bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic polymorphism of the prostasin gene in hypertensive pregnant Pakistani females
Authors: Ejaz Saima , Ali Anwar , Riffat Sumaira , Mahmood Atif , Azim Kamran 
Published: December 2020

Objective: The study was performed to investigate the association of hypertension in pregnancy with prostasin gene polymorphism in Pakistani females.
Methods: This case-control study was performed at University of Karachi, Pakistan from April 2018 to May 2019. A total of 160 females, including 90 hypertensives and 70 healthy pregnant females, were recruited by purposive sampling after obtaining informed written consent. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).
Results: The frequencies of the TC and CC genotypes were higher in hypertensive pregnant females compared to healthy controls. A significant difference was evident for CC (P=0.012) genotype; however, no significant difference was observed for TC (P=0.49) and TT genotypes (P=0.06) between control and hypertensive groups. The adjusted odds ratio for CC genotype was 6.2 (P=0.025) and 1.48 (P=0.44) for TC genotype compared to the TT genotype. There was a significantly higher prevalence of the C allele of the prostasin gene at rs12597511 in the hypertensive group, suggesting that this allele is a risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.
Conclusion: C allele at rs12597511 of prostasin gene demonstrate as a risk factor for having hypertension in pregnancy.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3666
How to cite this:Ejaz S, Ali A, Riffat S, Mahmood A, Azim K. Genetic polymorphism of the prostasin gene in hypertensive pregnant Pakistani females. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(1):109-113. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3666
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The prevalence and Covariates of Stroke in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa; From a European Perspective
Authors: Saeed Sahrai , Tadic Marijana , Putaala Jukka 
Published: December 2020

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3815
How to cite this:Saeed S, Tadic M, Putaala J. The prevalence and Covariates of Stroke in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa; From a European Perspective. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(1):1-3. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3815
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
In the preparation and administration of intravenous medicines, what are the best practice standards that healthcare professionals need to follow to ensure patient safety? Protocol for a systematic review.
Authors: Carr Peter J. , O'Connor Laura , Gethin Georgina , Ivory John D. , O'Hara Paul , O'Toole Orla , Healy Patricia 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Intravenous therapy and medicines (IVTM) are the most common invasive interventions in use in healthcare. Prescribed IVTM play an essential role in the treatment of illness, management of chronic conditions and in maintaining health and wellbeing. The intravenous (IV) route is the administration of concentrated medications (diluted or undiluted) directly into peripherally or centrally inserted vascular access devices. Medication safety is a key priority and best practice standards are required to guide the safe preparation and administration of IVTM. Methods: We will conduct a systematic review of the literature pertaining to the preparation and administration of intravenous therapy and medicines. Our search will include studies concerned with the preparation and/or administration of IVTM via peripheral or central vascular access devices. We will be guided by the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) in this review. Literature will include all trial designs, national/international guidelines, and expert consensus opinion made available in English from 2009 to present day. Conclusions: We will synthesise the evidence concerning safe and effective preparation and administration of intravenous therapy and medicines to inform the development of a national guideline for healthcare professionals in Ireland. The availability of up-to-date, contemporaneous evidence-based practice standards will ensure quality and safety for service-users. Registration: This study has been submitted to PROSPERO and we are awaiting confirmation of registration.
The Rank-One Quadratic Assignment Problem
Authors: Wang Yang , Yang Wei , Punnen Abraham P. , Tian Jingbo , Yin Aihua , Lü Zhipeng 
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we study the quadratic assignment problem with a rank-one cost matrix (QAP-R1). Four integer-programming formulations are introduced of which three are assumed to have partial integer data. Unlike the standard quadratic assignment problem, some of our formulations can solve reasonably large instances of QAP-R1 with impressive running times and are faster than some metaheuristics. Pairwise relative strength of the LP relaxations of these formulations are also analyzed from theoretical and experimental points of view. Finally, we present a new metaheuristic algorithm to solve QAP-R1 along with its computational analysis. Our study offers the first systematic experimental analysis of integer-programming models and heuristics for QAP-R1. The benchmark instances with various characteristics generated for our study are made available to the public for future research work. Some new polynomially solvable special cases are also introduced. Summary of Contribution: This paper aims to advance our knowledge and ability in solving an important special case of the quadratic assignment problem. It shows how to exploit inherent properties of an optimization problem to achieve computational advantages, a strategy that was followed by researchers in model building and algorithm developments for decades. Our computational results attest to this time-tested general philosophy. The paper presents the first systematic computational study of the rank one quadratic assignment problem, along with new mathematical programming models and complexity analysis. We believe the theoretical and computational results of this paper will inspire further research on the topic and will be of significant value to practitioners using rank one quadratic assignment models.
POLIFONIA: A BUSCA [CONSTANTE] DA LIBERDADE PARA TODAS (OS)
Authors: Vieira Lidiane Rezende 
Published: December 2020

Ensaio sobre a contribuição da primeira tese de doutorado do Pensamento Político Braisleiro no antigo IUPERJ (1997), de Isabel Lustosa: “Insultos Impressos: A guerra dos jornalistas na Independência (1821-1823)”. Considerada um clássico, a obra de Lustosa coopera com o avanço cientifico ao preencher lacunas de um período histórico central para a formação do Estado brasileiro: a Independência. Lançando luz sobre atores políticos e reconstruindo o ambiente da imprensa nascente, a autora também proporcionou circulação deste conhecimento para além das fronteiras da Academia.
Mujeres campesinas de Inzá- Tierradentro, Cauca: una mirada desde los feminismos decoloniales
Authors: Diaz Jazmin Yulieth Cuellar , Garcia Juano Zuluaga 
Published: December 2020

Os feminismos decoloniais são o resultado do desenvolvimento social, político, histórico e epistemológico de movimentos feministas críticos, como o feminismo negro afro-americano. O decolonial implica situar os efeitos de colonialidade e forjar cenários emancipatórios, dentro dos quais o feminismo popular também é uma ferramenta importante para consolidar alternativas epistêmicas que reconheçam e aprimorem as subjetividades e processos sócio-organizacionais do subalterno. Motivo pelo qual este artigo tem como objetivo interpretar e tornar visível o processo do Comitê de Mulheres da Asociación Campesina de Inzá Tierradentro (Cauca – Colômbia), do ponto de vista dos feminismos decoloniais, tendo em vista que suas dinâmicas de resistência, territorialização, defesa do território, reconstrução do tecido social e fortalecimento do modelo de comunidade autônoma e popular constituem uma contribuição significativa para a construção de alternativas aos discursos hegemônicos da colonialidade do poder, conhecimento e ser. Palavras-Chave: colonialidade; feminismo decolonial; feminismo popular; Comitê de Mulheres.
As mulheres católicas e as origens do Serviço Social: o caso do Instituto Social do Rio de Janeiro (1937-1947)
Authors: Martins Ana Paula Vosne 
Published: December 2020

O artigo trata das origens religiosas e conservadoras do Serviço Social e da agência das mulheres católicas na organização da ação social e das escolas de educação familiar e doméstica. A primeira parte do artigo aborda as relações entre o catolicismo e o engajamento feminino na ação social. Na segunda parte o foco se volta para as religiosas da Sociedade das Filhas do Coração de Maria e para Stella de Faro, liderança da Ação Católica Brasileira, na criação da primeira escola católica de Serviço Social do Rio de Janeiro, o Instituto Social. Palavras-Chave: catolicismo; conservadorismo; mulheres; ação social; Serviço Social
Recolocando a autodeterminação na equação? Uma análise da ação coletiva feminista na Europa do Sul
Authors: Santos Ana Cristina , Pieri Mara 
Published: December 2020

No contexto da Europa do Sul, os direitos das mulheres têm-se confrontado com resistências históricas decorrentes de um legado cumulativo de ditadura, fascismo e catolicismo. Processos mais amplos de modernização desafiaram gradualmente esse legado, com um impacto significativo na mobilização pelos direitos das mulheres. Este artigo examina a ação coletiva feminista na Itália e em Portugal no século XXI, incluindo lutas pró-escolha ligadas ao aborto em Portugal e as mobilizações contra a violência de género na Itália. Em cada contexto, examinamos temas e repertórios dominantes da ação coletiva, mas também fontes de dissidência interna, como as questões da gestação de substituição e do trabalho sexual. Na última seção, sugerimos que a autodeterminação constitui um conceito-chave através do qual os movimentos feministas contemporâneos podem encontrar formas de superar importantes desafios políticos e teóricos emergentes. Palavras-Chave: ação coletiva feminista; Europa do Sul; autodeterminação.
FAKE NEWS EM TEMPOS DE COVID-19: discursos de ódio nas redes sociais como ressonância da desinformação
Authors: Rocha Telma , Golveia da Silva Brandão Cleyton Williams , Cerqueira Souza e Cruz Diêgo Aric 
Published: December 2020

As redes sociais possibilitaram alterações nos processos comunicacionais, construção e compartilhamento de informações. Partindo das interações nessas redes, o presente texto analisa o impacto das fake news em tempos de pandemia no Brasil, assim como o processo de desinformação e os discursos de ódio, tomando como exemplo a discussão da medicação (hidroxi)cloriquina no tratamento de pacientes infectados pela COVID-19. Buscou-se investigar e apontar perspectivas relativas ao negacionismo científico, o uso estratégico da medicação como manipulação e jogos de interesses do governo atual nos conhecimentos difundidos sobre o medicamento, e, por fim, propor alternativas de caráter educativo para prevenir essas fake news em âmbito brasileiro no contexto da pandemia.
Do despejo de dor ao despejo de conhecimento: o pioneirismo de Carolina na escrita
Authors: Cruz Cláudia Gomes , Raia Ana Lúcia Da Silva , Lins Mônica Regina Ferreira 
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo visa ratificar o pioneirismo de Carolina Maria de Jesus na literatura, uma vez que sua escrita difere de inúmeras outras, tanto no estilo não padronizado aos parâmetros acadêmicos como no que Conceição Evaristo conceitua de escrevivência. Para tanto, evidenciaremos Quarto de Despejo: diário de uma favelada e Casa de Alvenaria: diário de uma ex-favelada, as duas primeiras obras lançadas de Carolina, para ressaltar que a intelectualidade desta mulher negra periférica nos permite, dentre tantas outras possibilidades, correlacionar as perspectivas do feminismo negro e da opção decolonial, uma vez que ambas rompem com uma única visão de conhecimento e compreendem que a partir de perspectivas subalternas é possível (re)criar formas de sobreviver, (re)existir e construir conhecimentos outros.
False-negative results of initial RT-PCR assays for COVID-19: A systematic review
Authors: Arevalo-Rodriguez Ingrid , Buitrago-Garcia Diana , Simancas-Racines Daniel , Zambrano-Achig Paula , Del Campo Rosa , Ciapponi Agustin , Sued Omar , Martinez-García Laura , Rutjes Anne W. , Low Nicola , Bossuyt Patrick M. , Perez-Molina Jose A. , Zamora Javier 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundA false-negative case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is defined as a person with suspected infection and an initial negative result by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test, with a positive result on a subsequent test. False-negative cases have important implications for isolation and risk of transmission of infected people and for the management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to review and critically appraise evidence about the rate of RT-PCR false-negatives at initial testing for COVID-19.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, as well as COVID-19 repositories, including the EPPI-Centre living systematic map of evidence about COVID-19 and the Coronavirus Open Access Project living evidence database. Two authors independently screened and selected studies according to the eligibility criteria and collected data from the included studies. The risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool. We calculated the proportion of false-negative test results using a multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression model. The certainty of the evidence about false-negative cases was rated using the GRADE approach for tests and strategies. All information in this article is current up to July 17, 2020.ResultsWe included 34 studies enrolling 12,057 COVID-19 confirmed cases. All studies were affected by several risks of bias and applicability concerns. The pooled estimate of false-negative proportion was highly affected by unexplained heterogeneity (tau-squared = 1.39; 90% prediction interval from 0.02 to 0.54). The certainty of the evidence was judged as very low due to the risk of bias, indirectness, and inconsistency issues.ConclusionsThere is substantial and largely unexplained heterogeneity in the proportion of false-negative RT-PCR results. The collected evidence has several limitations, including risk of bias issues, high heterogeneity, and concerns about its applicability. Nonetheless, our findings reinforce the need for repeated testing in patients with suspicion of SARS-Cov-2 infection given that up to 54% of COVID-19 patients may have an initial false-negative RT-PCR (very low certainty of evidence).Systematic review registrationProtocol available on the OSF website:https://tinyurl.com/vvbgqya.
Impact of chronic liver disease upon admission on COVID-19 in-hospital mortality: Findings from COVOCA study
Authors: Galiero Raffaele , Pafundi Pia Clara , Simeon Vittorio , Rinaldi Luca , Perrella Alessandro , Vetrano Erica , Caturano Alfredo , Alfano Maria , Beccia Domenico , Nevola Riccardo , Marfella Raffaele , Sardu Celestino , Coppola Carmine , Scarano Ferdinando , Maggi Paolo , De Lucia Sposito Pellegrino , Vocciante Laura , Rescigno Carolina , Sbreglia Costanza , Fraganza Fiorentino , Parrella Roberto , Romano Annamaria , Calabria Giosuele , Polverino Benedetto , Pagano Antonio , Bologna Carolina , Amitrano Maria , Esposito Vincenzo , Coppola Nicola , Maturo Nicola , Adinolfi Luigi Elio , Chiodini Paolo , Sasso Ferdinando Carlo ,   on behalf of COVOCA Study Group
Published: December 2020

BackgroundItaly has been the first Western country to be heavily affected by the spread of SARS-COV-2 infection and among the pioneers of the clinical management of pandemic. To improve the outcome, identification of patients at the highest risk seems mandatory.ObjectivesAim of this study is to identify comorbidities and clinical conditions upon admission associated with in-hospital mortality in several COVID Centers in Campania Region (Italy).MethodsCOVOCA is a multicentre retrospective observational cohort study, which involved 18 COVID Centers throughout Campania Region, Italy. Data were collected from patients who completed their hospitalization between March-June 2020. The endpoint was in-hospital mortality, assessed either from data at discharge or death certificate, whilst all exposure variables were collected at hospital admission.ResultsAmong 618 COVID-19 hospitalized patients included in the study, 143 in-hospital mortality events were recorded, with a cumulative incidence of about 23%. At multivariable logistic analysis, male sex (OR 2.63, 95%CI 1.42–4.90; p = 0.001), Chronic Liver Disease (OR 5.88, 95%CI 2.39–14.46; p<0.001) and malignancies (OR 2.62, 95%CI 1.21–5.68; p = 0.015) disclosed an independent association with a poor prognosis, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Respiratory Severity Scale allowed to identify at higher mortality risk. Sensitivity analysis further enhanced these findings.ConclusionMortality of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 appears strongly affected by both clinical conditions on admission and comorbidities. Originally, we observed a very poor outcome in subjects with a chronic liver disease, alongside with an increase of hepatic damage.
Self-efficacy and fatigue among non-frontline health care workers during COVID-19 outbreak: A moderated mediation model of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and negative coping
Authors: Hou Tianya , Zhang Ruike , Song Xiangrui , Zhang Fan , Cai Wenpeng , Liu Ying , Dong Wei , Deng Guanghui 
Published: December 2020

Purposes
Since a considerable number of health care workers (HCWs) were sent to Wuhan to aid COVID-19 control during the epidemic, non-frontline HCWs who stayed in local hospitals had to work overload to provide daily health care services for other health issues, which makes them more vulnerable to experience fatigue. Self-efficacy is suggested as a protective factor for fatigue. Nonetheless, less is known regarding the underlying mechanisms. This research aimed to explore the prevalence of fatigue among non-frontline HCWs during the pandemic, investigate the mediating effect of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and moderating effect of negative coping in the association between self-efficacy and fatigue.

Methods
General Self-Efficacy Scale, PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and 14-item Fatigue Scale were administrated to 527 non-frontline HCWs from Anhui Province, China. The mediating effect was examined by Mackinnon’s four-step procedure, while Hayes PROCESS macro was used to test the moderated mediation model.

Results
The prevalence of fatigue among non-frontline HCWs was 56.7%. The effect of self-efficacy on fatigue was partially mediated by PTSD symptoms (ab = -0.146, SE = 0.030, 95% CI = [-0.207, -0.095]). Additionally, negative coping moderated both the direct effect of self-efficacy on fatigue (β = -0.158, P<0.001) and the mediating effect of PTSD symptoms (β = 0.077, P = 0.008). When the standard score of negative coping increased to 1.49 and over, the direct association between self-efficacy and fatigue became insignificant. Likewise, the effect of self-efficacy on PTSD symptoms had no statistical significance when the standard score of negative coping was -1.40 and lower.

Conclusions
More than half non-frontline HCWs suffered from fatigue during COVID-19. For those who tend to use negative coping, it might be crucial to design programs combining the enhancement of self-efficacy, preventions for PTSD symptoms and interventions for fatigue.
Utility of Routine Esophageal Biopsies in Patients With Refractory Reflux Symptoms
Authors: Oude Nijhuis Renske A.B. , Curvers Wouter L. , van der Ende Mirjam , Herregods Thomas V.K. , Schuitenmaker Jeroen M. , Smout Andreas J.P.M. , Bredenoord Albert J. 
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION:
This study aimed to assess the diagnostic yield of routine esophageal biopsies in patients with refractory reflux symptoms.

METHODS:
We prospectively enrolled consecutive patients referred for upper endoscopy and collected histological, clinical, and endoscopic data.

RESULTS:
Of the 301 included patients, 14 (4.7%) patients met the clinicopathological diagnostic definition of eosinophilic esophagitis. Presence of dysphagia, food bolus impaction, atopic background, and typical endoscopic features were the factors with the strongest association and diagnostic accuracy for eosinophilic esophagitis. The diagnostic yield in patients lacking symptoms of dysphagia or endoscopic features was negligible (0% and 1.9%, respectively).

DISCUSSION:
Routine esophageal biopsy sampling in patients with refractory reflux symptoms has a low diagnostic yield. Esophageal biopsies should only be obtained in patients with refractory reflux symptoms who also present with dysphagia (see Visual abstract, Supplementary Digital Content 2, http://links.lww.com/AJG/B792).
Depressed Colorectal Cancer: A New Paradigm in Early Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kudo Shin-ei , Kouyama Yuta , Ogawa Yushi , Ichimasa Katsuro , Hamada Tsuyoshi , Kato Kazuki , Kudo Koki , Masuda Takaaki , Otsu Hajime , Misawa Masashi , Mori Yuichi , Kudo Toyoki , Hayashi Takemasa , Wakamura Kunihiko , Miyachi Hideyuki , Sawada Naruhiko , Sato Toshiro , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Hamatani Shigeharu , Nemoto Tetsuo , Ishida Fumio , Niida Atsushi , Miyano Satoru , Oshima Masanobu , Ogino Shuji , Mimori Koshi 
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION:
In contrast to most colorectal carcinomas arising from pedunculated or sessile protruded adenomas, submucosal-invasive (pT1) colorectal carcinoma exhibiting a depressed surface (hereinafter, “depressed colorectal carcinoma,” identified by means of high-definition endoscopy) is considered to be derived from depressed precursors. We hypothesized that depressed colorectal neoplasms have unique clinicopathological features different that are different from those of protruded and flat colorectal neoplasms.

METHODS:
We classified 27,129 colorectal neoplasms (909 pT1 carcinomas and 26,220 adenomas) resected between 2001 and 2017 into depressed (211 carcinomas and 109 adenomas), flat (304 carcinomas and 11,246 adenomas), and protruded subtypes (394 carcinomas and 14,865 adenomas) and compared their clinicopathological features. As exploratory analyses of pT1 carcinomas, we conducted whole-exome sequencing for 19 depressed and 8 protruded subtypes and RNA sequencing for 8 depressed and 8 protruded subtypes.

RESULTS:
pT1 carcinomas were more common in depressed lesions (66%) than in protruded (2.6%) and flat lesions (2.6%) (P < 0.001). Compared with nondepressed pT1 carcinomas, depressed pT1 carcinomas were positively correlated with lymphovascular invasion, tumor budding, and massive submucosal invasion and inversely correlated with the presence of an adenoma component (all P < 0.001). Depressed adenomas were more likely to contain high-grade dysplasia than nondepressed adenomas (49% vs 11%, P < 0.001). A KRAS mutation was observed only in one of the 19 depressed pT1 carcinomas. Relative to protruded carcinomas, depressed carcinomas generally exhibited higher expression of genes related to angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

DISCUSSION:
Depressed colorectal neoplasms may harbor a unique combination of malignant histopathological phenotypes and molecular features.