bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the parameters of contact interaction and wear of parts with cylindrical friction surfaces
Authors: Gorlenko A. O. , Ageev E. V. , Shevtsov M. Yu. 
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the presented research work was to evaluate various factors affecting the wear process of parts with cylindrical friction surfaces, which will allow to simulate their contact interaction taking into account the parameters of roughness and physico-mechanical properties of the surface layer.Methods. Modeling of the process of contact interaction of cylindrical surfaces is performed by considering the sliding contact of two cylindrical surfaces, represented as the contact of a smooth elastic sleeve and a shaft with the given (equivalent) values of roughness parameters. The modeling takes into account elastic deformations of conjugate bodies, as well as elastic-plastic deformations of micro-dimensions. When modeling a geometric contact, a certain section of the cylindrical surface is considered, located along the plane forming in the section of the cylinder passing through its axis. This section of the cylindrical surface is considered as an elementary area of the total geometric contact area of cylindrical surfaces and is a section of a cylindrical surface, the width of which is determined by the length of the larger axis of the ellipse at the base of the elliptical paraboloid when modeling a rough surface.Results. Based on the modeling of the contact interaction of cylindrical surfaces, the main factors influencing the process of their wear are established, such as: the actual contact area; the amount of convergence of the contacting surfaces; the actual pressure; the intensity of wear of the mating cylindrical surfaces. A kinetic wear model is proposed that takes into account the parameters of the roughness and physico-mechanical properties of the surface layer.Conclusion. Based on the proposed model of wear of parts with cylindrical friction surfaces, taking into account the parameters of roughness and physico-mechanical properties of the surface layer, it became possible to provide the required intensity of wear of cylindrical friction surfaces.
Medical and legal significance of assessing the probability of brain death in patients after intraoperative cardiac arrest and successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Vinogradov V. L. , Pletyanova I. V. , Gubarev K. K. 
Published: December 2024

Background. After successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation for intraoperative cardiac arrest, most patients die in the Intensive Care Unit from multiple organ failure, cardiovascular complications that develop after hypoxic-ischemic damage to the central nervous system. In some patients whose heart is still beating in conditions of mechanical ventilation, a complete and irreversible cessation of all brain functions may occur, that is, brain death.Objective. Based on clinical criteria, we made an attempt to assess the likelihood of developing a condition consistent with the diagnosis of brain death in those who sustained cardiac arrest during surgery or other medical manipulation and underwent successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation, but died later in the Intensive Care Unit.Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of medical records related to 45 clinical cases was performed to assess the likelihood of brain death according to the Quality Assurance Programme in the Deceased Donation Process (QAPDD) methodology, which has been used during an external audit in hospitals of Spain and specifically focused on the donation process after brain death.Results. In 30 (66.7%) patients, based on the proposed criteria, a high probability of developing brain death was noted. At the same time, in 27 (90%) cases, clinical signs of brain death were noted within the first 6 days after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Biological death in these patients was ascertained within 1 to 119 days from the moment of the development of clinical signs of brain death.Inference. The concept of brain death has serious medical, economic, legal, and ethical implications. When clinical suspicion of brain death arises, it is important that all such undergo standard diagnostic procedures to objectively rule out or confirm the diagnosis of brain death.Conclusion. The probability brain death occurrence in patients after intraoperative cardiac arrest and successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation is statistically siqnificant at 66.7% (p=0.0196).
Results of assessing the dynamics of ophthalmological complications in chronic kidney disease patients after kidney transplantation
Authors: Mavlyanova U. F. , Yusupov A. F. , Bakhritdinov F. Sh. , Ashirmatova Kh. S. 
Published: December 2024

Objective. The study objective was to investigate the dynamics of opthalmological complications in the non-diabetic end-stage chronic kidney disease in patients after kidney transplantation.Material and methods. A long-term observation was conducted to assess the changes in morphofunctional parameters of eyes in patients of the study group (after kidney transplantation, n=135 (269 eyes)) and the comparison group (continued on hemodialysis, n=81 (162 eyes)) over 18 months. Both general and specialized ophthalmological investigation methods were employed.Results. The observation showed a positive trend in patients after kidney transplantation, which was manifested by reduced corneal and conjunctival calcification. In the comparison group, both an increase and decrease in qualitative signs of retinopathy were seen as based on optical coherence tomography data, while in the study group, most retinopathy signs decreased, indicating a positive trend possibly brought about by the kidney transplantation. Analysis of optical coherence tomography quantitative parameters showed an improvement in central choroidal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in the study group.Conclusion. Kidney transplantation in patients with the non-diabetic end-stage chronic kidney disease leads to a reduction in ophthalmological complications both in the anterior eye segment (reduced corneal and conjunctival calcification) and in its posterior segment (improved optical coherence tomography retinal parameters).
Changes in graft density after effective treatment of recurrent hepatitis C in liver transplant recipients during long-term follow-up
Authors: Syutkin V. E. , Mazurchik N. V. , Maltseva A. P. , Niyazov A. R. , Yaremin B. I. 
Published: December 2024

Background. The main mechanism underlying the progression of chronic liver transplant disease is an increase in fibrosis, which is associated with an increase in liver density. An effective antiviral therapy for recurrent hepatitis C has led to the increased graft and recipient survival rates.Objective. To study the long-term effect of successful antiviral therapy on changes in the graft fibrosis stage in liver transplant recipients with recurrent hepatitis C.Material and methods. Transient elastography was used to study the change in liver density in 33 liver transplant recipients with recurrent hepatitis C before the start of antiviral therapy and 54 months (IQR: 37;59) after its completion. The median liver densities before antiviral therapy and at the end of follow–up were 7.8 kPa (IQR: 6.1;12.0), and 6.4 kPa, respectively (IQR: 5.5;7.7; p<0.0001). Upon completion of the follow–up, the fibrosis stage decreased by 2 in 4 (12.1%) recipients, by 1 in 8 (24.2%) recipients. In 19 (57.6%) cases, the stage of fibrosis did not change, and in 2 (6.1%) recipients it increased by 1. No clear correlations were found between any of the following parameters: alanine aminotransferase activity, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity, body mass index and the liver density assessed before the start of antiviral therapy and on follow-up completion.Conclusion. Effective antiviral therapy leads to a long-term (over 4-5 years) decrease in liver density, which is largely due to the slowdown and reverse progression of liver fibrosis. The effect of non-HCV-related risk factors on liver density in this patient population is not significant.
Effect of DNA target size on the efficiency of chimerism measurement in circulating free plasma DNA
Authors: Nikulina E. E. , Risinskaya N. V. , Dubova O. E. , Sumtsova O. V. , Moysyuk Ya. G. , Vasilieva V. A. , Soloveva M. V. , Yushkova A. A. , Fevraleva I. S. , Skripkina A. S. , Makarik A. A. , Sudarikov A. B. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The analysis of free circulating DNA (cfDNA) holds promise for molecular diagnostics, but its fragmentation and low concentration can complicate PCR analysis.Objective. To investigate the effect of target length on the amplification efficiency of Y-chromosome markers from cfDNA.Material and methods. Fifty cfDNA samples were obtained from 39 patients: patients after liver transplantation (n=19), patients with acute leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (n=10), and pregnant women (n=10). In addition, we prepared 16 chimeric samples by sequential dilution of male cfDNA into female cfDNA from healthy donors. We determined the proportion of male cfDNA using the Y-chromosome marker S02, which is 211 bp in length as suggested by M. Alizadeh et al. We also modified Alizadeh's primer design to obtain a DNA target with a length of 138 bp. The proportion of male cfDNA was also determined by fragment analysis using the amelogenin Y marker (84 bp) from the COrDIS Plus kit (Gordiz LLC, Russia).Results. In the three groups of patients, amplification of male cfDNA was more efficient when shorter DNA targets were used (p<0.05). In artificially created ‘chimeras’ with a known ratio of male to female cfDNA, analysis of a marker of 84 bp in length gave values closest to the real ones.Conclusions. In the quantitative models tested so far, shorter PCR targets are preferred for the analysis of cfDNA.
Potential of X-ray endovascular technologies in the correction of rare vascular complications after kidney transplantation
Authors: Shabunin A. V. , Bedin V. V. , Arablinskii A. V. , Minina M. G. , Tsurkan V. A. , Drozdov P. A. , Nesterenko I. V. , Tseloeva A. Kh. , Kolbasova Yu. V. , Semenova L. P. , Vetlugina E. Yu. 
Published: December 2024

Objective. The paper aims at demonstrating the efficacy of endovascular interventional techniques in the treatment of rare vascular complications after kidney transplantation.Material and methods. Recipients of renal grafts obtained from a deceased donor developed the following complications: a false aneurysm of the interlobar renal artery after lymphocele puncture in one case and a subintimal hematoma of the external iliac artery with subocclusion of the latter and impaired perfusion of the renal graft in the other one.Results. These complications were successfully managed using X-ray endovascular technologies, which allowed saving the renal grafts in both cases with satisfactory long-term results.Conclusion. Early diagnosis and endovascular technologies made it possible to cope with complications minimally invasively and prevent the development of adverse events in the long term.
Advancements in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy: A comprehensive tool for pharmaceutical research
Authors: Bešić Erim , Rajić Zrinka , Šakić Davor 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy has long been established across various scientific disciplines for characterizing organic radicals, organometallic complexes, protein structures and dynamics, polymerization processes, and radical degradation phenomena. Despite its extensive utility in these areas, EPR spectroscopy’s application within pharmaceutical science has historically been constrained, primarily due to factors such as high equipment costs, a steep learning curve, complex spectral deconvolution and analysis, and a traditional lack of emphasis on single-electron chemistry in pharmaceutical research. This review aims to provide a thorough examination of EPR spectroscopy’s applications in analyzing a wide array of para-magnetic species relevant to pharmaceutical research. We detail how EPR spectroscopy can be employed to assess free radical scavenging properties in pharmaceutical compounds, elucidate drug mechanisms of action, and explore pharmacokinetics. Additionally, we investigate the role of free radicals in drug-induced toxicity and drug-membrane interactions, while also covering the application of EPR spectroscopy in drug delivery research, advanced studies of metallodrugs, and monitoring of oxygen levels in biological systems through EPR oximetry. The recent advancements in the miniaturization of EPR spectro meters have paved the way for their application in on-site and in-line mo nitoring during the manufacturing process and quality control of pharmaceutical substances and final drug formulations due to being the only direct and non-invasive detection technique for radical detection.
Through these discussions, we highlight the substantial contributions of EPR spectroscopy to the advancement of pharmaceutical sciences.
A Fast and Accurate Method for the Quantification of Doxycycline in Goat Plasma and Milk by HPLC Using a Fluorescence Detector
Authors: Martínez José , Hernandis Verónica , Badillo Elena , Escudero Elisa , Yuste María Teresa , Galecio Juan Sebastián , Marín Pedro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Doxycycline is an antimicrobial agent used in veterinary medicine to treat a variety of bacterial infections. To date, no analytical technique utilising HPLC with fluorescence detection has been documented for the quantification of doxycycline concentrations in goat plasma or milk. Consequently, the objective of the present study was to propose a rapid HPLC assay with fluorescence detection for the quantification of doxycycline in the aforementioned samples, thereby facilitating the conduct of pharmacokinetic studies and the detection of residues in diverse goat tissues. Proteins were precipitated with methanol and trifluoroacetic acid in a single step. Doxycycline was separated on a XBRIDGE C18 column using an isocratic method. Sample volume injected into the HPLC system was 50 µl. Fluorescence detection was conducted with an excitation wavelength of 380 nm and an emission wavelength of 520 nm. The retention times of doxycycline and danofloxacin (internal standard) were determined to be 8.0 and 5.5 minutes, respectively. The calibration curves for plasma and milk exhibited linearity over the concentration range of 0.1 to 2 μg/mL. The limit of detection was 0.065 μg/ mL, while the limit of quantification was 0.1 μg/mL in both matrices. The accuracy and precision of the method were consistently within the limits of 10.9% for plasma and 10.5% for milk. The findings of this study may be employed in the quantification of doxycycline in goat plasma and milk, thus facilitating the conduct of pharmacokinetic studies.
Hematological, Biochemical and Cytokine Profiles in Cattle: Effects of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Infection and Farm Size
Authors: Nongbua Thanapol , Srinontong Piyarat , Tippramuan Pummarin , Aengwanich Worapol , Ounpomma Dilok , Wu Zhiliang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a contagious viral disease of cattle. This experiment aimed to study the influence of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) infection and farm size on hematological, biochemical parameters and cytokines in 55 beef cattle. The groups included LSDV–infected cattle from large farms (Group 1), LSDV–infected cattle from small farms (Group 2), uninfected cattle from large farms (Group 3), and uninfected cattle from small farms (Group 4). The hematological, biochemical values and cytokine profiles were measured. The results showed that red blood cells, hemoglobin, platelets, white blood cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes were higher in infected cattle than in the uninfected cattle. The level of eosinophils of the cattle from the large farm was higher than that of the small farm. Gamma glutamyl transferase in the infected cattle was higher than in the uninfected cattle. Albumin of the cattle from the small farm was higher than that from the large farm. IFN–γ in infected cattle was higher than in uninfected cattle, while TNF–α in the infected cattle was lower than in the uninfected cattle. Our study indicated that LSDV infection altered hematological and biochemical parameters, including cytokine profiles, with farm size potentially influencing these alterations.
The Impact of Sectoral Growth on Algeria’s Tourism Performance
Authors: Charchafa Ilyes , Kimouche Bilal 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates whether sectoral growth (agriculture, manufacturing, service, infrastructure and public works) affects tourism performance (international tourism receipts) in Algeria during the period 1997-2019 before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study relied on the Cointegration test and the Error Correction Model and adopted the reverse causality from the growth-based tourism hypothesis. The findings showed that there are no relationships between sectoral growth in agriculture and manufacturing on the one hand and tourism performance on the other, and there is no effect of service sector growth on tourism performance. However, a low positive impact of the sectoral growth in infrastructure and public works on tourism performance was found. These results indicate that the reverse causality from the growth-based tourism hypothesis is not valid in Algeria. Therefore, Algerian authorities are required to intensify the interaction and integration between various sectors, with a special interest in the tourism industry.
Military Spending in the Context of National and Global Security
Authors: Floştoiu Sebastian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Military spending plays an essential role in maintaining national security and global stability, being an important indicator of a state’s strategic priorities. While some countries increase their defense budgets to deal with external threats, others choose to invest in international cooperation and joint security measures. This dynamic creates both opportunities and risks. On the one hand, adequate financing of the military sector can prevent conflicts through effective deterrence; on the other hand, an arms race can heighten international tensions. This article examines the implications of military spending from a dual perspective: its impact on national security and its influence on global security. We will examine two aspects: how defense budgets reflect the domestic security priorities of states and how they contribute to the balance of power at the international level, with an emphasis on the challenges and risks associated with the uncontrolled growth of military spending.
Influence of Sand Gradation on Volumetric Weigh and Compressive Strength of Pavement Foam Mortar
Authors: Basri Doni Rinaldi , Putri Elsa Eka , Adji Bayu Martanto , Hakam Abdul 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Foam mortar is a substitute for sub-base layers and base layers in road pavement construction on peat soil, which has the advantages of lightness, strength, and self-compacting. Sand is one of the building blocks of foam mortar. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of the gradation of sand on the resulting physical and mechanical properties of foam mortar (foam concrete). In this research, six gradations of sand were made (gradations of 3 sand sources and 3 gradations based on pusjatan standards) and then used in the manufacture of foam mortar and analyzed for volumetric weigh and compressive strength. Foam mortar from the six gradations of sand, it is concluded that gradation no. 6 (lower limit of pusjatan gradation) with a value of volumetric weigh is 0.97 t/m3 does not float perfectly in water, and no. 1 to 5 (gradation of 3 sand sources and 2 gradations of Pusjatan upper limit and middle) with a volumetric weigh is 0.83 t/m3 - 0.93 t/m3 floats in water. The compressive strength values of the 6 gradations are above 2000 kPa and can be used as foundation layers in road pavements.
Evaluation of Face Stability for Mega Tunnel Under Varying Ground Strength Parameters
Authors: Deshpande Shilpa , Hedaoo Namdeo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Transportation demands in developing countries necessitate the use of underground infrastructure, notably tunnels, which also serve as storage spaces for vehicles and military equipment, expanding their utility. Mega Tunnels, defined as those with a diameter exceeding 10m, offer diverse functionalities, including facilitating the storage and movement of large equipment and establishing comprehensive operational systems for urban areas. However, ensuring the stability of these tunnels’ faces poses a significant challenge due to their larger diameter, making it a crucial research focus. This study investigates the impact of various geological strength variables, such as Young’s modulus and coefficient of lateral earth pressure, on Mega Tunnel face stability. Employing the numerical analysis-based computational tool Midas Gts Nx, three-dimensional modelling was conducted to analyze Mega Tunnels. A parametric study involving approximately 40 models was undertaken, focusing on key locations including the crown, invert, and vertical sidewalls. Variable parameters such as critical cover-to-diameter ratio (C/D), Young’s modulus, and coefficient of lateral earth pressure were examined. The findings highlight the significant influence of geological strength characteristics on tunnel face stability prediction. This research offers valuable insights for the planning and design of Mega Tunnels in urban areas during the preplanning phase, enhancing their efficiency and effectiveness.
Study Experimental on Strength Characteristics of Alkali-Activated Pofa to Soil Stabilization as Subgrade
Authors: Toyeb Muhammad , Hakam Abdul , Fauzan  , Andriani  
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The subgrade’s good performance is required to support the upper layers. Excessive subgrade deformation causes a degradation in pavement performance. Traditionally, cement is used to improve it, but it’s environmentally unfriendly. Recently, modern methods have been needed to diminish cement use. This study aims to promote Alkali activator POFA (AAP) as a soil mixture binder for the subgrade layer. The subgrade behaviour was assessed by plate load and CBR test on soil, soil-POFA, and soil-AAP mixtures, as well as with SEM morphology observation. The soil is clayey sand with poor gradation. Applying a 2.0 KN load to soil and soil-POFA mixtures obtained decreased deformation in settlements from 3.77 to 3.21 mm. Meanwhile, the soil-AAP mixture exhibited a lower settlement of 0.86 mm only with applied a 5.0 KN load and has bearing capacity with maximum load of 45 kN. Furthermore, a significant increase in the CBR value from 4.4% to 54.0%. The soil-AAP stabilization can improve the mechanism characteristic of the soil becoming denser and reduce deformation. Incorporation of the POFA and alkali activator into soil mixtures leads to the reaction of aluminosilicate synthesis type C-S-H gel. Hence, the AAP is feasible for promoting modern stabilization.