bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community Participation in the Village Climate Program to Anticipate Future Climate Change in Wetlands
Authors: Nasruddin  , Kumalawati R , Syaharuddin  , Yuliarti A , Rajiani I 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The issue of global warming and climate change is a crucial problem in the world as it triggers an increase in temperature and disasters. Indonesia one of the countries most vulnerable to climate change impacts. The impact of climate change is increasing every year. Efforts to reduce the impact of climate change on environmental management through climate village. Community participation is an important aspect of the success of the climate village program. The purpose of this study is how the Community Participation in the Village Climate Program to Anticipate Future Climate Change in Wetlands. This research method is quantitative. Sources of data in this study are primary data and secondary data. Sources of primary data obtained through interviews. Secondary data sources in the form of documentation and official archives that can support the research. Population and sample in the community in the village climate. Processing of data from interviews calculated percentages based on criteria of severe, moderate and good. Data in scoring with Likert scale approach and wide intervals. The analysis is based on the theory of Miles and Huberman. The findings of the study were to determine the Community Participation in the Village Climate Program to Anticipate Future Climate Change in Wetlands. Limitations of the study limit community participation in the climate village program. Community participation in the program is limited to mitigation and adaptation. The results showed community participation in the mitigation activities has been “good” and should be improved. Community participation in the activities of adaptation is “moderate”. This participation still needs improvements to community participation in the activities of adaptation to climate change can be better. Community participation is an important aspect of the success of the climate village program. Success climate village programs can reduce the negative impacts of future climate change on wetlands.
Land Suitability of Sebatik Island for Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Hidayanto Muhamad , Fiana Yossita , Hayati Afiah , Akas Pinaringan S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to find out the land suitability class on Sebatik Island, Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan Province for cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in accordance with the agroecosystem of the area. The method of this research is a literature study and field survey, sampling and soil analysis in the laboratory, and interviews to determine the land condition and potential of the land for cocoa. The results of the study show that land suitability class on Sebatik Island for cocoa, which is quite suitable (S2) 1.94% of the total area (473,36 ha), land class according to marginal (S3) 88.36% of the total area (21,056 ha), and inappropriate class land (N) 8.52% (2,089 ha). In each land suitability class (S2, S3, N) has a limiting factor for cocoa. The suitability class of S2, the limiting factors are the availability of water (wa), erosion hazards (eh) and nutrient availability (nr). Class S3 the limiting factors are water availability (wa), oxygen availability (oa), erosion hazard (eh), nutrient availability (nr) and rooting condition (rc). In the not suitability class (N), the limiting factor is sulfidic hazards and limited rooting conditions (rc).
Synthesis and Characterization of Sintered Magnetic Abrasive Particles having Alumina and Carbonyl Iron Powder
Authors: Alok Anupam , Niranjan M.S. , Kumar Abhinav , kumar Manjesh , Das Manas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The present workis focused on compacting, sintering, and characterization of sintered magnetic abrasive particles, which is composed of equal volume fraction of alumina and carbonyl iron powder. Powder metallurgy method is a well-developed technique for manufacturing of ferrous and nonferrous parts. AhO3–CIP composites are prepared through powder metallurgy method. Ball milling is used for mixing powders, and hydraulic Jack with die is used for compacting purpose. Solid and liquid phase sintering is performed at a high temperature tubular furnace under an inert gas atmosphere of argon. Solid and liquid phase sintering is done at 1000°C and 1545°C, respectively in proper consecutive sintering cycle. After sintering, the sintered pallets are crushed using ball miller to obtain the required size of the sintered powder. Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy is used for elemental composition of all sintered powders. Vibrating sample magnetometer is used to see the magnetization of the particles. The saturation magnetization of the sintered abrasive obtained at 9–ton compaction pressure is found to be highest. Different phases of all prepared samples are studied using the X-ray diffraction technique. The morphology, as well as particle size, are studied using a scanning electron microscope. Also, the microstructure of sintered powders is studied using an optical microscope. Compression strength test of all sintered pallets is carried out using Universal Testing Machine. Bulk density of the pallets is measured using standard Archimedean principle. It is observed that the bulk density value increases with the compaction load. Micro hardness of the sintered pallets is measured using a Vickers micro hardness measuring instrument. The sintered pallet, fabricated at a compaction pressure of 9 ton shows the highest hardness.
Comparative deflection analysis of conical compression spring with standard constant rate helical spring
Authors: Mishra Akanksha , Aggarwal M.L. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Springs, indisputably find vast applications in different types of mechanical systems. Springs are utilized everywhere, right from simple playing toys to automobiles and dies. Stiffness is one of the most prominent factors for a spring. While the constant rate helical springs exhibit a linear behaviour, the conical springs display non-linear characteristics. The reason considered behind an increment in stiffness with an increase in deflection in case of conical springs is that the resistance offered by the small-diameter portion is more and hence, it deflects later compared to the larger diameter portion. In this paper, conical springs are studied experimentally under variable test conditions and an effort is made in the direction of further inducing the variable stiffness to a higher extent in the conical spring as compared to presently used constant rate springs for various special-purpose applications.
Surface Texturing by Electrochemical Micromachining: A Review
Authors: Kumar Abhinav , kumar Manjesh , Alok Anupam , Das Manas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The study of surface texturing has been a great interest to the researcher over the last years. Surface texturing improves the property of the surface of the material in the working area. It creates a pattern of micron dimensions over the surface to influence the surface property in its working area. Several techniques are used to fabricate these micro dimensions. Electrochemical micromachining (EMM) emerges as a new technique with several benefits. This review paper highlights the advantages of EMM over other processes and discusses different methods to develop the micro-features. EMM process is capable of fabricating micron-size features without changing any surface property at a low cost.
Study of Process Parameter and Microstructure of Freeze Casting Technology: A Review
Authors: Bhatt Mohit , Dhama Nikhil , Kumar Mohit , Singh Mithul , Kumar Sudhir , Singh Kanwar Pal , Kumar Arvind , Singh Vikram 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Now a day various technologies are used for casting a product and freeze casting is one of them. Freeze casting is the process of casting a product at a lower freezing temperature for getting a porous structure. There are lots of factors that affect the freeze casting process like freezing temperature, freezing agent, slurry, additive, solid loading, freezing velocity, feed pressure etc. In this review paper, we focused the studying effect of this influencing parameter. This review paper highlights the research done by various researchers to optimize the input parameter for getting an economical and good quality of the cast product. An attempt has been made to conclude the effect of the range of process parameters and the comparison of various methods of freeze casting for the sound quality of cast products. In this paper, different freeze casting process parameters and their effect on the mechanical and Microstructural properties of the products are also summarized.
A Study on the Change of Displacement according to the Drainage Pump Outlet Shape and Size of Combat Equipment.
Authors: Kim Dae Un , Lee Ki Jung 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Combat equipment is designed to cross the river on its own. The important thing here is that first, the inflow of water should be minimal, and the second is draining out the inside of the inflow. In this study, we have studied how to effectively discharge the incoming water. The purpose of this study is to compare the flow rate, so the pump pressure was not considered. The flow analysis was carried out only by considering the head pressure and atmospheric pressure. The outlet shape was found to have 13% more emissions than the spiral, which caused vortices due to the helical grooves and protrusions inside the hole, resulting in the loss of flow energy due to the increase in frictional resistance. As a result of checking the drainage according to the size, when the hole size is small, the drainage of water is gradually progressed. When the hole size is large, the drainage is increased rapidly and it is confirmed that it is discharged in a short time. If the hole size is infinite, the effect of drowning is maximized, but it may affect the structural strength of combat equipment, so it should be considered when designing the size of the outlet. Drainage pumps can save the combat equipment from the risk of flooding for water inflows below a certain level. Therefore, when the drainage pump is maintained, the pump is maintained, the pump efficiency should be guaranteed by thorough inspection and performance test.
Investigation of wear in a 3D printed Shaft – Bearing mechanism using different Lubricants
Authors: Jain Devanshu , Jain Akash , Singh Rc 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Wear is the damaging, gradual removal or deformation of material at solid surfaces. The material loss due to wearing of interacting surfaces is a major concern. This not only decreases the life of the components that are interacting but also lead to various hazards. A lubricant is a substance, usually organic, introduced to reduce friction between surfaces in mutual contact, which ultimately reduces the heat generated when the surfaces interact. The experiment has been carried to study the wear rates of the tribopair and effect of lubricants on it. The shaft was fabricated by using an inhouse built 3-D printer. It is performed using a shaft-bearing mechanism. This research article discusses the study of measurement of the reduction in wear in the materials Polylactic Acid and an MDF board using HP grease AP3 and Loctite Maintain as two different lubricants.
Simulation and investigations on semiconductor materials and devices with surround gate geometry for high performance and low power nano scale applications
Authors: Singh Bhoop , Prasad B. , Kumar Dinesh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
All The device with surround gate geometry provides a better way to scale down the dimensions and optimization of power and performance for nano scale applications. The superior gate control can be obtained by novel materials and innovative techniques for various regions of the nano scale device. The surround gate (SG) field effect transistor provides high gain, high trans-conductance, reduced short channel effects and conditions for scaling the technology to sub nano scale. The device has been modeled using SILCAVO Atlas3d and DevEdit3D module also used for creating the device structure with integration of multiple layers of different materials. In this paper surround gate device input (ID-VGS) and output (ID-VDS) characteristics have been intensively studied and parameters including ION/IOFF ratio, DIBL, sub threshold slope extracted and compared with the conventional devices. The silicon nanowire field effect transistor (SiNWFET) with surround gate geometry at 0.6 V applied between source and drain exhibits threshold voltage (VTH) 0.204 V, drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) 172 mV/V, sub-threshold swing (SS) 104.23 mV/dec, ION=440.1μA, IOFF=1.04 μA and ION/IOFF ratio 4.24e+02. The results demonstrate improvement in device parameters for the SiNWFET device as compared to other conventional MOSFETs. The result obtained for SiNWFET are also compared with FinFET and CNTFET devices. This research also investigates the integration of alternate channel, dielectric and gate materials into novel GAA device structure.
Evaluation for Structural Integrity of Waste Plastic Cup Modified Bituminous Mix by Microchemical Analysis
Authors: Karmakar Sandip , Roy Tapas Kumar 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Utilization of ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) to determine the stiffness of waste plastic cup (PC) modified HMA is considered as the “state of art” in this investigation. Besides, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and optical microscopy has been adopted to explore the hybridization as well as dispersion of PC droplets into the pristine bitumen for getting a homogeneous modified bitumen. Significant peak of H-C branch propagation at 2,700–3,300 cm 1 with inconspicuous carboxylic acid peak form FTIR spectroscopy has clarified a significant adhesive bitumen has been achieved for incorporating 2% PC in the pristine bitumen. However, even dispersion of PC modifier in the bitumen medium has justified its homogeneity for the cited dosage in the bitumen. Further, incremental trend in M.Q along with descending E value of the PC modified HMA has signified that beyond the aforementioned dosage such modified bitumen unable to coat the flaky basalt aggregate adequately in the HMA, thus air void may be formed in the HMA.
A new approach to identify similar users based on customer reviews
Authors: Chehal Dimple , Gupta Parul , Gulati Payal 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Recommender System suggests items of interest to users based on their preferences. These preferences are gauged through various sources such as purchase history, ratings, reviews and browsing behaviour. Collaborative filtering and content based filtering are the two widely used techniques that help in generating recommendations to the target user(s) by identifying similar users to target user or similar items to items of interest. Through this paper a new method to identify similar users based on the similarity of reviews has been proposed.
Portable Rotary-angle Detector for Industrial Motor Inspection
Authors: Hsieh Tsung-Han , Chen Jr-Rung , Hsu Po-Er , Ho Bing-Lin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Several types of precision equipment, such as machine tools and robot arms, rely on precision rotary motion. In this study, we developed a portable rotary-angle detector (PRAD) comprising five optical sensors and one angle ring with a 57-mm diameter to measure the positioning and radial errors of rotary motions. The five optical sensors were installed at equally divided intervals around the angle ring according to the equal division averaged method (EDA-Method) implementation. The grating of the angle ring has 9000 lines, and the signal interpolation of the angle detector system has 4000-fold subdivision. Therefore, the PRAD resolution can be achieved at 0.036 arcsec. Furthermore, a 12-face polygon and an autocollimator with 0.05-arcsec resolution and 0.25-arcsec accuracy were used to check the PRAD performance. The experimental results showed that the structure of the PRAD is simple. However, the difference over 360° is only 0.7 arcsec, indicating that PRAD is suitable for motor inspection in machine tools or robot arms.
Energy-efficient Scheduling for Multistage Manufacturing System with Parallel Machines
Authors: Chang-pu MA , ZHOU Bing-hai , Yi SU 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Increasing energy is prompting academicians to pay attention to energy efficient scheduling. This study establishes a mathematical model for multistage manufacturing system with parallel machines to minimize total energy consumption. A memetic algorithm based on differential evolution(MABDE) is developed to solve the model effectively. Two rules are incorporated into the proposed algorithm to narrow down the search space and improve search efficiency. Computational results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm.
Modelling public health benefits of various emission control options to reduce NO2 concentrations in Guangzhou
Authors: He Baihuiqian , Heal Mathew R , Reis Stefan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The local government of the megacity of Guangzhou, China, has established an annual average NO2 concentration target of 40 μg m−3 to achieve by 2020. However, the Guangzhou Ambient Air Quality Compliance Plan does not specify what constitutes compliance with this target. We investigated a range of ambition levels for emissions reductions required to meet different possible interpretations of compliance using a hybrid dispersion and land-use regression model approach. We found that to reduce average annual-mean NO2 concentration across all current monitoring sites to below 40 μg m−3 (i.e. a compliance assessment approach that does not use modelling) would require emissions reductions from all source sectors within Guangzhou of 60%, whilst to attain 40 μg m−3 everywhere in Guangzhou (based on model results) would require all-source emissions reduction of 90%. Reducing emissions only from the traffic sector would not achieve either interpretation of the target. We calculated the impacts of the emissions reductions on NO2-atttributable premature mortality to illustrate that policy assessment based only on assessment against a fixed concentration target does not account for the full public health improvements attained. Our approach and findings are relevant for NO2 air pollution control policy making in other megacities.
Non-degeneracy for the critical Lane–Emden system
Authors: Frank Rupert , Kim Seunghyeok , Pistoia Angela 
Published: June 2020

We prove the non-degeneracy for the critical Lane–Emden system

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\begin{equation*} -\Delta U = V^p,\quad -\Delta V = U^q,\quad U, V > 0 \quad \text {in } \mathbb {R}^N \end{equation*}

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. We show that all solutions to the linearized system around a ground state must arise from the symmetries of the critical Lane–Emden system provided that they belong to the corresponding energy space or they tend to zero at infinity.
Global Cropland Connectivity: A Risk Factor for Invasion and Saturation by Emerging Pathogens and Pests
Authors: Xing Yanru , Hernandez Nopsa John F , Andersen Kelsey F , Andrade-Piedra Jorge L , Beed Fenton D , Blomme Guy , Carvajal-Yepes Mónica , Coyne Danny L , Cuellar Wilmer J , Forbes Gregory A , Kreuze Jan F , Kroschel Jürgen , Kumar P Lava , Legg James P , Parker Monica , Schulte-Geldermann Elmar , Sharma Kalpana , Garrett Karen A 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe geographic pattern of cropland is an important risk factor for invasion and saturation by crop-specific pathogens and arthropods. Understanding cropland networks supports smart pest sampling and mitigation strategies. We evaluate global networks of cropland connectivity for key vegetatively propagated crops (banana and plantain, cassava, potato, sweet potato, and yam) important for food security in the tropics. For each crop, potential movement between geographic location pairs was evaluated using a gravity model, with associated uncertainty quantification. The highly linked hub and bridge locations in cropland connectivity risk maps are likely priorities for surveillance and management, and for tracing intraregion movement of pathogens and pests. Important locations are identified beyond those locations that simply have high crop density. Cropland connectivity risk maps provide a new risk component for integration with other factors—such as climatic suitability, genetic resistance, and global trade routes—to inform pest risk assessment and mitigation.
Haploinsufficiency of Tsc2 Leads to Hyperexcitability of Medial Prefrontal Cortex via Weakening of Tonic GABAB Receptor-mediated Inhibition
Authors: Bassetti Davide , Lombardi Aniello , Kirischuk Sergei , Luhmann Heiko J 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLoss-of-function mutation in one of the tumor suppressor genes TSC1 or TSC2 is associated with several neurological and psychiatric diseases, including autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). As an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, E/I ratio is believed to contribute to the development of these disorders, we investigated synaptic transmission during the first postnatal month using the Tsc2+/− mouse model. Electrophysiological recordings were performed in acute brain slices of medial prefrontal cortex. E/I ratio at postnatal day (P) 15–19 is increased in Tsc2+/− mice as compared with wildtype (WT). At P25–30, facilitated GABAergic transmission reduces E/I ratio to the WT level, but weakening of tonic GABAB receptor (GABABR)-mediated inhibition in Tsc2+/− mice leads to hyperexcitability both at single cell and neuronal network level. Short (1 h) preincubation of P25–30 Tsc2+/− slices with baclofen restores the GABABR-mediated inhibition and reduces network excitability. Interestingly, the same treatment at P15–19 leads to weakening of GABABR-mediated inhibition. We hypothesize that a dysfunction of tonic GABABR-mediated inhibition might contribute to the development of ASD symptoms and suggest that GABABR activation within an appropriate time window may be considered as a therapeutic target in ASD.
Differences in adrenocortical responses between urban and rural burrowing owls: poorly-known underlying mechanisms and their implications for conservation
Authors: Palma Antonio , Blas Julio , Tella José L , Cabezas Sonia , Marchant Tracy A , Carrete Martina 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal/interrenal (HPA) axis of vertebrates integrates external information and orchestrates responses to cope with energy-demanding and stressful events through changes in circulating glucocorticoid levels. Urbanization exposes animals to a wide variety of ever-changing stimuli caused by human activities that may affect local wildlife populations. Here, we empirically tested the hypothesis that urban and rural owls (Athene cunicularia) show different adrenocortical responses to stress, with urban individuals showing a reduced HPA-axis response compared to rural counterparts to cope with the high levels of human disturbance typical of urban areas. We applied a standard capture-restraint protocol to measure baseline levels and stress-induced corticosterone (CORT) responses. Urban and rural owls showed similar circulating baseline CORT levels. However, maximum CORT levels were attained earlier and were of lower magnitude in urban compared to rural owls, which showed a more pronounced and long-lasting response. Variability in CORT responses was also greater in rural owls and contained the narrower variability displayed by urban ones. These results suggest that only individuals expressing low-HPA-axis responses can thrive in cities, a pattern potentially mediated by three alternative and non-exclusive hypotheses: phenotypic plasticity, natural selection and matching habitat choice. Due to their different conservation implications, we recommend further research to properly understand wildlife responses to humans in an increasingly urbanized world.