bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poets of Promotion: Corporate Personality and Crowd Psychology in Guy Thorne and Leo Custance’s Sharks (1904)
Authors: Nielsen Jakob Gaardbo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This article deals with the relationship between fin-de-siècle crowd psychology and joint-stock companies in late Victorian and early Edwardian financial novels, most notably Guy Thorne and Leo Custance’s Sharks (1904). This satirical novel is not only an anatomy of the turn-of-the-century joint-stock economy, but also a critical examination of the legal principle of corporate personality and the ontology of the financial corporation. Tracing the launch and life of a ridiculously speculative joint-stock company, and employing a central metaphor of emergent corporative agency drawn from contemporary crowd psychologists such as Gustave Le Bon, the novel applies the formal logic of incorporation as a narrative principle and constructs a dystopic, farcical vision of the possibilities inherent in joint-stock companies for organizing, ordering, and connecting individuals. The article argues that, by positing the corporate person as a beheaded Leviathan, the novel portrays joint-stock business, and particularly the promotion of new companies, as an eminently imaginative kind of work, involving not simply the dissemination of financial information, but also an affective preconditioning of the investing public by means of an excessive production of texts across the period’s booming print industries.
Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema in an Active-Duty Female Triathlete
Authors: Haran James B , Donaldson Chase , Kicker Patrick W 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSwimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE) is a noncardiogenic form of acute pulmonary edema infrequently described in the general military literature. Its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Treatment is supportive. Knowledge of SIPE is important for the military physician and should remain a top differential for any patient presenting with acute pulmonary edema following a water sport. This is the case of a patient with SIPE occurring during the swim portion of a Half Ironman Triathlon.
Exploring Theta Burst Stimulation for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Australian Veterans—A Pilot Study
Authors: Nursey Jane , Sbisa Alyssa , Knight Holly , Ralph Naomi , Cowlishaw Sean , Forbes David , O’Donnell Meaghan , Hinton Mark , Cooper John , Hopwood Malcolm , McFarlane Alexander , Herring Sally , Fitzgerald Paul 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe and debilitating condition affecting a significant proportion of the veteran community. A substantial number of veterans with PTSD fail to benefit from trauma-focused psychological therapies or pharmacotherapy or are left with residual symptoms, and therefore, investigation of new and innovative treatment is required. Theta Burst Stimulation (TBS) is a novel form of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, which has been shown to improve depression symptoms and associated cognitive deficits. The current pilot study aimed to explore the acceptability, safety, and tolerability of intermittent TBS (iTBS) as a treatment for PTSD in Australian veterans.

Materials and Methods
This study employed a case series, repeated-measures design. Eight Australian Defence Force veterans with PTSD received 20 bilateral iTBS treatments (1 session per day, 5 days per week over a 4-week period) and were assessed on a range of mental health and neuropsychological measures, including the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), at pretreatment, post-treatment, and a 3-month follow-up.

Results
Treatment was generally welltolerated, with reported side-effects including mild to moderate site-specific cranial pain and headaches during stimulation, which were relieved with the use of low dose analgesics. No serious side effects or adverse events were reported. Participants exhibited reductions in both PTSD and depression symptom severity (the repeated-measures effect size [dRM] for the CAPS-5 was −1.78, and the HAM-D was −1.16 post-treatment), as well as improvements in working memory and processing speed. Although significance cannot be inferred, these preliminary estimates of effect size indicate change over time.

Conclusions
Bilateral iTBS appears to be welltolerated by Australian veterans. Within this repeated-measures case series, iTBS treatment shows promise in reducing both PTSD and mood symptoms, as well as improving cognitive difficulties associated with these disorders. Large-scale randomized controlled trials of this promising treatment are warranted.
SMOOTH, NONSYMPLECTIC EMBEDDINGS OF RATIONAL BALLS IN THE COMPLEX PROJECTIVE PLANE
Authors: Owens Brendan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We exhibit an infinite family of rational homology balls, which embed smoothly but not symplectically in the complex projective plane. We also obtain a new lattice embedding obstruction from Donaldson’s diagonalization theorem and use this to show that no two of our examples may be embedded disjointly.
Introduction to Interdisciplinary Roles in a Nursing Leadership Course
Authors: Yordy Morgan , Lambert Ann , Parker Francine 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Active learning experiences for undergraduate nursing students build upon their understanding of concepts that transfer to new learning skills throughout the curriculum. Faculty implemented a leadership simulation in the classroom focusing on communication skills as a nurse leader to better understand the role of the nurse in the interdisciplinary team. The classroom setting is an ideal platform to teach interdisciplinary collaboration when opportunities do not present in the clinical setting. Scaffolding simulation experiences throughout the curriculum helps bridge the knowledge and skills gap between classroom and clinical experiences.
A National, Qualitative Study of the Motivators and Outcomes of Nurse Educator Certification
Authors: Lindell Deborah F. , Hagler Debra , Poindexter Kathleen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

AIM
This qualitative study sought to describe motivators and outcomes of academic nurse education certification.

BACKGROUND
Several studies have explored perceptions of the value of nurse educator certification (CNE). However, there is a gap in understanding motivators and outcomes of certification as a nurse educator.

METHOD
As part of a larger, web-based, mixed-method study, a national sample of certified and noncertified nursing educator administrators and faculty responded to nine open-ended questions. The inductive content analysis approach was used to identify constructs and themes.

RESULTS
From an overall sample of 721 participants, three constructs and associated themes emerged.

CONCLUSION
Motivators for pursing CNE align with previously reported intrinsic values. Participants seek extrinsic rewards as well. Educator outcomes include enhanced teaching and expanded roles. Student outcomes were less clear. Further study of outcomes of CNE is recommended to promote recognition of academic nursing education as an advanced nursing specialty.
Exploring the Contributions of Combined Model Regional Medical Education Campuses to the Physician Workforce
Authors: Bates Joanna , Grand’Maison Paul , Banner Sandra R. , Lovato Chris Y. , Eva Kevin W. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
Physician shortages and maldistribution, particularly within family medicine, have led many medical schools worldwide to create regional medical campuses (RMCs) for clerkship training. However, Canadian medical schools have developed a number of RMCs in which all years of training (i.e., a combined model that includes both preclerkship and clinical training) are provided geographically separate from the main campus. This study addresses the question: Are combined model RMC graduates more likely to enter postgraduate training in family medicine and rural-focused programs relative to main campus graduates?

Method
The authors used a quasi-experimental research design and analyzed 2006–2016 data from the Canadian Resident Matching Service (CaRMS). Graduating students (N = 26,525) from 16 Canadian medical schools who applied for the CaRMS match in their year of medical school graduation were eligible for inclusion. The proportions of graduates who matched to postgraduate training in (1) family medicine and (2) rural-focused programs were compared for combined model RMCs and main campuses.

Results
Of RMC graduates, 48.4% matched to family medicine (95% confidence interval [CI] = 46.1–50.7) compared with 37.1% of main campus graduates (95% CI = 36.5–37.7; P < .001). Of RMC graduates, 23.9% matched to rural-focused training programs (95% CI = 21.8–25.9) compared with 10.4% of main campus graduates (95% CI = 10.0–10.8; P < .001). Subanalyses ruled out a variety of potentially confounding variables.

Conclusions
Combined model RMCs, in which all years of training take place away from the medical school’s main campus, are associated with greater proportions of medical students entering family medicine postgraduate training and rural-focused training programs. These findings should encourage policymakers, health services agencies, and medical schools to continue seeking complements to academic medical center-based medical education.
Growth Disturbance Following Intra-articular Distal Radius Fractures in the Skeletally Immature Patient
Authors: Kallini Jennifer R. , Fu Eric C. , Shah Apurva S. , Waters Peter M. , Bae Donald S. 
Published: June 2020

Introduction:
The purpose of this study was to characterize the incidence of growth disturbance following intra-articular distal radius fractures in skeletally immature patients and to assess early radiographic and functional outcomes.

Methods:
A retrospective investigation of pediatric patients with intra-articular distal radius fractures between 1997 and 2012 at a single institution was performed. Pathologic fractures and fractures in patients with closed physes were excluded. In total, 28 patients (24 males, 4 females), with a mean age of 13.8 years and mean follow-up of 31.7 months, met inclusion criteria. Fractures were categorized according to the Salter-Harris classification, and all radiographs were assessed for evidence of physeal disturbance. Information regarding treatment and early clinical results were obtained from a medical record review. Functional outcomes using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) and Modified Mayo Wrist Score (MMWS) were collected. Fisher exact test was used to compare the incidence of physeal arrest in the study population to previously published rates of physeal arrest in extra-articular fractures involving the distal radius. Because the data were not parametrically distributed, the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test was used to compare those who did and did not develop physeal arrest.

Results:
Of the 28 patients, 9 (32%) sustained Salter-Harris III fractures and 19 (68%) sustained Salter-Harris IV fractures. Growth disturbance occurred in 12 (43%) patients, comprised of 3 Salter-Harris III fractures and 9 Salter-Harris IV fractures; 7 of these patients underwent surgical intervention to address deformity. All 4 children age 10 years or younger had growth arrests that underwent subsequent procedures for a skeletal rebalancing of the wrist. No significant differences in DASH or MMWS were seen in the short term between patients who did or did not have physeal arrest.

Conclusions:
Intra-articular distal radius fractures in skeletally immature patients have a considerably higher rate of physeal growth arrest than extra-articular physeal fractures. Following acute management aimed at restoring and preserving anatomic physeal and articular alignment, follow-up radiographs should be obtained to evaluate for physeal arrest in skeletally immature children. Patients and families should be counseled regarding the high rate of growth disturbance and the potential need for deformity correction in the future, particularly in younger children.

Level of Evidence:
IV—case series.
Assessment and management of low anterior resection syndrome after sphincter preserving surgery for rectal cancer
Authors: Sakr Ahmad , Sauri Fozan , Alessa Mohammed , Zakarnah Eman , Alawfi Homoud , Torky Radwan , Kim Ho Seung , Yang Seung Yoon , Kim Nam Kyu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Many patients develop a variety of bowel dysfunction after sphincter preserving surgeries (SPS) for rectal cancer. The bowel dysfunction usually manifests in the form of low anterior resection syndrome (LARS), which has a negative impact on the patients’ quality of life. This study reviewed the LARS after SPS, its mechanism, risk factors, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment based on previously published studies. Adequate history taking, physical examination of the patients, using validated questionnaires and other diagnostic tools are important for assessment of LARS severity. Treatment of LARS should be tailored to each patient. Multimodal therapy is usually needed for patients with major LARS with acceptable results. The treatment includes conservative management in the form of medical, pelvic floor rehabilitation and transanal irrigation and invasive procedures including neuromodulation. If this treatment failed, fecal diversion may be needed. In conclusion, Initial meticulous dissection with preservation of nerves and creation of a neorectal reservoir during anastomosis and proper Kegel exercise of the anal sphincter can minimize the occurrence of LARS. Pre-treatment counseling is an essential step for patients who have risk factors for developing LARS.
Small airway immunoglobulin A profile in emphysema-predominant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Liu Hu , Tang Huo-Yan , Xu Jian-Ying , Pang Zhi-Gang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Due to airway remodeling and emphysematous destruction in the lung, the two classical clinical phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are emphysema and bronchiolitis. The present study was designed to investigate the levels of small airway immunoglobulin A (IgA) in COPD with “emphysema phenotype.” The study also evaluated the associations between the small airway IgA levels and the severity of disease by the extent of emphysema versus airflow limitation.

Methods
Thirty patients (20 with COPD and ten healthy smokers) undergoing lung resection surgery for a solitary peripheral nodule were included. The study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2018 in the Shanxi Dayi Hospital. The presence of small airway IgA expression was determined in the lung by immunohistochemistry. In vivo, Wistar rats were exposed to silica by intratracheal instillation. Rats were sacrificed at 15 and 30 days after exposure of silica (n = 10 for each group). We also evaluated airway IgA from rats.

Results
Small airway secretory IgA (sIgA), dimeric IgA (dIgA), and dIgA/sIgA of Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease grade 1–2 COPD patients showed no difference compared with smoking control subjects (5.15 ± 1.53 vs. 6.03 ± 0.85; 1.94 ± 0.66 vs. 1.67 ± 0.04; 41.69 ± 21.02 vs. 28.44 ± 9.45, all P > 0.05). dIgA/sIgA level in the lung of COPD patients with emphysema showed higher levels than that of COPD patients without emphysema (51.89 ± 24.81 vs. 31.49 ± 9.28, P = 0.03). The percentage of low-attenuation area below 950 Hounsfield units was positively correlated with dIgA/sIgA levels (r = 0.45, P = 0.047), but not associated with the severity of disease by spirometric measurements (forced expiratory volume in the first second %pred, P > 0.05). Likewise, in the rat study, significant differences in sIgA, dIgA, dIgA/sIgA, mean linear intercept, mean alveoli number, and mean airway thickness of bronchioles (VV airway, all P < 0.01) were only observed between control rats and those exposed for 30 days. However, in the group exposed for 15 days, although the VV airway was higher than that in normal rats (27.61 ± 2.26 vs. 20.39 ± 1.99, P < 0.01), there were no significant differences in IgA and emphysema parameters between the two groups (all P > 0.05).

Conclusion
Airway IgA concentrations in mild and moderate COPD patients are directly associated with the severity of COPD with “emphysema phenotype” preceding severe airway limitation. This finding suggests that small airway IgA might play an important role in the pathophysiology of COPD, especially emphysema phenotype.
A guide to human microbiome research: study design, sample collection, and bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Qian Xu-Bo , Chen Tong , Xu Yi-Ping , Chen Lei , Sun Fu-Xiang , Lu Mei-Ping , Liu Yong-Xin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this review is to provide medical researchers, especially those without a bioinformatics background, with an easy-to-understand summary of the concepts and technologies used in microbiome research. First, we define primary concepts such as microbiota, microbiome, and metagenome. Then, we discuss study design schemes, the methods of sample size calculation, and the methods for improving the reliability of research. We emphasize the importance of negative and positive controls in this section. Next, we discuss statistical analysis methods used in microbiome research, focusing on problems with multiple comparisons and ways to compare β-diversity between groups. Finally, we provide step-by-step pipelines for bioinformatics analysis. In summary, the meticulous study design is a key step to obtaining meaningful results, and appropriate statistical methods are important for accurate interpretation of microbiome data. The step-by-step pipelines provide researchers with insights into newly developed bioinformatics analysis methods.
Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 46 is essential for survival and proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia cell line but dispensable for normal hematopoiesis
Authors: Liu Yuan-Yuan , Xiao Fei-Fei , Yang Bi-Jie , Li Xi , Xu Shuang-Nian , Chen Zhi-Wei , Li Ping , Huang Yong-Xiu , Fu Xue-Mei , Huang Xing-Qin , Zheng Guang-Ling , Chen Jie-Ping , Hou Yu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 46 (Zbtb46) is a transcription factor identified in classical dendritic cells, and maintains dendritic cell quiescence in a steady state. Zbtb46 has been reported to be a negative indicator of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We found that Zbtb46 was expressed at a relatively higher level in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) compared to mature cells, and higher in AML cells compared to normal bone marrow (BM) cells. However, the role of Zbtb46 in HSPCs and AML cells remains unclear. Therefore, we sought to elucidate the effect of Zbtb46 in normal hematopoiesis and AML cells.

Methods
We generated Zbtb46
fl/fl and Zbtb46
fl/fl
Mx1-Cre mice. The deletion of Zbtb46 in Zbtb46
fl/fl
Mx1-Cre mice was induced by intraperitoneal injection of double-stranded poly (I). poly (C) (poly(I:C)), and referred as Zbtb46 cKO. After confirming the deletion of Zbtb46, the frequency and numbers of HSPCs and mature blood cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Serial intraperitoneal injection of 5-fluorouracil was administrated to determine the repopulation ability of HSCs from Zbtb46
fl/fl and Zbtb46 cKO mice. The correlation between Zbtb46 expression and prognosis was analyzed using the data from the Cancer Genome Atlas. To investigate the role of Zbtb46 in AML cells, we knocked down the expression of Zbtb46 in THP-1 cells using lentiviral vectors expressing small hairpin RNAs targeting Zbtb46. Cell proliferation rate was determined by cell count assay. Cell apoptosis and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation were determined by flow cytometry.

Results
The percentages and absolute numbers of HSPCs and mature blood cells were comparable in Zbtb46 cKO mice and its Zbtb46
fl/fl littermates (Zbtb46
fl/fl
vs. Zbtb46 cKO, HPC: 801,310 ± 84,282 vs. 907,202 ± 97,403, t = 0.82, P = 0.46; LSK: 86,895 ± 7802 vs. 102,210 ± 5025, t = 1.65, P = 0.17; HSC: 19,753 ± 3116 vs. 17,608 ± 3508, t = 0.46, P = 0.67). The repopulation ability of HSCs from Zbtb46
fl/fl
Mx1-Cre mice was similar to those from Zbtb46
fl/fl control (P = 0.26). Zbtb46 had elevated expression in AML cells compared to total BM cells from normal control. Knockdown of Zbtb46 in THP-1 cells led to a significant increase in cell apoptosis and reduced cell growth and proliferation.

Conclusion
Collectively, our data indicate that Zbtb46 is essential for survival and proliferation of AML cells, but dispensable for normal hematopoiesis.
Survivors’ Perceptions of Quality of Colorectal Cancer Care by Sexual Orientation
Authors: Boehmer Ulrike , Clark Melissa A. , Ozonoff Al , Winter Michael , Potter Jennifer 
Published: June 2020

Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess sexual minority and heterosexual survivors’ perceived quality of cancer care and identify demographic, clinical, and psychosocial characteristics associated with patient-centered quality of care.

Materials and Methods:
Four cancer registries provided data on 17,849 individuals who were diagnosed with stage I, II, or III colorectal cancer an average of 3 years prior and resided in predetermined diverse geographic areas. A questionnaire, which queried about sexual orientation and other eligibility criteria was mailed to all cancer survivors. Of these, 480 eligible survivors participated in a telephone survey. Quality of cancer care was defined by 3 measures of interpersonal care (physician communication, nursing care, and coordination of care) and by rating cancer care as excellent. We used generalized linear models and logistic regression with forward selection to obtain models that best explained each quality of care measure.

Results:
Sexual minority survivors rated physician communication, nursing care, and coordination of care similarly to heterosexual survivors, yet a significantly higher percentage of sexual minority survivors rated the overall quality of their cancer care as excellent (59% vs. 49%). Sexual minority survivors’ greater likelihood of reporting excellent care remained unchanged after adjusting for demographic, clinical, and psychosocial characteristics.

Conclusions:
Sexual minority survivors’ ratings of quality of colorectal cancer care were comparable or even higher than heterosexual survivors. Sexual minority survivors’ reports of excellent care were not explained by their interpersonal care experiences.
Extensive Scarring Alopecia Treated Through a Single Dense-Packing Follicular Unit Extraction Megasession
Authors: Zhu De-Cong , Liu Pei-Hua , Fan Zhe-Xiang , Hu Zhi-Qi , Miao Yong 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND
Follicular unit extraction (FUE) is becoming more popular in hair restoration. However, its potential for treating extensive scarring alopecia is unknown.

METHODS
Patients with scarring alopecia larger than 100 cm2 were enrolled from 2015 to 2018. After assessing scar quality regarding vascularity, pliability, and thickness, dense-packing megasession (DPM)-FUE was performed on high-quality recipient sites. Patients were followed up at 1 week and 12 months postoperatively to evaluate complications, survival rates of grafts, and patient satisfactions. Cases of nonscarring alopecia were reviewed as controls.

RESULTS
Fifty-two scarring alopecia and 55 nonscarring alopecia patients were enrolled. The mean scar area was 120 cm2, and the procedure required an average of 8 operative hours, with no difference between groups (p > .05). Graft amount and postoperative complications were similar as well (p > .05). The survival rate in scarring alopecia was lower than that in the control but was still 85% (p < .05). Follow-up photographs showed effective scar camouflage after DPM-FUE. Most patients were very satisfied with the final results (p > .05).

CONCLUSION
DPM-FUE is a safe and effective treatment for extensive scarring alopecia.