bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development on advanced electrophoretic deposition system for fabrication and processing of irradiated hybrid nanocomposites
Authors: Ali Mohd Roslie , Razali Meor Yahaya , Harun Mohd Hamzah , Mohd On Ahmad Zuhdi , Muhd Sayuti Muhammad Hazim , Abdul Halim Khairul Azhar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is attracting increasing interest as a materials processing technique for a wide range of technical applications. This technique enables the production of unique microstructures and nanostructures as well as novel and complex material combinations such as hybrid nanocomposites, in a variety of macroscopic shapes, dimensions and arrangements starting from micron-sized or nanosized particles. In the standard EPD process (lab scale), two electrodes, the working electrode (substrate material) and the counter electrode are immersed in a suspension. In pilot scale, the fully automated system consists suspension compartment with ultrasonic transducer, electrodes in-line system, programmable AC/DC power supply, washing system, drying/annealing system and others. The advantages of EPD are rather simple equipment, the flexibility in substrate shape/dimension and coating materials choice as well as the ability to easily control the homogeneity and thickness of the coatings. Pilot scale deposition facilities or the advanced EPD system, involves semi-automatic operation with accurate deposit thickness control. This promising technique is a better choice than other techniques which are more expensive, less efficient and harmful to environment. The hybrid nanocomposites have been proven to exhibit superior properties than the conventional materials. To make full use of the properties derived from particles, it is important to control the arrangement of particles with high packing density in hybrid nanocomposites. The Ultrasonic irradiation assisted in this system has been found to enable desired particle arrangement and packing density with various shapes. Besides, with the implementation of Gamma irradiation (Pretreatment) as replacement for chemical treatment and EB irradiation for enhancement of conductivity and uniformity of the coatings (Post treatment) can distribute efficiently. It is expected that the system is enable to be employed in variety functions and applications. This paper will discuss the development of the system, the advantages and the relevancy of this system in variety applications.
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based bolus material for high energy photons and electrons
Authors: Okoh Franca Ujah , Mohd Yusof Mohd Fahmi , Abdullah Reduan , Kabir Norlaili Ahmad 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The study focused on the use of fabricated bolus materials based on the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to increase the surface dose on high energy photons and electrons. The PVA based bolus materials were fabricated at 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10% PVA in water at target density of 1.0 g/cm3. The PVA based boluses were scanned by using the computed tomography (CT) scanner along with the solid water phantoms. The percentage depth (PDD) dose of the solid water phantoms and the PVA based bolus materials were measured by using the treatment planning software (TPS) at 6 and 10 MV photons and 6 and 9 MeV electrons. The PDD curved obtained were compared to that of the standard bolus material and the surface dose were measured. The results showed that the PDD curves of solid water phantoms with PVA based bolus materials were consistent with that in standard bolus material within 1.4% percentage of difference for both 6 and 10 MV photons and within 2.9 and 1.4% percentage of differences in 6 and 9 MeV electrons respectively. The increment of surface dose in PVA based bolus materials were in excellent agreement to the standard bolus material and the percentage of PVA did not significantly affect the surface dose. The overall results showed the potential use of the PVA to be used as bolus material for clinical photons and electrons.
X-ray diffraction method to identify epithelial to mesenchymal transition in breast cancer tissue
Authors: Alsharif A M , Abdul Sani S F , Moradi F 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Breast Stromal tissue is significantly involved in the spread of cancer because of molecular variations. The main component, collagen, has a spatial arrangement allowing the investigation of its structural patterns in tissues by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Since detection and classification of tumor type and stage from the pathological examinations is a laborious task that additionally does not allow cancer detection in the early stages, development of new tools to improve the diagnostic power of pathologists is still needed. In this study, the potential used of XRD tecniques as one of the method for early detection of breast cancer was done. Four pathological cancerous breast tissue samples were taken from four different patients; where two samples are with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (P-EMT) and two samples are without epithelial to mesenchymal transition (N-EMT). The latter was incorporated at an angle interval of 10° to 80° to obtain interference diffraction pattern of XRD of human malignant tissues. This was done to determine molecular structure changes of collagen fiber within the tissue and their potential relation to the changes in cancerous tissue toward metastasis. The results showed that the momentum transfer values for the first region of N-EMT, P-EMT cancerous tissue are not significantly different for both cancerous breast tissue types, being at 1.61 ± 1.74 nm−1. The average peaks of the second region were determined for N-EMT at 3.4 ± 3.5 nm−1 and P-EMT at 3.6 ± 3.7 nm− which is attributed to water content of the tissues, due to the greater intensity of the P-EMT compared to that of N-EMT. Principal component analysis (PCA) used to confirm statistical appropriateness of the results, showed a normal distribution within 95% confidence level. P-EMT clusters have a larger number of scatter plots compared to N-EMT, which indicates a higher similarity between P-EMT samples than between N-EMT samples, thus confirming the difference between positive and negative-EMT clusters. The curent analysis can differentiate XRD features and thus confirms its effectiveness in detecting the molecular correlation of abnormal collagen fiber structure within epithelial change, and is useful for early diagnosis even case of dense breasts.
Validation of in-house algorithm for SPECT-CT 3D segmentation and high-accuracy cancer internal dosimetry protocol
Authors: Ngali M Z , Lawrence K Y H , Masud M A , Aminudin M S , Salihatun M S , Ishkrizat T 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Tumour volume measurement requires physicist to perform manual delineation for every slice of 2D image produced by SPECT-CT to obtain the total number of pixel of abnormal activities. The total number of pixel is multiplied with spatial resolution of each pixel and thickness between each slice. Physicist delineate abnormal activities of tumour subjectively which lead to inconsistent accuracy of the measured volume. Manual delineation process requires high consumption of time and effort. This work is aimed to verify and validate an in-house developed algorithm that capable of numerically quantify the tumour volume. The results were compared with the actual and manually calculated volume of Phantom Body, scanned with SPECT-CT apparatus. The algorithm verification is performed by comparing the algorithm structure and preliminary results with previous works. The data for validation were obtained by conducting experiment with NEMA-IEC body phantom and Iodine-131. The algorithm structure and outcome were comparable with previous works with slight modification. The algorithm measured volume is 26.9579 cm3 which is only 1.6% error as compared to the actual tumour volume of 26.521 cm3. The algorithm is expected to be used for actual patient data in the near future once sufficient verification and validation procedures are achieved.
Evaluation of contrast and recovery coefficients as performance parameters in planar and SPECT imaging
Authors: Mohd Yusof Mohd Fahmi , Ab Ghani Ummi Solehah , Ghazali Nor Amalyna , Khaizul Ahmad Thaifur , Idris Abdullah Waidi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The study focused on the performance evaluation of the gamma camera on the planar and SPECT imaging mode in nuclear medicine imaging. Several parameters were studied including the partial volume effect, contrast evaluation at different radiopharmaceutical size of localizations and the recovery coefficients. The localizations of Technetium-99m (99mTc) radionuclide were achieved by using Perspex® vials with different diameter sizes between 1.3 and 3.5 cm in a Jaszczak phantoms filled with water. The images were obtained in both planar and SPECT modes. The contrast in planar images showed no significant change when different activity of radionuclide was used. The contrast in SPECT images showed that the higher contrasts were achieved when higher time of projection used when lower activity of 99mTc were used. The contrast at higher 99mTc activity however was the highest when lower time of projection was used. The recovery coefficient in planar images showed a linear relationship to the size of radionuclide localizations and did not significantly affect the activity of the radionuclide. The recovery coefficient of SPECT images however were significantly affected by activity of the radionuclide. The recovery coefficient in SPECT increased dramatically when higher activity of the radionuclide was used. The overall results showed that the measurement of contrast and recovery coefficient can be used as performance parameters for both the planar and SPECT imaging in nuclear medicine.
Risk analysis and hazard identification at ALURTRON and MINTec-Sinagama
Authors: Baharin Ruzalina , Ramli Syuhada , Hairaldin Siti Zulaiha , Ahmad Rohaizah 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Risk Management is part of the operational element in an organization to manage their directives towards risks surrounding them. It assists the organization to identify, evaluate and prioritize the risks through risk analysis. The main objective of this work is to identify risk from hazards involved in the work place, so that control measures can be put in place to avoid or minimise the harm it can cause. The risks include hazards from radiation, chemical, biological, physical as well as ergonomic factors. Hazard identification was carried out at two radiation facilities in Malaysian Nuclear Agency that involved radiation safety. ALURTRON and MINTec-Sinagama provide radiation services to commercial industries as well as for R&D purposes. In this paper, every section in risk analysis and hazard identification are discussed.
ReDICS: 5 years’ operation experiences and its technology
Authors: Joha Nurfarhana Ayuni , Minhat Mohd Sabri , Abdul Manan Mohd Khairulezwan , Abdul Jalil Khan Zareen Khan , Mutalib Ridzuan Abdul , Abdul Muh. Kasim 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
PUSPATI TRIGA Reactor (RTP) is the one and only 1MW research reactor in Malaysia that has been operating since 1982. RTP is used for radioisotope production, various R&D activities and operator training. After more than 3 decades of operations with an analog system, the control console is upgraded into a digital system. Reactor Digital Instrumentation and Control System (ReDICS) is designed, fabricated, manufactured, installed, tested and eventually commissioned in 2014. ReDICS mainly consists of Reactor Protection System (RPS), Operator Work Station (OWS), Data Acquisition and Control System (DACS) and Control Rod Drive Mechanism (CRDM). This paper shares the experiences and performance status throughout the 5 years of ReDICS operation after its commissioning. Besides, technical and operational data of ReDICS are presented and then compared with the old analog I&C system. This paper also describes the instrumentation and measurement technologies in ReDICS as well as the work performed to ensure ReDICS is always functioning at its best and safely.
Thermal insulation ceramic material by using coal combustion waste fly ash and waste glass with medicinal phytochemical repellent
Authors: Sahoo Saroja Kumar , Shrivastava Umakant , Khan Mohammad Ziyauddin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Toreduce in environmental load from pollution after primary using of various products (waste product), which is supporting to secondary utilization in preparation of thermal insulation materials using coal fly ash (40-60%), siliceous glass material(30-55%), some phytochemical medicinal additives and (2-8%) cellulose. We know that thermal energy is effective for nature. By the scientific ideas and methods ‘energy’ has been presenting a greatest continuous chainthat frequently more economical to transforms the various form of ceramic materials. The capability of ceramic material such as “tiles”, cooking utensil, crucible etc chosen the better quality for treatment of heat insulation materials based on waste coal combustion of fly ash with waste glass and regular active form of adding medicinal organic adsorbates. In heretheorganic medicinal additives acts as reducing over materials from harmful diseases of microbial. It is favor for developing to high response to health care purposing. Over the materials, thermal activitydepends on some factors such as chemical composition of substances. From this typical point, the Fly Ash and Waste Glass reduce the flow of heat. To testing after preparation of materials as water absorption in boiling and cold water acts with (4-5) days. By the thermal treatment, the material individually acts as (700-1000)˚C. The mechanical durability with other physical and chemical properties for this material is supporting with environmental parameters.
Preparation and characterization of amphiphilic polymer coating for marine biofouling control
Authors: Mahto Lokeshwar , Pal Dharm 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Biofouling is a major issue prevalent in marine industry resulting in losses in billions of dollars for repairing and maintenance. Coatings developed to tackle marine biofouling are either toxic towards environment or have shorter lifespan. Amphiphilic block copolymer coatings have gained wide attention recently to mitigate biofouling. In this work, performance of synthesized coating towards biofouling was studied. Hydroxyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane as hydrophobic and chitosan as hydrophilic moiety was used to synthesize the amphiphilic coating. Characterization of the prepared coating using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed heterogeneous microstructure. Antifouling performance using egg white as the protein testing probe was done as it simulates the adhesives used by biofouling organism. Resistance to protein adhesion was seen on the surface of the coating. So, the developed environmental-friendly coating can be used effectively for the mitigation of marine biofouling.
Luminescent characterization of CaMgSiO4:Dy3+phosphor for white light emitting diodes
Authors: Verma B R , Baghel R N , Bisen D P , Brahme N , Khare A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Different concentration of Dy3+ doped calcium magnesium silicate (CMS) phosphors are synthesized via solid state synthesis (SSS) method at high temperature. The structural properties are analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The surface microstructures are confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectra. The vibrational properties of the synthesized phosphor are carried out using fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra. The luminescence properties are explained in terms of photoluminescence (PL) and thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics. The PL spectra showed maximum emission intensity peaking at 484 and 578 nm, which are attributed to the 4F9/2 → 6H15/2 and4F9/2 → 6H13/2 transitions of Dy3+ ion respectively. The PL properties of the prepared phosphors are carried out at room temperature. The maximum PL intensity occurs at 0.5 mol% of doping concentrationof Dy3+ ions due to concentration quenching. The glow peak and TL parameters of the prepared phosphors are computed by means of peak shape method. The CIE color co-ordinates are originated (x= 0.3263, y= 0.3451) and correlated color temperature (CCT) are determined to be 5769 K. The results indicate that the prepared phosphor produces cool light in the white region.
Synthesis and luminescence behavior of Ba2SiO4:Dy3+ phosphors in presence of charge compensator ions
Authors: Banjare Ganesh Ram , Bisen D.P. , Brahme N. , Belodhiya Chitrkant , Upadhyay A.K. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A series of dysprosium (Dy3+) doped barium ortho-silicate (Ba2SiO4) phosphors were synthesized by conventional Solid State reaction technique. In order to find out the phase purity and crystal structure, characterization of the prepared powder samples was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. FTIR method confirms the presence of all elemental compositions. Photoluminescence (PL) properties were studied. The PL spectra was observed to study the effect of concentration of Dy3+ ion and it is found that the prepared phosphors show two strong emission peaks in the blue and yellow region at 478 nm and 573 nm, respectively, when excited by the near-ultraviolet (UV) of wavelength 348 nm. The critical distance between the Dy3+ ions was calculated using Blasse’s equation. Effect of monovalent ion K+ was examined as a charge compensator ion and observed that co-doping of charge compensator ion enhances the luminescence intensity. Chromaticity coordinates of the phosphor are found near to white light region, which confirms their applicability in solid state lighting applications; especially in white-LEDs.
Development of ZnS:Mn mechanoluminescent film for impact sensor
Authors: Jha Piyush , Khare Ayush 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper reports the elastico-Mechanoluminescence (EML) induced by the impact of a steel ball onto the composite film of ZnS:Mn phosphor. The film is prepared by pasting the mixture of ZnS:Mn phosphor and optical resin on polycarbonate substrate. The EML induced by impulsive excitation using a steel ball has been measured. The ML intensity linearly increases with square of impact velocity of the steel ball. The tm(temperature corresponding to maximum ML intensity) does not change with increasing impact velocity. The ML intensity is observed to recover after every impact of steel ball (height of fall = 20 cm) and does not require any irradiation. The outcome of present investigation is expected to be useful in extracting information about ML when a projectile with small contact area, such as steel ball makes an impact on the ML sensitive composite film.
A study on the structure-property relationship of microwave irradiated Sunn Hemp fiber reinforced polymer composite
Authors: Dash Chinmayee , Bisoyi Dillip Kumar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The current investigation has been performed on the microwave irradiated plant-derived cellulosic Sunn Hemp fiber and its composites. The fibers are pretreated by microwave irradiation at a power of 160 watts with different exposure times (2, 4, 6 and 8 minutes). The significant change in fiber and hence composite due to microwave treatment are characterized both in structural and mechanical property. A reasonable increment in cellulose crystallinity with crystallite size, rough surface with fine fibrillation in fiber may lead to improve the mechanical strength in the composite for 4min treatment. The macromolecular structure of the fiber is unaltered by the microwave radiation as indicated by Fourier Transmission Infrared Spectra.
Microbial-induced phase transition of GeO2 and its study by XRD and Raman spectrum
Authors: Golhani D K , Gopal Krishna B , Jagannadha Rao M , Khare Ayush 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we report the formation of germanium dioxide nanoparticles obtained from the action of certain microbes on Germanium crystal under low magnetic field at ambient temperature. The atomic oxygen is chemisorbed in the presence of catalyst by forming GeO2. The evolution of the Germanium dioxide from Germanium and microbes-induced phase transitions in GeO2 is studied by the means of X-ray diffraction method and Raman spectroscopy. The formation of GeO2 from Germanium is also prone to surface oxidation which may compromise surface sensitive measurements. The X-ray diffraction method is not sensitive to anharmonicity-induced dynamical effects due to which there would be a lack of clarity about the phases and transitions intervening in the phase transition of GeO2. The detection of phase transition of GeO2 was being studied by broadening and shifts of diffraction angle in X-ray diffraction. Raman scattering establish the microbial induced phase transitions and identify phases of germanium oxide. The detection of phase transition was being studied by substantial broadening and softening of Raman modes as to identify the transition regions and possible intermediate phases.
Effect of annealing on structural, morphological and optical properties of CdTe/(Cd-Zn)S thin films
Authors: Lilhare Devjyoti , Khare Ayush 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Here, we present the results of an investigation on structural, morphological and optical properties of CdTe/(Cd-Zn)S films deposited on FTO substrate through electrodeposition technique for solar cell application. The deposited films were heat-treated in the presence of CdCl2 for the recrystallization. Various techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), optical studies (absorption, transmission, band-gap and photoluminescence studies) were employed to examine the structural, morphological and optical properties. XRD spectra show the preferential orientation (111) in CdTe films. Uniform and bounded grains are observed upon annealing of the films. The changes in CdTe film were attributed to nucleation of the CdTe grains during the CdCl2 treatment. The band-gap (Eg) value for CdTe estimated from absorption spectra and corresponding Tauc’s plots comes to be ~1.50eV. Summary of results suggests that the annealing of different component films is helpful in improving solar cell performance.
Green and chemically synthesized ZnO nanoparticles: A comparative study
Authors: Upadhyay P K , Jain Vikas Kumar , Sharma Shashank , Shrivastav A K , Sharma Ravi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using plant extract is an alternative method to traditional chemical synthesis method. In the present work, we report the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) synthesized by two methods, first by green synthesis by using zinc acetate and leaves extract of Ocimum Tenuiflorum (Tulsi leaves) and secondly by chemical route method using organic capping agent. The effect of synthesis methods on structural, optical, and photoluminescence property of ZnO nanoparticle were analyzed. Formation of zinc oxide nanoparticles has been confirmed by UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The Scanning Electron Microscope reveals non spherical morphology of nanoparticles. The particle sizes of nanoparticles were calculated experimentally using XRD and SEM. The particle size measured by XRD pattern was found to be 63nm for chemically synthesized ZnO and 38nm for ZnO sample prepared by green synthesis. SEM images showed interesting flower like structure and agglomeration of nanoparticles. The blue-shift in absorption spectra was observed with reducing size of the nanoparticles. The FTIR spectra inferred that the stabilizing agent passivated the surface of the particles. The PL spectra showed blue shift for the sample prepared by green synthesis. The results suggest that ZnO sample synthesized be green route is better in comparison to the chemically synthesized samples.