bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac rupture complicating acute myocardial infarction: the clinical features from an observational study and animal experiment
Authors: Lu Qun , Liu Ping , Huo Jian-Hua , Wang Yan-Ni , Ma Ai-Qun , Yuan Zu-Yi , Du Xiao-Jun , Bai Ling 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background.
Cardiac rupture (CR) is a fatal complication of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with its incidence markedly declined in the recent decades. However, clinical features of CR patients now and the effect of reperfusion therapy to CR remain unclear. We investigated the clinical features of CR in STEMI patients and the effect of reperfusion therapy to CR in mice.
Methods.
Two studies were conducted. In Study 1, Data of 1456 STEMI patients admitted to the First Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University during 2015.12.~2018.12. were analyzed. In Study 2, 83 male C57BL/6 mice were operated to MI, 39 mice were allocated for MI (group-1) and 21 mice for 1 h (group-2 ) and 23 mice for 4 h (group-3) ischemia followed by reperfusion. All operated mice were monitored up to day-10. Animals were inspected three times daily for the incidence of death and autopsy was done for all mice found died to determine the cause of death.
Results.
CR was diagnosed in 40 patients: free-wall rupture in 17, ventricular septal rupture in 20, and combined locations in 3 cases, present in 19 patients at admission and diagnosed in another 21 patients during 1 ~ 14 days post-STEMI, giving an in-hospital incidence of 1.4%. The mortality of CR patients was high during hospitalization accounting for 39% of total in-hospital death. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, older age, peak CK-MB and peak hs-CRP were independent predictors of CR post-STEMI. There were 17 deaths in group-1 during day 3–6 post MI. In the two IR groups, one mouse died of acute heart failure at day-5 post surgery and the rest of mice survived to the end of experiment without onset of rupture.
Conclusion.
CR remains as a major cause of in-hospital death in STEMI patients. CR Patients are characterized of being elderly, having larger infarct and more server inflammation. Reperfusion therapy can decrease CR incidence sharply.
Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis in osteoarthritis deformation of ankle and subtalar joint – evaluation of treatment results
Authors: Stołtny Tomasz , Dugiełło Bogdan , Pasek Jarosław , Szyluk Karol , Pyda Michał , Spyrka Daniel , Białek Michał , Czuma Przemysław , Pijet Bartłomiej , Werner Krystian , Cieślar Grzegorz , Littner Roman , Pleva Leopold , Koczy Bogdan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis (TTCA) is an increasingly used method of stiffening the ankle and subtalar joints in advanced degenerative deformities.
Methods
The study group consisted of 19 men who were subjected to intramedullary and intra-osseous arthrodesis using an intramedullary nail. The average age of patients was 46 years (19–68). The main indication for surgical treatment was post-traumatic arthrosis 11 (58%). In the studied group of patients, clinical condition was assessed using the AOFAS classification, quality of life using the SF-12 scale, and assessment of pain intensity using the VAS scale. The above parameters were evaluated before surgery in the early (under 2 years), intermediate (from 2–5 years) and late (over 5 years) postoperative period.
Results
Analysis of the results showed that the assessed clinical condition on the AOFAS scale improved from an average of 20.6 points before TTCA to 63.5 points after the procedure. The result was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Analyzing the results obtained using the SF-12 quality of life scale, a statistically significant increase was found. In the physical sphere of quality of life PCS-12 increased from 26.5 points to 44.2 points (p = 0.0004) and in the mental sphere of quality of life MCS-12 from 46.1 points to 52.6 points (p = 0.030). The intensity of pain ailments, assessed in the VAS scale, decreased in all three periods of postoperative observation (in the early period p < 0.05, in the intermediate period p = 0.23, and in the late period p < 0.05), with the strongest analgesic effect (reduction of pain intensity by 4.3 points on the VAS scale) was observed in the early post-operative follow-up period.
Conclusions
Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis using an intramedullary nail causes a significant improvement in the clinical condition according to the AOFAS classification, enabling most patients to move independently, a significant improvement in the physical and mental quality of life assessed in the SF-12 scale and a significant reduction in the intensity of pain ailments assessed in the VAS scale, especially in the early postoperative period.
Human CD133-Positive Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells Enhance the Malignancy of Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Zheng Qinglian , Liu Yonghui , Sun LianQing , Han Pingping , Wang Rui , Zhao Jiao , Hu Shan , Zhao Xinhan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Human CD133 + hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) are a specific subset of cells and can regulate the malignancy of tumors. However, how CD133 + HPCs affect the malignancy of human breast cancer has not been clarified.Methods: The CD133 + HPCs were isolated and purified from human umbilical cord blood (UCB) .We used in vitro culture of the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell line, and MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells into nude mice in order to tested whether CD133 + HPCs affected the apoptosis, proliferation, invasion and EMT of breast cancer cells.Results: Co-culture with CD133 + HPCs, but not UCB CD133- cells, promoted the proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 or MDA-MB-231 cells, accompanied by reducing their spontaneous apoptosis in vitro and co-administration with CD133 + HPCs significantly enhanced the growth of implanted breast cancer in vivo. Furthermore, co-culture with CD133 + HPCs, enhanced the invasion of breast cancer cells, N-cadherin and Vimentin expression, but reduced E-cadherin expression in Breast cancer cells.Conclusions: The data indicated that CD133 + HPCs enhanced the malignancy of breast cancer cells by inhibiting their spontaneous apoptosis and promoting the process of epithelial mesenchymal transition. These findings may provide new insights in the role of human CD133 + HPCs in the pathogenic process of breast cancer. Therefore, CD133 + HPCs may be a new therapeutic target for inhibiting the progression of breast cancer.
Oxidative stress mediates the apoptosis and epigenetic modification of the Bcl-2 promoter via DNMT1 in a cigarette smoke-induced emphysema model
Authors: Zeng Huihui , Li Tiao , He Xue , Cai Shan , Luo Hong , Chen Ping , Chen Yan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Emphysema is a crucial pathological characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Oxidative stress, apoptosis and epigenetic mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of emphysema. However, an attempt to accurately identify whether these mechanisms interact with each other and how they are triggered has never been conducted. Method: The total reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, pulmonary apoptosis and B-cell lymphoma/ leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) expression, an apoptosis regulator, were detected in samples from COPD patients. Bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP) was conducted to observe the alterations in the methylation of the Bcl-2 promoter in specimens. The dysregulation of DNA methyltransferase enzyme 1 (DNMT1), a vital DNA methyltransferase enzyme, in the lungs of patients was confirmed through western blotting. To find out interactions between oxidative stress and DNA methylation in emphysema, mouse models were built with antioxidant treatment and DNMT1 silencing, and were examined with the pulmonary apoptosis, Bcl-2 and DNMT1 expression, and epigenetic alterations of Bcl-2. Results: Higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and pulmonary apoptosis were observed in COPD patients than in healthy controls. Downregulated Bcl-2 expression with increased promoter methylation and DNMT1 protein expression was found in COPD patients. Antioxidant treatment reduced the level of ROS and dysregulation of DNMT1 expression and emphysematous progression in the smoking models. Following DNMT1 blockage, smoking models showed improved lung function, pulmonary apoptosis, emphysematous progression, and increased Bcl-2 protein expression with less promoter methylation than emphysema mice.Conclusion: Cigarette-induced oxidative stress mediates pulmonary apoptosis and hypermethylation of the Bcl-2 promoter in emphysema models through DNMT1.
Effect of Post-Treatment Fluvastatin for Hemorrhagic Shock in Rats
Authors: Kim Oh Hyun , Kim Soo-Ki , Jung Soon-Hee , Hwang Sung Oh , Kim Hyun , Cha KyoungChul , Cha Yong Sung , An Gyo Jin , Lee Kang Hyun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

To investigate the biochemical, histologic, and immunologic effects of post-treatment use of fluvastatin in cases of hemorrhagic shock in a rat model.
Methods

Experimental rats were randomly divided into four groups: (1) the control group received no drugs and did not undergo hemorrhagic shock (HS); (2) the control + statin group received fluvastatin 1 mg/kg without HS; (3) the HS group received normal saline after HS; (4) the HS + statin group received fluvastatin 1 mg/kg + normal saline after HS. HS was induced by femoral arterial catheter blood extraction of 30% of the total blood volume. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate were monitored for 2 h after starting blood withdrawal. Arterial blood gas, complete blood count, and serum cytokine levels were measured at baseline, 2 hrs after HS, and 48 hrs after resuscitation. Kidney, lung, and small intestines were removed for pathological examination 48 h after HS.
Results

The HS and HS + statins groups showed reduced bicarbonate, base excess, and platelet counts, all of which differed significantly from values in the control and control + statin groups at the end of the resuscitation period. The HS + statin group exhibited significantly elevated serum IL-10 2 hrs after resuscitation compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Except for IL-10, the group-time interaction was not significant for other cytokine profiles.
Conclusion

This study demonstrated that post-treatment with fluvastatin increased anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 production and affected cytokine profiles in rats after HS.
Case report: Heart failure from thyrotoxicosis due to Grave’s disease
Authors: Aujayeb Avinash , Dundas James , Madathil Asgar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A 30-year-old female patient with a past medical history of pernicious anaemia presented with pleuritic chest pain, palpitations, fatigue, coryzal symptoms and a high temperature. She was hypoxic and tachycardic and was extensively investigated as well as aggressively treated. A type 1 ‘gut feeling’ assessment by the admitting medical registrar made the diagnosis possible as thyroid function tests were grossly deranged and pointed to Grave’s disease causing heart failure, complicated by pneumonia. The patient was discharged on carbimazole, antibiotics and beta blockers. She has now been swapped onto propylthiouracil and is under active follow up
Brain Dicer1 is down-regulated in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease via Aβ42-induced repression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
Authors: Wang Yan , Lian Meiling , Zhou Jing , wu shengzhou 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Oxidative stress critically underlies the neurodegenerative pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Depletion of Dicer1, an endoribonuclease central to microRNA maturation, also leads to neurodegeneration. We therefore hypothesized that altered Dicer1 expression may play a role in AD. Results Using immunoblotting and quantitative real-time PCR, we found that Dicer1 protein and mRNA levels were reduced in the hippocampi of animals of the AD mouse model APPswe/PSEN1dE9 compared with littermate controls. SiRNA-meditated Dicer1 knockdown induced oxidative stress, reduced mitochondrial intermembrane potential, and increased apoptosis in cultured neurons. Aβ42 exposure decreased Dicer1 and also down-regulated the oxidative stress–induced transcriptional regulator nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Conversely, Nrf2 overexpression increased Dicer1 mRNA and protein levels and reverted the Aβ42-induced Dicer1 reduction. To further investigate Dicer1 regulation, we cloned Dicer1 promoter variants harboring the Nrf2-binding site, the antioxidant response elements (ARE), into a luciferase reporter and found that simultaneous transfection of Nrf2-expressing plasmid increased luciferase expression from these promoter constructs. ChIP assays indicated that Nrf2 directly interacted with the ARE motifs in the Dicer1 promoter. Furthermore, Dicer1 overexpression in cultured neurons reverted Aβ42-induced neurite deficits. Of note, injection of Dicer1-expressing adenovirus into the hippocampus of the AD mice significantly improved spatial learning. Conclusions These findings indicate that Dicer1 expression is reduced in the AD brain and that chronic Aβ exposure decreases Dicer1 levels in neurons via Nrf2–ARE signaling. Our results uncover a significant role for Dicer1 in AD and highlight that Dicer1 expression responds to oxidative stress in the brain.
Neural differentiation footprints of mesenchymal stem cell by fetal brain extract
Authors: Razeghian-Jahromi Iman , Mehrabani Davood , Mohammadi Ali , Seno Mohammad Mehdi Ghahremani , Zare Shahrokh , Zibaeenezhad Mohammad Javad , Mowla Ashkan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Stem cells has brought promising hope to improve impairment in different organs especially those with limited intrinsic regeneration capacity like nervous system. With the use of mesenchymal stem cells' (MSC) capacity to differentiate toward neural cells, this study aimed to examine the potential of fetal rat brain extract (FBE) as a biological inducer to mimic natural differentiation environment. Methods Bone marrow-MSCs were derived from Rattus norvegicus . After characterization of their mesenchymal nature, three groups were considered including control (culture medium only), differentiation (culture medium supplemented by basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor), and treatment (culture medium and FBE). Growth curves as well as expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, marker for astroglial cells), galactocerebridase (GaLc, marker for oligodendrocyte and schwann cells), choline acetyl transferase (ChAT, marker for cholinergic neurons), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH, marker of dopaminergic neurons) were examined in all the three groups at day 3 and 7 post-exposure. Also, nissl staining was performed in the three groups in order to assess protein synthesis and neurotransmitter production. Results Spindle-shaped cells were seen in the control group. There were neural-like cells in the differentiation group while more developed appearance with axon- and dendrite-like processes were present in the treatment group. To examine cell viability after exposure to FBE, growth curve was delineated. Higher proliferation rate and lower population doubling time were seen in the treatment group compared to other two groups. Regarding expression of neural markers, GaLC and ChAT at day 7 was prominent in the treatment group. Nissl bodies, which are rough endoplasmic reticulum, were seen only in the treatment group. Conclusions FBE might be a safer and more efficient inducer than combination of two well-known growth factors in terms of differentiation of MSCs to functional dopaminergic neurons. Making neural cells in vitro is an attractive approach in improvement of injured nervous system.
Road traffic noise, noise sensitivity, psychological and physical health and mortality
Authors: Stansfeld Stephen , Clark Charlotte , Smuk Melanie , Gallacher John , Babisch Wolfgang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background:

Both physical and psychological health outcomes have been associated with exposure to environmental noise. It is not known whether all individuals are equally susceptible to these effects. Noise sensitivity has chiefly been examined in studies of annoyance where it has been shown to moderate the annoyance responses to transport-related noise. Noise sensitivity could have the same moderating effect on physical and psychological health outcomes related to environmental noise exposure but this has been little tested. Noise sensitivity which is also associated with sensitivity to chemicals, light and odours could be an indicator of a more pervasive susceptibility to ill-health related to environmental sources.
Methods:

A cohort of 2398 men between 45 and 59 years, the longitudinal Caerphilly Collaborative Heart Disease study, was established in 1984/88 and followed into the mid-1990 s. Road traffic noise maps were assessed at baseline. Baseline psychological ill-health measures were measured in phase 2 in 1984/88, at phase 3 follow up 1989/93 and phase 4 follow up in 1993/6.Ischaemic heart disease and risk factors were measured in clinic and by questionnaire at baseline and through hospital records and administrative records of deaths during follow up. This study aimed to test if noise sensitivity has a moderating effect on road traffic noise and psychological ill-health and secondly if noise sensitivity predicted physical and psychological ill- health and mortality, irrespective of exposure to road traffic noise.
Results:

Road traffic noise was associated with Phase 4 psychological ill-health but only among those exposed to 56-60dBA (OR = 1.98 95%CI 1.21, 3.24). High noise sensitivity was associated with lower mortality risk (HR = 0.71, 95%CI 0.54–0.94). High noise sensitivity was associated longitudinally with psychological ill-health at phase 3 (OR = 1.82 95%CI1.30, 2.56). There was also weak evidence that noise sensitivity moderated the association of road traffic noise exposure with psychological ill-health.
Conclusions:

Noise sensitivity is a specific predictor of psychological ill-health and may be an indicator of current psychological ill-health as part of a wider construct of environmental susceptibility. It may increase the risk of psychological ill-health when exposed to road traffic noise.
Effect of lead exposure from electronic waste on haemoglobin synthesis in children
Authors: Wang Hongwu , Huang Peng , Zhang Ruibiao , Feng Xueyong , Tang Qiulin , Liu Sixi , Wen Feiqiu , Zeng Li , Liu Yufeng , Wang Tianyou , Ma Lian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Primitive electronic waste (e-waste) recycling is ongoing in Guiyu, so toxic heavy metals may continue to threaten the health of children in the area.
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of e-waste exposure on haemoglobin (Hb) synthesis in preschool children.
Methods
Medical exams were conducted with the consent of children’s guardians and the approval of the Shantou University Medical College Ethics Committee. This study recruited 224 and 204 children in 3–6 years old from Guiyu (exposed group) and from a town without e-waste pollution (control group), respectively. Blood levels of lead, Hb, ferritin, folate and vitamin B12 were tested in all children. Furthermore, all children were assessed for thalassemia, and their parents were asked to complete questionnaires.
Results
There was no significant differences in ferritin, folate, or vitamin B12 levels between the exposed and control groups (P > 0.05). All children were excluded thalassemia. Blood lead level (BLL) and the rate of children with BLL ≥ 10 µg/dL were higher in the exposed group than control group (both P < 0.01). Both groups were further divided into three sub-groups according to BLL (Group A: <5.0 µg/dL; Group B: 5.0–9.9 µg/dL; Group C: ≥10.0 µg/dL). Hb levels were negatively correlated with BLL in exposed group (F = 3.52, P = 0.03), but not in control group (F = 1.98, P = 0.14). Hb levels in group B and group C were significantly lower in exposed group than in control group (Group B, P = 0.01; Group C, P = 0.03). In addition, the prevalence of anaemia in children with lead poisoning in exposed group were significantly higher than those in control group (4.0% versus 0.5%, P < 0.05). The prevalence of anaemia in children without lead poisoning and without iron deficiency in exposed group were also higher than those in control group (6.5% versus 2.0%, P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Lead exposure significantly inhibits Hb synthesis in children living in e-waste dismantling areas compared to those living in non-e-waste dismantling areas. Other toxins released from e-waste may also contribute to the inhibition of Hb synthesis and may lead to anaemia in local children. Further investigations are needed to provide evidence for the development of relevant protective measures.
Meta-Analysis of Association between CT-baesd Features and Tumor Spread Through Air Spaces in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yin Qifan , Wang Huien , Cui Hongshang , Wang Wenhao , Yang Guang , Qie Peng , Xun Xuejiao , Han Shaohui , Liu Huining 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective
Spread through air space (STAS) is a novel invasive pattern of lung adenocarcinoma and is also a risk factor for recurrence and worse prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma after sublobar resection. The aims of this study are to evaluate the association between computed tomography (CT)-based features and STAS for preoperative prediction of STAS in lung adenocarcinoma, eventually, which could help us choose appropriate surgical type.
Methods
Systematic research was conducted to search for studies published before September 1, 2019. The association between CT-baesd features of radiological tumor size༞2cm、pure solid nodule、 part-solid nodule or Percentage of solid component(PSC)༞50% and STAS was evaluated. According to rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eight studies including 2,385 patients published between 2015 and 2018 were finally enrolled in our meta-analysis.
Results
Our results clearly depicted that there is no significant relationship between radiological tumor size༞2 cm and STAS with the combined OR of 1.47(95% CI:0.86–2.51). Meta-analysis of 3 studies showed that pure solid nodule in CT image were more likely to spread through air spaces with pooled OR of 3.10(95%CI2.17-4.43). Meta-analysis of 5 studies revealed the part-solid nodule in CT image may be more likely to appear STAS in adenocarcinoma (ADC) (combined OR:3.10,95%CI:2.17–4.43). PSC༞50% in CT image was a significant independent predictor in the diagnosis of STAS in ADC from our meta-analysis with combined OR of 2.95(95%CI:1.88–4.63).
Conclusion
In conclusion, The CT-based features of pure solid nodule、part-solid nodule、PSC༞50% are promising imaging biomarker for predicting STAS in ADC and may substantially influence the choice of surgical type. In future, more studies with well-designed and large-scale are needed to confirm the conclusion.