bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of a valved small conduit on systemic ventricle–pulmonary artery shunt in the Norwood-type palliation
Authors: Fujita Shuhei , Yamagishi Masaaki , Maeda Yoshinobu , Itatani Keiichi , Asada Satoshi , Hongu Hisayuki , Yamashita Eijiro , Takayanagi Yuji , Nakatsuji Hiroki , Yaku Hitoshi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to clarify the impact of valved systemic ventricle–pulmonary artery (SV–PA) shunt on outcomes after stage-1 Norwood-type palliation (NP) compared with the modified Blalock–Taussig shunt.

METHODS
Consecutive patients who underwent NP between 2003 and 2019 were enrolled. SV–PA shunts using the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene valved conduit were implanted in 18 patients (valved SV–PA group), and another 18 patients underwent modified Blalock–Taussig shunt during NP (modified Blalock–Taussig shunt group). All valved conduits were made in our institution in advance.

RESULTS
No differences in baseline characteristics were found between the groups, except for shunt size. During a median 2.9 (interquartile range 0.4–6.4, maximum 14.2) years of follow-up, 8 (22.2%) patients died across both groups. There were no statistically significant differences in early mortality (5.5% vs 11.1%, P = 0.55) and overall survival rates at 5 years (80.8% vs 71.4%, P = 0.48) in the valved SV–PA and modified Blalock–Taussig shunt groups. No statistically significant difference was observed in the frequency of interventions between the groups (31% vs 33%, P = 1.0). At the time of the bidirectional Glenn procedure, the systemic ventricular end-diastolic volume index was significantly lower (84 ± 24 vs 106 ± 31 ml/m2, P = 0.05) and the ejection fraction was significantly greater (62 ± 8% vs 55 ± 9%, P = 0.03) in the valved SV–PA group. There was no statistically significant difference in the pulmonary artery index (228 ± 85 vs 226 ± 60 mm2/m2, P = 0.92).

CONCLUSIONS
A valved SV–PA shunt using an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene valved conduit was associated with preserved ventricular function after NP and did not impair pulmonary artery growth by controlling pulmonary regurgitation.
Comorbid Chronic Conditions Among Older Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline, United States, 2015–2017
Authors: Taylor Christopher A , Bouldin Erin D , Greenlund Kurt J , McGuire Lisa C 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD), the self-reported experience of worsening or more frequent confusion or memory loss, may be associated with the development or worsening of chronic conditions or complicating their self-management. The objectives of this study were to (i) establish the prevalence of chronic conditions and multiple chronic conditions among adults with SCD, and (ii) compare the prevalence of chronic conditions among people with and without SCD and SCD-related functional limitations.

Research Design and Methods
Data were analyzed from the Cognitive Decline module of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System administered in 49 states, DC, and Puerto Rico during 2015–2017. Analyses included 220,221 respondents aged 45 years or older who answered the SCD screening question and reported their chronic conditions. Weighted estimates were calculated and chi-square tests were used for comparisons.

Results
Persons with a history of stroke, heart disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder had significantly higher prevalence of SCD compared to those without. The prevalence of having at least one chronic condition was higher among adults with SCD compared to adults without SCD in each age group (45–64 years: 77.4% vs 47.1%, p &lt; .001; ≥65 years: 86.3% vs 73.5%, p &lt; .001). Among those with SCD, the prevalence of an SCD-related functional limitation was higher among those with at least one chronic condition compared to those with none (45–64 years: 63.3% vs 42.4%, p &lt; .001; ≥65 years: 40.0% vs 25.1%, p &lt; .001). Only half of adults with SCD and a chronic condition had discussed their SCD with a health care professional.

Discussion and Implications
SCD and chronic conditions commonly co-occur. Having a chronic condition was associated with greater SCD-related functional limitations. SCD might complicate the management of chronic conditions, and patients and providers should be aware of increased risk for cognitive decline in the presence of chronic diseases.
Use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Devices Among the Oldest-Old: Loneliness, Anomie, and Autonomy
Authors: Schlomann Anna , Seifert Alexander , Zank Susanne , Woopen Christiane , Rietz Christian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
A good person–environment-fit has positive effects on well-being in old age. As digital technologies are an integral part of older adults’ environments, we predicted that the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) is associated with subjective well-being among the oldest-old. Specifically, we compared different user groups of ICT devices (nonusers, users of nonweb-connected ICT, users of web-connected ICT) and analyzed the relations among ICT use and three domains of subjective well-being (loneliness, anomie, autonomy).

Research Design and Methods
We performed a quantitative data analysis using data from the first representative state-wide survey study in North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany on quality of life and well-being of the oldest-old (n = 1,698; age range: 80–103; 9% long-term care). Multiple regression analyses were applied.

Results
The findings revealed that 25.9% of all individuals aged 80 years and older reported using web-connected ICT, in contrast to 38.5% who do not use ICT at all. Individuals who used web-connected ICT reported lower levels of loneliness and anomie, and higher levels of autonomy. These differences remain significant when controlling for indicators of social inclusion and individual characteristics.

Discussion and Implications
This study investigated an underexplored group in terms of ICT use, shedding light on the relationship between ICT use and subjective well-being. The oldest-old generally use ICT in their everyday life but an age-related digital divide still exists. To avoid negative consequences of nonuse digital infrastructures and technology training for older adults need to be established.
Adolfo Posada’s Krauso-positivist project of social and political reform: its impact on Spain, Argentina and Uruguay*
Authors: Hentschke Jens R 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Asturian Adolfo Posada, one of Spain’s leading intellectuals at the turn of the twentieth century, has remained largely unknown. This article uncovers the originality and significance of his theory of the State, in which Krausism merged with social positivism, and his endeavour to establish modern research universities that would form responsible elites and disseminate culture among workers. Intellectual leadership was to ‘Europeanize’ and regenerate the crisis–ridden country and, after 1898, build new relations with Hispanoamerica. The article argues that Posada’s polity and policy suggestions, while limited in their effects on Spain, had significant impact on Argentina and Uruguay.
‘That silken Priest’: Catholic disguise and anti-popery on the English Mission (1569–1640)*
Authors: Johanesen Sarah 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Disguise was essential for gaining access to Roman Catholic sacraments in post-Reformation England. This article considers the role of such non-devotional materials in confessional conflict and Catholic religious life. It discusses how the materiality and language of clothing, accessories and personal appearance could be used to emphasize disguise, and its wearers, as a threatening force. It then analyses how anti-papal narratives compared to the reality of Catholic disguise strategies, before demonstrating how those strategies complicated Catholic self-representation. Both in conflict with Protestants and intra-Catholic disputes, the materiality of Catholic appearance could become a political weapon.
Approximate controllability of second order nonlocal neutral differential evolution inclusions
Authors: Vijayakumar V , Udhayakumar R , Dineshkumar C 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In our manuscript, we organize a group of sufficient conditions of approximate controllability for second order nonlocal neutral differential evolution inclusions. Next, we develop the result to analyze approximate controllability of impulsive systems. Lastly, a model is presented for illustration of theory.
Memeing and Speaking Vernacular Security on Social Media: YouTube and Twitter Resistance to an ISIS Islamist Terror Threat to Marseille, France
Authors: Downing Joseph 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis article intervenes in critical terrorism studies and conceptions of vernacular security to argue that social media has become an important arena for everyday constructions of terrorism and (in)security. Rich, multimodal, social media data provide important means to understand digital forms of everyday constructions of (in)security that discuss, subvert, and parody dominant terrorism and security narratives in the wake of the rise of the Islamic State group. Methodologically, this argument is pursued through a thematic analysis of a YouTube video authored by a French Muslim that defies an ISIS threat to his hometown of Marseille and the resulting, multiauthored Twitter response. By tracking this vernacular discussion of (in)security across social media platforms, this article demonstrates that, while some intertextuality exists, the crossing of platforms changes both the form and substance of security discussions. Within this, symbols, features and properties of the local urban environment of Marseille are the dominant symbolic resources that are utilized, reconstructed, and deployed to structure and subvert everyday discussions of (in)security. The dominant theme that crosses both YouTube and Twitter is that users perceive the French security services as impotent, and that resistance to ISIS can paradoxically only come from local vectors of insecurity, crime, and violence linked to the ongoing proliferation of organized crime in Marseille. This demonstrates not only that the ability of political satire to enable the powerless to resist the powerful applies in the context of (in)security but also that it enables the powerless to resist “powerful” coercive nonstate actors.
Deromanticising integration: On the importance of convivial disintegration
Authors: Meissner Fran , Heil Tilmann 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn light of current experiences with migration-driven diversification, is it still conducive to think about the effects of international migration by advocating for immigrant integration? This article argues that there are key problems with European uses of immigrant integration logics that cannot be resolved through redefinitions or reappropriations of the term. Even highly refined notions of immigrant integration misconstrue the role and relevance of differences in diversity dynamics. Immigrant integration further risks concealing and perpetuating power dynamics and (colonial) hierarchies. These continue to shape the social relevance of differences. Analytically thinking about superdiversity directs us to paying more attention to disintegration, a notion that cannot be reduced and measured by way of individual or group performance. To be able to usefully engage with disintegration, we argue that it needs to be divorced from ideas about social fragmentation and social collapse. To do this, we draw on recent developments in the literature on conviviality to emphasise the relational practices, power asymmetries, and materialities that enter into negotiations of difference. Convivial disintegration aptly addresses continuously reconfiguring and uncertain social environments. Our article thus provides a deromanticised and enabling provocation for easing integration anxieties.
Efficient dust ring formation in misaligned circumbinary discs
Authors: Aly Hossam , Lodato Giuseppe 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
Binary systems exert a gravitational torque on misaligned discs orbiting them, causing differential precession which may produce disc warping and tearing. While this is well understood for gas-only discs, misaligned cirumbinary discs of gas and dust have not been thoroughly investigated. We perform SPH simulations of misaligned gas and dust discs around binaries to investigate the different evolution of these two components. We choose two different disc aspect ratios: A thin case for which the gas disc always breaks, and a thick one where a smooth warp develops throughout the disc. For each case, we run simulations of five different dust species with different degrees of coupling with the gas component, varying in Stokes number from 0.002 (strongly coupled dust) to 1000 (effectively decoupled dust). We report two new phenomena: First, large dust grains in thick discs pile up at the warp location, forming narrow dust rings, due to a difference in precession between the gas and dust components. These pile ups do not form at gas pressure maxima, and hence are different from conventional dust traps. This effect is most evident for St ∼ 10–100. Secondly, thin discs tear and break only in the gas, while dust particles with St ≥ 10 form a dense dust trap due to the steep pressure gradient caused by the break in the gas. We find that dust with St ≤ 0.02 closely follow the gas particles, for both thin and thick discs, with radial drift becoming noticeable only for the largest grains in this range.
The Effect of Proton Pump Inhibitor Withdrawal on Dabigatran Etexilate Plasma Levels in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Washout Study
Authors: Schnierer Martin , Samoš Matej , Bolek Tomáš , Škorňová Ingrid , Nosáková Lenka , Bánovčin Peter , Galajda Peter , Stasko Ján , Kubisz Peter , Hyrdel Rudolf , Mokáň Marián 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Several studies demonstrated that proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) co-administrated with dabigatran in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) decreased dabigatran trough and peak plasma levels. However, it is still unknown whether this interaction is reversible or not, and whether the withdrawal of PPI would lead to normalization of dabigatran plasma levels.

Aim of study:
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PPI withdrawal on dabigatran plasma levels in patients with AF.

Methods:
This pilot prospective study enrolled 23 AF patients on long-term dabigatran and PPI therapy (omeprazole 20 mg twice daily or pantoprazole 40 mg once daily). Dabigatran trough and peak levels (ng/mL) were tested on PPI and after a 2-week period of PPI withdrawal with Hemoclot Thrombin Inhibitor Assay.

Results:
The analysis of dabigatran plasma levels demonstrated significant elevation in trough dabigatran levels after 2 weeks of PPI withdrawal (97.2 ± 79.7 vs. 163.8 ± 105.5 ng/mL; P < 0.05). Moreover, significantly higher peak dabigatran levels were observed after 2 weeks of PPI withdrawal (142.4 ± 102.8 vs. 255 ± 129.5 ng/mL; P ≤ 0.001).

Conclusions:
This study showed that a 2-week period of PPI withdrawal lead to a significant increase in dabigatran trough and peak plasma levels in patients with AF.
Artemisinin Attenuated Atherosclerosis in High-Fat Diet–Fed ApoE−/− Mice by Promoting Macrophage Autophagy Through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 Pathway
Authors: Cao Qian , Du Hongjiao , Fu Xi , Duan Na , Liu Changhe , Li Xiaodong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract:
Artemisinin is an endoperoxide sesquiterpene lactone from Artemisia annua L with multiple beneficial effects, including anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and vascular protection. Recent studies have found that inflammation along with autophagy deficiency in macrophages is the possible reason for foam cell accumulation in the intima, which leads to atherosclerotic plaque formation. The primary aims of this study were to explore the inhibiting effect of artemisinin on atherosclerosis in high-fat diet–fed ApoE−/− mice and investigate the probable mechanism. Artemisinin (50 and 100 mg/kg, intragastric administration) treatment effectively inhibited foamy macrophage transformation and decreased atherosclerotic plaque formation in atherosclerotic mice. Moreover, artemisinin promoted AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, inhibited mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and uncoordinated-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) phosphorylation, and increased LC-3II accumulation and P62 degradation, thereby enhancing macrophage autophagy. Besides, the inhibiting effect of artemisinin on mTOR and ULK1 phosphorylation could be abrogated by AMPK knockdown, suggesting AMPK was the essential target of artemisinin on promoting macrophage autophagy. Our study indicated that artemisinin alleviated atherosclerotic lesions by accelerating macrophage autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway.
BAP1 GERMLINE MUTATION WITH IRIDOCILIOCHOROIDAL MELANOMA AND MALIGNANT PERITONEAL MESOTHELIOMA
Authors: Yaghy Antonio , Lim Li-Anne , Mashayekhi Arman , Shields Carol L. 
Published: January 2020

Purpose:

BAP1 germline mutation can promote risk of uveal melanoma and mesothelioma. In this study, we report a patient with BAP1 germline mutation and uveal melanoma who developed a rare form of mesothelioma in the peritoneum.

Method:
Case report.

Results:
A 55-year-old white man noted blurred vision in the left eye. Examination revealed superotemporal episcleral sentinel vessels and a dark brown iris mass suspicious for melanoma, with angle invasion and involvement of the ciliochoroidal region. The tumor measured 14 mm in diameter and 10.3 mm in thickness. A diagnosis of iridociliochoroidal melanoma was rendered and plaque radiotherapy applied. Genetic testing revealed BAP1 germline mutation. At 3.5-year follow-up, tumor control was achieved, but radiation-related complications led to enucleation. At 5.5-year follow-up, incidental findings by laparoscopy revealed multiple peritoneal tumors, histopathologically proven to be malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. Lung evaluation was normal, and there was no melanoma-related or mesothelioma-related metastasis. Likewise, magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen showed no evidence of hepatic metastasis.

Conclusion:
BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome can promote risk of uveal melanoma and malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. Cancer screening for these malignancies is warranted.
Fibrous Dysplasia-like Lacrimal Sac Tumor Associated With Dacryocystitis
Authors: Charles Norman C. , Hoda Syed T. , Patel Payal , Kim Eleanore T. , Belinsky Irina 
Published: January 2020

A 72-year-old woman who presented with right-sided epiphora and conjunctivitis underwent a probing and irrigation procedure with normal results. She improved with antibiotic-steroid drops. A swelling in the medial canthal region completely resolved. One year later, she returned with symptoms of dacryocystitis. An external dacryocystorhinostomy was performed. Characteristic dacryoliths were removed from the sac lumen, and biopsy of the sac wall showed spicules of lamellar bone within a fibrous stroma. Diagnosed as fibrous dysplasia of the lacrimal sac, this rare entity represents the second such case in the literature.
The histopathology of an ossified lacrimal sac resembled fibrous dysplasia of bone and exemplifies the second case of this rare entity in the literature.
Cleaning Products and Work-Related Asthma, 10 Year Update
Authors: Rosenman Kenneth , Reilly Mary Jo , Pechter Elise , Fitzsimmons Kathleen , Flattery Jennifer , Weinberg Justine , Cummings Karen , Borjan Marija , Lumia Margaret , Harrison Robert , Dodd Katelynn , Schleiff Patricia 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
To describe the frequency of work-related asthma (WRA) and characteristics of individuals with exposure to cleaning products 1998 to 2012, compared with 1993 to 1997.

Methods:
Cases of WRA from products used for cleaning or disinfecting surfaces were identified from California, Massachusetts, Michigan (1998 to 2012), New Jersey (1998 to 2011), and New York (2009 to 2012).

Results:
There were 1199 (12.4%) cleaning product cases among all 9667 WRA cases; 77.8% women, 62.1% white non-Hispanic, and average age of 43 years. The highest percentages worked in healthcare (41.1%), and were building cleaners (20.3%), or registered nurses (14.1%).

Conclusions:
The percentage of WRA cases from exposure to cleaning products from 1998 to 2012 was unchanged from 1993 to 1997 indicating that continued and additional prevention efforts are needed to reduce unnecessary use, identify safer products, and implement safer work processes.
The Effect of Body Composition and Energy Expenditure on Permethrin Biomarker Concentrations Among US Army National Guard Members
Authors: Scarpaci Matthew M. , Haven Caitlin C. , Maule Alexis L. , Heaton Kristin J. , Taylor Kathryn M. , Rood Jennifer , Ospina Maria , Calafat Antonia M. , Proctor Susan P. 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
To examine relationships between percent body fat (%BF) and total energy expenditure (TEE) on permethrin exposure among Army National Guard (ARNG) Soldiers wearing permethrin-treated uniforms.

Methods:
ARNG members (n = 47) participated in a 9-day study. Repeated body composition (height, weight, %BF) measurements and daily urine samples, analyzed for permethrin and N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) metabolites, were collected. TEE was determined via doubly labeled water protocol. Linear mixed and regression models were used for analyses.

Results:
Neither %BF nor TEE were significantly associated with permethrin or DEET biomarkers. However, a significant interaction effect (F = 10.76; P = 0.0027) between laundering history and %BF was observed; 10% higher %BF was significantly associated with 25% higher permethrin biomarker concentrations among those wearing uniforms washed less than or equal to 25 (compared with more than 25) times.

Conclusions:
Uniform laundering history significantly affects the association between %BF and permethrin-treated uniform exposure.
The Prevalence of Chronic Diseases Among Current and Ex-Miners in the United States
Authors: Arif Ahmed A. , Adeyemi Oluwaseun 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
To determine and compare the prevalence and odds of chronic diseases among ex- and current miners.

Methods:
Fourteen-year pooled data from the National Health Interview Survey between 2004 and 2017 were analyzed. Ex- and current miners ages 18 to 64 years were defined based on employment status at the time of National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) interview. We calculated age-adjusted prevalence rates and odds ratios of association of chronic diseases. The analysis was adjusted for respondent's age, sex, race, marital status, poverty–income ratio, health insurance, and smoking status.

Results:
Ex-miners have significantly increased prevalence of most chronic diseases. The age-adjusted prevalence and the adjusted odds of heart disease, cancer, hypertension, diabetes, and psychological stress were significantly higher among ex-miners as compared with current miners.

Conclusions:
Ex-miners have worse health outcomes that may persist for years after leaving the mining industry.