bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal and Spatial Availability of Cereal Straw in Germany Case Study: Biomethane for the Transport Sector
Authors: Brosowski André , Bill Ralf , Thrän Daniela 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: By 2030, the transport sector needs to achieve additional greenhouse gas savings of 67 million tonnes CO2-eq. and further progress requires swiftly implementable solutions. The fermentation of cereal straw is a promising option. Returning the digestate to the farmland can close agricultural cycles while simultaneously producing biomethane. The world's first large-scale, mono-digestion plant for straw is operational since 2014. The temporal and spatial biomass availability is a key issue when replicating this concept. No detailed calculations on this subject are available, and the strategic relevance of biomethane from straw in the transport sector cannot be sufficiently evaluated. Methods: To assess the balance of straw supply and use, a total of 30 data sets are combined, taking into account the cultivation of the five most important cereal types and the straw required for ten animal species, two special crops and twelve industrial uses. The data are managed at district level and presented for the years 2010 to 2018. In combination with high-resolution geodata, the results are linked to actual arable fields, and the availability of straw throughout the country is evaluated using a GIS. Results: During the analysis period, the mobilisable technical biomass potential for future biomethane production is between 13.9–21.5 Tg fm a-1; this is up to 62 % higher than the previously known level. The annual potential fluctuates considerably due to weather anomalies. The all-time maximum in 2014 and the minimum for the last 26 years in 2018 are separated by just four years and a difference of 7.6 Tg fm. However, large parts of the potential are concentrated only in a few regions and biomethane from straw could provide up to 145 PJ of a low-emission fuel. This would be associated with a greenhouse gas mitigation of roughly twelve million tonnes CO2-eq., which corresponds to around one-sixth of the climate target for the entire sector. Conclusion: Despite the strong fluctuations, the potential is sufficient to supply numerous plants and to produce relevant quantities of biomethane even in weak years. To unlock the potential, the outcomes should be discussed further with stakeholders in the identified priority regions.
Two Different Troponin Isoforms for Detecting Early Myocardial Injury after Curative Resection of Oesophageal Cancer
Authors: Gu Wei , Tang Wei , Zhang Zuojing , Xu Meiying , Wu Jingxiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to explore the consistency and correlation of two troponin (cTn) subtypes, troponin I (cTnI) and high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-cTnT), which can be used to judge early myocardial injury after curative resection of oesophageal cancer.Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of data obtained from a previous randomized controlled trial on postoperative myocardial injury in 70 patients undergoing elective curative resection of oesophageal cancer who were randomly assigned to undergo aggressive body temperature management (nasopharyngeal temperature 36.61±0.18°C) or standard body temperature management (35.80±0.18°C, n = 35 in each arm). The serum cTnI and hs-cTnT levels were measured in each patient at the 4 time points: before the operation and 6 h~12 h, 24 h and 48 h after the operation. The diagnostic criteria of myocardial injury followed the third edition ESC/ACCF definition of myocardial infarction. The primary outcomes included the following: (1) the incidence of myocardial injury and the relationship between hs-cTnT and cTn and (2) the consistency and correlation of the two cTn subtypes.Results: A total of 280 pairs of cTn samples were tested. The incidence of postoperative day 2 myocardial injury was 8.6% (3/35) among patients receiving aggressive body temperature management and 31.4% (11/35) among patients receiving standard body temperature management (P<0.05). Among 3 patients who experienced myocardial injury in the aggressive body temperature management group, 2 met the diagnostic criteria for cTnI and hs-cTnT and only 1 met the diagnostic criteria for hs-cTnT. Among the 11 patients who experienced myocardial injury in the standard body temperature management group, 7 met the diagnostic criteria for cTnI and hs-cTnT and only 3 met the diagnostic criteria for hs-cTnT; only 1 met the diagnostic criteria for cTnI. The bias of cTnI and hs-cTnT was -8.82±31.91 ng/L. The consistency limit was -71.37~53.73 ng/L. The proportion within the scope of the consistency of its corresponding boundary was 98.57%. The correlation coefficient of cTnI and hs-cTnT was 0.845 (P<0.05).Conclusions: In the evaluation of postoperative myocardial injury in patients undergoing curative resection of oesophageal cancer, cTnI and hs-cTnT exhibit high consistency and a good correlation. The combination of cTnI and hs-cTnT can improve the detection rate of myocardial injury, thus providing a better reference than a single measure alone for reducing the risk of perioperative myocardial injury in patients.Trial registration: ChiCTR-INR-17011621. Registered June 10, 2017
Upregulation of long non-coding RNA LOC284454 may serve as a new serum biomarker for head and neck cancers
Authors: Fan Chunmei , Wang Jinpeng , Tang Yanyan , Zhang Shanshan , Xiong Fang , Guo Can , Zhou Yanhong , Li Zheng , Li Xiaoling , Li Yong , Li Guiyuan , Zeng Zhaoyang , Xiong Wei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Identification of effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of cancer is necessary for improving precision medicine. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important regulatory role in tumor initiation and progression. The lncRNA LOC284454 is distinctly expressed in various head and neck cancers (HNCs), as demonstrated by our previous bioinformatics analysis. However, the expression levels and functions of LOC284454 in cancer are still unclear.Methods: We investigated the dysregulation of lncRNAs in HNCs using the GEO database and found that LOC284454 was highly expressed in HNCs. Serum samples from 212 patients with HNCs and 121 normal controls were included in this biomarker study. We measured the expression of LOC284454 in the sera of HNC patients and normal controls using RT-qPCR. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis is an important statistical method that is widely used in clinical diagnosis and disease screening. ROC was used to analyze the clinical value of LOC284454 in the early diagnosis of HNCs.Results: LOC284454 was significantly upregulated in the sera of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, oral cancer, and thyroid cancer. LOC284454 upregulation had good clinical diagnostic value in these cancers, as evaluated by area under the ROC curve values of 0.931, 0.698, and 0.834, respectively.Conclusions:LOC284454 may be a valuable serum biomarker for HNCs facilitating the early diagnosis of malignant cancers. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the involvement of LOC284454 in HNCs. This study provides the first evidence that LOC284454 may be a serum biomarker for HNCs.
COX-2 gene rs689466 polymorphism is associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer among Caucasians: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yong-Chen , Zhao Hui , Chen Chen , Ali Mohammad Amzad 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Several studies have reported the Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) rs689466 polymorphism as a susceptibility locus of colorectal cancer (CRC), but their findings are inconsistent. Thus, this meta-analysis was performed to more accurately identify the effects of this polymorphism on CRC risk.

Methods: Potential case-control studies on EMBASE, Google of Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and PubMed were searched. The strength of association was quantified by pooled odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Totally 16 articles involving 8,998 cases and 11,917 controls were included.

Results: None of the five tested genetic models revealed an association between rs689466 polymorphism and CRC risk. Stratified analysis by ethnicity uncovered a positive association between this polymorphism and higher CRC risk in Caucasians, but not in Asians. In addition, we found high expression of COX-2 was associated with better overall survival for all CRC patients.

Conclusion: To sum up, the COX-2 rs689466 polymorphism may be related with susceptibility to CRC in Caucasians. This finding should be verified by larger-size studies with different ethnic groups.
Sequential modelling of the Earth's core magnetic field
Authors: Ropp Guillaume , Lesur Vincent , Baerenzung Julien , Holschneider Matthias 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We describe a new, original approach to the modelling of the Earth's magnetic field.

The overall objective of this study is to reliably render fast variations of the core field and its secular variation.

This method combines a sequential modelling approach, a Kalman filter, and a correlation based modelling step. All sources that most significantly contribute to the field measured at the surface of the Earth are modelled. Their separation is based on strong prior information on their spatial and temporal behaviours.

We obtain a time series of model distributions which display behaviours similar to those of recent models based on more classic approaches, particularly at large temporal and spatial scales. Interesting new features and periodicities are visible in our models at smaller time and spatial scales.

An important aspect of our method is to yield reliable error bars for all model parameters. These errors, however, are only as reliable as the description of the different sources and the prior information used are realistic.

Finally, we used a slightly different version of our method to produce candidate models for the IGRF-13.
Hemodynamic changes in superficial arteriovenous malformation surgery measured by intraoperative ICG fluorescence videoangiography with FLOW 800 software
Authors: Ye Xun , Wang Liang , Li Ming-tao , Chen Xiao-lin , Wang Hao , Ma Li , Wang Rong , Zhang Yan , Cao Yong , Zhao Yuan-li , Zhang Dong , Wang Shuo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Arteriovenous malformation(AVM) have long-term “blood stealing” characteristics, which result in complicated hemodynamic features. To analyze the application of intraoperative indocyanine green angiography with FLOW 800 software in AVM surgeries.Methods: Data on 17 patients undergoing surgery with ICG fluorescence were collected. To analyze the hemodynamic features of AVM and the influence on the peripheral cortex of AVM resection, we assessed the following hemodynamic parameters: maximum intensity, slope of rise, time to half-maximal fluorescence, and transit time from arteries to veins.Results：In the 17 superficial AVMs studied, the time delay color mode of FLOW 800 software was superior to the traditional playback mode for identifying feeding arteries, draining veins, and their relation to normal cortical vessels.The maximum fluorescence intensity and slope of the ICG fluorescence curve of feeder arteries and draining veins were higher than those of normal peripheral vessels (P < 0.05). The transit times in AVMs were significantly shorter than those in normal peripheral vessels (P < 0.05).After AVM resection, cerebral flow increased in the cortex, and local cycle time become longer, although the differences were not significant (P > 0.05).Conclusions:Hemodynamic parameter analysis provided quality guidance for the resection of AVMs and could also be used in estimating changes in blood flow in the local cortex to identify abnormal hyperperfusion and residual nidus.
Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis of Endometrial Screening Liquid-Based Cytology Specimens A Comparative Study to Tissue Specimens
Authors: Akahane Toshiaki , Kitazono Ikumi , Yanazume Shintaro , Kamio Masaki , Togami Shinichi , Sakamoto Ippei , Nohara Sachio , Yokoyama Seiya , Kobayashi Hiroaki , Hiraki Tsubasa , Suzuki Shinsuke , Ueno Shinichi , Tanimoto Akihide 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is now a widely used method for cytologic screening and cancer diagnosis. Since the cells are fixed with alcohol-based fixatives, and the specimens are stored in a liquid condition, LBC specimens are suitable for genetic analyses. Methods: Here, we established a small cancer gene panel, including 60 genes and 17 microsatellite markers for next-generation sequencing, and applied to residual LBC specimens obtained by endometrial cancer screening to compare with corresponding formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. Results: A total of 49 FFPE and LBC specimens (n=24) were analyzed, revealing characteristic mutations for endometrial cancer, including PTEN, CTNNB1, PIK3CA, and PIK3R1 mutations. Eight cases had higher scores for both tumor mutation burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI), which agree with defective mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression. Paired endometrial LBC, and biopsied and/or resected FFPE tissues from 7 cases, presented almost identical mutations, TMB, and MSI profiles in all cases. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that our ad hoc cancer gene panel enabled the detection of therapeutically actionable gene mutations in endometrial LBC and FFPE specimens. Endometrial cancer LBC specimens offer an alternative and affordable source of molecular testing materials.
General and Tuberculosis-Specific Service Readiness in two states in Nigeria
Authors: Oluwasanu Mojisola , Hassan Abiodun , Adebayo Ayodeji , Ogbuji Queen Chidinma , Adeniyi Bamidele Olaiya , Adewole David , Ladipo Oladapo Alabi , Ajuwon Grace , Ajuwon Ademola 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis is the world’s deadliest infectious disease and a leading cause of death in Nigeria. The availability of a functional healthcare system is critical for effective TB service delivery and attainment of national and global targets. This study was designed to assess readiness for TB service delivery in Oyo and Anambra states of Nigeria. Methods: This was a facility-based study with a mixed-methods convergent parallel design. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 42 primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare facilities in two TB high burden states. Data were collected using key informant interviews, a semi-structured instrument adapted from the WHO Service Availability and Readiness Assessment tool and facility observation using a checklist. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics while qualitative data were transcribed and analysed thematically. Data from both sources were integrated to generate conclusions.Results: The domain score for basic amenities in both states is 48.8%; 47.0% in Anambra and 50.8% in Oyo state with 95% confidence interval [-15.29, 7.56]. In Oyo, only half of the facilities (50%) have access to constant power supply compared to 72.7% in Anambra state. The overall general service readiness index for both states is 69.2% with Oyo state having a higher value (73.3%) compared to Anambra with 65.4% (p=0.56). The domain score for availability of staff and TB guidelines is 57.1% for both states with 95% confidence interval [-13.8, 14.4]. Indicators of this domain with very low values were staff training for the management of HIV and TB co-infection and training on MDR -TB. Almost half (47.6%) experienced a stock out of TB drugs in the 3 months preceding the study. The overall tuberculosis-specific service readiness index for both states is 75%; this was higher in Oyo (76.5%) than Anambra state (73.6%) (p=0.14). Qualitative data revealed areas of deficiencies for TB service delivery such as inadequate infrastructure, poor staffing, and gaps with continuing education on TB management.Conclusions: The weak health system remains a challenge and there must be concerted actions and funding by the government and donors to improve the TB healthcare systems.
Comparison of Bailout and Planned Rotational Atherectomy for Severe Coronary Calcified Lesions
Authors: CAO Cheng-fu , MA Yu-liang , LI Qi , LIU Jian , ZHAO Hong , LU Ming-yu , wang weimin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To compare outcomes of bailout and planned rotational atherectomy (RA) in the treatment of severe calcified coronary lesions.Methods: Data of patients treated with RA from 2017 to 2018 at a single-center registry were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into planned RA and bailout RA groups, data between two groups were compared.Results: A total of 190 patients were included in this study, 138 patients received planned RA and 52 patients received bailout RA. Baseline clinical characteristics had no significant differences between groups. The number of implanted stents and total stents length were similar. But the number of balloon (1.6±0.8 vs. 2.7±1.3, P<0.001), procedure time (83.5±26.2 vs. 100.8±36.4min, P=0.007), fluoroscopy volume (941±482 vs. 1227±872mGy, P=0.012] and contrast amount （237±62 vs. 275±90ml, P=0.003）were all lower in planned RA group. Planned RA had a higher procedural success rate (99.3% vs. 92.3%, P=0.007) and a lower complication incidence (4.3% vs. 17.3%, P=0.009). But the primary outcomes at 3 years (9.2% and 16.6%, log rank p=0.24) had no difference between groups.Conclusions: For severe coronary artery calcification, although planned RA did not improved the long term prognosis compared with bailout RA, but it can improve the immediate procedural success rate, reduce the incidence of complications, the procedure time and the volume of contrast.
Associations of childhood exposure to malaria with cognition and behaviour outcomes: a systematic review protocol
Authors: SSEMATA ANDREW SENTOOGO , NAKITENDE JACQUELLINE ANN , KIZITO SIMON , WHIPPLE ELIZABETH C , BANGIRANA PAUL , NAKASUJJA NOELINE , JOHN CHANDY C , McHENRY MEGAN SONG 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Malaria is one of the major contributing risk factors for poor development of children living in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). However, little is known about the specific domains of cognition and behaviour that are impacted by malaria, the extent of these deficits, and the different types of the malaria spectrum that are associated with these deficits. The objective of this systematic review is to determine the association of the different type of malaria infection on cognition and behavioural outcomes among children living in LMICs. Methods and analysis: We will systematically search online bibliographic databases including MEDLINE (via PubMed), CINAHL (via EBSCO), PsycINFO (via EBSCO), Embase and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) as well as Google Scholar and bibliographies of pertinent articles. We will include studies with a comparison group (e.g., clinical trials, cohort, observational, cross-sectional case–control and controlled before and after or interrupted–time–series studies) involving children under 18 years of age living in LMICs, as determined by World Bank Criteria, with either an active malaria infection or history of malaria. Included articles must also measure cognitive and/or behaviour outcomes determined by standardized psychological assessments (questionnaire-based scales and or neurocognitive assessments). Studies will be excluded if they are not in English, lack a control group, take place in a high-income country, or if a standardized instrument was not used. Two reviewers will independently review all articles to determine if they meet eligibility criteria. Any conflicts will be resolved after discussion with a third reviewer. When a list of included articles is finalized, two reviewers will extract data to populate and then cross check within an electronic table. Risk of bias and the strength of evidence and recommendations will be assessed independently using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria, and a final score will be given upon consensus. For sufficiently homogeneous data on measured outcomes in multiple studies, we will investigate the possibility of pooling data to perform a meta-analysis. Discussion: This systematic review will evaluate the evidence of the association of malaria on the cognitive and behavioural outcomes. Findings from this planned review will generate insight on the domains affected by the different forms malaria infection and may inform subsequent malaria interventions and future research in paediatric care.Systematic review registration: This systematic review has been registered under the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; registration number: CRD42020154777)
IFI6 is an effective therapeutic target in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via the modulation of oxidative stress
Authors: Liu Zhenchuan , Gu Shaorui , Lu Tiancheng , Wu Kaiqin , Li Lei , Dong Chenglai , zhou yongxin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most lethal forms of adult cancer with poor prognosis. Substantial evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important modulators of aggressive cancer behavior. However, the mechanism by which ESCC cells integrate redox signals to modulate carcinoma progression remains elusive. Methods: The expression of interferon alpha inducible protein 6 (IFI6) in clinical ESCC tissues and cell lines was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The correlation between IFI6 expression levels and aggressive ESCC disease stage was examined by immunohistochemistry. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted to explore the potential function of IFI6 in ESCC. ESCC cell lines stably depleted of IFI6 and ectopically expressing IFI6 were established using lentiviruses expressing shRNAs and an IFI6 expression plasmid, respectively. The effects of IFI6 on ESCC cells were determined by cell-based analyses, including EdU assay, apoptotic assay, cellular and mitochondria-specific ROS detection, seahorse extracellular flux, and mitochondrial calcium flux assays. Blue native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to determine mitochondrial supercomplex assembly. Transcriptional activation of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) via ATF3 was confirmed by dual luciferase assay. In vivo tumor growth was determined in mouse xenograft models. Results: We find that the expression of IFI6, an IFN-stimulated gene localized in the inner mitochondrial membrane, is markedly elevated in ESCC patients and a panel of ESCC cell lines. High IFI6 expression correlates with aggressive disease phenotype and poor prognosis in ESCC patients. IFI6 depletion suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis by increasing ROS accumulation. Mechanistically, IFI6 ablation induces mitochondrial calcium overload by activating mitochondrial Ca 2+ uniporter and subsequently ROS production. Following IFI6 ablation, mitochondrial ROS accumulation is also induced by mitochondrial supercomplex assembly suppression and oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction, while IFI6 overexpression produces the opposite effects. Furthermore, energy starvation induced by IFI6 inhibition drives endoplasmic reticulum stress through disrupting endoplasmic reticulum calcium uptake, which upregulates NOX4-derived ROS production in an ATF3-dependent manner. Finally, the results in xenograft models of ESCC further corroborate the in vitro findings. Conclusion: Our study unveils a novel redox homeostasis signaling pathway that regulates ESCC pathobiology and identifies IFI6 as a potential druggable target in ESCC.