bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leptin protects brain from ischemia/reperfusion‐induced infarction by stabilizing the blood–brain barrier to block brain infiltration by the blood‐borne neutrophils
Authors: Hung Wan‐Ting , Wang Chen‐Hsuan , Lin Shih‐Yi , Cheng Shu‐Yun , Liao Li‐Ya , Lu Li‐Yu , Chen Yu‐Ju , Huang Yu‐Zhen , Lin Chi‐Hsin , Hsueh Chi‐Mei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying leptin‐mediated brain protection against cerebral ischemia were investigated at the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and neutrophil level. Through the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) animal model, we found that leptin expression level was significantly decreased in ischemic hemisphere. Brain injection with leptin (15 μg/kg, intracisternally) could block the I/R‐increased BBB permeability, activation of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP‐9) and brain infiltration of blood–borne neutrophils to reduce the infarct volume of ischemic brain. The brain expression level of tight junction protein ZO‐1 as well as number and motility of neutrophils in blood was all increased by the same injection, indicating BBB stability (rather than reduction in neutrophils) played a major role in the leptin‐inhibited brain infiltration of neutrophils. Leptin‐mediated protection of BBB was further confirmed in vitro, through a BBB cellular model under the in vitro ischemic condition (G/R: glucose–oxygen–serum deprivation followed by GOS restoration). The results showed that leptin again could block the G/R‐increased neutrophil adherence to EC layer as well as BBB permeability, likely by stimulating the endothelial expression of ZO‐1 and VE‐Cadherin. The study has demonstrated that leptin could protect ischemic brain via multiple ways (other than neuronal protection), by inhibiting the BBB permeability, brain infiltration of the blood‐borne neutrophils and neutrophil adherence to vascular ECs. The role of leptin in vascular biology of stroke could further support its therapeutic potential in other neurodegenerative diseases, associated with BBB disorder.
Family resources moderate the relationship between seizure control and health‐related quality of life in children with drug‐resistant epilepsy
Authors: Phillips Natalie L. , Widjaja Elysa , Smith Mary Lou 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivePediatric drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE) is associated with poor health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). Achieving seizure control, however, does not improve HRQOL in all children. This study sought to evaluate whether (1) baseline caregiver and family factors are associated with child HRQOL at 1‐year follow‐up over and above epilepsy characteristics, treatment, and seizure outcome; and (2) baseline family factors moderate the association between seizure outcome and child HRQOL at 1‐year follow‐up.MethodsThis multicenter longitudinal cohort study recruited 152 children with DRE who were being evaluated for surgical candidacy. Child HRQOL was rated by caregivers using the Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy Questionnaire at baseline and 1‐year follow‐up. Additional data collected at baseline included child epilepsy characteristics, caregiver demographics, caregiver mood, and family environment.ResultsSeizure freedom was achieved in 68% and 28% of patients 1 year after surgery and medical treatment, respectively. Caregiver and family factors were not associated with higher child HRQOL at follow‐up after accounting for epilepsy characteristics, treatment, seizure outcome, and baseline child HRQOL, F11, 131 = 1.34, P = .21, ΔR2 = .04. Family resources moderated the association between seizure outcome and child HRQOL at follow‐up (b = .41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.09‐0.74, P = .03); seizure freedom was strongly associated with higher HRQOL when family resources were high (b = 13.50, 95% CI = 8.35‐18.54, P < .001), relative to when family resources were low (b = 5.17, 95% CI = −0.18 to 10.52, P = .06). Family relationships and demands did not moderate the relationship between seizure outcome and HRQOL.SignificanceAchieving seizure freedom was associated with better HRQOL in children with DRE, but this association was reduced for those children who presented with limited family resources. These results highlight the importance of assessing the family environment during presurgical evaluation and implementing early family‐based intervention and supports to promote better outcomes for children in the long term.
Long‐term exposure to increasing temperature can offset predicted losses in marine food quality (fatty acids) caused by ocean warming
Authors: Jin Peng , Gonzàlez Gala , Agustí Susana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMarine phytoplankton produce essential fatty acids (FA), which are key component of a healthy diet in humans and marine food webs. Increased temperatures can reduce lipid and FA content in phytoplankton; thus, ocean warming poses a risk for the global production of these essential FA. However, responses to warming may differ between phytoplankton species especially after long‐term exposure because phenotypic plasticity, de novo mutations, or genetic evolution may occur. Here, we examine the content of FA and lipids in phytoplankton following long‐term selection (~2 years) to warming conditions (+4°C), and we observe that FA and lipids content were partly or entirely recovered following long‐term exposure to warming conditions. Furthermore, this observed long‐term response also offset the predicted losses of some essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in three of the four species tested. Our study suggests that long‐term exposure of phytoplankton to warming may help to maintain marine food quality in a moderately warming ocean. The responses of FA to increasing temperatures may vary among species, and the level of this idiosyncrasy remains to be further studied.
The secondary‐structured DNA‐binding activity of Dna2 endonuclease/helicase is critical to cell growth under replication stress
Authors: Park Soyeong , Karatayeva Nargis , Demin Annie Albert , Munashingha Palinda Ruvan , Seo Yeon‐Soo 
Published: July 2020

Dna2 can efficiently process 5′ flaps containing DNA secondary structure using coordinated action of the three biochemical activities: the N‐terminally encoded DNA‐binding activity and the C‐terminally encoded endonuclease and helicase activities. In this study, we investigated the cross talk among the three functional domains using a variety of dna2 mutant alleles and enzymes derived thereof. We found that disruption of the catalytic activities of Dna2 activated Dna2‐dependent checkpoint, residing in the N‐terminal domain. This checkpoint activity contributed to growth defects of dna2 catalytic mutants, revealing the presence of an intramolecular functional cross talk in Dna2. The N‐terminal domain of Dna2 bound specifically to substrates that mimic DNA replication fork intermediates, including Holliday junctions. Using site‐directed mutagenesis of the N‐terminal domain of Dna2, we discovered that five consecutive basic amino acid residues were essential for the ability of Dna2 to bind hairpin DNA in vitro. Mutant cells expressing the dna2 allele containing all five basic residues substituted with alanine displayed three distinct phenotypes: (i) temperature‐sensitive growth defects, (ii) bypass of S‐phase arrest, and (iii) increased sensitivity to DNA‐damaging agents. Taken together, our results indicate that the interplay between the N‐terminal regulatory and C‐terminal catalytic domains of Dna2 plays an important role in vivo, especially when cells are placed under replication stress.
Effects of scanning speed on creep behaviour of 316L stainless steel produced using selective laser melting
Authors: Yu Jong Min , Dao Van Hung , Yoon Kee Bong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIncreasing numbers of critical components for the aerospace and power industries are fabricated using additive manufacturing (AM). To increase the productivity of high‐temperature components by AM, the scanning speed needs to be maximized without sacrificing the required creep properties. In this study, five rectangular blocks were manufactured using selective laser melting while varying the scanning speed from 420 to 980 mm/s. Small punch creep tests were conducted at 650°C using 10 × 10 × 0.5 mm specimens machined from each block. Creep deformation and rupture life were measured. Power law creep constants were also determined. Difference of creep behaviours were explained based on the microstructures showing pore defects and the measured metal density values. A 3D response surface plot was employed to predict the creep life as a function of the scanning speed and the energy density. As a consequence, a scanning speed range of 416 to 572 mm/s is recommended to maximize productivity and to increase creep resistance.
Use of glass polishing waste in the development of ecological ceramic roof tiles by the geopolymerization process
Authors: de Azevedo Afonso R. G. , Marvila Markssuel Teixeira , Rocha Higor Azevêdo , Cruz Lucas Reis , Vieira Carlos Mauricio Fontes 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe production process of ceramic roof tiles requires a large consumption of natural raw material, such as clay, and energy consumption in the sintering process. Thus, the objective of this research was the development of more ecological tile for civil construction, adopting the process of geopolymerization, which does not require burning, and the use of glass polishing waste, in partial replacement of natural raw material. Prismatic specimens were made with a ratio of alkaline solution/ (metakaolin + waste) = 0.26 and variation of the curing time in 7, 28, and 60 days, and a ratio of precursors with SiO2/Al2O3 varying in 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0 for the evaluation of technological properties such as apparent specific mass, linear shrinkage, water absorption, and mechanical resistance to flexion, in addition to microstructural evaluations and the physical, chemical, and mineralogical characterization of the waste. The results showed that the glass waste had potential for use as a precursor in the geopolymerization process, and that the specimens with a 7 days cure and a SiO2/Al2O3 = 4 ratio are the most recommended for the production of roof tiles for civil construction.
Scabies coexisting with other dermatoses: the importance of recognizing multiple pathologies in resource‐poor settings
Authors: Padovese Valeska , Dassoni Federica , Morrone Aldo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundBackground Skin Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) are a group of ten diseases often co‐endemic in African rural communities and characterized by primary skin involvement. If not diagnosed and treated promptly, they can lead to long‐term disfigurement, disability, stigmatization, and socioeconomic loss. Scabies is a parasitic disease and it was added in 2017 to the World Health Organization's (WHO) list of NTDs. Skin NTDs comorbidities differ according to the local diseases burden and are associated to other poverty‐related illnesses.MethodsWe report a case series of scabies and comorbidities in children from rural Ethiopia aimed at highlighting diagnostic challenges.ResultsWe propose an epidemiological framework to the integrated skin NTDs approach at a community level.ConclusionThis bottleneck approach may significantly reduce skin diseases burden in rural communities, prevent long‐term disabilities, and contain costs.
Molecular and clinical profile of congenital fibrinogen disorders in Iran, identification of two novel mutations
Authors: Tavasoli Behnaz , Safa Majid , Dorgalaleh Akbar , Ghasemi Jahan B. , Rezaei Makhouri Farahnaz , Rezvani Mohammad R. , Ahmadi Abbas , Tabibian Shadi , Jazebi Mohammad , Baghaipour Mohammad R. , Zaker Farhad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionCongenital fibrinogen disorders (CFDs) comprise the quantitative and qualitative fibrinogen molecule abnormalities that are caused by fibrinogen gene mutations. The objective of this cohort research was to study the molecular and clinical profiles of patients with CFDs.Materials and methodsGenomic DNA Sanger sequencing of 14 Iranian patients was performed to determine CFDs‐causing mutations. The disorders were diagnosed by routine and specific (fibrinogen antigen and functional assay) coagulation tests, and clinical data were obtained from medical records. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to investigate the effect of missense mutation on the protein structure.ResultsThirteen out of 14 patients had afibrinogenemia while the remaining patient had dysfibrinogenemia. Umbilical cord bleeding was the most common clinical presentation (n: 9, ~70%) which led to the diagnosis of afibrinogenemia, while menorrhagia led to the diagnosis of dysfibrinogenemia. Six homozygous mutations were identified in afibrinogenemia: three previously described variants in FGA (p.Trp52Ter, p.Ser312AlafsTer109 and p.Gly316GlufsTer105), one in FBG (p.Gly430Asp), and two novel mutations in FGB (p.Gly430Arg) and FGG (p.His366ThrfsTer40), while the FGA (p.Arg38Thr) heterozygous mutation was identified in dysfibrinogenemia. MD simulation indicated that the FGA p. Arg38Thr mutation probably interferes with polymerization of fibrin monomers.ConclusionsIn Iran, with its high rate of consanguinity, autosomal recessive afibrinogenemia with severe clinical presentations is relatively common due to heterogeneous molecular defects.
Use of Sysmex XN‐10 red blood cell parameters for screening of hereditary red blood cell diseases and iron deficiency anaemia
Authors: Nivaggioni Vanessa , Bouriche Lakhdar , Coito Sylvie , Le Floch Anne‐Sophie , Ibrahim‐Kosta Manal , Leonnet Caroline , Arnoux Isabelle , Loosveld Marie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionIn daily practice in haematology laboratories, red blood cell (RBC) abnormalities are frequent and their management is a real challenge. The aim of this study is to establish a “decision tree” using RBC and reticulocyte parameters from the SYSMEX XN‐10 analyser to distinguish between patients with a hereditary RBC disease from iron deficiency anaemia and other patients.MethodsWe analysed results of complete RBC counts in a cohort composed of 8217 adults divided into 5 different groups: iron deficiency anaemia (n = 120), heterozygous haemoglobinopathy (n = 92), sickle cell disease syndrome (n = 56), hereditary spherocytosis (n = 18) and other patients (n = 7931). A Classification And Regression Tree (CART) analysis was used to obtain a two‐step decision tree in order to predict these previous groups.ResultsFive parameters and the calculated RBC score were selected by the CART method: mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, percentage of microcytes, distribution width of the RBC histogram, percentage of nucleated red blood cells, immature reticulocytes fraction and finally RBC Score. When applying the tree and recommended flowchart, 158/166 of the RBC hereditary disease patients and 114/120 iron deficiency anaemia patients are detected. Overall, the correct classification rate reached 99.4%. Sensitivity and specificity for RBC disease detection were 95.2% and 99.9%, respectively. These results were confirmed in an independent validation cohort.ConclusionBased on the XN‐10 RBC and reticulocyte parameters, we propose a two‐step decision tree delivering a good prediction and classification of hereditary RBC diseases. These results can be used to optimize additional reticulocyte analysis and microscopy review.
Molecular characteristics and markers of advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Pitfalls due to intratumoral heterogeneity and identification of genetic alterations associated with metastasis
Authors: Obeng Rebecca C , Arnold Rebecca S , Ogan Kenneth , Master Viraj A , Pattaras John G , Petros John A , Osunkoya Adeboye O 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesTo identify clear cell renal cell carcinoma‐related gene mutations potentially associated with aggressive disease, sarcomatoid differentiation or poor prognosis.MethodsWe carried out genomic analysis of 217 tumor foci from 25 patients with conventional clear cell renal cell carcinoma (14 patients), clear cell renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation (six patients) and non‐clear cell renal cell carcinoma (five patients). Each tumor nodule on the tissue block that corresponded to the same focus on the slide was separated from the normal parenchyma and other histologically distinct areas of tumor. The isolated tumor foci were used for subsequent analyses and sequencing. Deoxyribonucleic acid from the formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissues was extracted. Multiplex bar‐coded polymerase chain reaction amplification was carried out using next‐generation sequencing libraries.ResultsOverall, 67 protein alterations, including amino acid alterations, frame shifts and splice site mutations in seven genes were identified in the cohort of renal cell carcinoma tumors included in this study. Fewer patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation had clear cell renal cell carcinoma‐related mutations in comparison with patients with conventional clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Additionally, the average number of unique clear cell renal cell carcinoma‐related protein alterations per patient was significantly lower in clear cell renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation than in conventional clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Mutations in PBRM1 were identified in a higher proportion of patients with high‐grade tumors (World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology grade 4) and in the primary tumors of six of 10 (60%) patients with metastatic disease.ConclusionsAlthough there are pitfalls due to intratumoral heterogeneity and sampling bias, mutations in PBRM1 may be associated with metastasis and aggressive disease in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
Fibroplasty (venoplasty) to facilitate transvenous lead placement: A single‐center experience
Authors: Kella Danesh K. , Isath Ameesh , Yasin Omar , Padmanabhan Deepak , Webster Tracy , Mulpuru Siva , Cha Yong‐Mei , Friedman Paul A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionVenous stenosis is a well‐recognized complication of transvenous leads (TVLs) that is encountered during lead revisions or device upgrades. We here report the outcomes of TVL placement facilitated by fibroplasty or tunneling (TUN) procedure.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center retrospective cohort study of all patients undergoing TVL implantation requiring fibroplasty or TUN from 2005 to 2017. Medical records and procedure reports were reviewed for relevant data. Outcomes for fibroplasty and TUN to facilitate TVL placement were compared.ResultsSixty patients had fibroplasty and thirty‐five patients had a TUN procedure. There was no difference in procedure success rates between the two groups (97% fibroplasty vs. 100% TUN; p = .98). The fluoroscopy time was longer (fibroplasty = 39.7 ± 21.5 min vs. TUN = 29.2 ± 21.3 min; p = .01) and the total procedural time was shorter in the fibroplasty group (fibroplasty = 247 ± 77.8 min vs. TUN = 287 ± 77.1 min; p = .01). TUN was associated with a significantly higher incidence of acute complications (fibroplasty = 0 vs. TUN = 8; p = .002) most requiring invasive intervention and/or transfusion with blood products. Long‐term complications requiring additional device‐related procedures were comparable between the two groups (fibroplasty = 6 vs. TUN = 6; logrank p = .21).ConclusionsFor patients with venous stenosis requiring additional TVL, balloon fibroplasty is associated with similar rates of success and a significantly decreased incidence of acute complications when compared with subcutaneous TUN.
Modified Cornell electrocardiographic criteria in the assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy geometry of patients with essential hypertension
Authors: Xu Min , Ge Zhixiang , Huang Jun , Shao Xiaoliang , Li Jumei , MRCP  , Yang Junhua 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo evaluate the value of modified Cornell electrocardiographic criteria in the assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) for patients with essential hypertension. A total of 381 patients with essential hypertension diagnosed in our hospital were selected. Using the left ventricle (LV) geometric patterns classified by the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE), we examined the distribution of the modified Cornell criteria of Ravl + SD (the deepest S wave in 12‐lead ECG) in different geometric patterns and analyzed the correlation of modified Cornell criteria with changes in the LV geometric patterns using multiple linear regression analysis. The distribution of modified Cornell criteria, Sokolow‐Lyon criteria (RV5/V6 + SV1), and Cornell criteria (Ravl + SV3) in gender‐specific hypertensive geometric patterns were significantly different (P ≤ .01 for all). The voltage of Ravl + SD in male patients showed an increase trend in the normal geometry (NG), concentric remodeling (CR), concentric hypertrophy (CH), and eccentric hypertrophy (EH) groups, and this increase trend was significantly in the unadjusted model and the adjusted model. The voltages of Ravl + SV3 and RV5/V6 + SV1 of male patients in CR, CH and RH groups showed a gradual increase trend, but the increase trend in CR group has no statistical significance compared to that in NG group (P ≥ .05). The voltages of Ravl + SD, RV5/V6 + SV1, and Ravl + SV3 in female patients in CR, CH and EH groups showed a trend of increase after decrease in the adjusted model. In conclusion, the modified Cornell criteria could dynamically reflect left ventricular hypertensive geometry of male patients.
High neuropilin and tolloid‐like 1 expression associated with metastasis and poor survival in epithelial ovarian cancer via regulation of actin cytoskeleton
Authors: Xu Yunzhao , Wang Wei , Chen Jinling , Mao Haixia , Liu Yuanlin , Gu Shuting , Liu Qinqin , Xi Qinghua , Shi Wenyu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAbnormal expression of neuropilin and tolloid‐like 1 (NETO1) has been detected in some human carcinomas. However, the expression of NETO1 and the underlying mechanism in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remain unknown. In this study, we found that a higher NETO1 expression in EOC tissue samples compared to normal ovarian tissue samples was significantly correlated with worse overall survival. Additionally, Cox regression analysis suggested that NETO 1 was independently associated with overall survival. NETO1 overexpression enhanced the EOC cells’ migration and invasion capability in vitro via regulation of actin cytoskeleton. Mechanistically, silencing NETO1 reduced the expression of β‐tubulin, F‐actin and KIF2A. In conclusion, our results demonstrated the critical role of NETO1 in EOC invasion, and therapies aimed at inhibiting its expression or activity might significantly control EOC growth, invasion and metastatic dissemination.