bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Muscle mass, strength, and physical performance predicting activities of daily living: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Daniel X.M. , Yao Jessica , Zirek Yasar , Reijnierse Esmee M. , Maier Andrea B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundActivities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) are essential for independent living and are predictors of morbidity and mortality in older populations. Older adults who are dependent in ADLs and IADLs are also more likely to have poor muscle measures defined as low muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, which further limit their ability to perform activities. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to determine if muscle measures are predictive of ADL and IADL in older populations.MethodsA systematic search was conducted using four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and CINAHL) from date of inception to 7 June 2018. Longitudinal cohorts were included that reported baseline muscle measures defined by muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in conjunction with prospective ADL or IADL in participants aged 65 years and older at follow‐up. Meta‐analyses were conducted using a random effect model.ResultsOf the 7760 articles screened, 83 articles were included for the systematic review and involved a total of 108 428 (54.8% female) participants with a follow‐up duration ranging from 11 days to 25 years. Low muscle mass was positively associated with ADL dependency in 5/9 articles and 5/5 for IADL dependency. Low muscle strength was associated with ADL dependency in 22/34 articles and IADL dependency in 8/9 articles. Low physical performance was associated with ADL dependency in 37/49 articles and with IADL dependency in 9/11 articles. Forty‐five articles were pooled into the meta‐analyses, 36 reported ADL, 11 reported IADL, and 2 reported ADL and IADL as a composite outcome. Low muscle mass was associated with worsening ADL (pooled odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 3.19 (1.29–7.92)) and worsening IADL (1.28 (1.02–1.61)). Low handgrip strength was associated with both worsening ADL and IADL (1.51 (1.34–1.70); 1.59 (1.04–2.31) respectively). Low scores on the short physical performance battery and gait speed were associated with worsening ADL (3.49 (2.47–4.92); 2.33 (1.58–3.44) respectively) and IADL (3.09 (1.06–8.98); 1.93 (1.69–2.21) respectively). Low one leg balance (2.74 (1.31–5.72)), timed up and go (3.41 (1.86–6.28)), and chair stand test time (1.90 (1.63–2.21)) were associated with worsening ADL.ConclusionsMuscle measures at baseline are predictors of future ADL and IADL dependence in the older adult population.
Effect of medicaments used in endodontic regeneration on the morphological characteristics of bovine radicular dentin: Experimental immature tooth model
Authors: Conte Maira C. , da Silveira Teixeira Cleonice , Bortoluzzi Eduardo A. , Felippe Wilson T. , dos Santos Luciane G. P. , Pandolfo Mariana T. , da Agostim Cancelier Patrícia , da Fonseca Roberti Garcia Lucas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different combinations of irrigating solutions and intracanal dressings in the pretreatment of bovine radicular dentin, using an experimental immature tooth model. Eighty healthy bovine teeth, simulated with incomplete rhizogenesis, were randomly distributed according to the protocols of root canal dentin pretreatment for a regenerative endodontic procedure (n = 10): Control (irrigation with distilled water); SH (irrigation with 1.5% Sodium Hypochlorite); EDTA (irrigation with 17% EDTA); SH/EDTA (irrigation with 1.5% SH + 17% EDTA); SH/CH/EDTA (irrigation with 1.5% SH + calcium hydroxide paste +17% EDTA); SH/MTAP/EDTA (irrigation with 1.5% SH + modified triple antibiotic paste + EDTA 17%); SH/TAP/EDTA (irrigation with 1.5% SH + triple antibiotic paste +17% EDTA) and SH/DAP/EDTA (irrigation with 1.5% SH + double antibiotic paste + EDTA 17%). After the completion of the protocol, the demineralization, the exposure of collagen fibers, and the dentin erosion was evaluated under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), by applying a score system (1–3) to classify the observed features. Statistical analysis was performed (Kruskal‐Wallis and Dunn Multiple Comparison tests—p < .05). SH/TAP/EDTA and SH/DAP/EDTA groups presented the highest rates of demineralization in both the coronal and middle thirds of the root (p < .05). In the SH/MTAP/EDTA group, the samples presented moderate demineralization. The samples from the SH/CH/EDTA group presented similar findings to the control group (p < .05). Conventional triple antibiotic (TAP) and double antibiotic (DAP) pastes promoted more pronounced morphological changes on the dentin surface.
Gene transfer to skeletal muscle using hydrodynamic limb vein injection: current applications, hurdles and possible optimizations
Authors: Le Guen Yann Thierry , Le Gall Tony , Midoux Patrick , Guégan Philippe , Braun Serge , Montier Tristan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHydrodynamic limb vein injection is an in vivo locoregional gene delivery method. It consists of administrating a large volume of solution containing nucleic acid constructs in a limb with both blood inflow and outflow temporarily blocked using a tourniquet. The fast, high pressure delivery allows the musculature of the whole limb to be reached. The skeletal muscle is a tissue of choice for a variety of gene transfer applications, including gene therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy or other myopathies, as well as for the production of antibodies or other proteins with broad therapeutic effects. Hydrodynamic limb vein delivery has been evaluated with success in a large range of animal models. It has also proven to be safe and well‐tolerated in muscular dystrophy patients, thus supporting its translation to the clinic. However, some possible limitations may occur at different steps of the delivery process. Here, we have highlighted the interests, bottlenecks and potential improvements that could further optimize non‐viral gene transfer following hydrodynamic limb vein injection.
Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging Study of Madecassoside in Improving Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Cognitive Impairment in Rats
Authors: Liang Minjie , Li Guangming , Guan Xueqin , Liu Sisi , Fang Liguang , Li Tianfu , Dong Jun , Zhou Quan 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundCentral nervous system inflammation is associated with neurodegenerative diseases and is thought to play a part in the pathophysiological cascade leading to cognitive impairment. Madecassoside (MA) has shown potential for the treatment of neuroinflammation. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can be used to establish an animal model of cognitive dysfunction induced by neuroinflammation. Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) may potentially provide diffusion and perfusion data.PurposeTo investigate the effect of MA on neurocognitive impairment induced by LPS in rats, and to explore the changes of brain microstructure and microcirculatory perfusion by IVIM imaging.Study TypeProspective.PopulationThirty‐six male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups (control group, sham operation group, LPS group, low‐dose MA group, middle‐dose MA group, and high‐dose MA group) in a model of neurocognitive impairment induced by LPS (150 μg / 5 μL, 5 μL).Field Strength/SequenceIVIM‐DWI sequence at 3.0T MRI; the scan time was 2 minutes and 17 seconds.AssessmentThe escape latency times of a Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the cognitive impairment rat model and the changes of learning ability of rats treated with different doses of MA (30 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg, 120 mg/kg). A GE postprocessing workstation (adw 4.5) was used to analyze the changes of each parameter (f value, D value, and D* value) in the IVIM data of each group.Statistical TestsAll the data were analyzed by one‐way and two‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA).ResultsThe escape latency of the LPS group was significantly longer than the sham group (P = 0.05, 0.001, 0.006, and 0.042, respectively), and the high‐dose group was significantly shorter than the LPS group on the sixth day (P = 0.034). Compared with the control group, the D values and f values of cerebral cortex and hippocampus were decreased significantly in the LPS group (P = 0.043 and 0.003; P = 0.029 and 0.016, respectively). With the increasing dose of MA, the D and f values of hippocampus and cortex increased, and there was a significant difference between the high‐dose MA group and LPS group (D values: P = 0.038, 0.036; f values: P = 0.048, 0.039, respectively)Data ConclusionMA can improve the cognitive impairment induced by LPS by reducing neuroinflammation, and the changes of microcirculation and microperfusion in the brain tissue of these rats can be detected by IVIM imaging.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy Stage: 4J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1836–1843.
Studies on the Hydration Behavior of Polyvinyl Alcohol in Aqueous Solution: A Kinetic Approach through the Hydrolysis of Benzocaine
Authors: Rahman Farheen , Rafiquee Mohammad Z. A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe present work investigates the structural and dynamical features of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and surfactant–PVA system through the change in the rate of hydrolysis of benzocaine. The UV–Vis spectra of benzocaine showed that the absorbance values at λmax (284 nm) increased with the increase in PVA. The rate of hydrolysis decreased in the dilute‐ and high‐concentration regions of PVA, whereas it remains unchanged in the mid‐concentration range of PVA, known as the polymer–polymer interaction region. These observations correspond to the structural changes in PVA with the increase in PVA concentration in aqueous solution. The aggregation behavior of PVA was further studied using transmission electron microscopy micrographs. The rate constant for the hydrolysis of benzocaine showed peaked behavior with the increase in [CTABr] in the CTABr‐PVA mixed system. The sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) molecules modify the PVA chains into a more compact form, and so, the hydration number around PVA is decreased. Consequently, the less hydrophilic benzocaine entangles with SDS‐PVA, whereas OH– ions aggregate into the aqueous pseudophase, resulting in a decrease in the rate of hydrolysis in the SDS–PVA mixed medium. The calculated value of binding constant increased with the increase in PVA in both CTABr‐PVA and SDS‐PVA mixed systems.
Global regularity for the 2D magneto‐micropolar system with partial and fractional dissipation
Authors: Liu Yujun 
Published: December 2019

This paper focuses on the 2D incompressible magneto‐micropolar sysytem with the kinematic dissipation given by the fractional operator (−Δ)α, the magnetic diffusion by the fractional operator (−Δ)β and the spin dissipation by the fractional operator (−Δ)γ. α,β, and γ are nonnegative constants. We proved that this system with any α+β=2,1 ≤ α ≤ 2,γ=0, and α+γ ≥ 1,β=1 always possesses a unique global smooth solution
if the initial data is sufficiently smooth. In addition, we also obtained the global regularity results for several partial dissipation cases.
Antifoulingmittel im Wasser
Authors: Faßbender Sebastian , Meermann Björn 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFür das Biozid Zink‐Pyrithion, das in Schiffsanstrichen weit verbreitet ist, fehlten bisher analytische Methoden, um den Komplex und seine Abbauprodukte in der Umwelt nachzuweisen. Kapillarelektrophorese gekoppelt mit komplementärer Massenspektrometrie könnte dieses Problem lösen.
Warum versteht uns keiner?
Authors: Romstadt Jonas Konstantin , Martens Jürgen , Furhhop Nanna 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLaien finden Chemie oft schwierig, Schüler entwickeln Fehlvorstellungen von chemischen Modellen, und manchmal reden auch Biochemiker und Anorganiker aneinander vorbei. Der Schlüssel ist die Sprache, die gerade Fachleute oft nicht bewusst genug verwenden.
Vorstandssitzung
Authors: Koch Wolfram 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDie zweite Sitzung des Vorstands der Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker im Jahr 2019 fand am 16. September in Verbindung mit dem Wissenschaftsforum Chemie 2019 in Aachen statt. Da sich an diese Sitzung die konstituierende Sitzung des neu gewählten Vorstandes anschließt, nehmen auch die gewählten Mitglieder des Vorstands für die Amtsperiode 2020 – 2023 an der Sitzung teil.
A discontinuous Galerkin method for Stokes equation by divergence‐free patch reconstruction
Authors: Li Ruo , Sun Zhiyuan , Yang Zhijian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA discontinuous Galerkin method by patch reconstruction is proposed for Stokes flows. A locally divergence‐free reconstruction space is employed as the approximation space, and the interior penalty method is adopted which imposes the normal component penalty terms to cancel out the pressure term. Consequently, the Stokes equation can be solved as an elliptic system instead of a saddle‐point problem due to such weak form. The number of degree of freedoms of our method is the same as the number of elements in the mesh for different order of accuracy. The error estimations of the proposed method are given in a classical style, which are then verified by some numerical examples.
Integrated fault tolerant attitude control approach for satellite attitude system with sensor faults
Authors: Qian Moshu , Yi Hui , Zheng Zhong 
Published: December 2019

SummaryIn this study, a novel integrated fault tolerant control (FTC) strategy is proposed for a rigid satellite attitude systems under the case of external disturbance, Lipschitz nonlinearity, and sensor faults. Different from the traditional adaptive fault estimation method, an augmented fault estimation observer is designed for the considered faulty satellite attitude system, which could be used for estimating both system state and sensor fault. A virtual observer is firstly introduced, and then, a real observer is derived as a result of the unmeasurable information to be used for the design of the virtual observer. On this basis, an integrated FTC approach is developed for the considered faulty satellite attitude system by combining backstepping control and fractional order nonsingular terminal sliding mode control techniques, such that the closed‐loop system not only has good robustness to external disturbance but also has better fault tolerance capability to unknown sensor fault. Finally, a simulation example is provided to demonstrate the feasibility and advantage of the proposed FTC scheme.
A study on low‐velocity impact performance of notched GFRP composites repaired by different composite patches: Experiment and modeling
Authors: Caliskan Umut , Ekici Recep , Yildiz Ercan , Apalak M. Kemal 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLow‐velocity impact performance of notched glass fiber reinforced plastic composites repaired by bonding external composite patches was investigated by experimental and numerical methods. Various patches of different fiber materials such as carbon and glass fiber and thickness were considered under different impact energy levels. The continuum damage mechanics based on a dynamic progressive damage model was using to build the finite element model and cohesive elements were used between the composite patch and notched composite plate. Five different failure criteria based on three‐dimensional Hashin damage models were implemented by the explicit finite element subroutine ABAQUS‐VUMAT with degradation model and used to compare experimental damage areas. The experimental contact force, kinetic energy histories, and experimental damage areas were calculated and compared the numerical ones. While the experimental data confirm the efficiency of the proposed model, they show consistent results with the numerical model. Finally, using the composite patch is succeeded to avoid impact damage. This research provides fundamental support for the appropriate selection of external composite patch type and use of the degradation model with different failure model to achieve high‐efficiency simulation under impact loading.
Interrupted time series analysis on first cardiovascular disease hospitalization for adherence to lipid‐lowering therapy
Authors: Hu Feiyu , Warren Jim , Exeter Daniel J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeWe analysed lipid‐lowering medication adherence before and after the first hospitalization for cardiovascular disease (CVD) to explore the influence hospitalization has on patient medication adherence.MethodsWe extracted a sub‐cohort for analysis from 313,207 patients who had primary CVD risk assessment. Adherence was assessed as proportion of days covered (PDC) ≥ 80% based on community dispensing records. Adherence in the 4 quarters (360 days) before the first CVD hospitalization and 8 quarters (720 days) after hospital discharge was assessed for each individual in the sub‐cohort. An interrupted time series design using generalized estimating equations was applied to compare the differences of population‐level medication adherence rates before and after the first CVD hospitalization.ResultsOverall, a significant improvement in medication adherence rate from before to after the hospitalization was observed (odds ratio (OR) 2.49 [1.74‐3.57]) among the 946 patients included in the analysis. Patients having diabetes history had a higher OR of adherence before the hospitalization than patients without diabetes (1.50 [1.03‐2.22]) but no significant difference after the hospitalization (OR 1.13 [0.89‐1.43]). Before the first hospitalization, we observed that quarterly medication adherence rate was steady at around 55% (OR 0.97 [0.93‐1.01), whereas the trend in adherence over the post‐hospitalization period decreased significantly per quarter (OR 0.97 [0.94‐0.99]).ConclusionsPatients were more likely to adhere to lipid‐lowering therapy after experiencing a first CVD hospitalization. The change in medication adherence rate is consistent with patients having heightened perception of disease severity following the hospitalization.
Risk factors of unmet needs among women with breast cancer in the post‐treatment phase
Authors: Lo‐Fo‐Wong Deborah N. N. , de Haes Hanneke C. J. M. , Aaronson Neil K. , van Abbema Doris L. , den Boer Mathilda D. , van Hezewijk Marjan , Immink Marcelle , Kaptein Ad A. , Menke‐Pluijmers Marian B. E. , Reyners Anna K. L. , Russell Nicola S. , Schriek Manon , Sijtsema Sieta , van Tienhoven Geertjan , Verdam Mathilde G. E. , Sprangers Mirjam A. G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveUnmet health care needs require additional care resources to achieve optimal patient well‐being. In this nationwide study we examined associations between a number of risk factors and unmet needs after treatment among women with breast cancer, while taking into account their health care practices. We expected that more care use would be associated with lower levels of unmet needs.MethodsA multicenter, prospective, observational design was employed. Women with primary breast cancer completed questionnaires 6 and 15 months post‐diagnosis. Medical data were retrieved from medical records. Direct and indirect associations between sociodemographic and clinical risk factors, distress, care use, and unmet needs were investigated with structural equation modeling.ResultsSeven hundred forty‐six participants completed both questionnaires (response rate 73.7%). The care services received were not negatively associated with the reported levels of unmet needs after treatment. Comorbidity was associated with higher physical and daily living needs. Higher age was associated with higher health system‐related and informational needs. Having had chemotherapy and a mastectomy were associated with higher sexuality needs and breast cancer‐specific issues, respectively. A higher level of distress was associated with higher levels of unmet need in all domains.ConclusionsClinicians may use these results to timely identify which women are at risk of developing specific unmet needs after treatment. Evidence‐based, cost‐effective (online) interventions that target distress, the most influential risk factor, should be further implemented and disseminated among patients and clinicians.
Test–retest reliability, validity, and correlates of the 2‐min walk test in outpatients with depression
Authors: Vancampfort Davy , Basangwa David , Kimbowa Samuel , Firth Joseph , Schuch Felipe , Van Damme Tine , Mugisha James 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesA reason for the lack of interest in physical fitness testing in mental healthcare is limited time among existing staff. This cross‐sectional study investigated the test–retest reliability of the 2‐min walk test (2MWT) and its concurrent validity with the 6‐min walk test (6MWT) in Ugandan patients with depression. We also explored practice effects and assessed the minimal detectable change (MDC) and clinical correlates with the 2MWT.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional study executed in Butabika National Referral Hospital in Kampala, Uganda. Fifty Ugandan patients with depression (15 women; median age = 29.0 years) performed twice a 2MWT, once a 6MWT, and completed the Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (SIMPAQ), and Brief Symptoms Inventory‐18 (BSI‐18).ResultsThe median (interquartile) 2MWT score on the first and second test were 125.5 (59.2) meters and 131.0 (57.0) meters (p = .28). The intraclass correlation was.96 (95% confidence interval [0.94, 0.98]). The MDC was 23.5 m for men and 23.4 m for women. There was no evidence of a practice effect. Scores on BSI‐18 depression, SIMPAQ walking, and SIMPAQ incidental physical activity explained 66.3% of 2MWT score variance.ConclusionThe 2MWT is a reliable test, which can be conducted without any special equipment or substantial time demands, to provide a valid assessment of the functional exercise capacity in outpatients with depression.
Coarse‐grained and atomic resolution biomolecular docking with the ATTRACT approach
Authors: Glashagen Glenn , de Vries Sjoerd , Uciechowska‐Kaczmarzyk Urszula , Samsonov Sergey A. , Murail Samuel , Tuffery Pierre , Zacharias Martin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe ATTRACT protein‐protein docking program has been employed to predict protein‐protein complex structures in CAPRI rounds 38‐45. For 11 out of 16 targets acceptable or better quality solutions have been submitted (~70%). It includes also several cases of peptide‐protein docking and the successful prediction of the geometry of carbohydrate‐protein interactions. The option of combining rigid body minimization and simultaneous optimization in collective degrees of freedom based on elastic network modes was employed and systematically evaluated. Application to a large benchmark set indicates a modest improvement in docking performance compared to rigid docking. Possible further improvements of the docking approach in particular at the scoring and the flexible refinement steps are discussed.