bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Serum Creatinine in Severe Covid-19 Patients in Wuhan, China: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Wei-yun , Xu De-yu , Wang Chang-guo , Liu Ying-ying , Huang Jian-an , Jiang Jun-hong , Zeng Daxiong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Although the respiratory and immune systems are the major targets of SARS-CoV-2, increasing evidence revealed that kidney injury was not rare in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the incidences of kidney abnormalities were significantly different, from 0.5 to 75.4% in several reports. The association of kidney injury with prognosis remain controversial.Methods:In this retrospective single center cohort study, laboratory confirmedCOVID-19inpatients with severe type were enrolled. Demographic, clinicaland laboratory data were collected. Association ofserum creatinine (SCr)with 28-days mortality in severe COVID-19 patients was analyzed.Results:18.79% (48/304) patients died during the first 28-days of hospitalization.Non-survivors had a significantly higher SCr levels than survivors (109.27μmol/L vs. 69.99μmol/L, P <0.001). The 28-days mortality in high SCr group (>76μmol/L) was significantly higher than that in low SCr group (31.7% vs. 7.5%, P <0.001). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that the independent risk factors of 28-days outcome included age(OR: 2.95, 95%CI: 1.08-8.05), WBC (OR: 6.09, 95%CI: 2.27-6.39), lymphopenia (OR: 3.49, 95%CI: 1.55-7.92), IL-6 (OR: 4.44, 95%CI: 1.64-11.99) and SCr (OR: 2.69, 95%CI: 1.18-6.11). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated the survival disadvantage in patients with high SCr levels (>76μmol/L). ROC curve showed the SCr cut-off value for predicting 28-days death was 77.5 μmol/L, with the sensitivity of 68.8% and speciality of 74.1%.Conclusion: SCr was associated with poor prognosis and might be an independent risk factor for in-hospital death. The cut-off value of SCr for prognosis prediction was 77.5 μmol/L, with the sensitivity of 68.8% and speciality of 74.1%.
Enhanced Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells into Pancreatic Endocrine Cells in 3D Culture by Inhibition of Focal Adhesion Kinase
Authors: Liu Xiaofang , Qin Jinhua , Chang Mingyang , Wang Shuyong , Li Yali , Pei Xuetao , Wang Yunfang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background The generation insulin-producing cells from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) in vitro would be useful for drug discovery and cell therapy in diabetes. Three-dimensional (3D) culture is important for the acquisition of mature insulin-producing cells from hPSC, but the mechanism by which 3D culture promoted β cell maturation is poorly understood.Methods We established a stepwise differentiation method to induce human embryonic stem cells (hESC) into mature monohormonal pancreatic endocrine cells (PEC) at high efficiency, with the last maturation stage in 3D culture. To make a comprehensive comparison between 2D culture and 3D culture, we examined gene expression, pancreatic-specific markers and functional characteristics of 2D culture-induced PEC and 3D culture-induced PEC. And the mechanisms was discussed from the perspective of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions which are fundamentally different between 2D and 3D culture.Results Expression of pancreatic endocrine-specific transcription factors PDX1, NKX6.1, NGN3, ISL1, PAX6 and hormones INS, GCG, SST were significantly increased in 3D culture-induced PEC. 3D culture gave rise to monohormonal endocrine cells, while 2D culture-induced PEC co-expressed INS and GCG or INS and SST, and some cells even expressed all three hormones. We found that FAK phosphorylation level was significantly downregulated in 3D culture-induced PEC, and treatment with a selective FAK inhibitor PF-537228 could improve the expression of β cell-specific transcription factors. We further demonstrated that 3D culture may promote endocrine commitment by limiting FAK-dependent activation of the Smad2/3 pathway. Moreover, the expression of gap junction protein Connexin 36 is much higher in 3D culture-induce PEC than 2D culture-induced PEC, and inhibition of FAK pathway in 2D culture increased Connexin 36 expression.Conclusion We developed a differentiation strategy to induce monohormonal mature PEC from hPSC and found limited FAK-dependent activation of the Smad2/3 pathway and unregulated expression of Connexin 36 in 3D culture-induced PEC. This study has important implications for the generation of mature, functional β-cells for drug discovery and cell transplantation therapy in diabetes, and sheds new light on the signaling events that regulate endocrine specification.
A Propensity-Score Matched Analysis Comparing Outpatient and Short-Stay Hospitalization to Standard Inpatient Hospitalization Following Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Plantz Mark A. , Sherman Alain Emil , Kadakia Anish R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Given the trend toward value-based care, there has been increased interest in minimizing hospital length of stay (LOS) after orthopaedic procedures. Outpatient total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) has become more popular in recent years; however, research on surgical outcomes of this procedure has been limited. This study sought to emply large sample, propensity-score matched analyses to assess the safety of outpatient and short-stay discharge pathways following TAA. Methods The ACS NSQIP database was used to identify 1,141 patients who underwent primary and revision TAA between 2007 and 2017. Propensity score matching was used to match patients based on several factors, including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, and several comorbidities. The incidence of various 30-day complications were compared between the short and standard LOS groups to assess for any differences in short-term outcomes. Results A total of 892 patients were included in the final propensity score matched analysis, with 446 patients in each group. The short LOS group had a significantly lower rate of medical complications (0.2% vs. 2.5%, p = 0.006) and non-home discharge (1.3% vs. 12.1%, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in operative complications (0.4% vs. 1.8%, p = 0.107), unplanned readmission (0.4% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.451), reoperation (0.2% vs. 0.4%, p > 0.999), return to the OR (0.2% vs. 0.9%, p = 0.374), or mortality (0.7% vs. 0.0%, p > 0.249) between the short and standard LOS groups. Conclusions Outpatient and short-stay hospitalization had comparable safety to standard inpatient hospitalization after TAA. Outpatient or short-stay TAA should be considered for patients with low risk of short-term complications.
IRLnc : A Novel Functional Noncoding RNA Contributes to Intramuscular Fat Deposition
Authors: Wang Ligang , Zhou Zhong-Ying , Zhang Tian , Zhang Longchao , Hou Xinhua , Yan Hua , Wang Lixian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Intramuscular fat (IMF) is associated with meat quality and insulin resistance in animals. Research on genetic mechanism of IMF decomposition has positive meaning to pork quality and diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes treatment. In this study, an IMF trait segregation population was used to perform RNA sequencing and to analyze the joint or independent effects of genes and long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) on IMF.ResultsInteresting, one lincRNA gene, namedIMF related LincRNA (IRLnc) not only has a 292-nt conserved region in 100 vertebrates but also has conserved up and down stream genes (<10 kb)in pig and humans. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) validation study indicated thatnuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (NR4A3) which located at the downstream of IRLnchas similar expression pattern with IRLnc. RNAi-mediated loss of function screens identified that IRLnc silencing could inhibit both of the RNA and protein expression of NR4A3. And the in-situ hybridization co-expression experiment indicates that IRLnc may directly binding to NR4A3. As the NR4A3 could regulate the catecholamine catabolism, which could affect insulin sensitivity, we inferred that IRLncinfluence IMF decomposition by regulating the expression of NR4A3.ConclusionsIn conclusion, a novel functional noncoding variation named IRLnc have been found contribute to IMF. These finding suggest novel mechanistic approach for treatment of insulin resistance in human beings and meat quality improvement in animal.
Quick BSI Score to Identify Bloodstream Infection at the Emergency Department
Authors: Phungoen Pariwat , Lerdprawat Nunchalit , Sawanyawisuth Kittisak , Chotmongkol Verajit , Ienghong Kamonwon , Sumritrin Sumana , Apiratwarakul Korakot 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a common and urgent condition at the emergency department (ED). In order to diagnose BSI, the current guideline fails to mention the juncture at which blood cultures ought to be taken. The decision whether or not to obtain hemoculture is solely based upon clinical judgment and outcomes pertaining to inappropriately ordered blood culture. This study aimed to develop predictive bloodstream infection scoring at the ED employing only clinical factors presented on ED arrival.
Methods
This study was conducted retrospectively at the ED, Khon Kaen University Hospital, Thailand. Inclusion criteria encompassed adult patients suspected of infection defined by blood culture collection presented at the ED with intravenous antibiotics initiated during ED visits. Independent positive predictors for positive blood culture were used to create the Quick Bloodstream Infection score (qBSI score) through logistic regression analysis.
Results
A total of 169578 patients visited the ED during the study period. Of those, 12556 patients (7.40%) were suspected of infection. 8177 cases met the study criteria and were categorized according to positive blood culture results, i.e. bloodstream infection (741 patients; 9.06%). Probability of positive blood culture was calculated via aged over 55 years + moderate to severe CKD + solid organ tumor + (2 x liver disease) + (2 x history of fever with chills) + (2 x body temperature of over 38.3oC). A score of 1 or over rendered 92.98% sensitivity and negative predictive value of 95.65%.
Conclusions
The qBSI score presented effective sensitivity and negative predictive value amid positive blood culture in patients at the ED suspected of infection. Resultant of employing this score may facilitate in the determining of those exhibiting the need for blood culture at the ED.
Systemic inflammation and chronic kidney injury in a patient due to RNASEH2B defect
Authors: He Tingyan , Xia Yu , Yang Jun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Aicardi-Goutières (AGS) is a rare immune dysregulated disease due to mutations in TREX1, RNASEH2A, RNASEH2B, RNASEH2C, SAMHD1, ADAR1 or IFIH1. Severe systemic inflammation is not typically persistent in AGS. Chronic kidney injury (CKI) has been never reported in this syndrome. Herein, we report a patient presenting with systemic inflammation and CKI to broaden the clinical phenotype spectrum of RNASEH2B defect.
Methods
Clinical data extracted included medical history, clinical manifestations, laboratory results, radiological findings, management, and prognosis. Whole exome sequencing was performed on whole peripheral blood cells. After exposure to cGAMP in vitro for 24 hours, mRNA expression of twelve IFN-stimulated cytokine genes in PBMCs was assessed. Serum cytokine levels were detected by Milliplex.
Results
A 11-year-old female patient presented with recurrent aseptic fever, arthritis, chilblains, failure to thrive, mild hearing loss, and neurological manifestations. Laboratory and immunologic findings revealed lymphopenia, low complement levels, positive autoantibodies, elevated levels of acute phase reactants and inflammatory cytokines. Renal biopsy showed glomerular sclerosis in three of fourteen glomeruli, infiltration of lymphocytes and other mononuclear cells. Whole exome sequencing (WES) revealed a homozygous and heterozygous mutations in RNASEH2B.Over-expression of IFN-stimulated cytokine genes was observed in the patient, including IFI44, IFI27, IFIT1, IFIT2, IFIT3, ISG15, OAS1, and SIGLEC1.
Conclusions
Systemic autoinflammation and chronic renal injury may expand the clinical phenotype spectrum of RNASEH2B defect.
Trial registration:
Not applicable; this was a retrospective study.
Efficacy of proton pump inhibitor on nighttime reflux symptoms and associated sleep disturbances in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: A real-world study in northern China
Authors: Sun Kaidi , Ma Shuang , Hui Yang-Yang , Wang Bin , Yang Bo , Zhu Lan-Ping , Wang Sai-Yu , Li Shu , Zhao Wei , Jiang Kui , Zhao Jing-Wen , Wang Bang-Mao , Chen Xin , Zhang Guo-Liang , Zhou Zheng-Hua , Liu Yan-Di , Ye Qing , Deng Quan-Jun , Liu Gai-Fang , Wang Jun-Min , Chang Li-Li , Zhang Rui-Xing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is strongly associated with sleep disturbances. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the main treatment to improve the symptom of GERD. This study was to investigate the efficacy of PPIs on nighttime GERD symptoms and associated sleep disturbances in general Chinese GERD population.
Methods

Adult patients with mild or more serious nighttime GERD symptoms were included. The efficacy was evaluated by the relief rate of nighttime GERD symptoms and GERD-related sleep disturbances after 4 weeks PPIs treatment. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Score (PSQI).
Results

A total of 750 patients were included in the final analysis. Overall, 51.3% of the patients had achieved a relief of nighttime GERD symptoms after 4 weeks of PPIs treatment. By week 4, the percentages of patients with completely resolved nighttime GERD symptoms and GERD-related sleep disturbances were 32.5% and 51.5%, respectively. PSQI score was significantly improved from 6.82 ± 0.12 at baseline to 4.56 ± 0.09 at 4 weeks (P༜0.001).
Conclusion

PPIs treatment can provide an effective relief of nighttime GERD symptoms and associated sleep disturbances, improving sleep quality of general GERD patients in northern China.
Trial registration:

Trial registration: CHiCTR, ChiCTR1800017652. Registered 08 August 2018, http://chictr.org.cn/index.aspx
NUSAP1 Promotes Gastric Cancer Progression Through Regulation of Yap Stability
Authors: Guo Hui , Zou Jianping , Zhou Ling , He Yan , Feng Miao , Chen Jun , Li Junhe , Xiong Jianping , Fang Ziling , Xiang Xiaojun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:Nucleolar and spindle associated protein (NUSAP1) is involved in tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. However, there are limited studies regarding the role of NUSAP1 in gastric cancer (GC). Methods: The expression profile and clinical significance of NUSAP1 in GC were analysed in online database using GEPIA, Oncomine and KM plotter, which was further confirmed in clinical specimens.The functional role of NUSAP1 were detected utilizing in vitro and in vivo assays. Western blotting, qRT-PCR, the cycloheximide-chase, immunofluorescence staining and Co-immunoprecipitaion (Co-IP) assays were performed to explore the possible molecular mechanism by which NUSAP1 stabilizes YAP protein. Results:In this study, we found that the expression of NUSAP1 was upregulated in GC tissues and correlates closely with progression and prognosis. Additionally, abnormal NUSAP1 expression promoted malignant behaviors of GC cells in vitro and in a xenograft model. Mechanistically, we discovered that NUSAP1 physically interacts with YAP and furthermore stabilizes YAP protein expression, which induces the transcription of Hippo pathway downstream target genes. Furthermore, the effects of NUSAP1 on GC cell growth, migration and invasion were mainly mediated by YAP. Conclusions:Our data demonstrates that the novel NUSAP1-YAP axis exerts an critical role in GC tumorigenesis and progression, and therefore could provide a novel therapeutic target for GC treatment.
Refractory Chronic Urticaria in Adults: Clinical Characterization and Predictors of Severity
Authors: Coutinho Iolanda Alen , Regateiro Frederico Soares , Fernandes Rosa Anita , Pita Joana Sofia , Gomes Raquel , Coelho Constança , Todo-Bom Ana 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Chronic urticaria (CU) is defined as recurrent urticaria lasting for more than 6 weeks. Objectives: We aimed to characterize the phenotypesof patients with CU refractory to standard dose anti-H1 antihistamine treatment and search for clinical predictors of poor disease control.Methods: Retrospective collection of data regarding clinical characteristics, manifestations, comorbidities, treatment,and disease control of all adult CU patients presenting to the Allergy and Immunology Department during one year. Descriptive and inferential analysis was performed to search for factors associated with disease control.Results: Sixty-one adult patients were included, 74% females, average age 44.5 years (18 to 84 years old). Most patients (78.7%) had initiated CU less than 1 year before enrolment. Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) accounted for 55.7% of the patients and chronic inducible urticaria (ClndU)for44.3%. Angioedema was present in 55.7% of the patients. Evidence for autoimmunity (positive anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies, anti-nuclear antibodies or autologous serum test) was found in38.8% (n=19)of 49 tested patients.High C-reactive protein was presenti in 20.7% of 29 patients evaluated; half of these also had positive antinuclear antibodies.Forty-six patients (75.4%) had at least one significant exacerbation, requiring medical appointment, emergency room, hospitalization or job absenteeism. The number of exacerbations correlated with the presence of angioedema (p=0.022), with a recent diagnosis (<1 year), and with higher UAS7 severity (p=0.006). Clnd Uassociated with poor symptom control(p=0.022) buthad less exacerbations requiring medical observation or hospitalization (p=0.015).Conclusions: About one thirdof patients with CU presented autoimmunity. UAS7 severity and Angioedema are associated with disease exacebations. UAS7 and UCT presented unequal accuracy, with UAS7 better associating with the occurrence of exacerbations and treatment dosis. Accurate diagnostic tests, namely autoimmune parameters and inflammatory markers, should be recommended in some individual cases.
Occurrence and antibiogram signatures of members of the Enterobacteriaceae family recovered from vegetables, river water and hospital effluents in Amathole and Chris Hani District Municipalities in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.
Authors: Mpaka Lindelwa , Adefisoye Martins Ajibade , Nontongana Nolonwabo , Okoh Anthony Ifaenyi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Rising incidences of antimicrobial resistance has become a major public health issue globally resulting in increasing health-care costs and severe and lethal diseases. Several reports have documented alarming increases of antimicrobial resistance in the Enterobacteriaceae family, hence, this study evaluated the occurrence and antibiogram signatures of Enterobacteriaceae isolates recovered from vegetables, hospital effluents and river water samples in two district municipalities in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.
Results

Out of 142 presumptive isolates, 105 were confirmed to belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family. From these, 45% were identified as E. coli, 24% as Enterobacter spp., 20% as Citrobacter spp. and 11% as Klebsiella spp. All the isolates demonstrated high resistance against ampicillin at a frequency of 91.4%, followed by nalidixic acid (86.7%), tetracycline (82.9%), cefuroxime (81.9%) and doxycycline (81.9%). The beta-lactam resistance gene blaTEM was detected in 77.8% of the E. coli isolates and 33.3% of the Klebsiella isolates. The sul1 gene was detected in 23.1% of the Enterobacter species, while sul2 gene was detected in 70% of the Klebsiella species. All the Enterobacter species were positive for the strB gene.
Conclusions

We conclude that the vegetables, hospital effluents and river water in the two District Municipalities are reservoirs of multidrug resistant members of the Enterobacteriaceae family and a potential health hazard for consumers.
Spread of COVID-19 in Odisha (India) due to Influx of Migrants and Stability Analysis using Mathematical Modelling
Authors: RAUTA ASWIN KUMAR , RAO YERRA SHANKAR , Behera Jangyadatta 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper deals with the investigation on spread of COVID-19 and its stability analysis (both local and global stability) in Odisha, India. Being the second most populous country in the world, It is urgent need to investigate the spread and control of disease in India .However, due to diversity of vast population, uncertainty of infection, varying rate of recovery, state wise different COVID-19 induced death rate and non uniform quarantine policy of the states, it is strenuous to predict the spread and control of disease accurately in the country. So, it is crucial to study the aspects of disease in each state for the better prediction. We have considered the state Odisha (India) having population nearly equal to the population of Spain because the entry of huge migrants to the state suddenly enhanced the number of COVID-19 patients from below two hundred to more than eight hundred within one week even after forty days of lockdown period. We have developed SIAQR epidemic model fabricated with influx of out-migrants diagnosed at compartment (A) , then sent to the compartment (I) for treatment those have confirmed the disease and the remaining healthy individuals are sent to quarantine compartment (Q) for a period of twenty one days under surveillance and observation. The set of ordinary (nonlinear) differential equations are formulated and they are solved using Runge -Kutta fourth order method. The simulation of numerical data is performed using computer software MATLAB. As there is no specific treatment, vaccine or medicine available for the disease till the date, so the only intervention procedure called quarantine process is devised in this model to check the stability behaviour of the disease. The numerical and analytical results of the study show that the disease free equilibrium is locally stable when basic reproduction number is less than unity and unstable when it is more than unity. Further the study shows that it persists to endemic equilibrium for global stability when basic reproduction number greater than unity. As per the current trends ,this study shows that the prevalence of COVID -19 would remain nearly 250 to 300 days in Odisha as for as the infected migrants would have been entering to the state. This mathematical modelling embedded with important risk factor like migration could be adopted for each state that will be helpful for better prediction of the entire country and world.