bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A “one stop liver shop” approach improves the cascade-of-care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians living with chronic hepatitis B in the Northern Territory of Australia: results of a novel care delivery model
Authors: Hla Thel K. , Bukulatjpi Sarah M. , Binks Paula , Gurruwiwi George G. , Dhurrkay Roslyn G. , Davies Jane 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians are disproportionately affected by Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) with a prevalence of 6.08% in the Northern Territory (NT) and liver cancer rates 6 times higher than non-Indigenous Australians. Without appropriate care, overall 25% of those living with CHB will die from either liver failure or liver cancer, outcomes that can be minimised with regular follow up, antiviral treatment and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening. This care including antiviral treatment is publicly funded in the Australian setting however the care cascade still shows inequities in access to treatment for Aboriginal Australians. We describe the impact of a mobile care delivery model, “One Stop Liver Shop”, on the cascade of care for people living with CHB in a remote Australian setting.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed for CHB care received between 2013 and 2018 in one very remote Northern Territory community, where the “One Stop Liver Shop” was iteratively developed with the community. Patients with positive Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) were identified through electronic medical records. Proportions of patients who are up-to-date with monitoring investigations and HCC screening were evaluated and compared to national guidelines and targets.

Results
Eighty-three HBsAg positive patients were evaluated. Eighty-eight percent were engaged in care, 16% of whom were receiving antiviral treatment. Liver function tests (LFT) were up to date in 71% of patients in 2013 and 88% in 2018. Viral load (VL) monitoring was up to date for 61 (73%) of patients. There were 44 patients in whom HCC screening was indicated. Of these, 38 (86.4%) were up to date with 6 monthly alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), 35 (79.5%) were up to date with 6 monthly liver ultrasound scan (USS), and 34 (77.3%) were up-to-date for both.

Conclusions
A “One Stop Liver Shop” developed with and including Aboriginal Health Practitioners bridges gaps in the availability of services to those living with CHB in a very remote community and improves the cascade of care.
Understanding the burden of illness of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea: a qualitative study
Authors: Waldman Laura Tesler , Parthasarathy Sairam , Villa Kathleen F. , Bron Morgan , Bujanover Shay , Brod Meryl 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), which may go undiagnosed and can significantly impair a patient’s health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This qualitative research examined timing and reasons patients sought medical care for their EDS and OSA symptoms, and the impact of EDS on HRQOL.

Methods
Focus groups were conducted in 3 US cities with 42 participants currently experiencing EDS with OSA. Transcripts were coded and analyzed using an adapted grounded theory approach common to qualitative research.

Results
Over three-fifths of study participants (n = 26, 62%) were currently using a positive airway pressure (PAP) or dental device; one-third (n = 14, 33%) had previously used a positive airway pressure (PAP) or dental device, and the remainder had either used another treatment (n = 1, 2%) or were treatment naïve (n = 1, 2%). Twenty-two participants (52%) reported experiencing OSA symptoms for ≥1 year, with an average duration of 11.4 (median 8.0, range 1–37) years before seeking medical attention. Several (n = 7, 32%) considered their symptoms to be “normal,” rather than signaling a serious medical condition. Thirty participants (71%) discussed their reasons for ultimately seeking medical attention, which included: input from spouse/partner, another family member, or friend (n = 20, 67%); their own concern about particular symptoms (n = 7, 23%); and/or falling asleep while driving (n = 5, 17%). For all 42 participants, HRQOL domains impacted by EDS included: physical health and functioning (n = 40, 95%); work productivity (n = 38, 90%); daily life functioning (n = 39, 93%); cognition (n = 38, 90%); social life/relationships (n = 37, 88%); and emotions (n = 30, 71%).

Conclusions
Findings suggest that patients may be unaware that their symptoms could indicate OSA requiring evaluation and treatment. Even following diagnosis, EDS associated with OSA can continue to substantially affect HRQOL and daily functioning. Further research is needed to address diagnostic delays and unmet treatment needs for patients with EDS associated with OSA.
Comparison of dorsal closing wedge calcaneal osteotomy versus posterosuperior prominence resection for the treatment of Haglund syndrome
Authors: Ge Zilu , Ma Lin , Tang Hong , Yang Mingyu , Yang Aining , Yuan Chengsong , Tao Xu , Zhou Binghua , Tang Kanglai , Chen Wan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Haglund syndrome is a common disease that causes posterior heel pain. This study compared the clinical outcomes of dorsal closing wedge calcaneal osteotomy (DCWCO) and posterosuperior prominence resection (PPR) for the treatment of Haglund syndrome.

Methods
This retrospective study included 12 patients who underwent DCWCO and 32 patients who underwent PPR from January 2010 to August 2016. Patients were evaluated using the American Orthopedic Foot Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scale (AOFAS), Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment Scale for Achilles tendinopathy (VISA-A), Fowler-Philip angle, Bohler’s angle, and calcaneal pitch angle preoperatively and postoperatively (at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and the latest follow-up).

Results
Both groups exhibited a significant increase in their AOFAS and VISA-A scores after surgery. The DCWCO group had lower AOFAS scores than the PPR group at 6 months (77.6 ± 5.1 vs. 82.8 ± 7.8; P = 0.037) but had higher scores at the latest follow-up (98.2 ± 2.3 vs. 93.4 ± 6.1; P = 0.030). The DCWCO group had lower VISA-A scores at 3 months (56.9 ± 13.9 vs. 65.2 ± 11.0; P = 0.044) but higher scores at the latest follow-up (98.2 ± 2.6 vs. 94.3 ± 5.0; P = 0.010) than the PPR group. Both groups exhibited significant changes in the Fowler-Philip angle and Bohler’s angle after surgery. The postoperative Fowler-Philip angle of the DCWCO group was greater than that of the PPR group (35.9° ± 4.9° vs. 31.4° ± 6.2°; P = 0.026). However, there was no statistically significant difference in any other angle of the two groups postoperatively.

Conclusions
Compared to the PPR group, the DCWCO group had poorer short-term clinical outcomes but provide better long-term function and symptom remission. This method can be a good option for those patients with higher functional expectations.
School refusal and bullying in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Ochi Marina , Kawabe Kentaro , Ochi Shinichiro , Miyama Tomoe , Horiuchi Fumie , Ueno Shu-ichi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Few studies have explored school refusal in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), despite being considered a serious problem. One of the leading causes of school refusal is bullying, which is defined by the feelings of students who are bullied or not, and psychological suffering caused by a psychological or physical attack. This study investigated the characteristics of school refusal in children with ASD.

Methods
A total of 94 outpatients with school refusal and ASD and 143 outpatients with school refusal without ASD aged 6–18 years were included. Chi squared tests and Mann–Whitney tests were used to compare the characteristics of school refusal in children with and without ASD. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the reasons for school refusal in children with ASD by sex.

Results
School refusal significantly occurred earlier in children with ASD than in those without. In addition, “bullying” was significantly associated with school refusal in both boys and girls with ASD.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that school refusal should be monitored early in children with ASD. The importance of recognizing bullying among children with ASD should be highlighted as an opportunity for early intervention.
Trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and eribulin mesylate versus trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and a taxane as a first-line or second-line treatment for HER2-positive, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer: study protocol for a randomized controlled, non-inferiority, phase III trial in Japan (JBCRG-M06/EMERALD)
Authors: Yamashita Toshinari , Masuda Norikazu , Saji Shigehira , Araki Kazuhiro , Ito Yoshinori , Takano Toshimi , Takahashi Masato , Tsurutani Junji , Koizumi Kei , Kitada Masahiro , Kojima Yasuyuki , Sagara Yasuaki , Tada Hiroshi , Iwasa Tsutomu , Kadoya Takayuki , Iwatani Tsuguo , Hasegawa Hiroki , Morita Satoshi , Ohno Shinji 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Trastuzumab (Tmab), pertuzumab (Pmab), and taxane has been a standard first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic human epidermal growth factor (HER2)-positive breast cancer (HER2+ mBC) but has some safety issues due to taxane-induced toxicities. This has led to ongoing efforts to seek less toxic alternatives to taxanes that are equally effective when used in combination with Tmab plus Pmab. This study aims to show the non-inferiority of eribulin, a non-taxane microtubule inhibitor, against taxane, as a partner for dual HER2 blockade.

Methods/design
This multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, phase III study will involve a total of 480 Japanese women with HER2+ mBC who meet the following requirements: (1) age 20–70 years; (2) no prior cytotoxic chemotherapy (excluding trastuzumab-emtansine) for mBC; (3) ≥ 6 months after prior neoadjuvant or adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy; (4) presence of any radiologically evaluable lesion; (5) left ventricular ejection fraction ≥ 50%; (6) Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of 0 or 1; (7) adequate organ function; and (8) life expectancy of at least 6 months. They will be randomized 1:1 to receive eribulin (1.4 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8) or taxane (docetaxel 75 mg/m2 on day 1 or paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15) in combination with Tmab (8 mg/kg then 6 mg/kg) plus Pmab (840 mg then 420 mg) on day 1 of each 21-day cycle. The treatment will be continued until disease progression or unmanageable toxicity. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival as per investigator according to RECIST v1.1 criteria. Key secondary endpoints include objective response rate, overall survival, quality of life and safety. Non-inferiority will be tested with two margins of 1.33 and 1.25 in a stepwise manner. If non-inferiority is shown with a margin of 1.25, superiority will then be tested.

Discussion
If this study shows the non-inferiority, or even superiority, of Tmab, Pmab, and eribulin against the existing taxane-containing regimen, this new regimen may become a standard first- or second-line treatment option for HER2+ mBC in Japan.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03264547. Registered on 28 June 2017.
Bidirectional association between metabolic syndrome and osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Liu Sheng-Yao , Zhu Wen-Ting , Chen Bin-Wei , Chen Yuan-Hong , Ni Guo-Xin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Emerging observational studies suggest an association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and osteoarthritis (OA). This meta-analysis was conducted to examine whether or not there is a bidirectional relationship between MetS and OA.

Methods
The PubMed and Embase databases were searched from their inception to October 2019. We selected studies according to predefined criteria. Random effects were selected to calculate two sets of pooled risk estimates: MetS predicting OA and OA predicting MetS.

Results
A total of seven cross-sectional studies and four cohort studies met the criteria for MetS predicting the onset of OA. Another six cross-sectional studies and one cohort study met the criteria for OA predicting the onset of MetS. The pooled odds risk (OR) for OA incidences associated with baseline MetS was 1.45 (95% CI 1.27–1.66). The OR for MetS incidences associated with baseline OA was 1.90 (95% CI 1.11–3.27). In an overall analysis, we found that MetS was associated with prevalent OA in both cross-sectional studies (OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.21–1.44) and cohort studies (OR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.29–2.42). No indication of heterogeneity was found in the cross-sectional studies (p = 0.395, I2 = 4.8%), whereas substantial heterogeneity was detected in the cohort studies (p = 0.000, I2 = 79.3%).

Conclusion
Meta-analysis indicated a bidirectional association between MetS and OA. We advise that patients with MetS should monitor their OA status early and carefully, and vice versa.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: The construction of hierarchical network model and wireless activation diffusion optimization model in English teaching
Authors: Yu Yang , Tang Yan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWireless communication plays an important role in modern higher education. This paper first analyzes the storage mechanism and data structure of the hierarchical network model, then fits the time series of user behavior attribute data, and uses the information-filtering algorithm to filter the interference information and redundant information in the social network. The feature extraction of association rules applies fuzzy data clustering to the mining and clustering of relational data in hierarchical networks. The simulation results show that the algorithm model has high accuracy and reliability and improves the ability of deep mining in English teaching.
On the John–Nirenberg inequality
Authors: Pak Hee Chul 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe present a version of the John–Nirenberg inequality for a sub-class of BMO by estimating the corresponding mean oscillating distribution function via dyadic decomposition. The dominating functions are of the form of decreasing step functions which are finer than the classical exponential functions and might be much more efficient for some sophisticated analysis. We also prove that the modified BMO-norm is equivalent to the classical BMO-norm under the convexity assumption.
Kamenev and Philos-types oscillation criteria for fourth-order neutral differential equations
Authors: Bazighifan Omar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis work is concerned with the oscillatory behavior of solutions of fourth-order neutral differential equations. By using the Riccati transformation and integral averaging techniques we obtain some new Kamenev-type and Philos-type oscillation criteria. Our results extend and improve some known results in the literature. An example is given to illustrate our main results.
Revisiting the power of reinsertion for optimal targets of network attack
Authors: Fan Changjun , Zeng Li , Feng Yanghe , Xiu Baoxin , Huang Jincai , Liu Zhong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUnderstanding and improving the robustness of networks has significant applications in various areas, such as bioinformatics, transportation, critical infrastructures, and social networks. Recently, there has been a large amount of work on network dismantling, which focuses on removing an optimal set of nodes to break the network into small components with sub-extensive sizes. However, in our experiments, we found these state-of-the-art methods, although seemingly different, utilize the same refinement technique, namely reinsertion, to improve the performance. Despite being mentioned with understatement, the technique essentially plays the key role in the final performance. Without reinsertion, the current best method would deteriorate worse than the simplest heuristic ones; while with reinsertion, even the random removal strategy achieves on par with the best results. As a consequence, we, for the first time, systematically revisit the power of reinsertion in network dismantling problems. We re-implemented and compared 10 heuristic and approximate competing methods on both synthetic networks generated by four classical network models, and 18 real-world networks which cover seven different domains with varying scales. The comprehensive ablation results show that: i) HBA (High Betweenness Adaption, no reinsertion) is the most effective network dismantling strategy, however, it can only be applicable in small scale networks; ii) HDA (High Degree Adaption, with reinsertion) achieves the best balance between effectiveness and efficiency; iii) The reinsertion techniques help improve the performance for most current methods; iv) The one, which adds back the node based on that it joins the clusters minimizing the multiply of both numbers and sizes, is the most effective reinsertion strategy for most methods. Our results can be a survey reference to help further understand the current methods and thereafter design the better ones.
Vegetation and ecosystem carbon recovery following shifting cultivation in Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin rainforest eco-region, Southern Asia
Authors: Gogoi Anudip , Sahoo Uttam Kumar , Saikia Hemanta 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Shifting cultivation (locally known as “jhum”) is a major driver of deforestation and loss of ecosystem services in rainforests. For developing any effective conservation of biodiversity and carbon service program, an in-depth understanding to the recovery of vegetation and carbon after abandonment of jhum is essential. We estimated species richness, abundance and composition of trees, shrubs and herbs, carbon distribution in aboveground and belowground components along a chronosequence of jhum fallow in northeast India, and elucidated the factors affecting the recovery processes of jhum fallows.

Methods
Species composition and other plant community attributes, carbon storage in different pools were studied in 5 jhum fallows (< 5, 5–10, 11–15, 16–20, 21–25 years old) and an old-growth forest. The data were subjected to linear mixed effect modeling using R-package “nlme” for identifying the important factors contributing to the recovery of vegetation and carbon.

Results
Species composition varied significantly (P < 0.05) between jhum fallows and old-growth forest. Tree density varied from 28 stems ha−1 in 5 years old jhum fallow to 163 stems ha−1 in old-growth forest. Both biomass carbon in all components and soil organic carbon were significantly (P = 0.01) lower in jhum fallows than in the old-growth forest except living non-woody biomass component. The recovery of aboveground biomass carbon was faster during early successive years than the mid-successive jhum fallows. Total ecosystem carbon and soil organic carbon stock in the oldest jhum fallow was 33% and 62% of those in the old-growth forest, respectively. The fallow age was found to be the most important explanatory factor in the recovery process of vegetation and carbon stock in re-growing fallows.

Conclusion
The shifting cultivation fallows gradually recovered both vegetation and carbon and are potential repository sites for biodiversity conservation, which may take much longer time to reach up to old-growth forest in northeast India.
Common biochemical properties of metabolic genes recurrently dysregulated in tumors
Authors: Oruganty Krishnadev , Campit Scott Edward , Mamde Sainath , Lyssiotis Costas A. , Chandrasekaran Sriram 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Tumor initiation and progression are associated with numerous metabolic alterations. However, the biochemical drivers and constraints that contribute to metabolic gene dysregulation are unclear.

Methods
Here, we present MetOncoFit, a computational model that integrates 142 metabolic features that can impact tumor fitness, including enzyme catalytic activity, pathway association, network topology, and reaction flux. MetOncoFit uses genome-scale metabolic modeling and machine-learning to quantify the relative importance of various metabolic features in predicting cancer metabolic gene expression, copy number variation, and survival data.

Results
Using MetOncoFit, we performed a meta-analysis of 9 cancer types and over 4500 samples from TCGA, Prognoscan, and COSMIC tumor databases. MetOncoFit accurately predicted enzyme differential expression and its impact on patient survival using the 142 attributes of metabolic enzymes. Our analysis revealed that enzymes with high catalytic activity were frequently upregulated in many tumors and associated with poor survival. Topological analysis also identified specific metabolites that were hot spots of dysregulation.

Conclusions
MetOncoFit integrates a broad range of datasets to understand how biochemical and topological features influence metabolic gene dysregulation across various cancer types. MetOncoFit was able to achieve significantly higher accuracy in predicting differential expression, copy number variation, and patient survival than traditional modeling approaches. Overall, MetOncoFit illuminates how enzyme activity and metabolic network architecture influences tumorigenesis.
Enhanced numerical integration scheme based on image-compression techniques: application to fictitious domain methods
Authors: Petö Márton , Duvigneau Fabian , Eisenträger Sascha 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn the present work, we propose a new approach, the so-called compressed adaptive integration scheme (C-AIS), for the computation of the stiffness and mass matrices in fictitious domain methods requiring the integration of discontinuous functions. The novel approach extends the conventional quadtree-decomposition-based adaptive integration scheme (AIS) by an additional step, in which established image-compression techniques are exploited to decrease the number of integration sub-cells. The benefits of the C-AIS are manifold: First, the compression of the sub-cells inevitably leads to significant savings in terms of computational time required by the numerical integration. Second, the compression procedure, which is executed directly after the quadtree-decomposition algorithm, can be easily included in existing codes. Third, if applied to polynomial integrands, the C-AIS yields exactly the same accuracy as the conventional AIS. Finally, the fourth advantage is seen in the fact that the C-AIS can readily be combined with other approaches seeking a reduction of the number of integration points such as the Boolean-FCM. The efficiency of the C-AIS approach is presented in the context of the FCM based on Cartesian meshes applied to problems of linear elastostatics and modal analysis, while it is also suitable for the quadrature in other fictitious domain approaches, e.g., CutFEM and cgFEM.