bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential misdiagnosis of von Willebrand disease caused by insufficient mixing after thawing frozen plasma
Authors: Jo Su‐Yeon , Kim In‐Suk , Kim Hyerim 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionvon Willebrand disease (vWD) is a common inherited bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in von Willebrand factor (vWF), but many laboratories and clinicians continue to struggle with diagnosing or excluding vWD. Its diagnosis requires laboratory testing, which may be compromised by preanalytical events, including poor specimen quality. This study assessed 17 different preanalytical conditions as potential causes of vWD misdiagnosis.MethodsSpecimens from healthy controls (N = 21) were obtained. vWF antigen and vWF activity were analyzed using a newly developed automatic coagulation analyzer according to various preanalytic conditions such as centrifugation conditions, storage room temperature before centrifugation, cold storage temperature after centrifugation, thawing conditions, and inadequate mixing of thawed citrated plasma following the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) H21‐A5 guidelines.ResultsThe only condition that was significantly different from the reference condition was lack of mixing after thawing frozen citrated plasma (vWF activity and antigen were reduced by 58.7% and 49.6%, respectively). Our study showed that mixing after thawing was more important than the chosen method of mixing.ConclusionThawed plasma should be mixed because of the risk of misdiagnosing vWD. Further education regarding the importance of appropriate mixing is warranted to achieve results comparable to those of freshly centrifuged samples.
Robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy versus standard laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for renal hilar tumor: A prospective multi‐institutional study
Authors: Hinata Nobuyuki , Shiroki Ryoichi , Tanabe Kazunari , Eto Masatoshi , Takenaka Atsushi , Kawakita Mutsushi , Hara Isao , Hongo Fumiya , Ibuki Naokazu , Nasu Yasutomo , Teishima Jun , Kawai Noriyasu , Kawauchi Akihiro , Kondo Tsunenori , Kawamorita Naoki , Oyama Chikara , Horie Shigeo , Shimbo Masaki , Kato Masashi , Kanayama Hiroomi , Koito Yuya , Fujisawa Masato ,   the Japanese Society of Endourology
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate whether robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy compared with laparoscopic partial nephrectomy is effective for renal hilar tumor removal.MethodsThis was a prospective, multicenter, single‐arm, open‐label trial with a 2‐year enrollment period. A total of 22 academic hospitals in Japan participated in the present study. Comparison with historical control values from reported studies of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy was carried out. The warm ischemia time and positive surgical margin rate were set as primary perioperative and oncological outcomes. In the historical control group, these were 27.7 min and 13%, respectively.ResultsThe analysis population included 105 participants. The mean warm ischemia time was 20.2 (95% confidence interval 16.7–21.8; P < 0.0001 vs 27.7). Two of 103 participants (1.9%) had a positive surgical margin (95% confidence interval 0.5–6.8%). Both results satisfy the prespecified decision criteria for the superiority of robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy over the historical control of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Resected weight and preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate were predictive factors of functional loss of the partially nephrectomized kidney after robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy.ConclusionRobot‐assisted partial nephrectomy for clinical T1 renal hilar tumors results in shorter warm ischemia time than and comparable positive surgical margin rate to those reported for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.
Molecular characterization of N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor from Bemisia tabaci
Authors: Dixit S. , Thakur N. , Shukla A. , Upadhyay S. K. , C. Verma P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are ionotropic ligand gated channels that are highly permeable to calcium ions. In insects, NMDARs are associated with glutamatergic neurotransmission governing diverse physiological and biological processes like vitellogenesis and ovarian development. Therefore, NMDAR may act as attractive target for insect pest control. In present study, we performed structural and functional characterization of NMDARs in Bemisia tabaci, a highly invasive crop pest and potent virus vector. We identified that NMDAR consists of three subunits each encoded by single gene in whiteflies which are highly conserved among different insect orders. Expression analysis suggests that subunit 1 (BtNR1) and subunit 2 (BtNR2) are the main functional units. External supplementation of NMDAR ligand or BtNRs silencing was lethal to insects, which suggested that NMDAR function is highly balanced in whiteflies.
Ecdysis triggering hormone is essential for larva–pupa–adult transformation in Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Authors: Shen C.‐H. , Xu Q.‐Y. , Fu K.‐Y. , Guo W.‐C. , Jin L. , Li G.‐Q. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn Drosophila melanogaster, ecdysis triggering hormone (ETH) is the key factor triggering ecdysis behaviour and promoting trachea clearance. However, whether ETH plays the dual roles in non‐dipteran insects is unknown. In this survey, we found that Ldeth mRNA levels were positively correlated with circulating 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E) titers in Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Ingestion of an ecdysteroid agonist halofenozide or 20E stimulated the transcription of Ldeth, whereas RNA interference (RNAi) of ecdysteroidogenesis (LdPTTH or LdSHD) or 20E signalling (LdEcR, LdUSP or LdFTZ‐F1) genes inhibited the expression, indicating ETH acts downstream of 20E. RNAi of Ldeth at the final instar stage impaired pupation. More than 80% of the Ldeth‐depleted beetles remained as prepupae, completely wrapped in the old larval cuticles. These prepupae became withered, dried and darkened gradually, and finally died in soil. The remaining Ldeth hypomorphs pupated and emerged as abnormal adults, bearing smaller and wrinkle elytrum and hindwing. Moreover, the tracheae in the Ldeth hypomorphs were full of liquid. We accordingly proposed that the failure of trachea clearance disenabled air‐swallowing after pupa–adult ecdysis and impacted wing expansion. Our results suggest that ETH plays the dual roles, initiation of ecdysis and motivation of trachea clearance, in a coleopteran.
Ablation guided by STAR‐mapping in addition to pulmonary vein isolation is superior to pulmonary vein isolation alone or in combination with CFAE/linear ablation for persistent AF
Authors: Honarbakhsh Shohreh , Schilling Richard J. , Providencia Rui , Dhillon Gurpreet , Bajomo Omotomilola , Keating Emily , Finlay Malcolm , Hunter Ross J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe optimal ablation approach for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear.Methods and ResultsObjective was to compare the long‐term rates of freedom from AF/AT in patients that underwent STAR mapping guided ablation against outcomes of patients undergoing conventional ablation procedures.Patients undergoing ablation for persistent AF as part of the Stochastic Trajectory Analysis of Ranked signals (STAR) mapping study were included. Outcomes following 'pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) plus STAR mapping guided ablation (STAR mapping cohort) were compared to patients undergoing PVI alone ablation during the same time period and also a propensity‐matched cohort undergoing PVI plus the addition of complex fractionated electrogram (CFAE) and/or linear ablation (“conventional ablation”). Rates of procedural AF termination and freedom from AF/AT during follow‐up were compared.Sixty‐five patients were included in both the STAR cohort and propensity matched conventional ablation cohort. AF termination rates were significantly higher in the STAR cohort (51/65, 78.5%) than conventional ablation cohort (10/65, 15.4%) and PVI alone ablation cohort (13/50, 26.0%; STAR cohort vs. other 2 cohorts both p < .001). There was no significant difference in procedure time between the three cohorts. During ≥20 months follow‐up a lower proportion of patients had AF/AT recurrence in the STAR cohort (20.0%) compared with the conventional ablation cohort (50.8%) or the PVI alone ablation cohort (50.0%; both p < .05 compared to STAR cohort).ConclusionsOutcomes of PVI plus STAR mapping guided ablation was superior to PVI alone or in combination with linear/CFAE ablation. A multicenter randomized controlled trial is planned to confirm these findings.
Surface unipolar electrogram characteristics to predict site of origin of outflow tract arrhythmias using noninvasive mapping
Authors: Coleman Kristie M. , Saleh Moussa , Makker Parth , Vaishnav Aditi S. , Atteya Gourg , Shein Jamie , Bhullar Amarbir , Skipitaris Nicholas T. , Mountantonakis Stavros E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundNoninvasive electroanatomic mapping (NIEAM) demonstrate patterns of depolarization that are useful in identifying the chamber of origin (COO) in outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias (OTVA). However, its use in predicting exact site of origin (SOO) has not yet been validated.MethodsNIEAMs (CardioInsight, Medtronic) from 40 patients (age 62.5 ± 2.6) undergoing ablation for OTVA were reviewed for diagnostic accuracy in predicting the SOO. Earliest arrhythmia breakout and directionality of earliest instantaneous unipolar electrograms (uEGMs) on NIEAMs were evaluated subjectively by two observers for quality and amplitude. Sites with most negative earliest uEGMs on right and left ventricular outflow tracts, as well as epicardial surface were manually identified. Using NIEAM‐based activation timing of the lateral mitral annulus and basal septum COO was identified for each OTVA. Predictions of SOO using NIEAMs was compared with true SOO from invasive study. NIEAMs SOO predictions were compared with subjective 12 lead electrocardiogram (ECG) review by two observers.ResultsReview of arrhythmia breakout and signal directionality had poor diagnostic value in predicting SOO in OTVA (50.6% and 49.4%, 56.6% and 43.4%, respectively) and underperformed compared with ECG interpretation (59.1% and 80.5%). After excluding uEGMs with poor characteristics, the uEGM with most negative amplitude at the COO was predictive of the true SOO with 96.4% sensitivity and specificity.ConclusionWe propose a stepwise approach when interpreting NIEAMs for OTVA where patterns of activation are evaluated first to determine the COO, followed by identification of the site with most negative amplitude instantaneous uEGM to determine SOO.
Procedure characteristics and outcomes of atrial fibrillation ablation procedures using cryoballoon versus radiofrequency ablation: A report from the GWTG‐AFIB registry
Authors: Friedman Daniel J. , Holmes DaJuanicia , Curtis Anne B. , Ellenbogen Kenneth A. , Frankel David S. , Knight Bradley P. , Russo Andrea M. , Matsouaka Roland , Turakhia Mintu P. , Lewis William R. , Piccini Jonathan P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionCryoballoon ablation (CBA) is an alternative to radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) and real‐world comparisons of this strategy are lacking. As such, we sought to compare patient and periprocedural characteristics and outcomes of CBA versus RFA in the Get With the Guidelines AFIB Registry.MethodsCategorical variables were compared via the χ2 test and continuous variables were compared via the Wilcoxon rank‐sum test. Adjusted analyses were performed using overlap weighting of propensity scores.ResultsA total of 5247 (1465 CBA, 3782 RFA) ablation procedures were reported from 33 sites. Those undergoing CBA more often had paroxysmal AF (60.0% vs. 48.8%) and no prior AF ablation (87.5% vs. 73.8%). CHA2DS2‐VASc scores were similar. Among de novo ablations, most ablations involved intracardiac echocardiography and electroanatomic mapping, but both were less common with CBA (87.3% vs. 93.9%, p < .0001, and 87.7% vs. 94.6%, p < .0001, respectively). CBA was associated with shorter procedures (129 vs. 179 min, p < .0001), increased fluoroscopy use (19 vs. 11 min, p < .0001), and similar ablation times (27 vs. 35 min, p = .15). Nonpulmonary vein ablation was common with CBA: roof line 38.6%, floor line 20.4%, cavotricuspid isthmus 27.7%. RFA was associated with more total complications compared to CBA (5.4% vs. 2.3%, p < .0001), due to more volume overload and “other” events, although phrenic nerve injury was more common with CBA (0.9% vs 0.1%, p = .0001). In the adjusted model, any complication was less common among CBA cases (odds ratio, 0.45; confidence interval, 0.25–0.79, p = .0056).ConclusionCBA was associated with fewer complications, and shorter procedure times, and greater fluoroscopy times, compared to RFA. Nonpulmonary vein ablation and electroanatomic mapping system use was common with CBA.
Confounders of the aldosterone‐to‐renin ratio when used as a screening test in hypertensive patients: A critical analysis of the literature
Authors: Veldhuizen Gregory P. , Alnazer Rawan M. , Kroon Abraham A. , de Leeuw Peter W. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe aldosterone‐to‐renin ratio (ARR) is a common screening test for primary aldosteronism in hypertensives. However, there are many factors which could confound the ARR test result and reduce the accuracy of this test. The present review's objective is to identify these factors and to describe to what extent they affect the ARR. Our analysis revealed that sex, age, posture, and sodium‐intake influence the ARR, whereas assay techniques do not. Race and body mass index have an uncertain effect on the ARR. We conclude that several factors can affect the ARR. Not taking these factors into account could lead to misinterpretation of the ARR.
Association of thyroid hormones with blood pressure and arterial stiffness in the general population: The Dali study
Authors: Jamal Md Tasneem , Li Qing‐Lu , Li Qi‐Yan , Liang Wan‐Ying , Wang Li‐Hong , Wei Jian‐Hang , Liang Quan , Hu Nai‐Qing , Li Li‐Hua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThyroid dysfunction plays a role in blood pressure (BP) regulation. However, the associations between thyroid function and BP and arterial stiffness in the general Chinese population without thyroid disease are unknown. This population‐based cross‐sectional study aimed to investigate the association between thyroid function and peripheral and central BP and arterial stiffness in Chinese individuals. After excluding those who had thyroid diseases or incomplete clinical measurements, this study included 691 participants. Of the participants, 444 (64.2%) were women and 215 (31.1%) had hypertension. After adjustment for covariates, serum FT3 was significantly associated with a higher pulse rate in both sexes. In men, each 2.72‐fold increase in serum FT4 levels was associated with higher peripheral systolic BP (+10.82 mmHg, p = .005) and pulse pressure (+5.71 mmHg, p = .03). Each 2.72‐fold increase in serum FT4 levels was associated with higher central systolic BP (+8.03 mmHg, p = .03) and pulse pressure (+3.89 mmHg, p = .05). In women, serum FT4 was only associated with a higher central pulse pressure (+2.96 mmHg, p = .04). After adjustment for covariates, serum FT4 was significantly associated with a faster cfPWV exclusively in men. Our study showed that serum FT4 is associated with higher peripheral and central BP and faster cfPWV in men, whereas serum FT3 is positively associated with a higher pulse rate in both sexes, indicating that the effects of thyroid function on BP and arterial stiffness are more significant in men than in women.
The effect of chlorhexidine primer application on the clinical performance of composite restorations: a literature review
Authors: Josic Uros , Maravic Tatjana , Mazzitelli Claudia , Del Bianco Federico , Mazzoni Annalisa , Breschi Lorenzo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTo discuss the effectiveness of chlorhexidine (CHX) used as therapeutic dentin primer in adhesively bonded composite restorations.OverviewAn electronic search in MEDLINE database, accessed through PubMed was conducted. No restrictions of languages and date of publication were made. The following key words were used: “chlorhexidine”, “composite” and “composite resins.” Clinical studies in which CHX was used during bonding procedures were included in this review. Six studies met the inclusion criteria. Of these, five studies were carried out on noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL). Only one study was carried out on class II preparation of permanent molars. In all studies, either etch‐and‐rinse and self‐etch adhesive systems were used during bonding procedures. On the basis of the reviewed clinical trials, it can be concluded that CHX primer application does not seem to influence clinical outcome of composite restorations.Clinical significanceCurrent scientific evidence cannot neither strongly recommend nor discourage the application of CHX as therapeutic primer in composite restorations. Studies with longer follow‐up periods with adhesive restorations placed on dentin after caries removal, rather than only on NCCL, are desirable to further investigate the therapeutic effect of CHX during bonding procedures.
The Attitudes and Beliefs of Australian Midwives and Obstetricians About Birth Options and Labor Interventions
Authors: Coates Dominiek , Donnolley Natasha , Henry Amanda 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionThe global rise in the rate of induction of labor and cesarean birth shows considerable unexplained variation both within and between countries. Prior research suggests that the extent to which women are engaged in the decision‐making process about birth options, such as elective cesarean, induction of labor, or use of fetal monitoring, is heavily influenced by clinician beliefs and preferences. The aim of this study was to investigate the beliefs about labor interventions and birth options held by midwives and obstetric medical staff from 8 Sydney hospitals and assess how the health care providers’ beliefs were associated with discipline or years of experience.MethodsThis is a survey study of midwives and obstetric staff that was distributed between November 2018 and July 2019. Modified from the previously validatedbirth attitudes surveyfor the Australian context, survey domains include (1) maternal choice and woman's role in birth, (2) safety by mode or place of birth, (3) attitudes toward cesarean birth for preventing urinary incontinence, (4) approaches to decrease cesarean birth rates, and (5) fears of birth mode. Responses were compared between professions and within professions by years of experience using Mann‐WhitneyUtesting.ResultsA total of 217 midwives and 58 medical staff completed the survey (response rate, 30.5%). Midwifery staff responses generally favored a physiologic approach to birth, versus beliefs more in favor of intervention (particularly cesarean birth) among medical staff. There was interprofessional discrepancy on most items, particularly regarding safety of mode or place of birth and approaches to decrease cesarean birth rates. Within disciplines, there was more variation in medical staff attitudes than within the midwifery staff. No clinically important differences in beliefs by years of experience were noted.DiscussionClinicians need to be aware of their own beliefs and preferences about birth as a potential source of bias when counselling women, particularly when there are a range of treatment options and the evidence may not strongly favor one option over another. As both groups had similar perceptions about the importance of women's autonomy, shared decision‐making training could help bridge belief gaps and improve care around birth decisions.
Fasted and fed small bowel motility patterns at cine‐MRI in chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction
Authors: van Rijn Kyra L. , Bredenoord Albert J. , Smout André J. P. M. , Bouma Gerd , Tielbeek Jeroen A. W. , Horsthuis Karin , Stoker Jaap , de Jonge Catharina S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundChronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction (CIPO) is a severe intestinal motility disorder of which the pathophysiology is largely unknown. This study aimed at gaining insight in fasted and fed small bowel motility in CIPO patients using cine‐MRI with caloric stimulation.MethodsEight adult patients with manometrically confirmed CIPO were prospectively included. Patients underwent a cine‐MRI protocol after an overnight fast, comprising fasting‐state scans and scans after ingestion of a meal (Nutridrink, 300 kcal). Small bowel motility was quantified resulting in a motility score in arbitrary units (AU) and visually assessed by three radiologists. Findings were compared with those in 16 healthy volunteers.Key ResultsMotility scores (median, IQR) in CIPO patients were 0.21 (0.15–0.30) in the fasting state and 0.23 (0.15–0.27) directly postprandially. In healthy volunteers, corresponding motility scores were 0.15 (0.13–0.18) and 0.22 (0.19–0.25), respectively. The postprandial change in motility score was +1% (−19 to +21%) in CIPO and +39% (+23 to +50%) in healthy volunteers (p = 0.001*). Visual analysis revealed increased small bowel contractility in four, normal in two, and decreased in two CIPO patients.Conclusions & InferencesSurprisingly, we found hyperactive small bowel motility in half of the CIPO patients, suggestive of uncoordinated motility. A wide variation in motility patterns was observed, both higher, lower, and comparable contractility compared with healthy subjects. No clear postprandial activation was seen in patients. Cine‐MRI helps to gain insight in this complex disease and can potentially impact treatment decisions in the future.
Genetic characterization of the red coloured corolla phenotype for Gossypium arboreum accession PI 529731
Authors: Erpelding John E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFlower corolla colour is an important trait for the attraction of pollinators and for the horticultural industry. Gossypium arboreum (L.) accessions from the United States Department of Agriculture germplasm collection frequently show flowers with a yellow coloured corolla. Accession PI 529731 is unique in that the flowers have a red coloured corolla. Genetic characterization of corolla pigmentation was conducted by crossing PI 529731 with two white flower accessions. Flowers with a red corolla were observed in the F1 generations suggesting a dominant trait. Variation in corolla colour was observed for plants in the F2 populations including dark red, red, light red, white, yellow and white with petals having red coloured margins. These data support a single dominant gene conferring the four red corolla phenotypes. The yellow corolla phenotype also supported a single dominant gene model. Dominant alleles at both loci are required for expression of the PI 529731 phenotype and data support a two gene model with a 9:3:3:1 segregation ratio. These data are useful for the characterization of genetic mechanisms controlling tissue‐specific pigmentation.
Adverse cutaneous effects of mitogen‐activated protein kinase inhibitors in children
Authors: Dávila Osorio Victoria Lucia , Vicente María Asunción , Baselga Eulalia , Salvador Hector , Cruz Ofelia , Prat Carolina 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundMitogen‐activated protein kinase inhibitors (MEKi) are currently used for the treatment of central nervous system tumors in children and have shown promising results. Cutaneous adverse effects are among the most common toxicities described in adults, but few studies exist in pediatric patients.ObjectiveWe aimed to describe the cutaneous adverse effects associated with MEKi in pediatric patients.MethodsA retrospective study was carried out at our pediatric hospital in Barcelona, Spain, in patients undergoing treatment with MEKi.ResultsSixty‐one children between 1 and 18 years of age were included. All patients developed cutaneous toxicity. Eczema, hair abnormalities, oral aphthae, and paronychia were among the most common cutaneous side effects.ConclusionsRecognizing skin toxicity in pediatric patients under treatment with MEKi is essential to establishing appropriate education and therapy, thereby improving treatment tolerability and minimizing avoidable interruptions in treatment.