bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lithium treatment reverses irradiation-induced changes in rodent neural progenitors and rescues cognition
Authors: Zanni Giulia , Goto Shinobu , Fragopoulou Adamantia F. , Gaudenzi Giulia , Naidoo Vinogran , Di Martino Elena , Levy Gabriel , Dominguez Cecilia A. , Dethlefsen Olga , Cedazo-Minguez Angel , Merino-Serrais Paula , Stamatakis Antonios , Hermanson Ola , Blomgren Klas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCranial radiotherapy in children has detrimental effects on cognition, mood, and social competence in young cancer survivors. Treatments harnessing hippocampal neurogenesis are currently of great relevance in this context. Lithium, a well-known mood stabilizer, has both neuroprotective, pro-neurogenic as well as antitumor effects, and in the current study we introduced lithium treatment 4 weeks after irradiation. Female mice received a single 4 Gy whole-brain radiation dose on postnatal day (PND) 21 and were randomized to 0.24% Li2CO3 chow or normal chow from PND 49 to 77. Hippocampal neurogenesis was assessed on PND 77, 91, and 105. We found that lithium treatment had a pro-proliferative effect on neural progenitors, but neuronal integration occurred only after it was discontinued. Also, the treatment ameliorated deficits in spatial learning and memory retention observed in irradiated mice. Gene expression profiling and DNA methylation analysis identified two novel factors related to the observed effects, Tppp, associated with microtubule stabilization, and GAD2/65, associated with neuronal signaling. Our results show that lithium treatment reverses irradiation-induced loss of hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive impairment even when introduced long after the injury. We propose that lithium treatment should be intermittent in order to first make neural progenitors proliferate and then, upon discontinuation, allow them to differentiate. Our findings suggest that pharmacological treatment of cognitive so-called late effects in childhood cancer survivors is possible.
Whole-cortex mapping of common genetic influences on depression and a social deficits dimension
Authors: Hatoum Alexander S. , Reineberg Andrew E. , Smolker Harry R. , Hewitt John K. , Friedman Naomi P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSocial processes are associated with depression, particularly understanding and responding to others, deficits in which can manifest as callousness/unemotionality (CU). Thus, CU may reflect some of the genetic risk to depression. Further, this vulnerability likely reflects the neurological substrates of depression, presenting biomarkers to capture genetic vulnerability of depression severity. However, heritability varies within brain regions, so a high-resolution genetic perspective is needed. We developed a toolbox that maps genetic and environmental associations between brain and behavior at high resolution. We used this toolbox to estimate brain areas that are genetically associated with both depressive symptoms and CU in a sample of 258 same-sex twin pairs from the Colorado Longitudinal Twin Study (LTS). We then overlapped the two maps to generate coordinates that allow for tests of downstream effects of genes influencing our clusters. Genetic variance influencing cortical thickness in the right dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLFPC) sulci and gyri, ventral posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), pre-somatic motor cortex (PreSMA), medial precuneus, left occipital-temporal junction (OTJ), parietal–temporal junction (PTJ), ventral somatosensory cortex (vSMA), and medial and lateral precuneus were genetically associated with both depression and CU. Split-half replication found support for both DLPFC clusters. Meta-analytic term search identified “theory of mind”, “inhibit”, and “pain” as likely functions. Gene and transcript mapping/enrichment analyses implicated calcium channels. CU reflects genetic vulnerability to depression that likely involves executive and social functioning in a distributed process across the cortex. This approach works to unify neuroimaging, neuroinformatics, and genetics to discover pathways to psychiatric vulnerability.
Lnc-THOR silencing inhibits human glioma cell survival by activating MAGEA6-AMPK signaling
Authors: Xue Jun , Zhong Shan , Sun Bo-min , Sun Qing-Fang , Hu Liang-Yun , Pan Si-Jian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLong non-coding RNA THOR (Lnc-THOR) binds to IGF2BP1, essential for its function. We here show that Lnc-THOR is expressed in human glioma tissues and cells. Its expression is extremely low or even undetected in normal brain tissues, as well as in human neuronal cells and astrocytes. We show that Lnc-THOR directly binds to IGF2BP1 in established and primary human glioma cells. shRNA-mediated Lnc-THOR knockdown or CRISPR/Cas9-induced Lnc-THOR knockout potently inhibited cell survival and proliferation, while provoking glioma cell apoptosis. Contrarily, forced overexpression of Lnc-THOR promoted glioma cell growth and migration. Importantly, Lnc-THOR shRNA or knockout activated MAGEA6-AMPK signaling in glioma cells. AMPK inactivation, by AMPKα1 shRNA, knockout, or dominant-negative mutation (T172A), attenuated Lnc-THOR shRNA-induced A172 glioma cell apoptosis. Moreover, CRISPR/Cas9-induced IGF2BP1 knockout activated MAGEA6-AMPK signaling as well, causing A172 glioma cell apoptosis. Significantly, Lnc-THOR shRNA was ineffective in IGF2BP1 KO A172 cells. In vivo, Lnc-THOR silencing or knockout potently inhibited subcutaneous A172 xenograft tumor growth in mice. MAGEA6 downregulation and AMPK activation were detected in Lnc-THOR-silenced/-KO A172 tumor tissues. Taken together, Lnc-THOR depletion inhibits human glioma cell survival possibly by activating MAGEA6-AMPK signaling.
Impact of clinical pharmacist’s interventions on pharmacotherapy management in elderly patients on polypharmacy with mental health problems including quality of life: A prospective non-randomized study
Authors: Stuhec Matej , Bratović Nika , Mrhar Aleš 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMental health problems (MHPs) are very common in the elderly and can have an important influence on their quality of life (QoL). There is almost no data on the impact of clinical pharmacists’ (CPs) interventions on the QoL including elderly patients and MHPs. The main aim of this study was to determinate the impact of (CP’s) interventions on the QoL and quality of pharmacotherapy. A prospective non-randomized pre-post study was designed which included residents of a nursing home aged 65 age or more with at least one MHP. Each patient also filled out the EQ-5D questionnaire. The medical review MR included drug-related problems (DRPs) and potentially drug-drug interactions (pDDIs), as well as potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs). After 2 months, the participants were interviewed again. The mean number of medications before the intervention was 12,2 ± 3,1 per patient and decreased to 10,3 ± 3,0 medications per patient (p < 0,05) (n = 24). The total number of PIMs and pDDIs was also reduced and QoL was also significantly higher (p < 0,05). A collaborative care approach with a CP led to a decrease of DRPs, pDDIs, PIMs, the total number of medications and to an improvement in the patients’ QoL.
Assessment of climate impact on vegetation dynamics over East Africa from 1982 to 2015
Authors: Kalisa Wilson , Igbawua Tertsea , Henchiri Malak , Ali Shahzad , Zhang Sha , Bai Yun , Zhang Jiahua 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLocated across the equator, the East Africa region is among regions of Africa which have previously known the severe vegetation degradation. Some known reasons are associated with the climate change events and unprofessional agricultural practices. For this purpose, the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) version 3 NDVI (NDVI3g) and Climate Research Unit (CRU) datasets for precipitation and temperature were used to assess the impact of climate factors on vegetation dynamics over East Africa from 1982 to 2015. Pearson correlation of NDVI and climate factors were also explored to investigate the short (October - December) rainy seasons. The phenological metrics of the region was also extracted to understand the seasonal cycle of vegetation. The results show that a positive linear trend of 14.50 × 10−4 for mean annual NDVI before 1998, where as a negative linear trend of −9.64 × 10−4 was found after 1998. The Break Point (BP) was obtained in 1998, which suggests to nonlinear responses of NDVI to climate and non-climate drivers. ENSO-vegetation in El-nino years showed a weak teleconnection between ENSO and vegetation growth changes of croplands. Also, the analyzed correlations on NDVI data resulted to the higher correlation between NDVI and precipitation than that with temperature. The Hurst exponent result showed that about, 18.63% pixels exhibited a behavior, typical of random walk (H = 0.5) suggesting that NDVI growth changes may eventually persist, overturn or fluctuate randomly in the future depending on the drivers. Vegetation trends with sustainable (unsustainable) trends were 36.8% (44.6%). Strikingly, about 20% of the total vegetated area showed unsustainable trend from degradation to amelioration. More so, results reveal that the vegetation of the croplands (non-croplands) over East Africa changed insignificantly by 6.9 × 10−5/yr (5.16 × 10−4/yr), suggesting that non-croplands are fast getting reduced Nonetheless, the NDVI growth responses to monthly and seasonal changes in climate were adjudged to be complex and dynamic. Seasonally, the short rainy season showed the higher variability in NDVI than the long rainy season. Also, the DJF, MAM and SON seasons are strongly driven by precipitation variation effect of ENSO versus NDVI series.
Dendritic spine morphology and memory formation depend on postsynaptic Caskin proteins
Authors: Bencsik Norbert , Pusztai Szilvia , Borbély Sándor , Fekete Anna , Dülk Metta , Kis Viktor , Pesti Szabolcs , Vas Virág , Szűcs Attila , Buday László , Schlett Katalin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCASK-interactive proteins, Caskin1 and Caskin2, are multidomain neuronal scaffold proteins. Recent data from Caskin1 knockout animals indicated only a mild role of Caskin1 in anxiety and pain perception. In this work, we show that deletion of both Caskins leads to severe deficits in novelty recognition and spatial memory. Ultrastructural analyses revealed a reduction in synaptic profiles and dendritic spine areas of CA1 hippocampal pyramidal neurons of double knockout mice. Loss of Caskin proteins impaired LTP induction in hippocampal slices, while miniature EPSCs in dissociated hippocampal cultures appeared to be unaffected. In cultured Caskin knockout hippocampal neurons, overexpressed Caskin1 was enriched in dendritic spine heads and increased the amount of mushroom-shaped dendritic spines. Chemically induced LTP (cLTP) mediated enlargement of spine heads was augmented in the knockout mice and was not influenced by Caskin1. Immunocytochemistry and immunoprecipitation confirmed that Shank2, a master scaffold of the postsynaptic density, and Caskin1 co-localized within the same complex. Phosphorylation of AMPA receptors was specifically altered by Caskin deficiency and was not elevated by cLTP treatment further. Taken together, our results prove a previously unnoticed postsynaptic role of Caskin scaffold proteins and indicate that Caskins influence learning abilities via regulating spine morphology and AMPA receptor localisation.
New carbon/ZnO/Li2O nanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic activity
Authors: Diacon Aurel , Mocanu Alexandra , Răducanu Cristian Eugen , Busuioc Cristina , Șomoghi Raluca , Trică Bogdan , Dinescu Adrian , Rusen Edina 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOur study was focused on the synthesis of photocatalytic materials for the degradation of organic dyes based on the valorization of biomass resources. The biochar resulted from pyrolysis process of cherry pits wastes was activated by CO2 flow. Activated and inactivated carbon was used to obtain carbon-based photocatalysts impregnated with different zinc salt precursors. The activation of carbon had no significant influence on the photodegradation process. The doping procedure used Li2CO3 and Zn(CH3COO)2 of different concentrations to impregnate the biochar. The carbon-ZnO-Li2O based nanomaterials were analysed by TEM and SEM, while the presence of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO was investigated by XRD. The solid samples were analysed by PL at 360 nm excitation fixed wavelength to correlate their morphology with the optical and photocatalytic properties. The presence of Li atoms led to photocatalytic activities of the doped ZnO similar to the undoped ZnO obtained at higher concentrations of zinc acetate precursor.
Large energy storage density performance of epitaxial BCT/BZT heterostructures via interface engineering
Authors: Sharma Amrit P. , Pradhan Dhiren K. , Pradhan Sangram K. , Bahoura Messaoud 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe grew lead-free BaZr0.2Ti0.8O3 (BZT)/Ba0.7Ca0.3TiO3 (BCT) epitaxial heterostructures and studied their structural, dielectric, ferroelectric and energy density characteristics. The BZT/BCT epitaxial heterostructures were grown on SrRuO3 (SRO) buffered SrTiO3 (STO) single crystal substrate by optimized pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. These high-quality nanostructures exhibit high dielectric permittivity (∼1300), slim electric field-dependent polarization (P-E) curve with high saturation polarization (∼100 µC/cm2) and low remnant polarization (∼20 µC/cm2) through interface engineering to develop new lead-free ferroelectric system for energy storage devices. We observe an ultrahigh discharge and charge energy densities of 42.10 and 97.13 J/cm3, respectively, with high efficiency, which might be highly promising for both high power and energy storage electrical devices.
Serum N-glycan profiling is a potential biomarker for castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Matsumoto Teppei , Hatakeyama Shingo , Yoneyama Tohru , Tobisawa Yuki , Ishibashi Yusuke , Yamamoto Hayato , Yoneyama Takahiro , Hashimoto Yasuhiro , Ito Hiroyuki , Nishimura Shin-Ichiro , Ohyama Chikara 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe investigated the diagnostic and prognostic potential of serum N-glycan profiling for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We retrospectively investigated serum N-glycan structural analysis by glycoblotting for 287 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 289 patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PC), 57 patients with PC treated with androgen-deprivation therapy without disease progression (PC-ADT), and 60 patients with CRPC. N-Glycan profiling was compared between the non-CRPC (BPH, newly diagnosed PC and PC-ADT) and CRPC patients. We obtained the quantitative score for CRPC (CRPC N-glycan score) by discriminant analysis based on the combination of 9 N-glycans that were significantly associated with CRPC. The median CRPC N-glycan score was found to be significantly greater in CRPC patients than in non-CRPC patients. The CRPC N-glycan score could classify CRPC patients with sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve of 87%, 69%, and 0.88, respectively. The CRPC N-glycan score >1.7 points was significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with CRPC. The glycoprotein analysis showed that not immunoglobulins but α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) were a potential candidate for the carrier protein of N-glycans. The overexpression of specific N-glycans may be associated with their castration-resistant status and be a potential biomarker for CRPC.
The RNA degradation pathway is involved in PPARα-modulated anti-oral tumorigenesis
Authors: Chang Nai-Wen , Huang Yi-Ping 
Published: November 2019

Background: The activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) has been shown to reprogram tumor metabolism and exhibits great potential for treating anti-oral tumorigenesis.
Methods: In this study, we used a pathway-based strategy to explore possible functional pathways involved in the anticancer activity of PPARα in oral cancer cells through next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatic approaches.
Results: We found that 3919 genes were upregulated and 1060 genes were downregulated through PPARα activation. These genes were mainly involved in the proteasomal, mRNA surveillance, spliceosomal, RNA transport, and RNA degradation pathways, as indicated by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Importantly, a total of 13 upregulated genes in the RNA degradation pathway were identified including 3 core exosome factor genes (RRP43, RRP42, and CSL4), 2 TRAMP complex genes (TRF4 and Mtr4), 2 exosome cofactor genes (RRP6 and MPP6), 2 CCR4-NOT complex genes (CNOT2 and CNOT3), 2 Ski complex genes (SKI2 and Ski3), 1 decapping complex gene (EDC4), and 1 gene involved in 5’ exoribonuclease activity (XRN1).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the activation of PPARα to upregulate the RNA degradation pathway might provide a new strategy for oral cancer treatment.
Die Dermatologie in der BG Klinik Falkenstein
Authors: Gina M. 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungDas stationäre Heilverfahren im Rahmen der tertiären Individualprävention wurde für schwere, therapieresistente Berufsdermatosen entwickelt, wenn das ambulante Management nicht ausreichend ist. Das Heilverfahren ist mittlerweile gut etabliert und wird in 5 Kliniken deutschlandweit angeboten. Die BG Klinik Falkenstein liegt im Herzen des Vogtlandes umgegeben von einem Naturschutzgebiet. Hier können durch Schulungen, multidisziplinäre Diagnostik und Behandlung sowie Optimierung der Präventionsmaßnahmen eine Steigerung der Motivation und bei ca. ⅔ der Betroffenen ein weiterer Berufsverbleib ermöglicht werden.
Die Palliativbehandlung in der Klassischen Homöopathie
Authors: Milleder Beatrice , Jürgens Ellen 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Autorinnen zeigen auf, was Palliation in der klassischen Homöopathie bedeutet. Beispielhaft wird beschrieben, wie Leiden bei nicht heilbaren, aber nicht akut lebensbedrohlichen Grundzuständen mit homöopathischen Einzelmitteln gelindert werden können. Außerdem erfolgt eine Schilderung von homöopathischen Palliativa in der terminalen Phase und bei der Begleitung allopathischer Behandlungen.
Laserakupunktur bei Equinem Cushing-Syndrom
Authors: Petermann Uwe 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungLaserakupunktur wird als eine sehr wirkungsvolle Therapie bei Equinem Cushing-Syndrom (ECS, PPID) beschrieben. Der Anwendungsbereich der Laserakupunktur reicht von der lokalen entzündungshemmenden Wirkung der Lasertherapie auf die Hypophyse bis zur allgemein regulierenden Wirkung der Akupunktur.Die Vorgehensweise in der Laserakupunktur, der Verlauf der Erkrankung während der Therapie und die hervorragende Wirkung wird anhand von 3 Fallbeispielen beschrieben.
Osteoporose und Frakturrisiko bei Epilepsie und antiepileptischer Therapie
Authors: Baumann Sandra , Meier Christian 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten Jahren zeigte sich, dass Epilepsie und ihre Behandlung einen negativen Einfluss auf die Knochenmineralisation und den Kalzium-Metabolismus haben. Mehrere Studien fanden eine signifikante Reduktion der Knochendichte (BMD) und ein ansteigendes Frakturrisiko bei Patienten, welche mit enzyminduzierenden Antiepileptika (Phenobarbital, Carbamazepin, Phenytoin) behandelt werden. Es wird angenommen, dass CYP-450-induzierende Antiepileptika diejenigen Enzyme hochregulieren, welche für den Vitamin-D-Stoffwechsel verantwortlich sind und dadurch 25-OH Vitamin D vermehrt in inaktive Metabolite abgebaut wird. Dies führt zu einer verminderten Kalziumresorption und konsekutiv zu einem sekundären Hyperparathyreoidismus. Auch für die neueren Antiepileptika (Oxcarbazepin, Gabapentin und Levetiracetam) weisen neuere Daten auf einen Effekt auf den Knochenstoffwechsel hin. Eine prophylaktische Gabe von ausreichend Kalzium und Vitamin D ist für alle Patienten unter antiepileptischer Therapie (AED) empfohlen. Für Patienten mit Langzeit-Einnahme von AEDs sind Knochendichtemessungen als Osteoporose-Basis-Abklärung angezeigt, insbesondere für diejenigen, welche mit enzyminduzierenden AEDs behandelt werden und/oder andere relevante Frakturrisikofaktoren aufweisen. Einige neuere Studien konnten zeigen, dass bei Patienten, die mit AEDs behandelt werden, eine Bisphosphonat-Therapie zusätzlich zu Kalzium und Vitamin D die Knochendichte verbessern und Frakturen verhindern könnte. Deren genereller Einsatz ist jedoch noch nicht empfohlen und für diejenigen Patienten reserviert, welche ein hohes Fraktur-Risiko aufweisen.
Osteoporose und Frakturen bei Multipler Sklerose – unterschätzt und ignoriert?
Authors: Zimmermann Olga , Stürner Klarissa Hanja 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungMultiple Sklerose (MS) ist eine chronisch entzündliche Autoimmunerkrankung des zentralen Nervensystems mit hoher Prävalenz. Mehrere Studien zeigen die deutlich erhöhte Häufigkeit sowohl von Frakturen als auch einer Osteoporose bei MS-Erkrankten: So besteht ein in mehreren Studien gezeigtes knapp 3-fach erhöhtes Hüftfrakturrisiko bei MS-Patienten, die Prävalenz von Osteopenie und Osteoporoserate ist bis zu 10-fach gegenüber der Normalbevölkerung erhöht. Der deutlichste Zusammenhang besteht zwischen dem Osteoporoserisiko und -ausmaß und dem Grad der Immobilität, aber auch die entzündliche Krankheitspathologie sowie Lebensstilfaktoren wie Vitamin D, Rauchen, sowie hormonelle Dysregulationen, Begleiterkrankungen und Medikamente tragen grundsätzlich und kumulativ zum erhöhten Osteoporose- und Frakturrisiko bei. Das deutlich erhöhte Osteoporose und Frakturrisiko wird im klinischen Alltag von MS-Patienten nur selten thematisiert, obwohl schon früh eine negative Beeinträchtigung des Knochenstoffwechsels vorliegt. Frakturrisiko und Osteoporose sind daher eine bisher unterschätzte Problematik bei MS-Erkrankten, die in einem präventiven Ansatz früh von den Behandlern thematisiert werden sollte. Ausgleich einer Vitamin D-Defizienz und vor allem ein Erhalt der Mobilität sind die am besten durch Daten belegten präventiven Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung einer fortschreitenden Osteoporose und zur Reduktion des Frakturrisikos.
Self-Reported Depressive Symptoms Might be Associated with Sudomotor Dysfunction in Chinese T2DM Patients
Authors: Ji Lijin , Zhang Yuanpin , Zhang Qi , Zheng Hangping , Sun Wanwan , Zhu Xiaoming , Zhang Shuo , Lu Bin , Su Liang , Shi Hongli , Li Yiming , Liu Xiaoxia 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAims To determine the relationships of sudomotor functions, nerve conductions and self-reported depressive symptoms in Chinese type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients.Methods T2DM patients in a single community health center were included in this study. Demographic, medical and laboratory data were collected. Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) examination was conducted in all patients. SUDOSCAN test and Point-of-care Nerve Conduction Device (DPN-check) were conducted and all the patients finished the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).Results A total of 162 T2DM patients (74 males and 88 females) were included. The mean age was 69.0±7.2 years and the mean course of diabetes was 10.5±8.0 years with a mean HbA1c level of 7.3±1.4%. Thirty of them (18.5%) had self-reported depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 scores≥5). Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) was diagnosed according to the MSNI examination in 74 patients. Electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) values of both hands and feet were significantly lower in patients with depressive symptoms (Hands ESC: 60.63±18.92 vs. 67.64±16.02 μS, p<0.05; Feet ESC: 59.60 ± 15.19 vs. 66.19±14.99 μS, p<0.05). The proportion of patients with moderate to severe depressive symptoms were significantly higher in those with ESC values<60 μS (13.33% vs. 3.846%, p<0.05). Hands ESC values were negatively related to PHQ-9 scores (r =− 0.168, p<0.05). After adjusting for variables, hands and feet ESC values remained negatively related with depressive symptoms (β =− 0.036 and−0.038, p<0.05). Female were positively related to depressive symptoms with odds ratio 3.4 (95%CI 1.1–10.5, p<0.05).Conclusion Self-reported depressive symptoms might be associated with sudomotor dysfunction in Chinese T2DM patients.