bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between social anxiety disorder and parenting style among nursing students
Authors: Alhazmi Rehab 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a common mental health concern affecting students globally and in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of SAD among nursing students and examine its association with various parenting styles.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 141 female nursing students at the College of Nursing at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS). Participants completed the Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) and Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN). The study data were collected using Microsoft Forms. An ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between SAD and parenting styles.

Results
The prevalence of SAD among the nursing students was 47.5%, with 6.4% having severe SAD and 2.8% having very severe SAD. The authoritative parenting style was the most frequently reported, with 58.2% of the students reporting having an authoritative mother and 44.7% reporting having an authoritative father. Maternal (odds ratio [OR] = 0.181, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.062, 0.527, p = 0.001) and paternal (OR = 0.186, 95% CI = 0.060, 0.574, p = 0.003) authoritative parenting styles were associated with a decrease in the odds of experiencing symptoms of SAD among nursing students. Additionally, a paternal authoritarian parenting style (OR = 2.816, 95% CI = 1.011, 8.218, p = 0.048) was associated with an increase in the odds of experiencing SAD symptoms. However, maternal authoritarian parenting style was not significantly associated with SAD symptoms among students (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
The parenting style is an influential factor contributing to the experience of SAD in nursing students. In this study, both authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles were significantly associated with the symptoms of SAD. Nursing educators and mental health professionals must establish appropriate strategies to help students cope with SAD. Moreover, educational programs targeting parents must be implemented to increase their awareness of the impact of parental practices on their children’s mental health.
The Michigan men’s diabetes project: perspectives on a peer-led diabetes self-management and support intervention for Black men with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ewen Alana M. , Hawkins Jaclynn M. , Kloss Katherine A. , Sengupta Srijani , Burgess Hannah , Nwankwo Robin , Funnell Martha , Mitchell Jamie , Piatt Gretchen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Black men are more likely to be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to non-Hispanic White men, especially those over 55 years of age. Although there is ample evidence around the efficacy of peer-led diabetes self-management and support (PLDSMS) programs in improving diabetes health outcomes, Black men living with T2D experience several barriers to meaningful participation in peer-led programs and program developers face barriers to implementation. This qualitative study aimed to identify perspectives from collaborators on barriers and facilitators that impact the implementation of a PLDSMS intervention for older Black men with T2D.

Methods
Qualitative data were collected as part of the Michigan Men’s Diabetes Project. We used the Tailored Implementation in Chronic Diseases (TICD) Checklist to construct the semi-structured interview guide. TICD domains served as themes. Codes were later generated as a team (N = 3) from chunks of related text. Eight 1-on-1 semi-structured interviews (two researchers, three peer leaders, one community collaborator, two certified diabetes care and education specialists) were conducted between April 13–22, 2022 via Zoom. We engaged in thematic content analysis and used the rigorous and accelerated data reduction (RADaR) technique and Rapid analysis.

Results
Themes included guideline factors; individual collaborator factors; patient factors; professional interactions; incentives and resources; capacity for organizational change; and use of technology. Guidelines for implementing a PLDSMS program for Black men with T2D are lacking. For effective implementation, collaborators need interpersonal and session facilitation skills, flexibility, and cultural awareness. Although Black men with T2D may initially be apprehensive about participating in a PLDSMS program due to lack of knowledge, masculine norms, and stigma, these programs offer a safe space, a sense of brotherhood, and transparency. Having a physician champion is key in supporting organizational changes needed to implement PLDSMS programs in health systems, particularly as PLDSMS is not currently a billable service.

Conclusions
The PLDSMS program is culturally relevant in engaging older Black men with T2D. In addition to building trust among participants, successful development and implementation of a peer support program requires flexibility and tailored communication strategies. Findings can be used to inform future iterations of PLDSMS programs.
Addressing concerns of access and distribution of health workforce: a discrete choice experiment to develop rural attraction and retention strategies in southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Hilo Abdela Alite , McPeak John 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
There is a shortage of health workers in Ethiopia, with an uneven distribution between urban and rural areas. To formulate effective policy interventions aimed at attracting and retaining health workers in rural regions, this study examined the stated preferences of health workers when selecting health jobs.

Methods
A discrete choice experiment was conducted among health workers in the Aari and South Omo zones of the South Ethiopia region, from September to November 2022 to gather insights into their job preferences. The design of the discrete choice experiment was informed by literature review, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews. Through these qualitative studies, key job attributes influencing health workers’ preferences were identified, including salary, education, housing, location, timeliness of payment, medicine and equipment, management culture, and infrastructure. We employed a mixed logit model, allowing for full correlation between utility coefficients, to assess the relative importance of these attributes and account for heterogeneity in preferences and scales. We also conducted a willingness-to-pay analysis and assessed the probability of job uptake for both single and combined incentives.

Results
All eight attributes exhibited statistically significant effects, with the expected signs, and indicating preference heterogeneity. Education opportunity, salary, and housing emerged as the most influential attributes shaping health workers’ decisions when considering a rural posting as a future workplace. Notably, health workers were willing to trade off a significant portion of their salary for improvements in other aspects of the job. Subgroup analysis revealed that health workers without a rural background were willing to pay more to work at the relatively more urban zone center compared to those with rural experience. Offering educational opportunities after one year of service at the base salary increased the probability of choosing a rural job posting by 79.8%. In addition, we find that packages of incentives are usually preferred over a single incentive.

Conclusion
Health workers express a willingness to relocate to or continue serving in rural areas contingent upon improved working conditions. Both monetary and non-monetary policy interventions should be considered by policymakers to attract and retain health workers at rural locations in southwestern Ethiopia.
Microscopic prevalence and risk factors of asymptomatic malaria in Gorgora, western Dembia, Northwest Ethiopia: exploring hidden threats during minor transmission season
Authors: Cherkos Tena , Derso Adane , Lemma Wossenseged , Abere Aberham , Deress Teshiwal , Tegegne Banchamlak , Mekonnen Gebeyaw Getnet , Birhanu Abebe , Tegegne Yalewayker 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Malaria poses a significant public health threat globally, particularly in African regions, where asymptomatic malaria is a considerable logistic problem. Individuals with asymptomatic malaria do not seek treatment, and thus they are invisible to health facilities and represent a substantial hidden reservoir of Plasmodium species. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria and its associated factors in Gorgora, western Dembia district, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2023 in the Gorgora area, Western Dembia district, Northwest Ethiopia. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Giemsa-stained blood smear microscopy was employed for the diagnosis of Plasmodium species. The data were entered into Epi Data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify associated factors.

Results
Among the 357 individuals who participated in this study, 9.2% (33/357) [95% CI 6.40–12.70: p = 0.000] were confirmed to be infected with Plasmodium species. Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax accounted for 66.7% and 33.3%, respectively. Not using bed nets [AOR = 7.3, 95% CI 2.08–23.46, p = 0.006)], previous malaria history [AOR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.01–6.45, p = 0.041], outdoor activities at night [AOR = 8.3, 95% CI 3.21–21.30, p = 0.000], and family size [AOR = 3.3, 95% CI 1.18–9.22, p = 0.023] were significantly associated with asymptomatic malaria (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
A considerable proportion of asymptomatic Plasmodium infections was found which likely act as a reservoir of transmission. This has implications for ongoing malaria control programmes that are based on the treatment of symptomatic patients and highlight the need for intervention strategies targeting asymptomatic carriers. Not using bed nets, engaging in outdoor activities at night, and having a family size of more than five increased the odds of developing asymptomatic malaria. The district health office and health extension workers should collaborate to promote the regular use of mosquito bed nets among community residents.
The experimental hut efficacy of next-generation insecticide-treated nets against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors after 12, 24 and 36 months of household use in Benin
Authors: Agbevo Abel , Syme Thomas , Fagbohoun Josias , Fongnikin Augustin , Ahoga Juniace , Accrombessi Manfred , Protopopoff Natacha , Cook Jackie , Churcher Thomas S. , Padonou Gil G. , Sovi Arthur , Ahogni Idelphonse , Govoetchan Renaud , Todjinou Damien , Akogbeto Martin , Ngufor Corine 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Cluster-randomized controlled trials (cluster-RCTs) have demonstrated variation in the epidemiological efficacy of different next-generation insecticide-treated net (ITN) types, with some providing shorter-lived impact than others. Further studies are needed to assess changes in the insecticidal durability of these ITNs over time to complement cluster-RCT results.

Methods
A series of experimental hut trials were performed to evaluate the bioefficacy of new and field-aged next-generation ITNs (PermaNet® 3.0, Royal Guard®, Interceptor® G2) compared to a pyrethroid-only net (Interceptor®) against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors in Covè, southern Benin. Field-aged nets were withdrawn from households at 12, 24 and 36 months. Net pieces cut from whole ITNs were analysed for chemical content, and susceptibility bioassays were performed during each trial to assess changes in insecticide resistance in the Covè vector population.

Results
Interceptor® G2 induced superior mosquito mortality than the other ITNs across all time points. The improved mortality with Interceptor® G2 compared to Interceptor® was evident across all time points but was greater with new nets (odds ratio (OR) = 8.6, 95% CI [7.4, 10.1]) than field-aged nets (OR = 2.5, 95% CI [1.8, 3.5] at 12 months, OR = 2.4, 95% CI [1.6, 3.7] at 24 months and OR = 2.9, 95% CI [1.6, 5.1] at 36 months). New Royal Guard® reduced mosquito fertility compared to the other ITNs, but this improvement fell after field-ageing, particularly at 24 months when it was similar to Interceptor® (11% vs 3%, p = 0.08). When new, mortality was significantly higher with PermaNet® 3.0 compared to Interceptor® (OR = 3.6, 95% CI [3.0, 4.2]); however, this benefit was lost with field-aged nets at 12 months (OR = 1.1, 95% CI [0.8, 1.5]) and 24 months (OR = 0.6, 95% CI [0.4, 0.9]). Retention of the non-pyrethroid compound in next-generation nets was low after 36 months (27% for PermaNet® 3.0, 26% for Royal Guard® and 15% for Interceptor® G2).

Conclusions
Interceptor® G2 outperformed the other ITNs, confirming the superiority of pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr nets over other net types. When new, all next-generation ITNs showed superior bioefficacy compared to Interceptor®; however, the size of this improvement fell after field-ageing due to poor durability of the non-pyrethroid compound. These findings emphasize the need to enhance the insecticidal durability of next-generation ITNs.
Researchers’ perspectives on the integration of molecular and genomic data into malaria elimination programmes in Africa: a qualitative study
Authors: Tindana Paulina , Sekwo Daniel Enos , Baatiema Leonard , Djimde Abdoulaye ,   the Pathogen Genomics Diversity Network, Africa (PDNA)
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Malaria remains a significant public health concern, despite global efforts to combat the disease with highest burden in Africa. Reports of emerging artemisinin partial- resistance in East Africa emphasize the importance of molecular data to guide policy decisions. Hence the need for researchers to collaborate with National control programmes to conduct genomics surveillance of malaria to inform malaria control and elimination policies. This study explored genomic researchers’ views on engaging with national control programmes to aid malaria elimination efforts in Africa.

Methods
This research employed an exploratory qualitative approach to investigate the views and experiences of malaria genomics researchers across 16 member countries of the Pathogen Genomic Diversity Network Africa (PDNA). In-depth interviews were conducted with each PDNA Principal Investigator, which were recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Subsequently, the data were analysed thematically with NVivo 12 qualitative data analysis software.

Results
The study revealed that majority of malaria genomics researchers focused on understanding the genetic composition and adaptation of the malaria parasite, its vector, and human host. Their investigations delved into areas such as drug and insecticide resistance, parasite evolution, host interactions, human host susceptibility to malaria, diversity of vaccine candidates, and molecular surveillance of malaria. Challenges included limited funding, lack of interest and capacity among National Malaria Control Programmes (NMCP) to use research evidence effectively, and difficulties in communicating data implications to policymakers due to the absence of WHO-certified use cases. Despite these obstacles, researchers expressed a keen interest in forming partnerships with NMCPs to integrate genetic data into malaria control efforts in Africa. They also stressed the importance of enhancing researchers' ability to communicate findings to policymakers and local communities through policy briefs and innovative communication strategies.

Conclusion
The study underscores the need to strengthen partnerships between genomic researchers and NMCPs to support malaria elimination in Africa. Furthermore, researchers should create practical frameworks for easy integration into WHO reporting formats to facilitate the use of molecular and genomic data in malaria control programme decision-making.
The status of insecticide resistance of Anopheles coluzzii on the islands of São Tomé and Príncipe, after 20 years of malaria vector control
Authors: Correa Maria , Lopes Janete , Sousa Carla A. , Rocha Gustavo , Oriango Robin , Cardetas Andreia , Viegas Joao , Cornel Anthony J. , Lanzaro Gregory C. , Pinto João 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Insecticide-based malaria vector control has been implemented on the islands of São Tomé and Príncipe (STP) for more than 20 years. During this period malaria incidence was significantly reduced to pre-elimination levels. While cases remained low since 2015, these have significantly increased in the last year, challenging the commitment of the country to achieve malaria elimination by 2025. To better understand the reasons for increasing malaria cases, levels and underlying mechanisms of insecticide resistance in the local Anopheles coluzzii populations were characterized.

Methods
Mosquito larval collections were performed in the rainy and dry seasons, between 2022 and 2024, in two localities of São Tomé and one locality in Príncipe. Susceptibility to permethrin, α-cypermethrin, pirimiphos-methyl and DDT was assessed using WHO bioassays and protocols. Intensity of resistance and reversal by PBO pre-exposure were determined for pyrethroid insecticides. The kdr locus was genotyped by PCR assays in subsamples of the mosquitoes tested.

Results
Anopheles coluzzii populations were fully susceptible to pirimiphos-methyl, but high levels of resistance to pyrethroids and DDT were detected, particularly in São Tomé rainy season collections. Increasing the pyrethroid and DDT dosages to 5 $$\times$$
×
and 10 $$\times$$
×
did not restore full susceptibility in all populations. Pre-exposure to PBO resulted into partial reversal of the resistance phenotype suggesting the presence of cytochrome P450 oxidases-mediated metabolic resistance. The L1014F knockdown resistance mutation was present in An. coluzzii on both islands but at much higher frequency in São Tomé where it was associated with the resistant phenotype.

Conclusions
Future vector control interventions should consider the use of non-pyrethroid insecticides or combination with synergists to overcome the high levels of pyrethroid resistance. Alternative control methods not dependent on the use of insecticides should be additionally implemented to achieve malaria elimination in STP.
Cannabinoids for treating psychiatric disorders in youth: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Köck Patrick , Badek Andrzej , Meyer Maximilian , Klaassen Arndt-Lukas , Walter Marc , Kindler Jochen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Cannabinoids have been of increasing interest mainly due to their putative efficacy in a wide array of psychiatric, psychosomatic, and neurological conditions.

Aims
This systematic review aims to synthesize results from randomized placebo-controlled trials regarding the efficacy and the dosage of cannabinoids as therapeutics in psychiatric disorders in children, adolescents, and young adults.

Methods
All publications up to June 30th, 2024, were included from PubMed and Embase. Eligibility criteria in accordance with the PRISMA-guidelines was applied. RCTs providing pre- and post-treatment parameters on cannabinoid therapies for mental disorders in comparison to controls in an age range from 0 to 25 years were included. Effect sizes were calculated as Hedges’ g for primary outcomes, and a multilevel random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to account for dependent outcomes from same study populations.

Results
We identified 7603 records, of which 8 independent clinical trials (reported in 9 publications) met the pre-established eligibility criteria, comprising 474 unique participants (245 treatment, 229 control). Analysis of 13 primary outcomes (of 7 clinical trials) revealed a modest positive overall effect for symptom improvement or normalization of brain physiology (Hedges’ g = 0.308, 95% CI: 0.167, 0.448). Autism spectrum disorder studies showed the most consistent evidence (g = 0.264, 95% CI: 0.107, 0.421), while other conditions showed wider confidence intervals. Age-stratified analysis showed that adult populations (mean age 23.3 years, n = 5 outcomes) demonstrated higher effect sizes (g = 0.463, SD = 0.402) compared to pediatric populations (mean age 11.8 years, n = 8 outcomes; g = 0.318, SD = 0.212). Whole plant preparations (g = 0.328, 95% CI: 0.083, 0.573) and pharmaceutical cannabinoids (g = 0.292, 95% CI: 0.069, 0.515) showed comparable effects. CBD dosages ranged from 17.5 mg to 600 mg per day, with no significant correlation between dosage and effect size (ρ = -0.014, p = 0.963). Mild to moderate side effects were reported, but no serious adverse events. Risk of bias assessment ranged from low (n = 3) to high (n = 5).

Conclusion
While meta-analysis of effect sizes for primary outcomes revealed modest positive effects, particularly for autism spectrum disorders, the current evidence remains insufficient to broadly recommend cannabinoids for treating mental disorders in youth populations. Larger, controlled studies with standardized outcomes are needed to establish definitive clinical recommendations.
Oncogene activated human breast luminal progenitors contribute basally located myoepithelial cells
Authors: Kohler Katharina Theresa , Kim Jiyoung , Villadsen René , Rønnov-Jessen Lone , Petersen Ole William 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Basal-like breast cancer originates in luminal progenitors, frequently with an altered PI3K pathway, and focally in close association with genetically altered myoepithelial cells at the site of tumor initiation. The exact trajectory behind this bi-lineage phenomenon remains poorly understood.

Methods and results
Here we used a breast cancer relevant transduction protocol including hTERT, shp16, shp53, and PIK3CAH1047R to immortalize FACS isolated luminal cells, and we identified a candidate multipotent progenitor. Specifically, we identified a keratin 23 (K23)+/ALDH1A3+/CALML5− ductal-like progenitor with the potential to differentiate into CALML5+ lobular-like cells. We found that the apparent luminal phenotype of these oncogene transduced progenitors was metastable giving rise to basal-like cells dependent on culture conditions. In 3D organoid culture and upon transplantation to mice the bipotent progenitor cell line organized into a bi-layered acinus-like structure reminiscent of that of the normal breast gland.

Conclusions
These findings provide proof of principle that progenitors within the human breast luminal epithelial compartment may serve as a source of correctly positioned myoepithelial cells. This may prove useful in assessing the role of myoepithelial cells in breast tumor progression.
HIPSD&R-seq enables scalable genomic copy number and transcriptome profiling
Authors: Otoničar Jan , Lazareva Olga , Mallm Jan-Philipp , Simovic-Lorenz Milena , Philippos George , Sant Pooja , Parekh Urja , Hammann Linda , Li Albert , Yildiz Umut , Marttinen Mikael , Zaugg Judith , Noh Kyung Min , Stegle Oliver , Ernst Aurélie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSingle-cell DNA sequencing (scDNA-seq) enables decoding somatic cancer variation. Existing methods are hampered by low throughput or cannot be combined with transcriptome sequencing in the same cell. We propose HIPSD&R-seq (HIgh-throughPut Single-cell Dna and Rna-seq), a scalable yet simple and accessible assay to profile low-coverage DNA and RNA in thousands of cells in parallel. Our approach builds on a modification of the 10X Genomics platform for scATAC and multiome profiling. In applications to human cell models and primary tissue, we demonstrate the feasibility to detect rare clones and we combine the assay with combinatorial indexing to profile over 17,000 cells.