bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The center of pressure progression characterizes the dynamic function of high-arched feet during walking
Authors: Li Bo , Xiang Qipeng , Zhang Xianyi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
The medial longitudinal arch height has an effect on kinetic parameters during gait and might be related to the risk of injury. For the assessment of foot structures, the center of pressure (COP) trajectory is a more reliable and practical parameter than plantar pressure. This study aimed to clarify the COP trajectory and velocity characteristics in the medial-lateral and anterior-posterior direction of individuals with a high-arched foot during barefoot walking.

Methods
Sixty-two healthy young adults were asked to walk over a Footscan pressure plate to record the COP parameters during the stance phase of walking.

Results
Compared to normal arched feet, the COP during forefoot contact and foot flat phases of high-arched feet shifted anteriorly (19.9 mm and 15.1 mm, respectively), and the mean velocity of COP in anterior-posterior direction decreased by 0.26 m/s and increased by 0.044 m/s during these two phases respectively.

Conclusions
The findings of this study suggest that the displacement and velocity of COP in anterior-posterior direction was different between high-arched and normal-arched subjects during barefoot walking, which can be used for the assessment of gait characteristics for high-arched individuals. The results of this study may provide insights into modifying clinical intervention for individuals with high-arched feet to enhance rehabilitation and prevent injuries and have implications for assessing the design of footwear and foot orthotics.

Graphical abstract
Prevalence and correlates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients
Authors: Ibrahim Lamis , Abouhendy Wail , Raafat Nelly , Fouad Amira Ahmed 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundHigh rates of history of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms have been found in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) adults. Both, when comorbid, cause the clinical course to be unfavorable, more susceptibility to substance use, and a bad response to treatment. We planned to assess the impact of childhood ADHD symptoms on OCD adults and the effect of this on clinical characteristics and comorbidities of the disorder.ResultsOur cross-sectional investigation uncovered that 44% of the OCD patients had childhood ADHD symptoms. Patients with childhood ADHD manifestations with at present grown-up ADHD had more elevated amounts of depression, anxiety, and impulsiveness. OCD patients with child ADHD symptoms but not continued symptoms till adulthood versus those without child ADHD symptoms had higher levels of depression, anxiety, and impulsiveness and more severe OCD symptoms.ConclusionADHD in adults with OCD is associated with some features impairing the clinical picture including higher levels of anxiety, depression, and impulsiveness reflecting more chronic illness. A childhood history of ADHD symptoms, even if not continued till adulthood, caused more impulsiveness, more severe OCD symptoms, and more anxiety and depression comorbidity.
Borderline personality disorder: part 1 – assessment and diagnosis
Authors: Garland Jacqueline , Miller Stephen 
Published: January 2020

SUMMARYGeneral adult psychiatrists are largely responsible for the care of patients with personality disorders in community and in-patient settings, and this can be associated with diagnostic and management challenges. In the first of two articles focusing specifically on borderline personality disorder (BPD), we summarise the core clinical features of the disorder and discuss appropriate diagnostic practice.
Treatment Outcomes of Patients With Colorectal Cancer Enrolled in a Comprehensive Benefits Program of the National Insurance System in the Philippines: Data From the Pilot Site
Authors: Ting Frederic Ivan L. , Sacdalan Danielle Benedict L. , Tampo Mayou Martin T. , Apellido Rosielyn T. , Monroy Hermogenes J. , Sacdalan Marie Dione P. , Sacdalan Dennis L. ,   written on behalf of the University of the Philippines, Philippine General Hospital Colorectal Polyp and Cancer Study Group
Published: January 2020

PURPOSE Cancer treatment causes significant financial burden, especially in developing countries such as the Philippines. This led the Philippine Department of Health to create the Z-Package colorectal cancer benefit program, an insurance system specifically designed to treat Filipinos with colorectal cancers with early to locally advanced-stage disease. The main goal of this program is to optimize treatment outcomes for this curable disease without causing financial toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-year data on patients enrolled in the Z-Package colorectal cancer benefit program from 2016 to 2018 were reviewed by the University of the Philippines, Philippine General Hospital Colorectal Polyp and Cancer Study Group. RESULTS A total of 251 patients were enrolled in the Z-package colorectal cancer benefit program from 2016 to 2018. Mean age was 57 years old and a majority of patients (66%) were male. A majority of patients had rectal cancer (78%) and were diagnosed with stage III disease (82%). A majority (75%) were compliant to their treatment plans and clinic follow-up. Specifically, compliance to the prescribed surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation treatment were 90%, 77%, and 96%, respectively. Recurrence, morbidity, and mortality rates of enrolled patients in the Z-Package program from 2016 to 2018 were 17%, 22%, and 19%, respectively. Morbidities were mostly chemotherapy related (8%). Finally, patients in this program had a 2- and 3-year survival probability of 74% and 70%, respectively, which are comparable with data from more developed nations. CONCLUSION Results of this study include real-world data that show that when the highest standards of patient care are provided through a multidisciplinary team, patients’ overall survival is also maximized.
Erythrocytosis and Performance of HbA1c in Detecting Diabetes on an Oxygen-Deficient Plateau: A Population-based Study
Authors: Ren Qian , Lv Xuemei , Yang Lihui , Yue Jun , Luo Yingying , Zhou Lingli , Meng Shuyou , Yang Senlin , Puchi Basang , Zhou Xianghai , Ji Linong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Context
The hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test is a standard test for diabetes screening and diagnosis.

Objective
To evaluate A1c performance for diabetes screening in high-altitude polycythemia compared to a population with a high proportion of people living in an oxygen-deficient environment.

Design
A population-based epidemiological survey was conducted.

Setting
The cities Lhasa and Shigatse were selected. Volunteers were recruited through educational advertisements about diabetes.

Participants
A total of 1401 Tibetan adults without known diabetes.

Interventions
Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), HbA1c, and complete blood cell count were performed. Hemoglobin A1c was evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography, and serum glucose level, using the hexokinase method.

Main Outcome Measures
World Health Organization criteria were used to define diabetes and prediabetes. Hemoglobin A1c test performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Results
The participants’ mean age was 44.3 ± 15.0 years; 33.3% of the participants were men and 38.6% lived in urban areas. The prediabetes and diabetes prevalence rates were 7.5% and 3.6%, respectively. The optimal HbA1c cutoff for detecting diabetes was 46 mmol/mol (6.4%), with a sensitivity and specificity of 60.8% and 93.6%, respectively. The cutoff for detecting diabetes was 6.7% (50 mmol/mol) in subjects with high-altitude polycythemia (HAPC). The relationship between red blood cell (RBC) counts and HbA1c was significant (P &lt; 0.001), while there was no correlation between hemoglobin (Hb) and HbA1c (P = 0.085). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age and fasting serum glucose or 2-hour OGTT (OGTT2h) serum glucose, RBC count and not Hb level was an independent risk factor for HbA1c (β = 0.140, P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
The optimal HbA1c cutoff for detecting diabetes was 46 mmol/mol (6.4%) in Tibet. Red blood cell count was an independent risk factor for elevated HbA1c, and HAPC may affect the predictive ability of HbA1c.
Prophylactic Mastectomy: Postoperative Skin Flap Thickness Evaluated by MRT, Ultrasound and Clinical Examination
Authors: Wiberg Rebecca , Andersson Magnus N. , Svensson Johan , Rosén Anna , Koch Freja , Björkgren Annika , Sund Malin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Women with an increased hereditary risk of breast cancer can undergo prophylactic mastectomy (PM), which provides a significant, but not total, risk reduction. There is an ongoing discussion about how much skin and subcutaneous tissue should be resected to perform an adequate PM while leaving viable skin flaps.

Methods
Forty-five women who had undergone PM were examined with magnetic resonance tomography (MRT), ultrasound (US) and clinical examination (CE) by a plastic surgeon and a general surgeon to estimate skin flap thickness.

Results
The estimated mean skin flap thickness after PM was 13.3 (± 9.6), 7.0 (± 3.3), 6.9 (± 2.8) and 7.4 (± 2.8) mm following MRT, US, and CE performed by a plastic surgeon and a general surgeon, respectively. The mean difference in estimated skin flap thickness was significant between MRT and the other measuring methods, while there was no significant difference between US and CE, nor between CE performed by the surgeons. The mean skin flap thickness was significantly affected by the age at PM. Following PM, necrosis was detected in 7/23 (30.4%) of the breasts in skin flaps ≤ 5 mm and in 5/46 (10.9%) of the breasts in skin flaps > 5 mm (OR 6.29; CI 1.20–32.94; p = 0.03).

Conclusion
The odds of getting postoperative necrosis was > 6 times higher in skin flaps ≤ 5 mm. Thus, if the degree of remaining glandular tissue is acceptably low, it is desirable to create skin flaps thicker than 5 mm to prevent wound healing problems after the PM procedure.
Effect of tilt on circular zone plate performance
Authors: Ali Sajid , Jacobsen Chris 
Published: January 2020

Fresnel zone plates are frequently used as focusing and imaging optics
in x-ray microscopy, as they provide the ease of use of normal
incidence optics. We consider here the effects of tilt misalignment on
their optical performance, both in the thin optics limit and in the
case of zone plates that are sufficiently thick so that volume
diffraction effects come into play. Using multislice propagation, we
show that simple analytical models describe the tilt sensitivity of
thin zone plates and the thickness at which volume diffraction must be
considered, and examine numerically the performance of example zone
plates for soft x-ray focusing at 0.5 keV and hard x-ray focusing at
10 keV.
Planar optical waveguide-based dimethylamine sensor with cresol red/TiO2 composite thin film
Authors: Kari Nuerguli , Wang Lili , Nizamidin Patima , Abliz Shawket , Yimit Abliz 
Published: January 2020

A planar optical glass-slide-based dimethylamine (DMA) sensor was fabricated with composite thin film of cresol red and titanium dioxide as the sensing layer and tin-diffused planar glass slide as the substrate. The UV-visible spectrum before and after analyte exposure was investigated to detect the color transformation of sensing layer and to select a laser light source wavelength (532 nm). DMA detection response along with time were performed on an optical waveguide system at room temperature. Experimental results show that this sensing film had not only fast response (6 s) but also rapid recovery (21 s) (

0.004

m
g

/

m

3

). Besides, detection is available for DMA solution as low as

0.0008

m
g

/

m

3

concentration with signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) 5.29. The sensing film is stable for one month at ambient temperature, and the response reaction is reversible.
Chirped anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide for the distributed sensing of pressure
Authors: Gao Ran , Zhang Qi , Xin Xiangjun , Tian Qinghua , Tian Feng 
Published: January 2020

A chirped anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW) for the simultaneous measurement of pressure intensity and spatial localization has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated. An etched chirped ARROW was fabricated, which shows a chirped spectral characteristic. Additionally, an in-line Mach–Zehnder interferometer is also formed with the core mode and higher-order modes. The pressure intensity and the spatial localization can be detected by interrogating the wavelength shift of the in-line Mach–Zehnder interferometer and the chirped ARROW, respectively. The experimental results show that the pressure sensitivity of

−

4.42

n
m

/

M
P
a

and the spatial sensitivity of 0.86 nm/cm can be achieved. The proposed fiber optic sensor can be used for multipoint pressure detection in the fields of security, structure monitoring, and oil exploration, etc.
Graphene mode-locked operation of Tm3+:YLiF4 and Tm3+:KY3F10 lasers near 2.3  µm
Authors: Muti Abdullah , Canbaz Ferda , Tonelli Mauro , Eun Bae Ji , Rotermund Fabian , Petrov Valentin , Sennaroglu Alphan 
Published: January 2020

We report experimental demonstration of graphene mode-locked operation of

T
m

3
+

:

Y
L
i
F

4

(YLF) and

T
m

3
+

:

K
Y

3

F

10

(KYF) lasers near 2.3 µm. To scale up the intracavity pulse energy, the cavity was extended, and double-end pumping was employed with a continuous-wave, tunable

T
i

3
+

:

s
a
p
p
h
i
r
e

laser delivering up to 1 W near 780 nm. The extended

T
m

3
+

:

K
Y
F

laser cavity was purged with dry nitrogen to eliminate pulsing instabilities due to atmospheric absorption lines, but this was not needed in the case of the

T
m

3
+

:

Y
L
F

laser. Once initiated by graphene, stable uninterrupted mode-locked operation could be maintained with both lasers. With the extended cavity

T
m

3
+

:

Y
L
F

laser, 921 fs pulses were generated at a repetition rate of 17.2 MHz at 2304 nm. 739 fs pulses were obtained at the repetition rate of 54 MHz from the

T
m

3
+

:

K
Y
F

laser at 2340 nm. The corresponding pulse energy and peak power were 2.4 nJ and 2.6 kW for the

T
m

3
+

:

Y
L
F

laser, and 1.2 nJ and 1.6 kW for the

T
m

3
+

:

K
Y
F

laser. We foresee that it should be possible to generate shorter pulses at higher pump levels.
Generation of 14.0  W of single-frequency light at 770  nm by intracavity frequency doubling
Authors: Kwon Minho , Yang Peiyu , Huft Preston , Young Christopher , Ebert Matthew , Saffman Mark 
Published: January 2020

We present a continuous, narrow-linewidth, tunable laser system that outputs up to 14.0 W at 770 nm. The light is generated by frequency doubling 18.8 W of light from a 1540 nm fiber amplifier that is seeded by a single-mode diode laser achieving

>

74

%

conversion efficiency. We utilize a lithium triborate crystal in an enhancement ring cavity. The low intensity noise and narrow linewidth of the 770 nm output are suitable for cold atom experiments.
Waveguide-integrated three-dimensional quasi-phase-matching structures
Authors: Imbrock Jörg , Wesemann Lukas , Kroesen Sebastian , Ayoub Mousa , Denz Cornelia 
Published: January 2020

Nonlinear photonic structures with a modulated second-order nonlinearity are used widely for quasi-phase-matched parametric processes. Creating three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear photonic structures is promising but still challenging, since standard poling methods are limited to two-dimensional structures. Light-induced quasi-phase matching (QPM) can overcome this issue by a depletion of the second-order nonlinearity with focused femtosecond laser pulses. We report, to the best of our knowledge, the first integration of a 3D QPM structure in the core of a lithium niobate waveguide applying light-induced fabrication. Depressed-cladding waveguides and embedded QPM structures are fabricated by femtosecond laser lithography. The 3D capability is exploited by splitting the QPM gratings in the waveguide core into two or four parts, respectively. These monolithic nonlinear waveguides feature parallel multi-wavelength frequency conversion. Finally, we demonstrate a concept for second-harmonic beam shaping taking advantage of a helically twisted nonlinear structure. Our results open new avenues for creating highly efficient advanced QPM devices.
Conservation of Subfossil Bones from a Lacustrine Setting: Uncontrolled and Controlled Drying of Late Quaternary Vertebrate Remains from Cold Lake, Western Canada
Authors: Barrón-Ortiz Christina I. , Sawchuk Matthew R. , Li Carmen , Jass Christopher N. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Water-saturated vertebrate remains (e.g., bone, antler, and ivory) are particularly challenging to stabilize for long-term storage, research, and analysis. These types of specimens are sensitive to damage caused by water loss, which frequently results in delamination, twisting, and cracking. The recovery of late Quaternary vertebrate remains from underwater areas of Cold Lake, western Canada, prompted us to conduct a series of analyses to better understand the preservation of the remains and their susceptibility to damage, and to test different conservation techniques to achieve successful drying. X-ray fluorescence analysis of a sample of specimens revealed that the remains have particularly high iron concentrations, a condition that might have contributed to weaken their structure, further compromising their integrity when drying. Additionally, we found that certain bone elements, such as long bones, are more susceptible to severe surface delamination than others, and as a result these specimens should be monitored more closely during their treatment. Of the four drying methods we tested, controlled air-drying produced the best results, followed by solvent-drying. In contrast, vacuum freeze-drying and vacuum freeze-drying with 20% v/v Acrysol WS-24 in water, an acrylic dispersion, while rapid, resulted in differing degrees of delamination and cracking.
Mining an "anti-knowledge base" from Wikipedia updates with applications to fact checking and beyond
Authors: Karagiannis Georgios , Trummer Immanuel , Jo Saehan , Khandelwal Shubham , Wang Xuezhi , Yu Cong 
Published: January 2020

We introduce the problem of anti-knowledge mining. Our goal is to create an "anti-knowledge base" that contains factual mistakes. The resulting data can be used for analysis, training, and benchmarking in the research domain of automated fact checking. Prior data sets feature manually generated fact checks of famous misclaims. Instead, we focus on the long tail of factual mistakes made by Web authors, ranging from erroneous sports results to incorrect capitals.We mine mistakes automatically, by an unsupervised approach, from Wikipedia updates that correct factual mistakes. Identifying such updates (only a small fraction of the total number of updates) is one of the primary challenges. We mine anti-knowledge by a multi-step pipeline. First, we filter out candidate updates via several simple heuristics. Next, we correlate Wikipedia updates with other statements made on the Web. Using claim occurrence frequencies as input to a probabilistic model, we infer the likelihood of corrections via an iterative expectation-maximization approach. Finally, we extract mistakes in the form of subject-predicate-object triples and rank them according to several criteria. Our end result is a data set containing over 110,000 ranked mistakes with a precision of 85% in the top 1% and a precision of over 60% in the top 25%. We demonstrate that baselines achieve significantly lower precision. Also, we exploit our data to verify several hypothesis on why users make mistakes. We finally show that the AKB can be used to find mistakes on the entire Web.
Atmospheric refractivity estimation from AIS signal power using the quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: Tang Wenlong , Cha Hao , Wei Min , Tian Bin , Ren Xichuang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes a new refractivity profile estimation method based on the use of AIS signal power and quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) algorithm to solve the inverse problem. Automatic identification system (AIS) is a maritime navigation safety communication system that operates in the very high frequency mobile band and was developed primarily for collision avoidance. Since AIS is a one-way communication system which does not need to consider the target echo signal, it can estimate the atmospheric refractivity profile more accurately. Estimating atmospheric refractivity profiles from AIS signal power is a complex nonlinear optimization problem, the QPSO algorithm is adopted to search for the optimal solution from various refractivity parameters, and the inversion results are compared with those of the particle swarm optimization algorithm to validate the superiority of the QPSO algorithm. In order to test the anti-noise ability of the QPSO algorithm, the synthetic AIS signal power with different Gaussian noise levels is utilized to invert the surface-based duct. Simulation results indicate that the QPSO algorithm can invert the surface-based duct using AIS signal power accurately, which verify the feasibility of the new atmospheric refractivity estimation method based on the automatic identification system.
Effect of pouring temperature on cast Al/SiCp and Al/TiB2 metal matrix composites
Authors: Rajaravi C. , Gobalakrishnan B. , Lakshminarayanan P. R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe effect of pouring temperatures of an ex situ (Al/SiCp) and in situ (Al/TiB2) metal matrix composites (MMCs) synthesized using stir casting method were studied. The Al/SiCp composite were fabricated by mixing of 6wt.% of SiCp into cast A356 aluminium alloy melt and poured at diverse pouring temperatures (730∘C, 750∘C and 770∘C). The Al/TiB2 MMCs were obtained by melting A356 aluminium alloy and mixing of KBF4 and K2TiF6 precursor salts whose stoichiometric ratio composition corresponds to 6wt.% of TiB2 reinforcement and other parameters were constant (stirring speed 300 RPM and holding time 30 minutes). The composite melt was poured into the permanent mould with varied pouring temperatures (800∘C, 820∘C and 840∘C). Coarser and homogenous SiC particles were presented in the Al/SiCp MMCs, whereas, finer and uniformly distributed TiB2 particles were appeared at the MMCs of Al/TiB2. The mechanical properties viz. tensile strength, fracture toughness and hardness of Al/SiCp and Al/TiB2 MMCs were experimentally determined as per the ASTM standards and compared. Higher tensile and fracture strength were occurred at the MMCs of Al/TiB2 as compared to Al/SiCp MMCs and base alloy of aluminium as well. Maximum hardness was attained at the pouring temperatures of 820∘C and 750∘C in the MMCs of Al/ TiB2 and Al/SiCp, respectively.