bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facilitators and Barriers to the Development of Health Literacy Capacities Over Time for Self-Management
Authors: McKenna Verna B. , Sixsmith Jane , Barry Margaret 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Health literacy is a dynamic construct that is content and context specific. An understanding of the facilitators and barriers involved in the development of health literacy over time can provide important insights for the health care providers (HCP) in supporting patients with chronic illness.

Objective:
The study was conducted to expand an understanding of how health literacy development can be supported through exploration of the main facilitators and barriers in the process.

Methods:
This study used a longitudinal qualitative study design involving repeat interviews at three separate time points over a 12-month period. A purposive sample of 26 participants attending a structured cardiovascular disease risk-reduction program participated in the study, 17 of whom completed all three interviews. The European Health Literacy Survey measure was used to determine health literacy levels at the beginning and end of the 12-month period. Employing qualitative thematic analysis and a longitudinal-specific question framework, a trajectory approach was applied to explore individual cases longitudinally.

Key Results:
Facilitators and barriers to health literacy capacity development were identified. Participants demonstrated increased perceptions of having control and being empowered over time. However, this was also found to be affected by external life events. Study participants were also found to be embedding health knowledge, motivation, and behaviors over time within the everyday contexts of their lives. The relationship with the HCP permeated all aspects of health literacy capacity development, including aspects of treatment decision-making. Participants identified the need for psychological supports and the increased importance of looking after their mental health.

Conclusions:

Positive developments in health literacy capacities are important for the self-management of illness. Longitudinal findings underscore the importance of the HCP in supporting the development of health literacy capacities over time. These findings lend support to the need to integrate health literacy into medical and other HCP curricula to raise awareness of the concept of health literacy.

[
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2020;4(2):e104–e118.]

Plain Language Summary:
Using a longitudinal qualitative study design, this study proposes that health literacy capacities develop over time and that the health care provider (HCP) plays a central role in this process. Findings from this study support the need to embed health literacy training into medical and other applied HCP curricula to raise awareness of the concept of health literacy.
Public Interest Regarding Nature Protection Pursued by the Municipal Government
Authors: Stelmasiak Jerzy 
Published: May 2020

The article contains an analysis of the issue of public interest pursued by the municipal government in the field of nature conservation, demonstrated on the example of individual forms of nature conservation, the latter term being the concept used by environmental law scholars. Moreover, it covers natural monuments, documentation stands, ecological grounds and natural and landscape complexes, which are established through a resolution of the municipal council, which constitutes an act of local law. On the other hand, administrative prohibitions introduced for this purpose in an act of local law must have statutory authorisation and they should take into account the constitutional principle of sustainable development and the principle of proportionality. This is because these prohibitions restrict the right of ownership of immovable property situated in their area. Moreover, such an act of local law shall also be subject to the judicial review by an administrative court, having been challenged by the addressee of such act, provided that the addressee has also a legal interest, not only a factual interest.
The Local Government Body Member and the Local Government Employee as a Passive Bribery Offender under Polish Criminal Law
Authors: Kulik Marek 
Published: May 2020

The study addresses the status of a local government body member and a local government employee as a person holding a public function in the meaning of Polish criminal law. In the Polish legal system, a person who holds a public function may be held criminally liable for passive bribery (bribe accepting) defined in Article 229 of the Polish Penal Code. Pursuant to Article 115 § 19 PC, a public officer and persons belonging to several other categories are persons holding a public function, while Article 115 § 13 PC defines the public officer by detailed enumeration of specific persons. The study provides an analysis of these concepts in view of the provisions governing the status of local government officers and persons employed with local government organisational units.
A Protocol for Systematic Review of Ayurvedic Interventions in Iron-deficiency Anemia
Authors: Nair Devi R , PP Pradeep Kumar , E Remya 
Published: May 2020

Background:
In India, Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) among women Is a problem of major health significance. This study reviews the clinical trials on Ayurvedic management of IDA to generate evidence on their safety and efficacy.

Objectives:
The primary objective of the present study is systematic review of selected studies and published clinical data in view of safety and efficacy of Ayurvedic interventions in the management of IDA.

Materials and methods:
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-RCTs (QRCT), controlled clinical trials (CCTs), and multiple-arm clinical trials that are of at least 3 weeks' duration will be included. Studies having patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria based on the symptomatology of Pandu and IDA will be selected. Search strategy (for electronic search) Ayurveda OR Ayurvedic OR Ayurvedic treatment OR Pandu OR iron- deficiency anemia AND Mrit bhakshanajanya pandu as titles, abstracts, or keywords from online databases will be searched. Three investigators shall independently screen all citations and abstracts identified by a primary comprehensive search to sort out potentially eligible trials. Full articles of potentially eligible trials shall be obtained and independently evaluated for inclusion in the review based on the participants (inclusion criteria). Data extraction forms for individual study shall be prepared.

Dissemination:
The results of systematic review will be disseminated manually and electronically in peer-reviewed journals. The present systematic review may help the health authorities in framing health policies more effectively.

Trial registration number:
PROSPERO 2019 CDR42019131191 Dated 29/07/2019.
Del "Yemboaty" a la autonomía: El trabajo de Xavier Albó con los Guaraní del Chaco Boliviano
Authors: Postero Nancy 
Published: May 2020

Este artículo analiza el trabajo de Xavier Albó con los guaraní del Chaco boliviano, enfocándose en textos icónicos durante tres momentos importantes de la historia guaraní. Sostengo que al documentar las estructuras de la economía política y la historia bajo las cuales han vivido los guaraní, al igual que sus recursos culturales, el trabajo de Albó contribuye a los debates actuales en antropología sobre la naturaleza construida, fluida y dinámica de la identidad cultural y su relación con el poder y la dominación. Su trabajo académico comprometido estableción las bases para un conocimiento que contribuyó con propuestas concretas para el cambio político, a las que llamo “construcción de mundos,” basadas en nociones de autonomía y auto-determinación culturalmente significativas. Hoy en día, el trabajo de Albó sirve como un valioso modelo de investigación académica comprometida.
The Holocaust as a Lifelong Nightmare: Posttraumatic Symptoms and Dream Content in Polish Auschwitz Survivors 30 Years After World War II
Authors: Bergman Monica , MacGregor Oskar , Olkoniemi Henri , Owczarski Wojciech , Revonsuo Antti , Valli Katja 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPosttraumatic symptoms, including nightmares, are more prevalent in World War II survivors than in the general population, but how war experiences have affected subsequent dream content in specific survivor populations remains less explored. In the present study, we used self-reports collected in 1973 from Polish Auschwitz survivors (N = 150; 45 women) to investigate the prevalence of posttraumatic symptoms, classified according to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Furthermore, we classified main themes, central emotions, and threatening events in the dreams (N = 632) of the survivors, comparing dreams recalled from before, during, and after the war. Of the respondents, 12.7% described experiencing all diagnostic criteria for PTSD. War-related themes were less common in dreams dreamt before than during the war but were most common after the war. Themes related to family and freedom were most likely to appear in dreams dreamt during than before or after the war. The most often occurring emotion was fear, and dreams from after the war were likely to contain more negative and less positive emotions than dreams dreamt during the war. The likelihoods of reporting threatening events and threats involving aggression were higher in dreams dreamt during than before the war and in dreams dreamt after than during the war. In conclusion, PTSD symptoms were common in Polish Auschwitz survivors 30 years after World War II, and the themes, emotions, and threatening events in their dreams seem to reflect lifelong posttraumatic dreaming. We interpret the results as lending support for the threat simulation theory of dreaming.
Every Cloud Has a Silver Lining: The Positive Effect of Fearful Attachment State on Creative Idea Generation
Authors: Seo Seong-Jee , Kim Ye Kang , Lee Sujin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
As task situations across settings become more competitive and threatening, people face greater challenges in being creative amid these increasingly unfavorable conditions. We used the state-based attachment perspective and a gain/loss frame analysis to examine the temporary attachment state that leads to creative idea generation in a threatening task situation. Experimental data supported our hypothesis that full-time workers primed to have a temporary fearful (vs. secure) attachment state would generate more creative ideas related to a loss-framed task, but not in the context of a gain frame. We discuss potential mechanisms explaining the fearful attachment state’s positive effect on creativity in a threatening task context.
Redefining the Congruity Effect in Comparative Judgments: A Review of the Theories and a Further Test
Authors: Jou Jerwen , Matos Maria Sevilla , Martinez Mikayla A. , Sierra Francisco J. , Guzman Clair , Hut Amanda R. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article reviews major theories about the congruity effect (CE) in comparative judgments and reports 2 experiments further testing a newly proposed theory. The congruity effect is the phenomenon that in a comparative judgment, when the comparative in the instruction (“choose larger” or “choose smaller”) matches the magnitude of the 2 items being compared (“choose larger” when the two items are large, “choose smaller” when the two items are small), the choice is faster than when they mismatch. For four decades this has been the belief of researchers. A recent study (Jou, Escamilla, Torres, Ortiz, & Salazar, 2018) has shown that the instruction comparative plays no necessary role in generating the congruity effect. Instead, the item closer to the end of a continuum of an attribute tends to be retrieved from memory faster than the item farther from an end regardless of whether there is an instruction. The assumptions of the newly proposed theory, called the serial position–based distinctiveness account, were further tested in this study. The test results were affirmative. They showed that the congruity effect comes from the serial position–based distinctiveness of the items, and thus the decades-old misunderstanding of the role of the instruction in producing the CE is corrected.
Bezoek in Nederlandse gevangenissen
Authors: Berghuis Maria , Palmen Hanneke , Nieuwbeerta Paul 
Published: May 2020

Visitation in Dutch Prisons: the current state of affairs
Prison visitation is important for protecting against social isolation during imprisonment. It is also essential for maintaining contacts that are important for life in prison and after release. It is therefore not surprising that both nationally and internationally important policy measures and scientific research have been undertaken on the topic. Nationally, however, limited scientific research is available regarding how many, how often and from whom prisoners receive visits, how visits are experienced and the possible effects of visitation, thus leaving many questions unanswered. Meanwhile, in the past ten years great changes have been made to visitation in Dutch prison policy and practice. Given these recent developments, both scientists and practitioners could benefit from an overview of the current state of affairs of visitation. This article aims to bridge the gap between research, policy and practice by summarizing findings from the Life in Custody study. This study includes a description of how visitation is organized legally, at the policy level and in practice, a thorough review of prior research on visitation and an analysis of the most recent national data on the prevalence and frequency of visitation, while considering important differences between prisoners and prisons.
CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN CLASSES AND WORKPLACES: THE COMMUNICATION CHALLENGES
Authors: Pieniz Mônica Bertholdo 
Published: May 2020

Dr. Peruvemba S Jaya is an Associate Professor in the Department of Communication, Faculty of Arts, at the University of Ottawa. Prior to that, she has been in teaching in faculties of business in the USA and Canada. She has a PhD in Business Administration (Organizational Behaviour and Organizational Studies) from the University of Rhode Island, USA, MA in Sociology from the Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, India and BA (Hons) in Sociology from the University of Delhi, India. Her research interests include the areas of gender diversity and multiculturalism in the workplace, immigration and gender, immigrant women, South Asian immigrant women’s experience, immigrants’ issues, interpersonal communication, identity formation and construction processes, postcolonial theory, and intercultural communication. She is also interested in ethnic media and qualitative research methodologies. She is affiliated with the Institute of Women’s Studies, University of Ottawa as well as Affiliate Faculty in the interdisciplinary E Business and Technology PhD Program. She is a member of the Organizational Communication Research Group of the University of Ottawa, Department of Communication. She is currently the Regional Representative of Research Committee 32: Women in Society of the International Sociological Association and a Member of the Board of the Canadian Communication Association.
Trouver un emploi pour une personne réfugiée : les dimensions de l’accueil
Authors: Blain Marie-Jeanne , Caron Roxane , Rufagari Marie-Claire 
Published: May 2020

Travailler, étudier, se sentir accueilli sont des dimensions centrales des processus d’intégration. La question du droit à la ville des personnes immigrantes est abordée sous l’angle de l’hospitalité et de l’accueil, soit la place accordée aux personnes réfugiées, illustrée à partir du cas de l’emploi. Le Québec a accueilli plus de 26 000 réfugiés entre 2011-2015. En raison des défis particuliers auxquels ils sont confrontés (trajectoires prémigratoires, langue étrangère, niveau de scolarité), nous visons, avec cette recherche-action, à mieux comprendre les processus d’intégration professionnelle de ces réfugiés et les ressources en employabilité qui sont impliquées. À cette fin, nous avons rencontré 17 intervenants du milieu communautaire et 14 personnes réfugiées à Montréal et dans des villes d’autres régions. Au coeur des entrevues, l’accueil est apparu comme une dimension fondamentale, tant du point de vue des personnes réfugiées que des intervenants. Dans cet article, nous explorons en quoi cet accueil est une porte d’entrée pour le vivre-ensemble, abordé à travers l’emploi, mais touchant plus largement la vie sociale.
Beyond Modularity
Authors: Karmiloff-Smith Annette 
Published: May 2020

Taking a stand midway between Piaget's constructivism and Fodor's nativism, Annette Karmiloff-Smith offers an exciting new theory of developmental change that embraces both approaches. She shows how each can enrich the other and how both are necessary to a fundamental theory of human cognition.
Karmiloff-Smith shifts the focus from what cognitive science can offer the study of development to what a developmental perspective can offer cognitive science. In Beyond Modularity she treats cognitive development as a serious theoretical tool, presenting a coherent portrait of the flexibility and creativity of the human mind as it develops from infancy to middle childhood.
Language, physics, mathematics, commonsense psychology, drawing, and writing are explored in terms of the relationship between the innate capacities of the human mind and subsequent representational change which allows for such flexibility and creativity. Karmiloff-Smith also takes up the issue of the extent to which development involves domain-specific versus domain-general processes. She concludes with discussions of nativism and domain specificity in relation to Piagetian theory and connectionism, and shows how a developmental perspective can pinpoint what is missing from connectionist models of the mind.
Bradford Books imprint
Coordinating Distributed Objects
Authors: Frolund Svend 
Published: May 2020

Coordinating Distributed Objects presents a novel object-oriented methodology to simplify the construction of distributed software systems. The methodology is based on a programming construct, called synchronizer, that allows the coordination of distributed application components to be programmed in a modular fashion and at a high level of abstraction. The methodology offers new insight into the problem of coordination in distributed systems and can be applied to a broad spectrum of distributed software systems such as process control, multimedia, and groupware.
Current methodologies for developing distributed applications do not adequately address the complexity of coordinating application components. The coherence between asynchronous application components, for instance, is usually implemented by explicitly programming a large number of messages and the responses to them. The synchronizer construct, however, implements coordination as abstract and reusable coordination constraints, and thereby reduces code size and complexity by an order of magnitude.
Synchronizers offer other attractions as well: they maintain procedural abstraction, data encapsulation, and inherent concurrency. Overall, they allow coordination to be expressed at a level of abstraction that is much closer to the mental model of code developers.
Representations, Targets, and Attitudes
Authors: Cummins Robert 
Published: May 2020

What is it for something in the mind to represent something? Distinguished philosopher of mind Robert Cummins looks at the familiar problems of representation theory (what information is represented in the mind, what form mental representation takes, how representational schemes are implemented in the brain, what it is for one thing to represent another) from an unprecedented angle. Instead of following the usual procedure of defending a version of "indicator" semantics, Cummins begins with a theory of representational error and uses this theory to constrain the account of representational content. Thus, the problem of misrepresentation, which plagues all other accounts, is avoided at the start. Cummins shows that representational error can be accommodated only if the content of a representation is intrinsic—independent of its use and causal role in the system that employs it.
Cummins's theory of error is based on the teleological idea of a "target," an intentional concept but one that differs importantly from that of an ordinary intentional object. Using this notion he offers a schematic theory of representation and an account of propositional attitudes that takes exception with some popular positions, such as conceptual role semantics, Fodor's representational theory of the mind, and Putnam's twin-earth examples.
Bradford Books imprint
Discordance of vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at 2 μg/mL between Vitek II, E-test, and Broth Microdilution
Authors: Kuo Chien-Feng , Lio Chon Fu , Chen Hsiang-Ting , Wang Yu-Ting Tina , Ma Kevin Sheng-Kai , Chou Yi Ting , Chang Fu-Chieh , Tsai Shin-Yi 
Published: May 2020

Background
Vancomycin, the first line antibiotic for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia, is often administered inappropriately when MIC is greater than 2 µg/mL, including ‘susceptible’ strains. This study assessed the discordance of vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Methods
In total, 229 MRSA isolates from blood cultures collected between 2009 and 2015 at a tertiary hospital in Taiwan were examined. The MICs of vancomycin were measured using Vitek 2, E-test, and standard broth microdilution at the level of 2 µg/mL.

Results
The geometric mean of the MICs of hospital-acquired MRSA was higher than that of community-acquired MRSA (P < 0.001), with the exact agreement rates (with broth microdilution) at 2 µg/mL being 53.6% in Vitek 2 and 86.7% in E-test. Overall, E-test (98.1%) had more categorical accordance than did Vitek 2 (94.0%; P = 0.026). Vitek 2 had a tendency to overestimate MRSA in high-MIC isolates, whereas E-test inclined underestimation in low-MIC isolates. Surprisingly, the discordance rates of MRSA vancomycin MICs were higher in hospital-acquired isolates (13.3%–17.0%) than in community-acquired isolates (6.2%–7.0%).

Conclusion
The Infectious Diseases Society of America recommends the use of alternative antimicrobial agents when vancomycin MIC is ≥ 2 µg/mL; in this study, only 53.6% of the isolates tested using Vitek 2 showed a high MIC in the broth microdilution method. Accurate identification of the resistance profile is a key component of antimicrobial stewardship programs. Therefore, to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use and mitigate the emergence of resistant strains, we recommend using complementary tests such as E-test or Broth microdilution to verify the MIC before administering second-line antibiotics.

Strengths
(1) We compared the categorical agreement between different methods measuring MRSA MICs level. (2) Physicians should incorporate this information and consider a complementary test to verify the appropriateness of the decision of shifting vancomycin to second-line antibiotic treatment to improve patients’ prognosis. (3) MRSA-vancomycin MICs at a cutoff of 2 µg/mL obtained using Vitek II exhibited a higher sensitivity level and negative predictive value than those obtained using E-test in the prediction of categorical agreement with standard broth microdilution.

Limitation
(1) Our research was based on a single hospital-based study. (2) The MRSA strains in this study were stored for more than 12 months after isolation. (3) We did not collect information on clinical prognosis.