bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small for Gestational Age is a Risk Factor for Thyroid Dysfunction in Preterm Newborns
Authors: Author) Chunhua Liu(Former Corresponding , Wang Kaiyan , Guo Jizhong , Chen Jiru , Chen Mei , Xie Zhexi , Chen Pu , Wu Beiyan , Author) Niyang Lin(New Corresponding 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : Thyroid hormones play an important role in the normal growth and maturation of the central nervous system. However, few publications addressed the altered thyroid hormone levels in preterm small for gestational age (SGA) newborns. We hypothesized preterm SGA infants have higher thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations than appropriate for gestational age (AGA) ones within the normal range and an increased incidence of thyroid dysfunction. Methods : The study was designed to compare thyroid hormone levels within the normal range and the incidence of thyroid dysfunction in the SGA and AGA groups to test the hypothesis. The medical records of all preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China, between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018, were reviewed. Blood samples were collected between 72 and 96 hours of life and analyzed with TSH, free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) assays. Thyroid function test (TFT) results, and neonatal demographic and clinical factors were analyzed to identify the associations between SGA birth and altered thyroid concentrations and thyroid dysfunction. Results : TSH and FT4 concentrations were significantly higher in the SGA group than the AGA group ((3.74(interquartile range (IQR):2.28~6.18) vs. 3.01(IQR: 1.81~5.41) mU/L, p=0.018), and (17.76±3.94 vs. 17.42±3.71 pmol/L, p=0.371), respectively). The higher TSH levels were associated with being SGA or Z-score of birth weight (BW) for GA after adjusting for potential confounders (( β SGA =0.68 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.15~1.21), p=0.013) or ( β Z-score =-0.25 (95%CI -0.48~-0.03), p=0.028), respectively). However, we did not find a significant association between SGA birth and altered FT4 concentrations. Furthermore, compared with the AGA group, the SGA group presented an increased incidence of transient hypothyroxinemia with delayed TSH elevation (dTSHe), a higher percentage receiving levothyroxine (L-T4) therapy, and a higher rate of follow-up within the first 6 months of life. Conclusions : Preterm SGA newborns had significantly higher TSH concentrations within the normal range and an increased incidence of thyroid dysfunction. The SGA newborns with these features should be closely followed up with periodical TFTs and endocrinologic evaluation.
Development and validation of bile acid profile-based scoring system for identification of biliary atresia: a prospective study
Authors: Zhao Dongying , Zhou Kejun , Chen Yan , Xie Wei , Zhang Yongjun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Early distinguishing biliary atresia from other causes of infantile cholestasis remains a major challenge. We aimed to develop and validate a scoring system based on bile acid for identification of biliary atresia. Methods: In a prospective study, a total of 141 infants with cholestasis were enrolled in two sets (derivation cohort, n=66; validation cohort, n=75) from 2014 to 2018. Variables with significant difference between biliary atresia and non-biliary atresia infants were selected in the derivation cohort. Then, a scoring system including those variables was designed and validated. Results: Among 66 patients in the derivation cohort, 34 (51.5%) had biliary atresia. A scoring system was proposed with the following variables: glycochenodeoxycholic acid/chenodeoxycholic acid, clay stool, and gamma-glutamyl transferase. The total score ranged from 0 to 41, and a cutoff value of 15 identified biliary atresia with an area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.87 (95% confidence interval, 0.77–0.94), sensitivity of 85.3%, and specificity of 81.3% in the derivation cohort; these values were also confirmed in a validation cohort with a sensitivity of 90.0% and specificity of 80.0%. Conclusions: The proposed simple scoring system had good diagnostic accuracy for estimating the risk of biliary atresia in infants with cholestasis.
Spatial statistics and influencing factors of the novel coronavirus pneumonia 2019 epidemic in Hubei Province, China
Authors: Xiong Yongzhu , Wang Yunpeng , Chen Feng , Zhu Mingyong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
An in-depth understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamic characteristics of infectious diseases could be helpful for epidemic prevention and control. Based on the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) data published on official websites, GIS spatial statistics and Pearson correlation methods were used to analyze the spatial autocorrelation and influencing factors of the 2019 NCP epidemic from January 30, 2020 to February 18, 2020. The following results were obtained. (1) During the study period, Hubei Province was the only significant cluster area and hotspot of cumulative confirmed cases of NCP infection at the provincial level in China. (2) The NCP epidemic in China had a very significant global spatial autocorrelation at the prefecture-city level, and Wuhan was the significant hotspot and cluster city for cumulative confirmed NCP cases in the whole country. (3) The cumulative confirmed NCP cases had a very significant global spatial autocorrelation at the county level in Hubei Province, and the county-level districts under the jurisdiction of Wuhan and neighboring Huangzhou district in Huanggang City were the significant hotspots and spatial clusters of cumulative confirmed NCP cases. (4) Based on Pearson correlation analysis, the number of cumulative confirmed NCP cases in Hubei Province had very significant and positive correlations (p<0.01) at the prefecture-city and the county levels with four population indexes (registered population, resident population, regional GDP and total retail sales of consumer goods) during the study period. (5) The number of the cumulative confirmed NCP cases in Hubei Province also had a very significant and positive correlation (p<0.01) on the prefecture-city scale with the Baidu migration index and population density but not with land area, whereas that in Hubei Province had a significant and positive correlation (p<0.05) at the county level with land area but not with population density from January 30, 2020, to February 18, 2020. It was found that the NCP epidemic in Hubei Province had distinctive characteristics of a significant centralized outbreak, significant spatial autocorrelation and complex influencing factors and that the spatial scale had a significant effect on the global spatial autocorrelation of the NCP epidemic. The findings help to deepen the understanding of spatial distribution patterns and transmission trends of the NCP epidemic and may also benefit scientific prevention and control of epidemics such as COVID-19.
Risk factors of poor prognosis and impairment of activities of daily living in patients with hemorrhagic gastroduodenal ulcers
Authors: Arai Junya , Kato Jun , Toda Nobuo , Kurokawa Ken , Shibata Chikako , Kurosaki Shigeyuki , Funato Kazuyoshi , Kondo Mayuko , Takagi Kaoru , Kojima Kentaro , Ohki Takamasa , Seki Michiharu , Tagawa Kazumi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Impairment of activities of daily living (ADL) due to hemorrhagic gastroduodenal ulcers (HGU) has rarely been evaluated. The aim is to analyze the risk factors of poor prognosis, including mortality and impairment of ADL, in patients with HGU.Methods: In total, 582 patients diagnosed with HGU were analyzed. Impairment of ADL was defined as admission to care facilities after hospital discharge, or requirement of home modification for rehabilitation at home. The following clinical factors were evaluated: endoscopic features, need for interventional endoscopic procedures, comorbidities, symptoms, and medications. The risk factors of outcomes were examined with multivariate analysis.Results: Advanced age (> 75 years) was a significant predictor of poor prognosis, including impairment of ADL. Additional significant risk factors were renal disease (odds ratio [OR], 3.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.44–8.14) for overall mortality, proton pump inhibitor (PPIs) usage prior to hemorrhage (OR, 5.80; 95% CI, 2.08–16.2), and heart disease (OR, 3.05; 95% CI, 1.11–8.43) for the impairment of ADL. Analysis of elderly (> 75 years) subjects alone also revealed that use of PPIs prior to hemorrhage was a significant predictor for the impairment of ADL (OR, 8.24; 95% CI, 2.36–28.7).Conclusion: In addition to advanced age, the presence of comorbidities was a risk of poor outcomes in patients with HGU. PPI use prior to hemorrhage was a significant risk factor for the impairment of ADL, both in overall HGU patients and in elderly patients alone. These findings suggest that the current strategy for PPI use needs reconsideration.
Morphological and molecular-based identification of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), a main vector of Dengue Fever, the first record in Iran after decades.
Authors: Dorzaban Hedayat , Soltani Aboozar , Alipour Hamzeh , Hatami Jafar , Hashemi Seyed Aghil Jaber , Shahriari-Namadi Marzie , Safari Reza , Azizi Kourosh 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : Aedes aegypti is an important vector for transmission of some dangerous arboviral diseases including Dengue Fever. This study was conducted for the first time in Iran in order to survey the existence of this invasive species in oriental parts of the country located near the Persian Gulf during August 2017 to January 2020. Methods : Different sampling methods were used to collect all stages of mosquitoes in five selected cities of Hormozgan province, south of Iran. After morphological identification, a molecular study based on Cytochrome Oxidase (CO1) gene-specific primers was performed to identify them more precisely. Then, the CO1 gene were sequenced via the Sanger method. Results : Totally, 4560 adults and 3520 larvae were collected from all sampling areas. Thirty-one Aedes aegypti specimens were identified from Bandar Khamir and Bandar Lengeh seaports. Conclusion : Based on the biology and ecology of Aedes aegypti , the possibility of establishment of this species in this region is very high due to the tropical climate of this region. Considering the detection of this invasive vector, high incidence of some arboviral diseases in the neighboring countries, and continuous movements of the settlers of these areas, some potential outbreaks of arboviral diseases can be predicted. Thus, planning and implementing an immediate preventative and surveillance program is vital in order to prevent the establishment of this invasive vector in this area. Keywords : Aedes aegypti , Dengue Fever, vector surveillance, CO1 Gene, Iran
Occupational risk factors for shoulder diseases in the Spanish automotive manufacturing sector: a case-control study.
Authors: DIEZ-CABALLERO BEATRIZ RODRIGUEZ , Alfonso-Beltran Joaquin , Pitarque Carlos Barrios 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : Musculoskeletal Diseases (MSDs) are among the most prevalent health problems encountered in the workforce in Europe. Multiple risk factors contribute to their onset. In the present study, different individual risk factors for MSDs affecting the shoulder were analysed in a sample of workers from the automotive manufacturing sector. Methods: An observational retrospective study was conducted with 73 cases of officially recognised occupational diseases and 94 cases of healthy workers. The experimental group comprised individuals with shoulder impingement disease. Another group of healthy individuals working in the same jobs was included as a control group. Multiple variables that identified the risks present in the job were assessed along with participants´ evaluation of said risks. Furthermore, two standardised information sources: the Spanish National Institute of Social Security (INSS) and the American Occupational Information Network (O*Net), were used to evaluate the risk factors present in each job. Both descriptive and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. Results: The use of hand tools, exposure to mechanical pressure in the upper limbs and awkward postures were the most prevalent risk factors. The multivariate analysis revealed that pressure on the palm of the hand and the hand tool impacting the hand were the most important risk factors, alongside handling loads and certain awkward postures. Longer exposure times also increased the risk of injury, as did psychosocial factors such as lack of autonomy and mental workload. Conclusions: Both ergonomic and psychosocial factors were present and increased the risk of developing occupational diseases of the shoulder in this sample of workers. Greater knowledge of how risk factors interact would facilitate the design of better preventive workplace strategies.
Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Bony Increased Offset-Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty in the Asian Population
Authors: Tankshali Kirtan , Ji Jong-Hun , Park Sang-Eun , Suh Dong-Whan , Han Young-Hun , Park Min-Kyu , Cho Wan-Jae 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Bony increased offset-reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (BIO-RSA) was proposed which uses autograft harvested from the patient’s humeral head to lateralize the glenoid baseplate. This technique provided the lateralization of the center of rotation and the reduction of the scapular notching. Few studies have reported outcomes of BIO-RSA in the Asian population. We reported the first report of clinical and radiological outcomes of BIO-RSA in the Asian population at mid-term follow-up. Methods: From June 2012 to August 2017, a total 38 patients with average age of 73±6 years operated by the BIO-RSA technique with minimum two-year follow-up (average 36.7±16 months) were enrolled in our study. Indications of the BIO-RSA were rotator cuff tear arthropathy, massive irreparable cuff tear without osteoarthritis, primary osteoarthritis with glenoid defect, recurrent shoulder dislocation with massive cuff tear, and glenoid fracture sequela. We excluded patients with acute proximal humerus fracture, avascular necrosis and revision RSA performed using allo- or autograft. We evaluated clinical and radiological outcomes of BIO-RSA at the last follow-up. Results: VAS, ASES, UCLA, and SST scores improved significantly from preoperative (average-5, 39.4, 16.2, 3.9) to postoperative (average- 1.7, 78.9, 28.3, 7.8, p-value < 0.05). All range of motion except internal rotation improved significantly at the last follow-up (p-value <0.05) and the bone graft was incorporated with the native glenoid in all the cases (100%). However, scapular notching was observed in 23/38 (60.5%) of patients. Intraoperative complications were three metaphyseal fractures and one inferior screw malpositioning. Postoperative complications included one heterotropic ossification, one scapula neck stress fracture, one humeral stem loosening, and one late infection. Conclusions: BIO-RSA results in improved clinical outcomes at mid-term follow-up in the Asian population. Although better cosmesis and advantage of glenoid lateralization were observed in our study along with similar complications rates as compared to conventional RTSA, we observed higher rates of scapular notching to previously reported rates in BIO-RSA studies.
Does Immigration Affect Residential Real Estate Prices? Evidence From Australia
Authors: Gopy-Ramdhany Narvada , SEETANAH Boopen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Worldwide migration flows have been gaining momentum over the past years, leading to population increases in some countries. Consequently, the population increase might have led to more housing demand in the host country. This study investigates the effect of immigration on housing prices in Australia by using data for eight states on a quarterly basis from 2004 – 2017. To study the possible dynamic and endogenous relationship between housing prices and immigration, a panel vector autoregressive error correction approach (PVECM) is adopted. Analysis of the results indicates that in the short run immigration positively and significantly affects housing prices, whereas in the long run no significant relationship was observed. From the regional breakdown and analysis, it is discerned that in some states there is significant and positive effect of immigration on residential real estate prices in the long run. Interestingly, analysis of reverse causation indicates that housing prices affect migration in a negative and significant way.
Junctophilin-2 physically interacts with ryanodine receptor type 2 for peripheral coupling of mouse cardiomyocytes
Authors: Luo Tianxia , Yan Ningning , Xu Mengru , Dong Fengjuan , Liang Qian , Xing Ying , Fan Hongkun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) mediate Ca 2+ release from the endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER and SR), which is involved in the peripheral coupling of mouse cardiomyocytes, and thereby plays an important role in cardiac contraction. Junctophilin-2 (JPH2, JP2) is anchored to the plasma membrane (PM) and membranes of the ER and SR, and modulates intracellular Ca 2+ handling through regulation of RyR2. However, the potential RyR2 binding region of JPH2 is poorly understood.
Methods: The interaction of JPH2 with RyR2 was studied using LC-MS/MS , bioinformatic analysis,co-immunoprecipitation studies in cardiac SR vesicles. GST-pull down analysis was performed to investigate the physical interaction between RyR2 and JPH2 fragments. Immunofluorescent staining was carried out to determine the colocalization of RyR2 and JPH2 in isolated mouse cardiomyocytes. Ion Optix photometry system was used to measure the levels of intracellular Ca 2+ transients in cardiomyocytes isolated from JPH2 knock down mice.
Results: We report that (i) JPH2 interacts with RyR2 and (ii) the C terminus of the JPH2 protein can pull down RyR2 receptors. Confocal immunofluorescence imaging indicated that the majority of JPH2 and RyR2 proteins were colocalized near Z-lines. A decrease in the levels of JPH2 expression reduced the amplitude of Ca 2+ transients in cardiomyocytes.
Conclusions: This study suggests that the C terminus domain of JPH2 is required for interactions with RyR2 in the context of peripheral coupling of mouse cardiomyocytes, which provide a molecular mechanism for looking for Ca 2+ - related diseases prevention strategies.
Pericardial fat and its influence on cardiac diastolic function
Authors: de Wit-Verheggen Vera , Altintas Sibel , Spee Romy , Mihl Casper , Kuijk Sander van , Wildberger Joachim , Schrauwen-Hinderling Vera , Kietselaer Bas , de Weijer Tineke van 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPericardial fat (PF) has been suggested to directly act on cardiomyocytes, leading to diastolic dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate whether PF volume is associated with diastolic function independently.Methods254 healthy adults (50-70 years, BMI 18-35 kg/m2, normal left ventricular ejection fraction) from the cardiology outpatient department were included in this study. All patients underwent a coronary computed tomographic angiography for the measurement of pericardial fat volume, as well as a transthoracic echocardiography for the assessment of diastolic function parameters. To assess the independent association of PF and diastolic function parameters multivariable linear regression analysis was performed. To maximize differences in PF volume, the group was divided in low (lowest quartile of both sexes) and high (highest quartile of both sexes) PF. Multivariable binary logistic analysis was used to study the associations within the groups between PF and diastolic function, adjusted for age, BMI and sex.ResultsSignificant associations for all four diastolic parameters with the PF volume were found after adjusting for BMI, age, and sex. In addition, subjects with high pericardial fat had a reduced left atrial volume index (p=0.02), lower E/e (p<0.01) and E/A (p=0.01), reduced e’ lateral (p<0.01), reduced e’ septal p=0.03), compared to subjects with low pericardial fat.ConclusionThese findings confirm that pericardial fat, even in healthy subjects with normal cardiac function, is associated with diastolic function. Our results suggest that the mechanical effects of PF may limit the distensibility of the heart and thereby directly contribute to diastolic dysfunction. Trial registration NCT01671930
Short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic organ-sparing resection for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Zhang Renchao , Ma Jun , Mou Yi-Ping , Zhou Yu-Cheng , Jin Wei-Wei , Lu Chao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNENs) are rare neoplasm with long life expectancy. In this setting, patients may benefit from laparoscopic organ-sparing resection. There are few reports of laparoscopic organ-sparing resection for PNENs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic organ-sparing resection for PNENs.MethodsA retrospective study was performed for patients with PNENs who underwent laparoscopic organ-sparing pancreatectomy between March 2005 and May 2018. The patients’ demographic data, operative results, pathological reports, hospital courses, morbidity and mortality, and follow-up data (including pancreatic function, till August 2018) was analyzed.ResultsThirty-five patients were identified. There were 9 male and 26 female patients, with a median age of 46 years (range, 25-75 years). The mean BMI was 24.6±3.3kg/m2. Nine patients received laparoscopic enucleation, 20 received laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy, and 6 received laparoscopic central pancreatectomy. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, transfusion rate, postoperative hospital stay were 186.4±60.2min, 165±73.0ml, 0, 9d(range, 5-23d), respectively. The morbidity rate, ≥Grade Ⅲ complication rate and ≥grade B pancreatic fistula rate were 34.2%, 11.4%, 8.7%, respectively, with no mortality. The rate of follow-up was 94.3%, and the median follow-up time was 55 months (range, 3-158months). One patients had diabetes after laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy, no patient had symptom of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. One patient developed recurrence 36 months after laparoscopic enucleation and was managed with surgical resection. The other patients survived without metastases or recurrence during the follow-up.ConclusionsLaparoscopic organ-sparing resection for selected cases of PNENs is safe and feasible, and have favorable short- and long-term outcome.
The thermochemical non-equilibrium scale effects of the high enthalpy nozzle
Authors: Shen Junmou , Lu Hongbo , Li Ruiqu , Chen Xing , Ma Handong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The high enthalpy nozzle converts the high enthalpy stagnation gas into the hypervelocity free flow. The flow region of the high enthalpy nozzle consists of three parts: an equilibrium region upstream of the throat, a non-equilibrium region near the throat, and a frozen region downstream of the throat. Here we propose to consider the thermochemical non-equilibrium scale effects in the high enthalpy nozzle. With numerical solving axisymmetric compressible Navier-Stokes equations coupling with Park’s two-temperature model, the fully non-equilibrium solution is employed throughout the entire nozzle. Calculations are performed at different stagnation conditions with the different absolute scales and expansion ratio. The significant results of this study contain twofold. Firstly, as the absolute scale and expansion ratio increase, the freezing position is delayed, and the flow approaches equilibrium. Secondly, the vibrational temperature and Mach number decrease with the increase in the nozzle scale and expansion ratio，while the speed of sound, static pressure, and translational temperature increase as the nozzle scale and expansion ratio increase.