bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MAP9 Loss Triggers Chromosomal Instability, Initiates Colorectal Tumorigenesis, and Is Associated with Poor Survival of Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Shiyan , Huang Junzhe , Li Chuangen , Zhao Liuyang , Wong Chi Chun , Zhai Jianning , Zhou Yunfei , Deng Wen , Zeng Yong , Gao Shanshan , Zhang Yanquan , Wang Guoping , Guan Xin Yuan , Wei Hong , Wong Sunny H. , He Housheng H. , Shay Jerry W. , Yu Jun 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a common phenomenon in colorectal cancer, but its role and underlying cause remain unknown. We have identified that mitotic regulator microtubule-associated protein 9 (MAP9) is a critical regulator of CIN in colorectal cancer. We thus studied the effect of MAP9 loss on colorectal cancer in Map9-knockout mice and in cell lines.

Experimental Design:
We generated colon epithelial–specific Map9-knockout mice and evaluated colorectal cancer development. Effect of Map9 knockout on colorectal cancer progression was determined in chemical or ApcMin/+-induced colorectal cancer. Molecular mechanism of MAP9 was determined using spectral karyotyping, microtubule assays, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Clinical significance of MAP9 was examined in 141 patients with CRC.

Results:
Spontaneous colonic tumors (9.1%) were developed in colon epithelium–specific Map9-knockout mice at 17 months, but none was observed in wild-type littermates. Map9 deletion accelerated colorectal cancer formation both in ApcMin/+ mice and azoxymethane-treated mice, and reduced survival in ApcMin/+ mice. Mechanistically, MAP9 stabilized microtubules and mediated mitotic spindle assembly. MAP9 also maintained the spindle pole integrity and protected K-fiber from depolymerization at spindle poles. MAP9 loss induced severe mitosis failure, chromosome segregation errors, and aneuploidy, leading to transformation of normal colon epithelial cells. WGS confirmed enhanced CIN in intestinal tumors from Map9 knockout ApcMin/+ mice. In patients with colorectal cancer, MAP9 was frequently silenced and its downregulation was associated with poor survival.

Conclusions:
MAP9 is a microtubule stabilizer that contributes to spindle stability and inhibits colorectal tumorigenesis, supporting the role of MAP9 as a tumor suppressor for preventing CIN in colorectal cancer.
UBE2C Is Upregulated by Estrogen and Promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition via p53 in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhao Rong , Chi Shuqi , Zhang Wei , Xiao Chengyu , Zhou Xing , Zhao Yingchao , Wang Hongbo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C (UBE2C) plays important roles in tumor progression; nevertheless, its function in endometrial cancer remains unclear. This study elucidated the impact of UBE2C on endometrial cancer and its underlying mechanism. Human endometrial cancer and normal endometrial tissues were acquired from patients at Wuhan Union Hospital and UBE2C expression was detected by Western blotting and qRT-PCR. Endometrial cancer cells were transfected with a UBE2C overexpression plasmid or UBE2C-specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to up- or downregulate UBE2C expression, respectively. CCK8 and transwell assays were applied to assess the effects of UBE2C on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. We found a significant elevation of UBE2C expression in patients with endometrial cancer, and that UBE2C upregulation was associated with advanced histologic grade, FIGO stage, recurrence, and shorter overall survival. UBE2C knockdown inhibited endometrial cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas UBE2C overexpression exerted the opposite effects. UBE2C downregulation increased p53 and its downstream p21 expression, with p53 overexpression reversing the EMT-promoting effects of UBE2C. UBE2C enhanced p53 ubiquitination to facilitate its degradation in endometrial cancer cells. Estradiol (E2) induced UBE2C expression via estrogen receptor α, which binds directly to the UBE2C promoter element. Silencing of UBE2C inhibited E2-promoted migration, invasion, and EMT in vitro and in vivo.

Implications:
UBE2C-mediated tumor EMT promotion by estrogen is a novel mechanism for the progression of estrogen-induced endometrial cancer, which could offer new biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy of endometrial cancer in the future.
Combined Exosomal GPC1, CD82, and Serum CA19-9 as Multiplex Targets: A Specific, Sensitive, and Reproducible Detection Panel for the Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Xiao Dong , Dong Zhanjun , Zhen Linqing , Xia Guanggai , Huang Xinyu , Wang Tiezhong , Guo Huaibin , Yang Binhui , Xu Cheng , Wu Weiwei , Zhao Xiaoyu , Xu Hong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal malignancy with poor prognosis due to the lack of early symptoms and resultant late diagnosis. Thus, it is extremely urgent to establish a simple and effective method for the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Although some studies have provided positive evidence for the use of exosomal surface protein glypican-1 (GPC1) as a biomarker for early screening, its clinical application is still controversial. Here, we systematically verified the role of exosomal GPC1 as a potential screening biomarker. First, bottleneck problems of a stable detection method and an identification standard were systematically studied, and a Python-based standardized data processing method was established to analyze exosomal GPC1 expression. Second, a detection panel consisting of exosomal GPC1, exosomal cluster of differentiation 82 (CD82), and serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) was employed for pancreatic cancer detection. This panel exhibited excellent diagnostic results (AUC = 0.942) and could effectively distinguish healthy people from patients with pancreatic cancer (P value threshold = 0.2282) and patients with pancreatitis from patients with pancreatic cancer (P value threshold = 0.5467).

Implications:
These results indicate that the combined detection of exosomal GPC1, exosomal CD82, and serum CA19-9 shows great promise as a standard method for pancreatic cancer detection and that this panel could be further applied for screening pancreatic cancer in Chinese populations.
Sinc Collocation Linked with Finite Differences for Korteweg-de Vries Fractional Equation
Authors: Al-Khaled Kamel 
Published: October 2019

<span>A novel numerical method is proposed for Korteweg-de Vries<br />Fractional Equation. The fractional derivatives are described based<br />on the Caputo sense. We construct the solution using different<br />approach, that is based on using collocation techniques. The method combining a finite difference approach in the time-fractional<br />direction, and the Sinc-Collocation in the space direction, where<br />the derivatives are replaced by the necessary matrices, and a system of algebraic equations is obtained to approximate solution of the problem. Some numerical results are shown to demonstrate the efficiency of the newly proposed method. The numerical results are shown to demonstrate the efficiency of the newly proposed method. Easy and economical implementation is the strength of this method.</span>
Modeling and Simulation of Triple Coupled Cantilever Sensor for Mass Sensing Applications
Authors: Siddaiah Nalluri , Reddy D.V. Rama Koti , Sankar Y. Bhavani , Kumar R. Anil , Pakdast Hossein 
Published: October 2019

Cantilever sensors have been the growing attention in last decades and their use as a mass detector. This work presents design, modeling and analysis of Triple coupled cantilever(TCC) sensor using MEMS simulation software Comsol Multiphysics with critical dimensions of 100μm length,20μm width and 2μm thickness. Simulations were performed based on finite element modeling techniques, where different resonant frequencies were observed for different modes of operation. It is also observed that the resonant frequency of the sensor decreases as some mass is applied on one particular cantilever. The various parameters greatly affecting the performance of TCC such as resonant frequency, dimensions, material and pressure or force applied on it.we also observed that while adding some mass on any one lateral cantilever, the resonant frequency of that respective mode reduced.
A Spanning Tree Approach in Placing Multi-channel and Minimum Channel PMU’s for Power System Observability
Authors: Mandava Srihari , J Vanishree , V Ramesh 
Published: October 2019

Synchronized phasor measurements have become the measurement technique of choice for electric power systems. They provide positive sequence voltage and current measurements synchronized to within a microsecond. The objective is to use the spanning tree approach and tree search technique for optimal placement of multichannel and minimum channel synchronized phasor measurement units (PMUs) in order to have full observability of Power System. The novel concept of depth of observability is used and its impact on the number of PMU placements is explained. The spanning tree approach is used for the power system graphs and a tree search technique is used for finding the optimal location of PMUs. This is tested on IEEE-14 and IEEE-30 bus system. The same technique is modified to optimally place minimum channel PMUs on the same IEEE-14 and IEEE-30 bus systems. Matlab tool has been used for fulfilling the objective.
Security against Timing Analysis Attack
Authors: Rani Deevi Radha , Venkateswarlu S 
Published: October 2019

Timing attack is the type of side-channel attack involves the time taken to complete critical operations. Securing crypto processor from timing attack is critical issue. This paper implements the Bernstein’s Timing Attack and timing attack based on hamming weight. The countermeasures of Bernstein’s Timing attack are implemented in our experimental test bed and their performance is compared. This paper also proposes the key recovery method based on timing attack using hamming weight of the key.
Unbalanced Variable Nonlinear Load Compensation Using Multiple Shunt Active Filters
Authors: Janyavula Deepthi , Saxena Satyendra Nath 
Published: October 2019

<span>The proposed scheme has considered a three-phase four-wire system, which experienced sag and swell in source voltage for a certain period while feeding an unbalanced and variable non-linear load. The load has unequal resistive and reactive elements in the three phases, forming the unbalanced component. A three-phase silicon controlled rectifier converter with adjustable firing angle connected to the load has formed the variable non-linear component. This has been considered, so as to simulate the unbalanced and variable non-linear nature of loads in real-time power system. The trends in the total harmonic distortion variation were obtained for the proposed system under power factor correction and voltage regulation mode operation when the load-side converter firing angles of 30°, 60° and 90° were considered using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Three pulse-width-modulation methods, namely, sinusoidal pulse-width-modulation, space vector modulation and hysteresis pulse-width-modulation have been used to generate pulses for the voltage source converter of the shunt active filter based on the reference currents generated using synchronous reference frame theory. It has been demonstrated in the proposed paper that power factor correction, voltage regulation, better harmonic reduction and hence load compensation are obtained simultaneously by using two SAFs.</span><br />
Loss Minimization of Power Distribution Network using Different Types of Distributed Generation Unit
Authors: Win Su Hlaing , Lai Swe Pyone 
Published: October 2019

A Radial Distribution network is important in power system area because of its simple design and reduced cost. Reduction of system losses and improvement of voltage profile is one of the key aspects in power system operation. Distributed generators are beneficial in reducing losses effectively in distribution systems as compared to other methods of loss reduction. Sizing and location of DG sources places an important role in reducing losses in distribution network. Four types of DG are considered in this paper with one DG installed for minimize the total real and reactive power losses. The objective of this methodology is to calculate size and to identify the corresponding optimum location for DG placement for minimizing the total real and reactive power losses and to improve voltage profile in primary distribution system. It can obtain maximum loss reduction for each of four types of optimally placed DGs. Optimal sizing of Distributed Generation can be calculated using exact loss formula and an efficient approach is used to determine the optimum location for Distributed Generation Placement. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach 36-bus radial distribution system in Belin Substation in Myanmar was tested and validated with different sizes and the result was discussed.
Modeling of Split Ring Resonators loaded microstrip line with different orientations
Authors: Rajni Rajni , Singh Gurwinder , Marwaha Anupma 
Published: October 2019

<p>This paper presents the different circuit approaches of the electric and magnetic interaction of Single Split Ring Resonator (SRR) loaded microstrip line. We loaded the microstrip line with planar square split ring resonator in different configurations and orientations. The modeling behavior of metamaterials-based microstrip lines loaded with single and two-mirrored split ring resonators is analyzed numerically in two orientations (with gap of SRR parallel and perpendicular to the line). The full wave simulations are performed for the single and two-mirrored split ring resonators loaded microstrip inside a waveguide with ‘High Frequency Structure Simulator’ software.<strong> </strong>The equivalent circuit parameters are obtained for the single split ring resonator loaded with microstrip line with the gap parallel and near to the line from transmission line theory that make use of just the resonance frequency and minimum of the reflection coefficient.<strong> </strong>The simulation of different orientations of split ring resonator gives better reflection coefficient and wider frequency.</p>
Dynamic Time Slice Calculation for Round Robin Process Scheduling Using NOC
Authors: Siva Nageswara Rao G , Srinivasu N. , Srinivasu S.V.N. , Koteswara Rao G. Rama 
Published: October 2019

<p>Process scheduling means allocating a certain amount of CPU time to each of the user processes. One of the popular scheduling algorithms is the “Round Robin” algorithm, which allows each and every process to utilize the CPU for short time duration. Processes which finish executing during the time slice are removed from the ready queue. Processes which do not complete execution during the specified time slice are removed from the front of the queue, and placed at the rear end of the queue. This paper presents an improvisation to the traditional round robin scheduling algorithm, by proposing a new method. The new method represents the time slice as a function of the burst time of the waiting process in the ready queue. Fixing the time slice for a process is a crucial factor, because it subsequently influences many performance parameters like turnaround time, waiting time, response time and the frequency of context switches. Though the time slot is fixed for each process, this paper explores the fine-tuning of the time slice for processes which do not complete in the stipulated time allotted to them.</p>
Anti-Phishing Techniques in Cryptography
Authors: Nanda Akshey , Gupta Himanshu 
Published: October 2019

<p>Phishing is a process in which Phishers try to leak out the credentials of users by hosting a fake web page on user's browser. To save users from phishing attacks, many researchers have dug deep and presented their insights. Nowadays, in the era of 21<sup>st</sup> century, banks are using the OTP and visual cryptography for the authentication of both sides i.e. user and the bank. In this paper, we are proposing a methodology in which a user will need to give his finger prints as an authentication.</p>
Key Software Metrics and its Impact on each other for Software Development Projects
Authors: Bhardwaj Mridul , Rana Ajay 
Published: October 2019

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 115%; font-size: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Every software development project is unique and different from repeatable manufacturing process. Each software project share different challenges related to technology, people and timelines. If every project is unique, how project manager can estimate project in a consistent way by applying his past experience. One of the major challenges faced by the project manager is to identify the key software metrics to control and monitor the project execution. Each software development project may be unique but share some common metric that can be used to control and monitor the project execution. These metrics are software size, effort, project duration and productivity. These metrics tells project manager about what to deliver (size), how it was delivered in past (productivity) and how long will it take to deliver with current team capability (time and effort). In this paper, we explain the relationship among these key metrics and how they statistically impact each other. These relationships have been derived based on the data published in book “Practical Software Estimation” by International Software Benchmarking Group. This paper also explains how these metrics can be used in predicting the total number of defects. Study suggests that out of the four key software metrics software size significantly impact the other three metrics (project effort, duration and productivity). Productivity does not significantly depend on the software size but it represents the nonlinear relationship with software size and maximum team size, hence, it is recommended not to have a very big team size as it might impact the overall productivity. Total project duration only depends on the software size and it does not depend on the maximum team size. It implies that we cannot reduce project duration by increasing the team size. This fact is contrary to the perception that we can reduce the project duration by increasing the project team size. We can conclude that software size is the important metrics and a significant effort must be put during project initiation phases to estimate the project size. As software size will help in estimating the project duration and project efforts so error in estimating the software size will have significant impact on the accuracy of project duration and effort. All these key metrics must be re-calibrated during the project development life cycle. </span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></strong></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: justify;"> </p>
3LRM-3 Layer Risk Mitigation Modelling of ICT Software Development Projects
Authors: Firdose Salma , Rao L. Manjunath 
Published: October 2019

With the adoption of new technology and quality standards, the software development firms are still encountering the critical issues of risk modelling. With the changing dynamics of customer needs, potential competition has being mushrooming in the global IT markets to relay a new standard of software engineering which has higher capability of sustaining risk. However, till date, it is still theoretical to large extent from research viewpoint. Hence, this paper presents a mathematical model called as 3LRM that is designed with the simple approach keeping in mind the real-time issues of risk factors in software engineering for ICT software development project. The study has also identified requirement volatility as one of the prominent source of risk and hence, the framework intends to identify a risk as well as mitigating the risk to a large extent. The paper is illustrated with some of the simple statistical approaches of random probability.
Multi-input DC-AC Inverter for Hybrid Renewable Energy Power System
Authors: Rosli Mohd Azman , Yahaya Nor Zaihar , Baharudin Zuhairi 
Published: October 2019

The objective of this paper is to design a multi-input dc-ac inverter integrated photovoltaic array, wind turbine and fuel cell in order to simplify the hybrid power system and reduce the cost. The output power characteristics of the photovoltaic array, wind turbine and fuel cell are introduced. The operational principle and technical details of the proposed multi-input dc-ac inverter is then explained. The proposed inverter consists of a three input flyback dc-dc converter and a single phase full bridge dc-ac inverter. The control strategy for the proposed inverter to distribute the power reasonably to the sources and it achieved a priority of the new energy utilization is discussed. This multi-input dc-ac inverter is capable of being operated in five conditions and power delivered to the ac load can be either individually or simultaneously. First to third condition occurs when the power delivered from either renewable energy sources individually, fourth condition happens when power is demanded from two sources simultaneously, and finally when power are available from three sources simultaneously. The proposed inverter has been simulated by employing NI Multisim 12.0 circuit simulator.
Designing and Simulation of Surrounding Supporting Multicast Routing Protocol
Authors: Mahaboob Jani Shaik , Umar Syed , Prasada Rao P.V.R.D , Gutta Sridevi 
Published: October 2019

In the Wireless sensor networks having of multi-hop transmission in the Adhoc networks. These Adhoc networks having advantages of limited bandwidth and mobility which is more useful for the changing of and usage of various protocols, so that these Adhoc networks having energy conservation, simple to construct, robustness. In this paper we are proposing a new protocol called Surrounding supporting multicast routing protocol [SSMRP]. This protocol uses the mesh networks to enhance the resilience against change of node. This SSMRP utilizes the node locality which reduces the overhead of the route maintenance and it also reduces the route for good data transmissions. In this paper we clearly explain how the data will be delivered efficiently by reducing the overheads.
Use of Photovoltaics in Microgrid as Energy Source and Control Method Using MATLAB/SIMULINK
Authors: Rahman Sumaiya , Rahman Hasimah Abdul 
Published: October 2019

<p>Microgrid in power system has drawn wide attention due to its significant benefits in terms of sustainable energy system in recent years. This approach is the most economical alternative to conventional energy system which uses Renewable Energy (RE) resources. RE sources ensure pollution free and clean environment by emitting zero CO<sub>2</sub>. This paper proposes a design of a microgrid system using solar photovoltaics (PV) as the Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and a controlling method for managing the components of microgrid by using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results show that microgrid system is promising as alternative to replace the fossil fuel based energy system. Integration of an effective controller can help to manage the loads and resources, resulting in more stable and reliable. </p>