bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multishot Diffusion‐Weighted MRI of the Breast With Multiplexed Sensitivity Encoding (MUSE) and Shot Locally Low‐Rank (Shot‐LLR) Reconstructions
Authors: Hu Yuxin , Ikeda Debra M. , Pittman Sarah M. , Samarawickrama Dilan , Guidon Arnaud , Rosenberg Jarrett , Chen Shu‐tian , Okamoto Satoko , Daniel Bruce L. , Hargreaves Brian A. , Moran Catherine J. 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundDiffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) has shown promise to screen for breast cancer without a contrast injection, but image distortion and low spatial resolution limit standard single‐shot DWI. Multishot DWI methods address these limitations but introduce shot‐to‐shot phase variations requiring correction during reconstruction.PurposeTo investigate the performance of two multishot DWI reconstruction methods, multiplexed sensitivity encoding (MUSE) and shot locally low‐rank (shot‐LLR), compared to single‐shot DWI in the breast.Study TypeProspective.PopulationA total of 45 women who consented to have multishot DWI added to a clinically indicated breast MRI.Field Strength/SequencesSingle‐shot DWI reconstructed by parallel imaging, multishot DWI with four or eight shots reconstructed by MUSE and shot‐LLR, 3D T2‐weighted imaging, and contrast‐enhanced MRI at 3T.AssessmentThree blinded observers scored images for 1) general image quality (perceived signal‐to‐noise ratio [SNR], ghosting, distortion), 2) lesion features (discernment and morphology), and 3) perceived resolution. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the lesion was also measured and compared between methods.Statistical TestsImage quality features and perceived resolution were assessed with a mixed‐effects logistic regression. Agreement among observers was estimated with a Krippendorf's alpha using linear weighting. Lesion feature ratings were visualized using histograms, and correlation coefficients of lesion ADC between different methods were calculated.ResultsMUSE and shot‐LLR images were rated to have significantly better perceived resolution (P < 0.001), higher SNR (P < 0.005), and a lower level of distortion (P < 0.05) with respect to single‐shot DWI. Shot‐LLR showed reduced ghosting artifacts with respect to both MUSE (P < 0.001) and single‐shot DWI (P < 0.001). Eight‐shot DWI had improved perceived SNR and perceived resolution with respect to four‐shot DWI (P < 0.005).Data ConclusionMultishot DWI enables increased resolution and improved image quality with respect to single‐shot DWI in the breast. Shot‐LLR reconstructs multishot DWI with minimal ghosting artifacts. The improvement of multishot DWI in image quality increases with an increased number of shots.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy Stage2
The Japanese Catheter Ablation Registry (J‐AB): A prospective nationwide multicenter registry in Japan. Annual report in 2018
Authors: Kusano Kengo , Yamane Teiichi , Inoue Koichi , Takegami Misa , Nakao Yoko M. , Miyamoto Yoshihiro , Shoda Morio , Nogami Akihiko ,   J‐AB registry investigators
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo analyze the type of ablation procedure, acute outcomes, and complications related to catheter ablation in Japan during the year of 2018.MethodThe Japanese Catheter Ablation (J‐AB) registry is a voluntary, nationwide, multicenter, prospective, observational registry, performed by the Japanese Heart Rhythm Society (JHRS) in collaboration with the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center using a Research Electronic Data Capture system. The procedural outcome and complications during hospitalizations were collected.ResultA total of 55 525 procedures (mean age of 64.5 years and 66.5% male) from 369 hospitals were collected. The total number of target arrhythmias was 61 610 including atrial fibrillation (AF, 65.6%), atrial flutter (AFL) or atrial tachycardia (16.7%), atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (7.4%), atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (3.5%), premature ventricular contractions (4.1%), and ventricular tachycardia (VT, 2.0%). Over a 90% acute success rate was observed among all arrhythmias except for VT due to structural heart disease, and notably, an over 99% success rate was achieved for pulmonary vein isolation of AF and inferior vena cava‐tricuspid valve isthmus block for isthmus‐dependent AFL. Acute complications during hospitalization were observed in 1558 patients (2.8%), including major bleeding (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium: BARC criteria ≥2) in 1.1%, cerebral or systemic embolisms in 0.2%, and death in 0.1%. Acute complications were more often observed with AF ablation (P < .001), especially the first AF ablation session and with structural heart disease (P < .001).ConclusionThe J‐AB registry provided real‐world data regarding the acute outcomes and complications of ablation for the various types of arrhythmias in Japan.
A comprehensive analysis of meteorological drought stress over the Yellow River basin (China) for the next 40 years
Authors: Ma Mingwei , Yuan Fei , Cui Huijuan , Ren Liliang , Liu Yi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe complexity of climate system dynamics calls for more elaborate drought evaluation and trend projection under different future climate scenarios. In this study, the meteorological drought stress over the Yellow River basin (YRB) of China for the next forty years (2021–2060) is comprehensively evaluated based on meteorological simulations of eight climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) with three representative concentration pathway scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) is used as a metric of drought magnitude at multiple temporal scales, while the multi‐threshold run analysis is conducted for the definition of drought events and derivation of drought characteristics (e.g., frequency, duration and severity). The Mann–Kendall test is adopted as a universal tool to analyse the trends in climate variables (precipitation and temperature), multi‐temporal SPEI drought indices and drought characteristics (duration and severity). Our preliminary conclusions include that partially increasing precipitation and generally rising temperature are likely to be seen in the YRB from 2021 to 2060. More importantly, a warmer YRB may undergo either a nearly regular atmospheric regime (e.g., comparable to the baseline period of 1961–2000) with RCP2.6 scenario or significantly drying processes with RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. Meanwhile, the enhanced spatiotemporal variability/heterogeneity of meteorological forcing (e.g., precipitation and temperature) and drought characteristics (e.g., magnitude, frequency, duration and severity) would also increase future uncertainty of meteorological drought stress over the YRB, such as the encounter of drought with long duration and/or high severity and relevant increasing trends. Understanding the spatiotemporal influences of specific climate and emission scenarios on projected drought vulnerability might help improving our knowledge of climate‐human interactions and selecting rational development strategy (like the low emission scenario of RCP2.6 or so) for regional adaptation to future climate change.
Mire microclimate: Groundwater buffers temperature in waterlogged versus dry soils
Authors: Fernández‐Pascual Eduardo , Correia‐Álvarez Eva 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEcosystems adapt differently to global warming through microclimatic factors. Mires are sensitive wetland habitats that strongly rely on local soil properties, making them a good model to understand how local climatic parameters counteract the effects of climate change. We quantified the temperature buffering effect in waterlogged mire soils as compared with adjacent dry soils. We buried dataloggers at 5 cm depth in waterlogged and dry points in eight mires of the Cantabrian Mountains (Spain, southwestern Europe) and recorded soil temperatures for ca. 5 years. We also compared our local measures with air temperatures predicted by the CHELSA model. Waterlogged soils had less diurnal thermal amplitude (−2.3°C), less annual thermal amplitude (−5.1°C), cooler summer maxima (−4.3°C) and warmer winter minima (+0.8°C). CHELSA air temperatures only correlated significantly (p < .05) with winter minimum soil temperatures (Pearson's r > .83), and CHELSA predictions were less accurate (higher root‐mean‐square error [RMSE]) for waterlogged soils, except for the summer maxima. We conclude that mire soils show a thermal buffer effect that insulates them from the surrounding landscape. This effect is stronger at the warm end of the climatic spectrum, that is, during summer and at lower elevations. These results highlight the potential refugial character of mires under global warming, and the need to integrate microclimate measurements into climate change models.
Polymeric Microspheres Containing Human Vocal Fold Fibroblasts for Vocal Fold Regeneration
Authors: Reyes Valenzuela Alicia , Bao Guangyu , Vikstrom Abigail , Kost Karen M. , Prakash Satya , Mongeau Luc 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveMost acellular injectable biomaterials for vocal fold (VF) wound treatment have limited regenerative potential due to their fast enzymatic degradation and limited recruitment of native cells postinjection. The injection of cells as therapeutic treatment often results in apoptosis due to stresses within the needle and the immune response of the host. Degradable microspheres may improve treatment effectiveness by increasing cell residence time, shielding cells during injection, and offering early protection against the immune system response. The objective of the present study was to investigate the potential of human VF fibroblasts encapsulated in polymeric microspheres as an injectable therapeutic treatment in vitro.MethodsAlginate, alginate‐poly‐L‐lysine, and alginate‐chitosan microspheres were fabricated using electrospraying and characterized in terms of biocompatibility, swelling, and mechanical properties as well as cytokine production.ResultsAlginate microspheres were found to have the most desirable properties for VF regeneration. They were resistant to mechanical challenges. They were found to have a stiffness similar to that reported for native VF‐lamina propria. They were found to be biocompatible and increased the proliferation of fibroblasts. Human VF fibroblasts encapsulated in alginate microspheres induced the production of interleukin (IL)‐8 and IL‐4 at 24 hours.ConclusionThe alginate microspheres fabricated in this study were found to offer potential advantages, as cell delivery tool. This study highlights the importance of combining biomaterials and cells to expedite the wound‐healing process through cytokine production. Future work is aimed to further analysis of the wound‐healing properties the microspheres.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 131:1828–1834, 2021
Assessing spatiotemporal characteristics of native and invasive species with multi‐temporal remote sensing images in the Yellow River Delta, China
Authors: Gong Zhaoning , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Lei , Bai Junhong , Zhou Demin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAs the main invasive plant species in the Yellow River Delta, Spartina alterniflora (S. alterniflora) has been a great threat to local ecosystems, but there are few studies on the growth scale, habitat structural changes, and expansion pattern of S. alterniflora. In this study, the native and invasive species in the Yellow River Delta were examined for their spatiotemporal characteristics and succession patterns. First, multi‐temporal SENTINEL‐2 and LANDSAT‐8 images from 2018 were selected. A random forest algorithm was used to verify the image spectral band's significance and separability to determine the native and invasive species. Then, the spatiotemporal variation of habitat structure of the species was discussed in depth from the perspective of landscape ecology. Finally, the expansion direction and expansion mode of S. alterniflora were further analyzed. The main results obtained were as follows: (a) SENTINEL‐2 images with red‐edge bands had obvious advantages in vegetation community extraction as compared to LANDSAT‐8 images (SENTINEL‐2, OA = 82.86%, kappa coefficient = 0.79; LANDSAT‐8, OA = 78.77%, kappa coefficient = 0.74). (b) The expansion pattern of the S. alterniflora community became spatially continuous, more regularized, and aggregated over time. (c) The expansion in the north shore mainly faced toward the sea, and the south bank mainly faced toward the land, and this phenomenon was closely related to the sedimentation of the Yellow River Delta. Marginal and external expansion both occurred, but marginal expansion predominated. The results have important theoretical and scientific value for the environmental protection and sustainable development of the entire Yellow River Delta.
Comparison of arterial supercharging and venous superdrainage on improvement of survival of the extended perforator flap in rats
Authors: Wang Xin , Pan Jiadong , Xiao Dongchao , Li Miaozhong , Huang Tianxiang , Lu Chenlin , Lineaweaver William C. , Chen Hong , Yang Huilin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundArterial supercharging and venous superdrainage have been the commonly used vascular augmentation techniques for resolving partial loss of flaps in reconstructive surgery. It remains controversial which one of them is more effective in improving flap survival. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of distal venous superdrainage and arterial supercharging on the survival of an extended dorsal perforator flap in rats.Materials and MethodsSixty Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20 in each group). An extended dorsal perforator flap with the size of 3 × 12 cm based on the deep circumflex iliac artery and vein was elevated in each rat. In arterial supercharging group, the thoracodorsal artery was retained as the distal supercharging vessel; In venous superdrainage group, the thoracodorsal vein was retained as the distal superdrainage vessel. In control group, no other arteries and veins were retained except the main vascular pedicle. On the seventh day after operation, the survival area of flap was calculated as a percentage of viable area to the total flap. Vascular changes in the choke zones were assessed by angiography. Microvascular density and diameter were assessed via immunohistochemistry staining of CD31 on the fifth day after operation.ResultsThe flap survival area in arterial supercharging group was significantly higher than that in venous superdrainage group (98.9 ± 0.8% vs. 81.5 ± 3.5%, p < .001). By gross observation, the extent of dilation of choke zone vessels in venous superdrainage group was smaller compared with that in arterial supercharging group. The density of CD31‐positive vessels and the diameter of choke zone vessels in arterial supercharging group were significantly larger than that in venous superdrainage group (23.4 ± 4.6 mm−2 vs. 13.1 ± 4.2 mm−2, p < .05; and 37.5 ± 5.8 μm vs. 27.8 ± 4.9 μm, p < .05).ConclusionCompared with venous superdrainage, distal arterial supercharging in the potential territory resulted in better survival of an extended dorsal perforator flap in a rat model.
HDAC3i‐Finder: A Machine Learning‐based Computational Tool to Screen for HDAC3 Inhibitors
Authors: Li Shan , Ding Yu , Chen Miaomiao , Chen Ya , Kirchmair Johannes , Zhu Zihao , Wu Song , Xia Jie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHistone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) is a potential drug target for treatment of human diseases such as cancer, chronic inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases and diabetes. Machine learning (ML) as an essential cheminformatics approach has been widely used for QSAR modeling. However, none of them has been applied to HDAC3. To this end, we carefully compiled a set of 1098 compounds from the ChEMBL database that have been assayed against HDAC3 and calculated three different sets of molecular features for each compound, i. e. two‐dimensional Mordred descriptors, MACCS keys (166 bits) and Morgan2 fingerprints (1024 bits). Five ML classifiers, i. e. k‐Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random forest (RF), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Deep Neural Network (DNN) were trained on each feature set and optimized for classification. A total of 15 models were generated and carefully compared, among which the best‐performing one was the XGBoost model based on the Morgan2 fingerprints, i. e. XGBoost_morgan2. Evaluated on a well‐curated benchmarking set named MUBD‐HDAC3, this model achieved a high early ROC enrichment (ROCE0.5 %: 41.02). A further retrospective screening of an annotated chemical library in PubChem demonstrated that the best model could identify 8 novel‐scaffold HDAC3 inhibitors while assaying only 1 % of the compounds. To make this model accessible for the scientific community, we developed a python GUI application named HDAC3i‐Finder to facilitate prospective screening for HDAC3 inhibitors. The source code of HDAC3i‐Finder is available at https://github.com/jwxia2014/HDAC3i‐Finder.
Solution‐processed graphene oxide coatings for enhanced heat transfer during dropwise condensation of steam
Authors: Colusso Elena , Tancon Marco , Cazzola Lorenzo , Parin Riccardo , Agnoli Stefano , De Boni Francesco , Pelizzo Maria Guglielmina , Della Gaspera Enrico , Del Col Davide , Martucci Alessandro 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHydrophobic coatings have the ability to promote dropwise condensation on metal surfaces. In this work, reduced graphene oxide coatings are fabricated by dip coating copper substrates into a graphene oxide colloidal suspension, followed by thermal reduction. The formation of reduced graphene oxide is demonstrated by Raman and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterizations, while scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and dynamic water contact angle analyses are employed to verify the morphology and the wettability of the coatings. The prepared coatings demonstrate applicability in the promotion of dropwise condensation of pure steam, with an 8‐fold enhancement of the heat transfer coefficient compared to film‐wise condensation. In addition, durability of the reduced graphene oxide coatings of more than 100 hours in the tested condition is reported.
Synthetic advances of internally nanostructured polymer particles: From and beyond block copolymer
Authors: Pan Xuefeng , Mei Shilin , Lu Yan , Yuan Jiayin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPolymer particles with internal nanostructures for versatile applications in many fields have attracted widespread attention. Among the diverse synthetic strategies toward polymer particles, polymer assembly in solution or melt is one of the most powerful methods to fabricate various hierarchically nanostructured materials in different length scales. In the review, we summarized the recent advances of several significant synthetic strategies of polymer particles with unique internal structures: (1) the principle of solvent exchange‐induced either self‐organized or scalable flash nanoprecipitation, (2) emulsion‐solvent evaporation by engineering the interfacial interaction between the emulsion droplet and medium, (3) template‐assisted method, and (4) polymerization‐induced assembly method. In each part, we systematically describe key factors such as interfacial relationship, solvent properties, and chemical nature of polymer that dictate the formation and evolution of their morphology. Finally, we discussed remaining issues of nanostructured polymer assemblies and their potential for future applications.
Flexible Co3O4/TiO2 monolithic catalysts for low‐temperature and long‐term stable CO oxidation
Authors: Tang Xinyue , Wang Junchao , Ma Yonghui , Li Jing , Zhang Xinglai , La Peiqing , Liu Baodan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe development of efficient monolithic catalysts and their fabrication methods for low‐temperature and long‐term stable CO oxidation always remains a challenge for both fundamental research and technological application. In this work, an innovative synthetic strategy to in‐situ integrate Co3O4/TiO2 monolithic catalysts on flexible Ti mesh substrate through multi‐step processes was demonstrated. The in‐situ grown catalysts show strong substrate adhesion, large surface areas and a complete CO conversion temperature of 105°C, which is superior or comparative to most noble metal catalysts. The in‐situ grown Co3O4/TiO2 catalysts on Ti mesh also exhibit excellent long‐term stability that is critically important for industrial application. It is expected that the in‐situ synthesis strategy of well‐defined Co3O4/TiO2 monolithic catalysts on flexible mesh substrate can be extended to the development of a variety of oxide‐based monolithic catalysts towards diverse catalysis applications.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor or serotonin‐norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and epidemiological characteristics associated with prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease
Authors: Melov Sarah J. , Shetty Prayatna Singh , Pasupathy Dharmintra , Kirby Adrienne , Sholler Gary F. , Winlaw David S. , Alahakoon Thushari I. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveIdentify early pregnancy associations of congenital heart disease (CHD) in a multiethnic cohort.MethodsThis retrospective observational cohort study compared the general obstetric population to women who gave birth at a referral centre in Australia between 2012 and 2017, after 20 weeks' of gestation, with a pregnancy affected by CHD. We defined mood disorder and anxiety as a history of self‐reported or medically diagnosed anxiety, depression, postpartum depression or bipolar disorder.ResultsWe compared epidemiological factors between 30 842 general obstetric patients and 470 obstetric patients with a foetus affected by CHD. Multivariate analysis showed independent associations between CHD and use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin‐norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) in the first trimester (relative risk [RR] 4.14, 95% CI 2.58‐6.65), history of anxiety or mood disorder with no SSRI/SNRI first trimester (RR 2.20, 95% CI 1.77‐2.74), folate and/or pregnancy multivitamin use in the first trimester (RR 0.69, 95% CI 0.55‐0.87) and increased risk with maternal age >40 years (RR 2.30, 95% CI 1.57‐3.38).ConclusionsOur data show maternal mood disorders with and without SSRI or SNRI use, maternal age >40 years and lack of multivitamin/folate use to be independently associated with CHD in pregnancy.
Outcomes following the detection of fetal edema in early pregnancy prior to non‐invasive prenatal testing
Authors: Ramkrishna Jayshree , Menezes Melody , Humnabadkar Kedar , Tse Cheryl , Maxfield Maria J. , da Silva Costa Fabricio , Rolnik Daniel L. , Meagher Simon 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the incidence of structural and chromosomal abnormalities in cases of fetal edema on early ultrasound prior to non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT).MethodsA retrospective study of women undergoing pre‐NIPT ultrasound with fetal crown‐rump length (CRL) of 28 to 44 mm was conducted at a tertiary obstetric ultrasound clinic in Melbourne, Australia. Cases of reported fetal edema were included, and subclassified as isolated nuchal edema (>2.2 mm) or generalized edema/hydrops by two operators blinded to outcomes.ResultsWe identified 104 cases of fetal edema. Nuchal edema and generalized edema were present in 40 (38.5%) and 64 (61.5%) cases, respectively. Relevant chromosomal anomalies were identified in 19.2% (20/104), occurring in 10.0% (4/40) of the nuchal edema and 25.0% (16/64) of the generalized edema/hydrops cases. Structural anomalies with normal karyotype occurred in four (3.8%) additional cases. Miscarriage occurred in four cases (3.8%) and termination of pregnancy in 18 cases (17.3%). Among cases that reached the 11 to 13+6 weeks ultrasound, the edema resolved in 81.9% and these cases had less adverse outcomes than those with NT≥3.5 mm (10.9% vs 76.5%, P < .001).ConclusionsFetal edema in early pregnancy is associated with a high incidence of structural and/or chromosomal abnormalities; these rates increase with progressive severity.