bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Étendre ses espaces d’agir dans la
sphère conjugale : la migration comme ressource
Authors: Mounchit Nadia 
Published: August 2020

Cadre de la recherche : S’inscrivant dans
une recherche interrogeant les effets de l’expérience migratoire sur les
parcours conjugaux, cet article s’intéresse aux modalités des réagencements
observés. Si la lecture des travaux existants amène au constat des répercussions
inégales du départ sur les rapports de genre (entre contraintes et espaces
d’autonomie, notamment pour les femmes), la question du « comment » des
transformations à l’œuvre reste encore à explorer (Catarino et Morokvasic,
2005).
Objectifs : En abordant l’espace conjugal
comme un lieu traversé par des rapports de pouvoir, il s’agit de voir comment la
situation migratoire intervient dans la formulation des règles de la vie
conjugale et de quelles manières elle forme une ressource à disposition des
individus dans le cadre des rapports de force conjugaux.
Méthodologie : Ce travail s’appuie sur
les résultats d’une recherche doctorale principalement basée sur la conduite de
quarante entretiens biographiques menés auprès de femmes émigrées d’Afrique de
l’Ouest et centrale résidant en France.
Résultats : Trois modes de mobilisation
de la situation migratoire, par les migrantes elles-mêmes ou par leur conjoint,
ont été mis au jour : la migration comme lieu d’un cadre normatif pourvoyeur
d’autres « règles du jeu » à faire valoir dans le couple et ses pratiques ;
comme lieu d’une dette administrative imposée à un(e) conjoint(e)
rejoignant(e) ; ou comme projet alternatif à une situation conjugale
insatisfaisante. Ces usages de la migration se cristallisent autour d’enjeux
d’autonomie.
Conclusions : La ressource migratoire se
voit sollicitée comme levier d’action pour modifier, concrètement, les formes de
la vie conjugale.
Contribution : Il est ici question de
mettre en relief les résonances de l’expérience migratoire dans l’espace
conjugal, invitant à la compter parmi les ressources mobilisables par les
individus.
Standardization and Nutrient Composition of Melon and Groundnut Soups as Consumed in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Bassey S. O. , Aburime L. C. , Ijokgwung G. E. , Onabe V. , Agiang M. A. 
Published: August 2020

Aim: The variability in the methods of preparing indigenous foods have led to uncertainty in the nutrient composition, sensory properties and quality of many foods consumed in Nigeria. This study is aimed at standardizing the different methods of preparing melon and groundnut soups and assessing their nutrient compositions as consumed in Cross River State (CRS), Nigeria.
Methodology: Melon (Citrullus vulgaris) and Groundnut (Arachis hypogea) seeds were purchased in Calabar, CRS, Nigeria in the month of February. Twelve Local Governments Areas (LGA) were randomly selected from the Eighteen LGAs in CRS. Focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted in each of the communities to determine common methods of cooking melon and groundnut soup and variations in recipes. Recipes collected during the FGD were standardized and prepared as described. Nutrient compositions were determined using standard laboratory methods. Data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The least significant difference (LSD) was accepted at P<0.05.
Results: All the soup samples were liked and accepted. For melon soup, method 1 and 2 had better rating and similar values for all the sensory parameters, although, method 1 had better general acceptability score. For groundnut soup, method 1 and 3 had better ratings and similar values for aroma, taste, colour, texture and general acceptability. The range for the proximate compositions were as follows; for melon soup, moisture 68.8- 70.9%; protein 10.1-11 %, fat 9.5-11.2%, ash 2.3-2.7%, dietary fibre 5.5-6%. For the groundnut soup, moisture ranged from 68.6-71.1%, protein 10.1-10.9%, fat 9.4-12.1%, ash 2.2-2.5%, dietary fibre 6-6.8%.
Conclusion: The standardized methods of preparing these soups will be useful in maintaining quality and quantity for easy reproducibility.
Effects of Different Levels of Phosphorous and Zinc Fertilizers on the Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Maize (Zea mays L.) on Luvisols in Northern Guinea Savannah Region of Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Maryam , Bello Abubakar 
Published: August 2020

The study aimed to determine the effects of different levels of phosphorous and zinc fertilizers on the yield and nutrient uptake of maize (Zea mays L.) The experiments were conducted in a factorial experiment under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) to determine the effect of P and Zn applications on TZL white composite improved variety of maize. Four levels of phosphorus (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg P ha-1) and three levels of zinc (0, 5 and 10kg Zn ha-1) were applied on experimental plots of 4.5m x 5m replicated thrice. The results shows no significant differences in both the years however, highest mean values of 2327.5 kg ha-1 and 2191.5 kg ha-1 was recorded at 20 kg P ha-1 and 10 kg Zn ha-1 Application of P and Zn at different rates increases their uptake in the stover with highest values of 22.57 mg -1 kg and 7.8 mg -1 kg in 2018 at 30 kg Pha-1 and 18.40 mg -1 kg and 5.21 mg -1 kg at 20 kg Pha-1 in 2019. While 26.54 mg -1 kg and 21.85 mg -1 kg in 2018 at 10 kg Znha-1 and 6.76 mg -1 kg and 5.27 mg -1 kg in 2019 with 0 kg Znha-1 respectively. It is therefore recommended the best results of the application of 30kg P ha-1 and 10 kg Zn ha -1 should be adopted for optimum yield of maize.
Knowledge of Dietary Supplements among Women in the Aseer Region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Rasheedi Mabrouk Al- , ALrajhi Maha , Alqahtani Saad S. , Ali Alreshidi Mateq , Alharbi Mohammad , Alharbi Nayef Samah , Alsuhaibani Somayah , Kardam Abdulaziz , Alhazmi Yasir 
Published: August 2020

Background: A significant growth in dietary supplement usage has occurred and this trend is particularly evident among females. This underlines the need to establish current knowledge levels among a female participant cohort based in the Aseer Region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), along with determining the types of products being used and the typical reasons cited for their consumption.
Methods: A total of 173 participants drawn from various age groups took part in this descriptive cross-sectional survey design. The survey was conducted over a three-month period from September to November 2019, using a structured online questionnaire.
Results: The results of this research show that dietary supplement usage was highly prevalent among study participants. Young females (18–24 years) demonstrated significantly higher knowledge levels as compared to all other age groups (p<0.001 vs. other participants).
Conclusion: This study has clearly shown that the participants in fact have a very varied range of knowledge, very often according to age, about the use of dietary supplements. 18–24-year-olds demonstrated higher levels of dietary supplement knowledge compared to the other age groups.
Long‐term experience of MPC across multiple TrueBeam linacs: MPC concordance with conventional QC and sensitivity to real‐world faults
Authors: Pearson Michael , Eaton David , Greener Tony 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMachine Performance Check (MPC) is an automated Quality Control (QC) tool that is integrated into the TrueBeam and Halcyon linear accelerators (Linacs), utilizing the imaging systems to verify the Linac beam and geometry. This work compares the concordance of daily MPC results with conventional QC tests over a 3‐year period for eight Linacs in order to assess the sensitivity of MPC in detecting faults.The MPC output measurements were compared with the monthly ionization chamber measurements for 6 and 10 MV photon beams and 6, 9, 12, 16, and 18 MeV electron beams. All 6 MV Beam and Geometry (6MVBG) MPC test failures were analyzed to determine the failure rate and the number of true and false negative results, using the conventional QC record as the reference. The concordance between conventional QC test failures and MPC test failures was investigated.The mean agreement across 1933 MPC output and monthly comparison chamber measurements for all beam energies was 0.2%, with 97.8% within 1.5%, and a maximum difference of 2.9%. Of the 5000–6000 MPC individual test parameter results for the 6MVBG test, the highest failure rate was BeamOutputChange (0.5%), then BeamCenterShift (0.3%), and was ≤ 0.1% for the remaining parameters. There were 50 true negative and 27 false negative out of tolerance MPC results, with false negatives resolved by repeating MPC or by independent measurement. The analysis of conventional QC failures demonstrated that MPC detected all failures, except occasions when MPC reported output within tolerance, a result of the MPC–chamber response variation.The variation in MPC output versus chamber measurement indicates MPC is appropriate for daily output constancy but not for the measurement of absolute output. The comparison of the 6MVBG results and conventional records provides evidence that MPC is a sensitive method of performing beam and mechanical checks in a clinical setting.
Imaging of dopamine transporters in Parkinson disease: a meta‐analysis of 18F/123I‐FP‐CIT studies
Authors: Kong Yanyan , Zhang Chencheng , Liu Kawai , Wagle Shukla Aparna , Sun Bomin , Guan Yihui 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjective18F‐FP‐CIT and 123I‐FP‐CIT are widely used radiotracers in molecular imaging for Parkinson’s disease (PD) diagnosis. Compared with 123I‐FP‐CIT, 18F‐FP‐CIT has superior tracer kinetics. We aimed to conduct a meta‐analysis to assess the efficacy of using 18F‐FP‐CIT positron emission tomography (PET) and 123I‐FP‐CIT single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of dopamine transporters in patients with PD in order to provide evidence for clinical decision‐making.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Embase, Wanfang Data, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases to identify the relevant studies from the time of inception of the databases to 30 April 2020. We identified six PET studies, including 779 patients with PD and 124 healthy controls, which met the inclusion criteria. Twenty‐seven SPECT studies with 1244 PD patients and 859 controls were also included in this meta‐analysis.ResultsOverall effect‐size analysis indicated that patients with PD showed significantly reduced 18F‐FP‐CIT uptake in three brain regions [caudate nucleus: standardized mean difference (SMD) = −1.71, Z = −3.31, P = 0.0009; anterior putamen: SMD = −3.71, Z = −6.26, P < 0.0001; and posterior putamen: SMD = −5.49, Z = −5.97, P < 0.0001]. Significant decreases of 123I‐FP‐CIT uptake were also observed in the caudate (SMD = −2.31, Z = −11.49, P < 0.0001) and putamen (SMD = −3.25, Z = −14.79, P < 0.0001).InterpretationIn conclusion, our findings indicate that both 18F‐FP‐CIT PET and 123I‐FP‐CIT SPECT imaging of dopamine transporters can provide viable biomarkers for early PD diagnosis.
Liquid Bandage Harvests Robust Adhesive, Hemostatic, and Antibacterial Performances as a First‐Aid Tissue Adhesive
Authors: Ma Yufei , Yao Jingxuan , Liu Qian , Han Ting , Zhao Jiping , Ma Xiaohua , Tong Yingmu , Jin Guorui , Qu Kai , Li Baoqiang , Xu Feng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMassive bleeding and wound infection after tissue trauma are the major dangerous factors of casualties in disasters; hence, first‐aid supplies that can greatly achieve wound closure and effectively control the hemorrhage and infection are urgently needed. Although existing tissue adhesives can adhere to the tissue surfaces and achieve rapid wound closure, most of them have limited hemostatic and antibacterial capacities, making them unsuitable as the first‐aid tissue adhesives. In this study, inspired by the inherent hemostatic and antibacterial capacities of chitosan and the excellent tissue integration capacity originating from a Schiff base reaction, liquid bandage (LBA), an in situ imine crosslinking‐based photoresponsive chitosan hydrogel (NB‐CMC/CMC hydrogel), is developed for emergency wound management. Upon UV irradiation, o‐nitrobenzene in modified carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) converts to o‐nitrosobenzaldehyde that subsequently crosslinks with amino groups on tissue surface, which endows the LBA with superior tissue adhesive performance. LBA's hemostatic and antibacterial properties can be tuned by the mass ratio of NB‐CMC/CMC. Moreover, it exhibits satisfactory biocompatibility, biodegradability, and the capability to enhance wound healing process. This study sheds new light on the development of a multifunctional hydrogel‐based first‐aid tissue adhesive that can achieve robust tissue adhesion, effectively control bleeding, prevent bacterial infection, and promote wound healing.
Synthesis of Leaf‐Vein‐Like g‐C3N4 with Tunable Band Structures and Charge Transfer Properties for Selective Photocatalytic H2O2 Evolution
Authors: Feng Chengyang , Tang Lin , Deng Yaocheng , Wang Jiajia , Luo Jun , Liu Yani , Ouyang Xilian , Yang Haoran , Yu Jiangfang , Wang Jingjing 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPhotocatalytic H2O2 evolution through two‐electron oxygen reduction has attracted wide attention as an environmentally friendly strategy compared with the traditional anthraquinone or electrocatalytic method. Herein, a biomimetic leaf‐vein‐like g‐C3N4 as an efficient photocatalyst for H2O2 evolution is reported, which owns tenable band structure, optimized charge transfer, and selective two‐electron O2 reduction. The mechanism for the regulation of band structure and charge transfer is well studied by combining experiments and theoretical calculations. The H2O2 yield of CN4 (287 µmol h−1) is about 3.3 times higher than that of pristine CN (87 µmol h−1), and the apparent quantum yield for H2O2 evolution over CN4 reaches 27.8% at 420 nm, which is much higher than that for many other current photocatalysts. This work not only provides a novel strategy for the design of photocatalyst with excellent H2O2 evolution efficiency, but also promotes deep understanding for the role of defect and doping sites on photocatalytic activity.
Scalable All‐Evaporation Fabrication of Efficient Light‐Emitting Diodes with Hybrid 2D–3D Perovskite Nanostructures
Authors: Fu Yu , Zhang Qianpeng , Zhang Daquan , Tang Yunqi , Shu Lei , Zhu Yiyi , Fan Zhiyong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractQuasi‐2D (Q2D) lead halide perovskites have emerged as promising materials for light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) due to their tunable emission, slowed‐down carrier diffusion, and improved stability. However, they are primarily fabricated through solution methods, which hinders its large‐scale manufacture and practical applications. Physical‐vapor‐deposition (PVD) methods have well demonstrated the capability for reproducible, scalable, and layer‐by‐layer fabrication of high quality organic/inorganic thin films. Herein, for the first time, the full‐evaporation fabrication of organic–inorganic hybrid ((BA)2Csn−1PbnBr3n+1) Q2D–3D PeLEDs is demonstrated. The morphology and crystal phase of the perovskite are controlled from 3D to 2D by modulating material composition, annealing temperature, and film thicknesses. The confinement of carriers in 3D layers and the energy funnel effect are discovered and discussed. Importantly, a record high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 5.3% based on evaporation method is achieved. Moreover, a centimeter‐scale PeLED (1.5 cm × 2 cm) is obtained. Furthermore, the T50 lifetime of the device with an initial brightness of 100 cd m−2 is found to be 90 min with a thin layer PMMA passivation, which is among the longest for all PVD processed PeLEDs. Overall, this work casts a solid stepping stone towards the fabrication of high‐performance PeLEDs on a large‐scale.
Mechanochromism of Structural‐Colored Materials
Authors: Chen Guojian , Hong Wei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractStructural colors widespread in nature have been theoretically in‐depth studied and manufactured through the artificial approaches such as self‐assembly and nanolithography thanks to the rapidly developing nanotechnology. Structural colors based on elastomers and hydrogels can be readily modulated upon mechanical stimuli, via adjusting the structural parameters such as interplanar spacing and diffractive angle. Recent breakthroughs in mechanochromic structural‐colored materials has not only enriched their varieties but also strengthened their competences remarkably. The emerging mechanoresponsive materials have been applied in various fields such as sensors, displays, anti‐counterfeiting, and healthcare. This review focuses on the recent progresses in mechanochromic structural‐colored materials with different architectures including photonic crystals, liquid crystals, and photonic glasses. A discussion on their structures and fabrications are presented, along with their merits and demerits by comparison. Special attention is given to the application potentials of these mechanochromic materials in diverse domains, followed by detailed discussion of their mechanism. Last but not least, the current challenges as well as the trends of structural‐colored mechanochromic materials are proposed.
Noble‐Metal‐Free Memristive Devices Based on IGZO for Neuromorphic Applications
Authors: Pereira Maria , Deuermeier Jonas , Nogueira Ricardo , Carvalho Patrícia Almeida , Martins Rodrigo , Fortunato Elvira , Kiazadeh Asal 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAmorphous indium‐gallium‐zinc‐oxide (a‐IGZO) based memristive devices with molybdenum contacts as both top and bottom electrodes are presented aiming to be used in neuromorphic applications. Devices down to 4 µm2 are fabricated using conventional photolithography processes, with an extraordinary yield of 100%. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy performed on the developed structures confirm the presence of a thin intermixed oxide layer (4–5 nm) containing Mo6+ oxidation state at the interface with the bottom contact. This results in Schottky diode‐like characteristics at the pristine state with a rectification ratio of 3 orders of magnitude. The devices have electroforming‐free and area‐dependent analog resistive switching properties. Temperature analysis of resistive switching I–V data reveals barrier height variations of the junction. Several synaptic functions, such as synaptic potentiation and depression as response to programmed pulses, short‐ to long‐term plasticity transition (STP to LTP) and “learning experience” properties are presented. The Mo/IGZO/Mo memristive device shows potential application of an electronic synapse for brain‐inspired computing application. Integration in System‐on‐Panel architectures is possible at negligible cost, because all materials are used in commercial IGZO thin‐film transistor fabrication.
Multifunctional Protein Nanowire Humidity Sensors for Green Wearable Electronics
Authors: Liu Xiaomeng , Fu Tianda , Ward Joy , Gao Hongyan , Yin Bing , Woodard Trevor , Lovley Derek R. , Yao Jun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSustainably produced biomaterials can greatly improve the biocompatibility of wearable sensor technologies while reducing the energy and environmental impacts of materials fabrication and disposal. An electronic sensor device in which the sensing element is a thin (≈2 µm) film of electrically conductive protein nanowires harvested from the microbe Geobacter sulfurreducens is developed. The sensor rapidly responds to changes in humidity with high selectivity and sensitivity. The sensor is integrated on a flexible substrate as a wearable device, enabling real‐time monitoring of physiological conditions such as respiration and skin hydration. Noncontact body tracking is demonstrated with an array of sensors that detect a humidity gradient at distance from the skin with high sensitivity. Humidity gradients induce directional charge transport in the protein nanowires films, enabling the production of a current signal without applying an external voltage bias for powerless sensing. These results demonstrate the considerable promise for developing protein nanowire‐based wearable sensor devices.
Designing Advanced Lithium‐Based Batteries for Low‐Temperature Conditions
Authors: Gupta Abhay , Manthiram Arumugam 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEnergy‐dense rechargeable batteries have enabled a multitude of applications in recent years. Moving forward, they are expected to see increasing deployment in performance‐critical areas such as electric vehicles, grid storage, space, defense, and subsea operations. While this at first glance spells great promise for conventional lithium‐ion batteries, all of these use‐cases, unfortunately, share periodic and recurring exposures to extremely low‐temperature conditions, a performance constraint where the lithium‐ion chemistry can fail to perform optimally. Next‐generation chemistries employing alternative anodes with increased solvent compatibility or altogether different operating mechanisms could present an avenue for overcoming many of the low‐temperature hurdles intrinsic to the lithium‐ion battery. In this article, a brief overview of the challenges in developing lithium‐ion batteries for low‐temperature use is provided, and then an array of nascent battery chemistries are introduced that may be intrinsically better suited for low‐temperature conditions moving forward. Specifically, the prospects of using lithium‐metal, lithium‐sulfur, and dual‐ion batteries for performance‐critical low‐temperature applications are evaluated. These three chemistries are presented as prototypical examples of how the conventional low‐temperature charge‐transfer resistances can be overcome. However, these three chemistries also present their own unique challenges at low temperatures, highlighting the balance between traditional low‐temperature electrolyte design and next‐generation approaches.
Corn and soybean response to wastewater‐recovered and other common phosphorus fertilizers
Authors: Ylagan Shane , Brye Kristofor R. , Greenlee Lauren 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRecycling P from wastewaters may provide a sustainable source of P that could also protect surface water quality from P enrichment. Struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) is a material that can be created from P‐containing wastewater and has been shown to have agricultural fertilizer value. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of electrochemically precipitated struvite (ECST), chemically precipitated struvite (Crystal Green, CG), diammonium phosphate (DAP), monoammonium phosphate (MAP), rock phosphate (RP), and triple superphosphate (TSP) on corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] response in a 79‐d greenhouse pot study. Soybean aboveground dry matter (DM) and yield were unaffected by fertilizer‐P treatments, but belowground, pod, and stem–plus–leaves tissue‐P concentrations differed among fertilizer treatments. Total corn DM from ECST did not differ from that from RP and TSP but was 1.2 times greater than that from CG. Belowground corn DM from ECST was 1.9 times greater than that from CG, TSP, and DAP. Corn belowground tissue P concentration from CG did not differ from that from DAP, TSP, and MAP, but was 1.4 times larger than that from ECST. Corn cob‐plus‐husk tissue P concentration from ECST was similar to that from MAP and DAP and was 1.2 times greater than that from CG. Results of this study not only provide information on the relatively new ECST material, but also substantiate the need for additional research on struvite as a potential alternative fertilizer‐P source and the potential impact on sustainable food production and water quality preservation.