bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building Capacity for Medication Assisted Treatment in Rural Primary Care Practices: The IT MATTTRs Practice Team Training
Authors: Zittleman Linda , Curcija Kristen , Sutter Christin , Dickinson L. Miriam , Thomas John , de la Cerda Dionisia , Nease Donald E. , Westfall John M. 
Published: September 2020

Objectives: In response to rural communities and practice concerns related to opioid use disorder (OUD), the Implementing Technology and Medication Assisted Treatment Team Training in Rural Colorado study (IT MATTTRs) developed a training intervention for full primary care practice (PCP) teams in MAT for OUD. This evaluation reports on training implementation, participant satisfaction, and impact on perceived ability to deliver MAT. Methods: PCPs in the High Plains Research Network and Colorado Research Network were randomized to receive team training either in-person or through virtual tele-mentoring. Training attendance logs recorded the number of participants and their roles. Participants completed a survey within one month of the last training session to evaluate satisfaction and ability to deliver components of MATs. Results: 441 team members at 42 PCPs were trained, including 22% clinicians, 47% clinical support staff, 24% administrative support staff. Survey respondents reported high levels of satisfaction, including 82% reporting improved understanding of the topic, and 68% identifying actions to apply information. Self-rated ability was significantly higher after training for all items ( P < .0001), including ability to identify patients for MAT and to manage patients receiving MAT. Mean change scores, adjusted for role, were significantly greater for all measures ( P < .001) in SOuND practices compared to ECHO practices. Conclusions: The IT MATTTRs Practice Team Training successfully engaged PCP team members in diverse roles in MAT for OUD training and increased self-efficacy to deliver MAT. Results support the training as a resource for a team-based approach to build rural practices’ capacity to deliver MAT.
Spinal Cord Injury With Tetraplegia in Young Persons After Diving Into Shallow Water: What Has Changed in the Past 10 to 15 Years?
Authors: Ull Christopher , Yilmaz Emre , Jansen Oliver , Lotzien Sebastian , Schildhauer Thomas A. , Aach Mirko , Königshausen Matthias 
Published: September 2020

Study Design: Retrospective, monocentric, observational study in a tertiary health care center. Objectives: To analyze prehospital and clinical findings, complications, neurological improvement and follow-up in a young person cohort with spinal cord injury (SCI) and tetraplegia according to the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) A to D after diving into shallow water. Methods: Included were all persons younger than 50 years with SCI after head-first diving into shallow water between June 2001 and June 2019. All persons with SCI were divided into complete tetraplegia (AIS A) and incomplete tetraplegia (AIS B, C, and D) to test differences. Results: A total of 59 males (98.7%) and 1 female with a mean age of 27.7 years suffered an SCI. Alcohol use was documented in 25 cases (41.7%). At the time of admission, 33 people (55%) showed a complete tetraplegia (AIS A) and 27 showed an incomplete tetraplegia with 8 AIS B (13.3%), 15 AIS C (25%), and 4 AIS D (6.7%). At the time of discharge, people with initially complete tetraplegia showed a significant improvement from admission to discharge ( P ≤ .004). Persons with incomplete tetraplegia were more likely to improve their neurological status compared with complete tetraplegia patients ( P ≤ .001). Especially persons with complete tetraplegia suffered from typical SCI-related problems and complications. Conclusions: People with SCI and tetraplegia at the time admission show neurological improvement in 50% of the cases with an overall better outcome in persons with incomplete tetraplegia. The surgical treatment of SCI within 24 hours seems to be associated with a better neurological outcome and a lower level of tetraplegia. The incidence of SCI caused by diving into shallow water remains stable without a significant change, especially in high-risk groups. More education and prevention programs are necessary to avoid these injuries.
Reliability of the radiographic views in supine position for evaluation of displaced midshaft clavicle fracture length
Authors: Kongmalai Pinkawas , Chiaprasert Peeraput , Rungsinaporn Visit 
Published: September 2020

Purpose: To analyze the agreement of the displaced midshaft clavicle fracture length measurement between each of the supine radiographic position (chest anteroposterior (AP), both clavicle AP, and 20° cephalic tilt clavicle AP view) and computed tomography (CT) scan of the clavicle. Furthermore, the inter- and intraobserver reliability of each radiographic position was analyzed. Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study was performed with patients diagnosed with displaced midshaft clavicle fracture treated conservatively. Three views of radiographs and CT scan of clavicle were obtained in supine position after informed consent. The measurement of fractured clavicle length was done by three observers at the time and after 4 weeks interval. Results: Thirty-three patients (25 males and 8 females), with a mean age of 45, were recruited. The agreement between each of the radiographic measurement and CT scan was good. The interobserver reliability was moderate to good for radiographic measurement. The highest intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.80–0.81 was shown between the 20° cephalic tilt and the CT scan, followed by the both clavicle AP (0.75–0.77) and the chest AP (0.69–0.75), respectively. There was an excellent intraobserver reliability for all of the radiographic measurement with the ICC 0.92–0.99. Conclusion: The supine radiographs could be a useful option to measure the displaced midshaft clavicle fracture length. The recommended view was the 20° cephalic tilt clavicle AP view in supine position to best evaluate the fractured clavicle length.
Reverse Sural Flap for Repair of Foot and Ankle Defects: Our Cases, Modifications, and a Literature Review
Authors: Anlatici Recep 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Reverse-flow sural flap is a valuable option in cases of lower extremity repair. In this study, we aimed to present our sural flap applications and modifications for the treatment of ankle and foot defects and to evaluate our results in the light of historical process and current literature. Materials and Methods: A reverse-flow fasciocutaneous flap was performed in 14 patients to repair foot and ankle defects. In 6 cases (42.86%), we chose to perform interpolation sural flaps where we aimed to repair the distal defects of the foot and/or in order to prevent patients from having trouble wearing shoes due to bulkiness of the flap pedicle at the ankle. In other cases (tunnel flap group, 57.14%), the pedicle of the flap was passed through the subcutaneous tunnel. Wide and meticulous dissection of the tunnel, nitroglycerine application on the flap, and close flap monitoring were our protective measures. Our results were analyzed statistically. The literature review was performed from Medline and PubMed. Results: Sural flap repair was performed in 14 patients. The mean age was 32.75 years. Etiologic factors were traffic accidents, spinal cord injuries, and hyperkeratotic lesions. The defects were localized in the ankle or proximal foot in 12 (85.71%) patients and the distal foot in the remaining patients (14.29%). The mean area of the defects was 46.75 cm2. Partial necrosis at the distal flap developed in 2 (25%) cases in the tunnel group and in 1 (16.67%) in the interpolation group (3 cases in total, 21.43% in the study population). No statistical difference was found between the flap groups in terms of patient distribution and complications. Conclusion: Wide dissection of the subcutaneous tunnel through which the pedicle is passed (in the tunnel group), application of nitroglycerin, meticulous hemostasis, and postoperative follow-ups are important factors for a successful reverse sural flap application. Sural interpolation modification is advantageous in several cases as the flap can reach farther and does not cause bulkiness in the ankle that would impair shoe wear. However, the disadvantage is that it requires 2 sessions.
BCL6 maintains survival and self-renewal of primary human acute myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Kawabata Kimihito C. , Zong Hongliang , Meydan Cem , Wyman Sarah , Wouters Bas J. , Sugita Mayumi , Goswami Srinjoy , Albert Michael , Yip Winnie , Roboz Gail J. , Chen Zhengming , Delwel Ruud , Carroll Martin , Mason Christopher E. , Melnick Ari , Guzman Monica L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractB-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is a transcription repressor and proto-oncogene that plays a crucial role in the innate and adaptive immune system and lymphoid neoplasms. However, its role in myeloid malignancies remains unclear. Here, we explored the role of BCL6 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). BCL6 was expressed at variable and often high levels in AML cell lines and primary AML samples. AMLs with higher levels of BCL6 were generally sensitive to treatment with BCL6 inhibitors, with the exception of those with monocytic differentiation. Gene expression profiling of AML cells treated with a BCL6 inhibitor revealed induction of BCL6-repressed target genes and transcriptional programs linked to DNA damage checkpoints and downregulation of stem cell genes. Ex vivo treatment of primary AML cells with BCL6 inhibitors induced apoptosis and decreased colony-forming capacity, which correlated with the levels of BCL6 expression. Importantly, inhibition or knockdown of BCL6 in primary AML cells resulted in a significant reduction of leukemia-initiating capacity in mice, suggesting ablation of leukemia repopulating cell functionality. In contrast, BCL6 knockout or inhibition did not suppress the function of normal hematopoietic stem cells. Treatment with cytarabine further induced BCL6 expression, and the levels of BCL6 induction were correlated with resistance to cytarabine. Treatment of AML patient-derived xenografts with BCL6 inhibitor plus cytarabine suggested enhanced antileukemia activity with this combination. Hence, pharmacologic inhibition of BCL6 might provide a novel therapeutic strategy for ablation of leukemia-repopulating cells and increased responsiveness to chemotherapy.
An intact gut microbiome protects genetically predisposed mice against leukemia
Authors: Vicente-Dueñas Carolina , Janssen Stefan , Oldenburg Marina , Auer Franziska , González-Herrero Inés , Casado-García Ana , Isidro-Hernández Marta , Raboso-Gallego Javier , Westhoff Philipp , Pandyra Aleksandra A. , Hein Daniel , Gössling Katharina L. , Alonso-López Diego , De Las Rivas Javier , Bhatia Sanil , García-Criado Francisco Javier , García-Cenador María Begoña , Weber Andreas P. M. , Köhrer Karl , Hauer Julia , Fischer Ute , Sánchez-García Isidro , Borkhardt Arndt 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The majority of childhood leukemias are precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias (pB-ALLs) caused by a combination of prenatal genetic predispositions and oncogenic events occurring after birth. Although genetic predispositions are frequent in children (&gt;1% to 5%), fewer than 1% of genetically predisposed carriers will develop pB-ALL. Although infectious stimuli are believed to play a major role in leukemogenesis, the critical determinants are not well defined. Here, by using murine models of pB-ALL, we show that microbiome disturbances incurred by antibiotic treatment early in life were sufficient to induce leukemia in genetically predisposed mice, even in the absence of infectious stimuli and independent of T cells. By using V4 and full-length 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing of a series of fecal samples, we found that genetic predisposition to pB-ALL (Pax5 heterozygosity or ETV6-RUNX1 fusion) shaped a distinct gut microbiome. Machine learning accurately (96.8%) predicted genetic predisposition using 40 of 3983 amplicon sequence variants as proxies for bacterial species. Transplantation of either wild-type (WT) or Pax5+/– hematopoietic bone marrow cells into WT recipient mice revealed that the microbiome is shaped and determined in a donor genotype–specific manner. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses of sera from WT and Pax5+/– mice demonstrated the presence of a genotype-specific distinct metabolomic profile. Taken together, our data indicate that it is a lack of commensal microbiota rather than the presence of specific bacteria that promotes leukemia in genetically predisposed mice. Future large-scale longitudinal studies are required to determine whether targeted microbiome modification in children predisposed to pB-ALL could become a successful prevention strategy.
Ibrutinib added to 10-day decitabine for older patients with AML and higher risk MDS
Authors: Huls Gerwin , Chitu Dana A. , Pabst Thomas , Klein Saskia K. , Stussi Georg , Griskevicius Laimonas , Valk Peter J. M. , Cloos Jacqueline , van de Loosdrecht Arjan A. , Breems Dimitri , van Lammeren-Venema Danielle , van Zeventer Isabelle , Boersma Rinske , Jongen-Lavrencic Mojca , Fehr Martin , Hoogendoorn Mels , Manz Markus G. , Söhne Maaike , van Marwijk Kooy Rien , Deeren Dries , van der Poel Marjolein W. M. , Legdeur Marie Cecile , Tick Lidwine , Chalandon Yves , Ammatuna Emanuele , Blum Sabine , Löwenberg Bob , Ossenkoppele Gert J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The treatment of older, unfit patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is challenging. Based on preclinical data of Bruton tyrosine kinase expression/phosphorylation and ibrutinib cytotoxicity in AML blasts, we conducted a randomized phase 2 multicenter study to assess the tolerability and efficacy of the addition of ibrutinib to 10-day decitabine in unfit (ie, Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Comorbidity Index ≥3) AML patients and higher risk myelodysplasia patients (HOVON135/SAKK30/15 trial). In total, 144 eligible patients were randomly (1:1) assigned to either 10-day decitabine combined with ibrutinib (560 mg; sequentially given, starting the day after the last dose of decitabine) (n = 72) or to 10-day decitabine (n = 72). The addition of ibrutinib was well tolerated, and the number of adverse events was comparable for both arms. In the decitabine plus ibrutinib arm, 41% reached complete remission/complete remission with incomplete hematologic recovery (CR/CRi), the median overall survival (OS) was 11 months, and 2-year OS was 27%; these findings compared with 50% CR/CRi, median OS of 11.5 months, and 2-year OS of 21% for the decitabine group (not significant). Extensive molecular profiling at diagnosis revealed that patients with STAG2, IDH2, and ASXL1 mutations had significantly lower CR/CRi rates, whereas patients with mutations in TP53 had significantly higher CR/CRi rates. Furthermore, multicolor flow cytometry revealed that after 3 cycles of treatment, 28 (49%) of 57 patients with available bone marrow samples had no measurable residual disease. In this limited number of cases, measurable residual disease revealed no apparent impact on event-free survival and OS. In conclusion, the addition of ibrutinib does not improve the therapeutic efficacy of decitabine. This trial was registered at the Netherlands Trial Register (NL5751 [NTR6017]) and has EudraCT number 2015-002855-85.
Mental health and related influencing factors among rural elderly in 14 poverty state counties of Chongqing, Southwest China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yang Yin , Deng Hui , Yang Qingqing , Ding Xianbin , Mao Deqiang , Ma Xiaosong , Xiao Bangzhong , Zhong Zhaohui 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
China has the largest elderly population in the world; little attention has been paid to the mental health of elderly in areas of extreme poverty. This is the first study to investigate the mental health of the rural elderly in poverty state counties in Chongqing and was part of the Chongqing 2018 health literacy promotion project.

Methods
In 2019, a cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the mental health status of the rural elderly in fourteen poverty state counties of Chongqing, in which a total of 1400 elderly aged ≥ 65 years were interviewed, where mental health status was measured by the ten-item Kessler10 (K10) scale. Ordered multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the influencing factors related to mental health of the elderly in these areas.

Results
The average score of K10 in 14 poverty state counties was 17.40 ± 6.31, 47.6% was labeled as good, 30.2% was moderate, 17.0% was poor, and lastly 5.1% was bad, and the mental health status of the elderly in the northeastern wing of Chongqing was better than the one in the southeastern wing of Chongqing. A worse self-rated health was the risk factor for mental health both in the northeastern and southeastern wings of Chongqing (all P < 0.001). Lower education level (OR (95% CI) = 1.45 (1.12–1.87), P = 0.004) was a risk factor in the northeastern wing, whereas older age (OR (95% CI) = 1.33 (1.13–1.56), P = 0.001) was a risk factors in the southeastern wing.

Conclusions
The results showed that mental health of the elderly in poverty state counties was poor, especially in the southeastern wing of Chongqing. Particular attention needs to be paid to the males who were less educated, older, and single; female with lower annual per capital income; and especially the elderly with poor self-rated health.
A Cyclophilin OsCYP20–2 Interacts with OsSYF2 to Regulate Grain Length by Pre-mRNA Splicing
Authors: Ge Qiang , Tang Yongyan , Luo Wei , Zhang Jingyu , Chong Kang , Xu Yunyuan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Grain size is one of the key agronomic traits that impact grain yield. Several regulatory pathways had been reported to participate in grain size determination via cell expansion or proliferation in rice. However, little is known about cyclophilin and spliceosome participation in grain shape regulation.

Results
Here, we identified OsCYP20–2, a cyclophilin that influences spliceosome assembly to determine grain length. oscyp20–2 t1, a knock out mutant of OsCYP20–2 caused by T-DNA insertion, produced shorter grains with deficient cell elongation. Through yeast two-hybrid screening and pull-down assays, OsSYF2, a pre-mRNA splicing factor, was identified as an interacting protein of OsCYP20–2. The phenotypes of transgenic lines indicated that OsSYF2 positively regulates grain length via its influence on cell expansion. Transcriptomic analysis showed that OsSYF2 controls the expression and pre-mRNA alternative splicing of genes involved in sugar metabolism. In addition, these two genes have similar effects on panicle architecture.

Conclusions
Taken together, OsSYF2, an interacting protein of OsCYP20–2, controls grain length and panicle architecture by regulating the alternative splicing of pre-mRNA involved in cell elongation and sugar metabolism.
Grain Size Selection Using Novel Functional Markers Targeting 14 Genes in Rice
Authors: Zhang Lin , Ma Bin , Bian Zhong , Li Xiaoyuan , Zhang Changquan , Liu Jiyun , Li Qun , Liu Qiaoquan , He Zuhua 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Grain size is an extremely important aspect of rice breeding, affecting both grain yield and quality traits. It is controlled by multiple genes and tracking these genes in breeding schemes should expedite selection of lines with superior grain yield and quality, thus it is essential to develop robust, efficient markers.

Result
In this study, 14 genes related to grain size (GW2, GS2, qLGY3, GS3, GL3.1, TGW3, GS5, GW5, GS6, TGW6, GW6a, GLW7, GL7 and GW8) were selected for functional marker development. Twenty-one PCR-gel-based markers were developed to genotype the candidate functional nucleotide polymorphisms (FNPs) of these genes, and all markers can effectively recognize the corresponding allele types. To test the allele effects of different FNPs, a global collection of rice cultivars including 257 accessions from the Rice Diversity Panel 1 was used for allele mining, and four grain-size-related traits were investigated at two planting locations. Three FNPs for GW2, GS2 and GL3.1 were genotyped as rare alleles only found in cultivars with notably large grains, and the allele contributions of the remaining FNPs were clarified in both the indica and japonica subspecies. Significant trait contributions were found for most of the FNPs, especially GS3, GW5 and GL7. Of note, GW5 could function as a key regulator to coordinate the performance of other grain size genes. The allele effects of several FNPs were also tested by QTL analysis using an F2 population, and GW5 was further identified as the major locus with the largest contribution to grain width and length to width ratio.

Conclusions
The functional markers are robust for genotyping different cultivars and may facilitate the rational design of grain size to achieve a balance between grain yield and quality in future rice breeding efforts.
Breathing life into consumer rights: smartphone tools facilitating the “right to know” on substances of very high concern in REACH articles
Authors: Schenten Julian , Brenig Mattheus , Führ Martin , Bizer Kilian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
The EU chemicals regulation “Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals” (REACH) aims to reduce the usage of substances of very high concern (SVHCs) by firms. Therefore, a consumer right-to-know about SVHCs in articles is intended to create market-based incentives. However, awareness of the right-to-know among EU citizens is low. Moreover, the response window of 45 days afforded to suppliers impedes immediate, informed decisions by consumers. Consequently, despite being in effect for more than 10 years, only few consumer send requests. Civil society actors have developed smartphone applications reducing information search costs, allowing users to send right-to-know requests upon scanning an article’s barcode. Answers are stored in a database and made available to the public immediately. This paper assesses to which extent smartphone tools contribute to an increased use of the right-to-know by undertaking a case study of the application “ToxFox” by the German non-profit organisation Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland (BUND).

Results
An analysis of the data from the BUND database for the period 2016 to 2018 reveals that about 20 thousand users have sent almost 49 thousand requests. This has led to more than 9 thousand database entries, including 189 articles which contain SVHCs above the legal threshold. The data also indicate that receiving information on requested articles encourages further use of the application. Many suppliers accept the application and pro-actively provide information on articles without SVHCs above the threshold. However, most consumers use the application only for a short time, and suppliers are struggling to reply to right-to-know requests.

Conclusion
Evaluating the results, the study identifies options to enhance the application’s design in terms of user motivation and legal certainty, and to enhance the framework governing "barcode" assignments to articles with a view to better contributing to transparency. As for policy implications, a lack of consumer requests can in part be traced back to design flaws of the right-to-know and a lack of implementation and enforcement of REACH. In addition, suppliers have to increase their supply chain communication efforts to make sure they are in a position to properly answer consumer requests. We recommend several policy options addressing these and additional aspects, thus contributing to the legislative review of Art. 33 REACH.