bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HERTA MÜLLER, OSKAR PASTIOR, AND ATEMSCHAUKEL AS POETIC ASSEMBLAGE
Authors: Vinter Hannah 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study explores Herta Müller's engagement with the poet Oskar Pastior's life and work in her novel Atemschaukel (2009). The novel is largely based on Pastior's experience as one among the thousands of Romanian‐Germans deported to Gulags in 1945, and the poet worked with Müller both as a source and a literary collaborator before his death. Müller does not directly reproduce Pastior's poetics or his experience in her novel, but she engages with both using dynamic, paratactical structures reminiscent of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's notion of ‘assemblage’. Müller's interaction with Pastior benefits from an overlap between their poetic concerns: both writers’ oeuvres are marked by traumatic experiences of totalitarianism, and by a desire to undermine the master‐narratives of ideology. In Atemschaukel their poetics become entangled, evoking both resistance to totalitarian structures, and the trauma these same structures inflict. The dynamic poetic forms Müller uses to engage with Pastior also help her to negotiate a fraught memory space that not only includes Soviet crimes, but is also overshadowed by Nazi atrocity. Through the use of paratactical poetic motifs Müller acknowledges the presence of multiple painful historical currents, without shaping them into an undifferentiated whole.
POST‐COMMUNIST TRUTHS: UNDERSTANDING HERTA MÜLLER IN ROMANIA
Authors: Bizuleanu Dana , Conkan Marius 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSituated within the discourse of Romanian post‐Communist mentalities, this article aims to analyse Herta Müller's prose from a narratological and geocritical point of view. The works of this German‐language author are often interpreted as dissident literature and explored through the lens of narrative theory, autofiction, and her highly poetic language. Numerous Romanian authors have depicted the Communist ‘still life’ in their books, but Müller uses Communism as a framework and tool for metaphorising liminal and traumatic experiences. Focusing on Herta Müller's prose, this article explores three constituent layers: her poetics of fiction, the representation of imaginary spaces, and how her works are perceived in post‐Communist Romania. Müller's fictional worlds are fragmented and decentred, with a fractal configuration, as they are created by a network of transfer‐images that function in a rhizomatic manner. Communist Romania is turned into a mental space and becomes the frame for expressing different configurations of anguish. Comparing the Communist space found in Müller's writings to the actual Communist space of Romania reveals the way in which her works do not merely reflect a damaging socio‐political context, but actually expose the universal dystopia that is the consequence of any extremist ideology.
Issues Impacting Adverse Event Frequency and Severity: Differences Between Randomized Phase 2 and Phase 3 Clinical Trials for Lasmiditan
Authors: Kudrow David , Krege John H. , Hundemer Hans P. , Berg Paul H. , Khanna Rashna , Ossipov Michael H. , Pozo‐Rosich Patricia 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveWe explore factors that may have contributed to differences in treatment‐emergent adverse events in the phase 2 and phase 3 lasmiditan clinical trials.BackgroundPhase 2 and phase 3 trials showed that the centrally penetrant 5‐HT1F agonist, lasmiditan, was effective; higher frequency and severity of adverse events (AEs) were seen in phase 2.MethodsThis work represents a hybrid of a review of primary documents and study reports with additional post hoc analyses. Protocols, informed consents, data collection forms, and methodologies were reviewed. This information was supplemented by results from the clinical study reports and post hoc analyses of individual patient data from each trial.ResultsFor lasmiditan 100 and 200 mg, in phase 2, the incidence of ≥1 AE was 72‐86% (26% severe), while in phase 3 was 36‐43% (2% severe). The most common AEs in all studies were CNS‐related. The phase 2 consent form was more descriptive of AEs than phase 3. In phase 2, patients recorded AEs and severity in a paper diary that warned about drowsiness and dizziness. In phase 3, patients recorded in electronic diaries whether they experienced unusual feelings after dosing with lasmiditan that they had not felt with a migraine before, and were contacted to determine if an AE had occurred. In phase 2, the AE Schwindel was variably translated from German as “vertigo” or “dizziness,” while phase 3 vertigo cases were queried to ensure there was a sensation of rotation or movement. History of recurrent dizziness and/or vertigo was exclusionary in phase 3.ConclusionsThis work illustrates how informed consent wording, AE collection methods, translation, exclusion criteria, and other factors may be important determinants for reporting of the frequency and severity of AEs in clinical trials.
Outcomes of lactulose plus branched‐chain amino acid infusion and lactulose alone for hepatic encephalopathy: A retrospective cohort study using a national inpatient database
Authors: Okada Akira , Yamana Hayato , Yamaguchi Satoko , Ikeda Kurakawa Kayo , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Nangaku Masaomi , Kadowaki Takashi , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: January 2020

AimPrevious randomized controlled trials of branched‐chain amino acid infusion for hepatic encephalopathy involved a small number of patients, and the effectiveness of branched‐chain amino acid infusion has not been clarified. We evaluated whether branched‐chain amino acid infusion in addition to lactulose treatment was associated with short‐term outcomes in a large population of patients.MethodsUsing the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, we retrospectively identified inpatients with hepatic encephalopathy who received lactulose within 2 days of admission from July 2011 to March 2017. We divided the patients into those who received branched‐chain amino acid infusion within 2 days of admission in addition to lactulose treatment and those who did not. We conducted propensity‐score inverse probability of treatment weighting analyses to compare in‐hospital mortality, consciousness at discharge, in‐hospital complications, length of stay, and total hospitalization costs between the groups.ResultsWe identified 8051 patients with hepatic encephalopathy treated with lactulose, including 7560 patients who received lactulose plus branched‐chain amino acid infusion and 491 who received lactulose alone. The lactulose plus branched‐chain amino acid infusion group had a significantly lower mortality than the lactulose alone group (9.6% vs. 15.0%, odds ratio 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.44–0.82). The lactulose plus branched‐chain amino acid infusion group also had a lower proportion of patients with impaired mental status at discharge, and lower total hospitalization costs than the lactulose alone group.ConclusionsBranched‐chain amino acid infusion together with lactulose may improve the prognosis of hepatic encephalopathy.
The feasibility of psychometric measures for body image and lymphedema for routine practice
Authors: Hollyhead Cyan , Branney Peter 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of the Male Genital Self‐Image Scale (MGSIS‐5) and Groin and Lower Limb Lymphedema questionnaire (G3L‐20) in a community sample of cisgender men aged 40 years and older. Psychometric measures can aid urologic practice by prompting patients to talk about aspects of their body that are either too sensitive or a natural part of aging. Importantly, reliable and valid measures can also contribute to an evidenced‐based‐practice‐based‐evidence cycle where they can establish the impact of changes recommended by research while using the results in turn to inform research. In this study, we examine two psychometric measures on the opposite ends of a psychological‐physical continuum; the MGSIS‐5 and the G3L‐20. A non‐experimental psychometric design was employed, administering the questionnaires online to a community sample of cisgender men aged 40 years old and above. Validity and reliability analyses were conducted. Thirty men completed the study; 14 aged 40 to 49, 14 aged 50 to 59 and 2 aged 60 to 69. The MGSIS‐5 and G3L‐20 show acceptable reliability and validity with one‐ and three‐component structures, respectively. The MGSIS‐5 and G3L‐20 show sufficient feasibility to justify the resources for studies with larger community samples and for pilot studies with clinical populations.
Interplay of spin, lattice, vibration, and charge degrees of freedom: Magneto‐dielectricity in Ca3Mn2O7
Authors: Sahlot Pooja , Sharma Gaurav , Sathe Vasant , Sinha Anil K. , Awasthi Anand M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFrom low‐temperature Synchrotron X‐ray diffraction, a precise thermal characterization of octahedral distortions in single‐phase Ruddlesden‐Popper Ca3Mn2O7 is performed. Highly sensitive close‐steps temperature dependences of Mn‐O‐Mn bond angles connecting MnO6 octahedra clearly reveal the signature of spin ordering in the system. Spin‐lattice coupling is thus revealed via the structural distortions, responsible for the evolution of the magnetic state. Further, benchmark temperature anomalies observed in the unit cell volume and its polarization‐measure highlight the interplay between spin, lattice, and charge degrees of freedom. Strong spin‐lattice coupling is supported by the Raman spectroscopy results across the magnetic ordering. Dielectric study on Ca3Mn2O7 features relaxor‐like segmented dynamics below the antiferromagnetic ordering. Dipolar relaxations of different origins are spectrally resolved, exhibiting distinct H‐field alterations which identify their allegiance to different magnetic subphases. Dipole‐relaxation characteristics examined under applied magnetic field and the ensuing magneto‐dielectricity consistently correlate with the concurrent magnetic, structural, and vibrational features.
Expression signature of six‐snoRNA serves as novel non‐invasive biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis prediction of renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Yanyun , Yan Yuanyuan , Ma Rong , Lv Xuemei , Zhang Liwen , Wang Jinlong , Zhu Wenjing , Zhao Lan , Jiang Longyang , Zhao Lin , Wen Lijie , Yang Bo , Chen Yuzong , He Miao , Liu Mingyan , Wei Minjie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIncreasing evidence has verified that small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) play significant roles in tumorigenesis and exhibit prognostic value in clinical practice. In the study, we analysed the expression profile and clinical relevance of snoRNAs from TCGA database including 530 ccRCC (clear cell renal cell carcinoma) and 72 control cases. By using univariate and multivariate Cox analysis, we established a six‐snoRNA signature and divided patients into high‐risk or low‐risk groups. We found patients in high‐risk group had significantly shorter overall survival and recurrence‐free survival than those in low‐risk group in test series, validation series and entire series by Kaplan‐Meier analysis. We also confirmed this signature had a great accuracy and specificity in 64 clinical tissue cases and 50 serum samples. Then, depending on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis we found the six‐snoRNA signature was an superior indicator better than conventional clinical factors (AUC = 0.732). Furthermore, combining the signature with TNM stage or Fuhrman grade were the optimal indicators (AUC = 0.792; AUC = 0.800) and processed the clinical applied value for ccRCC. Finally, we found the SNORA70B and its hose gene USP34 might directly regulate Wnt signalling pathway to promote tumorigenesis in ccRCC. In general, our study established a six‐snoRNA signature as an independent and superior diagnosis and prognosis indicator for ccRCC.
IL‐6 expression promoted by Poly(I:C) in cervical cancer cells regulates cytokine expression and recruitment of macrophages
Authors: Liu Xin , Meng Lihua , Chen Ling , Liang Ying , Wang Bingyu , Shao Qianqian , Wang Huayang , Yang Xingsheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPoly(I:C) is a promising adjuvant for cancer treatment vaccines to enhance the host anti‐tumour immune response. However, the roles of poly(I:C) in the cervical cancer microenvironment and local immune reactions are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the roles of poly(I:C) in the cervical cancer. We analysed the cytokine transcription and secretion of cervical cancer cell lines and THP‐1–derived macrophages after poly(I:C) treatment, respectively. These results revealed that IL‐6 was significantly up‐regulated, and this up‐regulation was partly dose dependent. poly(I:C)‐stimulated supernatant of cervical cancer cells promoted M1‐type cytokine IL‐1β and IL‐6 expression of THP‐1–derived macrophages, but inhibited the expression of M2‐type cytokine, IL‐10 and CCL22. The recruitment of THP‐1–derived macrophages by poly(I:C)‐stimulated cervical cancer cell supernatant was also enhanced. Inhibition of IL‐6 expression in cervical cancer cells by siRNA transfection almost completely reversed the effects of poly(I:C) treatment. Finally, we found that phosphorylation of the NF‐κB signalling pathway in cervical cancer cells occurred quickly after poly(I:C) treatment. Moreover, the NF‐κB signalling pathway inhibitor PDTC significantly inhibited poly(I:C)‐induced IL‐6 expression. Taken together, these results suggest that poly(I:C) might regulate the effects of cervical cancer cells on tumour‐infiltrated macrophages, and subsequently promote a pro‐inflammatory tumour microenvironment.
Nurses’ perceptions regarding transitional care for adolescents and young adults with childhood‐onset chronic diseases
Authors: Suzuki Seigo , Kita Sachiko , Morisaki Mayumi , Kikuchi Ryota , Sato Iori , Iwasaki Miwa , Otomo Eiko , Sekiguchi Hiromi , Hirata Yoichiro , Sato Atsushi , Sugiyama Masahiko , Kamibeppu Kiyoko 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimNurses are expected to have a role in the transition of care from pediatric to adult medical practices for adolescents and young adults with childhood‐onset chronic diseases. This study compares the experience, knowledge, and perceptions regarding the ideal care among adult unit and pediatric nurses regarding the transition to adult care for those with childhood‐onset chronic diseases.MethodsA cross‐sectional study using self‐report questionnaires was conducted with nurses in a tertiary hospital in Tokyo. Questions were generated based on a literature review and expert discussion. Data from 1,064 participants were analyzed (adult unit nurses: n = 959, 90.1%; pediatric nurses: n = 105, 9.9%).ResultsAmong 623 adult unit nurses who had care experience for adult patients with a childhood‐onset chronic disease, 458 nurses (73.6%) were unaware of the concept of transitional care. As the obstructive factors for transition, pediatric nurses recognized problems in healthcare providers' attitudes and lack of transitional care coordinators, while the adult unit nurses emphasized the patients' wishes to continue to receive pediatric healthcare. Most adult unit nurses expected pediatric nurses to function as transitional care coordinators.ConclusionAdult unit and pediatric nurses had different perceptions of the barriers in transitioning children with chronic diseases to adult care. It is important to have educational programs focusing on transitional care for all nurses, both to enable pediatric nurses to improve transition readiness of children with chronic diseases and to offer adult patients with a childhood‐onset chronic disease continuing support through adult unit nurses.
Swiprosin1/EFhd2 is involved in the monoaminergic and locomotor responses of psychostimulant drugs
Authors: Kogias Georgios , Zheng Fang , Kalinichenko Liubov S. , Kornhuber Johannes , Alzheimer Christian , Mielenz Dirk , Müller Christian P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPsychostimulants are widely abused drugs that may cause addiction in vulnerable individuals. While the reward circuitry of the brain is involved in addiction establishment, various pathways in the brain may provide protection at the molecular level that limits the acute and chronic effects of drugs. These targets may be used for strategies designed to prevent and treat addiction. Swiprosin‐1/EF hand domain 2 (EFhd2) is a Ca2+‐binding cytoskeletal adaptor protein involved in sensation‐seeking behaviour, anxiety and alcohol addiction. Here, we tested how EFhd2 contributes to the physiological and behavioural effects of the psychostimulant drugs methamphetamine (METH) and cocaine. An in vivo microdialysis study in EFhd2 knockout mice revealed that EFhd2 controls METH‐ and cocaine‐induced changes in extracellular dopamine, serotonin and noradrenaline levels through different mechanisms in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex. Electrophysiological recordings in a slice preparation showed that a lack of EFhd2 increases dopaminergic neuronal activity in the ventral tegmental area and increases the sensitivity of neurons to stimulation. We report a role of EFhd2 in METH‐induced locomotor activation and in the conditioned locomotor effects. No role, however, was observed in the establishment of METH‐ or cocaine‐induced conditioned place preference. These findings may suggest that EFhd2 modulates the activity of the dopaminergic system and the neurochemical effects of METH and cocaine, which translate into a modulation of the behavioural effects of these drugs at the level of the acute and conditioned locomotor activity.image
Mechanism of nonthermal induction of apoptosis by high‐intensity focused electromagnetic procedure: Biochemical investigation in a porcine model
Authors: Halaas Yael , Bernardy Jan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMultiple studies have reported adipose tissue reduction after the application of the High‐Intensity Focused Electromagnetic (HIFEM) field technology, yet cellular level evidence of the mechanisms has remained scarce.ObjectivesThis study aims to verify or refute previous single‐study histological evidence and further investigates the proposed mechanism of apoptotic induction.MethodsThe thigh of two Large White pigs was treated with HIFEM for 30 minutes. Fat punch biopsies were collected from the application area before, immediately after, and 8 hours post‐treatment. Control samples were taken from the abdomen immediately after and 8 hours post‐treatment. Samples were analyzed for pro‐apoptotic DNA markers (BAX, BCL‐2, TXNIP, MMP9, TNF‐α), the levels of free fatty acids (FFA), and the pH levels of the adipose tissue.ResultsThe levels of FFA in the treated adipose tissue increased on average by 127.1% immediately post‐treatment and by 134.1% 8 hours post‐treatment, indicating a rapid breakdown of lipids. The average recorded adipose pH changed from 7.30 ± 0.12 at baseline to 6.60 ± 0.07 immediately post‐treatment (P = .001) and to 7.19 ± 0.12 8 hours post‐treatment. The levels of BAX, TXNIP, MMP9, and TNF‐α increased post‐treatment while BCL‐2 decreased. Control samples showed constant levels of pH and pro‐apoptotic markers. The FFAs in the control samples were increased by 41.6%‐51.4%.ConclusionThe changes in the levels of the pro‐apoptotic markers conformed to the previously reported elevated fat apoptosis post‐HIFEM treatments. These effects were accompanied by an increase in FFA levels, and by reduced pH levels, due to the increased acidity in the adipose tissue. Further research is required to explore the potential of nonthermal induction of apoptosis.
The role of local leaders in regional development funding: Evidence from an elite survey
Authors: Merkaj Elvina , Lucchetti Riccardo , Fiorillo Fabio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMany postsocialist countries are run by an elite with links to the socialist legacy and often share similar challenges and issues. We investigate formal and informal factors shaping the role of mayors in accessing regional development funds in Albania, a postsocialist country. With data from one of the largest elite (mayors) survey, we analyze both channels of influence of the mayors: the number of applications and the success rate. We find that mayors bring their communities more funds using formal leadership qualities that intensify the number of submissions. On the other hand, informal leadership remains important in explaining the success rate, as by using networking channels leaders enhance the probability to get financed. Political power is also decisive in the process.
Inheritance of anthracnose resistance (Colletotrichum scovillei) in ripe and unripe Capsicum annuum fruits
Authors: Giacomin Renata Mussoi , Ruas Claudete de Fátima , Moreira Aline Fabiana Paladini , Guidone Gustavo Henrique Migliorini , Baba Viviane Yumi , Rodrigues Rosana , Gonçalves Leandro Simões Azeredo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAnthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is one of the most common diseases affecting sweet pepper and chilli pepper production worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical zones. This disease results in severe fruit damage both pre‐ and postharvest. The development of resistant cultivars is the most effective strategy for disease control, which requires knowing the genetic basis of resistance. In this study, we analysed the inheritance of resistance of Capsicum annuum to Colletotrichum scovillei at two fruit development stages. The ripe and unripe fruits were inoculated by conidia suspension, and anthracnose severity was evaluated for 8 days using a score scale. It was found that the inheritance of resistance has independent expression in ripe and unripe fruits. In both cases, two main genes are responsible for resistance with polygenic effects. Genetic control, with a quantitative aspect, is more affected by dominance than the additive effects, in both fruit development stages of C. annuum.
The relationship between villous height and growth performance, small intestinal mucosal enzymes activities and nutrient transporters expression in weaned piglets
Authors: Wang Min , Yang Chan , Wang Qiye , Li Jianzhong , Huang Pengfei , Li Yali , Ding Xueqin , Yang Huansheng , Yin Yulong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntestinal villi are important structures for digesting and absorbing nutrients. It was hypothesized that intestinal villous height (VH) is related to growth performance, and that VH is associated with digestive and absorptive capabilities in piglets. Sixty 21‐d‐old weaned piglets were fed identical diets for 28 days. The piglets were grouped according to jejunal or ileal VH at the end of the experiment, including short, middle and high VH groups. The final BW (quadratic, p = .003), ADG (liner, p = .052; quadratic, p = .030) and G: F (liner, p = .074; quadratic, p = .005) were greater in higher VH piglets compared with the shorter VH piglets. Significant linear relationships were recorded between jejunal VH and maltase (linear, p = .003) and sucrase (linear, p = .004) activities. Besides, jejunal VH was significantly associated with maltase (r = 0.357, p = .007), sucrase (r = 0.394, p = .003) and alkaline phosphate (r = 0.288, p = .033) activities. Jejunal Slc1a1 (linear, p = .004) mRNA expression increased as VH increased, while Slc7a1 (linear, p = .007) expression decreased as VH increased, and Slc1a1 (r = 0.292, p = .031) expression was positively related to VH. In the ileum, Slc5a1 (linear, p = .002) and Slc1a1 (linear, p < .001) expression increased as VH increased, whereas Slc7a1 (linear, p = .045) expression decreased as VH increased. A positive relationship between ileal VH and Slc5a1 (r = 0.331, p = .018), Slc1a1 (r = 0.444, p = .001) and Slc6a19 (r = 0.314, p = .026), respectively, was established. Additionally, Slc7a9 (r = 0.0271, p = .057) expression tended to be positively associated with VH in ileum. In conclusion, the growth performance of piglets increased with increasing VH, which may via affecting mucosal enzymes activities and nutrient transporters’ mRNA expression.