bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different surgical outcome and follow up status between dMMR and pMMR colorectal cancer patients who fulfilled with Amsterdam-II criteria
Authors: Sun Ciyuan , Chiang Jyming , Chen Tseching , Hung Hsinyun , You Jengfu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Although hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) could be subtyped into proficient or deficient mismatch repair gene expression (pMMR or dMMR), distinct clinical features between these two subgroups patients was rare reported.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 175 hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) patients between January 1995 to December 2012. Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare the differences between two subgroups.

Results

Significant differences of disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) exist between dMMR and pMMR. In addition to other factors including younger mean age of diagnosis for dMMR patients (48.6 years v.s. 54.3 years), operation type (more extended colectomy for dMMR 35.8% v.s. 14.5%), tumor location (right colon predominance for dMMR 61.7% v.s. 27.3% and more rectum cases for pMMR 41.8% v.s. 11 .7%), tumor differentiation (more poor differentiation for dMMR 23.3% v.s. 9.0%), N staging (more N0 cases for dMMR 70.8% v.s. 50 .9%), more frequently presence of extra-colonic tumors for dMMR (16.7% v.s. 1.8%) and lower recurrence rates (9.1% v.s.35 .3%). Significantly different cumulative incidence of developing metachronous colorectal cancer were observed with 6.18 for pMMR patients and 20.57 person-years for dMMR patients ( p <0.001).

Conclusions

Distinct clinicopathological features significantly exist between dMMR and pMMR subtypes patient, MMR status should be consider to tailor operation types and follow up surveillance between these two subgroups patients who all fulfilled with Amsterdam-II criteria.
Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life Decline in Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Maqhuzu Phillen Nozibuyiso , Szentes Boglárka Lilla , Kreuter Michael , Bahmer Thomas , Kahn Nicolas , Claussen Martin , Holle Rolf , Schwarzkopf Larissa 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQL) in interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients is impaired. We aimed to identify baseline predictors for HRQL decline within a 12-month observation period. Methods: We analyzed 194 ILD patients from two German ILD-centers in the observational HILDA study. We employed the disease-specific King’s Brief Interstitial Lung Disease questionnaire (K-BILD) with the subdomains ‘psychological impact’, ‘chest symptoms’ and ‘breathlessness and activities’, and the generic EQ-5D Visual Analog Scale (VAS). We evaluated how many patients experienced a clinically meaningful decline in HRQL. Subsequently, we investigated medical and sociodemographic factors as potential predictors of HRQL deterioration. Results: Within the study population (34.0% male, Ø age 61.7) mean HRQL scores hardly changed between baseline and follow up (K-BILD: 52.8 vs. 52.5 | VAS: 60.0 vs. 57.3). On the intra-individual level, 30.4% (n = 59) experienced a clinically relevant deterioration in K-BILD total score and 35.4% (n = 68) in VAS. Lower baseline forced vital capacity % predicted determined HRQL decline in K-BILD total score (ß– coefficient -0.02, p = 0.007), VAS (ß–coefficient -0.03, p < 0.0001), and in the subdomain ‘psychological impact’ (ß– coefficient -0.02, p = 0.014). Lower baseline diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide % predicted determined deterioration in ‘breathlessness and activities’ (ß– coefficient -0.04, p = 0.003) and ‘chest symptoms’ (ß– coefficient -0.04, p = 0.002). Additionally, increasing age predicted decline in ‘psychological impact’ (ß–coefficient 0.06, p < 0.007). Conclusion: A third of ILD patients experience a clinically relevant HRQL deterioration within 12 months, which is mainly predicted by lung function baseline value.
Decisional conflict scale for elective thoracic surgery
Authors: Kaneda Hiroyuki , Nakano Takahito , Murakawa Tomohiro 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background The relationship between patients and physicians in medical decision-making has changed in recent times. Although patients understand essential medical information, the estimation of risk/benefit of planned treatments is a difficult decision-making process for them. The research of decisional conflict targeted decision at surgery has been rarely performed. We prospectively researched decisional conflict using a questionnaire survey for patients with elective thoracic surgery and retrospectively reviewed the quantified and subcategorized data to examine clinical factors related with the decisional conflict scale (DCS) and the quality of life (QOL).Methods For patients with thoracic surgery, self-administered questionnaire surveys regarding decisional conflict and QOL were conducted at three time points: the day before surgery, at discharge, and at 3 months after surgery. The questionnaire survey of DCS is composed of five categories (uncertainty, informed, values clarity, support, and effective decision making) that use a five-point Likert-type response. QOL was measured in the Japanese version of the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory.Results The questionnaire surveys were performed from April 2017 to March 2019. Eighty six patients were analyzed in this study. The total DCS scores did not differ among pre-surgery, post-surgery, and 3 months after surgery (21.8, 20.3, 19.2, respectively; P = 0.48). The effective decision subscores significantly decreased after surgery (19.2, 13.4, 13.7, p = 0.041). The pain scores at discharge were significantly higher in patients who underwent thoracotomy surgeries than VATS (6.5 vs. 4.0, p = 0.013). However, the DCS scores did not show any significant difference between the surgical approaches at discharge (thoracotomy: 12.5, VATS: 13.5, p = 0.86) and at 3 months after surgery (thoracotomy: 22.5, VATS: 12.5, p = 0.11). The effective decision subscores did not show significance to post-operative complications at post-surgery before discharge and at 3 months after surgery (p = 0.94 and p = 0.40). At 3 months after surgery, the most QOL scores were significantly related to the total scores of DCS.Conclusions Patient’s own experience of thoracic surgery and post-operative management may decrease patient dissatisfaction. The findings suggest that decisional support for patients to organize their concrete perioperative management would ameliorate their satisfaction.
Evaluation of Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive α-fetoprotein for diagnosis of malignant tumors
Authors: Lu Qiong , Xia Jinxing , Zheng Meijuan , Jia Zhongwei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: To assess the potential of AFP-L3% for the utility to diagnose malignant tumors.Methods: The AFP-L3 was concentrated from clinically-collected serum samples via the Hotgen Biotech glycosyl capture spin columns and then measured through the protein microarrays. The levels of AFP and AFP-L3 were detected by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. In this retrospective study, 266 patients with the level of serum AFP-L3 over 1ng/ml were recruited from December 2014 through April 2019,Among them, 155 patients were clinically diagnosed/confirmed with malignant tumors, including 101 hepatocellular carcinomas, 47 stomach malignant tumors, and 7 other malignant tumors; and the rest of 111 patients were nomalignant tumors.Results: Patients with serum AFP-L3 level of greater than 1ng/ml were mainly detected in hepatic diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis. In patients with no tumors, the levels of serum AFP-L3 over 1ng/ml were only observed in liver disease. The levels of AFP-L3 in blood were substantially greater in patients with HCC. Among the malignant tumor patients with the level of serum AFP-L3 over 1ng/ml, HCC accounted for 60%, gastric cancer for nearly 40%. The AFP, AFP-L3 and AFP-L3% in blood were increased significantly in patients with liver malignancy, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. However, the elevation of AFP-L3 and AFP-L3% in the malignant cohort was more evident than that in the nonmalignant counterpart.Conclusions: AFP-L3 is likely to contribute to differential diagnosis of HCC as well as other hepatic diseases, AFP-L3% is a reliable indicator for diagnosing benign and malignant tumors.
Effects of melatonin administration to cashmere goats on cashmere production and hair follicle characteristics in two consecutive cashmere growth cycles
Authors: Yang Chunhe , Duan Chunhui , Wu Ziyuan , Li Yan , Luan Yinyin , Fu Xiajie , Zhang Chunxiang , Zhang Wei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Short-term melatonin treatment of cashmere goats has been shown to increase the quantity and quality of cashmere fibre. However, the long-term effects of melatonin treatment on cashmere production and hair follicle characteristics of these goats has not been reported. Therefore, we investigated changes in cashmere production and in hair follicle populations and their activity in melatonin-treated cashmere goats for two consecutive cashmere growth cycles.Methods: Twenty-four female Inner Mongolian Cashmere goats were randomly allocated to two groups (n = 12), one of which received melatonin implants, the other being an untreated control group. Melatonin implants were subcutaneously inserted behind the ear at a dose of 2 mg/kg live weight on two occasions – 30 April and 30 June 2016. Cashmere samples were collected at combing in April of 2017 and 2018. Blood and skin samples were collected monthly between April and September 2016, and during April and September in 2017. Results: Our results showed that melatonin treatment of cashmere goats in one cashmere growth cycle increased (P < 0.05) weight, length, density and decreased (P < 0.01) diameter of cashmere fibre, however it did not affect cashmere production in the following annual cycle. Melatonin treatment of cashmere goats had no effect on the population of secondary hair follicles for the two consecutive cycles. However, in the first growth cycle following treatment it advanced (P < 0.05) the onset of activity of secondary hair follicles by 2 months and it increased (P < 0.05) the population of these follicles that were active. Serum melatonin concentrations of the treated goats were elevated, relative to those of the control group (P < 0.05), but only during the first growth cycle.Conclusions: In summary, melatonin treatment of cashmere goats in one cashmere growth cycle improved cashmere production for that cycle only, with no residual effects on the following cycle. This makes the technique acceptable to the cashmere goat industry. The improvement in cashmere production following treatment of goats with melatonin appears to involve an acceleration of the annual regeneration of secondary hair follicles and an increased population of active secondary hair follicles in the skin of cashmere goats.
Effect of early enteral nutrition and aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation on clinical outcomes in pediatric severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Xia Jing , Li Jing , Wu Jie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : Early enteral nutrition (EN) and aggressive intravenous fluid (IVF) resuscitation are recommended in adult patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Whether these recommendations influence the outcomes of pediatric SAP is unclear and need to be figured out. Methods : We performed a retrospective review of pediatric patients with SAP admitted to Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 1, 2012 to September 30, 2019. Data regarding demographic and baseline characteristics of SAP patients were collected. The outcomes studied were abdominal pain duration, time for recovery of food intake, length of stay (LOS), number of attacks, complication rate, and fatality rate. Results : This study included 40 pediatric SAP patients. We divided all patients into the EN+IVF group, nil per os (NPO)+IVF group, and NPO+ no IVF group. There was no significant difference in demographic and baseline characteristics in the different groups. However, children who received EN and IVF treatment had the shortest abdominal pain duration, time for recovery of food intake, and LOS. Conclusion : Our study found that early EN and aggressive IVF resuscitation improved the outcome of pediatric patients with SAP.
Rate, determinants, and causes of stillbirth in Jordan: Findings from the Jordan Stillbirth and Neonatal Surveillance (JSANDS) system
Authors: Shattnawi Khulood Kayed , Khader Yousef S. , Alyahya Mohammad , Al-Sheyab Nihaya , Batieha Anwar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Annually, 2.6 million stillbirths occur around the world, with about 98% occur in low and middle-income countries. The stillbirth rates in these countries are 10 times higher than the rates in high-income countries.Methods: An electronic stillbirths and neonatal deaths surveillance system (JSANDS) was established in five large hospitals located in three of the largest cities in Jordan in August 2019. JSANDS was developed as a secure on-line data entry system to collect, organize, analyse, and disseminate data on stillbirths, neonatal deaths, and their causes. Data on births, stillbirths and their causes, and other demographic and clinical characteristics in the period between August 2019 – January 2020 were extracted and analysed.Results: A total of 10328 births were registered during the reporting period. Of the total births, 102 were born dead (88 antepartum stillbirths and 14 intrapartum stillbirths) with a rate of 9.9 per 1000 total births. The main fetal causes of antepartum stillbirths were antepartum death of unspecified cause (33.7%), acute antepartum event (33.7%), congenital malformations and chromosomal abnormalities (13.3%), and disorders related to the length of gestation and fetal growth (10.8%). The main maternal causes of antepartum stillbirths included complications of placental cord and membranes (48.7%), maternal complications of pregnancy (23.1%), and maternal medical and surgical conditions (23.1%). Fetal causes of intrapartum stillbirths included congenital malformations deformations and chromosomal abnormalities, other specified intrapartum disorder, intrapartum death of unspecified cause (33.3% each). Maternal causes of intrapartum stillbirths included complications of placental cord and membranes. In the multivariate analysis, the odds of stillbirth for very low birth weight (<1500 gm) babies and for low birthweight babies (1500-2499 gm) were 14.1 times 4.3 times that odds for babies born with normal birth weight, respectively. The stillbirth rate was significantly higher among preterm deliveries compared to full-term deliveries (OR = 5.6).Conclusions: Although the rate of stillbirth is lower than that in other countries in the region, there is an opportunity to prevent such deaths. While the majority of stillbirths occurred during the antepartum period, care should be taken for early identification of high-risk pregnancies and ensuring adequate antenatal obstetric interventions.
Root of Angelica gigas Nakai ameliorates ischemic stroke-induced brain injury in mice through the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways
Authors: Lee Se-Eun , Lim Chiyeon , Cho Suin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Ischemic stroke results in disability and increased risk of morbidity, resulting in a massive burden on patients and caregivers. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) has a limited window of opportunity for efficacy and causes side effects including hemorrhage; therefore, safer and more effective therapeutic strategies are required. In this study, the neuroprotective effects of a methanolic extract of AGR (AGmex) in ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain injury in mice were investigated. Methods: Ischemic brain injury was induced in the mice by transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (tMCAO) for 120 min, and the effect of AGmex on the amount of infarction was measured. Cresyl violet and hematoxylin and eosin stains were used to identify changes in the neurons, nuclei, and cytoplasm. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining were used to elucidate the neuroprotective mechanism of AGmex. Results: AGmex effectively reduced the infarction volume when the mice were pre-treated at 1,000 mg/kg bw/day for two consecutive days (AGmex 1000 group). Neurons, nuclei, and cytoplasmic staining were the lowest in the MCAO group, but recovered in the AGmex 1000 group. In addition, proteins related to cell growth, differentiation, and death were up-regulated in the AGmex 1000 group. Conclusion: The major recovery mechanisms appeared to be attenuation of the mitochondrial function of Bcl-2/Bax, and activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways in ischemic neurons.
Preoperative serum sodium level as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for adjuvant therapy in esophageal cancer
Authors: Wang Qifeng , Peng Lin , Han Yongtao , Li Tao , Dai Wei , Wang Yi , Wu Lei , Wei Yang , Xie Tianpeng , Fang Qiang , Li Qiang , Lang Jinyi , Cao Bangrong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Low serum sodium has been associated with unfavorable outcome in several cancers. The prognostic value of serum sodium in esophageal carcinoma (EC) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate preoperative serum sodium in association with outcome and survival benefit of adjuvant therapy for patients with EC. Methods: Preoperative serum sodium and clinicopathological indexes were retrospectively collected from 2155 patients who underwent esophagectomy at Sichuan cancer hospital. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed by using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression. Benefit of adjuvant therapy was estimated by using Propensity Score Matching. Results: The incidence of hyponatremia and hypernatremia were 2% (43/2155) and 3.5% (76/2155) in treatment-naive patients. Both sodium disorders indicated unfavorable OS (hyponatremia, adjusted HR[95%CI] = 1.78[1.2-2.62]; hypernatremia, adjusted HR = 1.52[1.1-2.11]) and DFS (hyponatremia, adjusted HR[95%CI] = 1.52[1.03-2.23]; hypernatremia, adjusted HR = 1.45[1.06-1.99]). Decreased sodium concentrations within the normal range were associated with poor OS and DFS. Postoperative adjuvant therapy was associated with improved three-year OS (56.6% vs. 40%; adjusted HR = 0.55 [95%CI, 0.41-0.73]) and DFS (51.9% vs. 36.2%; adjusted HR = 0.63 [95%CI, 0.48-0.83]) versus surgery alone in patients with low serum sodium (Na < 139.6 mmol/L), but not in other sodium subgroups. Meanwhile, serum sodium was inversely correlated with cell counts of leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes and C-reaction protein levels. Conclusions: These results suggested that low preoperative serum sodium is associated with poor outcome in EC patients, and may predict survival benefit of adjuvant therapy.
Coevolution of Coronavirus and Paramyxovirus with Their Bat Hosts in the Same Geographical Areas
Authors: Liang Jie , Zhu Chunchao , Zhang Libiao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Bat-borne viruses are relatively host specific. In this study, coevolution analyses were conducted on coronaviruses and paramyxoviruses and their bat hosts to investigate the potential mechanisms of such host specificity. The published nucleotide sequences of the RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene of 60 coronaviruses from 37 bat species and those of the RNA polymerase large (L) gene of 36 paramyxoviruses from 29 bat species were analyzed. Each of the coevolution signal detected was tested and verified by the ParaFit and PACo functions of the R program. Significant coevolution signals were detected in coronaviruses and paramyxoviruses and their bat hosts, and closely related bat hosts were found to carry viruses that are closely related. Results also suggest that similar geographical distribution and close phylogenetic relationship may have resulted in infection of different bat species by the same strain of virus. As the natural hosts of certain viruses were mostly found in their endemic and surrounding areas, we speculate that the ancestors of bat hosts of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (MERS-CoVs) may belong to the family of Vespertilionidae and are evolutionarily close to Neoromicia capensis and Pipistrellus hesperidus bats that are present in Africa and west Asia. In addition, we speculate that bat coronaviruses that are closely related to the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) may be found in bats related to Rhinolophus affinis. Although the coevolution between viruses and bat host is not surprised, this is the first systematical summary elucidating the relationship between coronaviruses, paramyxoviruses, host and geographical areas. It provides a theoretical basis for the viruses trace.Significance Bat-borne coronaviruses and paramyxoviruses have caused a number of outbreaks worldwide, posing a great threat to the safety of human life and property. It is important to understand the bats-viruses evolutionary history and rules for the viruse tracing. In our long-term surveillance of bat viruses, we found that they are family, genus or species-specific. In this study, we are committed to show this phenomena through co-phylogenetic analysis. Host distribution were taken into account as an important analytical factor in this study. Our resualts suggest that similar hosts carry similar viruses, similar distribution area may facilitate inter-species transmission of bat viruses, and several endemic area were overlap with the natural host distribution. This study is of great significance for further study of bats-viruses evolutionary history and enhanced our awareness of virus prevention and control.# J. Liang and C. Zhu contributed equally to this study.
Molecular epidemiology of Aleutian mink disease virus from fecal swab of mink in northeast China
Authors: Tong Mingwei , Sun Na , Cao Zhigang , Cheng Yuening , Zhang Miao , Cheng Shipeng , Yi Li 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (AMDV) causes Aleutian mink disease (AMD), which is a serious infectious disease of mink. The aim of this study was to get a better understanding of the molecular epidemiology of AMDV in northeast China to control and prevent AMD from further spreading. This study for the first time isolated AMDV from fecal swab samples of mink in China. Results: A total of 157/291 (54.0%) of the fecal swab samples were positive for AMDV. Of these, 23 AMDV positive samples were randomly selected for sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis based on the acquired partial fragments of VP2 gene with the hypervariable region. Comparative DNA sequence analysis of 23 AMDV isolates with a reference nonpathogenic (AMDV-G) strain revealed 8.3% difference in partial VP2 nucleotide sequences. Amino acid alignment indicated the presence of several genetic variants, as well as one single amino acid residue deletion . The most concentrated area of variation was located in the hypervariable region of VP2 protein. According to phylogenetic analysis, the Chinese AMDV strains and the other 14 reference AMDV strains from different countries clustered into three groups (clades A, B and C). Most of the newly sequenced strains were found to form a Chinese-specific group, which solely consisted of Chinese AMDV strains. Conclusion: These findings indicated that a high genetic diversity was found in Chinese AMDV strains and the virus distribution were not dependent on geographical origin. Both local and imported AMDV positive species were prevalent in the Chinese mink farming population. The genetic evidence of AMDV variety and epidemic isolates have importance in mink farming practice.