bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mexican record of circum–Gulf of Mexico Jurassic depositional systems and climate
Authors: Garza Roberto S. Molina , Lawton* Timothy F. , Guadarrama Alberto Figueroa , Pindell James 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Jurassic northward migration of Mexico, which lay on the southern part of the North America plate, resulted in temporal evolution of climate-sensitive depositional environments. Lower–Middle Jurassic rocks in central Mexico contain a record of warm-humid conditions, indicated by coal, plant fossils, and compositionally mature sandstone deposited in continental environments. Paleomagnetic data for central Oaxaca and other regions of central and eastern Mexico indicate that Lower and Middle Jurassic rocks were deposited at near-equatorial paleolatitudes. In the Late Jurassic, the Gulf of Mexico formed as a subsidiary basin of the Atlantic Ocean when the Pangea supercontinent ruptured. Upper Jurassic strata across Mexico, including eolianite and widespread evaporite deposits, indicate dry-arid conditions. Available paleomagnetic data (compaction-corrected) from southern and northeast Mexico for Upper Jurassic strata indicate deposition at ~15°N–20°N. As North America moved northward during Jurassic opening of the Atlantic Ocean, different latitudinal regions experienced coeval Middle–Late Jurassic climatic shifts. Climate transitions have been widely recognized in the Colorado Plateau region. The plateau left the horse latitudes in the late Middle Jurassic to reach temperate humid climates at ~40°N in the latest Jurassic. Affected by the same northward drift, the southern end of the North America plate represented by central Mexico gradually reached the arid horse latitudes in the late Middle Jurassic as the Colorado Plateau was leaving them. As a result, Late Jurassic epeiric platforms developed in the circum–Gulf of Mexico region after a long period of margin extension and were surrounded by arid land masses. We propose that hydrocarbon source-rock deposition was facilitated by arid conditions and wind-induced coastal upwelling.
Internal versus external locations of the South China Craton within Rodinia during the Cryogenian: Provenance history of the Nanhua Basin
Authors: Zhu Guangyou , Liu Huichuan , Zhang Tingting , Chen Weiyan , Xiao Jianwei , Zhao Kun , Yan Huihui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractContrasting models for internal versus external locations of the South China Craton (SCC) in the supercontinent Rodinia and associated mantle plume or ocean subduction dominated tectonic processes can be resolved by detrital zircon U-Pb dating and Lu-Hf isotopic analyses on the Cryogenian Nanhua Supergroup in the central SCC. Our results show that samples from the lower Liantuo, Tiesi’ao, and Datangpo formations of the Nanhua Supergroup show three age peaks at 2.50 Ga, 2.05 Ga, and 0.85 Ga, and those of the upper Nantuo Formation yield four peaks at 2.50 Ga, 2.05 Ga, 0.85 Ga, and 0.65 Ga. The Archean and Paleoproterozoic (1.80–2.10 Ga) zircons have εHf(t) values of −16.3 to +4.7 and −23.0 to +4.2, and may be sourced from the Kongling and Douling complexes and Paleoproterozoic intrusions in the northern Yangtze Block, respectively. Early Neoproterozoic (0.70–0.96 Ga) zircon grains show variable εHf(t) values of −20.0 to +15.0. In combination with the absence of Mesoproterozoic detrital zircons in the Nanhua Supergroup, huge volumes of Neoproterozoic granitic intrusions in the northern Yangtze Block are the potential sources for the 0.70–0.96 Ga detrital zircons. Only the siltstone of the Nantuo Formation has late Neoproterozoic (0.63–0.69 Ga) detrital zircons with high and positive εHf(t) values (+7.9 to +9.4). Several granitoid intrusions (0.63–0.68 Ga) in the Wudang and Ankang uplift of the South Qinling belt in the northern Yangtze Block provide the late Neoproterozoic detrital zircons of the Nantuo Formation. These provenance analyses of the Nanhua Supergroup indicate an interior source from the SCC, rather than an exterior source from the Laurentia and Australia cratons. The Neoproterozoic rift basins and magmatic rocks in the SCC were produced by secular episodic subductions and back-arc extensions, rather than a Neoproterozoic super-mantle plume. The SCC occupied a peripheral position adjacent to northern India in Rodinia during the Neoproterozoic. These conclusions will promote our understanding of genetic mechanism and distribution prediction of the several Cryogenian–Cambrian black-shale layers and excellent source rocks in the SCC.
Peripapillary vessel parameters and mean ocular perfusion pressure in young healthy eyes: OCT angiography study
Authors: Yun Young In , Kim Yong Woo , Lim Hyung Bin , Lee Dong Hyun , Kim Ji Hong , Oh Baek-Lok , Jeoung Jin Wook , Park Ki Ho 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundTo investigate the relationship between estimated mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP) and peripapillary perfusion density (PD) or vessel density (VD) as measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in young healthy eyes.Methods132 healthy participants (264 eyes) under 45 years of age underwent optic disc OCTA scan sized 3×3 mm to acquire PD and VD in the superficial vascular complex (SVC). Optic nerve head (ONH) parameters including retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness, rim area and disc area were measured. MOPP was estimated from systemic blood pressure and intraocular pressure (IOP). A linear mixed model was used to find the systemic and ocular factors associated with PD and VD.ResultsThe average age of the subjects was 25.8±6.5 years. PD and VD showed a significant correlation with RNFL thickness (r=0.224, p<0.001 and r=0.214, p<0.001, respectively), but with MOPP, the correlation was only marginally significant (r=0.105, p=0.09 and r=0.112, p=0.07, respectively). After controlling for confounding factors, including age, sex, IOP, central corneal thickness, axial length and OCTA signal strength, PD and VD were significantly associated with ONH parameters (all p<0.05) but not with estimated MOPP (all p>0.05).ConclusionPD and VD in the SVC were significantly associated with ONH parameters while showing no association with estimated MOPP. OCTA-derived VD may not represent perfusion pressure, but is rather more dependent on peripapillary structure.
Photophobia: shared pathophysiology underlying dry eye disease, migraine and traumatic brain injury leading to central neuroplasticity of the trigeminothalamic pathway
Authors: Diel Ryan J , Mehra Divy , Kardon Randy , Buse Dawn C , Moulton Eric , Galor Anat 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundPhotophobia is a potentially debilitating symptom often found in dry eye disease (DE), migraine and traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsWe conducted a review of the literature via a PubMed search of English language articles with a focus on how photophobia may relate to a shared pathophysiology across DE, migraine and TBI.ResultsDE, migraine and TBI are common conditions in the general population, are often comorbid, and share photophobia as a symptom. Across the three conditions, neural dysregulation of peripheral and central nervous system components is implicated in photophobia in various animal models and in humans. Enhanced activity of the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is closely linked to photophobia. Current therapies for photophobia include glasses which shield the eyes from specific wavelengths, botulinum toxin, and inhibition of CGRP and its receptor. Many individuals have persistent photophobia despite the use of these therapies, and thus, development of new therapies is needed.ConclusionsThe presence of photophobia in DE, migraine and TBI suggests shared trigeminothalamic pathophysiologic mechanisms, as explained by central neuroplasticity and hypersensitivity mediated by neuropeptide CGRP. Treatment strategies which target neural pathways (ie, oral neuromodulators, transcutaneous nerve stimulation) should be considered in patients with persistent photophobia, specifically in individuals with DE whose symptoms are not controlled with traditional therapies.
Secular trends in postpartum weight retention from 2003 to 2012: a nationwide, population-based, retrospective, longitudinal study in South Korea
Authors: Joo Yoonjung Yoonie , Park Jong Heon , Choi Sangbum , Cho Geum Joon 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo assess the secular trends in postpartum weight retention (PWR) over a decade with the population-based risk factors.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingA national health screening examination data provided by the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea.Participants130 551 women who delivered babies between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2012 and who underwent a national health screening examination 1 to 2 years prior to delivery and within 1 year after delivery.MethodsTheir PWR were determined during the study period of 2003–2012. We fitted logistic regression and linear mixed models to assess the independent contribution of PWR to obesity after adjusting for potential confounders.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrepregnancy and postpartum weight and body mass index (BMI).ResultsThe adjusted PWR increased from mean value of 2.02 kg in 2003 (95% CI 1.88 to 2.15) to 2.79 kg in 2012 (95% CI 2.73 to 2.84) (p value for trend <0.01), after adjusting potential confounders including age, prepregnancy time, postpartum time, prepregnancy BMI, income and smoking status. The risk for a PWR of more than 5 kg also increased over the study period.ConclusionsSecular increases in PWR have been significantly observed between 2003 and 2012 for childbearing women. It is necessary to identify risk factors contributing to the observed increase and develop effective strategies to address the heightened risk for PWR.
Utilization of regional anesthesia for open reduction and internal fixation of clavicular fractures is associated with increased same-day discharge and not readmissions
Authors: Beletsky Alexander , Burton Brittany Nicole , Swisher Matthew W , Finneran IV John J , Gabriel Rodney Allanigue 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundRegional anesthesia is becoming increasingly used for analgesia in clavicular surgery. The purpose of the study is to examine same-day discharge and readmissions in patients with clavicular fractures receiving open reduction and internal fixation, comparing those who received regional anesthesia to those that did not.MethodsThe National Surgical Quality Improvement Program registry was used to build a retrospective cohort with the primary and secondary outcomes of same-day discharge and readmission rates, respectively. The independent variable was type of anesthesia (ie, regional vs general). Unadjusted univariable followed by multivariable logistic regression analysis for the association of each covariate with the primary and secondary outcome was performed. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 2300 patients were included, in which 346 (15.0%) of received a nerve block. The only factor associated with same-day discharge on crude analysis was the use of a nerve block (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.40, p<0.01). Factors not associated with same-day discharge included geriatric age (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.57, p<0.01), diabetes mellitus (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.89, p=0.01), dependent functional status (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.69, p<0.01), hypertension (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.52, p<0.01), bleeding disorder (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.59, p<0.01) and an American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status score ≥3 (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.45, p<0.01). On adjusted analysis, regional anesthesia was associated with increased odds of same-day discharge (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.37, p<0.01), but not 30-day readmission (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.13 to 2.52, p=0.46).ConclusionRegional anesthesia use in patients with clavicular fractures is associated with higher odds for same-day discharge. There is no significant difference in the rates of hospital readmission within a 30-day period.Level of EvidenceIV, retrospective case series.
Balloon dilation of a perforated cor triatriatum dexter in a Springer Spaniel: anaesthetic management
Authors: Parra Martínez Cristina , Ronaldson Hayley L , Blake Rachel 
Published: July 2020

SUMMARYA four‐month‐old male Springer Spaniel presented for investigation of ascites of three weeks’ duration. On transthoracic echocardiogram, cor triatriatum dexter was diagnosed with associated right‐sided congestive heart failure. Medical therapy consisting of furosemide, spironolactone and benazepril was initiated. On the day of surgery, the dog was premedicated with methadone 0.2 mg/kg intravenously, and general anaesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.2 mg/kg intravenously and propofol 25 mg. Anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Concurrently, constant rate infusions of fentanyl 0.2–0.3 µg/kg/minute and lidocaine 50 µg/kg/minute were administered. Ventricular premature complexes and ventricular tachycardia developed during the placement of the catheter and during the first balloon dilation. Antiarrhythmic therapy with lidocaine 2 mg/kg was required. At the end of the procedure, acepromazine 5 µg/kg intravenous and buprenorphine 20 µg/kg intravenous were administered. Recovery from general anaesthesia was uneventful.
Archaeological documentation of wood caribou fences using unmanned aerial vehicle and very high-resolution satellite imagery in the Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories
Authors: van der Sluijs Jurjen , MacKay Glen , Andrew Leon , Smethurst Naomi , Andrews Thomas D. 
Published: July 2020

Indigenous peoples of Canada’s North have long made use of boreal forest products, with wooden drift fences to direct caribou movement towards kill sites as unique examples. Caribou fences are of archaeological and ecological significance, yet sparsely distributed and increasingly at risk to wildfire. Costly remote field logistics requires efficient prior fence verification and rapid on-site documentation of structure and landscape context. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and very high-resolution (VHR) satellite imagery were used for detailed site recording and detection of coarse woody debris (CWD) objects under challenging Subarctic alpine woodlands conditions. UAVs enabled discovery of previously unknown wooden structures and revealed extensive use of CWD (n = 1745, total length = 2682 m, total volume = 16.7 m3). The methodology detected CWD objects much smaller than previously reported in remote sensing literature (mean 1.5 m long, 0.09 m wide), substantiating a high spatial resolution requirement for detection. Structurally, the fences were not uniformly left on the landscape. Permafrost patterned ground combined with small CWD contributions at the pixel level complicated identification through VHR data sets. UAV outputs significantly enriched field techniques and supported a deeper understanding of caribou fences as a hunting technology, and they will aid ongoing archaeological interpretation and time-series comparisons of change agents.
High temperature behavior of non-local observables in boosted strongly coupled plasma: a holographic study
Authors: Bhatta Atanu , Chakrabortty Shankhadeep , Dengiz Suat , Kilicarslan Ercan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, we perform a holographic analysis to study non local observables associated to a uniformly boosted strongly coupled large N thermal plasma in d-dimensions. In order to accomplish the holographic analysis, the appropriate dual bulk theory turns out to be $$d+1$$d+1 dimensional boosted AdS-Schwarzschild blackhole background. In particular, we compute entanglement entropy of the boosted plasma at high temperature living inside a strip geometry with entangling width l in the boundary at a particular instant of time. We also study the two-point correlators in the boundary by following geodesic approximation method. For analyzing the effect of boosting on the thermal plasma and correspondingly on both non local observables, we keep the alignment of the width of region of interest both parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the boost. We find our results significantly modified compared to those in un-boosted plasma up to the quadratic order of the boost velocity v. More interestingly, the relative orientation of the boost and the entangling width play a crucial role to quantify the holographic entanglement entropy in the boundary theory. The breaking of rotational symmetry in the boundary theory due to the boosting of the plasma along a specific flat direction causes this interesting feature.
The DNNLikelihood: enhancing likelihood distribution with Deep Learning
Authors: Coccaro Andrea , Pierini Maurizio , Silvestrini Luca , Torre Riccardo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe introduce the DNNLikelihood, a novel framework to easily encode, through deep neural networks (DNN), the full experimental information contained in complicated likelihood functions (LFs). We show how to efficiently parametrise the LF, treated as a multivariate function of parameters of interest and nuisance parameters with high dimensionality, as an interpolating function in the form of a DNN predictor. We do not use any Gaussian approximation or dimensionality reduction, such as marginalisation or profiling over nuisance parameters, so that the full experimental information is retained. The procedure applies to both binned and unbinned LFs, and allows for an efficient distribution to multiple software platforms, e.g. through the framework-independent ONNX model format. The distributed DNNLikelihood can be used for different use cases, such as re-sampling through Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques, possibly with custom priors, combination with other LFs, when the correlations among parameters are known, and re-interpretation within different statistical approaches, i.e. Bayesian vs frequentist. We discuss the accuracy of our proposal and its relations with other approximation techniques and likelihood distribution frameworks. As an example, we apply our procedure to a pseudo-experiment corresponding to a realistic LHC search for new physics already considered in the literature.
Nonlinear Optics with Near-Infrared Excitation Enable Real-Time Quantitative Diagnosis of Human Cervical Cancers
Authors: Matsui Takahiro , Tamoto Ryo , Iwasa Akio , Mimura Masafumi , Taniguchi Seiji , Hasegawa Tetsuo , Sudo Takao , Mizuno Hiroki , Kikuta Junichi , Onoyama Ichiro , Okugawa Kaoru , Shiomi Mayu , Matsuzaki Shinya , Morii Eiichi , Kimura Tadashi , Kato Kiyoko , Kiyota Yasujiro , Ishii Masaru 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Histopathologic analysis through biopsy has been one of the most useful methods for the assessment of malignant neoplasms. However, some aspects of the analysis such as invasiveness, evaluation range, and turnaround time from biopsy to report could be improved. Here, we report a novel method for visualizing human cervical tissue three-dimensionally, without biopsy, fixation, or staining, and with sufficient quality for histologic diagnosis. Near-infrared excitation and nonlinear optics were employed to visualize unstained human epithelial tissues of the cervix uteri by constructing images with third-harmonic generation (THG) and second-harmonic generation (SHG). THG images enabled evaluation of nuclear morphology in a quantitative manner with six parameters after image analysis using deep learning. It was also possible to quantitatively assess intraepithelial fibrotic changes based on SHG images and another deep learning analysis. Using each analytical procedure alone, normal and cancerous tissue were classified quantitatively with an AUC ≥0.92. Moreover, a combinatory analysis of THG and SHG images with a machine learning algorithm allowed accurate classification of three-dimensional image files of normal tissue, intraepithelial neoplasia, and invasive carcinoma with a weighted kappa coefficient of 0.86. Our method enables real-time noninvasive diagnosis of cervical lesions, thus constituting a potential tool to dramatically change early detection.

Significance:
This study proposes a novel method for diagnosing cancer using nonlinear optics, which enables visualization of histologic features of living tissues without the need for any biopsy or staining dye.
Intraductal Transplantation Models of Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Reveal Progressive Transition of Molecular Subtypes
Authors: Miyabayashi Koji , Baker Lindsey A. , Deschênes Astrid , Traub Benno , Caligiuri Giuseppina , Plenker Dennis , Alagesan Brinda , Belleau Pascal , Li Siran , Kendall Jude , Jang Gun Ho , Kawaguchi Risa Karakida , Somerville Tim D.D. , Tiriac Hervé , Hwang Chang-Il , Burkhart Richard A. , Roberts Nicholas J. , Wood Laura D. , Hruban Ralph H. , Gillis Jesse , Krasnitz Alexander , Vakoc Christopher R. , Wigler Michael , Notta Faiyaz , Gallinger Steven , Park Youngkyu , Tuveson David A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most lethal common malignancy, with little improvement in patient outcomes over the past decades. Recently, subtypes of pancreatic cancer with different prognoses have been elaborated; however, the inability to model these subtypes has precluded mechanistic investigation of their origins. Here, we present a xenotransplantation model of PDAC in which neoplasms originate from patient-derived organoids injected directly into murine pancreatic ducts. Our model enables distinction of the two main PDAC subtypes: intraepithelial neoplasms from this model progress in an indolent or invasive manner representing the classical or basal-like subtypes of PDAC, respectively. Parameters that influence PDAC subtype specification in this intraductal model include cell plasticity and hyperactivation of the RAS pathway. Finally, through intratumoral dissection and the direct manipulation of RAS gene dosage, we identify a suite of RAS-regulated secreted and membrane-bound proteins that may represent potential candidates for therapeutic intervention in patients with PDAC.

Significance:
Accurate modeling of the molecular subtypes of pancreatic cancer is crucial to facilitate the generation of effective therapies. We report the development of an intraductal organoid transplantation model of pancreatic cancer that models the progressive switching of subtypes, and identify stochastic and RAS-driven mechanisms that determine subtype specification.
See related commentary by Pickering and Morton, p. 1448.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1426