bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified basilic vein transposition surgery for vascular access: Lengthening the basilic vein
Authors: Ghasemi Gorji Meghdad , Karbakhsh Ravari Fardin , Rafiei Ali 
Published: December 2024

Objectives Basilic vein transposition (BVT) surgery is a crucial option for vascular access in hemodialysis patients when other alternatives are unavailable. One of the primary complications affecting the long-term function of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) is the development of pseudoaneurysms, often caused by repeated punctures at the same site. This study aims to evaluate whether increasing the length of the basilic vein available for cannulation during the second stage of BVT surgery reduces the risk of puncture-related pseudoaneurysms, thereby improving fistula longevity and functionality. Methods We selected 39 hemodialysis patients unsuitable for cephalic vein AVF creation or who had failed brachiocephalic fistulas. Eligibility criteria included a basilic vein diameter of more than 2.5 mm with appropriate venous anatomy confirmed via ultrasound. In the first stage of surgery, the median basilic vein was anastomosed to the superior surface of the brachial artery. One month later, once the vein had matured (diameter ≥4 mm), a second stage was performed, which involved liberating an extended segment of the basilic vein down to the forearm. The basilic vein was then anastomosed end-to-end with the median basilic vein to increase the cannulation area. Patients were followed for 1 year to evaluate outcomes. Results and Conclusions All 39 patients successfully underwent the modified BVT technique. Over the 1-year follow-up period, none experienced significant AVF complications, particularly pseudoaneurysm formation. By increasing the usable length of the basilic vein for cannulation, multiple puncture sites were available, reducing the risk of repeated needle insertions at the same site. The modified BVT technique shows promise in reducing the risk of pseudoaneurysm formation and improving AVF patency, potentially enhancing the longevity and functionality of AVFs in hemodialysis patients. Further studies are necessary to confirm the efficacy of this technique in larger patient populations.
Lipoprotein(a) distribution in hospitalised Asian patients with ischaemic heart disease
Authors: Loh Wann Jia , Teo Chong Boon , Simon Oliver , Yeo Colin 
Published: December 2024

Background: Elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a common hyperlipidaemic condition with strong genetic predisposition and is independently associated with ischaemic heart disease (IHD). A Mendelian randomisation study has suggested that elevated Lp(a) is likely to confer similar causal risks as heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia for premature IHD. We aimed to characterise the clinical profiles of admitted patients with IHD with at least one Lp(a) measurement. We also investigated whether elevated Lp(a) concentration was associated with premature onset of IHD. Methods: This is a descriptive, non-interventional, retrospective study with data from a single tertiary hospital IHD Lp(a) cohort in Singapore, which consecutively recruited 521 patients with IHD admitted to the hospital. Results: A total of 82.2% were men, 46.6% had newly diagnosed IHD and 10% had premature IHD. The median Lp(a) levels was 35.2 nmol/L. 70.8% of patients had normal Lp(a) concentrations (<70 nmol/L), 13.4% of people with Lp(a) ⩾ 70 to <120 nmol/L and 15.7% of patients with Lp(a) ⩾ 120 nmol/L. Lp(a) distribution was positively skewed to the right for all ethnicities. Patients of Indian ethnicity and of female gender had higher levels of Lp(a) compared with other ethnicities and gender, respectively. Multivariable regression analysis identified Lp(a) ⩾ 155 mmol/L to be associated with development of premature IHD (OR = 2.90, 95% CI: 1.26–6.67, p = 0.012). Conclusion: There exist differences in Lp(a) distribution across ethnicities and gender. The subgroup analysis suggests that Lp(a) ⩾ 155 mmol/L was associated with premature onset of IHD.
Adapting a pregnancy app (HealthyMoms) to support healthy habits in migrant women—a qualitative study on women's preferences and perceived needs to support health behaviors during pregnancy
Authors: Söderström Emmie , Alexandrou Christina , Bressanutti Sara , Sandborg Johanna , Lindqvist Anna-Karin , Löf Marie 
Published: December 2024

Background Healthy lifestyle behaviors in pregnancy are important for maternal and offspring health. Mobile health (mHealth) tools have potential to provide support for lifestyle behaviors at scale but such tools are commonly developed only in native languages, limiting reach in migrant populations. Objectives This qualitative study, in two of the largest migrant populations in Sweden (Arabic- and Somali-speaking women), aimed to explore (a) perceptions and needs of knowledge and support related to pregnancy and lifestyle behaviors and (b) needs of and attitudes towards a pregnancy app and how features and content in the app can be adapted to support healthier lifestyle behaviors in migrant women. Method Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with Arabic ( n = 10) and Somali-speaking women ( n = 9). Data was analyzed using content analysis (inductive latent approach). Results Arabic- and Somali-speaking women described an increased need of knowledge regarding pregnancy and lifestyle behaviors. The social environment could both motivate behavior change and be a source of misinformation. Women expressed great trust in maternity healthcare but requested more information related to lifestyle behaviors. A pregnancy app was perceived as a helpful tool to support healthy lifestyle behaviors. Mere translations were suggested to be valuable, however, audio- and video-format to deliver content and inclusion of women's partners in the app were described as desirable adaptations. Conclusion Our findings can guide maternity healthcare on what support migrant women need and inform future development of mHealth tools for pregnant migrant populations. Future research should disentangle the degree of cultural adaptations required for mHealth lifestyle interventions provided by healthcare.
Metabolic Syndrome Among People Living With HIV on Dolutegravir and Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jemal Mohammed , Ashenef Baye , Sinamaw Deresse , Adugna Adane , Getinet Mamaru , Baylie Temesgen , Waritu Nuredin Chura 
Published: December 2024

Purpose This study aimed to assess the burden of metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV (PLWH) on dolutegravir (DTG)- and efavirenz (EFV)-based regimens. Methods A hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study design was implemented from May 5, 2022, to August 5, 2022. Results The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 18.6% (32/172) for all regimens, with 25.6% (22/86) for the DTG- and 11.6% (10/86) for the EFV-based regimens ( P = .019). Body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.04; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-8.14), CD4 count ≥ 500 cells/mm3 (AOR = 3.01; 95% CI: 1.09-8.28), insufficient physical activity (AOR = 2.60; 95% CI: 1.00-6.72), and DTG-based regimen (AOR = 2.86; 95% CI: 1.14-7.20) were associated with metabolic syndrome. Conclusion The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher among PLWH on DTG-based regimens. This signifies that DTG-treated patients should be advised on lifestyle adjustments to prevent the development of metabolic syndrome.
Treatment of Initial Anterior Shoulder Instability in National Hockey League Players: A Survey of NHL Team Physicians
Authors: Benvegnu Neilen A. , Gnandt Ryan , Nammour Michael , Patel Neel , Schulz William , Eads Ryan , Vyas Dharmesh 
Published: December 2024

Background: Managing an in-season anterior shoulder instability poses a special challenge for team physicians, as they need to balance the aim of promptly returning the athlete to play while mitigating the chances of recurrence and further injury to the shoulder. Purpose: To investigate and report on the treatment preferences of National Hockey League (NHL) team physicians when managing in-season first-time anterior shoulder instability in professional hockey players. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A survey consisting of 33 sport-specific questions focused on the treatment options and preferences for anterior shoulder instability in hockey players was developed, and 32 NHL team physicians were invited to anonymously complete the survey. Following the collection of the data, the distribution of the responses to each question was documented as counts and percentages. Results: Of the 32 invited team physicians, 31 (97%) completed all (n = 28) or most (n = 3) of the survey. The mean experience of the respondents was 13 ± 11 years. A total of 28 (90%) respondents would attempt nonoperative treatment of an in-season initial anterior shoulder dislocation with an isolated soft tissue injury, while 28 (90%) would recommend operative treatment of the same injury with bony involvement. Of the 31 respondents, 30 (97%) utilized rehabilitation parameters rather than time from injury when determining whether a player could return to play. Of those parameters, clinical strength (100%), range of motion (87%), anterior apprehension (84%), and pain (65%) were the most utilized. For surgical management of an isolated soft tissue lesion, 28 (90%) of the respondents preferred arthroscopic repair, while 2 (7%) preferred open repair. Conclusion: Of the 32 NHL team physicians surveyed, 28 preferred nonoperative management for the treatment of initial anterior shoulder dislocations with isolated soft tissue injuries, while initial operative management was preferred by the same number of team physicians for any injuries with bony involvement.
Fifteen-Year Radiographic Follow-up Comparison of Early Versus Delayed ACL Reconstruction: A Retrospective Review of a Previous Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Cruz Christian A. , Pruneski James A. , McAllister Rebecca N. , Riopelle David , Bottoni Craig R. 
Published: December 2024

Background: Posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) after anterior cruciate ligament injury and reconstruction (ACLR) is a prevalent cause of long-term disability. Few studies have compared the effect of ACLR timing on the development of PTOA. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare the rate of PTOA at a long-term follow-up between patients who underwent early ACLR (<21 days after injury) versus delayed ACLR (>6 weeks after injury). The authors hypothesized that patients who underwent early ACLR would have lower rates of PTOA compared with the delayed ACLR cohort. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: The authors contacted patients from a previous prospective randomized controlled trial who were randomized to undergo either early (<21 days) or delayed (>6 weeks) ACLR with hamstring tendon autografts. Weightbearing radiographs were obtained at a minimum 15-year follow-up, and radiographic PTOA was evaluated using the Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) classification system. The prevalence of pathologies was compared between the early and delayed groups using appropriate testing, and logistic regression was used to evaluate for associations with failure—a K-L grade of ≥2 or conversion to total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Results: At a mean follow-up of 15.6 years, radiographs were obtained for 58 (28 early, 30 delayed) of the original 69 (84.1%) patients. High rates of PTOA (K-L grade ≥2) were observed in the early (82.1%) and delayed (86.7%) cohorts ( P = .634). Two (7.1%) patients in the early cohort converted to TKA compared with 4 (13.3%) patients in the delayed cohort ( P = .44). Surgical timing did not affect arthritis severity ( P≥ .4), and no factors predicted developing radiographic PTOA in either cohort ( P > .2). Increased time from injury decreased the odds of failure in the early ACLR cohort (odds ratio, 0.79; P = .041). Conclusion: In this study, >80% of patients who underwent ACLR with hamstring tendon autografts had radiographic evidence of PTOA at a mean 15.6-year follow-up, with no difference in the prevalence or severity of PTOA between the early and delayed groups. In addition, 11% of patients had converted to TKA by the time of the final follow-up, and the conversion rate did not differ according to the timing of ACLR.
Concurrent experience and improvements in focal and supportive routines: Inside U.S. nursing homes’ experiences with the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Desai Vinit M 
Published: December 2024

Organizational learning theory has long recognized the advantages of sequential repetition, since successive events allow organizations multiple opportunities to iteratively refine their approaches. In many situations, though, events unfold so quickly that they can overlap, becoming more clustered or concurrent rather than sequential and successive. This raises a tension; this might impede learning by reducing the time available to examine outcomes and update routines after each round, or it may instead motivate organizations to learn and get better out of necessity since less room exists for error. This study responds by distinguishing between the effects of concurrent experiences on different sets of routines. The study predicts that learning in the focal area will suffer, but that learning on supportive and ancillary routines will be enhanced as organizations experiment and explore for broader ways to build resilience under these challenging circumstances. Tests on nursing homes’ responses to clustered outbreaks during the COVID-19 pandemic provide strong support for the prediction about focal outcomes and partial support for the prediction about supportive outcomes. The study contributes to learning theory by advancing work on timing and demonstrating how organizations can learn to build resilience even if they cannot always learn to get better. JEL CLASSIFICATION: M10 (Business Administration/General)
Medial Malleolar Stress Fracture Treatment and Return to Activity: A Systematic Review
Authors: Touhey Daniel C. , Beady Nikko D. , Tartibi Sina , Thome Jr Andrew P. , Brophy Robert H. , Matava Matthew J. , Smith Matthew V. , Knapik Derrick M. 
Published: December 2024

Background: Medial malleolar stress fractures (MMSFs) naturally appear to occur primarily in athletes participating in sports requiring prolonged running or repetitive jumping. Nonoperative and operative modalities have been described, yielding a wide range of outcomes and return to activity (RTA) rates. Hypothesis/purpose: To systematically review the current literature to identify reports of MMSFs to better understand the current state of treatment, outcomes, and RTA rate. Methods: Studies published in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library reporting on patients sustaining MMSF from inception to October 2024 were identified. Human subjects, articles published in English, and studies reporting treatment (operative vs nonoperative), outcomes, RTA rates, and the incidence of any complications, were included. Results: Seventeen studies were identified, consisting of 68 patients, with 74% (n = 50/68) of patients being male. Weighted mean patient age was 26.1 (range, 9-73) years. Overuse injury mechanisms during sporting activities accounted for 94% (n = 64/68) of injuries, with soccer being the most commonly reported athletic activity (n = 18). Initial operative management was reported in 44% (n = 30/68) of patients at a weighted mean of 10.1 weeks from symptom onset, with an additional 14 patients undergoing operative treatment following a weighted mean 16.8-week trial of nonoperative management. Complications following treatment were reported in 4 (n = 4/30) patients treated initially with surgery and 2 (n = 2/38) patients initially treated nonoperatively. A total of 98% (n = 57/58) of patients reported successful return to preinjury activity levels at a weighted mean of 3.4 months. Conclusion: Medial malleolar stress fractures are reported to occur primarily in younger, adult patients, commonly as a result of overuse, especially in individuals participating in soccer. Operative management was performed in 65% (n = 44/68) of overall cases with a low rate of complication and a high rate of successful RTA following nonoperative and operative management.
CSF levels of brain-derived proteins correlate with brain ventricular volume in cognitively healthy 70-year-olds
Authors: Bergström Sofia , Mravinacová Sára , Lindberg Olof , Zettergren Anna , Westman Eric , Wahlund Lars-Olof , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Kern Silke , Skoog Ingmar , Månberg Anna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The effect of varying brain ventricular volume on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome has been discussed as possible confounding factors in comparative protein level analyses. However, the relationship between CSF volume and protein levels remains largely unexplored. Moreover, the few existing studies provide conflicting findings, indicating the need for further research.

Methods
Here, we explored the association between levels of 88 pre-selected CSF proteins and ventricular volume derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements in 157 cognitively healthy 70-year-olds from the H70 Gothenburg Birth Cohort Studies, including individuals with and without pathological levels of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) CSF markers (n = 123 and 34, respectively). Both left and right lateral, the inferior horn as well as the third and the fourth ventricular volumes were measured. Different antibody-based methods were employed for the protein measurements, with most being analyzed using a multiplex bead-based microarray technology. Furthermore, the associations between the protein levels and cortical thickness, fractional anisotropy, and mean diffusivity were assessed.

Results
CSF levels of many brain-derived proteins correlated with ventricular volumes in A-T- individuals, with lower levels in individuals with larger ventricles. The strongest negative correlations with total ventricular volume were observed for neurocan (NCAN) and neurosecretory protein VGF (rho = -0.34 for both). Significant negative correlations were observed also for amyloid beta (Ab) 38, Ab40, total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau), with correlation ranging between − 0.34 and − 0.28, while no association was observed between ventricular volumes and Ab42 or neurofilament light chain (NfL). Proteins with negative correlations to ventricular volumes further demonstrated negative correlations to mean diffusivity and positive correlation to fractional anisotropy. However, only weak or no correlations were observed between the CSF protein levels and cortical thickness. A + T + individuals demonstrated higher CSF protein levels compared to A-T- individuals with the most significant differences observed for neurogranin (NRGN) and synuclein beta (SNCB).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the levels of many brain-derived proteins in CSF may be subjected to dilution effects depending on the size of the brain ventricles in healthy individuals without AD pathology. This phenomenon could potentially contribute to the inter-individual variations observed in CSF proteomic studies.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of antimony oxide nanoparticles for the determination of trace cadmium in mulberry leaf tea matrices by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Authors: İnce Merve Nur , Serbest Hakan , Bakirdere Sezgin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this study, a rapid, sensitive and accurate analytical method was optimized for the determination of trace levels of cadmium (Cd) by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS) after antimony oxide nanoparticles (AO-NPs)-based dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE). The AO-NPs were synthesized with a specific microwave temperature program, and they exhibited high purity and good surface morphology, making them appropriate sorbent material for the preconcentration/separation of a heavy metal. All experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were optimized univariately. Under the optimum operational conditions (35 mL sample volume, 0.75 mL of pH 8.0 buffer, 15 mg of sorbent, 5 s vortex and 100 µL of 1.0 M of HNO3), the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) values were determined as 0.27 and 0.89 µg L−1, respectively. Thanks to the developed method, a 164.8-fold improvement in the sensitivity of the conventional FAAS system was achieved. Reusability tests showed that the AO-NPs can be employed 5 times. The feasibility of the method was confirmed by recovery tests with mulberry leaf tea matrices, and good recovery results between 77.6 and 115.8% were obtained using the matrix matching calibration method.
Development and Clinical Validation of Visual Inspection With Acetic Acid Application-Artificial Intelligence Tool Using Cervical Images in Screen-and-Treat Visual Screening for Cervical Cancer in South India: A Pilot Study
Authors: Poli Usha Rani , Gudlavalleti Anirudh G. , Bharadwaj Y Jaya , Pant Hira B. , Agiwal Varun , Murthy G.V.S. 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE
The burden of cervical cancer in India is enormous, with more than 60,000 deaths being reported in 2020. The key intervention in the WHO's global strategy for the elimination of cervical cancer is to aim for the treatment and care of 90% of women diagnosed with cervical lesions. The current screen-and-treat approach as an option for resource-limited health care systems where screening of the cervix with visual inspection with acetic acid application (VIA) is followed by immediate ablative treatment by nurses in the case of a positive test. This approach often results in overtreatment, owing to the subjective nature of the test. Unnecessary treatments can be diminished with the use of emerging computer-assisted visual evaluation technology, using artificial intelligence (AI) tool to triage VIA-positive women. The aim of this study was (1) to develop a VIA-AI tool using cervical images to identify and categorize the VIA-screen–positive areas for eligibility and suitability for ablative treatment, and (2) to understand the efficacy of the VIA-AI tool in guiding the nurses to decide on treatment eligibility in the screen-and-treat cervical screening program.

METHODS
This was an exploratory, interventional study. The VIA-AI tool was developed using deep-learning AI from the image bank collected in our previously conducted screening programs. This VIA-AI tool was then pilot-tested in an ongoing nurse-led VIA screening program.

RESULTS
A comparative assessment of the cervical features performed in all women using the VIA-AI tool showed clinical accuracy of 76%. The perceived challenge rate for false positives was 20%.

CONCLUSION
This novel cervical image–based VIA-AI algorithm showed promising results in real-life settings, and could help minimize overtreatment in single-visit VIA screening and treatment programs in resource-constrained situations.