bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What kind of sanitation should be applied to remove <em>Brettanomyces bruxellensis</em> biofilms?
Authors: Deluchat Manon , Lhomme Claire , Degueurce Claudine , Serpaggi Virginie , Lacroix Romain , Lebleux Manon , Weidmann Stéphanie , Rousseaux Sandrine 
Published: January 2021

The capacity for five Brettanomyces bruxellensis strains to form biofilm on stainless steel was confirmed, and the sanitation of these biofilms was tested using a solution of lactic acid and a reference method (a solution of foaming caustic soda and peroxide at 5 %). Different responses were observed depending on the strain: lactic acid solution induced a slight reduction in cell population, while the reference method resulted in the elimination of the adhered cells for three strains, but generated VBNC states for two others. The effects of sanitation on the biofilm formed is strain-dependent.
Informal Caregivers During the COVID-19 Pandemic Perceive Additional Burden: Findings From an Ad-hoc Survey in Germany
Authors: Budnick Andrea , Hering Christian , Eggert Simon , Teubner Christian , Suhr Ralf , Kuhlmey Adelheid , Gellert Paul 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: While the relation between care involvement of informal caregivers and caregiver burden is well-known, the additional burden of informal caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic has not yet been investigated.Methods: A total of 1,000 informal caregivers, recruited offline, participated in a cross-sectional online survey from April 21 to May 2, 2020. Questionnaires were used to assess COVID-19-specific changes in the care situation, negative feelings in the care situation, problems with implementation of COVID-19 measures, concerns/excessive demands, loss of support, change in informal caregivers’ own involvement in care and problems with provision, comprehension & practicability of COVID-19 information, and to relate these issues to five indicators of care involvement (i.e., being the main caregiver, high expenditure of time, high level of care, dementia, no professional help). Binomial and multiple regression analyses were applied.Results: Across indicators of care involvement, 25.5-39.7% reported that the care situation rather or greatly worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for those caring for someone with dementia or those usually relying on professional help. In a multiple regression model, the mean number of involvement indicators met was associated with age (β = .18; CI .10-.25), excessive demands (β = .10, CI .00-.19), problems with implementation of COVID-19 measures (β = .11, CI .04-.19), an increase in caregiving by the informal caregivers themselves (β = .14, CI .03-.24) as well as with no change in the amount of caregiving (β = .18, CI .07-.29) and loss of support (β = -.08, CI -.16-.00). No significant associations with the mean number of involvement indicators met were found for gender, educational level, change in the care situation, negative feelings, and provision, comprehension & practicability of COVID-19 information.Conclusion: Those caregivers who perceived extensive care burden were those who suffered most during the pandemic, calling for structural support by the healthcare system now and in the future.Trial registration: This article does not report the results of a health care intervention on human participants.
Epidemiological Features of Hypertension Among Ischemic Survivors in Northeast China: Insights From A Population-Based Study, 2017-2019
Authors: Jing Li , Tian Yuanmeng , Ren Guocheng , Zhang Limin , Shi Lei , Dai Dong , Xing Liying , Liu Shuang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Hypertension remains the major modifiable risk factor of stroke recurrence. The study aimed to determine the up-to-date epidemiological features of hypertension among the survivors of ischemic stroke.Methods Our cross-sectional study included 18,796 adults aged ≥ 40 years and residing in northeast China. Ischemic stroke was diagnosed according to the World Health Organization’s criteria. Hypertension was defined according to the Chinese hypertension guidelines.Results Of the 986 survivors of ischemic stroke, 819 (83.1%) were diagnosed with hypertension. Among hypertensive patients, the awareness, treatment and control rates were 76.8%, 66.7% and 7.3% respectively. Only 11.0% achieved an appropriate blood pressure among those who took hypertensive medications. 16.1% of treated hypertensive patients received combination therapy, and calcium channel blockers were the most frequently used anti-hypertensive medication as monotherapy. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the stroke population was 155.3 ± 22.9 mm Hg and 89.2 ± 12.3 mm Hg. Both SBP and DBP were higher in rural patients than in urban patients (158.5 ± 23.8 mm Hg vs. 146.4 ± 17.5 mm Hg and 90.3 ± 12.9 mm Hg vs. 85.9 ± 10.1 mm Hg, respectively; p < 0.001). The rates of stage 2 and above hypertension in the ischemic stroke population were 32.5% and 18.7%, and was significantly higher in rural areas than in urban areas.Conclusions The prevalence of poorly-controlled hypertension and the high rates of blood pressures at stages 2 and above in patients with prior ischemic stroke demonstrated an alarming situation in northeast China.
High-Performance Computing Framework Based on Distributed Systems for Large-Scale Neurophysiological Data
Authors: Hadianpour Mohsen , Rezayat Ehsan , Dehaqani Mohammad-Reza 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Due to the significantly drastic progress and improvement in neurophysiological recording technologies, neuroscientists have faced various complexities dealing with unstructured large-scale neural data. In the neuroscience community, these complexities could create serious bottlenecks in storing, sharing, and processing neural datasets. In this article, we developed a distributed high-performance computing (HPC) framework called `Big neuronal data framework' (BNDF), to overcome these complexities. BNDF is based on open-source big data frameworks, Hadoop and Spark providing a flexible and scalable structure. We examined BNDF on three different large-scale electrophysiological recording datasets from nonhuman primate’s brains. Our results exhibited faster runtimes with scalability due to the distributed nature of BNDF. We compared BNDF results to a widely used platform like MATLAB in an equitable computational resource. Compared with other similar methods, using BNDF provides more than five times faster performance in spike sorting as a usual neuroscience application.
New-onset postoperative seizures in patients with diffuse gliomas: a risk assessment analysis
Authors: Li Lianwang , Li Guanzhang , Fang Shengyu , Zhang Kenan , Huang Ruoyu , Wang Yinyan , Zhang Chuanbao , Li Yiming , Zhang Wei , Zhang Zhong , Jin Qiang , Zhou Dabiao , Fan Xing , Jiang Tao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Glioma-related epilepsy (GRE) is the most common presenting sign of patients with diffuse glioma. According to clinical experience, new-onset postoperative seizures can be observed even in patients without preoperative GRE. The current study mainly aimed to explore the risk factors of new-onset postoperative seizures in those patients. In addition, the prognostic value of new-onset postoperative seizures was also discussed.
Methods

Data of 313 patients without GRE were retrospectively reviewed. Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test were first performed to compare categorical variables between patients with new-onset postoperative seizures and those without. Subsequently, binary logistic regression analysis was conduct to further assess risk factors of new-onset postoperative seizures. Kaplan-Meier and Cox analysis were used to investigate the prognostic value of new-onset postoperative seizures for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
Results

Patients with low-grade tumors (p = 0.006), isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation (p = 0.040) or low Ki-67 expression (p = 0.005) showed a higher incidence of new-onset postoperative seizures. IDH1 mutation was identified as the only independent predictor for new-onset postoperative seizures (OR, 2.075; 95% CI, 1.051–4.098; p = 0.035). Additionally, new-onset postoperative seizure occurrence was demonstrated as an independent predicter of prolonged OS (OR, 0.574; 95% CI, 0.335–0.983; p = 0.043).
Conclusions

IDH1 mutation is an independent predictor for new-onset postoperative seizures in patients without preoperative GRE. Moreover, new-onset postoperative seizures can independently predict prolonged OS in those patients. The results of the current study can contribute to improving the individualized management of diffuse glioma.
Metal Ions Modify in Vitro DNA&nbsp;Damage Yields With High-LET&nbsp;Radiation
Authors: Buglewicz Dylan , Su Cathy , Banks Austin , Strenger-smith Jazmine , Elmegerhi Suad , Kato Takamitsu , Hirakawa Hirokaru , Fujimori Akira 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Cu2+ and Co2+ are metals known to increase DNA damage in the presence of hydrogen peroxide through a Fenton type reaction. We hypothesized that these metals could increase DNA damage following irradiations of increasing LET values as hydrogen peroxide is a product of the radiolysis of water. The reaction mixtures contain either double- or single-stranded DNA in solution with Cu2+ or Co2+ and was irradiated either with X-ray, carbon-ion or iron-ion beams or was treated with hydrogen peroxide or bleomycin at increasing radiation dosages or chemical concentrations. DNA damage was then assessed by gel electrophoresis followed by band intensity analysis. DNA in solution with metals demonstrated the most DNA damage when treated with hydrogen peroxide followed by irradiation with low-LET (X-Ray), high-LET (carbon-ion and iron-ion), respectively, and demonstrated the least damage with treatment of bleomycin. Cu2+ portrayed greater DNA damage than Co2+ following all experimental conditions. The metals effect caused more DNA damage and was observed to be LET dependent for single-strand break formation but inversely dependent for double-strand break formation. These results suggest that Cu2+ is more efficient than Co2+ at inducing both DNA single-strand and double-strand breaks following all irradiations and chemical treatments.
Robotic Resection of Duodenal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour: Preliminary Experience from a Single Centre
Authors: Zhou Zhipeng , Tan Xianglong , Zhao Zhiming , Gao Yuanxing , Song Yuyao , Jia Yuze , Cheng-Gang Li 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The experience of minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumours (DGISTs) is accumulating, but there is no consensus on the choice of surgical method. The purpose of this study is to summarize the technique and feasibility of robotic resection of DGIST.Methods: The demographics and perioperative outcomes of a consecutive series of patients who underwent robotic resection and open resection of DGIST between May 1, 2010 and May 1, 2020 were retrospectively analysed. Patients were divided into an open surgery group and a robotic surgery group. Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) or limited resection was performed based on the location of the tumour and the distance between the tumour and duodenal papilla. Age, sex, tumour location, tumour size, operation time (OT), estimated blood loss (EBL), postoperative hospital stay (PHS), tumour mitosis, postoperative risk classification, postoperative recurrence and recurrence-free survival were compared between the two groups.Results: Among the 28 patients, there were 19 males and 9 females aged 51.3± 13.1 years. Limited resection was performed in 17 patients, and PD was performed in 11 patients. Eleven patients underwent open surgery, and 17 patients underwent robotic surgery. Two patients in the robotic surgery group underwent conversion to open surgery. All the tumours were R0 resected, and there was no significant difference in age, sex, tumour size, operation mode, PHS, tumour mitosis, incidence of postoperative complications, risk classification, postoperative targeted drug therapy or postoperative recurrence between the two groups (p>0.05). OT and EBL in the robotic group were significantly different from those in the open surgery group (p<0.05). All the patients survived during the follow-up period, and 4 patients had recurrence and metastasis. No significant difference in recurrence-free survival was noted between the open surgery group and the robotic surgery group (p>0.05).Conclusions: Robotic resection is safe and feasible for patients with duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumours, and its therapeutic effect is equivalent to open surgery.
Co-thermal Degradation Characteristics of Rice Straw and Sewage Sludge&nbsp;
Authors: Ngo Thi Ngoc Lan Thao , Chiang Kung-Yuh 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study investigates the kinetic behaviors and gas evolution of rice straw, sewage sludge, and their blends under co-thermal decomposition processes using Thermogravimetric analysis combined with Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR). The experimental results indicate that sewage sludge could be enhanced the volatile matter decomposition in rice straw co-thermal process at lower temperatures. Activation energy decreases from 53.07 kJ/mol to 48.62 kJ/mol with an increase in sewage sludge addition from 50% to 80% under pyrolysis conditions. The major volatile components were aliphatic chains with double bonds, as well as carbonyl, hydroxyl, and C–H groups in organic compounds by FTIR identification. The tested materials characteristics in terms of volatile matter-to-fixed carbon (VM/FC) ratio was significantly affected the thermal degradation performance. Activation energy was decreased with increasing the VM/FC ratio. It implied that co-thermal reaction could be accelerated. In summary, the results could provide the important information for co-thermal treatment of sewage sludge and rice straw in commercial-scale plant.
Gut microbiome and serum metabolome alterations in isolated dystonia
Authors: Hu Yongfeng , Ma Ling yan , Cheng Min , Liu Bo , Pan Hua , Yang Jian , Feng Tao , Jin Qi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Dystonia is a complex neurological movement disorder characterised by involuntary muscle contractions. The relationship between the gut microbiota and isolated dystonia remains poorly explored.
Methods

We collected faeces and blood samples to study the microbiome and the serum metabolome from a cohort of 57 drug-naïve isolated dystonia patients and 27 age- and environment-matched healthy individuals. We first sequenced the V4 regions of the 16S rDNA gene from all faeces samples. Further, we performed metagenomic sequencing of gut microbiome and non-targeted metabolomics profiling of serum from dystonia patients with significant dysbiosis.
Results

Gut microbial β-diversity was significantly different, with a more heterogeneous community structure among dystonia individuals than healthy controls, while no difference in α-diversity was found. Gut microbiota in dystonia patients was enriched with Blautia obeum, Dorea longicatena and Eubacterium hallii, but depleted with Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides plebeius. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that genes related to the citrate cycle, vitamin B6 and glycan metabolism were less abundant in dystonia, while genes linked to purine and tryptophan biosynthesis were more abundant. Serum metabolome analysis revealed altered levels of tyrosine and glutamate. The integrative analysis of the gut microbiome and serum metabolomics identified dystonia-associated gut microbial species linked to changes in serum metabolites, reflecting the effect of the gut microbiome on metabolic activity in isolated dystonia.
Conclusion

This study is the first to reveal gut microbial dysbiosis in dystonia patients. Our findings identified previously unknown links between intestinal microbiota alterations, circulating amino acids and dystonia, providing new insight into the pathogenesis of isolated dystonia.
Fatty Liver is Associated with Low N-terminal pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide in a Healthy Population: From the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study
Authors: Choi Hyo-In , Lee Mi Yeon , Oh Byeong Kil , Lee Seung Jae , Kang Jeong Gyu , Lee Sung Ho , Lee Jong-Young , Kim Byung Jin , Kim Bum Soo , Kang Jin Ho , Sung Ki Chul 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundFatty liver (FL), insulin resistance (IR), and obesity often coexist, but data on the independent impacts of these factors on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in healthy populations are scarce. We therefore examined the impact of FL, IR and obesity on NT-proBNP levels using a large set of cross-sectional data.MethodsThe associations of FL, IR and obesity with NT-proBNP were analyzed in 39,923 healthy adult participants using Kangbuk Samsung Health Study data. IR was estimated using homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. A multivariable regression model that adjusted for factors that influence NT-proBNP was conducted to identify associations between NT-proBNP and FL on abdominal ultrasound. ResultsA total of 11,704 (29.3%) individuals had FL on abdominal ultrasound. FL, IR and obesity showed independent inverse associations with NT-proBNP after multiple adjustments for baseline characteristics. In a multivariable regression model adjusting for IR and obesity, FL was independently associated with lower levels of NT-proBNP (odds ratio 0.864, 0.849 - 0.880). The combination of FL and IR was a powerful dual predictor, lowering NT-proBNP levels approximately 25% in the generally healthy study population.ConclusionIn this large sample of healthy individuals, FL was independently associated with lower NT-proBNP levels. FL and a high HOMA-IR index are a powerful predictor combination for lower NT-proBNP levels. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanism underlying the association between FL and NT-proBNP.
A Threat Modelling Approach to Analyze and Mitigate Botnet Attacks in Smart Home Use Case
Authors: Abbas Syed Ghazanfar , Zahid Shahzaib , Hussain Faisal , Shah Ghalib A. , Husnain Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Despite the surging development and utilization of IoT devices, the security of IoT devices is still in infancy. The security pitfalls of IoT devices have made it easy for hackers to take over IoT devices and use them for malicious activities like botnet attacks. With the rampant emergence of IoT devices, botnet attacks are surging. The botnet attacks are not only catastrophic for IoT device users but also for the rest of the world. Therefore, there is a crucial need to identify and mitigate the possible threats in IoT devices during the design phase. Threat modelling is a technique that is used to identify the threats in the earlier stages of the system design activity. In this paper, we propose a threat modelling approach to analyze and mitigate the botnet attacks in an IoT smart home use case. The proposed methodology identifies the development-level and application-level threats in smart home use case using STRIDE and VAST threat modelling methods. Moreover, we reticulate the identified threats with botnet attacks. Finally, we propose the mitigation techniques for all identified threats including the botnet threats.
Thalliomelane, TIMn7.54+Cu0.52+O16, a new member of the coronadite group from the preglacial oxidation zone at Zalas, southern Poland
Authors: Gołębiowska Bożena , Pieczka Adam , Zubko Maciej , Voegelin Andreas , Göttlicher Jörg , Rzepa Grzegorz 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Thalliomelane, a new member of the coronadite group (hollandite supergroup), was discovered at Zalas near Kraków in southern Poland (the southern margin of the Kraków-Silesia Monocline) in relics of a preglacial supergene mineralization disseminated in a fault breccia in Middle Jurassic sandy limestone. The mineralization formed at the expense of a sulfide assemblage, which was most likely the source of thallium, related to rejuvenation of Early-Paleozoic fault zones in the Sava phase of the Alpine orogeny. Thalliomelane occurs rarely and exclusively in the form of fibrous and highly porous tiny aggregates &lt;50 µm in size that fill small fractures and voids in the sandy limestone host rock. Microprobe analyses based on 16 O and 8 octahedral cations per formula unit resulted in the mean empirical formula [Tl0.77(10)Ba0.21(3)K0.03(1)Na0.01(0)Pb0.01(0)]Σ1.03(7)[Mn7.15(11)4+Cu0.63(4)2+Co0.08(3)2+Fe0.06(3)3+Ni0.03(1)2+Si0.03(2) Mg0.01(1)]Σ8[O15.67(24)(OH)0.33(24)], corresponding to the formula Tl(Mn7.54+Cu0.52+)O16 for the thalliomelane end-member. The mineral crystallizes in the tetragonal system, space group I4/m, and has unit-cell parameters a = 9.8664(12), c = 2.8721(4) Å, V = 279.59(8) Å3, Z = 1. The crystal structure of thalliomelane, measured with 3D electron-diffraction, was refined to an R1 index of 23.74%. Thalliomelane has the hollandite-type structure. The Mn4+ cations, substituted by Cu2+ at an amount of ~0.5 apfu, are octahedrally coordinated by oxygen atoms. Four double chains of edge-sharing (Mn,Cu)-O octahedra share corners with each other to form tunnels along the [001] direction. Tl+ cations are located in the tunnels, occupying partially the origin and center of the unit cell. The formation of thalliomelane was most probably connected to the weathering of a sulfide mineral assemblage under semi-arid to arid climate. It resulted in the release of Tl and other components of the mineralization into water under the influence of Cl-, Br-, and I-bearing brines and pore waters from the Carpathian flysch or from sediments of the Carpathian foredeep mobilized by compaction during the Sava phase. Via the interaction of these waters, the primary ores altered mainly into goethite, cuprite, malachite, Mn oxides of the coronadite type, with subordinate Cu sulfates, Pb arsenates, Bi oxy-chlorides, and traces of iodargyrite. This assemblage indicates oxidation at a progressively increasing pH of ~8–10 and Eh of the order of +0.4–0.5 V. In this setting, thalliomelane could have formed from a cryptomelane-type Mn oxide in contact with Tl-bearing aqueous solutions through Tl-for-K exchange over time.
Fuzzy Form of Euler Method to Solve Fuzzy Differential Equations
Authors: Pirzada U.M. , Mohan S. Rama 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The Euler method is a elementary method to solve fuzzy differential
equations numerically. Several authors have explored the Euler method by applying various approaches
and derivative concepts.

Methods:
This paper proposes a fuzzy form of the Euler method to solve fuzzy initial value problems.
Novelty of this approach is that the method developed based on fuzzy arithmetic. The solution
by this method is readily available in the form of fuzzy-valued function. The method does not require
to re-write fuzzy differential equation into a system of two crisp ordinary differential equations.

Results:
The algorithm of proposed method and local error expression are discussed. An illustration
and solution of the fuzzy Riccati equation are provided for the applicability of the method.

Conclusion:
The proposed Euler method is a natural generalization of crisp Euler method. It is
very efficient in solving linear and nonlinear fuzzy differential equations. One of the advantage of
this method is that the solution obtained by the method is always a fuzzy-valued function due to
well-defined fuzzy arithmetic.