bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Types Of Crimes Perpetration Of Which By Law Enforcement Officer Is Of Criminal And Legal Importance
Authors: Bahan I.V. 
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of some problematic aspects of determining the types of crimes perpetration of which by a law enforcement officer is of criminal and legal importance; various scientific works related to this topic are analyzed.
The status of a law enforcement officer, who is an official, in many cases has criminal and legal value and affects both the qualification of the crime committed and the imposition of punishment. However, it should be noted that in the majority of cases such acts committed by law enforcement officers are too far from their law enforcement activities.
The article investigates crime composition that provides for criminal responsibility for committing crimes by law enforcement officers and delineates them, conditionally dividing the crimes into seven groups that can be committed by a law enforcement officer, and the status of a law enforcement officer is of criminal and legal importance directly in the last four groups.
Attention is drawn to the lack of a comprehensive study of the responsibility of law enforcement officials in the country and to the fact that the status of a law enforcement officer is of criminal and legal significance only in cases when a crime is committed in which according to the provisions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, the subject of a crime is an official himself or when a law enforcement officer commits socially dangerous act, the subject of which is an official, or a qualifying feature of which is the commission of an act by an official using his or her official position, since the law enforcement officer is also an official performing the functions of a representative of the authorities.
Features Of The Legal Regime Of National Parks Under The Legislation Of The Republic Of Poland
Authors: Kobetska N.R. 
Published: February 2020

The article presents an analysis of one of the oldest and most important forms of nature conservation - National Parks, and their regulation in the legislation of the Republic of Poland. The material is based on the systematic interpretation of the Law of the Republic of Poland «On Nature Conservation», the analysis of scientific literature and the identification of some problematic issues of implementation of the prescriptions of the legislation in practice. Much attention is paid to the theoretical characteristics of National Parks, their place among other forms of nature conservation in Poland, the functions they perform. The issues of creation of the National Park, the regime of management of its territory, organization and zoning of the National Park have been consistently revealed. It also analyzes the bans fixed within the National Park and ensures its protection against external adverse effects. Problematic issues are raised related to the removal of land and real estate from private owners, the achievement of a compromise between private economic interests and public environmental interests. A comparison of the basics of functioning of National Parks in Poland and Ukraine is also partly presented.
The author focuses on the differences in the legal regime of national nature parks under the legislation of Ukraine and Poland. The Polish legislation does not distinguish as an independent recreational function and does not allocate separate recreational functions within the national park. At the same time, the organization of tourist routes and the provision of conditions for visiting the park is one of the tasks and a significant source of revenue for the national parks of Poland, and the number of visitors many times exceeds their number in the territories of the national parks of Ukraine. In the territory of the national parks of Poland (as in Ukraine) a combination of exclusive state ownership (in Ukraine - the property of the Ukrainian people) and private property is possible. At the same time, as in Ukraine, the most problematic issue is the acquisition of ownership of real estate (including private land) when creating or expanding the territory of national parks.
Legal Nature And Specificity Of The Mechanism For The Implementation Of Constitutional Responsibility In Ukraine
Authors: Knysh V.V. 
Published: February 2020

The problem of the implementation of constitutional responsibility of Ukraine has two main aspects: 1) the legal aspect, that is, the regulatory framework governing this type of responsibility; 2) organizational aspect - a system of measures aimed at implementing measures of constitutional legal responsibility.
In Ukraine, there is a problem of both regulatory support and the implementation of organizational foundations in this area. That is why the problem of legal consolidation and implementation of the legal liability mechanism in Ukraine is relevant and practically significant.
In connection with all of the above, the article is devoted to the essential and functional aspects of the implementation of constitutional responsibility in Ukraine.
According to the author, the mechanism for the implementation of constitutional legal responsibility is a set of interrelated normative, institutional, functional and ideological elements (autonomous subsystems), with the help of which the conscious use of their rights, fulfilment of obligations, compliance with prohibitions, and in the case of constitutional legal tort - the application of constitutional legal sanctions in order to ensure constitutional legality, discipline and the rule of law.
The author also substantiates that, in our opinion, the following are the signs of the mechanism for implementing constitutional legal responsibility: 1) it is a set of interrelated normative, institutional, functional and ideological elements (autonomous subsystems) 2) is aimed at ensuring the conscious use of constitutional legal relations by subjects (in vol. Ch. And state-power and state-political relations) of their rights, fulfilment of duties, compliance with prohibitions, which ensures the implementation nation, first of all, their positive (perspective) constitutional responsibility; 3) in the event that the above-mentioned entities commit constitutional law tortes, it is aimed at incarnating their negative (retrospective) constitutional responsibility in the form of constitutional legal sanctions; 4) the ultimate goal of the mechanism for implementing the constitutional legal responsibility of subjects of constitutional legal relations (including Ch. And state-power and state-political relations) is to ensure constitutional legality, discipline and law and order in their activities and in the constitutional relations of which they are subjects.
ABSTRACT OF PRACTICAL ACTIVITY OF A WORKGROUP ON «DECOMMUNIZATION» OF PUBLIC AREA OF THE TOWN OF VINNYTSIA: HISTORIAN’S VIEW
Authors: Karoyeva Tatiana 
Published: February 2020

The article deals with practical activity of the workgroup created in order toadminister the Law of Ukraine «On condemnation of totalitarian regimes inUkraine and prohibition of propaganda of their insignia» within the town ofVinnytsia. The workgroup had to reveal objects containing communist andSoviet insignia that exists in the public urban area, to work out advice andpropositions as to replacing town toponyms containing insignia of communistthe totalitarian regime with new names.The article content is arranged in the following blocks: a) creation of theworkgroup; b) decision-making algorithm (from historians’ point of view);c) scientific grounds of historian group activity; d) selection of objects forfurther discussion; e) procedure of discussion of proposed new toponyms.Six historians residing in Vinnytsia were introduced into the workgroup.They belong to various generations and represent both governmental andpublic organizations. The following principles have been defined for organizingof the historian group activity:
- toleration (provides for respectful attitude towards various canons ofhistoric memory except for Soviet-communist one);- historicism (due regard to be paid not only to the past but to currenttendencies and challenges of the future as well);- education (the activity has to promote dialogs between various socialgroups and formation of unified collective memory);- local topicality with a view to the formation of unified image/brand of thetown.Several approaches to practical activity on replacing of toponyms havebeen developed in order to ensure smooth work process. They were intendedto be used simultaneously or in sequence depending on the actual situation butevery proposal was concerned from the proposed standpoints in line with allthe following approaches:- historicity (provides for restoration of historical names of places andimplementation of historical and urban practical methods of representationof the town history in toponymy);- commemoration (this approach traditionally provides for drawing attentionto the formation of ethnic and national identity and cultural matrixof the nation, but in the course of solving of nation-wide problems Vinnytsiahistorian group strived to be oriented to the identity of local urbancommunity);- locality (conformity of toponyms to peculiarities of nature, history,economics and culture of Vinnytsia, Bratslavshchyna, and Podillia regions);- concreteness (provides for conformity of a toponym to its actual local(in line with toponym’s scale) circumstances (geographical, biological,industrial, cultural, religious, personological etc.);- actualization (due regard to be paid to the necessity of drawing attentionto certain events and persons that, as a rule, are not of the nationwidescale).Out of total 836 town place names, 147 toponyms (85 names) have beenreplaced with new ones and reasoning for 5 names (12 toponyms) has beenchanged. Thus decommunization encompassed 19% of the town toponymicalsystem.
Estigma, prejuicio y adhesión al tratamiento: representaciones sociales de personas con tuberculosis
Authors: Maciel Braga Sananda Kayrone , Silva Oliveira Thaiane da , Formiga Flavio Fernanda , Bertino Véras Gerlane Cristinne , Neves da Silva Bruno , Vieira Silva Cícera Renata Diniz 
Published: February 2020

Introducción: La tuberculosis es una enfermedad marcada por estigmas, tabúes y creencias que afectan a las personas por la posibilidad de experimentar prejuicios. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las representaciones sociales de los sujetos afectados por la tuberculosis sobre la experiencia de prejuicio y estigma relacionados con la enfermedad. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio exploratorio, descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo. La población estaba compuesta por individuos diagnosticados con tuberculosis, residentes en la ciudad de Cajazeiras - PB, y la muestra consistió en siete sujetos. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas con datos de identificación y preguntas sobre la representación social de la tuberculosis. Los resultados se consideraron a través del análisis de contenido temático, a la luz de la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales. Resultados: Se identificó la formulación de las siguientes categorías temáticas: vivir con tuberculosis: concepciones sobre la enfermedad; el contexto familiar y social; el dolor que más duele: el alejamiento; el tratamiento y sus dimensiones particulares; el apoyo o falta de este por parte de los servicios de salud. Discusión: El estigma y la discriminación contribuyen a una mala adhesión al tratamiento de la tuberculosis. Conclusiones: El éxito en el tratamiento de enfermedades desatendidas, transmisibles y sujetas a prejuicios, como la tuberculosis, depende en parte de cómo los individuos afectados sean acogidos en la convivencia familiar y social, y por los profesionales de la salud durante el diagnóstico y tratamiento.
Como citar este artigo: Braga SKM, Oliveira TS, Flavio FF, Véras GCB, Silva BN, Silva CRDV. Estigma, preconceito e adesão ao tratamento: representações sociais de pessoas com tuberculose. Rev Cuid. 2020; 11(1): e785. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.785
La visita familiar desde los determinantes sociales de la salud: aporte de enfermería a la atención primaria
Authors: Sánchez Palacio Natalia , Betancurth Loaiza Diana Paola , Jímenez Álvarez Alejandra 
Published: February 2020

Introducción: La visita familiar se convierte en un escenario de aprendizaje significativo para los miembros de los equipos de salud y a la vez en estrategia de impacto social al abordarse desde los determinantes sociales de la salud como aporte a la Atención Primaria en Salud. Objetivo: Analizar la visita familiar desde el enfoque de los determinantes sociales de la salud como aporte para la Atención Primaria en Salud. Materiales y Métodos: El tipo de estudio de caso colectivo se realizó con 3 familias y 13 integrantes de la zona rural dispersa del municipio de Villamaría. El trabajo de campo se realizó entre septiembre/2017 y mayo/2018. Se utilizaron técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas. Como instrumentos se utilizaron la ficha familiar con enfoque de determinantes y guía de preguntas. Para el análisis se destaca la técnica de Bardin. Resultados: Se identificaron las características sociodemográficas donde se describieron los determinantes sociales de la salud mayormente afectados y se realizó la intervención y educación interprofesional basada en los determinantes sociales de la salud (43 actividades), lo cual influyó en la disminución del riesgo de las 3 familias, ubicándolas en riesgo medio. Discusión: se destaca el papel de enfermería en el análisis de los determinantes sociales de la salud durante la visita familiar y la necesidad de abordar los mayormente afectados. Conclusiones: La visita familiar con enfoque de determinantes sociales de la salud, permite comprender las dinámicas familiares en su contexto, teniendo en cuenta las realidades, la historia, los modos de vida y las oportunidades de cambios y emprendimiento de cada una de las familias a las que se les acompaña integralmente.
Como citar este artículo: Sánchez N, Betancurth DP, Jiménez A. La visita familiar desde los determinantes sociales de la salud: aporte de enfermería a la atención primaria. Rev Cuid. 2020; 11(1): e935. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.935
Modernity and the Failure to Maintain the Peace (1918–1938): Comparing the Cases of the Soviet Union and the German Reich
Authors: Мерль Штефан 
Published: February 2020

Citation: Merl S. (2020) Modernity and the Failure to Maintain the Peace (1918–1938): Comparing the Cases of the Soviet Union and the German Reich. Mir Rossii, vol. 29, no 1, pp. 103–131. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2020-29-1-103-131
Modernity brought the promise of a better world – a world in which society and the economy are more rationally organized and in which people themselves could be improved. In the 1880s, European states began to translate the findings of the social sciences into practical politics (“the scientization of the social”). Once the established monarchies had been overthrown in Germany and in Russia, the new political forces needed to legitimize their claim to power before the people. The most practical way to do so was to exploit the idea that the social could be subjected to scientization, and thus legitimize political domination by means of implementing a new type of rationality. With the transition to Stalinism and National Socialism, their approaches became more radical. Both dictatorships launched large-scale projects to restructure their societies according to the concepts of class and race respectively. They bet on an unprecedented degree of state organization and control over the economy and society. Their economic success in the 1930s owed much to rearmament programs, which could do nothing but resolve into a new war. Today it appears surprising how naively expert advice was handled at that time, such that the complete physical destruction of enemies and the idea that lives could be treated as worthless could be sold as a “scientific” means of creating better societies. In order to understand what happened in the Soviet Union and Germany, one cannot look at it from a single national perspective. That is why I adopt an entangled history approach. The dissemination of modern ideas and the scientization of the social were taking place through a network connecting scholars and thinkers from all over the world. This article sets the inter-war period in the context of the whole period during which the scientization of the social was taking place without any particularly critical reflection (from the 1880s to the early 1970s). In the first part, I present the concepts of Modernity and the scientization of the social and propose a periodization of their political use. In the second part, I  focus more specifically on the events and developments in the Soviet Union and Germany, and the means of political communication by which the legitimization of the new powers were achieved.
Features and Prospects of Development of the Institution of Paying Agents
Authors: Brit N. N. 
Published: February 2020

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the legal regulation of the institution of paying agents and banking paying agents in Russia, as well as to the assessment of their development prospects.The first part of the article raises and investigates the issue of the reasons for the existence of different legal regulation of the activities of paying agents and banking paying agents in the Russian Federation. The paper compares general and distinctive features envisaged in the legislation and developed through judicial practice and determines controversial issues requiring solution through improvement of legal provisions in force. In the second part of the paper the author substantiates his view on the prospects of development of the institution of paying agents and banking paying agents, as well as on possible ways of improving the Russian legislation regulating their activities. To sum up, the author makes proposals for changing the existing mechanism of the legal regulation of paying agents and banking paying agents in the Russian Federation.
Conceptual Political and Formal Legal Analysis of the Paris Call for Trust and Security in Cyberspace and Russian Initiatives in the Field of International Law
Authors: Molchanov N. A. , Matevosova E. K. 
Published: February 2020

The state of international security in the modern world directly depends on the security of cyberspace. The authors of the paper explore cybersecurity initiatives, considering their most significant legal and political aspects. The paper contains a scientific and expert assessment of the document adopted on November 12, 2018 the Paris Call for Trust and Security in Cyberspace. Given that Russia leads in initiatives in international formats for discussing cybersecurity issues, the authors of the paper turn to the Russian position on a number of key issues within this framework, indicating that the proposals of the Russian side are ahead of many other international initiatives, in particular in terms of their regulatory potential.The authors conclude that confidence-building measures between states in the absence of binding international legal norms are deprived of an instrumental role in resolving many security problems in rapidly changing cyberspace. A prerequisite for effective international law-making in the field of information security is a dialogue between lawyers, politicians and technical experts.
The Methods of Statutory Interpretation in the Practice of the High Courts of Hungary
Authors: Toth Zoltan J. 
Published: February 2020

Artykuł naukowy traktuje o wykładni prawa dla Sądu Najwyższego na Węgrzech. Autor dokonuje analizy oraz interpretacji charakterystycznej dla Sądu Najwyższego na Węgrzech oraz poszczególnych procesów i zjawisk związanych z wykładnią prawa. Artykuł jest również filozoficznym rozważaniem nad tym, czym jest prawo i czym jest wykładnia prawa, w ujęciu realistycznym i pragmatycznym.
Energy Companies in Poland
Authors: Bański Robert 
Published: February 2020

<p>Celem artykułu jest analiza przedsiębiorstw energetycznych w Polsce i wskazanie ich miejsca w systemie polityki energetycznej. Podjęcie tematu, wynika z kilku przesłanek. Po pierwsze, sektor energii ma kluczowe znaczenie dla funkcjonowania państw, a także jego kondycja ma wpływ na bezpieczeństwo energetyczne. Po drugie, infrastruktura energetyczna ma charakter infrastruktury krytycznej. Po trzecie, za pośrednictwem przedsiębiorstw energetycznych realizowana jest strategia państwa w płaszczyźnie energetycznej, a co za tym idzie są kluczowymi i niezbędnymi podmiotami, które realizują politykę energetyczną państwa.</p>
PERSISTENCIA DE NEUROSIFILIS CONGÉNITA, ¿ES POSIBLE ELIMINARLA? REPORTE DE UN CASO.
Authors: OSORIO CARBONÓ OSCAR , CARBONELL MANOTAS ANDREA 
Published: February 2020

La sífilis congénita es una infección producida por la bacteria Treponema pallidum, debido a que este entra en el torrente sanguíneo fetal de forma directa, hay una propagación hematógena amplia a todos los órganos y tejidos y la gravedad de estas manifestaciones es muy variable. A continuación se presenta un caso clínico, con el objetivo de realizar un análisis de las posibles conductas preventivas, para el manejo oportuno y adecuado de la sífilis gestacional y de esta manera evitar la presentación de sífilis congénita. Aunque no esté disponible la epidemiologia específica sobre neurosifilis congénita, se conoce el incremento en el número de caso de sífilis congénita en los últimos años, lo que constituye un fracaso del sistema de salud para proporcionar una óptima atención prenatal.
KAPASİTE KISITLI ARAÇ ROTALAMA PROBLEMİ İÇİN SEZGİSEL YÖNTEMLER: E-TİCARET TEDARİKÇİLERİNE YÖNELİK BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: ÇEBİ Selçuk , YILDIRIM Burak 
Published: February 2020

Günümüzde teknolojinin gelişmesiyle birlikte birçok üründe arz, ürüne
olan talebi geçmiş bu da işletmeler arasındaki rekabeti arttırmıştır.
İşletmeler bu ortamda ayakta kalabilmek için ürünlerinde müşteri isteklerini
dikkate almalı, daha düşük maliyetlerde istenen kalitede ürünü üretmeli ve
müşteriye ulaşabilmelidirler.
İşletmelerin üretim/hizmet maliyetlerini arttıran en önemli unsurlardan
biri lojistik faaliyetleridir. Araç Rotalama Problem lojistik yönetiminin
ilgilendiği konulardan biridir. Bu çalışmada İstanbul’da bulunan e-ticaret
sitelerinden gelen kargo taleplerini toplayan ve istenilen lokasyona gönderimini
sağlayan bir aracı şirket için araç rotalama problemine yönelik çözüm önerileri
geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Şirketin uzun dönemli planları içerisinde toplama
maliyetlerini azaltmak amacıyla işletme kısıtlarına özgü bir araç rotalama
modülü entegrasyonu da yer almaktadır. İşletmenin çeşitli pazaryterlerine
hizmet vermesi(i) ve bu pazaryerlerinde satılan ürün gamının çeşitliliği(ii),
bu ürünleri sağlayan işletmelerin sayısı(iii) dikkate alındığında
çalışma kapsamında ele alınan problem NP-Zor problem sınıfındadır. Bu tür
problemlerin çözümünde literatürde deterministik modellerden ziyade sezigisel
ya da meta sezgisel yöntemler tercih edilmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında, işletme
kısıtlarına yönelik birçok sezgisel algoritma denenenmesine rağmen en iyi çözümü
veren Süpürme algoritmalı 2-Opt tur geliştirici sezgiseli ve Google OR
çözüm araçlarından Guided Local Search sezgiselinden elde edilen
sonuçlar sunulmuştur. Algoritmalar Python dilinde kodlanmıştır ve çözümler
Windows 8.1, i7 4710MQ, 8 Gb Ram özelliklerine sahip bilgisayar kullanılarak elde
edilmiştir. Guided Local Search gerek toplam toplama süresinde gerekse de
ihtiyaç duyulan araç sayısı bakımından en yi sonucu vermiştir. Her iki
sezgisel, şirketin araç filosundaki sayının yarıya indirebileceği sonucunu
ortaya koymuştur.