bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sturing op toeristische gentrificatie in stadscentra
Authors: van Zoest Simon , Verheul Wouter Jan 
Published: June 2020

Steering tourism gentrification in the urban centre: lessons from the city streets of Amsterdam
The extensive growth of urban tourism has influenced the living environment of urban citizens worldwide, which is among others due to changes in the range of commercial amenities. As a manifestation of this development, the existing supply of retail and hospitality services gradually changes from a focus on inhabitants to the tourist. As a result, the call for municipal intervention grows. However, little is known about the steerability of this development. In this article we therefore asses how tourism affects the range of commercial amenities in city streets, and what local policy responses are most suitable. The research builds on the concepts of tourism gentrification and different types of ‘policy-instrument fit’. Our case study of the city centre of Amsterdam, including a media and policy document analysis, as well as in-depth interviews with stakeholders, show that some problems caused by mass tourism require ‘hard’ forms of government control, while others require a ‘softer’ process approach, linking local parties to jointly improve a city street. The presented steering perspectives are not only relevant for the city of Amsterdam, but also for many other towns within, and beyond, the Netherlands, that have been struggling with the growth of tourism. The open attitude towards urban mass tourism has come up for discussion and urban (tourism) policy calls for reconsideration.
Een inhoudelijk kompas voor een uit koers geraakte voorlopigehechtenispraktijk
Authors: Hajjari N. 
Published: June 2020

Een inhoudelijk kompas voor een uit koers geraakte voorlopigehechtenispraktijk
In dit artikel zal een inhoudelijk en operationeel normatief kader worden geformuleerd voor de toepassing van voorlopige hechtenis, waarbij de focus ligt op het zo veel mogelijk reduceren van het percentage onschuldigen dat aan het vrijheidsbenemende dwangmiddel wordt blootgesteld. Doel van de bijdrage is het inspireren van de wetgever om het moderniseringsproject te baat te nemen om de voorlopigehechtenisregeling grondig(er) te hervormen.
Facial expression monitoring system for predicting patient’s sudden movement during radiotherapy using deep learning
Authors: Kim Kwang Hyeon , Park Kyeongyun , Kim Haksoo , Jo Byungdu , Ahn Sang Hee , Kim Chankyu , Kim Myeongsoo , Kim Tae Ho , Lee Se Byeong , Shin Dongho , Lim Young Kyung , Jeong Jong Hwi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurposeImaging, breath‐holding/gating, and fixation devices have been developed to minimize setup errors so that the prescribed dose can be exactly delivered to the target volume in radiotherapy. Despite these efforts, additional patient monitoring devices have been installed in the treatment room to view patients’ whole‐body movement. We developed a facial expression recognition system using deep learning with a convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict patients’ advanced movement, enhancing the stability of the radiation treatment by giving warning signs to radiation therapists.Materials and methodsConvolutional neural network model and extended Cohn‐Kanade datasets with 447 facial expressions of source images for training were used. Additionally, a user interface that can be used in the treatment control room was developed to monitor real‐time patient's facial expression in the treatment room, and the entire system was constructed by installing a camera in the treatment room. To predict the possibility of patients' sudden movement, we categorized facial expressions into two groups: (a) uncomfortable expressions and (b) comfortable expressions. We assumed that the warning sign about the sudden movement was given when the uncomfortable expression was recognized.ResultsWe have constructed the facial expression monitoring system, and the training and test accuracy were 100% and 85.6%, respectively. In 10 patients, their emotions were recognized based on their comfortable and uncomfortable expressions with 100% detection rate. The detected various emotions were represented by a heatmap and motion prediction accuracy was analyzed for each patient.ConclusionWe developed a system that monitors the patient's facial expressions and predicts patient's advanced movement during the treatment. It was confirmed that our patient monitoring system can be complementarily used with the existing monitoring system. This system will help in maintaining the initial setup and improving the accuracy of radiotherapy for the patients using deep learning in radiotherapy.
The impact of evidence lineups on fingerprint expert decisions
Authors: Kukucka Jeff , Dror Itiel E. , Yu Melissa , Hall Lisa , Morgan Ruth M. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryForensic examiners routinely compare a crime‐relevant mark of unknown origin against a single suspect's sample, which may create an expectation that the two will match. We tested how embedding the suspect's sample among known‐innocent fillers (i.e., an evidence lineup) affects expert decision‐making. Experienced fingerprint examiners (N = 43) compared crime‐relevant marks against either individual suspect fingerprints (i.e., the standard procedure) or arrays of fingerprints (i.e., evidence lineups), with a matching fingerprint either present or absent. Evidence lineups promoted conservative decision‐making, as evidenced by fewer correct IDs and a higher rate of inconclusive judgments. Though errors were rare, evidence lineups also occasionally revealed errors that would have otherwise gone undetected. Our findings thus support arguments that evidence lineups can expose fraud, identify flawed methodologies, and curb overconfidence. The potential benefits and challenges of implementing evidence lineups in forensic laboratories are discussed.
Example‐based learning: New theoretical perspectives and use‐inspired advances to a contemporary instructional approach
Authors: Hoogerheide Vincent , Roelle Julian 
Published: June 2020

SummaryDecades of research has shown that example‐based learning is an effective instructional strategy for learning new skills. The field of learning from examples is seeing a shift in focus towards more innovative and use‐inspired research, in part because the use of examples for informal and formal learning purposes has mushroomed. This special issue comprises a set of eight papers in which students learned a procedural skill from worked examples or modeling examples. Each study characterizes a recent development towards more innovative example‐based learning research. These developments are: (a) the integration of social‐cognitive and cognitive example research, (b) the integration of example‐based learning and analogical reasoning research, (c) the extension of traditional Cognitive Load Theory effects, (d) a greater focus on learning from (productive) errors, and (e) more research on individual differences. This special issue concludes with insightful commentary articles written by Prof. Dr. Katharina Scheiter and Prof. Dr. Richard Mayer.
Polarization‐Independent Indium Phosphide Nanowire Photodetectors
Authors: Luo Ming‐Cheng , Ren Fang‐Fang , Gagrani Nikita , Qiu Kai , Wang Qianjin , Yu Le , Ye Jiandong , Yan Feng , Zhang Rong , Tan Hark Hoe , Jagadish Chennupati , Ji Xiaoli 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlthough semiconductor nanowire (NW) photodetectors are promising building blocks for nanoscale on‐chip optoelectronic integration applications, poor absorption, and strong light polarization dependence due to their inherent anisotropic geometry remain an issue. Here, a polarization‐insensitive photodetector is designed and experimentally demonstrated, which consists of an InP NW embedded in a dual‐split bull's eye (DSBE) plasmonic antenna. The resultant photodetector exhibits a low noise equivalent power of 0.97 pW and a photoresponsivity of 0.96 A W‐1 at 740 nm with an external quantum efficiency of 163%. Importantly, the device exhibits an ultralow polarization dependence characteristic with a polarization degree significantly reduced from 91% down to 6%. The improved performance stems from the intrinsic symmetry of the orthogonal DSBE and the strong surface plasmon coupling, which significantly boosts the optical concentration abilities at all polarization angles as compared to the bare NW photodetector. This NW photodetector‐antenna design provides a pathway for the development of high‐performance nanoscale photodetectors for applications in advanced sensing, imaging, and quantum communications.
Machine Learning Glove Using Self‐Powered Conductive Superhydrophobic Triboelectric Textile for Gesture Recognition in VR/AR Applications
Authors: Wen Feng , Sun Zhongda , He Tianyiyi , Shi Qiongfeng , Zhu Minglu , Zhang Zixuan , Li Lianhui , Zhang Ting , Lee Chengkuo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe rapid progress of Internet of things (IoT) technology raises an imperative demand on human machine interfaces (HMIs) which provide a critical linkage between human and machines. Using a glove as an intuitive and low‐cost HMI can expediently track the motions of human fingers, resulting in a straightforward communication media of human–machine interactions. When combining several triboelectric textile sensors and proper machine learning technique, it has great potential to realize complex gesture recognition with the minimalist‐designed glove for the comprehensive control in both real and virtual space. However, humidity or sweat may negatively affect the triboelectric output as well as the textile itself. Hence, in this work, a facile carbon nanotubes/thermoplastic elastomer (CNTs/TPE) coating approach is investigated in detail to achieve superhydrophobicity of the triboelectric textile for performance improvement. With great energy harvesting and human motion sensing capabilities, the glove using the superhydrophobic textile realizes a low‐cost and self‐powered interface for gesture recognition. By leveraging machine learning technology, various gesture recognition tasks are done in real time by using gestures to achieve highly accurate virtual reality/augmented reality (VR/AR) controls including gun shooting, baseball pitching, and flower arrangement, with minimized effect from sweat during operation.
A new analytical modeling for the determination of thermodynamic quantities of refrigerants
Authors: Ghandili Ali , Moeini Vahid 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA new analytical fundamental equation of state (EOS) is presented for fluids. The equation is explicit in the effective molecular potentials and allows calculation of all thermodynamic properties over the whole fluid surface (gas, liquid, supercritical and gas–liquid phase transition). Outside the critical area (± 0.05Tc), it is valid in a vast range of temperature and pressure (0.8Tc to 7.5Tc and up to 120Pc,). The EOS is applicable for a variety of refrigerants such as C3H2F4 (HFO‐1234ze (E)), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) including C3F8 (R218), C3H2F6 (R236ea), C3H2F6 (R236fa), C3H3F5 (R245ca), C3HF7, C4F8 (RC318), C4F10, C5F12, natural refrigerants including NH3, CO2, hydrocarbons, monatomic gases and some other fluids. Calculations of second derivatives properties of fluids are sensitive tests of EOS behavior. Therefore, estimation of the thermodynamic properties including Joule‐Thomson coefficient, μJT, and speed of sound, w, has been considered.
Associations between a safety prequalification survey and worker safety experiences on commercial construction sites
Authors: Dennerlein Jack T. , Weinstein Daniel , Huynh Whitney , Tessler Jamie , Bigger Lauren , Murphy Lauren , Manjourides Justin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhile assessment of subcontractors' safety performance during project bidding processes are common in commercial construction, the validation of organizational surveys used in these processes is largely absent.MethodsAs part of a larger research project called Assessment of Contractor Safety (ACES), we designed and tested through a cross‐sectional study, a 63‐item organizational survey assessing subcontractors' leading indicators of safety performance. We administered the ACES Survey to 43 subcontractors on 24 construction sites. Concurrently, we captured the safety climate of 1426 workers on these sites through worker surveys, as well as injury rates, for the duration of the project.ResultsAt the worksite level, higher average ACES scores were associated with higher worker safety climate scores (P < .01) and lower rates of injury involving days away (P < .001). Within subcontracting companies, no associations were observed between ACES and worker safety climate scores and injuries.ConclusionsThese results suggest the overall and collective importance of the construction project and its worksite in mediating worker experiences, perhaps somewhat independent of the individual subcontractor level.
Early learning in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus): Behavior in the family group is related to preadolescent cognitive performance
Authors: Ash Hayley , Ziegler Toni E. , Colman Ricki J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEarly environment can have a major impact on development, with family life known to play an important role. Longitudinal studies can therefore help increase our understanding of variance in cognitive abilities in young animals, as well as over time. We followed 22 marmosets (11 male and 11 female) from infancy through to early adolescence. At 3 months old, the marmosets were trained to reliably touch a rewarded stimulus. At 5 months, behavior was observed within the natal group. At 9 months, the marmosets were given a visual discrimination task to assess learning ability. Mann–Whitney U tests found no sex or family size differences in number of errors at 3 or 9 months. While no significant relationships were found between behavior in the family and learning at 3 months, significant negative correlations were found between duration spent in locomotion and learning errors (p = .05), as well as between frequency of calm vocalizations and learning errors (p = .001) at 9 months. A U‐shape curve was found between amount of social play and learning at 9 months. Positive family interactions, including moderate amounts of play, as well as calm individual behavior, may therefore be important in learning. This study sheds light on cognitive development in much younger marmosets than previously studied, and helps increase understanding of how individual differences in learning may arise.
SCN3A‐Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder: A Spectrum of Epilepsy and Brain Malformation
Authors: Zaman Tariq , Helbig Katherine L. , Clatot Jérôme , Thompson Christopher H. , Kang Seok Kyu , Stouffs Katrien , Jansen Anna E. , Verstraete Lieve , Jacquinet Adeline , Parrini Elena , Guerrini Renzo , Fujiwara Yuh , Miyatake Satoko , Ben‐Zeev Bruria , Bassan Haim , Reish Orit , Marom Daphna , Hauser Natalie , Vu Thuy‐Anh , Ackermann Sally , Spencer Careni E. , Lippa Natalie , Srinivasan Shraddha , Charzewska Agnieszka , Hoffman‐Zacharska Dorota , Fitzpatrick David , Harrison Victoria , Vasudevan Pradeep , Joss Shelagh , Pilz Daniela T. , Fawcett Katherine A. , Helbig Ingo , Matsumoto Naomichi , Kearney Jennifer A. , Fry Andrew E. , Goldberg Ethan M. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivePathogenic variants in SCN3A, encoding the voltage‐gated sodium channel subunit Nav1.3, cause severe childhood onset epilepsy and malformation of cortical development. Here, we define the spectrum of clinical, genetic, and neuroimaging features of SCN3A‐related neurodevelopmental disorder.MethodsPatients were ascertained via an international collaborative network. We compared sodium channels containing wild‐type versus variant Nav1.3 subunits coexpressed with β1 and β2 subunits using whole‐cell voltage clamp electrophysiological recordings in a heterologous mammalian system (HEK‐293T cells).ResultsOf 22 patients with pathogenic SCN3A variants, most had treatment‐resistant epilepsy beginning in the first year of life (16/21, 76%; median onset, 2 weeks), with severe or profound developmental delay (15/20, 75%). Many, but not all (15/19, 79%), exhibited malformations of cortical development. Pathogenic variants clustered in transmembrane segments 4 to 6 of domains II to IV. Most pathogenic missense variants tested (10/11, 91%) displayed gain of channel function, with increased persistent current and/or a leftward shift in the voltage dependence of activation, and all variants associated with malformation of cortical development exhibited gain of channel function. One variant (p.Ile1468Arg) exhibited mixed effects, with gain and partial loss of function. Two variants demonstrated loss of channel function.InterpretationOur study defines SCN3A‐related neurodevelopmental disorder along a spectrum of severity, but typically including epilepsy and severe or profound developmental delay/intellectual disability. Malformations of cortical development are a characteristic feature of this unusual channelopathy syndrome, present in >75% of affected individuals. Gain of function at the channel level in developing neurons is likely an important mechanism of disease pathogenesis. ANN NEUROL 2020;88:348–362
Short but Weak: The Z‐DNA Lone‐Pair⋅⋅⋅π Conundrum Challenges Standard Carbon Van der Waals Radii
Authors: Kruse Holger , Mrazikova Klaudia , D'Ascenzo Luigi , Sponer Jiri , Auffinger Pascal 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCurrent interest in lone‐pair⋅⋅⋅π (lp⋅⋅⋅π) interactions is gaining momentum in biochemistry and (supramolecular) chemistry. However, the physicochemical origin of the exceptionally short (ca. 2.8 Å) oxygen‐to‐nucleobase plane distances observed in prototypical Z‐DNA CpG steps remains unclear. High‐level quantum mechanical calculations, including SAPT2+3 interaction energy decompositions, demonstrate that lp⋅⋅⋅π contacts do not result from n→π* orbital overlaps but from weak dispersion and electrostatic interactions combined with stereochemical effects imposed by the locally strained structural context. They also suggest that the carbon van der Waals (vdW) radii, originally derived for sp3 carbons, should not be used for smaller sp2 carbons attached to electron‐withdrawing groups. Using a more adapted carbon vdW radius results in these lp⋅⋅⋅π contacts being no longer of the sub‐vdW type. These findings challenge the whole lp⋅⋅⋅π concept that refers to elusive orbital interactions that fail to explain short interatomic contact distances.
The reaction mechanism of photoelectrocatalysis on the surface of TiO2 nanotube array electrode
Authors: Li Linzhi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTiO2 nanotube array (TNA) electrode materials can effectively degrade organic compounds by photoelectrocatalysis. In this study, the depletion oxidation reaction in thin‐layer reactor was adopted, and the reaction characteristic and reaction mechanism of photoelectrocatalytic degradation of different types of organic pollutants by TNA electrode prepared by anodizing technology were studied. Moreover, the effective way to improve the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of organic compounds was discussed. Easily degradable glucose and hardly degradable succinic acid and phthalate were taken as the model compounds. The change characteristics of photocurrent reaction time of organic compounds in TNA photocatalysis thin‐layer reactor were analyzed. The I–t curve could reflect the change of reaction rate of organic compounds on TNA electrode surface. The influence of reactor volume and other parameters on the performance of organic photoelectrocatalysis was investigated. With the increase of the thickness of liquid layer in reactor, the reaction time of exhaustion oxidation of organic compounds increases correspondingly. The mechanism of synergetic photocatalysis was researched. In fact, the glucose contained many hydroxyl functional groups. Then, a large number of radicals were formed by photocatalysis, thus promoting the photocatalytic degradation of hardly degradable organic compounds.
Incorporation of silica network and modified graphene oxide into epoxy resin for improving thermal and anticorrosion properties
Authors: Xie Yankun , Liu Weiqu , Liang Liyan , Liu Chunhua , Yang Maiping , Shi Hongyi , Wang Shuo , Zhang Fengyuan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this study, the silica network and functionalized graphene oxide (GO) were incorporated into the epoxy coating systems, which was aimed to improve the thermal property and corrosion resistance of epoxy coatings. First, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) oligomers and epoxy hybrid was fabricated through sol–gel method. Then the (3‐aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) modified graphene oxide (FGO) was added into the epoxy hybrid composite to obtain anticorrosion coatings. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectrum, and X‐ray photoelectron spectrum were conducted to evaluate the structural information of GO and APTES modified GO nanosheets. The results indicated that the APTES successfully grafted onto the surface of GO sheets. Besides, TGA curves, electrochemical measurements and salt spray test were also carried out to characterize the thermal performance and corrosion resistance of GO based epoxy coatings. The TGA results revealed that the thermal performance of epoxy coating containing silica network and FGO nanofiller (ES/FGO) was significantly strengthened compared to pure epoxy. The initial degradation temperature of epoxy coating was increased from 300 to 343.7°C after incorporation of silica component and FGO. The EIS measurements demonstrated that the impedance modulus of ES/FGO was significantly higher than neat epoxy, which indicated that the corrosion resistance of epoxy was substantially strengthened after introduction of silica component and FGO. The corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency of epoxy composite coatings were also shifted from 1.237 × 10−7 mm/year and 76.6% (for neat epoxy) to 1.870 × 10−9 mm/year and 99.6% (for ES/FGO), respectively. The salt spray test also revealed that the silica and FGO can improve the corrosion resistance of epoxy coating. Additionally, the dispersion of GO sheets was also enhanced after the modification of APTES siloxane.
Comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed proteins in the male and female Bombyx mori larval instars exposed to thermal stress
Authors: Punyavathi  , Manjunatha H. B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGender sensitivity to ambient heat, despite well known in insect species, how it manifests during young and late larval instars of Bombyx mori is still unclear. To uncover this cryptic feature, different instars male and female larvae were subjected to varied thermal stress separately and sex‐stage specific expression of proteins was investigated. Interestingly, heat shock proteins (HSPs) 90 and 70 were expressed differently in all the instars and also between male and female larvae as confirmed by immunoblot assay. Besides up‐ and downregulation of few HSPs and other normal proteins, discreet expression of protein was noticed in the two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis of male than female larvae which were identified as HSP70 by mass spectrometry. Furthermore, quantitative polymerase chain reaction results show 3.98‐ and 4.86‐fold higher levels of Bmhsp70 and Bmhsp90 transcripts in male and female larvae, respectively, as a response to 40°C heat shock (HS) treatment. Conversely, in spite of the massive production of HSPs due to HS at 45°C, all the larvae were found dead, which is a strong proof of concept for autophagy. Comparatively, female larvae HS at 40°C succeed to spin cocoons with increased weight and silk contents than non‐HS larvae. Comprehensively, in the present study, we have noticed a strong correlation for the first time that Bmhsp90 and Bmhsp70 genes expressions due to thermal stress are not only sex specific but also explicit preferential and coordinated action on survivability and biosynthetic potential of the silkworm, B. mori larvae during different instars.