bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐time ensemble microalgae growth forecasting with data assimilation
Authors: Yan Hongxiang , Wigmosta Mark S. , Sun Ning , Huesemann Michael H. , Gao Song 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAccurate short‐range (e.g., 7 days) microalgae growth forecasts will be beneficial for both the production and harvesting of microalgae. This study developed an operational microalgae growth forecasting system comprised of the Huesemann Algae Biomass Growth Model (BGM), the Modular Aquatic Simulation System in Two Dimensions (MASS2) hydrodynamic model, and ensemble data assimilation (DA). The novelty of this study is the use of ensemble DA to sequentially update the BGM model's initial condition (IC) with the assimilation of measured biomass optical density to improve short‐range biomass forecasting skills. The forecasting system was run in pseudo‐real‐time and validated against observed Monoraphidium minutum 26B‐AM growth in two outdoor pond cultures located in Mesa, Arizona, United States. We found the DA forecasting system could improve the 7‐day microalgae forecasting skill by about 85% on average compared to model forecasts without DA. These results suggest the potential accuracy of biomass growth forecasts may be sufficient to inform real‐time operational decisions, such as pond operation and harvest planning, for commercial‐scale microalgae production.
How well do clinical and demographic characteristics predict Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 scores among patients with treatment‐resistant major depressive disorder in a real‐world setting?
Authors: Voelker Jennifer , Joshi Kruti , Daly Ella , Papademetriou Eros , Rotter David , Sheehan John J. , Kuvadia Harsh , Liu Xing , Dasgupta Anandaroop , Potluri Ravi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo create and validate a model to predict depression symptom severity among patients with treatment‐resistant depression (TRD) using commonly recorded variables within medical claims databases.MethodsAdults with TRD (here defined as > 2 antidepressant treatments in an episode, suggestive of nonresponse) and ≥ 1 Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)‐9 record on or after the index TRD date were identified (2013–2018) in Decision Resource Group's Real World Data Repository, which links an electronic health record database to a medical claims database. A total of 116 clinical/demographic variables were utilized as predictors of the study outcome of depression symptom severity, which was measured by PHQ‐9 total score category (score: 0–9 = none to mild, 10–14 = moderate, 15–27 = moderately severe to severe). A random forest approach was applied to develop and validate the predictive model.ResultsAmong 5,356 PHQ‐9 scores in the study population, the mean (standard deviation) PHQ‐9 score was 10.1 (7.2). The model yielded an accuracy of 62.7%. For each predicted depression symptom severity category, the mean observed scores (8.0, 12.2, and 16.2) fell within the appropriate range.ConclusionsWhile there is room for improvement in its accuracy, the use of a machine learning tool that predicts depression symptom severity of patients with TRD can potentially have wide population‐level applications. Healthcare systems and payers can build upon this groundwork and use the variables identified and the predictive modeling approach to create an algorithm specific to their population.
Visible‐Light‐Mediated Oxidative Amidation of Aldehydes by Using Magnetic CdS Quantum Dots as a Photocatalyst
Authors: Xu Ling , Zhang Shuai‐Zheng , Li Wei , Zhang Zhan‐Hui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA magnetic CdS quantum dot (Fe3O4/polydopamine (PDA)/CdS) was synthesized through a facile and convenient method from inexpensive starting materials. Characterization of the prepared catalyst was performed by means of FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, TEM, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and vibrating‐sample magnetometer techniques. Fe3O4/PDA/CdS was found to be a highly active photocatalyst for the amidation of aromatic aldehydes by using air as a clean oxidant under mild conditions. The photocatalyst can be recovered by magnetic separation and successfully reused for five cycles without considerable loss of its catalytic activity.
Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed [4+3] Cyclization of Triazoles with Indole Derivatives and Its Application in the Total Synthesis of (±)‐Aurantioclavine
Authors: Duan Shengguo , Xue Bing , Meng Hui , Ye Zihang , Xu Ze‐Feng , Li Chuan‐Ying 
Published: January 2021

Main observation and conclusionAn efficient rhodium(II)‐catalyzed [4+3] cyclization reaction of 1‐sulfonyl‐1,2‐3‐triazoles and indoles was developed. Azepino[5,4,3‐ cd]indoles, which are widely distributed in ergot alkaloids with various biological activities, could be obtained in good to excellent yields. In addition, the total synthesis of (±)‐aurantioclavine was completed in four steps from the known compound 1a adopting this [4+3] cyclization as a key step.
Importance of temperature in evaluating cotton for resistance to Fusarium wilt caused byFusarium oxysporumf. sp.vasinfectumrace 4
Authors: Zhang Jinfa , Abdelraheem Abdelraheem , Zhu Yi , Wheeler Terry A. , Dever Jane K. , Nichols Robert , Wedegaertner Tom 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFusarium wilt of cotton (Gossypiumspp.) is caused by a soil‐ and seed‐borne fungal pathogenFusarium oxysporumf. sp.vasinfectum(FOV).Fusarium oxysporumf. sp.vasinfectumrace 4 (FOV4) is a significant threat to cotton production in the United States. The effect of temperature and soil on disease symptoms in cultivars with a range of susceptibility to FOV4 was examined in growth chamber trials. Three upland (G. hirsutumL.) and three pima (G. barbadenseL.) cultivars were planted in three types of soils (potting mix and farm soils with and without FOV4 preinfestation) and maintained at four constant temperature regimes (20, 23, 26, and 29 °C). After seedling emergence, each pot was inoculated with conidial suspensions of FOV4 and scored for resistance based on disease incidence (DI), foliar disease severity rating (DSR), and mortality rate (MR) at 7, 14, 21, and 28 d post‐inoculation (dpi). The area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) based on DSR across the four evaluation dpi was also analyzed. Among the six cultivars tested, Pima PHY 841 RF, Pima S‐6, and the uplands Acala 1517‐08 and FM 2334GLT were the most resistant, whereas upland PHY 725 RF and Pima S‐7 were the most susceptible. The genotypic responses to FOV4 were not significantly (P > .05) affected by differences in temperature regime or soil type. Cotton seedlings manifested more severe symptoms and higher mortality when maintained at 23 °C, followed by 20/26 °C and 29 °C in descending order. The mycelial growth rate was greater at 23/26 °C, whereas plants grew slower at 20/23 °C. There were no differences (P > .05) in DI, DSR, MR, and AUDPC between the inoculated farm soil (with no FOV4 preinfestation) and the inoculated FOV4‐preinfested farm soil, suggesting the unnecessity of using the latter in artificial inoculations. However, the potting soil produced higher (P < .05) DI and DSR at 7 and 14 dpi but lower (P < .05) AUDPC. This growth chamber study demonstrated that 23 °C produced the highest DI, severity, and plant death, providing an important piece of information for screening cotton for FOV4 resistance in breeding and FOV4 disease management in cotton production.
Exploring valence bias as a metric for frontoamygdalar connectivity and depressive symptoms in childhood
Authors: Petro Nathan M. , Tottenham Nim , Neta Maital 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNegativity bias is a core feature of depression that is associated with dysfunctional frontoamygdalar connectivity; this pathway is associated with emotion regulation and sensitive to neurobiological change during puberty. We used a valence bias task (ratings of emotional ambiguity) as a potential early indicator of depression risk and differences in frontoamygdalar connectivity. Previous work using this task demonstrated that children normatively have a negative bias that attenuates with maturation. Here, we test the hypothesis that persistence of this negativity bias as maturation ensues may reveal differences in emotion regulation development, and may be associated with increased risk for depression. In children aged 6–13 years, we tested the moderating role of puberty on relationships between valence bias, depressive symptoms, and frontoamygdalar connectivity. A negative bias was associated with increased depressive symptoms for those at more advanced pubertal stages (within this sample) and less regulatory frontoamygdalar connectivity, whereas a more positive bias was associated with more regulatory connectivity patterns. These data suggest that with maturation, individual differences in positivity biases and associated emotion regulation circuitry confer a differential risk for depression. Longitudinal work is necessary to determine the directionality of these effects and explore the influence of early life events.
Spatial genetic structure and landscape connectivity in black bears: Investigating the significance of using different land cover datasets and classifications in landscape genetics analyses
Authors: Draheim Hope M. , Moore Jennifer A. , Winterstein Scott R. , Scribner Kim T. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLandscape genetic analyses allow detection of fine‐scale spatial genetic structure (SGS) and quantification of effects of landscape features on gene flow and connectivity. Typically, analyses require generation of resistance surfaces. These surfaces characteristically take the form of a grid with cells that are coded to represent the degree to which landscape or environmental features promote or inhibit animal movement. How accurately resistance surfaces predict association between the landscape and movement is determined in large part by (a) the landscape features used, (b) the resistance values assigned to features, and (c) how accurately resistance surfaces represent landscape permeability. Our objective was to evaluate the performance of resistance surfaces generated using two publicly available land cover datasets that varied in how accurately they represent the actual landscape. We genotyped 365 individuals from a large black bear population (Ursus americanus) in the Northern Lower Peninsula (NLP) of Michigan, USA at 12 microsatellite loci, and evaluated the relationship between gene flow and landscape features using two different land cover datasets. We investigated the relative importance of land cover classification and accuracy on landscape resistance model performance. We detected local spatial genetic structure in Michigan's NLP black bears and found roads and land cover were significantly correlated with genetic distance. We observed similarities in model performance when different land cover datasets were used despite 21% dissimilarity in classification between the two land cover datasets. However, we did find the performance of land cover models to predict genetic distance was dependent on the way the land cover was defined. Models in which land cover was finely defined (i.e., eight land cover classes) outperformed models where land cover was defined more coarsely (i.e., habitat/non‐habitat or forest/non‐forest). Our results show that landscape genetic researchers should carefully consider how land cover classification changes inference in landscape genetic studies.
Complexes of Keggin POMs [PM12O40]3− (M=Mo, W) with GlyGlyGly and GlyGlyGlyGly Oligopeptides
Authors: Greijer Björn , De Donder Timothy , Nestor Gustav , Eriksson Jan E. , Seisenbaeva Gulaim A. , Kessler Vadim G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractComplexes of Keggin phosphomolybdate and phosphotungstate anions with tri‐ and tetra‐peptides, GlyGlyGly and GlyGlyGlyGly respectively, were isolated and investigated by single crystal X‐ray diffraction, FTIR and SEM‐EDS in the solid state and by 1H‐ and 31P NMR and ESI‐MS in solution. The trends imposed by longer chain length and increased hydrophobicity of the peptide molecules were traced both in binding in the solid state and in effects on solution stability of POMs. Hydrolysis of peptides was observed in strongly acidic solutions at enhanced temperatures in the presence of tungsten POMs.
Activation of Bombyx mori neuropeptide G protein–coupled receptor A19 by neuropeptide RYamides couples to Gq protein‐dependent signaling pathways
Authors: Guo Zhiqiang , He Xiaobai , Jiang Chaohui , Shi Ying , Zhou Naiming 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRYamides constitute a novel family of neuropeptides newly identified in insects, and play important roles in regulating a variety of physiological processes. However, the signaling characteristics and physiological actions of RYamide signaling system remain largely unknown. In the present study, we cloned the full‐length complementary DNA of the RYamide receptor BNGR‐A19 from Bombyx mori larvae. After expression in mammalian HEK293T and insect Sf9 cells, functional assays revealed that BNGR‐A19 was activated by synthetic RYamide peptides, triggering a significant increase in cAMP‐response element controlled luciferase activity and Ca2+ mobilization in a Gq inhibitor‐sensitive manner. Upon activation by RYamide peptides, BNGR‐A19 elicited ERK1/2 phosphorylation via a Gq‐PLC‐PKC pathway, and also underwent a rapid internalization from the cell surface to the cytoplasm. Further cross‐activity analysis indicated that BNGR‐A19 exhibited very weak response upon stimulation by high concentration (1 μM) of Bombyx sulfakinin‐1, neuropeptide F‐1, and short neuropeptide F‐1, and vice versa, Bombyx RYamides also showed slight potency for activating Bombyx NPF receptor (BNGR‐A4) and sNPF receptor (BNGR‐A11). In addition, the quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction results showed that the high‐level expression of BNGR‐A19 was detected in the hindgut and testis, suggesting that the RYamide signaling is likely involved in the regulation of feeding, water homeostasis and testis development. This study provides the first in‐depth information on the insect RYamide signaling system, facilitating the further clarification of its endocrinological roles in insect physiology.
C1q/tumor necrosis factor‐related protein‐6 attenuates TNF‐α‐induced apoptosis in salivary acinar cells via AMPK/SIRT1‐modulated miR‐34a‐5p expression
Authors: Qu Ling‐Han , Hong Xia , Zhang Yan , Cong Xin , Xiang Ruo‐Lan , Mei Mei , Su Jia‐Zeng , Wu Li‐Ling , Yu Guang‐Yan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractC1q/tumor necrosis factor‐related protein‐6 (CTRP6) is a newly identified adipokine involved in diverse biological processes. However, its role in salivary glands remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that CTRP6 was mainly distributed in the nuclei, apicolateral membranes, and cytoplasm of human submandibular glands (SMGs), serous cells of parotid glands, and ducts and apicolateral membranes of serous cells in rats and mice. CTRP6 inhibited the apoptosis rate and reversed the increased levels of cleaved caspase 3, caspase 8, caspase 9, and cytochrome C and the decreased Bcl‐2 expression induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α in both SMG‐C6 cells and cultured human SMG tissues. Microarray analysis identified 43 differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in the SMGs of nonobese diabetic mice. miR‐34a‐5p was selected due to its upregulation by TNF‐α, which was abolished by CTRP6. The miR‐34a‐5p inhibitor promoted whereas the miR‐34a‐5p mimic suppressed the effects of CTRP6 on TNF‐α‐induced apoptosis. CTRP6 increased AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and reversed TNF‐α‐induced SIRT1 downregulation in salivary cells. AraA, an AMPK inhibitor, reversed the effects of CTRP6 on TNF‐α‐induced alterations in the levels of SIRT1, miR‐34a‐5p, Bcl‐2, and cleaved caspase 3 in vitro and ex vivo, whereas activating AMPK by AICAR reversed the decrease in SIRT1 expression and increase in miR‐34a‐5p expression induced by TNF‐α. Inhibition of SIRT1 by EX527 suppressed the effects of CTRP6 on TNF‐α‐induced changes in miR‐34a‐5p and apoptosis‐related proteins. Our findings indicate that salivary glands are novel sites for CTRP6 synthesis and secretion. CTRP6 protects acinar cells against TNF‐α‐induced apoptosis via AMPK/SIRT1‐modulated miR‐34a‐5p expression.
The association of dental education with pediatric Medicaid participation
Authors: Ku Leighton , Han Xinxin , Chen Candice , Vujicic Marko 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study examines whether characteristics of dental education, practice characteristics and state Medicaid policies are associated with dentists’ pediatric Medicaid participation.MethodsCross‐sectional analysis of data about dentists’ Medicaid participation in 2016, based on current practice characteristics and characteristics of dental schools they attended 5 to 10 years earlier. We analyze data about 22,500 general and pediatric dentists, drawn from the American Dental Association's Masterfile for 2016 and its dental school survey for 2009‐10. The primary outcome is whether dentists participated in Medicaid—enrolled to accept Medicaid patients and payments—in at least 1 of their practice sites in 2016.ResultsA majority (55%) of dentists accepted Medicaid in at least 1 practice site, while a quarter (24%) accepted Medicaid in all their sites. Dentists who attended schools with higher tuition rates were less likely to serve Medicaid patients at any site several years later (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = .761). Dental schools’ receipt of grants that encourage community‐based training were associated with increased Medicaid participation at all sites (AOR = 1.22). Those practicing in rural areas also had higher Medicaid participation (AOR = 2.62). A 10% increase in Medicaid reimbursement rates was associated with increased Medicaid participation at any site (AOR = 1.24).ConclusionsDental school practices and state Medicaid policies are associated with whether dentists care for Medicaid patients. Changes in dental school or Medicaid policies, such as higher reimbursement rates, could help encourage more dentists to accept Medicaid patients, thereby increasing access to care.
How Cognitive Control, Autistic and Schizotypal Traits Shape Context Adaptation of Divergent Thinking
Authors: Ramain Julie , Mohr Christine , Abu‐Akel Ahmad 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDivergent thinking, the ability to generate multiple ideas from different perspectives, is considered a central component of the creative thinking process. While context, personality traits, and cognitive control abilities have individually been shown to have large effects on divergent thinking, their interrelationship is yet to be elucidated. In 83 healthy participants (Males = 42%), we investigated how context adaptation of divergent thinking is related to normal variations in autistic and positive schizotypal traits as well as to proactive and reactive cognitive control strategies. Context adaptation of divergent thinking—defined as the variance in the proportion of unique to total responses of a drawing divergent thinking task performed across four different contexts—was predicted by a 3‐way interaction of autistic traits, positive schizotypal traits, and cognitive control. Specifically, increasing reactive control improved context adaptation when positive schizotypal traits were high and autistic traits were low, while increasing proactive control was associated with improved context adaptation when both autistic and positive schizotypal traits were high. Both modes of cognitive control can enhance the ability to generate unique ideas across contexts, but this depends on the individuals’ specific combinations of autistic and positive schizotypal trait levels.
Characterization, nanostructure, and transport properties of styrene grafted PVA/SiO2 hybrid nanocomposite membranes: Positron lifetime study
Authors: Awad Somia , Alomari Ali H. , Abdel‐Hady Esam E. , Hamam Mai F. M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGamma radiation‐induced graft copolymerization of styrene monomer on a polyvinyl alcohol film has successfully prepared a proton exchange membrane based on polyvinyl alcohol/silicon nanoparticles (PVA/SiO2), for use in fuel cells. The physical and chemical properties of the prepared hybrid nanocomposite membranes were examined by the Fourier transformer infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and the hardness test. The electrochemical properties were studied as a function of the degree of grafting at different doses of gamma irradiation. Ion exchange capacity (IEC) was found to improve with rising in the degree of grafting and then slightly decrease because of styrene homo‐polymerizes as the dose of gamma irradiation intensifies. As the graft grade increases, the proton's conductivity rises to 30% of the degree of grafting and then begins to stabilize. The free volume hole size obtained from positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) experiments was found to increase by the further accumulation of the styrene graft content. The results of PAL support electrochemical results. Also, a strong link between the results of nanoscopic properties from PAL, and the results of chemical and physical properties (macroscopic results) has been successfully established. The prepared PVA/SiO2‐grafted sulfonated styrene seems to be a potential alternative to Nafion for fuel cell applications.
Meta‐analysis of the embryo freezing transfer interval
Authors: Matorras Roberto , Pijoan Jose Ignacio , Perez‐Ruiz Irantzu , Lainz Lucía , Malaina Iker , Borjaba Sonia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe decision of whether frozen embryo transfer (FET) should be performed in the cycle immediately after OPU or at least one cycle later is controversial. FET could improve pregnancy rates in IVF; however, how much time is needed for the endometrium to return to optimal receptivity after ovarian stimulation is not known.MethodsElectronic search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify studies providing data on the influence of the interval between embryo freezing (or OPU) and FET in FET cycles published between January 1, 2007, and February 1, 2020.Main findingsData analyzed indicated that in the immediate FET cycles, there was a trend to an increased biochemical pregnancy rate (RR = 1.08; CI = 1.00‐1.18), whereas the clinical pregnancy rate was somewhat higher, but without reaching statistical significance (RR = 1.07; CI = 0.99‐1.15). The live birth rate was similar in the two groups (RR = 1.05; CI = 0.95‐1.15), as was the implantation rate (RR = 0.98; CI = 0.83‐1.16). Stratifying by embryo stage or FET type (freeze‐all or FET after failed fresh transfer) showed no differences.ConclusionSystematically delaying FET does not offer benefits to IVF outcomes. In addition, immediate transfer is associated with a nonsignificant trend to better clinical pregnancy rate and it also avoids the psychological effects of prolonging the stress on prospective parents.