bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CUSTOM DESIGN PERSPECTIVE IN THE PROCESS PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION OF NANO LIPID CARRIERS
Authors: M. ASHWINI , SUDHEER PREETHI , SOGALI BHARANI S. 
Published: November 2020

Objective: Nanostructured lipid carrier is an emerging lipid-derived delivery system that is rapidly gaining popularity due to the simplicity of the manufacturing technique. The primary task in formulating nanoparticles is to optimize the parameters that are involved in the process. The rationale behind this study is to optimize the process parameters for the preparation of nanostructured lipid carriers.
Methods: The optimization of selected techniques hot homogenization with ultra-sonication and melt dispersion technique, was carried out via statistical analysis software JMP version 13 Pro using custom design approaches. Sonication time, homogenization speed, stirring rate, and cooling temperature were selected as factors for hot homogenization. Stirring speed, stirring time, and dilution volume were the factors deliberated for melt dispersion. The impact of these factors on the responses, particle size, and polydispersity index were studied. The nanoparticles were prepared according to the ten experimental runs generated by the design. Based on the responses, the design space and optimum framework were selected.
Results: The prediction profiler indicated maximum desirability at 81% and 80% for hot homogenization and melt dispersion respectively. The actual versus predicted plot of particle size indicated a regression coefficient (R2) of 0.98, and a p-value of 0.0001 for hot homogenization and for melt dispersion the corresponding values were 0.95 and 0.0003. For the response polydispersity index, these values were 0.92 and 0.0052 for hot homogenization and 0.90 and 0.0024 for melt dispersion.
Conclusion: The endorsing results indicated the authenticity of the model in predicting the significant processing parameters for NLC.
Assessment of the Potential of Wind Energy Resources in Southern Iraq
Authors: Al-Rufaee F. M. , Abdali L. M. , Kuvshinov V. V. , Yakimovich B. A. 
Published: November 2020

Для увеличения в мировом энергетическом комплексе доли возобновляемой альтернативной энергетики и сокращения потребления традиционных топливных энергетических ресурсов необходимо проводить исследования потенциала возобновляемой энергетики в развивающихся странах. Эти государства сильно зависимы от импорта энергетических установок и технологий. В результате они недостаточно развивают свой энергокомплекс за счет использования альтернативной энергетики. Это происходит в том числе из-за недостаточного прогнозирования и оценки потенциала возобновляемых энергоресурсов на своей территории. Возобновляемые источники энергии призваны играть большую роль в сокращении выбросов с использованием альтернативных источников электроэнергии, таких как энергия ветраПроведено исследование данных о скорости ветра в различных районах Ирака. Данные показывают, что город Алхай, где фиксировались средние значения скорости ветра по годам, расположенный на юге Ирака, идеально подходит для создания проектной ветровой электростанции благодаря тому, что скорость ветра здесь является приемлемой. Также были разработаны и рассчитаны мощности и энергия, которые могут быть получены от ветроэнергетической установки.Результаты исследования показали, что предлагаемая система ветроэнергетики является хорошим выбором и может быть внедрена в Алхае для получения достаточного количества электроэнергии для городов Ирака. Распространение проектов по возобновляемой энергии сегодня во многом зависит от смелости и решимости лиц, принимающих решения в Ираке.
Hot Isostatic Pressing of Carbide Steels from Chip Waste of Metal Cutting Production
Authors: Khlybov A. A. , Belyaev E. S. , Ryabtsev A. D. , Belyaeva S. S. , Getmanovsky Yu. A. 
Published: November 2020

Представлены результаты исследований процесса изготовления карбидосталей. При исследовании использован порошок, полученный из стружковых отходов стали Р6М5, порошок карбида титана фракции 5/3 мкм и технический углерод. Рассмотрены три состава карбидосталей.Принята следующая схема изготовления карбидосталей: отмывка и размол стружковых отходов – смешивание и пластификация шихты – холодное формование шихты – прессование в капсуле – спекание и изотермический отжиг в вакууме – заварка, дегазация и герметизация капсул – горячее изостатическое прессование – осадка полученных заготовок.Для исследуемой порошковой шихты определялись показатели прессуемости в интервале давлений 200...700 МПа. Установлено, что увеличение доли карбидов в шихте снижает прессуемость. Для формования брикетов рассматриваемых порошковых смесей рекомендовано использовать большое давление, что обеспечит бόльшую относительную плотность после спекания.Была выбрана оптимальная температура спекания брикетов и листов – 1150 °С, которая обеспечивает получение после спекания максимальной относительной плотности и исключает оплавления прессовок в процессе спекания. После спекания и изотермического отжига микроструктура прессовок состоит из равномерно распределенных карбидов в матрице из сорбита и пор.Горячее изостатическое прессование выполнено при температуре 1150 °С, давлении 200 МПа, в среде аргона, выдержке при заданной температуре и давлении 120 мин, охлаждении со скоростью 180 °С/ч до 400 °С, далее – охлаждение на воздухе. При исходной относительной плотности спеченных заготовок порядка 65…75 % цикл ГИП гарантирует их компактирование.Горячая осадка компактных газостатированных заготовок при различной степени обжатия проводилась для придания им приближенной к диску формы для последующего изготовления опытных дисковых фрез. Показано, что степень обжатия при горячей осадке способствуют дроблению карбидной фазы, формируют благоприятную микроструктуру. Карбидная неоднородность во всех полученных материалах не хуже 1 балла (шкала 2) по ГОСТ 19265–73.Из полученных материалов были изготовлены дисковые фрезы, которые прошли стандартную термическую обработку для стали Р6М5 и показали более высокую стойкость по сравнению с инструментами, изготовленными из аналогичной стали по обычной металлургической технологии.
Providing Quick Fastening of the Functional Module to the Frame of Special Equipment to Maintain the Combat Readiness of Armored Weapons
Authors: Akhtulov A. L. , Bukhovtsev E. V. , Dadayan S. E. , Maly V. V. , Moskalenko V. A. 
Published: November 2020

В соответствии с концептуальными подходами к разработке перспективных комплексов специальной техники их дальнейшее развитие должно осуществляться на основе создания универсально-модульных мастерских на типовых унифицированных шасси за счет конструктивного и функционального сопряжения специального технологического оборудования с элементами шасси без изменения компоновки и конструкции.В ходе анализа исследований в этой области выявлен ряд вариантов решения данной задачи, каждый из которых обладает своими достоинствами и недостатками: применение стремянок, прижимающих кузов к раме автомобиля посредством гаечного резьбового соединения через амортизационный узел и устройства крепления; перестановка автомобильного кузова-фургона с шасси одного на другое транспортное средство, автономный грузовой модуль с кузовом-фургоном, оснащенный системой самопогрузки-выгрузки, и др.Представлена конструкция устройства быстрого крепления функционального модуля на раме автомобиля, применение которого на специальной технике для обеспечения боеготовности бронетанкового вооружения обеспечивает быстрое и надежное крепление функционального модуля на раме базового шасси. Работоспособность конструкции подтверждена машинным экспериментом, проведенным по разработанным алгоритмам методик компоновочного расчета комплекса, реализованных в виде самостоятельных программ узкого назначения, каждая из которых может транслироваться, компилироваться и записываться на внешний носитель. Программы составлены с использованием стандартного математического обеспечения и могут быть в зависимости от запросов реализованы в виде пакета прикладных программ с различной последовательностью их выполнения. Построенные алгоритмы позволяют использовать для компоновочных расчетов вычислительные комплексы и значительно их упрощают. Жесткостные, инерционные и демпфирующие свойства системы определяются из характеристик отдельных элементов, подсистем и подконструкций путем одинаковых автоматических операций матричной алгебры.Реализация обеспечения взаимозаменяемости шасси транспортного средства с возможностью быстрой замены его функционального модуля позволит помимо решения задачи унификации по составным частям обеспечить полную взаимозаменяемость шасси для различных типов специальной техники, а также формировать ее оптимальный состав для обеспечения боеготовности современных объектов бронетанкового вооружения.
Evaluating the Impact of Facility Management Credentials
Authors: Hurtado Kristen , Smithwick Jake , Sullivan Kenneth , Bown Michael 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
The field of facility management (FM) has existed alongside other related fields, such as engineering and construction, yet its place within traditional education pathways is less formalized than is the case with other areas of the built environment. As such, those seeking entry into the profession will discover that it is largely undefined and a function of experience, with many professionals looking to supplement their experience with credentials and continuing education to better prepare themselves for advancement in the FM profession. To better understand and evaluate the impact and value of FM credentials in the industry and for its members, data were collected through two online international surveys of FM professionals and FM organizations. The research was commissioned by the International Facility Management Association (IFMA). The results indicate that FM professionals experience value in attaining a credential, and their employers also benefit. The return on investment of the IFMA credentials was calculated to be 15:1 over five years.
ThinkTank: Um Jogo Construtivista para Ensino de Pensamento Computacional
Authors: Coutinho Natucci Gabriel , Francisco Borges Marcos Augusto 
Published: November 2020

Este artigo discute e apresenta o desenvolvimento do jogo Thinktank, com base construtivista para o ensino de pensamento computacional e programação. O jogo faz uso de programação em blocos em uma mecânica de fácil entendimento para atingir públicos variados, com pouco ou nenhum conhecimento em programação. Um diferencial deste jogo é a competição multijogador em tempo real pela internet, que permite a aprendizes se desafiarem e jogarem em arenas competitivamente, estimulando-os a melhorar e aprender continuamente novos algoritmos e estratégias para ganhar a partida. É apresentado um protótipo inicial do jogo, bem como futuras direções de pesquisa e melhorias.
Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Individuals With Diabetes
Authors: Wan Zhenzhen , Guo Jingyu , Pan An , Chen Chen , Liu Liegang , Liu Gang 
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE
The evidence regarding vitamin D status and mortality among people with diabetes is scarce. This study aimed to examine the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among adults with diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This study included 6,329 adults with diabetes from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) and NHANES 2001–2014. Death outcomes were ascertained by linkage to National Death Index records through 31 December 2015. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs for mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer.

RESULTS
The weighted mean (95% CI) level of serum 25(OH)D was 57.7 (56.6, 58.8) nmol/L, and 46.6% had deficient vitamin D (&lt;50 nmol/L [20 ng/mL]). Higher serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with lower levels of glucose, insulin, HOMA of insulin resistance, HbA1c, blood lipids, and C-reactive protein at baseline (all Ptrend &lt; 0.05). During 55,126 person-years of follow-up, 2,056 deaths were documented, including 605 CVD deaths and 309 cancer deaths. After multivariate adjustment, higher serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly and linearly associated with lower all-cause and CVD mortality: there was a 31% reduced risk of all-cause mortality and a 38% reduced risk of CVD mortality per one-unit increment in natural log-transformed 25(OH)D (both P &lt; 0.001). Compared with participants with 25(OH)D &lt;25 nmol/L, the multivariate-adjusted HRs and 95% CI for participants with 25(OH)D &gt;75 nmol/L were 0.59 (0.43, 0.83) for all-cause mortality (Ptrend = 0.003), 0.50 (0.29, 0.86) for CVD mortality (Ptrend = 0.02), and 0.49 (0.23, 1.04) for cancer mortality (Ptrend = 0.12).

CONCLUSIONS
Higher serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with lower all-cause and CVD mortality. These findings suggest that maintaining adequate vitamin D status may lower mortality risk in individuals with diabetes.
Perbedaan Hasil Belajar Siswa Menggunakan Model Kooperatif Tipe MM dan TGT dengan bantuan Powerpoint
Authors: Sari Ayu Puspita , Simatupang Lisnawaty 
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan hasil belajar siswa menggunakan model kooperatif tipe Make a Match (MM) dan Teams Games Tournament(TGT) dengan bantuan PowerPoint pada pokok bahasan koloid. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 2 kelas reguler dengan teknik random sampling (acak) dan masing–masing kelas terdiri atas 40 siswa. Pada kelas eksperimen I diberi pengajaran dengan model kooperatif tipe MM dengan bantuan powerpoint dan pada kelas eksperimen II diberikan pengajaran dengan model TGT dengan bantuan powerpoint. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan siswa pada kelas MM memiliki rata – rata nilai pre-tes 51,44 + 17,85 dan post-tes87,62+6,25 dengan rata – rata gain sebesar 73,53%. Sedangkan siswa pada kelas TGT memiliki rata – rata nilai pre-tes 45,25+14,24 dan post-tes83,94+5,58 dengan rata – rata gain sebesar 69,46%. Uji hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji t dua pihak dari data hasil belajar dan diperoleh thitung = 2,80 sedangkan ttabel = 1,994 untuk α = 0,05 dan db = 78, sehingga thitung>ttabel. Maka Ha diterima yakni ada perbedaan hasil belajar siswa menggunakan model kooperatif tipe MM dengan bantuan powerpoint dengan model TGTdengan bantuan powerpoint yaitu sebesar 4,07%. Berdasarkan perbandingan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa diperoleh bahwa hasil belajar yang tertinggi yaitu dengan pembelajaran menggunakan model MM.
Pengembangan Penuntun Praktikum Kimia Inovatif Terintegrasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek dan Karakter Pada Materi Koloid
Authors: NAINGGOLAN BAJOKA , HUTABARAT WESLY , GULTOM LIEMMY 
Published: November 2020

Descriptive research and development using the ADDIE method aims to Innovatiive develop project-based and character practical guides of Colloidal material according with BSNP standards. The sample of 2 lecturers and 2 chemistry teachers, practical guides for Erlangga (A), Bumi Aksara (B), Pudak Saintifk (C), 26 students XI IPA-5 (experiment) and 26 students XI IPA-6 (control) at the Medan 3th Senior High School. Data was processed descriptively, obtained the results of feasibility validation contents 3.53; language 3.46; presentation of 3.50, score of 3.53, average of 3.32; it means that the practical guides resulting from the development is very valid according to the BSNP standard. Data analysis with ANOVA, obtained the average scores of student outcomes in experimen > control class or 81.5% > 73.8%. Then the average phsychomotor scores of experimen was larger than control class or 84, 64 > 82.78. In addition, the affective scores of experimen was larger than control class or 78.42 > 76.38. The hypothesis tested with one way ANOVA at the significant level of α 0.05, and found that tcount> ttable, (4.536 > 1.697). It is concluded that the Innovative Chemistry Practicum Guides developped is highly very good, suitable for use in Senior High School.
KEBERHASILAN BELAJAR SISWA SMA PADA MATERI AJAR LAJU REAKSI MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH MENGGUNAKAN WEBLOG
Authors: Sinaga Eko Martin , Silalahi Albinus 
Published: November 2020

This study aims to show: (1) the difference between the student learning outcomes taught by the PBL model using weblog media (PBL-WM) and taught by the same learning model but not using the media (PBL); (2) the correlation between student learning motivation and PBL-WM improvement; (3) differences in student learning motivation based on PBL-WM and PBL. The sample studied was class XI student of SMA Negeri 1 Percut Sei Tuan in the academic year 2019/2020 on the reaction rate teaching in 2013 curriculum. The instrument that used by test (learning outcome) and non-test (motivation). The results showed the average increase in PBL-WM was 74.7; while the average increase in PBL was 62,658. The average student motivation based on PBL-WM was 85.92; while the average student motivation based on PBL was 78.45. The statistical analysis results of SPSS 22.0 at α=5% can be stated that (1) PBL-WM was higher than PBL; (2) there was a significant correlation between student learning motivation and increase in PBL-WM , with a correlation coefficient of 0.925 and the contribution of learning motivation to increase PBL-WM of 85.5% while 14.5% was influenced by other factors; (3) student motivation based on PBL-WM was higher than PBL.
Pengajaran Materi Kesetimbangan Kimia Menggunakan Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Disertai Macromedia Flash Hasil Pengembangan
Authors: Nainggolan Bajoka , Mutiah Raudatus 
Published: November 2020

This research is a research and development (R&D) using ADDIE (Ananlysis, design, development, implementation and evaluate) method, aimed at developing Macromedia Flash learning media and knowing the improvement of students' chemistry learning outcomes. The sample consisted of 3 chemistry validator lecturers, macromedia flash, class XI Science -1 (27 students) for the experimental class and XI Science -2 (27 students) for the control class from High School Muhammadiyah 1 Medan. Learning in the experimental class problem-based learning model (PBL) with Macromedia Flash is the result of development, and in the PBL control class without Macromedia Flash. Macromedia Flash validation developed using the BSNP instrument, obtained an average content worth of 4.39; language 4.66; presentation 4.39; and graphic 4.33; on average all aspects are 4.44 (very feasible category). Learning outcomes data were processed descriptively and analyzed with one-party t-test, obtained an increase in student chemistry learning outcomes with the experimental class gain 80.00%, and the control class 72.00%. Hypothesis testing obtained tcount> ttable is 4.396 > 1.672. Conclusions that the application of macromedia flash learning media as a result of development in PBL can significantly improve student learning outcomes in equilibrium material in class XI Science High School.
Exploring challenges faced by parents of children with tuberculosis to achieve treatment success
Authors: Awaluddin SMaria , Ismail Nurhuda , Yasin Siti Munira , Zakaria Yuslina , Mohamed Zainudin Norzila , Kusnin Faridah , Mohd Yusoff Mas Ahmad Sherzkawee , Razali Asmah 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Parents play an essential role in the success of their children’s tuberculosis (TB) treatment. They faced many challenges from the initial children’s health status changes until completing the TB treatment. The challenges were also described as perceived barriers, according to the Health Belief Model (HBM). This study aims to explore parents’ experiences on the challenges in achieving a successful TB treatment for their child in two districts of Selangor, Malaysia.
Methods: The research was carried out using the phenomenology study design. In-depth interviews were conducted among purposely sample primary caregivers of children with TB disease who have completed TB treatment or still under treatment. MyTB version 2.1 data were sought from TB Unit, Selangor Health State Department for Klang and Petaling districts. The participants were selected based on the registration year of 2017 to 2019. The collected data was considered as achieving its saturation level if no new themes arise from the latest interviews session. The R-based Qualitative Data Analysis (RQDA) package version 0.2-8 was used for thematic data analysis.
Results: The total number of participants in this study was fifteen mothers of children with TB disease. There were six main themes identified from this study, which were health symptoms challenges, TB investigation challenges, personal challenges, healthcare facilities challenges, administration medication challenges, and community challenges.
Conclusions: Understanding the challenges faced by parents of children with TB disease is vital for improving the TB services and providing the required psychosocial support to the children’s family.
Ranks, Subdegrees and Suborbital graphs of the product action of Affine Groups
Authors: Agwanda Siahi Maxwell , Kimani Patrick , Kamuti Ireri 
Published: November 2020

The action of affine groups on Galois field has been studied. For instance, studied the action of on Galois field for a power of prime. In this paper, the rank and subdegree of the direct product of affine groups over Galois field acting on the cartesian product of Galois field is determined. The application of the definition of the product action is used to achieve this. The ranks and subdegrees are used in determination of suborbital graph, the non-trivial suborbital graphs that correspond to this action have been constructed using Sims procedure and were found to have a girth of 0, 3, 4 and 6.
The basics of designing a digital simulation for the preparation of teachers of mathematics
Authors: Galiakberova A. A. , Galyamova E. K. , Kiselev B. V. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The article discusses the positive aspects of the introduction of digital simulators of pedagogical activity into the process of professional training of teachers. The subject of the research is the most significant technical factors affecting the design of a digital simulator for professional training of mathematics teachers. Methodological approaches to simulating the process of learning to find solutions to problems are considered.Materials and Methods. In the article there was conducted theoretical analysis of the complex domestic and foreign scientific sources (articles and publications on the research topic, the results of dissertational researches in pedagogics and psychology), which generalize and systematize international and Russian experience in relation to teacher training, and in terms of the characteristics of different virtual simulators. There were applied a method of theoretical generalization, content analysis, technical algorithm for using computer programs in the designing of a simulator.Results. As a result of the authors’ analysis and interpretation of available sources, the data of international and Russian studies are summarized and systematized. Various platforms and technical characteristics that allow implementing simulators are analyzed. The technical data obtained during the analysis allowed us to identify and justify the process of creating the simulator platform. The visual concept of a simulator, which provides for the use of vector and raster graphics packages, is presented.Discussion and Conclusions. The article presents the stages of development and implementation of simulators in the professional training of teachers. The new digital educational environment with the use of computer modeling capabilities will allow future teachers to master professional competencies by training virtual students.