bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive stochastic model predictive control of linear systems using Gaussian process regression
Authors: Li Fei , Li Huiping , He Yuyao 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a stochastic model predictive control method for linear time‐invariant systems subject to state‐dependent additive uncertainties modelled by Gaussian process (GP). The new method is developed by re‐building the tube‐based model predictive control framework with chance constraints via adaptive constraint tightening. In particular, the tightened constraint set is constructed by forecasting the confidence region of uncertainty. Utilising this adaptive strategy, the Gaussian process based stochastic model predictive control (GP‐SMPC) algorithm is designed by applying the adaptive tightened constraints in all prediction horizons. To reduce the computation load, the one‐step GP‐SMPC algorithm is further developed by imposing the tightened constraints only to the first‐step nominal state and the worst‐case constraints to the remaining steps. Under the assumption that the state‐dependent uncertainties are bounded, the recursive feasibility of the designed optimisation problem is ensured, and the closed‐loop system stability is guaranteed. The effectiveness and advantage over existing methods are verified via simulation and comparison studies.
Measurements and channel modeling of low and medium voltage NB‐PLC networks for smart metering
Authors: Masood Bilal , Guobing Song , Naqvi Rizwan Ali , Rasheed Muhammad Babar , Hou Junjie , Rehman Ateeq Ur 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to investigate the feasibility of smart metering system based on narrowband power line communications (NB‐PLC) by using low‐voltage (LV) and medium‐voltage (MV) power line channels. The LV and MV networks of two different sites are selected to carry out comprehensive field measurements to investigate the characteristics of NB‐PLC channels for narrowband frequencies. The NB‐PLC channels of both sites are classified into two categories, that is, bad and good channels of LV and MV networks by considering their characteristics and performance. On the basis of measured results, the simulation models for the modeling of LV and MV NB‐PLC channels are developed and thus proposed. The measured and simulated results are compared to validate the efficiency of proposed methods. A state of the art mechanism for the modelling of capacitative coupling device and impedances of LV and MV networks is developed. It is proposed that simulation‐based NB‐PLC channel models and analyses can play a vital role in examining the residential and industrial types of channels. This research work will pave the way to standardize the future smart metering equipment and sensing devices of power system protection.
Uninterrupted power supply to BESS based microgrid system using adaptive reclosing approach
Authors: Ghore Shubham , Das Pinku , Biswal Monalisa 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs more than 80% of faults on overhead lines are temporary (transient) in nature which is caused due to lightning strikes, momentary bird or tree limb contact, wind bringing conductors in contact, etc. These type of faults gets cleared by itself in a short duration. But the use of a conventional reclosing scheme results in an outage time which is much larger than the actual fault duration. This is due to the use of fixed dead times in conventional reclosing schemes. This unnecessary outage results in increased consumption of stored energy of energy storage system causing considerable losses. This paper proposes an empirical mode decomposition based adaptive reclosing technique which can sense the exact instant of fault clearance and modify the prefixed dead time to an adaptive value. Within half cycle time period after fault clearance reclosing command can be issued for the breaker. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified in a modified IEEE 13 bus distribution network model considering a battery energy storage system and hybrid distributed generators. The simulation and modelling of the various fault cases in the microgrid structure are done using EMTDC/PSCAD software.
Tactics for improving computational performance of criticality analysis in state estimation
Authors: Braga Flôr Vinícius B. , Do Coutto Filho Milton B. , Stacchini de Souza Julio C. , Augusto Andre A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPower system state estimation is a needful tool for providing reliable data on the system operating conditions. As such, state estimation requires adequate data redundancy levels, which can be expressed in terms of the degrees of criticalities associated with different groups of measurements. Criticality analysis allows the assessment of the potential risks that could impact state estimation results. The identification of criticalities is a computationally‐intensive process owing to the combinatorial nature of the problem. This paper proposes some Branch‐and‐Bound‐based tactics geared up for improving the computational efficiency of criticality analysis in state estimation. Throughout the paper, the authors sum up significant advances concerning their previous research, in terms of branching and bounding operations, choice of search strategies, data structures adopted, the proposition of a coefficient of criticality, uninformed and informed search schemes, different ways of objective function evaluation, and exploration of different objectives to be accomplished. Simulation results obtained on the IEEE 118‐bus test system evince the performance of the proposed algorithms.
GaiaEarly Data Release 3
Authors: Lindegren L. , Bastian U. , Biermann M. , Bombrun A. , de Torres A. , Gerlach E. , Geyer R. , Hernández J. , Hilger T. , Hobbs D. , Klioner S. A. , Lammers U. , McMillan P. J. , Ramos-Lerate M. , Steidelmüller H. , Stephenson C. A. , van Leeuwen F. 
Published: December 2020

Context. GaiaEarly Data Release 3 (GaiaEDR3) gives trigonometric parallaxes for nearly 1.5 billion sources. Inspection of the EDR3 data for sources identified as quasars reveals that their parallaxes are biased, that is, they are systematically offset from the expected distribution around zero, by a few tens of microarcseconds.Aims.We attempt to map the main dependences of the parallax bias in EDR3. In principle, this could provide a recipe for correcting the EDR3 parallaxes.Methods.Quasars provide the most direct way for estimating the parallax bias for faint sources. In order to extend this to brighter sources and a broader range of colours, we used differential methods based on physical pairs (binaries) and sources in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The functional forms of the dependences were explored by mapping the systematic differences between EDR3 and DR2 parallaxes.Results.The parallax bias is found to depend in a non-trivial way on (at least) the magnitude, colour, and ecliptic latitude of the source. Different dependences apply to the five- and six-parameter solutions in EDR3. While it is not possible to derive a definitive recipe for the parallax correction, we give tentative expressions to be used at the researcher’s discretion and point out some possible paths towards future improvements.
Multiple Osteochondromas Comorbid With Enlarged Parietal Foramina, Elongated Styloid Processes, and Tibiofibular Synostosis
Authors: Baugher Elizabeth C , Batarseh Tamara R , Becker Ashley K , Cantu Austin J , Carr Evan W , Sakthi Velavan Sumathilatha 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objectives
This study investigates a unique case of multiple osteochondromas (MO) comorbid with enlarged parietal foramina and correlates the findings with the existing literature. The aim of this study is to provide a deeper understanding of anatomic variation for physicians.

Methods
A 66-year-old White male donor was examined during a routine cadaveric dissection performed by medical students in an anatomy laboratory. Detailed exploration of the skeleton and organs was performed, and photographs were taken. Tissue samples were obtained from multiple outgrowths, and histopathologic examination was done.

Results
Bilateral bony growths were noted rising from the long bones of the upper and lower extremities (femur, tibia, fibula, and radius). An accessory muscle was found to be associated with the left radial bony growth. Histopathologic examination was positive for osteochondroma. Inspection of the skull revealed enlarged parietal foramina. Other findings included tibiofibular synostosis, abnormally shaped vertebral bodies and ribs, and elongated styloid processes of the skull.

Conclusions
In combination with the histopathologic examination, the case report and literature review elucidate a more precise clinical picture for those affected with MO or similar disorders. This report also emphasizes the necessity of further investigation of the pathogenesis of MO and Potocki-Shaffer syndrome.
Maturation of Complex Synaptic Connections of Layer 5 Cortical Axons in the Posterior Thalamic Nucleus Requires SNAP25
Authors: Hayashi Shuichi , Hoerder-Suabedissen Anna , Kiyokage Emi , Maclachlan Catherine , Toida Kazunori , Knott Graham , Molnár Zoltán 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Synapses are able to form in the absence of neuronal activity, but how is their subsequent maturation affected in the absence of regulated vesicular release? We explored this question using 3D electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy analyses in the large, complex synapses formed between cortical sensory efferent axons and dendrites in the posterior thalamic nucleus. Using a Synaptosome-associated protein 25 conditional knockout (Snap25 cKO), we found that during the first 2 postnatal weeks the axonal boutons emerge and increase in the size similar to the control animals. However, by P18, when an adult-like architecture should normally be established, axons were significantly smaller with 3D reconstructions, showing that each Snap25 cKO bouton only forms a single synapse with the connecting dendritic shaft. No excrescences from the dendrites were formed, and none of the normally large glomerular axon endings were seen. These results show that activity mediated through regulated vesicular release from the presynaptic terminal is not necessary for the formation of synapses, but it is required for the maturation of the specialized synaptic structures between layer 5 corticothalamic projections in the posterior thalamic nucleus.
Impact of aortic arch curvature in flow haemodynamics in patients with transposition of the great arteries after arterial switch operation
Authors: Sotelo Julio , Valverde Israel , Martins Duarte , Bonnet Damien , Boddaert Nathalie , Pushparajan Kuberan , Uribe Sergio , Raimondi Francesca 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Aims
In this study, we will describe a comprehensive haemodynamic analysis and its relationship to the dilation of the aorta in transposition of the great artery (TGA) patients post-arterial switch operation (ASO) and controls using 4D-flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data.

Methods and results
Using 4D-flow MRI data of 14 TGA young patients and 8 age-matched normal controls obtained with 1.5 T GE-MR scanner, we evaluate 3D maps of 15 different haemodynamics parameters in six regions; three of them in the aortic root and three of them in the ascending aorta (anterior-left, -right, and posterior for both cases) to find its relationship with the aortic arch curvature and root dilation. Differences between controls and patients were evaluated using Mann–Whitney U test, and the relationship with the curvature was accessed by unpaired t-test. For statistical significance, we consider a P-value of 0.05. The aortic arch curvature was significantly different between patients 46.238 ± 5.581 m−1 and controls 41.066 ± 5.323 m−1. Haemodynamic parameters as wall shear stress circumferential (WSS-C), and eccentricity (ECC), were significantly different between TGA patients and controls in both the root and ascending aorta regions. The distribution of forces along the ascending aorta is highly inhomogeneous in TGA patients. We found that the backward velocity (B-VEL), WSS-C, velocity angle (VEL-A), regurgitation fraction (RF), and ECC are highly correlated with the aortic arch curvature and root dilatation.

Conclusion
We have identified six potential biomarkers (B-VEL, WSS-C, VEL-A, RF, and ECC), which may be helpful for follow-up evaluation and early prediction of aortic root dilatation in this patient population.
Case report: takotsubo cardiomyopathy after transcatheter aortic valve-in-valve replacement
Authors: Steinecker Matthieu , Benvenuti Christophe , Digne Franck , Nejjari Mohammed 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become a first-line therapeutic option in patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis at increased surgical risk. Despite its success, the TAVI procedure has been associated with acute life-threatening complications as myocardial infarction secondary to periprocedural coronary occlusion, annular rupture, or vascular injury.

Case summary
A 79-year-old woman with a dysfunctional bioprosthetic valve following previous surgical valve replacement was hospitalized in our institution to perform a Valve-in-Valve Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (ViV TAVR). Shortly after the implantation of an Evolut R valve (without complication), left ventricle dysfunction with apical akinesia and basal hyperkinesia was identified during bedside transthoracic echocardiography, in spite of a good prosthesis implantation and function. A concomitant Troponin elevation was noted, and the day-after resting electrocardiogram showed a lateral T-wave inversion. Coronary computed tomography angiography showed no coronary stenosis or occlusion, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed no necrosis or fibrosis, and no argument for myocarditis. The patient remained asymptomatic during her hospital stay, and the aforementioned anomalies spontaneously regressed after an in-hospital 2-week surveillance. In the presence of these transient anomalies and after ruling out myocardial infarction and myocarditis, post-procedural stress cardiomyopathy (takotsubo) was diagnosed.

Discussion
Post-TAVR stress-related cardiomyopathy seems to be an extremely rare entity. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a takotsubo cardiomyopathy after ViV TAVR. Though the association between the two seems likely to be causal, no clear physiopathological explanation can be formulated.
Delayed presentation of acute coronary syndrome with mechanical complication during COVID-19 pandemic: a case report
Authors: Tan Joo Hor , Tong Jieli , Ho Hee Hwa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
The World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a global pandemic on 11 March 2020. We report a patient with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who presented late due to fears of contracting COVID-19.

Case summary
A 65-year-old man with a history of hypertension presented late to the emergency department (ED) with AMI. He gave a 2-month history of exertional angina but avoided seeking medical consult due to fears of contracting COVID-19. On the day of admission, he had 4 h of severe chest pain before presenting to the ED. He was hypotensive and tachycardic on arrival. Electrocardiogram showed inferolateral ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Chest radiograph revealed widened superior mediastinum and bedside echocardiogram revealed inferoseptal and inferolateral hypokinesia with features of cardiac tamponade. An urgent computed tomography aortogram showed possible left ventricular (LV) wall perforation with resulting haemopericardium and cardiac tamponade. Subsequent coronary angiogram showed 100% occlusion of mid left circumflex artery and a contained LV wall rupture was confirmed with LV ventriculogram. He was transferred to a tertiary centre and underwent successful emergency surgical repair.

Discussion
Our index case demonstrates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health seeking behaviour due to fears of contracting COVID-19 and the ensuing impact of delayed medical intervention. Cardiologists worldwide are seeing an alarming rate of rare complications of AMI in patients who present late. Physicians need to be aware of this phenomenon and have an active role to play in public education.
Characterization of version in the dysplastic hip and the need for subsequent femoral derotational osteotomy after periacetabular osteotomy
Authors: Spiker Andrea M , Fields Kara G , Nguyen Joseph T , Wong Alexandra C , Sink Ernest L 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Hip dysplasia is a three-dimensional pathomechanical condition that is often more complex than the standard method of measuring lateral center edge angle (CEA) can quantify. Yet there is a paucity of literature examining the differences in version seen between dysplastic and non-dysplastic femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) hips, the relationship of acetabular and femoral version (FV) within dysplastic hips and the contribution of each of these factors to symptoms and outcomes of dysplasia treatment. We sought to describe the acetabular version (AcetV) and FV in dysplastic hips and quantify how these measurements compared with non-dysplastic FAI hips. We also sought to analyze the association of these factors with patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) and determine the need for subsequent femoral derotational osteotomy after PAO. A total of 113 dysplastic patients who underwent PAO (92% female, mean age 24) were compared with 1332 (45% female, mean age 25) non-dysplastic FAI (CEA &gt; 25°) patients. We found that dysplastic hips had a statistically higher AcetV and FV than non-dysplastic FAI hips. There was a very weak correlation between AcetV and FV in dysplastic hips, suggesting that patients with higher AcetV did not necessarily have higher FV. There was no association with AcetV or FV and patient outcomes in our very limited analysis of PROs after PAO, and only 5% of patients with excessive FV (&gt;20°) required subsequent femoral derotational osteotomy, suggesting that in a majority of patients with hip dysplasia, FV may not impact the post-operative clinical course.
Proplyds in the flame nebula NGC 2024
Authors: Haworth Thomas J , Kim Jinyoung S , Winter Andrew J , Hines Dean C , Clarke Cathie J , Sellek Andrew D , Ballabio Giulia , Stapelfeldt Karl R 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
A recent survey of the inner 0.35 × 0.35 pc of the NGC 2024 star-forming region revealed two distinct millimetre continuum disc populations that appear to be spatially segregated by the boundary of a dense cloud. The eastern (and more embedded) population is ∼0.2–0.5 Myr old, with an ALMA mm continuum disc detection rate of about $45\,$ per cent. However, this drops to only $\sim 15\,$ per cent in the 1-Myr western population. When these distinct populations were presented, it was suggested that the two main UV sources, IRS 1 (a B0.5V star in the western region) and IRS 2b (an O8V star in the eastern region, but embedded) have both been evaporating the discs in the depleted western population. In this paper, we report the firm discovery in archival HST data of four proplyds and four further candidate proplyds in NGC 2024, confirming that external photoevaporation of discs is occurring. However, the locations of these proplyds changes the picture. Only three of them are in the depleted western population and their evaporation is dominated by IRS 1, with no obvious impact from IRS 2b. The other five proplyds are in the younger eastern region and being evaporated by IRS 2b. We propose that both populations are subject to significant external photoevaporation, which happens throughout the region wherever discs are not sufficiently shielded by the interstellar medium. The external photoevaporation and severe depletion of mm grains in the 0.2–0.5 Myr eastern part of NGC 2024 would be in competition even with very early planet formation.
Prognostic relevance of clinical and molecular risk factors in children with high-risk medulloblastoma treated in the phase II trial PNET HR+5
Authors: Dufour Christelle , Foulon Stephanie , Geoffray Anne , Masliah-Planchon Julien , Figarella-Branger Dominique , Bernier-Chastagner Valerie , Padovani Laetitia , Guerrini-Rousseau Léa , Faure-Conter Cecile , Icher Celine , Bertozzi Anne-Isabelle , Leblond Pierre , Akbaraly Tasnime , Bourdeaut Franck , André Nicolas , Chappé Celine , Schneider Pascale , De Carli Emilie , Chastagner Pascal , Berger Claire , Lejeune Julien , Soler Christine , Entz-Werlé Natacha , Delisle Marie-Bernadette 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
High-risk medulloblastoma is defined by the presence of metastatic disease and/or incomplete resection and/or unfavorable histopathology and/or tumors with MYC amplification. We aimed to assess the 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and define the molecular characteristics associated with PFS in patients aged 5–19 years with newly diagnosed high-risk medulloblastoma treated according to the phase II trial PNET HR+5.

Methods
All children received postoperative induction chemotherapy (etoposide and carboplatin), followed by 2 high-dose thiotepa courses (600 mg/m2) with hematological stem cell support. At the latest 45 days after the last stem cell rescue, patients received risk-adapted craniospinal radiation therapy. Maintenance treatment with temozolomide was planned to start between 1–3 months after the end of radiotherapy. The primary endpoint was PFS. Outcome and safety analyses were per protocol (all patients who received at least one dose of induction chemotherapy).

Results
Fifty-one patients (median age, 8 y; range, 5–19) were enrolled. The median follow-up was 7.1 years (range: 3.4–9.0). The 3 and 5-year PFS with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were 78% (65–88) and 76% (63–86), and the 3 and 5-year OS were 84% (72–92) and 76% (63–86), respectively. Medulloblastoma subtype was a statistically significant prognostic factor (P-value = 0.039) with large-cell/anaplastic being of worse prognosis, as well as a molecular subgroup (P-value = 0.012) with sonic hedgehog (SHH) and group 3 being of worse prognosis than wingless (WNT) and group 4. Therapy was well tolerated.

Conclusions
This treatment based on high-dose chemotherapy and conventional radiotherapy resulted in a high survival rate in children with newly diagnosed high-risk medulloblastoma.