bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential effects of cotreatment of the antibiotic rifampin with host-directed therapeutics in reducing intracellular Staphylococcus aureus infection
Authors: Evans Melissa D. , Sammelson Robert , McDowell Susan 
Published: November 2020

Background
Chronic infection by Staphylococcus aureus drives pathogenesis in important clinical settings, such as recurrent pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis and relapsing infection in osteomyelitis. Treatment options for intracellular S. aureus infection are limited. Rifampin, a lipophilic antibiotic, readily penetrates host cell membranes, yet monotherapy is associated with rapid antibiotic resistance and development of severe adverse events. Antibiotic cotreatment can reduce this progression, yet efficacy diminishes as antibiotic resistance develops. ML141 and simvastatin inhibit S. aureus invasion through host-directed rather than bactericidal mechanisms.

Objective
To determine whether cotreatment of ML141 or of simvastatin with rifampin would enhance rifampin efficacy.

Methods
Assays to assess host cell invasion, host cell viability, host cell membrane permeability, and bactericidal activity were performed using the human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293-A cell line infected with S. aureus (29213) and treated with vehicle control, simvastatin, ML141, rifampin, or cotreatment of simvastatin or ML141 with rifampin.

Results
We found cotreatment of ML141 with rifampin reduced intracellular infection nearly 85% when compared to the no treatment control. This decrease more than doubled the average 40% reduction in response to rifampin monotherapy. In contrast, cotreatment of simvastatin with rifampin failed to improve rifampin efficacy. Also, in contrast to ML141, simvastatin increased propidium iodide (PI) positive cells, from an average of 10% in control HEK 293-A cells to nearly 20% in simvastatin-treated cells, indicating an increase in host cell membrane permeability. The simvastatin-induced increase was reversed to control levels by cotreatment of simvastatin with rifampin.

Conclusion
Taken together, rifampin efficacy is increased through host-directed inhibition of S. aureus invasion by ML141, while efficacy is not increased by simvastatin. Considerations regarding novel therapeutic approaches may be dependent on underlying differences in pharmacology.
Suicide and Suicidal Ideation Among Survivors of Childhood Cancer
Authors: Tan Jia Yang , Ge Genevieve , Low Chen Ee , Rana Sounak , Tan Tessa Ying Zhen , Fang Nicholas Bao Jun , Teo Joie Yi Yun , Yap Yu Ting , Yau Chun En , Lee Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin , Ho Cyrus Su Hui 
Published: February 2025

ImportanceReliable estimates of the prevalence and risk of suicide and suicidal ideation (SI) among childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) are crucial in informing efforts to address this issue.ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the prevalence and risk of suicide and SI among CCSs.Data SourcesA literature search was conducted of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO from January 1, 2000, to November 17, 2024.Study SelectionAll noncontrolled and controlled studies that evaluated the prevalence and risk of suicide and SI and drew comparisons between CCSs and their counterparts. Studies including participants older than 25 years, no reported outcomes, case studies, case reviews, and review articles were excluded.Data Extraction and SynthesisThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses reporting guideline was followed with prospective PROSPERO registration. Prevalence was pooled for single-arm studies. Relative risk ratio (RR) was pooled for double-arm studies. Metaprop was used to meta-analyze the prevalence of suicide and SI under a generalized linear mixed model. For dichotomous outcomes, meta-analyses were performed to compute the RR of the psychological outcome compared with controls.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrevalence of suicide and SI, the RR of suicide and SI among CCSs compared with controls, and risk factors associated with suicidality outcomes.ResultsFrom 531 records, 16 studies were included. Studies on suicide included 148 869 participants and studies on SI included 20 140 participants. The prevalence of suicide among CCSs was 0.30% (0.13%-0.69%) and of SI was 9% (95% CI, 7%-11%). There was a significantly increased risk of SI among CCSs compared with controls (RR, 1.67 [95% Cl, 1.39-2.01]), but not of suicide (RR, 1.50 [95% CI, 0.63-3.62]). Subgroup analyses suggested that prevalence of SI is much higher during the active cancer period than years after (proportion, 0.14 [95% CI, 0.10-0.19] vs 0.08 [95% CI, 0.06-0.09]). The systematic review identified preexisting mental illness, poor physical health, older age, male sex, and being single as risk factors associated with suicidality outcomes.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this meta-analysis of suicide and SI among CCSs, the risk of suicide was no different among CCSs compared with controls, but CCSs had a higher risk of SI. Future studies are needed to explore suicidality outcomes among CCSs to guide targeted support policies.
MXene 3D/4D Printing: Ink Formulation and Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Nouseen Shaista , Pumera Martin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract2D MXenes are a rapidly expanding class of 2D materials with a broad spectrum of electrochemical applications, particularly in the electrochemical energy storage area. Concurrently, 3D and 4D printing techniques have garnered significant research attention offering customized designs, rapid prototyping, and cost‐effective scalable production. Integrating MXene into the 3D/4D printed structures offers a promising path for the development of advanced electrochemical energy storage devices, with the combination of outstanding properties of MXene and the versatility of printing technology. The present article provides a comprehensive report on MXene printing technologies, focusing on their rheological characteristics, surface chemistry, ink formulation, stability, and storage. Different printing techniques, including 3D/4D printing, screen printing, inkjet printing, and continuous liquid interface production (CLIP) methods—are discussed in the context of MXene integration. Additionally, the application of printed MXene materials in electrochemical energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors and batteries, is explored along with future directions in evolving fields.
Continuous Conjugated Polymer Network in Elastomer Matrix Arising from Solution‐State Aggregation and Film‐Forming Dynamics Favoring Mechanical and Electrical Properties
Authors: Zuo Jiaming , Jin Tianya , Li Hongxiang , Li Junhang , Liu Xinyu , Yu Xinhong , Han Yang , Han Yanchun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe continuous conjugated polymer network structure in an elastomer matrix is significant for carrier transport. However, high‐mobility conjugated polymers tend to form island‐like phase separation. Here, a strategy is proposed to achieve a continuous conjugated polymer network structure via weakening the intermolecular interaction between the conjugated polymer chains and fast aggregation between conjugated polymer backbones during the film‐forming process. This is enabled by hot spin‐coating poly(2,5‐bis(4‐hexyldodecyl)‐2,5‐dihydro‐3,6‐di‐2‐thienyl‐pyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐1,4‐dione‐alt‐thiophene) (PDPPT3) and polystyrene‐block‐poly(ethylene‐ran‐butylene)‐block‐polystyrene (SEBS) blend hot solution at 130 °C. In the solution state, PDPPT3 is observed to form small aggregates at 130 °C due to the decreased intermolecular interaction. In the film‐forming process, these small aggregates grow rapidly and form a continuous network due to the enhanced polymer chain motion. In the meantime, the large‐scale phase separation is suppressed by the short film formation time. Eventually, a sandwich‐like vertical phase separation is generated, comprising a PDPPT3‐enriched continuous network at both the top and bottom surfaces. Under strain, this small‐scale phase separation PDPPT3 network can rotate freely and maintain sufficient connections for carrier transport. Finally, the optimized films exhibit 177% fracture strain and high average mobility of 0.99 cm2 V−1 s−1 over 500 stretch‐release cycles. This study offers a valuable approach for controlling morphology in blend systems.
Coherent Phonons, Localization, and Slow Polaron Formation in Lead‐Free Gold Perovskite
Authors: Ramesh Sankaran , Wang Yonghong , Chabera Pavel , Araujo Rafael , Aboulsaad Mustafa , Edvinsson Tomas , Gao Feng , Pullerits Tönu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLead‐free metal halide perovskites are emerging as less‐toxic alternatives to their lead‐based counterparts. However, their applicability in optoelectronic devices is limited, and the charge transport dynamics remain poorly understood. Understanding photo‐induced charge and structural dynamics is critical for unlocking the potential of these novel systems. In this work, ultrafast optical and Raman spectroscopy combined with band structure calculations are employed to investigate the coupled electronic and vibrational dynamics in Caesium gold bromide, a promising lead‐free perovskite. It is found that the band‐edge charge transfer states are strongly coupled to Au─Br stretching phonon modes, leading to frequency modulation of absorption by coherent phonons. Early‐stage relaxation is characterized by dynamics of delocalized charge transfer excitation and slowly decaying coherent phonons. The electronic and vibrational relaxation reveals a slow formation of a localized polaronic state in the 10–20 ps timescale. Using a displaced harmonic oscillator model, the polaronic binding energy is estimated to be ≈80 meV following lattice relaxation along the phonon modes. Strong exciton‐phonon coupling and slow polaron formation via coupling to lattice modes make this material a promising testbed for the control of coherent phonons and localized polaronic states using light.
Lattice and Bandgap Modulation in Metal Halide Perovskites by B‐Site Ions Substitution
Authors: Chu Anshi , Luo Jun , Zhang Danliang , Xie Yunfei , Li Siyao , He Junyu , Li Min , Jiang Jincheng , Wu Jing , Cai Mengqiu , Zhuang Xiujuan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMetal halide perovskites have attracted much attention due to their properties and wide applications in optoelectronic devices. B‐site ion substitution, especially heterovalency substitution, is proven to be one of the practical approaches to modulate lattice structure and improve physicochemical properties. Here, lattice and bandgap modulation in all‐inorganic perovskites CsPbX3 are achieved by substituting Pb2+ with Bi3+. A series of CsPb1‐xBixBr3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) microplates with the x values precisely tuned are prepared by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The lattice structure varies from single crystal CsPbBr3 with a cubic structure to the single crystal Cs3Bi2Br9 with a hexagonal structure. Correspondingly, three photoluminescence (PL) bands gradually emerge during the substituting: green, blue, and broad red‐to‐near‐infrared emission. From micro‐area photoluminescence spectra as a function of excitation power and temperature, combined with time‐resolved PL characterization, the emission bands are confirmed from band‐edge and self‐trapped excitons (STEs) emission. From density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the STE emission in CsPb0.9Bi0.1Br3 and CsPb0.1Bi0.9Br3 is highly related to a combined defect contributed by bromide vacancy and the substitution of B‐site ions. This study paves a new way for expanding the spectral range of perovskite emitters and even preparing white light‐emitting devices.
Staphylococcus Aureus Tames Nociceptive Neurons to Suppress Synovial Macrophage Responses for Sustained Infection in Septic Arthritis
Authors: Fang Xinyu , Chen Yang , Ding Haiqi , Huang Changyu , Hu Hongxin , Zhang Chaofan , Lin Yunzhi , Wang Qijin , Hu Xueni , Lin Yiming , Chen Yongfa , Zhang Nanxin , Yuan Xuhui , Huang Ying , Li Wenbo , Niu Susheng , Lin Jianhua , Yang Bin , Yuan Tifei , Zhang Wenming 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe interaction between the nervous system and immune system during chronic bacterial infection remains unclear. Here, it is reported that Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection induces calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) secretion from intra‐articular transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 positive (TRPV1+) nociceptive nerves through its pore‐forming toxin (PFT) α‐hemolysin. The released CGRP then inhibits the production of chemotactic cytokines by CX3CR1+ tissue‐resident synovial lining macrophages via receptor activity modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) receptors at the onset of septic arthritis. During the subsequent chronic course of infection, the continuous release of CGRP triggered by pain has a lasting effect on the antimicrobial capabilities of macrophages, thereby promoting bacterial survival and joint damage. This evidence suggests a critical role for neuroimmune regulation in S. aureus‐induced chronic septic arthritis. CGRP receptor antagonism may reduce joint destruction, thus providing a new option for treating bone and joint infections.
Reconfigurable Mixed‐Dimensional Transistor With Semimetal CNT Contacts
Authors: Li Xuanzhang , Li Yuheng , Mei Zhen , Liang Liang , Li Qunqing , Fan Shoushan , Wei Yang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractReconfigurable low‐dimensional devices are attractive for electronics in the post‐Moore era. However, their performance and function design are limited by the metal–semiconductor contacts for the Fermi level pinning and fixed Schottky barrier height (SBH). Here, semimetal carbon nanotube (sCNT) contacts are incorporated into a WSe2 transistor to address these issues. The transistor exhibits excellent ambipolar transfer characteristics with on/off ratio exceeding 107 for both hole and electron conduction. Furthermore, the output characteristics are reconfigured among the four equivalent modes, P–P, P–N, N–P, and N–N, by applying appropriate gate voltage. The significant forward and backward rectifying behaviors at P‐N and N‐P modes are highly symmetrical and have high rectification ratios of over 106. The improvements are attributed to specific semimetal contacts for the gate‐tunable SBH and the drain‐induced Schottky barrier lowering (DISBL) effect. Practical circuits include a reconfigurable filter circuit and a logic invertor have been further demonstrated successfully. The progress reveals that the semimetal contacts have great potential in future reconfigurable devices and circuits.
Self‐Reported Access to Specialized Genetics Providers Among Families of Young Children With Birth Defects in Texas
Authors: Betancourt Dayana , Shumate Charles , Yantz Caitlyn , Gandhi Henal , Drummond‐Borg Margaret , Kubenka Christina , Singletary Claire , Riconda Daniel , Agopian A. J. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSpecialized genetics providers can help families of children with birth defects understand their child's condition and guide their medical treatment. The Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch (BDESB) routinely connects young children from the Texas Birth Defects Registry (TBDR) with select birth defects to agency social workers for assistance. Beginning in November 2022, social workers asked parents they reached: “Has the parent or child met with a geneticist or genetic counselor (or visited a genetics clinic)?”. Responses were tabulated, overall and by select characteristics of interest. A chi‐square test was used to evaluate if these characteristics were associated (p < 0.05) with self‐reported access to a specialized genetics provider. Among the 400 families reached, 261 (65%) did not recall accessing specialized genetics providers. Lower access was observed among children with spina bifida or encephalocele, isolated birth defects, children without medical insurance, children meeting CDC developmental milestones, and younger mothers. Lower access was also observed in certain areas of the state, including the Texas‐Mexico border. Our findings suggest that, in Texas, more than half (65%) of families of children with select birth defects are not accessing specialized genetics providers, and additional research is needed to work toward increasing access.
Identifying the optimal dose of cannabidiol by intrabuccal administration in Kramnik (C3HeB/FeJ) mice
Authors: Omotayo Oluwadara Pelumi , Bhengu Siyethemba , Venter Kobus , Lemmer Yolandy , Mason Shayne 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundCannabidiol (CBD) has numerous therapeutic properties, and is used to treat neurological conditions, such as neuroinflammation. However, the optimal dose of CBD to penetrate the brain requires further investigation. The primary aim of this study was to use a mouse model and the intrabuccal route for CBD administration to determine the optimal dose at which CBD can penetrate the brain. The secondary aim was to determine whether sex is a confounding factor.MethodsThirty adult Kramnik mice, divided equally into three groups, were administered CBD oil intrabuccally at three doses—10, 20, and 30 mg/kg, euthanized 6 h later, and whole brain, urine, and blood samples were collected. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze the collected samples.ResultsCBD and its three metabolites—7‐carboxy cannabidiol (7‐COOH‐CBD), 7‐hydroxy cannabidiol (7‐OH‐CBD) and 6‐hydroxy cannabidiol (6‐OH‐CBD), were identified and quantified in all samples. The 10 and 20 mg/kg doses of CBD produced similar results in the brain, but the group given the 10 mg/kg dose had the least variation. The 30 mg/kg dose yielded the highest abundance of CBD and its metabolites in all samples, but also the greatest variation. Sex only became a confounding factor at 30 mg/kg.ConclusionsThis study shows that the intrabuccal route of CBD administration is reliable and the 10 mg/kg dose of CBD is recommended in mice because there were good CBD metabolite concentrations in all samples, with the least variation among the doses, and sex was not a confounder at 10 mg/kg.
Selective Gold Recycling from Electronic Waste Using a Highly Stable Porous Aromatic Framework/Polymer and Its Application for CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Xue Tianwei , Xu Guangkuo , Liu Chengbin , Li Ruiqing , Wu Yanyin , Guo Yuyu , Gong Shan , Shao Zeyu , Cai Xiangcheng , Zou Haoyu , Cui Linxiao , Zhao Jia , Gao Zhihong , Yang Shuliang , Li Jun , Han Buxing , Peng Li 
Published: February 2025

Recycling gold from electronic waste represents a sustainable and environmentally friendly strategy for both resource recovery and waste reduction. In this study, we designed an innovative and highly stable porous aromatic framework (PAF)/polymer composite, PAF‐147/polydopamine (PDA), as an efficient adsorbent for selective gold recovery for the first time. The maximum gold adsorption capacity of PAF‐147/PDA reached 1700 mg·g⁻¹. Furthermore, it could rapidly extract over 95% of gold from solutions in a pH range of 0‐10 within just 2 minutes. Importantly, as a real application demonstration, the PAF‐147/PDA composite selectively recovered 99% of gold from the leachate of discarded central processing units. When the recovered Au‐containing composite was applied to electrocatalytic CO2 reduction, the Faradaic efficiency for CO production exceeded 95% across acidic, neutral, and alkaline electrolytes, outperforming most reported gold‐based catalysts due to the cooperation effect of the composite and Au. This work opens a new way for the combination of selective gold recovery from electronic waste with highly efficient CO2 conversion.
Efficient Removal of Emerging Contaminant Sulfamethazine in Water by Fe2O3: Roles of Morphological Features and Oxygen Vacancies
Authors: Wu Guangyu , Li Geng , Wang Jingyi , Shi Shilin , Guo Simeng , Pan Yuwei , Zhang Ying , Han Jiangang , Xing Weinan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe inability to recycle Fenton reagents and a narrow pH range restricts hematite (Fe2O3) application in the actual photo‐Fenton system. The engineering of surface structures is identified as an effective approach for enhancing the photo‐Fenton activity of the material. In this work, three different morphologies (nanosheet, cube, and ring) Fe2O3 materials containing oxygen vacancies (OVs) were synthesized by hydrothermal method, and a novel system for the photo‐Fenton degradation of sulfamethazine was examined. In the presence of oxalic acid, the Fe2O3/oxalic acid heterogeneous catalytic system demonstrated the in situ generation of H2O2 and facilitated Fenton‐like reactions. The as‐prepared nanosheet‐Fe2O3 showed the highest photo‐Fenton degradation efficiency. The free radical capture experiment was investigated by using different free radical sacrificial agents, and the results suggested that superoxide radicals were the principal active species involved. Ecotoxicity assessments utilizing toxicity prediction software assessed the reaction intermediates generated during sulfamethazine degradation via a quantitative structure–activity relationship method, indicating that these intermediates exhibited reduced developmental toxicity. The possible pathways of sulfamethazine degradation and mechanism for synergistic degradation sulfamethazine effect between Fe2O3 and oxalic acid were proposed. This research presents an effective strategy for the design and synthesis of Fe2O3 photocatalysts with various morphologies and oxygen vacancies, suitable for application in photo‐Fenton catalysis and related environmental contexts.
Adherence and persistence with direct oral anticoagulants by dose regimen: A systematic review
Authors: Quirós López Raúl , Formiga Pérez Francesc , Beyer‐Westendorf Jan 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionDirect oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are used in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) to prevent complications such as embolic events. Poor adherence to DOACs increases the risk of these complications. This manuscript reviews the impact of once‐daily (OD) vs twice‐daily (BID) dosing regimens on adherence and persistence to the authorized DOACs (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban) in patients with NVAF, aiming to provide insights into guide clinical decision‐making.MethodsA systematic review was performed. First, a bibliographical search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus and the Cochrane Library. Articles that provided quantitative data comparing adherence and/or persistence associated with OD vs BID regimens of DOACs among patients receiving treatment for NVAF were included. Two analyses of adherence and persistence were conducted, one based on the overall outcomes and another, more restricted, to minimize the risk of overestimating results. Additionally, univariate analyses were conducted based on the number of follow‐up days and the DOAC molecule.ResultsThirty‐nine studies, involving 976 494 patients, were analysed. The OD regimen demonstrated significantly higher adherence and persistence (P < .05) than the BID regimen in most outcomes. Adherence favoured OD in 53.1% of cases, while only 12.2% favoured BID. Similarly, persistence was higher with the OD regimen in 67.7% of cases compared to 14.9% for the BID regimen. These results remained consistent over time; nevertheless, variations were observed depending on the specific DOAC molecules.ConclusionAdherence and persistence of treatment with DOACs in patients with NVAF were greater for the OD than for the BID regimen.