bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The fly liquid-food electroshock assay (FLEA) reveals opposite roles for neuropeptide F in avoidance of bitterness and shock
Authors: Mishra Puskar , Yang Shany E. , Montgomery Austin B. , Reed Addison R. , Rodan Aylin R. , Rothenfluh Adrian 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTProper regulation of feeding is important for an organism’s well-being and survival. Food intake inDrosophilacan be determined in a number of ways, including by measuring the time a fly’s proboscis interacts with a food source in the fly liquid-food interaction counter (FLIC). Here, we show that electrical current flowing through flies during this interaction is aversive and leads to a reduction in food intake. Based on the FLIC, we engineer a novel assay, the fly liquid-food electroshock assay (FLEA), which allows for current adjustments for each feeding well. Using the FLEA, we show that both external incentives as well as internal motivational state can serve as drivers for flies to overcome higher current (electric shock) to obtain superior food. Unlike similar assays in which bitterness is the aversive stimulus for the fly to overcome, we show that current perception is not discounted as flies become more food-deprived. The FLEA is therefore a novel assay to accurately measure incentive motivation inDrosophila.Using the FLEA, we also show that neuropeptide F is required for proper perception or processing of an electroshock, a novel function for this neuropeptide involved in processing of external and internal stimuli.Significance StatementMany neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression or addiction, are associated with alterations in motivated behavior. Assays measuring incentive motivation determine how driven an organism is to attain a goal, like food, or how attractive an incentive is. These tests require the animal to put effort into obtaining the reward, which can include physical work or overcoming an aversive stimulus. Such assays forDrosophilafeeding have relied on flies overcoming bitterness to obtain their food. However, the perception of bitterness is discounted as flies become food deprived, confounding the interpretation. Here, we developed a novel assay that does not suffer from the same shortcomings and thus allows for more accurate assessments of incentive motivation in this widely used model organism.
HDAC6 Regulates Radiosensitivity of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Promoting Degradation of Chk1
Authors: Moses Niko , Zhang Mu , Wu Jheng-Yu , Hu Chen , Xiang Shengyan , Malysa Agnes , Jang Hyejeong , Chen Wei , Bai Wenlong , Bepler Gerold , Zhang Xiaohong Mary 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTWe previously discovered that HDAC6 regulates the DNA damage response via modulating the homeostasis of a DNA mismatch repair protein, MSH2, through HDAC6’s ubiquitin E3 ligase activity. Here, we have reported HDAC6’s second E3 ligase substrate, a critical cell cycle checkpoint protein, Chk1. We have found that HDAC6 and Chk1 directly interact, and that HDAC6 ubiquitinates Chk1in vivo. Typical Chk1 protein levels fluctuate, peaking at G2 and subsequently resolving via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. However, in HDAC6 knockdown cells, Chk1 is constitutively active and fails to resolve post-ionizing radiation (IR), leading to increased radiation sensitivity. Upon IR treatment, a greater proportion of HDAC6 knockdown cells accumulated at G2/M phase when compared with control cells. Depletion or inhibition of Chk1 in HDAC6 knockdown cells renders those cells radiosensitive, suggesting that persistently high level of Chk1 could lead cells to arrest at G2/M phase and eventually, apoptosis. Clinically, we found that high levels of phosphorylated Chk1 (p-Ser317) are associated with a better overall survival in a cohort of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, suggesting a link between active Chk1 and lung cancer development. Overall, our results highlight a novel mechanism of Chk1 regulation at the protein level, and a possible strategy for sensitizing NSCLC to radiation via inhibiting the activity of HDAC6’s E3 ligase.
Correlating nuclear morphology and external force with combined atomic force microscopy and light sheet imaging separates roles of chromatin and lamin A/C in nuclear mechanics
Authors: Hobson Chad M. , Kern Megan , O’Brien E. Timothy , Stephens Andrew D. , Falvo Michael R. , Superfine Richard 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNuclei are constantly under external stress – be it during migration through tight constrictions or compressive pressure by the actin cap – and the mechanical properties of nuclei govern their subsequent deformations. Both altered mechanical properties of nuclei and abnormal nuclear morphologies are hallmarks of a variety of disease states. Little work, however, has been done to link specific changes in nuclear shape to external forces. Here, we utilize a combined atomic force microscope and light sheet microscope (AFM-LS) to show SKOV3 nuclei exhibit a two-regime force response that correlates with changes in nuclear volume and surface area, allowing us to develop an empirical model of nuclear deformation. Our technique further decouples the roles of chromatin and lamin A/C in compression, showing they separately resist changes in nuclear volume and surface area respectively; this insight was not previously accessible by Hertzian analysis. A two-material finite element model supports our conclusions. We also observed that chromatin decompaction leads to lower nuclear curvature under compression, which is important for maintaining nuclear compartmentalization and function. The demonstrated link between specific types of nuclear morphological change and applied force will allow researchers to better understand the stress on nuclei throughout various biological processes.
Mapping short reads, faithfully
Authors: Zorita Eduard Valera , Cortini Ruggero , Filion Guillaume J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMapping is the process of finding the original location of a DNA read in a reference sequence, typically a genome. Short read mappers are software tools used in most applications that involve high-throughput sequencing. As such, they must be continuously improved to keep up with increasing needs. Modern mappers rely on seeding heuristics, making them fast but inexact. For lack of a method to compute the reliability of their own output, mappers have so far used approximations of variable quality. Here we focus on faithfulness, the capacity to provide accurate mapping confidence, and we devise a strategy to map short reads faithfully. The key is to estimate the repetitiveness of the target reference, which is the dominant factor for the reliability of the mapping process. This approach highlights the existence of a class of reads that can be mapped with unprecedented confidence. We exploit this strategy in a prototype mapper that is competitive with state-of-the-art mappers BWA-MEM and Bowtie2, with the benefit of faithfulness. The software is open-source and available for download athttps://github.com/gui11aume/mmp.
Recent bloom of filamentous algae in Lake Baikal is caused bySpirogyraLink., 1820 of local origin
Authors: Mincheva Elena , Peretolchina Tatiana , Triboy Tatyana , Bukin Yrij , Kravtsova Luybov , Fedotov Andrey , Sherbakov Dmitry 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMolecular phylogeny inferred fromrbcL nucleotide sequences obtained from the single sterile filaments of green algae collected around the perimeter of Lake Baikal indicates the polyphyletic origin of the representatives of genusSpirogyraLink., 1820 inhabiting the lake. The common ancestor of all Baikal Spirogyra dates back at least to 20 MYA. This roughly coincides with the age of continuously existing freshwater body in the confines of current Baikal. The descendants of this node include both Baikal and non-Baikal species and thus suggesting a complex history of multiple emigrations and immigrations. There is at least one major lineage of the BaikalSpirogyrain the phylogeny descending uninterruptedly from the common ancestor of allSpirogyraspecies found so far in the lake. The likely explanation is its permanent presence in the ecosystem. All this allows us to hypothesize that the current bloom is a spectacular but natural response of the Baikal ecosystem to the increased pollution.
Modelling phase imperfections in compound refractive lenses
Authors: Celestre Rafael , Berujon Sebastien , Roth Thomas , Sanchez del Rio Manuel , Barrett Raymond 
Published: February 2020

A framework based on physical optics for simulating the effect of imperfect compound refractive lenses (CRLs) upon an X-ray beam is described, taking into account measured phase errors obtained from at-wavelength metrology. A CRL stack is modelled, with increasing complexity, as a single thin phase element, then as a more realistic compound element including absorption and thickness effects, and finally adding realistic optical imperfections to the CRL. Coherent and partially coherent simulations using Synchrotron Radiation Workshop (SRW) are used to evaluate the different models, the effects of the phase errors and to check the validity of the design equations and suitability of the figures of merit.
Putting employees at the centre of sustainable HRM: a review, map and research agenda
Authors: Richards James 
Published: February 2020

PurposeCurrently, sustainable HRM is largely an employer-driven exercise based on raising employee productivity. The purpose of the article is to expand this position by fully mapping out sustainable HRM and placing employees at the centre of such practices. A further purpose is to provide a research agenda suited to a wider take on sustainable HRM.Design/methodology/approachThe article centres on an analytical review of extant sustainable HRM literature, plus an analytical review of wider literature considering further ways to sustain employment.FindingsEmployee-centred sustainable HRM goes far beyond what is accounted for in the extant HRM literature. The new map accounts for wider parties to sustainable HRM, including trade unions and self-organised employees. An extensive research agenda is a further key output from the study.Research limitations/implicationsThe article is based on a literature review. Follow-up empirical research is required to test out aspects of the new map, as well as address research gaps identified by the review.Practical implicationsThe findings have practical implications for HRM and occupational health practitioners, line managers, built environment and ergonomics specialists, governments, trade unions and workplace activists. A key practical implication is the potential to create micro-forms of corporatism, where wider political structures are absent, to foster employee-centred forms of sustainable HRM.Originality/valueThe article is novel in terms of drawing on a wide range of incongruous literature and synthesising the literature into a new map and an extensive research agenda.
Managerial skills and performance in small businesses: the mediating role of organizational climate
Authors: Mehralian Gholamhossein , Peikanpour Mohammad , Rangchian Maryam , Aghakhani Hamed 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual model to determine whether organizational climate (OC) mediates the effect of managerial skills (MSs) on business performance in small businesses, such as pharmacies.Design/methodology/approachThe model proposed in this research was tested using separate questionnaires specifically designed for managers, employees and clients. The data set consists of responses from 301 managers, 470 clients and 328 employees from community pharmacies in Tehran, capital of Iran, which were analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsAlthough the results indicated no significant direct relationship between MSs and pharmacy performance (PP), they also confirmed that having a context-appropriate set of MSs can positively affect PP via the mediating effect of OC.Originality/valueThis is the first study investigating how MSs improve performance in retail pharmacies. Although this research focuses specifically on small businesses in the pharmaceutical industry, it nevertheless contributes to the literature by showing the importance of OC.
The platform economy as a working opportunity for older people
Authors: Berde Éva , Tőkés László 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show that gig jobs could be considered an alternative way, albeit not the very best, to give work opportunities to older people. This could offset the continuously decreasing income from the pay-as-you-go pension system, which remains the main source of income for older Hungarians.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews the most important aspects of employment of older people and highlights the digital divide which still restricts their participation in the labor market. The paper analyzes data from the Hungarian carpooling company Oszkár and compares it with official statistical data from the Hungarian labor market, focusing on the dynamics of the employment of older persons.FindingsThe findings show that the alienation of older workers from the gig economy is just transitory, and that an increasing proportion of older gig workers can be anticipated.Research limitations/implicationsCompiling data on the gig economy faces a number of obstacles, as enterprises are disincentivized from revealing all their data.Social implicationsOlder people are more likely to be employed in lower-quality jobs, such as own-account self-employed. They are also increasingly more likely to become gig workers.Originality/valueThe paper articulates the importance of remaining active as one ages and moreover challenges the traditional belief that gig jobs mainly offer opportunities to the younger generations.
Contraceptive discontinuation in Egypt as fertility returns to its 2000 level
Authors: Khalifa Mona , Hussein Wafaa Abdel Aziz , Metwally Soha 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The similarity of family planning (FP) indicators from EDHS2014 to that of EDHS2000 is alarming for policymakers and researchers who consider it as an echo of the past and a threat, which the FP programme has to face to prevent its progression. In 2000, the total fertility rate (TFR) was 3.5, the contraceptive prevalence rate was 56.1% and the discontinuation rate was 29.5%. In 2014, these indicators were 3.5, 58.5 and 30.1%, respectively. Although the change in the all method discontinuation rate is not large, it is a result of great changes in the method specific discontinuation rates, which was masked by changes in the contraceptive method mix. This study aims to present a comparison between contraceptive discontinuation rates in 2000, 2008 and 2014, discuss the reasons for discontinuation by methods and background characteristics of women and calculate the impact of eliminating discontinuation for reasons related to method and service provision on fertility.

Design/methodology/approach
Single/multiple decrement life tables were applied to the calendar data of the EDHS2008 and EDHS2014, to examine various net rates of contraceptive discontinuation by reasons and the status after discontinuation. The TFR estimated in the absence of method failure and abandonment while in need of births occurred within 24 months after discontinuation using installed Stata command tfr2.

Findings
The study estimates the impact of discontinuation on the TFR in 2014 to be an increase of about 20%. The TFR of 3.5 would have been only 2.8 if discontinuation due to method failure and method/service-related reasons were eliminated. Improvement regarding discontinuation behaviour is evident by increased switching, from 43.6 to 54.3% and the drop in the proportion of abandoning use while in need from 56.4 to 45.7%. Differentials suggest that discontinuation is expected to increase among vulnerable groups as desired fertility continues to rise. The increase in the share of “desire to become pregnant” – as a reason for discontinuation is a recent trend observed during the period between EDHS2008 and EDHS2014 and is recognised as a challenge by the national population strategy.

Originality/value
This study confirms that contraceptive discontinuation is an important part of the overall fertility increase observed by EDHS2014. The rising trend of increased desired family size and the shift away from using the intra uterine device may be considered as major challenges facing the FP programme in Egypt.
Product design matters, but is it enough? Consumers’ responses to product design and environment congruence
Authors: Naderi Ehsan , Naderi Iman , Balakrishnan Bimal 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the combined effects of product design and environment congruence on consumers’ aesthetic, affective and behavioral responses.

Design/methodology/approach
Two lab experiments with a 2 (high-level design cues vs low-level design cues) × 2 (congruent environment vs non-congruent environment) between-subjects design were conducted to test the hypotheses. The experimental stimuli (product: digital camera; environment: product display in a retail environment) were presented in a 3D simulation environment using a large TV (Experiment 1) and a stereoscopic virtual reality headset.

Findings
The results support the notion that product design cues elicit more positive aesthetic and affective responses. Environment congruence, on the other hand, plays a moderating role; product design cues elicit more favorable consumer responses in a congruent environment. In contrast, no such effect was found in a non-congruent environment.

Practical implications
Creating a congruent environment is only effective for well-designed products. In contrast, for products with low-level design elements, the congruence of promotional environment is not instrumental and may not elicit more favorable responses. Hence, such products can simply be presented in a generic display, especially considering the significant costs associated with designing, building and setting up a congruent display.

Originality/value
Despite the empirical findings supporting the significant role of product design and environment congruence on consumers’ perceptual and behavioral responses, there is a paucity of research on the combined effect of these two factors. The present investigation is an attempt to fill this gap and challenges the generalizations made in previous research suggesting that a product’s environment must be aligned with the design elements embedded in the product.
Authentic leadership and meaningfulness at work
Authors: Chaudhary Richa 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis study aims to examine whether, how, and when authentic leadership shapes followers' perceptions of meaningfulness at work. Using authentic leadership theory, we posit that authentic leadership leads to more favorable perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), which, in turn, results in enhanced experiences of meaningfulness at work. In addition to studying authentic leadership as a driver of CSR perceptions, and hence meaningfulness, we also examine if followers' attributions of self-centered motives to organizational engagement in CSR moderates the above relationship.Design/methodology/approachIn all, 368 employees from Indian IT industry participated in the survey. Data were analyzed usingProcess(Hayes 2013) in SPSS.FindingsResults supported the hypothesized moderated mediation model by revealing that attribution of self-centered motives undermines the positive impact of authentic leadership on CSR perceptions, and, subsequently, meaningfulness.Practical implicationsBy presenting CSR as a source of meaningfulness at work, this study establishes CSR as an important tool for fostering employee well-being. The internal corporate communication should emphasize how CSR activities of the organization represent core organizational values and organization’s genuine concern for the society.Originality/valueThe study adds to the leadership literature and integrates it with a divergent discipline of CSR by signifying the role of authentic leadership in the CSR process. By presenting a refined analysis of CSR in a developing country, this research expands the understanding of the expression of CSR in markets outside the developed core.
Additively manufactured textiles and parametric modelling by generative algorithms in orthopaedic applications
Authors: Ricotta Vito , Campbell Robert Ian , Ingrassia Tommaso , Nigrelli Vincenzo 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to implement a new process aimed at the design and production of orthopaedic devices fully manufacturable by additive manufacturing (AM). In this context, the use of generative algorithms for parametric modelling of additively manufactured textiles (AMTs) also has been investigated, and new modelling solutions have been proposed.

Design/methodology/approach
A new method for the design of customised elbow orthoses has been implemented. In particular, to better customise the elbow orthosis, a generative algorithm for parametric modelling and creation of a flexible structure, typical of an AMT, has been developed.

Findings
To test the developed modelling algorithm, a case study based on the design and production of an elbow orthosis made by selective laser sintering was investigated. The obtained results have demonstrated that the implemented algorithm overcomes many drawbacks typical of the traditional computer aided design (CAD) modelling approaches. The parametric CAD model of the orthosis obtained through the new approach is characterised by a flexible structure with no deformations or mismatches and has been effectively used to produce the prototype through AM technologies.

Originality/value
The obtained results present innovative elements of originality in the CAD modelling sector, which can contribute to solving problems related to modelling for AM in different application fields.
The history of academic research in marketing and its implications for the future
Authors: Ratchford Brian T. 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to determine what the history of research in marketing implies for the reaction of the field to recent developments in technology due to the internet and associated developments.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper examines the introduction of new research topics over 10-year intervals from 1960 to the present. These provide the basic body of knowledge that drives the field at the present time.

Findings
While researchers have always borrowed techniques, they have refined them to make them applicable to marketing problems. Moreover, the field has always responded to new developments in technology, such as more powerful computers, scanners and scanner data, and the internet with a flurry of research that applies the technologies.

Research limitations/implications
Marketing will adapt to changes brought on by the internet, increased computer power and big data. While the field faces competition for other disciplines, its established body of knowledge about solving marketing problems gives it a unique advantage.

Originality/value
This paper traces the history of academic marketing from 1960 to the present to show how major changes in the field responded to changes in computer power and technology. It also derives implications for the future from this analysis.