bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and validation of major QTLs associated with low seed coat deficiency of natto soybean seeds (Glycine max L.)
Authors: Zhu Qian , Escamilla Diana M. , Wu Xingbo , Song Qijian , Li Song , Rosso M. Luciana , Lord Nilanka , Xie Futi , Zhang Bo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Key message
Two major QTLs associated with low seed coat deficiency of soybean seeds were identified in two biparental populations, and three SNP markers were validated to assist low-SCD natto soybean breeding selection.

Abstract
Soybean seed coat deficiency (SCD), known as seed coat cracking during soaking in the natto production process, is problematic because split or broken beans clog production lines and increases production costs. Development of natto soybean cultivars with low SCD is crucial to support the growth of the natto industry. Unfortunately, information on the genetic control of SCD in soybean, which is desperately needed to facilitate breeding selection, remains sparse. In this study, two F2 populations derived from V11-0883 × V12-1626 (Pop 1) and V11-0883 × V12-1885 (Pop 2) were developed and genotyped with BARCSoySNP6K Beadchips and F2-derived lines were evaluated for SCD in three consecutive years (2016–2018) in order to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with low SCD in soybean. A total of 17 QTLs underlying SCD were identified in two populations. Among these, two major and stable QTLs, qSCD15 on chromosome 15 and qSCD20 on chromosome 20, were detected across multiple years. These QTLs explained up to 30.3% of the phenotypic variation for SCD in Pop 1 and 6.1% in Pop 2 across years. Three SNP markers associated with the qSCD20 were validated in additional four biparental populations. The average selection efficiency of low-SCD soybean was 77% based on two tightly linked markers, Gm20_34626867 and Gm20_34942502, and 64% based on the marker Gm20_35625615. The novel and stable QTLs identified in this study will facilitate elucidation of the genetic mechanism controlling SCD in soybean, and the markers will significantly accelerate breeding for low-SCD soybean through marker-assisted selection.
Artificial intelligence in cyber physical systems
Authors: Radanliev Petar , De Roure David , Van Kleek Max , Santos Omar , Ani Uchenna 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article conducts a literature review of current and future challenges in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in cyber physical systems. The literature review is focused on identifying a conceptual framework for increasing resilience with AI through automation supporting both, a technical and human level. The methodology applied resembled a literature review and taxonomic analysis of complex internet of things (IoT) interconnected and coupled cyber physical systems. There is an increased attention on propositions on models, infrastructures and frameworks of IoT in both academic and technical papers. These reports and publications frequently represent a juxtaposition of other related systems and technologies (e.g. Industrial Internet of Things, Cyber Physical Systems, Industry 4.0 etc.). We review academic and industry papers published between 2010 and 2020. The results determine a new hierarchical cascading conceptual framework for analysing the evolution of AI decision-making in cyber physical systems. We argue that such evolution is inevitable and autonomous because of the increased integration of connected devices (IoT) in cyber physical systems. To support this argument, taxonomic methodology is adapted and applied for transparency and justifications of concepts selection decisions through building summary maps that are applied for designing the hierarchical cascading conceptual framework.
Processing of raspberries to dried fruit foam: impact on major odorants
Authors: Lang Silvia , Ozcelik Mine , Kulozik Ulrich , Steinhaus Martin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractApplication of an aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) to the volatiles isolated from raspberry fruits by solvent extraction and solvent-assisted flavour evaporation (SAFE) resulted in 40 odour-active compounds with flavour dilution (FD) factors between 1 and 4096. Among the most potent odorants were violet-like smelling β-ionone (FD factor 4096), fruity smelling methyl 3-methylbutanoate (1024), baked-apple-like smelling β-damascenone (1024), raspberry-like smelling raspberry ketone (128), and floral, raspberry-like smelling α-ionone (64). These five odorants were subsequently monitored during processing of raspberry fruits to freeze-dried fruit foam. Major losses occurred during separation of the pulp from the seeds and during the final freeze-drying step. It was shown that the pulp fraction directly adherent to the seeds contained higher odorant concentrations than the outer parts of the pulp, thus losses associated with the removal of the seeds can be minimised by increasing the efficiency of the separation. Losses associated with the freeze-drying process could be reduced using microwave-assisted freeze drying instead of conventional freeze drying. Higher amounts of potato protein and maltodextrin used as foaming agent and foam stabiliser, respectively, reduced the odorant recoveries in the dried foams. Only a small part of the odorants not recovered in the dried fruit foams was found in the condensate.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy alters the balance of effector to suppressor immune cells in advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Leary Alexandra , Genestie Catherine , Blanc-Durand Félix , Gouy Sébastien , Dunant Ariane , Maulard Amandine , Drusch Françoise , Cheaib Bianca , Michels Judith , Bentivegna Enrica , LeFormal Audrey , Mesnage Soizick , Morice Philippe , Pautier Patricia , Khairallah Aya S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

At diagnosis, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are prognostic in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We recently demonstrated that neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) significantly increased stromal TILs. Here, we investigated the impact of NACT on immune subpopulations with a particular focus on the balance of immune-reactive to tolerant subpopulations.

Materials and methods

Tissue microarrays of EOC (145 pre-NACT, 139 post-NACT) were analyzed for CD3+, CD8+, FOXP3+, CD68+, and CD163+ by immunohistochemistry and CD4+ cells from deduction. Stromal TILs scored as percentage of stromal area, while intra-epithelial TILs scored as number of TILs in contact with tumor cells/HPF. Differences were evaluated by Wilcoxon or Chi square tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank for paired analyses, and cox model for PFS and OS.

Results
NACT significantly increased stromal CD3+ (p = 0.003) and CD8+ (p = 0.001) and intra-epithelial CD8+ (p = 0.022) and CD68+ (p = 0.0003) infiltration in unmatched samples and among paired samples for stromal CD3+ and CD8+. Neither CD3+, CD8+, CD4+, and CD68+ nor CD163+ expression correlated with outcome at diagnosis or post NACT. Using median value as a cut-off, high stromal CD8+/FOXP3+ ratio (HR = 0.59; p = 0.017) and high stromal CD3+/FOXP3+ ratio post NACT were associated with prolonged PFS (p = 0.0226). The more the balance shifted in favor of effector versus regulatory TILs, the better the survival. Similarly, high CD68+/CD163+ ratio post NACT improved PFS (p = 0.0445).

Conclusion
NACT has a significant impact on the balance of immune-reactive to immune-tolerant subpopulations and a high ratio of CD8+/FOXP3+, CD3+/FOXP3+, and CD68+/CD163+ post NACT was significantly associated with improved outcomes. Whether this could select patients for immunotherapy in the post-operative setting should be investigated.
The recovery of touch DNA from RDX-C4 evidences
Authors: Al-Snan Noora R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRDX (Royal Demolition Explosive) is the organic compound with the formula (O2NNCH2)3. It is a white solid material without smell or taste, widely used as an explosive. It is more energetic explosive than TNT, and it was used widely in World War II. The estimated number of RDX-C4 cases in Bahrain ranged between the years 2015–2018 (May) with a total quantity of 370.72 KG in a total number of 38 cases. The effect of explosive RDX-C4 is very massive and can cause many causalities and fatalities among civilians and policemen. These cases consisted of adhesive film with tapes wrapped around RDX-C4 substance (Demolition Charge M112), black batteries, pipes, black bag contained RDX-C4, and in magnetic improvised explosive device (IED). Touch DNA recovery utilized different collection methods, such as nylon swabbing, tape lifting, and direct cutting of certain parts of the samples that were positive of RDX-C4 through DXR Raman Spectrometer. Samples were extracted and purified with magnetic beads chemistry and quantified. Low copy DNA extracts were subjected to a concentration step. DNA extracts were amplified and processed for detection to obtain reliable results using GlobalFiler Amplification PCR kit and run through ABI 3500xL Genetic Analyzer for fragment length determination. We have discovered that RDX-C4 cannot bind to the DNA nor to the solutions used in DNA typing. Thus, it does not cause DNA inhibition or degradation. From this point of view, we were successful in obtaining acceptable and fit results using advanced techniques. This study will be very useful and informative to assist the forensic community in terrorism case applications worldwide as terrorists do not respect geographical boundaries nor ethnicities of the victims, and the use of DNA profiling technology is the most suitable way to identify the terrorists and keep an end to their violence.
Definitive radiotherapy consisting of whole pelvic radiotherapy with no central shielding and CT-based intracavitary brachytherapy for cervical cancer: feasibility, toxicity, and oncologic outcomes in Japanese patients
Authors: Kusada Takeaki , Toita Takafumi , Ariga Takuro , Kudaka Wataru , Maemoto Hitoshi , Makino Wataru , Ishikawa Kazuki , Heianna Joichi , Nagai Yutaka , Aoki Yoichi , Murayama Sadayuki 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
This prospective study investigated the feasibility, toxicity, and oncologic outcomes of definitive radiotherapy (RT) consisting of whole pelvic radiotherapy with no central shielding (noCS-WPRT) and CT-based intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) in Japanese patients with cervical cancer.

Methods
Patients with cervical cancer of FIGO stages IB1–IVA were eligible. The treatment protocol consisted of noCS-WPRT of 45 Gy in 25 fractions and CT-based high dose-rate ICBT of 15 or 20 Gy in 3 or 4 fractions prescribed at point A. The prescribed ICBT dose was decreased if the manual dwell time/position optimization failed to meet organs-at-risk constraints. Graphical optimization and additional interstitial needles were not applied.

Results
We enrolled 40 patients. FIGO stages were IB1: 11, IB2: 13, IIA2: 1, IIB: 11, IIIB: 3, and IVA: 1. Median (range) pretreatment tumor diameter was 47 (14–81) mm. Point A doses were decreased in 19 of 153 ICBT sessions (12%). The median follow-up duration was 33 months. The 2-year rates of pelvic control, local control (LC), and progression-free survival were 83%, 85%, and 75%, respectively. Pre-ICBT tumor diameter, high-risk clinical target volume (HR-CTV), total HR-CTV D90, and overall treatment time (OTT) significantly affected LC. Late adverse events (grade ≥ 3) were observed in 3 patients (2 in the bladder, 1 in the rectum).

Conclusions
Definitive RT consisting of noCS-WPRT and CT-based ICBT was feasible for Japanese patients with cervical cancer. To further improve LC, additional interstitial needles for patients with a large HR-CTV and shorter OTT should be considered.
Generating design knowledge for blockchain-based access control to personal health records
Authors: Meier Pascal , Beinke Jan Heinrich , Fitte Christian , Schulte to Brinke Jan , Teuteberg Frank 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the course of digitization in healthcare, personal health records (PHRs) are handled as a key solution. Despite the indisputable benefits, the adoption of PHRs is hampered by data security and data privacy concerns. Blockchain technology offers promising potential to address these issues by enabling secure transactions of sensitive data. With regards to PHRs, the blockchain can be used to manage the access to health-related data. Besides existing generic PHR architectures, we systematically identified issues for the healthcare sector that need to be considered for the development of a PHR. We subsequently derived eight meta-requirements that were consolidated into three design principles. Within a 1-year design science research project, we developed the blockchain-secured PHR prototype, OSHealthRec, and evaluated the system in four evaluation cycles. The findings of our research are twofold. On the one hand, we contribute to the design knowledge base by presenting three design principles. On the other hand, we present the development of a real, operational blockchain-secured PHR and the findings from its continuous evaluation, which may serve as useful advice for further solutions.
Genetic sensor-regulators functional in Clostridia
Authors: Han SongI , Kim Younghwan , Karanjikar Mukund , San Ka-Yiu , Bennett George N 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study addressed the functionality of genetic circuits carrying natural regulatory elements of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 in the presence of the respective inducer molecules. Specifically, promoters and their regulators involved in diverse carbon source utilization were characterized using mCherryOpt or beta-galactosidase as a reporter. Consequently, most of the genetic circuits tested in this study were functional in Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 in the presence of an inducer, leading to the expression of reporter proteins. These genetic sensor-regulators were found to be transferable to another Clostridium species, such as Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052. The gradual expression of reporter protein was observed as a function of the carbohydrates of interest. A xylose-inducible promoter allows a titratable and robust expression of a reporter protein with stringency and efficacy. This xylose-inducible circuit was seen to enable induction of the expression of reporter proteins in the presence of actual sugar mixtures incorporated in woody hydrolysate wherein glucose and xylose are present as predominant carbon sources.
Impact of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) amplification on the prognosis of breast cancer patients
Authors: Erber Ramona , Rübner Matthias , Davenport Simon , Hauke Sven , Beckmann Matthias W. , Hartmann Arndt , Häberle Lothar , Gass Paul , Press Michael F. , Fasching Peter A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Various aberrations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor genes FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3 are found in different cancers, including breast cancer (BC). This study analyzed the impact of FGFR amplification on the BC prognosis.

Methods
The study included 894 BC patients. The amplification rates of FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3 were evaluated on tissue microarrays using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Associations between these parameters and prognosis were analyzed using multivariate Cox regression analyses.

Results
FGFR1 FISH was assessable in 503 samples, FGFR2 FISH in 447, and FGFR3 FISH in 562. The FGFR1 amplification rate was 6.6% (n = 33). Increased FGFR2 copy numbers were seen in 0.9% (n = 4); only one patient had FGFR3 amplification (0.2%). Most patients with FGFR1 amplification had luminal B-like tumors (69.7%, n = 23); only 32.6% (n = 153) of patients without FGFR1 amplification had luminal B-like BC. Other patient and tumor characteristics appeared similar between these two groups. Observed outcome differences between BC patients with and without FGFR1 amplification did not achieve statistical significance; however, there was a trend toward poorer distant metastasis-free survival in BC patients with FGFR1 amplification (HR = 2.08; 95% CI 0.98 to 4.39, P = 0.05).

Conclusion
FGFR1 amplification occurs most frequently in patients with luminal B-like BC. The study showed a nonsignificant correlation with the prognosis, probably due to the small sample size. Further research is therefore needed to address the role of FGFR1 amplifications in early BC patients. FGFR2 and FGFR3 amplifications are rare in patients with primary BC.
Disproportionate mitral regurgitation: another myth? A critical appraisal of echocardiographic assessment of functional mitral regurgitation
Authors: Hagendorff Andreas , Knebel Fabian , Helfen Andreas , Stöbe Stephan , Doenst Torsten , Falk Volkmar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe contradictory findings of recent prospective randomized controlled trials assessing the impact of percutaneous edge-to-edge repair in patients with functional or secondary mitral regurgitation have triggered a lively discussion about an “integrated” echocardiographic approach for grading severity of mitral regurgitation. In the MITRA-FR trial, the COAPT trial and the REDUCE-FMR trial echocardiographic assessment of the severity of mitral regurgitation was consistent with principles set forth by the current echocardiographic guidelines and analysed in its best settings by expert international leaders in the field of echocardiography. However, serious inconsistencies appeared in the presented echocardiographic assessments regarding cardiac output and regurgitant fraction. A new term “disproportionate functional mitral regurgitation” was introduced describing a situation where the increase of effective regurgitant orifice area exceeds the enlargement of the left ventricular end-diastolic volumes. Further discussion resulted in the idea of a “new conceptional framework” for distinguishing “proportionate” and “disproportionate” functional mitral regurgitation. The aim of this viewpoint is to dispute conclusions based on the term “disproportionate” mitral regurgitation. A “disproportionate” FMR is highly questionable because disproportionateness of flow in communication vessels cannot exist. In addition, a proposal of echocardiographic assessment based on a conventional comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography is given to avoid obvious hemodynamic contradictions.
Case report: Unilateral optic nerve aplasia and developmental hemi-chiasmal dysplasia with VEP misrouting
Authors: Handley Sian E. , Marmoy Oliver R. , Gore Sri K. , Mankad Kshitij , Thompson Dorothy A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To describe the trans-occipital asymmetries of pattern and flash visual evoked potentials (VEPs), in an infant with MRI findings of unilateral optic nerve aplasia and hemi-chiasm dysplasia.

Methods
A child with suspected left cystic microphthalmia, left microcornea, left unilateral optic nerve aplasia, and hemi-chiasm underwent a multi-channel VEP assessment with pattern reversal, pattern onset, and flash stimulation at the age of 16 weeks.

Results
There was no VEP evidence of any post-retinal visual pathway activation from left eye with optic nerve aplasia. The VEP trans-occipital distribution from the functional right eye was skewed markedly across the midline, in keeping with significant misrouting of optic nerve fibres at the chiasm. This was supported by the anatomical trajectory of the optic chiasm and tracts seen on MRI.

Conclusion
This infant has chiasmal misrouting in association with unilateral optic nerve aplasia and unilateral microphthalmos. Chiasmal misrouting has not been found in patients with microphthalmos or anophthalmos, but has been reported after early eye loss in animal models. Our findings contribute to our understanding of the discrepancy between the visual pathway physiology of human unilateral microphthalmia and animal models.
Reaction of clubroot-resistant genotypes of Brassica rapa, Brassica napus and Brassica oleracea to Polish Plasmodiophora brassicae pathotypes in laboratory tests
Authors: Czajka Agnieszka , Markiewicz Monika , Kowalska Beata , Smolińska Urszula 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Brassica genotypes selected for the experiments were previously found to be resistant to various Plasmodiophora brassicae pathotypes (Pb). Their interaction with pathotypes Pb2, Pb3 and Pb9 isolated in Poland was studied, using macroscopic observation for the presence of root galls, microscopic observations of P. brassicae plasmodia in the root hairs and quantitative PCR for determination of the pathogen’s quantity in plant roots and growing media. Of the Brassica genotypes studied, only B. rapa var. capitata line AABBcc was fully resistant to all the Polish pathotypes of P. brassicae. Some of the other “clubroot-resistant” genotypes tested were resistant to selected pathotypes, e.g. Brassica napus var. rapifera ‘Wilhelmsburger’ to Pb 2 and Pb3, Brassica oleracea var. capitata ‘Kilaton F1’ to Pb2 and Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis ‘Bilko F1’ to Pb3, but were susceptible to others. B. oleracea var. capitata ‘Bindsachsener’, B. oleracea var. acephala subvar. lacinata ‘Verheul’ and B. napus var. napus ‘Mendel F1’ were moderately to highly susceptible to all Polish P. brassicae pathotypes. These results show that the classification of virulence of P. brassicae pathotypes selected in various areas differs significantly toward the same Brasssica genotypes and puts in question the practical value of pathotype classification determined with differential sets for farmers and plant breeders. Our results showed that B. rapa var. capitata AABBcc line, B. napus var. rapifera ‘Wilhelmsburger’, B. oleracea var. capitata ‘Kilaton F1’, B. rapa subsp. pekinensis ‘Bilko F1’ could be considered in Brassica breeding programmes as a source of resistance to Polish P. brassicae isolates.
Cognitive sophistication and deliberation times
Authors: Alós-Ferrer Carlos , Buckenmaier Johannes 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDifferences in cognitive sophistication and effort are at the root of behavioral heterogeneity in economics. To explain this heterogeneity, behavioral models assume that certain choices indicate higher cognitive effort. A fundamental problem with this approach is that observing a choice does not reveal how the choice is made, and hence choice data is insufficient to establish the link between cognitive effort and behavior. We show that deliberation times provide an individually-measurable correlate of cognitive effort. We test a model of heterogeneous cognitive depth, incorporating stylized facts from the psychophysical literature, which makes predictions on the relation between choices, cognitive effort, incentives, and deliberation times. We confirm the predicted relations experimentally in different kinds of games.
Brief Report: Parent Perspectives on Sensory-Based Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Peña Moira , Ng Yvonne , Ripat Jacquie , Anagnostou Evdokia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSensory-Based Interventions (SBIs) are often recommended to enable function/participation in children with ASD. Still, there are limited studies to evaluate their effectiveness. Acceptability studies are an important step towards establishing effective interventions. We examined parents' perceptions of the uptake and acceptability of such interventions. An online survey was sent to 399 families; response rate was 39%. The most frequently therapist-recommended interventions were trampoline (54.6%), massage (47.8%), and oral-motor tools (43.8%). Highest use was reported for massage (96.3%), trampoline (89.2%) and joint compressions and brushing (89.2%). The majority of parents viewed these interventions to be very important /important, (74.8%) but barriers to their use were identified. High acceptability of SBIs was reported by parents of children with ASD.