bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Does Not Influence Reward-Driven Decision Making of C57BL/6 Mice in the Iowa Gambling Task
Authors: Elsilä Lauri V. , Korhonen Nuppu , Hyytiä Petri , Korpi Esa R. 
Published: December 2020

While interest in psychedelic drugs in the fields of psychiatry and neuroscience has re-emerged in recent last decades, the general understanding of the effects of these drugs remains deficient. In particular, there are gaps in knowledge on executive functions and goal-directed behaviors both in humans and in commonly used animal models. The effects of acute doses of psychedelic lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on reward-driven decision making were explored using the mouse version of the Iowa Gambling Task. A total of 15 mice were trained to perform in a touch-screen adaptation of the rodent version of the Iowa Gambling Task, after which single acute doses of LSD (0.025, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 mg/kg), serotonin 2A receptor-selective agonist 25CN-NBOH (1.5 mg/kg), d-amphetamine (2.0 mg/kg), and saline were administered before the trial. 25CN-NBOH and the three lowest doses of LSD showed no statistically significant changes in option selection or in general functioning during the gambling task trials. The highest dose of LSD (0.4 mg/kg) significantly decreased premature responding and increased the omission rate, but had no effect on option selection in comparison with the saline control. Amphetamine significantly decreased the correct responses and premature responding while increasing the omission rate. In conclusion, mice can perform previously learned, reward-driven decision-making tasks while under the acute influence of LSD at a commonly used dose range.
Incidence of Suspected Serious Adverse Drug Reactions in Corona Virus Disease-19 Patients Detected by a Pharmacovigilance Program by Laboratory Signals in a Tertiary Hospital in Spain: Cautionary Data
Authors: Ramírez Elena , Urroz Mikel , Rodríguez Amelia , González-Muñoz Miguel , Martín-Vega Alberto , Villán Yuri , Seco Enrique , Monserrat Jaime , Frías Jesús , Carcas Antonio J. , Borobia Alberto M. 
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: From March to April 2020, Spain was the center of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, particularly Madrid with approximately 30% of the cases in Spain. The aim of this study is to report the suspected serious adverse drug reactions (SADRs) in COVID-19 patients vs. non-COVID-19 patients detected by the prospective pharmacovigilance program based on automatic laboratory signals (ALSs) in the hospital (PPLSH) during that period. We also compared the results with the suspected SADRs detected during the same period for 2019.METHODS: All ALSs that reflected potential SADRs including neutropenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, eosinophilia, leukocytes in cerebrospinal fluid, hepatitis, pancreatitis, acute kidney injury, rhabdomyolysis, and hyponatremia were prospectively monitored in hospitalized patients during the study periods. We analyzed the incidence and the distribution of causative drugs for the COVID-19 patients.RESULTS: The incidence rate of SADRs detected in the COVID-19 patients was 760.63 (95% CI 707.89–816.01) per 10,000 patients, 4.75-fold higher than the SADR rate for non-COVID-19 patients (160.15 per 10,000 patients, 95% CI 137.09–186.80), and 5.84-fold higher than the SADR rate detected for the same period in 2019 (130.19 per 10,000 patients, 95% CI 109.53–154.36). The most frequently related drugs were tocilizumab (59.84%), dexketoprofen (13.93%), azithromycin (8.43%), lopinavir-ritonavir (7.35%), dexamethasone (7.62%), and chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine (6.91%).CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rate of SADRs detected by the PPSLH in patients with COVID-19 was 4.75-fold higher than that of the non-COVID-19 patients. Caution is recommended when using medications for COVID-19 patients, especially drugs that are hepatotoxic, myotoxic, and those that induce thromboembolic events.
Training Specificity of Inspiratory Muscle Training Methods: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Van Hollebeke Marine , Gosselink Rik , Langer Daniel 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionInspiratory muscle training (IMT) protocols are typically performed using pressure threshold loading with inspirations initiated from residual volume (RV). We aimed to compare effects of three different IMT protocols on maximal inspiratory pressures (PImax) and maximal inspiratory flow (V̇Imax) at three different lung volumes. We hypothesized that threshold loading performed from functional residual capacity (FRC) or tapered flow resistive loading (initiated from RV) would improve inspiratory muscle function over a larger range of lung volumes in comparison with the standard protocol.Methods48 healthy volunteers (42% male, age: 48 ± 9 years, PImax: 110 ± 28%pred, [mean ± SD]) were randomly assigned to perform three daily IMT sessions of pressure threshold loading (either initiated from RV or from FRC) or tapered flow resistive loading (initiated from RV) for 4 weeks. Sessions consisted of 30 breaths against the highest tolerable load. Before and after the training period, PImax was measured at RV, FRC, and midway between FRC and total lung capacity (1/2 IC). V̇Imax was measured at the same lung volumes against a range of external threshold loads.ResultsWhile PImax increased significantly at RV and at FRC in the group performing the standard training protocol (pressure threshold loading from RV), it increased significantly at all lung volumes in the two other training groups (all p &lt; 0.05). No significant changes in V̇Imax were observed in the group performing the standard protocol. Increases of V̇Imax were significantly larger at all lung volumes after tapered flow resistive loading, and at higher lung volumes (i.e., FRC and 1/2 IC) after pressure threshold loading from FRC in comparison with the standard protocol (all p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionOnly training with tapered flow resistive loading and pressure threshold loading from functional residual capacity resulted in consistent improvements in respiratory muscle function at higher lung volumes, whereas improvements after the standard protocol (pressure threshold loading from residual volume) were restricted to gains in PImax at lower lung volumes. Further research is warranted to investigate whether these results can be confirmed in larger samples of both healthy subjects and patients.
Higher Frequency of Hospital-Acquired Infections but Similar In-Hospital Mortality Among Admissions With Alcoholic Hepatitis at Academic vs. Non-academic Centers
Authors: Waleed Muhammad , Abdallah Mohamed A. , Kuo Yong-Fang , Arab Juan P. , Wong Robert , Singal Ashwani K. 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundAlcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a unique syndrome characterized by high short-term mortality. The impact of the academic status of a hospital (urban and teaching) on outcomes in AH is unknown.MethodsNational Inpatient Sample dataset (2006–2014) on AH admissions stratified to academic center (AC) or non-academic center (NAC) and analyzed for in-hospital mortality (IHM), hospital resource use, length of stay in days (d), and total charges (TC) in United States dollars (USD). Admission year was stratified to 2006–2008 (TMI), 2009–2011 (TM2), and 2012–2014 (TM3).ResultsOf 62,136 AH admissions, the proportion at AC increased from 46% in TM1 to 57% in TM3, Armitage trend, p &lt; 0.001. On logistic regression, TM3, younger age, black race, Medicaid and private insurance, and development of acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) were associated with admission to an AC. Of 53,264 admissions propensity score matched for demographics, pay status, and disease severity, admissions to AC vs. NAC (26,622 each) were more likely to have liver disease complications (esophageal varices, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy) and hospital-acquired infections (HAI), especially Clostridioides difficile and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Admissions to AC were more likely transfers from outside hospital (1.6% vs. 1.3%) and seen by palliative care (4.8% vs. 3.3%), p &lt; 0.001. Use of endoscopy, dialysis, and mechanical ventilation were similar. With similar IHM comparing AC vs. NAC (7.7% vs. 7.8%, p = 0.93), average LOS and number of procedures were higher at AC (7.7 vs. 7.1 d and 2.3 vs. 1.9, respectively, p &lt; 0.001) without difference on total charges ($52,821 vs. $52,067 USD, p = 0.28). On multivariable logistic regression model after controlling for demographics, ACLF grade, and calendar year, IHM was similar irrespective of academic status of the hospital, HR (95% CI): 1.01 (0.93–1.08, p = 0.70). IHM decreased over time, with ACLF as strongest predictor. A total of 63 and 22% were discharged to home and skilled nursing facility, respectively, without differences on academic status of the hospital.ConclusionAdmissions with AH to AC compared to NAC have higher frequency of liver disease complications and HAI, with longer duration of hospitalization. Prospective studies are needed to reduce HAI among hospitalized patients with AH.
How Resilience Promotes Mental Health of Patients With DSM-5 Substance Use Disorder? The Mediation Roles of Positive Affect, Self-Esteem, and Perceived Social Support
Authors: Yang Chunyu , Zhou You , Xia Mengfan 
Published: December 2020

Objectives: The existing studies found that resilience is a salient trait that can significantly affect people's psychological well-being with substance use disorders (SUDs). However, few studies examined how the mechanisms are connected between resilience and mental health among patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—fifth edition SUD. This study investigated the mediation effects of positive affect, perceived social support, and self-esteem on the effect of resilience on perceived stress and life satisfaction in SUD patients.Design: A total of 415 patients diagnosed with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—fifth edition SUD from the south of China joined the research.Outcome Measures: The study applied Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Satisfaction with Life Scale to measure patients' resilience, positive affect, self-esteem, perceived social support, perceived stress, and life satisfaction.Results: Structural equation model analysis revealed that positive affect and self-esteem partially mediate the relationship between resilience and perceived stress. In contrast, positive affect and perceived social support partially mediate the relationship between resilience and life satisfaction.Conclusion: The findings provide insights for evidence-based substance abuse intervention that positive affect, self-esteem, and perceived social support can conditional the effects of resilience on promoting the mental health of SUD patients.
Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Consequences of Burnout Among Egyptian Physicians During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Abdelhafiz Ahmed Samir , Ali Asmaa , Ziady Hany H. , Maaly Ayman Mohamed , Alorabi Mohamed , Sultan Eman A. 
Published: December 2020

Objectives: COVID-19 has been recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization, and physicians are at the frontline to confront the disease. Burnout syndrome (BOS) is a syndrome resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed. The objective of this study is to evaluate the frequency and associated risk factors of BOS among a sample of Egyptian physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: Using Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey, a cross-sectional electronic survey was conducted to assess BOS among the target group.Results: Two hundred and twenty physicians participated in the study. The frequency of BOS among the research group was 36.36%. The possibility of development of BOS increased two times with the need to buy personal protective equipment (PPE) from participants' own money, with harassment by patients' families, and was less likely to develop in doctors with older age. While male gender was a predictor of depersonalization (DP), female gender showed a significant association with higher emotional exhaustion (EE). Infection or death from COVID-19 among colleagues or relatives showed significant association with elevated EE and lowered personal achievement (PA), respectively.Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic added new factors to the development of BOS in our research group. Several measures should be taken to support physicians at this stage. These measures include psychological support, organizing work hours, adjusting salaries, and providing personal protective equipment and training on safety measures.
Technical Determinants of On-Water Rowing Performance
Authors: Holt Ana C. , Aughey Robert J. , Ball Kevin , Hopkins William G. , Siegel Rodney 
Published: December 2020

Purpose: Research establishing relationships between measures of rowing technique and velocity is limited. In this study, measures of technique and their effect on rowing velocity were investigated.Methods: Ten male singles, eight female singles, three male pairs, and six female pairs participated. Data from each stroke for forty-seven 2,000 m races were collected using Peach PowerLine and OptimEye S5 GPS units. General linear mixed modeling established modifying effects on velocity of two within-crew SD of predictor variables for each boat class, with subsequent adjustment for power, and for power and stroke rate in separate analyses. Twenty-two predictor variables were analyzed, including measures of boat velocity, gate force, and gate angle. Results were interpreted using superiority and inferiority testing with a smallest important change in velocity of 0.3%.Results: Substantial relationships with velocity were found between most variables assessed before adjustment for power, and for power and stroke rate. Effect magnitudes were reduced for most variables after adjustment for power and further reduced after adjustment for stroke rate and power, with precision becoming inadequate in many effects. The greatest modifying effects were found for stroke rate, mean and peak force, and power output before adjustment, and for catch angle after adjustment for stroke rate and power. Substantial between-crew differences in effects were evident for most predictors in some boat classes before adjustment and in some predictors and some boat classes after adjustment for stroke rate and power.Conclusion: The results presented reveal variables associated with improvements in rowing performance and can be used to guide technical analysis and feedback by practitioners. Higher stroke rates and greater catch angles should be targeted to improve rowing performance, and rower force development for the improvement of power output. Relationships between rowing technique and velocity can be crew-dependent and are best assessed on an individual basis for some variables.
Perception and Attitudes of Residents Towards Impacts of Tourism: a research on environmentally sensitive region
Authors: Şahin Gizem , Akova Orhan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract: Tourism has a social, cultural, economic and environmental impact on destinations. The positive or negative perception of these effects by residents has great importance for the continuation of tourism activities in one region. The aim of this study is to determine the perception and attitude of local people towards tourism and tourism support who have a great interest in nature-based tourism and who demonstrate a great reaction to the projects they believe will harm the nature such as hydroelectric power plants projects, Cerattepe Project and Green Road Project. A total of 449 data from residents living in Arhavi, Borçka, Artvin (Center) and Hopa districts were analyzed in the survey. In the course of testing hypotheses, variables such as age group, marital status, education status, working status, survival time in Artvin and county living in Artvin was evaluated by the Kruskal-Wallis H Test; the gender factor was evaluated by the Mann Whitney test and the correlation analysis was made to determine tourism support. As a result of these analyzes, significant differences were found between demographic factors and the perception of tourism effects and tourism support. In addition, it has been determined that the people living in Artvin find favorable the economic, social, cultural and environmental effects of tourism and they support tourism.
Keywords: Resident. Perception. Attitudes. Tourism Impact.
THz wave emission from the Cu2O/Cu interface under femtosecond laser irradiation
Authors: Chau Yuen-Ting Rachel , Huang Hsin-hui , Nguyen Mai Thanh , Hatanaka Koji , Yonezawa Tetsu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cu or Cu/Au (80 nm thick Cu, 50 nm thick Au) sputtered on Si were kept at 25 °C for a week or annealed at a temperature from 80 to 300 °C, then tested for THz emission under femtosecond laser irradiation (35 fs-800 nm). THz radiation was detected from samples annealed from 80 to 170 °C, which had a Cu2O/Cu interface as the THz source. Cu/Au/Si annealed at 80 °C emitted the highest THz radiation because of high laser absorption by the porous Cu2O layer formed at low temperature and the Au film reflected THz radiation and/or increased the laser absorption by the Fabry–Pérot effect.
Development Portable Spirometer using MPXV7002DP Sensor and TFT Display for Lung Disease Detection.
Authors: Li Kharis Lizarazu Maulidil , Pudji Andjar , Nugraha Priyambada Cahya 
Published: December 2020

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease whose prevalence tends to increase annually, with the World Health Organization (WHO) data predicting in 2020 the disease is the cause of the third-highest mortality worldwide. The assessment of the recurrence of COPD patients is very important, as it will accelerate the decline of lung function and health status. The purpose of this research is to design a spirometer by utilizing the MPXV7002DP sensor and equipped with a graphical display as well as lung health status on the Nextion TFT LCD. A portable Spirometer design has been done using the MPXV7002DP pressure sensor out as a transducer with a display on the Nextion TFT LCD. The design aims to determine the health of lung function by knowing the volume of lung Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expired Volume in one second (FEV1), and Vital Capacity (VC). The working principle of this tool is to process the pressure from the results of the user blowing to the sensor through a mouthpiece which is designed based on Venturimeter law, the data will be processed by the Arduino microcontroller 2560 to be displayed on the LCD TFT and Nextion stored in SD card memory. The result of module validation data against a Spirometer 3L calibrator Benchmarking tool was obtained 1.58% VC error. The value is still below the 5% error tolerance limit so that the VC parameters in the secure module is used.
Salud mental, habilidades de afrontamiento y rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Cuamba Osorio Nehemías , Zazueta Sánchez Nitzia Astrid 
Published: December 2020

El ambiente universitario es un contexto que ofrece retos a los estudiantes y probabiliza la presencia de problemas de salud mental si estos no cuentan con habilidades necesarias para hacerles frente, fenómeno que afecta diversas áreas. Partiendo de los objetivos, identificar la presencia de indicadores de problemas de salud mental y habilidades de afrontamiento en los estudiantes universitarios, y analizar las diferencias entre las variables relacionadas a problemas de salud mental y habilidades de afrontamiento entre grupos de rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios, se estructuró una investigación cuantitativa y transversal, con una muestra de 688 estudiantes, a los cuales se les aplicó dos instrumentos, uno de salud mental y otro de habilidades de afrontamiento; se analizaron los resultados a nivel global y por carrera, además de buscar si presentaban diferencias con el rendimiento académico. Los resultados demostraron que más de la mitad de los estudiantes presentó problemas de salud mental, así como problemas en la ejecución de habilidades de afrontamiento; no hubo diferencias significativas en el análisis comparativo, se discuten los resultados.
Studi Komparatif Usahatani Jagung di Lahan Sawah dan Lahan Pasir Desa Harjobinangun Kecamatan Grabag Kabupaten Purworejo
Authors: Awaliyah Kikik Siti , Hasanah Uswatun , Windani Isna 
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: 1) Mengetahui besarnya biaya, produksi, penerimaan, produktivitas, pendapatan dan keuntungan usahatani jagung di lahan sawah; 2) Mengetahui besarnya biaya, produksi, penerimaan, produktivitas, pendapatan dan keuntungan usahatani jagung di lahan pasir; dan 3) Mengetahui perbedaan biaya, produksi, penerimaan, produktivitas, pendapatan dan keuntungan usahatani di lahan sawah dan lahan pasir. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari analisis biaya, produksi, penerimaan, produktivitas, pendapatan dan keuntungan usahatani jagung di lahan sawah dan lahan pasir serta uji perbandingan usahatani jagung di lahan sawah dan lahan pasir. Pengambilan sampel daerah penelitian dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Lokasi yang dipilih adalah desa Harjobinangun mewakili usahatani jagung di lahan sawah dan lahan pasir. Pengambilan sampel petani dilakukan dengan accidental sampling. Jumlah sampel penelitian adalah 84 petani yang terdiri dari 42 petani jagung di lahan sawah dan 42 petani jagung di lahan pasir. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa usahatani jagung di lahan sawah mempunyai rata-rata biaya produksi sebesar Rp.2.505.355,00 dengan rata-rata penerimaan sebesar Rp.3.843.719,05, rata-rata pendapatan sebesar Rp.2.201.411,70 dan rata-rata keuntungan sebesar Rp.1.338.364,10. Usahatani jagung di lahan pasir mempunyai rata-rata biaya sebesar Rp.4.028.167,70 dengan rata-rata penerimaan sebesar Rp.6.590.571,40, rata-rata pendapatan sebesar Rp.3.988.276,80 dan rata-rata keuntungan sebesar Rp.5.164.698,42. Hasil analisis uji beda biaya produksi, penerimaan, pendapatan dan keuntungan antara usahatani jagung di lahan sawah dan lahan pasir menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan biaya produksi, penerimaan, pendapatan dan keuntungan antara usahatani jagung di lahan sawah dan lahan pasir. Hasil analisis uji beda produksi dan produktivitas antara usahatani jagung di lahan sawah dan lahan pasir menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan produksi dan produktivitas antara usahatani jagung di lahan sawah dan lahan pasir.
Pelatihan Pengolahan Dodol Susu Labu Kuning (Dollabu) Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Nilai Jual dan Kreasi Olahan Labu Kuning di Kelurahan Toriki Kecamatan Anggaberi
Authors: Saranani Milawati , Hasniati Hasniati 
Published: December 2020

Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Toriki Kecamatan Anggaberi Kabupaten Konawe. Para peserta yang mengikuti kegiatan ini adalah ibu-ibu anggota KWT (Kelompok Wanita Tani) yang tergabung dalam kelompkok usaha “Mesida” dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 15 orang. Para peserta aktif dalam mengikuti kegiatan ini baik pada saat ceramah, diskusi maupun saat pembuatan produk. Untuk mencapai tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan metode sosialisasi, pelatihan dan praktik. Peran aktif masyarakat ini disebabkan karena masyarakat kelurahan Toriki sangat memerlukan informasi terkait dengan penerapan teknologi dalam pengolahan labu kuning menjadi dodol susu labu kuning (Dollabu). Tanggapan masyarakat kelurahan Toriki selaku peserta pelatihan sangat positif. Keberhasilan pelaksanaan seluruh kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini tentunya mempunyai manfaat yang cukup baik bagi masyarakat pada umumnya dan pelaku industri rumah tangga khususnya. Adanya peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang pengolahan dodol susu labu kuning (Dollabu), masyarakat dapat melakukan pengolahan sendiri sehingga dapat meningkatkan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat.