bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of the Prototype NovioSense Noninvasive Biosensor for Tear Glucose in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Geelhoed-Duijvestijn Petronella , Vegelyte Dovile , Kownacka Alicja , Anton Nicoleta , Joosse Maurits , Wilson Christopher 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: We recently published the results of a pilot study measuring glucose in tear fluid. We now show the results of an additional 24 patients. Methods: Twenty-four subjects were recruited from Haaglanden Diabetes Centre. The patients reported in a fasting state and were given a meal with half the usual dose of insulin during the test. The device was applied under the lower eyelid. Glucose levels from capillary blood and interstitial fluid with a flash glucose measurement device were recorded every 15 minutes; the current from the tear glucose sensor was recorded continuously. The eye surface and tolerability were regularly checked. A calibration algorithm to convert tear glucose to blood values was built using a neural network regression model and validated. Results: No adverse events were attributed to the sensor coil placed under the lower eyelid. The mean absolute relative difference for the 24-patient subset was 16.7 (after 6 hours total time in the eye). The median absolute relative difference was 13.3. Compared to published data from Abbott (15.7 on day 1), the present device is comparable to Libre, considering that the device was allowed only one hour of equilibration time before the measurements were made. Conclusion: The NovioSense Tear glucose sensor measures blood glucose values with an acceptable accuracy and may become a good alternative to invasive devices.
Multimorbidity Among Adult Outpatients With Type 1 Diabetes in Germany
Authors: van den Boom Louisa , Buchal Gebhard , Kaiser Marcel , Kostev Karel 
Published: October 2020

Aim: The aim of this cross-sectional retrospective study was to estimate the prevalence of different physical and psychiatric disorders as well as multimorbidity in outpatients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Germany. Methods: A total of 6967 adult patients with T1D from 958 general or diabetologist practices in Germany between January 2015 and December 2019 from the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA) were included. The main outcome of the study was the prevalence of different diabetes-related and nondiabetes-related disorders within 12 months prior to the last outpatient visit. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted with multimorbidity differently defined as >2, >3, >4, and >5 different disorders as a dependent variable and age, sex, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values, and insulin pump therapy as impact variables. Results: Mean age (standard deviation [SD]) was 45.3 (16.7) years; 42.9% were women, the mean HbA1c was 7.9% (SD: 1.4%). The most frequent disorder was arterial hypertension (31.2%), followed by dyslipidemia (26.4%), dorsalgia (20.4%), diabetic neuropathy (17.3%), and depression (14.6%). The proportion of thyroid gland disorders, retinopathy, urethritis, iron deficiency anemia, and psychiatric disorders was higher in women than in men. Hypertension and mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of tobacco were higher in men. On average, each patient was diagnosed with 3.1 different disorders. Age had the strongest association with multimorbidity, followed by HbA1c value and female sex. Conclusion: In summary, patients with T1D are often multimorbid, and the multimorbidity is associated with higher gender, female sex, and high HbA1c values. Understanding all of these factors can help practitioners create a risk profile for every patient.
Case report: anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor encephalitis and bilateral temporal calcifications
Authors: Bu Yujie , Zhang Tinghua , Guo Jia 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
In this study, we report a case of a young female who was hospitalized for seizures and diagnosed with anti–N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis.

Case presentation
The main feature of this patient was bilateral temporal calcifications detected by routine head computed tomography (CT). The co-existence of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and cerebral calcifications has not been reported. We supposed that the patient had an incomplete form of celiac disease (CD), epilepsy and cerebral calcifications syndrome (CEC). The patient's symptoms were alleviated by a series of treatments, and she remained stable during the follow-ups.

Conclusions
Our findings confirm the rarity co-existing anti-NMDAR encephalitis and cerebral calcifications. In future clinical work, we need to elucidate the relationship between anti-NMDAR encephalitis and cerebral calcifications, and the association between anti-NMDAR encephalitis and other co-existing autoimmune disorders.
Health care professionals’ adherence to partograph use in Ethiopia: analysis of 2016 national emergency obstetric and newborn care survey
Authors: Gebrehiwot Solomon Weldemariam , Abrha Mulugeta Woldu , Weldearegay Haftom Gebrehiwot 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The period around childbirth and the first 24 hours postpartum remains a perilous time for both mother and newborn. Health care providers’ compliance to the World Health Organization modified partogram across the active first stage of labor is a graphic representation of a mother’s condition that is used as a guide in providing quality obstetrics care. However, little evidence is documented on the health providers’ adherence to the use of the partograph in Ethiopia, which limits health care providers’ ability to improve quality care services. Therefore, this study assessed the adherence of partograph use and associated factors in Ethiopia.

Methods
Data from the Ethiopian 2016 National Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care survey of 3,804 health facilities that provided maternity services were used. We extracted 2611 partograph charts over a 12 months period prior to the survey to review the proper recording of each component. Data analyses were performed using SPSS version 22.0 software. A logistic regression analyses was used to identify the association of explanatory variables with the outcome variable. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as cut off point to declare the significance association in the multivariable analysis.

Results
Of the total 2611 partographs reviewed, 561(21.5%) of them were fully recorded as per the WHO guideline. Particularly, molding in 50%, color of liquor in 70.5%, fetal heart beat in 93.3%, cervical dilation in 89.6%, descent in 63.2%, uterine contraction in 94.5%, blood pressure in 80.5%, pulse rate in 70.5%, and temperature in 53% were accurately recorded. The odds of adherence to partograph use were 1.4 in rural health facilities when compared to their counterparts (AOR=1.44; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.80, P- 0.002).

Conclusion
This study revealed a poor level of adherence in partograph use in Ethiopia. Molding, maternal temperature and decent were the least recorded parameters of the partograph. The odds of completion of partograph were high in rural facilities. Strong supporting supervision and mentoring the health workers to better record and use of partograph are needed mainly in urban health facilities. Moreover in the future, interventional research should be conducted to improve the current rate of adherence.
Beneficial effects of walnut (Juglans regia L.) oil-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid prevents a prooxidant status and hyperlipidemia in pregnant rats with diabetes
Authors: Sun Bingmei , Yan Hua , Li Chao , Yin Linlin , Li Fei , Zhou Lianxiang , Han Xiuqing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus has a long-term effect on pregnant women. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) oil-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) possesses multifarious pharmacological activities. This study investigated the beneficial effects of walnut oil-derived PUFA on glucose metabolism, pregnancy outcomes, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Methods
The GDM rat model was generated by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) on gestational day (GD) 6, GD7 and GD8. The differences between groups were estimated using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s multiple comparison test for post-hoc analysis.

Results
The results indicated that PUFA could mitigate GDM in pregnant diabetic rats, as embodied by the decrease of fasting blood glucose and the increase of plasma insulin and hepatic glycogen levels. Also, PUFA could suppress oxidative stress in pregnant diabetic rats, as reflected by the decrease of malondialdehyde content, an increase of superoxide dismutase, catalase and gutathione peroxidase activities. PUFA could also mitigate the abnormal changes of lipid profiles in plasma and hepatic tissue. Moreover, the relative mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor-1, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, fatty acid synthase, and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, was suppressed by PUFA in pregnant diabetic rats.

Conclusions
These results suggested that PUFA supplementation during pregnancy is beneficial in preventing diabetic complications in pregnant rats.
NIATx-TI versus typical product training on e-health technology implementation: a clustered randomized controlled trial study protocol
Authors: White Veronica M. , Molfenter Todd , Gustafson David H. , Horst Julie , Greller Rachelle , Gustafson David H. , Kim Jee-Seon , Preuss Eric , Cody Olivia , Pisitthakarm Praan , Toy Alexander 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Substance use disorders (SUDs) lead to tens-of-thousands of overdose deaths and other forms of preventable deaths in the USA each year. This results in over $500 billion per year in societal and economic costs as well as a considerable amount of grief for loved ones of affected individuals. Despite these health and societal consequences, only a small percentage of people seek treatment for SUDs, and the majority of those that seek help fail to achieve long-term sobriety. E-health applications in healthcare have proven to be effective at sustaining treatment and reaching patients traditional treatment pathways would have missed. However, e-health adoption and sustainment rates in healthcare are poor, especially in the SUD treatment sector. Implementation engineering can address this gap in the e-health field by augmenting existing implementation models, which explain organizational and individual e-health behaviors retrospectively, with prospective resources that can guide implementation.

Methods
This cluster randomized control trial is designed to test two implementation strategies at adopting an evidence-based mobile e-health technology for SUD treatment. The proposed e-health implementation model is the Network for the Improvement of Addiction Treatment–Technology Implementation (NIATx-TI) Framework. This project, based in Iowa, will compare a control condition (using a typical software product training approach that includes in-person staff training followed by access to on-line support) to software implementation utilizing NIATx-TI, which includes change management training, followed by coaching on how to implement and use the mobile application. While e-health spans many modalities and health disciplines, this project will focus on implementing the Addiction Comprehensive Health Enhancement Support System (A-CHESS), an evidence-based SUD treatment recovery app framework. This trial will be conducted in Iowa at 46 organizational sites within 12 SUD treatment agencies. The control arm consists of 23 individual treatment sites based at five organizations, and the intervention arm consists of 23 individual SUD treatment sites based at seven organizations

Discussion
This study addresses an issue of substantial public health significance: enhancing the uptake of the growing inventory of patient-centered evidence-based addiction treatment e-health technologies.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03954184. Posted 17 May 2019
Revesz syndrome revisited
Authors: Karremann Michael , Neumaier-Probst Eva , Schlichtenbrede Frank , Beier Fabian , Brümmendorf Tim H. , Cremer Friedrich W. , Bader Peter , Dürken Matthias 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Revesz syndrome (RS) is an extremely rare variant of dyskeratosis congenita (DKC) with only anecdotal reports in the literature.

Methods
To further characterize the typical features and natural course of the disease, we screened the English literature and summarized the clinical and epidemiological features of previously published RS cases. In addition, we herein describe the first recorded patient in central Europe.

Results
The literature review included 18 children. Clinical features are summarized, indicating a low prevalence of the classical DKC triad. All patients experienced early bone marrow failure, in most cases within the second year of life (median age 1.5 years; 95% CI 1.4–1.6). Retinopathy occurred typically between 6 and 18 months of age (median age 1.1 years; 95% CI 0.7–1.5). The incidence of seizures was low and was present in an estimated 20% of patients. The onset of seizures was exclusively during early childhood. The Kaplan–Meier estimate of survival was dismal (median survival 6.5 years; 95% CI 3.6–9.4), and none of the patients survived beyond the age of 12 years. Stem cell transplantation (SCT) was performed in eight children, and after a median of 22 months from SCT four of these patients were alive at the last follow up visit.

Conclusion
RS is a severe variant of DKC with early bone marrow failure and retinopathy in all patients. Survival is dismal, but stem cell transplantation may be performed successfully and might improve prognosis in the future.
Myocardial disease and ventricular arrhythmia in Marfan syndrome: a prospective study
Authors: Muiño-Mosquera Laura , De Wilde Hans , Devos Daniel , Babin Danilo , Jordaens Luc , Demolder Anthony , De Groote Katya , De Wolf Daniel , De Backer Julie 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Aortic root dilatation and—dissection and mitral valve prolapse are established cardiovascular manifestations in Marfan syndrome (MFS). Heart failure and arrhythmic sudden cardiac death have emerged as additional causes of morbidity and mortality.

Methods
To characterize myocardial dysfunction and arrhythmia in MFS we conducted a prospective longitudinal case–control study including 86 patients with MFS (55.8% women, mean age 36.3 yr—range 13–70 yr–) and 40 age—and sex-matched healthy controls. Cardiac ultrasound, resting and ambulatory ECG (AECG) and NT-proBNP measurements were performed in all subjects at baseline. Additionally, patients with MFS underwent 2 extra evaluations during 30 ± 7 months follow-up. To study primary versus secondary myocardial involvement, patients with MFS were divided in 2 groups: without previous surgery and normal/mild valvular function (MFS-1; N = 55) and with previous surgery or valvular dysfunction (MFS-2; N = 31).

Results
Compared to controls, patients in MFS-1 showed mild myocardial disease reflected in a larger left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), lower TAPSE and higher amount of (supra) ventricular extrasystoles [(S)VES]. Patients in MFS-2 were more severely affected. Seven patients (five in MFS-2) presented decreased LV ejection fraction. Twenty patients (twelve in MFS-2) had non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) in at least one AECG. Larger LVEDD and higher amount of VES were independently associated with NSVT.

Conclusion
Our study shows mild but significant myocardial involvement in patients with MFS. Patients with previous surgery or valvular dysfunction are more severely affected. Evaluation of myocardial function with echocardiography and AECG should be considered in all patients with MFS, especially in those with valvular disease and a history of cardiac surgery.
Iatrogenic sciatic nerve injury during liposuction and fat tissue grafting: a preventable surgical complication with devastating patient outcomes
Authors: Abdallah Ibrahim E. , Ayoub Rita , Sawaya Raja , Saba Salim C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Liposuction and autologous fat transplantation represent widely used techniques in plastic surgery to correct or enhance contour irregularities in the face and body. While these techniques are assumed to be safe, liposuction and fat grafting impose a hidden risk for serious preventable surgical complications and adverse patient outcomes. We hereby report two cases of iatrogenic sciatic nerve injury and provide recommendations on how to prevent this serious surgical complication.

Case presentation
We present two cases of sciatic nerve injury - one related to liposuction and the other related to gluteal lipo-augmentation. The first case is a 20-year-old female who presented to our institution with right leg weakness one week after undergoing scar revision and fat grafting in the left peri-oral region to correct peri-oral cicatricial banding and tissue atrophy. Fat was harvested from the medial thigh using a 3-mm cannula with low-pressure manual suction, utilizing minimal tumescent solution. Nerve conduction velocity and electromyography testing suggested a right-sided sciatic nerve lesion as a result of direct trauma. The patient was observed for a period of 4 months during which time she underwent physical therapy. At four months post-operatively, she had recovered completely. The second case is that of a 39-year-old female who presented to our institution with left-sided weakness of foot eversion and dorsiflexion five days after she had undergone liposuction of the thighs, flanks, and abdomen in addition to gluteal lipo-augmentation at an outside facility. The patient had undergone super wet liposuction in the areas of the abdomen, flanks and thighs. 200 mL of collected fat was then transplanted into each buttock at multiple levels. Post-operative computed tomography and electroneurography revealed acute left sided sciatic injury consistent with direct trauma to or compression of the sciatic nerve. The patient underwent an extensive regimen of physical therapy. Three months post-operatively, the patient had regained some motor function, but was lost to follow-up thereafter.

Conclusion
The sciatic nerve is relatively superficial and vulnerable to injury in the upper thigh and lower buttock regions. Therefore, extreme care should be taken when working in these areas to avoid direct or indirect injury to the sciatic nerve by compression or traction.
Soil inoculation of Trichoderma asperellum M45a regulates rhizosphere microbes and triggers watermelon resistance to Fusarium wilt
Authors: Zhang Yi , Tian Cheng , Xiao Jiling , Wei Lin , Tian Yun , Liang Zhihuai 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFusarium wilt (FW) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON) is a soil-borne disease that seriously limits watermelon production. In the present study, Trichoderma asperellum (T. asperellum) M45a was shown to be an effective biocontrol agent against FW. In a pot experiment, the application of 105 cfu/g of T. asperellum M45a granules had an improved control effect on FW during the blooming period (up to 67.44%) in soils subjected to five years of continuous cropping with watermelon, while the average length of watermelon vines was also significantly improved (P < 0.05). Additionally, the acid phosphatase (ACP), cellulase (CL), catalase (CAT), and sucrase (SC) activities in the M45a-inoculation group were significantly higher than those in the control (CK) group, and transformation of the soil nutrients (total N, NO3-N, and available P) was significantly increased. Moreover, T. asperellum M45a inoculation reduced fungal diversity, increased bacterial diversity and especially enhanced the relative abundance of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), such as Trichoderma, Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Actinomadura, and Rhodanobacter. Through functional prediction, the relative abundance of ectomycorrhiza, endophytes, animal pathotrophs, and saprotrophs in the fungal community was determined to be significantly lower than that observed in the M45a-treated soil. Correlation analysis revealed that Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, and Trichoderma had the most differences in terms of microorganism abundance, and these differences were positively correlated with ACP, CL, CAT, and SC. These findings provide guidance for the use of fungicides to achieve microecological control of FW in continuously cropped watermelon plots.
Existence and Ulam stability for impulsive generalized Hilfer-type fractional differential equations
Authors: Salim Abdelkrim , Benchohra Mouffak , Karapınar Erdal , Lazreg Jamal Eddine 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this manuscript, we examine the existence and the Ulam stability of solutions for a class of boundary value problems for nonlinear implicit fractional differential equations with instantaneous impulses in Banach spaces. The results are based on fixed point theorems of Darbo and Mönch associated with the technique of measure of noncompactness. We provide some examples to indicate the applicability of our results.
On the Neumann eigenvalues for second-order Sturm–Liouville difference equations
Authors: Cheng Yan-Hsiou 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe paper is concerned with the Neumann eigenvalues for second-order Sturm–Liouville difference equations. By analyzing the new discriminant function, we show the interlacing properties between the periodic, antiperiodic, and Neumann eigenvalues. Moreover, when the potential sequence is symmetric and symmetric monotonic, we show the order relation between the first Dirichlet eigenvalue and the second Neumann eigenvalue, and prove that the minimum of the first Neumann eigenvalue gap is attained at the constant potential sequence.
Preparation and characterization of different geometrical shapes of multi-bore hollow fiber membranes and application in vacuum membrane distillation
Authors: El-Zanati Elham M. , Farg Eman , Taha Esraa , El-Gendi Ayman , Abdallah Heba 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMulti-bore hollow fiber membranes were prepared through phase inversion spinning process using new locally designed spinnerets of various geometrical shapes. The spun cylindrical-like, rectangular or ribbon-like, and triangular-like are prepared, dried, and characterized by scanning electronic microscope. Fibers of circular (seven, five, and four bores) shape, rectangular of five bores, and triangular of three bores were chosen to study the effect of both geometrical configuration and the number of bores on the amorphous structure and the mechanical properties of the membranes. Membrane geometry, surface amorphous, and bore arrangements are very sensitive to the operating conditions, especially the extrusion and drawing rates. Three polymeric blends of different compositions are used to prepare multi-bore hollow fiber membranes. This study revealed that the blend composition of PES 16%, PVP 2%, PEG 2%, diethylene glycol 2%, and NMP 78% gives excellent mechanical properties. Optimization of the preparation conditions also developed, where the dope flow rate, the bore flow rate, and the air gap were 1.14 cm3 s−1, 1.1 cm3 s−1, and 0 cm, respectively. Furthermore, this study proved that the circular arrangement has high mechanical strength. The prepared seven-MBHF membranes were applied in the membrane distillation process, a solution of 35 g/l NaCl was used to test the membrane performance, and the achieved flux and rejection were 28.32 L/m2 h and 98.9%, respectively. This performance demonstrated that the prepared membrane in this way is suitable to compete with conventional reverse osmosis technology that uses single track hollow fibers.