bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early cervical cancer recurred with uterine fundus metastasis after laparoscopic fertility-sparing surgery: A case report
Authors: shen yuanming , Wan Xiaoyun , Liu Jihong , Xie Xing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Recently, the safety of minimally invasive radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer caused widespread controversy. The value of minimally invasive fertility-sparing surgery for early stage cervical cancer is still lacking evidence of randomized controlled trial (RCT).Methods: Here we present a case of stage IB3 (FIGO2018) cervical carcinoma undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus laparoscopic radical trachelectomy (A clinical trial NCT02624531) because of strongly desiring to preserve the fertility. Nine months after the initial treatment, the patient was presented with a uterine fundus mass and elevated serum squamous cell antigen (SCC Ag) and OC125 antigen (CA125).Results: Cervical cancer uterine fundus involvement may occur with advanced tumor stage. Early stage cervical cancer relapsed with a uterine fundus metastasis after laparoscopic radical trachelectomy is exceptionally rare. The patient was treated and cured by a radical hysterectomy. Post-operative pathology confirmed an isolated implanted squamous cell carcinoma in uterine fundus and no previous surgical margins and endometria were involved.Conclusions: This firstly reported case indicates that the safety of laparoscopic radical trachelectomy is still uncertain for advanced stage cervical cancer even if neoadjuvant and post-surgery chemotherapy is given, and also suggests that it is needed to discuss carefully the benefit and risk of such a strategy with the patient when the fertility preservation is considered.
Phenotypic clusters and survival analyses in interstitial pneumonia with myositis-specific autoantibodies
Authors: Li Yihua , Yu Shiwen , Fan Yali , Wu Na , Wang Yiran , Ye Qiao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Interstitial pneumonia (IP) is one of the common pulmonary complications of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM), among which myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs) are specific for diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of IIM. However, IP patients with MSAs (MSA-IP) have not been well described. The study aimed to explore the phenotypic clusters and prognosis of MSA-IP patients.

Methods

A total of 124 MSA-IP patients were prospectively enrolled for analysis. Serum MSAs were detected using immunoprecipitation. Radiographic patterns of IP were determined according to the classification of idiopathic IPs. Clusters of MSA-IP patients were identified using cluster analysis. Potential risk factors for acute-onset disease and short-term prognoses were also analysed.

Results

There were four clusters of MSA-IP patients. Cluster 1 patients were elderly with chronic onset and a usual interstitial pneumonia pattern on computed tomography. Cluster 2 patients were all positive for anti-aminoacyl-tRNA antibodies, were predominantly female and had frequent respiratory symptoms. Patients in cluster 3 showed multi-system involvement with a nonspecific interstitial pneumonia pattern. Patients in cluster 4 had severe respiratory symptoms with anti-MDA5 antibodies. The patients in cluster 3 (OR 6.682, 95% CI 1.560–28.622, P =0.011) and cluster 4 (OR 6.057, 95% CI 1.715–21.388, P =0.005) were susceptible to acute-onset disease. The patients in cluster 4 were prone to disease progression (HR 2.711, 95% CI 1.128–6.519, P =0.034), which was consistent with the Kaplan–Meier curves.

Conclusions

Four distinctive clusters were determined by cluster analysis, suggesting the characteristics, serological antibodies and prognosis of patients with MSA-IP.
Interobserver variability in organ at risk delineation in head and neck cancer.
Authors: Veen Julie van der , Gulyban Akos , Willems Siri , Maes Frederik , Nuyts Sandra 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: In radiotherapy inaccuracy in organ at risk (OAR) delineation can impact treatment plan optimisation and treatment plan evaluation. Brouwer et al. showed significant interobserver variability (IOV) in OAR delineation in head and neck cancer (HNC) and published international consensus guidelines (ICG) for OAR delineation in 2015. The aim of our study was to evaluate IOV in the presence of these guidelines. Methods: HNC radiation oncologists (RO) from each Belgian radiotherapy centre were invited to complete a survey and submit contours for 5 HNC cases. Reference contours (OARref) were obtained by a clinically validated artificial intelligence-tool trained using ICG. Dice similarity coefficients (DSC), mean surface distance (MSD) and 95% Hausdorff distances (HD95) were used for comparison.Results: Fourteen of twenty-two RO (64%) completed the survey and submitted delineations. Thirteen (93%) confirmed the use of delineation guidelines, of which six (43%) used the ICG. The OARs whose delineations agreed best with the OARref were mandible (median DSC 0.9, range [0.8-0.9]; median MSD 1.1mm, range [0.8-8.3], median HD95 3.4mm, range [1.5-38.7]), brainstem (median DSC 0.9 [0.6-0.9]; median MSD 1.5mm [1.1-4.0], median HD95 4.0mm [2.3-15.0]), submandibular glands (median DSC 0.8 [0.5-0.9]; median MSD 1.2mm [0.9-2.5], median HD95 3.1mm [1.8-12.2]) and parotids (median DSC 0.9 [0.6-0.9]; median MSD 1.9mm [1.2-4.2], median HD95 5.1mm [3.1-19.2]). Oral cavity, cochleas, PCMs, supraglottic larynx and glottic area showed more variation. RO who used the consensus guidelines showed significantly less IOV (p=0.008).Conclusion: Although ICG for delineation of OARs in HNC exist, they are only implemented by about half of RO participating in this study, which partly explains the delineation variability. However, this study highlights that guidelines alone do not suffice to eliminate IOV and that more effort needs to be done to accomplish further treatment standardisation, for example with artificial intelligence.
Paternal and maternal support on children's weekday and weekend moderate-to-vigorous physical activity: a cross-sectional study
Authors: An Meijing , Chen Tianjiao , Zhou Qianling , Ma Jun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Most studies about parental support behaviors for physical activity (PA) on children’s moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) were conducted in developed countries, and most of them focused on mother’s or parent’s (with no differentiation between father’s or mother’s) support behaviors. Besides, children’s MVPA time interval was not differentiated adequately. This paper aimed at investigating the associations between paternal and maternal support behaviors for PA, and children’s MVPA on weekdays, weekends and the whole week in China.Methods: Cross-sectional data of 517 father-child dyads and 1,422 mother-child dyads were analyzed. Children’s consecutive 7-day PA diary were recorded to assess their MVPA time, and MVPA time on weekdays, weekends and the whole week were further calculated, respectively. Father or mother completed a questionnaire on their support behaviors for children’s PA. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to investigate the independent effect of paternal and maternal support behaviors for PA on children’s meeting MVPA recommendation on weekdays, weekends and the whole week, respectively.Results: The proportion of children’s meeting MVPA recommendation on weekends (37.8%) was significantly lower than that on weekdays (62.8%). Higher paternal (OR[95%CI]:1.098[1.009,1.195]) and maternal (OR[95%CI]:1.076[1.021,1.134]) total scores of support behaviors for PA were associated with children’s higher odds of meeting MVPA recommendation on weekends, after controlling for covariates. Paternal sharing PA knowledge with child was significantly associated with children’s meeting MVPA recommendation on weekends (OR[95%CI]:1.319[1.055,1.649]), and marginally associated with children’s meeting MVPA recommendation on weekdays (OR[95%CI]:1.220[0.974,1.528], P=0.084) and on the whole week (OR[95%CI]:1.218[0.977,1.519], P=0.080). Maternal reserving PA time for child was associated with children’s higher likelihood of meeting MVPA recommendation on weekdays (OR[95%CI]:1.160[1.025,1.313]), weekends (OR[95%CI]:1.241[1.097,1.403]) and the whole week (OR[95%CI]:1.214[1.076,1.369]), respectively.Conclusions: On weekends, paternal and maternal total support behaviors for PA deserves more practices for promoting children’s MVPA. To promote children’s MVPA on weekdays, weekends and the whole week, father’s sharing PA knowledge with child and mother’s reserving PA time for child are recommended. Longitudinal researches are needed to verify the effect of paternal and maternal support behaviors on children’s MVPA.
Uroguanylin Increases Ca2+ Concentration in Astrocytes via Guanylate Cyclase C-independent Signalling Pathway
Authors: Habek Nikola , Ratko Martina , Dugandžić Aleksandra 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Guanylin peptides (GPs), guanylin and uroguanylin (UGN), are intestinal peptides which activate guanylate cyclase C (GC-C) and increase cGMP concentration. In the brain, GC-C is located in the midbrain where GPs neuromodulate neuron activity. GC-C has also been reported in the hypothalamus where it plays an important role in the regulation of feeding and satiety. The existence of cGMP/GC-C independent signalling pathway for GPs was suggested two decades ago; however, the exact nature of the signalling pathway has not been discovered. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the cGMP/GC-C independent signalling pathway in astrocytes which are a suitable model because they do not express GC-C. Results: In this study, we performed patch clamp and intracellular Ca2+ concentrations and pH measurements in primary cultures of astrocytes and brain slices of WT, UGN KO, and GC-C KO mice. The function of GC-C independent signalling pathway in cerebellum was determined by behaviour tests in UGN and GC-C KO mice. We showed, for the first time, that UGN induces changes in intracellular Ca2+ levels in different mouse brain regions. In addition to midbrain and hypothalamus, GC-C is also expressed in cerebral and cerebellar cortex. Presence of two signalling pathways in the cerebellum (UGN hyperpolarized Purkinje cells via GC-C and increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration in astrocytes) lead to a difference in motoric function in GC-C KO and UGN KO mice probably via difference in regulation of intracellular pH in astrocytes. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the effects of UGN on astrocytes via a Ca2+- dependent signalling pathway could be involved in the modulation of neuronal activity.
Archaean Cratons Record a Duality of Melting Regimes During Early Continental Growth
Authors: Ladwig S. Amrei , Chowdhury Priyadarshi , McCoy-West Alex J. , Nebel Oliver , Cawood Peter 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The tectonic setting and pressure-temperature conditions responsible for the formation of felsic crust on the early Earth remain debated. Rare earth elements (REE) have been extensively used to study the formation of tonalite-trondhjemites-granodiorites (TTGs)- the building blocks of the early felsic crust, but conclusive interpretations based on the chondrite-normalized REE patterns have not materialised because of the inability to distinguish subtle differences. Here we apply a polynomial approach that quantifies the REE patterns by describing their slope and curvature using shaping coefficients to the TTG compositions from five different Archaean cratons. In combination with partial melting modelling, this enables an assessment of the effects of variations in pressure-temperature, degree of melting and residual mineral assemblages on the formation of TTGs. The REE composition of the Archaean TTGs display two distinct trends: (1) a horizontal-trend suggesting their formation in the presence of garnet-poor amphibolitic residues, possibly formed at the base of a thickened crust; and, (2) an inclined-trend consistent with their formation in equilibration with amphibole-poor, but garnet-rich residues at convergent settings (but not necessarily related to plate tectonics). These different melting regimes coexisted during the Paleoarchaean to Neoarchaean and provide direct evidence for a duality of petro-tectonic regimes of felsic crust formation on the early Earth.
Gender Differences in Risk Factors for Depressive Symptoms in Patients with COPD: The 2014 and 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Choi Ji Soo , Kwak Se Hyun , Lee San , Lee Eun Hye 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Although depression is a common comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the role of gender remains unexplored. We evaluated gender differences of risk factors of depressive symptoms in adults with COPD. Methods: This was a population-based cross-sectional study using data from the 2014 and 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Spirometry was used to identify patients with COPD, defined as a FEV1/FVC ratio <0.7. Presence of depressive symptoms was defined as a total score ≥5 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Results: Overall, 17.8% of participants expressed depressive symptoms, with 13.1% being men and 29.6% being women. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that low BMI (adjusted OR, 2.62), female gender (adjusted OR, 3.48), living alone (adjusted OR, 1.75), currently smoking (adjusted OR, 2.52), and GOLD Stage III/IV (adjusted OR, 2.34) were significant risk factors for depressive symptoms. In a subgroup analysis, low BMI, low income, living alone, and multiple chronic disorders were risk factors of depressive symptoms in men, whereas low educational attainment, urban living, and currently smoking were risk factors in women.Conclusions: As risk factors of depressive symptoms in COPD patients vary according to gender, different approaches are needed to manage depression in men and women with COPD.
Potential role of long non-coding RNA LINC00968 in luminal A and B breast cancers
Authors: Arabpour Maedeh , Layeghi Sepideh Mehrpour , Majidzadeh-A Keivan , bazzaz Javad Tavakkoly , Mamivand Ali , Naghizadeh Mohammad Mehdi , Shakoori Abbas 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose Breast Cancer (BC) is the most frequent malignancy among women worldwide. ER+ breast cancers (luminal A and B subtypes) comprise up to 70% of all BC patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regulatory non-coding transcripts and longer than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs can affect many biological and pathological processes and dysregulation of them is related to many human cancers. The potential role of LINC00968 lncRNA in luminal A and B breast cancer pathogenesis is still unclear. Methods Seventy-one pairs of tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissue specimens of luminal A and B breast cancer were used to analyze the expression of LINC00968. Furthermore, two luminal A cell lines, MCF7 and T47D, were used to evaluate the expression of LINC00968 compared with a non-malignant breast cell line, MCF10A. Moreover, we have done multiple bioinformatic analyses for a better understanding of the potential roles of LINC00968 in luminal BC. Results Our data revealed the significant downregulation of LINC00968 in luminal tumor tissues and cell lines. LINC00968 expression was negatively associated with tumor stage and lymph node metastasis. Bioinformatic analyses indicated that LINC00968 might be involved in blood vessel development, angiogenesis, and might be participated in interaction of ECM constituents with cancer cells. LINC00968 might have functions in some cancer-related signaling pathways, like PI3K/Akt, ECM-receptor interaction signaling pathway, and PPAR signaling pathway. Conclusions Downregulation of LINC00968 might promote carcinogenesis of luminal BC. LINC00968 might act as a tumor suppressor gene and might also promote invasion and metastasis of luminal BC.
An Evaluation of the Adverse Events Following Immunization Surveillance System: A Case of the Oral Cholera Vaccine Mass Campaign, Chimanimani and Chipinge Districts, Zimbabwe, 2019.
Authors: Gadzayi Michelle Ruvimbo , Mukuzunga Munyaradzi , Chadambuka Addmore , Chiwanda Simbarashe , Govha Emmanuel , Gombe Notion Tafara , Juru Tsitsi , Tshimanga Mufuta 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Three cases of adverse events following immunization (AEFI), in Chimanimani and Chipinge districts, were notified during their oral cholera vaccine (OCV) mass campaigns post-Cyclone Idai. However, the coverage survey uncovered 93 AEFI cases. We determined the reasons for the AEFI surveillance system under-reporting and assessed performance of the systemMethods: We conducted a surveillance system evaluation using the updated CDC guidelines for surveillance system evaluation. Fifty-seven health workers and 50 community members were randomly selected from 39 health facilities. We reviewed completed AEFI reporting forms to check for data quality, simplicity, completeness, and timeliness of the system. We used questionnaires to determine HCWs and community’s knowledge on the operations of the surveillance system. We used a health facility checklist to assess the system’s stability. Data were analysed to generate means and frequencies. Three-point Likert scales were used to rate health worker knowledge on the AEFI system. Results: Reasons for under-reporting were community’s poor knowledge, perceiving adverse events as minor issues and fear of being blamed for causing adverse events by health workers. The community had poor knowledge with 27/50 (54%) answering at least one out of three questions correctly. The system had a low sensitivity of 3% and was unstable, 24/39 (62%) of the facilities relied on public transport.Conclusion: Community’s poor knowledge on AEFI, occurrence of mild adverse events and fear of being blamed led to under-reporting. The system was neither stable nor sensitive. Community sensitization on AEFI were thus improved.
Single-cell Profiling Reveal Types of Interstitial Cells in Human and Rat Bladder
Authors: Yang Zhenxing , Gao Ye , Liu Peilin , Jia Weisheng , Fang Zhenqiang , Zhao Jiang , Zhong Jiangfan , Zhang Yuanyuan , Li Longkun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds:The mechanism underlying bladder urination pathophysiologies has not been understood yet because the types of interstitial cells present in the bladder are still obscure. Results:Here, we classified the cell types in the bladder without bias using 10x genomics single-cell RNA-seq and identified 35,510 and 19,946 cells from human and rat bladder tissues, respectively. In addition to the major cell clusters including urothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, neurons, and immune cells, three types of interstitial cells were identified in this study. Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts were shown to occupy large proportions of interstitial cells, located mainly between the epithelial strata and muscle strata. A new type of interstitial cell, Mki67+, which was found both in human and rat bladder tissues, may participate in bladder disease development. Conclusions:Our investigation thus lays the ground work for identifying the cell types in bladder tissues and provides potential clues to understand abnormal bladder functions.
Epidemiology of Non-communicable Diseases and Risk factors in South African Adolescents and Youth Living with HIV: Implications for Integrated Prevention
Authors: Kamkuemah Monika , Gausi Blessings , Oni Tolu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Adolescents and youth living with HIV (AYLHIV) face an elevated NCD risk resulting from HIV, psychosocial challenges and the complications of antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study in six primary care facilities to investigate the prevalence of common NCDs and risk factors among AYLHIV in Cape Town, South Africa between March 2019 and January 2020. We collected information on pre-existent and previously unidentified NCDs and risk factors and collected sociodemographic information of adolescents and youth enrolled for primary HIV care. Characteristics between sexes and age groups were compared using parametric or non-parametric statistical tests.
Results

Three out of four participants were female, and the median age was 20.5 years (IQR 18.9–22.9). More than a quarter were not in education, employment or training (NEET) and 44% were multidimensionally poor. Our results show an existent burden of hypertension (5%) and central obesity (37%) as well as high levels of depression (43%) and psychological distress symptoms (44%). AYLHIV further self-reported high levels of household food insecurity (70%), low fruit and vegetable consumption, high fast-food and sugar-sweetened beverage intake, low nutritional knowledge and insufficient physical activity. Beyond the NCD risk attributable to HIV and ART, these multiple risk factors coupled with early initiation of high-risk behaviours like smoking, alcohol and drug use, further increase risk.
Conclusions

Our findings highlight the importance of integrated prevention with NCD risk screening as part of HIV care for AYLHIV and the need for early intervention on social, environmental and economic determinants of NCDs targeting adolescents and youth.
IFN-g-induced Jmjd3-Zeb1 axis contributes to an aggressive phenotype in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yang Jianjian , Wang Xue , Huang Bing , Liu Rong , Xiong Hui , Ye Fan , Zeng Chenxi , Fu Xiangning , Li Lequn 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Active IFN-γ signaling is a common feature of tumors responding to PD-1 checkpoint blockade. IFN-γ exhibits both anti- and pro-tumor activities. Therefore, identifying the pro-tumor effects of IFN-γ and their underlying molecular mechanisms could be a critical step for developing therapeutic strategies to maximize the anti-tumor efficacy of immunotherapies.
Methods

Western blot, immunofluorescence, and quantitative real-time PCR assays were used to evaluate the expression of ZEB1 and EMT associated biomarkers. Trans-well assay was used to examine the role of IFN-γ on cancer cell migration in vitro. Murine tumor xenograft models were performed to examine the effect of IFN-γ on cancer cell metastasis in vivo. Colony formation assay was performed to detect the role of ZEB1 in cell proliferation. RNA-seq was performed to analyze the EMT-associated gene expression patterns in response to IFN-g treatment. Loss-of-function analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation were used to reveal the mechanism underlying ZEB1 induction by IFN-γ.
Results

we demonstrate that the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma cells with IFN-γ leads to a rapid increase of ZEB1 expression and a significant change in epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT)-associated gene expression patterns. Moreover, functional analysis shows that IFN-γ promotes cell migration in vitro and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, IFN-γ-induced JMJD3 significantly reduces H3K27 trimethylation in the promoter of the ZEB1 gene, thereby activating ZEB1 transcription. Inhibition of JMJD3 abrogates IFN-γ-induced ZEB1 expression. We previously demonstrated that IFN-γ-mediated anti-tumor response, including suppression of cell proliferation and induction of CXCL9 and CXCL10 expression, is STAT1-IRF1 dependent. The knockdown of ZEB1 diminishes IFN-γ-mediated cell migration and metastasis, but it does not affect STAT1 and IRF1 expression and has no effect on cell proliferation as well as the induction of CXCL9 and CXCL10 expression.
Conclusion

Inhibition or downregulation of ZEB1 may prevent the pro-tumor activity of IFN-γ while retaining its anti-tumor function. The study expands our understanding of IFN-γ-mediated signaling and helps to identify therapeutic targets to improve current immunotherapies.