bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Camellia sinensis and Litsea coreana Ameliorate Intestinal Inflammation and Modulate Gut Microbiota in Dextran Sulfate Sodium‐Induced Colitis Mice
Authors: Liu Yan , Wang Xinghua , Chen Qiubing , Luo Liyong , Ma Mengjun , Xiao Bo , Zeng Liang 
Published: January 2020

ScopePolyphenol‐enriched herbal extracts have been proved as alternative therapeutic strategies for experimentally induced colitis. The in vivo and in vitro anti‐inflammatory effects of Camellia sinensis (green, white, yellow, oolong, black, and dark tea) and Litsea coreana (hawk tea) are comparatively explored.Methods and resultsHPLC analysis confirms dissimilarities among phytochemical compositions of these teas. The tea extracts (TEs) significantly decrease the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines (IL‐6, IL‐12, and tumor necrosis factor‐α) and increase the anti‐inflammatory cytokines (IL‐10) in LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‐induced colitis mouse model. The treatment of TEs in colitis mice can ameliorate colon inflammation, pro‐oxidative enzyme activity, colon integrity, and suppress the activation of nuclear factor‐κB. Of note, green TE significantly attenuates the DSS‐induced decrease in richness and diversity of gut microbiota. Moreover, TEs are capable of exerting a prebiotic effect on gut microbiota by increasing the abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria (e.g., Faecalibaculum, and Bifidobacterium), and decreasing the abundance of potentially harmful bacteria (e.g., Bacteroids, and Mucispirillum). TEs restore the decreased production of SCFAs in the feces of colitic mice.ConclusionThe treatment of seven types of tea can alleviate DSS‐induced colitis in mice, and modulate the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in colitis mice.
High‐resolution imaging of the actin cytoskeleton and epithelial sodium channel, CFTR, and aquaporin‐9 localization in the vas deferens
Authors: Sharma Sachin , Kumaran Girishkumar K. , Hanukoglu Israel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractVas deferens is a conduit for sperm and fluid from the epididymis to the urethra. The duct is surrounded by a thick smooth muscle layer. To map the actin cytoskeleton of the duct and its epithelium, we reacted sections of the proximal and distal regions with fluorescent phalloidin. Confocal microscopic imaging showed that the cylinder‐shaped epithelium of the proximal region has a thick apical border of actin filaments that form microvilli. The epithelium of the distal region is covered with tall stereocilia (13–18 µm) that extend from the apical border into the lumen. In both regions, the lateral and basal cell borders showed a thin lining of actin cytoskeleton. The vas deferens epithelium contains various channels to regulate the fluid composition in the lumen. We mapped the localization of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), aquaporin‐9 (AQP9), and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in the rat and mouse vas deferens. ENaC and AQP9 immunofluorescence were localized on the luminal surface and stereocilia and also in the basal and smooth muscle layers. CFTR immunofluorescence appeared only on the luminal surface and in smooth muscle layers. The localization of all three channels on the apical surface of the columnar epithelial cells provides clear evidence that these channels are involved concurrently in the regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance in the lumen of the vas deferens. ENaC allows the flow of Na+ ions from the lumen into the cytoplasm, and the osmotic gradient generated provides the driving force for the passive flow of water through AQP channels.
Outcomes of ileal conduit urinary diversion in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Akakpo William , Chartier‐Kastler Emmanuel , Joussain Charles , Denys Pierre , Lubetzki Catherine , Phé Véronique 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimThe objective of this study was to report the long‐term outcomes and complications of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who underwent noncontinent urinary diversion to treat lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).Material and MethodsA retrospective study included all adult patients with MS who underwent an ileal conduit urinary diversion between 2000 and 2015. Early postoperative complications were reported as well as long‐term complications, reoperation rates, and renal function.ResultsOverall, 91 patients were included. The surgery was indicated for refractory urinary incontinence (n = 73), renal failure (n = 8), major perineal skin ulcer due to urinary incontinence (n = 6), and recurrent urinary tract infections (n = 4). The median follow‐up was 50 months (range, 3‐158 months). A significant reduction (P < .05) of postoperative nonobstructive pyelonephritis rate was observed. There was no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative renal function (P = .32). Early postoperative complications were reported in 24 patients (26%): 4 Clavien I, 6 Clavien II, 9 Clavien III, 4 Clavien IV, and 1 Clavien V. Nine patients required reoperation for these complications (9.9%). Late complications were reported in 28 patients (30.8%): 8 ureteral anastomosis stenosis, 2 stoma stenosis, 2 incisional hernias, 6 kidney or ureteral lithiasis, and 10 pyelonephritis. Among them, 15 patients (16.5%) required reoperation for late complications.ConclusionNoncontinent urinary diversion using ileal conduit appears to be an effective end‐stage solution in MS patients. The perioperative morbidity rate of 26% and the late complication rate of 31% should be considered to better inform patients before the surgery.
Facile and Direct Preparation of Ultrastable Mesoporous Silica with Silver Nanoclusters: High Surface Area
Authors: Aqeel Tariq , Bumajdad Ali 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe report the successful direct synthesis of an ultrastable mesoporous silicon dioxide framework containing silver nanoclusters using a modified true liquid crystal templating method. Our modification produced an extraordinary material with a high average Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller specific surface area of 1785 m2 g−1 – the highest reported surface area to date – and an ultrastable mesoporous structure, which has been stable for nine years so far. This method eliminates the need for reduction of silver oxide into metallic silver and restricts the growth of silver clusters. The silver nanoclusters, with an average size of 1 nm, occupy the pores and walls of the framework. Analysis of the material using nitrogen adsorption/desorption method, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffractometry, energy‐dispersive X‐ray diffractometry, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy is discussed herein.
The Power of Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy in Supramolecular Chemistry: In situ Real‐time Imaging of Stimuli‐Responsive Multicomponent Supramolecular Hydrogels
Authors: Kubota Ryou , Nakamura Keisuke , Torigoe Shogo , Hamachi Itaru 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMulticomponent supramolecular hydrogels are promising scaffolds for applications in biosensors and controlled drug release due to their designer stimulus responsiveness. To achieve rational construction of multicomponent supramolecular hydrogel systems, their in‐depth structural analysis is essential but still challenging. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) has emerged as a powerful tool for structural analysis of multicomponent supramolecular hydrogels. CLSM imaging enables real‐time observation of the hydrogels without the need of drying and/or freezing to elucidate their static and dynamic properties. Through multiple, selective fluorescent staining of materials of interest, multiple domains formed in supramolecular hydrogels (e. g. inorganic materials and self‐sorting nanofibers) can also be visualized. CLSM and the related microscopic techniques will be indispensable to investigate complex life‐inspired supramolecular chemical systems.
Set‐shifting ability is specifically linked to high‐school science and math achievement in Chinese adolescents
Authors: Li Jingguang , Zhao Yajun , Zhou Shan , Pu Yuling , He Hongyu , Zhao Ming 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPrevious meta‐analytic studies have revealed that set‐shifting ability contributes to achievement in math and reading equally during childhood, but less is known about whether set‐shifting ability plays an equally important role in achievement in different school subjects during high‐school learning. To fill this research gap, the current study examined the association between set‐shifting ability and academic achievement among 10th‐grade Chinese adolescents who attended high school (N = 221). Meanwhile, we further explored the possible mechanisms underlying this association by testing the mediating role of math abilities (i.e., arithmetic and algebraic ability). Set‐shifting ability was measured through a task‐switching task in which participants continuously change task rules based on color and shape sets. Academic achievement was indexed by curriculum‐based examination scores. Based on exploratory factor analyses, the achievement scores could be classified into two categories: (a) science and math achievement, including math, physics, chemistry, biology, and geography scores; and (b) humanities achievement, comprising Chinese, English, history, and politics scores. Arithmetic ability and algebraic ability were measured by participants' ability to perform calculations and solve algebraic equations, respectively. Correlation and regression analyses found that set‐shifting ability was related to science and math achievement, but not to humanities achievement. Furthermore, the association between set‐shifting ability and science and math achievement is partly mediated by algebraic ability. Together, these results suggest that set‐shifting ability plays a domain‐specific role in achievement. That is, set‐shifting ability is specifically linked to science and math achievement in Chinese adolescents, and this specific link may be partly mediated by algebraic ability.
Comedication prescription patterns and potential for drug‐drug interactions with antiretroviral therapy in people living with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in Germany
Authors: Lopes Sara , O'Day Ken , Meyer Kellie , Van Stiphout Joris , Punekar Yogesh , Radford Matthew , Haas Jennifer Scarlet 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeVarious first‐line recommended antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens have different drug‐drug interaction (DDI)/contraindication profiles. The aim of this study was to estimate the rate of potential DDIs/contraindications of real‐world prescribed non‐ART comedication with first‐line recommended ART in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Germany.MethodsA retrospective, cross‐sectional cohort design was used to collect non‐ART comedication prescription data from a representative sample of a German health insurance claims database. PLHIV who were prescribed ART during 2016 were included in the analysis. Patients were stratified by sex, age, comorbidities, and time on ART. Prescribed comedications were used to estimate potential DDIs/contraindications for each recommended first‐line ART per patient based on criteria fromwww.hiv-druginteractions.org.ResultsRecords from 2680 PLHIV were analyzed. Prescriptions for non‐ART comedications were common (mean of seven per patient in the overall population, 10.2 in PLHIV aged 50 years and older). Antiretroviral regimens with the lowest proportion of patients with at least 1 potential DDI/contraindication were unboosted integrase inhibitor, non‐tenofovir disoproxil fumarate–based regimens that included raltegravir + emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (13%), dolutegravir + lamivudine (14%), dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine (14%), dolutegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (15%), and bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (19%). Boosted regimens and efavirenz‐based regimens presented the highest potential for DDIs/contraindications.ConclusionsComedication with potential DDIs/contraindications with ART is frequently prescribed among PLHIV in Germany. Potential risks for DDIs/contraindications vary by ART, with the lowest potential seen in unboosted integrase strand transfer inhibitor‐based regimens, including raltegravir + emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide fumarate, followed by three dolutegravir‐based regimens.
Phase mixing in GaSb nanocrystals synthesized by nonequilibrium plasma aerotaxy
Authors: Uner Necip B. , Thimsen Elijah 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIII–V semiconductor nanocrystals are an important class of optoelectronic materials. However, the gas‐phase synthesis of these materials, especially of the stibnides, has been left relatively unexplored. In this study, we demonstrate the synthesis of free‐standing GaSb nanocrystals for the first time, using a novel gas‐phase process. We show that when elemental aerosols are used as precursors for Ga and Sb, the elements mix at the nanometer length scale as the aerosols pass through a nonequilibrium plasma reactor. At sufficiently high plasma power, the mixing produces free‐standing GaSb nanocrystals, with a small amount of excess Ga segregated at the periphery of the particles. The reaction is initiated by vaporization of elemental aerosols in the plasma despite the low‐background temperature. Ion bombardment determines the extent of vaporization of Ga and Sb and thereby controls the ensemble stoichiometry and reaction rates.
Executive functioning in pediatric cystic fibrosis: A preliminary study and conceptual model
Authors: Borschuk Adrienne P. , Molitor Stephen , Everhart Robin S. , Siracusa Christopher , Filigno Stephanie S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundResearch has shown that broad cognitive functioning in individuals with CF is intact. Specific executive functioning (EF) deficits have been identified, however, and adults with CF report more symptoms of ADHD than the general population. EF skills are critical to the management of a complex disease like CF although studies have not adequately examined EF mechanisms in CF. This manuscript (a) described EF in a small sample of children with CF, (b) summarized relations found between EF and psychosocial variables, and (c) presented a conceptual model by which to understand EF's impact on adherence in CF.MethodsData for this preliminary study were collected from 19 children with CF and their caregivers (ages, 6‐18). Caregivers completed questionnaires assessing their child's physical and mental health, their own functioning, and overall family functioning. EF was measured using a parent‐report rating scale. Patient health data were collected from the electronic medical record.ResultsThis sample did not demonstrate elevated levels of EF impairment. Worse EF was related to poor family communication/cohesion, as well as higher treatment burden, worse lung function, poorer adherence, and older age. From these findings, a preliminary model was developed describing EF in the context of CF and adherence.ConclusionsFindings from this preliminary study suggest that the CF regimen and associated symptoms may overload otherwise adequate EF skills. Reducing disease burden and preventing burnout should be a focus of treatment. A better understanding of EF in CF and the impact on adherence would allow for better clinical management and effective design of interventions.
Imatinib melylate as second‐line treatment of bronchiolitis obliterans after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children
Authors: Faraci Maura , Ricci Erica , Bagnasco Francesca , Pierri Filomena , Giardino Stefano , Girosi Donata , Olcese Roberta , Castagnola Elio , Michele Magnano Gian , Lanino Edoardo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe onset of bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) as a pulmonary manifestation of chronic graft vs host disease dramatically changes the prognosis of children undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT). This study aimed to evaluate the overall survival (OS) of children with BO treated with imatinib mesylate (IM).MethodsThis study included children who underwent allo‐HSCTs between January 2000 and December 2016.ResultsAmong 345 patients who underwent HSCTs, 293 were evaluable for BO and 26 (8.9%) developed BO. The cumulative incidence of BO was 4.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.8‐7.5) at 1 year and 7.7% (95% CI, 5.1‐11.1) at 3 years after transplantation. In the group of HSCTs (n = 67) complicated by chronic GvHD (c‐GVHD), the incidence rate of BO was 38.8%. In total, 96.1% of patients with BO had c‐GvHD worse than moderate grade, which was present in 70.7% of patients without BO (P = .011). The mortality rates were 46.1% in the BO group and 27.4% in the group without BO. Half of the patients with BO (n = 13) received IM, and the overall response rate was 76.9%. Four years after HSCT, OS was 42.6% (95% CI, 18.2‐65.3) in the group without IM and 83.3% (95% CI, 27.3‐97.5) in the group with IM.ConclusionsBO after HSCT in the pediatric population has a high incidence and mortality rate. In terms of overall response and tolerability, this study showed relevant improvements in the prognosis of children with BO after the introduction of IM. Further prospective studies among children are needed to confirm these results.
Insights into the venom protein components of the egg parasitoid Anastatus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae)
Authors: Wang Chengxing , Jin Fengliang , De Mandal Surajit , Zeng Lu , Zhang Yuxin , Hua Yanyan , Hong Yingying , Zhao Can , Li Junzhai , Li Dunsong , Xu Xiaoxia 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDParasitoid venom is composed of a complex mixture of various active substances with different biological functions and is injected in the host during the parasitoid oviposition. Anastatus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) is an egg parasite of Tessaratoma papillosa (Hemiptera: Tessaratomidae). Although the venom of this egg parasitoid plays an important role in the parasitic process, relatively little work has been done to address the mechanism.RESULTSIn the present study, proteomic analysis was performed to identify the proteins that play an important role in the parasitic process of A. japonicus. A total of 2084 proteins were identified, including 81 putative venom proteins, most of which were identified as Hexamerin, Chitinase 2, Calreticulin, Heat shock protein 83‐like, Serine protease, Arginine kinase, Phosphoserine aminotransferase and Actin protein. Together the before (Be) and after (Af) parasitization venom contains 1628 proteins, including 212 DEPs with 181 and 31 significantly up‐regulated and down‐regulated respectively. In addition, 10 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) with fold change ≥8.71 were subjected to RT‐qPCR to validate the proteomic data. The differential expression analysis revealed that nine proteins were specifically present in the pre‐parasitic venom, whereas 26 proteins were specific to the post‐parasitic treatments. Results of RT‐qPCR analysis showed high expression of the selected DEPs which further validated our proteomics data.CONCLUSIONThese new proteomic data greatly enrich our current knowledge about key venom proteins associated with parasitic process in A. japonicus and contribute to better understanding of the parasitic mechanisms leading to the development of new biological control strategies. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
A chromosome‐scale draft sequence of the Canada fleabane genome
Authors: Laforest Martin , Martin Sara L , Bisaillon Katherine , Soufiane Brahim , Meloche Sydney , Page Eric 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundDue to the accessibility of underlying technologies the ‘Omics’, in particular genomics, are becoming commonplace in several fields of research, including the study of agricultural pests. The weed community is starting to embrace these approaches; genome sequences have been made available in the past years, with several other sequencing projects underway, as promoted by the International Weed Genome Consortium. Chromosome‐scale sequences are essential to fully exploit the power of genetics and genomics.ResultsWe report such an assembly for Conyza canadensis, an important agricultural weed. Third‐generation sequencing technology was used to create a genome assembly of 426 megabases, of which nine chromosome‐scale scaffolds cover more than 98% of the entire assembled sequence. As this weed was the first to be identified with glyphosate resistance, and since we do not have a firm handle on the genetic mechanisms responsible for several herbicide resistances in the species, the genome sequence was annotated with genes known to be associated with herbicide resistance. A high number of ABC‐type transporters, cytochrome P450 and glycosyltransferases (159, 352 and 181, respectively) were identified among the list of ab initio predicted genes.ConclusionAs C. canadensis has a small genome that is syntenic with other Asteraceaes, has a short life cycle and is relatively easy to cross, it has the potential to become a model weed species and, with the chromosome‐scale genome sequence, contribute to a paradigm shift in the way non‐target site resistance is studied. © 2020 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of CanadaPest Management Science © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Expansion and preservation of the functional activity of adult hematopoietic stem cells cultured ex vivo with a histone deacetylase inhibitor
Authors: Zimran Eran , Papa Luena , Djedaini Mansour , Patel Ami , Iancu-Rubin Camelia , Hoffman Ronald 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Attempts to expand ex vivo the numbers of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) without compromising their marrow repopulating capacity and their ability to establish multilineage hematopoiesis has been the subject of intense investigation. Although most such efforts have focused on cord blood HSCs, few have been applied to adult HSCs, a more clinically relevant HSC source for gene modification. To date, the strategies that have been used to expand adult HSCs have resulted in modest effects or HSCs with lineage bias and a limited ability to generate T cells in vivo. We previously reported that culturing umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells in serum-free media supplemented with valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, and a combination of cytokines led to the expansion of the numbers of fully functional HSCs. In the present study, we used this same approach to expand the numbers of adult human CD34+ cells isolated from mobilized peripheral blood and bone marrow. This approach resulted in a significant increase in the numbers of phenotypically defined HSCs (CD34+CD45RA-CD90+D49f+). Cells incubated with VPA also exhibited increased aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, each functional markers of HSCs. Grafts harvested from VPA-treated cultures were able to engraft in immune-deficient mice and, importantly, to generate cellular progeny belonging to each hematopoietic lineage in similar proportion to that observed with unmanipulated CD34+ cells. These data support the utility of VPA-mediated ex vivo HSC expansion for gene modification of adult HSCs.

Significance statement This study shows that the transplantation of ex vivo valproic acid (VPA)-treated, adult mobilized peripheral blood and bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into immune-deficient mice led to nonbiased long-term multilineage hematopoietic cell engraftment including T cells. These data support the use of VPA-mediated ex vivo HSC expansion for future gene modification strategies.