bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
#EarthquakeAdvisory: Exploring Discourse between Government Officials, News Media, and Social Media during the 2016 Bombay Beach Swarm
Authors: McBride Sara K. , Llenos Andrea L. , Page Morgan T. , van der Elst Nicholas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCommunicating probabilities of natural hazards to varied audiences is a notoriously difficult task. Many of these challenges were encountered during the 2016 Bombay Beach, California, swarm of ~100 2≤M≤4.3 earthquakes, which began on 26 September 2016 and lasted for several days. The swarm’s proximity to the southern end of the San Andreas fault caused concern that a larger earthquake could be triggered. Within 1–2 days, different forecast models were used to evaluate the likelihood of a larger event with two agencies (the U.S. Geological Survey [USGS] and the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services) releasing probabilities and forecasts for larger earthquakes. Our research explores communication and news media efforts, as well as how people on a microblogging social media site (Twitter) responded to these forecasts. Our findings suggest that news media used a combination of information sources, basing their articles on what they learned from social media, as well as using information provided by government agencies. As the swarm slowed down, there is evidence of the continued interplay between news media and social media, with the USGS issuing revised probability reports and scientists from the USGS and other institutions participating in media interviews. In reporting on the swarm, news media often used language more generally than the scientists; terms such as probability, likelihood, chance, and possibility were used interchangeably. Knowledge of how news media used scientific information from the 2016 Bombay Beach forecasts can assist local, state, and federal agencies in developing effective communication strategies to respond to future earthquakes.
Some Biological Parameters of Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) in Pesticide-Applied Vermicompost
Authors: KOÇ İbrahim , ILIKHAN Birgül 
Published: November 2019

The objective of this study
was to determine some biological parameters of red California worm (Eisenia fetida) in pesticides applied
vermicompost. The study conducted under in-vitro
conditions, as Randomized Block Design with five raplications. Commonly
used Granland®, Demond® and Safacol®
pesticides in Muş province (Turkey) were used as treatments. The temperature
and humidity ratio for the experiment were 20-29°C and 70 to 90%,
respectively. The experiments were
resumed until the young worms hatched from a cocoon reproduced cocoons again.
For investigating the effect of the treatments on specific features One-Way
Analysis of Variance (One-way ANOVA) and for determining of different groups
TUKEY Multiple Comparison Test were used.
Variance analysis indicated that there was no statistically differences
among fungicide doses in terms of worm weight (P=0.113);
however, there were differences in terms of insecticide and herbicide doses
(P=0.000). It was detected that there were significant differences among
pesticide doses in respect to the cocoon and worm numbers (P=0.000).
The Beginnings of Art History and Connoisseurship Studies in Ancient China
Authors: Łakomska Bogna 
Published: November 2019

Początki naukowej myśli o sztuce i zabytkoznawstwa w starożytnych Chinach
Artykuł przedstawia historię kształtowania się myśli o sztuce i antykach w dawnych Chinach, począwszy od czasów dynastii Wei i Jin po wczesny okres dynastii Song. Celem niniejszego tekstu jest prezentacja zarówno teoretycznych koncepcji na temat malarstwa i kaligrafii pisanych przez artystów i uczonych-urzędników w różnych okresach, jak również przedstawienie rodzącego się zainteresowania zabytkoznawstwem. Artykuł pokazuje, w jaki sposób studia nad teorią sztuki ulegały zmianie, osiągając większy stopień dojrzałości w połowie IX wieku n.e., tj. w momencie, kiedy Zhang Yanyuan napisał „Rejestr Słynnych Malarzy wszystkich Dynastii”, dając tym samym asumpt do kolejnych studiów nad sztuką.
HUMAN LAB RATS IN JAMES DASHNER’S THE MAZE RUNNER SERIES (2009 – 2011): HISTORICAL REFERENCES, PRESENT ALLUSIONS, AND DYSTOPIAN FUTURE
Authors: Z. Alkhafaji Mayada , Yaroub Ansam 
Published: November 2019

Purpose: This study aims to shed the light on allusions to real lab rats in Dashner’s trilogy: The Maze Runner (2009), The Scorch Trails (2010), and The Death Cure (2011). It also aims to trace the historical documents and chronicles essential to reveal the justifications behind the vague political and scientific crimes. Methodology: The researchers have used the literary analytical approach to study and analyze selected prominent aspects from each novel; such as the concept of lab rats and genocide crimes in The Maze Runner; references to weather experiments, the climate change conspiracy, gas chambers, and the Holocaust in The Scorch Trails; and finally, the man-made diseases and biological weapons in The Death Cure. Results: The outcomes confirm the necessity of knowing history whether bright or dark as a keyword to understand the present and predict the future. Also, Dashner has based The Maze Runners series on historical references as well as present-day vital scientific issues to predict a catastrophic future if a decision is not made. Young adult is chosen to lead the revolution against human abusing crimes and make a change. Applications: To develop a high understanding of young adult fiction, the researchers recommend those who are interested in literature with the necessity to apply this study to other post-apocalyptic, survival, adventure, science and dystopian series fictions, movies adaptations of related books, and related video games series that addressing young adults’ mind in order to diagnose any dilemma . Novelty/Originality: Hence, this study makes a difference in the sense of exposing the genocide crimes committed by the name of science embedded in Dashner's The Maze Runners series by tracing the historical, social, political, and scientific justifications regarding the concept of human lab rats as one of the worst human abusing experiences still used by tyrant regimes till now in ethnic and sectarian purification.
THERMOGRAPHIC EVALUATION FOR THE DIVERSE STAGE OF ANXIETY ON FACE TEMPERATURE AT FRONTAL AND TEMPORAL USING THERMAL IMAGING
Authors: Nata Septiadi Wayan , Dian Sulistiowati Ni Made , Wakhid Abdul 
Published: November 2019

that it is able to provide accurate results about the temperature picture. The purpose of this study was to examine if there were differences in anxiety conditions at facial temperatures measured using thermal imaging.
Methodology: Eighty-one participants were taking the pre-clinical exams was chosen as the inclusion criteria and were divided into four categories of anxiety range (not anxious, mild anxiety, moderate anxiety, and severe anxiety) based on their score measured that using the General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) as the instrument. The participants were measured their face temperature using thermal imaging on the upper forehead (frontal) and left-right forehead (temporal). Data was analyzed to show the characteristic of anxiety level on the frontal and temporal temperature. There were difference anxiety conditions (no anxious, mildly anxious, moderate anxious and severe anxious) to thermal imaging face temperatures in the frontal and temporal.
Main findings: The results showed that more increased the temporal and frontal of face temperature, more severe the anxiety. There is a significant negative relationship between face temperature and anxiety level (p <0.05).
Implications: These findings showed that anxiety can be fast screening with a thermal imaging image. Further research is needed to determine the specificity and sensitivity of thermal imaging as an anxiety detection tool with a short time and without invasive action as one of the technological advances.
Novelty: There are no studies that discussed the correlation between anxiety with face temperature using thermal imaging.
Termal ve Kimyasal Önişlemlerin Atıksu Çamuru ve Şeker Pancarı Küspesi Karışımından Biyogaz Eldesindeki Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Peker Burak , Dadaşer Çelik Filiz 
Published: November 2019

Bu
çalışmada, evsel atık suların arıtılması sonrası oluşan arıtma çamuru ve şeker
fabrikalarından atık olarak çıkan şeker pancarı küspesi kullanılarak biyogaz üretim
düzeyleri incelenmiştir. Bu maddelerden biyogaz üretim veriminin arttırılması
için termal ve kimyasal önişlemlerin etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada 30 gün süreyle mezofilik şartlarda
anaerobik işlem uygulanmış, biyogaz üretim düzeyleri ve biyogaz içindeki metan
oranları ölçülmüştür. Önişlem uygulanmamış şeker pancarı küspesinden metan
üretim düzeyleri 84 L/kg UKM (uçucu katı madde) olarak gerçekleşirken, önişlem
uygulanmamış arıtma çamuru 67 L/kg UKM düzeyinde metan üretmiştir. Şeker
pancarı küspesi ve arıtma çamuru birlikte hammadde olarak kullanıldığında ise
metan üretim düzeyi 103 L/kg UKM olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Şeker pancarı küspesi ve
arıtma çamuru karışımlarına termal ve kimyasal (O3 ve NaOH) ön
işlemler uygulanmıştır. Termal ön işlemli karışımın metan üretim düzeyi 116
L/kg UKM, NaOH ile önişlem uygulanmış karışımın metan üretim düzeyi 99 L/kg UKM
ve ozon ile önişlem uygulanmış karışımın metan üretim düzeyi ise 133 L/kg UKM
olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Sonuç olarak, kimyasal ve termal önişlemlerin
atıklardan biyogaz eldesini arttırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Hammaddelere
uygulanan önişlemler organik maddenin daha kolay bozunabilir hale gelmesini
sağlamış, böylece daha yüksek biyogaz üretimi gerçekleşmiştir.
Irrigation and Debridement, Modular Exchange, and Implant Retention for Acute Periprosthetic Infection After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Choo Kevin J. , Austin Matthew , Parvizi Javad 
Published: November 2019

The role of irrigation and debridement, modular exchange, and implant retention for the treatment of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains controversial. The proposed benefits of debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention, often referred to as DAIR, include reduced economic cost and morbidity of 2-stage reimplantation
1
. The primary disadvantage of this approach is a higher rate of failure and infection recurrence
2,3
. Furthermore, several authors have demonstrated inferior outcomes of 2-stage exchange revision arthroplasty after a failed attempt at limited debridement with implant retention
4–6
.
Because of study heterogeneity, the outcomes of acute PJI treatment with irrigation and debridement and implant retention have been variable in the literature, with reported success rates ranging from 16% to 100%; overall, the success rate is around 50%
3,7,8
. Recently, studies evaluating outcomes of DAIR have indicated that host factors, organism type, the timing of intervention, and the duration of symptoms can influence the likelihood of success with this approach
7,9–12
.
DAIR may be considered for all patients with early postoperative PJI or an acute hematogenous infection in the context of well-fixed implants and a healthy soft-tissue envelope. Chronic PJI should be considered an absolute contraindication to DAIR
13
. The patient’s health status, comorbidities, and immune status also should be considered. Caution should be exercised when considering DAIR for a patient in whom preoperative cultures demonstrate a drug-resistant or highly virulent organism, because of a higher risk of failure
1,9,14,15
. With careful patient selection and meticulous surgical technique, it is possible to achieve success with this treatment strategy.
The surgical procedure begins with a medial parapatellar approach and arthrotomy. A complete synovectomy is then performed, and remaining synovial tissue is aggressively debrided. Multiple culture samples should be obtained, and aseptic technique should be utilized to decrease contamination. The implant is interrogated to ensure stable fixation. Following adequate debridement, high-volume irrigation is performed; in cases involving irrigation and debridement with implant retention, we recommend incorporation of an antiseptic solution such as povidone-iodine. We recommend switching to a clean setup to facilitate sterile, uncontaminated closure of the wound, which is performed in a standard fashion. Meticulous attention should be paid to layered closure, and, if there is concern about delayed skin-healing, incisional negative-pressure wound therapy may be utilized.
New Tools for the Evaluation of Asbestos-Related Risk during Excavation in an NOA-Rich Geological Setting
Authors: Turci Francesco , Avataneo Chiara , Botta Serena , Marcelli Igor , Barale Luca , Tomatis Maura , Cossio Roberto , Tallone Sergio , Piana Fabrizio , Compagnoni Roberto 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
The presence of naturally occurring asbestos (NOA) in many areas worldwide requires an enhanced geological risk evaluation to ensure workplace safety from asbestos during large construction projects. Due to the complexity of the geological risk definition, health and safety regulations for working with asbestos-bearing materials are often not enforceable in NOA settings. Therefore, to correctly estimate the risk of NOA in these scenarios, new procedures are urgently needed to provide (1) a detailed geological model representative of the possible presence of the asbestos, (2) representative sampling, and (3) a reliable quantitative determination of asbestos content in rocks. This work aims to discuss the improvements on the two latter points specifically developed during the design of the “Gronda di Genova” project, a 50-km-long tunnel bypass partially designed in the NOA-bearing meta-ophiolites of the Ligurian Alps and ophiolites of the northern Apennines in Italy. Implementation of Gy's theory on sampling was used to maintain statistical validity during sample processing from the primary sample to the analytical sample and is here described. The scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy procedure for the quantification of NOA was improved with an error analysis delivering the minimum number of fibers to be measured to achieve the best analytical results.
Reduced-Order Modeling of Coupled Flow and Quasistatic Geomechanics
Authors: Jin Zhaoyang Larry , Garipov Timur , Volkov Oleg , Durlofsky Louis J. 
Published: November 2019

Summary
A reduced-order-modeling (ROM) framework is developed and applied to simulate coupled flow/quasistatic-geomechanics problems. The reduced-order model is constructed using POD-TPWL, in which proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), which enables representation of the solution unknowns in a low-dimensional subspace, is combined with trajectory-piecewise linearization (TPWL), where solutions with new sets of well controls are represented by means of linearization around previously simulated (training) solutions. The overdetermined system of equations is projected into the low-dimensional subspace using a least-squares Petrov-Galerkin (LSPG) procedure, which has been shown to maintain numerical stability in POD-TPWL models. The states and derivative matrices required by POD-TPWL, generated by an extended version of the Stanford University Automatic Differentiation General Purpose Research Simulator (AD-GPRS), are provided in an offline (preprocessing or training) step. Offline computational requirements correspond to the equivalent of five to eight full-order simulations, depending on the number of training runs used. Run-time (online) speedups of O(100) or more are typically achieved for new POD-TPWL test-case simulations. The POD-TPWL model is tested extensively for a 2D coupled problem involving oil/water flow and geomechanics. It is shown that POD-TPWL provides predictions of reasonable accuracy, relative to full-order simulations, for well-rate quantities, global pressure and saturation fields, global maximum- and minimum-principal-stress fields, and the Mohr-Coulomb rock-failure criterion, for the cases considered. A systematic study of POD-TPWL error is conducted using various training procedures for different levels of perturbation between test and training cases. The use of randomness in the well-bottomhole-pressure (BHP) profiles used in training is shown to be beneficial in terms of POD-TPWL solution accuracy. The procedure is also successfully applied to a prototype 3D example case.
Are the Philippines ready for HIV self-testing?
Authors: Gohil Jesal , Baja Emmanuel , SY Tyrone Reden , Guevara Ernest , Hemingway Charlotte , Medina Paul Mark , Coppens Leila , Dalmacion Godofreda V. , Taegtmeyer Miriam 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: The Philippines is facing a rapidly rising HIV epidemic among young men who have sex with men (MSM). Testing rates among young populations is poor. HIV self-testing (HIVST) is a promising strategy to address this testing gap. Exploring the perceived acceptability, feasibility and programmatic challenges of HIVST among key informants and target users is an important first step.Method: A qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions (FGD). We interviewed 15 key informants involved with HIV testing programs or policies and 42 target users in six FGD in Metro Manila. We held separate discussions with high socio-economic MSM (n= 12), urban poor MSM (n=15) and transgender women (TGW) (n= 15). Results were analysed using a thematic framework approach.Results: MSM and TGW welcomed the convenience and privacy HIVST could provide. They preferred an inexpensive accurate blood-based kit attained from reputable sites. Key informants at national and local level equally welcomed HIVST but identified a number of policy and regulatory issues. Both groups articulated the challenge of enrolling those who test reactive using HIVST to further testing and treatment in an environment characterised by acute stigma around HIV.Conclusions: HIVST was found to be highly acceptable to target users and was welcomed as an additional testing approach at national level. Strategic alliances are now needed between stakeholders to proactively deliver a patient-centred HIVST program that could provide an effective, safe means of increasing testing coverage in this escalating context.
Patterns of physical activity and health-related quality of life amongst patients with multimorbidity in a multi-ethnic Asian population
Authors: Subramaniam Mythily , Zhang Yunjue , Lau Jue Hua , Vaingankar Janhavi Ajit , Abdin Edimansyah , Chong Siow Ann , Lee Eng Sing 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: The co-occurrence of two or more chronic medical conditions in an individual is defined as multimorbidity. Lifestyle factors, including poor dietary patterns, physical inactivity, tobacco use, and excessive alcohol consumption are key modifiable risk factors that play a role in the development of chronic medical conditions and potentially multimorbidity. The current study aimed to examine the levels of physical activity among those with multimorbidity and its association with socio-demographic factors, clinical parameters, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among community-dwelling adults attending a primary care clinic in Singapore. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with multimorbidity between August 2014 and June 2016. Physical activity was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short Form. Health related quality of life (HRQoL) was measured using the EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D-3L). Data on clinical parameters like hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and blood pressure were collected from patient records. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and linear regression were performed to determine the association between IPAQ and clinical health outcomes, as well as HRQoL measures, respectively. Results: In all, 932 respondents with multimorbidity were recruited for the study. Of them, 500 (53.8%) had low physical activity, 325 (35.0%) had moderate physical activity, while 104 (11.2%) had high physical activity. Respondents who were insufficiently active had significantly higher odds of being overweight/ obese (OR: 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1- 1.9, p = 0.01) as compared to those were sufficient physical active. The multiple linear regression model revealed that insufficient activity level was negatively associated with EQ-5D index scores (β = -0.05, p < 0.001) and the visual acuity scale measuring HRQoL as compared to sufficient activity levels in respondents with multimorbidity. Conclusions: The low levels of physical activity among patients with multimorbidity, and its association with overweight status and poorer HRQoL emphasizes the importance of increasing physical activity in this population. Family physicians treating patients with chronic diseases need to continue encouraging and helping individuals to initiate and maintain appropriate physical activity levels.
Facilitators and Barriers of Managing Patients with Multiple Chronic Conditions in the Community: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Foo Kah Mun , Sundram Meena , Legido-Quigley Helena 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background About one-third of all adults worldwide were diagnosed with multiple chronic conditions (MCCs). Literature had found several challenges of providers and patients coping with managing MCCs in the community, and yet limited research studies that consider their viewpoints in combination. A qualitative study involving healthcare providers and users was thus conducted to examine facilitators and barriers of managing patients with MCCs in the community in Singapore. Methods This involves 26 semi-structured interviews with 10 physicians, 2 caregivers and 14 patients seeking treatment in the polyclinics that provides subsidised primary care services. Topic guides were developed with reference from literature review, Chronic Care Model (CCM) and Framework for patient-centred access to healthcare. Results Despite perceived affordable charges and availability of support system, some patients still encountered financial difficulties in managing care. These include inadequacy of the nation-wide medical savings scheme to cover outpatient treatment and medications. Half of the healthcare users did not know where to seek help. While patients could access comprehensive services in polyclinics, those that did not turn up might not receive timely care. Furthermore, patients reported long consultation waiting time. Physicians were able to propose and drive quality improvement projects to improve care quality. However, there were challenges of delivering safe and quality care with limited consultation duration due to the need to manage waiting time, inadequate communication with specialists to coordinate care, and resource constraints in managing complex patients. Although providers could equip patients with self-management and lifestyle related guidelines, patients’ actions are influenced by multiple factors including work nature, beliefs and environment. Conclusions There were barriers on care access, delivery and self-management as reported. It is crucial to adopt whole-of-society approach involving individuals, community, institutions and policymakers to improve and support MCCs management. This study has also highlighted the importance to consider different viewpoints of healthcare providers and users in policy formulation and community care planning.