bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal Trends in the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Middle-aged and Elderly adults from 2011 to 2015 in China: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)
Authors: Liu Bo , Chen Guanqun , Zhao Ruijie , Huang Dan , Tao Lixin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The objective of the study was to evaluate the updated prevalence of MetS and provide a comprehensive illustration of the possible temporal changes in MetS prevalence in China from 2011 to 2015.Methods: The data for this study are from the 2011 and 2015 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). CHARLS is a nationally representative survey targeting populations aged 45 and above from 28 provinces in mainland China. A total of 11847 and 13013 participants were eligible for data analysis at the two time points.Results: The estimated prevalence of MetS in 2015 was 20.41% (95% CI: 19.02%-21.8%) by the ATP III criteria, 34.77% (95% CI: 33.12%-36.42%) by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria, 39.68% (95% CI: 37.88%-41.47%) by the revised ATP III criteria, and 25.55% (95% CI: 24.19%-26.91%) by the Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) criteria. The prevalence was higher among women and elderly adults and in urban and northern populations. Furthermore, the trends in the prevalence decreased significantly between 2011 and 2015 by the ATP III, revised ATP III and CDS criteria. However, trends increased significantly from 2011 to 2015 by the IDF criteria.Conclusions: In China, elderly women living in northern urban areas should receive more attention. Notably, temporal changes in the prevalence of MetS varied somewhat according to different criteria.
Feasibility of Population-Based Input Function for Kinetic Modeling of [11C]-DPA-713
Authors: Akerele Mercy Iyabode , Zein Sara , Pandya Sneha , Nikolopoulou Anastasia , Gauthier Susan A. , Raj Ashish , Henchcliffe Claire , Mozley P. David , Karakatsanis Nicolas A. , Gupta Ajay , Babich John , Nehmeh Sadek A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Quantitative positron emission tomography (PET) studies of neurodegenerative diseases typically require the measurement of arterial input functions (AIF), an invasive and risky procedure. This study aims to assess the reproducibility of [ 11 C]DPA-713 PET kinetic analysis using population-based input function (PBIF). The final goal is to possibly eliminate the need for AIF. Materials and Methods: Eighteen subjects including six healthy controls (HC) and twelve Parkinson disease (PD) subjects from two [ 11 C]-DPA-713 PET studies were included. Each subject underwent 90 minutes of dynamic PET imaging. Five healthy subjects underwent a test-retest scan within the same day to assess the repeatability of the kinetic parameters. Kinetic modeling was carried out using the Logan total volume of distribution (VT) model. For each data set, kinetic analysis was performed using a patient specific AIF (PSAIF, ground-truth standard), and then repeated using the PBIF. PBIF was generated using the leave-one-out method for each subject from the remaining 17 subjects, and after normalizing the PSAIFs by 3 techniques: (a) Weight subject ×Dose Injected (b) Area Under AIF Curve (AUC), and (c) Weight subject ×AUC. The variability in the total distribution volume (V T ) measured with PSAIF, in the test/retest study were determined for selected brain regions (white matter, cerebellum, thalamus, caudate, putamen, pallidum, brainstem, hippocampus and amygdala) using the Bland-Altman analysis, and for each of the 3 normalization techniques. Similarly, for all subjects, the variabilities due to the use of PBIF were assessed. Results: Bland-Altman analysis showed systematic bias between test and retest studies, which was reduced after normalizing the V T estimate by the corresponding gray matter value. The corresponding mean bias and 95% limits of agreement (LOA) for the studied brain regions were 30% and 5%; ±70% and ±20% without and with gray matter normalization respectively. Comparing PBIF- and PSAIF-based VT estimate for all subjects and all brain regions, normalization by Weight subject ×AUC yielded the smallest 95% LOA among the three normalization techniques (±12%, ±13% and ±10% for Weight subject ×Dose Injected , AUC and Weight subject ×AUC respectively). Conclusions: The variability in VT is within that obtained for the test-retest studies. Therefore, VT assessed using PBIF-based kinetic modeling is clinically feasible, and can be an alternative to PSAIF.
Age-specific associations of serum TSH levels with markers of body composition in two population-based studies
Authors: Ittermann Till , Markus Marcello , Bahls Martin , Felix Stephan , Steveling Antje , Nauck Matthias , Völzke Henry , Dörr Marcus 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Previous studies on the association between thyroid function and body composition are conflicting and showed strong differences across age groups. Our aim was to clarify age-specific associations of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels with markers of body composition including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and body cell mass (BCM). We used data from two independent population-based cohorts within the framework of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). The study population included 5,656 individuals aged 20 to 90 years. Markers of body composition were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Serum TSH levels were significantly positively associated with BMI (β=0.16; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06 to 0.27), waist circumference (β=0.35; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.62) and FM (β=0.32; 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.52), but not with FFM an BCM. Interaction analysis revealed positive associations of serum TSH levels with BMI, waist circumference, FM, FFM and BCM in individuals older than 60 years, while no such associations were observed in younger individuals. We demonstrated that lower serum TSH levels were accompanied with lower values of BMI, waist circumference, FM, FFM, and BCM in the elderly, while no such associations were observed in younger individuals.
Oxidative Stress Response in Regulatory and Conventional T Cells: A Comparison Between Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome and Healthy Subjects
Authors: Lundberg Anna K , Chung Rosanna WS , Zeijlon Louise , Fernström Gustav , Jonasson Lena 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundInflammation and oxidative stress form a vicious circle in atherosclerosis. Oxidative stress can have detrimental effects on T cells. A unique subset of CD4+ T cells, known as regulatory T (Treg) cells, has been associated with atheroprotective effects. Reduced numbers of Treg cells is a consistent finding in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). However, it is unclear to what extent these cells are sensitive to oxidative stress. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that oxidative stress might be a potential contributor to the Treg cell deficit in CCS patients. MethodsThirty patients with CCS and 24 healthy controls were included. Treg (CD4+CD25+CD127-) and conventional T (CD4+CD25-, Tconv) cells were isolated and treated with increasing doses of H2O2. Intracellular ROS levels and cell death were measured after 2 and 18 h, respectively. The expression of antioxidant genes was measured in freshly isolated Treg and Tconv cells. Alxo, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was measured in fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells. ResultsAt all doses of H2O2, Treg cells accumulated more ROS and exhibited higher rates of death than their Tconv counterparts, p < 0.0001. Treg cells also expressed higher levels of antioxidant genes, including thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase-1 (p < 0.0001), though without any differences between CCS patients and controls. Tconv cells from CCS patients were, on the other hand, more sensitive to oxidative stress ex vivo and expressed more thioredoxin reductase-1 than Tconv cells from controls, p < 0.05. Also, TAC levels were lower in patients, 0.97 vs 1.53 UAE/100 µg, p = 0.001. ConclusionTreg cells isolated from either CCS patients or healthy controls were all highly sensitive to oxidative stress ex vivo. There were however signs of oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in CCS patients and we thus assume that oxidative stress plays a role in the reduction of Treg cells in vivo.
New point mutation in CREBBP Gene cause Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome: A case report
Authors: Wang Dan , Liu Na , Xiao Yunbin , Liao Zhenyu , Xiao Zhenghui , Chen Zhi , Wang Xun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: RSTS is a rare autosomal dominant inheritance disease. It is easy to overlap with the phenotypes of other syndromes, To assist with future diagnoses, we summarize the clinical and genetic characteristics of children with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. Case presentation: The patient, female, aged 3 months, 4.2 kg, was admitted into our hospital 3 times after birth due to repeated infections, shortness of breath, poor response, low crying, cyanosis and poor breastfeeding. The child has a special complexion with congenital heart disease, hearing impairment, and hypothyroidism. The anterior fontanel has a lot of vellus hair, mainly on the back, low hairline, micrognathia, high palate arch. the high-precision clinical explicit PLUS test and analysis were performed on all of their blood. CREBBP gene heterozygous mutation c.890T> A (p.L297 *) was detected. At the same time, the sequencing data showed that the parents of the examinee did not carry this mutation, which may be new. Conclusion: combining clinical manifestations and genetic testing can clearly diagnose Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome and enriched human CREBBP gene mutation database.
Long-term outcome of a patient with Transcobalamin deficiency caused by the homozygous c.1115_1116delCA mutation in TCN2 gene: a case report
Authors: Martino Francesco , Magenta Alessandra , Troccoli Maria Letizia , Martino Eliana , Torromeo Concetta , Versacci Paolo , Barillà Francesco 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Transcobalamin deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of cobalamin transport (prevalence: <1/1000000) which clinically manifests in early infancy. Case presentation:We describe the case of a 30 year old woman who at the age of 30 days presented with the classical clinical and laboratory signs of an inborn error of vitamin B12 metabolism. Family history revealed a sister who died at the age of 3 months with a similar clinical syndrome and with pancytopenia. She was started on empirical intramuscular (IM) cobalamin supplements (injections of hydroxocobalamin 1 mg/day for 1 week and then 1 mg twice a week) and several transfusions of washed and concentrated red blood cells.With these treatments a clear improvement in symptoms was observed, with the disappearance of vomiting, diarrhea and normalization of the full blood count. At 8 years of age injections were stopped for 3 months causing the reappearance of megaloblastic anemia. IM hydroxocobalamin was then restarted sine die. The definitive diagnosis could only be established at 29 years of age when a genetic evaluation revealed the homozygous c.1115_1116delCA mutation of TCN2 gene (p.Q373GfsX38).Currently she is a 30-year old healthy lady taking 1 mg of IM hydroxocobalamin once a week.Conclusions: Our case report highlights that early detection of TC deficiency and early initiation of aggressive IM treatment is likely associated with disease control and an overall favorable outcome.
Screening Cardiovascular Risk Factors of Diabetes Patients in the&nbsp;Primary Diabetes Clinics
Authors: An Lingwang , Wang Yanlei , Cao Chenxiang , Chen Tao , Zhang Yonghong , Chen Linhui , Ren Shuhong , Tang Manni , Ma Fenglian , Li Xianglan , Yuan Shuang , Zhao Wenhui , lee Yaujunn , Xiao Jianzhong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Aim:To evaluate the atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) risk factors in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients from the primary diabetes clinics for further comprehensive intervention in China.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 primary diabetes chain hospitals in Beijing, Lanzhou, Harbin, Chengdu and Taiyuan in continuous patients with T2DM from March 2016 to December 2019. The data collected at the first visit were analyzed, and proportions of patients reached the targets (glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) < 7%, blood pressure < 130 / 80mmHg, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) < 2.6mmol/l) were calculated. The differences among different hospitals, different treatment and numbers of aggregated ASCVD risk factors were compared.Results:A total of 20,431 participants, including 11,363 men (55.6%), with an average age of (59.4 ± 10.4) years were enrolled. Nearly 95% diabetes had one or more ASCVD risk factors other than hyperglycemia. The control rates of HbA1C, blood pressure, and LDL-C were 26.5%, 27.9%, and 42.6%, respectively. Only 4.1% patients achieved all 3 targets. Diabetes duration, family history and overweight/obesity were associated with the number of aggregated ASCVD risk factors. And the patients with short duration, no overweight/obesity, not smoking, less ASCVD risk factors and lived in Chengdu were associated with a higher control rates.Conclusions:In confront of poor control status, global management of ASCVD risk factors including weight loss and smoking stopping must be emphasized in the primary diabetes care settings.Highlights:The prevalence of ASCVD risk factors was high and control rates were low in the primary diabetes care hospitals in China.Overweight/obesity, smoking and resident area were associated with the aggregated ASCVD risk factors and worse control.Trial registration:Current ClinicalTrial.gov protocol ID NCT03707379. Date of Registration: October 16, 2018.https://clinicaltrials.gov
Community-dwelling Older Individuals using Day Services: Prevalence and Associations Between Walking, Toe-grip Strength, and Foot Problems -Cross-sectional Study-
Authors: Fujii Kashiko , Komoda Takuyuki , Honda Ikumi , Kawabe Nozomi , Nishimura Ryouhei , Sakakibra Yasumori , Fukumoto Takahiko 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Foot disorders in older individuals contribute to balance, posture, and gait instability, causing a decrease in activity of daily living and quality of life. However, the existing foot problems of older individuals in the community have not been studied well in Japan.Method: This cross-sectional study analyzed the foot-related data of 176 frail, old-aged participants who attended day service centers in Japan. Foot conditions were assessed and measured from various aspects, as was weight distribution to the floor. Multiple regression analysis was used to find foot item variables that correlated with toe-grip strength and walking speed.Results: Prevalence of skin dryness and suspected and existing nail fungal infection was high in both sexes regardless of care level. Prevalence rate of toe deformity and arch deformity was significantly higher in men and women requiring long-term care, respectively. The multiple regression analysis using stepwise method indicated the right toe-grip strength had a statistically significant association with the arch deformity, suspected or existing nail fungal infection, and nail thickness of the right sided foot (p-value, 0·012, 0·034, 0·040 respectively). Coefficients of all independent variables were negative. Any independent variables were not selected from the left foot. The corn, callus and toe deformity of right sided foot was significantly associated with walking test (p-value, 0·026, 0·033 respectively).Conclusions: Our study supported that individuals requiring more long-term care tend to have more foot problems. Some specific conditions were associated with toe-grip force and walking speed. This finding contributes to future strategies to protect foot health for community-dwelling older individuals, particularly the frail population. Trial registration: Not Applicable
A Huge Mullerian Duct Remnants in An Adult: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Wang Yonghui , Xiang Peng , Wang Wei , Li Shuang , Ping Hao , Liu Yuexin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: müllerian duct remnant is a disease which was reported infrequently. The cyst’s size in this case is even rarer. We performed surgery on this patient and introduced the procedure in detail. Case presentation: We present a case that a 58-year-old patient with a huge müllerian duct remnant between the prostate and rectum. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scan of abdominal and pelvic showed that a cystic lesion with a size of 14×10×10 cm in the pelvic cavity. There were no surgical contraindications were found after some related preoperative examinations, so the laparoscopic surgery was performed. The features of the mass of postoperative pathologic examination presented that the characteristics are consistent with the Müllerian duct. Conclusions: Laparoscopic excision is a perfect way to manage müllerian duct remnant. This way can get good outcome and minimize the damage to the patient.
Assessment and management capacities for the child health screening and intervention initiative in Visakhapatnam, India
Authors: PAGOLU KOTESWARA RAO , RAO T. RAGHAVA 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Early detection and early intervention of diseases can significantly improve child quality of life. The most often a diagnosis of Developmental Delay (DDs) made by a doctor based on strict guidelines. The aim of present survey is to decide the commonness of the conditions screened and institutional facilities through the RBSK activity among the children going to the DEIC focus at Visakhapatnam, India. Methods: This observational study was conducted in Visakhapatnam, District Early Intervention Centre (DEIC) one of the north coastal district of India for one year period and 6572 children aged 2 months-18 years were taken in the study. Norms were developed by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India to DEIC, according to the norms the pediatrician will examine the children who came to the center. Existing manpower analysis in the center was also done. Present study was done the multivariate logistic regression analysis were done to identify the predictors for DDs.Results: The examination of the 30 conditions screened under 4D's methodology, defects during childbirth were there in 255(3.88%), followed by deficiencies in 239 (3.63%) children, diseases during childhood were seen in 1277 (19.43%) children and disabilities and DDs were seen in 4801 (73.05%) children. From the diseases, dental caries were found in most elevated number of youngsters with 1219 (18.54%) cases. The mostly occurring DDs are language delay 941(14.31%) children had imperfections of these were observed. On analysis of deficiencies, most extreme number of 236 (3.59%) children was found with serious intense unhealthiness of severe acute malnutrition. Among the defects at birth, congenital deafness was the most frequently screened stipulation found in 84 (1.27%) children. The post of medical officer, Psychologist and DEIC manager stayed empty all through the examination time frame. Conclusion: In the present study we have undiagnosed that many curable diseases in children are not identified at all in a timely manner. Early intervention services on children's health are very useful and in future these services are extent for every individual child.
Prevalence and Bacteriology of Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infection among Pregnant women at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, South-western Uganda
Authors: Bahati Johnson , Stephen Bawakanya Mayanja , Joseph Ngonzi , Asiphas Owaraganise , Musa Kayondo , Taseera Kabanda 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnant women contribute about 25% of all infections and are among the most frequent clinical bacterial infections. Pregnancy changes in women that include anatomical, physiological and hormonal make them susceptible to develop UTI. Left untreated, UTI in pregnancy is associated with grave complications to the mother and fetus. These complications can be decreased by prompt and proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment that also reduces the emergency of drug resistance. Antimicrobial resistance is a major health problem in the treatment of UTI. We determined the prevalence, bacteriology and antimicrobial susceptibility of symptomatic urinary tract infection among pregnant women at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from November 2019 to February 2020 involving 400 pregnant women with symptomatic UTI. Patient information was obtained using a structured questionnaire. We collected clean-catch midstream urine specimens for culture and performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standards. Data was entered into RED-cap Version 8.2 software and then exported to Stata Version 14.1 for analysis.Results: The proportion of culture-positive UTI was 140/400 (35%). Gram-negative bacteria were more prevalent (73%): Klebsiella pneumoniae 52(37.41%), Escherichia coli 40(28.78%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis 7(5.04% each), Citrobacter freundii 1(1%). Staphylococcus aureus 33(23.57%) was the only gram-positive isolate. All the isolates were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid (95.7%, 95.0%, 72.9% and 50.7% respectively). Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae was 29.0% while that of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 33.3%. Multi-drug resistance (resistance in >2 drugs) was seen in 100% of the isolated bacteria. Majority of the bacterial isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, nitrofurantoin, cefotaxime and gentamicin at 82.9%, 81.4%, 79.3%, 78.6%, 66.4% and 65.7% respectivelyConclusions: Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most prevalent isolate followed by E. coli. These two organisms were highly resistant to the commonly used antibiotics. Our study recorded a higher prevalence of culture-positive UTI in pregnancy than all the studies in Uganda. Empirical treatment of UTI should be minimized as sensitivity varies for each organism, for each drug and over time.
Sub-nanosecond Infrared Photodetection using III-V Colloidal Quantum Dots
Authors: Sun Bin , najarian Amin morteza , Zheng Chao , Sagar Laxmi , Choi Min-Jae , Li Xiyan , Levina Larissa , Baek Se-Woong , Lee Seungjin , Kirmani Ahmad R. , Abed Jehad , Liu Mengxia , Li Peicheng , Richter Lee , Voznyy Oleksandr , Lu Zheng-Hong , Arquer F. Pelayo Garcia de , Sargent Edward 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising materials for IR light detection due to their tunable bandgap and solution processing; but to date, the time response of CQD IR photodiodes has been inferior to that provided by Si and InGaAs. We reasoned that the high permittivity of II-VI CQDs leads to slow charge extraction due to screening and capacitance; whereas III-Vs – if their surface chemistry could be mastered – offer a strong covalent character for low permittivity and fast operation. In initial studies, we found that existing covalent character led to imbalanced charge transport in InAs, the result of unpassivated surfaces and uncontrolled heavy doping. We report surface management using amphoteric ligand coordination and find that it addresses simultaneously the In and As surface dangling bonds. The new InAs CQD solids combine high mobility (0.04 cm2 V-1 s-1) with a 4x reduction in permittivity compared to PbS CQDs. The resulting photodiodes achieve a response time faster than 300 ps – a more than 100x improvement compared to the best previously-reported CQD photodiodes – combined with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 30% at 940 nm.