bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The advanced lung cancer inflammation index predicts outcomes in patients with Crohn’s disease after surgical resection
Authors: Kusunoki K. , Toiyama Y. , Okugawa Y. , Yamamoto A. , Omura Y. , Kusunoki Y. , Yin C. , Kondo S. , Okita Y. , Ohi M. , Sasaki H. , Bando T. , Uchino M. , Ikeuchi H. , Kusunoki M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimPrecise biomarkers for predicting prognosis could help to identify high‐risk Crohn's disease (CD) patients to facilitate better follow‐up during the postoperative course. In this study, the primary aim is the identification of the most reliable nutrition marker that predicts surgical relapse in CD patients.MethodWe first evaluated the predictive value of various nutrition markers for postoperative surgical relapse in CD patients and identified the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) as a promising biomarker. Then, we assessed the clinical significance of preoperative ALI in CD patients using two cohorts.ResultsPreoperative ALI showed the highest correlation with reoperation rate compared with other nutritional parameters in CD patients receiving surgical resection (sensitivity 53%, specificity 86%, area under the curve 0.71). Lower levels of preoperative ALI were significantly correlated with the presence of perianal disease. A lower level of preoperative ALI was an independent prognostic factor for reoperation rate after an intestinal resection (hazard ratio 3.37, 95% CI 1.38–10.12, P = 0.006), and the prognostic impact of preoperative ALI was successfully validated in an independent cohort using the same cut‐off value.ConclusionPreoperative ALI might be useful for postoperative management of CD patients.
Three additional cases of non‐neural granular cell tumor with novel immunohistochemical findings
Authors: Torre‐Castro Juan , Moya‐Martínez Cristina , Núñez‐Hipólito Lucía , Mendoza‐Cembranos María Dolores , Eraña‐Tomás Itziar , Jo‐Velasco Margarita , Saus Carles , Solares Julia , Requena Luis , Santonja Carlos 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundNon‐neural granular cell tumor (NNGCT) is an uncommon neoplasm of controversial histogenesis and its histopathologic differential diagnosis includes, in addition to conventional GCT, other dermal tumors that may exhibit granular cell change.MethodsThree patients with a diagnosis of NNGCT were identified in the authors' files. Hematoxylin and eosin‐stained sections and immunohistochemical studies were performed.ResultsHistopathological study of the three lesions showed dermal proliferation of granular cells arranged in thick fascicles between collagen bundles. The lesions showed positivity for Factor XIIIa, CD163, CD68, NKIC3, vimentin, ALK, fascin, and cyclin D1.ConclusionTo our knowledge, positivity for cyclin D1 has not been reported to date in NNGCT. In borderline cases, where the diagnosis is unclear despite histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings, positivity for cyclin D1 may favor the diagnosis of NNGCT. Further investigations to assess the differentiation of this rare neoplasm are needed.
Features of oral glucose tolerance tests in patients after Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass with and without hypoglycaemia symptoms in daily life: It's all about speed
Authors: Mariën Ilke , De Block Christophe , Verrijken An , Van Dessel Kristof , Peiffer Frida , Verhaegen Ann , Hubens Guy , Van Gaal Luc , Dirinck Eveline 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the glucose and insulin profiles during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) after Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients.Research design and methodsThis retrospective study consisted of two groups that had undergone RYGB. The symptomatic (S) group (n = 27) had an OGTT at presentation, whereas the asymptomatic (A) group (n = 99) had an OGTT 1 year after RYGB. Each group was subdivided into two groups, namely, those with glycaemia <54 mg/dL (S1/A1) and those with glycaemia >54 mg/dL (S2/A2) during OGTT. Most of the patients underwent OGTT preoperatively.ResultsPreoperatively, the glucose and insulin levels, as well as the speed of increase and decrease, were similar in all groups. Postoperatively, the minimum glucose levels during the OGTT did not differ between the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups (55 ± 19 vs. 54 ± 17 mg/dL) or between the S1 and A1 subgroups (39 ± 7 vs. 43 ± 8 mg/dL). The peak glucose values were higher in the symptomatic versus the asymptomatic group (236 ± 52 vs. 189 ± 43 mg/dL; P <0.05) and in the S1 and S2 versus the A1 and A2 subgroups. The speed of glucose increase and decline was significantly higher in the symptomatic group versus the asymptomatic group, with the speed of glucose decline being the highest in the S1 subgroup.ConclusionAssessing hypoglycaemia after a gastric bypass remains challenging. Our study suggests that the main difference in glucose dynamics between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients might be the speed of glucose and insulin increase and decline during OGTT rather than the absolute values obtained.
Impact of microvascular disease on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: Results from the LEADER and SUSTAIN 6 clinical trials
Authors: Verma Subodh , Bain Stephen C. , Honoré Julie Broe , F. E. Mann Johannes , A. Nauck Michael , E. Pratley Richard , Rasmussen Søren , Sejersten Ripa Maria , Zinman Bernard , Buse John B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe randomized, double‐blind, cardiovascular outcomes trials LEADER (NCT01179048) and SUSTAIN 6 (NCT01720446) showed cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with liraglutide and semaglutide, respectively, compared with placebo. This post hoc analysis examined the impact of microvascular disease at baseline on cardiovascular outcomes in these trials, and the efficacy of liraglutide (1.8 mg) and once‐weekly semaglutide (0.5‐1.0 mg) in patients with and without microvascular disease. In total, 9340 patients from LEADER and 3297 patients from SUSTAIN 6 were included in this analysis; of these, 5761 and 2356 had a history of microvascular disease at baseline and 3835 and 1640 had a history of both microvascular and macrovascular disease, respectively. Patients with microvascular disease were shown to have an increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events compared with patients without microvascular disease (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] in LEADER: 1.15 [1.03; 1.29], P = .0136; SUSTAIN 6: 1.56 [1.14; 2.17], P = .0064). Liraglutide and semaglutide consistently reduced cardiovascular risk in patients with and without microvascular disease.
Deep brain stimulation and eye movements
Authors: Klarendic Maja , Kaski Diego 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDeep brain stimulation (DBS) has been most widely used in the management of movement disorders, but more recently to treat a growing number of neurological and psychiatric conditions. It is know to have a variety of effects upon oculomotor function, depending not only on the location of the stimulation, but also the underlying pathology being treated. Understanding how DBS affects eye movements is important, given the widespread nature of eye movement control and its inevitable overlap with many of the networks targeted by the stimulation. Moreover, it can also offer additional mechanistic insights into neural circuits involved in complex eye movement control. Here, we discuss the application of DBS treatment across different diseases and explore how distinct stimulation locations interfere with known eye movement circuits and the ensuing oculomotor and visual effects it can produce. We also discuss more experimental DBS targets and its effects on ocular motility, as well as discussing unilateral versus bilateral deep brain stimulation and possible hemispheric asymmetry in relation to eye movement control. Contradictory findings across studies reporting DBS effects on eye movements likely relate to differences in the methodological approaches used, levodopa medication status, as well as possible variability in DBS electrode placement. We highlight the need for further research with less common DBS targets on the possible effects upon eye movements.
An effective approach for optimization of a perishable inventory system with uncertainty in both demand and supply
Authors: Nguyen Duc Huy , Chen Haoxun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEffective inventory system management allows companies to respond quickly to the market change and develop a flexible production system to improve their competitiveness. In this paper, we study an inventory problem of a perishable product with random deterioration rate under uncertainty in both demand and supply. Such problem appears in biomass supply chains because feedstock supply is always uncertain due to weather conditions, insect population. By formulating the problem as a multiperiod stochastic inventory model, we demonstrate that its optimal inventory policy is an order‐up‐to level policy. We develop an effective algorithm combining scenario‐based optimization and Lagrangian relaxation for quickly and approximately calculating the order‐up‐to levels. A computational study shows that the algorithm can find a near‐optimal solution with a relative gap of cost less than 1% on average in comparison with the optimal inventory policy.
Doppler parameters of renal hemodynamics in women with preeclampsia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Bellos Ioannis , Pergialiotis Vasilios 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe present meta‐analysis aims to compare renal arterial and venous Doppler parameters in women with preeclampsia and healthy pregnant controls. Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched from inception to December 04, 2019. All observational studies reporting renal resistive index, pulsatility index, renal interlobar vein impedance, or pulse transit time among preeclamptic and healthy pregnant women were held eligible. Subgroup analysis was conducted on the basis of disease onset and side of measurement. Both pair‐wise and network meta‐analysis were performed using Review Manager 5.3 and R‐3.4.3 software. Fourteen studies were included, with a total of 1118 women. No difference of renal resistive (MD: 0.00, 95% CI: [−0.03, 0.04]) and pulsatility index (MD: −0.01, 95% CI: [−0.14, 0.12]) was evident between the two groups. Renal interlobar vein impedance was estimated to be significantly higher in preeclampsia (MD: 0.07, 95% CI: [0.06, 0.09]), while venous pulse transit time was significantly lower (MD: −0.10, 95% CI: [−0.14, −0.05]) in women with the disease. Subgroup analysis indicated that early‐onset preeclampsia was associated with significantly elevated renal interlobar vein impedance and lower venous pulse transit time than late‐onset disease. The outcomes of the present meta‐analysis suggest that preeclampsia is characterized by venous hemodynamic dysfunction as it is associated with significantly elevated renal interlobar vein impedance and shorter venous pulse transit time. Future large‐scale prospective studies should introduce cutoff values and determine the optimal timing of measurement in order to achieve optimal predictive accuracy.
CD73 acts as a prognostic biomarker and promotes progression and immune escape in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Chen Qiangda , Pu Ning , Yin Hanlin , Zhang Jicheng , Zhao Guochao , Lou Wenhui , Wu Wenchuan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCD73 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)‐anchored protein that attenuates tumour immunity via cooperating with CD39 to generate immunosuppressive adenosine. Therefore, CD73 blockade has been incorporated into clinical trials for cancers based on preclinical efficacy. However, the biological role and underlying mechanism of CD73 in pancreatic cancer (PC) microenvironment and its prognostic impact have not been comprehensively studied. In this article, we found that the expression of CD73 was up‐regulated in PC tissues and patients with higher CD73 expression had poorer overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) in multiple publicly available databases. Higher CD73 expression was significantly associated with its reduced methylation, and only the hypomethylation of CpG site at cg23172664 was obviously correlated with poorer OS. Then, Metascape analysis and GSEA showed that CD73 may play an important role in PC progression and immune regulations. Notably, CD73 was verified to be negatively correlated with infiltrating levels of CD8+ T cells and γδ+ T cells in both TCGA and GEO cohorts via the CIBERSORT algorithm. In addition, patients with higher CD73 expression also tended to have higher PD‐L1 expression and tumour mutation load. It seemed that CD73 might be a promising biomarker for the response to the anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 treatment in PC. In conclusion, these results reveal that CD73 may function as a promotor in cancer progression and a regulator in immune patterns via CD73‐related pathways. Blockade of CD73 might be a promising therapeutic strategy for PC.
Abortion in women with Down syndrome
Authors: Orthmann Bless D. , Hofmann V. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundNearly two‐thirds of pregnancies in women with Down syndrome (DS) end in abortion. The aim of the present study was to determine if these high abortion rates might relate to specific characteristics of women with DS, their life situation and the course of pregnancy.MethodsIn a sample of 351 pregnancies in Switzerland (1998 to 2009), women with DS were compared with women with other forms of intellectual disability (ID) and women without ID, regarding the type of abortion, personal characteristics and pregnancy complications that might increase the probability of abortion.ResultsAll abortions among women with DS were medically induced. In women with DS and ID, abortions were more likely to occur due to unwanted pregnancy than in women without ID. In addition, women with DS and ID were more often diagnosed with fetal complications and maternal health problems. However, no correlation between fetal complications or maternal health problems and pregnancy outcome was found.ConclusionsThe group differences found do not directly explain the high abortion rates among women with DS. Maternal diagnosis of DS appears to be the most important predictor of abortion. Possible explanations for this finding are discussed.
Volunteerism during COVID‐19
Authors: Nanavaty Joanne 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHealth care workers have been asked to do their part to make a difference and give back to their community. This personal reflection is a result of an experience as a medical reserve corps nurse volunteer for a local health department in the northeastern United States. Volunteering resulted in positive social and personal benefits for me. It inspired a sense of pride in helping others and knowing that someone's well‐being may be enhanced. The individuals whom I spoke with via the phone appreciated the concern for their health, and some individuals seemed to enjoy the interaction with another person, possibly due to their isolation. Descriptions of interactions via phone calls with coronavirus positive individuals are provided that support the benefits of volunteering. Volunteerism has personal value in its ability to inspire someone to continue to make an impact. Volunteerism allowed me to give to others and to gain a sense of purpose.
Potential Future Use, Costs, and Value of Poliovirus Vaccines
Authors: Thompson Kimberly M. , Kalkowska Dominika A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCountries face different poliovirus risks, which imply different benefits associated with continued and future use of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) and/or inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV). With the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) continuing to extend its timeline for ending the transmission of all wild polioviruses and to introduce new poliovirus vaccines, the polio vaccine supply chain continues to expand in complexity. The increased complexity leads to significant uncertainty about supply and costs. Notably, the strategy of phased OPV cessation of all three serotypes to stop all future incidence of poliomyelitis depends on successfully stopping the transmission of all wild polioviruses. Countries also face challenges associated with responding to any outbreaks that occur after OPV cessation, because stopping transmission of such outbreaks requires reintroducing the use of the stopped OPV in most countries. National immunization program leaders will likely consider differences in their risks and willingness‐to‐pay for risk reduction as they evaluate their investments in current and future polio vaccination. Information about the costs and benefits of future poliovirus vaccines, and discussion of the complex situation that currently exists, should prove useful to national, regional, and global decisionmakers and support health economic modeling. Delays in achieving polio eradication combined with increasing costs of poliovirus vaccines continue to increase financial risks for the GPEI.
The social construction of alternatives to pesticide use: A study of biocontrol in Burgundian viticulture
Authors: Villemaine Robin , Compagnone Claude , Falconnet Camille 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article seeks to examine the social construction of ‘biocontrol’ as a credible alternative to conventional pesticide use in viticulture production in Burgundy, France. Basing our analysis on a series of interviews with representatives of the key groups involved in the crop protection sector in France, we describe a dynamic that has emerged with respect to the development and justification of biocontrol products as a crop protection strategy. The key players within this dynamic are the State, the agricultural chemical companies, and the input distributors and crop advisors. The State has introduced positive incentives to encourage companies to develop new biocontrol products and negative incentives to compel agricultural input dealers and crop advisors to promote those products. The agricultural chemical companies are introducing new biocontrol materials based on the notion that these products can eventually replace more dangerous pesticides. The input dealers and crop advisors, finally, are compelled by the State to recommend alternatives to conventional pesticides, but generally believe the new biocontrol products are ineffective and so do little to promote their use. When they do, they typically recommend older products that have been recently reclassified as biocontrol materials.
Developmental programs interact with abscisic acid to coordinate root suberization in Arabidopsis
Authors: Wang Chunhua , Wang Hong , Li Pengxue , Li Haiyang , Xu Chunmiao , Cohen Hagai , Aharoni Asaph , Wu Shuang 
Published: July 2020

SummarySuberin lamellae, which provide a hydrophobic protective barrier against biotic and abiotic stresses, are widely deposited in various cell types during plant development and in response to stress. However, it remains unclear how developmental programs interact with stress responses to direct the precise spatiotemporal pattern of suberin deposition. In this study, we found that SHORT‐ROOT (SHR), together with its downstream factor MYB36, guided suberization specifically in the root endodermis. Despite a partial dependence on abscisic acid (ABA), the suberization mediated by SHR and MYB36 appeared to derive from a slow readout of developmental programs, which was in contrast to the rapid but transient suberization induced by ABA. Furthermore, we found the MYB39 transcription factor functioned as a common downstream hub of the SHR/MYB36 pathway and the ABA‐triggered response. MYB39 could directly bind to the FAR5 (alcohol‐forming fatty acyl‐coenzyme A reductase) promoter to activate its expression. In addition, overexpression of MYB39 dramatically increased the amount of suberization in Arabidopsis roots. Our results provide important insights into the interaction between developmental programs and environmental stimuli in root suberization in Arabidopsis.
Effect of High Pressures on the Formation of Nitric Oxide in Lean, Premixed Flames
Authors: Versailles Philippe , Durocher Antoine , Bourque Gilles , Bergthorson Jeffrey M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Increasingly stringent regulations are imposed on nitrogen oxides emissions due to their numerous negative impacts on human health and the environment. Accurate, experimentally validated thermochemical models are required for the development of the next generation of combustors. This paper presents a series of experiments performed in lean, premixed, laminar, jet-wall stagnation flames at pressures of 2, 4, 8, and 16 atm. To target postflame temperatures relevant to gas turbine engines, the stoichiometry of the nonpreheated methane–air mixture is adjusted to an equivalence ratio of 0.7. One-dimensional (1D) profiles of temperature and NO mole fraction are measured via laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) thermometry and NO-LIF, respectively, to complement previously published flame speed data (Versailles et al., 2018, “Measurements of the Reactivity of Premixed, Stagnation, Methane-Air Flames at Gas Turbine Relevant Pressures,” ASME. J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, 141(1), p. 011027). The results reveal that, as the pressure increases, the maximum postflame temperature stays relatively stable, and the concentration of NO produced through the flame front remains constant within uncertainty. Seven thermochemical models, selected for their widespread usage or recent date of publication, are validated against the experimental data. While all mechanisms accurately predict the postflame temperature, thanks to consistent thermodynamic parameters, important disagreements are observed in the NO concentration profiles, which highlights the need to carefully select the models used as design tools. The lack of pressure dependence of NO formation that many models fail to capture is numerically investigated via sensitivity and reaction path analyses applied to the solution of flame simulations. The termolecular reaction H+O2(+M)↔HO2(+M) is shown to hinder the production of atomic oxygen and to consume hydrogen radicals at higher pressures, which inhibits the formation of nitric oxide through the N2O pathway.
Model-Based Design and Optimization for Large Bore Engines: Some Industrial Case Studies
Authors: Srinivasan Prashant , Bhat Sanketh , Sivasubramaniam Manthram , Methekar Ravi , Devarakonda Maruthi , Kumar Chandan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Large bore reciprocating internal combustion (IC) engines are used in a wide variety of applications such as power generation, transportation, gas compression, mechanical drives, and mining. Each application has its own unique requirements that influence the engine design and control strategy. The system architecture and control strategy play a key role in meeting the requirements. Traditionally, control design has come in at a later stage of the development process, when the system design is almost frozen. Furthermore, transient performance requirements have not always been considered adequately at early design stages for large engines, thus limiting achievable controller performance. With rapid advances in engine modeling capability, it has now become possible to accurately simulate engine behavior in steady-states and transients. In this paper, we propose an integrated model-based approach to system design and control of reciprocating engines and outline ideas, processes, and real-world case studies for the same. Key benefits of this approach include optimized engine performance in terms of efficiency, transient response, emissions, system and cost optimization, and tools to evaluate various concepts before engine build thus leading to significant reduction in development time and cost.