bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-Structure Cortical States Deduced from Intracellular Representations of Fixed Tactile Input Patterns
Authors: Norrlid Johanna , Enander Jonas M.D. , Mogensen Hannes , Jörntell Henrik 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe brain has a never-ending internal activity, whose spatiotemporal evolution interacts with external inputs to define how we perceive them. We used reproducible touch-related spatiotemporal inputs and recorded intracellularly from rat neocortical neurons to characterise this interaction. The synaptic responses, or the summed input of the networks connected to the neuron, varied greatly to repeated presentations of the same tactile input pattern delivered to the tip of digit 2. Surprisingly, however, these responses sorted into a set of specific response types, unique for each neuron. Further, using a set of eight such tactile input patterns, we found each neuron to exhibit a set of specific response types for each input provided. Response types were not determined by global cortical state, but instead likely depended on the time-varying state of the specific subnetworks connected to each neuron. The fact that some types of responses were recurrent, i.e. more likely than others, indicates that the cortical network had a non-continuous landscape of solutions for these tactile inputs. Therefore, our data suggests that sensory inputs combine with the internal dynamics of the brain networks, thereby causing them to fall into one of multiple possible perceptual attractor states. The neuron-specific instantiations of response types we observed suggest that the subnetworks connected to each neuron represent different components of those attractor states. Our results indicate that the impact of cortical internal states on external inputs is substantially more richly resolvable than previously shown.Key points summaryIt is known that the internal state of the neocortical network profoundly impacts cortical neuronal responses to sensory input.Little is known of how the internal neocortical activity combines with a given sensory input to generate the response.We used eight reproducible patterns of skin sensor activation and made intracellular recordings in neocortical neurons to explore the response variations in the specific subnetworks connected to each recorded neuron.We found that each neuron exhibited multiple, specific recurring response types to the exact same skin stimulation pattern and that each given stimulation pattern evoked a unique set of response types.The findings indicate a multi-structure internal state that combines with peripheral information to define cortical responses; we suggest this mechanism is a prerequisite for the formation of perception (and illusions) and indicates that the cortical networks work according to attractor dynamics.
Service provider perspectives on treating adolescents with co-occurring PTSD and substance use: challenges and rewards
Authors: Barrett Emma Louise , Adams Zachary W. , Kelly Erin V. , Peach Natalie , Hopkins Rachel , Milne Bronwyn , Back Sudie E. , Mills Katherine L. 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD) frequently co-occur (PTSD+SUD). The onset of these disorders often occurs during adolescence. There is limited understanding of the perspectives of service providers working with this population. The purpose of this paper is to identify the practices, attitudes, experiences and training needs of Australian service providers treating adolescents with PTSD+SUD.

Design/methodology/approach
Service providers in Australia were invited to complete an anonymous online survey regarding their experiences working with adolescents who have PTSD+SUD. Ninety participants completed the 48-item survey that comprised multiple choice and open-ended questions.

Findings
Service providers estimated that up to 60 per cent of their adolescent clients with PTSD also have SUD. They identified case management, engaging with caregivers and difficult client emotions as specific challenges associated with working with this population. Despite this, providers rated treating PTSD+SUD as highly gratifying for reasons such as teaching new coping skills, developing expertise and assisting clients to achieve their goals. There were mixed perspectives on how to best treat adolescents with PTSD+SUD, and all participants identified a need for evidence-based resources specific to this population.

Originality/value
This is the first survey of Australian service providers working with adolescents who experience PTSD+SUD. The findings improve our understanding of the challenges and rewards associated with working with this population, and provide valuable information that can enhance clinical training and guide the development of new treatment approaches for this common and debilitating comorbidity.
Determinants of economic value added (EVA) in Chinese listed banks
Authors: Zhang Jie , Aboud Ahmed 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of the EVA performance evaluation model for the Chinese banking industry. The authors investigate the impact of six bank-specific factors and corporate governance factors on financial performance.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use the ordinary least square regression to examine the determinants of the EVA performance evaluation model for the Chinese banking industry. The findings are generally robust to alternative proxies of performance.

Findings
The empirical results indicate that credit risk, operational efficiency and the degree of innovation are positively related to banks’ EVA while capital management has a negative impact on it. In addition, although board size and independent directors are not related to the bank’s EVA, from the perspective of the traditional performance evaluation indicators, executive compensation has a positive impact on the bank’s profitability.

Research limitations/implications
This paper has some limitations. First, due to the large number of adjustments to accounting items are required in the application of EVA when evaluating business performance, some items of the EVA model in this paper have been simplified, which may cause the bank’s EVA value to deviate slightly from the actual situation. Moreover, the sample includes only listed banks, so our results cannot generalize to non-listed banks, such as some small- and medium-sized commercial banks.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the limited body of literature concerning the use and the determinants of EVA in emerging markets. The authors construct an EVA model which is suitable for China’s banks and reports comprehensive evidence on the drivers of EVA as a measurement tool.
The effects of equity financing and debt financing on technological innovation
Authors: Zhang Ling , Zhang Sheng , Guo Yingyuan 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to compare the effects of equity financing and debt financing on technological innovation, and prove that the enhancement of a financing system’s risk tolerance for technological innovation can enhance the innovation risk preference of enterprises and thus promote innovation.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on a transnational sample of 35 developed countries from 1996 to 2015, by using the panel econometric model to empirically examine the effects of two financing modes on innovation.

Findings
The findings showed that equity financing, which has higher risk tolerance, has a more positive impact on innovation than debt financing in terms of both economic uptrend and economic downtrend, and that government efficiency plays a significant role in supporting the performance of technological innovation.

Originality/value
The paper provides a research framework for examining how a financing system’s risk tolerance capacity affects the development of technological innovation through promoting risk preference among enterprises. This paper provides transnational and cross-cycle comparative evidence that equity financing with a strong risk tolerance capacity can better support technological innovation, even in periods of economic downtrend. Moreover, the importance of financing system’s risk tolerance capacity for innovation during economic crises is discussed.
Examining users’ knowledge sharing behaviour in online health communities
Authors: Zhou Tao 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to draw on the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) framework to examine users’ knowledge sharing in online health communities (OHC).

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the 326 valid responses collected from a survey, structural equation modelling was employed to examine the research model.

Findings
The results indicated that both information quality and service quality affect trust in community, whereas both informational support and emotional support affect trust in other members. Both types of trust and privacy risk determine users’ sharing intention, which in turn affects sharing behaviour.

Research limitations/implications
The results imply that service providers need to improve their community platforms and create a supportive climate in order to facilitate users’ trust and their knowledge sharing behaviour.

Originality/value
Previous studies have examined a few determinants of OHC user behaviour such as privacy concern, trust and motivations. However, they have seldom disclosed the internal decision process underlying users’ knowledge sharing. This research tries to fill the gap.
The effect of corporate social responsibility on earnings management and tax avoidance in Chinese listed companies
Authors: Liu Haijing , Lee Hyun-Ah 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to verify the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on Chinese listed firms’ earnings management and tax avoidance. Specifically, this study investigates whether government-guided CSR implementation indeed drives firms to behave in a responsible manner by constraining earnings management and tax avoidance.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper analyses a sample of Chinese listed companies that are confronted with the unique situation of CSR being developed at a rapid pace by government-led policy and regulation. The study further investigates whether the effect of CSR on earnings management and tax avoidance is different for state-owned and private enterprises by partitioning the sample into these two subgroups.

Findings
The findings of this study show that government-guided CSR could be effective in reducing the firms’ earnings management and tax avoidance, even though the effect is limited to state-owned enterprises.

Originality/value
This paper provides new evidence on the relation of CSR with earnings management and tax avoidance in the Chinese context and sheds light on the importance of differentiating between the state-owned and private enterprises when studying the corporate behaviors of Chinese firms.
Factors influencing willingness of customers of environmentally friendly hotels to pay a price premium
Authors: González-Rodríguez M. Rosario , Díaz-Fernández M. Carmen , Font Xavier 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of customers’ environmental concerns, customers’ perceptions of a hotel’s environmental practices and of the hotels’ environmentally friendly images, on customers’ willingness to pay a price premium to stay at environmentally friendly hotels.

Design/methodology/approach
The theoretical framework comprises both social identity theory and value-belief-norm theory. The data were collected through a survey of 454 customers staying at eco-friendly hotels in Spain. The research model is tested by using a structural equation modelling approach.

Findings
The findings illustrate that customers’ environmental concerns have a greater explanatory value on their willingness to pay a price premium than do their perceptions of the hotels’ environmental practices. Furthermore, these causal relationships are similar in magnitude when considering the mediating effects of the hotels’ eco-friendly image and the environmental practices.

Research limitations/implications
The empirical findings provide managers with a better understanding of how customers’ environmental concerns and their own sense of identification with environmentally friendly hotels influence customers’ behavioural intentions towards willingness to pay a premium.

Originality/value
The paper contributes to the literature by highlighting those cognitive processes that influence the customers’ willingness to pay a price premium to stay at environmentally friendly hotels. Hence, the study provides valuable information to hotel managers.
Dynamics of digital entrepreneurship and the innovation ecosystem
Authors: Beliaeva Tatiana , Ferasso Marcos , Kraus Sascha , Damke Eloi Junior 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamics of digital entrepreneurship and the role of innovation ecosystem in its shaping by applying a multilevel perspective on the phenomenon.

Design/methodology/approach
An exploratory in-depth analysis of an IT company in Brazil is conducted using a quasi-mixed method design and three analytical techniques: pattern-matching, data exposure and social network analysis. The study is based on qualitative data, complemented by quantitative data. The case company is investigated within its time (historical development) and spatial (entire ecosystem) dimensions, providing an integrative approach to analysis.

Findings
The results revealed significant differences in a set of supporting innovation ecosystem’s actors and relationships throughout the development of the company from lower to higher levels of digitalization. The findings are discussed within a framework that links ecosystem’s actors at different layers with different levels of business digitalization.

Research limitations/implications
This research brings implications to SMEs in high-tech industries that are aiming to transform their business toward greater digitalization, and stresses the importance of strategic partners in innovation ecosystem in this process.

Originality/value
The novelty of this research is related to how external actors contribute to a company to adapt and create value, and how companies may exploit opportunities by configuring internal resources and external assets from strategic relationships. The study considers digital entrepreneurship in dynamics, distinguishes between different levels of digitalization and prescribes them different enablers and sets of relationships.
A framework to aggregate multiple ontology matchers
Authors: Souza Jairo Francisco de , Siqueira Sean Wolfgand Matsui , Nunes Bernardo 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
Although ontology matchers are annually proposed to address different aspects of the semantic heterogeneity problem, finding the most suitable alignment approach is still an issue. This study aims to propose a computational solution for ontology meta-matching (OMM) and a framework designed for developers to make use of alignment techniques in their applications.

Design/methodology/approach
The framework includes some similarity functions that can be chosen by developers and then, automatically, set weights for each function to obtain better alignments. To evaluate the framework, several simulations were performed with a data set from the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative. Simple similarity functions were used, rather than aligners known in the literature, to demonstrate that the results would be more influenced by the proposed meta-alignment approach than the functions used.

Findings
The results showed that the framework is able to adapt to different test cases. The approach achieved better results when compared with existing ontology meta-matchers.

Originality/value
Although approaches for OMM have been proposed, it is not easy to use them during software development. On the other hand, this work presents a framework that can be used by developers to align ontologies. New ontology matchers can be added and the framework is extensible to new methods. Moreover, this work presents a novel OMM approach modeled as a linear equation system which can be easily computed.
A mixed procurement model for humanitarian relief chains
Authors: Aghajani Mojtaba , Torabi S. Ali 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to improve the relief procurement process as one of the most important elements of humanitarian logistics. For doing so, a novel two-round decision model is developed to capture the dynamic nature of the relief procurement process by allowing demand updating. The model accounts for the supply priority of items at response phase as well.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed procurement/supply policy is developed through a mathematical model, which includes spot market procurement and a novel procurement auction mechanism combining the concepts of multi-attribute and combinatorial reverse auctions. The model is of bi-objective mixed-integer non-linear programming type, which is solved through the weighted augmented e-constraint method. A case study is also provided to illustrate the applicability of the model.

Findings
This study demonstrates the ability of proposed approach to model post-disaster procurement which considers the dynamic environment of the relief logistics. The sensitivity analyses provide useful managerial insights for decision makers by studying the impacts of critical parameters on the solutions.

Originality/value
This paper proposes a novel reverse auction framework for relief procurement in the form of a multi-attribute combinatorial auction. Also, to deal with dynamic environment in the post-disaster procurement, a novel two-period programming model with demand updating is proposed. Finally, by considering the priority of relief items and model’s applicability in the setting of relief logistics, post-disaster horizon is divided into three periods and a mixed procurement strategy is developed to determine an appropriate supply policy for each period.
The relationship between leader-member exchange, work engagement and organizational citizenship behaviour
Authors: Kapil Khyati , Rastogi Renu 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThis study aims to provide a holistic model for leader–member exchange (LMX), work engagement (WE), organizational job embeddedness (OJE) and organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) of employees in information technology (IT) industry taking conservation of resources theory and social exchange theory as the foundation of the study. This current study examined the effect of LMX and WE on IT employees’ citizenship behaviour mediated by OJE.Design/methodology/approachThe sample has been taken from 430 employees of IT organizations located in India. The data were analysed through confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Besides, Preacher and Hayes’ (2004) mediation analysis technique has been used to analyse the mediating role of OJE.FindingsThe study findings reveal significant association between the key study variables. Organizational job embeddedness (OJE partially mediated the relationship between organizational factors such as LMX, WE and OCB.Practical implicationsThis study provides useful insights to better understand the antecedents of OJE and how it influences employees’ citizenship behaviour. Exploring the relationship among key study variables may have significant implications for organizations. The researchers and human resource practitioners may use the proposed investigation framework to formulate human resource practices and interventions to develop the job embeddedness, which can further promote citizenship behaviour among employees.Originality/valueFirst, the present study has focussed on the IT sector organizations based in India that have not been explored much regarding the study variables, as previous studies focussed more on Western countries. Second, the current study outspreads the preceding research by examining the OJE as a mediator between LMX, WE and OCB.
Interval and tender offer closed-end funds: investment company alternatives to traditional funds
Authors: Audette James , Draney Walter , Koff Jonathan , Warren Morrison 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
To introduce the concepts of interval funds and tender offer funds and compare them to other pooled investment vehicles.

Design/methodology/approach
This article provides an overview of the interval fund and tender offer fund structures, including the law, regulations and market practices regarding redemptions, liquidity, fees and expenses and other key terms.

Findings
Interval funds and tender offer funds should be considered by alternative investment managers seeking to expand into public markets or traditional fund managers that seek additional portfolio flexibility.

Originality/value
In addition to a plain English analysis of the rules and regulations applicable to interval funds and tender offer funds, the article analyzes market practices regarding redemption frequency and amount.
Effects of CEO duality and tenure on innovation
Authors: Li Mengge , Yang Jinxin 
Published: October 2019

PurposeAs the primary decision makers, chief executive officers (CEOs) play pivotal roles in firm innovation. However, little is known regarding how CEOs influence the exploitation and exploration paradox. To advance theory and research, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the joint effects of CEO tenure and CEO–chair duality on a firm’s shifting emphasis between exploitative and exploratory innovation.Design/methodology/approachThis paper takes the approach of a longitudinal sample of 81 US pharmaceutical firms.FindingsAs CEOs’ tenure advance, their firms’ percentage of exploitative innovation increases. Furthermore, non-duality (separation of board chair and CEO) further strengthens the positive relationship between CEO tenure and the percentage of exploitative innovation.Research limitations/implicationsThis study integrates upper echelons theory and behavioral agency theory to juxtapose the effects of CEOs on technological innovation. This study extends knowledge of strategic leadership and innovation by showing that CEOs influence the balance between exploitative and exploratory innovation. Furthermore, this study also contributes to the corporate governance literature by demonstrating that monitoring vigilance could inhibit capable CEOs from pursuing more exploratory innovation.Practical implicationsBoards of directors should allow CEOs to have greater discretion over innovation, and vigilant monitoring and control may force CEOs to focus less on exploration.Originality/valueThis is one of the few studies that explicitly investigate how CEO influences a firm’s emphasis on exploitative innovation and exploratory innovation.