bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Middle and Later Stone Age Symbolism
Authors: Bushozi Pastory Magayane 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The archaeological remains found in the Mumba rock-shelter in northern Tanzania – where continuous deposits span from the Middle Stone Age (MSA) to the historical period – provide a unique opportunity to study trends in technology and behavioural change of early humans. Developments in symbolic thought may be evident in the production and use of ochre pigments, beads and rock art. At this site, beads and other symbolic artefacts are represented in varying quantities through the late MSA, the Later Stone Age (LSA), Neolithic, and post Stone Age cultures. Such beaded ornaments were made from various raw materials including ostrich eggshells, stone pebbles, and arthropod shells. Ancient beading technologies, discovered at Mumba and other MSA sites across the East African region, contribute to clarifying the origin and development of representational cognition in the distant past. These artefacts also reveal components of personal identity and creative expression, whose recorded remains are patchy and infrequently discussed in Sub-Saharan Africa. From a Darwinian perspective, these archaeological finds demonstrate the empirical issue of environmentally selected human responses to local stimuli. They are remnants of the synergistic adaptation that led more generally to the broader technological innovations and behavioural changes occurring through the late Middle Stone Age and later flourishing universally during the Late Stone Age culture.
Artistic Expression through (Re)Creation: Children’s Play Songs in Ghana
Authors: Yitah Helen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper examines rural Ghanaian children’s creative performance of play songs in the context of recent scholarship on children’s rights in children’s literature. This scholarship, which has focused mainly on written literature in western contexts, seeks to give serious literary attention to children’s creative expression and thereby uphold their rights to contribute to the artistic life and culture of their societies. Kasena children of northern Ghana exhibit creative agency in adapting traditional play songs to new situations, as they re-create and reinterpret communal idioms, imagery and symbols, thus generating new forms, new concepts and new meanings. I illustrate the aesthetic qualities and transgressive features of this phenomenon by drawing on relevant indigenous Kasem concepts about art and creative resistance. If taken seriously, this dynamic heritage of children’s poetry can help us see emerging play genres as an affirmation of children’s creativity, and prompt a redefinition of ideas about childhood.
Lightning Variability in Dynamically Downscaled Simulations of Alaska’s Present and Future Summer Climate
Authors: Bieniek Peter A. , Bhatt Uma S. , York Alison , Walsh John E. , Lader Rick , Strader Heidi , Ziel Robert , Jandt Randi R. , Thoman Richard L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLightning is a key driver of wildfire activity in Alaska. Quantifying its historical variability and trends has been challenging because of changes in the observational network, but understanding historical and possible future changes in lightning activity is important for fire management planning. Dynamically downscaled reanalysis and global climate model (GCM) data were used to statistically assess lightning data in geographic zones used operationally by fire managers across Alaska. Convective precipitation was found to be a key predictor of weekly lightning activity through multiple regression analysis, along with additional atmospheric stability, moisture, and temperature predictor variables. Model-derived estimates of historical June–July lightning since 1979 showed increasing but lower-magnitude trends than the observed record, derived from the highly heterogeneous lightning sensor network, over the same period throughout interior Alaska. Two downscaled GCM projections estimate a doubling of lightning activity over the same June–July season and geographic region by the end of the twenty-first century. Such a substantial increase in lightning activity may have significant impacts on future wildfire activity in Alaska because of increased opportunities for ignitions, although the final outcome also depends on fire weather conditions and fuels.
Navigating COVID-19 with emotional intelligence
Authors: Baba Mubashir Majid 
Published: June 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. COVID-19 has affected educational systems worldwide, leading to the widespread closure of schools, colleges and universities. The COVID-19 pandemic is also having a dramatic impact on societies and economies around the world. With various measures of lockdowns and social distancing in place, it becomes important to understand emotional intelligence of faculty members working in institutions of higher learning on a large scale in this pandemic. Aim: The purpose of this article is to examine the perception of faculty members toward their emotional intelligence during COVID-19 and to study the impact of demographic variables on their emotional intelligence. Method: The data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The data for the study were collected through both the primary and secondary sources. Online questionnaires were used to gather the primary data. The measuring items used for the study were sourced from existing validated scales and literature. Descriptive statistics was employed to know the descriptive information across various demographic variables on a total sample of 683. The various demographic variables, which were considered for the study, were gender and designation. Results: The results revealed that the faculty members perceived their emotional intelligence at an above-average level in the present pandemic, that is, COVID-19. The results also revealed that the perception of the respondent faculty members toward their emotional intelligence from different universities and states is more or less the same and also the demographic variable gender has a significant impact on emotional intelligence during the present pandemic. Conclusion: Besides having theoretical implications that open pathways for conducting further research, the findings of the study may serve as a reference for service practitioners in designing strategies that will ensure superior performance of faculty members in higher educational institutions during the pandemic.
Access to drinking water in sub-Saharan Africa: does the developmental state doctrine matter?
Authors: Debela Bacha Kebede , Bouckaert Geert , Troupin Steve 
Published: June 2020

Using data from 14 sub-Saharan African countries, this study investigates the relevance of the developmental state doctrine to enhancing access to improved drinking water sources and to reducing urban–rural inequalities in access to improved sources and piped-on premises. Although access to improved water sources and urban–rural inequality seems better in developmental states than in non-developmental states, we have not found sufficient support for the claim that the developmental state approach is the best alternative. The influence of corruption is, unexpectedly, higher in developmental states than in non-developmental states. Moreover, both developmental states and non-developmental states were not significantly investing in access to drinking water supply programs. We find that the total population growth rate is the strongest predictor, rather than regime type. Other factors that explain the variation between all samples of developmental states and non-developmental states are identified and discussed, and implications are outlined. Points for practitioners There is significant variation in access to improved drinking water sources and urban–rural inequalities in access to improved sources and piped-on premises between developmental states and non-developmental states. The relevance of the developmental state doctrine to improving access to drinking water, reducing socio-economic inequalities in access to drinking water, and realizing Sustainable Development Goal targets in sub-Saharan Africa is ambiguous. We advise strengthening a functional Weberian bureaucracy and promoting political decentralization.
The parental experiences of caring for children with childhood cancers in Singapore: a pilot focus group study
Authors: Tan Beron Wei Zhong , Clarke Alexis , Teo Lois Ling’en , Tong Jasper Weng Kong , Chan Mei-Yoke 
Published: June 2020

Background: Research on the parental experiences of caring for children diagnosed with cancer in Singapore are limited and not well understood. Objectives: We conducted a pilot focus group to understand the experiences of Singaporean parents whose child had survived cancer. Methods: Using convenience sampling, five parents were invited to participate in a focus group discussion regarding the psychosocial needs at the time of cancer diagnosis and into survivorship. The discussion was transcribed verbatim and analysed using Braun and Clarke’s 6-step approach to thematic analysis. Results: The analysis revealed three major themes of intrapersonal impact, interpersonal connectedness and financial implications. Conclusions: The identified themes indicated some universal and unique caregiving experiences among Singaporean parents and those reported in western and other Asian cultures. In particular, the findings provided an update on the parental experiences of caring for children with cancer in Singapore and highlighted the need for ongoing research and the development of early and holistic psychosocial support services for these parents.
Moderate endurance and muscle training is beneficial and safe in patients with quiescent or mildly active Crohn’s disease
Authors: Seeger Wolfgang Alexander , Thieringer Juliane , Esters Philip , Allmendinger Benjamin , Stein Jürgen , Schulze Hermann , Dignass Axel 
Published: June 2020

Background and aimsPhysical activity is beneficial in several chronic disorders including Crohn′s disease, but the preferred type of exercise is unknown. Our study aimed to examine and compare the safety, feasibility and potential beneficial effects of individual moderate endurance and moderate muscle training in patients with Crohn’s disease.MethodsQuiescent or mildly active (Crohn’s disease activity index <220) patients with Crohn’s disease were randomly allocated to either a control, endurance, or muscle training group. Participants exercised individually for 3 months three times per week. Endpoints included dropout rate, disease activity, inflammatory parameters including faecal calprotectin, anthropometric data, quality of life, physical activity and strength.ResultsA total of 45 patients with Crohn’s disease were randomly allocated. In the endurance group (n  = 17), the dropout rate was significantly higher (47% vs. 13%) compared with the muscle group (n  = 15). In both groups the maximal and average strength in the upper and lower extremities increased significantly (all P  < 0.04). In the endurance group emotional function was significantly improved (P  = 0.03). Statistically significant changes of disease activity and other outcome parameters were not observed in this pilot cohort.ConclusionBoth individual moderate endurance and muscle training can be safely performed in patients with mild or quiescent Crohn’s disease. Muscle training appears more feasible and may be favoured. Both forms of exercise have beneficial effects on strength. Quality of life increased in both intervention groups, although statistical significance was only reached in one subgroup.
How I treat unexplained arterial thrombosis
Authors: May Jori E. , Moll Stephan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMost arterial thrombotic events have a clear atherosclerotic or cardioembolic etiology, but hematologists are frequently asked to assist in the diagnosis and management of a patient with a nonatherosclerotic and noncardioembolic arterial event, referred to here as an unexplained arterial thrombosis. Because there is an assorted list of factors that can precipitate an arterial event, we present a systematic diagnostic approach to ensure consideration of not only primary hypercoagulable disorders, but also pro-thrombotic medications or substances, vascular and anatomic abnormalities, and undiagnosed systemic disorders, such as malignancy and autoimmune diseases. We also review existing literature of the role of hypercoagulable disorders in arterial thrombosis and discuss our approach to thrombophilia workup in patients after an unexplained arterial event. We conclude with 3 representative cases to both illustrate the application of the outlined diagnostic schema and discuss common management considerations, specifically the selection of anticoagulation vs antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention.
Genomic and epigenomic insights into the origin, pathogenesis, and clinical behavior of mantle cell lymphoma subtypes
Authors: Nadeu Ferran , Martin-Garcia David , Clot Guillem , Díaz-Navarro Ander , Duran-Ferrer Martí , Navarro Alba , Vilarrasa-Blasi Roser , Kulis Marta , Royo Romina , Gutiérrez-Abril Jesús , Valdés-Mas Rafael , López Cristina , Chapaprieta Vicente , Puiggros Montserrat , Castellano Giancarlo , Costa Dolors , Aymerich Marta , Jares Pedro , Espinet Blanca , Muntañola Ana , Ribera-Cortada Inmaculada , Siebert Reiner , Colomer Dolors , Torrents David , Gine Eva , López-Guillermo Armando , Küppers Ralf , Martin-Subero Jose I. , Puente Xose S. , Beà Sílvia , Campo Elias 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a mature B-cell neoplasm initially driven by CCND1 rearrangement with 2 molecular subtypes, conventional MCL (cMCL) and leukemic non-nodal MCL (nnMCL), that differ in their clinicobiological behavior. To identify the genetic and epigenetic alterations determining this diversity, we used whole-genome (n = 61) and exome (n = 21) sequencing (74% cMCL, 26% nnMCL) combined with transcriptome and DNA methylation profiles in the context of 5 MCL reference epigenomes. We identified that open and active chromatin at the major translocation cluster locus might facilitate the t(11;14)(q13;32), which modifies the 3-dimensional structure of the involved regions. This translocation is mainly acquired in precursor B cells mediated by recombination-activating genes in both MCL subtypes, whereas in 8% of cases the translocation occurs in mature B cells mediated by activation-induced cytidine deaminase. We identified novel recurrent MCL drivers, including CDKN1B, SAMHD1, BCOR, SYNE1, HNRNPH1, SMARCB1, and DAZAP1. Complex structural alterations emerge as a relevant early oncogenic mechanism in MCL, targeting key driver genes. Breakage-fusion-bridge cycles and translocations activated oncogenes (BMI1, MIR17HG, TERT, MYC, and MYCN), generating gene amplifications and remodeling regulatory regions. cMCL carried significant higher numbers of structural variants, copy number alterations, and driver changes than nnMCL, with exclusive alterations of ATM in cMCL, whereas TP53 and TERT alterations were slightly enriched in nnMCL. Several drivers had prognostic impact, but only TP53 and MYC aberrations added value independently of genomic complexity. An increasing genomic complexity, together with the presence of breakage-fusion-bridge cycles and high DNA methylation changes related to the proliferative cell history, defines patients with different clinical evolution.
Maternal hepcidin determines embryo iron homeostasis in mice
Authors: Sangkhae Veena , Fisher Allison L. , Chua Kristine J. , Ruchala Piotr , Ganz Tomas , Nemeth Elizabeta 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Iron disorders are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, yet iron homeostatic mechanisms during pregnancy are poorly understood. In humans and rodents, the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin is profoundly decreased in pregnant mothers, which is thought to ensure adequate iron availability for transfer across placenta. However, the fetal liver also produces hepcidin, which may regulate fetal iron endowment by controlling placental iron export. To determine the relative contribution of maternal vs embryo hepcidin to the control of embryo iron endowment in iron-sufficient or iron-overloaded mice, we generated combinations of mothers and embryos that had or lacked hepcidin. We found that maternal, but not embryonic, hepcidin determined embryo and placental iron endowment in a healthy pregnancy. We further determined that inflammation can counteract pregnancy-dependent suppression of maternal hepcidin. To establish how essential maternal hepcidin suppression is for embryo iron homeostasis, we mimicked the range of maternal hepcidin activity by administering a hepcidin peptide mimetic to pregnant mice. This also allowed us to determine the effect of isolated maternal hepcidin excess on pregnancy, in the absence of other confounding effects of inflammation. Higher doses of hepcidin agonist caused maternal iron restriction and anemia, lower placenta and embryo weight, embryo anemia, and increased embryo mortality. Low agonist doses did not cause maternal anemia but still adversely affected the embryo, causing anemia, tissue iron deficiency (including in the brain), and decreased weight. Our studies demonstrate that suppression of maternal hepcidin during pregnancy is essential for maternal and embryo iron homeostasis and health.
Integrative expression network analysis of microRNA and gene isoforms in sacred lotus
Authors: Zhang Yue , Rahmani Razgar Seyed , Yang Xingyu , Chen Jinming , Shi Tao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Gene expression is complex and regulated by multiple molecular mechanisms, such as miRNA-mediated gene inhibition and alternative-splicing of pre-mRNAs. However, the coordination of interaction between miRNAs with different splicing isoforms, and the change of splicing isoform in response to different cellular environments are largely unexplored in plants. In this study, we analyzed the miRNA and mRNA transcriptome from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera), an economically important flowering plant.

Results
Through RNA-seq analyses on miRNAs and their target genes (isoforms) among six lotus tissues, expression of most miRNAs seem to be negatively correlated with their targets and tend to be tissue-specific. Further, our results showed that preferential interactions between miRNAs and hub gene isoforms in one coexpression module which is highly correlated with leaf. Intriguingly, for many genes, their corresponding isoforms were assigned to different co-expressed modules, and they exhibited more divergent mRNA structures including presence and absence of miRNA binding sites, suggesting functional divergence for many isoforms is escalated by both structural and expression divergence. Further detailed functional enrichment analysis of miRNA targets revealed that miRNAs are involved in the regulation of lotus growth and development by regulating plant hormone-related pathway genes.

Conclusions
Taken together, our comprehensive analyses of miRNA and mRNA transcriptome elucidate the coordination of interaction between miRNAs and different splicing isoforms, and highlight the functional divergence of many transcript isoforms from the same locus in lotus.
Bacterial diversity associated with the abdomens of naturally Plasmodium-infected and non-infected Nyssorhynchus darlingi
Authors: Oliveira Tatiane Marques Porangaba , Sanabani Sabri Saeed , Sallum Maria Anice Mureb 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The bacterial community present in the abdomen in Anophelinae mosquitoes can influence mosquito susceptibility to Plasmodium infection. Little is known about the bacteria associated with Nyssorhynchus darlingi, a primary malaria vector in the Amazon basin. We investigated the abdominal bacterial community compositions of naturally Plasmodium-infected (P-positive, n = 9) and non-infected (P-negative, n = 7) Ny. darlingi from the Brazilian Amazon region through massive parallel sequencing of the bacterial V4 variable region of the 16S rRNA gene.

Results
Bacterial richness of Ny. darlingi encompassed 379 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), the majority of them belonging to the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroides phyla. Escherichia/Shigella and Pseudomonas were more abundant in the P-positive and P-negative groups, respectively, than in the opposite groups. Enterobacter was found only in the P-negative group. The results of statistical analyses conducted to compare bacterial abundance and diversity between Plasmodium-infected and Plasmodium-non-infected mosquitoes were not significant.

Conclusions
This study increased knowledge about bacterial composition in Ny. darlingi and revealed that Plasmodium-positive and Plasmodium-negative groups share a common core of bacteria. The genera Prevotella 9, Sphingomonas, Bacteroides, and Bacillus were reported for the first time in Ny. darlingi.
Reliability and validity of the Greek translation of the patient assessment of chronic illness care + (PACIC-PLUS GR) survey
Authors: Malliarou Maria , Bakola Eleni , Nikolentzos Athanasios , Sarafis Pavlos 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care+ (PACIC+) which is a tool to assess care for Chronic Conditions combining PACIC items with an overall 5As score derived from the ‘5As’ model (ask, advise, agree, assist, and arrange), and is congruent with the Chronic Care Model. In addition, the study at hand aimed to translate the PACIC+ tool into Greek and test its psychometric properties to the Greek patients.MethodsQuestionnaires were collected from 268 chronic patients. Internal consistency and reliability were determined by the calculation of Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted in order to test the construct validity of the questionnaire. Validity was further examined by investigating the correlation of PACIC+ with SF-36 and its association with sex and age.ResultsInternal consistency reliability was accepted with a Cronbach’s alpha above 0.70 for all PACIC+ dimensions. CFA showed that the 10-dimensional model fitted the data well (RMSEA = 0.059, CFI = 0.91 and GFI = 0.83). Most of the correlations coefficients between PACIC+ and SF-36 dimensions were significant. A significant and negative correlation was found between PACIC+ summary score, Patients’ activation and Goal Setting/ Tailoring with age.ConclusionsThe Greek translation of the PACIC+ questionnaire has good psychometric properties and has proven to be a credible and valid tool to be used by Greek researchers in order to measure patients’ perceived care during treatment. It demonstrated high reliability and internal consistency, extending the applicability of this instrument to Greek speaking chronic patients.