bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Climate Conducive to Creativity in the City and its Impact on the Development of Creative Sectors
Authors: Pangsy-Kania Sylwia , Sokół Aneta 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, creativity has become one of the most important determinants of the development of modern economy. In it lies the potential for economic success not only of entire regions, but above all of business entities. Although creativity is difficult to define, it more frequently becomes the subject of scholarly considerations. In this study, an attempt was made to explore the climate for creativity because it determines the development of creativity and creative attitudes in creative sectors. The main research goal was to show the importance and pattern of the determinants creating a climate conducive to creativity and its impact on the development of creative industries. The method of the study was a critical analysis of the source literature and the author’s own research. The aim of the work became the basis for formulating the following research hypothesis: recognising the components constituting a pattern of the climate conducive to creativity in the city will enable better development of entities included in the creative sector. In order to achieve the set goal and verify the research hypothesis, quantitative and qualitative research was carried out among representatives of creative professions employed in the creative sectors.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Lactobacillus Rhamnosus FBB Secara in Vitro
Authors: Mubarok Husni , Nocianitri Komang Ayu , Permana I Dewa Gede Mayun 
Published: January 2020

Probiotik merupakan organisme hidup yang mampu memberikan efek yang menguntungkan bagi kesehatan inangnya. Lactobacillus rhamnosus yang diisolasi dari feses bayi sehat merupakan bakteri asam laktat (BAL) yang diketahui memiliki potensi sebagai probiotik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dari isolat L. rhamnosus FBB secara in vitro. Isolat L. rhamnosus FBB tersebut antara lain: L. rhamnosus FBB nomor 21, 26, 52, 59, 75, dan 81. Uji konfirmasi menunjukkan bahwa keseluruhan isolat L. rhamnosus FBB termasuk bakteri homofermentatif, bakteri gram positif, katalase negatif dan memiliki bentuk morfologi batang berantai. Aktivitas antioksidan ditentukan dengan mengukur kemampuan penangkapan radikal bebas 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) dengan membandingkan subjek penelitian yakni supernatant, intact cell dan cell lysate. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penangkapan radikal bebas pada supernatant, intact cell dan cell lysate masing-masing adalah 39,00-66,71%, 15,76-21,28% dan 4,79-10,86%. L. rhamnosus FBB 75 dan L. rhamnosus FBB 81 menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dibandingkan dengan isolat lainnya. Aktivitas penangkapan radikal bebas DPPH pada supernatant, intact cell dan cell lysate pada L. rhamnosus FBB 75 adalah 66,71%, 15,76%, 10,86% dan aktivitas antioksidan pada L. rhamnosus FBB 81 adalah 66,43%, 21,28% 9,37%. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa L. rhamnosus FBB 75 dan L. rhamnosus FBB 81 merupakan strain yang potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai probiotik antioksidan.

Probiotics are living organisms that can have a beneficial effect on the health of their hosts. Lactobacillus rhamnosus isolated from healthy infant feces is lactic acid bacteria (BAL) that has potential as a probiotic. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of L. rhamnosus FBB bacterial isolates in vitro. Isolates of L. rhamnosus FBB bacteria are: L. rhamnosus FBB number 21, 26, 52, 59, 75, and 81. From the confirmatory test, the overall isolates of L. rhamnosus FBB included homofermentative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, negative catalase and morphological form of chain stems. Antioxidant activity was determined by measuring the capability of scavenging free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) with comparison of research subjects with supernatant, intact cell and cell lysate. The results showed that free radical scavenging activity on supernatant, intact cell and cell lysate were 39,00-66,71%, 15,76 - 21,28% and 4,79 - 10,86% respectively. L. rhamnosus FBB 75 and L. rhamnosus FBB 81 showed higher antioxidant activity than other isolates. DPPH free radical scavenging activity on the supernatant, intact cell and cell lysate in L. rhamnosus FBB 75 was 66,71%, 15,76%, 10,86% and antioxidant activity in L. rhamnosus FBB 81 was 66,43%, 21,28% , 9,37%. The results of this study prove that L. rhamnosus FBB 75 and L. rhamnosus FBB 81 are potential strains to be developed as antioxidant probiotics.
Keterkaitan Pengetahuan dan Perencanaan Keuangan Terhadap Perilaku Karyawan Pria
Authors: Herlina Budiono Hendra Wiyanto, Yohana Ika Putri, 
Published: January 2020

Riset ini memiliki tujuan menganalisis dan mengetahui mengenai keterkaitan antara pengetahuan keuangan dan perencanaan keuangan terhadap perilaku keuangan pada karyawan pria yang berpenghasilan tetap yang berdomisili di Jakarta dengan minimal pendidikan terakhir S1. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner sebagai data primer sebesar 76 responden. Program yang dipakai dalam riset ini adalah SMART-PLS versi 3.2.7 dengan menggunakan model Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pengetahuan keuangan terhadap perilaku keuangan para karyawan pria dan terdapat pengaruh yang positif signifikan antara perencanaan keuangan terhadap perilaku keuangan para karyawan pria.
A Case Study: Applied Knowledge Transfer
Authors: Green Todd , Hajri Nasser , Ortiz Steven , Nelson Jon 
Published: January 2020

Professionals in mid- to late-career stages who are considered part of the Baby Boomer generation are leaving the workforce while an even larger demographic, Millennials, are entering the workforce. The pace of the transition has resulted in many companies losing massive amounts of knowledge and struggling to operate at the same performance levels with a less experienced workforce. The scope of this paper is to highlight one company's approach to address the challenge of effective knowledge management and transfer.
In this case study, company leaders recognized the workforce transition in the mid-2000s and developed a strategy to manage and retain explicit and tacit knowledge from the experienced retiring workforce. A critical factor was to identify principle in-house subject matter experts (SMEs) and capture their knowledge. The next major step was to package the knowledge into assets from which the next generation could best learn. This paper discusses how the strategy, its implementation, and the evaluation of outcomes was critical to the success of this knowledge transfer initiative.
In 2010, an important component of the knowledge transfer initiative was the opening of a state-of-the-art training facility, the Upstream Professional Development Center (UPDC). A primary role of the UPDC is to enlist SMEs from line organizations to design, develop, and deliver critical, discipline and job-relevant curricula that train future generations of petroleum engineer and geoscientists. The UPDC utilizes teams of learning and development (L&D) specialists to work closely with SMEs to ensure technical courses contain best practices for effective learning and delivery methods. This collaboration assures that training is strategically aligned to organization needs, is delivered efficiently, and provides effective knowledge transfer that is measured and benchmarked. In 2016, the UPDC documented the success of this process by highlighting a roadmap to improve well intervention operations through the design, development, and delivery of well intervention courses (Ginest et al.).
Similarly, the knowledge and experience obtained from a coiled tubing (CT) course were crucial for designing a cost-effective corrosion inhibition matrix. This paper demonstrates the course effectiveness in which a participant applied the knowledge received from the UPDC training content to improve business outcomes. The business impact from the implementation of this knowledge transfer is a showcase for successful operational optimization.
The project included literature review, analysis of current service provider practices, laboratory test design, tests and evaluations, and the development of an acid corrosion inhibition matrix best practice for CT acidizing. This knowledge transfer case demonstrates how the successful application of knowledge transfer through training to the business workflow saves time and money, engages young talent working with experienced SMEs, and realizes the pinnacle metric of a training program, Return on Investment (ROI).
Technology Integration to Assess End-point Oil Saturation of the Relative Permeability Curves
Authors: Alghazal Mohammed , Alshakhs Mohammed , Bouaouaja Mohammed 
Published: January 2020

Quantification of the end-point oil saturation of the relative permeability curves is an essential part of building a reliable simulation model to better capture the flow dynamics. A key challenge is to reduce measurement uncertainties and overcome technology limitations. Particularly for water flooded heterogeneous reservoirs with mixed salinity environment, it is vital to combine multiple sources of oil saturation measurements to substantiate end-point results. In this paper, a new workflow is established to estimate the oil end-point oil saturation by integrating specialized logging and core analysis techniques.This workflow examines data collected from both ends of a reservoir's scale spectrum that represent macro and micro scales, ranging from field in-situ electrical logging to plug-size lab experiments. The dataset incorporates oil saturation data acquired from sponge coring, centrifuge test, dielectric log, and carbon-oxygen log. The oil saturation data are clustered based on a set of petrophysical hydraulic flow units. The data sufficiency and quality are evaluated from the statistical analysis of the distribution profiles. The high uncertainty measurements are filtered out for spurious points and also for the log results that are beyond the tools' threshold.The saturation data collected from different logging and coring methods are compared per rock type. Despite the variety of scale and techniques used, the workflow yields consistent results. The centrifuge test is used as the primary source of the end-point oil saturation. For hydraulic units with low reservoir quality, sponge core results are used to derive end-point oil saturation in the absence of centrifuge data. Additionally, in-situ saturation data derived from dielectric and carbon-oxygen logs are in a close agreement to sponge core data, which are used to corroborate the derived end-point oil saturations.The approach highlighted in this work can be used as a benchmark for future studies. There is no unique practice in the oil industry for the determination of the end-point oil saturation and there are very few comprehensive studies in the literature. The workflow presented here is validated by implementation to a diverse dataset, which is used to characterize relative permeability curves in the reservoir simulation model.
Use of Foam Cement to Prevent Shallow Water Flow on Three Wells in Norwegian Waters
Authors: Odden Dan Adrian , Lende Gunnar , Rehman Khahlil , Lilledal Lars , Smyth Callum , Diesen Morten , Bjørnstad Linn , Laget Morten 
Published: January 2020

In certain areas of the Norwegian waters, shallow pressurized sands containing either gas or water occasionally create problems during drilling and surface casing installation. In 2018, an operator drilled three wells in the Norwegian waters with such special challenges. In this case the challenge was water flow but not gas. The NORSOK D010 shallow gas flow potential was classified as zero.Each of the wells had a shallow water flow challenge in an over-pressured sand that normally would require setting a shallow 20-in. surface casing and a riser installation before passing the zone to enable controlling the pressure on the sands using weighted drilling fluid; also requiring a 17-in. liner installation to cover the sand before further drilling. If the surface casing could be set deep enough to cover the over-pressurized sands, substantial savings could be obtained on each well by eliminating the need for an additional section and installation of an extra liner or casing. Furthermore, a deeper-set surface casing would reduce the risk of not obtaining an adequate leak-off test below the shoe. A deep-set surface casing would also allow for down-scaling the well from 20-in. to 13-3/8-in. surface casing.A riserless drilling fluid return system allows for controlling the pressure while drilling, but this has to be turned off during cementing as cement is expected in returns. The use of conventional cement systems would potentially put the well in under-balance for a substantial period of time and consequently potentially result in a water-flow situation requiring a re-spud, as has been the case for a reference well in the area in which substantial downtime was experienced due to water flow after cementing the surface casing.The solution was a riserless drilling fluid return system during drilling, followed by a tailored cement solution. A tailored spacer and foam cement system were deployed; the short transition time of the cement and the inherent compressibility of foams both reduced the exposure time in under-balance. The solution was successfully deployed on all three wells with no flow observed post placement. This paper will detail this successful case study.
High-Performance Water-Based Drilling Fluid Proved an Environmentally-Friendly Alternative for Time-Sensitive Shales in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sharma Sunil , Elbatran Ahmed , Labib Assem , Megally Fady 
Published: January 2020

As operators are drilling more and more complex wells in technically demanding basins; they are also looking to be cost effective and to minimize impact on the environment. This has driven the industry in recent past to develop and use high-performance water-based drilling fluids (HPWBDF). A drilling fluid that has performance like oil-based drilling fluids and environmental acceptance of water-based drilling fluids is the need of the times.
In the whole Gulf region, wellbore instability is a major cause of nonproductive time. Drilling time-dependent shale formations have always been challenging; hole instability, tight hole, back reaming, and well packoff have been experienced in both vertical and highly deviated wells. These formations have a combination of reactive and dispersive clays in the shale formation, interbedded formation sequences, microfractures, and sometimes they can be tectonically stressed and overpressured with high-stress anisotropy. Such features make these formations time sensitive and highly unstable, thus they need multiple levels of inhibition. For this reason, oil-based drilling fluids are fluids of choice for many operators.
In current times, the exceptional drillability of nonaqueous drilling fluids in high-angle, long-reach horizontal wells is offset by tremendously high logistical and waste-management costs that can account for half of the total drilling fluids cost. Recognizing these challenges, a novel HPWBDF was developed that could provide high level of inhibition and an excellent environmental and logistical footprint.
This paper presents a successful application of a new HPWBDF using a unique triple inhibition approach. The system exceeded customer's requirements by successful execution of all well objectives. The client used this system in three consecutive sections instead of the single planned section. This solution has the potential to be used as an alternative to oil-based fluids in all similar formations drilled across the Middle East.
Replaceable and Upgradable Intelligent Completion
Authors: Fripp Michael , Ornelaz Richard , Greci Stephen 
Published: January 2020

Intelligent completions provide exceptional control over the wellbore, maximizing production and ultimate recovery. A new method of creating an intelligent completion is proposed which allows the critical components to be replaced without pulling the completion string. This paradigm shift enables incorporating newer technology, broader features, faster development time, and building a completion that can be tailored to the needs of the formation and the conditions in the market.
The oilfield has made use of through-tubing replaceable completion tools within completions for decades in the form of gas lift mandrels and similar devices. More recently, the types of replaceable tools have broadened to include completion tools such as replaceable inflow control devices and through-tubing pressure sensors. This paper describes building a replaceable intelligent completion that is a through-tubing retrievable part of the permanent completion.
Reliability in traditional completions is achieved by long-duration testing all of the components which results in designs that are technically conservative and a reliance on parts that have been previously proven. An intelligent completion where the critical components are replaceable is a paradigm shift. Replaceable downhole tools allow for retrieving and upgrading these tools as components fail, as the wellbore changes, as market conditions change, or as new technology arises. A retrievable completion also reduces the risk in the business case because the functionality of new tools can be evaluated with reduced upfront testing. The simplification of the business case further relaxes the intensity of component testing, which further reduces the development cost and continues to simplify the business case. For the electronics alone, retrievability reduces the development time, even including the acceleration with higher-temperature Arrhenius-style testing.
The new retrievable intelligent completion is a reconfigurable completion with simplified technological development and business case. The paper describes completion applications where these advantages outweigh the costs in intervention cost, replacement risk, and operational limitations.
Challenges of Installing ESP in Natural Flow Wells
Authors: Hussain Wadah 
Published: January 2020

In natural flowing wells, the energy source is the reservoir pressure. The pressure that makes the oil flow from the reservoir to the bottom of the well is known as the flowing bottom hole pressure. When bottom hole pressure is relatively high, the pressure can raise the oil to the wellhead, and even into the gathering manifolds and the separator, with time the reservoir pressure depleted gradually which will decline the natural flow rate, when the rate becomes less than the commercial rate the artificial lift method will be used to overcome losses in reservoir pressure.
Electrical submersible pump (ESP) is one of the most efficient artificial lift methods used in the oil industry for lifting moderate to high volume of fluids from wellbores to surface, proper sizing and selecting of the ESP system mainly depends on accurate data especially that pertaining to the well’s capacity, if the given data is not accurate then the design will usually be marginal and lead to premature failure.
Here we present cases of premature failures in electrical submersible pump (ESP) system due to natural flow and suggest approaches to minimize the effects of natural flow on the ESP system.
Natural flow was the root cause of premature failure with direct impact on ESP components for fourteen wells, and the effect of natural flow on ESP components has been classified into two cases:
ESP pump failure due to the natural flow force.
ESP power cable failure due to Erosion/Corrosion.
Using Dismantle, Inspection and Failure Analysis (DIFA) reports and history of target wells in this study, we will analyze the data for each case separately to get conclusions and recommendations to deal with the effects of natural flow on ESP components.
In the first case, diverting oil flow through ESP system while the well is naturally flowing might damage internal components of the ESP pump in case the flow rate is more than capacity of the pump, or even keeping the pump running out of recommended operating range (ROR) will lead to pump premature failure.
In the second case in harsh environments like natural flowing wells with high amount of free gases and corrosive due to sour gases, the right selection of ESP cable is critical and the proper choice of its type in many cases has a direct impact on the life of the ESP installation, which will be proven in the conclusion of the second case.
Based on the conclusions for each case, this paper will provide recommendations to minimize the effects of natural flow on ESP system to avoid premature failures for such cases.
Optimized Drilling Fluid and Tailored Practices Help to Successfully Complete Wells Drilled Along the Minimum Horizontal Stress Direction
Authors: Sharma Sunil , Megally Fady , Javay Alexandre , Nafi Mohamed Khalil 
Published: January 2020

From a drilling operation's perspective, the wells drilled in the direction of maximum horizontal stress are ideal as they have less risk of wellbore instability. However, when these wells are hydraulically fractured, the fracture grows along the wellbore in the direction of well azimuth. To avoid overlapping of two adjacent induced fractures and thereby communication between stages, only two to three multistage treatments can be performed.
To increase production and enhance recovery, operators now drill horizontal wells along the minimum horizontal stress direction to generate multiple transverse fractures during the stimulation stage. However, drilling along the minimum horizontal stress direction requires higher mud weights and advanced geomechanics studies to minimize wellbore instability due to prevailing in-situ stress conditions. This increased mud weight leads to higher differential pressures across the depleted reservoir layers, which when coupled with formation instability, creates greater challenges such as stuck pipe and formation breakdowns. During the completion phase, the stiff multistage fracturing string containing multiple packers makes it more difficult to run through a slim hole, resulting in multiple failures, stuck pipe events, and nonproductive time.
While drilling horizontal and high-angle wells in a giant onshore gas field, production holes are drilled through many reservoir layers. A few are highly depleted and the rest are highly pressurized. A high degree of skill is required to design and manage drilling fluids and drilling practices so that the depleted layers seal efficiently, thus preventing the development of a thick filtercake and differential sticking incidents.
This paper outlines a successful neoteric methodology adopted in these challenging wells in a deep gas drilling lump-sum turnkey project in the Middle East after a detailed analysis of offset data and failure incidents. The outstanding performance achieved by adaptation in operational procedures while using the existing setup in both drilling and completion phases, challenges while implementing the strategies, and comparison of results with previous drilling techniques will also be covered to help operators drill successfully in similar conditions.