bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
5‐[2‐(N‐(Substituted phenyl)acetamide)]amino‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole‐2‐sulfonamides as Selective Carbonic Anhydrase II Inhibitors with Neuroprotective Effects
Authors: Jiang Caibao , Shi Jinguo , Liao Liping , Zhang Liantao , Liu Jiayong , Wang Yang , Lao Yaoqiang , Zhang Jingxia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, 22 novel compounds were designed and synthesized by acetamide bridge chains, among which 5 a–5 k were monosubstituted compounds, and 6 a–6 k were disubstituted. A series of biological evaluations was then carried out to determine the carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activity, neuroprotective effects and cytotoxicity of 5 a–5 k and 6 a–6 k. The results showed that some compounds could protect PC12 cells from sodium nitroprusside (SNP)‐induced damage. In terms of the neuroprotection and inhibitory activity against carbonic anhydrase II, monosubstituted compounds were better than disubstituted. Compound 5 c exhibited better protective effect in PC12 cells than that of edaravone, and 5 c also showed less cytotoxicity. In addition, compound 5 c was found to be the most effective selective carbonic anhydrase II inhibitor (IC50=16.7 nM, CAI/CAII=54.3), which was similar to the inhibitory effect of acetazolamide. Moreover, the selectivity of compound 5 c was better than that of acetazolamide (IC50=12.0 nM, CAI/CAII=20.8). Molecular docking presented that the binding effect of compound 5 c with carbonic anhydrase II was superior to that of 5 c with carbonic anhydrase I and IX, which was consistent with the inhibitory results. Based on above findings, compound 5 c may be a potential candidate for selective carbonic anhydrase II inhibitor, and it had obviously neuroprotective effect and great advantages in drug safety.
Inchworm Monte Carlo Method for Open Quantum Systems
Authors: Cai Zhenning , Lu Jianfeng , Yang Siyao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe investigate in this work a recently proposed diagrammatic quantum Monte Carlo method—the inchworm Monte Carlo method—for open quantum systems. We establish its validity rigorously based on resummation of Dyson series. Moreover, we introduce an integro‐differential equation formulation for open quantum systems, which illuminates the mathematical structure of the inchworm algorithm. This new formulation leads to an improvement of the inchworm algorithm by introducing classical deterministic time‐integration schemes. The numerical method is validated by applications to the spin‐boson model. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A systematic mapping study for blockchain based on complex network
Authors: Li Peng , Li Kang , Wang Yilei , Zheng Ying , Wang Dongfeng , Yang Guoyu , Yu Xiaomei 
Published: March 2020

SummaryBlockchain has started to appear as a potentially reliable and underlying technology for various fields. There have been lots of surveys focusing on blockchain with respect to specific topics, such as security, architecture, applications, and so on. However, a systematic mapping study, including all related fields about blockchain, has been largely ignored. In this article, we revisit the problem of complex networks in the form of scientific collaboration networks. More specifically, we utilize the method of systematic mapping and implement them into blockchain technology. We collect 233 articles by searching Baidu scholar with the keyword “blockchain,” then construct two complex networks according to the relationship of keywords and authors, respectively. The keywords' complex network is a small‐world network while the authors' complex network is not. Furthermore, the tool of Netdraw provides a visualized graph for the complex network. Meanwhile, we find some subgroups in the network, which may highlight the future direction of blockchain.
One Step Synthesis of N‐Containing Graphene Oxide from 3‐Aminophenol
Authors: Mandal Peetam , Debbarma Jhuma , Saha Mitali 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLow temperature heating creates scintillating opportunity in controlling the reaction condition and designing the suitable nitrogen containing graphene oxide (NGO) for material researchers and industrial applications. Herein, one step synthesis of NGO from low temperature heating (≈ 120–125 °C) is reported from a nongraphitic nitrogenous precursor in contrast to the conventional methods using graphitic precursors, oxidizers, and N‐containing dopants. The formation of nanosheets of NGO with high nitrogen content (≈19%) is achieved from 3‐aminophenol in presence of trace amount of air bypassing doping and oxidizing agents. The presence of –NH2 and –OH in the precursor plays a vital role in the condensation and aromatization. The chemistry of formation of NGO is studied and the mechanism confirms the presence of pyridinic‐N, graphitic‐N, and pyrrolic‐N in the nanosheets. Further urea is used to reduce NGO into reduced nitrogen graphene oxide, retaining the sheet structure.
PCR‐based detection of the epibiotic fungus Atkinsonella hypoxylon associated with its host grass Danthonia spicata
Authors: Warnke Scott E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDanthonia spicata (L.) Beauv., commonly known as poverty oatgrass, is a perennial bunch‐type grass native to North America. Danthonia spicata is often managed as a turfgrass in areas of the United States where cool‐season grasses are adapted, and it has potential for development as a low‐input turfgrass option. Naturally occurring D. spicata plants occasionally exhibit “choke” of the flowering stems due to a proliferation of fungal hyphae by the ascomycete Atkinsonella hypoxylon (Peck) Diehl. (family Clavicipitaceae). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers were designed to amplify a 116‐bp A. hypoxylon‐specific fragment within the 5.8S ribosomal RNA Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS 1) region. The primer set was then used to amplify the fragment from 24 A. hypoxylon isolates and 24 D. spicata terminal seed head DNA extractions collected from a greenhouse‐maintained population that has never exhibited choke. The A. hypoxylon ITS 1 fragment was amplified from all fungal samples and all terminal seed head samples tested. The plant and fungal amplified fragments produced the same melt peak in high‐resolution melt analysis, and sequence analysis of all terminal seed head samples showed highly significant blast hits with the ITS 1 sequence of A. hypoxylon GenBank Accession U57405.1 and the 24 A. hypoxylon isolates. These results provide evidence that all sampled D. spicata plants are associated with the fungus A. hypoxylon and provide a useful tool for the study A. hypoxylon and its association with D. spicata.
Investigating a simplified method for noninvasive genetic sampling in East African mammals using silica dried scat swabs
Authors: Tighe Andrew J. , Overby Sarah , Thurman Kiera , Gandola Robert , Fulanda Bernerd , Byrne John , Carlsson Jens 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSwabbing scat has proved to be an effective noninvasive method to collect DNA from mammals in the field. Previously, this method has relied on preservative liquids or freezing to preserve the DNA collected on swabs. In this study, we determine the effectiveness of using silica to simply dry the swab in field as an alternative way to prevent DNA degredation. Four species were included in the study; reticulated giraffe, impala, fringe‐eared oryx, and lion. Swabs were taken at multiple time points for giraffe and impala scat samples, with the lion and oryx sampled opportunistically. Mitochondrial DNA was successfully amplified and sequenced from scat swabs from all species; however, effectiveness varied between species, with 81.8% amplification success rate from swabs taken from impala scat compared to 25% amplification success rate in giraffe. This variation in success rate was overcome by taking multiple swabs, thus increasing the probability of a successful amplification. The true merit of this method is in its simplicity and cheapness; no preservative liquids were required to be brought into the field, at no stage in the 2 weeks of field sampling were samples frozen, and no commercial kits were used for DNA extraction.
Voltammetric Detection of Catechol and Dopamine Based on a Supramolecular Composite Prepared from Multifarene[3,3] and Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Luo Huan , Zhao Yong‐Yi , Jin Xian‐Yi , Yang Jian‐Mei , Cong Hang , Ge Qing‐Mei , Sun Lin , Liu Mao , Tao Zhu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA selective and sensitive modified‐electrode for catechol and dopamine was presented with supramolecular recognition accomplished by making use of the macrocyclic host multifarene[3,3] that was used as a composite with reduced graphene oxide. The morphologies and electrochemical nature of the composite were characterized by atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse anodic voltammetry. The modified electrode, best operated at a potential around 0.16 V vs. Ag/AgCl, displayed a differential pulse voltammetric response in the linear concentration range of 10–100 nM within a detection limit of 0.51 nM (at S/N=3). It was further applied to detect dopamine (at a working potential of 0.18 V vs. Ag/AgCl) in the linear concentration range of 10–100 nM with a detection limit of 0.62 nM. The modified electrode also exhibited satisfactory results to the determination of dopamine injections. The constructed modified electrode for dopamine detection was investigated in the presence of the interfering substances including glucose, urea and ascorbic acid, indicating a good selectivity.
Influence factors of unpropped fracture conductivity of shale
Authors: Lu Cong , Lu Yu , Gou Xinghao , Zhong Ye , Chen Chi , Guo Jianchun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHydraulic fracture is widely performed to enhance oil and gas production in the development of unconventional reservoirs. This paper proposes a numerical model for the calculation of the unpropped fracture conductivity of shale. This numerical model consists of three basic models, namely, the numerical reconstruction model of fracture morphology, fracture deformation model under closed stress, and fluid flow model. The numerical model can be used to analyze the influencing factors of the unpropped fracture conductivity of shale quantitatively. The results demonstrate that the fracture misalignment of shale is a prerequisite for unpropped fractures with conductivity at high closed stress. Furthermore, the unpropped fracture conductivity of shale decreases exponentially with the increase in closed stress. Moreover, closed stress is the factor having the most significant influence on the unpropped fracture conductivity of shale, followed by roughness and fracture morphology. The negative effect of closed stress can be reduced by increasing the fracture morphology during the fracturing operation.
Experimental investigation of dry ice cyclone separator for ultra‐low temperature energy storage using carbon dioxide
Authors: Yamasaki Haruhiko , Kizilkan Önder , Yamaguchi Hiroshi , Kamimura Takeshi , Hattori Kazuhiro , Nekså Petter 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCO2 cascade heat pump system has been developed to realize an ultra‐low temperature below the triple point of 0.518 MPa and − 56.6°C or less by flowing dry ice solid‐gas state of CO2 in a refrigeration system. Solid CO2 in the refrigeration system may cause to block the flow in the evaporation process and make the system operation failed. To overcome the blocking phenomena and farther challenging lower refrigeration temperature, the CO2 cyclone separator was newly proposed instead of the conventional evaporator for ultra‐low temperature energy storage. The basic characteristics of CO2 dry ice cycle separator were investigated by constructing test rigs and visual experiments. The visualization tests were carried out by three type separators: nonswirling type separator, cylindrical, and conical type cyclone separators. The results of visualization test showed that the size of the dry ice particles gets bigger by coalescing together with the strong swirling flow in the cyclone separator. In comparison with three type separators, particularly by using the conical type cyclone separator, the amount of accumulation of dry ice at the bottom of the separator was increased as a result of the growth in dry ice particle size.
Lanthanum and Cerium Toxicity to the Freshwater Green Alga Chlorella fusca: Applicability of the Biotic Ligand Model
Authors: Aharchaou Imad , Beaubien Cédrick , Campbell Peter G.C. , Fortin Claude 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The environmental risk assessment of rare earth elements (REEs) requires data on their potential toxicity. In the present study, the toxicity of lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) was studied in relation to metal speciation in solution. For both La and Ce, the use of organic ligands demonstrated that the calculated free ion concentration was a good indicator of toxicity. Whether in the absence or presence of organic ligands, when based on free ion concentrations, the obtained half-maximal effective concentrations were similar. When all generated data were pooled, Ce and La showed identical toxicity thresholds after 120 h of exposure with free ion concentration–based median effective concentration values (95% confidence intervals) of 0.48 (0.38–0.60) µM and 0.47 (0.36–0.61) µM for La3+ and Ce3+, respectively. The inhibition of algal growth was also correlated with the intracellular lanthanide concentrations, regardless of the ligand used. Finally, increasing the ambient calcium concentration protected the test algae by reducing the amount of lanthanide internalized into the cells. These results suggest that, at constant pH (5.5), REE accumulation and toxicity are linked to the free ion concentration and ambient calcium concentration, as predicted by the biotic ligand model. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:996–1005. © 2020 SETAC
Abstract
Lanthanum and cerium uptake and toxicity can be predicted by the concentration of its free ion concentration regardless of the ligand used. La = lanthanum; Ln = lanthanide; NTA = nitrilotriacetic acid.
Community detection across multiple social networks based on overlapping users
Authors: Zhu Ziqing , Zhou Tao , Jia Chenghao , Liu Weijia , Liu Bo , Cao Jiuxin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWith the rapid development of Internet technology, online social networks have got fast development and become increasingly popular. Meanwhile, the research works across multiple social networks attract growing attention, among which community detection is quite important for online security problems, such as the user behavior analysis and abnormal community discovery. In this paper, a community detection method is proposed across multiple social networks based on overlapping users. First, the concept of overlapping users is defined, then an algorithm CMN_NMF is designed to discover the stub communities from overlapping users based on the social relevance. After that, we expand each stub community in different social networks by adding the users with strong similarity, and in the end different communities are derived out across networks. At last, experiments are carried out to verify the reasonability of community. Our method shows better performance in real datasets compared with others.
Constructing and evaluating a cortical surface atlas and analyzing cortical sex differences in young Chinese adults
Authors: Yang Guoyuan , Bozek Jelena , Han Meizhen , Gao Jia‐Hong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCortical surface templates are an important standardized coordinate frame for cortical structure and function analysis in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies. The widely used adult cortical surface templates (e.g., fsaverage, Conte69, and the HCP‐MMP atlas) are based on the Caucasian population. Neuroanatomical differences related to environmental and genetic factors between Chinese and Caucasian populations make these templates unideal for analysis of the cortex in the Chinese population. We used a multimodal surface matching algorithm in an iterative procedure to create Chinese (sCN200) and Caucasian (sUS200) cortical surface atlases based on 200 demographically matched high‐quality T1‐ and T2‐weighted (T1w and T2w, respectively) MR images from the Chinese Human Connectome Project (CHCP) and the Human Connectome Project (HCP), respectively. Templates for anatomical cortical surfaces (white matter, pial, midthickness) and cortical feature maps of sulcal depth, curvature, thickness, T1w/T2w myelin, and cortical labels were generated. Using independent subsets from the CHCP and the HCP, we quantified the accuracy of cortical registration when using population‐matched and mismatched atlases. The performance of the cortical registration and accuracy of curvature alignment when using population‐matched atlases was significantly improved, thereby demonstrating the importance of using the sCN200 cortical surface atlas for Chinese adult population studies. Finally, we analyzed female and male cortical differences within the Chinese and Caucasian populations. We identified significant between‐sex differences in cortical curvature, sulcal depth, thickness, and T1w/T2w myelin maps in the frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, and insular lobes as well as the cingulate cortices.
Nickel and Palladium Complexes with Reactive σ‐Metal‐Oxygen Covalent Bonds
Authors: Martínez‐Prieto Luis M. , Cámpora Juan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article reviews the chemistry of nickel and palladium complexes with terminally bound hydroxide and alkoxide ligands. The research carried out in our group is discussed in the context of the general literature. It is shown that suitable methods of synthesis, combined with the choice of adequate ligands allow the isolation of a range of stable complexes. This has enabled a detailed investigation of the chemical reactivity of the M−O bonds, once believed to be intrinsically weak. The elucidation of trends in thermodynamic stability and kinetic lability is the key for a better understanding of the reactivity of this class of compounds, that combines basic and nucleophilic properties with typical organometallic patterns, like β‐hydrogen elimination. Based on reversible acid‐base exchange and CO2 insertion reactions, we discuss how the polarity of the M‐OR bonds influence their relative stability, their hydrolytic sensitivity and their tendency to react with electrophiles.
Value Engineering: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Emami Kamran , Emami Tara 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are targets for global development adopted in September 2015, set to be achieved by 2030.SDG 1 is clear: By 2030, eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere. The proportion of the world's population in extreme poverty declined from almost everyone two centuries ago to below 10% in 2015.Projections by Crespo Cuaresma et al. published in Nature in 2108 show that the number of people in extreme poverty will fall to about 450 million people by 2030. To fully eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere may be equivalent to saving approximately US$250 billion annually which is less than 0.3% of the world gross domestic product (GDP). Based on worldwide experience, value methodology can facilitate average saving of about 20–30% of total project costs in developing countries and consequently value engineering (VE) can facilitate the saving required for ICID Vision 2030. The ‘transition generation’ is the most important hope that humanity has for coping with mega challenges of the twenty‐first century. The ‘transition generation’ must be inspired and empowered. In this context, it is envisioned that value methodology will be proved to be an effective and efficient tool. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF DUYRIDGE DAM AS A WATER‐HARVESTING SCHEME IN IRAQ
Authors: Al‐Rubaye Shayma , Awad Wadaq , Ahmed Safa , Mahmoud Aisha 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIraq, home of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, has survived an extreme deficiency of surface water assets over the years. The gap is due to the decline of the Iraqi water share every year, as well as a high demand for water use from different sectors, particularly agriculture.Dam development has long given significant economic benefits to Iraq in circulating low‐priced electricity and supporting low‐income farmers by supplying them with a free irrigation system (Zakaria et al, 2012). This encouraged domestic consumption and investment.Despite the fact that numerous advantages are expected from dam construction, it should be painstakingly assessed, utilizing cost–benefit analysis before endorsement.This study aims to evaluate the capability of the Duyridge Dam in Maysan Governorate to harvest rainwater in Iraq and meet the local populations' needs as well as the geological, topographic, hydrological and economic requisites of water.The result indicates that the net present costs and net present benefits at a 10% discount rate are equal to US$18.8 million and US$20.2 million respectively, while the net present value is equal to US$179 000 and the benefit–cost ratio is equal to 1.08.Likewise, the results show that the internal rate of return is 11% and the payback of the project period is 5 years. The sensitivity analysis of the dam was estimated as well. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inside Cover: Localization of PD‐L1 on single cancer cells by iSERS microscopy with Au/Au core/satellite nanoparticles (J. Biophotonics 3/2020)
Authors: Stepula Elzbieta , König Matthias , Wang Xin‐Ping , Levermann Janina , Schimming Tobias , Kasimir‐Bauer Sabine , Schilling Bastian , Schlücker Sebastian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractiSERS (SERS=surface‐enhanced Raman scattering) microscopy is an emerging Raman‐based staining technique for the selective localization of target proteins on cells and tissues using antibody‐ SERS nanotag conjugates. In this contribution we demonstrate the feasibility of iSERS for imaging of programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1), an important predictive biomarker, on single SkBr‐3 breast cancer cells.Further details can be found in the article by Elzbieta Stepula, Matthias König, Xin‐Ping Wang, et al. (e201960034).
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A multifunctional fusion peptide for tethering to hydroxyapatite and selective capture of bone morphogenetic protein from extracellular milieu
Authors: Bahri Mina , Hasannia Sadegh , Dabirmanesh Bahareh , Moshaverinia Alireza , Zadeh Homayoun H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPurposeThe present study sought to design a multi‐functional fusion peptide with hydroxyapatite (HA) binding domain (HABD) and heparin binding domain (HBD).MethodsThe 74 amino acid fusion peptide contained N‐terminus of the fibrinogen β chain (β 15–66), double G4S‐linker and 12 residues with HA affinity. This construct was designed, synthesized and cloned into pET21a(+) vector and expressed in E. coli.ResultsHABD facilitated purification of the fusion peptide by HA affinity chromatography. Kinetic peptide binding and release on HA scaffold showed sustained release of peptide for up to 16 days. Competitive ELISA and intrinsic fluorescence assays were applied to determine HBD affinity to bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2). The disassociation rate constant (Kd) for HBD and rhBMP‐2 was approximately 9.2–12 nM.ConclusionThe fusion peptide developed in the present study, allowed for streamlined purification on HA affinity chromatography, as well as sustained release from HA scaffold, attributed to its HABD. HBD mediated binding to BMP‐2, which may be potentially useful for bone repair. Additional studies, including in vivo investigation will be required to assess the efficacy of the fusion peptide in bone tissue engineering.