bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Twenty-five-Year Follow-up of a Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing Preoperative Versus Postoperative FLAC/Granulocyte Colony–Stimulating Factor Chemotherapy for Stage II Breast Cancer
Authors: Malekzadeh Parisa , Cowan Kenneth , Steinberg Seth M. , Camphausen Kevin A. , Shriver Craig , Merino Maria J. , Good Meghan L. , Berman Arlene , Danforth David N. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Preoperative chemotherapy is important in the management of women with breast cancer, with the ability to downstage the breast primary tumor and axillary lymph nodes. Long-term studies are needed to identify late toxicities, recurrence patterns, and equivalency with postoperative chemotherapy for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).

Patients and Methods:
We conducted a single-institution prospective randomized control trial comparing preoperative or postoperative fluorouracil, leucovorin calcium, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamides/granulocyte colony–stimulating factor chemotherapy for women with untreated clinical stage II (T1N1, T2N0, and T2N1) breast cancer. Long-term follow-up was conducted to define toxicities, recurrence patterns and RFS and OS.

Results:
Fifty-three women with clinical stage II breast cancer were randomized, 26 patients to receive preoperative chemotherapy and 27 to receive postoperative chemotherapy. Long-term follow-up, with a median of 25.3 years, was obtained. Local or systemic recurrence occurred in 8 women in the preoperative group and in 10 women in the postoperative group, and recurrences were predominantly within 10 years of treatment. Late toxicities included local upper extremity paresthesia’s, upper extremity edema and congestive heart failure in 1 patient each. Analysis revealed no difference in RFS (20-year RFS probabilities; preoperative: 61.3%, postoperative: 54.7%, P=0.42), or in OS between the 2 treatment groups (20-year probabilities, preoperative: 64.6%, postoperative: 62.2%, P=0.44). Twenty-five of 53 patients (47%) were alive and without disease at this follow-up.

Conclusion:
Twenty-five-year follow-up for this prospective randomized trial confirms the equivalency of preoperative versus postoperative chemotherapy with fluorouracil, leucovorin calcium, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamides/granulocyte colony–stimulating factor for stage II breast cancer for both RFS and OS.
Retrospective Cohort: Genomic Differences Between Pigmented Spindle Cell Nevi of Reed and Reed-Like Melanomas
Authors: Mohan Lauren S. , Khan Ayesha U. , Zhang Bin , Quan Victor L. , Shi Katherine , Panah Elnaz , Isales Maria Cristina , Yazdan Pedram , Zhang Yongzhan , Beaubier Nike , Taxter Timothy J. , Compres Elsy V. , Kim Daniel , White Kevin P. , Gerami Pedram 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Some melanomas closely resemble pigmented spindle cell nevi (PSCN) of Reed histologically. The distinction of these entities is important for clinical management. A recent study showed most PSCN (78%) are fusion-driven, commonly involving NTRK3 (57%). Conversely, BRAF V600E mutations are not characteristic of PSCN but are frequent in melanoma.

Objective:
In this study, we assessed clinical, histologic and genomic differences between PSCN of Reed and Reed-like melanomas (RLMs).

Methods:
We performed BRAF V600E immunohistochemistry (IHC) for 18 PSCN and 20 RLM cases. All 23 benign PSCN cases previously underwent whole transcriptome and targeted DNA sequencing with a 1711 gene panel.

Results:
We previously demonstrated the majority of PSCN (18 of 23) has chimeric fusions. Among PSCN without a chimeric fusion, BRAF mutations were common. Noncanonical BRAF mutations were identified in 2 of 5 nonfusion cases, and 1 case had a canonical BRAF mutation. Alternatively, 70% of RLM demonstrated a BRAF V600E mutation. RLM also occurred more frequently in older patients.

Limitations:
The overall sample size was small.

Conclusions:
In diagnostically challenging cases, ancillary IHC studies can assist in distinguishing PSCN from RLM. Our study suggests positive staining by IHC for BRAF V600E and older age strongly favors a diagnosis of RLM.
Critical Care Registered Nurses' Preparedness in the Provision of End-of-Life Care
Authors: Hall Meg Ambrose 
Published: January 2020

Background
The number of deaths in critical care units continues to rise as patients are living longer with chronic illnesses; however, critical care registered nurses report feelings of unpreparedness in the provision of end-of-life (EOL) care.

Objectives
To understand and find meaning of critical care registered nurses' preparedness in the provision of EOL care.

Methods
A qualitative interpretive description study was conducted to allow for rich, descriptive detail through the participants' eyes. Semistructured one-on-one interviews were conducted with 12 participants. Constant comparative method was used to analyze the data.

Results
According to the participants, to be prepared to provide EOL care, the nurses need to understand their personal beliefs about death and dying; be able to provide care to both patient and family; combine knowledge based on education, personal and professional experience, and support resources; balance the ongoing dialogue between their professional and personal role as a registered nurse; and find ways to make sense of the dying experience, specifically through closure.

Discussion
Ultimately, the provision of EOL is contextual and will vary, requiring the critical care registered nurse to adapt to each situation utilizing the tools learned and experienced to promote patient, family, and nurse comfort. Improvements to nursing education and nursing practice are warranted to expose students and nurses to more EOL care experiences while also providing the tools and support resources during the provision of EOL care.
Essential Role of the ELABELA-APJ Signaling Pathway in Cardiovascular System Development and Diseases
Authors: Chen Sun , Chen Fengyuan , Sun Kun , Zhou Shuang , Wang Jian , Wang Qingjie , Meng Zhuo , Peng Jiayu , Song Wenting , Zhou Yue 
Published: January 2020

Abstract:
ELABELA (ELA), previously classified as a “noncoding” RNA, is a new endogenous peptidic ligand of apelin receptor (APJ/APLNR), a class A (rhodopsin-like) G protein–coupled receptor. It has been identified to play a crucial role in diverse biological processes, especially in the normal and pathological cardiovascular system. In comparison with APJ's first ligand apelin, ELA may play a key role at different time points or heart regions. In this review, we summarized the roles of the ELA-APJ signaling pathway in cardiovascular system development and diseases.
Plastic Surgery on YouTube
Authors: Almarghoub Mohammed A. , Alghareeb Muath A. , Alhammad AlAnoud K. , Alotaibi Haya F. , Kattan Abdullah E. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
YouTube is the most accessed video website in the world. It hosts a variety of medical content. Plastic surgery-related content on YouTube has not been investigated before. In this study, we analyzed the most prevalent plastic surgery-related content available on YouTube.

Methods:
Search terms were selected to cover the broad topics of plastic surgery. The top 20 most-viewed videos returned for each search term were analyzed. The videos were classified by the type of content, authorship, number of views, and number of likes. Data were collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel (2016) program.

Results:
Out of the 280 videos analyzed, “patient experience” was the most prevalent content type. Thirty percent of the analyzed videos were uploaded by medical centers, and 29% were uploaded from personal accounts. Educational video content constituted 6% of the total videos analyzed. Entertainment was the most prevalent (60%) content type returned when “plastic surgery” was used as the search term.

Conclusions:
YouTube is an underutilized social media platform by plastic surgeons. The entertainment industry is taking advantage of the social media platform to attract and gain millions of views. Educational videos are low in number and quality.
Controversies in the Treatment of Follicular Lymphoma
Authors: Hübel Kai , Ghielmini Michele , Ladetto Marco , Gopal Ajay K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe overall prognosis of patients with follicular lymphoma has substantially improved over the last decades with a 10‐year overall survival of around 80% for the majority of patients. However, for most patients follicular lymphoma it is still a relapsing and remitting disease. Furthermore, certain subsets of patients still have much shorter survival. Currently, there is no established standard how to treat high‐risk follicular lymphoma. With advances in the understanding of the biology and pathogenesis of B cell malignancies, a plethora of new compounds have been investigated in FL. These compounds have the potential to increase efficacy if added to current regimens or even replace them. The implementation of these compounds in treatment algorithms is another unsolved issue. This overview highlights major controversies in the treatment of follicular lymphoma and discusses the most recent and relevant clinical trials.
Risk and Response Adapted Treatment Guidelines for Managing First Relapsed and Refractory Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma in Children and Young People. Recommendations from the EuroNet Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma Group
Authors: Daw Stephen , Hasenclever Dirk , Mascarin Maurizio , Fernández‐Teijeiro Ana , Balwierz Walentyna , Beishuizen Auke , Burnelli Roberta , Cepelova Michaela , Claviez Alexander , Dieckmann Karin , Landman‐Parker Judith , Kluge Regine , Körholz Dieter , Mauz‐Körholz Christine , Wallace William Hamish , Leblanc Thierry ,   EuroNet Paediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma Group
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe objective of this guideline is to aid clinicians in making individual salvage treatment plans for pediatric and adolescent patients with first relapse or refractory (R/R) classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). While salvage with standard dose chemotherapy followed by high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant is often considered the standard of care in adult practice, pediatric practice adopts a more individualized risk stratified and response adapted approach to salvage treatment with greater use of non‐transplant salvage. Here, we present on behalf of the EuroNet Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma group, evidence and consensus‐based guidelines for standardized diagnostic, prognostic and response procedures to allocate children and adolescents with R/R cHL to stratified salvage treatments.
Association Between Traumatic Brain Injury and Dementia in Veterans: A Rapid Systematic Review
Authors: Peterson Kimberly , Veazie Stephanie , Bourne Donald , Anderson Johanna 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
To systematically review the prevalence of dementia in Veterans versus civilians and the association between previous traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and the risk and timing of dementia onset in Veterans.

Design:
We systematically searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from database inception to October 2018. One reviewer assessed articles for inclusion, evaluated study quality, graded strength of evidence, and extracted data, with second reviewer checking.

Results:
Forty articles were included, among which 10 presented the best evidence. Evidence suggests that dementia rates are likely similar between Veterans and civilians (10.7% vs 8.8%-11.6%, respectively). Dementia prevalence is likely higher in those with TBI (6%-16%) than in those without (3%-10%), with a possible dose-response relationship between the two. There may also be an association between TBI and early-onset dementia, although this evidence has important limitations. No studies evaluated whether dementia prevalence varied on the basis of combat deployment history or era of conflict.

Conclusion:
Dementia prevalence is likely similar in Veteran and civilian populations, and the risk of dementia is likely increased by TBI. To inform development of screening, prevention, and rehabilitation efforts, research is still needed addressing the mechanism of association and timing of dementia onset.

Protocol:
PROSPERO; CRD42018107926.
Physical and Functional Impairment Among Older Adults With a History of Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Kornblith Erica S. , Langa Kenneth M. , Yaffe Kristine , Gardner Raquel C. 
Published: January 2020

Objectives:
To examine the association of lifetime history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) with later-life physical impairment (PI) and functional impairment (FI) and to evaluate the impact of neurobehavioral symptoms that frequently co-occur with TBI on these relations.

Participants:
A total of 1148 respondents to the 2014 Wave of the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative survey of older community-dwelling adults, randomly selected to participate in a TBI exposure survey. They reported no prior TBI (n = 737) or prior TBI (n = 411).

Design:
Cross-sectional survey study.

Main Measures:
Physical impairment (self-reported difficulty with ≥1 of 8 physical activities); FI (self-reported difficulty with ≥1 of 11 activities of daily living); self-reported current neurobehavioral symptoms (pain, sleep problems, depression, subjective memory impairment); The Ohio State University TBI Identification Method (OSU-TBI-ID)—short form.

Analyses:
Stepwise logistic regression models ([1] unadjusted; [2] adjusted for demographics and medical comorbidities; [3] additionally adjusted for neurobehavioral symptoms) compared PI and FI between TBI groups.

Results:
Traumatic brain injury—exposed (mean: 33.6 years postinjury) respondents were younger, less likely to be female, and reported more comorbidities and neurobehavioral symptoms. Although TBI was significantly associated with increased odds of PI and FI in unadjusted models and models adjusted for demographics/comorbidities (adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: PI 1.62, 1.21-2.17; FI 1.60, 1.20-2.14), this association was no longer statistically significant after further adjustment for neurobehavioral symptoms.

Conclusion:
History of TBI is associated with substantial PI and FI among community-dwelling older adults. Further research is warranted to determine whether aggressive management of neurobehavioral symptoms in this population may mitigate long-term PI and FI in this population.
ENDOGENOUS ASPERGILLUS ENDOPHTHALMITIS IN AN IMMUNOCOMPETENT PATIENT WITH A REMOTE HISTORY OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Sastry Ananth , Kwon Julie Y. , Tan Jeffrey J. , Rodger Damien C. , Rao Narsing A. 
Published: January 2020

Purpose:
To report a case of Aspergillus fumigatus endogenous endophthalmitis in an immunocompetent patient initially diagnosed as acute retinal necrosis.

Methods:
Case report.

Patient:
A 67-year-old woman with a remote history of treated pulmonary tuberculosis and no ocular history presented to an outside retina specialist with a sudden onset of floaters and blurred vision in one eye. Examination and fluorescein angiography at the time revealed findings suspicious for acute retinal necrosis, and the patient was started on oral valganciclovir and an intravitreal injection of ganciclovir. Despite treatment, the patient's vision and pain worsened. After evaluation at the University of Southern California Roski Eye Institute, she was diagnosed with a likely fungal endogenous endophthalmitis based on ultrasound findings and underwent emergent vitrectomy. A chest x-ray demonstrated partial collapse of the right upper lobe with hilar enlargement.

Results:
Aspergillus fumigatus was cultured from vitreous, blood, and bronchoalveolar lavage samples, suggesting that the patient's infection had a pulmonary origin, most likely from the right upper lobe that had healed from previous tuberculosis infection.

Discussion:
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Aspergillus endogenous endophthalmitis in an immunocompetent patient secondary to pulmonary changes that occurred from previously treated tuberculosis.
Longitudinal prevalence and determinants of pain in multiple sclerosis: results from the German National Multiple Sclerosis Cohort study
Authors: Heitmann Henrik , Haller Bernhard , Tiemann Laura , Mühlau Mark , Berthele Achim , Tölle Thomas R. , Salmen Anke , Ambrosius Björn , Bayas Antonios , Asseyer Susanna , Hartung Hans-Peter , Heesen Christoph , Stangel Martin , Wildemann Brigitte , Haars Sarah , Groppa Sergiu , Luessi Felix , Kümpfel Tania , Nischwitz Sandra , Meuth Sven G. , Klotz Luisa , Linker Ralf A. , Zettl Uwe K. , Ziemann Ulf , Tumani Hayrettin , Tackenberg Björn , Zipp Frauke , Wiendl Heinz , Gold Ralf , Hemmer Bernhard , Ploner Markus ,   on behalf of the German Competence Network Multiple Sclerosis (KKNMS)
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Pain is frequent in multiple sclerosis (MS) and includes different types, with neuropathic pain (NP) being most closely related to MS pathology. However, prevalence estimates vary largely, and causal relationships between pain and biopsychosocial factors in MS are largely unknown. Longitudinal studies might help to clarify the prevalence and determinants of pain in MS. To this end, we analyzed data from 410 patients with newly diagnosed clinically isolated syndrome or relapsing-remitting MS participating in the prospective multicenter German National MS Cohort Study (NationMS) at baseline and after 4 years. Pain was assessed by self-report using the PainDETECT Questionnaire. Neuropsychiatric assessment included tests for fatigue, depression, and cognition. In addition, sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained. Prevalence of pain of any type was 40% and 36% at baseline and after 4 years, respectively, whereas prevalence of NP was 2% and 5%. Pain of any type and NP were both strongly linked to fatigue, depression, and disability. This link was even stronger after 4 years than at baseline. Moreover, changes in pain, depression, and fatigue were highly correlated without any of these symptoms preceding the others. Taken together, pain of any type seems to be much more frequent than NP in early nonprogressive MS. Moreover, the close relationship between pain, fatigue, and depression in MS should be considered for treatment decisions and future research on a possible common pathophysiology.
Management of the Pregnant Patient With a Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Hollenbach Pamela Marie , Ruth-Sahd Lisa A. , Hole James 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) and pregnancy can present a challenging scenario for healthcare professionals. Information regarding the management of patients who become pregnant and have SCIs is limited in the nursing literature, and therefore, more case studies must be presented and research must be conducted to build evidence-based care. Physiologic changes in pregnancy can increase a patient's risk for serious complications during pregnancy and, consequently, may put the fetus at a greater risk. Neuroscience healthcare providers must take into consideration the level of the SCI and how this may impact a pregnancy. CASE STUDY: This article highlights an interdisciplinary approach by presenting a case study and provides neuroscience nurses with a foundation on which to base their practice when managing a pregnant woman with an SCI through the antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum phases of pregnancy. CONCLUSION: By understanding the physiologic changes after an SCI, patients and their healthcare teams can work together to have a healthy pregnancy and a healthy baby.
Associations between heart failure and risk of dementia
Authors: Li Juan , Wu Yujing , Zhang Dongyang , Nie Jing 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
There are differences among the outcomes regarding cognitive impairment in heart failure (HF) because the evidence is fragmented and sample size is small. Therefore we aimed to systematically review and analyze the available evidence about the association between HF and dementia.

Methods:
In the present study, we searched for articles published until August 2019 in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Medline and Google Scholar. The pooled multivariate odds ratio (OR) or relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained by the use of STATA 12.0 software.

Results:
The meta-analysis showed a positive association between HF and risk of all-cause dementia (OR/RR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.43, I2 = 70.0%, P < 0.001). Additionally, the study showed no significant association between HF and risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) (OR/RR = 1.38, 95% CI 0.90 to 2.13, I2 = 74.8%, P = 0.008).

Conclusion:
In conclusion, HF was associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. In addition, large scale prospective studies are essential to explore the associations between HF and risk of AD.
Optimal cut-off value of high-sensitivity troponin I in diagnosing myocardial infarction in patients with end-stage renal disease
Authors: Lim Eunsoo , Lee Min-Jeong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI) is dismal. Although cardiac troponin is a key diagnostic test, troponin levels are often elevated in ESRD patients without evidence of MI. Thus, this study attempted to determine the optimal diagnostic value of high-sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI) by dialysis modality in ESRD patients.
Medical records of adult dialysis patients who visited tertiary emergency department (ED) were collected retrospectively. Diagnosis of MI was made according to the fourth universal definition of MI. The cut-off values were calculated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Medical records of 1144 patients were analyzed and MI was diagnosed in 82 patients (75 on hemodialysis and 7 on peritoneal dialysis). The optimal cut-off value of hsTnI in hemodialysis patients was 75 ng/L, with 93.33% sensitivity and 60.76% specificity. Area under the curve (AUC) was .870 (95% confidence interval (CI) .833–.906). The optimal cut-off value of hsTnI in peritoneal dialysis patients was 144 ng/L, with 100.00% sensitivity and 83.10% specificity. AUC was .943 (95% CI .893–.992).
The dialysis modality should also be considered when diagnosing MI using hsTnI in ESRD patients.