bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Course of Lactate, pH and Base Excess for Prediction of Mortality in Medical Intensive Care Patients - A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Schork Anja , Moll Kathrin , Haap Michael , Riessen Reimer , Wagner Robert 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: We aimed to evaluate the value of lactate, base excess and pH for prediction of mortality in the course of the disease of medical intensive care patients. Methods: For lactate, pH and base excess, values at the admission to intensive care unit (ICU), at 24 ± 4 hours, maximum / minimum in the first 24 hours and in 24 – 48 hours after admission were collected from all patients admitted to the Medical ICU of the University Hospital Tübingen between January 2016 until December 2018 and investigated for prediction of in-hospital-mortality.Results: Mortality in the cohort of 4067 patients was 22 % and significantly correlated with all evaluated parameters. Strongest predictors of mortality determined by ROC were maximum lactate in 24 h (AUROC 0.74, cut off 2.7 mmol/L, hazard ratio of risk group with value > cut off 2.27) and minimum pH in 24 h (AUROC 0.71, cut off 7.43, hazard ratio for risk group 2.94). Kaplan Meier Curves stratified across these cut offs showed early and clear separation. Hazard ratios per standard deviation were highest for maximum lactate in 24 h (HR 1.65), minimum base excess in 24 h (HR 1.56) and minimum pH in 24 h (HR 0.75). In multiple logistic regression analysis, age, minimum pH in 24 h, pH at 24 h after admission, maximum lactate in 24 h, maximum lactate in 24 – 48 h, minimum base excess in 24 h and minimum base excess in 24 – 48 h were independent predictors of mortality. Conclusions: Lactate, pH and base excess were all suitable predictors of mortality in internal ICU patients, with maximum / minimum values in 24 and 24-48 h after admission altogether stronger predictors than values at admission. Base excess and pH were not superior to lactate for prediction of mortality.
From positive to negative: a time to event analysis in Regione Lombardia.
Authors: Castillo Gabriele Del , Castrofino Ambra , Grosso Francesca , Marano Giuseppe , Boracchi Patrizia , Castaldi Silvana , Biganzoli Elia , Cereda Danilo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives. To assess the time span from positive to negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection by RT-PCR, and to evaluate the reliability of the test-based criteria as the required condition for the reintroduction of the asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 positive patient in the community. Methods. We used information concerning negativization and the respective times. Cumulative probabilities of negativization during the follow-up were evaluated by through Crude Cumulative Incidences (CCIs). Non-parametric estimates of CCIs and respective 95% C.I.s were obtained.Results. We report only the results for 52,186 individuals. 33486 subjects resulted negative or potentially negative with a CCI of 75.2% at 70 days from the first swab (95% CI: 74.8% to 75.7%). 11,000 subjects deceased before 14/05/2020 without diagnosis of negative status (CCI 21.9%; 95% CI: 21.5% to 22.3%) at 56 days from the first swab (maximum observed time to death).Conclusions. SARS-CoV-2 positivity is a condition that frequently lasts more than 30 days. Since isolation based only on positivity status could be excessive, more solid studies are required to determine a single internationally accepted policy regarding the dismission of quarantine and isolation.
SPEECH REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH ORAL CAVITY AND OROPHARYNGEAL CANCERS AFTER RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY
Authors: Krasavina E. A. , Choynzonov E. L. , Kulbakin D. E. , Balatskaya L. N. , Zangieva K. A. 
Published: October 2020

Oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers usually require extensive surgeries accompanied by damages to anatomical structures and impaired speech function. The use of reconstructive-plastic techniques to replace defects after surgical resection allows the creation of a favorable functional basis for speech restoration.The purpose of the studywas to compare the effectiveness and terms of speech restoration in patients with oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers after surgical treatment using various reconstructive surgery techniques to restore postoperative defects.Material and Methods. Speech rehabilitation results were analyzed in 56 patients with stage II–IV oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers. The age of the patients ranged from 26 to 70 years. The patients underwent either hemiglossectomy or glossectomy followed by reconstructive surgery. Postoperative speech rehabilitation was performed according to the technique developed in the Department of Head and Neck Tumors of the Cancer Research Institute. Speech function was assessed before starting treatment, at the beginning of treatment and after completion of speech rehabilitation.Results. After surgery, all patients demonstrated impaired speech function, ranging from distorted pronunciation to the complete absence of verbal communication for 5 (71.4%) and 4 (80%) patients from Ib and IIb respectively. Speech rehabilitation started 16 to 32 days after surgery. Restoration of the activity and coordination of the articulatory apparatus muscles, speech exhalation and reconstructed tongue was followed by a sound pronunciation. Postoperative speech rehabilitation allowed improvement of speech function in 100 % of cases (56 patients). A complete speech restoration was achieved for 7 patients (12.5%). The majority of these patients were from the group with hemiglossectomy. In the group of patients with glossectomy, the amplitude and coordination of movements, which could be achieved by performing articulation exercises for the reconstructed tongue, depended on the size of the remaining part of their own tissues.Conclusion. Good values of all studied parameters were observed in patients, who underwent hemiglossectomy followed by reconstruction with a free revascularized flap. No statistically significant differences between the studied parameters were found in patients, who underwent glossectomy. Speech restoration parameters were significantly better in the group of patients with hemiglossectomy and reconstruction with a free revascularized flap than in the group of patients with glossectomy).
INDIVIDUAL PROGNOSTIC ALGORITHM FOR ESTIMATING THE RISK OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER PROGRESSION AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT
Authors: Kit O. I. , Zlatnik E. Yu. , Bazaev A. L. , Demidova A. A. , Novikova I. A. 
Published: October 2020

The development of laboratory criteria for predicting esophageal cancer (EC) prognosis is of great importance due to the need to achieve personalized approach to cancer treatment. Since the role of lymphocytic infiltration in EC remains controversial, our goal was to develop a prognostic algorithm for estimating the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression, considering its lymphocytic microenvironment.Material and Methods. Tumor tissues were obtained from 40 EC patients during surgery; the tissues were homogenized, and lymphocyte subsets (Т-В-NK, T-reg) were determined by flow cytometry. A prognostic algorithm for calculating the risk of EC progression within 3 years was developed using discriminant analysis with the calculation of the three F functions: F0 , F6–12, F12–24, corresponding to the absence of the risk of EC progression during 3 years (F0 ); a high risk of EC progression during 6–12 months (F6–12); a high risk of EC progression during 12–24 months (F12–24) after surgery.Results. Only two factors showed the highest discriminant power, allowing us to consider the differences as statistically significant – CD3+CD4+ and T-reg cells in tumors. When dividing EC patients into groups based on the prediction of time to disease progression, coefficients were calculated and mathematical functions were determined for three discriminant functions (F0 , F6–12, F12–24) organized into a model. The F coefficient calculated for each patient allowed us to predict the risk of EC progression 6–12 and 12–24 months after surgery or the absence of disease progression within 3 years after surgery.Conclusions. The development of EC progression after surgery is apparently influenced by the lymphocytic microenvironment, predominantly by CD3+CD4+ and T-regs; their determination and inclusion in the prognostic algorithm can be important for personalized approach to the treatment of EC patients.
CHRONIC NEUROGENIC PAIN PROMOTES DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH OF M1 SARCOMA CHANGING LOCAL LEVELS OF GROWTH FACTORS
Authors: Frantsiyants E. M. , Bandovkina V. A. , Kaplieva I. V. , Trepitaki L. K. , Cheryarina N. D. , Neskubina I. V. 
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The influence of chronic neurogenic pain on local levels of growth factors in the lung and the risk of lung cancer development has been little studied.The purpose of the study was to analyze the levels of VEGF, TGF-β, IGF-I, IGF-II, FGF-21 and receptors of VEGFR2, TGF-βR2 in the lungs of white outbred rats with chronic neurogenic pain after intravenous injection of M1 sarcoma.Material and Methods. A total of 28 white outbred male rats weighing 200–250 g were divided into 4 groups: 1 – sham-operated animals (control group) (n=7); 2 – animals with chronic neurogenic pain (n=7); 3 – sham-operated animals with intravenous injection of M1 sarcoma (n=7); 4 – rats with intravenous injection of M1 sarcoma in presence of chronic neurogenic pain (n=7). Animals were decapitated, the lungs were harvested on ice; 10 % cytosolic fractions were prepared in 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.4 containing 0.1 % Tween-20 and 1 % BSA. Levels of VEGFR2, TGF-β and receptors of TGF-βR2, IGF-I, IGF-II (CUSABIO BIOTECH Co., Ltd., China) and FGF21 (BioVender, Czech Republic) were determined by ELISA. The data were statistically processed using Statistica 10.0 software.Results. Multifocal tumors of sarcoma in the lungs were determined only in the group of rats with chronic neurogenic pain after intravenous transplantation of M1 sarcoma. In the lungs of sham-operated animals, tumor foci were not detected after M1 sarcoma transplantation. Lung tissues with M1 growth and presence of chronic neurogenic pain demonstrated decreased VEGF-А levels with increased concentrations of TGFβ, IGF-I, IGF-II and FGF-21. Chronic neurogenic pain directly or indirectly influenced levels of some growth factors in the lung, and altered cell homeostasis making possible transplantation of M1 sarcoma into the lung.
Institute of Private Land in Cross-Border Zones of Southern Russia: Ethnic Aspect
Authors: Sadovoy A. N. 
Published: October 2020

The paper presents intermediate results of a comparative analysis of land reforms conducted on the cusps of XIX– XX and XX–XXI centuries. It focuses on their medium- and long-term impact on the native territories of Russia’s southern frontier. The article describes the correlation of state and ethnic interests in land management and formation of the private land institute. The research owes its relevance to the problems of the system of regional ethnological monitoring, as well as that of the effect of the national and agricultural state policy on the scientific forecasting of the changes in the ethno-social situation. The corruption-based principle of social stratification was initially incorporated in the mechanism of land market formation proposed by the state. In ethnic regions, the reorganization of land ownership triggered a secondary process of ethnic stratification. As a result, allocated shares concentrated in the hands of ethnic nobility families, thus shaping a social stratum during the Soviet period. The research was a pilot study of the natural resource management systems used by ethnic and migrant communities in the southern frontier and social policy of the late XIX – early XXI centuries. The author concludes that the Russian government retained levers of direct influence on the processes of: a) administrative and territorial structure; b) settlement system and population structure, including ethnic; c) social strata of land owners; d) traditional land use systems and subsistence of rural enclave transformation. This trend made it possible to consider the history of Russian state land policy in the context of the general course of national policy, which is part of interdisciplinary research that unites history, ethnology, politics, sociology, and economics.
Description of Pictures by Russian-French Bilingual Children: Lexical and Grammatical Analysis
Authors: Boykova S. E. 
Published: October 2020

This paper provides an analysis of French and Russian discourse produced by different types of bilingual children. The respondents were asked to describe a set of pictures using Russian and French reflexive and reciprocal verbs, as well as their irreflexive analogues from the other language. The respondents were natural bilinguals that lived in France in Russian-French or Russian families. The research followed the long-existing tradition of bilingual discourse studies via picture description. The check set included twenty-two pictures that featured a cat performing different actions. The speech contained verbs that matched the predicted use, their synonyms, and even other verbal constructions, e.g. passive or infinitive verb forms. Furthermore, children used one-member sentences that consisted of nouns or adverbs. In all cases, the children demonstrated a more advanced level of the French language than that of Russian. This followed from several indicators: lack of Russian comments, amount of incorrect or non-standard comments, and constant switching to French. French interference appeared more pronounced. As for reflexive verbs, the number of errors was insignificant both in Russian and French discourse.
Dynamic risk assessment of drought disaster: a case study of Jiangxi Province, China
Authors: Ai Ping , Chen Binbin , Yuan Dingbo , Hong Min , Liu Hongwei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The dynamic risk assessment of drought is crucial in the transition from the crisis management model to the risk management model, which can reveal the evolution mechanism of drought disasters. Due to a lack of data and research perspectives, most current studies are still based on static risk assessment. This study proposes a conceptual model for the dynamic risk assessment of droughts based on the probability of their occurrence and potential impacts. The developed dynamic risk index considers the hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and capacity for drought mitigation. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method was used to determine the weight coefficient of each indicator in the model. The novelty of the proposed model lies in the integration of four elements of drought disasters with spatiotemporal characteristics. Jiangxi Province, which is frequently affected by drought, was selected as the study area to validate the proposed model. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model rapidly reflects the degree of drought disaster risk caused by drought events and the influencing factors at monthly and annual scales. Moreover, the datasets based on the influencing factors of drought disasters in different regions have a good commonality in the proposed model.
Effective removal of paracetamol in compound parabolic collectors and fixed bed reactors under natural sunlight
Authors: Chekir N. , Tassalit D. , Benhabiles O. , Sahraoui N. , Mellal M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Removal of persistent organic pollutants from water is quite challenging using biological treatment processes in waste water treatment plants. In order to improve the wastewater treatment quality for water reuse, many techniques are developed and the most commonly used is heterogeneous photocatalysis. This work studies the degradation of paracetamol (PAR), which is one of the most persistent pharmaceutical drugs in water, and widely used as an analgesic and antipyretic drug in Algeria. The paracetamol degradation has been carried out via heterogeneous photocatalysis, in a suspended solution of catalyst using a Compound Parabolic Collectors (CPC) reactor and in a fixed bed with immobilized catalyst under natural solar radiation. The degradation performance has been studied under various parameters such as substrate concentration and pH of solution. The degradation efficiency decreased when the initial paracetamol concentration increased from 2.5 mg/L to 20 mg/L. In addition, the selected reactors were found to be competent for the paracetamol degradation with an almost 98–99% removal of PAR. For the CPC reactor with suspended TiO2, the paracetamol elimination reached 98% after 300 min; however, for the ﬁxed-bed reactor, TiO2 immobilized on cellulose-based paper was utilized, which yielded an almost 99% reduction in the PAR concentration after 90 min only of solar irradiation.
Using the Lecturer’s Training Site with a Conscious Approach to Learning Russian as a Foreign Language
Authors: Marchuk S. V. 
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the research is to demonstrate the productivity of using the lecturer’s training web-site of Russian as a foreign language in the preparatory courses at the University. Lecturer’s training website is an effective means stipulated with principal of consciousness and activity of scholars under the guidance of a lecturer. Training web-site as informative and communicative instrument is able to combine didactic matter, learning techniques and methods for different forms of work organization: full-time, mixed and distance; also, didactic material means educational complexes, information and communication means, control and training. An important principle underlying the proposed teaching method is the refusal to use the methods of unconscious repetition.Materials and methods. To identify the ef fectiveness in application of lecturer’s training web-site various educational platforms were used having different target and national groups. The analysis of studies on mechanical repetitions of well-known physiologists, biologists, lecturers was carried out, which allowed us to come to the conclusion about the ineffectiveness of using techniques with unconscious repetitions in the educational process. Systematic use of lecturer’s web-site in educational process shows that most effective methods and techniques are audio-visual, textual exercises from simple to complex with further audio dubbing, audio method of teaching phonetics and literacy, “lively dialogue” as a new technique in teaching Russian for foreigners, vocabulary works and differentiated approach. Observation, comparison and matching methods were applied, which helped to identify the productivity of learning with the use of multimedia. To identify scientific novelty, an empirical method was used by introducing author’s personal educational web-site project www.russian-teacher.ru with a description of observations and summarizing the results.Results. It is noted that the offered website format is innovation in the field of teaching Russian for foreigners during preparatory course. It was proved with high positive result that the use of a lecturer’s personal training website with the possibility of feedback gives good results when teaching Russian as a foreign language in a short time at the nonlinguistic university during the period of distance learning, with a mixed form of education.Conclusion. Research using the site continues in different groups by nationality (it is possible that there are several linguistic ones), by the number (it is possible to train a group of up to 15 people), by the degree of preparation (possibly A1-B1). The site has a number of advantages: the ability to edit as needed, change the interface and generate content. The study shows how didactics is interconnected with physiology, and the lecturer’s competence includes creativity, which in modern informational conditions is considered through the use of multimedia the lecturer’s training personal website www. russian-teacher.ru.
THE AQUARES MODEL: DOES IT HAVE IMPACT ON IMPROVING PERSONAL AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY?
Authors: Susanto Ermawan , Sukoco Pamuji , Suharjana Suharjana 
Published: October 2020

Accidents in swimming pools which involve drowning are more likely to happen in Indonesia. Cases of accidents in swimming pools might indicate that there may be lack of responsibility among the swimmers. Therefore, there is a need to improve this condition. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the Aquares model developed from Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility (TPSR) theory, on the students’ responsibility in swimming lessons. This study used an experimental method with one group pretest-posttest design. The study population was students of grade four with a sample of 60 students taken through cluster random sampling. The Tool for Assessing Responsibility-Based Education (TARE) was the instrument used to measure personal and social responsibility. The paired sample t-test analysis showed that there is a significant impact of the Aquares model on the increase of the students’ personal and social responsibility. Aspect of the increased responsibility include: respect, participation, self-direction, caring, and role model. The Aquares model applied in this study provides a strong framework for creating a meaningful and responsible environment for learning.
Developing English reading and writing materials for Automotive Engineering program in vocational high school
Authors: Lestari Endang , Priyana Joko 
Published: October 2020

The aims of this study are: (1) to identify the needs of grade 11 students of Automotive Engineering Study Program in learning reading and writing, and (2) to develop appropriate English reading and writing learning materials. This is research and development that employed Jolly and Bolitho’s model (1998) with some adaptation. The procedure of the development consists of conducting needs analysis, designing the syllabus, developing learning materials, expert judgment, conducting field testing, and materials evaluation. The subject of the research were 64 grade XI students of TKR (Light Vehicle Engineering) at VHS 1 of Purworejo. The instruments used to collect the qualitative and quantitative data are questionnaires, interview guide, and observation sheet. The quantitative data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics, while the qualitative data were analyzed using Miles, Huberman, and Saldana’s data model (2014), namely data condensation, data display, and data conclusion. The needs analysis data indicate that in learning reading, the students want to learn simple instructions and vocabulary items relevant to the automotive field. They also want to learn to write letters and create simple reports that are relevant to automotive field. Regarding the theoretical validation, the appropriateness of learning materials is categorized “very good” according to the expert with the mean score of 3.48 (in the interval 3.28 £ x £ 4). The appropriateness of the learning materials is categorized “very good” according to the students, with the score of 3.54 (in the interval 3.28 £ x £ 4). In general, the developed learning materials are appropriate for grade 11 students of the Automotive Engineering Study Program of VHS 1 of Purworejo.