Abstract A053: Watchful Living: A pilot lifestyle intervention for African American and Hispanic prostate cancer patients on active surveillance and their partners
Authors: Cho Dalnim , Basen-Engquist Karen , Simpson Richard , Ma Hilary , Pettaway Curtis , Li Yisheng , Canfield Steven , Carmack Cindy , Davis John , Jones Jeffrey , McNeill Lorna H. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in both African American and Hispanic men. Prostate cancer mortality rate is 2.4 times higher among African American men than that among non-Hispanic white men. Further, Hispanic prostate cancer patients report poorer quality of life than their non-Hispanic white counterparts. Active surveillance is a safe treatment option for low-risk prostate cancer patients in which patients' conditions are actively monitored, and preliminary studies have shown that lifestyle interventions have a promise to reduce disease progression and improve quality of life for active surveillance patients. However, none have specifically targeted African American or Hispanic men. Also, none have included partners, who are the main source of support for prostate cancer patients.
Objective: This ongoing study seeks to pilot test a lifestyle intervention, Watchful Living, for African American and Hispanic men on active surveillance and their partners. The primary aim is to determine the feasibility of recruiting and implementing Watchful Living. Secondary aims are to: 1) evaluate the preliminary efficacy of the intervention in improving diet, physical activity, quality of life, and inflammation and 2) conduct a process evaluation of the intervention.
Methods: We will adapt an existing, evidence-based intervention. Our intervention adaptation process is based on the Intervention Mapping Adapt and typology of adaptation, which were specifically developed for racial/ethnic minorities. First, we will conduct a needs assessment (in-depth interview) with prostate cancer patients and their partners. Participants will be asked about their physical activity and eating behaviors, impacts of cancer, determinants of lifestyle behavior changes, social support for lifestyle behaviors from partners, and their interests in lifestyle behaviors program. All feedback will be used to revise existing intervention materials and components before implementation, to ensure that the intervention is responsive to dyads' needs and culturally relevant. Second, we will conduct an RCT in which 30 dyads will be assigned to intervention group and 10 dyads will be assigned to control group. Intervention group will receive biweekly telephone coaching calls and two nutrition counseling sessions over 6 months. Participants will be assessed at baseline, month 3, and month 6, and blood will also be collected at month 3 and 6. Finally, we will conduct a process evaluation to examine thoughts about strengths, weaknesses, and needed improvements; perceptions about outcomes and impact; and overall reactions to and satisfaction with the intervention.
Results: This is an ongoing study and results are not yet available.
Discussion: Recruiting minority prostate cancer patients and their partners is challenging and requires extensive planning and collaboration. Building teamwork with multiple hospitals and multidisciplinary teams probably may be a key to succeed.
Citation Format: Dalnim Cho, Karen Basen-Engquist, Richard Simpson, Hilary Ma, Curtis Pettaway, Yisheng Li, Steven Canfield, Cindy Carmack, John Davis, Jeffrey Jones, Lorna H. McNeill. Watchful Living: A pilot lifestyle intervention for African American and Hispanic prostate cancer patients on active surveillance and their partners [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A053.