bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of acoustic detection efficiency using a gliding robotic fish as a mobile receiver platform
Authors: Ennasr Osama , Holbrook Christopher , Hondorp Darryl W. , Krueger Charles C. , Coleman Demetris , Solanki Pratap , Thon John , Tan Xiaobo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and animal telemetry have become important tools for understanding the relationships between aquatic organisms and their environment, but more information is needed to guide the development and use of AUVs as effective animal tracking platforms. A forward-facing acoustic telemetry receiver (VR2Tx 69 kHz; VEMCO, Bedford, Nova Scotia) attached to a novel AUV (gliding robotic fish) was tested in a freshwater lake to (1) compare its detection efficiency (i.e., the probability of detecting an acoustic signal emitted by a tag) of acoustic tags (VEMCO model V8-4H 69 kHz) to stationary receivers and (2) determine if detection efficiency was related to distance between tag and receiver, direction of movement (toward or away from transmitter), depth, or pitch.

Results
Detection efficiency for mobile (robot-mounted) and stationary receivers were similar at ranges less than 300 m, on average across all tests, but detection efficiency for the mobile receiver decreased faster than for stationary receivers at distances greater than 300 m. Detection efficiency was higher when the robot was moving toward the transmitter than when moving away from the transmitter. Detection efficiency decreased with depth (surface to 4 m) when the robot was moving away from the transmitter, but depth had no significant effect on detection efficiency when the robot was moving toward the transmitter. Detection efficiency was higher when the robot was descending (pitched downward) than ascending (pitched upward) when moving toward the transmitter, but pitch had no significant effect when moving away from the transmitter.

Conclusion
Results suggested that much of the observed variation in detection efficiency is related to shielding of the acoustic signal by the robot body depending on the positions and orientation of the hydrophone relative to the transmitter. Results are expected to inform hardware, software, and operational changes to gliding robotic fish that will improve detection efficiency. Regardless, data on the size and shape of detection efficiency curves for gliding robotic fish will be useful for planning future missions and should be relevant to other AUVs for telemetry. With refinements, gliding robotic fish could be a useful platform for active tracking of acoustic tags in certain environments.
Soft tissue coverage using pedicled flap in combat zone: a case series
Authors: Mathieu Laurent , Plang Soryapong , de l’Escalopier Nicolas , Murison James Charles , Gaillard Christophe , Bertani Antoine , Rongieras Frédéric 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Soft tissue reconstruction is typically conducted after evacuation from theater of operations. If circumstances do not allow timely evacuation, however, defect site may need to be reconstructed in the combat zone.

Case presentation
A total of 41 patients with extremity soft tissue defect were treated using pedicled flaps by a single orthopedic surgeon during four deployments in Chad, Afghanistan and Mali between 2010 and 2017. The mean age was 25.6 years. A total of 46 injury sites in extremities required flap coverage: 19 combat-related injuries (CRIs) and 27 non-combat related injuries (NCRIs). Twenty of the injury sites were infected. Overall, 63 pedicled flap transfers were carried out: 15 muscle flaps, 35 local fasciocutaneous flaps and 13 distant fasciocutaneous flaps. The flap types used did not differ for CRIs or NCRIs. Mean follow-up was 71 days. Complications included deep infection (n = 6), flap failure (n = 1) and partial flap necrosis (n = 1). Limb salvage rate was 92.7% (38/41).

Conclusions
Soft tissue defect can be managed with simple pedicled flaps in theatre of operations if needed. Basic reconstructive procedures should be part of the training for military orthopedic surgeons.

Trial registration
Retrospectively registered in January 2019 (2019-0901-001).
Examining recruitment feasibility and related outcomes in adults post-stroke
Authors: King Erin C , Doherty Megan , Corcos Daniel , Stoykov Mary Ellen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
There are limited effective and evidence-based interventions for upper extremity hemiparesis post-stroke. To prepare for an RCT and minimize misuse of resources, there is value in conducting a feasibility study.

Objective
To examine the feasibility of recruitment and other related outcomes for an intense upper limb intervention.

Methodology
Feasibility outcomes included retention, adherence, accrual rate, sample characteristics, and identification of productive recruitment methods. Other outcomes included satisfaction with the study, fidelity, and equipoise of both staff and participants.

Results
Participants were enrolled at a rate of 1.33 per month. The recruitment timeline had to be extended by 4 months, to meet the target of 16 randomized participants. Staggered recruitment was the most successful strategy. We found that following up with individuals who missed initial appointments prior to study enrollment led to decreased adherence.

Conclusion
It is feasible to recruit and retain post-stroke participants for an intense intervention study.

Trial registration
NCT02277028
Seosed õppejõu õpetamisviisi ja üliõpilase õppimist toetavate ning takistavate tegurite vahel õppeaines
Authors: Uiboleht Kai , Karm Mari 
Published: October 2020

Kõrghariduses võib õppeaine õpikeskkonda kirjeldada õppejõu õpetamisviisi kaudu. Varasemad uurimused on kirjeldanud sisu- ja õppimiskeskset õpetamisviisi ning nende põimumist. Uurimused, mis on keskendunud üliõpilaste kirjeldatud õppimist toetavate ja takistavate õpikeskkonna elementidele, ei selgita, kuidas need on seotud õppejõu sisu- või õppimiskeskse õpetamisviisiga konkreetse õppeaine kontekstis. Samas on õppeaine arendamise seisukohast oluline seda seost mõista. Selle artikli eesmärk on tuua välja seoseid õppejõudude kirjeldatud õpetamisviisi ning üliõpilaste kirjeldatud õppimist toetavate ja takistavate õpikeskkonna elementide vahel just õppeaine tasandil. Artikkel tugineb mitme õppeaine uuringule, kus intervjueeriti kolme õppeaine õppejõudu ja üliõpilasi. Andmete kvalitatiivsest analüüsist selgub, et üliõpilased ei taju õpetamisviiside põimumist alati õppimist takistavana. Pigem takistavad üliõpilaste õppimist õppejõu ebaselged ootused ja üldsõnalised juhendid.
Summary
Kaasava hariduse mudel alushariduse kontekstis: süstemaatiline kirjandusülevaade
Authors: Nelis Pille , Pedaste Margus 
Published: October 2020

Hoolimata suurest hulgas maailmas korraldatud uuringutest ei ole kaasava hariduse kontseptsioon edukaks rakendamiseks piisavalt selge. Seetõttu tegime süstemaatilise kirjandusanalüüsi, et luua ülevaade kaasava hariduse definitsioonidest ja võtmetunnustest, mis toetaks selle rakendamist alushariduse tasemel. Selgus, et kaasava hariduse definitsioonis tuleks eristada selle filosoofilist ja praktilist olemust, mida kirjeldavad täpsemalt seitse aspekti. Nüüdisaegse kaasava hariduse rakendamisel olulised võtmetunnused alushariduse kontekstis on süstematiseeritavad 14 kategooria kaudu viiel tasandil: lapse, perekonna, õpetaja, institutsiooni ja riigi tasand. Definitsiooni ja võtmetunnuste alusel loodi mudel, millega toetada kaasava hariduse rakendamist eri poolte koostöös.
Summary
Sistem Informasi Penjualan dan Pemesanan Layanan Berbasis Web dan SMS Gateway di Petshop "PetZone"
Authors: Wati Siska Fadhilah , Rochim Adian Fatchur , Kridalukmana Rinta 
Published: October 2020

Dewasa ini teknologi informasi sangat membantu dalam dunia bisnis. Kemudahan yang ditawarkan akan menjaring lebih banyak konsumen. Namun, perusahan tingkat menengah seperti PetZone saat ini masih jarang yang menawarkan kemudahan berbelanja atau pemesanan layanan secara online. Oleh karena itu diperlukan sebuah sistem berbasis web di perusahaan PetZone yang dapat memudahkan pemilik dan karyawan dalam apenjualan, pelayanan, dan pemasaran, serta memudahkan pelanggan dalam jual-beli barang dan jasa. Atas dasar masalah tersebut dibangun Sistem Informasi Penjualan dan Pemesanan Layanan Berbasis Web dan SMS Gateway untuk menunjang proses bisnis yang ada.Sistem informasi dibangun menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP framework Codeigniter, javascript untuk tampilan yang dinamis, dan database MySQL. Proses pembuatan dan pengembangan Sistem Informasi Penjualan ini menggunakan metode air terjun. Metode air terjun meliputi kebutuhan pengguna, analisis, rancangan, implementasi dan pengujian. Pemodelan Sistem Informasi yang dibangun menggunakan metode berorientasi objek UML (Unified Modeling Language) yang terdiri dari Use case diagram, Class diagram dan Sequence diagram.Hasil pengujian Sistem Informasi Penjualan dan Pemesanan Layanan Berbasis Web dan SMS Gateway menunjukkan bahwa semua fitur yang terdapat baik dalam sistem informasi maupun SMS gateway dapat bekerja dengan baikdengan ratusan sample data, dan server SMS gateway dapat memproses lebih dari satu SMS secara bersamaan. Dalam perkembangan ke depannya nanti, Sistem Informasi Penjualan dan Pemesanan Layanan Berbasis Web dan SMS Gateway masih dapat dikembangkan lagi dengan menambah fitur-fitur pada SMS gateway sehingga lebih memudahkan konsumen.
Perancangan Perangkat Lunak untuk Analisis Tingkat Fokus pada Citra Mikroskop Digital Menggunakan Proses Ekstraksi Ciri
Authors: Wicaksono Damar , Isnanto R. Rizal , Nurhayati Oky Dwi 
Published: October 2020

Mikroskop Digital merupakan salah satu pengembangan dari mikroskop cahaya yang memungkinkan gambar untuk ditampilkan pada layar monitor komputer. Mikroskop Digital terkini memungkinkan proses pengamatan preparat dilakukan dengan lebih detail. Pengamatan dapat dilakukan secara tidak langsung menggunakan bantuan aktuator mikroskopik untuk mendapatkan susunan elemen-elemen citra dasar yang nantinya akan digabungkan menjadi sebuah citra tunggal dengan resolusi tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang perangkat lunak pada mikrostepper. Perangkat lunak ini bertujuan untuk menentukan citra yang paling fokus dari beberapa dataset citra masukan.Perangkat lunak yang dibuat untuk menentukan fokus citra digital yakni menggunakan Delphi. Tahap perancangan berisi tentang prosedur pengembangan program yang terdiri dari pengumpulan sampel data citra mikroskop digital, pengubahan citra menjadi aras keabuan, ekstraksi fitur citra hingga didapatkan nilai cost function tertinggi. Algoritma ekstraksi ciri yang digunakan dalam pencarian nilai cost function (C) citra digital mikroskopik antara lain Teknik Penurunan Laplacian, Teknik Statistikal Variansi Ternormalisasi, Teknik Histogram Entropi.Tahap implementasi pengambilan sampel citra digital, pengubahan citra menjadi aras keabuan, konvolusi citra digital dan kuantisasi nilai fokus citra.Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa dataset citra masukan dapat diproses dengan benar melalui proses pengubahan citra masukan menjadi aras keabuan, tahapan konvolusi dan nilai cost function mampu didapatkan sesuai dengan teknik pencarian menggunakan ekstraksi fitur. Citra terpilih dapat ditentukan setelah mengetahui perbandingan masing-masing nilai cost function pada citra masukan. Perangkat lunak dapat berjalan baik pada sistem operasi Windows 7. Pada bagian antarmuka, tombol-tombol dan prosedur program telah berfungsi sesuai dengan fungsionalitasnya masing-masing.
Sistem Pengamanan Pintu Rumah Otomatis via SMS Berbasis Mikrokontroller ATMega328P
Authors: Asad Muhammad Ridwan , Nurhayati Oky Dwi , Widianto Eko Didik 
Published: October 2020

In this article, an automatic door security was designed used SMS, which serves as security for a microcontroller based door. This system was designed to facilitate the home user to lock the door and notice the condition of the house when the doors were left empty. The medium used is a phone by using SMS facility. This device consists of a sensor that is a “push button” that serves as input to inform the condition of the door to the microcontroller, microcontroller used is ATmega328P. Then Wavecom GSM Modem M1306B which serves as the sender and recipient SMS, using a solenoid to lock the door, and use the buzzer for alarm. The security system has been built with the working principles if there are people who want to try to enter and then numbers uninitialized on the microcontroller, the system will give a warning SMS notification to the user that "THERE ARE TRYING SIGN", and when the system is forcibly opened, the system will activate alarm as a warning sign and send SMS alert notification text of "alarm" to the phone number programmed into microcontroller.
Locke on Fixing Ideas
Authors: Wörner David 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
I argue that Locke’s distinction between ‘determined’ and ‘undetermined’ ideas incorporates an account of semantic indeterminacy: if the complex idea to which a general term is annexed is ‘undetermined’, the term lacks a determinate extension. I propose that a closer look at this account of semantic indeterminacy illuminates various charges of confusion, misuse and abuse of language Locke levels against his philosophical contemporaries.
Combining a quantum random number generator and quantum-resistant algorithms into the GnuGPG open-source software
Authors: Raffaelli Francesco , Denman Robert , Collins Richard , Faugere Jean-Charles , De Martino Gaetano , Shaw Charles , Kennard Jake , Sibson Philip , Perret Ludovic , Erven Chris 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The “quantum threat” to our current, convenient cryptographic algorithms is getting closer, with demonstrable progress by commercial quantum computing efforts. It is now more important than ever that we combine all of our tools into a new quantum-safe toolbox to develop the next generation of quantum-safe networking solutions. Here we combine an integrated quantum entropy source with quantum-resistant algorithms in the GnuGPG open-source software; leading to a fully quantum-safe version of GnuGPG. The quantum entropy source itself is capable of a raw rate of randomness in excess of 10 Gbps. After post-processing, quantum random numbers are used by the quantum-resistant algorithms to allow GnuGPG to perform its usual public-key cryptographic tasks, such as digitally signing documents, but now in a secure quantum-safe way.
Development of a high resolution scanning RGB laser headlamp
Authors: Danov Roman , Thiessen Eugen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Recent rapid progress in automotive lighting technology led to the emergence of headlamps featuring a large variety of light distributions that are highly adapted to provide best possible road illumination in particular traffic situations. Visual assistance systems which highlight relevant objects or project symbols to communicate with other traffic participants, further improve road safety. Implementing all these functions within a single headlamp usually requires the use of several additional modules with high and low resolution. This multitude of modules impacts the installation space, styling and cost of automotive headlamps. This paper presents a high-resolution red-green-blue (RGB) laser headlamp module which provides a good illumination of the road and can also be used for external communication purposes. A specially developed laser scanning unit, based on a bi-axial resonant micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) scanner and a high-power RGB laser, serves as the technical basis. Three module concepts are designed using light simulation, constructed as computer-aided design (CAD) models and integrated into a serial headlamp package. The concepts are based on design, simulation and measurement data of the scanning unit.
Observational data and orbits of the asteroids discovered at the Baldone Observatory in 2015–2018
Authors: Wlodarczyk Ireneusz , Černis Kazimieras , Eglitis Ilgmars 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the discovery of 37 asteroids at the Baldone Astrophysical Observatory (MPC 069) from 2015 to 2018, and one of dynamically interesting Mars-crosser (MC) observed at the Baldone Astrophysical Observatory, namely 2008 LX16. In Baldone Observatory, was independently discovered the Near-Earth Object 2018 GE3 on the image of 13 April 2018. Also, the NEO 2006 VB14 was observed doing its astrometry and photometry. Moreover, we observed asteroids 1986 DA and 2014 LJ1. We computed orbits and analyzed the orbital evolution of these asteroids. 566 positions and photometric observations of NEO objects 345705 (2006 VB14) and 6178 (1986 DA) were obtained with Baldone Schmidt telescope in 2018 and 2019. We detected their rotation period and other physical characteristics. Also, a Fourier transform was applied to determine the rotation period of asteroid 6178 (1986 DA). Value (3.12 ± 0.02)h was obtained. Our observations confirm the previously obtained rotation periodP=3.25hfor2006VB14.
Deep learning of the role of interleukin IL-17 and its action in promoting cancer
Authors: Nutini Alessandro , Sohail Ayesha 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In breast cancer patients, metastasis remains a major cause of death. The metastasis formation process is given by an interaction between the cancer cells and the microenvironment that surrounds them. In this article, we develop a mathematical model that analyzes the role of interleukin IL-17 and its action in promoting cancer and in facilitating tissue metastasis in breast cancer, using a dynamic analysis based on a stochastic process that accounts for the local and global action of this molecule. The model uses the Ornstein–Uhlembeck and Markov process in continuous time. It focuses on the oncological expansion and the interaction between the interleukin IL-17 and cell populations This analysis tends to clarify the processes underlying the metastasis expansion mechanism both for a better understanding of the pathological event and for a possible better control of therapeutic strategies.
IL-17 is a proinflammatory interleukin that acts when there is tissue damage or when there is a pathological situation caused by an external pathogen or by a pathological condition such as cancer.
This research is focused on the role of interleukin IL-17 which, especially in the case of breast cancer, turns out to be a dominant “communication pin” since it interconnects with the activity of different cell populations affected by the oncological phenomenon. Stochastic modeling strategies, specially the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, with the aid of numerical algorithms are elaborated in this review.
The role of IL-17 is discussed in this manuscript at all the stages of cancer. It is discussed that IL-17 also acts as “metastasis promoter” as a result of its proinflammatory nature. The stochastic nature of IL-17 is discussed based on the evidence provided by recent literature.
The resulting dynamical analysis can help to select the most appropriate therapeutic strategy.
Cancer cells, in the case of breast cancer, have high level of IL-17 receptors (IL-17R); therefore the interleukin itself has direct effects on these cells. Immunotherapy research, focused on this cytokine and interlinked with the stochastic modeling, seems to be a promising avenue.
On the Intergenerational Transmission of STEM Education among Graduate Students
Authors: Chise Diana , Fort Margherita , Monfardini Chiara 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We provide novel evidence on the existence and extent of the intergenerational transmission of STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) education using a recent large administrative dataset of Italian graduates obtained from the AlmaLaurea survey. We find sizeable intergenerational associations in university graduation from STEM programs and demonstrate that these varies strongly according to both the parent’s and the child’s gender. The paternal outweighs the maternal intergenerational relationship and is larger for sons than for daughters. While the documented STEM education transmission is not driven by parental liberal profession for most STEM fields, this is the case for some non-STEM fields (economic and legal studies), consistent with the presence of barriers to entry into some professions.
Charging for Higher Education: Estimating the Impact on Inequality and Student Outcomes
Authors: Azmat Ghazala , Simion Ştefania 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Over the last two decades, undergraduate university education in England moved from being state-funded and free for students, to costing all students substantial amounts in tuition fees. In this paper, using detailed administrative longitudinal microdata that follow all students attending state schools in England (approximately 95% of student population), we causally show that, despite the substantial reforms, enrollment fell only by 0.5 percentage points, where the effect is largely borne by those in wealthier groups, reducing the enrolment gap across socio-economic groups. Since tuition fees were introduced in conjunction with the government offering generous means-tested maintenance (cash) grants, as well as loans, our results highlight the importance of reducing financing constraints. Beyond enrollment, we find that the reforms have limited impact on students’ higher education choices, such as relocation decisions, university choice, and field of study. Finally, by tracking the students after graduation, we show similarly small effects on labor market outcomes.
The effects of yam gruel on lowering fasted blood glucose in T2DM rats
Authors: Lin Xinjun , Luo Zongting , Pang Shuqin , Wang Carol Chunfeng , Ge Li , Dai Yanling , Zhou Jian , Chen Fang , Hong Xuepei , Zhang Jiahui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThere is increasing evidence of the linkage between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gut microbiota. Based on our previous studies, we investigated the hypoglycemic mechanisms of yam gruel to provide a scientific basis for its popularization and application. Wistar rats were randomly divided into control and T2DM model groups. Rats in the model group were stimulated by a high-sugar/high-fat diet combined with an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to induce T2DM. The T2DM rats were further subdivided randomly into three groups: (1) DM, (2) DM + yam gruel, and (3) DM + metformin. After 4 weeks of intervention, the changes in gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid), the expression of G protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and fasted blood glucose (FBG) levels were observed. Yam gruel intervention elevated the abundance of probiotic bacteria and increased the expression of SCFAs, GPR43 receptor, GLP-1, and PYY. It also reduced FBG levels. We conclude that yam gruel can lower FBG by promoting the growth of probiotic bacteria, increasing the content of SCFAs, and enhancing the expression of GPR43 receptor to increase the content of GLP-1 and PYY in serum.