bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Banyu Urip Reservoir Daily Well Deliverability Monitoring
Authors: Widyasari Stephanie Sapti , Wahyudi Hendra , Metaray Yosevina , Patel Naynesh 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Banyu Urip is currently the largest carbonate oil field in Indonesia which contributes ~25% country's production target. The reservoir is producing from a combination drive mechanism with an original gas cap and a large aquifer. A dynamic production strategy is continuously implemented to achieve the production target. This paper presents an approach on reservoir surveillance strategy of Banyu Urip field in the mid-life production phase to meet production target while managing wells and facilities challenges as well as to cater to dynamic reservoir conditions. The final objectives are to understand optimum well deliverability and to do an effective reservoir monitoring and surveillance to maximize recovery.
Banyu Urip has been producing for almost 9 years so the gas oil contact is getting closer to the well perforations that is leading to gas breakthrough, confirmed by recent cased hole logging results. This condition becomes a challenge owing to facility limitation on gas processing system. In addition, there are multiple maintenance, operational and reservoir activites that lead to a variable rate throughout the day. Well limitations must be defined for each well to ensure they are operated at or below the optimal rate. In the absence of multiphase meter on each well, monthly well test data is being used to develop an equation which could relate measured flowing bottom-hole pressure (BHP) from the permanent down hole gauge to the produced rate and also to define BHP limit target on its maximum well capacity. Nodal analysis is being used to validate the equation.
The surveillance parameters are translated into a reservoir surveillance dashboard which includes maximum well deliverability, BHP limit, and real-time calculated rates. The real time data period in the dashboard could be adjusted to obtain historical data trends. This reservoir surveillance dashboard is a significant tool to ensure that all wells are at their optimum production, considering well and facility limitation. Remaining well capacity can also be calculated by comparing the measured flowing BHP vs BHP limit target. Well deliverability real time data is also effective to be used for determining well nomination to keep producing on optimum reservoir capacity when there is well maintenance/well work/high rate test activity. Producing all the wells at their optimum condition without exceeding its critical rate is one of the prudent reservoir management efforts to maximize recovery.
Operations team can use this tool as a practical guideline to monitor each well deliverability. The dashboard can also be effectively utilized in multifunctional team as a tool to manage the rate as operational needs dictate and maximize production.
Short and Long-Term Productivity Comparison of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid Systems in East Texas Cotton Valley Formation
Authors: Al-Alwani Mustafa A. , Britt Larry K. , Dunn-Norman Shari , Alkinani Husam H. , Al-Hameedi Abo Taleb , Cedeno Miguel A. , Al-Attar Atheer M. , Al-Bazzaz Waleed H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The aim of most hydraulic fracturing treatment is to design and implement the best stimulation strategies that help to increase the short and long-term productivity of the stimulated reservoir section. This can be achieved by selecting the best treatment fluid types that are compatible with the formation to achieve the best combination of fracture geometry and well's productivity. The main objective of this study is to investigate the short and long-term wells’ productivity for the different types of hydraulic fracturing treatment fluids in the East Texas Basin Cotton Valley formation.
Two hundred and sixty one Cotton Valley wells were identified and selected for this study. All the wells were horizontal and hydraulically fractured that were completed after 2012. The wells were classified based on the type of hydraulic fracturing fluid into four major groups: gel, water, cross-linked gel, and hybrid fracs. The hydraulic fracturing chemicals were obtained from FracFocus public record database. FracFocus data were processed then combined with production and completion data obtained from DrillingInfo database. Several data workflows were developed to classify the treatment fluid types based on the chemical ingredients of each fracturing treatment.
The productivity in this paper is reported in terms of equivalent barrel of oil which converts every 6 MCF of gas into 1 equivalent barrel of oil. This paper investigates the Cotton Valley initial production (BOE/Day), cumulative 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 5 years and compares the productivity for each type of hydraulic fracturing fluids. This work also provides several insights about the wells performance as a function to stimulation parameters such as the amount of pumped proppant, the volume of pumped water, and the length of the perforated horizontal lateral. The normalized production and stimulation parameters to the perforated lateral are also discussed in this paper.
This study discusses several data processing workflows that will help to illustrate the procedures to extract data from FracFocus and DrillingInfo. It provides an understanding of the hydraulic fracturing fluid types’ occurrence and measures the effect of stimulation and completion parameters on the short and long-term productivity.
A New Model to Infer Interwell Connectivity in Low Permeability Oil Field
Authors: Wang Xiang , Chen Cunliang , Han Xiaodong , He Yanfeng , Liu Xue , Lv Qichao , Dong Peng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a new model to infer interwell connectivity in low permeability oil field. Establishing connectivity among various injectors and producers is a key to improve the understanding of a reservoir under waterflood. This understanding improves the estimates for ultimate recovery and also helps to better define the future development plan. Because of the complex pore structure, the seepage law of low permeability oilfield is more complex. Therefore, it is difficult to study the interwell connectivity.
There is a threshold pressure gradient in fluid flow in low permeability reservoirs. Therefore, the productivity formula of low permeability reservoir is deduced from the equation of motion, which is a linear model when single phase flow or water cut is stable. Similar to the capacitance–resistance model (CRM), the productivity formula and the material balance equation are combined to get the calculation model of accumulative liquid production and cumulative water injection. And the connection coefficient is solved by using the least square principle and genetic algorithm.
Different numerical simulation cases are employed to validate the derived method. The traditional method is the relationship between the instantaneous liquid production and the instantaneous water injection, and this model is the relationship between the cumulative liquid production and the cumulative water injection. In addition, the paper presents a case study to compare findings from the results of the new model and the use of interwell tracer. The results obtained from the new model shows good agreement with the results obtained from interwell tracer. The new model has been applied to nearly many wells. Compared with the single-well dynamic analysis, the accuracy of the new model is very high, but the spent time is less than half of the single-well dynamic analysis.
This method is a rapid way to have a more reliable understanding of the reservoir heterogeneity and quick prediction of reservoir performance to optimize the waterflood. The method was applied to an oil field which is effective for establishing well interaction pattern. Recommendations were given to improve waterflood efficiency.
Novel Condensate Removal with in-Situ Pressure Generation Via Thermochemical Fluids in Different Sandstone Formations
Authors: Al-Nakhli Ayman , Hassan Amjed , Mahmoud Mohamed , BaTaweel Mohammed , Al-Majed Abdulaziz 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
With the increasing demand on gas worldwide, condensate banking represents a challenging problem in tight reservoirs and can significantly impair the production rate. Gas injection and water-altering gas are the common techniques used to avoid the condensate development by maintaining the reservoir pressure above the dew point curve. However, these treatments are associated with high operational costs and large initial investment, also they are considered as temporary methods.
This study presents a chemical treatment for permanent removal of condensate banking using thermochemical fluids. Chemicals are injected to react downhole and generate in-situ pressure and heat. High pressure will raise the gas pressure above the dew point, and the generated heat will change the phase of liquid condensate to gas. The effectiveness of thermochemical treatment in mitigating the condensate damage in different types of sandstone rocks is presented. The effect of mineralogical composition on the condensate removal was investigated. Also, the impact of clay content on the efficiency of thermochemical treatment was investigated.
Results showed that thermochemical treatment is an effective method for removing the condensate damage from different types of sandstone formations. Condensate removal of more than 60% was achieved using Huff and Puff injection mode. Good correlation between the rock permeability and the condensate removal efficiency was observed. Higher condensate removal was obtained for the rock samples of high permeability values. Moreover, the presence of sensititve clay minerals in the treated rock showed miner correlation on the effectiveness of condensate removal, which indicates that the injected chemicals are able to stabilize the clay minerals and avoid clay damage. No clay swelling or particle migration was induced during the thermochemical treatment, since no permeability reduction was observed for all samples. Instead, the treated samples showed higher permeability values after the injection of thermochemical fluids. In addition, the profiles of condensate removal indicate that three cycles of thermochemical injection are sufficient for mitigating the condensate banking, and small condensate removal can be achieved during the late cycles of Huff and Puff operation.
This paper shows that thermo-chemical treatment can remove more than 60% of the condensate damage for different types of tight sandstones. Huff and Puff treatment was found to be very practical to remediate the condensate banking from different sandstone rocks. Also, this work confirms that thermo-chemical treatment can be applied in the formation with sensitive clays for removing the condensate banking without affecting the clay stability or inducing clay damage.
Present Day Borehole Imager Technology Conveyed While Drilling in Highly Fractured Carbonate
Authors: Murtani Anom Seto , Setiawan Andreas L. , Syarif Zilman , Pasaribu Ihsan Taufik , Siburian Pasca , Juandi Dedi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The paper will discuss the advancement of recent technology high definition resistivity imager convey with drilling assembly (Logging While Drilling) to quantify fracture geometry and secondary porosity (vuggs) in highly fractured carbonate. Oligo- Miocene carbonate Kujung formation in East Java Basin will be penetrated with high angle well and completed with Inflow Control Device (ICD) to manage water breakthrough from the presence of the fracture. High definition borehole images typically required to quantify the fracture and vuggs and locate the potential water breakthrough.
High definition resistivity images conveyed with electrical cable has been used for decades to quantify fracture geometry and vuggs. However, the well's risk such as potential stuck and mud losses will be high when the well has been depleted and has high deviation well.
Recent development technology of logging while drilling high definition resistivity images has pixel resolution 0.25". The borehole image was acquired through an array of eight buttons that has the pixel sizes to 0.25" for each button. LWD high definition imaging tool has an advantage of scanning 360 deg along the borehole's circumference without any gap along the borehole. The images acquired while drilling then processed with advance processing to quantify fracture geometry and classification of the porosity in the carbonate system for further optimization on inflow control device position and geometry.
Breakthrough in Drilling Performance Using Advanced Dynamic Modelling
Authors: Galaby Amir , Cardenas Miguel , Cengiz Ozgur , Ibrahim Sameh , Krikor Ara , Sebanne Slimane , Fedorov Artem 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Downhole tool failures induced by drill string vibrations was one of the leading causes of non-productive time in a deep exploratory field in southern Iraq. To improve drilling efficiency, it was paramount to understand the primary source of potential drilling dysfunction before commencing field development phase.
To overcome the challenge, a finite element analysis (FEA) study was developed to simulate the drillstring transient dynamic behavior from bit back to surface. The model has been utilized to quantify the potential vibration, contact force, torque, displacement and other high-interest parameters of every drillstring component in the wellbore.
To fully exploit the modeling algorithms, it is required to input a comprehensive dataset including mechanical rock properties, cutting structure design, bit drive mechanism, drillstring physical characteristics, 3D well profile and expected drilling parameters. Using offset well data, surface and downhole measurements, and a thorough knowledge of drilling equipment, the model creates a virtual drilling environment simulating the downhole drilling conditions enabling the evaluation of the source of inefficiency. Finally, the model is validated for its accuracy by comparing its outcomes with actual field acquired data.
By accurately modeling the drillsting interaction with the drilling environment, the operating company was able to evaluate different BHA options to safely drill the wells and by reducing harmful vibrations, minimizing tool failures, increasing ROP, this translates to a reduction of drilling time by 24%.
This paper will share with the industry a case study demonstrating the value of the utilization of the advanced dynamic modeling which has been able to save over 500 K$ per well to the operating company by an efficient selection and placement of drill string components. This approach has enabled to outperform past drilling performance and has become the norm in similar fields in southern Iraq.
Field Implementation of Nutrient Huff and Puff in Bentayan Field, South Sumatera: Towards a Low-Cost EOR
Authors: Ariadji T. , Astuti D. I. , Priharto N. , Ananggadipa A. A. , Persada G. P. , Subiantoro E. , Erwanto P. E. , Abqory M. H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Previous laboratory studies have shown that the combination of molasses and commercially-available fertilizer (NPK and ((NH4)2HPO4) can stimulate bacterial growth that decreases oil viscosity and interfacial tension (IFT). In this project, a huff-and-puff field implementation of MEOR nutrient injection has been conducted in two selected wells in Bentayan Field, South Sumatera, BN-38, and BN-81. The project objective is to evaluate and analyze the effect of nutrient injection towards oil recovery, changes of indigenous microbes that alter oil characteristics from the two selected wells during three months of post-nutrient injection monitoring phase. Changes of oil production were measured in-line after the gross produced liquid passes through a separator unit. The abundance of aerobic, anaerobic, and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) was examined by using Total Plate Count (TPC) method, while anaerobic bacteria and SRB were cultivated using the Hungate technique. The chemical compositions of the oil were analyzed before and after nutrient injection by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Fluid analysis of the oil (kinematic viscosity and interfacial tension) were measured by viscometer and IFT meter. The program of nutrient injection started with 500 bbls of first nutrient injection, followed by 100 bbls of post-flush 1, 500 bbls of second nutrient injection, 100 bbls of post flush 2, soaking for 14 days, 2000 bbls post-flush 3, and soaking for seven days. Based on the results of bacterial abundance analysis for three months, there was an increase of almost 1000-fold of total aerobic bacteria abundance and 10-fold of anaerobic bacteria abundance after nutrient injection. The expansion of bacterial abundance successfully changed the physical-chemical condition of the oil, decreasing oil viscosity by approximately 24% and IFT by 47%. In both wells, water cut values were decreased from 99% to 92%, and incremental oil was gained by 1395 barrels. Huff and puff nutrient injection seems to be low-cost EOR since it can be included in the daily operating cost with the additional cost of workforce, nutrient, monitoring, and analysis. Economic analysis calculation of this project resulted in Pay-out-Time (POT) by four months with an incremental gain of approximately 1750 barrels.
Features of O&G Supply and Demand and Trend of E&D under the Low Oil Price Cycle
Authors: Chen Yu , Lu Ying 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The oil and gas supply and demand pattern, "two supply belts, three consumption centers", remains basically unchanged. However, the unconventionaloil and gas output in the United States continues to grow rapidly, resulting in an oversupply of oil and gas around the world, which has an impact on the international oil price, so there is a profound impact on global exploration and development under the background of the low oil price.
First, OPEC and Russia continued to cut supply, while the production growth of unconventional oil and gas in the United States realized its oil and gas exports, driving the change of the oil and gas geopolitical structure. Second, the global demand for crude oil grew moderately, slower than that for natural gas. Third, exploration investment plummeted under the low oil price, while newly proven reserves around the world continued to decrease. Fourth, development investment returned to low-cost and high-quality mature oil fields, while new capacity was reduced.
However, with the gradual recovery of the international oil price in the future, the global oil and gas development will show a new trend. It is expected that the upstream construction costs will rise, with onshore costs recovering faster than that of the sea areas. If the global exploration and development investment continues to decline in the future, the global oil and gas will be in short supply in the next three to five years, which will once again affect the current tight balance between oil and gas supply and demand.
Therefore, it is expected that both the oil price and the exploration and development investment will increase in 2018, and the game between OPEC and the United States will continue.
Comprehensive Approach to Assess the Productivity of Tight Zones in Contrasted Permeability Reservoirs
Authors: AlSada Abdullah , Bouaouaja Mohamed , Alyan Essam 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a generic workflow to assess direct and indirect production in reservoirs with layered contrasted permeability. The objectives are to quantify the total individual production split from those zones when compared to volumetric and evaluate the productivity efficiency.
The workflow comprehensively integrates reservoir surveillance tools such as Production Logging Tools (PLTs) to perform a zonal decline analysis through analytical approach. The numerical simulation modeling is utilized to support this assessment. The paper describes a method of capitalizing the flowmeter results and correlate them with production decline to identify the volumes swept from the tighter zones of interest.
The workflows identifies, as a result of this analysis, the split of the two portions of this swept volumes in the tight zones : a portion easy to identify, as it is produced directly through the logged wellbore or migrated vertically to most permeable zones to build-up on the attic portions of the reservoir. Such analysis when conducted in a specific field and coupled with simulation result is a powerful tool to decide on the actual mechanism affecting the sweep including the importance of gravity and percolation process. Consequently, strategic decision could be taken based on the options to develop the contrasted zones. This is including the decisions on wells configuration, whether it is more justified to fetch the tight zones volumes through vertical wells or to rationally exploiting the top layer through horizontal wells.
The workflow was applied to real case study and showed a quantitative conclusive result, it demonstrated the equilibrium, required to maintain, in the withdrawals ratio of the contrasted zones. This equilibrium will ensure to have a better sweep of lower productivity zone.
Effective Propellent Design for Mature Well Production Enhancement
Authors: Al Kalbani Mahmood , Al Saadi Hassan , Mirza Muhammad , Jumaat Shafie , Al Rasbi Said 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a field study of reperforation on three vertical oil producers wells suffering poor reservoir quality by combining deep penetration charges guns with propellent materials. Perforation charges will form the perforation tunnel and secondly the burning of the propellent material will create high gas pulse that will go through the perforating tunnels and create near wellbore fractures to overcome the near wellbore damage and improve communication with the reservoir and hence improve productivity.
Propellent simulations were carried out and results show the ability to create fractures and the estimated fracture lengths would extend beyond the wellbore damage, improving the communication between the formation and the wellbore. The propellent is in the form of sleeves installed and secured over the conventional gun carrier loaded with deep penetration charges. When the guns are detonated, the sleeve charge is ignited and instantly producing a burst of high-pressure gas which goes through perforating tunnels to generate fractures near the wellbore. The perforating job was designed with the wells on balance to enhance their productivity. The guns with propellent sleeve were successfully deployed in the wells with downhole pressure transient recorded using fast-recording pressure gauge.
After this work on Well-1, Well-2 and Well-3, several months of production monitoring of those wells show the success of the technique and demonstrate an area of applicability in such mature, low pressure reservoir suffering from near wellbore damage. The simulation of the work and how the actual gauge job data matched the simulation have been an important factor in the success in enhancing the well real performance.