bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A contact angle study of different greywater sources with hydrophobic membranes
Authors: Ramezanianpour Mohammad , Sivakumar Muttucumaru , Osborn Natalie , Zhang Ying , Kawa Hakim 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The wetting phenomenon is a major problem in the membrane distillation (MD) process, and it is the main reason that limits MD being used in wastewater reclamation. Active surfactant in the detergents reduces the contact angle between the liquid and the hydrophobic membrane surface, which could result in wetting. Extensive laboratory research was conducted using commercial hydrophobic flat-sheet membranes to identify the impact of anionic surfactants and surface tension forces on these membranes. The aim of this paper is to find a suitable membrane for pure water production from greywater using MD, as well as to provide a relationship between surfactant concentration and the contact angle for different types of membrane. The absorbance of each sample was measured by a spectrophotometer prior to the contact angle test on four different types of hydrophobic membranes. It was concluded that the polypropylene membrane would be unsuitable for the treatment of greywater directly due to the loss of surface tension forces upon the addition of an anionic surfactant. However, the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane could be effective in this process while the concentration of surfactant in the feed source is kept constant. The results from the experimental tests proposed a relationship between the contact angle of a water droplet on the surface of a flat-sheet membrane and the concentration of surfactant in the solution.
Pathophysiological Effects of Sulfur Mustard on Skin and its Current Treatments: Possible Application of Phytochemicals
Authors: Hassanpour Mehdi , Hajihassani Fateme , Abdollahpourasl Mina , Cheraghi Omid , Aghamohamadzade Nasser , Rahbargazi Reza , Nouri Mohammad , Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi Younes , Zarghami Nosratollah , Akbarzadeh Abolfazl , Panahi Yunes , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: July 2020

Background:Sulfur-(SM) and nitrogen (NM)-based mustards are the mutagenic incapacitating compounds which are widely used in vesicating the chemical warfare and cause toxicity in many organs, especially skin. SM, as a potent vesicating agent, contributes to the destruction of skin in dermis and epidermis layers. The progression of the lesion depends on the concentration of SM and the duration of exposure. Body responses start with pruritus, erythema, edema and xerosis, which lead to the accumulation of immune cells in the target sites and recruitment of mast cells and paracrine-mediated activity. Pro-inflammatory effectors are accumulated in the epidermis, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands resulting in the destruction of the basement membrane beneath the epidermis. There is still no satisfactory countermeasure against SM-induced lesions in clinical therapy, and the symptomatic or supportive treatments are routine management approaches.Objective:The current review highlights the recent progression of herbal medicines application in SM-induced injuries through the illustrative examples and also demonstrates their efficacies, properties and mechanism of actions as therapeutic agents.Conclusion:Phytochemicals and herbal extracts with anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties have been recently shown to hold therapeutic promise against the SM-induced cutaneous complications. The present review discusses the possible application of herbal medicines in the healing of SM-induced injuries.
Do Drugs Work for ΟΑΒ Following Prostate Cancer Surgery
Authors: Sakalis Vasileios , Gkotsi Anastasia 
Published: July 2020

:
There is evidence that post-radical prostatectomy (post-RP) incontinence is not just the insufficiency
of the external urethral sphincter mechanism. Up to a third of men with post-RP incontinence
suffer from bladder dysfunction, namely overactive bladder (OAB). OAB is a complex symptom
syndrome with poorly defined pathophysiology. It causes a significant burden to patients, negatively
affects the quality of their life and its management might be difficult and challenging.

:
The incidence of post-RP OAB ranges from 15.2 to 37.8%. The aetiology is multifactorial and includes
the partial decentralization of the bladder, the detrusor underactivity, the bladder outlet obstruction
and the co-existence with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Post-RP SUI may lead to defunctionalized
bladder and activation of urethrovesical reflex which further deteriorate post-RP continence.
The diagnostic work-up of men with post-RP OAB should aim to identify potential aetiologic factors
and personalize the treatment accordingly.

:
Until now, there is no robust data from literature with regards to post-RP OAB management. It seems
that anticholinergics and PDE5 inhibitors are effective in improving OAB parameters.
Communicative integrity and moral education
Authors: Lipscomb Martin 
Published: July 2020

This paper suggests that moral education might be advanced where students are granted expressive tolerance in academic work. It is acknowledged that, in some instances, expressive tolerance may result in the disclosure of morally questionable or discriminatory opinions and that this disclosure presents difficulties for educators. However, it is argued that moral education is hampered by any process that blocks open and honest communication/debate and it is suggested that communicative
integrity between educators and students may be foreclosed when educators from practice-based disciplines that espouse strong moral claims impose non-academic normative or professional values upon debate and/or assignment assessment (marking). It is noted that significant logical and practical problems attend attempts to 'police' moral content and, to illustrate these problems, an argument that might be described as homophobic is presented. It is suggested that educators who threaten or
act to penalise or fail student written work containing discriminatory statements/arguments such as that described in the 'homophobic' example may encourage students who hold such opinions to hide (self-censor) their views so that such views
remain or continue unexamined. It is proposed that communicative integrity in educator-student relations is a necessary prerequisite for open dialogue and moral development/education.
The wider dimensions of academic integrity
Authors: Astore William 
Published: July 2020

Plenary Address: Annual International Conference of the Center for Academic
Integrity St. Louis, Missouri
17 October 2009

In this presentation I'd like to focus on the wider dimensions of academic integrity. To participate in this conversation, we need to turn a mirror on ourselves – as an academic community– and ask whether we're setting the right example for our students, and also whether our rhetoric of integrity is consistent with the reality of our academic world.
Understanding the need: Using collaboratively created draft guiding principles to direct online synchronous learning in Indigenous communities
Authors: Eady Michelle , Woodcock Stuart 
Published: July 2020

This article reports on the experience of members of an Australian Aboriginal community as they used synchronous computer technologies to enhance their literacy learning. The aspiration to learn meaningful and relevant literacy and computer skills was discussed in focus groups, as well as the need to articulate the group's position within the wider community, the value of the wisdom of the Elders, and the importance of the dissemination of traditional language and Aboriginal knowledge. Educational integrity was deeply embedded in the project's approach to the Aboriginal learning experience, and included ensuring respect for cultural needs and traditions, as well as acknowledging the learners as active participants of their own learning. Successful implementation of the project led to the creation of the Community Strength Model (CSM) based on the premise of Henderson's multiple cultural model, which incorporates ethnic minority and Indigenous culture as a cultural logic to be respected and included in the development of Indigenous e-learning activities. The process of the project helped to clarify the importance of Indigenous and cultural contributions to the model while approaching new learning experiences using digital technologies. The research provides a set of principles to guide future researchers and practitioners in working with technology in Indigenous communities in integrative
ways.
What You Need to Know Before Implementing a Clinical Research Data Warehouse: Comparative Review of Integrated Data Repositories in Health Care Institutions
Authors: Gagalova Kristina K , Leon Elizalde M Angelica , Portales-Casamar Elodie , Görges Matthias 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundIntegrated data repositories (IDRs), also referred to as clinical data warehouses, are platforms used for the integration of several data sources through specialized analytical tools that facilitate data processing and analysis. IDRs offer several opportunities for clinical data reuse, and the number of institutions implementing an IDR has grown steadily in the past decade.ObjectiveThe architectural choices of major IDRs are highly diverse and determining their differences can be overwhelming. This review aims to explore the underlying models and common features of IDRs, provide a high-level overview for those entering the field, and propose a set of guiding principles for small- to medium-sized health institutions embarking on IDR implementation.MethodsWe reviewed manuscripts published in peer-reviewed scientific literature between 2008 and 2020, and selected those that specifically describe IDR architectures. Of 255 shortlisted articles, we found 34 articles describing 29 different architectures. The different IDRs were analyzed for common features and classified according to their data processing and integration solution choices.ResultsDespite common trends in the selection of standard terminologies and data models, the IDRs examined showed heterogeneity in the underlying architecture design. We identified 4 common architecture models that use different approaches for data processing and integration. These different approaches were driven by a variety of features such as data sources, whether the IDR was for a single institution or a collaborative project, the intended primary data user, and purpose (research-only or including clinical or operational decision making).ConclusionsIDR implementations are diverse and complex undertakings, which benefit from being preceded by an evaluation of requirements and definition of scope in the early planning stage. Factors such as data source diversity and intended users of the IDR influence data flow and synchronization, both of which are crucial factors in IDR architecture planning.
Visualization Environment for Federated Knowledge Graphs: Development of an Interactive Biomedical Query Language and Web Application Interface
Authors: Cox Steven , Ahalt Stanley C , Balhoff James , Bizon Chris , Fecho Karamarie , Kebede Yaphet , Morton Kenneth , Tropsha Alexander , Wang Patrick , Xu Hao 
Published: July 2020

Background
Efforts are underway to semantically integrate large biomedical knowledge graphs using common upper-level ontologies to federate graph-oriented application programming interfaces (APIs) to the data. However, federation poses several challenges, including query routing to appropriate knowledge sources, generation and evaluation of answer subsets, semantic merger of those answer subsets, and visualization and exploration of results.

Objective
We aimed to develop an interactive environment for query, visualization, and deep exploration of federated knowledge graphs.

Methods
We developed a biomedical query language and web application interphase—termed as Translator Query Language (TranQL)—to query semantically federated knowledge graphs and explore query results. TranQL uses the Biolink data model as an upper-level biomedical ontology and an API standard that has been adopted by the Biomedical Data Translator Consortium to specify a protocol for expressing a query as a graph of Biolink data elements compiled from statements in the TranQL query language. Queries are mapped to federated knowledge sources, and answers are merged into a knowledge graph, with mappings between the knowledge graph and specific elements of the query. The TranQL interactive web application includes a user interface to support user exploration of the federated knowledge graph.

Results
We developed 2 real-world use cases to validate TranQL and address biomedical questions of relevance to translational science. The use cases posed questions that traversed 2 federated Translator API endpoints: Integrated Clinical and Environmental Exposures Service (ICEES) and Reasoning Over Biomedical Objects linked in Knowledge Oriented Pathways (ROBOKOP). ICEES provides open access to observational clinical and environmental data, and ROBOKOP provides access to linked biomedical entities, such as “gene,” “chemical substance,” and “disease,” that are derived largely from curated public data sources. We successfully posed queries to TranQL that traversed these endpoints and retrieved answers that we visualized and evaluated.

Conclusions
TranQL can be used to ask questions of relevance to translational science, rapidly obtain answers that require assertions from a federation of knowledge sources, and provide valuable insights for translational research and clinical practice.
Designing, Cytotoxic Evaluation, Molecular Docking and in Silico Pharmacokinetic Prediction of New Hydrocortisone Derivatives as Anti-Asthmatics Drugs
Authors: Bououden Walid , Benguerba Yacine 
Published: July 2020

A series of new 20 corticosteroids were subjected to molecular property prediction. The Molecular, Physicochemical, and Biological properties were determined using Molinspiration Cheminformatics software. These compounds were further subjected to Toxicity Predictions using the Osiris Software. The calculated drug-related properties of the designed molecules were similar to those found in most marketed drugs. Amongst the proposed molecules, fourteen promising candidates can be considered as promising structures for the synthesis of new and more effective anti-asthmatic drugs. Result indicates that the derivatives are orally active molecules. In-silico ADME and toxicity prediction was accomplished with the help of Swiss-ADMET tool provides the latest and most inclusive for diverse chemicals associated with known Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity profiles. furthermore, BBB (Blood brain barrier) penetration, HIA (Human intestinal absorption), Caco-2 cell permeability and Ames test were calculated using ADMET web-based query tools incorporating a molecular build in interface enable the database to be queried by Smiles and structural similarity search. According to molecular docking results, derivatives No 4, 10 and 11 showed better docking Scores values compared to other derivatives and also dexamethasone and hydrocortisone.
Keywords: Corticosteroids, Drug-likeness, Lipophilicity, Anti-asthmatic, ADME.
Method Development and Validation of Gemifloxacin in Tablet Dosage Form by RP-HPLC
Authors: Rudrapal Mithun , Hussain Nazim 
Published: July 2020

A simple, precise and accurate RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the estimation of gemifloxacin in the tablet dosage form. The separation was achieved on a reversed-phase C-18 column (250 x 4.6 mm i.d., 5 µm) using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/acetate buffer of pH 4.5 (70:30 v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and a detection wavelength of 244 nm. The separation was carried out on an isocratic mode at room temperature. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines for linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, LOD, LOQ and specificity. The developed method showed good linearity over the concentration range of 50-150 µg/ml (r2=0.995). The average percentage recovery was 99.77%. The LOD and LOQ were 12.678 µg/ml and 14.261 µg/ml, respectively. Based upon validation studies, the developed method can be successfully applied for the routine analysis of gemifloxacin in bulk drugs as well as pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Keywords: Gemifloxacin, Tablet dosage form, RP-HPLC, Validation, ICH guidelines
Virtual Screening, Molecular Docking and QSAR Studies in Drug Discovery and Development Programme
Authors: Rudrapal Mithun , Chetia Dipak 
Published: July 2020

Structure-based drug design (SBDD) and ligand-based drug design (LBDD) are the two basic approaches of computer-aided drug design (CADD) used in modern drug discovery and development programme. Virtual screening (or in silico screening) has been used in drug discovery program as a complementary tool to high throughput screening (HTS) to identify bioactive compounds. It is a preliminary tool of CADD that has gained considerable interest in the pharmaceutical research as a productive and cost-effective technology in search for novel molecules of medicinal interest. Docking is also used for virtual screening of new ligands on the basis of biological structures for identification of hits and generation of leads or optimization (potency/ property) of leads in drug discovery program. Hence, docking is approach of SBDD which plays an important role in rational designing of new drug molecules. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) is an important chemometric tool in computational drug design. It is a common practice of LBDD. The study of QSAR gives information related to structural features and/or physicochemical properties of structurally similar molecules to their biological activity. In this paper, a comprehensive review on several computational tools of SBDD and LBDD such as virtual screening, molecular docking and QSAR methods of and their applications in the drug discovery and development programme have been summarized.
Keywords: Virtual screening, Molecular docking, QSAR, Drug discovery, Lead molecule
Evaluation of Anthelmentic and Antimicrobial Activity of the Extract of the Root of the Plant Jasminum multiflorum(Andr.)
Authors: Pahari Sandip Kumar , Gupta B.K. , Debnath R. , Das A. 
Published: July 2020

As per qualitative evaluation in different solvents of the root of the plant satisfies the presence of cardiac glycosides along with trace quantities of steroid and saponins. Among them the petroleum ether extract of the root of the plant Jasminum multiflorum was evaluated for anthelmintic activity and the ethanolic extract was evaluated for antimicrobial activity.1,2 Traditionally this species are used in indolent ulcer, pitta and inflammation. Only few CNS activity are reported on ethanolic extract of aerial part of the plant, though the root of the plant is more potent as per folkore claim. The petroleum ether extract was investigated for anthelmentic activity using earthworm (Pheretima posthuma) at different concentration (5mg/ml – 50 mg/ml). As standard albendazole suspension (10mg/ml) and 3% solution of normal saline was used as control. The death and paralysis time were recorded and compared. Extract exhibit significant anthelmentic activity at (100mg/ml) concentration and found effective.1,3,4The ethanolic fraction of the root of the plant was collected and evaporated to dryness under vacuum to avoid the presence of even less quantity of ethanol in the extract. Two Gram (+ve) bacteria namely Bacillius subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and two Gram (-ve) ve bacteria namely Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia were selected for the estimation of antimicrobial activity depending on zone of inhibition. It was seen that 100mg/ml concentration of the extract showed maximum activity against Klebsiella pneumonia with a zone of inhibition 0.5mm and for others it ranged from 0.3 to 0.4 mm. 1,4,5
Keywords: Jasminum multiforum; anthelmintic; antimicrobial; zone of inhibition
Effect of Aluminium and Aqueous extract of Rosmarinus officinalis on rat Brain: Impact on Neurobehavioral and Histological study
Authors: Lahouel Zakia , Kharoubi Omar , Boussadia Amina , Bekkouche Zohra , Aoues Abdelkader 
Published: July 2020

'Rosmarinus officilnalis' is a plant used in Mediterranean diet and traditional medicine, possessing various antioxidant and cytoprotective bioactivities. In this study, we investigated the potential neuroprotective efficacy of aqueous Rosemary extract (AER) against neurotoxicity induced by Aluminum (Al), in terms of behavioral, biochemical and histological aspects in young rats. an intraperitoneal injection of Al, at the weekly dose of 60mg/Kg was given to the animals. A treatment of 150mg/Kg/day of AER was administered by gavage over periods of 6 or 12weeks. Al caused intense changes over time in body and brain weight, increase in neurological disorders such as depression, anxiety, and deficiency in memory skills. Results show also disturbances in locomotors activity, with a significant inhibition of AchE and increase LDH activity compared to control. Additionally, Al induced structural damages in the cerebral cortex, and the CA1 region of hippocampus. However, treatment with AER resulted in improved depression and anxiety state, locomotors activity and restored memory skills. Results show that AER increase the AchE activity and decreased neuronal loss in the cerebral cortex and the CA1 region of hippocampus with the 6weeks treatment but induced disruption and structural modification of brain tissue after the 12 weeks treatment. The Aqueous extract of Rosemary possess a neuroprotector and corrective effect against neurological alterations induced by Aluminum, but when administered over a long period of time, the extract can cause a no beneficial effect and morphologic modifications in cerebral tissue and behavior test.
Keywords: Rosmarinus officinalis, Aluminum, neuro-behavior, brain structure.
Penentuan Lama Kalsinasi Kalsium Karbonat CaCo₃ dari Batu Kapur Tanjung Karang Kabupaten Donggala
Authors: Tasari Sutriani , Iqbal  , Badaruddin  
Published: July 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang penentuan lama kalsinasi kalsium karbonat CaCO₃ dari batu kapur Tanjung Karang Kabupaten Donggala. Kandungan sampel hasil karakterisasi menggunakan alat XRF dan XRD. Hasil karakterisasi menggunakan alat XRF, kandungan unsur CaO (kalsium oksida) setelah kalsinasi selama 4 jam terlihat bahwa batu kapur memiliki presentase CaO terbesar pada penelitian ini yaitu 98,83% yang berarti terjadi keseimbangan ideal antara lama kalsinasi 4 jam dan suhu kalsinasi 950ºC. Sedangakan lama kalsinasi 5 jam persentase kandungan CaO menurun yaitu 98.11% dan untuk 6 jam persentase sebesar 97.87%. Hal ini karena kandungan senyawa CaO mulai mengalami perubahan menjadi senyawa lain sehingga persentase kandungan CaO berkurang. Pencocokan hasil analisis XRD dengan software Search Match memperlihatkan bahwa sampel CaO memiliki sistem kristal trigonal (heksagonal axes) dengan nilai konsatanta kisi pada 4 jam a=b=4.8120 Å dan c=5.3270 Å,untuk 5 jam sebesar a=b=4.94100 Å dan c=16.8540Å, dan untuk 6 jam sebesar a=b=4.9870 Å dan c=17.0580 Å. Sedangkan untuk perhitungan teori mendapatkan hasil konstanta kisi untuk sampel yang dikalsinasi pada 4 jam sebesar a=b=1.6649 Å dan c=5.9679 Å, untuk 5 jam a=b=2.0613 Å dan c=1.7971 Å dan untuk 6 jam a=b=0.6102 Å dan c=2.1138 Å.

Kata kunci: Batu kapur, kalsinasi, kalsium oksida, XRF,XRD.