bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prosthetic rehabilitation with fixed prosthesis of a 5-year-old child with Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia and Oligodontia: a case report
Authors: AlNuaimi Reema , Mansoor Mohammad 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Ectodermal dysplasia is a rare genetic disorder that affects ectodermally derived structures, including teeth, nails, hair, and sweat glands. Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is the most common type, with oligodontia being the most striking dental feature. Prosthetic rehabilitation in children with ectodermal dysplasia is an important step toward improving their overall quality of life. The fixed prosthesis has the advantages of being more stable in the mouth with good child compliance and a good aesthetic outcome.

Case presentation
Our patient was a 5-year-old Middle Eastern boy with oligodontia caused by ectodermal dysplasia. He was managed by fabrication of an upper functional space maintainer and a lower fixed partial denture to restore occlusion, masticatory function, aesthetics, and overall quality of life.

Conclusions
The use of the fixed prosthesis in children is a new and evolving treatment modality that resolves many of the issues caused by removable prostheses. It accommodates jaw growth in the mandible, reduces the need to remake the prosthesis, and has an overall better aesthetic outcome.
Construction of a family of non-stationary biorthogonal wavelets
Authors: Zhang Baoxing , Zheng Hongchan , Zhou Jie , Pan Lulu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The family of exponential pseudo-splines is the non-stationary counterpart of the pseudo-splines and includes the exponential B-spline functions as special members. Among the family of the exponential pseudo-splines, there also exists the subclass consisting of interpolatory cardinal functions, which can be obtained as the limits of the exponentials reproducing subdivision. In this paper, we mainly focus on this subclass of exponential pseudo-splines and propose their dual refinable functions with explicit form of symbols. Based on this result, we obtain the corresponding biorthogonal wavelets using the non-stationary Multiresolution Analysis (MRA). We verify the stability of the refinable and wavelet functions and show that both of them have exponential vanishing moments, a generalization of the usual vanishing moments. Thus, these refinable and wavelet functions can form a non-stationary generalization of the Coifman biorthogonal wavelet systems constructed using the masks of the D–D interpolatory subdivision.
Factor structure of the Night Eating Diagnostic Questionnaire (NEDQ) and an evaluation of the diagnostic criteria of the night eating syndrome
Authors: Nolan Laurence J. , Geliebter Allan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The Night Eating Diagnostic Questionnaire (NEDQ) is a validated assessment of the night eating syndrome (NES) based on the proposed diagnostic criteria. While past results show that NEDQ is associated with psychopathology and body mass index (BMI), the relationships between the proposed NES diagnostic criteria and psychopathology and BMI have not been investigated. Thus, the relationships between the proposed NES diagnostic criteria and factors previously associated with NES, namely depression, “food addiction” (FA), sleep quality, and BMI were examined. Finally, the NEDQ factor structure was examined for the first time in order to determine whether the NEDQ is assessing NES appropriately.

Methods
The NEDQ, depression, sleep quality, and FA questionnaires were administered to a sample of older community members (n = 468) and a student sample (n = 254). Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was performed to examine the factor structure of the NEDQ. The relationships between the proposed diagnostic criteria and depression, sleep quality, FA, and BMI were examined using multiple regression.

Results
The proposed NES criteria were highly intercorrelated. PCA revealed a single factor solution for the NEDQ. In the community sample, depression was associated with the presence of five of nine proposed diagnostic criteria while poor sleep quality and FA were associated with the presence of seven and six criteria respectively. In the community sample, only the sleep problems and impairment/distress criteria were positively associated with BMI. In the student sample, fewer criteria were associated with psychopathology, and no criteria were associated with BMI.

Conclusions
These findings support the proposed criteria for diagnosis of NES. All proposed criteria were associated with at least one psychopathology measure. BMI was only associated with the sleep problems and impairment/distress criteria in the community sample. The PCA finding of a single factor indicates that the NEDQ is a cohesive assessment of NES, and that the NEDQ is a good measure of NES criteria.
Region-specific interneuron demyelination and heightened anxiety-like behavior induced by adolescent binge alcohol treatment
Authors: Rice James , Coutellier Laurence , Weiner Jeffrey L. , Gu Chen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Adolescent binge drinking represents a major public health challenge and can lead to persistent neurological and mental conditions, but the underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain poorly understood. Using a mouse model of adolescent binge ethanol treatment (ABET), we found that this treatment induced behavioral changes associated with demyelination in different brain regions. After ABET, adolescent mice exhibited anxiogenic behaviors with no change in locomotion on the elevated plus maze, and impaired spatial memory indicated by a significant reduction in spontaneous alternation in the Y maze test. Both effects persisted into adulthood. Anatomical studies further showed that ABET induced a significant reduction of parvalbumin-positive (PV+) GABAergic interneurons and myelin density in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). While these deficits in PV+ interneurons and myelin persisted into early adulthood in the hippocampus, the myelin density recovered in the mPFC. Moreover, whereas ABET mainly damaged myelin of PV+ axons in the hippocampus, it primarily damaged myelin of PV-negative axons in the mPFC. Thus, our findings reveal that an adolescent binge alcohol treatment regimen disrupts spatial working memory, increases anxiety-like behaviors, and exerts unique temporal and spatial patterns of gray matter demyelination in the hippocampus and mPFC.
In vivo detection of tau fibrils and amyloid β aggregates with luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes and multiphoton microscopy
Authors: Calvo-Rodriguez Maria , Hou Steven S. , Snyder Austin C. , Dujardin Simon , Shirani Hamid , Nilsson K. Peter R. , Bacskai Brian J. 
Published: November 2019

Summary
The detection of amyloid beta deposits and neurofibrillary tangles, both hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is key to understanding the mechanisms underlying these pathologies. Luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes (LCOs) enable fluorescence imaging of these protein aggregates. Using LCOs and multiphoton microscopy, individual tangles and amyloid beta deposits were labeled in vivo and imaged longitudinally in a mouse model of tauopathy and cerebral amyloidosis, respectively. Importantly, LCO HS-84, whose emission falls in the green region of the spectrum, allowed for the first time longitudinal imaging of tangle dynamics following a single intravenous injection. In addition, LCO HS-169, whose emission falls in the red region of the spectrum, successfully labeled amyloid beta deposits, allowing multiplexing with other reporters whose emission falls in the green region of the spectrum. In conclusion, this method can provide a new approach for longitudinal in vivo imaging using multiphoton microscopy of AD pathologies as well as other neurodegenerative diseases associated with protein aggregation in mouse models.
Effects of the interplanetary magnetic field y component on the dayside aurora
Authors: Liou K. , Mitchell E. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A dawn–dusk asymmetry in many high-latitude ionospheric and magnetospheric phenomena, including the aurora, can be linked to the east–west (y) component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). Owing to the scarcity of observations in the Southern Hemisphere, most of the previous findings are associated with the Northern Hemisphere. It has long been suspected that if the IMF By component also produces a dawn–dusk asymmetry and/or a mirror image in the Southern Hemisphere as predicted by some theories. The present study explores the effect of the IMF By component on the dayside aurora from both hemispheres by analyzing the auroral emission data from the Global UltraViolet scanning spectrograph Imager on board the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics mission spacecraft from 2002 to 2007. The data set comprises 28,774 partial images of the northern hemispheric oval and 29,742 partial images of the southern hemispheric oval, allowing for a statistical analysis. It is found that even though auroras in different regions of the dayside oval respond differently to the orientation of the IMF By component, their responses are opposite between the two hemispheres. For example, at ~ 1400–1600 MLT in the Northern Hemisphere, where the so-called 1500 MLT auroral hot spots occur, peak auroral energy flux is larger for negative IMF By comparing to positive IMF By. The response is reversed in the Southern Hemisphere. The present study also suggests that the total energy flux does not change with the IMF By orientation change. This result is consistent with a larger (smaller) convection vortex in the postnoon sector for IMF By < 0 (By > 0) resulting from anti-parallel merging.
Current progress in application of polymeric nanofibers to tissue engineering
Authors: Nemati Sorour , Kim Se-jeong , Shin Young Min , Shin Heungsoo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTissue engineering uses a combination of cell biology, chemistry, and biomaterials to fabricate three dimensional (3D) tissues that mimic the architecture of extracellular matrix (ECM) comprising diverse interwoven nanofibrous structure. Among several methods for producing nanofibrous scaffolds, electrospinning has gained intense interest because it can make nanofibers with a porous structure and high specific surface area. The processing and solution parameters of electrospinning can considerably affect the assembly and structural morphology of the fabricated nanofibers. Electrospun nanofibers can be made from natural or synthetic polymers and blending them is a straightforward way to tune the functionality of the nanofibers. Furthermore, the electrospun nanofibers can be functionalized with various surface modification strategies. In this review, we highlight the latest achievements in fabricating electrospun nanofibers and describe various ways to modify the surface and structure of scaffolds to promote their functionality. We also summarize the application of advanced polymeric nanofibrous scaffolds in the regeneration of human bone, cartilage, vascular tissues, and tendons/ligaments.
Reducing filter effects in GRACE-derived polar motion excitations
Authors: Göttl Franziska , Murböck Michael , Schmidt Michael , Seitz Florian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Polar motion is caused by mass redistribution and motion within the Earth system. The GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite mission observed variations of the Earth’s gravity field which are caused by mass redistribution. Therefore GRACE time variable gravity field models are a valuable source to estimate individual geophysical mass-related excitations of polar motion. Since GRACE observations contain erroneous meridional stripes, filtering is essential to retrieve meaningful information about mass redistribution within the Earth system. However filtering reduces not only the noise but also smoothes the signal and induces leakage of neighboring subsystems into each other. We present a novel approach to reduce these filter effects in GRACE-derived equivalent water heights and polar motion excitation functions which is based on once- and twice-filtered gravity field solutions. The advantages of this method are that it is independent from geophysical model information, works on global grid point scale and can therefore be used for mass variation estimations of several subsystems of the Earth. A closed-loop simulation reveals that due to application of the new filter effect reduction approach the uncertainties in GRACE-derived polar motion excitations can be decreased from 12–48% to 5–29%, especially for the oceanic excitations. Comparisons of real GRACE data with model-based oceanic excitations show that the agreement can be improved by up to 15 percentage points.
Movement behavior of the Monito del monte (Dromiciops gliroides): new insights into the ecology of a unique marsupial
Authors: Franco Lida M. , Fontúrbel Francisco E. , Guevara Giovany , Soto-Gamboa Mauricio 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Behavior and activity patterns largely determine animal’s fitness and their ecological roles. Those patterns depend on many factors, being body mass, sex and age the most relevant in mammals. Particularly, those factors altogether with environmental conditions could influence movement behavior of mammals that hibernate, such as the Monito del monte (Dromiciops gliroides).

Methods
To evaluate its movement behavior and activity we radio-tracked D. gliroides 12 individuals (8 females and 4 males, corresponding to 5 adults and 7 sub-adults) during the austral summer. With the estimated locations we estimated home ranges, core areas and their relationship with body mass. We also assessed movement speed during early (19:00 to 01:00 h), peak (01:00 to 03:00 h) and late (03:00 to 07:00 h) activity periods. This study was conducted at the San Martín experimental forest (Valdivia, southern Chile).

Results
Estimated home range areas were 1.04 ± 0.20 ha, and core areas were 0.27 ± 0.06 ha; we found no significant differences between males and females, nor between adults and sub-adults. Home range and core areas were independent of body mass in females but showed positive relationships in males. Core area overlap was larger between sub-adult and adult individuals (35%) than between adult males and females (13%). Average movement D. gliroides speed was 1.45 m/min, reaching its lowest value during the peak activity period (01:00 to 03:00 h), but being faster during early and late activity periods. Those speed differences may be related to travelling and foraging activities.

Conclusion
Home range and core areas estimated here showed a large variability, which can be related to environmental factors. Home range size was positively correlated with body mass on males but not on females. Also, lower movement speeds at the peak activity period suggest that D. gliroides concentrates feeding activities at this time. As D. gliroides disperses the seeds of at least 16 native plant species, its movement behavior also has important consequences at the community level.
Triassic (Anisian and Rhaetian) palaeomagnetic poles from the Germanic Basin (Winterswijk, the Netherlands)
Authors: van Hinsbergen Lars P. P. , van Hinsbergen Douwe J. J. , Langereis Cor G. , Dekkers Mark J. , Zanderink Bas , Deenen Martijn H. L. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we provide two new Triassic palaeomagnetic poles from Winterswijk, the Netherlands, in the stable interior of the Eurasian plate. They were respectively collected from the Anisian (~ 247–242 Ma) red marly limestones of the sedimentary transition of the Buntsandstein Formation to the dark grey limestones of the basal Muschelkalk Formation, and from the Rhaetian (~ 208–201 Ma) shallow marine claystones that unconformably overlie the Muschelkalk Formation. The magnetization is carried by hematite or magnetite in the Anisian limestones, and iron sulfides and magnetite in the Rhaetian sedimentary rocks, revealing for both a large normal polarity overprint with a recent (geocentric axial dipole field) direction at the present latitude of the locality. Alternating field and thermal demagnetization occasionally reveal a stable magnetization decaying towards the origin, interpreted as the Characteristic Remanent Magnetization. Where we find a pervasive (normal polarity) overprint, we can often still determine well-defined great-circle solutions. Our interpreted palaeomagnetic poles include the great-circle solutions. The Anisian magnetic pole has declination D ± ∆Dx = 210.8 ± 3.0°, inclination I ± ∆Ix = − 26.7 ± 4.9°, with a latitude, longitude of 45.0°, 142.0° respectively, K = 43.9, A95 = 2.9°, N = 56. The Rhaetian magnetic pole has declination D ± ∆Dx = 32.0 ± 8.7°, inclination I ± ∆Ix = 50.9 ± 8.1°, with a latitude, longitude of 60.6°, 123.9° respectively, K = 19.3, A95 = 7.4°, N = 21. The poles plot close to the predicted location of global apparent polar wander paths (GAPWaPs) in Eurasian coordinates and are feasible for future apparent polar wander path construction. They confirm that the intracontinental, shallow-marine Germanic Basin, in which the Muschelkalk Formation was deposited, existed at a palaeolatitude of 14.1° [11.3, 17.1] N, in a palaeo-environment reminding of the Persian Gulf today. In Rhaetian times, palaeolatitudes of 31.6° [24.8, 39.8] N were reached, on its way to the modern latitude of 52°N.
Dermatology-Driven Quality Improvement Interventions to Decrease Diagnostic Delays for Kaposi Sarcoma in Botswana
Authors: Williams Victoria L. , Narasimhamurthy Mohan , Rodriguez Olaf , Mosojane Karen , Bale Thapelo , Kesalopa Koorileng , Kayembe Mukendi A. , Grover Surbhi 
Published: November 2019

PURPOSE Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an HIV-associated skin cancer that is highly prevalent in Botswana and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Histopathology-confirmed diagnosis is required for chemotherapeutic interventions in Botswana, which creates barriers to care because of limited biopsy and pathology services. We sought to understand the role a dermatology specialist can play in improving KS care through quality improvement (QI) initiatives to reduce histologic turnaround times (TATs) for KS. METHODS Employment of a dermatology specialist within a public health care system that previously lacked a local dermatologist generated quality improvements in KS care. Retrospective review identified patients diagnosed with KS by skin biopsy in the predermatology QI interval (January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2015) versus the postdermatology QI interval (January 1, 2016, to November 31, 2017). Histology TATs and clinical characteristics were recorded. A t test compared the median histology TATs in the pre- and post-QI intervals. RESULTS A total of 192 cases of KS were diagnosed by skin biopsy. Sixty percent of patients were male with a median age of 39 years; nearly all were HIV-positive (98.4%). Median TAT in the postdermatology QI interval was 11 days (interquartile range, 12-23 days) compared with 32 days in the predermatology QI interval (interquartile range, 24-56 days; P < .00). CONCLUSION Dermatology-led QI initiatives to improve multispecialty care coordination can significantly decrease histology TATs for KS. The reduction of diagnostic delays is a key first step to decreasing the morbidity and mortality associated with this cancer in resource-limited settings.
Skeletal Effects of Levothyroxine for Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Older Adults: A TRUST Randomized Trial Nested Study
Authors: Gonzalez Rodriguez Elena , Stuber Mirah , Del Giovane Cinzia , Feller Martin , Collet Tinh-Hai , Löwe Axel L , Blum Manuel R , van Vliet Nicolien A , van Heemst Diana , Kearney Patricia M , Gussekloo Jacobijn , Mooijaart Simon , Westendorp Rudi G J , Stott David J , Aeberli Daniel , Bauer Douglas C , Hans Didier , Rodondi Nicolas 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Context
Both thyroid dysfunction and levothyroxine (LT4) therapy have been associated with bone loss, but studies on the effect of LT4 for subclinical hypothyroidism (SHypo) on bone yielded conflicting results.

Objective
To assess the effect of LT4 treatment on bone mineral density (BMD), Trabecular Bone Score (TBS), and bone turnover markers (BTMs) in older adults with SHypo.

Design and Intervention
Planned nested substudy of the double-blind placebo-controlled TRUST trial. Participants with SHypo were randomized to LT4 with dose titration versus placebo with computerized mock titration.

Setting and Participants
196 community-dwelling adults over 65 years enrolled at the Swiss TRUST sites had baseline and 1-year follow-up bone examinations; 4 participants withdrew due to adverse events not related to treatment.

Main Outcome Measures
One-year percentage changes of BMD, TBS, and 2 serum BTMs (serum CTX-1 [sCTX] and procollagen type 1 N-terminal polypeptide [P1NP]). Student’s t-test for unadjusted analyses and linear regression adjusted for clinical center and sex were performed.

Results
Mean age was 74.3 years ± 5.7, 45.4% were women, and 19.6% were osteoporotic. The unadjusted 1-year change in lumbar spine BMD was similar between LT4 (+0.8%) and placebo-treated groups (–0.6%; between-groups difference +1.4%: 95% confidence interval [CI] –0.1 to 2.9, P = .059). Likewise, there were no between-group differences in 1-year change in TBS (–1.3%: 95% CI –3.1 to 0.6, P = .19), total hip BMD (–0.2%: 95% CI –1.1 to 0.1, P = .61), or BTMs levels (sCTX +24.1%: 95% CI –7.9 to 56.2, P = .14), or after adjustment for clinical centers and sex.

Conclusions
Over 1-year levothyroxine had no effect on bone health in older adults with SHypo.

Registration
ClinicalTrial.gov NCT01660126 and NCT02491008
Biochemical Control in Acromegaly With Multimodality Therapies: Outcomes From a Pituitary Center and Changes Over Time
Authors: Ghajar Alireza , Jones Pamela S , Guarda Francisco J , Faje Alex , Tritos Nicholas A , Miller Karen K , Swearingen Brooke , Nachtigall Lisa B 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPurposeTo determine the prevalence of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) normalization with long-term multimodality therapy in a pituitary center and to assess changes over time.MethodsPatients with acromegaly (N = 409), with ≥1 year of data after surgery and at least 2 subsequent clinic visits were included in long-term analysis (N = 266). Biochemical data, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic interventions were reviewed retrospectively.ResultsAt diagnosis, mean [standard deviation] age was 43.4 [14.3] years, body mass index was 28.5 (24.9–32.1) kg/m2 (median, interquartile range), serum IGF-1 index (IGF-1 level/upper limit of normal) was 2.3 [1.7–3.1], and 80.5% had macroadenomas. Patients with transsphenoidal surgery after 2006 were older [46.6 ± 14.3 vs 40.0 ± 13.4 years; P &lt; 0.001]. Age and tumor size correlated inversely. Overall (N = 266), 93.2% achieved a normal IGF-1 level during 9.9 [5.0–15.0] years with multimodality therapy. The interval to first normal IGF-1 level following failed surgical remission was shorter after 2006: 14.0 (95% confidence interval, 10.0–20.0) versus 27.5 (22.0–36.0) months (P = 0.002). Radiation therapy and second surgery were rarer after 2006: 28 (22%) versus 62 (47.0%); P &lt; 0.001 and 12 (9.4%) versus 28 (21.2%); P = 0.010, respectively. Age at diagnosis increased over time periods, possibly reflecting increased detection of acromegaly in older patients with milder disease. Male gender, older age, smaller tumor and lower IGF-1 index at diagnosis predicted long-term sustained IGF-1 control after surgery without adjuvant therapies.ConclusionThe vast majority of patients with acromegaly can be biochemically controlled with multimodality therapy in the current era. Radiotherapy and repeat pituitary surgery became less frequently utilized over time. Long-term postoperative IGF-1 control without use of adjuvant therapies has improved.