bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does High Protein Intake Cause Glomerular Injury in Very Preterm Neonates?
Authors: Puspitasari Henny , Trihono Partini , Wahidiyat Pustika 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Very preterm birth rate was 10.8% of all preterm in Asia. Early aggressive nutritional strategies in very preterm neonates is important for catching up growth; however, preterm kidneys have fewer, immature functional nephrons. Studies have showed that high protein intake induces nephron hypertrophy, proteinuria, and glomerular sclerosis through single nephron glomerular hyperfiltration (SNGHF), which leads to glomerulotubular injury. Aim: to analyse the correlation between protein intake and glomerulotubular injury in very preterm neonates. Method: A prospective cohort study was conducted in neonatal units of two hospitals in Jakarta. Urine samples were taken three times at post-natal ages 0-48 hours (T1), 72 hours (T2), and 21 days (T3) for determining the urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin to creatinine (uNGAL/Cr) ratio. Protein intake were given in accordance with local guideline while considering the clinical condition of participants. Protein levels from formula milk were recorded daily from 14-21 days of age, while breastmilk protein was measured twice by using a human milk analyser. Urinary NGAL (uNGAL) was tested with an ELISA. Glomerulotubular injury was defined as a uNGAL/Cr ratio ≥1 SD (22.74 ng/mg) at post-natal age 21 days. High protein intake was defined as average protein intake ≥ 3 g/kg/day.Results: Fifty-nine very preterm neonates were recruited, of which 39 completed the study. Glomerulotubular injury was found in 9 of 39 participants (23%). The proportion of glomerulotubular injury in very preterm neonates who had received high protein intake vs low protein intake was 5 of 29 vs 4 of 10 participants, respectively. The median of uNGAL/Cr ratio was not significantly different in the high vs low protein intake group (3.54 (range: 0.69-89.16) ng/mg vs (6.88 (range: 0.32-66.64)) ng/mg, respectively. The uNGAL/C ratio was not correlated with protein intake. However, it was inversely correlated with gestational age and birth weight.Conclusions: The proportion of glomerulotubular injury in very preterm neonates given high protein diet was 5 of 29. The uNGAL/Cr ratio was increased at the post-natal age of 72 hours and decreased in 21 days in both high and low protein intake groups. High protein intake was not correlated with glomerulotubular injury.
Costal Cartilages Overgrowth Doesn’t Induce the Deformation of the Chest Wall in Experimental Animals
Authors: David Vlad , Stanciulescu Maria , Horhat Florin , Abhinav Sharma , Kundnani Nilima , Ciornei Bogdan , Popoiu Marius , Boia Eugen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Many consider overgrowth of the costal cartilages to be the etiological factor for chest wall deformities in children. The aim of this study is to investigate if induced overgrowth of the costal cartilages leads to the deformation of the chest wall in an animal model. Material and Methods: We injected insulin growth factor 1 (IGF1) solution directly under the perichondrium of the last three costal cartilages of rat pups. We used two different concentrations: 50 μg/ml (E50) and 100 μg/ml (E100). The procedure was repeated once per week for five consecutive weeks. Seven days from the last administration of injections, the animals were euthanized. We assessed the shape and measured the diameters of the thoracic cage. The last three costal cartilages were dissected; the samples were prepared and examined in light microscopy. Results: In E100 the sagittal and coronal diameters of the rib cage were larger than E50 and control groups but without any deformation of the chest wall. The microscopic examinations revealed an anabolic pattern in E100.Conclusion: Locally administered IGF1 stimulates, in a dose dependent manner, in-vivo cellular growth and multiplication in the costal cartilages. The induced overgrowth of the costal cartilages however, didn’t result in the deformation of the chest wall.
The Mechanism of Aloe-emodin in the Treatment of Colon Cancer based on Network Pharmacological Analysis
Authors: Jiang Dongxiao , Ding Shufei , Mao Zhujun , You Liyan , ruan yeping 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Colon cancer is a malignant gastrointestinal tumor with a high incidence, high mortality and high metastasis in the world. Aloe-emodin is a monomer compound derived from hydroxyanthraquinone. It makes a wide range of anti-tumor effects and exists in Rhubarb, Aloe, and other plants. However, the mechanism of aloe-emodin against colon cancer still not clear. Here, we predict the potential targets and mechanisms of aloe-emodin based on network pharmacology analysis. Methods: First, determine the intersection target of aloe-emodin and colon cancer, analyze and construct PPI, Gene Ontology, and KEGG pathway analysis. In addition, we selected apoptosis pathways for experimental verification including cell viability determination, cell proliferation, caspase-3 activity determination, DAPI staining, cell cycle determination and western blot to evaluate the apoptosis effect of aloe-emodin on colon cancer cells.Results: The MTT assay and cell colony experiment showed that AE inhibited cell proliferation (P<0.01). DAPI staining confirmed that AE induced apoptosis. AE activates caspase-3, caspase-9 and Bax and down-regulates the expression of Bcl-2. Furthermore, the expression level of cytochrome C protein increased in a time-dependent manner in the cytoplasm but fell in a time-dependent manner in the mitochondria.Conclusion: These results indicate that aloe-emodin may induce apoptosis of human colon cancer cells through mitochondrial related pathways.
LncRNA HOXA-AS3 Promotes Gastric Cancer Progression by Regulating miR-29a-3p/LTβR and Activating NF-κB Signaling
Authors: Qu Feng , Zhu Bin , Hu Yi-Lin , Mao Qin-Sheng , Feng Ying 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most common and deadliest cancers globally. While many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of GC pathogenesis, the role of HOXA-AS3 in this oncogenic context remains to be defined. Methods: Levels of HOXA-AS3 expression in GC were quantified, after which the functional role of this lncRNA in vitro and in vivo was assessed via HOXA-AS3 knockdown. The localization of HOXA-AS3 within cells was also confirmed, and predicted microRNA (miRNA) targets of this lncRNA and its ability to modulate downstream NF-κB signaling in GC cells were evaluated.Results: GC cells and tissues exhibited significant HOXA-AS3 upregulation (P<0.05), and the levels of this lncRNA were found to be correlated with tumor size, lymph node status, invasion depth, and Helicobacter pylori infection status. Knocking down HOXA-AS3 disrupted GC cell migration, proliferation, and invasion in vitro and tumor metastasis in vivo. At a mechanistic level, we found that HOXA-AS3 was able to sequester miR-29a-3p, thereby regulating the expression of LTβR and modulating NF-κB signaling in GC. Conclusion: HOXA-AS3/miR-29a-3p/LTβR/NF-κB regulatory axis contributes to the progression of GC, thereby offering novel target for the prognosis and treatment of GC.
SPIB Acts as a Tumor Suppressor by Activating NFkB and JNK Signaling Pathways Through MAP4K1 in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhao Xunping , Li Lin , Yuan Shiyun , Zhang Qia , Jiang Xianyao , Luo Tao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major cancers in the world. Spi-B Transcription Factor (SPIB) is one member of the E-twenty-six (ETS) transcription factor family. Previous studies have shown that the expression of SPIB is down-regulated in human colorectal cancer tissues. However, its biological function in colorectal cancer cells is not reported. The purpose of our study is to explore the biological function and related mechanism of SPIB in colorectal cancer cells, to provide reference for the molecular detection and targeted drug therapy of colorectal cancer.MethodsThe biological function of SPIB in colorectal cancer cells were studied by colony formation assay, CCK-8 cell proliferation assay, transwell assay, tube formation assay, flow cytometry analysis. Growth inhibition assay was used to measure the impact of SPIB on oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Double luciferase reporter assay and western blot were used to detect mechanism of SPIB in colorectal cancer cells. ResultsSPIB mRNA was down-regulated in CRC cell lines and CRC tissues. SPIB can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells; can inhibit angiogenesis; and induce the cell cycle of CRC cells arrest in G2/M phase and promote the apoptosis of CRC cells. In the growth inhibition assay we found that compared with the control group, the 50% inhibitory concentration(IC50) values of oxaliplatin and 5-FU in the SPIB overexpression group were significantly reduced. Western blot results showed that the overexpression of SPIB up-regulated cleaved-PARP(c-PARP), nuclear factor kB p65 (NFkB p65), phospho-NFkB p65(p-NFkB P65), JNK1, and C-Jun proteins expression level compared with the control group. Double luciferase report experiment showed that SPIB can activate the promoter of MAP4K1 and enhance the expression of MAP4K1. After silencing MAP4K1, the protein expressions of c-PARP, NFkB P65, p-NFkB P65, JNK1, and C-Jun were down-regulated. ConclusionsIn this study, we found that SPIB is a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer cells, SPIB sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin and 5-FU. we also found that MAP4K1 is a target gene of SPIB, SPIB exerts its anti-colorectal cancer effect by activating NFkB and JNK signaling pathways through MAP4K1. The above findings may provide reference for new molecular markers and therapeutic targets for CRC.
Chinese Version of the Illness Cognition Questionnaire-Parent ICQ-P(C): Psychometric Properties of Parents of Chinese Children with Cancer
Authors: han jing , Zhang Li , Gao JiZhao , Yang Feng , Zhang Yao , Tang RuiJin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background：Parental cognition of a child’s illness influences the psychological adjustment of the entire family and the child’s quality of life. This cross-sectional study aimed to translate the Illness Cognition Questionnaire-Parent version (ICQ-P) into Chinese and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods The translation process was complied with international recommendations. Using a convenient sampling method, 334 parents of cancer children completed the 18-item ICQ-P online. The psychometric properties of the scale were evaluated using Principle Component Analysis (PCA) with Promax with Kaiser Normalization. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to confirm the factor structure using Chi-squared/Degrees of freedom (χ2/df), Goodness-of-Fit Index (GFI), incremental fit index (IFI); Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA). Cronbach’s α was calculated for the final scale version, revealing adequate internal consistency.Results: Using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), we found that the Chinese version of the ICQ-P (ICQ-P[C]) had 18-item, three-factor structure (six items each, factor loadings >0.5) which explained 56.39% of total variance. Based on the structure matrix, three factors were labeled “Helplessness,” “Acceptance,” and “Perceived benefits.” After addressing some errors in covariances, χ2/df =1.890 CFI=0.931, IFI=0.933, GFI=0.884, RMSEA=0.060. The standardized coefficients of factors 1, 2, and 3, ranged from 0.50 to 0.84, (p<0.001). The final scale showed moderate-to-high reliability scores (Factor 1 α=0.819; Factor 2 α=0.835; Factor 3 α=0.802; Overall α=0.868).Conclusions: The ICQ-P is a reliable tool to measure parental cognition of a child’s illness, especially cancer. It may help medical staff to identify parents with difficulty understanding these illnesses.
Difficult Tracheal Intubation is More Common among Hazara Tribe and Females in Afghanistan
Authors: Oria Mohammad Sharif , Asady Abdullah , Halimi Sultan Ahmad , Negin Fahima , Shah Jaffer , Mousavi Sayed Hamid 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Airway management is a considerable challenge for anesthesiologists. The diagnostic value of the screening tests differs in various studies. This is due to the variety in the incidence of intubation, insufficient statistical power, and different test inception. To have a safe intubation, it is essential to perform a precise preoperative airway assessment. However, there is still an argument about which tests and anatomical landmarks would be the best predictors.Objective: This study is aimed to determine the best predictors and socio-demographic characteristics of difficult intubation among adult patients scheduled for elective surgeries under general anesthesia in Aliabad Teaching Hospital, Kabul, Afghanistan. Method: A total of 341 patients were selected based on consecutive sampling method. Informed consent forms were obtained before inclusion in the study. Data were collected using a data collection form. Age, gender, ASA physical status and tribe were recorded for each participant. Airway assessment test was conducted before operation for additional consideration. Data were initially entered into an excel data sheet, and then exported to SPSS Statistics version 22 for analysis. Results: From a total of 341 patients, 193 (56.6%) were males and 148 (43.4%) were females. The mean age of the subjects was 36.98 ± 15.048 years. More than half (54.5%) of the study population were Tajiks. Hazara tribe, female patients, increasing age and systemic disease patients had more difficult intubation. We recognized that, Mallampati classes, mouth opening, thyromental distance, ability to prognath and neck mobility and size were associated with difficult intubation. Multiple logistic regression analysis of the associated factors determined that increase age, ability to prognath and mouth opening were independent predictors of difficult intubation. Conclusion: Female patients and Hazara tribe were found to have a significant association with difficult intubation on bivariate analysis. Multiple logistic regression analysis determined that increase age, ability to prognath and mouth opening were independent predictors for difficult intubation.
Duration of Colonisation With Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia Coli: Results of an Open Cohort Study With Dutch Nursing Home Residents (2013 – 2019)
Authors: Weterings Veronica , Goede Tineke de , Hendriks Yvonne , Kilsdonk Linda , Mulders Ans , Wier Bregje van de , Kluytmans Jan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Escherichia coli sequence type ST131 is a recently emerged worldwide pandemic clonal group. Antibiotic resistance, virulence factors or colonisation fitness are mentioned among other as possible factors contributing to the worldwide success. In this study, we assessed the duration of rectal ESBL- producing E. coli colonisation in the residents, and compare duration of colonisation for ESBL-ST131 versus ESBL-non-ST131.MethodsRectal or faecal samples were obtained from residents of nursing home A between 2013 and 2019 and nursing home B between 2017 and 2019, with repeated point prevalence surveys at intervals of three to six months. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of E. coli were identified on selective culture and selective enrichment broth, and examined by antimicrobial susceptibility testing. In nursing home A multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and cluster analyse was performed by respectively O25:ST131-specific PCR and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). In nursing home B whole genome sequencing data were used to determine MLST and to perform a cluster analyse. Kaplan Meier survival analysis was performed to calculate the median time of rectal colonisation of ESBL-EC with a Log-Rank analysis to test for differences between ESBL-ST131 and ESBL-non-ST131.ResultsA total of 144 residents were included: 84 residents (58%) with ESBL-ST131 rectal colonisation and 60 residents (42%) with ESBL-non-ST131 rectal colonisation. Survival analysis showed a median colonisation length of 13 months for ESBL-ST131 (95%CI: 7,2 – 18,7) versus 8,3 months (95%CI: 2,8 – 13,8) for ESBL-non-ST131 (p = 0,028). Remarkably, in the subgroup ST131 the median colonisation length was significantly longer in female than in males: 25,7 months versus 8,1 months (p = 0,013).ConclusionHere we found a prolonged colonisation duration of ESBL-ST131 compared to ESBL-non-ST131 in residents of Dutch nursing homes. Prolonged colonisation duration complicates the controlling and ending an ESBL-ST131 outbreak, especially in long stay settings such as nursing homes.
WITHDRAWN: Identification of a Novel MICU1 Nonsense Variant Causes Myopathy with Extrapyramidal Signs in an Iranian Consanguineous Family
Authors: Bitarafan Fatemeh , Khodaeian Mehrnoosh , Sardehaei Elham Amjadi , Darvishi Fatemeh Zahra , Almadani Navid , Nilipour Yalda , Garshasbi Masoud 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Ca2+ as a universal second messenger regulates basic biological functions including cell cycle, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell death. Lack of the protein mitochondrial calcium uptake1 (MICU1) which has been regarded as a gatekeeper of Ca ions, leads to the abnormal mitochondrial Ca2+ handling, excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and increased cell death. Mutations in MICU1 gene (NM_006077.3) causes a very rare neuromuscular disease, Myopathy with extrapyramidal signs (MPXPS), due to primary alterations in mitochondrial calcium signaling which demonstrates the key role of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. To date 6 variants have been reported in MICU1 gene in approximately 21 pedigrees.Case presentation: here we report a 44-year-old Iranian patient presented with learning disability, muscle weakness, easy fatigability, reduced tendon reflexes, ataxia, elevated hepatic transaminase, elevated serum creatine phosphokinase and gait disturbance. We Identified a novel nonsense variant c.385C>T; p.(R129*) in MICU1 gene by whole exome sequencing and segregation analysis.Conclusions: Our finding along with previous studies provides more evidence on the clinical presentation of the disease caused by pathogenic mutations in MICU1. Finding more variants and expanding the spectrum of the disease increases the diagnostic rate of molecular testing in screening of this kind of diseases and in turn improves the quality of counseling for at risk couples and helps them to minimize the risks of having affected children.
In Situ-formed Fibrin Hydrogel Scaffold Loaded With Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes Skin Wound Healing
Authors: Hu Lvzhong , Zhou Jinhua , He Zhisong , Zhang Lin , Du Fangzhou , Nie Mengting , Zhou Yao , Hao Hang , Zhang Lixing , Yu Shuang , Zhang Jinzhong , Chen Youguo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Full-thickness skin wound healing remains a major challenge. Recently, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) have exerted their brilliant potential to promote skin repair in clinical applications. However, low survival rate of hUC-MSCs after transplantation limits their therapeutic efficiency in treating full-thickness skin wound. The fibrin hydrogel is considered an ideal cell transplantation vectors owing to its three-dimensional mesh structure and low cytotoxicity. The objective of this study was to investigate the skin wound healing effect of fibrin hydrogel scaffold loaded with hUC-MSCs.Methods: The cytotoxicity of the fibrin hydrogel was determined via cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. A total of 36 mice aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into four groups: control group (n = 9); hydrogel-alone group (n = 9); hUC-MSC-alone group (n = 9); and hydrogel-hUC-MSC combination group (n = 9). PBS, fibrin hydrogel, hUC-MSCs or fibrin hydrogel loaded with hUC-MSCs were injected into wounds, respectively. The wound of each mice was recorded with a digital camera to calculate the wound healing rate. On days 3, 7 and 14, serial sections of the wound and surrounding tissues were prepared. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunofluorescent staining for green fluorescent protein, keratin 10, and keratin 14 were performed. Meanwhile, the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were detected using RT-PCR. Results: We found that the fibrin hydrogel owned three-dimensional mesh structure and low cytotoxicity, and could prolong the cell survival time around the wound. The combination therapy of hydrogel and hUC-MSCs sped up wound closure. The combination therapy of hydrogel and hUC-MSCs upregulated the relative gene expressions of EGF, TGF-β1, VEGF, and VEGFA, which promoting epithelial regeneration and angiogenesis.Conclusions: The fibrin hydrogel scaffold provides a relatively stable sterile environment for cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration and prolongs cell survival at the wound site. The hydrogel-hUC-MSC combination therapy can promote wound closure, re-epithelialization, and neovascularization. It exhibits a remarkable therapeutic effect than hUC-MSCs or the hydrogel alone.
The Co-Culture of ASCs and EPCs Promotes Wound Healing by Promoting Angiogenesis in Full Thickness Skin Defects
Authors: Lin Shuang , He Xiaoning , He Yuanjia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background The repair of large-scale full-thickness skin defects represents a challenging obstacle in skin tissue engineering. To address the most important problem in skin defect repair, namely insufficient blood supply, this study aimed to find a method that could promote the formation of vascularized skin tissue. Method The phenotypes of ASCs and EPCs were identified respectively, and ASCs/EPCs were co-cultured in vitro to detect the expression of dermal and angiogenic genes. Furthermore, the co-culture system combined with dermal extracellular matrix hydrogel was used to repair the full-scale skin defects in rats.Result The co-culture of ASCs/EPCs could increase skin and angiogenesis-related gene expression in vitro. The results of in vivo animal experiments demonstrated that the ASCs/EPCs group could significantly accelerate the repair of skin defects by promoting the regeneration of vascularized skin.Conclusion It is feasible to replace traditional single seed cells with ASC/EPC co-culture system for vascularized skin regeneration. This system could ultimately enable clinicians to better repair the full-thickness skin defects and avoid donor site morbidity.