bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tibiofemoral rotation alignment in the normal knee joints among Chinese adults: a CT analysis
Authors: Lu Yufeng , Ren Xiaoyu , Liu Benyin , Xu Peng , Hao Yangquan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Consensus on tibial rotation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains controversial. The present study aimed to investigate the closest anatomical reference to surgical epicondylar axis (SEA) among 10 tibial markers in Chinese adults.

Methods
This study included examination of 122 normal lower extremities. Briefly, 10 axes were drawn on the axial sections: transverse axis of tibia (TAT), axis of medial edge of patellar tendon (MEPT), axis of medial 1/3 of patellar tendon attachment (M1/3), Akagi line, Insall line, axis of medial border of tibial tubercle (MBTT), and axis of anterior border of the tibia 1–4 (ATC1–4). The mean angles between TAT and SEA and that between other axes and the line perpendicular to SEA were measured. Pairwise differences among the 10 tibial axes were examined by applying one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired t-test.

Results
In all the knees, the mean angles of M1/3, Akagi line, Insall line, MBTT, ATC1, ATC2, ATC3, and ATC4 axes were compared to the line perpendicular to the projected SEA and found to be 10.2 ± 5.1°, 1.4 ± 5.0°, 11.9 ± 5.4°, 3.6 ± 4.8°, 12.0 ± 6.9°, 7.2 ± 8.6°, 7.1 ± 10.4°, and 6.6 ± 13.5° external rotation, respectively, and the MEPT axis was 1.6 ± 4.5° internal rotation. The mean angle for TAT was 4.1 ± 5.3° external rotation. The M1/3 and Insall line were significantly more externally rotated than Akagi line, MEPT, MBTT, TAT, ATC2, ATC3, and ATC4 axes. No significant differences were noted between the TAT axis and the MBTT axis and among the ATC2, ATC3, and ATC4 axes.

Conclusion
The Akagi line, MBTT, and TAT showed good consistency with SEA in the axial femorotibial alignment with knee in extension. The middle segment of the anterior tibial crest also demonstrated good alignment consistency with SEA for the axial femorotibial alignment. Hence, these markers can be used as reliable references for rotational alignment of the tibial component in TKA.
Expression profiling of spinal cord dorsal horn in a rat model of complex regional pain syndrome type-I uncovers potential mechanisms mediating pain and neuroinflammation responses
Authors: Chen Ruixiang , Yin Chengyu , Hu Qimiao , Liu Boyu , Tai Yan , Zheng Xiaoli , Li Yuanyuan , Fang Jianqiao , Liu Boyi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Complex regional pain syndrome type-I (CRPS-I) is a progressive and devastating pain condition. The mechanisms of CRPS-I still remain poorly understood. We aim to explore expression profiles of genes relevant to pain and neuroinflammation mechanisms involved in CRPS-I.

Methods
The rat chronic post-ischemic pain (CPIP) model that mimics human CRPS-I was established. RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq), qPCR, Western blot, immunostaining, and pharmacological studies were used for profiling gene changes in ipsilateral spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH) of CPIP model rat and further validation.

Results
CPIP rats developed persistent mechanical allodynia in bilateral hind paws, accompanied with obvious glial activation in SCDH. RNA-Seq identified a total of 435 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ipsilateral SCDH of CPIP rats. qPCR confirmed the expression of several representative genes. Functional analysis of DEGs identified that the most significantly enriched biological processes of upregulated genes include inflammatory and innate immune response. We further identified NLRP3 inflammasome expression to be significantly upregulated in SCDH of CPIP rats. Pharmacological blocking NLRP3 inflammasome reduced IL-1β overproduction, glial activation in SCDH as well as mechanical allodynia of CPIP rats.

Conclusion
Our study revealed that immune and inflammatory responses are predominant biological events in SCDH of CPIP rats. We further identified NLRP3 inflammasome in SCDH as a key contributor to the pain and inflammation responses in CPIP rats. Thus, our study provided putative novel targets that may help to develop effective therapeutics against CRPS-I.
Are Councils on Chiropractic Education expectations of chiropractic graduates changing for the better: a comparison of similarities and differences of the graduate competencies of the Chiropractic Council on Education-Australasia from 2009 to 2017
Authors: Innes Stanley I. , Kimpton Amanda 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The Council on Chiropractic Education Australasia (CCE-A) is tasked with assessment and accreditation of chiropractic programs (CPs) in the Australasian community. To achieve this process the CCE-A has developed educational standards and graduate competencies which include minimum expectations of graduates prior to entry into the workforce. We sought to explore if these are changing overtime, and if so are these changes for the better.

Method
The CCE-A 2009 and 2017 Competency Standards were located and downloaded. The competencies were placed into tables for a comparative analyses in a systematic manner to enable the identification of similarities and differences. In addition, word counts were conducted for the most commonly occurring words and this took place in December 2019.

Results
The 2017 competency standards were over three times smaller than the previous standards 2009 standards. More similarities than differences between the old and the new standards were found. There were 18 additions to the 2017 graduate competencies with many that were in unison with contemporary aspects of healthcare such as patient centred-care, respect for practitioner-patient boundaries and patient sexual orientation, transitioning patients to self-management, and consideration of improving lifestyle options. Some competencies were not bought forward to the new standards and included, among others, students being competent in screening for mental health conditions, an expectation to discuss cost of care, re-evaluating and monitoring patients at each visit, and knowing when to discharge patients. The competencies continued to be silent on known issues within the chiropractic profession of a lack of a definition for chiropractic that would inform scope of practice and the presence of vitalism within CPs.

Conclusion
There have been positive changes which reflect contemporary mainstream health care standards between CCE-A graduate competency revisions. The absence of a clear definition of chiropractic and its attendant scope of practice as well as continued silence on vitalism reflect known issues within the chiropractic profession. Recommendations are made for future accreditation standards to inform the required competencies and aid the integration of chiropractic into the broader health care community.
Efficacy of Liu-zi-jue in Patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (COVID-19): structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Shuaipan , Lv Zhizhen , Zhu Qingguang , Sun Wuquan , Yao Fei , Fang Lei , Cheng Yanbin , Wu Zhiwei , Fang Min 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Efficacy of conventional treatment plus the complementary therapy Liu-zi-jue (a mind-body exercise) to treat patients with mild COVID-19.

Trial design
The study is a single-center 2 arm, randomized controlled trial with parallel-group design.
Supercapacitive performance of vanadium sulfide deposited on stainless steel mesh: effect of etching
Authors: Patil Swati J. , Pujari Rahul B. , Hou Tianfeng , Park Jongsung , Lee Dong-Weon 
Published: May 2020

AbstractVanadium sulfide (VS2) nanomaterials have been deposited on surface-modified stainless steel mesh (SMSSM) by facial hydrothermal method and subsequent effects of acidic etching on surface morphology and supercapacitive performance of the electrode were studied. The acid etching process improves the coupling interaction between the stainless steel mesh and active materials. The optimized 1% etched SMSSM with VS2 (1%/VS2) loaded electrode reveals the porous fine nanoparticles composed surface nanostructure. The prepared 1%/VS2 electrode exhibited an excellent areal capacitance of 45.83 mF/cm2, which is two times higher than that of a non-etched VS2 loaded electrode. These results showed that the acidic etching process significantly improved the surface nanostructure of the VS2 material that improved the capacitance of the SMSSM substrate.
Hematinic effects of Spondias mombin and its protective role against the spleenotoxic effect of phenylhydrazine
Authors: Innih Silvanus Olu , Omage Sylvia Oghogho , Omage Kingsley 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
This study was aimed at evaluating the hematinic effect of Spondias mombin and its protective role against the spleenotoxic effect of Phenylhydrazine (PHZ).

Methods
Thirty Wistar rats were randomized into 6 groups. Group A (Control) animals were neither given the extract nor PHZ. Rats in groups B and C were administered 150 mg/kg body weight and 300 mg/kg body weight doses of the extract respectively. Anemia was induced in rats in groups D and E by oral administration of 40 mg/kg body weight of PHZ and concomitantly administered 150 mg/kg body weight and 300 mg/kg body weight doses of the extract respectively. Anemia was also induced in rats in group F by administration of 40 mg/kg body weight of PHZ but without administration of the extract.

Results
Histology of the spleen show moderate expansion of the red pulp and contraction of lymphoid follicles in group F and mild follicular activation and sinus histiocytosis in group D. There were significant (p < 0.05) increase in the weight of the spleen in group F and decrease in group C. Results also show significant (p < 0.05) decreases in the RBC count in group F and increases in the Mean Corpuscular Volume and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin in groups D and E. There was also a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Count in group D.

Conclusion
This study shows the hematinic effect of Spondias mombin and its possible use in ethno-medicine in managing anemic conditions, as well as its potential in protecting against the spleenotoxic effect of PHZ.
Identification of a 6-month-old baby with a combination of WAGR and Potocki-Shaffer contiguous deletion syndromes by SNP array testing
Authors: Meng Yan , Yang Jun , Tian Chan , Qiao Jie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWAGR 11p13 deletion syndrome is associated with abnormalities including (W) ilms tumor, (A) niridia, (G) enitourinary abnormalities, and growth and mental (R) etardation (WAGR). Potocki–Schaffer syndrome is a contiguous gene syndrome associated with deletions in 11p11.2, principal features of which are multiple exostoses, parietal foramina development delay, mental retardation, and facial dysmorphism. In some cases, males may have enlarged anterior fontanels and genital abnormalities. Each of these syndromes is very rare. Here we report a patient with both WAGR and Potocki–Shaffer syndromes who presented with aniridia, nystagmus, macular dysplasia, enlarged anterior fontanel, mental retardation, ptosis, low-set ears, micrognathia, and atrial septal defect at 6 months old. SNP array revealed a large (26.25 Mb)deletion: arr[hg19]11p15.1p11.2(18742043–44991839)× 1. Genetic testing allowed for diagnosis of this patient at a very young age. In addition to the postnatal phenotype of the patient, we found one prenatal symptom of these syndromes is oligohydramnios, which when present might indicate advanced prenatal diagnosis. This made the possibility of prenatal diagnosis for these syndromes.
Management of endocrine conditions at the end of life
Authors: de Bray Anne , Tomas Jon , Gittoes Neil , Hassan-Smith Zaki 
Published: May 2020

An important facet to end-of-life care is deprescribing. This can be challenging when reviewing life-sustaining endocrine medications but, unlike for diabetes, there is no national guidance to support patients and clinicians faced with care planning. This article reviews the limited current evidence to highlight areas for further discussion and research with the aim of moving towards consensus opinion. Discontinuation of certain endocrine medications, including corticosteroids, desmopressin and levothyroxine, is likely to precipitate an ‘endocrine-driven mechanism of death’, while it may be reasonable to discontinue other endocrine medications without the risk of hastening death or causing unnecessary symptoms. However, the over-arching theme should be that early discussion with patients regarding conversion or discontinuation of endocrine medications or monitoring is central to care planning.
Troponin in critical care patients and outcomes
Authors: Cole Elizabeth M , Docherty Annemarie B 
Published: May 2020

Myocardial infarction is common in the critically unwell population with pre-existing cardiovascular disease and is associated with a greater overall mortality. This article explores guidelines for diagnosing myocardial infarction, and research into the use of troponin as both a diagnostic and prognostic tool. Currently, the majority of patients in the intensive care unit with acute myocardial infarction go unrecognised. The underlying cause is predominantly oxygen supply–demand imbalance, therefore identifying those at risk is important as there is the potential to modify elements of their care and reduce their overall mortality.
EEBO and Me: An Autobiographical Response to Michael Gavin, “How to Think About EEBO”
Authors: Herman Peter C. 
Published: May 2020

In this article, Peter C. Herman responds to Michael Gavin’s history of EEBO by arguing that EEBO leads to greater historical specificity, to reading the books themselves, rather than dissolving the boundaries between texts and “the death of the document”. Herman also suggests that we should pay greater attention to the corporate origins of EEB0-TCP.
Odd Burr III G-Negative Binomial Family with Application
Authors: Jamal Farrukh , Bakouch Hassan S. , Arslan Nasir M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this article, we propose a general family of distributions called odd Burr III G-negative binomial. Several properties of the family are reported, including quantile function, mixture representation of its density, cumulative distribution functions, moments, incomplete moments, moment generating function, mean deviations, deviations, stochastic ordering, entropies, and parameter estimation via maximum likelihood (ML) method. A simulation study is carried out to check the asymptotic behavior of the ML estimates. The flexibility of the governing members of this family is shown by the use of data modeling such that the corresponding density functions may be symmetric, right-skewed, or left-skewed and their hazard rate functions can be increasing, decreasing, bathtub, upside-down bathtub, or constant.
Support Vector Machine for Lung Adenocarcinoma Staging Through Variant Pathways
Authors: Di Feng , He Chunxiao , Pu Guimei , Zhang Chunyi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most common malignant tumors. How to effectively diagnose LUAD at an early stage and make an accurate judgement of the occurrence and progression of LUAD are still the focus of current research. Support vector machine (SVM) is one of the most effective methods for diagnosing LUAD of different stages. The study aimed to explore the dynamic change of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different stages of LUAD, and to assess the risk of LUAD through DEGs enriched pathways and establish a diagnostic model based on SVM method. Based on TMN stages and gene expression profiles of 517 samples in TCGA-LUAD database, coefficient of variation (CV) combined with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to screen out feature genes in different TMN stages after data standardization. Unsupervised clustering analysis was conducted on samples and feature genes. The feature genes were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient to construct a co-expression network. Fisher exact test was conducted to verify the most enriched pathways, and the variation of each pathway in different stages was analyzed. SVM networks were trained and ROC curves were drawn based on the predicted results so as to evaluate the predictive effectiveness of the SVM model. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis results showed that almost all the samples in stage III/IV were clustered together, while samples in stage I/II were clustered together. The correlation of feature genes in different stages was different. In addition, with the increase of malignant degree of lung cancer, the average shortest path of the network gradually increased, while the closeness centrality gradually decreased. Finally, four feature pathways that could distinguish different stages of LUAD were obtained and the ability was tested by the SVM model with an accuracy of 91%. Functional level differences were quantified based on the expression of feature genes in lung cancer patients of different stages, so as to help the diagnosis and prediction of lung cancer. The accuracy of our model in differentiating between stage I/II and stage III/IV could reach 91%.
An Unusual Amino Acid Substitution Within Hummingbird CytochromecOxidase Alters a Key Proton-Conducting Channel
Authors: Dunn Cory D , Akpınar Bala Anı , Sharma Vivek 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHummingbirds in flight exhibit the highest mass-specific metabolic rate of all vertebrates. The bioenergetic requirements associated with sustained hovering flight raise the possibility of unique amino acid substitutions that would enhance aerobic metabolism. Here, we have identified a non-conservative substitution within the mitochondria-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) that is fixed within hummingbirds, but not among other vertebrates. This unusual change is also rare among metazoans, but can be identified in several clades with diverse life histories. We performed atomistic molecular dynamics simulations using bovine and hummingbird COI models, thereby bypassing experimental limitations imposed by the inability to modify mtDNA in a site-specific manner. Intriguingly, our findings suggest that COI amino acid position 153 (bovine numbering convention) provides control over the hydration and activity of a key proton channel in COX. We discuss potential phenotypic outcomes linked to this alteration encoded by hummingbird mitochondrial genomes.
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS IKAN KARANG DI PERAIRAN PESISIR KENDARI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Edrus Isa Nagib , Hadi Tri Aryono 
Published: May 2020

Ekosistem terumbu karang di Kawasan Pesisir Kendari sangat dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas pembangunan di daratan utama seperti sedimentasi yang berkepanjangan. Hal ini dapat berpengaruh pada tutupan karang dan kecerahan air laut, dan sebagai konsekuensinya adalah terjadinya perubahan struktur komunitas ikan karang. Keanekaragaman ikan karang diasumsikan akan menurun ketika terjadi kerusakan yang meluas pada terumbu karang dan dalam waktu yang panjang. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi sumberdaya ikan karang melalui kajian struktur komunitas ikan karang. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan September 2018 di perairan karang pesisir Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah sensus visual bawah air dengan transek sabuk pada 10 lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menemukan 195 spesies ikan karang yang terdiri dari 93 spesies kelompok mayor, 89 jenis kelompok ikan target, dan 13 jenis kelompok ikan indikator. Dari 10 lokasi transek, hanya 4 stasiun yang memiliki nilai indeks keanekaragaman antara 3,0 – 3,6, indeks dominansi antara 0,04 – 0,10 dan indeks keseragaman antara 0,8 – 0,9, serta 5 stasiun memiliki indeks kekayaan jenis antara 7,8 hingga 10,5. Keanekaragaman jenis ikan termasuk rendah, komunitas didominasi oleh kelompok ikan mayor, dan kepadatan stok ikan karang tergolong rendah pada semua stasiun. Coral reef ecosystems in Kendari coastal area were affected by mainland development as well as long-term sedimentation.Those activities influencing coral coverage and sea water tranparency lead to the changes in reef fish structure communities. The study objective is to identify the condition of reef-fishes by analyzing theirin terms of a community structures. This study was carried out in September 2018 at the adjacent Kendari’s reef waters, Southeast Sulawesi. The method used in this study was the underwater visual cencus using belt transects at ten study sites. The results of the study successfully identified about 195 species of reef fishes, consisted of 93 species of major-fish group, 89 species of target-fish group, and 13 species of indicator-fish group. Species compositions among the study sites ranged from 39 species to 74 species. Among the 10 transect sites, four sites had fish diversity indices ranging from 3.0 to 3.6, dominance indices ranging from 0.04 – 0.1, and evenness indices ranging from 0.8 to 0.9, whereas 5 transect sites had species richness levels ranging from 7.8 to 10.5. For all study sites, the reef fishes diversities were in low levels, reef fishes communities were dominated by major-fish groups, and the density of fish stocks were classified in low levels.
Rational perspectives on risk and certainty for dentistry during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Beltrán-Aguilar Eugenio , Benzian Habib , Niederman Richard 
Published: May 2020

Clinical dental practice exposes the dental team and patients to infectious airborne disease agents, due to the close contact during clinical care, and the infectious aerosols from most dental procedures. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the American Dental Association (ADA) and other organizations developed recommendations to address the specific risk profile of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, adding additional protective measures to established standard precautions.
When deciding on re-opening of dental services it is important to remember that so far, no reliable data on work-related infection risk for dental personnel are available. Combined with other uncertainties it seems prudent to follow four key principles: 1) All patients should be considered as potentially infectious; 2) procedures generating aerosols should be avoided, limited or closely managed; 3) infection control should be increased according to recommendations; 4) PPE measures should be maximized.
Dental teams must follow ethical principles in providing the best possible and safe dental care. Yet, as business owners, they are facing existential impacts from reduced patient visits and loss of income resulting from service limitations. Reconciling the conflict of risking their life or their livelihood under the COVID-19 pandemic is not a welcome or easy choice. Decisions must be based on best possible evidence, and need to be revisited as the pandemic, and economic conditions change.
COVID-19 also unmasked the challenges of access and financial coverage for dental care in the U.S. Sustainable preparation for future pandemics should consider reforms towards a more equitable system with better coverage.