bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paraffin/graphene sponge composite as a shape-stabilized phase change material for thermal energy storage
Authors: Li Pengyang , Chen Qiang , Peng Qingyu , He Xiaodong 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to study the synergistic effect of graphene sponge on the thermal properties and shape stability of composite phase change material (PCM).

Design/methodology/approach
Graphene oxide sponge is first prepared from an aqueous solution of graphene oxide by freeze-drying method. The oxidized graphene sponge is reduced by hydrazine hydrate. Finally, use vacuum impregnation method to introduce paraffin into graphene sponge to prepare composite PCM.

Findings
Graphene sponge is used to improve the shape stability of paraffin wax and improves the thermal conductivity and latent heat of the composite PCM. The thermal conductivity increases by 200 per cent and the composite PCM has excellent reliability in 100 melt-freezing cycles.

Research limitations/implications
A simple way for fabricating composite PCM with high thermal conductivity and latent heat which has the potential to be used as thermal storage materials without container encapsulation has been developed by using graphene sponge and paraffin.

Originality/value
The materials and preparation methods with special structure and properties in this paper provide a new idea for the research of PCM, which can be widely used in the fields of energy conversion and storage.
Controlling outsourced management accounting to build legitimacy
Authors: Lepistö Sinikka , Dobroszek Justyna , Lepistö Lauri , Zarzycka Ewelina 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to explore controls within an inter-organisational relationship involving outsourced management accounting services from the contractor’s perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
Qualitative data from within the relationship are analysed in a legitimacy-theory framework, illustrating how controls within the relationship are intended to build the contractor’s legitimacy and what kinds of implications the controls have in relation to conflicts between interests inherent in the relationship.

Findings
The legitimacy perspective clarifies that while controls are aimed at ensuring efficiency for the client, they may also provide symbolic displays of the appropriateness of the contractor’s actions both at an inter-organisational level for the client and at an individual level for the contractor’s employees. While the contractor intends to build legitimacy with the client by demonstrating utility in the form of efficiency, the process also gives the client influence and allows the disposition in terms of shared values to be demonstrated. However, this process has some negative consequences for the contractor’s employees as it is insufficient for serving the boundary-spanning employees’ interests connected with the nature of their work. Hence, the same controls need to yield benefits and fair outcomes for employees. The controls simultaneously foster interconnections that contribute to permanence and formalise the outsourcing of complex services, thereby rendering such processes comprehensible and transferable to other settings, which can be seen to serve the contractor’s continuity interests.

Originality/value
The paper contributes to academic research by illustrating how controls within inter-organisational relationships not only steer boundary-spanners’ work to conform to a client’s needs but may also help to build legitimacy via symbolic properties in the presence of conflicting interests at both an inter-organisational and individual level. It specifically highlights the important role of boundary-spanners lower in the organisational structure, who both affect and are influenced by the intentions to build legitimacy with the client.
Does analyst forecast dispersion represent investors’ perceived uncertainty toward earnings?
Authors: Wang Jundong (Jeff) 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the association between analyst forecast dispersion and investors’ perceived uncertainty toward earnings.Design/methodology/approachA new measure for investors’ expectations of earnings announcement uncertainty is constructed, using changes in implied volatility of option contracts prior to earnings announcements. Unlike other proxies of uncertainty, this measure isolates the incremental uncertainty regarding the upcoming earnings announcement and is a forward-looking measure.FindingsUsing this new proxy, this paper finds a significant negative correlation between analyst forecast dispersion and investors’ uncertainty regarding the upcoming earnings announcements. Further tests show that this negative correlation is driven by analysts’ private information acquisition rather than analysts; uncertainty toward upcoming earnings announcements. Additional cross-sectional tests show that this negative relationship is more pronounced in the subsample with lower earnings quality.Social implicationsThis paper helps to further the understanding of the information content of analyst forecast dispersion, particularly the ways in which they gather and produce private information and their incentives for so doing.Originality/valueThis paper introduces a new market-based and forward-looking proxy of earnings announcement uncertainty that should be useful in future research. This paper also provides original empirical evidence that analysts gather and produce an additional private information to the market when facing noisy signals and that their information reduces investors’ uncertainty toward upcoming earnings announcements.
Territory acquisition mediates the influence of predators and climate on juvenile red squirrel survival
Authors: Hendrix Jack G. , Fisher David N. , Martinig April Robin , Boutin Stan , Dantzer Ben , Lane Jeffrey E. , McAdam Andrew G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractJuvenile survival to first breeding is a key life‐history stage for all taxa. Survival through this period can be particularly challenging when it coincides with harsh environmental conditions such as a winter climate or food scarcity, leading to highly variable cohort survival. However, the small size and dispersive nature of juveniles generally make studying their survival more difficult.In territorial species, a key life‐history event is the acquisition of a territory. A territory is expected to enhance survival, but how it does so is not often identified. We tested how the timing of territory acquisition influenced the winter survival of juvenile North American red squirrelsTamiasciurus hudsonicus, hereafter red squirrels, and how the timing of this event mediated the sources of mortality. We hypothesized that securing a territory prior to when food resources become available would reduce juvenile susceptibility to predation and climatic factors overwinter.Using 27 years of data on the survival of individually marked juvenile red squirrels, we tested how the timing of territory acquisition influenced survival, whether the population density of red squirrel predators and mean temperature overwinter were related to individual survival probability, and if territory ownership mediated these effects.Juvenile red squirrel survival was lower in the years of high predator abundance and in colder winters. Autumn territory owners were less susceptible to lynxLynx canadensisand possibly mustelidMustelaandMartesspp., predation. Autumn territory owners had lower survival in colder winters, but surprisingly non‐owners had higher survival in cold winters.Our results show how the timing of a life‐history event like territory acquisition can directly affect survival and also mediate the effects of biotic and abiotic factors later in life. This engenders a better understanding of the fitness consequences of the timing of key life‐history events.
Can multi‐taxa diversity in European beech forest landscapes be increased by combining different management systems?
Authors: Schall Peter , Heinrichs Steffi , Ammer Christian , Ayasse Manfred , Boch Steffen , Buscot François , Fischer Markus , Goldmann Kezia , Overmann Jörg , Schulze Ernst‐Detlef , Sikorski Johannes , Weisser Wolfgang W. , Wubet Tesfaye , Gossner Martin M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Forest management greatly influences biodiversity across spatial scales. At the landscape scale, combining management systems that create different stand properties might promote biodiversity due to complementary species assemblages. In European beech forests, nature conservation and policy advocate a mixture of unmanaged (UNM) forests and uneven‐aged (UEA) forests managed at fine spatial grain at the expense of traditionally managed even‐aged shelterwood forests (EA). Evidence that such a landscape composition enhances forest biodiversity is still missing.

We studied the biodiversity (species richness 0D, Shannon diversity 1D, Simpson diversity 2D) of 14 taxonomic groups from bacteria to vertebrates in ‘virtual’ beech forest landscapes composed of varying shares of EA, UEA and UNM and investigated how γ‐diversity responds to landscape composition. Groups were sampled in the largest contiguous beech forest in Germany, where EA and UEA management date back nearly two centuries, while management was abandoned 20–70 years ago (UNM). We used a novel resampling approach that created all compositional combinations of management systems.

Pure EA landscapes preserved a maximum of 97.5% γ‐multidiversity (0D, 1D) across all taxa. Pure and mixed UEA/UNM landscapes reduced γ‐multidiversity by up to 12.8% (1D). This effect was consistent for forest specialists (1D: −15.3%). We found only weak complementarity among management systems.

Landscape composition significantly affected γ‐diversity of 6–9 individual taxa, depending on the weighting of species frequencies with strongest responses for spiders, beetles, vascular plants and birds. Most showed maximum diversity in pure EA landscapes. Birds benefited from UNM in EA‐dominated landscapes. Deadwood fungi showed highest diversity in UNM.

Synthesis and applications. Our study shows that combining fine‐grained forest management and management abandonment at the landscape scale will reduce, rather than enhance, regional forest biodiversity. We found an even‐aged shelterwood management system alone operating at intermediate spatial scales and providing stands with high environmental heterogeneity was able to support regional biodiversity. However, some taxa require certain shares of uneven‐aged and unmanaged forests, emphasizing their general importance. We encourage using the here presented resampling approach to verify our results in forest landscapes of different composition and configuration across the temperate zone.
Shear‐wave sonoelastographic assessment of cervix in pregnancy
Authors: Duan Honglei , Chaemsaithong Piya , Ju Xiaoqing , Ho Sin Yee Stella , Sun Qian , Tai Yi‐yun , Leung Tak Yeung , Poon Liona C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate the differences in shear‐wave sonoelastography (SWS) scores between the different parts of cervix, explore the association between the cervical SWS scores with cervical length and evaluate repeatability of the measurement of cervical SWS scores.Material and methodsThis was a prospective study performed in women with singleton pregnancy at 11‐13+6 (n = 676), 16‐20+6 (n = 364), 21‐24+6 (n = 338) and 28‐32+6 weeks (n = 304). The SWS scores were obtained at the inner, middle and external parts of the cervix, using a transvaginal ultrasound approach.ResultsThe SWS scores of the inner cervix were significantly higher than the measurements acquired at the middle and external parts (all P < .001). At 21‐24+6 and 28‐32+6 weeks, most regions of interest demonstrated a very weak positive correlation with cervical length (r = .125 to r = .299). In comparison with nulliparous women, parous women without prior preterm birth had higher SWS scores of the inner and middle parts of the cervix at 16‐20+6 and 21‐24+6 weeks. All regions of interest showed good intra‐ and inter‐observer agreement.ConclusionsThe assessment of the cervical SWS scores is highly reproducible. The stiffness of the cervix demonstrates a gradient that decreases from the inner part to the external part and a very weak positive correlation with cervical length.
Molecular and clinical features of myeloid neoplasms with somatic DDX41 mutations
Authors: Qu Shiqiang , Li Bing , Qin Tiejun , Xu Zefeng , Pan Lijuan , Hu Naibo , Huang Gang , Peter Gale Robert , Xiao Zhijian 
Published: April 2020

SummaryWe screened 47 subjects with DDX41 variants among 1529 subjects with myeloid neoplasms. The most common germline variants included Splice c.935 + 4A>T, p.T360Ifs*33, p.V152G, p.S217Ifs*4, p.R311* and p.R369*. Except for the p.R369*, no other variants have been previously reported. Clinical covariates of subjects with simple DDX41 somatic variants and germline/somatic biallelic variants are similar. The two‐year overall survival (OS) of subjects with DDX41 variants was 85%. Overall response rate to demethylation therapy in subjects with DDX41 variants was 69%. The response did not correlate with the presence of a germline variant.
Small seed bank in grasslands and tree plantations in former grassland sites in the South Brazilian highlands
Authors: de Souza Vieira Mariana , Overbeck Gerhard Ernst 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe soil seed bank can be an important source for vegetation regeneration, and data on the similarity between aboveground vegetation and the seed bank can provide information about successional pathways after disturbances or land‐use change. We conducted this study in natural grasslands in the subtropical highland region in southern Brazil. We evaluated the effect of silviculture on richness, density, and composition of the seed bank at former grassland sites converted to pine plantations 25 years ago. We worked at six grassland sites and three pine plantation sites and used the seedling emergence method. Seed bank density and richness in grasslands were lower than those reported in similar environments in other regions. Species richness and density varied considerably within each vegetation type; therefore, richness and density were not statistically significant, while composition varied among vegetation types. In terms of species, the pine plantation seed bank was a small subset of the grassland seed bank. Seeds of typical grassland species were missing in the pine plantation, but also had only low abundances in the grassland, and similarity of seed bank and vegetation were low (less than 20%). The low seed density found in this study, including in grasslands areas, indicates that regeneration of species from the soil seed bank likely is of a limited role for the maintenance of plant populations after disturbances in this system. Our data further suggest that natural regeneration after tree planting in grasslands is reduced due to seed limitation.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material
MicroRNA‐93 targets WASF3 and functions as a metastasis suppressor in breast cancer
Authors: Shibuya Naoki , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Shimono Yohei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCancer cells with cancer stem cell (CSC) properties initiate both primary tumor formation and metastases at distant sites. Acquisition of CSC properties is highly associated with epigenetic alterations, including those mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs). We have previously established the breast cancer patient‐derived tumor xenograft (PDX) mouse model in which CSC marker CD44+ cancer cells formed spontaneous microscopic metastases in the liver. In this PDX mouse, we found that the expression levels of 3 miRNAs (miR‐25, miR‐93, and miR‐106b) in the miR‐106b‐25 cluster were much lower in the CD44+ human cancer cells metastasized to the liver than those at the primary site. Constitutive overexpression of miR‐93 suppressed invasive ability and 3D‐organoid formation capacity of breast cancer cells in vitro and significantly suppressed their metastatic ability to the liver in vivo. Wiskott‐Aldrich syndrome protein family member 3 (WASF3), a regulator of both cytoskeleton remodeling and CSC properties, was identified as a functional target of miR‐93: overexpression of miR‐93 reduced the protein level of WASF3 in breast cancer cells and WASF3 rescued the miR‐93‐mediated suppression of breast cancer cell invasion. These findings suggest that miR‐93 functions as a metastasis suppressor by suppressing both invasion ability and CSC properties in breast cancers.
Association between polycystic ovary syndrome and the vaginal microbiome: A case‐control study
Authors: Hong Xiang , Qin Pengfei , Huang Kaiping , Ding Xiaoling , Ma Jun , Xuan Yan , Zhu Xiaoyue , Peng Danhong , Wang Bei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. Some evidence suggests that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota could be associated with PCOS clinical parameters, but little is known for the association between vaginal microbiome and PCOS.ObjectiveTo determine differences in the vaginal microbiome between women with PCOS and healthy control women.Research design and methodsIn this case‐control study, the women with newly diagnosed PCOS (n = 39) and healthy controls (n = 40) were included from the hospital and maternal and child health centre, respectively. The vaginal swabs were collected, and microbiome structures were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The screening values for potential bacteria biomarker for PCOS were assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve method.ResultsThere was significant difference in vaginal bacterial structures between PCOS and healthy control women. The vaginal bacterial species in the PCOS group were more diverse than the control group (Simpson index for PCOS group vs. control group: median 0.49 vs. 0.80, P = .008; Shannon index: median 1.07 vs. 0.44, P = .003; Chao1 index: median 85.12 vs. 66.13, P < .001). The relative abundance of Lactobacillus crispatus in the PCOS group was significantly lower than controls (P = .001), and the relative abundance of Mycoplasma and Prevotella was higher than controls (P < .001, P = .002, respectively). The Mycoplasma genus could be a potential biomarker for PCOS screening, as ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for the relative abundance of Mycoplasma was 0.958 (95% CI: 0.901‐0.999). Subgroup analyses also showed these associations would not change among the women with the same BMI level and vagina cleanliness grading.ConclusionsIn the vaginal microbiome, the Mycoplasma genus was associated with PCOS. Further research is required to explore causal correlations between PCOS and the vaginal microbiome.
Chronic kidney disease in psoriasis: a cohort study
Authors: Conti Andrea , Giovannini Lisa , Mandel Victor Desmond , Odorici Giulia , Lasagni Claudia , Bigi Laura , Pellacani Giovanni , Cappelli Gianni 
Published: April 2020

SummaryBackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic, relapsing disease often associated with comorbidities. While its associations with cardiovascular and metabolic factors have been investigated, little is known about its association with impairment of renal function.Materials and methodsWe performed a cohort study of 219 psoriatic patients in which we evaluated chronic kidney disease (CKD) and eGFR as well as albuminuria according to their KDIGO stratification risk criteria. We also evaluated circulating immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM), C3‐C4 levels and the urinary albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio. We divided the patients into two groups, according to the presence or absence of known and established CKD risk factors.ResultsIn our population, the risk of CKD was moderate in 17.35 % of patients, high in 5.02 % and very high in 3.66 %. The risk prevalence for CKD was slightly greater in the group without established risk factors than the risk prevalence reported in NHANES 1999–2006. The presence of psoriatic arthritis, duration of psoriasis (≥ 21 years) and magnitude of the PASI score showed a positive correlation with the urinary albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio.ConclusionsWe found an association between microalbuminuria and the duration of psoriasis, as well as with psoriatic arthritis. Moreover, patients with microalbuminuria exhibited a higher Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcome stratification risk.
Rechallenge with checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic melanoma
Authors: Reschke Robin , Ziemer Mirjana 
Published: April 2020

SummaryTo date, there have been only few studies investigating rechallenge with checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma patients. Herein, we present the first review of all internationally published, English‐language articles. A total of 570 patients were included in our analysis, divided into four groups: 1) rechallenge with anti‐PD1 following disease progression on anti‐PD1 therapy; 2) rechallenge with anti‐PD1 and anti‐CTLA4 following disease progression on anti‐PD1 therapy; 3) rechallenge with anti‐CLTA‐4 following disease progression on anti‐CTLA‐4 therapy; and 4) rechallenge following toxicity‐related treatment discontinuation.In the first group (85 patients), the mean disease control rate (DCR) was 45.8 %, with a mean overall response rate (ORR) of 15.5 %. The second group (114 patients) showed a mean DCR of 40.6 % and an ORR of 20 %. In the third group (182 patients), the mean DCR was 50.9 %, with an ORR of 20.4 %. Thus, even patients with a history of disease progression on initial checkpoint inhibitor therapy may benefit from rechallenge.Patients in the fourth group (189 patients) showed a mean DCR of 89.5 % and an ORR of 70.2 %. Of these individuals, 18 % saw recurrence of the same toxicity; 23 % were affected by adverse events different from the ones previously experienced.
The force and the content of judgment
Authors: Rödl Sebastian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis essay explores what it means to reject Frege's distinction of force and content: the rejection completes Frege's anti‐psychologism as it leaves no space for a psychological concept of judgment distinct from the logical concept, which is the concern of no empirical science, but of logic. It emerges that logic, as the science of judgement, is — not a metaphysics of judgement, but — metaphysics. And it emerges that the opposition of subject to subject — the elementary nexus of thinker to thinker in dialogue — is contained within the logical concept of judgment.
Transcriptome analysis reveals wingless regulates neural development and signaling genes in the region of wing pigmentation of a polka‐dotted fruit fly
Authors: Fukutomi Yuichi , Kondo Shu , Toyoda Atsushi , Shigenobu Shuji , Koshikawa Shigeyuki 
Published: April 2020

How evolutionary novelties have arisen is one of the central questions in evolutionary biology. Preexisting gene regulatory networks or signaling pathways have been shown to be co‐opted for building novel traits in several organisms. However, the structure of entire gene regulatory networks and evolutionary events of gene co‐option for emergence of a novel trait are poorly understood. In this study, to explore the genetic and molecular bases of the novel wing pigmentation pattern of a polka‐dotted fruit fly (Drosophila guttifera), we performed de novo genome sequencing and transcriptome analyses. As a result, we comprehensively identified the genes associated with the pigmentation pattern. Furthermore, we revealed that 151 of these associated genes were positively or negatively regulated by wingless, a master regulator of wing pigmentation. Genes for neural development, Wnt signaling, Dpp signaling, and effectors (such as enzymes) for melanin pigmentation were included among these 151 genes. None of the known regulatory genes that regulate pigmentation pattern formation in other fruit fly species were included. Our results suggest that the novel pigmentation pattern of a polka‐dotted fruit fly might have emerged through multistep co‐options of multiple gene regulatory networks, signaling pathways, and effector genes, rather than recruitment of one large gene circuit.