bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Segmental motion at the peak of the ossification foci is independent risk factor except for mal-alignment and thick ossification foci for poor outcome after laminoplasty for cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament: analyses in patients with positive K-line, lordotic alignment and lower canal occupying ratio
Authors: Saito Junya , Koda Masao , Furuya Takeo , Maki Satoshi , Ijima Yasushi , Kitamura Mitsuhiro , Miyamoto Takuya , Orita Sumihisa , Inage Kazuhide , Hasue Fumio , Fujiyoshi Takayuki , Kamiya Koshiro , Ikeda Yoshikazu , Nakajima Fumitake , Hashimoto Mitsuhiro , Noguchi Hiroshi , Takahashi Hiroshi , Yamazaki Masashi , Ohtori Seiji 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To elucidate the independent preoperative factors that have a significant impact on poor surgical outcome after laminoplasty for K-line (+) ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). Analyses in K-line (+) patient population can exclude the influence by mal-alignment and thick OPLL, both of which are well known two major factors have significant impact on clinical outcome.Methods: The present study included 72 patients (50 male and 22 female) who underwent laminoplasty for K-line (+) cervical OPLL and were followed-up for at least one year. Recovery of Japanese Orthopedic Association score (JOA score) for cervical myelopathy was used as the measure of clinical outcome. For radiographic assessment, the type of OPLL, the maximum OPLL occupation ratio, the C2-C7 angle and the segmental range of motion at the peak of OPLL (segmental ROM) were assessed. To elucidate the factors that are significantly associated with a poor clinical outcome after laminoplasty for K-line (+) OPLL, statistical analyses were conductedResults: The mean preoperative JOA score was 8.9 points and improved to 12.8 points after surgery. The recovery of JOA score was 47 ± 35 %. Stepwise logistic regression following univariate analyses revealed that preoperative segmental ROM at the peak of OPLL is an independent factor associated with a poor outcome (p = 0.04, odds ratio = 1.15).Conclusions: Large preoperative segmental ROM at the peak of the OPLL is an independent factor that has significant impact on poor surgical outcome after laminoplasty for K-line (+) OPLL.
"Who is Watching the Watchdog?": Ethical Perspectives of Sharing Health-related Data for Precision Medicine in Singapore
Authors: Lysaght Tamra , Ballantyne Angela , Xafis Vicki , Ong Serene , Schaefer Gerald Owen , Ling Jeffrey , Newson Ainsley J , Khor Ing Wei , Tai E Shyong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: We aimed to examine the ethical concerns Singaporeans have about sharing health-data for precision medicine (PM) and identify suggestions for governance strategies. Just as Asian genomes are under-represented in PM, the views of Asian populations about the risks and benefits of data sharing are under-represented in prior attitudinal research. Methods: We conducted seven focus groups with 62 participants in Singapore from May to July 2019. They were conducted in three languages (English, Mandarin and Malay) and analysed with qualitative content and thematic analysis. Results: Four key themes emerged: nuanced understandings of data security and data sensitivity; trades-offs between data protection and research benefits; trust (and distrust) in the public and private sectors; and governance and control options. Participants were aware of the inherent risks associated with data sharing for research. Participants expressed conditional support for data sharing, including genomic sequence data and information contained within electronic medical records. This support included sharing data with researchers from universities and healthcare institutions, both in Singapore and overseas. Support was conditional on the perceived social value of the research and appropriate de-identification and data security processes. Participants suggested that a data sharing oversight body would help strengthen public trust and comfort in data research for PM in Singapore. Conclusion: Maintenance of public trust in data security systems and governance regimes can enhance participation in PM and data sharing for research. Contrary to themes in much prior research, participants demonstrated a sophisticated understanding of the inherent risks of data sharing, analysed trade-offs between risks and potential benefits of PM, and often adopted an international perspective.
Safety studies and viral shedding of intramuscular administration of oncolytic vaccinia virus TG6002 in healthy Beagle dogs
Authors: Béguin Jérémy , Nourtier Virgine , Gantzer Murielle , Cochin Sandrine , Foloppe Johann , Balloul Jean Marc , Laloy Eve , Tierny Dominique , Klonjkowski Bernard , Quemeneur Eric , Maurey Christelle , Erbs Philippe 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Cancer is a leading cause of mortality for both humans and dogs. As spontaneous canine cancers appear to be relevant models of human cancers, the development of new therapeutic approaches can benefit both species. Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of cancer. TG6002 is a recombinant oncolytic vaccinia virus deleted in the thymidine kinase and ribonucleotide reductase genes and armed with the suicide gene FCU1 that encodes a protein which catalyses conversion of the non-toxic 5-fluorocytosine into the toxic metabolite 5-fluorouracil. Previous studies have shown the ability of TG6002 to infect and replicate in canine tumor cell lines and its oncolytic potency in cell lines, xenograft models and canine mammary adenocarcinoma explants. Moreover, 5-fluorouracil synthesis has been confirmed in fresh canine mammary adenocarcinoma explants infected with TG6002 with 5-fluorocytosine. This study aims to assess the safety profile and viral shedding after unique or repeated intramuscular injections of TG6002 in healthy Beagle dogs.
Results
The maximal tolerated dose of TG6002 by intramuscular route was 5 × 107 PFU/kg. Repeated intramuscular administrations of TG6002 at the dose of 5 × 107 PFU/kg seem feasible with no particular adverse events. No clinical or biological adverse effect was observed in the course of the study. Residual TG6002 in blood, saliva, urine and feces of treated dogs was not detected by infectious titer assay and by qPCR, ensuring the safety of the virus for the dogs and their environment.
Conclusions
These results establish the good tolerability of TG6002 in healthy dogs with undetectable viral shedding after multiple injections. This study supports the initiation of further studies in canine cancer patients to evaluate the oncolytic potential of TG6002 and provides critical data for clinical development of TG6002 as human cancer therapy.
Efficacy of Melatonin on Postoperative Outcomes after Hysterectomy: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial
Authors: Laosuwan Prok , Dechaworawut Kamolwan , Rodanant Oraluxna , Charuluxananan Somrat 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Melatonin became a part of multimodal analgesia in several recent studies because of its analgesic, anxiolytic and anti-inflammatory properties. Incidence of anxiety and pain in patients who underwent hysterectomy are not low. Moreover, preoperative anxiety was related to postoperative pain. The hypothesis of this study was whether melatonin could improve pain and other postoperative conditions after hysterectomy.Methods: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial recruitment of 54 patients, aged between 18 and 65 years old, planned to undergo hysterectomy, with or without oophorectomy under spinal anesthesia. The patients were allocated to receive 4 mg prolonged-release melatonin at night before surgery and in the morning before surgery or 2 doses of placebo at the same time point. Morphine consumption within 24 hours with patient-controlled analgesia machine and visual analog scale (VAS) pain score were recorded. In addition, quality of sleep, Thai standard anxiety level score, fatigue, general well-being and satisfaction score were measured by a blinded assessor and analyzed.Results: Mean of cumulative dose of morphine consumption in melatonin and placebo group were 33.04 ±10.42 and 42.63 ±8.21 mg, respectively. (p < 0.001) Mean of postoperative VAS pain scale was lower in the melatonin group at recovery room arrival (T0) (23.41 vs 8.07, p = 0.01). However, there was not a significant difference between postoperative groups at 1(T1), 6 (T6) and 24 h (T24). Fatigue and general well-being score in the melatonin group were better than the placebo group.Conclusion: Prolonged-release formulation of melatonin decreased pain intensity in post anesthetic care room and lowered doses of postoperative morphine within 24 hours after surgery. Postoperative fatigue, general well-being and satisfaction scores were better in the treatment group. However, there was no anxiety and sleep quality improvement. Melatonin may be an additional choice of multimodal analgesia for hysterectomy. Clinical trial registration: TCTR20140516001, Registered 16 May, 2014, http://www.clinicaltrials.in.th/index.php?tp=regtrials&menu=trialsearch&smenu=fulltext&task=search&task2=view1&id=1076, Efficacy of melatonin on postoperative outcomes after hysterectomy: a randomised, doubl-blinded, placebo-controlled trial
A Novel Automobile Antenna for Vehicles Communication of Iot Systems in 5g Network
Authors: Luo Wei , Chen Wuquan , Feng Yulu , Yang Yuqi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
AbstractThe Internet of vehicles (IoV) is an important part of mobile communication system with the development of Internet of things (IoT). A novel multiband automobile antenna is proposed, which can cover all frequency bands for the long-term evolution (LTE), the 5th generation wireless systems (5G), the wireless local area network (WLAN) and the dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) (from 690 MHz to 944 MHz and from 1.46 GHz to 6 GHz). The antenna is designed based on the monopole antenna, and the impedance matching performance of the antenna is improved by loading the toothed capacitor and the impedance matching disc. The simulation results show that the automobile antenna achieves good impedance matching in the working bandwidth and obtains omnidirectional radiation pattern in the horizontal direction. The electric field distribution of the antenna placed on the vehicle roof is simulated to evaluate the network performance of the antenna system in the urban environment. The transmission coefficient of the transceiver system using the automobile antenna is also analyzed based on the electromagnetic simulation results and statistical model. The blind area of mobile communication system is effectively covered with the automobile antenna, which could be used to connect the LTE cell and the IoV system.
Emergency Demand Response in Edge Computing
Authors: Song Zhaoyan , Zhou Ruiting , Zhao Shihan , Qin Shixin , Lui John C.S. , Li Zongpeng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A cloudlet is a small-scale cloud datacenter deployed at the network edge to support mobile applications in proximity with low latency. While an individual cloudlet operates on moderate power, cloudlet clusters are well-suited candidates for emergency demand response (EDR) scenarios due to substantial electricity consumption and job elasticity: mobile workloads in the edge often exhibit elasticity in their execution. To efficiently carry out edge EDR via cloudlet cluster control, two fundamental problems need to be addressed: how to incentivize the participation of cloudlet clusters, and how to schedule and allocate workloads in each cluster to satisfy EDR requirements. We propose a two-stage control scheme, consisting of: i) an auction mechanism to motivate clusters' voluntary energy reduction and select participants with the minimum social cost; ii) an online task scheduling algorithm for chosen clusters to dispatch workloads to guarantee target EDR power reduction. Using the primal-dual optimization theory, we prove that our control scheme is truthful, individually rational, runs in polynomial time and achieves near-optimal performance. Large-scale simulation studies based on real-world data also confirm the efficiency and superiority of our scheme over state-of-the-art algorithms.
Using metagenomic analysis to assess the effectiveness of oral health promotion interventions in reducing risk for pneumonia among patients with stroke in acute phase: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wu Juncang , Dai Yuanchang , Lo Edward C.M. , Qi Yinliang , Zhang Ya , Li Quanli , Dai Ruoxi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background:The prevalence of pneumonia complicating stroke in acute phase has a poor prognosis and higher risk for death. Oral opportunistic pathogens have been reported to be associated with pneumonia among people with compromised health. Oral health promotion is effective in reducing dental plaque among patient with stroke, which is considered as reservoirs for oral opportunistic pathogens. This study evaluates the effectiveness of oral health promotions in reducing prevalence of pneumonia via its effects on composition and relative abundance of oral opportunistic pathogens.Methods/Design:This study is a randomized, single-blind, parallel trial of 6 months duration. The study is being conducted at one of the largest medical teaching hospitals in Hefei, China. A total of 166 patients with stroke and free from any post-stroke complication will be recruited. After enrollment, patients will be randomized to one of the groups: (1) oral hygiene instruction (OHI), or (2) OHI, 6-month use of powered toothbrushing, and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouth rinse (10 ml twice daily). The primary outcome is the prevalence of pneumonia complicating stroke. Patients will be monitored closely for any occurrence of pneumonia over the entire period of this trial. Oral rinse samples will be collected at baseline and multiple follow-up reviews (3, 5, 7 days, and 1, 3, 6 months after baseline). Next generation sequencing will be employed to detect composition and relative abundances of the microorganism in the oral rinse samples. Questionnaire interviews and clinical oral examinations will be conducted at baseline, and 1, 3, 6 months after baseline.DiscussionThe findings of this trial will provide evidence whether oral health promotion intervention is effective in reducing prevalence of pneumonia complicating stroke via its effect on oral microbiome. The analysis of the outcomes of this trial is empowered by metagenomic analysis at 16 S rRNA level, which is more sensitive and comprehensive to help us detect how oral health promotion inventions affect oral microbiome in terms of its composition, relative abundance, and interactions between species, which all may contribute to the occurrence of pneumonia complicating stroke.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04095780, registered on 09/19/2019
Frailty and Healthcare Utilisation Across Care Settings Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Singapore
Authors: Ge Lixia , Yap Chun Wei , Heng Bee Hoon , Tan Woan Shin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Frailty is frequently found to be associated with increased healthcare utilisation in western countries, but little is known in Asian population. This study was conducted to investigate the association between frailty and healthcare utilisation by care setting among community-dwelling older adults in Singapore.Methods We conducted a six-month look-back and six-month post-baseline analysis of healthcare utilisation. Data from a longitudinal population-based survey were linked with healthcare utilisation data obtained from an administrative database. Baseline frailty status was measured using the five-item FRAIL scale, which is categorised into three groups: robust (0), pre-frail (1–2), and frail (3–5). Healthcare utilisation included government primary care clinic visits, specialised outpatient clinic visits, emergency department visits, day surgery and hospitalisations. Multivariable logistic and negative binomial regression were applied to examine the associations between frailty with healthcare utilisation, controlling for other confounding variables. Results In our sample of 701 older adults, 64.8% were of robust health, 27.7% belonged to the pre-frail category, and 7.6% were frail. Compared to the non-frail group, frail individuals had a higher rate of specialised outpatient clinic visits (incidence rate ratio (IRR): 2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-6.5), emergency department visits (IRR: 3.1, 95%CI: 1.1-8.1), day surgeries done (IRR: 6.4, 95%CI: 1.3-30.9), and hospitalisations (IRR: 6.7, 95%CI: 2.1-21.1) in the six-months before the baseline and in subsequent six months (IRR: 3.3, 95%CI: 1.6-7.1; 6.4, 2.4-17.2; 5.8, 1.3-25.8; 13.1, 4.9-35.0; respectively). Frailty was also significantly associated with an increased in the number of specialised outpatient clinic visits, emergency department visits and hospitalisations in 6 months before and after baseline, with controlling for covariates. Conclusions Among community-dwelling adults, frailty was positively associated with the likelihood and the number of specialised outpatient clinic visits, emergency department visits, day surgeries and hospitalisations but no significant associations were observed with primary care utilization. The positive association was significant at 6-month before and after the baseline. As frailty is a potentially reversible health state with early screening and intervention, providing preventive activities that delay the onset or progression of frailty should have the potential effect on delaying secondary and tertiary care needs.
Exploring Perceptions of Dementia in Northern Ireland
Authors: Mitchell Gary , McTurk Victoria , Carter Gillian , Brown-Wilson Christine 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Improving public knowledge and understanding about dementia has been identified as a priority area by people living with the condition, researchers, educators and policymakers for a number of years. Societies that have a better understanding of the condition are more likely to enable people living with dementia to enjoy a better quality of life. The aim of this study was to explore current public perceptions of dementia from people living with the condition in Northern Ireland.Methods: Four focus group interviews were conducted with a total of 20 people living with a dementia across three Northern Irish Counties in June 2019. These interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Ethical approval was obtained for this study prior to data collection.Findings: Following thematic analysis, three themes emerged in relation to barriers and facilitators to living well with dementia. These were: ‘Emphasis on Disability NOT Capability’, which highlighted societal misconceptions about the activities and modes of life which people with dementia could or could not do; ‘Normalise Dementia – We Don’t Want a Fool’s Pardon’, which focused on how society could encourage people living with the condition to enjoy greater independence, and ‘Dementia isn’t a Death Sentence’, which considered how professionals, family members and friends treated the person after diagnosis.Conclusions: Public perception and knowledge about dementia are improving but people living with the condition still face significant challenges in their daily lives. Participants in this study acknowledged improvements in societal knowledge and perception about dementia, however they also acknowledged there is still an urgent need for continued improvement.
Early Inguinal Lymphadenectomy is Necessary in the Treatment of Penile Cancer T1G2.
Authors: li Jing , Li Zai-shang , Wang Bin , Yang Jian-an 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Backgroud：At present, there is still no consensus on the early inguinal lymph node dissection (eILND) of T1G2 or T1aG2. In this study, we investigated the peculiarities of penile cancer T1G2 and T1aG2 to assess the necessity of eILND for this subgroup.Methods: A total of 144 patients had been treated for penile squamous cell carcinoma with primary tumor excision and early bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy in my institution from January 2002 to March 2017, thus, 53 patients definitely diagnosed as T1G1 or T1G2 were included in this study. According to the recent guideline, T1aG1 and T1aG2 were even researched. The chi-square test and the Fisher exact test were used to compare categorical variables. Survival were retrospectively analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and assessed by log-rank tests. RESULTS: Among 53 patients, the proportion of positive lymph node of T1G2 was 68.8%, which was significantly higher than T1G1 (18.9%, P=0.001). Then we analyzed the patients of clinically node-negative patients (cN0), micro metastatic disease occurred in T1G2 was 50% but in T1G1 was 14.8%, which also reached statistical significance (p=0.043). According to the recent guideline, T1aG1 and T1aG2 had been further analyzed. As the risk for lymphatic spread, T1aG2 was 44.4% while only 4.5% of T1aG1 was found Inguinal lymph node metastasis, significant differences of which were also reached (P=0.017). In an addition, Survival Curve had been demonstrated but no statistical differences found between T1G1 and T1G2, as the same result also existed in the cohort of T1aG1 and T1aG2, all of which revealed a strong proof of therapeutic benefits of eILND.CONCLUSIONS: The option of a surveillance strategy is not applicable to patients of T1G2 or T1aG2, eILND should be highly recommended for this subgroup to achieve the most therapeutic benefits.
Did Granny know best? Evaluating the Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antiviral Efficacy of Acetic Acid for Home Care Procedures.
Authors: Zinn Marc-Kevin , Bockmuehl Dirk 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Acetic acid has been used for many decades to clean and disinfect surfaces in the household. Disinfection in the household is particularly important for the group of YOPI (young, old, pregnant, immunocompromised), as they represent a risk group. In addition to known pathogens, viruses are also becoming a major problem not only for this group, but due to the new Sars-CoV-2 virus all people are affected. The aim of this study is to show that acetic acid has a disinfecting effect against certain microorganisms and is able to destroy certain viruses. Furthermore, a disinfecting effect of laundry in a simulated washing cycle will be investigated. Results: At a concentration of 10% and an addition of 1.5% citric acid according to the specifications of DIN EN 1040 and DIN EN 1275, acetic acid showed a reduction of > 5-log steps in the following microorganisms: P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, K. pneumoniae, E. hirae and A. brasiliensis. For MRSA a logarithmic reduction of 3.19 was obtained. The results of the test according to DIN EN 13697 showed a complete reduction (> 5-log steps) for P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus, E. hirae, A. brasiliensis and C. albicans already from a acetic acid concentration of 5%. The results of the tests according to DIN EN 14476 and DIN EN 16777 showed a reduction of ≥ 4-log-steps against the Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) for the tested acetic acid concentrations of 5%, 7.5% and 10%. This means a virucidal effect of 5% acetic acid. Furthermore, the results showed that acetic acid does not have a sufficient disinfecting effect on microorganisms in a dosage that is commonly used for cleaning. However, this can be achieved by increasing the concentration of acetic acid used, especially when combined with citric acid. Conclusions: Our results show a disinfecting effect of acetic acid in a concentration of 10% and an addition of 1.5% citric acid against a variety of microorganisms. A virucidal effect against enveloped viruses could also be proven. Furthermore, the results showed a disinfecting effect of acetic acid in domestic laundry procedures.