bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Picosecond‐Domain Fractional Laser Treatment Over Hyaluronic Acid Fillers: In Vivo and Clinical Studies
Authors: Kim Jung E. , Hong Jeong Y. , Lee Ho J. , Lee Sung Y. , Kim Hyun J. 
Published: April 2020

Background and ObjectivesCombined sequential treatments with multiple modalities such as lasers and soft‐tissue fillers are commonly required for the treatment of atrophic acne scars. Recently, fractional treatment with picosecond‐domain lasers has proven to be effective for skin rejuvenation and scar treatment. However, little is known about the effects of picosecond‐domain fractional laser treatment over hyaluronic acid fillers (HAFs). We aimed to evaluate the in vivo tissue responses to 1064 nm picosecond‐domain fractional neodymium:yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet (Nd:YAG) laser treatments using microlens array (MLA) applied over pre‐injected HAF in rats. In addition, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of this combined same‐day treatment for atrophic acne scars in patients.Study Design/Materials and MethodsSprague–Dawley rats were subjected to 1064 nm picosecond‐domain fractional Nd:YAG laser treatment immediately after HAF dermal injection. Skin specimens were histologically evaluated on days 0, 7, and 21. In a clinical study, 36 patients with acne scars were treated concurrently with 1064 nm MLA‐type picosecond lasers and HAFs. The patients were scheduled to receive two consecutive treatments at 4‐week intervals, with a follow‐up visit at 12 weeks after the final treatment. Acne scar photographs were graded using the Goodman and Baron's qualitative and quantitative scales at baseline and 12 weeks post‐procedure.ResultsPicosecond‐domain fractional laser treatment immediately after the dermal injection of HAF into rats did not cause any histological changes in the filler or surrounding skin. In a clinical study, treated subjects (n = 36) achieved significant improvement in acne scars and patient satisfaction. No serious adverse events were observed.ConclusionsCombined picosecond laser and HAF treatment were proven to be safe and effective based on in vivo and clinical study results. Facial rejuvenation and scar treatment using a picosecond‐domain fractional laser may be performed immediately after HAF injection. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Similar or contrastive? Impact of product–background color combination on consumers' product evaluations
Authors: Huang Jing , Wang Zhengrong , Liu Hongliang , Yu Liqin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBased on arousal theory, this study explores the impact of product–background color combination on consumers' product evaluations through four empirical analysis. As predicted, the interaction of product–background color combinations and product types has a significant influence on consumers' product evaluations. For functional products, the product–background similar color combination can cause consumers' higher product evaluations. However, for sensory‐social products, the product–background contrastive color combination can cause consumers' higher product evaluations. Moreover, the arousal level mediates the interaction effect of product–background color combinations and product types on consumers' evaluations. This research also demonstrates that only when the product color matches product type, the interaction of product–background color combinations and product types can improve consumers' product evaluations through increasing (decreasing) the arousal level, however, the interaction effect is no longer significant when the matching degree of product color and product type is low. We contribute to the visual marketing research by providing new insights and useful implications for using color clues to present products in marketing practice.
Ooh, that's sour: An investigation of the role of sour taste and color saturation in consumer temptation avoidance
Authors: Pomirleanu Nadia , Gustafson Brandon M. , Bi Sheng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper draws on the theory of embodied cognition to argue that sensory imagery and consumer recall of past experiences of sour tastes inspire sour taste perceptions that trigger facial muscle activation, which in turn leads to temptation avoidance. Across four experiments, we show that physical action need not be performed to elicit temptation avoidance. Moreover, our findings show that the effects of visual gustatory imagery are more pronounced when presented against a visual red background low on color saturation. Interestingly, they are not significant in the presence of a high color saturation background. We also discuss the implications of these findings for sensory marketing, alternative consumer strategies to avoid temptation, and visual brand management in the consumer experience economy.
Effects of Dapagliflozin on Epicardial Fat Thickness in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity
Authors: Iacobellis Gianluca , Gra‐Menendez Silvia 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveEpicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness is a marker of visceral fat and an emerging therapeutic target. Dapagliflozin, a selective sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, improves glucose control and induces moderate weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Dapagliflozin has recently been shown to reduce cardiovascular risk. Nevertheless, whether dapagliflozin could reduce EAT thickness is unknown.MethodsThis hypothesis was tested in a 24‐week, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial in 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2 and a hemoglobin A1c level ≤ 8% on metformin monotherapy. Individuals were randomly assigned to 2 groups to receive additional dapagliflozin up to 10 mg once daily or to remain on metformin up to 1,000 mg twice daily. Ultrasound‐measured EAT thickness was measured at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks.ResultsIn the dapagliflozin group, EAT decreased by 20% from baseline to 24 weeks, by 15% after 12 weeks, and by 7% between 12 and 24 weeks, respectively (P < 0.01 for all), whereas in the metformin group, there was a significant but smaller EAT reduction. There was no statistically significant correlation between EAT and body weight changes.ConclusionsDapagliflozin causes a rapid and significant EAT reduction that could be independent of weight loss.
Use of virtual reality for epidural placement in an adolescent with ischemic priapism
Authors: Bebic Zvonimir , Thomas James Joseph 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn children with chronic pain conditions, the acute pain and anxiety induced by routine procedures such as dressing changes, phlebotomy, and lumbar punctures may be amplified compared to that experienced by healthy children. However, sedatives and opiates may be contraindicated if respiratory depression is a concern. In this case report, we describe a 17‐year‐old male with ischemic priapism secondary to sickle cell disease in whom we used virtual reality immersion as a distraction method during epidural catheter placement. No sedation or analgesia was needed, and the patient reported no pain or distress.
15‐Year trends in respiratory care of extremely preterm infants: Contributing factors and consequences on health and growth during hospitalization
Authors: Habas Flora , Durand Sabine , Milési Christophe , Mesnage Renaud , Combes Clémentine , Gavotto Arthur , Picaud Jean‐Charles , Cambonie Gilles 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo review 15‐year trends in respiratory care of extremely preterm infants managed in a tertiary perinatal center; to identify the factors contributing to their evolution; and to determine whether these changes had an impact on infant mortality, severe morbidity, and growth.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of infants born at 23 to 26 weeks’ gestation between 2003 and 2017. Changes in respiratory care were assessed in three 5‐year periods. Logistic regression was used to examine the factors associated with prolonged duration (ie, greater than the median) of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), noninvasive ventilation (NIV), and overall respiratory support (ORS), and those associated with adequate weight and head circumference growth.ResultsOf the 396 actively treated neonates, 268 (68%) survived to discharge. Between the first and third periods, IMV duration decreased from 22 (6‐37) to 4 (1‐14.0) days (P < .001), that of NIV increased from 24 (14‐34) to 56 (44‐66) days (P < .001), and that of ORS from 50 (34‐68) to 63 (52‐77) days (P < .001). Study period (2003‐2007 vs 2013‐2017) was the main factor associated with prolonged IMV (P < .001). Use of high‐flow nasal cannula was the main factor associated with prolonged NIV (P = .02) and ORS (P = .02). NIV duration was associated with adequate postnatal weight (P = .003) and head circumference (P = .03) growth. Severe morbidities in survivors, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and survival at hospital discharge were comparable across the study periods.ConclusionsRespiratory management was characterized by a marked reduction in IMV. NIV withdrawal protocols are necessary to limit ORS duration while respecting postnatal growth requirements.
Multifunctional MoS2 Transistors with Electrolyte Gel Gating
Authors: Wu Binmin , Wang Xudong , Tang Hongwei , Jiang Wei , Chen Yan , Wang Zhen , Cui Zhuangzhuang , Lin Tie , Shen Hong , Hu Weida , Meng Xiangjian , Bao Wenzhong , Wang Jianlu , Chu Junhao 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMoS2, one of the most valued 2D materials beyond graphene, shows potential for future applications in postsilicon digital electronics and optoelectronics. However, achieving hole transport in MoS2, which is dominated by electron transport, is always a challenge. Here, MoS2 transistors gated by electrolyte gel exhibit the characteristics of hole and electron transport, a high on/off ratio over 105, and a low subthreshold swing below 50 mV per decade. Due to the electrolyte gel, the density of electrons and holes in the MoS2 channel reaches ≈9 × 1013 and 8.85 × 1013 cm−2, respectively. The electrolyte gel‐assisted MoS2 phototransistor exhibits adjustable positive and negative photoconductive effects. Additionally, the MoS2 p–n homojunction diode affected by electrolyte gel shows high performance and a rectification ratio over 107. These results demonstrate that modifying the conductance of MoS2 through electrolyte gel has great potential in highly integrated electronics and optoelectronic photodetectors.
Evaluating the Use of Drones Equipped with Thermal Sensors as an Effective Method for Estimating Wildlife
Authors: Beaver Jared T. , Baldwin Robert W. , Messinger Max , Newbolt Chad H. , Ditchkoff Stephen S. , Silman Miles R. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTDrones equipped with thermal sensors have shown ability to overcome some of the limitations often associated with traditional human‐occupied aerial surveys (e.g., low detection, high operational cost, human safety risk). However, their accuracy and reliability as a valid population technique have not been adequately tested. We tested the effectiveness of using a miniaturized thermal sensor equipped to a drone (thermal drone) for surveying white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations using a captive deer population with a highly constrained (hereafter, known) abundance (151–163 deer, midpoint 157 [87–94 deer/km2, midpoint 90 deer/km2]) at Auburn University's deer research facility, Alabama, USA, 16–17 March 2017. We flew 3 flights beginning 30 minutes prior to sunrise and sunset (1 morning and 2 evening) consisting of 15 nonoverlapping parallel transects (18.8 km) using a small fixed‐wing aircraft equipped with a nonradiometric thermal infrared imager. Deer were identified by 2 separate observers by their contrast against background thermal radiation and body shape. Our average thermal drone density estimate (69.8 deer/km2, 95% CI = 52.2–87.6), was 78% of the mean known value of 90.2 deer/km2, exceeding most sighting probabilities observed with thermal surveys conducted using human‐occupied aircraft. Thermal contrast between animals and background was improved during evening flights and our drone‐based density estimate (82.7 deer/km2) was 92% of the mean known value. This indicates that time of flight, in conjunction with local vegetation types, determines thermal contrast and influences ability to distinguish deer. The method provides the ability to perform accurate and reliable population surveys in a safe and cost‐effective manner compared with traditional aerial surveys and is only expected to continue to improve as sensor technology and machine learning analytics continue to advance. Furthermore, the precise replicability of autonomous flights at future dates results in methodology with superior spatial precision that increases statistical power to detect population trends across surveys. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
The technique of high‐pressure powder pressing with polyester film covering for XRF of geochemical samples
Authors: Li Xiaoli , Yu Zhaoshui , Xu Jinli , Pan Yanshan , Bo Wei , Liu Bin , Zhang Pengpeng , Bai Jinfeng , Zhang Qin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe method of determination of major (Si, Al, Fe, Mg, Ca, Na, K, Mn, P, Ti) and trace elements (As, Ba, Br, Ce, Cl, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Ga, Nb, Sr, La, Ni, Pb, Rb, S, U, Th, V, Y, Zn, Zr) in geochemical samples by wavelength dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectrometer with a new sample preparation technique‐high pressure pressed pellet and covered with a 3.6 μm polyester film is proposed. The pellet was pressed at 2,000 kN, which was particularly meaningful for the sample with high silicon content and ideal pellet was formed without binder. Coating with a polyester film prevented the variation of chlorine content after multiple analyses of the same pellet, which was caused by the vacuum and long‐time irradiation. And 62 rock, soil and sediment reference materials were applied to create calibration curves. The accuracy of the method was evaluated with another eight certified reference materials that were not used in the regression curve. In most cases, the relative error between the certified value and the calculated value was <10% for major elements and <25% for trace elements, except for those approaching the limit of detection. The limit of detection obtained using this pellet preparation technology is suitable for geochemical analyses.
The Prokaryotic Species Concept and Challenges
Authors: Bobay Louis-Marie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Species constitute the fundamental units of taxonomy and an ideal species definition would embody groups of genetically cohesive organisms reflecting their shared history, traits, and ecology. In contrast to animals and plants, where genetic cohesion can essentially be characterized by sexual compatibility and population structure, building a biologically relevant species definition remains a challenging endeavor in prokaryotes. Indeed, the structure, ecology, and dynamics of microbial populations are still largely enigmatic, and many aspects of prokaryotic genomics deviate from sexual organisms. In this chapter, I present the main concepts and operational definitions commonly used to designate microbial species. I further emphasize how these different concepts accommodate the idiosyncrasies of prokaryotic genomics, in particular, the existence of a core- and a pangenome. Although prokaryote genomics is undoubtedly different from animals and plants, there is growing evidence that gene flow—similar to sexual reproduction—plays a significant role in shaping the genomic cohesiveness of microbial populations, suggesting that, to some extent, a species definition based on the Biological Species Concept is applicable to prokaryotes. Building a satisfying species definition remains to be accomplished, but the integration of genomic data, ecology, and bioinformatics tools has expanded our comprehension of prokaryotic populations and their dynamics.
Bacterial Microevolution and the Pangenome
Authors: Lassalle Florent , Didelot Xavier 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe comparison of multiple genome sequences sampled from a bacterial population reveals considerable diversity in both the core and the accessory parts of the pangenome. This diversity can be analysed in terms of microevolutionary events that took place since the genomes shared a common ancestor, especially deletion, duplication, and recombination. We review the basic modelling ingredients used implicitly or explicitly when performing such a pangenome analysis. In particular, we describe a basic neutral phylogenetic framework of bacterial pangenome microevolution, which is not incompatible with evaluating the role of natural selection. We survey the different ways in which pangenome data is summarised in order to be included in microevolutionary models, as well as the main methodological approaches that have been proposed to reconstruct pangenome microevolutionary history.
Meta-Pangenome: At the Crossroad of Pangenomics and Metagenomics
Authors: Ma Bing , France Michael , Ravel Jacques 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWith the recent technological advancement in cultivation-independent high-throughput sequencing, metagenomes have tremendously improved our ability to characterize the genomic contents of the whole microbial communities. In this chapter, we argue the notion of pangenome can be applied beyond the available genome sequences by leveraging metagenome-assembled genomes, to form a comprehensive representation of the genetic content of a taxonomic group in a particular environment. We present the concept of the meta-pangenome, a representation of the totality of genes belonging to a species identified in multiple metagenomic samplings of a particular habitat. As an essential component in genome-centric pangenome analyses, we emphasize the importance to perform stringent quality assessment and validation to ensure the high quality of metagenomic deconvoluted genomes. This expansion from the traditional pangenome concept to the meta-pangenome overcomes many of the biases associated with whole-genome sequencing, and addresses the in vivo ecological context to further develop a systems-level understanding of microbial ecosystems.
Digitale Interventionen in Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung: Welche Form der Evidenz haben wir und welche wird benötigt?
Authors: Fischer Florian 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungDigitale Technologien sind in nahezu alle Lebensbereiche diffundiert und somit zu einem ständigen Begleiter unseres Alltags geworden. Digitalen Interventionen werden auch Potenziale in der Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung zugeschrieben. Bislang mangelt es aber an fundierten Belegen zur Wirksamkeit entsprechender Maßnahmen. In diesem Beitrag sollen die Herausforderungen der Evidenzbasierung von digitalen Interventionen in der Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung aufgezeigt werden. Die Ergebnisse werden in Form eines narrativen Übersichtsbeitrags zusammengefasst.Bislang wurden Methoden der evidenzbasierten Medizin bei der Bewertung des Nutzens und Schadens im Bereich von Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung nicht oder nur bedingt eingesetzt. Gründe dafür liegen in der Komplexität entsprechender Maßnahmen. Diese Komplexität wird bei digitalen Interventionen nochmals erhöht. Dennoch wird dringend angeraten, einen stärkeren Fokus auf die Evidenzbasierung zu legen, um aussagekräftige und nachvollziehbare Bewertungsverfahren hinsichtlich der Wirksamkeit digitaler Interventionen in Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung zu ermöglichen.Die Digitalisierung führt zu neuen Anforderungen an Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung. Es bedarf einer kritischen Perspektive auf die tatsächlichen Wirkpotenziale digitaler Interventionen sowie deren gesellschaftliche Implikationen. Der Aufbau einer soliden Wissensbasis ist notwendig, um Akzeptanz gegenüber den Technologien zu fördern und eine nachhaltige Etablierung zu erreichen.
Rewiring of glucose metabolism defines trained immunity induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein
Authors: Keating Samuel T. , Groh Laszlo , Thiem Kathrin , Bekkering Siroon , Li Yang , Matzaraki Vasiliki , van der Heijden Charlotte D. C. C. , van Puffelen Jelmer H. , Lachmandas Ekta , Jansen Trees , Oosting Marije , de Bree L. Charlotte J. , Koeken Valerie A. C. M. , Moorlag Simone J. C. F. M. , Mourits Vera P. , van Diepen Janna , Strienstra Rinke , Novakovic Boris , Stunnenberg Hendrik G. , van Crevel Reinout , Joosten Leo A. B. , Netea Mihai G. , Riksen Niels P. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Stimulation of monocytes with microbial and non-microbial products, including oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), induces a protracted pro-inflammatory, atherogenic phenotype sustained by metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming via a process called trained immunity. We investigated the intracellular metabolic mechanisms driving oxLDL-induced trained immunity in human primary monocytes and observed concomitant upregulation of glycolytic activity and oxygen consumption. In two separate cohorts of healthy volunteers, we assessed the impact of genetic variation in glycolytic genes on the training capacity of monocytes and found that variants mapped to glycolytic enzymes PFKFB3 and PFKP influenced trained immunity by oxLDL. Subsequent functional validation with inhibitors of glycolytic metabolism revealed dose-dependent inhibition of trained immunity in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo administration of the glucose metabolism modulator metformin abrogated the ability for human monocytes to mount a trained response to oxLDL. These findings underscore the importance of cellular metabolism for oxLDL-induced trained immunity and highlight potential immunomodulatory strategies for clinical management of atherosclerosis.

Key messages

Brief stimulation of monocytes to oxLDL induces a prolonged inflammatory phenotype.

This is due to upregulation of glycolytic metabolism.

Genetic variation in glycolytic genes modulates oxLDL-induced trained immunity.

Pharmacological inhibition of glycolysis prevents trained immunity.
“Blessed by the algorithm”: Theistic conceptions of artificial intelligence in online discourse
Authors: Singler Beth 
Published: April 2020

Abstract“My first long haul flight that didn’t fill up and an empty row for me. I have been blessed by the algorithm ”.The phrase ‘blessed by the algorithm’ expresses the feeling of having been fortunate in what appears on your feed on various social media platforms, or in the success or virality of your content as a creator, or in what gig economy jobs you are offered. However, we can also place it within wider public discourse employing theistic conceptions of AI. Building on anthropological fieldwork into the ‘entanglements of AI and Religion’ (Singler 2017a), this article will explore how ‘blessed by the algorithm’ tweets are indicative of the impact of theistic AI narratives: modes of thinking about AI in an implicitly religious way. This thinking also represents continuities that push back against the secularisation thesis and other grand narratives of disenchantment that claim secularity occurs because of technological and intellectual progress. This article will also explore new religious movements, where theistic conceptions of AI entangle technological aspirations with religious ones.