bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of osteoradionecrosis of the jaws: A retrospective study of 620 head and neck cancer patients treated by radiotherapy
Authors: Kabir Ryma , Durand Robert , Roberge David , Dufresne Eric , Nguyen-Tân Phuc Félix , Schmittbuhl Matthieu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background This study aims to assess systemic and local risk factors influencing the development of osteoradionecrosis of the jaws (ORN) and its incidence in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of 620 adult patients following radiation for a head and neck cancer in 2011 or 2012. Results Of the 181 patients who did not require any extraction, the incidence of ORN was 0.5%. Of the 266 patients with 1491 dental extractions (mean 5.5 teeth per patient) performed before radiotherapy, the incidence of ORN was 3.7%. ORN was always observed in extraction sites located in the field of radiation. No dental extractions were done during radiotherapy. Of the 20 patients with 53 dental extractions (mean 2.7 teeth per patient) performed after radiotherapy, 15 teeth were located in the field of radiation. No case of ORN was reported in that group. For edentulous patients, ORN incidence was 1.7%. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, the incidence of ORN can be minimized with a meticulous pre-radiotherapy dental examination, a comprehensive treatment plan and diligent post-radiotherapy follow-ups conducted by an experienced multidisciplinary team.
Respiratory distress in Full and Post term neonates: Prevalence, Etiologies and Outcomes in a Tertiary Health Center in Yaoundé
Authors: Kue Didi Stanine Mefo , Nanfack Aude Sabine , NLEND ANNE ESTHER NJOM 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction Respiratory distress (RD) is a common condition for admission of newborns in neonatal care unit (NCU), in both preterm and full-term neonates. Our objective was to describe the clinical features, causes and treatment of RD in full term neonates in a tertiary health center in Yaoundé, the Essos Hospital Centre (EHC). Patients and Method We conducted a cross sectional retrospective study. Full term neonates with RD at EHC from January 2017 to December 2018 were included, assuming clinical signs of RD prior to 48 hours following admission. Factors evaluated: incidence of RD, main etiologies, short term outcomes and risk factors for severity. Data were collected using a chart, then analyzed using software Stata Version 13.Results 186 full term neonates out of 2312 newborn babies admitted in NCU, met the inclusion criteria giving a prevalence rate of RD of 8%. Sex ratio of 2.15 was favoring males; median age at admission was 7.25 hours and 89.2 % were born at a median gestational age of 38 weeks. Clinical signs of RD were dominated by signs of respiratory control with a Silverman score above 4/10 in 64%. The most common etiologies were neonatal infection / pneumonia (45.9%), followed by transient tachypnea. Clinical management was performed using nasal cannula oxygen and antibiotics. Perinatal asphyxia, cyanosis and caesarian section were found to be associated with severe RD in this setting. Mortality rate was 10.4%.Conclusion RD in full term neonates is common in this setting, with neonatal infection as preeminent etiology; the mortality rate is high and the management still inappropriate.
Prognostic value of aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Rongqiang , Zheng Shiyang , Peng Shengjia , Ge Qianmin , Lin Qi , Liang Rongbing , Shi Wenqing , Shao Yi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: It has been reported that the expression of aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) is abnormal in various types of cancer, and could be used as a prognostic biomarker. However, the results are controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the prognostic value of AKR1B10 expression in solid tumors by conducting a meta-analysis.Methods: The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival and disease-free survival/relapse-free survival were calculated to estimate the prognostic significance of AKR1B10 using the random effects model. Subgroup, meta-regression, and sensitivity analyses were used to investigate sources of heterogeneity. Begg’s test and Egger’s test were used to evaluate publication bias.Results: Eleven studies involving 1,389 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis displayed that high expression of AKR1B10 was not associated with OS(HR=1.22; 95% CI: 0.73–2.04) and DFS/PFS (HR=1.23, 95% CI 0.75–2.01) in solid tumors. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the results of the meta-analysis were stable. Begg’s test and Egger’s test also confirmed the absence of publication bias.Conclusions: We demonstrated that high expression of AKR1B10 was not associated with survival outcomes in patients with solid tumors. Further large-sample, prospective, multi-centric, and well-designed studies are warranted to investigate the prognostic role of AKR1B10 in various cancers.
Treatment outcomes of 125I low-dose-rate brachytherapy vs radical prostatectomy for patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer
Authors: Zhou Zhien , He Meiting , Zhou Yi , Yan Weigang , Wu Xingcheng , Zheng Zhibo , Zhang Fuquan , Ji Zhigang , Li Hanzhong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Radical prostatectomy (RP) and low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR) are two widely used treatment options for patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer (IRPC). However, which one is better remains controversial. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of RP vs LDR for patients with IRPC. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 361 IRPC patients who underwent treatment from January 2010 and August 2017. 160 underwent RP and 201 underwent LDR using Iodine-125. Biochemical failure for RP was defined as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels > 0.2 ng/ml, and for LDR as nadir PSA level + 2 ng/ml. The log-rank test compared biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS) between the two modalities, and Cox regression identified factors associated with bRFS. Results: Median follow-up was 54 months for RP and 69 months for LDR. The 5-and 8-year bRFS rates were 70.2% and 63.1% in the RP group, and 83.2% and 68.9% in the LDR group, respectively, P=0.003. There were no significant differences in terms of clinical relapse-free survival (cRFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS) or overall survival (OS) between the two groups. Conclusion: LDR is a reasonable treatment option for IRPC patients, yielding improved bRFS and equivalent rates of cRFS, CSS and OS compared with RP.
A New Predictor of Disease Severity in Patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
Authors: Zhou Ying , Yang Zhen , Guo Yanan , Geng Shuang , Gao Shan , Ye Shenglan , Hu Yi , Wang Yafei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) broke out in Wuhan, Hubei, China. This study sought to elucidate a novel predictor of disease severity in patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) cased by SARS-CoV-2.Methods Patients enrolled in this study were all hospitalized with COVID-19 in the Central Hospital of Wuhan, China. Clinical features, chronic comorbidities, demographic data, and laboratory and radiological data were reviewed. The outcomes of patients with severe pneumonia and those with non-severe pneumonia were compared to explore risk factors. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to screen optimal predictors from the risk factors and the predictive power was verified by internal validation.Results A total of 377 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were enrolled in this study, including 117 with severe pneumonia and 260 with non-severe pneumonia. The independent risk factors for severe pneumonia were age, N/L, CRP and D-dimer. We identified a product of N/L*CRP*D-dimer as having an important predictive value for the severity of COVID-19. The cutoff value was 5.32. The negative predictive value of less than 5.32 for the N/L*CRP*D-dimer was 93.75%, while the positive predictive value was 46.03% in the test sets. In the training sets, the negative and positive predictive values were 93.80% and 41.32%.Conclusions A product of N/L*CRP*D-dimer may be an important predictor of disease severity in patients with COVID-19.
Efilter: A Tool for Identifying Unexpected and Erroneous Taxids in Sequencing Data
Authors: Bewick Sharon , Dong Xianghui , Karig David , Fagan William F. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Multiple types of error can enter metagenomics sample analysis, including contamination during sample collection, library preparation and sequencing, as well as incorrect taxonomic assignment by bioinformatics packages. Often, such errors either go unidentified, or else are removed, ad hoc, based on user knowledge of microbial ecology. However, becausedifferent researchers are more or less familiar with the ecologies of the various organisms in their systems, filtering is applied non-uniformly at best, with differences in the degree of filtering between studies and between taxonomic groups within a single study.Results: In this paper, we present EFILTER – a tool that capitalizes on decades of research in microbial ecology to identify suspicious or spurious taxa in metagenomics samples based on habitat information. Conclusions: EFILTER allows all microbiome researchers, regardless of background, to examine taxon lists for unusual entries, and to do so in a manner that is systematic and without bias.
Nomogram-Based Prediction of Post-Traumatic Occult Shock: Development and Evaluation of Novel Predictive Scores
Authors: Wang Qiang , Peng Guoxuan , Gan Lebin , Deng Zhihong , Sun Jiali , Wang Jun , Chen Guofen , Zeng Ling , deng jin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Shock is a common severe complication of trauma and can result in multiple organ dysfunction and even death. To improve prognosis, it is crucial that clinicians intervene and treat occult shock, which shows no obvious changes in vital signs. The purpose of this study was to develop a new, nomogram-based shock prediction score model that is independent of the trauma injury severity score, abbreviated injury scale, and Glasgow coma scale. Our shock prediction score should help clinicians diagnose post-traumatic occult shock (PTOS) early and intervene promptly to improve patient outcomes.

Patients and methods

This study recruited 1005 injured patients (431 with shock and 574 without shock) from the emergency department of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University. Based on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator technology, 31 commonly used indicators were screened for influence on traumatic shock. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to screen each independent influencing factor (p < 0.05), construct a nomogram-based prediction model, and formulate a PTOS score. We also estimated the predictive power of the model using C-index and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of PTOS. The stability and net benefit range of this model were evaluated using a calibration diagram, internal grouping data verification, and decision curve analysis.

Results

Six individual influencing factors were selected using multivariate logistic regression to construct the nomogram-based model (systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, white blood cell count, absolute basophil count, red blood cell count, and hematocrit). The incidence of traumatic shock increased with an increase in the PTOS score. The C-index of the PTOS score in the training dataset was 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90– 0.94), and the AUC was 0.92. The C-index of the validation dataset was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.86–0.94), and the AUC value was 0.90. The calibration chart showed that our model had excellent prediction. Decision curve analysis showed that the shock nomogram predictive score was clinically useful when the intervention was decided at a shock probability threshold more significant than 2%.

Conclusion

Using clinical electronic medical record system data, we developed and validated a new PTOS score with high accuracy, stability, and calibration to predict the risk of shock in patients with trauma.
Natural Plant-Based Additives Can Improve Ruminant Performance by Influencing the Rumen Microbiome
Authors: Ornaghi Mariana , Prado Rodolpho M. , Ramos Tatiane R. , Catalano Francisco R. , Mottin Camila , Creevey Christopher J. , Huws Sharon A. , Prado Ivanor N. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The use of synthetic compounds as growth promoters in animal production, is now limited or even banned by health agencies globally due to human safety concerns. In feedlot cattle, when using high grain diets, it is necessary to supplement the diet with compounds capable of modulating the rumen in order to reduce the incidence of acidosis and improve growth. In this context, natural substances have become promising substitutes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a natural additive blend (NA) on animal performance, the rumen microbiome and ingestive behavior in 40 young bulls.Results The initial and final average body weight was similar (P > 0.05) for all diets, although average daily gain increased linearly (P < 0.01) when NA was fed. However, feed efficiency improved linearly (P < 0.05) by including NA in the diet. Principal volatile fatty acid: acetic, butyric, isovaleric and valeric decreased linearly (P < 0.02) following NA addition. Similarly, NA addition linearly decreased (P < 0.02) the acetate/propionate ratio. The propionate and isobutyric acid concentrations showed a positive quadratic effect (P < 0.05). Furthermore, NA addition reduced ammonia concentrations (P < 0.001) and ruminal pH was not affected (P > 0.05) by the diets. The rumen microbiome was significantly different between beef cattle fed the different treatments (P < 0.05), with a reduction in the archaea, and within the Clostridium, Robinsoniella, Acidaminococcus, Acetitomaculum, Succinimonas and Weissella (P < 0.05) seen when NA was fed. The functional capacity of the rumen microbiome was affected following NA supplementation. Overall, we observed Aldehyde oxidase/xanthine dehydrogenase, molybdopterin binding; RecG, N-terminal antiparallel four helix bundle; Transposase, ISC1217; Restriction endonuclease, type II, XamI; Acyl-protein synthetase, LuxE; ABC-2 transporter; which could be related to the natural additives mechanism of action.Conclusions Animal performance was improved in a dose-dependent manner by natural additive addition to the diet of bulls. These beneficial effects are correlated to changes in the rumen microbiome. Our findings suggest that the natural additive blend used in this study could be used as an alternative natural substitute to synthetic antibiotics for animal production.
WITHDRAWN: BMI status relative to international and national growth references among Pakistani school-age girls
Authors: Karim Asima , Qaisar Rizwan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
A sizable proportion of school going children from developing countries has abnormal growth parameters, which are often not standardized with international reference values. We intended to evaluate the prevalence of BMI status in schoolgirls of the Punjab by using international and national references.
Methods
In this population based cross-sectional study, 10,050 school-going girls aged 8–16 years from 12 districts of northern, central and southern Punjab were recruited. Estimates of normal weight, underweight, overweight and obesity were calculated in the girls according to three international BMI references including centres for disease control (CDC) 2000, international obesity task force (IOTF) 2012 and world health organisation (WHO) 2007 in addition to national reference for population under study. We used Cohen’s kappa statistics to analyse agreement of our data with reference values.
Results
There was marked overestimation of underweight (23.9%, 14.5%, 15.2% and 4.37%), slight underestimation of overweight (5.3%, 7.3%, 7.9% and 8.97%) and moderate underestimation of obesity (1.9%, 1.5%, 2.2% and 5.67%) according to CDC, IOTF, WHO and local reference, respectively. When the weight status of the study cohort was compared with the local data, we found comparable results in all the four weight categories.
Conclusion
We recommend selection of appropriate reference to estimate prevalence of weight status in school-age girls for devising strategies for public health policy and management.
The Comparison of Efficacy and Complications of Coblation and Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation for V2/V3 Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 292 Cases
Authors: Wang ChenHui , Dou Zhi , Yan MengWei , Zhao Rui , Han YuJie , Ni Jiaxiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Coblation is a novel technique in respect of treating idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. We aimed to identify the efficacy and complications between radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFT) and coblation for V2/V3 idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (ITN) and investigate the risk factors associated with postoperative facial numbness.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed our cohort of 292 patients who had undergone RFT or coblation for V2/V3 ITN. The characteristics of the baseline were collected before surgery. Pain scores, the degree of facial numbness and other complications were evaluated at discharge and 1month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after surgery.
Results
Postoperative pain intensity was apparently alleviated in both groups. The initial and 12-months remission rates were 94.0% and 75.3% in coblation group compared with 96.9% and 78.4% in RFT group (P = 0.462, P = 0.585). The degree of postoperative facial numbness tended to be more severe in RFT group at discharge, 1 month, 6 months and 12 months (P = 0.006, P = 0.026, P = 0.004, P = 0.003). Factors significantly associated with more severe facial numbness were procedure of RFT (OR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.28–0.76, P = 0.002), history of previous RFT at the affected side (OR = 2.33, 95%CI: 1.21–4.48, P = 0.011), and ITN with concomitant continuous pain (OR = 0.36, 95%CI: 0.18–0.71, P = 0.004).
Conclusion
Coblation could reduce the degree of postoperative facial numbness for ITN, and the efficacy was no less effective than RFT. History of previous RFT at the affected side, procedure of RFT, ITN with concomitant continuous pain was identified as significant factors of the development of postoperative facial numbness.
Network Pharmacology Reveals the Multiple Mechanisms of Xiaochaihu Decoction in the Treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Hu Qichao , Wei Shizhang , Wen Jianxia , Zhang Wenwen , Jiang Yinxiao , Qu Caiyan , Xiang Junbao , Peng Xi , Ma Xiao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) is a chronic disease worldwide, which poses a huge threat to human health. Xiaochaihu decoction is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription. It has been proven effective in treating NAFLD but its mechanism is still unclear.Objective Multiple mechanisms of Xiaochaihu decoction are explored by identifying and connecting potential targets and active ingredients in the treatment of NAFLD.Methods Active ingredients and related targets of seven herbs were collected from TCMSP database. The related targets of NAFLD were obtained from Genes cards database, TDD and OMIM database. The intersected targets of disease targets and drug targets were input into STRING database to construct protein-protein interaction network. DAVID database was used for GO enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis.Results After screening and removal of duplicates, a total of 145 active ingredients and 105 potential targets were obtained. PPI network manifested that AKT1, IL6 and JUNwere the key target proteins. The results of GO enrichment analysis mainly involved cytokine receptor binding, cytokine activity, and heme binding. The results of KEGG analysis suggested that the mechanism mainly involved in AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, Hepatitis C, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis. The signaling pathways were further integrated as network manner. The network contained immunity regulation, metabolism regulation and oxidative stress regulation.Conclusion Xiaochaihu decoction plays a key role in the treatment of NAFLD with multiple targets and pathways. Immunity regulation, metabolism regulation and oxidative stress regulation consist of the crucial regulation cores in mechanism.
Efficient and Accurate Single-Base Genome Editing in Corynebacterium Glutamicum by Target-Mismatched CRISPR/Cpf1
Authors: Kim Hyun Ju , Oh Se Young , Lee Sang Jun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background CRISPR/Cpf1 has emerged as a new CRISPR-based genome editing tool because, in comparison with CRIPSR/Cas9, it has a different T-rich PAM sequence to expand the target DNA sequence. Base editing in the microbial genome can be facilitated by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis (ODM) followed by negative selection with the CRISPR/Cpf1 system. However, single point mutations aided by Cpf1 negative selection have been rarely reported in C. glutamicum.Results This study aimed to introduce an amber stop codon in crtEb encoding lycopene hydratase, through ODM and Cpf1-mediated negative selection; deficiency of this enzyme causes pink coloration due to lycopene accumulation in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Consequently, on using double-, triple-, and quadruple-base-mutagenic oligonucleotides, 91.5–95.3% pink cells were obtained among the total live C. glutamicum cells. However, among the negatively selected live cells, 0.6% pink cells were obtained using single-base-mutagenic oligonucleotides, indicating that very few single-base mutations were introduced, possibly owing to mismatch tolerance. This led to the consideration of various target-mismatched crRNAs to prevent the death of single-base-edited cells. Consequently, we obtained 99.7% pink colonies after CRISPR/Cpf1-mediated negative selection using an appropriate single-mismatched crRNA. Furthermore, Sanger sequencing revealed that single-base mutations were successfully edited in the 99.7% of pink cells, while only two of nine among 0.6% of pink cells were accurately edited.Conclusions The present results indicate that the target-mismatched Cpf1 negative selection method is not only efficient in C. glutamicum, but also an accurate single-base genome editing method.