bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation des doctrines juridiques et du rituel en islam (du viie au xve siècle)
Authors: Benkheira Mohammed Hocine 
Published: May 2020

Au cours de cette année, nous avons commencé par examiner une des principales thèses défendues par Joseph Schacht, qui est indéniablement le fondateur des études modernes sur l’histoire de ce qu’il appelait la « jurisprudence muhammadienne ». Il n’a jamais eu de cesse d’insister sur le caractère central de la Loi en islam…
Religion de l’Égypte ancienne
Authors: Coulon Laurent 
Published: May 2020

Dans le cadre de nos recherches sur le développement du culte osirien en Égypte du IIe au Ier millénaire av. J.-C., l’enquête sur le fétiche d’Abydos, entamée l’an dernier, a été poursuivie en partant de la documentation relative au clergé abydénien de l’époque ramesside puis en analysant les sources thébaines contemporaines. Dans la deuxième partie du séminaire, consacrée à la lecture d’inscriptions sacerdotales thébaines, nous avons d’abord étudié une série de monuments (statues issues de la Cachette de Karnak, situles) appartenant à une même famille ayant vécu à la XXXe dynastie et dont l’activité sacerdotale se répartit sur les sites de Karnak, Elkab, Tôd et Hout-Sekhem. La fin de l’année a été consacrée à l’étude d’une sélection de statues présentant une « mise en page » remarquable de leurs inscriptions, entre la XXVe dynastie et l’époque ptolémaïque.
Patristique grecque et histoire des dogmes
Authors: Boulnois Marie-Odile 
Published: May 2020

Les conférences du premier semestre ont porté sur la traduction et le commentaire du début du livre IX du Contre Julien de Cyrille d’Alexandrie autour de l’interprétation de Genèse 6, 2-4 : A qui faut-il identifier les « fils de Dieu » qui se sont unis aux filles des homme ? À des anges ou à des hommes ? Au deuxième semestre, nous avons étudié l’histoire de l’exégèse patristique de ces versets de Gn 6, 2-4 qui sont au cœur de l’objection de Julien. Dans notre cours de Master, nous avons comparé les utilisations par Justin et Eusèbe de Césarée de la théophanie de Mambré (Genèse 18) dans leurs polémiques anti-juives.
Histoire de l’histoire de la sagesse en islam
Authors: Terrier Mathieu 
Published: May 2020

Quatre « histoires de la sagesse » ont été mises à l’étude cette année : le Muntakhab Ṣiwān al-ḥikma attribué à al-Sijistānī (m. ca 374/985) ; le Mukhtār al-ḥikam wa maḥāsin al-kilam d’Ibn Fātik (m. ca 480/1087) ; le Kitāb Ṭabaqāt al-umam de Ṣā‘id al-Andalusī (m. 462/1070) ; le Kitāb al-Milal wa-l-niḥal d’al-Shahrastānī (m. 548/1153). Conjuguant des données mytho-historiques à de longues gnomologies, ce sont des essais originaux sur la sagesse et son devenir, visant à la fois la légitimation de la philosophie, la transmission d’idées souvent hétérodoxes et l’éducation philosophique des lecteurs. Ils joueront un rôle important dans l’histoire de la philosophie en islam en fournissant matériaux et personnages conceptuels à des penseurs plus systématiques.
Diversity and nutritional value of pollen harvested by honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies during lowbush blueberry and cranberry (Ericaceae) pollination
Authors: Dufour Claude , Fournier Valérie , Giovenazzo Pierre 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe growth of the commercial pollination industry raises important concerns regarding honey bee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus; Hymenoptera: Apidae) health and development. While providing such services, honey bees are often exposed to undiversified pollen sources that may contribute to nutritional deficiencies, notably in protein and amino acids. To understand how honey bees are affected during provision of pollination services, we compared honey bee colonies that pollinated lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton; Ericaceae) and/or cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton; Ericaceae) crops (management strategies) with control colonies in a diversified farmland environment. We identified the floral species of pollen collected by honey bee colonies in those crops compared to pollen collected by control colonies. We also analysed the protein and essential amino acid content of collected pollen and bee bread and measured the nutritional impact of pollination services on honey bee colonies. We found that honey bees providing blueberry and/or cranberry pollination services are exposed to a less diversified pollen diet than colonies located in a farmland environment, especially in a cranberry field. There was a significantly lower proportion of crude protein content in collected and stored pollen during provision of blueberry pollination services, which led to a smaller brood population. Many nutritional deficiencies were measured with regards to essential amino acids.
Editorial - (Re) diseño desobediente: recrear mundos y abrir posibles
Authors: Callén Blanca , Martínez Morant Mara , Rispoli E. R. 
Published: May 2020

Desde disciplinas como la filosofía (Foucault, 1990), los estudios sociales de la ciencia y la tecnología (Winner, 1980; Latour, 1998) o más recientemente la antropología del diseño (Smith et al, 2016), hace tiempo que se asume y pone de manifiesto cómo los dispositivos tecnológicos y los objetos de diseño “tienen” política. Si “la tecnología es sociedad hecha para que dure” (Latour, 1998), los objetos de diseño también son una expansión de esa durabilidad social hecha materia. Lejos de una supuesta neutralidad muda e inerte de los objetos en manos de una voluntad humana que los instrumentaliza y dirige hacia sus propios fines, las cualidades estéticas, formales y matéricas de objetos cotidianos e infraestructuras incorporan, de forma situada, disposiciones materiales que favorecen unos intereses por encima de otros, convocan o excluyen a diferentes colectivos, favorecen o dificultan ciertas acciones, composiciones y comportamientos, y a través de su uso hacen más o menos compatibles, plausibles u obligatorias ciertas formas de vida: lo social es una continuidad del diseño y viceversa.
A ese respecto, Langdon Winner señala: “Las cosas que llamamos ‘tecnologías’ son maneras de establecer orden en nuestro mundo. Muchos sistemas y dispositivos técnicos importantes en nuestra vida cotidiana contienen posibilidades para ordenar la actividad humana de muchas maneras diferentes. De forma más o menos consciente y voluntaria, las sociedades eligen estructuras y tecnologías que influencian la manera en que la gente, comunica, viaja, consume, va al trabajo, etc., durante un periodo muy largo de tiempo. […]
Los asuntos que dividen —o unen— las personas en una sociedad no residen solamente en las instituciones y en las prácticas de la política en el sentido tradicional de la palabra, sino también —y de forma menos obvia— en infraestructuras tangibles de hierro y hormigón, cables y transistores, tornillos y tuercas” (1980, p. 128).
Molecular composition and photochemical evolution of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) extracted from field biomass burning aerosols using high-resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Cai Jing , Zeng Xiangying , Zhi Guorui , Gligorovski Sasho , Sheng Guoying , Yu Zhiqiang , Wang Xinming , Peng Ping'an 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Photochemistry plays an important role in the evolution of atmospheric water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), which dissolves into clouds, fogs, and aerosol
liquid water. In this study, we tentatively examined the molecular
composition and evolution of a WSOC mixture extracted from field-collected
wheat straw burning aerosol (WSBA) samples upon photolysis, using direct
infusion electrospray ionisation (ESI) coupled to high-resolution mass
spectrometry (HRMS) and liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with HRMS. For
comparison, two typical phenolic compounds (i.e. phenol and guaiacol)
emitted from lignin pyrolysis in combination with hydrogen peroxide
(H2O2) as a typical OH radical precursor were simultaneously
exposed to simulated sunlight irradiation. Their photochemical products such
as phenolic dimers (e.g. m∕z 185.0608 for phenol dimer and m∕z 245.0823 for
guaiacol dimer) or their isomers, were also observed in field-collected WSBA
samples, suggesting that the aqueous-phase reactions might contribute to the
formation of emitted biomass burning aerosols. The aqueous photochemistry of
both the phenols (photooxidation) and WSBA extracts (direct photolysis)
could produce a series of highly oxygenated compounds, which in turn
increases the oxidation degree of organic composition and acidity of the
bulk solution. In particular, the LC/ESI-HRMS technique revealed significant
photochemical evolution of the WSOC composition in WSBA samples, e.g. the
photodegradation of low oxygenated species and the formation of highly
oxygenated products. We also tentatively compared the mass spectra of
photolytic time-profile WSBA extracts with each other for a more
comprehensive description of the photolytic evolution. The calculated
average oxygen-to-carbon ratio (O∕C) of oxygenated compounds in bulk extract
increases from 0.38±0.02 to 0.44±0.02 (mean ± standard
deviation), while the intensity (S∕N)-weighted average O∕C (O∕Cw)
increases from 0.45±0.03 to 0.53±0.06 as the time of
irradiation extends from 0 to 12 h. These findings indicate that the water-soluble organic fraction of combustion-derived aerosols has the potential to
form more oxidised organic matter, contributing to the highly oxygenated
nature of atmospheric organic aerosols.
Significant production of ClNO2 and possible source of Cl2 from N2O5 uptake at a suburban site in eastern China
Authors: Xia Men , Peng Xiang , Wang Weihao , Yu Chuan , Sun Peng , Li Yuanyuan , Liu Yuliang , Xu Zhengning , Wang Zhe , Xu Zheng , Nie Wei , Ding Aijun , Wang Tao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. ClNO2 and Cl2 can affect atmospheric oxidation and thereby the
formation of ozone and secondary aerosols, yet their sources and production
mechanisms are not well understood or quantified. In this study we present
field observations of ClNO2 and Cl2 at a suburban site in eastern
China during April 2018. Persistent high levels of ClNO2 (maximum:
∼3.7 ppbv; 1 min average) were frequently observed at night,
due to the high ClNO2 yield (φ (ClNO2), 0.56±0.20)
inferred from the measurements. The φ (ClNO2) value showed a
positive correlation with the [Cl−] / [H2O] ratio, and its
parameterization was improved at low to median yields (0–0.75) by the incorporation of [Cl−] / [H2O] and the suppression
effect of aerosol organics. ClNO2 and Cl2 showed a significant
correlation on most nights. We show that the Cl2 at our site was more
likely a co-product with ClNO2 from N2O5 uptake on acidic
aerosols that contain chloride than being produced by ClNO2 uptake as
previously suggested. We propose a mechanism in which NO2+ can
react with Cl− to produce Cl2 and ClNO2 simultaneously. Under
a new framework which regards Cl2, ClNO2, and nitrate as products
of N2O5 uptake, the Cl2 yield (φ (Cl2)) was
derived using ambient data. φ (Cl2) exhibited significant
correlations with [Cl−] and [H+], based on which a
parameterization of φ (Cl2) was developed. The derived
parameterizations of φ (ClNO2) and φ (Cl2)
can be used in models to evaluate the nighttime production of ClNO2 and
Cl2 and their impact on the next day's photochemistry.
Developing a novel hybrid model for the estimation of surface 8 h ozone (O3) across the remote Tibetan Plateau during 2005–2018
Authors: Li Rui , Zhao Yilong , Zhou Wenhui , Meng Ya , Zhang Ziyu , Fu Hongbo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. We developed a two-stage model called the random-forest–generalised additive
model (RF–GAM), based on satellite data, meteorological factors, and other
geographical covariates, to predict the surface 8 h O3 concentrations
across the remote Tibetan Plateau. The 10-fold cross-validation result
suggested that RF–GAM showed excellent performance, with the highest
R2 value (0.76) and lowest root-mean-square error (RMSE)
(14.41 µg m−3), compared with other seven machine-learning models. The
predictive performance of RF–GAM showed significant seasonal
discrepancy, with the highest R2 value observed in summer (0.74),
followed by winter (0.69) and autumn (0.67), and the lowest one in spring
(0.64). Additionally, the unlearning ground-observed O3 data collected
from open-access websites were applied to test the transferring ability of the
novel model and confirmed that the model was robust in predicting the surface
8 h O3 concentration during other periods (R2=0.67, RMSE = 25.68 µg m−3). RF–GAM was then used to predict the daily 8 h
O3 level over the Tibetan Plateau during 2005–2018 for the first time. It
was found that the estimated O3 concentration displayed a slow increase,
from 64.74±8.30 µg m−3 to 66.45±8.67 µg m−3 from 2005 to 2015, whereas it decreased from the peak to 65.87±8.52 µg m−3 during 2015–2018. Besides this, the estimated 8 h
O3 concentrations exhibited notable spatial variation, with the highest
values in some cities of the northern Tibetan Plateau, such as Huangnan (73.48±4.53 µg m−3) and Hainan (72.24±5.34 µg m−3), followed by the cities in the central region, including Lhasa
(65.99±7.24 µg m−3) and Shigatse (65.15±6.14 µg m−3), and the lowest O3 concentration occurred in a city of
the southeastern Tibetan Plateau called Aba (55.17±12.77 µg m−3).
Based on the 8 h O3 critical value (100 µg m−3) provided by
the World Health Organization (WHO), we further estimated the annual mean
nonattainment days over the Tibetan Plateau. It should be noted that most of the
cities on the Tibetan Plateau had excellent air quality, while several
cities (e.g. Huangnan, Haidong, and Guoluo) still suffered from more than
40 nonattainment days each year, which should be given more attention in order to
alleviate local O3 pollution. The results shown herein confirm that the
novel hybrid model improves the prediction accuracy and can be applied to
assess the potential health risk, particularly in remote regions with
few monitoring sites.
Analysing uncertainties in offshore wind farm power output using measure–correlate–predict methodologies
Authors: Mifsud Michael Denis , Sant Tonio , Farrugia Robert Nicholas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. This paper investigates the uncertainties resulting from
different measure–correlate–predict (MCP) methods to project the power and energy
yield from a wind farm. The analysis is based on a case study that utilises
short-term data acquired from a lidar wind measurement system deployed at a
coastal site in the northern part of the island of Malta and long-term
measurements from the island's international airport. The wind speed at the
candidate site is measured by means of a lidar system. The predicted power
output for a hypothetical offshore wind farm from the various MCP
methodologies is compared to the actual power output obtained directly from
the input of lidar data to establish which MCP methodology best predicts the
power generated. The power output from the wind farm is predicted by inputting wind speed and
direction derived from the different MCP methods into windPRO® (https://www.emd.dk/windpro, last access: 8 May 2020). The predicted power is compared to
the power output generated from the actual wind and direction data by using
the normalised mean absolute error (NMAE) and the normalised mean-squared
error (NMSE). This methodology will establish which combination of MCP
methodology and wind farm configuration will have the least prediction
error. The best MCP methodology which combines prediction of wind speed and wind
direction, together with the topology of the wind farm, is that using
multiple linear regression (MLR). However, the study concludes that the
other MCP methodologies cannot be discarded as it is always best to compare
different combinations of MCP methodologies for wind speed and wind
direction, together with different wake models and wind farm topologies.
Spinopelvic Dissociation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Bäcker Henrik C. , Vosseller J. Turner , Deml Moritz C. , Perka Carsten , Putzier Michael 
Published: May 2020

Introduction:Spinopelvic dissociation is a rare type of injury which occurs in approximately 2.9% of pelvic disruptions and correlates with high-energy trauma.The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the incidence, demographics, treatment, clinical outcome, and complication rate associated with these injuries.Methods:A literature review on Medline, PubMed, and Google was performed. Overall, 216 abstracts were reviewed in English, German, and French, of which 50 articles were included.Results:Within the 50 studies, 19 publications were case reports and 16 were case series with low-level evidence. Overall, 379 patients with spinopelvic dissociation were identified at a mean age of 31.6 ± 11.6 years and an injury severity score of 23.1 ± 3.8 between 1969 and 2018. Most cases were related to fall from heights (55.7%), followed by road accidents (28.5%). Two hundred fifty-eight patients (68.1%) showed neurologic impairment at initial presentation, which improved in 65.1% after surgery. The treatment of choice was surgery in 93.1% of cases with triangular fixation in 68.8%. Regardless of the technique, the healing/fusion rate was 100% with a complication rate of 29.9% (n = 96/321).Conclusion:Spinopelvic dissociation is a rare type of injury with limited data in the literature. Based on our review, it is possible that a streamlined, evidence-based algorithm may improve care for these difficult patients.Level of Evidence:IIStudy Design:Systematic Review
Religion, fantasyfilm og fantastiske væsener:
Authors: Feldt Laura 
Published: May 2020

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This article discusses the nexus of religion and media on the basis of an analysis of one example of religion in popular culture: the expansion of J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series in the book Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2001) and the subsequent film by the same title connected to the book (directed by David Yates, screenplay by J.K. Rowling 2016). I present a study of religion-based, media-focused approach to film analysis that distinguishes between verbal and non-verbal aspects of mediation. The analysis treats the mediation of religion – traditional religion, magic and monstrous beings – in the film, as well as the mediality of the film. The analysis shows that the film forms part of a broader trend that portrays traditional religion as ossified and authoritative, while magic, monsters and green religion are represented as fascinating and attractive. Moreover, I argue that the mediality of the film sustains a blurring of boundaries between worlds in terms of the film-internal world structure, in terms of the diegetic vs. the afilmic world, and in terms of the hu-man vs. the nonhuman world. The key argument of the article is that pop-cultural me-dia constitute an important arena for religion, as media such as fantasy films both re-flect and form religious transformations today. This arena needs more attention in the study of religion.
DANSK RESUME: Denne artikel diskuterer religion og medier ud fra en analyse af et eksempel på religion i populærkultur, nemlig en videreudvikling relateret til J.K. Row-lings Harry Potter univers: udgivelsen af bogen Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2001), en bog der er fiktivt indlejret som undervisningsbog på Hogwarts School of Wizardry and Witchcraft, og den senere filmatisering der knytter sig til bo-gen, Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (instrueret af David Yates, screenplay af J.K. Rowling 2016). Artiklen præsenterer en religionsvidenskabelig, mediefokuseret tilgang til filmanalyse, der inkluderer både verbale og non-verbale medierings-aspekter. Analysen behandler fremstillingen af religion – hhv. traditionel religion, magi og det monstrøse – i det filmiske univers, samt filmens medialitet. Analysen viser, at filmen indlejrer sig i en bredere trend, hvor traditionel religion fremstilles som forstenet og autoritær, mens magi, monstre og grøn religion fremstilles positivt og tiltrækkende, samt endvidere at filmens medialitet understøtter en udviskning af grænserne mellem verdener både i den tekst-interne verdensstruktur, mellem den diegetiske og den afilmi-ske verden, samt mellem den humane og den non-humane verden. Artiklen argumente-rer grundlæggende for at populærkulturelle medier såsom fantasyfilm udgør en vigtig arena for religion, og at denne arena bør behandles religionsvidenskabeligt, da den både afspejler og former religiøse forandringer i samtiden.
Lumbar Diagnosis and Pressure Difference Variance
Authors: Voleti Navya , Gaspari Michael A. , George Elizabeth , Angelo Nicole , Yao Sheldon 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Context
There is no consensus on the correlation between clinical experience and accuracy in diagnosing somatic dysfunctions, which makes it difficult to justify the use of more subjective measures to evaluate this important association. To better understand this relationship, palpatory forces can be observed while diagnosing a somatic dysfunction.

Objective
To quantify the pressure applied in diagnosing lumbar somatic dysfunction, find a correlation between accuracy of diagnosis and palpation pressure, set the standards for palpation, and develop precise palpatory skills for osteopathic medical students.

Methods
The palpatory forces were evaluated between participants with varying experience levels (osteopathic medical students and attending physicians from the New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine). Two osteopathic physicians confirmed an L5 somatic dysfunction diagnosis in a volunteer standardized patient (SP), who served as the control. Participants then palpated the lumbar segment of the SP in a prone position with F-Scan System (TekScan) sensors, which recorded the amount of pressure and time used to reach a full diagnosis.

Results
Participants (11 osteopathic medical students and 10 attending physicians) who diagnosed an L5 somatic dysfunction consistent with the SP's diagnosis had less of a difference in peak force (mean [SD] difference, 62.50 [325.7] g/cm2) between the contact points (right hand vs left hand). In contrast, participants with a dissimilar L5 diagnosis from the SP's had a mean (SD) difference in peak force of 319.38 (703.1) g/cm2. Similarly, the difference in the mean (SD) force of palpation between the contact points was lower in participants who made the correct diagnosis (16.81 [117.4] g/cm2) vs those who made an incorrect diagnosis (123.92 [210.3] g/cm2). No statistical significance was found between the diagnostic accuracy of the students and physicians (P=.387) or the time taken to reach a diagnosis (P=.199).

Conclusion
We observed that using equal pressures in both hands while palpating a lumbar segment correlates to more accurate somatic dysfunction diagnoses.