bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reanalysis of occupant experiment in ZEB Living Lab
Authors: Skeie K S , Korsnes M S , Woods R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In 2015-2016, a six-month long experiment was carried out in the ZEB Living Lab, one of the first houses in Norway planned to reach net zero emission throughout its lifetime. By means of qualitative experiments, social scientists evaluated how six groups of occupants impacted the zero emission building, and how the zero emission building impacted its occupants in different ways. Data were collected through direct observation, diaries and interviews before, during and after the stay. In this paper, we take a closer look at the sensor data from the detailed monitoring system, generated during each group’s 25-day long residing’s. We find that despite the experiment being a controlled environment with many shared household characteristics, occupancy is determined by diverse factors, and the users’ preferences and attitudes influence energy consumption. All major household appliances were the same, but the time of use, frequency, duration and type of use differed. The study contributes to increasing understanding of user behaviour and energy use in low energy houses. Providing occupancy profiles is valuable, in light of the increasing amount of local renewable energy production. These datasets can be used as input in energy simulation and planning of zero-emission neighbourhoods.
Powerhouse Telemark: A plus energy building with a low exergy heating and cooling system
Authors: Tapper C S F , Dokka T H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Powerhouse Telemark (PHT) is an eleven stories high office building in Telemark in Norway, built to plus energy standard. A plus energy building that is built according to the Powerhouse definition prior to 2019 must produce more renewable, locally produced energy during the lifetime of the building, and must produce enough renewable energy to cover the total embodied energy used for the production and transportation of the building materials used in the building. The local renewable energy production must also cover the yearly net energy needs for operations, renovations and demolition of the building. The local production of renewable energy on the building is not required to cover the energy needed for plug loads in the building.
The building will have a unique diamond shape, and the roof of the building is oriented towards the south, and slopes at an angle of 24 degrees from the horizontal. The building will be a net supplier of electricity when seen over a whole year.
In addition to other “normal” measures to achieve a plus energy building, like a high performance building envelope, and an extremely efficient ventilation system, energy efficient lighting and equipment and a solar PV system, a new low exergy heating and cooling system has been implemented in the building. This low exergy system (called Lowex) is based on low temperature heating and high temperature cooling, which together with an optimized energy well design will give extremely low demand for delivered energy (electricity). To design this Lowex system, a lot of different calculations and simulations had to be done, both with commercial software packages, but also with new develop dynamic simulation models. These design procedures and models are described in this paper. This paper also describes how these results will be used for the operation of the building.
The building is currently under construction and will be commissioned in late 2019/early 2020. The main experience from the design phase and early construction phase is that the Lowex system sets strict demands on both façade design and the interior design. Transparent vs. opaque area ratios, solar shading and glazing solutions set boundaries for the architectural concept, and must be taken into account early in the design process. Flooring materials, ratio of landscape vs. office cells, and thermal zoning of the building affects the interior design. The acoustic concept and the carbon footprint of the building as well as the design of the supplementary HVAC-system are also important factors that need to be taken into account at an early stage in the design phase. To solve these interdisciplinary problems it requires a design team that can work together closely. The architect, and the engineer that is responsible for the energy performance of the building, have a central role to play at the very beginning of the design phase when the geometry and the general parameters of the building is still in flux.
Lia Kindergarten – A plus energy building: First year experience with regard to energy use
Authors: Dokka Tor Helge , Myrup Maria , Solsem Morten 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Lia kindergarten is designed to be a plus energy building. The kindergarten was opened in January 2018, and the first year has been a tune-in phase for the technical systems. The plus energy concept consist of a well insulated building envelope, a highly efficient ventilation system, a lighting system with LED-fixtures and advanced control system and a low exergy thermal energy supply based on geothermal wells and a small inverter heat pump. The energy demand is balanced with a solar PV-system on the roof to achieve the plus energy definition. A lithium-ion battery package of approximately 40 kWh has been installed for peak shaving and to utilize more of the solar energy produced on the building (reducing mismatch).
A lot of research, calculations and simulations has been done in the design phase for the low exergy system. The floor concrete slab with embedded heating (pex pipes) is designed for very low temperature heating (22-28 °C). The floor system is reversed in the summer providing high temperature cooling (18-19 °C) which also charge the geothermal wells for the heating season. The calculations and simulations has also been used to make control strategies based on model predictive control (MPC) methodology, also taking in on-line weather forecast.
Facade Integrated Photovoltaic, state of the art of Experimental Methodology
Authors: Xiang Changying , Matusiak Barbara Szybinska 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The concept of Building-integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) is one of the most promising strategies to employ clean energy in the built environment. Up to now, the PVs have been applied mostly on roofs, but since the total roof area is insufficient, there is a need to integrate photovoltaics on building façades as well. This challenges not only the architectural design of a single building but also the visual image of urban environment, as photovoltaics have to harmonize with conventional building materials used on building facades as brick, concrete, wood, etc. Aiming to provide a foundation for research exploring facade-integration methods that will ensure successful architectural result, the paper presents a state of the art on façade integrated photovoltaics (FIPV) with focus on the experimental research methodology. It embraces both, theoretical research and PVs applications in building projects. As pure computer simulations are not recognized as an experimental methodology, papers conveying such generated results have not been included. In addition, the research that deals exclusively with energy aspects is omitted. The study is based on a comprehensive literature review. Advanced experimental methodologies from selected literature are described and categorized according to the scale (building or urban) and the transparency of the PVs (opaque or translucent). Then detailed features of PV experimental methods are demonstrated in structured tables for analysis and discussion. The study shows that even though solid scientific methods are used to evaluate single features of PVs, e.g. colour or reflectance, there is an obvious lack of methodology providing holistic assessment of Façade-integrated Photovoltaics, especially at the urban scale. The further research will lead toward developing of evaluation criteria framework (in interdisciplinary cooperation) and then provide a holistic methodology combining qualitative and quantitative methods for a successful FIPVs in urban context.
Design and build with straw, earth and reeds for a minus carbon and plus energy building practice
Authors: Dabaieh Marwa 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The 6Zs target refers to the concept of a minus carbon and plus energy eco-cycle refugee house. A 37 m2 house was designed and constructed in a participatory manner in the City of Lund, Sweden. The 6Zs include: zero emissions, zero energy, zero waste, zero cost, zero indoor air pollutants and zero impact on the environment after the shelter is demolished. The key idea of this eco-cycle house is to reach net 6Zs during all stages—material extraction, building construction, operation and maintenance—until the shelter’s end of life. The main construction material is plant-based raw fibers (mainly straw and reed), which are available around the building site. This house is designed to accommodate the needs of two adults and one child. It was built with the help of 7 refugees in 11 working days through an experimental participatory urban living lab methodology. The paper discusses the 6Z design concepts and draws conclusions on the preliminary assessment of the house prototype that was built as a proof of concept. The beneficiaries of this project are not restricted to refugees but also include the majority of individuals and families seeking affordable ways of living with a low impact on the environment. The house is designed for the cold Swedish climate, but the design concept and methodological approach can be adjusted to other climates or geographical contexts.
Disturbance Frequency 9 – 150 kHz Characteristics towards Total Demand Distortion on On-Grid Solar Panel System in the Electrical System of Kuningan Gas Station
Authors: Purnamaputra R P , Sudiarto B 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTo use solar energy into electricity, a solar panel system is needed which of course uses solar panels. As we know, a solar panel system has quite a lot of non-linear equipment, for example is an inverter. The use of this inverter will affect the power quality of the output of solar panels, one of which is disturbance. At a frequency range of 9 – 150 kHz, electrical equipment with an inverter will produce a disturbance in the system. So, in this paper, the study was conducted to observe the characteristics of the disturbance frequency of 9 – 150 kHz towards total demand distortion on on-grid solar system in the electrical system at the gas station so that it can be used as a guide for future disturbance and solar energy research.
Tristaniopsis merguensis Griff. Extract as Inhibitor for Corrosion of Stainless Steel
Authors: Roanisca O , Mahardika R G , Setiawan Y 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Green inhibitors are inhibitors that utilize secondary metabolites of plant to reduce the rate of corrosion. Secondary metabolites with heteroatom content phosphate, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur function as ligands and adsorption centers to bind metals. These metabolites compounds include alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins. Tristaniopsis merguensis Griff. is a local plant of Bangka Belitung which contains alkaloid, flavonoids and tannins. The focus of this research is to analyze the effect of T. merguensis leaf extract on corrosion rate of stainless steel. T. merguensis extract was obtained by maceration for 3 x 24 hours using ethanol solvent. Determination of corrosion rate using the mass reduction method. Then, functional group analysis contained in extract uses the Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) at wavenumber region 4000–400 cm−1. The results obtained that at the highest concentration of 1000 mg/L the extract of T. merguensis was able to inhibit the corrosion rate of stainless steel until the corrosion rate was 0.3826 mmpy equal to inhibition efficiency 85.27%. This inhibiting ability is more likely because T. merguensis leaf extract containing phenolic compounds. Therefor T. merguensis extract can be used as a green inhibitor.
Utilization of FABA Waste from coal combustion at the PLTU Air Anyir as an alternative to local construction materials
Authors: Yofianti D , Yukho H A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
FABA (fly ash and bottom ash) is a by-product of coal combustion at the Air Anyir steam power plant (PLTU), in the Province of the Bangka-Belitung Islands. The waste generated from this PLTU always increases every year, but its utilization is not getting the attention of the related parties. In connection with these reasons, the aim of this study was to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of FABA utilization and to identify barriers in applying the use of FABA as an alternative to local construction materials. The in-depth interview method was selected in this study to obtain detailed information regarding FABA issues. The interviewees were derived from the internal and external parties of the PLTU Air Anyir. The interview results were analysed using the narrative method. The results of this study are expected to encourage relevant parties to use FABA as an alternative substitute for construction materials.
Characterization of aluminum oxide nanoparticles using egg white as a trap-matrix
Authors: Noor A , Afriani F , Rafsanjani R A , Tiandho Y 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this article, we add egg white (albumen) to the synthesis of aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3). Egg white can be used as a trap for the aluminum oxide particle matrix to prevent agglomeration of aluminum oxide particles during the synthesis process. To determine the effect of pH on the characteristics of aluminum oxide crystals formed, variations in pH were carried out starting from 7, 9 to pH 11. The calcination temperature used was 1000°C. We used the results of XRD analysis to determine the crystalline size and crystallinity of aluminum oxide nanoparticles. pH 7 shows the size of the smallest nanoparticles of crystals and the relatively large levels of crystallinity.
The Effect of Temperature and Twist Ratio from Twisted Tape Insert to Pumping Power in Concentric Exchange Tools using Nanofluida TiO2 and Oli Termo XT-32
Authors: Wibowo B S , Setiawan Y , Radiyan F 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The heat exchanger is a device used to heat between two or more fluids. Heat exchangers can use fluid flow or construction. Heat exchangers are widely used in engineering applications. The heat exchanger has long been recognized by industries that relate to heat transmission phenomena. Improve the speed of all types of heat exchangers widely in the industry, in the process of retrieval (heat recovery process), air conditioning, and chemical reactors. Increasing the amount of light flow can be done in several ways, namely: flowing inequality, damaging the boundary layer, changing the fluid flow, and rotating fluid flow (vortex flow). One of the techniques used to increase the heat coefficient of convection is to provide insert material or often called Insert. The research methodology was to determine the effect of the rotational ratio of the insertion bent band on the pumping power of the pipe heat exchanger by using TiO2 nanofluid with a heat transfer oil base fluid (thermo XT32). This research was carried out with experimental methods, as for the tools and research materials in this case: primary fluid of thermo XT32, TiO2 nanoparticles, and an annular channel concentric pipe heat exchanger by inserting a bent band. In and out data (Th, i and Th, o), the temperature of the fluid in and out of the annulus (Tc, i and Tc, o), the outer wall temperature of the inner tube (Tw1, Tw2, Tw3, Tw4), and the water height difference on the manometer. Data collection was carried out with TiO2 particle nano samples with a volume fraction of 0.3% Vol, without a bent band. Insert (plain tube) and rotate the tape with a touch ratio of 3, 6, and 9. The results of the research carried out on the conclusion of the rotational ratio in the band bending the insertion of the pumping power of the heat exchanger. This proved the pumping power increases with decreasing rotational ratio from a bent band, the addition of a twisted tape insert can increase the pumping power when compared to a pipe heat exchanger without concentrically turning the inserted tape (plain tube), this is proven by using a twisted tape insert with a twist ratio of 3. It requires a pumping power of 87.71 W / m2 to be able to drain TiO2 nanofluid, with a volume fraction of 0.3% Vol at a fluid temperature of 60 °C whereas when compared to a heat exchanger without turning the inserted tape (plain tube), it only requires pumping power of 17.73 W / m2. to be able to drain nanofluid in a heat exchanger.
Contact pressure analysis of slewing rings
Authors: Skyba R , Hrček S , Smetánka L , Majchrák M 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe paper deals with creation of functional parametric 3D model of slewing bearing. The slewing bearing is loaded by the radial force that acts from the centre of the bearing and it is also perpendicular to the axis of bearing. 3D fully parametric model of slewing ring was designed in Creo Parametric 3 and it is controlled by the ball diameter. To calculate several geometric bearing modifications, the 3D model from Creo was imported to the Ansys Workbench computational program. Based on many analysis in Ansys, it is possible to evaluate the size of contact pressures, determine the most loaded place and compare values between individual bearing modifications. By transferring the measured values of the contact pressures to the Microsoft office, it was possible to construct a graphical dependence between the values of measured stresses and the magnitude of the radial force acting on the slewing bearing.
Kinematic method of envelope points calculation when the wraparound points are known
Authors: Babichev D A , Babichev D T , Yu Lebedev S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
There are two kinds of surfaces that are formed by the movable bodies: wraparound and envelope surfaces. In this work the authors develop velocity (kinematic) envelope points’ calculation method, when the envelope is known. The method is approximate; and based upon the usage of terms “speed and acceleration”; and lets reduce the amount of calculation using undifferentiated methods of envelope estimation
Case study on topology optimized design for additive manufacturing
Authors: Aliyi A M , Lemu H G 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Additive Manufacturing (AM), also known as rapid prototyping, rapid manufacturing, layer manufacturing and three-dimensional printing, represents one of the most promising aspects of manufacturing for highly complex geometries. In particular, AM is nowadays seen as provider of possibilities to realize true design optimized manufacturing through topology optimization. Topology optimization is an approach that is considered powerful in design because it contributes to a design that can save energy, materials and time that are not economically achievable using other manufacturing processes. This paper is intended to explore the potentials of topology optimized design approach for AM in developing products that are lightweight and at the same time efficient and have load bearing capacity. A case study has been conducted to demonstrate the steps involved in topology optimization and its benefits in terms of weight reduction.
Possibilities of intelligent flexible manufacturing systems
Authors: Kostal P , Mudrikova A , Michal D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The basic requirement of production is to produce as many products as possible, at the lowest cost, with the highest possible quality. These requirements can be met with the new "Intelligent Production" paradigm. In particular, this paradigm involves the use of intelligent manufacturing systems and the introduction of intelligent production management. In this article, we'll look at intelligent manufacturing systems. The intelligent manufacturing system itself is a flexible manufacturing system that can flexibly respond to changes in production requirements as well as changes in its surroundings and interact with its surroundings. As a result of these flexible responses, there is less space, reduced production and investment costs, and increased productivity.
Designing and optimizing extractors for automated dispensers
Authors: Hajducik A , Smetanka L , Medvecký Š , Škrabala J 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCurrently, the process of manufacturing the goods and then distributing them to the customer is constantly optimized, accelerated and automated. For these aspects, goods handling and automated storage play a key role. This article focuses on designing and optimizing the mechanisms that are parts of vending machines. Both static and dynamic models of mechanisms are presented, also the thesis describes the configuration and operating principle of given mechanisms. The mechanisms have been designed to handle for instance boxes, reliably and precisely, they were subjected to dynamic analysis. Several principles of the various mechanism are presented. After this, the functionality of some mechanisms was verified by analysis. These models of extractors can be used in food dispensers, vending machines in libraries, pharmacies, and stores of specific goods. The presented mechanisms are particularly suitable for medicine dispensers and pharmacy environments.
Effect of reinforcement on mechanical characteristics of A356 alloy nanocomposites
Authors: Velickovic S , Stojanović B , Djordjević Z , Miladinović S , Blagojević J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Nanocomposites with aluminum base reinforced with nanoparticles, have wide application in many industries, for example, aerospace, marine, automobile, due to its lightweight, high tensile strength and high wear resistance, etc. The study of the microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of the nanocomposite is very important in order to reliably and optimally carry out the design of new materials. In this study for the mechanical characterization of the A356 composites with a ceramic particle reinforcements nanoindentation was performed. Nanoindentaion is largely used for the analysis of mechanical properties. The samples of the nanocomposites were developed using 0, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 wt.% SiC, with an average size of particles of about 50 nm, produced by a compocasting process with pre-processing mechanical alloying. Nanoindentation was carried out based on Berkovich's test method with the indenter in shape of three sided diamond pyramid. The nanocomposite testing showed that the nanocomposites containing 0.5 wt.% of the reinforcement have slightly higher tensile strength and a lower value of the elastic modulus compared to the aluminum alloy base.
The influence of different lamina positions on buckling properties of composites plates under biaxial compression
Authors: Jeremic D , Radić N 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The present work focused on the buckling of composite plates subjected to biaxial compression using classical laminated plate theory (CLPT). The two composite plates are bonded by an elastic medium. Classical laminated plate theory (CLPT) is utilized for deriving the governing equations. Difference between 4-ply symmetric lamination scheme with different material properties and fiber orientation angle (0° and 30°) is shown. The study show that the mechanical properties of the composite materials depending on the fiber orientation angle and lamina positions.