bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Chronic Hypertension in Pregnancy in Three Administrative Data Sources Among Medicaid‐Funded Births in California
Authors: Delker Erin , Baer Rebecca J. , Chambers Christina D. , Bandoli Gretchen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeAdministrative data sources are used to describe the epidemiology of chronic hypertension in pregnancy and its consequences. Differences in identification across sources may affect research estimates. We compared identification of chronic hypertension in birth certificate records, hospital discharge records, and Medi‐Cal claims in the same individuals.MethodsWe used data from 820 140 2016–2020 California Medi‐Cal covered births. We identified chronic hypertension on birth certificates using the prepregnancy hypertension check box and in hospital discharge records and Medi‐Cal claims using ICD codes. We compared the prevalence of chronic hypertension and identified predictors of agreement. We also compared absolute and relative estimates of racial/ethnic disparities in chronic hypertension and associations with neonatal outcomes.ResultsThe prevalence of chronic hypertension was 0.7% in birth records, 2.1% in hospital discharge records, and 3.9% in Medi‐Cal claims. There was low to fair agreement between birth certificate records and hospitalization records (kappa = 0.36) and Medi‐Cal claims (kappa = 0.25). Characteristics associated with the worst agreement were eligibility for Women Infant and Children benefits, US‐born, and normal body mass index. Estimates of the relative risk for racial/ethnic disparities and associations with preterm birth and SGA age at delivery were similar across sources. Estimates of risk differences were larger in hospitalization and Medi‐Cal claims data.ConclusionsReliance on birth certificate data may contribute to underestimated prevalence estimates and biased causal estimates. Epidemiologic research and public health surveillance of chronic hypertension and its consequences should incorporate data from multiple data sources to improve validity of estimates.
Generating Real‐World Evidence From the Excellence Network in Rheumatology
Authors: Beukelman Timothy , Mudano Amy , Stewart Patrick , Venkatachalam Shilpa , Xie Fenglong , George Michael , Busch Howard , Reddy Priya , Saag Kenneth G. , Su Yujie , Curtis Jeffrey R. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeThe Excellence Network in RheumatoloGY (ENRGY) was founded in 2021 and encompasses data from more than 700 private practice rheumatology providers throughout the United States, forming a practice‐based research network (PBRN).MethodsElectronic health record (EHR) data from participating practices are aggregated, including structured data (e.g., clinical assessments) and unstructured data from two different EHR platforms. Targeted data quality efforts ensure capture of high‐quality clinical data and reduce missingness. ENRGY network membership also provides participating sites access to technology services that enhance patient care. Centralized ethics approval and pre‐existing legal agreements along with electronic tools to curate data and contact eligible study participants improves efficiency of multi‐center prospective studies.ResultsThe ENRGY data warehouse includes linked administrative claims data for commercial and government‐provided insurance (31% of patients linked to commercial claims) and patient‐generated health data from both in‐office and out‐of‐office settings via a smartphone app as well as biosensor data. ENRGY data and infrastructure can be employed to identify the highest yield sites for prospective studies; identify patients meeting study eligibility criteria; pre‐screen individual patient's willingness to participate in specific studies; centralize study data monitoring; and assist in the conduct of prospective studies.ConclusionENRGY data have been used to generate a growing number of scientific publications and may serve as a model for PBRNs in other specialties seeking to harness the potential of data linkages, patient‐generated data capture, and centralized study infrastructure for observational and interventional research.
Amino acid sequence encodes protein abundance shaped by protein stability at reduced synthesis cost
Authors: Buric Filip , Viknander Sandra , Fu Xiaozhi , Lemke Oliver , Carmona Oriol Gracia , Zrimec Jan , Szyrwiel Lukasz , Mülleder Michael , Ralser Markus , Zelezniak Aleksej 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUnderstanding what drives protein abundance is essential to biology, medicine, and biotechnology. Driven by evolutionary selection, an amino acid sequence is tailored to meet the required abundance of a proteome, underscoring the intricate relationship between sequence and functional demand. Yet, the specific role of amino acid sequences in determining proteome abundance remains elusive. Here we show that the amino acid sequence alone encodes over half of protein abundance variation across all domains of life, ranging from bacteria to mouse and human. With an attempt to go beyond predictions, we trained a manageable‐size Transformer model to interpret latent factors predictive of protein abundances. Intuitively, the model's attention focused on the protein's structural features linked to stability and metabolic costs related to protein synthesis. To probe these relationships, we introduce MGEM (Mutation Guided by an Embedded Manifold), a methodology for guiding protein abundance through sequence modifications. We find that mutations which increase predicted abundance have significantly altered protein polarity and hydrophobicity, underscoring a connection between protein structural features and abundance. Through molecular dynamics simulations we revealed that abundance‐enhancing mutations possibly contribute to protein thermostability by increasing rigidity, which occurs at a lower synthesis cost.
Ion mobility mass spectrometry unveils conformational effects of drug lead EPI‐001 on the intrinsically disordered N‐terminal domain of the androgen receptor
Authors: Ahmed Ikhlas M. M. , Rofe Adam , Henry Martyn C. , West Eric , Jamieson Craig , McEwan Iain J. , Beveridge Rebecca 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are important drug targets as they are key actors within cell signaling networks. However, the conformational plasticity of IDPs renders them challenging to characterize, which is a bottleneck in developing small molecule drugs that bind to IDPs and modulate their behavior. In relation to this, ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM‐MS) is a useful tool to investigate IDPs, as it can reveal their conformational preferences. It can also offer important insights in drug discovery, as it can measure binding stoichiometry and unveil conformational shifts of IDPs exerted by the binding of small drug‐like molecules. Herein, we have used IM‐MS to investigate the effect of drug lead EPI‐001 on the disordered N‐terminal domain of the androgen receptor (AR‐NTD). Despite structural heterogeneity rendering the NTD a challenging region of the protein to drug, this domain harbors most, if not all, of the transcriptional activity. We quantify the stoichiometry of EPI‐001 binding to various constructs corresponding to functional domains of AR‐NTD and show that it binds to separate constructs containing transactivation unit (TAU)‐1 and TAU‐5, respectively, and that 1–2 molecules bind to a larger construct containing both sequences. We also identify a conformational shift upon EPI‐001 binding to the TAU‐5, and to a much lesser extent with TAU‐1 containing constructs. This work provides novel insight on the interactions of EPI‐001 with the AR‐NTD, and the structural alterations that it exerts, and positions IM‐MS as an informative tool that will enhance the tractability of IDPs, potentially leading to better therapies.
Exploring the Enhanced Zinc Storage Performance of α‐MnSe Polyhedral Microspheres and H+/Zn2+ Co‐Insertion Mechanism
Authors: Zhou Ruyi , Zhong Wenping , Chen Wenhao , Hu Zhongliang , Xi Liujiang , Xie Yujia , Tang Ruiying , Shi Yunxi , Wang Meiyan , Wang Lei , Zhu Yirong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe newly emerged Mn‐based selenides as cathodes for aqueous Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have drawn researchers’ interest because of their lower electronegativity and better electronic conductivity compared with the corresponding Mn‐based oxides. Nevertheless, the energy storage mechanism of Mn‐based selenides still needs to be further clarified. Herein, the MnSe/Se and MnSe polyhedral microspheres are reported as cathodes for ZIBs, and the MnSe cathode achieves significantly enhanced specific capacity, rate performance, and cycling stability. In‐depth kinetic analysis confirms that the MnSe cathode presents better kinetic behavior and density functional theory (DFT) calculations verify the fast diffusion kinetics of the MnSe cathode. More importantly, systematic ex situ characterizations reveal that the microstructured MnSe can exist stably during the charge‐discharge process and store energy with H+/Zn2+ co‐insertion mechanism, which is greatly different from the phase transformation of the nanostructured α‐MnSe reported in the literature. Additionally, it is verified that the different types of separators exhibit remarkably different zinc storage performance of the MnSe cathode. This study not only offers a good guidance for developing high‐performance ZIBs Mn‐based cathode materials and explores the effect of separators on the zinc storage performance, but also provides new insights into the energy storage mechanism of the MnSe cathode.
Flexible Sensors with Enhanced Sensitivity and Broadened Detection Range Through Conformal Printing and Space‐Confined Design
Authors: Han Ziyun , Mo Lixin , Han Shaobo , Sun Zhaoyong , Ma Weijuan , Hu Haixiang , Geng Mingtian , Liu Lantian , Xin Zhiqing , Hu Kun , Li Haomiao , Chen Xingze 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEnhancing the sensitivity and extending the linear sensing range of flexible pressure sensors are crucial for their development and incorporation in wearable electronics. Conventional sensors face a trade‐off between sensitivity and linear sensing range, which is often limited by the monotonicity of materials and structural design. To address this challenge, a new piezoresistive flexible sensor is developed in this work, drawing inspiration from the intricate microstructure and pressure‐sensing capabilities of human skin. This advanced sensor is constructed with a dual‐layer resistive sensing design, which includes an external conductive layer comprising of MXene/Ag composite and an internal carbon nanomaterial conductive network. The design incorporated bionic micro‐spines and multilayer porous microstructures with microcapsules to optimize the overall performance. This scalable and economical approach yielded a sensor that surpassed human tactile resolution, and the sensor can adeptly monitor comprehensive human motions and respiratory rhythms and recognize spoken language. In addition, it exhibited reliable photothermal sterilization performance, making it suitable for long‐term health diagnostics and treatment. The proposed sensor demonstrated immense potential for applications in physical health monitoring, motion detection, electronic skin, and human–computer interactions.
Electric Field‐Induced Synergetic Enhancement of Local Hydroxyl Concentration and Photogenerated Carrier Density for Removal of COads in Electrocatalytic Formic Acid Oxidation
Authors: Du Tingting , Zhou Qiangqiang , Lu Wenhao , Cui Hao , Liu Jiaqing , Lin Xing , Yu Le , Zhang Xin , Yang Fengchun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDirect formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC) is an efficient power generation device, due to its high energy density, low fuel crossover and low emission. However, the anodic reaction of DFAFC, formic acid oxidation (FAOR), inevitably proceeds through an indirect pathway, adsorbing carbon monoxide intermediate (COads), resulting in a rapid decline of activity for FAOR. Therefore, effectively removing COads is the key to the development of DFAFC. In this work, Pd/CeO2 catalyst is synthesized by in situ growth of Pd nanoparticles on the hollow CeO2. Due to the difference of work function between Pd and CeO2, a built‐in electric field from Pd side to CeO2 side is formed, which induces a synergistic enhancement of the photogenerated carrier density and the local high hydroxyl concentration at the Pd/CeO2 interface, thus promoting the oxidative removal of COads and significantly improving the stability of FAOR. Therefore, in photo‐assisted electrocatalytic FAOR, Pd/CeO2 not only possessed high mass activity (4161.72 mA mg−1Pd), and its mass activity decreases by only 20.1% after 40000 s chronoamperometry test, which is superior to most Pd‐based catalysts. This work provides a new strategy for efficient removal of COads in FAOR through constructing built‐in electric fields, which promotes the DFAFC application.
Robust Topological Interface States in a Lateral Magnetic‐Topological Heterostructure
Authors: Niu Qun , Yao Jie , Song Quanchao , Akber Humaira , Zhou Qin , Zhai Xiaofang , Zhao Aidi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroducing uniform magnetic order in two‐dimensional (2D) topological insulators by constructing heterostructures of TI and magnet is a promising way to realize the high‐temperature Quantum Anomalous Hall effect. However, the topological properties of 2D materials are susceptible to several factors that make them difficult to maintain, and whether topological interface states (TISs) can exist at magnetic‐topological heterostructure interfaces is largely unknown. Here, it is experimentally shown that TISs in a lateral heterostructure of CrTe2/Bi(110) are robust against disorder, defects, high magnetic fields (time‐reversal symmetry‐breaking perturbations), and elevated temperature (77 K). The lateral heterostructure is realized by lateral epitaxial growth of bilayer (BL) Bi to monolayer CrTe2 grown on graphite. Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and non‐contact Atomic Force Microscopy demonstrate a black phosphorus‐like structure with low atomic buckling (less than 0.1 Å) of the BL Bi(110), indicating the presence of its topological properties. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy and energy‐dependent dI/dV mapping further confirm the existence of topologically induced one‐dimensional in‐gap states localized at the interface. These results demonstrate the robustness of TISs in lateral magnetic‐topological heterostructures, which is competitive with those in vertically stacked magnetic‐topological heterostructures and provides a promising route for constructing planar high‐density non‐dissipative devices using TISs.
Catalyst‐Free Polymorphic β‐Ga2O3 Nanomaterials for Solar‐Blind Optoelectronic Devices: Applications in Imaging and Neural Communication
Authors: Luo Jiangshuai , Jiang Jili , Ding Ke , Ye Lijuan , Pang Di , Li Honglin , Zhang Hong , Tang Yan , Li Wanjun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe continuous advancements in ultraviolet‐C (UV‐C) optoelectronics are poised to meet the growing demand for efficient and innovative optoelectronic devices, particularly in image sensing and neural communication. This study proposes a low‐cost tube sealing and muffle calcination process for the catalyst‐free synthesis of polymorphic β‐Ga2O3 nanomaterials. These nanomaterials are synthesized via a vapor‐solid (VS) growth mechanism, enabling the formation of high‐quality nanowires (NWs), nanobelts (NBs), and nanosheets (NSs). UV‐C photodetectors (PDs) fabricated with β‐Ga2O3 nanobelts demonstrated exceptional performance, exhibiting a responsivity of 4.62 × 105 A W−1 and a specific detectivity of 4.78 × 1012 Jones under 254 nm light. This PD enabled high‐sensitivity and high‐contrast UV‐C imaging, effectively capturing the letters “CNU” and a “Panda” pattern. Additionally, the β‐Ga2O3 nanowire‐based optoelectronic synapse (OES) device displayed efficient light sensing and significant persistent photoconductivity, accurately mimicking synaptic behaviors such as short‐term to long‐term memory transitions and memory reinforcement. The OES device is successfully integrated into a wireless optical communication system, effectively simulating neural signal transmission by outputting the current waveform signal of “CNU 1954” and exhibiting notable UV‐C light sensing and learning abilities. This work not only introduces a method for synthesizing polymorphic β‐Ga2O3 nanomaterials but also underscores their potential in advanced UV‐C optoelectronic applications, including image sensing and neural communication.
Challenges and Opportunities of Uranium Extraction From Seawater: a Systematic Roadmap From Laboratory to Industry
Authors: Wang Tao , Tao Binbin , Zuo Bin , Yan Guoze , Liu Shaoqing , Wang Ruoyu , Zhao Zhongzhou , Chu Feifei , Li Zhengtong , Yamauchi Yusuke , Xu Xingtao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUranium extraction from seawater (UES) is crucial for ensuring the sustainable development of nuclear power and has seen significant advancements in recent years. However, natural seawater is a highly complex biogeochemical system, characterized by an extremely low uranium (U) concentration (≈3.3 µg L−1), abundant competitive ions, and significant marine biological pollution, making UES a formidable challenge. This review addresses the challenges encountered in UES and explores potential methods for enhancing the industrial UES system, including membrane separation, electrochemistry, photocatalysis, and biosorption. Additionally, several representative marine tests are summarized and restrictive factors of large‐scale UES are analyzed. Finally, the further development of UES from laboratory to industry applications is promoted, with a focus on technological innovation. The goal is to stimulate innovative ideas and provide fresh insights for the future development of the UES system, bridging the gap between laboratory research and industrial implementation.
The Role of Catalysts in the Climate Adaptation Process
Authors: Solecki William , Orlove Ben , Bolgert Adrien 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe need to accelerate the climate adaptation process has become increasingly evident as devastating climate impacts are more widely experienced, but climate action remains deficient. Climate adaptation is typically associated with three key types of enabling conditions whose presence is deemed necessary but not sufficient for climate action: governance capacity, access to finance, and relevant and appropriate knowledge. In this article, we present and examine another component of the adaptation process: catalysts. Catalysts are elements whose presence leads to an initiation or acceleration of climate action. Catalysts or catalyzing conditions can complement enabling conditions by overcoming conditions that block climate action or keep it at minimal levels. This article focuses on the presence and influence of catalysts within the adaptation process and presents four types of catalyzing conditions. Each type is documented with a case study that illustrates how climate action, generally and adaptation, specifically was advanced. The types and the associated cases include (1) a sense of urgency—the recent water crisis of Cape Town; (2) extreme events—Hurricane Sandy in New York City; (3) political innovators—Mayor Anne Hidalgo of Paris; and (4) climate litigation—legal action in the Netherlands. We examine the mechanisms through which these four types of catalysts link with ongoing adaptation processes. In particular, these catalyzing conditions mobilize resources, specifically political support, financing, and information, by making adaptation action a higher priority within political and civic agendas. Catalysts also can contribute to the building of networks and coalitions between organizations whose ties had previously been weak or absent. In the conclusion, recommendations for future research to further clarify how catalysts advance adaptation action are suggested.
Faking ZZZ vertices at the LHC
Authors: Cepedello Ricardo , Esser Fabian , Hirsch Martin , Sanz Veronica 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Searches for anomalous neutral triple gauge boson couplings (NTGCs) provide important tests for the gauge structure of the standard model. At the LHC, NTGCs are searched for via the process pp → ZZ → 4l, where the two Z-bosons are on-shell. In this paper, we discuss how the same process can occur through tree-level diagrams just adding a vector-like quark (VLQ) to the standard model. Since NTGCs are generated in standard model effective theory (SMEFT) only at 1-loop order, vector like quarks could be an important alternative interpretation to, and background for, NTGC searches. Here, we construct a simple example model, discuss low-energy constraints and estimate current and future sensitivities on the model parameters from pp → ZZ → 4l searches.
Fusing photons into diphoton resonances at Belle II and beyond
Authors: Acanfora Francesca , Franceschini Roberto , Mastroddi Alessio , Redigolo Diego 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We propose a new search for a diphoton resonance in the e+e− + γγ final state at Belle II where the full final state is reconstructed in the detector. This new channel improves the expected reach compared to the γ + γγ channel in most of the available mass range. For simplicity we show our results in the simple parameter space of an ALP coupled solely to Standard Model photons. In addition, we show how an extension of the forward coverage of Belle II, or another similar experiment at the high intensity frontier, could improve the reach in our channel. We show that such a forward extension can be advantageous even with a loss of a factor 100 in luminosity compared to Belle II.
A positive proportion of cubic fields are not monogenic yet have no local obstruction to being so
Authors: Alpöge Levent , Bhargava Manjul , Shnidman Ari 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe show that a positive proportion of cubic fields are not monogenic, despite having no local obstruction to being monogenic. Our proof involves the comparison of 2-descent and 3-descent in a certain family of Mordell curves $$E_k :y^2 = x^3 + k$$

E
k

:

y
2

=

x
3

+
k

. As a by-product of our methods, we show that, for every $$r \ge 0$$

r
≥
0

, a positive proportion of curves $$E_k$$

E
k

have Tate–Shafarevich group with 3-rank at least r.