bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and its history in Afghanistan
Authors: Samadi Assadullah , Ababneh M. M. K. , Amiri M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Crimean

-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a vector-borne viral disease that is transmitted to humans by tick bites and direct contact with an infected animal and human fluids

. The disease is endemic in Afghanistan and neighboring countries, and in recent years, there are hundreds of cases of CCHF with high mortality in humans that occurred in 33 out of 34 provinces of Afghanistan. It has been shown that the seroprevalence of the CCHF virus (CCHFV) in cattle and sheep in the country is also very high. In this article, the chronology of CCHF cases in humans and the factors related to its burden in Afghanistan have been reviewed.
Development of timing synchronization system for Hyper-Kamiokande
Authors: Izumiyama S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Hyper-Kamiokande (HK) is a next generation neutrino detector, planned to start operation in 2027. Its main physics goals include precise measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters and investigations of the Grand Unified Theories. HK is an underground water Cherenkov detector, with a 68 m diameter and 71 m height cylindrical tank –approximately 8 times larger fiducial volume than Super-Kamiokande. It will be equipped with about 53,000 photo-sensors. Its front-end electronics is required to be synchronized with sub-ns precision, in order to ensure accurate timing measurements of the Cherenkov photons. We have developed a prototype system to distribute the synchronization clock with auxiliary information via optical fibers. In this paper, the design of the system, the descriptions of the developed prototype and finally the performance of the system are presented.
Sustainable Solid Waste Management in Jambi: Challenges and Practices Against Culture
Authors: Ashshidiqi Hasbi , Najib Khairun , Ningsih Syukrya 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between culture and waste recycling, in order to provide a possible estimation of the impact of cultural participation upon households behavior within the meta-issue of sustainability. We look at the cognitive and social determinants of pro-environmental behavior. Percentage of wastewater management methods by Regency / City in Jambi Province is known that waste management is still dominated by burning 60.5%, transported by officers as much as 18.4%, dumped into trenches / rivers / sea as much as 11.2%, buried in soil 6%, discarded 3.7% and composted only 0.3%. We used data on household behaviors to highlight the determinants of waste recycling by moving from a cultural - ecological standpoint. The analysis highlights a strong positive relation between the propensity to take part in some cultural activities and the propensity to abide by waste recycling guidelines and prescriptions. Our empirical results indicate that policies aiming at influencing sustainable development by fostering pro-environmental behavior may be more effective when considering the cultural participation dimension as a complementary factor. Therefore, the hierarchy of solid waste management has given the highest priority to reducing resources through 3R, intermediate treatment (waste bank) and final disposal.
Blended Learning on Physics Using Augmented Reality
Authors: Aisyah  , Bukit N. , Derlina  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
this study aimed to determine the increase in student activity through a blended learning approach in physics using augmented reality. This type of research is a classroom action research with a population of all students in Deli Serdang Regency. The research instrument used was a student observation questionnaire and Student Activity Sheet. The results of data analysis explained that the blended learning approach in physics using augmented reality can improve student learning activities.
Synthesis of Calcium Phosphate Compound from Paddy Field Snail Shells (Pila Ampullacea) as Calcium Precursor
Authors: Dahlan Kiagus , Asra Dina Yauma , Winata Bayu Chandra 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a biomaterial that is widely used for bone implantation because it is bioactive and biocompatible. To improve the bioactive and biocompatible properties of hydroxyapatite, natural ingredients are used as a calcium source. In this study, the material used for calcium source is from paddy field snail shells. Snail shells produced from the process of boiling, cleaning, and drying calcined at a temperature of 800° C for 3 hours to obtain the powders. Calcium phase and calcium content of the powder was identified using x-ray diffractometer (XRD) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The results of the analysis showed that the calcium phase of the snail shell is Ca(OH)2 with calcium content of 52.12%. Synthesis of HA was carried out by precipitation method at 75° C by dripping H3PO4 into calcium solution and continued with two treatments, with and without sintering process. The powders were then characterized by XRD and FTIR. The results of the analysis showed that HA formed in samples that using sintering process and carbonate apatite appears in samples without sintering process.
Calculation of The Radiation Shielding Parameters in Long Ranges of Photon Energy: Bismuth Sodium Borate Glass
Authors: Cheewasukhanont W , Limkitjaroenporn P. , Kaewkhao J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The theoretical calculations on radiation shielding parameters of glass systems in the composition(80-x) B2O3: 20Na2O: xBi2O3 (where x = 0,5,10,15 and 55 mol%) were inquired into using the WinXCom program. The characteristics of radiation shielding parameters for the glass systems had been examined for the mass attenuation coefficients, the effective atomic number, and the electron density in the energy ranges of 1 keV to 100 GeV. These are the glass systems at the different compositions of bismuth which were found that depend upon the energy regions. The results demonstrate that the mass attenuation coefficients, the effective atomic number, and the electron density have the same trend which those values increase with the increasing of the different compositions of bismuth. At the low-energy region, the mass attenuation coefficients show the several discontinuous jumps of the energies which correspond to the photoelectric absorption edges. At the medium-energy region, the Compton scattering process is the main interaction in these energy ranges. In the high-energy regions, pair production becomes the main interaction process and tends to be constant over energy.
Polyeugenol-modified graphite electrode for determination of hydroquinone in cosmetic
Authors: Marwati S , Siwanta D , Trisunaryanti W , Louise I S Y 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Graphite electrode was modified by electropolymerization of eugenol in alkaline medium by cyclic voltammetry. The polyeugenol-graphite modified electrode (GEEU) was than used for the determination of hydroquinone (HQ) at phosphatbuffer solution (PBS) of pH 7.0 by cyclic voltammetry technique. The performance of this modified has shown excellent electrocatalytic activity toward HQ than an unmodified electrode (GE). The oxidation and reduction peak separation (ΔE) has been decreased from 0.309 V to 0.228 V. In addition, the effect of scanratesindicate that redox electrochemical behaviour of HQ is diffusion controlled electrochemical process on GEEU. Under experimental, the oxidation peak current(I

p
) increases linearly with concentration (C) of HQ ranged from 1.42 –101.07μMat the linear regression equatian of I

p
= 3.86C + 355.20 (νA, R2 = 0.9989). On the other hand, the oxidation peak current also increases linearly at ranged from 136.67 – 480.50 μM at the linear regression equation of I

p
= 1.69C + 559.72 (μA, R2 = 0.9956). The LOD and LOQ were measured at a lower concentration of HQ,1.44μM and 4.37μM, respectively. Moreover, the proposed modified has been successfully applied to the determination of HQ in the cosmetic sample with satisfactory recoveries.
Comparison of Attractants and Height Traps to Coffee Berry Borer (Hypothenemus hampei Ferr., Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in Soban Village, Dairi Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Sinaga M , Lisnawita  , Tobing M C 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study aims to compare the effectiveness of two attractants and three different heights trap to trap coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei Ferr. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). This research was conducted at a coffee plantation in Soban Village, Dairi Regency, North Sumatra, using a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors. The first factor was the type of attractants (control, coffee bean, and coffee bean pod (exocarp)), and the second factor was the height of the traps (1, 1.5, and 2 meters). The results showed that the attractant from coffee beans with a trap height of 1.5 meters gave the best results with the number of adult coffee bean borer trap catches was 1,377.00 adults, and significantly reduced the percentage of attack by 26.95% compared to other treatments.
The Ability of Pineapple Callus Regeneration (Ananas comosusL.) from Sipahutar North Sumatra Indonesia with in Vitro Culture
Authors: Harahap Fauziyah , Harahap Nikmatul K , Djulia Ely , Purnama Dirga , Sipahutar Herbert , Rosmayati  , Rahayu Suci , Zega Periseuein F , Munifah Hasibuan Rifa Fadhilah 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Pineapple (Ananascomosus L.) from Sipahutar is an herbaceous plant from Sipahutar District. Pineapple is canning industry sourced from Sipahutar pineapple has the opportunity to be developed in North Sumatra. Propagation through in vitro culture is an alternative method to solve this problem. The purpose of this research was to determine the regeneration ability of pineapple callus derived from callus induction with the addition of 2,4-D 1 ppm and BAP 1 ppm. The callus were regenerated using the addition of Kinetin (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5 ppm). Each treatment was carried out 4 times. The results showed: 1) the fastest time of emergence of shoots (5 days) came from 0.5 ppm, 2) formed the most shoots (8 shoots) resulting from the addition 0 ppm and 0.5 ppm, 3) the most number of leaves (7.75 leaves) resulted from light treatment with the addition kinetin 0.5 ppm and 1 ppm, 4) the longest leaf length (4.44 cm) from dark treatment with kinetin 0.5 ppm, 5) the highest plant height (5.32 cm) from dark treatment with 0.5 ppm kinetin. This shows that the concentration of 0.5 ppm kinetin with the dark treatment is the best concentration to stimulate the formation of pineapple shoots.
The Design of Video Technology Based on Scientific experimental for Geometrical Optics Subject as ICT Implementation
Authors: Ramadani Fitri , Sahyar  , Rajagukguk Juniastel 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This research aims to produce media learning in the form of experimental video on the geometrical optics thet meets good qualifications which include aspects of validity, practicality and improving learning outcomes. This research is a type of research and development Research and Development (R&D) with the Borg ang Gall model. Development and videos on research on reflection and refraction using applications, which will later produce an experimental video on physics learning in schools to improve student learning outcomes.
In Vitro Propagation of Pineapple (Ananas comosusL.) Shoots from Sipahutar North Sumatera Indonesia
Authors: Fernando Yuliana , Harahap Fauziyah , Diningrat Diky S. , Rosmayati  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Pineapple is a plant that needs to be developed on a plantation scale because the fruit is of economic value. The purpose of this study was to determine the best media combination on the growth of in vitro pineapple. This study used CRD with 12 treatments with 3 replications. Observation parameters consisted of the number of shoots, leaves and roots. Data analysis techniques used ANOVA followed by DMRT test. The results showed that administration of BA and vitamins could influence the propagation of in vitro pineapple shoots. The highest number of shoots was 8.00 shoots and 19.00 leaves produced MS + Vit 2 ppm + BA 2 ppm media. The highest number of roots 3.67 produced MS + Vit 0 ppm + BA 0 ppm media.
Ability of Problem Solving Students Based on Information and Communication Technology
Authors: Hutapea Tri Andri , Josip Mario Sinambela Pardomuan Nauli , Adlin Dilinar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study aims to produce product findings from the activity development program for students’ problem solving abilities based on information and communication technology. The method used in this research is research and development methods. The stages of program development are survey, planning, validation, and socialization. The research subjects were students of Medan State University. The activity development program for students’ problem solving abilities based on information and communication technology has not yet considered the planning, implementation and evaluation of activities. The final product of this research is a valid program about the ability to solve problems based on information and communication technology.
Performance Assessment of Photovoltaic Generator(PVG) Power System Using Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) DC to DC Boost Converter and DC to AC Inverter
Authors: Situmorang Marhaposan , Peranginangin Bisman 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Output power of Photovoltaic Generator (PVG) in a power system was tracked using duty cycle perturbation pulse applied into Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) DC to DC boost converter. Perturbation pulse was controlled by Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm which is written in Arduino Uno microcontroller. Power system consist of PVG connected directly with MPPT DC to DC boost converter and then with DC to AC inverter and selected load is 20 W bulb. PVG efficiency was determined by the ratio between the PVG output electric power and the amount sunshine irradiation power received on the surface of PVG. MPPT efficiency was calculated base on output power of PVG work as an input power of MPPT and both input and output power of MPPT was measured using voltage sensor and ACS 712 current sensor. Voltage and current measurements was carried out in online system using Parallax Data Acquisition (PLX-DAQ) software and then voltage, current and power was tabulated in excell table. The graph of voltage, current and power was plotted as a function of time and shows the occurrence of power tracking of MPPT to extract maximum power from PVG after duty cycle of perturbation was applied. The performance of power system was determined by multiplying efficiency of PVG, MPPT and Inverter which gives the performance value around 93 percent of PVG efficiency.
Activity Test of CLA Syntheszed from Castor Oil by in Vivo White Mice (Rattus norveginus)
Authors: Sitorus Marham , Situmorang Manihar , Juwitaningsih Tita , Nia Hia Minat Karya , Hutabarat Rini F 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMalondialdehyde (MDA) is a metabolite resulting from lipid peroxidation by free radicals that can be formed when hydroxyl free radicals such as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) react with fatty acid components of the cell membrane so that a chain reaction is known as fat peroxidation. The fat peroxidation will break the chain of fatty acids into various toxic compounds and cause damage to the cell membrane. Thus MDA is an parameter of the presence of free radicals in the body. In this research, the Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) antioxidant test was synthesized from castor oil in vivo against white mice (Rattus norveginus). White mice exposed to free radicals through cigarette smoke for 2 hours per day for 14 days. Mice were given an antioxidant intake of CLA with a concentration of 200, 400, 600,800,1000 mg / body weight every day with three repetitions. The same thing is done with intake of Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) and α-tocopherol (Vitamin E) as a comparison. As a control also made negative control without treatment and positive control by exposure to cigarette smoke without intake of antioxidants. The CLA can inhibit free radicals by reduction MDA in blood an inhibitory equivalent to Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) and α- tocopherol (Vitamin E).
Plant-based diets add to the wastewater phosphorus burden
Authors: Forber K J , Rothwell S A , Metson G S , Jarvie H P , Withers P J A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Global food production and current reliance on meat-based diets requires a large share of natural resource use and causes widespread environmental pollution including phosphorus (P). Transitions to less animal-intensive diets address a suite of sustainability goals, but their impact on society’s wastewater P burden is unclear. Using the UK as our example, we explored historical diet changes between 1942 and 2016, and how shifting towards plant-based diets might impact the P burden entering wastewater treatment works (WWTW), and subsequent effluent P discharge to receiving water bodies. Average daily per capita P intake declined from its peak in 1963 (1599 mg P pp−1 d−1) to 1354 mg P pp−1 d−1 in 2016. Since 1942, the contribution of processed foods to total P consumption has increased from 21% to 52% in 2016, but consumption of total animal products has not changed significantly. Scenario analysis indicated that if individuals adopted a vegan diet or a low-meat (‘EAT- Lancet’) diet by 2050, the P burden entering WWTW increased by 17% and 35%, respectively relative to baseline conditions in 2050. A much lower P burden increase (6%) was obtained with a flexitarian diet. An increasing burden of P to WWTW threatens greater non-compliance with regulatory targets for P discharge to water, but also presents an opportunity to the wastewater industry to recycle P in the food chain, and reduce reliance on finite phosphate rock resources. Sustainable diets that reduce food system P demand pre-consumption could also provide a source of renewable fertilizers through enhanced P recovery post-consumption and should be further explored.
Effect of expandable Graphite/Hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene beads on the flame retardancy of silicone rubber foam
Authors: Pang Qingtao , Deng Jun , Kang Furu , Shao Shuiyuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Silicone rubber foam (SiF) with EG/HPCTP was prepared by high-temperature vulcanization. The flame retardancy of SiF was evaluated using the LOI (limiting oxygen index), UL-94, cone calorimetry test (CCT), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and mechanical properties. The results showed that EG/HPCTP could improve the LOI of SiF, and the SiF could pass the UL-94 V-0 rating. Compared with pristine SiF, EG/HPCTP could reduce the total heat release rate (THR), heat release rate (PHRR). Digital images of the char residues showed that the HPCTP was beneficial to promote the strength of SiF with EG. TGA showed that the branched decomposition temperature and main chain pyrolysis temperature of SiF were delayed. Mechanical properties analysis showed that EG and HPCTP could improve the mechanical properties of SiF. These indicated that the addition of EG/HPCTP was a good approach to prepare high effective flame-retarding SiF.
Morphological and Genetic Relation in Hybrids of Triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) of the Phyllosoma Complex from Mexico
Authors: Davila-Barboza Jesus A , Saucedo-Montalvo Mario C , Favela-Lara Susana , Ponce-Garcia Gustavo- , Fernandez-Salas Ildefonso , Quiroz-Martinez Humberto , Flores Adriana E 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTriatoma longipennis Usinger 1939, Triatoma pallidipennis (Stal, 1872), and Triatoma picturata Usinger 1939 are considered among the species with the highest transmission capacity of Chagas disease in Mexico, with an impact on health mainly in rural zones and places with worn-out dwellings. There have been previous studies on the phylogenetic relationship of these species of the Phyllosoma complex using molecular approaches, in addition to analyzing morphological characters. However, one of the problems in the field is the presence of hybrids that due to the short genetic distance between species, and such organisms have not yet been identified and could be confused with parental organisms. In this work, we analyzed genotypical and phenotypic characters, between the species and the three possible hybrids resulting from the cross between the species. In the analysis of wings morphology, we found that the dominant phenotype in hybrids was that of T. pallidipennis, having a higher dominance than T. longipennis. Besides, the use of the COI marker amplified in DNA of parentals and the three possible hybrids showed by neighbor-joining phylograms a greater association of the hybrids with T. longipennis, in agreement with the analysis of genetic distances and polymorphic sites. Thus, the morphological data demonstrate the high dominance of T. pallidipennis and the molecular data of T. longipennis in its hybrids, in such a way that it is possible to differentiate hybrids from parental species.
Microfat and Nanofat Grafting in Genital Rejuvenation
Authors: Menkes Sophie , SidAhmed-Mezi Mounia , Meningaud Jean Paul , Benadiba Laurent , Magalon Guy , Hersant Barbara 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a major problem in many post- or perimenopausal women. Lipofilling has long been considered to be an effective technique for restoring volume, but the discovery of its trophic proprieties has made it the most widely utilized method in regenerative medicine.

Objectives
The authors aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of microfat and nanofat grafting for vulvovaginal rejuvenation.

Methods
Women with GSM who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Women received microfat in the labia majora and nanofat in the vagina; follow-up was conducted 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. The vaginal health index (VHI) and Female Sexual Distress (FSD) were utilized to assess improvement in vulvovaginal atrophy, orgasm, and sexual desire posttreatment.

Results
Fifty women were included; their average age was 53 years (range, 45-63 years). The VHI score significantly increased at 1 and 3 months after treatment (P &lt; 0.0001). Moreover, the average FSD score showed a significant improvement at 1 and 3 months posttreatment. This score stabilized from 6 to 12 months but showed further improvement at 18 months. At 6 months posttreatment, for both scales, data pertaining to 80% of patients appeared normalized. There was a particular benefit noted for dryness and dyspareunia. At 18 months, the results remained stable for all of patients. No major side effects were observed.

Conclusions
There are now many ways to rejuvenate the intimate sphere, but microfat and nanofat grafting seem to offer good results with an autologous procedure. Their utilization appears promising for genital rejuvenation.

Level of Evidence: 4