bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Utilization of traditional Chinese medicine and the impact on medical burden of geriatric inpatients with chronic diseases
Authors: Zhan Huan , Zang Shuang , Liu Jia , Wang Xin , Liang Rongzhou 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe burden of chronic diseases seriously affects the health and quality of life of the geriatric. Many studies have pointed out that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) can alleviate the problem of expensive medical treatment. It is unknown that how situation of the utilization of TCM in geriatric patients with chronic diseases and the impact of the use of TCM on their medical burden.MethodsThrough stratified multi-stage sampling method, 1336 institutions in Hunan Province of China were surveyed to obtain expenditure inpatient’s of geriatric with chronic diseases in 2018. Possion regression model was used to analysis the utilization of TCM. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed to observe the medical burden in TCM user’ group and TCM nousers’ group. The relationship between proportion of expenses of TCM to expenses of drugs(Ptcm) and medical burden were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation analyses.ResultsIn geriatric inpatients with chronic diseases, female (RR=1.009, RR95%CI: 1.006-1.013), patients who have not undergone surgery(RR=1.246, RR95%CI:1.237-1.255), the elderly and the insured patients were more likely to use TCM for treatment. The distribution of Totalexp in the TCM users group and the TCM nousers group was different in various types of chronic diseases (all p<0.001). For some types of chronic diseases, the Ptcm has a negative correlation with Totalexp, cost of medicine，OOPs(rs<0 and p<0.005).ConclusionThere were differences in the utilization of TCM treatment of geriatric patients with chronic diseases in terms of gender, age, institution and insurance status. Treatment mainly used TCM for geriatric chronic diseases of respiratory system, digestive system, circulatory system, ear and neurological has obvious cost-benefit advantages, and conducive to reducing the burden of patients.
How self-control affects our training and nutrition goals: A comparison between overweight women and bodybuilders.
Authors: Chan Henry , Muzy Roberta Carbonari , Kanas Paula H. D. , Lancha Luciana O. P. , Rabelo Ivan S. , Rubio Katia , Muzy Paulo C. , Lancha Antonio H. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The psychological and dedication in bodybuilding has a significant impact in these athlete’s lives, supporting self-control and individual’s social realization. Moreover, their motivation is an important key during the pre competition period, when high levels of self-control contribute to achieving goals and performing under pressure. Purpose : the aim of this research is to study the differences between the locus of control of overweight women and bodybuilding athletes.Methods : The current study was designed to compare two groups (n=18); female bodybuilders (n=10) and overweight women (n=8). Data were collected by survey monkey URL link, composed of 12 questions involving nutrition and training lifestyle, each with 3 possible columns with answers: relying on reward / relying on others/ relying on me. Participants were requested to answer by classifying how the sources of control affect each item with ratings from 1 to 5. The average result of each question and column was calculated with comparison purposes.Results : The column “relying on me” had the same average rating 4.9/5 rating for bodybuilders and overweight women. For “relying on others” the athletes’ average rating was 1.2/5 and for non-athletes 1.4/5. The major difference was regarding “relying on a reward” with an average rating of 2.7/5 for the group of bodybuilders and 1.9/5 for non-athletes.Conclusions : We concluded that a source of reward is much more significant to athletes, which can refer to either intrinsic or extrinsic motivation. keywords: bodybuilding, motivation, locus of control
Role of Eg5 in Prognosis Prediction and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Shao Yu-Yun , Sun Nai-Yun , Jeng Yung-Ming , Wu Yao-Ming , Hsu Chiun , Hsu Chih-Hung , Hsu Hey-Chi , Cheng Ann-Lii , Lin Zhong-Zhe 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The kinesin Eg5, a mitosis-associated protein, is overexpressed in many cancers. Here we explored the clinical significance of Eg5 in HCC.Methods: HCC tissues from surgical resection were collected. Total RNA was prepared from tumorous and nontumorous parts. Eg5 expression levels were correlated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). In vitro efficacy of LGI-147, a specific Eg5 inhibitor, was tested in HCC cell lines. In vivo efficacy of Eg5 inhibition was investigated in a xenograft model.Results: A total of 108 HCC samples were included. The patients were divided into three tertile groups with high, medium, and low Eg5 expression levels. OS of patients with low Eg5 expression was better than that of patients with medium and high Eg5 expression (median, 155.6 vs. 75.3 vs. 57.7 months, p = 0.002). DFS of patients with low Eg5 expression was also better than that of patients with medium and high Eg5 expression (median, 126.3 vs. 46.2 vs. 39.4 months, p = 0.001). In multivariate analyses, the associations between Eg5 expression and OS (p < 0.001) or DFS remained (p < 0.001). LGI-147 reduced cell growth via cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and induced accumulation of abnormal mitotic cells. In the xenograft model, the tumor growth rate under LGI-147 treatment was significantly slower than the control.Conclusion: High Eg5 expression was associated with poor HCC prognosis. In vitro and in vivo evidence suggests that Eg5 may be a reasonable therapeutic target for HCC.
Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST) Training for First-Year Resident Physicians at a University Hospital in Japan: A Longitudinal, Observational Study
Authors: Ota Koshi , Oba Koji , Ito Yuri , Ota Kanna , Takasu Akira 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Ultrasound training is an essential part of residency programs during emergency medicine (EM) rotations for first-year trainees (postgraduate year 1; PGY1). The Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) examination to assess for internal bleeding in trauma patients is one of the essential scans, which PGY1 residents must learn during the EM rotation.Method: A prospective, longitudinal, observational study of PGY1 residents during an EM rotation (two months) conducted from April 1, 2019 to March 31, 2020 was performed. The primary outcome was the mean difference between the hands-on FAST examination scores of the first week of the EM rotation and the same hands-on FAST examination scores of the last week of the EM rotation. All PGY1 residents could access the ultrasound machine freely for examining other PGY1 residents and could use it for real patients under supervision of EM physicians.Result: A total of 34 PGY1 residents (male 29, female 5) were recruited and completed the hands-on FAST test in both the first week and the last week of the rotation. The mean test score for the PGY1 residents in the first week was 7.53 (standard deviation [SD] 2.12). The mean test score in the last week was 15.88 (SD 2.46). The primary outcome of this study was the score difference between the first and last weeks (mean 8.35, 95% confidence interval 7.36 - 9.35, P < 0.0001, paired t-test).Conclusion: Hands-on practical FAST training for PGY1 residents during EM rotations significantly improved their FAST test scores.
Validation of Age-specific Survival Prediction in Pediatric Patients With Blunt Trauma Using Trauma and Injury Severity Score Methodology: A Ten-year Nationwide Observational Study
Authors: Toida Chiaki , Muguruma Takashi , Gakumazawa Masayasu , Shinohara Mafumi , Abe Takeru , Takeuchi Ichiro , Morimura Naoto 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: In-hospital mortality in trauma patients decreased recently owing to improved trauma injury prevention systems. However, no study which evaluated the validity of Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) in pediatrics by detailed classification of patients’ age and injury severity in Japan. This retrospective nationwide study evaluated the validity of TRISS in predicting survival in Japanese pediatric patients with blunt trauma by age and injury severity.Methods: Data were obtained from the Japan Trauma Data Bank during 2009−2018.Results: In all age categories, the area under the curve (AUC) for TRISS demonstrated high performance (0.935, 0.981, 0.979, and 0.977). The Accuracy of TRISS was 99.9%, 98.2%, 92.1%, 76.7%, 55.3%, and 72.1% in survival probability (Ps) interval groups (0.96−1.00), (0.91−0.95), (0.76.−0.90), (0.51−0.75), (0.26−0.50), and (0.00−0.25), respectively. The AUC for TRISS demonstrated moderate performance in the Ps interval group (0.96−1.00) and low performance in other Ps interval groups.Conclusions: The TRISS methodology appears to predict survival accurately in Japanese pediatric patients with blunt trauma; however, there were several problems in adopting the TRISS methodology for younger blunt trauma patients with higher injury severity. In the future, we should consider to conducting a simple, high-quality prediction model that is more suitable for pediatric trauma patients than the current TRISS model.
In vivo optogenetics reveals homeostatic control of cochlear sensitivity by supporting cells
Authors: Lukashkina Victoria , Levic Snezana , Simões Patricio , Xu Zhenhang , DiGuiseppi Joseph , Zuo Jian , Lukashkin Andrei , Russell Ian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We used optogenetics to investigate the control of auditory sensitivity by cochlear supporting cells that scaffold outer hair cells, which transduce and amplify cochlear responses to sound. In vivo and in vitro measurements of sound-induced cochlear mechanical and electrical responses were made from mice that conditionally expressed nonselective cationic channelrhodopsins in Deiters’ and outer pillar supporting cells in the organ of Corti. We demonstrated that cochlear light-stimulation and subsequent activation of channelrhodopsins depolarized the supporting cells, changed their extracellular electrical environment, and sensitized insensitive and desensitized sensitive cochlear responses to sound. We concluded that outer hair cells, Deiters’ cells and outer pillar cells interact through feedback which regulates their immediate ionic and electrical environment and controls energy flow in the mammalian cochlea to optimize its performance over its entire dynamic range. Activation of the supporting cell channelrhodopsins shunts this feedback system and restores cochlear sensitivity to a set level.
Requirement of splicing factor hnRNP A2B1 of hnRNPs for tumorigenesis of melanoma stem cells
Authors: Chu Mengqi , Wan Haitao , Zhang Xiaobo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Cancer stem cells play essential roles in tumorigenesis, thus being the important targets for tumor therapy. The hnRNP family proteins, the important splicing factors, are found to be associated with tumor progression. However, the influence of hnRNPs on cancer stem cells has not been extensively explored.Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were used to examine the gene expression level. RNA immunoprecipitation assay and RNA sequencing were conducted to identify the RNAs interacted with hnRNP A2B1 on a genome-wide scale. The in vivo assays were performed in nude mice.Results: In this study, the results showed that hnRNP A2B1 of 19 hnRNPs was significantly upregulated in melanoma stem cells compared with non-stem cells, suggesting the important role of hnRNP A2B1 in cancer stem cells. The hnRNP A2B1 silencing triggered the cell cycle arrest in G2 phase, leading to apoptosis of melanoma stem cells. The results revealed that hnRNP A2B1 could bind to the precursor mRNAs of pro-apoptosis genes (DAPK1, SYT7 and RNF128) and anti-apoptosis genes (EIF3H, TPPP3 and DOCK2) to regulate the splicing of these 6 genes, thus promoting the expressions of anti-apoptosis genes and suppressing the expressions of pro-apoptosis genes. The in vivo data indicated that hnRNP A2B1 was required for tumorigenesis of melanoma stem cells in vivo by affecting the splicing of TPPP3, DOCK2, EIF3H, RNF128, DAPK1 and SYT7, thus suppressing apoptosis of melanoma stem cells.Conclusions: HnRNP A2B1 was required for tumorigenesis of melanoma stem cells. Therefore our findings presented novel molecular insights into the roles of hnRNPs in cancer stem cells.
Targeted senolytic prodrug is well tolerated and results in amelioration of frailty, muscle regeneration and cognitive functions in geriatric mice
Authors: Doan Linda , Paine Patrick , Tran Christopher , Parsons Benjamin , Hiller Amanda , Joshua Isaac , Collaco Nicholas , Vitari Alberto , Morree Antoine De , Ishak Heather , Jasper Jeffrey , Gallop Mark , Luo Jian , Wyss-Coray Tony , Rando Thomas , Quarta Marco 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Mammalian aging coincides with an accumulation of senescent cells. Depletion of senescent cells shows promise to treat age-related diseases. However, many of the senolytic drugs used to deplete senescent cells cause profound toxic side effects. Here we tested a prodrug form of a pan-cytotoxic drug and demonstrated dramatically reduced side effects in geriatric mice while gaining senolytic selectivity. Specifically, we employ a strategy that takes advantage of the greatly enriched expression of the lysosomal hydrolase β-Galactosidase in senescent cells as a tool to selectively convert the prodrug into the active parent drug. In young, old and geriatric mice this prodrug was well tolerated and proved capable of reducing the burden of senescence in multiple tissues without evident toxicity. Importantly, chronic systemic treatment of geriatric mice resulted in reduced frailty index, improved muscle tissue and stem cell functions, improved cognitive functions and overall improved survival. This work supports future senolytic prodrug designs, based on other metabolic functions characteristic of senescent cells, on different parent drugs and aimed at clinical development. This new class of senolytic prodrugs promises capabilities of targeting selectively and safely specific senescent cell types in multiple tissues to treat age-related diseases in geriatric people.
Conservation of forest based on a fuelwood substitute as well as considering the cultural and spiritual values: an optimal fuelwood harvest model
Authors: Banerjee Polash 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Excessive fuelwood harvest is a major cause of deforestation in the developing countries. To mitigate this, various preventive measures have been introduced in different countries. Availability of affordable substitute to the community dependent on the forest for domestic energy consumption may prevent further forest degradation. A stock dependent optimal control model of fuelwood harvest from a natural forest is presented here and comparative statics has been used to show that the presence of a fuelwood substitute will reduce its harvest and increase the forest stock. The model indicates that availability of cheaper and high energy content alternative for fuelwood can substantially reduce fuelwood extraction from a forest. Also, a lower discount rate and higher cultural and spiritual values (CSV) will keep the optimal forest stock close to its carrying capacity and reduce fuelwood harvest. The model reveals that the maximum sustainable yield of forest stock and the ratio of energy content per unit mass of fuel play a central role in the fate of forest stock and level of fuelwood harvest. Empirical example of the Southeast Asian forest growth model along with Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) as substitute has been used to illustrate the results. The outcomes of this study can incorporated into forest conservation polices.
Built Environment and Semen Quality in Korean Men with a History of Infertility: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Choe Seung-Ah , Kim Seulgi , Im Changmin , Kim Sun-Young , Wellenius Gregory , Kim You Shin , Yoon Tae Ki , Kim Dae Keun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: There is growing interest in the potential impact of the physical environment on human fertility. This study aimed to explore the association between built environment and semen parameters among men who sought fertility evaluation . Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 5,886 men living in the Seoul Capital Area whose semen was tested at a single fertility center during 2016–2018. Environmental exposures evaluated were distance to fresh water (river and lake), the coast, major roadways, and neighborhood greenness measured by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Outcome indicators were semen volume, sperm concentration, percentage of progressive motility, vitality, normal morphology, and total motile sperm count. We used linear regression to model standardized values of six semen quality indicators.Results: Majority of the study population (mean age 39 years) were white-collar workers, clerks, and service workers. None of the mean values of semen quality indicators showed linear trends across quartiles of built environment components. Linear associations between built environment features and semen quality indicators were not evident except for NDVI within 500 m and sperm vitality (β = 0.05 per 0.1-increase; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01, 0.09). The 2nd quartile of distance to fresh water was associated with lower progressive motility compared to the 1st quartile (β = −0.10; 95% CI: −0.17, −0.03). Proportion of vitality was higher among men in the 2nd quartile of distance to roadways than those in the 1st quartile (0.08; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.15). Men in the 2nd quartile of NDVI showed higher total motile sperm count than those in the 1st quartile (0.09; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.17). In multi-exposure model, the positive association between NDVI and vitality remained (0.03, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.06). Conclusions: This study contributes potential evidence regarding the impact of built environment on male fertility ; specifically, a positive association between residential greenness and percentage of sperm vitality among Korean men with a history of infertility .
Nodular Fasciitis Presenting with Life-Threatening tracheal obstruction in a child
Authors: Shieba Yusuf , Khairy Mahmoud , Dosoky Mahmoud I. El , Elzouk Mohamed 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Nodular fasciitis (NF) is a rare non-neoplastic inflammatory tumor and usually presents as a painless, rapidly growing subcutaneous soft tissue mass. The head and neck are relatively common locations for nodular fasciitis, particularly in children. NF in the trachea is a rare and may be a fatal condition, especially with it’s rapidly growing nature that could cause life-threatening tracheal obstruction. We report the case of a child with NF in the trachea with nearly total tracheal obstruction. Bronchoscopy and biopsy were proved the diagnosis, and the bronchoscopic excision of the whole tumor was performed.
COVID-19 Pandemic in Thailand: Implementing Containment Measures and Their Ethical Challenges
Authors: Sornklin Hongsuda , Kerdsomboon Thitiwan , Yuthavong Yongyuth , Palittapongarnpim Prasit , Hongladarom Soraj , Poovorawan Yong , Nakornthab Don , Wattanasirichaigoon Somkiat , Auewarakul Prasert , Plipat Tanarak , Phoomirat Rattanapan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Containment measures have been implemented in Thailand after the country was hit by the Covid-19 pandemic. The top priority is to save people’s lives. Unavoidably, serious consequences that affected the people’s income, privacy, needs, equality, and equity emerged, presenting new challenges. In order to begin to investigate these complex ethical questions, the Office of Research Integrity of National Science and Technology Development Agency organized a meeting in order to bring together key experts in various fields related to the Covid-19 pandemic to discuss what was going on in Thailand and how to manage it properly. Three key ethical settings, each of which caused significant effects, were discussed in the meeting, namely public health, medical services, and research and clinical trial settings. Many key ethical issues were revealed during the meeting, as well as how best to address and manage them properly.
Impacts of a New Supermarket on Dietary Behavior and the Local Foodscape in Kisumu, Kenya: Protocol for a Mixed Methods, Natural Experimental Study
Authors: Foley Louise , Francis Oliver , Musuva Rosemary , Mogo Ebele RI , Turner-Moss Eleanor , Wadende Pamela , Were Vincent , Obonyo Charles 
Published: October 2020

Background
Access to healthy food is considered a key determinant of dietary behavior, and there is mixed evidence that living near a supermarket is associated with a healthier diet. In Africa, supermarkets may contribute to the nutrition transition by offering both healthy and unhealthy foods and by replacing traditional food sellers. In Kisumu, Kenya, a planned hypermarket (ie, a supermarket combined with a department store) will form the basis for a natural experimental evaluation.

Objective
The aim of this study is to explore the impacts of a new hypermarket on food shopping practices, dietary behaviors, physical activity patterns, and body composition among local residents and to identify concurrent changes in the local foodscape. We also aim to explore how impacts and associations vary by socioeconomic status.

Methods
We employ a mixed methods, longitudinal study design. Two study areas were defined: the hypermarket intervention area (ie, Kisumu) and a comparison area with no hypermarket (ie, Homabay). The study is comprised of 4 pieces of primary data collection: a quantitative household survey with local residents, a qualitative study consisting of focus group discussions with local residents and semistructured interviews with government and private sector stakeholders, an audit of the local foodscape using on-the-ground data collection, and an intercept survey of shoppers in the hypermarket. Assessments will be undertaken at baseline and approximately 1 year after the hypermarket opens.

Results
Baseline assessments were conducted from March 2019 to June 2019. From a total sampling frame of 400 households, we recruited 376 of these households, giving an overall response rate of 94.0%. The household survey was completed by 516 individuals within these households. Across the two study areas, 8 focus groups and 44 stakeholder interviews were conducted, and 1920 food outlets were geocoded.

Conclusions
This study aims to further the understanding of the relationship between food retail and dietary behaviors in Kenya. Baseline assessments for the study have been completed.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/17814