bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying Vertical Land Motion and Underground Water Changes Using Space Geodetic Technique: Case Study in Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Azmi Shahrul Mardhiah , Din Ami Hassan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Geodetic methods are used to track the amount of vertical land displacement resulting from the extraction of surplus water from beneath. Excessive use of groundwater without recharge causes sediment deposition. It will bring a lower water level. When water has been pumped through the aquifer, the pore pressure can be reduced in the aquifer and will cause compaction of the aquifer. Excessive extraction of groundwater might result in land subsidence. The purpose of this study is to quantifying the vertical ground movement and underground changes in the area of Kota Bahru, and Tumpat in the state of Kelantan. The geodetic approach employed for quantifying land deformation involves the utilization of Persistent Scatterer InSAR (PS InSAR), while the monitoring of groundwater changes is accomplished by applying Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE). This analysis utilises 20 sentinel 1A scenes captured on the descending tracks between November 2015 and February 2021. In order to ascertain the rate of deformation in the research region, the GPS data obtained at the GETI station were compared. GRACE gravity data from 2003 to 2021 are used to calculate changes in terrestrial water storage (TWS) in the study region. GRACE offers temporal fluctuations in TWS, which includes soil moisture, surface water, and groundwater. According to the findings, the rate of land subsidence in Kota Bharu and Tumpat is around -0.6 mm/year, and -4.1 mm/year respectively. Results from GRACE shows that the equivalent water height at the study area is Kota Bharu -5.2336mm/yr and and Tumpat -4.0982 mm/yr. The findings indicate a correlation between changes in groundwater levels and vertical land movement as determined by various geodetic methods.
LiDAR’s role in advancing geological modelling and enhancing geotechnical design efficiency
Authors: Razli Mohamad Rashidi bin , Razali Ahmad Daniel bin , Ruhadi Nik Muhammad Rusyairie bin N , Aripin Mohamad Faruq Syahmi , Hellmy Muhammad Afiq Ariff Mohd , Hamat Muhammad Faris Qusyairi bin , Jaapar Abd Rasid bin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In Malaysia’s tropical climate region, dense vegetation and intense weathering processes obstruct the identification of geological features critical for modelling and geotechnical design. This study examines the capabilities and limitations of LiDAR technology in capturing terrain information in tropical climate regions, addressing challenges such as canopy cover and atmospheric conditions. By employing low-altitude flight missions below 100 meters with sufficient overlap, one can acquired 2 cm Ground Sample Distance (GSD) using UAV LiDAR. Manual and automated data classification was combined to enhance terrain determination. Simultaneously, the Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) process improved terrain representation for Digital Surface Models (DSM) and Digital Terrain Models (DTM). The results revealed detailed geomorphological features, focusing on landslides, through a 3D terrain model. This method enhances geological hazard assessment by providing precise terrain cross-sections and accurate locations for geotechnical design mitigation. The study concludes that strategic data acquisition and processing methods are vital to overcome challenges posed by vegetation density and terrain complexity, maximizing LiDAR’s potential to enhance geological modelling and geotechnical design efficiency in tropical environments.
Enhancing Rice Crop Monitoring Through UAV Imagery And GIS Analysis
Authors: Halip Rowena Mat , Che’Ya Nik Norasma , Rosle Rhushalshafira , Ismail Mohd Razi , Berahim Zulkarami , Omar Mohamad Husni 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are becoming increasingly important in many industries, and agriculture is no exception. This study aimed to monitor rice fields by using UAV-based imagery to map rice fields thoroughly and using on-the-ground Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) data to evaluate crop health. A series of UAV-captured photos were analyzed as part of the inquiry, and the results included the creation of reclassification maps and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which were reinforced by GIS analysis. The results show that during the 11-day post-sowing phase, a portion of the crop area has low vegetation value, with 44% showing lower vegetation values in the range of 0 to 0.32. During the vegetative stages, the NDVI trend shows a progressive increase from non-vegetation to lower vegetation values. Particularly, the NDVI score increases during the booting and blooming stages, reaching its maximum at 74 days after sowing (DAS) at around 53% coverage for higher vegetation. An examination of data from ground samples reveals a positive connection (r=0.7696) between the mean NDVI values and SPAD measurements. The research findings indicate that analysing the series of UAV images enables the evaluation of vegetation health through the examination of NDVI value trends across multiple flight sessions. This approach is valuable reference for identifying specific areas of interest to facilitate effective monitoring.
Assessing and addressing energy cooling demand in Malaysia’s buildings: a comprehensive review
Authors: Abdullah Wiliyan Ricky , Azri Suhaibah , Ujang Uznir 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Cooling processes play a crucial role in addressing diverse societal needs, particularly in providing thermal comfort and mitigating overheating risks, especially in hot and humid climates like Malaysia. This paper explores the significant contribution of space cooling to peak electricity demand and reviews existing research methodologies for assessing and predicting energy cooling requirements. Various approaches have been employed, often tailored to specific applications and needs. Notably, Geographic Information System (GIS)-based procedures have emerged as effective tools for estimating energy demand profiles by integrating energy performance data with georeferenced building stock. Through a synthesis of current knowledge, this review underscores the importance of understanding the energy cooling demand in Malaysian buildings and emphasises the necessity of incorporating geospatial elements in assessing cooling needs. By identifying research gaps, this article contributes to advancing our understanding of cooling demand dynamics and informs future research directions in this crucial domain.
Environmental assessment of radionuclide exposure in packaged borehole water exploited from crystalline rocks in Ogbomoso
Authors: Oladipo A. E. , Aremu A. A. , Adeniji A. A. , Ayinla T. O. , Babarimisa I. O. , Morakinyo R. O. , Araka I. O. , James U. E. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The amounts of naturally occurring radionuclides (40K, 238U and 232Th) in packaged borehole water manufacture have been investigated in this work. Furthermore, the buildup of radioactive materials in drinking water presents a direct path for human population exposure to internal radiation. The amount of radioactivity in the processed and unprocessed water samples was measured using gamma spectrometry and a computer-resident quantum multichannel analyser (MCA 2100R) connected to a well-calibrated and shielded NaI (Tl) detector. From the results, it was revealed that the values of activity concentration of processed water ranges between 50.46 ± 3.14 Bq/L to 102.18 ± 14.07 Bq/L, 7.92 ± 4.46 to 16.71 Bq/L, and 10.00 ± 0.84 Bq/L to 14.87 ± 4.03 Bq/L for 40K, 238U and 232Th, respectively. Also, the results obtained for the activity concentration of unprocessed water ranges between 74.51 ± 3.51 Bq/L to 102.21 ± 7.23 Bq/L, 14.86 ± 1.91 Bq/L to 19.87 ± 3.10 Bq/L and 10.00 ± 3.36 Bq/L to 17.79 ± 4.43 Bq/L for 40K, 238U and 232Th, respectively. The results confirmed the presence of40K as a principal occurring radionuclide in the water samples. The annual effective dose for processed water ranges from 0.012 to 0.017 mSyr−1, while it ranges between 0.015 and 0.020 mSyr−1 for unprocessed water. Results in the present study fall below 0.1 mSyr−1, which is the acceptable limit recommended by International Commission on Radiological Protection standard value.
Object construction via the action-perception helix, Bayesian inference and metaphorisation
Authors: Valdés-Zorrilla Amaranta , Letelier Juan-Carlos , Soto-Andrade Jorge 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Since von Uexküll we know that organisms are cognitive devices, which construct the objects in their Umwelt. Here, expanding on previous work, we show how this construction is carried out through the mechanism of Structural Coupling, which is a process linking an organism and its medium through a never ending sequence of concatenated perception ↺ action loops. Every perception triggers complex patterns of concentration changes of molecules (called internal signals) that select a specific action as the outcome of a Bayesian inference mechanism undergoing continuous Hebbian-like updating. The relation between perception and action is a complex and plastic one, and we put forward that a categorical approach in terms of stochastic mappings and functors would be most commendable to make sense of living systems as cognitive devices. We discuss the updating mechanism of stochastic mappings (conditional probability matrices). Finally, we elaborate on the process of metaphorising, from both a macro and a micro viewpoints. The former sees, from an eagle’s viewpoint, metaphors as functors between inferential categories; the latter sees the emergence of metaphorising as a biological mechanism in the unfolding of the never ending perception ↺ action helix by means of which a living system constructs its Umwelt. We illustrate our viewpoints with the help of various examples in mathematical cognition.
Identification of promising dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitors from selected terpenoids through molecular modeling
Authors: Ogunyemi Oludare M , Gyebi Gideon A , Olawale Femi , Ibrahim Ibrahim M , Iwaloye Opeyemi , Fabusiwa Modupe M , Omowaye Stephen , Oloyede Omotade I , Olaiya Charles O 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Investigating novel drug–target interactions is crucial for expanding the chemical space of emerging therapeutic targets in human diseases. Herein, we explored the interactions of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B with selected terpenoids from African antidiabetic plants.

Results
Using molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, molecular mechanics with generalized Born and surface area solvation-free energy, and density functional theory analyses, the study revealed dipeptidyl peptidase-4 as a promising target. Cucurbitacin B, 6-oxoisoiguesterin, and 20-epi-isoiguesterinol were identified as potential dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors with strong binding affinities. These triterpenoids interacted with key catalytic and hydrophobic pockets of dipeptidyl peptidase-4, demonstrating structural stability and flexibility under dynamic conditions, as indicated by dynamics simulation parameters. The free energy analysis further supported the binding affinities in dynamic environments. Quantum mechanical calculations revealed favorable highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy profiles, indicating the suitability of the hits as proton donors and acceptors, which likely enhance their molecular interactions with the targets. Moreover, the terpenoids showed desirable drug-like properties, suggesting their potential as safe and effective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors. These findings may pave the way for the development of novel antidiabetic agents and nutraceuticals based on these promising in silico hits.

Availability and implementation
Not applicable.
Anaemia predicts iron homoeostasis dysregulation and modulates the response to empagliflozin in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: the EMPATROPISM-FE trial
Authors: Angermann Christiane E , Sehner Susanne , Gerhardt Louisa M S , Santos-Gallego Carlos G , Requena-Ibanez Juan Antonio , Zeller Tanja , Maack Christoph , Sanz Javier , Frantz Stefan , Ertl Georg , Badimon Juan J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) impact iron metabolism in patients with heart failure but mechanisms are incompletely understood. This post hoc analysis explored interrelations between iron homeostasis, cardiac structure/function, exercise capacity, haematopoiesis, and sympathetic activity at baseline, and the effects of 6-month treatment with empagliflozin vs. placebo by anaemia status in EMPATROPISM-FE study participants.

Methods
Myocardial iron content (MIC, estimated by cardiac magnetic resonance T2* imaging), left ventricular (LV) volumes and LV ejection fraction (LVEF), exercise capacity, laboratory iron markers (LIM), haemoglobin/haematocrit, erythropoietin, and plasma norepinephrine were determined at baseline and 6 months.

Results
At baseline, 24/80 participants (30%) had anaemia (haemoglobin &lt; 13/&lt;12 mg/dL in men/women). Patients with vs. without anaemia had higher T2* (indicating lower MIC, P &lt; .001), lower peak oxygen consumption (VO2max, P = .024) and hepcidin (P = .017), and higher erythropoietin (P = .040) and norepinephrine (P = .016). Across subgroups, lower MIC correlated with higher LV volumes (P &lt; .01) and norepinephrine (P &lt; .001), and lower LVEF (P &lt; .01), VO2max (P &lt; .001) and haemoglobin/haematocrit (P &lt; .001). Associations with LIM were poor (all P &gt; .10). Empagliflozin increased MIC (P &lt; .012), improved exercise capacity, and activated haematopoiesis. Changes in LIM and norepinephrine suggested progressive systemic iron depletion and sympatholysis. LV reverse remodelling was greater in individuals with anaemia.

Conclusions
Dysregulated cellular iron uptake/availability may be a shared mechanism in myocardial structural/functional impairment, reduced exercise capacity, and restricted haematopoiesis in heart failure, which are worse in patients with anaemia, and improve with empagliflozin. Empagliflozin increases MIC and decreases norepinephrine. Given this inverse association, sympatholysis may help explain the diverse cardiac and systemic benefits from SGLT2i therapy.

Clinical Trial Registration
NCT03485222 (www.clinicaltrials.gov).
The microbiome of a perennial cereal differs from annual winter wheat only in the root endosphere
Authors: Michl Kristina , Kanasugi Makoto , Förster Alena , Wuggenig Regina , Issifu Sulemana , Hrynkiewicz Katarzyna , Emmerling Christoph , David Christophe , Dumont Benjamin , Mårtensson Linda-Maria Dimitrova , Rasche Frank , Berg Gabriele , Cernava Tomislav 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The intensification of agriculture has led to environmental degradation, including the loss of biodiversity. This has prompted interest in perennial grain cropping systems to address and mitigate some of these negative impacts. In order to determine if perennial grain cultivation promotes a higher microbial diversity, we assessed the endophytic microbiota of a perennial grain crop (intermediate wheatgrass, Thinopyrum intermedium L.) in comparison to its annual counterpart, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The study covered three sampling sites in a pan-European gradient (Sweden, Belgium, and France), two plant genotypes, three plant compartments (roots, stems, and leaves), and two sampling time points. We observed that the host genotype effect was mainly evident in the belowground compartment, and only to a lesser extent in the aboveground tissues, with a similar pattern at all three sampling sites. Moreover, intermediate wheatgrass roots harbored a different bacterial community composition and higher diversity and richness compared to their annual counterparts. The root bacterial diversity was influenced by not only several soil chemical parameters, such as the carbon:nitrogen ratio, but also soil microbial parameters, such as soil respiration and dehydrogenase activity. Consistent findings across time and space suggest stable mechanisms in microbiota assembly associated with perennial grain cropping, underscoring their potential role in supporting biodiversity within sustainable agricultural systems.
Low-frequency reconstruction of seismic data using stacked-BiLSTM networks
Authors: Na Daeun , Lee Dawoon , Kim Young Seo , Chung Wookeen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Seismic data is often contaminated with various low-frequency noises such as swell noise, instrumental noise, and tow noise. Typically, in the processing of seismic data, a high-pass filter is used to eliminate these unwanted low-frequency components. However, this filtering not only removes noise but also eliminates meaningful low-frequency signals essential for broadband seismic imaging. Numerous studies have been conducted to reconstruct low-frequency components by using machine learning techniques. However, most studies use convolutional neural networks and transform the data into image form rather than raw time-series data directly. In this study, we propose a low-frequency reconstruction method based on a recurrent neural network tailored to the sequence nature of seismic data. To improve the accuracy of the low-frequency component reconstruction network, we augment the feature information by incorporating envelope data, which provides additional aspects to seismic traces. Synthetic data tests confirm that our proposed method can reconstruct low-frequency components accurately. Furthermore, the validated network also successfully reconstructs low-frequency components in real dataset from the Arctic Sea.
Systematic review of interventions for dietary adherence in pediatric disease management
Authors: Towner Elizabeth K , Gibbs Heather D , Hu Ella , Patton Susana R 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
Though diet is important in the management of many pediatric chronic medical conditions, the last comprehensive review of interventions targeting dietary adherence was published over 20 years ago. This systematic review provides an update on efficacy and existing gaps for dietary adherence interventions in pediatric disease management.

Method
We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, PsychINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus up to July 1, 2023 for randomized controlled or clinical trials of interventions that targeted dietary adherence in youth 0–18 years old with a chronic medical condition (not obesity), included nutrition education and behavioral/psychological support, and reported dietary adherence outcomes. We identified manuscripts (N = 15) that spanned four broad diet types (healthy, carbohydrate-modified, elimination, single-nutrient modified), 10 pediatric chronic medical conditions, and 1,110 participants. Primary (dietary adherence) and secondary (disease metrics) outcome findings are organized by diet type; other descriptive information is collapsed across trials.

Results
Overall, interventions yielded moderate-high adherence for most diet types. Interventions used similar approaches for nutrition education (e.g., meal plans) and behavioral support (e.g., goal setting, monitoring, feedback). Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Criteria Checklist for Primary Research (Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence Analysis Process) revealing bias may be present in five trials.

Conclusions
Interventions targeting dietary adherence remain sparse. Research is needed to examine adherence in all pediatric chronic conditions where diet is a component of disease management and to identify factors impacting dietary adherence and best practices for intervening on dietary adherence. This protocol is registered on April 5, 2024 at the Open Source Framework: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/46YNF
Subgroups and supergroups of point and space groups
Authors: Müller Ulrich , de la Flor Gemma 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Group—subgroups relations between point groups and between space groups can be depicted in graphs where every connecting line corresponds to a maximal group—subgroup relation. A maximal subgroup of a space group can be either a translationengleiche subgroup having the same lattice, or a klassengleiche subgroup with fewer translations. Isomorphic subgroups are a special kind of klassengleiche subgroups that have the same Hermann—Mauguin symbol or that of the enantiomorphic space group. A layer group has translations in only two dimensions, a rod group in only one dimension.
Pitfalls when setting up group–subgroup relations
Authors: Müller Ulrich , de la Flor Gemma 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Pitfalls can cause erroneous Bärnighausen trees. Examples are given for wrong origin shifts, missed subgroups on a par, wrong cell transformations, wrong settings of space groups, missing care when there are different paths of symmetry reductions, and forbidden additions of symmetry operations.
Symmetry relations at phase transitions
Authors: Müller Ulrich , de la Flor Gemma 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
According to Ehrenfest, a phase transitions in the solid state is of first order if the entropy or the volume change is discontinuous; if both are continuous, the phase transition is of second order. In a more recent classification, a phase transition is discontinuous if the entropy and an order parameter change discontinuously and it is continuous if the entropy and the order parameter change continuously. A discontinuous phase transition is accompanied by an exchange of latent heat and it exhibits hysteresis. In a reconstructive phase transition, chemical bonds are broken and rejoined and it involves considerable atomic motions. Phase transitions are driven by vibrational modes. According to the Landau theory, a continuous phase transition requires that the space group of the one phase is a subgroup of other phase. Twins are formed when it is a translationengleiche subgroup, and antiphase domains form when it is a klassengleiche subgroup.
Introduction
Authors: Snow Dean 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
John Hawkins set out on his third slaving voyage in 1567. Among the seamen were David Ingram, Richard Browne, and Richard Twide. They enslaved people in West Africa and sailed to the Caribbean to sell them illegally to Spanish colonists. After a deadly battle with the Spanish at modern Veracruz, 100 English survivors were put ashore near modern Tampico. Three of them, Ingram, Browne, and Twide walked and paddled over 3,600 miles to New Brunswick, where they were rescued by a French ship. In 1582, David Ingram, the only survivor of the three, was called in for interrogation by Francis Walsingham, the queen’s spymaster. He and leading investors were interested in colonizing eastern North America and needed information from Ingram, the only Englishman known to have traveled through the region’s interior. The event was conditioned by Elizabeth’s Tudor heritage, religious conflicts, and the competing interests of leading persons. Examination of three surviving records of the interrogation show that Richard Hakluyt, the editor of the 1589 “Relation of David Ingram of Barking,” incorrectly assumed that everything Ingram said in his testimony applied only to his long walk through North America. Ingram actually told the story of his entire journey, from England to Africa, the Caribbean, North America, and back. The editor’s scrambling of pieces of Ingram’s testimony has caused many generations of historians to dismiss Ingram as a travel liar. Evidence in three surviving 1582–1589 documents has allowed a reconstruction of Ingram’s truthful testimony.