bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of water quality and fluorescence measurements of dissolved organic matter in Cabuyao river and its tributaries using excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy
Authors: Cadondon J G , Napal J P D , Abe K , De Lara R , Vallar E A , Orbecido A H , Belo L P , Galvez M C D 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Laguna lake is an important natural resource that provides agricultural and other uses such as transportation, recreation, and irrigation. Due to rapid changes in the land use near the west region of Laguna lake, surface water quality measurements are necessary. Using excitation-emission fluorescence spectroscopy, the optical characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in Cabuyao river were assessed. There are six sampling sites based on inflow and outflow of water from Cabuyao river and its tributaries. 3D excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) using Surfer v16 was utilized in the assessment of protein-like and humic-like fluorescence peaks. It was observed that the differences in the EEMs provided DOM composition, and its origin. A fluorescence index of approximately 1.18 showed that most of the samples are terrestrial in origin. In-situ water quality measurements such as dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, and electrical conductivity. Hence, this study provides preliminary information on the possible use of fluorescence EEMs in providing DOM composition in natural waters.
Multiarmed spiral waves generated by periodic stimuli in excitable systems
Authors: Luengviriya Jiraporn , Sutthiopad Malee , Kanchanawarin Jarin , Luengviriya Chaiya 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Rotating spiral waves occur in different excitable systems. They also play an important role in the human health since the spiral waves of electrical signals correspond to some cardiac arrhythmia like tachycardia and fibrillations. Pinning of a spiral wave is found to stabilize extreme conditions such as the superconductivity and the superfluidity and it also causes longer cardiac arrhythmia. Multiarmed spiral waves are multiple spiral arms rotating in the same direction around a common center. In heart, they are expected to be seriously dangerous since the wave frequency increases with the number of spiral arms. In this article, we present a partition method with periodic stimuli to generate multiarmed spiral waves pinned to a circular obstacle. Periodic stimuli applied on one side of a thin line partition ignite multiple waves with large distances between them so only a few wave fronts can be distributed around the obstacle and subsequently result in multiarmed spiral waves with a few arms after the removal of the partition. In contrast, Periodic stimuli on both two sides of the partition create waves with smaller distances between them and more wave fronts can fit around the obstacle boundary. Therefore, multiarmed spiral waves with more arms can be generated using the latter method.
Quantitative image analysis to identify the feasible areas of rice straw biomass VSPP power plant at provincial level, Thailand
Authors: Sansiribhan Sansanee , Rattanathanaophat Anusorn 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The studying the feasible potential areas for rice straw power plants with a capacity of less than 10 MWe of a provincial level propose in this work. The potential area for producing electric energy was analyzed using the Image technique. An imaging technique assess based on the technical and economic feasibility of potential areas, i.e., transportation, water supply and the 22 kV grid connection system of Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA). The results showed the geographic distribution of the potential location of rice straw biomass at the feasible areas in the case of Nakhon Sawan province. It also found that Nakhon Sawan province has very high potential of rice straw biomass for power plant total capacity of 41.1 MWe, especially, the areas within the collection rice straw radius of 25 km, i.e., Banphot Phisai district and Tha Tako district in Nakhon Sawan province have the available surplus rice straw residues for power generation with capacity of 8.3 MWe and 5.4 MWe, respectively. Moreover, two districts are thus proposed to the suitable locations for rice straw power plant construction. The suitable areas of Banphot Phisai district and Tha Tako district were around 362.47 km2 and 206.71 km2, respectively.
Transformations from standard photometric systems to the Gaia passbands
Authors: Ritter A , Huang C 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Aims. Provide a transformation from the standard photometric filters to Gaia G, GBP and GRP
passbands. Methods. The relations between the standard photometric filters in the Johnson-Cousins UBV RC IC
photometric system, the SDSS ugriz system, and the Gaia passbands were fitted with up to third order polynomials for dwarfs and giants individually. Results. At least for the Gaia GBP
passband the Johnson-Cousins filter are better suited for a reliable prediction. No improvement is seen for higher than third order polynomial fits for any of the performed transformations. Conclusions. The provided dependencies amongst colours can be used to transform the apparent magnitudes in the B, V, RC
, and SDSS griz passbands to Gaia G, GBP
, and GBR
photometry, allowing for a comparison of the Gaia survey to models of the Galaxy and to previous large surveys.
Morphological impact of low-energy Xe+ irradiation on polycrystalline titanium targets
Authors: Garcia M A , Gago R , Esteban-Mendoza D , Cuerno R , Rickards J 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Low energy (1-keV) Xe+ irradiation at different incidence angles (α) has been performed on pure polycrystalline Ti pellets at room temperature. The ion current was set between 110 and 200 μA cm−2 (ion flux ∼ 7-12 ×1014 ions cm−2 s−1). Changes of the surface morphology were characterized ex-situ with scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Ion bombardment induces a significant surface roughening, with a complex morphology due to the polycrystalline nature of the targets. For α ≤ 60°, ripple nanostructures appear within a long-range roughening. The ripple domains present a short-range order, with no orientation coherence between different domains or with respect to the ion beam. For α = 70°, large pillar-like structures appear aligned with respect to the ion beam. Finally, at gracing incidence (α = 80°), a smooth surface emerges with shallow ripples oriented parallel to the ion beam. The observed features can be interpreted as the result from the interplay between transport and erosion mechanisms, which are modulated by the initial material microstructure (grain and crystal size). Finally, the surfaces become more hydrophobic after ion irradiation, which can be exploited for biomedical applications.
TiO2 Nanotube Array Prepared by Anodization in Aqueous Electrolyte Containing Sodium Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose
Authors: Saputri L N M Z , Gunlazuardi J 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
TiO2 nanotubes arrays (TNTAs) were produced on titanium foil by electro oxidation (anodization) based on aqueous electrolyte containing sodium carboxyl methylcellulose (Na-CMC) at various concentration and the applied anodization potential. In aqueous electrolyte, the concentration of Na-CMC showed significant influence in the formation of TiO2 nanotubes. While little effect from the anodization potential was observed. The TNTAs, with very good nanotubes array morphology and photocurrent generation was successfully obtained under aqueous electrolyte containing 0.5% NH4F and 2 % Na-CMC. This obtained TNTAs films has slightly different inner tube diameter when prepared under different anodization voltages, these are 52 ± 4,08, 80 ± 3,48, and 79 ± 4,01 nm respected to 15, 20, 25 V applied potential, respectively. The best photocatalytic activity of TNTAs was observed on the TNTAs film that was prepared under 20 V, whereas this TNTAs film has biggest porosity (41.14 %) and smallest space depletion layer (4.34 nm) compare to other prepared TNTAs film. This result confirms that, narrower of the depletion layer, the separation of the charge on the surface of TNTAs and electrolytes will increase, thus the efficiency of photo conversion increases. Preparation of TNAs by anodization in aqueous electrolyte containing Na-CMC can be an alternative way that meet the environmentally friendly nature, in contrast to those current common way which is using an organic electrolyte.
The theoretical study of Cs/O absorption on Ga0.9375Mg0.0625N (0001) surface: A first principle calculation
Authors: Ren S S , Ma J , Fu X Q , Yang M Z , Zhao H 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn order to theoretically study the adsorption process of GaN photocathode, the adsorption model on Ga0.9375Mg0.0625N is established. Then, the adsorption energy, work function, mullikeen charge distribution and density of states on the surface of (2×2) Ga0.9375Mg0.0625N(0001)calculate are calculated by first principle on CASTEP. By comparing the adsorption energy of Cs on N atom, surface centrality and Mg atom, the result shows that adsorption is the most stable on Mg atom. The Cs/O absorption model on Mg atom is mainly researched, according to analysis the properties of different computing results for different adsorption models, it is found that they are in accordance with the changing trend of the experiment. This provides a theoretical basis for the study of the experiment.
Strain enhanced inplane ferroelectricity in few layer SnS
Authors: Du Yudou 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Two dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) like MoS2, WTe2 have brought widespread attention as their novel 2D confined properties and applications in nano devices. Among them, SnS draws people’s attention as the rise of inplane ferroelectricity study. Using first principle DFT calculation, we find the structure shrinking more flatten when monolayer SnS isolated from its bulk matrix. Our result shows that monolayer SnS is much flexible with elastic modulus about 4.4 GPa. The size of the band gap can be tuned from 0.06eV to 0.11 eV by strain. Under positive armchair strain/negative zigzag strain there is even a band gap transition between direct and indirect, which can be applied in PL control. And the born effective charge for strained monolayer SnS can be tuned up to 10% by 5% strain, indicating the great tunability in monolayer SnS. Our results pave the way for further study of controlling the electronic and ferroelectric properties in monolayer SnS and similar inplane FE 2D materials.
Changes of inundation area and water turbidity of Tonle Sap Lake: responses to climate changes or upstream dam construction?
Authors: Wang Ye , Feng Lian , Liu Junguo , Hou Xuejiao , Chen Deliang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Using long-term Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Landsat satellite observations, the inundation changes of Tonle Sap Lake between 1988 and 2018 were investigated. The results show that the inundation area was stable before 2000, followed by a significant shrinking trend between 2000 and 2018. Quantitative remote sensing retrievals for concentrations of the total suspended sediments (TSS) also demonstrate an evident increasing trend (7.92 mg l−1yr−1) since 2000. A strong correlation (R2 = 0.67) was found between the annual mean inundation area and concurrent precipitation in a region located in the lower basin of the Mekong River (mostly outside the drainage basin of Tonle Sap Lake). A multiple general linear model (GLM) regression further pointed to the precipitation variation as a major contributor (76.1%) to the interannual fluctuation of the inundation area, while the dams constructed in China only contributed to 6.9%. The limited impacts of Chinese dams on the inundation area of the lake could be revealed through the limited fraction of water discharge from the Mekong River within China (∼17%). The analysis also found significant impacts of inundation changes on the recent lake turbidity increase in the dry seasons. We clearly revealed that the contribution of dam construction in China to the recent lake shrinkage was insignificant when compared with the impacts of the precipitation decrease. The results of this study provide important scientific evidence for settling water volume-related transboundary disputes regarding the control of the inundation area and water turbidity of Tonle Sap Lake.
Identifying the spatial patterns of housing distribution in Johor Bahru through spatial autocorrelation
Authors: Mohd Sairi N A , Burhan B , Mohd Safian E E 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Everything that has a location in geographic space will naturally generate a spatial pattern either clustered, dispersed or random. A testable assumption in the concept where geographic location matters is Tobler’s First Law of Geography whereas one means for quantifying the law of geography by Tobler is through the measures of spatial autocorrelation. Hence, this study aims to identify the spatial clustering patterns of housing distribution in Johor Bahru by applying spatial autocorrelation methods. Through global spatial autocorrelation analysis, the results depict a high clustering within the housing distribution as the value of Moran’s I is 0.993852 which is highly positive and near to 1. Next, the LISA cluster map had successfully identified individual clusters where the housing characteristics and location characteristics in Skudai and Pasir Gudang are similar to its nearby housing units. However, the housing units in Johor Bahru have dissimilar characteristics of housing and locations with its nearest housing units. Based on this analysis, although the housing distribution indicates a clustering pattern overall, the type of clustering is however, locally different. Apart from that, the results also reflects buyer’s preferences of housing choices through locational characteristics whilst suggesting for possibility of conducting distance matrix for further analysis.
Analyses Water Bodies Effect in Mitigation of Urban Heat Effect: Case Study Small Size Cities Kuching, Sarawak
Authors: Kemarau Ricky Anak , Eboy Oliver Valentine 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
United Nations in 2019 predicted by 2050, approximately 70% of humans will live in urban areas. The development without a proper plan can leading a treat to the environment and increasing the urban heat effect. The urban heat effect is where the condition the temperature in urban areas higher than rural. It becomes highly essential subject areas due to continues urban growth to fulfill the demand of the migration population from rural areas to urban areas. In general, prior work is limited to a subset of urban green space in mitigation of urban heat island. Hence, the effect of water bodies has not studied extensively, particularly in the tropical rainforest climate. Thus, understanding this is a key to uncover the origin of the influence land use/land cover in water bodies’ effects on urban heat effect. For this study, the following critical data from Landsat 5 TM in the year 1988 and Landsat 8 TIR OLI. The first step this studied applied pre-processing, namely geometric correction, radiometric correction, and atmosphere correction. The second stage generates the land surface temperature (LST) for the year 1988 and 2019. The third stage performs 200 samplings, which 100 samplings to north and 100 to the south from Sarawak river. The measurement of LST takes from water bodies following next every 100 meters until it reached 1000 meters. The result did not demonstrate a direct correlation between distance water bodies and LST. The land use and land cover type of active influence on the LST pattern than the distance waterbody effect. However, the distance for water below 200 meters shows a strong relationship between LST. It notable that a close correlation exists between the LST distance of water bodies at this below 200 meters. The effect of the waterbody in reducing the LST at urban heat was active at a distance of 200 meters and below. There were clear benefits to be seen in the mitigation of urban heat islands. The theoretically should provide further interest to urban planners and policymakers to develop sustainable cities.
Spatio-temporal pattern analysis of forest fire event in South Kalimantan using integration remote sensing data and GIS for forest fire disaster mitigation
Authors: Salsabila H N , Sahitya A F , Mahyatar P 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Forest fire is one disaster that can paralyze various human activities, both in land and air, which can reach hundreds of hectares and is routine in Indonesia. Mitigation is important to reduce the number of fires and the impact will not damage the ecosystem. Spatio-temporal analysis can be used to know the pattern of an event in a certain period. This makes it possible to identify the factors of events that affected by time and see the changes that occur on the surface of the earth. Data that are used include remote sensing data of rainfall, peatland, palm oil plantation, land cover, hotspot in certain period that is processed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The methods used include extraction of forest fire event parameter, mapping of hotspot and forest fire parameter, spatio-temporal analysis, forest fire mitigation identification. The extraction result obtained influential parameters, such as land cover, land use, rainfall, climate, river, and road. Structural mitigation such as the construction of canals and ditches can anticipate the spread of fires. Canals can also be used as a control factor for hydrology. Meanwhile, non-structural mitigation can be done through policy planning based on hotspot distribution modelling.
The Integration of Aerial Sensing and Geophysical Techniques to Identify Buried Archaeological Properties in Sungai Batu, Bujang Valley
Authors: Roslan Shairatul Akma , Yakub Fitri , Rambat Shuib , Noor Norzailawati Mohd , Saidin Mokhtar 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The paper investigates the different approaches in identifying the buried archaeological properties by using two different technology platforms which are aerial remote sensing and ground-based physical sensing; geophysical techniques. Aerial remote sensing has exhibited great potential for archaeological observation and detection, contrasting to geophysical measurement which it’s synonymous with geological investigation in Malaysia. On the other hand, by integrating these two platforms, it shows a high potential response depending on the technique apply. Two different perspectives of technology are examined, namely SPOT multispectral remote sensing satellite imagery and geophysical prospection called electric resistivity. In order to determine co-relationships of two variables; several Vegetation Index (satellite datasets) has been correlated to the resistivity (ground-based values) through regression analysis to show the strong connection between variables. The overall outcomes demonstrated that the data fusion technique and regression analysis applied towards multiple sensing datasets is useful to improve the accuracy (estimation) and minimize the error probability in identifying the buried archaeological remains. This research then will be expanded further to explore the capabilities of geophysical technique with another potential platform in identifying the buried archaeological remain in the Malaysian context.
Tree Stump Height Estimation Using Canopy Height Model at Tropical Forest in Ulu Jelai Forest Reserve, Pahang, Malaysia
Authors: Maizah Saad Siti Nor , Abdul Maulud Khairul Nizam , Mohd Jaafar Wan Shafrina Wan , Muhmad Kamarulzaman Aisyah Marliza , Omar Hamdan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAssessing tree biomass is essential for observing carbon stock and forest biodiversity which are an important indicator in climate change monitoring. The most accurate assessment involved ground data collection, including its data processing. In certain condition, it is extremely challenging, due to the difficulties of accessing dense forest and variation of terrain, tedious and time-consuming. Therefore, due to these limitations, remote sensing might become a better approach in measuring this information. The focus of this study is to estimate the tree stump height for biomass estimation after selective logging practices. In this study, we utilize remotely sensed canopy height model (CHM) derived from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to quantify tree stump height after felling logs at a local scale. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of utilizing UAV imagery to derive a canopy height model (CHM) for preparing parameters in assessing timber tree biomass. CHM is the reference surface to derive statistics that will be used to estimate the forest variables. Data was obtained through UAV which flown at the logging compartment in Ulu Jelai Forest Reserve, Pahang, Malaysia. The estimated stump height obtained from this technique was compared with a measured stump on the ground. Based on scatterplot regression, it showed a significant relationship with a strong coefficient, R2of 0.8368. At this stage of the study, the performance of the result was not assessed since it is an only preliminary result and the study only focused on producing CHM for stump height estimation using the UAV platform only.
A comparative study of modern UAV platform for topographic mapping
Authors: Chaudhry Muhammad Hamid , Ahmad Anuar , Gulzar Qudsia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUnmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) has emerged as latest and widely used surveying equipment worldwide for topographic mapping. There has been a growing increased in number and type of UAV platform for image capturing. This research aims at analysing the effects of UAV platform on image quality and further on its output products like orthomosaic, Digital Surface Model (DSM), Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and contours. For this study, part of the main campus area of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia has been selected, covering around 0.52 sq. km. Two different types of UAV surveying platforms used are eBee classic fixed wing (eBee) and DJI Phantom 4 Advanced (P4) multirotor quadcopter. Surveying through both the platforms conducted by flying both UAV’s on 300 meters height, with 75%, front and 75% side overlap. Both have almost identical camera parameters so as ground sampling distance (GSD). 8 ground control points (GCPs) for image processing and 15 checkpoints (CP) were used for accuracy assessment. Final processing is done by using Pix4D software. The results show that all the UAV output were successfully produced for both type of UAVs. In general, the output of P4 UAV is superior to eBee UAV. As conclusion, the P4 UAV is more practical to be employed for topographic map of small area coverage as shown in this study due to capability of producing accurate result, portable, low cost and offer other advantages.