bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface anchoring controls orientation of a microswimmer in nematic liquid crystal
Authors: Chi Hai , Potomkin Mykhailo , Zhang Lei , Berlyand Leonid , Aranson Igor S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMicroscopic swimmers, both living and synthetic, often dwell in anisotropic viscoelastic environments. The most representative realization of such an environment is water-soluble liquid crystals. Here, we study how the local orientation order of liquid crystal affects the motion of a prototypical elliptical microswimmer. In the framework of well-validated Beris-Edwards model, we show that the microswimmer’s shape and its surface anchoring strength affect the swimming direction and can lead to reorientation transition. Furthermore, there exists a critical surface anchoring strength for non-spherical bacteria-like microswimmers, such that swimming occurs perpendicular in a sub-critical case and parallel in super-critical case. Finally, we demonstrate that for large propulsion speeds active microswimmers generate topological defects in the bulk of the liquid crystal. We show that the location of these defects elucidates how a microswimmer chooses its swimming direction. Our results can guide experimental works on control of bacteria transport in complex anisotropic environments.
Magnon-driven dynamics of a hybrid system excited with ultrafast optical pulses
Authors: Crescini N. , Braggio C. , Carugno G. , Di Vora R. , Ortolan A. , Ruoso G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe potential of photon-magnon hybrid systems as building blocks for quantum information science has been widely demonstrated, and it is still the focus of much research. We leverage the strengths of this unique heterogeneous physical system in the field of precision physics beyond the standard model, where the sensitivity to the so-called “invisibles” is currently being boosted by quantum technologies. Here, we demonstrate that quanta of spin waves, induced by effective magnetic fields, can be detected in a large frequency band using a hybrid system as transducer. This result can be applied to the search of cosmological signals related, for example, to cold Dark Matter, which may directly interact with magnons. Our model of the transducer is based on a second-quantisation two-oscillators hybrid system, it matches the observations, and can be easily extended to thoroughly describe future large-scale ferromagnetic haloscopes.
Preliminary Clinical Experience with Shear Wave Dispersion Imaging for Liver Viscosity in Preoperative Diagnosis of Focal Liver Lesions
Authors: Dong Yi , Qiu Yijie , Zhang Qi , Yang Daohui , Yu Lingyun , Wang Wen-Ping , Dietrich Christoph F. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background The aim of our study is to analyze viscosity characteristics of focal liver lesions (FLLs) and the diagnostic performance of shear wave dispersion (SWD) in differentiating benign and malignant FLLs.
Methods Between January 2018 and April 2018, 58 consecutive patients (median age 57, age range 21–74 years, 37 males) with 58 FLLs located on the right lobe of liver were prospectively studied. The Aplio i900 series diagnostic ultrasound system (Canon Medical systems) equipped with a curvilinear PV1-475BX transducer (1–8 MHz) was used. SWD slope and viscosity measurements were expressed as mean ± standard deviation for both liver tumors and background liver parenchyma. Histopathological results after surgery were regarded as the gold standard for diagnosis.
Results Final diagnosis included 40 cases of malignant and 18 cases of benign FLLs. The mean viscosity value were 14.78 ± 1.86 m/s/kHz for hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 30), 14.81 ± 2.35 m/s/kHz for liver metastasis lesions (n = 10), 13.23 ± 1.31 m/s/kHz for hemangioma (n = 13), and 13.67 ± 2.72 m/s/kHz for focal nodular hyperplasia (n = 5). Malignant FLLs showed higher mean viscosity values (14.79 ± 3.15 m/s/KHz) than benign FLLs (13.36 ± 2.76 m/s/KHz) (p < 0.05). The best performing cut-off value of lesion viscosity was 13.15 m/s/kHz (sensitivity 83.3 %; specificity 56.5 %; area under the curve (AUC) 0.71) for malignancy) (p < 0.05).
Conclusions The analysis of SWD slope and liver viscosity parameters provide additional viscoelastic information about FLLs before operation.
Biceps Tendon Changes and Pitching Mechanics in Youth Softball
Pitchers
Authors: Oliver Gretchen D. , Downs Jessica L. , Friesen Kenzie B. , Saper Michael G. , Anz Adam W. , Andrews James R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWith the lack of pitch count regulation, youth softball pitchers are
experiencing unremitting high stresses on the anterior shoulder. The purpose
of this study was to examine the association of acute changes in the long
head of the biceps tendon with pitching kinematics and kinetics in youth
softball pitchers following an acute bout of pitching. Twenty-three softball
pitchers (12.17±1.50 yrs.; 160.32±9.41 cm;
60.40±15.97 kg) participated. To investigate the association
between biceps tendon changes and kinematic and kinetic changes from pre- to
post-simulated game, each biceps tendon measure was split into those whose
biceps tendon thickness, width, and/or area increased pre- to
post-simulated game, and those whose did not. There were significant
differences in biceps tendon longitudinal thickness
(Z=− 2.739, p=0.006) and pitch speed; as
well as a difference between groups in biceps tendon transverse thickness
and the amount of change in trunk rotation at the start of the pitching
motion (p=0.017) and the amount of change in trunk flexion at ball
release (p=0.030). This study illustrates the association of trunk
and lower extremity kinematics and shoulder kinetics with morphologic
changes in the biceps tendon with an acute bout of windmill softball
pitching.
Hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) compared with conventional ESD for colorectal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: McCarty Thomas R. , Bazarbashi Ahmad Najdat , Thompson Christopher C. , Aihara Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is increasingly utilized to overcome the complexity of conventional ESD. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of hybrid ESD for treatment of colorectal lesions.
Methods Search strategies were developed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Pooled proportions were calculated with rates estimated using random effects models. Measured outcomes included en bloc resection, procedure-associated complications, recurrence, and need for surgery. Subgroup analyses were performed to compare effectiveness of conventional versus hybrid ESD.
Results 16 studies (751 patients) were included with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) lesion size of 27.96 (10.55) mm. En bloc resection rate was 81.63 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 72.07 – 88.44; I2
= 80.89). Complications, recurrences, and need for surgery occurred in 7.74 % (95 %CI 4.78 – 12.31; I2
= 65.84), 4.52 % (95 %CI 1.40 – 13.65; I2
= 76.81), and 3.64 % (95 %CI 1.76 – 7.37; I2
= 15.52), respectively. Mean procedure duration was 48.83 (22.37) minutes. On subgroup analyses comparing outcomes for conventional (n = 1703) versus hybrid ESD (n = 497), procedure duration was significantly shorter for hybrid ESD (mean difference 18.45 minutes; P = 0.003), with lower complication rates (P = 0.04); however, hybrid ESD had lower en bloc resection rates (P < 0.001). There was no difference in rates of recurrence or surgery (P > 0.05).
Conclusion While hybrid ESD was safe and effective for removal of colorectal lesions, with shorter procedure duration, fewer complications, and no difference in recurrence versus conventional ESD, hybrid ESD was associated with a lower en bloc resection rate.
Concise Diastereoselective Total Synthesis of (±)-Parvistemonine A
Authors: Sugita Kazuyuki , Matsuo Rintaro , Miyashita Ayumu , Kuwabara Motoi , Adachi Shinya , Matsuzawa Akinobu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe have developed a concise diastereoselective total synthesis of (±)-parvistemonine A. By using a Mukaiyama–Michael addition, an aza-Wittig reaction, a Paal–Knorr pyrrole synthesis, an acid-mediated annulation, and a Mitsunobu reaction as key steps, we achieved a total synthesis in which the longest linear sequence was ten steps and the overall yield was 19.6%. Additionally, the relative stereochemistry of parvistemonine A was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis for the first time.
Combined Pre- and Postnatal Minimally Invasive Approach to Complicated Pulmonary Sequestrations
Authors: Ichino Martina , Macchini Francesco , Morandi Anna , Persico Nicola , Fabietti Isabella , Zanini Andrea , Leva Ernesto 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPulmonary sequestration (PS) is mostly asymptomatic but there is a proportion of fetuses that develop hydrops, leading to fetal or neonatal death. Fetal treatments are available, but postnatal management of the residual lesions is not uniformly defined. We present two cases of combined pre- and postnatal minimally invasive approach to complicated extra-lobar PS.Patient 1 presented with complicated PS at 31 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound-guided laser coagulation of the anomalous artery was successful. The patient was born asymptomatic at 38 weeks. Neonatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a residual mass, confirmed by computed tomography (CT) at 6 months. No systemic artery was described, but perfusion was present. We decided for thoracoscopic resection. A residual artery was identified and sealed. Patient 2 presented with complicated PS at 25 weeks of gestation, underwent laser coagulation of the anomalous artery and was born asymptomatic at 38 weeks. Neonatal MRI showed persistence of the lesion, confirmed by CT scan at 4 months. We proceeded with thoracoscopic resection. A residual vessel was ligated. The patients 1 and 2 are now 24 and 21 months old, respectively, and healthy.Prenatal treatment of complicated PS is a life-saving procedure.Postnatal thoracoscopic resection of the residual lesion is feasible and safe; we believe it is the best course of treatment to grant the complete excision of the malformation.
EUS-Guided Celiac Plexus Interventions
Authors: Sharma Zubin Dev , Bansal Rinkesh Kumar , Puri Rajesh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEndoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided celiac plexus intervention comprises EUS-guided celiac plexus block (EUS-CPB) and EUS-guided celiac plexus neurolysis (EUS-CPN). EUS-CPB and EUS-CPN are one of the used methods of pain management in patients of pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis, respectively, along with medical therapy. Both the procedures are associated with minimal complications and improves quality of life. The role of EUS-guided celiac plexus intervention is increasing in gall bladder carcinoma for pain control.
Development of a serum miRNA panel for detection of early stage non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ying Lisha , Du Lingbin , Zou Ruiyang , Shi Lei , Zhang Nan , Jin Jiaoyue , Xu Chenyang , Zhang Fanrong , Zhu Chen , Wu Junzhou , Chen Kaiyan , Huang Minran , Wu Yingxue , Zhang Yimin , Zheng Weihui , Pan Xiaodan , Chen Baofu , Lin Aifen , Tam John Kit Chung , van Dam Rob Martinus , Lai David Tien Min , Chia Kee Seng , Zhou Lihan , Too Heng-Phon , Yu Herbert , Mao Weimin , Su Dan 
Published: September 2020

Significance
Lung cancer is the most prevalent and deadly cancer worldwide. Minimally invasive testing for early detection of lung cancer is the key for improving prognosis. In this study, we carried out a multicenter, multiethnic study to compare the serum miRNA profiles between 744 NSCLC and 944 healthy controls. We discovered 35 candidate miRNA biomarkers, verified 22 of them, and a panel of 5 miRNAs was optimized for detection of early stage NSCLC with AUC > 0.90 in three independent validation cohorts. The sensitivity and specificity of five-miR panel for detection of stage I NSCLC were 83.0% and 90.7%, respectively. Our study will help to accurately detect early stage NSCLC through minimally invasive testing in the clinic.
Gender and women representation in Gurage culture of Ethiopia
Authors: Menuta Fekede , Kifle Yigeremu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to describe the social, cultural and
political representation of women in the Gumer district of the Gurage Zone of the
snnprs of Ethiopia. We conducted semi-structured interviews and focus
group discussions (fgd) with men and women in the district, and analysed
the text using critical discourse analysis (cda). We had 19 interviewees
and five fgd participants. We also made observation of events in
wɨkjər ‘evening gathering’ and shopping in the big
and small markets where men and women shop categorically, buying different items in
different sections of the market. We also consulted documents dealing with gender
and women’s roles in Gurage. The findings showed that there are noticeable
differences between men and women in role categories, social positions, expected
behaviours, and in the responses to different gender discourses. The differences
were observed in the discourses of blessing, name bestowing, mourning ceremonies and
proverbs, in addition to those found during interviews. Different factors, such as
financial resources, societal views about men and women, and long-established
cultural belief in the society contributed to the lower representation of women in
social and political positions.
Reduplication in Oromo
Authors: Mazengia Beyene Shimelis 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The morphological processes of reduplication in Oromo involve
copying a root or a stem, entirely or partially. The latter requires replication of
a prosodic CVC template from the left side of the base. The process may require
adapting the onset of the adjacent syllable as a coda of the prosodic template. The
copied portion, reduplicant, of a root or a stem is prefixed to the latter. However,
if the base consists of a geminate or a cluster, the prefixing of the copied
reduplicant would be constrained to a CV by a dissimilation rule. In a total
reduplication, as in partial reduplication, the copied root or stem is placed to the
left of its base. The word classes amenable to total reduplication are nouns,
determiners, numerals, adverbs and adpositions, while those agreeable to partial
reduplication are adjectives and verbs. Functionally, reduplicated nouns assume a
predicative role and adpositions an adverbial role. The reduplicative forms of the
other word classes are limited to their respective canonical functions, essentially
with the sense of augmentation in terms of quantity, frequency or intensity.
Polysemy of Ethiopian sign language
Authors: Girma Ayansa Woinshet 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine cases of polysemous
signs in Ethiopian Sign Language (hereafter ethsl). There are various
processes of forming polysemy in sign language. To carry out this study, data was
collected from users of sign language in Addis Ababa and Hossana by means of direct
elicitation, video recording and analysis of ethsl dictionaries. The data
showed some cases of polysemy through meaning extension as well as other occurrences
of polysemy. A qualitative descriptive method was used to describe the polysemous
signs in ethsl. The article describes different cases of initiating
semantic extension processes, such as action vs. result of activity, noun vs. verb,
systematic meaning relations, such as animal vs. meat, and generality. Also
borrowings from oral language and other sign languages are found. One aim of this
study is to contribute new knowledge about how polysemous signs in ethsl
are extended/derived, as well as accounts for the process of meaning extension. This
study will be useful for lexicographers of sign language dictionaries, as well as
for second-language learners of sign language.
Introduction
Authors: Mosegaard Hansen Maj-Britt 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInSection 1of my introduction to this Special Issue, I define the concept of semantic–pragmatic cycles, a relatively recently discovered phenomenon, drawing a distinction between two sub-types: onomasiological and semasiological cycles. Semantic–pragmatic cycles are contrasted with the more widely known (morpho-)syntactic cycles such as the Negative Cycle (or Jespersen Cycle), and I discuss possible connections between these two types of cycles. Finally, I raise some questions for further research. InSection 2, I outline the empirical and/or theoretical contribution of each of the six papers that follow – considering, in particular, how they contribute to elucidating the role of pragmatics in cyclic change.
Semasiological cyclicity in the evolution of discourse markers
Authors: Scivoletto Giulio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study addresses the evolution of the Sicilian discourse markermentrito explore the concept of cyclicity in semantic–pragmatic change. Stemming from Latindŭm ĭntĕrim(‘while, in the meantime’), the temporal conjunction develops – like its Romance cognates – an adversative function meaning ‘whereas’, which further evolves from an oppositional to a counter-expectational contrast value meaning ‘though’. The latter serves as a bridging context for the emergence of discourse-pragmatic uses and is examined below.Mentrievolves as discourse marker: formally, it gains greater syntactic and positional independence, and it increases in scope; functionally, it displays both textual and interpersonal values. In its overall path,mentrishows a cyclical change in respect to the adversative function: oppositional contrast emerges out of the temporal meaning, it then develops into counter-expectation, and it eventually fades into the discourse-pragmatic values. The rise ofmentrias a discourse marker is thus interpreted as a case of cyclicity from a semasiological perspective.
Measurement of laser beam spatial profile by laser scanning
Authors: Merlemis Nikolaos , Kesidis Anastasios L , Sianoudis Ioannis 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In several undergraduate courses related to laser physics and optics it is crucial that students should be able to understand basic concepts of laser beam propagation. In addition, experimental activities focusing on capability building in photogrammetry and remote sensing technologies are considered essential for geoinformatics undergraduate studies and for sustainable development of geospatial sciences. The understanding of laser beam scanning technologies and the fundamental physics of laser beam propagation are key factors in order to awaken students’ motivation to study remote sensing technologies. Recent advances in CCD sensors and beam profiler systems have made the measurement of laser beam spatial profile easy and accurate. However, an experiment based solely on a beam profiler could have lower pedagogical impact than expected, especially in the case of courses where scanning technology understanding is considered fundamental. With this in mind, we propose a straightforward laboratory experiment based on a modified pinhole technique where instead of using a spinning blade or a pinhole to cut the beam, a galvanometer scanner is employed to drive the laser beam through a small pinhole and record its intensity passing with a photodetector. Students are able to visualize the spatial profile of a laser beam, calculate the beam width and divergence and compare their results with direct measurement with a CCD sensor. The capability to efficiently control the scanning mechanism and take simple measurements of the spatial profile of the beam can significantly help the educational process toward the examination of more complex issues of remote sensing technologies.
External magnetic field guiding in HiPIMS to control sp3 fraction of tetrahedral amorphous carbon films
Authors: Akhavan Behnam , Ganesan Rajesh , Bathgate Stephen , McCulloch Dougal G , Partridge James G , Ionsecu Mihail , Mathews Dave T A , Stueber Michael , Ulrich Sven , McKenzie David R , Bilek Marcela MM 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Amorphous carbon films have many applications that require control over their sp3 fraction to customise the electrical, optical and mechanical properties. Examples of these applications include coatings for machine parts, biomedical and microelectromechanical devices. In this work, we demonstrate the use of a magnetic field with a high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) source as a simple, new approach to give control over the sp3 fraction. We provide evidence that this strategy enhances the deposition rate by focusing the flux, giving films with high tetrahedral bonding at the centre of the deposition field and lower sp3 fractions further from the centre. Resistive switching appears in films with intermediate sp3 fractions. The production of thin amorphous carbon films with selected properties without the need for electrical bias opens up applications where insulating substrates are required. For example, deposition of sp3 rich films on polymers for wear resistant coatings as well as fabrication of resistive switching devices for neuromorphic technologies that require tuning of the sp3 fraction on insulating substrates are now possible.
Co–Al-substituted strontium hexaferrite for rare earth free permanent magnet and microwave absorber application
Authors: Shirsath Sagar E , Kadam R H , Batoo K M , Wang Danyang , Li Sean 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Permanent magnets (PMs) have tremendous demand because of their applicability in various electronic devices. Rare earth (RE) elements are the major component in fabricating these PMs. Tremendous research interest has been generated over the last decade to design the RE-free PMs because of the ever-increasing cost of REs and shortage of their supply. Hexagonal ferrites show incredible potential as RE-free magnets owing to their high coercivity and moderate saturation magnetization. In this work, we focused on improving the magnetic properties of Sr0.8Ca0.2AlxCoxFe12−2xO19 hexagonal ferrites with respect to Co2+–Al3+ co-substitution synthesized by the sonochemical method. Improved saturation magnetization of 64.4 emu g−1, coercivity of 13.2 kOe, and a remnant ratio of 0.71 was achieved upon Co2+–Al3+ substitution. The prepared materials were also tested for microwave absorption characteristics, where a maximum reflection loss of −35.4 dB at 12.36 GHz was obtained. Results were discussed in light of the synthesis method, Co2+–Al3+ substitution, and electrical properties. Such improvement in the electromagnetic properties make these ferrites suitable for use as RE-free PMs and microwave absorbers.
Inkjet-printed patterned polytitanosiloxane-fluoropolymer composite dielectric layer for micro-optical electrowetting valves
Authors: Zhou Rui , Fang Xiaoting , Cheng Qi , Zhuang Lei , Li Hui , Tang Biao , Zhou Guofu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Fluid motion control has always been essential in electrowetting devices. Using the inkjet printing technique, an organic-inorganic hybrid material, polytitanosiloxane, was patterned as a secondary dielectric under the hydrophobic fluoropolymer coating in an optical electrowetting device (OEWD). The effects of different structural parameters of the inkjet-printed polytitanosiloxane (IPP) layer on both the fluid motion at the microscopic level and the macroscopic visual performances of the device were studied experimentally. The leakage-current test was also performed to evaluate the insulating performance of the composite dielectric layer. In addition, COMSOL Multiphysics was used to simulate the fluid flow inside the OEWD with/without the polytitanosiloxane layer. The results showed that, by introducing this IPP layer, precise fluid motion control and improved performance could be obtained.