bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estudos longitudinais sobre desenvolvimento moral de adolescentes: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Abreu Eloá Losano de , Alencar Thalita Lays Fernandes de 
Published: March 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura para verificar como o método longitudinal tem sido aplicado em estudos sobre o desenvolvimento moral de adolescentes. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados PsycINFO e Periódicos Capes, utilizando termos como moralidade, adolescente e desenvolvimento moral. Foram identificados 6.229 artigos, dos quais 13 foram selecionados considerando critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Todos os artigos foram publicados entre os anos de 2008 e 2015. Os estudos apresentaram perspectivas teóricas diversas, abordando temas como formação da identidade, socialização, empatia, comprometimento religioso, e o julgamento moral. Ainda, identificou-se que os estudos analisaram um grande número de variáveis operacionalizadas. Observou-se que os estudos tiveram duração curta, utilizando de duas a três medidas, com pequeno intervalo de tempo entre elas. Todos os estudos efetuaram análises estatísticas avançadas. Concluiu-se que existe a necessidade de aperfeiçoar e incentivar o uso de estudos longitudinais sobre a moralidade.
Painful Proximally Oriented Large Heterotopic Spur Formation in an Active Adult With a Nontraumatic Amputation
Authors: Annunziato Jack , Shor Daniel , Parikh Shailesh 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is excess bone growth in soft tissues, typically juxta-articular and interfascicular, with varying incidence. This excess bone growth has been well-documented in cases of traumatic amputation but less frequently observed in cases of nontraumatic amputation. Symptomatic heterotopic ossification usually includes pain during prosthetic use with management involving prosthetic adjustments for comfort. This atypical case highlights a patient with a nontraumatic amputation and a proximal-oriented large spur formation that was not painful with ambulation but with doffing his prosthesis.
Evaluation of a type 2 modified live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome vaccine against heterologous challenge of a lineage 3 highly virulent isolate in pigs
Authors: Hou Fu-Hsiang , Lee Wei-Cheng , Liao Jiunn-Wang , Chien Maw-Sheng , Kuo Chih-Jung , Chung Han-Ping , Chia Min-Yuan 
Published: March 2020

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most common diseases in the global swine industry. PRRSV is characterized by rapid mutation rates and extensive genetic divergences. It is divided into two genotypes, which are composed of several distinct sub-lineages. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the cross-protective efficacy of Fostera PRRS MLV, an attenuated lineage 8 strain, against the heterologous challenge of a lineage 3 isolate. Eighteen pigs were randomly divided into mock, MLV and unvaccinated (UnV) groups. The pigs in the MLV group were administered Fostera PRRS vaccine at 3 weeks of age and both the MLV and UnV groups were inoculated with a virulent PRRSV isolate at 7 weeks. Clinically, the MLV group showed a shorter duration and a lower magnitude of respiratory distress than the UnV group. The average days of fever in the MLV group was 3.0 ± 0.5, which was significantly lower than the 6.2 ± 0.5 days of the UnV group (P < 0.001). The average daily weight gains of the mock, MLV and UnV groups were 781 ± 31, 550 ± 44 and 405 ± 26 g/day, respectively, during the post-challenge phase. The pathological examinations revealed that the severity of interstitial pneumonia in the MLV group was milder compared to the UnV group. Furthermore, PRRSV viremia titers in the MLV pigs were consistently lower (101−101.5 genomic copies) than those of the UnV pigs from 4 to 14 DPC. In conclusion, vaccination with Fostera PRRS MLV confers partial cross-protection against heterologous challenge of a virulent lineage 3 PRRSV isolate.
Effects of Potassium on the Growth, Yield and Physico-chemical Properties of Three Garden Pea (Pisum sativum) Varieties
Authors: Akter N. , Ali M. M. , Akter M. M. , Hossain M. M. , Hossan M. S. , Khan M. A. 
Published: March 2020

An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Research Farm, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh during November 2015 to March 2016 to find out the effects of potassium on the growth, yield and physico-chemical properties of three garden pea (Pisum sativum) varieties. The experiment comprise three Garden pea varieties viz. V1 = IPSA Motorshuti-3, V2 = Broad Bean Master Piece and V3 = BARI Motorshuti-1 and four levels of potassium viz. K0 (Control), K1 (25 kg ha-1), K2 (50 kg ha-1) and K3 and (75 kg ha-1), respectively. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results of the experiment reviled that K nutrition and genotypic variation significantly (p < 0.05) determined the yield of the garden pea. Different levels of potassium had significant influences on almost all the parameters studied these three varieties. Maximum plant height (166.67 cm), branches plant-1 (7.00), pods plant-1 (39.00), sugar content (15.40%) was obtained from V1K2 (IPSA Motorshuti-3 with 50 kg K2O ha-1) treatment. Whereas highest pod length (8.533 cm), pod breadth (9.47 mm), number of seeds pod-1 (8.67), green seed weight (305.00 g), Magnesium content, (0.29%) was obtained under the treatment V2K2 (Broad Bean Masterpiece with 50 kg K2O ha-1). The maximum green pod yield (12.78 t ha-1), calcium content (0. 20%), vitamin- A (1.03 mg/kg), was obtained from V3K2 (BARI Motorshuti -1 with 50 kg K2O ha-1).
Phytochemical and Phytomineral Status of Spigelia anthelmia Linn Leaves
Authors: Awotedu O. L. , Ogunbamowo P. O. , Ariwoola O. S. , Chukwudebe E. P. 
Published: March 2020

Aims: Spigelia anthelmia is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of diverse diseases and contain plant-based natural bio-active constituents.
Study Design: Phytochemical and mineral analysis of Spigelia anthelmia leaves using standard analytical procedures.
Place and Duration of Study: Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, between May 2019 and July 2019.
Methodology: Phytochemical and phytomineral status of Spigelia anthelmia leaves were investigated using standard analytical procedures. Phytochemicals screening/analysis examined include; alkaloids, flavonoids, saponin, tannin, phenolics, cardiac glycosides, phlobatannin and terpenoids. The atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to determine the minerals which are calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu), while flame photometer was used in determining potassium (K) and sodium (Na). Data were presented using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation).
Results: Result indicates the presence of phytochemicals in the leaves of S. anthelmia, the quantitative analysis shows: alkaloid (2.34mg/100g), flavonoid (6.13mg/100g), saponin (18.12mg/100g), tannin (9.61mg/100g), phenol (4.61mg/100g), cardiac glycosides (1.89mg/100g), terpenoids (0.98mg/100g) and phlobatannin (0.32mg/100g). The macro elements reveals Na (0.022%), K (0.23%), Ca (0.48%), Mg (0.15%), P (0.035%), while the micro element shows that Fe (0.19%), Mn (0.003%), Cu (0.001%), Zn (0.004%).
Conclusion: The result suggests that S. anthelmia has a strong pharmacological prowess and could be used in the prevention and treatment of various health-related diseases.
Experiences and opinions of health professional students participating in an opioid use disorder educational event
Authors: Winstanley Erin L. , Baugh Gina M. , Garofoli Mark , Muzyk Andrew J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe objectives of this study were to describe health professional students' experiences and opinions about patients with opioid-use disorder (OUD), to summarize evaluation results from an OUD educational event and to compare results by sex, discipline, and clinical experience.MethodsThe OUD educational event lasted 75 minutes and covered the epidemiology of the opioid epidemic, evidence-based prevention and treatment services, stigma, and recommendations on how to improve care. An anonymous pre-event survey collected information on attendees' experiences and opinions about patients with OUD. The postevent survey collected information on the attendees' evaluation of the event.ResultsForty percent of students reported having a friend or family member who has/had an OUD. A minority (29.1%) reported that they would be uncomfortable working with patients with OUD or would prefer not to interact with patients with OUD (27.7%). Overall, the event evaluation results were very positive, and 85.5% reported that the information would change or influence their clinical practices. The open-ended responses found that the content was informative (n = 36); the attendees liked the inclusion of statistics (n = 19) and that the content was locally focused (n = 13).DiscussionHealth professional students participating in this event had fewer negative opinions of patients with OUD than previous research has found, and this may, in part, be explained by their personal experiences. Overall, health professional students want to learn more about patients with OUD.
Impact of a urinary tract infection diagnostic and treatment algorithm for psychiatric inpatients with a communication barrier
Authors: Rarrick Christine , Leschorn Hannah , Hebbard Amy 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Differentiating between a urinary tract infection and asymptomatic bacteriuria is an important distinction to make, especially in noncommunicative patients. An algorithm meant to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections in this population was implemented within a psychiatric emergency department in January 2019. The primary objective of this project was to assess the impact of the algorithm (the intervention) regarding symptom documentation and antibiotic use. Secondary objectives included assessing changes in inappropriate prescribing and urine culture orders.

Methods
Preintervention outcomes were measured from August 1, 2018, through November 30, 2018, while the postintervention cohort included patients admitted after January 31, 2019 and discharged before June 1, 2019. Adults admitted to psychiatry with a urinalysis ordered in the emergency department and an ICD-10 code representing dementia, delirium, autism spectrum disorder, or intellectual disability were included; pregnant patients were excluded.

Results
The preintervention (n = 56) and postintervention (n = 34) cohorts were well balanced with an average age of 66.5 and 70 years, respectively. Neurocognitive disorder was the diagnosis for inclusion in approximately two-thirds of both groups. Numerically, postalgorithm implementation, symptoms were documented more frequently (20.6% vs 10.7%, P = .23) and antibiotics used less often (2.9% vs 14.3%, P = .15). Inappropriate prescribing occurred in 12.5% of preintervention cohort compared to no patients postintervention (P = .04).

Discussion
The creation and implementation of an algorithm assisting in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections in noncommunicative patients was associated with a trend toward increased symptom documentation and decreased overall antibiotic use, and significantly increased appropriate antibiotic prescribing.
Intentional ingestion of hand sanitizer in an adult psychiatric unit
Authors: Stevens Debra L. , Hix Meri 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Intentional ingestion of ethanol- or isopropanol-based hand sanitizer has been reported in the literature in a variety of settings within the health care system. Specifically in psychiatric units, case reports have only described ingestion of ethanol-based products. This report describes a case of intentional ingestion of isopropanol-based hand sanitizer by a patient while hospitalized on a psychiatric unit. The patient developed acute respiratory failure, acute kidney injury, and metabolic encephalopathy and was treated for 3 days in the intensive care unit before returning to the psychiatric unit. This case highlights the process of identifying suspected ingestion while hospitalized. In any patient who has a sudden change in level of consciousness, clinicians should consider the potential for ingestion of ethanol- or isopropanol-based hand sanitizer. Facilities should be aware of how accessible hand sanitizer is, particularly in areas with patients who have a history of substance dependence.
Creation and implementation of a urinary tract infection diagnostic and treatment algorithm for psychiatric inpatients with a communication barrier
Authors: Rarrick Christine , Hebbard Amy 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is considered a common cause of mental status changes, particularly in elderly patients and patients with a psychiatric condition. Genitourinary symptoms are essential to confirm UTI diagnosis but may be unobtainable in patients with a communication barrier. Sparse guidance suggests assessing specific symptoms that do not rely on patient report. The primary objective of this project was to provide assistance in diagnosis and treatment of UTIs in noncommunicative patients through the creation of an algorithm.

Algorithm Creation and Implementation
Through extensive interdisciplinary collaboration, the authors developed criteria to identify UTI symptoms that do not require communication. In order to make the algorithm comprehensive, we chose to include general information related to UTI diagnosis and treatment. The algorithm was implemented within the psychiatric emergency department as this is where patients are evaluated to determine need for psychiatric admission. Providers in the psychiatric emergency department were provided with detailed education on the algorithm as well as information about UTI diagnosis and treatment.

Discussion
Creating an algorithm within our institution required significant interdisciplinary collaboration. Providers were receptive to and appreciative of a comprehensive resource to assist in this difficult clinical situation. The authors plan to study the effects of algorithm implementation, specifically assessing changes in symptom documentation and antibiotic use.
From Digital Cities to Biocities: Harnessing the Power of the Digital Revolution to Reinvent the Urban Ecology Model
Authors: Guallart Vicente 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe transition from 20th‐century fossil‐fuel consumption and pollution to green, carbon‐negative cities is aided not just by biophilic design, but also by digital techniques. Vicente Guallart, former Chief Architect of Barcelona and founder of the Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia (IAAC) and Fab Lab Barcelona, illustrates this new natural/digital urban synthesis with his own practice's competition‐ winning design for a green district, Xianmihu, in Shenzhen, China.
Phenotypic variability and mutation hotspot in COX15‐related Leigh syndrome
Authors: Halperin Daniel , Drabkin Max , Wormser Ohad , Yogev Yuval , Dolgin Vadim , Shorer Zamir , Gradstein Libe , Shelef Ilan , Flusser Hagit , Birk Ohad S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCOX15 mutations were shown to underlie Leigh syndrome (LS), a progressive subacute necrotizing encephalopathy caused by defects in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Here, two siblings of consanguineous kindred presented in infancy with a syndrome of hypotonia, nystagmus, psychomotor retardation, and pyramidal signs. Toward the end of their second year, both patients developed progressive quadriparesis, convulsions, and pseudobulbar palsy. Similar to two previously reported cases, one of the two affected siblings had severe hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, hearing loss, and no visual response. Through linkage analysis and whole‐exome sequencing, we identified a homozygous p.R217W mutation in Cytochrome C oxidase assembly protein COX15 homolog. Consistent with the known heterogeneity of mitochondrial diseases in general and that of LS in particular, several phenotypic features were markedly distinguished between the affected siblings and in relation to previous reports of COX15 mutations. Interestingly, of the previously reported five cases of COX15‐mutated patients, all of different ethnic origins, three had a p.R217W mutation. We highlight p.R217W as a hotspot mutation in COX15 and delineate the phenotypic variability, both between the patients we describe and in all cases reported to date.
Metal–Organic Framework‐Derived Carbon Nanorods Encapsulating Bismuth Oxides for Rapid and Selective CO2 Electroreduction to Formate
Authors: Deng Peilin , Yang Fan , Wang Zhitong , Chen Shenghua , Zhou Yinzheng , Zaman Shahid , Xia Bao Yu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) conversion is promising in alleviating the excessive CO2 level and simultaneously producing valuables. This work reports the preparation of carbon nanorods encapsulated bismuth oxides for the efficient CO2 electroconversion toward formate production. This resultant catalyst exhibits a small onset potential of −0.28 V vs. RHE and partial current density of over 200 mA cm−2 with a stable and high Faradaic efficiency of 93 % for formate generation in a flow cell configuration. Electrochemical results demonstrate the synergistic effect in the Bi2O3@C promotes the rapid and selective CO2 reduction in which the Bi2O3 is beneficial for improving the reaction kinetics and formate selectivity, while the carbon matrix would be helpful for enhancing the activity and current density of formate production. This work provides effective bismuth‐based MOF derivatives for efficient formate production and offers insights in promoting practical CO2 conversion technology.
Transfer learning in spatial–temporal forecasting of the solar magnetic field
Authors: Covas Eurico 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMachine learning techniques have been widely used in attempts to forecast several solar datasets such as the sunspot count, the sunspot area, flare activity, solar wind magnitude, and solar storms/coronal mass ejections (CMEs) activity. Most of these approaches employ supervised machine learning algorithms which are, in general, very data hungry. This hampers the attempts to forecast some of these data series, particularly the ones that depend on (relatively) recent space observations such as those obtained by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory and the Solar Dynamics Observatory. Here we focus on an attempt to forecast the solar surface longitudinally averaged unsigned radial component (or line‐of‐sight) magnetic field distribution using a form of spatial–temporal neural networks. Given that the recording of these spatial–temporal datasets only started in 1975 and are therefore quite short, the forecasts are predictably quite modest. However, given that there is a potential physical relationship between sunspots and the magnetic field, we employ another machine learning technique called transfer learning which has recently received considerable attention in the literature. Here, this approach consists in first training the source spatial–temporal neural network on the much longer time/latitude sunspot area dataset, which starts in 1874, then transferring the trained set of layers to a target network, and continue training the latter on the magnetic field dataset. The employment of transfer learning in the field of computer vision is known to obtain a generalized set of feature filters that can be reused for other datasets and tasks. Here we obtain a similar result, whereby we first train the network on the spatial–temporal sunspot area data, then the first few layers of the neural network are able to identify the two main features of the solar cycle, that is, the amplitude variation and the migration to the equator, and therefore can be used to train on the magnetic field dataset and forecast better than a prediction based only on the historical magnetic field
data.
Metal‐Mediated Base Pairing of Rigid and Flexible Benzaldoxime Metallacycles
Authors: Maity Sajal , Hande Madhuri , Lönnberg Tuomas 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOligonucleotides incorporating a central C‐nucleoside with either a rigid or flexible benzaldoxime base moiety have been synthesized, and the hybridization properties of their metallacyclic derivatives have been studied by UV melting experiments. In all cases, the metallated duplexes were less stable than their unmetallated counterparts, and the metallacyclic nucleobases did not show a clear preference for any of the canonical nucleobases as a base‐pairing partner. With palladated oligonucleotides, increased flexibility translated to less severe destabilization, whereas the opposite was true for the mercurated oligonucleotides; this reflects the greater difficulties in accommodating a rigid PdII‐mediated base pair than a rigid HgII‐mediated base pair within the base stack of a double helix.
Synthesis, Derivatization and Photochemical Control of ortho‐Functionalized Tetrachlorinated Azobenzene‐Modified siRNAs
Authors: Hammill Matthew L. , Islam Golam , Desaulniers Jean‐Paul 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe report the chemical synthesis and derivatization of an ortho‐functionalized tetrachlorinated azobenzene diol. A 4′,4‐dimethoxytrityl (DMT) phosphoramidite was synthesized for its site‐specific incorporation within the sense strand of an siRNA duplex to form ortho‐functionalized tetrachlorinated azobenzene‐containing siRNAs (Cl‐siRNAzos). Compared to a non‐halogenated azobenzene, ortho‐functionalized tetrachlorinated azobenzenes are capable of red‐shifting the π→π* transition from the ultraviolet (UV) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum into the visible range. Within this visible range, the azobenzene molecule can be reliably converted from trans to cis with red light (660 nm), and converted back to trans with violet wavelength light (410 nm) and/or thermal relaxation. We also report the gene‐silencing ability of these Cl‐siRNAzos in cell culture as well as their reversible control with visible light for up to 24 hours.
Interaction of heparin and tetraarginine in capillary electrophoresis: Implication for analytical applications
Authors: Krizek Tomas , Molnarova Katarina , Pavlu Vera , Filounova Barbora , Martinkova Eva 
Published: March 2020

AbstractInteractions between heparin and tetraarginine in an acidic background electrolyte were investigated in capillary electrophoresis. The results showed that tetraarginine and heparin form a stable complex that migrates toward the anode immediately after coming into contact. When a zone of tetraarginine at a mg/mL concentration level passes through a zone of heparin at a μg/mL concentration level, tetraarginine is gradually removed by the formation of the complex that migrates in the opposite direction, thereby decreasing the tetraarginine peak area. The variation of the tetraarginine peak area as a function of the unfractionated heparin concentration was linear within the range 2–20 μg/mL, which enables us to detect and determine heparin concentrations undetectable with a UV detector. The same behavior was confirmed for low molecular weight heparin.