bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable organisational learning in sustainable companies
Authors: Battistella Cinzia , Cicero Lucia , Preghenella Nadia 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to extend the knowledge on sustainable organisational learning (OL) in sustainable companies.Design/methodology/approachSustainability is examined from an OL perspective and was based on Edward’s integral cycle of learning. An in-depth analysis of the literature was carried out, and a list of OL characteristics, such as openness to new ideas and participative policymaking, were compiled. To identify which OL characteristics are used for sustainability, a multiple-case study was designed for sustainable companies operating in the food and beverage industry.FindingsThis study found a wide variety of sustainable practices, such as experimentation and information-sharing systems, related to learning processes, and learning leadership appears to be the least developed dimension. It was also found that sustainable companies learn through social rather than reflective learning, in relationships with internal and external stakeholders, and by concrete actions to implement environmental and social impacts.Originality/valueThis study is one of a few that explore sustainable OL and contributes to categorising OL characteristics that sustainable companies use to facilitate and support sustainability in the mid–long term.
Quinolone immediate hypersensitivity due to topical ophthalmic preparations: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Ajima Sayaka , Sano Yusuke , Hashizume Hideo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOphthalmic quinolone preparations are widely used for the treatment of eye diseases; however, there are only a few reported cases of immediate hypersensitivity due to such medications. Here, we present a case of immediate hypersensitivity induced by an ophthalmic administration of quinolones in a 20‐year‐old female with bacterial conjunctivitis. The results of skin prick and basophil activation tests suggest that it involved a type Ib reaction associated with Mas‐related G‐protein coupled receptor X2. The present case cautions us to be aware of quinolone immediate hypersensitivity caused by topical ophthalmic preparations, which can easily be overlooked, because it may predict severe hypersensitivity reactions to systemic administration.
‘You're just a locum’: professional identity and temporary workers in the medical profession
Authors: Ferguson Jane , Tazzyman Abigail , Walshe Kieran , Bryce Marie , Boyd Alan , Archer Julian , Price Tristan , Tredinnick‐Rowe John 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInternationally, there has been substantial growth in temporary working, including in the medical profession where temporary doctors are known as locums. There is little research into the implications of temporary work in health care. In this paper, we draw upon theories concerning the sociology of the medical profession to examine the implications of locum working for the medical profession, healthcare organisations and patient safety. We focus particularly on the role of organisations in professional governance and the positioning of locums as peripheral to or outside the organisation, and the influence of intergroup relationships (in this case between permanent and locum doctors) on professional identity. Qualitative semi‐structured interviews were conducted between 2015 and 2017 in England with 79 participants including locum doctors, locum agency staff, and representatives of healthcare organisations who use locums. An abductive approach to analysis combined inductive coding with deductive, theory‐driven interpretation. Our findings suggest that locums were perceived to be inferior to permanently employed doctors in terms of quality, competency and safety and were often stigmatised, marginalised and excluded. The treatment of locums may have negative implications for collegiality, professional identity, group relations, team functioning and the way organisations deploy and treat locums may have important consequences for patient safety.
The first step in an investigation of quantitative ultrasound as a technique for evaluating infant bone strength
Authors: Soto Martinez Miriam E. , Love Jennifer C. , Crowder Christian M. , Wiersema Jason M. , Pinto Deborrah C. , Derrick Sharon M. , Gao Si , Fleischman Julie M. , Greeley Christopher , Donaruma‐Kwoh Marcella , Bachim Angela 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study's purpose is to evaluate whether bone speed of sound (SOS) data, a parameter of quantitative ultrasound, collected from an infant autopsy sample are comparable to data collected from healthy, living infants. We hypothesize that SOS values obtained from deceased term‐born infants will fall within the normal range for healthy, living infants. The study sample consists of 351 deceased infants between the ages of 30 weeks gestation at birth to 1 year postnatal at the time of death receiving autopsies at the Harris County Institute of Forensic Sciences or Texas Children's Hospital in Houston, TX. Various multivariate and univariate statistics were used to examine the relationship between SOS and age, prematurity, and chronic illness. The results of an ANOVA comparing the study sample data to published data from healthy, living infants indicate the SOS data are comparable. Additionally, a MANOVA indicated significant differences in SOS related to prematurity (p = 0.001) and age (p < 0.001). Mean SOS was significantly greater among term‐born infants (M = 3065.66, SD =165.05) than premature infants (M = 2969.71, SD =192.72). Age had a significant polynomial (cubic) relationship with SOS for both the premature and term groups (p < 0.001). Results suggest that bone from an infant autopsy sample is an appropriate surrogate to examine the relationship between SOS and determinants of bone strength. Therefore, future research will use this study sample to investigate the relationship between SOS and determinants of bone strength in infants.
Glaucoma as a prognostic factor of central retinal vein occlusion: visual and anatomical outcomes and occurrence of ischaemic central retinal vein occlusion
Authors: Kim You Na , Shin Joong Won , Park Yu Jeong , Lee Joo Yong , Kim June Gone , Yoon Young Hee , Kim Yoon Jeon 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeTo compare the functional and anatomical outcomes of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) according to the presence of glaucoma before the onset of CRVO, and to assess whether pre‐existing glaucoma affects the prognosis of CRVO in terms of development and conversion to ischaemic CRVO.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, patients with treatment‐naïve CRVO were enrolled between December 2009 and February 2019. The patients were classified into two groups according to the presence of pre‐existing primary open‐angle glaucoma at CRVO diagnosis. We reviewed medical records regarding basic demographics, ocular characteristics and treatments. The effects of pre‐existing glaucoma on the occurrence of ischaemic CRVO were also investigated using Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsOf 166 eyes from 166 patients, 26 (15.7%) had pre‐existing glaucoma. The pre‐existing glaucoma group revealed significantly older (69.4 ± 13.3 versus 56.5 ± 15.9) and lower BCVA at baseline (1.06 ± 0.75 versus 0.64 ± 0.58, logMAR) and final visits (1.56 ± 1.35 versus 0.64 ± 0.48, logMAR) (all p < 0.05) than non‐glaucomatous group. In terms of perfusion status of CRVO, the glaucoma group showed higher incidence of ischaemic CRVO (30.8% versus 5.3%, p = 0.052) at initial and last visits as well as more disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRIL) at 3 months (76.0% versus 49.6%, p = 0.015). Pre‐existing glaucoma (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.141, p = 0.014), lower vision at baseline (HR = 2.071, p = 0.001) and DRIL at 3 months (HR = 2.905, p = 0.011) were significant risk factors for the occurrence of ischaemic CRVO.ConclusionIn patients with CRVO, pre‐existing glaucoma was associated with poorer visual and anatomical outcomes, and played as a significant risk factor for the development and conversion to ischaemic CRVO with lower vision and presence of DRIL at early phase of CRVO.
Eomes promotes esophageal carcinoma progression by recruiting Treg cells through the CCL20‐CCR6 pathway
Authors: Lian Jingyao , Liu Saisai , Yue Ying , Yang Qingshan , Zhang Zhen , Yang Shengli , Zhang Yi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEomesodermin (Eomes) is a T‐box transcription factor that drives the differentiation and function of cytotoxic lymphocytes. However, the underlying function and mechanism of Eomes in tumor cells remains elusive. Here, we studied the role of Eomes in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Using 2 human ESCC cell lines, we found that Eomes knockdown reduced esophageal cancer cell proliferation and that the esophageal cancer cell cycle was blocked in the G2/M phase. Mechanistically, we identified CCL20 as the main downstream target of Eomes. Furthermore, we found that CCL20 could chemoregulate regulatory T cells (Tregs) through their specific receptor CCR6, then promoting the proliferation of esophageal cancer cells. Eomes knockdown also delayed the growth of human ESCC xenografts in BALB/c nude mice. Importantly, in 133 human ESCC tissues, high Eomes levels were associated with poor clinical prognosis. Overall, our findings suggested that the Eomes‐CCL20‐CCR6 pathway plays a vital role in human ESCC progress. Therefore, targeting this pathway may represent a promising strategy for controlling human ESCC.
Single‐nucleotide polymorphism rs4142441 and MYC co‐modulated long non‐coding RNA OSER1‐AS1 suppresses non‐small cell lung cancer by sequestering ELAVL1
Authors: Xie Weijia , Wang Youhao , Zhang Yao , Xiang Ying , Wu Na , Wu Long , Li Chengying , Cai Tongjian , Ma Xiangyu , Yu Zubin , Bai Li , Li Yafei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSingle‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been involved in the process of lung cancer. Following clues given by lung cancer risk‐associated SNP, we aimed to find novel functional lncRNAs as candidate targets in lung cancer. We identified a lncRNA Oxidative Stress Responsive Serine Rich 1 Antisense RNA 1 (OSER1‐AS1) through a lung cancer risk‐associated SNP rs4142441. OSER1‐AS1 was down‐regulated in tumor tissue and its low expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival among non‐smokers in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function studies showed that OSER1‐AS1 acted as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting lung cancer cell growth, migration and invasion in vitro. Xenograft tumor assays and a metastasis mouse model confirmed that OSER1‐AS1 suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. The promoter of OSER1‐AS1 was repressed by MYC, and the 3′‐end of OSER1‐AS1 was competitively targeted by microRNA hsa‐miR‐17‐5p and RNA‐binding protein ELAVL1. Our results indicated that OSER1‐AS1 exerted tumor‐suppressive functions by acting as an ELAVL1 decoy to keep it away from its target mRNAs. Our findings characterized OSER1‐AS1 as a new tumor‐suppressive lncRNA in NSCLC, suggesting that OSER1‐AS1 may be suitable as a potential biomarker for prognosis, and a potential target for treatment.
Low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound ameliorates depression‐like behaviors in a rat model of chronic unpredictable stress
Authors: Zhang Jinniu , Zhou Hui , Yang Jian , Jia Jun , Niu Lili , Sun Zuoli , Shi Dandan , Meng Long , Qiu Weibao , Wang Xiaomin , Zheng Hairong , Wang Gang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionThere is an unmet need for better nonpharmaceutical treatments for depression. Low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a novel type of neuromodulation that could be helpful for depressed patients.ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility and potential mechanisms of LIPUS in the treatment of depression.MethodsChronic unpredictable stress (CUS) was used to generate rats with depression‐like features that were treated with four weeks of LIPUS stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Depression‐like behaviors were assessed with the sucrose preference, forced swim, and open field tests. BDNF/mTORC1 signaling was examined by Western blot to investigate this potential molecular mechanism. The safety of LIPUS was evaluated using hematoxylin‐eosin and Nissl staining.ResultsFour weeks of LIPUS stimulation significantly increased sucrose preference and reduced forced swim immobility time in CUS rats. LIPUS also partially reversed the molecular effects of CUS that included decreased levels of BDNF, phosphorylated tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB), extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK), mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), and S6 kinase (S6K). Moreover, histological staining revealed no gross tissue damage.ConclusionsChronic LIPUS stimulation can effectively and safely improve depression‐like behaviors in CUS rats. The underlying mechanisms may be related to enhancement of BDNF/ERK/mTORC1 signaling pathways in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). LIPUS is a promising noninvasive neuromodulation tool that merits further study as a potential treatment for depression.
Inpatient diabetes care during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A Diabetes UK rapid review of healthcare professionals' experiences using semi‐structured interviews
Authors: Burr Olivia , Berry Alex , Joule Nikki , Rayman Gerry 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsInpatient care for people with diabetes can and must be improved. The COVID‐19 pandemic has impacted the way care is delivered across the UK. Diabetes UK needed to understand how inpatient care for people with diabetes has been affected and to identify opportunities, areas of concerns and recommendations for the future.MethodsWe interviewed 28 healthcare professionals and hospital teams from across the UK to find out about their experiences of delivering inpatient diabetes care during the first peak of the COVID‐19 pandemic.ResultsWe found that disruption to inpatient diabetes services created positive environments and opportunities for new ways of working, but in the minority, impacted on the quality of care clinicians felt they were able to deliver.ConclusionsIt is important that these positive ways of working be maintained and as a result of these experiences we have outlined urgent recommendations for the challenging winter months ahead.
Body size distributions of anurans are explained by diversification rates and the environment
Authors: Amado Talita Ferreira , Martinez Pablo Ariel , Pincheira‐Donoso Daniel , Olalla‐Tárraga Miguel Ángel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimBody size frequency distributions are often skewed to the right, with a greater frequency of small‐sized species. Right skewness can appear when speciation is biased towards small species and extinction towards large ones. In contrast, limits imposed by environmental constraints will select taxa to co‐occur in assemblages and can modify size distributions to the left or to the right. We analysed whether the shape of size distributions of anurans is related to diversification rates and how the environment might also be creating the observed patterns.LocationThe Western Hemisphere.Time periodCurrent.Major taxa studiedAnurans.MethodsWe computed diversification rates from a dated phylogeny and obtained data for body size, spatial distribution and the climate (annual temperature, potential evapotranspiration and normalized difference vegetation index) inhabited by 2,598 anuran species to analyse the relationship between diversification rates and body size. We then used an assemblage‐based approach to test whether the climate is acting together with species evolutionary history to generate skewed distributions of body sizes at local sites.ResultsSkewness was positively correlated with size‐biased speciation and extinction, whereas it was negatively correlated with net diversification. After the inclusion of environmental predictors, the explanatory power of our models increased significantly. When ranking the predictors, evolutionary rates remained first, followed by a secondary role of environmental variables.Main conclusionsDespite the high frequency of right‐skewed body size distributions, anuran assemblages of the New World showed a variation of skewness that can be explained by faster net diversification (speciation minus extinction) at modal sizes. We conclude that size‐biased evolutionary rates and the environment both have a role in defining the proportion of small and large sizes at local scales.
Modified bismuth quadruple therapy with low‐dose metronidazole as first‐line therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Pih Gyu Young , Choi Kee Don , Gong Eun Jeong , Na Hee Kyong , Ahn Ji Yong , Lee Jeong Hoon , Jung Kee Wook , Kim Do Hoon , Song Ho June , Lee Gin Hyug , Jung Hwoon‐Yong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundBismuth‐containing quadruple therapy is an effective alternative first‐line therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a modified twice‐a‐day bismuth quadruple regimen (BQT‐2) with low‐dose (1000 mg total) metronidazole as first‐line therapy for the eradication of H pylori.Materials and MethodsIn this prospective pilot study, patients diagnosed with H pylori infection and naïve to eradication therapy were included. The modified BQT‐2 therapy consisted of rabeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, metronidazole 500 mg, and tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate 600 mg (elemental bismuth 240 mg) twice daily, given 30 minutes before morning and evening meals for 14 days. H pylori eradication was assessed by 13C‐urea breath test conducted at least 4 weeks after therapy completion.ResultsIn 66 patients who received the modified BQT‐2 regimen, the compliance rate was 100% and the H pylori eradication rate was 77.3%. H pylori was successfully cultured in 50 (75.8%) patients. The resistance rates to metronidazole and clarithromycin were 30.0% and 22.0%, respectively. Eradication rates were not significantly different according to the resistance to metronidazole (metronidazole‐susceptible: 74.3% [26/35], metronidazole‐resistant: 73.3% [11/15]; P > .99). Most of the adverse events were mild, with 20 (30%) patients developing nausea, epigastric soreness, loose stool, asthenia, skin rash, dizziness, taste perversion, headache, or dyspepsia.ConclusionsTwice‐a‐day modified BQT‐2 regimen with low‐dose metronidazole was suboptimal as an alternative first‐line therapy for eradicating H pylori, despite high patient compliance.
Kinetics of immune reconstitution after anti‐CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients
Authors: Wang Ying , Li Hujun , Song Xuguang , Qi Kunming , Cheng Hai , Cao Jiang , Shi Ming , Yan Zhiling , Jing Guangjun , Pan Bin , Sang Wei , Wang Xiangmin , Zhao Kai , Chen Chong , Chen Wei , Zheng Junnian , Li Zhenyu , Xu Kailin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionAnti‐CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) ‐T cells, which recognize and kill both B lymphoblasts and normal B cells, result in B cell aplasia and humoral immunodeficiency. However, there were only a few detailed reports on the profile of immune reconstitution after anti‐CD19 CAR‐T cell therapy.MethodsThirty nine patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receiving anti‐CD19 CAR‐T cell therapy were enrolled. Subjects died, relapsed, received other treatment, or lost to follow‐up within 60 days post‐infusion were excluded. 21 patients were finally selected. Laboratory and clinical data were collected for analysis of immune reconstitution.ResultsCD8+ cells were the first to recover with a median time on day 21(7‐87), followed by CD16/CD56+ cells on day 28(14‐87), and finally CD4+ cells with only 5(23.81%) patients recovered within 60 days post‐infusion. CD4/CD8 ratio was inverted, sustaining for at least 1 year. B cell aplasia occurred in all patients and CD19+ cells returned to normal on a median time of day 79(41‐118). All patients developed hypogammaglobulinemia with a median onset time of 2 weeks post‐infusion. IgG recovered in 6 patients with a median time on day 184(89‐346). IgM recovered on days 212, 242, and 346 in 3 patients. IgA recovered most slowly and remained low >1 year postinfusion. A total of 9 infections occurred in 6(28.57%) patients.ConclusionsOur data showed prolonged reconstitution of immune function, especially humoral immunity, in R/R B cell ALL patients receiving anti‐CD19 CAR‐T cell therapy.
Deprescribing long‐term opioid therapy in patients with chronic pain
Authors: Glare Paul , Ashton‐James Claire , Han Esther , Nicholas Michael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractProposed regulatory changes will limit the access to opioids by Australian patients with chronic pain, many of whom are under the care of consultant physicians. This review summarises points of consensus on opioid deprescribing that emerged from the interaction of an expert panel and the audience at a symposium on the topic held in Sydney in 2019. Each of these consensus points speaks to the need for an individualised, patient‐centred approach. In other words, ‘treat the patient, not the pill count’.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor attenuates the hyperresponsiveness of TLR2+ and TLR4+ Th17/Tc17‐like cells in multiple sclerosis patients with major depression
Authors: Sales Marisa C. , Kasahara Taissa M. , Sacramento Priscila M. , Rossi Átila D. , Cafasso Marcos Octávio S.D. , Oyamada Hugo A.A. , Hygino Joana , Alvim Fabianna , Andrade Regis M. , Cristina Vasconcelos Cláudia , Bento Cleonice A.M. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryElevated frequency of Th17‐like cells expressing Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) has been recently associated with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis, a chronic inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. We aimed to investigate the impact of current major depressive disorder (MDD) on the behaviour of these cells following in vitro stimulation with TLR2, TLR4, TLR5 and TLR9 agonists. Here, the level of both cell proliferation and cytokine production related to Th17/Tc17 phenotypes in response to TLR2 (Pam3C) and TLR4 (LPS) ligands was significantly higher in CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell cultures from MS/MDD patients when compared to non‐depressed patients. These cytokine levels were positively associated with neurological disabilities in patients. No difference for responsiveness to TLR5 (flagellin) and TLR9 (ODN) agonists was observed. LPS, but not Pam3C, induced significant IL‐10 release, mainly in patients without MDD. Interestingly, more intense expression of TLR2 and TLR4 on these cells was observed in MDD patients. Finally, in vitro addition of serotonin and treatment of MDD patients with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) reduced the production of Th17/Tc17‐related cytokines by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in response to Pam3C and LPS. However, only SSRI therapy diminished the frequency and intensity of TLR2 and TLR4 expression on circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. In summary, although preliminary, our findings suggest that adverse events that elevate circulating levels of TLR2 and TLR4 ligands can affect MS pathogenesis, particularly among depressed patients.
A unified analysis of stochastic gradient‐free Frank–Wolfe methods
Authors: Guo Jiahong , Liu Huiling , Xiao Xiantao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a class of constrained stochastic programs in which the gradient of the random function in the objective and the projection onto the feasible set are assumed to be prohibitive to compute. We propose a class of mini‐batch gradient‐free Frank–Wolfe methods. Under mild conditions, we conduct a unified convergence analysis for both convex and nonconvex problems.