bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Religion og medier i et religionsvidenskabeligt perspektiv
Authors: Geertz Armin W. , Feldt Laura 
Published: September 2020

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The religion and media field has grown strongly as an academic subject in recent years, especially regarding studies of religion in contemporary mass media, TV, film, internet, social media etc., and in relation to popular culture. Scholars of religion have also begun to pay attention to the important role that media, mediation, and mediatization have played in the history of religions. It is this growing awareness that we wish to examine here. Our focus is not intended to signal the abandonment of interest in contemporary religion, media and popular culture; rather we wish to place this development in the deep and broad perspective of the study of religion. Media, mediation, and the more recent phenomenon of mediatization, are processes that are inseparable from the ways in which religion functions and is passed on from generation to generation. Thus, from a general study of religion perspective, we promote the argument that media and mediation processes are central aspects of how all religions function because all communication, including religious communication, can be seen as mediated. In this article, we reflect on and discuss the roles that media have played in the deep history of religions and continue to play in the present by bringing religion and media studies in conversation with cultural evolution and cognitive perspectives.
DANSK RESUMÉ: Religion og medier er blomstret stærkt op som emnefelt i de seneste år, særligt med fokus på religion i samtidens massemedier, tv, film, internet, sociale medier m.m. og i relation til populærkultur. Samtidigt er religionsforskere blevet opmærksomme på at medier og mediering har spillet vigtige roller for religionshistorien og det er dén udvikling vi her vil gribe fat i. Dermed ønsker vi ikke på nogen måde at signalere en opgiven af interessen for religion, medier og populærkultur i samtiden, men snarere at vi ønsker at indsætte denne udvikling i et langt og bredt religionsvidenskabeligt perspektiv. Medier og mediering er uadskilleligt fra hvordan religion fungerer og videreføres fra generation til generation. Derfor anlægger vi det overordnede perspektiv her, at medier og mediering udgør centrale aspekter af hvordan alle religioner fungerer, da al kommunikation, inklusiv religiøs kommunikation, kan anskues som medieret. I denne artikel reflekterer vi over og diskuterer den rolle medier, mediering og medialisering har spillet i religionshistorien og i samtiden bl.a. med inddragelse af kulturevolutionære og kognitive perspektiver.
Religionens teknik og teknikkens religion
Authors: Reeh Niels 
Published: September 2020

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This article seeks to utilize the German philosopher Martin Heidegger's notion of Gestell to establish an outline of the relation between religion and technique including media technique. According to Heidegger, tech-nique on the one hand serves as a means for Man. On the other hand technique al-so embeds Man in new relations as a standing reserve for something else. The arti-cle suggests that media technology has contributed to embed Man in religious and national distinctions. On this basis, the article presents an outline of different his-torical stages in which technology and especially media technology has had crucial consequences for embeding Man in religious and national distinctions.
DANSK RESUME: I denne artikel opstilles en skitse af hvordan forholdet mellem religion og teknik, herunder medier kan begribes ved hjælp af Martin Heideggers begreb Gestell. Dette begreb skærper opmærksomheden på det forhold at teknik ik-ke kun er et middel for mennesket, men også indlejrer mennesket i nye relationer. Mennesket bliver via teknikken stillet til rådighed eller som Heidegger kaldte det en bestand for noget andet end sig selv i disse nye relationer. I det lange historiske perspektiv har teknikken og især medieteknikken bidraget til at indlejre mennesket og dets livsverden i en række nye sammenhænge, heriblandt det man med ud-gangspunkt i Jan Assmann kunne kalde forskellige former for religiøse, statslige og nationale distinktioner, der har spillet afgørende roller i menneskets historie. På denne baggrund opstiller artiklen en skitse over sammenhænge mellem medietek-nik og religionsformer.
An Argument for Levinasian Ethics and the Arts With Considerations for Pedagogy
Authors: Parker Lana 
Published: September 2020

At a time when an ethics based on responsibility for the Other offers a counter to the individualism of neoliberal ideology, I argue that it is crucial to recuperate the possibility of creating the conditions for ethical moments of facing through all means possible, including art. I deliberate the possibilities for art in sustaining Levinas’s conception of an ethical intersubjective interaction, including: the call to listen to the Other, the implications of being called into question, the overflow of self, and the humility of response. To begin, I contemplate art as an Other that is able to face and break apart the bonne conscience. Second, I posit that the overflow that results from an interaction with the Other, as the bonne conscience is surpassed, can serve as a source of inspiration for artistic creation. Third, in the face of the ethical call, though one is first required to listen, one also has an obligation to respond; I contend that art can operate here, too, as a means of reply. I conclude the work with a discussion of the implications for pedagogy, including art as a means of broadening sociality.
Differences in the support needs of children with developmental disabilities among groups of medical and behavioral needs
Authors: Arias Victor B. , Aguayo Virginia , Verdugo Miguel A. , Amor Antonio M. 
Published: September 2020

Background/Aims
Medical and behavioral needs are relevant in organizing and providing support strategies that improve the quality of life for children, along with their families. The present study aims to examine the impact of medical and behavioral needs on the need for support of children with disabilities.

Methods
Health and education professionals were interviewed using the Supports Intensity Scale-Children’s version to estimate the support needs of 911 children and adolescents (5–16 years) with an intellectual disability, including 55.32% with an additional disability. For data analysis, a model for measuring support needs was specified, consisting of seven support needs factors and three method factors. In estimating the model, four groups of medical and behavioral needs were considered. The factor scores’ means of the groups were compared through t-tests.

Results
Medical and behavioral needs had an impact on overall support needs. Differences were found in all support domains for medical needs. The greatest influence of behavioral needs was found in the Social and School participation areas but was indistinguishable between the mild and moderate levels of needs.

Conclusions
Medical and behavioral needs greatly affect the need for support in a child’s daily life, so they need to be considered a priority for support services. The importance of standardized assessments is emphasized to help develop support strategies.
Assessing the prognostic scores for the prediction of the mortality of patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Yue , Nie Yuan , Liu Linxiang , Zhu Xuan 
Published: September 2020

Background
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), which is characterized by rapid deterioration of liver function and multiorgan failure, has high mortality. This study was designed to identify prognostic scores to predict short-term and long-term outcome in patients with ACLF to facilitate early treatment and thereby improve patient survival.

Materials and Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 102 ACLF patients who were hospitalized in the gastroenterology department. The EASL-CLIF criteria were used to define the ACLF. The demographic characteristics and biochemical examination results of the patients were acquired, and seven scores (CTP score, MELD score, MELD-Na, CLIF ACLF score, CLIF-C OF score, and CLIF SOFA score) were calculated 24 h after admission. All patients were observed until loss to follow-up, death, or specific follow-up times (28 days, 3 months, and 6 months), which were calculated after the initial hospital admission. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to estimate the power of six scores to forecast ACLF patients’ outcome.

Results
All scores were distinctly higher in nonsurviving patients than in surviving patients and had predictive value for outcome in patients with ACLF at all time points (P < 0.050). The areas under the ROC curve (AUROCs) of the CLIF-SOFA score were higher than those of other scores at all time points. The comparison of the AUROC of the CLIF-SOFA score with other scores was statistically significant at 28 days (P < 0.050), which was the only time point at which it was greater than 0.800.

Conclusion
Patients with ACLF have high mortality. These six scores are effective tools for assessing the prognosis of ACLF patients. The CLIF-SOFA score is especially effective for evaluating 28-day mortality.
TET1 may contribute to hypoxia-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition of endometrial epithelial cells in endometriosis
Authors: Wu Jingni , Li Xidie , Huang Hongyan , Xia Xiaomeng , Zhang Mengmeng , Fang Xiaoling 
Published: September 2020

Background
Endometriosis (EMs) is a non-malignant gynecological disease, whose pathogenesis remains to be clarified. Recent studies have found that hypoxia induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as well as epigenetic modification in EMs. However, the relationship between EMT and demethylation modification under hypoxia status in EMs remains unknown.

Methods
The expression of N-cadherin, E-cadherin and TET1 in normal endometria, eutopic endometria and ovarian endometriomas was assessed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence double staining. 5-hmC was detected by fluorescence-based ELISA kit using a specific 5-hmC antibody. Overexpression and inhibition of TET1 or hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) were performed by plasmid and siRNA transfection. The expression of HIF-2α, TET1 and EMT markers in Ishikawa (ISK) cells (widely used as endometrial epithelial cells) was evaluated by western blotting. The interaction of HIF-2α and TET1 was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation.

Results
Demethylation enzyme TET1 (ten-eleven translocation1) was elevated in glandular epithelium of ovarian endometrioma, along with the activation of EMT (increased expression of N-cadherin, and decreased expression of E-cadherin) and global increase of epigenetic modification marker 5-hmC(5-hydroxymethylcytosine). Besides, endometriosis lesions had more TET1 and N-cadherin co-localized cells. Further study showed that ISK cells exhibited enhanced EMT, and increased expression of TET1 and HIF-2α under hypoxic condition. Hypoxia-induced EMT was partly regulated by TET1 and HIF-2α. HIF-2α inhibition mitigated TET1 expression changes provoked by hypoxia.

Conclusions
Hypoxia induces the expression of TET1 regulated by HIF-2α, thus may promote EMT in endometriosis.
Using technology-based educational interventions to improve knowledge about clinical practice guidelines:
Authors: Verville Leslie , DC Pierre Côté , Grondin Diane , Mior Silvano , Moodley Keshini , Kay Robin , Taylor-Vaisey Anne 
Published: September 2020

Objective
To describe the best evidence on the effectiveness of technology-based learning tools designed to improve knowledge of health care providers about clinical practice guidelines (CPGs).

Methods
We conducted a systematic review, searching MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL from inception to July 2018. Included studies investigated the effectiveness of any technology-based learning tools developed to improve knowledge of health care providers about CPGs. We used a 2-phase screening process to determine eligibility. Pairs of reviewers critically appraised relevant studies using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network checklist for randomized controlled trials or the National Institutes of Health checklist for pre- and postintervention trials. Evidence from internally valid studies was described using a best-evidence summary. We conducted a sensitivity analysis to determine whether results varied according to methodological quality.

Results
Twenty-five of 8321 articles met our selection criteria. Six studies had a low risk of bias and were included in this review. Spaced education was associated with improvement in knowledge; however, its effectiveness relative to other interventions is unknown. Module-based online educational interventions were associated with improvement in knowledge of CPGs; however, they may not be more effective than paper-based self-learning or in-person workshops. The sensitivity analysis determined that the evidence was similar between the high and low risk of bias studies.

Conclusion
Module-based- and spaced-education interventions may be beneficial for improving health care providers' knowledge of CPGs; however, much of the evidence toward their use is preliminary.
Financial Evaluation of Short Rotation Tree Crop under Agroforestry System in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Bharathi R. Divya , Chandran K. , Karthick V. 
Published: September 2020

This paper presents the financial evaluation of short rotation tree crops under agroforestry system. Agroforestry involves the cultivation of two or more plant species with woody perennial in a single fragment of land. Multi-stage purposive sampling technique was employed in selection of the district, blocks and villages based on area under forest cover. Dharmapuri district of Tamil Nadu was taken for this study. Though there are many short rotation tree species grown in the study area, farmers prefer Malabar Neem (Melia dubia) for its multiple uses. The prominent agroforestry systems in the study region viz. Agri-Silviculture and Silviculture were selected. The primary data was collected from 80 sample farmers for the agricultural year 2018-19 and the sample respondents were surveyed from January to February, 2020. Financial analysis viz., Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR), Net Present Worth (NPW) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) were performed to check the feasibility of the investment in Agri- Silviculture and Silviculture system. The results indicate that additional income (68%) and meeting emergency cash requirement (67%) were the major reasons for adopting short rotation tree crops. The Net Present Worth per hectare in Agri-Silviculture and Silviculture system was Rs. 3,43,823 and Rs.1,97,909. BCR of Agri-Silviculture system has been found to be higher (2.01) than Silviculture system (1.66). Growing Malabar Neem with agricultural crops is more beneficial when comparing trees alone, it is capable of providing income round the year in a short span of time. Using tree crops as a contingency fund allows the farmer to meet the unforeseen expenses.
Religion, Culture and Medicine Analysis of Female Genital Mutilation amongst 84 Antenatal Clinic Attendees at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Eli S. , Kalio D. G. B. , Briggs N. C. T. , Okagua K. E. 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) or Female Circumcision (FC) have been influenced by religion, culture and medicine. The practice of FGM have been associated with myriads of negative health consequences, resulting in its abolishment by the World Health Organization (WHO). This is unlike male circumcision which is well accepted by most religions of the world, culture and medically.
Aim: To ascertain the influence of religion, culture and medicine as regards FGM amongst antenatal clinic (ANC) attendees at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH).
Methods: It was a cross sectional study of ANC attendees at The RSUTH. The Information was retrieved using a self structured questionnaire which was coded and analyzed using SPSS version 25.
Results: A total number 84 ANC attendees were recruited for the study. The mean age was 30.7 years and the modal parity was 1. The mean gestational age was 15.8 weeks. Twenty (23.8%) respondents had FC, all of whom were Christians. Eighteen (21.4%) of the respondents were of the opinion that FGM was a good practice; while 66 (78.6%) respondents believed that FGM was a wrong practice. The 2 most common reasons for FGM were to prevent promiscuity 7 (8.3%) and cultural reasons 7 (8.3%). The commonest known complication by respondents following FGM was bleeding from the genital tract 24 (28.6%).
Conclusion: The prevalence of FGM from the study was 23.8% amongst ANC attendees at the RSUTH. Religion, culture and medicine may play vital roles in the eradication of FGM in our sub-region as recommended by WHO.
The Role of Pastors: Attitude of 193 Ante Natal Clinic Attendees towards Caesarean Section at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Eli S. , Kalio D. G. B. , Okagua K. E. , Briggs N. C. T. , Wekere F. C. C. 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Caesarean section (Cs) is a surgical procedure carried out to prevent adverse maternal and fetal outcome.
Aversion to Cs may constitute a major obstacle to safe motherhood.
Some for pregnant women not accepting Cs are socio-cultural, religious, ethnic or economical.
Aim: Determine the attitude of the church in Nigeria and Pastors towards caesarean section, hence profer solution to the aversion to caesarean section.
Methods: It was a prospective study of ANC attendees at the RSUTH.
The information was coded and analyzed using SPSS version 25.
Results: A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed and 193 retrieved.
The mean age was 31 years. The modal parity was 2.
As regards level of education; respondents with no formal education were 5 (2.6%), primary 6 (3.1%), secondary 88 (45.6%) and tertiary 94 (48.7%). Fifty seven (30%) of the antenatal mothers had aversion for CS.
The reasons given were socio-cultural 25 (13%), religious 8 (4.1%), economic 7 (3.6), ethnic 4 (2.1%), combination of the above 17 (8.8%) and 132 (68.4%) did not respond.
Conclusion: The study revealed that the aversion for CS was 30% amongst antenatal clinic attendees at the RSUTH. Religious in this scenario were all Christians was 4.1 %, non-respondents were 68.4%.
Counselling and advocacy are needed to change the wrong perspective about CS by the Pastors to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality.
Interactions between Primary Neurons and Graphene Films with Different Structure and Electrical Conductivity
Authors: Capasso Andrea , Rodrigues João , Moschetta Matteo , Buonocore Francesco , Faggio Giuliana , Messina Giacomo , Kim Min Jung , Kwon Junyoung , Placidi Ernesto , Benfenati Fabio , Bramini Mattia , Lee Gwan‐Hyoung , Lisi Nicola 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGraphene‐based materials represent a useful tool for the realization of novel neural interfaces. Several studies have demonstrated the biocompatibility of graphene‐based supports, but the biological interactions between graphene and neurons still pose open questions. In this work, the influence of graphene films with different characteristics on the growth and maturation of primary cortical neurons is investigated. Graphene films are grown by chemical vapor deposition progressively lowering the temperature range from 1070 to 650 °C to change the lattice structure and corresponding electrical conductivity. Two graphene‐based films with different electrical properties are selected and used as substrate for growing primary cortical neurons: i) highly crystalline and conductive (grown at 1070 °C) and ii) highly disordered and 140‐times less conductive (grown at 790 °C). Electron and fluorescence microscopy imaging reveal an excellent neuronal viability and the development of a mature, structured, and excitable network onto both substrates, regardless of their microstructure and electrical conductivity. The results underline that high electrical conductivity by itself is not fundamental for graphene‐based neuronal interfaces, while other physico–chemical characteristics, including the atomic structure, should be also considered in the design of functional, bio‐friendly templates. This finding widens the spectrum of carbon‐based materials suitable for neuroscience applications.
Outcomes of lenalidomide‐ or bortezomib‐based regimens in older patients with plasma cell myeloma
Authors: Barth Peter , Giri Smith , Reagan John L , Olszewski Adam J 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe “triplet” regimen of lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (RVD) showed survival advantage over lenalidomide‐dexamethasone (RD) in clinical trials, but older patients with myeloma often receive doublet regimens (RD or bortezomib‐dexamethasone, VD), or VD plus cyclophosphamide (VCD). We compared these first‐line regimens using real‐world data from Medicare beneficiaries receiving therapy between 2007 and 2015. In each comparative analysis, we balanced confounding characteristics using a propensity score. Outcomes included overall (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS, reporting hazard ratios [HR] with 95% confidence intervals [CI]), adverse events, and costs. We identified 6076 patients with median age 76 and median OS of 2.6 years. In the comparison of RVD vs RD/VD doublets, RVD showed significantly better OS (HR = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.72‐0.95) and EFS (HR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.61‐0.76). So, RVD was associated with more frequent hospitalizations, anemia, and neuropathy, but no increase in thromboembolism or secondary cancers. Costs were higher with RVD. In the comparison of RD vs VD, RD demonstrated better EFS (HR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.68‐0.81) and marginally better OS (HR = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83‐0.99). And, RD resulted in significantly more thromboembolic events, less neuropathy, and no significant difference in hospitalizations, transfusions, or secondary cancers. In the comparison of VCD vs VD, we observed no significant difference in any outcome. Superior survival favors RVD over doublet regimens, but even in 2015 RVD was applied for only about 25% of Medicare beneficiaries with myeloma. For patients not eligible for RVD due to toxicity, VCD offers no survival benefit over VD. Lenalidomide‐dexamethasone may be the preferred line doublet considering its advantage over VD.
Organizational structures, gender roles and upgrading strategies of smallholders: A qualitative study of the local value chain in the Nigerian fishing sector
Authors: Adetoyinbo Ayobami , Otter Verena 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, research concepts and empirical evidence are needed to upgrade smallholder activities within local value chains (LVCs) of many developing countries. Yet, comprehensive gender‐sensitive investigations of the evolution and multiplicity of governance in whole food systems with parallel functioning of local and modern value chains (MVCs) are greatly underrepresented in the scientific literature. This study aims to uncover LVCs' (a) value systems, (b) governance themes and gender roles for value addition and (c) smallholder upgrading strategies in developing countries' dualistic sectors. The global value chain framework serves as the conceptual basis for the study and is extended towards the gendered value web approach. Empirical data obtained through three focus group discussions, three Net‐maps and 21 interviews from the Nigerian shrimp sub‐sector represent the basis for the qualitative analysis. The results identified two lead actors—traders and women processors—who are crucial for the functioning of the complex value system. Further findings showed that fishermen and women processors are mutually reliant and are organized along their gendered comparative advantage. Based on these results, manifold managerial and policy implications, that are also applicable to other developing countries and cases, are derived to upgrade and develop smallholders' gendered activities and products along the LVC.