bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
turista chino: un mercado no tradicional para el desarrollo del turismo en el Ecuador
Authors: Arce Bastidas Rafael Francisco , Argudo Guevara Nadia Patricia 
Published: November 2020

Actualmente el turismo es uno de los sectores económicos de mayor envergadura, y China es uno de mercados emisores más significativos en el mundo, con un gasto 257.700 millones de dólares americanos en el 2017 y un número de salidas de viajeros que alcanzó un total de 135 millones en 2016. Sin embargo, se calcula que solo el 0,7% llega a Latinoamérica. Por lo que, el objetivo del estudio es indagar de manera sobre las oportunidades y limitaciones que representa el mercado emisor chino como mercado turístico no tradicional para el Ecuador por medio de un análisis secundario que permitió bosquejar un perfil de turista chino, identificar sus motivaciones y los factores que inciden cuando los turistas chinos deciden realizar un viaje por turismo. El estudio concluye que, el mercado chino tiene un potencial inmenso, pero es necesario realizar más estudios in situ sobre este mercado debido a que desconocemos su cultura, en especial, su idioma y sistemas de creencias.
Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Intervention to Prevent Preeclampsia: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Fatimatasari Fatimatasari - , Trude Angela C.B , Herlin Fitriana Kurniawati Herlin , Nuzuliana Rosmita 
Published: November 2020

<p class="TextAbstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Preeclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy that increases risk for long-term health consequences for both mother and child, and if left untreated is one of the main causes of maternal and fetal mortality. However, delivery of the placenta is the only cure, making prevention options for this condition needed but little consensus exist on their effectiveness. Thus, we conducted a systematic review on the effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to prevent preeclampsia. <strong>Methods:</strong> We used MEDLINE and ProQuest to conduct a systematic search for peer-review publications on prevention of preeclampsia. We selected studies conducted in human and published in English from 2010 through 2020 on: i) types of interventions; ii) quality of studies and limitations. We selected 22 articles to be reviewed. <strong>Results:</strong> Eleven types of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions were identified. Nitric Oxide-donors with Isosorbide Mononitrate (IMN), and aspirin have been shown to be effective, while selenium, calcium, vitamin D, DHA-rich fish oil-concentrate, copper, phytonutrient, Nitric Oxide-donors with Penthaerythrityl Tetranitrate (PETN), folic acid, vitamins C and E and magnesium have not been proved effective to prevent preeclampsia. Although all studies presented good quality of evidence, they had several limitations, the most common limitations are lack of initial therapy, lack of dosage, and inadequate sample size to detect small effect. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Despite the growing evidence of treatments to prevent preeclampsia, their effect is not large. More research is needed in the field before prevention treatments are prescribed in clinical settings.</p><p class="TextAbstract"><strong>Keywords</strong><strong>: </strong>prevention; pharmacological; non-pharmacological; Systematic Literature Review; preeclampsia.</p>
Rom And Cimt Treatment Effects To Stroke Patients’s Upper Extremity Functional Ability
Authors: Palupi Lingling Marinda 
Published: November 2020

<em>Stroke is a brain functionality disorder caused by disruption of blood supply into the brain. Stroke is one of the leading causes of weakness or hemiparesis on ekstremities. A stroke patient who encounter hemiparesis may suffer joints contracture which then can become permanently disabled if it is not trained. In hospitals, Range of Motion Exercise is often performed, but the results are less optimal. This research aims to discover the combination effects of Range of Motion Exercise (ROM) and Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) to the changes of upper extremity functional ability</em> <em>by using a measuring tool Chedoke Arm and Hand Activity Inventory form (CAHAI) </em><em>to stroke patients with hemiparesis at Interna 1 of dr. R. Soedarsono Regional Public Hospital, Pasuruan. This research uses Quasi Experimental with non-Equivalent Control Group design. The respondents were chosen by using Consecutive Sampling technique with a total of 34 respondents divided into two groups. 17 respondents as the treatment group were given combination therapy of ROM and CIMT and 17 respondents as control group were given ROM therapy only..The Statistical test was done by using Paired T-test and Independent T-test. According to the result of Paired T-test, there are differences found in the result of upper extremity functional ability after the combination intervention of ROM and CIMT had been given in the treatment group with P Value 0.000 (p &lt; 0.05). Then, the independent t-test stated that the intervention of ROM and CIMT hold an influence to upper extremity functional ability with P Value = 0.047 (p &lt; 0.05). This research concludes that the combination of Range of Motion Exercise (ROM) and Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) can increase the upper extremity functional ability so that it can be used as an alternative of exercise therapy to increase the upper extremity functional ability of stroke patients.</em>
Pembantuan dalam Tindak Pidana Perjudian (Studi Putusan Nomor 94/Pid.B/2017/PN Gin)
Authors: Suprapta I Nyoman Agus , Sukadana I Ketut , Widyantara I Made Minggu 
Published: November 2020

Abstrak—Pada hakikatnya perjudian bertentangan dengan norma-norma. Namun pada kenyataannya, justru perjudian semakin marak dilakukan dengan cara sembunyi-sembunyi maupun secara transparan. Selain bentuk perjudian yang telah dikenal beroperasi di sejumlah tempat di Indonesia, khususnya di Bali seperti perjudian sambung ayam, ceki, toto gelap (togel), bola adil dan lainnya, tentunya membutuhkan sarana dan prasarana untuk melangsungkan perjudian tersebut. Sehingga timbulah niat seseorang atau lebih untuk memberikan pembantuan untuk melangsungkan perjudian tersebut yang memberi kesempatan kepada khalayak umum untuk bermain judi. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah pengaturan pembantuan sebagai salah satu bentuk tindak pidana di Indonesia dan Bagaimanakah sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku pembantuan dalam tindak pidana perjudian dalam Putusan Nomor 94/Pid.B/2017/PN Gin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian Normatif, dengan melakukan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Setelah bahan hukum terkumpul, kemudian diolah dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan argumentasi hukum, deduktif–induktif, dan dituangkan secara deskriptif dalam bentuk penelitian. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembantuan sebagai salah satu bentuk tindak pidana diatur dalam Pasal 56 mengenai bentuk dari pembantuan, Pasal 57 mengenai sistem pertanggungjawaban pembantuan , dan Pasal 60 mengenai penegasan pertanggungjawaban pembantuan. Hakim dalam memberikan sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku pembantuan dalam tindak pidana perjudian dengan nomor perkara 94/Pid.B/2017/PN.Gin sudah sesuai Pasal 303 ayat (1) butir 2 KUHP dengan mempertimbangkan hal-hal yang meringankan maupun memberatkan, posisi kasus, keterangan saksi dan terdakwa, dan keyakinan hakim dalam memberikan hukuman yang pantas.
Computational studies of drugs for possible action against Covid-19 infections
Authors: Mishra Ganesh Prasad , Panigrahi Debadash 
Published: November 2020

SARS-Cov-2 has emerged highly contagious viral infections so far and posed a global threat with significant human casualties and severe economic losses. There is urgent demand to develop rational therapies to control the drastic spread of the virus. Although there is no specific regimens are available to combat this pandemic situation so far. An attempt was made to perform Insilco studies of drugs applicable to respiratory tract infections with crucial SARS-COV-2 main protease (M-pro) enzyme. Insilco docking study was performed with Molegro Virtual Docker 5.5 on number of available medications of different categories specified for respiratory tract infections.Result indicates that Azithromycin, Dexamethasone and Remdesivir are highly effective and mainly interacted with key amino acid residues with hydrogen bonds and displayed excellent docking score -133, -141 and -153 kcal/mole respectively.
This study advocates the possible use Azithromycin, Dexamethasone and Remdesivir drugs in combination to battle this pandemic condition. Further, this study will provide rationalized drugs and target for further in vitro and in vivo studies of SARS-CoV-2, new insights for those drugs currently ongoing clinical studies, and also possible new strategies for drug repositioning to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Keywords: Viruses, SARS-COV-2, Covid-19, Drugs, Computational docking Studies, Drug Design
Dietary Patterns and Oxidative Stress in a Population of Women with Breast Cancer in the North-Western Regions of Algeria (Saida and El-Bayadh)
Authors: Halla Noureddine , Boucherit Kebir , Hachem Kadda , Asmouni Amouria , Derrab Hanane , Boucherit-Otmani Zahia 
Published: November 2020

Objective: The aim of this work is the study of risk factors for breast cancer in a population of women in the north-western regions of Algeria (Saida and El-Bayadh)
Methodology: A case-control study was carried out on 40 women including 20 cancerous women and 20 control women, in order to determine the dietary patterns and general characteristics of the population studied and to compare the hematological and biochemical parameters, and markers of oxidative/antioxidant status between control women and breast cancer women.
Results: The results obtained show that there is no significant difference in the average age however the body mass index was significantly increased in cancer women, revealing overweight (p <0.05), compared to control women. The marital status of the target population is predominantly a married woman status and the level of education shows a relatively low level in breast cancer cases compared to women controls. The illiteracy rate is exceptionally high in cancer women compared to controls (35% versus 20%). In addition, the levels of glucose, creatinine, HDL and ALAT are similar between the two groups of women. The contents of urea, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, ASAT, malondialdehyde and uric acid are significantly increased in women with breast cancer compared to women controls. But the vitamin C content is significantly reduced in cancer women compared to control women.
Conclusion: We conclude from this study that there is an association between breast cancer and lipid alteration, oxidative stress, age, increase in BMI, socio-demographic data, professional situation, age, means of menstruation and menopause, and ultimately the lifestyle. All these factors are risk factors for breast cancer in the region of Saida and El-Bayadh.
Keywords: Breast Cancer, Risk Factors, Dietary Patterns, Oxidative Stress.
Research of the Causes and Risk Factors of Autism in the Western Region of Algeria
Authors: Mehida Hayet , Meziani Samira , Mehida Wahiba , Zemri Khalida , Bekhaled Imene , Bendahmane Malika 
Published: November 2020

Introduction Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that manifests before 3 years old and affects many areas, communication, social interactions and behaviors. In Algeria, there has not yet been a regional or national epidemiological investigation concerning autism spectrum disorders. Materials and methods: Our study was carried about 100 patients ( autistic children) in the western region of Algeria, in order to determine the differents risk factors involved in the onset of autism syndrome. Results and discussion: The obtained results indicate a male predominance with a sex ratio of 4: 1 and the degree of reached is average in 44% of patients. 42% of the patients are youngsters. Parents' worry about their children begins between 24 and 36 months. The parents' advanced age at conception, stress, presence of certain pathologies and drug intake by mothers, as well as fetal distress at birth and children's exposure to screens were the main risk factors. Repetitive movements, lack of social communication, language delay, and lack of visual fixation were the main clinical symptomatology. Conclusion: This study allowed us to detect the main factors associated with the onset of autism. However, the results obtained cannot be generalized to the entire population. Keywords: Autism, autism spectrum disorder, risk factors, clinical symptoms, western region of Algeria.
Phenolic compounds of Pyrus communis fruit methanol extract and evaluation of antioxidant activity
Authors: Saoudi Soulef , Khennouf Seddik , Mayouf Nozha 
Published: November 2020

Pear (Pyrus communis.) fruit is popular among consumers due to its high nutritive value, good taste and low caloric level. This study examined polyphenolic content, antioxidant activity and phenolic profile of methanol extract of Pyrus communis fruit. Extract were screened for possible antioxidant activities using free radical scavenging activity of DPPH, hydroxyl scavenging activity and reducing power assays. This extract contain high polyphenolic and flavonoids contents (172.5 ± 0.005 mg GAE/g dry extract and 5.34 ± 0.003mg QE/g dry extract) respectively. Similarly, this extract showed high antioxidant activity using DPPH, hydroxyl radical scavenging and reducing power with an IC50 value of 0.682 ± 0.022 mg/ml, 0.47 ± 0.06 mg/ml and 1.17 ± 0.029 mg/ml respectively. The phenolic profile in the methanolic extracts was investigated using Ultra high liquid chromatography (UPLC). Four different phenolic acids gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid and protocatechuic acid have been identified. Some flavonoids have also been identified such as rutin and kaempherol derivative. In conclusion, the present study showed that Pyrus communis exhibited good antioxidant activity which is probably related to phenolics and flavonoids present in the extract.
Keywords: Pyrus communis, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, antioxidant activity.
Pemanfaatan Pangan Lokal Sebagai Upaya Mewujudkan Ketahanan Pangan Melalui Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat di Desa Rasau Jaya III
Authors: Fadly Dzul , Dewi Yohana Sutiknyawati Kusuma , Lestari Oke Anandika 
Published: November 2020

Desa Rasau Jaya III merupakan bagian wilayah Kecamatan Rasau Jaya Kabupaten Kubu Raya yang melimpah akan hasil buah-buahan. Pisang merupakan buah yang memiliki tingkat produksi tertinggi di Kecamatan tersebut. Tingginya produksi pisang belum diimbangi dengan pemanfaatannya sebagai bahan pangan dan ditambah lagi pisang memiliki umur simpan yang singkat. Oleh sebab itu kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarat di Desa Rasau Jaya III dengan ibu-ibu anggota Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga (PKK) ini memiliki tujuan mewujudkan ketahanan pangan melalui pemanfaatan pisang sebagai pangan lokal menjadi bahan baku pembuatan es krim. Hasil pelaksanaan program menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesukaan, tingkat kesulitan pengolahan, dan tingkat kemungkinan pengulangan dalam membuat es krim pisang menurut peserta secara berurutan adalah tingkat penerimaan rasa yang baik ( 27% sangat suka dan 73% suka); tingkat kesulitan rendah yang tinggi (20% sangat mudah, 70% mudah, dan 10% agak mudah); dan seluruh peserta menyatakan akan mengulang praktik pengolahan es krim pisang tersebut. Dengan demikian, pengolahan pisang sebagai bahan baku es krim diharapkan dapat meningkatkan upaya perwujudan ketahanan pangan dan meningkatkan konsumsi buah di tingkat keluarga.
Time-dependent Microhardness Gradients of Self-adhesive Resin Cements Under Dual- and Self-curing Modes
Authors: Geng T , Pan Y , Liu Z , Yuan C , Wang P , Meng X 
Published: November 2020

Clinical Relevance
Acid-functional monomers in self-adhesive resin cements may decrease their self-curing polymerization ability. Light irradiation optimizes polymerization performance.

SUMMARY

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to investigate Knoop microhardness of self-adhesive resin cements under dual- and self-curing modes in simulated canals for describing the polymerization behavior.

Methods and Materials:
Slots in lightproof silicone cylinders with one open end were filled with the following eight materials: a traditional resin cement (Duolink), a core build-up resin material (MultiCore Flow), and six self-adhesive resin cements (RelyX Unicem 2, G-Cem Automix, Maxcem, Biscem, Multilink Speed, and PermaCem 2.0). The resins were exposed to light through the open end and then stored in a lightproof box. The Knoop hardness gradient for each resin was measured after 1 hour and 120 hours. Surface readings were obtained at 1-mm intervals from 1 mm to 10 mm away from the open ends. The data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and the Student-Newman-Keuls test (α=0.05).

Results:
All the resin materials had stable Knoop hardness numbers (KHNs) at a certain depth; their KHNs in the self-curing mode did not change (p&gt;0.05). The region above this certain depth was regarded as having undergone the dual-curing mode, and the KHN decreased gradually with depth (p&lt;0.05). Between 1 and 120 hours postexposure, the ratio of the KHN at a 5-mm depth (self-cured) to that at a 1-mm depth (dual-cured) increased in Duolink and MultiCore Flow. However, the ratios of the six adhesive resin cements varied.

Conclusion:
Without light, most self-adhesive resin cements differed from traditional dual-cured resin materials in terms of Knoop microhardness, and they had a lesser capacity for chemical-induced curing.
Effectiveness of Whitening Strips Use Compared With Supervised Dental Bleaching: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: da Rosa GRV , Maran BM , Schmitt VL , Loguercio AD , Reis A , Naufel FS 
Published: November 2020

Clinical RelevanceBleaching performed at-home while under the supervision of a dentist provides greater color alteration compared with whitening strips when evaluated with a spectrophotometer, although the color alteration was undetectable by unaided human eyes.SUMMARYObjective:A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to answer the following research question: Does the use of whitening strips (WS) lead to an equivalent color change compared with supervised dental bleaching in patients with permanent dentition?Methods:A search was performed on August 10, 2017 (updated on March 22, 2019), in PubMed, the Brazilian Library in Dentistry, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature database, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and grey literature, without restrictions regarding date or language. Abstracts from the International Association for Dental Research, unpublished and ongoing trial registries, dissertations, and theses were also searched. Only randomized clinical trials (parallel or split mouth) in patients with permanent dentition that compared WS with dentist-supervised dental bleaching performed at-home (AH) or in-office (IO) were included. The risk of bias (RoB) was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. A meta-analysis with subgroup analysis (low and high peroxide concentration) was conducted for color change ΔE* (spectrophotometer) and ΔSGU (shade guide units), risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity (TS), gingival irritation (GI), and patient satisfaction using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed with the Cochran's Q test and I2 statistics. GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) was used to assess the quality of the evidence.Results:After the removal of duplicates, followed by title and abstract screening, 20 studies remained. Only two studies were considered to have a low RoB; 11 had a high RoB, and seven had an unclear RoB. For WS versus IO, data were not available for the meta-analysis. For WS versus AH bleaching, a significant difference in ΔE* favoring the AH group was observed (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.79 to −0.21), but the risk (risk ratio = 0.78, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.93) and intensity of TS (SMD = −0.30, 95% CI −0.56 to −0.04) were lower in the WS group. Color change in ΔSGU, risk and intensity of GI, and patient satisfaction were not significantly different between groups (p&gt;0.20). The quality of evidence for ΔE*, risk and intensity of TS, and intensity of GI were graded as moderate.Conclusion:Although the risk and intensity of TS were lower in the WS group, dentist-supervised at-home bleaching led to a better color change when measured with a spectrophotometer, although the color alteration was undetectable by unaided human eyes.
An Implicit to Explicit FEA Solving of Tire F&M with Detailed Tread Blocks
Authors: Li Zhao , Li Ziran R. , Xia Yuanming M. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
A detailed tire-rolling model (185/75R14), using the implicit to explicit FEA solving strategy, was constructed to provide a reliable, dynamic simulation with several modeling features, including mesh, material modeling, and a solving strategy that could contribute to the consideration of the serious numerical noises. High-quality hexahedral meshes of tread blocks were obtained with a combined mapping method. The actual rubber distributing and nonlinear, stress-strain relationship of the rubber and bilinear elastic reinforcement were modeled for realism. In addition, a tread-rubber friction model obtained from the Laboratory Abrasion and Skid Tester (LAT 100) was applied to simulate the interaction of the tire with the road. The force and moment (F&) behaviors of tire cornering when subjected to a slip-angle sweep of −10 to 10° were studied with that model. To demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed simulation, the computed F&M were compared with experimental results from an MTS Flat-Trac Tire Test System. The computed cornering F&M agreed well with the experimental results, so the footprint shape and contact pressure distribution of several cornering conditions were investigated. Furthermore, the longitudinal forces in response to braking/driving torque application in a slip-ratio range of −100% to 100% were computed. The proposed FEA solution confines the numerical noise within a smaller range and can serve as a valid tool in tire design.
Efficient Acquisition of Tire Data and Its Application in Vehicle Handling Simulation
Authors: Olsson Henning , Hugon Emmanuel , Rouelle Claude 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT:
Tire force and moment data can be collected from laboratory testing or track testing using wheel force transducers. The data can then be used to generate semiempirical tire models. Examples of the two methods are presented; differences in the results between the two methods are discussed.
With novel simulation methodology, tire models have been used to successfully predict vehicle handling characteristics. The influence of tire design changes on overall vehicle performance can quickly be evaluated both in terms of on-center stability and at the limit balance.