bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic exploration of satellite radar coherence methods for rapid landslide detection
Authors: Burrows Katy , Walters Richard J. , Milledge David , Densmore Alexander L. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Emergency responders require information on the distribution of triggered landslides within 2 weeks of an earthquake or storm. Useable satellite radar imagery is acquired within days of any such event worldwide. Recently, several landslide detection methods that use these data have been developed, but testing of these methods has been limited in each case to a single event and satellite sensor. Here we systematically test five methods using ALOS-2 and Sentinel-1 data across four triggering earthquakes. The best-performing method was dependent on the satellite sensor. For three of our four case study events, an initial ALOS-2 image was acquired within 2 weeks, and with these data, co-event coherence loss (CECL) is the best-performing method. Using a single post-event Sentinel-1 image, the best-performing method was the boxcar–sibling (Bx–S) method. We also present three new methods which incorporate a second post-event image. While the waiting time for this second post-event image is disadvantageous for emergency response, these methods perform more consistently and on average 10 % better across event and sensor type than the boxcar–sibling and CECL methods. Thus, our results demonstrate that useful landslide density information can be generated on the timescale of emergency response and allow us to make recommendations on the best method based on the availability and latency of post-event radar data.
Pr´ologo
Authors: Hooker Blandford Alta Suzzane 
Published: November 2020

Este volumen No. 27, presenta una compilación de 16 artículos estructurada en 4 secciones, las cuales comprenden; seis en Educación, cuatro en Ciencias Sociales; tres en Recursos Naturales y Medio Ambiente y tres en Agropecuaria. Los resultados de estas investigaciones aportan signi cativamente a la praxis innovadora de la comunidad universitaria, y constituyen un medio educativo y de comunicación para compartir con la comunidad de profesores, investigadores y estudiantes del mundo académico, en una expresión crítica, autónoma y de emancipación en un ambiente de ciudadanías interculturales de género.
Zorgen rondom het strafrecht: TBS
Authors: Knoester J.A.W. (Job) , Boksem J. (Jan) 
Published: November 2020

Zorgen rondom het strafrecht: TBS
Deze bijdrage staat stil bij een aantal kwesties die het succes van de TBS-maatregel (kunnen) ondermijnen. Voor een deel gaat het daarbij om praktische problemen die met enige goede wil zouden kunnen worden weggenomen, en voor een ander deel gaat het om een imagoprobleem waarvoor – naast goede informatieverstrekking aan verdachten, terbeschikkinggestelden en aan de samenleving – wellicht een meer structurele ingreep noodzakelijk is. Bij de bespreking van de verschillende thema’s wordt het perspectief van de terbeschikkinggestelde als uitgangspunt genomen.
Sancties voor ouders vanwege misdragingen van hun kind?
Authors: Weijers I. (Ido) 
Published: November 2020

Sancties voor ouders vanwege misdragingen van hun kind?
Het afgelopen jaar hebben burgemeesters naar aanleiding van ernstige steekincidenten en vanwege desastreuze gevolgen van de coronacrisis voor de meest kwetsbare buurten gepleit voor een integrale aanpak gericht op deze gebieden. Minister Dekker heeft daarop onder meer voorgesteld om de ouders van deze jongeren aan te pakken. Hij denkt daarbij aan het Britse jeugdstrafrecht, waar ouders een sanctie kan worden opgelegd vanwege wangedrag van hun kind. In dit artikel worden kritische kanttekeningen bij dit voornemen geplaatst.
Goede zorg voor slachtoffers verstevigt de rechtsstatelijkheid van de strafrechtspleging
Authors: Korver R.A. (Richard) , Hoogenboom N. (Nicole) , de Blok E.D.T.M. (Estelle) , de Wit I.N. (Iris) 
Published: November 2020

Goede zorg voor slachtoffers verstevigt de rechtsstatelijkheid van de strafrechtspleging
In deze bijdrage wordt ingegaan op de huidige positie van het slachtoffer gedurende het strafproces. Daarbij wordt beschreven welke zorg er voor het slachtoffer is en welke hiaten er zijn in de uitvoering hiervan en in de maatregelen zelf. Ten slotte wordt een korte vooruitblik gedaan naar de betekenis van het wetsvoorstel uitbreiding slachtofferrechten voor de zorg op het slachtoffer.
The Role of Banks for the Transition to Circular Economy
Authors: Zhelyazkova Virginia 
Published: November 2020

The financial system as a whole—in Europe the banks, in the USA mainly the stock exchanges—is oriented mainly towards financing the linear economy. It is the dominant economic model; the production cycles, hence the business cycles of the individual industries and products, are well known. This ensures relative predictability of the amount of expected profits they generate, and it gives the necessary degree of probability for the financial markets for the return on investment. In order for banks to provide the much-needed resource for the transformation of the linear economy into a circular one, they must undergo a major transformation. It is multi-layered and, of course, has many specific characteristics. As banks definitely play a dominant role in Europe\'s financing of the economy, the analysis in this paper will focus on them. Certain main trends will be presented, related to circular economy and directing to the future development of individual segments within their framework.
Les Franco-Américains de la Nouvelle-Angleterre en 2020
Authors: Perreault Robert B. 
Published: November 2020

Dans le cadre du recensement effectué par le gouvernement fédéral des États-Unis en cette année 2020, l’auteur examine l’état actuel des Franco-Américains de la Nouvelle-Angleterre en comparant divers aspects de leur vie et de leur culture d’aujourd’hui avec ceux du passé : la langue française, les Petits Canadas, l’église, l’école paroissiale, les organisations, la presse, les médias électroniques et la littérature. De plus, il offre ses réflexions personnelles sur sa propre famille, son éducation et sa carrière en fonction de son rôle comme militant franco-américain. Ni pessimiste, ni optimiste, mais réaliste convaincu, il avoue que, malgré d’énormes pertes au cours des générations, il reste une forte minorité de Franco-Américains voués au maintien de leur langue ancestrale et de leur culture.
Construction du sens et de la signification des images de campagnes présidentielles de 2007 et 2012 dans la presse française
Authors: Madiba Marie-Sophie , Acioly-Regnier Nadja Maria 
Published: November 2020

Cet article propose d’interroger les méthodes, théories et catégories d’analyse ayant servi à la description et à l’interprétation d’images de presse lors des campagnes présidentielles françaises de 2007 et de 2012. Dans quelle mesure des images des journaux français se constituent-elles comme des outils pour expliquer, comprendre et débattre de la question du choix du président de la République ? Les résultats d’analyse démontrent que plusieurs variables conduisent à dégager les visées et significations des images à savoir : le contexte socio-historique et culturel, la promesse discursive des journaux, l’analyse de la nature et l’appropriation des instruments langagiers, iconiques et plastiques. Sur le plan théorique et méthodologique, les approches socio-constructivistes, linguistiques, phénoménologiques, sémiologiques, psycho-socio-cognitives s’avèrent éclairantes pour crédibiliser la portée scientifique et rationnelle de la mise en récit du discours médiatique sur les campagnes présidentielles françaises.
Effectiveness of specific stabilization exercise compared with traditional trunk exercise in women with non-specific low back pain: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Minobes-Molina Eduard , Nogués Maria Rosa , Giralt Montse , Casajuana Carme , de Souza Dyego Leandro Bezerra , Jerez-Roig Javier , Romeu Marta 
Published: November 2020

Background
Non-specific low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide. The primary physiotherapeutic treatment for LBP is physical exercise, but evidence suggesting a specific exercise as most appropriate for any given case is limited.

Objective
To determine if specific stabilization exercise (SSE) is more effective than traditional trunk exercise (TTE) in reducing levels of pain, disability and inflammation in women with non-specific low back pain (LBP).

Design
A pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted in Rovira i Virgili University, Catalonia.

Methods
Thirty-nine females experiencing non-specific LBP were included in two groups: the TTE program and SSE program, both were conducted by a physiotherapist during twenty sessions. The primary outcome was pain intensity (10-cm Visual Analogue Scale). Secondary outcomes were disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire), and inflammation (IL-6 and TNF-α plasma levels). Measurements were taken at baseline, at half intervention, at post-intervention, and a month later.

Results
Mean group differences in change from baseline to post-intervention for TTE were: −4.5 points (CI 3.3 to 5.6) for pain, −5.1 points (CI 3.0 to 7.3) for disability, 0.19 pg/mL (95% CI [−1.6–1.2]) for IL-6 levels, and 46.2 pg/mL (CI 13.0 to 85.3) for TNF-α levels. For SSE, differences were: −4.3 points (CI 3.1 to 5.6) for pain, −6.1 points (CI 3.7 to 8.6) for disability, 1.1 pg/mL (CI 0.0 to 2.1) for IL-6 levels , and 12.8 pg/mL (95% CI [−42.3–16.7]) for TNF-α levels. There were an insignificant effect size and no statistically significant overall mean differences between both groups.

Conclusion
This study suggests that both interventions (traditional trunk and specific stabilization exercises) are effective in reducing pain and disability in non-specific LBP patients, but the two programs produce different degrees of inflammation change.

Clinical trial registration number
NCT02103036.
The mRNA landscape profiling reveals potential biomarkers associated with acute kidney injury AKI after kidney transplantation
Authors: Bi Hui , Zhang Min , Wang Jialin , Long Gang 
Published: November 2020

Background
This study aims to identify potential biomarkers associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) post kidney transplantation.

Material and Methods
Two mRNA expression profiles from Gene Expression Omnibus repertory were downloaded, including 20 delayed graft function (DGF) and 68 immediate graft function (IGF) samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between DGF and IGF group. The Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis of DEGs were performed. Then, a protein-protein interaction analysis was performed to extract hub genes. The key genes were searched by literature retrieval and cross-validated based on the training dataset. An external dataset was used to validate the expression levels of key genes. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed to evaluate diagnostic performance of key genes for AKI.

Results
A total of 330 DEGs were identified between DGF and IGF samples, including 179 up-regulated and 151 down-regulated genes. Of these, OLIG3, EBF3 and ETV1 were transcription factor genes. Moreover, LEP, EIF4A3, WDR3, MC4R, PPP2CB, DDX21 and GPT served as hub genes in PPI network. EBF3 was significantly up-regulated in validation GSE139061 dataset, which was consistently with our initial gene differential expression analysis. Finally, we found that LEP had a great diagnostic value for AKI (AUC = 0.740).

Conclusion
EBF3 may be associated with the development of AKI following kidney transplantation. Furthermore, LEP had a good diagnostic value for AKI. These findings provide deeper insights into the diagnosis and management of AKI post renal transplantation.
Carbazole‐Based Iridium(III) Complexes for Electrophosphorescence with EQE of 32.2% and Low Efficiency Roll‐Off
Authors: Luo Xu‐Feng , Qu Zhong‐Ze , Han Hua‐Bo , Su Jian , Yan Zhi‐Ping , Zhang Xiao‐Min , Tong Jing‐Jing , Zheng You‐Xuan , Zuo Jing‐Lin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe integration of carbazole (Cz) unit and emissive iridium(III) complexes is a wise choice to facilitate hole injection/transport, charge balance, and achieve phosphorescent emitters for high‐performance organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). Herein, three efficient Cz‐based Ir(III) complexes are synthesized and applied for OLEDs. The introduction of trifluoromethyl and trimethylsilyl units alter the photoelectric properties of these complexes, achieving photoluminescence (PL) from yellow (559 nm) to orange‐red (600 nm) with high PL quantum yields between 75% and 93% and short excited state lifetimes between 1.09 and 1.90 µs in doped thin films. Multilayer OLEDs using the three emitters exhibit highest current efficiency as high as 100.4 cd A−1 and maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) up to 32.2% with very low efficiency roll‐off. Even at high brightness of 5000 and 10 000 cd m−2, the device D3 still can maintain the EQE at 28.2% and 27.9%, respectively. These results indicate that these complexes incorporating Cz units are potential substituents for efficient OLEDs.
In Situ Probing of Surface Acoustic Waves by Interfacing with Lanthanide Emitters
Authors: Zhao Yanan , Yuan Yang , Chen Haisheng , Chen Wenwen , Du Xiaona , Gong Cheng , Lin Lie , Luo Wei , Liu Weiwei , Zhang Yang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSurface acoustic waves (SAWs) are used in a broad range including electronic systems and various sensors. Especially, SAW‐based microfluidic actuations at microscale represent an effective way with unrivaled precision and technological relevance. However, it remains a daunting challenge to develop a reliable and robust method for in situ and real time probing of the acoustic propagation of SAWs. Approach‐based sophisticated equipment claims large consumption and fussy operation, and is also limited for rapid analysis inside microfluidic channels. Other emerging methods suffer from limitations associated with the reproducibility or the application scenarios. Here, a convenient approach is achieved by interfacing with lanthanide emitters. The coupling between ferroelectric host and lanthanide ions promises effective emission manipulation upon external stimuli induced by the SAWs. The photoluminescence fluctuations of lanthanide emitters reflect their interaction with the strain and piezoelectric fields accompanying the propagating SAWs. The strong correlation between the lanthanide luminescence and the acoustic fields can visualize the resonant frequency, energy flow as well as propagation loss of the propagating SAWs on demand without degrading the SAW‐based functionality. These findings would accelerate the development of SAW‐based devices owing to the added functionality provided by the SAW‐luminescence correlative character.
TCO‐Based Active Dielectric Metasurfaces Design by Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Jafar‐Zanjani Samad , Salary Mohammad Mahdi , Huynh Dat , Elhamifar Ehsan , Mosallaei Hossein 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWhile researchers in the field of active flat optics continue to make groundbreaking progress by seeking novel materials and control systems, the complexity and sensitivity of the nanostructures that they aspire to design are unavoidably increasing. Inverse design of the popular class of transparent conducting oxide (TCO)‐based active metasurfaces is particularly challenging, largely due to the limited choice of the active materials, and sensitive physical mechanisms that give rise to their tunability. In this contribution, a new machine learning method based on a combination of the K‐means clustering algorithm and conditional Wasserstein generative adversarial networks (cWGANs) for broadband multi‐modal inverse design of TCO‐based active metasurfaces is developed. Multi‐objective evolutionary optimization is adopted to efficiently generate a diverse training dataset of high‐performance active metasurfaces. The training dataset includes samples that operate at specific wavelengths throughout the optical telecommunications (telecom) band. K‐means algorithm is then used to extract the clusters (modes) present in the training dataset, and exclusive cWGAN models are fit on each of them. The model is capable of generating designs operating at wavelengths that are not present in the training dataset. It also provides a clear picture of the feasibility and interplay between the design objectives.
Magnetically Active Cardiac Patches as an Untethered, Non‐Blood Contacting Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Gu Hongri , Bertrand Thibaud , Boehler Quentin , Chautems Christophe , Vasilyev Nikolay V. , Nelson Bradley J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPatients suffering from heart failure often require circulatory support using ventricular assist devices (VADs). However, most existing VADs provide nonpulsatile flow, involve direct contact between the blood flow and the device's lumen and moving components, and require a driveline to connect to an external power source. These design features often lead to complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding, device thrombosis, and driveline infections. Here, a concept of magnetically active cardiac patches (MACPs) that can potentially function as non‐blood contacting, untethered pulsatile VADs inside a magnetic actuationsystem is reported. The MACPs, which are composed of permanent magnets and 3D‐printed patches, are attached to the epicardial surfaces, thus avoiding direct contact with the blood flow. They provide powerful actuation assisting native heart pumping inside a magnetic actuation system. In ex vivo experiments on a healthy pig's heart, it is shown that the ventricular ejection fractions are as high as 37% in the left ventricle and 63% in the right ventricle. Non‐blood contacting, untethered VADs can eliminate the risk of serious complications associated with existing devices, and provide an alternative solution for myocardial training and therapy for patients with heart failure.
The Hidden Potential of Luminescent Solar Concentrators
Authors: Papakonstantinou Ioannis , Portnoi Mark , Debije Michael G. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe luminescent solar concentrator (LSC), originally introduced almost four decades ago as a potential alternative/complement to silicon solar cells, has since evolved to a versatile photovoltaic (PV) solution with realistic potential for seamless integration into the urban architectural landscape. Yet, a popular perception of the device still persists: the LSC is mostly seen as just a low‐efficiency solar panel. This review challenges this outdated notion and argues that the LSC is, to the contrary, a powerful and highly adaptive photonic platform with many more capabilities and potential than only generating electricity from sunlight. The field has seen a rapidly expanding application portfolio over the last few years, with LSCs now considered in various sensing applications, “smart” windows, chemical reactors, horticulture, and even in optical communication and real‐time responsive systems. The main goal of this work is to shed light onto this alternative application space and highlight the LSC's unique spectral manipulation, light distribution, and light concentration properties, and as a result, to encourage the participation from a broader range of disciplines into LSC research with the ultimate aim of stimulating the development of novel, LSC inspired technologies.
How Hard Did That Sting? Estimating the Economic Costs of Locust Attacks on Agricultural Production†
Authors: Chatterjee Somdeep 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEstimates suggest that a swarm of desert locusts can consume food grains sufficient to feed up to 35,000 people. Despite the potential disaster that these migratory pests can bring about, there is no credible economic estimate of the actual damage caused by locust upsurges to agricultural production. This article takes advantage of plausibly exogenous variation generated by the timing of locust upsurges and geographic variation due to their migration patterns to estimate the impact of an upsurge on crop yields using a large district level panel dataset from India covering more than 200 districts over 45 years. I find that locust upsurges have no impact on rice yields but can lead to a decline of up to 0.2 tons of wheat production per hectare. Given that locusts attack India from the western side and majority of the rice is produced in the east and south, such findings are not surprising. There are two ways to interpret the estimated effect size in terms of how hard the locust upsurges can sting the economy. First, in terms of the economic costs, the magnitude of the effects are around 12% compared to mean per‐hectare production of wheat. Second, in terms of accounting costs, back of the envelope calculations suggest losses up to US$3 billion. Policy implications include recognizing locust upsurges as natural disasters and providing demand‐based market instruments such as locust insurance to help farmers hedge against this risk.
A comparison of subadult skeletal and dental development based on living and deceased samples
Authors: Stull Kyra E. , Wolfe Christopher A. , Corron Louise K. , Heim Kelly , Hulse Cortney N. , Pilloud Marin A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesA fundamental assumption in biological anthropology is that living individuals will present with different growth than non‐survivors of the same population. The aim is to address the question of whether growth and development data of non‐survivors are reflective of the biological consequences of selective mortality and/or stress.Materials and MethodsThe study compares dental development and skeletal growth collected from radiographic images of contemporary samples of living and deceased individuals from the United States (birth to 20 years) and South Africa (birth to 12 years). Further evaluation of deceased individuals is used to explore differential patterns among manners of death (MOD).ResultsResults do not show any significant differences in skeletal growth or dental development between living and deceased individuals. However, in the South African deceased sample the youngest individuals exhibited substantially smaller diaphyseal lengths than the living sample, but by 2 years of age the differences were negligible. In the US sample, neither significant nor substantial differences were found in dental development or diaphyseal length according to MOD and age (>2 years of age), though some long bones in individuals <2 years of age did show significant differences. No significant differences were noted in diaphyseal length according to MOD and age in the SA sample.DiscussionThe current findings refute the idea that contemporary deceased and living individuals would present with differential growth and development patterns through all of ontogeny as well as the assumptions linking short stature, poor environments, and MOD.