bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening varices in patients with HBV‐related cirrhosis on antiviral therapy: Platelet alone or together with LSM
Authors: Wang Bingqiong , Zhou Jialing , Wu Xiaoning , Sun Yameng , Li Lei , Li Ping , Li Minghui , Jiang Wei , Xu Mingyi , Feng Bo , Xu Xiaoyuan , Cheng Jilin , Xie Wen , Han Tao , Wang Xiaozhong , Li Hai , Piao Hongxin , Wu Shanshan , Shi Yiwen , Chen Shuyan , Kong Yuanyuan , Ma Hong , Ou Xiaojuan , Jia Jidong , You Hong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground & AimsNon‐invasive assessment criteria to rule out high‐risk varices (HRV) in compensated hepatitis B virus (HBV) cirrhosis on antiviral therapy remains unclear.MethodsHBV‐related compensated cirrhotic patients who underwent screening endoscopy during antiviral therapy were enrolled and randomly divided into the derivation and validation sets. HRV were defined as medium to large varices or small varices with red signs. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis were used to determine the parameters associated with HRV.ResultsA total of 436 HBV‐related compensated cirrhotic patients screened for varices were enrolled, the median duration of antiviral therapy was 4 years (IQR: 2.5‐5.5 years). In the derivation set (N = 290, 17.2% with HRV), only platelet (PLT) count (OR = 0.972, 95% CI 0.961‐0.984, P < .05) was independently associated with HRV, whereas liver stiffness measurement was not associated with the presence of HRV. With a PLT count cut‐off value of 105 × 109/L, unnecessary endoscopies could be spared in 56.9% patients, with a 3.6%. risk of missing HRV. In the validation cohort (N = 146, 16.4% with HRV), the proportion of patients that could safely spare endoscopies (61.0%) identified by this PLT count cut‐off value was higher than that obtained by using Baveno VI criteria (34.9%), with an acceptable risk of missing HRV (3.4%).ConclusionCompared with the ‘Baveno VI criteria or beyond’ criteria, PLT count higher than 105 × 109/L could safely spare more screening endoscopies without increasing the risk of missing HRV in patients with HBV‐related compensated cirrhosis on antiviral therapy.
Skin manifestations during the COVID‐19 pandemic in the pediatric emergency department
Authors: Oliva Rodríguez‐Pastor Silvia , Martín Pedraz Laura , Carazo Gallego Begoña , Galindo Zavala Rocío , Lozano Sánchez Gema , de Toro Peinado Inmaculada , Rodriguez Benjumea Margarita , Mejias Asuncion , Núñez Cuadros Esmeralda 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe role of SARS‐CoV‐2 as the cause of chilblains in children remains a matter of debate but it is important to elucidate it for patient isolation and contact tracing. We sought to define the etiology, clinical presentation, time course, and outcomes of children presenting to the emergency department (ED) with cutaneous manifestations shortly after the first pandemic peak of COVID‐19 in Spain.MethodsA prospective, observational study in children <15 years of age evaluated for skin lesions in the EDs of three pediatric hospitals. Children underwent a comprehensive work‐up including tests for SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and serology and PCR tests for other viruses and bacteria. A 1 month follow‐up visit was conducted.ResultsFrom April 14 through May 8, 2020, we enrolled 62 children. Of those, 34 had acro‐ischemic skin lesions and 28 had a variety of skin rashes. Overall, 40% of children had mild systemic symptoms. Children with chilblains were older, had pain more frequently and a more prolonged duration of skin lesions, while those with non‐specific rashes had fever more frequently. Lesions were resolved in 75% of children at follow up. Five patients demonstrated SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies, and none tested positive with PCR. Three additional patients tested positive with PCR for rhinovirus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae.ConclusionsThe number of ED visits for chilblains, which are rare in pediatrics, was high soon after the first peak of COVID‐19 in Spain. The disease course was self‐limited, outcomes were favorable, and the possibility of viral transmission was negligible as all patients tested negative for SARS‐CoV‐2 by PCR.
Associations between the infant and young child feeding index and nutritional status
Authors: Thaweekul Patcharapa , Sinlapamongkolkul Phakatip , Tonglim Jutamat , Sritipsukho Paskorn 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe infant and child feeding index (ICFI) is a single summary World Health Organization influenced index to assess feeding quality in infants and young children aged 6–36 months. This study aimed to demonstrate any associations between ICFI and nutritional status in a single Thai center.MethodsThe demographic data and feeding practices of healthy infants and children aged 6–36 months were collected from questionnaires given to 304 parents/caregivers; anthropometric measurements were taken. Associations between ICFI and weight‐for‐age Z scores (WAZ), length/height for age Z scores (LAZ/HAZ), weight‐for‐length/height Z scores (WLZ/WHZ), and body mass index‐for‐age Z scores (BAZ) were examined.ResultsThe mean ICFI was 6.14 ± 1.63 and was lowest in the 6–8 months age group. Breastfed infants had significantly higher ICFI scores than those not breastfed. Factors influencing ICFI were infant age and milk volume intake. The ICFI was negatively associated with WAZ, WLZ/WHZ, and BAZ (β = −0.13, P = 0.037; β = −0.17, p = 0.01; β = −0.15, P = 0.026, respectively). Breastfeeding was also negatively associated with WAZ, LAZ/HAZ, WLZ/WHZ, and BAZ.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated a negative association between the ICFI and nutritional status. Breastfeeding may have obscured some positive effects from appropriate feeding practices, while dairy consumption may have hidden negative outcome from inappropriate ones. Despite the ICFI appearing to reflect infant and young child feeding behaviors, using the ICFI alone may not accurately reveal nutritional status.
Is stressor‐evoked cardiovascular reactivity a pathway linking positive and negative emotionality to preclinical cardiovascular disease risk?
Authors: DuPont Caitlin M. , Wright Aidan G. C. , Manuck Stephen B. , Muldoon Matthew F. , Jennings J. Richard , Gianaros Peter J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractStressor‐evoked cardiovascular reactivity, trait positive emotionality, and negative emotionality are all associated with cardiovascular disease. It is unknown, however, whether cardiovascular reactivity may constitute a pathway by which trait positive or negative emotionality relates to disease risk. Accordingly, this study modeled the cross‐sectional relationships between trait positive and negative emotionality, stressor‐evoked cardiovascular reactivity, and severity of a subclinical vascular marker of cardiovascular risk, carotid artery intima‐media thickness (CA‐IMT). The sample consisted of healthy, midlife adults free from clinical cardiovascular disease (N = 286; ages 30–54; 50% female). Trait positive and negative emotionality were measured by three questionnaires. Heart rate and blood pressure reactivity were assessed across three stressor tasks. CA‐IMT was assessed by ultrasonography. Latent factors of positive and negative emotionality, blood pressure reactivity, heart rate reactivity, and CA‐IMT were created using structural equation modeling. Greater negative emotionality was marginally associated with more CA‐IMT (β = .21; p = .049), but lower blood pressure reactivity (β = −.19; p = .03). However, heightened blood pressure (β = .21; p = .03), but not heart rate reactivity (β = −.05; p = .75), associated with greater CA‐IMT. Positive emotionality was uncorrelated with cardiovascular reactivity (blood pressure: β = −.04; p = .61; heart rate: β = .16; p = .11) and CA‐IMT (β = .16; p = .07). Although trait negative emotionality associates with a known marker of cardiovascular disease risk, independent of positive emotionality, it is unlikely to occur via a stressor‐evoked cardiovascular reactivity pathway.
Children explain in‐ and out‐group behavior differently
Authors: Essa Francine , Weinsdörfer Anika , Shilo Reut , Diesendruck Gil , Rakoczy Hannes 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAdults manifest a number of attributional biases in explaining the behavior of in‐ versus out‐group members. The present study investigated the developmental origins of such biased explanation. Children from majority and minority populations in Israel, and from majority populations in Germany (N = 165), were asked to explain the behavior of in‐ and out‐group members. Across ages and groups, children more often referred to group membership when explaining an out‐group as compared to an in‐group member’s behavior; and more often to individual factors when explaining an in‐group as compared to an out‐group member’s behavior. These findings are consistent with the early emergence of fundamental differences in the conceptualizations of in‐ and out‐group members.
Distance‐based measurement determines the coexistence of B protein hetero‐ and homodimers in lily tepal and stamen tetrameric complexes
Authors: Mao Wan‐Ting , Hsu Wei‐Han , Li Jen‐Ying , Yang Chang‐Hsien 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThe floral quartet model proposes that plant MADS box proteins function as higher order tetrameric complexes. However, in planta evidence for MADS box tetramers remains scarce. Here, we applied a strategy using in vivo fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based on the distance change and distance symmetry of stable tetrameric complexes in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) leaf cells to improve the accuracy of the estimation of heterotetrameric complex formation. This measuring system precisely verified the stable state of Arabidopsis petal (AP3/PI/SEP3/AP1) and stamen (AP3/PI/SEP3/AG) complexes and showed that the lily (Lilium longiflorum) PI co‐orthologs LMADS8 and LMADS9 likely formed heterotetrameric petal complexes with Arabidopsis AP3/SEP3/AP1, which rescued petal defects of pi mutants. However, L8/L9 did not form heterotetrameric stamen complexes with Arabidopsis AP3/SEP3/AG to rescue the stamen defects of the pi mutants. Importantly, this system was applied successfully to find complicated tepal and stamen heterotetrameric complexes in lily. We found that heterodimers of B function AP3/PI orthologs (L1/L8) likely coexist with the homodimers of PI orthologs (L8/L8, L9/L9) to form five (two most stable and three stable) tepal‐ and four (one most stable and three stable) stamen‐related heterotetrameric complexes with A/E and C/E function proteins in lily. Among these combinations, L1 preferentially interacted with L8 to form the most stable heterotetrameric complexes, and the importance of the L8/L8 and L9/L9 homodimers in tepal/stamen formation in lily likely decreased to a minor part during evolution. The system provides substantial improvements for successfully estimating the existence of unknown tetrameric complexes in plants.
Prenatal selection of cord blood donors according to the estimated fetal weight percentile and new approaches; results of a prospective cohort study
Authors: Xinxin Lin , Crovetto Francesca , González Alba , Cuadras Daniel , Sanchez Mar , Azqueta Carmen , Farssac Elisenda , Torrabadella Marta , Querol Sergio , Gomez‐Roig Maria Dolores 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundUmbilical cord blood (UCB) donation is becoming inefficient and we recently proposed the estimated fetal weight percentile (EFWp) ≥60th as a predictor for a prenatal selection of donors. The aim of this study is to prospectively validate this and to identify new potential prenatal predictive parameters.Study Design and MethodsProspective cohort study of low‐risk pregnancies undergoing third trimester ultrasound, whose UCB was collected at delivery (2016‐2018) and compared with a historical cohort (2013‐2016, N = 869). Several ultrasound parameters (EFWp, amniotic fluid, Doppler evaluation, placental thickness) were assessed ultrasound and perinatal data were collected. The association with standard of high quality of UCB was assessed by logistic regression analysis.ResultsAmong 297 cases, 161 (54%) were selected according to the EFWp ≥60th for UCB units' collection. Cellular criteria for banking was achieved in 27 cases (16.8%), with an average increase of 1.7 times compared to the historical cohort (9.8%, P = .009). Selecting donors according to the 60th EFWp resulted in a higher probability of collecting clinical suitable UCB (P = .025). Among prenatal and perinatal parameters, EFWp, amniotic fluid, umbilical vein (UV) velocity, newborn weight and percentile and placental weight were significantly associated with a higher cellular content. At logistic regression analysis, significant contributors of UCB collection, were EFWp at 37‐38 weeks ultrasound (OR 1.04; 95% CI: 1‐1.08; P = .042) and UV velocity (OR 1.14; 95% CI: 1‐1.29; P = .037).ConclusionThe evaluation of the EFWp equal or above 60 and the increased UV velocity can result in higher efficiency of public UCB donation programs.
Characterization of health issues in young first‐time blood donors
Authors: Hughes Jonathan A. , Bravo Marjorie D. , Townsend Mary , Kamel Hany 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesBlood donors, especially young donors, are considered a healthy segment of the population. We sought to identify medical issues that may warrant medical referral in young first‐time blood donors.Materials and methodsA retrospective cohort study was performed in first‐time donors ages 16–22 who presented in a system of nineteen regional United States blood centres over 10 years. Donor health attributes characterized include body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol and pre‐donation haemoglobin. Using standardized definitions, overweight and obese body mass, hypertension, elevated cholesterol and anaemia were identified and characterized in this donor population.ResultsAmong 825 041 young first‐time donors presenting between January 2009 and December 2018, with available measurements, 46·9% were either overweight or obese, 59·8% demonstrated high blood pressure (22·2% elevated blood pressure, 37·6% stage 1 or 2 hypertension), elevated cholesterol was identified among 6·3% of males and 8·8% of females, and anaemia was present in 3·5% of males and 5·2% of females. During the study period, all unfavourable health outcomes significantly increased in prevalence (P < 0·0001) when comparing 2009 vs. 2018 rates.ConclusionElevated weight and obesity are common in young first‐time allogeneic United States blood donors, with fewer donors having elevated total cholesterol or anaemia. Such medical issues may have significant importance for future health and well‐being as well as continued donor eligibility. Blood centres may be able to help support the identification and mitigation of important medical issues in donors and provide a public health benefit.
Assessing inpatient platelet ordering practice: evaluation of computer provider order entry overrides
Authors: O’Brien Kerry L. , Chen Yigu , Uhl Lynne 
Published: December 2020

Background and ObjectivesJudicious utilization of platelet products protects a limited resource and mitigates risks of transfusion. At many institutions, computer physician order entry systems provide prompts to guide transfusion decisions; many capture the indication for transfusion, and generate metadata when orders are dissonant with guidelines. We conducted a retrospective review to examine adherence to and overrides of hospital guidelines for platelet transfusion to identify opportunities for improved transfusion practice.Materials and methodsPhysician override reports (1/1/2018–3/31/2019) were examined and physician‐entered justification comments accompanying override orders were extracted, in addition to patient‐specific data (clinical service, age, sex, and pretransfusion platelet count). Two transfusion medicine physicians independently assessed comments in context of patient data and institutional guidelines and categorized as: indicated, protocol driven, or not indicated. Following adjudication, consensus was reached between the two reviewers. Override keyword frequencies were also determined.ResultsOver 15‐months, 1373 override orders were placed for 558 unique patients (25% of all adult inpatient platelet transfusions). haematology/oncology providers placed 573 (42%) override orders (261 unique patients), 46% of which were categorized as “not indicated”, based on consensus review. Overall, 470 (34%) override orders were categorized as “not indicated”. Examples of recurring key words included “bleeding/risk of bleeding”, “falling platelet count”, “platelet goal of XX”.ConclusionsA large percentage of override orders for platelet transfusions were determined to be “not indicated” and out of compliance with institutional guidelines. The metadata captured identified concerns regarding clinical transfusion practice and opportunities for revised indications (e.g. threshold for retinal haemorrhage).
Flow field investigation in a vortex settling basin using Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry and large eddy simulation
Authors: S. R. Nikou N. , Ziaei A. N. , Ansary H. , McDonough J. M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractVortex settling basin is an efficient continuous flushing system to remove the sediment in water and wastewater treatment plants. In the current study, computational fluid dynamics was implemented to study sophisticated flow field within the Vortex settling basin. The performance of 3‐D Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes turbulence models including standard k−ε and SST k−ω models and a large eddy simulation, Smagorinsky model, were assessed. The 3‐D velocity field was also measured using Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry. The effects of vortex generation on basin performance and flow properties in the VSB were analysed. Secondary currents were identified as important phenomena in settling and flushing of sediment particles through the bottom orifice. The experimental data were used to evaluate the accuracy of the calculated flow field. The results of the numerical simulation confirmed the superiority of the Smagorinsky model. This model satisfactorily simulated the water surface and the overall pattern of secondary currents in the VSB.
Retention strategies and barriers for millennial nurses: a scoping review protocol
Authors: McClain Ashley R. , Arnold Amber , Palokas Michelle , Christian Robin 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to explore the existing literature related to millennial nurse retention strategies and barriers; to examine and conceptually map the evidence; to extract any differences between nurse retention strategies and barriers for Generation Y and Generation Z; and to identify any gaps in the literature.

Introduction:
The millennial generation has become the largest group of nurses in the workforce and, as nursing leaders grow to understand their tendency to change employers frequently, it is important for organizations to identify and implement retention strategies and reduce retention barriers for this generation.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider studies that include registered nurses born between 1980 and 2000 with any level of educational preparation and in any setting or geographical location. The concept of this review is strategies and barriers for nurse retention.

Methods:
The review will be conducted in accordance with JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Studies written in English and published after 2010 will be included. The databases to be searched include MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Elsevier), Scopus (Elsevier), Ovid Healthstar (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), and PsycINFO (EBSCO). The search for unpublished studies will include MedNar (Mednar.com) and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (ProQuest). Eligible studies will undergo data extraction by two independent reviewers using a tool created by the authors. Along with a narrative summary, results will be presented in diagrammatic or tabular form in a manner that aligns with the review objective and questions.
Midwifery students’ perceptions and experiences of learning in clinical practice: a qualitative review protocol
Authors: Yang Zhihui , Li Xinxin , Lin Huanhuan , Chen Fanfan , Zhang Lili , Wang Ning 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This systematic review aims to investigate and synthesize qualitative evidence related to midwifery students’ perceptions and experiences of learning in clinical practice.

Introduction:
Midwifery students are required to develop strong competencies during pre-registration education for future practice. Clinical placements provide a good opportunity for students to build essential practice capacities. Understanding the perceptions and experiences of midwifery students in clinical practice helps develop effective midwifery clinical educational strategies. A qualitative systematic review is therefore proposed to improve midwifery clinical education.

Inclusion criteria:
This proposed review will consider qualitative studies that have explored midwifery students’ perceptions and experiences of learning in clinical practice in all degrees. The search will be limited to English-language published and unpublished studies to the present.

Methods:
This review will follow the JBI approach for qualitative systematic reviews. A three-stage search will be conducted to include published and unpublished literature. Databases to be searched include PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, American Nurses Association, Google Scholar, ProQuest Dissertation & Theses, and Index to Theses in Great Britain and Ireland. Identified studies will be screened for inclusion in the review by two independent reviewers. Any disagreements will be resolved through discussion. Data will be extracted using a standardized tool. Data synthesis will adhere to the meta-aggregative approach to categorize findings. The categories will be synthesized into a set of findings that can be used to inform midwifery education.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020208189
Ultrasonography relative to Cormack-Lehane in predicting difficult laryngoscopy: a systematic review of diagnostic test accuracy
Authors: Ferszt Peter , Hill Jeremy , Larson Sandra 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this review is to determine the diagnostic test accuracy of point-of-care ultrasound anterior soft tissue quantification techniques for predicting difficult laryngoscopy in relation to Cormack-Lehane scores.

Introduction:
Difficult airway management is a critical challenge for anesthesia providers, and a non-invasive test to confidently predict difficult airway is lacking. When difficult airway is not anticipated, the provider's management of the event deteriorates, resulting in significant morbidity or mortality. This systematic review of the diagnostic efficacy of newer ultrasound techniques has potential to advance difficult airway prediction and patient safety.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider adults 18 years and older presenting for elective surgery, who undergo a preoperative point-of-care ultrasound anterior soft tissue airway examination that is referenced to an intraoperative Cormack-Lehane airway examination, obtained using direct laryngoscopy under general anesthesia.

Methods:
Data sources will include Ovid MEDLINE, Trip Database, Embase, CINAHL Complete, Clinicaltrials.gov, Google Scholar, MedNar, Grey Literature Report, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Only studies published in English after the advent of the Cormack-Lehane reference test (1984) will be included. Studies will be critically appraised using a checklist for studies of diagnostic test accuracy. Details about the index tests, populations, study methods, and outcomes of significance to the review will be extracted. Where possible, sensitivity and specificity will be pooled in statistical bivariate meta-analysis. Diagnostic thresholds will be displayed on a paired forest plot or summary receiver operator characteristic curve, depending on the degree of variability.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020205974