bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LncRNA NR_030777 Alleviates Paraquat-Induced Neurotoxicity by Regulating Zfp326 and Cpne5
Authors: Yang Hongyu , Lin Qingxia , Chen Nengzhou , Luo Zhousong , Zheng Chunyan , Li Jing , Zheng Fuli , Guo Zhenkun , Cai Ping , Wu Siying , Wang Yuan-Liang , Li Huangyuan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is herbicide widely used in agricultural production. It is identified as an environmental toxicant that could lead to neurodegeneration damage. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a central nervous system degenerative disease that occurs in the elderly. Main risk factors for PD include genetic and environmental variables, but its specific mechanism is still not well understood. Emerging evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in PD. LncRNA NR_030777 has a full length of 2208 bp and is highly conserved among species. RNA profiling showed a significant alteration in lncRNA NR_030777 expression upon PQ-induced neurotoxicity. However, little is known on the functional relevance of lncRNA NR_030777 in the development of PQ. In this study, we discovered a vital protective role of lncRNA NR_030777 in PQ-induced neurotoxicity. The expression of NR_030777 correlates with elevated level of reactive oxygen species induced by PQ. In addition, activated expression of NR_030777 alleviates neurotoxicity by regulating the expression of Zfp326 and Copine 5. We report that lncRNA NR_030777 has a vital protective role in neurotoxicity induced by environmental toxicants such as PQ. This study could serve as an exemplary case for lncRNAs to be considered as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of PQ-induced neurodegenerative disorders such as PD.
Parental-to-Embryo Switch of Chromosome Organization in Early Embryogenesis
Authors: Collombet Samuel , Ranisavljevic Noémie , Nagano Takashi , Varnai Csilla , Shisode Tarak , Leung Wing , Piolot Tristan , Galupa Rafael , Borensztein Maud , Servant Nicolas , Fraser Peter , Ancelin Katia , Heard Edith 
Published: July 2020

(Abstracted from Nature 2020;580:142–146)
Paternal and maternal epigenome analysis has shown atypical patterns of histone modification in oocytes, sperm, and preimplantation embryos that undergo marked changes after fertilization. Previous studies have led to inconclusive evidence on the dynamics of local topological-associated domains (TADs) regarding their absence in the oocyte and appearance in the embryo versus preexistence in the zygote.
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Incidence and Health Care Costs in the United States, 2016
Authors: Strahan Andrea E. , Guy Gery P. , Bohm Michele , Frey Meghan , Ko Jean Y. 
Published: July 2020

(Abstracted from JAMA Pediatr 2020;174(2):200–202)
One of the immediate effects of the opioid crisis is the rise of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), a withdrawal condition primarily occurring in infants who have been exposed to opioids in utero. In the United States, incidence rates for NAS have increased from 1.5 per 1000 births in 2004 to 8.0 per 1000 births in 2014.
Female Genital Tract Microbiota Affecting the Risk of Preterm Birth: What Do We Know So Far? A Review
Authors: Tsonis O. , Gkrozou F. , Harrison E. , Stefanidis K. , Vrachnis N. , Paschopoulos M. 
Published: July 2020

(Abstracted from Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020;245:168–173)
Spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The literature has suggested that vaginal microbiota and its genome, known as the microbiome, may play a role in regulating the maternal immune response that induces early labor.
Long-term Device Outcomes of Mesh Implants in Pelvic Organ Prolapse Repairs
Authors: Chughtai Bilal , Mao Jialin , Asfaw Tirsit S. , Heneghan Carl , Rardin Charles R. , Sedrakyan Art 
Published: July 2020

(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2020;135:591–598)
During the past 2 decades, more than 2 million women in the United States have been implanted with transvaginal mesh as surgical treatment for both stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Several mesh devices were adopted and widely used to address the high failure rates of traditional POP repairs.
Masks and Face Covers
Authors: Joseph Rachel , Highton Mary 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The emergence of COVID-19 swept through the nations, and measures to prevent transmission of infection became the focus for all health care organizations internationally. With the increase in number of cases, the unanticipated consumption of personal protective equipment exceeded the capacity. With the scarcity of masks, the type, use, and reuse became a topic of debate. This article explores the origin, types, and the challenges nurses face regarding the use of masks.
Use of Cannabinoids in Cancer Patients: A Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) Clinical Practice Statement
Authors: Whitcomb B. , Lutman C. , Pearl M. , Medlin E. , Prendergast E. , Robison K. , Burke W. 
Published: July 2020

(Abstracted from Gynecol Oncol 2020;157:307–311)
A comprehensive report published by the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine in 2017 concluded that there exists “conclusive or substantial evidence that cannabis or cannabinoids are effective” in treatment of chronic pain in adults and as an antiemetic agent in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Despite this recommendation, barriers remain to determining the significant short- and long-term health effects of cannabis.
Length of Labour in Mothers and Their Daughters: A Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Ebrahimoff Mindy , Many Ariel , Downe Soo , Tishkovskaya Svetlana , Hall-Moran Victoria 
Published: July 2020

(Abstracted from Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020;245:77–83)
Determining safe limits for the length of labor has increasingly become a topic for debate. While there are a number of known associations between mother and daughter reproductive outcomes, there are no reports in the literature comparing the length of labor in daughters versus their mothers.
Genetic correlates of phenotypic heterogeneity in autism
Authors: Warrier Varun , Zhang Xinhe , Reed Patrick , Havdahl Alexandra , Moore Tyler M , Cliquet Freddy , Leblond Claire S , Rolland Thomas , Rosengren Anders ,   EU-AIMS-LEAP,   iPSYCH-Autism Working Group,   Spectrum 10K and APEX Consortium, Rowitch David H , Hurles Matthew E , Geschwind Daniel H , Børglum Anders D , Robinson Elise B , Grove Jakob , Martin Hilary C , Bourgeron Thomas , Baron-Cohen Simon 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe substantial phenotypic heterogeneity in autism limits our understanding of its genetic aetiology. To address this gap, we investigated genetic differences between autistic individuals (Nmax= 12,893) based on core (i.e., social communication difficulties, and restricted and repetitive behaviours) and associated features of autism, co-occurring developmental disabilities (e.g. language, motor, and intellectual developmental disabilities and delays), and sex. We conducted a comprehensive factor analysis of core autism features in autistic individuals and identified six factors. Common genetic variants including autism polygenic scores (PGS) were associated with the core factors butde novovariants were not, even though the latent factor structure was similar between carriers and non-carriers ofde novovariants. We identify that increasing autism PGS decrease the likelihood of co- occurring developmental disabilities in autistic individuals, which reflects both a true protective effect and additivity between rare and common variants. Furthermore in autistic individuals without co-occurring intellectual disability (ID), autism PGS are overinherited by autistic females compared to males. Finally, we observe higher SNP heritability for males and autistic individuals without ID, but found no robust differences in SNP heritability by the level of core autism features. Deeper phenotypic characterisation will be critical to determining how the complex underlying genetics shapes cognition, behaviour, and co- occurring conditions in autism.
Prevalence and clinical correlates of COVID-19 outbreak among health care workers in a tertiary level hospital in Delhi
Authors: Khurana Ankit , Kaushal GP , Gupta Rishi , Verma Vansh , Sharma Kabir , Kohli Manmohan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study, we summarize the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 outbreak among Healthcare workers (HCWs) in a tertiary care hospital and compared various parameters and preventive measures taken by positive HCWs to a comparable cohort of COVID negative HCWs. 52.1% of COVID-19 positive HCWs showed symptoms of which only three needed hospitalization possibly due to a younger cohort of HCWs who got infected (35.9 ± 9.3 years). Findings of present study found some protective role of full course prophylactic hydroxychloroquine as compared to a control group (p=0.021) and use of N95 masks over others (p<0.001). Our results did not show any added protection with the use of prophylactic Vitamin C, D, Zinc, or betadine gargles. We also observed outbreak control with increased awareness, near universal testing, PPE provision, sanitization drive, and promoting social distancing among HCWs.
Examining audiology students’ clinical reasoning skills with virtual audiology cases aided with no collaboration, live collaboration, and virtual collaboration
Authors: Shaaban Ramy 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the difference in clinical reasoning skills of students when using virtual audiology cases aided with no collaboration, virtual collaboration, and live collaboration. The theoretical framework discussed five major approaches that could explain this effect; Situated Learning Theory, Social Development Theory, Scaffolding, Collaborative Learning, and Cognitive Load Theory. A quasi-experimental design was conducted at two U.S. universities to examine whether there is a significant difference in clinical reasoning skills between the three treatment groups using IUP Audiosim software. The clinical reasoning data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD for ANOVA. The results indicated that there was a significant difference in clinical reasoning skills between the three treatment groups. Further analyses are shown in the body of the study.
Synthetic Photoplethysmography (PPG) of the radial artery through parallelized Monte Carlo and its correlation to Body Mass Index (BMI)
Authors: Boonya-ananta Tananant , Rodriguez Andres J. , Ajmal Ajmal , Du Le Vinh Nguyen , Hansen Anders K. , Hutcheson Joshua D. , Ramella-Roman Jessica C. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTCardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death in the United States and obesity significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. The measurement of blood pressure (BP) is critical in monitoring and managing cardiovascular disease hence new wearable devices are being developed to make the BP metric mode accessible to physicians and patients. Several wearables utilize photoplethysmography from the wrist vasculature to derive BP assessment although many of these devices are still at the experimental stage. With the ultimate goal of supporting instrument development, we have developed a model the photoplethysmographic waveform derived from the radial artery at the volar surface of the wrist. To do so we have utilized the relation between vessel biomechanics through Finite Element Method and Monte Carlo light transport model. The model shows similar features to that seen in PPG waveform captured using an off the shelf device. We observe the influence of body mass index (BMI) on the PPG signal. A degradation the PPG signal of up to 40% in AC to DC signal ratio was thus observed.
The frailty syndrome as an emergent state of parallel dysregulation in multiple physiological systems
Authors: Ghachem Ahmed , Fried Linda P. , Legault Véronique , Bandeen-Roche Karen , Presse Nancy , Cohen Alan A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFrailty is a clinical syndrome often present in older adults and characterized by a heightened vulnerability to stressors. The biological antecedents and etiology of frailty are unclear despite decades of research: frailty is associated with dysregulation in a wide range of physiological systems, but no specific cause has been identified. Here, we test predictions stemming from the hypothesis that there is no specific cause: that frailty is an emergent property arising from the complex systems dynamics of the broad loss of organismal homeostasis. Specifically, we use dysregulation of six physiological systems using the Mahalanobis distance approach in two cohorts of older adults to test the breadth, diffuseness, and nonlinearity of associations between frailty and system-specific dysregulation. We find clear support for the breadth of associations between frailty and physiological dysregulation: positive associations of all systems with frailty in at least some analyses. We find partial support for diffuseness: the number of systems or total amount of dysregulation is more important than the identity of the systems dysregulated, but results only partially replicate across cohorts. We find partial support for nonlinearity: trends are exponential but not always significantly so, and power is limited for groups with very high levels of dysregulation. Overall, results are consistent with – but not definitive proof of – frailty as an emergent property of complex systems dynamics. Substantial work remains to understand how frailty relates to underlying physiological dynamics across systems.
Pure species discriminate against hybrids in theDrosophila melanogasterspecies subgroup
Authors: Serrato-Capuchina Antonio , Schwochert Timothy D. , Zhang Stephania , Roy Baylee , Peede David , Koppelman Caleigh , Matute Daniel R. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTIntrogression, the exchange of alleles between species, is a common event in nature. This transfer of alleles between species must happen through fertile hybrids. Characterizing the traits that cause defects in hybrids illuminate how and when gene flow is expected to occur. Inviability and sterility are extreme examples of fitness reductions but are not the only type of defects in hybrids. Some traits specific to hybrids are more subtle but are important to determine their fitness. In this report, we study whether F1 hybrids between two species pairs ofDrosophilaare as attractive as the parental species. We find that in both species pairs, the sexual attractiveness of the F1 hybrids is reduced and that pure species discriminate strongly against them. We also find that the cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profile of the hybrids is intermediate between the parental species. Perfuming experiments show that modifying the CHC profile of the hybrids to resemble pure species improves their chances of mating. Our results show that behavioral discrimination against hybrids might be an important component of the persistence of species that can hybridize.
A novel PS4 criterion approach based on symptoms of rare diseases and in-house frequency data in a Bayesian framework
Authors: Cho You Kyung , Won Dhong-gun , Keum Changwon , Lee Beom Hee , Seo Go Hun , Lee Byung-Chul 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) previously reported standardized guidance for the assessment of genetic variants. One of the criteria regarding the prevalence in a case-control study, PS4, is important due to its evidence of pathogenicity. Despite recent studies approaching gene- and disease-specific probands, interpretation of a variant to PS4 still has certain limitations for rare variants. Here, we suggest a generalized method, Bayesian odds ratio (BayesianOR), applicable to PS4 via decomposing a disease to its symptoms and applying a Bayesian framework. Using this approach, we demonstrate reproducibility of the calculation of the original odds ratio from well-studied epilepsy data and verify the applicability to in-house frequencies for various rare diseases. In addition, BayesianOR showed a significant difference in tendency with different ClinVar pathogenicity, using in-house data. Thus, the novel method described here should provide an improved interpretation of sequence variants. Furthermore, we anticipate that it will enhance the diagnosis of patients with rare diseases.
Methylation-directed Acetylation of Histone H3 Regulates Developmental Sensitivity to Histone Deacetylase Inhibition
Authors: Huang Li-Yao , Hsu Duen-Wei , Pears Catherine 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of cells with hydroxamate-based lysine deacetylase inhibitors (KDACis) such as Trichostatin A (TSA) can induce biological effects such as differentiation or apoptosis of cancer cells, and a number of related compounds have been approved for clinical use. TSA treatment induces rapid initial acetylation of histone 3 (H3) proteins which are already modified by tri-methylation on lysine 4 (H3K4me3) while acetylation of bulk histones, lacking this mark, is delayed. Sgf29, a subunit of the SAGA acetyltransferase complex, interacts with H3K4me3 via a tandem tudor domain (TTD) and has been proposed to target the acetyltransferase activity to H3K4me3. However the importance of acetylation of this pool of H3 in the biological consequences of KDACi treatment is not known.ResultsWe investigated the role of H3K4me3-directed acetylation in the mechanism of action of TSA on inhibiting development of the eukaryotic social amoebaDictyostelium discoideum. Loss of H3K4me3 in strains with mutations in the gene encoding Set1 or the histone proteins confers resistance to TSA-induced inhibition of development and delays accumulation of histone acetylation on H3K9 and K14. A candidate orthologue of Sgf29 inDictyosteliumhas been identified which specifically recognizes the H3K4me3 modification via its tandem Tudor domain (TTD). Disruption of the gene encoding Sgf29 delayed accumulation of H3K9Ac, abolished targeted H3K4me3-directed H3Ac and led to developmental resistance to TSA, which is dependent on a functional TTD. TSA resistance also results from overexpression of Sgf29.ConclusionPreferential acetylation of H3K4me3 histones, regulated by Sgf29 via its TTD, is important in developmental sensitivity to TSA. Levels of H3K4me3 or Sgf29 will provide useful biomarkers for sensitivity to this class of chemotherapeutic drug.
Exclusion of the fittest predicts microbial community diversity in fluctuating environments
Authors: Shibasaki Shota , Mobilia Mauro , Mitri Sara 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMicroorganisms live in environments that inevitably fluctuate between mild and harsh conditions. As harsh conditions may cause extinctions, the rate at which fluctuations occur can shape microbial communities and their diversity, but we still lack an intuition on how. Here, we build a mathematical model describing two microbial species living in an environment where substrate supplies randomly switch between abundant and scarce. We then vary the rate of switching as well as different properties of the interacting species, and measure the probability of the weaker species driving the stronger one extinct. We find that this probability increases with the strength of demographic noise under harsh conditions and peaks at either low, high, or intermediate switching rates depending on both species’ ability to withstand the harsh environment. This complex relationship shows why finding patterns between environmental fluctuations and diversity has historically been difficult. In parameter ranges where the fittest species was most likely to be excluded, however, the beta diversity in larger communities also peaked. In sum, how environmental fluctuations affect interactions between a few species pairs predicts their effect on the beta diversity of the whole community.
Activation microswitches in GPCRs function as rheostats in cell membrane
Authors: Ma Ning , Lee Sangbae , Vaidehi Nagarajan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAlthough multiple components of the cell membrane modulate the stability and activation of G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), the activation mechanism comes from detergent studies, since it is challenging to study activation in multi-component lipid bilayer. Using the multi-scale molecular dynamics simulations(50μs), our comparative study between cell membrane and detergents shows that: the changes in inter-residue distances, known as activation microswitches, show an ensemble of states in the extent of activation in cell membrane. We forward a rheostat model of GPCR activation rather than a binary switch model. Phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) and calcium ions, through a tug of war, maintain a balance between the GPCR stability and activity in cell membrane. Due to the lack of receptor stiffening effects by PIP2, detergents promote more transitions among conformational states than cell membrane. These findings connect the chemistry of cell membrane lipids to receptor activity useful to design detergents mimicking cell membrane.
In VitroEfficacy of Five Biofungicides againstRhizoctonia solaniKuhn in Rice
Authors: Bauzon-Cantila Irish Mae , Silvestre Jaime C. , Evangelista Raquel B. , Catubay Edralyn 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTRhizoctonia solaniKuhn, the causal pathogen of sheath blight is second most damaging fungal disease in rice. While using chemical fungicides present high detriment to environment, the study investigate the efficacy of treatments composing five biofungicides in three different rates along with a biological agent, chemical check and untreated against the pathogen inin vitrolevel.In vitroefficacy showed thatMelaleuca alternifolia+ terpenes at 3.00 ml/L of H20 (T6),Aloe verapowder (Manopol) +Melaleucaoil at 3.00 ml/L of H20 (T15) and at 2.00 ml/L of H20 (T14) andMelaleuca alternifolia+ terpenes at 2.00 ml/L of H20 (T5) as very effective (0-10 mm diameter zone of growth) treatments comparable to the chemical check (T17). Therefore, attaining high yield rice while having low risk to environment can always be done.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Protective Effect of FMDV VP1 on Animals
Authors: Wu Peng , Liu Qingqing , He Jinke , Deng Xiaoyu , Yin Xinyue , Wang Yueli , Zhang Yunfeng , Chen Changfu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe FMDV VP1 protein has different structures which could decrease or increase the immune response. We undertook a meta-analysis to evaluate the protective effect of VP1 on the FMDV. A systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, CNKI and Wan fang DATA was conducted up to April 2020. Experimental studies involving the VP1 protection effect on FMDV were included. Extracted data were analyzed using Rev-Man 5.3 software. Chi-square tests were used to analyze the heterogeneity among the documents. The fixed-effect model was used for meta-analysis to find the combined effect value and 95% confidence interval. Sensitivity analysis was performed on the differences in the combined values of model effects, and the inverted funnel chart method was used to assess the publication bias of the included literature. A total of 12 articles were included for meta-analysis. The results of showed that VP1 had a protective effect on FMDV [MH= -0.66, 95%CI= (−0.75, -0.56),P< 0.00001]. Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were robust. The funnel graph method showed that the published literature had a small publication bias and met the requirements of this study. It is necessary to study the epitopes of VP1 to produce new vaccines. VP1 could protect animals from FMDV attacks. It is necessary to study the VP1 protein and its epitopes and use it as a new vaccine and diagnostic product.