bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of the level of personal relevance of visual autobiographical stimuli in the induction of positive emotions in young and older adults: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Fernandez Dolores , Ros Laura , Sánchez-Reolid Roberto , Ricarte Jorge Javier , Latorre Jose Miguel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The ability to retrieve specific memories is a cognitive and emotional protective factor. Among the most effective techniques to generate autobiographical memories is the use of audio-visual stimuli, particularly images. Developing and improving techniques that facilitate the generation of such memories could be highly effective in the prevention of depressive symptoms, especially in the elderly population. The aim of the present study is to examine how the level of personal relevance of pictures as autobiographical memory cues to induce positive emotions may affect an individual’s emotion regulation.Methods The participants, 120 older adults aged 65 and over and 120 young adults aged between 18 and 35, of both sexes and without depressive symptoms, will be induced to a negative mood state by means of viewing a film clip. Following the negative mood induction, the participants will be shown positive images according to experimental group to which they were randomly assigned (high personal relevance: personal autobiographical photographs; medium personal relevance: pictures of favourite locations associated with specific positive autobiographical memories; and low personal relevance: positive images from the International Affective Picture System). We will analyse the differences in subjective (responses to questionnaires) and objectives measures (EEG signal, heart rate variability and electrodermal activity) between the groups before and after the induction of negative affect and following the recall of positive memories.Discussion The use of images associated with specific positive autobiographical memories may be an effective input for inducing positive mood states, which has potentially important implications for their use as a cognitive behavioural technique to treat emotional disorders, such as depression, which are highly prevalent among older adults.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04251104. Registered on 30 January 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04251104
Traditional uses of Corchorus olitorius L in Oyam District, Northern Uganda: A cross-sectional ethnobotanical survey
Authors: Nakaziba Rebecca , Anyolitho Maxson Kenneth , Amanya Sharon Bright , Ogwal-Okeng Jasper , Alele Paul E. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Corchorus olitorius L is a naturally growing green leafy vegetable used for various medicinal purposes worldwide. Several studies conducted elsewhere indicate that the plant is used for treating cardiac insufficiency, infertility, wounds, malaria, typhoid fever, female and ulcers. However, in Uganda most studies that define medicinal plants do not reveal Corchorus olitorius L as being one of them. As a result, there is dearth of documented information regarding its medicinal benefits in the country. In order to bridge this gap, we conducted a study to establish the traditional medicinal uses of Corchorus olitorius L in Oyam District, Northern Uganda.Methods: We employed an ethnobotanical survey using quantitative approach of data collection and analysis. We randomly sampled 246 participants from 40 villages and four sub counties from Oyam district. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed for descriptive statistics using SPSS v20 software.Results: We collected a total of 239 valid questionnaires giving a response rate of 97 %. The study found out that 231 (96.7%) of the participants ate Corchorus olitorius L whereas 185 (77.4%) used it for medicinal purposes. Interestingly, they used it mainly for treatment of joint difficulties (58.12%) and gastrointestinal disturbances (31.19%). Conclusion: Corchorus olitorius L is predominantly used as a medicinal plant for the treatment of joint and gastrointestinal complications.
NCSTN promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth and metastasis via β-catenin activation in a Notch1/AKT dependent manner
Authors: Li Hui , Lan Tian , Xu Lin , Liu Hailing , Wang Jinju , Li Jiaxin , Chen Xiangzheng , Huang Jiwei , Yuan Kefei , Zeng Yong , Wu Hong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma is the third top cause of cancer-related mortalities worldwide. The prognosis of HCC patients remains poor due to rapid progression and high incidence of tumor recurrence. Nicastrin (NCSTN), a core subunit of γ-Secretase, has been reported to play a vital role in tumor progression. However, no study till now has revealed its role in HCC. Methods The expression of NCSTN was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining, Western blot, and quantitative real-time PCR. Cell counting kit-8, colony formation and cell cycle assays were used for evaluating cell growth in vitro. Transwell and wound-healing assays were used for evaluating cell migration and invasion capacity. Immunofluorescence, subcellular protein fractionation and co-immunoprecipitation were used for location analysis of β-catenin. The in vivo functions of NCSTN were illustrated by xenograft tumor models. Results NCSTN was dramatically overexpressed in HCC compared to normal liver tissues. Elevated NCSTN expression level was significantly correlated to worse overall and recurrence-free survival of HCC patients. Enhanced NCSTN expression promoted HCC cell growth, migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigations showed that NCSTN induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process via upregulation of Zeb1. Subsequently, we revealed that NCSTN facilitated nuclear translocation of β-catenin, a positive transcriptional regulator of Zeb1. Using Notch and AKT inhibitors, we revealed that NCSTN promoted β-catenin activation through Notch1 and AKT signaling pathway. NCSTN increased AKT and GSK-3β phosphorylation by cleavage of Notch1, which decreased GSK-3β/β-catenin complex. The inactivation of GSK-3β inhibited the β-catenin degradation and promoted nuclear translocation of β-catenin to initiate transcription of Zeb1, resulting in malignant phenotype. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that NCSTN promoted HCC cell growth and metastasis via β-catenin-mediated upregulation of Zeb1 in a Notch1/AKT dependent manner, suggesting that NCSTN might serve as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for HCC.
Antibiotics And Bacteria: Mechanisms Of Action And Resistance Strategies
Authors: Skarżyńska Magdalena , Zając Magdalena , Wasyl Dariusz 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The resistance of bacteria to antimicrobial substances is one of the most serious epidemiological problems present on a global scale. The widespread use of same classes of antimicrobials in human and veterinary medicine, often without laboratory confirmation of the efficacy of active compounds used, contributes to the selection of resistant bacteria in humans and animals, and their spread in nature. The increasing resistance of pathogenic bacteria leads to serious consequences for both human and animal health. However, the resistance of commensal bacteria is equally important as they constitute a reservoir and vector of resistance determinants in the environment. Exposure to antimicrobials belonging to different classes can lead to cross-resistance and the selection of genes that may spread horizontally on mobile genetic elements. The emergence of plasmid-encoded resistance to critically important antibiotics for human medicine e.g. carbapenems or polymyxins is alarming. On the example of antibiotics classified as critically important for human medicine, it is possible to discuss almost all bacterial mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. For effective combat against the growing antibiotic resistance of bacteria, it is necessary to know the mechanisms of resistance and the methods of their acquisition by bacteria. The aim of the paper is to review the ways that critically important antimicrobials act on bacterial cells and present complex mechanisms that are responsible for resistance to these substances as well as genes conferring for resistance.
1. Introduction. 2. Antimicrobials that cause loss of cell wall integrity: β-lactams, glycopeptides and phosphonic acid derivatives. 2.1. Mechanisms of antimicrobial action. 2.2. Mechanisms of resistance. 3. Antimicrobials affecting the cell membrane: polymyxins and lipopeptides. 3.1. Mechanisms of antimicrobial action. 3.2. Mechanisms of resistance. 4. Antimicrobial substances that inhibit the synthesis of nucleic acids: quinolones and ansamycins. 4.1. Mechanisms of antimicrobial action. 4.2. Mechanisms of resistance. 5. Antimicrobial substances inhibiting protein synthesis: macrolides, ketolides, aminoglycosides, glycylcyclines, oxazolidinones. 5.1. Mechanisms of antimicrobial action. 5.2. Mechanisms of resistance. 6. Summary
Numerical investigation of the spatial distribution ofEscherichia coliin river deltas for different values of river discharge, temperature and irradiation of the water surface
Authors: Leonardi Nicoletta , Matsoukis Constantinos , Carnacina Iacopo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEscherichia coli and other enteric pathogens' presence indicate that the water has been contaminated with fecal matter. River deltas are population hotspots which are becoming increasingly urbanized and where poor sanitation has been frequently identified as a pressing issue. In this study, we have investigated the spatial distribution of E. coli in river deltas under varying river discharge, temperature and irradiation at the water surface. A hydrodynamic and water quality model has been used to reproduce an idealized river delta configuration and to investigate the spatial distribution of E. coli across the delta floodplain and channels. The concentration of E. coli rapidly declines downstream, following a tripartite trend with different decline rates on the delta front, pro-delta and shelf area. The highest differences in the spatial distribution of E. coli bacteria occur for low-river discharge values. Temperature and irradiation both influence the concentration of E. coli and mostly influence downstream areas and smaller channels.
Challenges in calibration of water distribution network: a case study of Ramnagar Elevated Service Reservoir command area in Nagpur City, India
Authors: Rathi Shweta , Gupta Rajesh , Labhasetwar Pawan , Nagarnaik Pranav 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Calibration of a hydraulic model is a challenging task as it considers the involvement of a large number of uncertain parameters. There are some parameters like length and diameter of pipes, for which fairly accurate values can be obtained. As with all hydraulic models, water demands are one of the main parameters that cause the most uncertainty in the model outputs. The calibration of the water demands is usually not feasible, which is attributable to the limited quantity of available measurements in most real water networks. However, some parameters like nodal demands and pipe roughness coefficients are estimated close to the actual values. Various types of valves are used for flow control by throttling. Hence, their setting in the field is also an important input to the model. Having more precise data helps in reducing time and results in better calibration as presented in the case study of one hydraulic zone served from Ramnagar Elevated Service Reservoir (ESR) (Zone II) in Nagpur City, Maharashtra State, India. This paper aims at presenting the complexities and challenges involved in calibration of the study area. It further describes the entire process from collection of the required data to the calibration of the network.
Degradation of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) by a bacterium strain Flavobacterium mizutaii L-15
Authors: Xiuyan Liu , Ji Zhang , Hancheng Mao , Fanyi Kong , Cong Teng , Jingang Huang , Chuyan Yu , Xiangyang Xu , Sheng Teng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Acid orange 7 (AO7) is an azo dye widely used in the dyeing and direct printing industry. AO7 is an environmental pollutant because the cleavage of azo bonds produces aromatic amines, which are considered mutagenic and carcinogenic. Microbial degradation is one of the most effective methods to remove environmental pollutants. A bacterium strain L-15 was isolated from the wastewater treatment system of a dye manufacturer. This strain is capable of decolorizing AO7. The strain was identified as Flavobacterium mizutaii based on its morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and the sequence of 16S rDNA. The AO7-degrading characteristics and the effects of culture condition on the degrading efficiency of the strain were investigated by shake-flask culturing. The optimal degradation condition of L-15 was 30 °C and pH 7.0. After culturing at 30 °C for 3 days with the initial AO7 concentration of 20 mg/L, the degradation rate of AO7 was 60.45%. The optimal salt concentration was lower than 2%.
Evaluation of an Educational Health Website on Infections and Antibiotics in England: Mixed Methods, User-Centered Approach
Authors: Allison Rosalie , Hayes Catherine , Young Vicki , McNulty Cliodna A M 
Published: March 2020

Background
e-Bug, an educational health website for teachers and students, aims to help control antibiotic resistance by educating young people about microbes, hygiene, and antibiotic resistance, reducing the incidence of infection and, therefore, the need for antibiotics. The teachers’ section of the e-Bug website has not been evaluated since it was launched in 2009, and worldwide page views have been steadily decreasing since 2013.

Objective
This study aimed to apply GoodWeb, a comprehensive framework utilizing methodologies and attributes that are relevant to the digital era, to evaluate and suggest improvements to the e-Bug website.

Methods
Electronic questionnaires and face-to-face completion of task scenarios were used to assess content, ease of use, interactivity, technical adequacy, appearance, effectiveness, efficiency, and learnability of the teachers’ section of the e-Bug website.

Results
A total of 106 teachers evaluated the e-Bug website; 97.1% (103/106) of them reported that they would use e-Bug, and 98.1% (104/106) of them reported that they would recommend it to others. Participants thought that there was a niche for e-Bug because of the way the resources fit into the national curriculum. Suggestions for improvements included changing the menu indication by highlighting the current page or deactivating links, improving home page indication, and providing a preview of resources when hovering the mouse over hyperlinks. Additional features requested by users included a search function and access to training opportunities.

Conclusions
This paper reports that the GoodWeb framework was successfully applied to evaluate the e-Bug website, and therefore, it could be used to guide future website evaluations in other fields. Results from this study will be used to appraise the current quality and inform any future changes, modifications, and additions to e-Bug.
Reliability of Smartphone for Diffusion-Weighted Imaging–Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Scores in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients: Diagnostic Test Accuracy Study
Authors: Sakai Kenichiro , Komatsu Teppei , Iguchi Yasuyuki , Takao Hiroyuki , Ishibashi Toshihiro , Murayama Yuichi 
Published: March 2020

Background
High-quality neuroimages can be viewed using a medical app installed on a smartphone. Although interdevice agreement between smartphone and desktop PC monitor was found to be favorable for evaluating computed tomography images, there are no interdevice agreement data for diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

Objective
The aim of our study was to compare DWI interpretation using the Join smartphone app with that using a desktop PC monitor, in terms of interdevice and interrater agreement and elapsed interpretation time.

Methods
The ischemic change in the DWI of consecutive patients with acute stroke in the middle cerebral artery territory was graded by 2 vascular neurologists using the Join smartphone app and a desktop PC monitor. The vascular neurologists were blinded to all patient information. Each image was categorized as either Diffusion-Weighted Imaging–Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Scores (DWI-ASPECTS) ≥7 or DWI-ASPECTS <7 according to the Japanese Society for Neuroendovascular Therapy. We analyzed interdevice agreement and interrater agreement with respect to DWI-ASPECTS. Elapsed interpretation time was compared between DWI-ASPECTS evaluated by the Join smartphone app and a desktop PC monitor.

Results
We analyzed the images of 111 patients (66% male; median age=69 years; median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score on admission=4). Interdevice agreement regarding DWI-ASPECTS between the smartphone and the desktop PC monitor was favorable (vascular neurologist 1: κ=0.777, P<.001, vascular neurologist 2: κ=0.787, P<.001). Interrater agreement was also satisfactory for the smartphone (κ=0.710, P<.001) and the desktop PC monitor (κ=0.663, P<.001). Median elapsed interpretation time was similar between the smartphone and the desktop PC monitor (vascular neurologist 1: 1.7 min vs 1.6 min; P=.64); vascular neurologist 2: 2.4 min vs 2.0 min; P=.14).

Conclusions
The use of a smartphone app enables vascular neurologists to estimate DWI-ASPECTS accurately and rapidly. The Join medical smartphone app shows great promise in the management of acute stroke.
Eradication of hepatitits C virus in patient with cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and mutations D168E, L31V
Authors: Dunaeva N. V. , Chirskaya M. A. , Kolpashchikova E. Yu. , Romanova S. Yu. , Lapin S. V. , Karev V. E. , Gusev D. A. 
Published: March 2020

The case of chronic hepatitis C 1b genotype with grade 3 fibrosis according to Metavir, complicated by the development of mixed type III cryoglobulinemia, cryoglobulinemic vasculitis with damage to the skin vessels of the skin (hemorrhagic vasculitis), and the liver (alternatively proliferative vasculitis) is demonstrated. The introduction of daclatasvir + asunaprevir was virologically unsuccessful: mutations D168E and L31V were detected against the background of a virological breakthrough. A repeated course of antiviral therapy with the combination of Grazoprevir + Elbasvir in combination with sofosbuvir led to a stable virologic response, partial immunological and clinical remission.
Molecular-genetic characteristics of the tick-borne encephalitis virus pathogenicity of far eastern subtype
Authors: Leonova G. N. , Somova L. M. , Belikov S. I. 
Published: March 2020

The aim of the work: Using the data of genome-wide sequencing of tick-borne encephalitis virus strains of the Far Eastern population, reveal the peculiarities of the moleculargenetic characteristics and their relationship with the pathogenicity of the agent. Materials and methods. A full-genomic characteristic of 63 TBEV strains isolated in the Far East and registered in GeneBank wos given. A pathohistological study of the central nervous system of monkeys infected with the highly virulent strains Sofjin and Khabarovsk-17 TBEV was conducted. Results. All strains are assigned to the Far Eastern subtype of TBEV and are located in three clusters, the territorial attachment of individual strains groups is noted. In the cluster of Sofjin-like strains, independent groups were identified, isolated in the territories of Primorsky Krai only, and separate groups – only in northern focal territories (Khabarovsk Krai). The cluster Senzhang-like strains are represented by strains of different clusters, isolated in China and throughout the Far East. The Oshima-like cluster of strains, except for strains from Japan, consists of strains isolated only in the south of the Far East (in Primorsky Krai). The incubation period of the disease in experimental animals was shorter when infected with the Sofjin strain (3–5 days) than when infected with the Khabarovsk-17 strain (7 days or more). The strain-specific differences in the severity of morphological changes in the central nervous system were revealed. For primorsky TBEV strains, a higher degree of neuroinvasiveness was characteristed with a more rapid development of severe manifestations of neuroinfection, compared to khabarovsky strains.Findings: 1) based on full-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of 63 TBEV strains, three main clusters were distinguished: Sofjin-, Senzhang- and Oshima-like; 2) in these clusters, territorial attachment of TBEV strains groups with a certain molecular genetic characteristic was established; 3) in primorsky TBEV strains, genetically determined advantages in the degree of neuroinvasiveness have been revealed, which provide them with the ability to more quickly overcome the blood-brain barrier compared to khabarovsky strains.
Foreign Equity Ownership and Income Smoothing
Authors: Jung Boochun , Lee Dongyoung , Shin Ilhang , Yuen C.Y. Desmond 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
We examine whether foreign investors influence a local firm's income smoothing, using a sample of Korean firms from 2000 to 2013. We hypothesize that given innate informational difficulties of overseas investments, foreign investors demand less noisy and more sustainable earnings, and to satisfy this demand, managers have strong incentives to smooth earnings. We find that foreign investors' ownership is positively related to the level of earnings smoothing. We also find that earnings smoothing improves earnings informativeness in the presence of high foreign investor ownership, consistent with the notion that foreign investors play an important role in local firms' information environments.
JEL Classifications: M41; M43; J53.
Penerapan Sustainable Design dalam Perancangan Taman Budaya di Kabupaten Klaten
Authors: Setiawan Dwi , Natalia Dita Ayu Rani 
Published: March 2020

Klaten merupakan pusat kota dari Pemerintahan Kabupaten Klaten, Jawa Tengah. Klaten merupakan salah satu bagian dari Karisidenan Surakarta atau merupakan bagian dari lingkup daerah kekuasaan Kasunanan Surakarta. Posisi Klaten berada di tengah – tengah antara pusat kota Solo dan Yogyakarta, menjadikan Klaten sebagai sebuah kabupaten yang sangat kaya akan potensi kebudayaan daerah. Selain itu Klaten memiliki kalender event setiap tahunnya yang diadakan di beberapa daerah Kabupaten Klaten. Taman Budaya adalah suatu ruang yang memiliki fungsi sebagai wadah kegiatan menggelar berbagai pertunjukan sekaligus tempat berkumpul dan bertemu para seniman dan juga sebagai ajang pengenalan dan pelestarian budaya ke generasi mendatang. Perancangan Taman Budaya diawali pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data primer yaitu berupa wawancara, pengamatan, pemetaan lokasi serta dokumentasi, dan metode pengumpulan data sekunder yaitu berupa data dari instansi yang terkait serta studi literatur terhadap jurnal atau karya ilmiah yang berkaitan. Pendekatan konsep sustainable design digunakan sebagai usaha penyatuan bangunan dengan prinsip keberlanjutan budaya, yang meliputi keseimbangan social, ekonomi dan lingkungan. Tiga hal ini menjadi dasar agar terwujudnya kenyamanan, integrasi social di dalam maupun luar bangunan serta pengurangan dampak limbah bangunan terhadap lingkungan. Hasil konsep sustainable design diterapkan secara fungsi ruang, tampak bangunan dengan mempertimbangkan struktur dan utilitas bangunan.