bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The participle form of causative verbs in Dangme
Authors: Caesar Regina Oforiwah 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a descriptive analysis of verbs with the participle marking affixes in expressing causatives in Dangme, a language that belongs to the Kwa group of the Niger-Congo family of languages. The paper examines the syntax and the semantic perspectives of the participialized form of causative verbs in the Role and Reference Grammar’s (RRG) theory in Dangme. The participle is an affix which expresses the completion at the final stage of a process. As a verbal affix, it can take objects and have tense or aspect in languages. They also indicate active agency (actor) and an agency receiving an action (sufferer). Generally affixes that express participial are in two forms: the finite and non-finite categories. Unlike Akan and other languages that have both forms, Dangme has just the non-finite category which of two forms. The two non-finite forms of the verb in Dangme are the participle and the gerund. The gerund affix {-mi} denotes a new word class from verbs in Dangme, (noun). The participle on the other hand has adjective-like characteristics and it is expressed mostly with the front vowels of Dangme: /i, e, ԑ/. It is to be noted that to form the participle in Dangme, two processes are required. Firstly, the verb stem is reduplicated either partially or totally depending on the shape of the verb stem. The reduplicant then selects a front vowel of the same tongue height of the vowel of the verb stem. The words formed imply a process of change caused by a causer. For the purpose of this paper, my focus is on the participial affix used in expressing causative meaning in Dangme.
La educación laica en México: estudios en torno a sus orígenes
Authors: Ortiz Cirilo Alejandro 
Published: December 2020

Review of the book by Adelina Arredondo (coord.), La educación laica en México: estudios en torno a sus orígenes (México, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos/Bonilla Artigas Editores, 2019)
L'Università italiana nel Novecento. Nuovi itinerari storiografici e inediti percorsi di ricerca
Authors: Montecchiani Sofia 
Published: December 2020

Review of the book by Luigiaurelio Pomante, L'Università italiana nel Novecento. Nuovi itinerari storiografici e inediti percorsi di ricerca (Milan: FrancoAngeli, 2020)
Calidad de la muerte percibida por los cuidadores de pacientes en cuidados paliativos
Authors: Gutiérrez Sánchez Daniel , López-Leiva Inmaculada , Cuesta-Vargas Antonio I. 
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Determinar la calidad de la muerte y del proceso del morir en población oncológica avanzada, y analizar su asociación con el sufrimiento y la calidad de la atención al final de la vida.Método: Estudio descriptivo, correlacional, de corte transversal en el que participaron los cuidadores principales de los pacientes oncológicos fallecidos en cuidados paliativos. Para la evaluación de la calidad de la muerte y del proceso del morir se utilizó la versión española del Quality of Dying and Death Questionnaire. El sufrimiento fue evaluado con el Mini-Suffering State Examination y la calidad de la atención al final de la vida con la Palliative care Outcome Scale. Resultados: 74 cuidadores familiares de pacientes paliativos fallecidos participaron en este estudio. La puntuación media de la versión española del Quality of Dying and Death Questionnaire fue de 65,58 (± 20,98). Se encontró una correlación negativa entre la calidad de la muerte y el sufrimiento (r=-0,63) y positiva entre la calidad de la muerte y la calidad de la atención al final de la vida (r=0,62).Conclusión: La calidad de la muerte de los enfermos oncológicos avanzados en cuidados paliativos se relaciona positivamente con la calidad de la atención al final de la vida y negativamente con el sufrimiento. La atención paliativa contribuye a alcanzar niveles satisfactorios en la calidad de la muerte y del proceso del morir de los pacientes oncológicos avanzados.
Objective: To determine the quality of dying and death in an advanced oncology population, and to analyze the association with the suffering and the quality of attention at the end of life.Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational design was used. For the evaluation of the quality of dying and death, the Spanish version of the Quality of Dying and Death Questionnaire was used. Suffering was assessed with the Mini-Suffering State Examination and the quality of end-of-life care was evaluated with the Palliative care Outcome Scale.Results: 74 relatives of deceased patients were included in this study. The mean total score of the Spanish version of the Quality of Dying and Death Questionnaire was 64.58 (± 20.98). A negative correlation between the quality of dying and death and the suffering was found (r = -0.63), and a positive correlation between the quality of dying and death and the quality of the attention at the end of life was found (r = 0.62).Conclusion: Quality of dying and death in advanced cancer population is positively related to the quality of of the attention at the end of life and negatively related to suffering. Palliative care can contribute to achieving a satisfactory quality of dying and death of advanced cancer patients.
arcedianato de Nájera, un beneficio eclesiástico en manos de las oligarquías salmantinas en la Baja Edad Media
Authors: PELÁEZ BOISMORAND Luis 
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es abordar el caso de los beneficios eclesiásticos patrimoniales en la Baja Edad Media en Castilla. Éstos no siempre caían bajo el control de las diócesis a las que estaban vinculados, recayendo este control administrativo y económico en ocasiones en manos de ciertas oligarquías castellanas. Los arcedianatos, siendo un beneficio eclesiástico de gran interés sobre todo por sus rendimientos económicos, sirvieron en ocasiones como moneda de cambio entre poderosas familias con intereses afines. Expondremos el caso del arcedianato de Nájera, que durante casi cien años estuvo en manos de ciertas familias de las oligarquías urbanas salmantinas entre el siglo XV e inicios del siglo XVI, como un ejemplo bien documentado de este caso e intentaremos describir algunos de los catalizadores que lo han provocado.
In this work we examine the case of ecclesiastical office assets in Castile over the Late Middle Ages. These assets were not always controlled by the diocese to which they were attached. At times, they fell under the administrative and economic control of Castilian oligarchies. Arch-deaneries generated significant profits and were therefore the focus of strong interest. At times, powerful families linked by common interests used them as a bargaining chip. We will analyse the case of the arch-deanery of Nájera, which was held by a group of families belonging to the urban oligarchy of Salamanca for nearly a century, from the 15th century to the beginning of the 16th century. Our case of study constitutes a well-documented example that can help us to explain the roots of these phenomena.
Cádiz y el comercio marítimo genovés en el siglo XIV
Authors: RÍOS TOLEDANO Daniel 
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal abordar el papel desempeñado por el puerto de Cádiz como escala esencial para las embarcaciones genovesas que surcaban la ruta atlántica desde el año 1277. A partir del análisis de las actas notariales genovesas recopiladas por Renée Doehaerd y Léone Liagre de Sturler, se pretende reconstruir la actividad mercantil del puerto marítimo de Cádiz en el comercio internacional durante el siglo XIV. Nuestra atención se centrará en cuestiones estrechamente relacionadas con la navegación y las actividades comerciales, tales como las rutas, las mercancías, los pilotos, los seguros marítimos, el tipo de embarcación, entre otros asuntos.
This article has as a main aim to address the role played by the port of Cadiz as a crucial stopover for Genoese ships which sailed the Atlantic route since 1277. On the basis of a detailed analysis of Genoese notarial acts compiled by Renée Doehaerd and Léone Liagre de Sturler, we try to reconstruct the commercial activity within international trade of the seaport of Cádiz over the fourteenth century. Our attention focuses on issues closely related to navigation and commercial operations, such as routes, merchandise, pilots, maritime insurances, ship types, among others.
textos inscritos en la Foncalada de Oviedo
Authors: VALDÉS GALLEGO José Antonio 
Published: December 2020

La Foncalada de Oviedo es una fuente monumental, datada generalmente en el siglo IX, durante el período del reino asturiano (718-910). En la fachada del lado este, donde se abre un arco de medio punto, se grabaron algunas inscripciones latinas. Era conocido el contenido de las situadas sobre el arco. Son similares a algunos epígrafes regios de la época. Del texto de las demás solamente se conservan pequeños fragmentos. En este artículo ofrecemos una reconstrucción, lograda gracias a haberse detectado el modelo en que se basan: una oración de santificación del agua, empleada, aunque no exclusivamente, en el ritual hispánico, y contenida en los Libri Ordinum.
The Foncalada of Oviedo is a monumental fountain commonly dated in the 9th century, at the time of the Asturian Kingdom (718-910). On the façade of the east side, where a semicircular arch opens, some Latin inscriptions were engraved. The content of those situated on the arch is well-known, since they are similar to some royal epigraphs of the period, while only small text fragments have been preserved from the rest of inscriptions. In this work we offer a reconstruction of the latter, based on a finding that what we consider the model or source used for the creation of these epigraphs: a prayer form for the sanctification of water, used, though not exclusively, in the Hispanic rite, and contained in the Libri Ordinum.
L’émergence de nouvelles normes de parentalité dans le cadre de la politique familiale russe
Authors: Russkikh Svetlana 
Published: December 2020

Dans un contexte de politique familiale visant à enrayer la crise démographique, l’État russe des années 2010 s’engage dans une campagne valorisant certaines valeurs familiales explicitement qualifiées de « traditionnelles », campagne associée à une politique du bien-être de l’enfant. En m’appuyant sur la documentation officielle, sur les données du Service fédéral des statistiques d’État russe (Rosstat) et sur les résultats de mon enquête de terrain réalisée dans trois régions en Russie, je montre de quelle manière cette norme est définie et appliquée, et dans quelle mesure on peut considérer qu’elle a une influence sur les comportements familiaux.
« Il devint un Romaincourtien » : histoire coloniale et histoire régionale
Authors: Moudileno Lydie 
Published: December 2020

Cet article analyse l’imbrication de l’Histoire coloniale dans celle de la France régionale, à partir du roman Le Terroriste noir. Une figure historique réelle inspire ce roman de Tierno Monénembo, à savoir celle de l’adjudant Addi Bâ, un tirailleur guinéen blessé dans les Ardennes en 1940, qui choisit de rallier la Résistance du maquis vosgien, avant d’être arrêté et fusillé en Lorraine par la Gestapo en 1943. Tout en retravaillant la figure du tirailleur, déjà bien exploitée en littérature, T. Monénembo s’attache dans ce texte non seulement à inscrire la mémoire d’un résistant africain dans celle de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, mais aussi, ce qui est peut-être plus original, à dessiner une nouvelle topographie de la présence africaine sur le territoire français, invitant, au-delà de Paris, à reconnaître la pertinence historique de la « province postcoloniale ».
Médecins et maladies dans les romans africains de Paule Constant
Authors: Grenouillet Corinne 
Published: December 2020

Pour des raisons biographiques, les cinq romans de Paule Constant consacrés à l’Afrique sont marqués par l’histoire médicale de la relation franco-africaine : Ouregano (1980), Balta, (1983), White Spirit (1989), C’est fort la France ! (Gallimard, 2012) et Des chauves-souris, des singes et des hommes (2016). Cet article montre comment ces romans offrent au lecteur une compréhension du lien France-Afrique comme relation médicale. Ils élaborent un type littéraire et social assez peu représenté dans la littérature contemporaine : le médecin de brousse, et mettent en place autour de lui un personnel romanesque médical varié. Ouregano constitue à cet égard le réservoir de personnages qui vont essaimer dans les romans ultérieurs. Deux de ces romans, C’est fort la France ! et Des chauves-souris, des singes et des hommes, s’intéressent à un « accident de lomidinisation » historiquement attesté, du nom d’une substance chimique (la lomidine, nommée lomidon dans les romans) injectée aux populations camerounaises pour prévenir et guérir la trypanosomiase causée par la mouche tsé-tsé et qui coûta la vie à plusieurs dizaines de villageois en 1954. Le second de ces romans engage une discussion avec l’historien Guillaume Lachenal et les thèses développées dans le livre qu’il consacra à la lomidine : Le Médicament qui devait sauver l’Afrique : un scandale pharmaceutique aux colonies (2014).
Fungal survival under temperature stress: a proteomic perspective
Authors: Abu Bakar Nurlizah , Karsani Saiful Anuar , Alias Siti Aisyah 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundIncreases in knowledge of climate change generally, and its impact on agricultural industries specifically, have led to a greater research effort aimed at improving understanding of the role of fungi in various fields. Fungi play a key role in soil ecosystems as the primary agent of decomposition, recycling of organic nutrients. Fungi also include important pathogens of plants, insects, bacteria, domestic animals and humans, thus highlighting their importance in many contexts. Temperature directly affects fungal growth and protein dynamics, which ultimately will cascade through to affect crop performance. To study changes in the global protein complement of fungi, proteomic approaches have been used to examine links between temperature stress and fungal proteomic profiles.Survey methodology and objectivesA traditional rather than a systematic review approach was taken to focus on fungal responses to temperature stress elucidated using proteomic approaches. The effects of temperature stress on fungal metabolic pathways and, in particular, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are discussed. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the effects of temperature stress on fungal proteomes.Concluding remarksElucidating fungal proteomic response under temperature stress is useful in the context of increasing understanding of fungal sensitivity and resilience to the challenges posed by contemporary climate change processes. Although useful, a more thorough work is needed such as combining data from multiple -omics platforms in order to develop deeper understanding of the factor influencing and controlling cell physiology. This information can be beneficial to identify potential biomarkers for monitoring environmental changes in soil, including the agricultural ecosystems vital to human society and economy.
Biochar, Bentonite and Potassium Humate Effects on Saline Soil Properties and Nitrogen Loss
Authors: Abdeen S. A. 
Published: December 2020

Aim: In order to study the effect of biochar, bentonite and potassium humate on saline soil characteristics, barley growth and nitrogen loss, a column experiment was conducted. Addition of the above mention materials was hypothesized to improve the characteristics of saline soil and decrease nitrogen loss in the leachate solution.
Place and Duration of Study: Farm of Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt during the winter season of 2019.
Methodology: Biochar and bentonite were added with rates 0, 5 and 10 g.kg-1; and the rates of potassium humate were 0, 5 and 10 mg.kg-1. Excess irrigations were implemented three times (on 12th, 24th, 36th days) during growing season. Leachate solution was collected after each excess irrigation from each column to determine nitrogen loss.
Results: Main results show that total organic carbon and soil porosity were increased by increasing the addition rates of the studied materials, especially at the high rates of biochar and bentonite. Also, the availability of water significantly increased. Addition of biochar and bentonite gave the highest decreasing in leachate solution volume. Nitrogen loss was decreased significantly at the highest rates of the studied materials, where the decrement percentage in leachate solution reached at 36.07%, 35.82 and 23.81 at the highest rates of biochar, bentonite and potassium humate, respectively. That led to increasing the retention of available nitrogen in saline soil. Fresh and dry weights of barley plants were increased significantly by increasing the addition rates of all amended materials. Macronutrients (NPK) content and uptake were increased significantly by increasing the addition rates of the studied materials.
Conclusion: Research results proved that changes in soil properties caused a significant increase in barley growth and nutrients uptake. Addition of biochar and bentonite were the best option for improving saline soil properties, barley growth and nutrients uptake and reduce nitrogen loss by improving nitrogen retention and decreasing the leachate volume.
RT-PCR Mediated Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Patients from Particular Regions of Bangladesh and the Multi-factorial Analysis Considering Their Pre and Post Infection Health Conditions
Authors: Akter Kazi Mahmuda , Tushi Tanjum , Jahan Mily Sabrina , Mohona Rashenda Aziz , Anis Samin , Chakraborty Adittya Kishor , Tabassum Elmee , Islam Tahmid Ul , Akhi Ozifatun Jannat , Nishe Israt Sultana , Laxy Badrun Nahar , Zerin Sanjida Sultana , Roble Abdiqani Jama , Hossain Md. Imran , Ahmed Sharmin , Azad Salauddin Al 
Published: December 2020

Background: SARS-CoV-2 is a type of coronavirus shows bizarre features with fatality rates at 34.4%. The clinical and non-clinical features of COVID-19 might be causative factors for more rapid community spreading compared to MERS and SARS-CoV-1.
Objectives: To study the efficacy of RT-PCR based detection of SARS-CoV-2 patients. Besides, the patients' pre and post-infection health conditions depending on selective clinical and nonclinical parameters were analyzed.
Materials and Methods: Clinical and non- clinical data were collected from 205 randomly selected COVID-19 patients, identified through RT-PCR from different areas of Bangladesh. The data were analyzed using statistical and analytical tools to illustrate the impact of the pandemic situation on the sufferers.
Results: Molecular identification of the patients through RT-PCR has been observed as the most efficient option for detecting SARS-CoV-2 patients. Patients with the smoking habit have been reported to be more prone to the COVID-19 infection; surprisingly the non-smoker female was the worse suffers. The patients aged 60-69 years were the worst sufferers with every adverse health conditions mentioned. Professionally, 28% self-employed male and 8.19% female were infected. The most infected individuals were house wife (32.029%), as next to the health care workers (22.1%). With the increased age group, a decreased number of smokers were found. Nebulization of 5% home and 12% hospital treated patients were provided, with Oxygen for 26% of hospitalized patients. After recovery, combined physical and psychological complications were observed in 19% of male and 11% female. The socioeconomic, environmental and geographical annotations exposed a clear relationship with the rate of infection as revealed from the nonclinical data analysis.
Conclusion: RT-PCR proved its specialty in COVID-19 detection. In addition, impacts of different clinical and nonclinical factors on the physical conditions of the nCoV patients were found significant in the research.
Effect of Farmyard Manure Application on Yield and Some Quality Characteristics of Popcorn (Zea mays L. everta Sturt) at the Organic Farming
Authors: Oktem Ayse Gulgun , Oktem Abdullah 
Published: December 2020

Aims: It was aimed to determine the effect of different levels of farmyard manure on yield and quality attributes of the popcorn (Zea mays L. everta Sturt) grown under second crop conditions.
Study Design: The experiment was set up according to randomized complete blocks experimental design with 3 replicates.
Place and Duration of Study: Research was conducted in 2018 under Harran Plain conditions as second crop, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
Methodology: Antcin hybrid popcorn variety was used as a plant material. Farmyard manure (FYM) applications were 0 (control), 1 tone da-1 FYM, 2 tone da-1 FYM, 3 tone da-1 FYM, 4 tone da-1 FYM, 5 tone da-1 FYM and 6 tone da-1 FYM. In study, plant height, stem diameter, grain yield, 1000 kernel weight, popping volume and protein ratio values were researched.
Results: Farmyard manure levels were significant in all tested characteristics. Farmyard manure levels effected positively on plant height (P≤0.05), stem diameter, grain yield, 1000 kernel weight, popping volume and protein ratio (P≤0.01). The highest plant height value was seen 6 tone da-1 application of FYM application whereas the lowest plant height value was found at control parcel. Stem diameter value ranged from 19.33 mm (control) to 23.87 mm (5 tone da-1 FYM). The highest grain yield value obtained from 6 tone da-1 FYM (489.71 kg da-1) while the lowest value was seen at control parcel (219.95 kg da-1). But 4, 5 and 6 tone da-1 FYM applications were found in same statistical groups. 1000 kernel weight values ranged from 159.60 g to 204.67 g. The highest popping volume value was seen 6 tone da-1 FYM treatment. Protein ratio (%) values ranged from % 9.27 to %14.01. The highest protein ratio was obtained from 6 tone da-1 FYM while the lowest protein ratio value was found at control parcel.
Conclusion: All farmyard manure levels effected positively on plant height, stem diameter, grain yield, popping volume and protein ratio. The highest grain yield value was seen at 6 tone da-1 FYM. But, 4, 5 and 6 tone da-1 FYM treatments were in the same statistical groups. There was no statistically significant increase in grain yield after 4 tone da-1 farmyard application (478.57 kg da-1). According to research results, considering grain yield, popping volume and protein ratio values, 4 tone da-1 farmyard manure was seen sufficient in organic popcorn cultivation.