bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of community gardening on lifestyles' sustainability: quantitative &amp; qualitative evaluation of a natural experiment
Authors: Tharrey Marion , Sachs Ashby , Perignon Marlène , Simon Chantal , Mejean Caroline , Litt Jill , Darmon Nicole 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite the increasing number of studies on gardening and health, evidence of health benefits of community gardening is limited by cross-sectional design. The “JArDinS” quasi-experimental study aimed to assess the impact of community garden participation on the adoption of more sustainable lifestyles in French adults. Methods: Individuals starting gardening in community gardens in Montpellier (France) in 2018 (N=66) were compared to pairwise matched individuals with no experience in community gardening (N=66). Monthly household food supplies, physical activity measured by accelerometers and questionnaires on physical, mental and social well-being, sensitivity to food waste, and connection with nature were used to explore sustainability of lifestyles in social/health, environmental and economic dimensions. Data were collected at baseline (t0) and 12 months later (t1). Linear mixed models were used to determine the independent effect of community gardening on investigated lifestyles components. In-depth interviews were conducted at t1 with 15 gardeners to better understand changes that may have occurred in gardeners’ lives during the first year of gardening.Results: At t0, gardeners had lower education level, lower BMI and reported lower percentage of meals consumed outside of the home in total household meals compared to non-gardeners (p<0.05). At t1, the mean weight of fruit and vegetables harvested from the garden was 19.5g/d/p. Participating in the community garden had no significant impact on any of the social/health, environmental and economic lifestyle components investigated. Qualitative interviews suggested the existence of pre-established health and environmental consciousness in some gardeners and revealed several barriers to the participation such as lack of time, lack of gardening knowledge, difficulty of gardening, health problems and conflicts with other gardeners. Conclusions: Using a longitudinal design allowing causality assessment, no impact was observed of the first year of community gardening on lifestyle sustainability. The pre-established sensitivity to sustainability and the various barriers encountered by new gardeners might explain the absence of community gardening impact. Further rigorous longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether or not community gardening is a relevant public health tool.Trial registration: The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03694782. Date of registration: 3rd October 2018, retrospectively registered.
The Effect of SOCS2 Polymorphisms on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Susceptibility and Diabetic Complications in the Chinese Han Population
Authors: Pan Juan , Tong Rui , Deng Qing , Tian Yanni , Wang Ning , Peng Yanqi , Fei Sijia , Zhang Wei , Cui Jiaqi , Guo Chaoying , Yao Juanchuan , Cui Wei , Xu Jing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Propose: We explored the effect of SOCS2 polymorphisms on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic complications.Methods: The subjects consisted of 500 T2DM patients and 501 healthy volunteers. Five variants in SOCS2 were genotyped by Agena MassARRAY system. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).Results: Rs3825199 (OR = 1.44, p = 0.007), rs11107116 (OR = 1.39, p = 0.014) and rs10492321 (OR = 1.48, p = 0.004) had the increased T2DM risk. Moreover, the contribution of SOCS2 polymorphisms to T2DM risk was associated with age, gender, smoking and drinking and BMI. SOCS2 variants also had the reduced risk for T2DM patients with diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy and coronary heart disease.Conclusions: This study firstly reported that rs3825199, rs11107116 and rs10492321 in SOCS2 conferred to the increased risk for T2DM occurrence in the Chinese Han population.
Impact of meteorology and air pollution on Covid-19 pandemic transmission in Lombardy region, Northern Italy
Authors: Lolli Simone , Chen Ying-Chieh , Wang Sheng-Hsiang , Vivone Gemine 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Italy was the first, among all the European countries, to be strongly hit by the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (Sars-CoV-2). The virus, proven to be very contagious, infected more than 9 million people worldwide (in June 2020). Nevertheless, it is not clear the role of air pollution and meteorological conditions on virus transmission. In this study, we quantitatively assessed how the meteorological and air quality parameters are correlated to the Covid-19 transmission in Lombardy (Northern Italy), the region epicenter of the virus outbreak. Our main findings highlight that temperature and humidity related variables are negatively correlated to the virus transmission, whereas air pollution (PM2.5) shows a positive correlation. In other words, Covid-19 pandemic transmission prefers dry and cool environmental conditions, as well as polluted air. For these reasons, the virus might easier spread in unfiltered air-conditioned environments. Those results will be supporting decision makers to contain new possible outbreaks.
The Safety of Viscum Album L. in A Murine Model: A Reproductive Toxicity Study
Authors: Ghelman Ricardo , Cernach Mirlene Cecília Soares Pinho , Ishigai Marcia Marcelino de Souza , Hosomi Jorge Kioshi , Simões Manuel de Jesus , Junior Luiz Kulay , Batista João Vitor da Costa , Delebinski Catharina , Seifert Georg , Nakamura Mary Uchiyama 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The use of antineoplasic drugs in pregnancy poses a huge safety challenge because of the risk of teratogenicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. The rational use of the herbal medicine Viscum album (VA) has shown promising results in several tumor lines as part of the strategy of immunotherapy and anti-angiogenesis in integrative oncology. The safety of intrauterine fetal exposure to VA is however unknown and can be further evidenced for therapeutic doses in pregnant cancer patients.Methods: 47 pregnant Wistar rats and 399 fetuses bred following exposure to VA were investigated. The rats were randomized into five groups. Control group (CG) received no treatment and stress group (SG) received daily vehicle subcutaneous injections alone in same volume as the treatment groups from day zero until the twentieth day of pregnancy. There were three treatments groups: therapeutic dose group (TG) received the usual therapeutic dose (UTD) of 0.013 mg/kg BW; high dose group (HG) received 12.5 mg/kg BW and very high dose group (VHG) received 25mg/kg BW, daily.Results: Weight gain was greater in the rats, placentas and fetuses in the TG and HG compared to SG. Histology of the placentas showed a greater inflammatory process in HG and VHG.Conclusion: Since no cases of abortion, embryotoxicity, natimortality or teratogenicity were found in the fetuses and histology detected no lesions in the tissues evaluated, it is reasonable to conclude that this drug is safe for use in pregnant rats.
Adjoint-based Direct Data Assimilation of Gnss Time Series for Optimizing Frictional Parameters and Predicting Postseismic Deformation Following the 2003 Tokachi-oki Earthquake
Authors: Kano Masayuki , Miyazaki Shin'ichi , Ishikawa Yoichi , Hirahara Kazuro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
PostseismicGlobal Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time seriesfollowed by megathrust earthquakes can be interpreted as a result of afterslip on the plate interface especially in its early phase. Afterslip is a stress release process accumulated by adjacent coseismic slip andcan be considered a recovery process for future events during earthquake cycles. Spatio-temporal evolution of afterslip often triggers subsequent earthquakes through stress perturbation. Therefore, it is important toquantitativelycapture the spatio-temporal evolution of afterslip and related postseismic crustal deformation and to predict their future evolution with a physics-based simulation. We developedanadjoint data assimilation method, which directly assimilates GNSS time series into a physics-based model to optimize the frictional parameters that control the slip behavior on the fault.The developed method was validated with synthetic data. Through the optimization of frictional parameters, the spatial distributions of afterslip can be roughly reproduced but not in detail if the observation noise is included. The optimization of frictional parameters provides not only the reproduction ofpostseismic displacements used for the assimilation but also the improvement in the prediction skill of the following time series. Then, we appliedthe developed method to the observed GNSS time series for the first 15 d following the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake. The frictional parameters in the afterslip regions were optimized to A-B ~ O(10 kPa), A ~ O(100 kPa), and L ~ O(10 mm). The large afterslip is inferred on the shallower side of the coseismic slip area. The optimized frictional parameters quantitatively predicted the postseismicGNSS time series for the following 15 d. These characteristics can be also detected if the simulation variables can be simultaneously optimized. The developed data assimilation method, which can be directly applied to GNSS time series following megathrust earthquakes, isan effective quantitative evaluation method for assessing risks of subsequent earthquakes and for monitoring the recovery process of megathrust earthquakes.
Effect of Low-and High-carbohydrate Diets on Swimming Economy: A Crossover Study
Authors: Bestard Merry A. , Rothschild Jeffrey A. , Crocker George Hayes 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Swimming economy refers to the rate of energy expenditure relative to swimming speed of movement, is inversely related to the energetic cost of swimming, and is as a key factor influencing endurance swimming performance. The objective of this study was to determine if high-carbohydrate, low-fat (HCLF) and low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diets affect energetic cost of submaximal swimming.Methods: Eight recreational swimmers consumed two 3-d isoenergetic diets in a crossover design. Diets were tailored to individual food preferences, and macronutrient consumption was 69-16-16% and 16-67-18% carbohydrate-fat-protein for the HCLF and LCHF diets, respectively. Following each 3-d dietary intervention, participants swam in a flume at velocities associated with 50, 60, and 70% of their maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max). Expired breath was collected and analyzed while they swam which enabled calculation of the energetic cost of swimming. A paired t-test compared macronutrient distribution between HCLF and LCHF diets, while repeated-measures ANOVA determined effects of diet and exercise intensity on physiological endpoints.Results: Respiratory exchange ratio was significantly higher in HCLF compared to LCHF (p = 0.003), but there were no significant differences in the rate of oxygen consumption (p = 0.499) or energetic cost of swimming (p = 0.324) between diets. Heart rate did not differ between diets (p = 0.712), but oxygen pulse, a non-invasive surrogate for stroke volume, was greater following the HCLF diet (p = 0.029).Conclusions: A 3-d high-carbohydrate diet increased carbohydrate utilization but did not affect swimming economy at 50-70% VO2max. Although these intensities are applicable to ultramarathon swims, future studies should use higher intensities that would be more relevant to shorter duration events.
Peeking into the black box – integrated taxonomy of Archaeorhizomycetes
Authors: Khan Faheema Kalsoom , Kluting Kerri , Tångrot Jeannette , Urbina Hector , Ammunet Tea , Sahraei Shadi Eshghi , Rydén Martin , Ryberg Martin , Rosling Anna 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Due to their submerged and cryptic lifestyle the vast majority of fungal species are difficult to observe and describe morphologically and many remains known to science only from sequences detected in environmental samples. The lack of rules to delimit and name most fungal species is a staggering limitation to communication and interpretation of ecology and evolution in kingdom Fungi. Here we use environmental sequence data as taxonomical evidence and take an integrated taxonomic approach by combining phylogenetic and ecological data to generate and test species hypothesis in the class Archaeorhizomycetes (Taphrinomycotina, Ascomycota). Based on environmental amplicon sequencing we recognize 68 distinct phylogenetic species hypotheses (PSHs) of Archaeorhizomycetes, including the two described species in the class, in a well-studied Swedish pine forest podzol soil. Nine of the species hypotheses, including the more abundant ones, are supported by long read data and represent 78% of the sequenced Archaeorhizomycetes community. Among well supported sister PSHs, significantly differential distribution in the soil profile provide additional ecological evidence supporting the identification of two novel species for which we provide molecular diagnostics and propose names. Our analysis indicates that frequent and abundant taxa can be phylogenetically resolved in environmental samples, while rare taxa remain un-captured at our sampling and sequencing intensity. While environmental sequences cannot be automatically translated to species hypothesis, they can be used to generate phylogenetic and ecological evidence supporting species recognition of abundant species without physical specimens.
Cross-Sectional Association of Adiponectin with Sociodemographic and Nutrition-Related Factors in Mexican Students from the Los Altos, Jalisco Region
Authors: González-Torres Yesica Sughey , González-Silva Napoleón , Perez-Reyes Angel , Guzman Luis F , Garcia-Iglesias Trinidad , Rodriguez-Razon Christian M , Mora Zuamí Villagrán-de la , Rivera-Leon Edgar A , Vargas-Becerra Patricia N , Sanchez-Enriquez Sergio , Garcia-Garcia Maritza Roxana 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Adiponectin is a biomarker useful for the early diagnosis of obesity-related comorbidities. The Mexican population has one of the highest obesity rates worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an association exists between adiponectin and certain sociodemographic and nutrition-related factors in young adults. This is perhaps one of only a few studies focused in the Los Altos, Jalisco area, a center for religious and cultural traditions in Mexico.
Methods

A cross-sectional analysis was conducted from January to November 2019 at the Los Altos University Center. A total of 173 student volunteers participating in the study provided voluntary signed, written consent forms. Sociodemographic data were collected. Biochemical and nutritional assessments were realized after eight hours of fasting. Dietary questionnaires were analyzed using Nutrikcal® software. Total serum adiponectin levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Correlations and multivariate models were computerized by SPSSv20. This research project was approved and registered by the Research and Bioethics Committee of the Los Altos University Center, Mexico.
Results

According to body mass index (BMI), the incidence of underweight participants was found to be 10.4%, whereas that for overweight and obese patients combined was found to be 23.1%. A positive correlation of serum adiponectin levels was found in the following categories: female gender (r = 0.353, p = 0.01); high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) (r = 0.487, p = 0.01); and fruit intake (r = 0.204, p = 0.031). Multivariate analysis showed that 41.6% of adiponectin levels measured could be explained by gender, glucose, HDL-c, sodium and ascorbic acid consumption (r2 = 0.416, p < 0.01).
Conclusions

In accordance with the results, the incidence of underweight participants was greater than that expected as contrasted by national reports generated in Mexico. In addition, adiponectin level was found to vary with gender and nutrition-related factors. Further studies should be performed in this population to assess the role of religious and Mexican cultural traditions on health status in an effort to prevent undernutrition and obesity-related morbidity and mortality.
Biomechanical Analysis of Fibular Graft Techniques for Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Xu Jian , Zhan Shi , Ling Ming , Jiang Dajun , Hu Hai , Sheng Jiagen , Zhang Changqing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Free vascularized fibula graft (FVFG) technique has achieved the most consistent successful therapeutic effect on young patients diagnosed as nontraumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head (NONFH), of which the Core Track Technique (CTT) has been the most commonly used. As an alternative to CTT, the modified Light Bulb Technique (LBT) was reported to have a higher success rate. However, its biomechanical characters have been poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical properties of modified LBT in treating NONFH by comparing with CTT.Methods: Two types (C1 and C2) of NONFH finite element models were established from a healthy subject according to the Japanese Investigation Committee (JIC) classification, and CTT and LBT procedures were simulated in each type of the models. The average Von Mises stresses and stiffness of the proximal femur were calculated by applying 250% body weight loading on femoral head to simulate walking condition. In addition, two patient-specific models were built and simulated under the same boundary condition for the further validation of LBT.Results: In the healthy subject-derived models, both LBT and CTT resulted in reduced stresses in the weight-bearing area, central femoral head, femoral neck, and trochanteric and subtrochanteric regions, and increased structural stiffness after surgery. In the weight-bearing area, CTT reduced more stresses than LBT (36.19% vs 31.45%) for Type C1, while less reduction (23.63% vs 26.76%) for Type C2. In patient-specific models, stiffness and stresses of before and after surgery were also increased and reduced respectively, which is consistent with healthy subject-derived models.Conclusion: LBT and CTT have different biomechanical performance on different JIC type of NONFH. In terms of preventing the collapse of femoral head, LBT may be more effective for JIC Type C2, which could alternatively be chosen, while for JIC Type C1, CTT is still a better choice. Both techniques can improve biomechanical properties of NONFH with patients’ proximal femur stress reduced and structural stiffness enhanced.
ZC3H4 promotes pulmonary fibrosis via an ER stress-related positive feedback loop
Authors: Ghafoor Hammad , Chu Han , Huang Jie , Chen Menglin , Wang Zhangyan , Wang Sha , Chao Jie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary fibrosis is the sequela of many pulmonary diseases, such as pneumoconiosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The principal characteristics of pulmonary fibrosis comprise myofibroblast proliferation, alveolar damage and deposition of extracellular matrix components, which causes abnormal lung structure remodeling and an irreversible decline in lung function; however, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. The current study focused on the role of ZC3H4, a new member of the zinc finger protein family, in SiO2-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
Methods
The expression of ZC3H4 and fibroblast activation markers (COL1A1, COL3A1 and ACTA1) was measured by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining after SiO2 exposure (50 µg/cm2). The functional change in fibroblasts was studied with a scratch assay and a 3D migration assay. The CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to explore the regulatory mechanisms of ZC3H4 in pulmonary fibroblast cells.
Results
The expression levels of ZC3H4 and sigmar1 (a key regulator of ER stress) were increased in pulmonary fibroblast cells and were associated with fibroblast activation, as indicated by the increase in COL1A1, COL3A1 and ACTA1, as well as the migration ability. The SiO2-enhanced fibroblast activation was attenuated by specific knockdown of ZC3H4 and inhibition of ER stress, demonstrating that ZC3H4 activated fibroblasts via the sigmar1/ER stress pathway. Interestingly, an ER stress blockade also inhibited ZC3H4 expression, indicating the positive feedback regulatory mechanism of ER stress on ZC3H4.
Conclusions
Our results demonstrate that ZC3H4 and sigmar1 might act as novel therapeutic targets for silicosis, providing a reference for further pulmonary fibrosis research.
Diagnosis-related group (DRG)-based prospective hospital payment system can be well adopted for acute care surgery: Taiwanese experience with acute cholecystitis
Authors: Wu Yu-Tung , Lin Yu-Ning , Cheng Chi-Tung , Fu Chih-Yuan , Liao Chien-Hung , Hsieh Chi-Hsun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDiagnostic-related groups (DRGs) are a principle type of hospital payment systems worldwide. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a common surgical procedure for cholelithiasis paid by DRGs. However, acute cholecystitis (AC) patients usually have heterogeneous conditions that can negatively impact the successful implementation of DRGs. We evaluated the quality and efficiency of treating AC patients under the DRG system in Taiwan.MethodsAll AC patients who underwent LC between October 2015 and December 2016 were included. Patient demographics, comorbidities, laboratory tests, AC severity, treatment outcomes and financial results were recorded and compared. Patients were reimbursed by one of the two DRG schemes based on their comorbidities or complications (CC): DRG-1, LC without CC; and DRG-2, LC with CC. Hospitals were reimbursed with the lower threshold if costs were below the lower threshold (sector A); with the outlier threshold if costs were between the lower and outlier thresholds (sector B); and with the outlier threshold plus 80% of the exceeding cost if costs were higher than the outlier threshold (sector C). The lower and outlier thresholds for DRG-1 and DRG-2 were TWD 38,716 and TWD 64,146 and TWD 39,997 and TWD 81,843, respectively (TWD = Taiwan dollars, one US dollar is approximately 30 TWD).ResultsAmong 246 patients, 114 were paid by DRG-1, and 132 were paid by DRG-2. The sex ratio and AC severity were similar between groups, but DRG-2 patients were older and had more comorbidities. In total, 195 of 246 patients (79.3%) underwent LC within one day after admission, and patients with mild AC had shorter hospital stays than those with moderate or severe AC. The complication rate was 7.3%, and there was only one mortality. In total, 105 of 114 patients in DRG-1 and 120 of 132 patients in DRG-2 fell into sector B (the profitable sector). The average margin per patient was 11,032 TWD for DRG-1 and 24,993 TWD for DRG-2.ConclusionsDRGs can be well adopted for acute care surgery. Under such a system, hospitals can still provide efficient and quality medical services without losing profit.Trial registration:None, the current study is not a clinical trail
Catheterization of the subclavian and other central veins. Guidelines
Authors: Sumin S. A. , Kuzkov V. V. , Gorbachev V. I. , Shapovalov Konstantin G. 
Published: July 2020

The article presents the main provisions of the recommendations for catheterization of the subclavian and other central veins. Indications and contraindications, main complications, methods of their prevention and timely diagnosis are presented. Particular emphasis is placed on the legal aspects of the decision to perform this medical manipulation, as well as its documentation. Algorithms are given for choosing a central vein for performing a puncture in various clinical situations.