bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-27a targets Sfrp1 to induce renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy by activating Wnt/β-Catenin signalling
Authors: Shi MingJun , Tian PingPing , Liu ZhongQiang , Zhang Fan , Zhang YingYing , Qu LingLing , Liu XingMei , Wang YuanYuan , Zhou XingCheng , Xiao Ying , Guo Bing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) commonly causes end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Increasing evidence indicates that abnormal miRNA expression is tightly associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This work aimed to investigate whether miR-27a can promote the occurrence of renal fibrosis in DN by suppressing the expression of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (Sfrp1) to activate Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Therefore, we assessed the expression levels of miR-27a, Sfrp1, Wnt signalling components, and extracellular matrix (ECM)-related molecules in vitro and in vivo. Sfrp1 was significantly down-regulated in a high-glucose environment, while miR-27a levels were markedly increased. A luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-27a down-regulated Sfrp1 by binding to the 3′ untranslated region directly. Further, NRK-52E cells under high-glucose conditions underwent transfection with miR-27a mimic or the corresponding negative control, miR-27a inhibitor or the corresponding negative control, si-Sfrp1, or combined miR-27a inhibitor and si-Sfrp1. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence were performed to assess the relative expression levels of Wnt/β-catenin signalling and ECM components. The mRNA levels of Sfrp1, miR-27a, and ECM-related molecules were also detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). We found that miR-27a inhibitor inactivated Wnt/β-catenin signalling and reduced ECM deposition. Conversely, Wnt/β-catenin signalling was activated, while ECM deposition was increased after transfection with si-Sfrp1. Interestingly, miR-27a inhibitor attenuated the effects of si-Sfrp1. We concluded that miR-27a down-regulated Sfrp1 and activated Wnt/β-catenin signalling to promote renal fibrosis.
MiR-141-3p overexpression suppresses the malignancy of osteosarcoma by targeting FUS to degrade LDHB
Authors: Wang Lei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common malignant bone cancer. Lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) has been revealed to act as a tumor promoter in several cancers. It is also revealed to be correlated with poor prognosis in OS, but its molecular mechanism in OS remains veiled. Our work illustrated that LDHB was overexpressed in OS tissues and cells, and it could enhance cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in OS. Subsequently, it was confirmed that fused in sarcoma (FUS) could bind with LDHB to positively regulate the stability of LDHB messenger RNA (mRNA). Besides, FUS expression was revealed to be elevated in OS tissues and positively correlate with LDHB expression. Furthermore, miR-141-3p, down-regulated in OS cells, was identified as the upstream regulator of FUS in OS cells. Besides, miR-141-3p overexpression decreased mRNA and protein levels of FUS and LDHB. More importantly, overexpression of miR-141-3p could impair FUS overexpression-mediated promotion on LDHB mRNA stability and expression. Finally, rescue assays indicated that miR-141-3p regulated OS cells cellular process via regulating LDHB. In sum, miR-141-3p targets FUS to degrade LDHB, thereby attenuating the malignancy of OS cells.
Error‐compensated time integrator in 28‐nm CMOS technology
Authors: Ji Xincun , Wang Youhua , Shen Mengqi , Guo Yufeng 
Published: June 2020

A time‐difference integrator is proposed to compensate for the time error caused by leakage current in gated delay‐buffer cells. The proposed time integrator, consisting of two back‐to‐back connected time‐difference adders, which are composed of two gated delay‐buffer cells. The input time signals and accumulated output are periodically swapped into the time adder to neutralise the timing offset. Implemented in a 28‐nm CMOS process, the time integrator achieves a gain of 27.39 dB with a 317 kHz 30 ps peak‐to‐peak sinusoidal input, and consumes 110.3 μW with a 50 MHz sampling rate from a 0.9 V supply.
Impact of enhanced personal protective equipment on colonoscopy performance during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Teh Kevin Kim Jun , Tay Shu Wen , Chen Kaina , Koh Samantha Jingyun , Wong Yu Jun , Kwek Andrew Boon Eu , Li James Weiquan , Fock Kwong Ming , Teo Eng Kiong , Ang Tiing Leong , Tan Malcolm Teck Kiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Using personal protective equipment (PPE) can reduce risk of disease transmission. During the COVID-19 pandemic, enhanced PPE (EPPE) is recommended when performing endoscopy. We aimed to evaluate the impact of EPPE on colonoscopy performance when compared to standard PPE (SPPE).
Patients and methods A review of electronic medical records and endoscopy reports of consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy during two similar one-month time periods (in 2019 and during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020) was performed. SPPE was used in 2019 and EPPE was used in 2020. Patient clinical data and procedure-related information were captured and analyzed. The primary outcomes were time to cecum (TTC) and total procedure time. Secondary outcomes were adenoma detection rate (ADR), polyp detection rate (PDR) and cecal intubation rate (CIR). Statistical analysis was performed using STATA v16.1.
Results Two hundred and forty-seven colonoscopy procedures were analyzed. Baseline demographics and indications for colonoscopy of patients in both groups were similar. There were no significant differences in median TTC (10.0 vs 10.0 min, P = 0.524) or total procedure time (22.5 vs 23.0 min, P = 0.946) between colonoscopy performed in SPPE and EPPE. The ADR, PDR and CIR were also similar.
Conclusion Our findings suggest that use of EPPE does not affect colonoscopy performance.
Endoscopic removal and replacement of the same lumen-apposing metal stent for multiple endoscopic necrosectomy sessions
Authors: Gulati Rishabh , Rustagi Tarun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background This study evaluated the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of removal and replacement of a lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) to facilitate direct endoscopic necrosectomy (DEN).
Methods Endoscopic ultrasound-guided LAMS placement for walled-off necrosis (WON) was performed. During subsequent endoscopy, the LAMS was removed, DEN was performed, and the same LAMS was redeployed across the transmural tract.
Results 140 LAMS were placed for drainage (43 pseudocysts, 97 WON) from 10/1/2016 to 11/15/2019, and 40 patients (mean age 43.9 [SD 15.4] years; 70 % males; mean WON size 10.9 [SD 4.9] × 8.7 [SD 3.8] cm) underwent removal and replacement of the same LAMS for multiple DEN sessions. LAMS was successfully replaced across the transmural tract during all 81 DEN sessions. Complete resolution was achieved after a median of 2 DEN sessions (range 1–7; mean 2.4 [SD 1.5]), with stent retrieval after a mean of 64.1 (SD 31.6) days after initial placement. No stent damage, tissue ingrowth, or major bleeding occurred.
Conclusions Removal and replacement of LAMS during multiple necrosectomies is feasible, safe, and facilitates DEN.
Manganese-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative/Deoxygenative Coupling of Alcohols
Authors: Liu Qiang , Wang Yujie 
Published: June 2020

Valorization of biomass has become an area of intense focus because of the diminishing reserves of crude oil and the ongoing problem of climate change. The principal strategies for the utilization of biomass as a feedstock are (i) to produce biofuels for the transportation sector and (ii) to produce organic commodity chemicals. In this respect, we have developed a serious of manganese-catalyzed dehydrogenative/deoxygenative coupling reactions of lower alcohols, obtainable from oxygen-rich lignocellulosic biomass, to deliver advanced liquid fuels and valuable chemicals.1	Introduction2	Manganese-Catalyzed Upgrading of Ethanol to Butan-1-ol3	Manganese-Catalyzed Selective Upgrading of Ethanol with Methanol to Isobutanol4	Manganese-Catalyzed Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling of Alcohols with Hydroxides to Give Carboxylates5	Manganese-Catalyzed Dual-Deoxygenative Coupling of Primary Alcohols with 2-Arylethanols6	Conclusion
Dorsal Support System Fixed to Volar Plate in Distal Articular Radius Fractures
Authors: Miró José Ignacio , Galán Adolfo , Guerado Enrique 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDespite the development of new dorsal low-profile, locked plates to treat distal radius fractures with articular patterns that require a dorsal support, many published series revealed complications associated with such devices. In this paper, we present three cases of comminuted fractures and dorsal die punch fragment treated by osteosynthesis using volar plate and dorsal support screw with double washer fixed to the plate through a mini dorsal approach and, from a volar position, a cup inserted in one of the distal holes of the plate to which a screw and two 7- and 13-mm washers are threaded from the back. This technique is an alternative to other fixation methods, and it may lead to similar functional outcomes and reduce the complications associated with the use of dorsal plates to treat these fractures.
Arthroscopic Repair of Dorsal Radiocarpal Ligament Tear – Report of Three Cases
Authors: Pereira Catarina Neto , Pedro Inês , Nunes Carla Ricardo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe dorsal radiocarpal ligament (DRCL) is a dorsal capsular ligament with a significant role in carpal stability. We should consider the arthroscopic repair of the DRCL in cases of isolated DRCL tear or when the DCRL tear is the only clinically evident injury. Arthroscopic view of the DRCL tear is better through the volar radial portal. The purpose of the present article is to describe three cases of uncommon DRCL tear in patients with chronical dorsal wrist pain that were treated by arthroscopic repair. This condition can easily be unrecognized by the orthopedic surgeon if it is not specifically searched for. Good results are expected following the arthroscopic repair of an isolated DRCL tear; however, the contribution of the DRCL to the final outcome in combined repairs is difficult to isolate.
Distal Articular Fractures of the Humerus: Surgical Approach with Dynamic Elbow external Fixator
Authors: Aita Marcio Aurelio , de Oliveira Ricardo Kaempf , Ikeuti Douglas Hideki , Ruggiero Gustavo Mantovani , de Carvalho Fernando Luvizoto , Rodrigues Fabio Lucas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose To measure clinical and radiographic outcomes using external fixation in distal humeral fractures.
Methods A total of 10 elderly patients, with a mean age of 71 (range 64–84 years) years old, with unstable distal humeral fractures were treated by percutaneous reduction and fixation with an articulated external fixator. The patients were assessed on range of elbow motion, patient disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH), and pain visual analog scale (VAS) and radiographic evaluation at 12 months.
Results The mean range of motion was 134° of flexion, extension was of - 5°. All of the elbows were clinically stable. The mean VAS was 2.2, and the mean DASH score was 14.3. Radiographic analysis showed satisfactory reduction and consolidation. All of the patients showed congruence of concentric humerus-ulnar and radius and no patient had joint stiffness or posttraumatic arthritis of the elbow. Regarding complications, we observed a patient who presented with pain in the location of the ulnar pin, which was resolved with the removal of the pin. After two months, another patient had pneumonia and died. The follow-up was of 15.44 months.
Conclusions A radiographic analysis of the patients showed fracture healing with joint congruity. In the functional clinical aspect, it was noted that patients had functional range of motionType of study/level of evidence Therapeutic IV
Arthroscopic Treatment of Scaphoid Pseudoarthrosis without Bone Graft: Is it Really Feasible?
Authors: Caloia Martin F. , Scotti Diego González , Fernández Diego L. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction The current management of scaphoid pseudoarthrosis remains controversial, with a failure rate of up to 40% and no “gold standard” treatment. Based on innovative concepts about the osteogenic potential of cells from scaphoid pseudoarthrosis, encouraging results from increased vascularization by radial and ulnar metaphyseal decompression for Kienböck disease therapy and the advantages of minimal surgical trauma provided by percutaneous and arthroscopic techniques, we analyzed prospective outcomes from scaphoid pseudoarthrosis arthroscopic treatment with no bone graft (ATSPsWBG) to determine its feasibility.
Materials and Methods Eighty-four non-union scaphoid prospectively treated for ATSPsWBG were evaluated. Patients had, on average, 32.42 years old. The dominant limb was affected in 77.5% of the cases (65 patients). Mean time from injury to surgical intervention was 20.57 months. Twenty-three fractures were initially treated conservatively with orthopedic cast for an average period of 6.3 weeks, including 17 already immobilized at the time of the visit. All patients were grouped according to the classification proposed by the authors (MC & DF), which is based on perioperative studies.
Results Bone consolidation was obtained in 77 cases (91.66%) and documented by computed tomography (CT) scans. Seven cases presented no bone consolidation 9 months after the procedure, and four cases required a new surgery. In cystic pseudoarthrosis, the bone defect was filled with a new bone growth even when the cyst exceeded 10 mm. Single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) scans revealed an unique pattern, documenting the biological effect of metaphyseal decompression, which is characterized by increased nonspecific irrigation of the radial column. Average postoperative pain assessed using the visual analog scale was 1.04 (range, 0 to 2). Average postoperative functional range was 65.3° for extension (range, 46° to 88°), 69.2° for flexion (range, 55° to 88°), 10.7° for radial deviation (range, 5° to 20°) and 26° for ulnar deviation (range, 20° to 37°). Average Mayo Clinic score was 95.
Conclusion The arthroscopic treatment of scaphoid pseudoarthrosis with no bone graft is recommended in young to middle-aged, non-smokers patients with no scaphoid consolidation, with hemorrhagic peteqchiae (arthroscopic Green’s Sign) at the arthroscopic evaluation and in which a CT scan excluded the presence of an excessive sclerosis focus or revealed a very small proximal bone fragment not suitable for screw placement for stable internal fixation. Our experience proved that this is a reproducible and feasible technique.
Level of Evidence IV
Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Miranda Margarida Areias Marques , Mota Pedro , Cardoso Pedro , Pereira Alexandre , Oliveira Vânia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMerkel Cell Carcinoma is a rare type of aggressive and often fatal neuroendocrine tumor of the skin.We report a clinical case of a 56-year-old female with a Merkel cell carcinoma on the left hand, without distant metastasis, treated with surgical excision of the lesion and radiotherapy.Based on this clinical case a research and review of the literature on this rare neoplasia was carried out.
Prevention of Panton-Valentine Toxin-Mediated Leucocyte Destruction Depending on the Ultra-Diluted Staphylococcinum Potency Gradient
Authors: Goswami Pritam , Ghosh Sayak , Ali Sk Swaif , Basu Anamika , Khanra Joydeep , Ghosh Shubhamoy , Das Satadal 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Panton-Valentine toxin (PVT) is an important pathological marker of staphylococcal infection mediated by functional as well as morphological damage of the phagocytic cells. Human body being an ecological niche for the bacteria shows higher affinity toward staphylococcal infection. A steady escalation in mortality and morbidity associated with antibiotic resistance in gram-positive infections is an emerging threat all over the globe; thus, it is important to find out an alternative strategy that can diminish the virulence and pathogenicity of the bacteria. Staphylococcin is a colicin-type chemical secreted by Staphylococcus aureus helps to prevent growth of organisms other than its progenitor. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of homoeopathic medicine Staphylococcinum against staphylococcal PVT at different potencies (6CH, 12CH, 30CH and 200CH).
Materials and Methods Different potencies of Staphylococcinum were administered in a leucocyte buffy coat preparation infected with staphylococcal suspension (0.5 McFarland's standard) along with control with alcohol. They were kept in incubator for 2 hours and then centrifuged at 1200 rpm for 5 minutes. Smears prepared on slides with centrifuged deposits stained by Preston and Morrell's modified Gram's method of staining and evaluated under the microscope.
Results It was observed that there was extensive destruction of leukocytes in control and 6CH potency, while the degree of destruction decreased markedly from 12CH to 200CH. At 200CH potency, leukocytes were almost normal, which clearly indicate the preventive action of Staphylococcinum against PVT. The mean percentages of intact leucocytes were 0.73, 0.93, 10.00, 27.67 and 65.00 in control, 6CH, 12CH, 30CH and 200CH potencies, respectively.
Conclusion The finding may help in the use of this medicine in moribund patients in cases of disseminated S. aureus infection as there is no known side effect of the medicine. However, in vivo study is necessary before such use in those cases.
Racial Disparity in Postpartum Readmission due to Hypertension among Women with Pregnancy-Associated Hypertension
Authors: Chornock Rebecca , Iqbal Sara N. , Kawakita Tetsuya 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective Postpartum hypertension is a leading cause of readmission in the postpartum period. We aimed to examine the prevalence of racial/ethnic differences in postpartum readmission due to hypertension in women with antepartum pregnancy-associated hypertension.
Study Design This was a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study of all women with antepartum pregnancy-associated hypertension diagnosed prior to initial discharge from January 2009 to December 2016. Antepartum pregnancy-associated hypertension, such as gestational hypertension, preeclampsia (with or without severe features), hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme, low platelet (HELLP) syndrome, and eclampsia was diagnosed based on American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Task Force definitions. Women with chronic hypertension and superimposed preeclampsia were excluded. Our primary outcome was postpartum readmission defined as a readmission due to severe hypertension within 6 weeks of postpartum. Risk factors including maternal age, gestational age at admission, insurance, race/ethnicity (self-reported), type of antepartum pregnancy-associated hypertension, marital status, body mass index (kg/m2), diabetes (gestational or pregestational), use of antihypertensive medications, mode of delivery, and postpartum day 1 systolic blood pressure levels were examined. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).
Results Of 4,317 women with pregnancy-associated hypertension before initial discharge, 66 (1.5%) had postpartum readmission due to hypertension. Risk factors associated with postpartum readmission due to hypertension included older maternal age (aOR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.20–1.73 for every 5 year increase) and non-Hispanic black race (aOR = 2.12; 95% CI: 1.16–3.87).
Conclusion In women with pregnancy-associated hypertension before initial discharge, non-Hispanic black women were at increased odds of postpartum readmission due to hypertension compared with non-Hispanic white women.
Proposal of Research Model for the Detection of COVID-19 among Asymptomatic Carriers
Authors: Rajendra Santosh Arvind Babu , Krishnamurthy Kandamaran , Baddam Venkat Ramana Reddy 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic and rapidly progressing infectious disease that represents a global health care emergency due to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Rapid tests detect antigen or antibody presence, which is useful for patient care and for assisting in disease surveillance and epidemiological research. The complicating aspect of the COVID-19 spread may be due to asymptomatic individuals. Unfortunately, asymptomatic individuals are not detected in the early stages of infection, which could help to prevent community spread. The present paper shares an opinion through the proposal of a research model for detecting COVID-19 among asymptomatic carriers.
Trends in the Surgical Treatment of Articular Cartilage Lesions in the United States from 2007 to 2016
Authors: DeFroda Steven F. , Bokshan Steven L. , Yang Daniel S. , Daniels Alan H. , Owens Brett D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractManagement of cartilage lesions of the knee can be complex, time consuming, and controversial, especially without a widely agreed upon “gold-standard” management. The PearlDiver database (www.pearldiverinc.com, Fort Wayne, IN) was queried for surgical management of cartilage lesions specified by Current Procedure Terminology (CPT) codes: 29877, chondroplasty; 29879, microfracture/drilling; 29866, arthroscopic osteochondral autograft; 29867, arthroscopic osteochondral allograft; 27412, autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI); 27415, open osteochondral allograft; or 27416, open osteochondral autograft. Procedures were categorized as palliative (chondroplasty), microfracture/drilling, or restorative (arthroscopic osteochondral autograft; arthroscopic osteochondral allograft; ACI; open osteochondral allograft; or open osteochondral autograft). Linear regression was performed to determine the significance of yearly trend across each procedure.From 2007 to 2016, a total of 35,506 surgical procedures were performed. The average yearly incidence was 7.8 per 10,000 patients. Overall, palliative techniques (chondroplasty) were more common (1.8:1 ratio for chondroplasty to microfracture and 34:1 ratio chondroplasty to restoration procedure). There was a trend of decreasing incidence of palliative procedures seen by a significant decrease in the ratio of palliative to microfracture/restorative procedures of 0.2512 each year from 2007 to 2016 (p < 0.001). This decrease followed a linear trend (R
2 = 0.9123). In 2013, the number and incidence of the palliative procedures declined below that of microfracture procedures, with microfracture being most common from 2013 to 2016. Palliative chondroplasty was no longer the most commonly performed procedure for cartilage lesions in the United States from 2007 to 2016, as more surgeons opted for microfracture procedures instead. Restorative procedures (ACI, osteochondral autograft transfer system) remained unchanged over the study period, in accordance with the sports medicine literature; however, early functional outcomes studies do show the equivalency and in some cases superiority compared with microfracture. This is Level III study.