bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Injuries and frequent use of emergency department services: a systematic review
Authors: Laferté Catherine , Dépelteau Andréa , Hudon Catherine 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo review all studies having examined the association between patients with physical injuries and frequent emergency department (ED) attendance or return visits.DesignSystematic review.Data sourceMedline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and PsycINFO databases were searched up to and including July 2019.Eligibility criteriaEnglish and French language publications reporting on frequent use of ED services (frequent attendance and return visits), evaluating injured patients and using regression analysis.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers screened the search results, and assessed methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for prevalence studies. Results were collated and summarised using a narrative synthesis. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the repercussions of removing a study that did not meet the quality criteria.ResultsOf the 2184 studies yielded by this search, 1957 remained after the removal of duplicates. Seventy-eight studies underwent full-text screening leaving nine that met the eligibility criteria and were included in this study: five retrospective cohort studies; two prospective cohort studies; one cross-sectional study; and one case-control study. Different types of injuries were represented, including fractures, trauma and physical injuries related to falls, domestic violence or accidents. Sample sizes ranged from 200 to 1 259 809. Six studies included a geriatric population while three addressed a younger population. Of the four studies evaluating the relationship between injuries and frequent ED use, three reported an association. Additionally, of the five studies in which the dependent variable was return ED visits, three articles identified a positive association with injuries.ConclusionsPhysical injuries appear to be associated with frequent use of ED services (frequent ED attendance as well as return ED visits). Further research into factors including relevant youth-related covariates such as substance abuse and different types of traumas should be undertaken to bridge the gap in understanding this association.
C-reactive protein at discharge and 1-year mortality in hospitalised patients with acute decompensated heart failure: an observational study
Authors: Nishimoto Yuji , Kato Takao , Morimoto Takeshi , Yaku Hidenori , Inuzuka Yasutaka , Tamaki Yodo , Yamamoto Erika , Yoshikawa Yusuke , Kitai Takeshi , Taniguchi Ryoji , Iguchi Moritake , Kato Masashi , Takahashi Mamoru , Jinnai Toshikazu , Ikeda Tomoyuki , Nagao Kazuya , Kawai Takafumi , Komasa Akihiro , Nishikawa Ryusuke , Kawase Yuichi , Morinaga Takashi , Su Kanae , Kawato Mitsunori , Seko Yuta , Inoko Moriaki , Toyofuku Mamoru , Furukawa Yutaka , Nakagawa Yoshihisa , Ando Kenji , Kadota Kazushige , Shizuta Satoshi , Ono Koh , Kuwahara Koichiro , Ozasa Neiko , Sato Yukihito , Kimura Takeshi 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesTo examine the association of a high C-reactive protein (CRP) level at discharge from an acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) hospitalisation with the 1-year clinical outcomes.DesignA post-hoc subanalysis of a prospective cohort study of patients hospitalised for ADHF (using the Kyoto Congestive Heart Failure (KCHF) registry) between October 2014 and March 2016 with a 1-year follow-up.SettingA physician-initiated multicentre registry enrolled consecutive hospitalised patients with ADHF for the first time at 19 secondary and tertiary hospitals in Japan.ParticipantsAmong the 4056 patients enrolled in the KCHF registry, the present study population consisted of 2618 patients with an available CRP value both on admission and at discharge and post-discharge clinical follow-up data. We divided the patients into two groups, those with a high CRP level (>10 mg/L) and those with a low CRP level (≤10 mg/L) at discharge from the index hospitalisation.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was all-cause death after discharge from the index hospitalisation. The secondary outcome measures were heart failure hospitalisations, cardiovascular death and non-cardiovascular death.ResultsThe high CRP group and low CRP group included 622 patients (24%) and 1996 patients (76%), respectively. During a median follow-up period of 468 days, the cumulative 1-year incidence of the primary outcome was significantly higher in the high CRP group than low CRP group (24.1% vs 13.9%, log-rank p<0.001). Even after a multivariable analysis, the excess mortality risk in the high CRP group relative to the low CRP group remained significant (HR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.71; p<0.001). The excess mortality risk was consistent regardless of the clinically relevant subgroup factors.ConclusionsA high CRP level (>10 mg/L) at discharge from an ADHF hospitalisation was associated with an excess mortality risk at 1 year.Trial registration detailshttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02334891 (NCT02334891) https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000017241 (UMIN000015238).
‘To be on the safe side’: a qualitative study regarding users’ beliefs and experiences of internet-based self-sampling for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae testing
Authors: Grandahl Maria , Larsson Margareta , Herrmann Björn 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesIn Sweden, an increasing number of tests for sexually transmitted infections are conducted. Self-sampling services are provided free of charge at the national eHealth website. Our aim was to obtain a deeper understanding of users’ beliefs and experiences of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) self-sampling services.MethodsThis qualitative study is part of the national project ‘Internet-based chlamydia and gonorrhoea self-sampling test’, conducted in Sweden. Individuals ordering a CT/NG self-sampling test at home from the eHealth website were invited to participate. Of the 114 individuals who agreed, a purposeful sample including 20 women and men aged 18–49 years (mean, 30.8 years) participated in a telephone interview in 2019.ResultsThe test service for CT/NG was highly appreciated by men and women of different ages. Round-the-clock accessibility, avoiding clinical visits, ease of use, confidentiality and a rapid test result were reasons for this appreciation. Language, uncertainty about the correct sampling procedure, unreliable postal services and concerns about handling of personal data were mentioned as barriers. Reasons for testing were checking after unprotected sex, symptoms, checking a partner’s fidelity or a regular routine—‘to be on the safe side’. Knowledge about the infections and their consequences was limited; some considered them severe, especially if they could threaten fertility, and others were less concerned. Disclosing an infection was described as emotionally stressful. Participants had high self-efficacy in relation to the test and would not hesitate to use the service again, even if it involved a cost.ConclusionsInternet-based CT/NG self-sampling at home was highly appreciated and was used for individual health reasons, but also out of concern for others’ health and for society as a whole. The benefits seem to outweigh the barriers, and the service may therefore continue to be widely offered.
Effect of medicines management versus standard care on readmissions in multimorbid patients: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lea Marianne , Mowé Morten , Molden Espen , Kvernrød Kristin , Skovlund Eva , Mathiesen Liv 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of pharmacist-led medicines management in multimorbid, hospitalised patients on long-term hospital readmissions and survival.DesignParallel-group, randomised controlled trial.SettingRecruitment from an internal medicine hospital ward in Oslo, Norway. Patients were enrolled consecutively from August 2014 to the predetermined target number of 400 patients. The last participant was enrolled March 2016. Follow-up until 31 December 2017, that is, 21–40 months.ParticipantsAcutely admitted multimorbid patients ≥18 years, using minimum four regular drugs from minimum two therapeutic classes. 399 patients were randomly assigned, 1:1, to the intervention or control group. After excluding 11 patients dying in-hospital and 2 erroneously included, the primary analysis comprised 386 patients (193 in each group) with median age 79 years (range 23–96) and number of diseases 7 (range 2–17).InterventionIntervention patients received pharmacist-led medicines management comprising medicines reconciliation at admission, repeated medicines reviews throughout the stay and medicines reconciliation and tailored information at discharge, according to the integrated medicines management model. Control patients received standard care.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary endpoint was difference in time to readmission or death within 12 months. Overall survival was a priori the clinically most important secondary endpoint.ResultsPharmacist-led medicines management had no significant effect on the primary endpoint time to readmission or death within 12 months (median 116 vs 184 days, HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.04, p=0.106). A statistically significantly increased overall survival was observed during 21–40 months follow-up (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.90, p=0.008).ConclusionsPharmacist-led medicines management had no statistically significant effect on time until readmission or death. A statistically significant increased overall survival was seen. Further studies should be conducted to investigate the effect of such an intervention on a larger scale.Trial registration numberNCT02336113.
Cross-sectional analysis to explore the awareness, attitudes and actions of UK adults at high risk of severe illness from COVID-19
Authors: Flint Stuart W , Brown Adrian , Tahrani Abd A , Piotrkowicz Alicja , Joseph Anny-Claude 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesThis study explored the impact of COVID-19 on people identified as at high risk of severe illness by UK government, and in particular, the impact of lockdown on access to healthcare, medications and use of technological platforms.DesignOnline survey methodology.SettingUK.Participants1038 UK adults were recruited who were either identified by UK government as at high risk of severe illness from COVID-19 or self-identified as at high risk with acute or other chronic health conditions not included in the UK government list. Participants were recruited through social media advertisements, health charities and patient organisations.Main outcomes measuresThe awareness, attitudes and actions survey which explores the impact of COVID-19, on including access to healthcare, use of technology for health condition management, mental health, depression, well-being and lifestyle behaviours.ResultsNearly half of the sample (44.5%) reported that their mental health had worsened during the COVID-19 lockdown. Management of health conditions changed including access to medications (28.5%) and delayed surgery (11.9%), with nearly half of the sample using telephone care (45.5%). Artificial Intelligence identified that participants in the negative cluster had higher neuroticism, insecurity and negative sentiment. Participants in this cluster reported more negative impacts on lifestyle behaviours, higher depression and lower well-being, alongside lower satisfaction with platforms to deliver healthcare.ConclusionsThis study provides novel evidence of the impact of COVID-19 on people identified as at high risk of severe illness. These findings should be considered by policy-makers and healthcare professionals to avoid unintended consequences of continued restrictions and future pandemic responses.
StromalMED12exon 2 mutations in complex fibroadenomas of the breast
Authors: da Silva Edaise M , Beca Francisco , Sebastiao Ana Paula Martins , Murray Melissa P , Silveira Catarina , Da Cruz Paula Arnaud , Pareja Fresia , Wen Hannah Y , D'Alfonso Timothy M , Edelweiss Marcia , Weigelt Britta , Brogi Edi , Reis-Filho Jorge S , Zhang Hong 
Published: December 2020

AimsHere we explore the presence of mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12) exon 2 and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter hotspot mutations in complex fibroadenomas (CFAs) of the breast.MethodsThe stromal components from 18 CFAs were subjected to Sanger sequencing ofMED12exon 2 and theTERTpromoter hotspot loci. The epithelial and stromal components of twoMED12mutated CFAs were subjected to laser capture microdissection, and Sanger sequencing ofMED12exon 2,TERTpromoter andPIK3CAexons 9 and 20, separately.ResultsMED12exon 2 mutations were identified in the stroma of 17% of CFAs. The analyses of epithelial and stromal components, microdissected separately, revealed thatMED12mutations were restricted to the stroma. NoTERTpromoter orPIK3CAmutations in exons 9 and 20 were detected in analysed CFAs.ConclusionsLike conventional fibroadenomas,MED12exon 2 mutations appear to be restricted to the stromal component of CFAs, supporting the notion that CFAs are stromal neoplasms.
HiggsBounds-5: testing Higgs sectors in the LHC 13 TeV Era
Authors: Bechtle Philip , Dercks Daniel , Heinemeyer Sven , Klingl Tobias , Stefaniak Tim , Weiglein Georg , Wittbrodt Jonas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe describe recent developments of the public computer code . In particular, these include the incorporation of LHC Higgs search results from Run 2 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, and an updated and extended framework for the theoretical input that accounts for improved Higgs cross section and branching ratio predictions and new search channels. We furthermore discuss an improved method used in to approximately reconstruct the exclusion likelihood for LHC searches for non-standard Higgs bosons decaying to $$\tau \tau $$

τ
τ

final states. We describe in detail the new and updated functionalities of the new version .
Spin-induced scalarization of Kerr black holes with a massive scalar field
Authors: Doneva Daniela D. , Collodel Lucas G. , Krüger Christian J. , Yazadjiev Stoytcho S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the present paper we study the onset of the spin-induced scalarization of a Kerr black hole in scalar-Gauss–Bonnet gravity with a massive scalar field. Our approach is based on a $$(2+1)$$

(
2
+
1
)

time evolution of the relevant linearized scalar field perturbation equation. We examine the region where the Kerr black hole becomes unstable giving rise to new scalarized rotating black holes with a massive scalar field. With increasing of the scalar field mass, the minimum value of the Gauss–Bonnet coupling parameter at which scalarization is possible, increases and thus the instability region shrinks. Interestingly, the introduction of scalar field mass does not change the critical minimal value of the black hole angular momentum $$a_{\mathrm{crit}}/M$$

a
crit

/
M

where the instability of the Kerr black hole develops.
Critical load and wear regime of hydrothermal-aged SrO-doped ZTA composite
Authors: Basha Shaik Akbar , Sarkar Debasish 
Published: December 2020

The research work has demonstrated the effect of hydrothermal ageing ([Formula: see text]C, 40 h, 1.034 bar) on friction and wear behavior of SrO-doped zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) composite. Surface topography and wear regime behavior are established in the perspective of ageing time, load, phase transformation and toughening phenomena. The estimated critical load is confirming the expedition of mild to severe wear in the presence of microcrack formation during adhesive and abrasive wear between SrO-doped ZTA (disc) and ZrO2(ball) tribo couples, where adhesion between the SrO–ZTA disc and ZrO2ball results in transfer of ZrO2particles from ball to disc. Roughness parameters ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) are elucidated to understand the influence of load and ageing conditions, as well as the in vitro bioactivity of sintered specimens is assessed in simulative body fluid (SBF) solution.
A Thermodynamic Formulation of Home Prices in a Monocentric City
Authors: Yen Peter Tsung-Wen , Filippov Mikhail , Cheong Siew Ann 
Published: December 2020

In this work, we proposed a theoretical framework inspired by physical thermodynamics to explain the housing price distributions in monocentric cities. In the same spirit as the Alonso–Muth–Mills (AMM) model, we assume that the disposable income [Formula: see text] after renting a home a distance [Formula: see text] from the center of a city is determined by the wage [Formula: see text] generated at the point-like Central Business District (CBD), the rent [Formula: see text], and the transportation cost [Formula: see text]. Unlike in the AMM model, where the scaling exponents are phenomenological, we admitted only physically reasonable exponents for the scaling of various quantities with distance [Formula: see text] from the CBD. We then determine the equilibrium rent [Formula: see text] by requiring [Formula: see text], where we assumed for simplicity the utility function [Formula: see text] (representing the demand side) has diminishing return in [Formula: see text]. In the simplest model, the equilibrium rent is given by [Formula: see text], i.e., the scaling of [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] is entirely determined by [Formula: see text]. We then introduce additional home availability [Formula: see text] (representing the supply side) into the simple theory in the form of an entropic correction, [Formula: see text]. The equilibrium rent then becomes [Formula: see text]. This allows us to treat additional availability due to the two-dimensional nature of cities, as well as that due to high-rise buildings on equal footing. Finally, we compare the equilibrium theory against urban data in Singapore, London and Philadelphia. For Singapore, we find quantitative agreement between theory and data. For London, we find only qualitative agreement between theory and data because the transportation cost is zone based. For Philadelphia, the home price distribution is very different from Singapore and London, and shows clear signs of economic segregation, which is difficult to treat in our equilibrium theory.
The Influential Factors and Characteristics of Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoir: A Case Study in Ordos Basin in China
Authors: Ren Dazhong , Yang Fu , Li Rongxi , Li Yuhong , Liu Dengke 
Published: December 2020

To analyze the impact of the factors on physical properties and the mechanism of tightness as well as favorable accumulation space of tight sandstone reservoir, comprehensive analysis is conducted using various kinds of experiments. The results show that the predominant rock type is medium-coarse grained lithic quartzarenite, and the main accumulating space is the dissolved secondary pores. Reservoir pore-throat structures can be divided into four categories. Based on morphologies and parameters which derived from capillary pressure curves, the physical properties rank in the following descending sequence:

Type

I
>
Type

II
>
Type

III
>
Type

IV

. The reservoir quality is influenced by both sedimentation and diagenesis synthetically. The underwater distributary channel is the dominant space for favorable reservoir. Compaction and cementation play dominant roles in the reduction of permeability. The loss of primary pores caused by both those diagenesis are 20.52% and 16.91%, respectively. Secondary pores formed by dissolution improve the reservoir quality by increase the porosity (2.68%). This suggests that weak diagenesis greatly contributes to the improvement of reservoir quality.
The Myth of Mental Illness: The Feuchtersieben Version
Authors: Laor Nathaniel 
Published: December 2020

Ernst von Feuchtersieben is an eminent nineteen century Viennese psychiatrist who is almost completely ignored both by modern psychiatrists and historians of psychiatry. Flowever, he has recently been mentioned by Thomas Szasz who views him as his predecessor and ascribes to hiin his own thesis, namely, that mental illness is a mere myth (or at best a mere metaphor) which was introduced into psychiatry by Johann Heinroth. The present essay examines the question can Feuchtersieben be viewed as Szasz's forerunner.
Szasz follows the individualistic principles rigorously and argues that all goal-directed individuals are autonomous—regardless of whether they stiffer while struggling towards their goals. Hence, Szasz excludes the mentally ill from the realm of medicine and renders immoral the psychiatrists who impose on them psychiatric diagnosis and treatment. For those who endorse in one and the same time both the principles of individualistic ethics and the common opinions concerning the autonomy of the mentally ill, the paradoxicality of the common opinions, in the light of Szasz's works, seems unsolvable.
Feuchtersieben endorses (the Kantian version of) the individualistic ethics yet, sensitive to the paradox, he follows Solomon Maimon's critique of Kant and rejects, at times, Kant's dogmatic view of human freedom. He thus rejects both poles of the paradox as a myth (à la Lévi-Strauss) and offers an alternative approach instead of the paradoxical one. Fie recommends we view mental health and autonomy as regulative principles in the empirical domain. The physician, the educator, the clergyman and the legislator should cooperate in diagnosing and treating defects of both mental health and human autonomy.
Szasz is therefore in error when he claims Feuchtersieben as his predecessor. The views concerning the mentally ill of these two are diametrically opposed. Moreover, I think Feuchtersleben's view is superior: indeed, whereas Szasz succumbs to or, at best, explains away the myths which prevail to the present day regarding the mentally ill, Feuchtersieben offers an explanation and a proposal of treatment.
Biographie medicale: Fossiles vivants et retour du sujet
Authors: Saudan Guy 
Published: December 2020

Biography, long shunned in the universities, has taken a dazzling revenge since the early 1980s—against the “Annates”, to be sure, but also under the influence of “new history ”.
As regards the history of medicine, the situation remains ambiguous. Biography, marrying ethics and progress, has always enjoyed a special place in the hearts of traditionalists; the partisans of “problem history” consider the genre pre- or ahistoric.
However, for the last twenty years several authors, fascinated by the richness of individual destinies and anxious to transcend their irreducible singularities, have opened up new paths to reconciling the individual with anthropological and social history.
De l’amateurisme en géologie: la réception française de la théorie de la dérive des continents (1920–1950)
Authors: Vigouroux Philippe Le , Gohau Gabriel 
Published: December 2020

At the beginning of the XXth century, Wegener proposed a theory – that of the roaming drift of the continents – unifying the rival theories of the Europeans and the Americans. As the work of a non-specialist who didn’t trouble himself with specific details, it raised numerous criticisms from specialists in various disciplines though others welcomed and supported it. Some even understood that despite its flaws, it started a new research program.
Paradoxically, as regards its simplicity, nonspecialists – engineers, popularizers, secondary school teachers and even believers in para-sciences – gave it a favorable reception. Being amateurs, they continued to endorse it when specialists abandoned it.