bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New mechanistic insight into the digestion of complex dietary fibre by rumen microbiota using combinatorial high-resolution glycomic and transcriptomic analyses
Authors: Badhan Ajay , Low Kristin , Jones Darryl , Xing Xiaohui , Milani Mohammad Raza Marami , OrtegoPolo Rodrigo , Abbott D. Wade , Venketachalam Sivasankari , Hahn Michael , McAllister Tim 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The rumen microbial community is considered the most efficient anaerobic digestive ecosystem known, yet less than half of the energy in low quality forages is actually metabolized. There is a knowledge gap regarding the specific factors that impede the ruminal digestion of plant cell walls or if rumen microbiota have the functional potential and activities to overcome these constraints. To address these issues, innovative experimental methods may provide a high-resolution understanding of the cell wall chemistries and higher-order structures that are resistant to microbial digestion and how they interact with the functional activities of the rumen microbial community.
Results
With this goal, we characterized the total tract indigestible residue (TTIR) from cattle fed a high-forage diet containing low-quality straw using two comparative glycomic approaches: ELISA-based glycome profiling and glycosidic linkage analysis. Using these techniques, we successfully detected numerous and diverse cell wall glycan epitopes in barley straw and TTIR and determined their relative abundance pre- and post-intestinal digestion. Of these, xyloglucans and heteroxylans were the most recalcitrant to digestion. Linkage analysis identified indigestible linkages consistent with the polysaccharide epitopes identified by ELISA-based glycome analysis. To determine if residual plant polysaccharides within TTIR could be metabolised, rumen microbiota from cannulated cattle fed barley straw were incubated with barley straw and TTIR in in vitro batch cultures. Transcript coding for carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) were identified and characterized for their contribution to cell wall digestion based on glycomic analyses, comparative gene expression profiles, and associated CAZyme families. High-resolution phylogenetic fingerprinting of these sequences revealed encoded enzymes with activities predicted to cleave the primary linkages within heteroxylan and arabinan.
Conclusion
This experimental platform provides unprecedented precision in the understanding of forage structure and digestibility, which can inform next-generation solutions to improve the growth of ruminants fed low quality forages and enhance the use of crop residues as a feedstock.
Factors associated with self-rated health among mineworkers in Zambia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ohnishi Mayumi , Tembo Backsion , Nakao Rieko , Matsuura Emi , Fujita Wakako 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
This study aims to examine miners’ working conditions and self-rated health status in copper mines in Zambia and to identify conditions and factors necessary to improve the safety and health of mineworkers.
Methods
A self-administered questionnaire was conducted anonymously among copper mineworkers in Zambia in 2015 and 2016.
Results
In total, 285 of 330 responses were analyzed. Regular employees had better working conditions, including higher incomes (t-test, P = 0.011), guaranteed paid holidays (chi-square test, P = 0.045), health check-ups (chi-square test, P = 0.023) and sickness insurance (chi-square test, P < 0.001), than contract employees. Mineworkers’ increased self-rated health was determined by an educational status of having completed secondary school (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 3.406; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.072, 10.822; P = 0.038). Moreover, job category, such as working underground (AOR: 0.338; 95% CI: 0.173, 0.663; P = 0.002), and having experienced violence (AOR: 0.472; 95% CI: 0.035, 0.948; P = 0.035) were negatively associated with good self-rated health in the logistic regression analysis, regardless of employment status.
Conclusions
Among mineworkers in Zambia, non-underground work and not having experienced violence from their boss contributed to increased self-rated health. From the perspective of psychological safety and human security, the management of safety and the working environment, including human resource management and preventing harassment/violence, should be assured, especially for underground mineworkers.
Conceptual Hybrid Model for Wearable Cardiac Monitoring System
Authors: Ahmed Hafiz Imtiaz , Ahmed Hafiz Imtiaz , Saleem Darakhshan Mehboob , Saleem Darakhshan Mehboob , Omair Syed Muhammad , Omair Syed Muhammad , Shams Sarmad , Shams Sarmad , Sheikh Naeem , Sheikh Naeem , Tariq Areeba , Tariq Areeba 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe electrocardiogram is the most convenient and widely used method of cardiac monitoring. The information provided by the ECG has the potential to be used as a means by which cardiac arrhythmia can be detected at an early stage in order to prevent life-threatening complications. Its significance is widely accepted in the medical field so much so that tele-monitoring is being utilized across the world for cardiac activity. To perform cardiac monitoring more efficiently, a mobile application, used in conjunction with a sensor unit, is designed to perform real-time monitoring of the cardiac signal. The device consists of 3-lead EKG patches with an integrated Bluetooth module allowing a point-to-point pairing between the hardware and smartphone application. The hardware can either be placed on humanoid robot arm fingers or connected to a wearable patch placed on the chest. A real-time EKG signal is transmitted to the Android application on which a time vs. voltage plot will be displayed. ResultsThe device was tested using the ProSim8 ECG simulator by Fluke Biomedical. The test confirmed the signal quality of the ECG signal with clear P, QRS, and T waves. ConclusionsThis device provides a more cost-effective telemedicine solution for cardiac home care assistance in remote areas which can serve as a viable alternative to conventional monitors as it has the potential to reduce the time for clinical procedures
Rabbit Thyroid Extracellular Matrix as a 3D Bioscaffold for Thyroid Bioengineering
Authors: Weng Jie , Chen Bi , Xie Mengying , Wan Xinlong , Peng Wang , Zhou Xiaoming , Zhou Zhiliang , Mei Jin , Wang Liang , Huang Duping , Chen Chan , Wang Zhibin , Wang Zhiyi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAdvances in regenerative medicine technologies have been strongly proposed in the management of thyroid diseases. Mechanistically, the adoption of thyroid bioengineering requires a scaffold that shares a similar three dimensional (3D) space structure, biomechanical properties, protein component, and cytokines to the native extracellular matrix (ECM).Methods24 male New Zealand white rabbits were used in this experimental study. The rabbit thyroid glands were decellularized by immersion/agitation decellularization protocol. The 3D thyroid decellularization scaffolds were tested with histological and immunostaining analyses, scanning electron microscopy, DNA quantification, mechanical properties test, cytokine assay and cytotoxicity assays. Meanwhile, the decellularization scaffold were seeded with human thyroid follicular cells, cell proliferation and thyroid peroxidase were determined.ResultsNotably, through the imaging studies, it was distinctly evident that our protocol intervention minimized cellular materials and maintained the 3D spatial structure, biomechanical properties, ECM composition, and biologic cytokine. Consequently, the decellularization scaffold was seeded with human thyroid follicular cells, thus strongly revealing its potential in reinforcing cell adhesion, proliferation, and preserve important protein expression.Conclusions﻿The adoption of our protocol to generate a decellularized thyroid scaffold can potentially be utilized in transplantation to manage thyroid diseases through thyroid bioengineering.
Finite Element Analysis of Elbow Joint Stability by Different Flexion Angles of the Annular Ligament
Authors: Xu Guangming , Yang ZhengZhong , Yang JiYong , Liang Ziyang , Li wei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the biomechanical effects of different flexion angles of the annular ligament on elbow joint stability. MethodsLeft elbow CT and MRI scans were chosen from a healthy volunteer, according to a previous research model. A cartilage and ligament model was constructed with SolidWorks software according to the MRI results to simulate the annular ligament during normal, loosen, and rupture conditions at different buckling angles (0, 30, 60, 90, 120). In 15 elbow models, boundary conditions were set according to the literature. The different elbow 3D finite element models were imported into ABAQUS software to calculate and analyze the load, contact area, contact stress and stress of the medial collateral ligament of the olecranon cartilage. Results1. According to the analysis results, olecranon cartilage stress values when the annular ligament under different conditions（normal、loosened、ruptured）with elbow extension, were 2.1 ± 0.18, 2.4 ± 0.75, and 2.9 ± 0.94 MPa. As the buckling angle increased, the stress value decreased; with 120 degrees of elbow flexion, the minimum stress values were 0.9 ± 0.12, 1.1 ± 0.38, and 1.2 ± 0.29 MPa. 2. When the contact surface of the olecranon cartilage was flexed from 0 to 30 degrees, the olecranon cartilage contact area significantly increased, reaching a maximum value of 254±5.35 mm, and then the contact area gradually decreased, reaching a minimum value of 176±2.62 mm when the elbow joint was flexed to 120 degrees. The results when the annular ligament was loosened and ruptured were different from those of the normal annular ligament. The maximum values were 283±4.74and 312±5.49mm at 60 degrees of elbow flexion. The contact area gradually decreased with an increase in the angle, and the minimum values were 210±3.82 and 236±6.59 mm at 120 degrees of elbow flexion. 3. When the elbow joint was extended, the maximum stress of the medial collateral ligament was 6.5±0.23, 11.5±0.78 and 18.7±0.94 MPa under different states; as the stress decreased with an increase in the angle, the corresponding values were 2.8±0.18, 4.8±0.56 and 6.2±0.72 MPa at 120 degrees of elbow flexion. ConclusionThe annular ligament plays an important role in maintaining elbow joint stability. When the annular ligament ruptures, it should be reconstructed as much as possible to avoid the elevation of stress on the surface of the medial collateral ligament of the elbow and on the annular cartilage, which may cause clinical symptoms.
WITHDRAWN: The Dosimetric Advantages of Robust Optimization Combined With Flatten Filter Free Mode in Left Breast Cancer
Authors: Luo Hongying , Shan Guoping , Shao Kainan , Yang Yiwei , Zhou Xia , Zhou Jianliang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background and purposesTo explore the advantages of Robust optimization in dosimetry under flatten filter free(FFF) Mode after left breast cancer surgery.Materials and methods21 patients with left breast cancer after surgery were randomly selected from 2019 to 2020. The planned target volume (PTV) dose was prescribed 50Gy /25times and B. With or without Robust optimization were designed on the RayStation planning system with Volume rotary intensity-modulated radiotherapy technology based on the FFF Mode. By moving the center point of the field to simulated the movement of target area of the internal chest wall (0.50cm) caused by Respiratory movement, dosimetry characteristics. Using spss 23.0 to analyse the datum.Resultswhen the chest wall target moved outward, the PTV target area D98, D95, D2, CI and HI with Robust optimization were better than those without Robust, and the coverage rate of PTV-CHESTV50 was significantly higher than that without Robust optimization (P=0.000060), which was 15.39% higher than that without Robust optimization. CTVV50 coverage with Robust optimization was higher than that without Robust optimization, with an increase of 14.48%. In terms of endangering organ parameters, the average spinal cord dose of the plan with Robust optimization was 13.19% lower than that of the plan without Robust optimization, and the lung V5 of the plan without Robust optimization was slightly lower than that of the plan with Robust optimization, which was 1.80% lower than that of the plan without Robust optimization. There was no significant difference in machine execution efficiency between the two groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe Robust optimization could be adopted in the development of postoperative left breast cancer radiotherapy plan, which ensures that the target dose coverage and the dose limit of organ-at-risk still meet the clinical requirements under condition of chest wall displacement caused by respiratory movement.
Sugammadex is associated with shorter hospital length of stay after open lobectomy for lung cancer: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Song Seung Won , Yoo Kyung Yeon , Ro Yong Sung , Pyeon Taehee , Bae Hong-Beom , Kim Joungmin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Sugammadex is associated with few postoperative complications. Postoperative pulmonary complications are related to prolonged hospitalizations. Present study explored whether the use of sugammadex could reduce postoperative complications and thereby reduce hospital length of stay (LOS) after lung surgery. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent elective open lobectomy for lung cancer from January 2010 to December 2015. Patients were divided into the sugammadex group and pyridostigmine group.The primary outcome was hospital LOS and secondary outcomes were postoperative complications and overall survival at 1 year. The cohort was subdivided into patients with and without prolonged LOS to explore the effects of sugammadex on outcomes in each group. Risk factors for prolonged LOS were determined via multivariate analyses. After propensity score matching, 127 patients were assigned to each group. Results: Median hospital LOS was shorter (10.0 vs. 12.0 days) and the incidence of postoperative atelectasis was lower (18.1 vs. 29.9%) in the sugammadex group. However, no significant difference in overall survival between the groups was seen over 1 year (hazard ratio, 0.967; 95% confidence interval, 0.363 to 2.577). Sugammadex was a predictor related to LOS (exponential coefficient 0.88; 95% CI 0.82–0.95) and resulted in a shorter LOS in patients without a prolonged LOS). Among patients undergoing open lung lobectomy for lung cancer, compared to pyridostigmine, neuromuscular reversal with sugammadex resulted in a short hospital LOS and a lower incidence of postoperative complications, but showed a similar mortality. Conclusions: Our data suggest that sugammadex is a preferable agent for neuromuscular blockade (NMB) reversal than cholinesterase inhibitors in this patient population.Trial registration: This study registered in the Clinical Research Information Service of the Korea National Institute of Health (approval number: KCT0004735, Date of registration: 21 January 2020, Retrospectively registered).
Comparison of Physical Effect Between Two Training Methods for Individuals With Substance Use Disorder
Authors: yang yanguang , Chen Jing-yi , Pang Xiao-wu , Shen Meng-lu , Yang Su-yong , Xu Ding , Xiao Ke , Wang Tian-yuan , Wang Jia-bin , Zhu Dong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: High-intensity Interval Training (HIIT) has recently been widely used for health promotion in healthy people and patients with chronic diseases. It is not clear whether HIIT can bring better physical rehabilitation benefits to individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) than that of Moderate-intensity continuous Training (MICT). The study aimed to compare the effects of HIIT versus MICT on the physical fitness of individuals with SUD.Methods: A total 120 individuals with amphetamine-type stimulant dependent from a compulsory drug rehabilitation center voluntarily took part in this study. They were randomly assigned to the HIIT group (experimental group) and MICT group (control group). The subjects in experimental group received HIIT training three times a week (80%-85%HRMax, 60min). The exercise included rope jumping, running, weight training and basketball game. The subjects from control group received MICT 3 times a week (60%HRMax, 60min), including Tai Chi, mind-body exercise and recreation activity. Physical fitness assessment were performed at the baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months exercise intervention including blood pressure (BP), vital capacity (VC), hand grip, push-up, sit-and-reach, one-leg-stand with eyes closed and choice reaction time. The craving level was assessed using the visual analog scale （VAS）at the baseline, 6 months and 12 months. A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to test whether the intervention were different after 12 months.Results: The within-group factor displayed significant changes in HIIT and MICT groups in terms of the systolic BP (F (4,336) =12.799), diastolic BP (F(4,336) =9.495), VC (F(4,336)=18.121), hand grip (F(4,336)=34.815), sit-and-reach (F(4,336) =13.871), choice reaction time (F(4,336) =20.603), one-leg-stand with eyes closed (F(4,336) =14.495) and push-up (F(4,336) =28.805). The craving level decreased after 12 months intervention in both groups (F(2,168) =11.25, P<0.001), but there was not significant differences between HIIT and MICT group.Conclusion: Both HIIT and MICT can promote the physical fitness rehabilitation for individuals with SUD. Clinical Trials Registry: ChiCTR1900022158 Chinese Clinical Trial Registry
A Case of Esophageal Cancer With Right Vertebral Artery Variation Observed During Thoracoscopic Esophagectomy
Authors: Sato Yuta , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Imai Takeharu , Hatanaka Yuji , Okumura Naoki , Matsuhashi Nobuhisa , Takahashi Takao , Yoshida Kazuhiro 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundVariation of the vertebral artery bifurcation is rare. This branching abnormality can make it difficult to identify the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) during thoracoscopic esophagectomy. There are a few reports on abnormal branching of the vertebral artery but none related to esophagectomy. We report the case together with the results of the evaluation of vertebral artery bifurcation and length in 50 patients with esophageal cancer in our hospital.Case presentationThoracoscopic esophagectomy was performed on a 70-year-old patient with esophageal cancer. During lymph node dissection, an unusual blood vessel was found running along the right subclavian artery (RSA). This blood vessel made it difficult to identify the right RLN. We determined this blood vessel to be the right vertebral artery (RVA) branching far more centrally than usual. Because this anatomical abnormality was clarified, we could then recognize that the right RLN coursed around the RVA and the RSA and thus was running in a larger arch than usual.Conclusion﻿Knowledge of such anatomical variation is important in thoracoscopic esophagectomy to prevent iatrogenic injury of the RLN and the vertebral artery.
The Short-term and Long-term Outcomes of Indocyanine Green Tracer-Guided Laparoscopic Radical Gastrectomy in Patients with Gastric Cancer
Authors: Lu Xiaofeng , Liu Song , Xia Xuefeng , Sun Feng , Liu Zhijian , Wang Jiafeng , Li Xianghui , Yang Zhengyang , Kang Xing , Ai Shichao , Guan Wenxian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: the safety and efficacy of indocyanine green (ICG) imaging navigational laparoscopic gastrectomy remain controversial. This study is to evaluate the short-term and long-term outcomes of ICG-guided laparoscopic radial gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.Methods: Consecutive patients with definitive diagnosis of gastric cancer that underwent laparoscopic radical gastrectomy were collected retrospectively. Propensity score matching (PSM) at 1:1 ratio was performed to compare the outcomes of two groups.Results: A total of 122 qualified patients were divided into ICG group (n=34) and non-ICG group (n=88). PSM yielded 28 patients with comparable baseline characteristics into each group. The number of retrieved lymph node in ICG group was significantly higher than that in non-ICG group (P=0.0196). There was no statistical difference of perioperative, short-term and long-term complications between two groups. Conclusion: ICG-guided laparoscopic radical gastrectomy is safe and effective, and improves the number of retrieved lymph nodes for patients with gastric cancer.
Short-term Outcomes of Refractory Diabetic Macular Edema Switch from Ranibizumab to Dexamethasone Implant and the Influential Factors: A Retrospective Real World Experience.
Authors: Hsia Ning-Yi , Lin Chun-Ju , Chen Huan-Sheng , Chang Cheng-Hsien , Bair Henry , Lai Chun-Ting , Lin Jane-Ming , Chen Wen-Lu , Tien Peng-Tai , Wu Wen-Chuan , Tsai Yi-Yu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implants in refractory diabetic macular edema (DME) treated by intravitreal ranibizumab.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed DME patients who received DEX implant treatment after being unresponsive to at least three monthly intravitreal ranibizumab injections. The main outcomes were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), and intraocular pressure (IOP).Results: Twenty-nine eyes of 26 patients who had previously received an average of 8.1 ± 4.4 ranibizumab injections were included. Patients received between one and three DEX implants during 12.4 ± 7.4 months of follow-up. The mean final CRT significantly decreased from 384.4 ± 114.4 μm at baseline to 323.9 ± 77.7 μm (p = 0.0249). The mean final BCVA was 51.4 ± 21.3 letters, which was not significant compared to baseline (44.9 ± 30.2 letters, p = 0.1149). Mean IOP did not increase significantly. All patients tolerated the treatment well without serious adverse events. Higher baseline CRT and worse BCVA correlated with better therapeutic responses.Conclusion: Switching to DEX implant is effective and safe for treating DME non-responder to intravitreal ranibizumab in real world.
Integrated Transcriptome, Proteome, Acetylome, and Metabolome Profiling of Mouse Liver During Normal Aging
Authors: Liu Jiang-Feng , Wu Song-Feng , Liu Cong , Chen Hou-Zao , Yang Juntao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAging is a complex biological process accompanied by a time-dependent functional decline that affects most living organisms. We aimed to obtain an integrated aging-associated profile of the mouse liver using a multi-omics approach.ResultsWe performed a combined transcriptome, proteome, acetylome, and metabolome analysis of liver tissues from young and old mice under physiological conditions. Old mice were frequently obese with a fatty liver, and the observed profile changes in different omics were generally moderate. Specifically, transcriptome, proteome, and acetylome analyses revealed different patterns in old and young mice, but metabolome analysis did not. Functional enrichment analysis showed that metabolic pathways were broadly altered during normal aging. Notably, the genes, proteins, and metabolites involved in pyrimidine and glutathione metabolisms were significantly affected in all these four omics. Moreover, we observed increased arachidonic acid metabolism and decreased complement and coagulation cascades in old mice, suggesting an alteration in the immune function during normal aging.ConclusionsWe conducted a multi-omics investigation of normal liver aging in mice and generated comprehensive datasets for aging research. Further analysis revealed that impairment of pyrimidine and glutathione metabolisms and immune function may be critical for hepatic aging and may provide targets for aging interventions.