bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between endothelial progenitor cells and pulmonary arterial hypertension in children with congenital heart disease
Authors: Sun Hong-Xiao , Li Guo-Ju , Du Zhan-Hui , Bing Zhen , Ji Zhi-Xian , Luo Gang , Pan Silin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) caused by congenital heart disease (CHD) is very common in clinical. Some studies have shown that PAH is related to the number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), but there is no report on the relationship between PAH and the number of EPCs in children with CHD. Methods: In this study, a total of 173 cases with CHD (from 0 to 6 years old) were collected. According to the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) measured by right heart catheterization, these cases were divided into PAH groups (including high PAH group, mPAP>25mmHg, n=32, and the middle PAH group, 20mmHg≤mPAP≤25mmHg, n=30) and non-PAH group (mPAP<20mmHg, n=111). Peripheral blood was taken for flow cytometry, and the number of EPCs(CD133+/KDR+ cells) was counted. The number of EPCs /μL of peripheral blood was calculated using the following formula: EPCs /μL =WBC /L × lymphocytes % × EPCs % × 10-6. Results: The median EPCs of the non-PAH group, middle PAH group and high PAH group is 1.86/μL, 1.30 /μL and 0.98/μL, respectively. The mPAP decreases steadily as the level of EPCs increases (P<0.05). After adjustment of gender, age and BMI, the number of EPCs was significantly associated with a decreased risk of high PAH (OR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.16-0.87, P<0.05). However, EPCs was not significantly associated with middle PAH (P>0.05). Conclusion: The findings revealed that the EPCs and high PAH in patients with CHD correlate significantly and EPCs may become an effective treatment for PAH in patients with CHD. EPCs may be a protective factor of high PAH for children with CHD
Intracavitary and Extracavitary Iliac Extended Fixation Using Porous Metal Augments for Paprosky Type 3 Acetabular Defects in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Minimum 2 Years Follow-up
Authors: Tang Hao , Zhou Yixin , Ma Zhuyi , Huang Yong , Guo Shengjie 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: We proposed a new concept of “iliac extended fixation” in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) as fixation extending superiorly 2 cm beyond the original acetabular rim with porous metal augments, which was further classified into intracavitary and extracavitary fixation. This study reports the minimum 2 years outcome of the iliac extended fixation technique in patients with Paprosky type 3 acetabular defects.
Methods: Thirty two revision THA patients were retrospectively reviewed who underwent reconstruction with the concept of iliac extended fixation from 2014 to 2016 in our hospital. Patients were assessed using the Harris Hip Score (HHS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score (WOMAC). In addition, radiographs were assessed and patient reported satisfaction was collected.
Results: At an average follow-up of 40 months (range 25 – 64 months), the postoperative HHS and WOMAC scores were significantly improved at the last follow-up (p < 0.001). The postoperative horizontal and vertical locations of the COR were significantly improved from the preoperative measurements (p < 0.05). Two (6.3 %) patients were dissatisfied with the outcome. The extracavitary iliac extended fixation group had significantly more horizontal screws fixation (4.6 ± 25.7° vs 41.9 ± 37.8°, p < 0.001) and higher rate of osteointegration in zone 1A (91.7% vs 50.0%, p = 0.023) than the intracavitary iliac extended fixation group.
Conclusions: Intracavitary and extracavitary iliac extended fixation with porous metal augments and cementless cups are effective in reconstructing severe superior acetabular bone defects, with promising short-term clinical and radiographic outcome.
Clinical and magnetic resonance analysis of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) transcranial nerve into brain-induced brainstem encephalitis
Authors: Han Jingzhe , Xie Yanan , Kang Zhilei , Zhang Huiqing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: In this study, we summarize the clinical and magnetic resonance characteristics of patients with varicella-zoster virus transcranial brain-induced brainstem encephalitis. Methods: The patient's baseline data meet the inclusion criteria were collected. All patients were admitted to the hospital for routine blood, urine, and stool, blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipids, homocysteine, liver function, renal function, electrolytes, eight items before the operation, autoantibodies, 24-hour dynamic EEG. All patients underwent a head MRI scan, and the patients underwent lumbar puncture, perfecting routine cerebrospinal fluid, biochemical and cytological examinations, and high-throughput examination of cerebrospinal fluid pathogens. Result: Seven patients were enrolled in this study. All patients were associated with skin herpes in the area of cranial nerve distribution. Herpes is complicated with V-cranial nerve in 1 case, facial nerve (6 cases), vestibular nerve (5 cases), tongue pharynx, vagus nerve (1 case). The interval of central nervous system injury after 6 cases of skin herpes were 3-20 days. Laboratory and EEG examinations showed that all patients had no abnormalities in autoantibodies and preoperative eight items; low blood routines showed elevated white blood cells in 4 cases, elevated blood glucose in 4 cases, and abnormal liver function in 2 cases. Magnetic resonance imaging showed the disease involved 2 cases of the dorsolateral medulla, 6 cases with bridge arm, 1 case with multiple lesions, and 1 case without abnormal findings. Conclusion: CZV-induced cranial nerve palsy and encephalitis can leave serious sequelae, even life-threatening, early diagnosis and early treatment are essential. For VZV infections confined to the cranial nerve, MRI is necessary even without evidence of brain stem injury, especially DWI sequences and 3D-CISS imaging can show extent of affected early cranial nerve.
Generating realistic simulated administrative health data for population-based drug safety and effectiveness research and training
Authors: Ayilara Olawale , Platt Robert W , Dahl Matthew , Coulombe Janie , Ginestet Pablo Gonzalez , Chateau Dan , Lix Lisa M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Administrative health records (AHRs), which are generated primarily for management and billing purposes, are now widely used in drug safety and comparative effectiveness studies. The development of analytic methods for multi-site studies can benefit from the availability of simulated data, which do not require ethical approvals and data access permissions. We simulated AHRs using both the Observational Medical Dataset Simulator II (OSIM2) proposed by the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership, and a modified OSIM (ModOSIM) method developed by the Canadian Network for Observational Drug Effect Studies (CNODES). Our objective was to compare the simulated data to real-world AHR data to assess the representativeness of the simulated data.Methods: The real-world data comprised prescription drug records for all individuals with healthcare coverage at any point in a 10-year period (2008 – 2017) from the Manitoba Population Research Data Repository (MPRDR) in the province of Manitoba, Canada. OSIM2 and ModOSIM, which are empirical simulation models for longitudinal patient data, were used to simulate AHRs. The data were described using frequencies and percentages. We estimated agreement of prescription drug use measures in MPRDR, OSIM2 and ModOSIM using the concordance coefficient.Results: The MPRDR cohort included 169,586,633 drug records and 1,395 drug types for 1,604,734 individuals. Data for 50,000 individuals were simulated using OSIM2 and ModOSIM. Sex and age group distributions were similar in the real-world and simulated data. There were significant differences in the total number of drug records and number of unique drugs for OSIM2 and ModOSIM when compared with MPRDR; the median number of unique drugs in MPRDR, OSIM2 and ModOSIM was 9.0, 6.0 and 10.0, respectively. For average number of days of drug use, concordance was 16% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12% – 19%) for MPRDR and OSIM2 and 88% (95% CI: 87%-90%) for MPRDR and ModOSIM.Conclusions: ModOSIM data were more similar to MPRDR than OSIM2 data on many measures of prescription drug use. Simulated AHRs that are consistent with those found in real-world settings can be generated using ModOSIM; these simulated data will benefit methodological studies and data analyst training.
Identification of a nonsense mutation in TNNI3K associated with cardiac conduction disease and dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Liu Jiang , Liu Da , Li Muzheng , Wu Keke , Liu Na , Zhao Chenyu , Shi Xiaoliu , liu qiming 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Cardiac conduction disease(CCD) and dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM) are two common cardiovascular diseases which can lead to life-threatening conditions. The importance of heredity in these two diseases has been realized in recent years. Several casual genes have been found to be implicated in CCD and DCM such as LMNA,SCN5A,TTN,TNNI3K and so on. Rare genetic mutations in TNNI3K have been identified to be in connection with CCD and DCM.Methods Next generation sequencing(NGS) was carried out in order to identify the underlying disease-causing mutation in a Chinese family with CCD and DCM. The mutations were validated by Sanger sequencing.Results A nonsense mutation in TNNI3K(NM_015978.2: g.170891C>T,c.1441C>T) was identified in this family and validated by Sanger sequencing.Conclusions This study described a Chinese family with CCD and DCM caused by a nonsense TNNI3K mutation.TNNI3K harboring the mutation(c.1441C>T) possibly implicated a loss-of-function pathogenic mechanism with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. This research enriches the phenotypic spectrum of TNNI3K mutations, casting a new light upon the genotype-phenotype correlations between TNNI3K mutations and cardiovascular diseases.
Self-medication within the context of medical pluralism in Yaounde, Cameroon
Authors: Pemunta Ngambouk Vitalis , Nzefa Léonie Dapi , Ngo Valery 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundThis paper documents the experiences of patients who use the knowledge and practices of the “African chemist’’, and the determinants of this therapeutic recourse in their ‘quest for therapy’ as ‘quest for relief’ within the context of medical pluralism in Yaounde, Cameroon. MethodThe study adopts a mixed qualitative and quantitative methodological approach comprised of 30 individual in-depth interviews and the administration of 100 questionnaires to participants.ResultThis study neither found that self-medication is wholely nor exclusively preoccupied with therapy for minor physical ailments, but also for diseases and problems with perceived supernatural undertones and for the achievement of personal success and desires. It suggests that social relations, personal experiences and perceptions of trust are central to the choice of the ‘African pharmacy’ as a therapeutic recourse. ConclusionThe popularity of this informal healthcare institution that can be categorized neither under traditional healing nor under modern medicine contradicts the focus on the latter stages of the illness referral system when a patient seeks help from a specialist. This practical case of medical pluralism articulates the need to focus on the local context, on the everyday realities of illness and therapy seeking and to prioritise experiences and social relations that are often obscured in health statistics and development policies.
Knowledge and Practice of Pesticides among the Farmer of Bhaktapur Municipality, Nepal
Authors: Humagain Nisha , Humagain Nitu , Maharjan Kishor , Sah Anil Kumar , Neupane Joshan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background and Objectives: Pesticides are the substance which is used in agriculture to prevent, destroy and control the unwanted pests, weeds and other plant disease to enhance the production, processing, storage and transport food and agriculture commodities. The use of pesticides dramatically increases agricultural production and productivity. However, there are some negative externalities from such use of pesticides, as the use of pesticides raises the negative impact also increases. So the objective of this study is to assess knowledge and practice of pesticide use among farmers of Bhaktapur municipality. Methods: A self-designed questionnaire about knowledge and practice of pesticide use was distributed to the farmers of Bhaktapur municipality. The questionnaires were collected, processed, analyzed and tabulated to find out the existing knowledge and practices of farmers about pesticides use. Results: This study comprising of 54.1% (n=106) female and 45.9 %( n=90) female in the suburb of Bhaktapur shows majority (80.1%) of the pesticides users aware of pros and cons of pesticides. Only 40.8% store in dedicated pesticide store and 69.4% of the respondents got information for using pesticides from the sales man. However, only 58.2% the respondents take into account the preventive measure of Acute Pesticides Poisoning (APP). Conclusions: Despite having adequate knowledge of pesticides use, farmers seem to be less aware regarding the hazard of pesticides. Certain efforts must be placed not only to provide additional knowledge on risks of pesticide use but also on the execution of Personal Protective Measures (PPM) which is also necessary to decrease the pesticide exposure of farm workers. Various awareness programs and easy provisions/ supply of PPE would significantly reduce the risk of pesticides. Keywords: Pesticides, Acute Pesticides Poisoning, Bhaktapur municipality.
The prevalence and predictors of high blood pressure in Kherameh cohort study: a population based study on 10663 persons in south of Iran
Authors: Jafari Fatemeh , Rezaianzadeh Abbas , Sadeghi Seyed Ebrahim , Rahimikazerooni Salar 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Hypertension (HTN) is an important risk factor for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) mortality and morbidity among Iranians. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of HTN and some of its related factors in south of Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted on the data of the Persian cohort study in Kherameh. The participants consisted of 10663 people aged 40-70 years. HTN was defined as either Systolic/Diastolic Blood Pressure (SBP/DBP) greater than or equal to 140/90 mmHg or taking medications. Pre-HTN was defined as SBP = 120-139 mmHg and/or DBP = 80-89 mmHg. The logistic regression method was used to identify the factors associated with pre-HTN and HTN.Results: The prevalence of pre-HTN and HTN was 18.8% and 27.7%, respectively. Male gender, old age, being unemployed, low education level, high Body Mass Index (BMI), no smoking, diabetes, Cerebro-cardiovascular disease, suffering from another chronic disease, family history of CVD, and negative family history of cancer and other chronic diseases were independently associated with pre-HTN (p<0.05). All variables, except for gender, smoking, and family history of cancer, were significantly associated with HTN. Drug abuse was also correlated to HTN (p<0.05).Conclusion: This study revealed the increased prevalence of HTN in rural and urban areas. Therefore, the health system needs to develop strategies to raise the accessibility of screening and diagnostic services. Keywords: Prevalence, Risk factor, Blood pressure, Pre-hypertension
Enhancing understandings of social determinants of health in China: Linkage and analysis of a national multilevel population health surveillance with routinely collected mortality records for 98 058 people in 31 provinces of mainland China
Authors: Liu Yunning , Astell-Burt Thomas , Feng Xiaoqi , Mao Fan , Liang Ruiming , Yin Peng , Wang Limin , Wang Lijun , Zhou Maigeng 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to enhance capability in research on social determinants of health in China by linking and analyzing routinely-collected death records over 5 years with national population health surveillance.Methods: Linkage of 98 058 participants in the 2010 China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance (CCDRFS) to records in the national death surveillance data from 2011 to 2015 was conducted through a matching program involving identification numbers, name, gender and residential address, followed by a structured checking process. Multilevel regressions were used to investigate five-year odds of all-cause, non-communicable disease (NCD), infectious disease and injury mortality in relation to person- and county-level factors.Results: A total of 3,365 deaths were observed in the linked mortality and population health surveillance. Cross-checks and comparisons with national mortality distributions provided assurance that the linkage was reasonable. Geographic variation in mortality was observed via age and gender adjusted median odds ratios for all-cause mortality (>1.30), infectious disease (>2.01), NCD (>1.24) and injury (>1.12). Increased odds of all-cause and all three cause-specific mortality outcomes were higher with age and among men. Low educational attainment was a predictor of all-cause, NCD and injury mortality. Longer mean years of education at the county-level was only associated with lower injury mortality. Divorcees had a higher odd of all-cause and NCD mortality than singletons. Rurality was a predictor of all-cause and NCD mortality.Conclusion: The results of this study provide utility for future investigations of social determinants of health and mortality using linked data in China.
Objectively-measured sedentary time and physical activity in a bi-ethnic sample of young children: variation by socio-demographic, temporal and perinatal factors
Authors: Collings Paul , Dogra Sufyan A , Costa Silvia , Bingham Daniel D , Barber Sally E. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Evidence suggests that South Asian school-aged children and adults are less active compared to the white British population. It is unknown if this generalises to young children. We aimed to describe variability in levels of physical activity and sedentary time in a bi-ethnic sample of young children from a deprived location.Methods: This observational study included 202 South Asian and 140 white British children aged 1.5 to 5y, who provided 3,181 valid days of triaxial accelerometry. Variability in sedentary time and physical activity levels were analysed by linear multilevel modelling. Logistic multilevel regression was used to identify factors associated with physical inactivity (failing to perform ≥180 minutes of total physical activity including ≥60 minutes moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day).Results: There were no significant ethnic differences in the overall levels of behaviours; South Asian and white British children spent half of their daily time sedentary, just over 40% in light physical activity, and the remaining 7.5 to 8% of time in MVPA. Sedentary time was lower and physical activity levels were higher in older children, and levels of MVPA and vector magnitude counts per minute (CPM) were higher at weekends compared to weekdays. In South Asian children, sedentary time was lower at weekends. Sedentary time was lower and physical activity levels were higher in spring compared to winter in white British children, and in all seasons compared to winter in South Asian children. South Asian children born at high birth weight performed more MVPA, and in both ethnicities there was some evidence that children with older mothers were more sedentary and less active. Sedentary time was higher and light physical activity was lower in South Asian children in the highest compared to the lowest income families. South Asian girls performed less MVPA, registered fewer vector magnitude CPM, and were 3.5 times more likely to be physically inactive than South Asian boys.Conclusions: Sedentary time and physical activity levels vary by socio-demographic, temporal and perinatal characteristics in young children from a deprived location. South Asian girls have the most to gain from efforts to increase physical activity levels.
Comparison of rapid cassette test and micro ELISA method for Helicobacter pylori diagnosis in patients with gastric complaints
Authors: Akgun Sadik , Barutcu Sezgin , Capuk Sumeyya , Tanriverdi Arzu , Emikoglu Serihan Kübra , Kucukkaya Yunus 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a significant contributor of various gastrointestinal disorders and cancers all around the world. Its diagnosis is dependent on several qualitative and quantitative methods. The present study aims to compare the results of rapid cassette and micro ELISA test methods for diagnosis of H. pylori and determining associations with patient endoscopy reports. Methods: The study was performed using blood samples collected from 224 patients (142 (63%) females and 82 (37%) males) in various clinics between January 2018 and August 2019, which were sent to the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of Training Hospital. Serum samples obtained after centrifugation of the blood samples were initially tested with rapid H. pylori IgG cassette method, and afterwards in the auto analyzer using ELISA assays specific for H. pylori. Results: Upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy was performed in 88 of these patients, and biopsy results confirmed definitive diagnosis of H. pylori infection in 63 of the patients. Rapid H. pylori cassette test results of the 224 patients were negative for 158 (70.5%) patients and positive for 66 (29.5%) patients, whereas micro ELISA IgA test results were negative for 110 (49.1%) patients and positive for 114 (50.9%) patients. Micro ELISA IgG test results were negative for 85 (37.9%) patients and positive for 139 (62.1%) patients. Conclusions: Invasive diagnostic methods for H. pylori infection may sometimes be inconvenient, and therefore the diagnosis may have to rely on non-invasive tests. Bases on the study results, we believe micro ELISA test results are more reliable with regard to avoidance of missed diagnosis. Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, Rapid casette test, ELISA, Gastric ulcer
Preliminary results of a screening programme for Chlamydia in an asymptomatic young population
Authors: Yuguero Oriol , Fernández-Armenteros Jose Manuel , Vilela Álvaro , Aramburu Jesus , Lain Raquel , Godoy Pere 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction Chlamydia trachomatis infection has increased in recent years, reaching 127 million cases in 2016. Possible complications, especially among women, require intervention for early detection. The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia infection in a young, sexually active, asymptomatic population.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among young patients aged 18 to 25 years attending the emergency room for any reason. The presence of Chlamydia trachomatis and other STIs in urine was determined.Results Twenty-two patients enrolled in the screening (7.4%) were diagnosed with Chlamydia. A further nine patients among the partners of those affected were detected. Young people with two or more sexual partners in the last month and those suffering from infection by ureaplasma were at greater risk of infection by Chlamydia. Up to 50% of participants do not use barrier methodsConclusion The prevalence of infection by Chlamydia in the asymptomatic young population is higher than expected. The scarce use of barrier methods among this population may be one of the causes of this increase and one of the targets to work on in order to reduce the prevalence of the infection.