bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skills and motivations underlying children’s cumulative cultural learning: case not closed
Authors: Reindl E. , Gwilliams A. L. , Dean L. G. , Kendal R. L. , Tennie C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe breakthrough study of Dean et al. (Science 335:1114–1118, 2012) claimed that imitation, teaching, and prosociality were crucial for cumulative cultural learning. None of their child participants solved the final stage of their puzzlebox without social support, but it was not directly tested whether the solution was beyond the reach of individual children. We provide this missing asocial control condition, showing that children can reach the final stage of the puzzlebox without social support. We interpret these findings in the light of current understanding of cumulative culture: there are currently conflicting definitions of cumulative culture, which we argue can lead to drastically different interpretations of (these) experimental results. We conclude that the Dean et al. (Science 335:1114–1118, 2012) puzzlebox fulfils a process-focused definition, but does not fulfil the (frequently used) product-focused definition. Accordingly, the precise role of social support for the apparent taxonomic distribution of cumulative culture and its ontogeny warrants further testing.
Changes in lactic acid bacteria and components of Awa-bancha by anaerobic fermentation
Authors: Nishioka Hiroki , Mizuno Tomofumi , Iwahashi Hitoshi , Horie Masanori 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Awa-bancha is a post-fermented tea produced in Naka and Kamikatsu, Tokushima, Japan. We investigated the lactic acid bacteria in each stage of production of Awa-bancha and evaluated the relationships with the components. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from tea leaves cultured with de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) agar plates, and the species were identified by homology of the 16 S rRNA gene and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the recA gene to distinguish the Lactobacillus plantarum group. As a result, a variety of species were isolated from the raw tea leaves, and Lactobacillus pentosus was isolated most frequently after anaerobic fermentation. Regarding the tea leaf components, organic acids, such as lactic acid, increased, free amino acids decreased, and catechins changed owing to anaerobic fermentation. Our results suggest that the microbial flora mainly composed of L. pentosus is important in the anaerobic fermentation process for flavor formation of Awa-bancha.
Petri Net Model and Max-Plus Algebra on Queue in Clinic UNS Medical Center
Authors: Sulistyaningsih T. , Siswanto  , Pangadi  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Patients come to the clinic UNS (Universitas Sebelas Maret) Medical Center to get a medical treatment. The clinic provides two health services include dental polyclinics and general polyclinics. Majority of patients do not know exactly how long the process of service from patient registration to getting medicine. Moving queues to each service is an event and people who queue up at each service are state. It is clear that the sum of all possible states is finite. This problem includes a Discrete Event System (DES). One of the uses of petri net is to model a DES. In this research, service flow was built in the clinic using Petri Net and service scheduling was modeled using Max-Plus Algebra. Furthermore, a coverability tree was built to determine the liveness and deadlock of the patient service queue and analyze the petri net flow. The selection of service start time can be chosen randomly to simulate the scheduling and length of service time.
Numerical comparisons based on new NCP-functions
Authors: Nurhidayat I , Han L C 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We consider studying numerical comparisons based on variants of new NCP-functions denoted by

ϕ
k
p

. The nonlinear programming (NLP) can be converted to nonlinear complementarity problem (NCP) by employing the Karush-Kuhn Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions. One of the most popular ways to solve NCP is Lagrangian globalization (LG) method by transforming NCP as a system of nonsmooth (semismooth) equations. The second one is a novel method named the fictitious time integration method (FTIM). We reformulate NCP as a system of nonlinear algebraic equations (NAEs) and then construct an ordinary differential equation (ODE) by utilizing time-like functions. A group preserving scheme (GPS) is a set of ODEs which is a tool for systematically reformulating into the nonlinear dynamical system (NDS). Afterward, the NDS can be manipulated to numerical equations through activating the Lorentz group SO
0(n, 1) and its Lie algebra SO
0(n, 1). The FTIM will be operated on this numerical equation in numerical simulations for getting approximation solutions. All of the numerical experiments are carried out in performance profile theories. The comparisons of new NCP-functions by utilizing FTIM and LG method will be discussed in numerical experiments. Lastly, an accurate test of both FTIM and LG method is going to be committed by performance profile concepts as well.
Ant System Algorithm in Renewing Pheromone for Completing Quadratic Assignment Problem
Authors: Utami F M , Renny  , Nurshiami S R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP) is often encountered with facility layout issues. Facility layout is a matter of assigning n facilities to n locations to minimize the total cost of the assignment. The QAP application examined in this research is the layout of the production facilities at PT. Slamet Langgeng. The search for QAP solutions uses the Ant System algorithm by examining three pheromone update algorithms, namely the Ant Cycle, Ant Density, and Ant Quantity algorithms. The simulation of the three algorithms in the completion of QAP uses the help of Matlab 7.0.4 software. Based on the results of the QAP completion simulation, the best QAP solution offered by the Ant Cycle, Ant Density, and Ant Quantity algorithms produce different minimum distances. The best QAP solution with the smallest minimum distance is offered by the Ant Cycle algorithm of 4,967.2 m for 1,000 iterations. The QAP solution has the same minimum distance with an optimal distance of 4,967.2 m so that the layout of the production facilities at PT. Slamet Langgeng in 2019 is optimal in terms of the distance of labor between production processes. The Ant Density algorithm produces the best QAP solution of 5,271.4 m for 2,000 iterations. The Ant Quantity algorithm produces the best QAP solution of 5,471.6 m for 500 iterations.
Annihilator graph of semiring of matrices over Boolean semiring
Authors: Yudatama R , Kurniawan V Y , Wiyono S B 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The annihilator graph of a semiring S, denoted by AG(S), is the graph whose vertex set is the set of all nonzero zero-divisors of S. In commutative semiring S, two distinct vertices are adjacent if and only if ann(xy) ≠ ann(x) ∪ ann(y), where ann(x) = {s ∈ S|sx = 0}. Similarly in noncommutative semiring S, two distinct vertices are connected by an edge if and only if either l. ann(xy) ≠ l. ann(x) ∪ l. ann(y), l. ann(yx) ≠ l. ann(x) ∪ l. ann(y), r. ann(xy) ≠ r. ann(x) ∪ r. ann(y), or r. ann(yx) ≠ r. ann(x) ∪ r. ann(y) where l. ann(x) = {s ∈ S|sx = 0} and r. ann(x) = {s ∈ S|xs = 0}. In this paper we study the properties of the right annihilator and the left annihilator of semiring of matrices over Boolean semiring Mn
(ℬ) and then use these results to determine the diameter of the graph AG(Mn
(ℬ)).
Interval min-plus algebraic structure and matrices over interval min-plus algebra
Authors: Awallia A R , Siswanto  , Kurniawan V Y 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Max-plus algebra is the set

ℝ

max

or

ℝ
ε

=
ℝ
∪
{
ε
}

where

ℝ

is the set of all real number and ε = −∞ which is equipped with maximum (⊕) and plus (⊗) operations. The structure of max-plus algebra is semifield. Another semifield that can be learned is min-plus algebra. Min-plus algebra is the set

ℝ

min

or

ℝ

ε
′

=
ℝ
∪
{
ε
′
}

where ε′ = ∞ which is equipped with minimum (⊕ ′) and plus (⊗) operations. Max-plus algebra has been generalized into interval max-plus algebra, so that min-plus algebra can be developed into an interval min-plus algebra. Interval min-plus algebra is defined as a set

I
(
ℝ
)

ε
′

=
{
x
=
[

x
_

,

x
¯

]
|

x
_

,

x
¯

∈
ℝ
,

x
_

≤

x
¯

<

ε
′

}

which have minimum

(

⊕
¯

′

)

and addition

(

⊗
¯

)

operations. A matrix in which its components are the element of

ℝ
ε

is called matrix over max-plus algebra. Matrices over max-plus algebra has been generalized into interval matrices in which its components are the element of

I

(
ℝ
)

ε

. This research will discusses the interval min-plus algebraic structure and matrices over interval min-plus algebra.
Implementation of Bayesian Mixture Models in identifying subpopulation of breast cancer patients based on blood test measurements
Authors: Dwimantara N , Abdullah S , Bustamam A , Rachman A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A complete blood test is one of a series of initial examinations of cancer patients that is relatively easy. The use of blood measurement components in analysing patient conditions is commonly used. However, it is not the case for the ratio and inter-ratio components of blood measurements, and this is what is proposed in this study. The built hypothesis is that the ratio and inter-ratio components of blood tests that can explain the condition of cancer patients are better than the blood test’s own components. An analysis will also be conducted to develop a patient profile based on these measurements, and those that can clearly distinguish between patient groups will be identified. The Finite Mixture Model is a method for modelling heterogeneous data that may originate from different subpopulations, where subpopulations represent groups of patients based on a particular latent condition. This model takes the form of a superposition of several distributions, which in this study, a Gaussian distribution is used. The parameter estimation used in the Bayesian method, which determines the prior distribution of the model parameters, and it is combined with the likelihood which will produce a posterior distribution. Then, the Markov Chain Monte Carlo-Gibbs Sampler is used to draw samples on the parameters of the posterior distribution. By using the breast cancer patient blood test data from the Oncology Department of a hospital in Jakarta, with 100,000 iterations as burn-in, and 200,000 iterations for sampling, based on Deviance Information Criterion values, the optimal grouping is two subpopulations using blood ratio and inter-ratio measurements. Two subpopulations were identified, with the first population is characterized by low distribution value and the second subpopulation with the opposite characteristics. The explanatory factors of ratio data are ratio neutrophils to lymphocytes, ratio platelets to lymphocytes, and ratio lymphocytes to monocytes.
Determining soil fertility using principal componen regression analysis of oil palm plantation in West Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Pasaribu U S , Nurhayati N , Ilmi N F F , Sari K N 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Palm oil is one of the most popular vegetable oils in the world besides soybean oil. Nowadays, more than 80% of the world’s palm oil supply comes from Indonesia and Malaysia. As the largest supplier, Indonesia must be improved and maintained its productivity with good management, such as maintaining soil fertilization to produce the best oil palm. This activity requires analysis of the soil chemical factors and soil conditions (fertile or not) from oil palm plantations, which involves a large amount of data. Principal component regression is an appropriate statistical method to solve the problem. In this method, the coefficient of the regression model is the coefficient of the principal components (PCs). Dimension reduction is performed on the predictor variables that have a high correlation so that the PCs have an insignificant correlation. The data are obtained by measuring soil samples around the trees from oil palm plantation in West Sulawesi, Indonesia. The data consist of sixteen variables and thirty-six observations (0-20 cm) for each variable. There are three PCs that become predictors of the regression model with information absorption rates reaching 78%, i.e., some macronutrients (Potassium oxide, Potassium, Calcium, and Cation exchange capacity), soil acidity and organic properties (Carbon and Nitrogen). Furthermore, the accuracy of the estimation value in this logistic regression model reaches 90% by using stepwise backward method.
Half-space model problem for a compressible fluid model of Korteweg type with slip boundary condition
Authors: Inna Suma , Maryani Sri , Saito Hirokazu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we consider a half-space model problem for a compressible fluid model of Korteweg type with slip boundary condition and prove the existence of ℛ-bounded solution operator families for the model problem.
The metric dimension of k-subdivision graphs
Authors: Susilowati L , Zahidah S , Nastiti R D , Utoyo M I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The concept of metric dimension of graph could be applied in many graphs, one of them is subdivision graph. A subdivision graph of graph G denoted as S(G) is a graph resulting from graph G by replacing an edge uv with a new vertex w and adding two new edges uw and wv. In this paper, the subdivision graph is called k − subdivision denoted by Sk
(G), if the number of edges replaced from graph G is k for 1 ≤ k ≤ |E(G)|, where |E(G)| is the size of graph G. The purpose of this research is to find the metric dimension of subdivision graphs Sk
(G), specifically for some special graphs, those are path graph (Pn
), cycle graph (Cn
), complete graph (Kn
), star graph (Sn
), ladder graph (Ln
), book graph (Bn
), wheel graph (Wn
) and fan graph (Fn
).
Algorithm and computer program to determine metric dimension of graph
Authors: Muhammad F , Susilowati L 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Let G be a simple, connected and undirected graph with vertex set V(G) and a subset W = {w
1, w
2, w
3, … wt
} ⊆ V(G) is order set. A representation of vertex v ∈ V(G) with respect to W is an ordered t − tuple r(v|W) = (d(v, w
1), d(v, w
2), d(v, w
3), …, d(v, wt
)) where d(v, wi
) is the distance between vertices v and wi
. The set W is called a resolving set for G if every vertex of G has a distinct representation with respect to W. A resolving set containing a minimum number of vertices is called basis for G. The metric dimension of G denoted as dim (G), is the number of vertices in a basis of G. In our study, we construct the algorithm to determine the basis and dimension of graph G. The algorithm is checking all possibility combination of vertex set such that the vertex set has the minimal cardinality of resolving set. Furthermore we design the computer program to find the basis and dimension of graph.
An Adams type inequality of fractional integral operator on hypergroups
Authors: Sihwaningrum I , Wardayani A , Dasril Y 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, an Adams type inequality of fractional integral operator will be presented on the generalized Morrey spaces over commutative hypergroups. This inequality needs an estimation of the fractional integral operator by the maximal operator. Besides, the almost decreasing of functions and Ahlfors condition of the measure are also involved.
Regular rings and their properties
Authors: Wardayani A , Kharismawati I , Sihwaningrum I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we present some properties of regular rings. The properties are developed from the properties of regular semigroups. The properties of regular rings here are especially related to the center of the rings, division rings, Boolean rings, commutative rings, and subrings. The division and Boolean rings must be regular rings. The center of a regular ring is also a regular ring. A regular ring has to be a commutative ring. In addition, a subring of a regular ring is also a regular ring.
Removal of rhodamine b using 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylcalix[4]resorcinarene
Authors: Handayani S N , Irmanto  , Indriyani N N 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Rhodamine B is one of the dyes that is widely used in the textile industry. However, the rhodamine B waste produced is dangerous for the environment. So, it must be treated propely. Adsorption is a simple method that can be used in waste water treatmen. In the present study, the adsorbent used is 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylcalix[4]resorcinarene (CHMFKR) which is synthesis from vanillin and resorcinol. The yield of product was synthesis is 85.707%. The removal of rhodamine B by calix[4]resorcinarene was investigated in the present study. Adsorption studies were performed by batch experiments. The effect of contact time, pH, initial dye concentration was explored. The optimum conditions at contac time 75 minutes and pH 7. The adsorption kinetics of rhodamine B using calix[4]resorcinarene followed second pseudo order. The isotherm study showed that adsorption rhodamine B using 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycalix[4]resorcinarene followed Freundlich isotherm with adsorption energy of -33598.02 J/mol, kf value 1.29 x 10−6 L/mol and qmaks 6.157 mg/g.
Triterpenoid and Steroid from the Rind of Chisocheton macrophyllus (Meliaceae)
Authors: Sari V M , Nurlelasari  , Harneti D , maharani R , Indrayati N , Azmi M N , Supratman U 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Terpenoids form numerous and structurally diverse family of secondary metabolites derived from C5 isoprene units joined in a head-to-tail fashion. Among the terpenoids, triterpenoids emerge as a unique and large group of phytochemicals. There is secondary metabolites steroid, which is modified triterpenoids containing tetracyclic ring system but losing three methyl at C-4 and C-14. Triterpenoids and steroids can be obtained in the family Meliaceae. The Chisocheton genus which is part of the Meliaceae family is known for secondary metabolites, such as terpenoids, phenolics, and steroids. The purpose of this research is to isolate and to elucidate triterpenoids and steroid compounds from rind of Chisocheton macrophyllus. Stigmastane-type steroid Stigmast-22-en-3β-ol (1) and pentacyclic triterpenoid moronic acid (2), were isolated from the n-hexane extract of the rind of C. macrophyllus using column chromatography. The chemical structures of compounds 1-2, were identified on the basis of spectroscopic evidence and by comparison with those spectra previously.
The pH dependence of Ag3PO4 synthesis on visible light photocatalytic activities
Authors: Futihah I , Riapanitra A , Yin S , Sulaeman U 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Ag3PO4 morphology modification may affect the photocatalytic activity due to changing the surface energy. It may be designed by coprecipitation under different pH solutions. The pH dependence of Ag3PO4 synthesis on photocatalytic reactivities was investigated. The Ag3PO4 photocatalysts were synthesized in water-ethanol mixture solution under variation of pH from 3 to 11. The products were characterized using XRD, DRS, SEM, and BET specific surface area. Photocatalytic activities were studied using the degradation of RhB under visible light irradiation. The results showed that the mixed morphologies of the sphere, cube, tetrahedron, and irregular were formed. The highest activity of Ag3PO4 was obtained from the synthesis at a pH of 11, which may be caused by a smaller particle size and a higher amount of tetrahedron.
Effect of ultraviolet and visible lights on degradation of congo red dye using Fe2+/H2O2
Authors: Tama J , Riyani K , Setyaningtyas T 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Congo Red is one of the reactive dyes that often used in the textile industry. The presence of Congo red dyes in the environment can damage various living species because of high toxicity. One alternative method to degrade the Congo red is Fenton Reagent. Fenton reagent is defined as a mixture of H2O2 and Fe2+. The Fenton reagent produces a hydroxyl radical (HO •), which degrades Congo red dyes under light irradiation; this reaction is called the Photo-Fenton reaction. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of visible and ultraviolet irradiation on Congo Red degradation using the Fe2+/H2O2. The results showed that the optimum condition of degradation achieved at 350 ppm, 400 ppm for H2O2 and FeSO4.7H2O concentration, respectively, and pH 3. The kinetics analysis showed that the Congo Red degradation followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics, and Congo Red degradation under UV light showed the highest rate constant.
Introducing Iron Analysis with Smartphone Camera for High School Students
Authors: Fatoni A , Zusfahair  , Anggraeni M D 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Chemical analysis studies how to analyze both qualitative and quantitative materials. Analysis based on color differences, also known as colorimetry. The basic theory of the analysis is generally given to high school and university students. However, only a few schools practice the theory because of the limitations of expensive instruments. The limitations of expensive instruments have stimulated research to utilize simple daily life devices as alternative of analytical instruments, such as cameras on smartphones, pocket cameras, professional cameras (DSLRs) and scanners. This work reported the use of a smartphone camera (handphone) as a colorimetric iron analysis tool by comparing the color of the sample solution with the standard iron solution. The study starts with the explanation of basic theory of spectrometry and colorimetry, followed by experiments using smartphone cameras for iron analysis using an analysis kit containing o-phenanthroline. The results showed an increase in students and teachers high school knowledge.
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship Analysis of 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives as Anti-Inflamatory using Parameterized Model 3 Method
Authors: Iswanto Ponco , Permata Saputri Maylani , Eva Vaulina Y.D. , Paramita Sari 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Quantitative Relationship Structure and Activity Relationship (QSAR) studies conducted on the anti-inflammatory activity of a series of 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives which aim to obtain an equation to predict the value of the anti-inflammatory activity of. As research material was experimental biological activity data of 28 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives which were divided into 25 fitting compounds and 3 test compounds. QSAR analysis was carried out based on multiple linear regression calculations of fitting compounds by plotting log BA as the dependent variable and the independent variable was the net charge of carbon and nitrogen atoms bound to the dressing group, dipole moment (µ), HOMO-LUMO, Log P, molecular weight, polarizability, hydration energy, and van der waals volume. The value of descriptors was obtained from calculations using the PM3 semi-empirical quantum mechanical method. The result of QSAR equation was:
Log BA = 68.112 − 8.482 (qC1) + 14.764 (qC15) + 1.071 (Log P) − 0.018 (MW) − 0.484 (µ) − 4.427E-5 (Polarizability) − 0.561 (E. Hydration) + 7.843 (HOMO) − 1.489 (LUMO)
n = 28, r = 0.861, SE = 0.170098, Fcalculate / Ftable = 2.02116, PRESS = 1.9665