bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive tracking with improved motion models for optical belt sorting
Authors: Pfaff Florian , Pieper Christoph , Maier Georg , Noack Benjamin , Gruna Robin , Kruggel-Emden Harald , Hanebeck Uwe D. , Wirtz Siegmar , Scherer Viktor , Längle Thomas , Beyerer Jürgen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Optical belt sorters are a versatile means to sort bulk materials. In previous work, we presented a novel design of an optical belt sorter, which includes an area scan camera instead of a line scan camera. Line scan cameras, which are well-established in optical belt sorting, only allow for a single observation of each particle. Using multitarget tracking, the data of the area scan camera can be used to derive a part of the trajectory of each particle. The knowledge of the trajectories can be used to generate accurate predictions as to when and where each particle passes the separation mechanism. Accurate predictions are key to achieve high quality sorting results. The accuracy of the trajectories and the predictions heavily depends on the motion model used. In an evaluation based on a simulation that provides us with ground truth trajectories, we previously identified a bias in the temporal component of the prediction. In this paper, we analyze the simulation-based ground truth data of the motion of different bulk materials and derive models specifically tailored to the generation of accurate predictions for particles traveling on a conveyor belt. The derived models are evaluated using simulation data involving three different bulk materials. The evaluation shows that the constant velocity model and constant acceleration model can be outperformed by utilizing the similarities in the motion behavior of particles of the same type.
Reference Evil – Bibliografische Herausforderungen bei Videospielen
Authors: Arndt Tracy , Freybe Konstantin , Lahmann André , Roth Martin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Im Zuge der intensiveren Beschäftigung mit Videospielen als Forschungsgegenstand stellen sich zunehmend Fragen nach der Formalisierung von Methoden und Daten in dem Feld der Game Studies. Die Angaben innerhalb von Referenzen sollten sich im optimalen Fall in der bibliografischen Beschreibung wiederfinden und umgekehrt. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, zur Präzision der Referenzierungspraxis von Videospielen beizutragen und für die Problemlagen im Umgang mit Videospielen zu sensibilisieren.
Learning Circles: Learning Online Together at the Cologne Public Library
Authors: James Nicole 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Cologne Public Library has offered small, facilitated study groups for online learning, called learning circles, for the past two years. The development of learning circles by Peer 2 Peer University (P2PU) is discussed, as well as the Library’s experiences with this learning model. An introduction is given to the Erasmus+ project Learning Circles in Libraries (LCIL).
Genotypic distribution of human oncogenic papillomaviruses in sexually active women in Burkina Faso: Central, Central-Eastern and Hauts-Bassins regions
Authors: Ouedraogo Rogomenoma Alice , Zohoncon Théodora Mahoukèdè , Traore Ina Marie Angèle , Ouattara Abdoul Karim , Guigma Sindimalgdé Patricia , Djigma Florencia Wendkuuni , Obiri-Yeboah Dorcas , Ouedraogo Charlemagne , Simpore Jacques 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivethis study was conducted to determine the distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotypes in women in the general population of three regions of Burkina Faso.MethodThis multicenter, descriptive cross-sectional study involved 1321 sexually active women in five cities in three regions of Burkina Faso: Central, Central-Eastern and Hauts-Bassins regions. After collection of endocervical specimens, pre-cervical lesions were screened by visual inspection with acetic acid and lugol (VIA / VILI). HR-HPV genotypes were characterized by multiplex real-time PCR after extraction of viral DNA.ResultsThe mean age of women was 31.98 ± 10.09 years. The HR-HPV infection in the three regions ranged from 26.16% to 43.26% with 35.42% as overall prevalence in women. The most common HR-HPV genotypes in descending order were: HPV 56, 52, 66, 59, 39, 51, 18, 35. The prevalence of bivalent vaccine genotypes (HPV16 / 18) was 7.83% against 63.78% of genotypes not covered by HPV vaccine; 36.32% (170/468) of women had multiple concomitant HR-HPV infections.Conclusionthis study showed significant regional variation and high prevalence of HR-HPV infection in women. The predominant genotypes differ from those covered by available vaccines in Burkina Faso. These results will help guide our health policies towards better prevention of cervical cancer. The diversity of oncogenic genotypes is sparking a large-scale study in the West African sub-region, particularly in cases of cancer and the introduction of the nonavalent vaccine which includes HPV 52 found among the predominant genotypes in this study.
Relationship between iodine and carbohydrate contents in the seagrass Zostera marina on the northwestern Pacific coast of central Japan
Authors: Satoh Yuhi , Wada Shigeki , Hisamatsu Shun’ichi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPreviously, we reported seasonal variation in iodine contents in the seagrass Zostera marina. Herein, we sought the factors controlling this variation, and investigated relationships between iodine and carbohydrate contents, using extracts and residues of seagrass samples extracted with 0.1 N HCl. In plants, carbohydrates in HCl-extracted and residual fractions are considered to represent storage and structural carbohydrates, respectively. On average, 44% and 56% of total iodine in samples was contained in the HCl-extracted and residual fractions, respectively. Both HCl-extracted and residual iodine contents showed seasonal trends similar to that of total iodine, being high in winter–spring and low in summer. Total and HCl-extracted carbohydrate contents showed reverse seasonal trends from those of iodine, whereas residual carbohydrate contents had comparable values throughout the sampling period. In the total and HCl-extracted fractions, negative correlations between iodine and carbohydrate contents were confirmed, suggesting that carbohydrates do not play important roles in iodine accumulation. Although most monosaccharide contents were not correlated with iodine contents in these two fractions, residual galactose content was positively correlated with residual iodine. We accordingly suggest that one or more specific structural carbohydrate constituents may potentially function as an iodine store in Z. marina.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling and dried blood spot microsampling vs. conventional venous sampling for tacrolimus trough concentration monitoring
Authors: Veenhof Herman , Koster Remco A. , Junier Lenneke A.T. , Berger Stefan P. , Bakker Stephan J.L. , Touw Daan J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Monitoring tacrolimus blood concentrations is important for preventing allograft rejection in transplant patients. Our hospital offers dried blood spot (DBS) sampling, giving patients the opportunity to sample a drop of blood from a fingerprick at home, which can be sent to the laboratory by mail. In this study, both a volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) device and DBS sampling were compared to venous whole blood (WB) sampling.

Methods
A total of 130 matched fingerprick VAMS, fingerprick DBS and venous WB samples were obtained from 107 different kidney transplant patients by trained phlebotomists for method comparison using Passing-Bablok regression. Bias was assessed using Bland-Altman. A multidisciplinary team pre-defined an acceptance limit requiring >80% of all matched samples within 15% of the mean of both samples. Sampling quality was evaluated for both VAMS and DBS samples.

Results
32.3% of the VAMS samples and 6.2% of the DBS samples were of insufficient quality, leading to 88 matched samples fit for analysis. Passing-Bablok regression showed a significant difference between VAMS and WB, with a slope of 0.88 (95% CI 0.81–0.97) but not for DBS (slope 1.00; 95% CI 0.95–1.04). Both VAMS (after correction for the slope) and DBS showed no significant bias in Bland-Altman analysis. For VAMS and DBS, the acceptance limit was met for 83.0% and 96.6% of the samples, respectively.

Conclusions
VAMS sampling can replace WB sampling for tacrolimus trough concentration monitoring, but VAMS sampling is currently inferior to DBS sampling, both regarding sample quality and agreement with WB tacrolimus concentrations.
Harmonising EQA schemes the next frontier: challenging the status quo
Authors: Badrick Tony , Stavelin Anne 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
There is a focus on standardisation and harmonisation of laboratory results to reduce the risk of misinterpretation of patient results assayed in different laboratories. External quality assessment (EQA) is critical to assess the need for harmonisation and to monitor the success of procedures to achieve harmonisation. However, EQA providers are being stretched to meet the needs of their participants with proven commutable material with reference method targets, a range of clinically significant levels of the materials, detailed and customised data analysis, and educational support. The path ahead for harmonisation of EQA schemes will require leadership from an organisation that has the support and confidence of EQA providers, like the European Organisation for External Qualily Assurance Providers in Laboratory Medicine.
Production of a bioflocculant by using activated sludge and its application in Pb(II) removal from aqueous solution
Authors: Yan Zibo , Peng Li , Deng Miao , Lin Jinhui 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study, the characteristics of a bioflocculant produced by using activated sludge as raw materials were investigated. The performance of this bioflocculant in the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution and the corresponding mechanisms were determined as well. After cultivating a bioflocculant-producing strain in an alkaline thermal pre-treatment sludge for 60 h, approximately 4.45 g of bioflocculant containing a protein backbone was harvested from 1 L of fermentation broth. This bioflocculant can remove 98.5% of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions under optimal conditions, which include a bioflocculant dosage of 6 mg/L and a CaCl2 concentration of 70 mg/L at a pH of 6.5.
Anticancer, antioxidant, and acute toxicity studies of a Saudi polyherbal formulation, PHF5
Authors: Abutaha Nael , Al-zharani Mohammed , Al-Doaiss Amin A. , Baabbad Almohannad , Al-malki Ahmed Mfreh , Dekhil Hafedh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA popular polyherbal formulation prepared from five plants (PHF5) may have anticancer effects. However, there is a lack of adequate scientific evidence. We assessed the anticancer, antioxidant, and acute toxicity effects of PHF5. Cancer cells were treated with 0 to 300 μg/mL PHF5 extract. Established assays were used to assess cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and radical scavenging activities. In the acute toxicity study, mice were administered a single oral dose (2,000 mg/kg) of PHF5, and biochemical and histopathological parameters were assessed. The IC50values of PHF5 on LoVo, HepG2, MCF-7, and MDA-MB 231 cells were 71.8, 64.8, 45.3, and 47.3 μg/mL, respectively. Fluorescence staining demonstrated that PHF5 induced MCF-7 cell apoptosis. After 48 h, the percentage of late apoptotic cells increased significantly compared with the control cells (74.16 ± 0.64 vs 3.7 ± 2.05,P< 0.05). No mortality or behavioral alterations were observed in mice treated with a single dose (2,000 mg/kg) of PHF5, indicating that the LD50value exceeded 2,000 mg/kg. However, histopathological changes were observed in the liver tissues. PHF5 has potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of human carcinoma. Further safety data will be necessary before clinical use.
Translocalization and Social Rescaling: Case Studies of Linguistic Landscapes in Guangzhou
Authors: Han Yanmei , Wu Xiaodan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLanguages and linguistic resources transport from one locality to another, adapting to the norms, customs, and regulations of a new locality. This process involves translocalization. Translocalization emphasizes the movement of linguistic resources against the backdrop of globalization and the combination or reframing of resources from different localities. This research explores the extent to which translocalization is reflected by the linguistic landscapes of three distinct commercial areas in Guangzhou, China. It goes on to discuss how translocalization works together with social rescaling to incur the movement of linguistic resources and to result in distinct linguistic landscapes of the three commercial areas. It concludes that some languages or linguistic resources, such as English, pinyin and traditional Chinese writing, are transported to local contexts for the purpose of rescaling, whereas other languages or dialects, like Cantonese, might gradually lose their function of rescaling and retain its function in indexing local identity and solidarity. This study calls for more attention to the local resources and contexts in linguistic landscape studies. It argues for the indexical function of linguistic resources in social rescaling and city planning.
Morley FEM for a Distributed Optimal Control Problem Governed by the von Kármán Equations
Authors: Chowdhury Sudipto , Nataraj Neela , Shylaja Devika 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Consider the distributed optimal control problem governed by the von Kármán equations defined on a polygonal domain of

ℝ
2

{\mathbb{R}^{2}}

that describe the deflection of very thin plates with box constraints on the control variable.
This article discusses a numerical approximation of the problem that employs the Morley nonconforming finite element method (FEM) to discretize the state and adjoint variables.
The control is discretized using piecewise constants.
A priori error estimates are derived for the state, adjoint and control variables under minimal regularity assumptions on the exact solution.
Error estimates in lower-order norms for the state and adjoint variables are derived.
The lower-order estimates for the adjoint variable and a post-processing of control leads to an improved error estimate for the control variable.
Numerical results confirm the theoretical results obtained.
Semantic differences between strong and weak verb forms in Dutch
Authors: De Smet Isabeau , Van de Velde Freek 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDutch, like other Germanic languages, disposes of two strategies to express past tense: the strong inflection (e.g.,rijden–reed‘drive – drove’) and the weak inflection (spelen–speelde‘play – played’). This distinction is for the most part lexically determined in that each verb occurs in one of the two inflections. Diachronically the system is in flux though, with the resilience of some verbs being mainly driven by frequency. Synchronically this might result in variable verbs (e.g.,schuilen–schuilde/school‘hide – hid’ orraden–raadde/ried‘guess – guessed’). This diachronic (1300–2000) corpus study shows that this variation is not haphazard, but that semantic factors are at play. We see two such effects. First of all, synchronically, the variation is exapted in an iconic manner to express aspect: durative meanings tend to be expressed by longer verb forms and punctual meanings tend to be expressed by shorter verb forms. Secondly, we see that metaphorical meanings come to be associated within obsolescent inflectional forms, as predicted by Kuryłowicz’s “fourth law of analogy”.
Area minimizing surfaces of bounded genus in metric spaces
Authors: Fitzi Martin , Wenger Stefan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Plateau–Douglas problem asks to find an area minimizing surface of fixed or bounded genus spanning a given finite collection of Jordan curves in Euclidean space. In the present paper we solve this problem in the setting of proper metric spaces admitting a local quadratic isoperimetric inequality for curves. We moreover obtain continuity up to the boundary and interior Hölder regularity of solutions. Our results generalize corresponding results of Jost and Tomi-Tromba from the setting of Riemannian manifolds to that of proper metric spaces with a local quadratic isoperimetric inequality. The special case of a disc-type surface spanning a single Jordan curve corresponds to the classical problem of Plateau, in proper metric spaces recently solved by Lytchak and the second author.
Uniform bounds on harmonic Beltrami differentials and Weil–Petersson curvatures
Authors: Bridgeman Martin , Wu Yunhui 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this article we show that for every finite area hyperbolic surface X of type

{(g,n)}

and any harmonic Beltrami differential μ on X, then the magnitude of μ at any point of small injectivity radius is uniform bounded from above by the ratio of the Weil–Petersson norm of μ over the square root of the systole of X up to a uniform positive constant multiplication.
We apply the uniform bound above to show that the Weil–Petersson Ricci curvature, restricted at any hyperbolic surface of short systole in the moduli space, is uniformly bounded from below by the negative reciprocal of the systole up to a uniform positive constant multiplication. As an application, we show that the average total Weil–Petersson scalar curvature over the moduli space is uniformly comparable to

{-g}

as the genus g goes to infinity.
Lokale und globale Idealisierungen
Authors: Borbone Giacomo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractErnst Cassirer’s epistemological trilogy –Substanzbegriff und Funktionsbegriff(1910),Zur Einsteinschen Relativitätstheorie(1921) andDeterminismus und Indeterminismus(1937) – is well known to Western scholars, some of whom recently devoted a number of in-depth and interesting studies to Cassirer’s epistemology. Nonetheless, they overlooked aspects of Cassirer’s concept of idealisation and his model of science as found in his last epistemological work:Determinismus und Indeterminismus. In this essay I will consider these two almost disregarded aspects of Cassirer’s epistemology in order to provide a better understanding of his idea of science.
Seinsbegegnung
Authors: Felgenhauer Katrin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe contemporary realist turn in philosophy can be seen as a reaction to a merely constructivist understanding of being. The formulation of a realist ontology was already the central concern of Nicolai Hartmann’s philosophy. Hartmann argues that in order to pose the ontological question critically, a realist analysis of the cognitive relation must precede posing the question of being. From the critical analysis, it follows that the cognitive relation is embedded in the relationship of being. Thus, the epistemic relation becomes understandable in the sense of beings encountering and touching one another. In this respect, some proponents of the contemporary realist turn emphasize that there is a philosophically relevant experience of being that can be understood as resistance. Beyond this statement, Hartmann’s analysis of the encounter with being is able to take into account the fact that different kinds of being touch us differently.
Brief aus Südkorea
Authors: Beuthan Ralf 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The following contribution attempts to outline the current situation of philosophy in South Korea. The thesis is advocated that the current situation cannot be understood solely in terms of history of philosophy or research-historical contexts, but that the specifics of Korean philosophy in research and teaching can only be adequately explained against the background of far-reaching and partly global political and cultural-historical contexts. On the basis of a general sketch of the historical situation in South Korea as well as on the basis of a few individual observations (common for the classic letter form) in everyday life outside and inside of the University, an attempt is made to capture typical features of philosophical life in Korea. Above all, the direct influence of global axes of conflict and the resulting accelerated dynamic of cultural changes on philosophy and its concrete forms in research and teaching should be made clear. In addition, the particularly pluralistic character of Korean philosophy can be understood in this way.
Extending balance assessment for the generalized propensity score under multiple imputation
Authors: Frank Anna-Simone J. , Matteson David S. , Solvang Hiroko K. , Lupattelli Angela , Nordeng Hedvig 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This manuscript extends the definition of the Absolute Standardized Mean Difference (ASMD) for binary exposure (M = 2) to cases for M > 2 on multiple imputed data sets. The Maximal Maximized Standardized Difference (MMSD) and the Maximal Averaged Standardized Difference (MASD) were proposed. For different percentages, missing data were introduced in covariates in the simulated data based on the missing at random (MAR) assumption. We then investigate the performance of these two metric definitions using simulated data of full and imputed data sets. The performance of the MASD and the MMSD were validated by relating the balance metrics to estimation bias. The results show that there is an association between the balance metrics and bias. The proposed balance diagnostics seem therefore appropriate to assess balance for the generalized propensity score (GPS) under multiple imputation.
Regression analysis of unmeasured confounding
Authors: Knaeble Brian , Osting Braxton , Abramson Mark A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
When studying the causal effect of x on y, researchers may conduct regression and report a confidence interval for the slope coefficient

β

x

${\beta }_{x}$

. This common confidence interval provides an assessment of uncertainty from sampling error, but it does not assess uncertainty from confounding. An intervention on x may produce a response in y that is unexpected, and our misinterpretation of the slope happens when there are confounding factors w. When w are measured we may conduct multiple regression, but when w are unmeasured it is common practice to include a precautionary statement when reporting the confidence interval, warning against unwarranted causal interpretation. If the goal is robust causal interpretation then we can do something more informative. Uncertainty, in the specification of three confounding parameters can be propagated through an equation to produce a confounding interval. Here, we develop supporting mathematical theory and describe an example application. Our proposed methodology applies well to studies of a continuous response or rare outcome. It is a general method for quantifying error from model uncertainty. Whereas, confidence intervals are used to assess uncertainty from unmeasured individuals, confounding intervals can be used to assess uncertainty from unmeasured attributes.
Hermeneutical Injustice, Contract Law, and Global Value Chains
Authors: Tjon Soei Len Lyn K.L. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Global value chains (GVCs) resist dominant contract framing, because presumptions about contract’s bilateral structure and party autonomy fail to capture the complex interconnections between private exchange relations. Contract law seems to obscure, rather than capture, the ways in which the relationships and experiences of various actors in GVCs are linked. This article argues that, in doing so, contract law contributes to systemic hermeneutical injustice. Systemic hermeneutical injustice captures how shared interpretative resources can render those in disadvantaged positions of social power unable to make intelligible that what is in their interest to render intelligible. The article’s primary aim is to show how this form of injustice bears on contract law and how it can function as an independent normative constraint on the institution of contract law.