bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developmental exposure of California mice to endocrine disrupting chemicals and potential effects on the microbiome-gut-brain axis at adulthood
Authors: Kaur Sarabjit , Sarma Saurav J. , Marshall Brittney L. , Liu Yang , Kinkade Jessica A. , Bellamy Madison M. , Mao Jiude , Helferich William G. , Schenk A. Katrin , Bivens Nathan J. , Lei Zhentian , Sumner Lloyd W. , Bowden John A. , Koelmel Jeremy P. , Joshi Trupti , Rosenfeld Cheryl S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractXenoestrogens are chemicals found in plant products, such as genistein (GEN), and in industrial chemicals, e.g., bisphenol A (BPA), present in plastics and other products that are prevalent in the environment. Early exposure to such endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) may affect brain development by directly disrupting neural programming and/or through the microbiome-gut-brain axis. To test this hypothesis, California mice (Peromyscus californicus) offspring were exposed through the maternal diet to GEN (250 mg/kg feed weight) or BPA (5 mg/kg feed weight, low dose- LD or 50 mg/kg, upper dose-UD), and dams were placed on these diets two weeks prior to breeding, throughout gestation, and lactation. Various behaviors, gut microbiota, and fecal metabolome were assessed at 90 days of age. The LD but not UD of BPA exposure resulted in individuals spending more time engaging in repetitive behaviors. GEN exposed individuals were more likely to exhibit such behaviors and showed socio-communicative disturbances. BPA and GEN exposed females had increased number of metabolites involved in carbohydrate metabolism and synthesis. Males exposed to BPA or GEN showed alterations in lysine degradation and phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism. Current findings indicate cause for concern that developmental exposure to BPA or GEN might affect the microbiome-gut-brain axis.
Neural mechanisms of deception in a social context: an fMRI replication study
Authors: Zheltyakova Maya , Kireev Maxim , Korotkov Alexander , Medvedev Svyatoslav 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDeception is a form of manipulation aimed at misleading another person by conveying false or truthful messages. Manipulative truthful statements could be considered as sophisticated deception and elicit an increased cognitive load. However, only one fMRI study reported its neural correlates. To provide independent evidence for sophisticated deception, we carried out an fMRI study replicating the experimental paradigm and Bayesian statistical approach utilized in that study. During the experiment, participants played a game against an opponent by sending deliberate deceptive or honest messages. Compared to truth-telling, deceptive intentions, regardless of how they were fulfilled, were associated with increased BOLD signals in the bilateral temporoparietal junction (TPJ), left precuneus, and right superior temporal sulcus (STS). The right TPJ participates in the attribution of mental states, acting in a social context, and moral behaviour. Moreover, the other revealed brain areas have been considered nodes in the theory of mind brain neural system. Therefore, the obtained results reflect an increased demand for socio‑cognitive processes associated with deceptive intentions. We replicated the original study showing the involvement of the right TPJ and expanded upon it by revealing the involvement of the left TPJ, left precuneus and right STS in actions with deceptive intentions.
Proper regulation of inositolphosphorylceramide levels is required for acquirement of low pH resistance in budding yeast
Authors: Otsu Mikiko , Toume Moeko , Yamaguchi Yutaro , Tani Motohiro 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAll organisms have stress response systems to protect themselves from various environmental stresses, and regulation of membrane lipids is thought to play an important role in acquirement of stress tolerance. Complex sphingolipids in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are classified into three types based on differences in the structure of the polar head group, and the compositions and quantities of complex sphingolipids in biomembranes are tightly regulated. In this study, we found that the accumulation of inositol phosphorylceramides (IPCs) due to a defect of mannosylinositol phosphorylceramide biosynthesis (sur1∆ csh1∆), i.e., disruption of the balance of the composition of complex sphingolipids, causes hypersensitivity to low pH conditions (pH 4.0–2.5). Furthermore, screening of suppressor mutations that confer low pH resistance to sur1∆ csh1∆ cells revealed that a change in ergosterol homeostasis at plasma membranes can rescue the hypersensitivity, suggesting the functional relationship between complex sphingolipids and ergosterol under low pH conditions. Under low pH conditions, wild-type yeast cells exhibited decreases in IPC levels, and forced enhancement of the biosynthesis of IPCs causes low pH hypersensitivity. Thus, it was suggested that the accumulation of IPCs is detrimental to yeast under low pH conditions, and downregulation of IPC levels is one of the adaptation mechanisms for low pH conditions.
Experimental study on the movement of heavy metal Zn in paddy soil under different irrigation quota of reclaimed water
Authors: Tuo Yunfei , Yang Cuiping , Shen Fangyuan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo reveal the mechanism of heavy metal Zn migration in the irrigated paddy field reclaimed water, this study investigated irrigation quota of 75, 150, 225 and 300 m3/hm2 for three consecutive years. The results showed that with the same irrigation quota, firstly the content of Zn, its variation and the rate of change in soil increased, and hereafter decreased with the increase of soil depth, and finally become stable of reclaimed water. Study results identified that when the irrigation quota was 75, 150, 225 and 300 m3/hm2, the average content of Zn in the soil reached the maximum with the value of 9.60, 12.10, 16.75 and 18.50 mg/kg respectively at the depth of 30 cm. The average content of Zn in soil found maximum values of 13.51, 16.01, 19.02 and 20.98 mg/kg, respectively on the 120th day of cultivation. This study also identified that the content of Zn, its variation and the rate of change increased with the increase of irrigation quota at the same soil depth. Additionally, when the soil depth or plant growth time was the same, the content of Zn, its variation and the rate of change increased with the increase of irrigation quota. However, at the soil depth of 30 cm, the content of Zn in the irrigation quota of 75, 150 and 225 m3/hm2 decreased by 48.11%, 34.59% and 9.46%. The fertility time of 120 days also decreased by 35.71%, 23.81% and 9.52% respectively compared to an irrigation quota of 300 m3/hm2. All the findings are explored by a nonlinear regression under different situations and timing. The mean value of the standard error between the statistical and measured value is found insignificant. However, the correlation coefficient is found greater than 0.9400 and statistically significant. Thus, the findings by nonlinear regression reflected the migration law of soil Zn duly with soil depth and plant growth time in the rice field. This study provided theoretical support for the comprehensive treatment and ecological restoration of heavy metals to the farmland soil in China.
Activity of vitamin D receptor agonists against dengue virus
Authors: Jaratsittisin Janejira , Xu Bin , Sornjai Wannapa , Weng Zhibing , Kuadkitkan Atichat , Li Feng , Zhou Guo-Chun , Smith Duncan R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInfections with the mosquito-transmitted dengue virus (DENV) are a pressing public health problem in many parts of the world. The recently released commercial vaccine for DENV has encountered some problems, and there is still no effective drug to treat infections. Vitamin D has a well characterized role in calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, but additionally has a role in the immune response to bacterial and viral pathogens. In this study a number of fused bicyclic derivatives of 1H-pyrrolo[1,2]imidazol-1-one with vitamin D receptor (VDR) agonist activity were evaluated for possible anti-DENV activity. The results showed that five of the compounds were able to significantly inhibit DENV infection. The most effective compound, ZD-3, had an EC50 value of 7.47 μM and a selective index of 52.75. The compounds were only effective when used as a post-infection treatment and treatment significantly reduced levels of infection, virus output, DENV protein expression and genome copy number. These results suggest that these VDR agonists have the potential for future development as effective anti-DENV agents.
Novel candidate drugs in anti-tumor necrosis factor refractory Crohn’s diseases: in silico study for drug repositioning
Authors: Kwak Min Seob , Lee Hun Hee , Cha Jae Myung , Shin Hyun Phil , Jeon Jung Won , Yoon Jin Young 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBiologicals like anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy for Crohn’s disease (CD) are safe and effective but there is a significant rate of primary and secondary nonresponse in the patients. In this study, we applied a computational approach to discover novel drug therapies for anti-TNF refractory CD in silico. We use a transcriptome dataset (GSE100833) for the anti-TNF refractory CD patients from NCBI GEO. After co-expression analysis, we specifically investigated the extent of protein–protein interactions among genes in clusters based on a protein–protein interaction database, STRING. Pathway analysis was performed using the clEnrich function based on KEGG gene sets. Co-expressed genes in cluster 1, 2, 3, 4, up or down-regulated genes and all differentially expressed genes are highly connected. Among them, cluster 1, which is highly enriched for chemokine signaling, also showed enrichment for cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction and identifies several drugs including cyclosporin with known efficacy in CD. Vorinostat, histone deacetylase inhibitors, and piperlongumine, which is known to have inhibitory effect on activity of NF-κB, were also identified. Some alkaloids were also selected as potential therapeutic drugs. These finding suggest that they might serve as a novel therapeutic option for anti-TNF refractory CD and support the use of public molecular data and computational approaches to discover novel therapeutic options for CD.
Genetic diversity and population structure of the rockpool shrimp Palaemon elegans based on microsatellites: evidence for a cryptic species and differentiation across the Atlantic–Mediterranean transition
Authors: González-Castellano Inés , González-López Jorge , González-Tizón Ana M. , Martínez-Lage Andrés 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe rockpool shrimp Palaemon elegans is an ecologically important crustacean species within the European coastline fauna. In the present study, genetic diversity and population structure and connectivity were assessed by examining 21 polymorphic microsatellite loci at 13 sampling sites located along the natural distribution range. All localities showed similar levels of genetic variability. Significant deficits of heterozygosity were recorded, most likely due to the presence of null alleles. Genetic structure analyses revealed two clearly genetically distinct groups within P. elegans but without following any geographical or oceanographic basis. Thus, our results provided nuclear evidence for the existence of a Mediterranean cryptic species within P. elegans, highlighting the need to revise its taxonomic status. Regarding P. elegans sensu stricto, population structuring was reported across the Atlantic–Mediterranean transition area, where the Almería-Orán Front restricts the gene flow between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean population. Moreover, while population connectivity was suggested between all Mediterranean localities, some substructure was found within the Atlantic group. Canary Islands exhibited a weak but significant genetic differentiation from all Atlantic mainland localities, consistent with the isolation-by-distance pattern detected throughout the Atlantic population. Overall, all these findings provided new insights into the population biology of P. elegans complex.
Myopia induces meridional growth asymmetry of the retina: a pilot study using wide-field swept-source OCT
Authors: Breher Katharina , Ohlendorf Arne , Wahl Siegfried 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMyopic axial eye growth has mechanical implications on ocular structures, such as the retinal and foveal shape integrity or choroidal thickness. The current study investigated myopia-related changes of retinal radius of curvature, foveal width, depth, slope and choroidal thickness. Wide-field swept-source OCT line and volume scans were performed on 40 young adult participants in horizontal and vertical directions. OCT scans were corrected for their scan display distortions before automated extraction of retinal and foveal shape parameters. All findings were correlated to refractive error and axial length. The horizontal retinal radius of curvature and the directional ratio between horizontal and vertical retinal shape correlated significantly with axial length ($$\rho =+0.53, p<0.001$$

ρ
=
+
0.53
,
p
<
0.001

and $$\rho =+0.35, p<0.05$$

ρ
=
+
0.35
,
p
<
0.05

). Vertical retinal shape and foveal pit parameters neither showed any significant correlations with axial length nor refractive error (all $$p>$$

p
>

0.05). Choroidal thickness correlated significantly with refractive error in all analyzed regions ($$\rho +0.39\,\mathrm{to}\,+0.52$$

ρ
+
0.39

to

+
0.52

), but less with axial length ($$\rho -0.18$$

ρ
-
0.18

to − 0.37). Horizontal retinal shape and choroidal thickness, but not foveal pit morphology, were altered by myopic eye growth. Asymmetries in horizontal versus vertical retinal shape with increasing myopia were detected. These parameters could act as promising biomarkers for myopia and its associated complications.
Ultrasonic atomizer based development of pH sensor for real time analysis
Authors: Pandey Gaurav , Choudhary Sandeep , Chaudhari Rashmi , Joshi Abhijeet 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFluorescent pH biosensors have gained importance owing to their low cost utilization in real time monitoring of biological and food samples in comparison to conventional pH meters. The research reports a novel method of ultrasonic atomization for developing a fluorescent pH sensor for real-time analysis made of Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran/FITC-dextran-Tris (2, 2′-bipyridyl) dichlororuthenium (II) hexahydrate as indicator and reference fluorophores, respectively. The process of ultrasonic atomization ensures formation of monodisperse dye immobilized alginate microspheres ensuring efficient pH sensing. The developed biosensor was tested on milk samples, which has a short life span and shows a significant fall in pH with time due to microbial spoilage. The proposed biosensor showed a linear range of pH 4–8 (R2 between 0.96–0.99 for different single/dual fluorophore biosensors) which suitably cover the pH of milk during the entire storage period and spoilage. The % recovery for predicted pH falls between 90–110% compared against standard pH meter, indicating a good accuracy of estimation and low turnaround time (10 min). Thus, real-time monitoring using fluorescent pH biosensor for milk samples may profoundly improve the economics of losses occurring in processing and storage with capability of in-package continuous quality assessment.
Uterine fibroids may play a protecting role against endometrial carcinoma in Chinese women with gynecological diseases
Authors: Qiao Li , Xia Lili , Dong Yan , Cheng Yajuan , Cao Hongbao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: It has been reported that uterine fibroids (UFs) may increase the risk of endometrial carcinoma (EC) with the underlying mechanism largely unknown. Here, we explore whether UF could be an influential factor for EC.
Methods: We have collected and analyzed clinical data from 4537 Chinese patients to study the co-incidence of UF and EC. Then, a large-scale literature-based data mining was conducted to identify genes implicated as UF downstream regulating targets and EC upstream regulators. In addition, a meta-analysis has been conducted for each of the EC-specific genes, using six independent UF expression datasets. The meta-analysis results, together with literature-based pathway analysis, were used to explore the potential explanation of the clinical data.
Results: Our results showed that the incidence rate of EC in the case of UF was 50.53% lower than without UF, which suggested a protective role of UF in EC patients. The meta-analysis identified three significantly overexpressed genes (HTRA3, HOPX, and PCNA) in the case of UF, which were implicated as EC inhibitors in the pathway analysis. Multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis showed that, compared with UF, aging might be a stronger influential factor for EC.
Conclusion: Among women with gynecological diseases, UFs may play a protecting role against EC in the Chinese population.
Expectations on mass determination using astrometric microlensing by Gaia
Authors: Klüter J. , Bastian U. , Wambsganss J. 
Published: July 2020

Context. Astrometric gravitational microlensing can be used to determine the mass of a single star (the lens) with an accuracy of a few percent. To do so, precise measurements of the angular separations between lens and background star with an accuracy below 1 milli − arcsec at different epochs are needed. Therefore only the most accurate instruments can be used. However, since the timescale is on the order of months to years, the astrometric deflection might be detected by Gaia, even though each star is only observed on a low cadence.
Aims. We want to show how accurately Gaia can determine the mass of the lensing star.
Methods. Using conservative assumptions based on the results of the second Gaia data release (Gaia DR2), we simulated the individual Gaia measurements for 501 predicted astrometric microlensing events during the Gaia era (2014.5–2026.5). For this purpose we used the astrometric parameters of Gaia DR2, as well as an approximative mass based on the absolute G magnitude. By fitting the motion of the lens and source simultaneously, we then reconstructed the 11 parameters of the lensing event. For lenses passing by multiple background sources, we also fitted the motion of all background sources and the lens simultaneously. Using a Monte-Carlo simulation we determined the achievable precision of the mass determination.
Results. We find that Gaia can detect the astrometric deflection for 114 events. Furthermore, for 13 events Gaia can determine the mass of the lens with a precision better than 15% and for 13 + 21 = 34 events with a precision of 30% or better.
Zusammenfassende Darstellung der wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen der
Richtlinie der Bundesärztekammer zur Durchführung der
substitutionsgestützten Behandlung
Opioidabhängiger
Authors: Kunstmann Wilfried , Specka Michael , Wodarz Norbert , Scherbaum Norbert 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Mit § 5 Abs. 12 BtMVV wurde die
Bundesärztekammer beauftragt, in einer Richtlinie den allgemein
anerkannten Stand der Erkenntnisse der medizinischen Wissenschaft zur
Substitutionsbehandlung Opioidabhängiger festzustellen.
Methode Für die initiale Fassung der Richtlinie der
Bundesärztekammer (BÄK) von 2002 war eine umfangreiche
wissenschaftliche Literaturrecherche durchgeführt und deren
Ergebnisse nach Evidenzklassen kategorisiert worden. Für die
nachfolgenden Überarbeitungen 2010 und 2017 wurden neuere
systematische Übersichtsarbeiten und Studien der Evidenzklassen
I–III ergänzt und mit internationalen Leitlinien zur
Substitutionsbehandlung abgeglichen.
Ergebnisse Mit einer Substitutionsbehandlung können
verschiedene gesundheitliche, suchtbezogene sowie psychische und soziale
Ziele verfolgt werden. Die Mortalitätsrate wird durch die Behandlung
reduziert, und bei 70 bis 80 % der Behandelten lässt sich
durch die Substitution der meist hochriskante Konsum illegal erworbener
Opioide weitgehend eindämmen. Durch eine psychosoziale Begleitung
kann der Behandlungserfolg verbessert werden, weshalb sie regelhaft
empfohlen werden soll. Für die Frage, wann bei welchen Patienten
für welchen Zeitraum eine Take-home-Verordnung gerechtfertigt ist,
fehlt es an wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Richtlinie der Bundesärztekammer wurde
mit ihrer Novellierung 2017 auf der Grundlage des aktuellen Standes der
Wissenschaft zur Substitutionsbehandlung überarbeitet. Damit wird
für die behandelnden Ärztinnen und Ärzte mehr
Rechtssicherheit geschaffen, und die Behandlung kann an dem bestehenden
wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisstand ausgerichtet werden. Es muss nun
evaluiert werden, ob dies auch positive Auswirkungen auf die
Versorgungssituation Opioidabhängiger hat und mehr Ärztinnen
und Ärzte sich an der Versorgung beteiligen.
Die Bedeutung qualitativ hochwertiger Entlassbriefe: Eine empirische
Untersuchung
Authors: Piepenhagen Gerlinde , Röhrig Bernd , Eirund Wolfgang , Roth-Sackenheim Christa , Steffens Markus 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Der Entlassbrief ist Teil des Entlassmanagements. Er
informiert nachfolgend Behandelnde sowie Institutionen und unterstützt
die nahtlose Weiterbehandlung der Patienten. Vorliegende Studie untersucht
empirisch die Qualität von Entlassbriefen nach dem Aufenthalt in einer
psychiatrischen/psychosomatischen Klinik anhand einer selbst
entwickelten Kodierliste. Vorschläge zur Erstellung und Strukturierung
qualitativ hochwertiger Entlassbriefe werden gemacht.
Methode Bewertet wurden 50 Entlassbriefe anhand verschiedener Aspekte aus
der sozialpsychiatrischen bzw. sozialmedizinischen Begutachtung von jeweils 2
Ratern; bei Unstimmigkeiten in der Bewertung beider Rater wurde im Konsens
entschieden.
Ergebnisse Die Zeit von der Entlassung aus dem Krankenhaus bis zur
Fertigstellung des Entlassbriefs betrug im Mittel 22,4 Tage (Median: 15,0 Tage).
In 18% der Fälle lag der Entlassbrief zum Entlassungszeitpunkt
vor und in 14% innerhalb einer Woche. In 24% lag der
Entlassbrief erst nach 28 Tagen und länger vor. Die Medikation war in
97,5% der Fälle vollständig aufgeführt, zur
medizinischen Weiterbehandlung beim Facharzt fehlten jedoch in 50% die
Angaben. Bei der Empfehlung einer Weiterbehandlung (N=10, bspw.
Tagesklinik oder PIA), wurde diese lediglich in 3 Fällen eingeleitet. 28
Patienten hatten zum Aufnahmezeitpunkt ein Arbeitsverhältnis, bei 11
Personen fehlten die Angaben. Angaben zur Arbeitsfähigkeit zum
Aufnahmezeitpunkt waren in 44% vollständig und in 20%
unvollständig. Zum Entlassungszeitpunkt waren 7 Patienten
arbeitsfähig, 19 arbeitsunfähig und in 24 Entlassbriefen fehlte
die Angabe.
Schlussfolgerung Ein qualitativ hochwertiger Entlassbrief enthält
klare Formulierungen, ist strukturiert aufgebaut, enthält
ausschließlich relevante Informationen sowie ein eigenes Kapitel
„Therapieempfehlungen/Empfehlungen für das weitere
Vorgehen“. Elektronische Entlassbriefe mit automatisierter Einbeziehung
von Untersuchungsbefunden/Assessments sparen Zeit und Kosten bei der
Erstellung und beim Lesen.