bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
long-term results after the one-stage posterior-only surgical correction of thoraco-lumbar kyphoscoliosis in congenital spine deformity caused by two ipsilateral hemi-vertebrae
Authors: Xue Xuhong , Zhao Sheng , Miao Feng , Li Kai , Zhao Bin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Two ipsilateral hemivertebrae is less common and presents severe growth imbalance produced by the vertebral anomalies. However, there is a paucity of reports regarding this double ipsilateral thoracolumber hemivertebrae. The purpose was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of the one-stage posterior-only surgical correction of thoraco-lumbar kyphoscoliosis caused by two ipsilateral hemi-vertebrae.
Methods

From 2006 to 2014, a total of 14 consecutive pediatric patients with congenital thoraco-lumbar kyphoscoliosis due to two ipsilateral hemivertebrae were treated by posterior excision of hemivertebrae with short segment fusion. The following parameters were measured: coronal segmental curve, cranial and caudal compensatory curve, segmental kyphosis, lumbar lodorsis, trunk shift, apical vertebra translation and sagittal vertical axis. These results were compared and evaluated in preoperative, immediately postoperative and at the final follow-up. All patients had a minimum of 5 years of follow-up period.
Results

The mean age at surgery was 11.1 ± 4.8 years (2yos to 17yos). The mean follow-up period was 80.2 ± 19.4 months (60mons to 117mons). There was a mean improvement of 74.2% in the segmental curve from a mean angle of 64.1° before surgery to 15.8° at the latest follow-up. The cranial and caudal curve improved of 69.8% and 69.0% from 25.6° to 7.7°, 26.9 to 8.2, respectively. The mean thoracolumbar kyphosis was 59.9° before and 13.6° after surgery, 20.8° at the final follow-up. Alignment in the coronal and sagittal plane was either maintained or improved within normal values in all patients.
Conclusions

Good correction and spinal balance can be achieved by posterior-only hemivertebrectomy in patients with thoracolumbar kyphocsoliosis caused by two ipsilateral hemivertebra. The complication of neurological injury is low but a technically demanding procedure. More attention should be paid in residual curve progression after surgery.
Olfactory Disorder is the Specific Symptom to Distinguish Eosinophilic from non-eosinophilic Nasal Polyps
Authors: Pan Xiaodan , Zhang Yuan , Wang Chengshuo , Zhang Luo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (eCRSwNP) have poorer outcomes after endoscopic sinus surgery and a higher recurrence rate. This study aimed to investigate the profile of clinical symptoms of eCRSwNP and the related risk factors.Methods: We prospectively enrolled 298 CRSwNP inpatients from February 2019 to December 2019. Patients were divided into eCRSwNP and non-eCRSwNP groups based on the percentage of blood eosinophils. Clinical data on questionnaires, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, and laboratory tests were collected. The differences in clinical symptoms, including nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, olfactory disorders, and head/facial pain, between the two groups were analyzed to identify the influential factors. Logistic analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the diagnostic benefit for the specific symptom in eCRSwNP patients.Results: Of the four major clinical symptoms, nasal congestion and olfactory disorders were significantly different between eCRSwNP and non-eCRSwNP groups. Patients with eCRSwNP more frequently complained about olfactory disorders (P = 0.002), while patients with non-eCRSwNP mostly had nasal congestion (P = 0.001). The logistic analysis showed that the primary risk factors for olfactory disorders of eCRSwNP were disease duration (P = 0.014) and alcohol intake (P = 0.012). Olfactory disorders were not associated with the disease course of eCRSwNP but were correlated with the disease duration of non-eCRSwNP (P = 0.008). When the clinical duration was less than 10 years, there was a significant difference in olfactory disorders between eCRSwNP and non-eCRSwNP groups (P < 0.01). However, when the clinical duration was over 10 years, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.264). The VAS score of olfactory disorders of over 5.75 could be used to predict the diagnosis of eCRSwNP (area under the curve ＝0.674, 95% confidence intervals: 0.559–0.689, P = 0.000). Conclusions: Olfactory disorder was the major nasal symptom that could be used to distinguish eCRSwNP and non-eCRSwNP. ECRSwNP patients were more prone to have olfactory dysfunction. Our findings suggested that evaluation of nasal symptoms would help diagnose eCRSwNP and determine subsequent clinical treatment strategies.
Sphingolipid Profiling Reveals Different Extent of Ceramide Accumulation in Bovine Retroperitoneal and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues
Authors: Leung Yue Hei , Baessler Sonja , Koch Christian , Scheu Theresa , Meyer Ulrich , Dänicke Sven , Huber Korinna , Kenéz Ákos 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background: Sphingolipids are bioactive lipids that can modulate insulin sensitivity, cellular differentiation, and apoptosis in a tissue-specific manner. Previous studies in dairy cattle reported that the retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RPAT) was more active than the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) in terms of insulin sensitivity, lipolytic activity, and pro-inflammatory signaling. Sphingolipids were discussed to be involved in inflammation, however, their comparative profiles in bovine RPAT and SCAT are currently unknown. We aimed to characterize the sphingolipid profiles using a targeted lipidomics approach and to assess whether potentially related sphingolipid pathways are different between SCAT and RPAT. Holstein bulls (n = 6) were slaughtered, and SCAT and RPAT samples were collected for sphingolipid profiling. A total of 70 sphingolipid species were detected, including 24 species of ceramide (Cer) and dihydroceramide (DHCer), 18 species of sphingomyelin (SM) and dihydrosphingomyelin (DHSM), 11 species of ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), 9 species of galactosylceramide (GalCer), glucosylceramide (GluCer), lactosylceramide (LacCer), and 8 species of sphinganine (DHSph) and sphingosine (Sph). The concentration of each sphingolipid was quantified by UPLC-MRM/MS. Results: Our results showed that sphingolipids of the de novo synthesis pathway such as DHSph, DHCer, and Cer, were more concentrated in RPAT than in SCAT. Sphingolipids of the salvage pathway and the sphingomyelinase pathway such as Sph, S1P, C1P, glycosphingolipid, and SM were more concentrated in SCAT. Our results indicate that RPAT had a greater extent of ceramide accumulation, and thereby increased the concentration of further sphingolipid intermediates in the de novo synthesis pathway.Conclusion: This distinctive sphingolipid distribution pattern in RPAT and SCAT can potentially explain the tissue-specific activity in insulin sensitivity, pro-inflammation, and oxidative stress in RPAT and SCAT.
A Simple Chart to Communicate Health-behaviors-associated Mortality
Authors: Setti Mounir Ould , Voutilainen Ari , Hantunen Sari , Virtanen Jyrki , Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Unhealthy behaviors are trending towards the increase. This study aimed to develop a risk chart for personalized risk communication, which can induce a positive health behavioral change.
Methods

2235 middle-aged men were followed-up for a median time of 28 years. Participants were assessed for their smoking status, quality of diet expressed in Healthy Nordic Diet (HND) index, and alcohol drinking. After controlling for age, Body Mass Index (BMI), physical activity, and comorbidities, the variables’ association with all-cause mortality was analyzed.
Results

Smoking, quality of diet, and alcohol drinking were associated to mortality risk with hazard ratios (HRs) of 2.72 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.22–3.33], 0.88 (95% CI 0.82–0.94), and 1.13 (95% CI 1.10–1.17) respectively. Based on the analysis model [area under the curve (AUC) 72.8, 95% CI 70.8–74.9], a risk chart was presented allowing risk comparison across different predictors and for different combinations of health behaviors. A dysergic BMI-smoking interaction was found, suggesting that the individual effects of smoking and high BMI on mortality were lower when they co-existed. The combined effects of obesity (BMI > 30), smoking, poor quality diet (HND 1), and high level of alcohol consumption (475 g/week) associated with nearly 10 folds the mortality risk of a normal weight individual engaged in healthy behavior regardless of age, and a loss of 20 years in median survival.
Conclusion

The risk chart can be used as a tool to offer personalized risk communication and improve individuals’ perception of the risk associated to their health behaviors.
Health Behaviors, Life Skills, Mental Health, and Demographic Factors Associated with Mental Health among University Students in a Developing Country.&nbsp;
Authors: Maddah Diana , Kabakian Tamar , Zeidan Rouba , Elsaady Nathalie , Alami Nael , Salameh Pascale 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
University students in developing countries may be at high risk for mental health disorders due to many financial, political, and social stressors. In the present study, we intended to explore the association of mental health with health behaviors and life skills. Participants included 2789 university students in Lebanon. Bivariate and multivariate regression analysis were performed. Results suggested that the risk for mental health disorders is associated with the socio-demographic factors of being a first year university student, being female, and living in rural areas. Also, consumption of high-calorie dietary pattern, low physical activity, and high level of risky behaviors associated with higher occurrence of mental health disorders. Life Skills are associated with less occurrence of mental health disorders in our data. Sociodemographic factors such as gender, university year, and area of residence (rural vs. urban), healthy behaviors, and life skills showed to be strongly associated with university students’ mental health. Life skills based interventions addressing the aforementioned mental health determinants would benefit university students in developing countries.
Clinical Features and Outcomes in Imported and Non-Imported Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective, Multi-centre, Descriptive Study
Authors: Wang Jing , Yuan Guodan , Chen Shaoyun , Li Jianrong , Zhu Xiaoqian , Shi Junwei , Xu Lingfang , Gao Wanchun , Xu Liyong , Song Yuyan , Jiang Depeng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Global outbreak of novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) continues to constitute a public health emergency of international concern. However, few studies have directly compared the differences of clinical features and outcomes between imported and non-imported COVID-19 patients. We aimed to directly compare the differences of clinical features and outcomes between imported and non-imported COVID-19 patients.Methods: we enrolled 275 patients (53 imported and 222 non-imported cases) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from four designated hospitals in Chongqing, China. Epidemiological, demographic, clinical, laboratory, treatment, and outcome data were collected and analyzed. Independent samples t- test, Mann- Whitney U test, Wilcoxon test,χ2 test, or Fisher’s exact test were adopted to compare the difference between imported and non-imported groups where appropriateResults: The imported group had a higher proportion of asymptomatic patients (18.9% vs. 3.8%, p=0.016), lower lymphocyte count (1.1×109/L vs. 1.5×109 /L, p=0.018), higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (2.6 vs. 2.3, p=0.0237), higher proportion of CD4+ T cells reduction (70% vs. 44.6%, p=0.043), longer duration of viral shedding (20 days vs. 18 days, p = 0.0416) than the non-imported group. The symptomatic non-imported group had a lower lymphocyte count (1.3×109/L vs. 1.6×109 /L, p=0.003), lower CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, longer viral shedding (20 days vs.13 days, p< 0.001) and hospital stay (17 days vs.14 days, p=0.015) than the asymptomatic non-imported group. Furthermore, when compared with imported group, asymptomatic non-imported group showed higher lymphocyte count (1.6×109/L vs. 1.1×109 /L, p< 0.001) and CD4+ T cells(567 vs.375, p=0.029), while the symptomatic non-imported group showed no difference in lymphocyte count, CD4+ or CD8+ T cells (p ≥ 0.0894).Conclusion: Our results indicated that when compared with imported patients, damage to the immune system by SARS-Cov-2 in non-imported patients was milder, and this might be mainly due to its higher asymptomatic proportion.Clinical trial registration: ChiCTR2000033980. Registered 19 June 2020 - Retrospectively registered, http:// www.chictr.org.cn.
Single Investigation of the Role of APC2&nbsp;in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Jiao Yingwei , Liu Qiang , Zhao Hongbo , Hu Xianzhen , Sun Jinlong , Fang Yujie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAPC2 is as a homolog of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) that has comparable functions in cancer, and is located on chromosome 19p13.3. It is an important signaling pathway protein in many cancers and diseases. For example, in ovarian cancer, APC2 serves as an important tumor suppressor through the induction of the WNT signaling pathway, inhibiting tumor invasion and growth. In colorectal cancer, APC2 was shown to be an important protein for inhibiting tumor invasion and metastasis. In the present study, APC2 was shown to be an important regulatory pathway protein that cooperates with microRNA bidirectional regulation to induce phenotypic changes in colorectal cancer.MethodsThrough measurements in colorectal cancer tissue samples (RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry), we found that the APC2 gene may play a role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer patients. We selected colorectal cancer cell lines as the research carrier of the APC2 gene. We changed the expression of APC2 gene in colorectal cancer cell lines by silencing the APC2 gene and up-regulating the APC2 gene, and then used cell cycle, MTT and western blot methods to measure its possible effects on colorectal cancer mechanisms.ResultWe found that the expression of APC2 in normal mucosal tissues in colorectal cancer tissues is was than that of matched colorectal cancer tissues, both at the protein and mRNA levels. We then tested colorectal cancer cell lines for gene silencing and up-regulation. We found that silencing the expression of the APC2 gene effectively advanced the cycle in colorectal cancer cells. In subsequent protein testing, we found that the proteins of the relevant cycle checkpoints changed accordingly. We found the opposite in cell lines after up-regulating the expression of the APC2 gene. By contrast, the SW480 cell line with k-ras mutation in the key pathway did not produce relevant changes by up-regulating the expression of the APC2 gene.ConclusionLow expression levels of the APC2 gene in colorectal cancer inhibit the progression of colorectal cancer cell lines through the RAS signaling pathway and hinders the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer.
Can Sex be A Predictor of Survival and Treatment Benefit in T1-3N0M0 colorectal Cancer Patients? A Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Ma Bin , Li Yongmin , Meng Qingkai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Our aim was to assess predictive effect of sex on survival and treatment benefit of T1-3N0M0 CRC.Methods: This study population was assembled from the SEER dataset. Between 2004 and 2016, patients diagnosed with malignant primary CRC who underwent primary tumour resection were included.Results: First, we found that females had better OS than males and that sex could be an independent factor of survival in T1-3N0M0 colon cancer (regardless of right/left-sided tumour) and T1-2N0M0 rectal cancer (each HR<1, each P<0.05). In addition, though a significant OS benefit was not observed in T3N0M0 rectal cancer in the overall analysis (P=0.183), females benefited more than males among T3N0M0 rectal cancer patients who underwent postoperative chemotherapy (P<0.001). However, there was no significant OS difference between male and femaleT3N0M0 rectal cancer patients among those who did not receive postoperative chemotherapy (P=0.634). In subgroup analyses of T3N0M0 patients, a similar tendency of survival and the effect of postoperative chemotherapy were observed regardless of whether preoperative radiotherapy was performed. Furthermore, we found that females had a survival benefit over males at all ages, among patients of the white race and among T1-T3 adenocarcinoma CRC patients (each HR<1, each P<0.001).Conclusion: Sex was proven to be an independent prognostic factor in T1-3N0M0 colon cancer and T1-2N0M0 rectal cancer. Females are more likely to benefit from postoperative chemotherapy than males with T3N0M0 rectal cancer. Our research suggests that sex could be considered a factor in practical clinical treatment and prognosis evaluation for T1-3N0M0 rectal cancer.
Marital Status and Its Correlation with Age, Race and Gender in Prognosis of Tonsil Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Li yujiao , Hu Chaosu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To assess the impact of marital status on tonsil squamous cell carcinomas (TSCC) prognosis and to analyze whether the impact is correlated with gender, age and race.Methods: We examined the clinicopathological variables using Chi-squared tests and we evaluated the association between survival and different variables using the methods of Kaplan-Meier. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the effects of each variable on survival.Results: A total of 10720 patients were analyzed. The rate of being married was higher among Asian or Caucasian, and this rate decreased with higher tumor stage. While both married male and female survivors benefit from their marital status, we found a differential in CSS based on gender, with males benefitting more than females (p < 0.05). Patients who were divorced/separated/single (DSS) (male HR =1.733, 95% CI: 1.548-1.940; female HR = 1.157, 95% CI: 0.887-1.507) and widowed (male HR = 2.052, 95% CI: 1.597-2.637; female HR =1.890, 95% CI: 1.374-2.599) had increased hazard of OS compared with married/partnered patients. The same results were found in OS. Subgroups analysis shows that the protective effect of marriage was consistent in all patients except for N3 groups (all, p<0.05).Conclusion: While there are survival benefits for married patients with TSCC, married/partnered males may benefit more than females. Age, race, and gender could affect the correlation between marital status and survival. However, when considering patients affected by more aggressive disease(N3 disease), the effect of marital status would be vanished.
Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours Are Associated With Children’s Psychological Health: a Cross-Sectional Analysis of Data From the New South Wales Child Population Health Survey 2013-2014
Authors: Thomas Margaret Mary , Gugusheff Jessica , Baldwin Heather , Gale Joanne , Boylan Sinead , Mihrshahi Seema 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Despite numerous studies showing that diet and exercise influence mental health in children, there is limited data available from representative populations of children and adolescents on the relationship between regular healthy lifestyle behaviour and psychological health. Methods Data were obtained from the New South Wales Child Population Health Survey, 2013–2014. Parents were asked about diet, physical activity and screen time behaviours and completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for one child aged 5-15. Higher scores on the SDQ indicate poorer psychological health and risk for mental health problems. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models examined the relationships between dietary consumption, physical activity, screen time and SDQ scores, adjusting for potential confounding. Results Proportionally more children than adolescents met the guidelines for appropriate diet, physical activity and screen time behaviours. Meeting screen time recommendations was most strongly associated with a lower SDQ total difficulties score (5-10yrs: -1.56 (-2.68, -0.44); 11-15yrs: -2.12 (-3.11, -1.12)). Children and adolescents who met screen time recommendations were also significantly less likely to have any score in the at-risk range. In addition, children and adolescents meeting vegetable intake guidelines had a significantly lower total difficulties score (5-10yrs: -1.54 (-3.03,-0.05); 11-15yrs: -1.19 (-3.60,-0.39)), as did adolescents meeting discretionary food guidelines (-1.16 (-2.14,-0.18)) and children consuming the recommended fruit intake (-1.26 (-2.42,-0.10)).Conclusions Since adopting regular healthy lifestyle behaviours is associated with better psychological health among children and adolescents, it is imperative that appropriate and effective interventions are implemented to increase these healthy lifestyle behaviours among young Australians.
Thermal metamorphic history of Antarctic CV3 and CO3 chondrites inferred from the first- and second-order Raman peaks of polyaromatic organic carbon
Authors: Yesiltas Mehmet , Young Jordan , Glotch Timothy D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractParent body thermal metamorphism is an important process that alters the structure of organic matter in the parent asteroid of meteorites. Increasing and progressing thermal metamorphism results in carbonization and graphitization of carbonaceous matter in the parent body. Such modifications in the carbon structures can be studied by Raman microspectroscopy, thanks to its high sensitivity to structure and bonding within carbonaceous molecules. We have characterized polyaromatic carbonaceous matter in a total of 24 Antarctic CV3 and CO3 chondrites using micro-Raman imaging spectroscopy in an effort to better understand parent body thermal metamorphism and assess its effects on the carbon structures. Raman spectral parameters of the first-order carbon peaks (D and G) were extracted from at least 200 spectra for each meteorite and were compared to deduce relationships that yield information regarding the thermal metamorphism conditions. We also show, for the first time, spectral trends and relations of the second-order carbon peaks (2D and D+G) within the 2500–3200 cm−1 with thermal metamorphic history. The second-order peaks appear to contain information that is lacking in the first-order peaks. Based on the second-order carbon peak parameters, we tentatively classify four CV3 chondrites into subtypes, and reclassify another. Peak metamorphic temperatures of the investigated meteorites have been estimated based on the width of the D band as well as the calculated Raman spectral curvature. Estimated temperatures appear to correlate well with the assigned petrologic types. We have calculated higher peak metamorphic temperatures for the CV3 chondrites than for the considered CO3 chondrites and further showed that the peak metamorphic temperatures of CV3oxA chondrites are higher than those of CV3oxB, indicating possibly different metamorphic conditions for the two oxidized subtypes. We observe that there is a relatively larger temperature increase going from CO3.2 to CO3.4 (150 °C increase) compared to CO3.4–CO3.6 (20 °C), which may indicate that the graphitization and structural ordering of carbon reach a critical temperature regime around petrologic type CO3.3.