bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Semi-empirical equation to calculate stopping power of the electrons in human blood and skin tissues
Authors: Kadhim Rashid O. , Al-Mashhadani Asia H. , Razzaq Doaa F. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this work the mass stopping power electron(MSPE) in human blood and skin tissues for electrons at energy range from 0.01MeV to 1000MeV are calculated in MeV cm2/g unit by summation the collisional SPE with adding density effect (δ) and radiative SPE contributions. Through using the Bragg’s additively rule for compound targets (Z/A) and from semi-empirical (SPE) equations in terms of kinetic energy E(MeV) for electrons in the ranges of the low energies from 0.01MeV to 0.7MeV and the high energies from 0. 7MeV to 1000MeV then have been fitted by a three-parameter approximation written by MALAB2016 language. From fitting results with experimental SPE data calculated using ESTAR program and the error ration and correlation coefficient are calculated. All the results of these equations were compared with ESTAR program data and written by MALAB2016 language. The purpose of this paper is equipping up to date mass SPE information, with focus on the requirements of electron beam therapy (EBT) where electrons are directed to a tumor position.
Preparing nano silver particles (Ag NPs) by laser and studying the possibility of diagnosing cancer
Authors: Ali N. Th. , Hindal S. S. , Saad H. F. , Jabr N. K. , Hussain Dh. R. , Sekp A.M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis research aims to prepare nanosilver (AgNPs) solution by using an Nd: YAG laser and implement it in diagnosing tumors in different vitro-tissues. Various properties of nano and coated particles were studied as well as the properties of used Nd: YAG laser. Then, the various tissues were studied by different microscopes before and after treatment. This research was carried out on two stages, the first stage included preparing the nanoparticles by exposing the pure silver target (99.98%) to laser Nd: YAG of (1000 mjoule and 6 Hz), where the light was centered on the silver target by exploitation the lens of focal length (ten cm). within the second stage, silver nanoparticals were used to diagnose the infected tissues by using a laser. At first, the nano silver solution was injected into the infected tissues then exposing them to continuous laser diode of ( 410nm) and power of (500 m watt) and take an image by transmission microscope and reflection microscopy of the tissues before and after treatment. The optical and structural properties of nano silver solution were studied by using FTIR, XRD,(UV-VIS spectrophotometer), optical, AFM and SEM microscopes. Images of transmission and reflection microscopes show a noticeable change in tissue morphology. Where most of the tissue spaces were filled with nano solution and an outstanding glowing appeared after injection which good evidence for the possibility of using this solution in diagnosing the infected parts of the tissue.
Spectral Numerical Algorithm for Solving Optimal Control Using Boubaker-Turki Operational Matrices
Authors: Jalal Rasha , Shihab Suha , Alhadi Mohammed Abed , Rasheed Mohammed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The aim of the present research is to propose a spectral method for solving optimal control problem indirectly using Boubaker - Turki polynomial functions as basis functions. To achieve this goal, explicit representation formulas for some interesting operational matrices for Boubaker - Turki polynomials functions are first derived which play an important role in dealing with the problem of optimal control. They are operational matrix of derivative, operational matrix of product. By applying the obtained operational matrices and spectral scheme, the main problem is transformed to a set of linear algebraic equations that greatly simplifies the problem. The presented method in details by solving numerical example has been investigated. A new recursive relation of the Boubaker - Turki and Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind as well as a general formula for power function as a linear combination of the Boubaker - Turki polynomial are also included in this work.
Electrochemical Biosensors for Determination of Anticancer Medicine Etoposide in Human Blood by Glassy Carbon Modified Electrode Based on Film of Poly (L-Lysine) with MWCNTS
Authors: Majeed Mohammed I. , Al-Jawadi Eman A. M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Sensitive, selective and reproducible electrochemical sensors were developed for the electroanalysis of Etoposide (anticancer drug) based on L-lysine film, using the PLY-MWCNTS/GCE sensor. The PLY-MWCNTSs films on modified electrode exhibited very good conductivity. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was applied to examine the electrochemical behavior of PLY film and electrochemical response toward ETO. The PLY-MWCNTS/GCE sensor for detection of the ETO and also the experimental parameters such as film thickness, solution pH, time and accumulation potential were optimized. The obtained LOD of 1.6×10−11 M is the lowest LOD, compared to LODs reported in the literature [31] for detection of ETO, using electrochemical techniques. This method was successfully applied for direct determination of ETO, and tested for human blood sample with high specificity, and sensitivity.
Yearly effective dose due to consumption of wild black fungus grow in southern Iraq assessed by measuring of radionuclide concentrations
Authors: Mohammed Raghad S. , Ahmed Rasha S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Wide range of studies have been conducted around the word focusing on the evaluation of radionuclide concentrations in foodstuff. This work focusing on the estimation of the annual effective dose due to radionuclide activity in Iraqi wild fungus, specifically black desert truffles. The fungus have been collected from the desert of As Samawah governorate in the south of Iraq as it is grow in a large amount. The average activity concentrations for 238U, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs were 3.95, 2.53, 260.36 and 1.78 Bqkg
−1 respectively in all 10 collected truffle samples. The average annual effective doses from 238U ingestion were 0.36 and 0.54, from 232Th ingestion were 1.16 and 1.47, from 40K ingestion were found to be 3.23 and 319.20 and from 137Cs were 0.05 and 0.04 μSv year−1 in adults and children respectively. The measured values were less than the assessed world mean value from the exposure caused by natural radionuclide ingestion that documented in the literature (0.29 mSv year−1).
Analyse the Effect of Islamic Derivatives during Financial Crises of 2008 Using Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors: Asaad Al Ukaily L. Hanan Abdul Jabbar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
There is a very broad debate recently on the competence of Islamic financial derivatives in banks as a risk management tool better than traditional financial derivatives in conventional banks. The economic crisis that occurred in 2008 was a real measure to prove or deny this claim. In terms of bank performance, this research empirically compares Islamic and traditional banks, to evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of Islamic and traditional banks. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) as statistical approach used in this research. The Kuwaiti banks were selected as a case study for the period 2006-2011 because it cover the period before and after the financial crisis of 2008. The data obtained from the Scope website, the annual accounts from banks, the IMF database, PhD studies and other tools. The research showed that Kuwait’s traditional banks were higher in efficiency and performance before the 2008 financial crisis, but the Islamic banks made a better performance afterwards. However, Islamic and traditional banks are subject to a comparable degree of risk, but different in nature; and the Islamic banks are less safe to financial shocks than conventional banks are. Since Islamic banks are unable to charge a fixed, standardized return and are unable to borrow from the financial market, Islamic banks may face more risk and unpredictable asset returns. The implication of these facts of the over-management modernisation of Islamic banks is important in order to reach a higher degree of efficiency. It will give Islamic banks an advantage over the traditional bank. For traditional banks, they need to invent specific strategies to reduce costs and retain their market position.
Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial study and Efficiency of Inhibition of New di-β-enaminone Ligand and its Complexes
Authors: Ahmed Awf A. R. , Waheed Enass J. , Numan Ahmed T. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The new ligand [3,3’-(1,2-phenylenebis(azanediyl))bis(5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one)] (L) derived from 5,5-Dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione with 1,2-phenylenediamine was used to prepare a new chain of metal complexes of Mn(ii), Co(ii), Ni(ii), Cu(ii), Cd(ii) and Zn(ii) by inclusive formula [M(L)]Cl2. Characterized compounds on the basis of 1H, 13CNMR (for ligand (L)), FT-IR and U.V spectrum, melting point, molar conduct, %C, %H and %N, the percentage of the metal in complexes %M, Magnetic susceptibility, thermal studies (TGA), while its corrosion inhibition for (plain steel) in tap water is studied by weight loss. These measurements proved that by (O and N) atoms in the ligand, the metal ions are coordinated in a tetra dentate form and the tetrahedral structure of these complexes is suggested. Using the pathogenic bacteria such as (Escherichia coli) (G−) and (Staphylococcus aurous) (G+) and fungi (Candida albicans) and (Trichomoniasis), the anti-microbial action of both (L) and their complexes was studied by diffusion method.
Evaluation of radiation doses resulting from the use of x-rays in mammography
Authors: Alhamd M. W. , Al-tameemi J.M. , Majthoob B.M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Breast cancer threatens a large proportion of the world’s women to die annually and does not know the exact causes of this disease. Among these causes is an increase in the surface radiation dose absorbed by the breast during the examination. The research included estimating the ESDpp surface admission dose in the presence of the patient as well as measuring the ESDpa surface entry dose by the absence of the patient and the same previous conditions of voltage and exposure (mAs), background scattering factor for the rays, and calculating the glandular dose rate (AGD) after finding the value of the conversion factor appropriate to the test conditions Given in the standard tables (Ec. 1996a), quality assurance measurements. The paper was done using (Dosimax) and the ionization room (Unfors). The study was conducted in Baghdad Teaching Hospital and Alzafaranya Hospital using two advanced Giotto devices, and it included a number of patients (20 patients) by (10 patients) in each hospital and used compressed breast thickness (CBT) of 60 cm, 70 cm respectively in each of the two sites. The study showed that the maximum values of the ESDpp and ESDpa surface admission dose measured using the (Dosimax) device and the ionization chamber, respectively, do not exceed its value (21mGy). The mean glandular dose rate AGD, the maximum values are (4.1mGy).
Enumeration of n-connected ominoes inscribed in an abacus using ECO
Authors: Mohommed Eman F 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
ECO is enumeration of combinatorial objects based on local expansion called succession rule which can be translate in to generating function. This research aims to use the design structure of nested chain abacus 픑 proposed by Mohommed in 2019, 2020 to construct a succession rule. Furthermore, based on this rule, generating function will be development.
Investigation of the State Vectors and Prediction of the Orbital Elements for Spot-6 Satellite during 1300 periods with Perturbations
Authors: Saleh Abdulrahman H. , Abdulla Fouad M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Computer simulations were carried out to investigate the dependence of the main perturbation parameters (Sun and Moon attractions, solar radiation pressure, atmosphere drag, and geopotential of Earth) on the orbital behavior of satellite. In this simulation, the Cowell method for accelerations technique was adopted, the equation of motion with perturbation was solved by 4th order Runge-Kutta method with step (1/50000) of period to obtain the state vectors for position and velocity. The results of this simulation have been compared with data that available on TLEs (NORD data in two line elements). The results of state vectors for satellites (Cartosat-2B, Gsat-14 and Spot-6) shows excellent correlation and this is leading us to extend our study for (spot-6) satellite to include the orbital behavior during 13000 periods under the effect of one type of perturbation or all types. The results indicate that all perturbation have clear effect on spot-6 orbit, reduced the perigee and apogee about 3 Km. during 89 days, also the time of period reduced 4.7 sec. Other conclusions present that the perigee angle increases 28.01 degree with any perturbation accept SRP. Furthermore, the geopotential have a big periodic effect but the atmospheric drag have accumulated effect on most orbital elements.
Structural and Optical Characterization of Sprayed nanostructured Indium Doped Fe2O3Thin Films
Authors: Ali Reem S , Mohammed Musaab K , Khadayeir Abdulhussain A , Abood Ziad M , Habubi Nadir F , Chiad Sami S 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNanostructured pure and Indium doped iron oxide thin films were deposited via spray pyrolysis technique (SPT). The effects of Indium (2 and % 4) concentration was studied. X-ray diffraction patterns disclosed that Fe2O3films have a rhombohedral crystalline of α-Fe2O3 phase and their crystallite size was vary from (12.13 – 13.84) nm with Indium content. The strain(%) parameter decrease from 28.57 to 25.04, AFM images of films show changes in morphology with decreased in surface roughness from 2.75 nm to 1.7 nm with Indium 4% doping, The 3-D images and grain size distribution are illustrated that they exhibit spherical nano-grains ranged from 72.72 nm for pure Indium to 51.22 nm for 4% Indium doped Fe2O3. The transmittance decreases with increasing Indium concentration. The bandgap energy of Fe2O3thin film was 2.75 eV and it decreases to 2.55 eV for Fe2O3:4% In.
Influence of Heat Transfer on MHD Oscillatory Flow for Eyring-Powell Fluid with Variable Viscosity Through a Porous Medium
Authors: Hadi Lqaa Tareq , Gaze Salih Al–Khafajy Dheia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is the effect of heat transfer on the oscillating flow of the hydrodynamics of magnetizing Eyring-Power fluid with variable viscosity through a porous medium for two kinds of geometries “Poiseuille flow and Couette flow”. We used “perturbation technique” to obtain a clear formula for fluid motion. The results that obtained are illustrated by graphs.
Second Hankel Determinant for Certain Subclasses of Bi-univalent functions
Authors: AL-Ameedee Sarah A , Atshan Waggas Galib , AL-Maamori Faez Ali 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we have investigated the upper bound for the second hankel determinant for some subclasses of bi-univalent functions in open unit disc U by using Chebyshev polynomials.
A new upper bound for the largest complete (k, n)-arc in PG(2, 71)
Authors: Yaseen Mustafa T. , Ali Ali Hasan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this current work, we are presenting a new upper bound for some mn
(2, 71). Generally, In the projective plane in the two dimensional projective geometry of order q (briefly denoted by PG(2, q)) over a selected field F

q
of a q number of components, a (k, n)-arc can be defined as the set

K

of k number of points having mostly n number of points on any selected line of the plane. Therefore, this work can be done after determining what is k such that

K

becomes complete, as well as, these K values are not included in a (k +1, n)-arc. Particularly, finding a value that represents the largest existent value k for a complete

K

, that can be written as mn
(2, q). In this current projective plane, the blocking set represents the complement of a (k, n)-arc

K

in the two dimensional projective geometry of order q with s = q + 1 - n.
Electrophoresis Deposition of Tungsten oxide Nanoparticles for Corrosion Inhibition
Authors: Salman Taghried A. , Raheem Haider M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the present research, electrophoretic deposition technique (EPD) was used to deposit tungsten oxide (WO3) nanoparticles onto galvanized steel from a tungsten oxide ethanol suspension at various concentrations of (1.7×10−2, 2.5×10−2and 3.4×10−2M) for corrosion protection application. The (WO3) nano coating was used as a barrier layer for the corrosion protection of galvanized steel in saline solution. (WO3) nanoparticles were characterized by measuring the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-Visible and X-ray diffraction techniques. The morphology of the (WO3) nanoparticles was investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Results indicated that (WO3) nanoparticles layer was efficiently deposited onto galvanized steel using (EPD), also, the deposited nanoparticles film was found to be homogenous and smooth. (EPD) and the partial reduction of the (WO3) nanoparticles occurred simultaneously under the applied electrical fields. Moreover, the anti-corrosion performance of the (WO3) nanoparticles –EPD layers was characterized using Tafel polarization method. Polarization studies identified the coated (WO3) nanoparticles behave as a mixed type inhibitor. Protection efficiencies data were increased as the (WO3) nanoparticles concentrations and temperature increased, indicating chemisorption protection mechanism.
Theoretical Study of the Azo Dye Derived From 2-[6-(benzimidazolyl)azo]-2,4-di chloro phenol and Its Metal Complexes
Authors: Hatem O A , Al-Adilee K J , Hatem B A 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMetal complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) of the azo dye ligand derived from 2-[6-(benzimidazolyl)azo]-2,4-di chloro phenol have been theoretically study in order to determine their stability, geometrical and electronic properties. Electrochemical potential, electrophilicity index and chemical hardness were calculated based on the energy level of high occupied molecular orbital HOMO and the energy level of low unoccupied molecular orbital LUMO of the ligand and metal complexes. The experimental electronic spectral and IR data were compared with the theoretically calculated data. Global reactive descriptors for (BIADClP) ligand and Its metal complexes in order to predict some important properties of the metal complexes.
Facile one-pot solvothermal technique to synthesis ZnS / graphene nanoplatelets (0.2) nanocomposites
Authors: Hamza Aws. M. , Yousif Qahtan. A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this work, we report the fabrication of ZnS / graphene nanoplatelets (0.2) nanocomposites (ZnS/G(0.2)) by a simple step solvothermal manner. The nanocomposite with weight ratio (0.2) of graphene nanoplatelets was prepared and characterized by several techniques. X-Ray diffraction measurements have shown three sharp peaks at (111) ‘(220) ‘(311) Miller indices, which referred to Sphalerite and Wurtzite phases of the cubic face. The average crystal sizes of 11.03 nm to 14.41 nm for ZnS nanoparticles. The graphene nanoplatelets enhanced crystallinity properties of prepared nanocomposites. Fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectrums confirm formation of ZnS nanoparticles and ZnS/G(0.2) nanocomposites. Furthermore, FESEM was performed to study morphology and structure of nanocomposites. BET isotherm, and the BJH method have given information consistent with Type V with the H3 hysteresis loops. Moreover, the results have supported the effective change in the surface area, pore-volume, pore diameter, and external surface area values.
Analytical Detection Methodsfor PVC Thin Films Degradation Containing Different Concentrations of Diphenylenehydramine
Authors: Hammza Rana A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The head to tail structure of normal PVC should be quite stable to UV radiation. However, the presence of polymer chains abnormalities in the responsible for the relative instability of PVC to light. Therefore, many attempts have been taken to investigate and elevate the photostability PVC. In this work, diphenylenehydramine compound had been used as a photostabilizer to PVC films with different concentrations and its efficiency was evaluated by weight loss percentage, carbonyl index methods after 60 hour of irradiation and surface morphology of PVC.
Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of New Organic Reagent 2-[2—_(5-Nitro thiazolyl)azo]-4,6-dimethoxy benzoic acid (NTADMBA)
Authors: AL-Adilee Kh J , Al-Hayder L S Jasim , Essa Sh M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study concerned synthesis and characterized new organig reagent 2-[2—(5-nitro thiazolyl)azo]-6.4 dimethoxy benzoic acid (NTADMBA) and also its antioxidant, biomolecule protective. The organig reagent was characterized by FTIR, NMR and mass spectroscopy. The antioxidant tests showed the enhanced potency of E. coli bacteria. the study suggests that the organig reagent (NTADMBA) herb unequivocally is a potential source of antioxidants and could aid in alleviating oxidative stress-mediated disorders.
Laser Irradiation Effect on The Optical Properties of CoO2Thin Films deposited via Semi-Computerized Spraying System
Authors: Al-Helaly Mushtaq Talib , Al-Tememee Nathera A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper deals with the effect laser irradiation on the optical properties of cobalt oxide (CoO2) thin films and that was prepared using semi computerized spray pyrolysis technique. The films deposited on glass substrate using such as an ideal value concentration of (0.02)M with a total volume of 100 ml. With substrate temperature was (350 C), spray rate (15 ml/min).The XRD diffraction given polycrystalline nature with Crystal system trigonal (hexagonal axes). The obtained films were irradiated by continuous green laser (532.8 nm) with power 140 mW for different time periods is 10 min,20min and 30min. The result was that the optical properties of cobalt oxide thin films affected by laser irradiation where the absorbance, absorbance coefficient, extinction coefficient and the realε1and imaginaryε2part of the dielectric constant of the films increases after laser irradiation. While the Transmittance and refractive index decrease with laser irradiation. The optical energy gap was decreased from (1.89 eV to 1.6 eV) after laser irradiation, and this is a good variation of bandgap values for photovoltaic applications.
Medicinal Applications of Coordination Complexes
Authors: Mohammed Hasan Shamran , Tripathi Vishwa Deepak 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Coordination compounds and organometallics have very special place in chemistry due to their different structural arrangements and application in various fields. They also play vital role in biological system particularly in human and plant life. The blood oxygen carrier haemoglobin is a coordination compound of iron which is essential for human life, also the chlorophyll is a coordination compound of magnesium essential for plant the life and the continuation of the life on this planet. These compounds are not only biologically important but also comprise a group of drug like molecules and medicines. Coordination compounds such as platinum, palladium and ruthenium complexes are anti-cancer drugs. Also, many of the coordination compounds are anti-bacterial. The coordination compounds have been showed effective behaviour against many diseases like Alzheimer’s and malaria. Recently coordination compounds used as antivirus such as coronavirus. In present review, we highlighted the most important coordination complexes that show a significant role in the field of medicine.