bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic optimization subsumed in stability phenomena
Authors: Gonzalez-Ayala J. , Medina A. , Roco J. M. M. , Calvo Hernández A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the present paper the possibility of an energetic self-optimization as a consequence of thermodynamic stability is addressed. This feature is analyzed in a low dissipation refrigerator working in an optimized trade-off regime (the so-called Omega function). The relaxation after a perturbation around the stable point indicates that stability is linked to trajectories in which the thermodynamic performance is improved. Furthermore, a limited control over the system is analyzed through consecutive external random perturbations. The statistics over many cycles corroborates the preference for a better thermodynamic performance. Endoreversible and irreversible behaviors play a relevant role in the relaxation trajectories (as well as in the statistical performance of many cycles experiencing random perturbations). A multi-objective optimization reveals that the well-known endoreversible limit works as an attractor of the system evolution coinciding with the Pareto front, which represents the best energetic compromise among efficiency, entropy generation, cooling power, input power and the Omega function. Meanwhile, near the stable state, performance and stability are dominated by an irreversible behavior.
Clinical correlates of nocardiosis
Authors: Margalit Ili , Goldberg Elad , Ben Ari Yaara , Ben-Zvi Haim , Shostak Yael , Krause Ilan , Muhsen Khitam 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNocardiais an opportunistic pathogen that most frequently affects the lungs. Evidence is limited regarding the risk factors for nocardiosis. The current study assessed clinical correlates of nocardiosis. A retrospective study was conducted based on medical records of consecutive adult patients (N = 60) with nocardiosis hospitalized during 2007–2018 at a tertiary hospital in central Israel. A matched comparison group of 120 patients was randomly selected among hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were fitted. Immunosuppressive pharmacotherapy was positively associated with nocardiosis (matched odds ratio [OR] 4.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.25–8.62,p < 0.001), particularly corticosteroid therapy (matched OR 4.69, 95% CI 2.45–8.99,p < 0.001). Systemic corticosteroid therapy was strongly associated with pulmonary nocardiosis (matched OR 5.90, 95% CI 2.75–12.66,p < 0.001). The positive association between solid organ transplantation and nocardiosis was attenuated following adjustment for systemic corticosteroids in a multivariable model. The association between corticosteroid therapy and nocardiosis appeared stronger in patients with chronic pulmonary disease (OR 5.74, 95% CI 2.75–12.66,p < 0.001) than in the pooled analysis of all nocardiosis cases. In conclusion, corticosteroid therapy was strongly correlated with nocardiosis, particularly among individuals with chronic pulmonary disease and in pulmonary nocardiosis.
Pseudotyping of VSV with Ebola virus glycoprotein is superior to HIV-1 for the assessment of neutralising antibodies
Authors: Steeds Kimberley , Hall Yper , Slack Gillian S. , Longet Stephanie , Strecker Thomas , Fehling Sarah Katharina , Wright Edward , Bore Joseph Akoi , Koundouno Fara Raymond , Konde Mandy Kader , Hewson Roger , Hiscox Julian A. , Pollakis Georgios , Carroll Miles W. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEbola virus (EBOV) is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus that can cause Ebola virus disease (EVD). It is thought that EVD survivors are protected against subsequent infection with EBOV and that neutralising antibodies to the viral surface glycoprotein (GP) are potential correlates of protection. Serological studies are vital to assess neutralising antibodies targeted to EBOV GP; however, handling of EBOV is limited to containment level 4 laboratories. Pseudotyped viruses can be used as alternatives to live viruses, which require high levels of bio-containment, in serological and viral entry assays. However, neutralisation capacity can differ among pseudotyped virus platforms. We evaluated the suitability of EBOV GP pseudotyped human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) to measure the neutralising ability of plasma from EVD survivors, when compared to results from a live EBOV neutralisation assay. The sensitivity, specificity and correlation with live EBOV neutralisation were greater for the VSV-based pseudotyped virus system, which is particularly important when evaluating EBOV vaccine responses and immuno-therapeutics. Therefore, the EBOV GP pseudotyped VSV neutralisation assay reported here could be used to provide a better understanding of the putative correlates of protection against EBOV.
IDOL gene variant is associated with hyperlipidemia in Han population in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Adi Dilare , Abuzhalihan Jialin , Wang Ying-hong , Baituola Gulinaer , Wu Yun , Xie Xiang , Fu Zhen-Yan , Yang Yi-Ning , Ma Xiang , Li Xiao-Mei , Chen Bang-dang , Liu Fen , Ma Yi-Tong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHyperlipidemia is one of the main risk factors that contributed to atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD). In the present study, our objective was to explore whether some genetic variants of human IDOL gene were associated with hyperlipidemia among Han population in Xinjiang, China. We designed a case–control study. A total of 1,172 subjects (588 diagnosed hyperlipidemia cases and 584 healthy controls) of Chinese Han were recruited. We genotyped three SNPs (rs9370867, rs909562, and rs2072783) of IDOL gene in all subjects by using the improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) method. Our study demonstrated that the distribution of the genotypes, the dominant model (AA vs GG + GA), and the overdominant model (AA + GG vs GA) of the rs9370867 SNP had significant differences between the case group and controls (all P < 0.001). For rs909562 and rs2072783, the distribution of the genotypes, the recessive model (AA + GA vs GG) showed significant differences between the case subjects and controls (P = 0.002, P = 0.007 and P = 0.045, P = 0.02, respectively). After multivariate adjustment for several confounders, the rs9370867 SNP is still an independent risk factor for hyperlipidemia [odds ratio (OR) = 1.380, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.201–1.586, P < 0.001]. The rs9370867 of human IDOL gene was associated with hyperlipidemia in Han population.
Impact of blood pressure control on retinal microvasculature in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Peng Shu-Yen , Lee Yih-Cherng , Wu I.-W.e n , Lee Chin-Chan , Sun Chi-Chin , Ding Jian-Jiun , Liu Chun-Fu , Yeung Ling 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) is an emerging disease worldwide. We investigated the relationship between blood pressure (BP) control and parafoveal retinal microvascular changes in patients with CKD. This case–control study enrolled 256 patients with CKD (stage 3–5) and 70 age‐matched healthy controls. Optical coherence tomography angiography showed lower superficial vascular plexus (SVP) vessel density, lower deep vascular plexus (DVP) vessel density, and larger SVP flow void area in the CKD group. The BP parameters at enrollment and during the year before enrollment were collected in patients with CKD. Partial correlation was used to determine the relationship between BP parameters and microvascular parameters after controlling for age, sex, diabetes mellitus, axial length, and intraocular pressure. The maximum systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = 0.003) and within-patient standard deviation (SD) of SBP (p = 0.006) in 1 year were negatively correlated with SVP vessel density. The average SBP (p = 0.040), maximum SBP (p = 0.001), within-patient SD of SBP (p < 0.001) and proportion of high BP measurement (p = 0.011) in 1 year were positively correlated with the SVP flow void area. We concluded that long-term SBP was correlated with SVP microvascular injury in patients with CKD. Superficial retinal microvascular changes may be a potential biomarker for prior long-term BP control in these patients.
Resistive switching characteristics of carbon nitride supported manganese oxysulfide: an evidence for the sweep dependent transformation of polarity
Authors: Perla Venkata K. , Ghosh Sarit K. , Mallick Kaushik 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAs part of a program to investigate the materials for resistive random access memory (ReRam) applications, a study has been conducted using embedded manganese oxysulfide (MOS) nanoparticles on the thin film of carbon nitride (CN). A high-temperature in-situ route was employed to synthesis CN-MOS composite where thiourea and manganese chloride was used as the precursor. The electrical property of the CN-MOS composite system (active layer), sandwiched between two gold electrodes, was measured under different sweeping (voltage) conditions. The device displayed different types of switching patterns, unipolar, and bipolar, by changing the sweep direction. The CN-MOS based device also exhibited good endurance and memory retention performances for the period of 104 cycles and 104 s, respectively, for both the polarities.
Diffusionsgewichtete MRT des Abdomens
Authors: Holzapfel Konstantin , Schreyer Andreas G. 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDie diffusionsgewichtete MRT ist heute eine wichtige, ergänzende Sequenz bei einer MRT des Abdomens, insbesondere bei onkologischen Fragestellungen, jedoch auch bei entzündlichen Erkrankungen. Die folgende Arbeit befasst sich mit den technischen Grundlagen und zeigt typische Indikationen und Befunde sowie die Wertigkeit der Methode in der Diagnostik der parenchymatösen Oberbauchorgane und des Gastrointestinaltrakts.
Different Faces: Different Facelift Techniques
Authors: Sedgh Jacob , Fedok Fred G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe introduction and evolution of different rhytidectomy techniques has spawned an exciting era of facial rejuvenation in modern times. To provide patients with the best customized approach to surgery the facial aesthetic surgeon must have familiarity and understanding of the fundamental differences between these techniques. Here we set forth to provide some historical and anatomical perspective, followed by reviewing and comparing some of the key aspects of the most commonly utilized facelift techniques.
Quotation, meta-data and transparency of sources in mediated political discourse
Authors: Fetzer Anita 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Quotation has been defined as metarepresentation, metarepresenting not only the pragmatic force and content of a conversational contribution, but also its source and contextual coordinates. It thus displays a higher degree of explicitness than does the original contribution, as is reflected in explicit metadata which contribute to the contextualisation of the original participation format, the participants’ communicative intentions, communicative goals and intended perlocutionary effects, as well as physical, temporal and discursive setting. The chapter suggests that participants adapt the formatting of their quotations and the entextualisation of metadata to the contextual constraints and requirements of the quoting discourse. In mediated political discourse quotations and metadata are used strategically to (1) intensify the force of a contribution, (2) demonstrate argumentative (non)coherence and (non)credibility, (3) express (non)alignment, and (4) secure discourse common ground between multilayered and multifaceted audiences. On a more global level, quotations contribute to the construal of interdiscursitivity.
How LINE users struggle to come to terms with the adaptability-adaptivity dilemma
Authors: Intachakra Songthama 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article addresses the tension between the two contrasting forces of adaptation, introduced in Mey (1998, 2009). Many aspects of Thai people’s day-to-day interactions through/with LINE, a popular internet-based chat application, challenge the premises that humans should have control over technology (adaptability) rather than letting technology force limits on human’s affordances (adaptivity). My discussion will exhibit how Thai speakers operate LINE to achieve different purposes, both to the benefit and the detriment of themselves and one another, and despite unfavourable consequences from using or interacting with LINE, either known or unknown to them. These practices illustrate changes to various aspects of the Thai mindset and how relationships, identities and interactions among Thais in the modern world are constructed, negotiated and contested.
A-04 Signs of Injury, Preexisting Health Conditions, and Emergency Department Discharge Location among Older Adults with Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries
Authors: Karr J , Iverson G , Isokuortti H , Kataja A , Brander A , Öhman J , Luoto T 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective
Preexisting health conditions are associated with worse outcome following mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), which is especially important in MTBI management among older adults. This study focused on older adults who presented to an emergency department (ED) following uncomplicated MTBI, examining the relationship between clinical signs of MTBI, preexisting conditions, and the location of ED discharge.

Method
Participants included older adults (n = 616, men = 44.8%, ≥55 years-old) who presented to the Tampere University Hospital ED with uncomplicated MTBI (GCS = 15; ground-level falls = 72.4%). Data were collected retrospectively from hospital records, including clinical signs of injury, preexisting health conditions [including preinjury abnormalities on head computed tomography (CT)], and location of follow-up (i.e., home versus other health/rehabilitation facility). A higher odds ratio (OR) indicated a greater likelihood of continued care discharge to another health facility.

Results
Among participants 55–69 years-old, preexisting neurological diseases (OR = 2.92), mental/behavioral health conditions (OR = 3.05), and CT abnormalities (OR = 3.02) were associated with greater odds of continued care. Among participants 70+ years-old, preexisting neurological diseases (OR = 2.60) and CT abnormalities (OR = 2.12) were associated with greater odds of continued care. Preexisting circulatory system diseases, loss of consciousness, and amnesia were not associated with greater odds of continued care for either age group.

Conclusions
Among older adults with uncomplicated MTBIs, preexisting health conditions were associated with greater odds of continued care than loss of consciousness or amnesia. These findings reveal the importance of preexisting health conditions in the acute clinical management of MTBI in older adults, in that preexisting conditions have greater associations with care planning than clinical signs of injury.
A-12 The Dimensionality of Symptoms Before and After Sport-Related Concussion
Authors: Karr J , Iverson G 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective
Multiple factor analyses have examined the dimensionality of physical, emotional, and cognitive symptoms both before and after a sport-related concussion. The current study compared model fit and measurement invariance of five candidate factor models, including a one-factor model, original four-factor model (cognitive-sensory, vestibular-somatic, sleep-arousal, and affective), alternative four-factor model (cognitive, physical, sleep-arousal, and affective), five-factor model (cognitive-sensory separated), and bifactor model.

Method
Student athletes (N = 1,554; 56.7&#37; boys; age: M = 16.1 ± 1.2) completed the Post-Concussion Symptoms Scale (PCSS) at preseason baseline and after a suspected concussion. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted at both time points, with pre-injury to post-injury measurement invariance models (configural, weak, strong, and strict) also examined. Model results were assessed via fit indices (CFI ≥ .90/RMSEA≤.08) and change-in-fit indices (∆CFI ≤ -.01).

Results
All models other than the one-factor model showed excellent fit before and after concussion (CFIs&gt;.95/RMSEAs &#60; .06). Based on pre-injury to post-injury invariance analyses, full weak invariance was established for both four-factor and the bifactor models, and partial strict invariance was established for each of these models following modifications.

Conclusions
Support for partial strict invariance indicates that meaningful comparisons can be made between factor means before and after concussion for the four-factor and bifactor models, evidencing the validity of a total symptom score and specific symptom subscales before and after concussion. The alternative four-factor model may offer an improved conceptual framework compared to the original four-factor model, which included a non-intuitive cognitive-sensory factor. These findings could support the development of normative scores for PCSS subscales for use in research and clinical practice.
A-012 Meta-Analysis of Neuropsychological Intra-Individual Variability in Dementia and Mild-Cognitive Impairment
Authors: S Aita , C Demming , D Knapp , B Hill 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective
Neuropsychological intra-individual variability (IIV) refers to within-person cognitive fluctuation. It is often measured within-task (i.e., consistency) and across-tasks (i.e., dispersion). This investigation meta-analyzed studies comparing cognitive IIV of dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) participants to normal controls.

Method
Eight databases within the EBSCO network as well as ProQuest Dissertations & Theses were searched for original research comparing cognitive IIV between clinical and control samples. Studies were coded using a complex multi-comparison, outcome, and subgroup schema. All data were analyzed under random-effects modeling using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis. Main index of effect size was Hege’s g. The Q and I2 statistics were used to formally assess heterogeneity. Continuous and categorical moderator variables were tested using meta-regression and subgroup analysis, respectively.

Results
This study was a part of a broader meta-analysis looking at IIV across all clinical samples. The initial search strategy yielded 2,962 results, which were reduced to 87 studies for final inclusion. From which, the current meta-analysis included 28 consistency studies (dementia: k = 13, 88 effect sizes; MCI: k = 15, 110 effect sizes) and 16 dispersion studies (dementia: k = 10, 36 effect sizes; MCI: k = 6, 14 effect sizes). Meta-analysis revealed a greater combined effect size for dementia samples (consistency: g = 0.92; dispersion: g = 1.11) than MCI (consistency: g = 0.33; dispersion: g = 0.56). Significant between-study heterogeneity was noted across analyses. Age and education were the only notable moderators.

Conclusions
All clinical subgroups demonstrated significantly elevated IIV compared to controls. The extent of IIV was proportionate to neurologic burden. Dispersion-based IIV may be a more sensitive marker of neural integrity than consistency.
A-013 The Impact of Anxiety and Depressive Disorders on Late-Life Cognitive Functioning
Authors: M Delgadillo , A Boese , M Frank , T Schulte , J Fairchild 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective
Research indicates that the presence of psychiatric disorders is predictive of cognitive performance and increases the risk of developing dementia. Some have found that psychiatric disorders decrease cognitive performance while others have found that they increase cognitive performance. The purpose of the present study is to further investigate the relationship between psychiatric disorders and cognitive performance in older Veterans.

Method
The convenience sample included 216 older Veterans who were screened at the VA Palo Alto Health Care System (94% male, age = 71.8 ± 8.3). Psychiatric disorders (e.g., mood and anxiety disorders) were assessed using the Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview for DSM-IV. Domains of cognitive performance (e.g., Learning and Memory, Executive Function, Processing Speed, Attention, Visuospatial Ability, and Language) were measured using a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment battery.

Results
Results indicated that 25% of the sample had depression (n = 56) and 16% had anxiety (n = 34). Psychiatric diagnoses largely had no effect on executive function, processing speed, or language. Age was found to moderate the association between depression and learning and memory, though there were no main effects for depression on learning and memory. Anxiety was significantly associated with learning and memory performance, and age was found to further moderate that relationship. Age also moderated the association between depression and attention, though no main effects for depression were seen in the model. Anxiety had no effect on attention.

Conclusions
Age and psychiatric diagnoses interact to differentially impact cognitive functioning in late life. These findings support prior research on the complex relationship between psychiatric disorders and late-life cognitive impairment.
A-014 Positive, but not negative, self-perceptions of aging predict cognitive function in older adults
Authors: K Brown , A Mccarrey 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective
Self-perceptions of aging (SPA) refer to expectations and attitudes about one’s aging process and are robustly linked to physical health and longevity outcomes. How SPA correlates with cognitive function in older adulthood is less well known. Thus, the present study sought to examine how a multidimensional measure of SPA correlated with older adult’s performance on a comprehensive neuropsychological battery.

Method
136 community-dwelling older adults (Mage = 70.18, SDage = 5.79 years) from Southeast Idaho were administered a multidimensional measure of SPA; The Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire (B-APQ). This 17-item questionnaire requires participants to rate their agreement with positive and negative statements concerning their aging process. Participants were also administered a demographics form and a comprehensive neuropsychological battery that included measures of memory, attention and executive function.

Results
Both positive and negative subscales of the B-APQ were correlated with various aspects of cognitive function. After controlling for age, sex and education, regression analyses revealed that positive subscales of the B-APQ predicted mental status (β = .19, p &lt; .05), short-delay memory (β = .16, p &lt; .05), processing speed (β = −.21, p &lt; .05) and two measures of executive function (β = −.21, p &lt; .01; β = .18, p &lt; .05). The negative subscales of the B-APQ were not predictive of any cognitive domain.

Conclusion
This is the first study to demonstrate that independent of selected sociodemographic factors, positive, but not negative dimensions of SPA relate to a wide range of cognitive abilities in older adulthood. We discuss our results in terms of positive psychology and the potential for interventions to improve cognitive function in older adults.