bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Ultrasound‐Assisted Alkaline Extraction on Antioxidant Activity and Functional Characteristics of Chicken Feather Keratin Peptides
Authors: Alahyaribeik Samira , Ullah Aman 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this research, we focus on enzymatic hydrolysis of chicken feathers, after chemical or chemical and ultrasound pretreatment. Our result illustrated that ultrasound pretreatment preserved the main structure and amino acid composition of extracted keratin as confirmed by the Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and gel‐electrophoresis analysis. In addition, investigation showed that ultrasound‐assisted chemical treatment was more effective on enzymatic hydrolysis and bioactivity as compared to only the chemical treatment. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) characterization of hydrolyzed products, using Alcalase enzyme at different times, showed that decomposition temperature was decreased during enzymatic hydrolysis and the best antioxidant activity was achieved after 30 min of hydrolysis with the value of 90.43±4.03 % (5 mg/ml concentration). Also, it was found that hydrolyzed product indicated no cytotoxicity to SK‐N‐MC cells when the concentration is less than 0.312 mg/ml. In this paper, the results demonstrated that the ultrasonic‐assisted enzymolysis processing seems to be effective for producing keratin antioxidant hydrolysate.
Synthesis of Selenium Based DII‐A‐DI‐A‐DII Type Small Molecular e‐Donors Employing Stille Coupling and Their Thermal, Electrochemical and Photovoltaic Properties
Authors: Appalanaidu Ejjurothu , Busireddy Manohar Reddy , Srikanth Katta Eswar , Reddy B. V. Subba , Rao Vaidya Jayathirtha , Thomas Renjith 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHigh power conversion efficiency (PCE) organic solar cells (OSC) with planar DII‐A‐DI‐A‐DII structured organic molecule with alkylthiophene‐bezodithiophene (SBDT) a midway donor unit DI with varied number of fluorine atoms like benzoselenadiazole (SBTSe and SFBTSe) a acceptor unit and alkyl‐bithiophene a end group and donor unit DII, SFBTSe and SBTSe, were designed and synthesized for the appliance as donor moieties in OSC. It showed an intense absorption in visible expanse (582, 577 nm) and frontier orbital levels of HOMO (−5.49 and−5.50 eV), and LUMO level of (−3.57 and−3.59 eV), for SBTSe and SFBTSe respectively. The acceptor units were assigned using the results obtained from experiments and DFT/TD‐DFT simulations. This study reveals that all the acceptors are not identical in influencing the energy levels. Besides acceptors, molecular framework also plays a significant role in this regard. In addition, we have found that the acceptor's performance depends on its electron withdrawing ability. This manuscript provides a better understanding about the acceptor‘s property relationship and vital insights on the design of novel terminal acceptor units with greater number of hetero‐functionalities to developing the PCE of the OSC.
Strong Promoting Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on the CO Abatement Catalytic Activity of CoOx/Clay‐Bonded SiC Catalysts Produced by AA‐MOCVD Method Using Co(acac)2 as Precursor
Authors: MirMoghtadaei Golnoosh , Ghosalya Manoj K. , Artiglia Luca , van Bokhoven Jeroen A. , Falamaki Cavus 
Published: November 2020

AbstractClay‐bonded SiC supported cobalt oxide catalysts were produced by the aerosol‐assisted metal organic chemical vapor deposition method (AA‐MOCVD) using Co(acac)2 as precursor. Deposition temperatures 270 and 300 °C were the most appropriate for the synthesis of a composite catalyst of high activity for the CO conversion reaction. A cone‐shaped crystal habit is the dominant morphology. The catalysts were decorated with Au nanoparticles (NPs) of sizes in the range of 5–10 nm. This substantially improved the activity of the catalysts, lowering the onset temperature of activity by about 50 °C. Ambient‐pressure X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS) was used to investigate in situ the electronic state of cobalt and gold during CO oxidation. APXPS results show that while Au remains in the metallic state during the reaction, it enhances the reduction of Co3+ to Co2+. Au NPs adsorb CO molecules from the gas phase and supply them to the neighbor cobalt oxide particles.
Report on Recently (2017–20) Designed Quinoline‐Based Human Cancer Cell Growth Inhibitors
Authors: Dorababu Atukuri 
Published: November 2020

AbstractQuinoline has been a most essential pharmacophore, derivatization of which led to enticing pharmacological properties. Quinoline is responsible for a wide range of biological potencies such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti‐leishmanial, antimalarial, antioxidant and anticancer properties. Out of these clinical importances, the anticancer property of heterocycles is of greatest concern as cancer has become a major threat globally. Since some natural products containing quinoline moiety have displayed cancer inhibition potency, quinoline has been given highest priority in the anticancer drug design and development. In addition, quinoline has got eight positions including nitrogen for substitution which may result in some potential anticancer properties. Ever since, this extraordinary potential is being utilized in anticancer drug discovery. In this review, the various trends in drug design of quinoline moiety anticipating finest anticancer properties through cancer cell growth inhibition are collated comprehensively. The review work is classified based on type of quinoline derivatives. Besides this, with the aid of structure‐activity relationship discussion, the importance of structural units that contributed to strongest activity towards cancer inhibition is emphasized. The particular activity would help to bring further advanced anticancer agents in the future.
Two-loop integrals for planar five-point one-mass processes
Authors: Abreu Samuel , Ita Harald , Moriello Francesco , Page Ben , Tschernow Wladimir , Zeng Mao 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe present the computation of a full set of planar five-point two-loop master integrals with one external mass. These integrals are an important ingredient for two-loop scattering amplitudes for two-jet-associated W-boson production at leading color in QCD. We provide a set of pure integrals together with differential equations in canonical form. We obtain analytic differential equations efficiently from numerical samples over finite fields, fitting an ansatz built from symbol letters. The symbol alphabet itself is constructed from cut differential equations and we find that it can be written in a remarkably compact form. We comment on the analytic properties of the integrals and confirm the extended Steinmann relations, which govern the double discontinuities of Feynman integrals, to all orders inϵ. We solve the differential equations in terms of generalized power series on single-parameter contours in the space of Mandelstam invariants. This form of the solution trivializes the analytic continuation and the integrals can be evaluated in all kinematic regions with arbitrary numerical precision.
Can $$ \overline{\mathrm{MS}} $$ parton distributions be negative?
Authors: Candido Alessandro , Forte Stefano , Hekhorn Felix 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
It is common lore that Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) in the $$ \overline{\mathrm{MS}} $$

MS
¯

factorization scheme can become negative beyond leading order due to the collinear subtraction which is needed in order to define partonic cross sections. We show that this is in fact not the case and next-to-leading order (NLO) $$ \overline{\mathrm{MS}} $$

MS
¯

PDFs are actually positive in the perturbative regime. In order to prove this, we modify the subtraction prescription, and perform the collinear subtraction in such a way that partonic cross sections remain positive. This defines a factorization scheme in which PDFs are positive. We then show that positivity of the PDFs is preserved when transforming from this scheme to $$ \overline{\mathrm{MS}} $$

MS
¯

, provided only the strong coupling is in the perturbative regime, such that the NLO scheme change is smaller than the LO term.
Wood-cement-composite behaviour of beech circular hollow sections
Authors: Hirschmüller Sebastian , Unterberger Seraphin Hubert , Marte Roman , van de Kuilen Jan-Willem 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBeech laminated veneer lumber (LVL) circular hollow sections for use as nails in temporary geotechnical soil nailing systems were developed within this research. For the soil wall stability, beside a sufficient load carrying capacity of the nail cross section, a load carrying connection between the cement annulus and the nail is necessary. As cement grout ensures the bond between the nails and soil for the mobilisation of a soil reinforcement effect, a reliable connection between cement and wood surface is required. Occurring shear forces must be transferred from the nail into the soil through the wood-cement interface similar to reinforced concrete. Pull-off tests on clear LVL specimens with different cement and wood surface modifications as well as the results of large-scale push-out tests are presented. The results reveal a sufficient short-term bonding strength between the cement annulus and the wooden member to transfer the geotechnical loads, but also highlight the necessity of further research on long-term behaviour.
Diabetes mellitus als mögliche Spätmanifestation eines hämolytisch-urämischen Syndroms
Authors: Horch Lea , Weber L. T. , Rehberg M. , Schäuble J. , Habbig S. , Ludwig Karl-Heinz 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungEin 13-jähriger Junge erkrankte 10 Jahre nach einem hämolytisch-urämischen Syndrom durch Shigatoxin bildende enterohämorrhagische E. coli (STEC-HUS) an einem insulinpflichtigen Diabetes mellitus.Die Diagnostik ergab keine Hinweise auf eine Insulinresistenz, sondern auf einen Insulinmangel ohne Nachweis von diabetesspezifischen Autoantikörpern. Ein „maturity-onset diabetes of the young“ (MODY), Typen 1–13, war molekulargenetisch nicht nachweisbar.In der Literatur findet sich eine Reihe von Berichten über das Auftreten eines Diabetes mellitus viele Jahre nach Manifestation eines STEC-HUS mit insulinpflichtigen Hyperglykämien in der Akutphase. Dieser Artikel beschreibt den Fall eines Patienten mit insulinpflichtigem Diabetes mellitus nach STEC-HUS ohne insulinpflichtige Hyperglykämien in der Akutphase des HUS. Dies unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit einer langfristigen Nachsorge aller Patienten nach HUS.
Blood serum amyloid A as potential biomarker of pembrolizumab efficacy for patients affected by advanced non-small cell lung cancer overexpressing PD-L1: results of the exploratory “FoRECATT” study
Authors: Di Noia Vincenzo , D’Argento Ettore , Pilotto Sara , Vita Emanuele , Ferrara Miriam Grazia , Damiano Paola , Ribelli Marta , Cannella Antonella , Virtuoso Antonella , Fattorossi Andrea , Ceresoli Giovanni Luca , Milella Michele , Beretta Giordano Domenico , Tortora Giampaolo , Bria Emilio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying the patients who may benefit the most from immune checkpoints inhibitors remains a great challenge for clinicians. Here we investigate on blood serum amyloid A (SAA) as biomarker of response to upfront pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsPatients with PD-L1 ≥ 50% receiving upfront pembrolizumab (P cohort) and with PD-L1 0–49% treated with chemotherapy (CT cohort) were evaluated for blood SAA and radiological response at baseline and every 9 weeks. Endpoints were response rate (RR) according to RECIST1.1, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The most accurate SAA cut-off to predict response was established with ROC analysis in the P cohort.ResultsIn the P Cohort (n = 42), the overall RR was 38%. After a median follow-up of 18.5 months (mo), baseline SAA ≤ the ROC-derived cut-off (29.9 mg/L;n = 28/42.67%) was significantly associated with higher RR (53.6 versus 7.1%; OR15, 95% CI 1.72–130.7,p = 0.009), longer PFS (17.4 versus 2.1 mo;p < 0.0001) and OS (not reached versus 7.2mo;p < 0.0001) compared with SAA > 29.9 mg/L. In multivariate analysis, low SAA positively affects PFS (p = 0.001) and OS (p = 0.048) irrespective of ECOG PS, number of metastatic sites and pleural effusion. SAA monitoring (n = 40) was also significantly associated with survival endpoints: median PFS 17.4 versus 2.1 mo and median OS not reached versus 7.2 mo when SAA remained low (n = 14) and high (n = 12), respectively. In the CT Cohort (n = 30), RR was not affected by SAA level (p > 0.05) while low SAA at baseline (n = 17) was associated with better PFS (HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.16–0.90,p = 0.006) and OS (HR 0.25, 95% CI 0.09–0.67,p < 0.001).ConclusionLow SAA predicts good survival outcomes irrespective of treatment for advanced NSCLC patients and higher likelihood of response to upfront pembrolizumab only. The strong prognostic value might be exploited to easily identify patients most likely to benefit from immunotherapy. A further study (FoRECATT-2) is ongoing to confirm results in a larger sample size and to investigate the effect of SAA on immune response in vitro assays.
Validity and Utility Testing of a Criteria‐led Discharge Checklist to Determine Post‐operative Recovery after Abdominal Surgery: an International Multicentre Prospective Cohort Trial
Authors: Boden Ianthe , Peng Calvin , Lockstone Jane , Reeve Julie , Hackett Claire , Anderson Lesley , Hill Cat , Winzer Brooke , Gurusinghe Nishanthi , Denehy Linda 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundCriteria‐led discharge (CLD) has promising potential to reduce unnecessary hospital stay after abdominal surgery; however, the validity and utility of CLD is uncertain as studies are limited to small single‐centre studies involving predominantly elective colorectal surgery.MethodsThis prospective international multicentre cohort study explored the relationship between a CLD checklist, post‐operative recovery, and hospital length of stay using patient‐level data from four clinical trials involving 1071 adults undergoing all types of emergency and elective abdominal surgery at five hospitals across Australia and New Zealand. Patients were assessed daily for 21 post‐operative days using a standardised CLD checklist. Surgeons and hospital clinicians were masked to findings. Criterion, construct, and content validity of the checklist to accurately reflect discharge decisions by surgical teams, assess physiological recovery, and encompass parameters signalling physiological readiness to discharge were tested. Potential utility of CLD to minimise unnecessary hospital stay was assessed by comparing day of readiness to discharge to actual day of discharge.ResultsThe CLD checklist had concordance with existing discharge planning practices and accurately measured a longer post‐operative recovery in more complex clinical situations. The CLD checklist in its current format did not detect all legitimate medical and surgical reasons necessitating a continued stay in hospital. Day of readiness to discharge was 0.8 days (95% CI 0.7 to 0.9, p < 0.001) less than actual day of discharge.ConclusionA CLD checklist has excellent criterion and construct validity in measuring physiological recovery following all types of major elective and emergency abdominal surgery. Content validity could be improved. The use of CLD has the potential to reduce unnecessary hospital stay although the safety of discharging patients according to the criteria requires investigation prior to implementation.Trial registrationTrials were prospectively registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (LIPPSMAck POP 12613000664741, ICEAGE 12615000318583, PLASTIC 12619001344189, NIPPER PLUS 12617000269336).
Explaining the dependence of M-site diffusion in forsterite on silica activity: a density functional theory approach
Authors: Muir Joshua M. R. , Jollands Michael , Zhang Feiwu , Walker Andrew M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractExperimentally, silica activity (aSiO2) has been shown to have an effect on Mg diffusion in forsterite, but no fully satisfactory mechanism has yet been proposed. We calculated the effects of aSiO2 and aluminium content (the main contaminant in some recent experimental studies), and their co-effect, on Mg diffusion in forsterite, using thermodynamic minimisations of defect formation energies [calculated using density functional theory (DFT)] and a Monte-Carlo diffusion model. These two variables, in isolation, do not appreciably change the defect concentrations of forsterite and thus do not affect the diffusivity of Mg. However, when elevated together, they cause large increases in the Mg vacancy content and thus can increase the Mg diffusivity by one to six orders of magnitude depending on temperature, with little pressure dependence. This effect is largely independent of Al2O3 concentration above ~ 1 wt. ppm, and thus, for all practical purposes, should occur wherever forsterite is in the presence of enstatite. It is also largely dependent upon configurational entropy and is thus highly sensitive to the chemistry of the crystal. A low concentration of structurally bound hydroxyl groups at low temperatures (1000 K) suppresses this effect in pure forsterite, but it is likely robust in the presence of water either when alternative water sinks (such as Ti or Fe) are present, or at high temperatures (> 1500 K). This effect is also robust in the presence of ferrous iron (or other substitutional Mg defects) at all temperatures. Fe2O3 can operate like Al2O3 in this reaction and should enhance its effect. These findings explain the experimentally observed dependency of Mg diffusion of aSiO2, and elucidate how chemical activity variations in both experiments and natural settings could affect not only the diffusivity of Mg in forsterite, but of olivine-hosted cations in general.
Histological quantification of decomposed human livers: a potential aid for estimation of the post-mortem interval?
Authors: Ceciliason Ann-Sofie , Andersson M. Gunnar , Nyberg Sofia , Sandler Håkan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine if a novel scoring-based model for histological quantification of decomposed human livers could improve the precision of post-mortem interval (PMI) estimation for bodies from an indoor setting. The hepatic decomposition score (HDS) system created consists of five liver scores (HDS markers): cell nuclei and cell structure of hepatocytes, bile ducts, portal triad, and architecture. A total of 236 forensic autopsy cases were divided into a training dataset (n = 158) and a validation dataset (n = 78). All cases were also scored using the total body score (TBS) method. We specified a stochastic relationship between the log-transformed accumulated degree-days (log10ADD) and the taphonomic findings, using a multivariate regression model to compute the likelihood function. Three models were applied, based on (i) five HDS markers, (ii) three partial body scores (head, trunk, limbs), or (iii) a combination of the two. The predicted log10ADD was compared with the true log10ADD for each case. The fitted models performed equally well in the training dataset and the validation dataset. The model comprising both scoring methods had somewhat better precision than either method separately. Our results indicated that the HDS system was statistically robust. Combining the HDS markers with the partial body scores resulted in a better representation of the decomposition process and might improve PMI estimation of decomposed human remains.
Risk of lung cancer and renin–angiotensin blockade: a concise review
Authors: Rachow Tobias , Schiffl Helmut , Lang Susanne M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The blockade of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) is one of the most common treatments for hypertension, heart failure and renal diseases. However, concerns have been raised about a possible link between RAAS-blockers and an increased risk of cancer, particularly of lung cancer. This narrative review aims to give a critical appraisal of current evidence and to help physicians understand potential links between RAAS blockade and de novo lung cancer development.

Methods
Numerous pharmaco-epidemiologic studies, mostly retrospective cohort analyses, evaluated the association of RAAS blockade with lung cancer incidence and reported inconsistent findings. Meta-analyses could not further clarify a possible link between RAAS blockade and the risk of lung cancer.

Results
International regulatory agencies (FDA, EMA) have concluded that the use of RAAS blockers is not associated with an increased risk of developing lung cancer. Co-administration of RAAS blockers to systemic therapy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer seems to have positive effects on the outcome.

Conclusion
Until more comprehensive analyses have been completed, there is no need to change clinical practise. Additional prospective randomized trials with long-term follow-up are needed to investigate the effects of these drugs on the development and progression of lung cancer.
Jaw exercise therapy for the treatment of trismus in head and neck Cancer: a prospective three-year follow-up study
Authors: Karlsson Ove , Karlsson Therese , Pauli Nina , Andréll Paulin , Finizia Caterina 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine effects of jaw exercise on trismus 3 years following completion of a post-radiotherapy jaw exercise intervention.

Methods
Prospective study including 50 patients with head-and-neck cancer receiving radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, plus a matched control group. The intervention group underwent 10 weeks of jaw exercise training. Patients were followed pre-and postintervention and 3 years postintervention completion. Outcome measures were maximal interincisal opening (MIO), trismus-related symptoms, and health-related quality-of-life as measured by Gothenburg Trismus Questionnaire, EORTC QLQ-C30, and EORTC QLQ-H&N35.

Results
The intervention group had a statistically significantly higher mean MIO compared with the control group (40.1 mm and 33.9 mm, respectively, p < 0.001), reported less trismus-related problems and had an improved health-related quality-of-life when compared with the control group at the 3-year follow-up. These differences were all statistically significant.

Conclusion
Jaw exercise therapy resulted in increased MIO, less trismus-related symptoms, and improved health-related quality-of-life. Jaw exercise therapy should be initiated early, in a structured manner and continued long-term.