bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Modified SDS – Based Method Applied for Extraction of High-Quality DNA from Raw Corn and Roasted Soybean
Authors: Sabriu-Haxhijaha Arita , Ilievska Gordana , Stojkovski Velimir , Blagoevska Katerina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The probability of contamination of non-transgenic varieties with genetically modified (GM) products increase as a result of global expansion of areas sown with transgenic crops. DNA-based methods as accurate, efficient and reliable methods are preferable for detection of GM material in raw or highly processed foods. Isolation of high quality DNA with a suitable and efficient DNA extraction protocol is crucial for getting precise results in DNA amplification. In this study, we performed modifications of previously known Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-based DNA extraction method regarding the incubation period, DNA pellet washing and addition of organic solvent extraction, to improve DNA quality and to reduce costs. Raw corn kernels and roasted soybean seed were used as samples. DNA was extracted following three protocols, modifications of Edwards protocol. The type of detergent used in raw corn sample did not cause significant effects on extracted DNA yield and purity, while in roasted soybean samples the 2% (w/v) SDS lysis buffer gave the highest DNA yield. The additional incubation step raised the DNA yield from raw corn for 121%, while the purest DNA from soybean sample was obtained using organic solvent extraction. Electrophoretic determination of DNA integrity showed varying degree of DNA smearing from roasted soybean. Contrary, all extraction protocols used on raw corn kernels produced a high molecular weight DNA. Thus, our in-house DNA extraction protocol is as efficient but more cost effective compared to commercial kits and can be used for raw corn, while the protocol for roasted soybean needs further improvement.
The Use of Social Media by Technology Transfer Offices in Marketing Communications
Authors: Milczarek Sławomir 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The article presents the issue of marketing communication conducted through social media by CTT, affiliated to The Polish Association of Centers for Technology Transfer (PACTT). The objective of this publication is to assess CTT’s use of currently popular social networking sites in the context of communication with Generation Y, i.e. the generation of successors and managers in Polish enterprises. The study was conducted in August 2019 using data collected through critical analysis of secondary sources in the form of websites and social media profiles of all 64 CTTs included in PACTT. The research confirmed that the entities established to find a common ground on communication between science and business, use the opportunities created by social media online communication to a very limited scope.
Evaluation of on-Line Marketing Communication of Scientific Units in the Context of Its Cooperation with Companies from the Lodz Region
Authors: Milczarek Sławomir , Grębosz-Krawczyk Magdalena 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Marketing communication of scientific units has gained a lot of importance at the time of the emergence and development of the hypermedia environment, in particular the Web 2.0 era. The objective of this article is to assess the degree of use of the website by scientific units in the context of potential cooperation with companies. The article presents the results of research conducted in the period 09.2017–03.2018 using the method of critical analysis of secondary sources in the form of websites of all parameterized scientific units located in the Lodz region. Research of the content of websites of scientific units confirmed that scientific units do not use the available spectrum of marketing communication tools in cooperation with companies and that they do not use the language of market benefits in the description of knowledge being the subject of commercialization.
Effect of vacuum conditions on stability and crystallization of cobalt based amorphous alloy
Authors: Yazici Ziya Ozgur 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of moderate vacuum conditions (10 Pa, 1 × 103 Pa and 2 × 104 Pa) on glass forming ability, thermal stability and aging behavior of Co42Cu1Fe20Ta5:5B26:5Si5 amorphous samples in terms of size and distribution of crystalline precipitates. The thinnest parts (300 μm) of the wedge-shaped samples were amorphous for all vacuum conditions, and they had similar compositional, structural and thermal characteristics. However, they represented different microstructural features after heat treatments at 950 K and 1100 K. The same phases precipitated in all samples but the amount and the size of the precipitates increased as the pressure was raised to the normal atmospheric value. The differences in the glass forming ability and the microstructure due to aging are considered to originate from lower thermal characteristics, such as relaxation and reduced glass temperature as well as γ parameter, resulting from the poor vacuum pressure used in the production process. The differences in the microstructures and hardness values caused by heat treatments have been observed.
Synthesis and optical properties of uranium-doped cadmium oxide synthesized by sol-gel method
Authors: Şerbetçi Zafer 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Optical properties of cadmium oxide and uranium-doped CdO thin films synthesized by the sol-gel technique were investigated. The structural properties of the films were investigated using X-ray diffraction patterns of U-doped CdO. It was found that CdO-based films have a cubic NaCl structure. Structural properties of the films were investigated with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Reflectance, transmittance and absorption spectra of the films were measured with UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer. The photoluminescence (PL) behavior of the films was recorded using a fluorescence spectrophotometer. It was found that the nanostructure of the cadmium oxide film is controlled by U doping.
Hafnium dioxide effect on the electrical properties of M/n-GaN structure
Authors: Ali Sadoun , Sedik Mansouri , Mohammed Chellali , Nacereddine Lakhdar , Abdelkader Hima , Zineb Benamara 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In the present paper, using of SILVACO-TCAD numerical simulator for studying the enhancement in Pt/n-GaN Schottky diode current–voltage (I-V) characteristics by introduction of a layer of hafnium dioxide (HfO2) (with a thickness e = 5 nm) between the Pt contact and semiconductor interface of GaN is reported. The simulation of I-V characteristics of Pt/n-GaN was done at a temperature of 300 K. However, the simulation of Pt/HfO2/n-GaN structure was performed in a temperature range of 270 – 390 K at steps of 30 K. The electrical parameters: barrier height (Φb), ideality factor and series resistance have been calculated using different methods: conventional I-V, Norde, Cheung, Chattopadhyay and Mikhelashvili. Statistical analysis showed that the metal-insulator-semiconductor (Pt/HfO2/n-GaN) structure has a barrier height of 0.79 eV which is higher compared with the (Pt/n-GaN) structure (0.56 eV). The parameters of modified Richardson

(

(

ln

(

I

0

T

2

)

-

(

q

2

σ

s
0

2

2

kT

2

)

=
ln

(

AA
*

)

-

q

∅

B
0

kT

)

(\left( {\ln \left( {{{{{\rm{I}}_0}} \over {{{\rm{T}}^{\rm{2}}}}}} \right) - \left( {{{{{\rm{q}}^2}\sigma _{{\rm{s}}0}^2} \over {2{\rm{k}}{{\rm{T}}^2}}}} \right) = \ln \left( {{\rm{AA*}}} \right) - {{{\rm{q}}{\emptyset _{{\rm{B}}0}}} \over {{\rm{kT}}}}} \right)

equation versus (

1

kT

{1 \over {{\rm{kT}}}}

) have been extracted using the mentioned methods. The following values:

A

Simul

*

=
22.65

A
/
cm

2

⋅

K

2

{\rm{A}}_{{\rm{Simul}}}^* = 22.65\,{\rm{A/c}}{{\rm{m}}^{\rm{2}}} \cdot {{\rm{K}}^2}

, 14.29 A/cm2 K2, 25.53 A/cm2 K2 and 21.75 A/cm2 K2 were found. The Chattopadhyay method occurred the best method for estimation the theoretical values of Richardson constant.
Efficiency calculation and comparison of fluidic and solid-body power sources using corpuscular radiation
Authors: Miś Tomasz A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Research done on a set of simple fluidic (with the fluid used as the ionized medium being air under atmospheric pressure) alphavoltaic cells – small ionizing reactors or “nuclear batteries”, designed in the Faculty of Power and Aerospace Engineering of Warsaw University of Technology, Poland – has shown the possibility of accumulation of usable amount of electric charge. Two simple methods are proposed to describe the fluidic alphavoltaic cells in terms of their efficiency. The results of these methods are presented and compared with the efficiencies of other contemporary types of solid-body (semiconductor junction-based) alpha- and betavoltaic cells. The comparison showed that despite the far-reaching simplicity in design, the designed fluidic cells are still more efficient than some of the solid-body devices that use the alpha type of decay.
Remarks to history of radon activity concentration metrology
Authors: Otahal Petr P. S. , Burian Ivo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The radon issue has been known worldwide for dozens of years. Many scientific (ICRP Publication No. 137), technical (ICRU Report No. 88), and legislative (Council Directive 2013/59/EURATOM (EU-BSS)) documents have been published in the last decade. More and more attention is being paid to precise quantification to determine the concentration and consequent effects of various pollutants on human health worldwide. The quality of measurement and the variety of measurement techniques increase the need to unify measurement procedures and metrology continuity. Countries around the world are beginning to unify metrological procedures for determining different quantities based on international recommendations and standards. Not only for these reasons, it became more actual a need for more accurate radon activity concentration measurement and radon metrology unification. This paper summarizes the main remarks and technical aspects to the historical development of radon metrology.
Application of time series models for heating degree day forecasting
Authors: Kuru Merve , Calis Gulben 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study aims at constructing short-term forecast models by analyzing the patterns of the heating degree day (HDD). In this context, two different time series analyses, namely the decomposition and Box–Jenkins methods, were conducted. The monthly HDD data in France between 1974 and 2017 were used for analyses. The multiplicative model and 79 SARIMA models were constructed by the decomposition and Box–Jenkins method, respectively. The performance of the SARIMA models was assessed by the adjusted R
2 value, residual sum of squares, the Akaike Information Criteria, the Schwarz Information Criteria, and the analysis of the residuals. Moreover, the mean absolute percentage error, mean absolute deviation, and mean squared deviation values were calculated to evaluate the performance of both methods. The results show that the decomposition method yields more acceptable forecasts than the Box–Jenkins method for supporting short-term forecasting of the HDD.
Which conservatism? The identity of the Polish Law and Justice party
Authors: Folvarčný Adam , Kopeček Lubomír 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article deals with Poland’s Law and Justice (PiS), considered a conservative party in the scholarly literature. Drawing largely on party manifestos, the article demonstrates the character, the specificities and the evolution of the party’s identity and ideology. A theoretical basis for the undertaking is provided by Klaus von Beyme’s concept of party families, Arend Lijphart’s seven ideological dimensions and classic texts on conservatism. The analysis finds that the most important components in PiS’s current identity are Catholicism itself and the great emphasis the party places on the role of the Catholic Church. Also important for the party’s identity are visions of a nation conceived on ethnic principle, a strong and active state able to form society with a national spirit, anti-communism and a negation of developments in Poland since 1989. A substantial role is played by the quasi-religiously conceived legacy of the party’s co-founder, Lech Kaczyński, who tragically perished in an aircraft crash. With its Catholic-nationalist profile, PiS is close to the Christian current within the conservative New Right, and to Polish National Democracy in the interwar period.
The use of rough rules in the selection of topographic objects for generalizing geographical information
Authors: Fiedukowicz Anna 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Selection is a key element of the cartographic generalisation process, often being its first stage. On the other hand it is a component of other generalisation operators, such as simplification. One of the approaches used in generalization is the condition-action approach. The author uses a condition-action approach based on three types of rough logics (Rough Set Theory (RST), Dominance-Based Rough Set Theory (DRST) and Fuzzy-Rough Set Theory (FRST)), checking the possibility of their use in the process of selecting topographic objects (buildings, roads, rivers) and comparing the obtained results. The complexity of the decision system (the number of rules and their conditions) and its effectiveness are assessed, both in terms of quantity and quality – through visual assessment. The conducted research indicates the advantage of the DRST and RST approaches (with the CN2 algorithm) due to the quality of the obtained selection, the greater simplicity of the decision system, and better refined IT tools enabling the use of these systems. At this stage, the FRST approach, which is characterised by the highest complexity of created rules and the worst selection results, is not recommended. Particular approaches have limitations resulting from the need to select appropriate measurement scales for the attributes used in them. Special attention should be paid to the selection of network objects, in which the use of only a condition-action approach, without maintaining consistency of the network, may not produce the desired results. Unlike approaches based on classical logic, rough approaches allow the use of incomplete or contradictory information. The proposed tools can (in their current form) find an auxiliary use in the selection of topographic objects, and potentially also in other generalisation operators.
The Effective Factors on Knowledge Management in Universities from Physical Education Instructors’ Viewpoints
Authors: Shafiee Shahram , Eskandaripour Mojtaba , Soltani Samira 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation of technology, organizational culture and emotional intelligence with knowledge management using the mediators of organizational structure and empowerment. The methodology of the research was descriptive-correlational and the population of the study consisted of all the physical education instructors of Zanjan universities with three-year teaching record (61 people). The population size using the census sample criterion. Research tool included Stankosky and Baldanza’s technology, organizational culture and structure, Bar-On’s emotional intelligence inventory, Spreitzer and Mishra’s empowerment, Kordnaij et al. and Newman and Conrad’s knowledge management framework questionnaires. The structural equation modelling was used via Smart PLS 2 software for analyzing the data. The results showed that there is a negative and significant relation between technology and knowledge management. Also, there is significant relation between organizational culture and knowledge management, emotional intelligence and knowledge management, technology and organizational structure, organizational culture and organizational structure, technology and empowerment, organizational culture and empowerment, organizational structure and empowerment and empowerment and knowledge management; while the significance of relations between organizational structure and knowledge management and emotional intelligence and empowerment were not confirmed. The results of the present study can help the people in charge of education and research in the universities in order to produce, keep and use the needed knowledge related to proper time and place by making decisions and educating people.
Future Drivers of Leisure Time Physical Activity in Iran
Authors: Ziaee Ali , Aghaei Najaf , Saffari Marjan , Zenouz Reza Yousefi , van Hilvoorde Ivo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Physical activity can contribute to societal health and prevent antisocial behaviors. This study explored the driving forces facilitating these goals in Iran’s socio-cultural context. Through a literature review, investigation of available political documents, interviews with experts and consensus of the research team, seventy-three driving forces were explored from different domains and then categorised via the STEEPV framework. This framework considers drivers from Social, Technological, Environmental, Economic, Political, and Value/Cultural dimensions. The “sport/sport sciences” domain was also considered as an additional domain. In the next step, a questionnaire with an answer scale of 1 to 7 was distributed among experts. The fuzzy Delphi method was used to analyse the collected data. Results showed eighteen drivers from five domains (social, environmental, economic, technological and sport/sports sciences) dramatically influenced leisure time physical activity (LTPA) in Iran. “Physical activity opportunities for vulnerable groups” was identified as the most important driver for participation in LTPA. Results suggest the need for a multidimensional and thorough consideration by organisations, leisure managers and policymakers to discover methods to promote health-related physical activities in the future.
Solvent-free synthesis of 1-amidoalkyl-2-naphthol and 3-amino-1-phenyl-1H benzo[f]chromene-2-carbonitrile derivatives by Fe3O4@enamine-B(OSO3H)2 as an efficient and novel heterogeneous magnetic nanostructure catalyst
Authors: Li Fangping , Zhang Jun , Wang Longjiang , Liu Weijian , Yousif Qahtan A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A green procedure for the one-pot three-component synthesis of 1-amidoalkyl-2-naphthol and 3-amino-1-phenyl-1H benzo[f]chromene-2-carbonitrile derivatives from the reaction of 2-naphtol, aldehydes, and malononitrile/acetamide in the presence of a catalytic amount of Fe3O4@enamine-B(OSO3H)2 as an efficient and novel heterogeneous magnetic nanostructure catalyst is described. The catalyst was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). These strategies possess some merits such as simple work-up method, easy preparation of the catalyst, short reaction times, good-to-high yields, and non-use of hazardous solvents during all steps of the reactions. Moreover, due to the magnetic nature of the catalyst, it was readily recovered by magnetic decantation and can be recycled at least six runs with no considerable decrease in catalytic activity.
UV polymerization and property analysis of maleacylated methyl cellulose acrylic acid absorbent resin
Authors: Li Ying , Sawut Amatjan , Hou Gongbo , He Mingyu , Yimit Mamatjan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, maleic anhydride (MA) was grafted onto methyl cellulose (MC) and then reacted with acrylic acid to synthesize a high gel strength and fast water absorption resin (AA-co-MC-g-MA) by UV polymerization. The reaction conditions of maleylated methylcellulose (MC-g-MA) were investigated, including the ratio of MC to MA, reaction time and catalyst amount. In addition, the reaction conditions for the synthesis of super absorbent resin were as follows: the amount of MC-g-MA, the degree of substitution of MC-g-MA, polymerization time, and the amount of initiator. Under optimal conditions, the maximum water absorption volume of synthetic resin was 2116 g/g, and the maximum salt absorption rate was 139 g/g. The water absorption resin prepared this time had high water absorption, water retention, excellent pH sensitivity, etc. It was hoped that it will have a good application prospect in the field of industrial production and agriculture in the future.
Design of a Monte Carlo model based on dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) scanners for dose and image quality assessment using the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP5) code
Authors: Chantzi Stefania , Papanastasiou Emmanouil , Athanasopoulou Christina , Molyvda-Athanasopoulou Elisavet , Bamidis Panagiotis , Siountas Anastasios 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this work was to develop and validate a Monte Carlo model for a Dual Source Computed Tomography (DSCT) scanner based on the Monte Carlo N-particle radiation transport computer code (MCNP5). The geometry of the Siemens Somatom Definition CT scanner was modeled, taking into consideration the x-ray spectrum, bowtie filter, collimator, and detector system. The accuracy of the simulation from the dosimetry point of view was tested by calculating the Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDI) values. Furthermore, typical quality assurance phantoms were modeled in order to assess the imaging aspects of the simulation. Simulated projection data were processed, using the MATLAB software, in order to reconstruct slices, using a Filtered Back Projection algorithm. CTDI, image noise, CT-number linearity, spatial and low contrast resolution were calculated using the simulated test phantoms. The results were compared using several published values including IMPACT, NIST and actual measurements. Bowtie filter shapes are in agreement with those theoretically expected. Results show that low contrast and spatial resolution are comparable with expected ones, taking into consideration the relatively limited number of events used for the simulation. The differences between simulated and nominal CT-number values were small. The present attempt to simulate a DSCT scanner could provide a powerful tool for dose assessment and support the training of clinical scientists in the imaging performance characteristics of Computed Tomography scanners.
Evaluation of the effect of random setup errors on dose delivery in Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy
Authors: Bharati Avinav , Mandal Susama Rani , Srivastava Anoop Kumar , Rastogi Madhup , Khurana Rohini , Hadi Rahat , Sapru Shantanu , Gandhi Ajeet Kumar , Mishra S.P. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Aim: To conduct a study on the effect of random setup errors inpatient for dose delivery in Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy plans using Octavius 4D phantom.
Materials and methods: 11 patients with cancer of H&N were selected for this study. An IMRT plan was created for each patient. The IMRT quality assurance plans were transferred to Mosaiq workstation in a linear accelerator. These plans were delivered at the reference treatment position. Subsequently, the QA plans were delivered on the Octavius 4D phantom after introducing errors in various translational and rotational directions. The setup inaccuracies introduced varied from 1 mm to 5 mm along X, Y. These setup uncertainties were then introduced along X and Y direction simultaneously in equal measures. Similarly, IMRT plans were delivered also after introducing roll and yaw rotation of 1, 2 and 3 degrees in phantom. The deviation of gamma indices at all these positions was analyzed with respect to the reference setup position.
Results: The percentage of points passing the gamma acceptance criterion decrease as we increase the setup error. The change is found to be very insignificant with setup error up to 2 mm along X, Y or XY direction. Similarly, the rotational error of up to 3 degrees is found to be acceptable.
Conclusions: Small setup (< 2 mm) correction in patients may not adversely affect the dose delivery. But an error of similar magnitude in 2 directions simultaneously has a much greater impact on IMRT dose delivery.