bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversibility of delirium in Ill‐hospitalized cancer patients: Does underlying etiology matter?
Authors: Matsuda Yoshinobu , Maeda Isseki , Morita Tatsuya , Yamauchi Toshihiro , Sakashita Akihiro , Watanabe Hiroaki , Kaneishi Keisuke , Amano Koji , Iwase Satoru , Ogawa Asao , Yoshiuchi Kazuhiro ,   on behalf of the Phase‐R Delirium Study Group
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study was to explore the underlying etiologies associated with the resolution and improvement of delirium in ill‐hospitalized cancer patients.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of a multicenter, prospective, observational study to estimate the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy for delirium. Participants were cancer patients with delirium. We assessed the Delirium Rating Scale, Revised‐98 (DRS‐R98) severity scale score at baseline and three days after pharmacotherapy initiation. Delirium resolution was defined as a DRS‐R98 severity scale score ≤9, and improvement was defined as ≥50% reduction at Day 3.ResultsWe enrolled 566 patients (491 patients had performance status of 3 or 4). The resolution and improvement rates in all patients were 22.6% and 19.3%, respectively. Univariate analysis determined that nonrespiratory infection (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.38‐3.45) was significantly associated with greater resolution, while dehydration (0.40, 0.19‐0.87), organic damage to the central nervous system (CNS) (0.32, 0.43‐0.72), hypoxia (0.25, 0.12‐0.52), and hyponatremia (0.34, 0.12‐0.97) were significantly associated with no resolution. Potential causes associated with delirium improvement were nonrespiratory infection (1.93, 1.19‐3.13), organic damage to the CNS (0.40, 0.18‐1.90), and hypoxia (0.32, 0.16‐0.65). After multivariate analysis, dehydration (0.34, 0.15‐0.76), organic damage to the CNS (0.25, 0.10‐0.60), and hypoxia (0.29, 0.14‐0.61) were significantly associated with no resolution.ConclusionsDelirium caused by nonrespiratory infection may be reversible, while delirium associated with dehydration, organic damage to the CNS, hypoxia, or hyponatremia seems to be irreversible in ill‐hospitalized cancer patients.
Metastatic patterns and survival outcomes in patients with stage IV colon cancer: A population‐based analysis
Authors: Wang Jiwei , Li Song , Liu Yanna , Zhang Chunquan , Li Honglang , Lai Bin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe goal of this study was to delineate the patterns of distant metastasis from colon adenocarcinoma (CAC) and evaluate the survival differences by metastatic patterns.MethodsUsing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, we extracted patients diagnosed with stage IV CAC between 2010 and 2016. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves were plotted with log‐rank tests to compare overall survival (OS) of patients with different metastatic patterns. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the effects of different metastatic patterns on survival outcomes in terms of OS and disease‐specific survival (DSS).ResultsA total of 26 170 patients were analyzed. The 3‐ and 5‐year OS were 20.7% and 10.5%, respectively, for patients with stage IV CAC. The most common distant metastatic site was the liver, followed by the lung, bone, and brain, but the frequency differed greatly by histology subtypes. The site of metastasis was a significant prognostic factor for OS and DSS in patients with stage IV CAC, independent of the number of metastatic sites and other clinical and demographic prognostic factors. Using liver‐only metastasis as reference, lung‐only metastasis was associated with better OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.71‐0.94) and DSS (HR = 0.75, 95% CI, 0.64‐0.88). Older age, black race, unmarried status, grade III/IV tumors, advanced tumor‐node‐metastasis (TNM) stage, proximal colon, elevated preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), no surgery of the primary site, and no chemotherapy were independent predictors of poor OS.ConclusionsThe site of distant metastasis and number of metastasis site were independent prognostic factors for survival of patients with stage IV CAC. This study highlights the need for diverse treatment strategies for patients with different metastatic patterns.
An evaluation of the effectiveness and acceptability of a new technology system to support psychotherapy helping skills training
Authors: Murphy David , Liao Faith , Slovak Petr , Holle Lisa-Marie , Jackson Dan , Olivier Patrick , Fitzpatrick Geraldine 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTraining counselling and psychotherapy skills using new technology is a relatively unresearched area of study. The findings from a pilot evaluation of the effectiveness and acceptability of a new technology, mPath, using a mixed method design are reported. The study found that progressive integration of the new mPath technology into learning helping skills had the best results on developing competency, as assessed by the Person‐Centred Experiential Psychotherapy Scale Training Version. Qualitative interviews showed the technology was acceptable to users. Further research is needed in this emerging field of deliberate practice.
Ergometrine for postpartum hemorrhage and associated myocardial ischemia: Two case reports and a review of the literature
Authors: Spencer Stuart P. E. , Lowe Sandra A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractErgometrine is recommended for use in the medical treatment of postpartum hemorrhage. Ergometrine can occasionally precipitate myocardial ischemia in the setting of significant anemia in women without preexisting cardiac risk factors, and it is important to recognize and treat myocardial ischemia in affected patients to prevent severe complications.
Experimental and Theoretical Insights of MoS2/Mo3N2 Nanoribbon‐Electrocatalysts for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Tan Junbin , Mei Yahui , Shen Hangjia , Liu Honghong , Azhagan Tamil , Song Weiyu , Thomas Tiju , Liu Jian , Yang Minghui , Gao Manglai 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMoS2 is a promising material for electrocatalysis and opens up avenues for the development of non‐precious metal electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic media. However, the activity of MoS2 has been severely impeded because of its inferior conductivity. Herein, a nanoribbon‐like MoS2/Mo3N2 hybrid is successfully fabricated via partial sulfidation of Mo3N2 in H2S atmosphere. The synergistic effect between the high intrinsic activity of MoS2 and the desirable conductivity of Mo3N2 contributes to the overpotential at the current density of 10 mA cm−2 (η10) of 196 mV towards hydrogen evolution, distinctively lower than Mo3N2 (467 mV) and MoS2 (293 mV). The theoretical simulation discloses that the Gibbs free‐energy for the adsorption of atomic hydrogen (|ΔGH*|) for MoS2/Mo3N2 is less than that of others, and thus facilitating the hydrogen evolution.
Human interaction with automated aids: Implications for robo‐advisors
Authors: Bartlett Megan L. , McCarley Jason S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRobo‐advisors, a type of automated decision aid, offer consumers a cost‐efficient alternative to traditional financial advisory services. Because aids do not always produce correct judgments, however, users may fail to act appropriately on their advice. To anticipate and protect against suboptimal aid use, designers need to understand the variables that influence automation trust and dependence, including the operators' inherent biases, and the characteristics of the automated system itself. This paper reviews the literature on human interaction with decision aids, aiming to inform the design of robo‐advisory platforms.
Der tägliche Triathlon des Betriebsingenieurs
Authors: Woppowa Ljuba 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDie VDI‐Jahrestreffen der Betriebsingenieure haben sich als strategische Netzwerktreffen zum Austausch über aktuelle Themen und Trends etabliert. Die Jahrestreffen fassen die im laufenden Jahr geleistete Arbeit in den sechs Regionalgruppen des VDI‐Fachber
Ausgezeichnetes Design
Authors: Lang Ursula , Engelke Nils 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFlottweg SE gehört zu den führenden Herstellern von Dekantern, Separatoren und Bandpressen. Um die Bedienung der Anlagen und Maschinen möglichst benutzerfreundlich zu gestalten, ging das Unternehmen für einen Anlagenbauer ungewöhnliche Wege: Flottweg entw
Overlapping morphological and functional properties between M4 and M5 intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells
Authors: Sonoda Takuma , Okabe Yudai , Schmidt Tiffany M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMultiple retinal ganglion cell (RGC) types in the mouse retina mediate pattern vision by responding to specific features of the visual scene. The M4 and M5 melanopsin‐expressing, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) subtypes are two RGC types that are thought to play major roles in pattern vision. The M4 ipRGCs overlap in population with ON‐alpha RGCs, while M5 ipRGCs were recently reported to exhibit opponent responses to different wavelengths of light (color opponency). Despite their seemingly distinct roles in visual processing, previous reports have suggested that these two populations may exhibit overlap in their morphological and functional properties, which calls into question whether these are in fact distinct RGC types. Here, we show that M4 and M5 ipRGCs are distinct morphological classes of ipRGCs, but they cannot be exclusively differentiated based on color opponency and dendritic morphology as previously reported. Instead, we find that M4 and M5 ipRGCs can only be distinguished based on soma size and the number of dendritic branch points in combination with SMI‐32 immunoreactivity. These results have important implications for clearly defining RGC types and their roles in visual behavior.
Proposed Therapeutic Range of Treosulfan in Reduced Toxicity Pediatric Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Conditioning: Results From a Prospective Trial
Authors: Chiesa Robert , Standing Joseph F. , Winter Robert , Nademi Zohreh , Chu Jan , Pinner Danielle , Kloprogge Frank , McLellen Susan , Amrolia Persis J. , Rao Kanchan , Lucchini Giovanna , Silva Juliana , Ciocarlie Oana , Lazareva Arina , Gennery Andrew R. , Doncheva Bilyana , Cant Andrew J. , Hambleton Sophie , Flood Terence , Rogerson Elizabeth , Devine Kirsty , Prunty Helen , Heales Simon , Veys Paul , Slatter Mary 
Published: November 2019

Treosulfan is given off‐label in pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. This study investigated treosulfan's pharmacokinetics (PKs), efficacy, and safety in a prospective trial. Pediatric patients (n = 87) receiving treosulfan‐fludarabine conditioning were followed for at least 1 year posttransplant. PKs were described with a two‐compartment model. During follow‐up, 11 of 87 patients died and 12 of 87 patients had low engraftment (≤ 20% myeloid chimerism). For each increase in treosulfan area under the curve from zero to infinity (AUC(0‐∞)) of 1,000 mg hour/L the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for mortality increase was 1.46 (1.23–1.74), and the hazard ratio for low engraftment was 0.61 (0.36–1.04). A cumulative AUC(0‐∞) of 4,800 mg hour/L maximized the probability of success (> 20% engraftment and no mortality) at 82%. Probability of success with AUC(0‐∞) between 80% and 125% of this target were 78% and 79%. Measuring PK at the first dose and individualizing the third dose may be required in nonmalignant disease.
Output current ripple reduction of LED driver using ceramic‐capacitor‐input circuit and buck‐boost converter
Authors: Kadota Mitsuhiro , Shoji Hiroyuki , Hatakeyama Atsushi , Wada Keiji 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article proposes an LED driver that consists of a ceramic‐capacitor‐input rectifier and a buck‐boost converter. The LED driver has an advantage of long life because it does not contain any electrolytic capacitors. However, the issue with electrolytic capacitor‐less LED driver is that the ripple of the smoothed voltage becomes large due to insufficient capacitance of the smoothing capacitor. The proposed method, which uses the discontinuous current mode of a buck‐boost converter, reduces the output current ripple under such conditions. Experimental results using a 5.7 W LED driver prototype demonstrate that the proposed method reduces the output current ripple and that the percent flicker becomes 4.4%, which is smaller than the recommended upper limit of 8%.
Enhanced pain modulation capacity among individuals with borderline personality disorder: A possible mechanism underlying their hypoalgesia
Authors: Defrin Ruth , Cohen Sagy Nitzan , Biran Iftah , Goor‐Aryeh Itay , Shai Roni , Ginzburg Karni 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundAmple evidence suggests that individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) exhibit hyposensitivity to pain. Since the underlying mechanism of the pain hyposensitivity is unknown, we tested here for the first time whether this hyposensitivity is pain specific or exists also for innocuous sensation, and whether it is associated with enhanced descending pain modulation capabilities.MethodsParticipants were 55 women; 22 patients with BPD and 33 matched healthy controls. Testing included the measurement of warmth sensation threshold (WST), heat‐pain threshold (HPT), pain adaptation, conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and temporal summation of heat‐pain (TSP). The level of dissociation was also evaluated.ResultsWomen with BPD had higher WST and HPT compared with healthy controls. Moreover, women with BPD had greater magnitude of pain adaptation and CPM as well as higher dissociation level compared to controls. In neither the BPD nor the control group did WST and HPT correlate with pain adaptation, CPM or dissociation. In the BPD group only, HPT inversely correlated with the magnitude of TSP.ConclusionsWomen with BPD present generalized hyposensitivity to both innocuous and noxious stimuli. Furthermore, women with BPD exhibit more efficient pain inhibition capabilities than healthy controls. While efficient pain modulation may underlie pain hyposensitivity in BPD, both traits may exist independently from each other, or may be moderated by another factor such as dissociation.SignificanceOn the basis of testing pronociceptive and antinociceptive components among individuals with BPD and healthy controls, this study reveals enhanced ability to inhibit pain among woman with borderline personality disorder (BPD) which may underlie hyposensitivity to both noxious and innocuous stimuli and perhaps also self‐injurious behaviour among these individuals. The study contributes novel information on possible mechanisms involved in BPD manifestations.
Characteristics of in situ stress and its influence on coalbed methane development: A case study in the eastern part of the southern Junggar Basin, NW China
Authors: Fu Haijiao , Yan Detian , Yang Shuguang , Wang Xiaoming , Zhang Zheng , Sun Mengdi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBased on 54 sets of well test data of 29 coalbed methane (CBM) wells, the distribution characteristic of in situ stress in the eastern part of the southern Junggar Basin and its control on permeability (K), reservoir pressure (Po), and gas content (G) were discussed systematically. The results show that three types of in situ stress regime exist and are converted corresponding to a certain depth, (1) <600 m is the strike‐slip fault regime (σH > σv > σh); (2) 600‐1050 m is the stress transition zone (σH ≈ σv > σh); and (3) >1050 m is the normal fault regime (σv > σH>σh). Regionally, with depths < 1050 m, stress regime also changes from west to east, that is, σH > σv > σh type in the western Miquan, σH ≈ σv > σh type in the middle Fukang, and σv > σH > σh type in the eastern Jimushaer, respectively. Controlled by stress regime and vertical belting, coal K shows a trend of “remarkably decreased, rebounded increase and greatly decreased,” and two decreasing stages (<600 m and > 1050 m) are mainly influenced by horizontal stress and vertical stress, respectively. Taking a burial depth of 1000‐1150 m as a boundary, the relationship between G and depth converts from “continually increasing” to “gradually decreasing,” which is in good agreement with the converted interface of stress regime from σH ≈ σv > σh type to σv > σH > σh type. Taking the converted interfaces of G (1000‐1150 m), K (800 m), and the prediction depth of the weathered zone (400 m) into consideration, CBM development potential in the study area can be divided into three grades, that is, (1) 400‐800 m (high K and medium G), (2) 800‐1150 m in Miquan and 800‐1000 m in Fukang (medium K and high G), and (3) >1150 m in Miquan and >1000 m in Fukang (low K and poor G). Overall, a key CBM development breakthrough will most likely be made in the study area within the scope of 600‐800 m due to the better G and higher K.
Aluminum‐based thermal storage system with solar collector using nanofluid
Authors: Kalbande Vednath P. , Walke Pramod V. , Shelke Rupesh 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMetal and phase change material (PCM) is used for thermal storage system. Aluminum as a metal and erythritol as the PCM is a better option for the thermal storage. This thermal storage is charging with the help of solar energy through a solar collector. Parabolic trough solar collector is used to collect the solar energy. Evacuated tube was used to absorb solar radiation and soybean oil‐based nanofluid containing Al2O3 nanoparticles at volume concentration of 0.1% is filled in tube to transfer heat from absorber tube to thermal storage. Nanofluid was prepared with the help of ultrasonication. The heat transfer from the absorber to thermal storage through self‐circulation unit. Experimentation is carried out with and without nanofluid. Nanofluid of soybean oil and Al2O3 is enhanced the performance of solar collector. The thermal storage and absorber temperature is reached upto the 153°C and 178°C while using nanofluid. The discharging of PCM is carried out through experimentation. The PCM is filled in thermal storage, which changes its phase and stores the energy which can be used at night when solar energy is not available.
Epigenetic regulation of microglial phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase pathway involved in long‐term potentiation and synaptic plasticity in rats
Authors: Saw Genevieve , Krishna Kumar , Gupta Neelima , Soong Tuck Wah , Mallilankaraman Karthik , Sajikumar Sreedharan , Dheen S. Thameem 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMicroglia are the main form of immune defense in the central nervous system. Microglia express phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K), which has been shown to play a significant role in synaptic plasticity in neurons and inflammation via microglia. This study shows that microglial PI3K is regulated epigenetically through histone modifications and posttranslationally through sumoylation and is involved in long‐term potentiation (LTP) by modulating the expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which has been shown to be involved in neuronal synaptic plasticity. Sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, upregulates PI3K expression, the phosphorylation of its downstream effectors, AKT and cAMP response element‐binding protein (CREB), and the expression of BDNF in microglia, suggesting that BDNF secretion is regulated in microglia via epigenetic regulation of PI3K. Further, knockdown of SUMO1 in BV2 microglia results in a decrease in the expression of PI3K, the phosphorylation of AKT and CREB, as well as the expression of BDNF. These results suggest that microglial PI3K is epigenetically regulated by histone modifications and posttranslationally modified by sumoylation, leading to altered expression of BDNF. Whole‐cell voltage‐clamp showed the involvement of microglia in neuronal LTP, as selective ablation or disruption of microglia with clodronate in rat hippocampal slices abolished LTP. However, LTP was rescued when the same hippocampal slices were treated with active PI3K or BDNF, indicating that microglial PI3K/AKT signaling contributes to LTP and synaptic plasticity. Understanding the mechanisms by which microglial PI3K influences synapses provides insights into the ways it can modulate synaptic transmission and plasticity in learning and memory.
Comparing aversions to outcome inequality and social risk in health and income: An empirical analysis using hypothetical scenarios with losses
Authors: Abásolo Ignacio , Tsuchiya Aki 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEvaluation of future social welfare may not only depend on the aggregate of individual prospects, but also on how the prospects are distributed across individuals. The latter in turn would depend on how people perceive inequality and risk at the collective level (or “social risk”). This paper examines distributional preferences regarding inequality in outcomes and social risk for health and income in the context of losses. Specifically, four kinds of aversions are compared, (a) outcome‐inequality aversion in health, (b) outcome‐inequality aversion in income, (c) social‐risk aversion in health, (d) and social‐risk aversion in income. Face‐to‐face interviews of a representative general public sample in Spain are undertaken using hypothetical scenarios involving losses in health or income across otherwise equal groups. Aversion parameters are compared assuming social welfare functions with constant relative or constant absolute aversion. We find that in both domains, outcome‐inequality aversion and social‐risk aversion are not the same; and that neither aversion is the same across the two domains. Outcome‐inequality aversion in income is the strongest, followed by social‐risk aversion in income and social‐risk aversion in health, and outcome‐inequality aversion in health coming last, where most of these are statistically significantly different from each other.
Pregenomic HBV RNA and Hepatitis B Core‐Related Antigen Predict Outcomes in Hepatitis B e Antigen–Negative Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Suppressed on Nucleos(T)ide Analogue Therapy
Authors: Carey Ivana , Gersch Jeffrey , Wang Bo , Moigboi Christiana , Kuhns Mary , Cloherty Gavin , Dusheiko Geoffrey , Agarwal Kosh 
Published: November 2019

Background and Aims
A dichotomous separation of hepatitis B viral DNA and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) concentrations occurs during the natural history and treatment of chronic hepatitis B. We have evaluated the ability of hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA and hepatitis B core‐related antigen (HBcrAg) as surrogates of silencing of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), to characterize this dissociation, and virological outcomes.

Approach and Results
Three cohorts of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)‐negative patients were studied: cohort A: 66 HBeAg‐negative patients on long‐term nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy; cohort B: 23 antibodies against hepatitis B e antigen (anti‐HBe)‐positive patients who stopped treatment; and Cohort C: 19 anti‐HBe‐positive patients on long‐term NA treatment who achieved HBsAg loss and in whom treatment was withdrawn. Concentrations of HBV serological/virological biomarkers (HBV DNA, HBsAg, HBcrAg, and HBV RNA) were measured in sequential samples at different time points on/off therapy. Cohort A: After 3 years of antiviral therapy, 33% and 30% had detectable HBcrAg and HBV RNA, respectively, despite all being HBV‐DNA negative. After 5 years’ therapy with NA, 27% and 14% had detectable HBcrAg and HBV RNA. Detectable HBcrAg and HBV RNA at the time of treatment withdrawal was only observed in those patients who developed a severe aminotransferase flare. Only those patients with HBV reactivation in cohort C had detectable HBV RNA at treatment withdrawal, but HBcrAg and HBV DNA were not detected.

Conclusions
HBcrAg and HBV RNA are sensitive biomarkers of continued transcription of cccDNA in HBeAg‐negative patients despite marked HBV‐DNA suppression by NA. These markers were predictors of severe alanine transaminase flares, after treatment withdrawal, and HBV‐DNA reactivation. Their measurement during the natural history of hepatitis B, and on treatment with current and new agents, could characterize residual HBV‐RNA transcription from cccDNA and assist drug development and disease management.