bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induction of Efficacy Expectancies in an Ambulatory Smartphone-Based Digital Placebo Mental Health Intervention: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Stalujanis Esther , Neufeld Joel , Glaus Stalder Martina , Belardi Angelo , Tegethoff Marion , Meinlschmidt Gunther 
Published: November 2020

Background
There is certain evidence on the efficacy of smartphone-based mental health interventions. However, the mechanisms of action remain unclear. Placebo effects contribute to the efficacy of face-to-face mental health interventions and may also be a potential mechanism of action in smartphone-based interventions.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate whether different types of efficacy expectancies as potential factors underlying placebo effects could be successfully induced in a smartphone-based digital placebo mental health intervention, ostensibly targeting mood and stress.

Methods
We conducted a randomized, controlled, single-blinded, superiority trial with a multi-arm parallel design. Participants underwent an Android smartphone-based digital placebo mental health intervention for 20 days. We induced prospective efficacy expectancies via initial instructions on the purpose of the intervention and retrospective efficacy expectancies via feedback on the success of the intervention at days 1, 4, 7, 10, and 13. A total of 132 healthy participants were randomized to a prospective expectancy–only condition (n=33), a retrospective expectancy–only condition (n=33), a combined expectancy condition (n=34), or a control condition (n=32). As the endpoint, we assessed changes in efficacy expectancies with the Credibility Expectancy Questionnaire, before the intervention and on days 1, 7, 14, and 20. For statistical analyses, we used a random effects model for the intention-to-treat sample, with intervention day as time variable and condition as two factors: prospective expectancy (yes vs no) and retrospective expectancy (yes vs no), allowed to vary over participant and intervention day.

Results
Credibility (β=−1.63; 95% CI −2.37 to −0.89; P<.001) and expectancy (β=−0.77; 95% CI −1.49 to −0.05; P=.04) decreased across the intervention days. For credibility and expectancy, we found significant three-way interactions: intervention day×prospective expectancy×retrospective expectancy (credibility: β=2.05; 95% CI 0.60-3.50; P=.006; expectancy: β=1.55; 95% CI 0.14-2.95; P=.03), suggesting that efficacy expectancies decreased least in the combined expectancy condition and the control condition.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first empirical study investigating whether efficacy expectancies can be successfully induced in a specifically designed placebo smartphone-based mental health intervention. Our findings may pave the way to diminish or exploit digital placebo effects and help to improve the efficacy of digital mental health interventions.

Trial Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02365220; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02365220.
THE EFFECT OF GOVERNMENTAL LAWS AND PHARMACEUTICAL ETHICS ON BUILDING A DISTINCTIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHARMACISTS AND THEIR CUSTOMERS
Authors: ABDELMALEK (ABUJARAD ALHUWITAT) MAYSOON 
Published: November 2020

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of governmental laws and pharmaceutical ethics on building a distinctive relationship between pharmacists and their customers from the perspective of pharmacists in Jordan through measuring the customers’ satisfaction and their perceived value.
Methods: This study is a descriptive and correlative one. A self-administrated questionnaire was distributed to a random sample of 110 pharmacists working in private pharmacies to measure the effect of governmental laws and pharmaceutical ethics on building a distinctive relationship between pharmacists and customers.
Results: ANOVA-test showed a significant effect of governmental laws and pharmaceutical ethics on building a distinctive relationship between pharmacists and their customers (p = 0.003) and on the customer–perceived value (p = 0.00). Multiple regression analysis showed a significant effect of the application of ethical standards on building a distinctive relationship between pharmacists and their customers (p = 0.006) and a significant effect of both dimensions: (application of laws and regulations) and (application of ethical standards) on customer–perceived value (p = 0.004, p = 0.009) respectively. Moreover, there was a statistically significant effect of the application of ethical standards on customers’ satisfaction (p = 0.03).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, there should be an effort by the government and the private institutions responsible for the pharmacy profession in Jordan to contribute to build a distinctive relationship between pharmacies and their customers, as this relationship increases the perceived value and satisfaction of customers.
DRUG UTILIZATION EVALUATION OF ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR BLOCKER (ARB) ALONG WITH THEIR ADRS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: RIYASAT MOHAMMAD , SHAMIM MD. , HARIA JIGAR , ALI MOHAMMAD DAUD , HUSSAIN MAHFOOZ , ALAM MD. SARFARAZ , AHMAD SARFARAZ 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To evaluate the drug utilization of Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) along with their ADRs in a tertiary care hospital. And to monitor, report of adverse drug reaction and drug interactions, if any.
Methods: The patients who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled into the study. The pertinent data such as demographic details, drug name, dose, frequency, and laboratory data were gathered from medical records of the patient and results were analyzed.
Results: Total of 100 patients were included in this study, the maximum utilization of antihypertensive drug (ARB) was telmisartan (90%) and widely use of ARBs in the age group of 41-50 y. Total 32 ADRs were observed and most probable ADRs included headache (42.8%), Nausea (14.28%) and dizziness (12.5%).
Conclusion: Telmisartan was the most prescribed and utilized drug than the other drugs of ARBs. Maximum ADRs were noted in females, the most frequent ADRs headache, nausea and dizziness were reported. The majority of reactions were probable on causality assessment done by WHO-UMC and Naranjo’s scale having mild severity. So it can be concluded that considering risk factors, prevention and management of ADRs can drastically improve the therapeutic outcomes of the patients.
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE EFFECTS OF AN ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF THE HYDRO-ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SYNEDRELLA NODIFLORA (L) GAERTN
Authors: AMOATENG PATRICK , BEKOE EMELIA OPPONG , AMPONSAH SETH KWABENA , APPIAH-OPONG REGINA , OSEI-SAFO DORCAS , N’GUESSAN BENOIT BANGA , CHAITANYA M. V. N. L. , RAJESHKUMAR RAMAN , DHANABAL S. P. 
Published: November 2020

Objective: Synedrella nodiflora is traditionally used in the treatment of several ailments. Pharmacologically, this plant has anticonvulsant, sedative, anti-nociceptive and anti-proliferative effects. This study further investigated S. nodiflora for its antioxidant and in vitro inhibition of cancerous cell lines.
Methods: Phytochemical assays, and the DPPH radical scavenging method were employed in preliminary screening for antioxidant activities of the crude hydro-ethanolic extract (SNE) and resulting fractions. The potent ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), was further investigated for total phenol and flavonoid contents, reducing power, lipid peroxidation potential, and cytotoxic effects on human breast cancer (MCF-7), leukemic (Jurkat), and normal liver (Chang’s liver) cell lines.
Results: The extract contained phenols, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, sterols, terpenoids, and alkaloids. It scavenged for DPPH with an IC50 of 114 µg/ml, whereas that of EAF was 8.9 µg/ml. EAF prevented peroxidation of egg lecithin at an IC50 of 24.01±0.08 µg/ml. These IC50s are four and three times lower than the reference standards. EAF produced anti-proliferative effects against MCF-7, and Jurkat cell lines with IC50s of 205.2 and 170.9 µg/ml, respectively. EAF had a high IC50 of 252.2 µg/ml against Chang’s liver cells. At 0.1 mg/ml EAF had similar total flavonoid content to SNE, but a significantly higher total phenol content.
Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction of S. nodiflora, exhibited the most potent antioxidant activity. It inhibited the proliferation of breast and leukemic cancer cell lines, whiles having weak cytotoxic effect on normal liver cells. These can be explored for further drug development.
Efeito do exercício calistênico na dor e capacidade cardiorrespiratória de idosos com Doença Arterial Obstrutiva Periférica
Authors: Marin Lilian , Salerno Alessandra Paula , Variani Flavia 
Published: November 2020

Introdução: A Doença Arterial Obstrutiva Periférica (DAOP) é uma doença vascular que provoca diminuição ou obstrução dos vasos que conduzem o sangue. O tratamento fisioterapêutico é apontado como o primeiro procedimento a ser adotado no combate da DAOP e seus sintomas clínicos, uma vez pode ser aplicado a todos os indivíduos, pela sua facilidade de aplicabilidade. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito de um programa de exercício fisioterapêutico de curto prazo em idosos com DAOP. Materiais e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de caso no qual participaram três idosos, estes foram submetidos a avaliação fisioterapêutica com a utilização da escala de claudicação de Edimburg (1983), escala de Borg, escala visual analógica do dor (EVA) e teste de caminhada de 6 min, após submetidos a um protocolo de exercícios de 10 intervenções consecutivas Conclusão: Com a análise dos resultados pode-se verificar que intervenção fisioterapêutica precoce em indivíduos com DAOP há menos de três meses, gerou boas respostas em curto período de tempo, Evidenciou-se na variável EVA a qual demonstrou melhores resultados, diminuindo de 07 para 0. Na Distância Prevista obtiva–se maiores resultados quando comparado à avaliação inicial e final. Houve modificações significativas também na PAS e FC quando comparado avaliação final e inicial.
Pozycja ustrojowa Państwowej Komisji do spraw wyjaśniania przypadków czynności skierowanych przeciwko wolności seksualnej i obyczajności wobec małoletniego poniżej lat 15
Authors: Klimaszewski Michał 
Published: November 2020

Aktualnie istotnym społecznie problemem, wybrzmiewającym w przestrzeni dyskusji publicznej, jest brak w przeszłości właściwej reakcji organów państwa oraz różnych instytucjispołecznych na zjawisko seksualnego wykorzystania małoletnich poniżej 15. roku życia. Doprowadziło to w wielu przypadkach do przedawnienia tych przestępstw i braku możliwościukarania sprawców, a co za tym idzie poczucia głębokiej niesprawiedliwości wśród ofiar tych czynów. Podobna sytuacja dotyczyła procederu niezawiadamiania organów ścigania o takichprzestępstwach pomimo posiadania wiarygodnych informacji. Prawną odpowiedzią na taki stan rzeczy jest powołanie nowego organu administracji w postaci Państwowej Komisji dospraw wyjaśniania przypadków czynności skierowanych przeciwko wolności seksualnej i obyczajności wobec małoletniego poniżej lat 15. Przedmiotem analizy jest wskazanie pozycjiustrojowej Komisji przez pryzmat innych instytucji działających w polskim porządku prawnym, takich jak RPO i RPD. Wskazanie kompetencji Komisji oraz statusu członków pozwala określić ewentualne zagrożenia występujące w procesie działania i realizacji przypisanych zadań. W dotychczasowej literaturze przedmiotu brakuje podobnych analiz, ponieważ akcent dyskusji naukowej został położony na prawnokarne gwarancje osoby, która na mocy wprowadzonych zmian może być wpisana do Rejestru Sprawców Przestępstw na Tle Seksualnym. Rozważania prowadzone są metodą porównawcza, analizują rozwiązania ustrojowe w stosunku do działania i sposobu organizacji innych organów szeroko rozumianej administracji państwowej, skupiają się na mechanizmach gwarantujących skuteczną pracę Komisji.
Rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to primary aortoesophageal fistula - a case report
Authors: Bürtin Florian , Fischer Daniela , Yücel Seyrani , Klar Ernst , Alsfasser Guido 
Published: November 2020

Background:
The incidence of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) has declined over the recent decades, and nowadays, due to improved endoscopic treatment options, only 2.6% of the patients with UGIB need additional surgical or angiographic intervention. In this report, we present the case of UGIB, refractory to endoscopic treatment, caused by a primary aortoesophageal fistula.

Case Presentation:
A 72-year-old man with acute UGIB was referred to our clinic after unsuccessful endoscopic and surgical treatment in an external hospital. On admission, the patient showed prolonged hemorrhagic shock and abdominal compartment syndrome. An immediately conducted thoracoabdominal CT scan revealed a penetrating aortic ulcer of the descending aorta and the patient was transferred to the OR to undergo laparotomy. After confirmation of a primary aortoesophageal fistula as the origin of hemorrhage, an aortic stent graft was successfully placed to occlude the lesion. Despite severe blood loss and prolonged hemorrhagic shock, the patient recovered quickly and could be discharged on the 18th postoperative day.

Conclusion:
Primary aortoenteric fistula is an uncommon clinical condition with a high mortality requiring an interdisciplinary treatment approach.
PENDEKATAN PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK BERBASIS ETNOMATEMATIKA DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Uskono Irmina Veronika , Lakapu Meryani , Jagom Yohanes Ovaritus , Dosinaeng Wilfridus Beda Nuba , Bria Kornelis 
Published: November 2020

Buna is one of the woven motifs from Insana, East Nusa Tenggara Province that uses geometric motifs like a rhombus. Rhombus is a challenging material so students only memorize the formula without understanding the concept. In order to overcome this problem, a weaving learning based on ethnomathematics has been proposed. The purpose of this study is to understand the impact on the learning achievement of students of the implementation of a realistic mathematical approach based on ethnomathematics. This is a quantitative study using a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population for this study is all fifth-grade students of SDN Bestobe, Insana District. Pretest and posttest results obtained are used for the analysis. The statistical test used is a paired sample t-test. The results show that the implementation of realistic mathematical learning based on ethnomathematics has a substantial influence on the learning achievement of mathematics students. These results contribute to adding empirical evidence related to the relationship between Ethnomathematics-based Realistic Mathematics Education approaches to student achievement.
Advances in Surfactants in Foliar Application of Agrochemicals on Mango Leaf Surfaces
Authors: Shah Pawan , Bhattarai Ajaya 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The surface tension, pH and contact angle of the wetting liquid as well as the complex composition of the leaf surface are important parameters to describe the spreading, wettability and absorption of agrochemicals on the leaf surfaces. The contact angle of aqueous solutions of agrochemicals (multi-micronutrient fertilizers, growth regulator and insecticides) with/without Leaf guard, bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate sodium salt (AOT) and Sapindus mukorrossi (Ritha) were measured over the surface of mango leaves. The order of contact angle (mean) values was found to be AOT < Ritha < Leaf guard, which implies that AOT is a better wetting agent, but Ritha has a higher range of adhesion work because of its acidic nature (low pH). The wetting free energy was found to be more negative in the presence of Leaf guard, Ritha and AOT than in water, which indicates that wetting is more spontaneous in the presence of surfactants. The adaxial surface of mango leaves had a higher surface free energy than the abaxial part and hence showed higher wettability than the abaxial part.
Phân tích tĩnh tấm bằng vật liệu fgm xốp trên nền đàn hồi Pasternak theo phương pháp chuyển vị có kể đến tính phi tuyến hình học và vị trí mặt trung hòa
Authors: Hải Lê Thanh , Long Nguyễn Văn , Tú Trần Minh , Bình Chu Thanh 
Published: November 2020

Bài báo xây dựng nghiệm giải tích dựa trên lý thuyết biến dạng cắt bậc nhất để phân tích phi tuyến ứng xử uốn của tấm FGM xốp đặt trên nền đàn hồi Pasternak. Vị trí mặt trung hòa cùng ba loại phân bố lỗ rỗng: đều, đối xứng, bất đối xứng được xét đến. Bằng việc sử dụng phương pháp Galerkin, lời giải giải tích theo phương pháp chuyển vị đã được thiết lập với các điều kiện biên khác nhau. Độ tin cậy của mô hình lý thuyết cũng như chương trình tính viết trên nền Matlab được kiểm chứng với kết quả của một số tác giả khác đã công bố. Các ví dụ số đã được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá ảnh hưởng của dạng phân bố và hệ số lỗ rỗng, tỉ số kích thước các cạnh, các hệ số nền đàn hồi Pasternak và điều kiện biên đến độ võng, các thành phần mô men uốn nội lực trong tấm FGM xốp.
Từ khóa:
phân tích uốn phi tuyến; tấm vật liệu FGM xốp; lời giải giải tích; lý thuyết biến dạng cắt bậc nhất; tiếp cận chuyển vị.
Appréhender le monde selon la théologie naturelle : l’enseignement des sciences au pensionnat des Ursulines de Québec (1830–1910)
Authors: Lafrance Mélanie 
Published: November 2020

Dans les années 1830, les Ursulines de Québec cherchaient à donner un nouvel essor à leur maison d’éducation. Parmi les nouvelles matières ajoutées à leur curriculum figuraient des leçons d’astronomie, de physique, de chimie, de botanique, de zoologie, de minéralogie et de géologie. Cet enseignement s’est perpétué jusqu’au XXe siècle. Pourquoi enseigner les sciences à des filles que l’on souhaitait « plus dévotes et vertueuses, que savantes »? Quatre finalités émergent de l’analyse : attirer les pensionnaires, leur révéler l’œuvre du Créateur, développer leur sens pratique et les instruire. Les leçons de sciences des Ursulines, ancrées dans la théologie de la nature et fondées sur des exercices pratiques, apparaissent conformes au modèle d’éducation des filles promu à l’époque. Elles s’en distinguent néanmoins par la valeur accordée à l’instruction des demoiselles.
Pembuatan Fukosantin Nanospare dengan Metode Gelasi Ionik dan Uji Efektivitas Antioksidan
Authors: Aisyah Rizka , Rachmat Rachmaniar , Rahmat Deni , Noviendri Dedi 
Published: November 2020

Fukosantin merupakan pigmen dari golongan karetenoid yang terdapat pada rumput laut coklat. Fukosantin memiliki sifat sebagai antioksidan, karena fukosantin mudah terdegredasi oleh pH, suhu dan cahaya. Untuk melindungi fukosantin dari degradasi tersebut maka dibuat menjadi sediaan nanospare. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapakan senyawa fukosantin yang mempunyai efektivitas antioksidan yang baik dan stabil. Ekstraksi dengan metode maserasi dan mengisolasi fukosantin dengan menggunakan metode kromatografi kolom, fukosantin dianalisis menggunakan metode kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi dengan metode elusi gradien. Pembuatan fukosantin nanospare dengan metode gelasi ionic, metode ini dipilih karena tidak menggunakan energi panas yang bisa merusak efektivitas antioksidan fukosantin. Rendemen ekstrak kasar dan fukosantin, masing-masing 4,98 % dan 1,48 %, Fukosantin teridentifikasi dengan nilai Rf yaitu 0,5. Total kandungan fukosantin sebesar 0,919 mg/g. Gugus fungsi fukosantin terdiri dari alcohol, alkana, alkena, ester, metil dan alkena aromatik. Ukuran nanospare fukosantin yaitu 28,25 dan zeta potensial -5,76. Nilai IC50 nanospare fukosantin yaitu 98,24 masuk kategori kuat.
Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil tentang Buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA) (Study Kasus di BPM Noor Naini Kelurahan Podorejo Kota Semarang)
Authors: Erawati Ambar Dwi , Alfiani Novita , Kurniasih Dewi 
Published: November 2020

Buku KIA merupakan buku catatan kesehatan untuk ibu mulai dari hamil, bersalin, nifas, dan kesehatan anak mulai dari bayi baru lahir hingga balita, juga terdapat informasi cara merawat kesehatan ibu dan anak. Manfaatannya tidak saja sebagai alat komunikasi, Konseling, akan tetapi juga sebagai instrumen pencatatan pelayanan kesehatan yang diterima sejak ibu hamil sampai anak usia 6 tahun. Hasil survey pendahuluan di BPM Noo Aini banyak ibu hamil yang dating ke bidan dengan keluhan yang sebenarnya merupakan keluhan yang wajar akan tetapi pasien tersebut merasa cemas. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang buku kesehatan ibu dan anak (KIA). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan metode survei. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 115 ibu hamil di BPM Noor Naini, sampel ditentukan dengan rumus Solvin diperoleh 54 responden. Teknik sampling yang digunakan Teknik Accidental. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah wawancara dengan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 54 responden jumlah terbanyak kategori pengetahuan cukup sebanyak 32 ibu hamil (59,3%). Harapan peneliti selanjutnya dapat mengembangkan penelitian lebih lanjut terkait tentang buku kesehatan ibu dan anak (KIA).
Demographic Characteristics of 1082 Positive Cases of COVID-19 Patients: Experience at National Referral Laboratory of Bangladesh
Authors: Akram Arifa , Yeasmin Mahmuda , Khan THM Enayet Ullah , Khan Mohammad Abdullah Az Zubayer , Monir Md Bayzid Bin , Tarana Mst Naznin , Arina Sunzida , Molla Md Maruf Ahmed , Nafisa Tasnim , Yusuf Md Abdullah , Badiuzzaman Shaikh , Ali Md Khan Zahan , Mamun Abu Ahammad Al , Shamsuzzaman AKM 
Published: November 2020

Background: COVID-19 has now become a pandemic.
Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the demographic features with infection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in 4/5 divisions of Bangladesh.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at National institute of Laboratory Medicine and Referral Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh from 15th April to 30th April, 2020. It was performed RT-PCR for 2462 cases within the time frame and 1082 samples were positive for SARS CoV-2. Patient demographic characteristics including age, gender, occupation and blood group was investigated.
Results: The mean age of positive cases was 40.2 ± 15.33 years, 426 (39%) cases were 25-39 years of age. The majority of cases were male (71%) and the predominant blood group was B positive (37%).
Conclusions: In conclusion male gender, younger age and blood group B positive are more commonly suffering from COVID-19 infection.
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, October 2020;7(suppl_2):S22-S26
Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention Strategies of Human Coronavirus: A Review
Authors: Shaukat Ayisha , Javed Muhammad Saqib 
Published: November 2020

Coronaviruses is a group of virus which infects many species of animals, including humans. The rapid outbreak of COVID-19 raised serious attention at national and international levels and it was recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The disease model comprised of three different phases: replication of virus, hyperactivity of immune system and pulmonary cells destruction. For the diagnosis of asymptomatic carriers, viral nucleic acid (RNA) can be detected by using pharyngeal swab. Isolation of infected persons prevents the transmission and spread risk of the disease. Therapy includes use of oxygen therapy, high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and methylprednisolone (IV) and in severe cases adrenaline (IV). Anti-viral drugs such as ritonavir plus lopinavir per-orally and antibiotics (moxifloxacin or any antibiotic) were administered by IM/IV route to prevent secondary bacterial infection. Education campaigns are launched to promote different precautionary measures to avoid disease transmission.
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, October 2020;7(suppl_2):S34-S37