bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Η πολιτική συνοχής της Ε.Ε. μετά το 2020: Περισσότεροι στόχοι, λιγότεροι πόροι
Authors: Ανδρέου Γιώργος 
Published: September 2020

Drawing on historical institutionalism, the paper seeks to compare the imprint of existing EU cohesion policy with the imprint formed on the basis of the policy reform proposals for the 2021-2027 programming period. It is deduced that the proposed changes are incremental in nature, seek to perpetuate the subjection of the goal of cohesion to the “new economic governance” and burden cohesion policy with additional general objectives. In addition, the distributivedimension of the proposals is problematic, as drastic reductions of funds are envisaged for 10 out of the 12 Central and Eastern European member states. The final conclusion is that: a) the proposed distribution of funds is politicallyunfeasible and b) the proposed reforms, while designed to limit complexity at the level of policy means, do not suffi ciently address “goal congestion” and do not event attempt to resolve the compatibility problem between the goal of cohesion – i.e. the reduction of territorial disparities – and the EU’s strategic ambitions.
Frequencies of gastrointestinal parasites among students of primary school in Al Kalakla Locality, Khartoum State, Sudan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abdalazim Hassan Hala , Abd Alla Ahmed Bakheet , Elfaki Tayseer Elamin Mohamed , Saad Mohammed Baha Eldin Ahmed 
Published: September 2020

Background:Intestinal parasite spread in tropical countries is especially common among primary school students. This study aimed to determine the frequencies of the intestinal parasite by different techniques among school students in Alkalakla locality, Khartoum state.Methods:This study was conducted in school students in Al-kalakla locality in Khartoum state from period between 20th December 2016 to 5th May 2017. Stool samples were collected from 134 randomly selected students, of whom 67 were males and 67 were females. All samples were examined using the wet preparation technique, formal ether concentration technique and saturated sugar floatation technique.Results:The frequency of intestinal parasites was 35.5% overall in the students examined; females were more affected than males (38.8% and 32.8%, respectively). The more affected age groups were 12-14 years followed by 9-11 and 6-8 years old (53.8%, 36.3% and 26.4% respectively). The least frequent intestinal parasite wasTaeniaspp. (1.5%) followed byGiardia lamblia(3.7%),Schistosoma mansoniandAscaris lumbricoides(5.2% each),Entamoeba coli(7.5%),Hymenolepis nana(10.4%), andEntamoeba histolytica(16.4%). In total, 20.9% were infected with single parasite while 14.9% were infected with more than one parasite. The frequency of parasite by formal ether concentration method was 35.8 %, by wet preparation method was 17.9 % and by the saturated sugar flotation method was 16.4%.Conclusion:Our data showed that intestinal parasites were common in school students; however, females were more affected than males and the 12-14-years age group was the most affected age group. The formal ether concentration method was the best method for detecting of intestinal parasite.
Relationship and career challenges faced by people infected with HIV in Malaysia
Authors: Tuan Abdullah Tuan Norbalkish , Mat Min Ruhani , Hossain Mosharaf , Abdullah Siti Salina 
Published: September 2020

Background: In Malaysia, there are still lack of studies related to the challenges of people infected with HIV (PIWH). Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the experiences of PIWH and how they cope with HIV. Methods: This qualitative study was based on a social constructivist and grounded theory approach. A total of 12 PIWH were selected by purposive sampling, all of whom participated in semi-structured and audio-recorded interviews, which were supported with non-participant observations and diary entries on three occasions for each participant. The interviews and diaries were transcribed and analysed using the grounded theory approach, which was assisted by utilizing NVIVO-8 to identify the themes related to the experiences of the participants. Results: PIWH experienced challenges related to their career and relationships with family and others. These challenges led to difficulties in gaining employment and career development, as well as feelings of denial, being uncomfortable, rejection, and labelling. They found that their lives were totally and dramatically changed after being tested positive for HIV. Conclusions: Among PIWH, HIV impacted relationships with significant others and career development. The absence of support and acceptance from significant others affected the ability of PIWH to cope with their daily challenges. The results of this study have implications for policymakers in terms of gaining sufficient knowledge and awareness to provide prevention programmes for HIV/AIDS.
Prevalence and factors associated with anemia among children under five years of age in Rombo district, Kilimanjaro region, Northern Tanzania
Authors: Mboya Innocent B. , Mamseri Redempta , Leyaro Beatrice J. , George Johnston , Msuya Sia E. , Mgongo Melina 
Published: September 2020

Background: Anemia is a severe public health problem affecting more than half of children under five years of age in low-, middle- and high-income countries. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anemia among children under five years of age in northern Tanzania. Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted in Rombo district, Kilimanjaro region, northern Tanzania in April 2016. Multistage sampling technique was used to select a total of 602 consenting mothers and their children aged 6-59 months and interviewed using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Stata version 15.1. We used generalized linear models (binomial family and logit link function) with robust variance estimator to determine factors associated with anemia. Results: Prevalence of anemia was 37.9%, and it was significantly higher among children aged 6-23 months (48.3%) compared to those aged 24-59 months (28.5%). There were no significant differences in anemia prevalence by sex of the child. Adjusted for other factors, children aged 6-23 months had over two times higher odds of being anemic (OR=2.44, 95% CI 1.71, 3.49, p<0.001) compared to those aged 24-59 months. No significant association was found between maternal and nutritional characteristics with anemia among children in this study. Conclusion: Prevalence of anemia was lower than the national and regional prevalence but it still constitutes a significant public health problem, especially among children aged 6-23 months. Interventions such as iron supplementation, food fortification and dietary diversification and management of childhood illnesses in this setting should be targeted towards mothers and children less than two years.
Investigating the effect of e-cigarette use on quitting smoking in adults aged 25 years or more using the PATH study
Authors: Lee Peter N. , Fry John S. 
Published: September 2020

Background: Part of the evidence on harms and benefits of e-cigarettes concerns whether using e-cigarettes encourages smokers to quit. With limited results from controlled trials, and weaknesses in much epidemiological data, we addressed this using nationally representative prospective study data, with detailed accounting for factors associated with quitting. Methods: Analyses used data for adults aged 25+ years from Waves 1 to 3 of the US PATH study. Separate analyses concerned follow-up from Waves 1 to 2, 2 to 3 and 1 to 3. The main analyses related baseline ever e-cigarette use (or e-product use at Wave 2) to having quit at follow-up, adjusting for predictors of quitting derived from 55 candidates. Sensitivity analyses omitted adults who had never used other products, linked quitting to current rather than ever e-cigarette use, used modified values of some predictors using later recorded data, or (in Wave 1 to 3 analysis only) also adjusted for quitting by Wave 2. Results: In the main analyses, unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) of quitting for ever e-cigarette use were 1.29 (95% CI 1.01-1.66), 1.52 (1.26-1.83) and 1.47 (1.19-1.82) for the Wave 1 to 2, 2 to 3, and 1 to 3 analyses. These estimates reduced after adjustment, to 1.23 (0.94-1.61), 1.51 (1.24-1.85) and 1.39 (1.11-1.74). The final models, including between six and nine predictors, always included household income, everyday/someday smoking, wanting to smoke after waking and having tried quitting, with other variables included in specific analyses. Quitting rates remained elevated in e-cigarette users in all sensitivity analyses. ORs were increased where other product users were omitted. Adjusted ORs of quitting for current e-cigarette use were 1.41 (1.06-1.89), 1.30 (1.01-1.67) and 1.56 (1.21-2.00). Conclusions: The results suggest e-cigarettes may assist adult smokers to quit, particularly in individuals not using other nicotine products, and who are current e-cigarette users.
Pelvic motion the key to understanding spine–hip interaction
Authors: Pizones Javier , García-Rey Eduardo 
Published: September 2020

Pelvic motion acting as a hinge between the spine and hips is essential to maintain proper balance during bipedalism. Pelvic rotation is recruited as a compensation mechanism when spinal malalignment occurs. This pelvic rotation can affect functional acetabular orientation, and consequently functional cup positioning if a total hip arthroplasty (THA) is needed. Pelvic retroversion, frequently associated with degenerative spinal changes, implies an increase of acetabular version. Patients with flexible lumbar spines (spine users) protect the hip joint. Patients with stiff, degenerated or fused lumbar spines (hip users) demand higher hip mobility, placing the THA at risk. Pelvises in retroversion place the THA at risk for anterior dislocation when standing. In contrast, pelvises in anteversion or with low pelvic incidence (PI) can place THA at risk for posterior dislocation when sitting. Try to set the cup in an anatomic position. However, bear in mind that low PI pelvises may need more acetabular ante-inclination, and high PI pelvises more acetabular retroversion. If surgery is needed, start first by addressing the hip, except in patients with compensation (high pelvic retroversion), who may need spine surgery first to place the pelvis, and consequently the acetabulum, in a proper position. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:522-533. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200032
Patterns of Healthy Aging and Household Size Dynamics in Western Europe
Authors: Шиповская Валентина Ивановна 
Published: September 2020

The diversity of family structures and the quality of social relationships are closely tied to one another. Individual characteristics such as parenting, grandparenting, partnership, cohabitation, living apart together, living solo and other contextual factors (for instance intergenerational help and care) shape partnership histories related to health dynamics; these histories vary greatly depending on gender and country. Over the last 20 years, researchers have considered the Northern Europe as a region of weak family ties and the Southern Europe as a region of strong family ties. This study interprets the household size as an age-related factor and focuses on two empirical questions: (1) Are there gender differences related to health patterns, and how do they change over time? (2) What kind of country-specific differences in the household size dynamics can be observed among West European men and women in the second part of life?
The study uses descriptive elements of sequence analysis and regression analysis based on the panel data from seven waves of the SHARE project (Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe) collected between 2004 and 2017. The study shows that there are gender differences in the life-course transition to a single-person household. This type of household become more common with time and with individual’s increasing age. The statistical patterns can be helpful in identifying those life stages that are crucial to stabilization of functional health within the context of demographic change.
Ethics statement. The SHARE project has been running since 2002. It was originally established at the Mannheim Research Institute for the Economics of Aging (MEA) of the University of Mannheim. Since 2011, it is being operated under the umbrella of the Max Planck Society at the Max Planck Institute for Social Law and Social Policy and is centrally coordinated by the Munich Center for the Economics of Aging. The SHARE study was subject to several ethics reviews: The Ethics Committee of the University of Mannheim, Ethics Council of the Max Planck Society and by national ethics committees. This study was conducted in full accordance with the World Medical Association (WMA) (Declaration of Helsinki, last revised at the 64th WMA Meeting held in Fortaleza, Brazil in October 2013). Written consents from all participants involved in this study were obtained.
SARS-CoV-2: una nueva amenaza
Authors: López Rodríguez Cristina A. , Boigues Pons Marc , Quirant Sánchez Bibiana , Teniente Serra Aina , Climent Martí Joan , Martínez Cáceres Eva Ma 
Published: September 2020

Resumen

Objetivos
Aportar una breve revisión del conocimiento actual sobre el virus SARS-CoV-2, cuya irrupción ha causado un gran impacto en la sociedad a escala mundial.

Contenido
Esta revisión aporta una visión general de diversos aspectos del virus y de la respuesta inmunitaria que desencadena, así como aproximaciones diagnósticas y terapéuticas que se están llevando a cabo.

Resumen
SARS-CoV-2 es un virus RNA con características peculiares que lo diferencian de sus predecesores SARS-CoV y MERS. Dada sus características estructurales y su patogenia, es capaz de provocar diversas manifestaciones clínicas según avanza la enfermedad. Se ha demostrado que el sistema inmunitario juega un papel importante en la respuesta frente a este virus y, por ende, es crucial el estudio de los anticuerpos y las poblaciones linfocitarias durante los distintos estadios de la enfermedad.

Perspectiva
El conocimiento del efecto del virus y la respuesta inmunitaria es determinante para el desarrollo de vacunas, terapias y técnicas diagnósticas de calidad, esenciales para el control y la erradicación de la enfermedad.
Falso hipertiroidismo por interferencia en inmunoanálisis
Authors: Jiménez García Clara , Ortega Fernández Piedad , Torregrosa Quesada María Eugenia , González Bueno Victoria , Botella Belda María Teresa , Alfayate Guerra Rocío 
Published: September 2020

Resumen

Objetivos
Los inmunoensayos utilizados para evaluar la función tiroidea son vulnerables a diferentes tipos de interferencias que pueden afectar a las decisiones clínicas.

Caso clínico
Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 37 años que acudió a nuestro hospital para su revisión médica anual por presentar hipotiroidismo iatrogénico tras tratamiento con radioiodo. La paciente se encontraba asintomática, sin signos sugestivos de enfermedad tiroidea. Sin embargo, en el estudio analítico destacó el resultado de su perfil tiroideo: TSH 7,75 mU/L, FT4 > 7,7 ng/dL.

Conclusiones
Ante resultados discordantes entre la clínica y el patrón bioquímico obtenido, se consideró la posibilidad de una interferencia metodológica. Se realizó una revisión detallada de las principales causas de interferencias y se realizaron una serie de procedimientos por parte del laboratorio para descartar la presencia de interferencias en la TSH y la FT4, comprobándose finalmente que había distintos agentes interferentes que estaban afectando a las mediciones de las hormonas tiroideas libres y a la TSH de la paciente.
Attractiveness of Constant States in Logistic-Type Keller–Segel Systems Involving Subquadratic Growth Restrictions
Authors: Winkler Michael 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The chemotaxis-growth system

($\star$)

{

u
t

=

D
⁢
Δ
⁢
u

-

χ
⁢
∇

⋅

(

u
⁢

∇
⁡
v

)

+

ρ
⁢
u

-

μ
⁢

u
α

,

v
t

=

d
⁢
Δ
⁢
v

-

κ
⁢
v

+

λ
⁢
u

{}\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle{}u_{t}&\displaystyle=D\Delta u-\chi% \nabla\cdot(u\nabla v)+\rho u-\mu u^{\alpha},\\ \displaystyle v_{t}&\displaystyle=d\Delta v-\kappa v+\lambda u\end{aligned}\right.

is considered under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions in smoothly bounded domains

Ω
⊂

ℝ
n

{\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{n}}

,

n
≥
1

{n\geq 1}

. For any choice of

α
>
1

{\alpha>1}

, the literature provides a comprehensive result on global existence for widely arbitrary initial data within a suitably generalized solution concept, but the regularity properties of such solutions may be rather poor, as indicated by precedent results on the occurrence of finite-time blow-up in corresponding parabolic-elliptic simplifications. Based on the analysis of a certain eventual Lyapunov-type feature of ($\star$), the present work shows that, whenever

α
≥

2
-

2
n

{\alpha\geq 2-\frac{2}{n}}

, under an appropriate smallness assumption on χ, any such solution at least asymptotically exhibits relaxation by approaching the nontrivial spatially homogeneous steady state

(

(

ρ
μ

)

1

α
-
1

,

λ
κ

⁢

(

ρ
μ

)

1

α
-
1

)

{\bigl{(}\bigl{(}\frac{\rho}{\mu}\bigr{)}^{\frac{1}{\alpha-1}},\frac{\lambda}{% \kappa}\bigl{(}\frac{\rho}{\mu}\bigr{)}^{\frac{1}{\alpha-1}}\bigr{)}}

in the large time limit.
Towards a compact, optically interrogated, cold-atom microwave clock
Authors: Elvin Rachel , Wright Michael W. , Lewis Ben , Keliehor Brendan L. , Bregazzi Alan , McGilligan James P. , Arnold Aidan S. , Griffin Paul F. , Riis Erling 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A compact platform for cold atoms opens a range of exciting possibilities for portable, robust and accessible quantum sensors. In this work, we report on the development of a cold-atom microwave clock in a small package. Our work utilises the grating magneto-optical trap and high-contrast coherent population trapping in the lin

⊥

$\perp $

lin polarisation scheme. We optically probe the atomic ground-state splitting of cold 87Rb atoms using a Ramsey-like sequence whilst the atoms are in free-fall. We have measured a short-term fractional frequency stability of

5
×

10

−
11

/

τ

$5{\times}{10}^{-11}/\sqrt{\tau }$

with a projected quantum projection noise limit at the

10

−
13

/

τ

${10}^{-13}/\sqrt{\tau }$

level.
Probing Bloch oscillations using a slow-light sensor
Authors: Kuan Pei-Chen , Huang Chang , Lan Shau-Yu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We implement slow-light under electromagnetically induced transparency condition to measure the motion of cold atoms in an optical lattice undergoing Bloch oscillation. The motion of atoms is mapped out through the phase shift of light without perturbing the external and internal state of the atoms. Our results can be used to construct a continuous motional sensor of cold atoms.
Some kinematics of halo coronal mass ejections
Authors: Verma Virendra Kumar , Mittal Nishant , Chandra Ramesh 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We present an investigation of halo coronal mass ejections (HCMEs) kinematics and other facts about the HCMEs. The study of HCMEs is very important because HCMEs are regarded as the main causes of heliospheric and geomagnetic disturbances. In this study, we have investigated 313 HCMEs observed during 1996-2012 by LASCO, coronal holes, and solar flares. We find that HCMEs are of two types: accelerated HCMEs and decelerated HCMEs. The mean space speed of HCMEs is 1283 km/s while the mean speed of decelerated HCMEs and accelerated HCMEs is 1349 km/s and 1174 km/s, respectively. The investigation shows that 1 (0.3%) HCME was associated with class A SXR, 14 (4.7%) HCMEs were associated with class B SXR-flares, 87 (29.4%) HCMEs were associated with class C SXR-flares, 125 (42.2%) HCMEs were associated with class M SXR-flares and 69 (23.3%) HCMEs were associated with class X SXR-flares. The speed of HCMEs increases with the importance of solar SXR-flares. The various results obtained in the present analysis are discussed in the light of the existing scenario of heliospheric physics.
Modeling transportation routes of the pick-up system using location problem: a case study
Authors: Stopka Ondrej , Ľupták Vladimír , Droździel Pawel , Rybicka Iwona 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In today’s increasingly globalizing world, the demand for the transport of more and more specific kinds of goods is constantly growing. Greater diversity of the objects of transport extends the range of consignees and consignors, which implies the reduction of the number and volume of consignments. Modern enterprises are no longer interested in mass supplies of large quantities of the same material but strive for flexible supplies of smaller quantities of specific materials out of more suppliers. This manuscript deals with the streamlining of specific transport-logistics processes, including a detailed analysis of the existing pick-up system in relation to transport serviceability of the certain territory starting in the city of České Budějovice (Czech Republic) and a determination of more effective variants for supply. The primary objective will be to find and analyze specific options for streamlining the processes being optimized using the selected method of the graph theory, namely the location problem. In the context of optimization, a specific case study is elaborated with the aim to increase the efficiency of the current pickup system, i.e. serviceability of a particular territory.
Solvable Lie and Leibniz superalgebras with a given nilradical
Authors: Camacho Luisa María , Fernández Barroso José Manuel , Navarro Rosa María 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Throughout this paper we show that under certain conditions the method for describing solvable Leibniz (resp. Lie) algebras with given nilradical by means of non-nilpotent outer derivations of the nilradical is also applicable to the case Leibniz (resp. Lie) superalgebras. Moreover, after having established the general method for Lie and Leibniz superalgebras, we classify all the solvable superalgebras on a very important class of each of them, that is, those with nilradical of maximal nilindex. Note that for

(

n
+
m

)

{(n+m)}

-dimensional superalgebras this maximal nilindex is

n
+
m

-
1

{n+m-1}

in the Lie case and

n
+
m

{n+m}

in Leibniz.
Eco-synthesis and characterization of titanium nanoparticles: Testing its cytotoxicity and antibacterial effects
Authors: Eisa Nada E. , Almansour Shaffa , Alnaim Ibtessam A. , Ali Amira M. , Algrafy Eman , Ortashi Khalid M. , Awad Manal A. , Virk Promy , Hendi Awatif A. , Eissa Fahd Z. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn recent years, green synthesis of nanoparticles has been the cornerstone of development of nanotechnology and its applications, as it emphasizes on promoting environmental sustainability. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential health benefits of the green-synthesized titanium nanoparticles (TiO2NPs). TiO2NPs were synthesized using titanium(iv) isopropoxide and lupin bean extract. The synthesized particles were characterized to assess the average particle size by dynamic light scattering, and X-ray diffraction method was used to study the crystalline nature. The average particle size recorded was 9.227 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.382. The morphology of the particles was assessed by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy which showed varied shapes of the nanoparticles, uniform spherical and crystallite rod shaped. Further, the cytotoxic efficacy of the nanoparticles was assessed against the breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromidefor (MTT) assay. The antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated against clinical pathogens via the disc diffusion assay. The key findings showed that the TiO2NPs exhibited potent cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 cell line with an IC50 of 41.1 µg. It also showed profound antibacterial activity. Thus, the synthesized nanoparticles could have potential biomedical applications owing to their therapeutic efficacy.