bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Social Value of Improvement in Activities of Daily Living among the Advanced Parkinson’s Disease Population
Authors: Sullivan Jeffrey , Shih Tiffany M. , van Eijndhoven Emma , Jalundhwala Yash J. , Lakdawalla Darius N. , Zadikoff Cindy , Benner Jennifer , Marshall Thomas S. , Sail Kavita R. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Quantify the value of functional status (FS) improvements consistent in magnitude with improvements due to levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) treatment, among the advanced Parkinson’s disease (APD) population.

Methods
The Health Economic Medical Innovation Simulation (THEMIS), a microsimulation that estimates future health conditions and medical spending, was used to quantify the health and cost burden of disability among the APD population, and the value of quality-adjusted life-years gained from FS improvement due to LCIG treatment compared to standard of care (SoC). A US-representative Parkinson’s disease (PD)-comparable cohort was constructed in THEMIS based on observed PD patient characteristics in a nationally representative dataset. APD was defined from the literature and clinical expert input. The PD and APD cohorts were followed from 2010 over their remaining lifetimes. All individuals were ages 65 and over at the start of the simulation. To estimate the value of FS improvement due to LCIG treatment, decreases in activities of daily living (ADL) limitations caused by LCIG treatment were calculated using data from a randomized, controlled, double-blind, double-dummy clinical trial and applied to the APD population in THEMIS.

Results
Total burden of disability associated with APD was $17.7 billion (B). From clinical trial data, LCIG treatment versus SoC lowers the odds of difficulties in walking, dressing, and bathing by 76%, 42% and 39%, respectively. Among the APD population, these reductions generated $2.6B in value to patients and cost savings to payers. The added value was 15% of the burden of disability associated with APD and offsets 15% of the cost of LCIG treatment.

Conclusions
FS improvements, consistent with improvements due to LCIG treatment, in the APD population created health benefits and reduced healthcare costs in the US.
Modeling of Landslide susceptibility in a part of Abay Basin, northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Wubalem Azemeraw 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe study area in northwestern Ethiopia is one of the most landslide-prone regions, which is characterized by frequent high landslide occurrences. To predict future landslide occurrence, preparing a landslide susceptibility mapping is imperative to manage the landslide hazard and reduce damages of properties and loss of lives. Geographic information system (GIS)-based frequency ratio (FR), information value (IV), certainty factor (CF), and logistic regression (LR) methods were applied. The landslide inventory map is prepared from historical records and Google Earth imagery interpretation. Thus, 717 landslides were mapped, of which 502 (70%) landslides were used to build landslide susceptibility models, and the remaining 215 (30%) landslides were used to model validation. Eleven factors such as lithology, land use/cover, distance to drainage, distance to lineament, normalized difference vegetation index, drainage density, rainfall, soil type, slope, aspect, and curvature were evaluated and their relationship with landslide occurrence was analyzed using the GIS tool. Then, landslide susceptibility maps of the study area are categorized into very low, low, moderate, high, and very high susceptibility classes. The four models were validated by the area under the curve (AUC) and landslide density. The results for the AUC are 93.9% for the CF model, which is better than 93.2% using IV, 92.7% using the FR model, and 87.9% using the LR model. Moreover, the statistical significance test between the models was performed using LR analysis by SPSS software. The result showed that the LR and CF models have higher statistical significance than the FR and IV methods. Although all statistical models indicated higher prediction accuracy, based on their statistical significance analysis result (Table 5), the LR model is relatively better followed by the CF model for regional land use planning, landslide hazard mitigation, and prevention purposes.
Super-resolution reconstruction of a digital elevation model based on a deep residual network
Authors: Jiao Donglai , Wang Dajiang , Lv Haiyang , Peng Yang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The digital elevation model (DEM) is an important basic data tool applied in geoscience applications. Because of its high cost and long development cycle of enhancing hardware performance, designing the related models and algorithms to improve the resolution of DEM is of considerable significance. At present, there is little research on DEM super-resolution based on deep learning, and the results of the reconstructed DEMs obtained by existing methods are inaccurate. Therefore, deepening of the network layers is utilized to improve the accuracy of a reconstructed DEM. This paper designs a neutral network model with 30 convolutional layers to learn the feature mapping relationship between a low- and high-resolution DEM. To avoid the problem of network degradation caused by increasing the number of convolutional layers, residual learning is introduced to accelerate the convergence speed of the model, thereby preferably realizing the DEM super-resolution process. The results show that DEM super-resolution based on a deep residual network is better than that obtained using a neural network with fewer convolutional layers, and the reconstructed result of the DEM based on a deep residual network is remarkably improved in terms of the peak signal to noise ratio and visual effect.
Efficacy of chitosan silver nanoparticles from shrimp-shell wastes against major mosquito vectors of public health importance
Authors: Alshehri Mohammed Ali , Aziz Al Thabiani , Trivedi Subrata , Panneerselvam Chellasamy 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMosquito-borne diseases are causing serious damage to public health worldwide, and control of these deadly mosquito vectors is a major thrust area for epidemiologists and public health workers. Therefore, the present research reports an eco-friendly solution with multipotency of silver nanoparticle fabricated from shrimp shell biowaste in controlling mosquitoes and bacterial pathogens. The biofabricated chitosan silver nanoparticles (Cs-AgNPs) were confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and zeta potential analysis. The TEM studies showed that the obtained Cs-AgNPs were mostly spherical in shape. Low doses of chitosan and Cs-AgNPs showed high mosquitocidal properties against both larvae and adult ofAnopheles stephensi,Aedes aegypti, andCulex quinquefasciatus.The LC50(lethal concentration 50%) of Cs-AgNPs was 10.240 ppm (fourth instar larvae) and 9.671 ppm (adult) forAn. stephensi; 11.349 ppm (fourth instar) and 12.015 ppm (adult) forAe. aegyptiand 12.426 ppm (fourth instar) and 12.965 ppm (adult) forCx. quinquefasciatus.The concerning part of antibacterial studies showed that Cs-AgNP had significant inhibition on tested bacterial pathogens. Overall, this study shows that chitosan extracted from the shrimp shell wastes can be used as a potential source for controlling major mosquito vectors.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Benzodioxole Derivatives as Potential Anticancer and Antioxidant agents
Authors: Hawash Mohammed , Eid Ahmad M , Jaradat Nidal , Abualhasan Murad , Amer Johnny , Naser Zaid Abdel , Draghmeh Saja , Daraghmeh Donia , Daraghmeh Haifa , Shtayeh Tahrir , Sawaftah Hadeel , Mousa Ahmed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
a series of benzodioxole compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against cervical (Hela), colorectal (Caco-2), and liver (Hep3B) cancer cell lines. Compounds 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a and 7b showed very weak or negligible anticancer activity with IC50 3.94-9.12 mM. On the contrary, carboxamide containing compounds 2a and 2b showed anticancer activity. Both 2a and 2b reduced Hep3B secretions of α-fetoprotein (α-FP) to 1625.8 ng/ml and 2340 ng/ml, respectively, compared to 2519.17 ng/ml in untreated cells. The results also showed that compound 2a has potent anticancer activity against Hep3B cancer cell line. Furthermore, in cell cycle analysis, compound 2a induced arrest in the G2-M phase in value of 8.07% that was very close to the activity of doxorubicin (7.4%). These results indicate that compound 2a has a potent and promising antitumor activity. However, benzodiazepine derivatives (7a and 7b) showed moderate antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 39.85 and 79.95 μM, respectively compared with the potent antioxidant agent Trolox (IC50 = 7.72 μM).
The exploitation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed and other parts for human nutrition, medicine and the industry
Authors: Rauf Saeed , Ortiz Rodomiro , Shehzad Muhammad , Haider Waseem , Ahmed Israr 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Sunflower is cultivated around the globe to meet various nutritional, medicinal and industrial needs. The seed is a rich source of edible oil, protein, vitamins, antioxidants and other micronutrients. It is considered a source of healthy diets and has been recommended to improve the human immune system as well as to cure various chronic diseases. Sunflower seed oil contained polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid), tocopherols and phytosterols, which tends to lower low-density lipid and improve immunity against various human diseases. Its seed and plants parts have been directly exploited as a source of herbal medicine. Methanolic extract of seed and other parts contained diterpene, carboxylic acid, aldehyde, steroid, polyphenol, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, trans-caffeic acid, coumaric acid, nicotinic acid, allelochemical and other aromatic compounds, which may help to cure several chronic human diseases without side effects as mentioned in this review. Future research should be carried out to fully exploit the usefulness of this plant against epidemic outbreaks.
Artificial neural networks modelling based on visual analysis of coated cross laminated timber (CLT) to predict color change during outdoor exposure
Authors: Bobadilha Gabrielly S. , Stokes C. Elizabeth , Verly Lopes Dercilio Junior 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) model was designed to predict color change based on visual assessment of coated cross laminated timber (CLT) exposed outdoors. Coatings and stains were investigated based on ASTM protocols to assess wood surface visual rating, against checking, flaking, erosion, and mildew growth in the State of Mississippi (USA) during one year (2019–2020). It was hypothesized that accurate ratings would promote precise color prediction by the ANN model. Visual assessment inputs were used to develop the model for predicting total color change (ΔE). The training and validation splits of the network were based on a 10-fold cross-validation technique, and the ANN model performance was assessed on the validation set using mean squared error (MSE), mean average precision (MAE), and coefficient of determination (R
2) after permutation feature importance analysis (PFI). Results indicated that coating was the most important feature in color change model. Erosion, checking and flaking achieved similar importance with an approximate difference of 6%. The ANN model was able to effectively predict color change values based on visual ratings with overall accuracy of 95% on truly unseen data. These findings revealed that coating properties, visual appearance, time of exposure, are associated with discoloration. Accurate visual assessment and a well-trained ANN can successfully provide the desired values of ΔE with a smaller number of complex test procedures.
Targeting spectrin redox switches to regulate the mechanoproperties of red blood cells
Authors: Barbarino Frederik , Wäschenbach Lucas , Cavalho-Lemos Virginia , Dillenberger Melissa , Becker Katja , Gohlke Holger , Cortese-Krott Miriam M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The mechanical properties of red blood cells (RBCs) are fundamental for their physiological role as gas transporters. RBC flexibility and elasticity allow them to survive the hemodynamic changes in the different regions of the vascular tree, to dynamically contribute to the flow thereby decreasing vascular resistance, and to deform during the passage through narrower vessels. RBC mechanoproperties are conferred mainly by the structural characteristics of their cytoskeleton, which consists predominantly of a spectrin scaffold connected to the membrane via nodes of actin, ankyrin and adducin. Changes in redox state and treatment with thiol-targeting molecules decrease the deformability of RBCs and affect the structure and stability of the spectrin cytoskeleton, indicating that the spectrin cytoskeleton may contain redox switches. In this perspective review, we revise current knowledge about the structural and functional characterization of spectrin cysteine redox switches and discuss the current lines of research aiming to understand the role of redox regulation on RBC mechanical properties. These studies may provide novel functional targets to modulate RBC function, blood viscosity and flow, and tissue perfusion in disease conditions.
Decreased level of miR-1301 promotes colorectal cancer progression via activation of STAT3 pathway
Authors: Yang Fangfang , Wang Hua , Yan Bianbian , Li Tong , Min Lulu , Chen Erfei , Yang Jin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The molecular pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been widely investigated in recent years. Accumulating evidence has indicated that microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation participates in the processes of driving CRC initiation and progression. Aberrant expression of miR-1301 has been found in various tumor types. However, its role in CRC remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we identified miR-1301 was enriched in normal colorectal tissues and significantly down-regulated in CRC. Decreased level of miR-1301 strongly correlated with aggressive pathological characteristics, including advanced stage and metastasis. Bioinformatics and dual luciferase assay demonstrated that STAT3 is a direct target of miR-1301. Gain and loss-of-function assays showed that miR-1301 had no effect on cell proliferation. Overexpression of miR-1301 suppressed cell migration and invasion capacity of pSTAT3-positive LoVo cells, but not pSTAT3-negative SW480 cells, while inhibition of miR-1301 consistently promoted cell migration and invasion in both cell lines. Additionally, miR-1301 inhibition restored the suppressed migration and invasion of STAT3-knockdown LoVo cells. MiR-1301 functioned as a tumor suppressor to modulate the IL6/STAT3 signaling pathway. In summary, this study highlights the significant role of miR-1301/STAT3 axis in CRC metastasis.
Regulation of RNA stability at the 3′ end
Authors: Frederick Mallory I. , Heinemann Ilka U. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
RNA homeostasis is regulated by a multitude of cellular pathways. Although the addition of untemplated adenine residues to the 3′ end of mRNAs has long been known to affect RNA stability, newly developed techniques for 3′-end sequencing of RNAs have revealed various unexpected RNA modifications. Among these, uridylation is most recognized for its role in mRNA decay but is also a key regulator of numerous RNA species, including miRNAs and tRNAs, with dual roles in both stability and maturation of miRNAs. Additionally, low levels of untemplated guanidine and cytidine residues have been observed as parts of more complex tailing patterns.
Konkurrenzbeziehungen: Allgemeine und konfessionelle Kunstvereine im Kunstfeld des 19. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Karstein Uta 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article compares secular and faith-based art societies in the 19th century. Of special interest are the societies’ missions and purposes, as well as their activities and organizational structures. The main thesis is based on the work of German sociologist Georg Simmel and his conflict theory. I argue that the competition of these societies had invigorating effects on the field of art and its institutionalization in the course of the 19th century.
The effects of reaction parameters on the non-enzymatic browning reaction between l-ascorbic acid and glycine
Authors: Yang Yan , Li Ya , Feng Liang , Yu Ai-Nong , Sun Bao-Guo , Liu Yu-Ping 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The non-enzymatic browning (NEB) reaction between l-ascorbic acid (ASA) and glycine (Gly), including the effects of temperature (110–150 °C), time (10–150 min) and pH (4.5, 6.8, 8.0 and 9.5) on the formation of un-colored intermediate products (UIPs), browning products (BPs) and volatile products (VPs), were investigated. The results showed that pH had a remarkable effect on the reaction. The characteristics of zero-order kinetics for the formation of UIPs and BPs were discussed, and the corresponding activation energy (E

a
) was also calculated. When the pH was 4.5, the E

a
for the formation of UIPs was approximate 53.76 kJ/mol and less than that at other pH values; while the E

a
for BPs formation was approximate 94.06 kJ/mol and much higher than that at other pH values. The results suggested that an acidic environment facilitated the generation of UIPs, but did not remarkably promote the formation of BPs. The possible reaction pathway between ASA and Gly was proposed according to the experimental results.
Investigation of nitrogen purging prior to UV treatment on quality of milk
Authors: Ansari Jawaad Ahmed , Ismail Marliya , Farid Mohammed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Ultraviolet treatment (UV-C) is well known for its antimicrobial effects and current research shows that it has the potential to inactivate microorganisms in milk at much lower temperatures than conventional thermal treatment. However, Ultraviolet irradiation may result in adverse effects on milk quality, which arises due to photo oxidation in the presence of oxygen. Limiting the dissolved oxygen content in milk can minimize oxidative damage and thus, result in a better product quality. Nitrogen purging could be an effective method for reducing dissolved oxygen from liquids. The present study evaluates effects of nitrogen purging (prior to UV treatment) on milk quality. It was found that nitrogen purged UV treated milk causes minimal changes to physicochemical properties of milk.
“Hey BCC this is Australia and we speak and read English:” Monolingualism and othering in relation to linguistic diversity
Authors: Sinkeviciute Valeria 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper explores how linguistic diversity gave rise to a multi-party interaction with strong elements of monolingualism and othering. The data analyzed comes from the official Facebook page of Brisbane City Council that very rarely creates posts in languages other than English. One of such rare posts in Korean attracted a number of negative comments in relation to the language used. This paper examines how the discourses of monolingualism and othering are constructed in those comments. The findings of this qualitative study show that, in the analyzed data, monolingualism is primarily indexed through the following discourses: “English only”, English as the language of Australia, English as a national identity and monolingual beliefs, in general. Othering includes such practices as predominantly engaging in the “us vs them” discourse, positioning the non-dominant language and its speakers as the different ‘other’, ascribing negative identity and using impoliteness practices, such as challenges, warnings or accusations.
Concordancing in writing pedagogy and CAF measures of writing
Authors: Samoudi Negin , Modirkhamene Sima 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Since the early twenty-first century, data-driven learning (DDL) approach that is a pedagogical application of corpus linguistics in classroom, has introduced a paradigm shift in EFL instruction. Research output, however, concerning this inductive, discovery-oriented learning is equivocal. This study, thus, explored the application of both native-speaker and local learner corpora, attesting the effect of direct vs. indirect DDL activities on 39 EFL learners’ development in CAF measures of writing. To this end, two experimental groups were taught through corpus consultation, but the control group received the conventional method of using a textbook, teacher explanations, and classroom exercises. Results obtained from three (two experimental and one control) groups of participants’ writing performances pre and post to seven sessions of paragraph writing confirmed the significant role of indirect DDL in writing more accurate and fluent paragraphs; however, no statistical evidence was found as regards syntactic complexity. Moreover, no significant effect of the direct DDL method in improving learners’ writing was observed, which is, thus, interpreted as suggestive that applying indirect DDL could be more effective than the direct DDL approach. It is concluded that classroom-based computers are not necessarily essential tools to implement the DDL pedagogy.
Commuting graph of 𝐴-orbits
Authors: Güloğlu İsmail Ş. , Ercan Gülin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Let 𝐴 be a finite group acting by automorphisms on the finite group 𝐺.
We introduce the commuting graph

Γ
⁢

(
G
,
A
)

\Gamma(G,A)

of this action and study some questions related to the structure of 𝐺 under certain graph theoretical conditions on

Γ
⁢

(
G
,
A
)

\Gamma(G,A)

.
Reviving the genitive. Prescription and practice in the Netherlands (1770–1840)
Authors: Krogull Andreas , Rutten Gijsbert 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Historical metalinguistic discourse is known to often prescribe linguistic variants that are not very frequent in actual language use, and to proscribe frequent variants. Infrequent variants that are promoted through prescription can be innovations, but they can also be conservative forms that have already largely vanished from the spoken language and are now also disappearing in writing. An extreme case in point is the genitive case in Dutch. This has been in decline in usage from at least the thirteenth century onwards, gradually giving way to analytical alternatives such as prepositional phrases. In the grammatical tradition, however, a preference for the genitive case was maintained for centuries. When ‘standard’ Dutch is officially codified in 1805 in the context of a national language policy, the genitive case is again strongly preferred, still aiming to ‘revive’ the synthetic forms. The striking discrepancy between metalinguistic discourse on the one hand, and developments in language use on the other, make the genitive case in Dutch an interesting case for historical sociolinguistics. In this paper, we tackle various issues raised by the research literature, such as the importance of genre differences as well as variation within particular genres, through a detailed corpus-based analysis of the influence of prescription on language practices in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Dutch.