bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unsteady bioconvection Darcy‐Forchheimer nanofluid flow through a horizontal channel with impact of magnetic field and thermal radiation
Authors: Jawad Muhammad , Saeed Anwar , Khan Arshad , Gul Taza , Zubair Muhammad , Shah Syed A. A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUnsteady bioconvection Darcy‐Forchhiemer nanofluid flow is considered in the current investigation in the presence of micro‐organisms. The flow is exposed to thermal radiation and a uniform magnetic field in a horizontal channel. The impacts of Brownian motion and thermophoresis are also considered for the flow problem. The unsteady governing equations are modeled and transformed into a nondimensional form by employing a suitable group of similar variables. The solution of the modeled equations is determined by the semianalytical method homotopy analysis method. The features of flow characteristics such as temperature, concentration, velocity, and the motile micro‐organism distributions in response to the variations of the emerging parameters are simulated and examined in detail. Among the many results of the study, it is found that velocity upsurges with rising values of the unsteadiness parameter while declining with growth in the magnetic, inertial, and porosity parameters. Temperature augments with growing estimations of Brownian, unsteadiness, and radiation parameters and declines with enhancing values of Prandtl number. Amassed estimations of the Brownian factor reduce the concentration of nanoparticles while growing values of thermophoresis, unsteadiness parameters, and Schmidt number increase it. Moreover, the motile micro‐organism profile is a reducing function of the bioconvection Lewis numbers, Peclet, and bioconvection concentration difference parameter.
Inflammation initiates a vicious cycle between obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Luo Yunfei , Lin Hui 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLow‐level of chronic inflammation activation is characteristic of obesity. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely linked to obesity and is an emerging health problem, it originates from abnormal accumulation of triglycerides in the liver, and sometimes causes inflammatory reactions that could contribute to cirrhosis and liver cancer, thus its pathogenesis needs to be clarified for more treatment options. Once NAFLD is established, it contributes to systemic inflammation, the low‐grade inflammation is continuously maintained during NAFLD causing impaired resolution of inflammation in obesity, which subsequently exacerbates its severity. This study focuses on the effects of obesity‐induced inflammations, which are the underlying causes of the disease progression and development of more severe inflammatory and fibrotic stages. Understanding the relationship between obesity and NAFLD could help in establishing attractive therapeutic targets or diagnostic markers in obesity‐induced inflammation response and provides new approaches for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD in obesity.
Forecasting the oil price realized volatility: A multivariate heterogeneous autoregressive model
Authors: Tang Yusui , Ma Feng , Zhang Yaojie , Wei Yu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the impacts of common information between oil futures and the United States stock markets on forecasting oil volatility using the multivariate heterogeneous autoregressive realized volatility model. We have several noteworthy findings. First, the in‐sample estimation results show that the negative returns and the ‘bad’ jumps have larger influence on oil futures volatility than positive returns and ‘good’ jumps, respectively. Second, the out‐of‐sample results further indicate that our multivariate heterogeneous autoregressive (HAR) model can generate higher forecast accuracy than individual HAR model for the realized volatility‐type models, which highlights the importance of incorporating volatility information from the stock Market. Third, our findings are robust across the direction‐of‐change test and different windows. Furthermore, from the perspective of the investors' allocation portfolio in the future, the use of common information can also bring greater gains.
Postpartum depression and its risk factors in women with a potentially life‐threatening complication
Authors: Nayak Deepthi , Karuppusamy Dhamotharan , Maurya Dilip Kumar , Kar Sitanshu Sekhar , Bharadwaj Balaji , Keepanasseril Anish 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the incidence of postpartum depression (PPD) and its risk factors in women with potentially life‐threatening complications.MethodsEight hundred and ninety women admitted to a tertiary center in South India with potentially life‐threatening complications were recruited for the study. Within seven days of delivery, women underwent mental health assessments using the EPDS and PHQ‐9 scale. Counseling was provided and follow‐up assessment carried out at 3 months postpartum. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was done to assess the association of risk factors to depression.ResultsPPD was observed in 21% of the study cohort. Women with no formal education (OR −2.66, 95% CI: 1.10– 6.40) and those who had a stillbirth (OR 2.48, 95%CI: 1.57–3.93) were found to be associated with PPD after adjusting for other factors. Occurrence of an obstetric near‐miss event did not increase the risk of depression. Most women recovered with postnatal counseling, with only three requiring medication at the end of 3 months.ConclusionOne in five women who develop potentially life‐threatening complications developed PPD. A strategy of screening focused on this high‐risk group, especially in low resource settings, can lead to early recognition and treatment. This in turn can lead to a reduction in the long‐term morbidity associated with PPD.
Iron accumulation regulates osteoblast apoptosis through lncRNAXIST/miR‐758‐3p/caspase 3 axis leading to osteoporosis
Authors: Liu Hu , Wang Yu‐Wu , Chen Wei‐Dong , Dong Hong‐Hua , Xu You‐Jia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPostmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is mainly caused by multiple factors. Recent studies have suggested that iron accumulation (IA) was closely related to PMOP. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms have not been well demonstrated. We constructed the IA mouse model by intraperitoneal injections of ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) and cell model by culturing with the medium containing FAC. Osteoporosis was confirmed in mouse bone tissues using H&E staining, and the level of serum ferritin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), procollagen‐1 N‐terminal peptide (P1NP), and osteocalcin in mice was examined by ELISA. The expressions of XIST and miR‐758‐3p were detected by qRT‐PCR. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured by CCK‐8, TUNEL, and flow cytometry. The expression levels of apoptotic‐related proteins were evaluated by western blot. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to examine the molecular interaction. The expressions of ALP, P1NP, and osteocalcin, and the H&E staining of bone tissues in mice were analyzed to confirm the biological function of XIST and miR‐758‐3p in vivo. XIST was up‐regulated while miR‐758‐3p was down‐regulated in IA mouse and cell models. XIST knockdown significantly reduced FAC‐induced osteoblast apoptosis, which was mimicked by transfection with miR‐758‐3p mimics. XIST acted as a sponge of miR‐758‐3p, which targeted caspase 3. IA led to the high expression of XIST and promoted osteoblast apoptosis through miR‐758‐3p/caspase 3. Transfection with shXIST or miR‐758‐3p mimics alleviated IA‐induced mouse osteoporosis. IA regulated osteoblast apoptosis through XIST/miR‐758‐3p/caspase 3 axis, which might provide alternative targets for the treatment of osteoporosis.
The Consequences of English Learner as a Category in Teaching, Learning, and Research
Authors: Gunderson Lee 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe evolution of a pervasive negative view of immigrants and its role in classroom achievement in the United States is described in this paper; beginning in the crowded urban secondary classrooms of the 1800s, to IQ testing in the 1920s that identified many as morons, imbeciles, or idiots, and to an English‐only view that permeates public and political views of teaching and learning. It is argued that categories such as ELL are ill‐advised because they obscure diversity and inform neither instruction nor research because they are unidimensional and misrepresent important underlying diversity. It is argued that evidence‐based strategies should inform teaching and learning, but that evaluating research is the purview of teachers themselves, including conducting classroom‐based action research to test recommended strategies. Concludes with general guidelines to evaluate research.
Solid electrolyte interphase layer formation on mesophase graphite electrodes with different electrolytes studied by small‐angle neutron scattering
Authors: Wu Chun‐Ming , Saravanan Lakshmanan , Chen Hung‐Yuan , Pan Ping‐I , Tsao Cheng‐Si , Chang Chia‐Chin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRelative solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film thickness investigation on graphite electrodes after the first charge state in the lithium‐ion battery was successfully demonstrated by the ex‐situ small‐angle neutron scattering technique. Here, for both the mesophase graphite powder (MGP) and the fine‐mesophase graphite powder (FMGP) anodes, with two different particle sizes was analyzed precisely by the Guinier–Porod model. The data revealed a stable, maximum (~tens of nm) bi‐layer SEI film formed on MGP anode in ethylene‐carbonate/dimethyl‐carbonate (EC/DMC) at a capacity of 50 mAh/g and sluggish above 100 mAhg‐1. The SEI formed on FMGP with and without 3 wt% fluoroethylene‐carbonate additive in EC/DMC showed the relative thickness greater than that only in ethylene‐carbonate/diethyl‐carbonate. Lithiation initiated the rapid SEI formation on the graphite surface and achieved a maximum thickness in the cell potential ≤0.2 V, and became thinner when the graphite particle expanded after Li+ intercalation. It was observed that the SEI thickness influenced the electrolytes and additives, which might ultimately impact battery performance. Our preliminary results make evident that small‐angle neutron scattering could be employed to better understand the complex microstructure solid electrolyte interphase formation and its accurate thickness, on a mesophase graphite anode.
A comprehensive expression profile of tRNA‐derived fragments in papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Shan Shiting , Wang Yuting , Zhu Chunfu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of thyroid cancer has been on a rise. Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common type of malignant thyroid tumor and accounts for approximately 85% of thyroid cancer cases. Although the genetic background of PTC has been studied extensively, relatively little is known about the role of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) in PTC. tRNA‐derived fragments (tRFs) represent a newly discovered class of sncRNAs that exist in many species and play key roles in various biological processes.MethodsIn this study, we used high‐throughput next‐generation sequencing technology to analyze the expression of tRFs in samples from PTC tissues and normal tissues. We selected four tRFs to perform qPCR to determine the expression levels of these molecules and make bioinformatic predictions.ResultsWe identified 53 unique tRFs and transfer RNA halves (tsRNAs). The 10 most upregulated tRFs and tsRNAs were tRF‐39‐I6D3887S1RMH5MI2, tRF‐21‐2E489B3RB, tRF‐18‐JMRPFQDY, tRF‐17‐202L2YF, tRF‐17‐VBY9PYJ, tRF‐18‐YRRHQFD2, tRF‐21‐WE884U1DD, tRF‐41‐EX2Z10I9BZBZOS4YB, tRF‐39‐HPDEXK7S1RNS9MI2, and tRF‐20‐1SS2P46I. The 10 most downregulated tRFs and tsRNAs were tRF‐31‐HQ9M739P8WQ0B, tRF‐43‐5YXENDBP1IUUK7VZV, tRF‐38‐RZYQHQ9M739P8WD8, tRF‐25‐9M739P8WQ0, tRF‐33‐V6Z3M8ZLSSXUD6, tRF‐27‐MY73H3RXPLM, tRF‐26‐DBNIB9I1KQ0, tRF‐38‐Z9HMI8W47W1R7HX, tRF‐40‐Z6V6Z3M8ZLSSXUOL, and tRF‐39‐YQHQ9M739P8WQ0EB. qPCR verification of cell lines and tissue samples yielded results consistent with the sequencing analysis. As tRF‐39 expression showed the maximum difference between PTC cells and normal cells, we chose this tRF to predict targets and perform functional tRF and tsRNA enrichment analysis.ConclusionIn this study, we provided a comprehensive catalog of tRFs involved in PTC and assessed the abnormal expression of these fragments. Through qPCR verification, tRF‐39‐0VL8K87SIRMM12E2 was found to be the most significantly upregulated tRF. Further tRF and enrichment analysis revealed that tRF‐39 was mostly enriched in the “metabolic pathways.” These preliminary findings can be used as the basis for further research studies based on the functional role of tRFs in patients with PTC.
An environmental scan of pharmacists supporting pre‐doctoral dental education institutions
Authors: Krajewski Michael P. , Lu Chi Hua , Stellrecht Elizabeth , Desai Kalpesh J. , Gambacorta Joseph E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurpose/objectivesReports have described pharmacists providing services within academic dental settings. The full scope of these activities and where they exist is unreported. This environmental scan was performed to identify and summarize the levels in which pharmacists provide support to predoctoral dental education programs.MethodsA survey was circulated in summer 2019 to all CODA accredited dental schools through the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) clinical dean listserv. The IRB approved survey consisted of 23 questions pertaining to the pharmacist's role in predoctoral dental education programs. Institutions were asked whether pharmacists were used and what kinds of services pharmacists provided. Pharmacist roles were classified into standard pharmacy services, clinical pharmacy services, medication inventory, education, and administration/research. Univariate analysis was performed on responses and reported using descriptive statistics.ResultsA response rate of 59.1% from 66 institutions was achieved. Of those responding, 28.21% reported utilizing a pharmacist at their institution. Of the institutions responding positively to utilizing a pharmacist, the most common standard pharmacy services used were patient counseling regarding a disease state (50%), and medication errors/adverse event reporting (60%). Some clinical pharmacy services provided were medication history collection (70%), advising antimicrobial selection (50%), and treatment plan consultation (60%). Pharmacists were also found to be active in education, school administration, and research.ConclusionPharmacists are utilized at just over a quarter of responding CODA accredited predoctoral dental education institutions in the United States. Where deployed, pharmacists provide a wide array of services.
Can bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells change liver volume?: A case report
Authors: Kim Kwangmin , Shin In Sik , Bang Hui‐Jae , An Sanghyun , Ha Gaesung , Kim Hyun Soo , Bae Keum Seok 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSeveral studies have described the effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). However, in the majority, biochemical tests, clinical features, and pathologic results were used rather than radiologic tests to compare treatment outcomes. A 57‐year‐old male visited a stem cell clinic with a diagnosis of LC attributed to hepatitis B virus. This patient took tenofovir and diuretics at the initial presentation and was administered bone marrow‐derived MSCs twice via hepatic intra‐arterial infusion. Subsequently, the patient's clinical symptoms and biochemical tests (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, albumin, total bilirubin, international normalized ratio, creatinine, alpha‐fetoprotein) improved. Computed tomography findings showed loss of ascites, reduced nodularity, and especially increased liver volume, which suggested that MSCs have meaningful effects on liver volume, as well as improving liver function.
The potential of dietary treatment in patients with glycogen storage disease type IV
Authors: Derks Terry G. J. , Peeks Fabian , de Boer Foekje , Fokkert‐Wilts Marieke , van der Doef Hubert P. J. , van den Heuvel Marius C. , Szymańska Edyta , Rokicki Dariusz , Ryan Patrick T. , Weinstein David A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThere is paucity of literature on dietary treatment in glycogen storage disease (GSD) type IV and formal guidelines are not available. Traditionally, liver transplantation was considered the only treatment option for GSD IV. In light of the success of dietary treatment for the other hepatic forms of GSD, we have initiated this observational study to assess the outcomes of medical diets, which limit the accumulation of glycogen. Clinical, dietary, laboratory, and imaging data for 15 GSD IV patients from three centres are presented. Medical diets may have the potential to delay or prevent liver transplantation, improve growth and normalize serum aminotransferases. Individual care plans aim to avoid both hyperglycaemia, hypoglycaemia and/or hyperketosis, to minimize glycogen accumulation and catabolism, respectively. Multidisciplinary monitoring includes balancing between traditional markers of metabolic control (ie, growth, liver size, serum aminotransferases, glucose homeostasis, lactate, and ketones), liver function (ie, synthesis, bile flow and detoxification of protein), and symptoms and signs of portal hypertension.
An exploration of the interaction mechanism of Direct Red 80 with α‐Amylase at the molecular level
Authors: Song Yan , Sun Kailun , Liu Rutao 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe use and production of Direct Red 80 (DR80) dye are growing rapidly, and a large amount of dye wastewater is discharged into the soil without treatment. DR80 accumulated in soil or sludge can lead to enzyme poisoning, inhibit microbial activity, and affect the transformation of substances in the soil. In this research, the interaction mechanism between DR80 and α‐Amylase (a typical enzyme in soil and sludge) was investigated by multi‐spectra, molecular docking, thermodynamics analysis and enzyme activity experiment. The results of UV‐visible and resonance light scattering (RLS) spectra showed that the skeleton of α‐Amylase became loosened and unfolded under the exposure of Direct Red. The size of α‐Amylase was smaller and α‐Amylase became dispersed under high concentration of DR80. Molecular docking and thermodynamic analysis showed that DR80 bound to the surface of domain A rather than the active site of α‐Amylase in the form of hydrogen bonds, and the binding process was an exothermic reaction. In addition, the inhibition of α‐Amylase activity by DR80 was verified by enzyme activity experiment. These results indicate that DR80 has an effect on the structure and function of α‐Amylase at molecular level, which means that the toxicity of DR80 should receive more attention.
Impact of COVID‐19 in patients with concurrent co‐infections: A systematic review and meta‐analyses
Authors: Sarkar Soumya , Khanna Puneet , Singh Akhil Kant 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe burden and impact of secondary superadded infections in critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients is widely acknowledged. However, there is a dearth of information regarding the impact of COVID‐19 in patients with tuberculosis, HIV, chronic hepatitis, and other concurrent infections. This review was conducted to evaluate the consequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection in patients with concurrent co‐infections based on the publications reported to date. An extensive comprehensive screening was conducted using electronic databases up to 3rd September 2020 after obtaining registration with PROSPERO (CRD420202064800). The observational studies or interventional studies in English, evaluating the impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 in patients with concurrent infections are included for the meta‐analyses. Our search retrieved 20 studies, with a total of 205,702 patients. Patients with tuberculosis (RR = 2.10; 95% CI, 1.75–2.51; I2 = 0%), influenza (RR = 2.04; 95% CI, 0.15–28.25, I2 = 99%) have an increased risk of mortality during a co‐infection with SARS‐CoV‐2. No significant impact is found in people living with HIV (RR = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.82–1.19; I2 = 30%), Chronic hepatitis (RR = 1.15; 95% CI, 0.73–1.81; I2 = 10%). Several countries (Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, Peru, Colombia, and Singapore) are on the verge of a dengue co epidemic (cumulative 878,496 and 5,028,380 cases of dengue and COVID‐19 respectively). The impact of COVID‐19 in patients of concurrent infections with either tuberculosis or influenza is detrimental. The clinical outcomes of COVID‐19 in HIV or chronic hepatitis patients are comparable to COVID‐19 patients without these concurrent infections.
Evaluation of serum IgM and IgG antibodies in COVID‐19 patients by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
Authors: Zhou Chang , Bu Ge , Sun Yong , Ren Cuiping , Qu Mingsheng , Gao Yufeng , Zhu Yulin , Wang Linding , Sun Liang , Liu Yan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is sweeping the world since the end of 2019. The titer change of antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 needs to be further clarified, the clinical and preventive value of antibodies still needs to be further investigated. An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established by coating with SARS‐CoV‐2 recombinant spike protein and used to detect serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 in coronavirus disease 2019 patients to evaluate the pattern of changes of antibodies. The specificity of the ELISA for detection SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM and IgG were 96% (144/150) and 100% (150/150), respectively. The sensitivity of ELISA was 100% (150/150) for IgM, and 99.3% (149/150) for IgG. SARS‐CoV‐2‐SP‐IgM and SP‐IgG antibodies could be detected on Day 1 of hospitalization in 12.5% patients, and SP‐IgM began to decrease after reaching its peak at around 22–28 days, and become negative at Month 3 in 30% patients and negative at Month 7 in 79% of these patients after onset; IgG reached its peak around Day 22–28 and kept at a high level within the longest observation period for 4 months, it dropped very sharply at 7 months. The positive rates of SP‐IgM and SP‐IgG were higher than those of reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction on Day 7 and 4. The established indirect ELISA has good specificity and sensitivity. IgM and IgG against SARS‐CoV‐2 appeared almost simultaneously in the early stage, and the level of IgG antibodies could not maintain a high plateau in the observation period of 7 months. Our data will help develop the diagnosis and vaccine of SARS‐CoV‐2.