bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paleotemperatures and recurrent habitat shifts drive diversification of treefrogs across distinct biodiversity hotspots in sub‐Amazonian South America
Authors: Vasconcellos Mariana M. , Colli Guarino R. , Cannatella David C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimWe investigate the biogeographical history and diversification in a treefrog lineage distributed in contrasting (open and forested) ecoregions of South America, including three biodiversity hotspots. We evaluate the role of dispersal and whether other factors such as diversity‐dependence or paleotemperatures could explain the diversification pattern for this group. Especially focusing on the savanna endemics, we illuminate the processes governing the species assembly and evolution of the Cerrado savanna.LocationSouth American ecoregions south of the Amazon (i.e. Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Araucaria Forest, Pampas, Central and Southern Andes).TaxonBoana pulchella group.MethodsWe built the most complete time‐calibrated phylogeny for the group to date. We then reconstructed ancestral ranges using the dispersal‐extinction‐cladogenesis (DEC) model comparing different dispersal scenarios considering distance, adjacency and ecological similarity among regions. Centre‐of‐origin hypotheses in forest and open ecoregions were also tested. Using biogeographical stochastic mapping, we additionally estimated the contribution of range shifts across different biomes. Lastly, we evaluated several diversification models, including the effect of time, diversity‐dependence and temperature‐dependence on speciation and extinction rates.ResultsThe Boana pulchella group originated during the Early Miocene (~17.5 MYA) and underwent high speciation rates during the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum, with a decreasing trend following the Miocene Climatic Transition. We found no support for a single ecoregion acting as a centre of origin and diversification; instead, we inferred recurrent range shifts with dispersal among dissimilar adjacent ecoregions. Speciation linearly dependent on paleotemperatures, with either no or very low constant extinction rates, best explained the slowdown diversification pattern.Main conclusionsOur results support a species assembly of Cerrado savanna in South America during the Miocene with intermittent interchange with rain forest habitats. Past climate changes impacted the rate new species originated with apparently no impact on extinction. Finally, the repeated habitat shifts among open/dry and forested/humid ecoregions, rather than long‐term in‐situ diversification in single areas, highlights the very dynamic historical interchange between contrasting habitats in South America, possibly contributing to its high species diversity.
High thematic resolution land use change models refine biodiversity scenarios: A case study with Belgian bumblebees
Authors: Marshall Leon , Beckers Veronique , Vray Sarah , Rasmont Pierre , Vereecken Nicolas J. , Dendoncker Nicolas 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimProjections of biodiversity scenarios often rely solely on climate change to inform species distribution shifts in the future. Land use projections are rarely used due to their unavailability and, when available, are often at coarse spatial and thematic resolutions, making them unsuitable to capture fine scale habitat suitability. This study aims to (a) show how coupled land use change (LUC) models of high thematic resolution (HTR) can be used in species distribution models (SDM), (b) compare the impacts of HTR and low thematic resolution (LTR) explanatory predictors on biodiversity scenarios and (c) assess the impact of species' present area of occupancy on the effect of thematic resolution in SDMs.LocationBelgiumTaxonBumblebees (Bombus)MethodsWe compared species distribution models with 17 land use predictors (HTR) against models with 5 land use predictors (LTR). We modelled the distribution of 17 bumblebee species in Belgium projected until 2035. We examined how model performance, variable importance and projections of distribution change differed depending on the thematic resolution of the land use predictors.ResultsOverall, HTR models performed better than LTR models. LTR models predicted greater extent per species. HTR projected a greater percentage of range gains, and both models projected similar losses of suitable habitat. However, the percentage loss and connectivity of suitable habitats varied differently for HTR and LTR models along a gradient of rare to common species. The HTR models projected greater loss of suitable areas for rare species and less loss for common species compared to LTR models.Main conclusionsThese results illustrate the importance of using ecologically relevant explanatory variables in SDMs, particularly for rare and localized species with specific habitat requirements. The results also indicate the need for large‐scale LUC projections to improve future biodiversity scenarios under climate change and to improve the ability of conservationists and policymakers to use SDM projections.
Predation by invasive rainbow trout on the critically endangered Pehuenche spiny‐chest frog
Authors: Zarco Agustín , Corbalán Valeria , Debandi Guillermo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Pehuenche spiny‐chest frog Alsodes pehuenche is an endemic species from the Andes of Argentina and Chile and is considered to be critically endangered. Its population has been declining over the past 10 years, principally as a consequence of the paving of a road that crosses the streams the frog inhabits. Until recently, exotic fish species had not been recorded in these streams. This study documents the presence of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mikyss) in one of these streams and predation on the endangered frog species.
Donsol: an important reproductive habitat for the world's largest fish Rhincodon typus?
Authors: Miranda Joni A. , Yates Natasha , Agustines Ariana , Enolva Nonie P. , Labaja Jessica , Legaspi Christine , McCoy Emer , Ponzo Alessandro , Snow Sally , Araujo Gonzalo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLittle is known about the reproductive ecology of the whale shark Rhincodon typus. On 15 March 2020, a free‐swimming neonate whale shark was found in the shallow, coastal waters of Donsol, Philippines. The total length of the male shark was 60 cm, falling within the species known size‐at‐birth. This is the third occurrence of neonatal whale sharks reported in the area, and coupled with the occurrence of juveniles and adults, and anecdotal mating and precopulatory behaviour reported herein, the importance of the site for this endangered species is highlighted.
Advances in understanding the impacts of global warming on marine fishes farmed offshore: Sparus aurata as a case study
Authors: Feidantsis Konstantinos , Pörtner Hans O. , Giantsis Ioannis A. , Michaelidis Basile 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMonitoring variations in proteins involved in metabolic processes, oxidative stress responses, cell signalling and protein homeostasis is a powerful tool for developing hypotheses of how environmental variations affect marine organisms' physiology and biology. According to the oxygen‐ and capacity‐limited thermal tolerance hypothesis, thermal acclimation mechanisms such as adjusting the activities of enzymes of intermediary metabolism and of antioxidant defence mechanisms, inducing heat shock proteins (Hsps) or activating mitogen‐activated protein kinases may all shift tolerance windows. Few studies have, however, investigated the molecular, biochemical and organismal responses by fishes to seasonal temperature variations in the field to link these to laboratory findings. Investigation of the impacts of global warming on fishes farmed offsore, in the open sea, can provide a stepping stone towards understanding effects on wild populations because they experience similar environmental fluctuations. Over the last 30 years, farming of the gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata (Linnaeus 1758) has become widespread along the Mediterranean coastline, rendering this species a useful case study. Based on available information, the prevailing seasonal temperature variations expose the species to the upper and lower limits of its thermal range. Evidence for this includes oxygen restriction, reduced feeding, reduced responsiveness to environmental stimuli, plus a range of molecular and biochemical indicators that change across the thermal range. Additionally, close relationships between biochemical pathways and seasonal patterns of metabolism indicate a connection between energy demand and metabolic processes on the one hand, and cellular stress responses such as oxidative stress, inflammation and autophagy on the other. Understanding physiological responses to temperature fluctuations in fishes farmed offshore can provide crucial background information for the conservation and successful management of aquaculture resources in the face of global change.
Variation of body condition and plasma energy substrates with life stage, sex, and season in wild‐sampled nurse sharks Ginglymostoma cirratum
Authors: Moorhead Shannon G. , Gallagher Austin J. , Merly Liza , Hammerschlag Neil 
Published: November 2020

AbstractReported here are the relationships among morphological (i.e., body condition) and biochemical (i.e., plasma concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, free fatty acids, and ketone bodies and ketone body ratios) parameters related to energy storage and use, as well as the variation of such parameters, for 107 free‐ranging nurse sharks Ginglymostoma cirratum sampled off South Florida. Immature G. cirratum exhibited a higher variance in body condition, plasma free fatty acid concentrations and ketone body ratios compared to adults. Mature female G. cirratum had significantly higher body condition than mature males, driven by a seasonal increase in mature female body condition during the wet season. Mature male G. cirratum showed a decrease in the ketone body β‐hydroxybutyric acid during the dry season. Taken together, this study provides a baseline assessment of body condition and internal physiological state for a data‐poor marine species and demonstrates significant ontogenetic, sexual and seasonal variation in G. cirratum energetic state. As concluded by other studies of energy metabolism in free‐ranging sharks, this research highlights the importance of considering intraspecific patterns and sampling context for inferring the drivers of variation.
Way of being and the therapeutic pyramid: Expanding the application of a common factors meta‐model
Authors: Davis Sean D. , Fife Stephen T. , Whiting Jason B. , Bradford Kay P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCommon factors proponents have suggested the need for principle‐based meta‐models to explain how various factors interact with each other to produce change. The therapeutic pyramid is a common factors meta‐model that outlines how therapeutic skills and techniques, the therapeutic alliance, and a therapist's way of being interactive to produce therapeutic change. Skills and techniques occupy the smallest top portion of the pyramid, with the therapeutic alliance in the middle and a therapist's way of being forming the foundation of the pyramid. The success of any layer rests on the quality of the immediately underlying layer. This study illustrates the broad applicability of common factors meta‐models by applying the therapeutic pyramid to couples therapy, family therapy, training and supervision, and professional ethics.
“Is it us or is it me?”: Family experiences of connectedness following a reflecting team intervention
Authors: Browne Dillon T. , Norona Jerika , Busch Amy , Armstrong Keith , Crouch Sarah , Ernst Teo , Darrow Sabrina , Smith Jackson A. , Ihle Eva C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe present study examined family‐wide versus individual perceptions of, and changes in, family connectedness in response to a one‐time reflecting team (RT) intervention. Seventy‐six families (N = 208 individuals), recruited during family therapy, completed family connectedness measures before and after the RT intervention. A subset of adults (n = 26) completed 1‐week follow‐up measures. Three‐level (family, individual, time) multilevel models were used to partition sources of variance in connectedness while permitting different fixed and random effects for adults and minors. Results indicate that family connectedness is a characteristic of whole‐families (34% of the variance), individuals (43%), and change over time (23%), including measurement error. Additionally, participants reported higher family connectedness after the RT. This study demonstrates the importance of considering family connectedness as a multilevel relationship construct that potentially changes in response to RT.
Plantation Politics, Paranoia, and Public Health on the Frontlines of America's COVID‐19 Response
Authors: Oyarzun Yesmar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract“Plantation politics” pervade multiple institutions in the United States, including public health. Drawing from my experience working as a volunteer at drive‐thru COVID testing sites in the United States, I critically examine the relationship between public health, the military, and capitalism when racial slavery serves as the sociopolitical backdrop of everyday life. I ponder what it means for Black people to toil for a country, in the midst of an emergent communicable disease outbreak, that would weeks later launch into protests for and debates about their entitlements to freedom, safety, and security. Starting from experiences of Black women on the frontlines, I reveal complexities that underlie and undermine notions of care as altruistic, natural, or ethical “in the wake” of chattel slavery and in the midst of racial capitalism.
Exploring The Netley British Red Cross Magazine: An example of the development of nursing and patient care during the First World War
Authors: Serrano‐Fuentes Nestor , Andina‐Diaz Elena 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNetley Hospital played a crucial role in caring for the wounded during the nineteenth century and twentieth century, becoming one of the busiest military hospitals of the time. Simultaneously, Florence Nightingale delved into the concept of health and developed the theoretical basis of nursing. This research aims to describe the experiences related to nursing and patient care described in The Netley British Red Cross Magazine during the First World War. The analysis displays different nurses' roles and the influence of environmental factors in the delivery of the soldiers' care. There are indications that Nightingale's ideas would have infiltrated the nursing practices and other aspects of the soldiers' recovery at Netley. The history of the Netley Red Cross Hospital shows the theoretical and practical advancement of nursing care towards a holistic approach.
‘There's something about sustainability’: The discursive dynamics of policy reform
Authors: Ainsworth Susan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSustainability is now among the hegemonic discourses used by government to construct problems and policy beyond the environmental domain. Detached from its origins, it functions as an ‘empty signifier’ whose flexibility and ambiguity can be harnessed in policy‐making and political debate. This article uses an Australian case study to show how sustainability discourse was mobilized to justify reversing a previous decision and raise the age at which the publicly funded aged pension could be accessed. Overall, it contributes to understanding how hegemonic intervention is accomplished by tracing discursive processes over time and amongst different texts, helping to identify shifts and turning points in trajectories of policy reform and political debate. I conclude by arguing that the use of sustainability discourse warrants particular critical attention because it signals broader difficulties in imagining alternative collective futures and considering the costs and consequences arising from current arrangements.
Advantages of feeling appreciated: An examination of how receipt of gratitude influences the linkages betweenPSMand behaviour
Authors: Davis Randall S. , Stazyk Edmund C. , Dickman Zachary T. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this article, we examine several situational factors that condition the relationship between public service motivation (PSM) and organizational behaviours. Specifically, we examine how the receipt of gratitude and appreciation is associated with the complex relationships between PSM, work attitudes and turnover intent. We analyse the conditional indirect effects from PSM to turnover intent with a series of structural equation models using data from the 2010 US Merit Systems Protection Board. Our findings indicate that the relationship between PSM and blaming others for diminished performance capacity is moderated by feeling appreciated, which conditions the indirect relationship to turnover intent. In other words, increases in PSM appear to lead individuals to internalize diminished performance capacity and remain with their organization as long as they believe their work is appreciated. These findings provide guidance for structuring feedback to capitalize on the benefits of PSM.
Increased substrate availability reveals the potential of scentless lisianthus flowers in producing fragrant benzenoid‐phenylpropanoids
Authors: Fang Fang , Oliva Moran , Ovadia Rinat , Bar Einat , Nissim‐Levi Ada , Kumar Varun , Wang Ru , Neeman Agmon , Zaccai Michele , Lewinsohn Efraim , Oren‐Shamir Michal 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum), a leading plant in the cut flower industry, is scentless. Here we show that lisianthus flowers have potential to produce several fragrant benzenoid‐phenylpropanoids when substrate availability is not limited. To enable hyperaccumulation of substrates for the production of volatile benzenoid‐phenylpropanoids, lisianthus commercial hybrid “Excalibur Pink” was transformed via floral dipping with a feedback‐insensitive Escherichia coli DAHP synthase (AroG*) and Clarkia breweri benzyl alcohol acetyltransferase (BEAT), under constitutive promoters. The T1 progeny of “Excalibur Pink” plants segregated into four visual phenotypes, with pink or white colored petals and multiple or single petal layers. Interestingly, transformation with AroG* and BEAT caused no significant effect in the pigment composition among phenotypes, but did increase the levels of down‐stream fragrant volatile benzenoids. All the transgenic lines exclusively accumulated methyl benzoate, a fragrant benzenoid, either in their petals or leaves. Furthermore, feeding with benzyl alcohol resulted in the accumulation of two novel benzenoids, benzyl acetate (the product of BEAT) and benzoate, as well as a dramatic increase in the concentrations of additional benzenoid‐phenylpropanoid volatiles. Presumably, the degree of benzaldehyde overproduction after benzyl alcohol feeding in both leaves and flowers revealed their reverse conversion in lisianthus plants. These findings demonstrate the concealed capability of lisianthus plants to produce a wide array of fragrant benzenoid‐phenylpropanoids, given high substrate concentrations, which could in turn open opportunities for future scent engineering.
Proline is a quencher of singlet oxygen and superoxide both in in vitro systems and isolated thylakoids
Authors: Rehman Ateeq Ur , Bashir Faiza , Ayaydin Ferhan , Kóta Zoltán , Páli Tibor , Vass Imre 
Published: November 2020

AbstractProline is a versatile plant metabolite, which is produced in large amounts in plants exposed to osmotic and oxidative stress. Proline has been shown to provide protection against various reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals. On the other hand, its protective effect against singlet oxygen has been debated, and it is considered ineffective against superoxide. Here we used various methods for the detection of singlet oxygen (electron paramagnetic resonance, EPR, spin trapping by 2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐4‐piperidone, fluorescence probing by singlet oxygen sensor green, SOSG, and oxygen uptake due to chemical trapping) and superoxide (oxygen uptake due to oxygen reduction) in vitro and in isolated thylakoids. We demonstrated that proline does quench both singlet oxygen and superoxide in vitro. By comparing the effects of chemical scavengers and physical quenchers, we concluded that proline eliminates singlet oxygen via a physical mechanism, with a bimolecular quenching rate of ca. 1.5–4 106 M−1 s−1. Our data also show that proline can eliminate superoxide in vitro in a process that is likely to proceed via an electron transfer reaction. We could also show that proline does quench both singlet oxygen and superoxide produced in isolated thylakoids. The scavenging efficiency of proline is relatively small on a molar basis, but considering its presence in high amounts in plant cells under stress conditions it may provide a physiologically relevant contribution to ROS scavenging, supplementing other nonenzymatic ROS scavengers of plant cells.
The extra‐vascular water pathway regulates dynamic leaf hydraulic decline and recovery in Populus nigra
Authors: Trifilò Patrizia , Petruzzellis Francesco , Abate Elisa , Nardini Andrea 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLeaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) is highly dynamic and typically responds to changes in water status and irradiance. However, the relative contribution of vascular (Kx) and extra‐vascular (Kox) water pathways to Kleaf changes in response to water potential decline and recovery in function of light conditions remains poorly investigated. We investigated the dynamic responses of leaf hydraulics in Populus nigra L. by measuring Kleaf, Kx, and Kox changes under drought and upon recovery. Measurements were done at both low and high irradiance (LI and HI, respectively). Kleaf increased and became more vulnerable to dehydration under HI conditions than LI, due to marked changes of Kox. After re‐watering, Kleaf recovered in parallel with Kox recovery, but Kleaf response to irradiance remained inhibited. Strong correlations between Kleaf and drought‐induced membrane damage demonstrated the relevance of the cell‐to‐cell water pathway in driving the dynamic responses of Kleaf under drought and recovery. Our findings highlight the importance of coordination between water and light availability in modulating the overall Kleaf response to environmental conditions.