bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Polytropic Behavior of Plasmas Determined from the Application of Chi-squared Minimization Analysis to Data with Significant Statistical Uncertainty
Authors: Nicolaou Georgios , Livadiotis George , Ioannou Charalambos 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The effective polytropic index of plasmas is typically determined from the analysis of the plasma temperature (or pressure) and density, which are plasma bulk parameters determined from analyses of in situ plasma observations. Here, we show that the use of the typical chi-squared minimization method in plasma observation analyses results in artificial correlations between the plasma density and temperature, which will introduce errors in the determination of the plasma polytropic relationship. We quantify this potential error by analyzing simulated plasma observations. We specifically show that even in cases of nonvarying plasma, a significant statistical uncertainty in the observations leads to the determination of plasma parameters, which seemingly follow a nearly adiabatic model. Moreover, we consider isobaric plasma variations and discuss the error in the determined polytropic relationship as a function of the actual plasma variations and the statistical uncertainties of the determined parameters. We finally show that the use of an alternative analysis method improves the accuracy of the results.
Levothyroxine therapy in pregnancy: Are we overtreating patients?
Authors: Yanachkova Vesselina , Staynova Radiana , Grekova-Kafalova Daniela , Petkova Valentina 
Published: December 2024

Background: Pregnancy imposes unique physiological requirements on the mother’s thyroid gland to meet the thyroid hormone demands both for her and the fetus. A lack of consensus in current guidelines on diagnosing thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and administering levothyroxine raises concerns regarding treatment efficacy. As hypothyroidism—subclinical or overt—is a recognized risk factor for an unfavorable pregnancy outcome, the administration of excessive or unneeded therapy can also lead to complications.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of levothyroxine replacement therapy among euthyroid pregnant women.
Materials and methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the data from 6237 pregnant women who delivered at the OB/GYN Hospital “Dr. Shterev” in Sofia, Bulgaria, between January 2017 and December 2022. Thyroid function data were available for 1746 pregnant women meeting inclusion criteria: aged &gt; 18 years, with singleton pregnancies, and thyroid hormone level tests conducted no later than mid-second trimester.
Results: According to pregnancy-specific thyroid disorder diagnostic criteria, patients were categorized into euthyroid (n = 1066), subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 421), overt hypothyroidism (n = 48), isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia (n = 160), gestational thyrotoxicosis (n = 46), and Graves’ disease (n = 5). Analysis revealed that 37.7% (n = 401) of euthyroid pregnant women were prescribed levothyroxine. Only 22.9% (n = 92) of euthyroid women received hormone replacement therapy due to autoimmune thyroiditis.
Conclusion: Our findings prompt consideration regarding the appropriateness of levothyroxine therapy for euthyroid pregnant women. Clear guidance is warranted on the initiation of hormone replacement therapy during pregnancy.
Exploring the Cultural Influences on Plastic Surgery Preferences and Practices amongst Saudi Arabian Women: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Alsaati Ahmed Abdulaziz , Alhumaydhan Abdulrahman Sami , Alshammari Tmadher , Albarrati Ayman Mohammed , Alsanad Lamyaa , Albinsaad Loai Saleh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Cultural standards of beauty significantly impact individuals’ physical appearance perceptions and plastic surgery considerations. This study aims to investigate how Saudi cultural norms influence women’s attitudes and preferences regarding plastic surgery.

Subjects and Methods:
A cross-sectional survey involved 1602 Saudi women across diverse demographics. A validated questionnaire assessed familiarity with plastic surgery, satisfaction with appearance, societal pressure experiences and preference determinants. Descriptive analyses characterised responses, while tests examined associations between variables.

Results:
The sample comprised mainly younger, educated women familiar with plastic surgery, with 50.1% considering it. Moderate satisfaction levels contrasted societal pressure experiences. Family/friends moderately influenced decisions, conforming to traditions remained important. Higher education correlated with reduced preferences. Employed women also exhibited less inclination. Preferences correlated positively with understanding beauty standards and internal/external validation seeking. Societal acceptance, media exposure and comparisons impacted preferences.

Conclusion:
Saudi cultural norms significantly shaped plastic surgery attitudes and awareness. Preferences varied with demographics and internalisation of beauty ideals. Understanding societal factors’ complex influences on women’s physical appearance perceptions offers insights for sensitive clinical consultations and informed consent. Targeted initiatives may help address unhealthful social pressures driving unnecessary procedures through empowering self-acceptance.
Evaluation of the Effect of Different Contaminants on the Shear Bond Strength of Different Adhesive Systems - An In Vitro Study
Authors: Jha Monalisha , Kumar Amit , Telang Abha , Kumari Puja , Verma Gaurav , Bharti Karuna 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The bonding of restorative materials to tooth structure is made easier by dental adhesive solutions, which are essential in restorative dentistry. Nonetheless, there are a number of things that can affect how well they operate, such as oral environmental contaminants.

Methodology:
The research utilized a regulated experimental framework, segmenting the samples into smaller groups to symbolize discrete contamination scenarios observed in dentistry settings, such as artificial saliva and Viscostat clear contamination prior to and following bonding agent curing. The adhesive groups consisted of three subgroups: ADPER SINGLE BOND-2, CLEARFIL LINER BOND-F, AND SINGLE BOND UNIVERSAL ADHESIVE. Each subgroup had 11 samples. To assess the variations in shear bond strength across the groups, statistical analysis was applied, most likely using SPSS or a comparable program.

Results:
In all contamination circumstances, ADPER SINGLE BOND-2 consistently showed a stronger shear bond strength than CLEARFIL LINER BOND-F and SINGLE BOND UNIVERSAL ADHESIVE, according to the data. To be more precise, ADPER SINGLE BOND-2 showed better results even when artificial saliva and Viscostat clear were present, suggesting that it might be used in clinical settings. These results highlight how crucial adhesive choice is to get the best bonding results possible in restorative dentistry.

Conclusion:
According to the study, ADPER SINGLE BOND-2 may provide medical professionals with a dependable solution for creating strong, long-lasting adhesive connections, especially in difficult clinical settings where contamination is a possibility.
Comparative Evaluation of Ketoprofen Gel Alone and in Combination with Doxycycline Gel as Local Drug Delivery in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis among Smokers and Non-Smokers: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Gandhi Krupali J. , Nadig Priyadarshini P. , Vishnoi Shivlal , Sheth Bhumika S. , Desai Jinal , Raj Kandarp 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Objective:
Often, the treatment goals for chronic periodontitis in smokers are not achieved only by scaling and root planing (SRP) as non-surgical periodontal therapy. Adjunctive therapy such as local drug delivery (LDD) can be carried out in an attempt to reduce the need for periodontal surgery. The study was carried out to determine the efficacy of subgingivally delivered ketoprofen (K) + doxycycline (D) gel and compare it with that of subgingivally delivered ketoprofen (K) gel alone as an adjunct to SRP in smokers and non-smoker patients having chronic periodontitis.

Materials and Methods:
Twelve patients in the non-smoker group and nine patients in the smoker group having chronic periodontitis with ≥4-mm pocket depth in at least three adjacent teeth in each quadrant were recruited for the study. The quadrants were randomized into K alone and K + D subgroups. 2.5% ketoprofen gel and 2.5% ketoprofen + 3% doxycycline gel were delivered into designated sites after SRP, and the sites were secured using periodontal dressing. Plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and relative attachment level (RAL) were recorded at baseline and 3 months.

Results:
At 3 months follow-up, both the groups showed significant improvement in PI, BOP, PPD, and RAL (P < 0.05). K + D showed a significantly greater reduction of PI, BOP, PPD, and RAL in both smokers and non-smokers than K alone (P < 0.05). Non-smokers responded significantly better than smokers for PI, BOP, PPD, and RAL with both treatment modalities (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The results indicate that smokers and non-smokers demonstrate better clinical outcomes by using K + D LDD as an adjunct to SRP. Moreover, non-smokers responded better to both modalities than smokers.
A Comparative Study of Bcl-2 Expression in Oral Leukoplakia with Dysplasia, Verrucous Carcinoma, and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Roy Bireswar , Saxena Shivani , Tripathi Narayan , Sharma Mridul , Rana Deepmala , Pramukh N , Mehta Miral 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
To study the immunohistochemical expression of Bcl-2 in oral leukoplakia with dysplasia, verrucous carcinoma and oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC).

Methodology:
A total of 80 formalin-fixed , paraffin- embedded specimens were selected , amongst them 30 cases of different grades of dysplasia- 10 mild, 10 moderate and 10 severe and 30 oral squamous cell carcinoma of various grades- 10 well differentiated, 10 moderately differentiated and 10 poorly differentiated, 10 verrucous carcinoma had been included in the study. 10 normal buccal mucosa were used as control group.

Results:
The immunohistochemical expression of Bcl-2 in oral leukoplakia with different grades of dysplasia, in verrucous carcinoma and in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma with normal mucosa were compared. Moreover, the expression of Bcl-2 was found to increase significantly between dysplasia and different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Conclusion:
The expression of Bcl-2 has always guided the researchers towards mapping the progression of dysplasia as well as malignant transformation at the molecular level.
Assessment of the Periodontal Parameters in Pregnant Women Diagnosed with Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sayeed Ghousia , Varghese Sheeja S. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MeS) is increasing due to modern lifestyles, making it essential to explore its connection with conditions like periodontitis, particularly in pregnant women. This study aims to evaluate the periodontal parameters health of pregnant women with metabolic syndrome.

Material and Methods:
The study included 144 pregnant women aged 18–34 with MeS. Demographic data collected encompassed age, nutrition, medical history, and oral health practices. Dental exams assessed the gingival index, plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, and clinical attachment loss, classifying participants into mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis. Blood glucose, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and BMI were measured to analyze the relationship between the number of MeS components and periodontal disease severity using a Chi-square test. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Gingivitis was present in 33.3% of the subjects, whereas severe periodontitis was in 20.8%. Nonetheless, there was no discernible correlation (P > 0.05) between periodontal disease severity and MeS risk variables.

Conclusion:
The majority of subjects had gingivitis, although all patients with MeS exhibited periodontal disease to some degree. However, there is still debate over whether or whether an increased presence of MeS components is associated with more severe periodontal disease, particularly during pregnancy.
Sleep Pattern and the Incidence of Early Childhood Caries: Systematic Review
Authors: Abdul Nishath Sayed 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The relationship between sleep patterns and early childhood caries (ECC) has been variably explored, with emerging evidence suggesting significant interconnections. This systematic review aimed to synthesize existing research findings on the influence of sleep hygiene on ECC incidence, focusing on how variations in sleep quality and routines impact dental health in children.

Methods:
The review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria to ensure rigor and transparency. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across various databases.

Results:
The collective analysis revealed a consistent linkage between poor sleep quality or irregular sleep patterns and higher ECC incidence. Common findings across the reviewed studies included the negative impact of late sleep onset and the beneficial effects of structured bedtime routines on ECC risk. While all studies agreed on the general influence of sleep quality on dental health, differences were noted in the emphasis on specific sleep disturbances, parental roles, and broader developmental outcomes linked to sleep hygiene.

Conclusion:
Sleep hygiene plays a critical role in the incidence of ECC, with both general sleep patterns and specific nighttime routines contributing to dental health outcomes. The findings suggest that interventions aimed at improving sleep hygiene could be beneficial in ECC prevention.
Dysregulation of genes involved in the long-chain fatty acid transport in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Poenaru Radu Cristian , Milanesi Elena , Niculae Andrei Marian , Dobre Anastasia-Maria , Vladut Catalina , Ciocîrlan Mihai , Balaban Daniel Vasile , Herlea Vlad , Dobre Maria , Hinescu Mihail Eugen 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive lethal malignancy with limited options for treatment and a 5-year survival rate of 11% in the United States. As for other types of tumors, such as colorectal cancer, aberrant de novo lipid synthesis and reprogrammed lipid metabolism have been suggested to be associated with PDAC development and progression.
AIM
To identify the possible involvement of lipid metabolism in PDAC by analyzing in tumoral and non-tumoral tissues the expression level of the most relevant genes involved in the long-chain fatty acid (FA) import into cell.
METHODS
A gene expression analysis of FASN , CD36 , SLC27A1 , SLC27A2 , SLC27A3 , SLC27A4 , SLC27A5 , ACSL1 , and ACSL3 was performed by qRT-PCR in 24 tumoral PDAC tissues and 11 samples from non-tumoral pancreatic tissues obtained via fine needle aspiration or via surgical resection. The genes were considered significantly dysregulated between the groups when the p value was < 0.05 and the fold change (FC) was ≤ 0.5 and ≥ 2.
RESULTS
We found that three FA transporters and two long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases genes were significantly upregulated in the PDAC tissue compared to the non-tumoral tissue: SLC27A2 (FC = 5.66; P = 0.033), SLC27A3 (FC = 2.68; P = 0.040), SLC27A4 (FC = 3.13; P = 0.033), ACSL1 (FC = 4.10; P < 0.001), and ACSL3 (FC = 2.67; P = 0.012). We further investigated any possible association between the levels of the analyzed mRNAs and the specific characteristics of the tumors, including the anatomic location, the lymph node involvement, and the presence of metastasis. A significant difference in the expression of SLC27A3 (FC = 3.28; P = 0.040) was found comparing patients with and without lymph nodes involvement with an overexpression of this transcript in 17 patients presenting tumoral cells in the lymph nodes.
CONCLUSION
Despite the low number of patients analyzed, these preliminary results seem to be promising. Addressing lipid metabolism through a broad strategy could be a beneficial way to treat this malignancy. Future in vitro and in vivo studies on these genes may offer important insights into the mechanisms linking PDAC with the long-chain FA import pathway.
STUDI EKSPERIMEN KUAT TEKAN BETON MENGGUNAKAN PORTLAND COMPOSITE CEMENT (PCC) DAN PORTLAND POZZOLAN CEMENT (PPC) DENGAN PASIR YANG DITAMBANG DARI SUNGAI WAMPU (MIX DESIGN SNI 7656-2012)
Authors: Lestari Ayu Dwi , Hutauruk Denny Meisandy , Alfa Akbar 
Published: December 2024

The commonly used types of cement are PCC and PPC. Research on the differences in compressive strength of concrete using PCC and PPC cement has yielded contradictory results. This study was conducted to re-examine and determine the differences in compressive strength of concrete using these two types of cement. The research sample consisted of 18 specimens (9 using PCC cement and 9 using PPC cement). The concrete mix design was based on SNI 7656-2012. The sand used was sourced from the Wampu River. From the mix design calculations, the composition for PCC cement concrete was 1.574 kg of cement, 4.054 kg of sand, 5.957 kg of gravel, and 0.96 kg of water. Meanwhile, the composition for PPC cement concrete was 1.574 kg of cement, 4.014 kg of sand, 5.957 kg of gravel, and 0.96 kg of water. The compressive strength test results for PCC cement concrete at 7 days were 7.26 MPa; at 14 days, 15.75 MPa; and at 28 days, 23.58 MPa. For PPC cement concrete, the compressive strength at 7 days was 7.17 MPa; at 14 days, 13.90 MPa; and at 28 days, 21.41 MPa. It was concluded that concrete using PCC cement has higher compressive strength compared to PPC cement, with compressive strength differences at 7, 14, and 28 days being 1.31%, 12.47%, and 9.64%, respectively.

Jenis semen yang umum digunakan adalah PCC dan PPC. Penelitian terkait perbedaan kuat tekan beton yang menggunakan semen PCC dan PPC memiliki hasil yang bertolak belakang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk meninjau kembali dan mengetahui perbedaan kuat tekan beton yang menggunakan kedua jenis semen. Sampel penelitian adalah sebanyak 18 buah (9 menggunakan semen PCC dan 9 menggunakan semen PPC). Mix design beton menggunakan SNI 7656-2012. Pasir yang digunakan berasal dari sungai Wampu. Dari perhitungan mix design, diperoleh komposisi untuk campuran beton semen PCC adalah 1,574 kg semen; 4,054 kg pasir; 5,957 kg kerikil; dan 0,96 kg air. Sedangkan komposisi untuk campuran beton semen PPC adalah 1,574 kg semen; 4,014 kg pasir; 5,957 kg kerikil; dan 0,96 kg air. Hasil pengujian kuat tekan yang diperoleh untuk semen PCC pada umur 7 hari 7,26 MPa; 14 hari 15,75 MPa; 28 hari 23,58 MPa. Untuk beton semen PPC pada umur 7 hari 7,17 MPa; 14 hari 13,90 MPa; 28 hari 21,41 MPa. Disimpulkan bahwa beton yang menggunakan semen PCC memiliki kuat tekan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan semen PPC dengan selisih kuat tekan pada umur 7, 14, dan 28 hari berturut-turut adalah sebesar 1,31%; 12,47%; dan 9,64%.
Program Pembinaan Wali Murid di Tk Kristen Gilgal Terpadu terhadap Peningkatan Pemahaman Pengasuhan Anak
Authors: Emelia Emelia , Sriyati Sriyati 
Published: December 2024

Parents play an important role in raising children because the growth and development of children fundamentally depend on parental roles. Similarly, children require affection from parents during their growth and development. Various issues arise such as parents frequently scolding children harshly, parents often pinching children when they refuse to go to school or when they are fussy, scolding children in front of others, comparing children with their peers, and parents resorting to violence in raising children. The research method employed was qualitative, conducted among 4 families in Gilgal Integrated Christian Kindergarten. Data collection instruments included observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the research findings, it is concluded that implementing parenting seminars can enhance parents' understanding of child-rearing. AbstrakOrang tua memiliki peranan penting dalam mengasuh anak karena pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak pada dasarnya tidak terlepas dari peran orang tua. Begitu juga dengan anak yang memerlukan kasih sayang dari orang tua dimasa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Berbagai masalah yang terjadi adalah orang tua masih sering menegur anak dengan kata-kata kasar, orang tua sering mencubit anak ketika anak tidak mau ke sekolah, atau sedang rewel, memarahi anak di depan orang banyak, membanding-bandingkan anak dengan teman sebayanya, dan orang tua juga sering menggunakan kekerasan dalam mengasuh anak. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah kualitatif dan Penelitian dilakukan kepada 4 keluarga di TK kristen Gilgal Terpadu. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dikumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil temuan penelitian disimpulkan bahwa penerapan program pembinaan yaitu seminar parenting mampu meningkatkan pemahaman orang tua terhadap pengasuhan anak
Refleksi Kepemimpinan Raja Uzia dengan Visi, Relasi dan Karakter Kendali Diri
Authors: Prabowo Medi Yakub , Harmadi Mariani 
Published: December 2024

The Bible is the perfect guide for believers, including in matters of leadership. We can see how to become a successful leader in the story of King Uzziah. The story of Uzziah teaches us how important a good leader is. During his leadership, the kingdom of Judah that he led experienced much progress. Judah became a kingdom that had a respected military force with a large number of soldiers and advanced war equipment at that time, as well as abundant food security and real development. When a leader has a good vision, it will make the people he leads better, whatever organization or institution he leads will continue to develop and progress. When a leader has good character, he will maintain the achievements he has achieved or whatever he has built. Like wise in terms of relationships, good relationships with the right people will lead us to achieve the success we want. Uzziah's expertise in leading the kingdom of Judah can certainly be a role model for modern leadership where we are today. The method used in this writing is qualitative with a descriptive approach where data collection is carried out using literacy studies. The purpose of this writing is to provide an overview of the leadership potential of children who must be developed well so that they are useful for the people they lead. Alkitab merupakan penuntun sempurna bagi orang percaya, termasuk dalam hal kepemimpinan. Bagaimana menjadi pemimpin yang berhasil salah satunya bisa kita lihat didalam kisah Raja Uzia. Kisah Uzia mengajarkan kepada kita berapa pentingnya pemimpin yang baik. Selama masa kepemimpinannya ada banyak kemajuan yang dialami oleh kerajaan Yehuda yang dipimpinya. Yehuda menjadi kerajaan memiliki kekuatan militer yang disegani dengan jumlah terntara yang besar dan perlatan perang yang maju pada waktu itu, selain itu juga ketahanan pangan yang melimpah dan pembangunan yang nyata. Ketika pemimpin memiliki visi yang baik akan membawa orang yang dipimpinnya semakin baik, apapun organisasi atau lembaga yang dipimpinnya akan terus berkembang dan maju. Ketika pemimpin memiliki karakter yang baik maka itu akan mempertahankan pencapaian yang sudah diraihnya atau apapun yang sudah dibangun. Demikian juga dalam hal hubungan, hubungan yang baik dengan orang-orang yang benar akan membawa kepada kita mencapai keberhasilan yang kita inginkan. Kepiawaian Uzia dalam memimpin kerajaan Yehuda tentu saja bisa menjadi panutan bagi kepemimpinan modern dimana kita ada sekarang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah kulitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dimana pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi literasi. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk memberi gambaran tentang potensi anak kepemimpinan yang harus dikembangakan dengan baik supaya bermanfaat bagi umat yang dipimpinnya.