bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Hyperoxia-Induced Lung Injury from Associated Intestinal and Lung Dysbiosis in Neonatal Mice
Authors: Chen Chung-Ming , Chou Hsiu-Chu , Yang Yu-Chen , Su Emily Chia-Yu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Newborns with respiratory disorders often require supplemental oxygen. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that hyperoxia disrupts the intestinal barrier, impairs intestinal function, and injures the lungs of newborn animals. The effects of neonatal hyperoxia on intestinal and lung microbiota and the role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of hyperoxia-induced lung injury have not been investigated.Results: In this study, we evaluated the effect of neonatal hyperoxia on intestine and lung microbiota alterations in neonatal C57BL/6N mice reared in either room air (RA) or hyperoxia (85% O2) from postnatal days 1 to 7. On postnatal day 7, lung and intestinal microbiota were sampled from the left lung and lower gastrointestinal tract for 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Tissue from the right lung and terminal ileum were harvested for Western blot and histology analysis. Hyperoxia decreased body weight, induced intestinal injury, decreased intestinal tight junction expression, impaired lung alveolarization and angiogenesis, and increased lung cytokines in neonatal mice. Hyperoxia also altered intestinal and lung microbiota and promoted bacterial translocation from the intestine to the lung as evidenced by the presence of intestinal bacteria in the lungs of hyperoxia-exposed neonatal mice. The relative abundance of these bacterial taxa was significantly positively correlated with lung cytokines. Intestinal and lung microbiota combined with cytokines were incorporated into machine learning algorithms to develop prediction models for the classification of RA- or hyperoxia-reared mice. The experiment results demonstrated that a Bayes network achieved the best predictive performance, attaining accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve values of 94.4%, 88.9%, 100%, and 0.963, respectively. Selected discriminative features included lung cytokines (interleukin-1β, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, and tumor necrosis factor-α), lung microbiota (Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010, CAG-56, and Enterobacter), and intestinal microbiota (Peptococcaceae_ge, Muribaculum, Enterobacter, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010). Conclusions: Neonatal hyperoxia exposure during the first week of life induced intestinal and lung dysbiosis and promoted bacterial translocation from the intestine to the lung. These findings suggest that changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota contribute to hyperoxia-induced lung injury and that the combination of intestinal and lung microbiota may indicate hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal mice.
Self-Reported Taste and Smell Disorders in Patients with COVID-19: Distinct Features in China
Authors: Song Jia , Deng Yi-Ke , Wang Hai , Wang Zhi-Chao , Liao Bo , Ma Jin , He Chao , Pan Li , Liu Yang , Alobid Isam , Wang De-Yun , Zeng Ming , Mullol Joaquim , Liu Zheng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Last December 2019, a cluster of viral pneumonia cases identified as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was reported in Wuhan, China. We aimed to explore the frequencies of nasal symptoms in patients with COVID-19, including loss of smell and taste, as well as their presentation as the first symptom of the disease and their association with the severity of COVID-19.Methods: In this retrospective study, 1,206 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients were included and followed-up by telephone call one month after discharged from Tongji Hospital, Wuhan. Demographic data, laboratory values, comorbidities, symptoms, and numerical rating scale scores (0-10) of nasal symptoms were extracted from the hospital medical records, and confirmed or reevaluated by the telephone follow-up. Results: From COVID-19 patients (N = 1,172) completing follow-up, 199 (17%) subjects had severe COVID-19 and 342 (29.2%) reported nasal symptoms. The most common nasal symptom was loss of taste (20.6%, median score = 6), while 11.4% had loss of smell (median score = 5). The incidence of nasal symptom including loss of smell and loss of taste as the first onset symptom was <1% in COVID-19 patients. Loss of smell or taste scores showed no correlation with the scores of other nasal symptoms. Loss of taste scores, but not loss of smell scores, were significantly increased in severe vs. non-severe COVID-19 patients. Interleukin (IL)-6 and lactose dehydrogenase (LDH) serum levels positively correlated with loss of taste scores. About 80% of COVID-19 patients recovered from smell and taste dysfunction in 2 weeks.Conclusions: In the Wuhan COVID-19 cohort, only 1 out of 10 hospital admitted patients had loss of smell while 1 out 5 reported loss of taste which was associated to severity of COVID-19. Most patients recovered smell and taste dysfunctions in 2 weeks.
Vertical Equity in Access to Health Insurance Services: a Qualitative Analysis of Perceptions and Enrollment in the Jirapa Municipality, North-Western Ghana.
Authors: Domapielle Maximillian Kolbe , Akurugu Constance Awinpoka , Derbile Emmanuel Kanchebe 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Given concerns about the spiralling cost of health services in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs), this study draws on a framework for assessing poverty and access to health services to ascertain progress towards achieving vertical equity in the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in a rural setting in northern Ghana. Rural-urban disparities in financial access to NHIS services are seldom explored in equity-related studies although there is a knowledge gap of progress and challenges of implementing the scheme’s vertical equity objectives to inform social health protection planning and implementation. Methods: A qualitative approach was used to collect and analyse the data. Specifically, in-depth interviews and observation provided the needed data to critically analyse the relationship between location, livelihoods and ability to pay for health insurance services. Results: The article found that flat rate contributions for populations in the informal sector of the economy and lack of flexibility and adaptability of timing premium collections to the needs of rural residents make the cost of membership disproportionately higher for them, and this situation contradicts the vertical equity objectives of the NHIS. Conclusion: The study concludes that the current payment arrangements serve as important deterrence to poor rural residents enrolling in the scheme. Based on this, we advocate strict adherence and implementation of the scheme’s vertical equity measures through the adoption of the Ghana National Household Register (GNHR) as a tool for ensuring that contributions are based on income and also collection is well-timed.
Implications of Liver Injury in Risk-Stratification and Management of Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Shao Jiaofang , Liang Yuan , Li Yan , Ding Rong , Zhu Mengyan , You Wenhua , Wang Ziyu , Huang Bing , Wu Min , Zhang Tingting , Li Kening , Wu Wei , Wu Lingxiang , Wang Qianghu , Xia Xinyi , Wang Shukui , Lu Ling 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundInfection with SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with liver dysfunction, aggravation of liver burden, and liver injury. This study aimed to assess the effects of liver injuries on the clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19.MethodsA total of 1,564 patients with severe or critical COVID-19 from Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan, were enrolled. Chronic liver disease (CLD) was confirmed by consensus diagnostic criteria. Laboratory test results were compared between different groups. scRNA-seq data and bulk gene expression profiles were used to identify cell types associated with liver injury.ResultsA total of 10.98% of patients with severe or critical COVID-19 developed liver injury after admission that was associated with significantly higher rates of mortality (21.74%, p<0.001) and intensive care unit admission (26.71%, p<0.001). A pre-existing CLD was not associated with a higher risk. However, fatty liver disease and cirrhosis were associated with higher risks, supported by evidences from single cell and bulk transcriptome analysis that showed more TMPRSS2+ cells in these tissues. By generating a model, we were able to predict the risk and severity of liver injury during hospitalization.ConclusionWe demonstrate that liver injury occurring during therapy in patients with COVID-19 is significantly associated with the severity of disease and mortality, but the presence of CLD is not associated. We provide a risk-score model that can predict whether patients with COVID-19 will develop liver injury or proceed to higher risk stages during subsequent hospitalizations. These findings may prove beneficial for the clinical management of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
A global assessment of the impact of school closure in reducing COVID-19 spread
Authors: Wu Joseph T. , Mei Shujiang , Luo Sihui , Leung Kathy , Liu Di , Lv Qiuying , Liu Jian , Li Yuan , Weng Jianping , Feng Tiejian , Zheng Xueying , Leung Gabriel M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Prolonged school closure has been adopted worldwide to control COVID-19. Such preemptive implementation was predicated on the premise that school children are a core group for COVID-19 transmission. Using surveillance data from the Chinese cities of Shenzhen and Anqing, we inferred that children aged 18 or below are only around half as susceptible to COVID-19 infection as adults. Using transmission models parameterized with synthetic contact matrices for 152 jurisdictions around the world, we showed that the lower susceptibility of school children substantially limited the effectiveness of school closure in reducing COVID-19 transmissibility. Our results, together with recent findings that clinical severity of COVID-19 in children is lower, suggest that school closure may not be ideal as a sustained, primary intervention for controlling COVID-19.
Occurrence and Characteristics of the Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterale in a Hospital Setting
Authors: Elsafi Salah H. 
Published: August 2020

Objectives:Infectious diseases caused by ESBL-producingEnterobacteraleare an emerging problem worldwide, which increase hospital costs, empirical treatment failure, together with rates of morbidity and mortality. The aims of this study were to determine the antibiotic-resistant patterns and the frequency ofblaTEM,blaCTX-M andblaSHV genes amongEnterobacterale.Methods:A total of 239 non-repeated clinical isolates of theEnterobacteralefamily, including 202 (84.5%)Escherichia coliandKlebsiella pneumoniae25 (12.3%) were collected. Identification and susceptibility tests were carried out on 60 (25.9%) ESBL phenotypes using biomérieux VITEK®2 compact system. Isolates showing ESBL positivity by the phenotypic method were all screened forblaTEM,blaCTX-M andblaSHV genes by PCR.Results:The prevalence of ESBL-producingEnterobacteraleisolates was found to be 25.9%. These ESBL-producing isolates displayed an increasing rate of resistance for aminopenicillins (ampicillin) (96.3%), followed by piperacillin-tazobactam (54.2%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (45.8), the cephalosporin groups, ceftriaxone (52.4%), ceftazidime (46.7%), and fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin) (42.7%). Both the organisms showed a higher susceptibility to the carbapenems (Imipenem) and aminoglycosides (Amikacin). Out of the 62 ESBL positive isolates, 11 (17.7%) carried the TEM gene, 22 (35.5%) carried the CTX-M gene alone, 8 (12.9%) carried both TEM and CTX-M genes, 1(1.6%) carried both SHV and CTX-M genes, and 20 (32.3%) carried the TEM, SHV, and CTX-M genes. SHV gene alone was not reported in any of the isolates.Conclusion:The study indicated a moderate occurrence of ESBL-producingEnterobacteralewith CTX-M being the most dominant gene. The co-existence of all three genes on many occasions suggested the carriage of multiple plasmids with three resistance genes that might pose a serious epidemiological, clinical and public health threat.
Função, atividade e participação na percepção do paciente com dor lombar crônica: estudo em um grupo focal
Authors: Silva Sheila Aparecida da , Alves Victor Silva , Souza Lara Andrade , Donzeli Marina Andrade , Bertoncello Dernival 
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Identificar a percepção da dor lombar (DL) crônica em usuários de uma unidade de reabilitação fisioterapêutica de um município de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória descritiva e qualitativa. Realizaram-se grupos focais com usuários do serviço de saúde de ambos os sexos com idade superior a 18 anos, diagnóstico médico de DL crônica, e em reabilitação física. As unidades norteadoras foram: conversando sobre dor e tratamentos prévios para alívio da dor, programadas por roteiro semiestruturado. Emergiram as unidades: fala dos profissionais de saúde e a fala dos colegas de trabalho e familiares. As falas foram gravadas, transcritas e analisadas utilizando a Técnica de Elaboração e Análise de Unidades de Significado. Utilizou-se o escore de dor do Índice de Incapacidade de Oswestry (IIO) e o IIO completo para avaliação da dor e da funcionalidade. Resultados: 14 pacientes (média de idade 52 ± 3 anos), na maioria mulheres, relataram DL crônica em média há 5 ± 5 anos. O valor médio do escore de dor foi de 1,37 ± 1,72 e média de incapacidade de 21,96% (IC95% 15,43 – 28,50%). Os relatos sobre a dor foram: ‘um incômodo’, ‘uma doença’, ‘incapacidade’, tratada com remédios e Fisioterapia; profissionais da saúde demonstram ‘negligência’, ‘agressão’ ou ‘proibição’; enquanto família e colegas de trabalho demonstram ‘desprezo’, ‘represália’ ou ‘apoio’. Conclusão: A percepção da DL crônica equivale a incômodo, desconforto, doença, restrições, agressão, negligência, desprezo, represália ou apoio a um misto de sensações físicas e psicológicas.
Performance control considering risks for construction projects
Authors: Cuadros López Alvaro Julio , Rangel Collazos Vanessa , Aguilar Cristina 
Published: August 2020

La toma de decisiones durante la ejecución de los proyectos es de vital importancia para el éxito de los mismos. Para facilitar ese proceso se ha desarrollado el método de Gestión del valor ganado (EVM), que integra el alcance, tiempo y costo, para medir el desempeño del proyecto e identificar variaciones con el plan original del mismo. Identificando variaciones en el desempeño el Gerente de proyectos debe realizar los correctivos necesarios para reorientar el proyecto. Sin embargo, siendo un método determinístico la menor variación es considerada un problema de desempeño, lo que es objeto de críticas actualmente. El propósito de este artículo es proponer un método basado en EVM para identificar rangos de control de tiempo y costo que permitan al Gerente de Proyecto determinar cuándo se deben tomar correctivos. La propuesta fue validada en un proyecto del sector construcción, mostrando su utilidad.
Metodología multicriterio para la selección de proveedores bajo consideraciones de riesgo
Authors: Escandón Lópéz Juan Camilo , Parra Calderón Cristian Andrés , Osorio Gómez Juan Carlos 
Published: August 2020

Uno de los aspectos que mayor relevancia viene cobrando en la gestión de las cadenas de suministro es el relacionado con la gestión de los proveedores. En este proceso, la selección es una actividad fundamental, puesto que de lo acertada que sea esta decisión derivarán los resultados del sistema productivo. Se ha demostrado en la literatura que la selección de proveedores es un problema multicriterio y por tanto, requiere la utilización de metodologías apropiadas para este tipo de problemas. Una de las metodologías multicriterio que viene tomando fuerza en el campo de los problemas de toma de decisión multicriterio es el AHP difuso (Proceso analítico jerárquico difuso), el cual combina el tradicional AHP con la lógica difusa. Otro aspecto fundamental dentro de la gestión de las cadenas de suministro modernas es el relacionado con los riesgos. Gestionar adecuadamente los riesgos es vital para la supervivencia de las organizaciones. Este artículo propone una aplicación del AHP difuso para la selección de proveedores involucrando dentro de los criterios de selección el riesgo operacional. La metodología propuesta es aplicada en el proceso de selección de un proveedor de materia prima de una empresa manufacturera en Colombia, arrojando resultados satisfactorios para la organización al seleccionar el proveedor que responde de la mejor manera al conjunto de los criterios establecidos por la empresa. La metodología propuesta representa un método eficaz para evaluar diferentes proveedores de acuerdo a un conjunto de criterios seleccionados por un grupo de responsables en el proceso de toma de decisión mediante el uso de diferentes matrices de comparación.
ISO 9001 version 2015 implementation guide
Authors: Buritica Macías Ángela María , Buriticá Noreña Carlos Alberto , López Quintero José Germán 
Published: August 2020

Las empresas que requieran la implementación de la nueva versión de la norma de calidad ISO 9001:2015, deben acudir a un asesor de calidad para realizar su aplicación, implicando costos y mayor tiempo para cumplir con este objetivo. Mediante esta guía de implementación se facilita a las organizaciones aplicar los requerimientos sin necesidad de un asesor y adaptarla a sus necesidades. Se realizó una revisión a la nueva versión y a la anterior donde se encontraron modificaciones a los numerales de 8 a 10 y estructuralmente se dio énfasis en el contexto de la organización al incluir los factores internos y externos que la afectan. Esto permite dar cumplimiento de manera coherente a los requisitos del cliente, los legales y reglamentarios con el propósito de aumentar la satisfacción del mismo; también involucró los riesgos como efecto de una incertidumbre asociados a su contexto y a los objetivos de la organización y los incorporó a los requisitos de la norma. Finalmente se presentan los cambios respecto a la versión año 2008 para que sean aplicados en la actualización a la nueva versión en las empresas que lo requieran.
Another Look at the Macroeconomic Information Content of Aggregate Earnings: Evidence from the Labor Market
Authors: Hann Rebecca N. , Li Congcong , Ogneva Maria 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
We examine the macroeconomic information content of aggregate earnings from the labor market's perspective. We use insights from the labor economics literature to characterize the information contained in aggregate GAAP earnings and its components that is relevant for predicting aggregate job creation and destruction. Our results suggest that not only does aggregate earnings news convey information about future labor market aggregates, but its information content is incremental to other macroeconomic variables at near-term horizons. Further, the source of this information stems primarily from two earnings components: aggregate core earnings and special items. Shocks to core earnings signal persistent changes in economy-wide profitability that predict aggregate job creation up to four quarters ahead, while shocks to special items predict job destruction up to one quarter. Taken together, our results suggest that aggregate earnings contain useful information about future labor market conditions, with the nature of such information varying across earnings components.
JEL Classifications: E37; E44; G17; G24; M41.
Policy Uncertainty and Accounting Quality
Authors: El Ghoul Sadok , Guedhami Omrane , Kim Yongtae , Yoon Hyo Jin 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
Using data from 19 countries over the 1990–2015 period, we examine how economic policy uncertainty (EPU) affects accounting quality. We find that accounting quality, measured based on Nikolaev's (2018) model, increases during periods of high policy uncertainty. This relation is confirmed by the negative association between EPU and performance-adjusted discretionary accruals in a multivariate setting, and it extends to various alternative measures of earnings properties. We also find that the positive relation between EPU and accounting quality is more pronounced for government-dependent firms and firms with higher political risk. Additional analyses based on institutional investors' trading behavior, media freedom, and press circulation suggest that market participants' attention is a mechanism through which EPU affects accounting quality. Further, we find evidence that high accounting quality can mitigate the negative effects of EPU on corporate investment and valuation.
Data Availability: All data are publicly available from sources indicated in the text.
SISTEM INFORMASI KOMUNIKASI PUSKESMAS MENGGUNAKAN SESSION INITIATION PROTOCOL BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Anofrizen Anofrizen , Elita Fadhilla 
Published: August 2020

Puskesmas merupakan unit pelaksana teknis dinas kesehatan kabupaten/kota yang bertanggung jawab menyelenggarakan pembangunan kesehatan di suatu wilayah kerja. Fungsi puskesmas sangatlah penting sebagai upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan kesehatan di dalam masyarakat. Dalam upaya peningkatan kualitas pelayanan yang lebih baik, pegawai puskesmas membutuhkan komunikasi yang baik dan lancar. Puskesmas Dangung-Dangung merupakan puskesmas yang terletak di Kecamatan Guguak Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Komunikasi yang dilakukan antara pegawai Puskesmas Dangung-Dangung dilakukan secara langsung yaitu mendatangi ruangan pegawai lainnya sehingga membuat pegawai kesulitan ketika menyampaikan informasi yang penting secara cepat. Tidak lancarnya komunikasi tersebut disebabkan oleh lokasi puskesmas yang terletak di sudut dan dikelilingi oleh bangunan serta pepohonan yang tinggi sehingga menyulitkan antara pegawai untuk saling berkomunikasi menggunakan jaringan telepon. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat sistem informasi komunikasi puskesmas yang dapat mempermudah pegawai puskesmas dalam menyampaikan informasi dan mengurangi biaya komunikasi antar pegawai. Dalam penelitian ini, perancangan sistem menggunakan metode Rapid Application Development (RAD)dan toolsUnified Modelling Languange (UML). Sistem dibuat menggunakan teknologi Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). Metode testing menggunakan blackbox testing dengan hasil 100% sistem berjalan dengan baik. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sistem informasi komunikasi puskesmas berbasis android yang dapat memperlancar pelayanan pada puskesmas, karena dengan memanfaatkan SIP, banyak keuntungan yang dapat diambil, seperti biaya telepon yang lebih murah daripada tarif telepon tradisional dan tidak perlu jaringan yang kuat dalam melakukan telepon.
RECENSÃO: A LÓGICA DAS EXPULSÕES POR SASKIA SASSEN
Authors: Piñeiro Emília Da Silva , Calazans Márcia Esteves de 
Published: August 2020

<p>SASSEN, Saskia<strong>. Expulsões. </strong>Brutalidade e complexidade na economia global. Trad. Angélica Freitas.<strong> </strong>Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra,<strong> </strong>2016. 336 p. ISBN 978-85-7753-351-0</p><p> </p><p><em>Expulsões: Brutalidade e complexidade na economia global</em>, de autoria da socióloga holandesa Saskia Sassen, eleita internacionalmente como uma das 50 pensadoras mais influentes do mundo, publicado no Brasil em 2016 pela editora Paz &amp; Terra, resulta no surgimento de novas lógicas de expulsões na atualidade, problema este enfrentado atualmente na economia política global.</p>