bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational load as a risk factor for clinically relevant base of thumb osteoarthritis
Authors: Wolf Jennifer Moriatis , Turkiewicz Aleksandra , Atroshi Isam , Englund Martin 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveIt is postulated that increased load from pinch and grasp in occupational tasks increases the risk of thumb carpometacarpal (CMC1) osteoarthritis (OA). We sought to characterise the relationship between doctor-diagnosed CMC1 OA and occupation in a large working population.MethodsWe performed a matched case–control study using a Swedish healthcare register. We identified residents aged 30–65 years in 2013 with physician-diagnosed CMC1 OA from 1998 to 2013. We matched four controls per person with CMC1 OA by age, sex, education and postcode. Swedish Standard Classification of Occupations was used to assign occupation. Occupation was categorised as light, light–moderate, moderate and heavy labour. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate ORs with 95% CIs.ResultsWe identified 3462 patients with CMC1 OA and matched 13 211 controls. The mean age of the CMC1 OA group was 63 (SD 7) years, with 81% women. The ORs for CMC1 OA in men were 1.31 (95% CI 0.96 to 1.79) for light–moderate, 1.76 (95% CI 1.29 to 2.40) for moderate and 2.00 (95% CI 1.59 to 2.51) for heavy compared with light work. Women had ORs for CMC1 OA of 1.46 (95% CI 1.32 to 1.61) for light–moderate, 1.27 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.46) for moderate and 1.31 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.59) for heavy compared with light work.ConclusionsThe association between increased manual load in occupation and risk of CMC1 OA is more pronounced in men than in women, likely due to higher workload in the heavy labour category.
Mass transport deposits in the Donegal Barra Fan and their association with British–Irish Ice Sheet dynamics
Authors: Roy Srikumar , Georgiopoulou Aggeliki , Benetti Sara , Sacchetti Fabio 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

This study analyses seismic data to investigate the kinematic indicators within the mass transport deposits (MTDs) of the Donegal Barra Fan complex in the Rockall Trough, along the NW European continental margin. Five episodes of mega-scale MTDs (DBF-01, -02, -03, -04 and -05) are identified. DBF-01 is the largest MTD in the NW British continental margin, comprising 1907 km
3
of sediments. Fold-and-thrusts were identified within the MTDs where they attain maximum thickness of
c.
300–380 ms TWT, but not at the toe region. This indicates that local erosion and deceleration caused bulking up of the MTD volume, but the MTD was not fully arrested due to the high mobility of the mass flow. MTD thickness distribution and thrust fault orientations indicate source areas and flow direction of MTD. The MTDs show a compensational stacking pattern with earlier deposits influencing the position and flow direction of succeeding slides, suggesting that glaciogenic debris flows are sensitive to topographic variability. We propose that increased sediment input associated with at least five expansions of the British–Irish Ice Sheet to the shelf edge led to the development of these MTDs and that the youngest of them, DBF-05, corresponds to the Last Glacial Maximum.
Effects of Boron Nitride Coatings at High Temperatures and Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Properties of Carbon Fiber-Based Magnetic Materials
Authors: Sun Qilong , Ye Wei , Cheng Jiahao , Long Xiaoyun 
Published: January 2020

An electromagnetic (EM) wave-absorbing material with a three-layer structure is prepared by depositing magnetic particles and a high-temperature resistant coating on the surface of the carbon fiber (CF) with in situ hybridization. Accordingly, the structure, chemical composition, morphology, high-temperature resistance, EM characteristics, and EM wave absorption of the composite materials were analyzed. The composite materials contained CFs, and the magnetic particles, such as Fe3O4, NiFe2O4, CoFe2O4, and Ni3Fe, distributed along the axial direction of the fiber, while boron nitride (BN) existed in the outermost coating layer. This preparation method improves the oxidation resistance and EM wave absorption performance of the CF. When the concentrations of the metal salt solution and the original BN solution are 0.625×1.5 mol L-1 [nFeCl3: nCoSO4: nNiSO4=2:2:1] and 4 mol L-1 [nH3BO3:nCONH22=1:3], respectively, the thermal decomposition temperature of the prepared CF/1.5FeCoNi/2BN is increased from 450°C to 754°C. In the frequency range of 10.6–26 GHz, the EM wave loss is less than −10 dB (the bandwidth spans 15.4 GHz). The CF-based composite material prepared in this study has the characteristics of light weight, wide absorption band, and strong oxidation resistance and constitutes the reference basis for the study of other high-temperature, EM wave-absorbing materials.
Surfactant Expression Defines an Inflamed Subtype of Lung Adenocarcinoma Brain Metastases that Correlates with Prolonged Survival
Authors: Pocha Kolja , Mock Andreas , Rapp Carmen , Dettling Steffen , Warta Rolf , Geisenberger Christoph , Jungk Christine , Martins Leila R. , Grabe Niels , Reuss David , Debus Juergen , von Deimling Andreas , Abdollahi Amir , Unterberg Andreas , Herold-Mende Christel C. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
To provide a better understanding of the interplay between the immune system and brain metastases to advance therapeutic options for this life-threatening disease.

Experimental Design:
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were quantified by semiautomated whole-slide analysis in brain metastases from 81 lung adenocarcinomas. Multi-color staining enabled phenotyping of TILs (CD3, CD8, and FOXP3) on a single-cell resolution. Molecular determinants of the extent of TILs in brain metastases were analyzed by transcriptomics in a subset of 63 patients. Findings in lung adenocarcinoma brain metastases were related to published multi-omic primary lung adenocarcinoma The Cancer Genome Atlas data (n = 230) and single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data (n = 52,698).

Results:
TIL numbers within tumor islands was an independent prognostic marker in patients with lung adenocarcinoma brain metastases. Comparative transcriptomics revealed that expression of three surfactant metabolism-related genes (SFTPA1, SFTPB, and NAPSA) was closely associated with TIL numbers. Their expression was not only prognostic in brain metastasis but also in primary lung adenocarcinoma. Correlation with scRNA-seq data revealed that brain metastases with high expression of surfactant genes might originate from tumor cells resembling alveolar type 2 cells. Methylome-based estimation of immune cell fractions in primary lung adenocarcinoma confirmed a positive association between lymphocyte infiltration and surfactant expression. Tumors with a high surfactant expression displayed a transcriptomic profile of an inflammatory microenvironment.

Conclusions:
The expression of surfactant metabolism-related genes (SFTPA1, SFTPB, and NAPSA) defines an inflamed subtype of lung adenocarcinoma brain metastases characterized by high abundance of TILs in close vicinity to tumor cells, a prolonged survival, and a tumor microenvironment which might be more accessible to immunotherapeutic approaches.
Long Noncoding RNA
Ahit
Protects Against Cardiac Hypertrophy Through SUZ12 (Suppressor of Zeste 12 Protein Homolog)-Mediated Downregulation of MEF2A (Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2A)
Authors: Yu Junyi , Yang Yang , Xu Zaicheng , Lan Cong , Chen Caiyu , Li Chuanwei , Chen Zhi , Yu Cheng , Xia Xuewei , Liao Qiao , Jose Pedro A. , Zeng Chunyu , Wu Gengze 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) can regulate various physiological and pathological processes through multiple molecular mechanisms in cis and in trans. However, the role of lncRNAs in cardiac hypertrophy is yet to be fully elucidated.

Methods:

A mouse lncRNA microarray was used to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs in the mouse hearts following transverse aortic constriction–induced pressure overload comparing to the sham-operated samples. The direct impact of one lncRNA,
Ahit,
on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was characterized in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes in response to phenylephrine by targeted knockdown and overexpression. The in vivo function of
Ahit
was analyzed in mouse hearts by using cardiac-specific adeno-associated virus, serotype 9–short hairpin RNA to knockdown
Ahit
in combination with transverse aortic constriction. Using catRAPID program, an interaction between
Ahit
and SUZ12 (suppressor of zeste 12 protein homolog) was predicted and validated by RNA immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting following RNA pull-down. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was performed to determine SUZ12 or H3K27me3 occupancy on the MEF2A (myocyte enhancer factor 2A) promoter. Finally, the expression of human
Ahit
(leukemia-associated noncoding IGF1R activator RNA 1 [LUNAR1]) in the serum samples from patients of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was tested by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results:

A previously unannotated lncRNA, antihypertrophic interrelated transcript (
Ahit
), was identified to be upregulated in the mouse hearts after transverse aortic constriction. Inhibition of
Ahit
induced cardiac hypertrophy, both in vitro and in vivo, associated with increased expression of MEF2A, a critical transcriptional factor involved in cardiac hypertrophy. In contrast, overexpression of
Ahit
significantly attenuated stress-induced cardiac hypertrophy in vitro. Furthermore,
Ahit
was significantly upregulated in serum samples of patients diagnosed with hypertensive heart disease versus nonhypertrophic hearts (1.46±0.17 fold,
P
=0.0325). Mechanistically,
Ahit
directly bound and recruited SUZ12, a core PRC2 (polycomb repressive complex 2) protein, to the promoter of MEF2A, triggering its trimethylation on H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) residues and mediating the downregulation of MEF2A, thereby preventing cardiac hypertrophy.

Conclusions:

Ahit
is a lncRNA with a significant role in cardiac hypertrophy regulation through epigenomic modulation.
Ahit
is a potential therapeutic target of cardiac hypertrophy.
Exercise is Associated With Impaired Left Ventricular Systolic Function in Patients With Lamin A/C Genotype
Authors: Skjølsvik Eystein T. , Hasselberg Nina E. , Dejgaard Lars A. , Lie Øyvind H. , Andersen Kjell , Holm Torbjørn , Edvardsen Thor , Haugaa Kristina H. 
Published: January 2020

Background
Lamin A/C cardiomyopathy is a malignant and highly penetrant inheritable cardiomyopathy. Competitive sports have been associated with adverse events in these patients, but data on recreational exercise are lacking. We aimed to explore associations between exercise exposure and disease severity in patients with lamin A/C genotype.

Methods and Results

Lamin A/C genotype positive patients answered a questionnaire on exercise habits from age 7 years until genetic diagnosis. We recorded exercise hours >3 metabolic equivalents and calculated cumulative lifetime exercise. Patients were grouped in active or sedate based on lifetime exercise hours above or below median. We performed echocardiography, 12‐lead
ECG
, Holter monitoring, and biomarkers including
NT
‐pro
BNP
(N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide). We defined left ventricular ejection fraction <45% as a clinically significant impairment of left ventricular function. We included 69 patients (age 42±14 years, 41% probands, 46% women) with median lifetime exercise 4160 (interquartile range 1041–6924) hours. Active patients were more frequently probands (53% versus 29%,
P
=0.04), had lower left ventricular ejection fraction (43±13% versus 51±11%,
P
=0.006), and higher
NT
‐pro
BNP
(78 [interquartile range 32–219] pmol/L versus 30 [interquartile range 13–64] pmol/L,
P
=0.03) compared with sedate, while age did not differ (45±13 years versus 40±16 years,
P
=0.16). The decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction per tertile increment in lifetime exercise was 4% (95%
CI
−7% to −0.4%,
P
=0.03), adjusted for age and sex and accounting for dependence within families. Left ventricular ejection fraction <45% was observed at a younger age in active patients (log rank
P
=0.007).

Conclusions
Active lamin A/C patients had worse systolic function compared with sedate which occurred at younger age. Our findings may improve exercise recommendations in patients with lamin A/C.
Pacific Mean-State Control of Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation–El Niño Relationship
Authors: Kim Dongmin , Lee Sang-Ki , Lopez Hosmay , Goes Marlos 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe investigate the potential impacts of the interdecadal Pacific oscillation (IPO) and Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) on El Niño and the associated atmosphere and ocean dynamics by using the Community Earth System Model–Large Ensemble Simulation (CESM-LENS). The individual effects of IPO and AMO on El Niño frequency and the underlying atmosphere–ocean processes are well reproduced in CESM-LENS and agree with previous studies. However, the sensitivity of El Niño frequency to the AMO is robust mainly during the negative IPO phase and very weak during the positive IPO phase. Further analysis suggests that the atmospheric mean state in the Pacific is much amplified during the negative IPO phase, facilitating the AMO-induced interocean atmospheric teleconnections. More specifically, during the negative IPO phase of the amplified mean state, the positive AMO enhances ascending motion from the northeastern Pacific, which in turn increases subsidence into the southeast Pacific through local anomalous Hadley circulation. The associated low-level easterly wind anomalies in the central equatorial Pacific are also reinforced by amplified upper-level divergence over the Maritime Continent to enhance the negative IPO, which is unfavorable for El Niño occurrence. Conversely, the negative AMO nearly cancels out the suppressing effect of the negative IPO on El Niño occurrence. During the positive IPO phase of the weakened atmospheric mean state, however, the AMO-induced interocean atmospheric teleconnections are much weaker; thus, neither the positive nor the negative AMO has any significant impact on El Niño occurrence.
Hospital-treated deliberate self-poisoning in the older adult: Identifying specific clinical assessment needs
Authors: Jackson Mariann , McGill Katie , Lewin Terry J , Bryant Jenifer , Whyte Ian , Carter Gregory 
Published: January 2020

Background: Hospital-treated deliberate self-poisoning is common, with a median patient age of around 33 years. Clinicians are less familiar with assessing older adults with self-poisoning and little is known about their specific clinical requirements. Objective: To identify clinically important factors in the older-age population by comparing older adults (65+ years) with middle-aged adults (45–64 years) during an index episode of hospital-treated deliberate self-poisoning. Methods: A prospective, longitudinal, cohort study of people presenting to a regional referral centre for deliberate self-poisoning (Calvary Mater Newcastle, Australia) over a 10-year period (2003–2013). We compared older-aged adults with middle-aged adults on demographic, toxicological and psychiatric variables and modelled independent predictors of referral for psychiatric hospitalisation on discharge with logistic regression. Results: There were ( n = 157) older-aged and ( n = 925) middle-aged adults. The older-aged group was similar to the middle-aged group in several ways: proportion living alone, reporting suicidal ideation/planning, prescribed antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs, and with a psychiatric diagnosis. However, the older-aged group were also different in several ways: greater proportion with cognitive impairment, higher medical morbidity, longer length of stay, and greater prescription and ingestion of benzodiazepines in the deliberate self-poisoning event. Older age was not a predictor of referral for psychiatric hospitalisation in the multivariate model. Conclusion: Older-aged patients treated for deliberate self-poisoning have a range of clinical needs including ones that are both similar to and different from middle-aged patients. Individual clinical assessment to identify these needs should be followed by targeted interventions, including reduced exposure to benzodiazepines.
Dual diagnosis: A systematic review of the organization of community health services
Authors: Fantuzzi Claudia , Mezzina Roberto 
Published: January 2020

Background: Dual diagnosis (DD), as the co-occurrence of a substance use disorder and a psychiatric disorder, is underestimated, under-diagnosed and often poorly treated throughout the world, although it is highly prevalent in people suffering from a mental disorder. Aims and methods: This review analyzed 48 studies from a PubMed and PsycINFO databases search, in order to verify the state of the art regarding the organization of community health services for DD treatment. Results: Four macro-themes have been identified: service organization, critical issues, assessment tools and evidence-based interventions. An effective service recognizes the complexity of DD, promotes a common staff culture, and tailors the organization to local needs. The main critical issues in its implementation include the lack of specific staff training, the poor management of resources and the need for greater personalization of care plans, with attention to psychosocial interventions. Integrated service assessment tools can be used as a benchmark measure at the program level for implementation planning and at the national level to affect policy change. The integrated treatment model for DD should also aim to improve access to care and offer treatments based on scientific evidence. It is also evident that the integration of services can improve outcomes but it is not a guarantee for it. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to improve networking between mental health and addiction services in order to deal with DD and create new integrated intervention models, paying attention to an approach to the whole person, seen in his/her absolute uniqueness.
“Good” and “Bad” Workers and the Collapse of the Expected Life Course: The Postwar Working Class in Detroit (USA) and Łódź (Poland), 1940s–1980s
Authors: Zysiak Agata 
Published: January 2020

Two former industrial giants on opposite sides of the globe—the well-known and extensively studied city of Detroit (USA) and the lesser-known but regionally important city of Łódź (Poland)—developed in historically differing economic and political circumstances but have much in common. In both cases, postwar prosperity brought the working class to the center of the social imaginary, resulting in the emergence of a corporate welfare state on one side of the Atlantic Ocean and a socialist one on the other. Thus, two “workers’ El Dorados” were based on almost opposite lifestyles, values and models of society, and each lasted for no more than one generation. Changes in industrial structures and locations, the inflexibility of the mono-industrial giants, and a general shift to late capitalism and the post-Fordist mode of production affected both cities. Workers’ biographies were experienced through the primacy of work as a means of individual, social, and state reproduction. Factory work offered a device for the allocation of social worth and welfare benefits across time in both contexts. The latter is examined by the construct of a “good worker” and the creation of an imagined, expected life course in the postwar welfare projects, as well as the generational division of workers.
Physical Activity Surveillance Using Wearable Activity Monitors: Are US Adults Willing to Share Their Data?
Authors: Hyde Eric T. , Omura John D. , Fulton Janet E. , Weldy Andre , Carlson Susan A. 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: Wearable activity monitors (wearables) have generated interest for national physical activity (PA) surveillance; however, concerns exist related to estimates obtained from current users willing to share data. We examined how limiting data to current users who are willing to share data associated with PA estimates in a nationwide sample. Design: Cross-sectional web-based survey. Setting: US adults. Subjects: In total, 942 respondents. Measures: The 2018 Government & Academic Omnibus Survey assessing current wearable use, willingness to share data with various people or organizations, and PA levels. Analysis: Estimated the prevalence of current wearable use; current users’ willingness to share data with various people or organizations; and PA levels overall, among current users, and among current users willing to share their data. Results: Overall, 21.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 19.1-24.5) of US adults reported currently using a wearable. Among current users, willingness to share ranged from 40.1% with a public health agency to 76.3% with their health-care provider. Overall, 62.2% (95% CI: 58.9-65.3) of adults were physically active. These levels were similar between current users (75.0%, 95% CI: 68.3-80.7) and current users willing to share their data (75.3%, 95% CI: 67.9-81.5). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that using data from wearable users may overestimate PA levels, although reported willingness to share the data may not compound this issue.
Correlation between neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and soluble CD14 subtype on the prognosis evaluation of acute paraquat poisoning patients
Authors: Gao X , Wang W-Z , Xiao Q-M , Qi H-N , Zhu B-Y , Li B-Y , Wang P , Han Y-Y 
Published: January 2020

Objective: The objective of this article is to study the correlation between neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and soluble CD14 subtype (presepsin) on the severity and prognosis evaluation of acute paraquat poisoning (APP) patients. Materials and methods: We studied 120 APP patients who were divided into three groups: light (28 cases), moderate (52 cases), and heavy poisoning (40 cases) groups. Twenty healthy volunteers were enrolled as controls. Results: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurred in 86 APP patients (71.7%, 86 of 120). In AKI group, urine NGAL was elevated 3 h after treatment, serum NGAL was elevated 24 h after treatment, and serum creatine (SCr) was elevated 2 days after treatment, which were all significantly higher than non-AKI group. Compared with control group, there were significant differences in presepsin and acute physiology and chronic health status (APACHE) II score of different poisoning groups. There were significant differences in detection indices 24 h, 3 days, and 7 days after treatment among different poisoning groups. There was a positive correlation between urine NGAL and serum paraquat concentration, urine NGAL, and AKI morbidity ( r 1 = 0.974, r 2 = 0.766, p < 0.001), suggesting higher urine NGAL level indicated higher AKI morbidity. Receiver operating characteristic curves analysis suggested serum presepsin level and urine NGAL level had higher sensitivity and specificity than APACHE II score when predicting 28-day mortality of APP patients. Conclusion: Serum and urine NGAL level is elevated earlier than SCr, which is important for the early diagnosis of APP. Serum presepsin and urine NGAL levels can be used as markers to diagnose the severity of AKI and predict the mortality of APP patients.