bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PDCT-16. A PHASE I STUDY OF SUBEROYLANILIDE HYDROXAMIC ACID (SAHA) WITH TEMSIROLIMUS IN CHILDREN WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED OR PROGRESSIVE DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMA (DIPG)
Authors: Khatua Soumen , Chandra Joya , Gopalakrishnan Vidya , Ketonen Leena , Johnson Michael , Sandberg David , Fuller Greg , Morrell Miriam , Meador Heather , Bolton Krystal , Butterworth Ginger , Mukheef Farah , Sadighi Zsila , Zaky Wafik 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) in children remains essentially incurable with a median survival of 12 months. Radiation therapy is currently the standard treatment modality. To date chemotherapy or biologic agents have had no meaningful increase in survival. Data from biopsied DIPG showed the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway as a major oncogenic player. Thus targeting these pathways with mTOR inhibitors could hold promise. Genomic and epigenetic insights have shown the role of histone deacetylase (HDAC) in these tumors. Both temsirolimus (mTOR inhibitor) and SAHA (HDAC inhibitor) are well described in pediatric clinical trials with an established maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for phase II studies. This is the first ongoing phase I multi-targeted therapeutic study, in pediatric DIPG, using SAHA and temsirolimus in a combinatorial approach, targeting the key oncogenic pathway and molecules (NCT02420613 currently recruiting). Patients with a performance score of 50 or greater, with newly diagnosed (Stratum I), or progressive (stratum II) DIPG will be eligible. Biopsy is not mandatory. A standard 3 + 3 design is being used for this study. 1 dose escalation and 2 dose de-escalations are permitted beyond the starting dose level. In stratum I patients receive radiation therapy concurrently with vorinostat on the days of radiation, followed by adjuvant therapy with vorinostat and temsirolimus for 10 cycles if they do not have progressive disease. In stratum II patients receive vorinostat and temsirolimus for 12 cycles (28 day cycle), if they do not have progressive disease. Correlative studies evaluating histone acetylation, phosphorylated 70S6K and Akt are being performed. Currently 5 patients have been enrolled, and the study is at the dose escalation level with no dose limiting toxicity (DLT) seen so far. Safety, adverse effects, biological correlatives, and clinical outcomes will be reported once study is completed.
Adapting an evidence-based positive youth development intervention to prevent sexual and teen dating violence
Authors: Eisman Andria B , Hicks Megan , Kernsmith Poco D , Rupp Laney , Smith-Darden Joanne P , Zimmerman Marc A 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAdapting evidence-based interventions (EBIs) guided by implementation science frameworks is a promising way to accelerate the translation of effective violence prevention in schools. School-based interventions offer an opportunity to reduce the risk of multiple forms of violence, including sexual violence (SV) and teen dating violence (TDV). EBIs in schools reach large populations of adolescents, including those underserved in other settings. Although specific SV/TDV prevention programs exist, evaluations indicate limited effectiveness over time. We adapted systematically the Youth Empowerment Solutions (YES) violence-prevention EBI using key adaptation steps described in implementation science frameworks to expand the scope of YES to integrate an SV/TDV focus and meet the needs of local youth. In the formative project year, the team adapted YES to integrate SV/TDV content informed by key steps outlined in frameworks including ADAPT-ITT, research-tested intervention programs, and map of the adaptation process. These steps include: (a) assess school and student needs, (b) identify, select an EBI, (c) consult with experts with knowledge in the new topic area (SV/TDV), (d) collaborate with community partners and stakeholders, (e) identify areas for adaptation while maintaining fidelity to core elements, (f) train staff, (g) pilot test adapted materials, (h) implement, and (i) evaluate. We developed the YES for Healthy Relationships (YES-HR), a school-based prevention program that retained core elements of YES, including content related to mastery, adult resources, leadership skills, and community engagement, while integrating SV/TDV-specific content (e.g., consent). Implementation science adaptation frameworks are useful in guiding the systematic adaptation of existing EBIs to meet the needs of youth.
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS)
Authors: Echeverria-Villalobos Marco , Stoicea Nicoleta , Todeschini Alexandre B. , Fiorda-Diaz Juan , Uribe Alberto A. , Weaver Tristan , Bergese Sergio D. 
Published: December 2019

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to review the current scientific evidence on the role of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) implementations in reducing postoperative opioid consumption and their potential association with the risk reduction for long-term opioid use, physical opioid dependency, and opioid addiction.

Methods:
A literature search was conducted using the following medical subject heading keywords: “postoperative pain,” “postoperative pain management,” “multimodal analgesia,” “ERAS,” “Enhanced Recovery,” “opioid-free analgesia,” or “opioid crisis.”

Discussion:
Identification and management of pre-existing psychosocial factors, comorbid pain entities, and chronic opioid use have a significant impact on the severity of postoperative pain. Different multimodal analgesia approaches have been associated with reduced postoperative pain scores and opioid consumption. Health care providers, patients, and family members should recognize the advantages of opioid-free analgesia techniques in postoperative pain management. As part of ERAS protocols, transitional pain services may consider current therapeutic alternatives for acute and long-term pain management that include minimizing perioperative opioid use and establishing adequate opioid prescription practices.
Hierarchical Models for International Comparisons
Authors: Disney George , Gurrin Lyle , Aitken Zoe , Emerson Eric , Milner Allison , Kavanagh Anne , Petrie Dennis 
Published: December 2019

Background:International comparisons of social inequalities in health outcomes and behaviors are challenging. Due to the level of disaggregation often required, data can be sparse and methods to make adequately powered comparisons are lacking. We aimed to illustrate the value of a hierarchical Bayesian approach that partially pools country-level estimates, reducing the influence of sampling variation and increasing the stability of estimates. We also illustrate a new way of simultaneously displaying the uncertainty of both relative and absolute inequality estimates.Methods:We used the 2014 European Social Survey to estimate smoking prevalence, absolute, and relative inequalities for men and women with and without disabilities in 21 European countries. We simultaneously display smoking prevalence for people without disabilities (x-axis), absolute (y-axis), and relative inequalities (contour lines), capturing the uncertainty of these estimates by plotting a 2-D normal approximation of the posterior distribution from the full probability (Bayesian) analysis.Results:Our study confirms that across Europe smoking prevalence is generally higher for people with disabilities than for those without. Our model shifts more extreme prevalence estimates that are based on fewer observations, toward the European mean.Conclusions:We demonstrate the utility of partial pooling to make adequately powered estimates of inequality, allowing estimates from countries with smaller sample sizes to benefit from the increased precision of the European average. Including uncertainty on our inequality plot provides a useful tool for evaluating both the geographical patterns of variation in, and strength of evidence for, differences in social inequalities in health.
Inhibition of TRPA1 Promotes Cardiac Repair in Mice After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Li Ruoshui , Liu Rongchen , Yan Fangying , Zhuang Xinyu , Shi Haiming , Gao Xiufang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract:
Recent studies have shown that TRPA1, a nonselective cation channel with high permeability to calcium, is expressed in many tissues of the cardiovascular system and is involved in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of TRPA1 in cardiac repair after myocardial infarction (MI) has not been clearly defined. The aim of this study was to confirm whether inhibition of TRPA1 could attenuate MI-induced cardiac ischemia injury. The C57BL/6 mice were subjected to ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and treated with TRPA1-specific inhibitor HC-030031 (HC) for 4 weeks. Echocardiography was performed to assess cardiac function. The results showed that HC significantly attenuated MI-induced cardiac dysfunction 4 weeks after MI. Similarly, HC reduced cardiac fibrosis and cell apoptosis after MI and significantly increased angiogenesis in the border zone of the infarct. In vitro, we found that HC promoted the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Importantly, HC treatment decreased phosphatase and tensin homolog expression and augmented the expression of phosphorylated Akt in the myocardium post MI and HUVECs. However, treatment of HUVECs with a PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, before HC administration almost completely abolished HC-induced migration in HUVECs. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the inhibition of TRPA1 promotes angiogenesis after MI, thereby alleviating myocardial ischemia injury via mechanisms involving inhibition of phosphatase and tensin homolog expression and subsequent activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling.
Establishing a Protocol for Closed Treatment of Mandibular Condyle Fractures with Dynamic Elastic Therapy
Authors: Kamel George N. , De Ruiter Brandon J. , Baghdasarian Daniel , Mostafa Evan , Levin Avinoam , Davidson Edward H. 
Published: December 2019

Summary:
Treatment of mandibular condyle fractures is controversial. Open treatment achieves anatomic reduction with occlusal stability and faster functional recovery but risks facial nerve injury and jeopardizes joint capsule circulation which can lead to bone resorption. Traditional closed treatment avoids these issues but requires prolonged fixation and risks subsequent facial asymmetry, occlusal disturbance, and ankylosis. Rather than wires, closed treatment with elastics allows for customizable management of a healing fracture with ability to alter vector and degree of traction to restore vertical height and occlusion with less discomfort and decreased risk for ankylosis. In this protocol, unilateral condylar fractures were treated with class II elastics ipsilateral to injury and class I contralaterally. Class III elastics were used contralaterally if additional traction was required and Class II elastics were placed bilaterally for bilateral fractures. Patients were sequentially advanced from fixating to guiding to supportive elastics by titrating elastic vector to any dental midline incongruency or chin deviation. Six patients were treated with this protocol with six-month follow-up. Fracture patterns included displaced and dislocated fractures as well as intracapsular and extracapsular condylar fractures. All patients at completion of the protocol had objective centric occlusion with no subjective malocclusion, chin deviation, facial asymmetry, or temporomandibular joint pain. These early data demonstrate a safe and efficacious innovative protocol for closed treatment of mandibular condylar fractures with dynamic elastic therapy.
Comparing Dry Eye Disease After Small Incision Lenticule Extraction and Laser Subepithelial Keratomileusis
Authors: Chung Byunghoon , Choi Moonjung , Lee Keun Young , Kim Eung Kweon , Seo Kyoung Yul , Jun Ikhyun , Kim Kang Yoon , Kim Tae-im 
Published: December 2019

Purpose:
To compare dry eye disease parameters between small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and laser subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK).

Methods:
This prospective, nonrandomized study included 39 eyes of 39 patients who underwent SMILE (n = 19) and LASEK (n = 20). Dry eye disease parameters included Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), tear breakup time, Schirmer I test (SIT) value, corneal esthesiometry result, tear meniscus area, meibomian gland evaluation result, lipid layer thickness, and blink rate. Evaluations were performed before surgery and at 1 and 6 months after surgery.

Results:
Compared with the LASEK group, the SMILE group showed lower corneal esthesiometry values at 1 month and higher OSDI scores and lower SIT values at 6 months after surgery. The SMILE group showed significantly higher OSDI scores at 1 and 6 months after surgery than before, but significantly lower OSDI scores at 6 months than at 1 month after surgery. Both groups showed significantly decreased corneal sensitivity at 1 month after surgery, which increased to the preoperative level 6 months after surgery. The change in OSDI scores at 1 month after surgery positively correlated with changes in the total and partial blink rates, whereas the change in corneal sensitivity at 1 month after surgery negatively correlated with the total and partial blink rates.

Conclusions:
Both SMILE and LASEK groups showed temporary decreases in corneal sensitivity, which recovered to baseline levels. Although subjective symptoms worsened after SMILE, SIT values improved after LASEK. Compared with SMILE, LASEK yielded better results regarding subjective symptoms, tear production, and corneal sensitivity.
Ultrasonic Aspiration for Debulking Infiltrative Masses of the Orbit
Authors: Sun Susan Y. , Stewart Krista , Lyford-Pike Sofia , Garrity James A. , Harrison Andrew R. , Mokhtarzadeh Ali 
Published: December 2019

Purpose:
To demonstrate the utility of an ultrasonic aspirator (Sonopet, Stryker Corporation; Kalamazoo, MI) for debulking firm, soft tissue masses of the orbit.

Methods:
Case series. The ultrasonic aspirator was used to debulk firm, soft tissue masses in 3 cases. The initial patient had a large orbitofacial mass extending to the inferior and lateral orbital apex secondary to IgG4 disease. The second patient had a lacrimal sac adenocarcinoma extending to the medial orbital apex. The third patient had a large orbital mass extending to the apex secondary to granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

Results:
The ultrasonic aspirator facilitated debulking of infiltrative firm soft tissue masses of the orbit. The device’s ability to emulsify, irrigate, and aspirate, along with its small footprint, facilitated precise sculpting and debulking to an extent which would have been difficult otherwise due to location.

Conclusions:
The ultrasonic aspirator allows precise sculpting of infiltrative firm soft tissue masses in the orbit and is particularly useful in cases with challenging anatomical access.
Serous Ovarian Cancer Caused by Exposure to Asbestos and Fibrous Talc in Cosmetic Talc Powders—A Case Series
Authors: Steffen Joan E. , Tran Triet , Yimam Muna , Clancy Kate M. , Bird Tess B. , Rigler Mark , Longo William , Egilman David S. 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
Asbestos is a known cause of ovarian cancer. We report 10 cases of serous ovarian cancer among users of Johnson & Johnson (J&J) asbestos-containing “cosmetic” talc products.

Methods:
We conducted an asbestos exposure assessment during talc application and analyzed surgical tissues and talc containers for asbestos and talc.

Results:
Talc was found in all cases and tremolite and/or anthophyllite asbestos was found in 8/10 cases. The asbestos fibers found in the “cosmetic” talc containers matched those found in tissues. We estimated inhaled asbestos dose ranged from 0.38 to 5.18 fiber years.

Conclusion:
We provide evidence that the inhaled dose of asbestos/fibrous talc from “cosmetic” talc use causes ovarian cancer. The unique combination of the types of asbestiform minerals detected in cancerous tissue and “cosmetic” talc is a fingerprint for exposure to asbestos-containing talc.
Using compression therapy in a primary care setting to treat complications of chronic venous insufficiency
Authors: Love Sherry , White Justin R. , Vestal Brittney 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background:
Patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) are prone to developing complications such as slow-healing venous leg ulcers.

Local Problem:
Nurse practitioners can assess patients for complications of CVI during routine examinations. If found, they can implement compression therapy and possibly prevent the development of slow-healing venous leg ulcers.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of patient occurrences with complications due to CVI between 2011 and 2018 was conducted to evaluate patient outcomes when treated with compression therapy by their primary care providers (PCPs). Patients were identified by the Unna boot's Current Procedural Technology code, the compression therapy used by the providers. Patients included in the review had the diagnosis of or symptoms of CVI. Patient outcomes were identified as improved, unchanged, or deteriorated.

Interventions:
The use of compression therapy for patients with documented complication of CVI. The Unna boot was the compression device used at this practice.

Results:
There were 60 occurrences distributed among 40 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Of the 60 occurrences, 54 or 90% of patient occurrences had an improvement of symptoms. According to the Wound Healing Society Guidelines, high compression therapy, such as the Unna boot, is classified as most supportive, for treatment of venous ulcers.

Conclusions:
The results of this study demonstrate the positive impact PCPs, including nurse practitioners, may have when initiating compression therapy for patients with complications of CVI.
Deciphering the biological activity of propolis (bee glue) and its constituents; what is its potential as an antimicrobial?
Authors: Escalada Margarita Gomez 
Published: December 2019

Area of expertise: I have a very strong background on the action of antimicrobials and their resistance, I originally trained on the study of disinfectant mechanisms of action and resistance with a number of publications on the topic. For some years I have investigated the antimicrobial properties of plant extracts such as tinctures and oils as well as specific phytochemicals. More recently, through a collaboration with a company in North Yorkshire I have become involved in the study of propolis, a product of the hive. Propolis is a resinous substance used by the bees for protection. It is highly complex, comprising in excess of 300 different chemicals; it is also very variable as its chemical composition depends on the time of year collected, the plants the bees are harvesting from and thus the geographical location.
In my group we are utilising our expertise to study the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of propolis from different geographical locations in order to establish a link between the different aspects of biological activity with chemical composition. We are also investigating the effect of propolis on biofilm formation and quorum sensing, as well as its effects on antibiotic resistance.

Future goals: There is general awareness of the potential of propolis, from researchers and clinicians alike. However, understanding of this amazing product is relatively limited particularly regarding its biological activity as most of the research has been carried out by chemists analysing the different components. We would like to further understand the extent of the biological activity of propolis particularly regarding its antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. So that in the future we will be able to elucidate its mechanism (or most likely mechanisms) of action.
The main hurdles we currently face is regarding solubility which makes the use of established methodologies such as MICs very challenging. We are looking for researchers with experience in alternatives to these tests, particularly for test compounds with very limited solubility, as many phytochemicals are.
It has been suggested by colleagues that perhaps it would be necessary to investigate the effects of propolis on the whole organism at the molecular level, and thus carry out genomic and proteomic analysis following exposure to propolis. We would like to make links with researchers with experience of this kind of analysis to help us further understand the outcome of this kind of investigations. In the longer term in order to be able to work towards conducting clinical trials we would benefit from contacts with researchers that have taken work through this process.
Establishment of a stable subgenomic dengue virus type 1 replicon system in Aedes albopictus mosquito cells for identification of DENV transmission blocking molecules
Authors: Patel Sameera , Besson Benoit , Rij Ronald van , Dechering Koen 
Published: December 2019

To combat DENV transmission, we aim to screen for molecules that target mosquito host cell factors playing a role in the viral replication, consequently inhibiting the replication of virus in the mosquito. Use case scenarios for such compounds include human mass drug administration in endemic populations, application in sugar baits or bed-nets.
In order to accomplish this, we have set up high throughput screening (HTS) using viral replication inhibition assays. We describe here the generation of a novel stable Nanoluciferase-reporter based dengue replicon system in U4.4 mosquito cells. The U4.4-DENV1 replicon cell line has been stably and successfully maintained for over 30 passages without significant loss of reporter signal. In order to characterize the cell line further, the cells were subjected to treatment with antiviral compound and viral inhibition was observed with ribavirin (IC50 =1.69 × 10-6M) and siRNA against NS3. For the purpose of HTS, viral inhibition, cytotoxicity and luciferase interference assays were established on a 384-well plate using the cryopreserved U4.4_DENV1 replicon cells. The latter two were used as deselection assays to differentiate between false- and true- positives. To conclude, we have developed a robust screening cascade to identify small molecules that may act as transmission blocking compounds. Screening of a chemical diversity library is ongoing and the results will be presented at the meeting.