bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inter-device reproducibility of transcutaneous bilirubin meters
Authors: Dam-Vervloet Alida J. , van Erk Marlijn D. , Doorn Nina , Lip Stefan G. J. , Timmermans Nienke A. , Vanwinsen Leen , de Boer Foky-Anna , van Straaten Henrica L. M. , Bosschaart Nienke 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Transcutaneous bilirubinometry is a widely used screening method for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Deviation of the transcutaneous bilirubin concentration (TcB) from the total serum bilirubin concentration (TSB) is often ascribed to biological variation between patients, but variations between TcB meters may also have a role. This study aims to provide a systematic evaluation of the inter-device reproducibility of TcB meters.

Materials and Methods
Thirteen commercially available TcB meters (JM-105 and JM-103) were evaluated in vitro on phantoms that optically mimic neonatal skin. The mimicked TcB was varied within the clinical range (0.5–181.3 μmol/L).

Results
Absolute differences between TcB meter outcomes increased with the measured TcB, from a difference of 5.0 μmol/L (TcB = 0.5 μmol/L phantom) up to 65.0 μmol/L (TcB = 181.3 μmol/L phantom).

Conclusion
The inter-device reproducibility of the examined TcB meters is substantial and exceeds the specified accuracy of the device (±25.5 μmol/L), as well as the clinically used TcB safety margins (>50 µmol/L below phototherapy threshold). Healthcare providers should be well aware of this additional uncertainty in the TcB determination, especially when multiple TcB meters are employed in the same clinic. We strongly advise using a single TcB meter per patient to evaluate the TcB over time.

Impact

Key message: The inter-device reproducibility of TcB meters is substantial and exceeds the clinically used TcB safety margins.

What this study adds to existing literature: The inter-device reproducibility of transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) meters has not been reported in the existing literature. This in vitro study systematically evaluates this inter-device reproducibility.

Impact: This study aids in a better interpretation of the measured TcB value from a patient and is of particular importance during patient monitoring when using multiple TcB meters within the same clinical department. We strongly advise using a single TcB meter per patient to evaluate the TcB over time.
Gene expression during bacterivorous growth of a widespread marine heterotrophic flagellate
Authors: Massana Ramon , Labarre Aurelie , López-Escardó David , Obiol Aleix , Bucchini François , Hackl Thomas , Fischer Matthias G , Vandepoele Klaas , Tikhonenkov Denis V , Husnik Filip , Keeling Patrick J 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Phagocytosis is a fundamental process in marine ecosystems by which prey organisms are consumed and their biomass incorporated in food webs or remineralized. However, studies searching for the genes underlying this key ecological process in free-living phagocytizing protists are still scarce, in part due to the lack of appropriate ecological models. Our reanalysis of recent molecular datasets revealed that the cultured heterotrophic flagellate Cafeteria burkhardae is widespread in the global oceans, which prompted us to design a transcriptomics study with this species, grown with the cultured flavobacterium Dokdonia sp. We compared the gene expression between exponential and stationary phases, which were complemented with three starvation by dilution phases that appeared as intermediate states. We found distinct expression profiles in each condition and identified 2056 differentially expressed genes between exponential and stationary samples. Upregulated genes at the exponential phase were related to DNA duplication, transcription and translational machinery, protein remodeling, respiration and phagocytosis, whereas upregulated genes in the stationary phase were involved in signal transduction, cell adhesion, and lipid metabolism. We identified a few highly expressed phagocytosis genes, like peptidases and proton pumps, which could be used to target this ecologically relevant process in marine ecosystems.
Impairment of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway and activation of pyroptosis in macular corneal dystrophy
Authors: Zheng Tao , Zhao Chuchu , Zhao Baowen , Liu Hanruo , Wang Shijian , Wang Liyuan , Liu Ping 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMacular corneal dystrophy (MCD) is ascribed to mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase (CHST6) gene affecting keratan sulfate (KS) hydrophilicity and causing non-sulfated KS to precipitate in keratocytes and the corneal stroma. We investigated roles for inflammatory responses in MCD pathogenesis by examining the lysosomal-autophagy pathway and activation of pyroptosis in MCD keratocytes. Normal and lesioned keratocytes were obtained from MCD patients undergoing corneal transplantation. The keratocytes were subjected to gene sequencing, RT-PCR, western blotting, transmission electron microscopy, histological staining, induction and inhibition assays of autophagy and pyroptosis, CCK-8 and LysoTracker Green DND-26 labeling, and flow cytometry. A novel homozygous MCD mutation was identified in a family from Northeast China; the mutation was distinguished by cytoplasmic vacuolation, cell membrane disruption, electron dense deposits, and deposition of a band of Periodic acid-Schiff and Alcian blue-positive material in the keratocytes and stroma layer. KS protein levels were decreased, expression of p62 and LC3-II proteins was enhanced, cathepsin D expression was declined and the LysoTracker Green DND-26 signal was dramatically reduced in MCD keratocytes. Bafilomycin-A1 treatment significantly increased caspase-1 and Pro-IL-1β expression in normal and MCD keratocytes. Nod-like receptors pyrins-3 (NLRP3), caspase-1, Pro-IL-1β, and IL-1β levels were pronouncedly elevated in cells exposed to H2O2. Ac-YVAD-CMK treatment reversed this expression in normal and MCD keratocytes. Suppression of the autophagic degradation of non-sulfated KS by impaired autophagic flux in MCD keratocytes triggers pyroptosis. Amelioration of impaired autophagy and restraint of pyroptosis may, therefore, have therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of MCD.
Radiography in high mass X-ray binaries
Authors: El Mellah I. , Grinberg V. , Sundqvist J. O. , Driessen F. A. , Leutenegger M. A. 
Published: September 2020

Context.In high mass X-ray binaries, an accreting compact object orbits a high mass star, which loses mass through a dense and inhomogeneous wind.Aims.Using the compact object as an X-ray backlight, the time variability of the absorbing column density in the wind can be exploited in order to shed light on the micro-structure of the wind and obtain unbiased stellar mass-loss rates for high mass stars.Methods.We developed a simplified representation of the stellar wind where all the matter is gathered in spherical “clumps” that are radially advected away from the star. This model enables us to explore the connections between the stochastic properties of the wind and the variability of the column density for a comprehensive set of parameters related to the orbit and to the wind micro-structure, such as the size of the clumps and their individual mass. In particular, we focus on the evolution with the orbital phase of the standard deviation of the column density and of the characteristic duration of enhanced absorption episodes. Using the porosity length, we derive analytical predictions and compare them to the standard deviations and coherence time scales that were obtained.Results.We identified the favorable systems and orbital phases to determine the wind micro-structure. The coherence time scale of the column density is shown to be the self-crossing time of a single clump in front of the compact object. We thus provide a procedure to get accurate measurements of the size and of the mass of the clumps, purely based on the observable time variability of the column density.Conclusions.The coherence time scale grants direct access to the size of the clumps, while their mass can be deduced separately from the amplitude of the variability. We further show how monitoring the variability at superior conjunctions can probe the onset of the clump-forming region above the stellar photosphere. If the high column density variations in some high mass X-ray binaries are due to unaccreted clumps which are passing by the line-of-sight, this would require high mass clumps to reproduce the observed peak-to-peak amplitude and coherence time scales. These clump properties are marginally compatible with the ones derived from radiative-hydrodynamics simulations. Alternatively, the following components could contribute to the variability of the column density: larger orbital scale structures produced by a mechanism that has yet to be identified or a dense environment in the immediate vicinity of the accretor, such as an accretion disk, an outflow, or a spherical shell surrounding the magnetosphere of the accreting neutron star.
Mixed methods for degenerate elliptic problems and application to fractional Laplacian
Authors: Cejas María E. , Durán Ricardo G. , Prieto Mariana I. 
Published: September 2020

We analyze the approximation by mixed finite element methods of solutions of equations of the form −div (a∇u) = g, where the coefficient a = a(x) can degenerate going to zero or infinity. First, we extend the classic error analysis to this case provided that the coefficient a belongs to the Muckenhoupt class A2. The analysis developed applies to general mixed finite element spaces satisfying the standard commutative diagram property, whenever some stability and interpolation error estimates are valid in weighted norms. Next, we consider in detail the case of Raviart–Thomas spaces of arbitrary order, obtaining optimal order error estimates for simplicial elements in any dimension and for convex quadrilateral elements in the two dimensional case, in both cases under a regularity assumption on the family of meshes. For the lowest order case we show that the regularity assumption can be removed and prove anisotropic error estimates which are of interest in problems with boundary layers. Finally we apply the results to a problem arising in the solution of the fractional Laplace equation.
Bounding CPT and Lorentz symmetry violations through ultra-high-energy cosmic rays
Authors: Escobar C A , Potting R 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We review recent work on CPT and Lorentz violation in the context of the Standard-Model Extension. In particular, we show that, when CPT and Lorentz violation is present in the kinetic terms of any particle in the gauge boson or the lepton sector, this will generally lead to proton decay at sufficiently high energy. Using observational data from ultra-high energy cosmic rays, this has allowed to derive new bounds on the corresponding CPT and Lorentz-violation parameters.
Three Higgs doublet model with horizontal S
3 symmetry
Authors: Alvarez-Cruz A , Gómez-Bock M , Mondragón M , Pérez-Martínez A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We present a brief overview of a three-Higgs-doublet Model CP-invariant with S
3-symmetry as a flavor symmetry. This model contains three Higgs SU(2) doublets as well as three right handed neutrinos, besides the usual Standard Model particles. We discuss some features of the Yukawa, Higgs and neutrino sectors of this model, and present some new results on the trilinear couplings of the Higgs sector, plus a fit of all parameters in the neutrino one.
S
4 modular symmetry, seesaw mechanism and lepton masses and mixing
Authors: Novichkov P P , Penedo J T 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We report on two works which exploit the approach to charged lepton and neutrino masses, neutrino mixing and leptonic CP violation based on the modular S
4 symmetry. The light neutrino masses are assumed to be generated via the type I seesaw mechanism. Realistic models without flavons and compatible with the data are constructed and the predicted correlations between neutrino mixing observables are studied.
Sterile neutrinos as a source of CP violation
Authors: Palazzo A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Several anomalous results have been reported at short-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments, which cannot be accommodated in the standard 3-flavor framework. The most popular interpretation of these anomalies entails new light sterile neutrinos (with mass in the eV range) which mix with the three ordinary “active” species. We show that the presence of sterile neutrinos induces new CP violating phenomena and how the the planned LBL experiments will be able to probe them.
Master Majorana neutrino mass parametrization
Authors: Cordero-Carrión I , Hirsch M , Vicente A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
After showing that the neutrino mass matrix in all Majorana models can be described by a general master formula, we will present a master parametrization for the Yukawa matrices, also valid for all Majorana models, that automatically ensures agreement with neutrino oscillation data. The application of the master parametrization will be illustrated in an example model.
Towards machine learning in the classification of Z
2 × Z
2 orbifold compactifications
Authors: Faraggi A E , Harries G , Percival B , Rizos J 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Systematic classification of Z
2 × Z
2 orbifold compactifications of the heterotic-string was pursued by using its free fermion formulation. The method entails random generation of string vacua and analysis of their entire spectra, and led to discovery of spinor-vector duality and three generation exophobic string vacua. The classification was performed for string vacua with unbroken SO(10) GUT symmetry, and progressively extended to models in which the SO(10) symmetry is broken to the SO(6) × SO(4), SU(5) × U(1), SU(3) × SU(2) × U(1)2 and SU(3) × U(1) × SU(2)2 subgroups. Obtaining sizeable numbers of phenomenologically viable vacua in the last two cases requires identification of fertility conditions. Adaptation of machine learning tools to identify the fertility conditions will be useful when the frequency of viable models becomes exceedingly small in the total space of vacua.
Probing modified dispersion relations in vacuum with high-energy γ-ray sources: review and prospects
Authors: Bolmont J , Perennes C 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A possible violation of Lorentz Invariance (LIV) in the form of Modified Dispersion Relations (MDR) for photons in vacuum appeared in the late 90s as a possible outcome of some models developed with the goal to provide a full theory of Quantum Gravity (QG). Since then, several ways to probe quantum spacetime from high-energy gamma-ray observations of distant sources have been followed and provide stringent limits on the characteristic energy scale of these QG-related phenomena.
In this paper, the use of astrophysical sources for constraining MDR will be described. In particular, strengths and weaknesses of each category of sources as well as temporal effects due to emission mechanisms will be discussed. The latest results obtained from observations of Gamma-Ray Bursts, flaring Active Galactic Nuclei and pulsars will be briefly reviewed. Then, efforts on-going to get more robust constraints on MDR and LIV will be discussed and put in context with the beginning of the Cherenkov Telescope Array operations in the next few years.
Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays and the Highest Energies Universe
Authors: Aloisio R 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We will discuss the main relevant aspects of the physics of ultra high energy cosmic rays. After a short recap of the experimental evidences, we will review theoretical models aiming at describing the sources of these extremely energetic particles opening a window on the highest energies universe. We will discuss the production of secondary particles and the possible tests of new physics that ultra high energy cosmic rays could provide. The present proceedings paper is mainly based on review papers written by the author in the last two years.
Pushing the Energy and Cosmic Frontiers with High-Energy Astrophysical Neutrinos1
Authors: Bustamante M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The astrophysical neutrinos recently discovered by the IceCube neutrino telescope have the highest detected neutrino energies — from TeV to PeV — and travel the longest distances — up to a few Gpc, the size of the observable Universe. These features make them naturally attractive probes of fundamental particle-physics properties, possibly tiny in size, at energy scales unreachable by any other means. The decades before the IceCube discovery saw many proposals of particle-physics studies in this direction. Today, those proposals have become a reality, in spite of prevalent astrophysical unknowns. We showcase examples of studying fundamental neutrino physics at these scales, including some of the most stringent tests of physics beyond the Standard Model.
The dispersion method and dimensional regularization applied to the decay

H→Zγ
Authors: Boradjiev I , Christova E , Eberl H 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We have calculated the W-loop contribution to the amplitude of the decay

H
→
Z
γ

in the unitary gauge through the dispersion method and in the

R
ξ

gauge using dimensional regularization (DimReg). We show that the results of the calculations with DimReg and the dispersion method, adopting the boundary condition at the limit

M
W

→
0

defined by the Goldstone boson equivalence theorem (GBET), completely coincide. This implies that the dispersion method obeying the GBET is compatible with DimReg. The advantage of the applied dispersion method is that we work with finite quantities and no regularization is required.
The CP-symmetries of the 2HDM
Authors: Grzadkowski B , Ogreid O M , Osland P 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We discuss the three different classes of CP-symmetries that can be realized in a two-Higgs-doublet model, CP1, CP2 and CP3. We express conditions for realizing these symmetries in terms of masses and couplings of the model, thereby providing a way of verifying which, if any, of these symmetries is realized by nature.
Research on application of an improved deep convolutional neural network in handwritten character recognition
Authors: Wu Lan , Jia Xueying , Zhu Canshi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The classical convolutional neural network has been widely used for handwritten digit character recognition with high accuracy. However, due to its small convolutional layer, fixed size of convolution kernel and few extracted features, the recognition accuracy of complex handwritten characters are reduced. In this paper, an improved deep convolutional neural network model is proposed, which can allocate different convolution kernels according to the different information amount in the handwritten character image area for convolution, so as to better extract the effective information of the image and is more suitable for complex handwritten character recognition applications. Experiments show that the recognition rate can be higher.
Research on the influencing factors of Chinese medicine cultural identity of international students in Chinese medicine schools
Authors: Chen Yang , Guan Cuiling 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In order to explore the influencing factors of Chinese medicine cultural identity of international students from Chinese medicine schools. The paper questionnaire survey was conducted among overseas students with academic degrees from nine Chinese medicine colleges by means of convenient sampling, and the data were analyzed by multiple linear regression. In conclusion, the mean of Chinese medicine cultural identity score of international students from Chinese medicine colleges was (3.80±0.70), Chinese medicine cultural identity that there are statistically significant differences in the four variables: whether Chinese or not, motivation of studying abroad, medical training and home medicine (p< 0.05). Conclusion: The motivation of studying abroad is an important factor affecting the cultural identity of Chinese medicine for international students in China, and Colleges of Chinese medicine should enhance the education and guidance of cultural identity of Chinese medicine for international students in China.
Visual module based on VSLAM
Authors: Xiong Letian , Liao Guojiao , Xiong Shiqi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
With the rapid development of science and technology, VSLAM (real-time positioning and map construction technology) has been widely used in AR/VR, robots, drones and unmanned aerial vehicles and other fields because of its unique theory and application value in the era of artificial intelligence. However, there are still difficulties on indoor and outdoor positioning navigation and image scene understanding, such as auxiliary rescue after disaster, inspection of large factories, etc. In addition, the combination entity of VSLAM and artificial intelligence has not realized the popularization of consumption level. A vision system positioning module based on VSLAM technology can be transferred to be the carrier of any intelligent robots, which can be used in post-disaster auxiliary rescue, intelligent inspection of large factories, intelligent logistics sorting field and the construction of intelligent city in the future. People can save rescue time, help save life, reduce economic loss and the safety risk of rescue personnel on the auxiliary disaster rescue and intelligent inspection with it. At the same time, it can help achieve intelligent logistics sorting (and its scope expansion) by setting up network with 5G (5th generation wireless systems) in logistics community distribution.
Automatic classification of CT images of cerebral hemorrhage in dicom format based on BP neural network
Authors: Zhang Kang , Xu Shaozhong , Hu Chenxuan , Zhang Heling 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a method that can scan all the DICOM format CT images of cerebral hemorrhage in the specified folder and automatically analyze the parameters of the hemorrhage area. The automatic segmentation of cerebral hemorrhage area and brain tissue area is realized by threshold method, and the volume of cerebral hemorrhage area and brain tissue area is calculated according to the layer height and resolution parameters of Dicom format image. The proportion of hemorrhage area to brain tissue is calculated. Then, the position information of hemorrhage area and the percentage of hemorrhage area in brain tissue are used as the input of BP neural network to realize the automatic classification of the severity of cerebral hemorrhage.
Research on improved sharpening algorithm based on closed operation and binarization
Authors: Wang Xuesong , Wang Shigang , Guo Yifeng , Wu Shukun , Li Kene 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, binarization and closed operation are used to improve traditional sharpening algorithms. Aiming at the problem that traditional sharpening algorithm tends to sharpen noise when processing pictures. First of all, this paper eliminates noise through binarization, and then uses morphological closed operation to fill the cavities generated by noise. Finally, the Sobel operator is used to detect the edge of the image, which is superimposed with the original image and simulated on matlab. The simulation result shows that the improved sharpening algorithm based on binarization and closed operation can not only sharpen the edges of the image, but also not sharpen the noise. The innovation of this paper is to make the image sharpening effect better than traditional phase algorithm.