bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Estradiol Level in Platelet-Rich Plasma Improve Efficacy of Androgenic Alopecia Treatment?
Authors: Ince Bilsev , Kendir Munur Selcuk , Kilinc Ibrahim , Avunduk Mustafa Cihat , Dadaci Mehmet , Savaci Nedim 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Although some studies in the literature report that autologous and homologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can be employed in the treatment of androgenic alopecia (AGA), no study, to the authors’ knowledge, has examined the estrogen concentration of prepared PRP.

Objectives
The authors aimed to determine the presence of estrogen in PRP and to investigate the effect of estrogen concentration of PRP on AGA treatment.

Methods
Between 2017 and 2018, 30 male patients with hair loss complaints were included in this prospective study. Autologous PRP was injected in patients in Group 1. Homologous PRP with high estrogen levels was injected in the patients in Group 2. PRP was injected in both groups 4 times at 0, 1, 3, and 6 months. The obtained photographs were evaluated and hair densities of each patient at controls were calculated.

Results
The mean estrogen level measured in PRP was statistically significantly higher in Group 2. In both groups, the increase in hair density was observed from the first month, but this increase was statistically significantly higher in all controls in Group 2. In Group 2, there was a statistically significant increase in the 1st and 3rd months compared with the previous control, but there was no difference between the 6th and 12th months and the 3rd month.

Conclusions
Increased hair density is greater and earlier in the group receiving estrogen-rich PRP than in the group utilizing autologous PRP. The authors think that estrogen-rich PRP may be employed in the treatment of AGA in the presence of an appropriate donor.

Level of Evidence: 2
Reoperative Transaxillary Approach Algorithm: Extending the Surgical Alternatives for Secondary Breast Augmentation in the Era of Scarless Surgery
Authors: Munhoz Alexandre Mendonça 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Although the transaxillary approach (TAA) is useful in primary breast augmentation (BA) surgery, drawbacks of this technique include the need to correct complications arising from reuse of the axillary incision.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to assess the outcomes of secondary BA procedures performed via the TAA in a cohort of patients operated on by a single surgeon and to provide an algorithm for reoperative TAA technique selection.

Methods
Sixty-two patients (122 breasts) underwent secondary TAA BA, which was indicated for capsular contracture (CC) in 35 patients (56.4%). Periods for analysis included less than 10 days, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, and then at 2-year intervals postprocedure.

Results
Forty-three patients (69.3%) had a previous premuscular (PM) pocket; in 35 (81.3%) of these patients the new pocket was kept in the same position. Nineteen patients (30.7%) had a previous submuscular pocket, and 15 patients (78.9%) had the new pocket transferred to the PM plane. Ten cases of complications were observed in 8 patients (16.1%), Baker grade II/III CC in 3 (4.8%), and axillary banding in 2 (3.2%), during a mean follow-up of 72 months (range, 6-170 months). Fifty-nine patients (95.1%) were either very satisfied or satisfied with their aesthetic result.

Conclusions
Recent progress in surgical techniques has led to significant improvements in aesthetic outcomes following BA. The TAA can play a useful role in secondary BA cases and our results show this procedure to be useful, with acceptable complication rates, and the added bonus of avoiding additional scarring on the breast.

Level of Evidence: 4
Tensor decomposition with relational constraints for predicting multiple types of microRNA-disease associations
Authors: Huang Feng , Yue Xiang , Xiong Zhankun , Yu Zhouxin , Liu Shichao , Zhang Wen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in multifarious biological processes associated with human diseases. Identifying potential miRNA-disease associations contributes to understanding the molecular mechanisms of miRNA-related diseases. Most of the existing computational methods mainly focus on predicting whether a miRNA-disease association exists or not. However, the roles of miRNAs in diseases are prominently diverged, for instance, Genetic variants of miRNA (mir-15) may affect the expression level of miRNAs leading to B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, while circulating miRNAs (including mir-1246, mir-1307-3p, etc.) have potentials to detecting breast cancer in the early stage. In this paper, we aim to predict multi-type miRNA-disease associations instead of taking them as binary. To this end, we innovatively represent miRNA-disease-type triples as a tensor and introduce tensor decomposition methods to solve the prediction task. Experimental results on two widely-adopted miRNA-disease datasets: HMDD v2.0 and HMDD v3.2 show that tensor decomposition methods improve a recent baseline in a large scale (up to $38\%$ in Top-1F1). We then propose a novel method, Tensor Decomposition with Relational Constraints (TDRC), which incorporates biological features as relational constraints to further the existing tensor decomposition methods. Compared with two existing tensor decomposition methods, TDRC can produce better performance while being more efficient.
MiRNA-155 regulates cumulus cells function, oocyte maturation, and blastocyst formation
Authors: Dehghan Zeinab , Mohammadi-Yeganeh Samira , Salehi Mohammad 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Numerous oocytes are retrieved during in vitro fertilization from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The poor quality of these oocytes leads to lower fertilization and decreases in cleavage and implantation. MiR-155 is one of the microRNA (miRNA) that is increased in serum and granulosa cells of PCOS patients. In this study, we investigate the effects of miR-155 expression and its target genes on oocyte maturation and embryo development. We used the calcium phosphate protocol to transfect vectors that contained miR-155 or miR-off 155 and alone eGFP into cumulus oophorus complex (COCs) of B6D2F1 female mice for in vitro maturation. Cumulus expansion, nuclear, and cytoplasmic maturation, as well as cleavage rates were determined in groups transfected and compared with the control groups. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze expression levels of miR-155 and the target genes in the cumulus cells, oocytes, and blastocysts. MiR-155 overexpression in COCs suppressed cumulus expansion, oocyte maturation, and inhibition of endogenous miR-155 by miR-off 155 improved cumulus expansion and oocyte maturation by downregulation and expression increase of the Smad2 and Bcl2 genes. On the other hand, overexpression and downregulation of miR-155 in the COCs led to increase and decrease in cleavage rates by changes in expressions of the Mecp2, Jarid2, and Notch1 genes, respectively (P &lt; 0.05). These results suggested that miR-155 overexpression in granulosa cells of PCOS patients can negatively affect nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation, but this miRNA expression has a positive impact on embryo development.
IRX3 and IRX5 collaborate during ovary development and follicle formation to establish responsive granulosa cells in the adult mouse†
Authors: Fu Anqi , Koth Megan L , Brown Ryan M , Shaw Sarah A , Wang Linda , Krentz Kathleen J , Zhang Xiaoyun , Hui Chi-chung , Jorgensen Joan S 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHealthy development of ovarian follicles depends on appropriate interactions and function between oocytes and their surrounding granulosa cells. Previously, we showed that double knockout of Irx3 and Irx5 (Irx3/5 DKO) in mice resulted in abnormal follicle morphology and follicle death. Further, female mouse models of individual Irx3 or Irx5 knockouts were both subfertile but with distinct defects. Notably, the expression profile of each gene suggests independent roles for each; first, they are colocalized in pre-granulosa cells during development that then progresses to include oocyte expression during germline nest breakdown and primordial follicle formation. Thereafter, their expression patterns diverge between oocytes and granulosa cells coinciding with the formulation and maturation of intimate oocyte–granulosa cell interactions. The objective of this study was to investigate the contributions of Irx5 and somatic cell-specific expression of Irx3 during ovarian development. Our results show that Irx3 and Irx5 contribute to female fertility through different mechanisms and that Irx3 expression in somatic cells is important for oocyte quality and survival. Based on evaluation of a series of genetically modified mouse models, we conclude that IRX3 and IRX5 collaborate in the same cells and then in neighboring cells to foster a healthy and responsive follicle. Long after these two factors have extinguished, their legacy enables these intercellular connections to mature and respond to extracellular signals to promote follicle maturation and ovulation.
mHealth-based experience sampling method to identify fatigue in the context of daily life in haemodialysis patients
Authors: Brys Astrid D.H. , Stifft Frank , Van Heugten Caroline M , Bossola Maurizio , Gambaro Giovanni , Lenaert Bert 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Fatigue in haemodialysis (HD) patients is a prevalent but complex symptom impacted by biological, behavioural, psychological and social variables. Conventional retrospective fatigue questionnaires cannot provide detailed insights into symptom variability in daily life and related factors. The experience sampling methodology (ESM) overcomes these limitations through repeated momentary assessments in patients’ natural environments using digital questionnaires. This study aimed to gain in-depth understanding of HD patients’ diurnal fatigue patterns and related variables using a mobile Health (mHealth) ESM application and sought to better understand the nature of their interrelationships.

Methods
Forty HD patients used the mHealth ESM application for 7 days to assess momentary fatigue and potentially related variables, including daily activities, self-reported physical activity, social company, location and mood.

Results
Multilevel regression analyses of momentary observations (n = 1777) revealed that fatigue varied between and within individuals. Fatigue was significantly related to HD treatment days, type of daily activity, mood and sleep quality. Time-lagged analyses showed that HD predicted higher fatigue scores at a later time point (β = 0.22, P = 0.013). Interestingly, higher momentary fatigue also significantly predicted more depressed feelings at a later time point (β = 0.05, P = 0.019) but not the other way around.

Conclusions
ESM offers novel insights into fatigue in chronic HD patients by capturing informative symptom variability in the flow of daily life. Electronic ESM as a clinical application may help us better understand fatigue in HD patients by providing personalized information about its course and relationship with other variables in daily life, paving the way towards personalized interventions.
Optimizing the timing of nephrology referral for patients with diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Martínez-Castelao Alberto , Soler María José , Górriz Teruel José Luis , Navarro-González Juan F , Fernandez-Fernandez Beatriz , de Alvaro Moreno Fernando , Ortiz Alberto 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Age-standardized rates of diabetes mellitus (DM)-related complications, such as acute myocardial infarction, stroke or amputations, have decreased in recent years, but this was not associated with a clear reduction of the incidence of advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) requiring renal replacement therapy. The early detection of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a key to reduce complications, morbidity and mortality. Consensus documents and clinical practice guidelines recommend referral of DM patients to nephrology when the estimated glomerular filtration rate falls below 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 or when albuminuria exceeds 300 mg/g urinary creatinine. Conceptually, it strikes as odd that patients with CKD are referred to the specialist caring for the prevention and treatment of CKD only when &gt;70% of the functioning kidney mass has been lost. The increasing global health burden of CKD, driven in large part by DKD, the suboptimal impact of routine care on DKD outcomes as compared with other DM complications, the realization that successful therapy of CKD requires early diagnosis and intervention, the advances in earlier diagnosis of kidney injury and the recent availability of antidiabetic drugs with a renal mechanism of action and lack of hypoglycaemia risk, which additionally are cardio- and nephroprotective, all point towards a paradigm shift in the care for DM patients in which they should be referred earlier to nephrology as part of a coordinated and integrated care approach.
SAGER: a database of Symbiodiniaceae and Algal Genomic Resource
Authors: Yu Liying , Li Tangcheng , Li Ling , Lin Xin , Li Hongfei , Liu Chichi , Guo Chentao , Lin Senjie 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Symbiodiniaceae dinoflagellates are essential endosymbionts of reef building corals and some other invertebrates. Information of their genome structure and function is critical for understanding coral symbiosis and bleaching. With the rapid development of sequencing technology, genome draft assemblies of several Symbiodiniaceae species and diverse marine algal genomes have become publicly available but spread in multiple separate locations. Here, we present a Symbiodiniaceae and Algal Genomic Resource Database (SAGER), a user-friendly online repository for integrating existing genomic data of Symbiodiniaceae species and diverse marine algal gene sets from MMETSP and PhyloDB databases. Relevant algal data are included to facilitate comparative analyses. The database is freely accessible at http://sampgr.org.cn. It provides comprehensive tools for studying gene function, expression and comparative genomics, including search tools to identify gene information from Symbiodiniaceae species, and BLAST tool to find orthologs from marine algae and protists. Moreover, SAGER integrates transcriptome datasets derived from diverse culture conditions of corresponding Symbiodiniaceae species. SAGER was developed with the capacity to incorporate future Symbiodiniaceae and algal genome and transcriptome data, and will serve as an open-access and sustained platform providing genomic and molecular tools that can be conveniently used to study Symbiodiniaceae and other marine algae.
Database URL: http://sampgr.org.cn
Genomic consequences of dietary diversification and parallel evolution due to nectarivory in leaf-nosed bats
Authors: Gutiérrez-Guerrero Yocelyn T , Ibarra-Laclette Enrique , Martínez del Río Carlos , Barrera-Redondo Josué , Rebollar Eria A , Ortega Jorge , León-Paniagua Livia , Urrutia Araxi , Aguirre-Planter Erika , Eguiarte Luis E 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
The New World leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomids) exhibit a diverse spectrum of feeding habits and innovations in their nutrient acquisition and foraging mechanisms. However, the genomic signatures associated with their distinct diets are unknown.

Results
We conducted a genomic comparative analysis to study the evolutionary dynamics related to dietary diversification and specialization. We sequenced, assembled, and annotated the genomes of five Phyllostomid species: one insect feeder (Macrotus waterhousii), one fruit feeder (Artibeus jamaicensis), and three nectar feeders from the Glossophaginae subfamily (Leptonycteris yerbabuenae, Leptonycteris nivalis, and Musonycteris harrisoni), also including the previously sequenced vampire Desmodus rotundus. Our phylogenomic analysis based on 22,388 gene families displayed differences in expansion and contraction events across the Phyllostomid lineages. Independently of diet, genes relevant for feeding strategies and food intake experienced multiple expansions and signatures of positive selection. We also found adaptation signatures associated with specialized diets: the vampire exhibited traits associated with a blood diet (i.e., coagulation mechanisms), whereas the nectarivore clade shares a group of positively selected genes involved in sugar, lipid, and iron metabolism. Interestingly, in fruit-nectar–feeding Phyllostomid and Pteropodids bats, we detected positive selection in two genes: AACS and ALKBH7, which are crucial in sugar and fat metabolism. Moreover, in these two proteins we found parallel amino acid substitutions in conserved positions exclusive to the tribe Glossophagini and to Pteropodids.

Conclusions
Our findings illuminate the genomic and molecular shifts associated with the evolution of nectarivory and shed light on how nectar-feeding bats can avoid the adverse effects of diets with high glucose content.
‘AI-Generated Inventions’: Time to Get the Record Straight?
Authors: Kim Daria 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This article attempts to clarify the notion of an ‘AI-generated’ invention, an issue which has triggered an intense debate on the future of patent law and policy. While there is a general consensus that such inventions are incompatible with the concept of human inventorship, it remains largely unclear to what extent concerns regarding ‘non-human’ ingenuity can be justified. Most uncertain is how AI ‘autonomously generates’ inventions, and in what way 'AI-generated' inventions differ from inventions developed with the aid of AI.
Drawing on the extensive literature review, this article depicts AI techniques as methods of computational problem solving. It emphasises that such methods should not be equated with a computer’s ‘cognitive autonomy’. Further, it clarifies that the types of AI that have been most debated in the patent law literature ‒ artificial neural networks and evolutionary algorithms ‒ essentially require detailed instructions that determine how the relation between inputs and outputs is derived through computation. Accordingly, it is argued that, as long as computers rely on instructions defined by a human as to how solve a problem, the separation between human and non-human (algorithmic) ingenuity is, in itself, artificial. Ultimately, the article calls for a broader technical inquiry that would elucidate the relevance of the currently debated normative concerns over ‘non-human inventorship’ against the background of the technological state of the art.
The challenge of assessing social cohesion in health impact assessment
Authors: Romagon Julie , Jabot Francoise 
Published: June 2020

Summary
Health impact assessment (HIA) is a method by which a policy, programme or project falling outside traditional health fields, may be judged as to its potential effects on the health of a population to mitigate negative impacts and strengthen the positive ones. Proposals are analysed from the perspective of all the determinants of health. In France, HIAs are mainly applied to urban development projects where social cohesion (SCo) is a major issue. Although the HIA method is well structured as a step-by-step process, there are no guidelines for assessing SCo. This article opens with literature review to clarify the concept of SCo and to understand how the built environment influences SCo and how social environment influence health. Drawing on this work, this paper presents an analytical framework to assess SCo, integrating both the spatial and physical dimensions of urban design and the perceptions of the neighbourhood characteristics. Following a brief overview of the key findings from applying this framework to HIA of an urban development project, the paper discusses its related strengths and weaknesses. The framework could be a useful tool for HIA as it embraces knowledge from both urban planning and social sciences. It also allows for an overall analysis of all the indicators without relying on a checklist. Nevertheless, it should be tested further to improve its validity.
Understanding ICSID Article 54
Authors: Bermann George A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
To the surprise of many, questions have recently arisen over the scope of inquiry, if any, that a national court may, consistent with Article 54 of the ICSID Convention, make in connection with the enforcement of an ICSID award. It has long been assumed in many, if not most, quarters that a national court is privileged to condition enforcement of an ICSID Convention award on a single simple requirement, viz. that the award be certified by the Secretary-General of ICSID. Until recently, doubts over whether that is so have been raised in a very small number of jurisdictions. But the Commission of the European Union has taken the view that an ICSID Convention award may be denied enforcement if it is contrary to a principle of “autonomy” of EU law and, based on its judgment in Achmea case in connection with non-ICSID awards, the European Court of Justice most likely takes the same view. This suggests that the European Union regards violation of EU public policy, more generally, as a defense to enforcement of an ICSID award. Based on text, object and purpose, legislative history, and predominant state practice, this position appears to run seriously afoul of the ICSID Convention. At the same time, some meaning must be given to the language in Article 54 according to which an ICSID award must be enforced by a national court “as if it were a final judgment of a court” of the enforcing State. The author finds that the understanding of Article 54 that best reflects all pertinent considerations is that it imposes on courts the modest requirement that they subject the enforcement of ICSID awards to no more restrictive or onerous procedures than they impose on the enforecement of national judgments.
Sepsis in Immunocompromised Patients Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: McCreery Randy J , Florescu Diana F , Kalil Andre C 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Sepsis remains among the most common complications from infectious diseases worldwide. The morbidity and mortality rates associated with sepsis range from 20% to 50%. The advances in care for patients with an immunocompromised status have been remarkable over the last 2 decades, but sepsis continues to be a major cause of death in this population Immunocompromised patients who are recipients of a solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplant are living longer with a better quality of life. However, some of these patients need lifelong treatment with immunosuppressive medications to maintain their transplant status. A consequence of the need for this permanent immunosuppression is the high risk of opportunistic, community, and hospital-acquired infections, all of which can lead to sepsis. In addition, the detection of serious infections may be more challenging owing to patients’ lower ability to mount the clinical symptoms that usually accompany sepsis. This article provides an update on the current knowledge of sepsis in immunocompromised patients without human immunodeficiency virus. It reviews the most pertinent causes of sepsis in this population, and addresses the specific diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in neutropenia and solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.