bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antofloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone, as a component of bismuth quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a prospective, open-label, randomized trial
Authors: Xiaojian He , Wen Wang , Dazhou Li , Gang Liu , Chuanshen Jiang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Currently, the eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) is markedly decreasing due to some antibiotics resistance, including clarithromycin, metronidazole, and levofloxacin. So, there is a considerable interest in evaluating new antibiotic combinations and regimens. Antofloxacin is a novel fluoroquinolone with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacilli including H. pylori . This study is designed to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of 14-day antofloxacin-based bismuth quadruple therapy as a treatment regimen in Chinese patients with H. pylori infection. Methods We recruited 290 adult patients with H. pylori infection through upper endoscopy and histologic examination. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either antofloxacin-based bismuth quadruple therapy (ACLA therapy, antofloxacin 200 mg once daily, colloidal bismuth pectin 200 mg three times a day, lansoprazole 30 mg twice daily, and amoxicillin 1 g twice daily) for 14 days; or levofloxacin-based bismuth quadruple therapy (LCLA therapy, levofloxacin 500 mg once daily, colloidal bismuth pectin 200 mg three times a day, lansoprazole 30 mg twice daily, and amoxicillin 1 g twice daily) for 14 days. Eradication was assessed by 13 C-urea breath test after six-week treatment, the primary endpoint was the eradication rate by intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses. Results Allocated to ACLA were 145 (66F/70M, 42.1±12.8 years, 19.3% smokers, 13.1% alcohol drinker) and 145 (64F/81M, 41.1±12.2 years, 17.9% smokers, 12.4% alcohol drinker) patients to LCLA. 13 patients were lost to follow-up and 3 patients took < 80% of treatment drugs. The resistant rates for amoxicillin, levofloxacin and antofloxaci were 4.1% (12/290), 30.3% (44/145) and 0% (0/145), respectively. The ITT analysis showed eradication rates were 93.8% (136/145) in the ACLA group versus 86.2% (125/145) in the LCLA group ( p =0.031). The PP analysis showed eradication rates were 97.8% (136/139) in the ACLA group versus 92.6% (125/135) in the LCLA group ( p =0.000). The ACLA therapy exhibited lower rates of overall adverse events than LCLA therapy (33.8% vs. 42.0%), but the difference was not statistically significant ( p =0. 159). Conclusion Antofloxacin-based bismuth quadruple therapy might be considered as an alternative for the eradication of H. pylori treatment, since it attained a successful eradication rate of 90% which was superior than levofloxacin-based bismuth quadruple therapy. Both regimens were well tolerated and safe.
Efficacy of Unilateral Ilioinguinal Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Alleviation of Catheter-related Bladder Discomfort in Male Patients after Emergence from General Anesthesia: a Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhao Xiyue , Wang Liangrong , Hu Yi , Chen Lei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Urinary catheterization frequently leads to catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) in male patients after general anesthesia. This prospective cohort trial aimed to prove the efficacy of unilateral ilioinguinal transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) in attenuating CRBD in male patients. Methods: Male patients with a severe CRBD were randomized to receive unilateral ilioinguinal TAPB with 0.375% ropivacaine 10mL (group T) or intravenous sufentanil 0.15μg/kg (group D). The primary outcomes were the severity of CRBD at 0.5, 1, 2, and 6 hours after treatment, and the other outcomes included the postoperative adverse events related to treatments. Results: The incidence of moderate-to-severe CRBD in group T was significantly lower than in group C at 0.5 hours (11.5% vs 87.4%, P<0.001), 1 hours (7.6% vs 92.3%, P=0.001), 2 hours (7.6% vs 92.3%, P=0.001), and 6 hours (11.5% vs 100%, P<0.001) after treatment. The postoperative incidences of PONV and respiratory depression were decreased significantly in group T compared to group C (P<0.05). Conclusions: Unilateral ilioinguinal TAPB with ropivacaine can decrease the severity of CRBD and reduce the side effects in male patients after general anesthesia as compared to intravenous sufentanil administration. Trial registration: This trial was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov as ChiCTR1900022869 on April 29, 2019, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=38516. Keywords unilateral ilioinguinal; transversus abdominis plane block; catheter-related bladder discomfort
Influence of table height on the performances of residents while training to administer combined spinal-epidural anesthesia: a randomised trial.
Authors: Gu Juan , Ni Juan , Ma Yushan , Xiong Yaqin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The present study aimed to evaluate whether the operating table height affected the success rate and incidence of complications of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia administered by residents during training. Methods One-hundred-and-eighty pregnant women, ASA I-II, were randomly allocated according to landmarks on the resident’s body: umbilicus (group U), lowest rib margin (R), and xiphoid process (X). The success rates of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia, the incidence of paresthesia and intravascular cannulation were recorded. Results There were no differences between the three groups in the success rates of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia, and the incidence of paresthesia and intravascular cannulation. However, paresthesia during epidural catheter advancement was more common on the left side (66.7%) than the right side (33.3%) (P=0.03). In group R, the success rate of epidural space puncture was higher during the residents’ third time (100%) than their first time (50%; P=0.01). Most residents (83%) preferred the table height at which the needle insertion point was at the level of their lowest rib margin. Conclusions The success rates of CESA during training did not be influenced by the operating table height which below the standing residents’ xiphoid process. But it may be helpful to suggest the residents to move the puncture point to the patients’ right slightly. It may be better to keep the table height at which the needle insertion point was level with the residents’ lowest rib margin. It was not just preferred by most of residents but also better for their training of performing epidural anesthesia.
Hospitalization and colonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus in the surgical department in 03 health facilities of the Ndé division, west-Cameroon
Authors: Nguekap William Lelorel Nankam , Kwetche Pierre René Fotsing , Tazemda-Kuitsouc Gildas Boris , Djeutsa Golda Joyce Chouna , Tekam Jean Michel 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Commensal flora colonization during hospitalization by bacteria is the first step for a nosocomial infections while antibiotic resistance reduces therapeutic options. In aim to control this phenomenon, we initiated this study to describe the impact of hospitalization on colonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus in the surgical department in 03 health facilities of the Ndé division, west-Cameroon. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was carried out on patients admitted for surgery in 03 health facilities of the Ndé division, west-Cameroon (District Hospital of Bangangté, Protestant Hospital of Bangwa and Cliniques Universitaires des Montagnes). After obtaining ethical clearance and authorizations, nasal swabs were performed at admission and discharge, with the aim of isolating bacteria and performing their antibiotic susceptibility tests. Information on each participant's antibiotic therapy was recorded. Laboratory investigations were carried out according to standard protocols (CASFM, 2019). Results: The most commonly used antibiotics were β-lactam antibiotics. Of the 52 patients who agreed to participate in the study, 104 nasal swabs were performed. From the analysis, 110 (57 at admission versus 53 at discharge) Staphylococcus isolates were obtained. Overall, susceptibility testing showed that antibiotic resistance rates were higher at discharge than at admission; with significant differences between the susceptibility profiles obtained at admission and discharge for β-lactam antibiotics and not significant for fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. The nasal flora of 13 (25%) patients was colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus at admission versus 39 (75%) at discharge and 14 (24.56%) of the isolates obtained at admission were methicillin-resistant versus 37 (69.81%) at discharge. Of the variables studied, hospital stay remained the only variable significantly (p=0.0080) associated with colonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus.Conclusion: This work must be considered as an alarm bell regarding the role of health structures in the colonization and spread of multi-resistant bacteria in Ndé division. As a result, further investigations aimed at investigating the factors favouring this phenomenon should be carried out with an approach similar to that of the ONE HEALTH concept. Pending these investigations, we recommend strict compliance with hygiene rules, personalized antibiotic therapy (performing antibiotic susceptibility tests) and an updated antibiotic prophylaxis and probabilistic antibiotic therapy according to the studies carried out in the locality.
The Effect of norepinephrine on Peripheral Perfusion Index and Its Association With the Prognosis of Septic Patients
Authors: Wang cui , wang xiaoting , zhang hongmin , huang wei , Liu Dawei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluated whether using norepinephrine during the management of patients with septic shock impact perfusion index(PI) and patients outcomes. Methods: We performed a retrospective study among patients with septic shock from January 2014 to December 2018 who had undergone PICCO-plus cardiac output mornitoring and using norepinephrine during the management.We collected basic clinical characteristics.Hemodynamic parameters including lactate,PI and dose of norepinephrine at T0 and 24h after PICCO catheterization (T24) were obtained.We analyzed the effect of perfusion index and norepinephrine on prognosis of patients with septic shock and the correlation between perfusion index and the dose of norepinephrine. Results: There were 184 patients with septic shock who received during this period, and of these, 44 patients died during their ICU treatment.The PI of the nonsurvivors group was significantly lower than survivors group at T24 (0.5 ± 0.4 vs. 1.5 ± 1.3, P ＜0.001),and the Lac of the nonsurvivors group was significantly higher than the survivors group.In the dose of norepinephrine indicators, we found significantly statistical differences between the two groups at T0 and T24.Dose of norepinephrine and perfusion index were the most independent risk and protective factors for patient ICU mortality. The areas under the curve for a poor prognosis PI were 0.847 (95% CI: 0.782-0.912). The optimal cutoff value of the PI at T24 to predict ICU mortality was 0.6, with a sensitivity of 77.1% and specificity of 80%. Based upon the optimal cutoff value of the PI at T24, we divided patients into groups of PI≥0.6 (n = 125) and PI＜0.6 (n = 59).The Lac of the PI＜0.6 group was higher than the PI≥0.6 group at T24.In the sublingual dose of norepinephrine indicators, the PI＜0.6 group was significantly higher than the PI≥0.6 group.The PI was strong negative correlated with dose of norepinephrine (r = -0.344,P<0.001) and lactate (r = -0.291, P<0.001). Conclusions: A higher PI is a protective factor and using of higher dose of norepinephrine is a risk factor for the prognosis of critically ill patients with septic shock. Lower PI was associated with the higher dose of norepinephrine.
Intubation during A Medevac Flight: Safety and Effect on The Total Prehospital Time in Helicopter Emergency Medical Service System
Authors: Maeyama Hiroki , Naito Hiromichi , Guyette Francis X , Yorifuji Takashi , Banshotani Yuki , Matsui Daisaku , Yumoto Tetsuya , Nakao Atsunori , Kobayashi Makoto 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Endotracheal intubation is an essential skill in emergency medicine requiring technical proficiency and sufficient preparation for a safe procedure. In the Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS), it is common to intubate the patient who needs an advanced airway prior to take-off. In-flight-intubation (IFI) is avoided because it is considered difficult due to environmental limitations of space, communication, and vibration. In contrast, IFI may shorten the total prehospital time since the procedure is conducted during the flight. We tested whether IFI can be performed safely and shorten transportation time. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study with patients transported from Apr 2010 to Mar 2017 in a single center. We included patients ≥ 18 years who received prehospital intubation and excluded patients with emergent intubation at the scene. We divided the observational cohort into two groups. The Flight group (FG): included patients intubated during the flight. The Ground group (GG): included patients intubated prior to take-off. HEMS crews transported both groups. The primary outcome was the proportion of successful intubations. Secondary outcomes included total prehospital time and the incidence of complications such as hypoxia and hypotension. Result: We analyzed 376 patients during the study period. There were 192 cases in FG and 184 cases in GG. Intubation success rate did not differ between the two groups (FG vs GG: 98.4% vs 97.3%, p = 0.50). There were no differences in hypoxia (FG vs GG: 3.4% vs 4.2%, p = 1.00) or hypotension (FG vs GG: 5.1% vs 5.3%, p = 1.00) between two groups. Scene time was shorter in FG (FG vs GG: 7 min vs 14 min, p < 0.001), as was total prehospital time (FG vs GG: 33.5 min vs 40.0 min, p < 0.001). Conclusions: In-flight-intubation during HEMS could be safely performed without additional hypoxia or hypotension. In-flight-intubation by experienced providers shortened transportation time by an average of 7 minutes.
Prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among children of local farmers in central Malawi
Authors: Chilanga Emmanuel 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Child undernutrition is a public health problem in Malawi. In 2015, about 23% of child mortality was linked to the phenomenon. Child undernutrition is more prevalent in rural areas and there is limited data to inform rural-specific programs. The aims of this study are to examine the prevalence and risk factors of undernutrition among 0-59 months-old children in rural central Malawi. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 538 child/mother dyads were systematically selected from postnatal clinics. Anthropometric assessment techniques and socio-demographic questionnaire was used to collect data. Child Z-scores for anthropometric data were calculated using World Health Organization’s (WHO) anthro v3.2.2. Logistic regressions were used to determine correlates of undernutrition. Results: The rates of stunting, underweight, and wasting were 42%, 11%, and 3%, respectively. In multivariable logistic regression models, household limited access to safe water, and maternal exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) were risk factors of child stunting (OR=1.72, CI: 1.13-2.61) and (OR=1.505, CI: 1.001-2.261) respectively. Child deworming, born at a low weight, and household food insecurity were some of risk factors of child underweight (OR= 2.14, CI: 1.18-3.89), (OR= 2.41, CI: 1.23-4.71), and (OR= 1.89, CI: 1.01-3.51) respectively. Households that were near domestic water supply had low risk of registering wasted children than households that were far from water supply (OR= 0.18, CI: 0.41-0.79). Conclusions: Only the prevalence of child stunting is greater in central Malawi compared to national level. This study suggest that programs that can promote access to potable water, food security, child deworming, improving child birth weight, and reduction of IPV against mothers can reduce the risk of child undernutrition. Keywords: Undernutrition, Risk factors, Child health, Central Malawi
3D visualization and volume based quantification of rice chalkiness in vivo by using high resolution micro-CT
Authors: Su Yi , Xiao Langtao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Rice quality research attracts attention worldwide. Rice chalkiness is one of the key indexes determining rice kernel quality. The traditional rice chalkiness measurement methods are mainly based on naked-eye observation or two-dimensional (2D) image analysis and the results could not represent the three-dimensional (3D) characteristics of chalkiness in the rice kernel. These methods are neither in vivo thus are unable to provide technical support for high throughput screening of rice chalkiness phenotype. Results: Here, we introduced a novel method for 3D visualization and accurate volume-based quantification of rice chalkiness in vivo by using X-ray microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). This approach not only develops a novel method to measure the rice chalkiness index, but also provides a high throughput solution for rice chalkiness phenotype analysis. Conclusions: Our method could be a new powerful tool for rice chalkiness measurement, which would greatly help the research of rice chalkiness traits as well as the quality evaluation in rice production practice.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea among the Lebanese general population: Prevalence, associated factors and knowledge
Authors: Choucair Aurélie , Malaeb Diana , Hallit Souheil , Dagher Elissar 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : To date, there has been no large population-based study associated with public awareness in Lebanon about sleep apnea. Our study investigated the prevalence of, associated factors and knowledge of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) among a representative sample of Lebanese adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study, conducted between June and August 2019, enrolled 472 people aged above 18 years. A proportionate random sample from all Lebanese Mohafazat was applied. Results: The study results showed that a higher number of cigarettes per day, having diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction, hypertension and arrhythmia were associated with higher daytime sleepiness. Participants living in the North had less daytime sleepiness, whereas those living in Beqaa had higher daytime sleepiness compared to those living in Beirut. Concerning knowledge, having heard about sleep apnea and having a university level of education were associated with a higher score, whereas having cerebrovascular accidents was associated with lower knowledge scores. Conclusion Complications of OSA are still poorly known, as are certain suggestive symptoms. Given the local relevance of OSA, ongoing health campaigns and innovative educational programs should be assigned to target the general community.
A Predicative Patient Specific Model for Human Albumin Based on Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Lei Cheng , Wang Yu , Zhao Jia , Li Kexun , Jiang Hua , Wang Qi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background For a critically ill patient, an accurate predictive tool for biochemical markers based on the patient prior clinical data can aide physicians to design better patient-specific treatment plans. In this study, we develop a since dynamical system model based on neural networks capable of predicting concentrations of biochemical markers, including albumin, of a critically ill patient, in real-time. Methods The metabolic process of a patient follows a patient-specific dynamical system which can be uncovered with certain accuracy from sufficient prior data taken from the patient. For a given set of patient’s biochemical markers, the dynamical system represented by deep neural networks is discovered from the prior data via deep learning methods. Results One critically ill, poly-trauma patient (injury severity score = 34 points) was enrolled in the study. Six biochemical markers (albumin (ALB), creatinine (Cr), osmotic pressure (OSM), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (TB), direct bilirubin (DB)) were collected and exogenous albumin injection was administered to the patient for the total of 27 consecutive days during the study. A sliding window of data in 10 consecutive days was used as the training set and the 11th day's data as the test set to train and test the parameters in the neural network. The obtained dynamical system model is then used to forecast the chemical markers in the next 24 hours. The results are compared with the true clinical data with a relative error consistently less than 2%. Conclusions This study demonstrates that a dynamic system model can be established to monitor and predict concentrations of biochemical markers, including albumin, via neural networks and deep learning methods. This data-driven patient-specific modeling approach is applicable to any patient. Trial registration Metabolomics Dynamics Study for Severe Patient, Registered:17June,2014, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02164786?term=NCT02164786&draw=2&rank=1
Clinical and radiological results after Internal Brace ® suture versus the all-inside reconstruction technique in anterior cruciate ligament tears 12 to 18 months after index surgery.
Authors: Mattiassich Georg , Ortmaier Reinhold , Kindermann Harald , Barthofer Jürgen , Vasvary Imre , Kulnik Stefan Tino , Katzensteiner Klaus , Leister Iris 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury can lead to reduced function, meniscal lesions, and early joint degeneration. Preservation of a torn ACL using the Internal Brace® technique might re-establish normal knee kinematics, avoid donor-site morbidity due to tendon harvesting, and potentially maintain proprioception of the knee. Methods Fifty subjects were recruited for this study between December 2015 and October 2016. Two groups of individuals who sustained unilateral ACL rupture were included: those who underwent surgery with preservation of the injured ACL (Internal Brace® technique; IB) and those who underwent ACL reconstruction using a hamstring tendon graft (all-inside technique; AI). Subjective self-administered scores were used: the German Version of the IKDC Subjective Knee Form (International Knee Documentation Committee), the German Version of the WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index), SF-36 (short form), the German Version of the KOOS (Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score), and the German Version of the modified Lysholm-score by Lysholm and Gillquist. Anterior tibial translation was assessed using the KT-1000 arthrometer® (KT-1000 Knee Ligament Arthrometer, MEDmetric Corp., San Diego, CA, USA). Magnetic resonance evaluation was performed in all cases. Results Twenty-three subjects (46%) were men, and the mean age was 34.7 years. The objective IKDC scores were “normal” in 15 and 14 patients, “nearly normal” in 11 and 7 patients, and “abnormal” in 1 and 2 patients, in the IB and AI groups, respectively. KT-1000 assessment showed a side-to-side difference of more than 3 mm on maximum manual testing in 11 (44%) and 6 subjects (28.6%) in the IB and AI groups, respectively. In the postoperative MRI, 20 (74%) and 22 subjects (96%) in the IB and AI groups showed an intact ACL. Anterior tibial translation was significantly higher in the IB group compared to the AI group in the manual maximum test. Conclusions Preservation of the native ACL with the Internal Brace ® primary repair technique can achieve comparable results to ACL reconstruction using Hamstring autografts over a short term. Clinically relevant limitations such as a higher incidence of pathologic laxity, with patients more prone to pivot shift phenomenon were observed during the study period.