bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post‐operative pain management with meloxicam: a systematic literature review in the field of dentistry
Authors: Khosraviani F. , Saberi‐Demneh A. , Asadollahifar R. , Nakhostin A. , Khazaei P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimPain is one of the clinical problems after orofacial surgeries. There have been various studies about the analgesic effect of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in this group of surgeries. In recent years, meloxicam has undergone clinical trials in dentistry. The purpose of this study was to review the efficacy of meloxicam on postoperative pain in dentistry.Materials and methodsThe study design was in accordance with the PRISMA guidance. The keywords according to MeSH and related articles were searched in the EBSCO, MEDLINE (via Ovid), PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. Then eligible randomized clinical trials articles, which released up to December 2017, were thoroughly reviewed.ResultsThe nine eligible articles were studied. Meloxicam was administered with doses of 7.5, 10 and 15 mg (oral or intramuscular) before or after the third molar extraction. Meloxicam has a similar or significantly better analgesic effect than some of the selective and non‐selective NSAIDs and significantly has a better analgesic effect than some of salicylic acids and tramadol.ConclusionMeloxicam can be considered as an alternative analgesic agent than some NSAIDs, tramadol and salicylic acids in patients who have undergone the third molar extraction.
Chemical mapping as a predictor of vein of Marshall ethanol ablative effects
Authors: Okishige Kaoru , Shigeta Takatoshi , Nishimura Takuro , Nakamura Rena A. , Hirao Tatsuhiko , Yoshida Hiroshi , Yamauchi Yasuteru , Keida Takehiko , Sasano Tetsuo , Hirao Kenzo , Valderrábano Miguel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to test regional pharmacological effects of an antiarrhythmic agents to predict ablative effects.BackgroundThe vein of Marshall (VOM) providing vascular access to myocardial tissue has been used for ablative purposes using ethanol.MethodsA total of 35 patients (male 21, 63.2 ± 7.8 years old) were included. A balloon‐tipped infusion catheter was inserted into the VOM. Endocardial ultrahigh‐resolution mapping was performed along the VOM region to record the change in atrial electrograms (AEs) after VOM injection of cibenzoline of 3.5 mg during sustained atrial fibrillation (AF). Subsequently, ethanol was infused into the VOM and ablative region was mapped.ResultsIn 17 patients (49 %), cibenzoline reduced AEs amplitude by >50%, all of which had also complete elimination of AEs following ethanol (Group A). In 18 patients (Group B), cibenzoline failed to eliminate AEs; yet, in 13 of 18 AEs were eliminated by ethanol. In the remaining five patients, ethanol did not eliminate AE.ConclusionsCibenzoline into the VOM could reliably predicts the results of subsequent ethanol infusion into the VOM using ultrahigh‐resolution mapping system, which leads to avoid unnecessary permanent lesion creation by ethanol infusion.
Participation in environmental enhancement and conservation activities for health and well‐being in adults: A review of quantitative and qualitative evidence
Authors: Pich Jacqueline 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe rates of chronic diseases and lifestyle conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, heart disease, and obesity, as well as mental health conditions such as depression are increasing and have a negative impact on the health and well‐being of sufferers. The primary objective of this review was to review the quantitative and qualitative evidence about health and well‐being impacts on adults following participation in environmental enhancement or conservation activities.
Surprising absence of association between flower surface microstructure and pollination system
Authors: Kraaij M. , van der Kooi C. J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

The epidermal cells of flowers come in different shapes and have different functions, but how they evolved remains largely unknown. Floral micro‐texture can provide tactile cues to insects, and increases in surface roughness by means of conical (papillose) epidermal cells may facilitate flower handling by landing insect pollinators. Whether flower microstructure correlates with pollination system remains unknown.

Here, we investigate the floral epidermal microstructure in 29 (congeneric) species pairs with contrasting pollination system. We test whether flowers pollinated by bees and/or flies feature more structured, rougher surfaces than flowers pollinated by non‐landing moths or birds and flowers that self‐pollinate.

In contrast with earlier studies, we find no correlation between epidermal microstructure and pollination system. The shape, cell height and roughness of floral epidermal cells varies among species, but is not correlated with pollinators at large. Intriguingly, however, we find that the upper (adaxial) flower surface that surrounds the reproductive organs and often constitutes the floral display is markedly more structured than the lower (abaxial) surface.

We thus conclude that conical epidermal cells probably play a role in plant reproduction other than providing grip or tactile cues, such as increasing hydrophobicity or enhancing the visual signal.
Nicotinamide riboside does not alter mitochondrial respiration, content or morphology in skeletal muscle from obese and insulin‐resistant men
Authors: Dollerup Ole L. , Chubanava Sabina , Agerholm Marianne , Søndergård Stine D. , Altıntaş Ali , Møller Andreas B. , Høyer Kasper F. , Ringgaard Steffen , Stødkilde‐Jørgensen Hans , Lavery Gareth G. , Barrès Romain , Larsen Steen , Prats Clara , Jessen Niels , Treebak Jonas T. 
Published: November 2019

Key points
This is the first long‐term human clinical trial to report on effects of nicotinamide riboside (NR) on skeletal muscle mitochondrial function, content and morphology.
NR supplementation decreases nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) protein abundance in skeletal muscle.
NR supplementation does not affect NAD metabolite concentrations in skeletal muscle.
Respiration, distribution and quantity of muscle mitochondria are unaffected by NR.
NAMPT in skeletal muscle correlates positively with oxidative phosphorylation Complex I, sirtuin 3 and succinate dehydrogenase.
AbstractPreclinical evidence suggests that the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursor nicotinamide riboside (NR) boosts NAD+ levels and improves diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. We aimed to determine if dietary NR supplementation in middle‐aged, obese, insulin‐resistant men affects mitochondrial respiration, content and morphology in skeletal muscle. In a randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trial, 40 participants received 1000 mg NR or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. Skeletal muscle biopsies were collected before and after the intervention. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity was determined by high‐resolution respirometry on single muscle fibres. Protein abundance and mRNA expression were measured by Western blot and quantitative PCR analyses, respectively, and in a subset of the participants (placebo n = 8; NR n = 8) we quantified mitochondrial fractional area and mitochondrial morphology by laser scanning confocal microscopy. Protein levels of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), an essential NAD+ biosynthetic enzyme in skeletal muscle, decreased by 14% with NR. However, steady‐state NAD+ levels as well as gene expression and protein abundance of other NAD+ biosynthetic enzymes remained unchanged. Neither respiratory capacity of skeletal muscle mitochondria nor abundance of mitochondrial associated proteins were affected by NR. Moreover, no changes in mitochondrial fractional area or network morphology were observed. Our data do not support the hypothesis that dietary NR supplementation has significant impact on skeletal muscle mitochondria in obese and insulin‐resistant men. Future studies on the effects of NR on human skeletal muscle may include both sexes and potentially provide comparisons between young and older people.
Uncertainty Quantification Analysis of a Pressurized Fuel Cell Hybrid System
Authors: Cuneo Alessandra , Giugno Andrea , Mantelli Luca , Traverso Alberto 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Pressurized solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems are a sustainable opportunity for improvement over conventional systems, featuring high electric efficiency, potential for cogeneration applications, and low carbon emissions. Such systems are usually analyzed in deterministic conditions. However, it is widely demonstrated that such systems are affected significantly by uncertainties, both in component performance and operating parameters. This paper aims to study the propagation of uncertainties related both to the fuel cell (ohmic losses, anode ejector diameter, and fuel gas composition) and the gas turbine cycle characteristics (compressor and turbine efficiencies, recuperator pressure losses). The analysis is carried out on an innovative hybrid system layout, where a turbocharger is used to pressurize the fuel cell, promising better cost effectiveness then a microturbine-based hybrid system, at small scales. Due to plant complexity and high computational effort required by uncertainty quantification methodologies, a response surface (RS) is created. To evaluate the impact of the aforementioned uncertainties on the relevant system outputs, such as overall efficiency and net electrical power, the Monte Carlo method is applied to the RS. Particular attention is focused on the impact of uncertainties on the opening of the turbocharger wastegate valve, which is aimed at satisfying the fuel cell constraints at each operating condition.
Changes in alcohol consumption after treatment for depression: a secondary analysis of the Swedish randomised controlled study REGASSA
Authors: Strid Catharina , Hallgren Mats , Forsell Yvonne , Kraepelien Martin , Öjehagen Agneta 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesMental health problems and hazardous alcohol consumption often co-exist. Hazardous drinking could have a negative impact on different aspects of health and also negatively influence the effect of mental health treatment. The aims of this study were to examine if alcohol consumption patterns changed after treatment for depression and if the changes differed by treatment arm and patient sex.MethodsThis study of 540 participants was conducted in a large randomised controlled trial (RCT) that aimed to compare the effect of internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy, physical exercise and treatment as usual on 945 participants with mild-to-moderate depression. Treatment lasted for 12 weeks; alcohol consumption (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT)) and depression (Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)) were assessed at baseline and 12-month follow-up. Changes in alcohol consumption were examined in relation to depression severity, treatment arm and patient sex.ResultsThe AUDIT distribution for the entire group remained unchanged after treatment for depression. Hazardous drinkers exhibit decreases in AUDIT scores, although they remained hazardous drinkers according to the cut-off scores. Hazardous drinkers experienced similar improvements in symptoms of depression compared with non-hazardous drinkers, and there was no significant relation between changes in AUDIT score and changes in depression. No differences between treatment arm and patient sex were found.ConclusionThe alcohol consumption did not change, despite treatment effects on depression. Patients with depression should be screened for hazardous drinking habits and offered evidence-based treatment for hazardous alcohol use where this is indicated.Trial registration numberDRKS00008745.
Association of the frequency of spicy food intake and the risk of abdominal obesity in rural Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yang Kaili , Li Yuqian , Xue Yuan , Wang Ling , Liu Xiaotian , Tu Runqi , Dong Xiaokang , Mao Zhenxing , Li Wenjie , Wang Chongjian 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesRecent data relating to the association between spicy food intake frequency and abdominal obesity are limited, especially in low-income areas. Therefore, the study explored the relationship between spicy food intake frequency and abdominal obesity, and assessed the role of energy intake as a mediator of these associations in a rural Chinese adult population.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingRural Chinese adult population.ParticipantsSubjects from Henan Rural Cohort Study (n=28 773).Primary outcome measuresThe effects of spicy food intake frequency on abdominal obesity were analysed by restricted cubic spline and logistic regression, and the mediation effect was analysed using the bootstrap method.ResultsThe adjusted percentages of abdominal obesity were 47.32%, 51.93%, 50.66% and 50.29% in the spicy food intake subgroups of never, 1–2 day/week, 3–5 day/week and 6–7 day/week, respectively. An inverse U-shaped association was found between spicy food intake frequency and abdominal obesity (p<0.01). Compared with subjects who never consumed spicy food, the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) in the 1–2 day/week, 3–5 day/week and 6–7 day/week subgroups were 1.186 (1.093, 1.287), 1.127 (1.038, 1.224) and 1.104 (1.044, 1.169), respectively. Furthermore, the increased odd of abdominal obesity related to more frequent spicy food intake was mediated by higher fat energy intake; the direct and indirect effects were 1.107 (1.053, 1.164) and 1.007 (1.003, 1.012), respectively.ConclusionsThe data indicated that spicy food intake increased the risk of abdominal obesity, and fat energy intake may be a mediator of this association in rural Chinese populations. Clarifying the mechanisms will facilitate the development of novel preventive and therapeutic approaches for abdominal obesity.Trial registration numberChiCTR-OOC-15006699
Association of microalbuminuria and high–normal 24-hour urinary albumin excretion with metabolic syndrome and its components in the general Chinese population: cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Jianwei , Ma Jixiang , Chen Xiaorong , Yan Liuxia , Cai Xiaoning , Guo Xiaolei , Zhang Yongqing , Wu Jing 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveMicroalbuminuria (MAU) has been described as a risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the association between MetS components with MAU and 24-hour urinary albumin excretion (UAE) has not been clearly explained in the general Chinese population. We aimed to analyse the associations between MAU and high–normal 24-hour UAE with MetS and its components.DesignCross-sectional observational study.SettingFour selected counties/districts in China’s Shandong and Jiangsu Provinces.ParticipantsA total of 2261 participants aged 18–69 years were included in this study. Participants with missing physical examination data or incomplete urine collection were not included in the analysis.ResultsThe prevalence of MAU was 9%, and the mean 24-hour UAE was 18 mg/d. The prevalence of MAU was significantly higher for the MetS, high blood pressure (BP), high triglyceride (TG) levels, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and hyperglycaemia groups but not for the central obesity group. Both MAU and mean 24-hour UAE were significantly increased in association with a number of MetS components. The adjusted prevalence OR (POR) for MetS with MAU was 2.95 (95% CI 2.15 to 4.04) compared with those without MAU. MAU was significantly associated with three components of MetS: high BP (POR=1.86, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.64), high TG levels (POR=1.80, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.46) and hyperglycaemia (POR=1.84, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.53). No significant association between MAU and central obesity or low HDL-C was found. The presence of MetS gradually increased according to the normal-range 24-hour UAE quartiles: POR=1.00, POR=1.22, POR=1.14 and POR=2.02, respectively. Hyperglycaemia also increased significantly according to the normal-range 24-hour UAE quartiles.ConclusionsMAU and elevated 24-hour UAE within the normal range were closely associated with MetS in the Chinese population, which may provide a basis for the development of early interventions to decrease the effects of MetS.
Transitioning from sickness absence to disability pension—the impact of poor health behaviours: a prospective Swedish twin cohort study
Authors: Helgadóttir Björg , Mather Lisa , Narusyte Jurgita , Ropponen Annina , Blom Victoria , Svedberg Pia 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTo investigate the association between three poor health behaviours (current smoker, high consumption of alcohol and low physical activity levels) and the transition to disability pension (DP) among individuals who have recently been sickness absent. Furthermore, we aimed to explore whether having multiple poor health behaviours increased the risk of transitioning from sickness absence (SA) to DP.DesignProspective twin cohort study.SettingSweden.ParticipantsTwins aged 20–46 who had participated in a survey and been on SA (>14 days) in the year preceding baseline (date of answering the questionnaire).Main outcome measureIncident DP during the follow-up which ended on 31 December 2012 (mean 5.2 years). A national register with full coverage provided data on DP.ResultsThe Cox proportional-hazards regression analyses showed that current smokers had a higher risk of transitioning from SA to DP compared with never smokers (HR 1.76; 95% CI 1.08 to 2.84). Alcohol use and lack of physical activity as well as poor health behaviour sum score showed no significant associations.ConclusionsBeing a current smoker influences the transition from SA to DP. Although non-significant, there were indications that more physical activity and fewer poor health behaviours could reduce the risk of exiting the labour market through DP. Improving health behaviours among people on SA could be a valuable tool for preventing the transition to DP.
Prehospital and in-hospital delays to care and associated factors in patients with STEMI: an observational study in 101 non-PCI hospitals in China
Authors: Feng Lin , Li Min , Xie Wuxiang , Zhang Aihua , Lei Licheng , Li Xian , Gao R , Wu Yangfeng 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTo describe the prehospital and in-hospital delays to care and factors associated with the delays among patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in non-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) hospitals in China.Design, setting and participantsWe analysed data from a large registry-based quality of care improvement trial conducted from 2011 to 2014 among 101 non-PCI hospitals in China. A total of 7312 patients with STEMI were included. Prehospital delay was defined as time from symptom onset to hospital arrival >120 min, first ECG delay as time from arrival to first ECG >10 min, thrombolytic therapy delay as time from first ECG to thrombolytic therapy >10 min and in-hospital delay as time from arrival to thrombolytic therapy >30 min. Logistic regressions with generalised estimating equations were preformed to identify the factors associated with each delay.ResultsThe rates of prehospital delay, first ECG delay, thrombolytic therapy delay and in-hospital delay were 67.1%, 31.4%, 85.8% and 67.8%, respectively. Patients who were female, older than 65 years old, illiterate, farmers, onset during late night and forenoon, had heart rate ≥100 beats/m at admission were more likely and patients who had history of myocardial infarction, hypertension or SBP <90 mm Hg at admission were less likely to have prehospital delay. First ECG delay was more likely to take place in patients arriving on regular hours. Thrombolytic therapy delay rate was lower in patients who had prehospital delay or first ECG delay but higher in those with heart rate ≥100 beats/m at admission. In-hospital delay rate was lower in patients with a history of dyslipidaemia and those who arrived during regular hours.ConclusionChinese patients with STEMI in low medical resource areas suffered severe prehospital and in-hospital delays to care. Future efforts should be made to improve the prehospital delay among vulnerable populations with low socioeconomic status.Trial registration numberNCT01398228; Post-results.
Correlation between biomarkers of pain in saliva and PAINAD scale in elderly people with cognitive impairment and inability to communicate: descriptive study protocol
Authors: Cantón-Habas Vanesa , Carrera-González María del Pilar , Moreno-Casbas María Teresa , Quesada-Gómez José Manuel , Rich-Ruiz Manuel 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionPain is an under-diagnosed problem in elderly people, especially in those with cognitive impairment who are unable to verbalise their pain. Although the Pain assessment in advanced dementia scale (PAINAD) scale is a tool recognised for its clinical interest in this type of patients, its correlation with the saliva biomarkers reinforced its utility. The aim of this research will be to correlate the scores of this scale with the levels of biomarkers of pain found in saliva samples of patients with cognitive impairment and inability to communicate.Methods and analysisThis is an observational study. The level of pain will be evaluated using the PAINAD scale. Moreover, pain biomarkers, in particular secretory IgA and soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor type II, will be determined in saliva. Both assessments will be conducted in 75 patients aged over 65 years with advanced cognitive impairment and inability to communicate. The PAINAD scores will be correlated with the levels of these biomarkers of pain. A control group consisting of 75 healthy subjects aged over 65 years will be included in the study. Moreover, sociodemographic variables and variables related to pain, dementia and other clinical conditions will be recorded. The analysis will be performed with the statistical package SPSS V.22 and the software R.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been reviewed and approved by the Andalusian Human Research Ethics Committee. In addition, this study has been financed by the Junta de Andalucía through a regional health research fund (Research code: PI-0357–2017). The results will be actively disseminated trough a high-impact journal in our study area, conference presentations and social media.
Vacuum stability of asymptotically safe two Higgs doublet models
Authors: Schuh Peter 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We study different types of Two Higgs Doublet Models (2HDMs) under the assumption that all quartic couplings’ beta functions vanish simultaneously at the Planck scale. The Standard Model seems to display this property almost accidentally, because the Higgs boson mass is close to 125 GeV. This also ties closely into the question of whether the theory is stable or metastable. We investigate if such “fixed points” can exist in various $${\mathbb {Z}}_2$$Z2-symmetric 2HDM subclasses, and if the theories that meet these conditions are phenomenologically viable, as well as vacuum stable. We find that the fixed point condition drastically reduces the parameter space of 2HDM theories, but can be met. Fixed points can only exist in type II and type Y models, in regions of large tan$$\beta $$β, and they are only compatible with all existing experimental bounds if the $${\mathbb {Z}}_2$$Z2-symmetry is at least softly broken, with a soft breaking parameter of at least $$M_{12}>$$M12> 70 GeV (380 GeV) for type Y (type II) models. The allowed region falls into the alignment limit, with the mixing angle combination $$|\alpha - \beta | \approx \frac{\pi }{2}$$|α-β|≈π2. While there are both vacuum-stable and vacuum-unstable solutions, only the vacuum-unstable ones really agree with Standard-Model-like CP-even Higgs boson mass values of 125 GeV. The vacuum-stable solutions favour slightly higher values. While scenarios of asymptotically safe 2HDM exist, they cannot improve over the Standard Model regarding the question of vacuum stability.