bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Workflow Simulation for the Design and Assessment of Operating Room Setups in Orthopedic Surgery
Authors: Neumann Juliane , Angrick Christine , Höhn Celina , Zajonz Dirk , Ghanem Mohamed , Roth Andreas , Neumuth Thomas 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background:
The design and internal layout of modern operating rooms (OR) are influencing the surgical team’s collaboration and communication, ergonomics, as well as intraoperative hygiene substantially. Yet, there is no objective method for the assessment and design of operating room setups for different surgical disciplines and intervention types available. The aim of this work is to establish an improved OR setup for common procedures in arthroplasty.
Methods
With the help of computer simulation, a method for the design and assessment of enhanced OR setups was developed. New OR setups were designed, analyzed in a computer simulation environment and evaluated in the actual intraoperative setting. Thereby, a 3D graphical simulation representation enabled the strong involvement of clinical stakeholders in all phases of the design and decision-making process of the new setup alternatives.
Results
The implementation of improved OR setups reduced the instrument handover time between the surgeon and the scrub nurse, the travel paths of the OR team as well as shortened the procedure duration. Additionally, the ergonomics of the OR staff were improved.
Conclusion
The developed simulation method was evaluated in the actual intraoperative setting and proved its benefit for the design and optimization of OR setups for different surgical intervention types. As a clinical result, enhanced setups for total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty surgeries were established in daily clinical routine and the OR efficiency was improved.
Efficacy of high dose versus low dose vitamin D supplementation on serum levels of inflammatory factors and mortality rate in severe traumatic brain injury patients: study protocol for a randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Arabi Seyed Mostafa , Sedaghat Alireza , Ehsaei Mohammadreza , Safarian Mohammad , Ranjbar Golnaz , Rezaee Hamid , Rezvani Reza , Tabesh Hamed , Norouzy Abdolreza 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the most common trauma worldwide and is a leading cause of injury-related death and disability. Inflammation is a major problem among TBL patients which is in association with severity of illness and mortality in brain trauma patients, especially in subdural hemorrhage and epidural hemorrhage cases. A high percentage of adults admitted to the intensive care unit with critical conditions are diagnosed with vitamin D-deficiency, this deficiency may induce impaired immune responses and increase the risk of infections. Vitamin D intervention has been shown to modulate pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in non-critically ill patients, but to date, there is no substantial data on the effectiveness of vitamin D for the improvement of immune function in traumatic brain injury patients. Methods/design A randomized clinical trial (RCT) will be performed on 74 Iranian adults 18-65 years old with brain trauma, and will be treated daily by vitamin D supplements (100000 IU oral drop) or a similar placebo (1000 IU) for 5 days. Discussion If this randomized clinical trial elucidates reduction in inflammatory cytokines, it would provide the evidence for multi-central clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in neuro -critically ill patients. Since vitamin D supplements are inexpensive and safe, this clinical trial could have the potential to improve clinical outcomes in traumatic brain injury patients through reduction of inflammation and infection associated morbidity and mortality rates.
The association of healthy lifestyle behaviors with mental health indicators among adolescents of different family affluence
Authors: Maenhout Laura , Peuters Carmen , Cardon Greet , New Sofie Compernolle , Crombez Geert , DeSmet Ann 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Healthy lifestyles may contribute to better mental health, which is particularly important in adolescence, an age at which half of all mental health problems first occur. This association may be even more relevant in adolescents of low family affluence, who show more mental health problems, as well as more unhealthy lifestyles. This study investigated healthy lifestyle behaviors, namely sufficient sleep and physical activity, daily breakfast intake, low levels of alcohol use or smoking, in relation to mental health and symptoms of mental health problems (feelings of depression, anxiety, stress and self-esteem) among adolescents from different family affluence. Furthermore, the moderating role of family affluence was examined in those relations.

Methods

Adolescents aged 12-18y were recruited via a random sample of schools in Flanders, Belgium. A total of 1037 adolescents participated (M age=15.2, 49.8% female). Independent samples t-tests, Mann Whitney U-tests and χ²-tests determined the differences in healthy lifestyle behaviors and mental health indicators between adolescents of low-medium and high family affluence. Regression analyses assessed the association between healthy lifestyles and mental health outcomes and the moderating role of family affluence.

Results

All healthy lifestyle behaviors were associated with at least one mental health outcome, with the exception of alcohol consumption. Adolescents from low-medium family affluence had lower levels of physical activity, less often took breakfast, had lower levels of alcohol consumption and reported lower self-esteem than adolescents from high family affluence. The results showed no moderating effect of family affluence for the association between healthy lifestyle and mental health .

Conclusion

These findings support the value of integrating healthy lifestyle behaviors in interventions for mental health promotion, for both youth of low-medium and high family affluence.
Hypophosphataemia after ferric carboxymaltose is unrelated to symptoms, intestinal inflammation or vitamin D status
Authors: Fang Wendy , Kenny Rachel , Rizvi Qurat-ul-Ain , McMahon Lawrence P. , Garg Mayur 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Intravenous iron replacement is recommended for iron-deficient patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but may be associated with hypophosphataemia, predisposing to osteomalacia and fractures. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors for hypophosphataemia following intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in patients with IBD. Methods This prospective observational study of patients with and without IBD evaluated serum phosphate for 28 days following intravenous FCM, and assessed associations with symptoms, markers of inflammation and vitamin D status. Results 24 patients with IBD (11 with Crohn’s disease [CD], 13 with ulcerative colitis [UC], mean age 45 years [range 19-90], 7 female), and 20 patients without IBD (mean age 56 [22-88]y, 11 female), were included. Overall, serum phosphate declined by a mean of 36% at Day 7, with a mean fall of 42% (SD 19%) at some time point over 28 days (p<0.001). Twenty-four of 44 (55%) patients developed moderate to severe hypophosphataemia (serum phosphate <0.6 mmol/L). No differences between patients with and without IBD were seen, but patients with CD had greater decline in phosphate than those with UC. There was no association between hypophosphataemia and symptomatic adverse events, faecal calprotectin, C-reactive protein, albumin, platelet count, 25(OH) vitamin D, or 1,25(di-OH) vitamin D. Serum phosphate <1.05mmol/L on Day 2 predicted susceptibility to moderate-severe hypophosphataemia (OR 7.0). Conclusions Hypophosphataemia following FCM is common, unrelated to symptomatic adverse events, baseline intestinal or systemic inflammation, or vitamin D status.
DNA Methylome Distinguishes Oropharyngeal and Oral Cancer from Oral Lesions and Healthy Oral Mucosa
Authors: Nina Milutin Gašperov , Sabol Ivan , Božinović Ksenija , Dediol Emil , Mravak-Stipetić Marinka , Licastro Danilo , Monego Simeone Dal , Grce Magdalena 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: There is a strong need to find new, good biomarkers of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), because of the prognoses and high mortality of patients. The aim of this study was to identify the potential biomarkers in HNSCC that have differences in their DNA methylome and potentially premalignant oral lesions, in comparison to healthy oral mucosa.Methods: In this study 32 oral samples were tested: 9 healthy oral mucosae, 13 HNSCC and 10 potentially premalignant oral lesions for DNA methylation by Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip.Results: Our findings showed a panel of genes significantly hypermethylated in their promoters or specific sites in HNSCC samples in comparison to healthy oral samples, which are mainly oncogenes, receptor and transcription factor genes, or genes included in cell cycle, transformation, apoptosis and autophagy. A group of hypomethylated genes in HNSCC, in comparison to healthy oral mucosa, is mainly involved in the host immune response and transcriptional regulation. The results also showed significant differences in gene methylation between HNSCC and potentially premalignant oral lesions, as well as differently methylated genes that discriminate between oral lesions and healthy mucosa.Conclusions: The given methylation panels point to the possibly early diagnostics of HNSCC as well as potentially premalignant oral lesions and its possible implication in clinical practice.
Cost-effectiveness of different surgical treatment approaches for early breast cancer: a retrospective matched cohort study from China
Authors: Yang Qing , Zhong Xiaorong , Zhang Wei , Luo Ting , He Ping , Zheng Hong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Both breast-conserving surgery and breast reconstruction surgery are less popular in China, although they can improve patients' quality of life. The main reason comes from the economy. There is currently no economic evaluation of different surgical treatment options for early breast cancer. Our study aimed to evaluate the long-term cost-utilities of different surgical treatment approaches for early breast cancer. The surgical approaches are including mastectomy(MAST), breast-conserving therapy(BCT), and mastectomy with reconstruction (MAST+RECON). Methods We applied the propensity score matching method to perform a 1: 1 match on patients undergoing these three types of surgery in a tertiary academic medical center from 2011 to 2017 to obtain a balanced sample of covariates between groups. A Markov model was established. Clinical data and cost data were obtained from the medical records. Health utility values were derived from clinical investigations. Strategies were compared using an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Results The total cost of MAST, MAST+RECON and BCT was $35,282.24, $69,428.82 and $73,661.08, respectively. The discounted quality-adjusted life year(QALYs) were 17.94, 18.71 and 20.49, respectively. Compared with MAST, MAST+RECON and BCT have an ICER of $106708.06/QALY and $15050.53/QALY, respectively. The ICER of BCT vs. MAST was less than the threshold of $27,931.04. The reliability and stability of the results were confirmed by Monte Carlo simulation and sensitivity analysis. Conclusions We believe that in the context of the limited resources in China, after comparing the three surgical approaches, BCT is the more cost-effective and preferred solution.
“The Use Of Information And Communication Technologies In Latinamerican Dentists: A Cross-Sectional Study”
Authors: Cherrez-Ojeda Ivan , Vera-Paz Carlos A. , Vanegas Emanuel , Gallardo Juan Carlos , Felix Miguel , Espinoza-Fuentes Fernando , Chedraui Peter , Gavilanes Antonio WD , Mata Valeria 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objectives: The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) allows people to communicate in "real-time". The popularity of these tools has created a need for healthcare providers to have an online presence and interact with their patients via an increasing number of channels. The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of use, perceptions, and barriers of ICTs among Ecuadorian dentists. Methods: An anonymous, cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted among 342 Ecuadorian dentists. The questionnaire included 13 items related to the frequency of use, perceptions and barriers of ICTs among dentists.Results: Almost all participants reported communicating with colleagues (99.7%) and with patients (96.2%) using ICTs. In contrast, academic information searching was the least used application, with 36.5% (n = 125) of respondents indicating no ICT use for this purpose. WhatsApp was overall the most used ICT with 97.4% of participants using it to contact colleagues and 93.6% to contact patients. Similarly, Facebook was used by 88.0% (n = 301) of dentists to interact with colleagues while 67.8% did so with patients. More than 90% (n = 308) of dentists perceived that ICTs are useful for health and service promotion, getting involved in research projects, solving daily clinical cases, working in groups and finding new job opportunities. Regarding barriers, privacy was the biggest concern among dentists, with 65.2% (n = 223) agreeing that it is an issue concerning ICT use. The second most frequent barrier was time, with 48% (n = 164) of respondents considering not having enough time to use ICTs.Conclusions: We found that Ecuadorian dentists had high usage of ICTs, mainly for communication among professionals and communication with their patients. Academic information searching remains a comparatively underused application of these tools. Most participants had a positive perception of ICTs in the dentistry practice, particularly younger dentists. Furthermore, dentists had a positive perception of ICTs. Finally, privacy remains the main barrier for ICT adoption according to our survey.
Chemical characterization and anti-inflammatory activity of phytoconstituents from Swertia alata
Authors: bajaj sakshi , Wakode Sharad , Kaur Avneet , Bansal Himangini , Manchanda Satish , Kumar Sachin , Fuloria Neeraj , Fuloria Shivkanya 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Swertia alata C.B Clarke (Gentianaceae) is well reported in Indian Traditional system of medicine and plant was known for its febrifuge, tonic, laxative and antimalarial properties.Objective: To isolate the phytoconstituents from the plant species S alata (Gentianaceae) and to study in vitro COX-1/COX-2, in vivo anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenic activity.Material and methods: With intent to explore newer phytoconstituents, the ethanolic extract of aerial parts of S. alata was partitioned into petroleum ether and chloroform soluble fractions. The isolation of phytoconstituents was performed using silica gel base column chromatography, afforded two phytoisolates (one new and one known) characterized as oleanolic acid (SA-1) and 3-hydroxylup-12-(13)-ene-17-carboxylic acid (SA-4). The structures of the isolated compounds were established based on melting point (MP), Ultraviolet (UV), Attenuated total reflection-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), 1D (1H NMR & 13C NMR) 2D Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Correlation (HMBC) Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Mass spectrometry. Pharmacological screening was performed to evaluate in vitro Cyclooxygenase (COX-1 /COX-2) inhibitory activity, in vivo anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenic activity.Results: Among the compounds, SA-4 (COX-1: COX-2 :: 104 : 61.68 µM, % inhibition = 61.36) found to be more effective than SA-1(COX-1:COX-2:: 128.4:87.25 µM, % inhibition = 47.72) Ulcerogenic study was also performed on the isolated compounds (SA-1 and SA-4) and found to possess significant gastric tolerance than indomethacin. Conclusion: Ayurvedic knowledge supported by modern science is necessary to isolate, characterize, and standardize the active constituents from herbal sources for anti-inflammatory and antiulcer activity.
Do the dynamics of vaccine programs improve the full immunization of children under the age of five in Cameroon?
Authors: DEFFO Rodrigue NDA'CHI , KAMGA Benjamin FOMBA 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Among the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), three were devoted to health. Two amongst which MDG4 in relation to the reduction of infant mortality has not been achieved in Least Developed Countries (LDC). In Africa, a significant part of infant mortality is due to vaccine-preventable diseases administered free of charge by the Extended Program on Immunization (EPI). As such, in the "social equity" pillar of Sustainable Development Goals (SDO), the MDGs RELATED TO HEALTH have yet been taken into account. The achievement of these objectives requires an understanding of the immunization behavior of children under five years of age. Methods We use data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) of 1991, 1998, 2004 and 2011 carried out by the National Institute of Statistics (NIS). The module concerning EPI vaccines was administered to 3350, 2317, 8125 and 25524 under 5 in 1991, 1998, 2004 and 2011 respectively. The immunization analysis was made from the full immunization logistic model and Oaxaca's decomposition to assess the contribution of the unexplained part which is the contribution of EPI dynamics. Results In general, children with vaccination card are more than 7 times likely to be fully immunized than their counterparts who do not have any. This result was higher in 1991 (approximately 57) and lowest in 2011 (5). In addition, the child's birth order reduces his/her probability of being fully immunized and the impact increases with the latter's birth order. On the other hand, the mother's age as well as her level of education increase the child's likelihood of receiving all basic vaccines. In addition, the contribution of EPI partners in terms of immunization support is of special relevance in increasing immunization coverage. They significantly explain 67.62% of the 0.105 gain recorded within the 2011-2004 period and 72.46% of the 0.069 gain recorded within the 2004-1998 period. Conclusion The contribution of EPI partner organizations is fundamental for the achievement of EPI objectives. Since they contribute to increase the likelihood of fully immunized children. The link with child immunization is done through the specific characteristics to the mother.
Genome-wide analysis of AP2/ERF Transcription Factors in sugarcane Saccharum spontaneum L. Reveals Functional Divergence During Drought, Salt Stress and Plant Hormones Treatment
Authors: Li Piting , Chai Zhe , Lin Pingping , Huang Chaohua , Huang Guoqiang , Xu Liangnian , Deng Zuhu , Zhang Muqing , Zhang Yu , Zhao Xinwang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR (AP2/ERF) transcription factors play important roles in plant growth, development, metabolism, as well as in biotic and abiotic stress responses. However, there are few studies concerning AP2/ERF genes in sugarcane, which is the most critical sugar and energy crop worldwide. Results: A total of 218 AP2/ERF genes were identified in the Saccharum spontaneum genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these genes could be divided into four groups, including 43 AP2s, 160 ERFs, and Dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) factors, 11 ABI3/VPs (RAV) and 4 Soloist genes. These genes were unevenly distributed on 32 chromosomes. Analysis of the structural of SsAP2/ERF genes showed that 91 SsAP2/ERFs lacked introns. Sugarcane and sorghum have a collinear relationship between 168 SsAP2/ERF genes and sorghum AP2/ERF genes that reflects their similarity. Multiple cis-regulatory elements (CREs) are present in the SsAP2/ERF promoter, and many are related to abiotic stresses, suggesting that SsAP2/ERF activity could contribute to the adaptation of sugarcane crops to environmental changes. The tissue-specific analysis showed spatiotemporal expression of SsAP2/ERF in the stems and leaves of sugarcane at different stages of development. In 10 sugarcane samples, 39 SsAP2/ERFs were not expressed at all, whereas 58 SsAP2/ERFs were expressed in all samples. Quantitative PCR experiments showed that SsERF52 expression was up-regulated under salt stress, but suppressed under drought stress. SsSoloist4 had the most considerable upregulation in response to treatment with the exogenous hormones ABA and GA. Within 3 hours of ABA or PEG6000 treatment, SsSoloist4 expression was up-regulated, indicating that this gene could play a role in ABA and GA-associated drought stress response mechanisms. Analysis of AP2/ERF gene expression patterns under different treatments indicated that SsAP2/ERF genes play an important role in drought and salt stress responses of S. spontaneum. Conclusions: In this study, a total of 218 members of the AP2 / ERF superfamily were identified in sugarcane, and their genetic structure, evolution characteristics, and expression patterns were studied and analyzed. The results of this study provide a foundation for future analyses to elucidate the importance of AP2/ERF transcription factors in the function and molecular breeding of sugarcane.
Averting Expenditure on Malaria: Effects on Maize Labour Productivity in Bunkpurugu-Nakpanduri District of Ghana
Authors: Mabe Franklin Nantui , Dafurika Thomas 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Malaria has been one of the commonest diseases during farming season which affects farmers’ health resulting in number of days spend on the farm. Due to this, farmers always try to prevent malaria attack by averting. Motivated by this argument, this study sought to determine the effects of malaria averting expenditure on labour productivity of maize farmers in Bunkpurugu-Nakpanduri District in the Northern Region of Ghana.Methods A cross sectional primary data was collected from 194 maize farmers. Both descriptive and quantitative data analysis approaches were employed. Conditional Mixed Process was used to estimate the effects of malarial averting expenditure on maize labour productivity.Results The study revealed that maize farmers incurred an average averting expenditure amount of GH¢ 284.60 on malaria. The result shows that factors that significantly affect maize farmers averting expenditure include; households’ off-farm income, household size, presence of bushes around houses, presence of pregnant women and number of household members in school. Meanwhile, quantity of fertilizer, seed, weedicides, farming experience, age, ownership of motor bike and averting expenditure are significant determinants of maize labour productivity. The study revealed that as farmers spend more to avert malaria attack, the become more productive.Conclusions Therefore, this study recommends that Ministry of Health should increase a public advocacy to ensure a holistic approach on use of malaria averting strategies such as clearing of bushes around houses, draining of stagnant water, sleeping in treated mosquito nets among others.