bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medication assisted treatment (MAT) in criminal justice settings as a double-edged sword: balancing novel addiction treatments and voluntary participation
Authors: Hyatt Jordan M. , Lobmaier Philipp P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMedication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) provides an opportunity to address opioid addiction among justice-involved individuals, an often difficult to reach population. This potential has been increasingly recognized by agencies, policymakers and pharmaceutical companies. The result has been a marked increase in the number of drug courts, prisons and agencies in which MAT, notably with long-acting injectable medications, is offered. While this is a positive development, ensuring that vulnerable individuals are in a position voluntarily participation within the complex criminal justice environment is necessary. The unequal authority and agency inherent in the nature of these environments should be recognized. Therefore, rigorous protections, mirroring the goals of the consent processes required for medical or sociobehavorial research, should be employed when MAT is offered to protect individual autonomy.
Association between HEXACO personality traits and medical specialty preferences in Mexican medical students: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Barbosa-Camacho Francisco José , Miranda-Ackerman Roberto Carlos , Vázquez-Reyna Itzel , Jimenez-Ley Vania Brickelia , Barrera-López Francisco Javier , Contreras-Cordero Vianca Seleste , Sánchez-López Veronica Alexandra , Castillo-Valverde Tom Jilmer , Lamas-Abbadie Claudina del Carmen , González-Adán Brenda Alicia , Cortes-Flores Ana Olivia , Morgan-Villela Gilberto , Cervantes-Cardona Guillermo Alonso , Cervantes-Guevara Gabino , Fuentes-Orozco Clotilde , González-Ojeda Alejandro 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Medical specialty is a critical choice in a physician’s life because it determines their professional future and medical practice. While some are motivated to choose a specific specialty based on the monetary gain it can provide, others are inspired by seeing the work performed by a physician or by a patient’s recovery. It is common to stereotype doctors’ personalities by their specialty.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional survey study in which we administered the 100-item HEXACO Personality Inventory-Revised to 292 medical students between September 2018 and March 2019. We evaluated six different domains of personality traits. We also included questions about their medical specialty of choice, their least preferred specialty, and the motivation behind these choices. The participants included 175 women (59.9%) and 117 men (40.1%).

Results
When the participants were asked about their preferred type of medical specialty, 52.4% indicated a preference for surgical specialties (surgical group) vs 47.6% who preferred clinical specialties (clinical group). We found that the surgical group showed significantly higher scores for Extraversion and Organization domains, while the clinical group showed significantly higher scores on the Honesty–Humility, Emotionality, and Agreeableness domains. We identified critical differences within the overall group of medical students by their medical specialty preference.

Conclusions
Some classical stereotypes were confirmed by our results, such as surgical specialists tending to be more extroverted and organized, whereas clinical specialists were prone to being more introverted, anxious, and more emotionally attached to their patients.
The use of a psychological testing instrument as an indicator of dissatisfaction with aesthetic dental treatment – a preliminary study
Authors: Dudley James , Richards Lindsay , Mahmud Melati 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The use of psychological testing to indicate the potential for dissatisfaction with dental treatment has many potential patient and clinician benefits but has been rarely investigated. The study aimed to explore the use of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) psychological testing instrument in describing the relationship between pre-treatment psychological traits and aesthetic restorative treatment satisfaction.

Methods
Thirty patients requiring aesthetic restorative dental treatment completed three questionnaires, namely 1) a pre-treatment expectation assessment, 2) an SCL-90-R analysis pre-treatment and 3) an outcome assessment post-treatment to assess patient’s expectations and satisfaction of the proposed dental treatment relating to function, aesthetics, comfort and tissue preservation. Logistic regression models were used to assess the impact of psychological variables on patient satisfaction after adjusting for baseline expectations (P < 0.05).

Results
The satisfaction for the aesthetic component of treatment was significantly associated with psychoticism and positive symptom distress index. The satisfaction for the comfort component of treatment was significantly associated with obsessive compulsive symptoms, depression and anxiety. Following adjustment for baseline expectation, tissue preservation satisfaction was associated with somatization, obsessive compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and global severity index. No baseline psychological measures were significantly associated with chewing satisfaction.

Conclusions
The SCL-90-R shows initial promise in assisting clinicians to identify and understanding patients who have a high risk of dissatisfaction with aesthetic dental treatment. The ability to indicate aesthetic restorative treatment dissatisfaction is of great benefit to clinicians in maximising success and mitigating risk.
A randomized controlled trial of a six-session cognitive behavioral treatment of emotional disorders in adolescents 14–17 years old in child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS)
Authors: Lorentzen Veronica , Fagermo Kenneth , Handegård Bjørn Helge , Skre Ingunn , Neumer Simon-Peter 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to investigate effectiveness of a 6-week, transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety and depression in adolescents, the Structured Material for Therapy (SMART), in naturalistic settings of child and adolescent mental health outpatient services (CAMHS).MethodsA randomized controlled trial with waiting list control (WLC) was performed at three community CAMHS in Norway. Referred adolescents (N = 163, age = 15.72, 90.3% girls) scoring 6 or more on the emotional disorders subscale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were randomly assigned to SMART or to WLC.ResultsIn the treatment group (CBT), 32.9% improved in the main outcome measure (SDQ), compared to 11.6% in the WLC. Clinically significant and reliable change was experienced by 17.7% in the CBT condition, compared to 5.8% in the WLC. No patients deteriorated. Statistically significant treatment effects were achieved for internalization symptoms, anxiety symptoms and general functioning.ConclusionsThese promising findings indicate that SMART may be considered as a first step in a stepped care model for anxiety and/or depression treatment in CAMHS. The recovery rates imply that further investigations into the effectiveness of brief treatments should be made. Furthermore, there is a need for more comprehensive second-stage treatments for some of these patients.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.govIdentifier:NCT02150265. First registered May 292,014.
All inside full thickness quadriceps tendon ACL reconstruction: Long term follow up results
Authors: Galan Hernan , Escalante Mateo , Della Vedova Franco , Slullitel Daniel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to evaluate results of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL) using an All-Inside Full Thickness Quadriceps Reconstruction technique at 5 years follow up.

Methods
This is a Retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing ACL reconstruction. Inclusion criteria for this report were isolated primary ACL reconstructions without chondral lesions (Grade III/IV Outerbridge), using autologous full-thickness quadriceps tendon (FQT) graft with bone block, with an “all-inside” technique. Functional scales of Lysholm, IKDC, Tegner and objective results of side to side difference (KT1000) were used for this evaluation. Additionally, complications and comorbidities were also analyzed.

Results
Two hundred and ninety-one ACL reconstructions were retrospectively reviewed at 5 years postoperatively; 268 (92.1%) were men and 23 (7.90%) women. Lysholm Score improved from 64 (SD = 6.09) to 91 (SD = 6.05) points average. IKDC showed 59.79%, excellent and 3.4% good results. Arthrometric analysis showed that 259 knees (89%) had a difference of less than 3 mm. Median pre-injury Tegner score was 9 (Range 4–10), while final median Tegner activity level at 5 years was 8 (Range 4–10). Among comorbidities, 5.15% of the patients presented anterior knee pain. No visualization difficulties or significant hematomas were found.

Conclusion
Use of all inside FQT for ACL reconstruction in a young, high demand sports population, present at 5 years, good to excellent results, functionally and objectively, with low rates of complications and comorbidities.
New automated analysis to monitor neutrophil function point-of-care in the intensive care unit after trauma
Authors: Hesselink Lillian , Spijkerman Roy , de Fraiture Emma , Bongers Suzanne , Van Wessem Karlijn J. P. , Vrisekoop Nienke , Koenderman Leo , Leenen Luke P. H. , Hietbrink Falco 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Patients often develop infectious complications after severe trauma. No biomarkers exist that enable early identification of patients who are at risk. Neutrophils are important immune cells that combat these infections by phagocytosis and killing of pathogens. Analysis of neutrophil function used to be laborious and was therefore not applicable in routine diagnostics. Hence, we developed a quick and point-of-care method to assess a critical part of neutrophil function, neutrophil phagosomal acidification. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this method was able to analyze neutrophil functionality in severely injured patients and whether a relation with the development of infectious complications was present.

Results
Fifteen severely injured patients (median ISS of 33) were included, of whom 6 developed an infection between day 4 and day 9 after trauma. The injury severity score did not significantly differ between patients who developed an infection and patients who did not (p = 0.529). Patients who developed an infection showed increased acidification immediately after trauma (p = 0.006) and after 3 days (p = 0.026) and a decrease in the days thereafter to levels in the lower normal range. In contrast, patients who did not develop infectious complications showed high-normal acidification within the first days and increased tasset to identify patients at risk for infections after trauma and to monitor the inflammatory state of these trauma patients.

Conclusion
Neutrophil function can be measured in the ICU setting by rapid point-of-care analysis of phagosomal acidification. This analysis differed between trauma patients who developed infectious complications and trauma patients who did not. Therefore, this assay might prove a valuable asset to identify patients at risk for infections after trauma and to monitor the inflammatory state of these trauma patients.

Trial registration
Central Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects, NL43279.041.13. Registered 14 February 2014. https://www.toetsingonline.nl/to/ccmo_search.nsf/Searchform?OpenForm.
Clinical relevance between sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and lipid profiles in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review with a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Mukai Junichi , Yoshiyama Ayano , Kubota Rie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Few systematic reviews have examined the effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) on lipid profiles in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We conducted a systematic review with a meta-analysis to summarize the available literature and confirm the effects of SGLT2is on lipid profiles in these patients.

Methods
We searched the electronic databases MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and Ichushi-web for studies from the dates of their earliest publication to July 2018, and there was no language restriction. Trials were included if they were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (1) comparing the effects of SGLT2is with a placebo in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (18 years or older), and (2) reporting HbA1c and at least one lipid parameter, such as triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The weighted mean difference with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using a random-effects model.

Results
Among the 630 studies retrieved, 17 RCTs that included 4485 patients were ultimately included in our review. Fourteen RCTs were conducted in Japan. The durations of RCTs ranged between 12 and 24 weeks. SGLT2is significantly improved HbA1c [mean difference − 0.80 (95%CI − 0.96 to − 0.64)%, p < 0.00001], TG [mean difference − 16.42 (95%CI − 22.71 to − 10.12) mg/dL, p < 0.00001], and HDL-C [mean difference 3.36 (95%CI 2.73 to 3.98) mg/dL, p < 0.00001], but significantly deteriorated LDL-C [mean difference 3.00 (95%CI 1.18 to 4.82) mg/dL, p < 0.001]. The LDL-C/HDL-C ratio was not significantly different between SGLT2is and a placebo [mean difference − 0.01 (95%CI − 0.08 to 0.06), p < 0.74].

Conclusion
The present results suggest that in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, TG and HDL-C values were better, while LDL-C values were worse with SGLT2is than with a placebo. However, the negative impact of SGLT2is on lipid profiles was modest. Further RCTs with a longer duration or conducted in other Asian countries are needed to provide further evidence to support the clinical relevance of changes in lipid profiles. The present results will be informative for SGLT2is users with concerns regarding the effects of SGLT2is on lipid profiles.
Reading the news on Twitter: Source and item memory for social media in younger and older adults
Authors: Bourne Kimberly A. , Boland Sarah C. , Arnold Grace C. , Coane Jennifer H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundSocial media content is well-remembered, possibly because of its personal relevance and gossipy nature. It is unclear whether the mnemonic advantage of social media extends to a population less familiar with these platforms and whether knowing the content is from social media sources influences memory. This study examined how the presentation of news-like content in social media affected both item and source memory across two age groups. Younger adults (n= 42) and older adults (n= 32) studied tweets and news headlines that appeared in the format of Twitter posts or CNN headlines - these items were designed to be either congruent (e.g., tweets formatted as Twitter posts) or incongruent (e.g., tweets formatted as CNN headlines).ResultsFor item memory, both age groups correctly recognized tweets more than headlines. Source identification was more accurate when format and content were congruent than incongruent. Signal detection analyses indicated that the source advantage for congruent items was largely driven by a bias to select the format that matched the content’s original source and that this tendency was stronger in older adults.ConclusionsThese results replicate previous literature on the mnemonic advantage of social media content. Although both younger and older adults remembered the content of social media better than the content of news sources, older adults were more sensitive than younger adults to congruency effects in source memory. These findings suggest that older adults rely more on their prior knowledge of conventional language and style in traditional and social media.
The Brazilian Society of Rheumatology guidelines for axial spondyloarthritis – 2019
Authors: Resende Gustavo Gomes , Meirelles Eduardo de Souza , Marques Cláudia Diniz Lopes , Chiereghin Adriano , Lyrio Andre Marun , Ximenes Antônio Carlos , Saad Carla Gonçalves , Gonçalves Célio Roberto , Kohem Charles Lubianca , Schainberg Cláudia Goldenstein , Campanholo Cristiano Barbosa , Bueno Filho Júlio Silvio de Sousa , Pieruccetti Lenise Brandao , Keiserman Mauro Waldemar , Yazbek Michel Alexandre , Palominos Penelope Esther , Goncalves Rafaela Silva Guimarães , Lage Ricardo da Cruz , Assad Rodrigo Luppino , Bonfiglioli Rubens , Anti Sônia Maria Alvarenga , Carneiro Sueli , Oliveira Thauana Luíza , Azevedo Valderílio Feijó , Bianchi Washington Alves , Bernardo Wanderley Marques , Pinheiro Marcelo de Medeiros , Sampaio-Barros Percival Degrava 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSpondyloarthritis is a group of chronic inflammatory systemic diseases characterized by axial and/or peripheral joints inflammation, as well as extra-articular manifestations. The classification axial spondyloarthritis is adopted when the spine and/or the sacroiliac joints are predominantly involved. This version of recommendations replaces the previous guidelines published in May 2013.A systematic literature review was performed, and two hundred thirty-seven studies were selected and used to formulate 29 recommendations answering 15 clinical questions, which were divided into four sections: diagnosis, non-pharmacological therapy, conventional drug therapy and biological therapy. For each recommendation the level of evidence supporting (highest available), the strength grade according to Oxford, and the degree of expert agreement (inter-rater reliability) is informed.These guidelines bring evidence-based information on clinical management of axial SpA patients, including, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
Real - rheumatoid arthritis in real life - study cohort: a sociodemographic profile of rheumatoid arthritis in Brazil
Authors: Sacilotto Nathália de Carvalho , Giorgi Rina Dalva Neubarth , Vargas-Santos Ana Beatriz , de Albuquerque Cleandro Pires , Radominski Sebastião Cezar , Pereira Ivânio Alves , Guimarães Maria Fernanda Brandão Resende , Bértolo Manoel Barros , Louzada Paulo , Sauma Maria de Fátima Lobato da Cunha , Bonfiglioli Karina Rossi , Brenol Claiton Viegas , da Mota Licia Maria Henrique , Castelar-Pinheiro Geraldo da Rocha 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
In Brazil, socioeconomic differences in the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been demonstrated, which are important in the formulation of hypotheses regarding the association between environmental factors, lifestyle and the risk of disease development. This study examines how the socioeconomic condition of the patient with RA in Brazil, assessed according to social class, educational level, employment situation and use of caregivers, affects the times between the beginning of symptoms and diagnosis and the beginning of the use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, as well as the presence of erosive disease and functional status.

Methods
This work is part of a multicentric study called REAL - Rheumatoid Arthritis in Real Life in Brazil, which is a prospective observational cohort study.

Results
As described in the REAL study, we included a total of 1115 patients. It was noted that patients with an educational classification of up to second grade incomplete presented with erosion percentages above those with a higher grade complete. Patients with caregivers presented a higher percentage of erosion than patients without caregivers. We verified that patients from economic classes above B2 presented fewer occurrences of erosion than those from classes C2, D-E. We also analyzed the average time differences from the beginning of symptoms and diagnosis and the beginning of treatment, according to academic level, erosion and economic classification. Patients with first grade complete showed an HAQ-DI averages higher than those with second grade complete. The patients who had employment showed lower HAQ-DI averages than patients who were not employed. The patients with erosion showed an HAQ-DI value higher than those without erosion. Patients with caregivers showed an HAQ-DI average higher than that of without caregivers.

Conclusion
This study showed that the therapeutic window of RA is not being reached, and therefore we should have a policy to expand and ensure access to public health for all patients, especially those with lower levels of education and income.

Trial registration
This study was approved by the National Commission of Ethics in Research.
Relations between serum magnesium and calcium levels and body composition and metabolic parameters in women with fibromyalgia
Authors: Andretta Aline , Schieferdecker Maria Eliana Madalozzo , Petterle Ricardo Rasmussen , dos Santos Paiva Eduardo , Boguszewski César Luiz 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective
Correlate serum magnesium (Mg) and Calcium (Ca) levels with body composition and metabolic parameters in women with fibromyalgia (FM).

Patients and methods
Cross-sectional study compared with a control group paired by age and body mass index (BMI) of adult women diagnosed with fibromyalgia. All participants went through assessment of their body composition through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and had blood samples collected for dosing of Mg, Ca, C-reactive Protein (CRP), lipidogram and glycemia. Results: 53 women with FM (average age 48.1 ± 8.2 years, average BMI 26.6 ± 4.5 kg/m2) and 50 control women (average age 47.1 ± 9.9 years, average BMI 25.6 ± 3.6 kg/m2) participated in the study. Serum levels turned out to have inverse correlation with CRP in the FM group (r = − 0.29, p = 0.03) and with BMI and glycemia in the control group (r = 0.31; p = 0.02 and r = 0.48; p = 0.0004 respectively). Serum levels of calcium correlated with triglycerides (r = 0.29; p = 0.03) in the FM group and with glycemia in the control group (r = 0.64; p = 0.0001).

Conclusions
In patients with FM, magnesemia turned out to have inverse correlation with CRP and calcemia had positive association with triglycerides.
Diabetes Screening: Detection and Application of Saliva 1,5-Anhydroglucitol by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Jian Chaohui , Zhao Aihua , Ma Xiaojing , Ge Kun , Lu Wei , Zhu Wei , Wang Yufei , Zhou Jian , Jia Wei , Bao Yuqian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Context
Unlike other commonly used invasive blood glucose–monitoring methods, saliva detection prevents patients from suffering physical uneasiness. However, there are few studies on saliva 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of saliva 1,5-AG in diabetes screening in a Chinese population.

Design and Participants
This was a population-based cross-sectional study. A total of 641 subjects without a valid diabetic history were recruited from September 2018 to June 2019. Saliva 1,5-AG was measured with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry.

Main outcome measures
DM was defined per American Diabetes Association criteria. The efficiency of saliva 1,5-AG for diabetes screening was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curves, and the optimal cutoff point was determined according to the Youden index.

Results
Saliva 1,5-AG levels in subjects with DM were lower than those in subjects who did not have DM (both P &lt; .05). Saliva 1,5-AG was positively correlated with serum 1,5-AG and negatively correlated with blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (all P &lt; .05). The optimal cutoff points of saliva 1,5-AG0 and 1,5-AG120 for diabetes screening were 0.436 μg/mL (sensitivity: 63.58%, specificity: 60.61%) and 0.438 μg/mL (sensitivity: 62.25%, specificity: 60.41%), respectively. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) combined with fasting saliva 1,5-AG reduced the proportion of people who required an oral glucose tolerance test by 47.22% compared with FPG alone.

Conclusion
Saliva 1,5-AG combined with FPG or HbA1c improved the efficiency of diabetes screening. Saliva 1,5-AG is robust in nonfasting measurements and a noninvasive and convenient tool for diabetes screening.