bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Islamic Social Finance in Bangladesh: Challenges and Opportunities of the Institutional and Regulatory Landscape
Authors: Uddin Tanvir Ahmed , Mohiuddin Md Fazla 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFrom the end of World War Two, the core methodology of law and development projects has been to transplant the best legal institutions of Western capitalism to poor and emerging economies. In many post-colonial contemporary Muslim-majority countries, such programs have not adequately engaged with local legal systems, cultures and traditions. Contrary to the restrictive modernist approach to law and development, and inspired by the Sharia, there are numerous Islamic social finance mechanisms that can be utilised for poverty alleviation and their existence is evident across Bangladesh. These cover the full spectrum of philanthropic to financing, investments and insurance built upon Sharia norms and principles. Unfortunately, the true potential of Islamic social finance is considerably constrained by the weak regulatory and policy environment. Islamic social finance does not feature in national development plans, is regulated through a patchwork framework, and operates at a negligible scale. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the existing regulatory and institutional landscape of Zakah (obligatory almsgiving), awqaf (perpetual endowments), Islamic microfinance and microtakaful (microinsurance) in Bangladesh and examines the potential and challenges for Islamic social finance to reduce poverty. Thereafter, several pertinent policy and institutional recommendations are provided to effectively modernise and advance the effectiveness of Islamic social finance institutions. The methodology employed is a mixed approach incorporating literature review, legal analysis of laws and regulation and contextual analysis and field interviews among industry stakeholders. Ultimately, while private investment and initiatives are always able to support the Islamic social finance sector, this paper focuses on the extent to which the regulatory and policy environment is a crucial enabler for widespread and sustained development impact.
Ordering biases in cross-linguistic perspective: The interaction of serial order and structural level
Authors: Berg Thomas 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCapitalizing upon the typological fact that the same content may be coded in different positions and at different structural levels, this study examines whether the syntactic and the morphological levels exhibit different serial-order preferences. A large-scale comparison of word and morpheme order across six grammatical categories including definiteness and negation reveals that all six categories document the same interaction effect: the syntactic level shows a significantly higher preposing rate than the morphological level does. A morphological postposing bias is observed for five categories, a syntactic preposing bias for four and a syntactic postposing bias for two. This interaction effect is not affected by a genealogical or areal bias. The empirical patterns are mainly shaped by a predilection for lexical material to precede grammatical material. Early placement may also be brought about by ultra-high token frequency. The fact that the postposing bias does occur sporadically at the syntactic level casts some doubt on the well-known suffixing preference as the appropriate level of generalization.
Mono-crystalline gold platelets: a high-quality platform for surface plasmon polaritons
Authors: Kaltenecker Korbinian J. , Krauss Enno , Casses Laura , Geisler Mathias , Hecht Bert , Mortensen N. Asger , Jepsen Peter Uhd , Stenger Nicolas 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We use mono-crystalline gold platelets with ultra-smooth surfaces and superior plasmonic properties to investigate the formation of interference patterns caused by surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) with scattering-type scanning near-field microscopy at 521 and 633 nm. By applying a Fourier analysis approach, we can identify and separate several signal channels related to SPPs launched and scattered by the atomic force microscopy tip and the edges of the platelet. Especially at the excitation wavelength of 633 nm, we can isolate a region in the center of the platelets where we find only contributions of SPPs which are launched by the tip and reflected at the edges. These signatures are used to determine the SPP wavelength of λ
SPP = 606 nm in good agreement with theoretical predictions. Furthermore, we were still able to measure SPP signals after 20 µm propagation, which demonstrates impressively the superior plasmonic quality of these mono-crystalline gold platelets.
III-nitride photonic cavities
Authors: Butté Raphaël , Grandjean Nicolas 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Owing to their wide direct bandgap tunability, III-nitride (III-N) compound semiconductors have been proven instrumental in the development of blue light-emitting diodes that led to the so-called solid-state lighting revolution and blue laser diodes that are used for optical data storage. Beyond such conventional optoelectronic devices, in this review, we explore the progress made in the past 15 years with this low refractive index material family for the realization of microdisks as well as 2D and 1D photonic crystal (PhC) membrane cavities. Critical aspects related to their design and fabrication are first highlighted. Then, the optical properties of passive PhC structures designed for near-infrared such as their quality factor and their mode volume are addressed. Additional challenges dealing with fabrication pertaining to structures designed for shorter wavelengths, namely the visible to ultraviolet spectral range, are also critically reviewed and analyzed. Various applications ranging from second and third harmonic generation to microlasers and nanolasers are then discussed. Finally, forthcoming challenges and novel fields of application of III-N photonic cavities are commented.
A Big Data Analysis Method Based on Modified Collaborative Filtering Recommendation Algorithms
Authors: Yin Nan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
With the rapid development of e-commerce, collaborative filtering recommendation system has been widely used in various network platforms. Using recommendation system to accurately predict customers’ preferences for goods can solve the problem of information overload faced by users and improve users’ dependence on the network platform. Because the recommendation system based on collaborative filtering technology has the ability to recommend more abstract or difficult to describe goods in words, the research related to collaborative filtering technology has attracted more and more attention. According to the past research, in collaborative filtering algorithm, if Pearson correlation coefficient is used, errors will occur under special circumstances. In this study, the normal recovery similarity measure is used to modify the similarity value to correct the error value of a collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm. Based on this, a big data analysis method based on a modified collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm is proposed. This research implemented it in the cloud Hadoop environment, and measure the execution time with 2, 5 and 8 nodes. Then the research compared it with the execution time of a single machine, and analyze its speedup ratio and efficiency. The experimental results show that the execution time increases with the number of neighbors. When the number of nodes is 5 and 8, the execution time is greatly improved, which improves the efficiency of collaborative filtering algorithm and can cope with massive data in the future.
The Influence of Trading Volume, Market Trend, and Monetary Policy on Characteristics of the Chinese Stock Exchange: An Econophysics Perspective
Authors: Ran Meng , Tang Zhenpeng , Chen Weihong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The paper adopts the financial physics approach to investigate influence of trading volume, market trend, as well as monetary policy on characteristics of the Chinese Stock Exchange. Utilizing 1-minute high-frequency data at various time intervals, the study examines the probability distribution density, autocorrelation and multi-fractal of the Shanghai Composite Index. Our study finds that the scale of trading volume, stock market trends, and monetary policy cycles all exert significant influences on micro characteristics of Shanghai Composite Index. More specifically, under the conditions of large trading volumes, loose monetary policies, and downward stock trends, the market possesses better fitting on Levy’s distribution, the volatility self-correlation is stronger, and multifractal trait is more salient. We hope our study could provide better guidance for investment decisions, and form the basis for policy formulation aiming for a healthy growth of the financial market.
How Culture Moderates the Effects of Justice in Service Recovery
Authors: Chebat Elise , Roth Yefim , Chebat Jean Charles 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis article strives to clarify the importance and the effects of cultural differences on consumer satisfaction after a service failure in an individualistic society (Canada) vs. a collectivistic society (Japan). We focus on young, educated consumers to analyze if the contrasts shown in the extant literature between these two cultures are still relevant in the case of young consumers of both cultures when confronted with a service failure and service recovery. We used 150 questionnaires from Japan and Canada, the design of which reflects our theoretical model. Respondents were asked to recall one of their own negative service experience and the service recovery that may have followed. Our statistical analysis is based on Hayes’s PROCESS that allows to test complex moderated and mediated relations. We find that Anger mediates the relation between failure severity and consumer behavioral responses (EXIT and NWOM) similarly for both Japanese and Canadian consumers. Importantly, compensation, involving procedural and distributive justice (i. e. time – speedy service recovery and money) both reduced consumer anger, more so for individualistic consumers. Surprisingly, interactional justice (e. g. courteousness, politeness, and signs of respect) had no impact on neither individualistic nor collectivistic consumers. Our findings suggest that service providers should first fix the negative emotional reactions as a result of service failure. They may reduce this emotional reaction offering monetary compensation to both Individualistic and Collectivistic consumers. Younger collectivistic consumers are not more sensitive to signs of respect and politeness than individualistic consumers, which may show that the younger generation of Japanese consumers is getting closer to the individualistic culture.
Development of a serum free medium for HUMIRA® biosimilar by design of experiment approaches
Authors: Kimiz-Gebologlu Ilgin , Saglam-Metiner Pelin , Ozaslan Oznur , Ayyildiz-Tamis Duygu , Deliloglu-Gurhan Saime Ismet , Gulce-Iz Sultan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Serum have been traditionally used to support growth of animal cell cultures. However, the increasing growth of therapeutic biopharmaceuticals market, accelerated the high demand for the serum-free medium (SFM).

Objective
The main objective is to design a SFM for a stable rCHO cell line that produces a fully anti-human TNF-α monoclonal antibody (mAb) corresponding to HUMIRA® biosimilar.

Materials and methods
Design of Experiment (DoE) approaches were used to determine the key factors due to their effect on specific growth rate and mAb production. The production was carried out in T-flasks at different initial cell concentrations and then in Erlenmeyers with the developed SFM. mAb production was compared with commercial SFMs in terms of yield and productivity.

Results
Regarding to our findings, when the developed SFM-adapted cells were compared with the cells produced in commercial SFMs, the mAb productivity in developed SFM were higher (1.3–1.6 times) depending on higher mAb concentration and less (3–5 times) cell concentration. Additionally, the produced mAb in the developed SFM provided high conformational similarity with its originator HUMIRA®.

Conclusion
DoE approaches could be used to reduce cost and time in designing SFM for any commercially important cell line to produce high value biologics.
Evaluation of the National Urban Community Empowerment Program
Authors: Suparno Suparno 
Published: January 2020

The main problem in this study is the low level of community participation in the implementation of National Urban Community Empowerment Program (NUCEP) in Grobogan Regency. This can be seen from the lack of community involvement in the entire process of the activity stage. The purpose of this study was to find out how the level of community participation in the implementation of NUCEP in Grobogan Regency. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data analysis used qualitative and tirangulasi data analysis techniques. The evaluation model used is the Context, Input, Process and Product. The evaluation results show that the implementation of NUCEP is good, the context of the implementation of NUCEP is good, the input of NUCEP is good, but the available funds are insufficient to meet community needs; the implementation process went well, at the stage of preparation for less community participation especially in the FGD on Reflections on Poverty and the Preparation of Medium-Term Planning for Poverty Reduction Programs; then the implementation of the activities went well and the products of the NUCEP activities in the form of physical activities benefited the community. Based on the evaluation results it is recommended that, the effectiveness of NUCEPÂ needs to be increased, the NUCEP District apparatus must be more democratic and participatory in the implementation of planned programs. Community involvement must always be encouraged in all processes and stages of activities, starting from planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, and in the preparation of reporting for each activity.
Evaluation of Institutional Development : Case on Private Forest Farmer Group in Sumbawa Regency
Authors: Diniyati Dian - 
Published: January 2020

Although a large number of studies have been conducted to evaluate the success of farmer groups, a comprehensive evaluations starting from group formation process has not been carried out much.Â This research rates the success of farmer groups as a vehicle to improve the livelihoods of farmers in the area of Management Unit of Production Forest (KPHP) of Puncak Ngengas-Batu Lanteh, Sumbawa. The success was measured by evaluating three roles of farmer groups namely, Â a) class for learning, b) forum for collaboration, and c) unit for production. This research was conducted in two periods, i.e. on April 2016 and April 2017. The sample consisted of 20 forest farmers selected purposively, the data were collected through interviews and focus group discussion techniques and analysed descriptively. This study revealed that the roles scale of farmer groups as class for learning and as a forum for collaboration were categorized as low level, while as a unit for production was categorized as moderate level. These categories show that in general the farmer group had not succeeded in carrying out its function as a class for learning, and as a vehicle for collaboration, except as a unit for production. This weak condition was utilized by middlemen to take advantages from marketing activity by controlling forest product prices. Â The Kanada farmer group was categorized in the beginner group which needs 75 % intervention from outsider such as continual mentoring by counsellors to grow the attitude from working alone to working together in a group.Â
Reducing Variation in the Management of Apnea of Prematurity in the Intensive Care Nursery
Authors: Coughlin Katherine , Posencheg Michael , Orfe Lauren , Zachritz Whitney , Meadow Jaqueline , Yang Kesi , Christ Lori 
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND:
Premature infants have bradycardia and/or desaturation events due to apnea of prematurity that resolve as the infants mature. Despite American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines recommending a standard “event-free” period before discharge, length of observation in our Intensive Care Nursery was variable. By June 2018, for infants born &lt;36 weeks’ gestation in the Intensive Care Nursery, we aimed to standardize time to discharge after the last documented event at 5 days, when the baseline mean was 3.6 days (range 0–6 days).

METHODS:
A quality-improvement team used the Model for Improvement. Plan-do-study-act cycles improved nursing documentation of events and standardized discharge criteria after consensus on operational definitions. The outcome measure was days to discharge after last documented event. Process measures included percentage of events documented completely and correctly in the electronic medical record. Balancing measure was length of stay after 36 weeks’ corrected gestational age. We used statistical process control.

RESULTS:
The baseline event watch ranged from 0 to 6 days. After defining significant events, documentation expectations, and consensus on a 5-day “watch” before discharge, the event watch range narrowed with a mean that shifted from 3.6 to 4.8 days on X-bar S statistical process control chart. Completeness of documentation increased from 38% to 63%, and documentation of significant events increased from 38% to 88%. Length of stay after 36 weeks’ corrected gestational age was unchanged, and nursing satisfaction improved.

CONCLUSIONS:
We found decreasing variation in the management of apnea of prematurity while simultaneously improving staff satisfaction. Next steps include revising electronic medical record flowsheets and spread to network NICUs.
Liberdade e Necessidade em Hobbes: Reflexões sobre o livre arbítrio nas origens do Estado moderno
Authors: Teixeira Anderson Vichinkeski 
Published: January 2020

No presente artigo pretende-se abordar o conceito de liberdade nas principais obras de Thomas Hobbes, objetivando discutir a centralidade do manuscrito Liberdade e Necessidadepara a compreensão das variações que caracterizam o pensamento hobbesiano na abordagem do referido conceito. A pouca clareza que se verifica na noção de liberdade decorre, em parte, de mudanças de convicção do filósofo quanto à possibilidade de usar de modo diferente a liberdade do indivíduo como entidade física e a liberdade do indivíduo no seio do corpo político. Todavia, será sustentado, como hipótese teórica para a presente pesquisa, que ao longo do debate com Bramhall teria sido possível a Hobbes esclarecer muitas dessas imprecisões terminológicas e variações conceituais, sobretudo no que toca a relação entre liberdade e necessidade na sua teoria das causas antecedentes.
Prácticas decoloniales en las redes sociales de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Ramos Galarza Carlos Alberto , Freire Muñoz Irina Alejandra 
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo reporta un estudio sobre prácticas decoloniales de estudiantes universitarios en redes sociales. El diseño de investigación se basó en una metodología cuantitativa de tipo transversal y alcance correlacional. La muestra estuvo conformada por 201 estudiantes universitarios de Quito, Ecuador. El estudio se constituyó en dos fases: (a) construcción y validación de un instrumento para valorar las prácticas decoloniales en redes sociales y (b) el análisis de las prácticas decoloniales de los estudiantes participantes. Los principales resultados encontrados sugieren que, los jóvenes universitarios presentan un nivel bajo de postura crítica ante la política actual, tanto hombres como mujeres poseen la misma postura de ingenuidad ante las prácticas hegemónicas políticas, además de manifestar un desencanto por la política actual.
Мощные релятивистские генераторы на прямолинейных электронных потоках с электродинамическими фильтрами на концах
Authors: Колосов С. В. , Батура М. П. , Шатилова О. О. 
Published: January 2020

Представлены результаты расчетов мощных генераторов СВЧ-излучения на прямолинейных электронных потоках на резонаторах с электродинамическими фильтрами на концах резонаторов. В основу методики расчета процессов в нерегулярном волноводе положены идеи А. Г. Свешникова, основанные на методе преобразования координат, который позволяет искать решение задачи возбуждения нерегулярного волновода путем разложения этого решения по системе базисных функций регулярного волновода. Это позволяет свести 3-мерную задачу к одномерной, что существенно сокращает объем вычислений и повышает точность решения. Расчеты проводились с помощью компьютерной программы GyroK. Наличие электродинамических фильтров на концах волновода позволило повысить добротность резонатора и уменьшить СВЧ-излучение в область катода. Было показано, что мощность таких генераторов может достигать 21 Мвт, что может обеспечить эффективное подавление работы электронных устройств предполагаемого противника.Колосов С. В., Батура М. П., Шатилова О. О. Мощные релятивистские генераторы на прямолинейных электронных потоках с электродинамическими фильтрами на концах. Ural Radio Engineering Journal. 2019;3(4):369–377. DOI: 10.15826/urej.2019.3.4.003
Simulation of crystal growth in multicomponent metastable alloys
Authors: Dudorov M. V. , Roshchin V. E. 
Published: January 2020

A method for predicting the regularities of crystal growth from metastable melts has been developed. The process of crystal growth from a multicomponent melt is described by the methods of nonequilibrium thermodynamics, taking into account the mutual influence of thermal and diffusion processes. The application of a new variational approach to the constructed system of equations made it possible to obtain expressions of the crystal growth rate from a multicomponent melt convenient for practical calculations. The obtained technique allowed us to analyze the features of crystal growth at high rate of crystallization front, which leads to “impurity capture” effect – deviation from equilibrium conditions at the phase interface. The developed mathematical model makes it possible to calculate the growth rate of new phase particles and to estimate the effect of metastable effects on deviation of the components’ concentration at surface of the growing crystal from equilibrium values. Thus, using the obtained method, a “metastable” phase diagram of the system under study can be constructed. The developed approach is applied to the calculation of growth of α-Fe(Si) nanocrystals during annealing of amorphous alloy Fe73,5 Cu1 Nb3 Si13,5B9. The calculation results were compared with the results of the experiment on the alloy primary crystallization. It is shown that the concentration of Fe at the surface of the growing crystal does not significantly deviate from the equilibrium values. On the other hand, silicon atoms are captured by the crystallization front, silicon concentration at the surface of the growing nanocrystal deviates significantly from equilibrium values. The calculation has shown that after the initial crystallization of the amorphous phase, occurring at a temperature of 400 – 450 °C, the deviation of silicon concentration from equilibrium value is about 2 %, while this equilibrium value is about 13.3 %.