bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of ultrasound-guided rectus sheath block, butorphanol for single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective, randomized, clinical trial
Authors: Fu Huimin , Zhong Chaochao , Gao Yongtao , Xu Xingguo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Whether rectus sheath block (RSB) combined with butorphanol can relieve incisional pain and visceral pain in patients undergoing single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) remains unknown. The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of ultrasound-guided bilateral RSB, and butorphanol for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing SILC.Methods: All patients who met the criteria were randomly divided into four groups: group I, (n=29) patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) (sufentanil 1 µg/ml); group II, (n=29) PCIA (butorphanol 0. 08 µg/ml); group III, (n=29) ultrasound-guided RSB (ropivacaine 100 mg) combined with PCIA (sufentanil 1 µg/ml); and group IV, (n=29) ultrasound-guided RSB (ropivacaine 100 mg) combined with PCIA (butorphanol 0.08 µg/ml). General anesthesia in all groups, It's noteworthy that we only use general anesthesia, not ultrasound-guided RSB in group I and II. The primary outcome were numeric rating scale (NRS) scores (0-10) of incisional pain and visceral pain. Secondary outcomes were the dose of butorphanol and sufentanil, the number of PCIA presses, the length of hospital stay and the incidence of postoperative adverse events.
Results: Both the rest and cough incisional pain scores were lower during the first 2, 6 and 12 h in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅰ (P＜0.05). Similarly, scores in group Ⅳ were significantly lower than those in group II (P＜0.05). The NRS scores for visceral pain were lower in group II at 2, 6 and 12 h after surgery than in group I (P＜0.05) and lower in group IV than in group Ⅲ (P＜0.05). Patients in group I needed more butorphanol as a rescue analgesic for pain relief than did those in group III, and patients in group IV needed less butorphanol as a rescue analgesic for pain relief than did those in group II. From the above pairwise comparisons, it is clear that groups III and IV had lower NRS scores. Overall, ultrasound-guided RSB combined with PCIA (butorphanol 0. 08 µg/ml) performed the best.
Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided RSB combined with butorphanol can provide sufficient pain treatment after SILC than can general anaesthesia combined with sufentanil.
A Pilot Evaluation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics Seen With Primary Soft Tissue Giant Cell Tumor in 2 patients
Authors: Zhang Lina , Kang Jianyun , Zhang Kai , Liu Ailian , Wang Huali , Liu Tieli 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Primary soft tissue giant cell tumor (GCT-ST) is a rare tumor with low malignant potential . Here we reported two cases of patients with soft tissue giant cell tumor in the limb, including their clinical and imaging findings (conventional Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)).
Methods: This retrospective study included two pathology-confirmed GCT-ST patients. Plain MRI, dynamic contrast enhancement MRI (DCE-MRI), and DWI were performed with a 3.0T whole-body MR scanner before surgery. The following characteristics of lesion were recorded: signal intensity on T 1 FSPGR and T 2 WI, morphology, maximum lesion size, time-intensity curve (TIC) on DCE-MRI, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value from DWI.
Results: The maximum lesion size ranged from 4.0 cm to 6.0 cm. Signal intensities of all lesions were heterogeneous on T 1 FSPGR and T 2 WI. Nodular enhancements were observed for all lesions with either oval or irregular shapes on MRI. All lesion margins were blurred, and internal enhancements were heterogeneous on DCE-MRI. TIC appeared with a slow increase in type. Lesions on DWI (b=500s/mm 2 ) were hyperintense with a higher mean ADC value of 2.19×10 −3 mm 2 /s compared to surrounding normal soft tissue (1.03×10 −3 mm 2 /s).
Conclusions: MRI features of these two GCT-STs include heterogeneous signal intensity within the lesion on T 2 WI and T 1 FSPGR, nodular enhancement with blurred margins, either oval or irregular shapes, and a slow increase enhancement of TIC on DCE-MRI. DWI may be a useful tool for differentiating benign soft tissue mass from giant cell-rich soft tissue neoplasms or malignant tumors. However, these findings need to be confirmed using a higher sample study.
Interference of functional dual-tasks on gait in untrained people with Parkinson’s disease and healthy controls: cross-sectional study
Authors: Valenzuela Constanza San Martín , Dueñas-Moscardó Lirios , López-Pascual Juan , Serra-Añó Pilar , Miguel José Manuel Tomás 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: In Parkinson’s disease (PD) population, performing secondary tasks while walking further deteriorates gait and restrict mobility in functional contexts of daily life. This study (1) analyzed the interference of functional cognitive and motor secondary task on untrained people with PD and (2) compared their walking with healthy subjects.
Methods : Forty people with PD (aged 66.72 [7.5] years, Hoehn and Yahr stage I-II-III on-medication) composed the PD group (PDG) and 43 participants (aged 66.60 [8.75] years) formed the group of healthy counterparts (HG). Gait was evaluated through spatiotemporal, kinematic and kinetic outcomes in five conditions: single task (ST) and visual, verbal, auditory and motor dual-task (DT).
Results : The performance of both groups was higher in the ST than verbal, auditory and motor DT conditions (p < .05). A similar gait pattern was observed between ST and visual DT during velocity, cadence and vertical forces in PDG and HG. In addition, PDG exhibited a better double support time, ankle range, midstance and braking forces in the visual DT than the verbal and motor DT (p < .05). PDG participants had a significantly lower performance than the HG in all the variables analyzed except for the maximum hip extension in the stance phase (p>0.05). Conclusions : In untrained participants with PD, verbal and motor secondary tasks affect gait significantly, while auditory and visual tasks interfere to a lesser extent. Untrained patients with PD have a poorer gait performance than their healthy counterparts, but in different grades according to the analyzed variables.
Trial registration : The data in this paper are part of a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial and correspond to the evaluations performed before a physical rehabilitation program, retrospectively registered with number at clinicaltrial.gov NCT04038866 .
A multi-institutional and cross-sectional study on empathy in Chinese medical students: Differences by student cadre or not, future career preference, and father's education status
Authors: Yi Kangqi , Kang Mingyi , Li Dongju , Wang Zhipeng , Bai Jinsong , Xu Huiming , MA Shulan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
The aims of this study were to examine the factor structure of the Chinese version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for medical students (JSE-S) and investigate differences in empathy scores among Chinese medical students according to gender, student cadre or not, future career preference, and parents’ education.
Methods
Medical students from three universities completed an online questionnaire containing the JSE-S. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine the factor structure, and group comparisons of empathy scores were examined via t -tests and analysis of variance.
Results
Four factors emerged from the factor analysis: “perspective taking,” “compassionate care,” “standing in the patient’s shoes,” and an uninterpretable factor. The results indicated that students who were female, held positions as student cadres, preferred to become a doctor, and whose fathers had a high school education or below tended to have more empathy.
Conclusions
Overall, the findings provide information on the dimensions of empathy applicable to Chinese medical students and confirm the factors found in the original measure.The dimensions have implications for developing empathy among medical students throughout the world. Educators can use the information to design interventions to foster empathy among students in the context of medical education reform in many countries, including China.
The Functional Outcomes and Complications of Different Reconstruction Methods for Giant Cell Tumor of the Distal Radius: Comparison of Osteoarticular Allograft and Three-Dimensional-Printed Prosthesis
Authors: Wang Yitian , Min Li , Lu Minxun , Zhou Yong , Wang Jie , Zhang Yuqi , Yu Xinzhu , Tang Fan , Luo Yi , Duan Hong , tu chongqi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: En bloc excision has been increasingly used for the management of giant cell tumors(GCTs) in the distal radius. An osteoarticular allograft has been used extensively for decades, and custom-made prosthesis reconstruction has been more recently applied. We aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of the two procedures.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 30 patients with Campanacci III or recurrent GCTs of the distal radius for follow-up at a mean of 33.2 months. In total, 15 underwent osteoarticular allograft reconstruction (allograft group) and 15 received cementless three-dimensional(3D)-printed prosthesis reconstruction (prosthesis group) between March 18, 2013, and May 20, 2018. All patients underwent by clinical and radiological examinations, including pre- and postoperative active range of motion (ROM) of the wrist, VAS score, grip strength, degenerative change of wrist, Mayo wrist score and Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score. Complications were evaluated using the Henderson classification.

Results: Both groups showed significantly increased ROM, grip strength, Mayo score and MSTS score postoperatively. Furthermore, the extension, flexion, MSTS, and Mayo score were significantly higher in the prosthesis group. There was no significant difference in grip strength and VAS between the groups. In allograft group, one patient had a late infection one had resorption of allograft without allograft bone fracture. and four had wrist subluxation. All patients had degenerative changes (mean 9 months). In the prosthesis group, three patients developed wrist subluxation, three had separation of the distal radioulnar joint, and none of the patients developed wrist degeneration.

Conclusions: Our study compared the objective functional outcomes and complications of two reconstructive methods for Campanacci III or recurrent GCT in the distal radius. 3D-printed prosthesis replacement can partially preserve wrist function better than allograft reconstruction in the short-term. During the design of 3D-printed prosthesis, preoperative morphological assessment of the affected proximal row carpal is helpful to control postoperative dislocation. After allograft reconstruction, wrist degeneration, which has been demonstrated in all patients, severely influence their wrist function. Therefore, compared to allograft reconstruction, 3D-printed prosthesis reconstruction has irreplaceable advantages at early-stage application, especially in wrist function, however, further studied with a larger number of cases and longer follow-up.
Comparative evaluation of epidural bupivacaine alone and bupivacaine combined with magnesium sulfate in providing postoperative analgesia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Li Li-Qin , Zhang Hou-Zhong , Fang Mei-Dan , Wang Cong , Lu Hong-Liu , Wang Li-Xue , Xu Hong-Yu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground The comparative efficacy of epidural bupivacaine alone and bupivacaine combined with magnesium sulfate in providing postoperative analgesia remains controversial.Methods We searched Mediline (OvidSP), EMBASE (OvidSP) and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to identify trials that compared epidural bupivacaine and magnesium sulfate combination (intervention) with bupivacaine alone (control). Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) framework was used to assess the quality of evidence.Results Eleven studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria after screening. We found that epidural bupivacaine combined with magnesium sulfate could prolong the time for first rescue analgesics (SMD 4.96; 95% CI [2.75, 7.17], P<0.00001, I 2 = 98%), reduce the number of patients who need rescue analgesics (RR 0.38; 95% CI [0.20, 0.74], P = 0.004, I 2 = 75%) and requirement for rescue analgesics (SMD -2.65; 95% CI [-4.23, -1.06], P=0.001, I 2 = 96%).Conclusions Magnesium suifate as an adjuvant of epidural bupivacaine improved postoperative analgesia. However, we rated the quality of evidence to be very low because of high heterogeneity, imprecise of results and small sample sizes. Furthermore, further large high-quality trials are still needed to confirm the effects of magnesium sulfate on postoperative analgesia.
Adenovirus Virus Expressing Myostatin- Somatostatin Fusing Gene Promote the Growth Rate of the Mice
Authors: Wang Xinglong , Xu Gaoxiao , Zhang Ning , Chen Xingfa , Yu Dongling 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Myostatin (MSTN) and somatostatin (SST) are all involved in regulation the growth of the animals. Animals immunized with these proteins induce the related immune response, which could neutralize the normal inhibitory effects of these two proteins. Here, a recombinant adenovirus expressing MSTN-SST was constructed and used to deliver these two antigen to mice, so as to check the immunize efficacy of these proteins delivered in this way. Results The adenovirus expression fusing protein MSTN-SST was successfully rescued on HEK293A cell as adenovirus related cell pathological change were observed after transfection with the adenovirus genome harboring MSTN-SST gene. The expression of MSTN-SST were confirmed using western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence. Immunization with the recombinant adenovirus once or twice were successfully induce immune response against MSTN-SST and resulted in an improved growth rate and muscle mass. In addition, a booster immunization leaded a better results shown as higher antibody response and mice growth rate. Conclusions Accordingly, adenovirus can be used as a vector for deliver myostatin and somatostatin gene to increase animal growth rate and muscle mass .
Precision implementation of early ambulation in elderly patients underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Cui Zhaomei , Li Na , Fan Yiou , Zhuang Xin , Liu Jing , Zhang Jie , Tan Qi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Though early ambulation (EA) is associated with improved outcomes for post-operative patients, precision initiative on EA for elderly patients has rarely been reported. The aim of this study is to determine the safety and effectiveness of precision implementation of EA in elderly patients underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCABG) surgery. Methods We conducted a single-center, randomized and controlled clinical trial involving elderly patients(≥60 years) in who EA support was implemented after OPCABG surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to precision early ambulation (PEA) group or routine ambulation (Control) group. Innovatively referring age-predicted maximal heart rate (APMHR) and VO 2max was the highlight of PEA. The primary end-point was the postoperative length of stay in hospital (PLOS). The secondary end-point included 90-day mortality, laboratory test, length of stay in ICU, the incidence of multiple organ complications as well as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Results There were 178 patients were enrolled, with 89 patients assigned to receive PEA and 89 to receive control procedure. By intent-to-treat analysis, during PEA program, participants performed a much longer distance of ambulation on the third day ( P =0.000). Mild-to-moderate physical activity in PEA group ameliorates PLOS ( P =0.031), Time of first bowel ( P =0.000) and partial pressure O 2 ( P g =0.001). Additionally, patients in PEA group showed significantly lower incidence of PTSD than those in Control group ( P =0.000). Conclusion APMHR and VO 2max are valuable for target intensity and exercise formula. PEA after OPCAPG surgery is safe and reliable for elderly patients, which not only reduces the hospital stay but also improves patients’ postoperative functional status.
Tracing foot-and-mouth disease virus phylogeographical patterns and transmission dynamics.
Authors: Jara Manuel , Frias-De-Diego Alba , Dellicour Simon , Baele Guy , Machado Gustavo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) has proven its potential to propagate across local and international borders on numerous occasions, but yet details about the directionality of the spread along with the role of the different host in transmission remain unexplored. To elucidate FMDV global spread characteristics, we studied the spatiotemporal phylodynamics of serotypes O, A, Asia1, SAT1, SAT2, and SAT3, based on more than 50 years of phylogenetic and epidemiological information. Results Our results revealed phylogeographic patterns, dispersal rates, and the role of host species in the dispersal and maintenance of virus circulation. Contrary to previous studies, our results showed that three serotypes were monophyletic (O, A, and Asia1), while all SATs serotypes did not evidence a defined common ancestor. Root state posterior probability (RSPP) analysis suggested Belgium as the country of origin for serotype O (RSPP= 0.27). India was the ancestral country for serotypes A (RSPP= 0.28), and Asia-1 (RSPP= 0.34), while Uganda appeared as the most likely origin country of all SAT serotypes (RSPP> 0.45). Furthermore, we identified the key centers of dispersal of the virus, being China, India and Uganda the most important ones. Bayes factor analysis revealed cattle as the major source of the virus for most of the serotypes (RSPP> 0.63), where the most important host-species transition route for serotypes O, A, and Asia1 was from cattle Bos taurus to swine Sus scrofa domesticus (BF>500), while, for SAT serotypes was from B. taurus to African buffalo Syncerus caffer. Conclusions This study provides significant insights into the spatiotemporal dynamics of the global circulation of FMDV serotypes, by characterizing the viral routes of spread at serotype level, especially uncovering the importance of host species for each serotype in the evolution and spread of FMDV which further improve future decisions for more efficient control and eradication.
WITHDRAWN: Outcomes in patients with early stage uterine clear cell carcinoma treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yin Xia , Cheng Jie , Zhang Yi , Chua Chee Wai , Zhou Cheng , Zhuang Guanglei , Di Wen , Corsi Daniel J. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : Uterine clear cell carcinoma (UCCC) is a rare histological type of endometrial cancer with poor prognosis and high risk of tumor relapse. Although adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) and/or radiotherapy (RT) are often recommended for early stage UCCC patients, the effectiveness of these treatment strategies remains unclear. Methods : Systematic review and meta-analysis were applied to evaluate treatment-related outcomes of stage I-II UCCC patients. Search strategy was applied using electronic databases until June 1st, 2019. Inclusion criteria were retrospective, observational and prospective studies that reported outcome of UCCC patients receiving adjuvant therapy. Clinical endpoints like overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers and a meta-analysis was performed. Results : 13 articles with a total of 3967 patients were analyzed. Overall, adjuvant CT after surgery could improve 5 year-OS significantly compared to patients without CT (odds ratio 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58-0.96; p=0.02). In comparison, RT could also improve OS in UCCC patients of early stage (odds ratio 0.58, 95% CI 0.44-0.77; p=0.0002) compared to the patients without RT, especially in US and Europe patients. Lastly, when comparing the patients undergoing both CT and RT with those receiving CT or RT alone, no further improvement in OS was observed (odds ratio 1.12, 95% CI 0.63-1.99; P=0.70). Conclusions : Either CT or RT after surgery could improve the OS of early stage of UCCC patients. However, combinatorial CT and RT treatment did not improve the OS compared with CT or RT treatment alone.
Juvenile diet quality and intensity of sexual conflict in the mite Sancassania berlesei
Authors: Łukasiewicz Aleksandra 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Differing evolutionary interests of males and females may result in sexual conflict, whereby traits or behaviours that are beneficial for male reproductive success (e.g., traits related to male-male competition) are costly for females. Since sexual conflict plays an important role in areas such as speciation, population persistence or evolution of life history traits, understanding what factors modulate the intensity of sexual conflict is important. This study aims to examine juvenile diet quality as one of the underestimated ecological factors that may affect the intensity of sexual conflict via individual conditions. I used food manipulation during the development of the mite Sancassania berlesei to investigate the effects on male reproductive behaviour and competitiveness, male-induced harm to female fitness and female resistance to this harm.Results: Males that were exposed to low-quality food started mating later than the control males, and number of their mating attempts were decreased compared to those of control males. Moreover, males from the low-quality diet treatment sired fewer offspring in a competitive situation than males from the control treatment. However, the fitness of females exposed to males reared on a poor diet did not differ from that of females mated with control males. Furthermore, female diet quality did not alter their resistance to male-induced harm.Conclusion: Overall, diet quality manipulation affected male reproductive behaviour and mating success. However, I found no evidence that the intensity of sexual conflict in S. berlesei depends on male or female conditions. Investigating a broad range of environmental factors will provide a better understanding of sexual conflict dynamics and its feedback into associated evolutionary mechanisms.