bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Termo adequado para feridas resultantes de processos oncológicos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Lopes de Almeida Gabriela , Araújo do Nascimento José William , De Oliveira Souza Marcos Antônio , Galdino dos Santos Barbara Gabriela , Da Silva Lima Roque Geicianfran , Ramos Vieira Santos Isabel Cristina 
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Identificar o termo adequado para as feridas resultantes de processos oncológicos a partir das evidências da literatura. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da evidência cientí­fica. Uma busca foi realizada nos bancos de dados: LILACS, MEDLINE, Scielo e IBECS sobre artigos publicados no perí­odo de 2007 a 2019. Resultados: Foram incluí­dos 18 artigos com desenho de estudos mais frequentes sendo o transversal (n:06). 5 termos foram encontrados, sendo o mais utilizado, "ferida maligna" (n:08). Dentre as caracterí­sticas definidoras das feridas, as mais frequentes foram: mau odor (n:18), exsudato (n:17) e dor (n:17). Quanto í causa destas lesões, a maior frequência dos artigos (n:10) apresentaram a infiltração da pele por câncer primário ou metástase. Conclusão: Apesar de vários termos serem empregados para estas lesões, a causa e as caracterí­sticas definidoras são as mesmas. O termo "ferida maligna" foi identificado como mais adequado, tanto pela frequência de uso como pela semântica.
Synthesis, characterization and comparative anticancer potential of phytosynthesized mono and bimetallic nanoparticles using Moringa oleifera aqueous leaf extract.
Authors: Gupta Shruti , Hemlata Hemlata , Tejavath Kiran Kumar 
Published: August 2020

In this article we bring up facile one-step phytosynthesis of Silver (Ag), Gold (Au) and Ag/Au bimetallic nanoparticles by reduction of Silver nitrate and Tetrachloroauric acid solution, using aqueous leaf extract of Moringa oleifera. Physical characterization was done using different techniques including UV-Visible spectroscopy, FT-IR Spectroscopic Analysis, DLS, Zeta Potential, XRD, TEM and EDAX. These nanoparticles were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) and breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7). Our data suggest these phytosynthesized nanoparticles showed a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on all the cancer cell lines. However, AuNPs is seen to have higher cytotoxic potential with IC50 value in the range of 9.20-21.46µg/ml compared to that of Bimetallic NPs (Ag-Au NPs) with IC50 value of 37.22-49.94µg/ml. Whereas, Silver NPs (AgNPs) didn’t show cytotoxic activity upto 60µg/ml in all the three cell lines for 24hrs. Hence, this study supports the effectiveness of phytosynthesized AuNPs for the development of anticancer agents.
Do the Banks Comply to GRI guidelines for Sustainable Reporting Practices? Empirical Evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas Tanmay , Syed Moudud-Ul-Huq , Chakraborty Brishti , Lima Reshma Pervin , Jahan Shakila 
Published: August 2020

This paper explores the degree and nature of sustainability reporting practices of listed banks in Bangladesh in compliance with the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines. Data are gathered from annual reports through content analysis of 29 banks listed in the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE) for the period between 2011 and 2018. Stakeholder and legitimacy theory is the theoretical perspective underlying the study. The findings of the study revealed that 0% in 2011 and 17.14% in 2018 disclosed sustainability reports in line with GRI. On the other hand, the disclosure of sustainability information trend has increased from 32% in 2011 to 59% in 2018 considering 22 categories of information where most of the banks disclosed the highest information relating to green banking (C7) least information relating to public policy (C19). The major limitations of the study are the size of the sample, only secondary sources of data, and descriptive. This study only involved 29 listed banks in DSE and CSE. The policymakers (Bangladesh Bank, Ministry of finance, commerce, law, and environment), management of the respective organization, the NGOs, and professional accounting bodies can progress to enact and amend corporate laws for effective sustainable reporting design for the public and private entities. This research recognizes the gap of sustainable reporting practices to implement the vision of 5'ps (people, prosperity, partnership, peace, and the planet) according to UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030.
Near-infrared Spectral Characterization of Solar-type Stars in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Lewin Collin D. , Howell Ellen S. , Vervack Ronald J. , Fernández Yanga R. , Magri Christopher , Marshall Sean E. , Crowell Jenna L. , Hinkle Mary L. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Although solar-analog stars have been studied extensively over the past few decades, most of these studies have focused on visible wavelengths, especially those identifying solar-analog stars to be used as calibration tools for observations. As a result, there is a dearth of well-characterized solar analogs for observations in the near-infrared, a wavelength range important for studying solar system objects. We present 184 stars selected based on solar-like spectral type and V−J and V−K colors whose spectra we have observed in the 0.8–4.2 μm range for calibrating our asteroid observations. Each star has been classified into one of three ranks based on spectral resemblance to vetted solar analogs. Of our set of 184 stars, we report 145 as reliable solar-analog stars, 21 as solar analogs usable after spectral corrections with low-order polynomial fitting, and 18 as unsuitable for use as calibration standards owing to spectral shape, variability, or features at low to medium resolution. We conclude that all but five of our candidates are reliable solar analogs in the longer wavelength range from 2.5 to 4.2 μm. The average colors of the stars classified as reliable or usable solar analogs are V−J = 1.148, V−H = 1.418, and V−K = 1.491, with the entire set being distributed fairly uniformly in R.A. across the sky between −27° and +67° in decl.
Infrared Observations of 2I/Borisov near Perihelion
Authors: Lee 李見 Chien-Hsiu 修 , Lin 林省 Hsing-Wen 文 , Chen 陳英 Ying-Tung 同 , Yen 顏聖 Sheng-Feng 峰 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
As the first interstellar comet, 2I/Borisov provides a unique opportunity to study the surface composition of a comet from another stellar system, particularly whether it has water ice. In order to investigate the nature of 2I/Borisov, we conducted infrared observations close to perihelion. The water ice, if present, is expected to be revealed by absorption features at 1.5 and 2 micron. We therefore used FLAMINGOS-2 mounted on the Gemini south telescope, to carry out deep imaging on 2019 November 30 UT and spectroscopy on 2019 December 7 UT. At first glance, our imaging did not reveal an apparent coma or a cometary tail. This is due to the bright sky background and our short exposure times. Nevertheless we were able to put an upper limit of the size of the nucleus, as well as provide high-precision astrometry that can be used to investigate nongravitational acceleration in the future. Our infrared spectra showed a negative slope, contrary to the results by Yang et al. It is not unheard of for a comet to show a negative slope, and to progressively exhibit a spectrum with decreasing slope. Possible causes of the decreasing slope are an increase in water ice and/or decrease in dust size. Given the fact that our observations were carried out close to perihelion, it is likely that both factors contribute to the decreasing, negative slope of the infrared spectrum.
Presupernova Neutrinos: Directional Sensitivity and Prospects for Progenitor Identification
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Mainak , Lunardini Cecilia , Timmes F. X. , Zuber Kai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We explore the potential of current and future liquid scintillator neutrino detectors of

kt mass to localize a presupernova neutrino signal in the sky. In the hours preceding the core collapse of a nearby star (at distance

kpc), tens to hundreds of inverse beta decay events will be recorded, and their reconstructed topology in the detector can be used to estimate the direction to the star. Although the directionality of inverse beta decay is weak (∼8% forward−backward asymmetry for currently available liquid scintillators), we find that for a fiducial signal of 200 events (which is realistic for Betelgeuse), a positional error of ∼60° can be achieved, resulting in the possibility to narrow the list of potential stellar candidates to less than 10, typically. For a configuration with improved forward−backward asymmetry (∼40%, as expected for a lithium-loaded liquid scintillator), the angular sensitivity improves to ∼15°, and—when a distance upper limit is obtained from the overall event rate—it is in principle possible to uniquely identify the progenitor star. Any localization information accompanying an early supernova alert will be useful to multimessenger observations and to particle physics tests using collapsing stars.
Exploring the Acceleration Mechanisms for Particle Injection and Power-law Formation during Transrelativistic Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Kilian Patrick , Li Xiaocan , Guo Fan , Li Hui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Magnetic reconnection in the relativistic and transrelativistic regimes is able to accelerate particles to hard power-law energy spectra f ∝ γ
−p
(approaching p = 1). The underlying acceleration mechanism that determines the spectral shape is currently a topic of intense investigation. By means of fully kinetic plasma simulations, we carry out a study of particle acceleration during magnetic reconnection in the transrelativistic regime of a proton–electron plasma. While earlier work in this parameter regime has focused on the effects of electric field parallel to the local magnetic field on the particle injection (from thermal energy to the lower-energy bound of the power-law spectrum), here we examine the roles of both parallel and perpendicular electric fields to gain a more complete understanding on the injection process and further development of a power-law spectrum. We show that the parallel electric field does contribute significantly to particle injection, and is more important in the initial phase of magnetic reconnection. However, as the simulation proceeds, the acceleration by the perpendicular electric field becomes more important for particle injection and completely dominates the acceleration responsible for the high-energy power-law spectrum. This holds robustly, in particular for longer reconnection times and larger systems, i.e., in simulations that are more indicative of the processes in astrophysical sources.
Reliable Probability Forecast of Solar Flares: Deep Flare Net-Reliable (DeFN-R)
Authors: Nishizuka Naoto , Kubo Yuki , Sugiura Komei , Den Mitsue , Ishii Mamoru 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We developed a reliable probabilistic solar-flare forecasting model using a deep neural network, named Deep Flare Net-Reliable (DeFN-R). The model can predict the maximum classes of flares that occur in the following 24 hr after observing images, along with the event occurrence probability. We detected active regions from 3 × 105 solar images taken during 2010–2015 by Solar Dynamic Observatory and extracted 79 features for each region, which we annotated with flare occurrence labels of X-, M-, and C-classes. The extracted features are the same as used by Nishizuka et al.; for example, line-of-sight/vector magnetograms in the photosphere, brightening in the corona, and the X-ray emissivity 1 and 2 hr before an image. We adopted a chronological split of the database into two for training and testing in an operational setting: the data set in 2010–2014 for training and the one in 2015 for testing. DeFN-R is composed of multilayer perceptrons formed by batch normalizations and skip connections. By tuning optimization methods, DeFN-R was trained to optimize the Brier skill score (BSS). As a result, we achieved BSS = 0.41 for ≥C-class flare predictions and 0.30 for ≥M-class flare predictions by improving the reliability diagram while keeping the relative operating characteristic curve almost the same. Note that DeFN is optimized for deterministic prediction, which is determined with a normalized threshold of 50%. On the other hand, DeFN-R is optimized for a probability forecast based on the observation event rate, whose probability threshold can be selected according to users’ purposes.
Unveiling the Hierarchical Structure of Open Star Clusters: The Perseus Double Cluster
Authors: Yu 余 Heng 恒 , Shao 邵 Zhengyi 正义 , Diaferio Antonaldo , Li 李 Lu 璐 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We introduce a new kinematic method to investigate the structure of open star clusters. We adopt a hierarchical clustering algorithm that uses the celestial coordinates and the proper motions of the stars in the field of view of the cluster to estimate a proxy of the pairwise binding energy of the stars and arrange them in a binary tree. The cluster substructures and their members are identified by trimming the tree at two thresholds, according to the σ-plateau method. Testing the algorithm on 100 mock catalogs shows that, on average, the membership of the identified clusters is (91.5 ± 3.5)% complete and the fraction of unrelated stars is (10.4 ± 2.0)%. We apply the algorithm to the stars in the field of view of the Perseus double cluster from the Data Release 2 of Gaia. This approach identifies a single structure, Sub1, that separates into two substructures, Sub1-1 and Sub1-2. These substructures coincide with h Per and χ Per: the distributions of the proper motions and the color–magnitude diagrams of the members of Sub1-1 and Sub1-2 are fully consistent with those of h Per and χ Per reported in the literature. These results suggest that our hierarchical clustering algorithm can be a powerful tool to unveil the complex kinematic information of star clusters.
Using the “Ghost Front” to Predict the Arrival Time and Speed of CMEs at Venus and Earth
Authors: Chi Yutian , Scott Christopher , Shen Chenglong , Owens Mathew , Lang Matthew , Xu Mengjiao , Zhong Zhihui , Zhang Jie , Wang Yuming , Lockwood Mike 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Using in situ measurements and remote-sensing observations, we study two coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that left the Sun on 2012 June 13–14 and impacted both Venus and Earth while the planets were in close radial alignment. The two CMEs generate multiple fronts in Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO)/Heliospheric Imager (HI) images, which can also be observed in the “J-map” as bifurcated features. We present the “ghost front” model to combine remote observations from STEREO/SECCHI and in situ observations from the Wind and Venus Express (VEX) spacecraft, and to derive the kinematics and propagation directions of the CMEs. By fitting the observations of multiple fronts to a kinematically evolving flux rope model and assuming the CMEs undergo deceleration through frictional drag with a steady-state solar wind, we confirm that the outer and inner fronts of the CMEs as detected in HI images are consistent with peaks in Thomson scattered light returned from the flank and nose of a single front for each CME. An interaction takes place between CME-1 and CME-2 that can be observed in the HI-1 field of view (FOV) before CME-1 encounters Venus. The multipoint in situ observations of the shock–CME interaction event serve as further evidence of the interaction between CMEs. The arrival times calculated from the ghost front model are within 2.5 hr of those observed at VEX and Wind. Our analysis indicates that ghost fronts could provide information about the longitudinally extended shape of the CME in the FOV of HI-1, which can be used to improve the forecast of interplanetary CME arrival time at Earth.
Un réseau épistolaire dans la tourmente des intrigues politiques : Gerbert d’Aurillac et ses correspondants au cœur de la lutte pour le pouvoir entre Ottoniens, Carolingiens et Capétiens (984–989)
Authors: Cousin Michaël 
Published: August 2020

Lors de la préparation de l’édition de son corpus épistolaire, Gerbert d’Aurillac retrancha 28 lettres compromettantes de son corpus initial. Ces lettres, principalement rédigées entre 984 et 987, lors des crises de succession aux trônes de l’Empire germanique et de Francie occidentale, témoignent du « triple jeu » de Gerbert et d’Adalbéron de Reims dans la lutte pour le pouvoir alors engagée entre les Ottoniens, les Carolingiens et les Capétiens. Mais, plus encore, ces lettres confidentielles constituent le canevas d’un réseau épistolaire impliqué dans les intrigues politiques de cette époque charnière dans la redéfinition des équilibres dynastiques continentaux. De par son contenu et les liens qu’il crée entre Gerbert et ses correspondants, ce corpus épistolaire constitue un témoignage unique sur les origines, la composition, l’organisation, la structure, la configuration et les stratégies d’un réseau épistolaire au cœur d’une crise politique. Surtout, son étude permet de saisir les bouleversements (désistements, ralliements, définition d’une nouvelle stratégie, …) qui l’impactent au gré des soubresauts de la crise. Enfin, l’étude est l’occasion de faire le point sur le devenir de ce réseau épistolaire après l’avènement d’une nouvelle dynastie.
Les échanges épistolaires professionnels et privés d’un procureur de Dijon au xv e siècle
Authors: Becchia Cécile 
Published: August 2020

Une soixantaine de courriers et minutes, vestiges de l’activité professionnelle et personnelle d’un procureur municipal de Dijon ( xv e siècle), ont échu aux archives de la ville. Une première série d’échanges, avec ses interlocuteurs du Parlement de Paris, a trait au suivi des affaires en cours et accompagne la circulation des pièces juridiques et le versement de gages, mais laisse aussi transparaître des développements intimes et la circulation de cadeaux. D’autres envois adressés à la mairie lors de ses déplacements à Paris ou à la cour permettent de saisir habitudes de travail et mobilisation de réseaux d’intermédiation. Un exil temporaire, lié à un épisode de peste, ainsi que sa relation à son fils ouvrent la porte de son hôtel et de la vie familiale. Les derniers moments du procureur vieilli sont eux aussi entourés de tractations épistolaires entre la ville et le pouvoir ducal, qui tente d’imposer un successeur de son choix.
La filière maïs en Haïti dans une analyse de compétitivité par rapport au maïs moulu importé : une approche plurielle avec enjeux de croissance de consommation et production du maïs local
Authors: Daméus Alix , Valcin Rival 
Published: August 2020

Plusieurs marchés agricoles ont été libéralisés en Haïti après 1986, parmi lesquels celui du maïs moulu qui est un produit important dans la consommation locale. Cette libéralisation met en présence sur les marchés du pays du maïs moulu local et du maïs moulu importé qui semblent entrer en concurrence par rapport à la demande du consommateur basée, entre autres, sur les prix et certains attributs physiques des produits qui sont deux éléments de compétitivité de produit pour un consommateur. Sachant qu’un produit local peu compétitif sur le marché aura une faible demande et par conséquent une faible production à l’échelle nationale, nous avons analysé sur certains marchés, dans le cas d’Haïti, la compétitivité du maïs moulu local par rapport à deux marques de maïs moulu importé (Gourmet, importé des États-Unis au moment de l’enquête et Gradoro, importé de la République dominicaine). Cette compétitivité a été analysée du point de vue du prix au bout de la filière et payé par le consommateur et sur la base d’éléments autres que le prix (hors-prix) se rapportant à la qualité des produits comme perçue par le consommateur. Les résultats ont montré que le maïs moulu local haïtien est compétitif du point de vue prix par rapport aux deux marques de maïs moulu importé (Gourmet et Gradoro) sur tous les marchés concernés par l’étude. Cependant, du point de vue hors-prix ou mieux sur la base d’appréciation de qualité par les consommateurs, le maïs moulu local est plus compétitif par rapport à celui importé de marque Gourmet sur tous les marchés situés au plus à 120 km du centre de production (Kans, au Sud-Ouest du pays), mais pas sur les marchés proches du centre d’importation (Port-au-Prince) et situés au plus à 40 km de cette ville, la capitale du pays. Il n’y a pas d’évidence que le maïs moulu local est plus apprécié sur les places de marché que la marque Gradoro importée de la République dominicaine. De plus, le maïs moulu local et celui importé (Gourmet et Gradoro) ne sont pas des produits substituables sur tous les marchés considérés.
Collagen Density Modulates the Immunosuppressive Functions of Macrophages
Authors: Larsen Anne Mette H. , Kuczek Dorota E. , Kalvisa Adrija , Siersbæk Majken S. , Thorseth Marie-Louise , Johansen Astrid Z. , Carretta Marco , Grøntved Lars , Vang Ole , Madsen Daniel H. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) support tumor growth by suppressing the activity of tumor-infiltrating T cells. Consistently, TAMs are considered a major limitation for the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. However, the molecular reason behind the acquisition of an immunosuppressive TAM phenotype is not fully clarified. During tumor growth, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is degraded and substituted with a tumor-specific collagen-rich ECM. The collagen density of this tumor ECM has been associated with poor patient prognosis but the reason for this is not well understood. In this study, we investigated whether the collagen density could modulate the immunosuppressive activity of TAMs. The murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 was three-dimensionally cultured in collagen matrices of low and high collagen densities mimicking healthy and tumor tissue, respectively. Collagen density did not affect proliferation or viability of the macrophages. However, whole-transcriptome analysis revealed a striking response to the surrounding collagen density, including the regulation of immune regulatory genes and genes encoding chemokines. These transcriptional changes were shown to be similar in murine bone marrow–derived macrophages and TAMs isolated from murine tumors. Strikingly, coculture assays with primary T cells showed that macrophages cultured in high-density collagen were less efficient at attracting cytotoxic T cells and capable of inhibiting T cell proliferation more than macrophages cultured in low-density collagen. Our study demonstrates that a high collagen density can instruct macrophages to acquire an immunosuppressive phenotype. This mechanism could reduce the efficacy of immunotherapy and explain the link between high collagen density and poor prognosis.