bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTERNAÇÃO COMPULSÓRIA DE DEPENDENTES QUÍMICOS: VIOLAÇÃO DO DIREITO DE LIBERDADE OU PROTEÇÃO DO DIREITO À VIDA?
Authors: Pereira Luis Fernando Gonçalves , Ricardo Igor Machado , Aquino Rafael Lemes de , Xavier Douglas Ataniel Alves 
Published: May 2020

Este trabalho versa sobre a internação compulsória de dependentes químicos e suas peculiaridades no âmbito do Direito Constitucional. Aborda as garantias constitucionais inerentes ao tema, especialmente o direito à vida, o direito à liberdade e o princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana. Estuda as comparações e o conflito existente entre os preceitos garantidos pela nossa Constituição Federal, tais como o direito à saúde, dignidade da pessoa humana e direito à liberdade. Analisa os tipos de internações psiquiátricas e o seu amparo legal. Apresenta um estudo sobre a ligação entre as drogas e a violência nos dias atuais, com base na doutrina e na jurisprudência que abordam o tema.
Time to Reconsider Foot and Leg Position During the Bench Press
Authors: Nuzzo James L. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
The “feet on the floor” guideline for the bench press is a historical byproduct of old bench designs. The “psoas-relaxed position,” where the hips and knees are flexed and the feet rest on adjustable plates at the end of the bench, should be considered to replace existing guidelines. The psoas-relaxed position accommodates lifters of all body heights, is more sport-specific than current bench press posture, and reduces lumbar lordosis and increases the cross-sectional area of the dural sac and spinal canal, making the exercise more viable for certain back pain patients. Steps to implementation include research on bench press postural preferences, development of adjustable foot plates, and formal revision to bench press guidelines.
Apparent Fracture Toughness of the CoB-Co2B Interface
Authors: Campos-Silva I. , Hernández-Ramírez E. J. , Mondragón-Nava H. I. , Contreras-Hernández A. , Fernández-Valdés D. , Meneses-Amador A. , Delgado-Brito A. M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this study, new results for the interfacial fracture toughness of the CoB-Co2B layer formed at the surface of the ASTM F1537, Standard Specification for Wrought Cobalt-28Chromium-6Molybdenum Alloys for Surgical Implants (UNS R31537, UNS R31538, and UNS R31539), alloy were estimated. Initially, the cobalt boride layers were developed by means of the powder-pack boriding process at 1,173 K with 6 h of exposure, and 1,223 K with 8 h of exposure. The depth-sensing Vickers microindentation tests were performed using applied loads ranging between 1 and 2.3 N to generate a crack along the CoB-Co2B interface. The apparent fracture toughness (Kca) of the CoB-Co2B interface was estimated using a half-penny cracking model and considering the interfacial values of the Young’s modulus, hardness, and the critical point (Pc, ac), in which Pc was considered as a criterion of the adhesion between CoB and Co2B. To verify the influence of the cobalt boride layer thickness and the magnitude of the residual stresses developed on CoB-Co2B interface, the cracking model was extended to estimate the Kca for the boriding condition at 1,273 K with 6 h of exposure. In addition, the magnitude of the shear stresses on the CoB-Co2B interface was analyzed by the finite element method as a function of the indentation loads of 1 and 2.3 N using the boriding conditions of 1,173 K with 6 h of exposure and 1,223 K with 8 h of exposure. The results showed that the interfacial fracture toughness of the CoB-Co2B increased as a function of the CoB layer thickness, whereas the magnitude of the compressive residual stresses decreased for the thicker cobalt boride layer formed at 1,273 K with 6 h of exposure. Finally, the distribution of the maximum shear stresses located on the CoB-Co2B interface oscillated from 3.9 to 4.4 GPa according to the indentation loads.
Not Crying After Birth as a Predictor of Not Breathing
Authors: KC Ashish , Lawn Joy E. , Zhou Hong , Ewald Uwe , Gurung Rejina , Gurung Abhishek , Sunny Avinash K. , Day Louise Tina , Singhal Nalini 
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND:
Worldwide, every year, 6 to 10 million infants require resuscitation at birth according to estimates based on limited data regarding “nonbreathing” infants. In this article, we aim to describe the incidence of “noncrying” and nonbreathing infants after birth, the need for basic resuscitation with bag-and-mask ventilation, and death before discharge.

METHODS:
We conducted an observational study of 19 977 infants in 4 hospitals in Nepal. We analyzed the incidence of noncrying or nonbreathing infants after birth. The sensitivity of noncrying infants with nonbreathing after birth was analyzed, and the risk of predischarge mortality between the 2 groups was calculated.

RESULTS:
The incidence of noncrying infants immediately after birth was 11.1%, and the incidence of noncrying and nonbreathing infants was 5.2%. Noncrying after birth had 100% sensitivity for nonbreathing infants after birth. Among the “noncrying but breathing” infants, 9.5% of infants did not breathe at 1 minute and 2% did not to breathe at 5 minutes. Noncrying but breathing infants after birth had almost 12-fold odds of predischarge mortality (adjusted odds ratio 12.3; 95% confidence interval, 5.8–26.1).

CONCLUSIONS:
All nonbreathing infants after birth do not cry at birth. A proportion of noncrying but breathing infants at birth are not breathing by 1 and 5 minutes and have a risk for predischarge mortality. With this study, we provide evidence of an association between noncrying and nonbreathing. This study revealed that noncrying but breathing infants require additional care. We suggest noncrying as a clinical sign for initiating resuscitation and a possible denominator for measuring coverage of resuscitation.
Uso do excesso de mortalidade associado à epidemia de COVID-19 como estratégia de vigilância epidemiológica – resultados preliminares da avaliação de seis capitais brasileiras
Authors: Freitas Andre Ricardo Ribas , Medeiros Nicole Montenegro , Frutuoso Livia Carla Vinhal , Beckedorff Otto Albuquerque , Martin Lucas Mariscal Alves de , Medeiros Marcela Montenegro de , Freitas Giovanna Gimenez Souza de , Lemos Daniele Rocha Queiróz , Cavalcanti Luciano Pamplona de Góes 
Published: May 2020

No início de 2020 a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) reconheceu a situação de pandemia do novo coronavírus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2), causador da Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). No Brasil até o final de abril de 2020 já tinham sido confirmados mais 110 mil casos e de 5 mil óbitos. A escassez de recursos laboratoriais e sobrecarga da rede assistencial, somados ao amplo espectro clínico da doença, pode dificultar a captação de toda a mortalidade por esta doença pela vigilância epidemiológica baseada na notificação individual dos casos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o excesso de mortes nas capitais brasileiras com maiores incidências de COVID-19, como forma de validação do método avaliamos, também, uma capital com baixa incidência.
Nós avaliamos a mortalidade semanal por todas as causas durante o ano de 2020, até a semana epidemiológica 17, comparando com o ano anterior. Os dados foram obtidos através da Central Nacional de Informações do Registro Civil (CNIRC). Nós estimamos a mortalidade esperada e o intervalo de confiança de 95% projetando a mortalidade observada em 2019 para a população de 2020.
Nas cinco capitais com maiores incidências foi possível identificar excesso de mortes no período da pandemia, a faixa etária mais afetada foram aqueles com mais de 60 anos, 31% do excesso de mortes ocorreu na população entre 20 e 59 anos. Houve uma forte correlação (r=0.94) entre o excesso de mortes em cada cidade e o número de mortes confirmados pela vigilância epidemiológica. Não houve excesso de mortes na capital com mais baixa incidência, nem entre a população com menos de 20 anos. Estimamos que a vigilância epidemiológica conseguiu captar apenas 52% de toda a mortalidade associada à pandemia de COVID-19 nas cidades estudadas.
Considerando a simplicidade do método, seu baixo custo e confiabilidade para avaliação da carga real da doença, acreditamos que a avaliação do excesso de mortalidade associado à pandemia de COVID-19 deveria ser amplamente utilizada como ferramenta complementar à vigilância epidemiológica regular e ter seu uso incentivado pela OMS.
Sex Prediction Using Finger, Hand and Foot Measurements for Forensic Identification in a Nigerian Population
Authors: IROANYA Onyekachi Ogbonnaya , EGWUATU Tochukwu Frank , TALABI Oluwabusayo Temitope , OGUNLEYE İfeoluwa Stella 
Published: May 2020

In
forensics, the identification of recovered human remains is important and of great significance. Sex determination is the most important primary
parameter in human identification. We investigated the predictive
role of the anthropometric measurements of hand, finger and foot dimensions in
sex determination. The main objective was to correlate sexual dimorphism with
hand, finger and foot dimensions and determine their sectioning point(s) and
also ascertain the variables which can better predict sex. A
cross sectional study was carried out using 200 students from Faculty
of Science, University of Lagos, Nigeria aged 16-30 years. The
collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. The average hand length,
breadth and index were found to be 17.44mm, 8.09mm and 0.3781mm greater in male
compared to the female subjects respectively, with no significant (p&lt;0.05) difference
between the right and left hand in the same sex.
The resultant hand index suggests the females have higher dolichocheir morphology
compared
to males and no hyperbrachycheir morphology. The cutoff point index for the right (≤43.41mm) and left
(≤42.90mm) hand is suggestive of female, but is suggestive of male if the right
hand is &gt;43.41mm and left hand is &gt;42.90mm. A foot index section points for
the right (347.9mm) and left (349.4mm) foot was taken for male
and female foot identification. A cut
of point of 348.7mm was obtained to define sexual dimorphism of the foot index.
There was strong correlation between foot dimensions of both feet for the same
sex (p&lt;0.01) while the foot dimensions of the male and the female were
significantly (p&lt;0.05) different. The hand (length and breadth),
index/ring fingers ratio, foot (length and breadth) and ankle breadth are therefore
important indices and forensic identification tool
for
predicting sexual dimorphism and identifying human remains for medicolegal
examinations.
Evaluation of hearing in patients of chronic renal failure
Authors: Mukhtar Sabreena , Thomas James , Ghate Girija , Khan Raphella 
Published: May 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered to be a major public health problem and only some studies have subsequently suggested the possibility of a link between the ear and the kidney. The aim of the study was to look for an association between the hearing loss and its association with CKD in absence of any underlying co-morbidities.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study design was a hospital based cross sectional study. 50 patients diagnosed with CKD were included. The patients were subjected to general physical examination, examination of ear by otoscopy and hearing test by tuning fork test (256 Hz, 512 Hz and 1024 Hz). Pure tone audiometry (PTA) was also done. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> It was observed that 24% patients were having unilateral or bilateral hearing loss. Of the 12 patients with hearing loss, PTA threshold was below or equal to 35 dB in 4 patients. Hearing threshold of 45 dB was observed in 3 patients. All 3 patients had unilateral involvement. 2 had hearing loss in right ear whereas left ear was involved in 1 patient. 5 patients had hearing threshold between 45-60 dB. Of these 5 patients, 3 had bilateral ear involvement whereas unilateral ear involvement was seen in remaining 2 patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> CKD is commonly associated with senorineuronal hearing loss. The incidence was 24% in our study population. PTA can be a non-invasive procedure which may be employed to detect CKD patients suffering from any hearing loss.</p>
A short term study for core stabilization as post operative protocol in post operated anterior cruciate ligament and its outcome
Authors: Krishna N. V. Siva Rama , Chitithoti Prathyush 
Published: May 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of the study was to assess the role of core stability exercises post op protocol for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructed cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Out of 100 only selected were<strong> </strong>ninety-two male athletes who got ACL reconstruction with anatomical positioning of tunnels and adequate graft were enrolled in the study that was conducted between 2017 January to 2019 February. The enrolled were divided into two groups based on random number sequence i.e. group A (conventional rehabilitation; n=46) and group B (core stabilization and conventional rehabilitation; n=46). Assessment was done at 6 months, 9 months and 12 months for assessing the functional outcome by International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, triple hop test, single leg hop test and knee laxity (KT-1000) test.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> At the end of study it was observed that scores of IKDC was higher in group B as compared to group A (p&lt;0.005). Similarly, single and triple hop test jump distances were more in group B as compared to group A (p&lt;0.05). In group A, 24 out of 43 sports persons returned to sports as compared to group B, where 35 out of 45 patients returned to sports (p value=0.02). There was no difference in KT-1000 score between two groups.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Addition of core stability exercises in the ACL rehabilitation program improves the functional outcome and incidence of return to sports. However, core stability exercises have no effect on knee stability.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
A mondván diskurzusjelölő variációs pragmatikai elemzése (1. rész)
Authors: Dér Csilla Ilona , Csontos Nóra , Furkó Péter 
Published: May 2020

A tanulmány a mondván „mondván” diskurzusjelölő funkcionális, stilisztikai, formai és regionális változékonyságát vizsgálja a mai magyar nyelvhasználatban. A Magyar Nemzeti Szövegtár (MNSz2) részletes korpuszelemzéséből kiderül, hogy a mondván az írott és beszélt sajtó, valamint az írott beszélt online nyelv tipikus eleme, egyszerre jelöli az idézetet és a magyarázatot (megjegyzés, értékelés, bizonyíték, újrafogalmazás stb.). A regionális és formai különbségek kevésbé egyértelműek, mint a funkcionális és stilisztikai különbségek, ami arra utal, hogy a mondván egy teljes értékű diskurzusjelölő, stabil funkciókkal.
Toxigenicity and Phylogeny of Aspergillus section Flavi in poultry feed in Iran
Authors: Ghaemmaghami Seyed Soheil , Pashootan Nasrin , Razzaghi-Abyaneh Mehdi 
Published: May 2020

Background and Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the presence of aflatoxigenic strains and level of aflatoxin in poultry feed. Aflatoxigenic strains were investigated in corn and soybean meal as the ingredients of poultry feed, as well as in two types of commercial feed, namely pellet and mash. The gene sequencing was performed to identify the species of Aspergillus section Flavi.
Materials and Methods: All samples were randomly collected from feed storage silos located in Iran in 2018. The samples were cultured on specialized media for 2 weeks at 28ºC. Identification of Aspergillus section Flavi isolates was based on macro- and microscopic morphological criteria and molecular analysis. The thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was applied to confirm the aflatoxigenic isolates. In addition, the level of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) produced by these isolates was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The strains were subjected to sequence analysis, and Bt2 PCR products were purified by the QIAquick PCR purification kit. At the final stage, the phylogenetic tree was built.
Results: Among 54 isolates identified as Aspergillus section Flavi, 20 (37%) isolates were found to produce aflatoxin at a range of 11.28±1.18 to 2239.92±92.26 μg/g fungal dry weight. The aflatoxigenic isolates had the frequencies of 45%, 40%, 10%, and 5% in the corn, pellet, soybean meal, and mash samples, respectively. Furthermore, the mean concentrations of AFB1 were significantly higher in the corn samples (707.04±39.05) than that of other poultry feed samples (P<0.05). A total of 34 (63%) isolates were detected as non-aflatoxigenic on the yeast extract-sucrose broth in TLC analysis. The toxigenic isolates produced the highest (2232.62±55.49) and lowest (11.28±1.18) levels of AFB1 in the corn samples, compared to other feedstuffs. Furthermore, the mean level of AFB1 in mash product was 554.09±10.36 μg/g, compared to a mean level of 229.22±11.09 μg/g in pellets. The isolates were randomly selected, sequenced, and then analyzed. Subsequently, the phylogenetic tree of Aspergillus section Flavi was plotted.
Conclusion: The process of converting raw ingredients to compound poultry feed is more hazardous when there is not enough time and temperature provided to eliminate aflatoxigenic isolates. Therefore, Aspergillus section Flavi in poultry feed can pose a threat to the poultry industry and poultry products, thereby affecting the health status of humans. Unprocessed/processed materials, such as corns and pelleted feed, need further monitoring, especially when conditions are not optimal for destroying the fungus.
Low in vitro activity of sertaconazole against clinical isolates of dermatophyte
Authors: Behnam Mahsa , Zarrinfar Hossein , Najafzadeh Mohammad Javad , Naseri Ali , Jarahi Lida , Novak Babič Monika 
Published: May 2020

Background and Purpose: Dermatophytes are a group of fungi specialized in invading humans and other vertebrate keratinized tissues. These fungi cause a variety of skin, nail, and hair disorders, called dermatophytosis (tinea). In some cases, drug resistance to antifungals necessitates special treatment. Among the antifungal agents, sertaconazole (i.e., a third-generation imidazole) has a broad-spectrum against dermatophyte species. Regarding this, the present study was conducted to investigate the antifungal susceptibility of dermatophytes obtained from patients with dermatophytosis in Mashhad located in northeastern Iran.
Materials and Methods: A total of 75 clinical dermatophyte isolates, including Trichophyton mentagrophytes (n=21), T. interdigital (n=18), T. tonsurans (n=16), Epidermophyton floccosum (n=11), Microsporum canis (n=5), Nannizzia fulvum (n=2), T. benhamiae (n=1), and T. verrucosum (n=1), were evaluated against five antifungal agents of sertaconazole, itraconazole, clotrimazole, terbinafine, and griseofulvin based on the CLSI M38-A2 guideline.
Results: According to the results, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges of sertaconazole, terbinafine, griseofulvin, itraconazole, and clotrimazole were estimated at 0.125-16, 0.002-1, 0.5-4, 0.031-4, and 0.016-4 μg/ml, respectively, for dermatophyte species. In addition, the geometric mean (GM) values of the MIC of sertaconazole, terbinafine, griseofulvin, itraconazole, and clotrimazole were obtained as 3.39, 1, 1.44, 1.52, and 1.93, respectively.
Conclusion: Among the tested antifungals, terbinafine and griseofulvin were the most effective agents against dermatophyte isolates. However, sertaconazole, a third-generation imidazole, did not show any significant effect. Furthermore, M. canis and E. floccosum showed the best response to the antifungal agents.
Curvularia lunata causing orbital cellulitis in a diabetic patient: An old fungus in a new territory
Authors: Narula Himanshu , Meena Suneeta , Jha Sweta , Kaistha Neelam , Pathania Monika , Gupta Pratima 
Published: May 2020

Background and Purpose: Rhinocerebral mycosis is a rapidly invasive infection in diabetic patients with an unfavorable course. Herein, we report a rare case of orbital cellulitis caused by Curvularia lunata following fungal rhinosinusitis in a diabetic male patient.
Case report: A 35-year-old male with uncontrolled diabetes presented to the emergency department of our center with high-grade fever accompanied by chills and rigors, severe diffuse headache, and projectile vomiting with swelling and loss of vision in the right eye. The tissue sample from surgical debridement showed pigmented hyphae; in addition, Curvularia lunata was isolated in culture. Imaging was indicative of orbital extension. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with fungal rhinosinusitis with orbital cellulitis. The patient was subjected to extensive surgical debridement, along with antifungals. Rhinosinusitis resolved; however, the loss of vision was irreversible.
Conclusion: Orbital cellulitis is a very rare but life-threatening complication of fungal rhinosinusitis. Very few cases of orbital cellulitis following fungal rhinosinusitis have been reported in the literature. Early and prompt diagnosis can save the life of a patient.
The first rare and fatal case of invasive aspergillosis of spinal cord due to Aspergillus nidulans in an Iranian child with chronic granulomatosis disease: review of literature
Authors: Tavakoli Mahin , Hedayati Mohammad Taghi , Mirhendi Hossein , Nouripour-Sisakht Sadegh , Hedayati Newsha , Saghafi Fatemeh , Mamishi Setareh 
Published: May 2020

Background and Purpose: Invasive aspergillosis (IA) of the central nervous system (CNS) is a devastating complication which is rarely reported in immunocompromised children.In this case presentation, we reported a rare and fatal IA with spinal cord involvement in a 10-year-old child with X-linked chronic granulomatosis disease (CGD).
Case report: The child had a previous history of pulmonary tuberculosis. A cervical spine X-ray revealed the involvement of cervical vertebrae (T4/T5) and ribs causing spinal cord compression and epidural abscess. The patient underwent a decompressive laminectomy and mass removal. The histopathology and culture results suggested IA. Despite the aggressive and prolonged therapy, he died within one year. Aspergillus nidulans was identified as the causative agent based on morphological and molecular studies.
Conclusion: This synopsis represents the aggressive behavior of infection caused by A. nidulans in the CGD patient.
GPS Based City Wise Integration System for City Vendors
Authors: Shrivastava Vaidehi , Dhakad Harsh , Bajaj Samarth , Divyasheesh Viplove 
Published: May 2020

This research paper focuses on creating a platform for street vendors which will improve their availability to users by displaying their real-time location nearby user’s locality along with their respective services. This doesn’t require any expensive hardware allowing users to get notified when a hawker providing services of user’s interest pass through her street.
Small-scaled business people like hawkers have a large impact on a country's economy because of their large population in developing countries like India. Due to minimal exposure to technology, they use classic business methods which struggle to uphold their position against tough competition from large organizations. These hawkers can be uplifted by providing a platform which will be based on advanced business strategies developed on the basis of those which are introduced by modern economists and business ideologists.
This platform will be as useful for static vendors as it is for dynamic vendors not limiting to a single service but to all street vendors present despite the service they provide. Hence, users won’t have to look for vendors floating in the streets as their location will be visible on the map in the application.