bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The STING pathway does not contribute to behavioural or mitochondrial phenotypes in Drosophila Pink1/parkin or mtDNA mutator models
Authors: Lee Juliette J. , Andreazza Simonetta , Whitworth Alexander J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMutations in PINK1 and Parkin/PRKN cause the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in familial forms of Parkinson’s disease but the precise pathogenic mechanisms are unknown. The PINK1/Parkin pathway has been described to play a central role in mitochondrial homeostasis by signalling the targeted destruction of damaged mitochondria, however, how disrupting this process leads to neuronal death was unclear until recently. An elegant study in mice revealed that the loss of Pink1 or Prkn coupled with an additional mitochondrial stress resulted in the aberrant activation of the innate immune signalling, mediated via the cGAS/STING pathway, causing degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and motor impairment. Genetic knockout of Sting was sufficient to completely prevent neurodegeneration and accompanying motor deficits. To determine whether Sting plays a conserved role in Pink1/parkin related pathology, we tested for genetic interactions between Sting and Pink1/parkin in Drosophila. Surprisingly, we found that loss of Sting, or its downstream effector Relish, was insufficient to suppress the behavioural deficits or mitochondria disruption in the Pink1/parkin mutants. Thus, we conclude that phenotypes associated with loss of Pink1/parkin are not universally due to aberrant activation of the STING pathway.
Novel Ocellatin Peptides Mitigate LPS-induced ROS Formation and NF-kB Activation in Microglia and Hippocampal Neurons
Authors: Sousa Nayara A. , Oliveira Guilherme A. L. , de Oliveira Ana Patrícia , Lopes André Luís F. , Iles Bruno , Nogueira Kerolayne M. , Araújo Thiago S. L. , Souza Luan K. M. , Araújo Alyne R. , Ramos-Jesus Joilson , Plácido Alexandra , Amaral Constança , Campelo Yuri D. M. , Barbosa Eder Alves , Portugal Camila C. , Socodato Renato , Lobo Andrea , Relvas Joao , Bemquerer Marcelo , Eaton Peter , Leite José Roberto S. A. , Medeiros Jand Venes R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCutaneous secretions of amphibians have bioactive compounds, such as peptides, with potential for biotechnological applications. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the primary structure and investigate peptides obtained from the cutaneous secretions of the amphibian, Leptodactylus vastus, as a source of bioactive molecules. The peptides obtained possessed the amino acid sequences, GVVDILKGAAKDLAGH and GVVDILKGAAKDLAGHLASKV, with monoisotopic masses of [M + H]± = 1563.8 Da and [M + H]± = 2062.4 Da, respectively. The molecules were characterized as peptides of the class of ocellatins and were named as Ocellatin-K1(1–16) and Ocellatin-K1(1–21). Functional analysis revealed that Ocellatin-K1(1–16) and Ocellatin-K1(1–21) showed weak antibacterial activity. However, treatment of mice with these ocellatins reduced the nitrite and malondialdehyde content. Moreover, superoxide dismutase enzymatic activity and glutathione concentration were increased in the hippocampus of mice. In addition, Ocellatin-K1(1–16) and Ocellatin-K1(1–21) were effective in impairing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and NF-kB activation in living microglia. We incubated hippocampal neurons with microglial conditioned media treated with LPS and LPS in the presence of Ocellatin-K1(1–16) and Ocellatin-K1(1–21) and observed that both peptides reduced the oxidative stress in hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, these ocellatins demonstrated low cytotoxicity towards erythrocytes. These functional properties suggest possible to neuromodulatory therapeutic applications.
Aluminum and aluminum oxide nanomaterials uptake after oral exposure - a comparative study
Authors: Krause Benjamin C. , Kriegel Fabian L. , Rosenkranz Daniel , Dreiack Nadine , Tentschert Jutta , Jungnickel Harald , Jalili Pegah , Fessard Valerie , Laux Peter , Luch Andreas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe knowledge about a potential in vivo uptake and subsequent toxicological effects of aluminum (Al), especially in the nanoparticulate form, is still limited. This paper focuses on a three day oral gavage study with three different Al species in Sprague Dawley rats. The Al amount was investigated in major organs in order to determine the oral bioavailability and distribution. Al-containing nanoparticles (NMs composed of Al0 and aluminum oxide (Al2O3)) were administered at three different concentrations and soluble aluminum chloride (AlCl3·6H2O) was used as a reference control at one concentration. A microwave assisted acid digestion approach followed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis was developed to analyse the Al burden of individual organs. Special attention was paid on how the sample matrix affected the calibration procedure. After 3 days exposure, AlCl3·6H2O treated animals showed high Al levels in liver and intestine, while upon treatment with Al0 NMs significant amounts of Al were detected only in the latter. In contrast, following Al2O3 NMs treatment, Al was detected in all investigated organs with particular high concentrations in the spleen. A rapid absorption and systemic distribution of all three Al forms tested were found after 3-day oral exposure. The identified differences between Al0 and Al2O3 NMs point out that both, particle shape and surface composition could be key factors for Al biodistribution and accumulation.
Serotonin 5-HT4 receptor boosts functional maturation of dendritic spines via RhoA-dependent control of F-actin
Authors: Schill Yvonne , Bijata Monika , Kopach Olga , Cherkas Volodymyr , Abdel-Galil Dalia , Böhm Katrin , Schwab Markus H. , Matsuda Michiyuki , Compan Valerie , Basu Subhadip , Bijata Krystian , Wlodarczyk Jakub , Bard Lucie , Cole Nicholas , Dityatev Alexander , Zeug Andre , Rusakov Dmitri A. , Ponimaskin Evgeni 
Published: February 2020

AbstractActivity-dependent remodeling of excitatory connections underpins memory formation in the brain. Serotonin receptors are known to contribute to such remodeling, yet the underlying molecular machinery remains poorly understood. Here, we employ high-resolution time-lapse FRET imaging in neuroblastoma cells and neuronal dendrites to establish that activation of serotonin receptor 5-HT4 (5-HT4R) rapidly triggers spatially-restricted RhoA activity and G13-mediated phosphorylation of cofilin, thus locally boosting the filamentous actin fraction. In neuroblastoma cells, this leads to cell rounding and neurite retraction. In hippocampal neurons in situ, 5-HT4R-mediated RhoA activation triggers maturation of dendritic spines. This is paralleled by RhoA-dependent, transient alterations in cell excitability, as reflected by increased spontaneous synaptic activity, apparent shunting of evoked synaptic responses, and enhanced long-term potentiation of excitatory transmission. The 5-HT4R/G13/RhoA signaling thus emerges as a previously unrecognized molecular pathway underpinning use-dependent functional remodeling of excitatory synaptic connections.
Heme binding of transmembrane signaling proteins undergoing regulated intramembrane proteolysis
Authors: Kupke Thomas , Klare Johann P. , Brügger Britta 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTransmembrane signaling proteins play a crucial role in the transduction of information across cell membranes. One function of regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) is the release of signaling factors from transmembrane proteins. To study the role of transmembrane domains (TMDs) in modulating structure and activity of released signaling factors, we purified heterologously expressed human transmembrane proteins and their proteolytic processing products from Escherichia coli. Here we show that CD74 and TNFα are heme binding proteins. Heme coordination depends on both a cysteine residue proximal to the membrane and on the oligomerization of the TMD. Furthermore, we show that the various processing products have different modes of heme coordination. We suggest that RIP changes the mode of heme binding of these proteins and generates heme binding peptides with yet unexplored functions. The identification of a RIP modulated cofactor binding of transmembrane signaling proteins sheds new light on the regulation of cell signaling pathways.
Reply to Comments on ‘A functional polymorphism rs10830963 in melatonin receptor 1B associated with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus’
Authors: Huang Bo , Wang Yu-kun , Qin Lin-yuan , Wei Qin , Liu Nian , Jiang Min , Yu Hong-ping , Yu Xiang-yuan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Th authors of ‘A functional polymorphism rs10830963 in melatonin receptor 1B associated with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus’ (Bioscience Reports (2019) 39, 12) have written a reply in response to the correspondence piece by Rosta et al. (Bioscience Reports (2020) 40, 2).
Selection of highly-accreting quasars
Authors: Bon N. , Marziani P. , Bon E. , Negrete C. A. , Dultzin D. , del Olmo A. , D’Onofrio M. , Martínez-Aldama M. L. 
Published: February 2020

Context.The quasar class of extreme Population A (xA) (also known as super-Eddington accreting massive black holes, SEAMBHs) has been hailed as potential distance indicators for cosmology.Aims.The aim of this paper is to define tight criteria for their proper identification, starting from the main selection criterionRFeII >  1, and to identify potential intruders that do not meet the selection criteria, which nonetheless have been selected as xA because of the coarseness of automatic searches. The inclusion of the spurious xA sources may dramatically increase the dispersion in the Hubble diagram of quasars, which were obtained from virial luminosity estimates.Methods.We studied a sample of 32 low-zquasars that were originally selected from the seventh data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey as xA or SEAMBHs, which have been proved to be almost certainly misclassified sources. All of them show moderate to strong Fe IIemission and the large majority show strong absorption features in their spectra which are typical of fairly evolved stellar populations. We performed a simultaneous fit of a host galaxy spectrum, active galactic nucleus (AGN) continuum, FeII template, and emission lines to spectra, using the fitting technique based onULySS, the full spectrum fitting package. We derived the main accretion parameters (i.e., luminosity, black hole mass, and Eddington ratio) and investigate the relation between host galaxy properties and AGN.Results.For sources in our sample with spectral types that correspond to a relatively low Eddington ratio, we find an overall consistency between HβNC, [O III]λλ4959,5007 line shifts, and the mean stellar velocity obtained from the host galaxy fit (within ≲|60| km s−1). Only one source in our sample qualifies as a xA source.Conclusions.The correct classification of spectra that were contaminated by heavy absorption requires careful determination of the host galaxy spectrum. Contamination and misclassification are not usual in the identification of the xAs, nor at lowzor at highz. We find a high fraction of host galaxy spectrum; in half of the sample this is even higher than 40%. When absorption lines are prominent, and the fraction of the host galaxy is high, host galaxy spectrum mimics FeII, which may result in a mistaken identification of FeII spectral features. We have identified several stellar absorption lines that, along with the continuum shape, may lead to an overestimate ofRFeII, and therefore to the misclassification of sources as xA sources.
ISPY-NACO Imaging Survey for Planets around Young stars
Authors: Launhardt R. , Henning Th. , Quirrenbach A. , Ségransan D. , Avenhaus H. , van Boekel R. , Brems S. S. , Cheetham A. C. , Cugno G. , Girard J. , Godoy N. , Kennedy G. M. , Maire A.-L. , Metchev S. , Müller A. , Musso Barcucci A. , Olofsson J. , Pepe F. , Quanz S. P. , Queloz D. , Reffert S. , Rickman E. L. , Ruh H. L. , Samland M. 
Published: February 2020

Context.The occurrence rate of long-period (a≳ 50 au) giant planets around young stars is highly uncertain since it is not only governed by the protoplanetary disc structure and planet formation process, but also reflects both dynamical re-structuring processes after planet formation as well as possible capture of planets not formed in situ. Direct imaging is currently the only feasible method to detect such wide-orbit planets and constrain their occurrence rate.Aims.We aim to detect and characterise wide-orbit giant planets during and shortly after their formation phase within protoplanetary and debris discs around nearby young stars.Methods.We carry out a largeL′-band high-contrast direct imaging survey for giant planets around 200 young stars with protoplanetary or debris discs using the NACO instrument at the ESO Very Large Telescope on Cerro Paranal in Chile. We use very deep angular differential imaging observations with typically >60° field rotation, and employ a vector vortex coronagraph where feasible to achieve the best possible point source sensitivity down to an inner working angle of about 100 mas. This paper introduces the NACO Imaging Survey for Planets around Young stars (NACO-ISPY), its goals and strategy, the target list, and data reduction scheme, and presents preliminary results from the first 2.5 survey years.Results.We achieve a mean 5σcontrast of ΔL′ = 6.4 ± 0.1 mag at 150 mas and a background limit ofL′bg= 16.5±0.2 mag at >1.′′5. Our detection probability is >50% for companions with ≳8MJupat semi-major axes of 80–200 au and >13MJupat 30–250 au. It thus compares well to the detection space of other state-of-the-art high-contrast imaging surveys. We have already contributed to the characterisation of two new planets originally discovered by VLT/SPHERE, but we have not yet independently discovered new planets around any of our target stars. We have discovered two new close-in low-mass stellar companions around R CrA and HD 193571 and report in this paper the discovery of close co-moving low-mass stellar companions around HD 72660 and HD 92536. Furthermore, we reportL′-band scattered light images of the discs around eleven stars, six of which have never been imaged atL′-band before.Conclusions.The first 2.5 yr of the NACO-ISPY survey have already demonstrated that VLT/NACO combined with our survey strategy can achieve the anticipated sensitivity to detect giant planets and reveal new close stellar companions around our target stars.
Therapie der kaninen Parvovirose – Übersicht und aktuelle Erkenntnisse
Authors: Gerlach Moira , Proksch Anna-Lena , Dörfelt René , Unterer Stefan , Hartmann Katrin 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie kanine Parvovirose ist nach wie vor eine weltweit verbreitete und vor allem bei Welpen häufig auftretende Infektionskrankheit. Die Therapie erfolgt
überwiegend symptomatisch und beinhaltet die Behandlung der akuten gastrointestinalen Symptome sowie die Behandlung und Prävention einer möglichen Sepsis
aufgrund bakterieller Translokation. Neben der antibiotischen Behandlung und der essenziellen Flüssigkeitstherapie ist eine ausreichende antiemetische und
analgetische Medikation sinnvoll. Weiterhin sollte eine möglichst frühzeitige enterale Ernährung angestrebt werden, da dies die Genesungszeit verkürzt. Die
gezielte Modulation der intestinalen Mikrobiota kann die klinische Symptomatik reduzieren und möglicherweise langfristige Folgen, wie chronische
Darmerkrankungen, verhindern. Eine antivirale Therapie mit dem rekombinanten felinen Interferon-Omega führte in mehreren Studien zu einer geringeren
Mortalitätsrate und einer schnelleren Besserung der klinischen Symptome.
Intranasale Applikation von Medetomidin bei Hunden
Authors: Betz Daniela Simon 
Published: February 2020

Jafarbeglou M, Marjani M. Comparison of the sedative effects of medetomidine administered intranasally, by atomization or drops, and intramuscular injection in
dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 2019; 46: 815–819
Die intranasale Gabe stellt eine nicht invasive und praktische Form der Medikamentenapplikation dar. Die hochvaskularisierte Mukosa der Nasenhöhle ermöglicht
eine schnelle Absorption und ein direkter Nasen-Hirn-Transport kann unter Umgehung der Blut-Hirn-Schranke über die Nn. olfactorii und trigemini sowie die
Zerebrospinalflüssigkeit effektive Wirkstoffkonzentrationen im Zentralnervensystem bewirken. Ziel dieser Studie war, die sedative Effektivität von
intranasal – per Zerstäuber oder in Tropfenform – appliziertem Medetomidin im Vergleich zur intramuskulären Gabe zu untersuchen.
Therapie von nervenbezogenen muskuloskelettalen Schmerzen
Authors: Ridehalgh Colette 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungNeurodynamische Behandlung? Welche Wirkung haben physiotherapeutische Techniken? Auf welchen Mechanismen beruhen sie? Der Artikel gibt Antworten auf diese Fragen
anhand der aktuellen Evidenzlage. Klar ist: Es liegt viel Potential in der Neurodynamik.
USP8 Mutations and Cell Cycle Regulation in Corticotroph Adenomas
Authors: Martins Clarissa Silva , Camargo Renata Costa , Coeli-Lacchini Fernanda Borchers , Saggioro Fabiano Pinto , Moreira Ayrton Custodio , de Castro Margaret 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCorticotroph adenomas frequently harbor somatic USP8 mutations. These
adenomas also commonly exhibit underexpression of P27, a cell cycle
regulator. The present study aimed to determine the influence of USP8
mutations on clinical features of Cushingʼs disease and to elucidate the
relationship between USP8 mutations and P27 underexpression in these
tumors. Retrospective study with 32 patients with Cushingʼs disease was
followed at the Ribeirao Preto Medical School University Hospital. We
evaluated the patientsʼ clinical data, the USP8 mutation status and
the gene expression of cell cycle regulators P27/CDKN1B,
CCNE1, CCND1, CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6 in
tumor tissue in addition to the protein expression of
P27/CDKN1B. We observed somatic mutations in the exon 14
of USP8 in 31.3% of the patients. Larger tumor size was
observed in patients harboring USP8 mutations (p=0.04), with
similar rates of remission, age of presentation, salivary cortisol at 23:00
h and after 1 mg dexamethasone, ACTH levels, and early postoperative plasma
cortisol. We observed no differences regarding the gene or protein
expression of the cell cycle regulators according to USP8 mutation
status. In this Brazilian series, the observed frequency of USP8
somatic mutations was similar to that reported in European ancestry
populations. Although it was reasonable that USP8 mutations could
contribute to cell cycle dysregulation and P27 underexpression in
corticotroph adenomas, our data did not confirm this hypothesis. It is
possible that increased deubiquitinase activity observed in mutated
USP8 might influence other pathways related to cell growth and
proliferation.
GC-MS Metabolite Profile and Identification of Unusual Homologous Cannabinoids in High Potency Cannabis sativa
Authors: Basas-Jaumandreu Josep , de las Heras F. Xavier C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPhytochemical investigation of the lipids extracted from seeds of Cannabis sativa by GC-MS showed 43 cannabinoids, 16 of which are new. The extract is dominated by Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (A) and its neutral derivative trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol-C5 (THC) Cis and trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol-C7 isomers with an ethyl-pentyl branched chain together with minor amounts of trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol with a methyl-pentyl C6 branched side chain were identified as new natural compounds. Four cannabichromene isomers with a C5 side chain are postulated to be derived from the double bond migration at the terminal isoprenyl unit. C7 cannabichromene together with the neutral and acidic forms of cannabinol-C7 were also detected. The mass spectrum of these homologues as trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives are presented, and the fragmentation patterns are discussed.
Quantifying subjective data using online Q-methodology software
Authors: Lutfallah Susan , Buchanan Lori 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Q-Sort methodology has been used to study participants’ subjective views on various topics (Brown, 1996). The task has historically been completed by manually sorting cards into
categories that force responses into a normal distribution (Brown, 1996). Data
collection using this method is time consuming and manual data entry is prone to human error. We describe here QMethod Software –
a computerized web-based application that allows participants to sort and record their responses online. This online application
eliminates the need for researchers to attend the study sessions and to manually enter data. QMethod Software described here is
currently being used in both applied and cognitive psychology studies, including a clinical study that evaluates participants’
perception of behaviours seen as most characteristic or most uncharacteristic of psychological aggression or coercive control in
situations of intimate partner violence. In a health psychology study, it is being used to examine people’s perceptions of food
allergy, and in a psycholinguistics lab it was used to evaluate the affective valence, abstractness, and semantic richness ratings
of words. We will show here that the data obtained from one of these psycholinguistic studies (abstractness/concreteness)
correlates highly with existing measures (Brysbaert, Warriner & Kuperman, 2014)
thus demonstrating that the Q-sort methodology and this particular implementation, the QMethod Software app, reproduces more
typical evaluations/assessments in the psycholinguistics literature.
Global policies for moving cities: the role of think tanks in the proliferation of Bus Rapid Transit systems in Latin America and worldwide
Authors: Silva Ardila Diego 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Implementation in the late nineties of Transmilenio, a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) based transportation policy in Bogotá (Colombia), marked an inflection milestone for the replication processes of such urban transportation policies. Multiple actors and actions brought the Transmilenio model to numerous cities worldwide, first replicated in other Colombian and Latin American cities later it reached Turkey, China and India and then spread all over the world. This article explores the role of think tanks steering and promoting BRT policies during complexes processes and interactions of power among multiple scales. In doing so, the article situates itself within the research arenas studying linkages between local interests, demands and needs and the global neoliberal allocation of capital and expertise via consulting, advising commerce and construction activities. I argue that BRT promotion think tanks have emerged as powerful mechanisms mobilizing specific transportation policies acting as facilitators of movements via ‘policy translators’, promoters and network developers among the plethora of actors and interests. Methodology utilized is based on data from policy reports, archives and in-depth interviews exploring networked interactions while tracing linkages between think tanks and policy actors and observing knowledge dissemination arenas. This research contributes to the exploration of urban transportation epistemic communities and its role in urban change under a neoliberal global context and underlines the role of emerging policies from the south that permeate global policy arenas, traditionally dominated by actors from developed economies and discusses the mediation of global north institutions in the global south urban policy mobilities landscape.