bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silencing HSF4 can inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells
Authors: Fang Chen , Longfei Yang , Xiaofeng Wang , Yang Zheng , Jiaxi Chen , Xiangnan Zhu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To explore the regulatory role of HSF4 in hepatocellular carcinoma stemness property maintaining and analysis the clinical significance of HSF4 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Materials and methods: Tumor spheroid formation assay was conducted to assess stemness property and enrich hepatocellular carcinoma stem-like cells. qRT-PCR and Western Blot was used to detect genes mRNA and protein expression level. KM-plotter database wad used to analyze the correlation between HSF4 and overall survival (OS) in HCC patients. Result: mRNA level of HSF4, as well as stemness-associated genes, was significantly higher in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue then in adjacent normal tissue. Positive correlation between expression level of HSF4 and SOX (r=0.1668, p<0.05), NANOG (r=0.7, p<0.05), POUSF1(r=0.7362, p<0.05), CD44(r=0.0128, p<0.05) was observed. The KM plotter showed that there is no significant difference between HSF4 high patients and HF4 low patients in term of overall survival (OS)(p=0.48). However, significant difference in terms of progression-free survival (PFS)(p=0.019) and relapse-free survival (RFS)(p=0.005) between these two groups was observed. In vitro assay results also suggest the positive correlation between HSF4 and stemness-associated genes. Increased HSF4 expression confers HCC enhanced tumor spheroid formation ability. Conclusion: HSF4 is significantly increased in liver cancer stem-like cells, indicating the possible contribution of HSF4 to stemness properties maintenance in liver cancer stem-like cells. Silencing HSF4 inhibits proliferation of hepatoma cells.
The rate-limiting step for photosynthetic CO2 utilization under varying atmospheric evaporative demand in Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)
Authors: Zhang Dalong , Li Qingming , Yamori Wataru , Wei Min 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD) was demonstrated as significant environmental factors affecting plant photosynthesis and productivity, the regulating mechanism under varying atmospheric evaporative demand was still unclarified. The contribution of stomatal, mesophyll resistance and biochemical limitation imposed on photosynthesis in tomato under varying evaporative demand was highlighted in the present study. Quantitative photosynthetic limitation analysis across a series of VPD was performed in well-watered tomato, by combining gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence. Results: Photosynthetic performance in tomato was gradually depressed with increasing in VPD. Under low VPD condition, stomatal and mesophyll conductance were sufficiently high for CO2 transport, which facilitated high chloroplast CO2 concentration for carbon fixation. Stomatal and mesophyll limitation accounted a low fraction, and photosynthetic potential was mostly constrained by biochemical limitation inside chloroplasts under low VPD condition. With increasing in VPD, plant water stress was gradually pronounced and triggered declines in stomatal and mesophyll conductance. Contribution of stomatal and mesophyll limitation on photosynthesis increased gradually with rise in VPD. Consequently, the low CO2 availability inside chloroplast substantially constrained photosynthesis under high VPD condition. Conclusion: Photosynthetic potential in tomato was mostly constrained by biochemical limitation inside chloroplasts under low VPD condition. CO2 diffusion limitation in series of stomatal and mesophyll resistance was the key rate-limiting step for photosynthesis under high VPD condition.
ALPHA-1-ANTITRYPSIN DEFICIENCY IN CHILDREN
Authors: MELNIK S. I. , PINEVSKAYA M. V. , ORLOVA E. A. , STAREVSKAYA S. V. , MELNIKOVA I. Y. , LARIONOVA V. I. 
Published: January 2020

Hereditary deficiency of the alpha-1-antitrypsin occupies a leading position among the causes of chronic nonspecific lung diseases with emphysema formation. Deficiency of alpha-1-antitrypsin is a potentially fatal hereditary disease, under-diagnosed by physicians of various specialities. The authors familiarize pediatricians with this hereditary disease, difficulties of its diagnosis and treatment. There are presented own author`s data on the diagnosis and the experience of the enzyme replacement therapy of alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency with the drug INN «Alpha-1 antitrypsin human» (Respikam).
AMOXYCILLIN FOR COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN
Authors: MALAKHOV A. B. , KOLOSOVA N. G. 
Published: January 2020

The majority of respiratory diseases have viral etiology, and they do not require antibacterial therapy since it does not affect the course of the disease, does not reduce the incidence of bacterial complications. The causes of tonsillitis, epiglottitis, pneumonia are bacterial pathogens, such as Streptococcus pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus), Streptococcus pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenza, S. aureus and Moraxella catarrhalis. Home treatment of children remains a global challenge, as it may be the cause of an unfavorable outcome in young children, and, therefore, the issues of diagnostics and rational antibiotic therapy are still relevant. Irrational use of antibiotics can promote growth of resistance of bacterial pathogens, increase the frequency of adverse reactions of therapy and increase the cost of treatment
Prensa y nacionalismo en Baja California durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial
Authors: Gruel Sández Víctor M. 
Published: January 2020

El propósito de este trabajo es explicar algunas representaciones periodísticas del Territorio Norte de la Baja California. El corpus de textos que componen el presente artículo documentará diferentes versiones sobre el pasado de la península desde la naturaleza discursiva del lenguaje político. Los bajacalifornianos aparecerán representados por los periodistas, luchando por erradicar la imagen de un lugar aislado, deshabitado y lleno de estadunidenses. El discurso editorial de la prensa de Tijuana, Mexicali y ciudad de México será analizado al calor de los conflictos regionales, nacionales e internacionales. La opinión pública fue un espacio donde la gente de Baja California negoció el nacionalismo, mientras el mundo se colapsaba durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
Elasticidades de sustitución y separabilidad de los factores productivos de la industria
Authors: Ibarra Salazar Jorge , García Pérez Francisco 
Published: January 2020

Los estudios sobre la demanda de factores productivos en la industria maquiladora se han concentrado en la demanda de mano de obra. Esta literatura ha avanzado en dos sentidos: especificando modelos dinámicos de demanda laboral; o bien, obteniendo las demandas derivadas a partir de funciones de producción que suponen rendimientos constantes a escala, separabilidad entre los factores productivos o ciertos patrones de sustitución entre ellos. En este artículo estimamos una función de producción translog sin imponer esas restricciones a priori, para determinar si la evidencia brinda sustento para tales supuestos. En particular, analizamos las hipótesis de rendimientos constantes a escala; y las diferentes formas que puede adoptar la separabilidad en una función de producción con tres factores productivos. Empleamos datos que combinan series de tiempo anuales (1990–2006) con corte transversal de nueve sectores económicos de la maquiladora Mexicana. Encontramos que no hay evidencia que soporte los supuestos que se han empleado en los estudios de demandas factoriales con fundamento en la especificación de la tecnología. En particular, encontramos evidencia de rendimientos decrecientes a escala y de que las elasticidades de sustitución entre los factores productivos son todas diferentes. La elasticidad de sustitución estimada entre la mano de obra y el capital es menor a 1; entre la mano de obra y los materiales varía entre 1 y 1.5; mientras que entre el capital y los materiales es mayor a 2.
Gene Therapy for Angelman Syndrome: Contemporary Approaches and Future Endeavors
Authors: Tsagkaris Christos , Papakosta Vasiliki , Miranda Adriana Viola , Zacharopoulou Lefkothea , Danilchenko Valeriia , Matiashova Lolita , Dhar Amrit 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Angelman Syndrome (AS) is a congenital non inherited neurodevelopmental
disorder. The contemporary AS management is symptomatic and it has been accepted that gene therapy
may play a key role in the treatment of AS.

Objective:
The purpose of this study is to summarize existing and suggested gene therapy approaches
to Angelman syndrome.

Methods:
This is a literature review. Pubmed and Scopus databases were researched with keywords
(gene therapy, Angelman’s syndrome, neurological disorders, neonates). Peer-reviewed studies that
were closely related to gene therapies in Angelman syndrome and available in English, Greek, Ukrainian
or Indonesian were included. Studies that were published before 2000 were excluded and did not
align with the aforementioned criteria.

Results:
UBE3A serves multiple roles in signaling and degradation procedures. Although the restoration
of UBE3A expression rather than targeting known activities of the molecule would be the optimal
therapeutic goal, it is not possible so far. Reinstatement of paternal UBE3A appears as an adequate alternative.
This can be achieved by administering topoisomerase-I inhibitors or reducing UBE3A antisense
transcript (UBE3A-ATS), a molecule which silences paternal UBE3A.

Conclusion:
Understanding UBE3A imprinting unravels the path to an etiologic treatment of AS.
Gene therapy models tested on mice appeared less effective than anticipated pointing out that activation
of paternal UBE3A cannot counteract the existing CNS defects. On the other hand, targeting abnormal
downstream cell signaling pathways has provided promising rescue effects. Perhaps, combined
reinstatement of paternal UBE3A expression with abnormal signaling pathways-oriented treatment is
expected to provide better therapeutic effects. However, AS gene therapy remains debatable in pharmacoeconomics
and ethics context.
Proatherogenic Importance of Carbamylation-induced Protein Damage and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Simsek Bahadir , Yanar Karolin , Çakatay Ufuk 
Published: January 2020

Introduction & Background:Protein carbamylation is a non-enzymatic and irreversible posttranslational process. It affects functions of numerous enzymes, hormones and receptors playing several roles in diabetes pathogenesis by changing their native structures. Detrimental consequences of oxidative protein damage comprise, but are not limited to glyoxidation, lipoxidation and carbonylation reactions. Since the carbamylated plasma proteins are strongly related to the glycemic control parameters of diabetes, they may have an additive value and emerge as potential biomarkers for the follow up, prognosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus.Methods & Results:To conduct our systematic review, we used PubMed and Semantic Scholar, and used ‘Protein carbamylation and diabetes’ and ‘Protein carbamylation and atherosclerosis’ as keywords and looked into about five hundred manuscripts. Manuscripts that are not in English were excluded as well as manuscripts that did not mention carbamylation to maintain the focus of the present article. Similar to glycation, carbamylation is able to alter functions of plasma proteins and their interactions with endothelial cells and has been shown to be involved in the development of atherosclerosis.Conclusion:At this stage, it seems clear that protein carbamylation leads to worse clinical outcomes. To improve patient care, but maybe more importantly to improve healthcare-prevention, we believe the next stage involves understanding how exactly protein carbamylation leads to worse outcomes and when and in what group of people anti-carbamylation therapies must be employed.
Nyctanthes Arbor-Tristis and its Role in the Alleviation of Arthritic Pain: A Review
Authors: Singh Ruchi , Hasan Syed M. , Verma Amit , Panda Sanjay K. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
A plant is a reservoir of potentially useful active chemical entities which act as
drugs as well as intermediates for the discovery of newer molecules and provide newer leads for modern
drug synthesis. The demand for new compounds in the field of medicine and biotechnology is centuries
old and with a rise in chronic diseases and resistance to existing drugs in the field of anti-infective
agents, the chemicals obtained from plant sources have been an area of attraction. The whole plant has
possessed multiple pharmacological activities. This is scientifically established by in-vivo and in-vitro
studies.

Methods:
Various electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google were
searched to collect the data of the present review. All the collected information is categorized into different
sections as per the aim of the paper.

Results:
Fifty-six research and review papers have been studied and were included in this review article.
After a detailed study, we provide a significant description of various phytochemicals present in Nyctanthes
arbor-tristis Linn., which is responsible for various pharmacological activities. Twenty of studied
articles gives a general introduction and ethnobotanical information about the plant, two papers contained
microscopic detail of leaf and fruit. Twenty papers contained information about the phytoconstituents
present in different parts of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis plant and fourteen articles reported pharmacological
activities like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, antimicrobial and immunobiotic
activity.

Conclusion:
This review explores the published research work comprising the ethnobotanical description
of the subjected plant, distribution, phytochemical profile, and arthritis-related pharmacological
activities.
Evaluation of the Antiulcer Activity of Ethanolic Leave Extracts of Saraca indica against Ethanol, Pylorus Ligature and Indomethacin Induced Ulcer in Albino Rats
Authors: Verma Pritt , Paswan Shravan K. , Vishwakarma Vishal K. , Saxena Priyanshi , Rao Chandana V. , Shrivastva Sajal 
Published: January 2020

Background:
To evaluate the antiulcer activity of ethanolic leaves extract of Saraca indica
against ethanol, pylorus ligature and indomethacin in albino rats.

Materials and Methods:
Ulcer was produced by ethanol, pylorus ligature and indomethacin in albino
rats. Five groups (n=6) of rats were orally pre-treated with carboxymethyl cellulose solution, and ranitidine
(80 mg/kg) respectively. In ethanol induced ulcer, the animals were treated with 200 and 400
mg/kg b.w. ethanolic leave extracts of Saraca indica in 0.3% CMC solution, 60 minutes before oral
administration of absolute ethanol to produce gastric mucosal injury. In indomethacin induced ulcer, the
drug was administered orally at the dose of 30 mg/kg b.w. After 7-9 hours of administration of indomethacin
(30 mg/kg); the animals were sacrificed with high doses of anesthesia. In the pylorus ligature
method, volume of free acidity, gastric secretion, pH and total acidity were estimated. In all three models,
the ulcer index and % protection were estimated.

Results:
The anti ulcer activity of ethanolic leave extracts of Saraca indica in ethanol, indomethacin and
pylorus ligature models is evident from the significant (P<0.001) reduction in ulcer index. In pylorus
ligature model, significant (P<0.001) reduction in total acidity gastric volume and increase in pH were
observed when compared with the standard drug.

Conclusion:
Ethanolic leave extracts of Saraca indica were found to be significantly protective against
ethanol, indomethacin and pylorus ligature induced gastric ulcers in the experimental albino rats. The
result obtained suggest that ethanolic leave extracts of Saraca indica possesses significant anti-ulcer
activity.
Medicated Chewing Gums: Recent Patents and Patented Technology Platforms
Authors: Kaushik Prerna , Kaushik Deepak 
Published: January 2020

:The reason that the oral route attained such acceptance may be ascribed to its affluence of administration. Over the years, patient convenience- oriented exploration in the area of drug delivery has introduced potential innovative medicine delivery systems. The elegant drug delivery system is an amalgamation of science and dexterity with therapeutic prospect and presentability. It involves the administration of medications in a groundbreaking fashion with the assistance of cosmetics, wearable devices and oral drug delivery system which can also be used for ornamental purposes. Out of which, therapeutic chewing gum offers a highly suitable and amenable technique of dosing medications comprising children and elderlies. It is a potentially convenient means of administering medications either locally or systematically via the oral cavity. It bids innumerable gains over conventional drug delivery methods. Moreover, medicinal chewing gums involve the dynamic and constant masticatory actions for drug release. Currently, enriched expertise has made it promising to advance and fabricate medicated chewing gum with predefined properties and it could be a marketable triumph in the future. Apprehending this, several investigators and pharmaceutical companies are now engaged in developing innovative practices vis-à-vis medicated chewing gums by filing several patents in this area. The present manuscript also delivers a gestalt of various patented technology platforms based on different methods/ mechanisms employed for the preparation of medicated chewing gums.
Performance Analysis of Various Multipliers Using 8T-full Adder with 180nm Technology
Authors: Prasada G.S Sai Venkatramana , Seshikala G. , Niranjana S. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
This paper presents the comparative study of power dissipation, delay and
power delay product (PDP) of different full adders and multiplier designs.

Methods:
Full adder is the fundamental operation for any processors, DSP architectures and VLSI
systems. Here ten different full adder structures were analyzed for their best performance using a
Mentor Graphics tool with 180nm technology.

Results:
From the analysis result high performance full adder is extracted for further higher level
designs. 8T full adder exhibits high speed, low power delay and low power delay product and
hence it is considered to construct four different multiplier designs, such as Array multiplier,
Baugh Wooley multiplier, Braun multiplier and Wallace Tree multiplier. These different structures
of multipliers were designed using 8T full adder and simulated using Mentor Graphics tool in a
constant W/L aspect ratio.

Conclusion:
From the analysis, it is concluded that Wallace Tree multiplier is the high speed multiplier
but dissipates comparatively high power. Baugh Wooley multiplier dissipates less power but
exhibits more time delay and low PDP.
An Overview on Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Swetha Reddy Singireddy1 Swetha Reddy , Varagandhi Susmitha , Jagiri Aishwarya Goud , Kadarla Rohith Kumar 
Published: January 2020

Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease. It is caused by mutations in the CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) gene on chromosome 7 that codes for a protein transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein which functions as a transmembrane cAMP-activated chloride channel. CFTR also affects other ion channels, most notably blocking the influx of sodium into the cell through the epithelial sodium channel. The CFTR abnormality has been shown to produce a number of changes in the airway, including acidification and decreased water and ion transit. A pulmonary exacerbation of CF is usually identified by an increase in cough and sputum and a decrease in pulmonary function. Disease manifests in many organs, but most notably the upper and lower airways, pancreas, bowel, and reproductive tracts. Pulmonary function testing is a major tool for evaluating and monitoring disease state and progression in CF. Spirometry is the commonly used pulmonary function test. Management of CF requires good nutrition and appropriate supplementation of vitamins and pancreatic enzymes. The Cystic Fibrosis Foundation recommends the following treatments as having a high certainty of substantial net benefit, grade A, for moderate-to-severe disease: inhaled tobramycin, dornasealfa, ivacaftor, and inhaled aztreonam. Preventing or treating intestinal blockages—oral rehydration and osmotic laxatives (incomplete blockage) and hyperosmolar contrast enemas (complete DIOS). Antibiotics are the major components of CF treatment and are administered chronically (e.g. inhaled antibiotics, macrolides used for their immunomodulatory properties) or intermittently to prevent, eradicate, control or treat respiratory infections. Lumacaftor (200 mg) + ivacaftor (125 mg), Orkambi, is the first approved CFTR corrector and potentiator combination therapy.
Keywords:
Pregnant Women’s Knowledge and Attitudes toward Epidural Anesthesia in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Zaidyah N. Zaihi  , Laila M. Harbi  , Nidaa S. Jaylan  , Aisha A. Qumiri  , Zahra M. Alsrori  , Najla M. Asheeri  , Fatimah A. Abudyab  , Eshraq E. Othman  , Athar M. Madkhali  , Raniyah A. Ahmed  
Published: January 2020

Labor pain is one of the most severe forms of pain a woman can endure throughout her lifetime. Epidural anesthesia (EA) is a widely used and effective method of analgesia for labor pain. If administered timely, EA relives about 90% to 95% of the labor pain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes toward EA in a sample of pregnant women from Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. We conducted a cross-sectional study on a sample of 172 pregnant women using an online survey. Socio demographic data and responses to the questions about knowledge and attitudes toward EA were analyzed using descriptive tests and Chi-square test. The mean age of participants was 27.8 ± 6.3 years. About 46.5% of respondents had a university degree and 39.5% had finished high school. Overall, women showed adequate knowledge about EA and 36.6% had positive attitudes toward the use of EA for labor pain. The factors that were significantly associated with positive attitudes were education (χ2: 24.98, P<0.05), parity (χ2: 22.93, P<0.05), past experience with EA (χ2: 32.24, P<0.001), and source of knowledge (χ2: 19.61, P<0.05). This study revealed adequate knowledge about EA among pregnant women. More than one-third (36.6%) showed positive attitudes toward using EA. Significant factors affecting attitudes toward EA were high education, multiparty, experience with EA, and source of information about EA. Implications and recommendations are discussed.
Deskripsi Dan Habitat Mycalesis Perseus Fabricius, 1775 (Rhopalocera: Nymphalidae) Spesies Kosmopolitan Di Gunung Tompotika, Sulawesi
Authors: Afrilianti Cipta , Sataral Mihwan , Elijonnahdi Elijonnahdi , Fahri Fahri 
Published: January 2020

This study aims to describe Mycalesis perseus Fabricius, 1775 and learn its habitat in Mt. Tompotika, Sulawesi. This research was conducted in February-March 2019. The butterflies was collected by using purposive sampling method with sweeping techniques using insect net along the hiking trails. The character of M. perseus is explained by the head, thorax, abdomen and wings. Mycalesis perseus characterized by ocellion the wing which borders with the white line on the postdiscal forewing and hindwing sections. Mycalesis perseus was found in secondary forest habitats and cashew gardens at an altitude of 100-200 meters above sea level.