bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Children vs elderly in orthopedic surgery site of infection. Are there difference? Experience of a high volume plastic surgeon consultant.
Authors: Franzese Raffaele , Conte Michele , Gagliardo Nicola , Pieretti Gorizio 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Prevention of surgical site infection in surgery and bone trauma has some hallmarks not shared with other surgical disciplines. The surgeon is not always able to open the pathogen and a key to correct therapy. The aim of our work is to verify if there are differences between pathogens, and treatment between the two groups most susceptible to skin infections by means of synthesis such as children and the elderly. Materials and Methods: From January 2011 to december 2018, we perform 3189 consultancies in various departments of orthopedics and traumatology. From the exclusion criteria we recruited 168 patients with superficial infection of the surgical site after orthopedic surgery. A group represented by children (under 12 years old) and a group of older people over 65. The evaluation criteria between the two groups were: the infectious bacterial flora; the type of antibiotic, the duration of antibiotic therapy; the type of medications used in the post-operative period, the complications.Results:The results showed that elderly patients are more likely to be bacterial superinfection due to poor hygiene. Therapy in children is shorter and has minor complications. Proper management of the surgical site showed a rapid resolution of the infection in both groups. Conclusion: The correct management and hygiene of the surgical site allows its rapid recovery from infection. The plastic surgeon management of the fracture site infection can be a winning weapon in the treatment of this problem both in the child and in the elderly.
SUCCESS RATE OF STRABISMUS SURGERY IN ADULT PATIENTS
Authors: Alajbegovic-Halimic Jasmina , Jovanovic Nina , Halimic Tarik 
Published: January 2020

Background ̸Purpose. Adults as well as children may have problems with strabismus, which can significantly affects on quality of social and professional life. Strabismus surgery in adults are not conditioned for years of a patient, and the main goal of this kind of surgery is to improve motoric-senzorial relationship of eyes, and to improve esthetic moment of a patient. Patients&Methods. A surgical review was performed on 35 adult patients with strabismus in period between January 2016 - May 2018 years. The type of strabismus, preoperative measurements, and indications for surgery were obtained from the patient notes, as were all final outcomes. Final measurements, on average, were 3 to 6 weeks postoperatively, and patients were asked to comment subjectively on their outcome. Results. In total number 35 of adult strabismic patients, were 12 (34,3%) male and 23 (65,7%) female, mean age 34,15±13 ( 20 to 67 years), 17 patiens (48,6%) were exotropic, esotropic 11 (31,4%) patiens, and hypertropic 7 (20%) patients. Indication for surgery in the most cases were aesthetic 28 (80%). The success rate is measured by number of orthophoric patients with less than 10 prism diopters 31 (88,6%), stereoacuity 22 (62,9%) and patient satisfaction 30 (85,7%). Conclusion. Adult strabismus surgery is very successful and provides patients with a good level of satisfaction. Many patients seek surgical correction for cosmetic and psychosocial benefits.Keywords; adult, strabismus, success, surgery
Risk of phosphorus losses in surface runoff from agricultural land in the Baltic Commune of Puck in the light of assessment performed on the basis of DPS indicator
Authors: Pietrzak Stefan , Pazikowska-Sapota Grażyna , Dembska Grażyna , Dzierzbicka-Glowacka Lidia Anita , Juszkowska Dominika , Majewska Zuzanna , Urbaniak Marek , Ostrowska Dominika , Cichowska Agnieszka , Galer-Tatarowicz Katarzyna 
Published: January 2020

Background
In order to counteract the eutrophication of waterways and reservoirs, a basic risk assessment of phosphorus (P) losses in the surface runoff from agricultural land should be included in water management plans. A new method has been developed to assess the risk of P losses by estimating the degree of P saturation (DPS) based on the P concentration of the water extract water-soluble P.

Methods
The risk of P losses in surface runoff from agricultural land in the Puck Commune on the Baltic Sea Coast was assessed with the DPS method. The results were compared to an agronomic interpretation of the soil test P concentration (STP). Research was conducted on mineral and organic soils from 50 and 11 separate agricultural plots with a total area of 133.82 and 37.23 ha, respectively. Phosphorus was extracted from the collected samples using distilled water on all soil samples, acid ammonium lactate on mineral soils, and an extract of 0.5 mol HCl·dm−3 on organic soils. The organic matter content and pH values were also determined. The results of the P content in the water extracted from the soils were converted into DPS values, which were then classified by appropriate limit intervals.

Results and discussion
There was a high risk of P losses from the soil via surface runoff in 96.7% of the agricultural parcels tested (96% of plots with mineral soils and 100% of plots with organic soils). Simultaneously, a large deficiency of plant-available P was found in soils from 62% of agricultural plots. These data indicate that the assessment of P concentration in soils made on the basis of an environmental soil P test conflicts with the assessment made based on STP and create a cognitive dissonance. The risk level of P losses through surface runoff from the analyzed plots as determined by the DPS indicator is uncertain. This uncertainty is increased as the DPS index is not correlated with other significant factors in P runoff losses, such as the type of crop and area inclination.
Nutritional Quality and Shelf Life of Processed Tomato Juice and Paste Using Rosmarinus officinalis Essential Oil Combined with Low Heat Treatment in Challenged Conditions with Bacillus cereus Spores
Authors: Imani Sibomana C. , L. Sado Kamdem S. , Mushagalusa Nachigera G. , Essia Ngang J. J. 
Published: January 2020

Aims: This experiment was done to investigate the effect of adding Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil (REO) in tomato juice and paste during processing in condition of reduced thermal treatment on nutritional qualities and evaluate their postharvest shelf life under Bacillus cereus spore contamination.
Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon, from January 2017 to June 2018.
Methodology: Total polyphenol content was determined using the Folin Ciocalteu coloric method; the Titatrable acidity and vitamin C content were determined by titration with indicator method. The effect of level of Bacillus cereus contamination, time of thermal treatment and concentration of REO was assessed using a experimental CCD plan. The shelf life was estimated using the storage efficacy of the product on a period of time, and calculated based on the percentage of spoiled products. Data were analysed using XLSLTAT and STATISTICA packages for non-linear regression analyses.
Results: Only 10 min pasteurization at 95°C in the presence of 100ppm of ROE was necessary to totally deactivate 104 Bacillus cereus spores/g in tomato juice while for tomato paste the same concentration of ROE needed 20 min pasteurization at 95°C to totally deactivate up to 108 Bacillus cereus spores/g. Total polyphenols, Titratable acidity and Vitamin C content were affected under this combined processing technique. The storage efficacy of tomato products and hence the extended shelf life was as a result of combined effects between cooking time and microbial load percent reduction that depended on the spore load concentration.
Conclusion: Using Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil can help reduce the thermal impact during tomato juice and paste processing even in condition of high contamination of spores of Bacillus cereus. Moreover in this processing condition, nutritional compounds are not significantly impacted.
Open Probability‐Based Panels
Authors: Weiß Bernd , Das Marcel , Kapteyn Arie , Bosnjak Michael , Schaurer Ines 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOpen probability‐based panels (OPP) aim at collecting high‐quality, population‐representative data either solely or partly through online questionnaires. The most salient feature is that they allow external researchers to apply for cross‐sectional as well as longitudinal data collection about various social science topics. All in all, a panel infrastructure is considered open when it is accessible for all academic researchers from any substantive area to field primary studies and when it provides access to the data collected. In this article, we first describe the essential features of OPPs and give a broad overview of some important OPPs, most notably the Open Probability‐based Panel Alliance (OPPA). We then highlight OPPs' primary and secondary research opportunities and discuss issues of recruitment and refreshment. This article concludes with a list of challenges that affect most OPPs and further research opportunities.
Treatment Effect and Double Robust Estimator at the Quantiles
Authors: Furno Marilena , Caracciolo Francesco 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe analysis of treatment effect at various quantiles for two or more treatment conditions is discussed. Treatment effects are estimated using (i) inverse propensity score weights; (ii) unconditional outcome distribution within each group. Through (i) and (ii) the standard double robust estimator is extended to evaluate the treatment effects of binary/multiple treatment options not only on average but also in the tails (quantiles), to assess whether the treatment effect is constant or varies across the quantiles.
Classifying Pseudogout Using Machine Learning Approaches With Electronic Health Record Data
Authors: Tedeschi Sara K. , Cai Tianrun , He Zeling , Ahuja Yuri , Hong Chuan , Yates Katherine A. , Dahal Kumar , Xu Chang , Lyu Houchen , Yoshida Kazuki , Solomon Daniel H. , Cai Tianxi , Liao Katherine P. 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveIdentifying pseudogout in large data sets is difficult due to its episodic nature and a lack of billing codes specific to this acute subtype of calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) deposition disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate a novel machine learning approach for classifying pseudogout using electronic health record (EHR) data.MethodsWe created an EHR data mart of patients with ≥1 relevant billing code or ≥2 natural language processing (NLP) mentions of pseudogout or chondrocalcinosis, 1991–2017. We selected 900 subjects for gold standard chart review for definite pseudogout (synovitis + synovial fluid CPP crystals), probable pseudogout (synovitis + chondrocalcinosis), or not pseudogout. We applied a topic modeling approach to identify definite/probable pseudogout. A combined algorithm included topic modeling plus manually reviewed CPP crystal results. We compared algorithm performance and cohorts identified by billing codes, the presence of CPP crystals, topic modeling, and a combined algorithm.ResultsAmong 900 subjects, 123 (13.7%) had pseudogout by chart review (68 definite, 55 probable). Billing codes had a sensitivity of 65% and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 22% for pseudogout. The presence of CPP crystals had a sensitivity of 29% and a PPV of 92%. Without using CPP crystal results, topic modeling had a sensitivity of 29% and a PPV of 79%. The combined algorithm yielded a sensitivity of 42% and a PPV of 81%. The combined algorithm identified 50% more patients than the presence of CPP crystals; the latter captured a portion of definite pseudogout and missed probable pseudogout.ConclusionFor pseudogout, an episodic disease with no specific billing code, combining NLP, machine learning methods, and synovial fluid laboratory results yielded an algorithm that significantly boosted the PPV compared to billing codes.
Low Back Pain as a Risk Factor for Recurrent Falls in People With Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Iijima Hirotaka , Shimoura Kanako , Aoyama Tomoki , Takahashi Masaki 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveKnee osteoarthritis (OA) has been suggested to increase the risk of falls. Low back pain (LBP) is a potential risk factor for falls in people with knee OA, but this issue has not been addressed adequately in previous studies. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between LBP and falls in people with knee OA in a 12‐month period.MethodsParticipants with knee OA (Kellgren/Lawrence [K/L] grade ≥1) completed questionnaires for LBP and falls that occurred in the preceding 12 months. Binary and ordinal logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between LBP or moderate‐to‐severe LBP (numeric rating scale ≥4 points) and any fall (≥1 fall) or recurrent falls (≥2 falls) after adjustment for age, sex, K/L grade, knee pain severity, and quadriceps strength. Sensitivity analyses were performed excluding people with sciatica, nonchronic LBP, K/L grade 1, and those receiving pain medications.ResultsWe included 189 participants (ages 61–90 years, 78.3% women) in this study. Of these participants, 41 (21.6%) reported falls in the preceding 12 months. People with any LBP (n = 101) and those with moderate‐to‐severe LBP (n = 45) had 2.7‐ and 3.7‐times higher odds of recurrent falls, respectively. Sensitivity analyses revealed a strong correlation between moderate‐to‐severe LBP and recurrent falls.ConclusionThorough investigation of LBP as a risk factor for recurrent falls in people with knee OA may provide a novel insight into the pathomechanics of recurrent falls in this population.
Hybrid Erythrocyte Liposomes: Functionalized Red Blood Cell Membranes for Molecule Encapsulation
Authors: Himbert Sebastian , Blacker Matthew J. , Kihm Alexander , Pauli Quinn , Khondker Adree , Yang Kevin , Sinjari Sheilan , Johnson Mitchell , Juhasz Janos , Wagner Christian , Stöver Harald D. H. , Rheinstädter Maikel C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe modification of erythrocyte membrane properties provides a new tool towards improved drug delivery and biomedical applications. The fabrication of hybrid erythrocyte liposomes is presented by doping red blood cell membranes with synthetic lipid molecules of different classes (PC, PS, PG) and different degrees of saturation (14:0, 16:0–18:1). The respective solubility limits are determined, and material properties of the hybrid liposomes are studied by a combination of X‐ray diffraction, epi‐fluorescent microscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), Zeta potential, UV‐vis spectroscopy, and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. Membrane thickness and lipid orientation can be tuned through the addition of phosphatidylcholine lipids. The hybrid membranes can be fluorescently labelled by incorporating Texas‐red DHPE, and their charge modified by incorporating phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylglycerol. By using fluorescein labeled dextran as an example, it is demonstrated that small molecules can be encapsulated into these hybrid liposomes.
Ultrahigh Speed and Broadband Few‐Layer MoTe2/Si 2D–3D Heterojunction‐Based Photodiodes Fabricated by Pulsed Laser Deposition
Authors: Lu Zhijian , Xu Yan , Yu Yongqiang , Xu Kewei , Mao Jie , Xu Gaobin , Ma Yuanming , Wu Di , Jie Jiansheng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract2D transition metal dichalcogenides are promising candidates for high‐performance photodetectors. However, the relatively low response speed as well as the complex transfer process hinders their wide applications. Herein, for the first time, the fabrication of a few‐layer MoTe2/Si 2D–3D vertical heterojunction for high‐speed and broadband photodiodes by a pulsed laser deposition technique is reported. Owing to the high junction quality, ultrathin MoTe2 film thickness, and unique vertical n–n heterojunction structure, the photodiode exhibits excellent device performance in terms of a high responsivity of 0.19 A W−1 and a large detectivity of 6.8 × 1013 Jones. The device is also capable of detecting a broadband light with wavelength spanning from 300 to 1800 nm. More importantly, the device possesses an ultrahigh response speed up to 150 ns with a 3‐dB electrical bandwidth approaching 0.12 GHz. This work paves the way toward the fabrication of novel 2D–3D heterojunctions for high‐performance, ultrafast photodetectors.
Dynamic optimization for gas blending in pipeline networks with gas interchangeability control
Authors: Liu Kai , Kazi Saif R. , Biegler Lorenz T. , Zhang Bingjian , Chen Qinglin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe increasing penetration of unconventional gas and liquefied natural gas poses an operational challenge on existing regional gas networks for gas quality problems. A new dynamic model for natural gas pipeline network with multiple supplies is presented with a special emphasis on gas interchangeability control. Wobbe index serves as gas interchangeability indicator and is calculated by equations derived from rigorous composition‐based partial differential equations. Disjunctive formulation is applied to represent different modes of gas blending due to gas reversal, and the disjunctive model is then reformulated as a nonsmooth model with min/max and absolute value functions, which is solved by a gradient‐based nonlinear program solver after smooth approximation. Moreover, a heuristic algorithm is proposed to tune the penalty parameters in order to focus on different penalty terms while keeping the model well‐conditioned. The developed model and strategy are first tested with a small pipeline network model and then extended to a large model. The results show that the model can effectively manage gas interchangeability issues in pipeline networks within reasonable CPU time.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Radical C−H Methylation of Quinoxalinones with TBHP
Authors: Rong Xiaona , Jin Liujun , Gu Yugui , Liang Guang , Xia Qinqin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA highly efficient and generally applicable iodine‐mediated C−H methylation of quinoxalinones by using TBHP as the methylating reagent was developed. The methodology has the advantages of a metal‐free strategy, easy to handle reagents and functional group tolerance. Tentative mechanistic studies suggest that this reaction is likely to involve a radical process.
Performance and reaction mechanism for low‐temperature NOx catalytic synergistic Hg0 oxidation of catalytic polyphenylene sulfide filter materials
Authors: Li Tao , Liu Meng , Duan Yufeng , Li Yinsheng , Na Li , Chen Cong , Zhengkang Luo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAn in situ method (ISM), impregnation calcination method, and coating method were proposed to prepare catalytic polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) filter materials, and the low‐temperature catalytic activities for nitrogen oxides (NOx) and Hg0 were investigated in fixed bed system. Furthermore, the surface morphology characteristics, crystalline structure, and NOx interaction mechanisms were studied by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray, Fourier transform infrared, temperature‐programmed desorption (TPD), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that the maximum NOx and Hg0 conversions decreased in the sequence of Mn‐Ce‐Fe‐Co‐Ox/PPS@ ISM> Mn‐Ce‐Fe‐Co‐Ox/PPS@ impregnation calcination method > Mn‐Ce‐Fe‐Co‐Ox/PPS@ coating method. The best catalyst reduced 84.6% NOx and oxidized 93.2% Hg0 at 170°C. NO obviously affected the conversions through a homogeneous reaction. As the reaction temperature was increased from 120 to 170°C, NOx and Hg0 conversions increased significantly but decreased from 170 to 300°C. In addition, the maximum oxidation activity of NO to NO2 on Mn‐Ce‐Fe‐Co‐Ox/PPS@ ISM was 8.6% at 170°C. NO‐TPD and Hg‐TPD respectively indicated that NOx was mainly stored by nitrite/nitrate and NO2, and HgO/Hg2(NO3)2 and HgSO4 were the thermal stable forms of mercury presented in PPS catalyst after reaction in simulated selective catalytic reduction flue gases. The microstructure characterizations of scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X‐ray and Fourier transform infrared results suggested that the active metal oxides were uniformly supported on the PPS surface as the proportion of the catalyst preparation process. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra results indicated that Mn, Ce, Fe, and Co mainly existed in the form of Mn4+, Ce4+, Fe3+, and Co3+, respectively, which had the best catalytic activity to achieve flue gas NOx and mercury removal. The reaction mechanisms were further discussed on the basis of the results.
Preparation of high 1,2‐orientation butadiene‐styrene copolymer by coordination copolymerization with molybdenum‐based catalytic system
Authors: Li Di , Liu Kai , Tang Jian , Cui Zixu , Hua Jing 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIn this study, with Mo‐based catalytic systems consisting of molybdenum pentachloride (MoCl5) as the main catalyst, alkyl aluminum as the cocatalyst and organophosphorus compound as the ligand, high 1,2‐orientation butadiene (Bd)‐styrene (St) copolymers were prepared by the coordination polymerization. The effects of phosphorous ligand, alkyl aluminum, polymerization temperature, polymerization time and monomers feed ratios on the monomer conversion and intrinsic viscosity of copolymers were explored in detail. The experimental results indicated that with MoCl5•TBP (tributyl phosphate)/Al(OPhCH3)(i‐Bu)2 as the catalytic system to initiate Bd‐St copolymerization, the reactivity ratios of butadiene and styrene monomers are 3.64 and 0.16, and the 1,2‐structural content in the resulting copolymers is over 80%, regarded as high 1,2‐orientation Bd‐St copolymers. All these results provided a basis for the design of catalyst used to prepare high 1,2‐orientation Bd‐St rubber. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48897.
Screening of potential biomarkers for Yin‐deficiency‐heat syndrome based on UHPLC–MS method and the mechanism of Zhibai Dihuang granule therapeutic effect
Authors: Yi Wen‐Jing , Chen Jing , Li Zhi‐Bin , Jiang Ting‐Ting , Bi De‐Qing , Liu Chang‐Ming , Yang Su , Hu Yu‐Ting , Gan Lin , Tu Hui‐Hui , Huang Huai , Li Ji‐Cheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundYin‐deficiency‐heat (YDH) syndrome is a subhealth state of the individual, mainly manifested as oral ulcers, dry mouth, constipation, and other symptoms. Zhibai Dihuang granule (ZDG), as a classic traditional Chinese medicine, is effective in treating YDH syndrome. We screened the potential biomarkers for diagnosing YDH syndrome, and explored the mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of ZDG.MethodsPlasma samples from the Pinghe (PH, healthy control) group, the Shanghuo (SH, YDH syndrome) group, and the ZDG treated group (therapeutic group) were analyzed by using metabolomics profiling. The data were analyzed by multivariate statistical and bioinformatics analyses.ResultsWe screened four differential metabolites such as, decanoylcarnitine, dodecanoylcarnitine, phosphatidylcholine (PC), and Aspartate (Asp) Arginine (Arg) Proline (Pro) in the SH group and the PH group. The results showed that the combination of above four metabolites could serve as a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of YDH syndrome. The metabolites decanoylcarnitine and glucose were found to be differentially expressed in the YDH syndrome group and tended to be normalized after ZDG treatment.ConclusionThe increased levels of four differential metabolites (decanoylcarnitine, dodecanoylcarnitine, PC, and Asp Arg Pro) revealed that individuals with YDH syndrome may have increased energy metabolism in the body, which could lead to disorders of fatty acids β‐oxidation and immune function. The levels of two differential metabolites including decanoylcarnitine and glucose returned to normal after ZDG treatment, indicating that ZDG could treat YDH syndrome by regulating glucose metabolism and fatty acids β‐oxidation. Our study provides a new method for the diagnosis of YDH syndrome, and may provide theoretical basis for novel therapeutic strategies of YDH syndrome.