bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous and Flash Glucose Monitoring in Adults at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Scoping Review
Authors: Amoh Prince , Broom David , Kyrou Ioannis , Nartey Samuel , Paul Anna , Esliger Dale , Whelan Maxine 
Published: February 2025

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and flash glucose monitoring (FGM) are widely used in diabetes management and increasingly being considered for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevention. This scoping review aims to summarize the literature published to date on CGM and FGM use in adults at risk of T2DM. Methods: A systematic search of four databases (CINAHL, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library) was conducted, covering studies from 1985 to 2024. Eligible studies used CGM or FGM in interventional settings targeting adults at risk of T2DM. Rayyan software facilitated article screening, and the Johns Hopkins Evidence-Based Practice tool assessed study quality. Results: From 13 644 articles, 12 studies were included, reporting on 1144 participants (353 at-risk, mean age 47 ± 12.8 years) across eight countries. Ten studies employed FGM, focusing on health-related behaviors (diet, physical activity, or both). Significant improvements in glucose control and anthropometrics were reported in 75% and 50% of the studies, respectively, along with reductions in glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance. Seven studies used qualitative methods, with recurrent themes including perceived benefits and motivators for behavior change and acceptability and feasibility of device use. Three studies were rated as “high” level and scored a “B” for evidence quality, while the remaining studies were lower for both level and evidence quality. Conclusions: Existing published studies deploying glucose monitoring technologies show promise in supporting interventions aimed at preventing T2DM in at-risk adults. Further robust studies are required to confirm the long-term acceptability and efficacy of these technologies.
The Impact of Virtual Consultations on Quality of Care for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Aldakhil Reham , Greenfield Geva , Lammila-Escalera Elena , Laranjo Liliana , Hayhoe Benedict W. J. , Majeed Azeem , Neves Ana Luísa 
Published: February 2025

Background Virtual consultations (VC) have transformed healthcare delivery, offering a convenient and effective way to manage chronic conditions such as Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the impact of VC on the quality of care provided to patients with T2D, mapping it across the six domains of the US National Academy of Medicine (NAM) quality-of-care framework (ie, effectiveness, efficiency, patient-centeredness, timeliness, safety, and equity). Methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science for the period between January 2010 and December 2024. Eligible studies involved adult T2D patients, evaluated synchronous VCs, and reported outcomes relevant to NAM quality domains. Two independent reviewers performed screening, and studies were assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). A narrative synthesis was conducted for each quality domain, and a meta-analysis of HbA1c levels was performed using random-effects models. Results In total, 15 studies involving 821 014 participants were included. VCs were comparable with face-to-face care in effectiveness, efficiency, patient-centeredness, and timeliness, with improvements in accessibility and patient satisfaction. Mixed results were found for safety due to limitations in physical assessments, and for equity, with older adults and those with lower digital literacy facing more challenges. The meta-analysis showed no significant difference in HbA1c reduction between VCs and face-to-face (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.71 to 0.09, P = 0.12). Conclusion VCs offer a promising alternative to in-person care, but addressing digital disparities and improving access for older adults are essential for maximizing VC potential.
Ethanolic extract of ginger enhances liver health and lipid metabolism in high-cystine diet-induced hyperlipidemia by boosting the antioxidant milieu
Authors: Abdel-Rasol Mohammed A , El-Beih Nadia M , El-Sayed Wael M 
Published: February 2025

Background Hypercholesterolemia is a global health concern and a risk factor for metabolic disorders due to its association with oxidative stress. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of ginger ethanolic extract (GE) and ginger water suspension (GS) against hypercholesterolemia-induced oxidative stress in cystine-fed rats. Methods Rats were randomly assigned to seven groups. Control, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) group, groups three and four received orally 150 mg/kg of GE or GS for two weeks, respectively. Group five was fed a diet with 5% cystine for two weeks. Groups six and seven were fed cystine for two weeks, followed by two weeks of ginger ethanolic extract (GE) or GS treatment, respectively. Results Rats fed a cystine diet exhibited significant increases in serum alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities, hepatic malondialdehyde, and serum levels of total cholesterol, malondialdehyde, triacylglycerols, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and total lipids. They showed significant decreases in serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, alpha-1 and -2 globulin, beta-globulin levels, hepatic reduced glutathione content, and activities of hepatic glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase. Administration of GE or GS significantly mitigated these effects. Conclusions GE and GS attenuated hypercholesterolemia-induced oxidative damage by modulating the lipid profile and boosting the activity of hepatic antioxidant enzymes with GE showing superior efficacy to GS.
Knowledge mapping of online healthcare: An interdisciplinary visual analysis using VOSviewer and CiteSpace
Authors: Ding Xue , Lu Dingming , Wei Ruoxi , Zhu Fangfang 
Published: February 2025

Background Online healthcare has been regarded as a permanent component and complementation in routine worldwide healthcare. Although there have been large-scale related studies in this field, studies are scattered across disciplines. Numerous publications are needed to systematically and comprehensively identify the status quo, development, and future hotspots in this field. Methods Publications on online healthcare were screened from the WoS database. By using VOSviewer and CiteSpace, this study analyzed 4636 articles in this field with 60,306 associated references. First, countries/regions distributions, institutions distributions, influential journals, and productive authors were obtained. Then, co-citation analysis, co-occurrence analysis, timeline analysis, and burst detection were further conducted to sketch the panorama of online healthcare. Results There were 147 countries/regions participated in and contributed to this field in total. Accounting for over half of the total number of publications, the USA, England, Australia, China, and Canada played significant roles in this area. Among the 24,362 authors, Guo XT was the most influential author. The International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health was the journal with the most publications and citations. Studies in this field have shifted from basic research to applied practice research. COVID-19, mental health, healthcare, and healthcare workers were the most common keywords, indicating that studies on the impact of online healthcare on healthcare workers, online healthcare service for COVID-19, and mental health will be promising areas in the future. Conclusions Research on online healthcare is booming, while worldwide cooperation is still regionalized. Cross-regional cooperation among institutions and scholars is needed to enhance in the future. Online healthcare services for specific health fields and specific groups are the current and developing topics in this field.
The Impact of Hypoalbuminemia on Outcomes in Non-Surgically Treated Patients With Central Cord Injury
Authors: Gorbacheva Anna , Goudarzi Ariaz , Vengsarkar Ved A. , Pierre Clifford , Gerstmeyer Julius , Oskouian Rod , Chapman Jens R. , Lockey Stephen 
Published: February 2025

Study design Database study. Objectives Acute traumatic central cord syndrome (atCCS) is the most common incomplete spinal cord injury in the US, characterized by motor weakness of the upper extremities with relative sparing of the lower extremities and varying degrees of bladder dysfunction and sensory changes caudal to the lesion. Hypoalbuminemia (HA) has previously been associated with poorer outcomes following acute spinal cord injury. We hypothesized that patients with atCCS and HA treated non-surgically experienced worse outcomes than those without HA. Methods Data was collected using the PearldiverTM database and included adult patients who sustained atCCS from 2010-2022Q2. Pearson χ2 test and Welch’s t-test were used to evaluate differences in demographic and clinical data. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed. Results HA in conjunction with non-surgical care of atCCS was associated with an increased risk of development of renal failure and pressure ulcers as well as longer length of stay and two-year mortality. There was no significant increase in odds ratios for 90-day hospital readmission, pneumonia, UTI, respiratory failure, or sepsis. Conclusions Patients with hypoalbuminemia after atCCS treated non-surgically are at an increased risk of developing complications such as renal failure, pressure ulcers, longer lengths of stay and increased mortality. Surprisingly, respiratory failure, pneumonia, and sepsis were not found to be statistically different between patients with atCCS with and without HA. Inherent to a database study there are predictable limitations, however a large-scale analysis could help further delineate physiologic factors affecting outcomes of atCCS patients.
Evaluating Artificial Intelligence in Spinal Cord Injury Management: A Comparative Analysis of ChatGPT-4o and Google Gemini Against American College of Surgeons Best Practices Guidelines for Spine Injury
Authors: Yu Alexander , Li Albert , Ahmed Wasil , Saturno Michael , Cho Samuel K. 
Published: February 2025

Study Design Comparative Analysis. Objectives The American College of Surgeons developed the 2022 Best Practice Guidelines to provide evidence-based recommendations for managing spinal injuries. This study aims to assess the concordance of ChatGPT-4o and Gemini Advanced with the 2022 ACS Best Practice Guidelines, offering the first expert evaluation of these models in managing spinal cord injuries. Methods The 2022 ACS Trauma Quality Program Best Practices Guidelines for Spine Injury were used to create 52 questions based on key clinical recommendations. These were grouped into informational (8), diagnostic (14), and treatment (30) categories and posed to ChatGPT-4o and Google Gemini Advanced. Responses were graded for concordance with ACS guidelines and validated by a board-certified spine surgeon. Results ChatGPT was concordant with ACS guidelines on 38 of 52 questions (73.07%) and Gemini on 36 (69.23%). Most non-concordant answers were due to insufficient information. The models disagreed on 8 questions, with ChatGPT concordant in 5 and Gemini in 3. Both achieved 75% concordance on clinical information; Gemini outperformed on diagnostics (78.57% vs 71.43%), while ChatGPT had higher concordance on treatment questions (73.33% vs 63.33%). Conclusions ChatGPT-4o and Gemini Advanced demonstrate potential as valuable assets in spinal injury management by providing responses aligned with current best practices. The marginal differences in concordance rates suggest that neither model exhibits a superior ability to deliver recommendations concordant with validated clinical guidelines. Despite LLMs increasing sophistication and utility, existing limitations currently prevent them from being clinically safe and practical in trauma-based settings.
Cerebral thrombus analysis as a useful diagnostic tool for infective endocarditis in ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Semerano Aurora , Dell’Acqua Beatrice , Genchi Angela , Sanvito Francesca , Schwarz Ghil , Montano Castillo Manuel Alejandro , Bergamaschi Andrea , Sampaolo Michela , Butti Erica , Gullotta Giorgia Serena , Piano Mariangela , Ripa Marco , Scarpellini Paolo , Falini Andrea , Panni Pietro , Agostoni Elio Clemente , Clementi Nicola , Saliou Guillaume , Hajdu Steven David , Roveri Luisa , Michel Patrik , Martino Gianvito , Filippi Massimo , Strambo Davide , Bacigaluppi Marco 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a life-threatening condition and a rare cause of ischemic stroke (IS). This study aimed to evaluate the utility of analyzing cerebral thrombi, obtained through endovascular thrombectomy in IS, for the pathological diagnosis of IE. Patients and methods: Cerebral thrombi from three groups of IS patients were compared: definite IE ( n = 10), cardioembolic stroke without and with concomitant infection (CE-I−: n = 30, CE-I+: n = 10). We performed histological examination, molecular biology, and microbiological tests on cerebral thrombi, to detect microorganisms and assess their composition. Results: Median age of included patients was 73 years and 50% were females. Hematoxylin & Eosin and Grocott-Gomori Methenamine Silver stains detected microorganisms in all IE cerebral thrombi, and none in the control groups. Thrombus PCR detected relevant microorganism in n = 2/7 IE. Compared to control groups, IE thrombi were characterized by significant lower content of red blood cells (median [IQR]: IE = 7.4 [4.2–26.7], CE-I− = 49.3 [17–62.6], CE-I+ = 57.5 [40.7–60.8], % over thrombus section area [%TSA], p = 0.001), increased von Willebrand Factor (IE = 23.9 [19.1–32], CE-I− = 11.2 [8.2–12.8], CE-I+ = 12.9 [10.7–18.3], %TSA, p = 0.001), cell-dominant pattern of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (IE = 100%, CE-I− = 69%, CE-I+ = 70%, p ⩽ 0.001), and more frequent sub-acute or chronic thrombus age classification ( p ⩽ 0.001). These latter thrombus features displayed good discriminative ability between IE and controls, with AUC values between 0.84 and 0.95. Discussion: Multimodal analysis of cerebral thrombi in IS with suspected IE supports early and definite pathological diagnosis by detecting pathogens and assessing changes in thrombus composition.
External validation of automated CT volumetry in renal tumor volume measurement and its surgical implications
Authors: Taye Mohammed R , Abdel-Aziz Mohamed Atef , Hameed DA , Behnsawy Hosny M , Moeen Ahmed M , Samy Marwa 
Published: February 2025

Background Accurate renal tumor anatomy description is crucial for improving surgical and oncological outcomes. CT advancements assist in surgical planning by determining renal tumor volume. Objectives To examine the accuracy and precision of CT in renal tumor volume measurement and to assess the impact of tumor volume on intra- and post-operative outcomes. Methods Data from 45 patients with renal mass who underwent partial or radical nephrectomy at our institution between December 2019 and January 2024 were analyzed. Automated CT volumetry software was used to detect and measure tumor volume from the pre-operative CT DICOM files. The volume of the retrieved specimens was re-measured using the water immersion method. Results The agreement between CT and the water immersion method was tested using Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), which yielded a value of 0.856. The bias correction factors (Cb) and Pearson's correlation coefficient (ρ) were 0.928 and 0.922, respectively. CCC was better for the partial nephrectomy group (0.943) than the radical nephrectomy group (0.799). The Bland-Altman plot indicated that CT overestimated large-sized tumors. A positive correlation was detected between tumor volume and each of the PADUA score (ρ = 0.494, p value = 0.001) and ischemia time (ρ = 0.048, p value = 0.821). Conclusions CT volumetry is an accurate tool for renal tumor volume measurement that could serve as a valuable parameter for optimizing surgical decisions.
Characterization of Anisotropy in Additively Manufactured Materials through Instrumented Indentation Testing
Authors: Cai Zhuoshao , Yang Zhiwei , Meng Liang , Lin Kaijie , Hou Yuliang , Sapanathan Thaneshan , Zhu Jihong , Zhang Weihong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The accurate characterization of anisotropy for additively manufactured materials is of vital importance for both high-performance structural design and printing processing optimization. To avoid the repetitive and redundant tensile testing on specimens prepared along diverse directions, this study proposes an instrumented indentation-based inverse identification method for the efficient characterization of additively manufactured materials. In the present work, a 3D finite element model of indentation test is first established for the printed material, for which an anisotropic material constitutive model is incorporated. We have demonstrated that the indentation responses are information-rich, and material anisotropy along different directions can be interpreted by a single indentation imprint. Subsequently, an inverse identification framework is built, in which an Euclidean error norm between simulated and experimental indentation responses is minimized via optimization algorithms such as the Globally Convergent Method of Moving Asymptotes (GCMMA). The developed method has been verified on diverse printed materials referring to either the indentation curve or the residual imprint, and the superiority of this latter over the former is confirmed by a better and faster convergence of inverse identification. Experimental validations on 3D printed materials (including stainless steel 316L, aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg, and titanium alloy TC4) reveal that the developed method is both accurate and reliable when compared with material constitutive behaviors obtained from uni-axial tensile tests, regardless of the degree of anisotropy among different materials.
Joint modelling of longitudinal data: a scoping review of methodology and applications for non-time to event data
Authors: Ouko Rehema K. , Mukaka Mavuto , Ohuma Eric O. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Joint models are powerful statistical models that allow us to define a joint likelihood for quantifying the association between two or more outcomes. Joint modelling has been shown to reduce bias in parameter estimates, increase the efficiency of statistical inference by incorporating the correlation between measurements, and allow borrowing of information in cases where data is missing for variables of interest. Most joint modelling methods and applications involve time-to-event data. There is less awareness about the amount of literature available for joint models of non-time-to-event data. Therefore, this review’s main objective is to summarise the current state of joint modelling of non-time-to-event longitudinal data.

Methods
We conducted a search in PubMed, Embase, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines for articles published up to 28 January 2024. Studies were included if they focused on joint modelling of non-time-to-event longitudinal data and published in English. Exclusions were made for time-to-event articles, conference abstracts, book chapters, and studies without full text. We extracted information on statistical methods, association structure, estimation methods, software, etc.

Results
We identified 4,681 studies from the search. After removing 2,769 duplicates, 1,912 were reviewed by title and abstract, and 190 underwent full-text review. Ultimately, 74 studies met inclusion criteria and spanned from 2001 to 2024, with the majority (64 studies; 86%) published between 2014 and 2024. Most joint models were based on a frequentist approach (48 studies; 65%) and applied a linear mixed-effects model. The random effect was the most commonly applied association structure for linking two sub-models (63 studies; 85%). Estimation of model parameters was commonly done using Markov Chain Monte Carlo with Gibbs sampler algorithm (10 studies; 38%) for the Bayesian approach, whereas maximum likelihood was the most common (33 studies; 68.75%) for the frequentist approach. Most studies used R statistical software (33 studies; 40%) for analysis.

Conclusion
A wide range of methods for joint-modelling non-time-to-event longitudinal data exist and have been applied to various areas. An exponential increase in the application of joint modelling of non-time-to-event longitudinal data has been observed in the last decade. There is an opportunity to leverage potential benefits of joint modelling for non-time-to-event longitudinal data for reducing bias in parameter estimates, increasing efficiency of statistical inference by incorporating the correlation between measurements, and allowing borrowing of information in cases with missing data.
Effect of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery for cataracts after pars plana vitrectomy: a prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Wen Lin , Lian Hao , Liu Yi , Wei Bin , Deng Yan , Hu Jianqi , Wu Ying , Zhang Min , Fan Yaoqin , Xu Li 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To compare the efficacy of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and conventional phacoemulsification surgery (CPS) in treating postvitrectomy cataracts.

Methods
Prospective randomized controlled study. Patients who underwent cataract surgery after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) were randomly divided into the FLACS group and the CPS group. Preoperative data of all patients were collected to compare intraoperative complications, average phacoemulsification energy (AVE), effective phacoemulsification time (EPT), postoperative intraocular pressure, corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

Results
A total of 92 eyes were included in the analysis, with 47 eyes in the FLACS group and 45 eyes in the CPS group. The intraoperative AVEs and EPTs in the FLACS group were both lower than those in the CPS group (P < 0.05). In the FLACS group, incomplete prechopping and incomplete capsulorhexis occurred in 3 eyes (3/47, 6.38%), and incomplete lens dislocation occurred in 1 eye (1/47, 2.13%). In the CPS group, incomplete lens dislocation occurred in 2 eyes (2/45, 4.44%), and anterior capsule tears occurred in 1 eye (1/45, 2.22%). There was no statistically significant difference in intraoperative complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). Postoperatively, intraocular pressure (IOP) was lower in both groups than preoperatively, and there was no statistically significant difference in intraocular pressure between the two groups at three months postsurgery (P > 0.05). Three months postoperatively, the ECD in the FLACS group was greater than that in the CPS group, with less average endothelial cell loss (ECL) than that in the CPS group (P < 0.01). The BCVA in both groups improved to varying degrees compared with the preoperative values, with the FLACS group performing better than the CPS group on the first postoperative day (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups at one week, one month, or three months postoperatively (all P > 0.05).

Conclusion
FLACS is safe and effective for treating post-PPV cataracts and, compared with CPS, facilitates early postoperative recovery with no difference in final visual acuity. Residual silicone oil in the anterior chamber post-PPV may lead to certain specific outcomes for FLACS. Although it may not affect surgical results, it is still noteworthy.