bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of SUNCT/SUNA, Paroxysmal Hemicrania, and Hemicrania Continua: An Update Including Single-Arm Meta-analyses
Authors: Stubberud Anker , Tronvik Erling , Matharu Manjit 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review presents a critical appraisal of the treatment strategies for short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks (SUNHA), paroxysmal hemicrania (PH), and hemicrania continua (HC). We assess the available, though sparse, evidence on both medical and surgical treatments. In addition, we present estimated pooled analyses of the most common treatments and emphasize recent promising findings.Recent FindingsThe majority of literature available on the treatment of these rare trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias are small open-label observational studies and case reports. Pooled analyses reveal that lamotrigine for SUNHA and indomethacin for PH and HC are the preventative treatments of choice. Second-line choices include topiramate, gabapentin, and carbamazepine for SUNHA; verapamil for PH; and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and gabapentin for HC. Parenteral lidocaine is highly effective as a transitional treatment for SUNHA. Novel therapeutic strategies such as non-invasive neurostimulation, targeted nerve and ganglion blockades, and invasive neurostimulation, including implanted occipital nerve stimulators and deep brain stimulation, appears to be promising options.SummaryAt present, lamotrigine as a prophylactic and parenteral lidocaine as transitional treatment remain the therapies of choice for SUNHA. While, by definition, both PH and CH respond exquisitely to indomethacin, evidence for other prophylactics is less convincing. Evidence for the novel emerging therapies is limited, though promising.
Pseudohypoparathyroidism, acrodysostosis, progressive osseous heteroplasia: different names for the same spectrum of diseases?
Authors: Elli Francesca Marta , Mantovani Giovanna 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP), the first known post-receptorial hormone resistance, derives from a partial deficiency of the α subunit of the stimulatory G protein (Gsα), a key component of the PTH/PTHrP signaling pathway. Since its first description, different studies unveiled, beside the molecular basis for PHP, the existence of different subtypes and of diseases in differential diagnosis associated with genetic alterations in other genes of the PTH/PTHrP pathway. The clinical and molecular overlap among PHP subtypes and with different but related disorders make both differential diagnosis and genetic counseling challenging. Recently, a proposal to group all these conditions under the novel term “inactivating PTH/PTHrP signaling disorders (iPPSD)” was promoted and, soon afterwards, the first international consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of these disorders has been published. This review will focus on the major and minor features characterizing PHP/iPPSDs as a group and on the specificities as well as the overlap associated with the most frequent subtypes.
APASL practical recommendations for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma in the era of COVID-19
Authors: Shiina Shuichiro , Gani Rino A. , Yokosuka Osamu , Maruyama Hitoshi , Nagamatsu Hiroaki , Payawal Diana Alcantara , Dokmeci A. Kadir , Lesmana Laurentius A. , Tanwandee Tawesak , Lau George , Sarin Shiv Kumar , Omata Masao 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundCOVID-19 has been giving the devastating impact on the current medical care system. There are quite many guidelines on COVID-19, but only a few on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during COVID-19 pandemic.AimsWe develop these recommendations to preserve adequate clinical practice for the management of HCC.MethodsExperts of HCC in the Asia–Pacific region exchanged opinions via webinar, and these recommendations were formed.ResultsClose contact should be minimized to reduce possible exposure of both medical staff and patients to the novel coronavirus. To prevent transmission of the virus, meticulous hygiene measures are important. With the decrease in regular medical service, the medical staff may be mobilized to provide COVID-19-related patient care. However, diagnosis and treatment of HCC should not be delayed because of COVID-19 pandemic. The management of HCC should be the same as in non-pandemic circumstances. HCC is highly malignant, thus it is recommended not to delay curative treatment such as surgery and ablation. However, a kind of triage is necessary even among patients with HCC when resources are insufficient for all to be treated. Curative treatments should be periodized and cytoreductive or non-curative treatment such as vascular interventions and systemic therapy may be postponed until it can be performed safely with sufficient resources. For patients with confirmed or suspected to be infected with the novel coronavirus, diagnosis and treatment should be postponed until the virus is eliminated or they are confirmed as not being infected with it.ConclusionsThese are collection of measures implemented by front-line medical professionals. We would evolve these recommendations over time as more real-world data becomes available.
The role of host phenology for parasite transmission
Authors: MacDonald Hannelore , Akçay Erol , Brisson Dustin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPhenology is a fundamental determinant of species distributions, abundances, and interactions. In host–parasite interactions, host phenology can affect parasite fitness due to the temporal constraints it imposes on host contact rates. However, it remains unclear how parasite transmission is shaped by the wide range of phenological patterns observed in nature. We develop a mathematical model of the Lyme disease system to study the consequences of differential tick developmental-stage phenology for the transmission ofB. burgdorferi. Incorporating seasonal tick activity can increaseB. burgdorferifitness compared to continuous tick activity but can also prevent transmission completely.B. burgdorferifitness is greatest when the activity period of the infectious nymphal stage slightly precedes the larval activity period. Surprisingly,B. burgdorferiis eradicated if the larval activity period begins long after the end of nymphal activity due to a feedback with mouse population dynamics. These results highlight the importance of phenology, a common driver of species interactions, for the fitness of a parasite.
NMR resonance assignments of the FinO-domain of the RNA chaperone RocC
Authors: Eidelpes Reiner , Kim Hyeong Jin , Glover J. N. Mark , Tollinger Martin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn prokaryotic species, gene expression is commonly regulated by small, non-coding RNAs (sRNAs). In the gram-negative bacterium Legionella pneumophila, the regulatory, trans-acting sRNA molecule RocR base pairs with a complementary sequence in the 5’-untranslated region of mRNAs encoding for proteins in the bacterial DNA uptake system, thereby controlling natural competence. Sense-antisense duplexing of RocR with targeted mRNAs is mediated by the recently described RNA chaperone RocC. RocC contains a 12 kDa FinO-domain, which acts as sRNA binding platform, along with an extended C-terminal segment that is predicted to be mostly disordered but appears to be required for repression of bacterial competence. In this work we assigned backbone and side chain 1H, 13C, and 15N chemical shifts of RocC’s FinO-domain by solution NMR spectroscopy. The chemical shift data for this protein indicate a mixed α/β fold that is reminiscent of FinO from Escherichia coli. Our NMR resonance assignments provide the basis for a comprehensive analysis of RocC’s chaperoning mechanism on a structural level.
Current status of radioligand therapy and positron-emission tomography with prostate-specific membrane antigen
Authors: Inubushi Masayuki , Miura Hiroyuki , Kuji Ichiei , Ito Kimiteru , Minamimoto Ryogo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractProstate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a transmembrane glycoprotein highly expressed by prostate cancer cells. PSMA-based radioligand therapy (RLT) emerged as a promising therapeutic option for prostate cancer in the early 2000s, and has been clinically validated with great enthusiasm during these past two decades. Last year, the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) published the procedure guidelines for the safe clinical practice of Lutetium-177 (177Lu)-labelled PSMA RLT. In addition, PSMA RLT with alpha-ray-emitting radioisotopes has been also developed recently. Following the clinical use of 177Lu-PSMA RLT, PSMA-targeted positron-emission tomography (PET) with Gallium-68 (68Ga) has been performed inevitably for “theranostics” for the last decade; prostate cancer is going to be treated with PSMA-RLT based on the diagnosis by PSMA-PET. Furthermore, the diagnostic usefulness of 68Ga-PSMA PET has been documented in various diseases beyond prostate cancer more recently. Regrettably, Japan is behind European countries and the United States in this field, and has just made a belated start of their clinical trials. In this review article, we briefly overviewed the current status of PSMA RLT and PSMA PET. We hope that this topic will be a particular focus of attention for most ANM readers in Japan, and that our efforts will help to facilitate the early approval of PSMA RLT and PSMA PET by the Japanese government even if only slightly.
Third-order nonlocal elasticity in buckling and vibration of functionally graded nanoplates on Winkler-Pasternak media
Authors: Cutolo A. , Mallardo V. , Fraldi M. , Ruocco E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe focus of the present work is to present an analytical approach for buckling and free vibrations analysis of thick functionally graded nanoplates embedded in a Winkler-Pasternak medium. The equations of motion are derived according to both the third-order shear deformation theory, proposed by Reddy, and the nonlocal elasticity Eringen's model. For the first time, the equations are solved analytically for plates with two simply supported opposite edges, the solutions also turning helpful as shape functions in the analysis of structures with more complex geometries and boundary conditions. Sensitivity analyses are finally performed to highlight the role of nonlocal parameters, aspect and side-to-thickness ratios, boundary conditions, and functionally graded material properties in the overall response of plates and cylindrical shells. It is felt that the proposed strategy could be usefully adopted as benchmark solutions in numerical routines as well as for predicting some unexpected behaviors, for instance, in terms of buckling load, in thick nanoplates on elastic foundations.
Two decades of aortic coarctation treatment in children; evaluating techniques
Authors: Dijkema E. J. , Dik L. , Breur J. M. P. , Sieswerda G. T. , Haas F. , Slieker M. G. , Schoof P. H. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objective
This study focuses on the evolution of treatment techniques for aortic coarctation in children and assesses long-term morbidity.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study evaluates patients treated for native aortic coarctation, with at least 7 years of follow-up. To assess time-related changes, three time periods were distinguished according to year of primary intervention (era 1, 2 and 3). Operative and long-term follow-up data were collected by patient record reviews.

Results
The study population consisted of 206 patients (177 surgical and 29 catheter-based interventions), with a median follow-up of 151 months. Anterior approach with simultaneous repair of aortic arch and associated cardiac lesions was more common in the most recent era. Median age at intervention did not change over time. Reintervention was necessary in one third of the cohort with an event-free survival of 74% at 5‑year and 68% at 10-year follow-up. Reintervention rates were significantly higher after catheter-based interventions compared with surgical interventions (hazard ratio [HR] 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–3.00, p = 0.04) and in patients treated before 3 months of age (HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.27–3.55, p = 0.003). Hypertension was present in one out of five patients.

Conclusion
Nowadays, complex patients with associated cardiac defects and arch hypoplasia are being treated surgically on bypass, whereas catheter-based intervention is introduced for non-complex patients. Reintervention is common and more frequent after catheter-based intervention and in surgery under 3 months of age. One fifth of the 206 patients remained hypertensive.
Plants Used as Antihypertensive
Authors: Verma Tarawanti , Sinha Manish , Bansal Nitin , Yadav Shyam Raj , Shah Kamal , Chauhan Nagendra Singh 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHypertension is a critical health problem and worse other cardiovascular diseases. It is mainly of two types: Primary or essential hypertension and Secondary hypertension. Hypertension is the primary possibility feature for coronary heart disease, stroke and renal vascular disease. Herbal medicines have been used for millions of years for the management and treatment of hypertension with minimum side effects. Over aim to write this review is to collect information on the anti-hypertensive effects of natural herbs in animal studies and human involvement as well as to recapitulate the underlying mechanisms, from the bottom of cell culture andex-vivotissue data. According to WHO, natural herbs/shrubs are widely used in increasing order to treat almost all the ailments of the human body. Plants are the regular industrial units for the invention of chemical constituents, they used as immunity booster to enhance the natural capacity of the body to fight against different health problems as well as herbal medicines and food products also. Eighty percent population of the world (around 5.6 billion people) consume medicines from natural plants for major health concerns. This review provides a bird’s eye analysis primarily on the traditional utilization, phytochemical constituents and pharmacological values of medicinal herbs used to normalize hypertensioni.e. Hibiscus sabdariffa,Allium sativum, Andrographis paniculata, Apium graveolens, Bidenspilosa, Camellia sinensis, Coptis chinensis, Coriandrum sativum, Crataegusspp.,Crocus sativus, Cymbopogon citrates, Nigella sativa, Panax ginseng,Salviaemiltiorrhizae, Zingiber officinale, Tribulus terrestris, Rauwolfiaserpentina, Terminalia arjunaetc.Graphic Abstract
Polyarteritis nodosa with perirenal hematoma due to the rupture of a renal artery aneurysm
Authors: Miyagawa Taro , Iwata Yasunori , Oshima Megumi , Ogura Hisayuki , Sato Koichi , Nakagawa Shiori , Yamamura Yuta , Kitajima Shinji , Toyama Tadashi , Hara Akinori , Kokubo Satoshi , Sakai Norihiko , Shimizu Miho , Furuichi Kengo , Wada Takashi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe present the case of a 67-year-old man in good health with perirenal hematoma due to a ruptured arterial aneurysm in the kidney. The patient developed weight loss, muscle weakness, multiple mononeuropathy, hypertension, anemia, renal insufficiency, and multiple lacuna infarctions about a month ago. He was admitted to the hospital due to worsening of his symptom. After admission, severe right-flank pain suddenly occurred; he was then transferred to our hospital. Renal angiography revealed bilateral multiple microaneurysms, and the patient was diagnosed with polyarteritis nodosa based on the clinical, radiographic, and histological findings. We performed selective coil embolization to the ruptured aneurysm and administered oral prednisolone along with intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy. Cyclophosphamide pulse therapy was also given. The treatment improved clinical and laboratory findings and achieved clinical remission. Selective coil embolization to the bleeding aneurysm of polyarteritis nodosa was minimally invasive and promptly effective. Immunosuppressants proved useful in the regulation of disease activity and the aneurysm.
Evolution of real area of contact due to combined normal load and sub-surface straining in sheet metal
Authors: Shisode Meghshyam , Hazrati Javad , Mishra Tanmaya , de Rooij Matthijn , van den Boogaard Ton 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUnderstanding asperity flattening is vital for a reliable macro-scale modeling of friction and wear. In sheet metal forming processes, sheet surface asperities are deformed due to contact forces between the tools and the workpiece. In addition, as the sheet metal is strained while retaining the normal load, the asperity deformation increases significantly. Deformation of the asperities determines the real area of contact which influences the friction and wear at the tool-sheet metal contact. The real area of contact between two contacting rough surfaces depends on type of loading, material behavior, and topography of the contacting surfaces. In this study, an experimental setup is developed to investigate the effect of a combined normal load and sub-surface strain on real area of contact. Uncoated and zinc coated steel sheets (GI) with different coating thicknesses, surface topographies, and substrate materials are used in the experimental study. Finite element (FE) analyses are performed on measured surface profiles to further analyze the behavior observed in the experiments and to understand the effect of surface topography, and coating thickness on the evolution of the real area of contact. Finally, an analytical model is presented to determine the real area contact under combined normal load and sub-surface strain. The results show that accounting for combined normal load and sub-surface straining effects is necessary for accurate predictions of the real area of contact.
Academic integrity and the implementation of the honour code in the clinical training of undergraduate dental students
Authors: Raman Vidya , Ramlogan Shaun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Educational pressures such as challenging workload, demanding deadlines and competitiveness among undergraduate dental students erode academic integrity in clinical training. The implementation of honour codes have been associated with the reduction in academic dishonesty.
An action research was undertaken to investigate and foster academic integrity through creative pedagogical strategies and the implementation of an honour code within the undergraduate dental programme.
Students reported the honour code as relevant (86.3%) and it encouraged (> 92%) the five investigated fundamental values of academic integrity (International Centre of Academic Integrity). The students also favoured (86.3%) the annual implementation of the honour code. The creative pedagogical strategy facilitated a change in perception on academic integrity in the clinical scenarios sessions. Most students (85.7%) showed changes in perception of academic integrity. The majority of students’ narratives/responses were positive and the emerging subthemes also espoused the five out of the six ICAI fundamental values of academic integrity. Students indicated the need for inclusion of academic integrity education within the curriculum. They felt that staff also should be guided by an academic integrity policy.
Implementation of an honour code coupled with creative pedagogical strategies helped to foster understanding and appreciation for academic integrity. Conversely the honour code implementation was more effective due to the use of supportive creative pedagogical strategies on academic integrity. It is still undetermined whether these change in perception impacted on clinical practice during training and post-graduation.
Prestress state evolution during thermal activation of memory effect in concrete beams strengthened with external SMA wires
Authors: Debska A. , Gwozdziewicz Piotr , Seruga A. , Balandraud X. , Destrebecq J. F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe memory effect of shape-memory alloys (SMAs) has opened interesting perspectives to create prestress states in concrete elements. However, the procedure has not been yet fully resolved due to the complex thermomechanical behavior of these alloys, in addition to the practical difficulties of mechanical coupling between SMA and concrete elements. The present study deals with tests on the development of prestressing forces in concrete beams during the thermal cycle required in the procedure. Pre-stretched nickel–titanium wires were externally placed on concrete prismatic beams equipped with strain gauges. As concrete rupture may occur during the heating by the Joule effect, a compromise must be found between the SMA pre-stretch level and the maximum temperature to be applied before returning to ambient temperature. A macroscopic model was developed to analyze this compromise. The complex thermomechanical response of SMAs implies a particular attention in the definition of the ambient temperature and heating conditions for the creation of prestress states in concrete components.
Results of a World Health Organization Scoping of Sexual Dysfunction–Related Guidelines: What Exists and What Is Needed
Authors: Gonsalves Lianne , Cottler-Casanova Sara , VanTreeck Kelly , Say Lale 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Sexual dysfunction has long been overlooked in the broader context of sexual and reproductive health services. As a result, and in the absence of international sexual dysfunction treatment guidelines, recommendations have instead been developed by a variety of professional associations, worldwide.

Aim
We conducted a mapping of existing recommendations addressing a wide array of conditions related to sexual function/dysfunction.

Methods
We contacted 25 professional associations from around the world and held an online open call for guidelines.

Outcomes
Eligible submissions had to provide recommendations on treatment related to male or female sexual dysfunction.

Results
Twelve guidelines from 11 associations were included. Of the 195 recommendations extracted, 61% were related to men, 53% were related specifically to treatment, and 48% did some form of evidence assessment.

Conclusion
Recommendations from this exercise are provided for WHO, international and national research institutions, ministries of health, and professional associations.
Deep learning model to reconstruct 3D cityscapes by generating depth maps from omnidirectional images and its application to visual preference prediction
Authors: Takizawa Atsushi , Kinugawa Hina 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe developed a method to generate omnidirectional depth maps from corresponding omnidirectional images of cityscapes by learning each pair of an omnidirectional and a depth map, created by computer graphics, using pix2pix. Models trained with different series of images, shot under different site and sky conditions, were applied to street view images to generate depth maps. The validity of the generated depth maps was then evaluated quantitatively and visually. In addition, we conducted experiments to evaluate Google Street View images using multiple participants. We constructed a model that predicts the preference label of these images with and without the generated depth maps using the classification method with deep convolutional neural networks for general rectangular images and omnidirectional images. The results demonstrate the extent to which the generalization performance of the cityscape preference prediction model changes depending on the type of convolutional models and the presence or absence of generated depth maps.