bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Air impingement and intermittent drying: Application to apple and to mango
Authors: Boy Virginie , Ben Khalifa Wajdi , Drévillon Lucie , Lemée Yves , Lendormi Thomas , Lanoisellé Jean‐Louis 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAn original drying process combining air impingement and intermittent drying was studied on apple slices and mango cubes. The influence of four operating parameters (air velocity, drying/tempering periods, upper height, and air temperature) on the drying time and on the drying rate was evaluated. Continuous and intermittent drying were compared. The intermittency α = 1/7 (τon = 10 seconds and τoff = 60 seconds) gave the best results. A time savings of 54% for apple and 67% for mango was reached. In continuous drying, a time savings of 4620 seconds was observed by increasing the air velocity from 6 to 40 m s−1 for apple. Air temperatures of 328 K for apple and of 328 K or 338 K for mango were determined as optimum to prevent case‐hardening. Experimental results were fitted with the analytical solution of Fick's second law and the modified Page equation (average values R2 = 0.985 and 0.961, for apple and mango, respectively). For both products, the apparent moisture diffusivity Dapp, the drying constant k, the drying coefficient n, and the activation energy Ea, were identified. Activation energies calculated from the analytical solution were 30.3 and 36.8 kJ mol−1 and were 25.4 and 30.0 kJ mol−1 using the modified Page equation for apple and mango, respectively. Mango has an increased temperature sensitivity and thus will need less energy for drying than apple.
A combination of enhanced recovery after surgery and prehabilitation pathways improves perioperative outcomes and costs for robotic radical prostatectomy
Authors: Ploussard Guillaume , Almeras Christophe , Beauval Jean‐Baptiste , Gautier Jean‐Romain , Garnault Valérie , Frémont Natacha , Dallemagne Stéphanie , Loison Guillaume , Salin Ambroise , Tollon Christophe 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundAn enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway has shown benefit in oncologic surgery. However, literature is scarce regarding the impact of this pathway, alone or combined with prehabilitation (PreHab) programs, on outcomes after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).MethodsIncluded in this study were 507 consecutive patients undergoing RARP from 2014 to 2019. The primary endpoint was duration of hospital stay. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative blood loss, operative duration, readmission rate, and overall costs. Univariate and multivariate comparisons were performed according to the ERAS and PreHab program status.ResultsERAS patients had shorter hospital stays (P < .001), reduced operative times (P < .001), and decreased blood loss (P < .001) in comparison with non‐ERAS patients. Shorter hospital stays were not associated with an increased readmission rate (7.9% [stable over time]; P = .757). Patients from an ERAS−/PreHab− group had a longer hospital stay (4.7 days) than those from an ERAS+/PreHab− group (3.5 days) and those from an ERAS+/PreHab+ group (1.6 days; P < .001). In a multivariate analysis, operative time and perioperative pathway (odds ratio for ERAS, 0.144; P < .001; odds ratio for ERAS and PreHab, 0.025; P < .001) were independently predictive for a prolonged length of stay (P < .001). Costs significantly decreased when ERAS and PreHab pathways were combined.ConclusionsThe implementation of ERAS and PreHab programs significantly changes the postoperative course of patients and may synergistically optimize RARP outcomes. The combination of these pathways improves patient recovery and is associated with reduced lengths of stay, blood loss, operative times, and costs without an increase in the postdischarge readmission rate.
The role of hydro‐environmental factors in Mayfly (Ephemeroptera, Insecta) community structure: Identifying threshold responses
Authors: Ramulifho Pfananani A. , Foord Stefan H. , Rivers‐Moore Nick A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFreshwater organisms are threatened by changes in stream flow and water temperature regimes due to global climate change and anthropogenic activities. Threats include the disappearance of narrow‐tolerance species and loss of favorable thermal conditions for cold‐adapted organisms. Mayflies are an abundant and diverse indicator of river health that performs important functional roles. The relative importance of key hydro‐environmental factors such as water temperature and flow volumes in structuring these communities has rarely been explored in the tropical regions of Africa. Here, we investigate the response of mayfly species diversity to these factors in the Luvuvhu catchment, a strategic water source area in the arid northeastern region of South Africa. Mayfly larvae were sampled monthly in stones‐in‐current biotopes across 23 sites over a one‐year period. The relationship between these environmental drivers and mayfly diversity was modeled using linear mixed effects models (LMMs) and a model‐based multivariate approach. Threshold Indicator Taxa Analysis (TITAN) was used to model the response of mayfly species to important gradients and identify thresholds of change. Site‐specific characteristic were the most important predictor of mayfly diversity, and there was considerable variation over time, with mayfly diversity peaking during winter. Along this, gradient temperature was the best predictor of assemblage structure, with five out of six reliable indicator species being cold‐adapted, and a community threshold response at 19°C. Results support laboratory‐based thresholds of temperature for mayfly species survival and development, extending empirical evidence to include field‐based observations. Increased global (climate change) and local (riparian vegetation removal, impoundments) changes are predicted to have negative impacts on mayfly diversity and ultimately on ecosystem function.
Estimation of the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in Catalonia through two different registries: Pharmaceutical dispensing and diagnostic registration
Authors: Torrejón Sara , Vila Lluis , Soldevila Berta , Martín Montse , Puig‐Domingo Manel 
Published: July 2020

SummaryBackgroundPopulation studies on the prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions are costly. The pharmacy dispensing (PDR) and diagnosis (DR) registers allow us to study the epidemiology of these pathologies in a simpler way. Our aims: 1/Estimate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in Catalonia based on data from the PDR and the DR, 2/to evaluate the concordance of the results obtained by both strategies.MethodsThe population studied was the one registered with the public health system in Catalonia(Catsalut). In the PDR analysis, the information obtained through the Pharmaceutical Provision file (during 2012, 2013, 2014) was used regarding the number of patients under treatment (NPT) (levothyroxine and antithyroid medication). The DR analysis (2014) was performed by ICD‐9 codes (hyperthyroidism 242 and hypothyroidism 243, 244).ResultsAccording to the NPT in the PDR analysis, the prevalence of treated hypothyroidism increased over 3 years: 2.81%(2012), 2.92%(2013) and 3.07%(2014) (P < .00001). The prevalence of hyperthyroidism in treatment was 0.14%(2012), 0.13%(2013) and 0.14%(2014). According to the DR analysis in 2014, the prevalence of hypothyroidism was 2.54% and 0.35% for hyperthyroidism. The PDR analysis estimated a higher hypothyroidism prevalence compared to that estimated by the DR (P < .0001) and vice versa in the case of hyperthyroidism.ConclusionBoth PDR and DR prevalence estimations of thyroid dysfunction show some degree of discordance probably due to undercoding bias in the case of DR and the absence of subclinical pathology in the case of PDR. However, both approaches are valid and complementary for estimating the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction.
Four‐step approach to efficiently develop capillary gel electrophoresis methods for viral vaccine protein analysis
Authors: Geurink Lars , van Tricht Ewoud , Dudink Justin , Pajic Bojana , Sänger – van de Griend Cari E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVaccines against infectious diseases are urgently needed. Therefore, modern analytical method development should be as efficient as possible to speed up vaccine development. The objectives of the study were to identify critical method parameters (CMPs) and to establish a set of steps to efficiently develop and validate a CE‐SDS method for vaccine protein analysis based on a commercially available gel buffer. The CMPs were obtained from reviewing the literature and testing the effects of gel buffer dilution. A four‐step approach, including two multivariate DoE (design of experiments) steps, was proposed, based on CMPs and was verified by CE‐SDS method development for: (i) the determination of influenza group 1 mini‐hemagglutinin glycoprotein; and (ii) the determination of polio virus particle proteins from an inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). The CMPs for sample preparation were incubation temperature(s) and time(s), pH, and reagent(s) concentration(s), and the detection wavelength. The effects of gel buffer dilution revealed the CMPs for CE‐SDS separation to be the effective length, the gel buffer concentration, and the capillary temperature. The four‐step approach based on the CMPs was efficient for the development of the two CE methods. A four‐step approach to efficiently develop capillary gel electrophoresis methods for viral vaccine protein analysis was successfully established.
Multiphase smoothed particle hydrodynamics modeling of forced liquid sloshing
Authors: Zheng Bo Xue , Sun Lei , Chen Zhen , Cheng Cong , Liu Chang Feng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn the present paper, an improved multiphase weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics model for balancing the accuracy and stability of the long‐term simulations is proposed to model the forced liquid sloshing in a tank. The governing equations of the multiphase flow are discretized by considering the density discontinuity over the interface. To suppress the pressure oscillation, a previous density correction term suitable only for single‐phase problems is modified and incorporated into the discrete continuity equation to suit multiphase problems. The modified density reinitialization algorithm is implemented to calculate the pressure of the boundary particles, and the coupled dynamic solid boundary treatment (SBT) is employed to determine the rigid wall condition. For convenience, a numerical probe algorithm is also proposed to accurately measure the wave height. The present model exhibits a better numerical stability than the previous multiphase smoothed particle hydrodynamics model, and its results well confirm with the experimental data of the forced sloshing of liquid excited by swaying or rolling.
Mexican oregano essential oils as alternatives to butylated hydroxytoluene to improve the shelf life of ground beef
Authors: Cantú‐Valdéz Jesús A. , Gutiérrez‐Soto Guadalupe , Hernández‐Martínez Carlos A. , Sinagawa‐García Sugey R. , Quintero‐Ramos Armando , Hume Michael E. , Herrera‐Balandrano Daniela D. , Méndez‐Zamora Gerardo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOregano essential oils from Lippia berlandieri Schauer (Lb) and Poliomintha longiflora Gray (Pl) were tested against the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (Bht) to evaluate effects on the shelf life of ground beef (GB) over 7 days of storage at 4°C. The treatments were GB1 = GB control, GB2 = GB +100 mg/kg of Bht, GB3 = GB +100 mg/kg of Lb, and GB4 = GB +100 mg/kg of Pl. Lightness, redness, hardness, and springiness showed differences (p < .05) between treatments and days interaction, which serve as indicators of ground beef preserved quality and consumer acceptance. Mesophilic, psychrophilic, and lactic acid bacteria numbers and antioxidant activity showed differences (p < .05) for treatments and days. Sensory attributes showed no differences between treatments. The oregano oils may provide extended shelf life for packaged meat products treated with these natural additives and hence may be used for ground beef preservation.
Etiologic heterogeneity of clear‐cell and papillary renal cell carcinoma in the Netherlands Cohort Study
Authors: van de Pol Jeroen A. A. , George Lisa , van den Brandt Piet A. , Baldewijns Marcella M. L. L. , Schouten Leo J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAt present, mostly case‐control and retrospective studies have investigated the association between etiologic risk factors and the development of histologic subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Therefore, we assessed the heterogeneity between body mass index (BMI), cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and hypertension across clear‐cell RCC (ccRCC) and papillary RCC (pRCC) risk in the prospective Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer. In 1986, 120 852 participants aged 55 to 69 completed a self‐administered questionnaire on diet and other risk factors for cancer. Participants were followed up for cancer through record linkage. Tumor histology was assessed through centralized revision by two experienced uropathologists. After 20.3 years of follow‐up, 384 histologically verified RCC cases, including 315 ccRCC and 46 pRCC cases and 4144 subcohort members were eligible for case‐cohort analysis. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated by multivariable‐adjusted proportional hazards models. Overall, BMI was associated positively with ccRCC risk, but inversely with pRCC risk. Cigarette smoking was associated with an increased ccRCC, but a decreased pRCC risk. Alcohol consumption was inversely associated with both ccRCC and pRCC risk. Hypertension was associated with an increased risk of both ccRCC and pRCC. Statistically significant etiologic heterogeneity was observed for BMI, BMI change since age 20, and smoking duration in current smokers across ccRCC and pRCC risk. In conclusion, we observed potential heterogeneity for BMI, BMI change and smoking duration across ccRCC and pRCC risk.
Informing metastatic colorectal cancer patients by quantifying multiple scenarios for survival time based on real‐life data
Authors: Hamers Patricia A. H. , Elferink Marloes A. G. , Stellato Rebecca K. , Punt Cornelis J. A. , May Anne M. , Koopman Miriam , Vink Geraldine R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractReported median overall survival (mOS) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients participating in systemic therapy trials has increased to over 30 months. It is uncertain whether trial results translate to real‐life populations. Moreover, patients prefer presentation of multiple survival scenarios. Population‐based data of all stage IV CRC patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2016 were obtained from the Netherlands Cancer Registry, which has a case ascertainment completeness surpassing 95%. We calculated the following percentiles (scenarios) of OS per year of diagnosis for the total population, and for treatment subgroups: 10th (best‐case), 25th (upper‐typical), 50th (median), 75th (lower‐typical) and 90th (worst‐case). Twenty‐five percent of patients did not receive any antitumor treatment. From 2008 to 2016, mOS of the total population (n = 27275) remained unchanged at approximately 12 months. OS improved only for the upper‐typical and best‐case patients; by 4.2 to 29.1 months (P < .001), and by 6 to 62 months (P < .001), respectively. No clinically relevant change was observed among patients who received systemic therapy, with mOS close to 15 months and best‐case scenario approximately 40 months. A clinically relevant improvement in survival over time was observed in patients who initially received metastasectomy and/or HIPEC only. In contrast to the wide belief based on trial data that mOS of mCRC patients receiving systemic therapy has improved substantially, improvement could not be demonstrated in our real‐life population. Clinicians should consider quoting multiple survival scenarios based on real‐life data instead of point estimates from clinical trials, when informing patients about their life expectancy.
Perceived and actual option values of college enrollment
Authors: Gong Yifan , Stinebrickner Todd , Stinebrickner Ralph 
Published: July 2020

SummaryAn important feature of postsecondary schooling is the experimentation that accompanies sequential decision making. Specifically, by entering college, a student gains the option to decide at a future time whether it is optimal to remain in college or to drop out, after resolving uncertainty that existed at entrance about factors that affect the return to college. This paper uses data from the Berea Panel Study to quantify the value of this option. The unique nature of the data allows us to make a distinction between “actual” option values and “perceived” option values and to examine the accuracy of students' perceptions.
The effect of ellagic acid on spinal cord and sciatica function in a mice model of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Khodaei Forouzan , Khoshnoud Mohammad Javad , Heidaryfar Sepideh , Heidari Reza , Karimpour Baseri Mohammad H. , Azarpira Negar , Rashedinia Marzieh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a well‐known neurodegenerative disorder, causing toxicity in different organs, such as spinal cord tissue. The goal of this study was to investigate the protective effect of ellagic acid (EA) against spinal cord and sciatica function in cuprizone (Cup)‐induced demyelination model. Animals were divided into six equal groups. The first group received tap water as the control. Cup group was treated with Cup (0.2% w/w in fed). EA 100 group was orally treated with EA (100 mg/kg). EA + Cup groups were orally treated with three doses of 5, 50, and 100 mg/kg of EA plus Cup (0.2% w/w). All groups received treatment for 42 days. Open field, rotarod, and gait tests were done to evaluate the behavioral changes following Cup and/or EA treatment. Also, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase enzymes activity in spinal cord was evaluated. Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining also the behavioral tests were performed to evaluate the model. Cup increased ROS levels and oxidative stress in their spinal cord tissues. Also, Cup reduced antioxidant capacity, SOD, and catalase activity. EA (especially at 100 mg/kg) prevented these abnormal changes. EA co‐treatment dose‐dependently was able to ameliorate behavioral impairments in mice that received Cup. EA might act as a protective agent in MS by modulating spinal cord function.
Aerobic training prevents cardiometabolic changes triggered by myocardial infarction in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Ruberti Olívia Moraes , Sousa Andressa Silva , Viana Laís Rosa , Pereira Gomes Moisés Felipe , Medeiros Alessandra , Gomes Marcondes Maria Cristina Cintra , Borges Luciano de Figueiredo , Crestani Carlos Cesar , Mostarda Cristiano , Moraes Telma Fátima da Cunha , Canevarolo Rafael Renatino , Delbin Maria Andreia , Rodrigues Bruno 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of aerobic training (AT) on autonomic, cardiometabolic, ubiquitin‐proteasome activity, and inflammatory changes evoked by myocardial infarction (MI) in ovariectomized rats. Female Wistar rats were ovariectomized and divided into four groups: sedentary + sham (SS), sedentary + MI (SI), AT + sham surgery (TS), AT + MI (TI). AT was performed on a treadmill for 8 weeks before MI. Infarcted rats previously subjected to AT presented improved physical capacity, increased interleukin‐10, and decreased pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Metabolomic analysis identified and quantified 62 metabolites, 9 were considered significant by the Vip Score. SS, SI, and TS groups presented distinct metabolic profiles; however, TI could not be distinguished from the SS group. MI dramatically increased levels of dimethylamine, and AT prevented this response. Our findings suggest that AT may be useful in preventing the negative changes in functional, inflammatory, and metabolic parameters related to MI in ovariectomized rats.
Association between muscle strength and advanced fibrosis in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: a Korean nationwide survey
Authors: Kang Sunyoung , Moon Min Kyong , Kim Won , Koo Bo Kyung 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the association between muscle strength and the prevalence of advanced fibrosis among individuals with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using a nationwide cross‐sectional survey.MethodsIndividuals, 20 to 79 years of age, from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) from 2014 to 2016 were selected (N = 14 861), with sample weights applied. Muscle strength was quantified as the handgrip strength divided by the body mass index (BMI); low muscle strength (LMS) was defined as the lowest quartile (Q1) of the handgrip strength/BMI for our sample population. NAFLD was defined as hepatic steatosis index >36. Advanced fibrosis was defined as a fibrosis‐4 index score ≥1.30 (FibrosisFIB4).ResultsThe mean age of the study population was 45.6 ± 0.2 years, and 42.4% were male. As muscle strength increased, the mean BMI and age decreased accordingly, and the proportions of diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, and obesity decreased significantly (P < 0.001 for all). In a crude analysis, the LMS was associated with an increased prevalence of NAFLD (odds ratio [OR] 3.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.25–4.03, P < 0.001), which remained significant even after adjustment for age, sex, obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.28–2.16, P < 0.001). In this logistic regression model, the prevalence of NAFLD decreased by 24% with each quartile increment in muscle strength (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.68–0.85, P < 0.001). Among individuals with NAFLD (n = 2092), LMS was significantly associated with the presence of advanced fibrosis (FibrosisFIB4) independently of age, sex, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.01–2.49, P = 0.015), which lost its statistical significance after additional adjustment for insulin resistance.ConclusionsLow muscle strength is independently associated with NAFLD. The significant association between LMS and advanced fibrosis in NAFLD may be mediated through insulin resistance.
Prevalence of hepatitis E virus in children from Northeast of Argentina
Authors: Martínez Alfredo P. , Pereson Matías J. , Pérez Paula S. , Baeck María Inés , Mandó Pablo , López Saubidet Ignacio , Di Lello Federico A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in a young population from the Northeast region of Argentina. Four hundred and twelve patients under 18 years old, from rural areas of Chaco Province, were tested for anti‐HEV immunoglobulin G (IgG) using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Anti‐HEV IgG antibodies were detected in 7 out of 412 patients, accounting for an overall 1.7% prevalence. HEV infection in developing countries is associated to lack of clean drinking water. Consequently, the seroprevalence observed in children in rural areas of Chaco, Argentina, where the access to tap water is less than 15%, was unexpectedly low.