bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis C virus or hepatitis B virus coinfection and lymphoma risk in people living with HIV
Authors: Besson Caroline , Noel Nicolas , Lancar Remi , Prevot Sophie , Algarte-Genin Michele , Rosenthal Eric , Bonnet Fabrice , Meyohas Marie-Caroline , Partisani Marialuisa , Oberic Lucie , Gabarre Jean , Goujard Cécile , Cheret Antoine , Arvieux Cedric , Katlama Christine , Salmon Dominique , Boué François , Costello Regis , Hendel-Chavez Houria , Taoufik Yassine , Fontaine Hélène , Coppo Paul , Mounier Nicolas , Delobel Pierre , Costagliola Dominique 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are associated with increased risks of lymphomas in the non-HIV setting. Their impacts on HIV-associated lymphomas deserved further studies in the modern combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) era.

Design:
We evaluated the associations between HCV, HBV and HIV-related lymphomas in the Lymphovir-ANRS-CO16 cohort.

Methods:
Prevalence of HCV seropositivity and chronic HBV infections were compared with those observed in the French Hospital Database on HIV (FHDH-ANRS-CO4).

Results:
Between 2008 and 2015, 179 patients with HIV-related lymphomas from 32 French hospitals were enrolled, 69 had Hodgkin's lymphoma (39%), and 110 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) (61%). The prevalence of HCV infection was higher in patients with NHL than in the FHDH-ANRS-CO4 [26 versus 14%, odd ratio (OR): 2.15; 95% confidence interval (1.35–3.32)] whereas there was no association between Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic HCV infection. Chronic HBV infection was not associated with NHL in our cohort with a prevalence of 5 versus 7% in FHDH-ANRS-CO4 but tended to be associated with Hodgkin's lymphoma [prevalence of 14%, OR: 2.16 (0.98–4.27)]. Chronic HCV infection tended to pejoratively impact 2-year overall survival in patients with NHL: 72% [57%, 91%] versus 82% [74%, 91%], hazard ratio: 2.14 [0.95–4.84]. In contrast, chronic HBV infection did not correlate with outcome.

Conclusion:
In the modern cART era, chronic HCV infection is associated with an increased risk of NHL in PLWHIV and tends to pejoratively impact overall survival. HBV infection is not associated with the risk of NHL but with a borderline increase of Hodgkin's lymphoma risk.
Antiviral (Hepatitis C Virus) Drug-Drug Interaction Leading to Dramatic Underestimation of Liver Function With 99mTc-Mebrofenin Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy
Authors: Deshayes Emmanuel , Fersing Cyril , Meunier Lucy , Quenet François , Guiu Boris 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
There is a growing interest in assessment of future remnant liver function with 99mTc-mebrofenin hepatobiliary scintigraphy before major hepatectomy to estimate the risk of posthepatectomy liver failure. We illustrate the case of a 42-year-old woman with liver metastasis from colorectal cancer who performed hepatobiliary scintigraphy. 99mTc-mebrofenin clearance rate of the total liver was considerably low. The patient recently started a treatment for active hepatitis C with a combination of 2 new direct-acting antiviral agents (grazoprevir, elbasvir). Apart from hypoalbuminemia or hyperbilirubinemia, physicians must be aware that drug interactions can interfere with 99mTc-mebrofenin liver uptake, thereby resulting in a dramatic underestimation of liver function.
Abdominal Wall Granulomatous Inflammation Mimicking Malignancy on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Shen Guohua , Kuang Anren 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
An old woman with abdominal pain complained a palpable mass on the right anterior abdominal wall. On PET/CT images, the lesion presented as a soft tissue mass with irregular shape, invading adjacent peritoneum and showing intense FDG uptake. Based on imaging findings, a malignancy was suspected, and she underwent surgical resection. However, the abdominal wall mass was diagnosed as granulomatous inflammation with a little necrosis by pathological results. Awareness of this benign disease is helpful for an accurate diagnosis of abdominal wall mass.
Asymmetric 67Ga Activity in the Head Related to Prior Head Trauma
Authors: Bai Xia , Wang Xuemei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

67Ga study was performed in a 10-year-old boy who had a history of motor vehicle accident to evaluate occult infection. No abnormal activity typical of active infection was noted. However, there was significantly decreased activity in the right side of the head, which was related to his head trauma.
SPECT/CT Demonstrating 131I Accumulation in Gallbladder Stone in a Thyroid Cancer Patient
Authors: Shao Fuqiang , Long Yu , Chen Xiaomin , Lan Xiaoli 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The radioiodine in the gallbladder usually mimics focal hepatic activity on the planar 131I whole-body scintigraphy. Here we describe an abnormal uptake in the hepatic region on postablative 131I scintigraphy in a 37-year-old woman with papillary thyroid cancer. The SPECT/CT images revealed this “hepatic activity” corresponded to gallbladder stone.
A Rare Case of Primary Ventricular Lymphoma Presented on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Wang Dong , Su Min , Xiao JingXing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Primary ventricular lymphoma is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma confined to the central nervous system. A 51-year-old woman presented with a 4-month history of unsteady gait and progressive decline in memory. An outside brain MRI showed multiple space-occupying lesions in the ventricles, which suggested malignancy. Staging with FDG PET/CT demonstrated not only hypermetabolic masses in the lateral, third, and fourth ventricles but also a hypermetabolic lesion in the spinal cord. A biopsy of the right lateral ventricle tumor confirmed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Primary Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Liao Wen-Chieh , Keng Chen , Ma Hsu , Hsu Chih-Yi 
Published: December 2019

Background
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is rare among Asians. To evaluate the presence and characteristics of MCC in Taiwan, we described the characteristics, treatment, and prognostic findings of MCC in our institution.

Methods
We revisited and carried out a retrospective chart review of 16 consecutive patients with MCC treated from 1995 to 2018. Patient demographic data, tumor size, location, previous treatment, and follow-up data about presence of locoregional recurrence and metastasis were evaluated.

Results
There were 14 male and 2 female patients (mean age = 75.1 years; range = 26–91 years). Clinical follow-up revealed local recurrences in 5 patients 1 to 4 months after surgical excision. Lymph node metastasis was observed in 3 patients. We reviewed previously published articles and analyzed the clinical findings, pathologic examinations, and treatments.

Conclusions
Surgical wide excision of the primary tumor remains the mainstay of treatment for patients with local/regional MCC. Additional management strategies, such as lymphadenectomy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy, depend on the presence or absence of clinically detectable lymph node disease. The prognosis for MCC is variable. Our findings highlight the importance of maintaining a high clinical suspicion for this malignancy in the appropriate clinical context to avoid delays in diagnosis and management.
Incidence and Risk of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Dialysis
Authors: Tsai Chia-Hsuan , Hsu Hsiang-Hao , Chen Shih-Heng , Chien Ling , Lin Jennifer An-Jou , Chang Chee-Jen , Kao Huang-Kai 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common cause of compression neuropathy of the upper extremities. This retrospective nationwide matched cohort study was conducted using the data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database between January 2003 and December 2012. The incidence rate of CTS was 975.84 and 544.12/100,000 person-years, respectively, yielding an incidence rate ratio of 1.79 (95% confidence interval, 1.68-1.91, P < 0.0001). CTS patients with End-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the dialysis group were more likely to receive surgical intervention than those the control group (62.41% vs 12.89%, P < 0.0001). The risk of CTS was significantly higher in the ESRD on dialysis cohort (10-year cumulative incidence, 8.0%) than in the control cohort (5.1%), which yielded an adjusted hazard ratio of 13.95 (95% confidence interval, 10.95–17.76, P < 0.0001). The high risk of CTS in ESRD patients on dialysis suggests that timely referral to hand surgeons with appropriate treatment should prevent permanent median nerve damage by CTS and may possibly improve patients' quality of life.
Gait Improvement and Ulcer Prevention With Second-to-Great Toe Transposition at the Donor Site
Authors: Yang Cristhiam , Hsieh Yu-Hsuan , Chen Hsin-Hung , Tsai Chia-Hsuan , Lin Yu-Te 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A young male patient, who sustained a severe burn injury 6 years ago, received amputation of left hand at the level of metacarpal shaft of the thumb and base of proximal phalanxes of the rest of the fingers. Staged operations, including combined second- and third-toe transfer from the right foot to middle and ring fingers of the left hand, and harvest of great toe from the left foot for reconstruction of left thumb, were successively executed. Unfortunately, callus and ulcer were found at the plantar area of first metatarsophalangeal joint of left donor foot in the following 2 years, which caused troublesome disturbance during ambulation. We hereby present how second toe transposition can decrease the donor foot pain and prevent the recurrence of plantar ulcer after 21 months of follow-up.
Disrupted white matter integrity in treatment-resistant schizophrenia
Authors: McNabb Carolyn B. , McIlwain Meghan E. , Anderson Valerie M. , Kydd Robert R. , Sundram Frederick , Russell Bruce R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTreatment response in schizophrenia is heterogeneous and has been posited to divide into three distinct subcategories: treatment-responsive (first-line responders; FLR), treatment-resistant (TRS, responding to clozapine), and ultra-treatment-resistant schizophrenia (UTRS, requiring augmented antipsychotic therapy). Previous work suggests that white matter abnormalities drive antipsychotic resistance but little work has been carried out to identify differences between those with TRS and those with UTRS. The current study aimed to establish whether differences in white matter structure are present across both treatment-resistant subtypes of schizophrenia or if UTRS is distinct from TRS. Diffusion-weighted images were acquired for 18 individuals with TRS, 14 with UTRS, 18 FLR and 20 healthy controls. Measures of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD) and parallel diffusivity (PD) were obtained using tract-based spatial statistics. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc between-groups t-tests interrogating differences were conducted for each white matter measure. Those with TRS had lower FA than healthy controls across widespread regions of the brain, including the superior longitudinal fasciculus, corpus callosum, thalamic radiation, corticospinal tract, internal capsule, corona radiata and fronto-occipital fasciculus (p<.05 FWE-corrected). Lower FA was also observed in those with TRS compared with UTRS in the superior longitudinal fasciculus (p<.05 FWE-corrected). However, post-hoc tests failed to survive corrections for multiple comparisons across the 12 post-hoc contrasts. No differences in MD, PD or RD were observed between groups. These data suggest that TRS is distinct from UTRS and that lower FA could act as a biomarker of treatment resistance in people with schizophrenia.
Distinct temporal trends in breast cancer incidence from 1997 to 2016 by molecular subtypes: A population-based study of Scottish cancer registry data
Authors: Mesa-Eguiagaray Ines , Wild Sarah H , Rosenberg Philip S. , Bird Sheila M , Brewster David H , Hall Peter S , Cameron David , Morrison David , Figueroa Jonine D 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundStrategies for breast cancer prevention are informed by assessing whether incidence differs by tumour biology. We describe temporal trends of breast cancer incidence by molecular subtypes in Scotland.MethodsPopulation-based cancer registry data on 72,217 women diagnosed with incident primary breast cancer from 1997 to 2016 were analysed. Age-standardised rates (ASR) and age-specific incidence were estimated by tumour subtype after imputing the 8% of missing oestrogen receptor (ER) status. Joinpoint regression and age- period- cohort models were used to assess whether significant differences were observed in incidence trends by ER status.ResultsER positive tumour incidence steadily increased particularly for women of screening age 50 to 69 years from 1997 till around 2011 (1.6%/year, 95%CI: 1.2 to 2.1). ER negative incidence decreased among all ages at a consistent rate of −0.7%/year (95%CI: −1.5, 0) from around 2000-2016. Compared to the 1941-1959 central birth cohort, women born 1912-1940 had lower incidence rate ratios (IRR) for ER+ tumours and women born 1960- 1986 had higher IRR for ER- tumours.ConclusionsWe show evidence of aetiologic heterogeneity of breast cancer. Future incidence and survival reporting should be monitored by molecular subtypes.
Rate of Force Development is Related to Maximal Force, Muscle Quality and Physical Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Predialysis
Authors: Gollie Jared M. , Harris-Love Michael O. , Patel Samir S. , Blackman Marc R. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundPhysical function is severely compromised in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and worsens with continued decreases in kidney function. Neuromuscular force capacity is a key determinant of physical function in healthy older adults, though its importance in persons with CKD is less understood.MethodsThis study aimed to determine the relationships among rate of force development (RFD), muscle quality and physical function in a group of community-dwelling, middle-aged and older men (n=14; age=71.2±6.2 years) with CKD stages 3 and 4 (eGFR=37.5±10.4 ml/min per 1.73 m2). Force characteristics were determined from maximal knee extensor isometric contractions and muscle quality was estimated using ultrasound grayscale analysis. Physical function was assessed by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and 5-repetition sit-to-stand (STS) test.ResultseGFR was directly related to SPPB (r=0.54, p=0.044) and inversely related to STS (r=-0.62, p=0.029). RFD was positively related to SPPB at time points 0-50 ms, 50-100 ms, and 0-300 ms (RFD0-50, r=0.73, p=0.010; RFD50-100, r=0.67, p=0.022 and RFD0-300 r=0.61, p=0.045); and inversely related to STS at time points 0-50 ms, 50-100 ms, and 0-300 ms (RFD0-50, r=-0.78, p=0.007; RFD50-100, r=-0.78, p=0.006 and RFD0-300 r=-0.76, p=0.009), respectively. RFD was positively associated with maximal voluntary force (MVF) at times 50-100 ms, 100-200 ms, and 0-300 ms (RFD50-100, r=0.72, p=0.011; RFD100-200, r=0.66, p=0.025; and RFD0-300 r=0.70, p=0.016), respectively. Neither MVF nor muscle quality was significantly associated with functional measures.ConclusionsRFD is an important determinant of physical function in middle-aged and older men with CKD stages 3 and 4.
The epidemiology of systematic review updates: a longitudinal study of updating of Cochrane reviews, 2003 to 2018
Authors: Bastian Hilda , Doust Jenny , Clarke Mike , Glasziou Paul 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe Cochrane Collaboration has been publishing systematic reviews in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) since 1995, with the intention that these be updated periodically.ObjectivesTo chart the long-term updating history of a cohort of Cochrane reviews and the impact on the number of included studies.MethodsThe status of a cohort of Cochrane reviews updated in 2003 was assessed at three time points: 2003, 2011, and 2018. We assessed their subject scope, compiled their publication history using PubMed and CDSR, and compared them to all Cochrane reviews available in 2002 and 2017/18.ResultsOf the 1,532 Cochrane reviews available in 2002, 11.3% were updated in 2003, with 16.6% not updated between 2003 and 2011. The reviews updated in 2003 were not markedly different to other reviews available in 2002, but more were retracted or declared stable by 2011 (13.3% versus 6.3%). The 2003 update led to a major change of the conclusions of 2.8% of updated reviews (n = 177). The cohort had a median time since publication of the first full version of the review of 18 years and a median of three updates by 2018 (range 1–11). The median time to update was three years (range 0–14 years). By the end of 2018, the median time since the last update was seven years (range 0–15). The median number of included studies rose from eight in the version of the review before the 2003 update, to 10 in that update and 14 in 2018 (range 0–347).ConclusionsMost Cochrane reviews get updated, however they are becoming more out-of-date over time. Updates have resulted in an overall rise in the number of included studies, although they only rarely lead to major changes in conclusion.
[Knowledge and attitudes regarding infant BLS among babysitters and nursemaids in north rural Jordan]
Authors: Raffee Liqaa , Hamadneh Shereen , Kassab Manal , Almomani Fidaa , Hamadneh Jehan , AlBashtawy Mohammed , Obeidat Rawan A. , Almazloom Othman 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of national data related to the public knowledge and attitudes concerning Basic Life Support (BLS) for an infant. This study is the first to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding infant BLS among babysitters and nursemaids who are working in registered nurseries in North Jordan.MethodsA semi-structured questionnaire was conducted among a convenience sample of 77 child caretakers (babysitters and nursemaids) who were looking after infants in registered nurseries in north of Jordan.ResultsThe findings show that the majority of participants were not aware of skills for managing foreign body aspiration (or CPR) among infants, while more than two-thirds of them never attended training and or education sessions regarding managing foreign body aspiration among infants.ConclusionsThis research strongly recommends training for babysitters and care center staff. The findings of this study indicated that caregivers in Jordanian kindergartens and nurseries lack awareness regarding safe infant care. As such, there is a lack of basic skills for resuscitation in urgent cases; which can increase the risk of sudden and unexpected child death. Accordingly, the infant life support course is highly recommended for babysitters and nursemaids. Health care professionals could help to implement infant basic life support training courses through local community basic service centers, non-governmental organizations, local associations, universities and health colleges through providing workshops that aim at enhancing knowledge and skills for infant BLS among caregivers and babysitters.
Dissecting intratumor heterogeneity of nodal B cell lymphomas on the transcriptional, genetic, and drug response level
Authors: Roider Tobias , Seufert Julian , Uvarovskii Alexey , Frauhammer Felix , Bordas Marie , Abedpour Nima , Stolarczyk Marta , Mallm Jan-Philipp , Rabe Sophie , Bruch Peter-Martin , Balke-Want Hyatt , Hundemer Michael , Rippe Karsten , Goeppert Benjamin , Seiffert Martina , Brors Benedikt , Mechtersheimer Gunhild , Zenz Thorsten , Peifer Martin , Chapuy Björn , Schlesner Matthias , Müller-Tidow Carsten , Fröhling Stefan , Huber Wolfgang , Anders Simon , Dietrich Sascha 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTumor heterogeneity encompasses both the malignant cells and their microenvironment. While heterogeneity between individual patients is well-known to affect the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs, most personalized treatment approaches do not account for intratumor heterogeneity. We addressed this issue by studying the heterogeneity of lymph node-derived B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) by single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and transcriptome-informed flow cytometry. We identified transcriptionally distinct malignant subclones and compared their drug response and genomic profiles. Malignant subclones of the same patient responded strikingly different to anti-cancer drugs ex vivo, which recapitulated subclone-specific drug sensitivity during in vivo treatment. Tumor infiltrating T cells represented the majority of non-malignant cells, whose gene expression signatures were similar across all donors, whereas the frequencies of T cell subsets varied significantly between the donors. Our data provide new insights into the heterogeneity of B-NHL and highlight the relevance of intratumor heterogeneity for personalized cancer therapies.
Neurobehavioural signatures in race car driving
Authors: Lima Ines Rito , Haar Shlomi , Di Grassi Lucas , Faisal A. Aldo 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTRecent technological developments in mobile brain and body imaging are enabling new frontiers of real-world neuroscience. Simultaneous recordings of body movement and brain activity from highly skillful individuals as they demonstrate their exceptional skills in real-world settings, can shed new light on neurobehavioural structure of human expertise. Driving is a real-world skill which many of us acquire on different levels of expertise. Here we ran a case-study on a subject with the highest level of driving expertise - a Formula E Champion. We studied the expert driver’s neural and motor patterns while he drove a sports car in the “Top Gear” race track under extreme conditions (high speed, low visibility, low temperature, wet track). His brain activity, eye movements and hand/foot movements were recorded. Brain activity in the delta, alpha, and beta frequency bands showed causal relation to hand movements. We demonstrate, here in summary, that even in extreme situations (race track driving) a method for conducting human ethomic (Ethology + Omics) data that encompasses information on the sensory inputs and motor outputs outputs of the brain as well as brain state to characterise complex human skills.
Diffusion Weighted Image Co-registration: Investigation of Best Practices
Authors: Chen David Qixiang , Dell’Acqua Flavio , Rokem Ariel , Garyfallidis Eleftherios , Hayes David J. , Zhong Jidan , Hodaie Mojgan 
Published: December 2019

1.AbstractThe registration or alignment of diffusion weighted images (DWI) with other imaging modalities is a critical step in neuroimaging analysis. Within-subject T1-DWI co-registration is particularly instrumental. DWI-derived scalar images are commonly used as intermediates for T1-DWI co-registration, and the resulting registration transforms are applied to all other scalar images for analysis. The ideal registration intermediate should register well to T1 and other multimodal images and be practically easy to obtain. It is however, currently unclear which DWI-derived scalar image serves as the best intermediate. We aim to determine the best, practical, intermediate for image co-registration. T1 and DWI images were acquired from 20 healthy subjects. DWIs were acquired with 60 directions. Six DWI-derived scalar images were compared including: 1) fractional anisotropy (FA); 2) generalized FA (GFA); 3) B0 images; 4) mean DWIs with the B0 image (MDWI); 5) anisotropic power (AP) images. AP showed the smallest variability in registration improvements across all the tested DWI derived scalar images, and show the highest average percent changes with CC registration cost function (CC=1.2%, MI=15%). In contrast, the FA and GFA transforms resulted in significantly poorer registration across DWI types. The AP image was the DWI-derived scalar image that provided the most consistent registration to all other images. Practically, it is generated easily and so could be implemented in basic and clinical research pipelines currently using other intermediates. Given these findings, it is recommended that AP images be used for T1–DWI co-registration, and that FA and GFA images in particular be avoided.