bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of QRS morphology on response to conduction system pacing after atrioventricular junction ablation
Authors: Wu Shengjie , Cai Mengxing , Zheng Rujie , Wang Songjie , Jiang Limeng , Xu Lei , Shi Ruiyu , Xiao Fangyi , Ellenbogen Kenneth A. , Cha Yongmei , Su Lan , Huang Weijian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsHis–Purkinje conduction system pacing (HPCSP) utilizing His (HBP) or left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and wide QRS duration has not been well studied. We assessed the benefit of left bundle branch block (LBBB) correction during HPCSP in AF patients undergoing atrioventricular junction (AVJ) ablation with LBBB, compared with those with narrow QRS duration.Methods and resultsThis is an observational study in consecutive patients with typical LBBB or narrow QRS duration in whom we attempted HPCSP after AVJ ablation for refractory AF with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 50%. Echocardiographic responses and clinical outcomes were assessed at baseline and during 1 year of follow‐up. A total of 178 patients were enrolled, of which 170 achieved AVJ ablation + permanent HPCSP (age 69.3 ± 10.1 years; LVEF 34.3 ± 7.7%), 133 (78.2%) patients had a narrow QRS duration, and 37 (21.2%) had an LBBB. The QRS duration changed from a baseline of 159.7 ± 16.6 ms to a paced QRS duration of 110.4 ± 12.7 ms in the LBBB cohort and from 95.6 ± 10.4 to 100.8 ± 14.5 ms (both P < 0.001) in the narrow QRS cohort after AVJ ablation and pacing. Compared with the narrow QRS cohort, the LBBB cohort showed a greater absolute increase in LVEF (+22.3% vs. +14.2%, P < 0.001), higher super responder rate (71.4% vs. 49.2%, P = 0.011), and greater New York Heart Association (NYHA) class improvement (−1.9 vs. −1.4, P < 0.001) at 1 year.ConclusionPatients with LBBB have greater improvement in LVEF and NYHA class function than patients with narrow QRS from HPCSP after AVJ ablation.
Public key encryption with equality test for Industrial Internet of Things system in cloud computing
Authors: Deverajan Ganesh Gopal , Muthukumaran V. , Hsu Ching‐Hsien , Karuppiah Marimuthu , Chung Yeh‐Ching , Chen Ying‐Huei 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPresent day world have evolved from traditional environment to smart industries using IoT scheme which in turn forms Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), which significantly elaborated by providing enhance integration using smart communication through IoT based sensors. IIoT has been providing cost reduction and enhancement in technology by bringing availability, flexibility and data sharing through real time scenario. Despite being unsecure environment of cloud, the privacy of data transfer and information confidentiality is guaranteed. In this context, this work presents a Public Key Encryption with Equality Test based on DLP with double decomposition problems over near‐ring. Computation Diffie‐Hellman is utilized in algebraic structure which involves DLP with Double Decomposition problem for proposing a Public Key Encryption with Equality Test which provides more security to the scheme. The proposed method is highly secure and it solves the problem of quantum algorithm attacks in IIoT systems. Further, the suggested system is significantly secure and it prevents the chosen‐ciphertext attack in type‐I rival and it is indistinguishable against the random oracle model for the type‐II rival. The recommended scheme is highly secure and the security analysis measures are comparatively stronger than existing techniques. Search time of the proposed scheme is 150 milliseconds for which the number of attributes is 50 and when comparing to the decryption time of the proposed model which is lower when compared to other existing scheme for 50 attributes.
Involvement of 5‐HT‐BDNF signaling axis in mediating synergistic antidepressant‐like effects after combined administration of two oligosaccharide esters
Authors: Yang Wen Shan , Shi Zhen‐Guo , Dong Xian‐Zhe , Liu Ping , Chen Meng‐li , Hu Yuan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPotential mechanisms of depression involving herbal medicines and their specific compounds include elevated 5‐HT level and downstream BDNF pathway. To identify potentially new combined therapeutic strategies, 3,6'‐disinapoylsucrose (DISS) and tenuifoliside A (TFSA) have been observed to show antidepressant‐like effects and its related 5‐HT‐BDNF pathway. We have tried to investigate whether combined administration of DISS and TFSA exerted more effective in the treatment of depression, as assessed through tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST). In addition, we also analyzed the expression of three important proteins, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding (CREB), brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and cAMP‐regulated transcriptional coactivators (CRTC1), which have been shown to be involved in the regulation of the neurotrophic factors in the hippocampus. The DISS and TFSA separately, both at a dose of 5 mg/kg each, displayed small effect in the immobility time. However, combined treatment of these two in multiple doses exhibited better effect. Moreover, combined treatment of DISS and TFSA also demonstrated enhanced levels of 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT), and stronger increase in the phosphorylation levels of CREB, BDNF, and CRTC1 proteins in the hippocampus. Overall, our results indicated that coadministration of these two oligosaccharide esters at low dose may induce more pronounced antidepressant activity, in comparison with individual treatment even at high dosage. Thus, the antidepressant properties of both these compounds can be attributed to their ability to influence 5‐HT and BDNF pathway, and thereby suggesting that this combination strategy can definitely act as alternative therapy for depression disorder with very limited side effects.
How do hospitals respond to cross price incentives inherent in diagnosis‐related groups systems? The importance of substitution in the market for sepsis conditions
Authors: Bäuml Matthias 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study addresses the question of how hospitals respond to the cross price incentives inherent in reimbursements based on diagnosis‐related groups (DRG). Unique market‐wide administrative data allow to exploit a natural experiment in Germany in which the relative attractiveness of greatly divergent reimbursements for clinically similar patients changes in the market for sepsis conditions on January 1, 2010. This natural experiment provides—unintentionally—extra reimbursements in cases in which hospitals reorganize transfers for deceasing patients to other facilities, alter the time of death, the choice of the condition being chiefly responsible for the hospital admission (primary diagnosis), or the intensity of mechanical ventilation. The differences‐in‐differences results demonstrate that hospitals primarily alter the primary diagnosis. As the choice of the primary diagnosis is the backbone of the design of modern DRG systems, the findings suggest that payment contracts between hospitals and payers based on modern DRG algorithms may not necessarily improve patient welfare.
Effects of Resmetirom on Noninvasive Endpoints in a 36‐Week Phase 2 Active Treatment Extension Study in Patients With NASH
Authors: Harrison Stephen A. , Bashir Mustafa , Moussa Sam E. , McCarty Kevin , Pablo Frias Juan , Taub Rebecca , Alkhouri Naim 
Published: January 2021

Resmetirom (MGL‐3196), a selective thyroid hormone receptor‐β agonist, was evaluated in a 36‐week paired liver biopsy study (NCT02912260) in adults with biopsy‐confirmed nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The primary endpoint was relative liver fat reduction as assessed by MRI–proton density fat fraction (MRI‐PDFF), and secondary endpoints included histopathology. Subsequently, a 36‐week active treatment open‐label extension (OLE) study was conducted in 31 consenting patients (including 14 former placebo patients) with persistently mild to markedly elevated liver enzymes at the end of the main study. In patients treated with resmetirom (80 or 100 mg orally per day), MRI‐PDFF reduction at OLE week 36 was −11.1% (1.5%) mean reduction (standard error [SE]; P < 0.0001) and −52.3% (4.4%) mean relative reduction, P < 0.0001. Low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (−26.1% [4.5%], P < 0.0001), apolipoprotein B (−23.8% [3.0%], P < 0.0001), and triglycerides (−19.6% [5.4%], P = 0.0012; −46.1 [14.5] mg/dL, P = 0.0031) were reduced from baseline. Markers of fibrosis were reduced, including liver stiffness assessed by transient elastography (−2.1 [0.8] mean kilopascals [SE], P = 0.015) and N‐terminal type III collagen pro‐peptide (PRO‐C3) (−9.8 [2.3] ng/mL, P = 0.0004 (baseline ≥ 10 ng/mL). In the main and OLE studies, PRO‐C3/C3M (matrix metalloproteinase‐degraded C3), a marker of net fibrosis formation, was reduced in resmetirom‐treated patients (−0.76 [−1.27, −0.24], P = 0.0044 and −0.68, P < 0.0001, respectively). Resmetirom was well tolerated, with few, nonserious adverse events. Conclusion: The results of this 36‐week OLE study support the efficacy and safety of resmetirom at daily doses of 80 mg and 100 mg, used in the ongoing phase 3 NASH study, MAESTRO‐NASH (NCT03900429). The OLE study demonstrates a potential for noninvasive assessments to monitor the response to resmetirom from an individual patient with NASH.
Foreign direct investment, real sector growth and financial development
Authors: Asamoah Michael Effah , Alagidede Imhotep Paul 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the brinks of financial development at which foreign direct investment (FDI) enhances growth of the real sector. We deploy a newly developed financial development dataset and Lewbel instrumental variable two‐step GMM estimator (IV–GMM), with Kleibergen–Paap robust SEs and orthogonal statistics in establishing our empirical relationships over the period 1990–2017. Initial estimations at the overall level of the real sector, manufacturing, and industry show that FDI has no growth effects, and even worsens growth of the agriculture sector. On decomposing the real sector, we found the interaction between FDI and financial development to enhance the growth of the real sector and its components at face value. However, our marginal effect analysis shows that the growth impact of FDI on the overall real sector, industry, and service sector growth starts at the threshold level of the 25th percentile of financial development, while the growth impact on manufacturing is only evident at the 90th percentile of financial development. Although financial development aids FDI in projecting the growth of the agriculture sector, their interaction cannot wholly eradicate the initial adverse impact from FDI. The results are robust to determinants of growth.
Analysis of diagnostic error cases among Japanese residents using diagnosis error evaluation and research taxonomy
Authors: Harada Taku , Miyagami Taiju , Watari Takashi , Hiyoshi Tetsuya , Kunitomo Kotaro , Tsuji Takahiro , Shimizu Taro 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe process of diagnostic errors among Japanese residents has not been previously studied. This descriptive study was conducted in June 2019 on junior residents at a single‐center educational hospital in Japan. Diagnosis Error Evaluation and Research taxonomy was used to measure the process of diagnostic error in the most memorable error cases. High frequency of diagnostic errors resulted from inaccurate/misinterpretation of history, failure/delay in eliciting physical examination findings, inaccurate/misinterpretation of physical examination, failure in weighting of physical examination, and failure/delay in considering the diagnosis. Residents made diagnostic errors mainly during history taking, physical examination, and assessment.
Countering Deficits: A Grounded Theory of Success From Graduate Students of Color
Authors: Hipolito‐Delgado Carlos P. , Estrada Diane , Garcia Marina 
Published: January 2021

The existing research on students of color in counselor education focuses on the barriers they experience, providing a deficit perspective. Using grounded theory and a critical race theory framework, we studied the racialized experiences of 19 graduate students of color in counselor education. Grounded in participants' voices, we propose a liberatory theory of academic success. Implications for promoting the success of students of color in counselor education and for future critical race theory research are discussed.Las investigaciones hasta la fecha sobre estudiantes de color en programas educativos de consejería se centran en las barreras que afrontan, lo cual ofrece un déficit de perspectiva. Usando un muestreo teórico y un marco de teoría crítica de la raza, estudiamos las experiencias racializadas de 19 estudiantes de posgrado de color en programas educativos de consejería. Basándonos en las voces de los participantes, proponemos una teoría liberatoria de éxito académico. Se discuten las implicaciones para fomentar el éxito de estudiantes de color en programas educativos de consejería y para investigaciones futuras de teoría crítica de la raza.
Postpartum Depression Among Women With Disabilities: A Multicultural Counseling Perspective
Authors: Öksüz Elif Emir 
Published: January 2021

Postpartum depression is an important mental health problem for women, and women with disabilities are at greater risk than are women without disabilities. This article explores the disability‐specific contextual, environmental, social, and systemic causes of postpartum depression from an ecological perspective. I aim to help counselors develop a nonpathologizing, multicultural counseling–rooted approach and to prepare counselors to work effectively with this unique population. Implications of multicultural counseling tenets and advocacy are also examined for best practices.La depresión posparto es un problema de salud mental importante para las mujeres, y el riesgo es mayor para las mujeres con discapacidades que para las mujeres sin discapacidades. Este artículo explora las causas contextuales, sociales, del entorno y sistémicas de la depresión posparto relacionadas con la discapacidad desde una perspectiva ecológica. Mi objetivo es ayudar a los consejeros a desarrollar un enfoque no patológico basado en la consejería multicultural y preparar a los consejeros para trabajar de forma efectiva con esta población singular. También se examinan las implicaciones de los principios de la consejería multicultural y la defensoría para las prácticas recomendadas.
Potential of genomics for the improvement of underutilized legumes in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Paliwal Rajneesh , Adegboyega Taofeek Tope , Abberton Michael , Faloye Ben , Oyatomi Olaniyi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUnderutilized, or orphan legumes, are widely distributed across farming landscapes in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) but often have low yields and do not fulfill their potential due to very limited research, breeding, development, marketing, and awareness of their benefits. These advantages include nutritional quality and climate resilience. In this review, we focus on Bambara groundnut, African yam bean, and Kersting's groundnut. Knowledge of the challenges and rewards of exploiting them will provide opportunities for concerted approaches to their revival and contribution to future global food systems, especially in the context of climate change. This review identifies the institutional and noninstitutional challenges, the constraints, the prospects, and the rewards that can be derived from exploiting orphan legumes in SSA. The genetic resources center (GRC) of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) conserves a diverse collection of about 2500 accessions of these crops with the majority from Africa. In this review, we focus on the ex situ conservation of the genetic resources of these indigenous African legume crops, their characterization and evaluation, prospects for the development of improved cultivars, and the role they could play, particularly with respect to nutrition and adaptation to climate change. We emphasize progress made in recent years concerning the assembly of information required for application of genomics tools to these crops and how this will underpin the development of improved varieties.
Preparation, characterisation and lubrication performances of Eu doped WO3 nanoparticle reinforce Mn3B7O13Cl as water‐based lubricant additive for laminated Cu‐Fe composite sheet during hot rolling
Authors: Liang Dong , Ling Xinnan , Xiong Sang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCitric acid‐synthesised Eu‐doped WO3 (WO3:Eu3+) and Mn3B7O13Cl nanoparticles were characterised by X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The tribological properties of the Eu doped WO3 and Mn3B7O13Cl prepared as anti‐wear additives for enhanced lubrication were studied using a four‐ball tester. The experiment results indicated that Eu doped WO3 nanoparticle reinforce Mn3B7O13Cl has excellent load‐carrying capacity, wear‐resistance and friction‐reducing properties in water‐based lubricant, optimum concentration of WO3:Eu3+‐Mn3B7O13Cl was 0.5 wt%. The wear scar diameter decreased from 0.62 to 0.37 mm and the coefficient of friction was reduced from 0.083 to 0.065, which reductions are attributed to the nanotribofilms composed of B2O3, WO3, Fe2O3 and Eu2O, which prevented direct contact between metals. Hot rolling experiments of laminated Cu‐Fe composite sheet were carried out to study the effect of nano‐WO3:Eu3+‐Mn3B7O13Cl on surface qualities including topography of rolled strips. Results show that the surface topography becomes smooth with the addition of nanoparticles into water‐based lubricant, which is mainly attributed to the nanoparticles increase the viscosity of water‐based lubricant and the oil film to avoid the direct contact tribopair during hot rolling, thus reducing the friction coefficient and roll wear.
Novel Tumor Growth Rate Analysis in the Randomized CLARINET Study Establishes the Efficacy of Lanreotide Depot/Autogel 120 mg with Prolonged Administration in Indolent Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Dromain Clarisse , Loaiza-Bonilla Arturo , Mirakhur Beloo , Beveridge Thomas J.R. , Fojo Antonio Tito 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Tumor quantity while receiving cancer therapy is the sum of simultaneous regression of treatment-sensitive and growth of treatment-resistant fractions at constant rates. Exponential rate constants for tumor regression/decay (d) and growth (g) can be estimated. Previous studies established g as a biomarker for overall survival; g increases after treatment cessation, can estimate doubling times, and can assess treatment effectiveness in small cohorts by benchmarking to large reference data sets. Using this approach, we analyzed data from the clinical trial CLARINET, evaluating lanreotide depot/autogel 120 mg/4 weeks (LAN) for treatment of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).

Methods and Materials
Computed tomography imaging data from 97 LAN- and 101 placebo-treated patients from CLARINET were analyzed to estimate g and d.

Results
Data from 92% of LAN- and 94% of placebo-treated patients could be fit to one of the equations to derive g and d (p &lt; .001 in most data sets). LAN-treated patients demonstrated significantly slower g than placebo recipients (p = .00315), a difference of 389 days in doubling times. No significant difference was observed in d. Over periods of LAN administration up to 700 days, g did not change appreciably. Simulated analysis with g as the endpoint showed a sample size of 48 sufficient to detect a difference in median g with 80% power.

Conclusion
Although treatment of NETs with LAN can affect tumor shrinkage, LAN primarily slows tumor growth rather than accelerates tumor regression. Evidence of LAN efficacy across tumors was identified. The growth-retarding effect achieved with LAN was sustained for a prolonged period of time.

Implications for Practice
The only curative treatment for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is surgical resection; however, because of frequent late diagnosis, this is often impossible. Because of this, treatment of NETs is challenging and often aims to reduce tumor burden and delay progression. A novel method of analysis was used to examine data from the CLARINET trial, confirming lanreotide depot/autogel is effective at slowing tumor growth and extending progression-free survival. By providing the expected rate and doubling time of tumor growth early in the course of treatment, this method of analysis has the potential to guide physicians in their management of patients with NETs.
Protonation of γ‐Butyrolactone and γ‐Butyrolactam
Authors: Beck Stefanie , Feller Michael , Spies Laura , Dietrich Kai J. , Jessen Christoph , Stierstorfer Karin , Kornath Andreas J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInvited for this month's cover is the group of Andreas Kornath at the Ludwig‐Maximilian University of Munich (Germany). The cover picture shows the crystal structures of protonated γ‐butyrolactone ([(CH2)3OCOH][AsF6]) and γ‐butyrolactam ([(CH2)3NHCOH][AsF6]). Both salts were synthesized by reacting the neutral compounds in the superacidic system HF/AsF5 at low temperature. Interestingly, the X‐ray structure analyses revealed not only structural parameters of the salts, but also the existent of C⋅⋅⋅F contacts in both species. Quantum chemical calculations were performed to investigate the nature of these contacts. Read the full text of their Full Paper at 10.1002/open.202000220.
Jenseits von Parität und Zeit
Authors: Heinrich Matthias 
Published: January 2021

ZusammenfassungInnovative Design‐Ansätze für leistungsstarke photonische Bauelemente bedienen sich grundlegender Prinzipien aus anderen Teilgebieten der Physik. Parität‐Zeitumkehr‐Symmetrie (PT‐Symmetrie) ermöglicht durch das komplexe Zusammenspiel aus dämpfenden und verstärkenden Materialien neuartige Funktionalitäten und eine verlustfreie Manipulation optischer Signale. Allerdings sind gerade lichtverstärkende Medien technisch nur schwierig mit den nötigen mikroskopischen Strukturgrößen realisierbar. Hier bietet das aus der Teilchenphysik stammende Konzept der Supersymmetrie (SUSY) eine Lösung. Mit SUSY lassen sich „Superpartner“ zu Systemen kreieren, die im Fernfeld die gleichen optischen Eigenschaften zeigen. Trotzdem können die Superpartner in der Mikrostruktur abweichen, sodass zum Beispiel stark brechende, teure oder toxische Materialien entfallen können. In Bezug auf photonische Schaltkreise ermöglicht SUSY die Verwendung mehrmodiger Lichtleiter, die zugleich erhebliche Steigerungen der Übertragungsbandbreite und eine merkliche Senkung der Leistungsaufnahme versprechen.
Erste Demonstration von Quantenüberlegenheit
Authors: Hartmann Michael J. , Deppe Frank 
Published: January 2021

ZusammenfassungMit dem Sycamore‐Quantenprozessor von Google gelang zum ersten Mal überzeugend ein Experiment, in dem ein Quantensystem ein Problem besser löst als derzeit verfügbare herkömmliche Supercomputer. Die Hardware basiert auf der Technologie der supraleitenden Quantenschaltkreise. Ihr wird schon länger ein besonders großes Skalierungspotenzial hin zu mehr Quantenbits bescheinigt. Der verwendete Chip besitzt 53 Qubits. Sie sind in einem zweidimensionalen quadratischen Gitter angeordnet und durch Nächste‐Nachbar‐Wechselwirkung gekoppelt. Somit stellt das Experiment einen großen technologischen Fortschritt für das gesamte Feld der Quantenwissenschaften und ‐technologien dar. Obwohl der praktische Nutzen derzeit noch gering erscheint, sind die Arbeiten des Google‐Teams ein wichtiger Schritt hin zu skalierbarem Quantenrechnen. Damit erscheint erstmals eine fehlerkorrigierte, supraleitende Quantencomputer‐Architektur in nicht allzu ferner Zukunft möglich.