bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the Mechanism of Selective Interaction of BR3 and BCMA with BAFF and APRIL
Authors: Li Luoman , Jiang Yaxin , Su LiLi , Feng Deming , Wei Jing , Sun Jian 
Published: April 2020

Background:
B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and a proliferation-inducing ligand
(APRIL) can activate signaling pathways by binding to specific receptors. BR3 (BAFF receptor)
shows a unique selectivity for BAFF ligand, while B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) exhibits a
stronger interaction between APRIL-BCMA rather than BAFF-BCMA interaction.

Objective:
The combined domains were fused with IgG1 Fc to better understand which domain
affects the selective interaction of the receptor with BAFF and APRIL.

Methods:
Since BR3 and BCMA both contain cysteine-rich repeat domains (CRD) with DxL
motif, the binding domains of BR3 and BCMA were segmented into two parts in this study. BR3-1
(CFDLLVRHGVAC) and BCMA-1 (YFDSLLHACIPC) contained the conservative DxL motif,
while BR3-2 (GLLRTPRPKPA) and BCMA-2 (QLRCSSNTPPLT) were adjacent to the CRDs yet
still joined with BR3-1 and BCMA-1. Affinity between all possible combinations was then tested.

Results:
The affinity of BR3-1-BCMA-2-Fc and BR3-1-BR3-2-Fc for BAFF was higher than
BCMA-1-BR3-2-Fc and BCMA-1-BCMA-2-Fc. Moreover, BR3-1-BCMA-2-Fc and BCMA-1-BCMA-
2-Fc had affinity for APRIL, while BR3-1-BR3-2-Fc and BCMA-1-BR3-2-Fc hardly interacted
with APRIL.

Conclusion:
BR3-1 region played a key role for interaction with BAFF, while BCMA-1 region
exhibited weaker binding with BAFF. BCMA-2 region having an α-helix might contribute towards
selectivity of APRIL-BCMA binding and BR3-2 rigid region had deleterious effects on the
APRIL-BR3 interaction. These results provide comprehensive insights of the mechanism of selective
interactions, and may promote specific antagonist design in the future.
Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Mourouzis Konstantinos , Oikonomou Evangelos , Siasos Gerasimos , Tsalamadris Sotiris , Vogiatzi Georgia , Antonopoulos Alexios , Fountoulakis Petros , Goliopoulou Athina , Papaioannou Spyridon , Tousoulis Dimitris 
Published: April 2020

Background:Over the last decades, the role of inflammation and immune system activation in the initiation and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been established.Objectives:The study aimed to present the interplay between cytokines and their actions preceding and shortly after ACS.Methods:We searched in a systemic manner the most relevant articles to the topic of inflammation, cytokines, vulnerable plaque and myocardial infarction in MEDLINE, COCHRANE and EMBASE databases.Results:Different classes of cytokines (intereleukin [IL]-1 family, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) family, chemokines, adipokines, interferons) are implicated in the entire process leading to destabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque, and consequently, to the incidence of myocardial infarction. Especially IL-1 and TNF-α family are involved in inflammatory cell accumulation, vulnerable plaque formation, platelet aggregation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and adverse remodeling following the myocardial infarction. Several cytokines such as IL-6, adiponectin, interferon-γ, appear with significant prognostic value in ACS patients. Thus, research interest focuses on the modulation of inflammation in ACS to improve clinical outcomes.Conclusion:Understanding the unique characteristics that accompany each cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction could illuminate the signaling pathways involved in plaque destabilization and indicate future treatment strategies to improve cardiovascular prognosis in ACS patients.
Association of High-Mobility Group Box-1 with Inflammationrelated Cytokines in the Aqueous Humor with Acute Primary Angle-Closure Eyes
Authors: He Wenjing , Xu Fan , Chen Lifei , Huang Wei , Jiang Li , Tang Fen , Yan Wenya , Zhong Shan , Shen Chaolan , Huang Hui , Lv Jian , Wu Xiaonian , Zeng Siming , Li Min , Zhang Mingyuan 
Published: April 2020

Aim:
The aim of this study was to measure the levels of High-mobility group
box-1 (HMGB1) and inflammation-related cytokines in the aqueous humor of patients
with acute primary angle-closure glaucoma (APAG) and age-related cataract eyes
(ARC).

Methods:
Aqueous humor samples were obtained from 59 eyes of 59 Chinese subjects
(APAG, 32 eyes; and ARC, 27eyes). The multiplex bead immunoassay technique was
used to measure the levels of HMGB1 and IL-8, IL-6, G-CSF, MCP-3, VEGF, sVEGFR-
1, sVEFGR-2, TNF-α, PDGF, and IL-10 in aqueous. The data of Patients’ demographics
and preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) were also collected for detailed analysis.

Results:
The APAG group showed significantly elevated concentrations of HMGB1, IL-
8, IL-6, G-CSF, VEGF, sVEGFR-1, and TNF-α than those in the ARC group. Aqueous
HMGB1 level correlated significantly with IOP, IL-8, IL-6, G-CSF and sVEGFR-1 levels
but not with age, TNF-α, or VEGF levels.

Conclusions:
The aqueous level of HMGB1 is elevated in APAG and associated with
aqueous level of inflammation-related cytokines, suggesting an association between
elevated levels of HMGB1, APAC and certain inflammatory modulators which, of course,
should lead to further investigations in order to demonstrate the cause and effect.
The Warburg Effect on Cancer Cells Survival: The Role of Sugar Starvation in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zam Wissam , Ahmed Imtissal , Yousef Haneen 
Published: April 2020

Background::
Cancer is not just one disease; it is a group of diseases either genetic or
metabolic due to the malfunction of mitochondria. Thus, metabolic pathways are reprogrammed to
satisfy tumor cell proliferation and survival requirements.

Methods:
We undertook a structured search of bibliographic databases for peer-reviewed research
literature dealing with these metabolic pathways.

Results:
It was found that cancer cells prefer fermentation as a source of energy even in the presence
of oxygen, this altered metabolism of cancer cells may confer a selective advantage for survival
and proliferation according to the Warburg effect. Furthermore, some molecules like HIF, PKM2,
NADPH and others are essential to the survival of cancer cells in the hypoxic abnormal environment
which has limited glucose sources.

Conclusion:
As cancer cells use glucose for aerobic glycolysis as a preferred substrate for energyyielding
metabolism, we discuss in this review the Warburg effect and a strategy of starving cancer
cells from glucose to prevent cancer cell survival and induce apoptosis in various types of cancer
which could be the key to future treatment.
Methods of simulating the front of the air shock wave for calculating the industrial structure
Authors: Mkrtychev Oleg V. , Savenkov Anton Y. 
Published: April 2020

Introduction. The paper considers existing methods of simulating a wide front of an air shock wave for solving problems of shock wave interaction with an installation using gas-dynamic methods. When solving the problem of the air shock wave interaction with an installation in a dynamic setting, it was revealed that, when simulating a wide front of a distant explosion using point explosions, it is possible to obtain an underestimated time of the shock wave action. This results in a downward bias of loads to the installation. Thus, the loads obtained in this case do not correspond to the loads for which it is necessary to carry out the calculation of industrial installations protected from shock waves in accordance with domestic and international regulatory documents. To eliminate this drawback, another approach is proposed. It consists in setting the load on the computational region in the form of a pressure graph with specified parameters of overpressure and exposure time.
Materials and methods. The interaction of the shock wave front with the installation is carried out using numerical simulation in a nonlinear dynamic setting using gas-dynamic methods in the LS-DYNA software package.
Results. The following analyses were conducted in the scope of the study: an analysis of existing methods of forming the wide shock wave front of the distant explosion and an analysis of the parameters of the shock wave during the formation of the wide shock wave front of the distant explosion by setting the pressure graph with the specified parameters of the overpressure and the exposure time.
Conclusions. The result of the analysis of methods for numerical simulation of the interaction of the air shock wave wide front with the installation showed that simulation of the explosion source in the form of volume elements and simulation of the shock wave using the CONWEP function of the LS-DYNA software package have disadvantages. These disadvantages do not allow obtaining the main parameters of the shock wave for the further use. A method for modeling the wide shock wave front is given by setting a pressure graph at the boundary of the computational region with the required overpressure parameters and exposure time.
The landscaping of urban agglomeration park systems
Authors: Ostyakova Aleksandra V. , Pluisnina Ekaterina V 
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Studying water body ecological problems and ensuring the necessary level of sanitary maintenance and landscaping of the reservoirs with the surrounding areas are relevant due to the inadequate environmental condition of a large number of urban water bodies and small rivers within settlements.
Materials and methods. The review of the available normative documents and the carried-out actions on the improvement of city water objects is given. Based on the visual study of the state of the pond banks at the Karbyshev Park at the settlement of Nakhabino, Moscow region, water quality indicators, sources of pollution of the pond, the article concluded on the unsatisfactory ecological and aesthetic condition of this urban pond. The objective of this paper is to analyze the existing negative environmental factors affectig the water body and to propose an option of the site landscaping and further safe usage.
Results. A description of the Karbyshev Park territory is given. Also, negative factors influencing the pollution of the pond banks, and the quality of pond water are specified. A proposal contains a list of necessary types of activities on cleaning and improving the pond bowl and surrounding territory under the condition of preservation of its ecosystem. As a result of the integrated assessment of the pond ecological state, a model of the urban water body was created, and a variant of its ecological reconstruction was proposed.
Conclusions. The study is of practical importance for accounting and elimination of environmental problems of urban water bodies of the Central European Russia and proposals of measures for their improvement and reclamation.
Hydraulic resistance accompanying waterjet cutting
Authors: Volgina Lyudmila V. , Gusev Ivan A. 
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Two-phase flow transmission is a complex process exposed to the influence of numerous factors. Its characteristics may depend on the physical properties of a flowing medium and on the properties of a pipeline, flow velocities, etc. A research into new types of hydraulic systems serves to identify the parameters that characterize the processes that accompany their transmission, especially if a multi-component flow is analyzed (a mix of water and abrasive particles). The mission of the research is to identify the value of hydraulic resistance coefficient in the course of transmission of a two-phase flow, or a mix of water and an abrasive. Materials and methods. A physics experiment, mathematical data processing methods, data description.
Results. The co-authors have identified the hydraulic resistance coefficient value in the course of the mix transmission, as well as the parameters characterizing supplementary pressure losses in the course of the abrasive transmission. The experimental research enabled the co-authors to identify maximal water and mix application distances that reach 317 and 290 meters.
Conclusions. The results, obtained by the co-authors, are the consequence of the pressure losses that occur in the course of mix transmission and the coefficients that characterize it. The flows considered in the article are used in the systems whose parameters are considerably different from those of traditional hydraulic engineering systems; therefore, any theoretical results obtained by the co-authors need experimental verification. Further, similar systems having different parameters must also be exposed to research to identify the relation between the pressure loss and the abrasive consumption rate and amount. The practical value of the research consists in the identification of maximal water and mix transmission and application distances providing that the operating parameters of the systems remain unchanged.
The research of dust dispersed composition of urban environment
Authors: Azarov Valeriy N. , Kuzmichev Andrey A. , Nikolenko Denis A. , Vasilev Anatoliy N. , Kozlovtseva Elena Yu. 
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Presently, the atmosphere of urban environments needs protection due to excessive ambient air pollutant concentrations. Each year these concentrations go up, triggered by environmental factors and anthropogenic processes, such as industry, transport, housing and utilities infrastructure. Dust is one of the main ecological factors that have a negative impact on the air. The co-authors have analyzed theoretical regularities governing the fractional composition of dust in the urban atmosphere, field tested the air polluted by the atmospheric aerosol in urban areas, and studied the applicability of truncated normal distribution law to particle size distribution in the atmospheric aerosol.
Materials and methods. The co-authors employed a set of conventional and advanced information collection and processing methods that enable researchers to deliver novelty-intensive results, including methods of dust particle size distribution assessment, experimental design, mathematical modeling, etc. The co-authors have benchmarked the earlier results against the findings of this research to identify their qualitative and quantitative compliance with the results published in independent sources.
Results. The co-authors have found that integral curves describing dust particle distribution over equivalent diameters, constructed in the coordinate system of logarithmic probability, represent truncated normal distribution, derived from classical normal distribution by limiting the interval of possible variables for random values. These integral curves are an implementation of a random function where a random function parameter represents dparticle, um.
Conclusions. Size distribution of dust particles is an important characteristic of air pollutions that can help to reduce concentration of the atmospheric aerosol in the air. Studies of dust particle size regularities, typical for an urban atmosphere, are particularly relevant because they contribute to the resolution of several problems of environmental safety in an urban environment.
Choice of technologies of ensuring exploitation suitability of buildings in the underground construction area
Authors: Alirzaev Emil Imran Оglu , Dement'eva Marina E. 
Published: April 2020

Introduction. One of the serious problems in the construction of underground structures in a dense urban area is the occurrence of excess deformations of the foundations of operating buildings that fall into the zone of influence of underground construction. The subject of the study was the calculated justification of the modern technology of compensatory injection. The relevance of the task is determined by the fact that the choice of the most effective protection technology should be based not only on a comparison of technological precipitation with maximum permissible values, but also on the assessment of the possibility of monitoring and controlling the movements of the foundations of buildings and structures during construction and subsequent operation. The purpose of the study was to compare various methods of protecting the foundations of existing buildings and structures and justify the selection of the most effective of them for further implementation and dissemination in the design and construction of urban underground structures.
Materials and methods. On the basis of the survey data of the operated building falling into the impact zone of excavation of the pit for the construction of the installation and shield chamber of the subway, the parameters of the stress-strain state of its foundations are studied by mathematical modeling. The problem was solved by the finite element method based on the software and computer complex Z_Soil v.18.24.
Results. Based on the analysis of the results of the examination of the administrative building using the finite element method, a change in the parameters of the stress-strain state of the foundations was modeled with various technologies for strengthening it. In the course of solving the geotechnical problem, it was found that the minimum impact on the foundations of the building during the construction of the pit was obtained in the method of compensatory injection. The system of criteria for making a decision on choosing an effective way to ensure the suitability of buildings in the underground construction zone for operation is substantiated.
Conclusions. The results of this work can be used to justify the choice of technology for prevention and control of excess deformations of foundations. The function for calculating the volume of injected material in the Z_Soil software and computer complex can be used to justify the consumption of materials and the economic efficiency of the technological solution.
Administración del capital de trabajo, liquidez y rentabilidad en el sector textil de Cúcuta, periodo 2008-2011
Authors: Riaño Solano Miller 
Published: April 2020

Es importante destacar el sector textil como generador de empleo y divisas para una región, aunado a esto la optimización de la gestión financiera es primordial en el crecimiento y sostenibilidad de las empresas, en esa gestión es relevante el análisis del capital de trabajo, la liquidez y la rentabilidad. El objetivo del trabajo fue relacionar el capital de trabajo y la liquidez con la rentabilidad en el sector textil de Cúcuta en el periodo 2008-2011. La metodología utilizada, consistió en un diseño documental, basada en una investigación descriptiva correlacional. Las fuentes, secundarias, donde se consultó la información financiera relacionada con el sector. Se tabularon los datos, y se analizaron usando técnicas estadísticas para relacionar el coeficiente de correlación (CC) y el coeficiente de determinación (CD). Las variaciones del Capital de Trabajo Neto Operativo (KTNO) explicaron en un 89,4% las variaciones de la Rentabilidad del Activo Neto (RAN) y en un 98,1% las variaciones de la Rentabilidad del Patrimonio (ROE). Las Cuentas por Cobrar (CxC) representaron el 96,67% de las variaciones del ROE, los inventarios lo hicieron en un 76,89% y las Cuentas por Pagar (CxP) en el 95,26%. La liquidez fue la variable de menor influencia en las variaciones del ROE. Los resultados obtenidos se alinearon con los postulados teóricos de Gitman, Albornoz y García. En general, se aprecia la importancia de la adecuada gestión del KTNO como factor de criticidad en la gestión operativa del sector textil confecciones para este periodo, aportando información a este sector para coadyuvar a posicionar en el mercado local e internacional, avanzando en el Proyecto de Transformación Productiva Sectores de clase Mundial impulsado por el Ministerio de Comercio, Industria y Turismo.
Structure and organisation of palliative care for children in Krasnodar Krai
Authors: Burlutskaya A. V. , Statova A. V. , Mamyan E. V. 
Published: April 2020

Palliative care is aimed at enhancing the quality of life of patients living with life-threatening conditions and their families. According to the World Health Organization, about 40 million people require palliative care every year. Out of these people, 78% reside in low- and middle-income countries. 89% of children requiring palliative care are from low- and middle-income countries, with half of these children living on the African continent. Such a widespread prevalence and need for palliative care is expected to grow due to the increasing number of chronic non-communicable diseases, and the provision of palliative care at early stages reduces the frequency of unnecessary hospitalisations and the use of medical services.Aim. To assess the structure and organisation of palliative care for children in Krasnodar Krai.Material and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of medical institutions located in Krasnodar and other cities in Krasnodar Krai (Apsheron, Vyselkovsky, Gelendzhik, Kavkazsky, Kushchevsky districts, Leningradsky region, Seversky and Tuapse districts), which provide palliative care for children aged from 3 months to 18 years. Along with inpatient services, outpatient forms of palliative care for children, such as long-term artificial respiration for incurable patients, were analysed. Statistical methods of analysis were not used due to the descriptive character of the research.Results. 28 palliative care beds for children were open in Krasnodar Krai over the period from 2013 to 2018. The number of visiting nurse brigades comprised 13. An analysis of the provision of palliative care in accordance with No. 985 form “Data on patients receiving palliative care” and the report of the palliative care structure as of September 1, 2018 showed that 193 children needed round-the-clock inpatient care. Out of these children, 71.5% and 21.2% suffered from CNS and cancer conditions, respectively, while 7.3% were referred to the ‘other diseases’ group. 250 patients were treated in the offices of palliative care, including 94.4% of neurological patients, 2.8% of cancer patients and 2.8% of children with other pathologies. At home, 14 incurable patients received long-term artificial respiration, 78.6% of whom were children with hereditary neuromuscular diseases, 7.1% with congenital malformations of the central nervous system, 7.1% with lysosomal storage disease and 7.2% with Pompe disease.Conclusion. Palliative care is one of the priority branches of medicine in the Russian Federation. The problem of providing palliative care for children is of particular significance due to the growing number of patients with life-threatening and terminal conditions.
Features of abdominal delivery in obstetric institutions of level III
Authors: Galustyan M. V. , Kutsenko I. I. , Borovikov I. O. 
Published: April 2020

Aim.To evaluate and analyse features of abdominal delivery in maternal care institutions (level III) in Krasnodar Krai on the basis of M.S. Robson’ obstetric care criteria (2001) and indicators of cesarean section efficacy.Materials and methods.A retrospective study of archives from two Krasnodar Krai obstetric institutions (level III) (the perinatal centres of the Children’s Regional Clinical Hospital and the Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2) was carried out. The material for analysis was the number of births, surgery activity and perinatal mortality indicators (2017).Results.A comparative analysis of abdominal delivery in two leading perinatal centres of the Region revealed low levels of cesarean section efficacy. The monitoring of obstetric conditions, which had the greatest influence on the growth of abdominal delivery cases, was carried out using M.S. Robson’ system. It was revealed that the largest increase in abdominal delivery was observed in patients included in groups I and V.Conclusion.Despite the fact that the efficacy of abdominal delivery in Krasnodar Krai maternal care institutions (level III) is low, a detailed individualised analysis of indications for the performed surgical labour revealed obstetric practices (uterine scars, fetal distress, anomalies in labour), which increased the level of surgical activity. However, taking into account the specificity of indications for hospitalisation of patients in these medical institutions (severe extragenital pathology, complicated pregnancy), an increase in operative activity and low effectiveness of cesarean section are justified.