bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erectile dysfunction and associated risk factors in male patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Dai Hengheng , Wang Jisheng , Zhao Qi , Ma Jianxiong , Gong Xihao , Wang Lu , Bao Binghao , Li Haisong , Wang Bin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Patients with ischemic stroke (IS) often suffered from the problem of erectile dysfunction (ED) and psychological disease. However, they are often ignored because these symptoms are more obvious in the convalescent stage of stroke, which affects the quality of sexual life of patients. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of ED, sexual quality of life, and mental state of patients after stroke, as well as analyze the relevant risk factors affecting their psychological status.
A total of 361 IS patients were enrolled. The international erectile function index-5 scale was used to diagnose ED. Accordingly, the patients were divided into ED group and non-ED group. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate the brain lesions of patients. We assessed neurological deficits by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and general anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to evaluate the depression and anxiety. The differences between the ED group and the non-ED group clinical factors were compared.
The response rate was 88.6% (n = 320), and more than two-thirds of patients reported ED (77.8%). Patients with ED had higher PHQ-9 (8.40 ± 4.18 vs 4.94 ± 3.73, P < .01) and GAD-7 (6.73 ± 3.56 vs 4.51 ± 3.35, P < .01) scores, were more likely to have the frontal lobe (75.1% vs 49.3%, P < .01) and lateral ventricle (69.8% vs 53.5%, P = .01) lesions, with hypertension (75.1% vs 46.5%, P < .01) and hyperlipidemia (48.2% vs 25.4%), and on antihypertensive (67.9% vs 35.25, P < .01) and hypolipidemic drug (43.4% vs 16.9%, P < .01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that antihypertensive drug (odds ratio [OR]: 2.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–6.10, P = .04), depression (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06–1.32, P < .01) and anxiety (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01–1.27, P = .04) might be the independent risk factors for ED group.
ED is more common in male IS patients. Antihypertensive drug, depression and anxiety are the main factors affecting ED.
Is the bone fusion affected by Modic-2 changes in single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion?
Authors: Huang Kangkang , Hong Ying , Liu Hao , Duan Yuchen , Wang Beiyu , Chen Hua , Ding Chen , Rong Xin , Wu Tingkui 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
To explore the impact of Modic changes (MCs) on bone fusion after single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with a zero-profile implant (the Zero-P implant system).
From November 2014 to November 2017, a total of 116 patients who underwent single-level ACDF with the Zero-P implant were divided into two groups according to MRI showing type 2 MCs (MC2) or no MCs (i.e., the MC2 group and the NMC group, respectively). A total of 92 (79.3%) patients were classified into the NMC group, and 24 (20.7%) patients were classified into the MC2 group. The clinical outcomes and fusion rates were retrospectively evaluated between the 2 groups preoperatively and postoperatively at 3, 6, and 12 months, and the final follow-up.
The Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores and the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of neck pain were significantly improved compared to the preoperative scores in both the NMC and MC2 groups (P < .05). However, there were no differences in JOA or VAS scores between the 2 groups (P > .05). The fusion rates of the NMC and MC2 groups at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, and the final follow-up were 33.7% and 12.5%, 77.2% and 54.2%, 89.1% and 87.5%, and 97.8% and 95.8%, respectively. The fusion rates were significantly lower at 3 and 6 months after surgery in the MC2 group than in the NMC group (P < .05).
The presence of MC2 did not affect the clinical outcome but delayed the fusion time following ACDF with the Zero-P implant system.
Level of Evidence is Level 3.
A good response to glucocorticoid for Henoch–Schönlein purpura with abdominal pain and gastrointestinal bleeding in an adult
Authors: Yi Fangfang , Bai Zhaohui , Li Yingying , Xu Xiangbo , Guo Xiaozhong , Qi Xingshun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Henoch–Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a small-vessel vasculitis that has been extensively studied in children, but little is known about its natural history in adults. There is no consensus regarding the treatment of glucocorticosteroids use for HSP. The efficacy of glucocorticoid for preventing from severe complications or relapse is also controversial in HSP.

Patient concerns:
A 21-year-old male was admitted to the hospital due to abdominal pain for more than 20 days, hematochezia for more than 10 days, and rash for 2 days.

Diagnoses:
The diagnosis of HSP is based on the European League against Rheumatism and the Paediatric Rheumatology European Society in 2006.

Interventions:
The patient received glucocorticosteroids treatment for 17 days at the time of first hospitalization.

Outcomes:
The abdominal pain and hematochezia completely disappeared on the 6th day after the use of glucocorticosteroids, and purpura completely disappeared on the 8th day.

Lessons:
Our patient has a good response to glucocorticoid. Glucocorticosteroids may be effective for the treatment of HSP.
Effective/cost effective interventions of child mental health problems in low- and middle-income countries (LAMIC)
Authors: Grande Antonio Jose , Ribeiro Wagner Silva , Faustino Christine , de Miranda Claudio Torres , Mcdaid David , Fry Andra , de Moraes Silvia Helena Mendonça , de Oliveira Sandra Maria do Valle Leone , de Farias Joni Marcio , de Tarso Coelho Jardim Paulo , King Derek , Silva Valter , Ziebold Carolina , Evans-Lacko Sara 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
This systematic review protocol aims to examine the evidence of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of interventions for children and adolescents with, or at risk of developing mental disorders in low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs).

Methods:
We will search Medline Ovid, EMBASE Ovid, PsycINFO Ovid, CINAHL, LILACS, BDENF and IBECS. We will include randomised and non-randomised controlled trials, economic modelling studies and economic evaluations. Participants are 6 to 18 year-old children and adolescents who live in a LAMIC and who present with, or are at high risk of developing, one or more of the conditions: depression, anxiety, behavioural disorders, eating disorders, psychosis, substance abuse, autism and intellectual disabilities as defined by the DSM-V. Interventions which address suicide, self-harm will also be included, if identified during the extraction process. We will include in person or e-health interventions which have some evidence of effectiveness (in relation to clinical and/or functional outcomes) and which have been delivered to young people in LAMICs. We will consider a wide range of delivery channels (e.g., in person, web-based or virtual, phone), different practitioners (healthcare practitioners, teachers, lay health care providers) and sectors (i.e., primary, secondary and tertiary health care, education, guardianship councils). In the pilot of screening procedures, 5% of all references will be screened by two reviewers. Divergences will be resolved by one expert in mental health research. Reviewers will be retrained afterwards to ensure reliability. The remaining 95% will be screened by one reviewer. Covidence web-based tool will be used to perform screening of references and full text paper, and data extraction.

Results:
The protocol of this systematic review will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences. The results will be presented descriptively and, if possible, meta-analysis will be conducted. Ethical approval is not needed for anonymised secondary data.

Conclusion:
the systematic review could help health specialists and other professionals to identify evidence-based strategies to deal with child and adolescents with mental health conditions.
Uterus transplant graft's arterial atherosclerotic remodeling veracity
Authors: Novotny Robert , Chlupac Jaroslav , Kristek Jakub , Pit’ha Jan , Chmel Roman , Sticova Eva , Janousek Libor , Fronek Jiri 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
Uterus transplantation is a complex, multi-step experimental procedure used for the treatment of uterus absence or uterus anomaly that prevents embryo implantation or pregnancy completion.

Method:
To date, only 51 uterus transplants worldwide had been performed. When simplified, it is vascularized composite allograft transplantation. While it is still an experimental procedure with encouraging results for the future, there are still many issues that have to be clarified. The most serious complications of uterus transplantation are graft rejection or grafts vascular failure.

Results:
So far, no reference to the atherosclerotic arterial infiltration of the uterus arteries was suggested and studied as one of the main causes of graft's failure.

Conclusion:
In this review we summarized current knowledge and possible role of uterus arterial damage, including atherosclerotic changes on the graft's survival.
Fever after varus derotational osteotomy is common, but not a risk factor for infection
Authors: Obana Kyle K. , Lin Adrian J. , Yang Joshua , Ryan Deirdre D. , Goldstein Rachel Y. , Kay Robert M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Postoperative fever in pediatric patients following reconstructive hip surgery is of unknown significance. This study identifies the prevalence of postoperative fever after corrective hip surgery, its relationship to infection, and whether preventative use of anti-pyretics affects patient outcomes.
Overall, 222 patients who underwent a varus derotational osteotomy (VDRO) between 11/1/2004 to 8/1/2014 with minimum 6 months follow up were retrospectively identified. Variables included diagnosis, inpatient stay, daily maximum temperature, duration of fever, fever workup, and administration of scheduled anti-pyretics. Fever was defined as temperature ≥38°C.
In total, 123/222 (55.4%) and 70/222 (31.5%) had postoperative fevers of ≥38°C and ≥38.5°C, respectively. Average inpatient stay was 2.7 days postoperatively. Temperature (mean = 38.0°C) was greatest on postoperative day 1 (POD1), and 43.7% of patients had T ≥38°C on POD1. Anti-pyretics did not influence the duration of fever. Anti-pyretics on the day of surgery (POD0) did not influence the incidence of fever. Acetaminophen on POD0 significantly reduced likelihood of fever on POD1 (P = .02). Average length of fevers ≥38°C and 38.5°C were 8.4 and 4.2 hours, respectively. 3/18 (16.7%) fever workups administered were positive. Postoperative fever did not predict infection. 9/222 (4/1%) patients had postoperative infection - 5/123 (4.1%) with fever ≥38°C and 4/70 (5.7%) with fever ≥38.5°C. Rates of infection in patients with and without fevers were not significantly different (P = .97 for T ≥38°C and P = .38, for T ≥38.5°C).
Though common, postoperative fever does not increase risk of infection. The low prevalence of positive cultures indicates routine fever workups can safely be avoided in most patients.
Level of Evidence: III, retrospective comparative study
Development of a CT imaging phantom of anthromorphic lung using fused deposition modeling 3D printing
Authors: Hong Dayeong , Lee Sangwook , Kim Guk Bae , Lee Sang Min , Kim Namkug , Seo Joon Beom 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDevelopment of patient-specific CT imaging phantoms with randomly incorporated lesions of various shapes and sizes for calibrating image intensity and validating quantitative measurement software is very challenging. In this investigation, a physical phantom that accurately represents a patient's specific anatomy and the intensity of lung CT images at the voxel level will be fabricated using fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing. Segmentation and modeling of a patient's CT data were performed by an expert and the results were confirmed by a thoracic radiologist with more than 20 years of experience. This facilitated the extraction of the details of the patient's anatomy; various kinds of nodules with different shapes and sizes were randomly added to the modeled lung for evaluating the size-accuracy of the quantification software. To achieve these Hounsfield Units (HU) ranges for the corresponding voxels in acquired CT scans, the infill ratios of FDM 3D printing were controlled. Based on CT scans of the 3D printed phantoms, the measured HU for normal pulmonary parenchyma, ground glass opacity (GGO), and solid nodules were determined to be within target HU ranges. The accuracy of the mean absolute difference and the mean relative difference of nodules were less than 0.55 ± 0.30 mm and 3.72 ± 1.64% (mean difference ± 95 CI), respectively. Patient-specific CT imaging phantoms were designed and manufactured using an FDM printer, which could be applied for the precise calibration of CT intensity and the validation of image quantification software.
Serum zinc concentration and quality of life in chronic liver diseases
Authors: Nishikawa Hiroki , Enomoto Hirayuki , Yoh Kazunori , Iwata Yoshinori , Sakai Yoshiyuki , Kishino Kyohei , Ikeda Naoto , Takashima Tomoyuki , Aizawa Nobuhiro , Takata Ryo , Hasegawa Kunihiro , Ishii Noriko , Yuri Yukihisa , Nishimura Takashi , Iijima Hiroko , Nishiguchi Shuhei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Health related quality of life (HRQOL) in chronic liver disease (CLD) patients has been attracting much attention these days because it is closely associated with clinical outcomes in CLD patients. HRQOL has become established as an important concept and target for research and practice in the fields of medicine. A critique of HRQOL research is the lack of conceptual clarity and a common definition of HRQOL. Using a clear definition of HRQOL may increase the conceptual understanding. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the association between serum zinc (Zn) level and HRQOL as assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory-2nd edition (BDI-II), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Japanese version (PSQI-J) and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) in CLD patients (n = 322, median age = 65 years, 121 liver cirrhosis (LC) patients (37.6%)). The median serum Zn level for all cases was 73.2 μg/dl. The median BDI-II score and PSQI-J score were 6 and 5, respectively. Patients with higher BDI-II score tended to have lower serum Zn level compared with those with lower BDI-II score. Similar tendencies were observed in patients with higher PSQI-J score. In the SF-36, physical functioning, role physical and physical component summary score significantly correlated with serum Zn level regardless of age, liver disease etiology and the LC status. While mental health and mental component summary score did not significantly correlate with serum Zn level regardless of age, liver disease etiology and the LC status. In conclusion, serum Zn level can be a useful marker for decreased HRQOL in patients with CLDs, especially for physical components.
Bone cement spacer: a novel technique for treating a complicated case of developmental dysplasia of the hip with an injured acetabulum
Authors: Alsiddiky Abdulmonem , Alatassi Raheef , Alfayez Saud , Alhuzaimi Fahad , Alqarni Mahdi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) has an incidence of 5 per 1000 newborns and its management depends on various factors. We present a rare case of DDH with soft tissue obliteration and a bony prominence in the center of the acetabulum after failed open reduction and acetabuloplasty.

Patient concerns:
A 20-month-old girl presented to our clinic with right hip stiffness after undergoing open reduction and acetabuloplasty at another hospital.

Diagnoses:
The diagnosis of DDH was made using a computed tomography scan that revealed a right hip dislocation with soft tissue obliteration and a bony prominence in the center of the acetabulum.

Interventions:
We used a novel technique for treating the rare presentation of complicated DDH with massive soft tissue obliteration and bony prominence in the center of the acetabulum after failed open reduction and acetabuloplasty. The right hip was surgically explored. The acetabulum was deepened and resurfaced. Bone cement was applied over the acetabulum to prevent future ankylosis.

Outcomes:
At the follow-up 7 years after the last surgery, the patient had regained full range of motion and a properly reduced right hip with optimal acetabular coverage on radiographs.

Lessons:
Care must be taken in any patient with DDH who presents with hip redislocation after open reduction. If deepening and resurfacing of the acetabulum are required, bone cement could be used as a temporary spacer for 8 weeks; this was key in treating our patient.
High rates of ineligibility for participation in trials of new therapies in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a systematic review
Authors: Roskilly Anna , Shearer Jessica , Parker Richard , Rowe Ian A. 
Published: January 2020

Background and aims:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is common and there are a number of treatments in development. Patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and significant fibrosis are thought to be the population most in need of treatment. Identification of this group requires liver biopsy. The aim of this study was to identify the proportion of patients screened for phase 2 randomised controlled trials who subsequently entered these studies.

Methods:
Large, multicentre, phase 2 randomised controlled trials of pharmacological therapies for NASH were identified by systematic review. The pooled proportion of potential participants who entered the trials was estimated by meta-analysis. The reasons for trial ineligibility were separately extracted and analysed.

Results:
Thirteen reports of 14 trials were included. Overall, there were 4014 screened individuals included in the quantitative analyses and 53% were subsequently enrolled in a trial. Considering trials in which the entry criteria matched the current paradigm for treatment, that is, the presence of NASH and significant fibrosis, only 35% of screened individuals were eligible for trial entry. More than half of ineligible individuals were excluded on the basis of liver histology most often due to insufficient disease activity with or without insufficient fibrosis.

Conclusion:
The majority of patients considered at risk of NASH and fibrosis sufficient for treatment in randomised controlled trials are ineligible for trial entry. Most often, this is due to ineligible liver histology. These findings have implications for the design of future trials in NASH and for the applicability of treatments after licensing.
Predictors for the progression of hepatic cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma under long-term antiviral therapy
Authors: Li Zhiqin , Hu Yushu , Wang Hongyan , Wang Meng , Gu Xinyu , Ping Yu , Zeng Qinglei , Li Hua , Yan Jingya , Yu Zujiang 
Published: January 2020

Objective
Patients diagnosed with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatic cirrhosis have the potential for progression to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) even while undergoing long-term nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) therapy. This study investigated the predictors for the progression of hepatic cirrhosis to HCC under long-term NA therapy.

Methods
This retrospective study enrolled 898 patients diagnosed with HBV-related hepatic cirrhosis. They received NA therapy between January 2012 and January 2015. The values for the liver stiffness measurement (LSM), laboratory tests, and disease history were collected. The diagnostic specificity of the serum, was assessed with a receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results
The overall 2- and 3-year cumulative incidence of HCC was 6.8% and 15.15%, respectively. The LSM values were higher in the patients who had progressed to HCC. The serum PIVKA-II levels were more efficient than the serum AFP levels for the diagnosis of early HCC as the larger area under curve (0.866 vs. 0.687). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HCC occurrence was significantly associated with the baseline LSM value (odds ratio = 1.035). At the end of the study, the death rate for the patients with larger LSM values was higher than that for those with lower LSM values (67.88% vs. 39.90%).

Conclusion
Patients with HBV-related cirrhosis have the potential for progression to HCC even under long-term NA therapy. The LSM value and the serum PIVKA-II level are significant predictors of HCC occurrence.
Infection as a predictor of mortality in decompensated liver cirrhosis: exploring the relationship to severity of liver failure
Authors: Grgurevic Ivica , Trkulja Vladimir , Bozin Tonci , Madir Anita , Miletic Maja , Marusic Srecko , Skrlin Jasenka , Sestan Crnek Sandra , Dobrovic Karolina 
Published: January 2020

Background
Infections are common in patients with liver cirrhosis and increase mortality. We explored the relationship between infection and liver dysfunction in their effects on mortality.

Methods
Single-center data on decompensated liver cirrhosis patients hospitalized between March 2014 and December 2017 (index period) were reviewed until death, liver transplantation or 31 December 2018. Infections were classified as community-acquired infection (CAi) or hospital/healthcare associated infection (HCAi). Child-Pugh, model for the end-stage liver disease (MELD) and chronic liver failure-organ failure (CLiF-OF) scores indicated liver (dys)function.

Results
We enrolled 155 patients (85% alcoholic liver disease), 65 without infection at first hospitalization, 48 with CAi and 42 with HCAi. Multidrug resistant agents were confirmed in 2/48 (4.2%) CAi and 10/42 (23.8%) HCAi patients. At first hospitalization, infection was independently associated with worse liver dysfunction and vice versa, and with higher 30-day mortality [odds ratio (OR) = 2.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07–6.94]. The association was reduced with adjustment for MELD/CLiF-OF scores, but mediation analysis detected an indirect (via liver dysfunction) association. Twenty-eight patients were repeatedly hospitalized, 11 with new HCAi. HCAi was independently associated with twice higher risk of medium-term mortality and added an additional risk to any level of liver dysfunction, considering all or patients who survived the first 30 days. In those repeatedly hospitalized, HCAi appeared independently associated with a higher probability of infection and higher MELD scores at subsequent hospitalizations.

Conclusion
Infection (particularly HCAi) adds mortality risk to any level of liver dysfunction in decompensated liver cirrhosis patients. Mechanisms of long(er)-term effects (in acute episode survivors) seemingly include enhanced deterioration of liver function.