bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health-related qualify of life, angina type and coronary artery disease in patients with stable chest pain
Authors: Rieckmann Nina , Neumann Konrad , Feger Sarah , Ibes Paolo , Napp Adriane , Preuß Daniel , Dreger Henryk , Feuchtner Gudrun , Plank Fabian , Suchánek Vojtěch , Veselka Josef , Engstrøm Thomas , Kofoed Klaus F. , Schröder Stephen , Zelesny Thomas , Gutberlet Matthias , Woinke Michael , Maurovich-Horvat Pál , Merkely Béla , Donnelly Patrick , Ball Peter , Dodd Jonathan D. , Hensey Mark , Loi Bruno , Saba Luca , Francone Marco , Mancone Massimo , Berzina Marina , Erglis Andrejs , Vaitiekiene Audrone , Zajanckauskiene Laura , Harań Tomasz , Suckiel Malgorzata Ilnicka , Faria Rita , Gama-Ribeiro Vasco , Benedek Imre , Rodean Ioana , Adjić Filip , Čemerlić Adjić Nada , Rodriguez-Palomares José , Garcia del Blanco Bruno , Brooksbank Katriona , Collison Damien , Davis Gershan , Thwaite Erica , Knuuti Juhani , Saraste Antti , Kępka Cezary , Kruk Mariusz , Benedek Theodora , Ratiu Mihaela , Neskovic Aleksandar N. , Vidakovic Radosav , Diez Ignacio , Lecumberri Iñigo , Fisher Michael , Ruzsics Balasz , Hollingworth William , Gutiérrez-Ibarluzea Iñaki , Dewey Marc , Müller-Nordhorn Jacqueline 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is impaired in patients with stable angina but patients often present with other forms of chest pain. The aim of this study was to compare the pre-diagnostic HRQoL in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) according to angina type, gender, and presence of obstructive CAD.

Methods
From the pilot study for the European DISCHARGE trial, we analysed data from 24 sites including 1263 patients (45.9% women, 61.1 ± 11.3 years) who were clinically referred for invasive coronary angiography (ICA; 617 patients) or coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA; 646 patients). Prior to the procedures, patients completed HRQoL questionnaires: the Short Form (SF)-12v2, the EuroQoL (EQ-5D-3 L) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

Results
Fifty-five percent of ICA and 35% of CTA patients had typical angina, 23 and 33% had atypical angina, 18 and 28% had non-anginal chest discomfort and 5 and 5% had other chest discomfort, respectively. Patients with typical angina had the poorest physical functioning compared to the other angina groups (SF-12 physical component score; 41.2 ± 8.8, 43.3 ± 9.1, 46.2 ± 9.0, 46.4 ± 11.4, respectively, all age and gender-adjusted p < 0.01), and highest anxiety levels (8.3 ± 4.1, 7.5 ± 4.1, 6.5 ± 4.0, 4.7 ± 4.5, respectively, all adjusted p < 0.01). On all other measures, patients with typical or atypical angina had lower HRQoL compared to the two other groups (all adjusted p < 0.05). HRQoL did not differ between patients with and without obstructive CAD while women had worse HRQoL compared with men, irrespective of age and angina type.

Conclusions
Prior to a diagnostic procedure for stable chest pain, HRQoL is associated with chest pain characteristics, but not with obstructive CAD, and is significantly lower in women.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02400229.
Association between endometrial thickness and neonatal outcomes in intrauterine insemination cycles: a retrospective analysis of 1,016 live-born singletons
Authors: Huang Jialyu , Lin Jiaying , Lu Xuefeng , Gao Hongyuan , Song Ning , Cai Renfei , Kuang Yanping 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Decreased endometrial thickness (EMT) has been suggested to be associated with reduced birthweight of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) newborns. Considering the differences in ovarian stimulation degree and laboratory procedures between IVF/ICSI and IUI treatment, we aim to investigate whether EMT has any influence on IUI infant outcomes as well.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of 1016 patients who had singleton livebirths after IUI treatment cycles from January 2008 to December 2018 at a tertiary-care academic medical center in China. Patients were categorized into three groups by the 10th and 90th percentile of peak EMT: ≤7.6, 7.7–13.0 and ≥ 13.1 mm. The primary outcomes of the study were preterm birth (PTB), low birthweight (LBW) and small-for-gestational age (SGA). Multiple regression analyses were performed after controlling for a variety of potential confounders.

Results
No significant differences were found among the three groups in gestational age, birthweight and birthweight Z-score. Compared with the EMT 7.7–13.0 mm group, the incidences of PTB, LBW and SGA were 5.5% (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.33–2.01), 6.4% (aOR 1.44, 95% CI 0.58–3.58) and 7.3% (aOR 1.21, 95% CI 0.53–2.76) in the EMT ≤7.6 mm group, respectively. Similarly, EMT ≥13.1 mm was not significantly associated with risks of PTB (aOR 0.63, 95% CI 0.24–1.65), LBW (aOR 0.57, 95% CI 0.17–1.95) and SGA (aOR 0.73, 95% CI 0.28–1.92). The odds of other adverse neonatal outcomes, including macrosomia, large-for-gestational age and major congenital malformations, did not show significant differences before and after adjustment in both EMT ≤7.6 and ≥ 13.1 mm groups.

Conclusions
EMT is not independently associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in IUI cycles. This novel finding would provide reassuring information for IUI patients with thin endometrial linings regarding their neonatal health. However, further prospective cohort studies with larger datasets are needed to confirm the conclusion.
Two forms of CX3CL1 display differential activity and rescue cognitive deficits in CX3CL1 knockout mice
Authors: Winter Aimee N. , Subbarayan Meena S. , Grimmig Bethany , Weesner Jason A. , Moss Lauren , Peters Melinda , Weeber Edwin , Nash Kevin , Bickford Paula C. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Fractalkine (CX3CL1; FKN) is a chemokine expressed by neurons that mediates communication between neurons and microglia. By regulating microglial activity, CX3CL1 can mitigate the damaging effects of chronic microglial inflammation within the brain, a state that plays a major role in aging and neurodegeneration. CX3CL1 is present in two forms, a full-length membrane-bound form and a soluble cleaved form (sFKN), generated by a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) 10 or 17. Levels of sFKN decrease with aging, which could lead to enhanced inflammation, deficits in synaptic remodeling, and subsequent declines in cognition. Recently, the idea that these two forms of CX3CL1 may display differential activities within the CNS has garnered increased attention, but remains unresolved.

Methods
Here, we assessed the consequences of CX3CL1 knockout (CX3CL1-/-) on cognitive behavior as well as the functional rescue with the two different forms of CX3CL1 in mice. CX3CL1-/- mice were treated with adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing either green fluorescent protein (GFP), sFKN, or an obligate membrane-bound form of CX3CL1 (mFKN) and then subjected to behavioral testing to assess cognition and motor function. Following behavioral analysis, brains were collected and analyzed for markers of neurogenesis, or prepared for electrophysiology to measure long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal slices.

Results
CX3CL1−/− mice showed significant deficits in cognitive tasks for long-term memory and spatial learning and memory in addition to demonstrating enhanced basal motor performance. These alterations correlated with deficits in both hippocampal neurogenesis and LTP. Treatment of CX3CL1−/− mice with AAV-sFKN partially corrected changes in both cognitive and motor function and restored neurogenesis and LTP to levels similar to wild-type animals. Treatment with AAV-mFKN partially restored spatial learning and memory in CX3CL1−/− mice, but did not rescue long-term memory, or neurogenesis.

Conclusions
These results are the first to demonstrate that CX3CL1 knockout causes significant cognitive deficits that can be rescued by treatment with sFKN and only partially rescued with mFKN. This suggests that treatments that restore signaling of soluble forms of CX3CL1 may be a viable therapeutic option for aging and disease.
Psychosocial interventions targeting mental health in pregnant adolescents and adolescent parents: a systematic review
Authors: Laurenzi Christina A. , Gordon Sarah , Abrahams Nina , du Toit Stefani , Bradshaw Melissa , Brand Amanda , Melendez-Torres G. J. , Tomlinson Mark , Ross David A. , Servili Chiara , Carvajal-Aguirre Liliana , Lai Joanna , Dua Tarun , Fleischmann Alexandra , Skeen Sarah 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Pregnancy and parenthood are known to be high-risk times for mental health. However, less is known about the mental health of pregnant adolescents or adolescent parents. Despite the substantial literature on the risks associated with adolescent pregnancy, there is limited evidence on best practices for preventing poor mental health in this vulnerable group. This systematic review therefore aimed to identify whether psychosocial interventions can effectively promote positive mental health and prevent mental health conditions in pregnant and parenting adolescents.

Methods
We used the standardized systematic review methodology based on the process outlined in the World Health Organization’s Handbook for Guidelines Development. This review focused on randomized controlled trials of preventive psychosocial interventions to promote the mental health of pregnant and parenting adolescents, as compared to treatment as usual. We searched PubMed/Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC, EMBASE and ASSIA databases, as well as reference lists of relevant articles, grey literature, and consultation with experts in the field. GRADE was used to assess the quality of evidence.

Results
We included 17 eligible studies (n = 3245 participants). Interventions had small to moderate, beneficial effects on positive mental health (SMD = 0.35, very low quality evidence), and moderate beneficial effects on school attendance (SMD = 0.64, high quality evidence). There was limited evidence for the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions on mental health disorders including depression and anxiety, substance use, risky sexual and reproductive health behaviors, adherence to antenatal and postnatal care, and parenting skills. There were no available data for outcomes on self-harm and suicide; aggressive, disruptive, and oppositional behaviors; or exposure to intimate partner violence. Only two studies included adolescent fathers. No studies were based in low- or middle-income countries.

Conclusion
Despite the encouraging findings in terms of effects on positive mental health and school attendance outcomes, there is a critical evidence gap related to the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for improving mental health, preventing disorders, self-harm, and other risk behaviors among pregnant and parenting adolescents. There is an urgent need to adapt and design new psychosocial interventions that can be pilot-tested and scaled with pregnant adolescents and adolescent parents and their extended networks, particularly in low-income settings.
Survival of people aged 50 years and older by HIV and HIV treatment status: findings from three waves of the SAGE-Wellbeing of Older People Study (SAGE-WOPS) in Uganda
Authors: Mugisha Okello Joseph , Nash Stephen , Kowal Paul , Naidoo Nirmala , Chatterji Somnath , Boerma Ties , Seeley Janet 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Data on the survival status of older adults on antiretroviral treatment (ART) are scarce in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to determine the survival status of people aged 50 years and older who were HIV-negative, HIV-positive not on ART, and HIV-positive on ART.

Methods
We used three waves of data from the World Health Organisation Study on Global Ageing and adult health- Well Being of Older People Study cohort in Uganda, conducted in 2009, 2012–2013 and 2015–2016. The cohort included HIV-negative and HIV-positive persons aged 50 years and older recruited from multiple rural and peri-urban sites in Uganda. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Time-dependent ART data were collected from medical records using a data-abstraction form. This study was conducted before the universal test and treat policy came into effect. We fitted Cox survival models to estimate hazard ratios to compare the risk of death between groups, adjusted for age, sex, marital status and hypertension.

Results
Of 623 participants, 517 (82.9%) of respondents had follow-up data and were included in this analysis. We observed 1571 person-years of follow-up from 274 people who were HIV-negative, and 1252 from 243 who were HIV-positive. The estimated mortality adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) was 1.89 (95% CI 1.0–3.4; p = 0.04) among people living with HIV compared to HIV-negative people. The aHR for mortality among people receiving ART compared with HIV-negative people was 1.75 (95% CI 0.9–3.5). People who were HIV-positive and not receiving ART had the greatest risk of death (aHR = 2.09, 95% CI 1.0–4.4 compared with HIV negative participants). The aHR for HIV-positive people not receiving ART, compared to those who were on treatment, was 1.19 (95% CI 0.6–2.5).

Conclusion
Older adults living with HIV on ART had a risk of mortality that was nearly twice as high as HIV-negative adults. Further analyses of longitudinal data should be done to understand factors that affect the survival of older adults on ART.
Impact of WHO guidelines on trends in HIV testing and ART initiation among children living with HIV in Zambia
Authors: Munthali Tendai , Michelo Charles , Mee Paul , Moyo Crispin , Kashoka Andrew , Liswaniso Liswaniso , Chiboma Innocent , Todd Jim 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAbout 13 years since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for children living with HIV (CLHIV) in Zambia, HIV/AIDS testing and treatment guidelines for children have evolved over the years with limited documentation of long-term trends in the numbers testing HIV positive and initiating ART. We examined trends in HIV testing and ART initiation in Zambia.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using routinely collected patient level data from 496 health facilities across Zambia. We used Poisson regression to derive incident rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for background characteristics and used a Cuzick non-parametric test for trends to test the 13-year trends. Median time from testing to ART initiation in days and incidence rates were derived using life tables in survival analysis. We used multi-level random effects Poisson regression model to determine variations in time from HIV testing to ART initiation by facility.ResultsOverall, the cumulative proportion of the children who tested positive and initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART for HIV) from 2004 to 2017 was 69% (n = 99 592). During the period under review proportions of ART initiation increased from 52% in 2004–2006 to 97% in 2016–2017 (P < 0.001) and time from testing to ART initiation reduced from a median of 17 days IQR (1–161) in 2004 to one day IQR (1–14), P < 0.001 in 2016–2017. CLHIV were 15 times more likely to be initiated on ART in 2016-17 compared to period 2004-6 (IRR = 15.2, 95% CI 14.7–15.7). Time to ART initiation increased with age and was higher in rural health facilities compared to urban facilities. About 11% of the variability in time to ART initiation in children could be attributed to differences between facilities.ConclusionsThe substantial increase in ART initiation and reduction in time to ART initiation among CLHIV identified in this study, reflects improvements in the paediatric HIV programme in Zambia in relation to health care delivery and adherence to national testing and treatment guidelines that were adapted from WHO guidelines. However, age-related differentials in rates of ART initiation suggests that urgent interventions are needed to sustain and further improve programme performance.
Intraoperative radiotherapy with low energy x-rays for primary and recurrent soft-tissue sarcomas
Authors: Sarria Gustavo R. , Petrova Vera , Wenz Frederik , Abo-Madyan Yasser , Sperk Elena , Giordano Frank A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) treatment remains a therapeutic challenge. Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) resembles a safe and efficient for STS treatment. The first data on electronic-IORT (eIORT) using low-energy photons is herein presented.

Methods
Thirty-one patients with newly and recurrent STS were retrospectively assessed. EIORT was applied with low-energy photons during surgery. The dose was either prescribed to the applicator surface (spherical applicators) or 5 mm depth (flat applicators). Overall progression-free survival (O-PFS), local progression-free survival (L-PFS), overall survival (OS) and adverse events were evaluated.

Results
Median follow-up was 4.88 (1.0–8.95) years. Twenty-five patients (80.6%) had recurrent STS with prior treatment. The resection status was R1 in 25.8% and R2 in 6.5%. The distribution was 51.7% for extremities, 35.5% for abdomen and pelvis, 9.7% for thorax and 3.2% for head and neck tumors. The median O-PFS was 11.0 months, with 42.6% 5-year estimated O-PFS. The only local recurrence in the primary setting occurred after 22 months. Median L-PFS in recurrent STS was 12.5 months, with 65.5% 5-year estimated L-PFS. The 5-year OS estimated rate was 94.7% (3 events after 7 years). No G3 toxicity related to eIORT was observed. Two patients exhibited G2 acute neuropathic pain. Late neuropathic pain was seen in 6 patients being 3 graded as G1 and 3 as G2. No wound-related toxicity was found.

Conclusion
Electronic IORT with low-energy photons is a safe treatment option for STS, yielding similar outcomes as historical series reporting IORT with electrons or HDR brachytherapy.
Augmented reality-based navigation increases precision of pedicle screw insertion
Authors: Dennler Cyrill , Jaberg Laurenz , Spirig José , Agten Christoph , Götschi Tobias , Fürnstahl Philipp , Farshad Mazda 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Precise insertion of pedicle screws is important to avoid injury to closely adjacent neurovascular structures. The standard method for the insertion of pedicle screws is based on anatomical landmarks (free-hand technique). Head-mounted augmented reality (AR) devices can be used to guide instrumentation and implant placement in spinal surgery. This study evaluates the feasibility and precision of AR technology to improve precision of pedicle screw insertion compared to the current standard technique.

Methods
Two board-certified orthopedic surgeons specialized in spine surgery and two novice surgeons were each instructed to drill pilot holes for 40 pedicle screws in eighty lumbar vertebra sawbones models in an agar-based gel. One hundred and sixty pedicles were randomized into two groups: the standard free-hand technique (FH) and augmented reality technique (AR). A 3D model of the vertebral body was superimposed over the AR headset. Half of the pedicles were drilled using the FH method, and the other half using the AR method.

Results
The average minimal distance of the drill axis to the pedicle wall (MAPW) was similar in both groups for expert surgeons (FH 4.8 ± 1.0 mm vs. AR 5.0 ± 1.4 mm, p = 0.389) but for novice surgeons (FH 3.4 mm ± 1.8 mm, AR 4.2 ± 1.8 mm, p = 0.044).
Expert surgeons showed 0 primary drill pedicle perforations (PDPP) in both the FH and AR groups. Novices showed 3 (7.5%) PDPP in the FH group and one perforation (2.5%) in the AR group, respectively (p > 0.005).
Experts showed no statistically significant difference in average secondary screw pedicle perforations (SSPP) between the AR and the FH set 6-, 7-, and 8-mm screws (p > 0.05). Novices showed significant differences of SSPP between most groups: 6-mm screws, 18 (45%) vs. 7 (17.5%), p = 0.006; 7-mm screws, 20 (50%) vs. 10 (25%), p = 0.013; and 8-mm screws, 22 (55%) vs. 15 (37.5%), p = 0.053, in the FH and AR group, respectively. In novices, the average optimal medio-lateral convergent angle (oMLCA) was 3.23° (STD 4.90) and 0.62° (STD 4.56) for the FH and AR set screws (p = 0.017), respectively. Novices drilled with a higher precision with respect to the cranio-caudal inclination angle (CCIA) category (p = 0.04) with AR.

Conclusion
In this study, the additional anatomical information provided by the AR headset superimposed to real-world anatomy improved the precision of drilling pilot holes for pedicle screws in a laboratory setting and decreases the effect of surgeon’s experience. Further technical development and validations studies are currently being performed to investigate potential clinical benefits of the herein described AR-based navigation approach.
Variability and uncertainty in forest biomass estimates from the tree to landscape scale: the role of allometric equations
Authors: Vorster Anthony G. , Evangelista Paul H. , Stovall Atticus E. L. , Ex Seth 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Biomass maps are valuable tools for estimating forest carbon and forest planning. Individual-tree biomass estimates made using allometric equations are the foundation for these maps, yet the potentially-high uncertainty and bias associated with individual-tree estimates is commonly ignored in biomass map error. We developed allometric equations for lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), ponderosa pine (P. ponderosa), and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in northern Colorado. Plot-level biomass estimates were combined with Landsat imagery and geomorphometric and climate layers to map aboveground tree biomass. We compared biomass estimates for individual trees, plots, and at the landscape-scale using our locally-developed allometric equations, nationwide equations applied across the U.S., and the Forest Inventory and Analysis Component Ratio Method (FIA-CRM). Total biomass map uncertainty was calculated by propagating errors from allometric equations and remote sensing model predictions. Two evaluation methods for the allometric equations were compared in the error propagation—errors calculated from the equation fit (equation-derived) and errors from an independent dataset of destructively-sampled trees (n = 285).

Results
Tree-scale error and bias of allometric equations varied dramatically between species, but local equations were generally most accurate. Depending on allometric equation and evaluation method, allometric uncertainty contributed 30–75% of total uncertainty, while remote sensing model prediction uncertainty contributed 25–70%. When using equation-derived allometric error, local equations had the lowest total uncertainty (root mean square error percent of the mean [% RMSE] = 50%). This is likely due to low-sample size (10–20 trees sampled per species) allometric equations and evaluation not representing true variability in tree growth forms. When independently evaluated, allometric uncertainty outsized remote sensing model prediction uncertainty. Biomass across the 1.56 million ha study area and uncertainties were similar for local (2.1 billion Mg; % RMSE = 97%) and nationwide (2.2 billion Mg; % RMSE = 94%) equations, while FIA-CRM estimates were lower and more uncertain (1.5 billion Mg; % RMSE = 165%).

Conclusions
Allometric equations should be selected carefully since they drive substantial differences in bias and uncertainty. Biomass quantification efforts should consider contributions of allometric uncertainty to total uncertainty, at a minimum, and independently evaluate allometric equations when suitable data are available.