bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of a methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) eradication protocol in pediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) patients
Authors: Belarski Emily , Pettit Rebecca 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveMethicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients have greatly increased in prevalence in the past two decades and may lead to a more rapid rate of lung function decline. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a MRSA eradication protocol on long‐term culture results and clinical outcomes of pediatric CF patients in a real‐world setting.MethodsThis was a single‐center, retrospective study of children age 30 days to 17 years. Eradication followed the STAR‐too study protocol. The primary outcome was the percent of patients with MRSA‐negative cultures at 12 months. Secondary outcomes were the percent of patients with negative cultures at 3, 6, and greater than 12 months and changes in clinical outcomes compared to individual baseline.ResultsOf the 55 patients who met inclusion criteria, 10 received protocol eradication. Baseline characteristics were similar between eradication and control groups except more eradication patients were on ivacaftor (30% vs 4%; P = .037). Two eradication patients did not receive rifampin due to ivacaftor use. Eradication did not significantly increase the percent of MRSA‐negative cultures at 3 months (P = .122), 6 months (P = .058), or 12 months (P = .108); however, did increase culture negativity at greater than 12 months (P = .008). Eradication resulted in no significant differences in clinical outcomes compared to control.ConclusionsAn extensive eradication protocol may lead to an increased clearance rate of long‐term CF respiratory cultures but does not appear to affect clinical outcomes. Eradication may be reasonable to attempt; however, more data is needed before routine recommendation in all patients.
Diagnostic and therapeutic value of pelvic lymph node dissection in the fossa of Marcille in patients with clinically localized high‐risk prostate cancer: Histopathological and molecular analyses
Authors: Bando Yukari , Hinata Nobuyuki , Terakawa Tomoaki , Furukawa Junya , Harada Kenichi , Nakano Yuzo , Fujisawa Masato 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal extent of lymph node dissection in radical prostatectomy has not been determined. Lymph nodes in the fossa of Marcille, which is an important pelvic lymphatic pathway and candidate for additional dissection, have not been evaluated at the molecular level. Here, we assessed by molecular analysis the presence of occult positive lymph nodes in the fossa of Marcille in patients with clinically localized high‐risk prostate cancer.MethodsFifty‐two patients with clinically localized high‐risk prostate cancer underwent pelvic lymph node dissection accompanied by robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy. All nodal packets were dissected separately and grouped into right and left obturator, external and internal iliac regions (including common iliac region to ureter crossing), and fossa of Marcille. All lymph nodes were bisected and evaluated by histopathological or molecular analysis using a quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. The number of positive lymph nodes in the fossa of Marcille and the difference in detection rate were investigated using histopathological and molecular analyses. Perioperative complication rate and predictive factors for biochemical recurrence were evaluated.ResultsIn the molecular analysis, there were seven positive lymph nodes in the fossa of Marcille in three patients, which were coexistent with positive nodes in other regions. The detection rate of positive lymph nodes was significantly higher using molecular than histopathological analysis (P < .01). Perioperative complication rate within 90 days after the operation was 25.0% and no Clavien‐Dindo grade ≥3 complication was confirmed. Detection of metastasis by histopathological and molecular analysis was a significant factor related to biochemical recurrence in the Cox proportional hazards regression model.ConclusionsNo case of positive lymph nodes in the fossa of Marcille that had skipped over other regions was confirmed. Additional lymph node dissection of fossa of Marcille did not lead to complete resection of molecularly positive lymph nodes.
Editorial: Transnational youth mobilities: Emotions, inequities, and temporalities
Authors: Cheung Judge Ruth , Blazek Matej , Esson James 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis editorial outlines a research agenda for critical exploration of transnational youth mobilities centred on three concepts: emotions, inequity, and temporality. This agenda offers novel perspectives on the interplay between geographies of social difference and the multiscalar forces governing and being made through mobility. Emotions advance theorisations of agency by providing a generative lens to examine how aspirations, social relationships, and political subjectivities intersect to inform young people's lifeworlds and mobilities. Critical analyses of how youth navigate challenging structural conditions are shown to be sharpened by considering the mutually constitutive nature of inequity and (im)mobility. A temporal lens reveals how youth mobilities are driven, experienced, and shaped by structural and social dynamics including, but not limited to, precarity, border regimes, and intergenerationality. We conclude by charting how further explorations into the diverse emotions and temporalities of youth mobility, centred on questions of inequity, can significantly advance scholarly debates within and beyond population geography.
Räumliche Effekte in elastischen Stößen von Kugeln
Authors: Willert Emanuel 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel werden zwei Aspekte genauer untersucht, deren Einflüsse bei der Vereinfachung der Bewegungsgleichungen zweier räumlich zusammenstoßender Kugeln in Abschn. 2.2.1 als vernachlässigbar klein verworfen wurden. Dies betrifft einerseits einige dynamische Effekte durch die Rotation der Stoßachse (und deren Einfluss auf die Kontaktmechanik) und andererseits die torsionale Komponente des Stoßproblems.
The role of carotid stenosis ultrasound scale in the prediction of ischemic stroke
Authors: Tang Yi , Wang Ming-yu , Wu Tao-tao , Zhang Jian-yu , Yang Ru , Zhang Bo , Shi Ying , Meng Pin , Ji Niu , Sun Yongan , Xu Ying-da , Xu Bing-chao , Zhou Xin-yu , He Xiao-bing , Zhang Guang-hui , Niu Xiao-qin , Li Zai-po , Wang Bei , Xu Bei , Cai Zeng-lin , Zhang Yong-jin , He Ming-li 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction
To improve the accuracy of ultrasound techniques for the assessment of carotid stenosis, we designed a novel carotid artery stenosis ultrasound scale (CASUS), and evaluated its accuracy, reliability, and its value in predicting the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in a prospective study.

Methods
A total of 750 patients with first-time ischemic stroke and hospitalized within 24 h were enrolled in the study. Using color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS), the degree of stenosis and blood flow (BF) in bilateral internal carotid arteries (ICA) and the V1-V3 segment of vertebral arteries (VA) was assessed. Cubic simulation curves for BF and global blood flow (GBF) over the stenosis score (SS), total stenosis score (TSS), and radiological imaging- total stenosis score (RI-TSS) were fitted and compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves using TSS, RI-TSS, or GBF to predict various ischemic stroke endpoints were also analyzed and compared.

Results
There was a linear relationship between SS and BF both ICA and VA (R2 were 0.734 and 0.783, respectively, both P < 0.05). Both TSS and RI-TSS with GBF showed an inverse “S” curve relationship (R2 was 0.839 and 0.843, all P < 0.05). The AUC values of TSS-based and RI-TSS-based predictions of each endpoint were all greater than 0.7 (all P < 0.05), but the differences of the AUC values between TSS, RI-TSS, and GBF were not statistically significant (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions
The novel CASUS can better reflect the level of cerebral reperfusion in patients with ischemic stroke and can better predict the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Continuous endoglin (CD105) overexpression disrupts angiogenesis and facilitates tumor cell metastasis
Authors: Ollauri-Ibáñez Claudia , Núñez-Gómez Elena , Egido-Turrión Cristina , Silva-Sousa Laura , Díaz-Rodríguez Elena , Rodríguez-Barbero Alicia , López-Novoa José M. , Pericacho Miguel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEndoglin (CD105) is an auxiliary receptor for members of the TFG-β superfamily. Whereas it has been demonstrated that the deficiency of endoglin leads to minor and defective angiogenesis, little is known about the effect of its increased expression, characteristic of several types of cancer. Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth, so high levels of proangiogenic molecules, such as endoglin, are supposed to be related to greater tumor growth leading to a poor cancer prognosis. However, we demonstrate here that endoglin overexpression do not stimulate sprouting or vascularization in several in vitro and in vivo models. Instead, steady endoglin overexpression keep endothelial cells in an active phenotype that results in an impairment of the correct stabilization of the endothelium and the recruitment of mural cells. In a context of continuous enhanced angiogenesis, such as in tumors, endoglin overexpression gives rise to altered vessels with an incomplete mural coverage that permit the extravasation of blood. Moreover, these alterations allow the intravasation of tumor cells, the subsequent development of metastases and, thus, a worse cancer prognosis.
Overexpression of OsSPL14 results in transcriptome and physiology changes in indica rice ‘MH86’
Authors: Lian Ling , Xu Huibin , Zhang Hui , He Wei , Cai Qiuhua , Lin Yuelong , Wei Linyan , Pan Liyan , Xie Xiaoping , Zheng Yanmei , Wei Yidong , Zhu Yongsheng , Xie Huaan , Zhang Jianfu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOryza sativa SPL14 (OsSPL14), identified as the IDEAL PLANT ARCHITECTURE1 or WEALTHY FARMER’S PANICLE gene, plays a critical role in regulating rice plant architecture. Here, OsSPL14-overexpression transgenic rice plants had shorter growth periods, short narrow flag leaves, and thick green leaves compared with wild type ‘MH86’ plants (WT). Additionally, transgenic lines had higher chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), and carotenoid (Car x) contents at both seedling and mature stages. Expression of OsSPL14 increased at transcriptional level, and OsSPL14 protein level was substantially increased in transgenic lines relative to WT. A transcriptome analysis identified 473 up-regulated and 103 down-regulated genes in the transgenic plants. The expression of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in carotenoid biosynthesis, abscisic acid (ABA) metabolism, and lignin biosynthesis increased significantly. Most of DEGs participated in “plant hormone signal transduction” and “starch and sucrose metabolism” were also up-regulated in the transgenic plants. In addition, there were higher ABA and gibberellin acid 3 (GA3) levels in OsSPL14-overexpression rice plants at seedling and tillering stages compared with WT. In contrast with that of WT, lignin and cellulose contents of culm increased distinctly. Also, silicon and potassium contents increased dramatically in transgenic lines. Meanwhile, the chalkiness ratios and chalkiness degrees decreased, and the gel consistency levels improved in transgenic lines. Thus, overexpression of OsSPL14 influenced growth period, leaf development, hormonal levels, culm composition, and grain quality characters of rice, which provides more insight into the function of OsSPL14.
Macroalgal vegetation on a north European artificial reef (Loch Linnhe, Scotland): biodiversity, community types and role of abiotic factors
Authors: Tsiamis Konstantinos , Salomidi Maria , Gerakaris Vasilis , Mogg Andrew O. M. , Porter Elizabeth S. , Sayer Martin D. J. , Küpper Frithjof C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractVery little is known about the marine macroalgae of artificial reefs—especially in the North Atlantic—despite the growing number and extent of man-made structures in the sea, and even though seaweed communities have paramount importance as primary producers, but also as feeding, reproductive and nursery grounds in coastal ecosystems. This paper explores the macroalgal diversity of a large system of artificial reefs in Loch Linnhe, on the west coast of Scotland, in a quantitative and qualitative study based on diving surveys and correlates the observations with the prevalent abiotic factors. The study was conducted in order to test the hypothesis that artificial reefs can enhance seaweed habitats—in particular, for kelps—and that there is a clear correlation with substrate type. While the reef is home to a large range of biota and abundance of early-successional species of turf and bushy macroalgae, totalling 56 taxa and withDelesseria sanguineaas the dominant species, canopy-forming perennial kelp species are conspicuously relatively rare. Macroalgal vegetation is explored in correlation with reef geometry/geography and depth. Statistical analysis shows benthic communities were strongly affected by substrate type, with turf algae and invertebrates dominating the artificial reefs, while bushy algae dominate the natural ones. Common macroinvertebrates associated with the phytobenthic communities are assessed qualitatively.
QoE of cross-modally mapped Mulsemedia: an assessment using eye gaze and heart rate
Authors: Mesfin Gebremariam , Hussain Nadia , Kani-Zabihi Elahe , Covaci Alexandra , Saleme Estêvão B. , Ghinea Gheorghita 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA great deal of research effort has been put in exploring crossmodal correspondences in the field of cognitive science which refer to the systematic associations frequently made between different sensory modalities (e.g. high pitch is matched with angular shapes). However, the possibilities cross-modality opens in the digital world have been relatively unexplored. Therefore, we consider that studying the plasticity and the effects of crossmodal correspondences in a mulsemedia setup can bring novel insights about improving the human-computer dialogue and experience. Mulsemedia refers to the combination of three or more senses to create immersive experiences. In our experiments, users were shown six video clips associated with certain visual features based on color, brightness, and shape. We examined if the pairing with crossmodal matching sound and the corresponding auto-generated haptic effect, and smell would lead to an enhanced user QoE. For this, we used an eye-tracking device as well as a heart rate monitor wristband to capture users’ eye gaze and heart rate whilst they were experiencing mulsemedia. After each video clip, we asked the users to complete an on-screen questionnaire with a set of questions related to smell, sound and haptic effects targeting their enjoyment and perception of the experiment. Accordingly, the eye gaze and heart rate results showed significant influence of the cross-modally mapped multisensorial effects on the users’ QoE. Our results highlight that when the olfactory content is crossmodally congruent with the visual content, the visual attention of the users seems shifted towards the correspondent visual feature. Crosmodally matched media is also shown to result in an enhanced QoE compared to a video only condition.
Statistical measurement of trees’ similarity
Authors: Sabbaghan Sahar , Chua Cecil Eng Huang , Gardner Lesley A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDiagnostic theories are fundamental to Information Systems practice and are represented in trees. One way of creating diagnostic trees is by employing independent experts to construct such trees and compare them. However, good measures of similarity to compare diagnostic trees have not been identified. This paper presents an analysis of the suitability of various measures of association to determine the similarity of two diagnostic trees using bootstrap simulations. We find that three measures of association, Goodman and Kruskal’s Lambda, Cohen’s Kappa, and Goodman and Kruskal’s Gamma (J Am Stat Assoc 49(268):732–764, 1954) each behave differently depending on what is inconsistent between the two trees thus providing both measures for assessing alignment between two trees developed by independent experts as well as identifying the causes of the differences.
Identification and characterisation of common glow-worm RNA viruses
Authors: Viljakainen Lumi , Borshagovski Anna-Maria , Saarenpää Sami , Kaitala Arja , Jurvansuu Jaana 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe common glow-worms (Lampyris noctiluca) are best known for emission of green light by their larvae and sexually active adult females. However, both their DNA and RNA viruses remain unknown. Glow-worms are virologically interesting, as they are non-social and do not feed as adults, and hence their viral transmission may be limited. We identified viral sequences from 11 different virus taxa by the RNA-sequencing of two Finnish populations of adult glow-worms. The viruses represent nine different virus families and have negative, positive, or double-stranded RNA genomes. We also found a complete retroviral genome. Similar viral sequences were found from the sequencing data of common eastern firefly of North America, a species belonging to the same family (Lampyridae) as that of the common glow-worm. On average, an individual glow-worm had seven different RNA virus types and most of them appeared to establish a stable infection since they were found from glow-worms during two consecutive years. Here we present the characterization of load, prevalence, and interactions for each virus. Most of the glow-worm RNA viruses seem to be transmitted vertically, which may reflect the biology of glow-worms as non-social capital breeders, i.e., they invest stored resources in reproduction.
Goldilocks, the Three Bears and Intensive Care Unit Utilization: Delivering Enough Intensive Care But Not Too Much. A Narrative Review
Authors: Myers Laura C. , Escobar Gabriel , Liu Vincent X. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProfessional societies have developed recommendations for patient triage protocols, but wide variations in triage patterns for many acute conditions exist among hospitals in the United States. Differences in hospitals’ triage patterns can be attributed to factors such as physician behavior, hospital policy and real-time conditions such as intensive care unit capacity. The patient safety concern is that patients evaluated for admission to the intensive care unit during times of high intensive care unit capacity may have adverse outcomes related to delays in care. Because standardization of a national triage policy is not feasible due to differing resources available at each hospital, local guidelines should prevail that take into account hospitals’ local resources. The goal would be to better match intensive care unit bed supply with demand.
What face familiarity feelings say about the lateralization of specific entities within the core system
Authors: Gainotti Guido 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The target article carefully describes the memory system, centered on the temporal lobe that builds specific memory traces. It does not, however, mention the laterality effects that exist within this system. This commentary briefly surveys evidence showing that clear asymmetries exist within the temporal lobe structures subserving the core system and that the right temporal structures mainly underpin face familiarity feelings.
Fluency: A trigger of familiarity for relational representations?
Authors: Sadeh Talya 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
According to Bastin et al.’s integrative memory model, familiarity may be attributed to both entity representations and relational representations. However, the model does not specify what triggers familiarity for relational representations. I argue that fluency is a key player in the attribution of familiarity regardless of the type of representation. Two lines of evidence are reviewed in support of my claim.
Morphological Features of Ionospheric Scintillations During High Solar Activity Using GPS Observations Over the South American Sector
Authors: de Jesus R. , Batista I. S. , Takahashi H. , de Paula E. R. , Barros D. , Figueiredo C. A. O. B. , de Abreu A. J. , Jonah O. F. , Fagundes P. R. , Venkatesh K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe main objective of this study is to investigate the ionospheric irregularities observed by Global Positioning System‐total electron content (GPS‐TEC) receivers during the high solar activity years of 2013 and 2014 at different stations in the equatorial and low‐latitude regions in the South American sector. The ionospheric parameters used in this investigation are the TEC, the rate of change of the TEC index (ROTI), and the amplitude scintillation index (S4). In the South American sector, the ROTI and S4 indices showed that the ionospheric irregularities have an annual variation with maximum occurrence from September to April, between 20:00 LT and 02:00 LT, and no occurrence from May to August. Also, strong phase fluctuations (ROTI >1) are observed over South America at 19 LT in October and November. Morlet wavelet analysis of ROTI and S4 showed that planetary wave‐scale periods ranging from 2 to 8 days are predominant during September–March at 20–02 LT in South America. In addition, using a keogram it was possible to evaluate the distance between adjacent ionospheric plasma depletions, and this result is presented and discussed. The longitudinal distances between adjacent bubbles vary around ~600–1000 km, which is larger than values reported in most previous studies.
Numerical Study on Earthquake Energy Partitioning: Relationships Among Radiated Energy, Seismic Moment, and Stress Drop
Authors: Khademian Z. , Nakagawa M. , Ozbay U. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper aims at mechanistically studying some aspects of earthquake energy partitioning with a focus on the radiated energy (Es) and seismic moment (Mo) relationships for investigating differences between estimates of average dynamic stress drop (
) and static stress drop (
). We evaluate to what extent a relatively simple but analytically verified faulting simulation can explain such differences. We adopt a numerical methodology developed in the 2‐D Universal Distinct Element Code to simulate fault slip with slip‐weakening responses. A method is introduced for recording the ground reaction to slip and from which we discuss the energy partitioning in ideal cases of rupture. We examine a shallow strike‐slip fault model where a locally peaked stress is gradually developed on the fault by applying tectonic stresses away from the fault surface until a rupture is initiated locally and propagated outward. The rupture is terminated when the available energy is exhausted by the fracture energy and friction work especially as the rupture is followed by a creep. With investigating roles of the available energy for rupture and the fracture energy, we display limited cases where Mo does not, at least proportionately, scale with Es. Results show this is because Mo, compared to Es, does not fully represent the energy available for initiating a rupture and the fracture energy consumed during its propagation. That is why 2μEs/Mo and 2μEs/ηRMo estimates, with the radiation ratio ηR and rigidity μ, may significantly differ from
and
.