bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Students’ Learning Outcomes through the Implementation of Cooperative Learning Model of Course Review Horay (CRH) Type and Think Pair Share (TPS) Type on Buffer Topic in Grade XI Science at SMA Negeri 7 Palu
Authors: Nur Wardaturahmi M. , Said Irwan , Ijirana Ijirana 
Published: September 2020

This study aimed to obtain information about the differences in students’ learning outcomes through the implementation of a cooperative learning model of course review horay (CRH) type and think pair share (TPS) type on buffer topic in Grade XI Science at SMA Negeri 7 Palu. This study was pre-experimental with the static group pretest-posttest design. This study was conducted in two treatment classes those were class XI Science 2 as treatment 1 (n = 28) and class XI Science 1 as treatment 2 (n = 28). The research data were analyzed using t-test statistical two-party with prerequisites, normality, and homogeneity tests. The result of data analysis showed that the average learning outcomes of students in treatment class 1 (X̅1 value) is 78.82 with a standard deviation of 6.71, whereas for students in treatment class 2 (X̅2 value) is 74.25 with a standard deviation of 8.22. The result of the hypothesis test shows - ttable ≤ taccount + ttable which is -1.68 < 2.80 > +1.68 with a significant level (α) of 0.05 and degrees of freedom of 54. This means that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted so it can be concluded that there is a difference in students’ learning outcomes using the cooperative learning model think pair share (TPS) type and cooperative learning model course review horay (CRH) type on buffer topic.
On the Compatibility of Evolutionary Biology and Theism
Authors: Lemos John 
Published: September 2020

Human beings are the products of many thousands of years of biological evolution, and this process occurs in accordance with the principles of natural selection originally articulated and defended by Charles Darwin and developed and defended further in the modern synthesis of the 20th century. In this paper, I consider how it may be thought that this fact threatens the rationality of belief in the Christian God. These threats are countenanced with respect to issues of design, randomness, suffering, and the objectivity of ethics. I argue that while some versions of Christian belief, such as those grounded in a literalist reading of the Genesis creation story or those committed to the image of God thesis, may be threatened by a Darwinian worldview, there are nonetheless plausible versions of Christian belief that are immune to Darwinian challenges.
Metalinguistic Agnosticism, Religious Fictionalism and the Reasonable Believer
Authors: Hesse Jacob 
Published: September 2020

With the position, he labels as “new” or “metalinguistic agnosticism” Robin LePoidevin can avoid some problems with which fictionalists about religious language are confronted. Religious fictionalism is a position according to which all religious claims[1] are considered to be false when taken at face value. But because fictionalists about religious language think that certain religious worldviews have pragmatic benefits, they interpret several claims in such worldviews as true in fiction. This enables them to gain pragmatic benefits because they live as if a certain religious worldview were true. Nonetheless, they don’t believe that the respective worldview represents the non-fictional reality.[2][1] In the following I understand a “religious claim“ either as the claim that God exists or as a claim that presupposes the existence of God. Since also Le Poidevin focuses on theistic religions I want to keep this focus in my response. Nonetheless, it should be kept in mind that religious fictionalism is not restricted to theistic religions. I also think that metalinguistic agnosticism and the argumentation in this paper could in principle be extended to non-theistic religions.[2] A defense of religious fictionalism can be found in for example Andrew S. Eshleman, “Can an Atheist Believe in God?”, Religious Studies 41, no. 2 (2005) and Andrew S. Eshleman, “Religious Fictionalism Defended: Reply to Cordry”, Religious Studies 46, no. 1 (2010).
La construcción artística del espacio indígena y los paisajes itinerantes
Authors: Garrido Elisa 
Published: September 2020

Desde el punto de vista de los estudios del paisaje concebidos en sentido cultural, existe una laguna en lo referido al contexto pre colonial hispanoamericano. La literatura nos suele remitir a Alexander von Humboldt como el precursor y a la escuela del Río Hudson como mayor exponente. Sin embargo, un estudio crítico de los paisajes culturales previos a la producción de viajes y expediciones científicas podría dar como resultado una nueva aproximación al género del paisaje y a la cartografía del conocimiento de la naturaleza. Este texto propone una aproximación a esas representaciones previas en las que el paisaje no era paisaje.
“Harta de sombras estoy”. La Dama de Shalott de Alfred Tennyson como metáfora del ideal de feminidad victoriano y su reflejo en el imaginario pictórico decimonónico.
Authors: Soto Delgado Rocío 
Published: September 2020

En un clima de revivalismo medieval y recuperación de la tradición artúrica, Alfred Tennyson (1809-1892) escribe en 1833 el que se convertiría en uno de sus poemas más célebres, La Dama de Shalott. En él, recuperaría la figura de la Doncella de Astolat creada por Sir Thomas Malory en La muerte de Arturo (1485). Pronto se convertiría en una de las heroínas paradigmáticas del poeta y uno de los motivos iconográficos preferidos de artistas prerrafaelitas y victorianos del siglo XIX y principios del XX. Tanto el poema como las imágenes, se tomaron como ilustraciones de actitudes victorianas hacia la reclusión de las mujeres en el área doméstica y la privación de su sexualidad.
MODELING AND FORECASTING HUMIDITY IN BANGLADESH: BOX-JENKINS APPROACH
Authors: Chowdhury Mashfiqul Huq , Mondal Somaresh , Islam Jobaidul 
Published: September 2020

Humidity (atmospheric moisture) is an important atmospheric component and has significant influence on plant growth and development. The rate of growth and the form that a plant attains is controlled by humidity. The present study is an attempt to analyze the seasonal humidity’s of Bangladesh by employing appropriate statistical techniques. The main objective of this study is to examine humidity over time in Bangladesh and find a suitable model for forecasting. This study utilizes humidity data from Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD), recorded at 6 divisional meteorological stations for the period of 1976 to 2015. This study found that annual average humidity of Bangladesh is 78.88%. Initially data set is checked for whether it is stationary or not through Augmented Dickey Fuller test. Data was found non-stationary but it was transformed to stationary after taking first difference. Then seasonal ARIMA model was built using Box and Jenkins approach. After examining of all diagnostic procedures, ARIMA (2,0,1)(2,1,1)12 model has been identified as an appropriate model for forecasting 60 months (2016-2020) seasonal humidity.
DETERMINANTS OF AGRICULTURAL LOAN ACCESS FROM FORMAL SOURCES IN CROSS RIVER STATE CENTRAL AGRICULTURAL ZONE, NIGERIA
Authors: O. I. Ettah , B. O. Ebu 
Published: September 2020

Formal agricultural loan is an important tool in agricultural development and key to agricultural modernization. This is because this source of loans enables farmers to have access to production inputs as well as adopt modern farm technologies. For agricultural development to be achieved and sustained, agricultural loan is required especially in the rural areas where majority of the populace are engaged in agriculture. The study set out to analyse the determinants of agricultural loan access from formal sources in Cross River State central agricultural zone, Nigeria and proffer policy recommendations based on the findings. A three-stage random sampling technique was employed to get a total of 100 respondents with the use of a detailed structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression model were used to analyse the data. Result of the analysis showed that socio-economic characteristics of farmers such as: age, gender, occupational status, household size, educational level, farming experience, farm size, farm income, off- farm income, and labour use by respondents determined farmers access or otherwise to loan from formal sources and result of the logit regression model showed that age, education, farm size, collateral, farm income and cooperative membership all affected access of loan from formal sources positively, while farm experience do not determine access of loan from formal sources. The following recommendations were made: farmers in the area should be encouraged by government to enhance their educational level, more farmland should also be made available to increase their farm size and cooperative society’s membership should be encouraged by government.
ACTIVE POWER LOSS REDUCTION BY ASSORTED ALGORITHMS
Authors: Lenin K. 
Published: September 2020

This paper presents assorted algorithms for solving optimal reactive power problem. Symbiosis modeling (SM), which extends the dynamics of the canonical PSO algorithm by adding a significant ingredient that takes into account the symbiotic co evolution between species, Hybridization of Evolutionary algorithm with Conventional Algorithm (HCA) that uses the abilities of evolutionary and conventional algorithm and Genetical Swarm Optimization (GS), which combines Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).All the above said SM, HCA,GS algorithms are used to augment the convergence rate with good Exploration & Exploitation. All the three SM, HCA, GS is applied to Reactive Power optimization problem and has been evaluated in standard IEEE 30 System. The results shows that all the three algorithms perform well in solving the reactive power problem with rapid convergence rate .Of all the three algorithms SM has the slight edge in reducing the real power loss over HCA&GS.
Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Prestasi Peserta Didik
Authors: Damopolii Regita , Erwinsyah Alfian 
Published: September 2020

Gaya kepemimpinan merupakan norma perilaku yang di gunakan oleh seseorang pada saat orang tersebut mencoba mempengaruhi perilaku orang lain. Gaya kepemimpinan adalah suatu pola perilaku yang konsisten yang di tunjukkan oleh pemimpin dan di ketahui pihak lain. Ketika pemimpin berusaha mempengaruhi kegiatan-kegiatan orang lain. Gaya kepemimpinan juga merupakan pola tingkah laku seorang pemimpin dalam proses mengarahkan dan mempengaruhi guru dan siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah terhadap prestasi peserta didik di SMA N 1 Pinolosian. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA N 1 Pinolosian.
Hasil Penelitian membuktikan bahwa variabel X (gaya kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap variabel Y (prestasi peserta didik) di SMA N 1 Pinolosian, dengan perbandingan Thitung> Ttabel = 6.391 > 0.297 dan melalui analisis regresi sederhana pada tabel R Square, diketahui Pengaruh variabel X (gaya kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah) terhadap variabel Y (prestasi peserta didik) di SMA N 1 Pinolosian sebesar 49.3% yang berarti terdapat 50.7% prestasi peserta didik dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang lain.
Efektivitas Manajemen Boarding School Dalam Peningkatan disiplin Taruna Berbasis Semi Militer SMA Terpadu Wira Bhakti Gorontalo
Authors: Hidayatullah Rahmat , T. Pido Siti Asiah , Yasin Zohra 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana manajemen boarding school di SMA Terpadu Wira Bhakti Gorontalo, bagaimana peningkatan disiplin taruna berbasis semi militer di SMA Terpadu Wira Bhakti Gorontalo, bagaimana faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam peningkatan disiplin taruna di SMA Terpadu Wira Bhakti Gorontalo. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menerangkan bahwa (1) manajemen boarding school di SMA Terpadu Wira Bhakti Gorontalo terbagi kedalam empat tahapan yaitu: Perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan dan pengawasan/ evaluasi. (2) Kedisiplinan siswa di SMA Terpadu Wira Bhakti Gorontalo sudah cukup baik namun masih tetap perlu diadakan upaya peningkatan karena berbagai pelanggaran tata tertib siswa masih ada walaupun hanya merupakan pelanggaran kecil. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kedisiplinan siswa di SMA Terpadu Wira Bhakti Gorontalo adalah upaya yang bersifat preventif dan kuratif. (3) Faktor pendukung dalam peningkatan disiplin yaitu dengan adanya ketegasan dan keteladanan sikap guru dalam menjalankan tata tertib sekolah dan peran serta guru BK sangat membantu siswa untuk mengembangkan pola perilaku yang baik dalam dirinya. sedangkan faktor penghambat dalam peningkatan disiplin yaitu adaptasi dari para siswa dalam menyesuaikan diri dengan lingkungan sekolah berasrama, sehingga terus menerus diadakan pembinaan terhadap para siswa.
Evolution and egalitarianism: A behavioral account of managers' performance pay decisions
Authors: Marvel John D. 
Published: September 2020

I advance a behavioral account of managers’ performance pay decisions that is grounded in evolutionary psychology. In doing so, I seek to explain a common organizational phenomenon — compression in employees’ merit pay bonuses. My behavioral account puts forward two propositions. First, that compression in awards is a consequence of a fundamental human proclivity for egalitarianism. Second, that individual managers will differ in their preferences for egalitarianism: In any given organizational context, some managers will tend to be more egalitarian than other managers. Consistent with these propositions, I observe two clear patterns in how federal managers distribute performance pay awards to the group members they supervise. The first is a marked tendency for managers to give all group members awards of the same or similar size. The second is a considerable amount of between-manager variation in this tendency that cannot be explained by relevant group-level variables, such as group size and occupational diversity. To the extent feasible given my data, I probe whether my behavioral account does a better job explaining these patterns than plausible alternative explanations that are based in economics. One key implication of my theory and findings is that organizations cannot count on managers to aggressively differentiate between individual employees when they distribute performance pay awards. A second key implication is that organizations cannot rely on their managers to uniformly implement a given performance pay plan.
Clival canal Angle and Basal Angle in Nepalese Population- A Computed Tomography Based Study
Authors: Rajbanshi Jagat Narayan , Chaudhary Archana , Nepal Pankaj Raj , Thapa Dinesh Kumar , Yadav Navin Kumar 
Published: September 2020

Background: Clival canal angle is an angle formed by the clivus and the posterior longitudinal ligament of the cervical spine and Welcher basal angle formed between the line joining the nasion to tuberculumSella and the line joining the tuberculum sellae to basion along the plane of clivus. With the aim to review the normal distribution of clival canal angle and basal angle in the Nepalese population this study was performed.
Methods and materials: This is a cross-sectional analytical study with non- probability consecutive sampling technique done over the duration of 3 months. A reconstructed image of a bone window in the midsagittal plane was selected and measurement of the angles was done in CT console.
Results: There was a total of 60 patients in this study with male predominance (figure 3). The mean age of the population was 49.8 (SD 18.8) years. The clival canal angle reference range was 130.8 to 168.8 degrees with a mean 149.8(SD 9.5) degree. Similarly, the reference range of Welcher basal angle in the study population was 115.49 to 140.29 degree with a mean of 127.89(SD: 6.4) degrees.
Conclusion: The mean clival canal angle in the Nepalese population is 149.8 (SD: 9.5) degrees and the mean basal angle is 127.89(SD: 6.4) degree.
Reprodukcja klas posiadających a przekształcenia rynku
Authors: Trembaczowski Łukasz 
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of succession in family business in the perspective of class positions’ reproduction. The analysis of succession is carried out with reference to Pierre Bourdieu’s theory, particularly in relation to reconstruction entrepreneurs’ class position withingradationally-relational model of social structure, description of economic field transformation and role played by entrepreneurs in that process, analysis of modal trajectories of entering the economic field and to strategies and forms of capitals reconversion. Transfer of capitals was entangled within model of transmission of knowledge, power and ownership in family enterprises. Succession next to starting own enterprise must be seen as one of dominant strategies for social position reproduction within a possessing class fraction. Those two ideal-type strategies can be mixed in practice of position reproduction and lead to hybridized forms of family business and new enterprise. Class position reproduction however, can lead also outside possessing class fraction to those richer in cultural rather than economic capital. Analysis of succession cannot therefore be limited to family business only but must be considered with reference to wider context of reproduction of social structure.
Wyzwania definicyjne start-upów
Authors: Andrejczuk Magdalena 
Published: September 2020

In recent years, with the development of entrepreneurship, a new concept has been coined — a start-up (or a startup). Because of the lack one common definition thereof, some questions emerge: Is any newly established company a start-up, or does this term refer only to companies fromthe branch/market sector of new technologies, or maybe there are other decisive requirements? The significance of this issue follows research and analysis of the entities are undertaken and also in the face of work on Prosta Spółka Akcyjna (a new legalform for economic entities of the discussed kind). The aim of the article is to present various ways of defining start-ups present in the subject literature, but also in various initiatives and activities organized in the start-up community. On this basis, an attempt is made to determine the boundary conditions of the concept of start-up and to characterize it
THE ROLE OF INSTRUMENTAL MOTIVATION AMONG EFL STUDENTS IN LANGUAGE LEARNING PROCESS
Authors: Aspuri Nanda , Samad Iskandar Abdul , Fitriani Siti Sarah , Abdul Samad Nanda Marlina 
Published: September 2020

The aim of this study was to find out the role of instrumental motivation in the English learning process of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students. Motivation can be described as a process to influence someone or many people to do the desired work, in accordance with certain goals set in advance. For EFL student, motivation was required to achieve success in the process of learning English. Based on the previous study, kind of motivation, called Instrumental motivation, has an important role in English learning process. The participants of the study were 10 EFL students; 5 students were from post-graduate program of English Department of Syiah Kuala University and 5 students were from undergraduate program of English Department of UIN Ar-Raniry. This qualitative study applied interview to gather data. The result of the study revealed that the participants have a strong instrumental motivation involved in their English learning process. Considering the results of this study, everyone, whether parents and teachers need to motivate their children and their EFL students by motivating them instrumentally in the process of learning and teaching English.
USE OF HAND GESTURES THROUGH DIGITAL VIDEO TO IMPROVE PHONEMIC AWARENESS AMONG YEAR 2 PUPILS
Authors: Yee Bee Choo , Abd. Samad Nursasniza Adilah 
Published: September 2020

Pupils need phonemic awareness so that they have the ability to manipulate the individual sounds in words. However, they sometimes focused more on reading comprehension rather than recognizing the letter sounds which build the words for reading. This action research was designed to improve the pupils’ phonemic awareness by using hand gestures through digital video and it involved three cycles. The participants involved were 24 Year 2 pupils from one of the primary schools in Malaysia. Three different data collection methods used were tests, pupils’ work and observation. The findings showed there was an improvement of mean scores from 40% in Test 1 to 91% in Test 2. The pupils’ oral exercises also improved from 52.14% to 96.07%. The results from the observation checklist and notes also showed they became more aware in learning English through their increased communication and active participation in the lesson. This shows that the technique was able to help pupils to learn and remember the sounds of phonemes as they could read the words correctly. It is suggested to carry out further research to develop the pupils’ skills in phonemic awareness through body movements in addition to hand gestures.
Peningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Inggris Melalui Running Dictation Pada Peserta didik Kelas VIII SMP Negeri Mautenda
Authors: Wangge Yuliani Sepe , Timu Wilhelmina Donata 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Negeri Mautenda. Permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah rendahnya aktivitas dan hasil belajar bahasa Inggris. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar bahasa Inggris melalui running dictation pada siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri Mautenda Kecamatan Wewaria, Kabupaten Ende. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitian dilakukan selama dua siklus. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri Mautenda yang berjumlah 20 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, tes dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas belajar melalui running dictation mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I dengan rata-rata sebesar 58% meningkat menjadi 77,14% pada siklus II. Meningkatnya aktivitas belajar berpengaruh pada meningkatnya hasil belajar. Pada siklus I rata-rata hasil belajar sebesar 64 meningkat menjadi 78 pada siklus II. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan running dictation dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar bahasa Inggris.
Kata Kunci: Aktivitas Belajar; Hasil Belajar; Running Dictation
Krill: The invention of a global resource in the long 1970s
Authors: Kehrt Christian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Krill, a little shrimp best known as a food source for whales and seals, occupies a central role in the food chain of the oceans. In the 1970s it gained increased attention as a potential food source for humans as well. With its supposedly inexhaustible amounts of biomass, Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) seemed to be a feasible alternative to fish, whose populations were suffering from overharvesting, and promised to provide enough protein for a growing world population at a time when the limits to growth were an issue of great political concern. Krill is a key object that brings together different actors from science, politics, and industry in a global struggle for living resources. There were many scientific and especially technical questions to be solved concerning the harvesting and processing of krill that will be addressed in this paper. I will argue that there were biological as well as cultural limits to these far-reaching technocratic visions that were not fully taken into account by fisheries experts in the 1970s.