bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computer science students' perceived needs for support and their academic performance by gender and residency
Authors: Menekse Muhsin , Zheng Xintong , Anwar Saira 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis study investigates computer science (CS) students' perceived needs for support in an array of academic and nonacademic areas prior to entering college and relates these findings to their subsequent performance in the core CS curriculum. This study specifically explored how students' perceived needs vary by gender and residency and how these perceived needs relate to students' academic performance in CS courses.Design/methodology/approachData included survey responses and academic performance measures from 718 CS students. Approximately 14 percent of the participants were female students, and 86 percent were male students. Also, 24 percent of students were international, 46 percent out-of-state, and 30 percent were in-state students. To address research questions, multiple regressions and analysis of covariance were conducted. For all analyses, students' ACT scores were used as covariates.FindingsResults show significant main effects for both gender and residency, but interaction is not significant. Female students, on average, selected more perceived needs compared to male students. Also, international students selected more needs compared to domestic students. Also, the number of perceived needs for different categories is unique across students of different residency and gender. Results also indicate that the perceived need for assistance with STEM content is associated with lower CS academic performance. In contrast, perceived needs for professional skills and support services are not related to CS performance. Finally, students' ACT score is a good predictor of their academic performance.Originality/valueThis study provides important contributions to higher education and CS education literature. This is the first study with CS students focusing on their perceived needs. Also, this study includes an almost complete data set (94.6 percent survey completion rate) from CS students.
A collection and its many relations and contexts
Authors: Carbone Kathy 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report the results of an ethnographic study that used object biography with an archival collection of police surveillance files, the Police Historical/Archival Investigative Files, housed at the City of Portland Archives & Records Center in Portland, Oregon.Design/methodology/approachDocument analysis, participant observation, semistructured interviews, and object biography were conducted over four years, from 2013 to 2017.FindingsUsing object biography with the Police Historical/Archival Investigative Files uncovered numerous personal and public relationships that developed between people and this collection over several decades as well as how these records acquired, constructed, and changed meanings over time and space.Originality/valueThis paper argues that the biography of objects is a useful way for studying the relationships records form, the values people assign to them, and how people and records mutually inform and transform one another in shifting contexts of social lives. Recognizing records as having social histories and applying object biography to them contributes to and grows the greater biography and genealogy of the record and the archive—a genealogy important not only for discovering something about the lives of those who create, encounter, steward, and use records and archives but about our shared human experience.
Credit risk in Islamic banking: evidence from the GCC
Authors: Chamberlain Trevor , Hidayat Sutan , Khokhar Abdul Rahman 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the differences in the credit profiles of Islamic and conventional banks in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region and attempts to identify the factors responsible for those differences.

Design/methodology/approach
Financial data sourced from the Bankscope database for a sample of 25 Islamic and 56 conventional banks headquartered in the GCC region between 1987 and 2014 are used. The credit risk of Islamic versus conventional banks is compared using a variety of univariate (mean difference test and correlation analysis) and multivariate tests (pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions with robust standard errors and year fixed effects, regressions with interaction variables and logistic regressions).

Findings
Pooled OLS regressions find that Islamic banks have lower credit risk than conventional banks. Robustness checks using logistic functions and interaction variables confirm this result. Using multiple econometric specifications, we also find that higher capitalization, greater liquidity and cost inefficiency contribute to the lower risk profile of Islamic banks.

Research limitations/implications
The study is unable to disaggregate data for banks offering both Islamic and conventional banking services and hence does not include conventional banks with Islamic windows. In addition, there are differences across countries even within the GCC region as to what is considered Sharia’h-compliant and what is not.

Practical implications
The results are of potential interest to not only researchers, but also market participants, regulators and legislators. The methods used in this study could be extended to other two-tiered banking systems and, in the case of Islamic and conventional banking, to other markets.

Originality/value
The authors use a unique sample of banks headquartered in the GCC countries, whose banking markets are similar, if not homogeneous, thus excluding operations of multinational banks. By focusing on the Gulf region, differences in the credit profiles of Islamic and conventional banks can be examined without the confounding effects of unobserved factors like culture, accounting regime or regulatory environment.
Towards a general hybrid theory in wicked problem structuring part 2: the relational agency paradigm
Authors: Yolles Maurice 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis paper has two parts. The purpose of part 1 explains the need for an adaptive paradigm that can efficaciously respond to the complex issues in wicked problems and the fundamentals that this requires were identified. It involved the formulation of a cross-disciplinary relational methodologically plural paradigm with certain properties. The purpose in this Part 2 is to provide a theoretical framework. It adopts autonomous agency theory in which paradigm holders collectively act as “living system” agencies and deliver “living stories” to create coherence in addressing wicked problem issues, and then adopts hybrid structures to address this need.Design/methodology/approachThe approach seeks to address wicked problem issues. Wicked problems do not respect academic disciplines, requiring a cross-disciplinary approach. Autonomous agency theory is adopted capable of structuring cross-disciplinary inquiry processes and formulating a hybrid inquiry paradigm. The paper sets up a narrative that delivers a structured essay resulting in a general theory of hybrid inquiry. This paradigm is explored in detail, considering how it can be applied to wicked problems.FindingsThe paradigm, which traditionally defines a field of study conceptualises and regulates approaches that enable inquiry into behavioural systems. Mono-disciplinary, they are not suitable for the resolution of issues that arise from cross-disciplinary wicked problems. To resolve this, a relational paradigm has been defined within which sits a cross-disciplinary hybrid inquiry system. A general theory of hybrid inquiry has been offered, with an appropriate illustration in ecosystem management. It is shown that agency theory can successfully embrace a relational paradigm.Research limitations/implicationsTo determine the limitations of this theory, there is a need to provide exemplars, which is currently premature. Another outcome is to centre on modes of practice in hybrid inquiry but there is insufficient space for this here.Originality/valueThis paper makes an original contribution by formulating a structured approach on the creation of a relational paradigm capable of supporting hybrid inquiry. It also adopts cross-disciplinary theory to make its case for a relational paradigm, recognising that wicked problems are cross-disciplinary. As part of the regulatory process it connects Rittel’s issue-based information system (IBIS) schema intended to resolve wicked problems issues and the Johari Window and explains how they would relate. A means is suggested for determining the degree of undecidability of wicked problems issues and hence that of the models that inquiry produces. This uses formative characteristics that define a modelling space. The paper also adopts Husserl’s concept or lifeworld, which acts as a channel for complex narrative theory through which regulative processes are enabled.
Kidney-transplant patients receiving living- or dead-donor organs have similar psychological outcomes (findings from thePI-KTstudy)
Authors: Müller Helge H.O. , Lücke Caroline , Englbrecht Matthias , Wiesener Michael S. , Siller Teresa , Eckardt Kai Uwe , Kornhuber Johannes , Maler J. Manuel 
Published: February 2020

PurposeKidney transplantation (KT) is the treatment of choice for end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is well known to improve the clinical outcome of patients. However, the impact of KT on comorbid psychological symptoms, particularly depression and anxiety, is less clear, and recipients of living-donor (LD) organs may have a different psychological outcome from recipients of dead-donor (DD) organs.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 152 patients were included and analyzed using a cross-sectional design. Of these patients, 25 were pre-KT, 13 were post-KT with a LD transplant and 114 were post-KT with a DD transplant. The patients were tested for a variety of psychometric outcomes using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (assessing physical and mental health-related quality of life), the Resilience Scale, the Coping Self-Questionnaire and the Social Support Questionnaire.FindingsThe mean age of the patients was 51.25 years and 40 per cent of the patients were female. As expected, the post-KT patients had significantly better scores on the physical component of the Short Form Health Survey than the pre-KT patients, and there were no significant differences between the two post-KT groups. There were no significant differences among the groups in any of the other psychometric outcome parameters tested, including anxiety, depression and the mental component of health-related quality of life.Research limitations/implicationsKT and the origin of the donor organ do not appear to have a significant impact on the psychological well-being of transplant patients with CKD. Although the diagnosis and early treatment of psychological symptoms, such as depression and anxiety, remain important for these patients, decisions regarding KT, including the mode of transplantation, should not be fundamentally influenced by concerns about psychological impairments at the population level.Originality/valueCKD is a serious condition involving profound impairment of the physical and psychological well-being of patients. KT is considered the treatment of choice for most of these patients. KT has notable advantages over dialysis with regard to the long-term physical functioning of the renal and cardiovascular system and increases the life expectancy of patients. However, the data on the improvement of psychological impairments after KT are less conclusive.
Understanding critical demographic variables affecting patient safety culture from nurses' viewpoints
Authors: Chi Chih-Yi , Huang Chih-Hsuan , Lee Yii-Ching , Wu Cheng-Feng , Wu Hsin-Hung 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify critical demographic variables that would significant influence each dimension of patient safety culture. Understanding nurses' attitudes toward patient safety is important for healthcare organizations to relentlessly improve medical quality and services for patients.Design/methodology/approachThe internal survey data sets in 2015 and 2016 from nurses' viewpoints are used. Linear regression with forward selection is applied where nine demographic variables are the input variables, while each dimension of the Chinese version of safety attitudes questionnaire (SAQ) is the dependent variable.FindingsSupervisor/manager is the most essential demographic variable that has significant impacts on six dimensions. Experience in organization is the other critical demographic variable.Practical implicationsNurses who are in charge of supervisors/managers are more satisfied in six of eight dimensions. Nurses who have much experience in an organization tend to have less satisfaction in three dimensions. Therefore, hospital management should enhance the leader's effectiveness in engaging their subordinates' commitment.Originality/valueThe results enable the hospital management to pay much attention to two major demographic variables, namely supervisor/manager and experience in organization, in order to improve the patient safety culture based on the Chinese version of SAQ in this hospital. Moreover, supervisor/manager is a more critical demographic variable for nurses due to larger absolute values of standardized coefficients by linear regression with forward selection.
Lipidomics reveals the dynamics of lipid profile altered by omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in healthy people
Authors: Yan Meng , Cai Wen‐Bin , Hua Tong , Cheng Qian , Ai Ding , Jiang Hong‐Feng , Zhang Xu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGlycerophospholipids (GPs) and sphingolipids (SPs) are important lipid components in the body and play biological functions. Omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 PUFAs) are important nutrients, and their supplements are commonly used for preventing some diseases. However, the effect of n‐3 PUFAs on the human glycerophospholipidome and sphingolipidome is unclear. We used targeted lipidomics to study the GP and SP profile of healthy individuals after supplementation with n‐3 PUFAs for 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. Fuzzy c‐means clustering was used to cluster the lipid species into six classes reflecting different changed‐content patterns after n‐3 PUFA supplementation. Among the species with significantly changed content, lysophospholipids were the most sensitive; their content started to increase on day 3. The content of phosphatidylserines increased at a later stage. The content of most of the phosphatidylcholines and alkylphosphatidylcholines decreased on day 21. A correlation network analysis of lipid species suggested that some enzymes involved in the metabolism of lysophospholipids and phosphatidylserines were regulated by n‐3 PUFAs. Levels of creatine kinase‐MB (CK‐MB), urea, glucose, triglycerides and total bilirubin were altered by n‐3 PUFA at 21 days. Correlation analysis revealed that the level of CK‐MB was negatively correlated with those of species in lysophosphatidic acid, lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine classes, which were increased by n‐3 PUFA supplementation. With the analysis in this work, we demonstrated the regular pattern of n‐3 PUFAs on GP and SP metabolism, which provides a pharmacological basis for n‐3 PUFAs for clinical application.
Differentiation strategies of soil rare and abundant microbial taxa in response to changing climatic regimes
Authors: Liang Yuting , Xiao Xian , Nuccio Erin E. , Yuan Mengting , Zhang Na , Xue Kai , Cohan Frederick M. , Zhou Jizhong , Sun Bo 
Published: February 2020

SummaryDespite the important roles of soil microbes, especially the most diverse rare taxa in maintaining community diversity and multifunctionality, how different climate regimes alter the stability and functions of the rare microbial biosphere remains unknown. We reciprocally transplanted field soils across a latitudinal gradient to simulate climate change and sampled the soils annually after harvesting the maize over the following 6 years (from 2005 to 2011). By sequencing microbial 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicons, we found that changing climate regimes significantly altered the composition and dynamics of soil microbial communities. A continuous succession of the rare and abundant communities was observed. Rare microbial communities were more stable under changing climatic regimes, with lower variations in temporal dynamics, and higher stability and constancy of diversity. More nitrogen cycling genes were detected in the rare members than in the abundant members, including amoA, napA, nifH, nirK, nirS, norB and nrfA. Random forest analysis and receiver operating characteristics analysis showed that rare taxa may act as potential contributors to maize yield under changing climatics. The study indicates that the taxonomically and functionally diverse rare biosphere has the potential to increase functional redundancy and enhance the ability of soil communities to counteract environmental disturbances. With ongoing global climate change, exploring the succession process and functional changes of rare taxa may be important in elucidating the ecosystem stability and multifunctionality that are mediated by microbial communities.
How Should Business Profit Be Taxed? Some Thoughts on Conceptual Developments During the Lifetime of the IFS*
Authors: Devereux Michael P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper reviews developments since the 1970s in economic thinking about the design of taxes on business profit. It charts developments from proposals for a cash flow tax from the Meade Committee, to refinements of this in the form of an ‘Allowance for Corporate Equity’ and the levying of the cash flow tax in the country of destination. It describes how the development of international trade and investment has led to ever‐increasing problems in the international tax system with respect to economic efficiency, profit shifting, complexity and tax competition. It also identifies why a response to these problems requires a major reform in the location of taxation.
Biological and molecular evidence for the transmission of aster yellows phytoplasma to French marigold (Tagetes patula) by the flatid planthopper Metcalfa pruinosa
Authors: Mergenthaler Emese , Fodor József , Kiss Emese , Bodnár Dominika , Kiss Balázs , Viczián Orsolya 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAster yellows (AY) phytoplasmas (Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris) are associated with a number of plant diseases throughout the world. Several insect vectors are responsible for spreading AY diseases resulting in wide distribution and low host specificity. Because the role of sucking insects as vectors of phytoplasmas is widely documented, and the citrus flatid planthopper Metcalfa pruinosa is a phloem feeder, it has been incriminated as a possible vector of phytoplasmas. However, its ability to transfer phytoplasma has not been confirmed. The present work shows that M. pruinosa (Hemiptera: Flatidae), a polyphagous planthopper, is able to vector Ca. P. asteris to French marigold (Tagetes patula). Transmission experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018 in central Hungary by two approaches: (a) AY‐infected M. pruinosa were collected from an area with severe incidence of the disease on T. patula and caged on test plants for an inoculation‐access period of 2 weeks, and (b) presumably phytoplasma‐free insects were collected from apparently healthy grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) and fed on AY‐infected T. patula plants for 2 weeks prior to being caged on test plants. AY disease symptoms developed on 4 out of 10 and 10 out of 15 test plants, respectively. All phytoplasma‐positive marigold and M. pruinosa samples showed identical RFLP patterns and shared 100% 16S rDNA sequence identity with each other and with the aster yellows phytoplasma strain AJ33 (GenBank accession number MK992774). These results indicated that the phytoplasma belonged to the phytoplasma subgroup 16SrI‐B Ca. P. asteris. Therefore, the work presented here provides experimental evidence that M. pruinosa is a vector of a 16SrI‐B subgroup phytoplasma to T. patula.
Sexual dimorphism in the nutritional requirement for adult lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Wu Qi , Yu Guixiang , Cheng Xingyi , Gao Yue , Fan Xiaolan , Yang Deying , Xie Meng , Wang Tao , Piper Matthew D. W. , Yang Mingyao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe nutritional requirements of Drosophila have mostly been studied for development and reproduction, but the minimal requirements for adult male and female flies for lifespan have not been established. Following development on a complete diet, we find substantial sex difference in the basic nutritional requirement of adult flies for full length of life. Relative to females, males require less of each nutrient, and for some nutrients that are essential for development, adult males have no requirement at all for lifespan. The most extreme (and surprising) sex differences were that chronic cholesterol and vitamin deficiencies had no effect on the lifespan of adult males, but they greatly decreased lifespan in females. Female oogenesis rather than chromosomal karyotype and mating status is the key cause of this gender difference in life‐sustaining nutritional requirements. These data are important to the way we understand the mechanisms by which diet modifies lifespan.
Drivers of participation in collective arrangements in the agri‐food supply chain. Evidence from Italy using a transaction costs economics perspective
Authors: Ciliberti Stefano , Frascarelli Angelo , Martino Gaetano 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe analysis of institutions in the agro‐food sector is gaining momentum since it represents a complex and relevant area of study as concerns intermediate‐product markets. Traditionally there has been a problem of organization among farmers mainly due to the reluctance to pool decisional and property rights on input and/or output. Following the Transaction Costs Economics framework, the paper aims to investigate which are the main drivers of the collective forms of organization in the Italian agro‐food system, paying particular attention to transaction costs’ attributes and to the increasing role played by the institutional environment as well. The choice to join a cooperative or producer organization is therefore conceptualized as a governance structure choice. In this regard, based on the Italian version of the Farm Accountancy Data Network, econometric models are estimated in order to account for the two organizational alternatives under investigation.