bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex and Gender Issues in Pain Management
Authors: Templeton Kimberly J. 
Published: April 2020

➢ Differences exist between men and women in response to noxious stimuli.➢ Sex-based differences in the perception of noxious stimuli and gender-based differences in the expression of, or behavioral response to, pain have been identified, but much of the current research is difficult to extrapolate to clinical settings.➢ The response to opioids and the risks of misuse or addiction vary between men and women, although many studies of addiction do not assess data on the basis of sex or gender.
Prognostic factors in patients with thyroid carcinoma: a competing-risks analysis
Authors: Wang Junhu , Heng Lisong , Yang Jie , Tian Feng , Liang Xiaojun , Wang Xinwen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Cox proportional-hazards models are widely used to describe survival trends and identify prognostic factors for thyroid carcinoma, but they have significant limitations and deficiencies. This study therefore used a competing-risks model to identify the significant prognostic factors for thyroid carcinoma.

Methods

We identified 38,444 eligible patients in the SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result) database. The potential prognostic factors for thyroid carcinoma were analyzed by competing-risks analysis using both univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

The univariate analysis showed that age, sex, race, marital state, insurance status, tumor size, whether regional lymph nodes were examined, AJCC stage, histology, surgery status, radiation status, chemotherapy status, bone metastasis, brain metastasis, liver metastasis, and lung metastasis were prognostic factors for death caused by thyroid carcinoma. The multivariate analyses that comprised Cox regression analysis, the cause-specific hazard function analysis, and subdistribution hazard function (SD) analysis produced different results, identifying age, being unmarried, no regional lymph nodes examined, AJCC stages II, III, and IV, having follicular, medullary, and anaplastic carcinomas, no surgery, no radiation, liver metastasis, and lung metastasis as the significant risk factors for thyroid carcinoma, while being female and not receiving chemotherapy were protective factors. The results from the three multivariate models for being black, tumor size >1 cm, and brain metastasis were inconsistent.

Conclusion

This study had produced information about the significant prognostic factors for thyroid carcinoma using a competing-risks model that is more accurate than that obtained using Cox regression analysis. The SD model seems to be preferable for establishing a more accurate prognostic model of this disease aimed at guiding clinical treatments and improving prognoses.
Total laparoscopic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a propensity score matching analysis with meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Ke , Pan Yu , Mou Yi-ping , Huang Chao-jie , Yan Jia-fei , Zhang Ren-chao , Zhang Miao-zun , Wang Guan-yu , Wang Xian-fa , Chen Qi-long 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Total laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (TLPD) have been used in the treatment of benign and low-grade diseases on the pancreatic head. It is necessary to expand the current knowledge on the feasibility and safety of TLPD for PDAC treatment. We aimed to assess the surgical and oncological outcomes of TLPD for patients with PDAC by comparing them with open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD). Methods Data regarding patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for PDAC treatment from January 2013 to January 2019 in our hospital were obtained. Baseline characteristics, intraoperative effects, postoperative recoveries, and survival outcomes were compared. To overcome selection bias, we performed a 1:1 match using propensity score matching (PSM) between TLPD and OPD. We also conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. Results The original cohort included 276 patients (TLPD; 98 patients, OPD; 178 patients). After PSM, there were 89 patients in each group and the patient demographics were well matched. Of the 98 patients who underwent TLPD, 8 (8.2%) required conversions to laparotomies. Compared to OPD, TLPD could be performed with longer operative times, had less blood loss, and had lower overall morbidities. Regarding oncological and survival outcomes, there were no significant differences in tumor size, R0 resection rates and tumor stages between groups. However, TLPD had an advantage over OPD in terms of retrieved lymph nodes (21.9 ± 6.6 vs. 18.9 ± 5.4, p < 0.01). There were no statistically signiﬁcant differences between the groups in recurrence patterns, and the 3-year recurrence-free and overall survival rates were comparable between the two groups. Meta-analysis further confirmed that the TLPD were associated with longer operative times, less blood loss, shorter hospitalizations, lower morbidities, and a greater number of retrieved lymph nodes. Conclusions TLPD are feasible and oncologically safe procedures for PDAC treatments. Postoperative outcomes and long-term survival after TLPD are superior, or not inferior, to OPD, and could be a promising alternative to open surgery for PDAC treatments. Our findings should be further evaluated by multicenter or randomized controlled trials.
Ethnobotany as A Science of Preserving Traditional Knowledge: A Case Study of Herbal Uses of Plants in Trans-Himalaya (Ladakh), India
Authors: Haq Shiekh Marifatul , Calixto Eduardo Soares , Malik Zubair A. , Kunwar Ripu M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be withdrawn due to author disagreement.
A retrospective chart review of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty functional outcome and the incidence of medial meniscus posterior root tear in spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee
Authors: WU PO-JU , Lin TsungYu , Lu YungChang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background :
Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SONK) can lead to severe knee osteoarthritis predominantly localized to the medial compartment. We aimed to determine whether unicompartmental knee arthroplasty was an effective treatment for primary SONK.
Methods: We analyzed the functional outcomes in 23 patients with SONK (with a magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]-confirmed diagnosis) who underwent UKA at a single center. The mean follow-up time was 67 months post-UKA.
Results: Significant improvements in function were indicated by reduced Oxford Knee and Visual Analogue Scale scores after UKA, and there were no specific complications after the procedures. The incidence of MRI-identified medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT) was 69.6% (16/23).
Conclusion: Unicompartment arthroplasty for SONK is less destructive to the native knee structure than total knee arthroplasty, but can achieve comparable prognosis with strict patient selection.While the precise etiology of SONK is unknown, one theory posits that a MMPRT may change the biomechanical circumstances of the knee joint, leading to osteonecrosis. Although not confirmatory, the high prevalence rate suggests that MMPRT may have a key role in the development of SONK. UKA is an effective treatment option for SONK, resulting in significant functional improvement. Long-term (>10 years) outcomes should be investigated.
Discrepant expression and prognostic role of epidermal growth factor receptor and icotinib radiosensitization for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wu Bo , Xiong Hua-cai , Wang Yong , Lu Hong-sheng , Chen Qi , Ying Shen-peng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression was observed in many tumors. Icotinib (IH), an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, could enhance the radiosensitivity, but few studies have focused on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Materials and Methods : One hundred fifteen NPC lesions and 30 nasopharyngitis lesions were enrolled for EGFR expression evaluation with immunohistochemical staining. The correlation of EGFR expression and clinical parameters was analyzed. Survival analysis was calculated using univariate and multivariate analysis. A radioresistant NPC cell line, CNE-2R, was established with a gradient irradiation schedule of 60 Gy from CNE-2. Cell viability of CNE-2/2R was detected using microculture tetrazolium assay and colony-forming assay. The IH radiosensitization effect and EGFR expression were also evaluated in CNE-2/2R. Results: High EGFR expression was more frequently detected in NPC lesions (73/115) than chronic nasopharyngitis lesions (5/30, p =0.000). EGFR expression was correlated with tumor stage ( p =0.000) and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage ( p =0.006). EGFR expression was an independent prognostic factor of disease-free survival ( p =0.047) and overall survival ( p =0.016). The optical density value of CNE-2R was higher than CNE-2 on days 1, 2, 4, and 6 after radiation of 4 Gy ( p <0.005). CNE-2 colony numbers clearly decreased compared with CNE-2R ( p <0.05), and IH enhanced the radiosensitizing effect of CNE-2R with an apparently lower survival fraction (1.414 times, p <0.05). Higher EGFR expression was observed in CNE-2R cells and decreased accordingly when exposed to IH. Conclusion: High EGFR expression was more frequently detected as a poor prognostic factor in NPC patients. Higher radioresistance and EGFR expression were observed in CNE-2R, and IH could reduce it. These results provided a new theoretical basis for clinical application of icotinib radiosensitization in NPC radiotherapy.
Analysis on Diagnosis of Family Clustering Infection of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Qiu Rong , Liu Ming-wei , Zhao Chuan , Li Wei-min 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Novel coronavirus (nCoV, SARS-CoV-2) infection has complicated and diversified symptoms, but no special treatment. In this study, diagnosis and treatment of family clustering nCoV infection were analyzed. Methods: The Sichuan Suining Central Hospital received 11 patients with confirmed nCoV virus infection from 4 families during January 23rd, 2020 to February 20th, 2020. Their clinical symptoms, treatment conditions and changes of disease state were reviewed in the present study. Results: In all 4 families, there were 1-2 members in each family who had contact with epidemic disease. Clinical manifestations were: 3 cases had debilitation only, 1 case had cough only, 1 case had diarrhea, 5 cases had fever and cough, and 1 case had blood-stained sputum. According to image changes, no image change was observed in 1 child patient. Multiple focal ground-glass opacities were detected from 2 patients and multiple patchy shadows were observed from 8 patients, especially in lung periphery. Complications: there were hypertension in 3 cases, diabetes in 2 cases, depression in 1 cases and hypertension and diabetes in 1 case. Moreover, there’s one patient who had rheumatic heart disease and received mitral and aortic valve replacement 2 years ago. All 11 cases divided into mild type (1 child patient), moderate type (8 patients), severe type (1 patient) and critical type (1 patient). Treatment: 11 patients were treated with intravenous drip of ribavirin injection (adult 0.5g/time; child15mg/kg.time,twice per day) and lopinavir/ritonavior (adult: 2 tablets/ time; child: 1/2 tablets/times, twice per day) for 6-12 days, accompanied with appropriate amount of intravenous drip of antibiotics. Discharge: After treatment, 11 patients met the discharge criteria and were allowed to discharge. Adverse reactions: 4 patients had loose stools and abdominal discomfort, and another 2 cases had diarrhea. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection have complicated and diversified symptoms, which shall be identified according to epidemic history and novel coronavirus nucleic acid test. In particular, the whole family in which there’s a patient with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 shall be isolated for screening in addition to the patient. The lopinavir/ritonavior administration combined with ribavirin or recombinant Human Interferon (RHI) α2b is effective, accompanied with mild adverse reaction.
Tradisi Pemindahan Perempuan dalam Perkawinan Adat Masyarakat Nyura Lele Suku Wee Leo Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya
Authors: Muttaqin Zedi , Hafsah Hafsah , Malo Yuan Aristo 
Published: April 2020

Perkawinan adat Sumba, suatu hal yang masih melekat hingga saat ini yaitu tradisi pemindahan perempuan sebagai salah satu tahapan yang harus di lalui agar perkawinan dikatakan sah dan dapat dijemput oleh keluarga laki-laki. Perkembangan zaman dan peradaban yang semakin maju, akhirnya tradisi ini tidak berjalan sesuai dengan kebiasaan yang telah disepakati. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomologi. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan sumber data primer di peroleh melalui hasil wawancara sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui dokumen-dokumen dan informasi lain yang terkait dengan penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proses Tradisi pemindahan perempuan (Padikina Minne Pala Koro Burru Nauta) pada perkawinan adat masyarakat desa Nyura Lele suku Wee Leo kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya meliputi tahapan perkenalan, tahapan perkenalan adat, tahapan ikat adat dan tahapan pindah dinding turun tangga/ikat pindah. Dalam proses pelaksanan tradisi pemindahan perempuan dalam istilah masyarakat Sumba disebut padikkina mine pala koro burru nauta (pemindahan perempuan/ mempelai wanita pindah dinding turun tangga) meliputi yaitu membuka/memulai pembicaraan, pemberian Tagu Loka (bagian om/paman), pemberian Tagu Umma Kalada (Belis untuk rumah besar), pemberian Imbalan Air Susu Ibu (Itta Kere Puaro Mata), dan urusan Belis. The traditional wedding of Sumba, a thing that is still inherent to the present is the tradition of Padikkina Minne mone nutmeg Velvet (the transfer of women/brides moved the wall down the stairs) as one of the stages that must be passed so that the marriage is said to be valid and can be picked up by the male family. The development of the time and civilization is progressing, eventually this tradition does not go according to the agreed habit. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a phenyomological approach. In this research researchers use primary data sources in obtaining through the results of interviews while secondary data is obtained through documents and other information related to the study. The data collection techniques used are observations, interviews and documentation. The results of the study showed the process of women's removal tradition (Padikina Minne Pala Koro Burru Nauta) on the indigenous marriage of the villagers Nyura Lele tribe Wee the West Sumba Regency Power includes the introductory stage, the stage of customary introduction, the stage of customary ikat and the stage of moving the wall down stairs In the process of the tradition of the removal of women in the community term Sumba called Padikkina mine pala Koro burru Nauta (Transfer of women/bride moving Wall down stairs) covering the opening/starting talks, giving Tagu Loka (part om/uncle), giving Tagu Umma Kalada (Belis for Big House), giving breast milk (Itta Kere Puaro Mata), and Belis affairs.
Pembelajaran PPKn Berorientasi Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Melalui Problem Based Learning Kelas VIII D SMP Negeri 17 Mataram
Authors: Ratnawati NI Komang 
Published: April 2020

Kondisi kualitas pendidikan kita saat ini secara nasional nampaknya masih cukup memprihatinkan, belum sesuai dengan harapan. tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan pembelajaran PPKn berorientasi Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) melalui model Problem Based Learning. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif menjelaskan hasil kegiatan Best Practice PKP 2019. Sasaran penelitian 30 orang, instrument penelitian yakni observasi, angket dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pembelajaran PPKn berorientasi Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) melalui Model Problem Based Learning Peserta Didik Kelas VIII D SMP Negeri 17 Mataram, menyebabkan: 1) peserta didik menjadi lebih aktif dalam proses pembelajaran, terutama dalam bertanya, menjawab maupun mengemukakan pendapat, sehingga meskipun belum maksimal, namun sudah dapat untuk melatih peserta didik dalam memiliki ketrampilan berfikir kritis. 2) meningkatnya kemampuan peserta didik dalam melakukan transfer knowledge, critical thinking, creativity, problem solving. 3) peserta didik menjadi lebih bersemangat dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran, karena bagi mereka ada keleluasaan untuk berkreasi dan berinovasi. 4) peserta didik dapat lebih fokus dalam mengikuti pembelajaran, karena proses pembelajaran menjadi lebih menarik, menyenangkan, dan tidak monoton, sehingga tidak membosankan.The quality condition of our education today nationally seems still quite a concern, not yet following expectations. The purpose of this study to explain the study of the Income-oriented Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) through the model of Problem Based Learning. This research uses qualitative research. The research approach uses a descriptive approach explaining the results of activities PKP 2019 Best Practice. Research objectives of 30 people, research instruments are observations, polls, and documentation. Analyze data using interactive analysis. The results showed that the study was oriented Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) through Model Problem Based Learning Learners class VIII D SMP State 17 Mataram, Cause: 1) Learners become more active in the learning process, Especially in asking, answering or expressing opinions, so that despite not being maximal, but already able to train learners in having critical thinking skills. 2) The increasing ability of learners in the transfer of knowledge, critical thinking, creativity, problem-solving. 3) Learners become more excited in following the learning process, because they have the freedom to create and innovate. 4) Learners can focus more on following learning, because the learning process becomes more interesting, fun, and not monotonous, so it is not boring.
PERBEDAAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA SISWA YANG DIAJAR DENGAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER (NHT) DAN STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD)
Authors: Tambunan Mardiah , Siahaan Sahat 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kemampuan pemcahan masalah matematika pada kelas yang diterapkan pembelajaran kooperatif NHT dan STAD. Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika ditinjau dari empat aspek diantaranya, pemahaman, perencanaan, penyelesaian, dan evaluasi. Sampel di pilih secara random dua kelas dari dua belas kelas. Kedua kelas tersebut akan diberikan perlakuan yang berbeda. Data yang digunakan untuk analisis data adalah data pretes (tes awal) dan data posttest (tes akhir). Setelah diuji data-data tersebut dinyatakan normbalitas dan homogenitas. Hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan taraf signifikansi , dk = n1 + n2 – 2 = 74, dan ttabel = 1,9953 diperoleh thitung = 4,433 sehingga . Dengan demikian H0 ditolak yang berarti terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model kooperatif tipe NHT dan dengan menggunakan model kooperatif tipe STAD pada materi aljabar di kelas VII SMP Pahlawan Nasional Medan T.A. 2011/2012
FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA USIA 12-59 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS CAMPALAGIAN
Authors: Nurisriani Najamuddin  , Reni Rahmadani  , Suriany  
Published: April 2020

Background: Stunting problems in toddlers, which until now are still a special concern in the world because it can inhibit the physical and mental development of children. Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem caused by a lack of nutrient intake over a long period of time due to food intake that is not in accordance with the nutritional needs of the body. Toddlers who experience stunting will cause increased risk and stunted growth and development of children. The method used in this study was observational analytic with a controud case design. Sampling using proportional random sampling technique, obtained 86 respondents in accordance with the inclusion criteria, data collection was done using questionnaire sheets and using KMS to observe birth weight in infants, height and weight of the last weighing at the time of the study with questionnaire filling. The collected data is then processed by using the Chi Square test with ? <0.05. The results of the statistical test showed that BBLR (p = 0.005), Exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.104), Mp-ASI (p = 0.121). The conclusion in this study is that BBLR affects the incidence of stunting, Exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding does not affect the incidence of stunting in children aged 12 to 59 months at the Campalagian Health Center in Polewali Mandar district.
CHROMNIUM PICLONAT EFFECTS IN DIET OF MALE RABBITS EXPOSED TO HEAT STRESS ON SOME PRODUCTIVE TRAITS AND BLOOD SERUM PARAMETERS
Authors: & Al-Saadi Hashem 
Published: April 2020

current study was conducted to determine the effects of Chromium piclonat supplementation on some productive traits and serum parameters of male rabbit exposed to heat stress by used electric heaters ,twenty four male rabbits were randomly divided into four groups 6 for each, first group put in normal suitable climate condition based diet without additional Chromium and kept as positive control group , while The other three groups exposed to heat stress , the basal diet was consisted of 0, 300 , and 500 ppb of Chromium piclonate respectively as a feed additives . All rabbit received feed and water ad libitum, the results showed that there were Increasing organic Cr supplementation 300 and 500 pbb of two treated groups resulted in an increase in body weight compared with negative and positive control group , the serum glucose and cortisone hormone concentrations of both treated groups were decrease, as dietary Cr level increased (P<0.05), but Cr supplementation did not affect total protein, albumen and globulin. These data indicated that organic Cr supplementation increased some performance traits, particularly body weight production and decreased in glucose and cortisone hormone while there were not significant effect in the total of serum protein, Albumin and globulin ,it can be concluded that adding chromium piclonat in dose 300,500pbb in diet of rabbits during hot periods has a benefits to overcome deterioration in some performance traits related to oxidative stress results from heat stress.
Drilling Energy Correlates With Screw Insertion Torque, Screw Compression, and Pullout Strength: A Cadaver Study
Authors: Chen Michael J. , DeBaun Malcolm R. , Thio Timothy , Storaci Hunter , Gardner Michael J. 
Published: April 2020

Introduction:
To determine whether drilling energy correlates with bone mineral density (BMD), maximum insertion torque (MIT), maximum screw compression, and pullout strength (POS).

Methods:
Ten cadaver tibias were used for testing. Unicortical pilot holes were drilled and the drilling energy measured. Drill site bone quality was determined with microcomputed tomography. Drill holes were randomly assigned to POS or MIT testing using 3.5-mm cortical screws engaging only the near cortex. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the relationship between drilling energy, BMD, POS, MIT, and maximum screw compression.

Results:
Drilling energy was correlated with BMD (P < 0.001). Compared with BMD, drilling energy had a better correlation with MIT, maximum screw compression, and POS. Maximum screw compression also correlated with MIT (P = 0.012).

Conclusions:
Drilling energy better correlates with MIT, maximum screw compression, and POS compared with BMD in cadaver cortical bone. Dynamically measuring drilling energy may help inform the orthopaedic surgeon as to the quality of the bone before insertion of implants.