bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiologic responses to a staircase lung volume optimization maneuver in pediatric high-frequency oscillatory ventilation
Authors: de Jager Pauline , Burgerhof Johannes G. M. , Koopman Alette A. , Markhorst Dick G. , Kneyber Martin C. J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundTitration of the continuous distending pressure during a staircase incremental–decremental pressure lung volume optimization maneuver in children on high-frequency oscillatory ventilation is traditionally driven by oxygenation and hemodynamic responses, although validity of these metrics has not been confirmed.MethodsRespiratory inductance plethysmography values were used construct pressure–volume loops during the lung volume optimization maneuver. The maneuver outcome was evaluated by three independent investigators and labeled positive if there was an increase in respiratory inductance plethysmography values at the end of the incremental phase. Metrics for oxygenation (SpO2, FiO2), proximal pressure amplitude, tidal volume and transcutaneous measured pCO2(ptcCO2) obtained during the incremental phase were compared between outcome maneuvers labeled positive and negative to calculate sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Ventilation efficacy was assessed during and after the maneuver by measuring arterial pH and PaCO2. Hemodynamic responses during and after the maneuver were quantified by analyzing heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure and arterial lactate.Results41/54 patients (75.9%) had a positive maneuver albeit that changes in respiratory inductance plethysmography values were very heterogeneous. During the incremental phase of the maneuver, metrics for oxygenation and tidal volume showed good sensitivity (> 80%) but poor sensitivity. The sensitivity of the SpO2/FiO2ratio increased to 92.7% one hour after the maneuver. The proximal pressure amplitude showed poor sensitivity during the maneuver, whereas tidal volume showed good sensitivity but poor specificity. PaCO2decreased and pH increased in patients with a positive and negative maneuver outcome. No new barotrauma or hemodynamic instability (increase in age-adjusted heart rate, decrease in age-adjusted mean arterial blood pressure or lactate > 2.0 mmol/L) occurred as a result of the maneuver.ConclusionsAbsence of improvements in oxygenation during a lung volume optimization maneuver did not indicate that there were no increases in lung volume quantified using respiratory inductance plethysmography. Increases in SpO2/FiO2one hour after the maneuver may suggest ongoing lung volume recruitment. Ventilation was not impaired and there was no new barotrauma or hemodynamic instability. The heterogeneous responses in lung volume changes underscore the need for monitoring tools during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation.
On multi-term proportional fractional differential equations and inclusions
Authors: Shammakh Wafa , Alzumi Hadeel Z. , Albarqi Zahra 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to study new nonlocal boundary value problems of fractional differential equations and inclusions supplemented with slit-strips integral boundary conditions. Based on the functional analysis tools, the existence results for a nonlinear boundary value problem involving a proportional fractional derivative are presented. In addition to that, the extension of the problem at hand to its inclusion case is discussed. The obtained results are very interesting and are well illustrated with examples.
Numerical solution of the Bagley–Torvik equation using shifted Chebyshev operational matrix
Authors: Ji Tianfu , Hou Jianhua , Yang Changqing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this study, an efficient numerical scheme based on shifted Chebyshev polynomials is established to obtain numerical solutions of the Bagley–Torvik equation. We first derive the shifted Chebyshev operational matrix of fractional derivative. Then, by the use of these operational matrices, we reduce the corresponding fractional order differential equation to a system of algebraic equations, which can be solved numerically by Newton’s method. Furthermore, the maximum absolute error is obtained through error analysis. Finally, numerical examples are presented to validate our theoretical analysis.
Parasitic resistance as a predictor of faulty anodes in electro galvanizing: a comparison of machine learning, physical and hybrid models
Authors: Lovrić Mario , Meister Richard , Steck Thomas , Fadljević Leon , Gerdenitsch Johann , Schuster Stefan , Schiefermüller Lukas , Lindstaedt Stefanie , Kern Roman 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn industrial electro galvanizing lines aged anodes deteriorate zinc coating distribution over the strip width, leading to an increase in electricity and zinc cost. We introduce a data-driven approach in predictive maintenance of anodes to replace the cost- and labor-intensive manual inspection, which is still common for this task. The approach is based on parasitic resistance as an indicator of anode condition which might be aged or mis-installed. The parasitic resistance is indirectly observable via the voltage difference between the measured and baseline (theoretical) voltage for healthy anode. Here we calculate the baseline voltage by means of two approaches: (1) a physical model based on electrical and electrochemical laws, and (2) advanced machine learning techniques including boosting and bagging regression. The data was collected on one exemplary rectifier unit equipped with two anodes being studied for a total period of two years. The dataset consists of one target variable (rectifier voltage) and nine predictive variables used in the models, observing electrical current, electrolyte, and steel strip characteristics. For predictive modelling, we used Random Forest, Partial Least Squares and AdaBoost Regression. The model training was conducted on intervals where the anodes were in good condition and validated on other segments which served as a proof of concept that bad anode conditions can be identified using the parasitic resistance predicted by our models. Our results show a RMSE of 0.24 V for baseline rectifier voltage with a mean ± standard deviation of 11.32 ± 2.53 V for the best model on the validation set. The best-performing model is a hybrid version of a Random Forest which incorporates meta-variables computed from the physical model. We found that a large predicted parasitic resistance coincides well with the results of the manual inspection. The results of this work will be implemented in online monitoring of anode conditions to reduce operational cost at a production site.
Modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors among married and cohabiting women in Papua New Guinea: a population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Agbaglo Ebenezer , Dadzie Louis Kobina , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Ameyaw Edward Kwabena , Tetteh Justice Kanor , Yaya Sanni 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Universal access to family planning has been emphasized by the international development agenda, as evident in the Sustainable Development Goal 3.7. This notwithstanding, the use of modern contraceptives has been minimal in low- and middle-income countries, especially in Papua New Guinea. In view of this, we investigated the factors associated with the use of modern contraceptives and the associated factors among married and cohabiting women in Papua New Guinea.

Methods
The study utilised the Demographic and Health Survey data of 2345 women in sexual unions in Papua New Guinea. We employed a descriptive and binary logistic regression analyses. We presented the results as crude Odds Ratios (COR) and adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR), with 95% confidence intervals (CI) signifying level of precision. Level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results
We found that 74.4% of the women were using modern contraceptives ranging from injectables (44.5%) to other modern methods (0.23%). Women aged 15–19 [AOR = 7.425, 95% CI = 2.853, 19.32], residents of the Highland region [AOR = 1.521, 95% CI =1.086, 2.131], self-employed women in the agricultural sector [AOR = 1.710, 95% CI = 1.218, 2.400], and women who listened to radio at least once a week [AOR = 1.409, 95% CI = 1.048, 1.895] had higher odds of modern contraceptive usage. However, women in the Islands region [AOR = 0.291, 95% CI = 0.224, 0.377], women whose husbands had higher education [AOR = 0.531,95%CI = 0.318,0.886], women in professional/technical/managerial work [AOR = 0.643, 95% CI = 0.420, 0.986], and those with no child [AOR = 0.213, CI = 0.0498,0.911] had lower odds of modern contraceptive use.

Conclusion
Out of the 2345 participants, we found that majority of them were using modern contraceptives and the commonly used modern contraceptive was injectables. Age, region of residence, partner's education, employment, partner's desire for children, and frequency of listening to radio are associated with modern contraceptive usage. Tailored reproductive healthcare should be developed for women who are disadvantaged when it comes to the usage of modern contraceptives in order to boost modern contraceptive use among them. Further investigation is needed to unravel the motivation for the high usage of injectables among married and cohabiting women in Papua New Guinea.
Evaluation of essential oil isolated from dry coriander seeds and recycling of the plant waste under different storage conditions
Authors: Wahba Hend E. , Abd Rabbu Hala S. , Ibrahim Mohamed E. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
This study focused on the comparison of the essential oil percentage and constituents obtained from the dry seeds and the waste of coriander plant in order to reach the best ways to store the essential oil.

Results
The chemical composition of coriander oil was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The analysis of coriander essential oil showed that linalool was the main constituent of dry seed oil under all conditions. It recorded 59.6, 59.28 and 47.69% of the treatments of the oil at zero time, stored in cool conditions and stored at room temperature, respectively. Concerning oil constituents of coriander waste (the remained herb after collecting seeds), the results showed that trans-anethole was the major oil constituent, followed by linalool compound. The quality of the stored oil in the refrigerator after harvest was better than the stored oil from seeds or waste under room temperature.

Conclusion
The changes have been observed in the chemical composition of coriander oil extracted from seed and waste subjected to different storage conditions. The waste of coriander can be considered a new source of essential oil.
Influence of leg length discrepancy on balance and gait in post-stroke patients: a correlational study
Authors: Gardas Shailesh , Shah Hemakshi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
A frequent complaint by stroke patients presenting for physiotherapy was perceived shortness of the affected lower limb and inability to weight bear onto the affected side. So, the present study aimed to evaluate influence of limb length discrepancy (LLD) on balance and gait parameters in patients with stroke.

Subjects and methods
Twenty participants were recruited based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were divided into two groups group A (LLD ≤ 1 cm) and group B (LLD > 1 cm). Postural sway was measured under wide base eyes open, wide base eyes closed, narrow base eyes open, and narrow base eyes closed conditions. Weight-bearing asymmetry and functional balance were assessed using the percentage body weight asymmetry and Berg balance scale. Also, step leg ratio and 10-M walk test was used to assess gait parameters.

Results
Intergroup comparison of postural sway exhibited a significant difference between groups in the AP direction in wide-based eyes open (WBEO), wide-based eyes closed (WBEC), narrow-based eyes open (NBEO), and narrow-based eyes closed (NBEC) conditions whereas only in NBEC condition in mediolateral direction; with group B (LLD > 1 cm) displaying a greater mean postural sway in all the conditions. The correlation of LLD with postural sway showed a significant positive correlation within AP direction under all the conditions and in WBEC and NBEC conditions in mediolateral direction. Intergroup comparison of step length ratio (SLR) showed a statistical difference between groups, and a negative correlation was found between LLD and SLR. A negative correlation was also seen between percentage weight-bearing asymmetry (PWBA) and speed as well as Berg’s balance scale (BBS), and a positive correlation was observed between BBS and speed.

Conclusion
Leg length discrepancy results in a significant decrease in balance control in the sagittal and frontal planes in patients with stroke. It also adds to the asymmetries in their gait. Therefore, LLD should be considered as a factor for balance and gait asymmetries in post-stroke patients.
Clinical Characteristics of Short-Stature Patients With an NPR2 Mutation and the Therapeutic Response to rhGH
Authors: Ke Xiaoan , Liang Hanting , Miao Hui , Yang Hongbo , Wang Linjie , Gong Fengying , Pan Hui , Zhu Huijuan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Context
The natriuretic peptide receptor 2 gene (NPR2) is a causative gene of idiopathic short stature (ISS) with an incidence rate of 2% to 6%. The clinical characteristics of patients with NPR2 heterozygous mutations are atypical, and data on the efficacy of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment in patients with NPR2 mutations are limited.

Objectives
This work reports 6 cases with NPR2 mutation and explores the characteristics of patients with an NPR2 mutation and their therapeutic response to rhGH.

Design, Settings, and Patients
Six Chinese short-stature patients in our hospital with NPR2 mutations by whole-exome sequencing were included. We also searched all previously published NPR2 mutation cases as of August 10, 2020, and information about their medical history, mutations, and rhGH treatment were recorded and summarized.

Results
The clinical characteristics of patients with an NPR2 heterozygous mutation mainly included short stature, facial anomalies, and skeletal dysplasia. Skeletal dysplasia mainly included brachydactyly (56.2%), shortened metacarpals or metatarsals (particularly fourth to fifth; 26.1%), and clinodactyly (21.7%). rhGH treatment significantly improved the height SD score (SDS) of patients with NPR2 heterozygous mutations (median, –2.1 vs –2.9, P &lt; .001), especially in girls. The height SDS change correlated negatively with initial age of treatment (r = –0.477; P = .034), and height SDS change of patients with NPR2 heterozygous mutations in the carboxyl-terminal guanylyl cyclase catalytic domain was significantly higher than that of the extracellular ligand-binding region domain (median, 1.9 vs 0.6, P = .019).

Conclusions
ISS patients with skeletal deformities should be tested for an NPR2 mutation. rhGH treatment is beneficial for short-stature patients with NPR2 heterozygous mutations and needs further study.
Digital Coaching Strategies to Facilitate Behavioral Change in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gershkowitz Bradley D , Hillert Conor J , Crotty Bradley H 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Context
In this systematic review, we focus on the clinical impact of digital tools for providing health coaching, education, and facilitating behavior in patients with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. Our approach was designed to provide insights for clinicians and health care systems that are considering adopting such digital tools.

Evidence Acquisition
We searched the CINAHL, Scopus, and Ovid/MEDLINE databases using PRISMA guidelines for studies that reported digital coaching strategies for management and prevention of type 2 diabetes published from January 2014 to June 2019. Articles were reviewed by 2 independent blinded reviewers. Twenty-one articles met inclusion criteria.

Evidence Synthesis
We found that 20 of 21 studies in our analysis showed statistically significant improvements in at least one measure of diabetes control including HbA1c, weight loss, fasting blood glucose, and BMI. Studies that reported weight loss percentage from baseline at 1 year reported values ranging from −3.04% to −8.98%, similar to outcomes with traditional coaching in the Diabetes Prevention Program (N = 4). Additionally, all studies that included a comparison group of in-person or telephone-based coaching showed statistically better or similar outcomes in the digital coaching group (N = 5).

Conclusions
The evidence reported in this systematic review suggests that digital health coaching offers a promising strategy for long-term management and prevention of type 2 diabetes in diverse populations with similar benefits to in-person or telephone-based health coaching. We argue that, with the potential to treat large numbers of individuals in diverse geographic locations, digital coaching offers a promising solution to the rapid increase in diabetes prevalence.
Urban ecophysiology: beyond costs, stress and biomarkers
Authors: Isaksson Caroline 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Natural habitats are rapidly declining due to urbanisation, with a concomitant decline in biodiversity in highly urbanised areas. Yet thousands of different species have colonised urban environments. These organisms are exposed to novel urban conditions, which are sometimes beneficial, but most often challenging, such as increased ambient temperature, chemicals, noise and light pollution, dietary alterations and disturbance by humans. Given the fundamental role of physiological responses in coping with such conditions, certain physiological systems such as the redox system, metabolism and hormones are thought to specifically influence organisms’ ability to persist and cope with urbanisation. However, these physiological systems often show mixed responses to urbanisation. Does this mean that some individuals, populations or species are resilient to the urban environmental challenges? Or is something missing from our analyses, leading us to erroneous conclusions regarding the impact of urbanisation? To understand the impact of urbanisation, I argue that a more integrated mechanistic and ecological approach is needed, along with experiments, in order to fully understand the physiological responses; without knowledge of their ecological and evolutionary context, physiological measures alone can be misinterpreted. Furthermore, we need to further investigate the causes of and capacity for individual plasticity in order to understand not only the impact of urbanisation, but also species resilience. I argue that abiotic and biotic urban factors can interact (e.g. pollution with micro- and macronutrients) to either constrain or relax individual physiological responses – and, thereby, plasticity – on a temporal and/or spatial scale, which can lead to erroneous conclusions regarding the impact of urbanisation.
Effects of music therapy on depression: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Tang Qishou , Huang Zhaohui , Zhou Huan , Ye Peijie 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundWe aimed to determine and compare the effects of music therapy and music medicine on depression, and explore the potential factors associated with the effect.MethodsPubMed (MEDLINE), Ovid-Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Clinical Evidence were searched to identify studies evaluating the effectiveness of music-based intervention ondepressionfrom inception to May 2020. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were estimated with random-effect model and fixed-effect model.ResultsA total of 55 RCTs were included in our meta-analysis. Music therapy exhibited a significant reduction in depressive symptom (SMD = −0.66; 95% CI = -0.86 to -0.46;P<0.001) compared with the control group; while, music medicine exhibited a stronger effect in reducing depressive symptom (SMD = −1.33; 95% CI = -1.96 to -0.70;P<0.001). Among the specific music therapy methods, recreative music therapy (SMD = -1.41; 95% CI = -2.63 to -0.20;P<0.001), guided imagery and music (SMD = -1.08; 95% CI = -1.72 to -0.43;P<0.001), music-assisted relaxation (SMD = -0.81; 95% CI = -1.24 to -0.38;P<0.001), music and imagery (SMD = -0.38; 95% CI = -0.81 to 0.06;P= 0.312), improvisational music therapy (SMD = -0.27; 95% CI = -0.49 to -0.05;P= 0.001), music and discuss (SMD = -0.26; 95% CI = -1.12 to 0.60;P= 0.225) exhibited a different effect respectively. Music therapy and music medicine both exhibited a stronger effects of short and medium length compared with long intervention periods.ConclusionsA different effect of music therapy and music medicine on depression was observed in our present meta-analysis, and the effect might be affected by the therapy process.
Factors associated with disease severity and mortality among patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chidambaram Vignesh , Tun Nyan Lynn , Haque Waqas Z. , Majella Marie Gilbert , Sivakumar Ranjith Kumar , Kumar Amudha , Hsu Angela Ting-Wei , Ishak Izza A. , Nur Aqsha A. , Ayeh Samuel K. , Salia Emmanuella L. , Zil-E-Ali Ahsan , Saeed Muhammad A. , Sarena Ayu P. B. , Seth Bhavna , Ahmadzada Muzzammil , Haque Eman F. , Neupane Pranita , Wang Kuang-Heng , Pu Tzu-Miao , Ali Syed M. H. , Arshad Muhammad A. , Wang Lin , Baksh Sheriza , Karakousis Petros C. , Galiatsatos Panagis 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundUnderstanding the factors associated with disease severity and mortality in Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is imperative to effectively triage patients. We performed a systematic review to determine the demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological factors associated with severity and mortality in COVID-19.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase and WHO database for English language articles from inception until May 8, 2020. We included Observational studies with direct comparison of clinical characteristics between a) patients who died and those who survived or b) patients with severe disease and those without severe disease. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed by two authors independently.ResultsAmong 15680 articles from the literature search, 109 articles were included in the analysis. The risk of mortality was higher in patients with increasing age, male gender (RR 1.45, 95%CI 1.23–1.71), dyspnea (RR 2.55, 95%CI 1.88–2.46), diabetes (RR 1.59, 95%CI 1.41–1.78), hypertension (RR 1.90, 95%CI 1.69–2.15). Congestive heart failure (OR 4.76, 95%CI 1.34–16.97), hilar lymphadenopathy (OR 8.34, 95%CI 2.57–27.08), bilateral lung involvement (OR 4.86, 95%CI 3.19–7.39) and reticular pattern (OR 5.54, 95%CI 1.24–24.67) were associated with severe disease. Clinically relevant cut-offs for leukocytosis(>10.0 x109/L), lymphopenia(< 1.1 x109/L), elevated C-reactive protein(>100mg/L), LDH(>250U/L) and D-dimer(>1mg/L) had higher odds of severe disease and greater risk of mortality.ConclusionKnowledge of the factors associated of disease severity and mortality identified in our study may assist in clinical decision-making and critical-care resource allocation for patients with COVID-19.