bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective assessment of acute poisoning incidents by nonpharmaceutical agents in Jordan: Data from Pharmacy One™ Poison Call Center, 2014 to 2018—Part I
Authors: Albals Dima , Yehya Alaa , Issa Reem , Fawadleh Aida 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Pharmacy One™ Poising Call Center (P1PCC), located in Amman, Jordan, was created to address deficiencies identified by the pharmacy service, including in the management of poisoning cases. The aims of this study were to analyze the patterns of poisoning cases reported to the P1PCC and to describe the role of the P1PCC pharmacist in ensuring preparedness and managing the response to poisoning cases. In addition, the information from these interventions was used to survey human poisoning in Jordan. This is a retrospective descriptive study of acute poisoning incidents in the Jordanian population, as recorded by the P1PCC during the period 2014‐2018. Inquiries received by the P1PCC were recorded on a predesigned form. The year, patient demographics, toxic agent involved, and circumstances of the poisoning event were all fully documented utilizing Oracle and Excel spreadsheets. A total of 1992 poisoning incidents were reported to the P1PCC, predominately (68.59%) via 911 phone calls. Reports were predominantly from males (1.67:1). Children were the second most common age group after adolescents (22.62% and 42.49%, respectively). The most frequent causative nonpharmaceutical agents were household products (17%) in preschool children and animal bites (20%) in adolescents. Most of the poisoning incidents (74.63%) occurred at home. Unintentional poisoning (54.12%), with mild medical outcomes (61.45%), accounted for most of the poisoning incidents caused by exposure to household products. These data may represent the most recent picture of poisoning incidents in Jordan. Emergency medical services were provided by experienced pharmacy practitioners at the P1PCC, to respond to emergency needs in the community in a professional manner. Therefore, the need for unnecessary hospitalization and the cost of ambulance dispatch were minimized, which are highly valuable outcomes.
β2‐adrenergic stimulation induces interleukin‐6 by increasing Arid5a, a stabilizer of mRNA, through cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway in cardiac fibroblasts
Authors: Tanaka Shota , Imaeda Atsuki , Matsumoto Kotaro , Maeda Makiko , Obana Masanori , Fujio Yasushi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackground and PurposeIn cardiovascular diseases, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) participate in the myocardial inflammation by producing pro‐inflammatory cytokines, worsening the prognosis. β2‐adrenergic receptor (AR) and β3AR are expressed in CFs, and β‐adrenergic stimulation promotes CFs to produce pro‐inflammatory cytokines. However, the mechanism of the expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in response to β‐adrenergic stimulation remains to be fully elucidated.Experimental ApproachCFs were isolated from adult wild‐type or AT‐rich interactive domain‐containing protein 5A (Arid5a) knockout mice. The expression of mRNA was measured by real‐time RT‐PCR. Interleukin (IL)‐6 protein was measured by ELISA. The activity of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) and cyclic AMP (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) was assessed by ELISA‐like assay or Western blotting.Key ResultsThe β‐adrenergic stimulation remarkably induced IL‐6 mRNA and protein through β2AR in CFs. The activation of adenylate cyclase and the enhancement of intracellular cAMP resulted in the upregulation of IL‐6 mRNA expression. The induction of IL‐6 transcript by β2AR signaling was independent of NF‐κB. Concomitant with IL‐6, the expression of Arid5a, an IL‐6 mRNA stabilizing factor, was enhanced by β2‐adrenergic stimulation and by cAMP increase. Importantly, β2AR signaling‐mediated IL‐6 induction was suppressed in Arid5a knockout CFs. Finally, β2AR stimulation phosphorylated CREB via PKA pathway, and the activation of CREB was essential for the induction of Arid5a and IL‐6 mRNA.Conclusion and Implicationsβ2‐adrenergic stimulation post‐transcriptionally upregulates the expression of IL‐6 by the induction of Arid5a through cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway in adult CFs. β2AR/Arid5a/IL‐6 axis could be a therapeutic target against cardiac inflammation.
Where your heart belongs to shapes how you feel about yourself: Migration, social comparison and subjective well‐being in China
Authors: Liu Ye , Pan Zhuolin , Liu Yuqi , Chen Hongsheng , Li Zhigang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study uses a large‐scale and multicity survey dataset to examine the relationship between objective socio‐economic status, perceived social status (PSS) and subjective well‐being (SWB) among China's internal migrants living in large cities. It particularly focuses on how migrants' dual frame of reference and their intention to settle in the destination shape their PSS and SWB. Results show that migrants' PSS mediates the relationship between their objective socio‐economic status and SWB. The presence of friends, relatives and colleagues in the destination city outweighs that of those left behind in the homeplace when migrants evaluate their standings in the social hierarchy. Migrants with an intention to settle in the host city rely more on social comparison with peers in the destination city than on comparison with those left in the place of origin. This study enhances our understanding of migrants' SWB in the Chinese context by empirically testing migration theories regarding social comparison and by considering migrants' socio‐psychological diversification.
Cryptotanshinone protects dextran sulfate sodium‐induced experimental ulcerative colitis in mice by inhibiting intestinal inflammation
Authors: Min Xiangjing , Zeng Xi , Zhao Wenwen , Han Zhiwu , Wang Ying , Han Yantao , Pei Lixia , Chen Xiuping 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) is increasing in recent years. The protective effect of cryptotanshinone, a natural compound from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, on UC was investigated both in vivo and in vitro models. UC model was established by dextran sulfate sodium administration in drinking water and cryptotanshinone was orally administrated. RAW264.7 cells were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with or without cryptotanshinone pretreatment. The body weights and disease activity index (DAI) were recorded. The pathological alterations were evaluated by H&E staining. The levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in colon tissues and cell culture medium were determined with enzyme‐linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The protein expression was detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results showed that cryptotanshinone significantly increased the body weight and colon length, reduced the score of DAI, and improved pathological changes. Furthermore, the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase‐2, receptor‐interacting protein kinase 3, NF‐κB p65 and the secretion of tumor necrosis factor‐α, IL‐6 in colon tissues and LPS‐stimulated cells were significantly inhibited by cryptotanshinone. Besides, cryptotanshinone significantly inhibited LPS‐triggered toll‐like receptor 4 luciferase reporter activity with an IC50 at 7.2 μM. In conclusion, cryptotanshinone ameliorated experimental UC possibly by inhibiting intestinal inflammation.
Quantifying and mapping inundation regimes within a large river‐floodplain ecosystem for ecological and management applications
Authors: Van Appledorn Molly , De Jager Nathan R. , Rohweder Jason J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSpatial information on the distribution of ecosystem patterns and processes can be a critical component of designing and implementing effective management programs in river‐floodplain ecosystems. For example, translating how flood pulses detected within a stream gauge record are spatially manifested across a river‐valley bottom can be used to evaluate whether the current distribution of physical conditions has the potential to support priority habitats or if intervention is needed to meet desired goals. The size and complexity of large river‐floodplain systems can make mapping inundation dynamics a challenging task. We used a geospatial model to simulate 40 years (1972–2011) of daily surface‐water inundation depths for 11,331 km2 of the Upper Mississippi River System floodplain. We identified discrete inundation events at each 4‐m × 4‐m pixel in the model as sequential days of submergence. We then quantified and mapped four aspects of inundation regime – event frequency, duration, magnitude, and timing – for each pixel. The spatial distribution of inundation regime attributes varied within and among multiple levels of river organization, including navigation pools and geomorphic reaches, but only event timing exhibited a strong down‐river trend. Non‐linear relations among inundation attributes and their geospatial distributions likely reflect complex interactions among topographic, hydrologic, and anthropogenic constraints on flooding dynamics. Together, our results reveal spatial gradients in inundation dynamics not captured by hydrologic data alone. Characterizing such diversity in inundation dynamics is important for testing hypotheses about ecological processes, developing models of ecosystem functions, and informing management actions.
Orthoesters: Multiple Role Players in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Nazarian Zohreh , Dabiri Minoo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOrthoesters are characterized by three alkoxy groups attached to a single carbon atom. This functional group is used primarily as a masking group for carboxylic acids, due to its robust stability towards strong nucleophiles and bases. Besides this protection role, orthoesters have further utility as versatile precursors in organic synthesis. This review focuses on the latter role of orthoesters as well as their applications in stereoselective synthesis.
2‐Aryl‐3‐Vinyl Substituted Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines and Fluorescent Electrocyclization Derivatives therefrom
Authors: Benzi Alice , Bianchi Lara , Giorgi Gianluca , Maccagno Massimo , Petrillo Giovanni , Tavani Cinzia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA collection of 2‐aryl‐3‐vinylimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines, substituted on the pyridine ring and/or the aryl substituent, can be obtained by reaction of 2‐aminopyridines with properly substituted nitrobutadienes, originated by an initial ring opening of a nitrothiophenic precursor. Although the aza‐Michael addition of 2‐aminopyridine on a nitrovinyl moiety is the starting point of classic approaches to imidazopyridines, the final structures generated herein are the result of a cascade process made possible by the particular functionalization on the conjugated systems. Beside the general interest inherent to the pharmacologically versatile imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine structural motif, the substituents present in the obtained compounds allow specific synthetic elaboration to e. g. polycyclic fluorescent heterocycles.
Improvement of Ultrasound‐Assisted Removal of Rifampin in the Presence of N: ZnO/GO Nanocomposite as Sonocatalyst
Authors: Afroozān Bāzghale Ādeleh , Mohammad‐Khāh Ali 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe sonocatalytic Removal of Rifampin by Nitrogen‐doped Zinc oxide/Graphene oxide hybrid nanocomposite (N: ZnO/GO) is reported in this study. The structural properties of the nanocomposites were confirmed by the X‐ray diffraction (XRD), the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the X‐ray energy spectroscopy (EDX) and the diffraction reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The experiments were investigated by applying the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using the Design of Experiments software. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed that the quadratic model has good reliability for predicting the sonocatalytic efficiency with different operational factors (R2=0.9958 and Adjusted R2=0.9920). According to the RSM data, the optimized nanocomposite (N: ZnO (0.2 M)/GO (0.1 g)) demonstrated a reasonable catalytic activity for sonocatalytic degradation of RIF at the initial concentration (30 mg L−1), the ultrasonic irradiation time (60 min), natural pH and under the ultrasonic irradiation power of 400 W with a reaction rate constant of 0.0466 min−1which was higher compared with the other ones. The residual RIF amount has determined by the spectrophotometric method. The percentage of the RIF minerals was 80.8 % after 60 min of RIF degradation over N: ZnO (0.2 M)/GO.
Novel Pyrimidinone Derivatives Show Anticancer Activity and Induce Apoptosis: Synthesis, SAR and Putative Binding Mode
Authors: Roy Ashis , Kundu Mrinalkanti , Dhar Pranab , Chakraborty Arnish , Mukherjee Soumen , Naskar Jayatri , Rarhi Chhanda , Barik Rajib , Mondal Susanta Kumar , Wani Mushtaq Ahmad , Gajbhiye Rahul , Roy Kuldeep K. , Maiti Arup , Manna Priyadarshi , Adhikari Susanta 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA series of novel bicyclic, substituted pyrimidinone compounds were designed, synthesized and characterized. In vitro anti‐proliferative activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against six different human cancer cell lines using MTT assay. Among all twenty four compounds tested, compound 22 (N‐([1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl)‐2‐((3‐methyl‐4‐oxo‐6,7,8,9‐tetrahydro‐4Hpyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐2‐yl)oxy)acetamide) exhibited significant cell growth inhibition of human liver cancer cells HepG2 with GIC50 (50% growth inhibitory concentration) value of 120+10 nM and was found to be selective over healthy human embryonic kidney (HEK) cell line (33.1% inhibition at 20 μM). Further studies demonstrated that compound 22 induced cell apoptosis in HepG2 cells and resulted in similar effect to Staurosporine, a well known proapoptopic compound widely used to induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines. Compound 22 also rendered acceptable aqueous solubility (3.5+0.37 μM, at pH 7.4) and attractive metabolic stability against human liver microsomes with a half‐life of 34.63+0.33 minutes. Based on the similarity observed between the known tankyrase‐1 inhibitors available in literature and compound 22, in silico docking study was performed and the results suggested that the compound interacted with the key amino acid residues present in the tankyrase‐1 enzyme active site.
Economically Viable and Efficient Catalysts for Esterification and Cross Aldol Condensation Reactions under Mild Conditions
Authors: Bano Kulsum , Jain Archana , Sarkar Ratan , Panda Tarun K. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBrønsted acidic ionic liquids (BAILs) have been used as catalyst and solvent in organic synthesis, due to their negligible volatility, remarkable solubility, good catalytic activity, and easily structurally tunable properties. In the present study, we have investigated the catalytic efficiency of economically viable ionic liquids bearing different cations pyridinium ([PyH]+ and triethylammonium [TEAH]+) for the esterification of aromatic acid with various aliphatic alcohols and crossed aldol condensation of aromatic aldehydes with cyclohexanone under ambient condition. We also examined the effect of various process parameters on the yield of aromatic esters and α,α’‐bis(arylidene)cycloalkanones.
An Efficient Vanadia Supported SrTiO3 Nanocatalyst for the Selective Oxidation of Benzylalcohol to Benzaldehyde
Authors: Srilakshmi Chilukoti , Basava Vikram , Ramesh Ganduri , Manjunath M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the present study, SrTiO3 (STO) was synthesized using oxalate method. A series of V2O5 nanoparticles supported on SrTiO3 (V2O5 / STO) with the vanadia content ranging from 0.5 to 2 wt. % was synthesized by wet impregnation method. Physicochemical properties of the synthesized catalysts were determined by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, N2 physisorption and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and acidity by pyridine adsorption method. XPS studies of the catalysts reveal that vanadium is in +5 oxidation state. Particle size of the catalysts calculated from TEM image analysis was found to be in the range of 86–92 nm. Pyridine adsorption studies reveals presence of Lewis acidity in the catalysts and the number of Lewis acid sites increase with vanadium content of the catalysts. Their catalytic activity was evaluated for the liquid phase oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde. STO is found to be least active and highly selective for the formation of benzaldehyde product where as V2O5/STO catalysts were found to be highly active and selective for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol reaction. Among all the catalysts the one with 1 wt. % loading of vanadia contains a greater number of active sites is found to be highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst system for selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol with 100 % benzaldehyde selectivity. The catalytic activity of the catalysts was correlated with the physico‐chemical properties of the catalysts.
Hydrodeoxygenation of Guaiacol with Molybdenum‐Carbide‐Based Carbon Catalysts
Authors: Vasilevich Anastasia V. , Baklanova Olga N. , Lavrenov Alexander V. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMolybdenum carbide‐based carbon materials were investigated as a catalyst for hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of guaiacol. Mechanochemical synthesis has been used as a novel approach to obtain a fine molybdenum carbide‐based carbon catalysts. Guaiacol was chosen as a bio‐oil model compound to estimate the potential of the catalysts. The catalytic tests were carried out at 4 MPa initial hydrogen pressure, 320 °C for 180 min in a batch autoclave reactor. Insert abstract text here. A feed mixture was 3.5 g guaiacol in 66.5 g hexadecane as a solvent.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Coupling Reactions: PPh3‐Promoted Sonogashira‐Type Cross‐Couplings of Heteroaryl Halides with Terminal Alkynes
Authors: Tian Wan‐Fa , He Ke‐Han , Li Na , Fen  , Liu  , Mai Xi , Feng Li‐Hua , He Yong‐Qin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHerein, we report a highly efficient Sonogashira‐type cross‐coupling reaction of heteroaryl halides with terminal alkynes under mild transition‐metal‐free conditions using PPh3 and Cs2CO3/NEt3, A wide range of functional groups was tolerated under optimized conditions. Furthermore, the protocol could be extended to the Suzuki‐type cross‐coupling of heteroaryl halides with phenylboronic acid, achieving the corresponding products in good to excellent yields. A test reaction on gram scale delivered the product in reasonably high yield and thus has the potential of promising applications in drug discovery and functional materials.
Preparation, Characterization, and Application of Polyacrylamide‐Polystyrene/Bentonite Nanocomposite as an Effective Immobilizing Adsorbent for Remediation of Soil
Authors: Mahdavi Amir Ebrahim Baradaran , Panahpour Ebrahim , Kalbasi Roozbeh Javad , Gholami Ali 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHeavy metals are among the most important environmental pollutants. However, little attention has been devoted to immobilizing or fixing metal ions in soil for remediation of soil. Here, a novel and inexpensive, polymer nanocomposite (polyacrylamide‐polystyrene/bentonite) is introduced for successful immobilization of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) cations in the soil. The synthesized nanocomposite structure was characterized by X‐Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy‐Dispersive X‐Ray Spectroscopy (FE‐SEM/EDX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET), and Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT‐IR). Various effective parameters such as pH, bentonite: polyacrylamide weight ratio, heavy metal concentration, and amount of adsorbent were investigated for fixing Pb and Cd cations in farm soil. Also, adsorption isotherms and kinetics of adsorption were investigated. Finally, under optimum conditions, the extent of adsorption of Pb and Cd cations by polyacrylamide‐polystyrene/bentonite nanocomposite, polyacrylamide, and bentonite was compared. The results revealed the superior adsorption activity of the nanocomposite for immobilizing heavy metal cations as compared to bentonite or polymer. Further, the nanocomposite indicated a reasonable reusability for fixing Cd and Pb cations. Overall, the prepared nanocomposite can be applied as a suitable and industrial adsorbent for immobilizing Pb and Cd cations in soil.
Expedient Synthesis of Dihydroisoquinolines by Cascade Annulation of Nitrovinylbenzoquinone
Authors: Zhao Sihan , Cheng Shaobing , Liu Hui , Zhang Jiayan , Yuan Weicheng , Zhang Xiaomei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract1,2‐Dihydroisoquinolines are important building blocks of many natural products and phamarceuticals. In continuation of our ongoing research on transformations of quinone derivatives, herein we present a catalyst‐free cascade annulation of β‐enamino esters with 2‐(2‐nitrovinyl)‐1,4‐benzoquinone, which allowed for the synthesis of various novel 1,2‐dihydroisoquinoline derivatives in moderate to good yields (60 %–99 %). This method is applicable to a wide variety of β‐enamino esters. The structure of one product was determined by an x‐ray crystal analysis. Moreover, a plausible mechanism was proposed.
Dye Engineered Perovskite Solar Cells under Accelerated Thermal Stress and Prolonged Light Exposure
Authors: Zaky Alaa A. , Balis Nikolaos , Gkini Konstantina , Athanasekou Chrysoula , Kaltzoglou Andreas , Stergiopoulos Thomas , Falaras Polycarpos 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHerein, the thermal and light stability enhancement of planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on the approach of dye‐sensitization of the titania compact layer with the triphenylamine‐based metal‐free organic (E)‐3‐(5‐(4‐(bis(2′,4′‐dibutoxy‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl) amino) phenyl) thiophen‐2‐yl)‐2‐cyanoacrylic acid (D35) dye is reported. The D35 molecule is chemically adsorbed via a bidentate anchor group upon the TiO2 underlayer. This enhances the power conversion efficiency of PSCs due to its well‐established versatile role, offering facilitation of electron charge transfer to the anode while favoring the growth of robust and homogenous perovskite layers. However, its influence in the PSC performance seems to expand further. The stability experiments showed an enhanced endurance for the devices after the insertion of D35, not only in shelf‐shield conditions but also after accelerated thermal tests and prolonged light exposure. This study confirms the plethoric role of dye sensitization strategy and its advantages to interfacial engineering via organic chromophores towards efficient and stable PSCs.