bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KERUSAKAN PADA ROTOR TURBIN UAP KAPASITAS 3191 KW
Authors: Ihlas Apriardi 
Published: December 2019

Korosi pada turbin uap yang menyebabkan penurunan kapasitas daya. Telah dievaluasi untuk mengetahui penyebab kerusakan agar kejadian serupa tidak berulang kembali. Untuk itu, dilakukan serangkaian pemeriksaan yang meliputi: pemeriksaan visual, komposisi kimia bahan, pemeriksaan makro dan mikro, dan juga Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Pemeriksaan visual menunjukkan lokasi korosi cenderung semakin parah pada radius terluar dekat sudu. Bentuk kerusakan berupa lubang-lubang yang berbentuk bulat.. Pemeriksaan EDS ditemukan unsur silikon sebagai penyusun senyawa silika, khususnya SiO2. Senyawa keras yang berbentuk partikel halus ini diduga sebagai penyebab kerusakan melalui benturan yang akan menjadi inisiasi korosi lanjutan sebagai korosi lubang. Jadi, tipe kerusakan pada rotor turbin uap ini adalah korosi yang diakibatkan oleh deposit silika yang terbawa oleh uap boiler.Kata Kunci: turbin uap, korosi, deposit silika, korosi lubang.
PERANCANGAN HYBRID DAN SYNCHRONIZER POWER SUPPLY UNTUK PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA DAN GRID PLN
Authors: Saputra Doddy Harja , Soba Jumail 
Published: December 2019

Daya listrik yang dihasilkan oleh Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) bersifat fluktuatif bergantung kepada radiasi sinar matahari yang mengenai modul surya. Sistem sinkronisasi diperlukan ketika daya listrik yang dihasilkan PLTS tidak mampu mensuplai beban, sehingga grid PLN akan ikut mensuplai daya ke beban (hybrid). Pada penelitian ini dirancang dan dibuat perangkat hybrid dan synhcronizer power supply untuk PLTS dan grid PLN dengan sinkronisasi yang dilakukan pada domain tegangan DC. Pengaturan level tegangan DC pada sisi PLTS dan grid PLN membuat PLTS menjadi sumber utama untuk mensuplai ke beban sedangkan listrik dari grid PLN akan dipakai ketika energi listrik yang dihasilkan PLTS tidak mencukupi. Uji coba dilakukan untuk mengamati kinerja sistem sinkronisasi yang dirancang pada pukul 08:00 sampai dengan pukul 16:00 dengan pengambilan data konsumsi energi dilakukan setiap 1 jam. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba dapat ditunjukkan bahwa sistem ini dapat memberikan sinkronisasi antara listrik dari PLTS dan grid PLN untuk mensuplai beban.Kata kunci: Hybrid power supplies, synchronizer power supplies, pembangkit listrik tenaga surya, grid PLN
PENGARUH GROUND GRANULATED BLAST FURNACE SLAG TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKA SEMEN PORTLAND JENIS-I
Authors: Karim Gaos Abdul , Susilowati Eny , Pratiwi Wieke 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian mengenai Pengaruh Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) terhadap Sifat Fisika Semen Portland Jenis-I telah dilakukan. GGBFS kelas aktifitas 100 digunakan sebagai bahan tambahan pada Semen Portland Jenis-I dengan variasi GGBFS pada campuran yaitu 0% (kontrol), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% dan 50 %. Terhadap setiap campuran dilakukan uji kuat tekan, waktu setting, pemuaian dengan autoclave dan pemuaian karena sulfat. Dibandingkan dengan karakter kontrol, kuat tekan mortar pada umur 3 dan 7 hari lebih rendah pada semua variasi, tetapi pada kuat tekan 28 hari, kuat tekan campuran umumnya lebih tinggi dari kontrol dan optimum pada perbandingan 50:50. Penambahan GGBFS menyebabkan penambahan waktu setting, penurunan sifat pemuaian pada uji pemuaian dengan autoclave, dan penurunan pemuaian karena sulfat.Kata kunci: GGBFS, kuat tekan, pemuaian dengan autoclave, pemuaian karena sulfat.
The 3D Kinematics of Gas in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Murray Claire E. , Peek J. E. G. , Di Teodoro Enrico M. , McClure-Griffiths N. M. , Dickey John M. , Dénes Helga 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We investigate the kinematics of neutral gas in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) and test the hypothesis that it is rotating in a disk. To trace the 3D motions of the neutral gas distribution, we identify a sample of young, massive stars embedded within it. These are stars with radial velocity measurements from spectroscopic surveys and proper motion measurements from Gaia, whose radial velocities match with dominant H i components. We compare the observed radial and tangential velocities of these stars with predictions from the state-of-the-art rotating disk model based on high-resolution 21 cm observations of the SMC from the Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder telescope. We find that the observed kinematics of gas-tracing stars are inconsistent with disk rotation. We conclude that the kinematics of gas in the SMC are more complex than can be inferred from the integrated radial velocity field. As a result of violent tidal interactions with the Large Magellanic Cloud, nonrotational motions are prevalent throughout the SMC, and it is likely composed of distinct substructures overlapping along the line of sight.
Exomoons in the Habitable Zones of M Dwarfs
Authors: Martínez-Rodríguez Héctor , Caballero José Antonio , Cifuentes Carlos , Piro Anthony L. , Barnes Rory 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
M dwarfs host most of the exoplanets in the local Milky Way. Some of these
planets, ranging from sub-Earths to super-Jupiters, orbit in their stars’
habitable zones (HZs), although many likely possess surface environments that
preclude habitability. Moreover, exomoons around these planets could harbor life
for long timescales and thus may also be targets for biosignature surveys. Here
we investigate the potential habitability, stability, and detectability of
exomoons around exoplanets orbiting M dwarfs. We first compile an updated list
of known M-dwarf exoplanet hosts, comprising 109 stars and 205 planets. For each
M dwarf, we compute and update precise luminosities with the Virtual Observatory
spectral energy distribution Analyzer and Gaia DR2 parallaxes
to determine inner and outer boundaries of their HZs. For each planet, we
retrieve (or, when necessary, homogeneously estimate) their masses and radii,
calculate the long-term dynamical stability of hypothetical moons, and identify
those planets that can support habitable moons. We find that 33 exoplanet
candidates are located in the HZs of their host stars and that four of them
could host Moon- to Titan-mass exomoons for timescales longer than the Hubble
time.
New Insights on the Collisional Depolarization of the Second Solar Spectrum of the Sr i 4607 Å Line
Authors: Derouich M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The spectrum of the linear polarization generated by scattering of anisotropic radiation near to the limb is called second solar spectrum (SSS). Our purpose is to present a new approach that allows accurate determination of the collisional depolarization rate D
2 of the SSS of the Sr i 4607 Å line. Most of the inaccuracy in determining the depolarization rate arises from errors in obtaining the interaction potential between the Sr i and H i atoms. To improve the accuracy of the depolarization rate, we determine hybrid potentials based on (1) ab initio quantum chemistry potentials for small interatomic distances; (2) Rayleigh–Schrödinger–Unsöld (RSU) potentials for large interatomic distances; and (3) joining the RSU and ab initio potentials by reasonably accurate interpolation to describe the interaction in the intermediate interatomic distances. The obtained hybrid potentials are used to infer new accurate hybrid depolarization rate for solar applications. Interestingly, we show that values of the hybrid rates are remarkably stable under the variation of the methods employed to compute hybrid potentials. Expected percentage of imprecision on the solar magnetic value resulting from a hypothetical inaccuracy in the D
2 is evaluated.
Globular Cluster Systems and X-Ray Atmospheres in Galaxies*
Authors: Harris Gretchen L. H. , Babyk Iu. V. , Harris William E. , McNamara B. R. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We compare the empirical relationships between the mass of a galaxy’s globular cluster system (GCS) M
GCS, the gas mass in the hot X-ray atmosphere M

X
within a fiducial radius of 5r

e
, the total gravitational mass M
grav within 5r

e
, and lastly the total halo mass M

h
calibrated from weak lensing. We use a sample of 45 early-type galaxies for which both GCS and X-ray data are available; all the galaxies in our sample are relatively high-mass with M

h
> 1012
M
⊙. We find that

, similar to the previously known scaling relation

. Both components scale much more steeply than the more well known dependence of total stellar mass

for luminous galaxies. These results strengthen previous suggestions that feedback had little effect on formation of the GCS. The current data are also used to measure the relative mass fractions of baryonic matter and dark matter within 5r

e
. We find a strikingly uniform mean of

with few outliers and an rms scatter of ±0.07. This result is in good agreement with two recent suites of hydrodynamic galaxy formation models.
A Comparison between Faraday Tomography and Synchrotron Polarization Gradients
Authors: Ho Ka Wai , Yuen Ka Ho , Leung Po Kin , Lazarian A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Observations of synchrotron polarization at multiple frequencies in the presence of Faraday rotation can provide a way to reconstruct the 3D magnetic field distribution. In this paper we compare the well known Faraday Tomography (FT) technique to a new approach, Synchrotron Polarization Gradients (SPGs). We compare the strengths and limitations of the two techniques, and describe their synergy. In particular, we show that in situations when the FT technique fails, e.g., due to insufficient frequency coverage, the SPG can still trace the 3D structure of a magnetic field.
Aggregate Growth and Internal Structures of Chondrite Parent Bodies Forming from Dense Clumps
Authors: Matsumoto Yuji , Wakita Shigeru , Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Oshino Shoichi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The major components of chondrites are chondrules and matrix. Measurements of volatile abundance in Semarkona chondrules suggest that chondrules formed in a dense clump that had a higher solid density than the gas density in the solar nebula. We investigate collisions between chondrules and matrix in the surface region of dense clumps using fluffy aggregate growth models. Our simulations show that the collisional growth of aggregates composed of chondrules and matrix takes place in the clumps well before they experience gravitational collapse. The internal structure of chondrite parent bodies (CPBs) can be thereby determined by aggregate growth. We find that the aggregate growth generates two scales within CPBs. The first scale is involved with the small-scale distribution of chondrules and determined by the early growth stage, where chondrules accrete aggregates composed of matrix grains. This accretion can reproduce the thickness of the matrix layer around chondrules found in chondrites. The other scale is related to the large-scale distribution of chondrules. Its properties (e.g., the abundance of chondrules and the overall size) depend on the gas motion within the clump, which is parameterized in this work. Our work thus suggests that the internal structure of CPBs may provide important clues about their formation conditions and mechanisms.
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Photodynamic Therapy in Patients With Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Park Young Joo , Kim Yong-Kyu , Park Kyu Hyung , Woo Se Joon 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the long-term results of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
The authors reviewed patients with chronic CSCR treated with verteporfin PDT in their hospital and followed up for 36 months or longer.

RESULTS:

Among 94 eyes, 76 eyes underwent half-fluence PDT (80.9%), 12 eyes (12.8%) underwent half-dose PDT, and six eyes (6.4%) underwent standard PDT. Mean follow-up duration was 58.1 months± 20.3 months. Mean best-corrected visual acuity improved by 0.15 ± 0.31 logMAR. Seventy-two eyes (77%) had resolution of subretinal fluid 1 month after treatment. Nine eyes (9.6%) showed nonresponse, and 23 (24.5%) showed recurrence. Older age (
P
= .009) and smaller macular thickness reduction post-PDT (
P
= .017) were associated with nonresponse. Male sex (
P
= .021), bilateral CSCR (
P
= .008), and smaller choroidal thickness reduction (
P
= .024) were associated with recurrence. Retreatment using PDT resulted in a 90% success rate.

CONCLUSIONS:
Verteporfin PDT for chronic CSCR conferred good visual outcomes, as well as good safety results up to mean 5 years. Although the disease recurred in about one-fifth of the eyes, additional PDT conferred a good response rate.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:760–770.]
Ultra-Widefield Fluorescein Angiography as a Biomarker for Response to Switch in Therapy in Persistent DME
Authors: Bahrami Bobak , Hong Thomas , Peto Tunde , Chang Andrew 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To explore the effect of peripheral ischemia identified on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA) as a biomarker of response to a switch in therapy from bevacizumab to aflibercept in persistent diabetic macular edema (DME).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Prospective clinical trial of 38 eyes from 38 patients previously treated with bevacizumab and persistent DME. Patients subsequently received aflibercept per protocol and were followed up for 48 weeks. UWFA was obtained for all patients at baseline and 48 weeks. Images were graded and used to calculate an overall ischemic index (II) and macular ischemic index (MII). II was compared with visual and central macular thickness (CMT) outcomes. Paired and independent samples
t
-tests and Fisher's exact tests were used to assess change and associations.

RESULTS:

Patients with an II greater than or equal to 50% at baseline had a poorer baseline visual acuity (VA) (60.1 ± 10.2 vs. 70.7 ± 9.0 letters;
P
= .005) and a worse MII (6.9 ± 25 vs. 56 ± 52%;
P
< .001). These patients gained significantly more vision at 48 weeks (8.3 ± 9.3 vs. 2.6 ± 5.9 letters;
P
= .03). At 48 weeks, there was no significant difference in VA of patients with an II greater or less than 50% (68.4 ± 6.0 vs. 73.3 ± 9.6 letters;
P
= .16).

CONCLUSIONS:
Patients with persistent DME treated with bevacizumab and worse II had poorer baseline VA, potentially due to worse macular ischemia. These patients had greater visual gain with similar final visual outcomes of those without marked peripheral ischemia subsequent to switching to aflibercept.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:771–778.]
Functional Performance of Firefighters After Exposure to Environmental Conditions and Exercise
Authors: Games Kenneth E. , Winkelmann Zachary K. , McGinnis Kaitlin D. , McAdam Jeremy S. , Pascoe David D. , Sefton JoEllen M. 
Published: December 2019

Context
Slips, trips, and falls are leading causes of musculoskeletal injuries in firefighters. Researchers have hypothesized that heat stress is the major contributing factor to these fireground injuries.

Objective
To examine the effect of environmental conditions, including hot and ambient temperatures, and exercise on functional and physiological outcome measures, including balance, rectal temperature, and perceived exertion.

Design
Randomized controlled clinical trial.

Setting
Laboratory environmental chamber.

Patients or Other Participants
A total of 13 healthy, active career firefighters (age = 26 ± 6 years [range = 19–35 years], height = 178.61 ± 4.93 cm, mass = 86.56 ± 16.13 kg).

Intervention(s)
Independent variables consisted of 3 conditions (exercise in heat [37.41°C], standing in heat [37.56°C], and exercise in ambient temperature [14.24°C]) and 3 data-collection times (preintervention, postintervention, and postrecovery). Each condition was separated from the others by at least 1 week and lasted a maximum of 40 minutes or until the participant reached volitional fatigue or a rectal temperature of 40.0°C.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Firefighting-specific functional balance performance index, rectal temperature, and rating of perceived exertion.

Results
Exercise in the heat decreased functional balance, increased rectal temperature, and altered the perception of exertion compared with the other intervention conditions.

Conclusions
A bout of exercise in a hot, humid environment increased rectal temperature in a similar way to that reported in the physically active population and negatively affected measures of functional balance. Rather than independently affecting balance, the factors of exercise and heat stress appeared to combine, leading to an increased likelihood of slips, trips, and falls.
The real-world experience with nivolumab in previously treated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer from a cancer center in India
Authors: Abbas Waseem , Acharya Rudra Prasad , Pandit Archit , Gupta Saurabh , Rao Ranga Raju 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: PDL-1 inhibitors have emerged as the new standard of care for second line treatment of NSCLC. Methods: Eligible patients included, histologically proven NSCLC, ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) performance status of 0, 1 or 2, age 18 years and above, availability of pre-treatment tumor specimen, adequate end organ function, at least one prior platinum-based therapy. Patients who received a minimum of 6 doses of nivolumab were eligible. Results: Eleven previously treated patients with chemotherapy, started on nivolumab from April of 2016 to December of 2018, were retrospectively studied and analysed. The median age of patients was 58 years. Eight (72.73%) of the eleven patients were male. Seven (63.64%) of the patients were current or former smokers. Majority of patients had non-squamous histology; seven (63.64%) adenocarcinoma and four (36.36%) squamous cell carcinoma. 5 (45.46%) of the patients received one prior therapy, three (27.27%) received two prior therapies, and three (27.27%) received three prior therapies. Four (36.36%) of the patients had brain metastasis. Two (18.18%) of the patients were more than 70 years of age. Median number of cycles of nivolumab administered were 10 (range, 6 to 21). At the time of analysis, the median PFS was 8 months (95% CI, 1.52-14.47) and median OS was 15 months (95% CI, 6.9-23.09). Treatment was well tolerated and generally side effects were grade 1 and grade 2, except two patients who develop grade 3/4 pneumonitis. Conclusions: This is a real-world study of eleven previously treated patients with chemotherapy, started on Nivolumab from April of 2016 to December of 2018. Although, our sample size was small, our data supports the use of nivolumab as a new treatment option for patients of stage 4 NSCLC.
Incidence of febrile neutropenia with commonly used chemotherapy regimen in localized breast cancer
Authors: Palukuri Nageswara Reddy , Yedla Rajani Priya , Bala Stalin Chowdary , Kuruva Siva Prasad , Chennamaneni Rachana , Konatam Meher Lakshmi , Gundeti Sadashivudu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among the women. Most commonly used chemotherapy regimen is Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide (AC) which carries significant risk of febrile neutropenia. The aim of the study is to identify the incidence of febrile neutropenia and its effects on the delivery of chemotherapy in patients receiving following AC chemoregimen without primary prophylaxis. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the case records of the localized breast cancer patients who were treated with AC chemoregimen without primary prophylaxis for febrile neutropenia. Results: Between 2013 and 2017, a total of 231 cases received AC chemoregimen. A total of 14 (6.1%) patients were found to have febrile neutropenia. All patients were recovered by day 19 and no deaths were observed. Except for ECOG performance status (P = 0.001) no significant association was found with age, co-morbidities, menopausal status, body surface area and stage of the cancer. There were no treatment delays or dose reductions because of febrile neutropenia. Conclusion: The incidence of FN with AC chemotherapy in breast cancer patients is relatively less in the present study. Routine primary prophylaxis is not recommended as this chemotherapy falls in to low risk category for FN but can be considered for patients with ECOG PS > 1. If the diagnosis of febrile neutropenia and institution of appropriate measures are prompt, FN did not affect the delivery of chemotherapy and thus compromise survival.
Pediatric cancers in Bihar: A retrospective tertiary cancer center study
Authors: Pandey Avinash , Singh Anjana , Kumar Vijendra , Prakash Jayant , Ranu Ritesh , Thakur Vinit , Gupta Anand Kumar , Singh Shivkant 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: There is lack of information regarding pattern of distribution of pediatric cancers in Bihar. Aim: The aim of this study is to identify the pattern of distribution of pediatric cancers. Objectives: To analyze demographic data, type, and pattern of pediatric cancers in Bihar by retrospective clinical audit. Materials and Methods: All individual consecutive patients between ages 0 and 18 years registered in the Department of Medical and Pediatric Oncology from January 1, 2018 till December 31, 2018, were enrolled in this study. Data pertaining to age, sex, and type of cancer were retrieved from clinical database by retrospective audit and stratified into hematolymphoid and solid pediatric cancer cohorts. Frequency distribution and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data using SPSS version 17.0. Results: A total of 247 pediatric cancers were registered, of which 142/247 (57%) and 15/247 (43%) were pediatric hematolymphoid and solid cancers, respectively. The median age was 9 years, while male-to-female ratio was 2.26. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 76/247 (31%) was the most common pediatric cancer overall. Hodgkin's lymphoma, 27/142 (19%) was the second most common hematolymphoid malignancy, after ALL was 76/142 (54%). Among solid tumors, Wilms' tumor was the most common, 28/105 (27%) followed by Ewing's sarcoma, 16/105 (15%), and germ cell tumor, 15/105 (14%). Central nervous system malignancies were among the least common solid tumor cancers, 3/105 (3%). Conclusion: ALL and Hodgkin's lymphoma are the most common pediatric cancers. Among solid malignancies, Wilms tumor, Ewing's sarcoma, and Germ cell tumor are predominant.