bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative proteomic analysis of osteogenic differentiated human adipose tissue and bone marrow‐derived stromal cells
Authors: Dadras Mehran , May Caroline , Wagner Johannes Maximilian , Wallner Christoph , Becerikli Mustafa , Dittfeld Stephanie , Serschnitzki Bettina , Schilde Lukas , Guntermann Annika , Sengstock Christina , Köller Manfred , Seybold Dominik , Geßmann Jan , Schildhauer Thomas Armin , Lehnhardt Marcus , Marcus Katrin , Behr Björn 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMesenchymal stromal cells are promising candidates for regenerative applications upon treatment of bone defects. Bone marrow‐derived stromal cells (BMSCs) are limited by yield and donor morbidity but show superior osteogenic capacity compared to adipose‐derived stromal cells (ASCs), which are highly abundant and easy to harvest. The underlying reasons for this difference on a proteomic level have not been studied yet. Human ASCs and BMSCs were characterized by FACS analysis and tri‐lineage differentiation, followed by an intraindividual comparative proteomic analysis upon osteogenic differentiation. Results of the proteomic analysis were followed by functional pathway analysis. 29 patients were included with a total of 58 specimen analysed. In these, out of 5148 identified proteins 2095 could be quantified in >80% of samples of both cell types, 427 in >80% of ASCs only and 102 in >80% of BMSCs only. 281 proteins were differentially regulated with a fold change of >1.5 of which 204 were higher abundant in BMSCs and 77 in ASCs. Integrin cell surface interactions were the most overrepresented pathway with 5 integrins being among the proteins with highest fold change. Integrin 11a, a known key protein for osteogenesis, could be identified as strongly up‐regulated in BMSC confirmed by Western blotting. The integrin expression profile is one of the key distinctive features of osteogenic differentiated BMSCs and ASCs. Thus, they represent a promising target for modifications of ASCs aiming to improve their osteogenic capacity and approximate them to that of BMSCs.
Non‐coding RNAs in aortic dissection: From biomarkers to therapeutic targets
Authors: Cheng Mengdie , Yang Yanyan , Xin Hai , Li Min , Zong Tingyu , He Xingqiang , Yu Tao , Xin Hui 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAortic dissection (AD) is the rupture of the aortic intima, causing the blood in the cavity to enter the middle of the arterial wall. Without urgent and proper treatment, the mortality rate increases to 50% within 48 hours. Most patients present with acute onset of symptoms, including sudden severe pain and complex and variable clinical manifestations, which can be easily misdiagnosed. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms underlying AD are still unknown. Recently, non‐coding RNAs have emerged as novel regulators of gene expression. Previous studies have proven that ncRNAs can regulate several cardiovascular diseases; therefore, their potential as clinical biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for AD has aroused widespread interest. To date, several studies have reported that microRNAs are crucially involved in AD progression. Additionally, several long non‐coding RNAs and circular RNAs have been found to be differentially expressed in AD samples, suggesting their potential roles in vascular physiology and disease. In this review, we discuss the functions of ncRNAs in AD pathophysiology and highlight their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AD. Meanwhile, we present the animal models previously used for AD research, as well as the specific methods for constructing mouse or rat AD models.
Skin transcriptome, tissue distribution of mucin genes and discovery of simple sequence repeats in crucian carp (Carassius auratus)
Authors: Bai Jie , Hu Xiucai , Lü Aijun , Wang Ruixia , Liu Rongrong , Sun Jingfeng , Niu Yuchen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCrucian carp (Carassius auratus) is one of the major freshwater species and important food fish in China. Fish skin acts as the first line of defence against pathogens, yet its molecular and immune mechanism remains unclear. In this study, a de novo transcriptome assembly of C. auratus skin was performed with the Illumina Hiseq 2000 platform. A total of 49,154,776 clean reads were assembled, among which 60,824 (46.86%), 37,103 (28.59%), 43,269 (33.33%) unigenes were annotated against National Center for Biotechnology Information, Gene Onotology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases, respectively. KEGG Orthology categories were significantly involved in immune system (20.50%), signal transduction (18.04%) and mucosal mucin genes (e.g., muc2, muc5AC, muc5B, muc17, muc18). The high expression of muc18 gene was observed in brain; that of muc2 in intestine; and that of muc5AC in skin, liver, spleen, intestine and muscle. Moreover, the potential 28,928 simple sequence repeats with the three most abundant dinucleotide repeat motifs (AC/GT, AG/CT, AT/AT) were detected in C. auratus. To authors’ knowledge, this is the first report to describe the transcriptome analysis of C. auratus skin, and the outcome of this study contributed to the understanding of mucosal immune response of the skin and molecular markers in cyprinid species.
The origin of Wxla provides new insights into the improvement of grain quality in rice
Authors: Zhou Hao , Xia Duo , Zhao Da , Li Yanhua , Li Pingbo , Wu Bian , Gao Guanjun , Zhang Qinglu , Wang Gongwei , Xiao Jinghua , Li Xianghua , Yu Sibin , Lian Xingming , He Yuqing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAppearance and taste are important factors in rice (Oryza sativa) grain quality. Here, we investigated the taste scores and related eating‐quality traits of 533 diverse cultivars to assess the relationships between—and genetic basis of—rice taste and eating‐quality. A genome‐wide association study highlighted the Wx gene as the major factor underlying variation in taste and eating quality. Notably, a novel waxy (Wx) allele, Wxla, which combined two mutations from Wxb and Wxin, exhibited a unique phenotype. Reduced GBSSI activity conferred Wxla rice with both a transparent appearance and good eating quality. Haplotype analysis revealed that Wxla was derived from intragenic recombination. In fact, the recombination rate at the Wx locus was estimated to be 3.34 kb/cM, which was about 75‐fold higher than the genome‐wide mean, indicating that intragenic recombination is a major force driving diversity at the Wx locus. Based on our results, we propose a new network for Wx evolution, noting that new Wx alleles could easily be generated by crossing genotypes with different Wx alleles. This study thus provides insights into the evolution of the Wx locus and facilitates molecular breeding for quality in rice.
Dehydroepiandrosterone at birth: Response to stress and relation to demographic, pregnancy and delivery factors
Authors: Kamin Hayley S. , Bhatt Samarth S. , Mulligan Connie J. , Kertes Darlene A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEnhanced production of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) by the foetal hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis enables maturational events critical for labour induction and neonatal adaptation. Despite knowledge of the interconnected nature of maternal and foetal physiology and dramatic changes in DHEA production after birth, few studies have examined DHEA levels in newborns and none have examined DHEA’s response to acute stress. Understanding normative patterns of early DHEA activity is needed to accurately assess functioning of the biological stress system with relevance for health and development. The present study analysed DHEA concentrations and change after stress among 93 newborns and associations with pregnancy, delivery and demographic risk factors. Three saliva samples, collected prior to and following a blood draw stressor, were used to determine baseline and stress reactive DHEA levels. Mothers self‐reported on health behaviours during pregnancy. Data on obstetric factors were obtained from medical records. DHEA levels declined from pre‐ to post‐stressor assessments. Results also showed that post‐stressor DHEA change was significantly associated with administration of medications used to treat pain and accelerate labour. However, there was no significant variation in DHEA pre‐stress levels or change after stress as a function of time after birth. By capturing DHEA levels after birth, the present study provides a window into prenatal health of the HPA system. The study also advances knowledge of DHEA in newborns by providing data on reference levels and important covariates. This information on basic adrenal physiology provides a foundation that can be expanded on to enhance understanding of early hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis activity.
Audit of paediatrician recognition of children's vulnerability to harm at the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne
Authors: Mahindroo Sargun , Smith Anne S , Roberts Gehan 
Published: September 2020

AimVulnerable children can be defined as those at risk of child abuse and neglect and long‐term adverse health, neurodevelopmental and behavioural outcomes. This study examined whether a cohort of paediatricians and advanced trainees at the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, recognised children's vulnerability.MethodsWe reviewed the clinical note in the electronic medical record (EMR) for 425 new patients presenting to five paediatric clinics between 1 July 2017 and 31 December 2017. We examined paediatrician documentation of adverse childhood experiences (ACE), risk and resilience factors, referrals for intervention to improve psychosocial well‐being and the application of ‘vulnerable child’ alert flags in the EMR to indicate vulnerability to harm. Children were deemed vulnerable if the paediatrician explicitly stated it in the EMR, if the child had a ‘vulnerable child’ alert placed in their record or had an appropriate referral for management of neurodevelopmental trauma.ResultsOf the original cohort, 8% was documented as vulnerable, 21% had a referral for intervention and 2% had a ‘vulnerable child’ alert. Overall, paediatricians infrequently documented ACE, risk and protective factors. The odds of identifying vulnerability increased with each added risk factor recorded (odds ratio (OR) 2.6, P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval (1.9–3.5)), with an ACE score was >4 (OR 72, P < 0.001 (14.3–361)) and decreased with each added protective factor recorded (OR 0.6, P < 0.001 (0.5–0.8)).ConclusionPaediatricians infrequently document ACE, risk and protective factors and rarely ‘flag’ children's vulnerability to harm. Identification of the vulnerable child is correlated with documentation of risk and resilience factors at the initial consultation.
Laboratory examination of the physical properties of ordinary chondrites
Authors: Ostrowski D. , Bryson K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMeteorites provide vast amounts of information on the makeup and history of the solar system. The physical properties help to understand meteor behavior in the atmosphere, model characteristics of parent bodies, and determine methods to deflect potentially hazardous objects. Density and porosity are two of the most important physical properties. All the examined ordinary chondrite falls have bulk densities and porosities near their respected class averages. Most of the studied Antarctic ordinary chondrites have porosities around 12% or higher caused by weathering, placing them near the top of the range of values for chondritic falls. A trend is observed in acoustic velocity, where any meteorite with porosity over 10% has a longitudinal velocity near half the value of the class average. Low porosity meteorites such as Tenham, Chelyabinsk impact melt, and MIL07036 have velocities well above their class averages. Emissivities across all meteorites follow the trend of decreasing emissivity with increasing temperature.
Toddler obesity prevention: A two‐generation randomized attention‐controlled trial
Authors: Black Maureen M. , Hager Erin R. , Wang Yan , Hurley Kristen M. , Latta Laura W. , Candelaria Margo , Caulfield Laura E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRapid weight gain increases risks of obesity and associated co‐morbidities. The objective was to reduce the rate of body mass index (BMI) growth (BMIzscore), relative to control. Secondary outcomes were toddler–mother physical activity, mealtime interactions and fruit/vegetable intake. The randomized three‐arm, eight‐session, 4‐month trial, conducted 2009–2013, included two intervention arms (responsive parenting and maternal lifestyle) and an attention control (home safety). Baseline and 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up evaluations included weight and length/height, ankle accelerometry, video‐recorded mealtime interactions (Emotional Availability Scales) and 24‐h diet recalls (Healthy Eating Index‐2015 [HEI‐2015]). Analyses used linear mixed‐effects models with repeated measures comparing intervention versus control changes in BMIzscore. We recruited 277 racially mixed (70% African American) toddler–mother dyads (mean ages 20.1 months and 27.3 years) from US WIC and primary care clinics and randomized them into intervention versus control; 31% toddlers and 73% mothers were overweight/obese. At follow‐up, changes in the rate of toddler BMIzscore and maternal BMI were non‐significant. Maternal lifestyle group toddlers and mothers spent 24.43 and 11.01 more minutes in physical activity (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.55, 46.32, and 95% CI: 1.48, 20.54, respectively). Fruit intake increased in both intervention groups. Hostile mealtime interactions increased in the maternal lifestyle group, and in supplementary analyses, mealtime interactions were significantly higher in the responsive parenting group than in the maternal lifestyles group, suggesting that toddler dietary interventions include responsive parenting. Intervention effects were stronger among older versus younger toddlers. Despite no impact on weight gain, additional research should examine integrated two‐generation responsive parenting and maternal lifestyle interventions among toddler–mother dyads.
A holin/peptidoglycan hydrolase‐dependent protein secretion system
Authors: Palmer Tracy , Finney Alexander J. , Saha Chayan Kumar , Atkinson Gemma C. , Sargent Frank 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGram‐negative bacteria have evolved numerous pathways to secrete proteins across their complex cell envelopes. Here, we describe a protein secretion system that uses a holin membrane protein in tandem with a cell wall‐editing enzyme to mediate the secretion of substrate proteins from the periplasm to the cell exterior. The identity of the cell wall‐editing enzymes involved was found to vary across biological systems. For instance, the chitinase secretion pathway of Serratia marcescens uses an endopeptidase to facilitate secretion, whereas the secretion of Typhoid toxin in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi relies on a muramidase. Various families of holins are also predicted to be involved. Genomic analysis indicates that this pathway is conserved and implicated in the secretion of hydrolytic enzymes and toxins for a range of bacteria. The pairing of holins from different families with various types of peptidoglycan hydrolases suggests that this secretion pathway evolved multiple times. We suggest that the complementary bodies of evidence presented is sufficient to propose that the pathway be named the Type 10 Secretion System (TXSS).
Presumed activated retinal astrocytes and Müller cells in healthy and glaucomatous eyes detected by spectral domain optical coherence tomography
Authors: Cheung Hin , King Brett J , Gast Thomas J 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurposeTo investigate presumed activated retinal astrocytes and Müller cells (ARAM) detected by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) and spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and to investigate its presence in healthy controls as well as its relationship to posterior vitreal detachment (PVD) and glaucoma.MethodsThis retrospective study involved 1337 eyes of 805 controls between ages 8 and 90, and 250 eyes of 146 patients with glaucoma between the ages of 28 and 95. Subjects were counted as possessing ARAM only if they met the following criteria: (1) a patchy, discrete, glittering appearance on SLO, (2) a distinct, flat, hyper‐reflective layer at the internal limiting membrane on at least one B‐scan crossing the glittering area and (3) absence of any surface wrinkling retinopathy. The diagnosis of PVD was based on both the patient’s clinical examination and imaging data. Frequency tables were used to describe categorical variables and differences were compared by means of χ2. Analyses were separated based on right and left eye, first on controls and then between glaucomatous eyes and age‐similar sex‐matched controls.ResultsARAM was found in both healthy controls and patients with glaucoma at similar frequencies. There was no association between having glaucoma and the presence of ARAM. ARAM was not different between the sexes but was associated with age and having a PVD.ConclusionsThis large retrospective study found that ARAM can be seen in healthy controls, is associated with PVD and possibly independently with age, and occurred at similar frequency in glaucomatous eyes.
Right ventricular septal pacing via transmural approach for resynchronization in a child with postoperative heart block
Authors: Carberry Thomas , Hauck Amanda , Backer Carl , Webster Gregory 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAn infant with transposition of the great arteries was paced for postoperative heart block (single‐site, right ventricular [RV] epicardial). She developed severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and septal dyskinesis. Resynchronization was performed at the age of 4 with an LV epicardial lead and an RV septal endocardial lead. The endocardial lead was affixed to the interventricular septum, then tunneled through the RV free wall and attached to an abdominal pulse generator. QRS duration decreased (176 to 122 ms) and LV ejection fraction improved (26 to 61%) and remained stable for 8 years. We present a case of successful resynchronization in congenital heart disease using a transmural RV septal lead.
Ampicillin‐sulbactam monotherapy in infants with febrile urinary tract infections
Authors: Song Ji Yeon , Yoo Sukdong , Lim Taek Jin , Byun Joung‐Hee , Jo Kyo Jin , Kim Hye‐Young , Park Su Eun , Kim Seong Heon 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundCephalosporin is the most commonly used empirical agent for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children. However, increasing use of cephalosporins can lead to an increase in resistant pathogens. This study therefore aims to investigate the effects of monotherapy with ampicillin‐sulbactam as an alternative to cephalosporins.MethodsAll 2‐ to 24‐month‐old patients who were hospitalized at Pusan National University Children’s Hospital due to a first episode of a febrile UTI during the 2‐year period from 2012 to 2014 were included in the study. The subjects were divided into two groups according to their empirical therapy (cefotaxime or ampicillin‐sulbactam). We determined the patients’ UTI pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibilities and compared the effectiveness and the occurrence of adverse effects of ampicillin‐sulbactam and cephalosporin therapy.ResultsForty‐six patients were treated with cefotaxime (group A) and 41 patients with ampicillin‐sulbactam as the empirical antibiotic (group B). The most common pathogen in both groups was Escherichia coli, and antibiotic susceptibilities of the bacterial strains isolated from both groups were similar in ampicillin‐sulbactam and cefotaxime. In addition, there was no significant difference in the duration of fever after treatment between the two groups (group A: 2.0 versus group B: 3.0, P = 0.331). There were no treatment failures and no recurrence in either group, even in patients with resistant pathogens. The most common side effect of the antibiotic agents was diarrhea.ConclusionsAmpicillin‐sulbactam could be an effective alternative to cephalosporin as empiric antibiotic for the treatment of first‐episode UTI in patients under 24 months of age.
Evaluation of the Long‐term Cumulative UVA Facial Exposure of Queensland School Teachers derived for an Extended Period from the OMI Satellite Irradiance
Authors: Jebar Mustapha A. A. , Downs Nathan J. , Parisi Alfio V. , Turner Joanna 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis research presents a novel methodology for deriving the total daily broadband solar UVA (320–400 nm) received by school teachers during their working day from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) satellite solar noon UVA irradiance measurements for a Queensland subtropical site (27.5°S, 152°E). Daily UVA exposures are weighted to the anatomical human cheek (anterior infra‐orbital region) for teachers wearing and not wearing broad‐brimmed hats. The method utilizes the OMI UVA irradiance data collected daily at high temporal resolution over 2005 to 2016 to derive the total daily UVA exposure to a horizontal plane. These horizontal plane exposures are scaled by factors to take into account the timing of outdoor activity. The relationship between exposures to a horizontal plane and those to a vertical plane and the protection provided by a broad‐brimmed hat was assessed to evaluate the total daily UVA exposures to the cheek for classroom and physical education teaching staff expected to be outside at different periods of the day. The developed method enables the total daily UVA exposure to specific anatomical sites to be evaluated from the satellite solar noon irradiance at locations that do not have access to surface‐based instrumentation capable of recording in the solar UVA waveband.
Effect of Position and Connected Atom on Photophysical and Photochemical Properties of Some Fluorinated Metallophthalocyanines
Authors: Sağlam Özgül , Farajzadeh Nazli , Yaşa Atmaca Göknur , Erdoğmuş Ali , Koçak Makbule Burkut 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study presents the preparation of a new phthalonitrile derivative namely 3‐(4‐(trifluoromethoxy)thiophenoxy)phthalonitrile (1) and a series of its metallated phthalocyanines (M = Zn (II) (1a) and In(III) (1b)). In addition, the peripheral analog of the indium phthalocyanine chloride (2b) was newly synthesized. Characterization of the resulting compounds was carried out by utilizing various spectroscopic methods such as FT‐IR, 1H NMR and UV‐Vis spectroscopy. The influence of concentration on aggregation properties of compound 1a was investigated at different concentrations of DMSO. The effect of solvent type on aggregation properties of compound 1a was studied, as well. According to the referred procedures, the macrocyclic molecules (2a, 3a‐b and 4a‐b) were prepared. The effect of some parameters including metal ion, the position of the substituent and the connected atom (oxo or thio) on photochemical and photophysical features of compounds (1a‐b, 2a‐b, 3a‐b, and 4a‐b) was studied for evaluation of their potential as a photosensitizer in PDT, comparatively. The highest singlet oxygen quantum yields (ΦΔ = 0.71 for 1a and 0.80 for 2b) were obtained for complexes 1a and 1b in DMSO. The photophysical and photochemical features of the studied macromolecules are therefore suitable for photodynamic therapy applications.