bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pollution status of volatile organic sulfur compounds causing odor in Xi River and factors influencing spatial distribution
Authors: Tu Xiang , Chen Shaohua , Wang Siyu , Liao Haiqing , Deng Xuejiao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study investigated the pollution status of volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) and the factors influencing their spatial distribution in the Xi River in Shenyang, China. A method for simultaneous determination of 14 VOSCs that cause odor in water samples was developed by using purge and trap coupled with gas chromatography and a flame photometric detector. The results indicated that each target compound could be identified from 15 sampling sites, and the total concentration of 14 VOSCs ranged from 2.575 to 52.981 μg L−1. Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) was the most important contaminant with an average concentration of 4.029 μg L−1, a detection rate of 93.33% and a variation coefficient of 0.72. The VOSCs were primarily distributed in suburban and rural sections, and the suburban section was the worst in regard to pollution by VOSCs. Dimethyl trisulfide was primarily distributed in urban and suburban sections of the Xi River due to industrial emissions. Ethanethiol, DMS, and ethyl methyl sulfide, which are typical by-products of microbial anaerobic decomposition from domestic wastewater, were found in abundance in the suburban section. Diethyl sulfide, diethyl disulfide, methyl propyl disulfide, and 1-propyl disulfide representing agricultural nonpoint source pollution were mostly distributed in the rural section.
Long Non-coding RNAs in Metabolic and Inflammatory Pathways in Obesity
Authors: Shi Yue , Qu Jiayuan , Gai Liyue , Yuan Ding , Yuan Chengfu 
Published: March 2020

Background:
In recent decades, the incidence of obesity has been rising globally. Obesity can often
cause various inflammatory reactions, resulting in several diseases that threaten public health. The purpose of this
review is to explore the role of long non-coding RNAs in metabolic obesity and find new targets for the prevention
and treatment of metabolic diseases.

Methods:
We described the relationship between obesity and inflammation, reviewed several signaling pathways
in metabolic inflammation, and summarized some of the long non-coding RNAs and their targets associated with
metabolic inflammation. The related studies were retrieved through a systematic search of the PubMed database.

Result:
Metabolic stress during obesity can cause inflammation through several metabolic pathways. Many long
non-coding RNAs can affect the progression of metabolic inflammation by affecting different pathways.

Conclusion:
Downregulation or antagonization of long non-coding RNAs in metabolic pathways may provide
new ideas and therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of metabolic inflammation.
Enantioselective Michael Addition of Malonates to Enones
Authors: Bakó Péter , Nemcsok Tamás , Rapi Zsolt , Keglevich György 
Published: March 2020

:Many catalysts were tested in asymmetric Michael additions in order to synthesize enantioenriched products. One of the most common reaction types among the Michael reactions is the conjugated addition of malonates to enones making it possible to investigate the structure–activity relationship of the catalysts. The most commonly used Michael acceptors are chalcone, substituted chalcones, chalcone derivatives, cyclic enones, while typical donors may be dimethyl, diethyl, dipropyl, diisopropyl, dibutyl, di-tert-butyl and dibenzyl malonates. This review summarizes the most important enantioselective catalysts applied in these types of reactions.
A Review of Pharmacological Properties and Toxicological Effects of Adiantum capillus-veneris L.
Authors: Kashkooe Ali , Sardari Frough Afsari , Mehrabadi Mahkameh Moradi , Zarshenas Mohammad M. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Adiantum capillus-veneris L. (Family: Pteridaceae) is a well-known
safe medicinal herb used in traditional and modern medicine due to its beneficial pharmacological
properties. The current study aimed to compile a review on phytochemicals, pharmacological
properties and toxicological effects of this plant.

Methods:
An incisive search was conducted through electronic scientific databases including
PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library using keyword ‘Adiantum capillusveneris’.
All related in vivo, in vitro, human (English papers), were selected from the beginning
up to 1st January 2019. All letters, conference papers, papers dealing with genetics, agriculture,
and pure phytochemistry of the herb were excluded.

Results:
A. capillus veneris revealed various pharmacological activities including the effects on
the remodeling of lung alveolar epithelial cells in a hypoxic environment, anti-toxicity properties
in liver and testes, anti-hyperglycemic, and wound healing effects in diabetic or non-diabetic patients,
protection against damage to fibroblasts via free radicals, activity against testosteroneinduced
alopecia, anticonvulsant, depressant, analgesic and anti-nociceptive activities, as well as
effects on urinary output, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antilithiatic, hypothyroidism regulatory,
anti-cancer, antidiarrheal and antispasmodic, anti-asthmatic and anti-histaminic, and enzyme
inhibition (in Alzheimer’s, diabetes and skin disorders) activities.

Conclusion:
This plant can be used as a natural potent and safe agent to alleviate numerous medical
symptoms and diseases due to its useful pharmacological properties. Thus, further researches
are needed in order to compile the clinical effects of this plant via human studies.
A Case Report: Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis Presenting as Chest Pain in a Patient on a Low Carbohydrate Diet
Authors: Dorcely Brenda , Nitis Juliana , Schwartzbard Arthur , Newman Jonathan D. , Goldberg Ira J. , Sum Melissa 
Published: March 2020

Introduction:
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 [SGLT2] inhibitors reduce cardiovascular
events and mortality in patients with diabetes, particularly patients with established cardiovascular disease.
Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis [euDKA], a complication of SGLT2 therapy, can be exacerbated
by a low carbohydrate diet.

Case Report:
A 61-year-old man with a history of type 2 diabetes, taking an SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin
10 mg orally daily, presented to the emergency room with a 2-day history of nausea and chest
pain. A week prior to presentation, he had started a ketogenic diet. He was initially admitted with a diagnosis
of acute coronary syndrome. On initial assessment in the emergency room, his cardiac enzymes
were normal and there were no ischemic changes in his ECG. As there was concern for unstable angina,
he underwent cardiac catheterization, which showed a known total occlusion with collaterals and arteries
with a non-obstructive disease without any evidence of acute plaque rupture. His baseline laboratory
assessments revealed an elevated anion gap of 17, increased urinary and plasma ketones, and metabolic
acidosis. His plasma glucose level was 84 mg/dL. The diagnosis of euDKA was made, and treatment
with intravenous fluids and insulin was initiated. His chest pain and nausea subsequently resolved.

Conclusion:
We present a case of euDKA triggered by a ketogenic diet while on SGLT2 inhibitor therapy
presenting as chest pain. The recognition of euDKA is important in the context of increased SGLT2
use for the management of cardiovascular risk for patients with diabetes.
Re-exploring an Epicentre Spice with Immense Therapeutic Potentials: Black Pepper (Piper nigrum)
Authors: Ghosh Sourav , Kumar Arvind , Sachan Neetu , Chandra Phool 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Spices are mostly used as additives in food regularly to enhance the taste
and flavour. From ancient times, the plant of Piperaceae family contributes a large variety of species
to the spices section, from which Piper nigrum is one of the widely used spices worldwide in culinary
and as a medicinal agent. Piper nigrum is known as the king of spice due to its impactful constituent
‘piperine’.

Objective:
To report a comprehensive view on the botanical description, traditional and culinary use,
phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, and toxicology of P. nigrum.

Methods:
Literature searches were carried out in various databases, such as PubMed, SciFinder, and
Google Scholar for peer-reviewed research literature about traditional and culinary use, biologically
active compounds and distinctive pharmacological activities along with toxicology of P. nigrum.

Results:
The main outcomes from the search are the bioactive compounds responsible for various
pharmacological activities, such as alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins and
anthraquinones. Apart from its traditional uses, it is accounted for the treatment of numerous diseases
worldwide. Pharmacologically, the plant has been investigated for antioxidant, antimicrobial, digestive,
antidiarrheal, anticancer, neuroprotective, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic,
hepatoprotective, antihypertensive, antithyroid and antiasthmatic activities. Black pepper
showed no toxic effect up to 250 times more than their usual amount.

Conclusion:
The overall review suggests that P. nigrum is not just a commonly utilized spice but also
at the same time utilized as a traditional plant with immense therapeutic potentials. The review also
suggests that limited work has been reported on the neuropharmacological activity of P. nigrum.
So, scientific evaluation of its neuroprotective effect can be a thrust area for the research.
Kinetic Behaviour of Amylase According to pH: A New Perspective for Starch Hydrolysis Process
Authors: Grewal Ravneet K. , Kaur Baldeep , Kaur Gagandeep 
Published: March 2020

Background:Amylases are the most widely used biocatalysts in starch saccharification and detergent industries. However, commercially available amylases have few limitations viz. limited activity at low or high pH and Ca2+ dependency.Objective:The quest for exploiting amylase for diverse applications to improve the industrial processes in terms of efficiency and feasibility led us to investigate the kinetics of amylase in the presence of metal ions as a function of pH.Methods:The crude extract from soil fungal isolate cultures is subjected to salt precipitation, dialysis and DEAE cellulose chromatography followed by amylase extraction and is incubated with divalent metal ions (i.e., Ca2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+); Michaelis-Menton constant (Km), and maximum reaction velocity (Vmax) are calculated by plotting the activity data obtained in the absence and presence of ions, as a function of substrate concentration in Lineweaver-Burk Plot.Results:Kinetic studies reveal that amylase is inhibited un-competitively at 5mM Cu2+ at pH 4.5 and 7.5, but non-competitively at pH 9.5. Non-competitive inhibition of amylase catalyzed starch hydrolysis is observed with 5mM Hg2+ at pH 9.5, which changes to mixed inhibition at pH 4.5 and 7.5. At pH 4.5, Ca2+ induces K- and V-type activation of amylase catalyzed starch hydrolysis; however, the enzyme has V-type activation at 7mM Ca2+ under alkaline conditions. Also, K- and V-type of activation of amylase is observed in the presence of 7mM Fe2+ at pH 4.5 and 9.5.Conclusion:These findings suggest that divalent ions modulation of amylase is pH dependent. Furthermore, a time-saving and cost-effective solution is proposed to overcome the challenges of the existing methodology of starch hydrolysis in starch and detergent industries.
Cuminum cyminum Prevents Lipotoxicity and Apoptosis but Cuminaldehyde Fails to Do So: A Study on Mouse Macrophage (RAW 264.7) Cells
Authors: Devkar Ranjitsinh , Thadani Jaymesh , Sanghvi Shridhar , Lagu Kiran , Shirsath Kavita 
Published: March 2020

Aim:The present study aims to compare the cytoprotective effect of Cuminum cyminum L. (CC) extract and cuminaldehyde (CA) against lipotoxicity induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) in mouse macrophage (RAW 264.7) cells.Objective:To assess comparative Cytoprotective potential of CC and CA against Ox-LDL induced cytotoxicity. ii) To study efficacy of CC and CA in preventing Ox-LDL induced apoptosisMethods:Protective effect of CC extract and CA aganist Ox-LDL induced cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 cells was assessed by MTT assay. DCFDA stain was used to check the generation of ROS followed by analysis of apoptotic genes by quantitative RT-PCR.Results:CC extract was found to be non-toxic up to 300 μg/ml but CA showed significant toxicity from 50 to 300 μg/ml. Cells treated with Ox-LDL recorded 80 % decrement in cell viability as compared to the control cells. But Ox-LDL+CC treated group accounted for improved cell viability (88 %) which was comparable to that of control. However, Ox-LDL+CA treated cells did not record any improvement in cell viability (19 %). DCF-DA staining revealed that the presence of CC could minimize intracellular oxidative stress but similarly this was persistent in CA supplemented group. Furthermore, mRNA expression of apoptotic genes revealed that Ox-LDL induced upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2 genes were not recorded in Ox-LDL+CC treated group.Conclusion:It can be concluded that CC extract efficiently prevented Ox-LDL induced lipotoxicity and apoptosis and has an anti-atherosclerotic potential. The failure of CA emphasizes the importance of naturally occurring polyherbal formulations over pure compounds in imparting bioactivity and for therapeutic applications.
COMPARISON OF MUSCULOSKELETAL STRESS ON LUMBAR, SHOULDER, AND WRIST JOINTS WHILE MAKING A BED USING EASYTUCK PAD VERSUS OTHER BED-MAKING TOOLS
Authors: ABDO ARMIA , AL-NAKHLI HANI 
Published: March 2020

Objective: Currently, there are multiple bed-making tools utilized by consumers and businesses with the intention of increasing safety and reducing time to make a bed. In this study, we will compare musculoskeletal stress, time, and preference of making a bed using the EasyTuck pad versus three other bed-making tools and making a bed without any bed-making tool.
Methods: A sample of ten subjects performed the task of making a queen size mattress bed with one bottom fitted sheet and one top flat sheet, using the EasyTuck pad versus three other bed-making tools, and making a bed without any bed-making tool, in a random order. Time to make the bed, forces on the low back, shoulders and wrist, and the number of times each individual bent forward were measured during each trial. In addition, subjective preferences were measured using a simple questionnaire.
Results: Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences between the five different procedures. There were significant differences for all the measured variables. Regarding the time needed to make one bed, the EasyTuck pad had the least time range (80.6 s±4.3), which was approximately 40 s less than making the bed with no tool (p<0.001). Furthermore, for the overall lumbar spine impulse force, the EasyTuck pad had the largest overall reduction in this category (90.6%). Regarding the subjective data, the EasyTuck pad had an overall rating of 9.4 out of 10, compared to the other tools with ratings of 5.9, 5.1, and 3.4 out of 10, which was a statistically significant difference (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Making beds on a regular basis poses risk of injury, especially for those who are required to perform this for their occupation. However, using assistive tools for bed-making, could minimize, and prevent injuries and overload to the lower back, and other parts of the body, making the bed-making task safer. Based on our findings, the EasyTuck pad was by far the most efficient and safest tool to assist in making beds, with the lowest possible risk of injury when compared to all the other tools tested.
ESCOLAS E UNIVERSIDADE PESQUISANDO A FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE. SCHOOLS AND UNIVERSITY RESEARCHING TEACHER EDUCATION
Authors: Moreira Sueli De Lima 
Published: March 2020

A partir de contribuições de Gramsci (1978), Sousa Santos (2007) e Souza (2015), o trabalho articula alguns desafios para a produção crítica no Brasil contemporâneo entre os campos da Educação e das Ciências Sociais. Através de um Projeto de Extensão, um grupo de professores e estudantes de escolas e universidade pública, autointitulado Coletivo Investigador, desenvolveu o fórum de relações entre escolas e universidade com o objetivo de aproximar a pesquisa do cotidiano escolar na formação docente. A metodologia adotada foi a Pesquisa-Ação Pedagógica (PAPe) (FRANCO, 2016), experienciando processos de investigação coletiva. Os resultados indicam caminhos que colaboram para a superação de estruturas preestabelecidas quemarcam as relações escola-universidade.
POLÍTICAS DE EXPANSÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL NA BAIXADA FLUMINENSE. POLICIES FOR THE EXPANSION OF CHILDREN EDUCATION IN BAIXADA FLUMINENSE
Authors: Do Nascimento Anelise Monteiro 
Published: March 2020

Este artigo apresenta os resultados da pesquisa “Ampliação da Educação Básica na Baixada Fluminense: a obrigatoriedade da inclusão das crianças de quatro anos nos sistemas de ensino”. A pesquisa se propôs a investigar a entrada de crianças com mais de quatro anos na escolarização obrigatória a partir da política nacional de universalização da pré-escola (Lei 12.796/13) e seus impactos nos sistemas de ensino da Baixada fluminense. Metodologicamente foram aplicados questionários nos municípios investigados. O trabalho de campo ocorreu nos anos de 2014 e 2015. A pesquisa revelou que as mudanças advindas da implementação da política nacional de universalização da pré-escola não garantiram, até 2016, ano limite para adequação dos sistemas, o amplo quantitativo de vagas necessárias para a entrada das crianças de quatro e cinco anos na Educação Básica obrigatória.
CAMINHAR PERGUNTANDO: A EDUCAÇÃO AUTÔNOMA ZAPATISTA. WALK ASKING: THE AUTONOMOUS ZAPATISTA EDUCATION
Authors: Morel Ana Paula Massadar 
Published: March 2020

O movimento zapatista é conhecido mundialmente por construir um modo de existência anti-capitalista e autogestionário chamado autonomia zapatista. Neste artigo, pretendemos enfocar um de seus pilares fundamentais: a educação autônoma zapatista. Esta se constitui como uma proposta de descolonização radical, o que passa pela experimentação de diferentes tipos de educação a partir de um denso aparato conceitual dos indígenas do movimento. Em um mundo onde todos os seres que existem têm ch’ulel (alma), a educação verdadeira (chanel) é um aprendizado com a comunidade e o cosmos baseada na arte do caminhar perguntando. The Zapatista movement is known worldwide for building an anti-capitalist mode of existence called Zapatista autonomy. In this article, we intend to focus on one of the fundamental pillars of this autonomy: autonomous education. This constitutes a proposal for radical decolonization, which involves the experimentation of different types of education from a dense conceptual apparatus of the indigenous movement. In a world where all beings that exist have ch'ulel (soul), chanel (true education) is a learning with the community and the cosmos based on the art of walking asking.
EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL ÉTNICO-RACIAL NAS NARRATIVAS DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA A CRIANÇA PEQUENA ETHNIC-RACIAL CHILDREN EDUCATION IN THE PUBLIC POLICY NARRATIVES FOR THE SMALL CHILD
Authors: De Menezes Flávia Maria , De Melo Claudia Vianna , Dos Santos Erica Cristian Reis 
Published: March 2020

Este artigo analisa textos das políticas públicas para a educação na infância, que afirmam a questão étnico-racial no processo de construção das identidades dos sujeitos escolares, em especial as crianças pequenas. O proposto é a discussão sobre as possibilidades que as narrativas desses textos oferecem (ou não) aos profissionais nas instituições de educação infantil brasileiras para o alargamento dos seus horizontes na direção de uma ação educativa humanizadora. This article analyzes texts of public policies for early childhood education that affirm the ethno-racial question in the process of constructing the identities of school subjects, especially young children. The proposal is the discussion about thepossibilities that the narratives of these texts offer (or do not) to the professionals in the institutions of Brazilian infantile education for the extension of their horizons in the direction of a humanizing educative action.
PROFESSOR OU PEDAGOGO, UMA BREVE REFLEXÃO TEACHER OR PEDAGOGUE, A BRIEF REFLECTION
Authors: De Souza Silvério Augusto Moura Soares , E Silva Dagmar De Mello 
Published: March 2020

Esse artigo surge do encontro entre dois professores da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal Fluminense enquanto trabalharam na Comissão de Discussão doCurrículo de Pedagogia, em 2017. Em oposição a uma definição identitária que encarceraria a atividade do Pedagogo em funções pré-determinadas de seu exercício profissional, a questão central do texto diz respeito à multiplicidade de possibilidades do “fazer” pedagógico, entendendo que essa abertura rompe com as hierarquizações e disciplinarizações que estabelecem fronteiras para uma visão transdisciplinar desse profissional ao mesmo tempo que contribui para o diálogo com as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) para a formação inicial e continuada dos profissionais do magistério da Educação Básica. This article arises from the meeting between two professors of the Faculty of Education of the Federal University Fluminense while they worked on the Commission of Discussion of the Curriculum of Pedagogy, in 2017. In opposition to an identitydefinition that would imprison the activity of the Pedagogue in pre-determined functions of his professional exercise, the central issue of the text is concerned with the multiplicity of possibilities of pedagogical "doing", understanding that this opening breaks with hierarchies and disciplinarizations that establish boundaries for a transdisciplinary view of this professional, and the same time it contributes to thedialogue with the National Curricular Guidelines (DCN) for the graduation and continued formation of teachers in the Basic Education teaching profession.
PERCURSO HISTÓRICO-SOCIAL DA CONSTITUIÇÃO DA DOCÊNCIA EM PROFISSÃO NO ENSINO NÃO SUPERIOR MOÇAMBICANO: AVANÇOS, RECUOS, CONTRADIÇÕES E DESAFIOS HISTORICAL-SOCIAL COURSE OF THE TEACHING PROFESSION IN NON-HIGHER EDUCATION IN MOZAMBIQUE: ADVANCES, SETBACKS, CONTRADICTIONS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Matavele Hilária Joaquim , Roldão Maria Do Céu , Costa Nilza 
Published: March 2020

Analisa-se o percurso histórico-social da constituição da docência em profissão no ensino não superior, para a sua compreensão contextualizada. Usa-se o= modelo de Nóvoa (1987) de quatro etapas: (1) transformação da docência numa atividade a tempo inteiro, (2) posse de autorização legal para o exercício da atividade, (3) institucionalização da formação de professores e (4) associativismo,aplicado na análise do processo em Portugal, e depois descreve-se o trajecto no caso moçambicano. Conclui-se que (i) embora não consolidadas, as quatro etapas figuram no caso deste país (ii) a afirmação da docência como profissãodenota fraca autonomia e enorme dependência dos professores do Estado, que os une mais a funcionários do que a profissionais, porém sugere-se mais pesquisa sobre esta conclusão. The historical-social course of the constitution of teaching in profession in non- higher education is analyzed, for its contextualized understanding. The Nóvoa (1987) model of four stages is used: (1) transformation of teaching into a full- time activity, (2) possession of legal authorization to carry out the activity, (3) institutionalization of Teacher Education and (4) associativism, applied in the analysis of the process in Portugal, then the route is described in the mozambican case. It is concluded that (i) although not consolidated, the four stages are in this case (ii) the affirmation of teaching as a profession shows weak autonomy and great dependence on State teachers, which brings them closer to employees than to professionals, but more research on this conclusion issuggested.