bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proposing a new hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approach for road maintenance prioritization
Authors: Sayadinia Shakiba , Beheshtinia Mohammad Ali 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method, by combining the AHP, ELECTRE II, ELECTRE III, ELECTRE IV and Copeland techniques for road maintenance prioritization, in which the roads are evaluated and ranked based on various criteria. The proposed method is applied to four streets in Tehran, as a case study.Design/methodology/approachFirst, a set of criteria for road maintenance was determined and their weights were obtained using the AHP method. Four streets in Tehran, Iran were considered as alternatives and prioritized using the ELECTRE II, ELECTRE III and ELECTRE IV methods. Finally, the results of employing the three methods were integrated using the Copeland method and a final result was obtained.FindingsThe findings of the study suggested that “road safety” is the most important criterion in maintenance and “traffic volume” and “pavement quality index (PCI)” have the second and third rank in importance. Moreover, “The width of the street” is the least important criterion in road maintenance. Additionally, the streets' final ranking was obtained using the proposed method.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed method helps managers effectively assign their limited budget and resources to roads with higher maintenance priority and as the result, increase the roads efficiency.Originality/valueIn this research, eight main criteria were collected using previous researches and experts' opinions. Also, a new combination of different MCDM techniques is proposed in this research.
When does job burnout not hurt employee behaviours?
Authors: Turek Dariusz 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to describe and explain the relationship between job burnout (JB), organisational citizenship behaviours (OCBs) and counterproductive workplace behaviours (CWBs). The job demands-resources theory was applied to test the moderating role of perceived organisational support (POS) in the relationship shared by JB, OCBs and CWBs.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted anonymously on a group of 253 telephone customer support services employees from companies operating in Poland. Moderation analyses for statistical verification were conducted with macro PROCESS version 3.3.FindingsThe research confirmed a significant statistical relationship between JB and all the studied variables: POS, OCBs and CWBs. It may be concluded that JB increases the probability of CWBs and decreases employee readiness for OCBs. When employees experienced POS, a reduction in tendency for counterproductive behaviours was observed, while citizenship behaviours remained unchanged. Thus, it might be concluded that POS levels off the intensity of the influence of JB on employees’ organisational behaviours.Practical implicationsIndividuals who lack enough social resources to perform their job tasks limit their citizenship activity in the workplace within their behavioural strategy (helping, initiative, etc.). In order to protect their resources, they may also display strategies that are destructive for their organisational environment, e.g. incivility or production deviance. In the situations when the organisation and superiors provide employees with support and demonstrate concern for providing comfortable working conditions, such persons, even in the case of perceived emotional exhaustion, maintain a high level of job activity.Originality/valueThe combination of variables presented in the research model explains the significance of the chosen determinants of behaviours that are key from the perspective of the organisation’s effectiveness and market competitiveness. This research extends knowledge pertaining to the relationship between JB and organisational behaviours.
Pickled olives neutralize vicine and convicine glycosides in Vicia faba and protect from favism
Authors: Koriem Khaled M. M. , Arbid Mahmoud S.S. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to evaluate hematological parameters, blood glutathione (GSH), serum glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6-PD) and liver function in favism animals' models after oral intake with a mixture of pickled olives and Vicia faba (V. faba) seeds.

Design/methodology/approach
Favism is a life-threatening hemolytic crisis. It results from the ingestion of V. faba by the individuals. The hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), serum glucose, blood GSH, serum G6-PD, serum thiobarbaturic acid reactive substances (TBARS), liver protein and liver function were evaluated after oral administration with a mixture of pickled olives with V. faba seeds in favism animals' models.

Findings
The favism-, vicine- and convicine-treated animals showed a significant decrease (p < 0.01) in Hb (6.42, 7.23 and 5.96 g/dl), Hct (25.4, 26.4 and 25.1%), RBCs (2.56, 2.45 and 2.60 106 cells/mm3, WBCs (4.35, 4.25 and 4.30 103 cells/mm3), serum glucose (95.8, 97.1 and 96.5 mg/dl), blood GSH (24.7, 26.6 and 23.8 mg/dl), serum G6-PD (15.8, 15.9 and 15.7 U/L), serum aspartate aminotransferase (6.35, 6.59 and 5.97 U/L), alanine aminotransferase (4.49, 4.61 and 4.50 U/L), total protein (6.54, 6.59 and 6.40 g/dl), albumin (3.84, 3.91 and 3.75 g/dl), globulin (2.70, 2.48 and 2.65 g/dl) and liver protein (3.37, 3.10 and 3.42 g/g tissue) but a significant increase (p < 0.01) in serum TBARS (38.7, 38.9 and 39.4 nmol/dl), alkaline phosphatase (275, 271 and 281 U/L) and total bilirubin (0.93, 0.89 and 0.91 mg/dl) compared to Hb (16.3 g/dl), Hct (45.3%), RBCs (5.80 106 cells/mm3), WBCs (9.45 103 cells/mm3), serum glucose (96.5 mg/dl), blood GSH (39.7 mg/dl), serum G6-PD (36.1 U/L), serum TBARS (18.0 nmol/dl), serum aspartate aminotransferase (19.8 U/L), alanine aminotransferase (9.23 U/L), alkaline phosphatase (214 U/L), total bilirubin (0.57 mg/dl), total protein (8.76 g/dl), albumin (4.85 g/dl), globulin (3.91 g/dl) and liver protein (6.28 g/g tissue) in control group. The oral administration with pickled olives + V. faba, pickled olives + vicine and pickled olives + convicine into favism animals' models, vicine-treated animals and convicine-treated animals, respectively pushed all the above-mentioned parameters to near the control levels.

Originality/value
V. faba contains vicine and convicine glycosides. Vicine and convicine glycosides in V. faba are hydrolyzed by intestinal microflora to aglycones divicine and isouramil, respectively. Divicine and isouramil are highly reactive compounds generating free radicals where divicine and isouramil are the main factors of favism. The ß-glucosidase in pickled olives converts both vicine and convicine glycosides into aglycones divicine and isouramil, respectively, in aerobic condition outside the human body (in inactive forms) and prevent these glycosides to cause favism.
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors attenuate cardiac ischaemia–reperfusion injury in rats with diabetes mellitus type 2
Authors: Bradic Jovana , Milosavljevic Isidora , Bolevich Stefani , Litvitskiy Peter F , Jeremic Nevena , Bolevich Sergey , Zivkovic Vladimir , Srejovic Ivan , Jeremic Jovana , Jovicic Nemanja , Mitrovic Slobodanka , Jakovljevic Vladimir 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe aim of our study was to assess and compare the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors, saxagliptin and sitagliptin, on metabolic control of disease and cardiac function in rats with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM). This research would provide novel understanding into the potentially protective effects of DPP4 inhibitors in helping salvage of the heart exposed to ischaemia–reperfusion (I–R) injury. Forty‐eight Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups: CTRL, Control healthy group; T2DM, rats with T2DM; T2DM + Sit, rats with T2DM treated with 0.6 mg/kg of sitagliptin; T2DM + Sax, rats with T2DM treated with 0.45 mg/kg of saxagliptin for 3 weeks. At the end of the protocol, in vivo cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography, while in the blood samples glucose and insulin were determined. Additionally, ex vivo heart function was estimated on a model of I–R injury using Langendorff apparatus. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to determine the degree of myocardial apoptosis and necrosis, while DPP4 staining was performed to assess the cardiac DPP4 expression. Data were analyzed using a one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the post hoc Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons. Improved glycoregulation was noticed in rats that received DPP4 inhibitors compared to untreated diabetic rats (P < .05). Moreover, better in vivo systolic function was observed in rats treated with both DPP4 inhibitors as evidenced by an increase in fractional shortening when compared to T2DM (P < .05). Most parameters of cardiac function in treated rats remained unaltered during reperfusion, thus suggesting that both drugs protected myocardium during flow restoration. Better effects on coronary circulation were achieved after sitagliptin application. Additionally, both DPP4 inhibitors showed similar potential to attenuate cardiac necrosis and apoptosis. Saxagliptin and sitagliptin might be efficient in preserving myocardial function and morphology in ex vivo induced I‐R cardiac injury in rats with T2DM.
Monochloramine effects on gallbladder contractility
Authors: Hernández‐Moreno David , Morales Sara , Camello‐Almaraz Cristina , Pozo María J. , Camello Pedro J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDigestive inflammatory processes induce motility alterations associated with an increase in reactive oxygen species production, including monochloramine (NH2Cl). The aim of the study was to characterize the effects of the naturally occurring oxidant monochloramine in the guinea pig gallbladder. We used standard in vitro contractility technique to record guinea pig gallbladder strips contractions. NH2Cl caused a concentration‐dependent contraction which was reduced by inhibition of extracellular Ca2+ influx and tyrosine kinase pathways. The PKC antagonist GF109203X also reduced the response but not after previous tyrosine kinase inhibition, suggesting that PKC is activated by tyrosine kinase activity. The NH2Cl contractile effect was also reduced by inhibitors of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK), nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2 and cyclooxygenase. In addition, NH2Cl impaired the responses to CCK, tissue depolarization and electrical field stimulation. In conclusion, we present new evidence that monochloramine impairs not only the gallbladder response to CCK but also to membrane depolarization and nervous plexus stimulation, and that tyrosine kinase, PKC, MAPK and NO pathways are involved in the contractile direct effect of monochloramine.
Replacing Corporate Income Tax with a Cash Flow Tax
Authors: Garnaut Ross , Emerson Craig , Finighan Reuben , Anthony Stephen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe design a parsimonious cash flow tax for Australia and estimate revenue effects. It allows immediate deduction of all capital expenditures, denies deductions of interest payments, and compensates negative cash flows at the same rate and time as it taxes positive cash flows. It allows taxpayer timing choice on implementation over 10 years. It has incentive effects comparable to lowering the corporate income tax rate to zero. It removes distortions that artificially favour debt over equity, short‐ over long‐term investments, rents over competitive returns, large, established over small and new businesses, and conventional over innovative investments. It closes international tax evasion loopholes. Its spur to investment and timing of revenue impacts favours implementation in recession.
Polyploid engineering by increasing mutant gene dosage in yeasts
Authors: Fukuda Nobuo , Honda Shinya , Fujiwara Maki , Yoshimura Yuko , Nakamura Tsutomu 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThe yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, widely used for ethanol production, is one of the best‐understood biological systems. Diploid strains of S. cerevisiae are preferred for industrial use due to the better fermentation efficiency, in terms of vitality and endurance as compared to those of haploid strains. Whole‐genome duplications is known to promote adaptive mutations in microorganisms, and allelic variations considerably contribute to the product composition in ethanol fermentation. Although fermentation can be regulated using various strains of yeast, it is quite difficult to make fine adjustment of each component in final products. In this study, we demonstrate the use of polyploids with varying gene dosage (the number of copies of a particular gene present in a genome) in the regulation of ethanol fermentation. Ethyl caproate is one of the major flavouring agents in a Japanese alcoholic beverage called sake. A point mutation in FAS2 encoding the α subunit of fatty acid synthetase induces an increase in the amount of caproic acid, a precursor of ethyl caproate. Using the FAS2 as a model, we generated and evaluated yeast strains with varying mutant gene dosage. We demonstrated the possibility to increase mutant gene dosage via loss of heterozygosity in diploid and tetraploid strains. Productivity of ethyl caproate gradually increased with mutant gene dosage among tetraploid strains. This approach can potentially be applied to a variety of yeast strain development via growth‐based screening.
Maternity care for refugees living in Greek refugee camps: What are the challenges to provision?
Authors: Scott Hannah M. , Wallis Nicola 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundOver a two‐year period between 2015 and 2016, unprecedented numbers of people arrived in Greece fleeing conflict, persecution, and poverty. With new arrivals every day, there is a significant unmet need for health care provision, posing a challenge to the Greek Healthcare System. For pregnant refugees, a known vulnerable group, this has resulted in a complex partnership of shared maternity care between humanitarian organizations, the Greek national health care system, and European multi‐state initiatives. Our aim was to understand the challenges to providing maternity care services in Greek refugee camps as perceived by health care providers.MethodsA qualitative study comprising observation and semi‐structured interviews with health care providers working with pregnant refugees was conducted in five refugee camps in May 2017. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed with thematic coding.ResultsTwenty‐one health care providers were interviewed and field notes taken from observational study of services in five refugee camps. Health care providers describe difficult cross‐cultural communication to be their biggest challenge to caring for pregnant refugee women. The limited availability of female only safe spaces is also identified as a barrier. Lastly, the overburdened Greek public health system limits their ability to provide care.ConclusionsOur research supports other literature describing difficult communication and the overburdened Greek health system as significant health care barriers for pregnant refugees in Greece. There is limited literature examining the role of “safe space,” and further research is needed. Stakeholders providing maternity care to refugees should look to tackle these key issues as they seek to provide care to this population.
The potential diversity of vegetative compatibility types in the population of Cryphonectria parasitica in Turkey
Authors: Erincik Birsen Geçioğlu , Erincik Ömer , Açıkgöz Serap 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe diversity of vegetative compatibility (vc) types of chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, has been reported to be very low in all of Turkey, except in the eastern Black Sea Region. However, risk for increase in vc type diversity has been pointed out regarding the emergence of new vc types as recombinants during sexual reproduction. In this study, the potential increase in the diversity of vc types in Turkish populations of C. parasitica was demonstrated by experimental mating crosses between the two dominant vc types, EU‐1 and EU‐12. Two local isolates of C. parasitica, K5‐5 (EU‐1) and A‐2490 (EU‐12), were used setting crosses on autoclaved chestnut wood. Among the offspring from the crosses, two parental (EU‐1 and EU‐12) and 14 non‐parental vc types (EU‐2, EU‐3, EU‐4, EU‐7, EU‐8, EU‐11, EU‐14, EU‐17, EU‐22, EU‐25, EU‐26, EU‐28, EU‐29 and EU‐30) were detected by a routine test based on co‐culturing. Sixteen vc genotypes were confirmed by a PCR assay using specific primers targeting the alleles of six vic loci in C. parasitica. In field studies, no evidence of new vc types as recombinants was found in western Turkey whereas 14 different vc types were detected among single ascospore isolates isolated from field‐collected perithecia, which were sampled from the eastern Black Sea region. The results of this study indicate that the potential increase in vc type diversity in Turkish population of C. parasitica is high under the conditions where C. parasitica reproduces sexually.
First report ofLecanosticta acicolaon pine and non‐pine hosts in Turkey
Authors: Oskay Funda , Laas Marili , Mullett Martin , Lehtijärvi Asko , Doğmuş‐Lehtijärvi Hatice Tuğba , Woodward Steve , Drenkhan Rein 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBrown spot needle blight, caused byLecanosticta acicola, is a serious disease of pines worldwide and has become of great concern in Europe over the last decade, with significantly increased outbreaks in pine forests. We examined native and non‐native Pinaceae taxa (fourCedrusand 24Pinus) in the Atatürk Arboretum, Istanbul, Turkey, for the presence ofL. acicola. Needles were sampled from 37 trees at least twice between March 2017 and July 2018. Symptomatic occurrence of the disease was confirmed by isolations, followed by molecular identification via sequencing of the ITS region.Lecanosticta acicolawas isolated from symptomatic needles of 10 trees from seven host taxa (Cedrusand sixPinus). Molecular diagnostics of isolates confirmed the identification ofL. acicolaonCedrus libani,Pinus sylvestris,P. nigrasubsp.nigra,P. nigrasubsp.laricio,P. nigrasubsp.pallasiana,P. nigrasubsp.pallasianavar.fastigiataandP. nigrasubsp.pallasianavar.pallasianaf.şenerianain the arboretum.This paper is the first report ofL. acicolaonC. libaniand also the first report of the pathogen infecting a genus other than aPinusspp. under natural conditions. Additionally, it is also the first report ofL. acicolaoccurring in Turkey. The pathogen was clearly able to cause severe damage on native TurkishPinustaxa, includingP. sylvestrisandP. nigrasubsp.pallasiana, and endangered endemic forms of the host in Turkey.
Multidecadal changes in fish growth rates estimated from tagging data: A case study from the Eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua, Gadidae)
Authors: Mion Monica , Haase Stefanie , Hemmer‐Hansen Jakob , Hilvarsson Annelie , Hüssy Karin , Krüger‐Johnsen Maria , Krumme Uwe , McQueen Kate , Plikshs Maris , Radtke Krzysztof , Schade Franziska Maria , Vitale Francesca , Casini Michele 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLong time series of reliable individual growth estimates are crucial for understanding the status of a fish stock and deciding upon appropriate management. Tagging data provide valuable information about fish growth, and are especially useful when age‐based growth estimates and stock assessments are compromised by age‐determination uncertainties. However, in the literature there is a lack of studies assessing possible changes in growth over time using tagging data. Here, data from tagging experiments performed in the Baltic Sea between 1971 and 2019 were added to those previously analysed for 1955–1970 to build the most extensive tagging dataset available for Eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua, Gadidae), a threatened stock with severe age‐determination problems. Two length‐based methods, the GROTAG model (based on the von Bertalanffy growth function) and a Generalized Additive Model, were used to assess for the first time the potential long‐term changes in cod growth using age‐independent data. Both methods showed strong changes in growth with an increase until the end of the 1980s (8.6–10.6 cm/year for a 40 cm cod depending on the model) followed by a sharp decline. This study also revealed that the current growth of cod is the lowest observed in the past 7 decades (4.3–5.1 cm/year for a 40 cm cod depending on the model), indicating very low productivity. This study provides the first example of the use of tagging data to estimate multidecadal changes in growth rates in wild fish. This methodology can also be applied to other species, especially in those cases where severe age‐determination problems exist.
Critical language awareness and L2 learners of Spanish: An action‐research study
Authors: Quan Tracy 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis action‐research study describes a course that emphasized critical language awareness (CLA)—an understanding of how language intersects with identity and power—for additional language (L2) learners of Spanish. As L2 learners have been shown to reproduce racist and monolingual discourses, educating them to recognize and question language ideologies are crucial. First, this paper explores the current state of Spanish language curricula in the United States and how CLA is a necessary, yet missing, component of L2 Spanish instruction. Second, the article describes a course that integrated critical service learning, structured reflection, and CLA to encourage participants to reflect on their beliefs about Spanish, bilingualism, and Hispanics in the United States. Next, survey and written reflection data are presented and analyzed to investigate how participating in a critically oriented course develops L2 Spanish learners' CLA.
The effect of dentin age on the microshear bond strength and microleakage of glass‐ionomer cements
Authors: Techa‐ungkul Chutima , Sakoolnamarka Rangsima 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the microshear bond strength (µSBS) and microleakage of glass‐ionomer cements when bonded to aged and young dentin.BackgroundGlass‐ionomer cement (GIC) is frequently used to restore root caries in elders. Many studies of GIC have been conducted using young dentin; however, few studies have assessed adhesion and microleakage of GICs to aged dentin.Materials and methodsSeventy‐eight non‐carious human molars (patient age 16‐30 = 39; patient age ≥ 65 = 39) were tested with three GICs (Fuji II LC, Equia Forte Fil and Fuji BULK). For µSBS, teeth were horizontally sectioned, embedded in resin and three tubes attached to the sectioned surface. Materials were mixed and injected into the tubes, allowed to set and the tubes removed leaving the GIC cylinders. Specimens were stored in deionised water for 24 hours and tested in a universal testing machine. For microleakage, a buccocervical cavity was prepared, restored with GIC and stored in deionised water. The specimens were polished, coated with varnish, placed in 0.5% basic fuchsin for 24 hours, sectioned at the midpoint and evaluated for microleakage under a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope.ResultsFor µSBS, Fuji II LC showed the highest bond strength among three products. There was no significant difference between age groups. (P = .93) For microleakage, Fuji II LC had more dye penetration (P < .01) and there was significant difference between age groups.ConclusionAfter bonding of GICs, aged dentin showed no difference in µSBS but less microleakage when compared to young dentin.