bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The APOA5‐rs662799 Polymorphism Is a Determinant of Dyslipidemia in Vietnamese Primary School Children
Authors: Hanh Nguyen T. H. , Nhung Bui T. , Hop Le T. , Tuyet Le T. , Dao Duong T. A. , Thu Nguyen T. T. , Binh Tran Quang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractApolipoprotein A‐V encoded by apolipoprotein 5 (APOA5) gene plays an important role in lipid metabolism, especially in the regulation of plasma triglycerol levels. The study aimed to evaluate the association of the APOA5‐rs662799 polymorphism with dyslipidemia in Vietnamese children and the potential modification of obesity‐related traits (body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist‐to‐hip ratio) on this association. A case–control study was conducted with a total of 154 dyslipidemia cases and 389 controls at the age of 6 to 10 recruited at 31 primary schools in Hanoi city of Vietnam. Genotype for APOA5‐rs662799 polymorphism was determined by the restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The association of APOA5‐rs662799 polymorphism with dyslipidemia adjusting for age, sex, residence, and obesity‐related traits was analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis. The results showed that in comparison with T/T and T/C carriers, the C/C carriers had a higher concentration of serum TAG in cases (p =0.049). Carriers of the C allele (C/C + T/C) had higher risk for developing dyslipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia than subjects with T/T genotype (odds ratio, OR = 1.7, p =0.0062 and OR = 1.6, p = 0.026, respectively). The association remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, residence, and obesity status (OR = 1.75, p = 0.006 and OR = 1.53, p = 0.049, respectively) or other obesity‐related traits. The study suggested that the APOA5‐rs662799 polymorphism may be a determinant of dyslipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia in Vietnamese children, independent of obesity‐related traits.
Low Power Reconfigurability and Reduced Crosstalk in Integrated Photonic Circuits Fabricated by Femtosecond Laser Micromachining
Authors: Ceccarelli Francesco , Atzeni Simone , Pentangelo Ciro , Pellegatta Francesco , Crespi Andrea , Osellame Roberto 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFemtosecond laser writing is a powerful technique that allows rapid and cost‐effective fabrication of photonic integrated circuits with unique 3D geometries. In particular, the possibility to reconfigure such devices by thermo‐optic phase shifters represents a paramount feature, exploited to produce adaptive and programmable circuits. However, the scalability is strongly limited by the flaws of current thermal phase shifters, which require hundreds of milliwatts to operate and exhibit large thermal crosstalk. In this work, thermally‐insulating 3D microstructures are exploited to decrease the power needed to induce a 2π phase shift down to 37 mW and to reduce the crosstalk to a few percent. Further improvement is demonstrated when operating in vacuum, with sub‐milliwatt power dissipation and negligible crosstalk. These results pave the way toward the demonstration of complex programmable integrated photonic circuits fabricated by femtosecond laser writing, thus opening exciting perspectives in integrated quantum photonics.
Hybrid Hydrogel Networks by Photocrosslinking of Thermoresponsive α,ω‐Itaconyl‐PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA Micelles in Water: Influence of the Lithium Phenyl‐2,4,6‐Trimethylbenzoylphosphinate Photoinitinator
Authors: Zahoranova Anna , Vojtova Lucy , Dusicka Eva , Michlovska Lenka , Krivankova Nikola , Baudis Stefan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractModification of thermogelling biodegradable copolymers with functional groups enables further covalent crosslinking of physical micelle‐based hydrogels formed at specific temperature in water. The resulting hybrid hydrogel network exhibits an increase in stiffness and degradation stability. In this work, synthesized well‐defined thermoresponsive α,ω‐itaconyl‐poly(d,l‐lactide‐co‐glycolide)‐b‐poly(ethylene glycol)‐b‐poly(d,l‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) (α,ω‐itaconyl‐PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA) macromonomers with a high degree of itaconyl‐substitution providing free double bonds are photocrosslinked in water at both 25 and 37 °C using lithium phenyl‐2,4,6‐trimethylbenzoylphosphinate (LiTPO) acting as water‐soluble non‐toxic photoinitiator. The effect of LiTPO on the thixotropic behavior of macromonomer in water at 25 °C without irradiation is evaluated. With the addition of a low amount of the photoinitiator (0.1 wt%), the degree of copolymer thixotropy increases. However, further increase in the photoinitiator concentration (0.5–3 wt%) leads to a lower degree of thixotropy. The photoinitiator is presumably interfering with the micellar self‐assembly of the copolymer. This trend is also reflected in photocrosslinking efficiency, where the hybrid hydrogel networks with the highest storage moduli are achieved with very low concentrations of the photoinitiator (0.1 wt%) at 25 °C, while this trend is reversed at 37 °C. The hydrolytic stability of hydrogels prepared at 37 °C from 17 wt% macromonomer solution with 1% LiTPO exceeds 22 days.
Preparation of Giant Polymersomes via Inkjet Printing and Confined Geometry Hydration Applied to Micropipette Aspiration Experiments
Authors: Solis‐Gonzalez Obed Andres , Tse Christopher Chi Wai , Smith Patrick J. , Fairclough John Patrick A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA novel facile approach to creating many localized giant polymersomes (GPs) (vesicles) is developed. This method allows for the easy capture and testing of the bulk properties of the GPs. Inkjet printing is shown to produce vesicles of a non‐ionic block copolymer, poly(ethylene oxide)16‐poly(butylene oxide)22 (E16B22). The printer deposits a polymer solution (i.e., water/glucose/polymer) on a hydrophobic glass slide. Upon drying, glucose is left between polymer lamellar. Subsequent hydration of the sample dissolves glucose, and as a result, a concentration gradient is generated, which provides the energy necessary for separating the neutral polymer layers. After about 2 h in water, GPs are observed and are free of organic solvents. This novel methodology provides for the efficient formation of localized GPs. The distribution of the solution allows for a metered approach to releasing the GPs. This combination facilitates the collection of vesicles for micropipette aspiration experiments.
Hardy spaces for the Dunkl harmonic oscillator
Authors: Hejna Agnieszka 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLet Δ and be the Dunkl Laplacian and the Dunkl harmonic oscillator respectively. We define the Hardy space associated with the Dunkl harmonic oscillator by means of the nontangential maximal function with respect to the semigroup . We prove that the space admits characterizations by relevant Riesz transforms and atomic decompositions. The atoms which occur in the atomic decompositions are of local type.
Frozen‐State Polymerization as a Tool in Conductivity Enhancement of Polypyrrole
Authors: Minisy Islam M. , Bober Patrycja 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPolypyrrole (PPy) is oxidatively polymerized in the frozen state at −24 °C in the presence of various organic dyes as morphology guiding agents in order to form homogeneous 1D PPy nanoforms. The freezing polymerization of pyrrole has a significant influence on the electrical conductivity and thermal stability but negligible influence on the yield compared to widely used room temperature polymerization.
Compact quasi‐Newton preconditioners for symmetric positive definite linear systems
Authors: Bergamaschi Luca , Marín José , Martínez Ángeles 
Published: August 2020

SummaryIn this paper, preconditioners for the conjugate gradient method are studied to solve the Newton system with symmetric positive definite Jacobian. In particular, we define a sequence of preconditioners built by means of Symmetric Rank one (SR1) and Broyden‐Fletcher‐Goldfarb‐Shanno (BFGS) low‐rank updates. We develop conditions under which the SR1 update maintains the preconditioner symmetric positive definite. Spectral analysis of the SR1 preconditioned Jacobians shows an improved eigenvalue distribution as the Newton iteration proceeds. A compact matrix formulation of the preconditioner update is developed which reduces the cost of its application and is more suitable to parallel implementation. Some notes on the implementation of the corresponding Inexact Newton method are given and some numerical results on a number of model problems illustrate the efficiency of the proposed preconditioners.
High accuracy nonconforming biharmonic element over n‐rectangular meshes
Authors: Zhou Xinchen , Meng Zhaoliang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis work gives the high accuracy analysis of a rectangular biharmonic element in arbitrarily high‐dimensional cases. Given an n‐rectangle, we construct the nonconforming finite element and show its explicit standard basis representation. We prove that, if the n‐rectangular mesh is uniform, this element can achieve a second order convergence rate in energy norm when applied to biharmonic problems. Numerical examples for n = 3 are also presented.
Numerical approach to chaotic pattern formation in diffusive predator–prey system with Caputo fractional operator
Authors: Owolabi Kolade M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper is primarily concern with the formulation and analysis of a reliable numerical method based on the novel alternating direction implicit finite difference scheme for the solution of the fractional reaction–diffusion system. In the work, the integer first‐order derivative in time is replaced with the Caputo fractional derivative operator. As a case study, the dynamics of predator–prey model is considered. In order to provide a good guidelines on the correct choice of parameters for the numerical simulation of full fractional reaction–diffusion system, its linear stability analysis is also examined. The resulting scheme is applied to solve both self‐diffusion and cross‐diffusion problems in two‐dimensions. We observed in the experimental results a range of spatiotemporal and chaotic structures that are related to Turing pattern. It was also discovered in the simulations that cross‐diffusive case gives rise to spatial patterns faster than the diffusive case. Apart from chaotic spiral‐like structures obtained in this work, it should also be mentioned that Turing patterns such as stationary spots and stripes are obtainable, depending on the initial and parameters choices.
Primary follicular lymphoma of buccal mucosa: A case report
Authors: Shimada Yasuyuki , Nakamura Fumihiko , Shinozaki‐Ushiku Aya , Igari Toru , Maruoka Yutaka 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFollicular lymphoma (FL) is a non‐Hodgkin lymphoma subtype arising from the neoplastic proliferation of germinal center B‐cells. Typically, FL occurs in the lymph nodes, and its solitary primary manifestation in the oral cavity (OFL) is rare. Here we describe a case of primary FL of the buccal mucosa in a 61‐year‐old woman; the prognosis following treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy was good. A literature review revealed that the oral cavity might be a key organ with high probability of having early‐stage FL. This report highlights the OFL features and importance of proper diagnosis and timely treatment to improve prognosis.
A comparison of trends in opioid dispensing patterns between Medicaid pharmacy claims and prescription drug monitoring program data
Authors: El Ibrahimi Sanae , Hallvik Sara , Johnston Kirbee , Leichtling Gillian , Choo Esther , Hartung Daniel M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposePublic and private payers have implemented benefit limitations to reduce high‐risk opioid prescriptions. The effect of these policies on the increase of out‐pocket payment is unclear. To understand this gap, we compared the discrepancies in trends between opioid prescription fills vs claims among Medicaid beneficiaries.MethodsData from the Oregon Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) and Oregon Medicaid administrative claims were used to identify Medicaid beneficiaries 18 years and older enrolled at least one full month from 2015 to 2017. Generalized linear models assessed the trends in the monthly rates of opioid PDMP prescription fills and pharmacy claims per 1000 eligible members. Rates by morphine equivalent dose (MED) tier (<50, 50‐89, 90‐120, >120 MED) and co‐prescribed opioid and benzodiazepine were also assessed.ResultsDuring the study period, an average of 495 355 Medicaid members had 2 797 054 opioid PDMP fills and 2 472 155 opioid Medicaid pharmacy claims. Study participants had 15.4 (95% confidence interval [CI] 13.6 to 17.0; P < .001) more prescriptions per 1000 member per month in the PDMP data (114.1 [SD 7.4]) compared with the Medicaid claims data (98.7 [SD 7.9]). Similarly, there were 1.9 more co‐occurring opioid/benzodiazepine prescriptions per 1000 members per month observed in the PDMP data than the Medicaid claims data (95% CI 1.7 to 2.1; P < .001). At each MED tier, the PDMP fills were consistently higher than the claims (P < .001).ConclusionsHigher rate of fills in the PDMP compared to pharmacy claims suggests that there may be an increasing trend of out‐of‐pocket payment among Medicaid beneficiaries.
Cold acclimation has a differential effect on leaf vascular bundle structure and carbon export rates in natural Arabidopsis accessions originating from southern and northern Europe
Authors: Schneider Katja , Abazaj Lorena , Niemann Cornelia , Schröder Laura , Nägele Thomas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAcclimation to low but non‐freezing temperature represents an ecologically important process for Arabidopsis thaliana but also for many other plant species from temperate regions. Cold acclimation comprises and affects numerous molecular and physiological processes and the maintenance of sugar supply of sink tissue by photosynthetically active source tissue is essential for plant survival. Here, changes in vascular bundle (VB) structure at the leaf petiole were analysed together with sucrose exudation rates before and after cold acclimation. Six natural Arabidopsis accessions originating from southern and northern Europe were compared. Photosynthetic efficiency, that is, maximum and effective quantum yield of photosystem II, revealed a significant effect of environmental condition. Only for northern accessions was a highly significant negative correlation observed between leaf sucrose exudation rates, xylem, and petiole cross‐sectional areas. Furthermore, only for northern accessions was a significant increase of VB and leaf petiole cross‐sectional area observed during cold acclimation. In contrast, variance of cross‐sectional areas of cold acclimated southern accessions was strongly reduced compared to control plants, while mean areas remained similar under both conditions. In summary, these findings suggest that natural Arabidopsis accessions from northern Europe significantly adjust sink strength and leaf VB structure to maintain plant growth and photosynthesis under low temperature.
Recognition of LD motifs by the focal adhesion targeting domains of focal adhesion kinase and proline‐rich tyrosine kinase 2‐beta: Insights from molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Michael Eleni , Polydorides Savvas , Promponas Vasilis J. , Skourides Paris , Archontis Georgios 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and the proline‐rich tyrosine kinase 2‐beta (PYK2) are implicated in cancer progression and metastasis and represent promising biomarkers and targets for cancer therapy. FAK and PYK2 are recruited to focal adhesions (FAs) via interactions between their FA targeting (FAT) domains and conserved segments (LD motifs) on the proteins Paxillin, Leupaxin, and Hic‐5. A promising new approach for the inhibition of FAK and PYK2 targets interactions of the FAK domains with proteins that promote localization at FAs. Advances toward this goal include the development of surface plasmon resonance, heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance (HSQC‐NMR) and fluorescence polarization assays for the identification of fragments or compounds interfering with the FAK‐Paxillin interaction. We have recently validated this strategy, showing that Paxillin mimicking polypeptides with 2 to 3 LD motifs displace FAK from FAs and block kinase‐dependent and independent functions of FAK, including downstream integrin signaling and FA localization of the protein p130Cas. In the present work we study by all‐atom molecular dynamics simulations the recognition of peptides with the Paxillin and Leupaxin LD motifs by the FAK‐FAT and PYK2‐FAT domains. Our simulations and free‐energy analysis interpret experimental data on binding of Paxillin and Leupaxin LD motifs at FAK‐FAT and PYK2‐FAT binding sites, and assess the roles of consensus LD regions and flanking residues. Our results can assist in the design of effective inhibitory peptides of the FAK‐FAT: Paxillin and PYK2‐FAT:Leupaxin complexes and the construction of pharmacophore models for the discovery of potential small‐molecule inhibitors of the FAK‐FAT and PYK2‐FAT focal adhesion based functions.
Implementation of tripartite estimands using adherence causal estimators under the causal inference framework
Authors: Qu Yongming , Luo Junxiang , Ruberg Stephen J. 
Published: August 2020

SummaryIntercurrent events (ICEs) and missing values are inevitable in clinical trials of any size and duration, making it difficult to assess the treatment effect for all patients in randomized clinical trials. Defining the appropriate estimand that is relevant to the clinical research question is the first step in analyzing data. The tripartite estimands, which evaluate the treatment differences in the proportion of patients with ICEs due to adverse events, the proportion of patients with ICEs due to lack of efficacy, and the primary efficacy outcome for those who can adhere to study treatment under the causal inference framework, are of interest to many stakeholders in understanding the totality of treatment effects. In this manuscript, we discuss the details of how to estimate tripartite estimands based on a causal inference framework and how to interpret tripartite estimates through a phase 3 clinical study evaluating a basal insulin treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes.
Quality control for a detected an appropriate queue from K‐independent M/M/C/N queueing models
Authors: El‐Hadidy Mohamed Abd Allah 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a system of K‐independent Markovian queues such that each one of them has a Poisson arrival process and exponential service time. We assume that every server has some characteristics such as the speed of the service performance or the service cost. To find an appropriate queue, which meets customer needs for the service performance, we present a new approach that gives a suitable decision to choose an appropriate queue from our system. This allows the customer to deal with minimum cost and faster server under steady state. We solve an interesting discrete stochastic optimization problem where the paid cost by the customer is bounded by a Gaussian distribution. Using these hypotheses, we perform a simulation study by generating the paid cost random values and choosing the minimum value between them. This minimum cost gives the highest service rate, which is used to obtain the optimum values of the system effectiveness measures.
Monitoring reliability for a gamma distribution with a double progressive mean control chart
Authors: Alevizakos Vasileios , Koukouvinos Christos 
Published: August 2020

AbstractControl charting technique for time between events (TBE) is very important in high‐yield processes for monitoring reliability. For a regularly maintained system, the interfailure times can be modeled by a gamma distribution. This article proposes a new control chart based on the double progressive mean statistic for monitoring the time between k (≥1) failures of a maintained gamma distributed system (referred as DPM‐TBE chart). The performance of the proposed scheme is measured in terms of the average run‐length (ARL) for the case when the scale parameter is known as well as when it is unknown and is estimated from an in‐control (IC) reference sample. A comparison study with other TBE charts shows that the DPM‐TBE chart is more effective. In addition, the proposed chart is shown to be very robust for large shifts when the true distribution of time between failures is a Weibull or a lognormal. Finally, an illustrative example is given to demonstrate the implementation of the proposed chart.
Why is temperature sensitivity important for the success of common respiratory viruses?
Authors: Eccles Ronald 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThis review explores the idea that temperature sensitivity is an important factor in determining the success of respiratory viruses as human parasites. The review discusses several questions. What is viral temperature sensitivity? At what range of temperatures are common respiratory viruses sensitive? What is the mechanism for their temperature sensitivity? What is the range of temperature along the human airway? What is it that makes respiratory viruses such successful parasites of the human airway? What is the role of temperature sensitivity in respiratory zoonoses? A definition of temperature sensitivity is proposed, as “the property of a virus to replicate poorly or not at all, at the normal body temperature of the host (restrictive temperature), but to replicate well at the lower temperatures found in the upper airway of the host (permissive temperature).” Temperature sensitivity may influence the success of a respiratory virus in several ways. Firstly; by restricting the infection to the upper airways and reducing the chance of systemic infection that may reduce host mobility and increase mortality, and thus limit the spread of the virus. Secondly; by causing a mild upper airway illness with a limited immune response compared to systemic infection, which means that persistent herd immunity does not develop to the same extent as with systemic infections, and re‐infection may occur later. Thirdly; infection of the upper airway triggers local reflex rhinorrhea, coughing and sneezing which aid the exit of the virus from the host and the spread of infection in the community.
Ultrathin VSe2 Nanosheets with Fast Ion Diffusion and Robust Structural Stability for Rechargeable Zinc‐Ion Battery Cathode
Authors: Wu Zeyi , Lu Chengjie , Wang Yanan , Zhang Lin , Jiang Le , Tian Wenchao , Cai Cailing , Gu Qinfen , Sun Zhengming , Hu Linfeng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe realizing of high‐performance rechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) with high energy density and long cycling life is promising but still challenging due to the lack of suitable layered cathode materials. The work reports the excellent zinc‐ion storage performance as‐observed in few‐layered ultrathin VSe2 nanosheets with a two‐step Zn2+ intercalation/de‐intercalation mechanism verified by ex situ X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterizations. The VSe2 nanosheets exhibit a discharge plateau at 1.0–0.7 V, a specific capacity of 131.8 mAh g−1 (at 0.1 A g−1), and a high energy density of 107.3 Wh kg−1 (at a power density of 81.2 W kg−1). More importantly, outstanding cycle stability (capacity retention of 80.8% after 500 cycles) without any activation process is achieved. Such a prominent cyclic stability should be attributed to its fast Zn2+ diffusion kinetics (DZn2+ ≈ 10−8 cm−2 s−1) and robust structural/crystalline stability. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation further reveals a strong metallic characteristic and optimal zinc‐ion diffusion pathway with a hopping energy barrier of 0.91 eV. The present finding implies that 2D ultrathin VSe2 is a very promising cathode material in ZIBs with remarkable battery performance superior to other layered transitional metal dichalcogenides.