bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental evolution of competing bean beetle species reveals long‐term reversals of short‐term evolution, but no consistent character displacement
Authors: Hausch Stephen J. , Vamosi Steven M. , Fox Jeremy W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractInterspecific competition for shared resources should select for evolutionary divergence in resource use between competing species, termed character displacement. Many purported examples of character displacement exist, but few completely rule out alternative explanations. We reared genetically diverse populations of two species of bean beetles, Callosobruchus maculatus and Callosobruchus chinensis, in allopatry and sympatry on a mixture of adzuki beans and lentils, and assayed oviposition preference and other phenotypic traits after four, eight, and twelve generations of (co)evolution. C. maculatus specializes on adzuki beans; the generalist C. chinensis uses both beans. C. chinensis growing in allopatry emerged equally from both bean species. In sympatry, the two species competing strongly and coexisted via strong realized resource partitioning, with C. chinensis emerging almost exclusively from lentils and C. maculatus emerging almost exclusively from adzuki beans. However, oviposition preferences, larval survival traits, and larval development rates in both beetle species did not vary consistently between allopatric versus sympatric treatments. Rather, traits evolved in treatment‐independent fashion, with several traits exhibiting reversals in their evolutionary trajectories. For example, C. chinensis initially evolved a slower egg‐to‐adult development rate on adzuki beans in both allopatry and sympatry, then subsequently evolved back toward the faster ancestral development rate. Lack of character displacement is consistent with a previous similar experiment in bean beetles and may reflect lack of evolutionary trade‐offs in resource use. However, evolutionary reversals were unexpected and remain unexplained. Together with other empirical and theoretical work, our results illustrate the stringency of the conditions for character displacement.
Clade composition of a plant community indicates its phylogenetic diversity
Authors: Bitomský Martin , Mládková Pavla , Pakeman Robin J. , Duchoslav Martin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPhylogenetic diversity quantification is based on indices computed from phylogenetic distances among species, which are derived from phylogenetic trees. This approach requires phylogenetic expertise and available molecular data, or a fully sampled synthesis‐based phylogeny. Here, we propose and evaluate a simpler alternative approach based on taxonomic coding. We developed metrics, the clade indices, based on information about clade proportions in communities and species richness of a community or a clade, which do not require phylogenies. Using vegetation records from herbaceous plots from Central Europe and simulated vegetation plots based on a megaphylogeny of vascular plants, we examined fit accuracy of our proposed indices for all dimensions of phylogenetic diversity (richness, divergence, and regularity). For real vegetation data, the clade indices fitted phylogeny‐based metrics very accurately (explanatory power was usually higher than 80% for phylogenetic richness, almost always higher than 90% for phylogenetic divergence, and often higher than 70% for phylogenetic regularity). For phylogenetic regularity, fit accuracy was habitat and species richness dependent. For phylogenetic richness and divergence, the clade indices performed consistently. In simulated datasets, fit accuracy of all clade indices increased with increasing species richness, suggesting better precision in species‐rich habitats and at larger spatial scales. Fit accuracy for phylogenetic divergence and regularity was unreliable at large phylogenetic scales, suggesting inadvisability of our method in habitats including many distantly related lineages. The clade indices are promising alternative measures for all projects with a phylogenetic framework, which can trade‐off a little precision for a significant speed‐up and simplification, such as macroecological analyses or where phylogenetic data is incomplete.
Nonnegative matrix factorization‐based privacy‐preserving collaborative filtering on cloud computing
Authors: Li Tao , Wang Yanqing , Ren Yongjun , Ren Yongzhen , Qian Qi , Gong Xi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe security of user personal information on cloud computing is an important issue for the recommendation system. In order to provide high‐quality recommendation services, privacy of user is often obtained by untrusted recommendation systems. At the same time, malicious attacks often use the recommendation results to try to guess the private data of user. This article proposes a hybrid algorithm based on nonnegative matrix factorization and random perturbation technology, which implements the recommendation system and solves the protection problem of user privacy data in the recommendation process on cloud computing. Compared with the privacy protection algorithm of SVD, the elements of the matrix after the decomposition of the new algorithm are nonnegative elements, avoiding the meaninglessness of negative numbers in the matrix formed by texts, images, and so on, and it has a good explanation for the local characteristics of things. Experiments show that the new algorithm can produce recommendation results with certain accuracy under the premise of protecting users' personal privacy on cloud computing.
A shallow water event‐driven approach to simulate turbidity currents at stratigraphic scale
Authors: Santos Túlio L. , Lopes Alexandre A. O. , Coutinho Alvaro L. G. A. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryWe present a new event‐driven approach that combines a shallow water flow model with a practical sedimentation technique to simulate the formation of turbidite depositional systems at a stratigraphic scale. The equations that govern turbidity currents dynamics are solved using a new finite element flux‐corrected transport scheme. In this sense, the low‐order formulation is built by adding a novel Rusanov‐like scalar dissipation scaled by a shock‐capturing operator to standard Galerkin equations. From it, the high‐order system is obtained by including antidiffusive fluxes linearized around the low‐order solution and limited with the Zalesak's algorithm, following a minmod prelimiter. Implicit time integration with adaptive time steps is performed with an iterative nonlinear scheme that linearizes source terms. Sedimentation is implemented by carrying five granulometric fractions (clay, silt, and fine, medium, and coarse sands) along evolved streaklines and radially scattering sediments that deposit filling the available depositional space and compacting the underneath sediment layers. The flow is computed while an event discharge into an area of interest is active, or the inflow current has not reached an equilibrium state. Afterward, the event deposition step is executed. Numerical results of our flow solver presented a good agreement with available exact and literature solutions, and the simulated sediment deposits suggest that our approach is well suited for stratigraphic scale simulations.
Investigation of hot air and foam‐mat dried cress seed gum by FT‐IR, zeta potential, steady shear viscosity, dynamic oscillatory behavior, and other physical properties
Authors: Moniri Hannaneh , Farahmandfar Reza , Motamedzadegan Ali 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe effects of different drying methods (hot air drying at 40, 60, and 80°C, and foam‐mat drying) on the characteristics (FT‐IR, zeta potential, conductivity, color, rheology, texture, and emulsifying) of extracted cress seed gum (CSG) have been investigated. The models described the rheological behavior of CSG with high R2, but in general Herschel–Bulkley's model has higher values of R2 and lower values of RMSE compared to the fitted models. The HD 80 has high amount of viscosity. This means that as the temperature rises, the gel network is getting stronger, and gums from the internal CSG sections have a stronger gel network. Results of strain sweep test demonstrated that storage () and loss modulus () for all solutions except foam‐mat drying in the linear area showed solid‐like behavior. The parameters of strain sweep (Gf, τf, τy, , , YLVE) increased with increasing temperatures. Frequency sweep test showed that storage () was greater than loss modulus () and samples have a solid behavior but foam‐mat drying exhibited liquid behavior. Increasing temperature has a direct impact on texture, so hardness and adhesion are increased consequently. Generally, CSG has good emulsifying and foaming characteristics, but no significant difference was observed.
Identification of a t(X;17)(q28;q21) generating a KANSL1‐MTCP1 gene fusion leading to dysregulated expression of MTCP1 in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Li Si‐Xing , Chen Xin‐Jie , Jiang Lu , Lei Yi‐Chen , Zhang Yun‐Xiang , Dai Bing , Zhang Wei‐Na , Zhong Meng‐Ling , Fan Ya‐Ling , Chen Qiu‐Sheng , Liu Han , Huang Jin‐Yan , Chen Bing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractChromosomal translocations and generating fusion genes are closely associated with disease initiation and progression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we identified a novel t(X;17)(q28;q21) chromosomal rearrangement in a patient with acute monocytic leukemia. Using RNA‐sequencing, we identified a KANSL1‐MTCP1 and a KANSL1‐CMC4 fusion gene. 5′‐UTR sequences of the KANSL1 gene were found to become fused upstream of the coding sequence region of the MTCP1 and CMC4 genes, respectively, resulting in an aberrantly high expression of these genes. Functional studies revealed that overexpression of the MTCP1 gene induced an increased cell proliferation and partial blockage of cell differentiation, suggesting that the aberrant expression of MTCP1 is of critical importance in leukemogenesis.
The Hidden Midden: Geoarchaeological investigation of sedimentation processes, waste disposal practices, and resource management at the La Tène settlement of Basel‐Gasfabrik (Switzerland)
Authors: Brönnimann David , Röder Brigitte , Spichtig Norbert , Rissanen Hannele , Lassau Guido , Rentzel Philippe 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo interpret artifact assemblages, it is necessary to understand the processes that have formed and influenced them: layer formation processes, cultural practices, and the way resources were used. In this study, we present our results of micromorphologically analyzed pits, ditches, house floors, and occupation layers found within the younger Iron Age settlement of Basel‐Gasfabrik. We defined 11 microfacies types and put them into a spatial and stratigraphic context. In addition, we quantify waste categories according to the archaeological features and microfacies types. Our results suggest that some ditches played a role in the spatial organization of the settlement, others were used as water canals. Several pits show a secondary use as roofed construction in the context of handicrafts. In addition, mapping the microfacies types reveals a differentiated use of space. Finally, differences between waste categories are visible. Dung was used as fuel and probably as fertilizer, whereas animal bone fragments and ceramic sherds have been stored on rubbish dumps, where they were available as raw material. These new insights into the use of pits, ditches, and settlement areas as well as the handling of resources provide an important basis for understanding everyday life in the settlement of Basel‐Gasfabrik.
Drink, death, and driving: Do blood alcohol content limit reductions improve road safety?
Authors: Cooper Benjamin , Gehrsitz Markus , McIntyre Stuart G. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study exploits a natural experiment in Scotland where the legal blood alcohol content (BAC) limit was reduced from 0.8 to 0.5 mg per 100 ml of blood while staying constant in all other parts of the United Kingdom. Using a difference‐in‐differences design, we find that this change in the BAC level had no impact on either traffic accident or fatality rates.
Differential Associations of Circulating MicroRNAs With Pathogenic Factors in NAFLD
Authors: Ezaz Ghideon , Trivedi Hirsh D. , Connelly Margery A. , Filozof Claudia , Howard Kellie , L.Parrish Mark , Kim Misung , Herman Mark A. , Nasser Imad , Afdhal Nezam H. , Jiang Z. Gordon , Lai Michelle 
Published: March 2020

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a heterogeneous disease driven by genetic and environmental factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as pleiotropic post‐transcriptional regulators of cellular pathways. Although several miRNAs have been associated with NAFLD and fibrosis, there are limited studies in humans examining their differential association with pathogenic factors or histological features of NAFLD. We examined the differential relationships of five of the best‐described circulating microRNAs (miR‐34a, miR‐122, miR‐191, miR‐192, and miR‐200a) with histological features and pathogenic factors of NAFLD. A cross‐sectional study was conducted to examine the relationship between relative levels of circulating microRNAs standardized by z‐scores and histological features of NAFLD, common NAFLD genetic polymorphisms, and insulin resistance measured by the enhanced lipoprotein insulin resistance index in 132 subjects with biopsy‐proven NAFLD. We found that miR‐34a, miR‐122, miR‐192, miR‐200a, but not miR‐191, strongly correlate with fibrosis in NAFLD by increases of 0.20 to 0.40 SD (P < 0.005) with each stage of fibrosis. In multivariate analysis, miR‐34a, miR‐122, and miR‐192 levels are independently associated with hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, but not lobular inflammation or ballooning degeneration, whereas miR‐200a is only associated with fibrosis. Among the four miRNAs, miR‐34a, miR‐122, and miR‐192 are associated with pathogenic factors of NAFLD, including insulin resistance measured by eLP‐IR, patatin‐like phospholipase domain containing 3 I148M, and transmembrane 6 superfamily 2 (TM6SF2) E167K polymorphisms. In contrast, miR‐200a is only associated with the TM6SF2 E167K variant. Finally, miR‐34a has the strongest predictive value for various stages of fibrosis, with C‐statistic approximates–combined predictive score for miRNAs. Conclusion: miR‐34a, miR‐122, miR‐192, and miR‐200a demonstrate strong associations with NAFLD severity by histology, but differential associations with pathogenic factors.
Accuracy evaluation of two markerless motion capture systems for measurement of upper extremities: Kinect V2 and Captiv
Authors: Steinebach Tim , Grosse Eric H. , Glock Christoph H. , Wakula Jurij , Lunin Alexander 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMotion capturing is a promising method to assess working postures and human movements and, therewith, the risk of musculoskeletal injuries that could occur while performing manual tasks in industrial settings. To obtain a reliable risk assessment, the motion capture system used has to accurately measure body postures adopted by the worker during the task. This study evaluates the accuracy to measure joint angles of upper extremities of two different motion capture systems, namely the Microsoft Kinect V2 and the Captiv system, for angles of upper extremities. For this purpose, an experimental study was conducted involving 12 subjects performing preset static postures and basic movements, including elbow flexion, shoulder flexion, and shoulder abduction. In addition, to examine whether self‐occlusion or occlusion of body parts by work equipment has an impact on the accuracy of the Kinect V2, the subjects handled boxes during some of the tests. As a gold standard, a goniometer for static and an angle scale for dynamic exercises was used. The Captiv system shows high correlation coefficients (r > .93) and small mean absolute errors (<5°) for all movements except for elbow flexion. The Kinect V2 has sufficient results for joint angles captured without occlusion as well, but the accuracy significantly decreases when occlusion occurs.
A generalized perspective of magnetized radiative squeezed flow of viscous fluid between two parallel disks with suction and blowing
Authors: Basha Hussain 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this research article, the electrically conducting magnetized radiative squeezed flow of two‐dimensional time‐dependent viscous incompressible flow between two parallel disks with heat source/sink and Joule heating effects under the presence of an unsteady homogeneous first order chemical reaction is demonstrated numerically. The considered physical problem is studied under the influence of Lorentz forces to describe the effect of an applied magnetic field. Heat dissipation due to viscosity and Joule heating are considered in the energy equation to demonstrate the behavior of the thermal profile. Also, the thermodynamic behavior of temperature field is described by considering the concept of heat source/sink in the energy equation. The mass transport characteristics of a viscous fluid are described through the time‐dependent chemical reaction of first order type with homogenous behavior. Thus, the considered physical problem gives the time‐dependent, highly nonlinear coupled partial differential equations, which are reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations by invoking the suitable similarity transformations. The discretized first order ordinary differential equations are solved by using the Runge‐Kutta fourth order integration scheme with the shooting technique (RK‐SM) and bvp4c Matlab function. Flow sensitivity of various emerging control parameters are described with the help of tables and graphs. The axial velocity field enhanced for the suction case and suppressed for the blowing case for the increasing values of suction/injection parameter. Also, an excellent comparison between the present solutions and previously published results shows the accuracy and validity of the present similarity solutions and used numerical methods.
Impact of flooded rice paddy on remotely sensed evapotranspiration in the Krishna River basin, India
Authors: Teluguntla Pardhasaradhi , Ryu Dongryeol , George Biju , Walker Jeffrey P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEvapotranspiration (ET) is one of the major water exchange processes between the earth's surface and the atmosphere. ET is a combined process of evaporation from open water bodies, bare soil and plant surfaces, and transpiration from vegetation. Remote sensing‐based ET models have been developed to estimate spatially distributed ET over large regions, however, many of them reportedly underestimate ET over semi‐arid regions (Jamshidi et al., Journal of Hydrometeorology, 2019, 20, 947–964). In this work, we show that underestimation of ET can occur due to the open water evaporation from flooded rice paddies ignored in the existing ET models. To address the gap in ET estimation, we have developed a novel approach that accounts for the missing ET component over flooded rice paddies. Our method improved ET estimates by a modified Penman‐Monteith algorithm that considered the fraction of open water evaporation from flooded rice paddies. Daily ET was calculated using ground based meteorological data and the MODIS satellite data over the Krishna River Basin. Seasonal and annual ET values over the Krishna Basin were compared with two different ET algorithms. ET estimates from these two models were also compared for different crop combinations. Results were validated with flux tower‐based measurements from other studies. We have identified a 17 mm/year difference in average annual ET over the Krishna River Basin with this new ET algorithm. This is very critical in basin scale water balance analysis and water productivity studies.
Deep learning a boon for biophotonics?
Authors: Pradhan Pranita , Guo Shuxia , Ryabchykov Oleg , Popp Juergen , Bocklitz Thomas W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis review covers original articles using deep learning in the biophotonic field published in the last years. In these years deep learning, which is a subset of machine learning mostly based on artificial neural network geometries, was applied to a number of biophotonic tasks and has achieved state‐of‐the‐art performances. Therefore, deep learning in the biophotonic field is rapidly growing and it will be utilized in the next years to obtain real‐time biophotonic decision‐making systems and to analyze biophotonic data in general. In this contribution, we discuss the possibilities of deep learning in the biophotonic field including image classification, segmentation, registration, pseudostaining and resolution enhancement. Additionally, we discuss the potential use of deep learning for spectroscopic data including spectral data preprocessing and spectral classification. We conclude this review by addressing the potential applications and challenges of using deep learning for biophotonic data.
Self‐assembling of Shewanella@rGO@Pd bionanohybrid for synergistic bio‐abiotic removal of Cr(VI)
Authors: Chen Yu‐Xuan , Liu Xiang , Fang Zhen , Zhang Chun‐Lian , Abbas Syed Zaghum , Yu Yang‐Yang , Yong Yang‐Chun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDBacterial cells can biosynthesize palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) and utilize those in situ assembled nanoparticles for synergistic bio‐abiotic catalysis, which is promising for pollutant remediation. However, such synergistic catalysis is restricted due to the low cell viability and inefficient palladium immobilization.RESULTSIn this study, conductive and two‐dimensional reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was explored for nanocoating of Shewanella oneidensis cells and the construction of a self‐assembled Shewanella@rGO bionanohybrid. Impressively, after in situ biosynthesis of Pd NPs on the Shewanella@rGO bionanohybrid, a Shewanella@rGO@Pd bionanohybrid was assembled, which showed about 10 times higher cell viability and 2.4 times more immobilized palladium content than the bionanohybrid without rGO. More importantly, the improved cell viability and enhanced Pd immobilization synergistically promoted Cr(VI) removal using the Shewanella@rGO@Pd bionanohybrid, which was 10 times that of native cells and five times that of the bionanohybrid without rGO.CONCLUSIONSThis work provides a promising strategy for biosynthesis and in situ assembly of Pd NPs with living bacterial cells, which is promising for synergistic bio‐abiotic removal of Cr(VI) and should extend the application of Pd NPs in pollutant remediation. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry