bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dose-Finding Study of a CEA-Targeting Agent, SGM-101, for Intraoperative Fluorescence Imaging of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: de Valk Kim S. , Deken Marion M. , Schaap Dennis P. , Meijer Ruben P. , Boogerd Leonora S. , Hoogstins Charlotte E. , van der Valk Maxime J. , Kamerling Ingrid M. , Bhairosingh Shadhvi S. , Framery Bérénice , Hilling Denise E. , Peeters Koen C. , Holman Fabian A. , Kusters Miranda , Rutten Harm J. , Cailler Françoise , Burggraaf Jacobus , Vahrmeijer Alexander L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundCarcinoembryonic antigen is overexpressed in colorectal cancer (CRC), making it an optimal target for fluorescence imaging. A phase I/II study was designed to determine the optimal imaging dose of SGM-101 for intraoperative fluorescence imaging of primary and recurrent CRC.MethodsPatients were included and received a single dose of SGM-101 at least 24 h before surgery. Patients who received routine anticancer therapy (i.e., radiotherapy or chemotherapy) also were eligible. A dedicated near-infrared imaging system was used for real-time fluorescence imaging during surgery. Safety assessments were performed and SGM-101 efficacy was evaluated per dose level to determine the most optimal imaging dose.ResultsThirty-seven patients with CRC were included in the analysis. Fluorescence was visible in all primary and recurrent tumors. In seven patients, no fluorescence was seen; all were confirmed as pathological complete responses after neoadjuvant therapy. Two tumors showed false-positive fluorescence. In the 37 patients, a total of 97 lesions were excised. The highest mean intraoperative tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) of 1.9 (p = 0.019) was seen in the 10-mg dose. This dose showed a sensitivity of 96%, specificity of 63%, and negative predictive value of 94%. Nine patients (24%) had a surgical plan alteration based on fluorescence, with additional malignant lesions detected in six patients.ConclusionsThe optimal imaging dose was established at 10 mg 4 days before surgery. The results accentuate the potential of SGM-101 and designated a promising base for the multinational phase III study, which enrolled the first patients in June 2019.
Performance of molecular methods for the detection of Salmonella in human stool specimens
Authors: Chirambo Angeziwa Chunga , Nyirenda Tonney S. , Jambo Ndaru , Msefula Chisomo , Kamng'ona Arox , Molina Sandra , Mandala Wilson L. , Heyderman Robert S. , Iturizza-Gomara Miren , Henrion Marc Y.R. , Gordon Melita A. 
Published: October 2020

Background: The relationship between asymptomatic Salmonella exposure within the gastrointestinal tract and Salmonella bacteraemia is poorly understood, in part due to the low sensitivity of stool culture, and the lack of validated molecular diagnostic tests for the detection of Salmonella in stool. The study aimed to determine a reliable molecular diagnostic test for Salmonella in stool specimens. Methods: We optimized an in-house monoplex real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of Salmonella TTR and InvA genes in stool by including a selenite broth pre-culture step for Salmonella before DNA extraction, and validated their specificity against other local common pathogens. Then we assessed their performance against a well-validated multiplex PCR targeting the same TTR and InvA genes, and against stool culture using clinical stool specimens collected from a cohort of 50 asymptomatic healthy Malawian children that were sampled at 1-month intervals over a period of 12 months. We employed a latent Markov model to estimate the specificities and sensitivities of PCR methods. Results: TTR and InvA primers were both able to detect all the different Salmonella serovars tested, and had superior limits of detection if DNA was extracted after selenite pre-culture. TTR sensitivity and specificity for monoplex-PCR were (99.53%, 95.46%) and for multiplex-PCR (90.30%, 99.30%) respectively. InvA specificity and specificity for using monoplex-PCR was (95.06%, 90.31%) and multiplex-PCRs (89.41%, 98.00%) respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for standard stool culture were 62.88% and 99.99% respectively. Culture showed the highest PPV (99.73%) and mono-TTR had the highest NPV (99.67%). Conclusion: Test methods demonstrated high concordance although stool culture and monoplexed TTR primers had superior specificity and sensitivity respectively. The use of selenite pre-enrichment step increased Salmonella detection rate. Taken together, molecular detection methods used here could be used to reveal the true extent of both asymptomatic and symptomatic Salmonella exposure events.
Variability as a leading principle of designing of individual trajectories of professional growth of teachers of college
Authors: Uzunova Galina 
Published: October 2020

The necessity of using a variational approach when designing an individual trajectory of professional growth for college teachers is substantiated, which involves taking into account the level and characteristics of their professional and personal development. The article presents the results of an empirical study, the purpose of which was to identify the types of individual trajectories of professional growth of college teachers. The study involved 214 teachers with a teaching experience of 3 to 38 years. The study was carried out using two specially selected reliable and valid methods: a diagnostic technique for the level of partial readiness for professional and pedagogical self-development (Fetiskin N.P., Kozlov V.V., Manuylov G.M.) and a methodology for studying professional motivation developed by K. Zamfir and modified A. Rean. The main research methods are comparative (calculation of the χ2 test and Student t-test) and correlation (calculation of the Spearman correlation coefficient) analyzes.	As a result of the study, it was proved that the professional and personal development of college teachers is characterized by its diversity and variability, associated primarily with the motives of their professional activity and with the level of formation of their readiness for self-development and self-education. A typology of individual trajectories of the professional growth of college teachers has been developed, which determines its main directions and content and includes adaptive, activating, stimulating and correcting types of individual trajectories. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that it is necessary, possible and advisable to use the variability principle when designing individual trajectories for college teachers' professional growth, which allows us to achieve our goals in practice and thereby contribute to the realization of the idea of continuing pedagogical education of pedagogical workers of modern educational organizations of secondary vocational education.
Does Firm Investment Respond to Peers’ Investment?
Authors: Bustamante M. Cecilia , Frésard Laurent 
Published: October 2020

We study whether, how, and why the investment of a firm depends on the investment of other firms in the same product market. Using an instrumental variable based on the presence of local knowledge externalities, we find a sizeable complementarity of investment among product market peers, holding across a large majority of sectors. Peer effects are stronger in concentrated markets, featuring more heterogeneous firms, and for smaller firms with less precise information. Our findings are consistent with a model in which managers are imperfectly informed about fundamentals and use peers’ investments as a source of information. Product market peer effects in investment could amplify shocks in production networks. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
Acesso de trabalhadores de um território aos serviços ofertados pela unidade básica de saúde
Authors: Silva Christiane Gleyce da , Fortes Rafaella Almeida , Gallasch Cristiane Helena , Alves Luciana Valadão Vasconcelos , Silva Delson Da , Faria Magda Guimarães de Araujo 
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: analisar as condições do acesso de trabalhadores terceirizados às atividades de saúde realizadas em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde em seu território de abrangência. Método: estudo de natureza descritiva e qualitativa, com coleta de dados realizada por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 15 trabalhadores, no segundo semestre de 2018, após autorização do comitê de ética em pesquisa. A análise foi realizada a partir do referencial teórico-conceitual da análise de conteúdo temático-categorial. Resultados: após análise, emergiram duas categorias temáticas, a citar: Entraves na absorção de trabalhadores do território nas unidades básicas de saúde e Estratégias para a busca de serviços de saúde: serviços particulares e emergências como porta de entrada. Conclusão: percebeu-se que os participantes enfrentam grandes desafios para alcançar a porta de entrada do SUS, sobretudo, devido a inabilidade dos serviços de saúde no atendimento a indivíduos trabalhadores inseridos no território de responsabilidade sanitária.
Não vai acontecer: percepção de universitários sobre práticas sexuais e vulnerabilidade às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis
Authors: Spindola Thelma , Santana Rosana Santos Costa , Costa Cristiane Maria Amorim , Martins Elizabeth Rose Costa , Moerbeck Nathália Trindade , Abreu Thuany De Oliveira 
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: identificar as práticas sexuais de jovens universitários em seus relacionamentos afetivos e analisar a percepção dos estudantes em relação à vulnerabilidade às Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. Método: estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado em 2016, no Rio de Janeiro, com 30 universitários, ambos os sexos, faixa etária 18 - 29 anos, que participaram de grupos focais. Dados discursivos foram analisados com auxílio do software NVivo 9 e técnica de análise de conteúdo. Respeitaram-se os procedimentos éticos de pesquisa envolvendo seres humanos. Resultados: na análise, emergiram duas categorias: As práticas sexuais dos universitários nos tempos atuais; Os jovens e a percepção de vulnerabilidade às IST. Os jovens vivenciam a sexualidade com liberdade no tocante à identidade de gênero, expressão de gênero e orientação sexual, estabelecendo uma pluralidade de relacionamentos e parceiros. Os estudantes se reconhecem como um grupo vulnerável. Conclusão: as condutas sexuais dos universitários os deixam vulneráveis aos agravos de saúde, como as infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.
Fundamentos nightingaleanos, cuidado humano e políticas de saúde no Século XXI
Authors: Ferreira Márcia De Assunção , Machado Priscilla Silva , Sauthier Marta , Silva Rafael Celestino da 
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: estabelecer relações entre os fundamentos Nightingaleanos na sustentabilidade de uma clínica de cuidado humano em diálogo com conceitos que sustentam duas atuais políticas de saúde brasileiras. Conteúdo: a ciência da enfermagem se afirma em uma abordagem holística do ser humano, com vistas à saúde integral, ressaltando a pessoa na sua dimensão física, mental, emocional e espiritual. Este princípio sustenta práticas humanizadas de cuidado e também integrativas, na proposição de cuidados integrais centrados na pessoa e relacionamento terapêutico para promover a saúde e o bem-estar. As fontes principais foram a obra seminal de Nigthingale, teorias de enfermagem, textos aplicados da Política Nacional de Humanização e de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares de Saúde. Conclusão: os princípios básicos do cuidado propostos por Nightingale refletem-se em atuais políticas de saúde, contribuindo para ampliar a autonomia dos profissionais de enfermagem, na oferta de cuidados baseados em conceitos próprios, em favor de uma Enfermagem Integrativa e Humana.
Referral pattern of periodontal disease among general dental practitioners in iraq
Authors: Ali Banaz Jabbar , Alwan Alyamama Mahmood , Ali Chinar Jabbar 
Published: October 2020

Objectives: To evaluate the type of “periodontal treatment” performed by general dental practitioners and the referral patterns of periodontists in Iraq. Material and methods: A total of 201 general dentists were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire consisting of nine questions regarding periodontal treatment and the referral patterns of periodontists. Results: The study showed that 91.1% of general dental practitioners (GDPs) performed “phase-I therapy”, and most of them done “scaling”. Regarding surgical periodontal therapy, only 12.9% of them performed surgical periodontal therapy, half of the GDPs did gingivectomy, and less than 30% performed crown lengthening. When evaluating maintenance therapy after periodontal treatment, it was found that 77.9% of the GDPs scheduled appointments for patients in the maintenance phase, 49.4% of them after one month, 24.7% after three months, and 15.6% after six months. Using TRUF analysis, most general dentists believed that the patient and periodontal factors were responsible for the recurrence of periodontal disease. Conclusions: There is still a lack of awareness of periodontal surgical procedures among the “general dental practitioners”. Thus, it is essential to increase the comprehension of periodontal treatment among general dentists.KEYWORDS Periodontal treatment; Phase-I therapy; Surgical periodontal treatment; General dental practitioner; Referral pattern Attitude.
Clinical Performance of Direct Anterior Composite Restorations Using Esthetic Dual-Shade versus Polychromatic Natural Layering Technique: a split mouth randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Elzayat Ghada Ahmed , Elsayed Mai  Elsayed , El Zoghby Amira 
Published: October 2020

Objective: to evaluate the clinical performance of the dual shade layering and polychromatic resin composite layering techniques using a randomized controlled trail. Material and Methods: 42 participants (84 restorations) of class IV or class III through and through within a pair of anterior contra-lateral teeth were randomly allocated into two groups according to technique of composite restoration placement: control “polychromatic layering” and intervention “dual-shade layering”. Follow-up was done at 1 month (baseline) and 1 year. Restorations were evaluated using Visual Analog Scale (VAS), restoration color shade match using Vita Easyshade V ®, and blinded assessor using FDI criteria for assessment of dental restorations measuring (aesthetic properties). Chi-square test was used to compare between restorations of both techniques. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between restorations of both techniques for patient satisfaction outcome, restorations color match outcome, and for all tested FDI outcomes except surface luster with 100% success. Conclusion: Both dual-shade layering and polychromatic natural layering techniques, exhibited acceptable clinical and esthetic performance.
Keywords
Composite; Polychromatic layering technique; Dual-shade layering technique; Clinical performance.
Apical extrusion of bacteria following the use of reciprocating single-file and rotary multi-file instrumentation systems in oval root canals
Authors: Kurnaz Safa , Bag Irem , Gulbandilar Aysel 
Published: October 2020

Objective: All instrumentation techniques and instruments are associated with apical extrusion during chemomechanical preparation, and this causes postoperative pain and flare-up. However, it is controversial whether reciprocal systems or rotary systems cause more apical extrusion. The objective of this in vitro study was to determine the differences in the amounts of apically extruded bacteria (AEB) associated with nickel-titanium rotary and reciprocating systems when used in oval-shaped root canals. Material and Methods: Seventy human mandibular premolar teeth with oval-shaped canals were randomly assigned to four experimental groups (15 teeth in each group) and one control group (10 teeth). The root canals were contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis and instrumented using two full-sequence rotary instruments (ProTaper Universal [PTU] and ProTaper Next [PTN]) and two reciprocating single-file instruments (Reciproc [R] and WaveOne [WO]). A 0.9% NaCl solution was used as an irrigant, and the bacterial extrusion was quantified as the number of colony-forming units for each sample. The results were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and the Mann-Whitney U test, and the statistical significance level was set at p <0.05. Results: The R system was associated with the highest amount of bacterial extrusion (p <0.05). The PTU system caused more bacterial extrusion than the PTN and WO systems (p <0.05). There was no significant difference between the PTN and WO systems (p >0.05). Conclusions: All instrumentation techniques caused apical bacterial extrusion. The instrument design and preparation techniques affect the number of extruded bacteria.KEYWORDS Apical extrusion; Bacteria; Endodontics; Root canal preparation.
Valuing the Engaged Work of the Professoriate: Reflections on Ernest Boyer’s Scholarship Reconsidered
Authors: Wendling Lauren Allen 
Published: October 2020

This article discusses faculty engaged teaching and research as an imperative function of the academic institution in the 21st century. Reflecting on Ernest Boyer’s Scholarship Reconsidered, this article traces the history of the public nature of higher education and its role within institutions today and discusses the crucial role of promotion and tenure in advancing the engaged work of faculty.
Who Improves Most? The Differences in First-Year Students’ Learning Attitudes and Behaviors Measured by College Success Factor Index
Authors: Krsmanovic Masha , Cox Thomas D. , Johnson Jamil D. 
Published: October 2020

Utilizing a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental research design, this study investigated the impacts of participation in a First-Year Seminar (FYS) course on student learning attitudes and behaviors. Using the sample of 1,231 freshmen students in a large, public, research university in the Southeast, the study examined if FYS participation promoted students learning attitudes and behaviors in the following ten areas: responsibility, competition, task-planning, expectation, wellness, time-management, college involvement, family involvement, precision, and persistence. Additionally, the study tested for the differences in changes of students learning attitudes and behaviors among five student populations enrolled in the seminar: first-time in college, summer bridge, international, out-of-state, and teacher pre-professionals. Hotelling's T2 test revealed statistically significant differences in learning attitudes and behaviors between pre and posttests for each of the 10 measured factors, while a two-way mixed design MANOVA indicated that changes in students’ learning attitudes and behaviors were not significantly different for any of the factors depending on the subgroup. The lack of between-group differences demonstrated that the FYS course participation was equally beneficial for students from all populations examined in the study.
Application of a Floss Band at Differing Pressure Levels: Effects at the Ankle Joint
Authors: Galis Jakub , Cooper Darren J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Galis, J and Cooper, DJ. Application of a floss band at differing pressure levels: Effects at the ankle joint. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2454–2460, 2022—The study aimed to examine the effects of different levels of pressure on ankle range of motion (ROM), strength, and power performance. A parallel-group design was used, and subjects were divided into 3 groups. After a warm-up and preintervention testing (ankle goniometry using a manual handheld goniometer and isokinetic dynamometry using a HUMAC NORM isokinetic dynamometer), subjects had underwrap (control) or a tissue flossing band, at 150 mm Hg (FLOSS150) or 200 mm Hg (FLOSS200) applied to one of their calves, followed by postintervention testing. Thirty university students participated and completed the testing in a university laboratory: dorsiflexion ROM (DFROM) and plantarflexion ROM (PFROM), peak torque, and power. A repeated-measures analysis of variance with Tukey post hoc showed no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) preintervention to postintervention between each group, except for DFROM in FLOSS150 (p < 0.05). Medium and small effect sizes preintervention to postintervention were associated with improvements of DFROM (0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39–0.83) and dorsiflexion power (0.29; 95% CI −0.13 to 0.72), respectively, in FLOSS150, while the effect size of PFROM preintervention to postintervention was −0.35 (95% CI −0.85 to 0.15) in FLOSS200. Tissue flossing of the ankle joint may be a useful intervention for increasing dorsiflexion ROM and power, which can be useful for injury prevention, enhancing performance and improving functional ability; however, the potentially harmful effects of the technique should be considered.
Little, Maybe Less
Authors: Stout Daniel M. 
Published: October 2020

Daniel M. Stout, “Little, Maybe Less: Little Dorrit’s Minimal Moralia” (pp. 207–238)
Against our ordinary ways of reading the novel, this essay argues that Charles Dickens’s Little Dorrit (1857) represents a stark refusal of the logics of accountability that necessarily underwrite any program of social reform. In pairing its critique of Circumlocution (which programmatically undervalues desert) with its critique of the Marshalsea (which programmatically overstates debt), the novel points not toward a future of happy proportionality—in which innovation might be meaningfully recognized and infractions responded to humanely—but toward a way of thinking that stands outside the liberal logics of exchange (of action and consequence, of sin and redemption, of debt and repayment) that animate both social critique and social reform. Rather than a reformist text, Little Dorrit’s horizon is a world beyond good and evil—or, as we might also call it, after liberalism.
INTEREST-FREE BANKING'S AND CONVENTIONAL BANKING'S ATTITUDES AGAINST FINANCIAL CRISES: THE CASE OF TURKEY
Authors: CANBAZ Mustafa , ÇEVİK Emre 
Published: October 2020

Following the financial crisis in 2001, Turkish banking sector started a ‘restructuring’ process. This led to recovery of the damage caused by the crisis and, despite the significant decrease in number of the banks, the banking sector gained quite a sound structure. This imrpovement allowed it to remain strong against the global financial crisis that took place after 2007 and caused important progress for many financial indicators, in particular the deposits and loans. Interest- free banking, which has been operating in form of participation bank through the profit and loss sharing system since 2005, become a competitor, in a different aspect, to deposit banks, an important part of the conventional banking. This study compares attitudes of the Participation Banks and the Deposit Banks against their customers before and after the crisis, in light of the financial indicators from the financial statements. The analysis concludes that Particpiation Banksa re significantly different from Deposit Bank in aspect of 'acticity ratios', which are based on the main areas of activity.
An Analysis on BCG Growth Sharing Matrix
Authors: Hossain Hanif , Kader Md. Abdul 
Published: October 2020

In the 21st century, sustainable improvement of business faces various challenges for the global economic competition. But, these challenges can be overcome by the efficient business strategies. The Boston Consulting Group (BCG) helps the business organizations to develop their efficiency for the successful operation of their business activities. To develop the efficiency of marketing decision making, the BCG Matrix plays an effective tool for strategic planning of product performance in industry and company level. It analyses to identify which strategic business units to invest in, which to sell off, and which to shut down. It helps a company to distribute their available resources through the efficient business management. It is one of the most popular and helpful consulting firms. The paper tries to provide a guideline to the business organizations to choose the best business policies by the use of BCG matrix.