bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of different levels of weight loss on clinical outcomes in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome underwent assisted reproduction
Authors: Li Yu-mei , Hu Shimin , He Fangfang , Liu Donge 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background

PCOS patient with a body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg / m2 have been withhold fertility treatment in the absence of weight loss by the National Health Service,there is a lack of appropriately powered studies to explore the relationships between weight loss level and the clinical improvement in obese PCOS women undergoing ART.

Objective

To evaluate the effect of weight loss levels on clinical outcomes in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) scheduled for assisted reproduction.

Methods

We conducted a non-randomized controlled clinical trial on 471 patients to compare the live birth rate and clinical pregnancy rate of the two groups. 395 patients received weight loss interventions before assisted reproduction (intervention group), 76 patients underwent assisted reproduction directly (nonintervention group).

Results

Compared to nonintervention group, the body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower (27.30 ± 2.63 vs. 30.13 ± 2.45, p= 0.013) before embryo transfer, the rate of clinical pregnancy and live birth were significantly higher (46.6% vs. 34.2%, p=0.047; 43.4% vs. 27.6%, p=0.017) in intervention group; Compared to patients with weight loss ≥ 15%, live birth rate (OR=1.312, 95% CI: 0.699, 2.461, p = 0.398) and clinical pregnancy rate (OR= 1.77, 95% CI: 0.622, 2.229, p = 0.617) were not significantly increased in women with weight loss in the range of(≥10%, < 15%); but were significantly lower in patients with weight loss < 10%. Miscarriage rates were not significantly different among patients with every weight loss level.

Conclusion

Preconception weight loss could benefit the clinical outcomes, a target goal of ≥ 10% weight loss may recommend for obese women with PCOS before assisted reproduction.
Polymorphism in the progesterone receptor promoter gene in endometrial cancer alters its expression
Authors: Xiao Zhengwu , Xiang Huahua , Zhou Jing , Zhou Chen , Guo Zifen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of progesterone receptor (PGR) promoter +331G/A polymorphism on the mRNA and protein expression of its two isoforms, PRA and PRB, in healthy control women and women with endometrial cancer. To evaluate the relative occurrence of +331G/A polymorphism, the PGR gene promoter in the whole blood of 66 healthy volunteers and 62 endometrial cancer patients was genotyped. The results demonstrate that the frequency of GG and the overall frequency of the G allele were >90% in both populations. The GA+AA genotypes were more common in the healthy control group than in the endometrial cancer group, though the differences were not statistically significant. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis results showed that the mRNA and protein levels of both PRB and PRA were significantly lower in endometrium from cancer patients than in normal endometrium tissue. Furthermore, among individuals with endometrial cancer, those with the +331 G/A polymorphism expressed higher mRNA levels of the PRA isoform and higher protein levels of the PRB isoform. Therefore, our findings suggest that patients with endometrial cancer express less PGR and that the mRNA and protein expression of PRA and PRB may be altered due to 331G/A PGR gene polymorphism.
Toluene Biodegradation using a Lab-Scale Biofilter Inoculated with Pseudomonas Putida PTCC 1694
Authors: Ghasemi Roohollah , golbabaei farideh , Pourmand Mohammad Reza , Rezaei Sasan , Jafari Mohammad Javad , Nabizadeh Ramin , Masoorian Ensieh 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Biomanipulation is reliable method for treating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in polluted air. The performances of two biofilters in the removal of toluene vapors from air stream were compared. Two identical biofilters designed in parallel configuration were operated in lab-scale for 20 days; one of them was filled by sterilized media (compost and wood charcoal 2:1 v/v) and another was filled by the same media inoculated with Pseudomonas putida PTCC 1694, as a native strain. Moreover, batch tests were performed to determine the biodegradation rate of toluene. The results showed that, in comparison with the sterilized BF (89% vs 58%), the inoculated BF could effectively eliminate toluene from air stream. The pressure drop across the inoculated BF and the sterilized BF were 0.66±0.28 and 0.47±0.27 mm water respectively. The batch test results showed that loss of toluene in the control bottles was greater than the blanks. Based on the experimental results, inoculated BFs can effectively treat toluene vapors from gaseous streams.
Highly expressed IMP3 and GLUT-1 in combination with the loss of BAP1 expression is useful for differentiating malignant mesothelioma from reactive mesothelial hyperplasia
Authors: Zhu Hongjun , Hu Qing , Jiang Daishan , Huang Hua , Liu Jian , Zhang Jianguo , Bian Tingting , Liu Yifei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Our study aims to evaluate how IHC staining of BRCA1 associated protein-1 (BAP1), insulin-like growth factor mRNA binding protein 3 (IMP3), and glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) can help to differentiate MM from reactive mesothelial hyperplasia (RMH). Methods The expression levels of BAP1, IMP3, and GLUT-1 were investigated using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 38 MMs and 32 RMHs. Results BAP1 was lost in 20 (52.6%) of the 38 MMs. IMP3 and GLUT-1 were positive in 26 (68.4%) and 25 (65.8%), respectively, of the 38 MMs. The results of IHC analyses of BAP1, IMP3, and GLUT-1 indicated that these markers were characterized by a 100% specificity with sensitivities of 52.63, 68.42, and 65.79%, respectively. In addition, BAP1, IMP3, and GLUT-1 combined showed 100% specificity and the highest sensitivity (81.58%). Meanwhile, loss of BAP1 expression is related to a better prognosis. Conclusions Overexpressed IMP3 and GLUT-1 in combination with the loss of BAP1 showed high specificity to MM that was different from that in RMH and improved diagnostic accuracy, especially in MM.
Links between the amount of antipsychotic medication prescribed per population at general practice level, local demographic factors and medication selection
Authors: Heald Adrian Hugh , Stedman Mike , Farman Sanam , Khine Chaw , Davies Mark , de Hert Marc , Taylor David 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND Antipsychotic medications are the first-line pharmacological intervention for severe mental illnesses(SMI) such as schizophrenia and other psychoses, while also being used to relieve distress and treat neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia. Since 2014 many antipsychotic agents have moved to generic provision. In 2017_18 supplies of certain generic agents were affected by substantial price increases. Our aim was to examine factors relating to antipsychotic prescribing in general practices across England and how cost changes in recent years have impacted. METHODS The study examined over time the prescribing volume/prices paid for antipsychotic medication by agent in primary care. The NHS in England/Wales publishes each month the prescribing in general practice by BNF code. This was aggregated for the year 2018_19 using Defined Daily doses (DDD). Cost of each agent year-on-year was determined. Monthly prescribing in primary care was consolidated over 5 years(2013-2018) and DDD amount from WHO/ATC for each agent was used to convert the amount to total DDD/practice. RESULTS Description We included 5,750 general practices with practice population >3000 and with >30 people on their SMI register. In 2018_19 there were 10,360,865 prescriptions containing 136 million DDD with costs of £110 million at an average cost of £0.81/DDD issued in primary care. Effect of price In 2017_18 there was a sharp increase in overall prices. There was a gradual increase in antipsychotic prescribing over 2013-2019 which was not perturbed by the drug price increase in 2017/18. Regression Demographic factors The strongest positive relation to increased prescribing of antipsychotics came from higher social disadvantage, higher population density(urban), and comorbidities e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Higher %younger and %older populations, northerliness and non-white (Black and Minority Ethnic (BME)) ethnicity were all independently associated with less antipsychotic prescribing. Prescribing Factors Higher DDD/general practice population was linked with higher %injectable, higher %liquid, higher doses/prescription and higher %zuclopenthixol depot. Less DDD/population was linked with general practices using higher %risperidone and higher spending/dose of antipsychotic. CONCLUSIONS Levels of antipsychotic prescribing at general practice level are driven by social factors/comorbidities. We found a contrasting link between depot prescriptions with higher DDD and risperidone prescriptions with lower DDD.
Clinical Evaluation of Toric Intraocular Lens Implantation Based on iTrace Wavefront Keratometric Astigmatism
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Li Hui , Zhou Jing , Zhang Yaqin , Zhang Suhua 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: There was no standard technique for measuring corneal astigmatism. The iTrace wavefront aberrometry of cornea calculated steep power and axis based on the best Zernike mathematical fit from all topo data within 4 mm circle. It was supposed to be more accurate than iTrace simulated keratometry which was calculated based on only 4 points on the circle of 3 mm. This study evaluated visual outcomes, rotational stability after performing toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation planning based on the wavefront aberrometry of the cornea with iTrace. Setting: Single site in China, Shanxi Eye Hospital, Shanxi, China. Design: Prospective case series. Methods ： The study included 85 eyes of 63 patients undergoing phacoemulsification and toric IOL implantation. The IOL power and cylinders were chosen with the help of the iTrace toric planning program using wavefront keratometric astigmatism. Over a 3-month follow-up period, astigmatic changes were assessed using the Alpins vector method. Results ： Preoperative mean corneal topographic astigmatism was 1.91 diopters (D) ± 0.69 (standard deviation). Postoperative mean refractive astigmatism decreased significantly to 0.48 D ± 0.34. Surgical induced astigmatism was 1.73 D ± 0.77 and the mean correction index was 0.89 ± 0.22, showing a slight undercorrection. The proportion of astigmatism ≤ 0.50 D increased from 0 to 71.8% postoperatively. Conclusions ： This is the first study evaluating the clinical outcomes of using iTrace wavefront keratometric readings to plan a toric IOL implantation. The findings show that the iTrace built-in toric calculator with wavefront keratometric astigmatism for toric IOL planning is safe and effective.
VALENCIA: A nearest centroid classification method for vaginal microbial communities based on composition
Authors: France Michael , Ma Bing , Gajer Pawel , Brown Sarah , Humphrys Mike S. , Holm Johanna B. , Brotman Rebecca M , Ravel Jacques 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Taxonomic profiles of vaginal microbial communities can be sorted into a discrete number of categories termed Community State Types (CSTs). This approach is advantageous because collapsing a hyper dimensional taxonomic profile into a single categorical variable enables efforts such as data exploration, epidemiological studies and statistical modeling. Vaginal communities are typically assigned to CSTs based on the results of hierarchical clustering of the pairwise distances between samples. However, this approach is problematic because it complicates between-study comparisons and because the results are entirely dependent on the particular set of samples that were analyzed. We sought to standardize and advance the assignment of samples to CSTs.Results: We developed VALENCIA (VAginaL community state typE Nearest CentroId clAssifier), a nearest centroid based tool which classifies samples based on their similarity to a set of reference centroids. The references were defined using a comprehensive set of 13,160 taxonomic profiles from 1,975 women in the United States. This large dataset allowed us to comprehensively identify, define, and characterize vaginal CSTs common to reproductive age women, and expand upon the CSTs that had been defined in previous studies. We validated the broad applicability of VALENCIA for the classification of vaginal microbial communities by using it to classify three test datasets which included reproductive age African women, adolescent girls, and menopausal women. VALENCIA performed well on all three datasets despite the substantial variations in sequencing strategies and bioinformatics pipelines, indicating its broad application to vaginal microbiota. We further describe the relationships between community characteristics (vaginal pH, Nugent score) and participant demographics (race, age) and the CSTs defined by VALENCIA. Conclusion: VALENCIA provides a much-needed solution for the robust and reproducible assignment of vaginal community state types. This will allow unbiased analysis of both small and large vaginal microbiota datasets, comparisons between datasets and meta-analyses that combine multiple datasets.
Preparation and Application of Keggin Silicomolybdic acid Modified Electrode
Authors: Liu Miao , Jia Mingxuan , Li Dong Hui 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
An innovative method for the determination of isoniazid tablets is studied through electrochemical method for the modification of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Polyoxomolybdate, with stable structures, has not been widely used for the determination of substance. In this study, the mentioned polyoxomolybdate was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-vis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and used to modify the glassy carbon electrode. The electrochemical performance of the polyoxomolybdate@GCE was investigated with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), compared with the unmodified electrode, the proposed polyoxomolybdate modified electrode exhibited strong electro-catalytic activities towards isoniazid (INH). Under the optimized conditions, there was linear relationships between the DPV peak currents and the concentrations in the range of 1 × 10 -7 g/L to 3 × 10 -7 g/L for INH (R 2 = 0.9979), with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.024 μg/L (based on S/N = 3). The modified electrode has proper reproducibility (RSD < 5%), stability, response time (< 3 min) and lifetime (up to 6 days).
A Case of 2:1 Atrio-Ventricular Block- Unravelled by Exercise Testing
Authors: Kalavakolanu Sharada Sivaram , Balakrishnan Madan Mohan , Venkatarama Deepesh 
Published: February 2020

:
We present a case of 75-year-old lady with effort intolerance and baseline ECG showing 2:1 atrio-ventricular block, in whom it was unclear as to requirement of permanent pacing, even after long term ECG monitoring. She underwent a tread mill test during which her QRS became wide and developed complete heart block within 2 minutes of the test. Thus, a simple exercise test helped in confirming level of block to be infra nodal without need for invasive study. In patients with exertional symptoms, even in elderly, and in those where ECG masquerades as a benign entity, exercise testing is useful to differentiate benign cases of atrio-ventricular block from the more serious cases that mandate a pacemaker implantation.
Recovery of Sense of Smell by Mepolizumab in a Patient with Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyposis – A Case Report
Authors: Abuzakouk Mohamed , Ghorab Omar , Ghazala Safieeldin , Hantzakos Anastasios 
Published: February 2020

Introduction:
To date, there is no permanent medical treatment for nasal polyposis and loss of sense of smell. Mepolizumab is an anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of patients with eosinophilic asthma. It has been suggested that it is capable of improving olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis.

Case:
We present a 35-year-old Emirati male with progressively worsening rhinosinusitis, recurring nasal polyps and total loss of sense of smell. He was treated with oral steroids, normal saline nasal sprays and all available topical steroids without significant or permanent symptom relief. He was commenced on Mepolizumab, and upon receiving the 4th dose, he reported full recovery of his sense of smell.

Conclusion:
Mepolizumab appears to be very effective in treating loss of sense of smell. Further studies should be conducted to assess the efficacy and effectiveness of Mepolizumab in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyposis and anosmia.
Aromatase Inhibitors for Ovarian Stimulation in Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Ferreiro Esteban , de Uralde Belén López , Abreu Rita , García-Velasco Juan A , Muñoz Elkin 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy diagnosed in women, and its
treatment has a high probability of loss of fertility. Oocyte vitrification is the most commonly used
technique to preserve fertility before starting oncological treatment. Aromatase inhibitors induce hypoestrogenemia
while promoting the release of gonadotropins and constitute an alternative drug for
ovarian stimulation in patients with breast cancer.

Objective:
In this mini-review, we update and describe the current status of aromatase inhibitor use in
controlled ovarian stimulation for oocyte vitrification in patients with breast cancer.

Results:
Aromatase inhibitors are commonly used in combination with gonadotropins for ovarian
stimulation in patients with breast cancer who preserve their fertility through oocyte vitrification. They
achieve similar ovarian responses as conventional ovarian stimulation protocols in regards to the
number of oocytes, and no additional complications after their use have been reported. Furthermore,
aromatase inhibitors seem to be safe not only for offspring, as no more congenital defects occur in
newborns from pregnancies achieved after their use, but also for the patients, as no more malignancy
recurrence or increased mortality was found in cohort studies.

Conclusion:
Aromatase inhibitors are elective drugs for ovarian stimulation in patients with breast
cancer who decide to preserve their fertility through oocyte vitrification.
Effects of Carvedilol on the Expression of TLR4 and its Downstream Signaling Pathway in the Liver Tissues of Rats with Cholestatic Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Tian Xiaopeng , Zhao Huimin , Guo Zengcai 
Published: February 2020

Objectives:
This study was designed to investigate the effects of carvedilol
on the expression of TLR4 and its downstream signaling pathway in the liver tissues of
rats with cholestatic liver fibrosis and provide experimental evidence for clinical
treatment of liver fibrosis with carvedilol.

Methods:
A total of fifty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five
groups (10 rats per group): sham operation (SHAM) control group, bile duct ligation
(BDL) model group, low-dose carvedilol treatment group (0.1mg·kg-1·d-1), medium-dose
carvedilol treatment group (1mg·kg-1·d-1), and high-dose carvedilol treatment group
(10mg·kg-1·d-1). Rat hepatic fibrosis model was established by applying BDL. Forty-eight
hours after the operation, carvedilol was administered twice a day. The blood and liver
were simultaneously collected under the aseptic condition for further detection in two
weeks after the operation. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate
aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBil) and albumin (Alb) in serum were measured.
HE and Masson staining were used to determine hepatic fibrosis degree. Hydroxyproline
assay was employed to detect liver collagen synthesis. Western Blot was used to
measure the expression of TLR4, NF-κB p65 and β-arrestin2 protein. Quantitative
analysis of TLR4, MyD88, TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA was performed by Realtime-PCR.

Results:
Compared with the SHAM group, the BDL group showed obvious liver injury,
increased levels of inflammatory factors, and continued progression of liver fibrosis. The
above changes in the BDL group were alleviated in the carvedilol treatment groups. The
improvement effects augmented as dosages increased. In addition, compared with the
BDL group, the reduction of the expressions of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB p65 in liver
tissues and the increase of the expression of β -arrestin2 in the high-dose carvedilol
group were more significant.

Conclusions:
Carvedilol can reduce the release of inflammatory mediators by downregulating
TLR4 expression and inhibiting its downstream signaling pathway, thus
playing a potential therapeutic role in cholestatic liver fibrosis.
Encapsulating Rifampicin into SLNs: A Viable Option for Managing its Bioavailability Issues Upon Co-Delivery with Isoniazid
Authors: Singh Harinder , Sood Ruchi , Chaira Tridib , Khanna Alka , Upadhaya Dilip J , Bambal Ramesh , Bhatnagar Pradip K. , Singh Mandeep , Kaur Indu Pal 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Rifampicin is known to degrade at the acidic pH of the stomach, especially in
the presence of isoniazid. Although isoniazid also degrades partially, its degradation is reversible.

Objective:
Presently, we provide a proof of the fact that the simultaneous oral administration of rifampicin
(RIF), upon incorporation into solid lipid nanoparticles (RIF-SLNs), with isoniazid (INH) overcomes
its INH-induced degradation and improves its oral bioavailability in rats.

Methods:
Solid lipid nanoparticles of RIF (RIF-SLNs) were prepared using a novel and patented
method. The effect of INH was investigated on in vivo bioavailability of RIF both in its free and encapsulated
(RIF-SLNs) form, after oral administration to rats.

Results:
Cmax and AUC0-∞ of RIF increased 158 % and 125 %, respectively, upon incorporation into
SLNs versus free RIF when combined with INH. The Tmax decreased from 5.67 h to 3.3 h, and the
plasma concentration of RIF remained above its MIC (8 μg/ml) at all the tested time points starting with
15 min, when administered as RIF-SLNs in combination with INH.

Conclusions:
The results confirm the scope of combining RIF-SLNs with INH to overcome the bioavailability
of free RIF when combined with INH, especially in fixed dose combinations.