bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesizing efficacious genistein in conjugation with superparamagnetic Fe
3
O
4
decorated with bio-compatible carboxymethylated chitosan against acute leukemia lymphoma
Authors: Ghasemi Goorbandi Rachel , Mohammadi Mohammad Reza , Malekzadeh Kianoosh 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background

Genistein (C
15
H
10
O
5
) is a soy isoflavone with anti-cancer properties such as inhibition of cell growth, proliferation and tumor invasion, but effective dosage against hematopoietic malignant cells was not in non-toxic range. This property cause to impede its usage as chemotherapeutic agent. Therefore, this hypothesis raised that synthesizing biocompatible nanoparticle could assist to prevail this struggle.

Methods

Genistein covalently attached on Fe
3
O
4
nanoparticles decorated with carboxymethylated chitosan to fabricate Fe
3
O
4
-CMC-genistein in alkaline circumstance. This obtained nanoparticles were evaluated by TEM, DLS, FTIR, XRD and VSM and its anti-cancer effect by growth rate and MTT assays as well as flow cytometer on ALL cancer cell lines.

Results

Different evaluations indicated that the drug delivery vehicle had a mean diameter size around 12ƞm with well bounded components. This system presented high degree of magnetization and superparamagnetic properties as well as good water solubility. In comparison with pure genistein, significant growth inhibition on hematopoietic cancer cells in lower dose of genistein nano-conjugated onto Fe
3
O
4
-CMC. It increased long lasting effect of genistein in cancer cells also.

Conclusion
This delivery system for genistein could be remarkably promised and futuristic as biocompatible chemotherapeutic agent against hematopoietic malignant cells.
Prevalence and allele frequency of Congenital Colour Vision Deficiency (CCVD) among students at Hawassa University, Ethiopia
Authors: Mitiku Reta Gutema , Tolera Bekele Serbessa , Tolesa Zelalem Gebremariam 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of congenital colour vision deficiency (CCVD) varies from race to race and differs in different geographic regions. Colour vision deficiency or colour blindness, is the inability or decreased ability of discriminating certain colour combinations and colour differences under normal lighting conditions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of congenital colour vision deficiency among students at Hawassa University.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was employed involving 4004 students (females = 1171 and males = 2833) from four campuses, namely, Institutes of Technology, College of Health Science and Medicine, College of Agriculture and Main Campus. The Ishihara pseudo-isochromatic 24 plate edition was used to test the colour vision of students under natural day light condition.

Results
The prevalence of CCVD in the present study was 2.85%. A hundred and six (3.75%) males and eight (0.68%) females were affected with congenital colour vision deficiency. The frequencies of achromacy, deutan and protan in male subjects were 4 (0.14%), 82 (2.89%), and 24 (0.85%), respectively. Deutan was highest among students of Amhara ethnic origin (38, 2.51%), but the frequency of protan was highest amongst Oromo students (10, 0.8%).

Conclusion and recommendations
The overall prevalence of CCVD found in the present study was lower compared to the previous studies done in Ethiopia. There was clear variation in the prevalence of colour vision deficiency among students of various ethnic groups. Proper screening, education and counseling are needed to minimize impacts of CCVD in the country, and can also be beneficial for the affected subject in tackling difficulties in everyday work and for proper choice of future profession.
Facile fabrication of functional cellulose paper with high-capacity immobilization of Ag nanoparticles for catalytic applications for tannery wastewater
Authors: Yu Ruiquan , Lan Tianxiang , Jiang Jing , Peng Hao , Liang Ruifeng , Liu Gongyan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
It has been a research goal to develop macroscopic materials with an optimized surface structure to affix silver nanoparticles which could contaminate water and maximize their practical functions. Cellulose paper is a versatile biomass material valued for its abundance, low cost, biocompatibility, and natural composition. Until now, its potential application in water purification has not been adequately explored. In this study, gallic acid-modified silver nanoparticles (GA@AgNPs) were loaded onto commercial cellulose filter paper using a simple lipoic acid modification process (GA@AgNPs-LA-CP). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the GA@AgNPs-LA-CP. The catalytic activity of the GA@AgNPs-LA-CP was evaluated by the reduction reaction of methylene blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RhB), and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) with sodium borohydride (NaBH4). The GA@AgNPs-LA-CP exhibited excellent catalytic activity toward MB, RhB, and 4-NP, taking advantage of its high specific surface area generated by the cellulose fiber network structure. Interestingly, due to the electrostatic interactions between the cationic dyes and the GA@AgNPs, the as-prepared catalytic composite material serves as a better catalyst for MB and RhB, suggesting dual applications of the composite materials for organic wastewater treatment and the removal of harmful dyes. This implies that the immobilization of AgNPs on cellulose papers is an effective method and can be applied to efficient wastewater treatment applications.

Graphical abstract
Comorbid Conditions and GFR Predict Nonvertebral Fractures in Patients With Diabetes in an Ethnic-Specific Manner
Authors: Jain Rajesh K , Weiner Mark G , Zhao Huaqing , Vokes Tamara 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Context
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with an increased risk of fracture, but it is not clear which diabetes and nondiabetes risk factors may be most important.

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate risk factors for incident major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs) of the hip, wrist, and humerus in African American (AA), Hispanic (HIS), and Caucasian (CA) subjects with DM.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of 18 210 subjects with DM (7298 CA, 7009 AA and 3903 HIS) at least 40 years of age, being followed at a large healthcare system in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Results
In a global model in CA with DM, MOF were associated with dementia (HR 4.16; 95% CI, 2.13-8.12), OSA (HR 3.35; 95% CI, 1.78-6.29), COPD (HR 2.43; 95% CI, 1.51-3.92), and diabetic neuropathy (HR 2.52; 95% CI, 1.41-4.50). In AA, MOF were associated with prior MOF (HR 13.67; 95% CI, 5.48-34.1), dementia (HR 3.10; 95% CI, 1.07-8.98), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 45 (HR 2.05; 95% CI, 1.11-3.79), thiazide use (HR 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31-0.93), metformin use (HR 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36-0.97), and chronic steroid use (HR 5.03; 95% CI, 1.51-16.7). In HIS, liver disease (HR 3.06; 95% CI, 1.38-6.79) and insulin use (HR 2.93; 95% CI, 1.76-4.87) were associated with MOF.

Conclusion
In patients with diabetes, the risk of fracture is related to both diabetes-specific variables and comorbid conditions, but these relationships vary by race/ethnicity.
First trimester maternal upper arm circumference correlated to placental size and neonatal anthropometry
Authors: Wibowo Noroyono , Irwinda Rima , Rachman Lazuardy 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND First maternal nutrition, represented by anthropometrics, is an important factor for fetal growth. This study aimed to determine the correlation between maternal nutritional status of first trimester pregnant women with placental size and neonatal anthropometry.
METHODS A retrospective cohort study (N = 134) was conducted in Jakarta and Riau during August–September 2017. Correlation between first trimester maternal nutritional status, placental size (placental weight and volume), and neonatal anthropometry (birth weight, birth length, head circumference, and abdominal circumference) were examined using Spearman correlation test.
RESULTS High maternal body mass index and upper arm circumference (UAC) are weakly correlated with high birth weight (r = 0.281, p<0.001 and r = 0.271, p<0.001), birth length (r = 0.176, p = 0.022 and r= 0.238, p = 0.002), head circumference (r = 0.251, p = 0.001 and r = 0.297, p<0.001), abdominal circumference (r = 0.227, p = 0.003 and r = 0.226, p = 0.003), placental weight (r = 0.198, p = 0.01 and r = 0.228, p<0.001), and placental volume (r = 0.194, p = 0.01 and r = 0.203, p = 0.008). In addition, high maternal height is also weakly correlated with high birth weight (r = 0.157, p = 0.043) and birth length (r = 0.158, p = 0.041).
CONCLUSIONS UAC can be reliably used to assess the nutritional status of pregnant women and to predict placental and newborn sizes.
Health consequences of thick forest fire smoke to healthy residents in Riau, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zaini Jamal , Dwi Susanto Agus , Samoedro Erlang , Bionika Vonni Christiana , Antariksa Budhi 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND Indonesia forest fire in 2015 emitted a huge amount of pollutants into the air. This study was aimed to assess the health consequences of forest fire smoke in healthy residents in Riau during forest fire disaster in 2015.
METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed in healthy residents who lived in Pekanbaru, Riau Province, Sumatera, for at least 6 months during forest fire disaster in 2015, and data were taken in October 2015. Questionnaires consisting of respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms were collected. Lung function was assessed by spirometry (MIR II Spirolab™ spirometer, Medical International Research, Italy) and exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) was assessed using piCO+ Smokerlyzer®. Heart rate at rest and oxygen saturation in the room air were measured using Onyx 9591 Pulse Oximeter®.
RESULTS A total of 89 subjects were mostly female (75.3%), housewife (37.7%), nonsmoker (86.5%) with mean age of 38.9 years old. The non-respiratory and respiratory symptoms were reported in 84.7% and 71.4% subjects, respectively. Lung function was impaired in 72.6% subjects, mostly with mild obstruction and mild restriction. Exhaled CO was highly detected over normal values (mean [standard deviation] = 32.6 [9.97] ppm) with predicted carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) of 5.74 (1.56).
CONCLUSIONS Forest fire smoke exposure increased the respiratory and nonrespiratory symptoms among healthy individuals, which showed impairment in lung function, exhaled CO, and predicted COHb. Long term health effects on healthy individuals exposed to forest fire smoke warrant further evaluation.
Dual-layered metasurfaces for asymmetric focusing
Authors: Yao Bingshuang , Zang Xiaofei , Li Zhen , Chen Lin , Xie Jingya , Zhu Yiming , Zhuang Songlin 
Published: March 2020

Asymmetric transmission, defined as the difference between the forward and backward transmission, enables a plethora of applications for on-chip integration and telecommunications. However, the traditional method for asymmetric transmission is to control the propagation direction of the waves, hindering further applications. Metasurfaces, a kind of two-dimensional metamaterials, have shown an unprecedented ability to manipulate the propagation direction, phase, and polarization of electromagnetic waves. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate a metasurface-based directional device consisting of a geometric metasurface with spatially rotated microrods and metallic gratings, which can simultaneously control the phase, polarization, and propagation direction of waves, resulting in asymmetric focusing in the terahertz region. These dual-layered metasurfaces for asymmetric focusing can work in a wide bandwidth ranging from 0.6 to 1.1 THz. The flexible and robust approach for designing broadband asymmetric focusing may open a new avenue for compact devices with potential applications in encryption, information processing, and communication.
Kontext und KI: Zum Potenzial der Beschäftigten für Künstliche Intelligenz und Machine-Learning
Authors: Pfeiffer Sabine 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Bedeutung von Künstlicher Intelligenz und Machine Learning (KI/ML) im Unternehmen nimmt zu. Noch weitgehend unklar ist, ob das Potenzial der Beschäftigten ausreicht und passfähig ist, um die Potenziale dieser Technologie im Unternehmen schnell nutzbar zu machen. Neben den dafür nötigen KI/ML-spezifischen Programmierkenntnissen in der IT-Abteilung erfordert ein robuster und produktiver Einsatz von KI/ML im Unternehmen auch von den Beschäftigten in den anwendenden Fachabteilungen neue Kompetenzen. Sie müssen die Potenziale und Grenzen von KI/ML-Technologien verstehen (KI/ML-Kompetenz) und in der Lage sein, KI/ML-Systeme und ihre Ergebnisse in den fachlichen Kontext und an situative Anforderungen rückzubinden (Kontext-Kompetenz). Der Beitrag identifiziert diese Kompetenzen und zeigt empirisch, in welchem Ausmaß sie vorhanden sind oder entwickelt werden müssen. Dies geschieht auf der Basis der BIBB/BAuA-Erwerbstätigenbefragung 2018 für zwei Felder, die aktuell besonders relevant für den Einsatz von KI/ML sind: Predictive Maintenance und beratungsintensive Sachbearbeitung. Die Ergebnisse zeigen: Beschäftigte haben ein unterschätztes Potenzial für die erfolgreiche Umsetzung von KI/ML, es lohnt sich also, sie in allen Phasen der KI/ML-Umsetzung partizipativ zu involvieren.
Impacto dos Investimentos em Tecnologia da Informação nas Variáveis Estratégicas Organizacionais e no Desempenho de Micro e Pequenas Empresas (MPEs)
Authors: Basso Samuel Maffacioli , Maçada Antônio Carlos Gastaud , Pinto Aline de Vargas , Lunardi Guilherme Lerch 
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é medir o impacto dos investimentos em Tecnologia da Informação (TI) nas variáveis estratégicas organizacionais e no desempenho das micro e pequenas empresas (MPEs). Método: Realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa e explanatória através da aplicação de uma survey com 235 MPEs. Originalidade e relevância: O crescimento dos investimentos em Tecnologia da Informação levou um número crescente de empresas a adotarem a TI como ferramenta estratégica para melhorarem o desempenho e obterem vantagem competitiva. Quanto mais financeiramente acessíveis esses investimentos se tornarem, mais rápida é a sua popularização entre as MPEs. No entanto, apesar dos benefícios aparentemente óbvios da TI, há dúvidas sobre seu impacto, especialmente nas MPEs. Para preencher esta lacuna, foram examinadas as variáveis estratégicas e de desempenho das MPEs. Resultados: Descobriu-se que os investimentos em TI têm um impacto positivo no gerenciamento de clientes associado ao desempenho de custos, vendas e produtividade. Constatou-se também que os investimentos em TI nas MPEs impactam principalmente os clientes e as variáveis internas de eficiência organizacional, sugerindo que, quando os investimentos em TI são direcionados para o gerenciamento de clientes e da empresa, os benefícios da TI no desempenho organizacional serão maiores.Contribuições teóricas / metodológicas: Esta pesquisa apresenta uma importante discussão sobre os investimentos em TI realizados em um setor com menor número de pesquisas: o das MPEs. Outra contribuição é a combinação de elementos estratégicos dos investimentos em TI com diferentes variáveis de desempenho.
Hidroquímica das águas subterrâneas do Sistema Aquífero Barrei-ras na bacia do Rio Pirangi/RN
Authors: Silva Janaína Medeiros da , Melo José Geraldo de , Maziviero Hélio Fernando , Silva Cleidejane Teles Xavier Lopes da 
Published: March 2020

Este trabalho objetiva avaliar o comportamento hidroquímico das águas do Sistema Aquífero Barreiras (SAB) na área da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Pirangi - Região Metropolitana de Natal, segundo os diferentes aspectos ambientais do uso e ocupação do solo, com destaque para a avaliação dos efeitos do desenvolvimento urbano na qualidade das águas subterrâneas. Inicialmente, foi definida uma rede de monitoramento com 30 poços seguido de uma campanha de coletas e análises físico-químicas de amostras de água. A interpretação dos resultados foi efetuada com base em mapas de isovalores e diagramas hidroquímicos (Piper, Durov Expandido e Gibbs), sendo possível classificar as águas de acordo com fácies hidroquímicas e avaliar as modificaçoes hidrogeoquímicas nos diferentes contextos ambientais da área de estudo. Apesar das variações hidroquímicas observadas nos diferentes setores, de modo geral, as águas subterrâneas do SAB na área de estudo se caracterizam como levemente ácidas e de baixa salinidade, abrangendo predominantemente as fácies cloretadas sódicas magnesianas (Na+ - Mg2+ - Cl-) e cloretadas sódicas (Na+ - Cl-). Foi identificada contaminação das águas subterrâneas por nitrato em 30% das amostras, com destaque para as regiões mais urbanizadas. O aspecto climático é o principal fator controlador da química dessas águas, com a influência de fatores antrópicos do desenvolvimento urbano e de atividades agrícolas.
MicroRNA-320a Monitors Intestinal Disease Activity in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Cordes Friederike , Demmig Claudia , Bokemeyer Arne , Brückner Markus , Lenze Frank , Lenz Philipp , Nowacki Tobias , Tepasse Phil , Schmidt Hartmut H. , Schmidt M. Alexander , Cichon Christoph , Bettenworth Dominik 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVES:
In patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a treat-to-target treatment strategy requires tight monitoring of disease activity. Noninvasive biomarkers may help to monitor the intestinal disease activity. We demonstrated recently that peripheral microRNA (miR)-320a expression in mice follows the course of experimental colitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of miR-320a to monitor the disease activity in patients with IBD, to predict the course of disease, and to distinguish IBD from infectious colitis.

METHODS:
The miR-320a levels were prospectively assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of peripheral blood samples from 40 patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and 37 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) as well as from 19 healthy control individuals and 7 patients with infectious colitis. Disease activity was quantified by appropriate clinical disease indices and endoscopic scoring systems.

RESULTS:
When compared with healthy controls, miR-320a blood levels were significantly increased in patients with active CD and UC (16.1 ± 2.6 vs 2,573 ± 941; vs 434 ± 96; both P < 0.001) and patients with IBD in remission (316 ± 251 [CD] and 91 ± 29 [UC]; both P < 0.001). In patients with CD, miR-320a levels showed a strong correlation with the endoscopic disease activity (r2 = 0.76; P < 0.001). Similarly, in patients with UC, we detected a significantly enhanced miR-320a expression, which was highest in patients with severe endoscopic disease activity (eMayo = 0–1: 66 ± 16 vs eMayo = 2: 352 ± 102; vs eMayo = 3: 577 ± 206; both P < 0.001). Finally, miR-320a blood expression in patients with active CD and UC significantly increased compared with patients with infectious colitis (63 ± 13, P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION:
MiR-320a expression in peripheral blood from patients with IBD follows the clinical and endoscopic disease activities and may help to distinguish IBD from infectious colitis.
Long-Term Assessment of the Cecal Intubation Rates in High-Performing Colonoscopists: Time for Review
Authors: Vemulapalli Krishna C. , Wilder Sarah W. , Kahi Charles J. , Rex Douglas K. 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVES:
The cecal intubation rate (CIR) is one of the 3 priority indicators for quality in colonoscopy. Whether continuous measurement of CIR is useful in high performers is uncertain.

METHODS:
At an academic center, we identified 16 physicians who performed at least 50 procedures over 6 consecutive years. We analyzed all colonoscopy procedures excluding those with poor/inadequate preparation or severe colitis for CIR trend over the years. We calculated the numbers needed to establish CIR over minimum threshold levels with 95% confidence.

RESULTS:
The overall CIR was 99.4%. None of the 16 physicians had a CIR <96.6% in any year. Sensitivity analyses including patients without intent to reach the cecum and inadequate bowel preparation had little impact on the results. Overall cecal photo documentation rate was 98.4%. No significant correlation was observed between procedure volume at our center and CIR (σ = −0.196, P = 0.483). Physicians with CIR ≥99% need to have only 24 examinations reviewed to establish CIR is >95%.

DISCUSSION:
Continuous measurement of CIR, at least in high performers, appears to be of limited value. Very high performers need to evaluate small number of cases to demonstrate that CIR is above the recommended thresholds.
Субъективная оценка (не)благополучия населения регионов РФ на основе данных социальных сетей
Authors: Щекотин Евгений Викторович , Мягков Михаил Георгиевич , Гойко Вячеслав Леонидович , Кашпур Виталий Викторович , Коварж Галина Юрьевна 
Published: March 2020

В статье обосновывается новый метод субъективной оценки благополучия, основанный на анализе онлайн-активности пользователей в социальных сетях. Предлагаемый метод обладает как преимуществами (быстрота исследования, небольшие затраты, масштабность, детальность полученной информации), так и определенными ограничениями (охват «цифрового населения», технические сложности при исследовании густонаселенных мегаполисов и т.д.). В статье представлены результаты эмпирического исследования онлайн-активности пользователей социальной сети «ВКонтакте». На основе полученных данных рассчитан индекс субъективного (не)благополучия для 43 регионов РФ по 19 показателям, охватывающих экономические, социальные и политические аспекты качества жизни людей. Индекс субъективного (не)благополучия строится на изучении онлайн-активности пользователей, входящих в 1350 наиболее популярных региональных и городских сообществ в социальной сети «ВКонтакте». Период исследования включает в себя весь 2018 год.
Благодарность. Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке «Программы повышения конкурентоспособности Томского государственного университета» (грант № 8.1.59.2018).
Религиозность и удовлетворенность жизнью: опрос православных приходов
Authors: Мелкумян Елена Багратовна 
Published: March 2020

Многочисленные зарубежные исследования показывают, что религиозность тесно связана с уровнем субъективного благополучия. Однако спорным остается вопрос, каким образом проявляется эта связь. С одной стороны, повлиять может социальный капитал (социальные сети), который человек получает в религиозных организациях. С другой стороны, отмечается влияние собственно самой религии, благодаря которой человек обретает смысл жизни и лучше справляется с трудными жизненными ситуациями. В нашей работе мы попытались оценить, как религиозность, воцерковленность респондента, его включенность в общину влияют на уровень субъективного благополучия. Исследование основано на данных массового опроса прихожан 12 приходов Русской православной церкви, расположенных в разных типах населенных пунктов и в разных регионах России.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках проекта «"Невидимая религия" Т. Лукмана: истоки концепции и возможности применения для анализа современного русского православия» при поддержке Фонда Развития ПСТГУ.