bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual Gamma Oscillations Predict Sensory Sensitivity in Females as they do in Males
Authors: Manyukhina Viktoriya , Rostovtseva Ekaterina , Prokofyev Andrey , Obukhova Tatiana , Schneiderman Justin , Stroganova Tatiana , Orekhova Elena 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Gamma oscillations are driven by local cortical excitatory (E) - inhibitory (I) loops and may help to characterize neural processing involving excitatory-inhibitory interactions. In the visual cortex reliable gamma oscillations can be recorded with magnetoencephalography (MEG) in the majority of individuals, which makes visual gamma an attractive candidate for biomarkers of brain disorders associated with E/I imbalance. Little is known, however, about if/how these oscillations reflect individual differences in neural excitability and associated sensory/perceptual phenomena. The power of visual gamma response (GR) changes nonlinearly with increasing stimulation intensity: it increases with transition from static to slowly drifting high-contrast grating and then attenuates with further increase in the drift rate. In a recent MEG study we found that the GR attenuation predicted sensitivity to sensory stimuli in everyday life in neurotypical adult men and in men with autism spectrum disorders. Here, we replicated these results in neurotypical female participants. The GR enhancement with transition from static to slowly drifting grating did not correlate significantly with the sensory sensitivity measures. These findings suggest that weak velocity-related attenuation of the GR is a reliable neural concomitant of visual hypersensitivity and that the degree of GR attenuation may provide useful information about E/I balance in the visual cortex.
Recurrent independent emergence and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Spike amino acid H69/V70 deletions
Authors: Gupta Ravindra , Kemp Steven , Harvey William , Lytras Spyros , Carabelli Alessandro , Robertson David 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 Spike amino acid replacements in the receptor binding domain (RBD) occur relatively frequently and some have a consequence for immune recognition. Here we report recurrent emergence and significant onward transmission of a six-nucleotide deletion in the S gene, which results in loss of two amino acids: H69 and V70. Of particular note this deletion, 𝚫H69/V70, often co-occurs with the receptor binding motif amino acid replacements N501Y, N439K and Y453F. One of the 𝚫H69/V70+ N501Y lineages, B.1.1.7, is comprised of over 4000 SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences from the UK and includes eight other S gene mutations: RBD (N501Y and A570D), S1 (𝚫H69/V70 and 𝚫144/145) and S2 (P681H, T716I, S982A and D1118H). Some of these mutations have presumably arisen as a result of the virus evolving from immune selection pressure in infected individuals and at least one, lineage B.1.1.7, potentially from a chronic infection. Given our recent evidence that 𝚫H69/V70 enhances viral infectivity (Kemp et al. 2020), its effect on virus fitness appears to be independent to the RBD changes. Enhanced surveillance for the 𝚫H69/V70 deletion with and without RBD mutations should be considered as a priority. Permissive mutations such as 𝚫H69/V70 have the potential to enhance the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to generate new variants, including vaccine escape variants, that would have otherwise significantly reduced viral fitness.
Breastfeeding History and the Risk of Overweight and Obesity in Middle-aged Women
Authors: Cieśla Elżbieta , Stochmal Ewa , Głuszek Stanisław , Suliga Edyta 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Breastfeeding is considered to be a factor that stimulates fat reserves accumulated during pregnancy to produce milk. The aim of the study was to assess the association between breastfeeding duration and fatness indices in middle-aged women. Methods: The analysis was carried out in a group of 7,500 parous women aged 55.5±5.3. Body mass index, percentage of body fat and waist-to-height ratio were included in the analysis. The likelihood of overweight and obesity depending on the total breastfeeding time was assessed using multivariate logistic regression analyzes. Results: An analysis of adjusted odds ratios did not show significant associations between breastfeeding duration and the risk of overweight and obesity in premenopausal women. After menopause, women who gave birth to 2 children and breastfed 1-6 and >12 months had a lower risk of abdominal obesity (OR=0.70; 95% CI=0.50-0.99; p=0.042; and OR=0.68 ; 95% CI=0.47-0.98; p=0.039), and in those women who gave birth to 3 or more children and breastfed for 1-6 months, also showed a lower risk of overweight (OR=0.52; 95% CI=0.27-0.99; p=0.047), compared to those ones that have never breastfed. There was no relationship found between the duration of lactation and the risk of excessive body fat.Conclusion: Breastfeeding may have some beneficial, long-term effect on the risk of overweight and abdominal obesity in women.
Acute Effect of Particulate Matter Pollution on Hospital Admissions for Stroke among Patients with type 2 Diabetes in Beijing, China, from 2014 to 2018
Authors: Liu Xiangtong , Li Zhiwei , Guo Moning , Zhang Jie , Tao Lixin , Xu Xiaolin , Deginet Aklilu , Lu Feng , Luo Yanxia , Liu Mengmeng , Liu Mengyang , Sun Yue , Li Haibin , Guo Xiuhua 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The health effect of particulate matter pollution on stroke has been widely examined; however, the effect among patients with comorbid type 2 diabetes (T2D) in developing countries has remained largely unknown.Methods: A time-series study was conducted to investigate the short-term effect of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and inhalable particulate matter (PM10) on hospital admissions for stroke among patients with T2D in Beijing, China, from 2014 to 2018. An over-dispersed Poisson generalized additive model was employed to adjust for important covariates, such as weather conditions and long-term and seasonal trends. Results: A total of 159,298 (58% male) hospital admissions for stroke were reported. Linear exposure-response curves were observed for PM2.5 and PM10 in relation to stroke admissions among T2D patients. A 10 μg/m3 increase in the four-day moving average of PM2.5 and PM10 was associated with 0.14% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05%-0.23%) and 0.14% (95% CI: 0.06%-0.22%) incremental increases in stroke admissions among T2D patients, respectively. A 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 in the two-day moving average corresponded to a 0.72% (95% CI: 0.02%-1.42%) incremental increase in hemorrhagic stroke, and a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10 in the four-day moving average corresponded to a 0.14% (95% CI: 0.06%-0.22%) incremental increase in ischemic stroke. Conclusions: High particulate matter might be a risk factor for stroke among patients with T2D. PM2.5 and PM10 have a linear exposure-response relationship with stroke among T2D patients. The study provided evidence of the risk of comorbid T2D and stroke due to particulate matter pollution.
Assessment of Essential Elements Accumulation in Red Swamp Crayfish Revealing the High Efficient Enrichment of Se in Freshwater Animal
Authors: Peng Guohui , Sun Junxiao , Xiong Lijing , Peng Bo , Tan Yunfei , Wu Yinglin , Bai Xufeng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundRed swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is one of the important aquatic foods for human. Trace elements are indispensable for human to maintain health. They could be enriched by crayfish lived in benthic habitat. However, the trace essential element in crayfish was less reported. In this study, we investigated the trace elements of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Se accumulation in red swamp crayfish.MethodsFifteen crayfishes in average, three samples of sediments and water were respectively collected in each location of the fifteen villages located on Hubei and Hunan province of China. Besides, fifteen individuals for red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), variegated carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and hairy crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) were respectively collected in the village of Zhutong of Hubei province in China. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to perform the examination of trace elements. SPSS software and Duncan test were employed to conduct statistical analysis, respectively.ResultsThe concentrations of the five elements were highest in haptopancreas, but two of them (Fe and Mn) were lowest in abdominal muscle. The concentration of Cu, Zn and Se in abdominal muscle was higher than those in exoskeleton. The concentrations of Cu and Se in abdominal muscle of crayfish from Ensi region was highest comparing to the other three regions. There was a highly significant positive correlation for the concentrations of Cu and Se between crayfish and environment. In addition, we found crayfish could specifically enrich Se element. The similar situations were also found in the two investigated freshwater animals variegated carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and hairy crabs (Eriocheir sinensis).ConclusionThe five essential elements were enriched in the abdominal muscle of crayfish, but no excess threshold of food safety standard. The supplement of selenium for human could be realized by consuming crayfish and other freshwater animals.
Impact of Effective Frequency Jack-knife Stretching on Preadolescent Male Football Players -Prospective Cohort Study-
Authors: Nakase Junsuke , Sasaki Kentaro , Shimozaki Kengo , Asai Kazuki , Muramatsu Ryota , Sengoku Takuya , Morita Yui , Kimura Tsuyoshi , Toyooka Kazu , Yoshimizu Rikuto , Kimura Mitsuhiro , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective: We aimed to investigate the effective frequency of jack-knife stretching in preadolescent male football players. Methods: We enrolled 47 male preadolescent football players (average age: 12.4 ± 0.6 years old). All participants took surveys at baseline and after intervention for 6 months. The survey items were height, weight, body mass index, anteflexion in sitting, and quadriceps and hamstring tightness. The participants were divided into two groups according to the stretching exercise frequency, where group A performed stretching at least once every 3 days and group B performed stretching less than once every 3 days. After exclusion, 17 participants were enrolled in each group.Results: There was a significant increase in anteflexion in the sitting position in group A but not group B; moreover, straight leg raising was significantly larger in Group AConclusions: Performing jack-knife stretching at least once every 3 days’ intervals could improve hamstring flexibility in preadolescent male football players.Level of Evidence Level Ⅱ
In Vivo Assessment of Burn Depth and Wound Healing Using a Handheld Terahertz Hyperspectral Scanner
Authors: Osman Omar , Harris Zachery , Zhou Juin , Khani Mahmoud , Singer Adam , Arbab M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The accuracy of clinical assessment in partial-thickness burn injuries has remained as low as 50-75%. Depending on the depth and environmental factors in the wound, such as reactive oxygen species, inflammation, and autophagy, partial-thickness burns can heal spontaneously or require surgical intervention. In this study, we demonstrate that Terahertz Time-Domain Spectral Imaging (THz-TDSI) is a promising tool for in vivo quantitative assessment of burn injuries. We used a novel handheld THz-TDSI scanner to characterize burn injuries in a porcine scald model with histopathological control. Prior work used THz reflectivity (representation of tissue hydration) as the only source of signal contrast. However, we used the spectral amplitude and the spectral slope of the terahertz electric field to distinguish the different severities of burns, suggesting that the energy loss due to electromagnetic scattering from skin constituents serves an additional metric to quantitatively assess burn injuries. Statistical analysis (n = 40) indicates that THz-TDSI can accurately differentiate between partial-thickness and full-thickness burn injuries (1-way ANOVA, p < 0.05) and monitor the healing process of partial thickness burns. THz-TDSI has the potential to improve burn care outcomes by helping surgeons to make objective decisions for early excision.
The Effect of Rotigotine on Cognitive Function and Sleep Problems in Parkinson's Disease: an Open-Label Pilot Study
Authors: Suzuki Keisuke , Funakoshi Kei , Fujita Hiroaki , Hirata Koichi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: We hypothesized that rotigotine may have a positive effect on cognitive function in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) by improving daytime motor function and nighttime sleep status due to its 24-hour sustained properties.Methods: We evaluated the effect of rotigotine on motor symptoms, cognitive function, daytime sleepiness, sleep disturbances, and motor symptoms in 10 PD patients with sleep disturbances, defined as a PD Sleep Scale (PDSS)-2 score of ≥ 15, in a single-center, 3-month open-label study. Participants received 24 mg/24 h (patch content: 4.5-9 mg) rotigotine for a 3-month period. At baseline and 3 months, patients were evaluated on the Movement Disorder Society Revision of the Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) parts III and IV and cognitive assessments, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), frontal assessment battery (FAB) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and PDSS-2 were administered at baseline and at 1 month, 2 months and 3 months.Results: At 3 months, MDS-UPDRS part III (-10.7, p<0.001) and MDS-UPDRS part IV (-1.0, p=0.023) scores significantly decreased, MoCA scores (1.7, p=0.0095) significantly increased, and off time significantly decreased (-43.0 min; p=0.029) from baseline. PDSS-2 scores significantly decreased from baseline at 2 months (-14.5, p<0.05) and 3 months (-20.0, p<0.001). ESS, MMSE or FAB scores did not significantly change after rotigotine treatment.Conclusion: Our preliminary findings suggest that low-dose rotigotine could improve motor symptoms, sleep disturbance, and cognitive function without worsening daytime sleepiness in patients with PD.
Wide-field Swept-source OCT Analysis of Interocular Symmetry of Choroidal Thickness in Subjects with Uncomplicated Pachychoroid
Authors: Kim Min-Su , Lim Hyung-Bin , Lee Woo-Hyuk , Won Yeo-Kyoung , Nam Gi-Yup , Kim Jung-Yeul 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Purpose: To study the bilateral choroidal thickness (CT) symmetry and difference in uncomplicated pachychoroid subjects using wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).Methods: All subjects underwent a wide-field 16-mm 1-line scan using SS-OCT. Bilateral CT was measured at, and compared among, the following 12 points: 3 points at 900-µm intervals from the nasal optic disc margin (nasal peripapillary area), 1 point at the subfovea, 6 points at 900-µm intervals from the fovea to the nasal and temporal areas (macular area), and 2 peripheral points 5,400 and 8,100 µm from the fovea (peripheral area). Associations between interocular CT differences in the various measurement areas and clinical factors were analyzed.Results: There was no statistically significant differences in CT between the right and left eyes in any area (all p > 0.05); they all showed significant positive correlations (all p < 0.01). However, the correlation coefficients (ρ) were smaller for the nasal peripapillary and peripheral areas compared to the macular area. In addition, the interocular axial length differences were significantly associated with interocular CT differences in the macular area, but not in the nasal peripapillary or peripheral area. No other clinical factor was associated with interocular CT differences in any area.Conclusions: The CTs in each region were bilaterally symmetrical in subjects with uncomplicated pachychoroid. However, interocular difference in CT increased from the center to the periphery, indicating that the anatomical variation of the nasal peripapillary and peripheral choroid was greater than that of the macula.
Nursing Care on Improving Postoperative Condition in CIPA Patients Combined with Charcot Spine
Authors: Tong Bingdu , Zhao Zhengye , Tian Ye , Cai Siyi , Zhang Jianguo , Wu Nan , Chen Yaping , Guo Na 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCongenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare, hereditary, sensory autonomic neuropathy. There are few reports on CIPA combined with Charcot spine. Operation is a most effective method for CIPA patients who combine with Charcot spine, but those patients are easy to get hyperthermia and internal fixation failure after operation. Patients’ deficit teeth also make nutrition management difficult. In order to help patients to avoid these problems, we designed a series of preoperative and postoperative nursing means: 1. Rectal temperature monitoring and Temperature control 2. Use new posture management 3. Assess the nutritional status of patients and make a diet plan. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of these nursing means. MethodsWe retrospectively analysed the records of 3 CIPA patients combined with Charcot spine who accepted our nursing means to examine the effect of the nursing means.ResultsRectal thermometry was more accurate than axillary thermometry. Physical cooling prevented hyperthermia for CIPA patients after operation. None of 3 patients had internal fixation failure. The BMI of one patient was only 14.0(malnutrition) before surgery, through nutritional intervention, all 3 patients’ serum albumin levels returned to normal before discharge from the hospital.ConclusionsIn summary, this study has made a lot of suggestions that can improve the prognosis of CIPA patients with Charcot spine.
Multivariate Statistical Analysis Applied to Physical Properties of Soybean Cultivars in The Design and Regulation of Post-Harvest Equipment
Authors: Coradi Paulo , Oliveira Josiane , Teodoro Larissa , Rodrigues Dágila , Teodoro Paulo , Moraes Rosana 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The present work had as aim to evaluate the similar of soybean cultivars according to physical properties as a guiding parameter for decision making in the design and regulation of post-harvest equipment using multivariate analysis. First, Pearson's correlation coefficients were estimated. Posteriorly, principal component analysis was performed to verify the interrelationship between variables and soybean cultivars. A biplot was built with the first two principal components. Finally, a boxplot was built for each variable considering the grouping presented by the analysis of main components. By principal component analysis, we identified the formation of two clusters (G1 and G2) of cultivars. Unit specific mass was the physical property that most contributed to the formation of G1, while the other physical properties contributed to the formation of G2. Soybean cultivars comprising the G1 are more similar to each other only for unit specific mass, and the cultivars allocated in group G2 are more similar for all the other properties evaluated. These results are recommended by the equipment manufacturing industry and the seed processing units to carry out projects and equipment adjustments to efficiently manage the post-harvest of soybean seeds.
Anlotinib--A “Present” for Treatment of Spinal Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: han kedong , he zhijiang , wen jian , huang yichao , chen hua 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background:Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare malignant vascular tumor with vascular and sarcomatous components that can affect the spine. There has been no standard second-line treatment for EHE with first-line chemotherapy.Case description: We report a 30-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital on August 6, 2018.Complaining of waist and lumbar pain lasting for 1 month. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) showed osteolytic bone destruction and abnormal glucose metabolism and surgically removing the cancer. Post-operative diagnose was EHE. We gave a four-course chemotherapy combination with concurrent radiotherapy. About 1month later, the patients whose cancers have progressed. A second-line treatment is given anlotinib to prevent the further spread of metastatic cancer. Conclusions:The presence of stable disease after take anlotinib lasted for up to six months and the OS was 16 months. Anlotinib explores therapy in EHE that recoup the defects and shortcomings in rare soft tissue sarcoma. We expect more patients can benefit from this treatment.
Effects of Early Mask Mandates and Other Policy Interventions on COVID-19 Infections
Authors: An Brian , Porcher Simon , Tang Shui Yan , Kim Emily 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
How do different government mandates compare in their short and long-term efficacies in curbing COVID-19 infections? Does a mandate’s early adoption enhance its eventual efficacy? Using worldwide data on the daily evolution of government mandate adoptions and COVID-19 infections from January to July 2020, we found that, compared with five other commonly adopted mandates, early adoption of the mask mandate has the strongest short and long-term effect on curbing infections. Mass gathering bans and school closures have some effect but take more time to manifest their efficacy. Domestic lockdowns and restaurant closures have the least effect. When designing measures for curbing COVID-19 infections, governments must weigh the timing and relative efficacies of alternative policy instruments.
Antheraea proylei J. sericin induces apoptosis in a caspase dependent manner in A549 and HeLa cells and caspase independent manner in PC3 cells
Authors: Devi Potsangbam Jolly , Singh Asem Robinson , Singh Lisam Shanjukumar , Singh Laishram Rupachandra , Devi Sanjenbam Kunjeshwori 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn spite of much progress in understanding the biology of cancer disease, advancement in technology for early diagnosis, the expanding array of anticancer drugs and treatment modalities, the global cancer burden is still significant and increasing. It is estimated that the new cases of cancer in the year 2040 will be 29.4 million per year globally. Sericin, an adhesive protein of silk cocoons has been shown to be a potential protein in various biomedical applications including cancer therapeutics. The present study evaluates the anticancer property of sericin from cocoons of Antheraea proylei J. (SAP) against human lung cancer (A549), cervical cancer (HeLa), and prostate cancer (PC3) cell lines. This is the first report of anti-cancer activity of the non-mulberry silkworm A. proylei J. Methods SAP was prepared from cocoons of A. proylei J. by the process of degumming method. The amino acid composition of SAP was determined by HPLC. Cytotoxicity activity was assessed by MTT assay and genotoxicity activity was assessed by comet assay. Cleavage of caspase and PARP proteins and phosphorylation of MAPK pathway members were analysed by Western blotting. Cell cycle analysis was done by flow cytometery.ResultsSAP causes cytotoxicity to A549, HeLa and PC3 cell lines with the IC50 values ranging from 3.4-3.9 µg/µl. SAP induces apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner through caspase-3 and p38 and ERK pathways in A549 and HeLa cells respectively whereas in PC3 cells, SAP induces apoptosis independent of caspase through p38 pathway. Moreover, in the case of A549 and HeLa cells SAP induces cell cycle arrest at S phase in a dose dependent manner whereas at G0 phase in the case PC3 cells.ConclusionSAP induces apoptosis in A549, HeLa, and PC3. The difference in the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induced by SAP in A549 and HeLa and in PC3 may be due to the differences in the genotypes of the cancer cell lines. However, further investigation is warranted. The overall results of the present study envisage the possibility of using SAP as anti-tumorigenic agent.