bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential neuroprotective roles of olive leaf extract in an epilepsy rat model induced by kainic acid
Authors: Khamse Safoura , Haftcheshmeh Saeed Mohammadian , Sadr Seyed Shahabeddin , Roghani Mehrdad , Kamalinejad Mohammad , Moghaddam Parvane Mohseni , Golchoobian Ravieh , Ebrahimi Fatemeh 
Published: December 2020

Background and purpose:
Epilepsy is recognized as a chronic neurologic disease. Increasing evidence has addressed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles of olive leaf extract (OLE) in neurodegenerative diseases. So, the current study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective roles of OLE in epilepsy.

Experimental approach:
Forty rats were divided into 4 groups including a control group, sham group, kainic acid (KA) group, and KA + OLE group. KA (4 μg/rat) was injected intrahippocampal, and OLE (300 mg/kg) was orally administrated for 4 weeks. Animals were sacrificed, and their hippocampi were isolated. KA- induced seizure activity was recorded. Oxidative stress index was assessed by measuring its indicators including malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrite, nitrate, and glutathione (GSH) as well as the catalase (CAT) activity. The supernatant concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and the apoptosis rate in neurons were measured.

Findings/Results:
Treatment with OLE significantly reduced the seizure score. OLE decreased oxidative stress index by reducing the concentration of MDA, nitrite, and nitrate as well as increasing the level of GSH. OLE had a significant anti-apoptotic effect on neurons. However, CAT activity and the level of TNF-α were not affected.

Conclusion and implications:
Our findings indicated neuroprotective properties of OLE, which is mainly mediated by its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects, therefore, could be considered as a valuable therapeutic supplement for epilepsy.
Chitosan/tripolyphosphate nanoparticles in active and passive microchannels
Authors: Akbari Mona , Rahimi Zohreh , Rahimi Masoud 
Published: December 2020

Background and purpose:
In recent years, the interest in chitosan nanoparticles has increased due to their application, especially in drug delivery. The main aim of this work was to find a suitable method for simulating pharmaceutical nanoparticles with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and use it for understanding the process of nanoparticle formation in different types of microchannels.

Experimental approach:
Active and passive microchannels were compared to find the advantages and disadvantages of each system. Twenty-eight experiments were done on microchannels to quantify the effect of 4 parameters and their interactions on the size and polydispersity index (PDI) of nanoparticles. CFD was implemented by coupling reactive kinetics and the population balance method to simulate the synthesis of chitosan/tripolyphosphate nanoparticles in the microchannel.

Findings/Results:
The passive microchannel had the best performance for nanoparticle production. The most uniform microspheres and the narrowest standard deviation (124.3 nm, PDI = 0.112) were achieved using passive microchannel. Compared to the active microchannel, the size and PDI of the nanoparticles were 28.7% and 70.5% higher for active microchannels, and 55.43% and 105.3% higher for simple microchannels, respectively. Experimental results confirmed the validity of CFD modeling. The growth and nucleation rates were determined using the reaction equation of chitosan and tripolyphosphate.

Conclusion and implications:
CFD modeling by the proposed method can play an important role in the prediction of the size and PDI of chitosan/tripolyphosphate nanoparticles in the same condition and provide a new perspective for studying the production of nanoparticles by numerical methods.
Razvijanje ustnega izražanja in tipologija nalog v učbenikih za učenje španščine
Authors: Pavlič Ana 
Published: December 2020

Ustno izražanje v tujem jeziku velja za najtežje obvladljivo sporazumevalno zmožnost, zato smo raziskali tipologijo in številčnost nalog v učbenikih, ki se v slovenskem srednješolskem prostoru uporabljajo za poučevanje španščine. Primerjali smo učbenike osnovane na dveh različicah komunikacijskega pristopa in različnih ravneh, izhajajoč iz tipološko raznolikih nalog. V analizi smo poleg količine in tipologije nalog opazovali tudi stopnjo vodenosti posameznih nalog. Rezultati analize so pokazali, da ne prihaja do pomembnejših razlik glede na izbrani pristop, temveč glede na raven, in sicer pri nalogah, ki niso vodene, in pri delno vodenih nalogah.
Aktivno vključevanje učencev v učni proces in razvijanje ustnega izražanja sta značilnosti, ki prepletata vse analizirane učbenike, razlike (ki učiteljem nudijo možnost, da za svojo ciljno skupino in svoj slog poučevanja izberejo ustrezen učbenik) pa se nahajajo v deležu nalog ustnega izražanja, prevladujočih tipih nalog in dinamikah, ki so za uspešno izvedbo nalog potrebne. Prav raznolikost v tipologiji pri učencih spodbuja (ustno) jezikovno produkcijo.
Spodbujanje samostojne govorne produkcije učencev je prisotno že od začetne ravni in v obeh pristopih, saj je delež nalog, ki omogočajo le reprodukcijo, relativno majhen. V učbenikih so precej bolj poudarjeni dialog, komentarji, pogovori, skratka razvijanje samostojnih govorcev, opremljenih s strategijami in orodji za učinkovito, tekoče in natančno ustno izražanje.
Vsi analizirani učbeniki omogočajo ustrezno razvijanje govorne produkcije v španščini, saj (v primerjavi s številom nalog za druge jezikovne spretnosti) nudijo uravnotežen in tipološko raznovrsten nabor nalog.
Le tourbillon des sentiments amoureux dans la poésie de Marceline Desbordes-Valmore ou la poétisation d’une histoire amoureuse
Authors: Fuchs Godec Kim 
Published: December 2020

Oubliées à tort pendant plusieurs siècles, les femmes de lettres, dont Christine de Pisan, Louise Labé, Madelaine et Catherine des Roches, Marceline Desbordes-Valmore et beaucoup d’autres, prêtaient à maintes reprises leur plume prolixe au service des épanchements du cœur. La voix féminine de la poésie courtoise, Christine de Pisan, s’est inscrite dans l’histoire comme la première Française à avoir jamais vécu de ses écrits. D’origine vénitienne, elle s’est permis, à la fin du XIVe, début du XVe siècle, de célébrer le mariage et chanter, en son propre nom, l’amour pour son mari et le délice de la nuit de noces afin de montrer du doigt le concept erroné de l’amour courtois, vanté par les troubadours. Néanmoins, ce n’est qu’à la Renaissance que la scène littéraire assiste à « l’avènement » de la figure de la femme écrivaine/poétesse, incarnée par-dessus tout dans le personnage de Louise Labé, femme dotée de la liberté d’esprit, qui assumait pleinement sa féminité dans ses vers. À l’aube du XIXe siècle, le cercle s’agrandit avec Marceline Desbordes-Valmore, connue de nos jours comme prédécesseure de la poésie romantique.
Parámetros vocales para definir la severidad de una disfonía
Authors: Calvache-Mora Carlos Alberto 
Published: December 2020

Introducción: la severidad de una disfonía da cuenta del grado de alteración que tiene una voz en relación con todos los procesos fisiológicos involucrados con la producción del sonido. Es importante determinar el nivel de severidad a fin de establecer un programa con el conjunto de ejercicios que permitan una rehabilitación apropiada.
Objetivo: comprender si el comportamiento de los diferentes parámetros aerodinámicos, electroglotográficos, acústicos y de autorreporte vocal permite o no determinar la severidad de una disfonía.
Método: se evaluaron 55 sujetos con diferentes tipos de disfonía según parámetros aerodinámicos, electroglotográficos, acústicos y de autorreporte vocal. La muestra fue dividida en 3 grupos de acuerdo con el grado de gravedad de la patología. Se aplicó un análisis de varianza para comparar el comportamiento de las variables dependientes en relación con los niveles de severidad de la disfonía. Con el fin de determinar las diferencias entre estos niveles, se aplicó la prueba Post hoc (Tukey) a las variables significativas.
Resultados: es posible determinar el nivel de severidad de una disfonía a partir de parámetros acústicos como el CPP, HNR y el cociente de pendiente espectral 1/5-5/8Khz. También se puede hacer por medio de cuestionarios de autorreporte vocal como el VOISS, el VHI y el VTDS.
THE ARCHITECTURE OF MINSK MOSQUE, 1901
Authors: Tortsova Olga Yu. 
Published: December 2020

The architecture of the Minsk mosque built in 1901 is reviewed. This mosque became the first stone mosque built by the Lithuanian Tatars community and the first stone mosque in Belarus. The Minsk mosque was completely destroyed in the 1960s. Its appearance was reconstructed from surviving illustrations, photographs and materials of the Belarusian State Archive of Scientific and Technical Documentation. In addition to general description and analysis of the architecture of the mosque, the objective of the article is to establish a connection between the architecture of the Minsk mosque and the practice of standardized design of Muslim cult buildings in the Russian Empire.
Another objective is to publish information about the mosque that was previously unknown, in particular about the personality of the mosque architect Vladimir Solovyov. Using archival documents from Russia and Poland, the identity of the architect Solovyov was established and his creative biography retraced.
Editorial
Authors: Ambientales Equipo Editorial Revista Estudios 
Published: December 2020

Estimados colegas y lectores: la Revista Estudios Ambientales (REA) agradece los trabajos que se presentan en el presente número e invita a quienes deseen publicar sus artículos y comunicaciones nos los envíen a través del mail de contacto o desde la plataforma OJS de la revista.
El segundo número 2020 publica 5 trabajos orientados a investigar temas claves de interés internacional en la concientización ambiental: el conflicto socio-ambiental relacionado a la mega minería en particular el caso de la mina Veladero en San Juan; la aplicación de encuestas de percepción para evaluar el nivel de cultura ambiental en el ámbito universitario y de educación secundaria de Gran Buenos Aires; la gobernanza hídrica como un tema de interés y debate actual vinculado al acceso y control de los recursos naturales en especial en el caso del agua en Mexico; y finalmente la medición de emisiones de gases efecto invernadero (GEI) del transporte en una localidad intermedia de la provincia de Buenos Aires.
Aprovechamos a felicitar a autores, evaluadores y equipo editorial por garantizar la continuidad de la revista en un contexto como el que atravesamos en 2020. Esperamos que colegas y lectores otorguen relevancia a las producciones del presente número.
Augurando un mejor 2021 para nuestros colaboradores y lectores, los saludamos muy cordialmente.
Gobernanza de la sustentabilidad hídrica en la conciencia de escasez, desabastecimiento, insalubridad y carestía en México
Authors: Sandoval-Vázquez Francisco Rubén , Bustos-Aguayo José Marcos , Juárez-Nájera Margarita , Rivera-Varela Bertha Leticia , García-Lirios Cruz 
Published: December 2020

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue medir la conciencia de escasez, desabastecimiento, insalubridad y carestía por conflictos entre actores políticos y sociales en torno a los servicios hídricos. Se realizó un estudio transversal, correlacional y exploratorio con una muestra de 100 estudiantes de una universidad pública del centro de México. A partir de un modelo estructural se estableció la confiabilidad y la validez del instrumento, las relaciones teóricas entre los factores se ajustaron a los datos obtenidos, pero se discute si el tipo de estudio, selección muestral y análisis limitan los resultados al contexto, así como la posibilidad de incluir otras variables en el contraste del modelo propuesto.
Abstract
The objective of the present work was to measure the awareness of scarcity, shortage, unhealthiness and scarcity due to conflicts between political and social actors around water services. A cross-sectional, correlational and exploratory study was carried out with a sample of 100 students from a public university in central Mexico. From a structural model, the reliability and validity of the instrument were established, the theoretical relationships between the factors were adjusted to the data obtained, but it is discussed whether the type of study, sample selection and analysis limit the results to the context, as well as the possibility of including other variables in the contrast of the proposed model.
Validez y confiabilidad de la escala de actividad física para adultos con discapacidad física PASIPD-C
Authors: Castro jimenez Laura Elizabeth , Grillo Cardenas Angie Ivonne 
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Desarrollar adaptación transcultural y estimación de propiedades escalares (validez apariencia, confiabilidad -consistencia interna- y validez de constructo) de la Escala de Actividad Física para Discapacidad Física (PASIPD). Metodología: Investigación no-experimental observacional, descriptivo-correlacional. La muestra fue de 47 personas con edad promedio de 32.3±11.5 años; 51.1% mujeres vs 48.9% de hombres, de Bogotá, con condiciones crónicas de discapacidad física. Se revisó léxico y redacción de ítems de escala PASIPD adaptándolos a contexto colombiano. Se realizó validación de apariencia (validez facial), posteriormente se piloteó con 21 adultos en condición de discapacidad. Luego, se hizo aplicación de PASIPD-C en ligas y entidades promotoras de actividad física. Análisis se realizó con IBM-SPSS statistic 22. Resultados: No hubo diferencias significativas (p>.05) en el gasto metabólico estimado entre grupos etarios (F=.342; p=.795), discapacidad congénita vs adquirida (F=2.58; p=.115), tiempo de presentar discapacidad (F=2.702; p=.058) y uso de ayudas técnicas (F=.095; p=.910). Respecto a confiabilidad, Alpha de Cronbach de 0,721, consistencia interna alta. El análisis factorial de componentes principales arrojó una medida de Káiser-Meyer-Olkin de adecuación muestral de .56 que con la prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett significativa al dar una p <.001.
Abstract. Objective: To develop cross-cultural adaptation and estimation of scalar properties (appearance validity, reliability -internal consistency- and construct validity) of the Scale of Physical Activity for Physical Disability (PASIPD). Methodology: Non-experimental observational, descriptive-correlational research. The sample consisted of 47 people with an average age of 32.3 ± 11.5 years; 51.1% women vs 48.9% of men, from Bogotá, with chronic conditions of physical disability. The vocabulary and writing of the PASIPD scale items were revised, adapting them to the Colombian context. Appearance validation (facial validity) was performed, later it was piloted with 21 adults with disabilities. Then, PASIPD-C was applied in leagues and entities promoting physical activity. Analysis was performed with IBM-SPSS statistic 22. Results: There were no significant differences (p> .05) in the estimated metabolic output between age groups (F = .342; p = .795), congenital vs acquired disability (F = 2.58; p = .115), time to present disability (F = 2.702; p = .058) and use of technical aids (F = .095; p = .910). Regarding reliability, Cronbach's Alpha of 0.721, high internal consistency. The factor analysis of principal components yielded a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sample adequacy of .56, which with the Bartlett test of sphericity was significant by giving a p <.001.
ANALISIS COMPOUNDING DALAM NOVEL NEGERI LIMA MENARA KARYA AHMAD FUADI: KAJIAN MORFOLOGI
Authors: Afria Rengki , Izar Julisah , Rosanti Nurmala 
Published: December 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk compounding dalam novel Negeri Lima Menara karya Ahmad Fuadi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Data penelitian ini dalam bentuk kata dan frasa yang berkaitan dengan compounding. Metode pengumpulan data adalah metode simak dengan teknik mencatat. Analisis data menggunakan metode padan dengan teknik distribusi leksikal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa compounding pada novel Negeri Lima Menara karya Ahmad Fuadi memiliki kombinasi elemen dengan wujud kata benda (N) + kata benda (N); kata benda (N) + kata sifat (Adj) + kata benda (N); kata benda (N) + kata benda (N) + kata kata sifat (Adj); kata benda (N) + kata sifat (Adj) + kata sifat (Adj); kata benda (N) + kata kerja (V); kata kerja (V) + kata benda (N); kata benda (N) + kata sifat (Adj); kata sifat (Adj) + kata benda (N); kata benda (N) + kata keterangan (Adv); kata keterangan (Adv) + kata benda (N); kata keterangan (Adv) + kata sifat (Adj); kata kerja (V) + kata sifat (Adj); kata keterangan (Adv) + kata keterangan (Adv); kata sifat (Adj) + kata sifat (Adj). Selain itu, terdapat dua kategori compounding yaitu eksosentris dan endosentris.Kata kunci: compounding; morfologi; novel Abstract: This study aims to describe the form of compounding in Negeri Lima Menara novel by Ahmad Fuadi. This type of research was qualitative research with descriptive method. Data were words and phrases related to compounding. The data collection technique used was note-taking. Data were analysed by identity method. The results showed that compounding in Negeri Lima Menara novel by Ahmad Fuadi had a combination of elements with the form of the noun (N) + noun (N); nouns (N) + adjectives (Adj) + nouns (N); nouns (N) + nouns (N) + adjectives (Adj); nouns (N) + adjectives (Adj) + adjectives (Adj); nouns (N) + verbs (V); verb form (V) + noun (N); noun form (N) + adjective (Adj); adjective form (Adj) + noun (N); nouns (N) + adverbs (Adv); adverbs (Adv) + nouns (N); adverbs (Adv) + adjectives (Adj); verb (V) + adjective (Adj); adverbs (Adv) + adverbs (Adv); Adjective (Adj) + adjective (Adj). Furthermore, there were two category of compounding; exocentric and endocentric.Keywords: compounding; morfology; novel
KRISIS LINGKUNGAN DI KALIMANTAN DALAM KARYA PUISI KALIMANTAN RINDUKU YANG ABADI
Authors: Riana Derri Ris 
Published: December 2020

Abstrak: Persoalan krisis lingkungan di Kalimantan menarik minat pesyair untuk menyuarakannya. Kalimantan Rinduku yang Abadi menyoroti persoalan krisis lingkungan di Kalimantan. Masalah penelitian adalah apa saja wujud krisis lingkungan dan peran modernisasi dalam mendorong krisis lingkungan di Kalimantan dalam kumpulan puisi Kalimantan Rinduku yang Abadi. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan wujud krisis lingkungan dan peran modernisasi dalam mendorong krisis lingkungan di Kalimantan dalam kumpulan puisi Kalimantan Rinduku yang Abadi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode pustaka dan teknik catat. Teori ekokritik digunakan untuk menganalisis kedudukan manusia dan lingkungan. Data yang terkumpul diklasifikasikan dan dianalisis untuk menjawab masalah penelitian tentang krisis lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persoalan krisis lingkungan digambarkan dalam wujud: pencemaran sungai, kerusakan hutan, bencana alam, dan punahnya binatang khas Kalimantan. Krisis lingkungan tersebut didorong oleh adanya modernisasi yang mengeksploitasi alam secara berlebihan tanpa mempertimbangkan dampak ekologis.Kata Kunci: puisi, ekokritik, krisis lingkungan, Kalimantan Selatan Abstract: The issue of environmental crisis in Kalimantan has attracted poets to voice their criticisms. Kalimantan Rinduku yang Abadi focuses on the environmental crisis in Kalimantan. The problems are what are the types of environmental crisis and the role of modernization in driving the environmental crisis in Kalimantan Rinduku yang Abadi. The purposes are to describe the types of the environmental crisis and the role of modernization in driving the environmental crisis in Kalimantan in Kalimantan Rinduku yang Abadi. The data was collected using the library method and note taking technique. Ecocritic theory was used to analyze the position of humans and environment. The collected data were classified and analyzed to answer research problems related to environmental crisis. The results showed that the types of environmental crisis are river pollution, forest destruction, natural disasters, and the extinction of typical Kalimantan animals. The environmental crisis was driven by modernization which exploited nature excessively without considering the ecological impact.Keywords: poetry, ecocritics, environmental crisis, South Kalimantan
PRINSIP PENDIDIKAN NILAI TAFSIRAL-AZHAR
Authors: Syarif H Ahmad 
Published: December 2020

Pendidikan nilai yang lahir sebagai alat penyeimbang tiga ranah pendidikan, kognitif, psikomotorik dan afektif berusahamemberikan jawaban terhadap stigma negative masyarakat yang mengganggap system pendidikan dewasa ini telah gagal memikul peran sebagai ‘instrumen’ untuk mendewasakan manusia. Dengan konstruksi yang dimiliki oleh pendidikan nilai, diharapkan akan lahir manusia-manusia purnawan yang tidak hanya unggul di bidang intelektual, tapi juga unggul di ranah emosional dan spiritual. Al-Quran sebagai sumber utama ajaran islam, diyakini oleh para pemeluknya memliki petunjuk kehidupan yang sesuai untuk setiap tempat dan waktu dimana ia berada. Ia laksana gudang yang di dalam- nya tersimpan mutiara dan permata. Namun tidak setiap orang bisa memasuki gudang tersebut. Salah seorang putra terbaik bangsa, Hamka, telah berupaya memasuki gudang tersebut dan hasilnya melahirkan sebuah karya monumental berupa tafsir al-Azhar. Melalui kitab inilah kita akan melihat bagaimana prinsip pendidikan nilai buya Hamka. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan tafsir tematik atas tafsir al-Azhar, ditemukan bahwa prinsip-prinsip pendidikan nilai yang terdapat dalam tafsir al-Azhar dapat dilihat dalam tiga tema pokok, yaitu makna dan tujuan pendidikan, cara manusia memperoleh nilai, dan metode penyampaian nilai. Makna dan tujuan pendidikan nilai menurut Hamka adalah sebuah upaya yang dilakukan oleh peserta didik untuk membantu peserta didik agar bisa menjadi manusia yang purnawan, artinya manusia yang tidak hanya unggul secara intektual tetapi juga moral. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, manusia melalui akal atau panca indera dan hati atau perasaannya telah memiliki modal besar untuk bisa melakukan hal tersebut. Untuk mendapatkan nilai-nilai tersebut, nilai-nilai harus disampaikan. Cara penyampaian nilai tersebut menurut hamka adalah melalui pendekatan inculcation approach (penanaman nilai) dengan metode bercerita dan memberikan gambaran akan dampak positif dan negative dari nilai-nilai tersebut (penguatan positif dan negative)
Pedagogia e Infâncias: um estado de alerta
Authors: Rigolon Wilma 
Published: December 2020

A presente resenha tem por objetivo tecer comentários acerca do livro Pesquisas e Pedagogia: Educação para as diferenças, organizado por Alex Barreiro, Nélia Aparecida da Silva Cavalcante e Ana Lúcia Goulart de Faria. A obra apresenta catorze artigos de pesquisadores, pesquisadoras, professores e professoras que têm como objetivo evidenciar a premência de estudos no tocante à Educação Infantil, sobretudo no âmbito de uma educação de qualidade, respeitando as diversidades e que seja decolonial. A união de ciência e pesquisa é primordial para que as desigualdades presentes na realidade brasileira sejam ceifadas. Não se pode perder de vista que só com uma mudança radical no sistema educacional a Educação poderá cumprir de fato e de direito seu papel social.