bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence for Accelerated Biological Aging in Young Adults with Prader–Willi Syndrome
Authors: Donze Stephany H , Codd Veryan , Damen Layla , Goedegebuure Wesley J , Denniff Matthew , Samani Nilesh J , van der Velden Janiëlle A E M , Hokken-Koelega Anita C S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objective
Adults with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) are at increased risk of developing age-associated diseases early in life and, like in premature aging syndromes, aging might be accelerated. We investigated leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a marker of biological age, in young adults with PWS and compared LTL to healthy young adults of similar age. As all young adults with PWS were treated with growth hormone (GH), we also compared LTL in PWS subjects to GH-treated young adults born short for gestational age (SGA).

Design
Cross-sectional study in age-matched young adults; 47 with PWS, 135 healthy, and 75 born SGA.

Measurements
LTL measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, expressed as telomere/single copy gene ratio.

Results
Median (interquartile range) LTL was 2.6 (2.4–2.8) at a median (interquartile range) age of 19.2 (17.7–21.3) years in PWS, 3.1 (2.9–3.5) in healthy young adults and 3.1 (2.8–3.4) in the SGA group. Median LTL in PWS was significantly lower compared to both control groups (P &lt; .01). In PWS, a lower LTL tended to be associated with a lower total IQ (r = 0.35, P = .08). There was no association between LTL and duration of GH treatment, cumulative GH dose, or several risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus or cardiovascular disease.

Conclusions
Young adults with PWS have significantly shorter median LTL compared to age-matched healthy young adults and GH-treated young adults born SGA. The shorter telomeres might play a role in the premature aging in PWS, independent of GH. Longitudinal research is needed to determine the influence of LTL on aging in PWS.
PLXNA1 and PLXNA3 cooperate to pattern the nasal axons that guide gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons
Authors: Oleari Roberto , Caramello Alessia , Campinoti Sara , Lettieri Antonella , Ioannou Elena , Paganoni Alyssa , Fantin Alessandro , Cariboni Anna , Ruhrberg Christiana 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons regulate puberty onset and sexual reproduction by secreting GnRH to activate and maintain the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. During embryonic development, GnRH neurons migrate along olfactory and vomeronasal axons through the nose into the brain, where they project to the median eminence to release GnRH. The secreted glycoprotein SEMA3A binds its receptors neuropilin (NRP) 1 or NRP2 to position these axons for correct GnRH neuron migration, with an additional role for the NRP co-receptor PLXNA1. Accordingly, mutations in SEMA3A, NRP1, NRP2 and PLXNA1 have been linked to defective GnRH neuron development in mice and inherited GnRH deficiency in humans. Here, we show that only the combined loss of PLXNA1 and PLXNA3 phenocopied the full spectrum of nasal axon and GnRH neuron defects of SEMA3A knockout mice. Together with Plxna1, the human orthologue of Plxna3 should therefore be investigated as a candidate gene for inherited GnRH deficiency.
The relative biological effectiveness of proton irradiation in dependence of DNA damage repair
Authors: Deycmar Simon , Faccin Erica , Kazimova Tamara , Knobel Philip A. , Telarovic Irma , Tschanz Fabienne , Waller Verena , Winkler Rona , Yong Carmen , Zingariello Dario , Pruschy Martin 
Published: November 2019

Clinical parameters and empirical evidence are the primary determinants for current treatment planning in radiation oncology. Personalized medicine in radiation oncology is only at the very beginning to take the genetic background of a tumor entity into consideration to define an individual treatment regimen, the total dose or the combination with a specific anticancer agent. Likewise, stratification of patients towards proton radiotherapy is linked to its physical advantageous energy deposition at the tumor site with minimal healthy tissue being co-irradiated distal to the target volume. Hence, the fact that photon and proton irradiation also induce different qualities of DNA damages, which require differential DNA damage repair mechanisms has been completely neglected so far. These subtle differences could be efficiently exploited in a personalized treatment approach and could be integrated into personalized treatment planning. A differential requirement of the two major DNA double-strand break repair pathways, homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining, was recently identified in response to proton and photon irradiation, respectively, and subsequently influence the mode of ionizing radiation-induced cell death and susceptibility of tumor cells with defects in DNA repair machineries to either quality of ionizing radiation.
This review focuses on the differential DNA-damage responses and subsequent biological processes induced by photon and proton irradiation in dependence of the genetic background and discusses their impact on the unicellular level and in the tumor microenvironment and their implications for combined treatment modalities.
Detection of blood pathogens in camels and their associated ectoparasitic camel biting keds, Hippobosca camelina: the potential application of keds in xenodiagnosis of camel haemopathogens
Authors: Kidambasi Kevin O. , Masiga Daniel K. , Villinger Jandouwe , Carrington Mark , Bargul Joel L. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Major constraints to camel production include pests and diseases. In northern Kenya, little information is available about disease pathogens circulating in one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) or their possible transmission by the camel haematophagous ectoparasite, Hippobosca camelina, commonly known as camel ked or camel fly. This study aimed to: (i) identify the presence of potentially insect-vectored pathogens in camels and camel keds, and (ii) assess the potential utility of keds for xenodiagnosis of camel disease pathogens that they may not vector. Methods: In Laisamis, northern Kenya, camel blood samples (n = 249) and camel keds (n = 117) were randomly collected from camels. All samples were screened for trypanosomal and camelpox DNA by PCR, and for Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Brucella, Coxiella, Theileria, and Babesia by PCR coupled with high-resolution melting (PCR-HRM) analysis. Results: In camels, we detected Trypanosoma vivax (102/249) (41%), Trypanosoma evansi (3/249) (1.2%), and “Candidatus Anaplasma camelii” (137/200) (68.5%). In camel keds, we also detected T. vivax (53/117) (45.3%), T. evansi (3/117) (2.56%), Trypanosoma melophagium (1/117) (0.4%), and “Candidatus Anaplasma camelii” (19/117) (16.24 %). Piroplasms (Theileria spp. and Babesia spp.), Coxiella burnetii, Brucella spp., Ehrlichia spp., and camel pox were not detected in any samples. Conclusions: This study reveals the presence of epizootic pathogens in camels from northern Kenya. Furthermore, the presence of the same pathogens in camels and in keds collected from sampled camels suggests the potential use of these flies in xenodiagnosis of haemopathogens circulating in camels.
Riesgo biomecánico por carga estática y morbilidad sentida en docentes universitarios, Medellín 2018
Authors: Cataño I. Mauricio , Echeverri H. María C. , Penagos G. Juan Penagos G., C. , Pérez S. Kevin , Prisco J. Jessica P. , Restrepo P. Dayana , Tabares M. Yuliana 
Published: November 2019

Introducción: los desórdenes musculoesqueléticos son la principal causa de ausentismo laboral, debido a factores biomecánicos por posturas mantenidas e inadecuadas. Además, existe una alta prevalencia de morbilidad sentida que afecta las condiciones laborales, por lo que es necesario estudiar dichas condiciones y sus componentes en la población de docentes universitarios, conociendo las posiciones que adoptan y sus características durante su jornada laboral. Materiales y métodos: se condujo un estudio descriptivo, transversal, que incluyó a 70 docentes universitarios de medio tiempo y tiempo completo, quienes desempeñan funciones administrativas, de clase magistral o clase práctica. Se evaluó la percepción de morbilidad sentida con el Cuestionario Nórdico modificado, y el riesgo biomecánico por medio del método Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). Se realizó análisis uni, bi y multivariado para las variables del estudio. Resultados: el riesgo biomecánico según el reba de esta población fue medio para el 64,7 %. Se encontró que 7 de cada 10 docentes reportaron alguna condición de morbilidad, siendo más prevalente en las zonas de cuello, hombro y zona lumbar. Conclusión: el 68,5 % de los docentes universitarios participantes refieren algún tipo de morbilidad sentida (sintomatología musculoesquelética) y, en el nivel de riesgo biomecánico, se encuentra una mayor proporción en riesgo medio y alto. Esto sugiere que se debe implementar de manera inmediata una intervención en los docentes y en sus puestos de trabajo, con el fin de mejorar su desempeño laboral y su bienestar.
Peningkatan Minat Baca Melalui Metode Dongeng Pada Anak-anak Anggota Sanggar Ruang Aksara Gayamharjo Kabupaten Sleman Yogyakarta
Authors: Wulandari Ine 
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan minat baca anak-anak anggota Sanggar Ruang Aksara di Jali, Gayamharjo, Prambanan, Sleman melalui kegiatan dongeng. Dongeng dilakukan dengan memasukkan cerita motivasi yang menarik anak-anak agar menyukai buku dan gemar membacanya. Ada 15 anak yang menjadi sasaran kegiatan ini. Dongeng dilakukan selama 1,5 jam pada Minggu, 23 Oktober 2016. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil yaitu minat baca anak meningkat dilihat dari jumlah peminjam buku bertambah dari semula kurang dari sepuluh, dalam beberapa hari bisa meningkat menjadi belasan. Selain itu banyak diantara mereka yang minta dibacakan dongeng dari buku saat berkunjung ke Sanggar. Target pencapaian kegiatan akan lebih maksimal jika dongeng dilakukan rutin, sehingga semangat anak-anak akan terjaga konsistennya.
Optimales Energie-Management über verteilte, beschränkte Gradientenverfahren
Authors: Zimmermann Jan , Tatarenko Tatiana , Willert Volker , Adamy Jürgen 
Published: November 2019

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit verteilten, beschränkten Gradientenverfahren zur Optimierung eines Energie-Management-Problems. Zwei verschiedene Lösungsstrategien werden betrachtet. Zum einen wird ein Entkopplungsansatz analysiert, bei dem über einen Lagrange-Multiplikatoransatz die Beschränkungen in die Zielfunktion aufgenommen werden. Durch ein Gegenbeispiel wird gezeigt, dass dieses Verfahren nicht in jedem Fall auf das globale Optimum des Energie-Management-Problems konvergieren kann. Die zweite Strategie berücksichtigt Nebenbedingungen über einen Straffunktionsansatz und löst das Problem durch die Push-Sum-Konsensus-Dynamik. In der anschließenden Analyse dieses Verfahrens durch Simulation wird auf die Problematik der optimalen Parameterwahl sowie auf das Konvergenzverhalten bei unterschiedlicher Knoten- und Kantenanzahl des Graphen eingegangen.
Multikriterielle Optimierung für Wirkleistungseinsatzkonzepte von vermaschten AC-HGÜ-Systemen
Authors: Linke Franz , Glende Eric , Westermann Dirk , Wolter Martin 
Published: November 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Implementierung von VSC-basierten eingebetteten HGÜ-Systemen unterstützt das bestehende AC-System durch Wirkleistungsübertragung und Blindleistungsbereitstellung. Aus Sicht der ÜNB ermöglichen die eingebetteten HGÜ-Systeme eine Unterstützung des bestehenden Wechselstromübertragungssystems hinsichtlich der Betriebssicherheit. Diese Koordination wird durch Optimal Power Flow Berechnungen realisiert. In dieser Arbeit wird ein multikriterielles Konzept für eine optimale Planung der HGÜ-Wirkleistungsarbeitspunkte im Hinblick auf die Systemsicherheit erarbeitet. Bestehende Optimierer für OPF-Probleme umfassen deterministische und metaheuristische Ansätze. Darüber hinaus werden mehrere Optimierer beider Klassen in einem Testsystem bewertet, um ihre allgemeine Eignung für das daraus resultierende Optimierungsproblem zu beurteilen.
The Role of Storage and Trade in Food Security
Authors: Kennedy P. Lynn , Schmitz Andrew , van Kooten G. Cornelis 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper examines the role of storage and trade on food security with respect to milled rice in India for the period 1966–2013. Data on food balances, prices, and population obtained from FAOSTAT allow for the observation of the status quo with storage and trade. Then, using a spatial equilibrium framework, the outcomes without storage or trade are simulated. Our results are consistent with the literature with respect to welfare effects. Storage results in net welfare gains to society, although producers gain while consumers lose. Producers receive a welfare gain from net exports while consumers gain from net imports. From a food security perspective, the use of storage has provided benefits to consumers by increasing stability in the market, as seen through decreased standard deviation in both domestic rice prices and per capita availability. The results are mixed with respect to stability from trade.
Midterm surgical treatment outcomes of unstable distal radius fractures
Authors: Yeghiazaryan K. A. , Ratiev A. P. , Grigoriev A. V. , Germanov A. V. , Danilov M. A. , Chebotarev V. V. 
Published: November 2019

Background. Fracture of the distal radius is the most common injures bones of the forearm. Multifragmentary articular injures have occupied a special place among all fractures of the distal radius This factor due to the severity of the injury wrist joint, young patients and difficult rehabilitation.
Purpose of study: Improvement results surgical treatment unstable fractures of the distal radius.
Patients and methods. All patients were depended into two groups: The first group consisted of 34 patients. The first stage of treatment include close reduction and external fixations. If after external fixation we have persisting fractures dislocation, we take conversion external fixation, open reduction and plate fixation. The second group were included 30 person. In this group we take open reduction and plate fixation.
Results. 6 or 12 month after surgery in 1 group we have receiver 87% excellent results. In the the second group we have received 77% excellent results. In the first group 2 cases have slow fractures consolidation, infection complication not found. In the second group we have 2 complication: CRPS and infection.
Conclusion. Results in two groups of patients are assessed as good and excellent. The results of the study showed that external fixation in first stage of treatment allows to achieved better restoration radiocarpal joint anatomy (except for type В fractures), and without secondaly displacement tendency. The last fact is very important for patient with delayed the second stage of treatment. This patients with multiple injuries, open fractures and presence of an infected wound and etc. The second stage of treatment consisted of open reduction and plate fixation. Achieved full anatomy restoration radiocarpal joint with possible early rehabilitation.
Anne-Sürgün Yönteminin Kuşkonmaz Verimi ve Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: KORKMAZ Ahmet , KLİCİC Asima , KÖKLÜ Şebnem 
Published: November 2019

Bu çalışmada, ‘UC 157’ F1 çeşidine ait 5 yaşındaki kuşkonmaz (Asparagus
officinalis L.)
bitkileri materyal olarak kullanılmış ve 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında hasat
periyodunun farklı zamanlarında bırakılan anne sürgünlerin sürgün sayısı ve
kalitesi üzerine etkileri belirlenmiştir. Kuşkonmaz bitkilerinin bir kısmı anne
sürgün bırakılmaksızın 4 veya 6 hafta süreyle hasat edilmiştir. Ayrıca,
bitkilerin bir kısmı da 3 farklı zamanda (hasadın başında, hasat başladıktan 2
hafta sonra ve hasat başladıktan 4 hafta sonra) anne sürgün bırakılarak
toplamda 6 hafta süreyle hasat edilmiştir. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde hasadın
başlamasından 4 hafta sonra anne sürgün bırakılan bitkilerden hiç anne sürgün
bırakmadan 6 hafta boyunca hasat edilen bitkilere kıyasla %9-13 oranında daha
fazla pazarlanabilir sürgün elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca her iki yılda da elde
edilen pazarlanabilir sürgünlerin kalite sınıflandırılması dikkate alındığında,
yine aynı uygulamadan daha az oranda ince (8-12 mm çap) sürgün elde edildiği;
buna karşılık piyasada en çok talep edilen sürgün kalınlığı olan 12-16 mm ile
16-20 mm arasındaki sürgünlerin oranının ise yükseldiği görülmüştür. Bu
sonuçlara göre, 4 hafta süren hasadı takiben anne sürgün bırakma yönteminin
Kahramanmaraş koşullarında yapılacak olan kuşkonmaz yetiştiriciliğinde hem
pazarlanabilir sürgün sayısını hem de sürgün kalitesini arttırmada etkili
olduğu söylenebilir.
Teknologi Komunikasi Informasi dan Dekonstruksi Tren Pariwisata
Authors: Sukirno Zakaria Lantang , Irfan Edoardo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
ICT progress and dynamics has been changing human behavior and life. Thus, tourism industry has changed drastically because of the new media development. The changes in organizational order or structure, society, trend, and culture based on technology development become the signifier of postmodern era. ICT is responsible for the drastic change of tourist consumer behavior, tourist service companies, tourism marketing, and tourism business. That’s called as deconstruction. Tourism business must be sensitive to the consumer behavior and consumer culture deconstruction in this digital era that occurs in the tourism trend by following the ICT usage trend. Tourism entrepreneurs must deconstruct their mindset from competition to collaboration.Keywords : ICT, postmodern, deconstruction, tourism, apps, startup
Oxaliplatin resistance is enhanced by saracatinib via upregulation Wnt-ABCG1 signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liao Xia , Song Ge , Xu Zihan , Bu Yang , Chang Fan , Jia Fengan , Xiao Xuelian , Ren Xuejiao , Zhang Mei , Jia Qingan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Chemo-resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major problem, and acquired drug resistance prevents cancer therapies from achieving complete responses. Molecular targeting therapy presents an opportunity to impede tumor through combination or sequential therapy, while the accurate effect is vague. Methods: The efficacy of combinations between oxaliplatin and anti-cancer molecular targeting drugs was screened. Strangely, the combined chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and saracatinib induced significantly antagonistic effects. Then the antitumor effects of combined treatment with saracatinib and oxaliplatin were confirmed in wide type HCC as well as in saracatinib- and oxaliplatin-resistant HCC. RNA sequencing was used to explore the resistance mechanism, and the roles of ABCG1 and Wnt signaling in oxaliplatin resistance were confirmed. Results: Chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and saracatinib individually induced strong anti-HCC effects, while combined or sequential treatment of HCC cells with these two drugs exhibited reduced efficacy compared to treatment with the single drugs. And it was saracatinib treatment caused oxaliplatin resistance. RNA sequencing revealed 458 genes that were altered by treatment with saracatinib and oxaliplatin. Of these, the gene encoding the ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 ABCG1 and Wnt-associated genes were significantly upregulated. Upregulation of ABCG1 and oxaliplatin resistance were associated with activation of Wnt signaling. Interference with ABCG1 expression or inhibition of Wnt signaling resulted in reversal of the saracatinib-induced oxaliplatin resistance in HCC. Conclusions: These studies demonstrated that combined or sequential chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and saracatinib reduced antitumor efficacy, and this antagonism was attributed to the activation of Wnt signaling and upregulation of ABCG1 by saracatinib.
High prevalence of multidrug resistant ESBL- and plasmid mediated AmpC-producing clinical isolates of Escherichia coli at Maputo Central Hospital, Mozambique
Authors: Estaleva Calvina E. L. , Zimba Tomas F. , Sekyere John Osei , Govinden Usha , Chenia Hafizah Y. , Simonsen Gunnar S. , Haldorsen Bjørg , Essack Sabiha Y. , Sundsfjord Arnfinn 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background

Epidemiological data of cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales in Sub-Saharan Africa is still restricted, and in particular in Mozambique. The aim of this study was to detect and characterize extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) - and plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC)-producing clinical strains of Escherichia coli at Maputo Central Hospital (MCH), a 1,000-bed reference hospital in Maputo, Mozambique.

Methods

A total of 230 clinical isolates of E. coli (n=230) from urine (n=199) and blood cultures (n=31) were collected at MCH during August-November 2015. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the disc diffusion method and interpreted according to EUCAST guidelines. Isolates with reduced susceptibility to 3rd generation cephalosporins were examined further; phenotypically for an ESBL-/AmpC-phenotype by combined disc methods and genetically for ESBL- and pAmpC-encoding genes by PCR and partial amplicon sequencing as well as genetic relatedness by ERIC-PCR.

Results

A total of 75 isolates with reduced susceptibility to cefotaxime and/or ceftazidime (n=75) from urine (n=58/199; 29%) and blood (n=17/31; 55%) were detected. All 75 isolates were phenotypically ESBL-positive and 25/75 (33%) of those also expressed an AmpC-phenotype. ESBL-PCR and amplicon sequencing revealed a majority of blaCTX-M (n=58/75; 77%) dominated by blaCTX-M-15. All AmpC-phenotype positive isolates (n=25/75; 33%) scored positive for one or more pAmpC-genes dominated by blaMOX/FOX. Multidrug resistance (resistance ≥ three antibiotic classes) was observed in all the 75 ESBL-positive isolates dominated by resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. ERIC-PCR revealed genetic diversity among strains with minor clusters indicating intra-hospital spread.

Conclusion

We have observed a high prevalence of MDR pAmpC- and/or ESBL-producing clinical E. coli isolates with FOX/MOX and CTX-Ms as the major β-lactamase types, respectively. ERIC-PCR analyses revealed genetic diversity and some clusters indicating within-hospital spread. The overall findings strongly support the urgent need for accurate and rapid diagnostic services to guide antibiotic treatment and improved infection control measures.