bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internal hernia beneath superior vesical artery after pelvic lymphadenectomy for cervical cancer: a case report and literature review
Authors: Ai Wen , Liang Zhihua , Li Feng , Yu Haihua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
The common complications of radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy usually include wound infection, hemorrhage or hematomas, lymphocele, uretheral injury, ileus and incisional hernias. However, internal hernia secondary to the orifice associated with the uncovered vessels after pelvic lymphadenectomy is very rare.

Case presentation
We report a case of internal hernia with intestinal perforation beneath the superior vesical artery that occurred one month after laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy for cervical cancer. A partial ileum resection was performed and the right superior vesical artery was transected to prevent recurrence of the internal hernia.

Conclusions
Retroperitonealization after the pelvic lymphadenectomy should be considered in patients with tortuous, elongated arteries which could be causal lesions of an internal hernia.
Assessment and treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in women: development of a questionnaire based on a qualitative study of patient expectations in secondary care
Authors: Pat J. J. , Aart T. v. d. , Steffens M. G. , Witte L. P. W. , Blanker M. H. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
To develop a questionnaire to facilitate the inventorying of women’s expectations for the assessment and treatment of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) in secondary care.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted among women with recurrent UTI referred to our urology department. The interviews were conducted by one interviewer, recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically by two researchers. We first developed 35 questions to identify potential themes, and we then tested them among women with and without recurrent UTI. Changes were made according to the feedback received.

Results
Six interviews were conducted before saturation was reached. Thematic analysis identified three themes: patient pathway, personal knowledge, and social implications. All respondents had received multiple antibiotic courses but no prophylactic antibiotic therapy, and although all were aware of some preventive measures, they wanted more information about their disease. However, some women were afraid to access information for fear of what they might learn. Recurrent UTI also significantly affected the daily lives all respondents. Some women expressed fears over frequent antibiotic use, and others felt that there must be something wrong with their body to have so many UTIs. Women expected the urologist to provide an explanation and to start adequate therapy for their recurrent UTI. We created a 32-item questionnaire based on these themes

Conclusion
This study not only developed a questionnaire for use when assessing patient expectations of recurrent UTI management in secondary care but also provided novel insights into the thoughts, opinions, and expectations of women who are referred.
A Pan-Canadian narrative review on the protocols for reopening dental services during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Brondani Mario , Cua Denise , Maragha Tala , Shayanfar Melody , Mathu-Muju Kavita , von Bergmann HsingChi , Almeida Fernanda , Villanueva Jeannie , Alvarado Alexis Armando Vides , Learey Stephen , Donnelly Leeann 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is impacting the way in which dental services are provided. The aim of this narrative review was twofold: to summarize key areas from the Canadian protocols available for the reopening and restructuring of dental services across the country and to critically review these protocols based on existing evidence. A narrative review of the existing Canadian protocols, written in English and French, was undertaken between April 15 and July 13, 2020. The protocols were obtained by searching through regulatory bodies and websites from professional organizations, and from personal contacts through academic institutions and policy leaders. The data extraction form focused only on protocols related to dentistry, and the information was compiled by a hired assistant. Content was categorized via group discussions with the research team on eight areas: office management and procedures, patient and staff screening, treatment procedures, office layout, risk reduction, personal protective equipment, supporting information, and length and readability. Thirteen protocols were identified and offered substantial variation in the level of details provided. All but two protocols specified proper donning/doffing of personal protective equipment, while all protocols recommended daily monitoring of COVID-19 related signs and symptoms in staff and patients. They varied in terms of recommended mask types, eye and face shield protection, and head coverings. While all protocols aimed at restructuring emergency dental services, their recommendations were often not based on the published evidence. This narrative review summarized key areas from 13 provincial and territorial protocols in Canada to help oral health care providers plan the reopening of their services. The information conveyed across all documents was clear, but variance highlights the need for a coordinated effort to develop an evidence-based document for dental practitioners.
Estimating malaria incidence from routine health facility-based surveillance data in Uganda
Authors: Epstein Adrienne , Namuganga Jane Frances , Kamya Emmanuel Victor , Nankabirwa Joaniter I. , Bhatt Samir , Rodriguez-Barraquer Isabel , Staedke Sarah G. , Kamya Moses R. , Dorsey Grant , Greenhouse Bryan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Accurate measures of malaria incidence are essential to track progress and target high-risk populations. While health management information system (HMIS) data provide counts of malaria cases, quantifying the denominator for incidence using these data is challenging because catchment areas and care-seeking behaviours are not well defined. This study’s aim was to estimate malaria incidence using HMIS data by adjusting the population denominator accounting for travel time to the health facility.

Methods
Outpatient data from two public health facilities in Uganda (Kihihi and Nagongera) over a 3-year period (2011–2014) were used to model the relationship between travel time from patient village of residence (available for each individual) to the facility and the relative probability of attendance using Poisson generalized additive models. Outputs from the model were used to generate a weighted population denominator for each health facility and estimate malaria incidence. Among children aged 6 months to 11 years, monthly HMIS-derived incidence estimates, with and without population denominators weighted by probability of attendance, were compared with gold standard measures of malaria incidence measured in prospective cohorts.

Results
A total of 48,898 outpatient visits were recorded across the two sites over the study period. HMIS incidence correlated with cohort incidence over time at both study sites (correlation in Kihihi = 0.64, p < 0.001; correlation in Nagongera = 0.34, p = 0.045). HMIS incidence measures with denominators unweighted by probability of attendance underestimated cohort incidence aggregated over the 3 years in Kihihi (0.5 cases per person-year (PPY) vs 1.7 cases PPY) and Nagongera (0.3 cases PPY vs 3.0 cases PPY). HMIS incidence measures with denominators weighted by probability of attendance were closer to cohort incidence, but remained underestimates (1.1 cases PPY in Kihihi and 1.4 cases PPY in Nagongera).

Conclusions
Although malaria incidence measured using HMIS underestimated incidence measured in cohorts, even when adjusting for probability of attendance, HMIS surveillance data are a promising and scalable source for tracking relative changes in malaria incidence over time, particularly when the population denominator can be estimated by incorporating information on village of residence.
What is the minimum response rate on patient-reported outcome measures needed to adequately evaluate total hip arthroplasties?
Authors: Pronk Yvette , van der Weegen Walter , Vos Rein , Brinkman Justus-Martijn , van Heerwaarden Ronald Johannes , Pilot Peter 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Unknown is which response rate on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) is needed to both obtain an accurate outcome and ensure generalizability in evaluating total hip arthroplasty (THA) procedures. Without an evidence based minimum response rate (MRR) on THA PROMs, it is possible that hospitals report invalid patient-reported outcomes (PROs) due to a too low response rate. Alternatively, hospitals may invest too much in achieving an unnecessary high response rate. The aim of this study is to gain an insight into the MRR on PROMs needed to adequately evaluate THA procedures from a clinical perspective.

Methods
Retrospective study on prospective collected data of primary, elective THA procedures was performed. MRR was investigated for each PROM (NRS pain at rest, NRS pain during activity, EQ-5D-3L, HOOS-PS, anchor function, OHS, anchor pain and NRS satisfaction) separately to calculate the primary outcome: MRR for the THA PROMs set. MRR on a PROM needed to have (condition 1.) similar PRO change score (3 month score minus preoperative score) including confidence interval, (condition 2.) maintaining the influence of each change score predictor and (condition 3.) equal distribution of each predictor, as those of a 100% PROM response rate group. Per PROM, a 100%-group was identified with all patients having the PRO change score. Randomly assessed groups of 90% till 10% response rate (in total 90 groups) were compared with the 100%-group. Linear mixed model analyses and linear regressions were executed.

Results
The MRR for the THA PROMs set was 100% (range: 70–100% per PROM). The first condition resulted in a MRR of 60%, the second condition in a MRR of 100% and the third condition in a MRR of 10%.

Conclusions
A 100% response rate on PROMs is needed in order to adequately evaluate THA procedures from a clinical perspective. All stakeholders using THA PROs should be aware that 100% of the THA patients should respond on both preoperative and 3 month postoperative PROMs. For now, taking the first step in improving evaluation of THA for quality control by achieving at least two of the three conditions of MRR, advised is to require a response rate on PROMs of 60% as the lower limit.
The Tetracentron genome provides insight into the early evolution of eudicots and the formation of vessel elements
Authors: Liu Ping-Li , Zhang Xi , Mao Jian-Feng , Hong Yan-Ming , Zhang Ren-Gang , E Yilan , Nie Shuai , Jia Kaihua , Jiang Chen-Kun , He Jian , Shen Weiwei , He Qizouhong , Zheng Wenqing , Abbas Samar , Jewaria Pawan Kumar , Tian Xuechan , Liu Chang-jun , Jiang Xiaomei , Yin Yafang , Liu Bo , Wang Li , Jin Biao , Ma Yongpeng , Qiu Zongbo , Baluška František , Šamaj Jozef , He Xinqiang , Niu Shihui , Xie Jianbo , Xie Lei , Xu Huimin , Kong Hongzhi , Ge Song , Dixon Richard A. , Jiao Yuannian , Lin Jinxing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Tetracentron sinense is an endemic and endangered deciduous tree. It belongs to the Trochodendrales, one of four early diverging lineages of eudicots known for having vesselless secondary wood. Sequencing and resequencing of the T. sinense genome will help us understand eudicot evolution, the genetic basis of tracheary element development, and the genetic diversity of this relict species.

Results
Here, we report a chromosome-scale assembly of the T. sinense genome. We assemble the 1.07 Gb genome sequence into 24 chromosomes and annotate 32,690 protein-coding genes. Phylogenomic analyses verify that the Trochodendrales and core eudicots are sister lineages and showed that two whole-genome duplications occurred in the Trochodendrales approximately 82 and 59 million years ago. Synteny analyses suggest that the γ event, resulting in paleohexaploidy, may have only happened in core eudicots. Interestingly, we find that vessel elements are present in T. sinense, which has two orthologs of AtVND7, the master regulator of vessel formation. T. sinense also has several key genes regulated by or regulating TsVND7.2 and their regulatory relationship resembles that in Arabidopsis thaliana. Resequencing and population genomics reveals high levels of genetic diversity of T. sinense and identifies four refugia in China.

Conclusions
The T. sinense genome provides a unique reference for inferring the early evolution of eudicots and the mechanisms underlying vessel element formation. Population genomics analysis of T. sinense reveals its genetic diversity and geographic structure with implications for conservation.
Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) fiber-based vaccine against inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) provides type-specific protection guided by humoral immunity and regulation of B and T cell response
Authors: De Luca Carlotta , Schachner Anna , Mitra Taniya , Heidl Sarah , Liebhart Dieter , Hess Michael 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA recombinant fowl adenovirus (FAdV) fiber protein, derived from a FAdV-8a strain, was tested for its efficacy to protect chickens against inclusion body hepatitis (IBH). FAdV-E field isolates belonging to both a homotypic (FAdV-8a) and heterotypic (-8b) serotype were used as challenge. Mechanisms underlying fiber-induced protective immunity were investigated by fiber-based ELISA, virus neutralization assays and flow cytometry of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, monitoring the temporal developments of humoral and cellular responses after vaccination and challenge exposure. Birds were clinically protected from the homologous challenge and showed a significant reduction of viral load in investigated target organs, whereas fiber-based immunity failed to counteract the heterologous serotype infection. These findings were supported in vitro by the strictly type-specific neutralizing activity of fiber immune sera. In protected birds, fiber vaccination prevented a post-challenge drop of peripheral B cells in blood. Furthermore, fiber immunization stimulated CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferation while moderating the CD8α+ T cell response and prevented challenge-induced changes in systemic monocytes/macrophages and γδ+ T cell subpopulations. Both vaccinated and adjuvant-only injected birds experienced a priming of systemic B cells and TCRγδ+ T lymphocytes, which masked possible pre-challenge effects due to the antigen. In conclusion, within FAdV-E, recombinant fiber represents a vaccine candidate to control the adverse effects of homotypic infection by eliciting an effective humoral immunity and regulating B and T cell response, whereas the failure of heterotypic protection suggests a primordial role of humoral immunity for this vaccine.
Thyroid Hormone and Deiodination in Innate Immune Cells
Authors: van der Spek Anne H , Fliers Eric , Boelen Anita 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Thyroid hormone has recently been recognized as an important determinant of innate immune cell function. Highly specialized cells of the innate immune system, including neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and dendritic cells, are capable of identifying pathogens and initiating an inflammatory response. They can either phagocytose and kill microbes, or recruit other innate or adaptive immune cells to the site of inflammation. Innate immune cells derive from the hematopoietic lineage and are generated in the bone marrow, from where they can be recruited into the blood and tissues in the case of infection. The link between the immune and endocrine systems is increasingly well established, and recent studies have shown that innate immune cells can be seen as important thyroid hormone target cells. Tight regulation of cellular thyroid hormone availability and action is performed by thyroid hormone transporters, receptors, and the deiodinase enzymes. Innate immune cells express all these molecular elements of intracellular thyroid hormone metabolism. Interestingly, there is recent evidence for a causal relationship between cellular thyroid hormone status and innate immune cell function. This review describes the effects of modulation of intracellular thyroid hormone metabolism on innate immune cell function, specifically neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells, with a special focus on the deiodinase enzymes. Although there are insufficient data at this stage for conclusions on the clinical relevance of these findings, thyroid hormone metabolism may partially determine the innate immune response and, by inference, the clinical susceptibility to infections.
The challenges of radioiodine treatment for incontinent paediatric patients with complex care needs
Authors: Dickinson Nathan , Poveda Jennifer , Greaves Claire , Kalirai Charnie , Smith Rachel 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
A thyrotoxic paediatric patient with incontinence, autism and Down’s syndrome was referred for radioiodine therapy. Here, the risk assessment methodology and measures taken to deliver a legally compliant treatment that was acceptable to the family are described.

Methods:
Prior risk assessment indicated that the most active incontinence waste would require decay storage until it could be transported for disposal. The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) indicated that school staff would be occupationally exposed under the Ionising Radiations Regulations (2017) based on the patient’s retained activity. To avoid the need for HSE registration, it was advised that the patient’s return to school may need to be delayed slightly. Post-treatment, confirmatory waste and patient dose rate measurements were made to refine the advised time scales.

Results:
Domestic waste disposal resumed at 28 days. The patient recommenced schooling a few days after their school reopened after the summer break. The school underwent HSE notification.

Conclusion:
Careful planning allowed us to provide a safe, compliant treatment regarding waste management and occupational exposure.

Advances in knowledge:
Incontinent 131I outpatient treatments require detailed, patient specific waste management. The HSE considered school staff as occupationally exposed by the patient well after normal social restrictions had ended.
“La patria somos todos”: trayectorias y disputas narrativas sobre ser emigrante en Cuba
Authors: Rodríguez Santos Deborah , Cogo Denise 
Published: December 2020

El artículo estudia la construcción de la figura del emigrante cubano a través de las narrativas producidas por el Estado y el gobierno de Cuba desde 1959 hasta la actualidad. Por medio del análisis de documentos oficiales y manifestaciones recientes del gobierno cubano en las plataformas digitales Twitter y Facebook, reflexionamos sobre cómo esos discursos experimentaron un desplazamiento que fue de la consolidación del emigrante como opositor en el imaginario colectivo cubano a la adopción, más recientemente, de una política de integración de la diáspora a la nación por parte del gobierno de la isla. Argumentamos que de los años noventa en adelante la propia retórica oficial que extrajo simbólicamente a la diáspora de la unidad nacional pasó a adoptar estrategias de reconciliación con sus emigrados, en especial, por medio de una reconfiguración discursiva que se hace perceptible recientemente en canales oficiales del Estado cubano en las redes sociales, como Twitter y Facebook. Ocurre entonces una resignificación de la figura del emigrado cubano que va de la diferenciación hacia la integración con la nación, aunque todavía marcada por límites ideológicos claros que definen el perfil de emigrante con el cual el país se propone la reconciliación.
Monitoring cardiovascular disease risk in individuals with severe mental illness in an inpatient mental health setting: a secondary data analysis
Authors: Mwebe Herbert P , Volante Margaret , Weaver Tim 
Published: December 2020

Background/Aims Life expectancy in people with lived experience of mental health conditions is reduced by up to 25 years; this is from preventable physical medical comorbidities and multi-morbidities such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers and smoking-related lung disease. Two-thirds of these deaths are avoidable if people with severe mental illness are offered prompt physical screening checks and monitoring. The aim of this article was to explore barriers to the management of cardiovascular disease risk on inpatient wards and make recommendations in relation to cardiovascular disease risk management in people with severe mental illness. Methods A structured MS Excel extraction data tool informed by best practice guidance was developed and used to extract electronic patient data on screening and monitoring of cardiovascular disease risk factors (blood pressure, smoking, alcohol, lipids, body mass index/weight, blood glucose level) across 10 inpatient psychiatric wards within one London mental health trust. A target sample of 245 electronic records of patients with severe mental illness discharged between 25 August 2018 and 13 February 2019 with length of inpatient stay >40 days was examined. Simple random sampling (MS Excel random number generator) was used to select a final sample of 120 electronic records. All the included samples had been prescribed psychotropic medication. Results Regarding patient demographics, there was an inverse correlation with age, with a greater proportion of inpatients being of a younger age: 51% aged 18–39 years compared with 14% aged 60–79 years. The study found an average of 71% compliance of the documentation of data on all individual parameters (smoking, alcohol, body mass index, blood pressure, serum glucose, serum lipids, electrocardiogram) at baseline. Results showed an average of 79% compliance for monitoring review at least once across the parameters within 3 months of admission. Conclusions It is recommended as a minimum for individuals with severe mental illness under the care of mental health services and/or taking psychotropic medication to have regular cardiometabolic risk assessment and management of risk at the point of entry into services and a review for weight, waist circumference, blood glucose checks, lipid profile, blood pressure, lifestyle choice behaviours and personal assessment of cardiovascular disease. Although progress is being made across provider services to implement the above, gaps in practice are still evident, as demonstrated in these findings.
COVID-19 and its effect on the nursing team in primary care
Authors: Brennan Anne-Marie , Willcox Rebecca 
Published: December 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic changed how care was organised in general practice. Anne-Marie Brennan and Rebecca Willcox explain how a ‘cold hub' was set up in their primary care network and the challenges the nursing team faced The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way general practice is organised. A significant proportion of care is now managed over the telephone or via video consultation. However, some patients need to be seen face-to-face and many nursing tasks need to be completed in person. In our local area, hot and cold hubs were set up for face-to-face contact with patients. This article describes how Lewisham and our primary care network (PCN) activated the local COVID-19 plan, the challenges the nursing team faced, and how many of these were overcome.
Expatriate Managers: The Paradoxes of Living and Working Abroad, Anna Spiegel, Ursula Mense-Petermann and Bastian Bredenkötter (2019)
Authors: Hof Helena 
Published: December 2020

Review of: Expatriate Managers: The Paradoxes of Living and Working Abroad, Anna Spiegel, Ursula Mense-Petermann and Bastian Bredenkötter (2019)
New York: Routledge, 242 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-13819-021-4, h/bk, £115