bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strontium ranelate improves alveolar bone healing in estrogen‐deficient rats
Authors: Miranda Tamires Szeremeske , Napimoga Marcelo Henrique , De Franco Leonardo , Marins Letícia Macedo , Malta Fernando de Souza , Pontes Louise Antonialice , Morelli Fernando Mendes , Duarte Poliana Mendes 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluated the impact of strontium ranelate on tooth‐extraction wound healing in estrogen‐deficient and estrogen‐sufficient rats.MethodsNinety‐six Wistar rats (90 days of age) were allocated into one of the following groups: sham‐surgery+water (estrogen‐sufficient); ovariectomy+water (estrogen‐deficient), sham‐surgery+strontium ranelate (625 mg/kg/d) (strontium/estrogen‐sufficient); ovariectomy+strontium ranelate (625 mg/kg/d) (strontium/estrogen‐deficient). Water or strontium ranelate were administrated from the 14th day post‐ovariectomy/sham surgery until euthanasia. Maxillary first molars were extracted at 21 days after sham/ovariectomy surgery. Rats were euthanized at 10, 20, and 30 days post‐extractions. The following parameters were analyzed inside tooth‐extraction wound: proportion of newly formed bone (bone healing/BH), number of cells stained for tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and immunohistochemical staining for five bone metabolism‐related markers (osteocalcin [OCN], osteopontin [OPN], bone sialoprotein [BSP], osteoprotegerin [OPG] and receptor activator of NF‐КB ligand [RANKL]).ResultsThe estrogen‐deficient group presented lower BH than all other groups at 20 and 30 days post‐extraction (P < 0.05). The number of TRAP‐stained cells was higher in the estrogen‐deficient group than in estrogen‐sufficient group at 30 days post‐extraction (P < 0.05). The strontium /estrogen‐sufficient group exhibited stronger staining for OCN, when compared to the estrogen‐sufficient and estrogen‐deficient groups (P < 0.05). Both strontium ranelate‐treated groups presented higher staining of OPN and BSP than both untreated groups (P < 0.05). The strontium/estrogen‐sufficient group demonstrated stronger staining for OPG than the estrogen‐deficient group (P < 0.05). The estrogen‐sufficient group and both groups treated with strontium ranelate showed lower expression of RANKL than the estrogen‐deficient group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsStrontium ranelate benefited BH and the expression of bone markers in tooth‐extraction wound in estrogen‐deficient rats whereas its benefits in estrogen‐sufficient rats were modest.
Synthesis of Poly(trimethylene carbonate) Oligomers by Ring‐Opening Polymerization in Bulk
Authors: Li Xiang , Mignard Nathalie , Taha Mohamed , Fernández‐de‐Alba Carlos , Chen Jianding , Zhang Shengmiao , Fort Laure , Becquart Frédéric 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTelechelic poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) oligomers are synthesized and carefully characterized with molar masses between 300 and 5000 g mol−1 in bulk by ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) with 1,3‐dioxan‐2‐one (trimethylene carbonate or TMC) as monomer and 1,4‐butanediol (BDO) as co‐initiator. 1,5,7‐Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec‐5‐ene (TBD) organic catalyst and tin(II) bis(2‐ethylhexanoate) (Sn(Oct)2) organometallic initiator are chosen comparatively. Due to the bi‐functionality of BDO and relatively low TMC/BDO feed ratios, it is proved that PTMC chains are elaborated from one or both the BDO alcohol functions, producing two coexisting kinds of PTMC chains with BDO unit at the chain end or in the backbone. Additionally, PTMC chains bear permanent and fast exchange reactions at 100 °C, leading to both a dynamic redistribution of chains and their extension with BDO unit numbers mainly from 0‐4 but up to 6. Longer reaction times and lower TMC/BDO molar ratios bring about more predominant exchange reactions and MALDI‐TOF allows to detail the structures evolutions deeply. Better average molar masses control and narrower distributions are obtained with TBD as compared to Sn(Oct)2. PTMC molar masses can be predicted simply by the TMC/BDO feed ratio with TBD. Kinetically, TBD is the most efficient. The glass transition temperature Tg is found to respect Flory–Fox model.
A social identity perspective of social media's impact on satisfaction with life
Authors: Dutot Vincent 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSocial media platforms have become an (almost) obligatory part of our lives and activities. However, many disadvantages have emerged such as an increase in dependency on social media owing to addictions known as the dark side of social media. The current research seeks to understand the impact of specific aspects of this dark side, viz. social media addiction, fear of missing out, and narcissism, on self‐esteem, and their links with an individual's satisfaction with life (SwL). The results of a quantitative survey (n = 260) show the salient impact of these aspects on self‐esteem as well as the preponderant role of collective self‐esteem in SwL. Academic and managerial implications are discussed.
Simulations of realistic granular soils in oedometer tests using physics engine
Authors: He Hantao , Zheng Junxing 
Published: January 2020

SummaryDiscrete element method (DEM) has become a preeminent numerical tool for investigating the mechanical behavior of granular soils. However, traditional DEM uses sphere clusters to approximate realistic particles, which is computationally demanding when simulating many particles. This paper demonstrates the potential of using a physics engine technique to simulate realistic particles. The physics engines are originally developed for video games for simulating physical and mechanical processes that occur in the real world to produce realistic game experiences. The simulation accuracy and efficiency of physics engines have been significantly improved in the last two decades allowing them to be used as a scientific tool in many disciplines. This paper introduces modeling methodologies of physics engine including realistic particle representation and the contact model. Then, oedometer tests are simulated using realistic particles scanned by X‐ray computed tomography (X‐ray CT). The simulation results agree well with experimental results. This paper demonstrates that physics engines can output contact parameters for geotechnical analysis and force chains for visualization.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Iron Deficiency in Adults With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Gettle Lucy S. , Harden Adrienne , Bridges Meagan , Albon Dana 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundIron deficiency is common in cystic fibrosis (CF), but previous prevalence studies often reported results confounded by acute exacerbations. This single‐center retrospective study aimed to identify the prevalence of iron deficiency in a stable adult CF population, identify the risk factors associated with iron deficiency, and compare common laboratory indicators of iron status.MethodsMedical charts of 105 patients aged 18–67 were reviewed to determine the prevalence of anemia. Of these patients, a subgroup of 67 were included in analyses of iron deficiency, defined as serum ferritin < 12 ng/mL and/or percent transferrin saturation (TSAT) < 16%. Data on sex, age, body mass index, anemia status, vitamin deficiencies, presence of comorbidities, colonization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and use of acid blockers and CF transmembrane conductance regulator modulators were collected to evaluate relationship of iron deficiency with these clinical factors. κ agreements between serum iron, ferritin, transferrin, and TSAT were compared.ResultsIn this stable CF population, the prevalence of iron deficiency was 41.8% (n = 67), and the prevalence of anemia was 33.3% (n = 105). Iron deficiency was associated with presence of anemia (P < .001), vitamin A deficiency (P = .012), and moderate (P = .047) and severe lung disease (P = .045) compared with mild lung disease. Transferrin agreed poorly with other iron status indicators.ConclusionIron deficiency is common in CF, although prevalence rates can vary widely depending on the laboratory parameters used. CF centers should consider routine screening for iron deficiency.
Asymmetric Synthesis of 4,4‐(Difluoro)glutamic Acid via Chiral Ni(II)‐Complexes of Dehydroalanine Schiff Bases. Effect of the Chiral Ligands Structure on the Stereochemical Outcome
Authors: Tokairin Yoshinori , Shigeno Yuhei , Han Jianlin , Röschenthaler Gerd‐Volker , Konno Hiroyuki , Moriwaki Hiroki , Soloshonok Vadim A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFour differently substituted chiral Ni(II)‐complexes of dehydroalanine Schiff base were prepared and reacted with BrCF2COOEt/Cu under the standard reaction conditions. The observed diastereoselectivity was found to depend on the degree and pattern of chlorine substitution for hydrogen in the structure of the dehydroalanine complexes. The unsubstituted complex gave the ratio of diastereomers (S)(2S)/(S)(2R) of 66/34. On the other hand, introduction of chlorine atoms in the strategic positions on the chiral ligands allowed to achieve a practically attractive diastereoselectivity of (∼98.5/1.5). Diastereomerically pure major product was disassembled to prepare 9‐fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) derivative of (S)‐4,4‐difluoroglutamic acid.
HPV16 is sufficient to induce squamous cell carcinoma specifically in the tongue base in transgenic mice
Authors: Mestre Verónica F , Medeiros‐Fonseca Beatriz , Estêvão Diogo , Casaca Fátima , Silva Sandra , Félix Ana , Silva Fernanda , Colaço Bruno , Seixas Fernanda , Bastos Margarida MSM , Lopes Carlos , Medeiros Rui , Oliveira Paula A , Gil da Costa Rui M 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHead and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) occur specifically in the tonsils and the tongue base, but the reasons for this specificity remain unknown. We studied the distribution of oral and pharyngeal lesions in HPV16‐transgenic mice where the expression of all the HPV16 early genes is targeted to keratinising squamous epithelia by the cytokeratin 14 (Krt14) gene promoter. At 30 weeks of age, 100% of mice developed low‐ and high‐grade intraepithelial dysplasia at multiple sites. Twenty per cent of animals developed invasive cancers that remarkably were restricted to the tongue base, in association with the circumvallate papilla. The lesions maintained expression of CK14 (KRT14) and the HPV16 E6 and E7 oncogenes, and displayed deregulated cell proliferation and up‐regulation of p16INK4A. Malignant lesions were poorly differentiated and destroyed the tongue musculature. We hypothesised that the tongue base area might contain a transformation zone similar to those observed in the cervix and anus, explaining why HPV‐positive cancers target that area specifically. Immunohistochemistry for two transformation zone markers, CK7 (KRT7) and p63 (TP63), revealed a squamocolumnar junction in the terminal duct of von Ebner's gland, composed of CK7+ luminal cells and p63+ basal cells. Dysplastic and invasive lesions retained diffuse p63 expression but only scattered positivity for CK7. Site‐specific HPV‐induced carcinogenesis in the tongue base may be explained by the presence of a transformation zone in the circumvallate papilla. This mouse model reproduces key morphological and molecular features of HPV‐positive HNSCC, providing a unique in vivo tool for basic and translational research. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Software‐assisted decision support in digital histopathology
Authors: Huss Ralf , Coupland Sarah E 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTissue diagnostics is the world of pathologists, and it is increasingly becoming digitalised to leverage the enormous potential of personalised medicine and of stratifying patients, enabling the administration of modern therapies. Therefore, the daily task for pathologists is changing drastically and will become increasingly demanding in order to take advantage of the development of modern computer technologies. The role of pathologist has rapidly evolved from exclusively describing the morphology and phenomenology of a disease, to becoming a gatekeeper for novel and most effective treatment options. This is possible based on the retrieval and management of a wide range of complex information from tissue or a group of cells and associated meta‐data. Intelligent and self‐learning software solutions can support and guide pathologists to score clinically relevant decisions based on the accurate and robust quantification of multiple target molecules or surrogate biomarker as companion or complimentary diagnostics along with relevant spatial relationships and contextual information from digital H&E and multiplexed images. With the availability of multiplex staining techniques on a single slide, high‐resolution image analysis tools, and high‐end computer hardware, machine and deep learning solutions now offer diagnostic rulesets and algorithms that still require clinical validation in well‐designed studies. Before entering the clinical practice, the ‘human factor’ pathologist needs to develop trust in the output coming from the ‘digital black box of computational pathology’, including image analysis solutions and artificial intelligence algorithms to support critical clinical decisions which otherwise would not be available. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The utility of exome sequencing for fetal pleural effusions
Authors: Jelin Angie C. , Sobreira Nara , Wohler Elizabeth , Solomon Benjamin , Sparks Teresa , Sagaser Katelynn G , Forster Katherine R. , Miller Jena , Witmer P. Dane , Hamosh Ada , Valle David , Blakemore Karin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveWe sought to evaluate the performance of exome sequencing (ES) in determining an underlying genetic etiology for cases of fetal pleural effusions.Study designWe examined a prospective cohort series of fetal pleural effusions visualized sonographically between 1 April 2016 and 31 August 2017. Fetal pleural effusions attributed to twin sharing, anemia, or structural anomalies were excluded, as were all cases with a genetic diagnosis established by karyotype or chromosomal microarray analysis. The remaining cases with pleural effusions of unclear etiology were offered ES. ES was performed by clinical sequencing and/or sequencing under the Baylor‐Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics' (BHCMG) research platform. All cases were evaluated for novel genes or phenotypic expansion of disease‐causing genes.ResultsES was performed on six probands affected by pleural effusions. A pathogenic variant was identified in one case (16.7%). Four additional cases had variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in candidate genes of pathological interest. Neither clinical nor candidate genes were evident in the final case.ConclusionES should be considered in the evaluation of prenatally detected idiopathic pleural effusions when other diagnostic workup for a genetic etiology has failed.
Do you know what I'm thinking? A comparison of teacher and parent perspectives of underachieving gifted students' attitudes
Authors: Siegle Del , DaVia Rubenstein Lisa , McCoach D. Betsy 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Achievement Orientation Model posits students are motivated to do well in school when they believe they have the necessary skills to perform a task (self‐efficacy), find the task meaningful (goal valuation), and see their environment as supportive. When these factors are present, students self‐regulate and achieve. We examined these factors from underachieving gifted students', their parents', and teachers' perspectives. Results indicated teachers recognize students who are confident and not confident about their abilities to be academically successful; however, they are less able to recognize when students value the work they are encountering in school. Parents' perceptions of students' attitudes more closely correlated with students' perceptions than teachers' perceptions correlated with students' perceptions. Teachers and parents appeared to base their perception of the importance students hold for school on their perception of students' self‐regulation. Furthermore, gender differences existed in students' perceptions. Females' self‐efficacy scores were statistically lower than males' self‐efficacy scores, and males' self‐regulation scores were lower than females' self‐regulation scores. We provide suggestions for how school psychologists may use these findings to (a) collect important information from students, teachers, and parents, (b) interpret these data to identify underlying influential factors, and (c) guide the development of appropriate interventions to address student underachievement.
Microbial Metabolites and Intestinal Stem Cells Tune Intestinal Homeostasis
Authors: Xing Peter Yuli , Pettersson Sven , Kundu Parag 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMicroorganisms that colonize the gastrointestinal tract, collectively known as the gut microbiota, are known to produce small molecules and metabolites that significantly contribute to host intestinal development, functions, and homeostasis. Emerging insights from microbiome research reveal that gut microbiota‐derived signals and molecules influence another key player maintaining intestinal homeostasis—the intestinal stem cell niche, which regulates epithelial self‐renewal. In this review, the literature on gut microbiota‐host crosstalk is surveyed, highlighting the effects of gut microbial metabolites on intestinal stem cells. The production of various classes of metabolites, their actions on intestinal stem cells are discussed and, finally, how the production and function of metabolites are modulated by aging and dietary intake is commented upon.
Shearwave Elastography in the Differentiation of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Severity
Authors: Wee Tze Chao , Simon Neil G. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThere is emerging evidence that ultrasound elastography may provide additional diagnostic information in peripheral neuropathies.ObjectiveTo investigate the use of ultrasound elastography to evaluate median nerve stiffness in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), as well as the relationship between the elastographic stiffness and electrophysiological severity.DesignCase control study.SettingTertiary hospital outpatient neurophysiology clinic.ParticipantsTwenty eight patients (47 wrists) with CTS and 25 control patients (25 wrists).InterventionsNone.Main Outcome MeauresUltrasound parameters (median nerve cross‐sectional area [CSA] at carpal tunnel, ratio of median nerve CSA at carpal tunnel and forearm), shearwave elastography parameter (median nerve stiffness), and electrophysiological severity of carpal tunnel syndrome.ResultsIn patients with CTS, median nerve stiffness by ultrasound elastography was increased between the different severity groups (control 83.5 ± 24.8, EDx negative CTS 84.2 ± 46.4, mild 117.7 ± 79.3, moderate 144.0 ± 71.1, severe 196.6 ± 48.4). The control versus moderate and severe subgroup was statistically significant.ConclusionsIn total, this study has demonstrated that ultrasound elastography was able to discriminate the severity of CTS whereas conventional ultrasound parameters did not.
Impact of Body Mass Index on Biomechanics of Recreational Runners
Authors: Vincent Heather K. , Kilgore Jack E. , Chen Cong , Bruner Michelle , Horodyski MaryBeth , Vincent Kevin R. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundSome recreational runners with obesity successfully train or compete without musculoskeletal injury. Insight into the key kinetic strategies of injury‐free heavier runners is necessary to appropriately guide development of safe training programs for this population.ObjectiveTo determine key biomechanical strategies of running in individuals with body mass index (BMI) values above and equal to and higher than 30 kg/m2.DesignThis was a case‐control study.ParticipantsRunners with obesity (n =18; 42.7 years, 38.9% women) who were matched by sex, age, footstrike type, footwear characteristics, and running speed with healthy runners (n = 36; 41.7 years, 32.5% women).SettingResearch laboratory affiliated with an academic medical center.MethodsA seven‐camera optical motion analysis system was used to capture running kinematics and an instrumented treadmill captured kinetic data.Main OutcomesMain outcomes were temporal spatial parameters, joint excursions, peak ground reaction forces (GRFs), joint moments, vertical average loading rate (VALR), impulses, and vertical stiffness (Kvert).ResultsRunners with obesity demonstrated 15% less vertical excursion of the center of mass, 18% wider strides, and 3% longer stance times than nonobese runners (P < .05). Normalized peak GRFs and VALRs were higher in the nonobese group. GRF impulse was higher in the group with obesity compared to the nonobese group (means ± SD; 339.6 ± 55.2 Ns vs. 255.0 ± 45.8 Ns; P = .0001). Kvert was higher in the obese group compared to the nonobese group (238.6 ± 50.3 N/cm vs. 183.1 ± 29.4 N/cm; P = .0001). Peak hip moments were higher in runners with obesity in the sagittal and frontal planes (P < .05).ConclusionRunners with obesity dampened impact forces and controlled loading rate more than nonobese runners by increasing lower body stiffness and constraining vertical displacement.
The Association of Pain Phenotype with Neuromuscular Impairments and Mobility Limitations Among Older Primary Care Patients: A Secondary Analysis of the Boston Rehabilitative Impairment Study of the Elderly
Authors: Roseen Eric J. , Ward Rachel E. , Keysor Julie J. , Atlas Steven J. , Leveille Suzanne G. , Bean Jonathan F. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundClarifying the relationship between pain phenotypes and physical function in older adults may enhance screening and treatment for functional decline in primary care settings.ObjectiveTo investigate the association of more severe pain phenotypes with neuromuscular impairments or mobility limitations among older community‐dwelling primary care patients.DesignCross‐sectional analysis.SettingThe Boston Rehabilitative Impairment Study of the Elderly.ParticipantsAdults aged 65 years or older.MethodsWe counted the number of musculoskeletal pain locations (none, single site, multisite, or widespread) using the McGill Pain Questionnaire and identified pain intensity tertiles using the Brief Pain Inventory. Neuromuscular attributes (trunk extensor muscle endurance, and leg speed, strength, strength asymmetry, and range of motion) and mobility (Short Physical Performance Battery [SPPB]) were assessed with performance‐based measures. Additionally, self‐reported mobility was measured on the Late Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI). For neuromuscular attributes and LLFDI, scores in the lowest tertile indicated neuromuscular impairment or mobility limitations, respectively. For SPPB, a score <7 (of 12) indicated severe mobility limitations.ResultsAmong 430 participants (mean age = 77) most were female (68%), white (83%), and had either multisite (50%) or widespread (14%) pain. After adjusting for baseline characteristics, widespread pain (compared to none) was associated with slow leg speed (adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: aOR = 2.33, 1.03‐5.27), limited ankle range of motion (aOR = 2.15, 1.03‐4.47) and mobility limitations on LLFDI (aOR = 3.85, 1.81‐8.19). Being in the highest pain intensity tertile, versus lowest tertile, was associated with poor trunk extensor muscle endurance (aOR = 2.49, 1.41‐4.39), limited ankle range of motion (aOR = 2.15, 1.25‐3.71), and mobility limitations on SPPB (aOR = 2.56, 1.45‐4.52), and LLFDI (aOR = 4.70, 2.63‐8.40).ConclusionsAmong ambulatory, older primary care patients, more severe pain phenotypes are associated with neuromuscular impairments identified on physical testing and mobility limitations on validated measures.