bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Nordic Keyhole and Nutri-Score for assessment of nutritional quality of plant-based dairy analogues
Authors: Moshtaghian Hanieh , Hallström Elinor , Bianchi Marta , Bryngelsson Susanne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Public interest in plant-based dairy analogues is increasing; thus, their assessment by front-of-pack nutrition labelling schemes such as Keyhole and Nutri-Score can facilitate the identification of products with optimal nutritional quality. In this study, Keyhole and the latest version of Nutri-Score criteria were applied to plant-based dairy analogues (i.e., milk, yoghurt, cheese, cream, fat spread, and ice cream analogues) in the Swedish market to evaluate their nutritional quality.

Methods
Nutritional data for 222 plant-based dairy analogues were collected from food manufacturers’ websites, and the eligibility of these analogues for Keyhole and Nutri-Score (A to E) were assessed. Products eligible for Keyhole and Nutri-Score A or B were deemed to have optimal nutritional quality.

Results
16% of plant-based milk analogues (from oat-, almond-, rice-, and potato-based products), 2% of plant-based yoghurt analogues and 37% of plant-based fat spread analogues were eligible for Keyhole. The plant-based cheese, cream and ice cream analogues were ineligible for Keyhole. None of the plant-based milk analogues qualified for Nutri-Score A, and 45% (mainly soy-, almond-, coconut-, pea- and mixed-based products) qualified for Nutri-Score B. 68% of plant-based yoghurt analogues (from oat-, soy-, almond- and mixed-based products) qualified for Nutri-Score A or B. The plant-based cheese, fat spread and ice cream analogues were ineligible for Nutri-Score A or B and 32% of plant-based cream analogues qualified for Nutri-Score B. A higher percentage of organic milk analogues and a lower percentage of organic yoghurt analogues were eligible for Keyhole and Nutri-Score A or B compared to their non-organic varieties. Keyhole and Nutri-Score had an agreement on classifying two plant-based dairy analogues as optimal nutritional quality products and 133 plant-based dairy analogues as suboptimal.

Conclusions
There is variability in the eligibility of plant-based dairy analogues for Keyhole and Nutri-Score labelling. Eligibility for Keyhole was highest among plant-based fat spread analogues, while Nutri-Score A and B ratings were more common for plant-based yoghurt analogues. Plant-based cheese and ice cream analogues were ineligible for Keyhole and Nutri-Score A or B. Since the micronutrient content of organic and non-organic plant-based dairy analogues did not affect their evaluation by Keyhole and Nutri-Score, this limitation warrants further consideration.
Aspiration level, probability of success, and stock returns: an empirical test
Authors: Neszveda Gábor 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Decision-makers usually have an aspiration level, a target, or a benchmark they aim to achieve. This behavior can be rationalized within the expected utility framework, which incorporates the probability of success (achieving the aspiration level) as an important aspect of decision-making. Motivated by these theories, this study defines the probability of success as the number of days a firm’s return outperformed its benchmark in the portfolio formation month. This study uses portfolio-level and firm-level analyses, revealing an economically substantial and statistically significant relationship between the probability of success and expected stock returns, even after controlling for common risk factors and various characteristics. Additional analyses support the behavioral theory of the firm, which posits that firms act to achieve short-term aspiration levels.
High-resolution optical coherence tomography in pigmented choroidal lesions
Authors: Jaggi Damian , Aeberhard Shalin G. , Artemiev Dmitri , Zinkernagel Martin S. , Heussen Florian M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Evaluating High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography (HR-OCT) versus standard spectral domain OCT in pigmented choroidal lesions.

Methods
We screened a total of 40 subjects with pigmented choroidal lesions. Lesions were imaged on HR-OCT and standard OCT devices with and without enhanced depth imaging (EDI) mode. Images were graded for qualitative and quantitative aspects, like choriocapillaris compression and width, choroidal reflectivity and thickness, amongst others.

Results
32 of the 40 subjects could be included in the image analysis, the rest were excluded due to insufficient imaging. HR-OCT EDI mode allowed visualization of the posterior choroidal extent in 11 lesions (11/32 = 34.4%) versus in six (6/32; 18.8%), four (4/30; 13.3%), and five cases (5/30; 16.7%) in normal HR-OCT (n = 32), standard OCT (n = 30) and OCT EDI mode (n = 30), respectively, albeit not significantly different. Choriocapillaris compression was evident in 10 cases on HR-OCT and equally visible in all imaging modes. Mean choriocapillaris thickness ranged from 11.6 to 13.9 microns (SD range 3.84–4.33), and compressed choriocapillaris thickness similarly ranged from a mean of 7.1 to 7.8 microns (SD range 2.20–3.55). Image quality declined significantly towards the periphery in three out of four modes (p = 0.0077 to p = 0.29).

Conclusions
HR-OCT may provide better visibility of retinal and choroidal structures in pigmented choroidal lesions, although image quality is reduced in attempting to image peripheral lesions.

Translational relevance
The prototype HR-OCT offers insights into clinical features of pigmented choroidal lesions that are not apparent on conventional OCT imaging. This supports the development of HR-OCTolution OCT devices.
BIN1 inhibited tumor growth, metastasis and stemness by ALDH1/NOTCH pathway in bladder carcinoma
Authors: Chen Si-yu , Zhang Ya-long , Li Xiao-ran , Wang Ji-rong , Li Kun-peng , Wan Shun , Yang Jian-wei , Wang Hao , Cao Jin-long , Wang Chen-yang , Fan Xin-peng , Fu Sheng-jun , Ding Li-yun , Che Tuan-jie , Yang Li 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Bladder cancer (BLCA) represents one of the most prevalent urological malignancies worldwide. Bridging integrator 1 (BIN1), a well-characterized tumor suppressor that interacts with and inhibits oncogenic Myc transcription factors, has demonstrated crucial roles in various cancer types. However, its specific functions and underlying molecular mechanisms in BLCA development and progression remain poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the role of BIN1 in regulating BLCA cell proliferation, metastasis, and cancer stem cell properties.

Methods
Using urinary proteomics analysis, we identified BIN1 as a significantly dysregulated protein in BLCA. The clinical significance of BIN1 was further validated through comprehensive analyses of public databases. BIN1 expression levels defined distinct molecular and immunological subtypes of BLCA. Through proteomic profiling of BIN1-overexpressing UMUC3 cells and corresponding controls, we identified ALDH1 as a key downstream effector in the BIN1-regulated ALDH1/NOTCH signaling axis. We employed multiple experimental approaches, including Western blot analysis, quantitative RT-PCR, immunofluorescence staining, wound healing assays, transwell migration assays, colony formation assays, tumor sphere formation assays, flow cytometry, CCK8 proliferation assays, and cell transfection experiments.

Results
We observed significant downregulation of BIN1 in both BLCA tissues and cell lines compared to normal adjacent tissues and SV-HUC-1 cells, respectively. BIN1 overexpression inhibited cancer cell proliferation by promoting apoptosis and suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thereby reducing local invasion and distant metastasis. Additionally, BIN1 regulated cancer stem cell properties through modulation of ALDH1 expression, with NOTCH2 acting as a crucial downstream mediator of ALDH1 signaling.

Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate that BIN1 functions as a tumor suppressor in BLCA and suggest its potential utility as both a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for BLCA treatment.
A simple method for identifying the elementary units governing the mechanical properties in leather materials
Authors: Long Wenjun , Peng Liangqiong , Li Jiheng , Yu Yue , Zhang Wenhua 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Understanding the mechanical properties of leather is crucial for expanding its range of application, but the influence of collagen fibril bundles (FBs) remains unclear. In this study, 12 kinds of bovine leather were prepared with varying FB sizes using Cr(III), Zr(IV) and aldehyde as the crosslinking agents along with different fillers such as rapeseed oil phosphate, polyacrylic acid and their combination. The experimental results revealed that the tear strength of leather was affected by the crosslinking agents, which could be further adjusted by the filler. Accordingly, a simple method using mercury intrusion porosimetry has been proposed for determining the FB size based on the crack-bridging model. Specifically, the tear strength of leather showed a strong correlation with the FB radius where the strength increased with the decrease in FB radius. This indicated that FBs served as the elementary units contributing to loading strength. These findings may facilitate the development of cleaner technologies for fabricating high-performance leather through the regulation of FB size.

Graphical abstract
McMurray’s test is influenced by perimeniscal synovitis in degenerative meniscus tears
Authors: Jin Yong Jun , Park Jae-Young , Chung Jun Young , Noh Sujin , Yun Hee-Woong , Lim Sumin , Park Do Young 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
McMurray’s test is a useful physical examination in determining meniscus tears, yet its sensitivity is only 38–62%. Furthermore, the relationship between degenerative meniscus tears (DMT) and mechanical symptoms during McMurray’s test is not well defined. Perimeniscal synovitis occurs in osteoarthritic (OA) knees, inducing localized symptoms such as posterior knee pain in medial meniscus posterior horn DMTs. This study aimed to determine the relationship between McMurray’s test with medial meniscus DMT and perimeniscal synovitis in patients with knee OA.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 60 patients who underwent medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) with positive (n = 20) and negative (n = 40) preoperative McMurray’s tests. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), intraoperative gross morphology, and histological analysis of meniscus and synovium were evaluated to determine meniscal tears and perimeniscal synovitis. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were done to determine the effects of meniscus tears and synovitis on McMurray’s test results.

Results
Gross morphology of the medial meniscus (MM) showed 14 out of 20 torn menisci in the McMurray’s (+) group compared with 22 out of 40 in the (−) group, with no difference in meniscus tear severity among groups. The (+) group showed higher values of synovial thickness (p < 0.001) and area (p < 0.001) compared with the (−) group on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Histological analysis showed higher synovitis (p < 0.001) scores and expression of inflammatory markers [interleukin (IL)-1β (p < 0.001), IL-6 (p = 0.007), nerve growth factor (NGF) (p = 0.003), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (p < 0.001)] in the perimeniscal synovium of (+) group compared with the (−) group. Multivariable logistic analysis revealed that larger synovial area [odds ratio (OR) = 1.106, p = 0.008] and a higher histologic synovitis score (OR = 2.595, p = 0.011) were independently significant predictive factors for a positive McMurray’s test.

Conclusions
McMurray’s test may be influenced by perimeniscal synovitis in DMT patients. The clinical implications of our results may influence not only the interpretation of McMurray’s test but also the target tissue in treating mechanical symptoms related to meniscus tears.

Level of evidence
Level II.
Empowering future scientists: mentors employ various strategies to engage students in professional science disciplinary literacy practices
Authors: Minocha Trisha , Bhagatwala Tanya , Mirzoyan Gwendolyn , McDowell Gary , Fankhauser Sarah C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Peer-review and publication are important parts of the scientific enterprise, and research has shown that engaging students in such scholarly practices helps build their sense of belonging and scientific identity. Yet, these disciplinary literacy skills and professional practices are often part of the hidden curriculum of science research, thus excluding students and others from fully understanding ways in which scientific knowledge is constructed, refined, and disseminated even though students are participating in such activities. Secondary students are increasingly involved in scientific research projects that include authentic disciplinary literacy components such as research proposals, posters, videos, and scientific research papers. More and more, students are also engaging in professional practice of publishing their scientific research papers through dedicated secondary science journals. How teachers and other mentors support the development of professional disciplinary literacies in students is critical to understand as part of supporting more student participation in research. To this end, we used a mixed-methods study of interviews and surveys to examine the experience and conceptions of the mentors (teachers and professional scientists) who guided pre-college students through the writing and publication of their scientific research projects. Analyzing our data from a lens of cognitive apprenticeship, we find that mentors encourage independence by primarily employing the method of “exploration”. We also find that mentors have divergent views on the value of publication within science, versus for student scientists specifically. Our findings suggest that mentors could work to explicitly reveal their own thinking within science writing to provide more sequenced support for student scientists.
Use of metabolic imaging to monitor heterogeneity of tumour response following therapeutic mTORC1/2 pathway inhibition
Authors: Ling Stephanie , Dexter Alex , Race Alan M. , Sharma Shreya , Hamm Gregory , Polanska Urszula M. ,   Rosetta Consortium Cancer Research UK, Marshall John F. , Takats Zoltan , Brindle Kevin , Yuneva Mariia O. , Poulogiannis George , Campbell Andrew D. , Sansom Owen J. , Goodwin Richard J. A. , Bunch Josephine , Barry Simon T. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
The PI3K–mTOR–AKT pathway regulates tumour proliferation, gene expression and metabolism, but pathway inhibition induces heterogeneous feedback reactivation, limiting anti-tumour responses. Measuring heterogeneity of pathway inhibition in tissues using protein biomarker phosphorylation or location is challenging. An integrated multi-modal imaging workflow was developed to assess the heterogeneity of AZD2014 (mTORC1/2 inhibitor) response in a PTEN-null renal cancer model. Spatial responses of metabolite biomarkers were analysed by mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). Control and treated tumours were classified according to metabolite-defined regions enriched in control versus AZD2014-treated tumours, respectively. Noticeably, AZD2014-treated tumours retained regions similar to regions dominant in untreated tumours. Imaging mass cytometry analysis of protein biomarkers in ‘control-like’ regions following AZD2014 treatment showed reduced phospho-S6, indicating suppression, but retained high expression of the glucose transporter GLUT1. Increasing PI3K–AKT inhibition by combining with AZD8186 (PI3Kβ inhibitor) further decreased the control-like metabolic signature, showing PI3K-dependent resistance. This demonstrates that MSI-based workflows yield novel insights into the pharmacodynamic effects of mTORC1/2 inhibition in tumours, which classical biomarkers do not resolve. Coupling these workflows with spatial-omics approaches can deliver greater insights into heterogeneity of treatment response.
Polygenic risk scores for pan-cancer risk prediction in the Chinese population: A population-based cohort study based on the China Kadoorie Biobank
Authors: Zhu Meng , Zhu Xia , Han Yuting , Ma Zhimin , Ji Chen , Wang Tianpei , Yan Caiwang , Song Ci , Yu Canqing , Sun Dianjianyi , Jiang Yue , Chen Jiaping , Yang Ling , Chen Yiping , Du Huaidong , Walters Robin , Millwood Iona Y , Dai Juncheng , Ma Hongxia , Zhang Zhengdong , Chen Zhengming , Hu Zhibin , Lv Jun , Jin Guangfu , Li Liming , Shen Hongbing ,   on behalf of the China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group
Published: February 2025

Background
Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) have been extensively developed for cancer risk prediction in European populations, but their effectiveness in the Chinese population remains uncertain.

Methods and findings
We constructed 80 PRSs for the 13 most common cancers using seven schemes and evaluated these PRSs in 100,219 participants from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB). The optimal PRSs with the highest discriminatory ability were used to define genetic risk, and their site-specific and cross-cancer associations were assessed. We modeled 10-year absolute risk trajectories for each cancer across risk strata defined by PRSs and modifiable risk scores and quantified the explained relative risk (ERR) of PRSs with modifiable risk factors for different cancers. More than 60% (50/80) of the PRSs demonstrated significant associations with the corresponding cancer outcomes. Optimal PRSs for nine common cancers were identified, with each standard deviation increase significantly associated with corresponding cancer risk (hazard ratios (HRs) ranging from 1.20 to 1.76). Compared with participants at low genetic risk and reduced modifiable risk scores, those with high genetic risk and elevated modifiable risk scores had the highest risk of incident cancer, with HRs ranging from 1.97 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11–3.48 for cervical cancer, P = 0.020) to 8.26 (95% CI: 1.92–35.46 for prostate cancer, P = 0.005). We observed nine significant cross-cancer associations for PRSs and found the integration of PRSs significantly increased the prediction accuracy for most cancers. The PRSs contributed 2.6%–20.3%, while modifiable risk factors explained 2.3%–16.7% of the ERR in the Chinese population.

Conclusions
The integration of existing evidence has facilitated the development of PRSs associated with nine common cancer risks in the Chinese population, potentially improving clinical risk assessment.
Why are critical event checklists not always used in the perioperative setting?: A retrospective survey
Authors: Clebone Anna , Klock Jr P. Allan , Choi Ellen Y. , Tung Avery 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
During surgery and anesthesia, life-threatening critical events, including cardiac arrest, may occur. By facilitating recall of key management steps, suggesting diagnostic possibilities, and providing dose and drug information, cognitive aids may improve clinician performance during such events. In actual clinical practice, however, cognitive aids may be available but inconsistently used. One possibility explaining aid non-use during critical events is a lack of familiarity with how cognitive aids may be helpful. We hypothesized that introduction of critical event cognitive aids along with implementation of cognitive aid resources would change the quantitative incidence of cognitive aid use and qualitative reasons for aid non-use. We surveyed members of an academic anesthesia department before and after implementation of critical event cognitive aid resources.

Methods
All anesthesia clinicians at a single academic medical center were surveyed.
Participants were surveyed both pre- and post-training with a focused program to introduce critical event cognitive aid resources. Incidences of and reasons for cognitive aid use and non-use were collected and analyzed. Survey responses were compared pre- and post-implementation.

Results
The response rate was 64.5%. One-hundred eighty-five reasons for non-use were collected before the focused program and 149 after. Overall, 80% of clinicians had encountered at least one critical event during the study period and use of cognitive aids during all reported events was 7%. Six categories of reasons for non-use were identified: ‘Not Available’, ‘Not Needed’, ‘No Time’, ‘Another Person In Charge’, ‘Used In Another Way’, ‘No Reason Given’. After implementation, a decrease in the number of respondents who cited availability and who cited ‘another person running crisis,’ as reasons for non-use was observed (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Implementation of cognitive aids for critical events in an academic anesthesia environment improved the perception of cognitive aid availability and decreased the number of subjects who chose to not use the aid due to another person running the crisis response. Looking at the multiple reasons for cognitive aid non-use may guide implementation, training, and design.
New graduate nurses’ experiences with and perceptions of their mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: An interpretive description study protocol
Authors: Burry Robin D. , Pike April , Maddigan Joy , Rauman Peggy , Burford Holly , Smith-Young Joanne , Curran Vernon 
Published: February 2025

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on healthcare workers. Healthcare workplaces are high stress environments placing care providers such as Registered Nurses at high risk for occupational stress injuries related to poor mental health. Currently, healthcare authorities rely on new graduate nurses to help fill gaps in staffing; however, novice nurses are especially vulnerable to workplace illnesses, with the recent pandemic contributing to this risk. Research is needed to understand new graduate nurses’ experiences and perceptions of their mental health and well-being as they transition to practice in the COVID-19 pandemic and the supportive resources they require to assist in contributing to healthy workplaces.

Objectives
1) To explore new graduate nurses’ experiences and perceptions of their mental health and well-being as they transitioned to practice during the COVID-19 pandemic in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada; 2) To understand new graduate nurses’ awareness and use of available mental health supports and resources during the COVID-19 pandemic; and 3) To identify strategies and resources to support new graduate nurses’ mental health and well-being as they transitioned to practice during a public health crisis.

Methods
An interpretive description research methodology will be used to conduct this study. The COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research (COREQ) checklist will be used to verify both the structure of the study and presentation of findings. Approximately forty semi-structured interviews will be conducted with new graduate nurses who worked in Newfoundland and Labrador in 2020, 2021 or 2022. Data collected will be analyzed using thematic analysis with descriptive statistics used to present demographic information.

Results
The results of this study will help inform changes to existing workplace programs and contribute to the development of new processes to support new graduate nurses’ mental health and well-being as they transition to practice during a public health crisis such as COVID-19.