bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and screening of polyherbal capsules (capsule-l pyrex) for antipyretic activity
Authors: Satheesh Kumar D  , Ravichandran S  , Bhavani J  , Chandrasekaran A R  , Saraladevi V  , Irfana Asma S  
Published: August 2020

Pyrexia is a most common symptom and sign of any inflammation and infectious response in the body. Inflammation causes the rise in inflammation and pain mediators int eh body which causes the elevation in the body temperature which is called as Fever or pyrexia. Herbs have been used in the many medical systems by considering the potential medical benefits and potential to treat many diseases. There had been a phase where in all the Indian medical systems used only herbal medicines before the advent of the synthetic drugs in late 1700’s. the herbs had been used as sources to treat many diseases including fevers. These herbs are being the sources of many lead molecules and potent chemical constituents. Inspite of the evolution of the synthetic drugs, the herbal medicines have been used as drugs of choice for CHF and more diseases. Poly herbal capsules were prepared using the extracts of Leucas Clarki which was investigated for the antipyretic activity and powder of Piper longum fruits. Already the extract has a significant antipyretic activity which was further enhanced by the addition of piper into the capsules. Overall, the activity in terms of rectal temperature lowering was significant and also the duration of action was enhanced. There was a quicker onset of action the extract due to the addition of the piper fruit powder which was desirable.
An Investigation on Zinc Biosorption with Agar Extraction Waste from Gracilaria tenuistipitata
Authors: Carisma Nikko Angelo S. , Gonzales Reniza Yvonne E. , Lazaro-Llanos Nancy 
Published: August 2020

This study determined the biosorption capacity of algal waste, obtained through agar extraction from Gracilaria tenuistipitata, a common red seaweed in the Philippines and potential biosorbent, on Zn2+ ions. Agar was extracted from the seaweed and characterized through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The algal waste was then subjected to a biosorption study involving various Zn2+ standards. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and FT-IR were employed to evaluate sorption processes. Biosorption data was analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms which yielded values of 0.9680, 0.8103, and 0.5254, respectively. The Langmuir ( ), Freundlich ( ), and D-R ( ) constants garnered were 0.0231 L/mg, 0.9829 mg/g, and 2.159 10-6 mol2 J-2 respectively, qualifying the adsorption of Zn2+ ions onto the algal waste as a favorable and physical process. FT-IR spectra analysis suggests that carboxylic acid and amide groups are involved in biosorption, possibly an ion-exchange process taking place for the uptake of Zn2+ ions. It was concluded that G. tenuistipitata waste is a promising biosorbent for Zn2+ ions. Performing the biosorption procedure in triplicates and the inclusion of kinetic studies are recommended to improve and ensure the accuracy in determining biosorption capacity and optimization in future studies.
OS MUNICÍPIOS NO FEDERALISMO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Duarte Brito de Carvalho Verbena 
Published: August 2020

Os recentes debates no Parlamento sobre as reformas estruturais, entre elas a do Pacto Federativo, trouxeram à tona um dos problemas do Estado brasileiro: o federalismo. A União, com a PEC 188/2019, pretende que cada município reassuma o respectivo controle orçamentário, com a correlata responsabilidade, o que não tem acontecido com o modelo hoje em vigor, em razão da excessiva atomização municipal. O presente texto, utilizando o método dialético, com enfoque nos municípios, a partir da doutrina, dados oficiais e a legislação sobre o tema no Brasil, analisa e pretende trazer à lume alguns dos problemas do federalismo no país.
Celulasas presentes en el tracto digestivo del camarón Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Segovia Salcedo Claudia , Narváez Trujillo Alexandra , Espinoza Fuentes Fernando 
Published: August 2020

Las celulasas han sido clasificadas como endoglucanasas responsables de degradar celulosa, lo que le proporciona gran importancia en los procesos de la cadena alimentaria. Las celulasas y enzimas relacionadas son utilizadas ampliamente en varios procesos industriales. La celulosa es utilizada como una fuente nutricional por varios organismos, inicialmente se pensaba que únicamente microorganismos podrían degradarla, pero en la actualidad se ha encontrado celulasas en varios grupos de animales. En este trabajo, presentamos la detección de celulasas en extractos obtenidos del camarón Litopenaeus vannamei. En los ensayos se utilizaron individuos adultos y de los diferentes subestadios de L. vannamei colectados en los estanques de cría de las camaroneras de la Península de Santa Elena y Muisne, en las provincias de Santa Elena y Esmeraldas, respectivamente. Los hepatopáncreas, los estadios larvarios y los intestinos fueron homogeneizados en un homogeneizador Braun-Melsungen. Para la identificación de la celulasa, se utilizó como sustrato carboximetil celulosa (CMC) de mediana viscosidad. Para medir su actividad se añadió ácido 3,5 dinitrosalicílico (DNS). La actividad de la celulasa se determinó en base en la cantidad de los grupos reductores liberados. Para intentar determinar el origen sea endógeno o microbiano de las celulasas identificadas, se sometieron las muestras de adultos a antibióticos.
En el subestadio zoea 3, se identificó una celulasa con un rango de pH óptimo entre pH 6.5 y pH 9.5. En las muestras de hepatopáncreas del camarón adulto se determinaron dos pH óptimos: uno en el rango ácido (pH 4-6) y otro en el rango básico (pH 10-11) lo cual sugiere la presencia de dos celulasas diferentes. En el intestino se observó actividad únicamente en el pH ácido (pH 4-6). La actividad celulolítica detectada en el desarrollo ontogénetico del camarón fue baja e inestable, una condición reportada también en el análisis comparativo de enzimas digestivas en otras cuatro especies de crustáceos. La actividad relativa de las dos enzimas del hepatopáncreas es similar y cada una de estas tienen una actividad cuatro veces mayor a la encontrada en el intestino. Estos resultados indican la presencia de dos celulasas presentes en el hepatopáncreas y se sugiere que una de ellas (con pH óptimo ácido) podría ser transportada desde el hepatopáncreas al intestino, aunque los datos no son concluyentes. En el caso de la celulasa con actividad a pH básico (10.5) puede tratarse de una celulasa producida de manera endógena por el camarón. Los datos reportados en este estudio sobre las capacidades de producción enzimática del camarón puede ser la base para futuros proyectos de investigación cuyo objetivo sea optimizar los procedimientos de cultivo del camarón.
Rhodnius pallescens microsatellite markers for population genetic analysis in Rhodnius ecuadoriensis: preliminary assessment
Authors: Grijalva Mario J. 
Published: August 2020

Rhodnius ecuadoriensis Lent & León (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) es el prinicipal vector de la enfermedad de Chagas en Ecuador, donde la estructura genética de sus poblaciones es poco conocida. Nosotros probamos seis Repeticiones Cortas en Tamdem (RCT) de R. pallescens Barber en poblaciones selváticas y domésticas de R. ecuadoriensis. Dos microsatelites fueron monomórficos, dos dieron resultados ambiguos y dos fueron polimórficos (16 y 19 alelos) y fueron utilizados para análisis. Los resultados de las frecuencias alélicas, AMOVA y los pruebas Bayesianas para genética favorecen la teorí­a de la existencia de una sola población. Estos resultados preliminares sugieren que las poblaciones selváticas y domésticas d R. ecuadoriensis intercambian frecuentemente migrantes. Por consiguiente el control de la Enfermedad de Chagas requiere vigilancia entomológica continua en la costa del Ecuador.
Penanggulangan Kesehatan Dalam Kondisi Pasca Bencana Dusun Ujung Indah, Desa Cilellang, Kecamatan Mallusettasi, Kabupaten Barru
Authors: Nur Amran , Dampung Veronica Margareth 
Published: August 2020

Abstract: Indonesia has been declared as one of the most disaster-prone countries according to the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction. Indonesia ranks 6th among countries prone to disasters. Indonesia is prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and others as well as non-natural disasters such as floods, infectious diseases, forest fires, and others, as well as social disasters in the form of social conflicts in various regions. One of the concepts of disaster management is disaster risk management, At this stage, efforts should be made if a catastrophic event occurs, damage and losses with a large enough scale of impact can be avoided and minimized by mitigating education to the community. Because the location of this village is on the seashore and has a watershed that could threaten the safety of the population, therefore a health prevention socialization will be carried out if at any time an unwanted natural disaster occurs. Keywords: natural disasters, Barru Districts, disaster risk, countermeasures.
Kerentanan Sosial pada Wilayah Potensi Bencana Tsunami di Pesisir Kecamatan Rajabasa Kabupaten Lampung Selatan
Authors: Ratu Nabillah  , Iwan Setiawan  , Bagja Waluya  
Published: August 2020

Wilayah pesisir Kecamatan Rajabasa Kabupaten Lampung Selatan memiliki potensi bencana tsunami karena berbatasan langsung dengan Selat Sunda Utara yang terdapat Gunung Anak Krakatau. Wilayah ini memerlukan adanya pembangunan sumberdaya manusia dalam upaya pengentasan kerentanan terhadap bencana. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai tingkat kerentanan sosial, faktor-faktor yang dapat memperbesar dan memperkecil peluang kerentanan sosial, dan upaya mengatasi kerentanan sosial. Tujuan penelitian ini 1) mengidentifikasi tingkat kerentanan sosial, 2) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang dapat memperbesar dan memperkecil peluang kerentanan sosial, 3) menganalisis upaya pengentasan kerentanan sosial. Analisis penskoran digunakan untuk pemetaan tingkat kerentanan sosial dan analisis persentase digunakan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang dapat memperbesar dan memperkecil peluang terjadinya kerentanan sosial. Hasil penelitian yaitu tingkat kerentanan sosial dengan rentang nilai 53,37-168,86. Desa Tanjung Gading merupakan desa dengan kerentanan sosial tertinggi dan Desa Sukaraja merupakan desa dengan kerentanan sosial terendah. Faktor-faktor yang dapat memperbesar peluang kerentanan sosial diantaranya pendapatan kepala keluarga yang masih tergolong rendah, tidak memiliki pekerjaan sampingan, belum adanya integrasi pengentasan kerentanan bencana dengan posyandu balita dan Kelas Lansia, tidak adanya data detail mengenai penduduk disabilitas, sedikitnya jumlah wanita yang bekerja, dan belum terlibat aktifnya para wanita dalam forum kebencanaan. Upaya pengentasan kerentanan sosial yang telah dilakukan masih secara umum, dan belum menyentuh seluruh golongan masyarakat rentan.
Reassessing Groundwater Potentials and Subsurface water Hydrochemistry in a Tropical Anambra Basin, Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Wali Saadu Umar , Dankani Ibrahim Mustapha , Abubakar Sheikh Danjuma , Gada Murtala Abubakar , Umar Kabiru Jega , Usman Abdulqadir Abubakar , Shera Ibrahim Mohammad 
Published: August 2020

This review presented a detailed re-assessment of the hydrogeology and hydrochemistry of the Tropical Anambra Basin. It identified and discussed the major geological formations and their groundwater potentials. The geological examination showed that the Ajali Formation is confined in places forming an artesian condition; the potentials of this aquifer decline in the western basin due to a decrease in thickness. The sandstone associates of the Nsukka Formation are aquiferous and have produced high-pressure artesian boreholes along the Oji River. The Imo Shale is characterized by permeability stability all over much of the intermediate unit. The Bende-Ameki aquifer has a lesser amount of groundwater when equated to other formations; the geologic characteristics do not produce favorable hydrogeological conditions for groundwater occurrence. The stratigraphical and structural framework suggested the presence of an efficient throughflow in the basin. Based on physical and chemical parameters of water quality, the basin holds water of acceptable quality. While there are considerable investigations on the hydrogeology and hydrochemistry, studies are short of analysis of the hydrogeochemical evolution of groundwater, water quality index, heavy metals pollution index as well as total hazard quotient. Suitability of groundwater based on agricultural water quality indices (e.g. SAR) is also salient. Therefore, future studies should address these owing to increasing dependence on groundwater.
Analisis Survival pada Penderita Gagal Ginjal Kronik dengan Komorbiditas Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Muhani Nova , Sari Nurhalina 
Published: August 2020

Penyakit Ginjal Kronis (PGK) merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat global dengan prevalensi dan insiden gagal ginjal yang terus meningkat, PGK merupakan penyebab kematian secara global, penyebab PGK terbesar adalah komorbiditas dengan diabetes melitus. Kematian tertinggi terjadi pada 6-12 bulan pertama menjalani hemodilaisa yaitu sebesar 33%. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui umur, jenis kelamin, kadar hemoglobin, dan lama ketahanan hidup pasien PGK yang disertai diabetes melitus. Desain penelitian kohort prospektif, sampel sebesar 159 responden. Penelitian menggunakan data dari laporan harian unit hemodialisis Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Abdul Moeloek (RSUDAM) Lampung yaitu pasien baru yang menjalani hemodialisis kemudian dilakukan observasi selama 12 bulan. Analisis yang digunakan analisis survival dengan cox regression, hasil penelitian menunjukan rata-rata lama ketahanan hidup 5 bulan, terjadi kematian (Event) sebesar 47,8%, pasien PGK dengan komorbiditas Diabetes Melitus 27,7%. Responden hemodialisa berdasarkan jenis kelamin laki-laki (51%) dan perempuan (49%) umur kurang dari 60 tahun 64,4%, kadar hemoglobin kurang dari 7mg% (Anemia berat) 28,4%. Hasil uji statistik diperoleh jenis kelamin p=0,602, umur p=0,582, Anemia p=0,567, dan riwayat diabetes melitus (nilai p=0,001, dengan α=0,05, (Risk Ratio=2,3) kelompok tidak diabetes melitus memiliki ketahanan hidup 2,3 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok diabetes melitus. Pasien PGK dengan penyakit penyerta diabetes sebaiknya lebih menjaga kesehatan dengan diet protein dan mengontrol kadar gula darah.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Mahkota Dewa pada Gambaran Histopatologi Paru Tikus Putih yang Dipapar Asap Rokok
Authors: SRI DAMAR NGURAH BAGUS RADITYA , HADI JANTO POERNOMO , EDIJONO EDIJONO , SOEMARNO TROEF 
Published: August 2020

<p><strong>Background</strong>: Smoking is a bad habit for health. There are many dangerous components inside a cigarette. The smoke that comes out from the cigarette contains many harmful components. Smoking and getting exposed to cigarette smoke in a long period of time can cause inflammatory response on respiratory tract. Mahkota dewa leaf contains beneficial biological component, such as <em>flavonoid</em>, <em>alkaloid</em>, and<em>saponin </em>that have anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and many others.</p><p><strong>Aim :</strong>The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of administration of mahkota dewa leaf (<em>Phaleria macrocarpa</em>) extract onlung histopathology in white male Wistar rats (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>) exposed to cigarette smoke.</p><p><strong>Methods : </strong>This research is a true laboratory experimental research using <em>Post-Test Only Control Group Design</em>. The subject in this research were 30 male Wistar Rats (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>) which were divided into 4 groups, a group without given any treatment (K-), a group where they only getting exposed to cigarette smoke (K+), a group where they exposed to cigarette smoke and given mahkota dewa leaf extract at 1500 mg/kgBW/day dose (Eg1), and the group exposed to cigarette smoke and a mahkota dewa leaf extract at a 2500 mg/kgBW/day dose (Eg2).</p><p><strong>Result : </strong>1.) There was a significant difference on lung histopathology between K- and K+, Eg1, and Eg2. 2.) There was no significant difference on lung histopathology between K+, Eg1 and Eg2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion : </strong>Exposure to 5 cigarette smoke in 21 days caused lung histopathology changes. However, there was no effect of the administration of mahkota dewa leaves extract at 1500 mg/kgBW/day and 2500 mg/kgBW/day on lung histopathology of white male Wistar rats exposed to 5 cigarette smoke in 21 days.</p><p><strong>Keyword : </strong><em>Phaleria macrocarpa leaf, </em>Flavonoid, Alkaloid, cigarette smoke, inflammatory response, Infiltration of Inflammatory cells.</p>
Deskripsi Pencegahan Ikterus Neonatorum Patologis Ditinjau dari Pemahaman Proses Metabolisme Bilirubin Di RSU Muhamadiyah Gresik
Authors: PRASETYO DENNY , PRASETYO OKKY , ERNY ERNY 
Published: August 2020

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong></strong></p><p class="15">Neonatal jaundice is a condition characterized by yellow staining of the skin and eye sclera and is commonly found in babies, especially in preterm infant. Neonatal jaundice must be wary of because the pathological type can aggravate and cause ikterus ensefalopati with permanent severe disability. Method : Descriptive research during April to June 2019 at Muhammadiyah Hospital Gresik with a population of all infants with neonatal jaundice by recording all risk faktors for neonatal jaundice. Results : for 3 months, 19 cases of pathological neonatal jaundice were found in 722 deliveries (2.6%) with 52.7% of cases having risk faktors based on an understanding of the process of bilirubin metabolisme. Conclusion : risk faktors for neonatal ikterus can be reviewed and arranged based on an understanding of the process of bilirubin metabolisme and it is strongly recommended to look for every pregnant woman to detect the possibility of pathological neonatal ikterus, prevent with good education and arrange comprehensive management to prevent ikterus ensefalopati</p><p class="15"> </p><p class="15">Keywords : pathologic neonatal jaundice, General Hospital Muhammadiyah Gresik, bilirubin metabolisme</p>
Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Sirsak Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Pankreas Rattus Norvegicus Jantan yang Diinduksi Aloksan
Authors: PRATAMA RIFKY YOGA , PRANITASARI NITA , PURWANINGSARI DIAH 
Published: August 2020

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p> Diabetes melitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by an increase in blood glucose levels caused by disruption of the pancreas in producing insulin. Alloxan is a substrate that can trigger the condition of hyperglycemia which can cause diabetes because of its toxic nature to pancreatic beta cells. Damage to pancreatic beta cells is caused by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) which causes necrosis in the pancreatic beta cells. Soursop leaf extract (Annona muricata L.) has antioxidants such as flavonoids and tannins which can inhibit ROS increase.</p><p> The aim of this study to find out about the effect of soursop leaf (Annona muricata Linn) extract in repaired to pancreatic tissue damage of male wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by alloxan. This study used 24 male Wistar rats, divided into 3 groups : K(-) group that no treatment, K(+) group that induced by alloxan dose 150mg/kgBW and K(p) group that induced by alloxan dose 150mg/kgBW and given soursop leaf extract dose 150mg/kgBW. The result of this study showed that there was significant difference (p = 0.001) of pancreatic tissue damage measured by histopathologic score between group of no treatment rats compared to the group of rats induced by alloxan. There was a significant difference of pancreatic tissue damage measured by histopatology score group of rats induced by alloxan compared to group of rats induced by alloxan and given soursop leaf extract So it can be concluded that the administration of alloxan significantly increases the pancreatic tissue damage and the administration of soursop leaf extract can improve pancreatic tissue damage measured by histopathology score because soursop leaf extract contains flavonoids and tannins which function as antioxidants.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords </strong>: Diabetes Melitus, Alloxan, Annona muricata Linn, Pancreatic Histopathology.</p>
Pengaruh Pemberian Edukasi Terhadap Pengetahuan Complementery Alternative Medicine (CAM) Pada Penderita HIV di Jambi
Authors: MAWADDAH NADIATUL , PERMATASARI JELLY , MEIRISTA INDRI 
Published: August 2020

<h1>ABSTRACT</h1><h1> </h1><p><strong>Background </strong>: HIV / AIDS is a public health problem that needs serious attention from the government. Besides to conventional medicine people with HIV / AIDS often use complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) in order to increase the qualityhealth. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) uses natural ingredients, not only restricted to herbal plants, but also includes the use of other natural vitamins and minerals. Compared to conventional treatments, CAM therapy is more save to use because it does not cause serious side effects. The purpose of this study was to know what are the effects of providing CAM education to ODHA at the Jambi Kanti Sehati Sejati Foundation.</p><p><strong>Method</strong>:This research was a quasi-experimental one type pretest-posttest type of research and is a type of quantitative descriptive study with prospective data collection. There were 35 ODHA who were respondents in this study and registered as members of the Jambi Kanti Sehati Sejati Foundation.</p><p><strong>R</strong><strong>esults</strong>: on demographic characteristics and CAM knowledge were obtained from questionnaires that given before and after giving the education, and proved by paired T test so that significance values ≤ 0.05 were obtained.</p><p><strong>Conclution </strong>:there is the influence of education on CAM knowledge in HIV suffererof.<strong></strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>Keywords:Alternative and Complementary Medicine, CAM, HIV / AIDS.<strong></strong></p>
Monitoring dust storm using Normalized difference dust index (NDDI) and brightness temperature variation in Simi arid areas over Iraq
Authors: Ghazal Nawal k. 
Published: August 2020

Dust storms are a natural phenomenon occurring in most areas of Iraq. In recent years, the study of this phenomenon has become important because of the danger caused by increasing desertification at the expense of the green cover as well as its impact on human health. In this study is important to devote the remote sensing of dust storms and its detection.Through this research, the dust storms can be detected in semi-arid areas, which are difficult to distinguish between these storms and desert areas. For the distinction between the dust storm pixels in the image with those that do not contain dust storm can be applied the Normalized Difference Dust Index (NDDI) and Brightness Temperature variation (BTV). MODIS sensors that carried by theTerra and Equa satellite images have been used in different bands and different resolution and the cases studied in 1/9/2015,16/6/2016/20/2/2016.
Удосконалення математичного апарату визначення рівня воєнної загрози
Authors: Балик І.В. 
Published: August 2020

У статті викладено результати теоретичних досліджень щодо удосконалення математичного апарату для вирішення завдання визначення рівня воєнної загрози національній безпеці України. Запропоновано застосовувати метод “k-найближчих сусідів”, який належить до метричних алгоритмів для автоматичної класифікації об'єктів. Особливість запропонованого математичного апарату полягає в тому, що він дає змогу: враховувати динаміку зміни рівня загрози застосування воєнної сили; забезпечити меншу похибку результатів оцінювання експертами рівня загрози застосування воєнної сили.