bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating a Global Inclusive Perspective into Coursework for Pre-service Teachers
Authors: Ottley Jennifer R. , Hartman Sara L. , Bates Perianne , Baker Sarah 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Intercultural competence is a necessary disposition for teachers in the United States who instruct an increasingly diverse group of P-12 students in inclusive settings. Viewing the world and inclusive practices from multicultural and global perspectives can be difficult when the majority of one's experiences occur within their own culture. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to describe how a teacher educator connected her 40 early childhood pre-service teachers to broader national and global inclusive practice issues via project-based learning activities. Data were collected using a brief, researcher-developed questionnaire and analyzed using thematic pattern analysis and constant comparison methodology. Findings show that pre-service teachers knew little about the global issues prior to the activities, were interested and engaged in the activities, developed global knowledge and perspectives through participation, and held varying levels of cultural competence after participation. While growth in knowledge regarding national and global inclusive practices is important, teacher educators should make concerted efforts to expand teachers' perceptions beyond monocultural views into deeper, multicultural perspectives regarding global inclusive practice.
Roles of Special Educators in St. Lucia: Implications of Policy and Practice on Inclusion
Authors: Lubin Jacqueline 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Using an adaptation of Brownell and Smith's (1993) conceptual model, this study sought to examine the perception of primary and secondary special educators in St. Lucia of their roles as compared to roles of special education teachers universally. A survey, consisting of 89 Likert-scale statements and five closed ended questions, was administered to the entire population (i.e. 82) of special educators in primary and secondary schools in St. Lucia. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics including percentages, means, and t-tests. The independent sample t-test was used to determine the difference in the frequency of role engagement between the two groups of special educators. The results revealed that like special educators globally, special education teachers in St. Lucia engaged in all roles under study (i.e., Academic instruction, Non-academic instruction, Instructional Support, Responsive Behavior Management, Special Education Assessment, Classroom Assessment, Special Education Paperwork) but engaged in them at varying degrees. They regarded all but one role (i.e. Responsive Behavior Management) to be very-to-extremely important. Respondents utilized a continuum of practices from exclusionary to inclusionary but made greater use of exclusionary practices. Implications as well as recommendations to improve practice are discussed.
Exposure to 1-bromopropane vapors during pregnancy enhances the development of hippocampal neuronal excitability in rat pups during lactation
Authors: Fueta Yukiko , Ueno Susumu , Ishidao Toru , Yoshida Yasuhiro , Kanda Yasunari , Hori Hajime 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Although 1-Bromopropane (1-BP) exposure has been reported to cause neurotoxicity in adult humans and animals, its effects on the development of the central nervous system remain unclear. Recently, we reported delayed developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) upon 1-BP exposure in rats. Here we aimed to study the effect of prenatal 1-BP exposure on the hippocampal excitability in the juvenile offspring.

Methods
Pregnant Wistar rats were exposed to vaporized 1-BP for 20 days (6 h/d) with concentrations of 0 (control), 400, or 700 ppm. Hippocampal slices were prepared from male offspring during postnatal days (PNDs) 13, 14, and 15. Field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) and population spike (PS) were recorded simultaneously from the CA1 region.

Results
In the exposed groups, the stimulation/response relationships of fEPSP slope and PS amplitude were enhanced more than in the control group at PND 14. Analysis of fEPSP-spike coupling demonstrated increased values of Top and Eslope50 in the exposed groups. Real-time PCR analysis showed a significant increase in the mRNA levels of the adult type Nav1.1 Na+ channel subunit and the GluR1 glutamate receptor subunit in the hippocampus of the 700 ppm group at PND 14.

Conclusions
Our results provide evidence that prenatal exposure to 1-BP accelerates developmental enhancement of hippocampal excitability in the pups before eye-opening. The current study suggests that our evaluation method of DNT is applicable to the industrial chemical 1-BP.
Fire risk assessment in fire hazardous zones of gasoline stations
Authors: Chaiklieng Sunisa , Dacherngkhao Thawatchai , Suggaravetsiri Pornnapa , Pruktharathikul Vichai 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objective
This cross-sectional study aimed to assess fire risk in fire hazardous zones (FHZ) at the dispenser areas of gasoline stations.

Methods
There were 47 stations chosen for fire risk assessment and two zones around the dispenser area of each station were assessed. The assessments were carried out by applying the matrix (3 × 4) of fire risk assessment by multipliers of opportunities level of hazard occurrence and the subsequent severity of the incident.

Results
Across the 47 gasoline stations studied, there was an average of 23 ± 12 nozzles and none had vapor recovery systems (VRS) on dispenser nozzles. The average daily amount of gasoline sold was 3382 L. Each gasoline station had an average of 10 ± 5 workers/station; they all worked within a 1.5 meter radius of the dispenser (FHZ-I); and they used cellphones &gt;4 hours/day. The average level of flammable gas was in the range 1.3%-7.4% LEL-UEL (6.2% ± 5.2%). The fire risk was found to be an intolerable risk in FHZ-I at 40 stations (85.1%) and FHZ-II at 10 stations (21.3%). A total of 18 stations were ranked as having a substantial risk, whereas 19 stations also had a moderate risk in FHZ-II; those levels correlated with the station locations and the quantity of fuel sold.

Conclusion
It suggests that high risk must be controlled by using preventive and safety actions: eliminating fire ignition sources, such as by cellphone prohibition, and inspection of electrostatic discharges, engineering control with grounding when refuelling, signposting of hazardous zones, and VRS installation on dispenser nozzles.
Radiographic diagnosis of Pneumoconioses by AIR Pneumo-trained physicians: Comparison with low-dose thin-slice computed tomography
Authors: Nogami Shoko , J-P Naw Awn , Nogami Munenobu , Matsui Tomomi , Ngatu Nlandu Roger , Tamura Taro , Kusaka Yukinori , Itoh Harumi , Suganuma Narufumi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The Asian Intensive Reader of Pneumoconiosis (AIR Pneumo) is a training program designed to improve diagnostic skills for chest radiographies (CXRs) in accordance with the ILO/ICRP 2000. The purpose was to determine the prevalence of occupational environmental pulmonary disease findings in construction workers on thin-slice computed tomography (thin-slice CT), and to compare the diagnostic performance with CXR evaluated by AIR Pneumo-trained physicians.

Methods
Ninety-seven male construction workers underwent low-dose thin-slice CT and CXR on the same day. NIOSH B reader and a board-certified radiologist each interpreted the thin-slice CTs independently. The concordant findings on thin-slice CT were established as the reference standard and were statistically compared with CXRs. Four physicians interpreted CXRs independently according to the ILO/ICRP 2000.

Results
Of the 97 cases, nine showed irregular or linear opacities, and 44 had pleural plaques on thin-slice CT. Five, four, three, and two of nine cases with irregular opacity were detected by the four readers on CXRs, respectively. Sixteen, 14, 9, and 5 of the 44 cases with pleural plaques were detected by the four readers, respectively. Specificities for irregular opacities ranged from 94% to 100%, and those for pleural plaques were from 86% to 96%.

Conclusions
Thin-slice CT-detected irregular opacity was found in 9.3%, whereas pleural plaque was found in 45.4% among the construction workers. Chest radiography showed acceptable performance in classifying pneumoconiotic opacities according to ILO/ICRP 2000 by the AIR Pneumo and/or NIOSH-certified physicians.
Validation of the Japanese version of the CDC HRQOL-4 in workers
Authors: Chimed-Ochir Odgerel , Mine Yuko , Okawara Makoto , Ibayashi Koki , Miyake Fuyu , Fujino Yoshihisa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
We set out to investigate the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the CDC core healthy day measures assessing health-related quality of life (CDC HRQOL-4) in Japanese workers.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1360 Japanese workers of one Japanese company located in Kyushu. Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to evaluate the internal consistency of CDC HRQOL-4 items. The concurrent validity was tested by assessing whether the CDC HRQOL-4 items correlated well with the corresponding domains of the SF-8 and the overall WFun score. The construct validity was tested by assessing the ability of the CDC HRQOL-4 to discriminate groups with and without any current disease, pain, mental problem, and sleeping disorder.

Results
Cronbach’s alpha for three of the four CDC HRQOL-4 items was 0.80, which is greater than the minimal standard (0.70) recommended for internal consistency reliability. Correlation coefficients ranging from 0.25 to 0.67 were obtained between CDC HRQOL-4 items and the SF-8 domains and WFun score. Workers with any current disease, mental problem, pain or sleeping disorder reported higher numbers of unhealthy days, and a higher odd of poor health than those without such problems. Japanese version of the CDC HRQOL-4 shows a good concurrent validity with the SF-8 and the WFun tool and good construct validity among Japanese workers in the current study.

Conclusions
Japanese version of the CDC HRQOL-4 is a reliable and valid instrument that may be used to assess overall health and physically and mentally unhealthy days in Japanese workers.
Dosimetric comparison of TomoDirect, helical tomotherapy, and volumetric modulated arc therapy for postmastectomy treatment
Authors: Nobnop Wannapha , Phakoetsuk Panchalee , Chitapanarux Imjai , Tippanya Damrongsak , Khamchompoo Darat 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeTo compare dose to the targets and organs at risk (OARs) in different situations for postmastectomy patients who require radiation to the chest wall with or without regional nodal irradiation when using three treatment techniques.Methods and materialsThirty postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) patients previously treated by helical tomotherapy (HT) at our institution were identified for the study. The treatment targets were classified in three situations which consisted of, the chest wall (CW) only, the chest wall plus supraclavicular lymph nodes (CW + SPC), and the chest wall plus supraclavicular and whole axillary lymph nodes irradiation (CW + SPC+AXLN). The volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans and Tomodirect (TD) plans were created for each patient and compared with HT treatment plans which had been treated. The target coverage, dose homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI), and dose to OARs were analyzed. The quality scores were used to evaluate the appropriate technique for each situation from multiparameter results.ResultsThe HT and VMAT plans showed the advantage of target coverage and OARs sparing for the chest wall with regional nodal irradiation with the higher plan quality scores when compared with TD plans. However, TD plans demonstrated superiority to contralateral breast sparing for the chest wall without regional nodal situation reaching the highest of planned quality scores. HT plans showed better HI, CI, and target coverage (P < 0.01) than TD and VMAT plans for all patient situations. Volumetric modulated arc therapy plans generated better contralateral breast and heart sparing at a lower dose than HT.ConclusionThe arc‐based techniques, HT and VMAT plans, provided an advantage for complex targets in terms of target coverage and OARs sparing. However, the static beam TD plan was superior for contralateral organ sparing meanwhile achieving good target coverage for the chest wall without regional node situations.
Water Passivation of Perovskite Nanocrystals Enables Air‐Stable Intrinsically Stretchable Color‐Conversion Layers for Stretchable Displays
Authors: Zhou Huanyu , Park Jinwoo , Lee Yeongjun , Park Jae‐Man , Kim Jin‐Hoon , Kim Joo Sung , Lee Hyeon‐Dong , Jo Seung Hyeon , Cai Xue , Li Lizhu , Sheng Xing , Yun Hyung Joong , Park Jin‐Woo , Sun Jeong‐Yun , Lee Tae‐Woo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractConventional organic light‐emitting devices without an encapsulation layer are susceptible to degradation when exposed to air, so realization of air‐stable intrinsically‐stretchable display is a great challenge because the protection of the devices against penetration of moisture and oxygen is even more difficult under stretching. An air‐stable intrinsically‐stretchable display that is composed of an intrinsically‐stretchable electroluminescent device (SELD) integrated with a stretchable color‐conversion layer (SCCL) that contains perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs) is proposed. PeNCs normally decay when exposed to air, but they become resistant to this decay when dispersed in a stretchable elastomer matrix; this change is a result of a compatibility between capping ligands and the elastomer matrix. Counterintuitively, the moisture can efficiently passivate surface defects of PeNCs, to yield significant increases in both photoluminescence intensity and lifetime. A display that can be stretched up to 180% is demonstrated; it is composed of an air‐stable SCCL that down‐converts the SELD’s blue emission and reemits it as green. The work elucidates the basis of moisture‐assisted surface passivation of PeNCs and provides a promising strategy to improve the quantum efficiency of PeNCs with the aid of moisture, which allows PeNCs to be applied for air‐stable stretchable displays.
Porous Materials Applied in Nonaqueous Li–O2 Batteries: Status and Perspectives
Authors: Wang Huanfeng , Wang Xiaoxue , Li Malin , Zheng Lijun , Guan Dehui , Huang Xiaolei , Xu Jijing , Yu Jihong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPorous materials possessing high surface area, large pore volume, tunable pore structure, superior tailorability, and dimensional effect have been widely applied as components of lithium–oxygen (Li–O2) batteries. Herein, the theoretical foundation of the porous materials applied in Li–O2 batteries is provided, based on the present understanding of the battery mechanism and the challenges and advantageous qualities of porous materials. Furthermore, recent progress in porous materials applied as the cathode, anode, separator, and electrolyte in Li–O2 batteries is summarized, together with corresponding approaches to address the critical issues that remain at present. Particular emphasis is placed on the importance of the correlation between the function‐orientated design of porous materials and key challenges of Li–O2 batteries in accelerating oxygen reduction reaction (ORR)/oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics, improving the electrode stability, controlling lithium deposition, suppressing the shuttle effect of the dissolved redox mediators, and alleviating electrolyte decomposition. Finally, the rational design and innovative directions of porous materials are provided for their development and application in Li–O2 battery systems.
In Search of Chiral Molecular Superconductors: κ‐[(S,S)‐DM‐BEDT‐TTF]2ClO4 Revisited
Authors: Mroweh Nabil , Mézière Cécile , Pop Flavia , Auban‐Senzier Pascale , Alemany Pere , Canadell Enric , Avarvari Narcis 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe relationship between chirality and superconductivity is an intriguing question. The two enantiomeric crystalline radical cation salts κ‐[(S,S)‐DM‐BEDT‐TTF]2ClO4 and κ‐[(R,R)‐DM‐BEDT‐TTF]2ClO4, showing κ‐type arrangement of the organic layers, are investigated in search for superconducting chiral molecular materials following a 1992 report indicating the occurrence of a superconducting transition in the former compound. While the initial interpretation is presently challenged through in‐depth temperature and pressure dependent single crystal resistivity measurements combined with band structure calculations, the two chiral conductors show metal like behavior with room temperature conductivities of 10–30 S cm−1 at ambient pressure and stabilization of the metallic state down to the lowest temperatures under moderate pressures. Moreover, their structural and theoretical investigations reveal an original feature, namely the existence of two different κ layers with 1D and 2D electronic dimensionality, respectively, as a consequence of an interlayer charge transfer. The resistivity drop observed for one sample below 1 K and insensitive to magnetic field, possibly results from mixing in‐plane and out‐of‐plane contributions to the measured resistance and suggests current induced charge order melting. This feature contradicts the occurrence of superconductivity in these chiral molecular conductors and leaves open the discovery of the first chiral molecular superconductors.
Direct Photolithographic Deposition of Color‐Coded Anti‐Counterfeit Patterns with Titania Encapsulated Upconverting Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Xin , Ali Rana Faryad , Boyer John‐Christopher , Branda Neil R. , Gates Byron D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCreating security labels as anti‐counterfeit measures can require multi‐step methods, clean room processing, and high‐cost equipment. Some labels also have a limited applicability due to the ease of creating a counterfeit. Herein, a photochemical metal‐organic deposition (PMOD) based approach that enables creation of high‐resolution luminescent patterns that retain nanoparticles in transparent metal oxide films is reported. This low‐cost, photoresist‐free process creates high‐resolution patterns of metal oxides without requiring processes such as etching or lift‐off. Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) with tunable red/green or blue emission are prepared by doping Yb3+/Er3+ and Yb3+/Tm3+ into β‐NaYF4 hosts, respectively. Luminescent inks are prepared by suspending UCNPs in solutions with titanium di‐n‐butoxide bis(2‐ethylhexanoate). Customizable luminescent patterns are prepared by casting inks onto substrates, followed by exposure to ultraviolet light through photomasks. Photodecomposition of the titanium precursor yields amorphous oxide films encapsulating the UCNPs. Security labels are prepared by selectively patterning luminescent inks using PMOD. Distinct patterns of red‐green‐blue (RGB) luminescence are discernible only upon excitation with a near‐infrared (NIR) laser. These customizable, anti‐counterfeit labels exhibit the merits of low‐cost, high‐throughput, and simple manufacturing techniques. Yet, the versatility of customizing their emissive properties suggests a practical application as an anti‐counterfeiting measure.
Recent Advances in Photoactuators and Their Applications in Intelligent Bionic Movements
Authors: Li Jingjing , Zhou Xiang , Liu Zunfeng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPhotoactuators that can produce a reversible mechanical deformation under light stimuli have attracted tremendous interest in the recent years owing to the advantages of abundant availability of resources, remote and accurate control, and applicability in soft robots, sensors and biomimetic devices. In this study, the recent advances in photoactuators related to actuation mechanisms (photothermal and photochemical), fabricaton from different configurations and types of materials, and their potential applications in bionic movements are reviewed. The opportunities and challenges in this field are also discussed, such as fabricating actuators with robust mechanical properties and superior actuating performance, seeking effective actuation mechanisms, and widening the range of applications. This review provides an insight into designing high‐performance, multi‐functional photoactuators and serves as a motivation for their development in future.
Surface Ligand Engineering for CsPbBr3 Quantum Dots Aiming at Aggregation Suppression and Amplified Spontaneous Emission Improvement
Authors: Xiong Qian , Huang Sihao , Du Juan , Tang Xiaosheng , Zeng Fanju , Liu Zhengzheng , Zhang Zeyu , Shi Tongchao , Yang Jie , Wu Daofu , Lin Hao , Luo Zhongtao , Leng Yuxin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn recent years, it has been reported that using ligands modification to passivate the surface is one reasonable approach to improve the optical properties and stability of perovskite quantum dots (QDs). However, a simple and effective way to diminish the aggregation phenomenon of perovskite QDs is still challenging. Herein, a ligand‐engineering strategy is adopted to fabricate CsPbBr3 QDs by applying a shorter capping ligand octylamine (OLA) to replace the commonly used long ligand oleylamine (OAm). After the ligand modification, the photoluminescence quantum yield of CsPbBr3 QDs is enhanced from 62.4% to 91.3%. No aggregation or degradation phenomenon can be observed in solution even after being exposed to the air for 100 days. Moreover, the OLA‐CsPbBr3 QDs film can keep 96.8% of initial photoluminescence intensity even when stored under ambient condition for 5 weeks. Furthermore, the stimulated emission performance is investigated in terms of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), and the ASE threshold of OLA‐CsPbBr3 QDs is only 24% of the OAm‐CsPbBr3 QDs threshold, and the ASE photostability is also enhanced. All the results suggest that the OLA ligand modification is an available strategy to improve the properties of CsPbBr3 QDs and to shed light on the potential practical applications for photoelectric devices.
From Adsorption to Covalent Bonding: Apolipoprotein E Functionalization of Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Across the Blood–Brain Barrier
Authors: Hartl Natascha , Adams Friederike , Merkel Olivia M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe blood–brain barrier (BBB) is composed of brain endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes, which build a tight cellular barrier. Therapeutic (macro)molecules are not able to transit through the BBB in their free form. This limitation is bypassed by apolipoprotein E (ApoE)‐functionalized polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) that are able to transport drugs (e.g., dalargin, loperamide, doxorubicin, and nerve growth factor) across the BBB via low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor‐mediated transcytosis. Coating with polysorbate 80 or poloxamer 188 facilitates ApoE adsorption onto polymeric NPs enabling recognition by LDL receptors of brain endothelial cells. This effect is even enhanced when NPs are directly coated with ApoE without surfactant anchor. Similarly, covalent coupling of ApoE to NPs that bear reactive groups on their surface leads to significantly improved brain uptake while avoiding the use of surfactants. In this Progress Report several in vitro BBB models using brain endothelial cells or cocultures with astrocytes/pericytes/glioma cells are described, which provide insights regarding the ability of a drug delivery system to cross this barrier. In vivo models are described which simulate central nervous system‐relevant diseases such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease and cerebral cancer.