bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Youth, Gender, and the Soviet Hero(ine)
Authors: Titus Joan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Chapter 4 (“Youth, Gender, and the Soviet Hero(ine)”) provides an examination of Shostakovich’s scores to three wartime films: Zoya (dir. Leo Arnshtam, 1944), Simple People (Prostïye lyudi, dir. Grigory Kozintsev and Leonid Trauberg, 1945; rel. 1956), and Young Guard (Molodaya gvardiya, Parts 1 and 2, dir. Sergey Gerasimov, 1947–1948). This chapter provides discussions of how each individual film and its score represented wartime heroism and nationalist constructions of gender and race/ethnicity, with particular attention to representations of Soviet womanhood and orientalized Others. It details how Shostakovich and his directorial partners approached musical borrowing, tropes, and the integration of song and underscoring as part of this representation.
Rednecks, Hillbillies, and Hicks
Authors: Daley Michael R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The names redneck, hillbilly, hick, and other related terms are often applied by society to refer to rural people. They have been used for so long and are so commonly applied that many think little about them. But using the terms is demeaning to rural people and stereotypes them. This chapter explores the characteristics associated with the terms and the effects of their use, which include overlooking and discounting the needs of rural communities and their people. The intersectionality of diversity and rural culture and the added effects of these factors in oppression, poverty, and discrimination are discussed. Many social workers assist people with rural culture as they relocate to cities. A need to address the rural name-calling and stereotyping as a priority for social workers is considered.
Going the Extra Mile
Authors: Daley Michael R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
For many years, authors who have written about the nature of practice with rural communities and people have clearly said that the most appropriate model for this professional work is generalist practice. The reasons for this include the low number of social workers in rural communities, the wide range of problems with which they must deal, and the shortage of social welfare services. Although indicating that advanced and specialized social work services are needed in small communities, scant mention of the models that social workers may employ to deliver them is made, other than some references to advanced generalist practice. This chapter presents a model for advanced generalist practice with rural people that builds on the foundation of generalist practice and incorporates the use of specialized or advanced knowledge and skills. It argues that both generalist and advanced generalist social work draw from the same model and that advanced generalist practice differs primarily in the assessments and interventions that are employed. The value of advanced generalist social work for rural people is discussed.
Affirmative Practice With Older Adults in Rural Settings
Authors: Morrow Deana F. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on affirmative practice with older adults in rural settings. Topics include a discussion of challenges common to rural older adults, including kinship care, social isolation and loneliness, dementia, chronic disease, and functional impairment. Care options, including informal care, day services, assisted living, and nursing home care, are also discussed. Special attention is given to the value of aging in place and the village movement model in support of older adults aging in their home settings for as long as possible. The chapter also addresses the importance of affirmative, ethical practice in working with rural older adults, and it concludes with specific guidelines for conveying respect when providing services.
“Listening to the Voice of the Community” “Escuchando la Voz de la Comunidad”
Authors: Oliphant Emmerentie , Wyatt Lenola , Avant Freddie L. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Community empowerment and revitalization start with a dream of changing a community. Rural communities have the strengths, assets, resources, resilience, and social capital to bring about sustainable change. Challenges such as limited access to services, unemployment, economic hardships, inaccessible public transportation, and community safety issues can impact any change efforts. Although the challenges are multiple, the strengths of interpersonal connections and partnerships can help residents focus on their dreams to build a strong community. This chapter discusses how an appreciative inquiry approach was used to develop and implement a community empowerment and revitalization project in a rural East Texas community. The principles of inclusion, transparency, mutual respect, and trust guided the appreciative inquiry. By including people who are most affected by the change, ownership and community-driven decision-making within the project can be enhanced. Community residents and leaders are the experts of their own situation. Through an appreciative inquiry, they were invited to share their lived experiences. When residents share their lived experiences, they are able to connect with each other as they explore and discover their strengths and needs.
The Extraordinary Journey of David Ingram
Authors: Snow Dean 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
David Ingram was an ordinary seaman of the Elizabethan age. He served on a slave ship captained by John Hawkins, the queen’s slaver. After sailing first to Africa and then taking enslaved people to sell in the Caribbean, the little fleet was nearly destroyed in a furious battle with the Spanish. Ingram and two other marooned men then walked over 3,600 miles from Mexico to New Brunswick in 11 months before being rescued. A dozen years later Ingram was brought in for interrogation by the queen’s spymaster, Francis Walsingham, as investors tried to learn more about America in anticipation of colonization there. The contemporary historian Richard Hakluyt soon used the records of the interrogation to publish his version of Ingram’s testimony. However, when editing it, Hakluyt mistakenly assumed that everything Ingram described about Africa, the Caribbean, and North America applied only to Ingram’s long walk through America. For over four centuries, Hakluyt’s scrambled publication of 1589 has been ridiculed as the fantastic ramblings of a liar. Examination of the original documents surviving from the interrogation has revealed that Hakluyt was a poor editor and that Ingram had told the truth about his extraordinary journey. Ingram’s story can now be told as he related it, revealing things about Africa and the Americas in the age of European discovery that would otherwise be unknown to history.
Brothers Behind Bars
Authors: Ghyoot Mathias 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Brothers behind Bars tells the harrowing, yet fascinating, story of the Muslim Brotherhood’s imprisonment in Egypt from the Palestine War in 1948 to the consolidation of President Anwar al-Sādāt’s rule in 1975. Based on hundreds of prison memoirs written by both Muslim Brothers and Sisters, the book takes the reader on a rare journey behind the prison walls to show how radicals and moderates, ministers and intelligence officers, clerics and jailers were embroiled in an epic battle to define Islam in modern Egypt. Brothers behind Bars argues that Egypt’s state institutions played a crucial role in shaping the ideologies within the Muslim Brotherhood, demonstrating how the institution of the prison became a critical site for the formation of a political counter-public in modern Egypt. Likewise, it demonstrates how the Muslim Brothers, amid crushing state repression, established an underground prison society that came to serve as a template for the utopia they envisioned for an Islamic Egypt. Although prison severely encroached on the freedom of the Muslim Brothers, it also forced upon them a time to reflect on their situation—not only in conversation with one another, but with political prisoners of other ideological convictions as well, most notably communists and Zionists. Thus, by emphasizing not what state repression restricted the Muslim Brothers from doing, but rather what it allowed them to do, Brothers behind Bars shows how the ideology of the Muslim Brothers was shaped not only by debates internal to them, but also by encounters with leftist intellectuals, religious clerics, and intelligence officers inside the prisons of Egypt.
Trials and Tribulations
Authors: Ghyoot Mathias 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter describes the experiences of the Brothers in the Military Prison following their trial in 1954–1955. It shows how the Brothers suffered three forms of violence: individual, collective, and epistemic. Whereas individual and communal violence manifested itself as psychological and physical torture inside the Military Prison, the epistemic violence was perpetrated in the propaganda surrounding the courtroom of the People’s Tribunal. As is shown, the Brothers were not, however, passive victims of this violence, but devised various strategies of resistance that played out both in the Military Prison and the People’s Tribunal. The chapter argues that most Brothers, following the example of Hasan al-Huḍaybī, adopted a strategy of civil disobedience that countered the RCC’s violent portrayal of the Muslim Brotherhood.
Introduction
Authors: Kuo Didi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The introductory chapter provides a defense of political parties, and argues that to understand the crisis of democracy, we need to examine the intermediary institutions that link citizens to government. Longstanding parties are critical to democratic stability, since they embody values, ideas, and ideologies that transcend individual leaders. Further, parties manage the relationship of democracy and capitalism by ensuring that multiple classes and interests are represented in politics. This chapter provides an overview of the ways parties historically created democratic responsiveness, and lays out a roadmap for how to think the challenges to parties in a neoliberal era.
Parties and the Third Way
Authors: Kuo Didi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a history of social democratic parties in the nineteen-nineties, describing how the parties of the left embraced a third way agenda that signaled an end to traditional liberalism and an embrace of neoliberal orthodoxies. It explains the factional divisions within parties of the left, arguing that the centrists prioritized economic growth and markets over other social democratic commitments. Drawing lessons from other parts of the world, including the integration of markets under the European Union and structural adjustment policies in Latin America, this chapter argues that the centrist politics of the third way eroded the contestation critical to party systems.
Research with Hard-to-Reach Emerging Adult Populations
Authors: Azmitia Margarita 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter suggests strategies for recruiting hard-to-reach adolescents and emerging adults, in particular, low-income, immigrant, ethno-racial minorities, first-generation college students, undocumented students, unhoused, and LGBTQIA+ youth. Developing trust and providing empathy, compassion, and respect are essential for recruiting these vulnerable populations who have often experienced discrimination, legal consequences, inequities, and even violence that have eroded their belief in democracy, meritocracy, and social justice. Long-term collaborations with families, community centers and organizations, clubs and youth-led organizations, schools, universities, and other places frequented by youth are essential for recruiting these hard-to-reach populations. In addition, random sampling is seldom possible with these vulnerable and transient youth, so snowball sampling, flyers, word-of-mouth, establishing a presence in neighborhoods, providing stipends, and creating safe spaces for data collection are also essential and will ensure that theory and research address the development of hard-to-reach adolescents and emerging adults.
Understanding Emerging Adults’ Relationships
Authors: Tagliabue Semira , Zambelli Michela , Donato Silvia , Lanz Margherita 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Having close positive relationships is considered part of the flourishing process in emerging adulthood; therefore, research on dyadic relationships and relational networks is critical in the literature about the transition to adulthood. This chapter presents some basic terminology about dyadic data analyses and provides an illustrative example on positive dyadic coping in romantic relationships during emerging adulthood. In the illustrative example, specific features of dyadic data analysis are presented (i.e., data structure, distinguishability, and measurement invariance), and one of the possible dyadic models is described step-by-step: the Actor–Partner Interdependence Model. Syntaxes and outputs are also available in supplementary files on this book’s support website. Finally, a brief discussion of the challenges of dyadic data analyses and future directions is provided.
Analyzing Intensive Longitudinal Data in Emerging Adult Research
Authors: Bellingtier Jennifer A. , Rupprecht Fiona S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces two approaches to analyzing data from intensive longitudinal studies, which involve the repeated assessment of the same individuals over short time durations: multilevel modeling and dynamic structural equation modeling. The chapter uses data from emerging adults in the Multi-Method Ambulatory Assessment Project. For multilevel modeling, we demonstrate how to conduct null models, models with Level 1 and Level 2 predictors, and models with cross-level interactions. Furthermore, random effects, centering, selection of covariance matrices, and model fit will be discussed. For dynamic structural equation modeling, the chapter demonstrates models including autoregressive and cross-lagged paths, as well as models with random slopes and cross-level interactions. In the supplementary material, the code for the multilevel models in SAS, SPSS, and R is included. For the dynamic structural equation models, the supplementary code in Mplus is included. By applying multilevel modeling and dynamic structural equation modeling to intensive longitudinal data, emerging adulthood researchers can capture the changes and variability of this life stage.
Grounded Theory in Emerging Adult Research
Authors: Landberg Monique 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Grounded theory is a way of doing research by applying certain techniques. A grounded theory can also be the result of a research process. Grounded theory was originally developed by Glaser and Strauss in the 1960s, and since that time the correct way of doing grounded theory has been widely debated. The following chapter briefly outlines the differences between the main branches of grounded theory, namely Objectivist, Straussian grounded theory, and Constructivist grounded theory, and introduces essential concepts such as memos, codes, and constant comparison. A grounded theory paper is used to illustrate the process of conducting this type of research in an emerging adulthood sample, with the author’s own experience and advice providing guidance throughout the research process.
Introduction
Authors: Miller Brian J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The introduction begins with the lyrics from Ben Folds’s song “Jesusland,” which critiques an American suburban heartland full of McMansions and religiosity. The author argues that it is worth studying evangelicals in the suburbs because considering the ways evangelicals have embraced the suburbs and have been shaped by the ways of life there helps provide a better understanding of evangelical beliefs and practices. Additionally, considering religion while studying the suburbs helps make sense of suburban practices and values. After the author briefly describes his own connections to evangelicals in the suburbs, the introduction closes with a look at the popular 1990s Contemporary Christian Music song “Big House” and its allusions to living the good life in a single-family home, followed by summaries of each chapter.
1989–2014
Authors: Kastner Jill , Wohlforth William C. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines great power subversion in a world without great power rivalry, narrating the era of peak unipolarity through the lens of subversion. It shows how most of the action in U.S./Western influence on Soviet and post-Soviet Russian domestic politics was tolerated by official Moscow, giving rise to high hopes for a new era in great power politics. It examines events in the late 1990s and early 2000s, from the Balkans through the color revolutions to the Arab Spring, chronicling the slow, steady decline of targets’ tolerance for overt external influence on domestic politics and growing development of their own subversive toolkit. The chapter concludes by documenting the increasing rivalry between the United States and Russia as it played out over Ukraine, ending with a hostile Russia intent on taking the fight to the United States and a resurgence of great power subversion.
Black Brazil in Paris
Authors: Osei Adjoa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
When Elsie arrived in Paris from Rio de Janeiro in 1926, the French capital was in the midst of a vogue noir. Elsie’s repertoire centered on Brazilian folk songs, such as those taken from Afro-Brazilian religions such as Candomblé, and she was viewed as exotic by audiences in the French capital. For members of the Brazilian avant-garde, such as musicologist Mario de Andrade, she embodied an autochthonous artistic modernity. Elsie incorporated influences from Brazil’s own so-called primitive indigenous and Afro-Brazilian cultures, while remaining cosmopolitan by cannibalizing cultural influences from elsewhere. In Paris, the avant-garde interest in black performance created opportunities for other women of color to creatively explore new versions of black female modernity on stage. There was the African American dancer Josephine Baker, who performed eroticized, tongue-in-cheek versions of black womanhood at Les Folies Bergère, and the mixed-race Cuban singer Rita Montaner, who brought Afro-Cuban music to Paris.
Baiana baiana baiana!
Authors: Osei Adjoa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
There were other women of color performers, in addition to Elsie, who participated in building North–South interhemispheric unity during the Good Neighbor era, namely the African American actress and singer Etta Moten and the African American dancer Katherine Dunham. All three artistes performed as the baiana—an Afro-Brazilian market woman from Salvador de Bahia or Rio de Janeiro—as part of their Good Neighbor acts. They played to type while still performing new ways of envisioning black identity. When Elsie Houston and Carmen Miranda met in Hollywood, their encounter was documented in the Brazilian press. Both performers, much like other Latin American women in the US show business circuit, were tasked with navigating homogenized stereotypes that reduced them to the tropical, the erotic, and the exotic.
Former Extremists in North American Research
Authors: Scrivens Ryan , Windisch Steven , Simi Pete 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Although it has become increasingly common for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to draw from the insights of former extremists to combat violent extremism and terrorism in North America, overlooked in this evolving space has been an in-depth examination of formers’ wider involvement in, and contribution to, the empirical research. This chapter synthesizes the major research trends in North America via the following categories: extremist precursors, radicalization toward extremist violence, leaving violent extremism, and combating violent extremism. This chapter finds that formers have informed understanding of an array of pressing issues in terrorism and extremism studies in North America, but much of this work is in its infancy and requires ongoing analyses, particularly on formers’ role and effectiveness in combating violent extremism and terrorism.
Former Extremists as Peer Mentors in Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism
Authors: Budge Sara Winegar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on formers in tertiary intervention, specifically the role of formers as peer mentors who work with individuals and who are in the process of disengaging and deradicalizing from violent extremism. Formers may have important cultural competencies that allow them to establish relationships more easily with program participants, support the competency of multidisciplinary staff in their work with program participants, and facilitate collaboration between all parties. The chapter presents recommendations regarding readiness and appropriateness to serve as a peer mentor, scope of practice, core competencies, and potential pitfalls. Questions to guide peer mentoring program development are provided. It is argued that formers have the potential to contribute to efforts in primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention initiatives combatting violent extremism.
Uncomfortable Truths
Authors: Frenett Ross 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues that by recognizing the diversity and complexity of formers, practitioners can create more effective and ethical practices for working with these individuals and contribute to successful violence prevention efforts. It also explores common pitfalls that can harm formers, including commoditization, dehumanization, and retraumatization, and ways in which their involvement in violence prevention work can be harmful to programming. The chapter concludes by emphasizing that although formers can bring valuable insights and experiences to the table, they cannot replace the need for qualified professionals with appropriate credentials to manage cases of those at risk of joining extremist movements.
The Conundrum of Constituency Service
Authors: Power Greg 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Constituency work is regarded as the MP’s most important role by both politicians and public, but it is understudied and misunderstood. The four main functions of the constituency role are: cash machine, caseworker, civic leader, and catalyst. Academic analysis though relies almost exclusively on clientelism as a catch-all explanation for local behavior. This only ever offers a partial and misleading account. It misses the human dimension and specifically the role played by local norms, traditions and public expectations. Ultimately political behavior has three determining features: social acceptability, political advantage, and the personal interests of the MP. The problem at local level is not “vote-buying” but rather that to achieve anything MPs have to go around the formal process rather than through it. This is expensive, inefficient and largely ineffective. The introduction of constituency development funds (CDFs) has exacerbated these tendencies. Solutions have to find ways of aligning short-term political imperatives with longer-term institutional ambitions, and the need to understand what politics looks like through the eyes of the politician.
A Collage of Breadlines and Restaurants
Authors: Parker Robert Dale 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The literature and visual art of the Great Depression, including poems, stories, novels, and political cartoons, often represent Depression suffering and hunger by portraying breadlines and hungry unemployed people—stiffs, in the lingo of Chapter 1—staring through restaurant windows at prosperous diners enjoying lavish meals. The breadlines stretched so long and moved so slowly that they seemed to halt time itself, only to provide, at last, food so vile that it barely seemed worth waiting for. The long breadlines threatened to blend away the individuality of the hungry people waiting for nothing or nearly nothing, echoing the prosperous restaurant diners’ reluctance to look back out the window at the starving stiffs staring through the window at feasts they can only envy.