bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuned inerter dampers with linear hysteretic damping
Authors: Deastra Predaricka , Wagg David , Sims Neil , Akbar Mahesa 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThis paper explores the influence of linear hysteretic damping on the performance of passive tuned‐inerter devices. An inerter is a device that produces a force proportional to the relative acceleration across its two terminals; devices incorporating inerters have received widespread attention in the earthquake engineering community, because they offer the ability to improve the seismic response of structures. However, the majority of this research has assumed that the damping components within the tuned‐inerter device exhibit viscous, rather than hysteretic, damping. This restriction imposes an essential question on how the hysteretic damping model will change the performance of the device compared with the viscous damping model. It is shown that the response of viscous and hysteretic inerter systems have significant differences in displacement amplitude due to the frequency dependency of the damping. Therefore, a new formulation for obtaining the optimum loss factor of the hysteretic damping in the inerter system is proposed. Next, the challenges associated with accurately predicting the time‐response of a hysteretically damped system are discussed. A numerical time‐integration method is extended to address these challenges, using a new formulation that has the benefit of being broadly applicable to multidegree‐of‐freedom hysteretic linear systems and nonstationary random signals. The results show that the earthquake responses from the hysteretic damping model can differ significantly from the ones obtained via the viscous model.
What to Survey? A Systematic Review of the Choice of Biological Groups in Assessing Ecological Impacts of Metals in Running Waters
Authors: Namba Hiroki , Iwasaki Yuichi , Heino Jani , Matsuda Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Which biological groups (in the present study, periphyton, macroinvertebrates, and fishes) are surveyed is a fundamental question in environmental impact assessment programs in metal-contaminated rivers. We performed a systematic review of 202 studies that investigated the ecological impacts of metal contamination on aquatic populations and communities in streams and rivers to examine 1) which biological groups were surveyed, 2) whether their responses were correlated with each other, and 3) which biological group was most responsive to changes in metal contamination level. In these studies, published from 1991 to 2015, benthic macroinvertebrates were most frequently chosen throughout the period (59–76% in different 5-yr periods), followed by periphyton and fishes, and the number of studies that surveyed at least 2 or 3 biological groups was very limited (10%). Pearson's correlation coefficients calculated between the metrics of different biological groups were often low, emphasizing the importance of investigating multiple biological groups to better understand the responses of aquatic communities to metal contamination in running waters. Despite the limited data collected, our meta-analysis showed that, in most cases, biological metrics based on macroinvertebrates were more responsive to changes in metal contamination level than those based on periphyton or fishes. This finding suggests that benthic macroinvertebrates could be a reasonable choice to detect the ecological impacts of metal contamination on a local scale. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1964–1972. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Abstract
Which biological groups (periphyton, macroinvertebrates, or fishes) are surveyed is a fundamental question in environmental impact assessment programs in metal-contaminated rivers.
Physicochemical and functional properties of dried okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) seed flour
Authors: Ofori Jemima , Tortoe Charles , Agbenorhevi Jacob K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe physicochemical and functional properties of dried okra seed flour of two genotypes Agbagoma and Balabi were evaluated. The samples Agbagoma and Balabi had 8.90%–9.00% moisture, 16.80%–17.40% protein, 47.80%–48.00% fat, 7.70%–7.80% ash, and 18.20%–18.40% carbohydrate. The mean values of functional properties revealed significant differences (p < .05) between okra seed flour samples studied. The samples’ bulk density range was 0.80–0.83 g/ml. Water absorption capacity and oil absorption capacity ranged from 511.65% to 504.32% and 88.38 to 160.67%, respectively. The solubility was 14.10% for Agbagoma and 10.97% for Balabi, whereas swelling power was 16.37% and 14.68% for Agbagoma and Balabi, respectively. All pasting properties except peak time and pasting temperature of Agbagoma seed flour were higher than those of Balabi seed flour. The study revealed that dried okra seed flour is rich in nutrients, which could be used for baking and fortification of foods.
MiR‐125b Loss Activated HIF1α/pAKT Loop, Leading to Transarterial Chemoembolization Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wei Xiyang , Zhao Lei , Ren Ruizhe , Ji Fubo , Xue Shuting , Zhang Jianjuan , Liu Zhaogang , Ma Zhao , Wang Xin W. , Wong Linda , Liu Niya , Shi Jiong , Guo Xing , Roessler Stephanie , Zheng Xin , Ji Junfang 
Published: July 2020

Background and Aims
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a standard locoregional therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with a variable overall response in efficacy. We aimed to identify key molecular signatures and related pathways leading to HCC resistance to TACE, with the hope of developing effective approaches in preselecting patients with survival benefit from TACE.

Approach and Results
Four independent HCC cohorts with 680 patients were used. MicroRNA (miRNA) transcriptome analysis in patients with HCC revealed a 41‐miRNA signature related to HCC recurrence after adjuvant TACE, and miR‐125b was the top reduced miRNA in patients with HCC recurrence. Consistently, patients with HCC with low miR‐125b expression in tumor had significantly shorter time to recurrence following adjuvant TACE in two independent cohorts. Loss of miR‐125b in HCC noticeably activated the hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha subunit (HIF1α)/pAKT loop in vitro and in vivo. miR‐125b directly attenuated HIF1α translation through binding to HIF1A internal ribosome entry site region and targeting YB‐1, and blocked an autocrine HIF1α/platelet‐derived growth factor β (PDGFβ)/pAKT/HIF1α loop of HIF1α translation by targeting the PDGFβ receptor. The miR‐125b‐loss/HIF1α axis induced the expression of CD24 and erythropoietin (EPO) and enriched a TACE‐resistant CD24‐positive cancer stem cell population. Consistently, patients with high CD24 or EPO in HCC had poor prognosis following adjuvant TACE therapy. Additionally, in patients with HCC having TACE as their first‐line therapy, high EPO in blood before TACE was also noticeably related to poor response to TACE.

Conclusions
MiR‐125b loss activated the HIF1α/pAKT loop, contributing to HCC resistance to TACE and the key nodes in this axis hold the potential in assisting patients with HCC to choose TACE therapy.
Coronavirus disease 2019: Knowledge, attitude, and practice of pregnant women in a tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, southeast Nigeria
Authors: Anikwe Chidebe C. , Ogah Christian O. , Anikwe Ifeyinwa H. , Okorochukwu Bartholomew C. , Ikeoha Cyril C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of antenatal attendees towards COVID‐19 in Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was carried out among 430 consenting pregnant women attending antenatal clinics between March 1 and May 30, 2020, using pretested questionnaires.ResultsThe mean age and mean gestational age of the respondents were 30.04 years (95% confidence interval [CI] 28.9–31.1) and 26.3 weeks (95% CI 23.3–29.3), respectively. More than four‐fifths (82%) of the women believed that COVID‐19 is real and their main source of information was mass media. The majority had adequate knowledge of COVID‐19. More than half of the respondents said COVID‐19 is a curable disease and that chloroquine can be used. The majority showed a good attitude and preventive practice of COVID‐19 disease; however, one‐fourth (24%) thought that infected individuals should be killed to prevent the spread of the virus.ConclusionThe study population has good knowledge, attitude, and practice of COVID‐19 disease. However, it is worrisome that some respondents thought that infected individuals should be killed. Proper education must be given to the populace to avert these negative attitudes while promoting a positive preventive attitude.The study population has adequate knowledge, good attitude, and preventive practice of COVID‐19; however, community education is needed to reduce anxiety among the populace.
Raman spectroscopy‐based detection of RNA viruses in saliva: A preliminary report
Authors: Desai Sanket , Mishra Saket V. , Joshi Asim , Sarkar Debashmita , Hole Arti , Mishra Rohit , Dutt Shilpee , Chilakapati Murali K. , Gupta Sudeep , Dutt Amit 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSeveral non‐invasive Raman spectroscopy‐based assays have been reported for rapid and sensitive detection of pathogens. We developed a novel statistical model for the detection of RNA viruses in saliva, based on an unbiased selection of a set of 65 Raman spectral features that mostly attribute to the RNA moieties, with a prediction accuracy of 91.6% (92.5% sensitivity and 88.8% specificity). Furthermore, to minimize variability and automate the downstream analysis of the Raman spectra, we developed a GUI‐based analytical tool “RNA Virus Detector (RVD).” This conceptual framework to detect RNA viruses in saliva could form the basis for field application of Raman Spectroscopy in managing viral outbreaks, such as the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic. (http://www.actrec.gov.in/pi-webpages/AmitDutt/RVD/RVD.html).
Influence of nano‐hydroxyapatite coating implants on gene expression of osteogenic markers andmicro‐CTparameters. An in vivo study in diabetic rats
Authors: de Oliveira Paula Gabriela Faciola Pessôa , de Melo Soares Mariana Sales , Silveira e Souza Adriana Maria Mariano , Taba Jr Mário , Palioto Daniela Bazan , Messora Michel Reis , Ghiraldini Bruna , Nunes Felipe Anderson de Sousa , de Souza Sérgio Luís Scombatti 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study evaluated the response of a nano‐hydroxyapatite coating implant through gene expression analysis (runt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), alkaline phosphatase (Alp), osteopontin (Opn), osteocalcin (Oc), receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B (Rank), receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand (Rank‐L), and osteoprotegerin (Opg)). Three‐dimensional evaluation (percent bone volume (BV/TV); percent intersection surface (BIC); bone surface/volume ratio (BS/BV); and total porosity (To.Po)) were also analyzed. Mini implants were surgically placed in tibias of both healthy and diabetic rats. The animals were euthanized at 7 and 30 days. Evaluating all factors the relative expression of Rank showed that NANO surface presented the best results at 7 days (diabetic rats). Furthermore the levels of Runx2, Alp, Oc, and Opn suggest an increase in osteoblasts proliferation, especially in early stages of osseointegration. %BIC in healthy and diabetic (7 days) depicted statistically significant differences for NANO group. BV/TV, BS/BV and To.Po demonstrated higher values for NANO group in all evaluated time point and irrespective of systemic condition, but BS/BV 30 days (healthy rat) and 7 and 30 days (diabetic rat). Microtomographic and gene expression analyses have shown the benefits of nano‐hydroxyapatite coated implants in promoting new bone formation in diabetic rats.
Modulating local S1P receptor signaling as a regenerative immunotherapy after volumetric muscle loss injury
Authors: Hymel Lauren A. , Ogle Molly E. , Anderson Shannon E. , San Emeterio Cheryl L. , Turner Thomas C. , York William Y. , Liu Alan Y. , Olingy Claire E. , Sridhar Sraeyes , Lim Hong Seo , Sulchek Todd , Qiu Peng , Jang Young C. , Willett Nick J. , Botchwey Edward A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRegeneration of skeletal muscle after volumetric injury is thought to be impaired by a dysregulated immune microenvironment that hinders endogenous repair mechanisms. Such defects result in fatty infiltration, tissue scarring, chronic inflammation, and debilitating functional deficits. Here, we evaluated the key cellular processes driving dysregulation in the injury niche through localized modulation of sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) receptor signaling. We employ dimensionality reduction and pseudotime analysis on single cell cytometry data to reveal heterogeneous immune cell subsets infiltrating preclinical muscle defects due to S1P receptor inhibition. We show that global knockout of S1P receptor 3 (S1PR3) is marked by an increase of muscle stem cells within injured tissue, a reduction in classically activated relative to alternatively activated macrophages, and increased bridging of regenerating myofibers across the defect. We found that local S1PR3 antagonism via nanofiber delivery of VPC01091 replicated key features of pseudotime immune cell recruitment dynamics and enhanced regeneration characteristic of global S1PR3 knockout. Our results indicate that local S1P receptor modulation may provide an effective immunotherapy for promoting a proreparative environment leading to improved regeneration following muscle injury.
Are the Relationships of Lean Mass and Fat Mass With Bone Microarchitecture Causal or Due to Familial Confounders? A Novel Study of Adult Female Twin Pairs
Authors: Bui Minh , Zebaze Roger , Li Shuai , Hopper John L , Bjørnerem Åshild 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTIt is not known whether the relationships of lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM) with bone microarchitecture and geometry are causal and/or are because of confounders, including familial confounders arising from genetic and environment effects shared by relatives. We tested the hypotheses that: (i) LM is associated with cortical bone traits, (ii) FM is associated with trabecular bone traits, and (iii) these relationships of LM and FM with bone microarchitecture and geometry have a causal component. Total body composition was quantified for 98 monozygotic (MZ) and 54 dizygotic (DZ) white female twin pairs aged 31 to 77 years. Microarchitecture at the distal tibia and distal radius was quantified using HRpQCT and StrAx software. We applied the Inference about Causation through Examination of FAmiliaL CONfounding (ICE FALCON) method. Within‐individuals, distal tibia total bone area, cortical area, cortical thickness, and trabecular number were positively associated with LM (standardized regression coefficient (β) = 0.13 to 0.43; all p < 0.05); porosity of the inner transitional zone (ITZ) was negatively associated with LM (β = −0.22; p < 0.01). Trabecular number was positively associated with FM (β = 0.40; p < 0.001), and trabecular thickness was negatively associated with FM (β = −0.27; p < 0.001). For porosity of ITZ and trabecular number, the cross‐pair cross‐trait association with LM was significant before and after adjustment for the within‐individual association with LM (all ps < 0.05). For trabecular number, the cross‐pair cross‐trait association with FM was significant before and after adjustment for the within‐individual association with FM (p < 0.01). There were no significant changes in these cross‐pair cross‐trait associations after adjustment for the within‐individual association (p = 0.06 to 0.99). Similar results were found for distal radius measures. We conclude that there was no evidence that the relationships of LM and FM with bone microarchitecture and geometry are causal; they must in part due to by familial confounders affecting both bone architecture and body composition. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The reliability of a breath‐hold protocol to determine cerebrovascular reactivity in adolescents
Authors: Koep Jodie L. , Barker Alan R. , Banks Rhys , Banger Rohit R. , Sansum Kate M. , Weston Max E. , Bond Bert 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeCerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is impaired in adolescents with cardiovascular disease risk factors. A breath‐hold test is a noninvasive method of assessing CVR, yet there are no reliability data of this outcome in youth. This study aimed to assess the reliability of a breath‐hold protocol to measure CVR in adolescents.MethodsTwenty‐one 13 to 15 year old adolescents visited the laboratory on two separate occasions, to assess the within‐test, within‐day and between‐day reliability of a breath‐hold protocol, consisting of three breath‐hold attempts. CVR was defined as the relative increase from baseline in middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity following a maximal breath‐hold of up to 30 seconds, quantified via transcranial Doppler ultrasonography.ResultsMean breath‐hold duration and CVR were never significantly correlated (r< .31,P> .08). The within‐test coefficient of variation for CVR was 15.2%, with no significant differences across breath‐holds (P= .88), so the three breath‐hold attempts were averaged for subsequent analyses. The within‐ and between‐day coefficients of variation for CVR were 10.8% and 15.3%, respectively.ConclusionsCVR assessed via a three breath‐hold protocol can be reliably measured in adolescents, yielding similar within‐ and between‐day reliability. Analyses revealed that breath‐hold length and CVR were unrelated, indicating the commonly reported normalization of CVR to breath‐hold duration (breath‐hold index) may be unnecessary in youth.
Stress and coping strategies in pediatric dental residents
Authors: Silverstein Sarah T. , Tanbonliong Thomas , Kritz‐Silverstein Donna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurpose/objectivesThis study examines the amount and sources of stress, as well as coping strategies, exercise, and alcohol use, among pediatric dental residents in the United States.MethodsOne hundred fifty pediatric dental residents (n = 76 postgraduate year [PGY] 1; n = 74 PGY2) in 2‐year residency programs responded to an anonymous survey that included demographic questions, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Graduate Dental Environment Stress Scale (GDES), Tactics For Coping With Stress Inventory, and questions about alcohol consumption and exercise.ResultsStress scores were moderate (mean PSS = 16.7 ± 7.1; GDES = 61.7 ± 16.0). The largest sources of stress were research requirements, program/clinic issues, and finances. There were no significant differences in amount and sources of stress between PGY1 and PGY2 residents (P ≥ 0.10). Residents from western programs (based on AAPD districts) reported less stress than those in other areas (PSS, P = 0.04; GDES, P = 0.09). Number of negative coping tactics used was positively correlated (PPS, P < 0.0001; GDES, P = 0.0004), while number of positive coping tactics was negatively correlated (PSS, P < 0.0001; GDES, P = 0.0008) with stress scores. Younger residents (< 30yrs) used more coping tactics than older residents (P = 0.0002). Hospital‐based residents used more negative coping tactics than those in university‐based and combined programs (P = 0.05). Residents exercising > 150 min/wk had lower PSS (P = 0.03) and GDES (P = 0.09) scores. Alcohol consumption was unrelated to stress scores.Conclusion(s)Amount and sources of stress do not differ by residency year. Residents utilizing positive coping strategies and exercising had lower stress than those using negative coping strategies. Pediatric dental residency programs should educate and encourage residents to use positive coping strategies and exercise.
Global Research Alliance N2O chamber methodology guidelines: Design considerations
Authors: Clough Timothy J. , Rochette Philippe , Thomas Steve M. , Pihlatie Mari , Christiansen Jesper R. , Thorman Rachel E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTerrestrial ecosystems, both natural ecosystems and agroecosystems, generate greenhouse gases (GHGs). The chamber method is the most common method to quantify GHG fluxes from soil–plant systems and to better understand factors affecting their generation and mitigation. The objective of this study was to review and synthesize literature on chamber designs (non‐flow‐through, non‐steady‐state chamber) and associated factors that affect GHG nitrous oxide (N2O) flux measurement when using chamber methods. Chamber design requires consideration of many facets that include materials, insulation, sealing, venting, depth of placement, and the need to maintain plant growth and activity. Final designs should be tailored, and bench tested, in order to meet the nuances of the experimental objectives and the ecosystem under study while reducing potential artifacts. Good insulation, to prevent temperature fluctuations and pressure changes, and a high‐quality seal between base and chamber are essential. Elimination of pressure differentials between headspace and atmosphere through venting should be performed, and designs now exist to eliminate Venturi effects of earlier tube‐type vent designs. The use of fans within the chamber headspace increases measurement precision but may alter the flux. To establish best practice recommendations when using fans, further data are required, particularly in systems containing tall plants, to systematically evaluate the effects that fan speed, position, and mixing rate have on soil gas flux.
Multiple list coloring of 3‐choice critical graphs
Authors: Xu Rongxing , Zhu Xuding 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA graph is called 3‐choice critical if is not 2‐choosable but any proper subgraph is 2‐choosable. A characterization of 3‐choice critical graphs was given by Voigt in 1998. Voigt conjectured that if is a bipartite 3‐choice critical graph, then is ‐choosable for every integer . This conjecture was disproved by Meng et al. in 2017. They showed that if where have the same parity and , or with , then is bipartite 3‐choice critical, but not (4,2)‐choosable. On the other hand, all the other bipartite 3‐choice critical graphs are (4,2)‐choosable. This paper strengthens the result of Meng, Puleo and Zhu and show that all the other bipartite 3‐choice critical graphs are ‐choosable for every integer .