bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-sectional analysis of place-based and racial disparities in hospitalisation rates by disease category in California in 2001 and 2011
Authors: Raphael Eva , Gaynes R , Hamad Rita 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesTo study the association of place-based socioeconomic factors with disease distribution by comparing hospitalisation rates in California in 2001 and 2011 by zip code median household income.DesignSerial cross-sectional study testing the association between hospitalisation rates and zip code-level median income, with subgroup analyses by zip code income and race.Participants/settingOur study included all hospitalised adults over 18 years old living in California in 2001 and 2011 who were not pregnant or incarcerated. This included all acute-care hospitalisations in California including 1632 zip codes in 2001 and 1672 zip codes in 2011.Primary and secondary outcomesWe compared age-standardised hospitalisations per 100 000 persons, overall and for several disease categories.ResultsThere were 1.58 and 1.78 million hospitalisations in California in 2001 and 2011, respectively. Spatial analysis showed the highest hospitalisation rates in urban inner cities and rural areas, with more than 5000 hospitalisations per 100 000 persons. Hospitalisations per 100 000 persons were consistently highest in the lowest zip code income quintile and particularly among black patients.ConclusionHospitalisation rates rose from 2001 to 2011 among Californians living in low-income and middle-income zip codes. Integrating spatially defined state hospital discharge and federal zip code income data provided a granular description of disease burden. This method may help identify high-risk areas and evaluate public health interventions targeting health disparities.
Mesh fixation technique for inguinal hernia repair: protocol for an umbrella review with integrated and updated network meta-analysis
Authors: Techapongsatorn Suphakarn , Tansawet Amarit , Kasetsermwiriya Wisit , Pattanaprateep Oraluck , Thakkinstian Ammarin 
Published: October 2019

IntroductionInguinal hernia mesh repair is the standard care for symptomatic inguinal hernia. Mesh fixation is used to keep mesh in place for which various mesh fixation techniques have been used in open and laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, but their effectiveness has remained inconclusive. Therefore, we developed a protocol for an umbrella review in order to summarise the evidences with integrate and update data of different mesh fixation techniques in both open and laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.Methods and analysisPrevious systematic reviews and meta-analyses will be identified from Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Databases, EMBASE, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, PROSPERO Register, CINAHL, JBISRIS, EPPI-Centre, Wiley Online Library and Science Direct database. Two reviewers will independently determine studies for eligibility. Disagreement will be solved by consensus and arbitrated by the third reviewer. Data extraction will also be performed by two independent reviewers. For umbrella review, a descriptive analysis will be applied to describe evidence of mesh fixation effectiveness. Overlapping studies and excess significance test will be performed to assess whether previous evidences are bias. In addition, individual studies from meta-analysis and additional published studies will be pooled using network meta-analyses. We will use I2statistic and Cochran’s Q test to assess heterogeneity. Risk of bias and publication bias, if appropriate, will be evaluated, as well as overall strength of the evidence.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol has been registered with PROSPERO and approved with Institutional Review Board, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand (COA 167/2018). The results will be published in peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018111773
Burden of musculoskeletal-related disorders resulting from non-fatal road traffic collisions in Africa: a protocol of a systematic review
Authors: Yusuf Mohamed , Gebrye Tadesse , Fatoye Francis 
Published: October 2019

IntroductionIn addition to their high mortality rates, road traffic collisions (RTC) are considered a burden within those who do survive. In Africa, injuries related to RTC have been identified as the 10th most common cause of disability-adjusted life years lost for all ages and categories. Moreover, non-fatal RTC are the biggest cause associated with the burden of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in Africa. Despite this, the epidemiology of MSD related to non-fatal RTC within this region is still unknown.The objective of this review is to identify and summarise available data regarding the prevalence, incidence and patterns of MSD resulting from non-fatal RTC in Africa.Methods and analysisA systematic review of observational epidemiological studies will be conducted. On October 2019, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Global Health and African Journals OnLine will be searched for literature that is in English and published between 1990 and 2018. Two reviewers (MY ad TG) will independently screen results and extract the data, with a third reviewer (FF) resolving any discrepancies through discussion. Additionally, two reviewers (MY and TG) will independently assess the quality of the eligible studies using the US National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Quality Assessment Tool.Within the eligible studies, data on citation, methods and results will be extracted. Extracted data will be analysed using a narrative synthesis. Findings will be presented in tables, with the main outcomes being prevalence, incidence and disease pattern of MSD and determinants of non-fatal RTC. The final systematic review will be conducted as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline.Ethics and disseminationAs individual patients will not be involved in this study, no ethical approval will be sought. Findings from this review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and relevant conferences.Trial registration numberCRD42019139538
Efficacy and safety of topical and systemic medications: a systematic literature review informing the EULAR recommendations for the management of Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Brito-Zerón Pilar , Retamozo Soledad , Kostov Belchin , Baldini Chiara , Bootsma Hendrika , De Vita Salvatore , Dörner Thomas , Gottenberg Jacques-Eric , Kruize Aike A. , Mandl Thomas , Ng Wan-Fai , Seror Raphaele , Tzioufas Athanasios G. , Vitali Claudio , Bowman Simon , Mariette Xavier , Ramos-Casals Manuel 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate current evidence on the efficacy and safety of topical and systemic medications in patients with primary Sjögren syndrome (SjS) to inform European League Against Rheumatism treatment recommendations.MethodsThe MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched for case-control/prospective cohort studies, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews.ResultsCurrent evidence in primary SjS patients fulfilling the 2002 criteria is based on the data from 9 RCTs, 18 prospective cohort studies and 5 case-control studies. Two Cochrane systematic literature reviews (SLRs) have reported that topical treatments for dry mouth and dry eye are safe and effective. Ocular cyclosporine A was safe and effective in two RCTs including 1039 patients with dry eye syndrome. Two Cochrane SLRs on serum tear drops and plugs showed inconsistency in possible benefits, both for symptoms and objective measures. Five RCTs reported significant improvements in oral dryness and salivary flow rates for pilocarpine and cevimeline. An RCT showed no significant placebo-differences for hydroxychloroquine 400 mg/day for the primary outcome (visual analogue scale (VAS) composite of dryness, fatigue and pain). We identified seven RCTs carried out in primary SjS patients. RCTs using infliximab, anakinra and baminercept found no placebo-differences for the primary outcomes. The two largest RCTs randomised 255 patients to receive rituximab or placebo and reported no significant results in the primary outcome (VAS composite), while prospective studies suggested efficacy in systemic disease.ConclusionThe current evidence supporting the use of the main topical therapeutic options of primary SjS is solid, while limited data from RCTs are available to guide systemic therapies.
Diagnostic value of blood variables following attenuation of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt in dogs
Authors: Vallarino Nicolas , Pil Steven , Devriendt Nausikaa , Or Matan , Vandermeulen Eva , Serrano Gonçalo , Paepe Dominique , Bosmans Tim , de Rooster Hilde 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundThe aims of this study were to determine if extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (EHPSS) postoperative closure could be predicted based on preoperative blood analyses and to determine the accuracy of blood variables to evaluate persistence of portosystemic shunting postoperatively (multiple acquired portosystemic shunts (MAPSS) or persistent EHPSS).MethodsRetrospectively, 62 dogs treated surgically for congenital EHPSS that underwent postoperative trans‐splenic portal scintigraphy or CT angiography three to six months postoperatively were included.ResultsNone of the studied preoperative blood variables could unambiguously predict surgical outcome. Elevated postoperative fasting venous ammonia (FA) concentration always indicated surgical failure (persistent shunting or MAPSS), but normal FA did not provide any information on the postoperative shunting status. Paired serum bile acids (SBA) were not reliable enough to confirm or exclude postoperative shunting. In the presence of low normal postoperative FA levels, elevated preprandial SBA was more likely in dogs with persistent shunting (sensitivity of 0.79, specificity of 0.83), whereas postprandial SBA below reference limit was more often observed in case of surgical success (sensitivity of 0.93, specificity of 0.67).ConclusionBlood variables, and more specifically the combination of FA and SBA, are not a valuable alternative to advanced medical imaging to reliably assess the surgical outcome after EHPSS surgery.
Evaluating Policy and Legal Frameworks of Urban Green Infrastructure Development in Ethiopia
Authors: Molla Mikias Biazen , Ikporukpo C. O. , Olatubara C. O. 
Published: October 2019

Policy monitoring and evaluation are important elements of the policy cycle, this help to initiate policy-makers to assess the proper implementation and adjust it as appropriate. This paper aims to evaluate the existing policy, strategies, and institutional arrangement on the development of urban green infrastructure in the three study areas; namely Hawassa, Wolayita Sodo, and Bodity town. Analyzing policy documents, key informant interview, and questionnaire survey were used to collect the required data. Descriptive statistics and policy analysis were also used to analyze the collected data from different sources. The study revealed that different strategies and standards were developed by the federal government, but it is not practically exercised at the regional and local level. The majority of government officials and experts agreed that existing policies and strategies related to UGI is not properly implemented. On the other hand, lack of policy and strategies are the major limitation in the development and management of UGI. Almost majority of the respondents confirmed that weak institutional arrangement has contributed to the poor implementation of UGI development. Lack of attention and awareness, the weak institutional arrangement is the main responsible factors for the absence of proper policy and poor implementation of strategies concerning UGI. Thus, actions needed for all the development of proper policies and strategies to improve UGI development.
Epigenetic EGFR Gene Repression Confers Sensitivity to Therapeutic BRAFV600E Blockade in Colon Neuroendocrine Carcinomas
Authors: Capdevila Jaume , Arqués Oriol , Hernández Mora Jose Ramón , Matito Judit , Caratù Ginevra , Mancuso Francesco M. , Landolfi Stefania , Barriuso Jorge , Jimenez-Fonseca Paula , Lopez Lopez Carlos , Garcia-Carbonero Rocio , Hernando Jorge , Matos Ignacio , Paolo Nuciforo , Hernández-Losa Javier , Esteller Manel , Martínez-Cardús Anna , Tabernero Josep , Vivancos Ana , Palmer Héctor G. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
The limited knowledge of the molecular alterations that characterize poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas has limited the clinical development of targeted agents directed to driver mutations. Here we aim to identify new molecular targets in colon neuroendocrine carcinomas (co-NEC) and proof the efficacy of matching drugs.

Experimental Design:
We performed a multi-omic analysis of co-NEC to identify genetic or epigenetic alterations that could be exploited as effective drug targets. We compared co-NEC samples with colorectal carcinomas (CRC) to identify neuroendocrine-specific traits. Patients with co-NEC and patient-derived xenografts were treated with a BRAFV600E-blocking drug to demonstrate sensitivity.

Results:
co-NEC and CRC are similar in their mutational repertoire, although co-NECs are particularly enriched in BRAFV600E mutations. We report for the first time that V600EBRAF-mutant co-NECs may benefit from BRAF inhibition in monotherapy and how EGFR status is essential to predict innate sensitivity and acquired resistance by a differential methylation of its gene regulatory regions.

Conclusions:
The identification of V600E BRAF mutations in high-grade co-NECs has allowed the description of radiological responses to combination therapy of BRAF and MEK inhibitors in basket clinical trials. However, the molecular rationale for this treatment combination was based on the presence of the BRAF mutation and the efficacy observed in other cancer types such as melanoma. Future drug development in this setting should test BRAF inhibitors upfront and the addition of anti-EGFR antibodies instead of MEK inhibitors for an efficient blockade of acquired resistance.
DC UPS for Critical Loads
Authors: S Ganesh , Ghosh T Chiranjit , R Kokilasree , M Nandhakumar , Alim T Md Haroon 
Published: October 2019

<p>The usual way to avoid a computer shutdown during a mains failure is to connect an uninterruptible power supply system (UPS), which can be suitably modified and fitted inside the computer cabinet by the use of proposed methodology known as a dc UPS. Conventional desk top UPS systems store electricity in form of chemical energy in batteries and when ever mains fail the batteries provide DC power which is then converter to ac by inverter and then fed to the computer in order to save critical data. Thus power from mains or from UPS is fed to switched mode power supply unit which converts it to dc to supply the computer motherboard and accessories. Leaving the case of the computer powered by mains, duing power failure the dc power is unnecessarily converted to ac and then to dc again in SMPS hence high switching losses and heat is produced there by making the entire system very lowe efficient. In this work it is proposed to directly feed the dc power from the battery to the computer SMPS system by building a UPS arrangement within the computer system. This not noly saves space, it is highly efficient compared to the conventional ups system, easy to carry, low cost and reliable since there is no change over operation is required/. A complete design of an ac to dc power supply with an internal dc UPS is presented in this paper. . A prototype has been fully developed and tested as a PC power supply. Thus the result is achieved at full power about 6-8 minutes.</p>
Modelling Electronic Characteristic of InP/InGaAs Double Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor
Authors: Yamina Berrichi , Kherreddine Ghaffour 
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we are interested in studying InP/InGaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor NPN type. First and for most we should describe the structure of our simulation, then, we ploted at room temperature: Energy band diagram, Gummel plot, I<sub>C-</sub>V<sub>C</sub> characteristic and conduction bands for different values of V<sub>BE</sub>. The simulation of this structure has demonstrated the validity of our model and the method of the simulation.
Blind Signal Processing Algorithmsbased based on Recursive Gradient Estimation
Authors: Kim Namyong , Kang Mingoo 
Published: October 2019

Blind algorithms based on the Euclidean distance (ED) between the output distribution function and a set of Dirac delta functions have a heavy computational burden of due to some double summation operations for the sample size and symbol points. In this paper, a recursive approach to the estimation of the ED and its gradient is proposed to reduce the computational complexity for efficient implementation of the algorithm. The ED of the algorithm is comprised of information potentials (IPs), and the IPs at the next iteration can be calculated recursively based on the currently obtained IPs. Utilizing the recursively estimated IPs, the next step gradient for the weight update of the algorithm can be estimated recursively with the present gradient. With this recursive approach, the computational complexity of gradient calculation has only . The simulation results show that the proposed gradient estimation method holds significantly reduced computational complexity keeping the same performance as the block processing method
A Scalable Large Format Display Based on Zero Client Processor
Authors: Kim Sang Don , Lee Seung Eun 
Published: October 2019

This paper proposes zero client module that targets Large Format Display (LFD) system for display wall. Increased resolution in modern LFD requires a high bandwidth channel and a high performance display controller to transfer the image data to the monitor. The key idea is to use a Gagabit-Etherent communication based Daisy-Chain to transfer an image data. This communication supports sufficient bandwidth for image data transfer. As a result, we implement the LFD system using tha zero client module and LFDmonitors.
Handling Low and High Demand Mode on Safety Instrumented Function
Authors: R. Biyanto Totok , Kusuma Franky , Cordova Hendra , Sutatio Yerry , Bayuaji Ridho 
Published: October 2019

In this paper, demand rate and hazardous event frequency considerations which effect to the error on the SIL calculation will be discused. The various value of hazardous event frequency and demand rate will be evaluated in this paper. The result of this paper is when hazardous event frequency 10E-06/year and PFD’s safeguard 0.00002, with test interval 1 year, the SILs of low and high demand start showing different level at demand 5.1/year. At that point, we shouldn’t use simplified formula for low demand, because it will make different SIL with the exponential formula and simplified high demand formula. The requared SIL targets are SIL 2 and SIL 1, for exponential formula and simplified high demand formula, respectifely. Hence, it should be taken more attention and consideration for various value of hazardous event frequency with various demand rate.
Improved Learning Scheme for Cognitive Radio using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Mahajan Rita , Bagai Deepak 
Published: October 2019

<p>The future of wireless system is facing the problem of spectrum scarcity. Number of users is increasing rapidly but available spectrum is limited. The Cognitive Radio (CR) network technology can enable the unlicensed users to share the frequency spectrum with the licensed users on a dynamic basis without creating any interference to primary user. Whenever secondary user finds that primary user is not transmitting and channel is free then it uses channel opportunistically. In this paper cognitive radio with predictive capability using artificial neural network has been proposed. The advantage of such cognitive user is saving of time and energy for spectrum sensing. Proposed radio will sense only that channel which is predicted to be free and channel is selected on the basis of maximum vacant time. Performance has been evaluated in the term of mean square error. The results show that this learning capability can be embedded in secondary users for better performance of future wireless technologies. </p>
A Study on the Effect of Consumer Involvement and Affect Intensity before and after Plagiarism Suspicion on the Purchase Intention of Music Goods
Authors: Jo Jin-Wan , Shin Mi-Hae , Kim Young-Chul 
Published: October 2019

This study aims to examine the effect of consumers' involvement and affect intensity on the purchase intention of music items. In particular domestically, there is no clear standard for judgment of plagiarism, and thus it is expected that plagiarism suspicion is likely to affect consumers' involvement and affect intensity, and as a result, their purchase intention as well. Accordingly, consumer characteristics (involvement, affect intensity) were chosen as independent variables, and consumers' purchase intention on music items as a subordinate variable, respectively. The first questionnaire-based survey was conducted before the awareness of plagiarism suspicion, followed by the second survey after the awareness of plagiarism suspicion. It turned out that the higher level of involvement and affect intensity, both of which are consumer characteristics, the higher level of purchase intention of music goods. While plagiarism suspicion caused C.R values to decrease in every item, a significant difference was observed only in the relation of ‘involvement - purchase intention’. This study shows that music items which involve plagiarism suspicion result in changes in consumers' purchase intention, which will cause damage to the creators and performers of related music items. Thus, for the development of the music industry and creative activity, tools and standards that can clearly distinguish plagiarism need to be developed.
A cognitive approach for evaluating the usability of Storage as a Service in Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Roy Sharmistha , Pattnaik Prasant Kumar , Mall Rajib 
Published: October 2019

Cloud computing is a style of computing which thrives users requirements by delivering scalable, on-demand and pay-per-use IT services. It offers different service models, out of which Storage as a Service (StaaS) is the fundamental block of Infrastructure cloud that fulfills user’s excess demand of elastic computing resources. But considering the competitive business scenario choosing the best cloud storage provider is a difficult task. Thus, usability is considered to be the key performance indicator which evaluates the better cloud storage based on user’s satisfaction. This paper aims to focus on the usability evaluation of StaaS providers namely Google drive, Drop box and One drive. This paper proposed a fuzzy based AHP model for measuring user satisfaction. Usability evaluation is carried out based on user feedback through Interview and Questionnaire method. Analysis of user feedback is done based on the fuzzy approach in order to remove vaguness. Whereas, AHP model is used for measuring satisfaction degree of the different cloud storage services and it solves the problem of selecting best cloud storage.