bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of dual antiplatelet therapies after coronary endarterectomy combined with coronary artery bypass grafting: a cohort study.
Authors: Yan Hua , Tiemuerniyazi Xieraili , Song Yangwu , Xu Fei , Feng Wei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCoronary endarterectomy (CE) combined with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) can be the only option for complete revascularization in some patients with diffuse coronary artery disease. Unfortunately, CE can cause the lack of endothelium, resulting in increased risk of thrombotic events. Therefore, antithrombotic therapy is very important after surgery. However, there’s no consistent protocol exists till now. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of dual antiplatelet therapies (DAPT) including aspirin plus clopidogrel (AC) or ticagrelor (AT) after CE + CABG.MethodA total of 137 continuous patients (mean age 60.0 ± 9.0 years) underwent CE + CABG from January 2016 to July 2018 in our center, and patients who received dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after surgery (n = 121) were included in this study. All of the patients received aspirin 100 mg daily therapy after surgery, and 67 of the patients received extra clopidogrel 75 mg (AC) daily therapy, whereas 54 received extra ticagrelor 90 mg (AT) twice daily. All patients continued aspirin monotherapy after 1 year. Occurrence of ischemic events and bleeding events between two groups were compared. Kaplan-Meier survival was used to compare freedom from major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) between two groups, and log-rank test was used to confirm statistical difference.ResultsFollow-up was completed by 99.2%, and median follow-up time was 30.0(22.5, 35.2) months. No operative death was observed, while perioperative myocardial infarction was observed in 2(1.7%) patients (AC 1.5% vs. AT 1.9%, p = ns). One patient in AC group suffered from cardiac tamponade. During the follow-up period, no death was observed. Ischemic events including nonfatal myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization and ischemic stroke were observed in 6(5.0%) patients (AC 4.5% vs. AT 5.6%, p = ns). Overt bleeding had occurred in 3(2.5%) patients (AC 3.0% vs. AT 1.9%, p = ns). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that MACCE-free survival of the two groups at 3 years was 97.0% in the AC group versus 94.1% in the AT group (p = ns).ConclusionIn patients undergoing CE + CABG, DAPT therapy can be effective and safe with comparable results between AC and AT therapy in terms of ischemic and bleeding events. Further studies are needed.
Peptidome Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Neonates with Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage
Authors: Hou Xuewen , Yuan Zijun , Wang Xuan , Cheng Rui , Zhou Xiaoguang , Qiu Jie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBD) causes neonatal death and serious neurological disability; however, there are currently no promising therapies for it excepting cooling. Therefore, in this study, we used peptidome analysis to identify differentially expressed peptides in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of neonates with HIBD or controls, which may give a foundation for finding new promising drugs of neonatal HIBD. CSF samples were collected from neonates with HIBD (n = 4) or controls (n = 4). ITRAQ LC-MS/MS was used to identify differentially expressed peptides between two groups. Effects of the peptide from heat shock protein 90-alpha (HSP90α/HSP90AA1) on cell viability and pyroptosis under oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) were analyzed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) Assay. Expressions of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. Compared with the control group, one peptide significantly up-regulated and thirty-four peptides significantly down-regulated in the CSF of neonates with HIBD. A fragment of HSP90α/HSP90AA1 is the 2671.5 Da peptide (HSQFIGYPITLFVEKER), one of the down-regulated peptides in neonatal HIBD. This peptide, we named it HIBDAP, inhibited pyroptosis of PC12 cells under OGD by suppressing expressions of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1. The results of our study identified the characterization and expression profiles of peptides in CSF of neonatal HIBD. Several meaningful peptides such as HIBDAP may play significant roles in neonatal HIBD and may provide new therapeutic targets for neonatal HIBD.
Caspase1/11 signaling affects muscle regeneration and recovery following ischemia, and can be modulated by chloroquine
Authors: Sachdev Ulka , Ferrari Ricardo , Cui Xiangdong , Pius Abish , Sahu Amrita , Reynolds Michael , Liao Hong , Sun Ping , Shinde Sunita , Ambrosio Fabrisia , Shiva Sruti , Scott Melanie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: We previously showed that the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) increases inflammatory cleaved caspase-1 activity in myocytes, and that caspase-1/11 is protective in sterile liver injury. However, the role of caspase-1/11 in the recovery of muscle from ischemia caused by peripheral arterial disease is unknown. We hypothesized that caspase-1/11 mediates recovery in muscle via effects on autophagy and that this is modulated by CQ.Methods: C57Bl/6J (WT) and caspase-1/11 double-knockout (KO) mice underwent femoral artery ligation (a model of hind-limb ischemia) with or without CQ (50mg/kg IP every 2 nd day). CQ effects on autophagosome formation, microtubule associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3), and caspase-1 expression was measured using electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. Laser Doppler perfusion imaging documented perfusion every 7 days. After 21 days, i n situ physiologic testing in tibialis anterior muscle assessed peak force contraction, and myocyte size and fibrosis was also measured. Muscle satellite cell (MuSC) oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate was measured. Caspase-1 and glycolytic enzyme expression was detected by Western blot.Results: CQ increased autophagosomes, LC3 consolidation, total caspase-1 expression and cleaved caspase-1 in muscle. Perfusion, fibrosis, myofiber regeneration, muscle contraction, MuSC fusion, OCR, ECAR and glycolytic enzyme expression was variably affected by CQ depending on presence of caspase-1/11. CQ decreased perfusion recovery, fibrosis and myofiber size in WT but not caspase-1/11KO mice. CQ diminished peak force in whole muscle, and myocyte fusion in MuSC and these effects were exacerbated in caspase-1/11KO mice. CQ reductions in maximal respiration and ATP production were blunted in caspase-1/11KO mice. Caspase-1/11KO MuSC had significant increases in protein kinase isoforms and aldolase.Conclusion: Caspase-1/11 signaling affects the response to ischemia in muscle and effects are variably modulated by CQ. This may be critically important for disease treated with CQ and its derivatives, including novel viral diseases (e.g. COVID-19) that are expected to affect patients with comorbidities like cardiovascular disease.
Dietary Mannose Supplementation in Phosphomannomutase 2 Deficiency (PMM2-CDG)
Authors: Taday Roman , Grüneberg Marianne , DuChesne Ingrid , Reunert Janine , Marquardt Thorsten 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPMM2-CDG (CDG-Ia) is the most frequent N-glycosylation disorder. While supplying mannose to PMM2-deficient fibroblasts corrects the altered N-glycosylation in vitro, short term therapeutic approaches with mannose supplementation in PMM2-CDG patients have been unsuccessful. Mannose found no further mention in the design of a potential therapy for PMM2-CDG in the past years, as it applies as ineffective. This retrospective study analyzes the first long term mannose supplementation in 20 PMM2-CDG patients. Mannose was given at a total of 1–2 g mannose/kg b.w./d divided into 5 single doses over a mean time of 60,7 months. Protein glycosylation, blood mannose concentration and clinical presentation were monitored in everyday clinical practice.ResultsAfter a mean time period of more than 1 year the majority of patients showed significant improvements in protein glycosylation.ConclusionLong-term dietary D-mannose supplementation shows biological effects in PMM2-CDG, an inherited disorder of mannose metabolism. It improves glycosylation in the majority of patients and could become the first cornerstone in the treatment of this disease.
Strategic Management in Local Hospital Markets: Service Duplication or Service Differentiation
Authors: Trinh Hanh Q. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study is to assess the influences of market structure on hospitals’ strategic decision to duplicate or differentiate services and to assess the relationship of duplication and differentiation to hospital performance. This study is different from previous research because it examines how a hospital decides which services to be duplicated or differentiated in a dyadic relationship embedded in a complex competitive network. Methods: We use Linear Structural Equations (LISREL) to simultaneously estimate the relationships among market structure, duplicated and differentiated services, and performance.Results: The findings provide support for duplicating and differentiating arrangement among rivals in a local market. Size asymmetry between hospitals is related to both service duplication (negatively) and service differentiation (positively), while geographic distance and market competition are related only to service duplication (positively and negatively, respectively). Both strategic activities are associated with lower market share, higher costs, and lower profits. Conclusions: The findings underscore the role of market structure as a check and balance on the provision of high-tech services. Hospital management should consider cutting back some services that are oversupplied and/or unprofitable and analyze the supply and demand in the market to avoid overdoing both service duplication and service differentiation.
Chest CT For Early Detection And Management Of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Report Of 314 Patients Admitted To Emergency Department With Suspected Pneumonia
Authors: Cartocci Gaia , Colaiacomo Maria Chiara , Lanciotti Silvia , Andreoli Chiara , Cicco Maria Luisa De , Brachetti Giulia , Pugliese Silvia , Capoccia Lucia , Tortora Alessandra , Scala Annarita , Valentini Cristina , Almberger Maria , D'Aprile Maria Rosaria , Avventurieri Giacinta , Giura Riccardo , Kharrub Zaher , Leonardi Andrea , Boccia Maddalena , Catalano Carlo , Ricci Paolo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to assess the potential role of chest CT for the early detection of COVID-19 pneumonia and to explore its role in patient management in an adult Italian population admitted to the Emergency Department.METHODS: 314 patients presented with clinically suspected COVID-19, From March 3 rd to 23 th 2020, were evaluated with PaO2/FIO2 ratio from arterial blood gas, RT-PCR assay from nasopharyngeal swab sample and chest CT. Patients were classified as COVID-19 negative and COVID-19 positive according to RT-PCR results, considered as a reference. Images were independently evaluated by two radiologists blinded to the RT-PCR results and classified as “CT positive” or “CT negative” for COVID-19, according to CT findings.RESULTS: According to RT-PCR results, 152 patients were COVID-19 negative (48%) and 162 were COVID-19 positive (52%). We found substantial agreement between RT-PCR results and CT findings (p<0.000001), as well as an almost perfect agreement between the two readers. Mixed GGO and consolidation pattern with peripheral and bilateral distribution, multifocal or diffuse abnormalities localized in both upper and lower lung, in association with interlobular septal thickening, bronchial wall thickening and air bronchogram, showed higher frequency in COVID positive patients. We also found a significant correlation between CT findings and patient’s oxygenation status expressed by PaO2/FIO2 ratio.CONCLUSION: Chest CT is a vital component in the early detection and in patients management of COVID-19 pneumonia in a pandemic. It allows to identify suspected patients, cutting off the route of transmission and avoiding further spread of infection.
Dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic in India
Authors: Khajanchi Subhas , Sarkar Kankan , Mondal Jayanta , Perc Matjaz 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic is crucial for improved control and social distancing strategies. To that effect, we have employed the susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered model, refined by contact tracing and hospitalization data from Indian provinces Kerala, Delhi, Maharashtra, and West Bengal, as well as from overall India. We have performed a sensitivity analysis to identify the most crucial input parameters, and we have calibrated the model to describe the data as best as possible. Short-term predictions reveal an increasing and worrying trend of COVID-19 cases for all four provinces and India as a whole, while long-term predictions also reveal the possibility of oscillatory dynamics. Our research thus leaves the option open that COVID-19 might become a seasonal occurrence. We also simulate and discuss the impact of media on the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Improved modelling of a Prairie catchment using a progressive two-stage calibration strategy with in situ soil moisture and streamflow data
Authors: Budhathoki Sujata , Rokaya Prabin , Lindenschmidt Karl-Erich 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Dynamic contributing areas, various fill-and-spill mechanisms and cold-region processes make the hydrological modelling of the Prairies very challenging. Several models (from simple conceptual to advanced process-based) are available, but the focus has been largely in reproducing streamflow. Few studies have assimilated soil moisture and other hydrological fluxes for improved simulation, but the emphasis has been predominately on simulating contributing areas. However, previous research has shown that the contributing areas are dynamic, and can vary from one year to the next, depending on hydro-meteorological conditions. Therefore, the areas deemed non-contributing can also occasionally contribute to streamflow. In this study, we introduce a progressive two-stage calibration strategy to constrain soil moisture in non-contributing areas. We demonstrate that constraining soil moisture in non-contributing areas can result in improved hydrological simulations and more realistic process representations. The Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) values for simulated soil moisture in contributing areas increased by 68% at 20 cm and 25% at 50 cm soil depths during validation when non-contributing areas were constrained. This further led to increases in NSE values in streamflow simulation during calibration (6%) and validation (12%). Our findings suggest that soil moisture in non-contributing areas should be properly constrained for improved modelling of Prairie catchments.
Experimental evaluation of two consecutive air-gap membrane distillation modules with heat recovery
Authors: Abu-Zeid Mostafa Abd El-Rady , ElMasry Gamal 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Two rectangular modules with a total interior membrane surface area of 13.53 m2 were consecutively combined to evaluate the use of heat recovery in an air-gap membrane distillation (AGMD) system. Several operating inlet parameters including feed water temperature, mass water flow rate and salinity were investigated. The experimental results revealed that the performance of the system was improved by virtue of efficient heat recovery resulting from combining two AGMD membrane modules in series. Under optimal inlet operating parameters of cooling water temperature of 20 °C, salinity of 0.05% and flow rate of 3 l/min, the system productivity (Pp) increased up to 192.9%, 179.3%, 176.5% and 179.2%, and the thermal efficiency (ηth) by 261.5%, 232.6%, 239.4% and 227.3% at feed water temperatures of 45 °C, 55 °C, 65 °C and 75 °C, respectively. Concurrently, the specific waste heat input (Ew.h.i) decreased by 6.7%, 4.7%, 5.6% and 2.7% due to the efficient heat recovery. The results confirmed that heat recovery is an important factor affecting the AGMD system that could be improved by designing one of the two AGMD modules with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hollow fibers with a flow length shorter than the other one having a salt rejection rate of 99%.
Grójec w akwarelach Leonarda Pękalskiego
Authors: Olszewski Andrzej K. 
Published: May 2020

Krótki komunikat na temat zespołu akwarel Leonarda Pękalskiego (1896-1944) przedstawiających Grójec, miasto urodzenia artysty.
Brief announcement relevant to Leonard Pękalski’s water-colours paintings depicting Grójec – the place of artist’s birth.
Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers: Synthesis of Mexiletine Analogues and Homologues
Authors: Catalano Alessia , Franchini Carlo , Carocci Alessia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract::
Mexiletine is an antiarrhythmic drug belonging to IB class, acting as sodium channel
blocker. Besides its well-known activity on arrhythmias, its usefulness in the treatment of
myotonia, myotonic dystrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is now widely recognized.
Nevertheless, it has been retired from the market in several countries because of its undesired
effects. Thus, several papers were reported in the last years about analogues and homologues
of mexiletine being endowed with a wider therapeutic ratio and a more selectivity of action.
Some of them showed sodium channel blocking activity higher than the parent compound. It
is noteworthy that mexiletine is used in therapy as a racemate even though a difference in the
activities of the two enantiomers was widely demonstrated, with (–)-(R)-enantiomer being
more active: this finding led several research groups to study mexiletine and its analogues and
homologues in their optically active forms. This review summarizes the different synthetic
routes used to obtain these compounds. They could represent an interesting starting point to
new mexiletine-like compounds without common side effects related to the use of mexiletine.
Targeting Mammalian Target of Rapamycin: Prospects for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: Lashgari Naser-Aldin , Roudsari Nazanin Momeni , Momtaz Saeideh , Ghanaatian Negar , Kohansal Parichehr , Farzaei Mohammad Hosein , Afshari Khashayar , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Abdolghaffari Amir Hossein 
Published: May 2020

:
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a general term for a group of chronic and progressive
disorders. Several cellular and biomolecular pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of
IBD, yet the etiology is unclear. Activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway
in the intestinal epithelial cells was also shown to induce inflammation. This review focuses
on the inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway and its potential application in treating IBD. We
also provide an overview of plant-derived compounds that are beneficial for the IBD management
through modulation of the mTOR pathway. Data were extracted from clinical, in vitro and in vivo
studies published in English between 1995 and May 2019, which were collected from PubMed,
Google Scholar, Scopus and Cochrane library databases. Results of various studies implied that
inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway downregulates the inflammatory processes and cytokines
involved in IBD. In this context, a number of natural products might reverse the pathological
features of the disease. Furthermore, mTOR provides a novel drug target for IBD. Comprehensive
clinical studies are required to confirm the efficacy of mTOR inhibitors in treating IBD.
Willingness of Patients Prescribed Medications for Lifestyle-Related Diseases to Use Personal Health Records: Questionnaire Study
Authors: Hirano Ryoma , Yamaguchi Satoko , Waki Kayo , Kimura Yoshihiko , Chin Keiichi , Nannya Yasuhito , Nangaku Masaomi , Kadowaki Takashi , Ohe Kazuhiko 
Published: May 2020

Background
Personal health record (PHR) systems let individuals utilize their own health information to maintain and improve quality of life. Using PHRs is expected to support self-management in patients with lifestyle-related diseases.

Objective
The aim of this study was to identify predictors of the willingness to use PHRs among patients who are prescribed medications for lifestyle-related diseases.

Methods
We recruited pharmacy patrons, aged 20 years or older, who had received at least one medication indicated for hypertension, dyslipidemia, or diabetes. Participants completed self-administered questionnaires regarding their previous diseases, awareness of health care, experience in using PHRs, willingness to use PHRs, and barriers to using PHRs. Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression models.

Results
Of the 3708 subjects meeting eligibility criteria, 2307 replies (62.22%) were collected. While only 174 (7.54%) participants had previous PHR experience, 853 (36.97%) expressed willingness to use PHRs. In the multivariate analysis, considering exercise to be important for health management (odds ratio [OR] 1.57, 95% CI 1.12-2.21; P=.009), obtaining medical information from books or magazines (OR 1.23, 95% CI 0.96-1.59; P=.10), and obtaining medical information from the internet (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.13-1.87; P=.004) were newly identified predictors. These were in addition to known predictors, such as being employed, owning information terminals, and previous PHR experience.

Conclusions
Patients who have an active and positive attitude toward health seem to be more willing to use PHRs. Investigating willingness should contribute to the development of more useful PHRs for self-management among patients prescribed medications for lifestyle-related diseases.
Identifying the Medical Lethality of Suicide Attempts Using Network Analysis and Deep Learning: Nationwide Study
Authors: Kim Bora , Kim Younghoon , Park C Hyung Keun , Rhee Sang Jin , Kim Young Shin , Leventhal Bennett L , Ahn Yong Min , Paik Hyojung 
Published: May 2020

Background
Suicide is one of the leading causes of death among young and middle-aged people. However, little is understood about the behaviors leading up to actual suicide attempts and whether these behaviors are specific to the nature of suicide attempts.

Objective
The goal of this study was to examine the clusters of behaviors antecedent to suicide attempts to determine if they could be used to assess the potential lethality of the attempt. To accomplish this goal, we developed a deep learning model using the relationships among behaviors antecedent to suicide attempts and the attempts themselves.

Methods
This study used data from the Korea National Suicide Survey. We identified 1112 individuals who attempted suicide and completed a psychiatric evaluation in the emergency room. The 15-item Beck Suicide Intent Scale (SIS) was used for assessing antecedent behaviors, and the medical outcomes of the suicide attempts were measured by assessing lethality with the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS; lethal suicide attempt >3 and nonlethal attempt ≤3).

Results
Using scores from the SIS, individuals who had lethal and nonlethal attempts comprised two different network nodes with the edges representing the relationships among nodes. Among the antecedent behaviors, the conception of a method’s lethality predicted suicidal behaviors with severe medical outcomes. The vectorized relationship values among the elements of antecedent behaviors in our deep learning model (E-GONet) increased performances, such as F1 and area under the precision-recall gain curve (AUPRG), for identifying lethal attempts (up to 3% for F1 and 32% for AUPRG), as compared with other models (mean F1: 0.81 for E-GONet, 0.78 for linear regression, and 0.80 for random forest; mean AUPRG: 0.73 for E-GONet, 0.41 for linear regression, and 0.69 for random forest).

Conclusions
The relationships among behaviors antecedent to suicide attempts can be used to understand the suicidal intent of individuals and help identify the lethality of potential suicide attempts. Such a model may be useful in prioritizing cases for preventive intervention.