bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytic Activity, Negative AC‐Electrical Conductivity, Dielectric Modulus, and Impedance Properties in 0.6 (Al0.2La0.8TiO3) + 0.4 (BiFeO3) Nanocomposite
Authors: Mallikarjuna A. , Ramesh Singampalli , Kumar Nagasamudram Suresh , Naidu Kadiyala Chandra Babu , Ratnam K. Venkata , Manjunatha H. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA series of nanocomposites with a chemical formula of (1−x) (Al0.2La0.8TiO3) + x (BiFeO3)/ALTBF is prepared through low temperature hydrothermal method. The tetragonal phases are detected at x = 0.2 and the x = 0.4–0.8 composites show the existence of cubic phases. The transmission electron microscope pictures show the presence of well‐defined spherical particles for all composites. Furthermore, photocatalytic activity is observed for x = 0.2–0.8 composites during time intervals ranging from 0 to 240 min. The x = 0.2, 0.6, and 0.8 nanocomposites reveal the usual behavior of ac‐electrical conductivity (σac), dielectric modulus parameters (M′ and M″), and impedance parameters (Z′ and Z″). However, interestingly, x = 0.4 composite performs the negative values of electrical parameters like σac, M′, M″, and Z″. This implies that x = 0.4 composite behaves like a metamaterial possessing negative indexed electrical parameters. Therefore, x = 0.4 composite can be well suited for microwave device applications at high frequency.
Poor adherence and persistence to sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitors in real‐world settings: Evidence from a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ofori‐Asenso Richard , Sahle Berhe W. , Chin Ken Lee , Mazidi Mohsen , Ademi Zanfina , De Bruin Marie Louise , Liew Danny 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimsDespite increasing prescription of sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, there is limited insight of the patterns of use among patients with diabetes prescribed these drugs. This study aimed to summarize available real‐world data on the adherence and persistence to SGLT2 inhibitors.Materials and MethodsA systematic review for observational studies reporting the adherence and persistence to SGLT2 inhibitors was performed in Medline, Embase, and Web of Science from their inception to October 2019. Data were analysed via random‐effects meta‐analysis.ResultsA total of 22 studies (31 cohorts) comprising 123 854 individuals prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors from eight countries were included. The pooled mean proportions of days covered [PDC] at six months and one year were 0.77 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72‐0.82) and 0.72 (95% CI 0.66‐0.77), respectively. The pooled proportions adherent (PDC ≥0.80) at six months and one year were 59.5% (95% CI 52.9‐65.9) and 49.0% (95% CI 42.3‐55.8), respectively. The pooled proportions of people persistent at six months, one year, and two years were 80.1% (95% CI 75.8‐84.0), 61.8% (95% CI 57.8‐65.7), and 45.9% (95% CI 35.5‐56.5), respectively. When persistence was defined as the absence of ≥90‐days gap, the equivalent pooled proportions persistent were 81.5% (95% CI 73.1‐88.6), 58.9% (95% CI 53.1‐64.6), and 34.7% (95% CI 33.6‐35.8). Adherence and persistence appeared to vary across different SGLT2 inhibitors.ConclusionsReal‐world adherence and persistence to SGLT2 inhibitors is poor. Hence, targets for improving treatment adherence and persistence need to be identified and appropriate interventions implemented.
On the morphology of radial sand ridges
Authors: Zhang Weina , Zhang Xiaohe , Huang Huiming , Wang Yigang , Fagherazzi Sergio 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe use a hydrodynamic model applied to an idealized fan‐shaped basin to explore the morphology and dynamics of radial sand ridges in a convergent coastal system. A positive morphological feedback between channel incision and flow redistribution is responsible for the formation of the channel‐ridge pattern. The selection mechanism of bottom wavelength is associated with flow concentration in the deeper part of the channels. Our results are compared to sediment and hydraulic dynamics in the radial sand ridges (RSRs) in China. In a convergent, sloping basin the tangentially averaged tidal velocity peaks at 47 km from the apex. This distance is similar to the arc distance, 62 km, where the RSRs are most incised. An offshore shift in tidal phase results in stronger flows near the north coastline, explaining the presence of asymmetric channel patterns. A numerical stability analysis indicates that small radial oscillations with a wavelength of 10° to 15° maximize the velocity in the troughs. This oscillation wavelength also emerges in the RSRs, which display a peak in spectral energy at a radial wavelength between 25° to 37.5°. High‐resolution numerical simulations in the RSRs confirm that flow concentration occurs in the deeper part of the channels, keeping them flushed. We therefore conclude that the RSRs display morphometric characteristics similar to other tidal incisions, like tidal inlets and intertidal channels. This result further supports the dominant role of tidal prism and related peak velocities in incising coastal landscapes. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A distributed collaborative trust service recommender system for secure cloud computing
Authors: Benjula Anbu Malar M. B. , Prabhu J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA model for providing solutions to the security issue of the cloud computing environment is addressed in this article by proposing a distributed collaborative trust service recommender (DTSR) system. DTSRs are kept in a distributed manner spread over the clouds, and they are used to extract raw trust from different sources. This trust information is based on the feedback by cloud service user's observation about the adherence of a cloud service provider (CSP) to a service level agreement for the cloud‐based service provided. Using this trust data, the overall trust of CSPs is computed by using collaborative computation. The trust values are propagated among the distributed DTSRs in the network so that the trust values are available to everyone in the cloud environment. Experiments were conducted, which clearly shows that our proposed system is useful in providing a secure multicloud environment.
Microglia influence host defense, disease, and repair following murine coronavirus infection of the central nervous system
Authors: Mangale Vrushali , Syage Amber R. , Ekiz H. Atakan , Skinner Dominic D. , Cheng Yuting , Stone Colleen L. , Brown R. Marshall , O'Connell Ryan M. , Green Kim N. , Lane Thomas E. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe present study examines functional contributions of microglia in host defense, demyelination, and remyelination following infection of susceptible mice with a neurotropic coronavirus. Treatment with PLX5622, an inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) that efficiently depletes microglia, prior to infection of the central nervous system (CNS) with the neurotropic JHM strain of mouse hepatitis virus (JHMV) resulted in increased mortality compared with control mice that correlated with impaired control of viral replication. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNASeq) of CD45+ cells isolated from the CNS revealed that PLX5622 treatment resulted in muted CD4+ T cell activation profile that was associated with decreased expression of transcripts encoding MHC class II and CD86 in macrophages but not dendritic cells. Evaluation of spinal cord demyelination revealed a marked increase in white matter damage in PLX5622‐treated mice that corresponded with elevated expression of transcripts encoding disease‐associated proteins Osteopontin (Spp1), Apolipoprotein E (Apoe), and Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (Trem2) that were enriched within macrophages. In addition, PLX5622 treatment dampened expression of Cystatin F (Cst7), Insulin growth factor 1 (Igf1), and lipoprotein lipase (Lpl) within macrophage populations which have been implicated in promoting repair of damaged nerve tissue and this was associated with impaired remyelination. Collectively, these findings argue that microglia tailor the CNS microenvironment to enhance control of coronavirus replication as well as dampen the severity of demyelination and influence repair.
Network connectivity predicts language processing in healthy adults
Authors: Tomasi Dardo , Volkow Nora D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBrain imaging has been used to predict language skills during development and neuropathology but its accuracy in predicting language performance in healthy adults has been poorly investigated. To address this shortcoming, we studied the ability to predict reading accuracy and single‐word comprehension scores from rest‐ and task‐based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) datasets of 424 healthy adults. Using connectome‐based predictive modeling, we identified functional brain networks with >400 edges that predicted language scores and were reproducible in independent data sets. To simplify these complex models we identified the overlapping edges derived from the three task‐fMRI sessions (language, working memory, and motor tasks), and found 12 edges for reading recognition and 11 edges for vocabulary comprehension that accounted for 20% of the variance of these scores, both in the training sample and in the independent sample. The overlapping edges predominantly emanated from language areas within the frontoparietal and default‐mode networks, with a strong precuneus prominence. These findings identify a small subset of edges that accounted for a significant fraction of the variance in language performance that might serve as neuromarkers for neuromodulation interventions to improve language performance or for presurgical planning to minimize language impairments.
Syntheses of Molybdenum and Tungsten Imido Alkylidene Complexes that Contain a Bidentate Oxo/Thiolato Ligand
Authors: Tafazolian Hosein , VenkatRamani Sudarsan , Tsay Charlene , Schrock Richard R. , Müller Peter 
Published: May 2020

Abstract3,3′,5,5′‐Tetra‐tert‐butyl‐2′‐sulfanyl[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐2‐ol (H2[tBu4OS]) was prepared in 24 % yield overall from the analogous biphenol using standard techniques. Addition of H2[tBu4OS] to Mo(NAr)(CHCMe2Ph)(2,5‐dimethylpyrrolide)2 led to formation of Mo(NAr)(CHCMe2Ph)[tBu4OS], which was trapped with PMe3 to give Mo(NAr)(CHCMe2Ph)[tBu4OS](PMe3) (1(PMe3)). An X‐ray crystallographic study of 1(PMe3) revealed that two structurally distinct square pyramidal molecules are present in which the alkylidene ligand occupies the apical position in each. Both 1(PMe3)A and 1(PMe3)B are disordered. Mo(NAd)(CHCMe2Ph)(tBu4OS)(PMe3) (2(PMe3); Ad=1‐adamantyl) and W(NAr)(CHCMe2Ph)(tBu4OS)(PMe3) (3(PMe3)) were prepared using analogous approaches. 1(PMe3) reacts with ethylene (1 atm) in benzene within 45 minutes to give an ethylene complex Mo(NAr)(tBu4OS)(C2H4) (4) that is isolable and relatively stable toward loss of ethylene below 60 °C. An X‐ray study shows that the bond distances and angles for the ethylene ligand in 4 are like those found for bisalkoxide ethylene complexes of the same general type. Complex 1(PMe3) in the presence of one equivalent of B(C6F5)3 catalyzes the homocoupling of 1‐decene, allyltrimethylsilane, and allylboronic acid pinacol ester at ambient temperature. 1(PMe3), 2(PMe3), and 3(PMe3) all catalyze the ROMP of rac‐endo,exo‐5,6‐dicarbomethoxynorbornene (rac‐DCMNBE) in the presence of B(C6F5)3, but the polyDCMNBE that is formed has a random structure.
Microarray analysis reveals that lncRNA PWRN1‐209 promotes human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation on microtopography titanium surface in vitro
Authors: Wang Mingyue , Ge Xiyuan , Zheng Yan , Wang Chenxi , Zhang Yu , Lin Ye 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSandblasted, large‐grit, and acid‐etched (SLA) titanium (Ti) with microtopography is currently one of the most widely used implant materials to accelerate osseointegration. Numerous long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been involved in bone remodeling, with their role in osseointegration, and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, microarrays of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) were used to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs during early cell differentiation stages (0–7 days) on SLA Ti and polished Ti surfaces. The function of lncRNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs was identified by RNA silencing and overexpression assays. RT‐PCR and Western blot were used to detect RNA and protein expression. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) protein activity was tested by ALP staining. Altogether, 4112 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified from day 0 to day 7 on SLA Ti with a novel lncRNA, Prader‐willi region non‐coding RNA 1‐209 (PWRN1‐209) upregulated. We then proved that PWRN1‐209 promoted osteogenic differentiation in hBMSCs by genetic tools. The upregulation of PWRN1‐209 was further confirmed to be related to the surface topography of Ti by comparing SLA Ti and polished Ti. Interestingly, this trend seems to have a certain correlation with the mRNA expression level of integrins (α2, αV, β1, β2) and the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Taken together, the lncRNA PWRN1‐209 was upregulated by the SLA microtopography Ti surface, which may regulate osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs through integrin‐FAK‐ALP signaling. Our results provide new insights into the relationship between surface topography and osseointergration.
Neuroprotective activities of bacopa, lycopene, astaxanthin, and vitamin B12 combination on oxidative stress‐dependent neuronal death
Authors: Castelli Vanessa , Melani Francesco , Ferri Claudio , d'Angelo Michele , Catanesi Mariano , Grassi Davide , Benedetti Elisabetta , Giordano Antonio , Cimini Annamaria , Desideri Giovambattista 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOxidative stress is considered the common effector of the cascade of degenerative events in many neurological conditions. Thus, in this paper we tested different nutraceuticals in H2O2 in vitro model to understand if could represent an adjuvant treatment for neurological diseases. In this study, nutraceuticals bacopa, lycopene, astaxanthin, and vitamin B12 were used alone or in combination in human neuronal differentiated SH‐SY5Y cells upon hydrogen peroxide‐induced injury and neuroprotective, neuronal death pathways were analyzed. The nutraceuticals analyzed were able to protect H2O2 cytotoxic effects, through increasing cell viability and proteins involved in neuroprotection pathways and restoring proteins involved in cell death pathways. On this basis, it is possible to propose the use of these compounds as dietary supplement for the prevention or as adjuvant to the only symptomatic treatments so far available for neurodegenerative diseases.
Mid‐trimester fetal facial dysmorphology associated with 2p25.3 microdeletion
Authors: Sherer David M. , Hsieh Vicky , Granderson Freeda , Aroh Blessing , Dalloul Mudar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe describe unusual mid‐trimester sonography of subtle fetal facial dysmorphic features including; flattened nasofrontal angle with an almost vertically positioned nasal bone, acute nasolabial angle, and convexity of the maxillary areas in a fetus with otherwise normal anatomy. Microarray identified a 64.5 KB interstitial deletion of 2q25.3, which includes one exon of MYT1L. Mutations and deletions in MTY1L have been associated with autosomal dominant intellectual disability, autistic features, and obesity. Association of these features and 2p25.3 microdeletion has not been reported previously. This case emphasizes the importance of detailed microarray analysis following the sonographic recognition of subtle fetal dysmorphic features.
Trends and variability of precipitation extremes in the Peruvian Altiplano (1971–2013)
Authors: Huerta Adrian , Lavado‐Casimiro Waldo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPrecipitation extremes have been investigated throughout the last decades in different regions of the Andes. However, little attention has been paid to the Altiplano region (Central Andes), especially to the Peruvian Altiplano (PA) that represents a complex area and is highly vulnerable to extreme events, such as floods and droughts, driven by the strong variability of precipitation. This study focuses on the analysis of 11 extreme precipitation indices (EPIs) in the period 1971–2013. In this context, commonly used statistical trend and break analyses were applied and a false discovery procedure was used in order to reduce the number of artificial significant tests. Additionally, the relative dominance of precipitation frequency and intensity in interannual precipitation datasets was determined. Finally, the correlation between EPIs and six oceanic‐atmospheric indices were analysed. The results indicate that there is no significant global trend towards wet or dry conditions in the PA, although a signal of a more slightly decrease of precipitation is presented in the Southern PA. Additionally, interannual variability of total precipitation is mainly dominated by precipitation frequency. The Central Tropical Pacific sea surface temperature plays a major role for the maximum and average length of wet periods as well as for total precipitation. This finding is particularly relevant for the southwestern PA. Our results have important implications for risk management and adaptation planning related to extreme hydrological events in the PA.
Corrosion initiation of Hastelloy C‐2000 in an HCl‐polluted atmosphere
Authors: Lequien Florence , Moine Gervaise , Tosi Jérôme 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study, welded and non‐welded Hastelloy C‐2000 samples are tested at room temperature in HCl environments, with two experiments: one in hydrochloric acid solutions and one in HCl vapor/condensate phases. In the hydrochloric acid solutions, there is no corrosion after more than 900 hr of exposure. In the humid air polluted by HCl, corrosion occurs in the form of an intergranular attack at the metal grain boundaries. In the weld bead zone, areas rich in molybdenum and depleted of nickel seem to be less susceptible to corrosion than the zones depleted of molybdenum and rich in nickel. This study highlights that Hastelloy C‐2000, exposed to HCl vapor/condensate phases, is more penalizing than when immersed in an HCl solution, which is due to the presence of oxygen.
Algebraicity of analytic maps to a hyperbolic variety
Authors: Javanpeykar Ariyan , Kucharczyk Robert 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLet X be a complex algebraic variety. We say that X is Borel hyperbolic if, for every finite type reduced scheme S over the complex numbers, every holomorphic map from S to X is algebraic. We use a transcendental specialization technique to prove that X is Borel hyperbolic if and only if, for every smooth affine complex algebraic curve C, every holomorphic map from C to X is algebraic. We use the latter result to prove that Borel hyperbolicity shares many common features with other notions of hyperbolicity such as Kobayashi hyperbolicity.
Cranberries after pelvic floor surgery for urinary tract infection prophylaxis: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mooren Ellen S. , Liefers Willem J. , de Leeuw Jan W. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimsUrinary tract infection (UTI) is a common complication after pelvic floor surgery. Antibiotics as prophylaxis may reduce the prevalence of UTI's by 50%, but bacterial resistance may be a large disadvantage, necessitating the search for other possible prophylactic options. Recent research found a 50% reduction in the rate of UTI's with the use of cranberry capsules after elective gynecologic surgery, suggesting that cranberry capsules may serve as a good prophylaxis. The aim of this study was to assess whether perioperative cranberry prophylaxis reduces the risk of clinical overt UTI after elective pelvic floor surgery with indwelling catheter.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial. Women were given cranberry capsules twice daily or identical placebo for 6 weeks, starting the day before surgery. The main endpoint of the trial was the incidence of UTI within 6 weeks after surgery, defined as clinical diagnosis and treatment of UTI by the medical doctor. Analyses were performed with the intention to treat.ResultsTwo hundred ten participants were included, 105 in each arm. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of UTI between the cranberry arm (n = 13, 12.4%) and the placebo arm (n = 21, 20.0%; P = .13), but the prevalence in both arms was lower than anticipated.ConclusionsThis trial shows no beneficial effect of adequately dosed cranberry prophylaxis in women undergoing pelvic floor surgery, although such effect cannot be ruled out in settings with a higher prevalence of UTI's.
Re‐evaluation of birth trends and pregnancy complications among female urologists: Have we made any progress?
Authors: Scott Victoria C. S. , Lerner Lori B. , Eilber Karyn S. , Anger Jennifer T. , Ackerman A. Lenore 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimsFemales are becoming surgeons at ever‐increasing rates and doing so while many have or wish to have children. This study follows up on a 2007 effort to study the problems and conditions such women faced. We ask here if these challenges are different after a decade that included changes in working rules.MethodsA survey was sent to all female American Board of Urology diplomates. Birth trends, pregnancy complications, infertility service requirements, and satisfaction were evaluated in respondents (n = 183) and compared to the previous survey of female urologists who completed residency before August 2007 as well as Center for Disease Control data.ResultsSeventy‐six physicians completed the survey who were residents before 2007, while 107 replied who experienced residency after. The first group's average age was 50.2 and the second's 38.3. Overall, these women gave birth 6 to 7 years later than the US mean. Complications did not decrease, infertility occurred at similar levels, and both were higher than US norms. Length of maternity leave correlated with respondents' level of overall satisfaction. The most positive responses came from those with more than 8 weeks off (P = .002).ConclusionsWomen practicing in urology gave birth later, had greater fertility issues, used assisted reproductive technology (ART) more and reported a higher level of at least one complication during pregnancy than American women overall. Changes in hours and awareness of this issue have not made giving birth a healthier event for these physicians. Further investigation into factors other than work hours is needed.
Efficient grid deformation using deterministic sampling‐based data reduction
Authors: Cho Haeseong , Kim Haedong , Shin SangJoon 
Published: May 2020

SummarySpring analogies and the point‐by‐point interpolating approaches have been widely used for the grid deformation, and both require solution of a linear system of equations. Depending on the problem, the resulting system of equations may be defined by a large‐dimensional matrix. Thus, sampling for a subset of the grids is essential in order to achieve an efficient grid deformation. This article presents an efficient grid deformation algorithm developed via deterministic data sampling. From the position data of the deformed grids, proper orthogonal decomposition and discrete empirical interpolation method are employed to define the subset of the grids. Herein, symmetric rank‐one update is considered to choose the additional grids (oversampling). And it facilitates the deterministic data sampling approach and realizes the improved stability within the data reduction procedure. Such deterministic data sampling approach is applied to the moving submesh approach and radial basis function (RBF) interpolations. Specifically, for an RBF interpolation, boundaries of a deformable body are directly introduced within the data reduction procedure to improve the computational efficiency. Two‐ and three‐dimensional examples are used to evaluate the relevant computational efficiency of the proposed methods. It is found that computational time consumed by the present method is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of the existing method while maintaining the quality of the deformed grids.