bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conformal equivalence of visual metrics in pseudoconvex domains
Authors: Capogna Luca , Le Donne Enrico 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe refine estimates introduced by Balogh and Bonk, to show that the boundary extensions of isometries between bounded, smooth strongly pseudoconvex domains in $${\mathbb {C}}^n$$

C

n

are conformal with respect to the sub-Riemannian metric induced by the Levi form. As a corollary we obtain an alternative proof of a result of Fefferman on smooth extensions of biholomorphic mappings between bounded smooth pseudoconvex domains. The proofs are inspired by Mostow’s proof of his rigidity theorem and are based on the asymptotic hyperbolic character of the Kobayashi or Bergman metrics and on the Bonk-Schramm hyperbolic fillings.
The radiosensitizer Onalespib increases complete remission in 177Lu-DOTATATE-treated mice bearing neuroendocrine tumor xenografts
Authors: Lundsten Sara , Spiegelberg Diana , Raval Nakul R. , Nestor Marika 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurpose177Lu-DOTATATE targeting the somatostatin receptor (SSTR) is utilized for treatment of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Onalespib, a heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor, has demonstrated radiosensitizing properties and may thus enhance the effect of177Lu-DOTATATE. Consequently, the aim of this study was to assess the potential of Onalespib in combination with177Lu-DOTATATE in vivo and to examine the toxicity profiles of the treatments.Methods177Lu-DOTATATE selectivity and distribution in NET xenografts were studied using biodistribution and autoradiography. Therapeutic effects of Onalespib in combination with177Lu-DOTATATE were studied in NET xenografts. Histological analyses were used to assess molecular effects from treatment and to establish toxicity profiles.ResultsBiodistribution and autoradiography confirmed the SSTR-selective tumor uptake of177Lu-DOTATATE, which was unaffected by Onalespib treatment. Immunohistochemistry verified molecular responses to Onalespib therapy in the tumors. While Onalespib and177Lu-DOTATATE monotherapies resulted in a 10% and 33% delay in tumor doubling time compared with control, the combination treatment resulted in a 73% delayed tumor doubling time. Moreover, combination treatment increased complete remissions threefold from177Lu-DOTATATE monotherapy, resulting in 29% complete remissions. In addition, histological analyses demonstrated radiation-induced glomerular injury in the177Lu-DOTATATE monotherapy group. The damage was decreased tenfold in the combination group, potentially due to Onalespib-induced HSP70 upregulation in the kidneys.ConclusionTreatment with Onalespib potentiated177Lu-DOTATATE therapy of NET xenografts with a favorable toxicity profile. Utilizing Onalespib’s radiosensitizing properties with177Lu-DOTATATE may lead to better therapeutic results in the future and may reduce unwanted side effects in dose-limiting organs.
Everyone has Their Role to Play During the World Health Organisation Surgical Safety Checklist in Australia: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Taplin Christina , Romano Linda , Tacey Mark , Hodgson Russell 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe World Health Organisation Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) is a mandated part of surgical practice. Adherence to the SSC has been shown to result in improved patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the current adherence to the timeout section of the SSC and, in particular, the function of individual team members.MethodsA prospective pre‐ and post‐intervention observational audit was conducted on the timeout section. The intervention involved an in‐hospital display of interim results and distribution to theatre staff. Data were collected on participants, duration and compliance with checklist items for 400 theatre cases. There were 200 cases before and after the intervention.ResultsThere were no cases in which the timeout section was completed correctly in its entirety. Post‐intervention, there was a significant improvement in participation of theatre staff (excluding surgeons) as well as a significant improvement in items discussed and documented. Discussion of items such as anticipated critical events, pressure areas and the team introduction remained low. Some items on the checklist were discussed significantly more when a particular staff member participated.ConclusionObserved completion rates of the timeout section of the SSC were poor. Individual team members positively influenced checklist items more aligned to their role, highlighting the importance of timeout being performed by the entire theatre team. Improved performance was seen following audit and feedback.
Surgical Repair of Juxtarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms and safety of Suprarenal Aortic Clamping
Authors: Jeong Seonjeong , Kwon Tae‐Won , Han Youngjin , Cho Yong‐Pil 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundJuxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) comprises 15–20% of all AAAs and often requires open surgical repair (OSR) due to anatomical limitations associated with endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), particularly in the case of hostile proximal necks. This study aimed to evaluate short‐ and long‐term outcomes of suprarenal clamping during OSR of juxtarenal AAAs and compare the outcomes of this technique with those of infrarenal clamping for AAAs.MethodsBetween January 1 2014, and December 31 2016, 289 consecutive patients aged ≥40 years underwent primary repair for infrarenal AAAs, including 141 OSRs and 148 EVARs. Of the 141 patients, 20 were excluded and totally, 121 patients were included.ResultsAll patients had fusiform‐type AAAs and were divided into infrarenal (N = 98) or suprarenal (N=23) clamp groups. The mean follow‐up period was 51.4 months (95% CI: 48.6–54.2). Mean survival time was 51.4 months (95% CI: 48.6–54.2). Thirty‐day mortality was 0.8%, and there was no significant difference between two groups (P >. 999). Renal complication in infrarenal clamp group was 4.1% and suprarenal clamp group was 4.3% (P >. 999). Old age (HR: 1.084; 95% CI: 1.025–1.147; P=.005) and high ASA score (HR: 2.361; 95% CI: 1.225–4.553; P =. 010) were substantially associated with in‐hospital complications.ConclusionsAlthough endovascular procedures for repairing juxtarenal AAAs, such as fenestrated EVAR, have been developed, surgical repair is the standard treatment for juxtarenal AAAs. Morbidity and mortality due to open surgery were not higher in the juxtarenal AAA group than in the infrarenal AAA group. Therefore, need for suprarenal clamp should not preclude OSR and also there is continued need for training in surgical exposure of juxtarenal AAA and OSR.
Amplitude and Frequency Variation in Nonlinear Glucose Dynamics with Multiple Delays via Periodic Perturbation
Authors: Bridgewater Adam , Huard Benoit , Angelova Maia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCharacterising the glycemic response to a glucose stimulus is an essential tool for detecting deficiencies in humans such as diabetes. In the presence of a constant glucose infusion in healthy individuals, it is known that this control leads to slow oscillations as a result of feedback mechanisms at the organ and tissue level. In this paper, we provide a novel quantitative description of the dependence of this oscillatory response on the physiological functions. This is achieved through the study of a model of the ultradian oscillations in glucose-insulin regulation which takes the form of a nonlinear system of equations with two discrete delays. While studying the behaviour of solutions in such systems can be mathematically challenging due to their nonlinear structure and non-local nature, a particular attention is given to the periodic solutions of the model. These arise from a Hopf bifurcation which is induced by an external glucose stimulus and the joint contributions of delays in pancreatic insulin release and hepatic glycogenesis. The effect of each physiological subsystem on the amplitude and period of the oscillations is exhibited by performing a perturbative analysis of its periodic solutions. It is shown that assuming the commensurateness of delays enables the Hopf bifurcation curve to be characterised by studying roots of linear combinations of Chebyshev polynomials. The resulting expressions provide an invaluable tool for studying the interplay between physiological functions and delays in producing an oscillatory regime, as well as relevant information for glycemic control strategies.
Severely restricting energy intake for 24 h does not affect markers of bone metabolism at rest or in response to re-feeding
Authors: Clayton David J. , James Lewis J. , Sale Craig , Templeman Iain , Betts James A. , Varley Ian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Intermittent energy restriction commonly refers to ad libitum energy intake punctuated with 24 h periods of severe energy restriction. This can improve markers of metabolic health but the effects on bone metabolism are unknown. This study assessed how 24 h severe energy restriction and subsequent refeeding affected markers of bone turnover.

Methods
In a randomised order, 16 lean men and women completed 2, 48 h trials over 3 days. On day 1, participants consumed a 24 h diet providing 100% [EB: 9.27 (1.43) MJ] or 25% [ER: 2.33 (0.34) MJ] of estimated energy requirements. On day 2, participants consumed a standardised breakfast (08:00), followed by an ad libitum lunch (12:00) and dinner (19:30). Participants then fasted overnight, returning on day 3. Plasma concentrations of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were assessed as indices of bone metabolism after an overnight fast on days 1–3, and for 4 h after breakfast on day 2.

Results
There were no differences between trials in fasting concentrations of CTX, P1NP or PTH on days 1–3 (P > 0.512). During both trials, consuming breakfast reduced CTX between 1 and 4 h (P < 0.001) and PTH between 1 and 2 h (P < 0.05), but did not affect P1NP (P = 0.773) Postprandial responses for CTX (P = 0.157), P1NP (P = 0.148) and PTH (P = 0.575) were not different between trials. Ad libitum energy intake on day 2 was greater on ER [12.62 (2.46) MJ] than EB [11.91 (2.49) MJ].

Conclusions
Twenty-four hour severe energy restriction does not affect markers of bone metabolism.
Common and distinct brain functional alterations in pharmacotherapy treatment-naïve female borderline personality disorder patients with and without auditory verbal hallucinations: a pilot study
Authors: Zhuo Chuanjun , Ji Feng , Lin Xiao , Tian Hongjun , Wang Lina , Xu Yong , Wang Wenqiang , Zhong Baoliang , Lin Xiaodong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAuditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are experienced by approximately 25% of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Despite the high incidence, the pathological features of AVH in BPD remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whole-brain functional connectivity (FC), as measured by functional connectivity density (FCD), and its relationship with AVH in BPD. 65 pharmacotherapy treatment-naïve female BPD patients (30 with AVH and 35 without AVH), and 35 female healthy controls were investigated. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected to assess whole-brain FC and functional connectivity density mapping (FCDM) was applied to the fMRI data to compute FCD features. Compared to the healthy controls, both BPD groups (BPD–AVH and BPD without AVH) exhibited significantly higher gFCD values in the bilateral prefrontal lobe, bilateral orbital lobule, and bilateral insula, and significantly lower gFCD values in the SMA, right anterior temporal lobule, and the ACC. These altered regions were significantly associated with AVH in the BPD subjects. Moreover, higher gFCD values were observed in the left posterior temporal lobule and posterior frontal lobule. Aberrant alterations also emerged in the left posterior temporal lobule and posterior frontal lobule, mainly in Broca and Wernicke regions. Nevertheless, there was no significant correlation between gFCD values and the severity of AVH as measured by the AVH scores. In summary, we have identified aberrations in the FC and brain metabolism of the aforementioned neural circuits/networks, which may provide new insights into BPD–AVH and facilitate the development of therapeutic approaches for treating AVH in BPD patients.
Enhancing geological and hydrogeological understanding of the Precipice Sandstone aquifer of the Surat Basin, Great Artesian Basin, Australia, through model inversion of managed aquifer recharge datasets
Authors: Hayes Phil , Nicol Chris , La Croix Andrew D. , Pearce Julie , Gonzalez Sebastian , Wang Jiahao , Harfoush Ahmed , He Jianhua , Moser Andrew , Helm Lauren , Morris Ryan , Gornall David 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Precipice Sandstone is a major Great Artesian Basin aquifer in the Surat Basin, Queensland, Australia, which is used for water supply and production of oil and gas. This report describes use of observed groundwater pressure responses to managed aquifer recharge (MAR) at a regional scale to test recent geological descriptions of Precipice Sandstone extent, and to inform its hydrogeological conceptualisation. Since 2015, two MAR schemes have injected over 20 GL of treated water from coal seam gas production into the Precipice Sandstone, with pressure responses rapidly propagating over 100 km, indicating high aquifer diffusivity. Groundwater modelling of injection and inversion of pressure signals using PEST software shows the spatial variability of aquifer properties, and indicates that basin in-situ stresses and faulting exert control on permeability. Extremely high permeability, up to 200 m/day, occurs in heavily fractured regions with a dual-porosity flow regime. The broader-scale estimates of permeability approach an order of magnitude higher than previous studies, which has implications for the management of water resources in the Precipice Sandstone. Results also show the Precipice Sandstone to have broadly isotropic permeability. The results also support a recent geological interpretation of the Precipice Sandstone as having more limited lateral extent than initially considered. The study shows the effective use of MAR injection data to improve geological and hydrogeological understanding through groundwater model inversion. It also demonstrates the utility of combining hydrogeological and reservoir-engineer datasets in areas explored and developed for both groundwater resources and oil and gas resources.
Investigation and assessment of pre-grouted rock mass
Authors: Strømsvik Helene , Gammelsæter Bjørnar 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPre-grouting is a technique for reducing water ingress into tunnels and caverns by grouting fractures and joints prior to excavation. This study investigates pre-grouted rock mass to evaluate grout penetration in fractures and transmissivity of water in the rock mass surrounding the built tunnel, with the use for core drilling, OTV, high-precision water injection tests and core logging. The study was performed in three tunnel localities, in tunnels excavated in connection with the Follo Line project in Norway, where pre-grouting was performed using cement-based grouts. It was found less cement than expected in fractures with small apertures, compared with results of grout penetrability in laboratory studies of similar grouts. Further, it was found that fractures in coarse-grained rock types had rougher fracture surfaces and higher hydraulic apertures, than fractures in fine-grained rock types. It was also found that fractures with smoother surfaces had smaller hydraulic apertures in general. Hydraulic jacking was evidenced during the pre-grouting in this area, which is likely to have contributed to unnecessary high grout consumption.
From high- to one-dimensional dynamics of decision making: testing simplifications in attractor models
Authors: Schoemann Martin , Scherbaum Stefan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractComputational models introduce simplifications that need to be understood and validated. For attractor models of decision making, the main simplification is the high-level representation of different sub-processes of the complex decision system in one dynamic description of the overall process dynamics. This simplification implies that the overall process dynamics of the decision system are independent from specific values handled in different sub-processes. Here, we test the validity of this simplification empirically by investigating choice perseveration in a nonverbal, value-based decision task. Specifically, we tested whether choice perseveration occurred irrespectively of the attribute dimension as suggested by a simulation of the computational model. We find evidence supporting the validity of the simplification. We conclude that the simplification might capture mechanistic aspects of decision-making processes, and that the summation of the overall process dynamics of decision systems into one single variable is a valid approach in computational modeling. Supplement materials such as empirical data, analysis scripts, and the computational model are publicly available at the Open Science Framework (osf.io/7fb5q).
Using the visitor-employed photography method to analyse deadwood perceptions of forest visitors: a case study from Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany
Authors: Rathmann Joachim , Sacher Philipp , Volkmann Norman , Mayer Marius 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study investigates visitors’ perceptions and preferences regarding the characteristics of deadwood in the Bavarian Forest National Park (SE-Germany). Visitor-employed photography has been used to collect information about visitors’ preferences. Deadwood is the second most photographed forest element which underlines its important role in forest perception. Even though deadwood photographs are evaluated significantly worse than most other forest elements, most visitors nevertheless associate deadwood photographs with a positively rated forest image. Based on the relationship between aesthetics and recreation revealed in the interviews, it can be concluded that the forest path during the hike was both pleasant and restful. This is confirmed by the post-trip interviews, showing that a higher proportion of deadwood is associated with more aesthetics or recreational value. Regarding deadwood structure results show that deadwood fragments and debris are perceived negatively, while root stocks were assessed more positively. We also found a gradient with positive evaluations increasing with progressing decomposition.
Synergistic China–US Ecological Research is Essential for Global Emerging Infectious Disease Preparedness
Authors: Smiley Evans Tierra , Shi Zhengli , Boots Michael , Liu Wenjun , Olival Kevin J. , Xiao Xiangming , Vandewoude Sue , Brown Heidi , Chen Ji-Long , Civitello David J. , Escobar Luis , Grohn Yrjo , Li Hongying , Lips Karen , Liu Qiyoung , Lu Jiahai , Martínez-López Beatriz , Shi Jishu , Shi Xiaolu , Xu Biao , Yuan Lihong , Zhu Guoqiang , Getz Wayne M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe risk of a zoonotic pandemic disease threatens hundreds of millions of people. Emerging infectious diseases also threaten livestock and wildlife populations around the world and can lead to devastating economic damages. China and the USA—due to their unparalleled resources, widespread engagement in activities driving emerging infectious diseases and national as well as geopolitical imperatives to contribute to global health security—play an essential role in our understanding of pandemic threats. Critical to efforts to mitigate risk is building upon existing investments in global capacity to develop training and research focused on the ecological factors driving infectious disease spillover from animals to humans. International cooperation, particularly between China and the USA, is essential to fully engage the resources and scientific strengths necessary to add this ecological emphasis to the pandemic preparedness strategy. Here, we review the world’s current state of emerging infectious disease preparedness, the ecological and evolutionary knowledge needed to anticipate disease emergence, the roles that China and the USA currently play as sources and solutions to mitigating risk, and the next steps needed to better protect the global community from zoonotic disease.
Monotone Smoothing Splines with Bounds
Authors: Maad Sasane Sara 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe problem of monotone smoothing splines with bounds is formulated as a constrained minimization problem of the calculus of variations. Existence and uniqueness of solutions of this problem is proved, as well as the equivalence of it to a finite dimensional but nonlinear optimization problem. A new algorithm for computing the solution which is a spline curve, using a branch and bound technique, is presented. The method is applied to examples in neuroscience and for fitting cumulative distribution functions from data.
Left ventricular mechanical dispersion in flow-gradient patterns of severe aortic stenosis with narrow QRS complex
Authors: Lavall Daniel , Kuprat Linn Kristin , Kandels Joscha , Stöbe Stephan , Hagendorff Andreas , Laufs Ulrich 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPatients with severe aortic stenosis are classified according to flow-gradient patterns. We investigated whether left ventricular (LV) mechanical dispersion, a marker of dyssynchrony and predictor of mortality, is associated with low-flow status in aortic stenosis. 316 consecutive patients with aortic stenosis and QRS duration < 120 ms were included in the retrospective analysis. Patients with severe aortic stenosis (aortic valve area ≤ 1.0 cm2) were classified as normal-flow (NF; stroke volume index > 35 ml/m2) high-gradient (HG; mean transvalvular gradient ≥ 40 mmHg) (n = 79), NF low-gradient (LG) (n = 62), low-flow (LF) LG ejection fraction (EF) ≥ 50% (n = 57), and LF LG EF < 50% (n = 23). Patients with moderate aortic stenosis (aortic valve area 1.5–1.0 cm2; n = 95) served as comparison group. Mechanical dispersion (calculated as standard deviation of time from Q/S onset on electrocardiogram to peak longitudinal strain in 17 left ventricular segments) was similar in patients with NF HG (49.4 ± 14.7 ms), NF LG (43.5 ± 12.9 ms), LF LG EF ≥ 50% (47.2 ± 16.3 ms) and moderate aortic stenosis (44.2 ± 15.7 ms). In patients with LF LG EF < 50%, mechanical dispersion was increased (60.8 ± 20.7 ms, p < 0.05 vs. NF HG, NF LG, LF LG EF ≥ 50% and moderate AS). Mechanical dispersion correlated with global longitudinal strain (r = 0.1354, p = 0.0160) and heart rate (r = 0.1587, p = 0.0047), but not with parameters of aortic stenosis. Mechanical dispersion was similar among flow-gradient subgroups of severe aortic stenosis with preserved LVEF, but increased in patients with low-flow low-gradient and reduced LVEF. These findings indicate that mechanical dispersion is rather a marker of systolic myocardial dysfunction than of aortic stenosis.