bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of daily streamflow using artificial neural networks (ANNs), wavelet neural networks (WNNs), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) models
Authors: Dalkiliç Hüseyin Yıldırım , Hashimi Said Ali 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In recent years, the prediction of hydrological processes for the sustainable use of water resources has been a focus of research by scientists in the field of hydrology and water resources. Therefore, in this study, the prediction of daily streamflow using the artificial neural network (ANN), wavelet neural network (WNN) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) models were taken into account to develop the efficiency and accuracy of the models' performances, compare their results and explain their outcomes for future study or use in hydrological processes. To validate the performance of the models, 70% (1996–2007) of the data were used to train them and 30% (2008–2011) of the data were used to test them. The estimated results of the models were evaluated by the root mean square error (RMSE), determination coefficient (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe (NS), and RMSE-observation standard deviation ratio (RSR) evaluation indexes. Although the outcomes of the models were comparable, the WNN model with RMSE = 0.700, R2 = 0.971, NS = 0.927, and RSR = 0.270 demonstrated the best performance compared to the ANN and ANFIS models.
Test of transformation mechanism of food waste and its impacts on sulfide and methane production in the sewer system
Authors: Zan Feixiang , Dai Ji , Jiang Feng , Chan Richard C. , Chen Guanghao 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFood waste (FW) management has become an important issue worldwide. Diverting FW into the sewer system is considered promising to tackle the FW issue. However, the transformation of FW in sewers and its impact on the sewer process have not received adequate attention due to the overlooked sewer networks. In this study, a laboratory-scale sewer reactor system was established to investigate the transformation of FW and the production of sulfide and methane under anaerobic conditions. The transformation of FW in the sewer reactor could result in an increase in the substrate level through hydrolyzing and converting biodegradable substances into preferred substrates. Moreover, the generated substrates from the addition of FW were preferable for the metabolism of key microbes in sewer biofilms. As a result, methane production from the sewer reactor could be enhanced from the addition of FW, whereas sulfide production was not affected at a low sulfate concentration. The findings of this study suggest that the diversion of FW may exert an adverse impact on sewers and the environment in terms of greenhouse gas emission. Hence, more research is necessary to clarify the detailed impacts on FW management and wastewater treatment.
Excavaciones en la misión San Antonio de Padua, Alta California
Authors: Hoover Robert L. 
Published: April 2020

La California Polytechnic State University ha realizado estudios arqueológicos en la Misión San Antonio de Padua, ubicada en el condado de Monterrey, Alta California. El potencial arqueológico de este sitio ha permitido diseñar planes de investigación utilizados en la formación de estudiantes de antropología.En este artículo se describen detalladamente las características de los edificios y residencias que formaban la misión, así como las actividades domésticas y económicas que se llevaban a cabo en ellos. Como resultado de las excavaciones se pudo observar que las diferentes etapas en la construcción de la misión reflejan los grados de influencia y fusión entre los materiales y técnicas introducidas por los misioneros con formas y funciones indígenas, dando como producto una serie de artefactos que reflejan un sincretismo cultural español-mexicano-indígena.
Breve descripción de la comunidad Cucapá del Rio Hardy, Baja California
Authors: Bendímez Patterson Julia 
Published: April 2020

En este artículo se hace una breve descripción de la situación actual que enfrenta la comunidad cucapá El Mayor, para esto se toman en consideración algunos acontecimientos históricos, el cambio de su entorno natural y su modo de procurarse el sustento. El propósito es ilustrar el difícil reto que enfrenta en el futuro inmediato este grupo indígena ancestral.
Maternal health among working women: A case study in the Mexican-U.S. border
Authors: Ojeda de la Peña Norma , Rangel Gudelia 
Published: April 2020

This work is a description of the differences in maternal health among women of the wage-earning class along the Mexican/United States border in Tijuana, Baja California. The study analyzes the specific case of women using the services of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), breaking up the sample according to their employment and level of physical labor on the job in industrial, business, and service sectors. The study is based on information from a survey titled, "Social Conditions of Women and Reproductive Health in Tijuana".This was a post-partum survey administered to a total of 2,596 obstetrical patients seen at the Gynecology-. Obstetrics hospital of the Tijuana IMSSoffice during the spring of 1993.The results indicate differing maternal health oonditions among workers, in relation to some of the factors considered risks for infant and maternal health.
Pd (II) Immobilized on Clinoptilolite as a Highly Active Heterogeneous Catalyst for Ullmann Coupling-type S-arylation of Thiols with Aryl Halides
Authors: Alizadeh Abdollah , Khalilzadeh Mohammad A. , Alipour Eskandar , Zareyee Daryoush 
Published: April 2020

Background:
There are a number of protocols for Ullmann coupling–type S-arylation
reactions, many of them suffer from the use of homogenous and often corrosive catalyst,
cumbersome workup procedures, and long reaction times. Besides, many of these reagents are
expensive and non-recoverable, leading to the generation of a large amount of toxic waste
particularly when large-scale applications are considered.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to prepare a new Pd catalyst bonded on the surface of zeolite
as a heterogeneous catalyst.

Methods:
A heterogeneous palladium catalyst has been prepared by immobilizing Pd ions on
Clinoptilolite. This novel developed heterogeneous catalyst was thoroughly examined for Ullmann
coupling–type S-arylation reaction using different bases, solvents and 0.003 mg of the catalyst. The
structural and morphological characterizations of the catalyst were carried out using XRD, TGA,
BET and TEM techniques.

Results:
Highly efficient heterogeneous palladium catalyst has been developed by immobilizing Pd
ions on Clinoptilolite, as one of the most abundant naturally occurring zeolites for Ullmann Sarylation.
By using this method, we provide an efficient way to a wide variety of substituted thiolic
compounds. Moreover, the catalyst is easily recovered using simple filtration and reused for 5
consecutive runs.

Conclusion:
In this effort, we developed a new Pd catalyst bonded on the surface of zeolite as a
substrate to prepare the heterogeneous catalyst. We demonstrate that this novel catalyst offers
reliable and convincing data that may offer a valuable application in further developing the science
and technology of Ullmann reaction protocols and allied industries. Additionally, the catalyst was
reusable and kept its high activities over a number of cycles.
Oxidative Stress-induced Toxicity and DNA Stability in Some Agri-field Based Livestock/Insect by Widely used Pesticides
Authors: Manna Balaram , Dutta Sangita M. , Dalapati Subrata , Maiti Smarajit 
Published: April 2020

Aim and Objectives:
Humans continuously use pesticides in the field to control the pest
population and weeds for considerable agricultural productivity. Side-by species like grazinganimals,
insects and other species are adversely affected by or become resistant to pesticides. Insects,
birds and cattle are highly abundant dwellers of the agriculture-field and represent three distinct phyla
having versatile physiological features. Besides higher agricultural-productivity, protection to several
species will maintain ecological/environmental balance. Studies on the effect of widely used
pesticides on their DNA-stability and important enzymatic-activities are insufficient.

Materials and Methods:
Antioxidant-activity (Superoxide-dismutase; SOD/Catalase- by gelzymogram-
assay) and DNA-stability (fragmentation-assay) in hepatic/gut tissues were studied
after in vitro exposure of Chlorpyrifos, Fenvalerate, Nimbecidine or Azadirachtin to
goat/cow/poultry-hen/insect.

Results:
In general, all pesticides were found to impair enzymatic-activities. However, lower
organisms were affected more than higher vertebrates by azadirachtin-treatment. DNA
fragmentation was found more in insects/poultry-birds than that of the cattle in hepatic/gut tissues.
Inversely, toxicity/antioxidant marker-enzymes were more responsive in insect gut-tissues.
However, mitochondrialtoxicity revealed variable effects on different species. It has been noticed
that chlorpyrifos is the most toxic pesticide, followed by Fenvalerate/Nimbecidine (Azadirachtin,
AZT). Nevertheless, AZT revealed its higher DNA-destabilizing effects on the field-insects as
compared to the other animals.

Conclusion:
Field-insects are highly integrated into the ecosystem and the local bio-geo-chemical
cycle, which may be impaired. Pesticides may have toxic effects on higher vertebrates and may
sustain in the soil after being metabolized into their different derivatives. Some of the sensitive
biochemical parameters of this organism may be used as a biomarker for pesticide toxicity.
Analysis of Genetic Variants in SCN1A, SCN2A, KCNK18, TRPA1 and STX1A as a Possible Marker of Migraine
Authors: Kowalska Marta , Prendecki Michał , Kapelusiak-Pielok Magdalena , Grzelak Teresa , Łagan-Jędrzejczyk Urszula , Wiszniewska Małgorzata , Kozubski Wojciech , Dorszewska Jolanta 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Migraine is a polygenetic disease, considered as a channelopathy. The
dysregulation of ion functioning due to genetic changes may activate the trigeminovascular system
and induce migraine attack both migraine with aura (MA) and without aura (MO).

Objectives:
The aim of the study was to analyze the following variants of genes encoding ion channels
and associated protein: c.3199G>A SCN1A, c.56G>A SCN2A, c.28A>G and c.328T>C KCNK18,
c.3053A>G TRPA1, c.31-1811C>T STX1A in migraine patients.
Patients and Methods: The study included 170 migraine patients and 173 controls. HRMA and Sanger
sequencing were used for genotyping. Meta-analysis was performed for c.28A>G, c.328T>C
KCNK18, and c.31-1811C>T STX1A.

Patients and Methods:
The study included 170 migraine patients and 173 controls. HRMA and Sanger
sequencing were used for genotyping. Meta-analysis was performed for c.28A>G, c.328T>C
KCNK18, and c.31-1811C>T STX1A.

Results:
AA genotype of c.56G>A SCN2A was found only in migraine patients. Patients with
c.328T>C KCNK18 mutation had an increased risk of developing migraine before the age of 18.
Moreover, individuals with AA/TC haplotype of KCNK18 had higher attack frequency than those with
AA/TT (p<0.05). T allele of c.31-1811C>T STX1A was more frequent in MA patients than MO
(p<0.05). The c.3053A>G TRPA1 polymorphism was more common in patients with migraine onset
before the age of 15 (p<0.05), while c.31-1811C>T STX1A and c.3199G>A SCN1A before the age of
10 (p<0.01). Meta-analysis showed a significant association of c.31-1811C>T STX1A polymorphism
with migraine overall (OR=1.22, p=0.0086), MA, and MO. No association was found for c.28A>G
KCNK18, c.328T>C KCNK18, and migraine overall.

Conclusions:
Changes in genes encoding ion channels or proteins regulating their functioning may increase
the risk of migraines and correlate with clinical features of disease, e.g. age of onset and attack
frequency.
Pharmacological Inhibition of Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 2 (TRPM2) Channels Attenuates Diabetes-induced Cognitive Deficits in Rats: A Mechanistic Study
Authors: Thapak Pavan , Bishnoi Mahendra , Sharma Shyam S. 
Published: April 2020

Background:Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting the central nervous system. A growing body of evidence has depicted that high glucose level leads to the activation of the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) channels. However, there are no studies targeting TRPM2 channels in diabetes-induced cognitive decline using a pharmacological approach.Objective:The present study intended to investigate the effects of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), a TRPM2 inhibitor, in diabetes-induced cognitive impairment.Methods:Streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg, i.p.) was used to induce diabetes in rats. Animals were randomly divided into the treatment group, model group and age-matched control and pre se group. 2-APB treatment was given for three weeks to the animals. After 10 days of behavioural treatment, parameters were performed. Animals were sacrificed at 10th week of diabetic induction and the hippocampus and cortex were isolated. After that, protein and mRNA expression study was performed in the hippocampus. Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity was done in the cortex.Results: :Our study showed the 10th week diabetic animals developed cognitive impairment, which was evident from the behavioural parameters. Diabetic animals depicted an increase in the TRPM2 mRNA and protein expression in the hippocampus as well as increased AchE activity in the cortex. However, memory associated proteins were down-regulated, namely Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII-Thr286), glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β-Ser9), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB-Ser133), and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95). Gene expression of parvalbumin, calsequestrin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were down-regulated while mRNA level of calcineurin A/ protein phosphatase 3 catalytic subunit alpha (PPP3CA) was upregulated in the hippocampus of diabetic animals. A three-week treatment with 2-APB significantly ameliorated the alteration in behavioural cognitive parameters in diabetic rats. Moreover, 2-APB also down-regulated the expression of TRPM2 mRNA and protein in the hippocampus as well as AchE activity in the cortex of diabetic animals as compared to diabetic animals. Moreover, the 2-APB treatment also upregulated the CaMKII (Thr-286), GSK-3β (Ser9), CREB (Ser133), and PSD-95 expression and mRNA levels of parvalbumin, calsequestrin, and BDNF while mRNA level of calcineurin A was down-regulated in the hippocampus of diabetic animals.Conclusion: :This study confirms the ameliorative effect of TRPM2 channel inhibitor in the diabetes- induced cognitive deficits. Inhibition of TRPM2 channels reduced the calcium associated downstream signaling and showed a neuroprotective effect of TRPM2 channels in diabetesinduced cognitive impairment.
MiR-485-5p Promotes Neuron Survival through Mediating Rac1/Notch2 Signaling Pathway after Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion
Authors: Chen Xuan , Zhang Sumei , Shi Peipei , Su Yangli , Zhang Dong , Li Na 
Published: April 2020

Objective:
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a pathological feature of ischemic stroke.
This study investigated the regulatory role of miR-485-5p in I/R injury.

Methods:
SH-SY5Y cells were induced with oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation
(OGD/R) to mimic I/R injury in vitro. Cells were transfected with designated constructs (miR-485-
5p mimics, miR-485-5p inhibitor, lentiviral vectors overexpressing Rac1 or their corresponding
controls). Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay. The concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase,
malondialdehyde, and reactive oxygen species were detected to indicate the degree of
oxidative stress. Flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity assay were used for apoptosis assessment.
Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm that Rac family small GTPase 1 (Rac1)
was a downstream gene of miR-485-5p.

Results:
OGD/R resulted in decreased cell viability, elevated oxidative stress, increased apoptosis,
and downregulated miR-485-5p expression in SH-SY5Y cells. MiR-485-5p upregulation alleviated
I/R injury, evidenced by improved cell viability, decreased oxidative markers, and reduced apoptotic
rate. OGD/R increased the levels of Rac1 and neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2
(Notch2) signaling-related proteins in cells with normal miR-485-5p expression, whereas miR-
485-5p overexpression successfully suppressed OGD/R-induced upregulation of these proteins.
Furthermore, the delivery of vectors overexpressing Rac1 in miR-485-5p mimics-transfected cells
reversed the protective effect of miR-485-5p in cells with OGD/R-induced injury.

Conclusion:
This study showed that miR-485-5p protected cells following I/R injury via targeting
Rac1/Notch2 signaling suggest that targeted upregulation of miR-485-5p might be a promising
therapeutic option for the protection against I/R injury.
Enzyme Inhibition, Kinetic, and Molecular Docking Studies of α-glucosidase
Authors: Moghadam Ebrahim S. , Faramarzi Mohammad A. , Imanparast Somayeh , Amini Mohsen 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important global health problem especially in
developed countries and insufficient lifestyle induces this phenomenon. Finding efficient treatment
for DM is an interesting goal for researchers.

Objective:
Herein we tried to design and synthesize a series of quinazoline derivatives and investigate
their bioactivity as possible α-Glucosidase inhibitor agents.

Method:
Compounds 1-14 were synthesized using a multicomponent reaction. 1HNMR, 13C NMR,
MS, and IR spectroscopy were used for the characterization of synthesized compounds. α-
Glucosidase inhibitory activity of compounds 1-14 was evaluated using p-nitrophenyl‐α‐Dglucopyranoside
(pNPG) as a substrate of the α-glucosidase enzyme (EC3.2.1.20, Saccharomyces
cerevisiae). The mechanism of inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme was investigated using kinetic
studies. Molecular docking was also done using autodock software to find the possible mode of interaction
of compound 8 and the enzyme active site.

Results:
Most of the tested compounds showed higher activity in inhibition of the enzyme in comparison
to the standard, acarbose. Compound 8 exerted the best activity with the IC50 value of 291.5
μM. A kinetic study indicated a competitive inhibition of the α-glucosidase enzyme by compound 8.
Finally, docking studies showed the interactions between compound 8 and enzyme active site residues.

Conclusion:
2,4-Diarylquinazoline scaffold has good antidiabetic activity, so it is interesting to synthesize
more 2,4-diarylquinazoline derivatives and evaluate their antidiabetic activities.
Method Development of Clarithromycin by Chromophore Addition through Chemical Derivatization
Authors: Abualhasan Murad , Qato Amal , Qrareya Salam , Khassib Tasneem 
Published: April 2020

Introduction:
Clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that is active against a variety of
microorganisms. It is widely used in the local and international market in different
pharmaceutical dosage forms. However, its chemical structure lacks a chromophore and hence it
has a low absorption and this makes it more difficult to be detected at low concentrations. In this
research project we proposed an easy and feasible chemical derivatization of clarithromycin to
introduce a chromophore in order to increase its absorptivity at low concentration using a simple
reverse phase HPLC analytical method.

Methodology:
Chemical derivatization of clarithromycin involved an introduction of benzoyl
groups as a chromophore through esterification reaction. A reverse phase analytical HPLC
method was developed to quantify clarithromycin at a very low concentration compared to the
standard official pharmacopeia.

Results:
Clarithromycin was successfully derivatized and a hyperchromic and bathochromic shift to
UV absorption lambda max (λmax) was achieved (λmax = 245nm.) A successful chromatographic
separation was obtained using reverse phase HPLC chromatography. The developed method was
capable of detecting and quantifying clarithromycin at very low concentration. The Limit of
Quantification (LOD) and Limit of Quantification (LOQ) was found to be 2*10-8 mg/ml and 2*10-6
mg/ml respectively.

Conclusion:
Clarithromycin was successfully derivatized to a chromophore containing
molecule. The developed reverse phase HPLC method is capable to detect and quantify
clarithromycin at a very low concentration. The method can successfully quantify
clarithromycine when present in low concentration such as in biological and enviromental
samples.
Patient Perceptions of Video Visits Using Veterans Affairs Telehealth Tablets: Survey Study
Authors: Slightam Cindie , Gregory Amy J , Hu Jiaqi , Jacobs Josephine , Gurmessa Tolessa , Kimerling Rachel , Blonigen Daniel , Zulman Donna M 
Published: April 2020

Background
Video-based health care can help address access gaps for patients and is rapidly being offered by health care organizations. However, patients who lack access to technology may be left behind in these initiatives. In 2016, the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) began distributing video-enabled tablets to provide video visits to veterans with health care access barriers.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate veterans’ experiences with VA-issued tablets and identify patient characteristics associated with preferences for video visits vs in-person care.

Methods
A baseline survey was sent to the tablet recipients, and a follow-up survey was sent to the respondents 3 to 6 months later. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify patient characteristics associated with preferences for care, and we examined qualitative themes around care preferences using standard content analysis methods for coding the data collected in the open-ended questions.

Results
Patient-reported access barriers centered around transportation and health-related challenges, outside commitments, and feeling uncomfortable or uneasy at the VA. Satisfaction with the tablet program was high, and in the follow-up survey, approximately two-thirds of tablet recipients preferred care via a tablet (194/604, 32.1%) or expressed that video-based and in-person care were “about the same” (216/604, 35.7%), whereas one-third (192/604, 31.7%) indicated a preference for in-person care. Patients were significantly more likely to report a preference for video visits (vs a preference for in-person visits or rating them “about the same”) if they felt uncomfortable in a VA setting, reported a collaborative communication style with their doctor, had a substance use disorder diagnosis, or lived in a place with better broadband coverage. Patients were less likely to report a preference for video visits if they had more chronic conditions. Qualitative analyses identified four themes related to preferences for video-based care: perceived improvements in access to care, perceived differential quality of care, feasibility of obtaining necessary care, and technology-related challenges.

Conclusions
Many recipients of VA-issued tablets report that video care is equivalent to or preferred to in-person care. Results may inform efforts to identify good candidates for virtual care and interventions to support individuals who experience technical challenges.