bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrathoracic complications associated with trans‐femoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Implications for emergency surgical preparedness
Authors: Hodson Robert W. , Jin Ruyun , Ring Michael E. , Gafoor Sameer , Verburg Shawnna , Lehr Eric J. , Spinelli Kateri J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundIntrathoracic complications (ITC) requiring emergency surgical intervention occur during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).ObjectivesCharacterize the incidence, outcomes and predictors of ITC in a large cohort of transfemoral (TF) TAVR cases over a 5 year period.MethodsRetrospective registry and chart review of all nonclinical trial TF‐TAVR patients from seven centers within one hospital system from 2012–2016. ITC were defined as cardiac perforation, new or worsening pericardial effusion/tamponade, annular rupture, thoracic aortic injury, aortic valve dislodgement, and coronary artery occlusion. Procedural and 30‐day outcomes and 1‐year mortality were compared between ITC and no ITC patients. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of ITC.ResultsOver the study period, 1,581 patients had TF‐TAVR and 68 ITC occurred in 46 patients (2.9%). The most common ITCs were pericardial effusion/tamponade (59%), cardiac perforation (33%), and valve dislodgement (33%). ITC rate did not decline over time (rate (95% confidence interval) for 2012 = 0% (0–8.8%), 2013 = 1.3% (0–7.2%), 2014 = 4.4% (2.2–8.0%), 2015 = 3.5% (2.0–5.6%), and 2016 = 2.4% (1.5–3.8%)). ITC patients had worse 1‐year survival (ITC: 60.7% (45.1–73.1%), no ITC: 88.7% (87.0–90.3%); p < .001). The majority of ITC patient deaths occurred within the first 30 days. Multivariable models to predict ITC were not successful.ConclusionsITC did not decline over time in our cohort. Predictors of ITC could not be identified. While these events are rare, they are associated with worse procedural outcomes and mortality. Heart teams should continue to be prepared for emergency intervention.
Reduced radiation exposure in the cardiac catheterization laboratory with a novel vertical radiation shield
Authors: Panetta Carmelo J. , Galbraith Erin M. , Yanavitski Marat , Koller Patrick K. , Shah Binita , Iqbal Sohah , Cigarroa Joaquin E. , Gordon Gregory , Rao Sunil V. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesInvestigation of novel vertical radiation shield (VRS) in reducing operator radiation exposure.BackgroundRadiation exposure to the operator remains an occupational health hazard in the cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL).MethodsA mannequin simulating an operator was placed near a computational phantom, simulating a patient. Measurement of dose equivalent and Air Kerma located the angle with the highest radiation, followed by a common magnification (8 in.) and comparison of horizontal radiation absorbing pads (HRAP) with or without VRS with two different: CCL, phantoms, and dosimeters. Physician exposure was subsequently measured prospectively with or without VRS during clinical procedures.ResultsDose equivalent and Air Kerma to the mannequin was highest at left anterior oblique (LAO)‐caudal angle (p < .005). Eight‐inch magnification increased mGray by 86.5% and μSv/min by 12.2% compared to 10‐in. (p < .005). Moving 40 cm from the access site lowered μSv/min by 30% (p < .005). With LAO‐caudal angle and 8‐in. magnification, VRS reduced μSv/min by 59%, (p < .005) in one CCL and μSv by 100% (p = .016) in second CCL in addition to HRAP. Prospective study of 177 procedures with HRAP, found VRS lowered μSv by 41.9% (μSv: 15.2 ± 13.4 vs. 26.2 ± 31.4, p = .001) with no difference in mGray. The difference was significant after multivariate adjustment for specified variables (p < .001).ConclusionsOperator radiation exposure is significantly reduced utilizing a novel VRS, HRAP, and distance from the X‐ray tube, and consideration of lower magnification and avoiding LAO‐caudal angles to lower radiation for both operator and patient.
Successful treatment of a paravalvular leak with balloon cracking and valve‐in‐valve TAVR
Authors: Ruge Hendrik , Erlebach Magdalena , Lieberknecht Eveline , Lange Rüdiger 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTranscatheter heart valve implantation into degenerated bioprosthetic valves (ViV‐THV implantation) has become an established procedure for high risk patients. In general, paravalvular leak (PVL) is a contraindication for valve‐in‐valve‐TAVR (ViV‐TAVR). Herein, we report on a 81‐year‐old patient presenting with acute heart failure for a failing aortic bioprosthesis (Medtronic Mosaic 27 mm). Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography during urgent ViV‐TAVR revealed a PVL previously not detected. After transfemoral implantation of a 26 mm‐Evolut‐R, balloon‐fracturing of the bioprosthetic ring was performed using a 24 mm True Dilatation balloon for treatment of the PVL. Afterward, left ventricular to aortic peak‐to‐peak pressure gradient measured 2–4mmHg. Transesophageal echocardiography merely revealed trace PVL. Aortic root angiography showed no PVL. At discharge, echocardiography measured a transprosthetic mean gradient of 5mmHg detecting no PVL. Intentional ring‐fracturing of an aortic valve prostheses may prove not only to be effective in lowering transvalvular gradients after valve‐in‐valve‐TAVR, but may also be a tool to treat PVL alongside degenerated surgical aortic bioprostheses in certain patients.
Highly Stable Copper(I)–Thiacalix[4]arene‐Based Frameworks for Highly Efficient Catalysis of Click Reactions in Water
Authors: Wang Xue‐Xia , Yang Jin , Xu Xianxiu , Ma Jian‐Fang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEnvironmentally friendly metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained considerable attention for their potential use as heterogeneous catalysts. Herein, two CuI‐based MOFs, namely, [Cu4Cl4L]⋅CH3OH⋅1.5 H2O (1‐Cl) and [Cu4Br4L]⋅DMF⋅0.5 H2O (1‐Br), were assembled with new functionalized thiacalix[4]arenes (L) and halogen anions X− (X=Cl and Br) under solvothermal conditions. Remarkably, catalysts 1‐Cl and 1‐Br exhibit great stability in aqueous solutions over a wide pH range. Significantly, MOFs 1‐Cl and 1‐Br, as recycled heterogeneous catalysts, are capable of highly efficient catalysis for click reactions in water. The MOF structures, especially the exposed active CuI sites and 1D channels, play a key role in the improved catalytic activities. In particular, their catalytic activities in water are greatly superior to those in organic solvents or even in mixed solvents. This work proposes an attractive route for the design and self‐assembly of environmentally friendly MOFs with high catalytic activity and reusability in water.
Hollow PtFe Alloy Nanoparticles Derived from Pt‐Fe3O4 Dimers through a Silica‐Protection Reduction Strategy as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts
Authors: Yang Zhaojun , Shang Lu , Xiong Xuyang , Shi Run , Waterhouse Geoffrey I. N. , Zhang Tierui 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe development of efficient and stable electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is critical for the large‐scale production of fuel cells. Platinum (Pt) nanoparticle catalysts show excellent performance for ORR, though the high cost of Pt is a limiting factor that directly impacts fuel cell production costs. Alloying Pt with other transition metals is an effective strategy to reduce Pt utilization whilst maintaining good ORR performance. In this work, novel hollow PtFe alloy catalysts were successfully synthesized by high‐temperature pyrolysis of SiO2‐coated Pt‐Fe3O4 nanoparticle dimers supported on carbon at 900 °C, followed by SiO2 shell removal and partial dealloying of the PtFe nanoparticles formed using HF. The obtained hollow PtFe nanoparticle catalysts (denoted herein as PtFe‐900) showed a 2.3‐fold enhancement in ORR mass activity compared to PtFe nanoparticles synthesized without SiO2 protection, and a remarkable 7.8‐fold enhancement relative to a commercial Pt/C catalyst. Further, after 10 000 potential cycles, the ORR mass activity of PtFe‐900 remained very high (90.9 % of the initial mass activity). The outstanding ORR performance of PtFe‐900 can be attributed to the modification of Pt lattice and electronic structure by alloying with Fe at high temperature under the protection of the SiO2 coating. This work guides the development of improved, highly dispersed Pt‐based alloy nanoparticle catalysts for ORR and fuel cell applications.
The Effect of Guest Metal Ions on the Reduction Potentials of Uranium(VI) Complexes: Experimental and Theoretical Investigations
Authors: Ghosh Tanmoy Kumar , Mahapatra Prithwish , Drew Michael G. B. , Franconetti Antonio , Frontera Antonio , Ghosh Ashutosh 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTwo mononuclear uranyl complexes, [UO2L1] (1) and [UO2L2]⋅0.5 CH3CN⋅0.25 CH3OH (2), have been synthesized from two multidentate N3O4 donor ligands, N,N′‐bis(5‐methoxysalicylidene)diethylenetriamine (H2L1) and N,N′‐bis(3‐methoxysalicylidene)diethylenetriamine (H2L2), respectively, and have been structurally characterized. Both complexes 1 and 2 showed a reversible UVI/UV couple at −1.571 and −1.519 V, respectively, in cyclic voltammetry. The reduction potential of the UVI/UV couple shifted towards more positive potential on addition of Li+, Na+, K+, and Ag+ metal ions to acetonitrile solutions of complex 2, and the resulting potential was correlated with the Lewis acidity of the metal ions and was also justified by theoretical DFT calculations. No such shift in reduction potential was observed for complex 1. All four bimetallic products, [UO2L2Li0.5](ClO4)0.5 (3), [UO2L2Na(ClO4)]2 (4), [UO2L2Ag(NO3)(H2O)] (5), and [(UO2L2)2K(H2O)2]PF6 (6), formed on addition of the Li+, Na+, Ag+, and K+ metal ions, respectively, to acetonitrile solutions of complex 2, were isolated in the solid state and structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. In all the species, the inner N3O2 donor set of the ligand encompasses the equatorial plane of the uranyl ion and the outer open compartment with O2O′2 donor sites hosts the second metal ion.
Synthetic Strategies for Artificial Lipidation of Functional Proteins
Authors: Takahara Mari , Kamiya Noriho 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBiosynthesis of natural lipidated proteins is linked to important signal pathways, and therefore analyzing protein lipidation is crucial for understanding cellular functions. Artificial lipidation of proteins has attracted attention in recent decades as it allows modulation of the amphiphilic nature of the protein of interest, and is used in the design of drug‐delivery systems containing antibodies anchored on a lipid bilayer carrier. However, the intrinsic hydrophobicity of lipids makes the synthesis of lipid–protein conjugates challenging with respect to the yield and selectivity of the lipidation. In this Minireview, the development of chemical and enzymatic synthetic strategies for the preparation of a range of lipid–protein conjugates that do not compromise the functions of the proteins are discussed as well as applications of the conjugates.
Efficient Screening for Ternary Molecular Ionic Cocrystals Using a Complementary Mechanosynthesis and Computational Structure Prediction Approach
Authors: Shunnar Abeer F. , Dhokale Bhausaheb , Karothu Durga Prasad , Bowskill David H. , Sugden Isaac J. , Hernandez Hector H. , Naumov Panče , Mohamed Sharmarke 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe discovery of molecular ionic cocrystals (ICCs) of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) widens the opportunities for optimizing the physicochemical properties of APIs whilst facilitating the delivery of multiple therapeutic agents. However, ICCs are often observed serendipitously in crystallization screens and the factors dictating their crystallization are poorly understood. We demonstrate here that mechanochemical ball milling is a versatile technique for the reproducible synthesis of ternary molecular ICCs in less than 30 min of grinding with or without solvent. Computational crystal structure prediction (CSP) calculations have been performed on ternary molecular ICCs for the first time and the observed crystal structures of all the ICCs were correctly predicted. Periodic dispersion‐corrected DFT calculations revealed that all the ICCs are thermodynamically stable (mean stabilization energy=−2 kJ mol−1) relative to the crystallization of a physical mixture of the binary salt and acid. The results suggest that a combined mechanosynthesis and CSP approach could be used to target the synthesis of higher‐order molecular ICCs with functional properties.
Double Chalcogen Bonds: Crystal Engineering Stratagems via Diffraction and Multinuclear Solid‐State Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Authors: Kumar Vijith , Xu Yijue , Bryce David L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGroup 16 chalcogens potentially provide Lewis‐acidic σ‐holes, which are able to form attractive supramolecular interactions with electron rich partners through chalcogen bonds. Here, a multifaceted experimental and computational study of a large series of novel chalcogen‐bonded cocrystals, prepared using the principles of crystal engineering, is presented. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies reveal that dicyanoselenadiazole and dicyanotelluradiazole derivatives work as promising supramolecular synthons with the ability to form double chalcogen bonds with a wide range of electron donors including halides and oxygen‐ and nitrogen‐containing heterocycles. Extensive 77Se and 125Te solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic investigations of cocrystals establish correlations between the NMR parameters of selenium and tellurium and the local chalcogen bonding geometry. The relationships between the electronic environment of the chalcogen bond and the 77Se and 125Te chemical shift tensors were elucidated through a natural localized molecular orbital density functional theory analysis. This systematic study of chalcogen‐bond‐based crystal engineering lays the foundations for the preparation of the various multicomponent systems and establishes solid‐state NMR protocols to detect these interactions in powdered materials.
Synthesis and Chiroptical Properties of Chiral Carbazole‐Based BODIPYs
Authors: Maeda Chihiro , Suka Keita , Nagahata Keiji , Takaishi Kazuto , Ema Tadashi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA series of carbazole‐based boron dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) 2 a–g bearing binaphthyl units have been synthesized by the Et2AlCl‐mediated reaction of the corresponding BODIPY difluorides 1 a–g with 1,1′‐binaphthalene‐2,2′‐diol. Substituents such as halogen, nitrile, and amino groups were tolerated under the reaction conditions, and the reaction of the phenylethynyl‐substituted 1 h gave (R,R)‐3 h bearing two binaphthyl units. The chiroptical properties of these dyes with different substituents were investigated by UV/Vis, CD, fluorescence, and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) spectroscopy. The CD spectra showed Cotton effects in the absorption region of the BODIPY moieties. In addition, they showed CPL both in solution and in the solid state. Interestingly, several dyes recorded higher glum values in the solid state, probably due to intermolecular interactions. Because (R,R)‐3 h recorded relatively low glum values, the diastereomer (R,S)‐3 h was prepared. The (R,S) diastereomer showed intense CPL, which suggests a synergetic effect of the two binaphthyl groups. Finally, chiral carbazole‐based BODIPY dimers have been synthesized for the first time and their chiroptical properties were investigated. They showed redshifted fluorescence and CPL, which reached the near‐IR (NIR) region in the solid state.
Site‐Selective N‐Methylation of 5,15‐Diazaporphyrins: Reactive Cationic Porphyrinoids that Provide Isoporphyrin Analogues
Authors: Chia Wen Xi , Nishijo Mayu , Kang Seongsoo , Oh Juwon , Nishimura Tsubasa , Omori Hiroto , Longevial Jean‐François , Miyake Yoshihiro , Kim Dongho , Shinokubo Hiroshi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractN‐Alkylation significantly changes the electronic and optical properties, as well as the reactivity of nitrogen‐containing π‐conjugated molecules. In this study, it is found that treating 5,15‐diazaporphyrins with methyl triflate selectively affords the corresponding N‐methyl‐5,15‐diazaporphyrinium cations in good yield. N‐Methylation substantially alters the electronic properties and reactivity of diazaporphyrins. The electron‐accepting properties of the N‐methyl‐5,15‐diazaporphyrinium cations are enhanced due to their lowered LUMO level. Stabilization of the LUMO energy enables regio‐ and stereoselective Diels–Alder reactions of the cationic diazaporphyrin with cyclopentadiene. N‐Methylation also enhances the acidity of the inner NH protons, and thus, allows facile deprotonation to provide nitrogen‐substituted isoporphyrin analogues with only one NH group in the central cavity.
Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for ovarian cancer: The heat is on
Authors: Koole Simone N. , van Driel Willemien J. , Sonke Gabe S. 
Published: December 2019

Patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer have a high incidence of peritoneal disease recurrence despite maximal efforts to surgically remove all visible tumor plus intravenous chemotherapy. The administration of intraperitoneal chemotherapy that specifically targets the peritoneal surface has been investigated in previous trials, but questions about the design of these studies has prevented this treatment from being widely adopted in clinical practice. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a single intraoperative approach that also targets the peritoneal surface. A randomized phase 3 trial showed significant benefit in recurrence‐free and overall survival when HIPEC was added to interval cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in patients who were not eligible for primary surgery because of the extent of their disease (OVHIPEC trial; NCT00426257). The trial showed no important differences in toxicity or patient‐reported outcomes between the study groups. The extent of surgery and the number of bowel resections were also similar between the 2 study groups, and the effect of HIPEC was homogeneous across the levels of predefined and post hoc subgroups. Nevertheless, the design and the results of the OVHIPEC trial were critically assessed, and this resembles the reluctance to adopt the positive results of the earlier intraperitoneal chemotherapy studies. This overview discusses the design and results of the OVHIPEC trial. The evidence that is currently available points to a clinically relevant and cost‐effective benefit of HIPEC added to interval CRS for patients with stage III ovarian cancer who are not eligible for primary surgery. Ongoing collaborative research will provide further evidence regarding the role of HIPEC in ovarian cancer.
A Preorganized Hydrogen‐Bonding Motif for the Molecular Recognition of Carbohydrates
Authors: Francesconi Oscar , Cicero Federico , Nativi Cristina , Roelens Stefano 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe choice between adaptive and preorganized architectures, or of the most effective hydrogen bonding groups to be selected, are dilemmas that supramolecular chemists must address in designing synthetic receptors for such a challenging guest as carbohydrates. In this paper, structurally related architectures featuring two alternative hydrogen bonding motifs were compared to ascertain the structural and functional origin of their binding differences and the advantages that can be expected in monosaccharide recognition. A set of structurally related macrocyclic receptors were prepared, and their binding properties were measured by NMR and ITC techniques in chloroform vs a common saccharidic target, namely, the β‐octyl glycoside of D‐glucose. Results showed that the diaminocarbazolic motif, recently reported as the constituting unit of highly effective receptors for saccharides in water, is a superior hydrogen bonding motif compared to the previously described diaminopyrrolic motif, which was successfully employed in molecular recognition of carbohydrates in polar organic solvents, due to intrinsic structural and functional factors, rather than to hydrophobic contributions. In addition, the occurrence of a rare example of a thermodynamic template effect exerted by the beta‐glucoside has been ascertained, enhancing the synthesis outcome of the otherwise low yielding preparation of the described macrocyclic receptors.
Expression and function of DNAM‐1 on human B‐lineage cells
Authors: Nagayama‐Hasegawa Yuko , Honda Shin‐ichiro , Shibuya Akira , Shibuya Kazuko 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough DNAM‐1 is an activating receptor constitutively expressed on the majority of NK cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, monocytes, and platelets in human, several evidences demonstrated that a small population in B‐lineage cells also expressed DNAM‐1. However, the expression profile of DNAM‐1 on B‐lineage cells and its function remain obscure. Previous reports revealed that a considerable number of leukocytes including B cells in the peripheral blood conjugated to platelet. Thus, the proportion of DNAM‐1+ B‐lineage cells determined by flow cytometry analysis in the previous reports might be overestimated.MethodsWe examined whether platelets conjugate B cells and then analyzed the expression of DNAM‐1 on the subpopulations of B‐lineage cells according to their maturation stages after exclusion of platelet‐conjugated B cells. We also assessed the involvement of DNAM‐1 in IL‐10 and antibody production from cultured B‐lineage cells stimulated with CpG‐ODN.ResultsApproximately 10% of human DNAM‐1+ CD19+ B cells in the peripheral blood conjugated to platelets, resulting in the overestimation of the proportion of DNAM‐1+ B cells. After exclusion of platelet‐conjugating B cells, we show that DNAM‐1 expression was detected on subpopulations of memory B cells, plasmablasts, and plasma cells and upregulated by stimulation with CpG‐ODN. Moreover, DNAM‐1 was involved in IL‐10 and antibody productions by B cells after CpG‐ODN stimulation.ConclusionsDNAM‐1 may be involved in B‐lineage cell‐mediated immune responses.
Design patterns for wildlife‐related camera trap image analysis
Authors: Greenberg Saul , Godin Theresa , Whittington Jesse 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper describes and explains design patterns for software that supports how analysts can efficiently inspect and classify camera trap images for wildlife‐related ecological attributes. Broadly speaking, a design pattern identifies a commonly occurring problem and a general reusable design approach to solve that problem. A developer can then use that design approach to create a specific software solution appropriate to the particular situation under consideration. In particular, design patterns for camera trap image analysis by wildlife biologists address solutions to commonly occurring problems they face while inspecting a large number of images and entering ecological data describing image attributes. We developed design patterns for image classification based on our understanding of biologists' needs that we acquired over 8 years during development and application of the freely available Timelapse image analysis system. For each design pattern presented, we describe the problem, a design approach that solves that problem, and a concrete example of how Timelapse addresses the design pattern. Our design patterns offer both general and specific solutions related to: maintaining data consistency, efficiencies in image inspection, methods for navigating between images, efficiencies in data entry including highly repetitious data entry, and sorting and filtering image into sequences, episodes, and subsets. These design patterns can inform the design of other camera trap systems and can help biologists assess how competing software products address their project‐specific needs along with determining an efficient workflow.