bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting development of ipilimumab-induced hypophysitis: utility of T4 and TSH index but not TSH
Authors: Siddiqui M. S. , Lai Z. M. , Spain L. , Greener V. , Turajlic S. , Larkin J. , Morganstein D. L. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Ipilimumab, a monoclonal antibody inhibiting CLTA-4, is an established treatment in metastatic melanoma, either alone or in combination with nivolumab, and results in immune mediated adverse events, including endocrinopathy. Hypophysitis is one of the most common endocrine abnormalities. An early recognition of hypophysitis may prevent life threatening consequences of hypopituitarism; therefore, biomarkers to predict which patients will develop hypophysitis would have clinical utility. Recent studies suggested that a decline in TSH may serve as an early marker of IH. This study was aimed at assessing the utility of thyroid function tests in predicting development of hypophysitis.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed for all patients (n = 308) treated with ipilimumab either as a monotherapy or in combination with nivolumab for advanced melanoma at the Royal Marsden Hospital from 2010 to 2016. Thyroid function tests, other pituitary function tests and Pituitary MRIs were used to identify those with hypophysitis.

Results and conclusions
Ipilimumab-induced hypophysitis (IH) was diagnosed in 25 patients (8.15%). A decline in TSH was observed in hypophysitis cohort during the first three cycles but it did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.053). A significant fall in FT4 (P < 0.001), TSH index (P < 0.001) and standardised TSH index (P < 0.001) prior to cycles 3 and 4 in hypophysitis cohort was observed. TSH is not useful in predicting development of IH. FT4, TSH index and standardised TSH index may be valuable but a high index of clinical suspicion remains paramount in early detection of hypophysitis.
Uncovering the social interaction network in swarm intelligence algorithms
Authors: Oliveira Marcos , Pinheiro Diego , Macedo Mariana , Bastos-Filho Carmelo , Menezes Ronaldo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSwarm intelligence is the collective behavior emerging in systems with locally interacting components. Because of their self-organization capabilities, swarm-based systems show essential properties for handling real-world problems, such as robustness, scalability, and flexibility. Yet, we fail to understand why swarm-based algorithms work well, and neither can we compare the various approaches in the literature. The absence of a common framework capable of characterizing these several swarm-based algorithms, transcending their particularities, has led to a stream of publications inspired by different aspects of nature without a systematic comparison over existing approaches. Here we address this gap by introducing a network-based framework—the swarm interaction network—to examine computational swarm-based systems via the optics of the social dynamics. We investigate the structure of social interaction in four swarm-based algorithms, showing that our approach enables researchers to study distinct algorithms from a common viewpoint. We also provide an in-depth case study of the Particle Swarm Optimization, revealing that different communication schemes tune the social interaction in the swarm, controlling the swarm search mode. With the swarm interaction network, researchers can study swarm algorithms as systems, removing the algorithm particularities from the analyses while focusing on the structure of the swarm social interaction.
Revisiting the Self-compassion Scale-Short Form: Stronger Associations with Self-inadequacy and Resilience
Authors: Kotera Yasuhiro , Sheffield David 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Self-compassion Scale-Short Form (SCS-SF) was developed as an economical alternative for the Self-compassion Scale (SCS), one of the few scales to assess self-compassion. Despite the active use of the SCS-SF, a psychometric evaluation of this scale remains limited. This study analysed the factor structure, reliability, and construct validity of the SCS-SF in UK university student populations. Of 365 students approached, 333 completed the SCS-SF and other measures including negative psychological constructs (mental health problems, self-criticism, and mental health shame) and positive psychological constructs (self-reassurance, resilience, and well-being). Data were analysed through confirmatory factor analyses and correlations. CFA revealed that the six-factor structure, reported in the validation paper, was not replicated. The positive factor, consisting of the three positive subscales, was not strongly related to any variable but moderately related to reassured-self, resilience, well-being, and inadequate-self. The negative factor, consisting of the three negative subscales, was strongly related to inadequate-self and moderately related to resilience, reassured-self, stress, well-being, depression, and internal shame. Coefficients in the negative factor were in general larger than those in the positive factor. The total SCS-SF score was most strongly related to inadequate-self, followed by resilience. Inter-correlations of the six subscales did follow neither Neff’s [1] theoretical model of self-compassion nor the full-scale factor solution. Findings do not accord with the common use of the global SCS-SF score as an assessment of six factors of self-compassion and suggest a two-factor solution assessing self-criticism and self-compassion.
Effects of Off‐Fault Inelasticity on Near‐Fault Directivity Pulses
Authors: Wang Yongfei , Day Steven M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractNear‐fault motion is often dominated by long‐period, pulse‐like particle velocities with fault‐normal polarization that, when enhanced by directivity, may strongly excite middle‐ to high‐rise structures. We assess the extent to which plastic yielding may affect amplitude, frequency content, and distance scaling of near‐fault directivity pulses. Dynamic simulations of 3‐D strike‐slip ruptures reveal significant plasticity effects, and these persist when geometrical fault roughness is added. With and without off‐fault yielding, these models (~M7) predict fault‐normal pulse behavior similar to that of observed pulses (periods of 2–5 s, amplitudes increasing with rupture distance until approaching a limit), but yielding systematically reduces pulse amplitude and increases the dominant period. Yielding causes near‐fault (< ~2 km) peak ground velocity (PGV) to saturate with respect to increases in both stress drop and epicentral distance, and, in that distance range, yielding may contribute significantly to the observed magnitude saturation of PGV. The results support the following elements for functional forms in empirical pulse models: (i) a fault‐normal distance saturation factor, (ii) a period‐dependent and along‐strike distance‐dependent factor representing directivity, and (iii) an along‐strike saturation factor to truncate growth of the directivity factor. In addition to the foregoing effects on long‐period fault‐normal pulses, the model with off‐fault plasticity is very efficient in suppressing the high‐frequency fault‐parallel acceleration pulses that otherwise develop when rupture breaks free surface. This effect is likely to inhibit the initiation of a sustained supershear rupture triggered by a strong free surface breakage.
Numerical Simulation of Oscillating Pore Pressure Experiments and Inversion for Permeability
Authors: Hasanov Azar K. , Dugan Brandon , Batzle Michael L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAccurate knowledge of permeability is crucial for successful management of groundwater, petroleum resources, and subsurface contaminant remediation. The oscillating pore pressure method is a popular laboratory technique for permeability measurements of porous rock samples. We develop a novel data processing approach that utilizes a broad, multifrequency range of data and inverts it for permeability. We reprocess published data and demonstrate that our methodology outperforms traditional data reduction techniques, as our inversion results show a better fit to pressure trends. To better understand the effect of frequency on phase and amplitude data and to verify our inversion approach, we numerically simulate oscillating pore pressure experiments for four rock samples. We document a strong deviation of experimentally obtained phase data starting at 0.3 Hz oscillation frequency. A possible explanation for this deviation is poroelastic coupling during pressure diffusion. Our method can be used for robust determination of permeability and rapid prediction of experimental results using numerical simulation, ultimately improving the analysis of experimental permeability measurements.
Method of Distributions for Quantification of Geologic Uncertainty in Flow Simulations
Authors: Yang Hyung Jun , Boso Francesca , Tchelepi Hamdi A. , Tartakovsky Daniel M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractProbabilistic models of subsurface flow and transport are required for risk assessment and reliable decision making under uncertainty. These applications require accurate estimates of confidence intervals, which generally cannot be ascertained with statistical moments such as mean (unbiased estimate) and variance (a measure of uncertainty) of a quantity of interest (QoI). The method of distributions provides this information by computing either the probability density function or the cumulative distribution function (CDF‐) of the QoI. The standard method can be orders of magnitude faster than Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) but is applicable to stationary, mildly to moderately heterogeneous porous media in which the coefficient of variation of input parameters (e.g., log‐conductivity) is below four. Our CDF‐random domain decomposition (RDD) framework alleviates these limitations by combining the method of distributions and RDD; it also accounts for uncertainty in the geologic makeup of a subsurface environment. For a given realization of the geological map, we derive a deterministic equation for the conditional CDF of hydraulic head of steady single‐phase flow. The solutions of this equation are then averaged over realizations of the geological map‐ to compute the hydraulic head CDF. Our numerical experiments reveal that the CDF‐RDD method remains accurate for two‐dimensional flow in a porous medium composed of two heterogeneous hydrofacies, a setting in which the original CDF method fails. For the same accuracy, the CDF‐RDD method is an order of magnitude faster than MCS.
Genetic stratification of depression in UK Biobank
Authors: Howard David M. , Folkersen Lasse , Coleman Jonathan R. I. , Adams Mark J. , Glanville Kylie , Werge Thomas , Hagenaars Saskia P. , Han Buhm , Porteous David , Campbell Archie , Clarke Toni-Kim , Breen Gerome , Sullivan Patrick F. , Wray Naomi R. , Lewis Cathryn M. , McIntosh Andrew M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDepression is a common and clinically heterogeneous mental health disorder that is frequently comorbid with other diseases and conditions. Stratification of depression may align sub-diagnoses more closely with their underling aetiology and provide more tractable targets for research and effective treatment. In the current study, we investigated whether genetic data could be used to identify subgroups within people with depression using the UK Biobank. Examination of cross-locus correlations were used to test for evidence of subgroups using genetic data from seven other complex traits and disorders that were genetically correlated with depression and had sufficient power (>0.6) for detection. We found no evidence for subgroups within depression for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, anorexia nervosa, inflammatory bowel disease or obesity. This suggests that for these traits, genetic correlations with depression were driven by pleiotropic genetic variants carried by everyone rather than by a specific subgroup.
CD133 inhibition via autophagic degradation in pemetrexed-resistant lung cancer cells by GMI, a fungal immunomodulatory protein from Ganoderma microsporum
Authors: Hsin I-Lun , Chiu Ling-Yen , Ou Chu-Chyn , Wu Wen-Jun , Sheu Gwo-Tarng , Ko Jiunn-Liang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAdaptive drug resistance is an unfavourable prognostic factor in cancer therapy. Pemetrexed-resistant lung cancer cells possess high-metastatic ability via ERK–ZEB1 pathway-activated epithelial–mesenchymal transition. GMI is a fungal immunomodulatory protein that suppresses the survival of several cancer cells.MethodsCell viability was analysed by MTT, clonogenic, tumour spheroid, and cancer stem cell sphere assays. Western blot assay was performed to detect the protein expression. Chemical inhibitors and ATG5 shRNA were used to inhibit autophagy. Tumour growth was investigated using xenograft mouse model.ResultsGMI decreased the viability with short- and long-term effects and induced autophagy but not apoptosis in A549/A400 cells. GMI downregulated the expression levels of CD133, CD44, NANOG and OCT4. GMI induces the protein degradation of CD133 via autophagy. CD133 silencing decreased the survival and proliferation of A549/A400 cells. GMI suppressed the growth and CD133 expression of A549/A400 xenograft tumour.ConclusionsThis study is the first to reveal the novel function of GMI in eliciting cytotoxic effect and inhibiting CD133 expression in pemetrexed-resistant lung cancer cells via autophagy. Our finding provides evidence that CD133 is a potential target for cancer therapy.
Survival and Marginal Bone Loss of Dental Implants Supporting Cad-Cam Angled Channel Restorations: A Split-Mouth Retrospective Study
Authors: Anitua Eduardo , Fernández-de-Retana Sofía , Alkhraisat Mohammad Hamdan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to determine whether the screw emergence angulation correction by computer-aided design (CAD)-computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) can influence implant survival and marginal bone stability.
Materials and Methods This was a controlled split-mouth retrospective study of angled channel restorations. The dental implants supporting the prosthesis were divided into the following two groups: the first group (Group 1) included the implants that required screw channel angulation, while the second group (Group 2) included the implants that did not require this correction to screw the prosthesis to the implant. The main outcome variables were implant survival and marginal bone loss (MBL).
Results A total of 68 dental implants placed in 22 patients were included in the final cohort. The mean follow-up time was 39.65 ± 15.20 months. None of the studied implants failed during the follow-up period and the mean MBL was − 0.29 ± 0.51 mm at the end of the follow-up. No statistical differences in the MBL were observed between the two groups of the study (-0.18 ± 0.51 and − 0.23 ± 0.58 mm, respectively).
Conclusion The angulation of the screw channel with CAD-CAM technology resulted in good clinical outcomes and did not affect MBL. Thus, the angulated screw channel might be considered an alternative to face undesired screw emergencies. Future prospective clinical studies should confirm these results.
3D Analysis of Facial Morphology of a Colombian Population Compared to Adult Caucasians
Authors: Bravo-Hammett Sonia , Nucci Ludovica , Christou Teti , Aristizabal Juan Fernando , Kau Chung How 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study involves describing the facial morphology of a Colombian population with three-dimensional (3D) imaging, and comparing their facial morphology with the Caucasian to create a database for this ethnicity.
Materials and Methods: The study, which included 135 subjects selected from the Valle University in Cali, Colombia, and 535 Caucasian subjects selected from the FaceBase–Data (1U01DE024449–01), was funded by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. All images were taken in the natural head position (NHP) and captured using a stereo-photogrammetric camera system (3dMDface) to obtain a 3D image of each patient. The subjects were between 19 to 31 years of age, with a normal body mass index (BMI), and no craniofacial deformities. All images were plotted and analyzed using the 3dMDVultus software to calculate linear and angular measurements. Standard deviation (SD) and means were calculated for each measurement and analyzed using t-test for different samples.
Results: The Hispanic population had wider eyes, more protruded upper and lower lips, wider face, and greater mandibular width. Caucasian females had a more acute full profile, larger middle third, and less protrusive lips. Understanding the facial morphology of different populations would help to establish a better diagnosis and treatment planning for each ethnicity.
Conclusions: From this study, the following conclusions may be drawn:1. The mean values of Colombian males showed greater measurements than females in the majority of measurements.2. Caucasian females had a more acute full profile, larger middle and lower third, and less protrusive lips.3. This study showed significant ethnic differences in the linear and angular measurements, showing us the importance of considering these findings in the diagnosis and treatment planning when a Hispanic population is involved. Soft tissue values should reflect the norms according to each ethnic population in order to achieve treatment goals.
The Impact of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Serum C-Reactive Protein Levels, Osteoprotegerin Expression, and Osteoclast Numbers in Induced-Periodontitis Diabetic Rats
Authors: Mulawarmanti Dian , Parisihni Kristanti , Widyastuti Widyastuti 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to examine the impact of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, osteoclast numbers, and osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression in periodontitis-induced diabetic rats
Materials and Methods This study constituted an in vivo laboratory-based experiment incorporating a posttest only control group design. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of research subjects: a healthy group (K0), periodontitis-induced diabetic group (K1), and periodontitis-induced diabetic group treated with HBOT for 7 days (K2). After treatment, the subjects were sacrificed to determine the level of serum CRP by the ELISA method. Immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to check the level of OPG expression, while a histological analysis was undertaken to quantify the number of osteoclasts.
Statistical Analysis The data was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA and Least Significant Difference (LSD) test on which a result of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results HBOT appreciably decreased serum CRP levels, significantly enhancing OPG expression in periodontitis-induced diabetic (p < 0.05) and decreasing the number of osteoclasts in -periodontitis-induced diabetic (p > 0.05).
Conclusion HBOT reduced the serum CRP level, increased OPG expression, and decreased osteoclast numbers in periodontitis-induced diabetic rats.
Effect ofkojistarter on metabolites in Japanese alcoholic beverage sake made from the sake riceKoshitanrei
Authors: Ichikawa Eri , Hirata Shougo , Hata Yuko , Yazawa Hisashi , Tamura Hiroyasu , Kaneoke Mitsuoki , Iwashita Kazuhiro , Hirata Dai 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn sake brewing, the steamed rice is used in 2 ways, added to sake-mash and making rice-koji. Rice-koji is made from the steamed rice by using koji starter, and its quality is an important determinant of the aroma/taste of sake. The sake rice Koshitanrei (KOS) was developed in Niigata Prefecture by crossing 2 sake rice varieties, Gohyakumangoku and Yamadanishiki. Recently, we reported the characteristic components/metabolites in sake made from KOS by conducting metabolome analysis using UPLC-QTOF-MS. In this study, to investigate the effect of koji starter and sake rice cultivars on the sake metabolites, we performed small-scale sake-making tests using the above 3 rice cultivars and 3 koji starters. Finally, we demonstrated that some of the characteristic components/metabolites of sake from KOS are affected by the koji starter. Thus, in addition to rice cultivar, koji starter plays an important role for establishment/maintenance of the quality of the final product.
Anti-inflammatory action of herbal medicine comprised ofScutellaria baicalensisandChrysanthemum morifolium
Authors: Suh Min Geun , Choi Hyeon-Son , Cho Kyoungwon , Park Sung Sun , Kim Woo Jung , Suh Hyung Joo , Kim Hoon 
Published: May 2020

AbstractVarious mixtures were prepared depending on the mixing ratio of Scutellaria baicalensis hot water extract (SB-HW), and Chrysanthemum morifolium ethanol extract (CM-E) and their anti-inflammatory activity were compared. Among them, SB-HW (80 μg/mL)/CM-E (120 μg/mL) or SB-HW (40 μg/mL)/CM-E (160 μg/mL) significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated NO and IL-6 levels in RAW 264.7 cells. The SB-HW (80 μg/mL)/CM-E (120 μg/mL) mixture, which was determined as active mixture, significantly reduced MUC5AC secretion in PMA and LPS-induced NCI-H292 cells. The active mixture also reduced the production of PGE2 and IL-8 in PMA-induced A549 cells. LC-MS/MS analysis showed that the active mixture was composed of high contents of flavone glycosides, such as baicalin and cynaroside. Western blot analysis indicated that the active mixture suppressed phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38, associating with the inhibition of MAPK signaling. Taken together, our results suggest that the active mixture could be applied as a new anti-inflammatory herbal medicine.AbbreviationsJNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinases; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CM: Chrysanthemum morifolium; COX-2: cyclooxygenase-2; ERK: extracellular-signal-regulated kinase; IL-6: interleukin-6; IL-8: interleukin-8; IL-12: interleukin-12; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; NO: nitric oxide; NK- κB: nuclear factor kappa B; p38: p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases; PBS: phosphate buffered saline; PMA: phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate; SB: Scutellaria baicalensis; PGE2: prostaglandin E2; TBST: Tris-buffered saline containing 0.1% Tween 20; TIC: total ion chromatogram; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Influence of freeze-drying and spray-drying preservation methods on survivability rate of different types of protectants encapsulated Lactobacillus acidophilus FTDC 3081
Authors: Tang Hock Wei , Abbasiliasi Sahar , Murugan Paramasivam , Tam Yew Joon , Ng Hui Suan , Tan Joo Shun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aims of this study were to compare the effectiveness of different drying methods and to investigate the effects of adding a series of individual protectant such as skim milk, sucrose, maltodextrin, and corn starch for preserving Lactobacillus acidophilus FTDC 3081 cells during spray and freeze-drying and storage at different temperatures. Results showed a remarkable high survival rate of 70–80% immediately after spray- and freeze-drying in which the cell viability retained at the range of 109 to 1010 CFU/mL. After a month of storage, maltodextrin showed higher protective ability on both spray- and freeze-dried cells as compared to other protective agents at 4°C, 25°C, and 40°C. A complete loss in viability of spray-dried L. acidophilus FTDC 3081 was observed after a month at 40°C in the absence of protective agent.