bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of a physician’s recommendation and gender on informed decision making: A randomized controlled study in a simulated decision situation
Authors: Meinhardt Anna Lea , Eggeling Marie , Cress Ulrike , Kimmerle Joachim , Bientzle Martina 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the influence of physicians’ recommendations and gender on the decision‐making process in a preference‐sensitive situation.MethodsN = 201 participants were put in a hypothetical scenario in which they suffered from a rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). They received general information on two equally successful treatment options for this injury (surgery vs physiotherapy) and answered questions regarding their treatment preference, certainty and satisfaction regarding their decision and attitude towards the treatment options. Then, participants watched a video that differed regarding physician's recommendation (surgery vs physiotherapy) and physician's gender (female vs male voice and picture). Afterwards, they indicated again their treatment preference, certainty, satisfaction and attitude, as well as the physician's professional and social competence.ResultsParticipants changed their treatment preferences in the direction of the physician's recommendation (P < .001). Decision certainty (P < .001) and satisfaction (P < .001) increased more strongly if the physician's recommendation was congruent with the participant's prior attitude than if the recommendation was contrary to the participant's prior attitude. Finally, participants’ attitudes towards the recommended treatment became more positive (surgery recommendation: P < .001; physiotherapy recommendation: P < .001). We found no influence of the physician's gender on participants’ decisions, attitudes, or competence assessments.ConclusionThis research indicates that physicians should be careful with recommendations when aiming for shared decisions, as they might influence patients even if the patients have been made aware that they should take their personal preferences into account. This could be particularly problematic if the recommendation is not in line with the patient's preferences.
Factors influencing the opportunities of supporting staff to promote a healthy diet in adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Røstad‐Tollefsen Helen K. , Kolset Svein O. , Retterstøl Kjetil , Hesselberg Heidi , Nordstrøm Marianne 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundAdults with intellectual disabilities living in residential houses have a high prevalence of obesity which is related to poor dietary habits.AimThe aim of this study was to assess supporting staff`s thoughts and experiences on factors influencing their opportunities to promote a healthy diet in adults with intellectual disabilities.Methods13 supporting staff members were recruited from 11 different residential houses in a community. Concept Mapping methodology was used, including group interviews, sorting, rating statement and analysing the results.ResultsSeven clusters most accurately captured the ideas of the supporting staff`. ‘Attitudes’, ‘Facilitating a healthy diet’, ‘Practical cooking skills’ and ‘Applied dietary knowledge’ were the four most important.ConclusionsMultiple factors influence the opportunities of supporting staff to promote a healthy diet. A holistic approach addressing all relevant factors is necessary when developing interventions to address this complex issue in persons with intellectual disabilities.
Dermatoscopy of combined blue nevi: a multicentre study of the International Dermoscopy Society
Authors: Stojkovic‐Filipovic J. , Tiodorovic D. , Lallas A. , Akay B.N. , Longo C. , Rosendahl C. , Dobrosavljevic D. , Nazzaro G. , Argenziano G. , Zalaudek I. , Tromme I. , Tschandl P. , Puig S. , Lanssens S. , Kittler H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundCombined blue nevi (CBN) may mimic melanoma and are relatively often biopsied for diagnostic reasons.ObjectiveTo better characterize CBN and to compare it with melanoma.MethodsWe collected clinical and dermatoscopic images of 111 histologically confirmed CBN and contrasted their dermatoscopic characteristics with 132 partly blue coloured melanomas. Furthermore, we compared the accuracy of human experts using pattern analysis with a computer algorithm based on deep learning.ResultsCombined blue nevi are usually flat or slightly elevated and, in comparison with melanoma, more frequent on the head and neck. Dermatoscopically, they are typified by a blue structureless part in combination with either brown clods (n = 52, 46.8%), lines (n = 28, 25.2%) or skin‐coloured or brown structureless areas (n = 31, 27.9%). In contrast with melanoma, the blue part of CBN is more often well defined (18.9% vs. 4.5%, P < 0.001) and more often located in the centre (22.5% vs. 5.3%, P < 0.001). Melanomas are more often chaotic (OR: 28.7, 95% CI: 14.8–55.7, P < 0.001), have at least one melanoma clue (OR: 10.8, 95% CI: 5.2–22.2 P < 0.001) in particular white lines (OR: 37.1, 95% CI: 13.4–102.9, P < 0.001). Using simplified pattern analysis (chaos and clues), two raters reached sensitivities of 93.9% (95% CI: 88.4–97.3%) and 92.4% (95% CI: 86.5–96.3%) at corresponding specificities of 59.5% (95% CI: 49.7–68.7%) and 65.8% (95% CI: 56.2–74.5%). The human accuracy with pattern analysis was on par with a state‐of‐the‐art computer algorithm based on deep learning that achieved an area under the curve of (0.92, 95% CI: 0.87–0.96) and a specificity of 85.3% (95% CI: 76.5–91.7%) at a given sensitivity of 83.6% (95% CI: 72.5–91.5%).ConclusionCBN usually lack melanoma clues, in particular white lines. The accuracy of pattern analysis for combined nevi is acceptable, and histopathologic confirmation may not be necessary in exemplary cases.
Exploring readiness for implementing best practices: A mixed methods study
Authors: Garcia Daisy S. , Camacho Carr Katherine , Yuwen Weichao 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRationaleEvidence‐based practice (EBP) can improve health care in underprivileged countries. Bolivia's EBP movement is nascent and the factors contributing to better implementation in nursing are unknown.AimTo explore Bolivian nurses' readiness to engage in EBP while highlighting the facilitators and barriers for pursuing EBP.MethodThe study used a sequential explanatory mixed methods study. First, general trends were disclosed via a survey of 170 nurses in La Paz, Bolivia, holding at least a baccalaureate regarding their perceived beliefs about EBP. The survey identified facilitators and barriers for implementing EBP in acute and ambulatory settings. Second, qualitative data was gathered via a focus group of nine nurses with the purpose of enhancing the survey results.ResultsThe survey results showed that nurses believe that engaging in EBP can improve their clinical practice. However, the nurses' research behaviors were found to be infrequent. Lack of support from the nurses' clinics and hospitals and from non‐nursing professionals were identified as barriers for engaging in EBP. The qualitative results revealed underlying limitations to nurses' clinical practice, including “feeling undervalued”.ConclusionsThere is a dearth of EBP knowledge among Bolivian nurses stemming from a lack of preparation in EBP environments, including EBP training opportunities. This situation affects nurses' professional dimensions of relational work, power, and collaboration. Collaborative research among educators, professional nursing societies, and local and international organizations could provide initiatives for implementing EBP, based on local health profiles.
Description of Imasa heleensis, gen. nov., sp. nov. (Imasidae, fam. nov.), a Deep‐Branching Marine Malawimonad and Possible Key Taxon in Understanding Early Eukaryotic Evolution
Authors: Heiss Aaron A. , Warring Sally D. , Lukacs Kaleigh , Favate John , Yang Ashley , Gyaltshen Yangtsho , Filardi Christopher , Simpson Alastair G.B. , Kim Eunsoo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMalawimonadida is a deep‐level (arguably “kingdom‐scale”) lineage of eukaryotes whose phylogenetic affinities are uncertain but of great evolutionary interest, as the group is suspected to branch close to the root of the tree of eukaryotes. Part of the difficulty in placing Malawimonadida phylogenetically is its tiny circumscription: at present, it comprises only two described and one cultured but undescribed species, all of them are freshwater suspension‐feeding nanoflagellates. In this study, we cultivated and characterised Imasa heleensis gen. nov., sp. nov. (Imasidae fam. nov.), the first marine malawimonad to be described. Light and electron microscopy observations show that Imasa is largely similar to other malawimonads, but more frequently adheres to the substrate, often by means of a pliable posterior extension. Phylogenetic analyses based on two ribosomal RNA genes and four translated protein‐coding genes using three different taxon sets place Imasa as sister to the three freshwater malawimonad strains with strong support. Imasa’s mitochondrial genome is circular‐mapping and shows a similar gene complement to other known malawimonads. We conclude that Imasa represents an important expansion of the range of taxa available for future evolutionary study.
Diagnosis and management of rudimentary horn pregnancy rupture, misinterpreted as bicornuate uterus in the 14th week of pregnancy
Authors: Kozar Nejc , Serdinšek Tamara , Tašner Tanja , Reljič Milan , Gavrić Lovrec Vida , Kovač Vilma 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe present a 26‐year‐old primigravida with rudimentary horn pregnancy rupture at 14 weeks of pregnancy. Uterine anomaly was first diagnosed at the time of nuchal translucency scan and was presumed to be a bicornuate uterus with normal intrauterine pregnancy in the right horn. One day later, she was admitted to our department with abdominal pain, shortly leading to massive hemoperitoneum and hypovolemic shock. Uterine rupture was confirmed ultrasonically, followed by immediate laparotomy. Ruptured rudimentary horn with already expulsed pregnancy was encountered during surgery. Despite significant advances in ultrasonography, diagnosis of prerupture stage remains controversial. However, high mortality of the condition should ensure low threshold for surgical exploration.
Development of An All‐Payer Quality Program for the Pennsylvania Rural Health Model
Authors: Herzog Mark B. , Fried Jonathan E. , Liebers David T. , MacKinney A. Clinton 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeMeasuring rural health care quality is challenging, and payer and government reporting requirements are frequently misaligned. The Pennsylvania Rural Health Model, a multipayer global budget demonstration for rural hospitals, initially required the proposal of an All‐Payer Quality (APQ) Program in which participating payers would have held participating hospitals accountable for performance on a common set of quality measures. We sought to identify quality measures appropriate for use in APQ measurement and reporting programs for globally budgeted rural hospitals.MethodsA method was devised to identify, assess, and select quality measures from an environmental scan of core measure sets. An initial screen identified measures that were relevant, valid, and reliable. Four reviewers then independently assessed measures that passed the initial screen on a Likert scale of 1‐5 for relevance, validity, reliability, responsiveness, alignment, and feasibility, and they selected a proposed measure set guided by prespecified measure set criteria.ResultsThe 4 reviewers selected 10 quality measures from a list of 344 measures drawn from 8 core measure sets. One hundred twenty‐five measures satisfied screening criteria and were assessed. The mean total score was 21.5/30 (95% CI: 17.0‐26.0). Inter‐rater reliability was moderate (intraclass correlation coefficient range 0.544‐0.656).ConclusionA formal performance measure selection methodology can generate a set of rural‐appropriate health care quality measures for a multipayer rural hospital global budget program. This methodology could be replicated to select quality measures for inclusion in rural multipayer quality measurement and reporting programs.
The utility of Amies charcoal bacteriology swabs for storage of canine urine prior to culture
Authors: Olivares G. , Hermes D. , Manzanilla E. , Hughes K. , Clarke L. , Warland J. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo determine the usefulness of bacteriology swabs as a storage method of canine urine samples and the effect on quantitative bacterial culture.Materials and MethodsTwo hundred fourteen canine urine samples were collected by cystocentesis. The reference aliquot was placed in a sterile tube and processed for quantitative bacterial culture within 6 hours. A bacteriology swab was then immersed in the urine for 5 seconds and returned to the charcoal Amies media container. The urine samples in the sterile tube and bacteriology swab were stored at room temperature for 48 hours and processed for quantitative bacterial culture.ResultsThirty‐seven of the samples were positive on reference culture with a total of 42 bacterial isolates. Samples stored in sterile tube and bacteriology swab had identical sensitivity and specificity for detection of bacteriuria (94.7% and 100%, respectively) with very good agreement (κ = 0.92; 95% CI 0.81 to 1.00). Agreement between the bacterial species of the reference sample and the bacteriology swab was higher (κ = 0.85; 95% CI 0.71 to 0.99) than compared to the sterile tube (κ = 0.78; 95% CI 0.62 to 0.94), but the overlapping confidence intervals mean improved agreement cannot be inferred.Clinical SignificanceBacteriology swabs stored in Amies charcoal transport media should be considered an alternative method to preserve canine urine sample when immediate processing for quantitative bacterial culture is not possible. The sensitivity of culturing plain urine, stored for 48 hours in a sterile tube, for detection of bacteriuria, was higher than previously reported.
The influence of processing parameters of parboiled rice on its physiochemical and texture properties
Authors: Onmankhong Jiraporn , Jongyingcharoen Jiraporn Sripinyowanich , Sirisomboon Panmanas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe impact of different parboiled rice process conditions on physical (whiteness and yellowness), chemical (amylose and fat contents), and texture (hardness and toughness) properties was studied. The parboiled rice was produced from the Suphanburi 1 variety. The correlation between chemical and texture properties was also analyzed. To study the effect of the soaking process, the time (2, 3, and 6 hr) and temperature (65 and 75°C) of soaking were altered, while the steaming condition was fixed at 100°C for 20 min. To study the effect of the steaming process, the soaking condition was fixed at 65°C for 6 hr while steaming condition was altered, including time (10 and 20 min) and temperature (90 and 100°C). The results show that the different conditions influenced the physical and chemical properties of parboiled rice. The amylose content was negatively correlated (Hardness, r = −0.52) (Toughness, r = −0.38) and fat content was positive low correlated (Hardness, r = 0.20) (Toughness, r = 0.12) with textural properties. Due to the specification of parboiled rice for exportation varying according to customer requirements, the results of this research provided some useful information for parboiled rice factories.
Plasma symmetric dimethylarginine and creatinine concentrations and glomerular filtration rate in cats with normal and decreased renal function
Authors: Brans Marleen , Daminet Sylvie , Mortier Femke , Duchateau Luc , Lefebvre Hervé P. , Paepe Dominique 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundGlomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the gold standard in assessing renal function but is impractical. Serum creatinine (sCr) has limited sensitivity in identifying early chronic kidney disease (CKD), whereas symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) has been commercialized as more accurate biomarker. Studies comparing SDMA and sCr with GFR in cats are limited.ObjectivesTo further investigate the diagnostic performance of SDMA in nonazotemic and azotemic cats.AnimalsForty‐nine client‐owned cats: 17 cats with CKD, 15 cats with diabetes mellitus (DM), and 17 healthy cats.MethodsRetrospective study using spare blood samples from cats with documented sCr and GFR results for SDMA analysis. Diagnostic performances of SDMA and sCr were evaluated using correlation coefficients, sensitivities, specificities, and receiver operator characteristic curves.ResultsCompared to healthy cats and cats with DM, CKD cats had significantly higher SDMAplasma(26.7 ± 9.9 μg/dL) and sCr (249.7 ± 71.6 μmol/L [2.8 ± 0.8 mg/dL]; bothP < .001) values. SDMAplasma(τB= −0.57;P < .001) and sCr (τB= −0.56;P < .001) were significantly correlated with GFR. SDMAplasma(τB= 0.52;P < .001) had a significant relationship with sCr. SDMAplasmaand sCr had similar sensitivity (76%‐94% and 71%‐88%, respectively) in detecting reduced renal function. Creatinine had higher specificity (94%‐96%) than SDMAplasma(75%‐76%) (P < .05).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceIn this study of azotemic and nonazotemic cats, SDMA was a reliable marker to identify decreased GFR. However, superiority of SDMA over sCr could not be confirmed.
The Culling: Pandemic, Gerocide, Generational Affect
Authors: Cohen Lawrence 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOld age has been central to public health rationalities and contestations of the 2019–2020 coronavirus pandemic. This article thinks through what age is and does in pandemic times by juxtaposing four domains of ethical publicity in which age comes to matter: (1) mass fatality of old persons under conditions of variable unpreparedness; (2) circulation of social‐Darwinist argument for herd immunity through culling of the weak; (3) everyday challenges of late life care as these are amplified under quarantine; and (4) long‐term conditions of economic and political impasse and environmental collapse, experienced as failure of older generations and abandonment of younger ones, a situation here termed generational affect. It asks to what extent the figure of the cullable old renders racialized disparities natural and makes sense through a generational affect in which the world feels as if the survival of the young is in question.
Examining the Relations Between Spatial Skills, Spatial Anxiety, and K‐12 Teacher Practice
Authors: Atit Kinnari , Rocha Kelsey 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTSpatial skills are important for student success in STEM disciplines at the K‐12 educational level. Teachers' spatial skills and feelings about completing spatial tasks influence their teaching as well as their students' spatial learning. However, the relation between teachers' spatial skills and their spatial anxiety is not well understood. Here we investigated if teachers' spatial skills influence two kinds of small‐scale spatial anxiety: (a) anxiety for tasks involving visual imagery and (b) anxiety for tasks involving mental manipulations. In addition, we investigated if teachers' spatial skills in conjunction with their small‐scale spatial anxiety influence the integration of spatial practices, such as gestures and diagrams, into their teaching. Eighty‐two K‐12 teachers completed two subscales of small‐scale spatial anxiety, a measure of spatial skills, and a teaching activities questionnaire. Results indicate that teachers' spatial skills are negatively associated with their spatial anxiety for mental manipulation tasks, and positively associated with their use of spatial practices. These findings highlight the need to account for teachers' spatial skills when considering how to improve students' spatial learning.
Patterns of mortality in endangered Cook Inlet beluga whales: Insights from pairing a long‐term photo‐identification study with stranding records
Authors: McGuire Tamara L. , Shelden Kim E. W. , Himes Boor Gina K. , Stephens Amber D. , McClung John R. , Garner Christopher , Goertz Caroline E. C. , Burek‐Huntington Kathleen A. , O'Corry‐Crowe Greg , Wright Bruce 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMortality is a demographic metric crucial for understanding the dynamics of endangered populations such as Cook Inlet beluga whales (CIBWs, Delphinapterus leucas), but patterns of mortality are currently not well understood for CIBWs, making decisions about recovery actions challenging. We combined long‐term photo‐ID data from approximately 420 individual belugas identified during the period 2005–2017 with stranding data from 95 dead belugas to identify patterns of mortality with respect to age, sex, geographic range, cause of death, and to estimate minimum mortality rates. Reported mortality was greatest for adults of reproductive age, followed by calves, with fewer subadults and no adults older than 49 years in the stranding data set despite lifespans of 70+ years reported in other beluga populations. Dead females and males were evenly represented. Live stranding was the predominant assigned cause of death but represented only ~33% of deaths of known cause. Causal factors for the majority of deaths and live strandings are unknown. Annual mortality estimated from reported carcasses relative to total population size averaged 2.2%. Our analysis advances our current understanding of mortality patterns in CIBWs but linking a greater proportion of carcasses to photo‐ID individuals would further improve our understanding; we conclude with recommendations for achieving this.
Maximum insertion torque loss after miniscrew placement in orthodontic patients: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Migliorati Marco , Drago Sara , Amorfini Leonardo , Nucera Riccardo , Silvestrini‐Biavati Armando 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo compare torque recordings of immediately loaded orthodontic miniscrews between insertion time and different post‐placement timepoints (2 weeks, 4 weeks and removal time, respectively).Setting and sample populationParallel trial with an allocation ratio of 1:1. Eligibility criteria were needs of fixed orthodontic treatment, no systemic disease and absence of using drugs altering bone metabolism.Material and methodsPatients received miniscrews, 2.0 mm diameter and 10 mm length. All miniscrews underwent inter‐radicular placement, and they were placed in the maxilla or in the mandible, palatally or buccally. No pre‐drilling was performed. Miniscrews were loaded immediately after the insertion and were used for distalization, intrusion, extrusion, mesialization or indirect anchorage. Patients were randomly divided into three groups. For each patient, Maximum Insertion Torque (MIT) was evaluated at baseline. MIT was measured again after 2 weeks and after 4 weeks by tightening the screw a quarter of turn in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. At the end of the treatment, maximal removal torque was evaluated in Group 3. Torque variation with respect to insertion time was considered as the primary outcome. Baseline and longitudinal differences were tested using the linear mixed‐effects (LME) model.ResultsForty seven patients and 74 miniscrews were followed up. An association existed between maximum insertion torque and the observation time. A torque decrease of 26.9% and 30% after 2 weeks was observed for mandibular and maxillary miniscrews, respectively. After 1 month, torque values were similar to the baseline records. The overall success rate was 79.7%. No serious harm was observed.ConclusionsMaximum insertion torque undergoes a loss during the first 2 weeks, and its values may depend on the insertion site and the anchorage purpose. Removal torque value is almost the same as the initial torque after 1 month.