bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnóstico matemático de la monitoría fetal con la Ley de Zipf-Mandelbrot y la teoría de los sistemas dinámicos aplicados a la fisiología cardiaca
Authors: Rodríguez Javier , Prieto Signed , Ortiz Liliana , Bautista Alejandro , Álvarez Luis , Correa Catalina , Avilán Nicolás 
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: desarrollar un diagnóstico matemático de la monitoría fetal a partir de la aplicación de la ley de Zipf-Mandelbrot y las concepciones de salud y enfermedad de los sistemas dinámicos a la aparición de Componentes Dinámicos del Sistema (CDS) en el trazado de la monitoría. Esta evaluación se hace calculando el grado de complejidad de la distribución de los CDS.Diseño: este estudio es de concordancia diagnóstica basado en una aplicación de la ley de los lenguajes naturales y de simplificaciones fisiológicas basadas en la teoría de sistemas dinámicos a la aparición de CDS de las frecuencias cardiacas fetales para construir una generalización diagnóstica.Materiales y métodos: se evaluaron 100 monitorías de mujeres gestantes divididas en dos grupos: grupo A, 50 gestantes con factores de riesgo, y grupo B, 50 sin factores de riesgo. Basados en simplificaciones dinámicas, prototipos seleccionados y en la aplicación de la ley de Zipf-Mandelbrot para caracterizar el grado de complejidad usando todos los CDS posibles, se realizaron comparaciones con el resto de las monitorías diferenciando salud de enfermedad.Resultados: la dinámica cardiaca de un feto sano tiene una autorganización matemática caracterizada por su grado de complejidad y la ausencia de CDS Invertidos Pronunciados (CDSiP) y la enfermedad es caracterizada por la pérdida de complejidad o la presencia de uno o más CDSiP, o la presencia de un CDS Invertido (CDSi) mayor o igual a 20x40 hasta 20x50 asociado a la aparición de otro CDSi mayor o igual de 20x50 o de la ausencia de CDS del grupo de 15 y/o de 20 latidos/minuto de altura, o combinaciones de las medidas diagnósticas. De acuerdo a las medidas obtenidas una de cada dos monitorías del grupo B y una de cada seis del grupo A tienen un diagnóstico equivocado según los parámetros clínicos convencionales.Conclusiones: la caracterización matemática de las monitorías permitió diferenciar salud de enfermedad de manera objetiva y reproducible en el desarrollo de un diagnóstico de aplicación clínica.
Más cerca de SciELO
Authors: Agudelo Carlos A. 
Published: April 2020

Es bien sabido que en el concierto mundial, los países de América Latina representan solo una pequeña parte de los investigadores y la inversión en ciencia y tecnología. Colombia, a su vez, representa en América Latina una parte aún más pequeña en estos mismos aspectos. América Latina y Colombia en particular no están bien representadas en el material publicado por las revistas científicas indexadas, de acuerdo con el potencial que tienen y lo que producen. Así, por ejemplo, la revista British Medical Journal (http://bmj.bmjjournals. com/advice/ms_breakdown.shtml) informa que recibió 5.751 artículos para publicación en el año 2000 y aceptó sólo el 12 % de los mismos. De América Central y del Sur se recibieron 27 artículos de los cuales fueron aceptados 2. Ninguno de estos provino de Colombia, que muestra una enorme debilidad aún frente a vecinos cuyo gasto en ciencia y tecnología es, en algunos casos, inferior. De lo anterior se deriva una consecuencia: América Latina y Colombia están mal representadas en los index internacionales.
Estudio piloto de prevalencia de infección por Chlamydia trachomatis detectada por PCR en mujeres con parto prematuro en el Instituto Materno Infantil de Bogotá
Authors: Ruiz Ariel Iván , Sanchez Ruth , Ostos Olga , Angel Edith , Bonilla Hernando , Cifuentes Carolina , Correa Constanza 
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de infección por C. trachomatis en mujeres con parto prematuro.Metodología: estudio de corte transversal en el que se analizaron 50 muestras de orina de mujeres que asistieron al Instituto Materno Infantil de Bogotá entre febrero y junio de 2004, quienes presentaron parto prematuro entre las 25 y las 36 semanas de gestación. Para su detección se utilizó la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR COBAS AMPLICOR CT, Roche diagnostic Systems).Resultados: se encontraron dos muestras positivas para C. trachomatis, lo que corresponde a una prevalencia del 4% (IC95% 0,5 - 13,7) en mujeres con parto prematuro y del 4,5% (IC95% 0,6 - 15,5) en pacientes con RPM.Conclusión: la C. trachomatis debe investigarse en pacientes con trabajo de parto prematuro o con RPM pretérmino, aún en ausencia del antecedente de flujo genital patológico y particularmente en quienes no se encuentra la causa del trabajo de parto prematuro.
El Instituto Materno Infantil y los planes de reducción de la mortalidad materna: un reto para el sistema de seguridad social en salud
Authors: Gaitán Hernando 
Published: April 2020

Cada minuto muere una mujer por complicaciones del embarazo o el parto en el mundo. Por cada mujer que muere, hay 30 más que presentan secuelas de las complicaciones de este periodo,1 sin mencionar el serio impacto que se genera sobre la salud de los recién nacidos. Los hijos de madres que fallecen por problemas relacionados con el embarazo, parto o puerperio tienen 10 veces más riesgo de morir que los recién nacidos de madres que sobreviven.2 La mortalidad materna es un indicador del desarrollo de una nación, es una señal acerca de la disparidad e inequidad en la distribución de la riqueza entre países y dentro de ellos mismos, entre hombres y mujeres, así como también brinda una seña del sitio que ocupa la mujer en una sociedad.3
O fenômeno de nasalização em línguas Tupí-Guaraní
Authors: Miranda Camille Cardoso , Picanço Gessiane Lobato 
Published: April 2020

Tupí-Guaraní, tronco Tupí. Para averiguação do processo de nasalidade em línguas Tupí-Guaraní utiliza-se como pressuposto teórico principal a abordagem tipológica de Walker (1998), para verificar e compreender, a partir de uma hierarquia tipológica de harmonia nasal, segmentos que podem ser gatilhos ou alvos do espalhamento nasal. O estudo também utiliza as considerações de Ohala (1993) e Cohn (1990, 1993) para examinar o processo de nasalização como efeito fonético ou fonológico. A abordagem tipológica permitiu observar o comportamento de consoantes e vogais em relação à nasalidade, possibilitando sua classificação em termos de papéis que desempenham, sejam como gatilhos, alvos, bloqueadores ou transparentes. Além disso, verifica-se também a direcionalidade da nasalização que é predominantemente à esquerda (regressiva). Os resultados mostram que, na família Tupí-Guaraní, há o predomínio de vogais nasais como engatilhadoras, seguidas de consoantes nasais, ou ambas. Os alvos são predominantemente vogais, glides e líquidas; já as obstruintes surdas, em geral, comportam-se como bloqueadoras, mas há línguas em que elas são transparentes ao processo. O domínio da nasalidade nessas línguas é preeminentemente de dois tipos: Local, quando é consoante nasal (N) e a longa distância quando é vogal nasal (Ṽ).
ASSISTÊNCIA ÀS GESTANTES E RECÉM-NASCIDOS NO CONTEXTO DA INFECÇÃO COVID-19: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Rondelli Giuliana , Jardim Danúbia , Hamad Graziela , Luna Erika , Marinho Wilson , Mendes Larissa , Souza Kleyde , Gratão Lúcia 
Published: April 2020

A infecção por SARS-CoV-2 tem direcionado a atenção de pesquisadores para a criação de estratégias de prevenção e gestão clínica da infecção COVID-19. Alguns grupos populacionais devem ser priorizados como as gestantes e os recém-nascidos. Assim, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de estudos observacionais e documentos oficiais a fim de explorar e sintetizar evidências e recomendações sobre a atenção e o manejo de gestantes e recém-nascidos suspeitos ou confirmados com a infecção. Utilizou-se a base de dados PubMed, a biblioteca virtual Scielo, as plataformas de sociedades científicas e sites governamentais. Foram incluídas 33 referências organizadas em: atenção à saúde das gestantes com suspeita ou diagnóstico de infecção por SARS-CoV-2: epidemiologia e caracterização, cuidado pré-natal e realização de procedimentos eletivos, recomendações quanto via de nascimento, orientações para a admissão, trabalho de parto/parto e puerpério, agentes farmacológicos e monitoração; e manejo de recém-nascidos filhos de mulheres com diagnóstico de infecção COVID-19: epidemiologia e caracterização de recém-nascidos, risco de infecção por transmissão vertical e no pós parto, amamentação e manejo dos cuidados com recém-nascidos. As recomendações contidas no artigo são passíveis de mudanças diante das novas descobertas sobre o comportamento e repercussões da doença em gestantes, puérperas e recém-nascidos.
Palavras-chave: COVID-19; recém-nascidos; gestantes.
PARTICULARIDADES DA INFECÇÃO POR DIFERENTES ESTIRPES DE CORONAVIRUS EM ANIMAIS DOMÉSTICOS E DE PRODUÇÃO
Authors: Marinho Tenório Rodrigues Katarina Mirna , Valadão de Carvalho Adryano Augustto , Corrêa Mendonça Alberto , Moreira Galdino de Carvalho Pablinny , Carloto Vielmo André 
Published: April 2020

Infecções por COVID-19 estão difundidas mundialmente e pesquisadores de todo o mundo buscam elucidar a forma de transmissão, controle, severidade dos casos como também o papel dos animais neste cenário. Sabendo que os animais podem ser contaminados por Coronavirus que causam doenças espécie específica. Porém alguns casos isolados de COVID-19 foram confirmados em alguns animais (cães e felinos), e pessoas que possuem animais domésticos temem pela contaminação. Sabe-se que a transmissão é de humano a humano, e que os animais podem ser contaminados pelo contato com pessoas. Nesta revisão apresentamos o papel dos animais na infecção.

Palavras-chave: Coronavirus; animais, COVID-19
QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE COMPOSTOS FENÓLICOS, PODER ANTIOXIDANTE E TEOR DE AÇUCARES EM PRODUTOS COMERCIAIS À BASE DE Hibiscus sabdariffa L
Authors: Rocha Ramos Barbosa Denise , Rakeli Simão Boyarski Daiara , Fernandes Santana de Macena Thássia , Castilho Clemente Rodolfo 
Published: April 2020

Neste estudo, chás em infusão e extrato solúvel de H. sabdariffa L. de três marcas revendidas em Palmas/TO, foram usadas com o objetivo de avaliar os teores de fenóis, flavonoides, taninos (totais e condensados) e antocianinas monoméricas, bem como o poder antioxidante e os teores de açúcares (redutores e não redutores). Para as avaliações, foram utilizados o método colorimétrico de Folin-Ciocalteu para fenóis totais e flavonoides, taninos totais por complexação com caseína e os condensados pelo método do butanol-HCL. A quantificação de antocianinas monoméricas foi realizada pelo método do pH diferencial e o poder antioxidante com ferricianeto, o sequestro de radicais livres pelo radical 2,2-difenil-1picril-hidrazil e os açúcares com o ácido 3-5 dinitrossalicilico. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Constatamos que os chás de hibisco por infusão foram os que apresentaram maiores quantidades de fenóis totais, flavonoides, taninos totais e condensados e antocianinas. Os infusos também apresentaram maior poder antioxidante. Contudo, os extratos solúveis apresentaram maiores quantidades de açucares, o que demonstra que usar partes da planta, precisamente seu cálice seco preserva as propriedades benéficas e medicinais dessa erva.
Palavras - chave: Compostos bioativos, Hibisco, Potencial antioxidante.
Dampak Penggunaan Combine Harvester terhadap Kehilangan Hasil Panen Padi di Provinsi Banten
Authors: Amrullah Eka Rastiyanto , Pullaila Ani 
Published: April 2020

<strong>English</strong><br />Combined Harvester (CH) aid is part of the Indonesian government policy instrument for accelerating rice production and increasing farmers’ income. In addition to reducing harvesting cost and time, CH may also reduce harvest loss. This study intends to quantify rice yield loss reduction if CH is used for harvesting. The study was conducted in Banten Province in 2014 using primary data collected from 119 CH user farmers and 116 non-user farmers selected purposively. Preliminary analysis was conducted using regression which was estimated with the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. Since OLS estimated regression is prone to sample selection bias, subsequent analysis is conducted using the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) estimator with a logistic regression. The PSM analysis support the regression analysis that CH reduces harvest loss. Based on the Stratification Matching, it was found that the CH reduces harvest loss by up to 200.39 kg per hectare or around 3.52% of total yield. It is recommended that the Government facilitates provision of technical assistance and training for CH operator farmers or farmers’ groups particularly the first users aid recipients. The harvest reduction advantage is an additional reason for supporting feasibility of CH scaling out policy in Indonesia.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Bantuan combined harvester (CH) padi adalah salah satu instrumen kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia untuk mendorong peningkatan produksi dan pendapatan petani padi. Walau manfaat utamanya adalah untuk menghemat ongkos dan mempercepat panen, CH juga dapat mengurangi kehilangan panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung kuantitas pengurangan kehilangan hasil usaha tani padi jika panen dilakukan dengan CH. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan data primer dari 119 petani pengguna dan 116 petani nonpengguna CH yang dipilih sengaja di Provinsi Banten pada tahun 2014. Analisis awal dilakukan dengan regresi yang diduga dengan kwadrat terkecil biasa (OLS). Untuk mengatasi potensi bias sampel pada analisis regresi OLS, selanjutnya digunakan penduga Propensity Score Matching (PSM) dengan mempergunakan regresi logistik. Hasil analisis PSM memverifikasi efek positif penggunaan CH terhadap kehilangan hasil berdasarkan analisis regresi OLS. Berdasarkan Stratification Matching didapatkan bahwa penggunan CH dapat menekan kehilangan hasil sebesar 200,39 kg per hektare atau sekitar 3,52% dari total hasil. Disarankan agar pemerintah memfasilitasi pendampingan dan pelatihan teknis kepada petani atau kelompok tani operator, utamanya pengguna pertama penerima bantuan. Manfaat mengurangi kehilangan panen memperkuat kelayakan kebijakan perluasan penggunaan CH di Indonesia.
Technical Efficiency and Income Level of Sugarcane Farming in Pati Regency
Authors: Mulyanti Dwi Retno , Jamhari NFN 
Published: April 2020

<strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Defisit produksi gula dalam negeri antara lain disebabkan oleh rendahnya produktivitas usaha tani tebu. Peningkatan efisiensi teknis dapat menjadi solusi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan pendapatan petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi teknis usaha tani tebu dengan metode MLE stochastic frontier production function. Data primer diperoleh dari 61 contoh yang dipilih secara acak dari populasi petani tebu di pabrik gula Pakis Baru dan Trangkil di Kabupaten Pati pada April-Mei 2018. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi teknis dan pendapatan usaha tani tebu dengan sistem benih baru lebih tinggi daripada dengan sistem kepras. Penggunaan pupuk kimia sudah berlebihan. Keanggotaan kelompok tani berdampak signifikan dalam meningkatkan inefisiensi pada sistem benih baru, sedangkan keanggotaan dalam koperasi berpengaruh signifikan dalam menurunkan inefisiensi pada sistem benih baru. Jumlah anggota keluarga berpengaruh signifikan dalam mengurangi inefisiensi teknis sistem kepras. Efisiensi teknis dan pendapatan usaha tani tebu dapat ditingkatkan melalui optimasi penggunaan sarana produksi dengan mematuhi rekomendasi pabrik mitra dan pemerintah, khususnya penggunaan pupuk sesuai dosis rekomendasi dan penggantian ratun yang sudah berumur tiga tahun dengan benih baru bermutu tinggi sesuai agroekosistem spesifik lokasi. Untuk itu, penyediaan layanan penyuluhan yang efektif merupakan syarat keharusan. <br /><br /><br /><strong>English</strong><br />Domestic sugar production deficit is partly caused low productivity of sugarcane farming. Improving technical efficiency may increase farm productivity and income. The study aims to analyze the sugarcane farming technical efficiency by using the stochastic frontier production function. The primary data were obtained from 61 randomly selected samples of sugarcane farmers population of the Pakis Baru and Trangkil sugar factories in Pati Regency in April-May 2018. The study shows that the sugarcane farming technical efficiency and income of the new sugarcane seed system is higher than the ratoon system. Chemical fertilizers have been over used. Farmer group membership significantly increases inefficiency of the new sugarcane seed system, while the cooperative membership significantly decreases inefficiency of the new sugarcane seed system. Family member significantly decreases technical inefficiency of the ratoon system. Technical efficiency and farmers’ income can be improved by allocating production inputs in efficient manner based on the recommendations of partner Sugar Factory and Government, of in particular, fertilizer utilizations according to the recommended dosages and replacement of the already three years ratoon seeds with new high-quality seeds in accordance with the local agroecosystem condition. To this end, provision of an effective extension service is imperative.
Inequity under Equality: Research on the Benefits Equity of Chinese Basic Medical Insurance
Authors: Diao Li , Liu Yiwei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: The pursuit of equity is one of the basic principles behind the strengthening of health care reform. China's new rural cooperative medical insurance (NRCMI) and urban residents' basic medical insurance (URBMI) are both “equalized” in terms of fundraising and reimbursement. This paper studies the benefits equity under this "equalized" system.Methods: The data analysed in this paper are from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from 2014 to 2016, implemented by the Institute of Social Science Survey at Peking University. A two-part model and a binary choice model are used in the empirical test.Results: The empirical test revealed that high-income people benefit more from basic medical insurance than low-income people. Mechanism analysis demonstrated that high-income people have higher medical insurance applicability and can utilize better health care. Since low-income people are unhealthier, inequity in benefits exacerbates health inequity. We also found that the benefits equity of URBMI is better than that of NRCMI.Conclusions: The government needs to pay more attention to the issue of medical insurance inequity. We should consider allowing different income groups to pay different premiums according to their medical expenses or applying different reimbursement policies for different income groups.
Validation of Brief Condom Use Attitudes Scales For Spanish Speaking People-who-use-drugs in El Salvador
Authors: Beachy Sara , Lechuga Julia , Dickson-Gomez Julia , Liang Chris 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

People-who-use-drugs (PWUDs) are a population severely impacted by a concentrated epidemic of HIV. Behavioral interventions to prevent and treat HIV among PWUDs have been implemented around the world including in low- and middle-income countries which have been disproportionately affected by HIV. However, few studies have been conducted with PWUDs to assess the validity and psychometric properties of measures that assess intervention effectiveness. Furthermore, there are very few measures that have been validated on transnational populations as most research interventions have utilized U.S. samples.
Methods

Our sample was comprised of 1,324 PWUDs, Spanish monolingual speakers, residing in the metropolitan area of San Salvador, El Salvador. Exploratory factor analysis and subsequent confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS and Amos were conducted on three abbreviated and translated condom use attitude measures (i.e., Condom Use Attitudes Scale – Spanish Short Form, Condom Use Social Norms – Spanish Short Form, Condom Use Self-Efficacy – Spanish Short Form). Convergent validity was examined using bivariate correlational analysis with actual condom use and STI infections.
Results

Results indicated that the two-factor, 8-item correlated model for the CUAS-SSF scale had an excellent fit with an adequate reliability (α = .764). The confirmatory factor analysis for the 5-item, CUSN-SSF scale indicated a satisfactory fit with 3 of 6 fit indices indicating adequate fit. Analysis of the two-factor, 5-item CUSE-SSF scale indicated satisfactory fit with an adequate reliability (α = .844). Bivariate analysis indicated correlations between all measures and with self-reported condom use.
Conclusions

Results indicated that these brief measures are valid and reliable and can be utilized to assess the effectiveness of HIV risk reduction interventions among Spanish speaking PWUDs.
Knowledge, and Screening Behaviours of Saudi Female Teachers Towards Breast Cancer in Description Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: alduraibi sharifa khalid 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Backgroun Breast cancer is the second commonest cause of cancer-related deaths in Saudi Arabia and the commonest type of female cancer. However, unfortunately several women bypass early discovery and management possibilities related to the shortage of data, knowledge, and recognition of breast cancer, as well as cancer screening manners in general. This study aims to assess the knowledge, and screening behaviour of female teacher regarding breast cancer.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the governmental secondary girls’ schools in Buraydah city, Saudi Arabia, during the period 2018–2019. A cluster multistage random sampling technique was used to recruit female teacher. The data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire.Results The study included 316 female teachers. The age of 55.4% of them was below 40 years. The total breast cancer knowledge score was abnormally distributed, as evidenced by significant Shapiro-Wilk test, p < 0.001. The mean ± SD score was 10.66 ± 3.73 (maximum possible score was 15) and the median (IQR) was 11 (8–13). Less than half (42.7%) of the teachers reported performing BSE while only 9.5% went to a clinic for clinical breast examination. BSE was performed on monthly basis by only 14.8% of those practiced it. Ignorance of the examination and fear to discover a tumour were mentioned by 24.9% for each as a reason for not performing BSE whereas 42.5% of those who did not practice it had no reason for that. Mammogram was ever practiced by 22.5% of the female teachers. About one-third of the participants (33.5%) claimed that they will perform mammogram in the coming year. Older teachers (40–50) reported higher rates of performing mammogram compared to those aged < 40, p = 0.012. Also, teachers who had friends with breast cancer were practiced mammogram at higher rated than their counterparts, p = 0.025.Conclusions The study indicates that breast cancer knowledge among governmental female secondary school teachers in Buraydah city, Saudi Arabia is overall insufficient, regarding risk factors and clinical presentation. Performance of breast cancer screening techniques is not enough. Improving knowledge regarding breast cancer risk factors, presentation and screening tools as BSE and mammogram through educational programs is highly recommended for prevention and early detection.