bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practitioner eating disorder detection: The influence of health mindset, thin‐ideal internalization, orthorexia and gender role
Authors: Worsfold Kate A. , Sheffield Jeanie K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimsThe current study sought to determine what factors inhibited psychologists, naturopaths and fitness instructors from detecting an eating disorder (ED), and the discipline differences across these factors.MethodsParticipants of the online study were 115 health practitioners who consisted of 35 psychologists, 50 naturopathic and 30 fitness practitioners. A vignette describing a female experiencing a sub‐threshold bulimic variant without purging was presented alongside ED mental health literacy items such as assessing one's ability to detect a problem. Additional items examined factors that may inhibit detection, including practitioners' level of: thin‐ideal internalization, orthorexia, health or fitness mindset (a newly developed scale measuring health and fitness obsessiveness) and gender role identity.ResultsA significant number of naturopaths and fitness instructors (20% and 33.3%, respectively) were found to have elevated orthorexia scores. Similarly, psychologists had the greatest tendency to internalize the thin‐ideal (M = 3.60), which was comparable to levels seen in recent research for 20‐ to 21‐year‐old females with EDs. The two largest factors inhibiting ED detection were the strength of a health mindset and gender role identity. Practitioners who had higher health mindset scores or who associated with gender identities higher in masculinity traits (ie, either androgynous or masculine gender roles) were more likely to miss detecting an ED.ConclusionsWhile many present ED studies focus upon assessing and changing client cognitions, this study emphasizes the need for further research regarding training interventions to address practitioner cognitions and gender role biases, which may in turn improve ED detection.
Assessing the reliability of predicted plant trait distributions at the global scale
Authors: Boonman Coline C. F. , Benítez‐López Ana , Schipper Aafke M. , Thuiller Wilfried , Anand Madhur , Cerabolini Bruno E. L. , Cornelissen Johannes H. C. , Gonzalez‐Melo Andres , Hattingh Wesley N. , Higuchi Pedro , Laughlin Daniel C. , Onipchenko Vladimir G. , Peñuelas Josep , Poorter Lourens , Soudzilovskaia Nadejda A. , Huijbregts Mark A. J. , Santini Luca 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimPredictions of plant traits over space and time are increasingly used to improve our understanding of plant community responses to global environmental change. A necessary step forward is to assess the reliability of global trait predictions. In this study, we predict community mean plant traits at the global scale and present a systematic evaluation of their reliability in terms of the accuracy of the models, ecological realism and various sources of uncertainty.LocationGlobal.Time periodPresent.Major taxa studiedVascular plants.MethodsWe predicted global distributions of community mean specific leaf area, leaf nitrogen concentration, plant height and wood density with an ensemble modelling approach based on georeferenced, locally measured trait data representative of the plant community. We assessed the predictive performance of the models, the plausibility of predicted trait combinations, the influence of data quality, and the uncertainty across geographical space attributed to spatial extrapolation and diverging model predictions.ResultsEnsemble predictions of community mean plant height, specific leaf area and wood density resulted in ecologically plausible trait–environment relationships and trait–trait combinations. Leaf nitrogen concentration, however, could not be predicted reliably. The ensemble approach was better at predicting community trait means than any of the individual modelling techniques, which varied greatly in predictive performance and led to divergent predictions, mostly in African deserts and the Arctic, where predictions were also extrapolated. High data quality (i.e., including intraspecific variability and a representative species sample) increased model performance by 28%.Main conclusionsPlant community traits can be predicted reliably at the global scale when using an ensemble approach and high‐quality data for traits that mostly respond to large‐scale environmental factors. We recommend applying ensemble forecasting to account for model uncertainty, using representative trait data, and more routinely assessing the reliability of trait predictions.
Association between weight change over a period of 4 years and mortality in Korean older adults
Authors: Son Ki Young , Kwon Hyuktae , Park Jin Ho , Joh Hee‐Kyung , Hwang Seo Eun , Cho Su Hwan , Han Kyungdo , Cho Belong , Park Yong‐Gyu 
Published: March 2020

AimThis study aimed to evaluate the association between weight change and mortality in Korean older adults.MethodsWe collected data pertaining to National Screening Program participants aged ≥65 years from the Korean National Health Insurance Corporation records during 2005–2011. To this data, we included mortality data, such as the date of death, of these patients (up to and including 2017) from Statistics Korea. We defined weight change as a difference in bodyweight measured in the National Screening Program over a period of 4 years. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between weight change and mortality.ResultsThe study population consisted of 1 100 256 participants, and a total of 46 415 deaths were observed during a mean follow‐up period of 3.2 ± 0.8 years (maximum 5.0 years). For 3 531 585 person‐year follow up, the mortality rate for stable weight was 10.79 per 1000 person‐years (PY). Weight loss increased the mortality rate by 68%, whereas weight gain increased the rate by 10% compared with stable weight (weight loss: mortality rate 20.28 per 1000 PY, adjusted hazard ratio 1.68, 95% confidence interval 1.65–1.72; weight gain: mortality rate 12.86 per 1000 PY, adjusted hazard ratio 1.10, 95% confidence interval 1.07–1.13). However, in subgroup analysis, for participants who were underweight at baseline, current cigarette smokers or heavy alcohol drinkers, weight gain did not increase the mortality rate.ConclusionsIn Korean older adults, regardless of the risk factors, both weight loss and weight gain increased the mortality rate compared with stable weight. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 474–481.
Joining oxide ceramic matrix composites by ionotropic gelation
Authors: Almeida Renato S. M. , Farhandi Hedieh , Tushtev Kamen , Rezwan Kurosch 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe production of complex‐shaped all‐oxide ceramic matrix composites (Ox‐CMC) is somewhat restricted by their current processing methods, as well as by the lack of applicable joining techniques. Thus, we present a new method for joining Ox‐CMCs based on the gelation of slurries with the polysaccharide polymer alginate. For this investigation, Nextel 610/alumina‐zirconia composites were produced using alginate as binder and aluminum acetate as gelling agent. The joining capabilities of this technique were investigated with microstructural analyses and single‐lap compression shear tests. For that, a slurry‐containing alginate was used to join two composite plates at different stages of the processing: gel state, dried green body and after sintering. Joining composites plates in their gel or green state was successful as the joints showed shear strength values similar to the interlaminar shear strength of the composites plates. The quality of the joints was attributed to the interactions between the alginate chains of the composite plates and the joint. We also show that even the joining of already sintered Ox‐CMCs is feasible. However, densification cracks and lower shear strength are observed for such cases.
Fabrication and mechanical properties of large‐scale SiC impeller via vacuum gelcasting and pressureless sintering
Authors: Zhao Zhanchong , Li Xianhui , Zhang Yong , He Chenwei , Zhang Xiaoxin , Liu Huayan , Yan Qingzhi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractImpeller is the key part of centrifugal pump to convey liquid. And combined with the engineering practice, we fabricated two types of open and semi‐open SiC ceramic impellers with diameter of 100 mm and 160 mm via gelcasting and pressureless sintering. B4C and C were used as the sintering additives and sprayed drying granulation method was adopted for the starting SiC powder processing. Given the size and shape complexity of impeller, the optimized pH value, dispersant content, and solid‐loading content for the fabrication of the SiC impellers were determined to be 10‐11, 0.8 wt%, and 40 vol%, respectively. For the open impeller, blade height, cover board thickness, drying shrinkage, and sintering shrinkage are 10.5 mm, 4 mm, 10.3%, and 21.3%, respectively. For the semi‐open ones, the corresponding parameters are 41 mm, 10 mm, 10.3%, and 21.3%, respectively. The average density of the two types of impellers is 3.15 g/cm3, and the mechanical properties of both impellers, including average hardness, flexural strength, compressive strength, and fracture toughness are 2478 HV, 436 MPa, 2093 MPa, and 3.17 MPa·m1/2, respectively. All variation coefficient values are smaller than 5%, which indicates a good uniformity in densities and mechanical properties of both the impellers.
Academic Activism Revisited
Authors: van der Vossen Bas 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAcademics are, or ought to be, engaged in an impartial search for the truth. Many academics also are, but ought not to be, engaged in political activism. I defend a moral duty for academics to refrain from such activism. Ben Jones’ article in this journal rejects such a duty. This article responds to his objections, thereby more carefully formulating when and why political activism is morally problematic, and what burdens it may imply.
Protective factors as biomarkers and targets for prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy: From current human evidence to future possibilities
Authors: Nowak Natalia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAlthough hyperglycemia, high blood pressure and aging increase the risk of developing kidney complications, some diabetes patients exposed to these risk factors do not develop kidney disease, suggesting the presence of endogenous protective factors. There is a growing need to understand these factors determining protection of the kidney in order to improve the design of preventive strategies and to enhance the processes responsible for renoprotection. The aim of this review was to present the existing molecular and epidemiological data on factors showing protective effects in diabetic kidney disease, and to summarize the evidence regarding their potential in the area of future clinical diagnostics, therapeutics and early preventive strategies. These include transcriptomic and proteomic studies regarding the anti‐inflammatory, anti‐fibrotic and regenerative factors that were associated with slower progression of renal function loss. Another focus is the new evidence regarding the evaluation of alterations in the regulatory epigenome and its involvement in the risk of diabetic kidney disease. Further effort is required to validate and extend these findings, and to define their potential for clinical implementation in the future.
Identification of a cell‐wall peptidase (NlpC/P60) from Nocardia seriolae which induces apoptosis in fathead minnow cells
Authors: Hou Suying , Chen Guoquan , Wang Wenji , Xia Liqun , Wang Zhiwen , Lu Yishan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNocardia seriolae, a Gram‐positive bacterium, is the main pathogen of fish nocardiosis. Protein NlpC/P60 is a cell‐wall peptidase and a potential virulence factor of N. seriolae. Subcellular localization research revealed that both NlpC/P60‐GFP and NlpC/P60Δsig‐GFP fusion proteins were evenly distributed in the whole cell of fathead minnow (FHM) cells. Furthermore, typical apoptotic features, such as nuclear pyrosis and apoptotic bodies, were observed in the transfected FHM cells and grouper spleen cells by the overexpression of protein NlpC/P60. Then, quantitative assays of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) value, caspase‐3 activity and apoptosis‐related gene (Bax, BNIP3, TNF1 and TNF6) mRNA expression were conducted. The results showed that ΔΨm was decreased, caspase‐3 was significantly activated, and the mRNA expression of pro‐apoptotic genes (Bax and BNIP3) and tumour necrosis factors (TNF1 and TNF6) was up‐regulated in NlpC/P60‐overexpressed cells. Taken together, the results indicated that the protein NlpC/P60 of N. seriolae might involve in apoptosis regulation. This study may lay the foundation for further study on the function of N. seriolae NlpC/P60 and promote the understanding of the virulence factors and pathogenic mechanism of N. seriolae.
Intra‐rater reliability and smallest detectable change of compression sonoelastography in quantifying the material properties of the musculoskeletal system
Authors: Alsiri Najla , Al‐Obaidi Saud , Asbeutah Akram , Palmer Shea 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMusculoskeletal conditions can change tissue elasticity. Knowledge of musculoskeletal elasticity could therefore aid clinical diagnosis and management. Sonoelastography is an ultrasound‐based system that examines the material properties of tissues, and it may be useful in musculoskeletal practice. Therefore, it is important to establish its clinimetric properties. This study aimed to explore the intra‐rater reliability and the smallest detectable changes of sonoelastography in examining musculoskeletal structures. A quantitative reliability design was used to examine 22 healthy participants using a compression sonoelastography system that produces color‐coded images. The deltoid, biceps brachii, brachioradialis, rectus femoris, gastrocnemius medius muscles, and Achilles tendon were examined twice at 1‐hr intervals to assess the intra‐rater reliability. The sonoelastography images were analyzed using the strain index, strain ratio, and color pixels. The intra‐rater reliability and the smallest detectable changes of each outcome variable were determined. The intra‐class correlation coefficient was used to quantify the repeatability of the measurements, and the smallest detectable changes were calculated to determine clinically important differences above the error of measurement. The intra‐rater reliability for the strain index, strain ratio, and color pixel analysis ranged from moderate to excellent (intra‐class correlation coefficients: .734–.950, .776–.921, and .754–.990, respectively), with color pixel analysis demonstrating the highest reliability. The smallest detectable changes were determined for all structures, including the Achilles tendon (0.11 for the higher boundary of the strain index, 1.80 for the strain ratio, and 2.90% for red pixels, representing soft tissues). Color pixel analysis may be more reliable for sonoelastography interpretation compared with the strain index and strain ratio. The calculated smallest detectable changes could be used to identify clinically important differences.
Symptom severity in burning mouth syndrome associates with psychological factors
Authors: Forssell Heli , Teerijoki‐Oksa Tuija , Puukka Pauli , Estlander Ann‐Mari 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBurning mouth syndrome (BMS) patients are psychologically distressed, but whether this associates with symptom severity is unclear. The aim was to investigate the association of psychological factors with pain intensity and interference in BMS. Fifty‐two women (mean age 63.1, SD 10.9) with BMS participated. Pain intensity and interference data were collected using 2‐week pain diaries. Psychological factors were evaluated using Depression Scale (DEPS), Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale (PASS) and Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire (PVAQ). The local ethical committee approved the study. Patients were divided into groups based on pain severity distribution tertiles: low intensity (NRS ≤ 3.7) or interference (NRS ≤ 2.9) (tertiles 1‐2, n = 35) and moderate to intense intensity (NRS > 3.7) or interference (>2.9) (tertile 3, n = 17). T test, Wilcoxon's test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used in the analyses. Patients in the highest intensity and interference tertiles reported more depression (P = .0247 and P = .0169) and pain anxiety symptoms (P = .0359 and P = .0293), and were more preoccupied with pain (P = .0004 and P = .0003) than patients in the low intensity and interference groups. The score of the pain vigilance questionnaire correlated significantly with pain intensity (r = .366, P = .009) and interference (r = .482, P = .009). Depression (r = .399, P = .003) and pain anxiety symptoms (r = .452, P = .001) correlated with pain interference. Symptom severity in BMS associates with symptoms of psychological distress emphasising the need to develop multidimensional diagnostics for the assessment of BMS pain.
‘Take 10 to talk about it’: Use of a scripted, post‐event debriefing tool in a neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Gougoulis Anastasi , Trawber Rory , Hird Kathryn , Sweetman Greg 
Published: March 2020

AimThis study assessed the impact of a scripted, post‐event debriefing tool in identifying logistical, procedural, personnel and performance obstacles and successes in a clinical setting. It was predicted that the debriefing tool would highlight the importance of routine debriefing following challenging clinical events.MethodsThe study was conducted in a 22‐bed neonatal intensive care unit at a tertiary hospital and involved all staff members in the perinatal service. The debriefing tool, a two‐page form providing a structured, scripted approach, was used at the earliest opportunity after acute clinical deteriorations, emergency caesarean sections and any other critical events as decided by the neonatal team. Sessions were facilitated by either a nursing or medical member of the neonatal team. Following a 2‐month trial, impact was measured via the comparison of before and after survey questions as well as review of a database of issues raised, subsequent actions and outcomes.ResultsSignificant, positive changes were observed for survey questions specific to the frequency of debriefing, team communication, provision of learning opportunities and identification of logistical, equipment and procedural issues. In addition, the database highlighted the significant positive impact in day‐to‐day practice as a result of changes initiated by the debriefing tool. All participants requested the unit to continue using the tool.ConclusionScripted, post‐event debriefing is achievable and valuable in the clinical setting. It encourages a supportive workplace culture and empowers team members to initiate practical change in their organisations.
Kruppel-like factor 2 disturb non-small cell lung cancer energy metabolism by inhibited glutamine consumption
Authors: Xiao Song , Jin-xiang Yan , Long Tian , Xiu-rong Lu , Hong Gao , Jie-cheng Yan , Fei Zhang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Metabolic reprogramming is well accepted as a hallmark of cancer. This study aimed to explore the role of Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) in aerobic glycolysis and glutamine consumption of energy metabolism in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.

Methods
Two different NSCLC cells, A549 and NCI-H1299, were used to investigate the role of KLF2 in glycolysis and glutamine consumption by tracer technique and KLF2 transfection.

Key findings
The results showed that overexpression KLF could inhibit the energy metabolism and proliferation of NSCLC cells, but had no significant effect on glycolysis reaction and only affected the glutamine consumption of NSCLC cells. In NSCLC cells exposed to glutamine deprivation, the effect of overexpression of KLF2 on cell proliferation and energy metabolism disappeared. It was found that KLF2 could inhibit the expression of glutaminase (GLS) by metabolite tracing technique and so on. However, when GLS inhibitors were given to overexpressing KLF2 NSCLC cells, the intervention effect of KLF2 disappeared.

Conclusions
Kruppel-like factor 2 could decrease the level of glutamine, participate in the consumption of glutamine by cancer cells, and then inhibit the energy metabolism of cancer cells.
Non‐amyloid liver involvement in familial Mediterranean fever: A systematic literature review
Authors: Fraisse Thibault , Savey Léa , Hentgen Véronique , Rossi‐Semerano Linda , Koné‐Paut Isabelle , Grateau Gilles , Georgin‐Lavialle Sophie , Ducharme‐Bénard Stéphanie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionFamilial Mediterranean fever (FMF), the most frequent autoinflammatory disease, is caused by mutations in the MEFV gene. It is characterized by recurrent febrile attacks of polyserositis. Liver abnormalities may develop during its course, but they remain poorly defined.ObjectiveTo describe liver involvement in FMF patients.MethodsA systematic search was conducted through PubMed/Medline and Embase from 1946 to January 2020. All articles describing children and adults with FMF and liver involvement were included. Patients with amyloidosis were excluded. The selected full‐text articles were independently reviewed by three investigators.ResultsForty‐three articles were identified, of which 20 articles with a total of 99 patients were included: 74 adults, 23 children and two patients of unknown age. Ten patients had cryptogenic cirrhosis, 48 had nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), four had Budd‐Chiari syndrome (BCS), 12 had isolated hyperbilirubinaemia and 25 had elevated liver enzymes.ConclusionDespite a low prevalence of metabolic risk factors, FMF may be associated with NAFLD and cryptogenic cirrhosis as a consequence of chronic or recurrent inflammation. FMF patients should be regularly screened for liver injury. The latter may be prevented and treated by daily colchicine intake. The evidence was insufficient to establish an association with BCS, hyperbilirubinaemia or autoimmune hepatitis.
Beyond Learning About the Brain: A Situated Approach to Training Teachers in Mind, Brain, and Education
Authors: Carey Lisa B. , Schmidt Jonathan , Dommestrup Aila K. , Pritchard Alison E. , van Stone Maureen , Grasmick Nancy , Mahone E. Mark , Denckla Martha B. , Jacobson Lisa A. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTThe field of Mind, Brain, and Education (MBE) has debated the strategies and merit of training teachers in principles of neuroscience. A previous study argued for groups of teachers to be trained as “educational engineers” capable of translating the work of cognitive neuroscientists and education researchers into practical application. While several teacher education programs currently offer MBE courses, we offer a program description of a “situated learning” model of MBE that brings teachers to a unique pediatric hospital with a focus on neurodevelopmental disabilities. The aims of the program are to train educational engineers capable of improving special education services through applications of MBE. Teachers participating in this program learn about neurodevelopment, behavior, models of scientific knowledge acquisition, as well as applications of educational law, policy, leadership, and instruction. This unique program may offer a way to develop competent educational engineers capable of improving education for students with disabilities.