bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RISK OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION IN PATIENTS WITH PERIODONTITIS
Authors: Sun Kuo-Ting , Hsia Ning-Yi , Chen Shih-Chueh , Lin Cheng-Li , Chen I-An , Wu I-Ting , Palanisamy Kalaiselvi , Shen Te-Chun , Li Chi-Yuan 
Published: December 2019

Purpose:Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that results in loss of connective tissue and bone support. Evidence shows a possible relationship between periodontitis and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Methods:This population-based cohort study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan, with a 13-year follow-up, to investigate the risk of AMD in patients with periodontitis. The periodontitis cohort included patients with newly diagnosed periodontitis between 2000 and 2012. The nonperiodontitis cohort was frequency-matched with the periodontitis cohort by age and sex, with a sample size of 41,661 in each cohort.Results:Patients with periodontitis had an increased risk of developing AMD compared with individuals without periodontitis (5.95 vs. 3.41 per 1,000 person-years, adjusted hazard ratio = 1.58 [95% confidence interval, 1.46–1.70]). The risk of developing AMD remained significant after stratification by age (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.48 [1.34–1.64] for age <65 years and 1.76 [1.57–1.97] for age ≥65 years), sex (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.40 [1.26–1.55] for women and 1.82 [1.63–2.04] for men), and presence of comorbidity (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.52 [1.40–1.66] for with comorbidity and 1.92 [1.63–2.26] for without comorbidity). In addition, patients with periodontitis showed an increased incidence for both nonexudative type AMD (5.43 vs. 3.13 per 1,000 person-years) and exudative type AMD (0.52 vs. 0.28 per 1,000 person-years).Conclusion:People with periodontitis could be at a greater risk of developing AMD than those without periodontitis. However, we need more evidence to support this association.
Predictors of elderly mortality after trauma: A novel outcome score
Authors: Morris Rachel S. , Milia David , Glover James , Napolitano Lena M. , Chen Benjamin , Lindemann Elizabeth , Hemmila Mark R. , Stein Deborah , Kummerfeld Erich , Chipman Jeffrey , Tignanelli Christopher J. 
Published: December 2019

INTRODUCTIONElderly trauma patients are at high risk for mortality, even when presenting with minor injuries. Previous prognostic models are poorly used because of their reliance on elements unavailable during the index hospitalization. The purpose of this study was to develop a predictive algorithm to accurately estimate in-hospital mortality using easily available metrics.METHODSThe National Trauma Databank was used to identify patients 65 years and older. Data were split into derivation (2007–2013) and validation (2014–2015) data sets. There was no overlap between data sets. Factors included age, comorbidities, physiologic parameters, and injury types. A two-tiered scoring system to predict in-hospital mortality was developed: a quick elderly mortality after trauma (qEMAT) score for use at initial patient presentation and a full EMAT (fEMAT) score for use after radiologic evaluation. The final model (stepwise forward selection,p< 0.05) was chosen based on calibration and discrimination analysis. Calibration (Brier score) and discrimination (area under the receiving operating characteristic curve [AuROC]) were evaluated. Because National Trauma Databank did not include blood product transfusion, an element of the Geriatric Trauma Outcome Score (GTOS), a regional trauma registry was used to compare qEMAT versus GTOS. A mobile-based application is currently available for cost-free utilization.RESULTSA total of 840,294 patients were included in the derivation data set and 427,358 patients in the validation data set. The fEMAT score (median, 91; S.D., 82–102) included 26 factors, and the qEMAT score included eight factors. The AuROC was 0.86 for fEMAT (Brier, 0.04) and 0.84 for qEMAT. The fEMAT outperformed other trauma mortality prediction models (e.g., Trauma and Injury Severity Score—Penetrating and Trauma and Injury Severity Score—Blunt, age + Injury Severity Score). The qEMAT outperformed the GTOS (AuROC, 0.87 vs. 0.83).CONCLUSIONThe qEMAT and fEMAT accurately estimate the probability of in-hospital mortality and can be easily calculated on admission. This information could aid in deciding transfer to tertiary referral center, patient/family counseling, and palliative care utilization.LEVEL OF EVIDENCEEpidemiological Study, level IV.
Does a Useful Test Exist to Properly Evaluate the Pathogenicity of Donor-specific Antibodies? Lessons From a Comprehensive Analysis in a Well-studied Single-center Kidney Transplant Cohort
Authors: Gautier Vargas Gabriela , Olagne Jérome , Parissiadis Anne , Joly Mélanie , Cognard Noelle , Perrin Peggy , Froelich Nadine , Guntz Philippe , Gachet Christian , Moulin Bruno , Caillard Sophie 
Published: December 2019

Background.
Donor-specific antibodies (DSA) play a major role in antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) and graft dysfunction. However, the clinical relevance of complement-binding anti-HLA antibodies remains unclear.

Methods.
Here, we analyzed DSA detected in the serum (sDSA) using single antigen bead, C1q, and C3d assays combined with the study of intragraft DSA (gDSA) in 86 patients who had DSA and underwent a kidney biopsy for cause (n = 58) or without evidence of kidney dysfunction (n = 28). DSA characteristics were collected and related to the presence of AMR, graft histological features, and allograft survival.

Results.
Forty-five patients (52%) had C1q+ DSA, and 42 (51%) had C3d+ DSA. Allograft biopsies revealed AMR in 63 cases (73%), regardless of kidney function. gDSA were identified in 74% of biopsies. We observed a strong correlation among single antigen bead mean fluorescence intensity and complement assays positivity, presence of gDSA, and AMR occurrence.

Conclusions.
Complement-binding DSA per se were not significantly associated with allograft survival in the entire study sample. Finally, gDSA predicted subsequent graft loss in patients who showed a stable renal function at the day of biopsy. Our data suggest that DSA mean fluorescence intensity and presence of gDSA might provide prognostic information during posttransplant monitoring.
Why worker-supported collective bargaining may still fail
Authors: Luo Siqi , Yang Tao 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate that some enterprise unions in South China, as strategic labor actors, made local progress in collective bargaining, but further elaborates on why gainful bargaining would require a more systematic understanding of the prevailing industrial structure.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is mainly drawn from intensive site visits and 51 in-depth interviews in 2013 and 2014, and several follow-ups up to 2018. Three cases of collective bargaining, featuring different union strategies of assertive negotiation, informal cooperation and direct confrontation, are discussed in detail.

Findings
The study illustrates that viable collective bargaining with worker-supported unions is possible in China. However, the effectiveness of bargaining does not count on this alone; the supply chain structure also imposes significant constraints, mainly by narrowing the bargaining scope of each supplier and differentiating the structural power of their unions. In these cases, institutionalized union coordination beyond individual suppliers is proposed.

Research limitations/implications
These cases began as post-strike bargaining in Japanese auto supply chains and became the frontier of industrial relations in China. The impact of the supply chain in different sectors or regions requires further study.

Originality/value
This paper draws attention to the effect of an “invisible” but increasingly significant factor, industrial structure, on enterprise-level collective bargaining in China, unlike many previous criticisms of unwillingness or incompetence among labor actors.
Supporting teachers who witness student bullying
Authors: Ghosh Rajashi , Callahan Jamie , Hammrich Penny 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how peer coaching in action learning meetings stimulates teachers to experience transformational learning through critically reflecting on the perceptions that shape their beliefs about student bullying.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used interpretative phenomenological analysis to understand how participating teachers were using peer coaching in the action learning meetings to make sense of their subjective experiences with student bullying.FindingsThe authors report three themes (power, categories/labels and diversity/differences) explaining the perceptions that guided participants’ understanding of student bullying, and for each theme, describe how peer coaching enabled the participants to re-shape their interpretation of experiences with student bullying.Research limitations/implicationsThis study showed how peer coaching has the potential to empower teachers to devise meaningful action plans to address bullying. Future research using longitudinal quantitative research design could shed more light on the sustainability of those action plans.Practical implicationsKnowledge of teacher perceptions identified in the study can enrich anti-bullying interventions in schools. Furthermore, building a peer coaching action learning community can provide a form of systemic support to help teachers gain resilience in acting against student bullying in schools.Originality/valueThe study reveals the potential of peer coaching as a transformational learning tool to support teachers when dealing with student bullying.
How peers’ updates on social media influence job search
Authors: Sender Anna , Korzynski Pawel 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the ways in which social media content via social contagion may affect the job behaviors of employed individuals. Specifically, by integrating the unfolding model of voluntary turnover and social comparison theory, this paper explores whether receiving an update about a peer’s career advancement on professional social networking sites (SNSs) increases an individual’s propensity to engage in job search.Design/methodology/approachIn this analysis, the authors matched individuals’ survey data (n=125) with information received from a recruiting agency on employees’ subsequent job search behavior (i.e., sending a resume to the agency).FindingsThe results indicate that the relationship between career advancement updates on SNSs and job search behavior was stronger for employees with higher perceived employability and, contrary to our hypothesis, for those more embedded within the organization.Practical implicationsMore employable and more embedded individuals perceive social cues from social media, and these cues positively relate to their job search behaviors. To address this trend, organizations could develop a social media strategy and implement retention measures to prevent the job search (and thus potential turnover) of employable and embedded individuals.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the job search literature by examining the role of professional SNSs in driving job search behavior among employed individuals.
Tell me who you are and I will tell you which SNS you use: SNSs participation
Authors: Gazit Tali , Aharony Noa , Amichai-Hamburger Yair 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
Social networking sites (SNSs) have become an essential part of our lives. The purpose of this paper is to explore how demographic variables, SNS importance, social and informational usage, and personality traits (extroversion/introversion, openness, neuroticism, internal and external locus of control) can explain participation frequency of the four biggest SNSs in Israel: Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram and Twitter.

Design/methodology/approach
The research was conducted in Israel during the Fall semester of the 2017–2018 academic year and encompassed 244 students. Researchers used six questionnaires to gather data: a demographic questionnaire, a participation frequency questionnaire on four different SNSs, four SNSs importance questionnaire, social and informational usage on four different SNSs questionnaire, personality questionnaire (extroversion, openness and neuroticism) and the locus of control questionnaire.

Findings
The findings revealed that different social network sites play distinct roles for various individuals. WhatsApp, the most frequently used platform, is used more by women and people with internal locus of control. Facebook is more frequently used by open people and Instagram is more frequently used by women, younger adults and neurotic people. Twitter is more frequently used by men. In addition, for all SNSs, the higher the social and informational usage is, the more important the SNSs are to the users, which significantly explains participation frequency.

Originality/value
The differences between social networks can be evidence that each social network serves a different group and does not compete with other SNSs. This may well explain why many people make use of several social networks and have a tendency to move from one to another.
Evaluation of institutional repositories of South Asia
Authors: Gul Sumeer , Bashir Shazia , Ganaie Shabir Ahmad 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the status of institutional repositories (IRs) in the South Asian region. The various characteristic features of IRs are studied.

Design/methodology/approach
Open directory of open access repositories (DOAR) as a data-gathering tool was consulted for extracting the desired data.

Findings
India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh lead other South Asian nations in terms of IRs count. Majority of the IRs are operational in nature with higher number of operational IRs from India. In terms of record count, India leads the list. “Journal articles” outscore other content type and majority of the IRs have OAI-PMH as their base URL. DSpace stays a prioritized software for content management in IRs. Majority of the IRs have not defined their content management policies. English stays a prioritized language of the content dotting the South Asian IRs and majority of the IRs not providing usage statistics. A good score of IRs has incorporated Web 2.0 tools in them with RSS as the preferred Web 2.0 tool. A good count of the IRs has not customized their interface. Majority of the IRs have interface in two languages.

Research limitations/implications
The main limitation of the study is that the findings of the research are based on the data collected through the repositories indexed by Open DOAR.

Originality/value
The study tries to explore the characteristic features of IRs from the South Asian region.
Application of 3D printed polymer composite as capacitive sensor
Authors: Thangavel Sathies , Ponnusamy Senthil 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the usage of three-dimensionally (3D) printed polylactic acid (PLA)-carbon black (CB) conductive polymer composite in the measurement of the void fraction and liquid level.

Design/methodology/approach
PLA-CB conductive polymer composite is 3D printed through fused deposition modelling (FDM) technique and used as a capacitive sensor for void fraction measurement and liquid level sensing. The sensitivity of 3D printed ring and concave type capacitive sensors are compared for void fraction measurement. The effect of electrode length, thickness and pipe dimension on the capacitance achievable for the particular void fraction is studied. Concept of fringing capacitance is used for the sensing of liquid level.

Findings
Compared to the concave design comprising four electrodes, the ring-type capacitive sensor produced better results in void fraction measurement. Increase in pipe diameter and electrode length results in the enhancement of capacitance arising from specific void fraction. For a 100 mm diameter pipe, the capacitance of the 150 mm-long concave electrode (0.4 mm thick) increased from 9.98 to 67.77 pF as the void fraction decreased from 100% to 0%. Development of the fringing capacitance in 3D printed PLA-CB composite helps in the measurement of liquid level. Both parallel finger topology and interdigital electrode configuration are able to sense the liquid level.

Originality/value
Ability of the 3D printed conductive PLA-CB composite to act as a capacitive sensor is experimentally analysed. Performance of different electrode configuration is tested for both void fraction measurement and liquid level sensing. Results of experimentation prove that FDM printed PLA-CB composite is suitable for the void fraction and liquid level measurement.
The Racial Vernaculars of Development: A View from West Africa
Authors: Pierre Jemima 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThis article argues that the vernacular of development, as deployed in and about African communities, is a racial vernacular. It is a racial vernacular of development because it is deployed within, in this case, the resource extraction industry (as well as within the broader development enterprise) in ways that sustain racial thought, index particular racial meanings, and prescribe social practices. How do we understand the processes through which racial codes are embedded and naturalized in practices ranging from the management and bureaucracy of resource extractions to the power structure of the world system that places African sovereignty below Western nongovernmental organizations and corporations? The development complex incorporates the unequal material relationships and processes that structure engagement between the Global South and the Global North, and its racial vernacular is the primary discursive scaffolding for these relationships. [development, race, resource extraction, Ghana]
The Making of Richard Zuley: The Ignored Linkages between the US Criminal In/Justice System and the International Security State
Authors: Ralph Laurence 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThis article examines the life and career of Richard Zuley, a Chicago police detective turned military interrogator who tortured criminal suspects in both the United States and Guantánamo Bay. Among the police officers and military personnel who have commented publicly on Zuley's career, there exists a consensus that his actions have undermined the integrity of the US criminal justice system and the international security state. The problem is that while acknowledging that Zuley's actions were unconscionable, they also implicitly characterize torturers like Zuley as exceptional. This poses the question: How do we understand the figure of Richard Zuley in a way that does not see the torture he enacted as an anomaly? The literature on white supremacy gives us a way forward. Building on this work, I argue that the ideology of white supremacy is a major component of the schema of racism that informs state‐sanctioned violence. By now, the schema of racism is so ingrained that it is subconsciously enacted in rationales for fighting terrorism and cannot be simply “unthought.” The irony is because schemas of racism cannot be unthought, they are naturalized and go unexamined in prevailing scholarship on governance and security. [policing, race, security, terrorism]
The Jungle Academy: Molding White Supremacy in American Police Recruits
Authors: Beliso‐De Jesús Aisha M. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThis article examines how white supremacy is embedded and also made invisible in the molding, crafting, and training of police‐recruit bodies. I use the termmoldingto describe the process of manufactured sculpting through the manipulable material of police recruits. Through ethnography of a composite police academy made up of academies from several US cities, this article demonstrates how white supremacy is ordered, maintained, infused, and embodied. I argue that thejungle academyproduces a form of active reshaping of everyday young citizens into police through the recruit process: a physical, emotional, and mental re‐forming. This work is situated in scholarship on embodiment, race, and the state, and demonstrates how to methodologically examine the corporeal and ontological aspects of racialized state violence. It also demonstrates how an anthropology of white supremacy provides insight into how white governance is intimately tied to the embodiment of the state through the institution of the police. [white supremacy, police, race, gender, United States]
Bleb grading by photographs versus bleb grading by slit‐lamp examination
Authors: Hoffmann Esther M. , Herzog Daniel , Wasielica‐Poslednik Joanna , Butsch Christina , Schuster Alexander K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeUsing a bleb‐grading system clinically facilitates long‐term follow‐up of patients with previous glaucoma surgery. Clinical evaluation of these patients can be challenging for untrained ophthalmologists. Morphological bleb configuration might influence planning of follow‐up visits in glaucoma patients due to different and individual prognosis after trabeculectomy. In this study, we compared the MaBAGS (Mainz Bleb Appearance Grading System), a classification system for filtering blebs with other classification systems (MBGS/Moorfields Bleb Grading System, IBAGS/Indiana Bleb Appearance Grading Scale) in reference to usability and reliability and compare it to grading by bleb photographs.MethodsForty‐two eyes of 31 patients after trabeculectomy were included. Three observers, two senior and one junior observer, graded all blebs using MaBAGS, MBGS and IBAGS during slit‐lamp examination. Bleb photographs were reviewed at least 4 weeks after clinical examination. Statistical analysis was performed to determine agreement between the observers using intraclass correlation coefficients.ResultsWith MaBAGS, excellent and good levels of agreement were found for vascularity indices, Seidel test and transparency. Parameters for area and height yielded moderate agreement, while indices for conjunctival mobility and microcysts failed to show satisfying levels of agreement. Using MBGS resulted in excellent and good interobserver consistency for parameters regarding subconjunctival blood, Seidel test, and central and peripheral vascularity. Height and nonbleb vascularity reached moderate levels of agreement. Agreement for area parameters was low. With IBAGS, good levels of agreement were found for height and vascularity, and moderate for extent. In all grading systems, consistency was considerably better between the two experienced observers compared to the inexperienced grader.ConclusionsMaBAGS shows good reproducibility. Using such a grading system improves precision of the description of a highly variable clinical finding. The reliability of grading by slit‐lamp examination exceeds that of grading on photographs.