bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Isolated Cobalt Sulfide Nanoparticles Encapsulated in 3D Hollow Nitrogen Doped Carbon Sheells for Superior Lithium and Sodium Storage
Authors: Huang Wei , Shangguan Huihui , Engelbrekt Christian , Zheng Xiaowen , Shen Fei , Xiao Xinxin , Ci Lijie , Si Pengchao , Zhang Jingdong 
Published: February 2020

Highly Isolated Cobalt Sulfide Nanoparticles Encapsulated in 3D Hollow Nitrogen Doped Carbon Sheells for Superior Lithium and Sodium Storage
Wei Huang, a, b Huihui Shangguan, b Christian Engelbrekt, a Xiaowen Zheng, b Fei Shen, a Xinxin Xiao, a Lijie Ci, b Pengchao Si b, * and Jingdong Zhang a, *

a Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.

b SDU & Rice Joint Center for Carbon Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, P. R. China.
Hollow materials derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) present a class of promising electrode materials for energy storage technology. Herein, we report the design and nanoengineering of highly isolated cobalt sulfide nanoparticles embedded in hollow nitrogen-doped carbon shells (Co9S8/HNCS) for superior lithium and sodium storage. Initially, hollow intermediates with preserved cobalt component were prepared by simultaneously dissociating cobalt containing zeolitic-imidazolate-frameworks-67 (ZIF-67), and polymerizing dopamine in a Tris-HCl solution (pH = 8.5). The poly-dopamine (PDA) wrapped intermediates inherited the polyhedron structure of the ZIF-67 crystals. The final Co9S8/HNCS composite was obtained via a combined carbonization and sulfurization treatment of the intermediates, allowing the formation of hollow polyhedrons of nitrogen-doped carbon layers (900 ± 100 nm) derived from PDA and the encapsulation of highly monodispersed cobalt sulfide nanoparticles (11 ± 2 nm). This configuration not only shortened the ionic diffusion distance, and accommodated volume expansion during lithium or sodium ion insertion/extraction, but also promoted the overall electronic conductivity, and provided more active sites during cycling. As a result, Co9S8/HNCS composite exhibited an impressive reversible capacity of 755 mA h g-1 at 500 mA g-1 after 200 cycles for lithium ion storage, and capacities of 327 mA h g-1 at 500 mA g-1 after 200 cycles and 224 mA h g-1 at 1000 mA g-1 after 300 cycles for sodium ion storage. Essential factors associated with the structural stability and changes during cycling have been identified and the discharge/charge mechanism has been discussed.

Figure 1
A Single Test Strip with Two Enzymes for Detecting Two Targets of Blood Sample
Authors: Hu Jun 
Published: February 2020

Diabetes is a metabolic disease affecting diabetic patients every day. According to the report from WHO in 2016, more than 500 million people have been suffered from diabetes mellitus worldwide and some 150 million Chinese people are diagnosed with the disease. Lactate levels in blood or tissues are correlated to the presence of several diseases such as tissue hypoxia, lactic acidosis and disorders derived from neoplasic diseases, thus the development of highly sensitive and reliable lactate monitoring methods are of great interest in clinical diagnostics and the field of sports medicine.
As these two substances mentioned above need to be tested in great amount daily, we described the development and fabrication of these two enzyme electrodes (glucose and lactate) integrating into a single test strip by using screen-printing technology. The twin electrodes test strip can be used to detect two targets in one drop of blood sample based on amperometric principle. This method offers the possibility of mass-production of test strips at easy way and cost effective. There have many investigations and studies for the different kind of biosensors respectively, but one shot leading to two test results with single test strip is rare commercially available in the market.
Result:

Fabrication of the twin test strip

Fig1. The scheme of the twin test strip

PE base support; 2, 3.silver conducting track; 4.silver/silver chloride layer; 5.carbon layer; 6.insulate layer; 7.hydrophilic membrane; 8. Spacer; 9.surface bonding; 10.enzyme layer

Conclusions
The twin test strip is compatible with commercially available platform of glucose testing system. This improvement substantially decreases the cost of detection and reduces sufferings of patients. Further, a multi-functional test strip such as 4-in-1 test strip is in developing in authors’ laboratory.
Reference

Hu, J., CN patent ZL 206531813U (2017)

Figure 1
Proteus vulgaris Microbial System for Urea Removal and Sensing in Synthetic Urine
Authors: Morales Myreisa , Cabrera Carlos R 
Published: February 2020

One of the most challenging problems when trying to recycle urine for different purposes is the removal of urea. In this project we studied an ureolysis system using the bacterium Proteus vulgaris for the transformation of urea to ammonia and its subsequent oxidation to nitrogen at a Pt electrode. Our system was tested under different conditions, e.g. pH, microbial reaction time, and urea and bacteria concentrations. Our results indicate that a pH 8 is optimal for the Proteus vulgaris urease activity and the ammonia oxidation reaction at a Pt electrode. The reaction time and concentration dependence on the produced ammonia oxidation reaction current densities was studied. Results also showed limited ammonia oxidation under high urea concentrations in ~ 2.5 x 109 cfu/mL Proteus vulgaris in synthetic urine. A sensing device was developed using the microbial reaction at a Pt microchip.
This work demonstrates the possibility of P. vulgaris being used for an ureolysis system for water recovery from synthetic urine (see Figure 1). The urea in urine solution was converted to ammonia by the bacterial urease. The ammonia oxidation reaction was detected by cyclic voltammetry. The optimal conditions for both processes, the urea to ammonia microbial conversion and ammonia oxidation electrochemical reaction, were determined. High concentrations of urea in the synthetic urine system may reduce the Pt electrode oxidation efficiency by urea poisoning. The bacteria concentration in the ureolysis system is crucial to avoid this ammonia oxidation reaction efficiency problem. For the average urea concentration in urine of 0.22 M, the current ammonia oxidation peak obtained may be improved by increasing the exposure time of the bacteria with the urine before the ammonia oxidation, or by increasing the bacteria concentration in order to increase the amount of urea converted to ammonia in an interval of time. Further improvements are needed to obtain ammonia oxidation reaction currents from the system in order to make a self-sustainable ureolysis system.
An electrochemical whole cell sensor for the detection of urea in synthetic urine was also developed. For this, a custom-made platinum miniature microchip electrode onto a Cyclic Olefin Copolymer (COC) substrate, utilizing lift-off photolithography technique was done. P. vulgaris was placed at the Pt electrode surface and exposed to different urea concentration in synthetic urine for urea electrochemical determination. Urea was indirectly monitored by electrochemically measuring the ammonia electro-oxidation liberated by the microbial urease. Results showed that a calibration curve was possible after measuring the ammonia oxidation peak density current vs. the urea concentration in synthetic urine solution

Figure 1
Mesoscale Rh Structures Electrocatalysis for Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Acidic Electrolyte
Authors: Hwang Gyu Soep , Kim Yang-Rae 
Published: February 2020

Today, people are concerned environment pollution and energy crisis as a consequence of using fossil fuel. To solve these problems, conventional energy sources need to alternate another energy sources. Fuel cell is expected to be one of promising energy sources because it allows high energy density with little environment contamination. Hydrogen evolution and oxygen reduction are main reactions which convert chemical energy into electricity at fuel cell. However, the major drawback is that these reactions typically need platinum-based electrocatalysts for high performance. But they have some disadvantages such as high cost and carbon monoxide poisoning, For substitution to platinum, it is significantly important to design and synthesize new catalysts.
In this study, mesoscale Rh structures have been employed for hydrogen evolution and oxygen reduction reactions. We used three Rh materials with shell, frame, porous mesoscale structures. It is expected that they show highly electrocatalytic activity because they have abundant exposed active sites and accessible surfaces. Herein, we mainly investigated electrocatalytic performances of these Rh electrocatalysts in a view of kinetics, electrochemical active surface area, lower electrochemical resistance than commercial catalyst, and electrocatalytic durability.
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Rodriguez-Galindo Carlos , Allen Carl E. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is caused by clonal expansion of myeloid precursors that differentiate into CD1a+/CD207+ cells in lesions that leads to a spectrum of organ involvement and dysfunction. The pathogenic cells are defined by constitutive activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Treatment of LCH is risk-adapted: patients with single lesions may respond well to local treatment, whereas patients with multisystem disease require systemic therapy. Although survival rates for patients without organ dysfunction is excellent, mortality rates for patients with organ dysfunction may reach 20%. Despite progress made in the treatment of LCH, disease reactivation rates remain above 30%, and standard second-line treatment is yet to be established. Treatment failure is associated with increased risks for death and long-term morbidity, including LCH-associated neurodegeneration. Early case series report promising clinical responses in patients with relapsed and refractory LCH treated with BRAF or MEK inhibitors, although potential for this strategy to achieve cure remains uncertain.
Association of clinical severity with FANCB variant type in Fanconi anemia
Authors: Jung Moonjung , Ramanagoudr-Bhojappa Ramanagouda , van Twest Sylvie , Rosti Rasim Ozgur , Murphy Vincent , Tan Winnie , Donovan Frank X. , Lach Francis P. , Kimble Danielle C. , Jiang Caroline S. , Vaughan Roger , Mehta Parinda A. , Pierri Filomena , Dufour Carlo , Auerbach Arleen D. , Deans Andrew J. , Smogorzewska Agata , Chandrasekharappa Settara C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFanconi anemia (FA) is the most common genetic cause of bone marrow failure and is caused by inherited pathogenic variants in any of 22 genes. Of these, only FANCB is X-linked. We describe a cohort of 19 children with FANCB variants, from 16 families of the International Fanconi Anemia Registry. Those with FANCB deletion or truncation demonstrate earlier-than-average onset of bone marrow failure and more severe congenital abnormalities compared with a large series of FA individuals in published reports. This reflects the indispensable role of FANCB protein in the enzymatic activation of FANCD2 monoubiquitination, an essential step in the repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks. For FANCB missense variants, more variable severity is associated with the extent of residual FANCD2 monoubiquitination activity. We used transcript analysis, genetic complementation, and biochemical reconstitution of FANCD2 monoubiquitination to determine the pathogenicity of each variant. Aberrant splicing and transcript destabilization were associated with 2 missense variants. Individuals carrying missense variants with drastically reduced FANCD2 monoubiquitination in biochemical and/or cell-based assays tended to show earlier onset of hematologic disease and shorter survival. Conversely, variants with near-normal FANCD2 monoubiquitination were associated with more favorable outcome. Our study reveals a genotype-phenotype correlation within the FA-B complementation group of FA, where severity is associated with level of residual FANCD2 monoubiquitination.
Identification of microRNAs in developing wheat grain that are potentially involved in regulating grain characteristics and the response to nitrogen levels
Authors: Hou Gege , Du Chenyang , Gao Honghuan , Liu Sujun , Sun Wan , Lu Hongfang , Kang Juan , Xie Yingxin , Ma Dongyun , Wang Chenyang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in the regulation of plant development and growth, but little information is available concerning their roles during grain development under different nitrogen (N) application levels. Our objective was to identify miRNAs related to the regulation of grain characteristics and the response to different N fertilizer conditions.

Results
A total of 79 miRNAs (46 known and 33 novel miRNAs) were identified that showed significant differential expression during grain development under both high nitrogen (HN) and low nitrogen (LN) treatments. The miRNAs that were significantly upregulated early in grain development target genes involved mainly in cell differentiation, auxin-activated signaling, and transcription, which may be associated with grain size; miRNAs abundant in the middle and later stages target genes mainly involved in carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism, transport, and kinase activity and may be associated with grain filling. Additionally, we identified 50 miRNAs (22 known and 28 novel miRNAs), of which 11, 9, and 39 were differentially expressed between the HN and LN libraries at 7, 17, and 27 days after anthesis (DAA). The miRNAs that were differentially expressed in response to nitrogen conditions target genes involved mainly in carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism, the defense response, and transport as well as genes that encode ubiquitin ligase. Only one novel miRNA (PC-5p-2614_215) was significantly upregulated in response to LN treatment at all three stages, and 21 miRNAs showed significant differential expression between HN and LN conditions only at 27 DAA. We therefore propose a model for target gene regulation by miRNAs during grain development with N-responsive patterns.

Conclusions
The potential targets of the identified miRNAs are related to various biological processes, such as carbohydrate/nitrogen metabolism, transcription, cellular differentiation, transport, and defense. Our results indicate that miRNA-mediated networks, via posttranscriptional regulation, play crucial roles in grain development and the N response, which determine wheat grain weight and quality. Our study provides useful information for future research of regulatory mechanisms that focus on improving grain yield and quality.
Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis: a rare case and review of literature
Authors: Drevinskaite Mingaile , Patasius Ausvydas , Kevlicius Lukas , Mickys Ugnius , Smailyte Giedre 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis is a rare tumour which comprises less than 1% of all mesotheliomas.

Case presentation
69-years old patient with painful hard mass and hydrocele in the right scrotum to whom a right hydrocelectomy was performed. Any history of scrotal trauma or exposure to asbestos was not present. Excisional biopsy revealed a multinodular tumour with focal areas of necrosis and infiltrative growth. According to morphological and immunohistochemical findings, diagnosis of malignant biphasic mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis was made. Two months after hydrocelectomy, right inguinal orchidectomy was performed. Post-surgical whole body CT scan revealed paraaortic and pararenal lymphadenopathy, likely to be metastatic. Adjuvant treatment with 6 cycles of cisplatin and pemetrexed was applied. After 3 cycles of chemotherapy, CT scan showed progression and the treatment was changed to gemcitabine 1 month after.

Conclusions
Although malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis is a rare malignancy, it poses a diagnostic challenge which can mimic common inguinal or scrotal diseases such as hydrocele. Despite aggressive surgical procedures or adjuvant therapies, the prognosis remains poor.
Syntenin overexpression in human lung cancer tissue and serum is associated with poor prognosis
Authors: Luo Pengyong , Yang Xuli , Huang Shiren , Feng Shu , Ou Zongxing 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Lung cancer is the major malignant tumour. The present study was conducted to determine the expression level of syntenin in lung cancer tissues and serum from lung cancer patients and to explore its clinical significance.

Methods
Syntenin expression levels were determined in paraffin-embedded lung cancer tissue specimens (n = 191) using immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expressions of syntenin in fresh lung cancer tissues and the paracancerous tissues were examined by RT-qPCR (n = 25). Syntenin and VEGF expression levels were measured in serum from patients with lung cancer (n = 60) and control subjects (n = 30) using ELISA. The associations between syntenin and the clinicopathological features or prognosis in 191 patients with lung cancer were analysed. The correlation between the syntenin and VEGF levels in serum from 60 lung cancer patients was analysed.

Results
The expression levels of syntenin were significantly higher in lung cancer tissues than in paracancerous tissues based on immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR, and elevated syntenin expression was significantly associated with tumour size (P = 0.002), TNM stage (P = 0.020), tumour distant metastasis (P = 0.033), overall survival (OS) (P = 0.002) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that increased expression of syntenin was an independent risk factor for OS (P = 0.006) and PFS (P < 0.001) in lung cancer patients. The expression levels of syntenin and VEGF in serum from lung cancer patients were higher than those from control subjects (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively), and their expression levels were positively correlated (r = 0.49, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Syntenin expression is upregulated in lung cancer patients, and its serum expression level is positively correlated with VEGF. Moreover, syntenin overexpression was correlated with poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer.
Psychometric properties of the Persian version of postpartum distress measure scale
Authors: Shokuhi Zahra Bakht , Ranjbar Fatemeh , Hakimi Sevil , Bahri Rogayeh , Ghaffarifar Saeideh 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The purpose of the present study was to determine psychometric properties of the Persian version of Postpartum Distress Measure Scale (PDM Scale).

Methods
In this psychometric explorative study, the data were collected using a questionnaire containing demographic information, PDM Scale, and Depression and Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). The content, face and construct validity of the questionnaire was examined with participation of ten experts, 10 and 150 women referring to health care centers, who were under common care during their postpartum period, respectively. The concurrent validity of the tool was evaluated using DASS-21. The reliability of the items was evaluated with the participation of 30 women, calculating Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and intra-class correlation coefficient.

Results
The Content Validity Index, Content Validity Ratio and Impact Score of the Persian version of the PDM were 0.94, 0.73, and 2.97, respectively. The ten items of the questionnaire were loaded in two factors (general distress and obsessive compulsive symptoms subscale). Those two factors explained 50.78% of the total variance of women’s distress. Internal consistency of the items and stability of the results were confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha of 0.72 and Intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.75.

Conclusion
According to the study results, the Persian version of PDM Scale has acceptable psychometric properties. Care providers and researchers can use it as a tool for screening anxiety, depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder in women.
Barriers and enablers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst individuals with depression and anxiety: quantitative analyses using a behaviour change framework
Authors: Fancourt Daisy , Baxter Louise , Lorencatto Fabiana 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
There is a large literature on the health benefits of engagement with the arts. However, there are also well-recognised challenges in ensuring equity of engagement with these activities. Specifically, it remains unclear whether individuals with poor mental health experience more barriers to participation. This study used a behaviour change framework to explore barriers to engagement in participatory arts activities amongst people with either depression or anxiety.

Methods
Data were drawn from a large citizen science experiment focused on participation in creative activities. Participants who reported engaging infrequently in performing arts, visual arts, design and crafts, literature-related activities, and online, digital and electronic arts were included and categorised into no mental health problems (n = 1851), depression but not anxiety (n = 873) and anxiety but not depression (n = 808). Barriers and enablers to engagement were measured using an 18-item scale based on the COM-B Self-Evaluation Questionnaire, with subscales assessing psychological and physical capabilities, social and physical opportunities, and automatic and reflective motivations. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify whether individuals with either depression or anxiety reported greater barriers across any of the six domains than individuals without any mental health problems. Where differences were found, we calculated the percentage of protective association explained by various demographic, socio-economic, social, physical or geographical factors.

Results
Individuals with depression and anxiety felt they would be more likely to engage in arts activities if they had greater psychological and physical capabilities, more social opportunities, and stronger automatic and reflective motivations to engage. However, they did not feel that more physical opportunities would affect their engagement. Covariates explained only 8–37% of the difference in response amongst those with and without anxiety and depression.

Conclusions
Findings suggest that for individuals with poor mental health, there are certain barriers to participation that are not felt as strongly by those without any mental health problems. Mapping the behaviour change domains to potential interventions, activities that focus on increasing perceived capabilities, providing social opportunities, and reinforcing both automatic and reflective motivations to engage has the potential to help to redress the imbalance in arts participation amongst those with poor mental health.