bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Common and gender‐specific associations with cocaine use on gray matter volume: Data from the ENIGMA addiction working group
Authors: Rabin Rachel A. , Mackey Scott , Parvaz Muhammad A. , Cousijn Janna , Li Chiang‐shan , Pearlson Godfrey , Schmaal Lianne , Sinha Rajita , Stein Elliot , Veltman Dick , Thompson Paul M. , Conrod Patricia , Garavan Hugh , Alia‐Klein Nelly , Goldstein Rita Z. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGray matter volume (GMV) in frontal cortical and limbic regions is susceptible to cocaine‐associated reductions in cocaine‐dependent individuals (CD) and is negatively associated with duration of cocaine use. Gender differences in CD individuals have been reported clinically and in the context of neural responses to cue‐induced craving and stress reactivity. The variability of GMV in select brain areas between men and women (e.g., limbic regions) underscores the importance of exploring interaction effects between gender and cocaine dependence on brain structure. Therefore, voxel‐based morphometry data derived from the ENIGMA Addiction Consortium were used to investigate potential gender differences in GMV in CD individuals compared to matched controls (CTL). T1‐weighted MRI scans and clinical data were pooled from seven sites yielding 420 gender‐ and age‐matched participants: CD men (CDM, n = 140); CD women (CDW, n = 70); control men (CTLM, n = 140); and control women (CTLW, n = 70). Differences in GMV were assessed using a 2 × 2 ANCOVA, and voxelwise whole‐brain linear regressions were conducted to explore relationships between GMV and duration of cocaine use. All analyses were corrected for age, total intracranial volume, and site. Diagnostic differences were predominantly found in frontal regions (CD < CTL). Interestingly, gender × diagnosis interactions in the left anterior insula and left lingual gyrus were also documented, driven by differences in women (CDW < CTLW). Further, lower right hippocampal GMV was associated with greater cocaine duration in CDM. Given the importance of the anterior insula to interoception and the hippocampus to learning contextual associations, results may point to gender‐specific mechanisms in cocaine addiction.
Visual stimuli induce serotonin release in occipital cortex: A simultaneous positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Hansen Hanne Demant , Lindberg Ulrich , Ozenne Brice , Fisher Patrick MacDonald , Johansen Annette , Svarer Claus , Keller Sune Høgild , Hansen Adam Espe , Knudsen Gitte Moos 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEndogenous serotonin (5‐HT) release can be measured noninvasively using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in combination with certain serotonergic radiotracers. This allows us to investigate effects of pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions on brain 5‐HT levels in living humans. Here, we study the neural responses to a visual stimulus using simultaneous PET/MRI. In a cross‐over design, 11 healthy individuals were PET/MRI scanned with the 5‐HT1B receptor radioligand [11C]AZ10419369, which is sensitive to changes in endogenous 5‐HT. During the last part of the scan, participants either viewed autobiographical images with positive valence (n = 11) or kept their eyes closed (n = 7). The visual stimuli increased cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the occipital cortex, as measured with pseudo‐continuous arterial spin labeling. Simultaneously, we found decreased 5‐HT1B receptor binding in the occipital cortex (−3.6 ± 3.6%), indicating synaptic 5‐HT release. Using a linear regression model, we found that the change in 5‐HT1B receptor binding was significantly negatively associated with change in CBF in the occipital cortex (p = .004). For the first time, we here demonstrate how cerebral 5‐HT levels change in response to nonpharmacological stimuli in humans, as measured with PET. Our findings more directly support a link between 5‐HT signaling and visual processing and/or visual attention.
Predictive value of CD8/FOXP3 ratio combined with PD‐L1 expression for radiosensitivity in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx receiving definitive radiation therapy
Authors: Ono Takeharu , Azuma Koichi , Kawahara Akihiko , Kakuma Tatsuyuki , Sato Fumihiko , Akiba Jun , Tanaka Norimitsu , Abe Toshi , Chitose Shun‐ichi , Umeno Hirohito 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about immune‐related radiosensitivity in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx (SCC‐L) treated with radiation therapy (RT).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 91 patients with SCC‐L treated with RT or chemoradiation therapy and performed immunohistochemical examination to analyze PD‐L1 level on tumor cells, CD4+ tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), CD8+TIL, and FOXP3+TIL using pretreated biopsy specimens. The association between these immune‐related parameters and radiosensitivity was evaluated.ResultsMultivariate analyses showed that high CD8/FOXP3 ratio combined with negative PD‐L1 expression was an independent and significant favorable predictive factor for local control, compared with the other groups.ConclusionsWe showed that high CD8/FOXP3 ratio combined with negative PD‐L1 expression might be a useful biomarker of radiosensitivity in patients with SCC‐L receiving definitive RT. We propose that coassessment of CD8/FOXP3 ratio and PD‐L1 expression level in tumor cells can help predict potential radiosensitivity in patients with SCC‐L.
Patient reported outcomes in patients with head and neck cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiation with weekly versus bolus cisplatin
Authors: Arbab Mona , Chen Yu‐Hui , Criscitiello Shana , Glass Jason , Fugazzotto Jo Ann , Killoran Joseph H. , Hanna Glenn , Lorch Jochen , Haddad Robert I. , Margalit Danielle N. , Tishler Roy B. , Schoenfeld Jonathan D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatient Reported Outcome (PRO) data comparing bolus (B‐CP) with weekly (W‐CP) cisplatin concurrent with radiation are lacking.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study comparing PRO among 99 patients with head and neck radiation, 26% who received concurrent B‐CP and 73% treated with W‐CP.ResultsW‐CP patients had a higher Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) (P = .004). There were no differences in median cisplatin dose, PROs, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) dependence or hospitalization between arms. Patients with a greater decline in their self‐reported dysphagia score were more often PEG dependent at the end of radiation therapy (P = .03). There was also a trend toward PEG dependence with a higher maximum dysphagia score and greater change in aspiration score (P = .06). The maximum decline in white cell count and absolute neutrophil count were greater in the W‐CP group (P = .04, P = .01).ConclusionBoth B‐CP and W‐CP are well tolerated. PROs do not suggest a benefit to W‐CP.
Acute Hepatitis Is a Prominent Presentation of the Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Single‐Center Report
Authors: Cantor Amanda , Miller Jonathan , Zachariah Philip , DaSilva Bernardo , Margolis Kara , Martinez Mercedes 
Published: August 2020

Background and Aims
A newly recognized multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) has had a paradigm‐shifting effect on the perception of severe acute respiratory syndrome, coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) illness severity in children. We report the clinical and biochemical features of liver involvement, and the comorbidities that present with hepatitis, in a substantial cohort of patients.

Approach and Results
This is a retrospective cohort study of 44 patients with MIS‐C admitted at Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital of New York‐Presbyterian during April and May 2020. We evaluated the number of patients who developed hepatitis and examined both demographics and inflammatory laboratory values to ascertain those that were at higher risk for liver involvement and more severe disease. Hepatitis was present in 19 subjects (43%) and was associated with more severe disease. Persons with hepatitis had significantly higher rates of shock at presentation (21.1% vs. 0%; P = 0.008), greater respiratory support requirement (42.1% vs. 12%; P = 0.005), and longer hospitalization times (median, 7 [interquartile range {IQR}, 5, 10] vs. 4 days [IQR, 3.5, 6.5]; P < 0.05). Patients with hepatitis also had significantly higher levels of ferritin (706.9 vs. 334.2 mg/mL; P < 0.01), interleukin‐6 (233.9 vs. 174.7 pg/mL; P < 0.05), troponin (83.0 vs. 28.5 ng/L; P < 0.05), and B‐type natriuretic peptide (7,424.5 vs. 3,209.5 pg/mL; P < 0.05). The single patient with liver failure also developed multiorgan failure requiring vasopressors, hemodialysis, and mechanical ventilation. All patients were discharged, though >50% had persistent hepatitis up to 1 month after discharge.

Conclusions
Hepatitis is common in children with MIS‐C and is associated with a more severe presentation and persistent elevation of liver function tests in many. Despite the positive outcomes reported here, close follow‐up is warranted given the limited knowledge of the long‐term impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 on the liver.
An open trial of the RECONNECT exercise program for NSW Police Officers with posttraumatic stress disorder or psychological injury
Authors: Rosenbaum Simon , Stierli Michael , McCullagh Steven , Newby Jill , Ward Philip B. , Harvey Samuel , Steel Zachary 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivePosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psychological injuries are debilitating health problems facing police officers. There is increasing interest in the role of exercise as an intervention. We aimed to determine the preliminary effectiveness of the RECONNECT exercise program for NSW Police Officers experiencing PTSD or psychological injury.MethodsAn open trial was conducted between 2016 and 2017 across three NSW sites. RECONNECT consisted of twice weekly, supervised exercise sessions for three months. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, week 6 and week 12 (intervention completion) and included PTSD symptoms, depression, anxiety and stress, insomnia severity and alcohol use. Data were analysed using linear mixed models. Results: In total, n = 60 Officers were consecutively referred to the program (35% female, mean age 42.0 ± 8.9 years). The majority had a clinical diagnosis of PTSD (n = 48, 80%). A clinically significant reduction in PTSD (Cohen's d = 0.96), depression (d = 0.71), anxiety (d = 0.55) and stress (d = 0.69) symptoms was found from baseline to week 12. Drop‐out and lost to follow‐up was high. Higher baseline PTSD severity was associated with an increased likelihood to complete postintervention assessment.ConclusionsRECONNECT appears to be effective in reducing symptoms of PTSD. Exercise may be an effective component of PTSD treatment.
Reducing inequities among adult female migrants at higher risk for drowning in Australia: The value of swimming and water safety programs
Authors: Willcox‐Pidgeon Stacey M. , Franklin Richard C. , Devine Sue , Leggat Peter A. , Scarr Justin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIssue addressedDrowning is a global public health challenge with a need to ensure equity to drowning prevention information and interventions. In Australia, people born overseas are identified as being at greater risk of drowning. This paper presents findings from a community‐based qualitative evaluation of swimming and water safety (SWS) programs delivered to adults from migrant backgrounds in Sydney, Australia.MethodsA qualitative study was conducted in November‐December 2019 among 35 female participants of SWS programs targeted to adult migrants. While offered to all SWS program participants, no males took part in the study. Focus groups and interviews were recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed using a deductive approach. The domains of enquiry were guided by the health belief model and the theory of planned behaviour.ResultsStudy participants were ≥25 years, first generation and most had lived in Australia for ≥10 years. Most were nonswimmers and were fearful of water prior to the program. Key themes were: direct SWS program outcomes, health and well‐being; enablers and barriers to participation including: motivation, a program coordinator, fear and settlement priorities.ConclusionFindings suggest that in order to increase SWS participation among migrant communities, the broader determinants of health need to be considered. Culturally appropriate strategies are required to enable both men and women equal opportunities to access SWS programs.So whatSWS programs provide multiple benefits for adult migrants; however, the impact on reducing inequities is limited, with broader multi‐strategic health promotion approaches and policies required for inclusion and sustainability.
Physician workforce planning and allocation model using agent‐based modeling: A case study in Thailand
Authors: Thongsukdee Phanumas , Weerawat Waressara 
Published: August 2020

SummaryObjectiveTo address the physician workforce challenges in Thailand using Agent‐Based Modeling (ABM). Physician planning and allocating have been modeled with the life cycle framework starting from medical school intakes, residency training, and career retirement.MethodThis study proposes a systematic approach to physician planning and allocating which are modeled with a framework starting from medical school intakes, residency training, and career retirement.ResultsThe ABM can estimate physician levels for provincial government hospitals (OPS‐MOPH) and other sectors. The model can demonstrate any geographical imbalance issues at the provincial level under the existing rural recruitment program implementation. Based on the ABM simulation result, although person per physician ratios reached the target of 1800:1 at the national level in 2019, Bangkok is the only province that reached the target. For other provinces, the ratio of OPS‐MOPH is far from the target. It will need 10 more years to reach the target, and a geographical imbalance will still exist. A solution of modified rural recruitment program with the limitation of hometown jobs has been proposed to reduce the geographical imbalance. With the proposed modified rural recruitment program, the model predicts that all provinces will reach the target in 2036.
Effect of front air attack angles on heat transfer coefficient of the cross‐flow of four flat tube
Authors: Eleiwi Muhammad Asmail , Zainal Omar Adil , Tahseen Tahseen Ahmad , Mustafa Ahmed Waheed 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHeat transfer coefficients are studied experimentally for airflow over a four‐flat‐tube configuration with different inlet attack angles. The range of Re numbers was from 1668 to 3782. The heat fluxes are 13.2, 38.5, and 99.8 W/m2. In this paper, 45 samples of a flat tube with inlet airflow angles (30°, 45°, and 90°) are set up to investigate its thermal performance. The design of experimental approach was used to conduct the heat transfer parametric study by designing 45 experiments, analyzing the empirical model, and optimizing heat transfer. The response was modeled using a general factorial design model based on experimental data. From analysis of variance (ANOVA), we obtained significant coefficients by performing the 5% test of level of significance. The results indicated that both the Nu and Re numbers increase for all heat flux cases and these decrease with increasing the air attack. Also shown are that the Colburn j‐factor decreases with increase of air velocity. It was found that the ANOVA results are appropriate to the collected experimental data, as the R2 and R2‐adjusted statistics are found to be 92.61% and 90.97%, respectively, for Nu number. In a similar manner, for Colburn j‐factor, the R2 and R2‐adjusted statistic are 96.97% and 96.29%, respectively.
Influence of heat source on viscous dissipative hydromagnetic fluid flow in a permeable vertical channel subjected to time‐periodic boundary conditions
Authors: Gbadeyan J. A. , Bello F. A. J. , Adeosun A. T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUnsteady heat‐generating natural convective viscous dissipative fluid flow through a permeable steady‐periodic vertical channel in the presence of heat source is studied. The coupled partial differential governing equations of the problem are simplified to obtain second‐order nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The resulting differential equations are solved using differential transform method to obtain approximate solutions for the momentum and energy equations. The impacts of pertinent parameters, such as heat source/sink (), Prandtl number (), viscous heating (), suction/injection (S), and Strouhal number (), on the velocity and temperature distributions in the periodic regime are illustrated using graphs and discussed. From the computational results, it is observed that an increase in the values of heat source/sink parameter () in the presence of viscous dissipation has significant influence on the flow and heat transfer. This study provides useful information in handling and processing the extraction of crude‐oil‐based slurries.
Exploration of heat transfer effect in a magnetohydrodynamics flow of a micropolar fluid between a porous and a nonporous disk
Authors: Prusty K. K. , Sahoo S. N. , Mishra S. R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAn analysis is carried out for the flow characteristics of a conducting micropolar fluid. The fluid was passed in between two parallel disks of infinite radii. The novelty of the study is to consider one of the disks as porous and the other one as nonporous, and the external magnetic field is applied along the transverse direction of the flow. The flow phenomena for the polar fluid characterized by the magnetic effect in conjunction with the temperature equation reduce to a set of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations using the requisite transformations and nondimensionalization. An analytical approach such as the variation parameter method is employed to tackle the system efficiently. To emphasize the effect of various physical parameters contributing to the flow phenomena, that is, non‐zero tangential slip, Reynolds number, Prandtl number, magnetic parameter, and material parameter on the flow profiles of axial and radial velocities, the microrotation and temperature profiles are presented graphically. To validate the simulated results, a comparison with established results is made, and it is concluded that both are in good correlation.
LBM investigation of a Cu‐water nanofluid over various configurations of pipes in the mixed convection flow
Authors: Hosseini Abadshapoori Mehdi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIncreasing the heat capacity of heat exchangers is a crucial need for modern devices. The thermal conductivity of the usual fluids and the Nusselt (Nu) number of flows containing such fluids are two bottlenecks in the way of increasing heat delivery in the heat exchangers. For this reason, nanofluids have been introduced. The effect of utilizing a Cu‐water nanofluid as a coolant of two hot pipes in a square cavity is investigated numerically with a two‐component lattice Boltzmann method. The volume fraction of nanoparticles is assumed to be constant (0.03) while the Richardson (Ri) number varies from 0.02 to 20. Results show that the effectiveness of nanoparticles is better observed in the natural convection mode. However, sedimentation is also very probable at high Ri numbers, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of the nanoparticles. Configurations which produce a natural convection stream similar to the forced convection one as well as the configurations with high spacing and hence, low heat stream interactions, are the best choices for a uniform heat rate from the pipes.
Electrochemical Advances in Non‐Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Rhodes Zayn , Cabrera‐Pardo Jaime R. , Li Min , Minteer Shelley D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractElectrochemistry has made a significant impact on scientific discovery and industrial development throughout recent history. One of the most important contributions of the field, the battery, has provided much of the energy storage for this progress. Recently, redox flow batteries have emerged as a promising modern battery technology toward grid‐scale energy storage. Through the employment of non‐aqueous electrolytes and optimization of redox‐active organic molecules as catholyte and anolyte, these batteries have the potential to offer affordable, environmentally‐friendly energy storage without sacrificing desirable high energy densities and long cycling lifetimes. These developments are ongoing, and the associated computational tools have expanded the capabilities and scope of redox flow batteries and shown a path toward the eventual commercialization of this technology to continue to provide power to humanity into a bright future.
Bank deposits and Google searches in a crisis economy: Bayesian non‐linear evidence for Greece (2009–2015)
Authors: Konstantakis Konstantinos N. , Paraskeuopoulou Despoina , Michaelides Panayotis G. , Tsionas Efthymios G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDue to a variety of reasons, the Greek economy faced a severe crisis being a member of EMU. Nonetheless, the country's banking system experienced a dramatic outflow of deposits, in the period 2009–2015. The present paper attempts to shed light on the possibility of forecasting bank deposits, based on the keyword “Grexit” of Google searches. In this context, apart from standard forecasting models like AR (p) and ARDL (p, q) we estimate a novel Neural Network ARDL (p, q, G) model and its respective Bayesian modification. We show that extending standard autoregressive models with the information provided by Internet Searches leads to significant improvement in the forecasting accuracy of the Bank Deposits, compared with other standard models. Furthermore, the forecasting performance of the models, which are extended with Google searches, is shown to be better than models containing only the well‐known indicators. Our findings are robust and econometrically sound.
Are public spending determinants significant in per capita budget spending decisions in Nigeria?
Authors: Aladejare Samson Adeniyi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe motivation for this study had been to assess whether the established determinants of public spending decisions in Nigeria which are government revenue, the inflation rate, the exchange rate, the growth rate of real gross domestic product, and the international price of oil, do actually affect per capita budget spending as assumed by the fiscal authorities. However, evidence from the baseline symmetric and asymmetric auto‐regressive distributive lag regressions suggest otherwise. A further probe by adding population growth rate, and gross fixed capital formation to the baseline variables to have a robust regression, suggests that while gross fixed capital formation which measures for infrastructure development was insignificant, population growth rate was crucial for the instituted determinants to exert substantial effect on per capita spending. This outcome can be taken as evidence of why the budget on a yearly basis is being perceived by most citizens as an ineffective tool of fiscal policy. Since the fiscal authorities have continued to always assume that factors that play crucial role in formulating their spending decisions; are the same with those necessary in deciding the share of Nigerians in the budget; without due consideration for population growth. Hence, ridiculing whatever goal the budget is set out to achieve.
On the Italian public accounts' sustainability: A wavelet approach
Authors: Magazzino Cosimo , Forte Francesco , Giolli Lorenzo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper we analyse the relationship between public primary deficit and debt for Italian sustainability over the 1862–2013 years. Our empirical strategy uses the wavelet analysis. The evidence confirms the absence of fiscal sustainability in the long‐run for Italy, reinforcing the need for a rebalancing of the public accounts.