bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endogenous levels of cytokinins, indole-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid in in vitro grown potato: A contribution to potato hormonomics
Authors: Raspor Martin , Motyka Václav , Ninković Slavica , Dobrev Petre I. , Malbeck Jiří , Ćosić Tatjana , Cingel Aleksandar , Savić Jelena , Tadić Vojin , Dragićević Ivana Č. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA number of scientific reports published to date contain data on endogenous levels of various phytohormones in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) but a complete cytokinin profile of potato tissues, that would include data on all particular molecular forms of cytokinin, has still been missing. In this work, endogenous levels of all analytically detectable isoprenoid cytokinins, as well as the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and abscisic acid (ABA) have been determined in shoots and roots of 30 day old in vitro grown potato (cv. Désirée). The results presented here are generally similar to other data reported for in vitro grown potato plants, whereas greenhouse-grown plants typically contain lower levels of ABA, possibly indicating that in vitro grown potato is exposed to chronic stress. Cytokinin N-glucosides, particularly N7-glucosides, are the dominant cytokinin forms in both shoots and roots of potato, whereas nucleobases, as the bioactive forms of cytokinins, comprise a low proportion of cytokinin levels in tissues of potato. Differences in phytohormone composition between shoots and roots of potato suggest specific patterns of transport and/or differences in tissue-specific metabolism of plant hormones. These results represent a contribution to understanding the hormonomics of potato, a crop species of extraordinary economic importance.
Dual-camera design for hyperspectral and panchromatic imaging, using a wedge shaped liquid crystal as a spectral multiplexer
Authors: Shmilovich Shauli , Oiknine Yaniv , AbuLeil Marwan , Abdulhalim Ibrahim , Blumberg Dan G. , Stern Adrian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we present a new hyperspectral compact camera which is designed to have high spatial and spectral resolutions, to be vibrations tolerant, and to achieve state-of-the-art high optical throughput values compared to existing nanosatellite hyperspectral imaging payloads with space heritage. These properties make it perfect for airborne and spaceborne remote sensing tasks. The camera has both hyperspectral and panchromatic imaging capabilities, achieved by employing a wedge-shaped liquid crystal cell together with computational image processing. The hyperspectral images are acquired through passive along-track spatial scanning when no voltage is applied to the cell, and the panchromatic images are quickly acquired in a single snapshot at a high signal-to-noise ratio when the cell is voltage driven.
Complete Protection in Macaques Conferred by Purified Inactivated Zika Vaccine: Defining a Correlate of Protection
Authors: Young Ginger , Bohning Kelly J. , Zahralban-Steele Melissa , Hather Greg , Tadepalli Sambasivarao , Mickey Kristen , Godin C. Steven , Sanisetty Srisowmya , Sonnberg Stephanie , Patel Hetal K. , Dean Hansi J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA critical global health need exists for a Zika vaccine capable of mitigating the effects of future Zika epidemics. In this study we evaluated the antibody responses and efficacy of an aluminum hydroxide adjuvanted purified inactivated Zika vaccine (PIZV) against challenge with Zika virus (ZIKV) strain PRVABC59. Indian rhesus macaques received two doses of PIZV at varying concentrations ranging from 0.016 µg − 10 µg and were subsequently challenged with ZIKV six weeks or one year following the second immunization. PIZV induced a dose-dependent immune response that was boosted by a second immunization. Complete protection against ZIKV infection was achieved with the higher PIZV doses of 0.4 µg, 2 µg, and 10 µg at 6 weeks and with 10 ug PIZV at 1 year following vaccination. Partial protection was achieved with the lower PIZV doses of 0.016 µg and 0.08 µg. Based on these data, a neutralizing antibody response above 3.02 log10 EC50 was determined as a correlate of protection in macaques. PIZV elicited a dose-dependent neutralizing antibody response which is protective for at least 1 year following vaccination.
Effects of applying ramie fiber nonwoven films on root-zone soil nutrient and bacterial community of rice seedlings for mechanical transplanting
Authors: Zhou Wanlai , Chen Jing , Qi Zhiyong , Wang Chaoyun , Tan Zhijian , Wang Hongying , Yi Zhenxie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRaising rice seedlings in flat trays has become the main method for mechanized transplanting of rice in China. However, seedling blocks raised by this method were easily cracked in practice, and this problem can be solved by padding a thin ramie fiber nonwoven film on the bottom surface of seedling tray. This study was conducted to determine the effects of this film on root-zone environment of rice seedlings. The results showed that on the 10th day after sowing, the soil inorganic nitrogen, especially nitrate nitrogen, content in the root-zone of the film treatment were considerably higher than in the no-film treatment, in contrast, the soil organic matter content was lower in the film treatment, and by the 20th day, the gap between treatments was enlarged. After applying the film, the Chao 1 index and Shannon index values for the soil bacterial community diversity decreased, and the rice seedlings were shorter, had higher root/shoot ratios, lower nitrate contents, and higher soluble sugar contents. We conclude that application of the ramie fiber nonwoven film resulted in substantial changes in the soil nutrient and bacterial community in root-zone in a short time, which significantly impacted the growth and development of rice seedlings.
Evaluation of Reanalysis Surface Incident Solar Radiation Data in China
Authors: Zhang Xingxing , Lu Ning , Jiang Hou , Yao Ling 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSurface incident solar radiation (Rs) of reanalysis products is widely used in ecological conservation, agricultural production, civil engineering and various solar energy applications. It is of great importance to have a good knowledge of the uncertainty of reanalysis Rs products. In this study, we evaluated the Rs estimates from two representative global reanalysis (ERA-Interim and MERRA-2) using quality- controlled surface measurements from China Meteorological Administration (CMA) and Multi-layer Simulation and Data Assimilation Center of the Tibetan Plateau (DAM) from 2000 to 2009. Error causes are further analyzed in combination radiation products from the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) EBAF through time series estimation, hotspot selection and Geodetector methods. Both the ERA-Interim and MERRA-2 products overestimate the Rs in China, and the MERRA-2 overestimation is more pronounced. The errors of the ERA-Interim are greater in spring and winter, while that of the MERRA-2 are almost the same in all seasons. As more quality-controlled measurements were used for validation, the conclusions seem more reliable, thereby providing scientific reference for rational use of these datasets. It was also found that the main causes of errors are the cloud coverage in the southeast coastal area, aerosol optical depth (AOD) and water vapor content in the Sichuan Basin, and cloud coverage and AOD in the northeast and middle east of China.
High WBP5 expression correlates with elevation of HOX genes levels and is associated with inferior survival in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Ward C. , Cauchy P. , Garcia P. , Frampton J. , Esteban M. A. , Volpe G. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWW domain binding protein 5 (WBP5), also known as Transcriptional Elongation Factor A like 9 (TCEAL9) has been proposed as a candidate oncogene for human colorectal cancers with microsatellite instability and as a predictive indicator of small cell lung cancers. Furthermore, several independent studies have proposed WBP5, and its association with Wilms Tumor-1 (WT1) expression, as part of a gene expression-based risk score for predicting survival and clinical outcome in patients with Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML). To date, the prognostic significance of the sole WBP5 expression and its impact on the survival outcome in AML patients remains largely understudied. In the present study, we have made use of publicly available patient expression arrays and have developed an unbiased approach to classify AML patients into low versus high WBP5 expressers and to balance them for known mutations and cytogenetic findings. Interestingly, we found that patients characterized by high WBP5 expression displayed inferior overall and event-free survival rates. Notably, gene expression profiling showed that patients with high WBP5 had elevated expression of several HOX cluster genes, such as HOXA5, HOXA7, HOXA9 and HOXA10, and several of their partner proteins, such as MEIS1 and FOXC1, which have been demonstrated to be causative for AML. Taken together, our data suggest that WBP5 expression level could serve as an indicator for prognosis and survival outcome in patients with AML.
Enhancing performance of berseem clover genotypes with better harvesting management through farmers’ participatory research at smallholder farms in Punjab
Authors: Tufail M. S. , Krebs G. L. , Southwell A. , Piltz J. W. , Norton M. R. , Wynn P. C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA field study was conducted on smallholder farmer fields between 2012 to 2014 to evaluate the performance of cv. Agaitti Berseem-2002, against local landraces exchanged between farmers (LBF1) or available from local markets (LBM1). The effects of genotype and harvesting regimen on forage production, quality and seed production were evaluated. Significant differences (P < 0.05) among genotypes and cutting treatments were recorded for forage and seed yields, and forage quality across all research sites in both years. Maximum cumulative fresh forage (89.7 t/ha) and dry matter (DM; 13.4 t/ha) yields were obtained with Agaitti Berseem-2002 when harvesting occurred five times over the season. However, maximum seed yield (1048 kg/ha) with higher 1000-seed weight (3.63 g) were obtained if forage was only harvested three times and the crop then left for seed set. Agaitti Berseem-2002 also produced forage with the higher crude protein content (27%), DM digestibility (69%), digestible organic matter (DM basis; 65%) and metabolizable energy content (10%) compared to the local landraces (LBF1 and LBM1). Therefore, the harvesting regimen for greatest economic return which produced optimum fresh and DM forage yields of highest nutritive values and maximum seed yield, were comprised of taking three forage cuts (at 65, 110 and 150 days after sowing) prior to seed harvest.
Intestinal ex vivo organoid culture reveals altered programmed crypt stem cells in patients with celiac disease
Authors: Dieterich Walburga , Neurath Markus F. , Zopf Yurdagül 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe ex vivo generation of gastrointestinal organoids from crypt stem cells opens up the possibility of new research approaches investigating gastrointestinal diseases. We used this technology to study differences between healthy controls and patients with celiac disease (CD). We noticed distinct dissimilarities in the phenotypes of organoids between our study groups and found considerable variations in their gene expression. Extracellular matrix genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition are expressed most differently. In addition, we demonstrated epigenetic modifications that might be responsible for the different organoid gene expression thus accounting for a deranged crypt/villus axis development in CD. The organoids have proven valuable to demonstrate fundamental differences in duodenal derived organoids between healthy controls and patients with CD and thus are a suitable tool to gain new insights in pathogenesis of CD.
Primary functional brain connections associated with melancholic major depressive disorder and modulation by antidepressants
Authors: Ichikawa Naho , Lisi Giuseppe , Yahata Noriaki , Okada Go , Takamura Masahiro , Hashimoto Ryu-ichiro , Yamada Takashi , Yamada Makiko , Suhara Tetsuya , Moriguchi Sho , Mimura Masaru , Yoshihara Yujiro , Takahashi Hidehiko , Kasai Kiyoto , Kato Nobumasa , Yamawaki Shigeto , Seymour Ben , Kawato Mitsuo , Morimoto Jun , Okamoto Yasumasa 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe limited efficacy of available antidepressant therapies may be due to how they affect the underlying brain network. The purpose of this study was to develop a melancholic MDD biomarker to identify critically important functional connections (FCs), and explore their association to treatments. Resting state fMRI data of 130 individuals (65 melancholic major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, 65 healthy controls) were included to build a melancholic MDD classifier, and 10 FCs were selected by our sparse machine learning algorithm. This biomarker generalized to a drug-free independent cohort of melancholic MDD, and did not generalize to other MDD subtypes or other psychiatric disorders. Moreover, we found that antidepressants had a heterogeneous effect on the identified FCs of 25 melancholic MDDs. In particular, it did impact the FC between left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)/inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus, ranked as the second ‘most important’ FC based on the biomarker weights, whilst other eight FCs were normalized. Given that left DLPFC has been proposed as an explicit target of depression treatments, this suggest that the limited efficacy of antidepressants might be compensated by combining therapies with targeted treatment as an optimized approach in the future.
Beta-blockers and Short-Term Cardiovascular Outcomes In Patients Hospitalized For Acute Coronary Syndrome and a Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction ≥40%
Authors: Abi Khalil Charbel , Zubaid Mohammad , Mekhaimar Menatalla , Asaad Nidal , Mahfoud Ziyad , Al Suwaidi Jassim 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBeta-blockers (BB) have been traditionally associated with improvement in cardiovascular disease outcomes in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Whether they’re still efficacious in the post-reperfusion era is currently debated in the light of recent controversial reports. In-hospital, 6-month and 12-month mortality were studied in the GULF-COAST, a prospective multicenter cohort of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), in relation to BB use: prior to admission, 24-hour post-admission and on discharge in patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 40%. On admission, 50.9% of the cohort participants had a LVEF ≥ 40%, of whom 1203 (55.4%) were on BB whilst 905 (44.6%) were not. Mean age was 60 (13) years old and 66% were males. Prior BB use or its administration in 24 hours decreased in-hospital mortality (OR = 0.25, 95% CI [0.09–0.67]; OR = 0.16, 95% CI [0.08–0.35]; respectively). BB on discharge lowered 1-month mortality (OR = 0.28, 95% CI [0.11–0.72]), but had a neutral effect on mortality, reinfarction and stroke at 6 and 12 months. Results were unchanged after multivariable adjustments and further sensitivity analysis. In this retrospective cohort of ACS, BB improved in-hospital and 1-month mortality in patients with a LVEF ≥ 40% but had a neutral effect on longer-term outcome.
16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals an altered composition of the gut microbiota in chickens infected with a nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus
Authors: Xu Puzhi , Shi Yan , Liu Ping , Yang Yitian , Zhou Changming , Li Guyue , Luo Junrong , Zhang Caiying , Cao Huabin , Hu Guoliang , Guo Xiaoquan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractInfectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a member of the Coronaviridae family, causes serious losses to the poultry industry. Intestinal microbiota play an important role in chicken health and contribute to the defence against colonization by invading pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the link between the intestinal microbiome and nephropathogenic IBV (NIBV) infection. Initially, chickens were randomly distributed into 2 groups: the normal group (INC) and the infected group (IIBV). The ilea were collected for morphological assessment, and the ileal contents were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The results of the IIBV group analyses showed a significant decrease in the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (P < 0.05), while the goblet cells increased compared to those in the INC group. Furthermore, the microbial diversity in the ilea decreased and overrepresentation of Enterobacteriaceae and underrepresentation of Chloroplast and Clostridia was found in the NIBV-infected chickens. In conclusion, these results showed that the significant separation of the two groups and the characterization of the gut microbiome profiles of the chickens with NIBV infection may provide valuable information and promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of this disease.
MitoBlue as a tool to analyze the mitochondria-lysosome communication
Authors: Sánchez Mateo I. , Vida Yolanda , Pérez-Inestrosa Ezequiel , Mascareñas José L. , Vázquez M. Eugenio , Sugiura Ayumu , Martínez-Costas José 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMitoBlue is a fluorescent bisamidine that can be used to easily monitor the changes in mitochondrial degradation processes in different cells and cellular conditions. MitoBlue staining pattern is exceptional among mitochondrial dyes and recombinant fluorescent probes, allowing the dynamic study of mitochondrial recycling in a variety of situations in living cells. MitoBlue is a unique tool for the study of these processes that will allow the detailed characterization of communication between mitochondria and lysosomes.
Atlantic salmon and sea trout display synchronised smolt migration relative to linked environmental cues
Authors: Harvey Alison C. , Glover Kevin A. , Wennevik Vidar , Skaala Øystein 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAnadromous salmon and sea trout smolts face challenging migrations from freshwater to the marine environment characterised by high mortality. Therefore, the timing of smolt migration is likely to be critical for survival. Time-series comparing migration of Atlantic salmon and sea trout smolts in the same river, and their response to the same environmental cues, are scarce. Here, we analysed migration timing of ~41 000 Atlantic salmon and sea trout smolts over a 19-year period from the river Guddalselva, western Norway. Trout displayed a longer migration window in earlier years, which decreased over time to become more similar to the salmon migration window. On average, salmon migrated out of the river earlier than trout. Migration of both species was significantly influenced by river water temperature and water discharge, but their relative influence varied across the years. On average, body-length of smolts of both species overlapped, however, size differences were observed within the migration period and among the years. We conclude that salmon and trout smolts in this river are highly synchronised and migrate in response to the same range of linked environmental cues.
Impact of plant genotype and plant habitat in shaping bacterial pathobiome: a comparative study in olive tree
Authors: Mina Diogo , Pereira José Alberto , Lino-Neto Teresa , Baptista Paula 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPlant-inhabiting microorganisms interact directly with each other affecting disease progression. However, the role of host plant and plant habitat in shaping pathobiome composition and their implication for host susceptibility/resistance to a particular disease are currently unknown. For the elucidation of these questions, both epiphytic and endophytic bacterial communities, present in asymptomatic and symptomatic twigs from olive cultivars displaying different susceptibilities to olive knot (OK) disease, were investigated using culturing methods. OK disease was the main driver of the bacterial community, causing changes on their diversity, abundance and composition. OK disease effect was most notorious on OK-susceptible cultivar and when considering the endophytic communities. Plant habitat (epiphytes vs. endophytes) also contributed to the bacterial community assembling, in particular on symptomatic twigs (knots) of OK-susceptible cultivar. In contrast, host cultivar had little effect on the bacterial community composition, but OK-symptomatic twigs (knots) revealed to be more affected by this driver. Overall, the pathobiome seems to result from an intricate interaction between the pathogen, the resident bacteria, and the plant host. Specific bacterial genera were associated to the presence or absence of OK disease in each cultivar. Their ability to trigger and/or suppress disease should be studied in the future.
Binaural summation of amplitude modulation involves weak interaural suppression
Authors: Baker D. H. , Vilidaite G. , McClarnon E. , Valkova E. , Bruno A. , Millman R. E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe brain combines sounds from the two ears, but what is the algorithm used to achieve this summation of signals? Here we combine psychophysical amplitude modulation discrimination and steady-state electroencephalography (EEG) data to investigate the architecture of binaural combination for amplitude-modulated tones. Discrimination thresholds followed a ‘dipper’ shaped function of pedestal modulation depth, and were consistently lower for binaural than monaural presentation of modulated tones. The EEG responses were greater for binaural than monaural presentation of modulated tones, and when a masker was presented to one ear, it produced only weak suppression of the response to a signal presented to the other ear. Both data sets were well-fit by a computational model originally derived for visual signal combination, but with suppression between the two channels (ears) being much weaker than in binocular vision. We suggest that the distinct ecological constraints on vision and hearing can explain this difference, if it is assumed that the brain avoids over-representing sensory signals originating from a single object. These findings position our understanding of binaural summation in a broader context of work on sensory signal combination in the brain, and delineate the similarities and differences between vision and hearing.
Using deep-learning to forecast the magnitude and characteristics of urban heat island in Seoul Korea
Authors: Oh Jin Woo , Ngarambe Jack , Duhirwe Patrick Nzivugira , Yun Geun Young , Santamouris Mattheos 
Published: February 2020

AbstractUrban heat island (UHI), a phenomenon involving increased air temperature of a city compared to the surrounding rural area, results in increased energy use and escalated health problems. To understand the magnitude and characteristics of UHI in Seoul and to accommodate for the high temporal variability and spatial heterogeneity of the UHI which make it inherently challenging to analyze using conventional statistical methods, we developed two deep learning models, a temporal UHI-model and a spatial UHI model, using a feed-forward deep neural network (DNN) architecture. Data related to meteorological elements (e.g. air temperature) and urban texture (e.g. surface albedo) were used to train and test the temporal UHI-model and the Spatial UHI-model respectively. Also, we develop and propose a new metric, UHI-hours, that quantifies the total number of hours that UHI exists in a given area. Our results show that UHI-hours is a better indicator of seasonal UHI than the commonly used index, UHI-intensity. Consequently, UHI-hours is likely to provide a better measure of the cumulative effects of UHI over time than UHI-intensity. UHI-hours will help us to better quantify the effect of UHI on, for example, the overall daily productivity of outdoor workers or heat-related mortality rates.