bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multiscale virtual element method for the analysis of heterogeneous media
Authors: Sreekumar Abhilash , Triantafyllou Savvas P. , Bécot François‐Xavier , Chevillotte Fabien 
Published: December 2019

SummaryWe introduce a novel heterogeneous multiscale method for the elastic analysis of two‐dimensional domains with a complex microstructure. To this end, the multiscale finite element method is revisited and originally upgraded by introducing virtual element discretizations at the microscale, hence allowing for generalized polygonal and nonconvex elements. The microscale is upscaled through the numerical evaluation of a set of multiscale basis functions. The solution of the equilibrium equations is performed at the coarse scale at a reduced computational cost. We discuss the computation of the multiscale basis functions and corresponding virtual projection operators. The performance of the method in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency is evaluated through a set of numerical examples.
A new formulation of continuous transverse shear stress field for static and dynamic analysis of sandwich beams with soft core
Authors: Ren Shanhong , Zhao Guozhong 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThis article presents a novel formulation for sandwich beams with soft core based on a layerwise description of continuous transverse shear stress field. The transverse shear stress field is assumed to follow a quadratic distribution in thick face layers and a uniform distribution in soft core. Based on stress‐strain relations, transverse shear strain is obtained, and in‐plane displacement field is determined by taking the integral of the transverse shear stain. By enforcing interlaminar displacement continuity, an explicit displacement field expression containing only displacement variables is formulated. In this formulation, interlaminar continuity conditions of displacement and transverse shear stress are satisfied simultaneously, and transverse shear and crosssectional warping effects in thick face layers are accurately taken account. To show characteristics and advantages of the present model, some classical theoretical models are further developed under different kinematic assumptions. The governing equations are derived using Hamilton principle, and finite element solutions for static and dynamic analysis of sandwich beams are presented. Comparisons with exact solution and other well‐known solutions, well demonstrate high accuracy of the present model for sandwich beams with different features. Besides, numerical discussions further reflect accuracy advantages of the present model in static and dynamic analysis of sandwich beams.
Novel formulation for the effects of sloshing with capillarity on elastic structures in linear dynamics
Authors: Ohayon Roger , Soize Christian , Akkaoui Quentin , Capiez‐Lernout Evangéline 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThis article is devoted to the linear dynamics of liquid‐structure interactions for an elastic structure filled with compressible liquid (acoustic liquid), with sloshing and with capillarity effects on the free surface in presence of a gravity field. The objective is to detail the formulation and to quantify the role played by the elasticity in the neighborhood of the triple contact line between the free surface of the compressible liquid and the elastic structure in presence of sloshing and capillarity effects. Most of the works consider that the structure is totally not deformable (rigid tank). Nevertheless, for taking into account the elasticity of the tank, some works have introduced an approximation, which consists in considering a locally undeformable structure in the neighborhood of the triple contact line. The theory presented requires the use of quadratic finite elements for discretizing a new introduced boundary condition. An application has specifically been constructed and presented for quantifying the role played by the elasticity of the structure in the neighborhood of the triple contact line.
A generalized phase field multiscale finite element method for brittle fracture
Authors: Triantafyllou Savvas P. , Kakouris Emmanouil G. 
Published: December 2019

SUMMARYA generalized multiscale finite element method is introduced to address the computationally taxing problem of elastic fracture across scales. Crack propagation is accounted for at the microscale utilizing phase field theory. Both the displacement‐based equilibrium equations and phase field state equations at the microscale are mapped on a coarser scale. The latter is defined by a set of multinode coarse elements, where solution of the governing equations is performed. Mapping is achieved by employing a set of numerically derived multiscale shape functions. A set of representative benchmark tests is used to verify the proposed procedure and assess its performance in terms of accuracy and efficiency compared with the standard phase field finite element implementation.
Women’s coping strategies during the first three months of adjuvant endocrine therapy for breast cancer
Authors: Ahlstedt Karlsson Susanne , Wallengren Catarina , Olofsson Bagge Roger , Henoch Ingela 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimThe aim was to explore stressful events, experienced problems and used coping strategies during the first three months of undergoing ET.DesignThis study used a mixed method design.MethodsA consecutive sample of 39 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer were included at the start of their adjuvant endocrine therapy. A daily coping assessment was used to create daily reports about stressful events or experienced problems and coping strategies.ResultsThe most frequently reported physical problems were sleeping difficulties. Anxiety was the most reported emotional problem. Patients used both emotion‐and problem‐focused coping, and sleeping difficulties were coped by relaxing, and anxiety was coped by thinking about something else.ConclusionsPatients experienced a variety of stressful events or problems during the first three months of endocrine therapy. They also used several coping strategies to endure the treatment.
Second‐order, loosely coupled methods for fluid‐poroelastic material interaction
Authors: Oyekole Oyekola , Bukač Martina 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis work focuses on modeling the interaction between an incompressible, viscous fluid and a poroviscoelastic material. The fluid flow is described using the time‐dependent Stokes equations, and the poroelastic material using the Biot model. The viscoelasticity is incorporated in the equations using a linear Kelvin–Voigt model. We introduce two novel, noniterative, partitioned numerical schemes for the coupled problem. The first method uses the second‐order backward differentiation formula (BDF2) for implicit integration, while treating the interface terms explicitly using a second‐order extrapolation formula. The second method is the Crank–Nicolson and Leap‐Frog (CNLF) method, where the Crank–Nicolson method is used to implicitly advance the solution in time, while the coupling terms are explicitly approximated by the Leap‐Frog integration. We show that the BDF2 method is unconditionally stable and uniformly stable in time, while the CNLF method is stable under a CFL condition. Both schemes are validated using numerical simulations. Second‐order convergence in time is observed for both methods. Simulations over a longer period of time show that the errors in the solution remain bounded. Cases when the structure is poroviscoelastic and poroelastic are included in numerical examples.
Electrical conductivity and mechanical properties, free volume, and γ‐ray transmission of ethylene propylene diene monomer/butadiene rubber composites
Authors: Mohamed Hamdy F. M. , Taha Howayda G. , Alaa Hossam B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMechanism of electrical conductivity (σ), mechanical properties, and γ‐ray transmission properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)/butadiene rubber (BR) composites have been investigated from the viewpoint of free volume (ie, open hole size). The EPDM/BR composites (100/0, 70/30, 50/50, 30/70, and 0/100) loaded with 50 phr carbon black as a reinforcing filler and irradiated with different doses (10, 30, 50, 70, and 100 kGy). The ortho‐positronium lifetime (o‐Ps) for all the composites is measured using the positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy. Linear attenuation coefficients are measured for unirradiated composite at 59.5 keV using 241Am γ‐source. Scan electron microscope, electrical conductivity, stress‐strain, and hardness tests are investigated for all the composites before irradiation at room temperature (25°C). The results show a good linear correlation between the open hole size evaluated by PAL spectroscopy and all of the measured properties. These correlations confirmed the important role played by the free volume (ie, is governed by the open hole size) in all of the electrical conductivity, mechanical, and transmission properties in the composite. The results status that, the composite sample EPDM/BR (0/100) may be used as a radiation resistant material or as a radiation protector for tools in high‐level radiation areas.
Effect of glass fiber reinforcement on the thermal, mechanical, and flame retardancy behavior of poly(lactic acid)/polycarbonate blend
Authors: Hazer Seda , Aytac Ayse 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the thermal, mechanical, and flammability properties of glass fiber (GF) reinforced PLA/PC composites. PLA/PC (50:50) blend was compounded and used as the control sample. Loading levels of GF were altered as 5, 10, 15, and 30 wt%. All composites were produced in a microcompounder and subsequently molded by injection molding. The properties of the composites were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), tensile test, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscope, and cone calorimetry test. The maximum tensile strength value was observed for 30 wt% GF reinforced composite as 110.18 MPa. Similar initial degradation temperatures were obtained for the composites compared to the PLA. The maximum LOI value was determined as 23.1 for 30 wt% GF reinforced PLA/PC among the produced composites. Besides, it is observed that the addition of GF significantly decreased the total heat release rate.
Metallomics‐based platforms for comparing the human blood serum profiles between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia patients
Authors: de Souza Pessôa Gustavo , de Jesus Jemmyson Romário , Balbuena Tiago Santana , Arruda Marco Aurélio Zezzi 
Published: December 2019

RationaleAn evaluation of bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) was carried out, from a metallomics point of view, using native conditions, attempting to preserve the interaction between metals and biomolecules.MethodFor this task, blood serum samples from healthy individuals and patients were compared. In addition, the profiles of metal ions and metalloids involved in the pathologies were quantified, and a comparison was carried out of the protein profile in serum samples of healthy individuals and diseased patients.ResultsAfter optimization and accuracy evaluation of the method, different concentrations of Li, Mg, Mn and Zn were observed in the samples of BD patients and high levels of copper for SCZ patients, indicating an imbalance in the homeostasis of important micronutrients. The treatment, especially with lithium, may be related to competition between metallic ions. BD‐related metallobiomolecules were detected, preserving the binding between metal ions and biomolecules, with four fractions detected in the ultraviolet range (280 nm). Four fractions were collected by high‐performance liquid chromatography/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC/ICP‐MS) and the proteins were identified by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The Ig lambda chain V‐IV region Hil, immunoglobulin heavy constant gama 1 (IGHG1) and beta‐2‐glycoprotein 1 (or ApoH) was identified in SCZ samples, suggesting its relationship with mood disorders. Surprisingly, Protein IGKV2D‐28 was identified only in BD samples, opening up new possibilities for studies regarding the role of this protein in BD.ConclusionsThis approach brings new perspectives to the comprehension of mood disorders, highlighting the importance of metallomics science in disease development. This strategy showed an innovative potential for evaluating mood disorders at the proteomic level, making it possible to identify proteins related to mood disorders and BD.
Adaptive consensus control for stochastic nonlinear multiagent systems with full state constraints
Authors: Xiao Wenbin , Cao Liang , Dong Guowei , Bai Weiwei , Zhou Qi 
Published: December 2019

SummaryIn this paper, the consensus tracking problem is investigated for stochastic nonlinear multiagent systems with full state constraints and time delays. The barrier Lyapunov functions proposed for single‐agent constrained systems are constructively extended to solve the consensus problem for multiagent systems with the full state constraints. Some Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functionals are introduced to compensate for state time delays, which are inherent in the complicated nonlinear systems. Based on the variable separation technique, the difficulty arising from the nonstrict‐feedback structure is overcome. Under a directed communication topology, the distributed neuroadaptive control protocols are proposed to guarantee that all the follower agents follow the trajectory of the leader agent and the full state constraints are not violated. The effectiveness of the proposed distributed adaptive control approach is verified via simulation examples.
Challenges in assessing privacy impact: Tales from the front lines
Authors: Ferra Fenia , Wagner Isabel , Boiten Eerke , Hadlington Lee , Psychoula Ismini , Snape Richard 
Published: December 2019

AbstractData protection impact assessments (DPIAs) aim to identify, rank, and mitigate privacy risks. Even though DPIAs are legally mandated in some cases and privacy professionals perform DPIAs on a daily basis, facilitating the systematic measurement of privacy risks is an open problem. Research on privacy risk measurement often does not take into account the practical needs and requirements for DPIAs in real organizations. In this article, we fill this gap by reporting on focus groups we held with a diverse group of privacy professionals. Through thematic analysis, we identify three themes that emerged from the focus groups: (a) how privacy in the contemporary society affects privacy risk assessment; (b) current practices and procedures in privacy risk assessment; and (c) common issues and challenges. Based on these themes, we identify future research directions for privacy risk measurement. Our article can help to ground research on privacy risk measurement in practical challenges faced by privacy professionals.
Mechanical properties and postcracking behavior of self‐compacting fiber reinforced concrete
Authors: Çelik Zinnur , Bingöl Ahmet F. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFiber reinforced concrete is widely used due to its high ductility, energy absorbing capacity, and tensile strength. In this study, the effects of fibers on fresh concrete properties and mechanical properties of self‐compacting fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) were investigated. Basalt fiber (BF), glass fiber (GF), and polypropylene fiber (PPF) were added to the concrete mixtures at the ratios of 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, and 0.30% by volume. The impacts of the content and type of fiber on the fresh SFRC properties (slump–flow diameter, V‐funnel flow time, and blocking rate) and mechanical properties such as compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, and toughness index were analyzed. In addition, the microstructure among cement paste and fibers were investigated using scanning electron microscope images. The results show that the adding of fiber to the mixtures significantly improved the flexural and tensile strength, whereas no significant change in compressive strength was observed. In addition, toughness, which is an important parameter for SFRC, was also determined according to ASTM C 1609. None of the BF and GF specimens reached the intended deflection of L/150 (L is the span). A rapid decrease in load was observed after peak load in both fiber types and the samples showed a brittle fracture. On the contrary, the PPF series showed markedly different postcracking behavior than the BF and GF. Compared with the plain concrete, TL/150 of SFRC with BF, GF, and PPF increase by 29–54%, 17–36%, 133–172%, respectively.
Fluorescent hybrid silica nanoparticles and their biomedical applications
Authors: Yang Shaobo , Li Yongsheng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBenefitting from the subtle combination of robust inorganic silica with organic dyes, fluorescent hybrid silica nanoparticles are getting more and more attention by virtue of their excellent aqueous solubility, superior photo‐ and chemical stability, negligible cytotoxicity, and multifunctional capability. On overcoming the disadvantages of traditional organic dyes, fluorescent hybrid silica nanoparticles have exhibited promising biomedical application potentials both in vitro and in vivo, such as bioimaging, anti‐tumor theranostics and biosensing, etc. In this review, various fluorescent hybrid materials based on colloidal silica nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles and silica‐block copolymer hybrid micelles are discussed from the design, synthesis to their biomedical applications. Especially, the fluorescent hybrid silica/organosilica cross‐linking block copolymer micelles are introduced in detail. Finally, the prospects and challenges of these fluorescent hybrid silica nanoparticles in terms of their design, synthesis, and biomedical application are presented.This article is categorized under:
Diagnostic Tools > in vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Monodromy relations from twisted homology
Authors: Casali Eduardo , Mizera Sebastian , Tourkine Piotr 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe reformulate the monodromy relations of open-string scattering amplitudes as boundary terms of twisted homologies on the configuration spaces of Riemann surfaces of arbitrary genus. This allows us to write explicit linear relations involving loop integrands of open-string theories for any number of external particles and, for the first time, to arbitrary genus. In the non-planar sector, these relations contain seemingly unphysical contributions, which we argue clarify mismatches in previous literature. The text is mostly self-contained and presents a concise introduction to twisted homologies. As a result of this powerful formulation, we can propose estimates on the number of independent loop integrands based on Euler characteristics of the relevant configuration spaces, leading to a higher-genus generalization of the famous (n −3)! result at genus zero.
Barriers to cervical cancer screening in Guatemala: a quantitative analysis using data from the Guatemala Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Gottschlich Anna , Ochoa Pamela , Rivera-Andrade Alvaro , Alvarez Christian S. , Mendoza Montano Carlos , Camel Claudia , Meza Rafael 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objectives
Examine the association between commonly reported barriers to health care, including discordant spoken languages between patients and providers, and reported previous cervical cancer screening.

Methods
Data from the nationally representative Guatemala National Maternal and Child Health Survey from the Demographic and Health Surveys Program were used to explore associations between barriers and screening rates nationwide and in high-risk populations, such as rural and indigenous communities. Negative binomial regressions were run accounting for survey sample weights to calculate prevalence ratios.

Results
64.0%, 57.5% and 47.5% of women reported ever screening, in the overall, indigenous, and rural populations, respectively. Overall, never screened for cervical cancer was associated with the following health barriers: needing permission, cost, distance, not wanting to go alone, and primary language not spoken by health providers, even after adjustment for age, ethnicity, and literacy.

Conclusions
Offering screening programs alone is not enough to reduce the burden of cervical cancer in Guatemala. Measures need to be taken to reduce barriers to health care, particularly in rural areas, where screening rates are lowest.
Assessment of the naphthalene sublimation technique for determination of convective heat transfer in fundamental and industrial applications
Authors: Niebles Atencio B. , Jamshidi H. , Liljemark M. , Nilsson H. , Chernoray V. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe naphthalene sublimation technique is an experimental method for indirectly determining convective heat transfer. The technique is here assessed for two different configurations: the local heat transfer distribution for a circular air jet impinging normal to a flat surface, and the heat transfer occurring in the stator core of an electric generator model. The turbulent impinging jet is fully developed. Two Reynolds numbers based on the nozzle exit condition, 15000 and 23000, and two nozzle diameter distances from the jet exit to the surface, 6 and 8, are considered. For the generator turbulent internal flow with Reynolds number of 4100 is considered, based on the hydraulic diameter of stator ventilation ducts. Modern surface scanning methods and imprints of the naphthalene specimens were used for measuring the naphthalene sublimation rate. The impinging jet results are compared with experimental data found in the literature. Results from the generator model and numerical simulations are compared. For the impinging jet, the results show agreement with the already published experimental data sets. For the generator model, heat transfer results from experiments differ by around 13% compared to numerical results if a scanning of the surface is used for measuring the naphthalene sublimation and around 5% if weights are used for measuring the sublimation rate. Therefore, the results depend on the way the sublimation rate is quantified. From this study, it is possible to affirm that with advanced scanning procedures, the heat transfer can be resolved with very small naphthalene sublimation in cases of both fundamental and complex industrial applications such as electric generators.