bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Reverse Engineering to Create FEM Model of Spiroid Gears
Authors: Sikorska-Czupryna Sylwia , Mazurkow Aleksander 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper describes the process of creating a digital model of spiroid gears used in the defense industry. This is where the precise measurement of the parts with the highest requirements for accuracy is of great importance The construction of a computational model of a physical object was carried out using an optical three-dimensional scanner. Based on the cloud of points obtained in the process of scanning, a spatial digital model reflecting the geometry of an existing element was developed. Polygonization and mesh reconstruction allowed to create a finite element method model that enabled the precise reproduction of the scanned object. The created model was subsequently used to conduct appropriate analysis and simulation to verify the correctness and possible modification of the construction of both elements of spiroid gears: worm thread and face gear.
Regulation of Folliculogenesis by Growth Factors in Piglet Ovary Exposed Prenatally to β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB)
Authors: Hułas-Stasiak Monika , Jakubowicz-Gil Joanna , Dobrowolski Piotr , Grzesiak Małgorzata , Muszyński Siemowit , Świątkiewicz Małgorzata , Tomaszewska Ewa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is one of the leucine metabolites with protein anabolic effects which makes it very popular among athletes. Previously, it was shown that HMB administered during the prenatal period reduced the pool of primordial follicles and increased the proportion of developing follicles in newborn piglets. This work is a further step to understand these morphological alterations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of prenatal HMB treatment on the expression of the Kit ligand, BMP-4, bFGF, and the IGF-1/IGF-1R system which are the main growth factors controlling follicular development. Excised ovaries from 12 newborn piglets, originated from the control (n=6) and HMB-treated (n=6) sows were used for immunohistochemical and western-blot analysis. The tested proteins were localized within egg nests and ovarian follicles. Furthermore, the western-blot assay indicated higher BMP-4, Kit ligand, and IGF-1R expression, while the level of bFGF and IGF-1 proteins decreased after HMB dietary treatment. These findings show that HMB included into sow diet can modulate the expression of growth factors and thereby alter ovarian morphology in offspring. Therefore, this study opens a discussion about the benefits and risks of the diet supplemented with HMB and its potential application in medicine and animal husbandry, and further research is necessary in this area.
In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Artemisia argyi Powder and the Effect on Hepatic and Intestinal Antioxidant Indices in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Chen Hongyan , Shi Binlin , Zhao Fei , Guo Xiaoyu , Jin Xiao , Yan Sumei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effect of Artemisia argyi powder (AAP). 240 mixed-sex one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into five treatment groups, each consisting of six replicates (one replicate per cage) with eight broilers per replicate. Broilers were fed basal diets supplemented with 0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 g AAP per kg feed, respectively. The hepatic and intestinal samples were collected on d 21 and 42 for analysis of antioxidant indices and antioxidative enzyme gene expression. The in vitro results showed that the scavenging activity of Artemisia argyi against •OH and DPPH were 34.99±1.11% and 74.12±0.50%, respectively; the ferric reducing power was 2.58±0.03%. The in vivo results showed that dietary 20 g/kg of AAP significantly enhanced the hepatic total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT) activity, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, also decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content; dietary10 g/kg of AAP significantly increased the gene expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and CAT on d 42. For the duodenum, 10 g/kg of AAP increased SOD activity (P<0.05), and reduced MDA level (P<0.05) on d 21; the gene expression of CAT and SOD were increased in the 20 g/kg of AAP treatment compared with the control group on d 42. For the jejunum, on d 21, the T-AOC level was increased by inclusion of 10 g/kg of AAP, and CAT activity was enhanced significantly at 5, 10, and 20 g/kg of AAP group; dietary AAP significantly decreased MDA level at the concentration of 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 g/kg in contrast with control group on d 42; 5 and 20 g/kg of AAP increased the gene expression of SOD on d 21, and the gene expression of GSH-Px was increased (P<0.05) in 10 g/kg of AAP group on d 42. For the ileum, compared to the control group, 2.5 and 20 g/kg of AAP increased SOD activity (P<0.05); and dietary 10 and 20 g/kg of AAP significantly reduced MDA level; dietary 10 g/kg of AAP increased the gene expression of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in broilers on d 42. In conclusion, dietary AAP could improve the antioxidant defenses of liver and small intestine, and the best concentration of the AAP improving hepatic and small intestinal antioxidant status was 20 g/kg and 10 g/kg, respectively.
Development of Ergonomically Designed Functional Bra for Women with Hemiplegia
Authors: Imran Aqsa , Drean Emilie , Schacher Laurence , Adolphe Dominique 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHemiplegia is the lifelong paralysis, caused by brain stroke that affects one side of the body. Stroke exerts a great threat to patient’s health and lives, and hemiplegia after stroke may severely affect their activities of daily life including self-dressing that causes fatigue and frustration and ultimately ended with “dependence on others.” This situation damages the sense of dignity, especially for women, while independently dressing intimate apparel like bra. The research through the design approach is used as the conceptual framework to design and evaluate bra for the women with hemiplegia. Three design criteria were identified from which specifications were developed, and their interrelationships explored through an interaction matrix. This article presents a research work on improving bra design, adjusted to the special needs and demands of an individual with hemiplegia, by using bi-layer knitted fabric, magnetic fasteners, and shape-memory alloys. The findings of the current study showed that adaptive bra design offers independence, concealment of the disability, and comfort and psychological contentment. This adaptive bra promotes the harmony between functionality and esthetics.
Design of the Safe Model of Landfill Dikes for Developing Countries
Authors: El Maguiri Abdelhakim , Souabi Salah , Toro Montserrat Zamorano , Idrissi Laila 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This article is a dimensioning study of the landfill locker dike of the city of Casablanca, where the geotechnical parameters of waste have particular limitations, theses limitation are a common characteristic for most developing countries. Considering the very small available land area in general, the objective is to achieve an optimal dimensioning of the locker to maximize the volume to be buried, while respecting the requirements of stability of the structure; namely, the model whose safety factor will be greater than 1.5. The Factor of Safety (FoS) was calculated by the Finite Element Method (FEM) using “PLAXIS 2D” software. The results show that, for both cases (with and without final cover), FoS, as obtained from both the analysis, show a similar pattern, with the maximum FoS for low inclinations, especially those lower than 15.95°. The critical FoS (< 1), was obtained for slopes strictly greater than 21.80°. The study also demonstrated that the 3.5H 1V model could be considered as the optimal one that satisfies the structural stability requirements (FoS> 1.5) and maximizes the volume to be buried. Nevertheless, the validation of this model is conditioned by a geometric modification (weakening the lateral slope of the landfill, by moving the dikes by 3 m) and the improvement of the mechanical characteristics of the soil of the peripheral dike, through replacing the material with the compacted clay. This model was validated by PLAXIS, which showed that the FoS for the phase preceding the anchoring of the final cover is 1.577, which reaches 1.604 after anchoring.
Zoning the Rate of Pollution in Domestic River Using Spatial Multi - Criteria Evaluation Model
Authors: Abdollahi Amir Ali , Babazadeh Hossein , Yargholi Bahman , Taghavi Lobat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Surface water, especially rivers, is the most important sources of water supplies for drinking, agricultural and industry use and livelihoods. Controlling the pollution of BalikhlouChai River as one of the most important sources of water supply in Ardabil province in Iran is very significance and vital. In this research, the pollution zoning by using the Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) model in BalikhlouChai River was carried out to evaluate the trend of changes in water index and other important parameters by considering the physicochemical, biological, socio-economic and cultural constraints. First of all six stations were selected in the study zone and the sampling was performed over a 12 months period, and then the average of obtained parameters was compared with the standard values of Department of Environment in Iran. The results showed that fecal coliform in most stations and BOD5 in stations 4 and 5, and Nitrate in the stations 4, 5, and 6 were more than standard. Next, the related factors and criteria with the changes in pollution trend in river was identified, weighted and prioritized by the Analytical Network Process (ANP) model. Then the basic maps were prepared and the information layers were incorporated into the SMCE model. Finally, the zoning map of BalikhlouChai River specified in terms of pollution and river health in two contaminated and safe areas in the study basin. According to the results of this study, 3 zones for the safe and 3 zones for the contaminated areas in the study region of river basin were determined which respectively the numerical values of 1, 0.85 and 0.75 for the safe zones and 0.2 and 0.1 and about zero values for the contaminated zones were calculated. The results of quality and quantity zoning indicate that the northeast regions of the study area, including Ardabil City outlet and the Qarasu River basin have gained almost zero value.
Numerical Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Slab with Subsoil
Authors: Kozielova Marie , Marcalikova Zuzana , Mateckova Pavlina , Sucharda Oldrich 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the interaction of a reinforced concrete slab with subsoil. The paper contains a non-linear analysis based on an experiment of reinforced concrete slabs with dimensions 2000 x 2000 mm and thickness 150 mm. A steel mesh with a diameter of 8/100 mm was used as reinforcement. The calculations and analysis are complemented by a comparison with EC2 design approaches. The research area combines the design of concrete structure and geotechnical tasks. The real behavior of the concrete structure with subsoil is considered for the analysis for advanced design. The selected computational approach of nonlinear analysis allows to capture the change of stiffness after the creation of cracks and modelling the shear punch failure of the slab - the collapse of the structure. The paper focuses on comparing the experiment with the numerical model in select loaded states for various input parameters of subsoil. Based on the experiment and numerical analysis the failure mechanism was determined. It was the punching of the slab. The calculations and the experiment verified that the critically controlled perimeter is at a distance of 1d. The effect of the modulus of elasticity on the slab punch mechanism was verified. In case of low modulus of subsoil, the load-bearing capacity of the slab is significantly reduced. The punching mechanism is influenced not only by the mechanical properties of the concrete but also by the properties of the subsoil. The performed parametric study also verified the influence of the size the nominal cover reinforcement depending on the modulus of elasticity of the subsoil. The deformation variant finite element method and a 3D computational model were used for numerical modelling. Nonlinear analysis was based on the Newton-Rapson method.
High Quality Concrete Comprising of Several Mix of ACM’s
Authors: Bajad Mohankumar N. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Concrete has today requesting execution prerequisites. The concrete strength emergency which started to pull in open consideration constrained the specialists to investigate the strength of concrete. Legitimate mix design and cautious development utilizing the best accessible materials and developments are significant to finish quality concrete structures. In the utmost current decade, the usage of Additional Cementing Materials (ACMs) has become a vital piece of high quality and superior concrete mix design. One of the significant changes is the presentation of small-scale innovation for concrete with fine and ultrafine cementitious materials. It is currently believable to achieve astounding molecule pressing and subsequently conform to the exhibition requests both in new and in the solidified states. In the prevailing examination the ACMs utilized are Fly ash, silica fume, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Metakaolin which are prescribed by IS 456:2000 to recover the strength and durability of concrete. This paper shows the presentation of M30 to M90 grade of concrete with superplasticizer utilizing Rapid Chloride Permeability Test. Suitable mix of these ACMs can be utilized practically to advancement the chloride opposition of standard to high strength concrete mixes.
Structural Steel Tensile Fracture-Inception Prevention Limit State and Ductility Criteria
Authors: Adewole Kazeem Kayode , de Dieu Mutabaruka Jean 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes using the tensile-fracture-inception-prevention (TFIP) limit state and ductility parameter/criterion for a safer fracture-resistant design of the tension members of steel structures. Finite element (FE) analysis revealed that the tensile band localization strain (TBLS) is significantly lower than the fracture strain currently employed as the structural steel elongation-based ductility parameter/criterion. The TBLS is thus, a safer fracture-resistant parameter/criterion than the fracture strain. FE analysis reveals that the TBLS at the center of tension specimens (mid-thickness and mid-width) is lower, and is thus a safer TFIP elongation-based ductility criteria/parameter than the TBLS at the surface of tension specimens.
Reliability-Based Life Cycle Assessment of the Concrete Slab in Bridges
Authors: Kia Saeed , Shahhosseini Vahid , Sebt Mohammad Hassan , Meilich Ofer 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
To guarantee the safety and serviceability of present bridges maintenances are essential all around the Globe and most governments’ budget effect by overhaul such infrastructures yearly without any rate of interest in these maintenances. A large proportion of costs are allocated for maintenances costs due to the increasing number of present bridges. Maintenances also have a substantial effect on economic and sustainable development. In this study, a durability reliability analysis of reinforced concrete slabs subject to the action of deteriorations during the life cycle of bridges is presented. This paper is focused on providing insight into the role of reliability life cycle assessment in One Century of bridge maintenance cost performance by two reliability factors in the monitoring of 150 points of modeled bridge. The first factor in this model is crack size expansion about the time scale of the concrete deck by consideration of concrete deterioration. The second factor is the reliability of the compaction ratio of concrete (fc) based on the probability that this factor will perform as intended for 100 years duration under normal conditions. Finally, this paper generates a complicated model, which illustrates specific duration need maintenance to reach high performance in a total of 100 years. For instance, by this sample and data binding, the best time to get reliable and durable structure is in 23 years of initial usage, and this bridge needs concrete structural rehabilitation to reach high performance and durable concrete deck and pavement in the life cycle of the bridge.
Attempts at the development of a recombinant African swine fever virus strain with abrogated EP402R, 9GL, and A238L gene structure using the CRISPR/Cas9 system
Authors: Woźniakowski Grzegorz , Mazur-Panasiuk Natalia , Walczak Marek , Juszkiewicz Małgorzata , Frant Maciej , Niemczuk Krzysztof 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Introduction
African swine fever (ASF) is a pressing economic problem in a number of Eastern European countries. It has also depleted the Chinese sow population by 50%. Managing the disease relies on culling infected pigs or hunting wild boars as sanitary zone creation. The constraints on the development of an efficient vaccine are mainly the virus’ mechanisms of host immune response evasion. The study aimed to adapt a field ASFV strain to established cell lines and to construct recombinant African swine fever virus (ASFV) strain.

Material and Methods
The host immune response modulation genes A238L, EP402R, and 9GL were deleted using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/caspase 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) mutagenesis system. A representative virus isolate (Pol18/28298/Out111) from Poland was isolated in porcine primary pulmonary alveolar macrophage (PPAM) cells. Adaptation of the virus to a few established cell lines was attempted. The plasmids encoding CRISPR/Cas9 genes along with gRNA complementary to the target sequences were designed, synthesised, and transfected into ASFV-infected PPAM cells.

Results
The reconstituted virus showed similar kinetics of replication in comparison to the parent virus isolate.

Conclusion
Taking into account the usefulness of the developed CRISPR/Cas9 system it has been shown that modification of the A238L, EP402R, and 9GL genes might occur with low frequency, resulting in difficulties in separation of various virus populations.
The Turnover of Palestinian Governments and its Selected Impacts on the Sustainability of Public Policy
Authors: Alaysa Jehad , Musa Hussam 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The aim of this research is examining governmental turnover and its impact on the sustainability of public policy in the Palestinian context. We argue that the absence of a clear political program of governments and the absence of clear rules in professional and independent civil service allows Palestinian ministers to politicize the ministries they run, in addition to imposing their personal visions on different administrative levels, which makes the frequent turnover of governments and ministerial faces a challenge to the administrative level’s capability to create and implement sustainable public policies. We examined and compared through in-depth interviews the relationship between the political dimension of government formation and its surrounding considerations with the administrative executive dimension in Palestinian conditions. We concluded that professionals from most ministries think that frequent ministerial turnover usually has a negative impact on the sustainability of public policy while only respondents from three ministries stated that turnover could have a positive impact.
Public Administration in Ukraine: Adjusting to European Standards
Authors: Khadzhyradieva Svitlana , Slukhai Sergii , Rachynskyi Anatolii 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In recent years many important developments have been observed in the Ukrainian public administration: reforms in the public-administration system and civil service, improvements in the regulatory framework for their functioning, extension of the rights and powers of local self-government, bringing their activities into compliance with the EU requirements as well as the transformation of civil service according to the European standards.
However, reforming public administration in a post-socialist transition country is hampered by the lack of resources and by public mistrust. The Ukrainian state faces these challenges, as well, and it attempts to find the ways to leave behind the situation formed by decades of uncertain public policy and a flapping development vector.
Since 2014 key events have taken place that dramatically affected the public administration in Ukraine, i.e.: the elections of a new president instead of the one who fled, the snap parliamentary elections, establishing new civil and military administrations, launching approximately 60 reforms aiming to give the nation a modern shape corresponding to world-wide trends. Special importance must be granted to the public administration (PA) reform because it plays a crucial role in securing the nation’s success in global competition.
The goal of this study is reviewing the most important PA reforms occurring in Ukraine (decentralization, civil-service reform, anti-corruption measures, transparency, reviewing the functions of the central executive bodies). The research questions embrace the following: (a) what main directions in PA reforming are perceived by the Ukrainian government; (b) how are the national governmental body’s functions reviewed; (c) what are the obstacles and risks for PA reforming at the national level ? To address these questions, the respective legislation has been analyzed along with some practical steps applied by the government towards the improvement of public institutions’ operation.
Our study demonstrates that Ukraine has moved quite a distance from the soviet legacy as concerns public administration; however, the country has not reached the point of no return yet: the positive reform achievements must be supported by steady efforts in order to make them irreversible and to significantly raise public administration’s efficiency.
Patient Assistance Programs and Technology in Medication Adherence
Authors: Colon Carlos , Cotto Raiza , Diaz Militza , Martinez Isabel , Salas Paulette , Hale Genevieve , Khanfar Nile 
Published: June 2020

Background: Patient assistance programs, including medication management and counseling, have the potential to improve care in chronic disease states with complex therapies. Incorporating technology as a tool to foster adherence is becoming more commonplace in practice.
Objectives: The purpose of this report is to identify barriers of medication adherence and review the impact of patient assistance programs and technology on medication adherence.
Methods: A literature search was conducted in secondary databases, PubMed/MEDLINE and EBSCOhost of peer-reviewed systematic reviews, experimental, quasi-experimental, and observational reports published in English within the last fifteen years. Terms searched included patient assistance program, pharmacist role, technology, adherence or compliance, income and health.
Results: Ten studies met our prespecified criteria. Male sex, several self-reported chronic diseases, negative expectancy of treatment, engagement in polypharmacy, financial hardships and lower education level correlated with lower medication adherence. Patient care assistance programs and utilization of technology (e.g., use of a mobile application) improved medication adherence.
Conclusions: Patient assistance programs and technological tools, such as mobile applications, are necessary resources in improving medication adherence.

Article Type: Idea Paper