bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autodelen in het Brussels Gewest
Authors: Wiegmann Mareile , Keserü Imre , Macharis Cathy 
Published: August 2020

Het doel van deze factsheet is om de punten van verschil en overeenkomst tussen de gebruikersprofielen van station-based en free-floating autodeeldiensten te belichten op basis van de analyse van een enquête bij 5 375 gebruikers van autodeeldiensten in Brussel. Uit de analyse blijkt dat bij free-floating autodelen meer gebruikers een eigen wagen bezitten en van het mannelijke geslacht zijn en dat ze iets jonger zijn. Beiden soorten van autodeeldiensten trekken hoogopgeleiden aan en worden ongeveer één tot drie keer per maand gebruikt. Alle twee de diensten worden duidelijk om verschillende redenen gebruikt, maar bij de gebruikers van free-floating autodelen zien we dat hun verplaatsingsredenen uiteenlopender zijn en dat meer van hen een eigen wagen bezit. Daarnaast verklaren de gebruikers dat ze minder vaak een privéwagen gebruiken sinds ze lid geworden zijn van een autodeeldienst. De impact op het openbaar vervoer blijft onduidelijk, hoewel de free-floating autodelers hun verplaatsingen met het openbaar vervoer deels hebben vervangen door autodelen.
B Cell αv Integrins Regulate TLR-Driven Autoimmunity
Authors: Acharya Mridu , Raso Fiona , Sagadiev Sara , Gilbertson Emily , Kadavy Lauren , Li Quan Z. , Yan Mei , Stuart Lynda M. , Hamerman Jessica A. , Lacy-Hulbert Adam 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is defined by loss of B cell tolerance, resulting in production of autoantibodies against nucleic acids and other cellular Ags. Aberrant activation of TLRs by self-derived RNA and DNA is strongly associated with SLE in patients and in mouse models, but the mechanism by which TLR signaling to self-ligands is regulated remains poorly understood. In this study, we show that αv integrin plays a critical role in regulating B cell TLR signaling to self-antigens in mice. We show that deletion of αv from B cells accelerates autoantibody production and autoimmune kidney disease in the Tlr7.1 transgenic mouse model of SLE. Increased autoimmunity was associated with specific expansion of transitional B cells, extrafollicular IgG2c-producing plasma cells, and activation of CD4 and CD8 T cells. Our data show that αv-mediated regulation of TLR signaling in B cells is critical for preventing autoimmunity and indicate that loss of αv promotes escape from tolerance. Thus, we identify a new regulatory pathway in autoimmunity and elucidate upstream signals that adjust B cell activation to prevent development of autoimmunity in a mouse model.
IL-33–Stimulated Murine Mast Cells Polarize Alternatively Activated Macrophages, Which Suppress T Cells That Mediate Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Finlay Conor M. , Cunningham Kyle T. , Doyle Benjamin , Mills Kingston H. G. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
IL-33 is known to promote type 2 immune responses through ST2, a component of the IL-33R complex, expressed primarily on mast cells, Th2 cells, group 2 innate lymphoid cells and regulatory T cells, and to a lesser extent, on NK cells and Th1 cells. Consistent with previous studies, we found that IL-33 polarized alternatively activated macrophages (AAMΦ) in vivo. However, in vitro stimulation of murine bone marrow–derived or peritoneal macrophages with IL-33 failed to promote arginase activity or expression of YM-1 or Retnla, markers of AAMΦ. Furthermore, macrophages have low/no basal expression of ST2. This suggested that alternative activation of macrophages may involve an IL-33–responsive third-party cell. Because mast cells have the highest expression of ST2 relative to other leukocytes, we focused on this cell type. Coculture experiments showed that IL-33–stimulated mast cells polarized AAMΦ through production of soluble factors. IL-33–stimulated mast cells produced a range of cytokines, including IL-6 and IL-13. Mast cell–derived IL-13 was required for induction of AAMΦ, whereas mast cell–derived IL-6 enhanced macrophage responsiveness to IL-13 via upregulation of the IL-4Rα receptor. Furthermore, we found that AAMΦ polarized by IL-33–stimulated mast cells could suppress proliferation and IL-17 and IFN-γ production by T cells. Finally, we show that AAMΦ polarized by IL-33–stimulated mast cells attenuated the encephalitogenic function of T cells in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model. Our findings reveal that IL-33 can promote immunosuppressive responses by polarizing AAMΦ via mast cell–derived IL-6 and IL-13.
Rekomendasi Pengadaan Obat dan Alat Kesehatan Dengan Fuzzy Database (Studi kasus: Instalasi Farmasi Klinik Utama Cideng Medical Center)
Authors: Adha Kamal Maulana , Widyastuti Susi 
Published: August 2020

Kemudahan dalan melakukan pencarian terhadap persediaan obat dan alat kesehatan untuk pengadaan yang sesuai standar persyaratan mutu pada Instalasi Farmasi merupaka salah satu faktor kunci dalam menunjang pelayanan apa lagi dalam pencarian tersebut dapat direpresentasikan kedalam bahasa sehari-hari semisal: mahal, hampir habis, ataupun banyak oleh karena itu perlu adanya teknik informasi untuk mewujudkannya karena hingga saat ini belum ada suatu penerapan metode untuk permasalahn tersebut terutama di Instalasi Klinik Utama Cideng Medical Center.
Metode Fuzzy Database yaitu, suatu sistem basis data yang menggunakan teori himpunan fuzzy ke dalam Databases untuk menghasilkan informasi, dengan demikian pencarian persediaan obat dan alat kesehatan di Database dapat direpresentasikan kedalam bahasa sehari-hari.Maka Fuzzy Database sangat sesuai untuk di terapkan dalam Database pencarian obat dan alkes sebagai rekomendasi pengadaan di Insatalasi Farmasi Klinik Utama Cideng Medical Center, karena pencarian obat dan alat kesehatan itu begitu kompleks, akan sangat mudah apabila bisa dikomunikasikan dalam keseharian kita.
The value of remote marine aerosol measurements for constraining radiative forcing uncertainty
Authors: Regayre Leighton A. , Schmale Julia , Johnson Jill S. , Tatzelt Christian , Baccarini Andrea , Henning Silvia , Yoshioka Masaru , Stratmann Frank , Gysel-Beer Martin , Grosvenor Daniel P. , Carslaw Ken S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Aerosol measurements over the Southern Ocean are used to constrain
aerosol–cloud interaction radiative forcing (RFaci) uncertainty in a global climate model. Forcing uncertainty is quantified using 1 million climate model variants that sample the uncertainty in nearly 30 model parameters. Measurements of cloud condensation nuclei and other aerosol properties from an Antarctic circumnavigation expedition strongly constrain natural aerosol emissions: default sea spray emissions need to be increased by around a factor of 3 to be consistent with measurements. Forcing uncertainty is reduced by around 7 % using this set of several hundred measurements, which is comparable to the 8 % reduction achieved using a diverse and extensive set of over 9000 predominantly Northern Hemisphere measurements. When Southern Ocean and Northern Hemisphere measurements are combined, uncertainty in RFaci is reduced by 21 %, and the strongest 20 % of forcing values are ruled out as implausible. In this combined constraint, observationally plausible RFaci is around 0.17 W m−2 weaker (less negative) with 95 % credible values ranging from −2.51 to
−1.17 W m−2 (standard deviation of −2.18 to −1.46 W m−2). The Southern Ocean and Northern Hemisphere measurement datasets are complementary because they constrain different processes. These results
highlight the value of remote marine aerosol measurements.
A field-validated surrogate crop model for predicting root-zone moisture and salt content in regions with shallow groundwater
Authors: Liu Zhongyi , Huo Zailin , Wang Chaozi , Zhang Limin , Wang Xianghao , Huang Guanhua , Xu Xu , Steenhuis Tammo Siert 
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Optimum management of irrigated crops in regions with shallow saline
groundwater requires a careful balance between application of irrigation
water and upward movement of salinity from the groundwater. Few
field-validated surrogate models are available to aid in the management of
irrigation water under shallow groundwater conditions. The objective of
this research is to develop a model that can aid in the management using a
minimum of input data that are field validated. In this paper a 2-year
field experiment was carried out in the Hetao irrigation district in Inner
Mongolia, China, and a physically based integrated surrogate model for arid
irrigated areas with shallow groundwater was developed and validated with
the collected field data. The integrated model that links crop growth with
available water and salinity in the vadose zone is called Evaluation of the
Performance of Irrigated Crops and Soils (EPICS). EPICS recognizes that
field capacity is reached when the matric potential is equal to the height
above the groundwater table and thus not by a limiting hydraulic
conductivity. In the field experiment, soil moisture contents and soil salt
conductivity at five depths in the top 100 cm, groundwater depth, crop
height, and leaf area index were measured in 2017 and 2018. The field
results were used for calibration and validation of EPICS. Simulated and
observed data fitted generally well during both calibration and validation.
The EPICS model that can predict crop growth, soil water, groundwater
depth, and soil salinity can aid in optimizing water management in
irrigation districts with shallow aquifers.
Bespreking van: Peter van der Knaap, Valérie Pattyn & Dick Hanemaayer, Beleidsevaluatie in theorie en praktijk, Den Haag: Boom bestuurskunde 2020
Authors: Fledderus Joost 
Published: August 2020

Bespreking van: Peter van der Knaap, Valérie Pattyn & Dick Hanemaayer, Beleidsevaluatie in theorie en praktijk, Den Haag: Boom bestuurskunde 2020
In maart 2020 verscheen het boek Beleidsevaluatie in theorie en praktijk van Peter van der Knaap, Valérie Pattyn en Dick Hanemaayer. Joost Fledderus bespreekt de inhoud van het boek en geeft aan welke meerwaarde het biedt voor (aankomende) beleidsonderzoekers.
Regional Differentiation in Europe, between EU Proposals and National Reforms
Authors: Saputelli Gabriella 
Published: August 2020

Regional Differentiation in Europe, between EU Proposals and National Reforms
Regions and local governments play a very important role in the application of European law and in the implementation of European policies. The economic crisis of 2008 has accentuated territorial and social differentiation and highlighted the negative effects of globalization. This circumstance has created resentment among peripheral and marginal communities in the electoral results, but also a strong request for involvement, participation and sometimes independence from territories. These developments raise new questions about the relationship between the EU and the Regions and, more widely, about the role of subnational entities in the EU integration process, as they are the institutions nearest to citizens.The aim of this article is to contribute to that debate by exploring the following research question: ‘is subnational differentiation positive or negative for European integration?’ Towards a possible answer, two perspectives are examined from a constitutional law approach. From the top down, it examines the attitude of the EU towards regional differentiation, from the origins of the EU integration process and its development until recent initiatives and proposals. From the bottom up, it analyses the role of subnational entities by presenting the Italian experience, through the reforms that have been approved over the years until the recent proposal for asymmetric regionalism. The aim is to understand whether regional differentiation still represents a positive element for the European integration process, considering the role that subnational entities play in many policies and the challenges described earlier.
Comparison of serum exosome isolation methods on co-precipitated free microRNAs
Authors: Cheng Yirui , Qu Xiangyun , Dong Zhaonan , Zeng Qingyu , Ma Xueqing , Jia Yunli , Li Ruochen , Jiang Xiaoxu , Williams Cecilia , Wang Tao , Xia Weiliang 
Published: August 2020

Background
Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles containing different biomolecules such as proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) that mediate intercellular communication. Recently, numerous studies have reported the important functions of exosomal miRNAs in disease development and the potential clinical application as diagnostic biomarkers. Up to now, the most commonly used methods to extract exosomes are ultracentrifugation (UC) and precipitation-based commercial kit (e.g., ExoQuick). Generally, both UC and ExoQuick method could co-isolate contaminating proteins along with exosomes, with the UC method yielding even purer exosomes than ExoQuick. However, the comparison of these two methods on co-precipitated free miRNAs is still unknown.

Methods
In this study, we isolated exosomes from the human serum with exogenously added cel-miR-39 by UC and ExoQuick and compared the proportion of cel-miR-39 co-precipitated with exosomes extracted by these two methods.

Results
Using exogenous cel-miR-39 as free miRNAs in serum, we concluded that ExoQuick co-isolates a small proportion of free miRNAs while UC hardly precipitates any free miRNAs. We also found that incubation at 37 °C for 1 h could decrease the proportion of free miRNAs, and exosomal miRNAs like miR-126 and miR-152 also decreased when RNase A was used. In conclusion, our findings provide essential information about the details of serum exosome isolation methods for further research on exosomal miRNAs.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among Dentists towards Oral Herpetic Infections
Authors: Ahamed A. Ashik , Ganapathy Dhanraj , Subhashree R. , Rakshagan V. 
Published: August 2020

During the course of the oral examination or during procedures, dentists, auxiliaries, and other healthcare personnel have an increased chance of getting exposed to various pathogens. There were about 80 known herpes viruses, and in that at least eight of them are known to cause infections in humans. Herpes labialis also known as cold sores is the most common orofacial form of recurrent HSV infection. The dentist should have a clear knowledge of herpetic infections because they are frequently exposed to patients who suffer from HSV infections. A close-ended questionnaire comprising 10 questions regarding encompassing major aspects of herpetic infections were prepared and distributed among dentists through an online survey. Data were tabulated and analyzed by computing the percentage response for each question. Proper awareness should be created among dentists for treating patients in their clinical practice. From this survey, it can be concluded that the majority of dental practitioners were aware of oral herpetic infections.
Commissioning of a motion management system for a 1.5T Elekta Unity MR‐Linac: A single institution experience
Authors: Smith Blake R , St‐Aubin Joel , Hyer Daniel E. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeThis work describes a single institution experience of commissioning a real‐time target tracking and beam control system, known as comprehensive motion management, for a 1.5 T Elekta MR‐Linac.MethodsAnatomical tracking and radiation beam control were tested using the MRI4D Quasar motion phantom. Multiple respiratory breathing traces were modeled across a range of realistic regular and irregular breathing patterns ranging between 10 and 18 breaths per minute. Each of the breathing traces was used to characterize the anatomical position monitoring (APM) accuracy, and beam latency, and to quantify the dosimetric impact of both parameters during a respiratory‐gated delivery using EBT3 film dosimetry. Additional commissioning tasks were performed to verify the dosimetric constancy during beam gating and to expand our existing quality assurance program.ResultsIt was determined that APM correctly predicted the 3D position of a dynamically moving tracking target to within 1.5 mm for 95% of the imaging frames with no deviation exceeding 2 mm. Among the breathing traces investigated, the mean latency ranged between −21.7 and 7.9 ms with 95% of all observed latencies within 188.3 ms. No discernable differences were observed in the relative profiles or cumulative output for a gated beam relative to an ungated beam with minimal dosimetric impact observed due to system latency. Measured dose profiles for all gated scenarios retained a gamma pass rate of 97% or higher for a 3%/2 mm criteria relative to a theoretical gated dose profile without latency or tracking inaccuracies.ConclusionMRI‐guided target tracking and automated beam delivery control were successfully commissioned for the Elekta Unity MR‐Linac. These gating features were shown to be highly accurate with an effectively small beam latency for a range of regular and irregular respiratory breathing traces.
Interlayer Assembly of Thin‐Film Composite Membranes With Ultra‐Interfacial Adhesion
Authors: Sang Chao , Zhang Siyuan , Li Geng , Wu Hanzhu , Pang Siyu , Zhuang Yan , Wang Lankun , Dong Shilong , Yao Songyuan , Lu Lu , Si Zhihao , Cao Peng‐Fei , Qin Peiyong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThin‐film composite (TFC) membranes are considered as an effective architecture to achieve selective separation for various application scenarios. However, most polymeric separation layers are in physically contacted with an underlying porous substrate, where the physical exfoliation or over‐swelling of the selective layer severely shortens the usage lifespan. In this work, a novel interlayer assembly design is proposed to realize a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) TFC membrane with ultra‐interfacial adhesion via the UV‐triggered covalent attachment. Especially, by overcoming the chemical inertness of PVDF, the synthetic methacrylate‐functionalized PVDF substrate is rapidly copolymerized with the methacrylate‐functionalized PDMS layer. It shows that the critical load for selective layer failure is 56.92 mN with applied nano‐scratch, 59% higher than the pristine one and also being the highest interfacial strength among the reported state‐of‐the‐art ones. The resulting membrane also shows an excellent pervaporation performance for phenol than the pristine one, and a stable running with an average separation factor of 7.3 and membrane flux of 3142 g m−2 h−1 under extreme conditions (e.g., high phenol concentration of 20 wt.% and high temperature of 80 °C). This interlayer chemically bonded design principle provides a scalable approach to develop ultra‐stable and efficient‐separation TFC membranes adaptable to various separation purposes.
Quantum Light Generation with Ultra‐High Spatial Resolution in 2D Semiconductors via Ultra‐Low Energy Electron Irradiation
Authors: Dash Ajit Kumar , Yadav Sharad Kumar , Roux Sebastien , Singh Manavendra Pratap , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Naik Akshay , Robert Cedric , Marie Xavier , Singh Akshay 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSingle photon emitters (SPEs) are building blocks of quantum technologies. Defect engineering of two‐dimensional (2D) materials is ideal to fabricate SPEs, wherein spatially deterministic and quality‐preserving fabrication methods are critical for integration into quantum devices and cavities. Existing methods use combination of strain and electron irradiation, or ion irradiation, which make fabrication complex, and limited by surrounding lattice damage. Here, only ultra‐low energy electron beam (e‐beam) irradiation (5 keV) is utilized to create dilute defect density in hBN‐encapsulated monolayer MoS2, with ultra‐high spatial resolution (<50 nm, extendable to 10 nm). Cryogenic photoluminescence spectra exhibit sharp defect peaks, following power‐law for finite density of single defects, and characteristic Zeeman splitting for MoS2 defect complexes. The sharp peaks have low spectral jitter (<200 µeV), and are tunable with gate‐voltage and e‐beam energy. Use of low‐momentum electron irradiation, ease of processing, and high spatial resolution, will disrupt deterministic creation of high‐quality SPEs.
Synergizing Radiation Regulation and Cross‐Band Stealth with Passive Folded Metasurfaces
Authors: Wang Zanyang , Song Lu , Zhang Xuchun , Wang Xin , Wang Zuojia , Chen Hongsheng , Li Min , Liao Dashuang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRadiation‐stealth integration, merging radiation regulation and scattering suppression into a unified framework, is essential for advanced radar communications and stealth technology. However, current state‐of‐the‐art solutions that simultaneously modulate radiation and stealth characteristics encounter two main challenges: limited scalability due to high energy demands from active components, and constrained stealth bandwidth stemming from the inherent incompatibility between radiation and scattering. Here, passive folded metasurfaces (PFM) that integrate radiation regulation with stealth capabilities, eliminating the necessity for active components while achieving both in‐ and off‐band stealth, referred to as cross‐band stealth, are proposed. The PFM employs a hybrid architecture, cascading a quad‐focal asymmetric metasurface (QFAM) and a polarization‐conversion meta‐mirror (PCM) incorporated with patterned feed arrays. The QFAM leverages local quad‐focal phases and polarization selectivity to regulate radiation modes generated by encoded‐excited feeds, enabling efficient beamforming reconfiguration without active components. Furthermore, the synergy between the QFAM and PCM dissipates in‐band impinging waves through internal reflections and absorptions, while off‐band waves undergo destructive interference enabled by checkboard‐patterned modulators atop the QFAM, achieving cross‐band stealth. To validate the capabilities of the proposed PFM, a prototype is fabricated and its versatile radiation‐stealth functionalities, including 1D narrow‐ and wide‐beam scanning, 2D beamforming, and cross‐band stealth, are experimentally demonstrated.
Ultra‐High Freshwater Production Via Coupling Photo‐/Electro‐Thermal Self‐Heating and Self‐Insulating Janus Membrane
Authors: Dong Chuanshuai , Lin Weiquan , Li Zipai , Chen Lei , Tang Zhixian , Lu Fenglian , Qi Ronghui , Lu Lin , Zhang Lizhi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThermally driven membrane distillation (TDMD) has emerged as a promising seawater desalination technology to address the freshwater shortage and energy crisis. However, the conventional “bulk‐heating” technologies results in serious temperature polarization phenomenon, hindering efficient utilization of the energy. Here, an innovative hydroxylated CNTs‐engineered polyvinylidene fluoride (H‐CNT@PVDF) membrane is proposed which imparts an efficient, localized photo‐/electro‐thermal self‐heating effect. To prevent the heat loss from the self‐heating layer to bulk water, a transparent silica aerogel microspheres (SAM) layer is deposited on the H‐CNT layer, achieving excellent self‐insulating effect. The innovative SAM@H‐CNT@PVDF Janus membrane achieves a 486% increase in MD flux compared with the conventional membrane. Although SAM layer only account for 3.8% of the membrane, the thermal resistance increases, unexpectedly, by more than 600%, which allows most of the heat to be concentrated at the H‐CNT layer and used for seawater evaporation. The overall energy‐to‐water efficiency reach 94.5%, outperforming state‐of‐the‐art MD devices. Additionally, the SAM layer demonstrates excellent anti‐electrooxidation effect with the current degradation decreasing from 75.6% to 21.1%, ensuring long‐term working for the membrane. The membrane represents a significant advancement in MD technology and holds substantial promise for ultra‐low energy seawater desalination, offering a promising solution to water‐energy nexus.