bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excessive heating of 00-rapeseed meal reduces not only amino acid digestibility but also metabolizable energy when fed to growing pigs
Authors: Oliveira Maryane S F , Wiltafsky-Martin Markus K , Stein Hans H 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that both the degree of heating and the time that heat is applied will affect the concentration of DE and ME, and the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in 00-rapeseed meal (00-RSM) fed to growing pigs. The nine treatments were prepared using a conventional 00-RSM that was either not autoclaved or autoclaved at 110 °C for 15 or 30 min or at 150 °C for 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, or 18 min. In experiment 1, 20 growing barrows with an average initial BW of 21.2 ± 1.2 kg were randomly allotted to the 10 diets in a replicated 10 × 4 Youden square with 10 diets and four periods in each square. A corn-based basal diet and nine diets containing corn and each source of 00-RSM were formulated. Urine and fecal samples were collected for 5 d after 7 d of adaptation. In experiment 2, nine diets contained one of the nine sources of 00-RSM as the sole source of AA, and an N-free diet that was used to measure basal endogenous losses of AA and CP was formulated. Twenty growing barrows with an initial BW of 69.8 ± 5.7 kg had a T-cannula installed in the distal ileum and were allotted to a 10 × 7 Youden square design with 10 diets and 7 periods. Ileal digesta were collected on days 6 and 7 of each 7-d period. Results from the experiments indicated that there were no effects of autoclaving at 110 °C on DE and ME or on AID and SID of AA in 00-RSM, but DE and ME, and AID and SID of AA were less (P &lt; 0.01) if 00-RSM was autoclaved at 150 °C compared with 110 °C. At 150 °C, there were decreases (quadratic, P &lt; 0.05) in DE and ME, and in AID and SID of AA as heating time increased. In conclusion, autoclaving at 110 °C did not affect ME or SID of AA in 00-RSM, but autoclaving at 150 °C had negative effects on ME and SID of AA and the negative effects increased as heating time increased.
Toxic Metal-Containing Particles in Aerosols from Pod-Type Electronic Cigarettes
Authors: Pappas R Steven , Gray Naudia , Halstead Mary , Valentin-Blasini Liza , Watson Clifford 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The popularity of electronic cigarettes (electronic nicotine delivery systems or ENDS) has grown rapidly over the past decade. With the continued evolution of ENDS, and the arrival of newer replaceable pod devices on the market, it is prudent to examine their emissions to help determine potential health risks to the user. Metal-containing particles were examined in aerosol from several pod-based devices from three manufacturers that offer flavored liquids in their respective products. Previous ENDS metal emissions studies focused on the total toxic metal concentrations in aerosols and have suggested that the principal sources are oxidized internal metal components that are in contact with the liquid. Most metal oxides have limited solubility, and it is likely that some metal content in ENDS aerosol may present as particles rather than dissolved forms. Examining the composition and number of particles in the ENDS aerosols is important because inhaled metal oxide particles cause pulmonary inflammation. Chronic inhalation of ENDS aerosol may lead to inflammatory cell activation in the lungs. Therefore, this study was designed to measure metal oxide particle concentrations and sizes in ENDS aerosols from select pod-based systems. Aerosol samples were generated with pod liquids (tobacco, mint or menthol) from devices produced by three manufacturers using CORESTA Recommended Method 81 parameters with a high-purity fluoropolymer aerosol trap. Particle sizes for chromium, iron, nickel, copper, zinc, tin and lead oxides were measured in triplicate using single particle inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry and dynamic light scattering. A novel aspect of these measurements included using dual element particle analysis to infer particle source component material. Particle concentrations in aerosols from the devices were variable between devices and from pod to pod, ranging from no detectable chromium- and zinc-containing particles in aerosol from some pods to 222,000 lead containing particles per 10 puffs from individual pods.
LncRNA PCAT18/miR-301a/TP53INP1 axis is involved in gastric cancer cell viability, migration and invasion
Authors: Dou Jin , Tu Daoyuan , Zhao Haijian , Zhang Xiaoyu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
MiR-301a is as an oncogene involved in the regulation of gastric cancer (GC) progression, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. This study was to explore the lncRNA PCAT18/miR-301a/TP53INP1 axis in regulating the GC cell proliferation and metastasis. In the present study, GC tissues and cell lines were collected for the detection of PCAT18 expression. Herein, we found that PCAT18 is significantly decreases in human GC tissues and five GC cell lines. Overexpression of PCAT18 inhibits cell viability, invasion and migration of GC cells and tumour growth of GC xenograft tumours. PCAT18 negatively regulates the expression level of miR-301a. The interaction between PCAT18 and miR-301a is confirmed by RIP and RNA pull down. MiR-301a mimic increases cell viability and promotes cell migration and invasion and reverses the inhibitory action of PCAT18. TP53INP1 expression is negatively regulated by miR-301a and TP53INP1/miR-301a is involved in GC viability, migration and invasion. The promoting of PCAT18 on TP53INP1 expression is abolished by miR-301a overexpression. In conclusion, lncRNA PCAT18 acts as a tumour suppressor for GC and lncRNA PCAT18, miR-301a and TP53INP1 comprise a signal axis in regulating GC cell proliferation, migration and invasion.
Depth and productivity as predictive parameters for the widespread invasion of Arctodiaptomus dorsalis (Marsh, 1907) (Copepoda: Calanoida) in tropical lakes in the Philippines
Authors: de Leon Justine R , Guinto Shea K P , Tordesillas Dino T , Papa Rey D S 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA massive invasion of the Neotropical calanoid copepod Arctodiaptomus dorsalis (Marsh, 1907) has been taking place in the Philippines since at least 1993. This copepod’s fecundity is known to depend on food concentration, increasing temperature appears to have detrimental effects on its hatching success and survivorship, but parameters that are truly predictive of the successful integration and propagation of this species in particular bodies of water have not yet been identified. We conducted a spatial analysis of morphometric features and reproductive capacity, the latter proxied by clutch size (CS), of different populations of A. dorsalis inhabiting 11 tropical lakes in the Philippines. Correlations between either morphometry or CS and selected water quality parameters were investigated based on collections and measurements made from December 2018 to April 2019. Means of morphometric measurements differed significantly (P &lt; 0.001) among the populations of A. dorsalis in all lakes. Total length (TL) of adult males, TL of non-ovigerous adult females, and CS of ovigerous females all showed significant (P &lt; 0.001) inverse correlations with lake depth, accounting for about 30% of the observed variability among lakes (r = –0.55, –0.55, and –0.58, respectively). Shallow lakes, which are more homogenous in terms of nutrient distribution throughout the water column, thus provide a more suitable habitat than deep lakes for A. dorsalis and provides a partial explanation of the widespread occurrence and abundance of the species in the shallower, more eutrophic lakes in the Philippines.
Exploring Black Girls’ Recommendations for Healthy Lifestyle Interventions to Address Obesity
Authors: Jernigan Maryam M 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjective This mixed-methods study investigated Black girls’ (N = 15) definitions of health and reports on socio-ecological factors that influenced health attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors. Participants were surveyed about their emotional health, body image, experiences of discrimination, and eating patterns. Methods Directed content analysis was used to identify themes, categories, and capture the depth of information conveyed. The study also used the Nominal Group Technique to elicit recommendations about intervention content, structure, and facilitation of a healthy lifestyle program targeting Black girls. Participants represented various ethnic backgrounds, ranged in age from 14 to 17 years (M = 16), and were in the ninth and 10th grades. Participants also represented a specific sample of Black adolescent girls who are medically categorized as obese. Results Findings indicated that Black girls use an intersectional (race–gender) lens to frame their definitions of health and inform health-related behaviors. Recommendations for obesity interventions targeting Black girls include leveraging time during school to deliver services, intentional selection of program facilitators to include race–gender similarities, and professionals trained to work with adolescents. Additionally, considerations for provider–patient interactions include the use of nonstigmatizing language and direct communication. Conclusion Findings serve to address the paucity of culturally responsive interventions targeting Black girls’ health. Implications include enhancement of program retention and sustained engagement to facilitate effective treatment outcomes and address the disparity in the prevalence of obesity. In doing so, there is a potential to reduce health disparities associated with increased weight as Black girls’ transition into adulthood.
SNR G39.2−0.3, an hadronic cosmic rays accelerator
Authors: de Oña Wilhelmi Emma , Sushch Iurii , Brose Robert , Mestre Enrique , Su Yang , Zanin Roberta 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Recent results obtained with gamma-ray satellites have established supernova remnants as accelerators of GeV hadronic cosmic rays. In such processes, CRs accelerated in SNR shocks interact with particles from gas clouds in their surrounding. In particular, the rich medium in which core-collapse SNRs explode provides a large target density to boost hadronic gamma-rays. SNR G39.2–0.3 is one of the brightest SNR in infrared wavelengths, and its broad multiwavelength coverage allows a detailed modelling of its radiation from radio to high energies. We reanalysed the Fermi-LAT data on this region and compare it with new radio observations from the MWISP survey. The modelling of the spectral energy distribution from radio to GeV energies favours a hadronic origin of the gamma-ray emission and constrains the SNR magnetic field to be at least ∼100 µG. Despite the large magnetic field, the present acceleration of protons seems to be limited to ∼10 GeV, which points to a drastic slow down of the shock velocity due to the dense wall traced by the CO observations, surrounding the remnant. Further investigation of the gamma-ray spectral shape points to a dynamically old remnant subjected to severe escape of CRs and a decrease of acceleration efficiency. The low-energy peak of the gamma-ray spectrum also suggests that that the composition of accelerated particles might be enriched by heavy nuclei which is certainly expected for a core-collapse SNR. Alternatively, the contribution of the compressed pre-existing Galactic cosmic rays is discussed, which is, however, found to not likely be the dominant process for gamma-ray production.
Global analysis of the TRAPPIST Ultra-Cool Dwarf Transit Survey
Authors: Lienhard F , Queloz D , Gillon M , Burdanov A , Delrez L , Ducrot E , Handley W , Jehin E , Murray C A , Triaud A H M J , Gillen E , Mortier A , Rackham B V 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
We conducted a global analysis of the TRAPPIST Ultra-Cool Dwarf Transit Survey – a prototype of the SPECULOOS transit search conducted with the TRAPPIST-South robotic telescope in Chile from 2011 to 2017 – to estimate the occurrence rate of close-in planets such as TRAPPIST-1b orbiting ultra-cool dwarfs. For this purpose, the photometric data of 40 nearby ultra-cool dwarfs were reanalysed in a self-consistent and fully automated manner starting from the raw images. The pipeline developed specifically for this task generates differential light curves, removes non-planetary photometric features and stellar variability, and searches for transits. It identifies the transits of TRAPPIST-1b and TRAPPIST-1c without any human intervention. To test the pipeline and the potential output of similar surveys, we injected planetary transits into the light curves on a star-by-star basis and tested whether the pipeline is able to detect them. The achieved photometric precision enables us to identify Earth-sized planets orbiting ultra-cool dwarfs as validated by the injection tests. Our planet-injection simulation further suggests a lower limit of 10 per cent on the occurrence rate of planets similar to TRAPPIST-1b with a radius between 1 and 1.3 R⊕ and the orbital period between 1.4 and 1.8 d.
SPIDERS: overview of the X-ray galaxy cluster follow-up and the final spectroscopic data release
Authors: Clerc N , Kirkpatrick C C , Finoguenov A , Capasso R , Comparat J , Damsted S , Furnell K , Kukkola A E , Ider Chitham J , Merloni A , Salvato M , Gueguen A , Dwelly T , Collins C , Saro A , Erfanianfar G , Schneider D P , Brownstein J , Mamon G A , Padilla N , Jullo E , Bizyaev D 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
SPIDERS (The SPectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources) is a large spectroscopic programme for X-ray selected galaxy clusters as part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-IV (SDSS-IV). We describe the final data set in the context of SDSS Data Release 16 (DR16): the survey overall characteristics, final targeting strategies, achieved completeness, and spectral quality, with special emphasis on its use as a galaxy cluster sample for cosmology applications. SPIDERS now consists of about 27 000 new optical spectra of galaxies selected within 4000 photometric red sequences, each associated with an X-ray source. The excellent spectrograph efficiency and a robust analysis pipeline yield a spectroscopic redshift measurement success rate exceeding 98 per cent, with a median velocity accuracy of 20 km s−1 (at z = 0.2). Using the catalogue of 2740 X-ray galaxy clusters confirmed with DR16 spectroscopy, we reveal the 3D map of the galaxy cluster distribution in the observable Universe up to z ∼ 0.6. We highlight the homogeneity of the member galaxy spectra among distinct regions of the galaxy cluster phase space. Aided by accurate spectroscopic redshifts and by a model of the sample selection effects, we compute the galaxy cluster X-ray luminosity function and we present its lack of evolution up to z = 0.6. Finally we discuss the prospects of forthcoming large multiplexed spectroscopic programmes dedicated to follow up the next generation of all-sky X-ray source catalogues.
The first broad-band X-ray view of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 Ton S180
Authors: Matzeu G A , Nardini E , Parker M L , Reeves J N , Braito V , Porquet D , Middei R , Kammoun E , Lusso E , Alston W N , Giustini M , Lobban A P , Joyce A M , Igo Z , Ebrero J , Ballo L , Santos-Lleó M , Schartel N 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
We present joint XMM–Newton and NuSTAR observations of the ‘bare’ narrow-line Seyfert 1 Ton S180 (z = 0.062), carried out in 2016 and providing the first hard X-ray view of this luminous galaxy. We find that the 0.4–30 keV band cannot be self-consistently reproduced by relativistic reflection models, which fail to account simultaneously for the soft and hard X-ray emission. The smooth soft excess prefers extreme blurring parameters, confirmed by the nearly featureless nature of the Reflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS) spectrum, while the moderately broad Fe K line and the modest hard excess above 10 keV appear to arise in a milder gravity regime. By allowing a different origin of the soft excess, the broad-band X-ray spectrum and overall spectral energy distribution (SED) are well explained by a combination of (a) direct thermal emission from the accretion disc, dominating from the optical to the far/extreme UV; (b) Comptonization of seed disc photons by a warm (kTe ∼ 0.3 keV) and optically thick (τ ∼ 10) corona, mostly contributing to the soft X-rays; (c) Comptonization by a standard hot ($kT_{\rm \mathrm{ e}}\gtrsim 100$ keV) and optically thin (τ &lt; 0.5) corona, responsible for the primary X-ray continuum; and (d) reflection from the mid/outer part of the disc. The two coronae are suggested to be rather compact, with $R_{\rm hot}\lesssim R_{\rm warm}\lesssim 10\, r_{\rm g}$. Our SED analysis implies that Ton S180 accretes at super-Eddington rates. This is a key condition for the launch of a wind, marginal (i.e. 3.1σ significance) evidence of which is indeed found in the RGS spectrum.
Prion protein lowering is a disease-modifying therapy across prion disease stages, strains and endpoints
Authors: Minikel Eric Vallabh , Zhao Hien T , Le Jason , O’Moore Jill , Pitstick Rose , Graffam Samantha , Carlson George A , Kavanaugh Michael P , Kriz Jasna , Kim Jae Beom , Ma Jiyan , Wille Holger , Aiken Judd , McKenzie Deborah , Doh-ura Katsumi , Beck Matthew , O’Keefe Rhonda , Stathopoulos Jacquelyn , Caron Tyler , Schreiber Stuart L , Carroll Jeffrey B , Kordasiewicz Holly B , Cabin Deborah E , Vallabh Sonia M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Lowering of prion protein (PrP) expression in the brain is a genetically validated therapeutic hypothesis in prion disease. We recently showed that antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)-mediated PrP suppression extends survival and delays disease onset in intracerebrally prion-infected mice in both prophylactic and delayed dosing paradigms. Here, we examine the efficacy of this therapeutic approach across diverse paradigms, varying the dose and dosing regimen, prion strain, treatment timepoint, and examining symptomatic, survival, and biomarker readouts. We recapitulate our previous findings with additional PrP-targeting ASOs, and demonstrate therapeutic benefit against four additional prion strains. We demonstrate that &lt;25% PrP suppression is sufficient to extend survival and delay symptoms in a prophylactic paradigm. Rise in both neuroinflammation and neuronal injury markers can be reversed by a single dose of PrP-lowering ASO administered after the detection of pathological change. Chronic ASO-mediated suppression of PrP beginning at any time up to early signs of neuropathology confers benefit similar to constitutive heterozygous PrP knockout. Remarkably, even after emergence of frank symptoms including weight loss, a single treatment prolongs survival by months in a subset of animals. These results support ASO-mediated PrP lowering, and PrP-lowering therapeutics in general, as a promising path forward against prion disease.
Faculty Survey on the Status of Lymphology Education in Professional Doctor of Physical Therapy Programs
Authors: Doubblestein David A. , Yorke Amy M. , Larson Cathy A. 
Published: July 2020

Background and Purpose:
The lymphatic system is vital for fluid homeostasis, waste removal, immunity, and tissue healing. It can be impacted by multiple diseases and traumatic processes seen by physical therapists across practice settings; hence, lymphology education in professional (entry-level) doctor of physical therapy (DPT) programs is needed. Studies to obtain information about professional DPT lymphology education have not been conducted for 20 years. The purposes of this study were to (1) describe current, typical lymphology content within professional DPT programs; and (2) identify whether lymphology content is perceived as entry-level material amongst professional DPT faculty who were responsible for teaching lymphology content (TL) and professional DPT faculty who did not teach lymphology content (NTL).

Subjects:
Professional DPT faculty (N = 43) in the United States who taught or did not teach lymphology curriculum.

Methods:
Cross-sectional online survey research design. Descriptive data were gathered on lymphology content, hours, and curriculum standings. The χ2 test assessed relationships between faculty status and entry-level lymphology curriculum status. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient assessed relationships between teaching hours and entry-level status.

Results:
Variability exists across curricula in range of hours devoted to didactic (0.4-14.1 hours) and laboratory (0-10 hours) instruction pertaining to lymphology. Individual curriculum contents were predominantly considered entry-level material.

Limitations:
Response rate was limited.

Conclusion:
Consistent lymphology curriculum content and format are lacking within the professional DPT programs that participated in the survey, indicating opportunities for advancements in entry-level lymphology education and investigation into best educational practices for teaching this content.
Radiographic Predictors of Difficult McGrath MAC Videolaryngoscopy in Patient Undergoing Cervical Spine Surgery
Authors: Yoon Sehee , Oh Hyongmin , Yoon Hyun-Kyu , Lee Hyung-Chul , Park Hee-Pyoung 
Published: July 2020

Background:
McGrath MAC videolaryngoscopy is a useful technique for successful intubation in cervical spine-injured patients with manual in-line stabilization of the neck during intubation. We aimed to identify radiographic predictors of difficult McGrath MAC videolaryngoscopy in patient undergoing cervical spine surgery.

Methods:
Patients undergoing cervical spine surgery who were intubated with a McGrath MAC videolaryngoscope under manual in-line stabilization of the neck between June 2016 and August 2018 were included in this study. Data on airway-related variables and radiographic indices obtained from preoperative lateral cervical spine x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography (CT) scans were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into difficult and easy McGrath MAC videolaryngoscopic intubation groups on the basis of intubation time and the number of intubation attempts.

Results:
In total, 183 patients were included in the study of which 33 (18%) showed difficult videolaryngoscopic intubation. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, atlanto-occipital distance (odds ratio [OR], 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62-0.89; P=0.001) on lateral cervical spine x-ray, incisor-C1-C6 angle in neck extension on lateral cervical spine x-ray (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.02-1.22; P=0.015), tongue area/oral cavity area ratio in the mid-sagittal plane of cervical magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.05-1.19; P<0.001), and interincisor gap (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.86-0.98; P=0.015) were independent risk factors for difficult videolaryngoscopic intubation.

Conclusions:
Radiographic variables indicating enlarged tongue relative to the oral cavity and limited neck extension were associated with difficult McGrath MAC videolaryngoscopy in patients undergoing cervical spine surgery with manual in-line cervical stabilization during intubation.