bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impacts of climate change on the winter water cycle of the western Himalaya
Authors: Hunt Kieran M. R. , Turner Andrew G. , Shaffrey Len C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSome 180 million people depend on the Indus River as a key water resource, fed largely by precipitation falling over the western Himalaya. However, the projected response of western Himalayan precipitation to climate change is currently not well constrained: CMIP5 GCMs project a reduced frequency and vorticity of synoptic-scale systems impacting the area, but such systems would exist in a considerably moister atmosphere. In this study, a convection-permitting (4 km horizontal resolution) setup of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used to examine 40 cases of these synoptic-scale systems, known as western disturbances (WDs), as they interact with the western Himalaya. In addition to a present-day control run, three experiments are performed by perturbing the boundary and initial conditions to reflect pre-industrial, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 background climates respectively. It is found that in spite of the weakening intensity of WDs, net precipitation associated with them in future climate scenarios increases significantly; conversely there is no net change in precipitation between the pre-industrial and control experiments despite a significant conversion of snowfall in the pre-industrial experiment to rainfall in the control experiment, consistent with the changes seen in historical observations. This shift from snowfall to rainfall has profound consequences on water resource management in the Indus Valley, where irrigation is dependent on spring meltwater. Flux decomposition shows that the increase in future precipitation follows directly from the projected moistening of the tropical atmosphere (which increases the moisture flux incident on the western Himalaya by 28%) overpowering the weakened dynamics (which decreases it by 20%). Changes to extreme rainfall events are also examined: it is found that such events may increase significantly in frequency in both future scenarios examined. Two-hour maxima rainfall events that currently occur in 1-in-8 WDs are projected to increase tenfold in frequency in the RCP8.5 scenario; more prolonged (1-week maxima) events are projected to increase fiftyfold.
Sindbis viral structural protein cytotoxicity on human neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Saito Eriko Y. , Saito Kengo , Hishiki Tomoro , Takenouchi Ayako , Saito Takeshi , Sato Yoshiharu , Terui Keita , Matsunaga Tadashi , Shirasawa Hiroshi , Yoshida Hideo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Oncolytic viral therapy for neuroblastoma (NB) cells with Sindbis virus (SINV) is a promising strategy for treating high-risk NB. Here, we evaluated the possibility of using SINV structural proteins as therapeutic agents for NB since UV-inactivated SINV could induce cytopathogenic effects.

Methods
The cytotoxicity of UV-inactivated SINV toward human NB cell lines NB69, NGP, GOTO, NLF, SK-N-SH, SH-SY5Y, CHP134, NB-1, IMR32, and RT-BM-1 were analyzed. Apoptosis was confirmed by TUNEL assays. To determine the components of SINV responsible for the cytotoxicity of UV-inactivated SINV, expression vectors encoding the structural proteins, namely capsid, E2, and E1, were transfected in NB cells. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assays.

Results
UV-inactivated SINV elicited more significant cytotoxicity in NB69, NGP, and RT-BM-1 than in normal human fibroblasts. Results of the transfection experiments showed that all NB cell lines susceptible to UV-inactivated SINV were highly susceptible to the E1 protein, whereas fibroblasts transfected with vectors harboring capsid, E1, or E2 were not.

Conclusions
We demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of the UV-inactivated SINV is due to apoptosis induced by the E1 structural protein of SINV, which can be used selectively as a therapeutic agent for NB.
Multidimensional evaluation of voice outcomes following total laryngectomy: a prospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: van Sluis Klaske E. , van Son Rob J. J. H. , van der Molen Lisette , MCGuinness Anthony John , Palme Carsten E. , Novakovic Daniel , Stone Danielle , Natsis Lydia , Charters Emma , Jones Kelly , Dirven Richard , van den Brekel Michiel W. M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to assess the general course of acoustic, patient rated, and clinician-rated voice outcomes from pre- up to 12 months post total laryngectomy.

Methods
Patients admitted to a total laryngectomy in five participating hospitals in Australia and The Netherlands were included. Assessments took place at pre-, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months post-surgery. Voice outcomes are evaluated with the Acoustic Voice Quality Index (AVQI), perceptual scales, and patient-reported outcome measures including VHI-10 and EQ-5D-5L. Statistical analyses include descriptive statistics, t tests (pre- to 6 months post-surgery), Linear Mixed Effect models.

Results
The study included 43 participants. A significant worsening of AVQI is seen from pre- to post-surgery evaluated with t test (p < 0.001). The Linear Mixed Effect model confirmed Time as a significant factor in predicting AVQI score (p ≤ 0.001), as well as perceptual rated voice quality by the clinician (p = 0.015) and patient-reported perceptual rated voice quality (p = 0.002). No statistical significance was found in VHI-10 scores over time.

Conclusion
Successful TE-speech was achieved in most participants, some had to rely on augmentative alternative communication methods. Patient-reported outcomes indicate acceptance of the condition and sufficient coping in the long term. However, acoustic rated voice quality is abnormal at all post-surgery time-points. AVQI proved to be a useful instrument to evaluate TE-speech. There is a need for validation and determination of cut-off values for VHI-10 and AVQI for use in TE-speech.
Oncological outcomes of robotic-assisted versus open pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Weng Yuanchi , Jiang Yu , Fu Ningzhen , Jin Jiabin , Shi Yusheng , Huo Zhen , Deng Xiaxing , Peng Chenghong , Shen Baiyong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgery is associated with worse oncologic outcomes for some but not other types of cancers. We conducted a propensity score-matched analysis to compare oncologic outcomes of robotic-assisted laparoscopic (RPD) vs. open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods
Treatment-naïve PDAC patients undergoing either RPD or OPD at our hospital between January 2013 and December 2017 were included. Propensity score matching was conducted at a ratio of 1:2. The primary outcome was disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results
A total of 672 cases were identified. The propensity score-matched cohort included 105 patients receiving RPD and 210 patients receiving OPD. The 2 groups did not differ in the number of retrieved lymph nodes [11 (7–16) vs. 11 (6–17), P = 0.622] and R0 resection rate (88.6% vs. 89.0%, P = 0.899). There was no statistically significant difference in median DFS (14 [95% CI 11–22] vs. 12 [95% CI 10–14] months (HR 0.94; 95% CI 0.87–1.50; log-rank P = 0.345) and median OS (27 [95% CI 22–35] vs. 20 [95% CI 18–24] months (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.57–1.04; log-rank P = 0.087) between the two groups. Multivariate COX analysis showed that RPD was not an independent predictor of DFS (HR 0.90; 95% CI 0.68–1.19, P = 0.456) or OS (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.57–1.05, P = 0.094).

Conclusion
Comparable DFS and OS were observed between patients receiving RPD and OPD. This preliminary finding requires further confirmation with prospective randomized controlled trials.
Study on the pattern of vegetative growth in young dioecious trees of Idesia polycarpa maxim
Authors: Rana Sohel , Liu Zhen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Key message

The dioeciousIdesia polycarpaall that males and females do not invest in the same way in growth and branching in quantity, type of axes and in time (annual growth and sequence of these events over time).

Abstract
The annual growth of plants is an important indicator for growth and development, especially for younger trees. The aim of this study was to decide the physiological basis for vegetative growth effects on the trunk and crown development in Idesia polycarpa by assessing the effects on variations in bud growth, leaf, and canopy size. This study focused on the annual vegetative growth of young (3-year old) female and male I. polycarpa Maxim trees and their functions are separate. The phenology provides a challenge in the production of resources (seed, oil) and to investigate the effect of sexual specialization. Here we describe the variations between two sexes in terms of vegetative growth in our field studies. The study began in the sprouting season with observations of the gradual growth of the newly sprouting buds. The length of expansion, diameter growth, and leaf production from the terminal bud (TB), lateral terminal bud (LTB) of the first tier of branches (1Y), second tier of branches (2Y), and third tier of branches (3Y) of the trees were measured. The results showed growth differences between female and male groups in the growing year. The length of shoot expansion, diameter, and leaf production were higher for female trees than for male trees. Male trees grew more long and short branches (SB) than the female trees, with large numbers of short branches on the 1Y and 2Y of the male trees. Further investigation needed to analyze factors of annual fluctuation of the shoot expansion of the tree, with more studies investigating complex branching phenomenon, flowering, and fruit production in I. polycarpa Maxim.
CDSMOTE: class decomposition and synthetic minority class oversampling technique for imbalanced-data classification
Authors: Elyan Eyad , Moreno-Garcia Carlos Francisco , Jayne Chrisina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractClass-imbalanced datasets are common across several domains such as health, banking, security, and others. The dominance of majority class instances (negative class) often results in biased learning models, and therefore, classifying such datasets requires employing some methods to compact the problem. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid approach aiming at reducing the dominance of the majority class instances using class decomposition and increasing the minority class instances using an oversampling method. Unlike other undersampling methods, which suffer data loss, our method preserves the majority class instances, yet significantly reduces its dominance, resulting in a more balanced dataset and hence improving the results. A large-scale experiment using 60 public datasets was carried out to validate the proposed methods. The results across three standard evaluation metrics show the comparable and superior results with other common and state-of-the-art techniques.
Ultrasound assessment of carpal tunnel in rheumatoid arthritis and idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Smerilli Gianluca , Di Matteo Andrea , Cipolletta Edoardo , Carloni Sergio , Incorvaia Antonella , Di Carlo Marco , Grassi Walter , Filippucci Emilio 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objectives
To comparatively assess the sonographic spectrum of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in patients with idiopathic CTS.

Methods
Fifty-seven RA patients and 25 idiopathic CTS patients were consecutively enrolled. The diagnosis of CTS in RA patients was made according to clinical history and examination. The following sonographic findings were assessed at carpal tunnel level: median nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) at the carpal tunnel proximal inlet, finger flexor tendons tenosynovitis, radio-carpal synovitis and intraneural power Doppler (PD) signal.

Results
CTS was diagnosed in 15/57 RA patients (26.3%). Twenty-three RA wrists with CTS, 84 RA wrists without CTS and 34 idiopathic CTS wrists were evaluated. The average CSA of the median nerve was higher in idiopathic CTS than in RA wrists with CTS (17.7 mm2 vs 10.6 mm2, p < 0.01). A higher rate of inflammation of synovial structures (flexor tendons sheath and/or radio-carpal joint) was found in RA wrists with CTS compared with those without CTS (p = 0.04) and idiopathic CTS (p = 0.02). Intraneural PD signal was more common in CTS (in both RA and idiopathic CTS) wrists compared with wrists without CTS (p < 0.01).

Conclusion
The sonographic spectrum of CTS in RA patients is characterized by an inflammatory pattern, defined by the presence of finger flexor tendons tenosynovitis and/or radio-carpal joint synovitis. Conversely, a marked median nerve swelling is the dominant feature in idiopathic CTS. Intraneural PD signal is a frequent finding in both conditions.

Key Points• Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and idiopathic CTS have distinct ultrasound patterns.• The most characteristic sonographic features of CTS in RA patients are those indicative of synovial tissue inflammation at carpal tunnel level. Conversely, marked median nerve swelling is the dominant finding in idiopathic CTS.• Intraneural power Doppler signal is a frequent finding in both conditions.• In patients with CTS, differently from electrophysiology, US can provide clues prompting a rheumatology referral in case of prominent inflammatory findings at carpal tunnel level.
Detecting space–time agglomeration processes over the Great Recession using firm-level micro-geographic data
Authors: Cainelli Giulio , Ganau Roberto , Jiang Yuting 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe analyze the spatio-temporal agglomeration dynamics that occurred in the Italian manufacturing industry during the recent period of the Great Recession. To study this phenomenon, we employ three different statistical methods—namely, Ellison and Glaeser’s index of industrial geographic concentration, the spatialK-function, and the space–timeK-function—, and rely on a large sample of geo-referenced, single-plant manufacturing firms observed over the period 2007–2012. First, we demonstrate that different statistical techniques can lead to (very) different results. Second, we find that most Italian manufacturing sectors experienced spatial dispersion processes during the period of the Great Recession. Finally, we show that space–time dispersion processes occurred at small spatial distances and short time horizon, although we do not detect statistically significant space–time interactions.
Large zonal and temporal shifts in crops and cultivars coincide with warmer growing seasons in Finland
Authors: Peltonen-Sainio Pirjo , Jauhiainen Lauri 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn Finland, crop choices are limited, and cultivation is only possible in the regions where production risks and uncertainties are manageable. Climate change progresses rapidly at high latitudes and the thermal growing season is projected to become substantially longer in the future. This study aimed to monitor the regional shifts in major, secondary, minor and novel crops during 1996–2016 in Finland. We used long-term data from the Finnish Food Agency and evaluated changes in time to reach maturity of cultivars of model crops by using official variety trial data. Substantial changes were recorded in cultivation areas of crops, including expansion into new regions. Some of the traditional major crops such as oats (− 20%, i.e. − 75,700 ha from 1996 to 2016), barley (− 19%, − 105,700 ha) and potatoes (− 28%, − 4000 ha) have paved the way for emergent crops like faba beans (increase in area from 58 to 14,800 ha), peas (from 5700 to 13,400 ha), caraway (from 1900 to 18,400 ha) and spring oilseed rape (from 700 to 27,800 ha). Expansion per se was primarily enabled by climate warming, but success requires well-adapted cultivars, existing or emerging markets and industries or exports as well as motivating prices, policy support and valued ecosystem services.
Staatsprogramme gegen die Corona-Krise — eine Option für den Klimaschutz?
Authors: Gawel Erik , Lehmann Paul 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Corona-Pandemie, insbesondere aber auch die Maßnahmen zu ihrer Eindämmung, führen aktuell zu einer schweren volkswirtschaftlichen Krise. Um diese zu bewältigen, wird von vielen Seiten staatliche Hilfe und Unterstützung erwartet. Zahlreiche Rettungs- und Ausgabenprogramme wurden beschlossen oder sind auf dem Weg. Eine wichtige Frage lautet dabei, in welcher Form Klima- und Umweltschutz bei der Ausgestaltung dieser Programme mitzudenken sind.
Corona-Krise fordert Wohnungspolitik heraus
Authors: Cischinsky Holger , Deschermeier Philipp , Krapp Max-Christopher , Vaché Martin 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Corona-Pandemie führt auch im Bereich des Wohnens zu gravierenden Effekten. Kurzfristig hat die Bundesregierung mit temporären Ausnahmeregelungen bei den subjektorientierten Instrumenten sowie im Miet- und Darlehensrecht reagiert. Es zeigt sich jedoch, dass weitere temporäre Regelungen geboten sind. Aufgrund der großen Relevanz von nachfrageseitigen Entwicklungen ist im Verlauf der Rezession mit ausgeprägten Preisrückgängen auf den Wohnungsmärkten zu rechnen, die potenziell jedoch durch eine langfristig neu einsetzende Arbeitsmigration revidiert werden. Die Wohnungspolitik ist daher gut beraten, ihre Wohnungsbauaktivitäten zu stabilisieren bzw. antizyklisch auszurichten, um die langfristigen Wohnungsbedarfe auch bei wieder auflebender Zuwanderung decken zu können.
Social Commerce in Emerging Markets and its Impact on Online Community Engagement
Authors: Algharabat Raed S. , Rana Nripendra P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aims to build on the understanding of social commerce in the emerging markets and how it influences online community engagement. The conceptual model was proposed using theories including the social support theory, the trust theory, the social presence theory, the flow theory and the service-dominant logic theory. Using Facebook online community, the data were collected from 400 respondents from Jordan and analysed using AMOS based structural equation modelling. Results revealed that social commerce constructs positively influence social support, community members’ trust and social presence. Furthermore, it was found that social support and social presence positively affect community members’ trust. We also found that community members’ trust positively influence flow whereas both community members’ trust and flow positively influence community engagement.
The Role of Paternal Accommodation of Paediatric OCD Symptoms: Patterns and Implications for Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Monzani Benedetta , Vidal-Ribas Pablo , Turner Cynthia , Krebs Georgina , Stokes Caroline , Heyman Isobel , Mataix-Cols David , Stringaris Argyris 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFamily accommodation (FA) refers to the participation of family members in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) rituals. Most studies have focused on maternal accommodation; consequently, little is known about fathers’ accommodation of OCD. The current study aims to extend the existing literature by examining maternal versus paternal accommodation of OCD symptoms.The sample consisted of 209 children with OCD (Mean [M] age = 14.1 years) and their parents (NMothers = 209, NFathers = 209) who had completed the Family Accommodation Scale- Parent Report (FAS-PR). Paired t-test and chi-square analyses were used to compare FA of OCD symptoms between mothers and fathers. Linear regression was used to examine correlates of maternal and paternal FA and its impact on treatment outcomes.Mothers reported significantly higher levels of daily FA than fathers. Correlates of maternal and paternal accommodation included OCD symptom severity, emotional and behavioral difficulties, and parent psychopathology. Both maternal and paternal FA significantly predicted worse treatment outcomes.Both mothers and fathers accommodate child OCD symptoms with high frequency, and in similar ways. Although mothers accommodate to a greater extent than fathers, both maternal and paternal involvement in rituals are a significant predictor of the child’s treatment response. Results emphasise the need to consider the whole family system, including fathers, in understanding and treating OCD in children.
Gevrey Estimates of Formal Solutions for Certain Moment Partial Differential Equations with Variable Coefficients
Authors: Suwińska Maria 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to investigate Gevrey properties of formal solutions of certain generalized linear partial differential equations with variable coefficients. In particular, we extend the notion of moment partial differential equations to include differential operators that are not connected with kernel functions. Using the modified version of Nagumo norms and the properties of the Newton polygon we compute the Gevrey estimate for formal solutions of such generalized partial differential equations.
Can ‘Sufficiency’ reconcile social and environmental goals? A Q-methodological analysis of German housing policy
Authors: Bohnenberger Katharina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn housing policy, social and environmental targets often appear to be in conflict. This article examines to which degree the rising sustainability strategy ‘sufficiency’ has the potential to overcome this alleged trade-off between social and environmental goals in Germany. The positions of relevant stakeholders from social, environmental, and housing interest groups in Germany on housing policy are analysed by use of Q-methodology. Four distinct positions towards sufficiency-oriented housing policy are identified. The results show under which conditions sufficiency is a promising strategy to reconcile declared social and environmental targets in German housing policy. If pursued by a coalition of housing organizations and environmental interest groups, sufficiency has the potential of becoming a major paradigm in housing policy in Germany and beyond.
Pinning Force Scaling Analysis of Polycrystalline MgB2
Authors: Koblischka M. R. , Wiederhold A. , Koblischka-Veneva A. , Chang C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFlux pinning force scaling $f=F_{p}/F_{p,\max \limits }$
f
=

F

p

/

F

p
,
max

vs. h = Ha/Hirr was performed on a variety of pure MgB2 samples, including a spark plasma sintered (SPS) one and a series of samples sintered at various reaction temperatures ranging between 775 and 950 ∘C. The SPS sample exhibits a well-developed scaling at all temperatures, and also the sintered samples prepared at 950 ∘C; however, the obtained peak positions of the pinning force scalings are distinctly different: The SPS sample reveals dominating pinning at grain boundaries, whereas the dominating pinning for the other one is point-pinning. All other samples studied reveal an apparent non-scaling of the pinning forces. The obtained pinning parameters are discussed in the framework of the Dew–Hughes’ pinning force scaling approach.