bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbetocin Versus Oxytocin for Prophylaxis of PPH Used During Caesarean Section: An Open Label Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Nahaer MK , Nurunnobi AKM , Talukder SI , Ferdousy H , Sharmin F , Islam GMR , Parvin R 
Published: August 2020

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality; uterineatony is the most important cause. Uterotonics are used to prevent uterine atony. Carbetocin,a synthetic anallague of oxytocin seems to be an effective and safe new drug for preventionof PPH after caesarean
The Aim of Study:To find out the efficacy and safety of carbetocin over oxytocin for theprevention of PPH during caesarean section.Patients and Methods: A randomized-controlled trial was conducted in the Dept. of Obs &Gyane, Rangpur Medical College and Hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh over a period of twelvemonths from June 2016 to June 2017. One hundred admitted patients undergoing cesareansection at term were randomized into two groups receiving either 10 IU oxytocin or 100 μgcarbetocin after caesarean section. Outcome measures such as primary PPH, massiveblood loss, need for additional uterotonic drug, additional blood transfusion as well as adverseeffects were all documented.
Results: Massive blood loss occurred in 6% patients, blood transfusion needed in 20% patientsand additional uterotonic needed for 36% patients in Oxytocin group but in Carbetocin groupno massive blood lossoccurred, only 2%patients needed immediate blood transfusion and4% patients were required additional uterotonics. There were no major adverse effectsobserved in both the groups. No patients had developed PPH in carbetocin group. But 8%(4)patients had developed PPH in oxytocin group.
Conclusion: Carbetocin appears to be an effective new drug than Oxytocin for the preventionof postpartum hemorrhage following caesarean section.
Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2018; Vol. 33(2) : 113-118
B55 Fetus Papyraceous - A Case Report With Maternal Coagulopathy And Successful Maternal and Fetal Outcome
Authors: Mina Mst Nazmunnaher , (Shuchi) Ferdous Ara , Khanum Afroza , Islam Tahsin , Sultana Sabiha , Jahan Ummul Nusrat , Begum Sufia 
Published: August 2020

Fetus papyraceous is defined as a compressed fetus, mummified, parchment-like remainsof a dead twin or triplet that is retained in-utero after intrauterine death in the second trimester.We report a case of one fetus papyraceous with maternal coagulopathy and no maternaland fetal complications in the post-partum period.
Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2018; Vol. 33(2) : 160-163
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Border Guard Bangladesh Personnel
Authors: Wahab Md Abdul , Rahman Md Mustafizur , Razzak Md Abdur , Rahman Md Habibur , Parvin Mimi , Zafreen Farzana 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifaceted syndrome comprises a cluster of metabolic abnormalities including hypertension, central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and is strongly associated with developing diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Prevalence of MetS differs in different ethnic population by using different definition.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of the MetS and its component risk factors among Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB) personnel working in Chattagram Hill Tract (CHT).
Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2016 to February 2018 among 1455 male BGB personnel aged between 40 to 59 years and working in CHT of Bangladesh. Study subjects were selected at BGB hospital, Guimara, Khagrachari. The new International Diabetes Federation (IDF) guidelines were used to identify MetS. Detail history, clinical examination, anthropometry and blood pressure (BP) were measured and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and lipid profile were assessed.
Results: Among the 1455 respondents’ BMI, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic BP were found more than normal in 34.1, 37.7, 16.4% and 12.3% respectively. Biochemical parameters including FPG, TC, TG, and LDL-C was raised in 28.7%, 49.8%, 52.2% and 37.7% of respondents respectively. HDL-C was found decreased in 26.9% respondents. Age wise prevalence of MetS for age group 40-44, 45-49, 50-54 and 55- 59 years were found 21.3%, 21.7%, 24.1% and 26.1% of the respondents respectively. The overall prevalence of MetS was found 22.4%.
Conclusion: The prevalence of the MetS in BGB personnel was found 22.4%. Appropriate measure should be taken to lower the MetS cases.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 97-100
Association of Smokeless Tobacco with Coronary Heart Diseases
Authors: Ahmad Jamil , Pasha AKM Mustafa Kamal , Islam Md Ziaul , Kabir SM Humayan 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Coronary heart diseases (CHDs) are one of the leading killers in our country. Both smoking and smokeless tobacco (SLT) are major risk factors for CHDs. Bangladesh is one of the top-ranked countries in the world regarding SLT users.
Objectives: To determine the relation between smokeless tobacco uses and CHDs.
Materials and Methods: This case-control observational study was conducted at the outpatientdepartment of Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka and National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Hospital from July 2017 to June 2018 among selected 62 adultcoronary heart diseasepatients (Cases) and 62 age and sex-matched non-CHDs patients (Controls).
Results: In Cases; 61.3% of respondents were male and mean age was 51.56 + 11.46 years. In Controls; 56.5 % respondents were male and mean age was 48.15 ± 12.53 years. Among the CHDs cases 19 (30.6%) was SLT users but in non-CHD cases it was only 10(16.1%) and this difference was not statistically significant. All the SLT users in CHDs Controlswere longduration users and majority uses Gul or Jorda.
Conclusion: Number of SLT users was more in CHDs Cases than non-CHD Controls but this difference was not statistically significant. Further studies with more sample size are recommended to find the relation between SLT users and CHDS.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 106-108
Post-operative Recovery of Morbidly Obese Patients under General Anaesthesia Using Desflurane versus Sevoflurane
Authors: Alam Md Mahbub Ul , Patwary Abhay , Sultana Most Sarmin , Md Nurunnabi - , Wahab Md Abdul 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is commonly performed under general anaesthesia. LSG operation has become one of the most effective treatments of morbidly obese patients. There are several modalities of inducing and maintenance of general anaesthesia (GA).
Objectives: To compare the post-operativerecovery of morbidly obese patient using desflurane versus sevoflurane with remifentanyl infusion as maintenance of anaesthesia.
Materials and Methods: This prospective randomized singlecentre analytic study was carried out in Jaber Al Ahmed Armed Forces Hospital, Kuwait from July 2015 to July 2017. Total 60 morbidly obese patients(BMI>40kg/m2) undergoing LSG under GA were randomly selected into two equal groups(Group-A and Group-B).Group-A received desflurane, Group-B received sevoflurane and both groups receivedremifentanyl infusion as maintenance of GA. To maintain hemodynamic stability and bispectral index score in the range of 40-60, using volatile anaesthetic either desflurane 2-6% or sevoflurane 1-2% with airand oxygen 50: 50 during maintenance. Early recovery criteria were response to painful stimuli,obeying verbal command, spontaneous eye-opening, extubation time, handgrip, and orientation assessed by answering name and location. Intermediate recovery was assessed by modified Aldrete’sscore at PACU.
Results: No significant differences in perioperative heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressurewas found between two groups. Group-A patients had significantly faster eye-opening (9.7±4.3 vs 18.5±6.6),voluntary head rising on command (3.46±2.1 vs 7.38±4.52) shorter extubation time(12.2±8.1 vs 24.2±12), and orientation in time(16.2±8.2 vs 31.2±12.9)as compared to Group-B.
Conclusion: Volatile anaestheticdesflurane provided better post-operative recovery than sevoflurane in morbidly obese patients undergoing LSG with GA.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 116-119
Injury Pattern among Bangladesh Army Recruits during Initial Training
Authors: Mohammad Mohsin - , Md Shahidullah - , Rahman Md Mahbubur , Kabir SM Humayan 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: The recruit training period is the most formative part of a soldier’s life, full of both mental and physical challenges. They have to perform rigorous events under stressful conditions for a prolonged time. So they remain more vulnerable to injuries with their varied physical capabilities. Keeping in view the lack of injury data regarding recruit training in Bangladesh, scientific studies in this field bear immense importance. Objectives: To identify the common injuries encountered by recruits as well as the extent of the problem due to trainingrelated injuries and also to ascertain probable determinants for such injuries.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from 1st January to 30th June 2012 in two training centres of Bangladesh Army. From all the 575 recruits undergoing training there, those reported sick or hospitalized and diagnosed as a case of training-related injury by a medical officer were taken in the sample. Interview schedule and checklist were used to collect data from 109 sample recruits.
Results: Among total of 575 recruits 109 sustained injury at least once and 21 of them also sustained second injury. Lower extremity was found mostly (89%) affected and majority57.7% suffered from overuse injury. By diagnosis shin splint cases were the highest 36.7%. Among all the events highest 16.5% recruits were injured during participating in games and sports. The occurrence of injury was most (32.1%) during first four weeks of training. Among injured recruits 10.1% gave history of past injury which was found having statistically significant association with frequency of injury.
Conclusion: Injury is a major impediment to recruit training. So, injury reduction through risk identification and appropriate intervention is imperative.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 123-126
Study on 46 XY Disorders of Sex Development
Authors: Jesmin Eva , Mohsin Fauzia , Begum Nurun Nahar Fatema 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: 46 XY disorders of sexual development (DSD) include a wide sphere of phenotypes which can be ambiguous male genitalia with or without hypospadias, unambiguous female genitalia or dysgenetic gonads or any combination of them. Management of these patients depends on the aetiology, age at presentation, gender orientation and advancement in feminization.
Objectives: To assess the clinical, biochemical, radiological and chromosomal profile of the paediatric patients with suspected DSD attending a tertiary level healthcare centre and plan for appropriate management.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 30 cases of 46XY DSD attending the paediatric endocrine unit of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) General Hospital from May 2016 to April 2017. Clinical, biochemical, radiological and chromosomal evaluations were done to identify the cause of DSD.
Results: The mean age of the patients recruited in the study was 3.51 (±5.03) years ranging from 13 days old to 13 years old. Among these 30 patients, the chief complaint was ambiguous genitalia in 29 (96.7%) cases, 1 (3.3%) case with Micropenis and 1 (3.3%) case with absence of development of secondary sexual characteristics. The gender of rearing was male in 23 (76.7%) cases and rest as female. Among the patients 5 (16.67%) patients were diagnosed with PAIS, 5 (16.67%) patients with CAIS, 3 (10%) patients had a deficiency of 5αRD and gonadal dysgenesis was found in 5 (16.67%) patients. The corrective surgery was done in 5(16.67%) patients, 16 (53.3%) patients referred to surgeon for operative treatment and 7(23.3%) patients were prescribed to administer testosterone.
Conclusions: The early presentation, correct identification of the cause and initiation of cause-based treatment can abate the physical and psychosocial complications and may support better gender orientation related adjustability.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 134-138
Oral Health Status among Tobacco Users of Selected Rural Population
Authors: Uddin Abu Noman Mohammed Mosleh , Jewel Mehedi Hasan 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Tobacco smoking is a major risk factor for the development of oral cancer in developing countries. The prevalence of tobacco use is the highest amongst poor people of low educational background. Cancer of oral cavity is the commonest cancer in our country and ranked 5th among male and 4th in female.
Objectives: To assess the oral health status among tobacco users in a selected rural population of Dhamrai and Saturia Upazilla in Dhaka district.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted from 1st November 2018 to 15th January 2019. Non-probability purposive sampling was done and data was collected from 445 respondents.
Results: Among the respondents, 26% were day laborer and 24% were businessmen with family income were between Tk 5000-Tk 10000. About 78.65% of the respondents have tobacco smoking habit among them 75% had current tobacco chewing habit as jarda. 69.21% of the respondents did not complain of any oral problems. Oral health status among the current tobacco smokers and chewers showed that they had dental stain (90.78%), dental plaque (65.17%), dental calculus (44.49%), dental carries (53.03%), bad breathing smell (75%), soft tissue inflammation (23.82%), loose teeth (26.74%) and ulceration (8.54%) in their oral cavity.
Conclusion: Tobacco control protects the rights and health of non-smokers, specially babies, children, youth and pregnant women. The dangers posed to oral health from smoking and chewing tobacco are well documented but the lack of knowledge of the risks is a concern. So oral health should be given great importance from childhood and dental checkup should be done regularly. The general people should be made aware of it through various mass media.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 144-147
Aetio-pathology of Epistaxis: A Study of 165 Cases
Authors: Khan Md Ahsanuzzaman , Wahab Md Abdul , Alam Md Monsur , Tabassum Taniza 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Epistaxis or nose bleeding is an intensely common problem all over the world. It affects almost all age groups of people. In human life span, up to 60% of the people will experience epistaxis and only 6% of them seek medical attention.
Objectives: To find out the aetio-pathological factors of epistaxis and to observe its outcome.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery (ENT) at Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Chattogram from January 2013 to December 2016 and in CMH, Dhaka from January 2017 to July 2019 among 165 patients who reported with complaints of nose bleeding to the ENT Outpatient Department or Emergency unit of the aforementioned hospitals. The cases were diagnosed on the basis of history, clinical examination, radiological and laboratory investigations and the data regarding aetiopathological factors, outcome of the epistaxis were recorded.
Results: The study reveals that the incidence of epistaxis was 14.32% (165 of 1152 patients) with male predominance 70% with a mean age of incidence at 34.44 years. High incidence was noted in the month of December (25) and February (18) where average temperature was 25.03°C and average humidity 79.06% which were typical in cold weather. Low incidence was found in April (7) and October (7) where range of temperature was 26.5°C to 28.2°C and humidity 75.16% to 78.90% respectively. Majority 65.45% reported with bilateral bleeding, 75.76% reported first time, 70.90% of cases had anterior epistaxis. The commonest aetiology was trauma 40% and nasal mass was found in 7.27% cases. Majority 87.27% of patients were treated successfully by nonsurgical/non-interventional method.
Conclusion: Epistaxis is found in all age groups, mostly observed in the third and fourth decade of life with male predominance. With a proper diagnosis, prompt intervention and vigilance, epistaxis can be treated conservatively in maximum cases.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 156-159
Immunoglobulin Pattern in Monoclonal Gammopathy Disorders
Authors: Tarek Monwar , Rahman Latifa , Giti Susane , Wahab Md Abdul 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: The presence of abnormal monoclonal proteins, the M band, is a frequent characteristic feature of plasma cell dyscrasias and is usually detected as a discrete band in the γ or β region in serum or urine protein electrophoresis. It is characterized and confirmed by immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE). Accurate detection and quantification of monoclonal immunoglobulins are important for the diagnosis and management of monoclonal gammopathies.
Objectives: To find out the pattern of immunoglobulin in monoclonal gammopathy cases and evaluate the role of IFE in the detection of them.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Haematology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Dhaka from July 2015 to December 2015. Thirty diagnosed cases of monoclonal gammopathies of both sexes were selected. Bone marrow examination, serum protein electrophoresis, skeletal survey, relevant biochemical test and IFE were performed for all the cases.
Results: Out of 30 monoclonal gammopathy cases, M band was identified in 24(80%) cases by serum protein electrophoresis but by the IFE M band was found in all 30(100%) cases. Among the M band pattern of immunoglobulin was characterized by IFE and the result was; 15(50%) cases IgG Kappa, 09(30%) cases IgG Lambda, 02(6.7%) cases IgA Kappa, 02(6.7%) cases IgM Kappa and 02(6.7%) cases light chain kappa monoclonal protein.
Conclusion: Though the number of the patient was limited, it is evident that in 20% gammopathy cases M band was missing by conventional serum protein electrophoresis but IFE could identify M band in all the cases. It is recommended that IFE should be carried out in all monoclonal gammopathy patients.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 160-163
Socio-demographic Determinants of Hypovitaminosis D
Authors: Rahman Abu Hasanat Md Habibur , Zafreen Farzana , Nazneen Lubna , Wahab Md Abdul 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Hypovitaminosis D is a silent but very devastating health issue throughout the world. Socio-demographic factors have some role on the issue.
Objectives: To determine the sociodemographic determinants of hypovitaminosis D among the clients attending specialized hospitals.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 264 respondents attended the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Dhaka Cantonment for estimation of 25(OH) D within the period of July 2017 to June 2018.
Results: Respondentsmeanage was 48.23±14.05 years and themajority (68.56%) were female among themhalf (49.72%) were menopausal. All the clients were educated and majority (68.18%) had crossed the level of higher secondary. The mean ± SD of monthly family income was Taka 68824.46±23.92 and majority (57.57%) were from higher socioeconomic group. A large portion (47.35%) of the respondents was housewives followed by (26.56%) government employee. The mean± SD level of 25(OH) D of total population was 50.01±29.93 nmol/L butamong the male and female it was 50.86±28.61 nmo/L and 49.60±26.19 nmol/L respectively. Menopausal women (48.03±28.11 nmol/L) had significantly(p <0.05) less vitamin D than non-menopausal women (52.32±23.96 nmol/L) butupper-income group (52.47+23.12 nmol/L) found significantly (p <0.05) higher vitamin D than lower socioeconomic group (46.32+16.78 nmol/L). The fare skinned respondents (54.46 + 28.24 nmol/L)) had significantly(p<0.01) higher level of vitamin D than dark-skinned persons (42.59 + 16.79 nmol/L). The overall hypovitaminosis D was 84.84%.
Conclusion: The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was too high and sociodemographic determinants have a significant impact on vitamin D level. Effective measures need to be taken at all level to overcome nutritional disorder.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 173-176
Awareness and Misconception about HIV/AIDS Transmission among Selected Bangladesh Army Troops
Authors: Mahmud Syed Naufel , Irfan SM Nurul 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: AIDS is a fatal illness that breaks down the body’s immune system, leaving the victim vulnerable to lifethreatening opportunistic infections, neurological disorders or unusual malignancies, having no effective treatment till now.
Objectives: To assess the awareness and misconception about the transmission of HIV/AIDS among the troops of Bangladesh Army.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2011 to December 2011 among purposively selected 125 troops of various Army units of Dhaka Cantonment, Bangladesh. Data were collected by face-to-face interview by pretested structured questionnaire and analyzed by software SPSS version 17.0.
Results: Among the 125 respondents, most (92%) of them were aware of the transmission of HIV/AIDS and having no significant misconception of its transmission. No association has been found between knowledge of HIV transmission and type of occupation.
Conclusion: Most of the troops of the Bangladesh Army were aware of the transmission of HIV/AIDS and misconception among them was very less. The authority should continue thus status for the betterment of the country.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 180-182
Prevalence of Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases among Selected Military Personnel of Bangladesh
Authors: Rustom ATMA , Rahman Md Mahbubur , Iqbal Syed Asif , Hasan Mohammad Nazmul Amin 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in Bangladesh has been increasing as seen by various studies conducted across the country. Reliable data regarding modifiable risk factors of CVDs like body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol levels are not available pertaining to military personnel.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of risk factors for CVDs among adult military personnel of a selected unit of the Bangladesh Army.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 835 adult participants from July 2018 to December 2018 in a military unit of Bangladesh Army. BP, BMI, fasting blood total cholesterol and sugar was assessed as per the standard procedure. Information regarding socio-demographic characteristics was collected using a pretested questionnaire. New American College of Cardiology guidelines-2017 used for categorization of hypertension and WHO criteria were used for grading obesity. Fasting blood sugar levels ≥ 126 mg/dl and total cholesterol> 200 mg/dl considered as increased.
Results: Among the study population, 91% were non-smoker, 82% were married but stayed away from family and 85.3% were taking more fatty food. Only 6.2% of participants have given the history of taking extra salt. Prevalence of obesity raised serum cholesterol, and raised blood sugar were 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.6% respectively. Prevalence of pre-obese was 15.2% and stage-1 hypertensionwas 39.2%among 30-44 years’ age group.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of stage-1 hypertension and its association with overweight in this young, physically active military population indicates an urgent need for targeted interventions to reduce the cardiovascular risk for a healthy life.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 186-189