bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Application of a New Triaxial Testing System for Subzero Rocks
Authors: Bai Yao , Shan Ren-Liang , Wu Yong-Xin , Sun Peng-Fei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
To face the challenges of coal production today, the mechanical behaviors of rock in subzero and disturbed environments are critical in the geomechanics of coal mining and artificial freezing engineering. Disturbances significantly affect the long-term mechanical properties and nonlinear viscoelastic-plastic deformation characteristics of frozen soft rock. This article summarizes current rock triaxial test systems, which cannot concurrently solve the problems of subzero temperatures, creep, disturbance, and high sampling rates. Based on existing equipment limitations and the current research aims, an innovative, applicable, and scalable measurement/control system based on National Instruments hardware is integrated into LabVIEW to design and construct a new triaxial testing system capable of achieving both dynamic disturbances and subzero temperatures. The testing system can produce a basic environment with confining pressures up to 30 MPa, axial forces up to 500 kN, and lowest temperatures of −30°C. The system has a 51.2 kS/s sampling using 5-channel closed-loop control. By changing the transfer valve between the supercharger and the servo valve, both conventional triaxial compression and creep tests can be carried out. The triaxial creep tests are performed on frozen rock specimens under step loading and graded disturbances to analyze the creep deformation characteristics and failure modes of the specimens. The results show that at low stress levels, the disturbance load closes and reorganizes microcracks in the rock specimens, reducing the specimen deformation rate. With increasing stress levels or disturbance intensities, the specimen cracks expand rapidly, the creep rate increases, the disturbance energy stored in the rock specimen releases, and the specimens rapidly fail. Therefore, this disturbance creep phenomenon must be considered, and timely support should be provided for exposed frozen rock wall to guarantee construction safety. Moreover, the test results also verify that the design of the new testing system is reliable, feasible, and useful.
Theoretical Calculation and Test of Mechanical Properties of Mobile Flood Protection Wall
Authors: Zhou Kaiyang , Lei Dong , He Jintao , Zhang Pei , Bai Pengxiang , Zhu Feipeng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWith global climate change, a growing number of countries and regions will have large flood disasters. Therefore, an effective and environmental protection waterproof system is essential. The mobile flood protection wall not only has the flood control capacity comparable to the traditional flood control system but also has a better landscape effect that can meet the needs of residents. However, the mobile flood protection wall presently lacks the basis of practical application and theoretical calculation. Therefore, this paper provides a theoretical calculation method for strains and stresses on a mobile flood protection wall and carries out a real test to verify the reliability of the theoretical calculation. A test pool was built to obtain the data of the strain of the mobile flood protection experiments and reflections on the risk wall during the impoundment process by strain gauge and data acquisition instrument. Through the theoretical calculation method provided in this paper, the actual test conditions are calculated, and the results obtained in the test are mutually validated. The test validates that the mobile flood protection wall is reliable in practical engineering, and the proposed calculation method can be applied to the mobile flood protection wall.
Presenting features and molecular genetics of primary hyperparathyroidism in the paediatric population
Authors: El Allali Yasmine , Hermetet Coralie , Bacchetta Justine , Amouroux Cyril , Rothenbuhler Anya , Porquet-Bordes Valérie , Champigny Marie-Alexandrine , Baron Sabine , Barat Pascal , Bony-Trifunovic Hélène , Bourdet Karine , Busiah Kanetee , Cartigny-Maciejewski Maryse , Compain Florence , Coutant Régis , Amsellem-Jager Jessica , De Kerdanet Marc , Magontier Nathalie , Mignot Brigitte , Richard Odile , Rossignol Sylvie , Soskin Sylvie , Berot Aurélie , Naud-Saudreau Catherine , Salles Jean-Pierre , Linglart Agnès , Edouard Thomas , Lienhardt-Roussie Anne 
Published: December 2020

Aim
To describe the presenting features and molecular genetics of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in the paediatric population.

Methods
Retrospective study of 63 children diagnosed with primary PHPT from 1998 to 2018.

Results
Compared to older children, infants were often asymptomatic (54% vs 15%, P = 0.002) with a milder form of PHPT. When symptomatic, children and adolescents mostly presented with non-specific complaints such as asthenia, depression, weight loss, vomiting or abdominal pain. A genetic cause of PHPT was identified in about half of this cohort (52%). The infancy period was almost exclusively associated with mutation in genes involved in the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) signalling pathway (i.e. CaSR and AP2S1 genes, ‘CaSR group’; 94% of infants with mutations) whereas childhood and adolescence were associated with mutation in genes involved in parathyroid cell proliferation (i.e. MEN1, CDC73, CDKN1B and RET genes, ‘cell proliferation group’; 69% of children and adolescents with mutations). Although serum calcium levels did not differ between the two groups (P = 0.785), serum PTH levels and the urinary calcium/creatinine ratio were significantly higher in ‘cell proliferation group’ patients compared to those in the ‘CaSR group’ (P = 0.001 and 0.028, respectively).

Conclusion
Although far less common than in adults, PHPT can develop in children and is associated with significant morbidity. Consequently, this diagnosis should be considered in children with non-specific complaints and lead to monitoring of mineral homeostasis parameters. A genetic cause of PHPT can be identified in about half of these patients.
Travmatik Yaşantının Trafik Cezalarına Etkisi: Alkollüyken Araç Kullanan Sürücüler Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Yeşil Aslı , Demircan Yusuf Tunç , Aker Ahmet Tamer 
Published: December 2020

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of traumatic experiences of drivers who are driving with alcohol and to determine traffic punishment information. In addition to investigate the relationship between traumatic history and criminal information.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with 295 participants who participant in Driver Behaviour Development Training Programme conducted by Bursa Health Directorate between November 2015 and June 2016. Driver Information Form which was include demographic and traumatic life event information were used to obtain the data. In addition, driver’s license criminal information was requested from the Police Department with official letter.
Results: The mean age of the drivers was 40.47±9.48. Of the cases, 11.2% (n:33) had a life-threatening illness or injury, 10.8% (n:32) had having a serious accident or injured, 9.5 % (n:28) having had threated physical violance or weapons. Of the cases, 21.4 % (n: 63) who was lost by accident, murder or suicide one of the family member (lover, spouse, or very close friend), 6.1% (n:18) stated that had been threatened with death or serious injury. It was found that drivers most frequently contravened article 34 with 46.9 % and then contravened article 45.8 % with 51/2-A, 38.2 % eith 78/1-A, and 30.2% with 118/7.
Conclusion: In this study conducted with drivers who had a history of driving under effect of alcohol, significant relationship was found between lifelong traumatic history and traffic controventions.
Keywords: Forensic Sciences; Traumatic Life Events; Crime
Designing, implementation and evaluation of professionalism course for Obstetrics and Gyneocology assistants
Authors: Pirjani Reihaneh , Rabiei Maryam , Asghari Fariba , Noorzadeh Maryam , Alipour Sadaf , Gholozadeh Mariya , Soori Tahereh , Alyasin Ashraf 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Since professionalism is one of the most essential competencies for all physician, we launched this project between October 2017 and May 2019 with the aim of developing a professionalism curriculum for obstetrics and gynaecologic assistants.
Methods: The course was designed based on the Kern’s model. To implement this project, both independent methods such as Professional Commitment Workshop and Integration strategy such as dedicating two Morning Report Sessions monthly to professionalismwere used.
Result: For evaluating the course, we used Kirk Patrick model. According to the first level of the pyramid, based on a survey, some changes were made in programs.In the second level of the pyramid, according to the predetermined goals, pre and post-coarse test was held andthe average score of the residents increased from 13.16 to 17.47.At the third level of the pyramid: based on the questions asked from hospitalized patients, According to the third level of the pyramid, at the beginning and end of the course,the opinions of hospitalized patients, hospital staff, senior and lower year residents towards each other and professors towards residents were measured using a questionnaire that showed improvement of residents' behavior occurred in all indicators. At the fourth level of the pyramid, patients' complaints were relatively decreased.
Conclusion: The project was launched to design, implement and evaluate professional commitment courses. The positive effects of this course on the professional behavior of residents were observed at all levels of the Kirk Patrick pyramid.
Students' perspectives in relation to academic counseling in the university: A qualitative study using Content analysis
Authors: Rezapur-Shahkolai F , Salimi N , Ezzati Rastgar Kh , Gheysvandi E , Parsa P , Dogonchi M 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Proper counseling are very important to improve the quality of life and progress in society, especially in educational centers. The present qualitative study was designed and implemented according to the importance of deep students' opinions to improve the counseling process.
Methods: This present study was a qualitative study which was conducted using Content analysis. Participants in this study were 30 students who were selected through purposive sampling, with maximum diversity. In this study, data were obtained using semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using Conventional content analysis.
Result: From the students' point of view, the challenges facing academic counseling included two main themes, four main categories and seven sub-categories. Main themes included “need to improve the organizational factors related to consulling process” and “need to improve the individual factorsamong faculty members and student” and the main categories included lack of proper information to the student, unavailability of consultant faculty members, to select consultant faculty members without considering a student opinion and to be improper the communication between consultant faculty members and student. Regarding the facilitators of the counseling process, one main theme (strengthening the organizational factors related to consulling process), three main categories and four sub-categories were obtained. The main categories included the separation of the counselor from the faculty members, empowerment of the counselors and student’s freedom to choose a counselor.
Conclusion: The results of the present study show that the process of academic counseling in the university faces organizational and individual challenges such as lack of proper information to the student, unavailability of consultant faculty members, to select consultant faculty members without considering the students opinion, and to be improper the communication between consultant faculty members and students. Based on the students' views, it seems that by separation of the counselor from the faculty members, empowerment of the counselors and student’s freedom to choose a counselor, the academic counseling process in the university can be improved.
El diálogo en la implementación de normas de RSE como promotor del ejercicio adecuado de derechos: un enfoque a partir de la ética del discurso de Jürgen Habermas
Authors: Zambrano Chavez Gustavo Arturo 
Published: December 2020

El autor a manera de ensayo parte de la ética práctica y la teoría del Derecho, presenta las premisas más importantes acerca de lo que es la RSE a partir del enfoque de la teoría de los grupos de interés; con interés en las comunidades locales; además, trata de explicar las razones que justifican por qué las empresas—en especial las extractivas— poseen responsabilidades sociales, exponiendo las críticas más resaltantes contra el enfoque de la RSE y cómo tales argumentaciones adolecen de inconvenientes en su fundamentación Propone comprender la RSE a partir de la importancia del diálogo entendido desde la teoría de la ética discursiva de Jürgen Habermas, plantea la propuesta que tratará de demostrar que el enfoque habermasiano de diálogo en la RSE consolida el debido ejercicio.
Responsabilidad social y política ambiental: complementariedades y retos
Authors: Pulgar Vidal Manuel 
Published: December 2020

Analiza los conceptos de Responsabilidad Social y Política ambiental a partir de las siguientes preguntas ¿Basta cumplir la ley ambiental para ser socialmente responsable?, ¿es suficiente ser socialmente responsable para tener una conducta ambientalmente correcta?, ¿una estrategia de responsabilidad social conduce al desarrollo sostenible?
KAJIAN IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK-PAIR-SHARE (TPS) TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Pandi Dian Oktavia , Yogaswara Radite , Murtihapsari Murtihapsari 
Published: December 2020

Model cooperative learning tipe think-pair-share dapat menilai hasil belajar siswa yang melibatkan peserta didik secara optimal dalam proses pembelajaran dimulai dari merencanakan topik-topik yang akan dipelajari, mendiskusikan topik suatu materi, hingga melakukan presentasi kelompok dan evaluasi. Jenis model pembelajaran dapat dilakukan secara eksperimen semu (Quasi-Eksperimental) dengan posttest-only control group design. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen berupa lembar observasi dan tes hasil belajar siswa.
Special Issue on Real World Robot Challenge in Tsukuba and Osaka
Authors: Date Hisashi , Takubo Tomohito 
Published: December 2020

The Tsukuba Challenge is an open experiment of autonomous mobile robots in the real world. In its third stage since 2018, it is now to be held on a new course that starts at the Tsukuba City Hall. New tasks that require functions expected for autonomous travel in the real world have now been added, including passing checkpoints announced a day before the event, starting two vehicles simultaneously, traveling in an unmeasured environment, and strictly observing stop lines in the course. Also, in the spirit of the Tsukuba Challenge, the Nakanoshima Challenge, an open demonstration experiment project, has been held in the city of Osaka since 2018. As the only event in which autonomous mobile robots travel in the urban area of Osaka, the Nakanoshima Challenge is expected to identify new issues peculiar to autonomous navigation in real urban environments and to find solutions to them.
This special issue includes a review paper on the Tsukuba Challenge, four research papers on the results of experiments done in the Tsukuba Challenge, four research papers related to the Nakanoshima Challenge, and three development reports. This special issue provides its readers with the frontline issues and the current status of development of autonomous mobile robots in real-world environments. We hope that the innovative efforts presented in this special issue will contribute to the development of science and industry.
Optimizing Return to Play for Common and Controversial Foot and Ankle Sports Injuries
Authors: Allahabadi Sachin , Amendola Annunziato , Lau Brian C. 
Published: December 2020

» Surgical decision-making should consider factors to help optimize return to play for athletes with foot and ankle injuries, including injuries to the syndesmosis, the Achilles tendon, the fifth metatarsal, and the Lisfranc complex. Understanding influential factors on return to play may help orthopaedic surgeons counsel athletes and coaches on expectations for a timeline to return to play and performance metrics.» Outcomes after rigid and flexible fixation for syndesmotic injuries are generally favorable. Some data support an earlier return to sport and higher functional scores with flexible fixation, in addition to lower rates of reoperation and a decreased incidence of malreduction, particularly with deltoid repair, if indicated.» Minimally invasive techniques for Achilles tendon repair have been shown to have a decreased risk of wound complications. Athletes undergoing Achilles repair should expect to miss a full season of play to recover.» Athletes with fifth metatarsal fractures have better return-to-play outcomes with surgical management and can expect a high return-to-play rate within approximately 3 months of surgery.» Percutaneous treatment of Lisfranc injuries may expedite return to play relative to open procedures.
Treatment Algorithm for Surgical Site Infections Following Extensor Mechanism Repair
Authors: Taleghani Eric R. , Thompson Stephen R. , Yarboro Seth R. , Schaller Thomas M. , Miller Mark D. 
Published: December 2020

» Despite general agreement regarding techniques for extensor mechanism repair, there is very limited guidance in the literature for the management of surgical site infections (SSIs) that may occur after these procedures.» Early or mild superficial SSIs, such as cellulitis, can be managed on an outpatient basis while monitoring for improvement, with escalated intervention if the symptoms do not resolve within 1 week.» Deep SSIs should be managed more aggressively with surgical irrigation and debridement (I&D), including the knee joint, depending on the results of the aspiration, removal of all braided nonabsorbable suture (if necessary) with immediate or delayed exchange with monofilament suture, and the administration of parenteral antibiotics based on culture results and an infectious disease consult.» Arthrocentesis should be performed early to monitor for the spread of infection to the joint space, and diagnosis of a septic knee joint should be immediately followed by arthroscopic or open I&D.» For refractory cases (i.e., wound coverage issues or persistent infections despite multiple attempts at debridement), a consult with a plastic surgeon for consideration of a gastrocnemius flap is recommended, and surgeons should remain suspicious of the possibility of the contiguous spread of osteomyelitis.
Discharge capacity of shaft spillway with a polygonal section: a case study of Djedra dam (East Algeria)
Authors: Djillali Kahlerras , Abderrezak Brakeni , Petrovic Gouryev Alim , Sourenevna Beglarova Evelina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes a new design for the shaft spillway of the Djedra dam (East Algeria). The procedure consists of replacing the circular section with a polygonal configuration of twelve (12) sections. The study of the model was divided into five different versions according to the variants of technical modifications of the water intake funnel; this configuration was tested on a hydraulic model in the laboratory of hydroelectric power plants of the Moscow State University of Environmental Engineering. The use of the polygonal section weir can greatly simplify the formwork of the structure, also the free entry funnel increases the discharge coefficient by 20%, without exposing the head of the weir to the risk of cavitation. In the event of submersion, the adopted design can ensure the crossing of an estimated relative flow with a probability of P = 0.01%, which means reducing the height of the dam by 0.68 m, and thus making the hydraulic structure more efficient economically and more reliable. The experimental model was produced on a 1:60 scale of the prototype, which guarantees self-simulation of the hydraulic phenomena of the Djedra dam, and its final design is judged to be hydraulically satisfactory and recommended for construction.
Drought occurrence under future climate change scenarios in the Zard River basin, Iran
Authors: Mahdavi Pedram , Kharazi Hossein Ghorbanizadeh , Eslami Hossein , Zohrabi Narges , Razaz Majid 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Global warming affected by human activities causes changes in the regime of rivers. Rivers are one of the most vital sources that supply fresh water. Therefore, management, planning, and proper use of rivers will be crucial for future climate change conditions. This study investigated the monitoring of hydrological drought in a future period to examine the impact of climate change on the discharging flow of the Zard River basin in Iran. Zard River is an important supplier of fresh and agricultural water in a vast area of Khuzestan province in Iran. A continuous rainfall-runoff model based on Soil Moisture Accounting (SMA) algorithm was applied to simulate the discharge flow under 10 scenarios (obtained from LARS-WG.6 software) of future climate change. Then, the Stream-flow Drought Index (SDI) and the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) were calculated for each climate change scenario for the future period (2041–2060). The results of the meteorological drought assessment showed that near normal and moderate droughts had higher proportions among other drought conditions. Moreover, the hydrological drought assessment showed the occurrence of two new droughts (severe and extreme) conditions for the future period (2041–2060) that has never happened in the past (1997–2016).
Effect of sewage sampling frequency on determination of design parameters for municipal wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Gehring T. , Deineko E. , Hobus I. , Kolisch G. , Lübken M. , Wichern M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The uncertainty associated with the determination of load parameters, which is a key step in the design of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), was investigated on the basis of data sets from 58 WWTPs. A further analysed aspect was the organic load variations associated with variable sewage temperatures. Data from 26 WWTPs with a high inflow sampling frequency was used to simulate scenarios to investigate the effect of lower sampling frequencies through a Monte Carlo approach. The calculation of 85-percentile values for chemical oxygen demand (COD) loadings based on only 26 samples per year is associated with a variability of up to ±18%. Approximately 90 samples per year will be necessary to reduce this uncertainty for estimation of COD loadings below 10%. Hence, a low sampling frequency can potentially lead to under- or overestimation of design parameters. Through an analogous approach, it was possible to identify uncertainties of ±11% in COD loading when weekly average data was used with four samples per week. Finally, a tendency to lower COD input loads with increasing temperatures was identified, with a reduction of about 1% of the average loading per degree Celsius.