bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gap Plasmon of Virus‐Templated Biohybrid Nanostructures Uplifting the Performance of Organic Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Lee Hock Beng , Kim Won‐Geun , Lee Miso , Lee Jong‐Min , He Siwei , Kumar Neetesh , Devaraj Vasanthan , Choi Eun Jung , Jeon Il , Song Myungkwan , Oh Jin‐Woo , Kang Jae‐Wook 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPlasmonic nanostructures, which exhibit prominent localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties, are highly desirable for organic solar cells (OSC) and organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) devices. In the present work, novel plasmonic bio‐nanostructures are successfully synthesized via the self‐densification of silver (Ag) and gold (Au) metallic nanoparticles (NPs) onto a genetically engineered M13 bacteriophage template. Owing to the unique charge selectivity of the peptide receptors on the M13 bacteriophage, the metallic NPs can be directly anchored onto the bacteriophage through charge‐driven interactions without binder/surfactant. The resulting Ag/AuNP‐M13 bio‐nanostructures display extraordinary gap‐plasmon effect as well as tremendously enhanced LSPR properties than the randomly dispersed Ag/Au NPs. The incorporation of Ag/AuNP‐M13 bio‐nanostructures tremendously improves the performance of both OSC and OLED devices. Specifically, a power conversion efficiency increment of 15.5% is recorded for the phage‐modified OSCs; whereas an external quantum efficiency increment of 22.6% is achieved for the phage‐modified OLEDs. Based on this environmentally benign virus‐template approach, various plasmonic/photonic bio‐nanostructures can be designed for diverse device applications.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Reductive Carboxylation of Aryl Bromides with Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Hang Wei , Yi Yaping , Xi Chanjuan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCobalt‐catalyzed reductive carboxylation of aryl bromides with carbon dioxide has been developed. The reaction proceeded under one atm pressure of CO2 at 40 °C in the presence of cobalt iodide/2,2′‐bipyridine catalysts and zinc dust as a reducing reagent. Various aryl bromides could be converted to the corresponding carboxylic acids in good to high yields. Preliminary mechanistic experiments ruled out intervention of intermediate organozinc species for carboxylation with CO2, thus suggesting a direct CO2 insertion into the corresponding ArCoBr species.magnified image
Modifying effects of hydrogen sulfide on the rheometric properties of liquid elemental sulfur
Authors: Stashick Mitchell J. , Sofekun Gabriel O. , Marriott Robert A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHandling molten sulfur is inherently difficult due to liquid sulfur's extreme rheological behavior. Upon melting at 115°C, sulfur's viscosity remains low until reaching 160°C, the λ‐transition region, where the viscosity increases to a maximum of 93,000 × 10−3 Pa s at 187°C. Within this study, our previous viscosity measurements for pure liquid elemental sulfur have been discussed along with new measurements on sulfur containing physically and chemically dissolved hydrogen sulfide (H2S). H2S is always incorporated into industrial sulfur which has been recovered through the modified Claus process in gas plants and oil refineries. Using the experimental data from this study, a semi‐empirical correlation model was reported based on the reptation model of Cates to estimate the impact of H2S on liquid sulfur's viscosity as a function of temperature. The equation can be applied to commercial sources of sulfur with 0–500 ppm of total dissolved H2S.
The estimated prevalence of exposure to carcinogens, asthmagens, and ototoxic agents among healthcare workers in Australia
Authors: Rai Rajni , Fritschi Lin , Carey Renee N. , Lewkowski Kate , Glass Deborah C. , Dorji Nidup , El‐Zaemey Sonia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundHealthcare workers are occupationally exposed to various hazardous chemicals and agents that can potentially result in long‐term adverse health effects. These exposures have not been comprehensively examined at a population level. The aim of this study was to examine occupational exposures to a wide range of asthmagens, carcinogens, and ototoxic agents among healthcare workers in Australia.MethodsData were collected as part of the Australian Work Exposures Studies, which were computer‐assisted telephone surveys conducted in 2011, 2014, and 2016 to assess the prevalence of occupational exposures to carcinogens, asthmagens, and ototoxic agents, respectively, among Australian workers. Using data on healthcare workers, the prevalence of exposures to these agents was calculated and associations of demographic variables and occupation groups with exposure status were examined.ResultsThe prevalence of exposure to at least one asthmagen, carcinogen, and ototoxic agent was 92.3%, 50.7%, and 44.6%, respectively. The most common exposures were to (a) cleaning and sterilizing agents in the asthmagen group; (b) shift work in the carcinogen group; and (c) toluene and p‐xylene among ototoxic agents. Exposure varied by occupation, with exposure to carcinogens and ototoxic agents highest among personal carers and exposure to carcinogens most likely among nursing professionals and health and welfare support workers.ConclusionThe results demonstrate that a substantial proportion of Australian healthcare workers are occupationally exposed to asthmagens, carcinogens, and ototoxic agents. These exposures are more common among certain occupational groups. The information provided by this study will be useful in prioritizing and implementing control strategies.
Reactivity of Azasydnones: Unusual Diversity in Reactions of Chloro‐ and Nitrophenyl Derivatives with Nitrogen Nucleophiles
Authors: Dalinger Igor L. , Kormanov Alexandr V. , Shkineva Tatyana K. , Sheremetev Aleksei B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractReaction with nucleophiles of a range of 3‐arylazasydnones bearing chloro and nitro substituents at the various positons at the phenyl ring using ammonia, primary and secondary amines and azide ion has been assessed in order to develop methodology for the synthesis of corresponding aminophenyl azasydnone derivatives. It has been shown that a nitrogen nucleophile can cause (i) an SNAr reaction when a halogen or the azasydnone moiety itself can be a leaving group; (ii) the azasydnone ring‐opening leading to the formation of aryl azides or azocarboxamides. The observed reactivity of the substrates is discussed in the context of the substituent effect and the nature of the nucleophile.
Towards an Understanding of the “Ambiphilic” Character of Ionic Liquids for Green Synthesis of Chemically Diverse Architectures
Authors: Sinha Arun K. , Singh Richa , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFor over a decade, ionic liquids have been recognized as green solvents and/or catalysts in the chemical world owing to their unique physical/chemical properties resulting in a diverse range of chemical and biochemical transformations. One of the striking features of ionic liquids is their ability to act as an ambiphilic catalyst i. e. dual electrophilic‐nucleophilic activation of the substrate. The complex interplay of hydrogen bonding, Coulomb and Van‐der Waals interactions between the cationic and anionic part of ionic liquid imparts this ambiphilicity to the ionic liquid. Notably, the present review highlights the channelization of this ambiphic characteristic for various organic synthesis along with the understanding of the mechanism involved. Thus, the better understanding of the ambiphilic character of ionic liquid may open a new perspective of ionic liquid research and their use may trigger many unprecedented reactions which otherwise are tedious or complex.
Veredelung von Kupfer(II)‐azid mittels 1‐Alkyl‐5H‐tetrazolen: Leistungsfähige energetische Komplexverbindungen
Authors: Wurzenberger Maximilian H. H. , Lommel Marcus , Gruhne Michael S. , Szimhardt Norbert , Stierstorfer Jörg 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEin Konzept zur Stabilisierung des hochempfindlichen und explosiven Kupfer(II)‐azids mittels 1‐N‐substituierten Tetrazolen wird beschrieben. Durch die Verwendung stark endothermer, stickstoffreicher Liganden wurde eine Stabilisierung des Systems erreicht. Die Sensitivitäten der resultierenden energetischen Komplexverbindungen können außerdem durch Veränderung der Alkylkette am Liganden oder durch Phlegmatisierung der Komplexe mithilfe klassischer Additive abgestimmt werden. Anhand der Verbindung [Cu(N3)2(MTZ)] (1; MTZ=1‐Methyl‐5H‐tetrazol, wird gezeigt, dass diese Klasse von Komplexverbindungen als potentielle Ersatzstoffe für sowohl Bleiazid (LA) als auch Bleistyphnat (LS) in Frage kommt. Die Komplexe wurden bezüglich ihrer chemischen (Elementaranalyse, Einkristall‐ und Pulver‐Röntgendiffraktometrie, IR‐Spektroskopie, Rasterelektronenmikroskopie) und physikochemischen Eigenschaften (Differenz‐Thermoanalyse, Sensitivitäten gegenüber Schlag, Reibung und elektrostatische Entladung) genau untersucht und mit reinem Kupfer(II)‐azid verglichen.
Structural‐Deformation‐Energy‐Modulation Strategy in a Soft Porous Coordination Polymer with an Interpenetrated Framework
Authors: Gu Yifan , Zheng Jia‐Jia , Otake Ken‐ichi , Sugimoto Kunihisa , Hosono Nobuhiko , Sakaki Shigeyoshi , Li Fengting , Kitagawa Susumu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTo achieve unique molecular‐recognition patterns, a rational control of the flexibility of porous coordination polymers (PCPs) is highly sought, but it remains elusive. From a thermodynamic perspective, the competitive relationship between the structural deformation energy (Edef) of soft PCPs and the guest interaction is key for selective a guest‐triggered structural‐transformation behavior. Therefore, it is vital to investigate and control Edef to regulate this competition for flexibility control. Driven by these theoretical insights, we demonstrate an Edef‐modulation strategy via encoding inter‐framework hydrogen bonds into a soft PCP with an interpenetrated structure. As a proof of this concept, the enhanced Edef of PCP enables a selective gate‐opening behavior toward CHCl3 over CH2Cl2 by changing the adsorption‐energy landscape of the compounds. This study provides a new direction for the design of functional soft porous materials.
Implementing Daily Management Systems to Support Sustained Quality Improvement in Ambulatory Surgery Centers
Authors: Rakover Jeffrey , Little Kevin , Scoville Richard , Holder Barbara 
Published: April 2020

AbstractQuality improvement processes and management approaches that provide a foundation for continuous quality improvement can lead to improved patient care. The Institute for Healthcare Improvement developed a high‐performance management system (HPMS) for health care leaders and staff members to effect continuous quality control, and then conducted a pilot of the system in several ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs). The primary focus of the pilot program in the ASC setting was to understand the applicability of the theory of quality control using related practices (eg, standardized daily huddles, visual management boards) included in the modified HPMS. After implementing the new program, pilot site leaders observed an improvement of approximately 10 percentage points in their Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality patient safety culture survey scores. At the end of the pilot, the researchers concluded that ASC leaders can improve patient care and sustain improvement in their organizations using the HPMS practices.
Substituted 2‐thioxothiazolidin‐4‐one derivatives showed protective effects against diabetic cataract via inhibition of aldose reductase
Authors: Huang Wanrong , Zhang Yue , Liang Xu , Yang Lichun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn an effort to develop a new class of potent aldose reductase inhibitors against diabetic cataracts, a series of novel 2‐thioxothiazolidine‐4‐one derivatives was synthesized in excellent yields via a facile synthetic route. These compounds were tested against aldehyde (ALR1) and aldose reductase (ALR2) enzymes, where they showed considerable inhibitory activity. Among the tested derivatives, compound 6e showed selective and excellent inhibition of ALR2 over ALR1. The experimental diabetes was induced by the intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin in male Wistar rats. Compound 6e showed positive modulation of body weight, blood glucose, and blood insulin levels in diabetic rats. Compound 6e also showed ALR2 inhibition as evidenced by Western blot analysis in lens homogenates of Wistar rats having cataract. The docking study of 6e was also performed inside the active site of ALR2 to enumerate the key contacts for inhibitory activity.
Pathogenic Activation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Is Induced by the Disease Microenvironment in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Taki Zeinab , Gostjeva Elena , Thilly William , Yaseen Bodoor , Lopez Henry , Mirza Maria , Hassuji Zainab , Vigneswaran Shivanee , Ahmed Abdi Bahja , Hart Amy , Arumalla Nikita , Thomas Gemma , Denton Christopher P. , Suleman Yasir , Liu Huan , Venturini Cristina , O'Reilly Steven , Xu Shiwen , Stratton Richard 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveIn systemic sclerosis (SSc), a persistent tissue repair process leads to progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. The role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which characteristically initiate and regulate tissue repair, has not been fully evaluated. We undertook this study to investigate whether dividing metakaryotic MSCs are present in SSc skin and to examine whether exposure to the disease microenvironment activates MSCs and leads to transdifferentiation.MethodsSkin biopsy material from patients with recent‐onset diffuse SSc was examined by collagenase spread of 1‐mm–thick surface‐parallel sections, in order to identify dividing metakaryotic stem cells in each tissue plane. Adipose‐derived MSCs from healthy controls were treated with dermal blister fluid (BF) from patients with diffuse SSc and profiled by next‐generation sequencing, or they were evaluated for phenotypic changes relevant to SSc. Differential responses of dermal fibroblasts were studied in parallel.ResultsMSC‐like cells undergoing active metakaryotic division were identified in SSc sections (but not control sections) most prominently in the deep dermis and adjacent to damaged microvessels, in both clinically involved and uninvolved skin. Furthermore, exposure to SSc BF caused selective MSC activation, inducing a myofibroblast signature, while reducing signatures of vascular repair and adipogenesis and enhancing migration and contractility. Microenvironmental factors implicated in inducing transdifferentiation included the profibrotic transforming growth factor β, the presence of lactate, and mechanosensing, while the microenvironment Th2 cytokine, interleukin‐31, enhanced osteogenic commitment (calcinosis).ConclusionDividing MSC‐like cells are present in the SSc disease microenvironment where multiple factors, likely acting in concert, promote transdifferentiation and lead to a complex and resistant disease state.
Novel and de novo point and large microdeletion mutation in PRRT2‐related epilepsy
Authors: Yang Li , You Cuiping , Qiu Shiyan , Yang Xiaofan , Li Yufen , Liu Feng , Zhang Dongqing , Niu Yue , Xu Liyun , Xu Na , Li Xia , Luo Fang , Yang Junli , Li Baomin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundPoint and copy number variant mutations in the PRRT2 gene have been identified in a variety of paroxysmal disorders and different types of epilepsy. In this study, we analyzed the phenotypes and PRRT2‐related mutations in Chinese epilepsy children.MethodsA total of 492 children with epilepsy were analyzed by whole exome sequencing (WES) and low‐coverage massively parallel CNV sequencing (CNV‐seq) to find the single nucleotide variants and copy number variations (CNVs). And quantitative polymerase chain reaction was utilized to verify the CNVs. Their clinical information was followed up.ResultsWe found PRRT2‐related mutations in 19 patients (10 males and nine females, six sporadic cases and 13 family cases). Twelve point mutations, four whole gene deletion, and three 16p11.2 deletions were detected. The clinical features of 39 patients in 19 families included one early childhood myoclonic epilepsy (ECME), one febrile seizure (FS), two infantile convulsions with paroxysmal choreoathetosis (ICCA), six paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesias (PKD), 12 benign infantile epilepsy (BIE), and 17 benign familial infantile epilepsy (BFIE). All patients had normal brain MRI. Interictal EEG showed only one patient had generalized polyspike wave and five patients had focal transient discharges. Focal seizures originating in the frontal region were recorded in one patient, two from the temporal region, and two from the occipital region. Most patients were treated effectively with VPA or OXC, and the child with myoclonic seizures was not sensitive to antiepileptic drugs.ConclusionPRRT2 mutations can be inherited or de novo, mainly inherited. The clinical spectrum of PRRT2 mutation includes BIE, BFIE, ICCA, PKD, FS, and ECME. The PRRT2‐related mutations contained point mutation, whole gene deletion and 16p11.2 deletions, and large microdeletion mutations mostly de novo. It is the first report of PRRT2 mutation found in ECME. Our report expands the mutation and clinical spectrum of PRRT2‐related epilepsy.
CXCL5/CXCR2 axis in tumor microenvironment as potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target
Authors: Zhang Wen , Wang Huishan , Sun Mingyang , Deng Xueting , Wu Xueru , Ma Yilan , Li Mengjing , Shuoa Said Maisam , You Qiang , Miao Lin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in solid tumors, especially chemokines, are currently attracting much attention from scientists. C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) is one of the important chemokines in TME. Overexpression of CXCL5 is closely related to the survival time, recurrence and metastasis of cancer patients. In TME, CXCL5 binds to its receptors, such as C‐X‐C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), to participate in the recruitment of immune cells and promote angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. The CXCL5/CXCR2 axis can act as a bridge between tumor cells and host cells in TME. Blocking the transmission of CXCL5/CXCR2 signals can increase the sensitivity and effectiveness of immunotherapy and slow down tumor progression. CXCL5 and CXCR2 are also regarded as biomarkers for predicting prognosis and molecular targets for customizing the treatment. In this review, we summarized the current literature regarding the biological functions and clinical significance of CXCL5/CXCR2 axis in TME. The possibility to use CXCL5 and CXCR2 as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer is also discussed
Gene signatures associated with genomic aberrations predict prognosis in neuroblastoma
Authors: He Xiaoyan , Qin Chao , Zhao Yanding , Zou Lin , Zhao Hui , Cheng Chao 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundNeuroblastoma (NB) is a heterogeneous disease with respect to genomic abnormalities and clinical behaviors. Despite recent advances in our understanding of the association between the genetic aberrations and clinical features, it remains one of the major challenges to predict prognosis and stratify patients for determining personalized therapy in this disease. The aim of this study was to develop an effective prognosis prediction model for NB patients.MethodsWe integrated diverse computational analyses to define gene signatures that reflect MYCN activity and chromosomal aberrations including deletion of chromosome 1p (Chr1p_del) and chromosome 11q (Chr11q_del) as well as chromosome 11q whole loss (Chr11q_wls). We evaluated the prognostic and predictive values of these signatures in seven NB gene expression datasets (the number of samples ranges from 94 to 498, with a total of 2120) generated from both RNA sequencing and microarray platforms.ResultsMYCN signature was a more effective prognostic marker than MYCN amplification status and MYCN expression. Similarly, the Chr1p_del score was more prognostic than Chr1p status. The activity scores of MYCN, Chr1p_del and Chr11q_del were associated with poor prognosis, while the Chr11q_wls score was linked to good outcome. We integrated the activity scores of MYCN, Chr1p_del, Chr11q_del, and Chr11q_wls and clinical variables into an integrative prognostic model, which displayed significant performance over the clinical variables or each genomic aberration alone.ConclusionsOur integrative gene signature model shows a significantly improved forecast performance with prognostic and predictive information, and thereby can be served as a biomarker to stratify NB patients for prognosis evaluation and surveillance programs.
Robust expression of SIRT6 inhibits pulpitis via activation of the TRPV1 channel
Authors: Hu Jia , Chen Weiran , Qiu Zailing , Lv Hongbing 
Published: April 2020

Invasion of dentinal tubules and pulp tissue by pathogenic bacteria may cause infection leading to pulpitis. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a NAD‐dependent protein deacetylase encoded by the SIRT6 gene. The effect of SIRT6 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced pulpitis and its mechanism of action were discussed in this study. Dental pulp cells (DPCs) were extracted from human teeth and injected with LPS to induce inflammation. The cells injected with LPS showed substantially decreased expression of SIRT6. The overexpression of SIRT6, induced by plasmid‐transfection of DPCs with SIRT6 overexpressing vector, led to a marked decrease in proinflammatory cytokines (IL‐6, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α) and deactivation of NF kappa B pathway. Additionally, dentin matrix protein‐1 (DMP1), a promoter of inflammation in dental pulp tissues, was downregulated. Further investigation revealed that SIRT6 promotes ubiquitination of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel, leading to its degradation and deactivation. The role of TRPV1 in the anti‐inflammatory effects of SIRT6 was determined through incubation of SIRT6‐expressing dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) with capsaicin. This incubation counteracted the effect of SIRT6 on cytokines and DMP1. The injection of lentivirus‐SIRT6 attenuated LPS‐induced pulpitis in vivo by suppressing TRPV1 activity. Thus, SIRT6 inhibits the TRPV1 channel during LPS‐induced inflammation of dental pulp.Significance of the StudyThis study discussed the effect of sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced pulpitis as well as its mechanism of action and found that SIRT6 may be a negative regulator of pulpitis. Additionally, low expression of SIRT6 and high expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in LPS‐treated human dental pulp cells are closely associated with proinflammatory cytokines, dentin matrix protein 1 expression, and activation of the NF‐κB pathway, which indicated that TRPV1 may be a biomarker for pulpitis and the SIRT6‐TRPV1‐CGRP axis maybe a clinical target due to their role regulating inflammation and neuropathic pain.