bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-pressure silica phase transitions: Implications for deep mantle dynamics and silica crystallization in the protocore
Authors: Das Pratik Kr. , Mohn Chris E. , Brodholt John P. , Trønnes Reidar G. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe subsolidus phase diagram of silica in the 80–220 GPa pressure range was determined by density functional theory (DFT). The transition pressures calculated using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) in the static limit (at 0 K, without zero point vibrational energy) for the β-stishovite (CaCl2-structure) to seifertite and the seifertite to pyrite-type transitions are 95 and 213 GPa, respectively. These are in good agreement with those calculated using hybrid functionals, giving transition pressures of 96 and 215 GPa. This indicates that previous local density approximation (LDA) results underestimate the transition pressure by 10–15 GPa. Density functional perturbation theory calculations, carried out using GGA within the quasi-harmonic approximations, give Clapeyron slopes of 5.4 and −2.8 MPa/K for the β-stishovite to seifertite and seifertite to pyrite-type transitions, respectively. This suggests that the seifertite-forming transition occurs at 109 GPa (470 km above the core-mantle boundary, CMB) at an ambient mantle geotherm, whereas the pyrite-type transition occurs at 200 GPa (620 km below the CMB) at 4700 K, which is close to the core adiabat. We also calculate the equation of state and show that the stability of seifertite in the lowermost mantle contributes negative buoyancy to recycled oceanic crust, although not as much as in some previous studies. Nevertheless, the increased density of seifertite over β-stishovite may lead to layers with elevated proportions of basaltic material within the large low S-wave velocity provinces. The seifertite to pyrite-type silica transition in the outer core will affect the silica liquidus surface in the system Fe-Si-O and forms a basis for further investigations of silica crystallization in the protocore.
Physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of processed drinking water in central Nepal: current state study
Authors: Burlakoti Niru , Upadhyaya Jitendra , Ghimire Nandani , Bajgai Tirtha Raj , Chhetri Anup Basnet , Rawal Deepa Shree , Koirala Niranjan , Pant Bhoj Raj 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This study was undertaken to analyse processed bottled water for drinking water quality. Altogether 50 water samples of different brands were randomly collected from public places in Kathmandu valley. The samples were analysed for physical (turbidity, pH and electrical conductivity), chemical (iron, manganese, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, ammonia, fluoride, chloride, sulphate, copper, total hardness, calcium, mercury and aluminum) and microbiological (fecal coliform and total coliform) parameters. The results revealed that &gt;300 CFU/100 mL of Escherichia coli (E. coli) (fecal coliform) and total coliform (TC) bacteria were counted in 76 and 92% samples, respectively. The bacterial population was beyond the limit of the Department of Food Technology and Quality Control (DFTQC) (0 CFU/100 mL of water). Chemical parameters analysed for fluoride (0.5–1.5 mg/L) and ammonia (1.5 mg/L) exceeded the DFTQC values. The range of fluoride estimated was 0.001–2.37 mg/L and the maximum concentration of ammonia was 4.66 mg/L. Most of the processed water crossed the threshold standard of E. coli and TC bacteria and may pose a risk if used for drinking purposes. Therefore, to minimize the public health risk of contaminated water, scientific methods and standards of purification should be followed during the process, production, storage, and delivery of processed water.
Evaluation of Diuretic and Antioxidant Properties in Aqueous Bark and Fruit Extracts of Pine
Authors: Shariati Hadi , Hassanpour Mohammad , Sharifzadeh Gholamreza , Zarban Asghar , Samarghandian Saeed , Saeedi Farhad 
Published: February 2020

Objective:The present study has been carried out to evaluate the diuretic and antioxidant properties of pine herb in an animal model.Materials and Methods:45 adult male rats were randomly divided into nine groups including: groups I (the negative control), groups II (positive control, furosemide 10 mg/kg), groups III to VIII (treatment groups received 100, 200, 400 mg/kg of the aqueous extracts of bark and fruit) and group IX received the combination of aqueous extract of bark (100 mg/kg) and the fruit (100 mg/kg). The urine output, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), electrolytes, urea, and creatinine levels were evaluated. Furthermore, the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of both extracts were also assessed using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Folin–Ciocalteu methods.Results:The aqueous extracts of the pine bark and fruit increased the urinary output in a dosedependent manner. The combination of the two extracts compared to the other extracts alone significantly increased the serum potassium level. This study also showed each extract increase creatinine clearance in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01 and p<0.05). The increase of GFR in the combination group was not significant. The current data showed a significant increase in the total phenolic content in pine bark extract in compared with the fruit extract.Conclusion:The pine bark and fruit can be useful in the prevention and treatment of kidney stones due to the high diuretic properties and antioxidant activity.
Reducing Anxiety of Pregnant Women with a History of Pregnancy Loss-A Randomize Clinical Trial
Authors: Zaraj Hoda , Vakilian Katayon , Rezveh Fatemeh Mehrabi 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Spontaneous abortion is the most common complication of pregnancy
which is considered an unfavorable experience both physically and psychologically.

Objective:
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of group counseling through cognitive
behavioral therapy (CBT) on the anxiety of pregnant women with a history of spontaneous abortion.

Methods:
This study was randomized clinical trial type, in which convenient sampling was performed
to select 64 subjects from healthcare centers in Arak province. After receiving written consent
from the participants, the sampling was performed and the subjects were categorized randomly
into two 32-subject groups as intervention and control. The intervention was performed as six 60-
min sessions through cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Control group, however, only routine
cares of pregnancy were provided. For data collection, The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
was utilized at the beginning and end of the study. Then, the collected information was analyzed
by SPSS 21 through paired t-test, independent t-test.

Results:
The mean anxiety after the intervention in the intervention and control groups was
65.13±8.11 and 75.91±5.56, respectively, whereby a significant difference was observed between
the two groups (p≤0.05).

Conclusion:
It seems that women with a previous history of abortion require psychological support
during pregnancy. It is recommended that the skills of midwives also be improved to psychologically
support these women.
Therapeutic Potential of Biochanin-A Against Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Rats
Authors: Govindasami Sangeethadevi , Uddandrao Veera Venkata Sathibabu , Raveendran Nivedha , Sasikumar Vadivukkarasi 
Published: February 2020

Background:This study determined the effect of Biochanin A (BCA) on isoproterenol (ISO) induced Myocardial Infarction (MI) in male Wistar rats.Methods:Animals (weighing 150-180 g) were divided into four groups, with six animals in each group and pretreated with BCA (10mg/kg Body Weight [BW]) and ɑ-tocopherol (60mg/kg BW) for 30 days; and ISO (20mg/kg BW) was administrated subcutaneously on the 31st and 32nd day.Results:ISO-induced MI rats demonstrated the significant elevation of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase-MB and cardiac troponin; however, concomitant pretreatment with BCA protected the rats from cardiotoxicity caused by ISO. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione reductase significantly reduced in the heart with ISO-induced MI. Pretreatment with BCA produced a marked reversal of these antioxidant enzymes related to MI-induced by ISO.Conclusion:In conclusion, this study suggested that BCA exerts cardioprotective effects through modulating lipid peroxidation, enhancing antioxidants, and detoxifying enzyme systems.
Can Triggering Receptors Expressed on Myeloid Cells be used for Diagnosis of Salmonella Typhi Infection?
Authors: Zaki Maysaa E.S. , Abed Sally , Elegezy Mohamed , Diasty Muhammed , Elkhouly Nashwa Yousef Ebrahim , Fahmy Ehab M. , Kamel Nesreen M. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
There is a need for rapid and accurate diagnostic biomarker for diagnosis of
Salmonella fever.

Aims:
The aim of the present study was to assess the importance of procalcitonin (PCT), Soluble Triggering
Receptors expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 (sTREM1) and C- reactive protein (CRP) in the diagnosis
of enteric fever with positive blood culture for S.typhi.

Methods:
Blood samples were withdrawn from 200 patients with suspected enteric fever and subjected
for the determination of CRP, PCT and sTREM-1.

Results:
The sensitivity and specificity for PCT cut off were 97.7% & 82.5%, for CRP the sensitivity
and specificity were 95.3% and 77% and for s-TREM-1 the sensitivity and specificity were 95.3% &
77%.

Conclusion:
S-TREM-1 may be considered as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of enteric fever
with good sensitivity and specificity.
Functionally Tailored Electro-Sensitive Poly(Acrylamide)-g-Pectin Copolymer Hydrogel for Transdermal Drug Delivery Application: Synthesis, Characterization, In-vitro and Ex-vivo Evaluation
Authors: Patil Sudha B. , Inamdar Syed Z. , Reddy Kakarla R. , Raghu Anjanapura V. , Akamanchi Krishnamachari G. , Inamadar Arun C. , Das Kusal K. , Kulkarni Raghavendra V. 
Published: February 2020

Background and Objectives:
To develop electro-sensitive transdermal drug delivery systems (ETDDS) using
polyacrylamide-grafted-pectin (PAAm-g-PCT) copolymer hydrogel for rivastigmine delivery.

Methods:
Free radical polymerization and alkaline hydrolysis technique was employed to synthesize
PAAm-g-PCT copolymer hydrogel. The PAAm-g-PCT copolymeric hydrogel was used as a reservoir
and cross-linked blend films of PCT and poly(vinyl alcohol) as rate-controlling membranes (RCMs) to
prepare ETDDS.

Results:
The pH of the hydrogel reservoir was found to be in the range of 6.81 to 6.93 and drug content
was 89.05 to 96.29%. The thickness of RCMs was in the range of 51 to 99 μ and RCMs showed permeability
behavior against water vapors. There was a reduction in the water vapor transmission rate as
the glutaraldehyde (GA) concentration was increased. The drug permeation rate from the ETDDS was
enhanced under the influence of electric stimulus against the absence of an electric stimulus. The increase
in flux by 1.5 fold was recorded with applied electric stimulus. The reduction in drug permeability
observed when the concentration of GA was increased. Whereas, the permeability of the drug was
augmented as an electric current was changed from 2 to 8 mA. The pulsatile drug release under “on–
off” cycle of electric stimulus witnessed a faster drug release under ‘on’ condition and it was slow under
‘off’ condition. The alteration in skin composition after electrical stimulation was confirmed
through histopathology studies.

Conclusion:
The PAAm-g-PCT copolymer hydrogel is a useful carrier for transdermal drug delivery
activated by an electric signal to provide on-demand release of rivastigmine.
The Effects of CeO2 Nanoparticles (CeNPs) on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers of Rat Liver Mitochondria: An In vitro Study
Authors: Pourjafar Mona , Malih Sara , Ranjbar Akram 
Published: February 2020

Background::
In recent years, the applications of nanoparticles have received a great
attention due to their industrial and biomedical applications, while their beneficial effects suffer
from controversial results at clinical stages.

Objective::
In the current study, cytotoxicity of cerium oxide (CeNP) nanoparticles (100 nm) were
evaluated using mitochondria derived from wistar rat's liver.

Methods::
Isolated mitochondria from rat’s liver were divided into 7 groups including group 1 as
control and group 2 to 7 as treatment group with different doses of CeNP (5, 10, 50, 100, 250 and
500 mg/ml, respectively), for 24, 48 and 72 h. After exposure, oxidative stress biomarkers such as
total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation (LPO), total thiol groups (TTG), catalase
activity (CAT) and mitochondrial viability, were determined in isolated rat liver mitochondria.

Results::
Results have shown that CeNPs increase TAC, TTG, CAT, LPO and viability of mitochondria
in various exposure times and confirm antioxidant properties of CeNPs in mithocondria
while mitochondria is a main source for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Conclusion::
CeNPs trigger a wide range of biological responses that vary from cytotoxic to cytoprotective.
The Joint Effects of Supervisor Pay Transparency and Vertical Pay Dispersion on Reporting Honesty
Authors: Liu Xiaotao (Kelvin) , Tian Yu , Zhang Yue (May) 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
We experimentally investigate how supervisor pay transparency interacts with vertical pay dispersion to affect subordinates' reporting honesty in a budgeting setting. We find that the effect of supervisor pay transparency relative to pay secrecy becomes more negative as vertical pay dispersion becomes higher. Our findings suggest that while supervisor pay transparency complements an egalitarian pay structure by increasing reporting honesty, it does not fare along with high vertical pay dispersion as the combination of the two appears to decrease reporting honesty, even when such high dispersion can be justified. Further investigation suggests that our result is not driven by the feeling of unfairness toward high supervisor pay, but by a benchmarking effect (i.e., subordinates use supervisor pay as a pay standard and try to find ways to earn a similar amount).
KOMUNIKASI WORDS OF MOUTH DALAM BIDANG PEMASARAN : Sebuah Kilas Balik Teori
Authors: Riofita Hendra , Harsono Mugi 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAKTujuan penulisan dari artikel ini adalah untuk menjelaskan tentang perkembangan teori komunikasi khususnya teori komunikasi massa dalam memunculkan teori WOM (Words of Mouth) atau komunikasi dari mulut ke mulut yang sering diterapkan sebagai salah satu strategi komunikasi pemasaran dalam memasarkan produk. Metode yang digunakan oleh Penulis adalah metode studi pustaka dengan merangkum dan menyusun berbagai literatur tentang teori komunikasi massa yang berkaitan dengan teori WOM. Adapun teori komunikasi massa yang diangkat dalam artikel ini dimulai dari teori jarum hipodermik, teori one-step flow modle, teori two-step flow modle, teori multy-step flow modle, teori limited effect dan teori WOM itu sendiri. Pada bagian akhir setiap pembahasan teori ditunjukkan bahwa teori-teori tersebut memang memiliki hubungan denga teori WOM. Kesimpulan dari artikel ini adalah bahwa teori WOM memang tidak bisa dilepaskan dari teori komunikasi massa.Kata Kunci: Komunikasi, Komunikasi Massa, WOM
PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN MIND MAPPING DAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA MATA KULIAH AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN LANJUTAN
Authors: Prihastuti dkk Asepma Hygi 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan metode Mind Mapping dan Problem Based Learning terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar mahasiswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan subyek penelitian mahasiswa D3 Akuntansi STIE Persada Bunda yang menempuh mata kuliah Akuntansi Keuangan Lanjutan sebanyak 21 orang. Penelitian dilakukan 2 siklus dengan metode Mind Mapping menggunakan MindManager Pro 6 dan Problem Based Learning. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada siklus 1, rata-rata nilai motivasi belajar mahasiswa sebesar 67,20% meningkat menjadi 73,02% dengan kategori tinggi pada siklus 2. Dan rata-rata nilai hasil belajar pada siklus 1 sebesar 70,00% meningkat pada siklus 2 dengan rata-rata hasil belajar sebesar 85,71% dengan kategori sangat baik. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran Mind Mapping dan Problem Based Learning pada mata kuliah Akuntansi Keuangan Lanjutan semakin meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar mahasiswa akuntansi di STIE Persada Bunda
EVALUASI INPUT DAN PROSES PROGRAM BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (Studi Deskriptif di Desa Karanganyar dan Desa Cigondewah Hilir)
Authors: Nurcahya Eka , Muftiadi Anang , Buchari Ahmad 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAK Pengembangan perekonomian di tingkat desa merupakan aspek yang sangat penting dalam upaya mensejahterakan masyarakat. Program badan usaha milik desa merupakan inisiatif dari pemetintah untuk mensejahterakan masyarakat. Permasalahan muncul dari berbagai aspek yang terkait dengan optimalisasi program badan usaha milik negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui evaluasi pada level input dan proses dengan menggunakan model Context, Input, Process, dan Product (CIPP). Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode desktiptif di desa Karanganyar dan Cigondewah Hilir, teknik pengambilan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi, serta analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Program BUMDesa sudah memiliki pedoman untuk organisasi pengelola, modal & kegiatan usaha, dan penggunaan & pembagian sisa hasil usaha berdasarkan AD & ART dan program yang dilakukan telah diimplementasikan oleh pada stakeholder di tingkat desa.Kata Kunci:Evaluasi Input, Evaluasi Proses, Badan Usaha Milik Desa.
Pengembangan zakat untuk perekonomian masyarakat
Authors: Hasanuri Hasanuri 
Published: February 2020

Penulisan tesis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberdayaan zakat terhadap pengembangan ekonomi umat di Kota Kendari, yang diawali dengan upaya mengetahui bagaimana peranan zakat bagi pengembangan ekonomi umat di Kota Kendari, langkah strategis yang harus ditempuh dalam pemberdayaan zakat, kemudian diakhiri pembahasannya dengan mengupas pengaruh pemberdayaan zakat terhadap pengembangan ekonomi umat di Kota Kendari.Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan lembaga pengelola zakat (BAZDA) dan kinerjanya belum menunjukkan adanya hasil sebagaimana yang diharapkan dalam upaya menumbuhkan ekonomi umat, meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan mengentaskan kemiskinan di Kota Kendari. Hal ini disebabkan oleh karena faktor lembaga pengelola zakat itu sendiri (BAZDA) yang belum optimal dalam menggali dan merealisasikan potensi zakat. Program-program yang dilaksanakan selama ini masih pada tataran sosialisasi dan upaya menumbuhkan kesadaran umat Islam dalam membayar zakat, belum menyentuh pada pola pemberdayaan yang dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan mengangkat taraf hidup kaum du’afa. Namun demikian masyarakat tetap yakin dan optimis, bahwa jika potensi zakat di Kota Kendari mampu direalisasikan dan dikelola oleh lembaga pengelola yang amanah, profesional dan bertanggung jawab, niscaya akan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan umat, mengentaskan kemiskinan dan dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi umat di Kota Kendari.
Dana Talangan Haji; Problem atau Solusi Jitu? (Studi Evaluasi Kebijakan Penyelenggaraan Ibadah Haji)
Authors: Farid Rifaat 
Published: February 2020

Dana Talangan Haji merupakan merupakan pembiayaan dalam bentuk konsumtif yang ditujukan kepada nasabah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan biaya setoran awal Biaya Penyelenggaraan Ibadah haji (BPIH) yang ditentukan oleh Kemenag RI melalui Sistem Komputerisasi Haji Terpadu (SISKOHAT), untuk mendapatkan nomor seat porsi haji dengan menggunakan akad Qard dan Ijarah. Dasar Pemerintah mengeluarkan produk pembiayaan Dana Talangan Haji ini adalah bersdasarkan pada fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional (DSN) MUI No.29/DSN-MUI/VI/2002 tanggal 26 Juni 2002 tentang Pembiayaan Pengurusan Haji oleh LKS (Lembaga Keuangan Syariah). Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa metode garbage can yang digunakan pun hanya menyelesaikan berbagai persoalan yang berada di permukaan, tidak menyelesaikan berbagai masalah yang lebih kompleks lainnya. Diantaranya adalah masalah animo haji yang semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya tidak dibarengi dengan perbaikan fasilitas penunjang haji; pemondokan, katering, pengurusan paspor maupun visa yang seringkali terhambat oleh buruknya birokrasi, pemisahan operator maupun regulator dalam pelaksaan haji dan semacamnya. Secara keseluruhan proses penyelenggaran ibadah haji dari tahun ke tahun semakin menunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan
Pengaruh Program Pemutihan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor, Pembebasan Bea Balik Nama Kendaraan Bermotor, dan Sosialisasi Perpajakan Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor
Authors: Rahayu Cinti , Amirah  
Published: February 2020

This study aims to prove the influence of program pemutihan motor vehicle tax (PKB), free transfer of name (BBNKB), and socialization taxation to the taxpayer to pay motor vehicle tax SAMSAT office Brebes. The population of this study are all motor vehicle texpayers registered at SAMSAT Brebes Joint Office. This sample used in this research is accidental sampling method is the technique of determining the sample by chance, ie anyone who by chance met with the researchers. Data were collected by survey method with questionnaires, and questionnaires were eligible for 100 questionnaires. Data analysis technique used Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. The results showed partialy had an affect that program pemutihan motor vehicle tax (PKB) with significant value 0,000 < 0,005, free transfer of name (BBNKB) with significant value 0,013 < 0,05,and socialization with significant value 0,000 < 0,05. Simultaneously all variabels had an effect on taxpayer to pay motor vehicle tax at SAMSAT Brebes Joint Office with significant value 0,000 < 0,05.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan dan Pemahaman Peraturan Perpajakan, Penghindaran Pajak dan Sanksi Perpajakan Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak
Authors: Febri Davidya , Sulistyani Tri 
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of knowledge and understanding of taxation regulations, tax avoidance and taxation sanctions simultaneously and partially on taxpayer compliance. To find out the difference in knowledge and understanding of taxation regulations, tax avoidance, taxation and compliance sanctions on private taxpayers of private employees with ASN's personal taxpayers. In this study using the population of all individual taxpayers registered in the Tegal City KPP with a sample of 100 respondents. The sampling technique using simple random sampling. Methods of data collection by distributing questionnaires. The data is processed using SPSS program version 23. The results of this study conclude that the first hypothesis is that there is the influence of knowledge and understanding of tax regulations, tax avoidance and taxation sanctions simultaneously on taxpayer compliance with a significant value of 0,000. The second hypothesis is that there is an influence of knowledge and understanding of taxation regulation partially to taxpayer compliance with the significant value equal to 0,011. The third hypothesis is that there is no partial tax avoidance effect on taxpayer compliance with a significant value of 0.069. The fourth hypothesis is that there is a partial effect of taxation sanctions on taxpayer compliance with a significant value of 0.030. The fifth hypothesis is that there are differences in knowledge and understanding of taxation regulations, tax evasion, tax sanctions and compliance with private taxpayers private employees with taxpayers personal ASN. While for both groups of taxpayers both private and ASN employees do not differ or there is no difference in preferences on tax sanctions.