bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infection Prevention and Control Measures at the Children Hospital Lahore: A My Child Matters Collaborative Project
Authors: Faizan Mahwish , Caniza Miguela A. , Anwar Saadia , Kashif Rahat-ul-Ain , Saleem Rabia , Javed Humera , Zafar Aizza , Taj Mary Munaza , Hameed Ambreen , Homsi Maysam , Rathore Ahsan Waheed , Sadiq Masood , Gonzalez Miriam , Zaidi Alia 
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE Infection prevention among children with cancer is a major challenge at Children Hospital Lahore (CHL), a public health care facility in Pakistan with 1,000 new pediatric cancer admissions annually. The objective has been to reduce infections through collaboration between CHL and the St Jude Children’s Hospital Global Infectious Disease program via a grant by the Sanofi Espoir foundation through the My Child Matters program. The aim of the current study was to describe the effect of the collaborative improvement strategy on existing infection prevention and control (IPC) standards at CHL. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our work was a prospective before-and-after study to improve IPC standards. We compared the WHO Hand Hygiene Self-Assessment Framework and four modules of the St Jude modified Infection Control Assessment Tool (ICAT) scores over a 3-year period. Our strategy included creating a multidisciplinary team of pediatric oncologists, infectious disease physicians, nurses, a microbiologist, and a data manager; engaging in monthly online IPC mentoring sessions with St Jude Children’s Hospital Global Infectious Disease program and My Child Matters mentors; performing daily inpatient health care–associated infection surveillance rounds; and performing regular hand hygiene training and compliance audits. RESULTS Baseline needs assessment showed health care–associated infections identified by positive blood cultures as 8.7 infections per 1,000 patient-days. Deficient hand hygiene supplies, health education measures, and bed sharing of neutropenic patients were identified as major challenges. Our hand hygiene facility level, per WHO scores, increased from Inadequate to Intermediate/Consolidation by the end of the 3-year implementation (122 v 352 WHO Hand Hygiene Self-Assessment Framework scores). The sink:bed and hand sanitizer:bed ratios improved to 1:6 and 1:1, respectively. The ICAT general infection control module increased by 40% (45 v 78 ICAT scores) and hygiene compliance improved by 20%. CONCLUSION Implementing a collaborative improvement strategy improved IPC standards in our center, which can be easily replicated in other pediatric oncology centers in lower- and middle-income countries.
Safety and Evidence of Off-Label Use of Approved Drugs at the National Cancer Center Hospital in Japan
Authors: Bun Seiko , Yonemori Kan , Sunadoi Hiroko , Nishigaki Rena , Noguchi Emi , Okusaka Takuji , Nishida Toshirou , Fujiwara Yasuhiro 
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE: In Japan, for pharmaceutical products to be covered by public medical insurance, their efficacy and safety must first be confirmed in clinical trials. To our knowledge, this study is the first investigation into the off-label use of pharmaceutical products at a high-volume cancer treatment center in Japan. The objective of this study is to explore the framework necessary for future pharmaceutical development and regulatory approval in the field of oncology by surveying the frequency of and indications for off-label use of pharmaceutical products at the National Cancer Center Hospital in Tokyo, Japan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The pharmaceutical products used off-label in daily practice from 2003 to 2015 at the National Cancer Center Hospital were retrospectively examined based on applications that had been submitted to an internal review committee requesting off-label use. RESULTS: A total of 1,390 applications were submitted during the study period. The most frequently used supporting documents were the results of phase II trials, followed by case series and phase III trials. The cancer most frequently treated with off-label drugs was sarcoma (15.1%), followed by urologic cancer (9.2%) and GI cancer (7.6%). CONCLUSION: As reported in previous studies, pharmaceutical products were generally used off-label for the treatment of rare cancers, for which large-scale clinical trials are difficult to conduct. Continued discussion of the types of frameworks that are needed to guide pharmaceutical development is necessary.
Alcoholic hepatitis and metabolic disturbance in female mice: a more tractable model than Nrf2−/− animals
Authors: Sheriff Lozan , Khan Reenam S. , Saborano Raquel , Wilkin Richard , Luu Nguyet-Thin , Gunther Ulrich L. , Hubscher Stefan G. , Newsome Philip N. , Lalor Patricia F. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is the dramatic acute presentation of alcoholic liver disease, with a 15% mortality rate within 28 days in severe cases. Research into AH has been hampered by the lack of effective and reproducible murine models that can be operated under different regulatory frameworks internationally. The liquid Lieber-deCarli (LdC) diet has been used as a means of ad libitum delivery of alcohol but without any additional insult, and is associated with relatively mild liver injury. The transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protects against oxidative stress, and mice deficient in this molecule are suggested to be more sensitive to alcohol-induced injury. We have established a novel model of AH in mice and compared the nature of liver injury in C57/BL6 wild-type (WT) versus Nrf2−/− mice. Our data showed that both WT and Nrf2−/− mice demonstrate robust weight loss, and an increase in serum transaminase, steatosis and hepatic inflammation when exposed to diet and ethanol. This is accompanied by an increase in peripheral blood and hepatic myeloid cell populations, fibrogenic response and compensatory hepatocyte regeneration. We also noted characteristic disturbances in hepatic carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Importantly, use of Nrf2−/− mice did not increase hepatic injury responses in our hands, and female WT mice exhibited a more-reproducible response. Thus, we have demonstrated that this simple murine model of AH can be used to induce an injury that recreates many of the key human features of AH – without the need for challenging surgical procedures to administer ethanol. This will be valuable for understanding of the pathogenesis of AH, for testing new therapeutic treatments or devising metabolic approaches to manage patients whilst in medical care.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the joint first authors of the paper.
Urea/Thiourea Based Optical Sensors for Toxic Analytes: A Convenient Path for Detection of First Nerve Agent (Tabun)
Authors: Kumar Vinod 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the realm of supramolecular chemistry, the development in synthetic receptors for harmful analytes has attracted substantial attention in recent decades due to the fact that a huge number of chemical and biological processes involve molecular recognition of these species. It is therefore important to develop methods/techniques for sensing such analytes. To design and develop a chemical sensor, one or more urea/thiourea fragments are incorporated in acyclic, cyclic, or polymeric frameworks that are directly attached to the signaling units as well as spacers. Being a good hydrogen bond donor, urea/thiourea has an excellent binding affinity for anionic and neutral species. In our research, we designed and developed urea/thiourea based novel receptors decorated with finely tuned signaling units and spacers for the detection of fluoride, cyanide, and tabun (first nerve agent). The developed chromogenic and fluorogenic hosts instantaneously detect these toxic anions and analytes with exceptional selectivity over other interfering agents. Inspired by the multianalyte detection approach, we further aimed to explore novel chromo-fluorogenic receptors that not only detect these analytes but also differentiate from one another. Urea/thiourea motifs have been extensively used in the chemosensing of anionic and neutral analytes, supramolecular catalysis, and supramolecular medicinal chemistry. In this Account, these studies have also been briefly summarized.
An AIE-based Fluorescent Probe for Detection of Picric Acid in Water
Authors: Wang Zhonglin , Si Shufan , Luo Zijie , Qin Tianyi , Xu Zhongyong , Liu Bin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Detection of picric acid (PA) is essential for public security, environment protection and human health. In this work, we have designed and synthesized a photostable fluorescent probe with aggregation-induced emission character enabling rapidly sensing PA in pure water. This probe showed high sensitivity and selectivity to PA with the limit of detection as 320 nM, and was also utilized as paper strips for PA detection.
Design of Interfaces and Phase Interfaces on Cathode Catalysts for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
Authors: Inoue Gen , Takenaka Sakae 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Development of heterogeneous catalysts for energy conversion has been required to solve environmental issues arising from the combustion of fossil fuels. Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) are promising power generation devices alternative to the internal combustion engine. PEFC performance is strongly dependent on the catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode because of sluggish kinetics. Thus, highly active and durable Pt-based cathode catalysts with tailored geometrical and electronic structures have been widely developed. The Pt-based catalysts have been used in membrane-electrode-assembly (MEA) of the PEFC, where the catalyst particles are integrated as the catalyst layers a few micrometers thick. Porous structure and morphology in the catalyst layers with nanometer to micrometer scale should be designed for the facile diffusion of oxygen, proton and water. In this highlight review, we provide an overview for the development of catalysts and catalyst layers with high activity and durability for the PEFC.
Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Effectiveness of Maintenance Ibrutinib – Case Report
Authors: Krasowska Danuta , Szczepnek Aleksandra , Kozioł Magdalena , Szczepanek-Wąsik Ewa 
Published: October 2020

Mantle cell lymphoma is a rare subtype of non- Hodgkin lymphoma with life-threatening course of disease. It mostly affects older adults in their sixth or seventh decade of life with male to female predominance of 3 to 1. It prognosis is very poor and the treatment is demanding. The golden standard therapy for younger, fit patients <65 years is chemoimmunotherapy such as R-CHOP/R-DHAP rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin hydrochloride, vincristine, prednisolone, dexamethasone, cytarabine and cisplatin) followed by BEAM chemotherapy (carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan) and autologous- stem-cell transplant (ASCT). Nevertheless MCL is mainly recognized in patients of average age 67 in whom comorbidities often play a crucial role during treatment.A 56- years old patient was admitted to the Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with clinical symptoms such as heavy night sweats, generalized enlargement of lymph nodes, massive weight loss, dyspnea and fatigue. Initial physical examination and imaging showed enormous hepatosplenomegaly, mass in the lungs and fluid in the pleural cavity.The patients underwent chemioimmunotherapy consolidated with an autologous stem cell transplant. To date, the patient is on maintenance treatment with ibrutinib.
Lipid disorders in blue-collar workers in Lubelskie region
Authors: Jankowska Paula , Jankowski Krzysztof , Rudnicka-Drożak Ewa , Kamiński Piotr 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionLipid disorders are the most important risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). For clinical practice and assessment of patient`s cardiovascular risk the most relevant is to determine plasma concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C). Blue-collar workers are a group of patients with higher estimated cardiovascular risk than other workers groups.The aim of the studyThe aim of the study was to asses prevalence of lipid disorders in blue-collar workers from Lubelskie region.Material and methodsThe method of this paper was to perform a retrospective analysis of data provided by the National Health Fund. The study population enclosed patients aged 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 included in the Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Program held in Primary Healthcare (PH) setting on the area of Lubelskie region in years 2008-2018. Patients analyzed were blue-collar workers. The chi-square test was used to test the relationship between the two qualitative features and the Pearson linear correlation between the quantitative features. The analyzes were performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 25 program (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). The significance level was assumed to be α = 0,05.ResultsIn 26 226 patients hyperlipidemia was observed in 65,6% and LDL cholesterol levels higher than 115 mg/dl in 52,8% of patients. The mean total cholesterol serum concentration was 203,8 mg/dl, LDL cholesterol - 120,1 mg/dl and median triglycerides concentration – 101,0 mg/dl.ConclusionsHyperlipidemia was a common problem in blue-collar workers in Lubelskie region in years 2008-2018. Intense prophylactic actions are needed to reduce cardiovascular risk of this group of population.
The relationship between the occurrence of psoriasis and depression
Authors: Obuchowska Karolina , Obuchowska Aleksandra , Standyło Arkadiusz , Wójcik Justyna , Ozga Alicja 
Published: October 2020

Psoriasis (skin psoriasis, PsO) is a chronic auto‐immune skin inflammatory condition. In about one-third of cases, the joints are affected (psoriatic arthritis, PsA). Both conditions, especially PsA, profoundly impact patients' health-related quality of life. This disease affects between 2% and 3% of the population. The onset occurs before the age of 40 as a sharply demarcated scaly, red skin lesions, most often on the elbows, knees, scalp, hands, feet and joints considering osteoarticular involvement. Patients are suffering from itching, irritations, stinging and pain. Etiology of this disease is multifactorial, with genetic and environmental involvement, psychological stress and depression being the key factors considering the onset, flare or therapeutic resistance of psoriatic disease. The purpose of this article is to review and analyze how depression and stress affect the life of patients with psoriasis and in which way prevention could play a role regarding the evolution of this disease.Proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)‐1 and IL‐6 are elevated in both psoriasis and depression, indicating that the inflammatory process may be involved in the progression of both diseases. Psoriasis has long been recognized to be associated with potentially adverse effects on mental health. However, there have been relatively few studies evaluating psychological outcomes in patients with psoriasis.Depression and stress decrease the quality of life, psoriasis being the last drop in the glass, with bimodal intensification of these pathologies. Quality of life in patients with psoriasis is directly associated with the severity of the disease, family status, work status and stigmatization.
Risk factors for gallbladder cancer
Authors: Suchodolska Magdalena , Świerczyńska Blanka , Undziakiewicz Adrian , Smoluchowski Krzysztof , Sekuła Michał 
Published: October 2020

Introduction and purpose: Gallbladder cancer is the most common neoplasm of the bile duct. Early GBC is usually asymptomatic, but is prone to early metastases. This means that most GBC cases are diagnosed very late, and this contributes to the poor prognosis of this disease. Less than 20% of GBC cases qualify for a potentially curable surgical resection at the moment of diagnosis. The article is an overview of available literature describing current epidemiology and etiological risk factors associated with the development of gallbladder cancer (GBC). We performed a review of the articles on the etiology and GBC carcinomatosis.Brief description of the state of knowledge: We divided risk factors of GBC into independent and dependent. The independent risk factors are: age, sex, cholelithiasis, porcelain gallbladder, gallbladder polyp, anomalous junction of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system, high BMI and obesity, and Helicobacter pylori. On the other hand, the dependent risk factors are: age of first pregnancy and number of pregnancies, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, lipid peroxidation products, and aflatoxins. Gallbladder cancer appears to be a multifactorial disease, but the main risk factors are: cholelithiasis and porcelain gallbladder developing from chronic cholecystitis.Conclusions: For understanding the etiopathology of GBC more studies have to be conducted, what may allow to establish reliable biomarkers and invent new preventive strategies and more effective treatment.
Advancement level of mobile applications intended for type 1 diabetes therapy supporting
Authors: Nowicki Tomasz Jerzy , Nowicki Grzegorz Józef , Ślusarska Barbara 
Published: October 2020

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycaemia due to defective secretion and/or action of insulin. Chronic hyperglycaemia is associated with damage, dysfunction, and failure of various organs, in particular eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels. It is estimated that the number of patients with type 1 diabetes accounts for about 10% of all diabetics, even more children and young adults i.e. under 30 constitute between 85 – 90 % of morbidities. The fundamental part of type 1 diabetes therapy is providingpatient with an external insulin therapy. The objective of this research was to formulate requirements concerning mobile applications for diabetes 1 therapy as well as an overview and a classification of such applications currently available. This paper includes a set of 20 requirementsfor mobile applications intended for type 1 diabetes patients. Some of them are beyond the possibilities of the modern-day IT industry. Nowadays there is no applications that meets all of the criteria. However, the tendency to fulfill all of them can be noticed.
Numerical analysis of a thermally tunable spectrally selective absorber enabled by an all-dielectric metamirror
Authors: Erçaglar Veysel , Erturk Volkan , Ghobadi Amir , Yildirim Deniz Umut , Ozbay Ekmel 
Published: October 2020

In this Letter, we numerically propose a temperature-tunable,
ultra-narrowband one-way perfect near-infrared radiation absorber with
high transmission in the longer wavelength neighboring spectral range.
We obtained this functionality by using a guided-mode resonance-based
grating-waveguide metamirror that is comprised of silicon, a spacer
dielectric, an absorbing semiconductor, and germanium. Within the
ultra-narrow bandwidth of the guided-mode resonance excited at 1.16 µm
with a full width at half-maximum of 3.3 nm, we confirmed perfect
absorption when light is incident from one of the two opposite
directions. Excitation from the opposite direction resulted in perfect
reflection. The thickness of the entire structure is limited to about
one third the operating wavelength. Furthermore, due to the
temperature tunability of silicon and germanium the thermo-optical
sensitivity was found to be approximately 0.068 nm/K. In addition to
this spectral tunability, our proposed device supports transparency
windows with 80% transmission in the higher wavelength ranges. Our
device is highly promising in the applications of thermo-tunable
modulators and obtaining single frequency near-infrared signals from
broadband sources.
AI-enabled real-time dual-comb molecular fingerprint imaging
Authors: Voumard Thibault , Wildi Thibault , Brasch Victor , Álvarez Raúl Gutiérrez , Ogando Germán Vergara , Herr Tobias 
Published: October 2020

Hyperspectral imaging provides spatially resolved spectral information. Utilizing dual-frequency combs as active illumination sources, hyperspectral imaging with ultra-high spectral resolution can be implemented in a scan-free manner when a detector array is used for heterodyne detection. Here, we show that dual-comb hyperspectral imaging can be performed with an uncooled near-to-mid-infrared detector by exploiting the detector array’s high frame rate, achieving 10 Hz acquisition in 30 spectral channels across 16,384 pixels. Artificial intelligence (AI) enables real-time data reduction and imaging of gas concentration based on characteristic molecular absorption signatures. Owing to the detector array’s sensitivity from 1 to 5 µm wavelength, this demonstration lays the foundation for real-time versatile imaging of molecular fingerprint signatures across the infrared wavelength regime with high temporal resolution.
Diagnostic value of platelet indices for neonatal bacterial sepsis
Authors: Rohadi Ading , Ramadanti Afifa , Indrayady Indrayady , Bakri Achirul 
Published: October 2020

Background Neonatal bacterial sepsis is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Blood culture as a gold standard, as well as C reactive protein (CRP), micro erythrocyte sedimentation rate (micro ESR), white blood count (WBC), and immature-to-total (I/T) ratio as a sepsis screens are currently used methods, but their utility may be limited due to delayed reporting. Platelet indices are one of the parameters which can be helpful in the diagnosis of neonatal bacterial sepsis.
Objective To evaluate the use of platelet indices, either alone or in combination, with other laboratory screening parameters to diagnose neonatal bacterial sepsis.
Methods Neonates admitted to the Neonatal Unit of RSUP Dr. Muhammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang, South Sumatera, and showing symptoms of sepsis were included in this study. Subjects underwent testing for blood culture, sepsis screen (CRP, micro ESR, WBC, I/T ratio), and platelet indices [platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW)].
Results The 107 neonates who fulfilled the inclusion criteria consisted of 42 neonates with proven bacterial sepsis (positive blood culture), 10 neonates with probable bacterial sepsis (positive sepsis screen and negative blood culture), and 55 with clinical bacterial sepsis (negative in both blood culture and sepsis screen). There were no significant differences in platelet count among the proven bacterial sepsis, probable bacterial sepsis, and clinical bacterial sepsis groups. Platelet count < 150,000/ml, PDW ³ 16.8 fL, MPV ³ 10.8 fL and combinations of the three, were highly specific markers for proven sepsis, with specificities of 92.3%, 97%, 75.4%, and 80%, respectively. However, all of these parameters were poor predictive markers for positive cultures in neonatal clinical bacterial sepsis, with sensitivities of 19%, 7.1%, 35.7%, and 23.8%, respectively.
Conclusion Platelet indices have high specificity but low sensitivity for the prediction of proven neonatal bacterial sepsis.