bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disturbed Sleep Connects Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Somatization: A Network Analysis Approach
Authors: Astill Wright Laurence , Roberts Neil P. , Barawi Kali , Simon Natalie , Zammit Stanley , McElroy Eoin , Bisson Jonathan I. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and physical health problems, particularly somatic symptom disorder, are highly comorbid. Studies have only examined this co‐occurrence at the disorder level rather than assessing the associations between specific symptoms. Using network analysis to identify symptoms that act as bridges between these disorders may allow for the development of interventions to specifically target this comorbidity. We examined the association between somatization and PTSD symptoms via network analysis. This included 349 trauma‐exposed individuals recruited through the National Centre for Mental Health PTSD cohort who completed the Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale for DSM‐5 and the Patient Health Questionnaire–15. A total of 215 (61.6%) individuals met the DSM‐5 diagnostic criteria for PTSD. An exploratory graph analysis identified four clusters of densely connected symptoms within the overall network: PTSD, chronic pain, gastrointestinal issues, and more general somatic complaints. Sleep difficulties played a key role in bridging PTSD and somatic symptoms. Our network analysis demonstrates the distinct nature of PTSD and somatization symptoms, with this association connected by disturbed sleep.
Point‐of‐Care Ultrasound Use and Monetary Outcomes in a Single‐Payer Health Care Setting
Authors: Rusiecki Daniel , Douglas Stuart L. , Bell Colin 
Published: November 2020

ObjectivesPoint‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) is a widely used diagnostic modality in the emergency physician's tool kit. The effect on health care costs is disputed. This study examined whether POCUS was associated with system‐level cost savings. Secondary objectives included adverse patient outcomes and the association between POCUS use and diagnostic costs in specific patient groups.MethodsThe Point‐of‐Care Ultrasound Use and Monetary Outcomes study was a single‐center prospective observational study. A convenience sample of emergency medicine physicians working from July to October 2019 were included after using POCUS as part of their assessment. The cost of patient investigations was compared with those proposed by a control group of physicians simultaneously on shift, who were blinded to the POCUS findings. Ethical approval was obtained from the Queen's University Health Sciences Research Ethics Board.ResultsFifty patient assessments using POCUS were included. Overall, the median investigation cost in United States dollars in the POCUS group was $102.00 (interquartile range [IQR], $39.80–$167.90) versus $122.40 (IQR, $70.96–$175.60) in controls (P = .08). When stratified by disposition, POCUS use in patients discharged home resulted in a median expenditure of $71.80 (IQR, $36.48–$116.70) versus $122.70 (IQR, $71.18–$183.20; P < .001). Significant cost savings were also found in flank pain presentations (median, $138.90; IQR, $136.60–$186.10; P = .01). There were no differences in the quantity of investigations ordered, the patient emergency department repeated presentation rate, or safety outcomes at 7 days.ConclusionsPoint‐of‐care ultrasound use was not associated with significant cost savings in our overall population. The subgroup analysis revealed significant POCUS‐associated cost savings in patients discharged home and those presenting with flank pain. Notably, POCUS was not associated with an increase in adverse patient safety outcomes.
Mood and well‐being of novice open water swimmers and controls during an introductory outdoor swimming programme: A feasibility study
Authors: Massey Heather , Kandala Ngianga , Davis Candice , Harper Mark , Gorczynski Paul , Denton Hannah 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundAnecdotal evidence suggests that outdoor swimming can improve mood. This feasibility study examined the mood and well‐being in participants attending an outdoor swimming course.MethodsProfile of Mood States and Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well‐being Scale questionnaires were completed by participants on a 10‐week introductory outdoor swimming course (61 swimmers) and 22 controls who sat on the beach. Questionnaires were completed before and after three sessions: the first session (pool based), their first outdoor swim (session 4) and their final outdoor swim (session 10).ResultsSwimmers reported acute increases in positive subscales (Esteem and Vigour, P < .001) and reductions in negative subscales (Tension, Anger, Depression, and Confusion and Total Mood Disturbance [TMD], P < .001, d = 1.1–1.7). TMD was also reduced between sessions (P < .001, d = 0.08). Well‐being also increased during the course in swimmers (P < .001, d = 3.7) and controls (P = .019, d = 0.2). Greater reductions in TMD (P < .001, d = 0.8–2.5) and increases in well‐being were observed in swimmers than controls (P = .034, r = .23).ConclusionsNovice outdoor swimmers participating in a 10‐week introductory outdoor swimming course had acute and chronic reductions in negative mood, increases in well‐being and acute increases in positive mood. Controls mood scores fluctuated and were similar at the start and end of the course, whereas well‐being scores improved by the final session. Tension scores peaked in both swimmers and controls immediately before the first outdoor swim. Nonetheless the swimmers’ improvement in mood and well‐being scores was significantly greater than that of the controls. The nature of the study does not provide mechanistic understanding; there are likely to be a number of explanations (physiological, psychological and sociological) for the changes in mood and well‐being in swimmers and controls that can be investigated further.
A novel BRCA2 splice variant identified in a young woman
Authors: Nicolussi Arianna , Belardinilli Francesca , Ottini Laura , Petroni Marialaura , Capalbo Carlo , Giannini Giuseppe , Coppa Anna 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundBRCA1/2 VUSs represent an important clinical issue in risk assessment for the breast/ovarian cancer families (HBOC) families. Among them, some occurring within the intron‐exon boundary may lead to aberrant splicing process by altering or creating de novo splicing regulatory elements or unmasking cryptic splice site. Defining the impact of these potential splice variants at functional level is important to establish their pathogenic role.MethodsGenomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood sample of a young woman affected with breast cancer belonging to a HBOC family and the entire coding regions of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes were amplified using the Ion AmpliSeq BRCA1 and BRCA2 Panel. The BRCA2 c.682‐2delA variant has been characterized by RT‐PCR analysis performed on mRNA extracted from blood and lymphoblastoid cell line.ResultsWe demonstrated that a novel BRCA2 c.682‐2delA variant at the highly conserved splice consensus site in intron 8 disrupts the canonical splice acceptor site generating a truncated protein as predicted by several bioinformatics tools. Segregations analysis in the family and LOH performed on proband breast cancer tissue further confirmed its classification as pathogenic variant.ConclusionCombining different methodologies, we characterized this new BRCA2 variant and provided findings of clinical utility for its classification as pathogenic variant.
DYRK1A pathogenic variants in two patients with syndromic intellectual disability and a review of the literature
Authors: Meissner Laura E. , Macnamara Ellen F. , D'Souza Precilla , Yang John , Vezina Gilbert ,   Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Ferreira Carlos R. , Zein Wadih M. , Tifft Cynthia J. , Adams David R. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundDYRK1A‐Related Intellectual Disability Syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by intellectual disability, speech and language delays, microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, and feeding difficulties. Affected individuals represent simplex cases that result from de novo heterozygous pathogenic variants in DYRK1A (OMIM 614104), or chromosomal structural rearrangements involving the DYRK1A locus. Due to the rarity of DYRK1A‐Related Intellectual Disability Syndrome, the spectrum of symptoms associated with this disease has not been completely defined.Methods and resultsWe present two unrelated cases of DYRK1A‐Related Intellectual Disability Syndrome resulting from variants in DYRK1A. Both probands presented to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) with multiple dysmorphic facial features, primary microcephaly, absent or minimal speech, feeding difficulties, and cognitive impairment; features that have been previously reported in individuals with DYRK1A. During NIH evaluation, additional features of enlarged cerebral subarachnoid spaces, retinal vascular tortuosity, and bilateral anomalous large optic discs with increased cup‐to‐disc ratio were identified in the first proband and multiple ophthalmologic abnormalities and sensorineural hearing loss were identified in the second proband.ConclusionWe recommend that the workup of future of patients include a comprehensive eye exam. Early establishment of physical, occupational, and speech therapy may help in the management of ataxia, hypertonia, and speech impairments common in these patients.
A compact wideband four‐arm spiral antenna with dual modes
Authors: Chang Lei , Chen Ling‐Lu , Chen Zhuang‐Zhi , Zhang Jian‐Qiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA compact wideband four‐arm circularly polarized (CP) spiral antenna with both sum mode (1) and difference mode (2) is presented. The antenna is composed of a modified four‐arm equiangular spiral, a four‐arm z‐directional helix, a ring‐shaped absorber, and a ground plane. By using the modified equiangular spiral and the z‐directional helix, the impedance matching of mode 1 and mode 2 is improved, and the cross‐polarization discrimination of mode 2 is also improved in the low frequency band. The z‐directional helix is also applied to achieve a compact size of the antenna and an enhanced AR bandwidth of mode 2. A prototype of the four‐arm spiral antenna is fabricated and measured with a beamformer operating at 0.5 to 2 GHz. It is shown that both sum and difference radiation patterns are generated in the whole frequency band of 0.5 to 2 GHz. The overall size is 0.486λ0.5 GHz × 0.097λ0.5 GHz (diameter × height, λ0.5 GHz is the free‐space wavelength at 0.5 GHz).
CO2 Capture in Ionic Liquids Based on Amino Acid Anions With Protic Side Chains: a Computational Assessment of Kinetically Efficient Reaction Mechanisms
Authors: Onofri Stefano , Adenusi Henry , Le Donne Andrea , Bodo Enrico 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAbsorption and capture of CO2 directly from sources represents one of the major tools to reduce its emission in the troposphere. One of the possibilities is to incorporate CO2 inside a liquid exploiting its propensity to react with amino groups to yield carbamic acid or carbamates. A particular class of ionic liquids, based on amino acids, appear to represent a possible efficient medium for CO2 capture because, at difference with current industrial setups, they have the appeal of a biocompatible and environmentally benign solution. We have investigated, by means of highly accurate computations, the feasibility of the reaction that incorporates CO2 in an amino acid anion with a protic side chain and ultimately transforms it into a carbamate derivative. Through an extensive exploration of the possible reaction mechanisms, we have found that different prototypes of amino acid anions present barrierless reaction mechanisms toward CO2 absorption.
Tensile failure prediction of a short fiber or particle composite
Authors: Huang Hong‐Bo , Huang Zheng‐Ming 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAs any failure of a short fiber reinforced composite (SFRC) is caused by a matrix failure, an accurate prediction of the latter is fundamentally important. This is achievable only when the matrix homogenized stresses are converted into true values. The conversion is made by multiplying the homogenized stresses with matrix stress concentration factors (SCFs) in the composite. Only a longitudinal SCF of the matrix in the SFRC needs to be determined, because all of the other directional SCFs are the same as those in a continuous fiber composite already available. In this paper, the longitudinal tensile SCF of the matrix is obtained in terms of the matrix stress field calculated through a finite element approach. The thus obtained SCF is valid for any fiber aspect ratio. The predicted strengths of several uniaxial short fiber composites and (0/±60)s laminate subjected to longitudinal tension agree well with the available experiments.
Excess semiannual variation in historical temperature records
Authors: Song Yunxiang , Lawlor Kyle B. , Witten Thomas A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe annual temperature cycle of the Earth closely follows the annual cycle of solar flux. At temperate latitudes, both driving and response cycles are well described by a strong annual sinusoidal component and a nonvanishing semiannual component. A new analysis of historical weather station records from the United States determines persistent annual and semiannual variation with high precision. Historical annual temperature ranges are consistent with prior studies. Semiannual temperature cycles are much stronger than expected based on the semiannual solar driving. Instead, these cycles were consistent with multiplicative effects of two annual cycles. Our methods provide a quantitative window into the climate's nonlinear response to solar driving, which is of potential value in testing climate models.
The influence of the coastal plain on the downstream material fluxes from a small coastal mountainous river basin
Authors: Molisani Mauricio Mussi , Machado Anandra , de Farias Roberto Nascimento , de Souza Michael Douglas Peçanha , Isacksson Paula Sigilião , de Assis Esteves Francisco 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSmall mountainous coastal basins display steeper gradients, suggesting intensified river transport. However, there is little information about downstream trends in rivers with low discharge and material fluxes across coastal plains and its influence on land‐sea material transport. This study examined 2 years of river discharge, suspended sediment and nutrient concentrations, fluxes and yields from upstream to the upper estuary of a typical South‐east Atlantic Basin. This study provides data about the material retention capacity of the coastal plain. The results indicated that the coastal plain did not affect nutrient concentrations, but reduced turbidity, inducing chlorophyll a and consequently primary productivity in the lower river basin and upper estuary. The coastal plain attenuated the increasing downstream material fluxes, but also curbed suspended sediment and TN fluxes, across the lower river/upper estuary. In contrast, TP and PO43− fluxes increased sharply across the coastal plain. This was influenced by natural and anthropogenic P inputs from soils and run‐off to the river channel. These exceeded the retention capacity of the coastal plain and result in a high export efficiency of this nutrient to the sea.
An improved time support estimation method for overlapping automatic dependent surveillance‐broadcast signals in low signal‐to‐noise ratio region
Authors: Ren Peng , Wang Jianxin , Zhang Peixin , Tian Da 
Published: November 2020

SummaryIn the satellite‐based application, due to the low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of received signals, it is highly difficult to estimate the time support of overlapping automatic dependent surveillance‐broadcast (ADS‐B) signals, resulting in the failure of many separation algorithms. Besides, it is troublesome to determine the detection threshold for unknown noise variance. In this paper, we first present three estimation methods of noise variance based on eigenvalue decomposition, which are suitable for constant and slowly varying noise variance, respectively. The proposed time support estimation is therefore of constant false alarm rate property. Moreover, according to the characteristic of ADS‐B signals, we design a matched filter and propose two estimation schemes of direct form and indirect form, which significantly improves the estimation accuracy and detection probability. Finally, in combination of the well‐known projection algorithm (PA), it is concluded that with the proposed estimation method, PA exhibits a satisfactory separation performance at low SNRs.
Ni17W3–W Interconnected Hybrid Prepared by Atmosphere‐ and Thermal‐Induced Phase Separation for Efficient Electrocatalysis of Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Li Yong‐Ke , Zhang Geng , Huang He , Lu Wang‐Ting , Cao Fei‐Fei , Shao Zhi‐Gang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe development of efficient and stable noble‐metal‐free electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media is still a challenge. Herein, a hybrid material formed by the interconnection of Ni17W3 intermetallic compound with metallic W is demonstrated for HER. The Ni17W3–W hybrid is prepared by the atmosphere‐ and thermal‐induced phase‐separation strategy from a single‐phase precursor (NiWO4), which gives Ni17W3–W hybrid abundant and tight interfaces. The theoretical calculation manifests that Ni17W3 shows more optimized energetics for adsorbed H atom, while W has lower energy barrier for water dissociation, and the synergistic effect between them is believed to facilitate the HER kinetics. Moreover, Ni17W3 presents a proper adsorption strength for both adsorbed OH and H, and thus Ni17W3 may also act as a high HER catalyst by itself. As a result, the Ni17W3–W hybrid demonstrates high activity and durability for HER in liquid alkaline electrolyte; the electrolyzer assembled by Ni17W3–W hybrid and Ni–Fe‐layered double hydroxide (LDH) as, respectively, the cathode and anode electrocatalysts presents superior performance to Pt/C–IrO2 benchmark. In addition, the Ni17W3–W hybrid also works well in the water electrolyzer based on solid hydroxide exchange membrane. The present work provides a promising pathway to the design of high‐performance electrocatalysts.
Anisotropic Assembly of Nanocrystal/Molecular Hierarchical Superlattices Decoding from Tris‐Amide Triarylamines Supramolecular Networks
Authors: Zhang Fenghua , Yang Fei , Gong Yanjun , Wei Yanze , Yang Yanzhao , Wei Jingjing , Yang Zhijie , Pileni Marie‐Paule 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDirected assembly of nanocrystals from conventional templates suffers from poor control over the periodicity of the nanocrystal assembly, which is largely due to the fact that the template exists prior to the assembly and is not generally adaptive. Herein, small organic molecules (tris‐amide triarylamines, TATA) are demonstrated as conceptual templates from self‐assembly through noncovalent interactions. The as‐formed supramolecular structures with terminated alkyl chains, resembling the structure of as‐synthesized nanocrystals capped with alkyl chains, are able to interact with nanocrystals through van der Waals attractive forces, thereby enabling directed assembly of nanocrystals into ordered superlattices. Specifically, it is found that, as determined by the substituted alkyl chains of TATA, either H or J‐aggregates of TATA can be achieved, which eventually produce several distinct supramolecular structures, from rods to spindles, to rings, and to spheres, serving as on‐pathway intermediate that directs the assembly of nanocrystals into diverse nanocrystal superlattices. The approach described can be applicable to produce ordered nanocrystal assemblies of a wide range of nanocrystals, independent of size and shape and without ligand exchange process. Strikingly, a helical TATA stacking can direct assembly of binary nanocrystal mixtures into NaZn13 binary superhelix.
Identification and fine‐mapping of RppCML496, a major QTL for resistance to Puccinia polysora in maize
Authors: Lv Meng , Deng Ce , Li Xueying , Zhao Xiaodi , Li Huimin , Li Zhimin , Tian Zhiqiang , Leonard April , Jaqueth Jennifer , Li Bailin , Hao Junjie , Chang Yuxiao , Ding Junqiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSouthern corn rust (SCR), which is caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia polysora Underw, is a prevalent foliar disease in maize. Breeding for resistant cultivars is a desirable way for the efficient control of this disease. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for conferring resistance to SCR, a recombinant inbred population including 138 lines (RILs) derived from the SCR‐resistant line CML496 and susceptible line Lx9801 was evaluated for phenotypic reaction to SCR in three trials in two locations over 2 years. The population was genotyped with the maize 9.4K SNP Genotyping Array marker platform. A total of 3 QTL were mapped on chromosomes 6, 9 and 10, respectively. One major QTL on chromosome 10 (bin 10.00/10.01), RppCML496, was consistently detected across environments, which explained 43–78% of the total phenotypic variation. Using a fine mapping strategy, we delimited RppCML496 to an interval of 128 Kb. Genome mining of this region suggests two candidate genes, and a NBS‐LRR gene is the promising one for RppCML496 against SCR. The tightly linked molecular markers developed in this study can be used for molecular breeding of resistance to SCR in maize.
Tourism as (Un)sustainable Production and Consumption
Authors: Lerpold Lin , Sjöberg Örjan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter reviews the literature on sustainable production and consumption of tourism to map both sides of the coin. As such it focuses on the shifts (and at times trade-offs) between different classes of sustainability concerns, and the variegated emphasis on the local versus the global. It concludes that the global significance of some local circumstances (indeed disorders) is yet to receive the attention it deserves.
Light- and strange-quark mass dependence of the ρ(770) meson revisited
Authors: Molina R. , de Elvira J. Ruiz 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Recent lattice data on ππ-scattering phase shifts in the vector-isovector channel, pseudoscalar meson masses and decay constants for strange-quark masses smaller or equal to the physical value allow us to study the strangeness dependence of these observables for the first time. We perform a global analysis on two kind of lattice trajectories depending on whether the sum of quark masses or the strange-quark mass is kept fixed to the physical point. The quark mass dependence of these observables is extracted from unitarized coupled-channel one-loop Chiral Perturbation Theory. This analysis guides new predictions on the ρ(770) meson properties over trajectories where the strange-quark mass is lighter than the physical mass, as well as on the SU(3) symmetric line. As a result, the light- and strange-quark mass dependence of the ρ(770) meson parameters are discussed and precise values of the Low Energy Constants present in unitarized one-loop Chiral Perturbation Theory are given. Finally, the current discrepancy between two- and three-flavor lattice results for the ρ(770) meson is studied.