bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High prevalence of end-stage renal disease of unknown origin in Aguascalientes Mexico: role of the registry of chronic kidney disease and renal biopsy in its approach and future directions
Authors: Gutierrez-Peña Mauricio , Zuñiga-Macias Leslie , Marin-Garcia Ricardo , Ovalle-Robles Itzel , García-Díaz Andrea L , Macías-Guzmán Mariana J , Delgado-Bentites Angel , Macías-Diaz Dulce Maria , Prado-Aguilar Carlos Alberto , Vega de la Rosa Alejandro , Delgadillo-Castañeda Rodolfo , Chew-Won Alfredo , Reyes-Acevedo Rafael , Reyes-Campos Dulce Maria , Martínez-Guevara Marco Antonio , Mendoza-Enciso Emanuel A , Nava-Becerra Bernardo , Piza-Jiménez Miguel Angel , Arreola Guerra José Manuel 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the pathologies with the greatest impact on the public health system. Over the last few decades, the relevance of CKD in Mexico has increased, with associated overwhelming costs for care of renal disease. There are no reliable CKD statistics in Mexico.

Methodology
In June 2018, the government of Aguascalientes called on all Health Institutions to create a state registry of treated end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In the same system, a renal biopsy result registry included all the native kidney biopsies obtained in the state of Aguascalientes since 2012. We herein describe the prevalence, incidence and characteristics of the patients included in the CKD and renal biopsy registry in the state of Aguascalientes.

Results
As of April 2020, the state has documented 2827 patients on renal replacement therapy (RRT), 1877 on dialysis and 950 that have been transplanted. The prevalence of patients on dialysis is 1326 per million population (p.m.p.), and if transplanted individuals are included, it is 1997 p.m.p. The incidence of treated ESRD in 2019 was 336 p.m.p. (n = 474) in individuals with an average age of 45.6 years (standard deviation ±18), and in a higher proportion of men (61%). There is a bimodal distribution of the age at which RRT was initiated. The first and the most significant peaks are between the ages of 20 and 40 years and are usually the result of CKD of unknown cause (73%). The second peak is between 50 and 70 years of age, and CKD is usually the result of diabetes mellitus and systemic arterial hypertension (59.6%). Since January 2012, 423 biopsies have been recorded. The patient’s ages were between 20 and 30 years (n = 112), and the most frequent diagnosis was focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (54%).

Conclusions
The prevalence of treated ESRD in the state of Aguascalientes is high. The disease mostly afflicts young people between 20 and 40 years of age, and there is a clear male predominance. In this age group, the main clinical diagnosis is CKD of unknown origin, and the most frequent biopsy diagnosis was FSGS.
Triglycerides as a Shared Risk Factor between Dementia and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Study of 125 727 Individuals
Authors: Nordestgaard Liv T , Christoffersen Mette , Afzal Shoaib , Nordestgaard Børge G , Tybjærg-Hansen Anne , Frikke-Schmidt Ruth 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease such as smoking, hypertension, physical inactivity, and diabetes have also been associated with risk of dementia. Whether hypertriglyceridemia represents a shared risk factor as well remains unknown. We tested the hypothesis that hypertriglyceridemia is associated with increased risk of non-Alzheimer dementia, Alzheimer disease, and ischemic stroke.

Methods
Using the Copenhagen General Population Study and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, we examined the association between increased plasma triglycerides and risk of non-Alzheimer dementia, Alzheimer disease, and ischemic stroke with Cox regression.

Results
On a continuous scale, higher concentrations of plasma triglycerides were associated with increased risk of non-Alzheimer dementia and ischemic stroke, but not with Alzheimer disease. In age, sex, and cohort adjusted models, the highest percentile of triglycerides (median 629 mg/dL; 7.1 mmol/L) versus the 1–50th percentiles (median 89 mg/dL; 1.0 mmol/L) was associated with hazard ratios of 1.75 (95% confidence interval: 1.17–2.63) for non-Alzheimer dementia, 1.18 (0.73–1.91) for Alzheimer disease, and of 1.89 (1.50–2.38) for ischemic stroke. Corresponding hazard ratios were 1.62 (1.08–2.44), 1.25 (0.77–2.02), and 1.57 (1.24–1.98) in models adjusted multifactorially, and 1.79 (1.16–2.87), 1.18 (0.73–1.92), and 1.46 (1.10–1.95) in models adjusted multifactorially and additionally for apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, respectively. Results were similar after excluding individuals who had an event within 2 years after study entry.

Conclusions
Moderate hypertriglyceridemia was associated with increased risk of both non-Alzheimer dementia and ischemic stroke, highlighting plasma triglycerides as a shared risk factor between dementia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Effect of statin therapy on SARS-CoV-2 infection-related mortality in hospitalized patients
Authors: Masana Lluís , Correig Eudald , Rodríguez-Borjabad Cèlia , Anoro Eva , Arroyo Juan Antonio , Jericó Carlos , Pedragosa Angels , Miret Marcel·la , Näf Silvia , Pardo Anna , Perea Verónica , Pérez-Bernalte Rosa , Plana Núria , Ramírez-Montesinos Rafael , Royuela Meritxell , Soler Cristina , Urquizu-Padilla Maria , Zamora Alberto , Pedro-Botet Juan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Aim
Assessing the effect of statin therapy (ST) at hospital admission for COVID-19 on in-hospital mortality.

Methods and results
Retrospective observational study. Patients taking statins were 11 years older and had significantly more comorbidities than patients who were not taking statins. A genetic matching (GM) procedure was performed prior to analysis of the mortality risk. A Cox proportional hazards model was used for the cause-specific hazard (CSH) function, and a competing-risks Fine and Gray (FG) model was also used to study the direct effects of statins on risk. Data from reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-confirmed 2157 SARS-CoV-2-infected patients [1234 men, 923 women; age: 67 y/o (IQR 54–78)] admitted to the hospital were retrieved from the clinical records in anonymized manner. Three hundred and fifty-three deaths occurred. Five hundred and eighty-one patients were taking statins. Univariate test after GM showed a significantly lower mortality rate in patients on ST than the matched non-statin group (19.8% vs. 25.4%, χ2 with Yates continuity correction: P = 0.027). The mortality rate was even lower in patients (n = 336) who maintained their statin treatments during hospitalization compared with the GM non-statin group (17.4%; P = 0.045). The Cox model applied to the CSH function [HR = 0.58(CI: 0.39–0.89); P = 0.01] and the competing-risks FG model [HR = 0.60 (CI: 0.39–0.92); P = 0.02] suggest that statins are associated with reduced COVID-19-related mortality.

Conclusions
A lower SARS-CoV-2 infection-related mortality was observed in patients treated with ST prior to hospitalization. Statin therapy should not be discontinued due to the global concern of the pandemic or in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
Extreme price moves: an INGARCH approach to model coexceedances in commodity markets
Authors: Algieri Bernardina , Leccadito Arturo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study presents a set of integer-valued generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic models to identify possible transmission channels of joint extreme price moves (coexceedances) across a group of agricultural commodities. These models are very useful to identify factors affecting joint tail events and they are superior in terms of goodness of fit to models without autoregressive components. Emerging market demand, crude oil, exchange rate, stock market conditions and credit spread explain extreme joint returns. Psychological factors and the Monday effect play a role in affecting extreme events, while weather anomalies (El Niño and La Niña episodes) do not have explanatory power.
Quantifying habitat preference of bottom trawling gear
Authors: Hintzen N T , Aarts G , Poos J J , Van der Reijden K J , Rijnsdorp A D 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Continental shelves around the world are subject to intensive bottom trawling. Demersal fish assemblages inhabiting these shelves account for one-fourth of landed wild marine species. Increasing spatial claims for nature protection and wind farm energy suppresses, however, the area available to fisheries. In this marine spatial planning discussion, it is essential to understand what defines suitable fishing grounds for bottom trawlers. We developed a statistical methodology to study the habitat preference of a fishery, accounting for spatial correlation naturally present in fisheries data using high-resolution location data of fishing vessels and environmental variables. We focused on two types of beam trawls to target sole using mechanical or electrical stimulation. Although results indicated only subtle differences in habitat preference between the two gear types, a clear difference in spatial distribution of the two gears was predicted. We argue that this change is driven by both changes in habitat preference as well as a change in target species distribution. We discuss modelling of fisheries’ habitat preference in light of marine spatial planning and as support in benthic impact assessments.
Technical and environmental analysis of photovoltaic and solar water heater cogeneration system: a case study of Saveh City
Authors: Alayi Reza , Ahmadi Mohammad Hossein , Visei Amir Reza , Sharma Shubham , Najafi Atabak 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The overwhelming growth in energy consumption in Iran is to the extent that in the coming years, it will turn Iran from an energy-exporting country into an energy-importing country. The use of renewable energy is essential to address this threat. In this research, the energy and economic analysis of solar energy-based cogeneration system for a building in Saveh City has been studied. The main purpose of this study is to determine the optimal size of photovoltaic cell and solar water heater by considering environmental parameters and fuel saving. In this regard, the amount of solar radiation intensity and the required loads of the building under study were determined. Then, using the SAM and TSOL relationships and software, results such as the supply of electric and thermal loads of six panels of 327 W and 3.2 m2, respectively, are needed. This system will save more than 75% energy.
Co-cultivation of microbial sub-communities in microfluidic droplets facilitates high-resolution genomic dissection of microbial ‘dark matter’
Authors: Tan James Y , Wang Sida , Dick Gregory J , Young Vincent B , Sherman David H , Burns Mark A , Lin Xiaoxia N 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
While the ‘unculturable’ majority of the bacterial world is accessible with culture-independent tools, the inability to study these bacteria using culture-dependent approaches has severely limited our understanding of their ecological roles and interactions. To circumvent cultivation barriers, we utilize microfluidic droplets as localized, nanoliter-size bioreactors to co-cultivate subsets of microbial communities. This co-localization can support ecological interactions between a reduced number of encapsulated cells. We demonstrated the utility of this approach in the encapsulation and co-cultivation of droplet sub-communities from a fecal sample collected from a healthy human subject. With the whole genome amplification and metagenomic shotgun sequencing of co-cultivated sub-communities from 22 droplets, we observed that this approach provides accessibility to uncharacterized gut commensals for study. The recovery of metagenome-assembled genomes from one droplet sub-community demonstrated the capability to dissect the sub-communities with high-genomic resolution. In particular, genomic characterization of one novel member of the family Neisseriaceae revealed implications regarding its participation in fatty acid degradation and production of atherogenic intermediates in the human gut. The demonstrated genomic resolution and accessibility to the microbial ‘dark matter’ with this methodology can be applied to study the interactions of rare or previously uncultivated members of microbial communities.
Trends in obesity by socioeconomic status among non-pregnant women aged 15–49 y: a cross-sectional, multi-dimensional equity analysis of demographic and health surveys in 11 sub-Saharan Africa countries, 1994–2015
Authors: Wariri Oghenebrume , Alhassan Jacob Albin Korem , Mark Godwin , Adesiyan Oyinkansola , Hanson Lori 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Global obesity estimates show a steadily increasing pattern across socioeconomic and geographical divides, especially among women. Our analysis tracked and described obesity trends across multiple equity dimensions among women of reproductive age (15–49 y) in 11 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries during 1994–2015.

Methods
This study consisted of a cross-sectional series analysis using nationally representative demographic and health surveys (DHS) data. The countries included were Cameroon, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Nigeria, Senegal, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The data reported are from a reanalysis conducted using the WHO Health Equity Assessment Toolkit that assesses inter- and intra-country health inequalities across socioeconomic and geographical dimensions. We generated equiplots to display intra- and inter-country equity gaps.

Results
There was an increasing trend in obesity among women of reproductive age across all 11 SSA countries. Obesity increased unequally across wealth categories, place of residence and educational measures of inequality. The wealthiest, most educated and urban dwellers in most countries had a higher prevalence of obesity. However, in Comoros, obesity did not increase consistently with increasing wealth or education compared with other countries. The most educated and wealthiest women in Comoros had lower obesity rates compared with their less wealthy and less well-educated counterparts.

Conclusion
A window of opportunity is presented to governments to act structurally and at policy level to reduce obesity generally and prevent a greater burden on disadvantaged subpopulation groups in sub-Saharan Africa.
Prothrombotic Factors Have Significant Association with Arterial and Venous Strokes in Indian Tamilians
Authors: Narayan Sunil , Chandrasekaran Adithan , Basu Debdatta , Hanumanthappa Nandeesha , Aghoram Rajeswari , Dutta Tarun Kumar , Rejul Venugopalan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundProthrombotic factors have been correlated with vascular events in young patients, with recurrent strokes, and with venous thromboembolisms. However, their prevalence in adult strokes, in healthy populations, and in specific ethnic groups is not well defined. We investigated the association of prothrombotic factors with strokes in a South Indian Tamil population.MethodsIn this hospital-based cross-sectional study, plasma homocysteine (Hcys), protein C and protein S activity levels, activated protein C resistance (APCR) as a surrogate for factor V Leiden (FVL), fibrinogen, and antithrombin III (ATIII) were determined from 75 consecutive patients with ischemic stroke (IS), 25 with cortical venous thrombosis (CVT), and 75 healthy control participants. The Student t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparing prothrombotic factor levels between the stroke and control groups. The χ2 or Fisher exact test was used for comparisons of proportions of thrombophilia and estimation of odds ratios. Mid-P correction was done for multiple estimations.ResultsHcys levels in patients with IS were significantly higher compared with those in healthy control participants (P = 0.02). Proportions of ATIII deficiency and hyperfibrinogenemia were significantly higher in the IS group, and no healthy control participants had hyperfibrinogenemia. Protein C deficiency was more frequent in those with IS (17%; P &lt; 8 × 10−5) and CVT (P &lt; 10−7) compared with healthy control participants, and protein C activity levels (P = 0.016) were also significantly lower in patients with CVT. Other parameters had no significant associations with IS and CVT. The frequency of protein S deficiency was high in healthy control participants (60%) and in both patients with IS (45%; P = 0.1) and patients with CVT (48%; P = 0.4). No patients or control participants had abnormal APCR.ConclusionsIn Tamilian participants, several prothrombotic factors were associated with IS. Protein C deficiency alone was associated with CVT. Replication of the pattern in genetically linked populations around the world may affect management of stroke in those populations.
User-intervened structured meshing methods and applications for complex flow fields based on multiblock partitioning
Authors: Cai Wen-Hao , Zhan Jie-Min , Luo Ying-Ying 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Recently, a series of automatic structured grid generation methods for different fields or specific problems have been proposed by various researchers, but these methods still have some disadvantages or limitations. Therefore, in the present study, several user-intervened structured meshing methods for complex flow fields have been introduced for multiblock docking and multiblock splicing based on multiblock structured grid technology. Besides, three applications compared with the other methods or experiments are discussed to illustrate the crucial workflow of the user-intervened partitioning. The successful implementation of these partitioning examples demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the methods described herein. And the techniques and criteria summarized in the present paper are quite practical and helpful for high-quality meshing.
Associations of dwarf galaxies in a ΛCDM Universe
Authors: Yaryura C Yamila , Abadi Mario G , Gottlöber Stefan , Libeskind Noam I , Cora Sofía A , Ruiz Andrés N , Vega-Martínez Cristian A , Yepes Gustavo , Behroozi Peter 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Associations of dwarf galaxies are loose systems composed exclusively of dwarf galaxies. These systems were identified in the Local Volume for the first time more than 30 yr ago. We study these systems in the cosmological framework of the Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model. We consider the Small MultiDark Planck simulation and populate its dark matter haloes by applying the semi-analytic model of galaxy formation SAG. We identify galaxy systems using a friends-of-friends algorithm with a linking length equal to $b=0.4 \, {\rm Mpc}\, h^{-1}$ to reproduce the size of dwarf galaxy associations detected in the Local Volume. Our samples of dwarf systems are built up removing those systems that have one or more galaxies with stellar mass larger than a maximum threshold Mmax. We analyse three different samples defined by ${\rm log}_{10}(M_{\rm max}[{\rm M}_{\odot }\, h^{-1}]) = 8.5, 9.0$, and 9.5. On average, our systems have typical sizes of $\sim 0.2\, {\rm Mpc}\, h^{-1}$, velocity dispersion of $\sim 30 {\rm km\, s^{-1}}$, and estimated total mass of $\sim 10^{11} {\rm M}_{\odot }\, h^{-1}$. Such large typical sizes suggest that individual members of a given dwarf association reside in different dark matter haloes and are generally not substructures of any other halo. Indeed, in more than 90 per cent of our dwarf systems their individual members inhabit different dark matter haloes, while only in the remaining 10 per cent members do reside in the same halo. Our results indicate that the ΛCDM model can naturally reproduce the existence and properties of dwarf galaxies’ associations without much difficulty.
Tracing the evolution of dust-obscured activity using sub-millimetre galaxy populations from STUDIES and AS2UDS
Authors: Dudzevičiūtė U , Smail Ian , Swinbank A M , Lim C-F , Wang W-H , Simpson J M , Ao Y , Chapman S C , Chen C-C , Clements D , Dannerbauer H , Ho L C , Hwang H S , Koprowski M , Lee C-H , Scott D , Shim H , Shirley R , Toba Y 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
We analyse the physical properties of 121 SNR ≥ 5 sub-millimetre galaxies (SMGs) from the STUDIES 450 μm survey. We model their UV-to-radio spectral energy distributions using magphys+photo-z and compare the results to similar modelling of 850 μm-selected SMG sample from AS2UDS, to understand the fundamental physical differences between the two populations at the observed depths. The redshift distribution of the 450-μm sample has a median of z = 1.85 ± 0.12 and can be described by strong evolution of the far-infrared luminosity function. The fainter 450-μm sample has ∼14 times higher space density than the brighter 850-μm sample at z ≲ 2, and a comparable space density at z = 2–3, before rapidly declining, suggesting LIRGs are the main obscured population at z ∼ 1–2, while ULIRGs dominate at higher redshifts. We construct rest-frame ∼180-μm-selected and dust-mass-matched samples at z = 1–2 and z = 3–4 from the 450 and 850-μm samples, respectively, to probe the evolution of a uniform sample of galaxies spanning the cosmic noon era. Using far-infrared luminosity, dust masses, and an optically thick dust model, we suggest that higher redshift sources have higher dust densities due to inferred dust continuum sizes which are roughly half of those for the lower redshift population at a given dust mass, leading to higher dust attenuation. We track the evolution in the cosmic dust mass density and suggest that the dust content of galaxies is governed by a combination of both the variation of gas content and dust destruction time-scale.
IndiGenomes: a comprehensive resource of genetic variants from over 1000 Indian genomes
Authors: Jain Abhinav , Bhoyar Rahul C , Pandhare Kavita , Mishra Anushree , Sharma Disha , Imran Mohamed , Senthivel Vigneshwar , Divakar Mohit Kumar , Rophina Mercy , Jolly Bani , Batra Arushi , Sharma Sumit , Siwach Sanjay , Jadhao Arun G , Palande Nikhil V , Jha Ganga Nath , Ashrafi Nishat , Mishra Prashant Kumar , A. K. Vidhya , Jain Suman , Dash Debasis , Kumar Nachimuthu Senthil , Vanlallawma Andrew , Sarma Ranjan Jyoti , Chhakchhuak Lalchhandama , Kalyanaraman Shantaraman , Mahadevan Radha , Kandasamy Sunitha , B. M. Pabitha , Rajagopal Raskin Erusan , J. Ezhil Ramya , P. Nirmala Devi , Bajaj Anjali , Gupta Vishu , Mathew Samatha , Goswami Sangam , Mangla Mohit , Prakash Savinitha , Joshi Kandarp , Meyakumla  , S. Sreedevi , Gajjar Devarshi , Soraisham Ronibala , Yadav Rohit , Devi Yumnam Silla , Gupta Aayush , Mukerji Mitali , Ramalingam Sivaprakash , B. K. Binukumar , Scaria Vinod , Sivasubbu Sridhar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
With the advent of next-generation sequencing, large-scale initiatives for mining whole genomes and exomes have been employed to better understand global or population-level genetic architecture. India encompasses more than 17% of the world population with extensive genetic diversity, but is under-represented in the global sequencing datasets. This gave us the impetus to perform and analyze the whole genome sequencing of 1029 healthy Indian individuals under the pilot phase of the ‘IndiGen’ program. We generated a compendium of 55,898,122 single allelic genetic variants from geographically distinct Indian genomes and calculated the allele frequency, allele count, allele number, along with the number of heterozygous or homozygous individuals. In the present study, these variants were systematically annotated using publicly available population databases and can be accessed through a browsable online database named as ‘IndiGenomes’ http://clingen.igib.res.in/indigen/. The IndiGenomes database will help clinicians and researchers in exploring the genetic component underlying medical conditions. Till date, this is the most comprehensive genetic variant resource for the Indian population and is made freely available for academic utility. The resource has also been accessed extensively by the worldwide community since it's launch.