bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cooperative Syngas Production and C−N Bond Formation in One Photoredox Cycle
Authors: Han Chuang , Li Yue‐Hua , Li Jing‐Yu , Qi Ming‐Yu , Tang Zi‐Rong , Xu Yi‐Jun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSolar‐driven syngas production by CO2 reduction provides a sustainable strategy to produce renewable feedstocks. However, this promising reaction often suffers from tough CO2 activation, sluggish oxidative half‐reaction kinetics and undesired by‐products. Herein, we report a function‐oriented strategy of deliberately constructing black phosphorus quantum dots‐ZnIn2S4 (BP/ZIS) heterostructures for solar‐driven CO2 reduction to syngas, paired with selectively oxidative C−N bond formation, in one redox cycle. The optimal BP/ZIS heterostructure features the enhanced charge‐carrier separation and enriched active sites for cooperatively photocatalytic syngas production with a tunable ratio of CO/H2 and efficient oxidation of amines to imines with high conversion and selectivity. This prominent catalytic performance arises from the efficient electronic coupling between black phosphorus quantum dots and ZnIn2S4, as well as the optimized adsorption strength for key reaction intermediates, as supported by both experimental and theoretical investigations. We also demonstrate a synergistic interplay between CO2 reduction and amine dehydrogenation oxidation, rather than simply collecting these two single half‐reactions in this dual‐functional photoredox system.
Unveiling Intrinsic Potassium Storage Behaviors of Hierarchical Nano Bi@N‐Doped Carbon Nanocages Framework via In Situ Characterizations
Authors: Sun Zehang , Liu Yang , Ye Weibin , Zhang Jinyang , Wang Yuyan , Lin Yue , Hou Linrui , Wang Ming‐Sheng , Yuan Changzhou 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMetallic bismuth has drawn attention as a promising alloying anode for advanced potassium ion batteries (PIBs). However, serious volume expansion/electrode pulverization and sluggish kinetics always lead to its inferior cycling and rate properties for practical applications. Therefore, advanced Bi‐based anodes via structural/compositional optimization and sur‐/interface design are needed. Herein, we develop a bottom‐up avenue to fabricate nanoscale Bi encapsulated in a 3D N‐doped carbon nanocages (Bi@N‐CNCs) framework with a void space by using a novel Bi‐based metal‐organic framework as the precursor. With elaborate regulation in annealing temperatures, the optimized Bi@N‐CNCs electrode exhibits large reversible capacities and long‐duration cyclic stability at high rates when evaluated as competitive anodes for PIBs. Insights into the intrinsic K+‐storage processes of the Bi@N‐CNCs anode are put forward from comprehensive in situ characterizations.
Metal‐Free Electrochemical Synthesis of Sulfonamides Directly from (Hetero)arenes, SO2, and Amines
Authors: Blum Stephan P. , Karakaya Tarik , Schollmeyer Dieter , Klapars Artis , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSulfonamides are among the most important chemical motifs in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. However, there is no methodology to directly introduce the sulfonamide group to a non‐prefunctionalized aromatic compound. Herein, we present the first dehydrogenative electrochemical sulfonamide synthesis protocol by exploiting the inherent reactivity of (hetero)arenes in a highly convergent reaction with SO2 and amines via amidosulfinate intermediate. The amidosulfinate serves a dual role as reactant and supporting electrolyte. Direct anodic oxidation of the aromatic compound triggers the reaction, followed by nucleophilic attack of the amidosulfinate. Boron‐doped diamond (BDD) electrodes and a HFIP–MeCN solvent mixture enable selective formation of the sulfonamides. In total, 36 examples are demonstrated with yields up to 85 %.
Effect of the elastomer viscosity on the morphology and impact behavior of injection molded foams based on blends of polypropylene and polyolefin elastomers
Authors: Muñoz‐Pascual Santiago , Saiz‐Arroyo Cristina , Vananroye Anja , Moldenaers Paula , Rodriguez‐Perez Miguel Angel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe impact resistance of injection‐molded polypropylene (PP) parts is severely reduced when they are foamed. It is necessary to implement strategies, such as elastomer toughening, to increase the impact behavior of foamed parts. However, the knowledge on the effect of elastomer addition on the morphology, cellular structure, and impact of injection‐molded cellular parts is very limited. In this work, foamed parts based on blends of PP and polyolefin elastomers have been produced and characterized. A high and a low viscosity octene‐ethylene copolymer (EOC) and a high viscosity butene‐ethylene copolymer (EBC) were employed. The blends have been thermally and rheological characterized. Solids materials and foams (relative density 0.76) were injection‐molded. The solid phase and cellular structure morphologies were studied using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that elastomer toughening has been successful to obtain an improvement of the impact behavior in solid and cellular polymers. In this case, EOC materials provide an appropriate interfacial adhesion and optimized cellular structure which results in high impact resistance. The optimum elastomer to improve the properties is the EOC with a higher viscosity which provides impact resistance with n values below 3 due to the toughening of polymer matrix, thick skin thickness, and low cell size.
Rare earth ions‐enhanced gold nanoclusters as fluorescent sensor array for the detection and discrimination of phosphate anions
Authors: Miao Wenjing , Wang Lei , Liu Qin , Guo Shuai , Zhao Lingzhi , Peng Juanjuan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe discrimination and detection of phosphate anions have attracted extensive attention due to their important roles in various biological processes. Compared with sensors to detect one individual phosphate at a time, sensor arrays are able to discriminate multiple phosphates simultaneously. In this study, we developed a rare earth ions enhanced AuNCs‐based sensor array to achieve facile and rapid identification of phosphate anions (PPi, ADP and ATP). The rare earth ions (i. e., Ce3+, Gd3+, Tm3+ and Yb3+) can significantly enhance the fluorescence of AuNCs through aggregation‐induced emission effect. And the subsequent addition of phosphate anions can recover the fluorescence of the AuNCs‐rare earth ions assembly. Thanks to the different numbers of phosphate group and different steric hindrance effects of phosphate anions, the recovery fluorescence of AuNCs‐rare earth ions assembly induced by PPi, ADP or ATP are respectively distinct. Thus the sensor array composed of AuNCs and different rare earth ions is able to distinguish those phosphate anions. Finally, the sensor array was successfully demonstrated to identify the phosphates in blind samples.
A case of aggressive systemic mastocytosis with bulky lymphadenopathy showing response to midostaurin
Authors: Sciumè Mariarita , Serpenti Fabio , Muratori Simona , Pravettoni Valerio , Ulivieri Fabio Massimo , Croci Giorgio Alberto , Migliorini Anna Chiara , Esposito Andrea , Goldaniga Maria Cecilia , Saporiti Giorgia Natascia , Galassi Giulia , Baldini Luca , Onida Francesco , Grifoni Federica Irene 
Published: December 2020

AbstractManagement of systemic mastocytosis is an emerging challenge which requires a multidisciplinary diagnostic approach and personalized treatment strategy. Midostaurin can rapidly reduce the disease burden, also in cladribine refractory cases.
π‐Extended Carbazole Derivatives as Host Materials for Highly Efficient and Long‐Life Green Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Arai Ayato , Sasabe Hisahiro , Nakao Kohei , Masuda Yuki , Kido Junji 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHigh‐performance organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) that use phosphorescent and/or thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters are capable of realizing 100 % electron‐to‐photon conversion. The host materials in these OLEDs play crucial roles in determining OLED performance. Carbazole derivatives are frequently used as host materials, among which 3,3‐bis(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)biphenyl (mCBP) is often used for lifetime testing in scientific studies. In this study, the π conjugation of the carbazole unit was expanded to enhance OLED lifetime by designing and developing two benzothienocarbazole (BTCz)‐based host materials, namely m1BTCBP and m4BTCBP. Among these host materials, m1BTCBP formed a highly efficient [Ir(ppy)3]‐based OLED with an operational luminescence half‐life (LT50) of over 300 h at an initial luminance of approximately 12000 cd m−2 (current density: 25 mA cm−2). The LT50 value at 1000 cd cm−2 was estimated to be about 23 000 h. This performance is clearly higher than that of mCBP‐based OLEDs (LT50≈8500 h).
Synthesis, Structure and Photophysical Properties of a New Class of Inherently Chiral Boron(III) Chelates—The tert‐Leucine Complexes
Authors: Algoazy Nawaf , Knight Julian G. , Waddell Paul G. , Aerts Roy , Herrebout Wouter , Al‐Sharif Hatun H. T. , Karlsson Joshua K. G. , Harriman Anthony 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA new family of boron(III) chelates is introduced whereby molecular chirality, confirmed by circular dichroism, is imported during synthesis such that isolation of the diastereoisomers does not require separation procedures. The photophysical properties of two members of the family have been examined: the N,O,O‐salicylaldehyde‐based derivative shows pronounced intramolecular charge‐transfer character in fluid solution and is weakly fluorescent, with a large Stokes shift. The corresponding 2‐methylamino‐benzaldehyde‐derived N,N,O‐chelate absorbs and fluoresces in the visible region with a much smaller Stokes shift. Orange fluorescence is also observed for this compound as a cast film. Temperature‐dependence studies show that decay of the fluorescent state is weakly activated but emission is less than quantitative at 77 K. Quite rare for boron(III)‐based chelates, this derivative undergoes intersystem crossing to form a meta‐stable triplet‐excited state. X‐ray crystal structures are reported for both compounds, along with simulated ECD spectra.
A deep learning‐based indoor‐positioning approach using received strength signal indication and carrying mode information
Authors: Lin Szu‐Yin , Leu Fang‐Yie , Ko Chia‐Yin , Shih Ming‐Chien 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIndoor smartphone positioning is one of the key information and cummunication technology techniques enabling new opportunities for indoor navigation and mobile location‐based services to enrich our everyday lives. Generally, the development of an indoor positioning system heavily relies on wireless sensor network. Since wireless sensors can estimate the probable distance between radio source and the sensors themselves by evaluating the strengths of wireless signals received from radio sources, such as received strength signal indications of Wi‐Fi and Bluetooth. However, the radio signals could be influenced by indoor and outdoor objects, such as walls and furniture, and carrying mode of a user's smartphone, like in‐pocket or in‐backpack. But, according to the best of our knowledge, up to present, people do not know how carrying mode information (CMI) influences the positioning accuracy of a positioning system. Therefore, in this study, we propose an indoor positioning scheme, named LEarning‐based Indoor Positioning System (LEIPS), which identifies the carrying mode of a user's smartphone by using this smartphone's inertial sensors and deep learning algorithms, aiming to increase indoor positioning accuracy. Our experimental results demonstrate that this system reaches 96% of positioning accuracy. CMI is also validated, showing that it is able to improve indoor prediction accuracy.
Phase‐Transfer Catalytic Strategy: Rapid Synthesis of Spiro‐Fused Heterocycles, Integrated with Four Pharmacophores‐Succinimide, Pyrrolidine, Oxindole, and Trifluoromethyl Group
Authors: Chen Zheng‐Jun , Liang Wei , Chen Zhuo , Chen Lin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn efficient and practical 1,3‐dipolar [3+2] cycloaddition of N‐2,2,2‐trifluoroethylisatin ketimines and maleimides has been achieved through phase‐transfer catalytic process by using the cheap quaternary ammonium salt as a catalyst. The strategy grants rapid generation of various complex trifluoromethyl spiro‐fused[succinimide‐pyrrolidine‐oxindole]s in good yields and with excellent diastereoselectivities. The preparative‐scale reaction in conjunction with the optimized Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling derivatizations of the product give prominence to application prospect of this methodology. The investigation on the reaction mechanism implies that the real catalyst in the cycloaddition might be tetrahexylammonium carbonate.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed [3+2] Annulations of β‐Halocycloenals with Isatins and Mechanism Study
Authors: Wang Gang , Wu Jiang , Cheng Hang , Zhong Cheng , He Zhao‐Lin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn NHC‐catalyzed [3+2] annulations of β‐halocycloenals with isatins upon a dual‐activation mode was developed for the synthesis of tetracyclic 3‐spirooxindoles. DFT calculations were performed for the mechanism study of this transformation.
Sustainable biocarbon materials derived from Lessonia Trabeculata macroalgae biomass residue for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Sankaranarayanan Sivashunmugam , Hariram Muruganandham , Vivekanandhan Singaravelu , Navia Rodrigo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractValue addition of waste (or) residual biomass gain more interest because it comes under the category of “waste to wealth” and creates new pathway to biorefinery processes. Owing to high carbon contents, residual biomasses are considered as a potential raw material for the preparation of biocarbon materials which are eco‐friendly and can be the alternate for traditional carbon materials. This study reports the preparation of pristine and activated biocarbon materials using Lessonia Trabeculata macroalgal residual biomass as carbon source by thermochemical process. The physiochemical properties of the synthesized biocarbon materials were investigated through powder X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, Raman, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller surface area analyses. The activated biocarbon resulted higher specific surface area (769 m2/g) than pristine biocarbon (60 m2/g). Both pristine and activated biocarbon were used to fabricate electrodes for symmetric supercapacitor and the assembled capacitive cells showed the specific capacitance of 45.2 and 81.6 F g−1, respectively, at 1 A g−1 specific current using 1 M potassium hydroxide electrolyte. Also, the fabricated biocarbon materials showed excellent capacitance retention (96%) during 500 cycles. The results indicate that the activated carbon prepared from residual macroalgal biomass have more promising application scope in the field of supercapacitors.
I‐FBECS: Improved fuzzy based energy efficient clustering using biogeography based optimization in wireless sensor network
Authors: Dwivedi Anshu Kumar , Sharma Awadesh K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCluster formation and optimal cluster head selection are two optimization problems in wireless sensor network (WSN) for prolonged lifetime. To address the above mentioned issue, biogeography based selection of cluster heads along with efficient cluster formation is propound in this article which improves the performance of fuzzy based enhanced clustering scheme (FBECS). A novel fitness function is formulated by making use of remnant energy, distance to base station (BS), and density around node for optimal cluster head selection using biogeography based optimization (BBO). A rank based mechanism is developed for non‐cluster head nodes for selecting their cluster head. Routing technique for region based forwarding is designed to improve the lifetime expectancy. The proposed I‐FBECS is compared with two state of the art protocols namely LEACH and FBECS. Simulation results reveal an improved stability period by 33.8% and 38.9% over FBECS and LEACH, respectively. The proposed I‐FBECS exhibits better load balancing and improvement in terms of more alive nodes per round, more packets forwarded to the BS, improved average remnant energy, and extended lifetime. The proposed I‐FBECS is suitable for applications where the BS is located at a distant place.
Have decreases in young workers’ risky drinking resulted in an increase in illicit drug use?
Authors: Roche Ann , Kostadinov Victoria , Chapman Janine , McEntee Alice 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIssues addressedRecent reductions in young people's risky alcohol use have been widely documented but have not been examined among employed youth. Young workers’ risky drinking may have corresponded with increased illicit drug use. This study investigated these issues.MethodsSecondary analyses were conducted for 15‐24 year old Australian workers using nationally representative data from 2007 to 2016. Frequency analyses examined alcohol and illicit drug use, Z scores assessed differences over time, and logistic regression examined predictors of illicit drug use.ResultsRisky drinking decreased significantly over time whilst low‐risk drinking increased. This pattern was observed for both young workers and young employed illicit drug users. Whilst “any” illicit drug use did not change over time, methamphetamine use decreased, and cannabis and hallucinogen use increased. Drinking alcohol at risky levels (monthly) was associated with illicit drug use in 2016, as were being single and having high/very high levels of psychological distress.ConclusionsRisky drinking reductions over time have not corresponded with increased illicit drug use. Nonetheless, as risky drinking remains high among young workers, and is strongly associated with illicit drug use, it warrants concerted health promotion efforts that may also help minimise illicit drug use.So what?Despite a reduction in young workers’ risky alcohol consumption, risky drinking is still high and may impact the health and safety of workers and the wider community. As risky drinking is strongly associated with illicit drug use, workplaces could potentially play a vital role in combating alcohol and illicit drug misuse.
Mesoporous silica thin films incorporated chitosan mixed matrix nanofiltration membranes for textile wastewater treatment
Authors: Lai Yung‐Sheng , Yang Jingling , Mou Chung‐Yuan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe demand of nanofiltration (NF) membranes for practical and cost‐effective environmental treatment is exploding. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) have attracted tremendous interest on account of combining the benefits of polymer and inorganic fillers. In this study, mesoporous silica thin films with perpendicular nanochannels (SBA‐15(⊥)) incorporated in chitosan (CS) were fabricated for dye wastewater purification. Functional groups, such as amino or epoxy groups were introduced into SBA‐15(⊥) (SBA‐15(⊥)‐NH2, SBA‐15(⊥)‐Epo) for forming covalent bonds with chitosan matrix to improve their compatibility. The excellent performance in dye/salt fractionation in aqueous solution was demonstrated by SBA‐15(⊥)‐Epo/CS MMMs, which realized a cut off of 585 g/mol, 99.9% rejection of Congo red, while maintaining 85% permeation of NaCl. In addition, the separation mechanism of the resulting membrane was explored. The efficient NF performance of SBA‐15(⊥)‐Epo/CS membrane was attributed to its better compatibility between SBA‐15(⊥)‐Epo and chitosan matrix by virtue of the formation of covalent bonds thus to ensure the high dye rejection, and the vertically oriented nanochannels arrangement facilitated the molecule transportation. This work will inspire feasible synthesis of a new generation of MMMs membranes for dye wastewater purification.
OCT4 regulated neointimal formation in injured mouse arteries by matrix metalloproteinase 2‐mediated smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration
Authors: Ding Xueyan , Yan Yan , Zhang Chengke , Xu Xudong , Yang Fan , Liu Yang , Wang Guokun , Qin Yongwen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play vital roles in neointimal hyperplasia and vascular restenosis. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the function and mechanism of octamer‐binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4, a key transcription factor for maintaining stem cells in de‐differentiated state) on neointima formation in response to vascular injury. Quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot results displayed a significant increase of OCT4 levels in injured carotid arteries. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays confirmed that the increased OCT4 expression was primarily localized in α‐SMA‐positive VSMCs from neointima, and colocalized with PCNA in the nuclei of VSMCs. Adenovirus‐mediated OCT4 overexpression in injured carotid arteries exacerbated intimal thickening, while OCT4 knockdown significantly inhibited intimal thickening. In‐vitro experiments confirmed that the increased OCT4 expression in VMSCs could be induced by platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB (PDGF‐BB) in a time‐dependent manner. Overexpression of OCT4 greatly promoted VSMCs proliferation and migration, while OCT4 knockdown significantly retarded the PDGF‐BB‐induced excessive proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Bioinformatics analysis, dual‐luciferase reporter assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay confirmed that OCT4 could upregulate matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP2) expression through promoting its transcription. Moreover, knockdown of MMP2 significantly attenuated OCT4‐mediated VSMCs proliferation and migration. These results indicated that OCT4 facilitated neointimal formation in response to vascular injury by MMP2‐mediated VSMCs proliferation and migration, and targeting OCT4 in VSMCs might be a novel therapeutic strategy for vascular restenosis.