bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase: An in silico drug repurposing for COVID-19
Authors: Baby Krishnaprasad , Maity Swastika , Mehta Chetan H. , Suresh Akhil , Nayak Usha Y. , Nayak Yogendra 
Published: September 2020

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), took more lives than combined epidemics of SARS, MERS, H1N1, and Ebola. Currently, the prevention and control of spread are the goals in COVID-19 management as there are no specific drugs to cure or vaccines available for prevention. Hence, the drug repurposing was explored by many research groups, and many target proteins have been examined. The major protease (Mpro), and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) are two target proteins in SARS-CoV-2 that have been validated and extensively studied for drug development in COVID-19. The RdRp shares a high degree of homology between those of two previously known coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Methods: In this study, the FDA approved library of drugs were docked against the active site of RdRp using Schrodinger's computer-aided drug discovery tools for in silico drug-repurposing. Results: We have shortlisted 14 drugs from the Standard Precision docking and interaction-wise study of drug-binding with the active site on the enzyme. These drugs are antibiotics, NSAIDs, hypolipidemic, coagulant, thrombolytic, and anti-allergics. In molecular dynamics simulations, pitavastatin, ridogrel and rosoxacin displayed superior binding with the active site through ARG555 and divalent magnesium. Conclusion: Pitavastatin, ridogrel and rosoxacin can be further optimized in preclinical and clinical studies to determine their possible role in COVID-19 treatment.
#ConsentObtained – Patient Privacy in the Age of Social Media
Authors: Kumar Anika , Chen Nancy , Singh Amit 
Published: September 2020

“I have a rare dermatologic disorder. In medical school, I read a case report about treatment for my disorder. I was surprised to read my history and shocked to see my childhood face staring back at me in the figures section. The case report was written when I was a child and my parents had signed a consent form that stated my case and images could be used for ‘educational purposes.‘ My parents were not notified that my images and case were published. While surprised and shocked to read my history and see images of myself in a medical journal, I trusted my privacy was protected because the journal would only be read by medical professionals. Fast‐forward to today, I do not know how comfortable I would feel if my images were shared on social media, with the potential to reach viewers outside of the medical community. If I were a parent, I would feel even more uncomfortable with reading my child's case on social media, let alone viewing an image of my child.”—A.K.
Improving Identification of Patients at Low Risk for Major Cardiac Events After Noncardiac Surgery Using Intraoperative Data
Authors: Navathe Amol S , Lei Victor J , Fleisher Lee A , Luong ThaiBinh , Chen Xinwei , Kennedy Edward , Volpp Kevin G , Polsky Daniel E , Groeneveld Peter W , Weiner Mark , Holmes John H , Neuman Mark D 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVERisk‐stratification tools for cardiac complications after noncardiac surgery based on preoperative risk factors are used to inform postoperative management. However, there is limited evidence on whether risk stratification can be improved by incorporating data collected intraoperatively, particularly for low‐risk patients.METHODSWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults who underwent noncardiac surgery between 2014 and 2018 at four hospitals in the United States. Logistic regression with elastic net selection was used to classify in‐hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) using preoperative and intraoperative data (“perioperative model”). We compared model performance to standard risk stratification tools and professional society guidelines that do not use intraoperative data.RESULTSOf 72,909 patients, 558 (0.77%) experienced MACE. Those with MACE were older and less likely to be female. The perioperative model demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.88 (95% CI, 0.85‐0.92). This was higher than the Lee Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) AUC of 0.79 (95% CI, 0.74‐0.84; P < .001 for AUC comparison). There were more MACE complications in the top decile (n = 1,465) of the perioperative model's predicted risk compared with that of the RCRI model (n = 58 vs 43). Additionally, the perioperative model identified 2,341 of 7,597 (31%) patients as low risk who did not experience MACE but were recommended to receive postoperative biomarker testing by a risk factor–based guideline algorithm.CONCLUSIONSAddition of intraoperative data to preoperative data improved prediction of cardiovascular complication outcomes after noncardiac surgery and could potentially help reduce unnecessary postoperative testing.
Innovation Search Strategy and Predictable Returns
Authors: Fitzgerald Tristan , Balsmeier Benjamin , Fleming Lee , Manso Gustavo 
Published: September 2020

Because of the intangible and highly uncertain nature of innovation, investors may have difficulty processing information associated with a firm’s innovation search strategy. Due to cognitive and strategic biases, investors are likely to pay more attention to unfamiliar explorative patents rather than incremental exploitative patents. We find that innovative firms focusing on exploitation rather than exploration tend to generate superior subsequent short-term operating performance. Analysts do not seem to detect this, as firms currently focused on exploitation tend to outperform the market’s near-term earnings expectations. The stock market also seems unable to accurately incorporate information about a firm’s innovation search strategy. We find that firms with exploitation strategies are undervalued relative to firms with exploration strategies and that this return differential is incremental to standard risk and innovation-based pricing factors examined in the prior literature. This result suggests a more nuanced view on whether stock market pressure hampers innovation, and may have implications for optimal firm financing choices and corporate disclosure policy. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, finance.
The Effect of Adiposity on Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Levels and Loss of Response in Crohn's Disease Patients
Authors: Lim Zixiang , Welman Christopher J. , Raymond Warren , Thin Lena 
Published: September 2020

INTRODUCTION:
A high body mass index is known to adversely affect antitumor necrosis factor-alpha trough levels and secondary loss of response (SLOR) in patients with Crohn's disease. We hypothesize that high levels of adiposity negatively affect these outcomes and aimed to determine if this relationship exists.

METHODS:
We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study of 69 patients with Crohn's disease from two tertiary inflammatory bowel disease centers between February 1, 2015, and June 30, 2018. Primary responders to infliximab (IFX) or adalimumab (ADA) who had a trough level performed within 6 months of CT or MRI scan and at least 12 months of clinical follow-up were eligible for inclusion. Body composition as measured on CT/MRI scans were correlated with trough concentration and time SLOR. Multivariate adjustments were made for established risk factors known to affect trough levels and SLOR.

RESULTS:
Of 69 included patients, 44 (63.8%) and 25 (36.2%) patients received IFX and ADA, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that IFX trough concentrations were inversely correlated with visceral fat area (−0.02 [−0.04, −0.003], P = 0.03), visceral fat index (−0.07 [−0.12, −0.01], P = 0.02) and visceral fat: skeletal muscle area ratio (−3.81 [−7.13, −0.50], P = 0.03), but not body mass index (−0.23 [−0.52, 0.06], P = 0.11). No predictive factors were found for ADA. Increased total adipose area was associated with an increased risk of SLOR in ADA-treated patients, but not IFX-treated patients (hazard ratio = 1.01 [1.002, 1.016], P = 0.011).

DISCUSSION:
Visceral adiposity is an important predictor of IFX trough levels, and high total adiposity predicts for SLOR to ADA.
A circular economy model for ethanol and alcohol-based hand sanitizer from sweet potato waste in the context of COVID-19
Authors: Trevisan Weber Caroline , Ranzan Lucas , Menz Liesegang Luciano Luís , Ferreira Trierweiler Luciane , Trierweiler Jorge Otávio 
Published: September 2020

Goal: The goal of the present work is to analyze the techno-economic viability of a biorefinery to generate ethanol and alcohol-based hand sanitizer from sweet potato waste within the concept of a circular economy.
Design / Methodology / Approach: A survey of expenses for a 1000 L.day-1 distilled plant was carried out, and five different market scenarios were evaluated, varying the rate of production of each product.
Results: Results show that the higher the production of the hand sanitizer, the more lucrative the scenarios are. The economic breakeven point occurs when the percentage of the alcohol-based hand sanitizer production is equal to 34%. However, the project becomes economically attractive from the production rate of 39%. The scenario for 80% of alcohol-based hand sanitizer production resulted in NPV of US$ 913,140.92, IRR of 64%, with a discounted payback of 0.72 year.
Limitations of the investigation: It was considered that all the production was sold, which is in line with the current market demand. However, if the market slows down, the sales and the revenue obtained may be lower.
Practical implications: The production of hand sanitizer from sweet potato waste is an opportunity to meet the market needs in scenarios such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Besides, the proposed biorefinery promotes the development of the circular economy through waste minimization.
Originality / Value: No studies about the production of ethanol and alcohol-based hand sanitizer from sweet potato waste in an integrated way, and the simulation of different real market scenarios were found.
Intervallmethoden zur Berechnung exponentieller Zustandseinschlüsse für die Erreichbarkeitsanalyse unsicherer Systeme
Authors: Rauh Andreas , Kersten Julia , Auer Ekaterina , Aschemann Harald 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Bei einer Vielzahl von Anwendungen aus dem Bereich der Ingenieurwissenschaften ist die Berechnung garantierter Einschlüsse der Mengen aller erreichbaren Zustandsgrößen von großem Interesse. Mögliche Anwendungsszenarien umfassen den Entwurf sowie die rechnergestützte Verifikation von (nicht-)linearen Zustandsregelungen sowie die Implementierung robuster modell-prädiktiver Regelungsansätze. Viele der hierbei betrachteten Anwendungen lassen sich nach einer geeigneten regelungsorientierten Modellbildung sowie gegebenenfalls nach einer Zustandstransformation in Form von gewöhnlichen Differentialgleichungssystemen mit einem dominierenden linearen Anteil beschreiben, wobei nichtlineare Effekte nicht vollständig vernachlässigt werden sollten. Für die Berechnung gesicherter Zustandseinschlüsse lassen sich beispielsweise allgemeine Ansätze basierend auf Taylor-Reihenentwicklungen der zu bestimmenden Lösungen heranziehen. Diese allgemeinen Ansätze nutzen jedoch in der Regel kein Vorwissen über systemspezifische Eigenschaften wie quasi-lineare Dynamik oder Stabilität. Um diese Eigenschaften in der Praxis effizient nutzbar zu machen, wird im Rahmen dieser Arbeit ein Exponentialansatz zur Berechnung garantierter Lösungseinschlüsse für Systeme gewöhnlicher Differentialgleichungen hergeleitet, der ausgehend von einer reellwertigen Implementierung für Systeme mit aperiodischer Dynamik auf die Berechnung komplexwertiger Zustandseinschlüsse für Prozesse mit oszillatorischem Verhalten verallgemeinert wird. Zum Abschluss werden Möglichkeiten vorgestellt, die entwickelten Verfahren auf Systeme von fraktionalen Differentialgleichungen auszudehnen.
Distribution and density of Lutraria rhynchaena Jonas, 1844 relate to sediment while reproduction shows multiple peaks per year in Cat Ba-Ha Long Bay, Vietnam
Authors: Hao Do Manh , Sy Do Trung , Tuyet Dao Thi Anh , Hiep Le Minh , Dat Nguyen Tien , Huong Do Thi Thu , Thung Do Cong , Nhon Dang Hoai , Lan Tran Dinh , Van Quan Nguyen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLutraria rhynchaenaJonas, 1844 is of great commercial interest, but its reserves have dramatically declined over recent decades. Therefore, there is an urgent need of scientific basis to propose effective fishery management measures and improve artificial aquaculture of the clam. In this study, we investigated the distribution and density ofL. rhynchaena, sediment characteristics, and established the clam’s reproductive cycle through monthly observations from August 2017 to July 2018. The study results showed that distribution and density of clams are related to sediment types, and the sediment type of medium sand is likely the best benthic substrate for the clams. The spawning of clams occurred throughout the year with three spawning peaks in January, April and September. For the sustainable management of the clam resource in Cat Ba-Ha Long Bay, the fishery authorities can issue a ban on harvest of the clam in spawning peak months in January, April and September.
Membrane Transport in Concentration Polarization Conditions: Evaluation of S-Entropy Production for Ternary Non-Electrolyte Solutions
Authors: Ślęzak Andrzej , Grzegorczyn Sławomir , Batko Kornelia M. , Pilis Wiesław , Biczak Robert 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A model of the S-entropy production in a system with a membrane which separates non-electrolyte aqueous solutions was presented. The differences between fluxes in non-homogeneous and homogeneous conditions for volume and solute fluxes, respectively, are non-linear functions of the glucose osmotic pressure difference (OPD) in ranges dependent on the initial ethanol OPD. A decrease of ethanol OPD causes a shift of this range into the lower values of glucose OPD; this shift is also observed for negative values of glucose and ethanol OPDs. The coefficient of concentration polarization of the membrane as a function of glucose OPD has a sigmoidal shape. For suitably great negative values of glucose OPD this coefficient is very small, while for suitably high positive glucose OPD this coefficient is equal to 0.5. An increase of ethanol OPD at the initial moment causes a shift of this curve towards the direction of positive values of glucose OPD. In turn the S-entropy production in non-homogeneous conditions has low values for negative values of glucose OPD (convective range) while for suitably high positive glucose OPD it has greater values (diffusive and convective range). A change of ethanol OPD at the initial moment causes a shift of this curve along the horizontal axis.
Melting dsDNA Donor Molecules Greatly Improves Precision Genome Editing in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Ghanta Krishna S , Mello Craig C 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Melting and fast cooling double stranded DNA donor molecules prior to injection dramatically increases the frequency of homology-directed repair for edits such as insertions of fluorescent protein markers in Caenorhabditis elegans. Strategies described here enable consistently .....
NILAI MORAL DALAM TERJEMAHAN SYAIR AJONGA YINDA MALUSA KARYA SYEKH HAJI ABDUL GANIU (SUATU PENDEKATAN HERMENEUTIKA)
Authors: Muda La , Kadirun Kadirun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract: The moral value in the translation of Ajonga Yinda Malusa lyric by Sheikh Haji Abdul Ganiu is the cultural heritage of the Indonesian people that can be used as a reference in character education that is being echoed by the government at this time. The purpose of this research is to describe moral values in the translation of Ajonga Yinda Malusa lyric by Sheikh Haji Abdul Ganiu. This study used content analysis method with a hermeneutic Paul Ricouer approach about text analysis and text reconstruction. The data of this study was the translation of Ajonga Yinda Malusa lyric by Syekh Haji Abdul Ganiu. The data analysis appropriate with the components of good moral values was moral knowledge, moral feeling, and moral action. The results showed that the translation of Ajonga Yinda malusa lyric, there was moral knowledge in the aspect of moral awareness, knowledge of moral values, determination of perspective, moral thinking, decision making, and personal knowledge. Moral feeling led to the aspect of conscience, self-esteem, empathy, love a good thing, poise, and humility. Moral action led to aspect of competence, desire, and habits. These three components were an aspect that led to the birth of moral values.Abstrak: Nilai moral dalam terjemahan syair Ajonga Yinda Malusa karya Syekh Haji Abdul Ganiu merupakan warisan budaya bangsa Indonesia yang dapat dijadikan referensi dalam pendidikan karakter yang sedang digaungkan pemerintah saat ini. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan nilai moral dalam terjemahan syair Ajonga Yinda Malusa karya Syekh Haji Abdul Ganiu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis isi dengan pendekatan hermeneutika Paul Ricouer tentang analisis teks dan rekontruksi teks. Data yang digunakan sebagai objek kajian adalah terjemahan syair Ajonga Yinda Malusa karya Syekh Haji Abdul Ganiu. Data analisis sesuai dengan komponen nilai moral yang baik yakni pengetahuan moral, perasaan moral dan tindakan moral. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada terjemahan syair Ajonga Yinda Malusa terdapat pengetahuan moral pada aspek kesadaran moral, pengetahuan nilai moral, penentuan prespektif, pemikiran moral, pengambilan keputusan dan pengetahuan pribadi. Perasaan moral mengarah pada aspek hati nurani, harga diri, empati, mencintai hal yang baik, kendali diri dan kerendahan hati. Tindakan moral mengarah pada aspek kompetensi, keinginan, dan kebiasaan. Ketiga komponen itu merupakan aspek yang mendorong lahirnya nilai-nilai moral.
ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA SIMBOL HEWAN DALAM PERCAKAPAN POLITIK DI TWITER
Authors: Nalendra Aloysius Rangga Aditya , Himawan Sultan , Latumahina Jeffry , Adhi Bryan Kalbu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract: This research is in the form of descriptive qualitative. This study tries to analyze the language phenoma by using Pierce's semiotic theory. Researchers used many data taken from Twitter social media as data taken from January 2018 to November 2019. Empirical data found on Twitter was processed and analyzed using the thick description method. The study conducted observations on social media and conducted data collection with an experimental system for this neutrality study. The results of this study are the discovery of the fact of the use of animal symbols, namely tadpoles, bat and desert lizards in the interaction of the social media world by netizens. Researchers found the meanings and symbols of the use of these animals only as a mocking tool but also became a symbol of guidance to criticize the animal symbol as not only a stigma but also a means of controlling social criticism.Abstrak: Penelitian ini berbentuk deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menganalisa fenoma bahasa dengan teori semiotic Pierce. Peneliti meggunakan beberapa data yang diambil dari media sosial twitter sebagai data empiris yang diambil dalam kurun waktu Januari 2018 hingga November 2019. Data empiris yang ditemukan dalam twitter tersebut diolah dan dianalisa dengan metode thick description. peneliti melakukan observasi di dalam media sosial dan melakukan pengambilan data dengan sistem acak guna menjaga netralitas penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini adalah penemuan fakta empiris penggunaan simbol hewan yakni cebong, kampret dan kadal gurun dalam interkasi dunia sosial media yang dilakukan oleh netizen. Peneliti menemukan kesamaan makna dan tujuan penggunaan symbol ketiga hewan tersebut yakni bukan hanya sebagai alat mengejek tetapi juga menjadi symbol petunjuk untuk mengkritik sehingga symbol hewan tersebut bukan saja menjadi stigma namun juga menjadi alat kontrol kritik sosial.
Aggregate Risk Model and Risk Measure-Based Risk Allocation
Authors: Syuhada Khreshna 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn actuarial modeling, aggregate risk is known as more attractive rather than individual risk. It has, however, usual difficulty in finding (the exact form of) joint probability distribution. This paper considers aggregate risk model and employ translated gamma approximation to handle such distribution function formulation. In addition, we deal with the problem of risk allocation in such model. We compute in particular risk allocation based on risk measure forecasts of Value-at-Risk (VaR) and its extensions: improved VaR and Tail VaR. Risk allocation shows the contribution of each individual risk to the aggregate. It has a constraint that the risk measure of aggregate risk is equal to the aggregate of risk measure of individual risk.Keywords: allocation methods; tail-value-at-risk; translated gamma approximation. AbstrakRisiko agregat merupakan kajian yang lebih menarik dalam pemodelan aktuaria, dibandingkan dengan risiko individu. Namun fungsi distribusi risiko agregat sulit ditentukan bentuk eksaknya. Artikel ini membahas mengenai model risiko agregat dan menggunakan metode aproksimasi Translasi Gamma untuk menentukan fungsi distribusi risiko agregat. Berdasarkan fungsi distribusi tersebut, dapat diprediksi alokasi risiko agregat. Metode alokasi risiko agregat diterapkan pada ukuran risiko Value-at-Risk (VaR) dan pengembangannya: improved VaR dan Tail-VaR. Alokasi risiko menyatakan nilai kontribusi setiap risiko individu terhadap ukuran risiko agregat. Jumlahan atau agregat dari setiap alokasi risiko individu sama dengan ukuran risiko agregat.Kata kunci: aproksimasi Translasi Gamma; alokasi risiko; Tail-Value-at-Risk.