bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Selenium in Different Types of Bee Products by Hydride Generation Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Jiaxuan , Su Dan , Xue Shuwen , Li Guochen , Xu Sunan , Zhang Ying 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Bee products, natural substances with medicinal and dietary properties, have garnered significant attention due to their rich trace element content and distinct nutritional and medicinal values. Selenium is a vital component of several essential enzymes and plays a crucial role in maintaining human health. However, the low concentration of selenium in biological samples and its tendency to be lost present significant analytical challenges. In this study, we optimized the sample pretreatment process based on the compositional characteristics of bee products to establish an analytical method for precise selenium content determination. The results revealed that microwave digestion significantly enhanced selenium extraction efficiency in bee pollen, which is characterized by high protein and fiber content. For royal jelly, characterized by high protein and fat content, wet digestion was employed to ensure component stability. Honey samples were processed using dry ashing, a simple procedure that efficiently decomposes the sample. Validation results indicated that the recovery rate of selenium ranged from 93–106%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.90–4.90%, demonstrating good accuracy and precision of the method.
Biomechanical analysis of the risk factors for clavicular midshaft fractures after hook plates fixation
Authors: Nie Pengfei , Guo Jian , Xu Yuanlin , He Wubing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Distal clavicular fracture and acromioclavicular dislocation are very common disease. The main treatment is used hook plates to fix. But the vital complication of hook plates is clavicle fracture. In order to avoid that, we investigated the reasons of clavicle fracture fixed by hook plates.
Materials and methods
The artificial clavicles were divided into 9 groups. Each group had 15 artificial clavicles. The clavicles in group A were fixed by forward bending hook plates. The group B were fixed by 0° hook plates. The group C were fixed by reverse bending hook plates. The group D were fixed by common screw in reverse bending hook plates. The group E were fixed by lock screw in reverse bending hook plates. The group F were fixed by distal empty hole hook plates. The group G were fixed by proximal empty hole hook plates. The clavicles in group H were drilled an invalid hole under the hook plates. The clavicles in group I were drilled an invalid hole beyond the hook plates. The maximum force were measured in all groups while the clavicles were broken by biomechanical machine.
Results
The maximum force of group A(202.64±3.20N) is bigger than the group C(145.30±2.60N) and group B(141.39±3.67N), P<0.001 and P<0.001. The maximum force of group D(203.33±2.71N) is bigger than the group E(145.92±3.32N), P<0.001. The maximum force of group G(162.07±2.33N) is bigger than the group F(138.17±3.37N), P<0.001. The maximum force of group H(169.37±3.34N) is bigger than the group I(145.51±2.81N), P<0.001.
Conclusion
From a biomechanical perspective, some factors can reduce effectively the concentrated stress of the bone around the clavicle and screws. These beneficial factors include the forward bending of hook plates, the proximal common screw, the proximal empty hole in the plate and the invalid drilled hole under the plate.
Multi-Objective Optimization of the Design of a Protective-Components-to-Chassis Protection Module for Unmanned Armored Vehicles
Authors: Li Mingxing , Wang Xianhui , Liu Haitao , Sun Xiaowang , Binwen Song , Fu Tiaoqi , Yao Tuzao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Armored unmanned vehicles are common targets on battlefields and face many complex threats, such as explosions, gunfire, and drones. Additionally, the threat of explosions that originate underneath the vehicles is a major factor in armored vehicle incapacitation. The underbody explosion protection of lightweight, high-mobility armored vehicles has become a key issue in the design of armored vehicles around the world. To solve this problem, a protective-components-to-chassis (PCTC) protection module was developed during this study. In this design scheme, the protective components were integrated with the chassis to reduce the total number of components. In addition, the total component weight was 37.9% less than that in a traditional protection assembly design. Numerical calculations performed during this study indicated that the proposed protection module is more effective than conventional protective components in armored vehicles. Additionally, the protection effects of the proposed module and a conventional module were compared for equivalent TNT blast impacts. It was shown that the proposed protection module weighed less and exhibited a better protection performance than the conventional protection module. Multi-objective optimization design was also conducted when the protection performance and weight were the optimization objectives. Through the design of experiment (DOE) technique, the effects of the protection module faceplate thickness, beam thickness, tube thickness, and tube diameter on the blast resistance performance of the protection module were analyzed, then the optimal design solution was selected. Finally, the explosion protection properties of the optimal solution were further demonstrated experimentally. The results of this study provide guidance for the design of underbody protective components for armored vehicles, which are especially useful in the design of lightweight and high-mobility unmanned armored vehicles with high protection performance and total weight requirements.
Multi-objective Design of Multi-material Truss Lattices utilizing Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Frey Ramón , Tucker Michael R. , Afrasiabi Mohamedreza , Bambach Markus 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The rapid advancements in additive manufacturing (AM) across different scales and material classes have enabled the creationof architected materials with highly tailored properties. Beyond geometric flexibility, multi-material AM further expands designpossibilities by combining materials with distinct characteristics. While machine learning has recently shown great potentialfor the fast inverse design of lattice structures, its application has largely been limited to single-material systems. In thiswork, we propose a novel approach that incorporates material properties as edge features within the graph representation ofmulti-material truss lattices, utilizing graph neural networks (GNNs) to develop a fast and efficient inverse design framework.We validate this framework by designing lattices with tunable thermal expansion and stiffness properties, showcasing its abilityto explore a broad and flexible design space. We showcase the framework’s inverse design capabilities for both single andmulti-objective optimization tasks and assess its limitations. Additionally, we demonstrate the superior capacity of GNNsin capturing structure-property relationships for multi-material systems. We anticipate that the continued advancement ofGNN-assisted inverse design will play a key role in unlocking the full potential of multi-material truss lattices.
Diversity-productivity relationships are dependent upon location and ecotypes of the dominant species growing across a precipitation gradient
Authors: Gibson David , Barfknecht David F. , Baer Sara G. , Galliart Matthew C , Ren Zhe , Sytsma Jack , Johnson Loretta C 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Locally dominant and highly productive species affect diversity through competitive interactions with subordinate species. Across environmental gradients the competitiveness of dominant species varies, and the relationship between diversity and productivity is commonly concave-down and unimodal, and referred to as the ‘humped-back model’ (HBM). The effect of local adaptation in dominant species and their resulting competitiveness on occurrence of diversity-productivity relationships is unknown. A reciprocal transplant experiment established across a precipitation gradient in the US Great Plains was used to investigate the effect of intraspecific variation in dominant prairie grasses on diversity-productivity relationships in assembled communities. Taxonomic diversity exhibiting a HBM relationship occurred in 47% of tests, most frequently in communities established with locally-sourced (compared with distantly sourced) dominant species, reflecting local adaptation, but only at the extreme wet end of the precipitation gradient. The HBM relationship was retained with experimental reduction of growing season precipitation using rainout shelters at the wet site as productivity was reduced and taxonomic diversity increased. Phylogenetic and functional trait diversity reflecting evolutionary-relevant relationships exhibited a HBM relationship in 33% and 31% of tests, respectively. However, the patterns of phylogenetic and functional diversity were less related to site or dominant species source than the patterns of taxonomic diversity. The relationship between diversity and productivity is influenced by intraspecific variation in dominant species, especially where dominant species exhibit local adaptation. Thus, grasslands restored with local ecotypes of a foundation species can have consequences for community processes through productivity effects on diversity.
Clinical and epidemiological features of secondary glaucoma in a highly specialized ophthalmology hospital in Mexican population
Authors: Lozano Dalia , Aguilar Susana , Izquierdo-Torres Eduardo , Zarain-Herzberg Angel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To determine the prevalence and types of secondary glaucoma in adult patients in the Mexican population.
Methods
Observational, cross-sectional, descriptive and retrospective study in Patients over 18 years of age diagnosed with secondary glaucoma in the period from January-June 2024. A non-probabilistic sampling was carried out within the established period, selecting patients with secondary glaucoma. The analysis included descriptive statistics of central tendency (mean, median, and mode) and dispersion (range, standard deviation) for numerical variables, as well as tables and/or graphs for categorical variables.
Results
A total of 2390 records were analyzed, of which 987 corresponded to subsequent patients, a final sample of 1403 first-time patients were obtained, of which 208 corresponded to secondary glaucoma (14.83%). The most frequent cause of secondary glaucoma was secondary to neovascularization (n = 79, 37.98%), in order of frequency, intraocular surgery (n = 40, 19.23%), corneal transplant (n = 26, 12.50%), ocular inflammation (n = 21, 10.10%), pseudoexfoliation syndrome (n = 18, 8.65%), ocular trauma (n = 9, 4.33%), pathologies associated with the lens (n = 7, 3.37%), other causes (n = 3, 1.44%), pigment dispersion syndrome and associated with corticosteroids (n = 2 each, 0.96%), finally associated with tumors (n = 1, 0.48%).
Conclusion
The prevalence of secondary glaucoma in adult patients of the Mexican population was 14.8% (n = 208). The prevalence was 50% in women and 50% in men (n = 104). The most common type was secondary to neovascularization in both sexes, the most frequent age was found in patients between 50 and 59 years.
Effects of tillage and organic fertilizer substitution of chemical fertilizer on anti-aging properties, photosynthesis and maize yield of maize leaves
Authors: Xie Guangming , Zhang Xin , Duan Xinrong , Song Linzhuan , Fan Mingyuan , Wang Chuangyun , Zhao Li 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Corn is one of the favorite crops in China and is grown in a large area in drought-tolerant areas. Tillage practices and fertilizer management are important for crop growth, and there is a lack of research in this area, especially in places where rainfall is scarce. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the anti-aging characteristics and photosynthesis characteristics of maize leaves by replacing inorganic fertilizer with organic fertilizer under different tillage methods. From 2022 to 2023, two tillage methods, rotary tillage + subsoiling (R + S), three organic alternative inorganic (P1, P2, P3) and four control CK treatments were used to measure the POD and SOD enzyme activities, PRO and MDA contents, photosynthesis and yield of maize leaves at different growth stages.The results showed that: (1) With the advancement of the growth period, the P1 treatment was optimal under different organic substitution and inorganic application methods, Obviously, R + S farming is superior to traditional R farming. The contents of SOD, POD enzyme and PRO in R + S P1 treatment were 41.89%, 56.95% and 15.91% higher than those in CK, and 40.21%, 21.22% and 16.94% higher than those in R P1, respectively, and the MDA content in R + S P1 was 38.68% lower than that in CK and 11.37% lower than that in R P1, respectively. When the P1 treatment of R + S was performed, the resulting Pn was 23.73% higher than that of CK and 6.01% higher than that of R P1. After P1 treatment with R + S, the Tr was reduced by 24.06% compared with CK and 11.14% lower than that of P1 treatment with R. (2)The yield of rotary tillage and subsoiling (R + S) was always better than that of rotary tillage (R) alone, and Yield was under P1 treatment with organic fertilizer was the highest under rotary tillage and subsoiling (R + S) tillage, with an average of 13663.79kg/hm2, which yield of the P1 treatment was 6.39% higher than that of the P2 treatment, 7.90% higher than that of the P3 treatment, and 14.67% higher than that of the CK treatment, Compared to rotary tillage (R), the yield obtained by P1 treatment was 2.53% higher.(3)At the grain filling stage, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, proline (PRO) content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), grain number, ear length and 100-grain weight of maize leaves showed a significant positive correlation with the total yield, but negatively correlated with MDA content, Tr and bald tip length. According to the results of our experiment, it can be seen that the anti-aging enzyme activity of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer P1 treatment under rotary tillage + subsoiling (R + S) tillage treatment is the best, and the photosynthesis ability of maize leaves is the strongest, and the yield is the highest.
Transcriptional Corepressor OsTPR1 Regulates Seedling Growth and Seed Size Development in Rice
Authors: He Siou-Luan , Chen Wei Yi , Kuo Chia Ying , Chang Chih Hsuan , Ho Shin-Lon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Transcription factors play crucial roles in regulating gene expression, ensuring proper plant growth and development, and responding to biotic and abiotic signals. TOPLESS (TPL)/TOPLESS-related (TPR) corepressors are central regulators of gene expression that interact with various transcription factors, thereby regulating multiple signaling pathways or metabolic biosynthetic processes. In this study, we identified a rice TPR gene OsTPR1, which is induced on day 3 of germinating rice embryo. In gain- and loss-of-function studies performed with transgenic rice. The overexpressing (OsTPR1-Ox) line exhibited a longer phenotype, whereas the RNA interference (OsTPR1-Ri) line showed a semi-dwarf phenotype during rice seedlings development, and exogenous GA3 could rescue the semi-dwarf phenotype in OsTPR1-Ri seedlings. Interestingly, in germinating rice embryos, OsTPR1 was found to negatively regulate the expression of enzymes essential for GA biosynthesis genes GA20ox1 and GA3ox2 and the signaling repressor OsSLR1. In contrast, OsTPR1 positively regulates the expression of GA signaling responsive genes aAmy8 and OsEP3A. Furthermore, during seed development, OsTPR1 can positively regulate seed size development by increasing grain width and thickness, and the expression of OsTPR1::GUS is specifically expressed in the aleurone layer before the milk stage and in the endosperm at the dough stage. These results indicate that OsTPR1 plays a critical role in GA signaling in improving seedling growth through inhibiting the expression of OsSLR1 repressor, thereby de-repressing GA signaling responsive gene expression, whereas it also acts as a negative regulator that inhibits GA biosynthesis. These findings indicate that the OsTPR1 corepressor may interact with unknown proteins spatiotemporally to form functionally specific repressor complexes, regulate GA biosynthesis and signaling responses promptly, fine-tune seedling growth and ultimately regulate rice seed development. Results provide a new clue in regulating the GA signaling pathway and that the manipulation of OsTPR1 will have the potential to increase rice grain size and yield.
Insights from Field Experience: Digital Forensics of Event and Voyage Data Recorders in Transportation Systems Accident Investigation
Authors: CANTELLI-FORTI ALESSANDRO , Longo Giacomo , Oveis Amir Hosein , Russo Enrico 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Commonly perceived as essential tools for transportation accident investigators, black boxes named Voyage Data Recorders (VDR) and Event Data Recorders (EDR), yet often prove inadequate for comprehensive analysis. Through examination of eight major accidents across the transportation, we identified 34 distinct types of technical and operational deficiencies, with each of such incidents averaging 13.5 problems. We demonstrate that current limitations stem not from technological constraints but from the legal-technical framework governing their implementation. The study reveals how limiting DR access to post-accident scenarios creates a disconnect between system design and practical requirements. We propose integrating DRs into daily operations to enable continuous system refinement and establish requirements for next-generation recorders that enhance both forensic capabilities and proactive safety measures .
Genetic etiology and phenotypic characteristics of fetuses with 11q deletion (11q23.3-q25) syndrome
Authors: Zhang Tong , Cong Xiaoyi , Li Zhenming , Cao Xianzhen , Hu Liang , Luo Xiaojin , Liu Yanan , Liu Weiqiang , Wei Fengxiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the clinical phenotype, genetic etiology, and diagnosis of 11q deletion (11q-) syndrome.
Methods: In this study, pregnant women were selected from prenatal testing in Longgang Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shenzhen. After screening for prenatal serological analysis, noninvasive prenatal genetic testing screening (NIPS), chromosome karyotype analysis, and chromosome microarray analysis (CMA), 4 pregnant women diagnosed with 11q- syndrome were selected for retrospective analysis.
Result: Pregnant women of advanced age and with a history of adverse pregnancy need to have regular monitoring of fetal development. When high-risk results are obtained in NIPS and serological analysis during prenatal check-ups, early interventional prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling should be carried out under the guidance of clinicians. The results of SNP array analysis suggest a large fragment deletion in the long arm of chromosome 11, including the telomeric region. The results of chromosome karyotype analysis supplement and indicate the structural variation of balanced translocation in cases 1 and 4 and verify the pathogenic variation results of SNP array analysis. Ultrasound monitoring reveals that the fetus has cardiac abnormalities such as ventricular septal defect and single arterial trunk. The incomplete penetrance of congenital heart malformations may be caused by multigene regulation, epigenetics, and environmental factors that can suppress the expression of congenital heart malformations in fetuses with 11q- syndrome.
Conclusion: The differences and severity of fetal phenotypes may depend on the types and quantities of functional genes contained in fragments of different sizes. Fetuses with 11q- syndrome have incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. The combined use of SNP array analysis and chromosome karyotype analysis can clarify the variation source of fetuses with 11q- syndrome. Especially when one of the parents has a chromosomal reciprocal translocation, chromosome karyotype analysis can further clarify its genetic etiology. This is conducive to providing a theoretical basis for the genotype-phenotype correlation of 11q- syndrome.
Analysis of the efficacy of ERAS combined with evidence-based care after partial breast reconstruction with lateral chest wall perforator flap
Authors: Li Yuqing , Pan Wu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the effectiveness of enhanced recovery after surgery combined with evidence-based nursing practices (ERAS-EBNP) in the care of breast cancer patients who underwent partial breast reconstruction with lateral chest wall perforator flap (PBR-LCWPF).
Methods
From January 2023 to December 2023, 98 breast cancer patients at our centre underwent PBR-LCWPF. These patients were randomised into an intervention group (evidence-based nursing group, n = 50) and a control group (conventional care group, n = 48). The control group used conventional nursing methods, and the intervention group used ERAS-EBNP to compare the nursing outcomes of patients in the two groups.
Results
The postoperative hospitalisation time and the incidence of flap complications within 3 days after surgery were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05), and the psychological state score, quality of life score, and nursing care satisfaction were significantly better in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
ERAS-EBNP can significantly improve the quality of life of patients after PBR-LCWPF, improve the patient care effect, and is worthy of being popularized and applied.
Find a Quality Husband: The Relationship Between Income and Age Gaps
Authors: Chiang Tsun-Feng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The literature has established that women marry older men with greater economic resources. This study builds upon and expands this understanding by introducing a theoretical model and subsequent empirical examinations. Given a woman's age and income, the model demonstrates that if she chooses to marry an older man, his income must be significantly higher to offset the positive age difference, which is considered a “bad” good. This leads to a positive correlation between a husband and a wife’s income and age gaps. Also, our findings suggest that high-income women may face challenges finding a quality husband. Empirical estimations using Chinese household survey data further support the model predictions, showing a positive correlation between the income gap and the age gap in newly married couples and a negative correlation between a woman’s income and the likelihood of marriage.