bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review And Assessment Of Malaria Epidemic Situation And Re-Transmission Risk In A Central City Of China, 1950-2019
Authors: ZHA Wen-ting , LI Guoqun , FENG Ruihua , LIAO Yu , ZHOU Nan , CHEN Mengxiang , LI Jing , Ren Xiang , SU Yi , YI Shanghui , LV Yuan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: With characteristics of fast transmission and widespread, malaria was the most deadly parasite disease. In China, 13 ministries and commissions jointly issued the Action Plan For Malaria Eradication, which was aimed to reach malaria elimination by 2020. Scientific analysis of the epidemic situation and assessment of re-transmission risk of malaria in Changsha, an important city of central China, are of certain reference value for China to pass the World Health Organization malaria control assessment in 2020.Method: The epidemic situation and control process of malaria in Changsha from 1950 to 2019 have been illustrated, and an adjusted assessment method was used to analyze the transmission risk index (MRI) of imported malaria in different districts of Changsha in recent years. All data were from Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).Results: (1) From 1950 to 2019, there were 282,394 incidences and 39 deaths of malaria in Changsha, the incidence rate has been controlled below 10/1,000,000 after 1990; The fatality rate of malaria in Changsha has always been at a low level, but it reached 10.28/1000 after 2010; (2) Before the year 1978, tertian was the major type of malaria in Changsha, which accounted for 92.71%, but the proportion of pernicious malaria gradually increased after 2000, which accounted for 69.3% since 2010. (3) From 1950 to 2009, the percentage of imported malaria cases in Changsha was only 2.93%; In April 2010, the last local case of malaria was reported in Liuyang, Changsha; After 2011, all cases of malaria in Changsha were imported cases, which were mainly from Africa and Southeast Asia. (4) The re-transmission risk of imported malaria in Changsha from high to low were Liuyang City, Yuelu District, Tianxin District, Yuhua District, Ningxiang County, Furong district, Wangcheng District, Changsha County and Kaifu District. Conclusion: After 70 years, implemented three stages of prevention and control measures, Changsha has achieved the goal of malaria elimination. However, with the imported cases increased, the risk of re-transmission of malaria in Changsha still exists, especially in Liuyang and Yuelu district. Malaria control and prevention should still be taken seriously as an important preventive work in case of the secondary spread.
Explorative Analysis of 60 Metagenomes to Unveil the Abundance of Widespread Functions in the Environment and Its Weight on Functional Indices
Authors: Starke Robert , Piché-Choquette Sarah 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

The total bacterial and fungal functional richness was recently predicted to be millions of KEGG level 3 functions but due to limited space and resource availability together with constraining environmental conditions, the local functionality only comprises a subset of the total functionality. However, widespread functions whose abundance and redundancy depends on species richness or sequencing depth could bias functional indices. Here, we used 20 randomly chosen extant metagenomes from low to high species richness each from aerial, aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems to quantify the distribution of widespread KEGG level 3 functions and their buffering effect on diversity, redundancy and richness.
Results

A different number of widespread functions were detected in each ecosystem with 1,201 found in all three. Diversity found to be similar in the three ecosystems and redundancy that was significantly lower in aerial metagenomes showed identical patterns when all functions were used or when the widespread functions were removed. However, functional richness changed from being significantly higher in aquatic than in terrestrial and aerial metagenomes when all functions are used to no significant differences when the widespread functions are removed. The variance in diversity and richness was higher without widespread functions, making it possible to compare highly dense environments that would otherwise result in similar values.
Conclusions

Taken together, we describe the widespread functiome in aerial, aquatic and terrestrial metagenomes, and its buffering effect on functional indices that are driven by widespread functions which is why, moving forward, we recommend to remove widespread functions from the analysis of metagenome functionality.
Aqueous alteration without initial water: Possibility of organic-induced hydration of anhydrous silicates in meteorite parent bodies
Authors: Hirakawa Naoki , Kebukawa Yoko , Furukawa Yoshihiro , Kondo Masashi , Kobayashi Kensei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Early evolution of Solar System small bodies proceeded through interactions of mineral and water. Melting of water ice accreted with mineral particles to the parent body results in the formation of secondary minerals, the so-called aqueous alteration. Formation of phyllosilicates from anhydrous silicates is a typical alteration effect recorded in primitive meteorites. In addition to mineral and water, organic matter could have been also a significant component in meteorite parent bodies. However, the role of organic matter in the alteration of silicates is not well understood. Here we show the in-situ formation of hydrated silicates through a mineral–organic interaction without the initial presence of water. Proto-phyllosilicates were experimentally confirmed on the anhydrous mineral (olivine) surface after being heated with molecular cloud organic matter analog at 300 °C for 10 days in this study. It could be due to H 2 O generated through pyrolysis of the organic compounds with hydroxy groups. Our results indicated that formation of phyllosilicates on the olivine surface in contact with organic matter can occur in meteorite parent bodies which formed inside the H 2 O snow line but accreted with organic matter, initially without water. Water formed through decomposition of organic matter could be one candidate for hydrous silicate formation in ordinary chondrites from S-type asteroids inside the H 2 O snow line. Although the origin of water in ordinary chondrites is under debate, water generation from organic matter may also explain the D-rich water in ordinary chondrites because primordial organic matter is known to be D-rich.
An ultra-low magnetic field thermal demagnetizer for high-precision paleomagnetism
Authors: Qin Huafeng , Zhao Xiang , Liu Shuangchi , Paterson Greig A. , Jiang Zhaoxia , Cai Shuhui , Li Jinhua , Liu Qingsong , Zhu Rixiang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Thermal demagnetization furnaces are widely used paleomagnetic facilities for progressive removal of naturally acquired magnetic remanence or the imparting of well controlled laboratory magnetization. An ideal thermal demagnetizer should maintain “zero” magnetic field in the sample chamber during thermal treatments. However, magnetic field noises, including the residual magnetic fields of the construction material and the induced fields caused by the alternating current (AC) in the heating element are always present, which often greatly contaminate the paleoamgnetic results at the elevated temperatures or for the magnetically weak samples. Here, we designed a new structure of heating wire named named straight core solenoid to develop a new demagnetization furnace with ultra-low magnetic field noise. Simulation and practical measurement show that the heating current magnetic field can be greatly reduced by using the new technology. Thermal demagnetization experiments demonstrate that the new demagnetizer can yield low noise results even for weakly magnetic samples.
A Simple Self-Adjuvanting Biomimetic Nanovaccine Self-Assembled with the Conjugate of Phospholipids and Nucleotides Can Induce Strong Cancer Immunotherapeutic Effect
Authors: Liu Dan , Liu Jiale , Ma Bing , Deng Bo , Xu Haiyan , Leng Xigang , Kong Deling , Liu Lanxia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Biomimetic nanoparticles have potential applications in many fields for their favorable properties. Results: Here, we developed a self-adjuvanting biomimetic anti-tumor nanovaccine, which was self-assembled with an amphiphilic conjugate synthetized with phospholipids of 1, 2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) and hydrophilic Toll-like receptor (TLR9) agonists CpG ODN. The nanovaccine could not only provide effective initial antigens stimulation and sustained long-term antigen supply with a controlled release, but also induce antigens cross-presentation via MHC-I pathway initiating CD8+ T-cell responses. Moreover, the dense nucleotides shell around the nanovaccine could promote antigens endocytosis via various receptor-mediated pathways into dendritic cells. And CpG ODN interacted with TLR9 triggering the cytokines secretion of TNF-α and IL-10 further boosted the anti-tumor humoral and cellular immune responses, which led to significant tumor suppressive effect and remarkable survival prolongation. Conclusions: So, this nanovaccine self-assembled with phospholipid-nucleotide amphiphiles can serve as a safe, simple and efficient approach for anti-tumor immunotherapy.
Neural progenitor cell-derived nanovesicles promote hair follicle growth via miR-100
Authors: Cao Lei , Tian Tian , Huang Yuanbo , Tao Shiqin , Zhu Xiaohong , Yang Mifang , Gu Jing , Feng Guangdong , Ma Yinni , Xia Rushan , Xu Wenrong , Wang Lei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence shows that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold great promise to promote hair growth. However, large-scale production of EVs is still a challenge. Recently, exosome-mimetic nanovesicles (NV) prepared by extruding cells have emerged as an alternative strategy for clinical-scale production. Here, ReNcell VM (ReN) cells, a neural progenitor cell line was serially extruded to produce NV. Results: The ReN cell-derived NV (ReN-NV) were found to promote Dermal papilla cell (DPC) proliferation. In addition, on a mouse model of depilation-induced hair regeneration, ReN-NV were injected subcutaneously, resulting in an acceleration of hair follicle (HF) cycling transition at the site. The underlying mechanism was indicated to be the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, miR-100 was revealed to be abundant in ReN-NV and significantly up-regulated in DPCs receiving ReN-NV treatment. miR-100 inhibition verified its important role in ReN-NV-induced β-catenin signaling activation. Conclusion: These results provide an alternative agent to EVs and suggest a strategy for hair growth therapy.
The Distribution of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Nurses in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Kgakge Kagiso , Hlongwa Mbuzeleni , Ginindza Themba 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Globally, work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) have emerged as a major occupational public health concern among healthcare workers (HCW), in particular the nurses who are at the forefront of the healthcare delivery system. The 2016 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data for non-communicable diseases reports that Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALYs) for musculoskeletal conditions increased by 61.6% between 1990 and 2016, with an increase of 19.6% between 2006 and 2016. Furthermore, World Health Organization (WHO, 2018), states that the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and the Decade of Healthy Ageing (DHA) 2020–2030 offer a timely and favorable opportunity for increased global attention and action on musculoskeletal health both at national and global level because the burden of disease profiles are shifting from communicable conditions to predominantly long-term non-communicable diseases, commonly including musculoskeletal conditions. Literature indicates that musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) constitute a notable occupational problem among the nurses with low back pain (LBP) being the most prevalent with consequent occupational injuries. There is an increase in literature regarding the MSD which poses a major threat to the health of nurses, hence there is need to investigate measures that can be used to mitigate the burden of LBP among nurses. Therefore, the scoping review will map the existing evidence on prevalence, incidence, mortality, risk factors and economic costs associated with MSD among nurses in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA).

Methods and analysis

Scoping review will be done to explore, describe and map literature on the prevalence, incidence, mortality, risk factors, and economic costs related to MSD among nurses in SSA. The search will be done using databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, nursing academic editions and World Health Organization (WHO) library databases. The search will look for primary studies within peer-reviewed articles as well as gray literature. The list of references from included studies will also be searched. This scoping review will be reported in accordance to the MOOSE and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The NVivo 12 data analysis software will be used to generate themes, and a thematic content analysis will be used to give the narrative account of the review.

Discussion

At the end, this study anticipates to uncover the relevant literature in SSA in regard to prevalence, incidence, mortality, risk factors and costs related to MSD among nurses, furthermore findings from this study will help in identifying research gaps, informing policy, priority in funding and planning and to guide future research.
The effect of preoperative chemotherapy on liver regeneration after portal vein embolization/ligation or liver resection in patients with colorectal liver metastasis: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Pavel Mihai-Calin , Casanova Raquel , Estalella Laia , Memba Robert , Llàcer Erik , Achalandabaso Mar , Julià Elisabet , Geoghegan Justin , Jorba Rosa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction

The primary objective of this systematic review is to assess the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on liver regeneration after liver resection (LR) or portal vein embolization (PVE) in patients with liver metastasis from colo-rectal cancer. The secondary objectives are to evaluate the impact of the type of chemotherapy, number of cycles and time between end of treatment and procedure (LR or PVE) and to investigate whether there is an association between degree of hypertrophy and postoperative liver failure.

Methods

The design of this systematic review will follow the current recommendations of PRISMA. After an exhaustive literature search with pre-established criteria, two researchers will individually screen the identified records, according to a list of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Primary outcome will be future liver remnant regeneration rate. All data will be registered in a predesigned database. In the event of a substantial heterogeneity of selected articles, a narrative systematic review will be performed.

Discussion

The results of this systematic review may help to better identify the patients affected by liver metastasis that could present low regeneration rates after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These patients are at risk to develop liver failure after extended hepatectomies and therefore are not good candidates for such aggressive procedures.

Systematic Review Registration

PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020178481 (July 5th 2020).
Mapping the Organizational Readiness to Change Assessment to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research: Greater than the Sum of the Parts
Authors: Kononowech Jennifer , Hagedorn Hildi , Hall Carmen , Helfrich Christian D. , Lambert-Kerzner Anne C. , Miller Susan C. , Sales Anne E. , Damschroder Laura 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Implementation researchers recognize the influential role of organizational factors and thus, seek to assess these factors using quantitative measurement instruments. However, researchers are hindered by instruments that measure similar constructs but rely on different nomenclature and/or definitions. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) provides a taxonomy of constructs derived from prior frameworks and empirical studies of implementation-related constructs. The CFIR includes constructs based on the original Promoting Action Research into Health Services (PARiHS) framework which highlights the key roles of strength of evidence for a specific evidence-based intervention (EBI); favorability of organizational context for change; and capacities to facilitate implementation of the EBI. Although the CFIR is among the most frequently used implementation frameworks, it does not include quantitative measures. The Organizational Resource and Context Assessment (ORCA) is a quantitative measurement instrument that was developed based on PARiHS, assessing its three domains. Factors within these three domains are conceptually similar to constructs in the CFIR but do not match directly. The aim of this work was to map ORCA survey items to CFIR constructs to enable direct comparisons and syntheses of findings across studies using the CFIR and/or ORCA. Methods: Two distinct, independent research teams, each used rigorous constant comparative techniques with deliberation and consensus to map individual items from the ORCA to the five domains and 39 constructs of CFIR. Results: ORCA items were mapped primarily to three of five CFIR domains: Inner Setting, Process and Intervention Characteristics. The two research teams agreed on 88% of mappings at the higher domain level; at the lower construct level, their mappings aligned for 62.2% of the ORCA items. Conclusions: Mapping results reveal that the ORCA focuses measurement prominently on Inner Setting, Process, and Intervention Characteristics. This mapping guide can help improve consistency in measurement and reporting, enabling more efficient comparison and synthesis of findings that use either the ORCA instrument or the CFIR framework. The guide helps advance implementation science by providing CFIR users with quantitative measures for selected constructs and enables ORCA users to map their findings to CFIR constructs.
Discovery of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase-1(NDM-1) Inhibitors From Natural Compounds: In Silico-Based Methods
Authors: Salari-jazi Azhar , Mahnam Karim , Sadeghi Parisa , Damavandi Mohammad Sadegh , Faghri Jamshid 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase variants and different types of metallo-β-lactamases have attracted enormous consideration for hydrolyzing almost all β-lactam antibiotics, which leads to multi drug resistance bacteria. Metallo-β-lactamases genes have disseminated in hospitals and all parts of the world and became a public health concern. There is no inhibitor for new Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 and other metallo-β-lactamases classes, so metallo-β-lactamases inhibitor drugs became an urgent need. In this study, multi-steps virtual screening was done over the NPASS database with 35032 natural compounds. At first Captopril was extracted from 4EXS PDB code and use as a template for the first structural screening and 500 compounds obtained as hit compounds by molecular docking. Then the best ligand, i.e. NPC120633 was used as templet and 800 similar compounds were obtained. As a final point, ten compounds i.e. NPC171932, NPC100251, NPC18185, NPC98583, NPC112380, NPC471403, NPC471404, NPC472454, NPC473010 and NPC300657 had proper docking scores, and a 50 ns molecular dynamics simulation was performed for calculation binding free energy of each compound with new Delhi metallo-β-lactamase. 3D conformational alignment and protein sequence alignment of all new Delhi metallo-β-lactamase variants and all types of metallo-β-lactamases were done. Then the conserved and crucial residues in the catalytic activity of metallo-β-lactamases were detected. These residues had similar 3D coordinates in the 3D conformational alignment. So it is possible that all types of metallo-β-lactamases can inhibit by these ten compounds. Therefore, these compounds were proper to mostly inhibit all new Delhi metallo-β-lactamase and metallo-β-lactamases in experimental studies.
Experience Repatriation Of Citizens From Epicentre Using Commercial Flights During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Karim Sarah Abdul , Karim Sarah Shaikh Abdul , Ta Fariza Anis Md , Mohamad Umul Khair , Bakar Marlina Abu , Mohamad Khairul Nizam , Suleiman Maria , Khan Hussein Omar , N Julina Md 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: During the Covid-19 pandemic, many countries instituted closure of borders from international and local travel. Stranded citizens appeal to their governments to embark on citizen repatriation missions. Between February to April 2020, the Government of Malaysia directed repatriation of its citizens from China, Iran, Italy and Indonesia. We describe the preparation and execution of the repatriation mission using chartered commercial aircraft. The mission objectives were to repatriate as many citizens based on aircraft capacity and prevent onboard transmission of the disease to flight personnel.Results: A total of five repatriation missions performed lead by National Agency for Disaster Management (NADMA) with the Ministry of Health providing technical expertise. Total of 432 numbers of citizens were repatriated from the missions. The operations were divided into four phases: pre-boarding screening phase, boarding and in-flight phase, reception phase and the quarantine phase. The commercial aircraft used from two different commercial airlines. Each mission had flight crew members between 10 to 17 people. There were 82 positive cases detected among the repatriated citizens. There was a single positive case of a healthcare worker involved in the mission, based sample taken on arrival of the flight. There were no infections involving flight team members.Conclusion: Medical flight crew must be familiar with aircraft fittings that differ from one commercial airline to another as it influences infection control practices. A clear understanding of socio-political situation of a country, transmission routes of a pathogen, disease presentation, knowledge of aviation procedures, aircraft engineering and design is of great importance in preparing for such missions. Our approach of multidiscipline team involvement managed to allow us to provide a execute the operations successfully.