bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomic layer deposition of AlN using trimethylaluminium and ammonia
Authors: Beshkova M , Deminskyi P , Pedersen H , Yakimova R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Thin AlN films were grown in a Picosun R-200 atomic layer deposition (ALD) reactor on Si substrates. Trimethylaluminium (TMA) and NH3 were used as precursors; the substrates were cleaned in-situ by H2 and N2 plasma. The surface morphology of the films grown was studied in the temperature range 350 – 450 °C. The films’ crystalline structure was investigated by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. The AlN films were polycrystalline with a hexagonal wurtzite structure regardless of the substrate temperature.
The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed nanometer-sized crystallites, with the size increasing from 10 nm to 30 nm as the deposition temperature was increased. The results are promising in view of further studies of the properties of thin AlN films.
Structural and optical properties of thin TiO2:C films – influence of the substrate-erosion zone radial distance
Authors: Angelov Orlin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The structural and optical properties were studied of thin TiO2:C films deposited on glass substrates by r.f. magnetron co-sputtering of a TiO2 target and carbon plates placed on its erosion zone in an atmosphere of Ar (0.5 Pa) + air(0.6 Pa). The total area of the carbon plates was 830 mm2, and the radial distance between the center of the glass substrates (15×25×1 mm) and the circle of the erosion zone with a maximum sputtering rate was 2 cm and 4 cm. The as-deposited and annealed (air, 400 °C, 1 h) thin films with a thickness of about 150 nm were studied via reflectance and transmittance measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), grazing incidence X-ray diffractometry (GI XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The optical spectra of the thin films deposited at the higher radial distance from the erosion zone maximum demonstrated absorption in the visible range. The XRD patterns revealed a mix of amorphous and nano-crystalline anatase and rutile TiO2 phases in all thin films. The reflections of the experimental XRD patterns indicated the presence of tensile stress in the grains. The Raman spectra confirmed the nano-crystalline structure of the anatase and rutile phases of the films. The incorporation is discussed of C atoms in the TiO2 films.
Tribological properties of aluminium reinforced by TiCN nanosized powder
Authors: Kolev M , Valkov S , Lazarova R , Petrov P , Dimitrova R , Dyakova V 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The work is aimed at investigating the tribological properties of aluminium surface modified by electron beam with TiCN nanoparticles as a reinforcing phase. In the course of study, the microstructure is observed and the surface of treated and untreated specimens are tested and compared in order to determine the influence of the reinforcing TiCN phase on the coefficient of friction, the friction force, and the linear mass wear. The tribological properties are evaluated by the pin-on-disk technique in a lubricating medium. The TiCN nanoparticles embedded in the aluminium matrix are obstacles to any dislocation motion, which improves the tribological properties of the samples’ surfaces. The acting wear mechanisms are discussed.
Charged Kaons semi-leptonic form factors from NA48/2
Authors: Lamanna G 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The NA48/2 experiment collected unprecedent statistics of charged kaon decays in 2003 and 2004. The main purpose of the experiment was to measure direct CP violation in kaon decays to three pions while an extensive physics program was carried out together with the main goal. The huge statistics collected allowed to test with a high accuracy the predictions of low energy QCD theories in several charged kaon decay processes. The precise measurement of the charged kaon semileptonic form factors are reported here, based on data collected in 2004 with a dedicated minimum bias trigger.
Theoretical status of ε
′/ε
Authors: Cirigliano V , Gisbert H , Pich A , Rodríguez-Sánchez A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We briefly overview the historical controversy around Standard Model predictions of ε
′/ε and clarify the underlying physics. A full update of this important observable is presented, with all known short- and long-distance contributions, including isospin-breaking corrections. The current Standard Model prediction, Re(ε
′/ε) = (14 ± 5) · 10−4 [1, 2], is in excellent agreement with the experimentally measured value.
Status and perspectives of Lepton Flavour Violation experiments with muons.
Authors: Cei F 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Lepton Flavour Violation effects are predicted in several extensions of the Standard Model at a measurable level. Since the Standard Model background, even including ν oscillations and mixing, is completely negligible, the observation of such effects would be a strong evidence for New Physics beyond the Standard Model, while a non observation with high precision experiments would put severe constraints on possible Standard Model extensions. In this talk I review the present status and the future perspectives of the Lepton Flavour Violation experiments involving µ’s and discuss the sensitivity improvements which could be obtained from new high intensity machines coupled with high resolution detectors.
Structural and Dielectric Properties of Bi-Zn Substituted Calcium Copper Titanate (CCTO)
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Mohammed J. , Tchouank Tekou Carol T. , Mukhtar G. , Halilu N. , Adamu I. A. , Maji Pradip. K. , Basandrai Deepak. , Srivastava A. K. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Calcium copper titanate (CCTO), an electroceramic with giant dielectric constant is useful in supercapacitor, microwave absorption, shielding of electromagnetic interference, and high frequency application. Bi3+-Zn2+ substituted CCTO with chemical composition Ca1-xBixCu3Ti4-xZnxO12 (0.0<x<0.2) was fortified using sol-gel auto combustion technique and were characterized using XRD, FESEM, and impedance analyser. XRD confirms the formation of CCTO phase with some traces of CuO and CaTiO3 phase. FESEM micrograph shows particles shapes close to cubic shape.
Synthesis and Characterization of Magnesium Doped ZnO Using Chemical Route
Authors: Abhijith A R , Srivastava A.K. , Srivastava Amar 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Mg-doped zinc oxide (Zn1-xMgxO) (0<x<0.8) nanostructure material is synthesized via a coprecipitation method using chemical route for application in sensing devices. The X-ray diffraction performed for analysis, confirms the growth of pure ZnO phase. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) suggest the pure phase formation of ZnO. FTIR spectra also shows the presence of bands associated with CO2 gas molecules and moisture present in the atmosphere. The formation of ZnO with no traces of Mg effect visible shift in XRD peak suggests the sample preparation process does not allow enough time to form a nanocomposite of Zn1-xMgxO.
Second Harmonic Generation by ultra-fast Lasers in Plasma.
Authors: Dua Harleen Kaur , Kant Niti , Thakur Vishal 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The interaction of laser with plasma gives rise to several novel relativistic nonlinear optical effects. Higher harmonic generation is an important nonlinear effect. High power ultrafast lasers uses chirped pulse amplification technique to reduce duration of pulse and hence produces pulses of extremely high power densities which in turn oscillates electrons in the medium. The velocity of oscillating electron beats with applied frequency giving rise to higher order harmonics. This paper presents the idea of generation of second harmonic waves with the ultra-fast lasers in plasma, phase matching conditions of second harmonic generated by self modulation under paraxial approximations and its application in imaging microscopy.
Particle-in-Cell simulation of an Ion Gun
Authors: Somu Pradeep , Moulick R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we intend to study the plasma profiles at the exit of an ion gun. Ion guns are close to the electrostatic ion thrusters. The ions are allowed to escape through an electrostatic potential difference of 100 V. The plasma density is considered to be a variable. A code is employed, based on Particle-in-cell method to study the plasma behavior at the exit of the ion gun. The code is written in 2D (r, z) coordinates. Initially, the ion velocities are sampled out of a Maxwellian distribution. However, the velocity evolves under the electrostatic potential difference with time. Computationally a sparse gridding is assumed. Various plasma profiles such as the density of ions and maximum z-directional velocity are calculated. The maximum z-velocity has been found to be on the order of 20 km/sec.
Theoretical Study of Signature-splitting and Signature-inversion in Doubly-odd Nuclei in A∼80 Mass Region
Authors: Verma Preeti , Khosa S.K. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Projected Shell model calculations have been performed using the angular-momentum projected two-quasiparticle states with the employment of a simple quadrupole-quadrupole + monopole–Pairing + quadrupole-pairing Hamiltonian to study the nuclear structure properties of doubly-odd 80Br and 82Rb isotones. The present calculations reproduce reasonably well the available experimental data on the yrast bands and also predict the new high spin states in these nuclei, where current data are still sparse. The phenomena of Signature-splitting and Signature–inversion have also been studied in detail within the context of Projected Shell Model.
Production of Terahertz Radiations by Short Pulse Lasers
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Kant Niti , Vij Shivani , Mehta Alka , Thakur Vishal 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we develop an analytical formalism for THz generation from Laser filaments in the presence of static electric field in the magnetized collisional plasma. Two femtosecond laser pulses with different frequencies undergo filamentation in magnetized collisional plasma to have non-linear coupling in the presence of transverse static electric field. This results in balancing action of static ponderomotive force with pressure gradient force and forms transverse density ripple and non-linear ponderomotive force couple with density ripple to provide strong non-linear transverse current which results in excitation of THz Radiations at resonance. This coupling is further enhanced by electric static field.
Hydrogen sulfide gas sensing properties of SnO2 thin films prepared by thermal evaporation technique
Authors: Kumar Rajesh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
It is well known that the doped SnO2 thin films are widely used as H2S gas sensors. But the application of pure SnO2 thin films as sensors for different gases is not much explored area. In this paper an attempt has been made to prepare thin films of pure SnO2 with simple and cost-effective technique such as reactive thermal evaporation and use them for application as sensors for H2S gas. These thin films show marginal sensor signal for 5-150 ppm of H2S gas in the temperature range of 160 – 220 °C.
Molecular interactions in ternary system of ethane-1, 2-diol with methanol and methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate at 298 K: An acoustic approach
Authors: Thakur Ashima , Kaur Harsimran , Nabaparna  , Juglan K.C. , Kumar Harsh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Density, speed of sound and viscosity of ethane-1,2-diol, methanol and methyl 4- hydroxybenzoate (methylparaben) at different concentrations and at constant temperature T=298K have been measured by Anton Paar DSA 5000 M density and velocity meter and Ostwald’s viscometer respectively. Experimentally measured values of density, speed of sound and viscosity are employed to calculate different ultrasonic parameters like impedance, adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, acoustic attenuation, relaxation time, relative association, relative strength, and Gibb’s free energy. Graphs for each acoustical parameter against concentration are plotted with the help of Origin. The linear variation is found for most of the acoustic parameters which implies the absence of complex formation in ternary system studied.
Acoustic and viscometric studies of ternary liquid mixtures of aqueous sodium methyl p-hydroxybenzoate with polyethylene glycols at 250C
Authors: Thakur Ashima , Juglan K.C. , Kumar Harsh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The various ultrasonic parameters like acoustic impedance, adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, relaxation time, relative association, attenuation and Gibb’s free energy of polyethylene glycols with molecular weight 200 and 600 in aqueous sodium methyl para-hydroxybenzoate is evaluated at 250C from the density, speed of sound and viscosity. Jone-Dole’s equation has been employed to analyze the experimental results of viscosity. The existence of interaction among the fragments of ternary liquid mixtures has been determined from viscosity coefficients. The polyethylene glycols act as the structure builder in water. The viscosity coefficient B surges with escalation in molecular mass of polyethylene glycols. The structure builder property of polyethylene glycols follows the order PEG-600 > PEG-200.
Effect of pulsed magnetic field on electron acceleration due to plasma wave generated by plane polarised laser
Authors: Bukhari Syed Shakir Ashraf Shah , Kant Niti , Rajput Jyoti 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Electron acceleration due to plasma wakefield generated by plane polarised laser field in the presence of pulsed magnetic field has been investigated. Laser propagation is considered in transverse direction to the plasma wave. The electron gets trapped in the plasma wakefield and excited in the combined effect of plasma and laser fields. The pulsed magnetic field induces a resonant effect and contributes to additional gain in the electron energy. Laser, plasma and applied magnetic field parameters are optimized to achieve high energy gain.
Non linear surface plasma wave assisted electron acceleration in metal structure
Authors: Kaur Kanwal Gurbakhsish , Kumar Pawan , Kant Niti , Rajput Jyoti 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The electron dynamics is realized by the field of surface plasma waves, which are created by the interaction of a femto-second laser and a metal sheet of finite thickness. The amplitude of surface plasma wave is maximum at the interface of two media and starts decays exponentially as we move far from the boundary. The applied magnetic field (along y-axis) is utilized to bend the trajectory of electron and helps the electron to gain energy by resonance between electron, magnetic and SPW fields and as a result, the electron gets accelerated.
Electron acceleration by cosh-Gaussian laser beam in the presence of axial magnetic field
Authors: Singh Jitender , Rajput Jyoti , Kant Niti 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine electron acceleration by cosh-Gaussian laser beam (CGLB) and axial magnetic field. CGLB possesses higher power and has ability to focus earlier than the Gaussian beam. Nonlinear differential equations are derived for CGLB for energy and velocity. The dependence of electron energy gained for different values of laser intensity parameter ‘ao’ has been graphically plotted. It is examined that both laser and axial magnetic field significantly affects the electron energy.
Photonic crystal fibers and its applications in gas sensing-a review
Authors: Mukherjee Suman , Ashish Chouhan P S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
For last couple of decades scientists and engineers made a significant progress in fabricating and developing photonic crystal fibers that show some of the very unique properties and because of this, photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have the potential to revolutionize the fiber optic industry in way never happens before. These types of fibers are fabricated and designed on the scale of optical wavelength, a fraction of a micrometer or less. One of the many applications of photonic crystal fibers is the sensing of gas and consequently it could be used as a gas sensor. Many scientists have already reported the use of PCFs as a gas sensor. In this review article, the work done by other scientists using photonic crystal fibers as a gas sensor have been reported. We have also talked about the future applications of PCFs as a gas sensor in different industry.
Radon Concentration in Chandigarh, India using LR-115 detector
Authors: Gewali Jeeban Pd , Singh Manmeet , Kaur Navneet , Kaur Kamaljit , Thakur Ankush , Jaishy Bimla , Saxena Atul 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Radon monitoring has become a global phenomenon due to its health hazards. Mostly LR-115 detectors are being used to obtain the concentration levels of radon/thoron and their daughters. Studies have reported of the total exposure of radon to human being indor radon accounts for more than 50%. So study of radon in different region gains significance. In this paper we have studied the indoor radon concentration in various localities of Chandigarh a union territory and capital town of Punjab, India. We also compared the result with all India radon concentration level and WHO/UNSCEAR effective dose limit.
Magnetic Field Assisted Electron Acceleration Due To Inverse Free Electron Laser
Authors: Agarwal Shubham , Kant Niti , Rajput Jyoti 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Electron acceleration by an Inverse Free Electron Laser (IFEL) pulse in the presence of static magnetic field has been studied. With high intensity laser and plasma interaction, plasma wakefield can be excited which can be further utilized to accelerate injected electrons. Highly energetic laser interacting with plasma excites a wakefield in which injected relativistic electrons are trapped. The presence of static magnetic field provides the additional resonance to the trapped electrons, and the energy of laser is transferred to electrons effectively thereby, resulting in highly energetic electrons of higher energy gain.
Rayleigh waves with impedance boundary conditions in a non local micropolar thermoelastic material
Authors: Singh Kulwinder , Shruti  
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The present paper analyzes the propagation of Rayleigh waves in a non-local micropolar thermoelastic half space with impedance boundary conditions. Dispersion equation of Rayleigh wave propagation with impedance boundary conditions is obtained and the effect of impedance and non local parameters are studied. Dispersion equation of Rayleigh waves for a micropolar thermoelastic half space with impedance boundary as well as traction free half-space is obtained as a particular case. The non-dimensional speed of Rayleigh wave is computed as a function of impedance parameters and presented graphically for a aluminum epoxy material. It is observed that non local and impedance parameters has significant effects on Rayleigh wave speed.
Impact of Industry on the Forest Resources
Authors: Kaur Rajinder Pal 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this manuscript, a two-dimensional mathematical model consisting of forest biomass and industry is proposed and analyzed. In this dynamical system, the impact of the industry has been studied for the conservation of forests. It is assumed that industry consumes forests for its development and the government has a check on the industry to conserve biomass. The local stability and bifurcation analysis of the model have been studied. We have carried out the Hopf-bifurcation analysis by considering government control as a bifurcation parameter. All analytical results are properly validated by numerical simulation.
A two-state multiserver retrial queueing model with balking
Authors: Singla Neelam , Kalra Sonia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper discusses a two-state multiserver retrial queueing system with balking. Entering customer is admitted to join any idle server and receive his service immediately. On the other hand, if all the servers are busy, then the entering customer joins the orbit or balks from the system. Arrival of primary calls and repetition of repeating calls both follow Poisson distribution. Service times of each server follow exponential distribution. By solving the difference-differential equations recursively, we obtained transient probabilities of exact number of arrivals and exact number of departures at when all some or none servers are busy. Results for particular cases are also discussed.
Analysis of various reliability parameters for rice industry
Authors: Kumar P , Kumar A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The present study deals with the analysis of various parameters in view of reliability for a manufacturing plant namely rice manufacturing plant, for considered conditions as well as availability during the season for the regenerating Markov model. The Laplace transformation has been used to simplify and for the explicit expressions of Availability, Reliability, MTTF. The numerical illustrations have been carried out for the data available in the literature. The profit analysis, sensitivity analysis carried out for the considered model.
The Study of Combined Effect of Delay Induced by Acid and Toxic Metal on Plant Population: A Modeling Approach
Authors: Kalra P , Kumar P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A mathematical framework is put forward to study the combined effect of acid and toxic metal on plant population growth with delay. It is supposed that the rate at which the nutrient is taken up by the plant from the soil is adversely affected in the excessive availability of acid and toxic metal. It is also observed that the concentration of nutrient and the plant population density decreases due to the presence of acid and toxic metal. This effect is shown by considering the delay in state variable: favourable resources. The stability of the system gets disturbed by the introduction of delay parameter. For the critical value of delay parameter, Hopf bifurcation is also seen. The sensitivity of model solutions for different values of model parameters is established using sensitivity analysis. MATLAB code is used for simulation.
A new generalization of bi-periodic Jacobsthal polynomials
Authors: Bala Ankur , Verma Vipin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we have introduced a new generalization of Jacobsthal polynomial (bi-periodic Jacobsthal polynomial), have obtained Binet’s formula, generating function, well-known Cassini’s, Catalan’s and d’Ocagne’s Identities and some more results related to this polynomial.
A comprehensive survey on prime graphs
Authors: Parthiban A. , Dayal Ram 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This article presents a short and concise survey on prime graphs. The field of graph theory plays a vital role in various fields. One of the important areas in graph theory is graph labeling used in many applications like “coding theory, x - ray crystallography, radar, astronomy, circuit design, communication network addressing, and data base management”. An assignment of integers to the vertices or edges or to both of a graph G(V,E) subject to certain constraints is called a graph labeling. The notion of “prime labeling” was originated by Entringer and considered in a paper by Tout, Dabboucy, and Howalla. A bijection f:V(G) → {1,2,3,…,|V|} is called a prime labeling of G if for each edge e = st, GCD(f(s),f(t)) = 1. where GCD denotes the greatest common divisor. We call G a prime graph if it admits a prime labeling. This article stands divided into six sections. The first and sixth sections are reserved respectively for introduction and a few important references. Sections 2, 3, and 4, respectively deal with the prime labeling of certain classes of graphs such as path, cycle, complete graph, complete bipartite graph, bipartite graphs, join and product graphs, wheel related graphs etc. wherein some known results of high importance have been recalled. The fifth section deals with the enumeration of conjectures and open problems in respect of prime labeling that still remain unsolved.