bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statistical-model calculations for α-capture reactions relevant to the p process
Authors: Fakiola C. , Karakasis I. , Sideris I. , Khaliel A. , Mertzimekis T. J. 
Published: February 2020

About 35 nuclides which lie on the neutron deficient side of the isotopic chart cannot be created by the two basic nucleosynthetic processes, the sand the rprocess. Due to scarce experimental data and the vast complexity of the reaction network involved, cross sections and reactions are estimated theoretically, using the Hauser–Feshbach statistical model. In the present work, theoretical calculations of cross sections of radiative α-capture reactions on the neutron–deficient Erbium and Xenon isotopes are presented in an attempt to make predictions inside the astrophysically relevant energy window (Gamow). The particular reactions are predicted to be sensitive branchings in the γprocess path.The most recent versions of TALYS (v1.9) and Fresco codes were employed for all calculations, initially focusing on investigating the influence of the default eight (8) α–nucleus optical potential models of TALYS on reaction cross sections. The theoretical results of both codes are compared and for the reactions where experimental data exist in literature, the optical model parameters were adjusted appropriately to best describe the data and were subsequently used for estimating (α,γ) reaction cross sections. Predictions for the (α,n) reaction channels have also been calculated and studied.
Trends in fertility preference implementation among selected Eastern African countries
Authors: Otieno Vincent , Agwanda Otieno Alfred , Khasakhala Anne 
Published: February 2020

Background: There has been continuous debate among scholars regarding fertility transition in Africa. Two conclusions emerge: slow pace of decline because of weak facilitating social programs and high demand for large families amidst weak family planning programs. Accelerated fertility decline is expected to occur if there is both substantial decline in desired fertility and increased level of preference implementation. Despite these conclusions, there are also emergent exceptions in Africa, even among the Eastern African countries. Our motivation for the study of this region therefore lies in this context. First, the East African countries share some similarities in policy framework. Secondly, Rwanda and Kenya appear as exceptional in the drive towards accelerating further fertility decline. Fertility change therefore in any one country may have implications in the neighbouring country due to the commonalities especially in language, cultural traits, diffusion and spread new models of behaviour. Methods: With the utilization of DHS data, we analyse trends overtime in two specific features that scholars have indicated to slow or increase fertility decline. Using Bongaarts supply-demand framework, we first deduce trends in fertility preferences among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) and second, the extent to which women have been able to implement their fertility preferences during the course of fertility decline and subsequently decomposing these trends. Results: We found that with the rising aggregate of the degree of fertility preference implementation index, continuous declining trends in demand for births and subsequent increases in the contribution made by either or both the wanted fertility and the degree of fertility preference implementation index across categories that fertility transition is certainly on course in all countries albeit at different levels, thanks to the family planning. Conclusions: Family planning programs must therefore be accompanied by rigorous, consistent sensitization and public education.
Museu e Colonialidade: A repatriação Museológica como Instrumento de Luta
Authors: Pimenta Bueno Mariana 
Published: February 2020

Essa pesquisa exploratória parte da compreensão de museus como espaços de construção e acesso à memória, como objetivo pensar o porquê da continuidade da dominação cultural europeia sobre o continente africano, mesmo com as independências conquistadas, reproduzindo a ideia de tutela e proteção usadas durante o imperialismo europeu. O processo pela busca de um passado histórico ─ anterior à dominação europeia ─ para a formação de uma cultura nacional escrita pelo próprio povo esbarrou na ausência de artefatos que foram retirados do continente durante o imperialismo para ser expostos nos museus das metrópoles. Assim, através da análise de documentos da UNESCO, reportagens de alguns casos de pedidos de retorno de peças e a leitura de Franz Fanon, Albert Memmi, Benedict Anderson e Aníbal Quijano, a hipótese desta pesquisa é que a importância da repatriação de peças museológicas para uma cultura nacional representa uma reação à colonialidade.Palavras-chave: Museus; repartriação; colonialidade.ABSTRACTBased on the understanding of museums as spaces of construction and access to memory, this exploratory research has as its objective the comprehension about the continuity of European cultural domination over African continent, even after independences have been achieved, reproducing the idea of tutelage and protection used under the European imperialism. The process of searching for a historical past ─ before to the European domination ─ toward the constitution of a national culture written by themselves reaches its limits within the absence of artifacts which were removed from the continent throughout the imperialism, to be exhibited inward museums from their metropolis in museums. Therefore, through the analysis of UNESCO documents, there are reports of some cases of requestings for the restoration of the heritage and the reading of Franz Fanon, Albert Memmi, Benedict Anderson and Aníbal Quijano, the hypotesis of this research lays on the importance of museum pieces repatriation to a culture means a reaction to coloniality.Keywords: Museum; repatriation, coloniality. Recebido em: 17 jan. 2019 | Aceito em: 04 dez. 2019.
A função dos serviços ecossistêmicos na gestão dos riscos de desastres pelo direito: conexões entre a política nacional de proteção e defesa civil e o Estatuto da Metrópole
Authors: Scherer Kátia Ragnini 
Published: February 2020

O artigo aborda a função dos serviços ecossistêmicos na gestão dos riscos de desastres pelo Direito, a partir de comunicação entre a Política Nacional e Proteção e Defesa Civil e o Estatuto da Metrópole. O objetivo é analisar reflexivamente o papel dos serviços ecossistêmicos na gestão dos riscos de desastres pelo Brasil por interconexões entre as Leis nº.12.608/12 e nº13.089/15. O método de abordagem é o da análise funcional, compreendido como um método comparativo em que sua introdução na realidade possui a função de olhar algo que já existe com outras possibilidades de observação (LUHMANN, 1990, p.72). O método de procedimento é o monográfico. Como resultado apresenta a possibilidade de que políticas públicas de proteção aos serviços ecossistêmicos integrem o Planos de Desenvolvimento Urbano Integrado com a função preventiva e/ou mitigatória de desastres, construindo metrópoles e aglomerados urbanos resilientes. Está estruturado em três partes: a primeira aborda os serviços ecossistêmicos e sua gestão pelo Direito, a segunda investiga políticas públicas de pagamento por serviços ecossistêmicos preventivos ou mitigatórios aos desastres no Brasil e a terceira analisa interconexões entre a Política Nacional de Proteção e Defesa Civil e o Estatuto da Metrópole trazendo os serviços ecossistêmicos como possibilidade comunicativa.
A proteção dos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos na Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos e a teoria dos diálogos jurisdicionais
Authors: Ávila Ana Paula Oliveira , Mello Karen Cristina Correa 
Published: February 2020

O artigo analisa os direitos reprodutivos e suas implicações em face do uso de técnicas de Reprodução Assistida, como a Fertilização in vitroconfrontada com o statusdo embrião. Empregando os métodos de revisão bibliográfica, documental e jurisprudencial, apresentam-se os aspectos biológicos e jurídicos atinentes a tais questões com um estudo de caso: a decisão da CIDH em “Artavia Murillo e outros vs. Costa Rica”. A análise deste julgado, além da interpretação atribuída aos direitos reprodutivos, aprecia os diálogos jurisdicionais na sua argumentação, demonstrando como podem enriquecer o debate no cenário brasileiro, lançando luzes sobre a regulamentação desses direitos.
A New Method for Handling the Nugget Effect in Kriging
Authors: Krivoruchko P. , Gribov A. , Ver Hoef J. M. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This chapter discusses methods for estimating the nugget in semivariogram models. Commonly used exact and filtered kriging methods are compared with an alternative method, which predicts a new value at the sampled location. Using the alternative method, estimation at a location where data have been collected involves predicting the smooth underlying value plus a new observation from measurement error. This is exactly what is necessary for validation and crossvalidation diagnostics. Three examples of using new value kriging are presented that involve comparison of simulated results, porosity estimation for the North Cowden unit in west Texas, and analysis of radiocesium soil-contamination data collected in Belarus after the Chernobyl accident.
Sequential Simulation for Modeling Geological Structures from
Training Images
Authors: Strebelle S. B. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Two geostatistical approaches are traditionally used to build numerical models of facies spatial distributions: the variogram-based approach and the object-based approach. Variogram-based techniques aim at generating simulated realizations that honor the sample data and reproduce a given semivariogram that models the two-point spatial correlation of the facies. However, because the semivariogram is only a measure of linear continuity, variogram-based algorithms give poor representations of curvilinear or geometrically complex actual facies geometries. In contrast, object-based techniques allow modeling crisp geometries, but the conditioning on sample data requires iterative trial-and-error corrections that can be time consuming, particularly when the data are dense relative to the average object size. This chapter presents an alternative approach that combines the easy conditioning of pixel-based algorithms with the ability to reproduce shapes of object-based techniques, without being too time and memory demanding.
In this new approach, the geological structures believed to be present in the subsurface are characterized by multiple-point statistics, which express joint variability or joint continuity at many more than two locations at a time. Multiple-point statistics cannot be inferred from typically sparse sample data, but they can be read from training images depicting the expected patterns of geological heterogeneity. Training images are simply graphical representations of a prior geological or structural concept; they need not carry any locally accurate information about the field to be modeled. The multiple-point patterns borrowed from the training image(s) are exported to the model, where they are anchored to the actual subsurface data, both hard and soft, using a pixel-based sequential simulation algorithm.
This multiple-point statistics simulation algorithm is tested on the modeling of a fluvial hydrocarbon reservoir where flow is controlled by meandering sand channels. The simulated numerical model reproduces channel patterns and honors exactly all well data values at their locations. The methodology proposed appears to be easy to apply, general, and fast.
Consistent Structural Model Simulations for Volumetric
Uncertainty Study
Authors: Lecour M. A. , Thore P. , Cognot R. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Uncertainty studies become increasingly important as reservoir complexity increases. Although such studies are commonly a key factor in oil and gas exploration, projects are commonly restricted to simulation of facies and petrophysical properties. The structure of the reservoir itself is commonly considered to be a deterministic parameter, and yet it may contain uncertainty that has a major impact on the reserve estimations.
A new methodology based on the P-field technique and focusing on reservoir geometry uncertainty is proposed to tackle this problem. With this method, not only horizon but also fault geometries are simulated around a given reference model.
Because simulating fault geometries is more difficult than simulating horizon geometries, a new data structure has been designed to produce efficient computation of geometries. The simulation method tries to preserve the initial geometry at best. It may affect the location, dip, and shape in map view of all faults or any combination of these three basic modifications. Then, for each fault network realization, several horizon geometry simulations may be performed. The modeling and simulation system keep the geological model consistent after each simulation loop, allowing volumetric studies to proceed in a consistent fashion.
A Comparison between Geostatistical Inversion and Conventional
Geostatistical-simulation Practices for Reservoir
Delineation
Authors: Torres-Verdín C. , Grijalba-Cuenca A. , Debeye H. W. J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Geostatistical inversion provides a quantitative way to integrate the high vertical resolution of well logs with the dense aerial coverage of poststack threedimensional seismic amplitude data. A systematic field study is presented in this chapter to understand the relative merits of geostatistical inversion over standard geostatistical-simulation procedures that do not make explicit use of threedimensional seismic amplitude data. It is shown that, by making quantitative use of the poststack seismic amplitude data, geostatistical inversion considerably reduces the space of stochastic realizations that honor both the well-log data and the spatial semivariograms. Sensitivity analysis also shows that geostatistical inversion remains less affected by a perturbation of semivariogram parameters than standard geostatistical simulation. Tests of cross-validation against well-log data show that geostatistical inversion yields additional information over the average trends otherwise obtained with stochastic simulation. In the vicinity of existing wells, geostatistical inversion can potentially infer vertical variations of resolution similar to that of well logs and, at worst, of vertical resolution equal to that of the seismic amplitude data at locations distant from wells. A drawback of geostatistical inversion is the need to convert well-log data from depth to seismic traveltime. In addition, geostatistical inversion may be rendered computationally prohibitive when applied to large seismic and well-log data sets.
Utility of Using Acoustic Impedance Data in the Stochastic
Modeling of a Carbonate Reservoir
Authors: Williams D. B. , Aqrawi A. A. M. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A Middle Eastern Cretaceous rudist-bearing carbonate reservoir is chosen for this study. This limestone sequence (about 55 m [180 ft] thick) consists of tight argillaceous mudstones and wackestones at the base, grading upward into a more porous section dominated by bioclastic grainstones and packstones.
Applying sequence-stratigraphic concepts, the reservoir is classified into two main sequences. In addition, the upper zone is further divided into two sequences of smaller accommodation cycles. Each of the latter includes a distinctive reservoir type (i.e., dominated by either barrier or shoal facies). The lower main sequence is considered as one unified nonreservoir cycle in the study area of the field. The three-dimensional seismic and sequence-stratigraphic analyses are used in conjunction with designing a deterministic structural model. A three-layer model is used, each layer representing a stratigraphic sequence previously recognized.
Describing the facies and flow units of carbonate reservoirs for reservoirsimulation purposes is a critical task that needs careful study of both the depositional textures and the diagenetic overprints in a sequence-stratigraphic framework. Eight main depositional facies are recognized for facies-modeling purposes. However, only two of them are high-quality reservoirs, dominated by grain-supported textures.
The reservoir architecture is generated using a combination of grid-and object-based simulation techniques to accurately reproduce the facies-and reservoir-type distributions. Petrophysical parameters porosity and permeability are stochastically simulated within facies bodies using a Gaussian cosimulation algorithm. Well data are used as hard information that must be honored, whereas acoustic impedance information is used to define porosity maps, which are used as conditioning trends in the simulation. These trends are believed to represent the effects of diagenesis.
Statistical analysis of the relationship between acoustic impedance and porosity allowed us to use impedance-derived porosity trends as conditioning data in petrophysical simulation. These porosity trends, adjusted to the range of data values from the wells, are believed to represent the effects of diagenetic activity. Using these trends alters the resultant data distribution compared with the distribution as inferred from well data. This is a consequence of the assumption that these porosity trends do reflect diagenesis and, in addition, does so not only at the wells but in theinterwell areas as well.
Fluid Mechanics of Deep-Well Disposals
Authors: Everdingen A. F. Van 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The fundamental law which governs the flow of slightly compressible fluids in permeable formations has been used to compute three unit functions useful in well or reservoir analysis. These unit functions give quantitative information on (1) the change of pressure in the well or formation as a result of unit rate of injection during a period of time, (2) the amount of fluid which can be disposed of per unit pressure increase in a given time, and (3) the effect of an enlarged borehole on the injection pressure. Numerical data on the first two functions have been published previously (van Everdingen and Hurst, 1949). The data for the function giving the effect of an enlarged borehole are presented for the first time.
Accurate prediction of pressures and pressure changes is now possible provided sufficient information is available on the physical characteristics of the formation, the formation fluids, and the injected fluids. The numerical values of these characteristics can vary considerably. To simplify computations, conversion factors are used so that the solutions given here can be used to solve most of the problems irrespective of the numerical values of the characteristics encountered.
The Japan Trench
Authors: Huene Roland von , Culotta Raymond , Nasu Noriyuki , Aoki Yutaka 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Japan Trench off northern Honshu Island is associated with a backarc basin, a magmatic arc, a forearc basin, and a continental shelf that is submerged deeper than the usual shelf above 200 m water depth. The latest period of arc magmatism began to build the volcanic backbone of Honshu Island in late Oligocene to early Miocene time, and an intense Miocene period of volcanism produced green tuff, a thick complex of altered felsic to mafic volcanic rock interbedded with marine sediment. Other times of accelerated volcanism occurred in the Pliocene and Pleistocene (Cadet and Fujioka, 1980).
The Pacific side of Honshu Island is built on an older continental framework encompassing the Kitakami massif, a large body of Mesozoic and Paleozoic rock overlain by a transgressive Cretaceous sediment sequence. In the adjacent submerged area is a deep basin filled with Cretaceous to Recent sediment (see diagrammatic section). The seaward flank of the basin is truncated by subaerial erosion as is the adjacent 35-km-wide section of Cretaceous rock that comprises the seaward part of the margin. The unconformity marking the top of the Cretaceous complex is prominent in many multichannel records across this margin, and it marks an abrupt change from rocks with a low to rocks with a high acoustic velocity.
Paleogene sediment also fills part of the basin, but its seaward extent is limited. Neogene sediment with a basal Oligocene unit underlain in turn by the Cretaceous complex was penetrated at DSDP site 439 (see diagrammatic section), and geophysical
Effects of Using an iPad to Teach Early Literacy Skills to Elementary Students With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Goo Minkowan , Myers Diane , Maurer Adela L. , Serwetz Robert 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using an iPad to teach early literacy skills to students with intellectual disability (ID). Three elementary students with mild to moderate levels of ID participated in the study. We used a multiple-probe design across students to examine a functional relationship between using an iPad providing visual supports and the acquisition of phonemic segmentation skills. Results indicated that using visual supports via an iPad was an effective method to teach phonemic segmentation fluency to these three students with ID. We also discussed implications and suggestions for future research.
Special Education Supports and Services for Rett Syndrome: Parent Perceptions and Satisfaction
Authors: Larriba-Quest Kelsey , Byiers Breanne J. , Beisang Arthur , Merbler Alyssa M. , Symons Frank J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThere are no published studies describing educational experiences for girls with Rett syndrome. Given the extensive educational needs associated with Rett syndrome, it is important to understand how families perceive their daughters' educational experiences to inform education service provision. The purpose of this study was to survey parents of school-aged children with Rett syndrome to describe the educational services that they receive and understand parents' perceptions of and satisfaction with the special educational and related services. The majority of parents were satisfied with their daughters' educational services. Communication was the most frequently endorsed priority skill area, and many parents expressed frustration with limited access to augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices and staff training in their use. These results suggest there is a need for high-quality speech therapy and an emphasis on AAC support.
Defining Inclusion: Faculty and Student Attitudes Regarding Postsecondary Education for Students With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Gilson Carly B. , Gushanas Christina M. , Li Yi-Fan , Foster Kaitlin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Inclusion across education contexts is critical to acknowledge and inspire the full potential of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). In the early stages of a postsecondary education program's development, peers and faculty are integral stakeholders to promoting an inclusive campus life. We conducted a campus-wide survey at a large public university to evaluate the perspectives of 1,867 faculty and students regarding their views of inclusion in student life and their attitudes toward prospective students with IDD. We incorporated a mixed-methods approach to summarize these views by using correlations, linear regression, and qualitative analysis of open-ended responses. We offer recommendations for research and practice aimed at increasing inclusive opportunities for students with IDD and their peers on college campuses.