bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of HIV Infection Among Foreign Applicant to Residency in Shanghai, China, 2005-2016
Authors: Qin Jia , Xia Jing , Zhu Peiqin , Zhou Ru 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Shanghai is an international city which has high proportion of entry travelers from all over the world. The HIV infection status of this population can reflect the global trend of HIV prevalence. Thus, a retrospective epidemic investigation was conducted to clarify the prevalence and characteristics of HIV infection among entry travelers who apply to residency in Shanghai. Methods: Totally 50830 entry travelers who applied to residency in Shanghai（2005-2016）were included. The HIV infection rate was confirmed based on the detection of HIV-1 antibody. Results: Among all the recruited entry travelers, 245 persons were determined HIV positive with infection rate of 0.48%. The detection rate of HIV in male was significantly higher than that in female (χ2=62.584, P<0.0001). Those aged 18-30 years, 31-40 years and >40years accounted for 34.3%, 39.6% and 26.1% of the infected population. There was no increase in trend of HIV prevalence rates among the sampling years (Cochran-Armitage Z=2.543, P=0.111). Proportions of individuals infected through homosexual transmission increased over the study period (Cochran-Armitage Z=5.41, P<0.001), while the proportion infected through heterosexual declined over time (Cochran-Armitage Z=3.38, P =0.001). Conclusion: The characteristics of HIV infection among foreign applicant to residency in Shanghai were clarified. The results would provide the necessary epidemiological data for monitoring the HIV epidemic among entry international travelers and contribute to the establishment of relevant policies and regulations for HIV control and prevention.
A Survey on Mental Health Impact Caused by COVID-19 Pandemic in Italian Pediatric Healthcare Workers.
Authors: Filippo Paola Di , Attanasi Marina , Dodi Giulia , Porreca Annamaria , Raso Massimiliano , Pillo Sabrina Di , Chiarelli Francesco 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Few studies investigated COVID-19 pandemic psychological effects on pediatric healthcare staff. The aim of this study was to evaluate sleep quality and psychological effects of pediatric healthcare workers during COVID-19 epidemic in Italy and to evaluate potential differences between Primary and Secondary Care operators. Methods: Pediatric healthcare workers were involved in an online survey aimed to characterize responders and to define their clinical expertise in the management of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients during pandemic. Using validated scores, the online questionnaire assessed sleep quality, stress and anxiety level, self-efficacy and social support in pediatric healthcare workers. Results: During COVID-19 outbreak, 67.43% of our population were suffering sleep disturbance, and we found a positive correlation between sleep disturbances with stress and anxiety. Furthermore, 19.42% of subjects were suffering anxiety and 53% were at risk of developing an acute stress disorder. Stress resulted inversely correlated with self-efficacy and social support.Secondary care operators were more affected than family pediatricians by sleep disturbances, stress but especially by anxiety. Social support was considerably higher in secondary care operators compared to family pediatricians.Conclusions: Despite the less exposure and the less infection probability, much of pediatric healthcare workers were suffered sleep disturbance, anxiety and potential stress disorder. In the Pediatric Units, these psychological effects could be related to other factors compared to frontline departments, such as the early confused situation, the difficulties in workplaces managing and in finding personal protective equipment, as well as the subsequent sense of helplessness and frustration.
LncRNA IMFlnc1 Promotes Porcine Intramuscular Adipocyte Adipogenesis by Sponging Mir-199a-5p to Up-regulate CAV-1
Authors: Wang Jing , Chen Mingyue , Chen Junfeng , Ren Qiaoling , Zhang Jiaqing , Cao Hai , Xing Baosong , Pan Chuanying 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Local Chinese local pig breeds have thinner muscle fiber and higher intramuscular-fat (IMF) content. But its regulation mechanism has not been discussed in-depth. Studies indicated that long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important role in muscle and fat development.Results: The lncRNAs expressional differences in the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle were identified between Huainan pigs (local Chinese pigs, fat-type, HN) and Large White pigs (lean-type, LW) at 38, 58, and 78 days post conception (dpc). In total, 2131 novel lncRNAs were identified in 18 samples, and 291, 305, and 683 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) were found between these two breeds at three stages, respectively. GO and KEGG analysis of the DEL co expressed mRNAs showed that muscle development and energy metabolism were more active at 58 dpc in HN, but at 78 dpc in LW pigs. Muscle cell differentiation and myofibril assembly might associated with earlier myogenesis and primary-muscle-fiber assembly in HN, and cell proliferation, insulin, and the MAPK pathway might contribute to longer proliferation in LW pigs. The PI3K/Akt and cAMP pathways were associated with higher IMF deposition in HN. IMFlnc1 was selected for functional verification, and results indicated that it regulated the expressional level of caveolin-1 (CAV-1) by acting as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sponge miR-199a-5p.Conclusions: Our data contributed to understanding lncRNAs in porcine-muscle development and IMF deposition, and provided valuable information for improving pig-meat quality.
WITHDRAWN: Investigating the Cooperation Status Between the Health System and City Councils and Municipalities in Iran (Documents’ Analysis)
Authors: Khodadadi Najmeh , Khesal Aidin Aryan , Maleki Mohamad Reza 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The present study is aimed at investigating the cooperation status between the health system and city councils and municipalities in Iran based on rules and documents.Methods: Altheide’s document analysis model (sample selection, data collection, data organization, data analysis, and reporting) was employed in order to prepare and analyze the documents pertaining to the cooperation level between the health system and municipalities and Islamic city councils. The documents were classified at three levels including the national rules, policies, and guidelines; Ministry of Health (MOH) and city council approvals; and eventually Tehran Municipality’s measures.Results: Overall, 78 documents were analyzed including 17 documents at the level of national rules, policies and guidelines; 8 documents at the level of Ministry of Health and city council approvals; and 53 documents at the level of Municipality’s measures.Conclusion: There are adequate legal capacities for designing, planning, executing, as well as creating interaction and cooperation between health system and city councils and municipalities. Moreover, the motive behind creating a purposeful and scheduled cooperation and participation is evident among the officials of health system and city councils and municipalities. Some mechanisms have been established for cross-sectoral cooperation between the health system and other health-related bodies on a cross-sectional basis, but these structures lack the necessary competence, appropriateness and adequacy to create the desired partnership, and especially sufficient attention to existing capacities in municipalities and The city council has not. Accordingly, it is necessary to have a fundamental review on the available structures and enough attention has to be paid to the evident and hidden legal capacities in city councils, and municipalities, as well as Ministry of Health to design an appropriate structure and create competent interaction and also provide more cooperation between the two organizations.
Effect of SGLT-2 Inhibitors on Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Patients With Heart Failure and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Lu Yuan , Yang Yu , Fan Yong , Li Chenzong , Zhang Min , Duan Yang , Chen Lei , Xi Jue , Chen Minglong , Wang Zhirong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) are significantly effective in reducing cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the magnitude of the effect of SGLT-2i on cardiovascular outcomes in established heart failure (HF) patients with T2DM remains undefined.
Methods

We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central and Web of Science databases for articles published prior to 09 April 2020 to identify randomized controlled trials that compared SGLT-2i with placebo in patients with heart failure concomitant with T2DM. Efficacy outcomes included the composite of cardiovascular death (CVD) or hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), individual CVD, individual HHF, and all-cause mortality (ACM). Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were pooled across trials by using the generic inverse variance method. Sensitivity analyses were conducted by excluding specific studies or using risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs as measures of the effect size. Serious adverse events served as safety outcomes.
Results

A total of 5 large trials comprising 6945 patients with HF and T2DM were enrolled. Pooled data demonstrated that SGLT-2i significantly reduced the risk for the primary composite outcome of CVD or HHF by 13% (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83–0.91, I2: 0%, P < 0.00001) in patients with HF concomitant with T2DM. Similarly, the use of SGLT-2i was associated with a statistically significant 14% reduction in HHF (pooled HR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.81–0.91, I2: 0%, P < 0.00001) and a 10% reduction in ACM (pooled HR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.86–0.96, I2: 16%, P < 0.0005) but was not significantly associated with a reduction in CVD (HR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.81–1.02, I2: 60%, P = 0.11). Sensitivity analyses indicted consistent results. Compared with placebo plus standard care, the SGLT-2i group had a lower proportion of serious adverse events (weighted proportions: 44.3% vs 50.3%; RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.82–0.95, I2: 22%, p = 0∙006).
Conclusions

SGLT-2i significantly reduced the risk of HHF and ACM in a broad range of HF patients concomitant with T2DM. Compared with standard care, SGLT-2i plus standard therapy was associated with a reduction in serious adverse events.
Serum Lactate: Creatinine Ratio as a Prognostic Marker for Liver Failure Patients Treated by artificial liver support systems
Authors: Sun Shuilin , Chen Ling , Zhou Guanlin , Guo Lili , Cai Yunquan , Yang Wenlong , xie baogang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: To screen potential serum prognostic markers for patients with liver failure treated by artificial liver support systems (ALSSs).Methods: Serum samples were obtained from 57 liver-failure patients before and after ALSSs therapy and analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The diagnostic values were evaluated by calculation of the area under a receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Two retrospective analyses were further employed.Results: Metabonomics analysis showed that ratios of creatine:creatinine, taurine:creatinine, and lactate:creatinine were significantly altered and restored to normal levels after ALSSs treatment. The ratio of lactate:creatinine showed the highest AUROC value (0.650), which was higher than that of the prothrombin time activity (PTA, 0.562). A total of 105 cases of retrospective analysis showed that serum lactate:creatinine ratios among the liver-failure patients were 0.038 ± 0.002 (survival group, n=48), 0.048 ± 0.005 (three-month death group, n=24), and 0.052 ± 0.005 (one-month death group, n=33), which was significantly negatively correlated with survival (r= - 0.26). Another retrospective cohort analysis (n=81) of the early to middle stage liver-failure patients treated by ALSSs showed that the AUROC of the lactate:creatinine ratio for diagnosis of those who survived for one subsequent month was 0.827, which was higher than that of PTA (0.628) and lactate (0.765).Conclusion: The serum lactate:creatinine ratio may be a more sensitive measure than either the PTA or the lactate to evaluate the prognosis of ALSSs treatment in early to middle stage of liver-failure patients. This finding is worthy of further study in clinical applications.
Identification and validation of glycolysis-related signatures for prognosis in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Ming , Xing Mengying , Ma Yunfei , Yao Bing , Chen Xiang , Ma Changyan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Emerging evidence has demonstrated roles of glycolysis in the tumorigenesis and progression of human tumors. However, their underlying clinical implications have not been well elucidated in breast cancer. In present study, we aimed to generate a risk-score from glycolysis-related signatures to predict prognosis of patients with breast cancer. Methods: We acquired mRNAs expression and clinical datasets in patients with breast cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), then identifying glycolysis-related mRNAs by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), followed by construction of prognostic risk-score. The altered expression of glycolysis-related mRNAs was identified as candidates for further investigation. We constructed a risk-score from the prognostic glycolysis-related mRNAs by Cox regression. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) and clinical subgroups analysis were performed to evaluate the values of risk-score to predict prognosis of breast cancer. Besides, we also compared the expression patterns of the signatures in breast cancer tissues and cell lines.Results: Total of 1208 cases were obtained, including 112 normal tissues and 1096 tumor tissues. We found 4 glycolysis-related pathways significantly involved in breast cancer. And 298 mRNAs involved in the 4 pathways were defined as glycolysis-related mRNAs; of these, 241 dysregulated mRNAs were candidates for further exploration. Then we constructed a risk-score from the 5 candidates (IL13RA1, PGK1, SDC3, NUP43 and SDC1). The area under the curve (AUC) for the risk-score to predict prognosis was 0.729. Patients with high-risk score had poor prognosis among overall or clinical subgroups ( P <0.05). And IL13RA1, PGK1, NUP43 and SDC1 were up-regulated in tumor tissues and cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and BT474) as compared to normal tissues and cell line (MCF-10A), while SDC3 was down-regulated.Conclusions: We construct a risk-score based on 5 glycolysis-related signatures, which can well predict prognosis in breast cancer. Additionally, our findings further unveil the molecular mechanisms of glycolysis in cancer, providing promising directions for the prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers for breast cancer.
Ontogenetic plasticity in cranial morphology is associated with a functional change in the food processing behavior in Alpine newts
Authors: Schwarz Daniel , Konow Nicolai , Porro Laura Beatriz , Heiss Egon 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Salamander morphology changes substantially during metamorphosis, prompting the hypothesis that larvae need a different processing mechanism than post-metamorphic adults. Salamandrid newts with facultative metamorphosis are suitable for testing this hypothesis, because paedomorphic and metamorphic adults often coexist in the same population. Facultative paedomorphic newts provide a direct comparison of form-function relationships with specimens of the same species sharing similar body size and feeding on overlapping prey spectra, whilst having divergent food-processing morphologies.Methods: We use high-speed videography to quantify the in vivo movements of key anatomical elements during food processing in paedomorphic and metamorphic Alpine newts ( Ichthyosaura alpestris ). Additionally, we use micro-computed tomography (μCT) to analyze morphological differences in the feeding apparatus of paedomorphic and metamorphic Alpine newts and sort them into late-larval, mid-metamorphic and post-metamorphic morphotypes.Results: Paedomorphic and metamorphic individuals exhibited clear morphological differences of their feeding apparatus. Regardless of the paedomorphic state being externally evident, different paedomorphic specimens can conceal different morphotypes (i.e., late-larval and mid-metamorphic morphotypes). Though feeding on the same prey under the same (aquatic) condition, food processing kinematics differed between late-larval, mid-metamorphic and post-metamorphic morphotypes.Conclusions: While the Alpine Newt still lives in water, food processing mechanism changes along with morphology of the feeding apparatus during ontogeny, from a mandible-based to a tongue-based processing mechanism as the mandible’s changing morphology prevents chewing and the tongue allows enhanced protraction. These results could indicate that early tetrapods, in analogy to salamanders, may have developed new feeding mechanisms in their aquatic environment and that these functional innovations may have later paved the way for terrestrial feeding mechanisms.
Ex vivo Inducing Apoptotic Mesenchymal Stem Cell by High Hydrostatic Pressure
Authors: Le Tien Minh , Morimoto Naoki , Ly Nhung Thi My , Mitsui Toshihito , Notodihardjo Sharon Claudia , Kakudo Natsuko , Kusumoto Kenji 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Apoptosis was reported to take crucial role in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-mediated immunomodulation, in which apoptotic MSCs were shown to be superior compared to living MSCs. Furthermore, extracellular vesicles (Evs) derived from MSCs were revealed more specific advantages for patient safety such as lower propensity to trigger innate and adaptive immune responses. As a safety and simple operation, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), a physical technique that uses only fluid pressure to inactivate cells or tissues, has been developed and applied in a lot of field of biosciences, including biotechnology, biomaterials, or tissue engineering. Methods: MSCs isolated from human bone marrow were suspended cultured in appropriate medium and subjected to pressurization at 50 MPa for 36 h. Then cells were collected and investigated apoptotic pathway by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), phosphatidylserine membrane translocations, cleaved caspase-3/7 and terminal deoxy-nucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Besides, viability assays and live cell imaging were also used for assessement of cell survival after pressurization. Results: We found that HHP at 50 MPa for ≥36 h completely induced MSC death by Live/Dead assay, live cell imaging and WST-8 assay up to 7 days after pressurization. The large amount of apoptotic MSCs death was found based on morphological changes in TEM, phosphatidylserine exposure, caspase activation and detection of DNA fragmentations via TUNEL staining. Conclusions: In the current study, our data revealed that HHP treatment was convenient processing which safety and effectively induced MSCs undergo apoptosis. Especially, by capable of manufacture expanding, this technique might provide numbers of manipulated products using for industrial cell-based therapies.
The association between serum triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and sarcopenia in community adults: positive or negative?
Authors: Wang Na , Chen Mengjun , Fang Danhong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The serum triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(TG/HDL) ratio has been identified to be positively correlated with a higher risk of sarcopenia in elderly Korean males in previous study. In this study, we aimed to discover the association between TG/HDL ratio and sarcopenia in Chinese community adults, including males and females.
Methods
Individuals, who participated in medical examinations at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from May 2016 to August 2017 with the age older than 18 years, were enrolled in the study. We applied univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses to weigh the effects of TG/HDL ratio on the status of sarcopenia. Besides, we further identified the association by subgroup analysis.
Results
The occurrence of sarcopenia significantly decreased with the TG/HDL ratio increased. The odds ratio(OR) of TG/HDL ratio(high vs. low) for sarcopenia was 0.408(95%CI: 0.323–0.516) by univariable analysis and 0.631 by multivariable analysis(95%CI: 0.494–0.806) respectively. Additionally, the effect of TG/HDL ratio on sarcopenia was favorable(HR < 1.0) across a majority of prespecified subgroups, except age ≥ 65 and overweight population.
Conclusions
TG/HDL ratio was negatively correlated with prevalence of sarcopenia in Chinese community adults, especially in individuals with the age < 65 years old and the BMI < 25 kg/m2.
Immunologic Improvement of Vaccine for Newcastle Disease via Co-Inoculation of Cattle Transfer Factor in Broilers
Authors: Guo Hongrui , Li Xinyang , Li Xiaodan , Jiang Xinyue , Lai Weiming , Wang Kaiyu , Geng Yi , Ouyang Ping , He Ran , Tang Huaqiao , Xie Yue , Yang Guangyou , Gu Xiaobin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Transfer factors (TFs), a novel immunostimulatory reagent, have found use as auxiliary or primary therapy for many diseases. The aim of this study was to explore whether TFs are able to strengthen immune responses of Newcastle Disease (ND) vaccines in broilers.Results: The serum antioxidant status was increased in TF-treatment broilers. TF subcutaneous injection could significantly increase (P < 0.5) the antibody titers at 14 and 21 days of the experiment. Moreover, TF treatment increased development of organs of the immune system, such as spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius through inhibition of apoptosis and promotion of proliferation. Cellular immune responses were found to have higher levels in the groups with TF co-inoculation compared to those groups only treated with the ND vaccine, showing phenomena of higher expressions of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interferon (IFN)-γ mRNA in the thymus, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius. Moreover, the immunostimulatory effect of TF subcutaneous injection treatment is better than oral and intramuscular injection.Conclusion: our findings suggest that TF treatment can improve antioxidant status and strengthen immune responses to ND vaccine, including antibody production and cellular immunity (lymphocytes proliferation and cytokines production) of the broilers, and the subcutaneous injection of TF is the appropriate inoculation way. Thus, TFs are a potent adjuvant and can serve as a medicine for immunoregulation.