bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiation vulcanization of natural rubber latex by Caesium-137 source
Authors: Chai C K , Mat Lazim M N 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Radiation vulcanized natural rubber latex is a rubber latex vulcanized by using ionizing radiation such as gamma radiation or electron beam. Gamma radiation is preferred over electron beam due to its higher penetration power, and Cobalt-60 is commonly used as a gamma radiation source for the irradiation process. Caesium-137 is another source for gamma radiation but it is not commonly used for RVNRL preparation despite its longer half-life. Caesium-137 retains its source activity much longer than Cobalt-60 and a Caesium-137 based irradiation facility would require less replenishment compares with the one with Cobalt-60. One of the reasons preventing the application of Caesium-137 for RVNRL preparation is its lower gamma radiation energy. This study aimed to analyze RVNRL prepared by using Caesium-137 source from a gamma cell and to compare its tensile properties with RVNRL prepared by using Cobalt-60 source. Results showed evidence of radiation induced crosslinking in RVNRL prepared by Caesium-137 source. At radiation dose of 12 kGy, the tensile properties of RVNRL prepared by Caesium-137 source is comparable to those by Cobalt-60. At radiation dose below 12 kGy, the effectiveness of Caesium-137 in radiation vulcanization is found to be better than that of Cobalt-60.
Study of the magnet for 1 MeV cyclotron
Authors: Ibrahim Maslina Mohd , Wah Leo Kwee , Aziz Noor Farhana Husna A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The cyclotron is a circular particle accelerator. It was invented by Lawrence and Livingston in 1932. Currently, at least 4 cyclotrons are operating in Malaysia with the energy range of 8.5 MeV to 18 MeV. Typically, those cyclotron facilities are used for the medical radioisotope production. The potential of cyclotron with its applications has embarked us to the conceptual design of 1 MeV Cyclotron. Magnet as an essential component of Cyclotron to guide the beam into the circular desired orbit. Therefore, this paper will discuss the design of this magnet for 1 MeV Cyclotron by using different structure of magnet yoke with the aim to achieve a uniform fringe magnetic field of 1.7 Tesla. As the result, the profile at the median plane of the air gap and the characteristic of edge focusing is simulated by using the 2D Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM 4.2) software.
Geometrodynamics of spacetime “surfing”
Authors: Alias Anuar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The idea of hyper-fast travel in the framework of General Relativity has firstly been introduced by Miguel Alcubierre. It was interesting, as it shows the possibility to locally modified spacetime surrounding an intended vehicle to move at huge speed which is rather different than the method of spacetime topological breaking as in a wormhole theory. Instead of puncturing through a hole in spacetime as in a wormhole, this method of spacetime geometrical modification, manipulates the geometrodynamics contraction and expansion of spacetime curvature so that the intended object’s hypersurface surfs on the surrounding spacetime hyperspace. In this paper we will explore in more detail mathematically, how the concept has been derived in the framework of General Relativity. Starting from developing the metric to the expression of energy density that governs the spacetime “surfing” geometrodynamics in relation with the necessary parameters describing the spacetime warp bubble.
Ageing assessment of biological shielding integrity for PUSPATI TRIGA Reactor
Authors: Ramli Nurhayati , Karim Julia Abdul , Razi Hasniyati Md , Ariff Mustafa Muhammad Khairul , Masenwat Noor Azreen , Sani Suhairy , Hussain Mohd Huzair 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
For more than 35 years of operation and utilization of the neutron source from the PUSPATI TRIGA Reactor (RTP), the reactor has faced ageing challenged and degradation in several structures, systems and components (SSCs). Several modifications have been made since 2010 to ensure safe operation and sustainability, however, due to recent intensively request from the user to use the neutron source, it has shown degradation behaviour in the reactor SSCs including the biological shielding of the RTP. In this paper, it described the assessment of the safety barriers integrity specifically at the biological shielding concrete structure of the RTP. In-service inspection and X-Ray diffraction methodology were used to investigate and analyses the condition. The investigation results show no irregularity except slightly degradation occurrences has been noticed and aware.
A study on components of fly ash of different locations and its utilization for production of improved quality materials: A Review
Authors: Shrivastava Umakant , Khan Mohammad Ziyauddin , Mishra Vikas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
During the combustion of coal for energy production an industrial by-product is generated known as Fly Ash, is recognized as a hazardous environmental pollutant. Globally, a lot of considerable research has been undertaken by the researchers and scientists on this subject because of various environmental problems caused by Fly Ash. In recent past it is only being treated as waste and a source of air and water pollution but is in fact a resource material and has also proven its worth over a period of time. The present paper reviews on the potential applications for coal Fly Ash as a eco-friendly raw material: in construction of building materials like bricks and Portland cement, in painting application, application in TL Dosimetries, as a soil amelioration agent in agriculture, in the synthesis of zeolite, in the synthesis of geo-polymers, as an adsorbent for flue gases, as a removal agent for toxic metals, dyes, organic & inorganic compounds from waste water and for the extraction of the metals. Since at different locations the property of Fly Ash varies; thus we required analyzing its variability parameter for utilizing it effectively. Hence, before the utilization of Fly Ash as a eco-friendly resource material, it is necessary to study properties of Fly Ash from different sources, so that it can be used beneficially.
Thus Fly Ash management is a cause of concern for the future. This article attempts to highlight the management of waste Fly Ash to make use of this solid waste, in order to save our environment.
Synthesis and ionic conductivity measurement of a new potassium ion conducting solid polymer electrolytes
Authors: Chandra Angesh , Basak Subhashis , Khan M.Z. , Chandra Archana , Dhundhel R.S. , Bhatt Alok 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Synthesis and ionic conductivity measurement of a new PEO-based K+ ion conducting solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs): (1-x) PEO: x KCl, where 0≤x≤50 in wt%., are reported. The present SPEs have been prepared by hot-press technique. Ionic conductivity measurements have been carried out with the help of LCR meter. The activation energy of newly synthesized SPE has also been calculated with the help of Arrhenius plot. Materials characterizations have been carried out with the help of DSC analysis. Ionic nature of the present SPE has been explained with the help of ionic transference number (tion) measurement.
Study of Effect of Y substitution on structural, dielectric, impedance and magnetic properties of Bismuth Ferrite
Authors: Thansanga L , Shukla Alok , Kumar Nitin , Choudhary R N P 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Yttrium substituted Bismuth Ferrite of a composition, Bi(Fe0.95Y0.05)O3 (abbreviated as BFYO5) has been synthesized through a conventional mixed oxide route. The orthorhombic crystal structure and a pure-phase formation of the polycrystalline material was verified through X-ray diffraction pattern. The composition of its constituent elements and their concentration ratio were confirmed by using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy technique. Scherrer's equation was used to estimate the average crystallite size of the examined sample specimen and found to be 39 nm. Analysis of the BFYO5 compound's surface morphology was conducted using field emission scanning electron microscope, which clearly shows a densely packed specimen with a homogeneous distribution of various grain dimensions. The interrelationship between frequency and temperature in dielectric, impedance and conductivity parameters with the structure of a sample has also been reported. The impedance spectroscopy analysis shows the nature of negative temperature coefficient of resistance, grain and its boundary effect on the resistive and capacitive features and the presence of non-Debye type of electrical relaxation process in the studied material. The analysis of polarization versus electric field shows the improvement in the value of remnant polarization comparing with the parent compound bismuth ferrite. The substantial enhancement in the magnetization value of the prepared material was also confirmed by its magnetic hysteresis loop study. Based on an important enhancement in the electrical properties, remnant polarization and its magnetic properties, BFYO5 material could be considered as a promising candidate for some of the advance device applications.
Synthesis of blue fluorescent carbon dotsfor sensitive and selective detection of glucose in biological samples
Authors: Sahu Vinayak , Khan Fahmida , Dewangan Pradeep Kumar , Kashyap Komal , Patel Khilawan , Devi Rama , Soni Vipin Kumar , Agrawal Sonalika 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This Article describes a technique for the preparation of blue fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) showing fluorescence emission at 450nm. CDs were prepared using ultra-sonication technique using citric acid and glycerol as precursors. Since glucose quenches the fluorescence of CDs, depending upon this fact, a fluorescent sensor for glucose determination has been established. Under optimized conditions, linear response in therange of 0.1-100µM was obtained for glucose concentration. Limit of detection is found to be 0.08µM. This method was promisingly used for the glucose determination in serum albumin samples and urine samples from different human beings.
Studies on Reflectance-Temperature characteristics of AlGaN semiconductor at three communication windows
Authors: Mohanty Sakti Prasan , Mishra C. S. , Sahoo S. K. , Palai G. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper reports the temperature variation of reflectance with respect to AlGaN wave guide structure. Plane wave expansion technique is employed for simulation to exhibit the reflectance pertaining to AlGaN wave guide structure. The simulation results show the approximate linear variation of reflectance with respect to temperature in the aforementioned AlGaN photonic wave guide structure at threecommunication windows (850 nm, 1310 nm, 1550 nm). Such characteristic study yields with accuracy, the realization of temperaturedependence of reflectance.
Influence of silver nanoparticle on Raman and photoluminescence of heat treated Ag-Er codoped tungsten tellurite glasses
Authors: Patidar Sunil , Ansari Ghizal F , Mahajan S K 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The glasses of composition TeO2-WO3-Li2O-Er2O3 with AgNO3 (TWLEOAG) were prepared by the high-temperature melting method. Surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) bands are observed in the range 520-535 nm and 640-650nm of without erbium-doped glass by absorption spectrum. The TEM measurement reveals the presence of spherical AgNPs in this glass. The DSC has also been analyzed for the stability of transition temperature Tg and on set crystallization T0 of this glass system. The Raman spectrum revealed that TWLEOAG glasses were mainly formed by the [TeO4], {TeO3}, [WO4] and [WO6] units and [TeO4] units convert to [TeO3] units with the addition of WO3 and Li2O content into tellurite glasses system. In particular TWLEOAG05 glass samples, heat-treated different time interval system reveal the enhancement in Raman peaks intensity with small shift in due to Ag nanoparticle. Also photoluminescence enhancement of red upconversion compare to green emission of TWLEOAG05 for different annealing duration has been observed under 808nm excitation. In this work optimum 0.5 mol% AgNP in TWEOAG glass would be useful for optical devices.
Fabrication of L-Cysteine functionalized Graphene quantum dots as a fluorescent nanosensing probe for determination of mercury
Authors: Dewangan Pradeep Kumar , Khan Fahmida , Sahu Vinayak , kashyap Komal , Chandra Ch , Patel Khilawan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A highly sensitive and selective nanosensing probe for mercury ion is reported. Herein highly luminescent cysteine(cys) functionalized Graphene quantum dots(GQDs) were fabricated through facile one-step pyrolysis method by using ethylene glycol and cysteine. The coating of cysteine not only increases quantum yield to 41% but also enhances selective detection of ppb level of mercury ion in the waste water. The fluorescence intensity of Cys-GQDs was sequentially quenched by different concentrations of mercury ion via forming non-luminescent complexes of Cys-GQDs-Hg(II). HR-TEM study clearly shows a monodisperse Cys-GQDs of sizes 2-5 nm with a spherical shape. Raman spectra of Cys-GQDs display the D and G bands at 1350 cm−1 and 1580 cm−1 respectively. Optimum pH is 8 for mercury detection. The minimum limit for accurate detection of mercury is 0.64 ppb
A review on the effect of processing techniques and functionalization of filler on mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Verma R. , Rathod M.J. , Goyal R.K. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites with carbon fillers are widely used for electrical, mechanical and thermal applications due to their excellent intrinsic properties along with their light weight. Carbon fillers with higher aspect ratio have limitations of higher agglomeration and non-uniform distribution in polymer matrix due to high vander Waals forces acting between them and also due to lack of compatibility between polymer and filler. This results in poor properties of the fabricated composites, hence limiting their application. With proper selection of processing method and optimization of processing parameters, mechanical properties of the polymer nanocomposites can be improved. Functionalization of carbon fillercan enhance the compatibility of filler and the polymer matrix, which can further increase the mechanical properties like tensile strength and young’s modulus. This can result in polymer nanocomposites which may have the result in substitution of metals in various applications. This paper reviews about effect of various processing techniques used for dispersion and fabrication of composites and functionalization of filler which can improvemechanical properties of fabricated nanocomposites.
Fabrication and Characterization of Polypyrrole Nanoparticles for Supercapacitor Electrode Materials
Authors: Devi Rama , Patel Khilawan , Sahu Vinayak , Kashyap Komal , Tapadia Kavita , Maharana Tungabidya 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In the present work Polypyrrole nanoparticles are synthesized by oxidative polymerization method in the presence of aqueous nitric acid(HNO3) as solventandferric chloride (FeCl3) as oxidizing agent. During polymerization process the solvent and oxidizing agents played a crucial role in modifying the nanostructures of polypyrrole (PPy). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed theuniform globule morphology and narrow size distribution of produced PPy particles in acid medium. Combined effect of solvent and oxidant are advantageous for the production of PPy nanoparticles (PPyNPs) with a yield of 90%.Four point probe method and strong UV-Visible band confirmhigh electrical conductivity of PPy due to a large Π-conjugation in the polymer structure. The nature and composition of PPyNPs were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrometer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Electrochemical properties were confirmed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galavanostatic charge discharge (GCD) spectrum.CV and GCD spectra illustrate the excellent electrochemical properties of PPyNPs which show higher specific capacitance of 398F g−1 at 100mAg−1 current density.It has wide applications in electronic and electrochromic devices, sensors, membrane separation,corrosion protection, chromatographic stationary phase, rechargeable batteries, drug delivery,supercapacitors,light-weight batteries and microwave shielding etc.
The influence of transport vibrations on the condition of Russian cultural heritage objects
Authors: Dyachkova I , Skachkova M , Kovyazin V 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article is devoted to the negative impact of transport vibrations on the condition of historical and cultural monuments. The causes of the occurrence of transport fluctuations and the consequences of their impact were considered. The authors proposed a classification of the negative impact of transport on monuments, ways to reduce of the negative impact were given, as well as the regions of Russian Federation that are the most susceptible to such impact were analyzed.
Improvement of timber industry logistics using information systems
Authors: Medvedev S , Mokhirev A , Rjabova T 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the problems of using software to solve the problems of timber logistics. Tools for information processing and analysis are proposed. The possibilities of using software products to optimize the activities of enterprises of the forest industry are shown. Further directions on the use of modern information technologies in timber industry logistics are revealed.
Procedural framework of the resources cost effective use of cutting works technologies
Authors: Mushkarova O , Mikheeva M , Chepic F , Vasiliev S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
With a variety of technologies for the cutting works, the choice of them should be determined by a combination of various factors that allow us to estimate the possible level of resource savings at each stage of such work. At the moment, the ecological effect extended for a certain period of time cannot be calculated precisely. It must be taken into account when evaluating the economic effect of resource savings at the enterprises of the timber complex. Using the structural-logical diagram of methodological approaches in order to establish factors and indicators of the resource-saving effect, a system analysis is carried out, which allows us to draw up an algorithm for generating an estimate of the resource-saving effect of various cutting works.
Antioxidant extraction based on black rice (Oryza Sativa L. Indica) to prevent free radical
Authors: Hetharia Gabriela E , Briliannita Anjar , Astuti Mary , Marsono Y 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Free radicals are molecules that in their outer orbit have one or more unpaired electrons; they are very labile and very reactive. These molecules have an important role in tissue damage and pathological processes in living organisms. Antioxidants are compounds that can inhibit oxidation reactions by binding free radicals. The antioxidants produced by the human body are very limited, so we need the intake of antioxidants from outside, especially those from food. Research on antioxidant extraction based on black rice (Oryza Sativa L.Indica) to prevent free radicals has been carried out. This research was conducted using the DPPH method to measure the ability to capture free radicals and FRAP methods to measure antioxidant capacity. This study aimed to obtain data on the level of antioxidant activity contained in black rice and its effect to counteract free radicals. The result showed that the ability to capture free radicals contained 25ppm DPPH anthocyanin extract could inhibit 55,00%. While using the FRAP method, the results of black rice anthocyanin extract have a high antioxidant capacity of 824 ± 17.24 μM. It is evident that the DPPH method used to show in anti-oxidant extracts based on black rice can capture free radicals, while the FRAP method proves that antioxidants in black rice have the capacity to prevent free radicals in the body.
An improved synthesis of 1-monoolein
Authors: Nitbani F O , Jumina  , Siswanta D , Sholikhah E N , Nurohmah B A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The synthesis of 1-monoolein has been carried out through a two-step reaction: transesterification of ethyl oleate and 1,2-acetonide glycerol in the presence of sodium carbonate as a catalyst, and followed by deprotection using an Amberlyst-15 catalyst in ethanol. The transesterification reaction of ethyl oleate could produce 1,2-acetonide-3-oleoyl glycerol as a yellow liquid with a yield of 74%. Meanwhile, the deprotection of the intermediate compound could afford 1-monoolein as an unstable white soft solid in a yield of 59% and melting point at 35-37 °C.
Effect of garlic extract (Allium sativum) administration of the total cholesterol level for white rats (Rattus novergicus) with hypercholesterol
Authors: Listyawati Nurina Rr. , Hewen Wilhelmina , Nyoman Sasputra I , Liana Debora Shinta , Amat Anita Lidesna Shinta 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is one of the non-contagious diseases which is the main cause of death globally. Accumulation of excessive cholesterol or hypercholesterolemia will be atherosclerosis which causes strokes and cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease. Garlic has an active agent allicin which an alkaloid compound that was contained in garlic, can be used to reduce cholesterol levels, in addition: vitamin C and niacin. Knowing that effect of garlic extract (Allium sativum) to decrease cholesterol total levels in white rats (Rattus norvegicus) which are deliberately hypercholesterol.Experimental research through Pre test-post test with control group design approaching in laboratory. Research sample was 25 white rats selected randomly and divided into 5 groups are normal control group and treatment group. Data analysis by One Way ANOVA showed that total cholesterol levels on the 32, 33, 37 and 42 days was significance value of p <0.05, its means the statistical test showed that given the garlic extract (Allium sativum) can reduce total cholesterol levels in white rats with hypercholesterolemia. There is the effect of garlic extract (Allium sativum) on decreasing cholesterol total levels in white rats (Rattus novergicus) with hypercholesterol and a significant value (p <0.05).
Synthesis of mercaptoethyl ester of palm fatty acid distillate: Effects of dehydration methods
Authors: Dewa Gede Arsa Putrawan I , Rahim Dicka Ar , Sitompul Andri Patuan Anggi , Wakana Salma Rifasari 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This research was aimed to evaluate the synthesis of mercaptoethyl ester of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) where water as a byproduct was removed by using vacuum distillation and azeotropic distillation. The reactions were done in a batch reactor using para-toluene sulfonic acid (pTSA) as a catalyst. The performances of the synthesis were evaluated by measuring the sulfhydryl content and yield of the product. Compared to dehydration by vacuum distillation, dehydration by azeotropic distillation gave lower sulfhydryl content and yield but faster reaction completion. Azeotropic distillation gave sulfhydryl content and yield in the range of 6–7% and 57–74%, respectively. Vacuum distillation gave sulfhydryl content and yield in the range of 7–9% and 75–85%, respectively.