bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of vertical soft tissue thickness on occurrence of peri‐implantitis in patients with periodontitis: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Zhong , Shi Dong , Meng Huanxin , Han Jie , Zhang Li , Li Wenjing 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe influence of vertical soft tissue thickness on health of peri‐implant tissue has been addressed in few studies; thus, further research is needed.PurposeTo evaluate the influence of vertical soft tissue thickness on the risk of peri‐implantitis and peri‐implant condition in patients with a history of periodontitis.Design/MethodsA total of 92 patients with a history of periodontitis were included in this study. During the implant placement, the distance from palatal soft tissue edge to the alveolar crest, which was defined as vertical soft tissue thickness, was measured. The characteristics of patients and implants were recorded at baseline (T1). After more than 2 years follow‐up period, 65 patients with 159 implants finally came back for T2 evaluation, and parameters of peri‐implant tissue were recorded. The associations of vertical soft tissue thickness with peri‐implant parameter and occurrence of peri‐implantitis were analyzed using the generalized estimating equation accompanying linear regression and logistic regression. In addition to conventional multivariate analysis, a propensity score for adjustment was used to reduce confounding bias.ResultsAt follow‐up examination (T2), survival rate at implant‐level was 98.8%. The peri‐implant parameters, including peri‐implant probing depth and marginal bone loss, increased significantly with the increasing of soft tissue thickness (P < 0.05) after adjusting for a propensity score. In multivariate analysis adjusted for different confounding factors and propensity score, the odd ratios were all approximately 2.5, which meant that the risk of peri‐implantitis increased 1.5 times for 1 mm increase of soft tissue thickness.ConclusionsThe excessive vertical soft tissue thickness around implants in patients with history of periodontitis has an adverse influence on health of the peri‐implant tissue. This observation raises an important question on the association between vertical soft tissue thickness during implant surgery and history of periodontitis. Effective approaches to prevent the adverse effect of excessive soft tissue thickness on peri‐implant tissue are necessary to be further investigated.
Optimal Financing Models Offered by Manufacturers with Risk Aversion and Market Competition Considerations
Authors: Li Yongjian , Liu Lu , Feng Lipan , Wang Wen , Xu Fangchao 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTTrade credit finance (TCF), retailer independent finance (RIF), and partial credit guarantee (PCG) finance are all important financing tools for capital‐constrained retailers. Risk aversion has a significant impact on financing, but it is difficult to measure. This research investigates the manufacturer's financing provision strategies considering risk aversion and capital market competition. First, an ordinary least squares method with conditional value at risk criteria is proposed to measure the risk attitude of decision‐makers. Second, the equilibrium mode of financing provision and impacts of risk aversion and the retailer's initial capital are analyzed. Third, a laboratory experiment and numerical analysis are conducted to verify the risk aversion estimation method and other theoretical results. We draw the following conclusions. First, the equilibrium financing provision mode changes with the degree of risk aversion and retailer's initial capital. Although the manufacturer prefers TCF and PCG to RIF, the retailer chooses the RIF mode when its initial capital is low. A variable parameter guarantee mechanism is proposed to encourage more retailers to choose PCG instead of RIF. Second, the risk‐averse financing system realizes super‐centralization (i.e., utility in the decentralized system is larger than that in the centralized system) when the manufacturer is less risk averse than the other participants. A Pareto‐optimality mechanism is designed to realize super‐centralization and coordinate the decentralized financing system. This research provides financing providers with practical guidance on the efficient implementation of supply chain financing.
Comparison of endoscopic bilateral metal stent drainage with plastic stents in the palliation of unresectable hilar biliary malignant strictures: Large multicenter study
Authors: Xia Ming‐Xing , Pan Yang‐Lin , Cai Xiao‐Bo , Wu Jun , Gao Dao‐Jian , Ye Xin , Wang Tian‐Tian , Hu Bing 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundEndoscopic stenting to manage malignant hilar biliary obstruction has no consensus regarding the optimal stenting strategy. In this multicenter study, we compared transpapillary parallel‐style bilateral metal stenting with bilateral plastic stenting, and evaluated short‐ and long‐term outcomes.MethodsWe recruited 262 consecutive patients (Bismuth classification types II–IV) who underwent either bilateral metal or plastic stenting as primary therapy at four tertiary centers. To overcome selection bias, we performed 1:1 propensity score matching. Our primary outcome was overall survival.ResultsAfter propensity score matching, each group comprised 96 patients, with no significant differences in any baseline characteristics. The median survival was significantly longer in the metal stenting group than in the plastic stenting group (7.2 months [95% CI 6.0–8.5] vs. 4.1 months [95% CI 2.9–5.3]; P = 0.015). The clinical success rates were significantly higher in the metal stenting group than in the plastic stenting group (99.0% vs. 71.9%, respectively; P < 0.001), and lower post‐procedure cholangitis incidence (7.3% vs. 26.0%; P < 0.001), longer median symptom‐free stent patency (9.2 months [95% CI 7.6–10.6] vs. 4.8 months [95% CI 4.2–5.3]; P < 0.001), and fewer total interventions (1.3 ± 0.6 vs. 2.0 ± 1.4; P < 0.001). In multivariate Cox analysis of the overall survival, metal stenting (HR 0.589, P = 0.002), hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HR 0.419, P = 0.009), and adjuvant treatment (HR 0.596, P = 0.006) were independent predictors of death.ConclusionsEndoscopic therapy using bilateral metal stenting is superior to bilateral plastic stenting, with prolonged overall survival, higher clinical success, and longer stent patency in patients with advanced hilar biliary malignancies.
Transparency in real‐world evidence (RWE) studies to build confidence for decision‐making: Reporting RWE research in diabetes
Authors: Patorno Elisabetta , Schneeweiss Sebastian , Wang Shirley V. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTransparency of real‐world evidence (RWE) studies is critical to understanding how findings of a specific study were derived and is a necessary foundation to assessing validity and determination of whether decisions should be informed by the findings. In the present paper, we lay out strategies to improve clarity in the reporting of comparative effectiveness studies using real‐world data that were generated by the routine operation of a healthcare system. This may include claims data, electronic health records, wearable devices, patient‐reported outcomes or patient registries. These recommendations were discussed with multiple stakeholders, including regulators, payers, academics and journal editors, and endorsed by two professional societies that focus on RWE. We remind readers interested in diabetes research of the utility of conceptualizing a target trial that is then emulated by a RWE study when planning and communicating about RWE study implementation. We recommend the use of a graphical representation showcasing temporality of key longitudinal study design choices. We highlight study elements that should be reported to provide the clarity necessary to make a study reproducible. Finally, we suggest registering study protocols to increase process transparency. With these tools the readership of diabetes RWE studies will be able to more efficiently understand each study and be more able to assess a study's validity with reasonably high confidence before making decisions based on its findings.
Feeding behavior of Brevicoryne brassicae in resistant and susceptible collard greens genotypes: interactions among morphological and chemical factors
Authors: Canassa V.F. , Baldin E.L.L. , Lourenção A.L. , Barros D.R.P. , Lopes N.P. , Sartori M.M.P. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The main crops attacked by B. brassicae are cabbage, collard greens, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and cauliflower. To survive the attack of pest insects, plants have evolved various resistance mechanisms that may affect pest feeding behavior. The use of electronic monitoring through EPG (electrical penetration graph) can help characterize and distinguish the resistance mechanisms involved. This study evaluated the feeding behavior of B. brassicae in eight genotypes of collard greens, Brassica oleraceae L. var. acephala (Brassicaceae), exhibiting antixenosis and/or antibiosis resistance to this insect. Possible correlations were established between the glucosinolate levels, the hardness, and the epicuticular wax on the leaves vs. aphid feeding behavior. On the genotypes 22V, 5E, and 27VA, for which many ‘potential drop’ waves were performed, aphid development was slower, indicating antixenosis as resistance type. Aphids on the genotypes 22V and 24X required more time until accessing the phloem, also suggesting antixenosis as resistance category. Genotypes 22V and PE had hard leaves, which also points at antixenosis. Genotypes 20T and HS had higher total wax and wax mg−1. Feeding parameters on ARI and 24X were similar to those observed on HS; antibiosis is likely to be the predominant resistance category of this germplasm. Because HS was considered as a susceptible standard genotype in this study, a higher gluconapin amount indicates that this compound does not influence cabbage aphid feeding behavior. The present study confirms that analysis of the physical and chemical aspects of collard greens genotypes by the EPG technique can provide a useful approach for the study of plant resistance to cabbage aphids.
Effects of emicizumab on APTT, one‐stage and chromogenic assays of factor VIII in artificially spiked plasma and in samples from haemophilia A patients with inhibitors
Authors: Bowyer Annette , Kitchen Steve , Maclean Rhona 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionEmicizumab (Hemlibra, Roche‐Chugai) is a recombinant humanized bispecific IgG4 antibody which mimics some of the actions of activated factor VIII (FVIIIa) by binding to factor X (FX) and activated factor IX (FIXa) to activate FX.AimTo evaluate the effect of emicizumab on the APTT, standard one‐stage APTT‐based FVIII activity assay (sOSA) using plasma calibrators, modified OSA (mOSA) using r2 Diagnostics emicizumab specific calibrator and chromogenic FVIII assays. Tests were performed on plasma artificially spiked with emicizumab and from four severe haemophilia A (SHA) patients treated with emicizumab.MethodAPTT in spiked plasma was performed with 13 APTT reagents and in SHA patients with 5 reagents. OSA in spiked plasma was performed with 9 APTT reagents, 7 APTT reagents were used for OSA in SHA patients and six chromogenic substrate assays (CSA) were performed.ResultsIn SHA, APTTs normalized after the first dose of emicizumab. At weeks 32/36 of treatment, the mean sOSA FVIII:C ranged from 2.47 IU/mL (Synthasil) to greater than 7.00 IU/mL with all other reagents. mOSA ranged from 59.8 µg/mL (Synthasil) to 74.5 µg/mL (APTT SP). Bovine CSA did not recover any FVIII:C activity. Hyphen Biomed human CSA, demonstrated FVIII activity when calibrated against a plasma calibrator.ConclusionThe APTT was significantly shortened in the presence of emicizumab. sOSA FVIII:C levels were erroneously high, and it is not recommended that these be performed. Quantification of emicizumab concentration was possible by mOSA. Human CSA was sensitive to emicizumab and surrogate FVIII:C activity could be determined. Bovine CSA were insensitive to emicizumab and could not be used to quantify emicizumab concentration.
3D‐Printed Franz cells – update on optimization of manufacture and evaluation
Authors: Sil B. C. , Belgrave R. G. , Alvarez M. P. , Luo L. , Cristofoli M. , Penny M. R. , Moore D. J. , Hadgraft J. , Hilton S. T. , Lane M. E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesLaboratory in vitro permeation processes require the use of modified Franz type diffusion cells which are conventionally fabricated from glass. Fragility and high cost are frequently associated with this type of laboratory apparatus. The purpose of our present research was to develop a simple, economical and versatile approach to manufacture Franz type cells using additive manufacturing (AM).MethodsGraphical Franz diffusion cell designs were reproduced with a stereolithography (SLA) 3D printer and assessed over a minimum period of 24 h. The surface morphology of AM printouts was analysed before and after compatibility studies using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Comparative permeation studies in both glass and AM Franz type diffusion cells were conducted using a caffeine solution (1.5 mg mL‑1), applied to a model silicone membrane.ResultsTesting of the 3D printed scaffolds confirmed similar recovery of the permeant when compared to glass cells: 1.49 ± 0.01 and 1.50 ± 0.01 mg mL‑1, respectively, after 72 h. No significant differences were visible from the SEM micrographs demonstrating consistent, smooth and non‐porous surfaces of the AM Franz cells’ core structure. Permeation studies using transparent 3D printed constructs resulted in 12.85 ± 0.53 µg cm‑2 caffeine recovery in the receptor solution after 180 min with comparable permeant recovery, 11.49 ± 1.04 µg cm‑2, for the glass homologues.ConclusionAM constructs can be considered as viable alternatives to the use of conventional glass apparatus offering a simple, reproducible and cost‐effective method of replicating specialised laboratory glassware. A wider range of permeants will be investigated in future studies with these novel 3D printed Franz diffusion cells.
Preparation of selected spice microparticles and their potential application as nitrite scavenging agents in cured Tilapia muscle
Authors: Wu Tingting , Zhao Jingyun , Ding Mengzhen , Zhang Ting , Tao Ningping , Wang Xichang , Zhong Jian 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe development of nitrite scavenging agents for application in curing products has attracted much attention. In this work, we developed eight types of spice microparticles (myrcia, aniseed, cinnamon, chili, Sichuan pepper, nutmeg, clove, and cumin) using a high‐speed disintegrator method and explored their potential application as nitrite scavenging agents. The results demonstrate spice microparticles can efficiently reduce nitrite in sodium nitrite solutions (nitrite scavenging percentages: 36–100%) and high nitrite Tilapia muscle models (nitrite scavenging percentages: 11–42%). Moreover, the nitrite scavenging ability is dependent on spice types and spice microparticle sizes. These results suggest spice microparticles have another potential role (nitrite scavenging) besides flavor adding when they are applied in the curing process of fish and meat. This work can potentially expand the application of spice microparticles in food industry and provide useful information to understand the role of spice microparticles in cured fish, seafood and meats.
The role of B cells in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Gharibi Tohid , Babaloo Zohreh , Hosseini Arezoo , Marofi Faroogh , Ebrahimi‐kalan Abbas , Jahandideh Saeed , Baradaran Behzad 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThere is ongoing debate on how B cells contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The success of B‐cell targeting therapies in MS highlighted the role of B cells, particularly the antibody‐independent functions of these cells such as antigen presentation to T cells and modulation of the function of T cells and myeloid cells by secreting pathogenic and/or protective cytokines in the central nervous system. Here, we discuss the role of different antibody‐dependent and antibody‐independent functions of B cells in MS disease activity and progression proposing new therapeutic strategies for the optimization of B‐cell targeting treatments.
The Potential for Collectively Produced Architectural Narratives: from the Market to Education in the Design Studio
Authors: Büyüktopcu Erenalp , Bayrakçı Zeliha 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIndividual vendors and their market booths constitute a collective atmosphere in the marketplace by getting together with spatial arrangements, operational collaborations and event‐based dynamics. The base of study is how these dynamic interactions in a marketplace can find a place within the education process and representations of the architectural design studio. The workshop which was organised in this context consists of personal representations (drawings are produced for each individual market booth and represent all movements and time‐varying conditions on market booths by superposed layers) and collectively produced narratives (which emerged by gathering personal representations together in the studio). In this study, collective and generative potentials of education in a design studio will be discussed thanks to the transfers from the marketplace.
Association between pulse pressure and aortic calcification: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013‐2014
Authors: Heffernan Kevin S. , Barreira Tiago V. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a low‐cost, minimal radiation technique commonly used to assess bone density and body composition that can also provide a measure of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC). We examined the association between pulse pressure (PP) and DXA‐derived AAC in a nationally representative sample of US adults. Analyses were performed in 2,478 adults from the 2013‐2014 NHANES cycle. AAC scores were calculated using a validated 24‐point scale from thoraco‐lumbar spine images (scored 1‐6 across four vertebral heights from L1‐L4 for both anterior and posterior aortic walls). We examined PP as a predictor of both the presence (dichotomous) and magnitude (continuous) of AAC in age‐stratified analyses (<60 years of age and ≥60 years of age) adjusting for traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors, sex, mean arterial pressure and additionally for age and antihypertensive medication. The prevalence of AAC was 25.5%. PP was a predictor of the presence of AAC in fully adjusted models in adults <60 years of age (OR 1.31, P < .05) and ≥60 years of age (OR 1.33, P < .05). PP was also associated with the magnitude of AAC in the overall sample but did not retain significance after separating by age‐groups and additionally adjusting for antihypertensive medication. In conclusion, PP is associated with the presence of AAC as measured by DXA in a nationally representative sample of US adults.
Circular RNA PVT1 promotes metastasis via regulating of miR‐526b/FOXC2 signals in OS cells
Authors: Yan Ming , Gao Hang , Lv Zhenshan , Liu Ying , Zhao Song , Gong Weiquan , Liu Wei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAs a class of covalently closed non‐coding RNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are key regulators in various malignancies including osteosarcoma (OS). In the present study, we found that circular RNA PVT1 (circPVT1) was up‐regulated in OS and correlated with poor prognosis of patients with OS. Functionally, we showed that knockdown of circPVT1 suppressed OS cells metastasis. In addition, we found that (forkhead box C2) FOXC2 was a downstream gene in circPVT1‐mediated metastasis in OS cells. We demonstrated that circPVT1 promoted OS cells metastasis via post‐transcriptionally regulating of FOXC2. Furthermore, we revealed that microRNA 526b (miR‐526b) was a key bridge which connected circPVT1 and FOXC2. We showed that miR‐526b was down‐regulated in OS tissue and cell lines. Through a transwell assay, we found that miR‐526b suppressed OS cells metastasis by targeting of FOXC2. We also showed that miR‐526b targeted circPVT1 via similar mircoRNA response elements (MREs) as it did for FOXC2. Finally, we proved that circPVT1 decoyed miR‐526b to promote FOXC2‐mediated metastasis in OS cells. In brief, our current study demonstrated that circPVT1, functioning as an oncogene, promotes OS cells metastasis via regulation of FOXC2 by acting as a ceRNA of miR‐526b. CircPVT1/miR‐526b/FOXC2 axis might be a novel target in molecular treatment of OS.
Pentatricopeptide repeat protein PHOTOSYSTEM I BIOGENESIS FACTOR2 is required for splicing of ycf3
Authors: Wang Xuemei , Yang Zhipan , Zhang Yi , Zhou Wen , Zhang Aihong , Lu Congming 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTo gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of photosystem I (PSI) biogenesis, we characterized the Arabidopsis thaliana photosystem I biogenesis factor 2 (pbf2) mutant, which lacks PSI complex. PBF2 encodes a P‐class pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein. In the pbf2 mutants, we observed a striking decrease in the transcript level of only one gene, the chloroplast gene ycf3, which is essential for PSI assembly. Further analysis of ycf3 transcripts showed that PBF2 is specifically required for the splicing of ycf3 intron 1. Computational prediction of binding sequences and electrophoretic mobility shift assays reveal that PBF2 specifically binds to a sequence in ycf3 intron 1. Moreover, we found that PBF2 interacted with two general factors for group II intron splicing CHLOROPLAST RNA SPLICING2‐ASSOCIATED FACTOR1 (CAF1) and CAF2, and facilitated the association of these two factors with ycf3 intron 1. Our results suggest that PBF2 is specifically required for the splicing of ycf3 intron 1 through cooperating with CAF1 and CAF2. Our results also suggest that additional proteins are required to contribute to the specificity of CAF‐dependent group II intron splicing.
Two is better than one: The combined effects of glycolic acid and salicylic acid on acne‐related disorders
Authors: Wiegmann David , Haddad Lori 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundMany companies capitalized on treatable skin conditions by providing expensive prescription medications or high‐end over‐the‐counter cosmetics. However, patients have become more apprehensive toward these medications in lieu of their often‐detrimental side effect profile and reactivity with sensitive skin.AimsWe developed a serum was created to counteract this budding problem. Our goal was to bring an alternative prescription acne medication that was superior in controlling acne when compared to several OTC and prescription‐strength medications. We created a new formulary comprising primarily of all natural glycolic acid and salicylic acid.Patients/MethodsWe designed a prospective study to assess the efficacy of our serum composed of glycolic and salicylic acid for patients suffering from mild to moderate inflammatory and cystic acne, rosacea, folliculitis, and keratosis pilaris. Sixty‐six patients were selected ranging in age from 17 to 46. They were asked to apply the wake‐up serum at night for 2 weeks. At the follow‐up appointment, the patients were asked to fill out a questionnaire regarding the changes they have noticed with their skin.ResultsOver 90% of the patients reported they had significant overall improvement in acne with decrease in comedonal and cystic acne. 70%‐80% of the patients stated decrease in oiliness, even texture, and smoother looking skin. Physical examination findings were consistent with patient‐reported assessment.ConclusionA glycolic and salicylic acid combination serum may be considered an alternative treatment method for patients who wish to opt out of the typical prescription medication treatment.