bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative proteomic analysis of Rett iPSC-derived neuronal progenitors
Authors: Varderidou-Minasian Suzy , Hinz Lisa , Hagemans Dominique , Posthuma Danielle , Altelaar Maarten , Heine Vivi M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Rett syndrome (RTT) is a progressive neurodevelopmental disease that is characterized by abnormalities in cognitive, social and motor skills. RTT is often caused by mutations in the X-linked gene encoding methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2). The mechanism by which impaired MeCP2 induces the pathological abnormalities in the brain is not understood. Both patients and mouse models have shown abnormalities at molecular and cellular level before typical RTT-associated symptoms appear. This implies that underlying mechanisms are already affected during neurodevelopmental stages.Methods To understand the molecular mechanisms involved in disease onset, we used an RTT patient induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based model with isogenic controls and performed time-series of proteomic analysis using in-depth high-resolution quantitative mass spectrometry during early stages of neuronal development. Results We provide mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic data, depth of about 7000 proteins, at neuronal progenitor developmental stages of RTT patient cells and isogenic controls. Our data gives evidence of proteomic alteration at early neurodevelopmental stages, suggesting alterations long before the phase that symptoms of RTT syndrome become apparent. Significant changes are associated with the GO enrichment analysis in biological processes cell-cell adhesion, actin cytoskeleton organization, neuronal stem cell population maintenance and pituitary gland development, next to protein changes previously associated with RTT, i.e. dendrite morphology and synaptic deficits. Differential expression increased from early to late neural stem cell phases, although proteins involved in immunity, metabolic processes and calcium signaling were affected throughout all stages analyzed. Limitations The limitation of our study is the number of RTT patients analyzed. As the aim of our study was to investigate a large number of proteins, only one patient was considered, of which 3 different RTT iPSC clones and 3 isogenic control iPSC clones were included. Even though this approach allowed the study of mutation-induced alterations due to the usage of isogenic controls, results should be validated on different RTT patients to suggest common disease mechanisms. Conclusions During early neuronal differentiation, there are consistent and time-point specific proteomic alterations in RTT patient cells carrying exon 3-4 deletion in MECP2. We found changes in proteins involved in pathway associated with RTT phenotypes, including dendrite morphology and synaptogenesis. Our results provide a valuable resource of proteins and pathways for follow up studies, investigating common mechanisms involved during early disease stages of RTT syndrome.
Hypoxia-challenged MSC-derived exosomes deliver miR-210 to attenuate post-infarction cardiac apoptosis
Authors: Cheng Hao , Chang Shufu , Xu Rende , Chen Lu , Song Xiaoyue , Wu Jian , Qian Juying , Zou Yunzeng , Ma Jianying 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of death worldwide. Although percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting can prolong life, cardiac damage persists. In particular, cardiomyocytes have no regenerative capacity. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are attractive candidates for the treatment of MI. The manner by which MSCs exert a beneficial effect upon injured cells is a source of continued study. Methods After the isolation and identification of exosomes from MSCs, the expression of miR-210 was determined by Microarray Chip. Subsequently, gain- and loss-function approaches were conducted to detect the role of exosomes and exosomal-miR-210 in cell proliferation and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, as well as the MI in vivo . Dual-Luciferase Report Gene System was used to demonstrate the target gene of miR-210. Results We tested the hypothesis that MSC-derived exosomes transfer specific miRNA to protect cardiomyocytes from apoptotic cell death. Interestingly, direct cardiac injection of MSC exosomes reduced infarct size and improved heart function after coronary ligation. In vitro , the MSC exosomes enhanced cardiomyocyte survival to hypoxia. Confirmation of exosome uptake in myocytes was confirmed. Dual luciferase reporter assay implicated miR-210 as a mediator of the therapeutic effect and AIFM3 as a downstream target. Treatment with miR-210 overexpressing MSC exosomes improved myocyte protection to both in vitro and in vivo stress. Furthermore, the endogenous and exogenous miR-210 had the same therapeutic effects. Conclusion These results demonstrated that the beneficial effects offered by MSC-exosomes transplantation after MI are at least partially because of excreted exosome containing mainly miR-210.
Essential role of Salmonella Enteritidis DNA adenine methylase in modulating inflammasome activation
Authors: Guo Yaxin , Gu Dan , Huang Tingting , Cao Liyan , Zhu Xinyu , Zhou Yi , Wang Kangru , Kang Xilong , Meng Chuang , Jiao Xinan , Pan Zhiming 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) is one of the major foodborne zoonotic pathogens of worldwide importance which can induce activation of NLRC4 and NLRP3 inflammasomes during infection. Given that the inflammasomes play an essential role in resisting bacterial infection, Salmonella has evolved various strategies to regulate activation of the inflammasome, most of which largely remain unclear.Results: A transposon mutant library in SE strain C50336 was screened for the identification of the potential factors that regulate inﬂammasome activation. We found that T3SS-associated genes invC, prgH, and spaN were required for inﬂammasome activation in vitro. Interestingly, C50336 strains with deletion or overexpression of Dam were both defective in activation of caspase-1 and secretion of IL-1β. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) results suggest that the absence and overexpression of Dam had similar effects on infected cells, as high overlapping rates of differentially expressed genes and enriched pathways were found between the C50336-VS-C50336Δdam and C50336-VS-C50336::dam groups, including multiple signaling pathways related to the inﬂammasome. Moreover, overexpression of Dam in macrophages by lentiviral infection could specifically promote the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome independently.Conclusions: These data indicate that Dam was essential for modulating inflammasome activation during SE infection, there are complex and dynamic interplays between Dam and the inflammasome under different conditions. New insights were provided about the battle between SE and host innate immunological mechanisms.
Utilization of Reproductive Health Services and associated factors among secondary school students in Woldia Town, Northeast Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Gebremeskel Teshome , Beletew Biruk 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite policy actions and strategic efforts made reproductive health service uptake of youths in Ethiopia, its utilization remains low. Local evidence about the utilization of reproductive health service among adolescents and associated factors are relevant to design age-appropriate intervention strategies. Objective: The main aim of this study was to assess the utilization of reproductive health service and associated factors among adolescents in Woldia town secondary schools, Amhara, Ethiopia, 2019.Methods: Institutional based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 420 secondary school students in Woldia Town from January - June 2019. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. The samples were distributed proportionally and participants in each school were selected by systematic sampling technique. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was carried out to asses’ association between dependent and independent variables. Result: Two hundred seventy (64.3%) respondents utilize reproductive health service. Residence, educational status of the partner, presence of RHS facility in school, good knowledge level on RHS were significantly associated with the reproductive health services utilization. Conclusion and Recommendations: Knowledge of respondents on reproductive health issues in the study area was found to be low. This low service utilization might make students disposed to different reproductive health risks; STI, HIV, and unwanted pregnancy; which in turn can increase the school dropout rate, and have an impact on an individual’s future life.
Expression of Type II Toxin/Antitoxin systems and ClpP protease of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus under stress condition
Authors: Karimaei Samira , Kalani Behrooz Sadeghi , Shahrokhi Nader , Mashhadi Rahil , Pourmand Mohammad Reza 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundStaphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen causing chronic to persistent infections. Amongst diverse factors of pathogenesis in bacteria, toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems have a potential to be presented as an antibacterial target due to their participation in cell physiology including stress responses. This study was conducted to determine the effects of thermal and oxidative stresses on expression of type II Toxin/Antitoxin systems and ClpP protease in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).Materials/methodsExpression of type II TA genes (mazF, relE1, relE2 and immA) and clpP gene in MRSA strain were evaluated following thermal and oxidative stresses by qRT-PCR techniques.ResultsThe cell viability was constant across thermal stress, whereas oxidative stress induction resulted in a significant reduction in the growth of MRSA strain. The result of RT-qPCR revealed that TA genes were expressed in stress conditions and expression of mazF gene increased under both thermal and oxidative stresses in MRSA strain.ConclusionsBased on our results, the MRSA strain responded to stress by altering the expression level of TA genes. In overall, TA system could be an antibacterial target in S. aureus that can revitalize the research on TA systems in this pathogen.
Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis in osteoarthritis deformation of ankle and subtalar joint – evaluation of treatment results
Authors: Stołtny Tomasz , Dugiełło Bogdan , Pasek Jarosław , Szyluk Karol , Pyda Michał , Spyrka Daniel , Białek Michał , Czuma Przemysław , Pijet Bartłomiej , Werner Krystian , Cieślar Grzegorz , Littner Roman , Pleva Leopold , Koczy Bogdan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis (TTCA) is an increasingly used method of stiffening the ankle and subtalar joints in advanced degenerative deformities.
Material and methods
The study group consisted of 19 men who were subjected to intramedullary and intra-osseous arthrodesis using an intramedullary nail. The average age of patients was 46 years (19–68). The main indication for surgical treatment was post-traumatic arthrosis 11 (58%). In the studied group of patients, clinical condition was assessed using the AOFAS classification, quality of life using the SF-12 scale, and assessment of pain intensity using the VAS scale. The above parameters were evaluated before surgery in the early (under 2 years), intermediate (from 2–5 years) and late (over 5 years) postoperative period.
Results
Analysis of the results showed that the assessed clinical condition on the AOFAS scale improved from an average of 20.6 points before TTCA to 63.5 points after the procedure. The result was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Analyzing the results obtained using the SF-12 quality of life scale, a statistically significant increase was found. In the physical sphere of quality of life PCS-12 increased from 26.5 points to 44.2 points (p = 0.0004) and in the mental sphere of quality of life MCS-12 from 46.1 points to 52.6 points (p = 0.030). The intensity of pain ailments, assessed in the VAS scale, decreased in all three periods of postoperative observation (in the early period p < 0.05, in the intermediate period p = 0.23, and in the late period p < 0.05), with the strongest analgesic effect (reduction of pain intensity by 4.3 points on the VAS scale) was observed in the early post-operative follow-up period.
Conclusions
Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis using an intramedullary nail causes a significant improvement in the clinical condition according to the AOFAS classification, enabling most patients to move independently, a significant improvement in the physical and mental quality of life assessed in the SF-12 scale and a significant reduction in the intensity of pain ailments assessed in the VAS scale, especially in the early postoperative period.
Lesions of the Lumbar Region in Asymptomatic Young Soccer Players: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Junior Charbel Jacob , Amorim Gabriel Donato , Vidal Pâmela Reis , Lourenço Rafael Burgomeister , Junior Marcos Rosa , Hochhegger Bruno , Mattiello Rita 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose

To assess abnormalities frequency of the lumbar region in asymptomatic young soccer players.
Methods

Cross-sectional study. Male adolescents from schools of grassroots soccer clubs and non-practicing activity controls were included by convenience. The abnormalities frequency of the lumbar region was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), performed using 1.5T devices with multi-channel coils in model equipment models. The types of lesions evaluated were general, warning signs, instituted, anterior and posterior, and of the column. Comparisons between groups and the relative percentage of each lesion type were compared by Pearson’s chi-squared test and Fischer’s exact test. The inter and intra-observer analyses were compared by the Kappa test.
Results

Forty-five adolescents were included, of whom 25 (56%) were soccer-practicing teenagers. No significant differences were identified between the variables age (P = 0.960) and the body mass index (BMI) Z-score (P = 0.540) between the group of soccer players and the controls. However, the percentages of lesions (general, instituted, anterior and posterior, and in the spinal column) were significantly higher in the practicing football group than in the control group (P = 0.002, P < 0.001, P = 0.012, and P = 0.006, respectively).
Conclusion

Young adolescent asymptomatic soccer players have more lumbar spine lesions than less active controls who do not practice sports regularly.
Histone methyltransferase EHMT2 degradation by propionate derived from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron induced colon cancer apoptosis via epigenetic regulation of TNFAIP1
Authors: Ryu Tae Young , Kim Kwangho , Han Tae-Su , Lee Mi-Ok , Lee Jinkwon , Choi Jinhyeon , Jeong Eun-Jeong , An Da Mi , Jung Cho-Rok , Jung Jaeeun , Park Kunhyang , Park Doo-Sang , Kim Dae-Soo , Son Mi-Young , Cho Hyun-Soo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BT) is the second most commonly isolated bacterium in the human microbiome after B. fragilis and is involved in the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in dietary carbohydrates. Although the human microbiome has recently been shown to affect colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, the mode of action (MOA) between the microbiome and CRC is still unclear.MethodsTo assess the colon cancer apoptosis, we performed western blot, qRT-PCR and FACS analysis using BT supernatant (Sup), sodium propionate (SP), and EHMT2 specific siRNA. Using RNA-seq analysis and ChIP-seq analysis, we identified HECTD2 (E3 ligase) and TNFAIP1 (EHMT2 target) genes. The antitumor activity of EHMT2 was determined by an in vivo xenograft model.ResultsWe selected propionate derived from BT and showed that it suppressed CRC growth by promoting proteasomal degradation of EHMT2 through HECTD2 upregulation. Moreover, downregulation of EHMT2 reduced the level of H3K9me2 on the promoter region of TNFAIP1, and subsequently, upregulation of TNFAIP1 induced apoptosis of CRC cells. Finally, we performed an in vivo study using BIX01294 to inactivate EHMT2 and observed a reduction in the tumor size of the CRC xenograft models.ConclusionsWe suggest anticancer effects of BT and EHMT2 as therapeutic targets for colon cancer treatment, and we will provide the possibility for synergistic effects of an EHMT2 inhibitor and BT in CRC treatment.*Authors share co-first authorship
Patients’ perceptions of frequent hospital admissions: A qualitative study with older people above 65 years
Authors: Huang Miaolin , Borght Carolien Van der , Leithaus Merel , Flamaing Johan , Goderis Geert 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAlthough frequent flyers represent barely three to eight percent of the total patient population in a hospital, they are responsible for a disproportionately high percentage (12 to 28 percent) of all admissions. Moreover those hospital admissions are an important contributor to healthcare costs and overpopulation in various hospitals. The aim of this research is to get a deeper insight into the phenomenon of the frequent flyer. Our objectives were to understand the patients’ perspectives on the cause of their frequent hospital admissions and to identify the perceived consequences of the frequent flyer status.Design and methodsThis qualitative study took place at the University Hospital of Leuven. The COREQ guidelines were followed to provide rigor to the study. Patients were included when they had at least four overnight admissions in the past 12 months, an age above 65 and an hospital admission at the time of the study. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews and encoded in NVivo.ResultsThirteen interviews were collected. A total of 17 perceived causes for frequent hospital admission were identified which could be divided into six themes namely patient, drugs, primary care, secondary care, home and family. Most of the causes were preventable or modifiable. The perceived consequences of being a frequent flyer were divided into six themes namely body, daily life functioning, social participation, mental status and spiritual dimension. Negative experiences were linked to frequent flying and could be situated mainly in the categories of social participation, mental status and spiritual dimensions.ConclusionsThis study offered an in-depth insight into the patients’ perceived causes of frequent admissions and identified the experiences of frequent flyers.Relevance to clinical practiceFew qualitative studies have been published in this field of research, while they can provide added value for understanding the phenomenon of frequent flying.Impact statementWhat does this paper contribute to the wider global clinical community?● This article offers in-depth understanding of patients’ perspectives of the cause(s) of their frequent hospital admissions.● This article shows how patients experience the consequences of being a frequent flyer on their current state.
miRNA Identification from Jatropha curcas L. whole genome shotgun assembly sequences
Authors: Vishwakarma Nutan Prakash 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
miRNAs are 20-25 nucleotide in length, endogenous in origin, and noncoding RNA molecules found in all the eukaryotic organism and takes part in the regulation of gene expression. Jatropha curcas L. oil has drawn attention as one of the most potential biofuels that can be a substitute of never-ending fuel crisis. Six miRNA candidates, each belonging to different miRNA families were predicted after screening of 41,790 whole genome shotgun assembly sequences by using the comparative genomics approach. The targets of identified miRNA were also predicted, the predicted target genes are belonging to diverse functions like in metabolism, transport, and genes involved in fatty acid metabolism. The predicted miRNAs show their targets which involve in the fatty acid metabolism, like miR414 targets the gene of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and O-acyltransferase WSD1, miR846 targets gene of FAD omega-3 fatty acid, FAD plastid fatty acid desaturase, miR5658 have the target gene long chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1, and miR407 have the target gene Trigalactosyldiacylglycerol 2, miR2938 GDSL esterase/lipase, glycolipid transfer protein 1.
Challenges assessing personality disorders with the SCID-5-PD in psychiatric patients
Authors: Boberg Mateo , Felding Simon , Jansson Lennart Bertil , Nordgaard Julie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The SCID-5-PD is frequently used to diagnose personality disorders. The aim of this study is to compare the diagnostic outcomes of the SCID-5-PD with expert clinical assessment in an ICD-10 setting. Methods: A random sample of a total of 30 psychiatric in- and outpatients (mean age = 34 ± 16, 17 males and 13 females) went through a comprehensive clinical assessment conducted by experts. Subsequently, the patients were assessed with the SCID-5-PD by specifically trained novice raters. Results: 55% (n=11) of patients with clinical diagnosis within the schizophrenia spectrum were allocated one or more diagnoses of personality disorder according to the SCID-5-PD, primarily borderline personality disorder (n=6). In contrast, of all patients with a clinical diagnosis outside the schizophrenia spectrum, only one patient qualified for a diagnosis of personality disorder with the SCID-5-PD. Meanwhile, 70% (n=7) of patients with a clinical diagnosis of ICD-10 schizotypal disorder did not meet the criteria for this disorder when assessed with the SCID-5-PD. Conclusions: When considering a differential diagnosis within the schizophrenia spectrum, outcomes from the SCID-5-PD should be interpreted cautiously.
Is it the time to implement the routine use of distress thermometer among Egyptian patients with newly diagnosed cancer?
Authors: Aziz Nashwa Abd El- , Khallaf Salah , Abozaid Waleed , Elgohary Ghada , El-Fattah Ola Abd , Elhawary Mai , Khaled Safaa , El-Haffez Azza Abd , Kamel Ehab , Mohamed Sherif 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
The distress thermometer (DT) is an effective tool for identifying distress among cancer patients worldwide. However, DT has not been studied in Egyptian patients. We aimed to study the prevalence of distress among Egyptian patients with different types of cancers using DT.
Methods
A total of 550 patients with newly diagnosed hematological and solid cancers who followed at 3 Oncology Centers in Egypt were enrolled. They completed a sociodemographic and clinical status questionnaire, the DT and the Problem List (PL) scale.
Results
At a DT cut off score of ≥ 4, 46% of patients had significant distress, which was related to the tumor site and stage. The most frequent problems reported were treatment decision (64.4%), worry (47%), and fears (44.5%). Univariate analysis showed that participants who had significant distress described 26 out of 36 problems in the practical, family, emotional, spiritual/religious and physical areas. Multivariate analysis confirmed only advanced cancer stage, depression, fear, nervousness, sadness, worry, loss of interest in usual activity, appearance, fatigue, feeling swollen, fever, getting around, indigestion, nausea, pain, and sleep as independent factors associated with significant distress in cancer patients.
Conclusions
Almost half of Egyptian patients newly diagnosed with cancer suffered from significant distress. Patients who had significant distress described extra problems in the practical, family, emotional, spiritual and physical areas. We recommend the routine use of DT for screening Egyptian patients with cancer, as well as the involvement of the psycho-oncology service and palliative care for pain control, at the time of their initial diagnosis.