bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A brief educational intervention on the consumption of fruits and vegetables and physical activity improves healthy habits in university students
Authors: Correa Clara Helena González , Osorio Andrea Alturo , Correa Aida Maria González , Pérez Diana Maria Muñoz , Luberth Carmen Dussan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional status and physical activity of 70 university students before and after an educational intervention consisting of World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations on fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity. Methods The nutritional diagnosis was carried out by measuring body composition using anthropometric measurements. A survey was also carried out on the consumption of fruit and vegetables and the time involved in regular physical activity per week. The physical condition of participants was evaluated using the Harvard step test. One year after the intervention, the participants were invited back for a second assessment using the same tools as previously.Results The results showed that the intervention had a positive effect on healthy lifestyle habits since they increased the percentage of compliance with the recommendations of physical activity, by 16% in men and 9% in women. In addition, the intake of fruits and vegetables increased by 14% and 12% respectively. Conclusions It was concluded that these improvements, although discrete and far from reaching the recommendations proposed by WHO, provide a basis for designing and implementing strategies that increase the percentage of adherence to healthy living habits through low-cost and easy to adopt interventions.
Periostin and closing volume in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema
Authors: Anselmo Fernando Medeiros , Costa Cláudia Henrique da , Rodrigues Luciana Silva , Amadeu Thaís Porto , Athaide Mariana Martins de , Lima Mônica Cristina Brandão dos Santos , Faria Luana Fortes , Cruz Thaís Ferrari da , Lopes Agnaldo José , Rufino Rogerio Lopes 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) is an entity characterized by the presence of emphysema in upper lobes and fibrosis in lower lobes. Due to the presence of the two diseases concomitantly, it may be difficult to diagnose. This study aims at a better understanding of this entity and proposes biological markers (functional and biochemical) that help in this characterization. Methods A prospective, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out at a reference center. Pulmonary function tests (spirometry, CO-diffusion capacity, plethysmography and single-maneuver nitrogen washout test - SBWN 2 ) and biochemical markers (periostin, mucin-16, PDGF-BB and TGF-β 1 ) were measured in groups of patients: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, CPFE and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Results Variables derived from SBWN 2 - closing volume (CV) / vital capacity (VC) (%) and closing capacity (CC) / total lung capacity (TLC) (%) - were found to be higher in the CPFE group compared to the Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) group (CV/VC%: 0.25 (0.12 – 11.01) and 13.05 (0.21 – 20.73); p = 0.005; CC/TLC%: 30.1 (22.4 – 37.47) and 33.69 (32.05 – 41.98); p = 0.03, respectively). Periostin was higher in the CPFE group than in the other groups [CPFE: 66.74 (45.21 – 90.5), IPF: 43.81 (31.97 – 56.18), COPD: 40.08 (20.66 – 50.81); p = 0.0002], and mucin-16 was higher in the IPF group than in the CPFE group [CPFE: 13.59 (4.16 – 28.16); IPF: 71.94 (40.46 - 164); COPD: 25.85 (9.27 – 30.29); p = 0.02]. Conclusions Findings show that CPFE presents different functional and biochemical characteristics than IPF, including higher CV/VC%, CC/TLC% and periostin, whereas mucin-16 was higher in the IPF.
Sevoflurane Modulates Akt Isoforms In Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell Line
Authors: TIRON CRINA ELENA , Patrascanu Emilia , POSTU PAULA ALEXANDRA , TRANDAFIR IRINA C. VACAREAN , TIRON ADRIAN , GRIGORAS IOANA 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive tumor, associated with high rates of early distant recurrence and short survival times and treatment may require surgery, and thus anesthesia. The effects of anesthetic drugs on cancer progression are under scrutiny, but published data are controversial and the involved mechanisms unclear. Anesthetic agents have been shown to modulate several molecular cascades, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR. AKT isoforms are frequently amplified in various malignant tumors and associated with malignant cell survival, proliferation and invasion. Their activation is often observed in human cancers and is associated with decreased survival rate. Certain anesthetics are known to affect hypoxia cell signalling mechanisms by upregulating hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Methods: MCF-10A and MDA-MB 231 cells were cultivated and CellTiter-Blue® Cell Viability assay, 2D and 3D matrigel assay, immunofluorescence assays and gene expressions were performed after exposure to different sevoflurane concentrations.Results: Sevoflurane exposure of triple negative breast cancer cells results in morphological and behavioral changes. Sevoflurane differently influences the AKT isoforms expression in a time-dependent manner, with an important early AKT3 upregulation. The most significant effects occur at 72 hours after 2mM sevoflurane treatment and consist in increased viability, proliferation and aggressiveness and increased vimentin and HIF expression. Conclusion: Sevoflurane exposure during surgery may contribute to cancer recurrence via AKT3 induced EMT and by all three AKT isoforms enhanced cancer cell survival and proliferation.
Humanitarian Intervention, Health Behavior and Health Outcomes in Conflict Affected North East Nigeria: A Cross Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Ariyo Esther , Wouters Edwin , Mortelmans Dimitri 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The study explores the health behavior and outcomes (bathing, diarrhea, and sickness) of children who benefitted from a WASH package intervention, children who benefitted from a non-WASH sectoral form of intervention and children with no form of humanitarian intervention in conflict-affected communities in Northeastern part of Nigeria. Methods : We analysed data collected through a pretested questionnaire administered to a randomly selected sample of 385 children aged 7 to 18 years living within six conflict-affected communities using descriptive and regression analysis. Results : 39.4% of children from households that benefitted from WASH intervention had good environmental hygiene as compared to children from households with no humanitarian intervention (10.5%) and children who had benefited from the non-WASH related intervention (10.3%). We found that environmental hygiene is positively related to all outcomes measured. Study results also indicate that food security and socioeconomic status are associated with the frequency of sickness of internally displaced children. However, we found no significant difference in health outcomes across the intervention groups. Conclusion : Findings suggest the need for children-oriented WASH programming with an emphasis on environmental hygiene for households and communities. We also confirm existing evidence on the importance of integrated multi-sectoral humanitarian interventions in improving the health of crisis-affected children.
Dry sliding tribology of carbon fibre reinforced ceramic matrix composites with variation of laminate orientation and surface conformity
Authors: KUMAR PARSHANT , Srivast Vjay Kumar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Tribological behaviour of composites depend upon the surface conformity of interacting surfaces, local friction and wear response, and interaction area proportion of its constituents. Several other factors like wear debris interaction with the contact surfaces, and braking energy are also involved during in-service conditions. For laminated composites, interaction area proportion and wear debris interaction change with the orientation of laminates, due to change in surface conditions. Earlier research on tribological behaviour of carbon/carbon (C/C) and carbon/carbon-silicon carbide (C/C-SiC) composites mostly dealt with the parallel orientation of the laminates, and fully conformal surfaces. Thus, present article aims to investigate the tribological behaviour of C/C and C/C-SiC composites with variation of laminate orientation, surface conformity, normal load and sliding velocity. Normal and parallel orientation of laminates were considered with low and non–conformal Hertzian contacts. Worn surfaces were analysed under scanning electron microscope. The results show more fluctuations in friction coefficient (COF) for normal orientation of laminates. C/C-SiC composites loaded with parallel orientation of laminates generally exhibited highest COF and lowest wear loss. COF and wear loss decreased in non-conformal Hertzian contacts when compared with low conformity contacts and the reduction was large for C/C composites as compared to C/C-SiC composites.
Experimental study of the flux Law of flat ceramic membranes under different pressures
Authors: Chuanwen Sun , Haiqiao Wang , Qi Yu , Shiqiang Chen , Xun Li , Hanyang Wu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The flux performance of ceramic membranes is the basis for their efficient use. To study ceramic membrane flux variation, different filtration operating conditions were tested and the functional relationship between the membrane's clean water flux and the operating pressure within a given range obtained. The membrane's critical pressure and flux were determined by using pressure increments, and the flux variation law under different pressures determined experimentally. Analysis of the flux law and the membrane parameters enabled establishment of the flux model of filtration process and a model of flux stabilization after the deposition layer formed. The applicability of the model was proved by comparing and verifying the experimental data.
Synthesis, Analytical Characterization and Spectroscopic Investigation of Chloramphenicol Impurity A for the Quality Control of Chloramphenicol and its Formulation as Per International Compendium
Authors: Wadhwa Aparna , Ali Faraat , Parveen Sana , Kumar Robin , Singh Gyanendra N. 
Published: April 2020

Objective:
The main aim of the present work is to synthesize chloramphenicol impurity A (CLRMIMP-
A) in the purest form and its subsequent characterization by using a panel of sophisticated analytical
techniques (LC-MS, DSC, TGA, NMR, FTIR, HPLC, and CHNS) to provide as a reference standard
mentioned in most of the international compendiums, including IP, BP, USP, and EP. The present synthetic
procedure has not been disclosed anywhere in the prior art.

Methods:
A simple, cheaper, and new synthesis method was described for the preparation of CLRM-IMP-A. It
was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, DSC, TGA, NMR (1H and 13C), LC-MS, CHNS, and HPLC.

Results:
CLRM-IMP-A present in drugs and dosage form can alter the therapeutic effects and adverse reaction
of a drug considerably, it is mandatory to have a precise method for the estimation of impurities to safeguard
the public health. Under these circumstances, the presence of CLRM-IMP-A in chloramphenicol (CLRM)
requires strict quality control to satisfy the specified regulatory limit. The synthetic impurity obtained was in
the pure form to provide a certified reference standard or working standard to stakeholders with defined
potency.

Conclusion:
The present research describes a novel technique for the synthesis of pharmacopoeial impurity,
which can help in checking/controlling the quality of the CLRM in the international markets.
Improving Patients’ Medication Adherence and Outcomes in Nonhospital Settings Through eHealth: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Wong Zoie SY , Siy Braylien , Da Silva Lopes Katharina , Georgiou Andrew 
Published: April 2020

Background
Electronic health (eHealth) refers to the use of information and communication technologies for health. It plays an increasingly important role in patients’ medication management.

Objective
To assess evidence on (1) whether eHealth for patients’ medication management can improve drug adherence and health outcomes in nonhospital settings and (2) which eHealth functions are commonly used and are effective in improving drug adherence.

Methods
We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, EmCare, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and IEEE Xplore, in addition to other published sources between 2000 and 2018. We evaluated the studies against the primary outcome measure of medication adherence and multiple secondary health care outcome measures relating to adverse events, quality of life, patient satisfaction, and health expenditure. The quality of the studies included was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias (RoB) tool.

Results
Our initial search yielded 9909 records, and 24 studies met the selection criteria. Of these, 13 indicated improvement in medication adherence at the significance level of P<.1 and 2 indicated an improved quality of life at the significance level of P<.01. The top 3 functions that were employed included mechanisms to communicate with caregivers, monitoring health features, and reminders and alerts. eHealth functions of providing information and education, and dispensing treatment and administration support tended to favor improved medication adherence outcomes (Fisher exact test, P=.02). There were differences in the characteristics of the study population, intervention design, functionality provided, reporting adherence, and outcome measures among the included studies. RoB assessment items, including blinding of outcome assessment and method for allocation concealment, were not explicitly reported in a large number of studies.

Conclusions
All the studies included were designed for patient home-based care application and provided a mechanism to communicate with caregivers. A targeted study population such as older patients should be considered to maximize the public health impact on the self-management of diseases.

Trial Registration
International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42018096627; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=96627
The Assessment of Supportive Accountability in Adults Seeking Obesity Treatment: Psychometric Validation Study
Authors: Chhabria Karishma , Ross Kathryn M , Sacco Shane J , Leahey Tricia M 
Published: April 2020

Background
Technology-mediated obesity treatments are commonly affected by poor long-term adherence. Supportive Accountability Theory suggests that the provision of social support and oversight toward goals may help to maintain adherence in technology-mediated treatments. However, no tool exists to measure the construct of supportive accountability.

Objective
This study aimed to develop and psychometrically validate a supportive accountability measure (SAM) by examining its performance in technology-mediated obesity treatment.

Methods
Secondary data analyses were conducted in 2 obesity treatment studies to validate the SAM (20 items). Study 1 examined reliability, criterion validity, and construct validity using an exploratory factor analysis in individuals seeking obesity treatment. Study 2 examined the construct validity of SAM in technology-mediated interventions involving different self-monitoring tools and varying amounts of phone-based interventionist support. Participants received traditional self-monitoring tools (standard, in-home self-monitoring scale [SC group]), newer, technology-based self-monitoring tools (TECH group), or these newer technology tools plus additional phone-based support (TECH+PHONE group). Given that the TECH+PHONE group involves more interventionist support, we hypothesized that this group would have greater supportive accountability than the other 2 arms.

Results
In Study 1 (n=353), the SAM showed strong reliability (Cronbach α=.92). A factor analysis revealed a 3-factor solution (representing Support for Healthy Eating Habits, Support for Exercise Habits, and Perceptions of Accountability) that explained 69% of the variance. Convergent validity was established using items from the motivation for weight loss scale, specifically the social regulation subscale (r=0.33; P<.001) and social pressure for weight loss subscale (r=0.23; P<.001). In Study 2 (n=80), the TECH+PHONE group reported significantly higher SAM scores at 6 months compared with the SC and TECH groups (r2=0.45; P<.001). Higher SAM scores were associated with higher adherence to weight management behaviors, including higher scores on subscales representing healthy dietary choices, the use of self-monitoring strategies, and positive psychological coping with weight management challenges. The association between total SAM scores and percent weight change was in the expected direction but not statistically significant (r=−0.26; P=.06).

Conclusions
The SAM has strong reliability and validity across the 2 studies. Future studies may consider using the SAM in technology-mediated weight loss treatment to better understand whether support and accountability are adequately represented and how supportive accountability impacts treatment adherence and outcomes.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01999244; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01999244
Hospital Bring-Your-Own-Device Security Challenges and Solutions: Systematic Review of Gray Literature
Authors: Wani Tafheem Ahmad , Mendoza Antonette , Gray Kathleen 
Published: April 2020

Background
As familiarity with and convenience of using personal devices in hospitals help improve the productivity, efficiency, and workflow of hospital staff, the health care bring-your-own-device (BYOD) market is growing consistently. However, security concerns owing to the lack of control over the personal mobile devices of staff, which may contain sensitive data such as personal health information of patients, make it one of the biggest health care information technology (IT) challenges for hospital administrations.

Objective
Given that the hospital BYOD security has not been adequately addressed in peer-reviewed literature, the aim of this paper was to identify key security challenges associated with hospital BYOD usage as well as relevant solutions that can cater to the identified issues by reviewing gray literature. Therefore, this research will provide additional practical insights from current BYOD practices.

Methods
A comprehensive gray literature review was conducted, which followed the stepwise guidelines and quality assessment criteria set out by Garousi et al. The searched literature included tier 1 sources such as health care cybersecurity market reports, white papers, guidelines, policies, and frameworks as well as tier 2 sources such as credible and reputed health IT magazines, databases, and news articles. Moreover, a deductive thematic analysis was conducted to organize the findings based on Schlarman’s People Policy Technology model, promoting a holistic understanding of hospitals’ BYOD security issues and solutions.

Results
A total of 51 sources were found to match the designed eligibility criteria. From these studies, several sociotechnical issues were identified. The major challenges identified were the use of devices with insufficient security controls by hospital staff, lack of control or visibility for the management to maintain security requirements, lack of awareness among hospital staff, lack of direction or guidance for BYOD usage, poor user experience, maintenance of legal requirements, shortage of cybersecurity skills, and loss of devices. Although technologies such as mobile device management, unified endpoint management, containerization, and virtual private network allow better BYOD security management in hospitals, policies and people management measures such as strong security culture and staff awareness and training improve staff commitment in protecting hospital data.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that to optimize BYOD security management in hospitals, all 3 dimensions of the security process (people, policy, and technology) need to be given equal emphasis. As the nature of cybersecurity attacks is becoming more complex, all dimensions should work in close alignment with each other. This means that with the modernization of BYOD technology, BYOD strategy, governance, education, and relevant policies and procedures also need to adapt accordingly.
Economic Growth and Unemployment Nexus: Okun’s Two-Version Case for Nigeria, South Africa and United States of America
Authors: Onakoya Adegbemi Babatunde , Victor SEYINGBO, Adedotun 
Published: April 2020

Okun’s law in its original form was predicated on the experience in the United States of America. Some methodological refinements have been added based on studies conducted in other climes with varied results. This research investigated the applicability of this law in Nigeria, South Africa and the United States of America. The study conducted a comparative analysis of three of the versions of the law. The research employed Ordinary Least Squares method having validated it’s appropriateness with Dickey-Fuller and Philips-Perron tests. The demonstrated superiority of the dynamic version over the difference version was manifest in all the countries. The result also showed that the dynamic version of the law was applicable in the three nations while the difference version showed the lack of linkage between economic growth and unemployment only in Nigeria. Deployment of employment creative employment schemes, labour market reform and economic restructuring are recommended in the Nigerian case. The policy makers on South Africa and USA are enjoined to pursue growth- inducing policies.
Social Capital, Entrepreneurship and Rural Development
Authors: Prayitno Gunawan 
Published: April 2020

Arjowilangun Village is one of the most significant areas of origination in the Malang Regency for Indonesian migrant workers aiming to work overseas. The remittance sent by Indonesian migrant workers can be utilised to support the Desmigrative program, namely by establishing and developing entrepreneurship. The growth and development of entrepreneurship can be formed from the participation of the village community. Community participation in developing independent entrepreneurship can in turn boost village development. In line with Indonesian culture, rural communities still put forward kinship, trust, mutual cooperation, networking and high social norms (social capital component). This research aims to identify the social capital of retired Indonesian migrant workers and their decision to start business entrepreneurship. The results of the Social Network Analysis (SNA) as identified through three approaches: rate of participation, density and centrality showed that 14 respondents had the potential to be key figures in spreading information to increase community participation in village development. While the results of the correlation analysis indicate that the decision to start a business were influenced by the high value of their social capital, higher social capital can encourage the community to become entrepreneurs, enabling them to have a positive influence on village development. Keywords: Migrant worker, Social Capital, Entrepreneurship, Rural Development