bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Occurrence of Stillbirth before 32 Weeks of Gestation in a Contemporary Cohort
Authors: Brackett Elizabeth E. , Hall Eric S. , DeFranco Emily A. , Rossi Robert M. 
Published: July 2020

Objective We sought to quantify the distribution of stillbirths by gestational age (GA) in a contemporary cohort and to determine identifiable risk factors associated with stillbirth prior to 32 weeks of gestation.
Study Design Population-based case-control study of all stillbirths in the United States during the year 2014, utilizing vital statistics data, obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics. Distribution of stillbirths were stratified by 20 to 44 weeks of GA, in women diagnosed with stillbirth in the antepartum period. Pregnancy characteristics were compared between those diagnosed with stillbirth <32 versus ≥32 weeks of gestation. Multivariate logistic regression estimated the relative influence of various factors on the outcome of stillbirth prior to 32 weeks of gestation.
Results There were 15,998 nonlaboring women diagnosed with stillbirth during 2014 in the United States between 20 and 44 weeks. Of them, 60.1% (n = 9,618) occurred before antenatal fetal surveillance (ANFS) is typically initiated (<32 weeks) and 39.9% (n = 6,380) were diagnosed at ≥32 weeks. Women with stillbirth prior to 32 weeks were more likely to be of non-Hispanic Black race (29.0 vs. 23.9%, p < 0.001), nulliparous (53.8 vs. 50.6%, p = 0.001), have chronic hypertension (CHTN; 6.0 vs. 4.3%, p < 0.001), and fetal growth restriction as evidenced by small for GA (SGA < 10th%) birth weight (44.8 vs. 42.1%, p < 0.001) as opposed to women with stillbirth after 32 weeks. After adjustment, SGA birth weight (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–1.3), Black race (aOR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1–1.3), and CHTN (aOR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1–1.5) were associated with stillbirth prior to 32 weeks of gestation as opposed to stillbirth after 32 weeks.
Conclusion More than 6 out of 10 stillbirths in this study occurred <32 weeks of gestation, before ANFS is typically initiated under American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommendations. Among identifiable risk factors, CHTN, Black race, and fetal growth restriction were associated with higher risk of stillbirth before 32 weeks of gestation. Earlier ANFS may be warranted at in certain “at risk” women.
Key Points
Extremist ideology as a complex contagion: the spread of far-right radicalization in the United States between 2005 and 2017
Authors: Youngblood Mason 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIncreasing levels of far-right extremist violence have generated public concern about the spread of radicalization in the United States. Previous research suggests that radicalized individuals are destabilized by various environmental (or endemic) factors, exposed to extremist ideology, and subsequently reinforced by members of their community. As such, the spread of radicalization may proceed through a social contagion process, in which extremist ideologies behave like complex contagions that require multiple exposures for adoption. In this study, I applied an epidemiological method called two-component spatio-temporal intensity modeling to data from 416 far-right extremists exposed in the United States between 2005 and 2017. The results indicate that patterns of far-right radicalization in the United States are consistent with a complex contagion process, in which reinforcement is required for transmission. Both social media usage and group membership enhance the spread of extremist ideology, suggesting that online and physical organizing remain primary recruitment tools of the far-right movement. In addition, I identified several endemic factors, such as poverty, that increase the probability of radicalization in particular regions. Future research should investigate how specific interventions, such as online counter-narratives to battle propaganda, may be effectively implemented to mitigate the spread of far-right extremism in the United States.
Standardization and validity of Chefmania, a video game designed as a cognitive screening test for children
Authors: Apiquian Rogelio , Ulloa Rosa Elena , Victoria Gamaliel , Gómez-Tello María Fernanda , Morales Enrique , García-Covarrubias Luis 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe potential of video games as diagnostic tools for cognitive deficits has been poorly studied. There is a lack of well-designed studies addressing the psychometric properties and standardization values of video games. Chefmania is a video game designed as a screening test in Spanish to determine cognitive alterations, as well as academic concepts such as number, space, time, and instructions follow-up in children above 6 years of age. The present study aimed to evaluate the validity of Chefmania as well as the normative values of a Mexican sample. The standardization included 266 children divided into three age groups: 6–7, 8–9, and 10–12 years olds; concurrent validity was determined by the correlation between Chefmania and other standardized cognitive batteries. Discriminant validity was determined by the comparison of Chefmania scores between school children and children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Standardization showed an age effect, where older children performed better in Chefmania subtests. Chefmania showed significant and moderate correlations with other cognitive batteries. Children with ADHD showed poorer performance. Chefmania is a valid instrument for the assessment of cognition and is suitable for use in schools.
Tensor form factors of P→ P, S, V and A transitions within standard and covariant light-front approaches *
Authors: Chang Qin , Wang Xiao-Lin , Wang Li-Ting 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We investigate the tensor form factors of

, and A transitions within the standard light-front (SLF) and the covariant light-front (CLF) quark models (QMs). The self-consistency and Lorentz covariance of CLF QM are analyzed via these quantities, and the effects of zero-mode are discussed. For the

and A transitions, besides the inconsistency between the results extracted via longitudinal and transverse polarization states, which is caused by the residual

-dependent spurious contributions, we find and analyze a “novel” self-consistence problem of the traditional CLF QM, caused by different strategies for dealing with the trace term in CLF matrix element. A possible solution to the problems of traditional CLF QM is discussed and confirmed numerically. Finally, the theoretical predictions for the tensor form factors of some

and

(

) induced

and A transitions are updated within the CLF QM with a self-consistent scheme.
Lattice study of two-photon decay widths for scalar and pseudo-scalar charmonium *
Authors: Chen Ying , Gong Ming , Li Ning , Liu Chuan , Liu Yu-Bin , Liu Zhaofeng , Ma Jian-Ping , Meng Yu , Xiong Chao , Zhang Ke-Long 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This exploratory study computes two-photon decay widths of pseudo-scalar (

) and scalar (

) charmonium using two ensembles of

twisted mass lattice QCD gauge configurations. The simulation is performed using two lattice ensembles with lattice spacings

fm with size

and

fm with size

. The decay widths for the two charmonia are obtained within the expected ballpark, but are however smaller than the experimental ones. Possible reasons for these discrepancies are discussed.
Heavy flavor dissociation in framework of multi-body Dirac equations *
Authors: Shi Shuzhe , Zhao Jiaxing , Zhuang Pengfei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We study heavy flavor properties at finite temperature in the framework of a relativistic potential model. Using an improved method to solve the three-body Dirac equation, we determine a universal set of model parameters for both mesons and baryons by fitting heavy flavor masses in vacuum. Taking heavy quark potential from lattice QCD simulations in hot medium, we systematically calculate heavy flavor binding energies and averaged sizes as functions of the temperature. The meson and baryons are separately sequentially dissociated in the quark-gluon plasma, and the mesons can survive at higher temperatures owing to the stronger potential between quark-antiquark pairs than that between quark-quark pairs.
Investigation of neutron density distribution of 208Pb nucleus when the proton density is constrained to its experimental distribution
Authors: Abdulghany A. R. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, two novel improvements for the theoretical calculation of neutron distributions are presented. First, the available experimental proton distributions are used as a constraint rather than inferred from the calculation. Second, the recently proposed distribution formula, d3pF, is used for the neutron density, which is more detailed than the usual shapes, for the first time in a nuclear structure calculation. A semi-microscopic approach for binding energy calculation is considered in this study. However, the proposed improvements can be introduced to any other approach. The ground state binding energy and neutron density distribution of 208Pb nucleus are calculated by optimizing the binding energy considering three different distribution formulae. The implementation of the proposed improvements leads to qualitative and quantitative improvements in the calculation of the binding energy and neutron density distribution. The calculated binding energy agrees with the experimental value, and the calculated neutron density exhibits fluctuations within the nuclear interior, which corresponds with the predictions of self-consistent approaches.
Calculations of the α-decay properties of Z = 120, 122, 124, 126 isotopes *
Authors: Ge Zhishuai , Zhang Gen , Cheng Shihui , Tsyganov Yu. S. , Zhang Feng-Shou 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The α-decay properties of even-Z nuclei with Z = 120, 122, 124, 126 are predicted. We employ the generalized liquid drop model (GLDM), Royer's formula, and universal decay law (UDL) to calculate the

-decay half-lives. By comparing the theoretical calculations with the experimental data of known nuclei from Fl to Og, we confirm that all the employed methods can reproduce the

-decay half-lives well. The preformation factor

and

-decay energy

show that

120,

122, and

124 might be stable. The

-decay half-lives show a peak at Z = 120, N = 184, and the peak vanishes when Z = 122, 124, 126. Based on detailed analysis of the competition between

-decay and spontaneous fission, we predict that nuclei nearby N = 184 undergo

-decay. The decay modes of

120,

122,

124, and

126 are also presented.
Temporal trends of the association between ambient temperature and cardiovascular mortality: a 17-year case-crossover study
Authors: Lu Peng , Zhao Qi , Xia Guoxin , Xu Rongbin , Hanna Liz , Jiang Jing , Li Shanshan , Guo Yuming 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Aim. To examine the temporal variations of the association between ambient temperature and mortality for cardiovascular diseases in Queensland, Australia between 1997 and 2013.

Methods. We obtained 147 238 cardiovascular deaths data from Queensland Health between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2013. Time-stratified case-crossover design was fitted via the conditional quasi-Poisson regression with time-varying distributed lag non-linear model to estimate the associations between temperature and cardiovascular mortality. Stratified analyses were performed by age, sex, climate zone, and socioeconomic status.

Results. We found a substantial decrease in the cold effect, while there was no significant change in the heat effect. Results of subgroup analyses showed an increasing trend for heat effects in men, people ⩽84 years old, those living in low and middle socioeconomic areas and those living in hot climate areas. There was a decreasing trend for the magnitude of associations between temperature (both cold and hot temperatures) and cardiovascular mortality in people ⩾85 years old and in areas of high socioeconomic status.

Conclusions. The associations between cold temperature and cardiovascular mortality decreased in Queensland, Australia between 1997 and 2013, but no declines were observed for hot temperatures. Men, people ⩽84 years old, people living in low and middle socioeconomic score areas and people living in hot climate areas demonstrated increased susceptibility to hot temperatures. Our findings suggest a need for heat awareness health promotion campaigns to enhance adaptation to a warming climate among vulnerable population.
Study on the key factors of the sustainable development of environmental protection PPP projects in China
Authors: Hu Qiliang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
With the progress of society and the building of a community with a Shared future for mankind, environmental protection has gradually become the top priority in China’s infrastructure construction. The government and private capital jointly carry out the infrastructure construction of environmental protection PPP projects. In the construction of environmental protection PPP project, whether the sustainable development is the key to the success of the project. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the key factors of PPP project’s sustainable development for the successful implementation of the project. By constructing the key factors of sustainable development of environmental protection PPP projects, the principal component analysis method is used to identify and classify the key factors of sustainable development. It is concluded that the key factors of the sustainable development of PPP projects include sustainable economic and social benefits, sustainable engineering, sustainable resources and environment, and sustainable project management. Through the implementation and construction of key factors of environmental protection PPP project, the sustainable development of the project can be improved, so that the ecological environment can be protected in the long run.
Theoretical Analysis of Environmental Regulation and Enterprise Behavior
Authors: Pang Lei , xiaolei Chen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
From a traditional point of view, we are caught in the dilemma of eco-protection and economic development. Enterprises see environment protection as a confinement to their economic activities as it hinders freedom of production and reaction and generates extra cost to meet environmental regulations, thus compromising profitability and competitiveness. However, according to Michael Porter, it is unwise for enterprises to raise environmental standards and new regulations on environment. A rational set of environmental regulations could stimulate innovation, which would improve resource utilization and make up for increased initial cost caused by environmental regulations, thus ensuring competitiveness. Therefore, what is the mechanism of environmental regulations working on enterprise behavior? A decent understanding and appropriate handling of the relationship between environmental regulations would not only highlight Chinese enterprises in globalization but also play an active role in promoting sustainable social and economic development.
The paper started with an introduction of environmental regulations from its definition, classification, and channels, followed by descriptions of enterprise behaviors. Then the paper discussed the impact of environmental regulation on enterprise behaviors, including maximizing profits, technical innovation, and competitive behaviors. The production and cost function of enterprises related to environmental factors were used to establish the measurement model of enterprises’ technological innovation. In the last part, this paper proposed measures and suggestions for improving social and economic effects of enterprises.
Numerical simulation and prediction of chlorinated hydrocarbon migration in eastern Jinan
Authors: Zhang Shuaiji , Ma Zhenmin , Liu Shusen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the pollution of carbon tetrachloride in the Groundwater system is taken as the main research object. By selecting the monitoring sample points of shallow groundwater and using MT3DMS module in GMS numerical simulation software to establish the migration and transformation model of typical chlorinated hydrocarbons. Sequentially, predicting the development trend of carbon tetrachloride pollution. The results show that with the passage of time, the concentration of pollutants decreases due to the adsorption and attenuation of solid phase media, the pollution range of carbon tetrachloride decreases, and the overall pollution degree of carbon tetrachloride in karst water decreases. From the simulation results, the concentration time-duration curves of the typical points in different parts of the southern, central and northern parts of the pollution plume were extracted, and the linear equation was used for fitting. The fitting effect is good and conforms to the first-order attenuation equation, providing ideas for the prevention and treatment of chlorinated hydrocarbon pollution in the subsequent groundwater.
Concrete Cracking Control of Chamber wall in Jiepai Ship-lock Project
Authors: Sheng Z B , Deng C L , Xiong J B 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Based on analysis of crack problem of chamber wall ship lock expansion project in Jiepai province, the related research of countermeasures have been made, to solve the cracks occurs in the structure. The countermeasure of cracks are analysed by monitoring internal-external temperature and shrinkage stress of chamber wall. It is provided that the rational measures could make less cracks occur, including fiber lattice with curing of insulation and moisture materials and optimization of proportion mix. A series of investigations are carried out insitu and prove countermeasures of cracking control effectively. This paper states the technical details and developing of inner temperature and shrinkage in chamber wall by adopting above measures.
Research on Seismic Performance of Bottom Frame Structure Based on Pushover Method
Authors: Deng Hongyu , Hao Xiaopan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
To study the seismic performance and seismic capacity evaluation method of the bottom frame structure, this paper adopts a five-story bottom frame structure as an example, and uses SAP2000 finite element software to establish an analytical model on Pushover analysis. The results show that Pushover analysis is an effective method to evaluate the seismic performance of the structure. The impact on the bottom frame structure of the high-order vibration modes under the earthquake is negligible, mainly because the first-order vibration mode plays a controlling role, and the lateral force adopts the inverted triangle Load distribution mode loading is feasible, and the bottom frames structure after formal construction and design according to the specifications can meet the requirements of seismic performance.
A study on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of Green Travel for College Students
Authors: Yuan Yifu , Zhang Qiuping , Mao An , Luo Yujie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
With the rapid development of urbanization, a number of problems such as traffic congestion and air pollution are becoming more and more serious. Green travel is an important part of urban planning, which can effectively alleviate environmental pollution. As an important part of urban population, college students have distinct characteristics in travel demand, travel mode, and other aspects. Their cognition of green travel also has a tremendous impact on urban traffic planning and development. Taking Shandong Agricultural University as a case study, this study investigated the green travel situation of college students in the form of questionnaire, and analyzed their travel characteristics and influencing factors. Most people think that when dealing with the traffic problems, the government should play a major role and put forward rectification measures; in the existing green travel mode, the use frequency of bicycles or electric vehicles is not very high, and there are many problems in the use process; for short-distance travel, many people use walking or co-riding, etc. After analyzing the relevant factors, this study proposed targeted measures to encourage and guide students to choose green travel.
On the development of exponential regression analysis concerning occupant density and space form to predict energy consumption of outpatient department in hospital
Authors: Yuan Shi , Ge Li , Zhengyu Fan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In outpatient area of medical buildings, the distribution of people and energy consumption are significantly different when the space form scale changes. To obtain the simulation results of energy consumption under different occupant densities and different space forms, then establish a predictive regression model which can quantify the influence on building energy when space form scale and occupant density change, the Design Builder software is used to simulate the energy consumption. On the basis of the above simulations, this paper explores the characteristics and rules of energy-saving form of outpatient area which could provide references for the low-energy medical building design. The results show that when the total area of the outpatient department is constant, the energy consumption decreases when the occupant density increases; when the width of the peripheral zone increases, the energy consumption increases accordingly. The specific value of energy consumption can be predicted by regression model.
Time-dependent reliability analysis for out-plane stability of CFST arches
Authors: Jiang Wei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) arches have been widely used in bridge structures for the advantages of material properties and construction technologies. However, studies for out-plane stability with the consideration of uncertainties due to the concrete creep have been limited. In this paper, the limit state function (LSF) for out-plane creep stability of CFST arches is established. The stastical information of creep coefficient of concrete is obtained based on the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) method. Based on the models of out-plane creep stability, the time-dependent reliability method and the finite element reliability method (FERM) are combined to investigate the reliability deteriotion for the out-plane stability of CFST arch ribs. The results show that the reliability indices for out-plane creep stability decreases sharply with time; the deteriotion of time-dependent reliability is significant in the first 200 days; the effects of steel ratios on the time-dependent reliability index is remarkble.
Research on Characteristics of Field Measured Near-earth Turbulence of Typhoon “Soulik” by Transmission Tower
Authors: Hongjie Zhang , Guo Huang , Bin Xie , Yu Wang , Xingjie Wang , Chong Zheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
To explore the variation of mean wind speed, turbulence intensity and gust factor along the height, a 500kV transmission tower located in Ningde Fujian was chosen and the wind data during typhoon “Soulik” were collected from five anemometers arranged at 15m, 27m, 53m, 67m and 82m height. The results show that the rough factor decreases with wind speed when it is less than 12m/s, And little variation when wind speed over 12m/s. The friction velocity is increase with wind speed. The variation of the near-earth boundary calculated by the formula is not obvious with time, The average height of neutral ABL is 2,007.89m, which is much higher than the 350m of gradient height. Recommended by Chinese National Load Code for open terrain. The profile of mean wind speed of typhoon “Soulik” agrees well with the power law and the log law. In this paper, the expressions of longitudinal, lateral and vertical turbulence profiles are obtained by exponential fitting. Finally, the actual gust factor is fitted as the shape of

G
i

=

α

(

Z
10

)

β

, and obtained the empirical expression of gust factor.