bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Ultrahigh‐Strength Polybenzimidazole Fibers via a Novel and Green Integrated Liquid Crystal Spinning Process
Authors: Sun Guohua , Zhang Mengying , Chen Nanjun , Niu Hongqing , Qi Shengli , Wu Dezhen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHerein, the first example of ultrahigh‐strength polybenzimidazole (PBI) fibers using a PBI solution in liquid crystal state is reported via a novel and green integrated spinning technology. Microwave‐assisted polycondensation is utilized to synthesize the polybenzimidazole/polyphosphoric acid liquid crystal spinning solution and pure water is employed as the coagulating and washing bath to afford a green fabrication process. The green integrated spinning technology is eco‐friendly, cheap, and conducive for the large‐scale production of PBI fibers. The as‐prepared PBI fibers display superb flame retardancy, and the outstanding thermal stability of PBI fiber enables it to preserve structural integrity at temperatures as high as 600 °C. More significantly, it prepared the ultrahigh‐strength of PBI fiber up to 0.91 GPa, which is two times than that of the reported PBI fibers, marking a significant breakthrough for the high‐performance PBI fibers.
Impact of a national collegiate soil judging competition on student learning and attitudes
Authors: Rees Gordon L. , Johnson Daniel K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe annual National Collegiate Soils Contest (NCSC) has long been anecdotally recognized as a beneficial event for participating students to practice soil profile descriptions and landscape interpretations. The objective of this study was to quantify student learning outcomes and to identify how students’ perspectives shifted over the course of the week‐long 2019 NCSC, which was hosted by California Polytechnic State University in the San Luis Obispo, CA, area. Participants were asked to complete voluntary pre‐ and post‐contest surveys related to attitudes toward soil science and their knowledge of soil profile description and landscape interpretation, measured using a five‐point Likert scale. Open‐ended questions, which allowed free responses, were also included. Eighty‐three participants completed the pre‐contest survey, and 62 students completed the post‐contest survey. Student understanding increased significantly for five of the seven topics pertaining to soil‐judging‐related skills. Most participants had very positive attitudes toward soil science and soil judging, both pre‐ and post‐contest. Very few significant differences occurred between genders and majors. The most common positive comments were related to location‐based learning, whereas negative comments included environmental factors, such as sun and heat, and long days. Overall, participants indicated the contest was a positive and meaningful educational event, especially for location‐based learning.
Reproductive intentions in mothers of young children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Schultz Corinna L. , Tchume‐Johnson Trudy , Jackson Tannoa , Enninful‐Eghan Henrietta , Schapira Marilyn M. , Smith‐Whitley Kim 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundSickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive hemoglobinopathy associated with morbidity and mortality. We sought to understand family planning intentions of parents of young children with SCD including the awareness of three reproductive options (adoption, in vitro fertilization with egg/sperm donation [IVFD], in vitro fertilization [IVF] with preimplantation genetic testing [IVF/PGT]) to decrease the risk of having a child with SCD.ProcedureQualitative, semistructured, one‐on‐one interviews with 18 female parents of young children with SCD at an urban, tertiary care pediatric hospital.ResultsHalf of the parents knew their hemoglobinopathy status or their partner's status before pregnancy. Eight parents chose to have no further children because of fear of SCD in another child. Awareness of reproductive options prior to study enrollment was limited. After brief introduction, 7 parents would consider adoption, 2 IVFD, and 10 IVF/PGT. Desire for a biological child, fear of parental jealousy, ethical or religious considerations, and cost affected the acceptability of these options. Participants universally wanted information about reproductive options available to others prior to pregnancy.ConclusionsThere is limited awareness and variable acceptability of alternative reproductive options available to decrease the risk of a future child having SCD. Participants universally endorsed the need for education regarding hemoglobinopathy status, SCD, and reproductive options prior to pregnancy because for many participants having a child with SCD affected their reproductive intentions. Educational interventions to ensure informed reproductive decision making should be sensitive to desires for a biological child, and ethical and financial considerations.
Mechanical and fracture behavior of MWCNT/ZrO2/epoxy nanocomposite systems: Experimental and numerical study
Authors: Rathi Ankit , Kundalwal Shailesh I. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlthough carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have displayed great potential for enhancement of multifunctional properties of a polymer matrix, still incorporation of CNTs with the polymeric matrices requires further improvement in terms synthesis, processing, functionalization etc. In this study, we decorated the surfaces of multi‐walled CNTs (MWCNTs) by zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) nanoparticles to fully utilize former's remarkable mechanical properties, and then MWCNT/ZrO2‐based hybrid epoxy nanocomposites (MNCs) were synthesized via a novel ultrasonic dual mixing (UDM) technique. The fracture strength and toughness of prepared MNCs were studied using a 3‐point (3‐P) single edge notch bending test. The surface morphology and fracture mechanisms were examined through field emission scanning electron microscope images of the fracture surfaces of samples of MNCs. Apart from experimental investigations, the mechanics of materials (MOM) and finite element (FE) models were also developed to predict the effective elastic properties of two‐ and three‐phase MNCs. The mechanical response of MNC‐based beams was studied using 3‐P bending test via FE simulations and the numerical predictions are found to be in good agreement with the experimental results with maximum discrepancy of ~6% at 1 wt% loading of hybrid nanofillers. Our results also reveal that the fracture toughness of MNCs is improved by ~31% compared to the neat epoxy when 1.0 wt% loading of MWCNT/ZrO2 hybrid nanofillers is used to fabricate MNC.
Publication trends for single‐case methodology in school psychology: A systematic review
Authors: Radley Keith C. , Dart Evan H. , Fischer Aaron J. , Collins Tai A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSingle‐case design (SCD) is a research methodology that may be utilized to establish the presence of a functional relation between an independent and dependent variable. Recent research has found the design to frequently be used within school psychology in the evaluation of intervention procedures. However, the overall prevalence of the design within the broader school psychology literature is unknown. As such, the purpose of the current review was to identify trends in the use of SCD within school psychology publications. Furthermore, the review sought to identify institutions and journals that most frequently published SCD. Finally, the review sought to evaluate trends in experimental rigor of published SCD. Twelve journals were examined, with all publications since their inception reviewed and classified by publication type. Results of the review indicated that SCD was the least frequently published article type. However, data indicate an increase in the prevalence and rigor of the design in recent years. Whereas some journals and institutions were found to have steady rates of SCD publications, others were found to have recent increases in the publication of the design. Implications of findings as they pertain to practitioner practice and adoption of evidence‐based practice are described.
Synthesis, structures, photophysical properties, and catalytic characteristics of 2,9‐dimesityl‐1,10‐phenanthroline (dmesp) transition metal complexes
Authors: Cetin M. Mustafa , Shafiei‐Haghighi Sara , Chen Jiazhen , Zhang Sheng , Miller Amanda C. , Unruh Daniel K. , Casadonte Dominick J. , Lohr Tracy L. , Marks Tobin J. , Mayer Michael F. , Stoddart J. Fraser , Findlater Michael 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe syntheses of the 2,9‐dimesityl‐1,10‐phenanthroline (dmesp) metal complexes, [Cu(dmesp)(MeCN)]PF6 (1), [Cu(dmesp)2]PF6 (2), Fe(dmesp)Cl2 (3), Co(dmesp)Cl2 (4), Ni(dmesp)Cl2 (5), Zn(dmesp)Cl2 (6), Pd(dmesp)MeCl (7), Cu(dmesp)Cl (8), and Pd(dmesp)2Cl2 (9), in good to high yields are described. These complexes were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, HR–MS (ESI and/or APPI), and elemental analysis (CHN). The solid‐state structures of complexes 1–8 were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis and their photophysical properties were also characterized. To demonstrate the versatility of this new platform, complexes 3–5, 8, and 9 were employed in the catalytic oligomerization of ethylene using modified methyl aluminoxane (MMAO) as the cocatalyst, where Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes (4 and 5, respectively) were found to exhibit moderate selectivity for catalytic dimerization of ethylene to butenes over tri‐ or tetramerization. Complex 8 is an effective catalyst of both the commonly encountered “click” reaction and amine arylation chemistries. Complexes 6 and 9 were found to be excellent catalysts for Friedel‐Crafts alkylation and Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling, respectively.
Decision regret in men living with and beyond nonmetastatic prostate cancer in the United Kingdom: A population‐based patient‐reported outcome study
Authors: Wilding Sarah , Downing Amy , Selby Peter , Cross William , Wright Penny , Watson Eila K. , Wagland Richard , Kind Paul , Donnelly David W. , Hounsome Luke , Mottram Rebecca , Allen Majorie , Kearney Therese , Butcher Hugh , Gavin Anna , Glaser Adam 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveClinical options for managing nonmetastatic prostate cancer (PCa) vary. Each option has side effects associated with it, leading to difficulty in decision‐making. This study aimed to assess the relationship between patient involvement in treatment decision‐making and subsequent decision regret (DR), and quantify the impact of health‐related quality of life (HRQL) outcomes on DR.MethodsMen living in the United Kingdom, 18 to 42 months after diagnosis of PCa, were identified from cancer registration data and sent a questionnaire. Measures included the Decision Regret Scale (DRS), Expanded Prostate cancer Index Composite short form (EPIC‐26), EQ‐5D‐5L, and an item on involvement in treatment decision‐making. Multivariable ordinal regression was utilized, with DR categorized as none, mild, or moderate/severe regret.ResultsA total of 17 193 men with stage I‐III PCa completed the DRS: 36.6% reported no regret, 43.3% mild regret, and 20.0% moderate/severe regret. The odds of reporting DR were greater if men indicated their views were not taken into account odds ratio ([OR] = 6.42, 95% CI: 5.39‐7.64) or were involved “to some extent” in decision‐making (OR = 4.63, 95% CI: 4.27‐5.02), compared with men who were “definitely” involved. After adjustment, including for involvement, men reporting moderate/big problems with urinary, bowel, or sexual function were more likely to experience regret compared with men with no/small problems. Better HRQL scores were associated with lower levels of DR.ConclusionsThis large‐scale study demonstrates the benefit of patient involvement in treatment decision‐making for nonmetastatic PCa. However, men experiencing side effects and poorer HRQL report greater DR. Promoting engagement in clinical decision‐making represents good practice and may reduce the risk of subsequent regret.
Couples coping with cancer together: Successful implementation of a caregiver program as standard of care
Authors: Bitz Courtney , Kent Erin E. , Clark Karen , Loscalzo Matthew 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe couples coping with cancer together program (CCCT) is used to illustrate practical strategies to implement, evaluate, and grow a successful couples‐based program in an NCI‐designated CCC. CCCT is multimodal program utilizing psychoeducational, strategic, strengths‐based, and problem‐solving theoretical frameworks. CCCT integrates multiple intervention modalities, as the standard of care: patients/partners biopsychosocial screening, a standardized psychoeducational session, group intervention, and short‐term couples counseling.MethodsImplementation strategies included: (a) identifyingValues‐Benefits‐Outcomesfor key stakeholders, (b) recruiting an interdisciplinary team, (c) utilizing a concurrent development model (implementing program components in small iterations), (d) integrating program into existing institutional processes, and (e) collecting data and credibility.ResultsCCCT prospectively screened 1995 patients/partners simultaneously for biopsychosocial distress and 913 patient/partner completed program evaluations. Program satisfaction was extremely high: “I recommend this program, for other patients/partners (Patients 95.4% Partners 96.4%).” Ten of the 11 participating physicians anonymously surveyed responded and indicated 100% likely/very likely “to recommend the program to other physicians.”ConclusionsCouples‐based programs are underutilized and have been shown to be important for adjustment and increased longevity. Despite barriers in the healthcare environment, implementing couples‐based programs into standard of care are feasible. These strategies may be applicable to develop supportive care programs in various health‐care settings.
Automatic 3D landmarking model using patch‐based deep neural networks for CT image of oral and maxillofacial surgery
Authors: Ma Qingchuan , Kobayashi Etsuko , Fan Bowen , Nakagawa Keiichi , Sakuma Ichiro , Masamune Ken , Suenaga Hideyuki 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundManual landmarking is a time consuming and highly professional work. Although some algorithm‐based landmarking methods have been proposed, they lack flexibility and may be susceptible to data diversity.MethodsThe CT images from 66 patients who underwent oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) were landmarked manually in MIMICS. Then the CT slices were exported as images for recreating the 3D volume. The coordinate data of landmarks were further processed in Matlab using a principal component analysis (PCA) method. A patch‐based deep neural network model with a three‐layer convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained to obtain landmarks from CT images.ResultsThe evaluating experiment showed that this CNN model could automatically finish landmarking in an average processing time of 37.871 seconds with an average accuracy of 5.785 mm.ConclusionThis study shows a promising potential to relieve the workload of the surgeon and reduces the dependence on human experience for OMS landmarking.
An analysis of science instruction for the science practices: Examining coherence across system levels and components in current systems of science education in K‐8 schools
Authors: Cherbow Kevin , McKinley Megan T. , McNeill Katherine L. , Lowenhaupt Rebecca 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRecent reforms in science education advocate for a vision of learning where students figure out science ideas through engagement in science practices. Consequently, there have been significant efforts to engage K‐12 students in the science practices. However, less research attention has been given to understand how this science‐as‐practice vision manifests across systems of science education. Therefore, we analyzed how coherence among system levels (vertical coherence) and components (horizontal coherence) emerged in science instruction and influenced alignment to current science practice reform. We situated instruction in school systems by shadowing four school principals as they supervised science teaching over 4 months. In each school, we observed institutional settings where efforts to implement science reform were largely assimilated into the school's current instructional and administrative systems. These systems prioritized the coverage of state test‐related information, the promotion of literacy skills, and the importance of “hands‐on” science learning. Therefore, we need to create conditions that support educators in translating reform efforts into a reliable working infrastructure in their teaching practice. Further, we suggest greater attention be given to local protocols to collectivize action across system levels and components to develop coherent and user‐centered solutions for implementation of science reform.
Seismic behavior of highly irregular structures with multiple passive energy dissipation system: Case study of a single‐column elevated station
Authors: Zhuang Liang‐Dong , Nie Xin , Xu Li‐Yan 
Published: February 2020

SummaryThis paper presents a case study of the layout strategy for a multiple passive energy dissipation (MPED) system and its influence on the seismic behavior of highly irregular structures. The investigated structure is a single‐column elevated station in a cantilevered structure form, which is unique and characterized by uneven mass and stiffness distributions in both elevation and plane. To improve seismic resistances of the focused structure, the MPED system composed of multiple types of passive energy dissipation (PED) devices targeting different vulnerabilities is devised. In addition, a high‐fidelity and efficient numerical model is developed to assess the structural seismic performance, by leveraging the secondary development based on proprietary finite‐element analysis package MARC.MSC. The fiber beam–column elements are employed to simulate the composite members under complex loading conditions, and spring elements incorporated with cyclic hardening property are developed to simulate the PED devices. Nonlinear static and time history analysis are conducted for the key substructures and whole structure. The results demonstrate that the MPED system can effectively improve the stiffness, strength, and ductility of the structure and significantly reduce its global responses. A comprehensive evaluation indicates that the MPED system is beneficial for the members directly equipped with PED devices, but the benefits are limited for unprotected members that require special attentions in design to avoid secondary damage. Through this study, valid analysis tools and suggestions are provided for the design of high‐irregular structures with MPED system.
Morphological and molecular analyses of South American Microliabum (Compositae, Liabeae, Paranepheliinae) and reinstatement of Austroliabum
Authors: Gutiérrez Diego G. , Garcia‐Jacas Núria , Susanna Alfonso , Grossi Mariana A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe small Neotropical tribe Liabeae (Compositae) is currently classified into four subtribes: Liabinae, Munnoziinae, Paranepheliinae, and Sinclairiinae. As currently accepted, Paranepheliinae includes seven genera, Chionoppapus, Erato, Microliabum, Paranephelius, Philoglossa, Pseudonoseris, and Stephanbeckia, distributed especially throughout the Andes from Venezuela and Colombia to Argentina. Our research focuses in the genus Microliabum, which inhabits extra‐Andean enviroments from Bolivia to central Argentina. The broad concept of Microliabum and its phylogenetic position within Paranepheliinae are controversial. Bayesian and maximum parsimony analyses of ribosomal nuclear ITS and plastid trnL‐F suggest that both subgenera described within Microliabum are monophyletic. However, Microliabum, without the subgenus Austroliabum, is close to Stephanbeckia. A statistical analysis (PCoA) supports the separation of the subgenera, and morphology mainly based on traits of the involucre and florets permits to establish new taxonomical circumscriptions. Thus, the reinstatement of Austroliabum, the more southern Liabean genus, is here proposed. The genus includes three endemic species from Sub‐Andean and Pampean Hills in central and northwestern Argentina. Austroliabum is characterized by white‐tomentose or woolly pubescence on stems and abaxial leaf surfaces, acrodromous leaf venation, campanulate involucres, coriaceous and adpressed phyllaries in usually five series, outer phyllaries shorter than the inner ones, style branches of disc florets shorter than the pubescent part on the shaft below the bifurcation point, style pubescence on the shaft below the bifurcation point of disc florets at least three times longer than the branches of the style, persistent 2‐seriate pappus with outer series of scales and inner series of barbellate bristles, and achenes pubescent on the ribs. In addition, a revision of Microliabum s.str., with three species, is carried out.
Experimental evaluation for daylight‐linked gradation lighting control using image‐based motion sensors
Authors: Futagami Takuya , Yano Toru , Huang Chingchun , Enohara Takaaki 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this study, we propose a daylight‐linked gradation lighting control, which adjusts the dimming level of a light above an occupant according to daylight and also gradually lowers the dimming level of surrounding lights based on the distance from the occupants by using image‐based motion sensors. We evaluated it in terms of both energy savings and visual comfort of the occupants in comparison experiments. Compared with the individual occupancy control (IC), the actual and simulated median energy savings of daylight‐linked gradation control (DGC) were 27.1 and 28.9%, respectively, per day. The results of a questionnaire consisting of seven questions and using a semantic differential method for scoring visual comfort showed that the DGC tended to improve visual comfort compared with the IC. Further experiments, however, are needed as only four of nine occupants responded to the questions. In addition, we found that the DGC creates a smoother contrast in the office than the IC, which may produce conspicuous changes in illumination intensity. Finally, we analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the DGC on the basis of our experimental results. © 2020 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Noose Carpets: A Novel Method to Capture Rails
Authors: Harrity Eamon J. , Conway Courtney J. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTAvian research may require investigators to capture birds for many reasons, including to collect measurements and attach leg bands or transmitters. The effectiveness and efficiency of capture techniques varies by species, habitat, and time of year. Rails are particularly challenging to capture because of their secretive behavior and the dense vegetation they inhabit. As such, basic natural history questions for many rail species remain unanswered. We paired audio lures with modified noose carpets to capture and study 69 Yuma Ridgway's rails (Rallus obsoletus yumanensis) in the southwestern United States during 2016–2018. We compared results with other more commonly used capture methods, and our results show that noose carpets paired with audio lures can be an effective tool to capture rails, thereby facilitating studies of their ecology and life history. Noose carpets are easy to use, cheap to build and maintain, and effective over a wide range of conditions. This method could be used to capture rails other than the Yuma Ridgway's rail by adjusting the noose size, noose line weight, and audio lures to match the target species. Published 2020. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.