bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary supplementation with PUFAs rescues the eggshell defects caused byseipinmutations inC. elegans
Authors: Bai Xiaofei , Huang Leng-Jie , Chen Sheng-Wen , Nebenfuehr Ben , Wysolmerski Brian , Wu Jui-Ching , Olson Sara K. , Golden Andy , Wang Chao-Wen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSEIPIN, an ER membrane protein, plays critical roles in lipid droplet (LD) formation and lipid storage. Dysfunction of SEIPIN causes a variety of human diseases, including lipodystrophy, neuropathies, and male and female infertility. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of SEIPIN in causing these diseases are poorly understood. To address such mechanisms, we investigated the functional roles ofR01B10.6 (seip-1), the soleSEIPIN1ortholog inC. elegans,using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, and transcriptional assays. SEIP-1::mScarlet is widely expressed throughout development inC. elegans. Three full gene deletion mutants, generated by CRISPR/Cas9, displayed penetrant embryonic lethality. EM imaging and the visualization of reporter genes revealed that the lipid-rich permeability barrier, the innermost layer of theC. elegansembryonic eggshell, was defective or missing. Intriguingly, depletion of SEIP-1 revealed a perturbed gene expression pattern for fatty acid biosynthesis enzymes, in agreement with the disrupted permeability barrier formation phenotype of the embryos. Lastly, dietary supplementation of PUFAs rescued the embryonic lethality and defective permeability barrier in the deletion mutants. In sum, our study suggests that SEIP-1 may maternally regulate LD biogenesis and maintain lipid homeostasis to orchestrate the formation of the lipid-rich permeability barrier, which is crucial for eggshell formation and embryogenesis.
Proteogenomic single cell analysis of skeletal muscle myocytes
Authors: Fomchenko Katherine M. , Verma Rohan X. , Kannan Suraj , Lin Brian L. , Yang Xiaoping , Nieuwenhuis Tim O. , Patil Arun H. , Fox-Talbot Karen , McCall Matthew N. , Kwon Chulan , Kass David A. , Rosenberg Avi Z. , Halushka Marc K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSkeletal muscle myocytes have evolved into slow and fast-twitch types. These types are functionally distinct as a result of differential gene and protein expression. However, an understanding of the complexity of gene and protein variation between myofibers is unknown. We performed deep, whole cell, single cell RNA-seq on intact and fragments of skeletal myocytes from the mouse flexor digitorum brevis muscle. We compared the genomic expression data of 171 of these cells with two human proteomic datasets. The first was a spatial proteomics survey of mosaic patterns of protein expression utilizing the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and the HPASubC tool. The second was a mass-spectrometry (MS) derived proteomic dataset of single human muscle fibers. Immunohistochemistry and RNA-ISH were used to understand variable expression. scRNA-seq identified three distinct clusters of myocytes (a slow/fast 2A cluster and two fast 2X clusters). Utilizing 1,605 mosaic patterned proteins from visual proteomics, and 596 differentially expressed proteins by MS methods, we explore this fast 2X division. Only 36 genes/proteins had variable expression across all three studies, of which nine are newly described as variable between fast/slow twitch myofibers. An additional 414 genes/proteins were identified as variable by two methods. Immunohistochemistry and RNA-ISH generally validated variable expression across methods presumably due to species-related differences. In this first integrated proteogenomic analysis of mature skeletal muscle myocytes we confirm the main fiber types and greatly expand the known repertoire of twitch-type specific genes/proteins. We also demonstrate the importance of integrating genomic and proteomic datasets.
Low-N protein engineering with data-efficient deep learning
Authors: Biswas Surojit , Khimulya Grigory , Alley Ethan C. , Esvelt Kevin M. , Church George M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProtein engineering has enormous academic and industrial potential. However, it is limited by the lack of experimental assays that are consistent with the design goal and sufficiently high-throughput to find rare, enhanced variants. Here we introduce a machine learning-guided paradigm that can use as few as 24 functionally assayed mutant sequences to build an accurate virtual fitness landscape and screen ten million sequences viain silicodirected evolution. As demonstrated in two highly dissimilar proteins, avGFP and TEM-1 β-lactamase, top candidates from a single round are diverse and as active as engineered mutants obtained from previous multi-year, high-throughput efforts. Because it distills information from both global and local sequence landscapes, our model approximates protein function even before receiving experimental data, and generalizes from only single mutations to propose high-functioning epistatically non-trivial designs. With reproducible >500% improvements in activity from a single assay in a 96-well plate, we demonstrate the strongest generalization observed in machine-learning guided protein function optimization to date. Taken together, our approach enables efficient use of resource intensive high-fidelity assays without sacrificing throughput, and helps to accelerate engineered proteins into the fermenter, field, and clinic.
The 2019-new coronavirus epidemic: evidence for virus evolution
Authors: Benvenuto Domenico , Giovannetti Marta , Ciccozzi Alessandra , Spoto Silvia , Angeletti Silvia , Ciccozzi Massimo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere is concern about a new coronavirus, the 2019-nCoV, as a global public health threat. In this article, we provide a preliminary evolutionary and molecular epidemiological analysis of this new virus. A phylogenetic tree has been built using the 15 available whole genome sequence of 2019-nCoV and 12 whole genome sequences highly similar sequences available in gene bank (5 from SARS, 2 from MERS and 5 from Bat SARS-like Coronavirus). FUBAR analysis shows that the Nucleocapsid and the Spike Glycoprotein has some sites under positive pressure while homology modelling helped to explain some molecular and structural differences between the viruses. The phylogenetic tree showed that 2019.nCoV significantly clustered with Bat SARS-like Coronavirus sequence isolated in 2015, whereas structural analysis revealed mutation in S and nucleocapsid proteins. From these results, 2019nCoV could be considered a coronavirus distinct from SARS virus, probably transmitted from bats or another host where mutations conferred upon it the ability to infect humans.
Variation in maize chlorophyll biosynthesis alters plant architecture
Authors: Khangura Rajdeep S. , Johal Gurmukh S. , Dilkes Brian P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractChlorophyll is a tetrapyrrole metabolite essential for photosynthesis in plants. Theoil yellow1(oy1) gene of maize encodes subunit I of Magnesium chelatase, the enzyme catalyzing the first committed step of chlorophyll biosynthesis. A range of chlorophyll contents and net CO2assimilation rates can be achieved in maize by combining a semi-dominant mutant allele,Oy1-N1989,and cis-regulatory alleles encoded by the Mo17 inbred calledvery oil yellow1(vey1). We previously demonstrated that these allelic interactions can delay reproductive maturity. In this study, we demonstrate that multiple gross morphological traits respond to a reduction in chlorophyll. We found that stalk width, number of lateral branches (tillers), and branching of the inflorescence decline with a decrease in chlorophyll level. Chlorophyll variation suppressed tillering in multiple maize mutants includingteosinte branched1,grassy tiller1, andTillering1as well as thetiller number1QTL responsible for tillering in many sweet corn varieties. In contrast to these traits, plant height showed a non-linear response to chlorophyll levels. Weak suppression ofOy1-N1989byvey1B73resulted in a significant increase in mutant plant height. This was true in multiple mapping populations, isogenic inbreds, and hybrid backgrounds. Enhancement of theOy1-N1989mutants by thevey1Mo17allele reduced chlorophyll contents and plant height in mapping populations and isogenic inbred background. We demonstrate that the effects of reduced chlorophyll content on plant growth and development are complex and that the genetic relationship depends on the trait. We propose that growth control for branching and architecture are downstream of energy balance sensing.
Digitalizing supply chains potential benefits and impact on lean operations
Authors: Haddud Abubaker , Khare Anshuman 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
New technological trends continue to emerge, and businesses adopt them in different capacity in a pursuit of improving current ways of doing things and to gain competitive advantages over rivals. One of the key business functions that is impacted by the implementation of different disruptive technologies is the supply chain management. As a result, there is a continuous need to identify where digitalizing supply chains may provide businesses with benefits to capitalize such gains. This study aims to examine potential impacts of digitalizing supply chains on five selected lean operations practices through the identification of key areas and benefits under each of these practices.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from 74 participants mainly from the academic community and who were university scholars through the use of an online survey. The used online survey consists of six main parts in total, but three were included in this paper and these were designed to gather data about participants’ general information, level of influence of seven technological trends on supply chain performance and management and potential impact of digitalizing supply chains on five lean operations practices.

Findings
The authors were able to confirm the significant impact of digitalizing supply chains on the five examined lean operations practices. Most of the examined potential impacts were found to improve certain areas that directly improve the practices of the explored five lean operations practices as well as the overall supply chain and business performance. They were also able to determine the level of influence of the seven examined enabling technologies on supply chain performance and management.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first of its kind. Although some literature explored different aspects related to the concept of Industry 4.0 and digitalizing supply chains, no study has specifically explored potential impacts of digitalizing supply chains on lean operations. The results from this study can be beneficial to academic scholars interested in the researched themes, business professionals specializing in supply chain management and lean operations, organizations within different industrial sectors particularly manufacturing where lean thinking is adopted and any other party interested in understanding more about the impact of digitalizing supply chain on lean operations and on an overall business performance.
Investigation and optimization of textured thrust bearings with spirally distributed dimples using multi-objective optimization method
Authors: Li Qiang , Wang Yujun , Zhang Shuo , Xu Wei-Wei , Bai Lu , Wang Zhenbo 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
Surface textures have been widely used in thrust bearings as a means of enhancing the tribological performance. The effect of textures with a spiral distribution on the lubrication characteristics of thrust bearings has not been fully covered. This paper aims to investigate and find the optimal structure and distribution parameters of textures with the maximum loading capacity and minimum friction force as goals.

Design/methodology/approach
Combining the multi-objective optimization method based on the non-dominated sorted genetic algorithm-II with response surface methodology, the key textured parameters are optimized. Local sensitivity analysis is used to evaluate the impact level of each parameter.

Findings
Spiral distribution of textures can effectively improve the lubrication performance of the thrust bearing compared with the linear distribution. The distribution with high amplitudes and high cycle numbers will weaken the spiral effect and destroy the high-pressure region. Through the multi-objective optimization of the textured structure and distribution parameters, the loading capacity demonstrates a 55.05per cent improvement compared to the basic model. Textured width is the most sensitive parameter for both loading capacity and friction force.

Originality/value
Present research provides a fundamental design guide for textured thrust bearings.
Workplace spirituality and employee loyalty: an empirical investigation among millennials in India
Authors: Aboobaker Nimitha , Edward Manoj , K.A. Zakkariya 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper examines the relationship between dimensions of workplace spirituality (meaningful work, sense of community and alignment with organizational values) and employee loyalty (intention to stay, benefit insensitivity toward alternate employers and word of mouth about the organization), in the context of millennials who are three times more likely to change jobs, than other generations.Design/methodology/approachThis descriptive study was conducted among a sample of 308 employees, working in private sector organizations in India. Self-reporting questionnaires were administered among the respondents, who were selected through a purposive sampling method and structural equation modeling was done to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe three dimensions of workplace spirituality had varying influences on the outcomes variables. Alignment with organizational values was positively related to all dimensions of employee loyalty, whereas the sense of community had a positive association with intention to stay and benefit insensitivity while meaningful work indicated positive influence only on benefit insensitivity. The findings, in general, suggest that employees’ experience of workplace spirituality has significant positive influence on their loyalty toward the organization.Originality/valueThis study is pioneering in conceptualizing and testing a theoretical model linking workplace spirituality and employee loyalty, particularly in the context of millennials, who form 50 per cent of the workforce and reportedly exhibit higher turnover intentions. The study gains relevance in the context of reports about monetary/non-monetary preferences among millennial employees and that the generation is not too keen in working with teams, but would rather prefer working in an organization, which provides space for self-actualization in individual growth. Implications for their experience of workplace spirituality and outcomes are elaborated, thus striving to fill a gap in the existing literature.
Entrepreneurship education in China
Authors: Liu Tiantian , Walley Keith , Pugh Geoff , Adkins Paul 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to generate insight into the effects of entrepreneurship education in China by conducting a preliminary scoping study of the enterprising tendency of university students studying business.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a self-administered questionnaire based on the General Measure of Enterprising Tendency v2 (GET2) test to measure the enterprising tendency of a group of Chinese university students. Decision trees, using the Chi-square automatic interaction detector (CHAID) approach, and multiple regression analyses were used to investigate the enterprising tendency of respondents.FindingsThe findings from this study indicate that the students have an overall medium level of enterprising tendency and strengths in some enterprising characteristics. The findings reveal that gender, family business, hometown and entrepreneurship education are significantly related to enterprising tendency but that age, household income, parents’ education and occupation are not.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the study is based on a relatively small sample taken from just one university in Beijing, the findings suggest that the enterprising tendency of students can be encouraged by entrepreneurship education. Combined with evidence that entrepreneurship education is at a relatively early stage of development in China, this finding suggests considerable scope to increase student’s enterprising tendency by extending, creating a more favourable environment for and improving the methods used to deliver entrepreneurship education. Enterprising tendency can be argued to naturally result in entrepreneurial intention; however, this extension is beyond the scope of this study, which is restricted to the analysis of enterprising tendency.Originality/valueThis study makes an original contribution to knowledge as it is one of the first studies to explore enterprising tendency among university students in China. It has value for government, policymakers and university program designers in that it provides direction for entrepreneurship education in China.
Too little too late: can we control browser fingerprinting?
Authors: Al-Fannah Nasser Mohammed , Mitchell Chris 
Published: January 2020

PurposeBrowser fingerprinting is increasingly being used for online tracking of users, and, unlike the use of cookies, is almost impossible for users to control. This has a major negative impact on online privacy. Despite the availability of a range of fingerprinting countermeasures as well as some limited attempts by browser vendors to curb its effectiveness, it remains largely uncontrolled. The paper aims to discuss this issue.Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides the first comprehensive and structured discussion of measures to limit or control browser fingerprinting, covering both user-based and browser-based techniques.FindingsThis study discusses the limitations of counter browser fingerprinting measures and the need for browser vendor support in controlling fingerprinting. Further, a somewhat counterintuitive possible new browser identifier is proposed which could make cookies and fingerprint-based tracking redundant; the need for, and possible effect of, this feature is discussed.Originality/valueThis study provides the first comprehensive and structured discussion of measures to limit or control browser fingerprinting. Also, it proposes a new browser identifier that could make cookies and fingerprint-based tracking redundant.
Highly automated interviews: applicant reactions and the organizational context
Authors: Langer Markus , König Cornelius J. , Sanchez Diana Ruth-Pelipez , Samadi Sören 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
The technological evolution of job interviews continues as highly automated interviews emerge as alternative approaches. Initial evidence shows that applicants react negatively to such interviews. Additionally, there is emerging evidence that contextual influences matter when investigating applicant reactions to highly automated interviews. However, previous research has ignored higher-level organizational contexts (i.e. which kind of organization uses the selection procedure) and individual differences (e.g. work experience) regarding applicant reactions. The purpose of this paper is to investigate applicant reactions to highly automated interviews for students and employees and the role of the organizational context when using such interviews.

Design/methodology/approach
In a 2 × 2 online study, participants read organizational descriptions of either an innovative or an established organization and watched a video displaying a highly automated or a videoconference interview. Afterwards, participants responded to applicant reaction items.

Findings
Participants (n=148) perceived highly automated interviews as more consistent but as conveying less social presence. The negative effect on social presence diminished organizational attractiveness. The organizational context did not affect applicant reactions to the interview approaches, whereas differences between students and employees emerged but only affected privacy concerns to the interview approaches.

Research limitations/implications
The organizational context seems to have negligible effects on applicant reactions to technology-enhanced interviews. There were only small differences between students and employees regarding applicant reactions.

Practical implications
In a tense labor market, hiring managers need to be aware of a trade-off between efficiency and applicant reactions regarding technology-enhanced interviews.

Originality/value
This study investigates high-level contextual influences and individual differences regarding applicant reactions to highly automated interviews.
New frontiers in cognitive ability testing: working memory
Authors: Martin Nicholas , Capman John , Boyce Anthony , Morgan Kyle , Gonzalez Manuel Francisco , Adler Seymour 
Published: January 2020

PurposeCognitive ability tests demonstrate strong relationships with job performance, but have several limitations; notably, subgroup differences based on race/ethnicity. As an alternative, the purpose of this paper is to develop a working memory assessment for personnel selection contexts.Design/methodology/approachThe authors describe the development of Global Adaptive Memory Evaluation (G.A.M.E.) – a working memory assessment – along with three studies focused on refining and validating G.A.M.E., including examining test-taker reactions, reliability, subgroup differences, construct and criterion-related validity, and measurement equivalence across computer and mobile devices.FindingsEvidence suggests that G.A.M.E. is a reliable and valid tool for employee selection. G.A.M.E. exhibited convergent validity with other cognitive assessments, predicted job performance, yielded smaller subgroup differences than traditional cognitive ability tests, was engaging for test-takers, and upheld equivalent measurement across computers and mobile devices.Research limitations/implicationsAdditional research is needed on the use of working memory assessments as an alternative to traditional cognitive ability testing, including its advantages and disadvantages, relative to other constructs and methods.Practical implicationsThe findings illustrate working memory’s potential as an alternative to traditional cognitive ability assessments and highlight the need for cognitive ability tests that rely on modern theories of intelligence and leverage burgeoning mobile technology.Originality/valueThis paper highlights an alternative to traditional cognitive ability tests, namely, working memory assessments, and demonstrates how to design reliable, valid, engaging and mobile-compatible versions.