bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The clinical strategies for tendon repair with biomaterials: A review on rotator cuff and Achilles tendons
Authors: Veronesi Francesca , Borsari Veronica , Contartese Deyanira , Xian Jie , Baldini Nicola , Fini Milena 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTendon repair is a complex process due to the low tenocyte density, metabolism, and vascularization. Tears of rotator cuff (RCT) and Achilles tendons ruptures have a major impact on healthcare costs and quality of life of patients. Scaffolds are used to improve the healing rate after surgery and long‐term results. A systematic search was carried out to identify the different types of scaffolds used during RCT and Achilles tendon repair surgery in the last 10 years. A higher number of clinical studies were reported on RCT ruptures. Biological scaffolds were used more than synthetic ones, for both rotator cuff and Achilles tendons. Moreover, platelet‐rich plasma (PRP)‐based scaffolds were the most widely used in RCT. A different type of synthetic scaffold was used in each of the five studies found. Biological scaffolds either provide variable results, in particular PRP‐based ones, or poor results, such as bovine equine pericardium. All the synthetic scaffolds demonstrated a significant increase in clinical and functional scores in biomechanics, and a significant decrease in pain and re‐tear rate in comparison to conventional surgery. Despite the limited number of studies, further investigation in the clinical use of synthetic scaffolds should be carried out.
miR‐4500 suppresses cell proliferation and migration in bladder cancer via inhibition of STAT3/CCR7 pathway
Authors: Peng Wei , Dong Na , Wu Shihao , Gui Dingwen , Ye Zhihua , Wu Haixia , Zhong Xintai 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBladder cancer (BC) is a prevalent type of cancer that occurs in human urinary system threatening the human health. microRNA‐4500 (miRNA‐4500) is a novel miRNA that serves as a potential biomarker in several types of cancers. However, the in‐depth molecular mechanism of miR‐4500 in BC has not yet been fully elucidated. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reactionq and Western blot analysis were applied to analyze the expressions of miR‐4500, STAT3, and C‐C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7). Gain‐of‐function assays involving Cell Counting Kit‐8, 5′‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine incorporation assay, and Transwell were employed to evaluate miR‐4500 function in cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation, RNA immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assay were performed to explore the molecular mechanism underlying function of miR‐4500. We found the downregulation of miR‐4500 in BC cells, and ectopic expression of miR‐4500 hampered cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition. Importantly, miR‐4500 directly targeted STAT3 3′‐untranslated region, leading to repression on STAT3 expression. Intriguingly, STAT3 transcriptionally regulated CCR7. Rescue experiments validated the presence of miR‐4500/STAT3/CCR7 axis in control of BC growth and progression. Our data highlighted miR‐4500 as a potent cancericidal gene in BC, and might provide a theoretical grounding for development of target‐oriented therapies of patients afflicted with BC.
Regulatory T cells for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease: A clinical and preclinical systematic review
Authors: Rajabinejad Misagh , Ranjbar Sedigheh , Afshar Hezarkhani Leila , Salari Farhad , Gorgin Karaji Ali , Rezaiemanesh Alireza 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by neuronal degeneration and inflammation in the nerves. The role of the immune system has been concentrated by researchers in the etiopathogenesis of the disease. Given the inhibitory roles of regulatory T cells (Tregs), it is expected that increasing or activating their populations in patients with ALS can have significant therapeutic effects. Here we searched databases, including CENTRAL, MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus,clinicaltrials.gov, and ICTRP for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and non‐RCTs until March 2019. For preclinical studies, we searched PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar up to June 2019. We also included preclinical studies, due to the lack of clinical information available, which used Tregs (or directly targeting them) for treating mice models of ALS. We identified 29 records (CENTRAL 7, MEDLINE 4, CINAHL Plus 8, andclinicaltrials.gov10) and removed 10 duplicated publications. After screening, we identified one RCT which had been published as an abstract, three non‐RCTs, and four ongoing studies. We also identified 551 records (PubMed 446, Google Scholar 68, and Scopus 37) for preclinical studies and performed a meta‐analysis. Finally, we found three papers that matched our inclusion criteria for preclinical studies. Results indicated the effectiveness of the application of Tregs in the treatment of ALS. Our meta‐analysis on preclinical studies revealed that Tregs significantly prolonged survival in mice models of ALS. Overall, our analysis testified that exertion of Tregs in the treatment of ALS is a promising approach, that notwithstanding, requires further evaluations.
Using transactions data to improve consumer returns forecasting
Authors: Shang Guangzhi , McKie Erin C. , Ferguson Mark E. , Galbreth Michael R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAlthough generous return policies have been shown to have marketing benefits, such as a higher willingness to pay and a higher purchase frequency, counterbalancing these benefits is an increased volume of consumer returns, which presents significant operational challenges for both retailers and original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Since accurate return forecasts are inputs into strategic and tactic decision support tools for operations managers, advancements in better forecast accuracy can yield significant savings from the returns management practice. We propose a forecasting approach that incorporates transaction‐level data, such as purchase and return timestamps, and predicts future return quantities using a two‐step “predict‐aggregate” process. To enhance the generalizability of our framework, we test it on two distinct datasets provided by a bricks‐and‐mortar electronics retailer and an online jewelry retailer. We find that our approach demonstrates significant forecasting error reduction, in the range of 10–20%, over benchmark models constructed from common industry practices and the existing literature. As our approach leverages the same data inputs as existing models, it can be easily adapted by practitioners. We also consider a number of extensions to generalize our approach into contexts such as restricted return time windows, new product returns, and inflated same‐day returns. Last, we discuss broad implications of return forecast accuracy improvements in the areas such as inventory management, staffing level, reverse logistics, and return recovery decisions.
Multi‐Axis Fatigue Experimentation System of Intramedullary Implants for Femur and Tibia
Authors: Kanerva Mikko , Pärnänen Tuomas , Jokinen Jarno , Haaja Juha , Ritvanen Antti , Schlenzka Dietrich 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTCurrent designs of leg‐lengthening implants have faced serious failures due to inadequacies in the mechanical design. The failure typically is the result of fatigue induced by a combined loading condition with axial and shear components acting in the tubular body of the implant. One of the reasons leading to the failure is improper verification testing for the design of the fatigue limit. The current test standards for pre‐clinical design phases of nail implants are relatively straightforward and widely accepted yet cannot produce the three‐dimensional stress state representative of the anticipated operation in a patient during the consolidation phase. This work introduces a major improvement toward a method for verifying fatigue life of tubular as well as solid implants under combined torque, axial load, and bending. The report describes a new loading fixture, a calibration method, and compares the qualification results of finite element simulation analyses and experimental measurements during cyclic loading tests. The findings state that the fixture produces controlled multi‐axial loadings to study varied osteotomy locations, quasi‐static strength and fatigue of intramedullary implants at an intermediate, 2 Hz, cycle rate. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research® published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res 38:984‐995, 2020
Translational relevance of the goat as a preclinical model of the human labrum and chondrolabral junction—histological study
Authors: Rajappa Ravikumar , Nazal Mark R. , Stelzer John W. , Hsu Hu Ping , Conaway William K. , Rokkappanavar Swetha , Niu Wanting , Upadhyaya Shivam , Alpaugh Kyle , Spector Myron , Martin Scott D. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the histologic features of the caprine labrum, with emphasis on the chondrolabral junction, with the goal of informing the feasibility of the goat as an animal model. The left hip joint of six adolescent Spanish goats (Capra pyrenaica) was harvested and subjected to anatomical and histological assessments. Human acetabular and femoral head samples, collected during total hip arthroplasty, served as comparison samples. The caprine labrum was found to consist of mostly type I collagen with uniform crimp, with an average crimp length of 20.8 µm. Upon histological assessment, acetabular articular chondrocytes were found to express substance‐P, especially near or in the chondrolabral junction. And the majority of nonvascular cells expressed α‐smooth muscle actin (SMA), with no notable elastin and laminin expression. Human labrum demonstrated similar staining patterns. Overall, the goat hip was found to be homologous to the human hip, demonstrating potential as a useful animal model for future studies. This is the first report of a crimped collagen structure in the labrum. Crimped type I collagen at the chondrolabral junction imparts an extension‐recovery property which allows for toleration of stress without permanent deformation, underlying the importance of its preservation during surgery. The high expression of substance‐P reflects the degree to which the labrum is innervated. Finally, the expression of α‐SMA with contractile characteristics could indicate the potential for chondrocyte (i.e., myochondrocytes) modeling of the extracellular matrix. Statement of Clinical Significance: Establishment of a large animal model and deeper knowledge of the histological composition of the hip joint will enhance our study of the acetabular labrum, including repair techniques. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:1070‐1080, 2020
Central Venous Access Device Complications in Patients Receiving Parenteral Nutrition in General Ward Settings: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Martincich Irena , Cini Krystle , Lapkin Samuel , Lord Heidi , Fernandez Ritin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundCentral venous access devices (CVADs) are used widely in acute clinical settings for the infusion of parenteral nutrition (PN) in patients who are unable to meet their nutrition requirements via the oral or enteral routes. The aim of this study was to characterize the frequency and nature of CVAD complications in patients receiving PN in general ward settings.MethodsA retrospective analysis of CVAD‐related outcomes for adult patients who received PN from January 2014 to December 2016 was conducted.ResultsA total of 629 CVADs were placed in 475 patients for parenteral administration in general ward settings during the 3‐year study period. A total 104 (16.53%) episodes of CVAD‐associated complications were reported during this period, including suspected line infection, leak at site, catheter blockage, and generalized patient sepsis. Overall, 13 CVAD catheter‐related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) were diagnosed in the patient cohort over 8695 PN feeding days, giving an incidence of 1.49 CVAD infections per 1000 PN feeding days.ConclusionThe results showed that patients receiving PN through CVADs within general ward settings experience CRBSI at rates no different from those reported within critical care settings. These findings demonstrate that with appropriate nursing care, CVADs appear safe when used for the administration of PN in general ward settings.
I (do not) consume; therefore, I am: Investigating materialism and voluntary simplicity through a moderated mediation model
Authors: Kuanr Abhisek , Pradhan Debasis , Chaudhuri Himadri Roy 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWith the burgeoning of consumer culture and materialism on a global scale, a counter‐culture movement, namely, voluntary simplicity, is slowly gaining currency. Extant research reveals a degree of disparateness in the relationship between materialism and voluntary simplicity. Drawing on the value‐basis theory and anti‐consumption research, the current study attempts at an unorthodox study of the fledgling culture of anti‐consumption in urban India. The paper empirically examines the relationship between materialism and voluntary simplicity in India. This research, through an experimental study followed by a sample survey, conducted among urban Indian consumers, examines how satisfaction with life, self‐efficacy, and individualism interact with materialistic values to eventually influence voluntary simplicity attitudes. In Study 1 (N = 74 working professionals), we experimentally triggered materialistic aspirations and evaluated their effects on voluntary simplicity in comparison to a control condition. In Study 2 (N = 315), individuals self‐rated their materialistic values, satisfaction with life, self‐efficacy, cultural orientation, and voluntary simplicity attitude. Our study, contrary to the suggestions in the existing literature, demonstrates that materialists espouse voluntary simplicity attitudes when environmental degradation around them directly impacts their health, wealth, and well‐being. In addition to the positive direct effect, satisfaction with life and self‐efficacy serially mediate the relationship between materialism and voluntary simplicity, providing a welcome divergence from dark‐sided conceptualizations of materialism. Our results help global marketers, and public policymakers better understand the interaction between materialistic values and sustainable consumption attitudes, in the developing country perspective.
The adaptive response to iron involves changes in energetic strategies in the pathogen Candida albicans
Authors: Duval Celia , Macabiou Carole , Garcia Camille , Lesuisse Emmanuel , Camadro Jean‐Michel , Auchère Françoise 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCandida albicans is an opportunist pathogen responsible for a large spectrum of infections, from superficial mycosis to systemic diseases known as candidiasis. Its ability to grow in different morphological forms, such as yeasts or filamentous hyphae, contributes to its survival in diverse microenvironments. Iron uptake has been associated with virulence, and C. albicans has developed elaborate strategies for acquiring iron from its host. In this work, we analyze the metabolic changes in response to changes in iron content in the growth medium and compare C. albicans adaptation to the presence or absence of iron. Functional and morphological studies, correlated to a quantitative proteomic analysis, were performed to assess the specific pathways underlying the response to iron, both in the yeast and filamentous forms. Overall, the results show that the adaptive response to iron is associated with a metabolic remodeling affecting the energetic pathways of the pathogen. This includes changes in the thiol‐dependent redox status, the activity of key mitochondrial enzymes and the respiratory chain. Iron deficiency stimulates bioenergetic pathways, whereas iron‐rich condition is associated with greater biosynthetic needs, particularly in filamentous forms. Moreover, we found that C. albicans yeast cells have an extraordinary capability to adapt to changes in environmental conditions.
A novel 3D microdevice for the in vivo capture of cancer‐associated cells
Authors: Jiménez‐Zenteno Alejandro K. , Estève Aurore , Cayron Hélène , Bou Elise , Bourrier David , Sanson Sylvain , Calise Denis , Blatché Charline , Vieu Christophe , Malavaud Bernard , Cerf Aline 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCirculating tumour cells (CTCs) correlate by their number to the lethal potential of the tumour and can be characterized in terms of molecular properties. The repeated isolation of living CTCs has now appeared as an unavoidable step towards their use as biomarkers in clinical routine. We introduce a 3D stealthy microdevice adapted to the in vivo capture of CTCs in the venous blood flow, on the basis of their physical characteristics, size and rigidity. Embedded in a fluidic bench mimicking an artificial arm vein, it readily captured human prostate cancer cells spiked into donor blood down to a concentration of 1,000 cells/ml. The isolation of cancer cells in venous circulation was validated in an animal model in vivo. These results open new avenues to the characterization of CTCs in prognosis, personalization of treatments and follow‐up, not only as a research tool, but also for repeated monitoring in clinical practice.
Novel Resistant Starch Type 4 Products of Different Starch Origins, Production Methods, and Amounts Are Not Equally Fermented when Fed to Sprague‐Dawley Rats
Authors: Coulon Diana B. , Page Ryan , Raggio Anne M. , Guice Justin , Marx Brain , Gourineni Vishnupriya , Stewart Maria L. , Keenan Michael J. 
Published: December 2019

ScopeThe possible mechanisms of production of four novel resistant starch type 4 (RS4) products for total cecal fermentation in an in vivo rodent model are evaluated.Methods and resultsForty weanling rats are randomly assigned to five groups (n = 8) for a 3‐week study. Starches are the RS type 4 products, as 10% of weight of RS diets (RSA–RSD), and AMIOCA starch (100% amylopectin) comprises 53.6% weight of control (CON) and 43.6% weight of RS diets. The RS products vary by percent purity and origin (potato, corn, tapioca). At euthanasia, cecal contents, serum, GI tract, and abdominal fat are collected. RSB, RSC, and RSD fed rats have greater empty cecum weights, lower cecal content pH, higher cecal content wet weight, and higher total cecal content acetate and propionate than the CON and RSA fed rats. Two other indicators of fermentation, total cecal contents butyrate and glucagon‐like peptide 1, do not have significant ANOVA F values, which require more subjects for 80% power.ConclusionRS4 products that are produced from different starch origins with varying amounts of RS4 content and different methods of production are not uniformly fermented in an in vivo model.
High selectivity quarter‐wavelength resonator bandpass filter utilizing source‐load coupling
Authors: Anwar Muhammad Sufian , Cao Qunsheng , Burney Syed Ashhad 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a compact, narrowband, high‐selectivity, two‐pole mixed‐coupled quarter‐wavelength (λ/4) resonator filter utilizing source‐load (S/L) coupling. The mixed coupling between resonators is modeled by the separated J and K inverters in the form of parallel‐coupled transmission lines and coupled metallic vias, respectively. Capacitive dominant mixed coupling along with the coupling path phases are used to create a lower stopband transmission zero (TZ). In addition, the upper stopband selectivity is enhanced by employing parallel S/L coupling in the form of J inverter which produces three TZs above the passband. Source‐load coupling is modeled by parallel‐coupled tapped feed lines, which also provide the necessary electrical length ratios (L
r), for the positioning of TZs. For verification, a prototype filter is designed, fabricated and measured at fo = 2.75 GHz (center frequency). The measured filter response gives fo = 2.755 GHz, fractional bandwidth equal to 3.6% and an insertion loss of 2.1 dB at fo. Additionally, the four stopband TZs are produced at 2.47, 3.19, 4.18, and 5.98 GHz. The measured group delay in passband is less than or equal to 3.6 ns. Overall a good agreement between measured and simulated results is observed, which validates the proposed synthesis technique.
High Touch statt High Tech
Authors: Bräutigam Maximilian , Karger Gerhard 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEtwa 50 Repräsentanten aus den Ortsverbänden und dem JungChemikerForum trafen sich am 11. Oktober mit dem GDCh‐Präsidenten Matthias Urmann und Vertretern der GDCh‐Geschäftsstelle, um gemeinsam neue Formate zum wissenschaftlichen Austausch vor Ort und zum Dialog mit der Öffentlichkeit zu entwickeln.
Pro & Contra Crispr‐Cas: Das Verfahren darf nicht pauschal betrachtet werden
Authors: Jany Klaus‐Dieter 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDas Vorsorgeprinzip bei der Pflanzenzüchtung mit Crispr‐Cas darf nicht wegen spekulativer Risiken zum Verbotsargument werden, meint Klaus‐Dieter Jany.
Two‐stage stochastic minimum s − t cut problems: Formulations, complexity and decomposition algorithms
Authors: Rebennack Steffen , Prokopyev Oleg A. , Singh Bismark 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe introduce the two‐stage stochastic minimum s − t cut problem. Based on a classical linear 0‐1 programming model for the deterministic minimum s − t cut problem, we provide a mathematical programming formulation for the proposed stochastic extension. We show that its constraint matrix loses the total unimodularity property, however, preserves it if the considered graph is a tree. This fact turns out to be not surprising as we prove that the considered problem is ‐hard in general, but admits a linear time solution algorithm when the graph is a tree. We exploit the special structure of the problem and propose a tailored Benders decomposition algorithm. We evaluate the computational efficiency of this algorithm by solving the Benders dual subproblems as max‐flow problems. For many tested instances, we outperform a standard Benders decomposition by two orders of magnitude with the Benders decomposition exploiting the max‐flow structure of the subproblems.
Factors associated with maintenance of smoking cessation in adolescents after implementation of tobacco pricing policy in South Korea: Evidence from the 11th Youth Health Behavior Survey
Authors: Kim Eun Gyeong , Park Sook Kyoung , Lee Young‐Me , Hyun Mi Yeol , Narapareddy Laren (Riesche) 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAs a part of Korea's smoking cessation policy, the price of tobacco was increased in January 2015. Initially, the smoking rate among adolescents began to decrease. The current data, however, show that the adolescent smoking rate is on the rise. Alongside price policies, there is a need to further understand additional preventive measures that promote successful smoking cessation by identifying the factors that influence maintenance of smoking cessation in adolescents. This study aimed to identify the factors that influence smoking cessation in adolescents after attempting smoking cessation after increase in tobacco price. The study used large‐scale, nationwide, secondary data obtained from the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web‐Based Survey. The sample included a total of 627 subjects who reported an attempt to quit smoking after the tobacco price increased. Descriptive statistics,ttest, theχ2test, and multiple logistic regression were used. The results showed that household economic status, school type, suicidal ideation, experience of exposure to secondhand smoke at home, and experience of witnessing teaching staff smoking were significant factors related to maintenance of smoking cessation among adolescents. To increase the success rate of smoking cessation, future intervention programs should include school environment structure and address emotional and psychological issues such as suicide.