bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain mural cell loss in the parietal cortex in Alzheimer’s disease correlates with cognitive decline and TDP‐43 pathology
Authors: Bourassa P. , Tremblay C. , Schneider J. A. , Bennett D. A. , Calon F. 
Published: January 2020

AimsBrain mural cells (BMC), smooth muscle cells and pericytes, interact closely with endothelial cells and modulate numerous cerebrovascular functions. A loss of BMC function is suspected to play a role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD).MethodsBMC markers, namely smooth muscle alpha actin (α‐SMA) for smooth muscle cells, as well as platelet‐derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) and aminopeptidase N (ANPEP or CD13) for pericytes, were assessed by Western immunoblotting in microvessel extracts from the parietal cortex of 60 participants of the Religious Orders study, with ages at death ranging from 75 to 98 years old.ResultsParticipants clinically diagnosed with AD had lower vascular levels of α‐SMA, PDGFRβ and CD13. These reductions were correlated with lower cognitive scores for global cognition, episodic and semantic memory, perceptual speed and visuospatial ability. In addition, α‐SMA, PDGFRβ and CD13 were negatively correlated with vascular Aβ40 concentrations. Vascular levels of BMC markers were also inversely correlated with insoluble cleaved phosphorylated transactive response DNA binding protein 43 (TDP‐43) (25 kDa) and positively correlated with soluble cleaved phosphorylated TDP‐43 (35 kDa) in cortical homogenates, suggesting strong association between BMC loss and cleaved phosphorylated TDP‐43 aggregation.ConclusionsThe results of this study highlight a loss of BMC in AD. The associations between α‐SMA, PDGFRβ and CD13 vascular levels with cognitive scores, TDP‐43 aggregation and cerebrovascular accumulation of Aβ in the parietal cortex suggest that BMC loss contributes to both AD symptoms and pathology, further strengthening the link between cerebrovascular defects and dementia.
Ideological others and national identifications in contemporary Poland
Authors: Bratcher Ian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSexual minorities in Poland are excluded from the traditional understanding of “Polishness” premised on conservative, Catholic values. This article examines how ethnic Polish citizens who identify as non‐heteronormative navigate their relationship to “Polishness” at a moment of heightened nationalism. Through 31 interviews with Polish sexual minorities, I show that while national identification is a struggle for some sexual minorities, others work to reframe what “Polishness” means to them. I argue for further research examining the ways that stigmatised members of the ethnic majority—what I term ideological others—understand and navigate their relationship to national identity. The study contributes to the literature on everyday nationhood and national identity by attending to national identification among stigmatised members of the ethnic majority.
Effects of supporting patients with dementia: A study with dyads
Authors: Brites Rute , Brandão Tânia , Moniz Pereira Francisco , Hipólito João , Nunes Odete 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to examine the factors associated with the development of higher burden in informal caregivers of patients with dementia, using dyadic data.Design and MethodsSeventy‐two dyads of patients with dementia and their informal caregivers were assessed, the former in terms of behavioral‐psychological symptoms and autonomy, the latter in terms of burden and individual needs.FindingsCaregivers at risk for developing higher burden are those who are female, whose care recipient present psychiatric symptoms and lower autonomy, and those who recognize the need for more information/support.Practice ImplicationsInterventions should offer caregivers the tools to provide care, maintaining their psychological well‐being. Interventions should target not only common aspects of caregiver burden but also the specificities of caring for a person with dementia.
The validation of a questionnaire to delineate clinical research coordinator roles in China
Authors: Zhu Wenbo , Zhao Qing , Zhu Hangju , Zhang Junying , Han Jing , Qing Rong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the roles of the clinical research coordinator (CRC) in clinical oncology trials.Design and MethodsAn E‐questionnaire that includes 10 sections with 155 items total and is based on the Clinical Trials Nursing Questionnaire (CTNQ) was designed to determine the conditions of demographics, competences, activities, and psychology for Chinese CRCs. Eighty‐two CRCs from three different provinces in China were invited to join this study anonymously. Cronbach's α and split‐half reliability were calculated to assess the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Additionally, the Wilcoxon rank‐sum test was used to find the similarity and difference between the importance of the roles of CRCs and their frequency. The STROBE checklist for observational research has been following for presenting the research (see File S1).FindingsCronbach's α values of the Chinese version of the questionnaire for the frequency scale and the importance scale were .965 and .961, respectively. The split‐half reliability coefficients were 0.866 and 0.805, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients of the subscales indicated that the correlation between each item and its dimension was greater than its correlation with the other components (P < .05). Exploratory factor analysis results show that three common factors were extracted by principal component analysis and had eigenvalues greater than 1 and that the cumulative contribution rate was 69.415%.Practice ImplicationsThe Chinese version of the questionnaire has good reliability and validity for CRCs in China, which could be promoted in evaluating clinical research coordinator roles in China.
Integrating Optimal Vehicle Routing and Control With Load-Dependent Vehicle Dynamics Using a Confidence Bounds for Trees-Based Approach
Authors: Liu T. , Azarm S. , Chopra N. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a class of vehicle routing problems (VRPs) is considered in which the vehicle dynamical model depends on the chosen route. Specifically, the mass of each vehicle is determined by the loading demands of the locations that the vehicle had previously visited, which leads to variable dynamical models. Hence, an integrated optimal vehicle routing-and-control problem is formulated. The objective function (total cost) considered is a weighted sum of the traveling time and energy consumption cost of the vehicles. A sequential approach can be employed to solve this problem, in which the routing solution is obtained first, followed by finding optimal control costs of all vehicles. However, the sequential approach may not obtain an overall optimal solution, since the routing solution can affect the control cost and vice versa. To the best of our knowledge, an integrated vehicle routing-and-control problem with load-dependent dynamics has not been considered in the literature. Also, there has been no simultaneous routing-and-control solution approach for such a problem. In this paper, a upper confidence bounds for trees (UCT) approach for solving the proposed problem has been implemented. Two test examples are used to demonstrate the proposed approach: (i) a benchmark VRP from the literature, revised in this paper with an embedded optimal control problem, and (ii) a notional integrated routing-and-control problem formulated for a small area based on the New York City street map. For both examples, the proposed approach obtains an improved solution when compared with the sequential approach.
Modeling and Experimental Testing of the Hondamatic Inline Hydromechanical Transmission (iHMT)1
Authors: Hu X. , Jing C. , Li P. Y. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A hydromechanical transmission (HMT) is a continuously variable transmission that transmits power both mechanically and hydraulically. A typical HMT consists of a pair of hydraulic pump/motors and a mechanical transmission in parallel, making it bulky and costly. The Hondamatic transmission is a compact alternative HMT design that uses an inline configuration such that the rotation of the piston barrels of the pump and motor is dual-used for mechanical transmission. This is achieved using a two-shafted pump that plays the role of a planetary gear (PG) and a distributor valve mechanism that replaces the valve plates. This paper provides the operating principle of this inline HMT (iHMT) and analyzes its performance through a combination of modeling and experimentation. Specifically, ideal and lossy average models are developed, and the performance of the Hondamatic is characterized experimentally. The lossy model, fitted with seven empirically determined parameters, is capable of predicting the mechanical and volumetric losses at different ratios and operating conditions. The dominant losses are found to be compressibility losses and no-load viscous friction losses, especially on the motor side. These losses are attributed to be the main causes for the unity transmission ratio to be less efficient than expected. The overall efficiency is between 74 and 86% at the conditions tested experimentally and is predicted to be over 70% under most operating conditions and transmission ratios. This analytical and experimental study is the first study in the open literature on this innovative compact inline HMT configuration.
Utilization of Zonal Method for Five-Hole Probe Measurements of Complex Axial Compressor Flows
Authors: Liu Baojie , Qiu Ying , An Guangfeng , Yu Xianjun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Five-hole probe is widely used in the measurement of turbomachinery flows, but in the traditional way the measurable angle range is not big enough for some interested flows. In this paper, the zonal method is introduced to an L-shaped five-hole probe to measure axial compressor flows. First, the calibration theory of the zonal method in five-hole probe is presented, and the effects of some factors on the measurement accuracy of the five-hole probe are discussed. The results reveal that the two-step correlation method can yield a highest calibration accuracy, and the calibration angular grid spacing should not exceed 5 deg. While the overlap region seems to have no effect on the measurement accuracy of the five-hole probe using the two-step correlation method. Reynolds number (Re) has obvious influence on the measurement accuracy of the investigated five-hole probe, and this effect could be ignored only when Re is bigger than 6000. Then, the investigated five-hole probe using the zonal method is used to measure the inter-row flows of a low-speed large-scale axial compressor, and the measurement results are compared with the results using the traditional method. Besides, the Re corrected results using the zonal method are also compared. The measured results have shown that the zonal method has prominent advantages relative to the traditional method in measuring the corner stall flows. While there is no need to correct the Re effect if the probe is calibrated in the velocity nearly equivalent to the measured flow.
Evidence of the non-linear nature of skeletal maturation
Authors: Boeyer Melanie E , Leary Emily V , Sherwood Richard J , Duren Dana L 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess longitudinal trajectories of skeletal maturation to determine if children exhibit periods of rapid maturation during normal childhood and adolescence.DesignRetrospective longitudinal study. Patients: 345 participants, with an average of 25 assessments per participant, between 3 and 20 years of age from the Fels Longitudinal Study.Main outcome measuresChronological age (ie, timing) and rate (ie, tempo) of skeletal maturation, as assessed by the Fels Method, at each maturational milestone, as well as the duration of time spent between any two milestones, were calculated for each participant-specific maturational trajectory and compared between three unique, non-linear maturational trajectory types.ResultsMore than 81% of participants exhibited a rapid period of skeletal maturation during childhood and/or adolescence, most of whom were characterised by a single maturational spurt during adolescence. Participants with only a single adolescent spurt in skeletal maturation reach adolescent onset and peak approximately 2.8 and 4.2 years earlier, respectively, in boys (p<0.001) and girls (p<0.001), than when compared with participants with both childhood and adolescent spurts. Differences in the timing and tempo of maturational milestones were driven primarily by trajectory type.ConclusionsRapid changes in skeletal maturation occur during normal childhood and/or adolescence, indicating the presence of a maturational spurt: a developmental phenomenon that has remained largely uncharacterised. This work highlights patterned changes in the timing, tempo and duration of longitudinal skeletal maturation while simultaneously shifting the paradigm that skeletal maturation progresses linearly.
Rare case report of Van Gogh syndrome in a patient with paranoid schizophrenia
Authors: Mudgal Varchasvi , Rastogi Pali , Niranjan Vijay , Razdan Ramghulam 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSelf-mutilation is often associated with psychiatric disorders. We describe here a 22-year-old male Indian with decreased sleep, aggressive behaviour, self-muttering, disorganised behaviour, frequent spitting, biting and self-mutilation; he bit off his right ring finger and left thumb (Van Gogh syndrome). Self-harm behaviour was frequently evidenced by family members resulting in various injuries. The patient was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia and was treated with anti-psychotics which resulted in a decrease in his behavioural disturbances along with treatment for his self-mutilation injuries. Here we discuss Van Gogh syndrome’s presentation of self-mutilation in paranoid schizophrenia and its implications.
Endovascular treatment of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms using the novel Contour Neurovascular System: a single-center safety and feasibility study
Authors: Akhunbay-Fudge Christopher Yusuf , Deniz Kenan , Tyagi Atul Kumar , Patankar Tufail 
Published: January 2020

Background and purposeWide-necked bifurcation aneurysms pose a significant challenge to the treating clinician. The Contour Neurovascular System embolization device is a novel tool for the treatment of such intracranial aneurysms. We report on our experience with this device.MethodsProspective clinical and radiological data were collected for all patients treated with the Contour device at our center. All our patients were treated on an elective basis.ResultsWe have treated 11 patients successfully with the Contour device to date. All patients were women with a mean (SD) age of 65.0 (6.4) years. In total, four basilar tip, two internal carotid artery, three middle cerebral artery, one anterior communicating artery, and one superior cerebellar artery aneurysms were treated. At 1-year follow-up, complete occlusion (Raymond Class 1) was seen in 55.56% (5/9) of cases, with 44.44% (4/9) having small neck remnants (Raymond Class 2). One patient declined 1-year catheter angiography and another had no further follow-up due to an unrelated medical condition. For six patients, 2-year radiological follow-up is available and shows stability. At 6 weeks, nine of the 11 patients had a modifed Rankin Scale score of 0, with two patients scoring 1 for headaches. Two patients had thromboembolic events, but there were no complications leading to permanent neurological disability or death. We additionally had three patients where the Contour device was attempted but was unable to be successfully used.ConclusionInitial results are promising although larger case numbers and longer follow-up are necessary to draw further conclusions on the utility and risk profile of this new device.
Onset and duration of cis‐atracurium neuromuscular block during fentanyl and lidocaine infusions in isoflurane‐anaesthetised dogs
Authors: Ida Keila K , Van‐Wijnsberghe Anne Sophie , Tutunaru Alexandru , Limpens Véronique , Sauvage Aurélie , Serteyn Didier , Sandersen Charlotte 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThis retrospective study assessed the onset and duration of the neuromuscular block (NMB) induced by cis‐atracurium 0.15 mg/kg intravenously with and without fentanyl or lidocaine infusions in 45 isoflurane‐anaesthetised dogs.MethodsDogs with neuromuscular function assessed by a calibrated train‐of‐four (TOF) monitor with stimulation (every 13 s) of the peroneal nerve were included. The onset and duration of the NMB were defined as the time from cis‐atracurium administration until TOF=0 and the time during TOF=0 display, respectively.ResultsThe NMB onset was shorter during fentanyl (mean±sd) (1.9±0.7 minutes; P=0.0042) and lidocaine (2.0±0.7 minutes; P=0.0154) compared with control (2.9±0.8 minutes). The NMB duration was shorter in the fentanyl (27.5±7.3 minutes; P=0.0491), but not in the lidocaine group (32.3±6.9 minutes; P=0.0790), compared with control (33.7±9.1 minutes). The NMB onset was poorly but significantly correlated with the dose of fentanyl and lidocaine administered before cis‐atracurium (r=−0.3396; P=0.0225). The fentanyl and lidocaine groups received more crystalloid and colloid boluses than the control.ConclusionsFentanyl and lidocaine shortened the NMB onset and the former decreased the NMB duration. Further prospective studies are required to clarify whether this was associated with an indirect decrease in blood pressure or a direct interaction between cis‐atracurium and fentanyl and lidocaine.
Effects of functional training and 2 interdisciplinary interventions on maximal oxygen uptake and weight loss of women with obesity: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: La Scala Teixeira Cauê Vazquez , Caranti Danielle Arisa , Oyama Lila Missae , Padovani Ricardo da Costa , Cuesta Maria Gabriela Soria , Moraes Amanda dos Santos , Cerrone Letícia Andrade , Affonso Luiz Henrique Lima , Gil Silvandro dos Santos , dos Santos Ronaldo V. Thomatieli , Gomes Ricardo José 
Published: January 2020

Our aim was to analyze and compare functional training, interdisciplinary therapy, and interdisciplinary education on cardiorespiratory fitness (CF) and anthropometric characteristics of women with obesity. Forty-four women (age = 39.7 ± 5.9 years, body mass index (BMI) = 35.5 ± 2.8 kg/m2) completed 30 weeks of intervention randomly assigned to 3 groups: functional training (FT) (n = 14), interdisciplinary therapy (IT) (n = 19), and interdisciplinary education (IE) (n = 11). The FT group participated in the training program (3/week), the IT group received the same training intervention plus nutrition (1/week) and psychology advice (1/week) and physical therapy (1/week). The IE group participated in interdisciplinary lectures on topics related to health promotion (1/month). CF (ergospirometry), anthropometry, and body composition (electrical bioimpedance) were measured pre-intervention (Pre) and post-intervention (Post). CF increased (p ≤ 0.05) significantly (Pre vs. Post) in the FT (7.5%) and IT (10.8%) groups, but not in the IE group (1.8%). Body mass (BM), BMI, relative fat mass, and waist circumference significantly (p ≤ 0.05) decreased (Pre vs. Post) in IT (−4.4%, −4.4%, −2.3%, and −5.1%, respectively). The IE group showed a significant decrease in BM (−3.7%), BMI (−3.7%), and waist circumference (−3.5%), whereas the FT group promoted significant decrease in waist circumference (−3.4%). In conclusion, functional training increased CF but only interdisciplinary interventions improved the anthropometric profile of women with obesity. Novelty Interdisciplinary therapy provided more comprehensive adaptations in women with obesity, including morphological variables and CF. Functional training increased CF but reduced only abdominal obesity. Interdisciplinary education provided benefits on morphological variables, but it does not increase CF.
Quantum coherence under quantum fluctuation of spacetime
Authors: Huang Zhiming 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe examine the behaviors of quantum coherence (QC) for an uniformly accelerated gravitationally polarizable object interacting with fluctuating quantum gravitational field. We firstly derive the master equation that governs the system evolution. Then we discuss the evolution of QC affected by quantum gravitational fluctuation and acceleration. It is found that, within the framework of open quantum system, the equilibrium state of the gravitationally polarizable object is driven to a thermal incoherent state, which implies an accelerated gravitationally polarizable object immersing in a bath of fluctuating gravitational field can generate Unruh-like effect. In addition, QC under quantum gravitational fluctuation only can last for some time. In general, QC exponentially decays to zero with increasing evolution time and acceleration which is similar to the case of matter field.
Comment on “Comment on Linear confinement of a scalar particle in a Gödel-type space-time”
Authors: Neto Francisco A. Cruz , Soares Camila C. , Castro Luis B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe show that from an appropriate manipulation of the biconfluent Heun differential equation one can obtain the correct expression for the energy eigenvalues for the Klein–Gordon equation without potential in the background of Som–Raychaudhuri space-time with a cosmic string as a particular case ($$k_{L}=0$$kL=0) of Vitória et al. (Eur Phys J C 78(1):44, 2018), in opposition what was stated in a recent paper published in this journal (Ahmed in Eur Phys J C 79(8):682, 2019).
Thermodynamics and susceptibilities of isospin imbalanced QCD matter
Authors: Lu Zhen-Yan , Xia Cheng-Jun , Ruggieri Marco 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe study the thermodynamics and the susceptibilities of quark matter in the framework of two-flavor Nambu–Jona–Lasinio model at finite isospin chemical potential and temperature. Isospin number density, normalized energy density and trace anomaly are shown to be in good agreement with the available lattice data as well as with the results from chiral perturbation theory at zero temperature. We also study how susceptibilities depend on the isospin chemical potential and on temperature. We find a peak for the chiral, pion, and isospin susceptibilities at the critical isospin chemical potential, $$\mu _I^c(T)$$μIc(T), at the boundary of the phase transition between the normal and pion superfluid phase. Moreover, temperature makes the transition from normal to pion condensed phase smoother. We also note that the pion susceptibility always remains zero in the normal phase while it is finite in the superfluid phase.
Effect of high intense electron beam irradiation on structural and Raman properties of boron carbide micro powder
Authors: Mirzayev M. N. , Abdurakhimov B. A. , Jabarov S. H. , Tashmetov M. Yu. , Demir E. , Tiep N. V. , Ismayilova N. A. , Aliyev Y. I. , Popov E. , Mirzayeva D. M. , Karaaslan S. I. , Georgiev G. I. 
Published: January 2020

In the presented work, a boron carbide sample with a purity of 99.9%, particle size [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text]m and a density of [Formula: see text] was used. Boron carbide samples were irradiated with linear electrons in the energy range of 2.5 MeV at the doses of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] at room temperature. XRD results show that only in the crystal structure of [Formula: see text] compound, among boron carbide samples irradiated in the dose rate from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] phase transition does not occur. The observed decrease in the lattice parameter values was explained as the strengthening of the bonds as a result of the recombination of defects in the crystal by influencing electron fluence. Dynamics of Raman spectra change and analytic analysis of intensive and duplex modes in various electron fluxes in ([Formula: see text]) CBC-structure were performed and the occurring disorder in Raman active has been identified.