bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OF EFFECT OF SOME SOIL TILLAGE SYSTEMS ON TILLAGE APPEARANCE AND SOME TECHNICAL INDICATORS MACHINARY UNITS
Authors: & Saadoon Jasim 
Published: June 2020

The experiment was conducted on a farm of the College of Agriculture - University of Baghdad for the year 2015 in silt-clay loam soil in order to evaluate the effect of tillage equipment on tillage appearance and some the technical indicators. The tractor" ITM– 285"with tillage systems implements tow factors included, three primary tillage implements included: Moldboard plow, Chisel plow and sweep plow and three pulverization implement included :disc harrow, spring spike tooth harrow and rotary harrow studying the effect of these factors on: Number of clods > 10cm , number of clods < 5cm, disturbed soil volume ,and total porosity in this reseach . Treatment were Laid out using split –plot with randomized complete block design in three replicates. The results showed that sweep plow superior in obtained less number of clods > 10cm/m2 which was 12.7 clod/m2, less number of clods > 5cm/ m2 which was 21.28 clod/m2 and highest soil porosity which was 57.11% compared with chisel plow and moldboard plow , chisel plow showed the superior in getting higher disturbed soil volume which was 663.3m3/ hr compared with other plows. Rotary harrow obtained less number of clods > 5cm/m2 which was 25.06 clod / m2, less soil porosity which was 54.78% compared with disc harrow and spring spike tooth harrow. Spring Spike tooth Harrow obtained highest disturbed soil volume which was 1021.4 m3/ hr. The interference between sweep plow with rotary harrow got less number of clods > 5cm/m2 which was 16.83 clod/m2, mean while chisel plow with spring spike tooth harrow got highest disturbed soil volume which was1027.8 m3/ hr, while sweep plow with spring spike tooth harrow was superior to obtain highest soil porosity which was 58.67 %.
DETECTION RESISTANCE GENES OF ROOT KNOT NEMATODE MI IN SOME OF PURE LINES OF TOMATO INDETERMINATE GROWTH
Authors: & Yassien Abood 
Published: June 2020

This study was included investigation of the resistance genes Mi which is responsible for the appearance of resistance feature in tomato against root knots Nematode Meloidogyne spp in 46 pure lines of tomato indeterminate growth, ten of tomato pure lines showed resistance to root knots nematode infection after 60 days of the inoculation by 5000 egg/ kg of soil . While 31 pure lines of tomato showed sensitivity for these nematode infection, which root knot numbers had exceeded 100 knots. Then the genes has diagnosed by using the technology of molecular analysis the DNA of the purelines of sensitive and resistance tomato was isolated by the CTAB method then apply the indicators of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) DNA on the total DNA isolated from sensitive and resistant pure lines and using five primers connected with different locations of the resistance lines, two of them were designed by reasrcher and NCBI-Primer-Blast program (HSM1and HSM2) proved effective in the investigation of resistance genes Mi by production DNA bands, and three other primers (REX and C2S4 and Mi1-2) also proved their international effectiveness in the detection of resistance genes by production DNA bands for each pairs of them.
EFFECT OF GRAIN MOISTURE OF CORN AT HARVESTING ON SOME AGRONOMIC TRAITS
Authors: & Alkazaali Baktash 
Published: June 2020

This research was conducted during spring and fall seasons, 2015 , at the fields of Field Crop Department – College of Agriculture –University of Baghdad . The objective was to study the effect of grain moisture at harvesting on some agronomic traits of the corn next generation , by using synthetic variety 5018 . In spring season 2015 , seeds of this variety was planted ,when moisture of the ear grains was (37-42%) , ten ears were harvested. Ear harvesting dates were performed manually when the grains had 37-42% , 34-36% , 30-33% , 25- 28% and 19-22% moisture content. In fall season 2015 , varietal trail was carried out to the five treatment materials , using Randomized Complete Bock Design , with four replicates. The results revealed , that non significant differences between treatments (19-22)% and (25-28)% , in all the studied traits . The plants grown from the seeds of (25-28)%, were produced highest vegetative mass (116.30 g.plant-1) , total dray matter (269 g. plant-1) and total dray matter ( 1.80 kg.m-2 ) . Highest grain yield ( 1.07 kg.m-2 ) and harvesting index ( 0.63) were produced from plants grown from seeds harvested with (19-22)% moisture content . It can be concluded that the best moisture contents of the grains for seed production was (19-28)%.
INFLUENCE OF CYTOKININS AND SUCROSE CONCENTRATIONS ON BULBLET CHARACTERS OF IN VITRO HIPPEASTRUM HYBRIDUM
Authors: & Salman Al-Amery 
Published: June 2020

The First Part of this study was conducted at the Plant Tissue Culture Lab at the College of Science, University of Nahrain from October 2014 to February,2015. and completed at the Plant Tissue Culture Lab at the College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad From February 2015 to September 2015. Examine the possibility of using the tissue culture technique in the propagation of Hippeastrum hybridum.plantlets were resulted from leaves induced plant lets moved to new MS media supplemented with BA and Kin at 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.0 mg.liter-1 individually or in combination and with or without NAA at 0.5, 0.3, 0.1, 0.0 mg.liter-1 to enhance shoot proliferation. Transferred shoot from the best proliferation- enhance to stage bulbs formation, MS media supplemented with BA at 6.0, 3.0, 1.5, 0.0 0 mg.liter-1 in addition to sucrose at 90, 60, 300 g.liter-1 with the present of NAA at 0.1 mg.liter-1 to increase bulbs formation, weight, and diameter .Result showed that the best shoot proliferation media was MS supplemented with 1.0 mg.liter-1 BA and 0.3 mg.liter-1 NAA which resulted in 8.30 shoots.plant-1. As for bulbs formation, the results exhibited that MS media supplemented with 6.0 mg.liter-1 BA and 90 g.liter-1 sucrose with the existence of 0.10 mg.liter-1 NAA gave the highest bulbs formation percentage, diameter, and both fresh and dry weight which were 3 bulbs.explant-1, 0.98 cm, and 1.04 and 0.25 g, respectively.
EFFECT OF VARIATION IN THE MEASUREMENT OF SPACE CATEGORIES OF WHEAT FARMS IN SULAYMANIYAH WHEAT ON THE LEVEL OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND ESTIMATE THE SIZE OF THE EFFICIENCY ACHIEVED OPTIMAL RESOURCES.
Authors: & Jbara Rijib 
Published: June 2020

The wheat crop of the most important strategic food grain crops as it's source of food for more than (35%) of the world's population, particularly in third world countries from which Iraq.. This study deals with the subject of measuring the economic efficiency of rain-fed farms wheat in the region in order to identify the most important factors affecting the level of efficiency, in addition to estimating the size of the resources generated economic efficiency overall. It was obtained preliminary data from field sources by relying on a stratified random sample of wheat farmers included (225) farm productive season (2013-2014) in the province of Sulaymaniyah. It has been measuring the Total economical efficiency in accordance to the cost function parameters . It was found that the average of the price efficiency for each of the five categories was 74%, 60%, 58%, 63%, and 68% respectively giving a general average of 64%. In addition to that the measured economical efficiency of the five categories of the wheat cultivated farms 60%, 42%, 35%, 30%, and 47% respectively with an average of 44%. The size of the resources achieving the economical efficiency has been calculated and when subjected to comparison, it appears that there is a surplus in all the resources used.
STUDYING THE FACTORS EFFECTING THE PRODUCTION OF OKRA PROTEIN CONCENTRATE AND ISOLATE AND THEIR THERMAL PROPERTIES
Authors: & Shakir Kareem 
Published: June 2020

The current study was included the use of okra seeds (Abelmoschus esculentus) for preparation of Defatted Okra Powder (DOP), Okra Protein Concentrate (OPC) and Okra Protein Isolate (OPI). Three methods were used to identify the best one for protein concentrate preparation . The concentrate with 72.1% protein was prepared by removal of seed peel, ground, defatting and treated with ethanol. The optimum conditions for protein isolate preparation were 1:40 (water: DOP), extraction time of 75 minutes, extraction pH 9.0 and the precipitation pH was 4.0. This study also investigated the chemical composition to products that were 50.8,72.1,91.2% protein ,0.88,0.86,0.32 % fat ,8.45,9.94,2.67% ash and 35.23,12.37,3.26% carbohydrates For each of DOP ,OPC and OPI respectively. The amount of energy required for protein denaturation were 1.193, 0.5325, 0.236 J / g for DOP , OPC and OPI respectively.
SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF GINGER, PROPOLIS ADDED TO CONCENTRATED DIET ON SOME PRODUCTION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AWASSI EWES
Authors: AL-jubori O. S. H. 
Published: June 2020

This study was aimed to find out the synergistic effect of ginger and propolis some productivity and physiological traits of Awassi ewes. The study was conducted in field the Department of Animal Production - College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad Al-Jaderia, during 14/01/2016 - 03/27/2016, using 12 Awassi ewes with ages from 9 -11 months old ,average weight of 31 kg, The results showed a significant increase in the glucose for concentration (P <0. 05) in the ginger group compared with other groups where .significant increase in the concentration of blood sugar(81.0 mg / 100 ml of blood) in the first month and continued to the second month,The level of cholesterol increase (65.90) in the second month of the group of ginger, triglycerides, Low-density lipid had significant increase in the group ginger , significant increase in propolis group with high density lipid (54.00) , total protein , albumin and GPT enzyme shows significant increased effect on the contrary GOT enzyme was increased significant in mixture group in the second month (13.00IU / liter), while the level of hemoglobin and the Packed cells volume and the total count of white blood cells and red blood cells did not show any significant differences(normal value ) , It can be conclude from this study that the addition of 25 g ginger to concentrated diet / head / day is the best treatment.
EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENATION OF PROBIOTIC AND CITRIC ACID TO LAYING HENS DIET ON EGGS QUALITY TRAITS
Authors: & Taha Jasim 
Published: June 2020

This study was to understand the effect of supplementation probiotic and different levels of citric acid to laying hens diet on eggs quality traits. during five months used 195 laying hens of lohmann brown, 20 weeks old, being distributed in 15 ground pens (1. 5 × 2 m / pen) , 13 hens / pen, were randomly divided in to six treatments (3 Rep. / Treat.). First treatment was feded a standard laying diet without any additive as control, second treatment was feded diet with Iraqi probiotic 0.25%, third treatment was feded diet with Citric Acid 0.3% while fourth and fifth treatments were fed diets with Iraqi probiotic 0.25% and different levels of Citric Acid 0.3 and 0.45% respectively. The results showed an improvement in the eggs quality traits of hens fed the probiotic and citric acid, since significantly increase an achieved in each of eggs weight, shell weight, yolk weight, yolk index, haugh unit and without significant differences in shell thickness and weight of albumin . The effect of addition treatments had been enhanced the eggs quality traits in hens fed a combination addition of probiotic and citric acid compared with hens fed a single addition of probiotic or citric acid, that means get a synergistic effect between the probiotic and citric acid.
DETERMINATION OF THE INFECTIVE STRAIN OF HYDATID CYST IN IRAQI CATTLE BY USING CO1 GENE
Authors: Muhaidi M. J. 
Published: June 2020

Hydatid Cysts were obtained from liver, lungs, spleen, heart, and peritoneal cavity of 15 cows, from different Iraqi regions between December 2014 and October 2015. Hydatid cysts (protoscoleces) were used for mitochondrial DNA extraction by using mechanical grinder, and the purification of mtDNA was done by (promega kit, USA). "The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene" was used as target for "polymerase chain reaction (PCR)" which successfully amplified the targeted this gene with 450 bp. The PCR products were purified and partial sequences were determine. The obtained sequences were aligned with the corresponding region of co1 gene in the Gene Bank nucleotide database to confirm the infection with hydatid cyst sheep strain (G1) in Iraq. The amplified CO1 targeted region was analyzed to obtain the phylogenetic tree. G1 genotype was the most common strain and the actual source of infection of Iraqi's cattle. All of 15 samples were G1 strain (sheep strain) according to the partial sequences of (CO1) genes.
EFFECT OF ADDITION OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF FORMIC ACID AND UREA ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND FERMENTATION CHARACTERISTICS OF WILD REED PHRAGMITIS COMMUNIS SILAGE
Authors: & et al. Saeed 
Published: June 2020

This study was carried out in the laboratory to investigate the effect of addition of different levels of formic acid (FA) and urea on chemical composition and fermentation characteristics of common reed silages. About 400-500g of silage samples were prepared by treating chopped reed plants (2-3 cm) with solutions containing 10% of date juice, 0.5, 1 or 1.5% of FM and 0, 1 or 2% of urea. Silage samples were packed in double nylon bags and stored anaerobically for 60 days. Results showed that green color was roughly dominant in most samples of silage with vinegar odor. Samples were well aggregated with little mold was observed in few urea untreated silages. Results revealed also that increasing level of FA from 0.5 to 1 and 1.5% increased (P˂0.01) contents of dry matter (DM) by 0.79 and 1.15%, and crude protein (CP) by 1.42 and 2.11% respectively, and decreased (P˂0.01) ether extract (EE), by 0.29 and 0.63%. About effect of urea levels, most variables pointed out that there was a decrease may be occurred in fermentations due to a significant decrease in contents of DM (P˂0.01) and EE (P˂0.05). Content of crude fiber (CF) was decreased (P˂0.01) from 44.7 to 43 and 41.1% for 0, 1and 2% levels of urea respectively. Results showed that there was a decrease (P˂0.01) in pH values from 5.90 to 4.99 and 4.88, concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), from 1.19 to 0.75 and 0.66% of total nitrogen and total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) from 6.56 to 4.61 and 4.14 mmol/100 g DM of silage samples as a result of addition of FA at levels of 0.5, 1 and 1.5% respectively. However, increasing urea levels from 0 to 1 and 2% associated with an increase (P˂0.01) in fermentation parameters, 5.02, 5.06 and 5.70 for pH, 0.67, 0.98 and 0.95 for NH3-N and 3.70, 5.53 and 6.07 mmol/100 g DM for TVFA respectively
RESPONSE OF SOME WHEAT GROWTH TRAITS FOR FOR FOLIAR SPRAYING WITH HUMIC AND GLUTAMIC ACID
Authors: & Zeboon Baqir 
Published: June 2020

A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Experiment Unit, College of Agriculture Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, during two winter seasons 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 to study the response of some growth traits for wheat Cv. Al forat to foliar spraying using with humic glutamic acid and acid. A factorial experiment was with in Randomized Complete Block Design applied three replications, it involved two factor ,first factor was glutamic acid with three concentrations (0,250,500) mg L-1, second factor was humic acid with three concentrations (0,1,2) ml L-1, have been sprayed at tillering and flowering stages. The results showed that all the studed growth traits (plant height, ,number of tillers, flag leaf area dry weight for plant , crop growth rate ,relative growth rate and biological yield) were affected by spraying with humic acid and glutamic acid for two season concentration , 2ml -1 from humic acid was superior on most of studies traits , as for glutamic acid ,plants treated with concentrations 250 and 500 mg L-1 were produced the highest mean for studies traits but without significant difference between them in some traits .The interaction between two factors was significant on most studies growth traits .
ESTIMATING CONSTANT ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION PRODUCTION FUNCTION FOR AGRICULTURAL COMPANIES IN IRAQ
Authors: & Ali Al-Jubory 
Published: June 2020

This research aims to estimate production functions through which production relations, possibilities for production elements substitution, measurement of its substitution elasticity, and efficiency and distribution coefficients can be analyzed. This would be done through estimation of constant elasticity of substitution production function for agricultural companies in Iraq depending on data from Iraqi Stock Exchange reports of 2005-2016. The researcher had used panel data model and estimated its three models: the Pooled Regression Model (PRM), the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) and the Random Effect Model (REM). A comparison was made for theses three models using F, LM, Husman tests. Tests show that Fixed Effect Model (FEM) is the best estimated one and depended as the explanation of the constant elasticity of substitution production function. The results of this function referred that a 1% increase in capital stock and labor would increase the agriculture production of the agricultural companies with 0.73 and 0.48 % respectively. The capital stock helps in using the production technology. Also, there were no indications that the production technology effects on production value (i.e there is no increasing in efficiency value with the increasing of capital stock; note that the timeline of the study was 12 years in which supposed to show the applied production technology used by the agricultural companies and if it happened, it would be of no important. The elasticity substitution was 10, which is high and indicates that there are other substitutions available to the companies. The researcher recommends to put the scientific resources management, the changing of production and competence, the information technology, and the market changes into consideration so as to have a great competent.
Glioblastoma con componente neuronal primitivo
Authors: Velásquez Eugene , Gramajo Marisol 
Published: June 2020

Los glioblastomas representan la neoplasia maligna del sistema nervioso central más común en adultos. Estos pueden presentar diversos patrones histológicos, siendo el Glioblastoma con Componente Neuronal Primitivo (GCNP), uno de los más raros. La siguiente presentación de caso, corresponde a una Mujer de 49 años, con antecedente de adenocarcinoma mucinoso en cérvix, tratado con quimioterapia hacía 2 años, y referida por una masa en cerebro. Al estudio microscópico el diagnóstico fue de un Glioblastoma con Componente Neuronal Primitivo.
Implementasi Single Minute Exchange Of Dies (Smed) Untuk Perbaikan Proses Brand Changeover Mesin Focke Dan Protos
Authors: Indah Annisa , Rahayu Ade 
Published: June 2020

Waktu pergantian brand merupakan salah satu waste yang perlu kurangi atau diminimalkan. Di bagian Secondary White Machine PT. ITC , proses setup pada saat perpindahan brand (Brand Changeover) yang sering terjadi pada mesin berdampak pada nilai perfoma yang kecil dan berpotensi terjadi keterlambatan jadwal distribusi sehingga pada kondisi tersebut terjadi stock out pada pasar dan tidak dapat memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen sesuia dengan jadwal yang telah di tetapkan. Sehingga hal tersebut perlu diperhatikan dan di lakukan observasi terhadap kegiatan perpindahan brand pada mesin maker dan packer agar kegiatan tersebut lebih efisien. Dari hasil analisa yang dilakukan bersama dengan management, diketahui bahwa proses pergantian brand yang terjadi di area SPM memakan durasi waktu yang cukup lama di karenakan belum menerapkan metode yang tepat dalam proses tersebut. Dengan proses pemisahan kegiatan eksternal dan internal dengan metode SMED, dan memparalelkan kegiatan internal dalam suatu proses di harapkan mampu meningkatkan perfoma produksi. Waktu rata-rata yang dibutuhkan mesin protos untuk melakukan brand change adalah 85.078 menit dan mesin Focke adalah 179.105 menit. Dengan methode SMED dan melakukan pemisahan kegiatan eksternal dan internal dapat mengurangi 27.834% waktu Brand Change untuk mesin Protos dan 42.243% waktu Brand Change untuk mesin Focke. Dari implementasi metode tersebut selama 7 minggu dapat diketahui bahwa penurunan waktu Brand change dapat meningkatkan peforma uptime Link Up mesin sebesar 6.48%
Tantangan Dan Peluang Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi Dalam Pembelajaran Online Masa Covid-19
Authors: Suni Astini Ni Komang 
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted to determine the challenges and opportunities for the use of information technology on online learning in STKIP Agama Hindu Amlapura during the Covid-19 pandemic. By using library research methods and survey methods. The samples used in this study were all college students of STKIP Agama Hindu Semester II and Semester IV. The Covid-19 pandemic give a influenced college in Indonesia including the STKIP Agama Hindu Amlapura with Enforcement of physical distancing policy which then becomes the basis of the implementation of online lectures, by using information technology. The most widely used media in online learning at STKIP Agama Hindu Amlapura are Whatshap group and Google Classroom because these application is very easy to use. But there are some problem such as the lacking facilities. Based on the survey results, 50% of students do not have a laptops, and 80% of students are difficult to get signals and wasteful in using a data plan because many students live far from urban areas. The study was not effective because as many as 61.5% of students stated they never used online learning media before the co-19 pandemic. But the fact by using online learning is a trigger for the acceleration of the process of digital transformation of Indonesian education. Before pandemic some of discourse, supporting policies, and socialization about the era of education 4.0 was not successful. But Covid-19 give an extraordinary impact on digital transformation towards the educational era 4.0.
The Effect of Numbered Heads Together Method to the Students’ Ability in Writing Recount Text
Authors: Pardede Hilman , Herman Herman 
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tentang pengaruh metode numbered head together terhadap kemampuan siswa dalam menulis teks recount kelas IX di SMP N 2 Siantar. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menjawab masalah ini; Apa efek dari menggunakan metode numbered head together terhadap kemampuan siswa dalam menulis teks recount kelas IX di SMP N 2 Siantar? Untuk memecahkan masalah, para peneliti meggunakan beberapa teori yang mendukung penelitian: Bryne dan Nunan (2003), Zemach dan Rumisek (2003), Kendall dan Khuon (2006), Kagan (1994), Knapp (2005), Lie (2002)dan Herman (2014). Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Data untuk penelitian ini dikumpulkan dari kelas IX di SMP N 2 Siantar. Peneliti menggunakan dua kelas sebagai sampel, di mana satu kelas adalah kelompok eksperimen dan yang lainnya adalah kelompok kontrol. Instrumen untuk mengumpulkan data adalah dengan tes menulisteks recount untuk kedua kelompok dimana bahan ujian diambil dari materi pelajaran yang diajarkan kepada siswa. Data dianalisis dengan menerapkan t-count. Ditemukan bahwa t = hitung 2,25 dan t-tabel pada tingkat signifikansi p = 0,05 dan df = 56, Nx = Ny-2; 28 + 28 - 2 = 56. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai t-hitung lebih tinggi dari nilai t-tabel (2,25> 1,76). Penelitian ini memyimpulkan bahwa metode numbered head together memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan siswa dalam menulis teks recout kelas IX di SMP N 2 Siantar. Sarannya adalah guru harus menggunakan metode numbered head together dalam mengajar bahasa Inggris terutama dalam mengajar menulis teks recount untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa.