bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unmet device reprogramming needs at the end of life among patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gonzalez-Jaramillo Valentina , Sobanski Piotr , Calvache Jose A , Arenas-Ochoa Luisa F , Franco Oscar H , Hunziker Lukas , Eychmüller Steffen , Maessen Maud 
Published: June 2020

Background: Use of implantable cardioverter defibrillators is increasingly common. As patients approach the end of life, it is appropriate to deactivate the shock function. Aim: To assess the prevalence of implantable cardioverter defibrillator reprogramming to deactivate the shock function at the end of life and the prevalence of advance directives among this population. Design: Following a previously established protocol available in PROSPERO, we performed a narrative synthesis of our findings and used the logit transformation method to perform our quantitative synthesis. Data sources: We searched seven bibliographic databases (Embase, Cochrane Central register of controlled Trials, Medline-Ovid, Web-of-Science, Scopus, PsychInfo, and CINAHL) and additional sources until April 2019. Results: Of the references we identified, 14 were included. We found a pooled prevalence of implantable cardioverter defibrillator reprogramming at the end of life of 28% (95% confidence interval, 22%–36%) with higher reprogramming rates after the recommendations for managing the device at the end of life were published. Among patients with advance directives, the pooled prevalence of advance directives that explicitly mentioned the device was 1% (95% confidence interval, 1%–3%). Conclusions: The prevalence of implantable cardioverter defibrillator reprogramming and advance directives that explicitly mentioned the device was very low. Study data suggested reprogramming decisions were made very late, after the patient experienced multiple shocks. Patient suffering could be ameliorated if physicians and other healthcare professionals adhere to clinical guidelines for the good management of the device at the end of life and include deactivating the shock function in the discussion that leads to the advance directive.
Superselective transcatheter arterial embolization for acute small bowel bleeding: clinical outcomes and prognostic factors for ischemic complications
Authors: Kim Yong Seek , Kwon Joon Ho , Han Kichang , Kim Man-Deuk , Lee Junhyung , Kim Gyoung Min , Won Jong Yun 
Published: June 2020

Background Small bowel bleeding (SBB) accounts for 5%–10% of all cases of acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) plays an important role in the treatment of SBB. Purpose To evaluate the safety and efficacy of superselective TAE exclusively for SBB and to assess factors associated with clinical outcomes. Material and Methods From January 2006 to April 2017, 919 patients were admitted with signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding; 74 patients (mean age = 57.5 years; age range = 14–82 years) with positive angiographic findings for SBB were retrospectively analyzed. The technical success of TAE and clinical outcomes, including recurrent bleeding, major complications, and in-hospital mortality were evaluated. The associations of various clinical and technical factors with clinical outcomes were analyzed. Results The bleeding foci were in the ileum in 48 (65%) patients and the jejunum in 26 (35%). Technical success was achieved in 72 (97%) patients. The rates of recurrent bleeding, major complications, and in-hospital mortality were 12% (7/57), 21% (15/71), and 25% (18/72), respectively. Superselective embolization was a significant prognostic factor associated with fewer major complications (OR = 0.069; P = 0.003). The increased number of embolized vasa recta was significantly associated with a higher probability of major complications (OR = 2.64; P < 0.001). The use of N-butyl cyanoacrylate was associated with lower rates of major complication (OR = 0.257; P = 0.027). Conclusion TAE is a safe and effective treatment modality for SBB. In addition, whenever possible, TAE should be performed in a superselective manner to minimize ischemic complications.
Plasma P-selectin level is associated with severity of coronary heart disease in Chinese Han population
Authors: Song Chunhui , Wu Guohai , Chang Sheng , Bie Lizhan 
Published: June 2020

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the association between plasma P-selectin levels and the severity of coronary heart disease (CHD) in a Chinese Han population. Methods We enrolled 219 patients with CHD and 168 healthy individuals without CHD as a control group. Coronary stenosis was evaluated based on the number of diseased coronary arteries and the Gensini scoring system. P-selectin levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the association between CHD and plasma P-selectin level was analyzed. Results P-selectin levels were significantly higher in CHD patients compared with controls. Levels were highest in patients with three-vessel disease and lowest in those with one-vessel disease, with significant differences among the groups. P-selectin levels were also highest in the high-score and lowest in the low-score group according to Gensini score, with significant differences among the groups. P-selectin level was significantly positively correlated with Gensini score and C-reactive protein level. Elevated P-selectin was identified as an independent risk factor for CHD. Conclusion P-selectin levels were increased in Chinese Han patients with CHD. P-selectin level is an independent risk factor for CHD and may serve as a biomarker reflecting the severity of CHD in the Chinese Han population.
Effects of artificial cycles with and without gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist pretreatment on frozen embryo transfer outcomes
Authors: Qi Qianrong , Luo Jin , Wang Yaqin , Xie Qingzhen 
Published: June 2020

Objective This study aimed to compare the pregnancy outcomes between women receiving frozen embryo transfer (FET) with hormone replacement treatment (HRT) with and without gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) pretreatment. Methods All consecutive women undergoing HRT cycles (2936 cycles) or HRT with GnRHa pretreatment (HRT + GnRHa, 303 cycles) at our reproductive center between January 2015 and December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Results The average age was higher in the HRT + GnRHa compared with the HRT group (34.0 ± 4.8 vs. 31.3 ± 4.4). However, the pregnancy outcomes were comparable between the two groups. The clinical pregnancy rate was significantly increased in younger women (≤35 years) in the HRT + GnRHa group compared with the HRT group (56.8% vs. 48.7%), but the live birth rates were similar in the two groups (44.2% vs. 38.4%). The HRT + GnRHa protocol significantly increased the clinical pregnancy rate (55.6% vs. 43.2%) and live birth rate (43.5% vs. 33.5%) compared with the HRT group among women with endometriosis, and significantly decreased the abortion rate in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (3.1% vs. 16.4%). Conclusions GnRHa pretreatment may improve pregnancy outcomes in women with endometriosis and polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Treatment and follow-up of fetuses that developed congenital heart block due to autoantibody in two cases
Authors: Hou Min , Zhao Ying , Liu Xiao-Wei , He Yi-Hua 
Published: June 2020

Objective Autoantibody-related congenital heart block (ACHB) is a passively acquired autoimmune disease. This study aimed to examine the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and treatment of ACHB. Method The clinical data of two fetuses with first-degree ACHB were retrospectively analyzed. Results Two pregnant women were strongly positive for anti-Sjögren’s syndrome-related antigen A (SSA) antibody. Among these two cases, one had a prolonged atrioventricular (AV) interval at 28+3 weeks in utero, while the other had a prolonged AV interval at 24+6 weeks in utero. After prenatal intervention, one patient recovered to normal, while one fetus continued to have ACHB after treatment with dexamethasone and intravenous immunoglobulin. Furthermore, the two neonates were positive for anti-SSA antibody and were diagnosed with ACHB. Conclusion The pathogenesis of ACHB is closely correlated with anti-SSA/Ro antibody and anti-SSB/La antibody from the mother, and is affected by fetal susceptibility. Early screening and early intervention for ACHB are important.
ETView VivaSight single lumen vs. conventional intubation in simulated studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Oh Seok Kyeong , Lim Byung Gun , Kim Young Sung , Lee Jae Hak , Won Young Ju 
Published: June 2020

Objective The ETView VivaSight single lumen airway tube (ETView) is a tracheal tube incorporating a video camera. We carried out a meta-analysis of previous simulation studies by inexperienced personnel to determine if the ETView could improve the success rate of first-attempt intubation. Methods We collected data from randomized controlled trials comparing the use of the ETView VivaSight single lumen versus a conventional endotracheal tube in a simulated manikin or cadaver study. Results Eleven studies (558 participants, 3,254 intubations, and 19 scenarios) were included. The ETView had a significantly higher success rate and shorter insertion time than conventional intubation in both normal airways (with or without chest compression) and in difficult airways. In addition, the ETView demonstrated better results in terms of a higher rate of Cormack−Lehane grade 1 and a lower incidence of dental trauma. Conclusions Inexperienced personnel can insert the ETView more rapidly and with a higher intubation success rate compared with a conventional tube.
MiR-26a inhibits the inflammatory response of microglia by targeting HMGA2 in intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Jin Jun , Zhou Feng , Zhu Jie , Zeng Weixian , Liu Yong 
Published: June 2020

Objective Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common cerebrovascular disease with high mortality and poor prognosis. Therefore, the biological function and underlying molecular mechanism of miR-26a in inflammatory injury following ICH was investigated. Methods The potential role of miR-26a was investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated microglial cells by quantitative real-time PCR. To explore the potential role of HMGA2 in the miR-26a-regulated inflammatory response, LPS-induced microglial cells were cotransfected with an miR-26a mimic and pcDNA-HMGA2. Then, lentivirus-mediated overexpression of an miR-26a mimic in mouse microglial cells was performed, and the effects of miR-26a treatment on IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α expression in the mouse brain, neurological behavior, and rotarod test performance of mice after ICH were observed. Results MiR-26a was significantly downregulated in LPS-treated microglia and ICH mouse models. MiR-26a markedly reduced IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α expression in LPS-treated microglial cells. Furthermore, HMGA2 was verified as a direct target of miR-26a. In vivo, miR-26a overexpression in mouse microglial cells significantly suppressed proinflammatory cytokine expression in mouse brains and markedly improved the neurological behavior and rotarod test performance of mice after ICH. Conclusion MiR-26a remarkably inhibited proinflammatory cytokine release by targeting HMGA2, indicating that miR-26a could protect against secondary brain injury following ICH.
c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase suppression significantly inhibits the growth of transplanted breast tumors in mice
Authors: Huang You-Cheng , Pan Wu , Li Hui , Yan Tao 
Published: June 2020

Objective The current study investigated the effect of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) expression on the growth of transplanted breast cancer tumors in mice. Methods A breast cancer transplantation model was established in BALB/c mice, which were then treated with SP600125 (30 mg/kg) for 24 days. After sacrificing the mice, the inhibitory effects of SP600125 on breast cancer growth were calculated by weighing tumors. Moreover, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and the tumor microvascular density (MVD) were evaluated via immunohistochemistry. Cell apoptosis was also examined using a TUNEL kit. Results Compared with the findings in the control group, SP600125 treatment (30 mg/kg) obviously suppressed tumor growth during the 15-day observation period. SP600125 treatment markedly inhibited JNK mRNA expression. Furthermore, VEGF protein expression (50% vs. 100%) and MVD (18.27 ± 1.70 vs. 23.17 ± 4.02) were also significantly decreased by SP600125 treatment, whereas the apoptosis index was significantly higher in the treatment group (10.23 ± 1.97% vs. 4.53 ± 1.40%). Conclusion Inhibition of JNK signaling can significantly suppress the growth of transplanted breast tumors in mice.
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition and metastasis of colon cancer cells induced by the FAK pathway in cancer-associated fibroblasts
Authors: Xuefeng Xuefeng , Hou Ming-Xing , Yang Zhi-Wen , Agudamu Agudamu , Wang Feng , Su Xiu-Lan , Li Xian , Shi Lin , Terigele Terigele , Bao Li-Li , Wu Xin-Lin 
Published: June 2020

Objective The role and mechanism of tetrathiomolybdate (TM) in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in colon cancer using three-dimensional (3D) culture were investigated, and the associations between the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) pathway and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CAFs were explored. Methods A 3D co-culture model of colon cancer LOVO cells with CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) was established using Matrigel as a scaffold material. The differential expression of LOXL2 (lysyl oxidase-like 2) in the supernatant of CAFs and NFs was determined using ELISA, and expression levels of EMT-related proteins and FAK signaling pathway-related proteins were determined using western blot. Results LOXL2 levels secreted by CAFs were higher compared with that secreted by NFs. In the CAF + LOVO group, compared with the LOVO group, E-cadherin expression decreased significantly, while N-cadherin and F-PAK expression increased significantly. TM results were opposite compared with the above results. Conclusions CAFs stimulate EMT in human colon cancer LOVO cells by secreting LOXL2 to activate the FAK signaling pathway, thereby promoting tumor metastasis. TM inhibited the occurrence of EMT in the CAF-induced colon cancer LOVO cell line, thereby reducing the invasion and metastasis of colon cancer cells.
Molecular fingerprint of precancerous lesions in breast atypical hyperplasia
Authors: Zheng Chao , Jia Hong Ying , Liu Li Yuan , Wang Qi , Jiang Hong Chuan , Teng Li Song , Geng Cui Zhi , Jin Feng , Tang Li Li , Zhang Jian Guo , Wang Xiang , Wang Shu , Alejandro Fernandez-Escobar , Wang Fei , Yu Li Xiang , Zhou Fei , Xiang Yu Juan , Huang Shu Ya , Fu Qin Ye , Zhang Qiang , Gao De Zong , Ma Zhong Bing , Li Liang , Fan Zhi Min , Yu Zhi Gang 
Published: June 2020

Objective To identify atypical hyperplasia (AH) of the breast by shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS), and to explore the molecular fingerprinting characteristics of breast AH. Methods Breast hyperplasia was studied in 11 hospitals across China from January 2015 to December 2016. All patients completed questionnaires on women’s health. The differences between patients with and without breast AH were compared. AH breast lesions were detected by Raman spectroscopy followed by the SHINERS technique. Results There were no significant differences in clinical features and risk-related factors between patients with breast AH (n = 37) and the control group (n = 2576). Fifteen cases of breast AH lesions were detected by Raman spectroscopy. The main different Raman peaks in patients with AH appeared at 880, 1001, 1086, 1156, 1260, and 1610 cm−1, attributed to the different vibrational modes of nucleic acids, β-carotene, and proteins. Shell-isolated nanoparticles had different enhancement effects on the nucleic acid, protein, and lipid components in AH. Conclusion Raman spectroscopy can detect characteristic molecular changes in breast AH lesions, and may thus be useful for the non-invasive early diagnosis and for investigating the mechanism of tumorigenesis in patients with breast AH.
Role of diffusion-weighted imaging in the diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis
Authors: Lv Bin , Tian Cheng-lin , Cao Xiang-yu , Liu Xin-feng , Wang Jun , Yu Sheng-yuan 
Published: June 2020

Objective To evaluate the hyperintense signal (HIS) performance on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in diagnosing cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Methods Seventy-eight patients with CVT hospitalized from January 2004 to January 2015 were retrospectively studied alongside 78 controls without intracranial organic diseases. Diagnostic accuracy indices of HIS on DWI or T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) to diagnose CVT at different sites and states were analyzed. Results The overall sensitivity of HIS on DWI for the diagnosis of CVT was significantly lower than that of HIS on T2WI (34.6% vs. 79.5%). HIS on T2WI was more sensitive than HIS on DWI in detecting thrombosis, especially in the superior sagittal sinus and transverse sinus. HIS on DWI was inversely related to the time between disease onset and imaging. Compared with HIS on T2WI, combining HIS on DWI and T2WI did not increase the sensitivity for detecting CVT. HIS on DWI was not detected in the control group, but HIS on T2WI was detected in 26.3% of control individuals. The specificity of HIS on DWI for CVT was higher than that of HIS on T2WI (97.4% vs. 76.9%). Conclusion HIS on DWI has a lower sensitivity, but a higher specificity, than HIS on T2WI for diagnosing CVT.
1H-NMR analysis of amino acid metabolism in aqueous humor of patients with cataract, according to diabetes status
Authors: Jin Jing , Sun Qian , Wu Zan , Liu Kun , Song Zhengyu , Su Li 
Published: June 2020

Objective To investigate the differences in amino acid metabolism in aqueous humor of patients with cataract, according to diabetes status, using a 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance approach. Methods Aqueous humor samples from patients with age-related cataract, with or without diabetes, were collected during cataract surgery. All samples underwent nuclear magnetic resonance spectra analysis to characterize their metabolic function. Potential metabolic pathways were analyzed via MetaboAnalyst 3.0. Results This study included eight aqueous humor samples from patients with cataract and diabetes and eight aqueous humor samples from age- and sex-matched patients with cataract alone. Four metabolites were found to significantly differ in the aqueous humor of patients with cataract and diabetes, relative to patients with cataract alone; these metabolites were glucose (higher in patients with diabetes), valine, lysine, and tyrosine (all lower in patients with diabetes). Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis was presumed to be involved in the metabolic differences observed in patients with cataract, according to diabetes status. Conclusions The amino acid metabolic profile in the aqueous humor differed among patients with cataract, according to diabetes status. Disturbance of amino acid metabolism in the aqueous humor may be related to cataract formation in patients with diabetes.
Use of a locking intramedullary nail for the treatment of initial varus proximal humeral fracture: a prospective pilot study
Authors: Deng Xiang-Yi , Fan Zhi-Yuan , Yu Bao-Fu , Ni Bin-Bin , Wang Wei , Lu Hua , Shen Hao 
Published: June 2020

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of locked intramedullary nailing, rather than locking plate fixation combined with fibular allograft augmentation, for initial varus proximal humeral fractures. Methods This prospective pilot study enrolled patients with initial varus proximal humeral fractures that were treated with a locking intramedullary nail. Radiography was performed to evaluate fracture healing. Data about the visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score, Constant Shoulder Score (CSS), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score and shoulder range of motion (ROM) were recorded. Results Twenty patients, including eight with Neer two-part and 12 with three-part fractures, were followed-up, with a mean time of 12.3 months. All patients sustained fractures that healed without re-varus. During the last follow-up, the shoulder function of the patients had recovered well, with a mean VAS pain score of 1.4, a mean CSS of 83.1, a mean DASH score of 80.8, a mean ASES score of 84.0 and a satisfactory ROM. In one patient, the proximal locking screw came out and was removed via a second surgery. Conclusions The use of a locking intramedullary nail alone for initial varus proximal humeral two-/three-part fractures was feasible. This treatment has advantages, such as preventing re-varus and causing milder surgical trauma, than that seen with a locking plate.
Serum levels of allopregnanolone, progesterone and testosterone in menstrually-related and postmenopausal migraine: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Rustichelli Cecilia , Bellei Elisa , Bergamini Stefania , Monari Emanuela , Baraldi Carlo , Castro Flavia Lo , Tomasi Aldo , Ferrari Anna 
Published: June 2020

Background Reduced blood or cerebrospinal fluid levels of allopregnanolone are involved in menstrual cycle-linked CNS disorders, such as catamenial epilepsy. This condition, like menstrually-related migraine, is characterized by severe, treatment-resistant attacks. We explored whether there were differences in allopregnanolone, progesterone and testosterone serum levels between women with menstrually-related migraine (MM, n = 30) or postmenopausal migraine without aura who had suffered from menstrually-related migraine during their fertile age (PM, n = 30) and non-headache control women in fertile age (FAC, n = 30) or post-menopause (PC, n = 30). Methods Participants were women with migraine afferent to a headache centre; controls were female patients’ acquaintances. Serum samples obtained were analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Results In menstrually-related migraine and postmenopausal migraine groups, allopregnanolone levels were lower than in the respective control groups (fertile age and post-menopause) ( p < 0.001, one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey-Kramer post-hoc comparison test) while progesterone and testosterone levels were similar. By grouping together patients with migraine, allopregnanolone levels were inversely correlated with the number of years and days of migraine/3 months ( p ≤ 0.005, linear regression analysis). Conclusion Decreased GABAergic inhibition, due to low allopregnanolone serum levels, could contribute to menstrually-related migraine and persistence of migraine after menopause. For the management of these disorders, a rise in the GABAergic transmission by increasing inhibitory neurosteroids might represent a novel strategy.