bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitral valve repair with the semi-rigid Memo 4D annuloplasty ring: early clinical and echocardiographic outcomes from the MANTRA study
Authors: Dzemali Omer , Rodriguez Cetina Biefer Hector , Di Eusanio Marco , Fabre Olivier , Troise Giovanni , Bonaros Nikolaos , Grimaldi Francesco , Choi Yeong-Hoon , Santarpino Giuseppe , Baeza Cristian , Pollari Francesco , Marcheix Bertrand , Pacini Davide , Argano Vincenzo , Baghai Max , Bhabra Moninder , Mazzaro Enzo , Badano Luigi , Kempfert Joerg 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Memo 4D is a semi-rigid ring with an exclusive saddle shape and progressive increased anteroposterior diameter. This preliminary analysis reports 30-day clinical and haemodynamic outcomes of the MANTRA Memo 4D sub-study.

METHODS
MANTRA is an ‘umbrella’ prospective, multicentre, worldwide post-market study to collect real-life safety and performance data on the Corcym devices. Clinical and echocardiographic outcomes were gathered preoperatively, at discharge and each follow-up. KCCQ-12 questionnaires were collected preoperatively and at 30 days. Echocardiographic studies were performed per a predefined protocol and assessed by an independent core laboratory.

RESULTS
In total, 166 patients (52, 31.3% female, mean age 60.7 ± 11.4 years) underwent mitral valve repair with Memo 4D in 17 international institutions between July 2021 and June 2023 (enrolment is still ongoing). Primary was the most common aetiology (157, 94.6%), of which 33 cases of Barlow’s disease (19.9%); secondary mitral regurgitation was present in six cases (3.6%). Thirty-day mortality was 0.6% (1). One stroke event (0.6%), one acute kidney failure (0.6%), one myocardial infarction (0.6%) and two reoperations within 30 days were reported. Surgery marked improvement in the patient’s NYHA class associated with a significant increase in KCCQ-12 summary score, from 69.1 (SD = 23.7) preoperatively to 83.9 (SD = 15.7) at 30 days. End-diastolic left ventricular diameters decreased from 55.19 (SD = 7.10) preoperatively to 52.70 (SD = 3.76) mm at 30 days, and left atrial volume decreased from 125.79 (SD = 46.33) preoperatively to 91.51 (SD = 37.20) ml at 30 days. Mitral regurgitation significantly reduced after the operation and up to 30-day follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS
Mitral valve repair with Memo 4D is associated with good clinical and haemodynamic outcomes in the early period.
MANTRA ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT05002543.
Mechanical and sustainability assessments of cement-free GGBS-based Geopolymer concrete exposed to elevated temperatures
Authors: Reddy Peddireddy Sreekanth , Venu M , Reddy Narala Gangadhara 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The current study investigates the mechanical properties of ground granular blast furnace slag (GGBS)-based geopolymer concrete (GPC) by subjecting the specimens to compressive strength and nondestructive test by exposing them to elevated temperatures. The test results revealed that the maximum compressive strength is measured as 59.7 N/mm2 with an optimum content of 7 M alkali solution and 28-day curing period. With increased heat regime, the compressive strength and nondestructive test values decreased. By adopting optimum GGBS-based GPC, the cost of construction and greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced by 48% and 13%, respectively. Compared to conventional concrete, embodied energy is on the higher side due to alkali activators.
Bacterial synergies amplify nitrogenase activity in diverse systems
Authors: Sher Andrew W , Tournay Robert J , Gomez-Rivas Emma , Doty Sharon L 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Endophytes are microbes living within plant tissue, with some having the capacity to fix atmospheric nitrogen in both a free-living state and within their plant host. They are part of a diverse microbial community whose interactions sometimes result in a more productive symbiosis with the host plant. Here, we report the co-isolation of diazotrophic endophytes with synergistic partners sourced from two separate nutrient-limited sites. In the presence of these synergistic strains, the nitrogen-fixing activity of the diazotroph is amplified. One such partnership was co-isolated from extracts of plants from a nutrient-limited Hawaiian lava field and another from the roots of Populus trees on a nutrient-limited gravel bar in the Pacific Northwest. The synergistic strains were capable of increasing the nitrogenase activity of different diazotrophic species from other environments, perhaps indicating that these endophytic microbial interactions are common to environments where nutrients are particularly limited. Multiple overlapping mechanisms seem to be involved in this interaction. Though synergistic strains are likely capable of protecting nitrogenase from oxygen, another mechanism seems evident in both environments. The synergies do not depend exclusively on physical contact, indicating a secreted compound may be involved. This work offers insights into beneficial microbial interactions, providing potential avenues for optimizing inocula for use in agriculture.
Nonresident Prime Ministers? Measuring India’s Foreign Policy Orientation via Leadership Travel
Authors: Narayanan Kutty Sumitha , Ladwig III Walter C 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As a rising India has sought both standing and recognition in the international system, observers have debated whether revisionist or status quo tendencies have characterized the country’s engagement with the outside world since the end of the Cold War. One way to gain insight into such issues is to study the behavior of its apex leaders. Face-to-face diplomacy and high-level visits are an increasingly prominent feature of India’s international relations. Given the scarce nature of senior officials’ time, where they choose to travel can serve as a key indicator of their priorities. Employing an original data set, we analyze the factors shaping foreign travel by Indian prime ministers and foreign ministers between 1992 and 2019. These indicate that strategic interests—rather than ideological affinity with the Global South, domestic politics, or bureaucratic routine—have the primary role in shaping India’s foreign engagement. Since foreign visits are purposeful, where Indian leaders travel can be assessed for indicators of revisionist or status quo leanings in the country’s foreign policy. Although examination of the specific patterns of overseas visits does not indicate definitive membership of either camp, they do highlight aspects of India’s contested relationship with the current international order.
Distinct molecular epidemiology of resistances to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems in Enterobacter hormaechei in cats and dogs versus horses in France
Authors: Haenni Marisa , Châtre Pierre , Drapeau Antoine , Cazeau Géraldine , Troncy Jonathan , François Pauline , Madec Jean-Yves 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Enterobacter hormaechei is an important pathogen in humans and animals, which, in addition to its intrinsic AmpC, can acquire a wide variety of genes conferring resistances to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) and carbapenems (CPs). In France, human clinical outbreaks of E. hormaechei resistant to ESC or carbapenem were reported.

Objectives
To study E. hormaechei isolates from cats and dogs (=59) as well as from horses (n = 55) presenting a non-susceptible phenotype to beta-lactams in order to determine which clones, resistance genes and plasmids are circulating in France.

Material and methods
E. hormaechei isolates (n = 114) were short-read sequenced and five isolates were long-read sequenced to better characterize the plasmids carrying ESC- and CP-resistance determinants. Phenotypes were characterized by antibiograms using the disc diffusion method.

Results
A clear divergence in the molecular epidemiology was observed depending on the host. In cats and dogs, most of the isolates presented an overexpressed ampC gene or the blaCTX-M-15 gene carried by an IncHI2 plasmid, and eight isolates (8/59, 13.6%) presented the blaOXA-48 carbapenemase gene. Thirty-two isolates (32/59, 54.2%) belonged to the human high-risk clones ST78, ST114 and ST171. Contrarily, in horses, ESC resistance was mostly due to the blaSHV-12 and blaCTX-M-15 genes carried by an IncHI2 plasmid, and high-risk clones were rarely identified (5/55, 9.0%).

Discussion
Potential selection by antibiotic use (which is on an increasing trend in France for cats, dogs and horses), the dissemination capacities of both conjugative IncHI2 plasmids and high-risk clones, and possible transfers of resistant bacteria between humans and animals strongly indicate that E. hormaechei should be closely monitored.
A nationwide survey of antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens in Malawi
Authors: Chisembe Pilirani , Suzuki Masato , Dao Duc Trung , Njunga Gilson , Nkhoma Joseph , Mthilakuwili Lecollins , Kinoshita-Daitoku Ryo , Kuroda Eisuke , Kimura Kouji , Shibayama Keigo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Antimicrobial resistance is a global health challenge with profound implications across sectors. Livestock, a significant field at the One Health interface, lacks sufficient information, particularly in low-resource settings such as Malawi.

Objectives
We determined the antimicrobial resistance rates of Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens in Malawi and explored the relationship between resistance genes across sectors using genomic analysis.

Methods
In 2023, we isolated 115 E. coli strains from 116 faecal and caecal samples from broiler chickens across Malawi. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using agar dilution method according to the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Whole-genome sequencing was performed using Illumina sequencing.

Results
Notably, 50 isolates (44%) were resistant to cefotaxime. We detected ESBL blaCTX-M genes (blaCTX-M-55, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-65, blaCTX-M-27, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-1, and blaCTX-M-3) in 48 cefotaxime-resistant isolates, which exhibited higher resistance rates to levofloxacin than non-ESBL-encoding isolates (29/48; 60% versus 20/67; 30%). All isolates were susceptible to colistin and carbapenems. High resistance rates were observed for tetracycline and co-trimoxazole commonly used in broiler chickens (90% and 70%, respectively). Sequence type 206 and phylogroup A were predominant (14% and 65%, respectively). In the genetic context of blaCTX-M genes, whole-genome alignment of the ESBL-producing isolates with reference plasmids from E. coli of various origins indicated significant similarity.

Conclusions
Antimicrobial resistance is highly prevalent among E. coli from broiler chickens in Malawi. Genomic analysis suggests potential transmission pathways for ESBL genes across sectors, necessitating further studies from One Health perspective.
Clinical implementation of preemptive pharmacogenomics testing for personalized medicine at an academic medical center
Authors: Tamraz Bani , Shin Jaekyu , Khanna Raman , Van Ziffle Jessica , Knowles Susan , Stregowski Susan , Wan Eunice , Kamath Rajesh , Collins Christopher , Phunsur Choeying , Tsai Benjamin , Kong Patsy , Calanoc Clari , Pollard Aleta , Sawhney Rajeev , Pleiman Jennifer , Devine Walter Patrick , Croci Rhiannon , Sashikanth Aparna , Kroon Lisa , Cucina Russell , Rajkovic Aleks 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
This article describes the implementation of preemptive clinical pharmacogenomics (PGx) testing linked to an automated clinical decision support (CDS) system delivering actionable PGx information to clinicians at the point of care at UCSF Health, a large Academic Medical Center.

Methods
A multidisciplinary team developed the strategic vision for the PGx program. Drug–gene interactions of interest were compiled, and actionable alleles identified. A genotyping platform was selected and validated in-house. Following HIPAA protocols, genotype results were electronically transferred and stored in electronic health records (EHRs). CDS was developed and integrated with electronic prescribing.

Results
We developed a customized PGx program for 56 medications and 15 genes. Two hundred thirty-three pharmacogenomic prescribing alerts and 15 pharmacogenomic testing prompts, approved by clinicians, were built into EHR to deliver actionable clinical PGx information to clinicians.

Conclusions
Our multidisciplinary team successfully implemented preemptive PGx testing linked to point-of-care CDS to guide clinicians with precise medication decision-making.
Analyzing thermal performance and entropy generation in time-dependent buoyancy flow of water-based over rotating sphere with ternary nanoparticle shape factor
Authors: Mahmood Zafar , Rafique Khadija , Abd-Elmonem Assmaa , Suoliman Nagat A A , Kumar Abhinav , Mukalazi Herbert 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The heat transfer augmentation, solar power systems, medical equipment, semiconductor cooling, aerospace, and automotive industries all use ternary hybrid nanofluids (THNFs). The current study is mainly about a magnetized THNF flow that cannot be squished around a spinning sphere that has different viscosity, thermal conductivity, and shape (brick, platelets, cylinder, and blade). The heat transport simulation incorporates the principles of viscous dissipation and joule heating. Water is mixed with silver, magnesium oxide, and iron trioxide to make the THNF. Similarity substitution converts model equations to ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Runge–Kutta fourth order numerically estimates the non-dimensional set of ODEs. For certain emergent parameters, velocity, temperature, entropy generation, Nusselt number, and skin friction are computed and analyzed. The research shows that entropy generation increases with brinkman number, nanoparticle volume fraction and magnetic parameters and reduces with temperature difference parameter. Increasing the unsteadiness parameter upsurges velocity in the x-direction, but decreases it in the z-direction and temperature curve. Skin friction upsurges in the x-direction and declines in the z-direction with rotation. Platelet-shaped nanoparticles usually outperform blade, brick, and cylinder shapes. When mass suction $( S )$ is elevated from 1.0 to 2.0, the heat transfer rate increases by 47.25% for the brick form, 47.26% for the platelets shape, 35.08% for the cylinders shape, and 37.65% for the blades shape. Comparing the results to prior literature shows excellent agreement.
Optimizing public-private partnerships to support clinical cancer research
Authors: Herbst Roy S , Blumenthal Gideon , Khleif Samir N , Lippman Scott M , Meropol Neal J , Rosati Kristen , Shulman Lawrence N , Smith Heind , Wang Meina , Winn Robert A , Schilsky Richard L 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Public-private partnerships (PPPs) in cancer research have emerged as a pivotal model in the development of strategies to rapidly advance therapeutic innovations. The collaboration between public entities, such as government agencies and research institutions, and private entities, including pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, as well as nonprofit organizations, brings together diverse expertise, resources, and perspectives to address the challenges of efficient drug development and equitable care delivery. This synergy has the potential to accelerate the translation of basic research findings into tangible clinical applications. However, the implementation of PPPs is challenging and fraught with pitfalls that must be overcome if the PPP is to be successful in achieving its goals. To address these issues, in October 2023, the National Cancer Policy Forum and the Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation held the “Optimizing Public-Private Partnerships for Clinical Cancer Research” workshop in Washington, DC. The goal of the workshop was to examine opportunities to promote collaboration among these various entities through PPPs to facilitate more timely and effective clinical cancer research. Key guiding principles and strategies were highlighted, and the challenges and barriers to implementing a PPP and recommendations to overcome those obstacles are summarized herein.
Mortality patterns in chronic granulomatous invasive fungal rhinosinusitis: insights from two fatal cases
Authors: Aljubran Hussain J , Bamalan Omar A , Alabdulaal Maria R , Almolani Fadhel , Alahmari Mohammad S , Alkhatib Abdulrahman , Almomen Ali 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Chronic granulomatous invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (CGIFRS) is a type of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis that is characterized by the presence of pathologic findings of non-caseating granulomas in the paranasal sinuses. This article describes two cases of CGIFRS with fatal outcomes. The first case was for a 36-year-old man who presented with headache, dizziness, and vomiting for 1 month. This patient had received the traditional treatment, although the patient’s condition suddenly deteriorated after 1 week of surgery and died due to the disease’s complications. Similarly, the second case was for a 31-year-old man who presented with bilateral nasal obstruction and left eye proptosis for 1 year. This patient had a recurrence of CGIFRS after the first presentation, which was complicated by a cerebral abscess after 2 months of surgery. This study, therefore, underscores the severity of CGIFRS as a potentially fatal disease.
Lessons learned from a case of phlegmasia cerulea dolens treated with thrombolysis and iliac vein stenting
Authors: Chia Adrian C K , Yu Junette , Lee Shaun Q W , Ng Nick Z P 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Phlegmasia cerulea dolens is a rare manifestation of massive deep vein thrombosis with threat to limb and life. A patient with a background of ovarian malignancy in remission and pelvic radiotherapy presented with left lower limb phlegmasia cerulea dolens as a result of extensive acute left lower limb deep vein thrombosis, extending from the popliteal vein to the inferior vena cava. While initial rapid thrombolysis and left iliac vein stenting were successful, she developed significant hemorrhagic complications from her right radial intra-arterial line with compartment syndrome requiring fasciotomy. She subsequently develops contralateral right lower limb deep vein thrombosis with phlegmasia cerulea dolens as a result of the cessation of anticoagulation and ‘jailing’ of the contralateral right iliac vein. Repeat thrombolysis with a lower dose of thrombolytics was performed, and contralateral iliac vein stenting in ‘kissing’ configuration was performed successfully. We discuss several lessons learned from this uncommon but important case.
Coronary-Pulmonary Artery Fistula and critical LAD stenosis: surgical ligation and revascularization
Authors: Vivekanandan Deepak Dev , Canaan Lucas , Robaczewski Marshall , Louis Mena , Wyer Abigayle , Hastings John Clifton 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Coronary-pulmonary artery fistulas are rare congenital anomalies that can lead to significant clinical complications, especially when associated with coronary artery disease. We present a case of a 61-year-old male who presented with progressive dyspnea and chest discomfort. Imaging revealed a coronary-pulmonary artery fistula with 60% stenosis in the proximal left anterior descending artery. Due to the size and complexity of the fistula, along with the need for coronary artery revascularization, the patient underwent surgical ligation of the fistula combined with coronary artery bypass grafting. The patient had an uneventful recovery and was discharged on postoperative Day 6. At the 3-month follow-up, he reported a complete resolution of symptoms. This case illustrates the importance of surgical intervention in managing complex coronary fistulas with associated coronary artery disease and highlights the need for individualized treatment approaches.
Novel approach to retrograde ureterorenoscopy: a case report of laparoscopic-assisted ureterorenoscopy for minor calyx stone removal
Authors: Tariq Daman , Nazeef Ayesha , Syed Shahzada Nauman , Thakur Amit Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A 16-year-old male presented to OPD with right-sided flank pain associated with lower urinary tract symptoms. CT scan and ultrasound findings demonstrated a 12.9 mm renal stone in the lower calyx and moderate hydronephrosis, respectively. The diagnosis of pelvic ureteric junction obstruction was confirmed by a diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (DTPA) scan. Laparoscopic pyeloplasty was planned but to remove the stone from a hard-to-reach location i.e. minor calyx, ureterorenoscope was introduced from one of the laparoscopic ports. The stone was retrieved successfully. This case represents the implementation of laparoscopic-assisted ureteroscopy instead of conventional retrograde ureteroscopy. This technique warrants further study as it makes the overall procedure more efficient and time-saving.
Synchronous gangrenous cholecystitis and appendicitis secondary to appendiceal diverticulum perforation
Authors: Fennelly Sarah , Dickfos Marilla , Velaga Jyothirmayi , Houli Nezor 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Acute appendicitis and acute cholecystitis are among the commonest pathologies in acute general surgery. They are characterized by distinct symptoms, clinical examination findings and typical elements of the history which direct further investigations. In the absence of these classic findings, these diagnoses can be missed, particularly where they occur synchronously. Here we present the interesting case of a 63-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with epigastric pain and vomiting with no classical appendicitis or cholecystitis findings who was found to have both appendicitis with a 3 cm collection and gangrenous cholecystitis, managed with urgent laparoscopic appendicectomy and cholecystectomy. This patient had a background of Type 2 Diabetes which may have reduced awareness of symptoms. Given the increasing prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes and the risk of rapid deterioration in these patients, this case demonstrates the importance of prompt assessment of the entire abdomen when these patients present with acute abdomen.
Jurisdiction and Admissibility (Complementarity)
Authors: Ambos Kai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the principles of jurisdiction and admissibility. Jurisdiction refers to a State’s exercise of regulatory power about persons and property in legislation, adjudication, and enforcement. The chapter details the extent of national jurisdiction and the conflicts of jursidiction. If the national criminal justice system may claim jurisdiction, a further question arises about how the factual concurrence between the international and the national jurisdiction will be resolved where either the international tribunal enjoys primacy, or it is subsidiary (complementary) to the respective national jurisdiction. The chapter then provides an overview of the complementarity test, which is an ongoing process revisited several times before the trial's commencement.