bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical Shannon information entropies for all discrete multidimensional hydrogenic states
Authors: Toranzo Irene V. , Puertas‐Centeno David , Sobrino Nahual , Dehesa Jesús S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe entropic uncertainty measures of the multidimensional hydrogenic states quantify the multiple facets of the spatial delocalization of the electronic probability density of the system. The Shannon entropy is the most adequate uncertainty measure to quantify the electronic spreading and to mathematically formalize the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, partially because it does not depend on any specific point of their multidimensional domain of definition. In this work, the radial and angular parts of the Shannon entropies for all the discrete stationary states of the multidimensional hydrogenic systems are obtained from first principles; that is, they are given in terms of the states' principal and magnetic hyperquantum numbers (n, μ1, μ2, …, μ
D−1), the system's dimensionality D and the nuclear charge Z in an analytical, compact form. Explicit expressions for the total Shannon entropies are given for the quasi‐spherical states, which conform to a relevant class of specific states of the D‐dimensional hydrogenic system characterized by the hyperquantum numbers μ1 = μ2 … = μ
D−1 = n − 1, including the ground state.
Consumer engagement in the circular economy: Exploring clothes swapping in emerging economies from a social practice perspective
Authors: Camacho‐Otero Juana , Pettersen Ida Nilstad , Boks Casper 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOne of the sectors that are being challenged to become circular is the clothing sector. Clothe swapping is considered as an example of a circular solution that enables slowing material loops. However, consumers have failed to widely engage in this type of practice and only a few studies explore this topic using a social practice perspective. This theoretical approach bridges individual and structural approaches to social change. In this study we explore why people in an emerging economy such as Colombia engage in clothe swapping, by exploring it from a social practice perspective. Based on interview and visual data, we explored the configuration of the practice, the interaction between elements, and the reasons why it recruits practitioners. We found that people participate in clothe swapping for economic, environmental, and innovative reasons. In order to perform the practice, three types of elements are involved: material elements such as clothes and place, skills for selecting and preparing the clothes for exchange and rules regarding these materials and behaviours during the event, and images and meanings. We characterised three interconnections between these elements that have been used to enable the practice, and finally, we explored how the participants' networks, histories, and capitals; the social significance of the practice; and its connections to other practices influence recruitment. This approach allowed us to identify paradoxes between the purpose and the implementation of the practice. Future research could use this perspective to compare cases in different socio‐economic context.
Revealing Grain Boundaries and Defect Formation in Nanocrystal Superlattices by Nanodiffraction
Authors: Mukharamova Nastasia , Lapkin Dmitry , Zaluzhnyy Ivan A. , André Alexander , Lazarev Sergey , Kim Young Yong , Sprung Michael , Kurta Ruslan P. , Schreiber Frank , Vartanyants Ivan A. , Scheele Marcus 
Published: November 2019

AbstractX‐ray nanodiffraction is applied to study the formation and correlation of domain boundaries in mesocrystalline superlattices of PbS nanocrystals with face‐centered cubic structure. Each domain of the superlattice can be described with one of two mesocrystalline polymorphs with different orientational orders. Close to a grain boundary, the lattice constant decreases and the superlattice undergoes an out‐of‐plane rotation, while the orientation of the nanocrystals with respect to the superlattice remains unchanged. These findings are explained with the release of stress on the expense of specific nanocrystal–substrate interactions. The fact that correlations between adjacent nanocrystals are found to survive the structural changes at most grain boundaries implies that the key to nanocrystal superlattices with macroscopic domain sizes are strengthened interactions with the substrate.
Semolina Pasta Replaced with Whole Unripe Plantain Flour: Chemical, Cooking Quality, Texture, and Starch Digestibility
Authors: Garcia‐Valle Daniel E. , Agama‐Acevedo Edith , Alvarez‐Ramirez Jose , Bello‐Perez Luis A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSpaghetti pasta is prepared with semolina and whole unripe plantain flour (WUPF) as dietary fiber source at three different fractions (0.15, 0.25, and 0.35 w/w). Hi‐Maize 260 (HM) is used as commercial dietary fiber to compare the results. It is found that HM producs pasta with cooking parameters similar to pasta containing only semolina. However, WUPF addition increases cooking loss about threefold. Hardness of pasta formulations containing dietary fiber is lowered by about 30% by the addition of either HM or WUPF. In contrast, adhesiveness is reduced by about 80% by the effect of the dietary fiber addition. The digestibility of the cooked pasta is largely affected by the presence of dietary fiber, with similar results for WUPF and HM. The slowly digestible starch fraction is increased from about 15% for pasta made with semolina, to about 75–85% for pasta incorporating dietary fiber, either WUPF or HM. The resistant starch fraction is only marginally affected by dietary fiber. Overall, the results show that WUPF is a viable alternative to commercial dietary fiber sources (like HM) for improving the digestibility characteristics of semolina‐based pasta.
Modeling the microstructure at steel–concrete interface in reinforced concrete
Authors: Chen Fangjie , Baji Hassan , Li Chun‐Qing , Lau Ian , Ma Baoguo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe microstructure at the steel–concrete interface can significantly affect corrosion of steel and corrosion‐induced cracking of reinforced concrete (RC). This paper aims to model the thickness of porous band around the steel–concrete interface as a function of concrete design parameters. Both the maximum (d
0,max) and equivalent uniform thickness (

0) of the porous band are thoroughly examined. The developed model is robust in predicting the thickness around the steel–concrete interface, the maximum and equivalent uniform thickness of the porous band. It is found in the paper that water to cement ratio and concrete cover show strong correlations with the porous band (d
0) while aggregate size shows no correlation. The contribution of the paper is that the developed models for porous band around the steel–concrete interface can improve the prediction of corrosion‐induced cracking of RC and hence prevent premature and avoidable failures of corrosion affected concrete structures.
Calculation of visible crack width of concrete surface under temperature and shrinkage gradient deformations
Authors: Xu Zhaoquan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTemperature and humidity conducting gradient and segregation of materials, could cause obvious gradient deformation and terrible‐looking cracks on concrete surface. Because of the complicated cracking mechanism and numerous influencing factors, the prediction work of this cracks width in engineering is always very difficult. Combined with material segregation characteristics, the deformations of temperature change and shrinkage are considered by layers, and the inter stresses between layers are calculated out. After taking into account the crack toughness, the crack depth and width are determined. When the width exceeds 0.05 mm that is the recognized macro‐fracture index, visible crack of concrete is considered to occur. Using this method, the crack widths under several typical working conditions were calculated, and their distribution and development characteristics were analyzed.
Serosurvey for Brucella spp. and Coxiella burnetii in animals on Caribbean islands
Authors: Johnson Jason W. , Lucas Helene , King Sharon , Caron Tyler , Wang Chengming , Kelly Patrick J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTo determine the prevalence of antibodies to Brucella melitensis, Brucella abortus and Coxiella burnetii in animals on Caribbean islands we obtained sera from convenience samples of cattle (C), sheep (S), goats (G) and cats (F) from Dominica (C, S, G), Grenada (C, S, G), Montserrat (C, S, G), Puerto Rico (C), Nevis (C, S, G), St Kitts (C, S, G, F) and St Lucia (C, G). The sera were tested for antibodies against the Brucella spp. using commercial ELISA kits. Some sera were also tested at 1/80 for antibodies to C. burnetii using an indirect fluorescent antibody test. Positive sera were also tested at 1/640. None of 599 cattle, 462 sheep or 434 goats were positive in the Brucella ELISAs. None of 230 cattle had antibodies against C. burnetii, but one of 299 sheep was positive at 1/80 (Dominica – 1/54, 2%, 95% CI (0%–5.6%)), as were two of 314 goats, at 1/80 (Grenada – 1/53, 2%, 95% CI (0%–7.5%)) and 1/640 (St Kitts − 1/18, 5.6%, 95% CI (0%–16.7%)), and one of 34 cats, at 1/80 (St Kitts − 1/34; 3%, 95% CI (0%–8.8%)). Our data suggests that there is a very low prevalence or absence of B. melitensis and B. abortus on Caribbean islands. Coxiella burnetii, however, is present but it appears to be present on only some islands and then only at low levels. Overall, there appears to be a low threat to human and animal health from these organisms in the Caribbean.
Resolution of inflammation during multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ruiz F. , Vigne S. , Pot C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a frequent autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). There are three clinical forms described: relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), the most common initial presentation (85%) among which, if not treated, about half will transform, into the secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) and the primary progressive MS (PPMS) (15%) that is directly progressive without superimposed clinical relapses. Inflammation is present in all subsets of MS. The relapsing/remitting form could represent itself a particular interest for the study of inflammation resolution even though it remains incomplete in MS. Successful resolution of acute inflammation is a highly regulated process and dependent on mechanisms engaged early in the inflammatory response that are scarcely studied in MS. Moreover, recent classes of disease-modifying treatment (DMTs) that are effective against RRMS act by re-establishing the inflammatory imbalance, taking advantage of the pre-existing endogenous suppressor. In this review, we will discuss the active role of regulatory immune cells in inflammation resolution as well as the role of tissue and non-hematopoietic cells as contributors to inflammation resolution. Finally, we will explore how DMTs, more specifically induction therapies, impact the resolution of inflammation during MS.
Ruthenium dioxide nanoparticles as a high-capacity transducer in solid-contact polymer membrane-based pH-selective electrodes
Authors: Lenar Nikola , Paczosa-Bator Beata , Piech Robert 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA new approach is presented for the design of ion selective electrodes. Ruthenium dioxide nanoparticles were incorporated into solid-contact electrodes, and their properties were studied for the case of pH-selective electrodes. The use of the RuO2is shown to significantly improve the potentiometric response, while no redox response is observed. The use of RuO2results in a Nernstian slope (59 mV/decade) towards hydrogen ions over a wide linear range (pH 2 to 12). The results obtained by chronopotentiometry reveal small resistance, and the capacitance is as high as 1.12 mF. This results in a good stability of the response and in a low potential drift (0.89 μV∙s−1). The electrodes exhibit properties nearly as excellent as those of a glass electrode, but they are much smaller, less fragile, and easy to use.
Incremental community discovery via latent network representation and probabilistic inference
Authors: Cui Zhe , Park Noseong , Chakraborty Tanmoy 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMost of the community detection algorithms assume that thecompletenetwork structure$$\mathcal {G}=(\mathcal {V},\mathcal {E})$$G=(V,E)is available in advance for analysis. However, in reality this may not be true due to several reasons, such as privacy constraints and restricted access, which result in a partial snapshot of the entire network. In addition, we may be interested in identifying the community information of only a selected subset of nodes (denoted by$$\mathcal {V}_{{\mathrm{T}}} \subseteq \mathcal {V}$$VT⊆V), rather than obtaining the community structure of all the nodes in$$\mathcal {G}$$G. To this end, we propose an incremental community detection method that repeats two stages—(i) network scan and (ii) community update. In the first stage, our method selects an appropriate node in such a way that the discovery of its local neighborhood structure leads to an accurate community detection in the second stage. We propose a novel criterion, calledInformation Gain, based on existing network embedding algorithms (Deepwalk and node2vec) to scan a node. The proposed community update stage consists of expectation–maximization and Markov Random Field-based denoising strategy. Experiments with 5 diverse networks with known ground-truth community structure show that our algorithm achieves 10.2% higher accuracy on average over state-of-the-art algorithms for both network scan and community update steps.
How Do Mothers’ Parental Attributions Affect Child Outcomes from a Positive Parenting Intervention? A Mediation Study
Authors: Sawrikar Vilas , Hawes David J. , Moul Caroline , Dadds Mark R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractProblematic parental attributions refer to negative causal explanations for child problem behaviour and are known to predict parenting intervention outcomes. This study examines alternative accounts of how mothers’ problematic parental attributions, operationalised as negative pre-treatment and change resistant parental attributions during treatment, may affect child behaviour outcomes from a parenting intervention program. Putative mediators included parental feelings about the child and use of harsh discipline. Participants were 163 families with children aged from 3 to 16 referred to specialist clinics for the treatment of conduct problems. Measures were collected as part of pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up assessments. Mothers’ pre-treatment and change resistant parental attributions were associated with smaller improvements in parental feelings at the end of treatment which in turn were associated with greater use of harsh discipline. Greater use of harsh discipline was associated with greater conduct problems overall. Smaller improvements in parental feelings mediated the effects of pre-treatment and change resistant parental attributions on outcomes in mothers’ use of harsh discipline and mediated the effects of change resistant parental attributions on outcomes in child conduct problems. Smaller improvements in parental feelings about the child may act as a mechanism that explains the impact of problematic parental attributions on treatment outcomes.
Influence of glass beads filler and orientation process on piezoelectric properties of polyethylene composites
Authors: Kaczmarek Halina , Chylińska Marta , Królikowski Bogusław , Klimiec Ewa , Bajer Dagmara , Kowalonek Jolanta 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe effect of silica filler (in the form of glass beads) on polyethylene composite properties has been studied. Conditions for obtaining polyethylene-based composites in the extrusion process were developed. Two types of such composites were prepared: non-oriented and oriented in the uniaxial stretching process in a ratio of 3:1. The morphology, microstructure (including crystallinity degree), mechanical resistance, and thermal stability of the obtained composites containing 2.5–10% of the filler were analyzed by the scanning electron microscopy connected with energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry methods, and tensile tests. In order to induce piezoelectric effect, the samples were charged with a direct current of 100 V/μm at 85 °C. The piezoelectric properties of the polyethylene composites were determined by the measurement of charge and voltage of current generated during action of stress up to 120 kPa. Piezoelectric coefficients, d33 and g33, versus applied stress were determined and the stability of electrets stored during 2–5 months was tested too. The best piezoelectric properties were found for medium-density polyethylene composite containing 5% of glass beads.
An observational analysis of meal patterns in overweight and obese pregnancy: exploring meal pattern behaviours and the association with maternal and fetal health measures
Authors: Ainscough Kate M. , Kennelly Maria A. , Lindsay Karen L. , O’Brien Eileen C. , O’Sullivan Elizabeth J. , Mehegan John , Gibney Eileen R. , McAuliffe Fionnuala M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Nutrient intakes are known to be poorer among pregnant women with raised body mass index (BMI) than those with a healthy BMI. While meal patterns have the potential to influence obstetric, metabolic and anthropometric measures for mother and infant, limited data exists regarding meal patterns among pregnant women with raised BMI.

Aim
To identify categories of meal patterns among pregnant women with overweight and obesity and determine whether patterns change with advancing gestation. To determine if maternal meal patterns are associated with dietary intakes and pregnancy outcomes.

Methods
Prospective, observational analysis of pregnant women (n = 143) (BMI 25–39.9 kg/m2). Meal pattern data were analysed from 3-day food diaries at 16 and 28 weeks’ gestation. Outcomes include maternal blood glucose, insulin resistance, gestational diabetes, gestational weight gain and infant anthropometry.

Results
Three meal pattern categories were identified: ‘main meal dominant’ (3 main eating occasions + 0–3 snacks), ‘large meal dominant’ (≤ 2 main eating occasions + < 2 snacks), and ‘snack dominant’ (3 main eating occasions + > 3 snacks and ≤ 2 main + ≥ 2 snacks). A main meal–dominant pattern prevailed at 16 weeks’ (85.3%) and a snack-dominant pattern at 28 weeks’ (68.5%). Dietary glycaemic index was lower among the main meal versus large meal–dominant pattern at 28 weeks (P = 0.018). Infant birth weight (kg) and macrosomia were highest among participants with a large meal–dominant pattern at 28 weeks (P = 0.030 and P = 0.008, respectively).

Conclusion
Women with raised BMI changed eating patterns as pregnancy progressed, moving from main meal–dominant to snack-dominant patterns. Large meal–dominant meal patterns in later pregnancy were associated with higher glycaemic index and greater prevalence of macrosomia.
Growth and Neurodevelopment of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children: a Conceptual Framework
Authors: Wedderburn Catherine J. , Evans Ceri , Yeung Shunmay , Gibb Diana M. , Donald Kirsten A. , Prendergast Andrew J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe population of HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children is expanding rapidly, and over one million HEU infants are born each year globally. Several recent studies have reported that HEU children, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, are at risk of poor outcomes, including impaired growth and neurodevelopment. However, the reasons for poor clinical outcomes amongst HEU children remain unclear.Recent FindingsWe summarise the findings from recent large studies that have characterised growth and neurodevelopment in HEU children, identified risk factors and explored underlying mechanistic pathways. We propose a conceptual framework to explain how exposure to HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) may lead to adverse growth and neurodevelopment in uninfected children, and review the available evidence and research gaps.SummaryWe propose that HEU children are affected both indirectly, through the augmentation of universal risk factors underlying poor growth and neurodevelopment, and directly through HIV/ART-specific pathways, which ultimately may converge through a series of common pathogenic mechanisms.In the era of universal ART, a better understanding of these pathways is crucial to inform future prevention and intervention strategies.
Identifying and Responding to Child Neglect within Schools: Differing Perspectives and the Implications for Inter-Agency Practice
Authors: Sharley Victoria 
Published: November 2019

AbstractChild neglect is the most common reason for a child to be placed on the child protection register in Wales. Due to their central position within the community, schools provide opportunities for staff to observe children’s interactions with peers and family members, five days a week, over an extended period of time and development. Although literature acknowledges schools as pivotal sites for the identification of child maltreatment, little is known about the manner in which school staff recognise and respond to child neglect in their roles. This paper brings new understanding about the way in which child neglect is identified by school staff in Wales. The mixed method research design comprises two phases: quantitative social work case file analysis, qualitative semi-structured interviews and non-participant observation. This paper presents two key findings from the thirty interviews with staff in mainstream schools undertaken within the second phase of the study. Findings emphasise the presence of differing professional perspectives between school staff and social services: firstly the identification of child neglect within the boundaries of the school, and secondly the interprofessional challenges which exist for school staff when responding to child neglect. Findings have important implications for future policy and practice in the delivery of school-based service provision, and broader messages for the development of effective inter-professional relationships between staff in all universal services and statutory services when supporting and protecting children who are suspected of living with neglect.
Risk factors associated with the development of moderate to severe chronic graft-versus-host disease after non-myeloablative conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with AML or MDS
Authors: Kok Laurence M. C. , Bungener Laura , de Bock Geertruida H. , Biswana Anouschka , van der Wal Geertiena , van Imhoff Gustaaf W. , Bellido Mar 
Published: November 2019

AbstractModerate to severe chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is associated with high morbidity, hospital dependency and poor quality of life. In this study, we analyzed a well-defined consecutive series of 98 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome (AML/MDS) who received allogeneic stem cell transplantation with non-myeloablative (NMA) conditioning to determine risk factors associated with the severity of cGVHD. cGVHD was defined according to the 2005 National Institute of Health consensus criteria. Transfusions before transplantation, presence of HLA antibodies, composition of the graft (CD3+, CD19+, CD34+ cells), sibling or matched unrelated donor, female donor to male recipient, CMV serology and the development of acute GVHD (aGVHD), were considered potential risk factors. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified the number of CD19+ 106/kg (HR 2.79; 95% CI 1.35–5.74), CD3+ 106/kg (HR 2.18; 95% CI 1.04–4.59) infused cells and the presence of patient HLA antibodies before transplantation (HR 2.34; CI 1.11–4.95) as significant risk factors for the development of moderate to severe cGVHD. In summary, we identified in a small, but well-defined cohort, 3 risk factors associated with the severity of cGVHD that should be validated in a larger multi-center study.