bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Watermarking in halftone image with maximal child node dependence coefficients in wavelet domain
Authors: Gong Hangyu , He Zifen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
To achieve high image quality, this paper proposes a novel approach but efficient algorithm for halftoning watermarking. Wavelet coefficients of edge details have strong relations, while the dependence of coefficients of texture is more weak. On the other hand, large wavelet coefficients contain the information of image brink. Considering the relationship of intra-scale and maximal coefficients, the boundary error measure is built. While the gray image turns to halftone image using proposed algorithm, binary watermark is embedded in the edge position. In order to enhance the ability to resist cropping and smearing attack, the watermark image is pre-treated with Arnold transformation processing. The proposed method is effective, because the halftone image is embedded as a watermark sequence during the halftone process. Experiment results show that this algorithm does not cause significant distortion of the image and is good resistance to cropping, daub, JPEG compression and noise attacks.
Evaluation of the experimental project performance assessment mode with the application of descriptive statistical analysis method
Authors: Liu Renbao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In order to solve the problem that currently, the performance assessment mode of most experimental projects only adopts the individual assessment while neglecting teamwork, puts forward the experimental project performance assessment mode based on team communication, which takes all the students participating in the project as a team, and divides the team into several groups according to project contents and tasks. Team members complete the project tasks jointly through team communication and group and individual quantitative scoring will be carried out according to the completion of tasks. After conducting the descriptive statistical analysis of an experimental project assessment performance of 223 students from 8 classes of 4 undergraduate majors in a university through Stata15.1, the results show that the results of the project assessment performance data all show a normal distribution by major, class, group and individual, the assessment results are ideal, and the assessment mode is feasible. The innovation is to use the Stata, and use the descriptive statistical analysis method to make an in-depth and careful statistical analysis of the experimental project performance assessment mode based on the team communication proposed. And the normality test is carried out to make an objective evaluation to the assessment results.
The design of micropower field data collector based on MSP430 microcontroller
Authors: Jiao Chun , Tang Ming 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Field data collectors are widely used in industrial control and information monitoring. According to the design requirements of micropower consumption and reliability, combined with MSP430 microcontroller, this paper expounds the design scheme of a new type of micropower field data collector, and discusses the overall design of the system and the implementation method of main functional units.
An improved SNIP denoising algorithm applied in EDXRF
Authors: Ge Liangquan , Li Hui , Tang Chuanfeng , Li Fei , Zhu Kai , Yang Jin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Based on the phenomenon of peak height reduction in existing denoising algorithms, this paper modifies the traditional SNIP algorithm, proposes an improved SNIP algorithm and applies it to EDXRF denoising. Two evaluation parameters RMSE and PCC are used to compare the improved SNIP algorithm with the traditional SNIP algorithm. The experimental results show that the improved SNIP algorithm has great advantages both in similarity and relevance, and the results of the improved SNIP algorithm are more consistent with the characteristics of the original data peak than the original SNIP algorithm, which is beneficial to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrum.
BP neural network study on the quality evaluation system of innovation and entrepreneurship education in local universities
Authors: Huang Wenfeng , Liu Bowen , He Xingjie , Zhou Yan , Ning Binbin , Wang Liang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
When the country vigorously advocates the goal of cultivating innovative and entrepreneurial engineering talents, the quality evaluation of innovation and entrepreneurship education has naturally become a part of the higher education system. However, there are few studies on the quality evaluation of innovation and entrepreneurship education in engineering majors in China. Firstly, through literature research, combined with the current development trend of quality evaluation of innovation and entrepreneurship education at home and abroad, BP neural network-based evaluation method was selected. Secondly, according to the three-element theory of education, namely, the three factors of educators, educators and education, and comprehensive research, the content of quality evaluation of innovation and entrepreneurship education in engineering majors in colleges and universities is determined, that is, from professional links, teaching links and students. Levels to build evaluation indicators. After establishing the evaluation index system, this paper uses Chengdu University of Technology as a research sample to issue questionnaires for engineering students in Chengdu University of Technology to obtain data for use, and to analyze and analyze the data by AHP, so as to obtain the weight of each indicator. Finally, based on the data collected by the questionnaire, the BP neural network data fitting and model training and optimization are carried out to determine the feasibility of the quality evaluation index of innovation and entrepreneurship education in engineering majors in colleges and universities, and to establish BP neural network evaluation model for engineering majors. The innovation and entrepreneurship education quality evaluation system provides new research methods and research ideas, enriches the connotation and breadth of the quality evaluation system of innovation and entrepreneurship education in engineering majors, and makes up for the shortcomings and vacancies in related fields.
A method for converting entropy to inclusion measure of interval type-2 fuzzy sets
Authors: Zheng Gao , Wang Jing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
As tools for dealing with universal fuzziness in human thinking, traditional fuzzy sets, namely type-1 fuzzy sets, are not able to directly model uncertainties about membership functions, however type-2 fuzzy sets can make up for this deficiency. Interval type-2 fuzzy sets, the simplified cases of general type-2 fuzzy sets, are practical because its membership functions and operations are greatly simplified. The inclusion measure and entropy of fuzzy sets are two important parameters with application prospects, the former describes the degree to which a fuzzy set is included in another, the latter shows the quantity of fuzzy information in a fuzzy set. It is important to make in-depth research on the two measures. In this paper, we mainly discuss the relationship of the inclusion measure and entropy of interval type-2 fuzzy sets proposed by Zheng et al., and present a theorem that converts the entropy to the inclusion measure of interval type-2 fuzzy sets. The conclusion provides the basis for further research.
Density-dependent quantized kernel least mean square with desired smoothing
Authors: Lin Qing , Huang Yulei , Li Yan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Kernel least mean square algorithm is a simple and effective adaptive algorithm, but it is constrained by its infinite network size. Many schemes have been proposed to reduce the size of the network, but the distribution of input data and the desire output are seldomly considered together. In this paper, we present a density correlation quantization scheme in input space and a method of smoothing the desired output by using the average value of the neighbourhood in output, and call it the DQKLMS-S algorithm. The good performance of DQKLMS-S is verified by experiments.
Using supply chain data to monitor zero deforestation commitments: an assessment of progress in the Brazilian soy sector
Authors: zu Ermgassen Erasmus K H J , Ayre Ben , Godar Javier , Bastos Lima Mairon G , Bauch Simone , Garrett Rachael , Green Jonathan , Lathuillière Michael J , Löfgren Pernilla , MacFarquhar Christina , Meyfroidt Patrick , Suavet Clément , West Chris , Gardner Toby 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Zero deforestation commitments (ZDCs) are voluntary initiatives where companies or countries pledge to eliminate deforestation from their supply chains. These commitments offer much promise for sustainable commodity production, but are undermined by a lack of transparency about their coverage and impacts. Here, using state-of-the-art supply chain data, we introduce an approach to evaluate the impact of ZDCs, linking traders and international markets to commodity-associated deforestation in the sub-national jurisdictions from which they source. We focus on the Brazilian soy sector, where we find that ZDC coverage is increasing, but under-represents the Cerrado biome where most soy-associated deforestation currently takes place. Though soy-associated deforestation declined in the Amazon after the introduction of the Soy Moratorium, we observe no change in the exposure of companies or countries adopting ZDCs to soy-associated deforestation in the Cerrado. We further assess the formulation and implementation of these ZDCs and identify several systematic weaknesses that must be addressed to increase the likelihood that they achieve meaningful reductions in deforestation in future. As the 2020 deadline for several of these commitments approaches, our approach can provide independent monitoring of progress toward the goal of ending commodity-associated deforestation.
Water rights, river compacts, and legal-policy stationarity in the American West*
Authors: Perramond Eric P 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article examines static-data assumptions trapped in water rights and, separately, in larger interstate river compacts in the American West. These reflect assumptions of scalar stationarity embedded in water codes in western states. State water adjudications sort how much water is being used, but the resulting data are often publicly unavailable and unchanged. Interstate river compacts often divide fixed, erroneous river flow data. River compact data, based on early 20th century optimistic estimates of river flow, have not changed in policy language. At both the micro- and the macro-scale, these separate data remain fixed, complicating water management in the American West.
Simulation tests of new solution of the longwall shearer haulage system
Authors: Kotwica K , Stopka G , Gospodarczyk P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article presents the idea of a new solution for KOMTRACK longwall shearer haulage system. Based on the analysis of test results of an earlier version of the FLEXTRACK haulage system, a new version of the KOMTRACK system was developed. Using the ANSYS LS-Dyna program, simulations of the longwall shearer’s drive wheel mating with the selected elements of the toothed haulage segment were performed. The purpose of the analyzes was identification of contact stress value of the elements of the feed system as a function of geometrical parameters of various solutions of the toothed bar. The result of the simulation was the selection of the rack solution for further field and industrial tests.
Analysis of magnetic pull effect in disk induction motor with symmetrical/asymmetrical air-gap
Authors: Wolnik T , Będkowski B 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Disk induction motor presents an interesting alternative to standard machine on account of its limited axial dimension. Its application may be contemplated for mine industry machines. However, in case of the design presented in this paper, a most significant drawback lies in magnetic pull axial forces appearing during normal operation of the machine and affecting bearing performance. This is why such forces should be considered at the design stage; this is particularly true, when design of magnetic circuit does not counterbalance those forces. The issue of magnetic pull occurring in disk induction motor with a single air-gap is presented in the paper for both symmetrical and asymmetrical air-gap. Results of calculations and measurements of axial forces under differing operating conditions of the motor are demonstrated. Particular attention is paid to analysis of axial force waveforms and their variations for different motor operating conditions.
Analysis of the process of loosening the rocks with different strength properties using the undercutting bolts
Authors: Siegmund M , Jonak J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The process and the test results of the solid rock loosening by use of the fixed undercutting bolt are described. The tests were carried out within the RODEST project, OPUS 10 competition No. 2015/19/B/ST10/02817, financed by the National Science Centre, where a series of numerical modelling as well as laboratory and in-situ tests were planned. The test stand equipment as well as methodology for conducting the in-situ tests are presented. The tests were conducted in four mines. In each mine tens of solid rock loosening tests were conducted, during which the process parameters were recorded. Additionally, the loosened area outline in each successful test was recreated using 3D scanner. Data collected during in-situ tests as well as strength properties of the tested rocks enabled analysing the loosening process (forces, ranges) in relation to the rock type.
The method of determining the optimal life cycle of the mining machine
Authors: Kowalski A , Blichtarski M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
One of the significant components of production costs are the purchase and operating costs of machinery and equipment; according to Sandvik Coromant, they can account for approx. 30% of manufacturing costs. In the mining industry, the share of purchase and operation costs of machinery and equipment in the mining cost is certainly even greater. Such a large share of machine and tooling costs in manufacturing costs determines the significance of the issue of minimizing these costs, which is connected with the problem of determining the moment when further operation of a worn machine becomes unprofitable. One of the currently available ways to determine the length of the operation lifecycle is to register and compare the total costs of machine maintenance and its annual maintenance costs. This method is easy to apply, unfortunately it is not possible to use it at the machine purchase planning stage and thus it does not allow for prior determination of a viable life cycle length. The aim of the article is to propose a method for determining a profitable life cycle of a mining machine, taking into account the economic factors of macroenvironment. The costs related to operation, including failure costs, were also considered. Determining the duration of the operation cycle is based on determining the payback time of investment for the purchase of a new machine or on minimizing the average cost of monthly use and purchase of the machine in several operating cycles for a longer period of operation. The differences in operating costs between used and new machines are taken into account in calculating the payback period. Sample calculations were carried out using the example of the self-propelled Getman S330 scaler.
Mindfulness Versus Distraction to Improve Affective Response and Promote Cardiovascular Exercise Behavior
Authors: Gillman Arielle S , Bryan Angela D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Variation in affective response to exercise partially explains high levels of inactivity. Examining ways to improve affective responses to physical activity is, therefore, an important direction for research aiming to promote exercise behavior.

Purpose
This study compares three strategies: mindfulness, distraction, and an associative focus comparison group as potential strategies to improve affective response to exercise and promote exercise behavior.

Methods
Seventy-eight insufficiently active individuals (M age 26.82, 74% female) were randomly assigned to one of the following three conditions: (a) mindfulness, (b) distraction, or (c) associative attentional focus. The study was divided into two phases, a laboratory session in which participants learned their assigned strategy and completed a 30 min supervised exercise bout and an at-home intervention in which participants used their assigned strategy while exercising on their own for 2 weeks and filled out daily surveys.

Results
Seventy-five participants completed the study. The central hypotheses were partially supported. Participants in the mindfulness and distraction conditions maintained more positive affective response to exercise over time compared to participants in the associative focus condition, whose affect became less positive over time (p = .04). Participants in the distraction condition experienced lower perceived exertion during exercise (p = .01). There were no condition differences in self-reported minutes exercised during follow-up, but participants in the mindfulness condition reported exercising for more days during the follow-up compared to the associative focus condition (p = .01).

Conclusions
These findings suggest individuals wishing to increase their cardiovascular exercise could engage in mindfulness or distraction in order to make exercise feel less difficult and/or more affectively pleasant.
Using Evidence Factors to Clarify Exposure Biomarkers
Authors: Karmakar Bikram , Small Dylan S , Rosenbaum Paul R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A study has 2 evidence factors if it permits 2 statistically independent inferences about 1 treatment effect such that each factor is immune to some bias that would invalidate the other factor. Because the 2 factors are statistically independent, the evidence they provide can be combined using methods associated with meta-analysis for independent studies, despite using the same data twice in different ways. We illustrate evidence factors, applying them in a new way in investigations that have both an exposure biomarker and a coarse external measure of exposure to a treatment. To illustrate, we consider the possible effects of cigarette smoking on homocysteine levels, with self-reported smoking and a cotinine biomarker. We examine joint sensitivity of 2 factors to bias from confounding, a central aspect of any observational study.
Efficacy of JAK inhibitors in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Ferrante Marc , Sabino João 
Published: December 2019

AbstractJanus kinase [JAK] inhibitors are a completely novel therapy for the treatment of patients with immune-mediated inflammatory disorders. The oral formulation of tofacitinib has recently been approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis. In the placebo-controlled OCTAVE programme, tofacitinib proved to be efficacious for both inducing and maintaining clinical remission, and this both in anti-tumour necrosis factor-naïve and exposed patients. Several other anti-JAK inhibitors are currently explored. This review summarises the available efficacy data from all anti-JAK inhibitors in ulcerative colitis.
Partial identification in nonseparable count data instrumental variable
models
Authors: Kim Dongwoo 
Published: December 2019

Summary
This paper investigates undesirable limitations of widely used count data instrumental variable models. To overcome the limitations, I propose a partially identifying single-equation model that requires neither strong separability of unobserved heterogeneity nor a triangular system. Sharp bounds (identified sets) of structural features are characterised by conditional moment inequalities. Numerical examples show that the size of an identified set can be very small when the support of an outcome is rich or instruments are strong. An algorithm for estimation and inference is presented. I illustrate the usefulness of the proposed model in an empirical application to effects of supplemental insurance on healthcare utilisation.
Developing Traps for the Spotted Lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae)
Authors: Francese Joseph A , Cooperband Miriam F , Murman Kelly M , Cannon Stefani L , Booth Everett G , Devine Sarah M , Wallace Matthew S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White), an invasive, phloem-feeding fulgorid generalist, was recently discovered in the United States. Current trapping methods include placing glue-covered sticky bands around trunks of host trees to exploit the lanternfly’s behavior of climbing up tree trunks. These bands are messy and need to be replaced often as they become covered in both target and nontarget insects and debris. Fourth instar nymphs and adults have also shown an ability to escape from traditional tree bands or avoid capture. A promising commercially available tree band (BugBarrier) design that faces inward to the trunk and targets larger developmental stages was tested. A modified pecan weevil trap (circle trunk trap) was also compared with tree bands. This design does not require the use of insect-trapping adhesive. Circle trunk traps caught more third and fourth instar and adult L. delicatula than BugBarrier bands. Flight intercept traps caught fewer adult L. delicatula than trunk-based tree bands. In a separate comparison, more spotted lanternflies were caught on adhesive-coated ‘tree mimicking’ traps placed along the edges of Ailanthus altissima Swingle (Sapindales: Simaroubaceae) stands than away from hosts in an open field. Circle trunk traps are recommended for their effectiveness at capturing L. delicatula as well as their relative ease-of-use and reusability.
Wood dust exposure and risks of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: E Meng , Yin Jinzhu , Jin Wu , Mao Yiyang , Wu Qihong , Qiu Jun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Wood dust has been confirmed as one kind of human carcinogen. However, there are inconsistent study results of exploring the relationship of exposure to wood dust and occurrence of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). For a greater clarification, the authors systemically reviewed the relevant published articles on the relationship of exposure to wood dust and occurrence of NPC. And meta-analysis was conducted.

Methods
The databases of PubMed, U.S. National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE), Embase and Science Direct were searched for the relevant publications. And Newcastle-Ottawa scale was employed for judging the quality of articles. Random-effect model was utilized for meta-analysis.

Results
Among a total of 583 retrieved items, 10 case–control studies and 1 cohort study were selected. The ratio of maximal/minimal exposure concentration of wood dust yielded a pooled odd ratio (OR) of 2.18 (95% CI = 1.62–2.93, P = 0.063) with a moderate heterogeneity (I2: 43.0%; P = 0.001). And subgroup analysis was performed for such factors as exposure status, exposure population and geographic region. No publishing bias was noted. Exposing to a high concentration of wood dust was positively proportional to occurring risk of NPC.

Conclusion
It hints at the contributing effect of wood dust upon NPC. For eliminating the effects of other confounding factors, larger prospective cohort studies are required for further elucidating the relationship of exposure to wood dust and occurrence of NPC.