bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ondansetron use in early pregnancy and the risk of late pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Suarez Elizabeth A. , Boggess Kim , Engel Stephanie M. , Stürmer Til , Lund Jennifer L. , Funk Michele Jonsson 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe effects of ondansetron, used off‐label to treat nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, on common pregnancy complications are understudied. Modest effects of a commonly used drug could result in adverse events for large numbers of pregnant women. Therefore, our objective was to compare the risk of stillbirth, preterm birth, gestational hypertensive disorders, small for gestational age, and differences in birth weight between women prescribed ondansetron and women prescribed alternative antiemetics in early pregnancy.MethodsA cohort of pregnant women receiving a prescription for ondansetron or comparator antiemetics (metoclopramide or promethazine) during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy was identified using electronic health record data from a health care system in North Carolina, USA. Confounding by multiple covariates was controlled using stabilized inverse probability of treatment weights. Weighted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) accounted for competing events.ResultsWe identified 2677 eligible pregnancies with antiemetic orders, 66% for ondansetron. The small number of stillbirths (n = 15) resulted in an imprecise estimate of the association with ondansetron (HR = 1.60; 95%CI 0.51, 4.97). No association was observed for preterm birth (HR = 0.90; 95%CI 0.67, 1.20) or gestational hypertensive disorders (HR = 0.87; 95%CI 0.68, 1.12). We observed an association with small for gestational age (HR = 1.37; 95%CI 0.98, 1.90), however mean birth weight among term births was similar between groups.ConclusionsOur results do not suggest that ondansetron increases the risk of preterm birth or gestational hypertensive disorders. The weak association observed between ondansetron use and small for gestational age warrants further investigation.
An innovative synergy between solution electrospinning process technique and self‐healing of materials. A critical review
Authors: Kotrotsos Athanasios 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAn overview of recent advances related to self‐healing (SH) of materials and solution electrospinning (SEP) is provided. SH agents (SHAs) in electrospun form seems to be one of the most promising approaches for SH and exhibit an increasing trend for a wide range of applications. The aim of the current review paper is to report contributions and advances related to SH of materials by using SHAs in electrospun form and provide insights for further improvement of this promising technology. More specifically, this paper contains investigations in which the SHAs or the SHA containers were exclusively prepared by SEP.
Self‐assembly of hairpin peptides mediated by Cu(II) ion: Effect of amino acid sequence
Authors: Wang Jiqian , Wang Chengdong , Ge Yanqing , Sun Yawei , Wang Dong , Xu Hai 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe alteration of amino acid register in peptides could affect their folding properties and thus functions. The effect of sequence in metal ion induced folding of peptide/protein is important in the design of new functional protein structures, such as biomimetics. In this paper, a set of hairpin peptides with identical composition but different histidine locations have been designed to exploit the metal ion‐mediated peptide intramolecular folding transformation through the adjustment of histidine and lysine residue locations. The results demonstrated that the histidine positions in peptide sequence could dramatically affect the coordination modes between peptides and Cu(II) ion. The Cu(II) coordination could affect the secondary structure transformation and self‐assembly along with electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding synergistically. Three molecules with VHVH sequence at each side of the turn segment (VDPPT) were apt to coordinate with Cu(II) ion with three or four histidines. The closer the VHVH motifs were to the turn segment, the more easier the molecules were to form β sheet structure with the promotion of Cu(II) ions. These results demonstrated that the purposeful location of key amino acids in peptides could achieve the controllable conformation transformation of hairpin peptides, which provides useful strategies for biomimetic design, such as metalloenzymes.
Cefiderocol: A Novel Siderophore Cephalosporin against Multidrug‐Resistant Gram‐Negative Pathogens
Authors: Abdul‐Mutakabbir Jacinda C. , Alosaimy Sara , Morrisette Taylor , Kebriaei Razieh , Rybak Michael J. 
Published: October 2020

Cefiderocol (CFDC), (formerly S‐649266), is a novel injectable siderophore cephalosporin developed by Shionogi & Co., Ltd., with potent in vitro activity against Gram‐negative pathogens including multidrug‐resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae and non‐fermenting organisms, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Burkholderia cepacia, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Characterized by its siderophore catechol‐moiety, CFDC uses a “trojan‐horse approach” to navigate through the bacterial periplasmic space, thus evading various beta‐lactam degrading enzymes and other mechanisms of resistance present in Gram‐negative bacteria. More specifically in carbapenem‐resistant Enterobacteriaceae, CFDC has been shown to have activity against extended spectrum beta‐lactamases (ESBLs), such as CTX‐type, SHV‐type, and TEM‐type, as well as the Ambler classes of beta‐lactamases, including class A (KPC), class B (NDM, IMP, and VIM), class C (AmpC), and class D (OXA, OXA‐24, OXA‐48, and OXA‐48‐like). In addition to the strong activity that CFDC has been shown to have against MDR P. aeruginosa, it has also displayed activity against the OXA‐23, OXA‐24, and OXA‐51, beta‐lactamases commonly found in MDR A. baumannii. Cefiderocol was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI), including pyelonephritis, for use in patients 18 years or older with limited or no alternative options for treatment, and is currently being evaluated in a phase III trial for use in nosocomial pneumonia caused by Gram‐negative pathogens. The unique features and enhanced activity of CFDC suggest that it is likely to serve as a viable therapeutic option in the treatment of MDR Gram‐negative infections. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of previously published literature explaining CFDC’s pharmacology, pharmacokinetic / pharmacodynamic (PK / PD) properties, microbiologic activity, resistance mechanisms, safety parameters, dosing and administration, clinical data, and potential place in therapy.
Dynamic Profiling of Protein Mole Synthesis Rates during C2C12 Myoblast Differentiation
Authors: Stansfield Ben N. , Brown Alexander D. , Stewart Claire E. , Burniston Jatin G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMole (MSR) and fractional (FSR) synthesis rates of proteins during C2C12 myoblast differentiation are investigated. Myoblast cultures supplemented with D2O during 0–24 h or 72–96 h of differentiation are analyzed by LC‐MS/MS to calculate protein FSR and MSR after samples are spiked with yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1). Profiling of 153 proteins detected 70 significant (p ≤ 0.05, FDR ≤ 1%) differences in abundance between cell states. Early differentiation is enriched by clusters of ribosomal and heat shock proteins, whereas later differentiation is associated with actin filament binding. The median (first–third quartile) FSR (%/h) during early differentiation 4.1 (2.7–5.3) is approximately twofold greater than later differentiation 1.7 (1.0–2.2), equating to MSR of 0.64 (0.38–1.2) and 0.28 (0.1–0.5) fmol h−1 µg−1 total protein, respectively. MSR corresponds more closely with abundance data and highlights proteins associated with glycolytic processes and intermediate filament protein binding that are not evident among FSR data. Similarly, MSR during early differentiation accounts for 78% of the variation in protein abundance during later differentiation, whereas FSR accounts for 4%. Conclusively, the interpretation of protein synthesis data differs when reported in mole or fractional terms, which has consequences when studying the allocation of cellular resources.
Fear of cancer recurrence in childhood cancer survivors: A developmental perspective from infancy to young adulthood
Authors: Tutelman Perri R. , Heathcote Lauren C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsFear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is among the most prevalent and distressing concerns reported by cancer survivors. While younger age is the most consistent predictor of elevated FCR, research to date has focused almost exclusively on adult cancer survivors. This is despite the fact that children with cancer are more likely to survive compared to adults, and will become regular, lifelong users of the medical system to mitigate the effects of toxic treatment. The early experience of cancer yields unique challenges and circumstances that may impact children's capacity for and experience of FCR across the developmental trajectory. The aim of this paper is to present a developmental perspective of FCR from infancy to young adulthood.MethodsDrawing on the developmental science literature and recent theoretical advancements in FCR, we outline cognitive and social factors that may influence children's capacity for and experience of FCR across the developmental trajectory.ResultsFirst, distinct developmental groups that fall under the classification of “childhood cancer survivor,” and that all require attention, are summarized. Using the structure of these groupings, we centrally provide a developmental perspective of FCR that offers a useful starting point for research in pediatric populations. Key research gaps, including the need for validated assessment tools to measure FCR in child and adolescent survivors, are highlighted.ConclusionsConsideration of the unique context of childhood is needed to guide the identification of childhood cancer survivors at risk for FCR as well as the development of effective FCR interventions for this population.
Genomic screening and molecular dynamics simulations of cyanovirin‐N homologs from cyanobacteria phylum
Authors: Siqueira Andrei Santos , Lima Alex Ranieri Jerônimo , Aguiar Delia Cristina Figueira , Santos Alberdan Silva , Gonçalves Evonnildo Costa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe phylum cyanobacteria are one of the most ancient groups of organisms on the planet and are well recognized due to its wide distribution, ecological role, and biotechnological potential. Cyanobacterial lectins are being extensively explored due to their antiviral activity, mainly because of their capacity of inhibiting HIV strains from infecting human cells by gp120 and gp41 binding. Cianovirin‐N from Nostoc ellipsosporum was the first lectin isolated with this property. Since then, various homologs have been discovered and characterized. In this article, we present results of a genomic screening to find cyanovirin‐N homologs (CVNH) in all cyanobacteria genomes available in the GenBank, resulting in 155 CVNH proteins with 63 presenting significant identity differences of cyanovirin‐N. Homology modeling and molecular dynamics were employed to characterize 18 unexplored models and their functional capacity of binding to Manα(1‐2)Man. Results presented here support the hypothesis of multiple ligand recognition for the CVNH family and may help to understand the function of these lectins for the producer cyanobacteria. Additionally, the theoretical results observed here justify carrying out experimental investigations that can expand the therapeutic potential of cyanobacterial lectins.
Primer and probe conservation issue in the quantification of hepatitis B virus DNA
Authors: Teh Chye Phing , Chook Jack Bee , Ngeow Yun Fong , Tong Tommy Yuh Koon , Tee Kok Keng , Bong Jan Jin , Mohamed Rosmawati 
Published: October 2020

SummaryCurrent treatment strategies for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection aim at long‐term suppression of the viral replication since a cure remains elusive. Its clinical management therefore relies greatly on routine monitoring of serum HBV DNA levels using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. Designing a highly conserved oligonucleotide set for the qPCR assay can be challenging due to the high genetic heterogeneity of the virus. The ever‐increasing number of HBV genomes deposited in the GenBank nucleotide database warrants a revisit to previous primer and probe designs. We examined primer and probe sets from 53 qPCR assays published in the past 2 decades for their coverage in 9864 complete HBV genomes retrieved from GenBank. Of all the 53 qPCR assays, only 17% achieved ≥80% coverage. About 40% of the 53 assays covered less than 20% of the 9864 genomes. In silico DNA thermodynamics analysis demonstrated reduced primer/probe binding affinity, which further increases the risk of viral load misdetection and underestimation for certain HBV variants. Taken together, there is a pressing need for improving available qPCR designs for the quantification of HBV DNA based on the updated genome data.
Effectiveness of a low‐dose mindfulness‐based intervention for alleviating distress in young unemployed adults
Authors: Roemer Anja , Sutton Anna , Grimm Carsten , Medvedev Oleg N. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhile the effectiveness of mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) with respect to distress has been widely researched, unemployed individuals, who often suffer from high levels of distress, have largely been neglected in MBI research. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a low‐dose MBI on distress in a sample of young unemployed adults. The sample included 239 young unemployed adults enrolled for a 6‐week long employability‐related training camp. Participants were allocated into an intervention group that received weekly 1‐hour mindfulness training over 4 weeks, and a control group. Dispositional mindfulness, distress and well‐being were assessed in the entire sample prior to the start and upon completion of the mindfulness training. A mixed model ANCOVA showed that distress was inversely and significantly predicted by baseline levels of mindfulness and well‐being. After accounting for the baseline levels of mindfulness and well‐being, a significant effect of the mindfulness intervention was evident. This result shows that a low‐dose MBI can decrease distress in a sample of young unemployed adults and its effectiveness is positively associated with initial levels of dispositional mindfulness and well‐being.
The relationship between stressors of temporary work and counterproductive work behaviour
Authors: Striler Jamie , Shoss Mindy , Jex Steve 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRecent research on temporary work has suggested that temporary work experiences vary greatly in quality. In light of concerns about diminished quality of some temporary work experiences, we suggest that temporary workers may experience a variety of stressful work situations that could precipitate detrimental outcomes not only for these workers, but also for their co‐workers and organizations. Using a multi‐wave survey of temporary workers, this study examines the relationship between economic, interpersonal, and organizational stressors and counterproductive work behaviour (CWB). Specifically, we hypothesize that economic stressors (operationalized as economic hardship and job insecurity), interpersonal conflict and organizational constraints will predict the extent to which temporary workers perform CWB via emotional exhaustion and moral disengagement pathways. Three waves of data show that temporary workers experiencing higher levels of economic hardship, interpersonal conflict and organizational constraints reported greater emotional exhaustion, which was linked to increased frequency of CWBs. Additionally, higher levels of job insecurity and interpersonal conflict were related to higher levels of moral disengagement, which related to increased frequency of CWBs. These findings highlight relationships of different stressors with emotional and cognitive reactions that may trigger CWB in temporary workers.
Host–guest materials with room temperature phosphorescence: Tunable emission color and thermal printing patterns
Authors: Wang Yunsheng , Yang Jie , Gong Yanxiang , Fang Manman , Li Zhen , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe research of purely organic materials with long afterglow has drawn more and more attention, especially for those with stimulus‐response characteristic. So far, this kind of material is really very scarce and their performance is not good enough. In this study, we successfully developed an efficient heating‐responsive room‐temperature phosphorescence material with phosphorescence efficiency and lifetime up to 13.4% and 2.08 s through the simple host–guest doping strategy. Further on, by introducing the additional energy acceptor of fluorescein with concentration‐dependent emission to construct ternary doping systems, the afterglow color was extended from blue to yellow. Accordingly, the multicolor thermal printings have been easily realized, showing the great practical application prospects.
Experimental study on seismic behavior of precast beam‐column connections under cyclic loading
Authors: Zhang Qian , Wang Shuo , Meloni Marco , Feng Jian , Xu Jian , Cai Jianguo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPrecast concrete structures have satisfactory performances in quality control and construction progress. This article experimentally studied the seismic behavior of a type of precast beam‐column connection. Three full‐scale specimens are designed with different longitudinal reinforcement ratios and details of connections. Precast beam‐column connections are systematically investigated focusing on their failure modes, hysteretic and skeleton curves, strength, ductility, stiffness degradation, and energy dissipation capacity. Test results show that the shear panel damage becomes more serious, and the ductility drops dramatically by 32.3% with the increased reinforcement ratio. Moreover, with the change from service holes to reserved grooves, the ductility of the specimen increases evidently, and the energy dissipation capacity fully developed, increasing by 24.0%. Furthermore, influences of reinforcement ratio and detail of construction on the trend of stiffness degradation showed to be not significant. Research findings could provide guidelines for the popularization and application of this type of precast beam‐column connection in reinforcement concrete frame structures.
A state of the art of flat‐slab frame tests for gravity and lateral loading
Authors: Coronelli Dario , Muttoni Aurelio , Pascu Ion R. , Ramos Antonio P. , Netti Teresa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a critical review of the state of the art of experimental research concerning the seismic response of reinforced concrete flat slab frames. After a summary of tests on connections, the paper examines tests carried out on frames with gravity and cyclic lateral loading, and shake table tests; scaled specimens and one real scale study are included. A discussion of the results reached so far is provided focusing on the global response, the different load types and effects; the ultimate rotations at failure in relation to the gravity shear and a classification of different failure modes for different types of connections. Based on this analysis, the research needs are highlighted. An experimental program launched to address these open questions is described. Further open topics are highlighted.
Thymoquinone loaded calcium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol carrier inhibits the 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a]anthracene‐induced hamster oral cancer via the down‐regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways
Authors: Pu Yumei , Hu Shiqi , Chen Yongfeng , Zhang Qian , Xia Chengwan , Deng Han , Wang Yuxin , Hu Qingang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOral cancer is a multifactorial cancer that affects millions of peoples worldwide. The current exploration aimed to evaluate the mechanisms that thymoquinone nanoencapsulated carrier and its effects on 7,12‐Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) stimulated hamster buccal pouch cancer in Syrian hamster model. Nanocarrier was characterized by SEM, TEM, FTIR analysis. The incidence of tumor, and biochemicals makers was studied through standard methods. The mRNA expression level of inflammatory markers NF‐κBp50, NF‐κBp65, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR markers in the buccal tissues of control and experimental animals were investigated through RT‐PCR analysis. In thymoquinone (TQ) loaded calcium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol carrier (TQ/Ca‐alg‐PVA) no squamous cell carcinogenesis developed and others moderate dysplasia revealed differentiated form of hyperplasia and keratosis. In biochemical analyses with DMBA + TQ/Ca‐alg‐PVA (20 mg/kg bw) orally administered hamsters showed restored the antioxidants, detoxification, xenobiotic metabolising enzymes in DMBA induced plasma and oral tissues of hamsters. Further, mRNA expression level of NF‐κBp50/p65 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR were upregulated in the DMBA alone painted hamster. In contrast, these expressions were down regulated in orally TQ/Ca‐alg‐PVA treated experimental animals. This ability more eligible to deregulate the inflammatory and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway that proved it suppresses anti‐invasion/metastasis activity during hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. From this study, we recommended that TQ/Ca‐alg‐PVA has documented as effective chemopreventive agents, in further many molecular machineries need to study.
Bayesian mixture models for cytometry data analysis
Authors: Lin Lin , Hejblum Boris P 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBayesian mixture models are increasingly used for model‐based clustering and the follow‐up analysis on the clusters identified. As such, they are of particular interest for analyzing cytometry data where unsupervised clustering and association studies are often part of the scientific questions. Cytometry data are large quantitative data measured in a multidimensional space that typically ranges from a few dimensions to several dozens, and which keeps increasing due to innovative high‐throughput biotechonologies. We present several recent parametric and nonparametric Bayesian mixture modeling approaches, and describe advantages and limitations of these models under different research context for cytometry data analysis. We also acknowledge current computational challenges associated with the use of Bayesian mixture models for analyzing cytometry data, and we draw attention to recent developments in advanced numerical algorithms for estimating large Bayesian mixture models, which we believe have the potential to make Bayesian mixture model more applicable to new types of single‐cell data with higher dimensions.This article is categorized under:Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Knowledge DiscoveryStatistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Modeling MethodsStatistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Bayesian Methods and Theory