bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain atrophy and employment in multiple sclerosis patients: a 10-year follow-up study
Authors: Jacobsen Cecilie , Zivadinov Robert , Myhr Kjell-Morten , Dalaker Turi O , Dalen Ingvild , Bergsland Niels , Farbu Elisabeth 
Published: January 2020

Background Multiple sclerosis is often associated with unemployment. The contribution of grey matter atrophy to unemployment is unclear. Objectives To identify magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers of grey matter and clinical symptoms associated with unemployment in multiple sclerosis patients. Methods Demographic, clinical data and 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging scans were collected in 81 patients at the time of inclusion and after 5 and 10 years. Global and tissue-specific volumes were calculated at each time point. Statistical analysis was performed using a mixed linear model. Results At baseline 31 (38%) of the patients were unemployed, at 5-year follow-up 44 (59%) and at 10-year follow-up 34 (81%) were unemployed. The unemployed patients had significantly lower subcortical deep grey matter volume ( P < 0.001), specifically thalamus, pallidus, putamen and hippocampal volumes, and cortical volume ( P = 0.011); and significantly greater T1 ( P < 0.001)/T2 ( P < 0.001) lesion volume than the employed patient group at baseline. Subcortical deep grey matter volumes, and to a lesser degree cortical volume, were significantly associated with unemployment throughout the follow-up. Conclusion We found significantly greater atrophy of subcortical deep grey matter and cortical volume at baseline and during follow-up in the unemployed patient group. Atrophy of subcortical deep grey matter showed a stronger association to unemployment than atrophy of cortical volume during the follow-up.
Incidence and predictors of early seizures in intracerebral haemorrhage and the effect of tranexamic acid
Authors: Law Zhe Kang , England Timothy J , Mistri Amit K , Woodhouse Lisa J , Cala Lesley , Dineen Rob , Ozturk Serefnur , Beridze Maia , Collins Ronan , Bath Philip M , Sprigg Nikola 
Published: January 2020

Introduction Seizures are common after intracerebral haemorrhage. Tranexamic acid increases the risk of seizures in non-intracerebral haemorrhage population but its effect on post-intracerebral haemorrhage seizures is unknown. We explored the risk factors and outcomes of seizures after intracerebral haemorrhage and if tranexamic acid increased the risk of seizures in the Tranexamic acid for IntraCerebral Haemorrhage-2 trial. Patients and methods Seizures were reported prospectively up to day 90. Cox regression analyses were used to determine the predictors of seizures within 90 days and early seizures (≤7 days). We explored the effect of early seizures on day 90 outcomes. Results Of 2325 patients recruited, 193 (8.3%) had seizures including 163 (84.5%) early seizures and 30 (15.5%) late seizures (>7 days). Younger age (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.98 per year increase, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97–0.99; p = 0.008), lobar haematoma (aHR 5.84, 95%CI 3.58–9.52; p < 0.001), higher National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (aHR 1.03, 95%CI 1.01–1.06; p = 0.014) and previous stroke (aHR 1.66, 95%CI 1.11–2.47; p = 0.013) were associated with early seizures. Tranexamic acid did not increase the risk of seizure within 90 days. Early seizures were associated with worse modified Rankin Scale (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.79, 95%CI 1.12–2.86, p = 0.015) and increased risk of death (aOR 3.26, 95%CI 1.98–5.39; p < 0.001) at day 90. Discussion and conclusion: Lobar haematoma was the strongest independent predictor of early seizures after intracerebral haemorrhage. Tranexamic acid did not increase the risk of post-intracerebral haemorrhage seizures in the first 90 days. Early seizures resulted in worse functional outcome and increased risk of death.
Proteomic analysis of degradation ubiquitin signaling by ubiquitin occupancy changes responding to 26S proteasome inhibition
Authors: Hristova Ventzislava , Sun Shisheng , Zhang Hui , Chan Daniel W. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification where ubiquitin is covalently attached to lysine residues on substrate proteins to signal their degradation by the 26S proteasome or initiate other non-degradation functions such as cellular trafficking. The diversity of ubiquitin modifications can be attributed to the variable number of ubiquitin molecules attached to a lysine residue (mono- vs. poly-ubiquitin chains), the type of covalent linkages within poly-ubiquitin chains and the number of lysine residues on a substrate that are occupied by ubiquitin at any given time. The integral role ubiquitination plays in cell homeostasis is reflected by the multitude of diseases associated with impaired ubiquitin modification, rendering it the focus of extensive research initiatives and proteomic discovery studies. However, determining the functional role of distinct ubiquitin modifications directly from proteomic data remains challenging and represents a bottleneck in the process of deciphering how ubiquitination at specific substrate sites impacts cell signaling.

Methods
In this study SILAC coupled with LC–MS/MS is used to identify ubiquitinated proteins in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells, with the implementation of a computational approach that measures relative ubiquitin occupancy at distinct modification sites upon 26S proteasome inhibition and uses that data to infer functional significance.

Results
In addition to identifying and quantifying relative ubiquitin occupancy at distinct post-translational modification sites to distinguish degradation from non-degradation signaling, this research led to the discovery of nine ubiquitination sites in the oncoprotein HER2 that have not been previously reported in ovarian cancer. Subsequently the computational approach applied in this study was utilized to infer the functional role of individual HER2 ubiquitin-modified residues.

Conclusions
In summary, the computational method, previously described for glycosylation analysis, was used in this study for the assessment of ubiquitin stoichiometries and applied directly to proteomic data to distinguish degradation from non-degradation ubiquitin functions.
Metabolic engineering of Zymomonas mobilis for anaerobic isobutanol production
Authors: Qiu Mengyue , Shen Wei , Yan Xiongyin , He Qiaoning , Cai Dongbo , Chen Shouwen , Wei Hui , Knoshaug Eric P. , Zhang Min , Himmel Michael E. , Yang Shihui 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Biofuels and value-added biochemicals derived from renewable biomass via biochemical conversion have attracted considerable attention to meet global sustainable energy and environmental goals. Isobutanol is a four-carbon alcohol with many advantages that make it attractive as a fossil-fuel alternative. Zymomonas mobilis is a highly efficient, anaerobic, ethanologenic bacterium making it a promising industrial platform for use in a biorefinery.

Results
In this study, the effect of isobutanol on Z. mobilis was investigated, and various isobutanol-producing recombinant strains were constructed. The results showed that the Z. mobilis parental strain was able to grow in the presence of isobutanol below 12 g/L while concentrations greater than 16 g/L inhibited cell growth. Integration of the heterologous gene encoding 2-ketoisovalerate decarboxylase such as kdcA from Lactococcus lactis is required for isobutanol production in Z. mobilis. Moreover, isobutanol production increased from nearly zero to 100–150 mg/L in recombinant strains containing the kdcA gene driven by the tetracycline-inducible promoter Ptet. In addition, we determined that overexpression of a heterologous als gene and two native genes (ilvC and ilvD) involved in valine metabolism in a recombinant Z. mobilis strain expressing kdcA can divert pyruvate from ethanol production to isobutanol biosynthesis. This engineering improved isobutanol production to above 1 g/L. Finally, recombinant strains containing both a synthetic operon, als-ilvC-ilvD, driven by Ptet and the kdcA gene driven by the constitutive strong promoter, Pgap, were determined to greatly enhance isobutanol production with a maximum titer about 4.0 g/L. Finally, isobutanol production was negatively affected by aeration with more isobutanol being produced in more poorly aerated flasks.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that overexpression of kdcA in combination with a synthetic heterologous operon, als-ilvC-ilvD, is crucial for diverting pyruvate from ethanol production for enhanced isobutanol biosynthesis. Moreover, this study also provides a strategy for harnessing the valine metabolic pathway for future production of other pyruvate-derived biochemicals in Z. mobilis.
Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy: a case report
Authors: Shah Suhal , Wang Richard , Vieux Ulrick 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Hyperammonemic encephalopathy is a rare and serious adverse reaction to valproate. Although there is documentation of this reaction in previous reports, very little is still known about the exact mechanism of action. In addition, there are no established guidelines of the next steps needed when a patient does develop this reaction. Therefore, this case report highlights what is known as well as the areas of research still needed.

Case presentation
Our patient was a 57-year-old Caucasian woman with a medical history of bipolar I disorder, opioid use disorder, benzodiazepine use disorder, and Crohn’s disease who was admitted to our behavioral health unit for suicidal ideation. She had been experiencing multiple panic attacks for 2.5 weeks along with poor sleep, increased energy, excessive spending, and feelings of helplessness. The patient was diagnosed with bipolar I disorder, manic episode without psychotic features, and benzodiazepine use disorder. She was started on valproic acid, citalopram, propranolol, and quetiapine. By day 6 of her hospitalization, the patient had altered mental status, varying levels of consciousness, confusion, and ataxic gait. Her ammonia levels were found to be elevated. All of her medications were discontinued, and lactulose was initiated. She returned to her baseline mentation within 48 hours and was discharged with lithium and quetiapine. The treatment team concluded that this patient had valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy, a rare but reversible reaction to valproate.

Conclusion
Fortunately, rapid identification of this rare condition led to a favorable outcome in our patient. This case report illustrates the course of treatment in a patient who experienced this reaction and reviews current knowledge as well as areas of needed research in regard to valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy.
Thyrotropin Receptor Transcripts in Human Adipose Tissue
Authors: Crisp Ms , Lane C , Halliwell M , Wynford-Thomas D , Ludgate M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is generally considered to have an autoimmune pathogenesis but the target antigen has yet to be identified. It is most frequently associated with Graves’ disease and there is some logic in assuming that the same antigen, the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR), is the common link. Previous studies, mostly PCR based, aimed at investigating TSHR transcripts in the orbit, have yielded conflicting results, although there is circumstantial evidence for their presence in orbital fat. In this study, we have examined adult human adipose and muscle tissues from various locations, initially by PCR and subsequently by northern blot. We obtained the expected 610bp product in normal intestinal and orbital fat but not skeletal muscle, following two rounds of PCR amplification but only when reverse transcription used a TSHR specific primer. In northern blots, despite loading all of the RNA obtained from total normal orbital fat contents, TSHR transcripts were at the limit of detection and similarly for large samples of intestinal fat. The exception was RNA obtained from TAO orbital fat, in which TSHR transcripts of 4.6 and 1.7kb were clearly visible, as in the thyroid. We conclude that normal adult adipose tissues contain low levels of TSHR transcripts. In TAO, TSHR transcripts are elevated probably due to an increased number of cells, in particular of preadipocytes in orbital adipose tissue.
THE FEATURES OF MYOCARDIAL HEMODYNAMIC AND VEGETATIVE HOMEOSTASIS IN ATHLETES OF DIFFERENT QUALIFICATIONS FROM ACYCLIC SPORTS
Authors: Bykov E , Balberova O , Sabiryanova E , Chipyshev A 
Published: January 2020

Aim. The article deals with studying the functional status of the cardiovascular system and the features of its regulation in athletes of different qualifications from acyclic sports. Materials and methods. Male athletes of different qualifications aged 18–22 years and involved in acyclic sports participated in the study. A complex noninvasive bioimpedance study of HRV and hemodynamics was conducted with the Centaur (Microlux) system. The study of morphofunctional indicators of the myocardium was performed with echocardiography. Results. In athletes with the rank of Master of Sports adaptation to physical training is implemented through the increase in stroke volume, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, the humoral metabolic activity of heart rate regulation, and myocardial thickening. In the athletes of the 1st and 2nd ranks, there is a predominance of sympathetic activity in heart rate regulation and the chronotropic mechanism in response to physical load, which proves their less perfect adaptation. Conclusion. Based on the results obtained in the transition period of training the features of myocardial hemodynamic and vegetative homeostasis were revealed. Namely, the increase in qualifications and sports performance enhancement are determined by both morphofunctional changes in the heart, and the improvement of heart rate regulation mechanisms and cardiac contractile function.
Godność, codzienność, wsparcie osób starszych z niepełnosprawnością
Authors: SZCZUPAŁ BERNADETA 
Published: January 2020

Bernadeta Szczupał, Dignity, everyday life, support for seniors with disabilities, Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, No. 22, Poznań 2018. Pp. 15–26. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.22.02
The process of ageing is an inevitable life phenomenon in both the individual and social aspects. With the growing life expectancy of humans, the way of living in the old age becomes a challenge in the context of respect for the dignity of the elderly. In this article, I present selected theoretical issues concerning the sense of dignity, everyday life and helplessness of elderly people with disabilities, which is unfortunately often associated with it. I also show the complexity of contemporary problems and expectations and the challenges faced by older people with disabilities.
Zabawa dzieci z autyzmem w oddziaływaniach terapeutycznych – instrumentalna czy autoteliczna?
Authors: CHARBICKA MAGDALENA 
Published: January 2020

Magdalena Charbicka, Zabawa dzieci z autyzmem w oddziaływaniach terapeutycznych – instrumentalna czy autoteliczna? [Play in autistic children in therapeuticwards – instrumental or autotelic?]. Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty PedagogikiSpecjalnej, nr 22, Poznań 2018. Pp. 105-125. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.22.06
Play is a typical and natural activity in children, which introduces it to the real world. It plays an uncommonly important function, thanks to the which the little person learns and gains information about their environment, the properties of objects, social relations or other rules. This area is different in children with autism. In most cases, play is accompanied by significant deficits, and the burden of focus of revalidation influences remains on the development of areas that are more disturbed, such as communication, disturbances in social interactions or behaviour hindering functioning. In course of therapeutic work, we sometimes forget the seemingly trivial activity that the playing of a child may be in view of adults. Considering this, it is worthwhile to take a look at the role ascribe to play by specialists over the years, and what it looks like in autistic children.
Wpływ stresu na życie rodziców dziecka z zaburzeniami ze spektrum autyzmu
Authors: BEDNÁROVÁ LUCIA 
Published: January 2020

Lucia Bednárová, The significance of stress in parents of a child with Autism Spectrum Disorders, Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, No. 22, Poznań 2018. Pp. 121–132. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.22.07
The literature review focuses on the importance of stress in parents of a child with autism spectrum disorders, which significantly affects family life. The main cause of the burden are accompanying difficulties that are the part of disorder. This applies to specific reactions such as fits of anger, self-harm, psychomotor agitation, eating disorders, sleep disorders and other troubles which require almost 24-hour care. This review assesses several research studies that deal with the issue and which can be examples of good practice.
Ocena sztuki osób z niepełnosprawnością wzroku przez dzieci i dorosłych
Authors: SZUBIELSKA MAGDALENA , PASTERNAK KATARZYNA , WÓJTOWICZ MARZENA , SZYMAŃSKA ANNA 
Published: January 2020

Magdalena Szubielska, Katarzyna Pasternak, Marzena Wójtowicz, Anna Szymańska, Ocena sztuki osób z niepełnosprawnością wzroku przez dzieci i dorosłych [Evaluation of art of people with visual impairment by children and adults]. Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, nr 22, Poznań 2018. Pp. 167-183. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.22.10
The aim of the study was to determine whether the age of the audience of the exhibition influences the assessment of aesthetic preferences of artistic products made up by people with visual impairment. The research was conducted to give an answer if there are differences in the preferences of different categories of artworks created by artists who are blind or low vision. The research consisted in the evaluation of raised-line drawings, photographs, sculptures and the tactile picturebook. These artistic products were presented in the art gallery. The assessments were made on a 5-point scale, where the respondents indicated how much they liked the artworks they were watching. In the study participated 118 people, including 80 children and 38 adults. It turned out that age and type of art had an interactive impact on the aesthetic assessment. Age differences in aesthetic preference werefound in reference to drawings and picture books. The visual art created by people with sight impairment was evaluated very positively.
Autostygmatyzacja osób z niepełnosprawnością wzrokową
Authors: GŁADYSZEWSKA-CYLULKO JOANNA 
Published: January 2020

Joanna Gładyszewska-Cylulko, Self-stigma in the visually impaired, Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, No. 22, Poznań 2018. Pp. 179–193. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.22.11
The blind and visually impaired are one of the groups prone to stigma. Stigma imposed by social environment may lead to self-stigma, that is expressing negative opinions about oneself as a result of the carried sigma. Self-stigma usually develops in three stages: first the stigmatised person realizes that they have been stereotyped, then they accept the stereotype and finally apply it to themselves. Thus, to develop selfstigma, the person has to be aware that they are perceived by the society in a stereotypical way (a blind person is usually perceived as passive, dependent and reliant on other people’s help), accept it and acknowledge themselves that this is their real image. Not every visually impaired person is will develop self-stigma. The article presents selected factors and preventive measures that may reduce the risk of self-stigma.
Umiejętności komunikacyjne dzieci z zespołem Downa
Authors: JĘDRZEJOWSKA AGNIESZKA 
Published: January 2020

Agnieszka Jędrzejowska, Umiejętności komunikacyjne dzieci z zespołem Downa [Communication skills of children with Down Syndrome]. Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, nr 22, Poznań 2018. Pp. 201-218. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.22.12
The purpose of this article is to present the results of research concern setting of functional cooperation with the interlocutor in children with Down syndrome in a peer group. Analysis of the results indicates the relationship between methods of therapy and development of children with Down syndrome. The methods of Alterantive and Augmentative Communication (AAC) are important in achieving success in building relationships for children with problems with verbal communication. Secondly, peer group is important to increase social skills. This research show that children with Downe syndrome need similar friends. This leads to the coclussion that group with homogeneous disability is area of development.
Opór jako fenomen interdyscyplinarny – inspiracje dla pedagogiki specjalnej
Authors: GUMIENNY BEATA 
Published: January 2020

Beata Gumienny, Opór jako fenomen interdyscyplinarny – inspiracje dla pedagogiki specjalnej [Resistance as an interdisciplinary phenomenon – inspiration for special education]. Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, nr 22, Poznań 2018. Pp. 239-258. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.22.14
The article is concerned with the issue of resistance, with particular focus on the philosophical, sociological, psychological and educational adumbration. The interdisciplinary notion of the resistance phoneme constitutes a contribution to its introduction to the special education area, to the world of persons with disabilities. Moreover, attention was drawn to the learning environment as a place triggering the students’ resistance to the school system and authority. The undertaken considerations have been located in the critical theory, defining the stance on authoritarianism, injustice, emancipation or liberation, and especially on stigmatization, marginalization and exclusion.
Znaczenia niepełnosprawności intelektualnej w dyskursie internautów
Authors: WOYNAROWSKA AGNIESZKA 
Published: January 2020

Agnieszka Woynarowska, Znaczenia niepełnosprawności intelektualnej w dyskursie internautów [The meanings of intellectual disability within the internet discourse]. Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, nr 22, Poznań 2018. Pp. 259-287. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.22.15
In the following article, the author presents an analysis of meanings projected onto intellectual disabilities by the internet users by referring to the cultural model of disability, the theory of social constructivism, as well as, to the post-structuralist discourse theories. In accordance with the cultural model of disability theory, the author perceives intellectual disability as generated by social practices, and as a “product” of discourse. A discourse perceived as a “system of statements” and as a practice that shapes the subjects which it speaks of. From this perspective, intellectual disability is perceived as a phenomenon created by its continuing interpretations. By applying the critical discourse analysis, the article presents an answer tok users? The presented means of comprehending and perceiving intellectual disability, its revealed meanings included in the internet discourse dthe question: how is intellectual disability defined and interpreted within the internet discourse, what meanings are projected onto intellectual disability by the networetermine the current assortment of practices regarding how society responds to otherness.