bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indium oxide nanoparticles induce lung intercellular toxicity between bronchial epithelial cells and macrophages
Authors: Li Huilin , Chen Zhaofang , Li Jinxia , Liu Ru , Zhao Feng , Liu Ran 
Published: July 2020

AbstractConcerns have been raised over the safety and health of industrial workers exposed to indium oxide nanoparticles (IO‐NPs) when working. IO‐NPs were previously shown in vitro and in vivo to be cytotoxic, but the mechanism of pathogenesis was unclear. In this study, the effects of IO‐NPs on lung cells associated with respiratory and immune barriers and the toxic effects of intercellular cascades were studied. Here IO‐NPs had acute toxicity to Wistar rats over a time course (5 days post‐intratracheal instillation). Following treatment epithelial cells (16HBE) or macrophages (RAW264.7) with IO‐NPs or IO fine particles (IO‐FPs), the damage of 16HBE cells caused by IO‐NPs was serious, mainly in the mitochondrial and rough endoplasmic reticulum. The lactate dehydrogenase level also showed that cytotoxicity in vitro was more serious for IO‐NPs compared with IO‐FPs. The level of In3+ (examined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) in 16HBE cells was 10 times higher than that in RAW cells. In3+, releasing from IO‐NPs absorbed by 16HBE cells, could not only significantly inhibit the phagocytosis and migration of macrophages (P < .0001), but also stimulate RAW cells to secrete high levels of inflammatory cytokines. IO‐NPs can directly damage pulmonary epithelial cells. The In3+ released by epithelial cells affect the phagocytosis and migration of macrophages, which may be a new point for the decrease in the clearance of alveolar surfactants and the development of IO‐related pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.
Towards quantitative assessment of burn based on photoacoustic and optical coherence tomography
Authors: Liu Kang , Chen Zhongjiang , Zhou Wangting , Xing Da 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAccurate and timely assessment of the severity of burn is essential for the treatment of burns. Currently, although most first‐degree and third‐degree burns are easily diagnosed through visual inspection or auxiliary diagnostic methods, the second‐degree burn is still difficult to distinguish due to the ambiguity boundaries of second‐degree with first‐degree and third‐degree burns. In this study, we proposed a non‐invasive technique by combing photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) to multi‐parameter quantitatively assess the burns. The feasibility and capacity of the dual‐mode PAT/OCT for assessing the burns was first testified by tissue‐mimicking phantom and burn wounds in mouse pinna in vivo. The further experiments conducted on the back of rats showed that the changes in skin scattering structure, vascular morphology and blood flow provided by the dual‐mode PAI/OCT system can determine distinct boundaries and depth of the burns. The experimental results prove that combined PAI/OCT as a novel method can be used to assess the severity of burn, which has the potential to diagnose the burns in clinic.
Acid bone lysates reduce bone regeneration in rat calvaria defects
Authors: Strauss Franz‐Josef , Kuchler Ulrike , Kobatake Reiko , Heimel Patrick , Tangl Stefan , Gruber Reinhard 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAcid bone lysates (ABLs) represent the growth factors and other molecules released during autologous graft resorption. However, the impact of these bone‐derived growth factors on the healing of bone defects has not yet been investigated. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to examine the impact of ABLs adsorbed to collagen membranes on bone regeneration. To this end, in 16 female Sprague Dawley rats, a standardized 5‐mm‐diameter critical size defect on the calvarial bone was created. The defects were covered with collagen membranes that had been soaked either in serum‐free media or ABLs followed by lyophilization. After a healing period of 4 weeks, micro‐computed tomography (μCT) and histological analyses by means of undecalcified thin ground sections were performed. μCT analysis of the inner 4 mm of the calvaria defect showed a greater bone defect coverage in the control group when compared to ABL group, 29.8% (confidence interval [CI]: 17.7–50.3) versus 5.6% (CI: 1.0–29.8, p = .03), respectively. Moreover, we found significantly more absolute bone volume (BV) in the control group when compared to ABL group, 0.59 mm3 (CI: 0.27–1.25) versus 0.07 mm3 (CI: 0.06–0.59, p = .04), respectively. Histomorphometry confirmed these findings with a relative BV in the central compartment of 14.1% (CI: 8.4–20.6) versus 5.6% (CI: 3.4–7.9, p = .004), respectively. These findings indicate that bone‐derived growth factors contained in ABLs are able to attenuate bone regeneration within collagen membranes.
One‐pot multicomponent synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of novel tricyclic indenopyrimidine‐2‐amines
Authors: Kaur Navjot , Singh Pratibha , Kaur Pawandeep , Yadav Ajar Nath , Singh Karan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe synthesis of novel tricyclic indenopyrimidine‐2‐amines from 3,3‐dimethyl‐/3‐methyl‐2H‐indanones has achieved by base‐catalyzed one‐pot three‐component reaction. The desired products are formed within 10 hours after addition at reflux temperature. This multicomponent approach offers a viable protocol for the construction of indenopyrimidine‐2‐amines in single‐step without the isolation of the intermediates 3,3‐dimethyl/3‐methyl‐2‐(4‐substituted benzylidene)‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐inden‐1‐ones. All the synthesized compounds have been screened for antimicrobial activity and some of the derivatives show comparable activity against bacterial and fungal isolates.
Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of the novel heteroannulated furo[3′,2′:6,7]chromeno[2,3‐b]pyridines: Part 1
Authors: Ibrahim Magdy A. , Al‐Harbi Sami A. , Allehyani Esam S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe chemical behavior of 4,9‐dimethoxy‐5‐oxo‐5H‐furo[3,2‐g]chromene‐6‐carbonitrile (1) was investigated toward some acyclic and cyclic active methylene ketones namely acetylacetone, ethyl acetoacetate, ethyl benzoylacetate, acetoacetanilide, dimedone, indanedione, pyrazolidine‐3,5‐dione and 5‐methyl‐2‐phenyl‐2,4‐dihydro‐3H‐pyrazol‐3‐one, barbituric acid and 1‐allylthiobarbituric acid, and hippuric acid. A variety of novel heteroannulated furochromenopyridines were efficiently synthesized through a cascade reactions between 4,9‐dimethoxy‐5‐oxo‐5H‐furo[3,2‐g]chromene‐6‐carbonitrile (1) and the carbon nucleophilic reagents. Structures of the new products were inferred based on their analytical and spectral data.
Gendered Intra‐Household Decision‐Making Dynamics in Agricultural Innovation Processes: Assets, Norms and Bargaining Power
Authors: Shibata Rieko , Cardey Sarah , Dorward Peter 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article explores intra‐household decision‐making in smallholder farmers' innovation uptake and use of outputs within a bargaining framework. Research was conducted in selected locations representing contrasting economic, social and agroclimatic environments in Uganda using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods (including a survey of 531 farmers). Decision‐making in innovation processes was highly gendered and shaped by intra‐household allocation of production assets as well as social norms. The findings highlight the male capture of decision‐making regarding innovation uptake and use of outputs, especially for income‐generating crops, and that this can both reflect and reinforce gender inequalities in asset ownership. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of International Development published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
An energy‐efficient data‐dependent low‐power 10T SRAM cell design for LiFi enabled smart street lighting system application
Authors: Gupta Neha , Sharma Vishal , Shah Ambika P. , Khan Sajid , Huebner Michael , Vishvakarma Santosh K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe LiFi enabled smart street lighting system requires the adaptive SoC to save huge amount of power/energy for data storage, which plays an important role for any urban area development. For the above application, an energy‐efficient data‐dependent power supplied 10T SRAM cell with half‐select free read‐decoupled circuit is designed to boost stability while stacking effect controls the leakage current against the process‐voltage‐temperature variations. CMOS 65 nm technology node is used for the implementation and comparison of various SRAM cells. The proposed cell offers 4×, 1.15×, and 1.66× higher read, hold, and write stability, respectively, as compared with the 6T cell at 0.4 V supply voltage. The improvement of write, read, and leakage power of the proposed 10T cell are 98.03%, 56.25%, and 91.07%, respectively, as compared with the 6T cell at 0.2 V supply. It is also observed that the proposed 10T cell has 88.88% and 85.71% write 0 and write 1 energy, respectively, as compared with the 6T cell at 0.2 V supply voltage. To better assess the cell, we introduced the figure of merit (FOM) and observed that the FOM of the proposed cell is 125× higher as compared with the 6T cell at 0.4 V supply voltage.
Rapidtolerance‐awaredesign of miniaturized microwave passives by means ofconfined‐domainsurrogates
Authors: Pietrenko‐Dabrowska Anna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe effects of uncertainties, primarily manufacturing tolerances but also incomplete information about operating conditions or material parameters, can be detrimental to the performance of microwave components. Quantification of such effects is essential to ensure a meaningful evaluation of the structure, in particular, its reliability under imperfect fabrication procedures. The improvement of the circuit robustness can be achieved by reducing sensitivity to geometry/material parameter deviations, which requires optimization of suitably chosen statistical performance metrics such as the yield. The prerequisite for the latter is statistical analysis. In the case of compact circuits, it is executed through full‐wave electromagnetic (EM) analysis. The fundamental difficulty, that is, the high CPU cost, can be alleviated by the employment of fast surrogate models, which is the method of choice for the majority of contemporary approaches. Despite its advantages, a practical challenge of surrogate‐assisted design is the initial computational overhead related to metamodel construction. As a workaround, this work proposes the employment of a recently introduced concept of constrained modelling, where the surrogate domain is confined only to contain the essential subsets of the parameter space. In the context of yield optimization, the domain needs to correspond to directions featuring maximum variability of the circuit responses (particularly the parts thereof that affect the yield value in the most significant way) with respect to its geometry parameters. The small volume of the domain spanned by such directions permits setting up an accurate model using a fraction of training data samples required by conventional methods. The proposed technique is demonstrated using a miniaturized microstrip rat‐race coupler with its yield optimized at the cost of just a few dozen of EM simulations of the circuit. EM‐based Monte Carlo simulations corroborate the reliability of the approach.
The sialidase inhibitor, DANA, reduces Porphyromonas gingivalis pathogenicity and exerts anti‐inflammatory effects: An in vitro and in vivo experiment
Authors: Yu Shiwen , Fan Xiaomiao , Zheng Shaowen , Lin Li , Liu Jingbo , Pan Yaping , Li Chen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundSialidase has an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and Porphyromonas gingivalis is a sialidase‐producing organism implicated in periodontitis development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti‐virulence and anti‐inflammatory properties of the sialidase inhibitor, 2‐deoxy‐2,3‐didehydro‐N‐acetylneuraminic acid (DANA), in vitro and in vivo.MethodsThe effects of DANA on P. gingivalis sialidase and cell viability were determined, and the effects of DANA on P. gingivalis virulence were evaluated by assessment of growth curves, cell morphology, biofilm formation, fimbriae gene expression, and gingipains and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activity. Anti‐inflammatory effects of DANA on LPS‐induced macrophages were assessed by measurement of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL‐1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) secretions. The effect of DANA on P. gingivalis–induced periodontitis in rats was analyzed by radiography, stereoscopic microscopy, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry.ResultsSialidase inhibition rate of 1mM DANA was 72.01%. Compared with untreated controls, treatment with DANA inhibited P. gingivalis growth and biofilm formation, and significantly decreased expression of the fimA, fimR, and fimS genes, as well as gingipains activity. DANA did not influence macrophage viability, but significantly inhibited TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and iNOS production in LPS‐stimulated macrophages. In the periodontitis rat model, DANA prevented alveolar bone absorption and inhibited TNF‐α and IL‐1β production.ConclusionDANA can reduce the growth, the biofilm formation and the virulence of P. gingivalis and exhibits anti‐inflammatory effects, as well as effects against rat periodontitis, suggesting that DANA should be considered for development as a new adjunctive treatment for periodontitis.
Feasibility of integrated high‐wavenumber Raman imaging and fingerprint Raman spectroscopy for fast margin assessment in breast cancer surgery
Authors: Liao Zhiyu , Lizio Maria Giovanna , Corden Christopher , Khout Hazem , Rakha Emad , Notingher Ioan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntraoperative assessment of surgical margins remains one of the main challenges in cancer surgery. Raman spectroscopy can detect cancer cells with high accuracy, but it is time‐consuming. In this paper, we investigated a selective‐sampling Raman spectroscopy approach, based on high wavenumber (HW) Raman imaging (spectral range 2,500–3,500 cm−1) and fingerprint Raman spectroscopy (spectral range 600–1,800 cm−1), to reduce the overall tissue analysis time while maintaining high diagnostic accuracy. HW Raman mapping was used as a first step to identify the adipose tissue regions based on the C–H stretching bands at 2,700–2,950 cm−1. As residual tumors are typically found in nonadipose tissue, an algorithm was developed to allocate sampling points for fingerprint Raman spectroscopy at locations corresponding to low intensity in the HW‐Raman maps. Preliminary results show that HW‐Raman imaging based on a 671 nm laser is effective and fast for mapping of adipose tissue in breast resections, with typical imaging times of 2 min for tissue areas as large as 2 × 2 cm2 areas. Albeit the remaining high fluorescence background in the fingerprint region prevents the use of single 671‐nm laser, the HW Raman imaging can be still exploited in combination with 785‐nm excitation Raman spectroscopy for identifying residual tumor. Although this study demonstrates the feasibility of this approach, further improvements, such as using single element detectors for HW Raman imaging, are required to increase the analysis speed further towards intraoperative use in the routine clinical setting.
Effects of Maillard reaction on structural modification and potential allergenicity of peanut 7S globulin (Ara h 1)
Authors: Shi Yunfeng , Wang Minjia , Ding Yanting , Chen Jiahui , Niu Bing , Chen Qin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDAra h 1 is a major food allergen in peanuts. Recently, many studies have revealed that the Maillard reaction (MR) affects the allergenicity of food proteins.RESULTSTo investigate the influence of the MR on the allergenicity of Ara h 1, R‐Ara h 1 was processed with glucose in dry heating conditions for different periods. The extent of the MR was assessed by four methods. The changes in secondary and tertiary structures were characterized through spectroscopy assays. Advanced glycation end products (AGE) structures were identified by protein sample dry heating for 60 min, indicating the formation of AGE‐Ara h 1. Simulated gastric fluid (SGF) digestion analysis showed that AGE‐Ara h 1 has higher resistance to peptic digestion than R‐Ara h 1. The BALB/c mouse model was also utilized to explore the effect of the MR on the allergenicity of Ara h 1, and the results showed that the Th2‐type cytokines, antibodies, and histamine content increased, and there was a greater degree of degranulation of rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells in the AGE‐Ara h 1 group compared with the R‐Ara h 1 group.CONCLUSIONDuring the process of dry heating, proteins participated in the MR with changes in secondary and tertiary structures. The condition applying a temperature of 100 °C for 60 min caused the formation of AGE‐Ara h 1. Simulated gastric fluid digestion analysis showed that AGE‐Ara h 1 had a greater resistance to peptic digestion than R‐Ara h 1. The BALB/c mouse model showed that AGE‐Ara h 1 had more allergenicity, indicating that the MR could enhance the allergenicity of Ara h 1. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of a winter savory leaf extract obtained using high hydrostatic pressure on the quality of carrot juice
Authors: Moreira Sílvia A , Pintado Manuela E , Saraiva Jorge A 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe consumption of vegetable juices has increased due to their characteristics such as freshness/naturalness, high nutritional value, low in calories, and for being a convenient way of consuming bioactive compounds. High hydrostatic pressure (HPP), which has been mainly used to replace thermal processing, is now also being successfully applied as extraction technology to recover bioactive compounds from herbs. The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation of carrot juice with winter savory leaf aqueous extract on the final juice characteristics.RESULTSThe extract was added to raw carrot juice (1.0 mg mL–1), which was then submitted to HPP and stored for 15 days under refrigeration. Microbial analyses were performed during storage time, as also were analyzed the physicochemical properties such as pH, colour, bioactive compound concentration and antioxidant activity. Supplemented juices presented lower microbial counts than the non‐supplemented ones, and, generally, did not present significant changes (P > 0.05) in pH or colour. Concerning the total phenolics and total flavonoids, as well as antioxidant activity, the values were generally higher (P < 0.05) in supplemented juices, which was proven by the high correlation found between total phenolics and ABTS●+ and FRAP assays.CONCLUSIONSThese data suggest that the addition of winter savory leaf extract in carrot juice treated with HPP can effectively improve microbial safety throughout refrigerated storage as well as antioxidant activity, without risking other characteristics of the juice, such as the colour or the acidity. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Anthocyanins extraction from Hibiscus sabdariffa and identification of phenolic compounds associated with their stability
Authors: Escobar‐Ortiz Alexandro , Castaño‐Tostado Eduardo , Rocha‐Guzmán Nuria Elizabeth , Gallegos‐Infante José Alberto , Reynoso‐Camacho Rosalía 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDOne of the main disadvantages of red pigments used in foods is their low extraction yield and storage stability. Roselle flowers are sources of anthocyanins; however, these are unstable during storage, but this could be improved with phenolic compounds, which establish bonds with the anthocyanins. The aim of this work was to identify conditions to improve the extraction efficiency and color stability of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract and, furthermore, to identify the phenolic compounds associated with color stability of roselle.RESULTSThe temperature of extraction (35 and 75 °C), the time of extraction (15 and 60 min), type of acid (acetic and citric), percentage of acid (0.5 and 2.0%) and the water:ethanol ratio (20:80 and 80:20) did not affect the yield of anthocyanins; only the solid:solvent ratio had an effect in the anthocyanin extraction yield. The extraction with 80% ethanol decreased up to 50% the anthocyanin degradation in the extracts stored at 4, 25, 35, 45, and 80 °C. Phenolic acids and flavonoids were quantified by ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. These compounds were analyzed using principal component analysis, and the H. sabdariffa extract, with greater stability, was found to be associated with the presence of quercetin, myricetin, kaempferol 3‐O‐glucose, ellagic acid, and rutin.CONCLUSIONH. sabdariffa extract with increased color stability was extracted with a higher proportion of ethanol and the improvement in the color stability was attributed to the co‐extraction of phenolic compounds, principally flavonoids that could interact with anthocyanins and stabilize them. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of storage on the oxidative stability of acorn oils extracted from three different Quercus species
Authors: Makhlouf Fatima Z , Squeo Giacomo , Difonzo Graziana , Faccia Michele , Pasqualone Antonella , Summo Carmine , Barkat Malika , Caponio Francesco 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDAcorn fruit and its components and by‐products are receiving renewed interest due to their nutritional and phytochemical features. In particular, the oil extracted from acorns is recognized for having high nutritional quality and for being rich in bioactive compounds. Despite the growing interest, few papers are available that consider the evolution of acorn‐oil characteristics during storage. Our aim was to investigate the storage‐related changes in acorn oils extracted from three Quercus species grown in Algeria (Q. ilex, Q. suber, and Q. coccifera) 180 days after production, with a focus on polar and volatile compounds, not yet investigated. Basic quality parameters, phenolic content, antioxidant activity and induction time were also monitored.RESULTSThe oxidation markers (peroxide value and UV absorptions) increased during storage, whereas antioxidants decreased. A distinctive volatile profile was observed at the time of production, which underwent changes during storage. Polar compounds increased, whereas induction time decreased. The oil extracted from Quercus suber L. was the most affected by storage time.CONCLUSIONFloral and fruity volatile compounds detected in the oils’ headspace could explain the pleasant flavor of acorn oils reported by other authors. As with other vegetable oils, storage depletes both volatiles and antioxidants and produces oxidation compounds, such as oxidized triacylglycerols. However, the acorn oils that were studied were quite stable under storage in the dark at room temperature for 6 months. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry