bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anmeldelse: Kenneth Boulding, Three Faces of Power, Newbury Park & London: Sage Publications, 1990, 264 s.
Authors: Redaktionen - 
Published: March 2020

Kenneth Boulding, Three Faces of Power, Newbury Park & London: Sage Publications, 1990, 264 s., £ 15.75.
Göran Djupsund og Lars Svåsand (red.), Partiorganisasjoner: Studier i strukturer og prosesser i finske, norske og svenske partier, Åbo: Åbo Akademis Förlag, 1990, 318 s.
Peter Gundelach, Nils Mortensen og Jens Chr. Tonboe (red.), Sociologi under forandring, København: Gyldendal, 1990, 547 s., kr. 237,00.
The Effects of Plyometric Training on Motor Skills of Top Volleyball Players / Efekti pliometrijskog treninga na motoričke sposobnosti vrhunskih odbojkaša
Authors: Dragosavljević Slavko , Mitrović Nebojša , Stević Dalibor 
Published: March 2020

The plyometric method is ranked among the most commonly used methods for fitness volleyball training. It leads to the development of explosive strength and reactive velocity of the muscular system based on improving the CNS response and the power required to absorb the stress when landing. The study was of longitudinal type, involving two measurements, an initial measurement for all subjects to determine the initial level of motor ability, and a final measurement where the effects of the experimental program were studied after a programmed experimental process to develop specific motor skills of the analyzed sample of subjects. The entire study was conducted on a sample of 72 senior subjects, which were divided into two sub-samples, one sub-sample comprised of the experimental group and the other comprising the control group. The primary objective of the research was to test the influence and effect of special treatment of kinesiological activities based on plyometric exercises on the motor skills of the subjects.
Probiotics as a Biocontrol Agent in Management of Post Harvest Diseases of Mango
Authors: Greeshma K. , Deokar C. D. , Raghuwanshi K. S. , Bhalerao V. K. 
Published: March 2020

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is the most important horticultural crop in Maharashtra as well as in India. However, this crop is well acclimatized to tropical and subtropical climatic regions. Post harvest losses caused by micro organisms are reported as from 30 to 35% losses with reduction in quality and quantity of marketable fruits and accounts for millions of dollars in perishable produce every year. Over the years, the plant protection was achieved by use of synthetic chemicals. However, use of probiotics for control of post harvest diseases has taken momentum in recent years in management of post harvest plant pathogens. The post harvest pathogens like Colletotrichum, Alternaria, Aspergillus, can be checked by post harvest probiotic sprays. Which include use of commercial probiotics (Prowel,Flora and Vbact) and Probiotic isolates, which are isolated and cultured from curd, fermented dosa material, fermented jowar and bajra flour.
The studies on use of probiotics in the management of post-harvest diseases of mango conducted at Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeet, Rahuri, Ahmednagar during the period 2017-2019. suggest that the post-harvest pathogens particularly Colletotrichum, Alternaria can be managed as a post-harvest pathogen by sprays of probiotics under in-vitro conditions when the load of inoculums of these post-harvest pathogens are less on the fruits and the probiotic spray resulted in increase in the TSS (Total Soluble Sugars) brix (0.8-3.2) in the fruits and also be used to increase the shelf life of the fruits and to keep them as fresh for long time. The efficacy of probiotics against post-harvested pathogens indicates that probiotics can be used in management of post harvest diseases and they can form an integral part of organic farming system.
The Expression of Programmed Death Ligand-1 within Stages of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Immunohistochemical Analysis
Authors: Khan Moomal Aslam , Syed Serajuddaula , Wahab Noor Ul , Butt Saima Akram , Qureshi Jabbar Ahmed 
Published: March 2020

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is prevalent in South Asian countries with rising cases of its incidence and mortality. Despite advancements in treatment, survival and recurrence rates are poor. Immunotherapy is a novel therapeutic modality in immunooncology. Immune checkpoint proteins are under investigation for clinical implications amongst which Programmed Death Ligand-1 has shown valuable results in certain malignancies.
Aims: To determine the immunohistochemical expression of Programmed Death Ligand-1(PD-L1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma and to find an association of Programmed Death Ligand-1 with stage and clinicopathological parameters of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi, 1 Year duration during 2018-2019.
Methods: A total number of 140 biopsy confirmed cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma were recruited in the study. Immunohistochemical expression of Programmed Death Ligand-1 was evaluated and associated with the clinicopathological parameters of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The data was statistically analyzed through Descriptive statistics and Chi square test by using SPSS v.20.
Results: Out of 140 participants, 74% were males (n=103) and 26% were females (n=37). Programmed Death Ligand-1 positivity was observed in 62.1% of cases (n=87). The Mean age of the participants was 48.91 ± 11.7 years. The most common site of cancer involvement was buccal mucosa and majority of participants were habitual of consuming chewable products i.e. Pan, Gutka and betel nut (89; 64%). Stage III and IV tumours comprised a major portion of cases in our study. (52; 37%), (56; 40%). A statistically significant p-value was noted for the association of Programmed Death Ligand-1 with stage II and IV tumours. (P-values: 0.029, 0.001)The association of Programmed Death Ligand-1 with other variables such as age, gender, ethnicity, sites or habits was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: This study concludes that the statistical significance of Programmed Death Ligand-1 expression with tumour stage is suggestive of worsening prognosis and might have detrimental effects as tumour progresses in advanced stage. Programmed Death Ligand-1 positivity in patients having oral squamous cell carcinoma could be useful in future research in the light of cancer immunotherapy which has shown success in oncology.
Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Biomarkers Correlates of Liver Injury among Healthy Blood Donors in Nigeria
Authors: Osuji Ahaneku Iherue , Agbakoba Nneka Regina , Ifeanyichukwu Martin Ositaodinma , Enweani Ifeoma , Abdullahi Idris Nasir 
Published: March 2020

Objectives: Destruction of blood cells and damage to hepatocytes are the hallmark of hepatitis B viral infection. This cross-sectional study was undertaken to evaluate some hematological parameters and biomarkers of liver injury in healthy blood donors infected with the occult and overt hepatitis B attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital (UATH) and Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH) Nnewi, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: A total of 20 overt and 14 occult hepatitis B virus-infected blood donors were confirmed and enrolled using Roche ® COBAS q-PCR from 212 consented pooled subjects. Hematological parameters and absolute CD4+ T-cell count were determined using the Sysmex hematology analyzer and Partec cyflow counter, respectively. Determination of serum Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Alpha Feto-protein (AFP) levels were done spectrophotometrically and ELISA, respectively.
Results: The mean red blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin, white blood cells, CD4 and platelet count in the overt group were not statistically significantly different from the occult group p>0.05. However, of the 34 infected subjects, 7 (20.6%), 6 (17.7%), 2 (5.9%), 13 (38.2%), 2 (5.9%) and 4 (11.8%) had abnormally low blood values for red blood cells, white blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin, CD4 and platelets respectively. The mean ALT and ALP values from the occult and overt groups were not also significantly different (p>0.05).
Conclusion: This study found a decrease in the values of some blood cells. However, no significant changes in the liver enzymes were found. These infected individuals should be managed to prevent transmission of HBV infection to other people and subsequent destruction of blood cells and damage to liver cells. Future studies could focus on patients with chronic liver diseases/Hepatocellular carcinoma caused by HBV to determine the effects on the liver biomarkers and hematological parameters.
Investigating the Effect of Follow-up Care on the Self-concept of Patients under Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Moghaddam Yusef Haghighi , Mobadersani Neda , Askari Behnam , Rasouli Javad 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Since coronary artery angina pectoris is a chronic disease, it negatively affects patients` self-concept. In this study, the effect of follow-up care on the self-concept of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting was investigated.
Materials and Methodology: In this study, the clinical trial was measured using self-concept questionnaire considering the effect of follow-up or constant care on 60 patients under coronary artery bypass grafting in Seyed-al-shohada heart center of Urmia. Eight to twelve weeks after the operation, the follow-up care, which is an Iranian native model was administered through telephon. Data collection tools included patients` demographic data collection form as well as self-concept questionnaire consisting of 25 Likert-scale items of 1 to 5 (totally positive, positive, neutral, negative, totally negative), which measured 25 features.
Results: In the current study, the mean age of patients in both groups (intervention and control) was 59.68±7.43 and 59.48±5.79 years old, respectively. In addition, the mean weight of patients in both groups (intervention and control) equaled 77.82±10.67 and 75.22±7.53 kg. According to the results of the mean, the perceived threat after the intervention was 45.16±4.28 in the intervention group and it was 40.43±5.22 in the control group, showing a significant statistical difference between two groups (p<0.001). The perceived challenge after the intervention was 70.86±6.82 in the intervention group and it was 67.13±6.37 in the control group, showing a significant statistical difference between two groups (p=0.028).
Conclusion: The mean of self-concept score increased after the intervention and the observed results could have positive effects on the treatment of patients.
Lipid‐Modified Aminoglycosides for mRNA Delivery to the Liver
Authors: Yu Xueliang , Liu Shuai , Cheng Qiang , Wei Tuo , Lee Sang , Zhang Di , Siegwart Daniel J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCationic lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are widely used as carriers for delivery of nucleic acids. Most synthetic routes toward cationic lipids have derived from simple amine cores. Greater chemical diversity can be obtained through starting with natural products containing basic nitrogen atoms, which offers routes to more complex molecules. Natural building blocks are not extensively explored, such as aminoglycosides, which are both structurally and functionally interesting for developing new carriers for nucleic acid delivery. Herein, cationic lipid‐modified aminoglycosides (CLAs) are explored as a family of vehicles for messenger RNA (mRNA) delivery. CLAs are synthesized from natural existing aminoglycosides coupling with alkyl epoxides and acrylates. The top hit (GT‐EP10) is able to deliver Luc mRNA to C57BL/6 mice at a dose of 0.05 mg kg−1 to achieve a 107 average luminescence intensity in the liver. The Lox‐Stop‐Lox tdTomato mouse model is used to further demonstrate that this efficient mRNA delivery system can be potentially used for gene editing. Successful delivery of human erythropoietin mRNA shows that CLA‐based LNPs have promising opportunities for delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids in the future.
From Silk Spinning to 3D Printing: Polymer Manufacturing using Directed Hierarchical Molecular Assembly
Authors: Mu Xuan , Fitzpatrick Vincent , Kaplan David L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSilk spinning offers an evolution‐based manufacturing strategy for industrial polymer manufacturing, yet remains largely inaccessible as the manufacturing mechanisms in biological and synthetic systems, especially at the molecular level, are fundamentally different. The appealing characteristics of silk spinning include the sustainable sourcing of the protein material, the all‐aqueous processing into fibers, and the unique material properties of silks in various formats. Substantial progress has been made to mimic silk spinning in artificial manufacturing processes, despite the gap between natural and artificial systems. This report emphasizes the universal spinning conditions utilized by both spiders and silkworms to generate silk fibers in nature, as a scientific and technical framework for directing molecular assembly into high‐performance structures. The preparation of regenerated silk feedstocks and mimicking native spinning conditions in artificial manufacturing are discussed, as is progress and challenges in fiber spinning and 3D printing of silk‐composites. Silk spinning is a biomimetic model for advanced and sustainable artificial polymer manufacturing, offering benefits in biomedical applications for tissue scaffolds and implantable devices.
Imaging Beam‐Sensitive Materials by Electron Microscopy
Authors: Chen Qiaoli , Dwyer Christian , Sheng Guan , Zhu Chongzhi , Li Xiaonian , Zheng Changlin , Zhu Yihan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractElectron microscopy allows the extraction of multidimensional spatiotemporally correlated structural information of diverse materials down to atomic resolution, which is essential for figuring out their structure–property relationships. Unfortunately, the high‐energy electrons that carry this important information can cause damage by modulating the structures of the materials. This has become a significant problem concerning the recent boost in materials science applications of a wide range of beam‐sensitive materials, including metal–organic frameworks, covalent–organic frameworks, organic–inorganic hybrid materials, 2D materials, and zeolites. To this end, developing electron microscopy techniques that minimize the electron beam damage for the extraction of intrinsic structural information turns out to be a compelling but challenging need. This article provides a comprehensive review on the revolutionary strategies toward the electron microscopic imaging of beam‐sensitive materials and associated materials science discoveries, based on the principles of electron–matter interaction and mechanisms of electron beam damage. Finally, perspectives and future trends in this field are put forward.
Mesoporous Matrices as Hosts for Metal Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals
Authors: Rubino Andrea , Caliò Laura , García‐Bennett Alfonso , Calvo Mauricio E. , Míguez Hernán 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSeveral works have recently demonstrated that perovskite nanocrystals can be controllably formed within a variety of porous matrices employing diverse synthetic strategies. By means of the fine tuning of the pore size distribution, the thickness and composition of the walls, the geometry of the void network and its topology, strict control over the structural and morphological parameters of the hosted semiconductor can be achieved, determining its optical absorption and emission properties. Furthermore, porous hosts provide the guest semiconductor with enhanced stability and versatility in terms of processing, which favors its integration in devices. This article provides a comprehensive review of the different approaches proposed, as well as a discussion on the relevance they may have for the development of nanostructured perovskite‐based optoelectronics. A critical assessment of the optical quality of the hybrid perovskite nanomaterials so obtained is presented, as well as an analysis of the fundamental and applied aspects of the nanocrystal–matrix interaction and a projected prospect of their impact in the fields of artificial lighting and renewable energy.
Direct assimilation of measured soil water content in Root Zone Water Quality Model calibration for deficit‐irrigated maize
Authors: Sima M. W. , Fang Q. X. , Qi Z. , Yu Q. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCorrect soil water simulation is critical for water balance and plant growth in agricultural systems. Crop production simulation errors have often been attributed to a lack of accuracy in soil water content (SWC) estimates. However, only a few studies have quantified the effects of SWC estimate errors on crop production and evapotranspiration (ET), especially under different irrigation treatments. The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of direct assimilation of measured SWC during model calibration for deficit irrigated maize (Zea mays L.) on simulated ET, leaf area index (LAI), biomass, and yield. The CERES‐Maize model within the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) was calibrated using the automatic parameter estimation (PEST) software. Simulation results showed that, using PEST‐optimized crop parameters, RZWQM was able to adequately predict crop yield (relative root mean squared error, rRMSE, of 4.8%) and biomass (rRMSE of 7.1%) in response to irrigation levels, in spite of the bias in SWC and ET simulation. However, with the same crop parameters but replacing simulated SWC with measured data, simulations of crop yield and biomass became worse, with higher rRMSE values (14.5% for yield and 21.5% for biomass). This unexpected model performance with SWC assimilation was mainly associated with the water addition and removal from the soil, which was improved only by recalibration of both soil and crop parameters. This study suggested compensating effects between soil and crop parameters during model calibration. Caution should be applied when using measured SWC as model inputs, especially under water stress conditions.
Preparative Mass Spectrometry Using a Rotating‐Wall Mass Analyzer
Authors: Su Pei , Hu Hang , Unsihuay Daisy , Zhang Di , Dainese Tiziano , Diaz Rosa E. , Lee Jongsu , Gunaratne Don K. , Wang Haiyan , Maran Flavio , Mei Jianguo , Laskin Julia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe design of functional interfaces is central to both fundamental and applied research in materials science and energy technology. We introduce a new, broadly applicable technique for the precisely controlled high‐throughput preparation of well‐defined interfaces containing polyatomic species ranging from small ions to nanocrystals and large protein complexes. The mass‐dispersive deposition of ions onto surfaces is achieved using a rotating‐wall mass analyzer, a compact device which enables the separation of ions using low voltages and has a theoretically unlimited mass range. We demonstrate an efficient deposition of singly charged Au144(SC4H9)60ions (33.7 kDa), which opens up exciting opportunities for the structural characterization of nanocrystals and their assemblies using transmission electron microscopy. Our approach also enables the high‐throughput deposition of mass‐selected ions from multicomponent mixtures, which is of interest to the controlled preparation of surface gradients and rapid screening of molecules in mixtures for a specific property.
Divergent, Stereospecific Mono‐ and Difluoromethylation of Boronic Esters
Authors: Fasano Valerio , Winter Nils , Noble Adam , Aggarwal Varinder K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThere is considerable interest in incorporating fluorine into agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals to improve their biological properties. Whilst a number of methods have been reported for installing CH2F and CHF2 groups, they are mainly limited to radical reactions, which are invariably racemic. Herein, we report the divergent, stereospecific reaction of fluoroiodomethyllithium with boronic esters to give α‐fluoro‐boronic esters. These unique intermediates can be readily transformed into the corresponding mono‐ or difluoromethylated compounds through proto‐ or fluorodeboronation, respectively. The use of the highly unstable fluoroiodomethyllithium was key to allowing rapid 1,2‐migration over competing decomposition of the carbanion. DFT calculations informed and supported the experimental findings.
Compartment syndrome of the hand as a complication of prolonged mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Lesser F. D. , Yakubi M. , Rochester S. , Evans J. , Highgate J. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryA 45‐year‐old man suffered compartment syndrome of the hands as a complication of prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation. He was admitted following a hypothermic out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest due to cold‐water submersion. The patient was in cardiac arrest for 4 h with mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation delivered using the Lund University Cardiac Arrest System (Jolife AB, Lund, Sweden). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation along with aggressive rewarming achieved return of spontaneous circulation. He developed compartment syndrome in his left hand which was likely exacerbated by having his arm strapped to the Lund University Cardiac Arrest System device throughout the resuscitation. The compartment syndrome was managed conservatively. Despite preservation of neurological function the patient died of complications from the cardiac arrest after an extended intensive care unit stay. We recommend healthcare providers unstrap patient's hands during prolonged mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Successful Implementation of AMI and Customer Leak Notifications
Authors: Berenson Chase 
Published: March 2020

Key TakeawaysIt's important for a utility to follow proper change management protocols before issuing customer‐side leak notifications through advanced metering infrastructure (AMI).With its data‐gathering power, AMI can identify usage patterns or outliers and engage customers to consider their own water consumption.Beyond the new capabilities the technology offers, AMI deployment is an investment in improving utility operations overall.
Analysis of electronic health records based on long short‐term memory
Authors: Shi Peiying , Hou Feng , Zheng Xiangwei , Yuan Feng 
Published: February 2020

SummaryThere is a large amount of historical data of the patient's hospitalization named the electronic health records (EHRs), but the data are not fully utilized for great challenges as poor quality, high dimension, and so on. Previous studies have primarily used machine learning methods that rely heavily on manual extraction of features. Recently, many deep learning approaches are applied to predictive model of EHRs. Recurrent neural networks (RNN) are often used to model EHR data, but RNN performance degrades in the face of large sequence lengths. To solve these challenges, we develop a long short‐term memory with attention mechanism for mortality prediction. The dataset used in this article is the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III, which contains comprehensive clinical data for the patients. The experimental results demonstrate that the predicted results can be effectively interpreted using the attention mechanism. Compared with other baseline models, our model improves the accuracy of prediction, and helps doctors reduce the average diagnostic
time.