bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Preferred Music on Laparoscopic Surgical Performance: A Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Oomens Pim , Fu Victor X. , Kleinrensink Vincent E. E. , Kleinrensink Gert‐Jan , Jeekel Johannes 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionMusic can have a positive effect on stress and general task performance. This randomized crossover study assessed the effects of preferred music on laparoscopic surgical performance in a simulated setting.MethodsSixty medical students, inexperienced in laparoscopy, were included between June 2018 and November 2018. A randomized, 4‐period, 4‐sequence, 2‐treatment crossover study design was used, with each participant acting as its own control. Participants performed four periods, consisting of five peg transfer tasks each period, on a laparoscopic box trainer: two periods while wearing active noise‐cancelling headphones and two periods during music exposure. Participants were randomly allocated to a sequence determining the order of the four periods. The parameters time to task completion, path length and normalized jerk were assessed. Mental workload was assessed using the Surgical Task Load Index questionnaire. Also, heart rate and blood pressure were assessed.ResultsParticipants performed the peg transfer task significantly faster [median difference: − 0.81 s (interquartile range, − 3.44–0.69) p = 0.037] and handled their instruments significantly more efficient as path length was reduced [median difference, − 52.24 mm (interquartile range, − 196.97–89.81) p = 0.019] when exposed to music. Also, mental workload was significantly reduced during music [median difference, − 2.41 (interquartile range, − 7.17–1.83) p = 0.021)]. No statistically significant effect was observed on heart rate and blood pressure.ConclusionListening to preferred music improves laparoscopic surgical performance and reduces mental workload in a simulated setting.Trial registrationTrial registration number: NCT04111679.
Impact of spacing and pruning on quantity, quality and economics of Douglas-fir sawn timber: scenario and sensitivity analysis
Authors: Rais Andreas , Poschenrieder Werner , van de Kuilen Jan-Willem G. , Pretzsch Hans 
Published: April 2020

AbstractControlling the long-term effect of management on the quantity and properties of individual boards is a fundamental challenge for silviculture. Within this basic study on Douglas-fir, we have investigated the sensitivity of the net present value (NPV) to three most common planting densities and a prominent pruning strategy. We therefore have applied an individual tree growth model, which represents intrinsic stem structure as a result of crown competition. The model extrapolated board strength development to the rotational age of 70 years, starting from real and comprehensive data recorded from experimental Douglas-fir plots at the age of 20 years. Total volume production increased from about 1600 m3 ha−1 for 1000 and 2000 trees ha−1 to 1800 m3 ha−1 for 4000 trees ha−1. The economic superiority of the lowest density stands increased considering the NPV at inflation-adjusted interest rates of 0%, 2% and 4%: Given an interest rate of 2% and no pruning, the NPV at 2000 was at about 50% of the one at 1000 trees ha−1. The NPV at 4000 trees ha−1 was even negative. Generally, artificial pruning was not effective. The revealed financial trade-off between growth and timber quality in young stands underlines the importance of silvicultural guidelines, which quantify the effect of management on yield per strength class and financial outcome.
Oscillatory Behavior in a Model of Non-Markovian Mean Field Interacting Spins
Authors: Dai Pra Paolo , Formentin Marco , Pelino Guglielmo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe analyze a non-Markovian mean field interacting spin system, related to the Curie–Weiss model. We relax the Markovianity assumption by replacing the memoryless distribution of the waiting times of a classical spin-flip dynamics with a distribution with memory. The resulting stochastic evolution for a single particle is a spin-valued renewal process, an example of a two-state semi-Markov process. We associate to the individual dynamics an equivalent Markovian description, which is the subject of our analysis. We study a corresponding interacting particle system, where a mean field interaction-depending on the magnetization of the system-is introduced as a time scaling on the waiting times between two successive particle’s jumps. Via linearization arguments on the Fokker–Planck mean field limit equation, we give evidence of emerging periodic behavior. Specifically, numerical analysis on the discrete spectrum of the linearized operator, characterized by the zeros of an explicit holomorphic function, suggests the presence of a Hopf bifurcation for a critical value of the temperature. The presence of a Hopf bifurcation in the limit equation matches the emergence of a periodic behavior obtained by simulating the N-particle system.
The Responsible Migrant, Reading the Global Compact on Migration
Authors: Oelgemöller Christina , Allinson Kathryn 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn 2016, the international community, in reaction to the growing number of ‘tragedies’ occurring as people attempted to move across borders, met to discuss large movements of refugees and migrants. The outcome of this meeting was an agreement to negotiate two Global Compacts, one on refugees and one on migrants, with the aim of facilitating ‘orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people’. This article explores how responsibility in the Global Compact on Migrant is expressive of a changed way of ‘doing’ migration. The language of ‘responsibility’ raises questions about how the international community views international migration and, by extension, prepares the ground for policy and practice on international migration. Taking a genealogical, jurisprudential approach, we follow the logic which brings migration, development and human rights language together to construct a new subjectivity: that of the ‘responsible’ migrant. The migrant human will be a rights-bearer because they will contribute to development in particular gendered ways. We argue that assuming a narrow understanding of responsibility misses expressive dynamics in the normalizing of international migration within a new framing to inform international law making.
Soluble Klotho: a possible predictor of quality of life in acromegaly patients
Authors: Coopmans Eva C. , El-Sayed Nour , Frystyk Jan , Magnusson Nils E. , Jørgensen Jens O. L. , van der Lely Aart-Jan , Janssen Joop A. M. J. L. , Muhammad Ammar , Neggers Sebastian J. C. M. M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Although quality of life (QoL) is improved in patients with acromegaly after disease control, QoL correlates only weakly with traditional biomarkers. Our objective is to investigate a potential relation between the new serum biomarker soluble Klotho (sKlotho), GH and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels, and QoL.

Methods
In this prospective cohort study, we investigated 54 acromegaly patients biochemically well-controlled on combination treatment with first-generation somatostatin receptor ligands (SRLs) and pegvisomant (PEGV) at baseline and 9 months after switching to pasireotide LAR (PAS-LAR; either as monotherapy, n = 28; or in combination with PEGV, n = 26). QoL was measured by the Patient-Assessed Acromegaly Symptom Questionnaire (PASQ) and Acromegaly Quality of Life (AcroQoL) questionnaire.

Results
Switching to PAS-LAR treatment significantly improved QoL without altering IGF-1 levels. QoL did not correlate with GH or IGF-1 levels, but sKlotho correlated with the observed improvements in QoL by the AcroQoL global (r = −0.35, p = 0.012) and physical subdimension (r = −0.34, p = 0.017), and with PASQ headache (r = 0.28, p = 0.048), osteoarthralgia (r = 0.46, p = 0.00080) and soft tissue swelling score (r = 0.29, p = 0.041). Parallel changes in serum sKlotho and IGF-1 (r = 0.31, p = 0.023) suggest sKlotho and IGF-1 to be similarly dependent on GH. Comparing the PAS-LAR combination therapy and the monotherapy group we did not observe a significant difference in improvement of QoL.

Conclusions
Patients experienced improved QoL during PAS-LAR, either as monotherapy or in combination with PEGV. Soluble Klotho concentrations appear to be a useful marker of QoL in acromegaly patients but the underlying mechanisms remain to be investigated.
Impact of solutal Marangoni convection on oil recovery during chemical flooding
Authors: Palizdan Sepideh , Abbasi Jassem , Riazi Masoud , Malayeri Mohammad Reza 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this study, the impacts of solutal Marangoni phenomenon on multiphase flow in static and micromodel geometries have experimentally been studied and the interactions between oil droplet and two different alkaline solutions (i.e. MgSO4and Na2CO3) were investigated. The static tests revealed that the Marangoni convection exists in the presence of the alkaline and oil which should carefully be considered in porous media. In the micromodel experiments, observations showed that in the MgSO4flooding, the fluids stayed almost stationary, while in the Na2CO3flooding, a spontaneous movement was detected. The changes in the distribution of fluids showed that the circular movement of fluids due to the Marangoni effects can be effective in draining of the unswept regions. The dimensional analysis for possible mechanisms showed that the viscous, gravity and diffusion forces were negligible and the other mechanisms such as capillary and Marangoni effects should be considered in the investigated experiments. The value of the new defined Marangoni/capillary dimensionless number for the Na2CO3solution was orders of magnitude larger than the MgSO4flooding scenario which explains the differences between the two cases and also between different micromodel regions. In conclusion, the Marangoni convection is activated by creating an ultra-low IFT condition in multiphase flow problems that can be profoundly effective in increasing the phase mixing and microscopic efficiency.
Geochemical characteristics of the Chang7 organic-rich fine-grained sedimentary rocks and its relationship with the tight oil in Longdong area, Northwest China
Authors: Gao Yongliang , Wen Zhigang , Xu Yaohui , Song Huanxin , Li Wei , Yu Yamin , Ke Changwei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn order to study the geochemical characteristics of fine-grained sedimentary rocks and clarify its relationship with the tight oil reservoir, the Chang7 Member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Longdong area was taken as an example to be studied by rock pyrolysis, isotopic determination, maceral analysis, gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Lacustrine organic-rich fine-grained sedimentary rocks can be divided into organic-rich shale and organic-rich mudstone according to their lithology and texture. The results show that the organic-rich shale was deposited in a quiet and anoxic deep lacustrine environment, the organic matter was of high abundance and mainly sourced from plankton and benthic algae (type I–II1). Organic-rich mudstone mainly deposited in the semi-deep lacustrine environment, where the water was relatively shallow and the salinity was low, the organic matter was of low abundance and came from the mixed source of plankton and terrestrial clastic (type II1–II2). The Chang7 tight oil is widely distributed in the turbidite sand bodies, and it was mainly sourced from the Chang7 organic-rich shale.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Towards Cervical Cancer and its Screening Among Women from Tribal Population: a Community-Based Study from Southern India
Authors: Ghosh Supriti , Mallya Sneha D. , Shetty Ranjitha S. , Pattanshetty Sanjay M. , Pandey Deeksha , Kabekkodu Shama Prasada , Satyamoorthy Kapaettu , Kamath Veena G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundCervical cancer continues to be a leading cancer among women in India. Despite availability of various screening techniques, majority of Indian women remain unscreened for cancer cervix. The increasing incidence could be attributed to the lack of awareness regarding cervical cancer screening and paucity of organized screening facilities in the country. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) towards cervical cancer screening among tribal women of coastal Karnataka, southern India.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1140 women aged 20–65 years from three tribes. Information on their KAP towards cervical cancer screening was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire.ResultsMean age of the participants was 39.8 ± 10.1 years. Although 82.9% of the participants reported to have heard of cervical cancer, 51% were aware that the disease could be prevented, and only 2.3% knew that it can be detected at an early stage. Over 75% of the participants did not have adequate knowledge regarding cervical cancer. However, majority of them (99.9%) had a favourable attitude towards cervical cancer screening. None of them had undergone cervical cancer screening prior to the study. The knowledge scores were significantly associated with age group, marital status, education level, socioeconomic status and tribal community of the participants (p < 0.05).ConclusionOverall knowledge regarding cervical cancer among the surveyed women was poor, though they exhibited a positive attitude. This calls for a sustained health education and screening program to create awareness and improve the uptake of cervical cancer screening among these women.
Frontiers of business intelligence and analytics 3.0: a taxonomy-based literature review and research agenda
Authors: Eggert Mathias , Alberts Jens 
Published: April 2020

AbstractResearching the field of business intelligence and analytics (BI & A) has a long tradition within information systems research. Thereby, in each decade the rapid development of technologies opened new room for investigation. Since the early 1950s, the collection and analysis of structured data were the focus of interest, followed by unstructured data since the early 1990s. The third wave of BI & A comprises unstructured and sensor data of mobile devices. The article at hand aims at drawing a comprehensive overview of the status quo in relevant BI & A research of the current decade, focusing on the third wave of BI & A. By this means, the paper’s contribution is fourfold. First, a systematically developed taxonomy for BI & A 3.0 research, containing seven dimensions and 40 characteristics, is presented. Second, the results of a structured literature review containing 75 full research papers are analyzed by applying the developed taxonomy. The analysis provides an overview on the status quo of BI & A 3.0. Third, the results foster discussions on the predicted and observed developments in BI & A research of the past decade. Fourth, research gaps of the third wave of BI & A research are disclosed and concluded in a research agenda.
The partition of salts (i) between two immiscible solution phases and (ii) between the solid salt phase and its saturated salt solution
Authors: Scholz Fritz , Kahlert Heike , Thede Richard 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe partition of salts between two polar immiscible solvents results from the partition of the cations and anions. Because electroneutrality rules in both phases, the partition of cations is affected by that of anions, and vice versa. Thus, the partition of a salt is determined by the chemical potentials of cations and anions in both phases, and it is limited by the boundary condition of electroneutrality. Whereas the partition of neutral molecules does not produce a Galvani potential difference at the interface, the partition of salts does. Here, the equations to calculate this Galvani potential difference are derived for salts of the general composition$$ {\text{Cat}}_{{\nu_{\text{Cat}} }}^{{(z_{\text{Cat}} ) + }} {\text{An}}_{{\nu_{\text{An}} }}^{{(z_{\text{An}} ) - }} $$CatνCat(zCat)+AnνAn(zAn)-and for uni-univalent salts$$ {\text{Cat}}^{ + } {\text{An}}^{ - } $$Cat+An-. The activity of a specific ion in a particular phase can thus be purposefully tuned by the choice of a suitable counterion. Finally, the distribution of a salt between its solid phase and its saturated solution is also presented, together with a discussion of the Galvani potential difference across the interface of the two phases.Graphical abstract
Assessment of Human Skin Burns: A Deep Transfer Learning Approach
Authors: Abubakar Aliyu , Ugail Hassan , Bukar Ali Maina 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Accurate assessment of burns is increasingly sought due to diagnostic challenges faced with traditional visual assessment methods. While visual assessment is the most established means of evaluating burns globally, specialised dermatologists are not readily available in most locations and assessment is highly subjective. The use of other technical devices such as Laser Doppler Imaging is highly expensive while rate of occurrences is high in low- and middle-income countries. These necessitate the need for robust and cost-effective assessment techniques thereby acting as an affordable alternative to human expertise.

Method
In this paper, we present a technique to discriminate skin burns using deep transfer learning. This is due to deficient datasets to train a model from scratch, in which two dense and a classification layers were added to replace the existing top layers of pre-trained ResNet50 model.

Results
The proposed study was able to discriminate between burns and healthy skin in both ethnic subjects (Caucasians and Africans). We present an extensive analysis of the effect of using both homogeneous and heterogeneous datasets when training a machine learning algorithm. The findings show that using homogenous dataset during training process produces a biased diagnostic model towards minor racial subjects while using heterogeneous datasets produce a robust diagnostic model. Recognition accuracy of up to 97.1% and 99.3% using African and Caucasian datasets respectively were achieved.

Conclusion
We concluded that it is feasible to have a robust diagnostic machine learning model for burns assessment that can be deployed to remote locations faced with access to specialized burns specialists, thereby aiding in decision-making as quick as possible
Extensions with shrinking fibers
Authors: KLOECKNER BENOÎT R. 
Published: April 2020

We consider dynamical systems $T:X\rightarrow X$ that are extensions of a factor $S:Y\rightarrow Y$ through a projection $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}:X\rightarrow Y$ with shrinking fibers, that is, such that $T$ is uniformly continuous along fibers $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}^{-1}(y)$ and the diameter of iterate images of fibers $T^{n}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}^{-1}(y))$ uniformly go to zero as $n\rightarrow \infty$. We prove that every $S$-invariant measure $\check{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}$ has a unique $T$-invariant lift $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$, and prove that many properties of $\check{\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}}$ lift to $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$: ergodicity, weak and strong mixing, decay of correlations and statistical properties (possibly with weakening in the rates). The basic tool is a variation of the Wasserstein distance, obtained by constraining the optimal transportation paradigm to displacements along the fibers. We extend classical arguments to a general setting, enabling us to translate potentials and observables back and forth between $X$ and $Y$.
High frequency of clinical conditions commonly associated with mitochondrial disorders in schizophrenia
Authors: Alonso Yolanda , Valiente-Pallejà Alba , Verge Begoña , Vilella Elisabet , Martorell Lourdes 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjective:It has been hypothesised that neuropsychiatric symptoms, including psychosis, can be the result of a milder brain bioenergetic defect produced by mitochondrial dysfunction; however, mitochondrial dysfunction can be present in other organs or systems. The aim of the study was to investigate whether clinical conditions associated with mitochondrial disorders (CAMDs) were frequently present in schizophrenia.Methods:A previously used questionnaire regarding the CAMDs was administered to patients and controls in a direct interview with a trained psychiatrist. The frequencies of CAMDs in 164 patients with schizophrenia were compared to those in 156 age- and sex-matched controls.Results:Severe fatigue, seizures, constipation and diabetes were significantly more frequent in patients with schizophrenia than in control subjects and apparently not related to pharmacological treatment.Conclusion:The results of the present study suggest that multi-systemic mitochondrial dysfunction may be an underlying mechanism involved in schizophrenia.
Illuminating Intcal During the Younger Dryas
Authors: Reinig Frederick , Sookdeo Adam , Esper Jan , Friedrich Michael , Guidobaldi Giulia , Helle Gerhard , Kromer Bernd , Nievergelt Daniel , Pauly Maren , Tegel Willy , Treydte Kerstin , Wacker Lukas , Büntgen Ulf 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTAs the worldwide standard for radiocarbon (14C) dating over the past ca. 50,000 years, the International Calibration Curve (IntCal) is continuously improving towards higher resolution and replication. Tree-ring-based 14C measurements provide absolute dating throughout most of the Holocene, although high-precision data are limited for the Younger Dryas interval and farther back in time. Here, we describe the dendrochronological characteristics of 1448 new 14C dates, between ~11,950 and 13,160 cal BP, from 13 pines that were growing in Switzerland. Significantly enhancing the ongoing IntCal update (IntCal20), this Late Glacial (LG) compilation contains more annually precise 14C dates than any other contribution during any other period of time. Thus, our results now provide unique geochronological dating into the Younger Dryas, a pivotal period of climate and environmental change at the transition from LG into Early Holocene conditions.
The effect on satiety of ingesting isosweet and isoenergetic sucrose- and isomaltulose-sweetened beverages: a randomised crossover trial
Authors: Mills Brianna M. , Keesing Celeste T. , Haszard Jillian J. , Venn Bernard J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGenerating feelings of satiety may be important in maintaining weight control. It has been hypothesised that the circulating concentration of glucose is a major determinant of satiety, yet the relationship between postprandial glycaemia and satiety is inconclusive. Our aim was to assess satiety following ingestion of beverages differing in glycaemic index (GI) containing either 50 g of sucrose (GI 65) or isomaltulose (PalatinoseTM) (GI 32). The beverages were matched for sweetness using a triangle sensory test. Seventy-seven participants were randomised to the order in which they received each beverage, 2 weeks apart. A standard lunch was given at 12.00 hours. Satiety was measured using 100-mm visual analogue scales (VAS) administered at 14.00 hours (baseline) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min after ingesting the beverage. Weighed diet records were kept from 17.00 to 24.00 hours. Mean differences for isomaltulose compared with sucrose AUC VAS were ‘How hungry do you feel?’ 109 (95 % CI –443, 661) mm × min; ‘How satisfied do you feel?’ 29 (95 % CI –569, 627) mm × min; ‘How full do you feel?’ −91 (95 % CI –725, 544) mm × min and ‘How much do you think you can eat?’ 300 (95 % CI –318, 919) mm × min. There was no between-treatment difference in satiety question responses or in dietary energy intake −291 (95 % CI −845, 267) kJ over the remainder of the day. In this experiment, feelings of satiety were independent of the GI of the test beverages. Any differences in satiety found between foods chosen on the basis of GI could be attributable to food properties other than the glycaemic-inducing potential of the food.