bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estrategias de aprendizaje, motivación y rendimiento académico en alumnos universitarios
Authors: Martínez J. Reynaldo , Galán Ferrán 
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEn el presente trabajo se estima la consistencia interna del MSLQ (autoreporte de estrategias de aprendizaje y motivación) en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de Pedagogía de la Universidad de Barcelona y la correlación entre las estrategias autorreportadas y la calificación definitiva en una asignatura específica. Participan 182 estudiantes de 1er. curso de Pedagogía, la mayoría de sexo femenino (88%) y con una edad promedio de 19,63 años. Para el área de motivación (alpha = .65), un análisis factorial confirmatorio determina que las subescalas de: valor de la tarea, autoeficacia, orientación extrínseca, ansiedad y control de creencias son consistentes para su constructo. En cuanto a las estrategias de aprendizaje (alpha = .73), destacan las subescalas de: elaboración, organización, tiempo y ambiente de estudio, y autorregulación. En relación con la calificación definitiva no se evidencia relación significativa entre esta y las creencias del sujeto sobre su motivación y sus estrategias de aprendizaje. El hecho de no hallar relación lineal entre las estrategias autoreportadas por el alumno y su calificación definitiva en la asignatura, puede estar explicado por: (1) deficiencias en la práctica instruccional, (2) deficiencias en la evaluación final de la asignatura (tipo test de selección múltiple), y/o (3) problemas de validez externa del MSLQ en esta muestra de universitarios españoles. Se discuten estas posibles explicaciones.ABSTRACTIn this study the main purpose was to estimate the internal consistency of the MSLQ (Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire) and to estimate the correlation between the academic performance, cognitive and motivational strategies. Participants were 182 undergarduates (88 % female) in a pedagogy program at the University of Barcelona. Data analysis consisted in the use of descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation and factor analysis. The results suggest that in the motivation scale (alpha = .65), intrinsic goal orientation, task value, selfefficacy and control beliefs have strong consistency. In the learning strategies section (alpha = .73) four subscales are consistent: elaboration, critical thinking, regulational, and time and study enviroment. The subscales showed no significant correlations with final grades and we believe that this lack of correlation is due to: (1) deficiences in teaching practice, (2) deficiences in evaluation performance, (3) a possible lack of cross cultural validity of the MSLQ.
El test de intereses profesionales. Un instrumento de diagnóstico breve y estandarizado para su uso en Orientación Educativa y profesional
Authors: Athanasou James A 
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEn este artículo se describe el Career Interest Test (Test de Intereses Profesionales, Versión 3.0), que evalúa 7 categorías de intereses vocacionales: Exterior, Práctico, Científico, Creativo, Negocios, Administrativo y Contacto con Gente. Está compuesto por 63 items de elección obligatoria, y puede administrarse de forma individual o grupal. Su finalidad es la de proporcionar un instrumento práctico que sirva de guía para la planificación de la carrera de adolescentes, complementándose con otros instrumentos y técnicas de orientación educativa y profesional. El Career Interest Test está disponible de forma gratuita para su uso profesional (para aplicaciones a pequeña escala), y también se puede acceder al mismo a través de las siguientes direcciones: www.myfuture.edu.au, www.qualifax.ie o www.smartfutire.edu.au (en inglés, también ha sido traducido para el Medio Oriente y Asia del Sur). La elaboración de este instrumento de diagnóstico formaba parte de un proyecto de investigación longitudinal (Athanasou, 1986, 1990, 2003), que ha culminado con su publicación en el dominio público, además de los resultados obtenidos con la muestra participante.ABSTRACTThis article describes the Career Interest Test (Version 3.0), which is a 63-item forced choice, individually- or group-administered assessment of seven vocational interest categories: Outdoor, Practical, Scientific, Creative, Business, Office and People Contact interests It is designed for use in educational and vocational contexts as a practical guide to adolescent career planning. The Career Interest Test is now made freely available for professional use and is also available for free on-line use th- rough www.myfuture.edu.au or www.qualifax ie or www.smartfutire.edu.au The Career Interest Test offers psychologists and career counsellors information at low cost and with brief testing time. Results can be used to provide reassurance about choices, to narrow the range of options or to stimulate career exploration by indicating the types of work that individuals may want to explore It is based on the premise that vocational interests (ie, activity preferences) may be inferred from consistent pat- terns of likes and dislikes. Technical data on the validity and reliability of the responses are provided.
Gestión y desarrollo de planes de acción tutorial en la universidad. Estudios de casos
Authors: Venegas - Ramos Luis , Gairín Sallán Joaquín 
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEl objetivo del estudio es analizar experiencias consolidadas de Planes de Acción Tutorial (PAT) con el fin generar referencias para la construcción y mejora de modelos de intervención sobre tutoría universitaria.La investigación parte del análisis de 16 planes tutoriales de 14 universidades y se profundiza en un estudio de casos múltiples de seis universidades españolas, específicamente de las Comunidades Autónomas de Cataluña, Valencia, Aragón y País Vasco, donde se desarrollaron entrevistas convergentes en profundidad. Los datos fueron procesados mediante la herramienta informática Max QDA, que permitió generar 418 unidades de significado, divididas en 8 categorías de análisis que se asocian al desarrollo y gestión de los PAT.Los resultados indican que la cultura universitaria, el rol de las autoridades y los modelos de orientación educativa y de estructura organizativa que adoptan las instituciones analizadas para dar soporte al proceso de acción tutorial, ayudan o interfieren en el desarrollo e impacto de los PAT, lo que evidencia la necesidad de repensar la forma como se gestiona la tutoría universitaria en la enseñanza superior. También evidencia la existencia de sistemas de funcionamiento piramidales y colaborativos, y una combinación de los modelos clínico, de programas y de servicios que aparecen con más fuerza en función del tipo de articulación que se considera en el PAT.ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to analyze successful Tutorial Action Plans (TAP) from different institutions, and to generate a reference framework for the creation of a management model for university tutoring.The research was based on case studies from six universities in northeastern Spain, specifically from the Autonomous Communities of Catalonia, Valencia, Aragon and Basque Country, where in-depth interviews were conducted. A qualitative approach was used and the obtained data was processed using the text analysis software Max QDA. This analysis yielded 418 units of meaning, divided into 8 different categories of analyses that were associated with development and management of TAPs.The results from the generated reference framework showed that, the development and impact of TAPs in the analyzed institutions is either positively or negatively affected by: their culture, the role of their authorities, the educational counseling models and the organizational structure that they adopt to support the process of tutorial action. These findings suggest the need of a re-evaluation of the management methods used on university tutoring. The evidence also indicates the existence of pyramidal and collaborative functioning systems, and a combination of clinical models, programs and services that appear more strongly depending on the type of articulation considered in the TAP.
Práticas sexuais e o comportamento de jovens universitários frente à prevenção de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.
Authors: Spindola Thelma , De Barro de Araujo Agatha Soares , De Jesus Brochado Erica , Fernanda Sousa Marinho Débora , Rose Costa Martins Elizabeth , Da Silva Pereira Thaissa 
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Analizar las prácticas sexuales y el comportamiento de jóvenes universitarios frente a las Infecciones Sexualmente Transmisibles. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, transversal, en abordaje cuantitativo realizado en una universidad privada en Río de Janeiro. Participaron 768 estudiantes, con edades entre 18 y 29 años, regularmente matriculados. Resultados: Los universitarios son solteros (58,72%), heterosexuales (85,80%) y sexualmente activos (85,16%); iniciaron actividades sexuales en el grupo de edad de 12-17 años (76,9%); el 77,83% relató tener una alianza fija y de esos 54,62% no utilizan preservativo; 50,31% informaron una multiplicidad de asociaciones sexuales, y el 62,84% no usa el preservativo en todas las relaciones sexuales. Los estudiantes informaron consumir alcohol (66,41%), siendo uso esporádico (50,39%), sin embargo, añaden que no tomaron antes de la última relación sexual (69,42%). En cuanto a los cuidados con la salud, el 57,81% buscó atención en los últimos 12 meses, siendo informada por 4,82% jóvenes la ocurrencia de infecciones sexualmente transmisibles. Conclusión: La asunción del comportamiento de riesgo por los jóvenes los hace vulnerables a las IST. Las acciones de educación en salud y estímulo para el autocuidado del grupo son relevantes para reducir perjuicios a la salud sexual de ese contingente poblacional.
Objective: To analyze the sexual practices and the behavior of university students regarding Sexually Transmitted Infections. Methodology: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study conducted at a private university in Rio de Janeiro. A total of 768 students, aged 18 to 29 years, and regularly enrolled in the institution participated in the study. Results: University students were mostly single (58.72%), heterosexual (85.80%), sexually active (85.16%), had initiated sexual life in the age group of 12-17 years (76.9%), reported having a steady partnership (77.83%), did not use condoms (54.62%), reported multiplicity of sexual partners (50.31%), and did not use condoms in all sexual intercourses (62.84%). The students reported using alcohol (66.41%), although sporadically (50.39%), but they had not used before the last sexual intercourse (69.42%). Regarding health care, 57.81% sought care in the last 12 months, and the occurrence of sexually transmitted infections was reported by 4.82% of them. Conclusion: The adoption of risky behaviors by young people makes them vulnerable to STIs. Health education actions and encouragement of self-care are relevant to reduce the sexual health problems of this population contingent
Síndrome de burnout en el Sistema de Salud: el caso de las trabajadoras sociales sanitarias
Authors: González-Rodríguez Rubén , López-Castedo Antonio , Pastor-Seller Enrique , Verde-Diego Carmen 
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: El objetivo general de esta investigación es medir la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout en el colectivo profesional de trabajadoras sociales sanitarias que ejercen su actividad laboral en los diferentes servicios y centros del Servicio Público de Salud de Galicia (España).Método: Se ha planteado un diseño de enfoque cuantitativo-analítico y transversal, utilizando como instrumento principal el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory, versión Human Services Suvey. Dicho cuestionario mide tres dimensiones relacionadas con el burnout: Agotamiento emocional, Despersonalización y Realización personal. La recogida de datos se realizó a través de una aplicación de encuestas entre las trabajadoras sociales colegiadas en el Colegio Oficial de Trabajo Social de Galicia.Resultados: El 86,2% de la población objeto de estudio son mujeres y un 13,8% hombres, y sus edades están comprendidas entre los 23 y los 63 años. Los datos de prevalencia del estudio arrojan unos resultados elevados, especialmente en la dimensión de Agotamiento Emocional donde más de la mitad de la población objeto de estudio presenta una puntuación considerada alta.Conclusión: Al igual que otros colectivos profesionales que ejercen su actividad laboral en el sistema de salud, como es el caso de Enfermería y Medicina, las trabajadoras sociales sanitarias presentan índices elevados de burnout, siendo el Agotamiento Emocional la dimensión más afectada.
Objective: The general goal of this research is to measure the prevalence of the burnout syndrome in the professional group of social health workers who perform their work in the diverse services and centers of the Public Health Service of Galicia (Spain).Method: A quantitative-analytical and cross-sectional design was proposed, using as the main instrument the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Human Services Survey version. This inventory measures three dimensions related to burnout: Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Fulfillment. Data collection was carried out through a survey among the social workers registered in the Official Association of Social Work of Galicia.Results: 86.2% of the population under study are women and 13.8% are men; their ages range between 23 and 63 years. The study prevalence data yields high scores, especially in the Emotional Exhaustion dimension, where more than half of the population under study obtained a high score.Conclusion: Like other professional groups that perform their work in the health system, as is the case of Nursing and Medicine, social health workers present high rates of burnout, with Emotional Exhaustion being the most affected dimension.
Depressão e ideação suicida na adolescência: implementação e avaliação de um programa de intervenção
Authors: Amaral Ana Paula , Uchoa Sampaio Josiane , Ney Matos Fátima Regina , Pocinho Margarida Tenente Santos , Fernandes de Mesquita Rafael , Sousa Laelson Rochelle Milanês 
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Desarrollar, implementar y evaluar un programa de prevención del suicidio dirigido a adolescentes.Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cuasi experimental, del tipo antes y después, con adolescentes de una institución educativa en São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil. El estudio siguió las etapas de desarrollo, implementación y evaluación de un programa de intervención para la prevención del suicidio. Se administraron tres instrumentos de evaluación antes y después de la intervención: la escala de ideación suicida de Beck; el Inventario de Depresión de Beck y la Escala de Desesperanza de Beck.Resultados: Antes de la intervención, participaron 102 adolescentes, 30 (29.4%) tenían ideación suicida y síntomas depresivos. Después de la intervención, los instrumentos se aplicaron a los 30 adolescentes seleccionados, 12 (40.0%) continuaron con la ideación. Antes de la intervención, el Inventario de depresión promedio fue de 23.83 y luego de 7.17 (p <0.0001). En cuanto a la desesperanza, el promedio obtenido antes fue 7.23 y luego 2.17 (p <0.0001); Con respecto a la ideación suicida, el promedio obtenido antes fue de 10.50 y luego de 2.57 (p <0.0001).Conclusión: Hubo una disminución en los síntomas depresivos, la desesperanza y la ideación suicida después de la implementación del elaborado programa de intervención.
Objective: To develop, implement and evaluate a suicide prevention program aimed at adolescents.Material and Methods: A quasi-experimental study, before and after, with adolescents from an educational institution in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. The study followed the stages of development, implementation and evaluation of a suicide prevention intervention program. Three assessment instruments were administered before and after the intervention: Beck's Suicidal Ideation Scale; Beck's Depression Inventory and Beck's Hopelessness Scale. Results: Before the intervention, 102 adolescents participated, 30 (29.4%) had suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms. After the intervention the instruments were applied to the 30 selected adolescents, 12 (40.0%) continued with ideation. Prior to intervention, the average Depression Inventory was 23.83 and then 7.17 (p <0.0001). As for hopelessness, the average obtained before was 7.23 and then 2.17 (p <0.0001); Regarding suicidal ideation, the average obtained before was 10.50 and then 2.57 (p <0.0001). Conclusion: There was a decrease in depressive symptoms, hopelessness and suicidal ideation after the implementation of the elaborated intervention program.
Advanced Electrocatalysis for Energy and Environmental Sustainability via Water and Nitrogen Reactions
Authors: Li Yi , Wang Huanhuan , Priest Cameron , Li Siwei , Xu Ping , Wu Gang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractClean and efficient energy storage and conversion via sustainable water and nitrogen reactions have attracted substantial attention to address the energy and environmental issues due to the overwhelming use of fossil fuels. These electrochemical reactions are crucial for desirable clean energy technologies, including advanced water electrolyzers, hydrogen fuel cells, and ammonia electrosynthesis and utilization. Their sluggish reaction kinetics lead to inefficient energy conversion. Innovative electrocatalysis, i.e., catalysis at the interface between the electrode and electrolyte to facilitate charge transfer and mass transport, plays a vital role in boosting energy conversion efficiency and providing sufficient performance and durability for these energy technologies. Herein, a comprehensive review on recent progress, achievements, and remaining challenges for these electrocatalysis processes related to water (i.e., oxygen evolution reaction, OER, and oxygen reduction reaction, ORR) and nitrogen (i.e., nitrogen reduction reaction, NRR, for ammonia synthesis and ammonia oxidation reaction, AOR, for energy utilization) is provided. Catalysts, electrolytes, and interfaces between the two within electrodes for these electrocatalysis processes are discussed. The primary emphasis is device performance of OER‐related proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers, ORR‐related PEM fuel cells, NRR‐driven ammonia electrosynthesis from water and nitrogen, and AOR‐related direct ammonia fuel cells.
Capture rate of congenital heart defects in the Pediatric Health Information System database
Authors: Fink Christina M. , Cua Clifford L. , Nandi Deipanjan , Hart Stephen A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionCongenital heart defects (CHD) are common and are a frequent subject of research using large administrative databases such as the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database. The capture rate of CHD within PHIS, however, has not been described.MethodsThe PHIS database includes inpatient encounters from over 52 tertiary care pediatric hospitals across the United States. We identified all patients less than 1 year of age with a cardiac defect in PHIS from 2010 to 2014 and compared these results with national prevalence estimates based on the National Birth Defects Prevention Network annual report, which served as the gold standard.ResultsThe capture rate of CHD in PHIS ranged from 30 to 95% depending on the spectrum of severity and heterogeneity of the cardiac defect. The capture rate was higher for critical CHD (CCHD) at 66%, and all lesions with 70% or greater capture rate (interrupted aortic arch, truncus arteriosus, single ventricle, total anomalous pulmonary venous return, double outlet right ventricle, and hypoplastic left heart syndrome) fell within the CCHD category.ConclusionsJust over half of the predicted CHD patients were identified using the PHIS database. Although there is a high capture rate for CHD that require early hospitalization, there is a low capture rate for defects with a wider spectrum of disease presentation. These attributes of the PHIS database should be used to frame previous and future research using PHIS to study CHD.
Never let a crisis go to waste: Repurposing independent research projects to enhance students' critical thinking skills
Authors: Athamneh Khawlah , Ashraf Syed Salman 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe recent lockdown of laboratories in the COVID‐19 era has negatively impacted many lab‐based courses for undergraduate students; however, research project classes have been hardest hit. Unlike the lab‐based lecture courses, where many of the lab instructors have resorted to virtual experiments and videos to substitute for actual lab experiments, senior year independent research courses, which are supposed to involve real lab‐based research, are struggling to find an appropriate solution. A possible solution to cases where the coronavirus pandemic lockdown has led to no or little student‐generated lab data are to shift the focus of these research project courses such that they are taught as mentor‐guided critical thinking exercises, using the primary literature. As an example, the lack of complete understanding for the molecular basis of protein thermostability can be used to promote such higher‐level thinking skills.
De novo recurrent spontaneous coronary artery dissection in nonatherosclerotic elderly woman: A case report
Authors: Kozuki Jun , Tsuda Shigeyasu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSpontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare disease which causes acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this case, we show the recurrence of SCAD and pathological findings of an intimal tear that lead to SCAD of the proximal left anterior descending branch which could contribute to the onset of AMI.
Seatbelt‐induced extrathoracic lung herniation
Authors: Kitridis Dimitrios , Karaiskos Theodoros , Chalidis Byron , Galanis Nikiforos , Givissis Panagiotis 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTraumatic lung herniation is an uncommon complication of blunt chest trauma due to seatbelt injury. High index of suspicion, adherence to ATLS guidelines, and cooperation between different surgical specialties for the prompt stabilization of flail chest and primary or prosthetic closure of the defect may ensure a favorable outcome.
Genetic population structure of endangered ring‐tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) from nine sites in southern Madagascar
Authors: Chandrashekar Aparna , Knierim Jessica A. , Khan Sohail , Raboin Dominique L. , Venkatesh Sateesh , Clarke Tara A. , Cuozzo Frank P. , LaFleur Marni , Lawler Richard R. , Parga Joyce A. , Rasamimanana Hantanirina R. , Reuter Kim E. , Sauther Michelle L. , Baden Andrea L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMadagascar's ring‐tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) are experiencing rapid population declines due to ongoing habitat loss and fragmentation, as well as increasing exploitation for bushmeat and the illegal pet trade. Despite being the focus of extensive and ongoing behavioral studies, there is comparatively little known about the genetic population structuring of the species. Here, we present the most comprehensive population genetic analysis of ring‐tailed lemurs to date from across their likely remaining geographic range. We assessed levels of genetic diversity and population genetic structure using multilocus genotypes for 106 adult individuals from nine geographically representative localities. Population structure and FST analyses revealed moderate genetic differentiation with localities being geographically partitioned into northern, southern, western and also potentially central clusters. Overall genetic diversity, in terms of allelic richness and observed heterozygosity, was high in the species (AR = 4.74, HO = 0.811). In fact, it is the highest among all published lemur estimates to date. While these results are encouraging, ring‐tailed lemurs are currently affected by ongoing habitat fragmentation and occur at lower densities in poorer quality habitats. The effects of continued isolation and fragmentation, coupled with climate‐driven environmental instability, will therefore likely impede the long‐term viability of the species.