bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AN ACOUSTICAL CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF SUNDANESE CENTRAL VOWELS
Authors: Irawan Yusup 
Published: February 2020

The first, this research is intended to identify acoustic profiles of the two central vowels in Sundanese, viz /ə/ and /ö/. The second, this research is intended to searches the acoustic contrasts between the two vowels. Experimental method was applied in this research. The result shows that vowel /ə/ has higher first fromant (F1) than vowel /ö/ both at opened syllable and at closed syllable. However, for the other acoustic properties—the second formant (F2), fundamental frequency (Fo), duration (ms), and intensity (dB)—vowel /ö/ has higher acoustic values than vowel /ə/. In correlation with the second research objective, viz to search acoustic properties which contrast the two central vowels, it’s found that all acoustic properties (F1, F2, Fo, duration and intensity) contrast the two Sundanese central vowels. All statistical tests which were applied show the results that there are significant differences of the acoustic properties between both central vowels.
CLINICAL RISK INDEX FOR BABIES (CRIB SCORE) AS A PREDICTOR OF NEONATAL MORTALITY
Authors: Zarmast Khan  , Nasir Zulﬁqar  , Hamid Mahmood et al.  
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT:OBJECTIVE: It is very important to predict the outcome among preterm and very low birth weight babies as mortality rates are quite high. CRIB score is used to predict the outcomes in preterm neonates. The objective of this study was to determine the strength of CRIB score in detecting neonatal mortality in babies presenting with very low birth weight.
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.
SUBJECTS: A total of 254 newborns with birth weight of between 500 to 1500 grams and gestational age of ≤35 weeks were included. The study was conducted over a period of 6 months in neonatology department of Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad.
METHODS: CRIB score was obtained through a prospective way in all neonates and its association was assessed with mortality during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay.
RESULTS: The percentage of male and female newborn subjects was 54.3% (n=138) and 45.7% (n=116) respectively. Mean gestational age was 33.3 weeks ± 1.04 and mean birth weight of study population was 1129.9 grams ± 210.6. Mean CRIB score among the study population was 6.3 ± 3.1 and overall mortality was found to be 54.7% (n=139). Mean CRIB score was found to be 8.27 ± 2.1 among mortality group and it was 3.87 ± 3.4 among newborns who were discharged (P<0.05). Mortality was present in 4.3% (n=4) of neonates with CRIB score between 1-5, 87.1% (n=121) who had CRIB score between 6-10 and 100% (n=14) of neonates who had CRIB score between 1115 (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: Signiﬁcantly higher mortality was noted among neonates with higher CRIB scores.
Directive (EU) 2019/790 on copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market and the question of approximation of Ukrainian legislation to its provisions
Authors: KAPITSA U. 
Published: February 2020

The article explores the provisions of the Directive (EU) 2019/790 on copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market and the question of the adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to its provisions. It highlights importance of the Directive provisions for the development of national law on fair compensation to authors and performers for the use of works and performances.
Characterization of the Particle-induced Background of XMM-Newton EPIC-pn: Short- and Long-term Variability
Authors: Bulbul Esra , Kraft Ralph , Nulsen Paul , Freyberg Michael , Miller Eric D. , Grant Catherine , Bautz Mark W. , Burrows David N. , Allen Steven , Eraerds Tanja , Fioretti Valentina , Gastaldello Fabio , Ghirardini Vittorio , Hall David , Meidinger Norbert , Molendi Silvano , Rau Arne , Wilkins Dan , Wilms Joern 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The particle-induced background of X-ray observatories is produced by galactic cosmic ray (GCR) primary protons, electrons, and He ions. Events due to direct interaction with the detector are usually removed by onboard processing. The interactions of these primary particles with the detector environment produce secondary particles that mimic X-ray events from celestial sources, and are much more difficult to identify. The filter-wheel closed data from the XMM-Newton EPIC-pn camera in small window mode (SWM) contains both the X-ray-like background events, and the events due to direct interactions with the primary particles. From this data, we demonstrate that X-ray-like background events are spatially correlated with the primary particle interaction. This result can be used to further characterize and reduce the non-X-ray background in silicon-based X-ray detectors in current and future missions. We also show that spectrum and pattern fractions of secondary particle events are different from those produced by cosmic X-rays.
A Joint Mass–Radius–Period Distribution of Exoplanets
Authors: Neil Andrew R. , Rogers Leslie A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The radius–period distribution of exoplanets has been characterized by the Kepler survey, and the empirical mass–radius relation by the subset of Kepler planets with mass measurements. We combine the two in order to constrain the joint mass–radius–period distribution of Kepler transiting planets. We employ hierarchical Bayesian modeling and mixture models to formulate four models with varying complexity and fit these models to the data. We find that the most complex models that treat planets with significant gaseous envelopes, evaporated core planets, and intrinsically rocky planets as three separate populations are preferred by the data and provide the best fit to the observed distribution of Kepler planets. We use these models to calculate occurrence rates of planets in different regimes and to predict masses of Kepler planets, revealing the model-dependent nature of both. When using models with envelope mass loss to calculate η
⊕, we find nearly an order of magnitude drop, indicating that many Earth-like planets discovered with Kepler may be evaporated cores which do not extrapolate out to higher orbital periods. This work provides a framework for higher-dimensional studies of planet occurrence and for using mixture models to incorporate different theoretical populations of planets.
Revealing the Double Nucleus of NGC 4490
Authors: Lawrence Al , Kerton C. R. , Struck Curtis , Smith Beverly J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
NGC 4490/85 (UGC 7651/48) or Arp 269 is well known for being one of the closest interacting/merging galactic systems. NGC 4490 has a high star formation rate (SFR) and is surrounded by an enormous H i feature stretching about 60 kpc north and south of the optically visible galaxies. Both the driver for the high SFR in NGC 4490 and the formation mechanism of the H i structure are puzzling aspects of this system. We have used mid-infrared Spitzer data to show that NGC 4490 has a double nucleus morphology. One nucleus is visible in the optical, while the other is only visible at infrared and radio wavelengths. We find the optical nucleus and the potential infrared visible nucleus have similar sizes, masses, and luminosities. Both are comparable in mass and luminosity to other nuclei found in interacting galaxy pairs and much more massive and luminous compared with typical nonnuclear star-forming complexes. We examine possible origin scenarios for the infrared feature, and conclude that it is likely that NGC 4490 is itself a merger remnant, which is now interacting with NGC 4485. This earlier encounter provides both a possible driver for extended star formation in NGC 4490, and multiple pathways for the formation of the extended H i plume.
Realistic On-the-fly Outcomes of Planetary Collisions. II. Bringing Machine Learning to N-body Simulations
Authors: Emsenhuber Alexandre , Cambioni Saverio , Asphaug Erik , Gabriel Travis S. J. , Schwartz Stephen R. , Furfaro Roberto 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Terrestrial planet formation theory is at a bottleneck, with the growing realization that pairwise collisions are treated far too simply. Here, and in our companion paper that introduces the training methodology, we demonstrate the first application of machine learning to more realistically model the late stage of planet formation by giant impacts. We present surrogate models that give fast, reliable answers for the masses and velocities of the two largest remnants of a giant impact, as a function of the colliding masses and their impact velocity and angle, with the caveat that our training data do not yet include pre-impact rotation or variable thermal conditions. We compare canonical N-body scenarios of terrestrial planet formation assuming perfect merger with our more realistic treatment that includes inefficient accretions and hit-and-run collisions. The result is a protracted tail of final events lasting ∼200 Myr, and the conversion of about half the mass of the initial population to debris. We obtain profoundly different solar system architectures, featuring a much wider range of terrestrial planet masses and enhanced compositional diversity.
Towards conserving natural diversity: A biotic inventory by observations, specimens, DNA barcoding and high-throughput sequencing methods
Authors: Bowser Matthew , Brassfield Rebekah , Dziergowski Annie , Eskelin Todd , Hester Jennifer , Magness Dawn , McInnis Mariah , Melvin Tracy , Morton John , Stone Joel 
Published: February 2020

The Kenai National Wildlife Refuge has been given a broad conservation mandate to conserve natural diversity. A prerequisite for fulfilling this purpose is to be able to identify the species and communities that make up that biodiversity.We tested a set of varied methods for inventory and monitoring of plants, birds and terrestrial invertebrates on a grid of 40 sites in a 938 ha study area in the Slikok Creek watershed, Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. We sampled plants and lichens through observation and specimen-based methods. We surveyed birds using bird call surveys on variable circular plots. We sampled terrestrial arthropods by sweep net sampling, processing samples with High Throughput Sequencing methods. We surveyed for earthworms, using the hot mustard extraction method and identified worm specimens by morphology and DNA barcoding. We examined community membership using clustering methods and Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling.We documented a total of 4,764 occurrences of 984 species and molecular operational taxonomic units: 87 vascular plants, 51 mosses, 12 liverworts, 111 lichens, 43 vertebrates, 663 arthropods, 9 molluscs and 8 annelid worms. Amongst these records, 102 of the arthropod species appeared to be new records for Alaska. We found three non-native species:Deroceras agreste(Linnaeus, 1758) (Stylommatophora: Agriolimacidae),Dendrobaena octaedra(Savigny, 1826) (Crassiclitellata: Lumbricidae) andHeterarthrus nemoratus(Fallén, 1808) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). BothD. octaedraandH. nemoratuswere found at sites distant from obvious human disturbance. The 40 sites were grouped into five community groups: upland mixed forest, black spruce forest, open deciduous forest, shrub-sedge bog and willow.We demonstrated that, at least for a subset of species that could be detected using these methods, we were able to document current species distributions and assemblages in a way that could be efficiently repeated for the purposes of biomonitoring. While our methods could be improved and additional methods and groups could be added, our combination of techniques yielded a substantial portion of the data necessary for fulfilling Kenai National Wildlife Refuge's broad conservation purposes.
Doctor of Nursing Practice Program Development: Reengineering Health Care
Authors: Wall Barbra M. , Novak Julie C. , Wilkerson Sharon A. 
Published: February 2020

In this article, we describe the developmental process of a Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) program that uses interdisciplinary resources to create unique DNP curriculum opportunities. Other schools may benefit from this experience in the development of their own DNP programs. The program delivers an innovative curriculum from post-baccalaureate to doctorate, emphasizing health care engineering and interdisciplinary collaboration among faculty, hospitals, community leaders, and policymakers. This DNP program is uniquely situated to provide leadership in solving complex clinical problems through its partnership with the Regenstrief Center for Healthcare Engineering, the School of Pharmacy, the Homeland Security Institute, and the Center on Aging and the Life Course.
Doctoral coursework, interdisciplinary collaboration, health care engineering/systems approaches, and new knowledge result in uniquely qualified providers. Post-baccalaureate students complete the university's Adult Nurse Practitioner program or its developing Pediatric Nurse Practitioner program during the first 2 years of the 4-year curriculum. A total of 83 post-baccalaureate credit hours include 1,526 hours of supervised clinical practice, a health policy residency, and cognate residencies in an area of specialization. The seven core competencies recommended by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing are incorporated into the curriculum.
Hermeneutic Notions Augment Cultural Safety Education
Authors: Spence Deb G. 
Published: February 2020

Nurses are beginning to demand educational approaches that confront racism, rather than teach cultural diversity. One example of the latter approach is the introduction of
kawa whakaruruhau
, or cultural safety, in nursing and midwifery education in New Zealand. In the nursing and midwifery context of kawa whakaruruhau, nurses and midwives recognize, respect, and nurture the unique cultural identity of New Zealand's indigenous people, the
tangata whenua
, and safely meets their needs, expectations, and rights.

In this article, I integrate literature pertaining to the implementation of cultural safety with the findings of a hermeneutic project that described the experience of nursing people from cultures other than one's own, and argue that the Gadamerian notions of “horizon,” “prejudice,” and “play” can be used to facilitate understanding of the tensions and contradictions inherent in cross-cultural practice. In addition, I recommend strategies that enable students to explore the prejudices, paradoxes, and possibilities experienced personally and professionally.
As Gadamer noted, the art is in seeing what is questionable. There is also art in knowing how to question in a manner that makes new understanding possible.
Current and future global potential distribution of the fruit fly Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Authors: Reyes Justo A. , Lira-Noriega Andrés 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDrosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a pest that causes severe damage to various fruits, generating economic losses. We evaluated its potential geographic distribution under current and future climatic conditions using an ecological niche modelling approach, based on the largest available database on occurrence records for this species. Additionally, we identified areas of risk to agricultural land and crops. Predictions under current climatic conditions indicated that this species is likely to be present across broad swaths of the United States of America, southeastern Asia, southeastern Australia, New Zealand, and Europe. We predict considerable expansion of its potential range for 2050, mainly in the Northern Hemisphere, because of ongoing climate change, under both low and high emissions scenarios.
MicroRNA-181a-3p as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Ma Xiaoling 
Published: February 2020

Background: Micro (mi)RNAs play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and their abnormal expression may be sufficient to predict the prognosis and outcomes in AML patients. We evaluated the clinical diagnostic value of miRNA-181a-3p in predicting prognosis and outcomes in patients with AML.
Methods: A total of 119 newly diagnosed adult patients with AML and 60 healthy controls were recruited. Blood specimens were obtained from all AML patients at diagnosis, and 10 blood specimens were obtained on day 28 after induction chemotherapy. The controls also provided blood samples. MiR-181a-3p expression was quantified by PCR, and relative miRNA expression was determined using the comparative Ct method.
Results: Compared with healthy controls, the expression of miRNA-181a-3p was significantly increased in patients with AML. MiR-181a-3p expression could be used to discriminate AML patients from controls, with up-regulated expression correlating with favorable prognosis. Moreover, miRNA-181a-3p expression was significantly decreased in patients who achieved a complete response after induction chemotherapy. The multivariate Cox analysis highlighted the prognostic value of miR-181a-3p for patients with AML.
Conclusions: MiR-181a-3p may be clinically useful as a disease marker for AML, and enhanced the prediction of patient outcomes to chemotherapy.
The impact of chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on humoral immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases
Authors: Garonzi Chiara , Balter Rita , Tridello Gloria , Pegoraro Anna , Pegoraro Manuela , Pacenti Monia , Scattolo Novella , Cesaro Simone 
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND, OBJECTIVES
The antibody titer of vaccine-preventable disease in 70 patients who underwent chemotherapy or haemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was assessed in order to evaluate the seroprotection after treatment and the feasibility and the efficacy of a policy of revaccination.
METHODS
Serum antibody titers of 70 patients for hepatitis B (HBV), Rubella, Varicella-zoster (VZV), Measles, Mumps, Polio viruses, Clostridium tetani (C. tetani) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. Pneumoniae) were analysed.
RESULTS
After chemotherapy, a lack of protective antibody titers against HBV, Rubella, VZV, Measles, Mumps, Polio viruses, C. tetani and S. Pneumoniae were found in 53%, 45%, 46%, 46%, 43%, 21-26%, 88% and 55% of patients, respectively. In patients who were tested both before and after chemotherapy, the loss of immunity was respectively 39%, 43%, 38%, 42%, 32%, 33%, and 80%. A low number of B-lymphocytes was associated with the loss of immunity against Measles (p=0.04) whereas a high number of CD8+ T-lymphocytes was associated with the loss of immunity against VZV (p=0.03). A single booster of vaccine dose resulted in a seroprotection for HBV, Rubella, VZV, Measles, Mumps, Polio viruses, C. tetani and S. Pneumoniae in 67%, 83%, 80%, 67%, 33%, 100%, 88% and 67% of patients, respectively.
After HSCT, the rates of lack and loss of vaccine immunity differ by the infectious disease considered.
CONCLUSIONS
We confirm that seroprotection for vaccine-preventable disease is affected by treatment for pediatric malignancy. A single booster dose of vaccine might be a practical way to restore vaccine immunity in patients after chemotherapy.
Fine mapping of Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in rural area of South West Odisha using the clinical, hematological and molecular approach
Authors: Kumar Ravindra , Singh MPSS , Mahapatra Soumendu , Chourasia Sonam , Tripathi Malay Kumar , Oommen John , Bharti Praveen Kumar , Shanmugam Rajasubramaniam 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: The aim of the study was to enumerate the clinical, hematological and molecular spectrum of G6PD deficiency in malaria endemic regions of south west Odisha.
Methods: Diagnosis of G6PD deficiency was made by using the Di-chloroindophenol Dye test in from two south west districts (Kalahandi and Rayagada) of Odisha State. Demographic and clinical history was taken from each individual using a pre-structured questionnaire. Molecular characterization of G6PD deficiency was done using PCR-RFLP and Sanger sequencing.
Results: A total of 1981 individuals were screened, out of which 59 (2.97%) individuals were found G6PD deficient. Analysis revealed that G6PD deficiency was more in males (4.0%) as compared to females (2.3%). G6PD deficiency was significantly higher in tribal population (4.8%) as compared to non-tribal populations (2.4%) (p=0.012, OR=2.014, 95%CI =1.206-3.365). Individuals with history of malaria and G6PD deficiency have high risk of need of blood transfusion than G6PD normal individuals (p=0.026, OR=3.816, 95%CI=1.079-13.496). Molecular analysis revealed G6PD Orissa as the most common (88%) mutation 88% in the studied cohort. G6PD Kaiping (n=3), G6PD Coimbra (n=2) and G6PD Union (n=1) were also identified in studied cohort.
Conclusion: The cumulative prevalence of G6PD deficiency the present is below the estimated national prevalence. G6PD deficiency was higher in tribes as compared to non-tribes. Rare G6PD Kaiping and G6PD Union variants have been identified.
Archi-Prevaleat project. A National Register of color-Doppler ultrasonography of the epi-aortic vessels in Patients Living with HIV
Authors: Martini S , Ferrara S , Bellacosa C , Ceresia B M , Taccari F , Di Filippo G , Tartaglia A , Gaeta G , Maggi Paolo 
Published: February 2020

Persons Living with HIV (PLWH) are at higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the general population. Carotid ultrasound is a non-invasive diagnostic tool, aimed at the assessment of vascular anatomy and function. Our present aim is to generate a National Register of color-Doppler ultrasonography (Archi-Prevaleat) to better evaluate the characteristics of vascular lesions in PLWH on a large number of data.
El docente escritor: una estrategia para la enseñanza de la expresión escrita
Authors: Carballo Palma Anielka 
Published: February 2020

La enseñanza-aprendizaje de la expresión escrita ha suscitado una serie de modelos y enfoques que orientan al docente. Sin embargo, el alumno muchas veces no posee los conocimientos, habilidades y actitud para aprendera mejorar su redacción. La intervención del docente, como escritor experto, es esencial para que el estudiante lo observe y aprenda de él, teniendo siempre presente que el proceso de escritura es individual y el alumno debe buscar su propio estilo.
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Stem Cell-Based Technologies in Huntington’s Disease Therapy
Authors: Kerkis Irina , Macedo da Silva Joyce , Valverde Wenceslau Cristiane , Caroline Mambelli-Lisboa Nicole , Osorio Frare Eduardo 
Published: February 2020

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Huntington’s disease (HD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and Parkinson’s disease (PD), are characterized by changes in the levels and activities of neurotrophic factors (NTFs), such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments demonstrate in fact the linkage between wild-type huntingtin (HTT) and gene transcription and intracellular transport of BDNF. In the present chapter, we will analyze the involvement of BDNF in HD and other neurodegenerative diseases. We will discuss the current BDNF technologies focusing on stem cell therapies that induce BDNF upregulation, for instance, the method of autologous mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) culturing in the presence of cocktail of BDNF inducers and factors (MSC/BDNF), genetic engineering of MSC and their use as a vector for BDNF gene delivery, and combined method of establishment of embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived BDNF-overexpressing neural progenitors, which is still at the preclinical stage. Clinical trial that uses MSC/BDNF is already in course, while genetic engineering of MSC/BDNF is in perspective to treat adult and juvenile HD. The potential application of these technologies is beyond HD. Other neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases also can be further included in the list of clinical trials that use MSC/BDNF or even ESC/BDNF-overexpressing neural progenitors.