bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novelty and influence of creative works, and quantifying patterns of advances based on probabilistic references networks
Authors: Park Doheum , Nam Juhan , Park Juyong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRecent advances in the quantitative, computational methodology for the modeling and analysis of heterogeneous large-scale data are leading to new opportunities for understanding human behaviors and faculties, including creativity that drives creative enterprises such as science. While innovation is crucial for novel and influential achievements, quantifying these qualities in creative works remains a challenge. Here we present an information-theoretic framework for computing the novelty and influence of creative works based on their generation probabilities reflecting the degree of uniqueness of their elements in comparison with other works. Applying the formalism to a high-quality, large-scale data set of classical piano compositions–works of significant scientific and intellectual value–spanning several centuries of musical history, represented as symbolic progressions of chords, we find that the enterprise’s developmental history can be characterised as a dynamic process composed of the emergence of dominant, paradigmatic creative styles that define distinct historical periods. These findings can offer a new understanding of the evolution of creative enterprises based on principled measures of novelty and influence.
Cosmology of a generalised version of holographic dark energy in presence of bulk viscosity and its inflationary dynamics through slow roll parameters
Authors: Chakraborty Gargee , Chattopadhyay Surajit 
Published: January 2020

This study reports a reconstruction scheme of a Dark Energy (DE) model with higher-order derivative of Hubble parameter, which is a particular case of Nojiri–Odintsov holographic DE (HDE) [S. Nojiri and S. D. Odintsov, Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 38 (2006) 1285.] that unifies phantom inflation with the acceleration of the universe on late-time. The reconstruction has been carried out in the presence of bulk viscosity, where the bulk-viscous pressure has been taken as a function of Hubble parameter. Ranges of cosmic time [Formula: see text] have been derived for quintessence, cosmological constant and phantom behaviour of the equation-of-state (EoS) parameter. In the viscous scenario, the reconstruction has been carried out in an interacting and noninteracting situations and in both the cases stability against small perturbations has been observed. Finally, the slow roll parameters have been studied and a scope of exit from inflation has been observed. Also, the availability of quasi-exponential expansion has been demonstrated for interacting viscous scenario and a study through tensor-to-scalar ratio has ensured consistency of the model with the observational bound by Planck. Alongwith primordial fluctuations, the interacting scenario has been found to generate strong dissipative regime.
ahoi
Authors: Renner Bernd-Christian , Heitmann Jan , Steinmetz Fabian 
Published: January 2020

The recent development of small, cheap AUVs enables a plethora of underwater near- and inshore applications. Among these are monitoring of wind parks, detection of pollution sources, water-quality inspection, and the support of divers during disaster management. These tasks profit from online reporting, control, and AUV swarm interaction; yet they require underwater communication. Unfortunately, commercial devices are prohibitively expensive and typically closed-source, hampering their application in affordable products and research. Therefore, we developed the open-source
ahoi
acoustic modem. It is (i) small enough to be carried by micro AUVs, (ii) consumes little enough energy to not diminish operation times of its host, (iii) comes at an attractive unit cost below $600, (iv) can reliably communicate at distances of 150 m and more, and (v) supports ranging without additional hardware. Due to its modular build, the modem can be customized and is suitable as research platform to analyze, e.g., MAC and routing protocols. We conducted extensive real-world studies and present results of communication range, packet reception rate, ranging accuracy, and efficient and reliable self-localization. Finally, we draw conclusions regarding acoustic communication, ranging, and localization with inexpensive and low-power devices that go beyond a particular device. Our study, hence, encompasses general insights, observations, and recommendations.
Distinct effects of thermal treatments after lengthening contraction on mechanical hyperalgesia and exercise-induced physiological changes in rat muscle
Authors: Tsuboshima Katsuyuki , Urakawa Susumu , Takamoto Kouichi , Taguchi Toru , Matsuda Teru , Sakai Shigekazu , Mizumura Kazue , Ono Taketoshi , Nishijo Hisao 
Published: January 2020

Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a common but displeasing event induced by excessive muscle use or unaccustomed exercise and characterized by tenderness and movement-related pain in the exercised muscle. Thermal therapies, either icing or heating applied to muscles immediately after exercise, have been used as therapeutic interventions for DOMS. However, the mechanisms of their analgesic effects, and physiological and metabolic changes in the muscle during thermal therapy, remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of both thermal treatments on mechanical hyperalgesia of DOMS and physiological and muscle metabolite changes using the rat DOMS model induced by lengthening contraction (LC) to the gastrocnemius muscle. Heating treatment just after LC induced analgesic effects, while rats with icing treatment showed mechanical hyperalgesia similar to that of the LC group. Furthermore, increased physiological responses (e.g., muscle temperature and blood flow) following the LC were significantly kept high only in the rats with heating treatment. In addition, heating treatment increased metabolites involved in the improvement of blood flow and oxidative metabolisms in the exercised muscle. The results indicated that heating treatment just after LC has analgesic effects on DOMS, which might be mediated partly through the improvement of muscle oxidative metabolisms by changes in metabolites and elevated physiological responses. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Physiological effects of thermal therapy in the muscle and its mechanisms of analgesic effects remain unclear. The results indicated that heating, but not icing, treatment just after lengthening contractions induced analgesic effects in the rat muscle. Increases in hemodynamics, muscle temperature, and metabolites such as nicotinamide were more prominent in heating treatment, consistent with improvement of muscle oxidative metabolisms, which might reduce chemical factors to induce mechanical hyperalgesia.
The proarrhythmic features of pathological cardiac hypertrophy in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocyte cultures
Authors: Neshati Zeinab , Schalij Martin J. , de Vries Antoine A. F. 
Published: January 2020

Different factors may trigger arrhythmias in diseased hearts, including fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, hypoxia, and inflammation. This makes it difficult to establish the relative contribution of each of them to the occurrence of arrhythmias. Accordingly, in this study, we used an in vitro model of pathological cardiac hypertrophy (PCH) to investigate its proarrhythmic features and the underlying mechanisms independent of fibrosis or other PCH-related processes. Neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocyte (nr-vCMC) monolayers were treated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to create an in vitro model of PCH. The electrophysiological properties of PMA-treated and control monolayers were analyzed by optical mapping at day 9 of culture. PMA treatment led to a significant increase in cell size and total protein content. It also caused a reduction in sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2 level (32%) and an increase in natriuretic peptide A (42%) and α1-skeletal muscle actin (34%) levels, indicating that the hypertrophic response induced by PMA was, indeed, pathological in nature. PMA-treated monolayers showed increases in action potential duration (APD) and APD dispersion, and a decrease in conduction velocity (CV; APD30 of 306 ± 39 vs. 148 ± 18 ms, APD30 dispersion of 85 ± 19 vs. 22 ± 7 and CV of 10 ± 4 vs. 21 ± 2 cm/s in controls). Upon local 1-Hz stimulation, 53.6% of the PMA-treated cultures showed focal tachyarrhythmias based on triggered activity ( n = 82), while the control group showed 4.3% tachyarrhythmias ( n = 70). PMA-treated nr-vCMC cultures may, thus, represent a well-controllable in vitro model for testing new therapeutic interventions targeting specific aspects of hypertrophy-associated arrhythmias. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment of neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (nr-vCMCs) led to induction of many significant features of pathological cardiac hypertrophy (PCH), including action potential duration prolongation and dispersion, which provided enough time and depolarizing force for formation of early afterdepolarization (EAD)-induced focal tachyarrhythmias. PMA-treated nr-vCMCs represent a well-controllable in vitro model, which mostly resembles to moderate left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) rather than severe LVH, in which generation of a reentry is the putative mechanism of its arrhythmias.
Exploiting TCR Recognition of Shared Hotspot Oncogene-encoded Neoantigens
Authors: Olivera Irene , Etxeberria Iñaki , Bolaños Elixabet , Gato-Cañas María , Melero Ignacio 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

T-cell recognizable p53 hotspot mutations offer opportunities for immunotherapy and immune monitoring. Recognition of p53 mutations by peripheral blood CD8 and CD4 T lymphocytes has been revealed.
See related article by Malekzadeh et al., p. 1267
Statins Disrupt Macrophage Rac1 Regulation Leading to Increased Atherosclerotic Plaque Calcification
Authors: Healy Abigail , Berus Joshua M. , Christensen Jared L. , Lee Cadence , Mantsounga Chris , Dong Willie , Watts Jerome P. , Assali Maen , Ceneri Nicolle , Nilson Rachael , Neverson Jade , Wu Wen-Chih , Choudhary Gaurav , Morrison Alan R. 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
Calcification of atherosclerotic plaque is traditionally associated with increased cardiovascular event risk; however, recent studies have found increased calcium density to be associated with more stable disease. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzymeA reductase inhibitors or statins reduce cardiovascular events. Invasive clinical studies have found that statins alter both the lipid and calcium composition of plaque but the molecular mechanisms of statin-mediated effects on plaque calcium composition remain unclear. We recently defined a macrophage Rac (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate)–IL-1β (interleukin-1 beta) signaling axis to be a key mechanism in promoting atherosclerotic calcification and sought to define the impact of statin therapy on this pathway.

Approach and Results:
Here, we demonstrate that statin therapy is independently associated with elevated coronary calcification in a high-risk patient population and that statins disrupt the complex between Rac1 and its inhibitor RhoGDI (Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor), leading to increased active (GTP bound) Rac1 in primary monocytes/macrophages. Rac1 activation is prevented by rescue with the isoprenyl precursor geranylgeranyl diphosphate. Statin-treated macrophages exhibit increased activation of NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells), increased IL-1β mRNA, and increased Rac1-dependent IL-1β protein secretion in response to inflammasome stimulation. Using an animal model of calcific atherosclerosis, inclusion of statin in the atherogenic diet led to a myeloid Rac1-dependent increase in atherosclerotic calcification, which was associated with increased serum IL-1β expression, increased plaque Rac1 activation, and increased plaque expression of the osteogenic markers, alkaline phosphatase and RUNX2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2).

Conclusions:
Statins are capable of increasing atherosclerotic calcification through disinhibition of a macrophage Rac1–IL-1β signaling axis.
High‐Sensitivity C‐Reactive Protein Discordance With Atherogenic Lipid Measures and Incidence of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Primary Prevention: The ARIC Study
Authors: Quispe Renato , Michos Erin D. , Martin Seth S. , Puri Rishi , Toth Peter P. , Al Suwaidi Jassim , Banach Maciej , Virani Salim S. , Blumenthal Roger S. , Jones Steven R. , Elshazly Mohamed B. 
Published: January 2020

Background

Inflammation is an independent causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (
ASCVDs
). However, whether hs
CRP
(high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein) is prognostic across various levels of atherogenic lipid measures such as low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, non–high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and total cholesterol/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol in primary prevention is unknown.

Methods and Results

We studied 9748
ARIC
(Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study participants who were free of
ASCVD
at baseline (visit 4, 1996–1998) and had measurements of lipids, apolipoprotein B, and hs
CRP
. We used multivariable adjusted Cox models to estimate the risk of incident
ASCVD
events associated with hs
CRP
levels (less than/greater than or equal to median) in individuals where triple lipid measures combined (low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol + non–high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol + apolipoprotein B) or quadruple measures combined [triple + total cholesterol/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol] were less than versus greater than or equal to median cut points. Mean age of participants was 62.6±5.6 years; 59% women, 22% black. There were 1574
ASCVD
events over median (interquartile range) follow‐up of 18.4 (12.8–19.5) years, and discordance between hs
CRP
and lipid measures was prevalent in 50% of the population. hs
CRP
greater than or equal to median (2.4 mg/L), compared with less than median, was associated with an increased risk of
ASCVD
in individuals with less than median levels of the triple (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.33; 95%
CI
, 1.09–1.60) and quadruple (adjusted hazard ratio,1.47; 95%
CI
, 1.18–1.85) lipid measures. Such increased risk was consistent among individuals with low (<7.5%) or high (≥7.5%) estimated risk by the pooled cohort equation. There were no interactions by sex, diabetes mellitus, or statin use.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that inflammation is independently associated with
ASCVD
regardless of atherogenic lipid levels and pooled cohort equation risk score in individuals without known
ASCVD
.
Selective interspecific information use in the nest choice of solitary bees
Authors: Loukola Olli J. , Gatto Elia , Híjar-Islas Ana C. , Chittka Lars 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Most of the studies on learning in bees have focused on the foraging context; we know little about the preferences and cognitive processes in nest-site selection, especially in solitary bees. The majority of the bee species are solitary and in contrast to eusocial bees, solitary bees’ cognition and social information use have remained largely unstudied. Solitary cavity-nesting mason bees (Osmia spp.) are an ideal system to study interspecific information use in nest choice in the wild as many species share similar nesting requirements. Here, we show that the blue mason bee (O. caerulescens) and the orange-vented mason bee (O. leaiana) examine hallmarks of parasitization of the nests of red mason bees (O. bicornis) before deciding where to establish their own nests. They were also presented with contextual cues (geometric symbols) that could be linked to parasitization by observational learning. Subjects subsequently had the choice of nesting in a nest site marked by the symbol that matched, or did not match, the one seen at the parasitized or healthy nest. We show that the bees copied and rejected the symbol of the examined nest manipulated to exhibit successful and unsuccessful nesting, respectively. We conclude that solitary bees use interspecific information in their nest-site selection. In contrast with current theories of species coexistence, niche overlap between species may dynamically change depending on the observed success of surrounding individuals.
Fair and Equitable Treatment in Saudi Bilateral Investment Treaties
Authors: Alshahrani Sarah 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Fair and equitable treatment (FET) is one of the general principles included in bilateral investment treaties (BITs) and it is as important as the expropriation clause. Recent investment tribunal practice has shown that FET is one of the most frequently invoked provisions. All Saudi BITs include an old version of the FET clause. However, the vagueness and ambiguity of FET can hold the country liable when it enacts measures in the public interest, and, therefore, a thorough analysis of the best formulation of FET is necessary in order to achieve predictability and certainty for both the investor and the host state, in addition to the need to widen the police power of host states.
The interaction of administrative tradition and organisational characteristics: the case of agency personnel management autonomy
Authors: Bach Tobias , Verhoest Koen , Wynen Jan 
Published: January 2020

Comparative scholars emphasise that public administration should be understood in terms of context-bound patterns of organising and decision-making. Agencies in the same context will display more commonalities than those in another. At the same time, there is good empirical evidence for organisational-level variation in decision-making. For instance, not all agencies in one country are delegated similar levels of personnel management autonomy. This article develops a theoretical argument about how administrative tradition moderates the effect of organisational drivers of personnel management autonomy. We identify the degree of uniformity embedded in administrative tradition as a key explanatory factor for this relationship. In empirical terms, the article compares the perceived personnel management autonomy of agencies in 10 European countries nested in three country clusters (Scandinavian, Latin-Napoleonic and Continental). The analysis confirms theoretical expectations about the context-specific effects of organisational characteristics on personnel management autonomy in agencies. Points for practitioners This article explains why agency managers’ perceived degree of personnel management autonomy varies between different administrative traditions. It shows that some contexts display a greater heterogeneity of delegating personnel management autonomy to agency managers, whereas other contexts are characterised by homogeneous practices of delegation to agencies of the same legal type. This finding suggests that changes in agencies’ legal type are important instruments of effective reform in high-uniformity contexts, whereas they will have only a limited effect in low-uniformity contexts.
Reduction of Postoperative Hip Arthroscopy Pain With an Ultrasound-Guided Fascia Iliaca Block: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Glomset John L. , Kim Eugene , Tokish John M. , Renfro Suzanne D. , Seckel Tyler B. , Adams Kyle J. , Folk Jason 
Published: January 2020

Background: Ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca blocks have been used for pain control after hip arthroscopy. There is little evidence regarding their effectiveness in comparison with other pain control modalities in patients who have undergone hip arthroscopy. Purpose: To compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided fascia iliac block with intra-articular ropivacaine in controlling pain after hip arthroscopy. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Between 2015 and 2017, patients (N = 95) undergoing hip arthroscopy were randomly assigned to 2 groups. The first group received an ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca block with 50 to 60 mL of 0.35% ropivacaine. The second group received an intra-articular injection of 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine at the completion of the surgical case. Primary outcomes were postoperative pain scores in the recovery room; at postanesthesia care unit (PACU) discharge; and at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 3 months. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative and PACU narcotic usage (converted to morphine equivalent use) as well as readmission rates, PACU recovery time, and postoperative nausea and vomiting. Results: Postoperative pain across all points did not significantly differ between the groups. Intraoperative and PACU narcotics did not differ significantly between the groups. Readmission rates, PACU recovery time, and postoperative nausea and vomiting did not significantly differ between the groups. There were no associated complications in either group. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca block for hip arthroscopy had no clinical advantage when compared with onetime intra-articular ropivacaine injection. Registration: NCT02365961 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Effects of combined electroacupuncture and exercise training on motor function and microtubule-associated protein 2 expression in the middle and late stages of cerebral infarction in rats
Authors: Yu Qian , Li Xiaohong , Li Yamei , Fu Jing , Xiao Zhongxin 
Published: January 2020

Objective: To evaluate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) combined with exercise training on motor function and microtubule-associated protein (MAP)-2 in the hippocampal CA3 region of rats in the middle and late stages of cerebral infarction, and explore potential underlying mechanisms of action. Methods: A total of 80 Wistar rats were randomly divided into model, EA, training and EA + training groups (n = 20 per group) after establishing the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of cerebral infarction. Rats were treated with EA and/or training in the sixth week post-MCAO. After receiving 2 weeks of treatment, motor function was assessed and MAP-2 expression in the CA3 region was measured using an immunohistochemical method. Results: Compared to the model group, significant differences in walking stick, balance beam and screen capture ability were detected in the EA, training and EA + training groups (p < 0.05). The EA + training group showed greater improvements than the EA and training groups (p < 0.05 each). Significant differences in MAP-2 expression were detected in the EA, training and EA + training groups compared to the model group (p < 0.05). MAP-2 expression was higher in the EA + training group than in the EA and training groups (p < 0.05 each). Conclusion: MAP-2 expression and motor functional recovery were higher in the combined therapy (EA + training) group compared to the monotherapy (EA or training) groups. EA combined with exercise training appeared to significantly promote the recovery of motor function in the middle and late stages of cerebral infarction in this rat model.