bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Hba1c is Associated With Decreased 6-month Survival and Poor Outcomes After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Junhaeng , Oh Joo Suk , Zuh Jong Ho , Hong Sungyoup , Park Sang Hyun , Kim Ji Hoon , Kim Hyungsoo , Seo Mingu , Kim Kiwook , Lee Doo Hyo , Jung Hyun Ho , Park Jungtaek , Oh Young Min , Choi Semini , Choi Kyoung Ho 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the associations between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at admission and 6-month mortality and outcomes after out-of-cardiac arrest (OHCA) treated by hypothermic targeted temperature management (TTM).Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included adult OHCA survivors who underwent hypothermic TTM from December 2011 to December 2019. High HbA1c at admission was defined as a level higher than 6%. Poor neurological outcomes were defined as cerebral performance category scores of 3-5. The primary outcome was 6-month mortality. The secondary outcome was the 6-month neurological outcome. Descriptive statistics, log-rank tests, and multivariable regression modelling were used for data analysis.Results: Of the 302 patients included in the final analysis, 102 patients (33.8%) had HbA1c levels higher than 6%. The high HbA1c group had significantly worse 6-month survival (12.7% vs. 37.5%, p < 0.001) and 6-month outcomes (89.2% vs. 73.0%, p = 0.001) compared to the non-high HbA1c group. Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test showed that the survival time was significantly shorter in the patients with HbA1c >6% than in those with HbA1c ≤6%. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, HbA1c >6% was independently associated with 6-month mortality (OR 5.85, 95% CI 2.26-15.12, p < 0.001) and poor outcomes (OR 4.18, 95% CI 1.41-12.40, p < 0.001).Conclusions: This study showed that HbA1c higher than 6% at admission was associated with increased 6-month mortality and poor outcomes in OHCA survivors treated with hypothermic TTM. Poor long-term glycemic management may have prognostic significance after cardiac arrest.
Cancer Associated Macrophage-Like Cells and Prognosis of Esophageal Cancer after Chemoradiation Therapy
Authors: Gironda Daniel Joseph , Adams Daniel Lee , He Jianzhong , Xu Ting , Gao Hui , Qiao Yawei , Komaki Ritsuko , Reuben James M. , Liao Zhongxing , Blum-Murphy Mariela , Hofstetter Wayne L. , Tang Cha-Mei , Lin Steven H. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Cancer Associated Macrophage-Like cells (CAMLs) are polynucleated circulating stromal cells found in the bloodstream of numerous solid-tumor malignancies. Variations within CAML size have been associated with poorer progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in a variety of cancers; however, no study has evaluated their clinical significance in esophageal cancer (EC). Methods: To examine this significance, we ran a two-year prospective pilot study consisting of newly diagnosed stage I-III EC patients (n=32) receiving chemoradiotherapy (CRT). CAML sizes were sequentially monitored prior to CRT (BL), ~2 weeks into treatment (T1), and at the first available sample after the completion of CRT (T2). Results: We found CAMLs in 88% (n=28/32) of all patient samples throughout the trial, with a sensitivity of 76% (n=22/29) in pre-treatment screening samples. Improved 2 year PFS and OS was found in patients with CAMLs <50μm by the completion of CRT over patients with CAMLs ≥50μm; PFS (HR=12.0, 95%CI=2.7-54.1, p=0.004) and OS (HR=9.0, 95%CI=1.9-43.5, p=0.019). Conclusions: Tracking CAML sizes throughout CRT as a minimally invasive biomarker may serve as a prognostic tool in mapping EC progression, and high prevalence of these cells prior to treatment suggest diagnostic value for at-risk populations.
Karyomorphological Study of Taraxacum in Northeast China
Authors: Wu Jie , Yanping Xing , Haotao Chen , Qun Liu , Ran Li , Jing Li , Wei Ning , Wei Cao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Dandelions ( Taraxacum ) comprise more than 2,000 species distributed worldwide, including 70 species in China and over 20 species in Northeast China. It is an edible plant used also in traditional Chinese medicine.
Methods: Chromosome number was determined by conventional tableting, and karyotypes were analyzed. We determined the number of mitotic chromosomes, karyotype characteristics, and morphology of Taraxacum germplasm resources collected in Northeast China. The data were compared with those in the Chromosome Counts Database (CCDB) using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis.
Results: The collected Taraxacum species included diploids, triploids, and tetraploids, with chromosome numbers of 2n = 16, 24, and 32, respectively. The karyotypes showed metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes and satellites. The absolute length of a single chromosome was 3.56–31.68 μm, and the karyotype asymmetry coefficient was 59.68%–67.45%. PCA of karyotype data showed that chromosome size, long arm length, and short arm length formed PC1. Cluster analysis based on karyotype data of the 18 species supported the taxonomic classification of this genus in the Flora of China .
Conclusions: Our results indicate that karyotype analysis can be used as cytological evidence for Taraxacum taxonomy. We also determined that among the 18 Taraxacum species, triploid species were more evolved than diploid and tetraploid species. We believe that our results provide a basis for further research in Taraxacum germplasm resources and lay the experimental foundation for further development of Taraxacum in traditional Chinese medicine.
Matched Cohort Study on the Efficacy of Tocilizumab in Patients with COVID-19&nbsp;
Authors: Molinero Alejandro Rodríguez , Pérez-López Carlos , Gálvez-Barrón César , Miñarro Antonio , Macho Oscar , López Gabriela , Robles Maria Teresa , Dapena Dolors , Martínez Sergi , Rodríguez Ezequiel , Collado Isabel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Tocilizumab has been proposed as a treatment for the new disease COVID-19, however, there is not enough scientific evidence to support this treatment. The objective of this study is to analyze whether the use of tocilizumab is associated with respiratory improvement and a shorter time to discharge in patients with COVID-19 and lung involvement.Methods: Observational study on a cohort of 418 patients, admitted to three county hospitals in Catalonia (Spain). Patients admitted consecutively were included and followed until discharge or up to 30 days of admission. A sub-cohort of patients treated with tocilizumab and a sub-cohort of control patients were identified, matched by a large number of risk factors and clinical variables. Sub-cohorts were also matched by the number of other treatments for COVID-19 that patients received. Increment in SAFI (inspired oxygen fraction / saturation) 48 hours after the start of treatment, and time to discharge, were the primary outcomes. Mortality, which was a secondary outcome, was analyzed in the total cohort, by using logistic regression models, adjusted by confounders.Results: There were 96 patients treated with tocilizumab. Of them, 22 patients could be matched with an equivalent number of control patients. The increment in SAFI from baseline to 48 hours of treatment, was not significantly different between groups (tocilizumab: -0.04; control: 0.09; p=0.636). Also, no difference in time to discharge was found between the two sub-cohorts (logrank test: p=0.472). The logistic regression models, did not show an effect of tocilizumab on mortality (OR 0.99; p=0.990)Conclusions: We did not find a clinical benefit associated with the use tocilizumab, in terms of respiratory function at 48 hours of treatment, or time to discharge.
The Effect of miR122 and miR185 on Hepatic Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: YU Qun , LV Sha , SU Wen Jun , YIN Yan Feng , GUAN Zheng , ZHANG Lei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) have been considered as a promising cell source in liver diseases. miRNAs have been shown to play an important role in hepatic differentiation of hUC-MSCs. The study seeks to explore whether miR122 and miR185 could affect induction of hUC-MSCs into hepatic differentiation. Methods: miR122 and miR185 stable overexpression by hUC-MSCs were firstly created, then hUC-MSCs were cultured by hepatic differentiation conditional medium. After 28 days culture in hepatic inducing conditional medium, hepatic markers expressed by these cells were detected by qRT-PCR and western-blot. The cell functions were also evaluated by PAS staining and ICG phagocytosis. Results: Our results demonstrated that at the end of 28 days, hUC-MSCs overexpressing miR122 had increasing expression of hepatocyte markers including AFP, ALB, CK18, CK19 and HNF4α in both mRNA level and protein ecpression, while in the miR185 overexpression group, hUC-MSCs showed decreasing expression of hepatocyte markers. Moreover, there was also improvement of glycogen deposits as well as ICG phagocytosis ability in the hepatic inducing miR122 overexpression cells, while in the hepatic inducing miR185 overexpression group, hUC-MSCs showed decreasing glycogen deposits and ICG phagocytosis ability. Conclusions: We thus speculate that it is possible to promote hepatic differentiation of hUC-MSCs by overexpression of miR122 and this effect may be inhibited by miR185 overexpression. It seems miR122 and miR185 have an antagonistic effect on hUC-MSCs hepatic differentiation. Overexpression of certain kind of miRNA in cells by transfection or other gene modification skills could be an effective way to modulate stem cell fate.
No Difference in Physical Activity Associated with Cannabis Use Status in a Nationally Representative Sample of U.S. Adults
Authors: Ong Lydia Q. , Bellettiere John , Alvarado Citlali , Chavez Paul , Berardi Vincent 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Prior research examining the relationship between cannabis use, sedentary behavior, and physical activity has generated conflicting findings, potentially due to biases in the self-reported measures used to assess physical activity. This study aimed to more precisely explore the relationship between cannabis use and sedentary behavior/physical activity using objective measures. Methods: Data were obtained from the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 2,092 participants (ages 20-59; 48.8% female) had accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior, light physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Participants were classified as a current cannabis user if they reported any use over the previous 30 days. Multivariable linear regression estimated minutes engaged in sedentary behavior/physical activity for current versus non-current cannabis users. Logistic regression modeled self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in relation to current cannabis use. Results: Fully-adjusted regression models indicated that current cannabis users’ objectively-measured sedentary behavior/physical activity did not significantly differ from non-current users. There were no significant associations between self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and cannabis use. Conclusions: This study is the first to evaluate the relationship between cannabis use and accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior and physical activity. Such objective measures should be used in other cohorts to replicate our finding that current cannabis use is not significantly associated with sedentary behavior/physical activity in order to fully assess the potential public health impact of recent increases in cannabis use.
Illicit Drug Use by Adolescents: A Public Perception of Influencing Factors in Owerri, Nigeria
Authors: Ogu Udochukwu Ugochukwu , Ezumah Nkoli , Odii Aloysius 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Illicit drug use among adolescents has become a social menace which cuts across all social strata. This study explored public perception of factors that influence illicit drug use among adolescents in Owerri, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was used for the study. The study adopted a mixed method approach comprising quantitative and qualitative methods. The study was carried out in Owerri metropolis of Imo State, Nigeria. A total of 10 communities were selected randomly, they included four communities from the 16 communities that make up Owerri West, five communities from the 18 communities that make up Owerri North and one community from the five communities that make up Owerri Municipal. The research instruments used for data collection were questionnaires and in-depth interview guide.Results: Our quantitative study found that 50.7% of the respondents, from across the three areas in Owerri metropolis, asserted that peer influence, emotional problems, relationship problems, wanting to feel ‘high’ are factors influencing adolescent consumption of illicit drugs whereas the qualitative study found family background, unique experience such as the death of a loved one, affliction or misfortune as factors influencing adolescents’ illicit drug use. The quantitative results showed that persons with higher level of education are more likely than those with lower level of education to perceive a significant difference in drug use between in – school and out – of – school adolescents. Conclusions: Peer pressure was identified as a major factor and it was also identified as rivaling the family in terms of influence.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Etomidate Isnotchanged in Patients With Obstructive Jaundice: An Observational Study
Authors: Song Jinchao , Meng Xiaoyan , Yang Hua , Gao Hao , Cai Meihua , Zhang Mazhong , Yu Weifeng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Etomidate is a commonly used in induction of anesthesia. We have previously confirmed that etomidate requirements are significantly reduced in patients with obstructive jaundice and that etomidate anesthesia during ERCP results in more stable hemodynamics when compared with propofol. The aim of the present study is to investigate the pharmacokinetics of etomidate in patientswith and without obstructive jaundice.Method: 18 patients with obstructive jaundice and 12 non-jaundiced patients scheduled for bile duct surgery were enrolled in the study. Etomidate 0.333 mg/kg was administered by IV bolus for anesthetic induction. Arterial blood samples were drawn before, during, and up to 300 minutes after bolus. Plasma etomidate concentrations were determined using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assay. A population nonlinear mixed-effects modeling approach was used to characterize etomidate pharmacokinetics. Thecovariates age, gender, height, weight, body surface area (BSA), body mass index (BMI), lean body mass (LBM), total bilirubin (TBL), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), total bile acid (TBA), creatinine(CR), blood urea nitrogen(BUN)were tested for significant effects on parametersusing a multiple forward selection approach. Covariate effects were judged based onchanges in the objective function value (OFV).Results:A three-compartment disposition model adequately described the pharmacokinetics of etomidate.The model was further improved when height was a covariate of total clearance [Cl1=1.30+0.0232(HT-162), ΔOFV=−7.33; P<0.01)]. The introduction of any other covariates, including bilirubin and total bile acids, did not improve the model significantly (P > 0.01). For the height of 162cm, the final pharmacokinetic parameter valueswere as follows:V1=1.42 (95% CI, 1.01-1.83, L), V2=5.52 (95% CI, 4.07-6.97, L),V3=63.9 (95% CI, 41.95-85.85, L),Cl1= 1.30 (95% CI, 1.19-1.41, l/min), Cl2= 1.21 (95%CI, 0.95-1.47, L/min),and Cl3=0.584 (95%CI, 0.95-1.21, L/min), respectively, respectively.Conclusion: A 3-compartment open model might best describe the concentration profile of etomidate after bolus infusion for anesthesia induction. The pharmacokinetics of etomidate has not been changed in the obstructive jaundice.Trial registration:The trial was registered prior to patient enrollment at clinicaltrials.gov (ChiCTR-IPR-15007574, Principal investigator: Jin-chao Song, Date of registration: 2015-12-10).
Study on natural characteristics of fiber metal laminates thin plates under cantilever boundary
Authors: Liu Yunshan , Shang Feng , Xu Zhuo , Wen Bangchun 
Published: June 2020

Through the combination of theory and experiment, the natural characteristics of the fiber metal laminates thin plates under cantilever boundary are analyzed and verified. Based on the mechanics of composites and classical laminated plate theory, the theoretical model is established. The orthogonal polynomial method and the energy method are used to solve the natural characteristics. Meanwhile the calculation process is proposed. And then, the natural characteristics of a TA2/TC500 fiber metal laminates thin plate are tested. It is found that comparing the calculation results of the frequencies with the test ones, the errors are within the range of 3.4 % to 4.5 %, the trends of modal shapes are consistent as well, thus the effectiveness of above method has been verified.
Numerical simulation of groundwater contaminant transport in unsaturated flow
Authors: Yang Jie , Tao Yuezan , Ren Weixin , Cao Pengqiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A sand-box experiment equipment is constructed to simulate the transportation of contaminant in unsaturated flow under dirichlet boundary condition. Based on analysis of the mechanism in unsaturated migration, taking a riverland as an example, the model of water quality which was affected by contaminant transport was built, and the calculation values coincided well with experimental data. The results showed that the lateral migration should not be neglected when seepage velocity was high. In addition, the lateral migration was faster in high moisture content areas and the solute was retained for a short time; however, the situation was reversed in low moisture content areas. Moreover, during the initial stage of solute transport, the velocity of the trailing end of the pinnate pollution zone was high under the effect of capillary action, which would lead to expansion of the range of pollution. Furthermore, the relative concentration curve of pollutants presented a single peak state, with the peak value of the curve increasing with the velocity, and the arrival time of the peak value was also gradually advanced. Therefore, this study can provide reference for the prediction and control of groundwater contaminant transport in an unsaturated zone.
Potential of MurA Enzyme and GBAP in Fsr Quorum Sensing System as Antibacterial Drugs Target: In vitro and In silico Study of Antibacterial Compounds from Myrmecodia pendans
Authors: Apriyanti Eti , Satari Mieke H. , Kurnia Dikdik 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Increasing the resistance issue has become the reason for the development
of new antibacterial in crucial condition. Many ways are tracked to determine the most effective
antibacterial agent. Some proteins that are a key role in bacteria metabolism are targeted, including
MurA in cell wall biosynthesis and gelatinase biosynthesis-activating pheromone (GBAP) in Fsr
Quorum Sensing (QS) system.

Objective:
The objective of this research is the analysis of compounds 1-4 from M. pendans as
antibacterial and anti-QS activity trough protein inhibition by in silico study; focus on the
structure-activity relationships, to appraise their role as an antibacterial and anti-QS agent in the
molecular level.

Methods:
Both activities of M. pendans compounds (1-4) were analyzed by in silico, compared to
Fosfomycin, Ambuic acid, Quercetin, and Taxifolin as a standard. Chemical structures of M.
pendans compounds were converted using an online program molview. The compounds were
docked to MurA, GBAP, gelatinase and serine protease using Autodock Vina in Pyrx 0.8 followed
PYMOL to visualization and proteis.plus program to analyze of the complex.

Results:
All compounds from M. pendans bound on MurA, GBAP, gelatinase and serine protease
except compound 2. This biflavonoid did not attach to MurA and serine protease yet is the
favorable ligand for GBAP and gelatinase with the binding affinity of -6.9 and -9.4 Kcal/mol
respectively. Meanwhile, for MurA and serine protease, compound 4 is the highest of bonding
energy with values of -8.7 and -6.4 Kcal/mol before quercetin (MurA, -8.9 Kcal/mol) and taxifolin
(serine protease, -6.6 Kcal/mol).

Conclusion:
Based on the data, biflavonoid acts better as anti-QS than an inhibitor of MurA
enzyme while the others can be acted into both of them either the therapeutic agent of anti-QS or
antibacterial agent of MurA inhibitor.
Novel Therapeutic Approaches and Targets for Treatment of Psoriasis
Authors: Radi Giulia , Campanati Anna , Diotallevi Federico , Bianchelli Tommaso , Offidani Annamaria 
Published: June 2020

Background::
Psoriasis is a multifactorial immune-mediated inflammatory disease, with a
chronic relapsing-remitting course, which affects 2-3% of the worldwide population. Psoriasis involves
skin, joints, or both, and it is associated with several comorbidities, including metabolic, rheumatological,
cardiovascular, psychiatric complications, and other chronic inflammatory diseases, which are the
expression of the complex underlying pathogenetic mechanism. An accurate characterization of the
immune pathways involved in psoriasis led to recognize the new molecules, (IL)17 and 23, which
become the new target of biologic therapy for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.

Objective::
The aim of this study is to collect data of literature about IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors.

Methods::
A descriptive review was conducted to identify the main data in the literature evaluating
novel biologic treatments currently available: IL-17 inhibitors (secukinumab, ixekizumab and
brodalumab) and IL-23 inhibitors (guselkumab, tildrakizumab and risankizumab).

Results::
Dosing regimens, administration, efficacy, real-life efficacy and safety of IL-17 and IL-23
inhibitors are discussed in detail.

Conclusion::
Currently approved novel biologic therapies for moderate to severe psoriasis revealed
increasing effectiveness compared to previous biological therapy and a good safety profile.