bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen peroxide in lactate solutions irradiated by non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma
Authors: Liu Yang , Ishikawa Kenji , Miron Camelia , Hashizume Hiroshi , Tanaka Hiromasa , Hori Masaru 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A mechanism of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation in plasma-activated lactated Ringer’s solution (PAL) has been analyzed. PAL was produced by irradiating a sodium lactate solution, a class of hydroxy acid, with non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma (NEAPP). The concentration of H2O2 generation was dependent on the initial lactate concentrations, which ranged from 0–28 mM. However, the generation of H2O2 was inhibited by higher lactate concentration. The formation of H2O2 is proposed by catalyzed lactate and radicals in aqueous solution, such as ⋅OH, ⋅H and ⋅OO, during the plasma treatments.
On the nature of radio filaments near the Galactic Center
Authors: Barkov Maxim , Lyutikov Maxim 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We suggest that narrow, long radio filaments near the Galactic Center arise as kinetic jets - streams of high energy particles escaping from ram-pressure confined pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). The reconnection between the PWN and interstellar magnetic field allows pulsar wind particles to escape, creating long narrow features. They are the low frequency analogues of kinetic jets seen around some fast-moving pulsars, such as The Guitar and The Lighthouse PWNe. The radio filaments trace a population of pulsars also responsible for the Fermi GeV excess produced by the Inverse Compton scattering by the pulsar wind particles. The magnetic flux tubes are stretched radially by the large scale Galactic winds. In addition to PWNe accelerated particles can be injected at supernovae remnants. The model predicts variations of the structure of the largest filaments on scales of ∼ dozens of years - smaller variations can occur on shorter time scales. We also encourage targeted observations of the brightest sections of the filaments and of the related unresolved point sources in search of the powering PWNe and pulsars.
Electron Groups in Solar Wind and Gas Discharge Plasmas
Authors: Kolobov Vladimir , Arslanbekov Robert , Levko Dmitry 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The formation of electron groups is a common phenomenon in gas discharges and space plasmas. We describe similarities between electron kinetics in solar wind, cathode region of glow discharges, and magnetic nozzles. Remarkable resemblances between adiabatic focusing of magnetized electrons and spherical geometry effects for neutral particles escaping planet’s atmosphere are pointed out. The previously developed kinetic solvers for electrons coupled to Poisson equation for self-consistent simulations of the electric field are used to analyse the formation of electron groups in the cathode region of glow discharges and solar wind plasma.
Particle-Gas Hybrid Schemes in the PLUTO Code
Authors: Mignone A. , Vaidya B. , Puzzoni E. , Mukherjee D. , Bodo G. , Flock M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Hybrid codes treating composite systems made up of fluid and particle components are becoming increasing more popular in order to address multiple scale in complex astrophysical environments. Here we review some recent additions to the PLUTO code consisting of three flexible particle physics implementations targeting i) cosmic ray particles, ii) sub-grid electron acceleration and emission from high-energy astrophysical environments and iii) dust grains in protoplanetary disks. While the fluid equations are generally solved using standard finite-volume techniques, integration of particles as well as their feedback onto the gas is treated using standard techniques borrowed from Particle-In-Cell (PIC) frameworks. Some novel numerical benchmarks, not discussed in the original method papers, are also presented.
Modelling low Mach number stellar hydrodynamics with MAESTROeX
Authors: Harpole A. , Fan D. , Katz M. P. , Nonaka A. J. , Willcox D. E. , Zingale M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Modelling long-time convective flows in the interiors of stars is extremely challenging using conventional compressible hydrodynamics codes due to the acoustic timestep limitation. Many of these flows are in the low Mach number regime, which allows us to exploit the relationship between acoustic and advective time scales to develop a more computationally efficient approach. MAESTROeX is an open source low Mach number stellar hydrodynamics code that allows much larger timesteps to be taken, therefore enabling systems to be modelled for much longer periods of time. This is particularly important for the problem of convection in the cores of rotating massive stars prior to core collapse. To fully capture the dynamics, it is necessary to model these systems in three dimensions at high resolution over many rotational periods. We present an overview of MAESTROeX’s current capabilities, describe ongoing work to incorporate the effects of rotation and discuss how we are optimising the code to run on GPUs.
The ANTARES code: recent developments and applications
Authors: Kupka Friedrich , Zaussinger Florian , Fabbian Damian , Krüger Daniel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
ANTARES (A Numerical Tool for Astrophysical RESearch) is a multi-purpose numerical tool to solve different variants of the equations of hydrodynamics as they appear in problems of astrophysics, geophysics, and engineering sciences and which require the construction of detailed numerical simulation models. A presentation of the current feature set of the code with a focus on recent add-ons is given here in addition to a summary on several results from recent applications of ANTARES to solar physics, the physics of planets, and basic convection studies including the damping of pressure modes (solar oscillations) in numerical simulations of convection at the solar surface and the coupling of layers in numerical simulations of sheared and non-sheared double-diffusive convection.
Development of quasi real-time comprehensive evaluation system for earthquake disaster
Authors: Liu Zhi , Jiang Hui , Zhang Lanfang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Fast acquisition of the seismic information and accurate assessment of the earthquake disaster is the key problem for emergency rescue after a destructive earthquake. In order to satisfy the requirements of the earthquake emergency response and rescue for the cities and counties, a quasi real-time comprehensive evaluation system for earthquake disaster is developed. This software system has the functions of gathering disaster information, analyzing seismic damage and estimating disaster extent. To prop up such a powerful software platform, data and algorithms are prerequisites. As a result, Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) is developed to monitor strong motion underground, application programs for data collection by the mobile terminal are also developed to acquire the basic structural data and disaster information. Besides, based on short-distance emergency communication technology, a set of short-distance multi-modes are designed to transmit those critical data to the evaluation system. After a certain earthquake, using fragility analysis method and dynamic correction algorithm, together with the basic data, seismic disaster evaluation in the county region is finally realized in real-time to provide a scientific basis for seismic emergency command, rescue and assistant decision.
Study on the impact of the soil and shallow groundwater quality by a hazardous waste incinerator in Shanghai
Authors: Huang Jing , Huang Botao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Hazardous wastes are often corrosive, toxic, reactive or infective, the feasible treatments for which include landfill, incineration, solidification, and chemical methods. In this research, an environmental investigation of a hazardous waste incinerator (operated by A Co. Ltd.) in Shanghai has been made into the soil and shallow groundwater quality inside and outside the factory, which uses incineration technology. The results are analysed and the conclusions reached are that the incineration technology in A Co. Ltd. has had no effect yet on the soil in and near the factory, and on the surrounding agricultural soil. However, the shallow groundwater below the production warehouse No.2 has been contaminated by Cd, Cu, and Ni which originate from the disposal process.
Spatio-temporal change analysis of land cover in Xichang City based on RS and GIS
Authors: Li Lina , Wei Jingru , Ke Dan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The temporal and spatial change of land cover in Xichang City from 2002 to 2018 was analyzed in this paper. The current land cover maps of three different years were extracted based on the 2002, 2010 and 2018 Landsat remote sensing images, and the transfer Matrix model wasutilized to analyze the transformation among types of land. The results showed that from 2002 to 2018, the area of cultivated land and construction land in Xichang increased by 20.26% and 191.71% respectively, while the areas of forest land, unused land, grassland and water decreased by 9.36%, 83.27%, 4.48% and 10.45%, respectively. In terms of spatial pattern, the regions with obvious changes are mainly located around the Anning River Valley and Qionghai Lake. The construction land increased significantly, mainly along the Beijing-Kunming expressway to the north of the new urban area and the cultivated land distribution increased slightly on the slope of some low mountain fallow land. Land cover conversion is quite frequent between cultivated land, forestland and grassland. This study can provide a scientific basis for the sustainable utilization of land resources and ecological construction in Xichang city.
Towards understanding the impact of convective weather on aircraft arrival traffic at the Hong Kong International Airport
Authors: Lui Gonam , Liem Rheapatricia , Hon Kaikwong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Convective weather (thunderstorm clusters with horizontal extents from tens to hundreds of kilometers, and vertically up to 10 - 15 kilometers in the troposphere) along aircraft flight trajectory is a key factor influencing air traffic management decisions and aviation safety. For an airport, aircraft arrival performance is typically more sensitive to weather conditions than departures. The occurrence of thunderstorms along or around flight routes may force the arriving aircraft to hold/vector in the terminal maneuvering area (TMA) following air traffic control (ATC) instructions, leading to additional fuel burn and delays. Such effects could cascade and bring further negative impacts to air traffic inside TMA. In this work, we perform a joint analysis of high-resolution radar rainfall distribution with 2-D aircraft flight trajectory data surrounding the Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) to uncover the potential spatio-temporal impact of thunderstorms on air traffic. Results indicate that aircraft arrival traffic is sensitive to the location of convective weather in TMA, which also introduces a time lag effect on subsequent air traffic on the order of hours.
Effect of shrub land on soil carbon storage in the Loess Plateau
Authors: Zhong Yao , Gong Yifan , Cao Jianjun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
With the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations in the current years, afforestation implemented on lands with poor fertility is considered to be an effective measure for mitigating CO2 emissions. However, little studies have focused on the comparation of effects of different shrub lands on soil carbon storage. In this case, 16-year-old Caragana Korshinskii K. (CK) land and 16-year-old Hippophae rhamnoides L. (HR) land were investigated in Huining County, Gansu Province, to explore the differences in soil carbon storage between them. The results showed that the total soil carbon storage at the 1.0 m soil depth for the CK land and HR land was 46.55 Mg⋅ha−1 and 56.73 Mg⋅ha−1, respectively, with a significant difference in total soil carbon storage between them. The soil organic carbon (SOC) decreased with the soil depth, and was significantly negatively correlated to soil bulk density, but positively correlated to STN. However, SOC showed no significant correlations with soil pH, STP and soil moisture content. The SOC arising was not significant affected by the interactions between land use type and soil depth, demonstrating that the SOC is generally affected by soil either depth or stand type, rather than both in this area. This study expects to advance new understanding of the relationships between soil carbon storage and shrub land in the Loess Plateau, and it could also have wider implications for other regions where land use and land cover change is being addressed by afforestation options.
Application of Transfer Matrix Method in Calculating Flexible Deployment Mechanisms Modes
Authors: Wang Min , Liu Qinda , Zhao Tingting , Liu Jiaxing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Flexible deployment mechanisms are widely used in the aerospace field. During the satellite antenna’s attitude adjustment and deployment process, vibration will greatly affect the accuracy of the satellite antenna profile after deployment. The finite element method (FEM) has the disadvantages of high calculation order, slow calculation speed and difficult optimization in the process of establishing the dynamic model of the flexible deployment mechanism. This paper uses the principle of the transfer matrix method to propose a calculation method for the natural frequency and vibration mode of a flexible deployment mechanism, which is used to calculate the vibration characteristics of a radial rib deployment antenna. Finally, its accuracy is verified by the finite element method (FEM).
Design and Optimization of a High-altitude Long Endurance UAV Propeller
Authors: You K , Zhao X , Zhao S-Z , Faisal M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a propeller designed for a solar unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) at 22km altitude. The design objective for the 3-blade propeller is to achieve 72% efficiency and 7 N thrust, with 0.5588m diameter propeller rotating at 5500rpm under freestream velocity 50m/s. For such High-Altitude Long Endurance (HALE) flight vehicle, firstly, three low Reynolds number airfoils were assessed by airfoil aerodynamic performance analysis software Profili. As a result, FX 63-137 was selected for the best lift to drag ratio at given altitude. Secondly, a MATLAB program based on Joukowski propeller vortex theory was employed to determine three dimensional configuration of the blades. Then, CFD simulation was carried out on the preliminary design. Furthermore, optimal design method was employed to improve propeller efficiency of the preliminary design using software ISIGHT. Ten variables including chord lengths and blade pitch angles distribution at five spanwise sections were employed. Finally, the optimized propeller with power 467W was obtained, performance satisfying the requirement.
Design and Optimization of Multi-petal Damping Structure for Vibration Control of Satellite Antenna Component
Authors: Wang Min , Zhao Tingting , Liu Qinda , Liu Jiaxing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A preloaded multi-petal friction damping structure is proposed for deployment mechanism of large-scale flexible deployable satellite antenna. The damping structure is designed to suppress transverse vibration for promising stability and accuracy in the deployment process. In order to study the damping property of multi-petal damping structure and facilitate theoretical modelling, the model of deployment component with damping structure is simplified as double-layer cantilever beam model to study mechanical properties of friction and damping energy dissipation mechanism. The optimum parameters of damping structure are determined by numerical analysis of the simplified modal and the hysteresis curve can be obtained by finite element simulation to calculate loss factor. In the dynamic simulation, the loss factor can reach 0.2685 and the vibration amplitude can be reduced by more than 65%, which indicates the excellent effect for vibration suppression and the feasibility of the proposed structure.
Elite Niche Particle Swarm Optimization for Energy Clustering in Aeronautical Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Xu Mengying , Zhou Jie , Yang Rui 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Recently, a wide variety of applications of aeronautical wireless sensor networks (AWSNs) make the clustering algorithm a paramount issue and bring profound changes to Internet of Things in AWSN-based applications. In AWSN, an energy-clustering algorithm is very significant to reduce the total energy cost of sensing data and solve the energy balance problem in AWSN. However, it is a challenging issue in AWSNs to have a low lifetime and energy utilization rate. In order to achieve a low energy consumption and further improve the lifetime of AWSNs, in this paper, we propose an elite niche particle swarm optimization (ENPSO), which combine the elite selection and niche sharing mechanism to develop the algorithm’s convergence rate and robustness. In the simulation, we compare the energy cost optimized by ENPSO with that optimized by grey wolf optimization (GWO) and simulated annealing (SA). Simulation results demonstrate that the energy cost optimized by ENPSO is 9.63% and 19.54% smaller than GWO and SA when the number of nodes is 100 with 10% cluster heads. It obviously shows that the performance of proposed ENPSO is better than other two algorithms and have a faster convergent rate and better robustness.
Optimal Design of a Typical Fuselage Cross Section for a Certain Type of Civil Aircraft
Authors: Zhang Zhenwei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Optimal design of a typical fuselage cross section for civil aircraft is one of the most important aspects of overall aircraft design. In this paper, a typical cross section of a certain type of civil aircraft (referred to as model A) is taken as an example and compared with a similar model B of strength calculation and analysis of deformation, bending moment, stress and other structural bearing efficiency. The principle of the difference is explored and the principle of engineering design of a typical fuselage cross section is summarized. Then the design of the original cross section is optimized by integrating structural load-bearing efficiency, space arrangement and other factors. Strength evaluation is also carried out. Finally, the optimization plan of a typical fuselage cross section of model A is given.
Exploring the Attractive Attributes and Consumer Preferences for Dream Cake
Authors: Hung Chia-Pao , Chen Chun-Chih , Wu Shu-Ming , Hung Ping-Lan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The study is mainly to understand consumer preference toward the charm of cake decoration via in-depth interview. Through the interview of 37 participants, we could understand the awareness of consumers to dream cake decoration and provide a physical and theoretical charm factor analysis via evaluation grid method. From the experimental results, it is known that the major factors constituting the charm of dream cake are style, technique, theme, colour, while the abstract image and physical features and properties constituting these four factors are known as well. From abstract aspect, the dream cakes are considered lovely sweet and fun. As to physical aspect, the dream cakes are featured at brilliant skill, matured technique and exquisite. After subsequent verification, the results may be used as references and guidelines for dream cake decoration in the future.
Fluorescent macromolecular chemosensors for highly and selectively detecting of 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol
Authors: Xiao Yuanji , Yang Xinqian , Cheng Xinjian , Xiong Shuangyu , Chen Rong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Among nitroaromatic compounds with similar structures, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP) exhibits strong biological toxicity and explosion hazard. Therefore, detection of TNP is of great importance. In this work, two novel fluorescent macromolecular chemosensors P1 and P2 were prepared using boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) as the fluorophore. After the preparation of small BODIPY molecule M1, another small molecule M2 with two aldehyde groups was synthesized by two consecutive Vilsmeier-Haack reactions. Then, M2 reacts with trans-cyclohexane-1,4-diamine and 1,4-phenylenediamine respectively to obtain two macromolecules P1 and P2 via Schiff Base forming reaction. The results suggested that P1 and P2 could recognize TNP only while other aromatic/nitroaromatic compounds cannot cause significant fluorescence intensity response. When TNP exist, these fluorescent macromolecular chemosensors produce significant fluorescence quenching. At the same time, because the electron-rich Schiff base and the electron-deficient TNP have the structural basis of chemical interaction, these two macromolecular sensors also have excellent sensitivity to TNP, and the excellent recognition limit of detection reach as low as 0.017 μM. High sensitivity and selectivity have been applied to test TNP in lake water samples as well.
Compatibility of medications with intravenous lipid emulsions: Effects of simulated Y-site mixing
Authors: Ross Emma L , Salinas Allison , Petty Kirsten , Her Cheng , Carpenter John F 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Purpose
To determine the physical intravenous Y-site compatibility of 19 commonly used medications at pediatric concentrations with 3 different types of lipid emulsion.

Methods
Medications at commonly used pediatric concentrations were mixed in a 1:1 ratio with lipid emulsions (Intralipid, Nutrilipid, and Smoflipid) and incubated at room temperature for 4 hours to simulate Y-site administration. Each sample was then diluted with particle-free water and analyzed using the analytical technique of light obscuration recommended in United States Pharmacopeia (USP) general information chapter 729 (USP &lt;729&gt;). Physical compatibility was determined by measuring the percentage of fat residing in globules larger than 5 µm (PFAT5) per USP &lt;729&gt; recommendations.

Results
Most combinations tested were physically compatible based on USP &lt;729&gt; regulations. Incompatibilities differed for the different brands of lipid emulsion. The two combinations that met USP &lt;729&gt; criteria for physical incompatibility were cisatracurium 2 mg/mL with Intralipid and gentamicin 2 mg/mL with Smoflipid.

Conclusion
Three different lipid emulsions were physically compatible at the Y site with the majority of medications tested. Data regarding Y-site compatibility for one lipid emulsion product cannot be safely extrapolated to another without additional testing.
On Tradition and the Conservation of Equity
Authors: Samet Irit 
Published: September 2020

Abstract:
This paper explores the question whether the normativity of tradition gives us reasons to preserve the norms of equity (more or less) in their historical form, i.e., as separate from neighboring common law doctrines. The main target of the paper are arguments that call for the replacement of equity with other, arguably more successful, means for attaining the goals equity sets to achieve. It begins by showing that even liberal, progressive and rationalist people should see traditions as making a normative claim on us, as they can potentially possess both instrumental and non-instrumental value that goes over and above the content of the beliefs, rituals or forms of action which they uphold. The second part asks whether equity qua legal tradition exemplifies such value. I find that the unique combination of legal and moral tradition that we find in equity endows it with a great value as an agent for social cohesion, an instrument of coordination and a source of invaluable know-how knowledge. With reference to two concrete examples of alternatives to equity—the continental doctrine of abuse of rights and a good faith principle—I argue that the fact that equity has been the way we do things around here for so long makes it a better platform for reform than an implant from foreign system or a newly devised set of norms. If reform is needed, we should take equity as its starting point rather than wiping the slate clean and starting from scratch.