bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Income-related inequality in quality-adjusted life expectancy in Korea at the national and district levels
Authors: Lim Dohee , Bahk Jinwook , Ock Minsu , Kim Ikhan , Kang Hee-Yeon , Kim Yeon-Yong , Park Jong Heon , Khang Young-Ho 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to measure differences in quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) by income in Korea at the national and district levels.

Methods
Mortality rates and EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) scores were obtained from the National Health Information Database of the National Health Insurance Service and the Korea Community Health Survey, respectively. QALE and differences in QALE among income quintiles were calculated using combined 2008–2014 data for 245 districts in Korea. Correlation analyses were conducted to investigate the associations of neighborhood characteristics with QALE and income gaps therein.

Results
QALE showed a graded pattern of inequality according to income, and increased over time for all levels of income and in both sexes, except for low-income quintiles among women, resulting in a widened inequality in QALE among women. In all 245 districts, pro-rich inequalities in QALE were found in both men and women. Districts with higher QALE and smaller income gaps in QALE were concentrated in metropolitan areas, while districts with lower QALE and larger income gaps in QALE were found in rural areas. QALE and differences in QALE by income showed relatively close correlations with socioeconomic characteristics, but relatively weak correlations with health behaviors, except for smoking and indicators related to medical resources.

Conclusions
This study provides evidence of income-based inequalities in health measured by QALE in all subnational areas in Korea. Furthermore, QALE and differences in QALE by income were closely associated with neighborhood-level socioeconomic characteristics.
Outcomes of stereotactic body radiotherapy 60 Gy in 8 fractions when prioritizing organs at risk for central and ultracentral lung tumors
Authors: Zhao Yizhou , Khawandanh Eman , Thomas Steven , Zhang Susan , Dunne Emma M. , Liu Mitchell , Schellenberg Devin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
For stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to central (C) and ultracentral (UC) lung tumors, our provincial practice has been to prioritize organs at risk (OARs) constraints by compromising target volume coverage if needed. The objectives are to report the treatment’s efficacy and safety.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of all provincial patients who underwent SBRT at 60Gy in 8 fractions to C and UC lung tumors, from 2013 to 2017.

Results
Ninety-eight lesions were treated, 57 (58.2%) C and 41 (41.8%) UC. The median follow-up was 22.9 months (range 2.5–64.8 months). The 1- and 3-year local control (LC) was 97.8 and 84.5% respectively, with no differences between C and UC groups (p = 0.662). Fifty-three (54.1%) cases had optimal dose coverage (V60Gy ITV&PTV > 95%), 29 (29.6%) had compromised PTV coverage (V60Gy ITV > 95%/PTV < 95%), and 16 (16.3%) had both compromised ITV and PTV coverage (V60Gy ITV&PTV < 95%). No significant difference in LC was detected at 2 years between the 3 groups (95.6, 91.8 and 90.9%, p = 0.717). There were 3 episodes of grade 3 toxicity in the C group (2 dyspnea, 1 pneumonitis) and 2 in the UC group (1 dyspnea, 1 hemoptysis). There were no gr4/5 toxicities. On multivariable Cox regression analysis, ITV size was found to be a predictor for LC (p = 0.001).

Conclusions
SBRT at 60Gy in 8 fractions achieves high rates of LC with low risks of significant toxicities, even if target volume coverage is reduced to meet OARs constraints.
Neoadjuvant radiotherapy improves overall survival for T3/4N+M0 rectal cancer patients: a population-based study of 20300 patients
Authors: Zhao Feng , Wang Jili , Yu Hao , Cheng Xiaofei , Li Xinke , Zhu Xuan , Xu Xiangming , Lin Jianjiang , Chen Xin , Yan Senxiang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT) has been shown to improve local control; however, whether it can improve overall survival (OS) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients remains controversial. We therefore aimed to examine the benefits of surgery alone, neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT), adjuvant RT, and surgery plus chemotherapy in stage II (T3/4N0M0) and III (any T and N + M0) on the OS of rectal cancer patients.

Methods
Date from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database diagnosed between 2004 and 2016 were used. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to compare patient prognoses across different treatment modalities. Cox hazard regression analysis were used to identify independent predictors of OS.

Results
For stage T3/4N0M0 patients, neoadjuvant RT, adjuvant RT, and surgery plus chemotherapy resulted in similar OS (all p > 0.05; mean survival, 115.89 months (M), 111.97 M, and 117.22 M, respectively), with better OS observed in these patients than in patients who underwent surgery alone (all p < 0.001, mean survival, 88.96 M). For stage T1/2N + M0 patients, neoadjuvant RT, adjuvant RT, and surgery plus chemotherapy resulted in similar OS (all p > 0.05; mean survival, 121.50 M, 124.25 M, and 121.20 M, respectively), with better OS observed in these patients than in patients who underwent surgery alone (all p < 0.001, mean survival 83.81 M). For stage T3/4N + M0 patients, neoadjuvant RT (HR = 0.436; 95% CI, 0.396~0.478; p < 0.001) resulted in significantly longer OS than adjuvant RT and surgery plus chemotherapy (mean survival, 104.47 M, 93.94 M, and 93.62 M, respectively), with better OS observed in these patients than in patients who underwent surgery alone (all p < 0.001, mean survival 54.87 M). Older age (> 60 years), black race, unmarried status, high tumour grade, and tumour size > 5 cm were all associated with a poor prognosis (all p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Neoadjuvant RT, adjuvant RT, and surgery plus chemotherapy results in better OS than surgery alone in LARC patients. Neoadjuvant RT has the potential to be highly recommended over adjuvant RT and surgery plus chemotherapy for T3/4N + M0 patients; however, it showed no OS advantage over adjuvant RT or surgery plus chemotherapy for T3/4N0M0 and T1/2N + M0 patients.
Matching actual treatment with patient administration-route-preference improves analgesic response among acute low back pain patients—a randomized prospective trial
Authors: Shani Adi , Granot Michal , Mochalov Gleb , Raviv Bennidor , Rahamimov Nimrod 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundAccommodating a patient’s treatment preference has been reported to promote greater responsiveness and better clinical outcomes. The effect of administration route preference (ARP) on the individual analgesic response has not been extensively examined to date. This study aimed to investigate whether ARP-matched treatment, i.e., individualized intramuscular (IM) or oral (PO) analgesic administration according to patient choice, would increase the analgesic effect.MethodsIn this prospective randomized study, we collected 38 patients with acute low back pain (aLBP) presenting at the emergency room of the Galilee Medical Center (Naharia, Israel) and asked them to report their ARP for analgesics. Regardless of their reported preference, they received either PO or IM diclofenac according to the treating physician’s preference. Pain intensity was self-reported using the numeric pain score (NPS) before and during the first hour after drug administration.ResultsBoth groups receiving PO or IM administration reported similar initial pain on admission, (NPS 8.63 ± 1.5 and 8.74 ± 1.6, respectively) and the same magnitude of pain reduction. However, patients who received the drug in their desired route (oral or injection) had a significantly greater reduction in pain levels (4.05 ± 2.8) as compared with patients who received the undesired route (2.08 ± 1.8),p< 0.05.ConclusionsThese findings support the hypothesis that individualized ARP-matched treatment in aLBP improves therapeutic outcomes, although further studies with larger cohorts are needed.
Effect of time to first ambulation on recurrence after PELD
Authors: Qin Fengwei , Zhang Zhaofei , Zhang Caixia , Feng Yonghui , Zhang Sineng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Study design
Retrospective cohort study.

Objective
To evaluate the effect of time to first ambulation on recurrence after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD).

Methods
From July 2017 to August 2018, 90 patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation underwent PELD surgery. According to the initial walking time, i.e., the time until the patient could walk after the operation, the operations were divided into three groups: early stage, middle stage, and late stage. The follow-up period was 3 months, and complete follow-up data were obtained. The visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores before the operation, at first ambulation, 1 month after the operation, and 3 months after the operation and the recurrence and incidence rates of high magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal in the vertebral endplate area were recorded after the operation.

Results
The success rate was 100% for these 90 cases. The VAS and ODI scores at the first ambulation after the operation significantly improved compared with those before the operation, and the difference was statistically significant. The improvements in the lumbar VAS and ODI scores of the middle- and late-stage groups were better than that of the early-stage group at 1 and 3 months after the operation, and the differences were statistically significant; however, there was no significant difference between the middle- and late-stage groups. The postoperative recurrence rate and rate of high MRI signal in the vertebral endplate area were significantly higher in the early-stage group than in the other two groups, and the difference was statistically significant.

Conclusion
The time to first ambulation after PELD is an important factor affecting the curative effect of the operation. Early ambulation may be one of the factors affecting recurrence after PELD.
Detection of neopterin in the urine of captive and wild platyrrhines
Authors: Sacco Alexandra J. , Mayhew Jessica A. , Watsa Mrinalini , Erkenswick Gideon , Binder April K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundNon-invasive biomarkers can facilitate health assessments in wild primate populations by reducing the need for direct access to animals. Neopterin is a biomarker that is a product of the cell-mediated immune response, with high levels being indicative of poor survival expectations in some cases. The measurement of urinary neopterin concentration (UNC) has been validated as a method for monitoring cell-mediated immune system activation in multiple catarrhine species, but to date there is no study testing its utility in the urine of platyrrhine species. In this study, we collected urine samples across three platyrrhine families including small captive populations ofLeontopithecus rosaliaandPithecia pithecia, and larger wild populations ofLeontocebus weddelli,Saguinus imperator, Alouatta seniculus, andPlecturocebus toppini,to evaluate a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the measurement of urinary neopterin in platyrrhines.ResultsOur results revealed measured UNC fell within the sensitivity range of the assay in all urine samples collected from captive and wild platyrrhine study species via commercial ELISA, and results from several dilutions met expectations. We found significant differences in the mean UNC across all study species. Most notably, we observed higher UNC in the wild population ofL. weddelliwhich is known to have two filarial nematode infections compared toS. imperator, which only have one.ConclusionOur study confirms that neopterin is measurable via commercial ELISA in urine collected from captive and wild individuals of six genera of platyrrhines across three different families. These findings promote the future utility of UNC as a promising biomarker for field primatologists conducting research in Latin America to non-invasively evaluate cell-mediated immune system activation from urine.
Fully-automated production of [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor on the module Modular Lab-PharmTracer
Authors: Spreckelmeyer Sarah , Schulze Oliver , Brenner Winfried 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
PentixaFor is a promising radiopharmaceutical for positron emission tomography in the detection of different tumor entities and other diseases. Until now, the synthesis of [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor was reported for the automated synthesis module from Scintomics® only. Our aim was to evaluate the automated synthesis of this radiopharmaceutical on a different module in order to make it available for a broader community.

Results
The synthesis of [68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor with different amounts of PentixaFor (50 μg, 30 μg and 20 μg) on the Modular Lab PharmTracer (MLPT) from Eckert & Ziegler with the already established synthesis template for [68Ga]Ga-DOTATOC yielded best results with 50 μg PentixaFor for clinical multi-dose application. All different quality control parameters tested (e.g. sterility, stability and radiochemical purity) were in accordance with the European Pharmacopoeia.

Conclusions
[68Ga]Ga-PentixaFor was successfully synthesized fully-automated on the synthesis module Modular Lab PharmTracer and can be used for multi-dose application in clinical settings.
68Ga-DOTATATE PET imaging in clinically non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas
Authors: Boertien Tessel M. , Booij Jan , Majoie Charles B. L. M. , Drent Madeleine L. , Pereira Alberto M. , Biermasz Nienke R. , Simsek Suat , Veldman Ronald Groote , Stokkel Marcel P. M. , Bisschop Peter H. , Fliers Eric 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Clinically non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas (NFMA) have been reported to express somatostatin receptors (SSTR), but results are inconsistent across different studies. This may be related to limited sensitivity and specificity of techniques used to date, i.e. immunohistochemistry in surgical specimens and 111In-DTPA-octreotide scintigraphy in vivo. The aim of this study was to assess SSTR expression in NFMA in vivo using 68Ga-DOTATATE PET, which offers superior sensitivity and spatial resolution as compared with planar scintigraphy or SPECT.

Methods
Thirty-seven patients diagnosed with NFMA underwent 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT of the head in the framework of a randomised controlled trial assessing the effect of the somatostatin analogue lanreotide on NFMA size. Individual co-registered T1-weighted pituitary MRIs were used to assess 68Ga-DOTATATE uptake (SUVmean) in the adenoma. An SUVmean of > 2 was considered positive.

Results
68Ga-DOTATATE uptake was positive in 34/37 patients (92%), with SUVmean of positive adenomas ranging from 2.1 to 12.4 (mean ± SD 5.8 ± 2.6).

Conclusions
This is the first report of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET performed in NFMA patients, demonstrating in vivo SSTR expression in the vast majority of cases. The high positivity rate when compared with results obtained with 111In-DTPA-octreotide scintigraphy probably reflects the superior sensitivity of PET imaging.

Trial registration
Netherlands Trial Register, NL5136, registered on 18 August 2015; EudraCT, 2015-001234-22, registered on 10 March 2015, https://eudract.ema.europa.eu/
Rheumatoid artrhitis treatment in Brazil: data from a large real-life multicenter study
Authors: Gomides Ana Paula Monteiro , de Albuquerque Cleandro Pires , Santos Ana Beatriz Vargas , Bértolo Manoel Barros , Júnior Paulo Louzada , Giorgi Rina Dalva Neubarth , Radominski Sebastião Cezar , Resende Guimarães Maria Fernanda B. , Bonfiglioli Karina Rossi , de Fátima Lobato da Cunha Sauma Maria , Pereira Ivânio Alves , Brenol Claiton Viegas , da Mota Licia Maria Henrique , da Rocha Castelar Pinheiro Geraldo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Last decades witnessed great technological advances in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management, but their implementation in clinical practice might prove difficult. Despite the efficacy demonstrated in controlled trials this information needs to be confirmed by real life data. This study assessed real-life treatment among RA patients.

Methods
REAL study included Brazilian RA patients from eleven centers. Interview and medical records were performed. Continuous variables were compared using Student’s t or Mann-Whitney and categorical variables were assessed with chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests.

Results
1115 patients were included, women 89.5%. Median age 56.6 years, disease duration 152.5 months; 78.7% were rheumatoid fator positive; 55.2% had erosive disease; DAS28 (disease activity index-28 joints) = 3.5, HAQ (health assessment questionnaire) =0.875. The median duration of symptoms until the start of first DMARD was 12 months. A total of 529 (47.2%) patients used corticosteroids; 1022 (90.8%) were on conventional synthetic (cs) DMARDs and 406 (36.1%) on biological (b) DMARDs. Methotrexate (MTX) was the most frequent csDMARD: 748 (66.5%) patients, followed by leflunomide (LFN), used by 381 (33.9%) of patients. MTX was associated to LFN in 142 (12.6%) patients. Only five (0.4%) patients used triple therapy (MTX + hydroxychloroquine + sulfasalazine) or sulfasalazine in monotherapy.

Conclusions
Despite advances in therapeutic resources, roughly half RA patients failed achieve T2T goals and 55.2% developed erosive disease. The frequent use of corticosteroids and delay in initiating DMARDs were demonstrated. Issues concerning timely access to medical care are crucial for effective management.
A deep error correction network for compressed sensing MRI
Authors: Sun Liyan , Wu Yawen , Fan Zhiwen , Ding Xinghao , Huang Yue , Paisley John 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
CS-MRI (compressed sensing for magnetic resonance imaging) exploits image sparsity properties to reconstruct MRI from very few Fourier k-space measurements. Due to imperfect modelings in the inverse imaging, state-of-the-art CS-MRI methods tend to leave structural reconstruction errors. Compensating such errors in the reconstruction could help further improve the reconstruction quality.

Results
In this work, we propose a DECN (deep error correction network) for CS-MRI. The DECN model consists of three parts, which we refer to as modules: a guide, or template, module, an error correction module, and a data fidelity module. Existing CS-MRI algorithms can serve as the template module for guiding the reconstruction. Using this template as a guide, the error correction module learns a CNN (convolutional neural network) to map the k-space data in a way that adjusts for the reconstruction error of the template image. We propose a deep error correction network. Our experimental results show the proposed DECN CS-MRI reconstruction framework can considerably improve upon existing inversion algorithms by supplementing with an error-correcting CNN.

Conclusions
In the proposed a deep error correction framework, any off-the-shelf CS-MRI algorithm can be used as template generation. Then a deep neural network is used to compensate reconstruction errors. The promising experimental results validate the effectiveness and utility of the proposed framework.
Reflecting on the Education Position Statement of AAIDD and The Arc
Authors: Rodriguez Anthony M. , Taub Debbie , Scott LaRon , Copeland Susan R. , Williams-Diehm Kendra , Landmark Leena Jo , Sinclair Tracy E. , Black Rhonda S. , Palmer Susan B. , Thoma Colleen A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article expands on 10 critical actions within the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) and The Arc's 2018 joint position statement on the right of students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) to have a free and appropriate public education (FAPE): (a) zero reject; (b) nondiscriminatory and comprehensive eligibility evaluations and appropriate assessments; (c) high expectations and FAPE; (d) autonomy, self-determination, and decision-making supports; (e) inclusion and least restrictive environments (LRE); (f) safe and supportive education environments; (g) school choice; (h) family and student participation; (i) lifelong education, transition, and postsecondary education; and (j) system capacity development, funding, oversight, and accountability. Research findings documenting positive outcomes associated with implementing each area of action are described and relevant legal mandates and case law are discussed. Recommendations are made for changes to educational systems and practices that create barriers to the access of FAPE for students with IDD.
Fast and accurate tilt-shift-immune phase-shifting algorithm based on self-adaptive selection of interferogram subblocks and principal component analysis
Authors: Yang Shuai , Zhao Weiqian , Qiu Lirong , Wang Yun , Tian Songmei 
Published: February 2020

To eliminate the effect of tilt-shift error on the accuracy of phase-shifting interferometry (PSI), a fast and accurate tilt-shift-immune phase-shifting algorithm based on the self-adaptive selection of interferogram subblocks and principal component analysis (SSPCA) is proposed. First, each interferogram is divided into several subblocks, and principal component analysis and the least-squares method (LSM) are applied to obtain the phase-shift value of each subblock. Next, according to the correlation coefficients between each phase-shift curve, valid and invalid subblocks can be distinguished. Finally, all phase-shift values of the valid subblocks are used to fit the tilt phase-shift plane, and phase results can be obtained using the LSM. Simulations indicate that the accuracy of SSPCA can reach 0.03 rad both for small (1 rad) and large (

2

π

rad) tilt amplitudes, and it takes only one-tenth or less of the processing time of iterative algorithms. Experiments proved that SSPCA can be applied even without a precision phase shifter and thus provides a low-cost approach for PSI with both high precision and speed.
Neutral attenuating pinhole for x-ray imaging of high-intensity sources
Authors: Wengrowicz Jonathan M. , Hurvitz Gilad 
Published: February 2020

Pinhole imagers are common x-ray diagnostics in high energy density physics experiments, where temperatures exceeding

10
7

K

are reached in the laboratory. In such extreme conditions, self-emitted black-body x-ray radiation is the main drive for physical phenomena (energy transport, shock waves). In order to avoid damages to the detector, high-pass filters are commonly used. The passed photons are

∼

10

times more energetic than the common photon (maximum of the Planckian) and may fail to show the main drive in the experiment. Here we propose a neutral attenuation pinhole (NAP)—a novel, to the best of our knowledge, pinhole design that provides uniform x-ray attenuation over wavelength while keeping the optimal pinhole diameter. Semi-random distribution of thousands of sub-holes, all located within optimal diameter, results in essential large attenuation while keeping image resolution. Simulations and experimental results of the NAP spatial resolution are similar to a regular pinhole. By using a thick enough substrate, the attenuation is uniform over a wide spectrum. A NAP consisting of a 1 µm thick Au substrate allows constant 1:100 attenuation up to 1.5 keV, while a 3 µm thick substrate can be used up to 5 keV.