bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hsp70 inhibits aggregation of Islet amyloid polypeptide by binding to the heterogeneous prenucleation oligomers
Authors: Chilukoti Neeraja , Sahoo Bankanidhi , Deepa S , Cherakara Sreelakshmi , Maddheshiya Mithun , Garai Kanchan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMolecular chaperone Hsp70 plays important roles in the pathology of amyloid diseases by inhibiting aberrant aggregation of proteins. However, mechanism of the interactions of Hsp70 with the amyloidogenic intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) is not clear. Here, we use Hsp70 from different organisms to show that it inhibits aggregation of Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) at substoichiometric concentrations even in absence of ATP. The effect is found to be the strongest if Hsp70 is added in the beginning of aggregation but progressively less if added later, indicating role of Hsp70 in preventing primary nucleation possiblyviainteractions with the prefibrillar oligomers of IAPP. Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) measurements of the solutions containing fluorescently labelled Hsp70 and IAPP exhibit fluorescence bursts suggesting formation of heterogeneous complexes of oligomeric IAPP binding to multiple molecules of Hsp70. Size exclusion chromatography and field flow fractionation are then used to fractionate the smaller complexes. Multiangle light scattering and FCS measurements suggest that these complexes comprise of monomers of Hsp70 and small oligomers of IAPP. However, concentration of the complexes is measured to be a few nanomolar amidst several μmolar of free Hsp70 and IAPP. Hence, our results indicate that Hsp70 interacts poorly with the monomers but strongly with oligomers of IAPP. This is likely a common feature of the interactions between the chaperones and the amyloidogenic IDPs. While strong interactions with the oligomers prevent aberrant aggregation, poor interaction with the monomers avert interference with the functions of the IDPs.
Pandemic Politics: Timing State-Level Social Distancing Responses to COVID-19
Authors: Adolph Christopher , Amano Kenya , Bang-Jensen Bree , Fullman Nancy , Wilkerson John 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSocial distancing policies are critical but economically painful measures to flatten the curve against emergent infectious diseases. As the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19 spread throughout the United States in early 2020, the federal government issued social distancing recommendations but left to the states the most difficult and consequential decisions restricting behavior, such as canceling events, closing schools and businesses, and issuing stay-at-home orders. We present an original dataset of state-level social distancing policy responses to the epidemic and explore how political partisanship, COVID-19 caseload, and policy diffusion explain the timing of governors’ decisions to mandate social distancing. An event history analysis of five social distancing policies across all fifty states reveals the most important predictors are political: all else equal, Republican governors and governors from states with more Trump supporters were slower to adopt social distancing policies. These delays are likely to produce significant, on-going harm to public health.
Overexpression of the chloroplastic 2-oxoglutarate/malate transporter in rice disturbs carbon and nitrogen homeostasis
Authors: Zamani-Nour Shirin , Lin Hsiang-Chun , Walker Berkley J. , Mettler-Altmann Tabea , Khoshravesh Roxana , Karki Shanta , Bagunu Efren , Sage Tammy L. , Quick W. Paul , Weber Andreas P.M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe chloroplastic oxaloacetate/malate transporter (OMT1 or DiT1) takes part in the malate valve that protects chloroplasts from excessive redox poise through export of malate and import of oxaloacetate (OAA). Together with the glutamate/malate transporter (DCT1 or DiT2), it connects carbon with nitrogen assimilation, by providing α-ketoglutarate for the GS/GOGAT reaction and exporting glutamate to the cytoplasm. OMT1 further plays a prominent role in C4photosynthesis. OAA resulting from PEP-carboxylation is imported into the chloroplast, reduced to malate by plastidic NADP-MDH, and then exported for transport to bundle sheath cells. Both transport steps are catalyzed by OMT1, at the rate of net carbon assimilation. Therefore, to engineer C4photosynthesis into C3crops, OMT1 must be expressed in high amounts on top of core C4metabolic enzymes. We report here high-level expression ofZmOMT1from maize in rice (Oryza sativassp.indicaIR64). Increased activity of the transporter in transgenic rice was confirmed by reconstitution of transporter activity into proteoliposomes. Unexpectedly, over-expression ofZmOMT1in rice negatively affected growth, CO2assimilation rate, total free amino acid contents, TCA cycle metabolites, as well as sucrose and starch contents. Accumulation of high amounts of aspartate and the impaired growth phenotype of OMT1 rice lines could be suppressed by simultaneous over-expression ofZmDiT2. Implications for engineering C4-rice are discussed.
Brexit-related food issues in the UK print media: setting the agenda for post-Brexit food policy
Authors: Strong Helen , Wells Rebecca 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how Brexit-related food issues are being presented in the UK print media.Design/methodology/approachUsing the news database Nexis UK, relevant articles were identified based on key search terms, “Brexit” and “Food” or “Farm!” or “Agriculture!”. The search criteria were set to include articles with three or more mentions of these terms. The search period was 6 April to 5 July 2018.FindingsThe quality newspaper genre, and remain-supporting newspaper, The Guardian, in particular, dominated food Brexit coverage. In total, 17 distinct food Brexit issues were covered, with food security and subsidies receiving the most coverage in leave-supporting publications and agriculture, trade and labour receiving the most coverage in remain-supporting publications. Dominant narratives and frames can be identified in the reporting, illustrating newspapers' tendency to promote certain viewpoints in support of their own standpoint on Brexit. In all publication types, political voices feature far more prominently than any other stakeholder group, highlighting the significant potential for this group to influence public opinion and the post-Brexit food policy agenda.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors only examined newspapers over a limited period. Reporting in other media and at different stages in the Brexit negotiation process may differ.Practical implicationsMedia reporting on food Brexit issues has the potential to influence post-Brexit food policy.Originality/valueThis is the first study to look at reporting on food Brexit in the UK media.
Innovations and firm-level efficiency: a comparative analysis between China and India
Authors: Islam Mohammad Monirul , Fatema Farha 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThis study examines the innovation-efficiency linkage for Indian and Chinese manufacturing and service firms.Design/methodology/approachWe applied the stochastic production and cost frontier approach to determine the output and cost efficiency of the firms surveyed in World Bank enterprise surveys. We then used both unconditional and conditional propensity score matching (PSM) estimation techniques to examine the effects of innovation as well as R&D on output and cost efficiency of the firms surveyed.FindingsThe study results suggest that innovation-efficiency linkage varies between countries and sectors. Innovations significantly raise output and cost efficiency of Indian manufacturing firms, whereas innovations in Chinese manufacturing firms are cost-oriented and negatively affect output efficiency. For the service firms of both countries, innovations are significantly positively linked with output and cost efficiency. The study also suggests that R&D acts as a crucial moderator for innovation-efficiency linkage for Chinese manufacturing firms but not for Indian firms, and the interaction effects of innovations are not substantially higher in magnitude than their individual effects. Finally, conditional PSM results suggest knowledge spillover for effective innovations of Indian firms, whereas R&D is a must for substantial innovation-efficiency linkage in Chinese firms.Originality/valueThis study offers quite a few crucial policy decisions concerning the relationship between innovation and efficiency as well as the moderation effect of R&D on innovation-efficiency linkage. It concludes that the effects of innovation on firms' efficiency and the role of R&D as a moderator of the innovation-efficiency relationship differ between India and China across the manufacturing and service sectors.
Testing Malthusian's and Kremer's population theories in developing economy
Authors: Azam Muhammad , Khan Haider Nawaz , Khan Farah 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThis study aims to test the Malthusian and Kremer theories by exploring the relationship between population and economic growth in a low middle-income economy of India.Design/methodology/approachThe autoregressive distributed lag approach is employed based on the nature of time-series data to achieve the study objectives. In this study, regressand is economic growth measured by real GDP, and the regressors are population growth rate, investment, life expectancy and inflation rate from 1980 to 2018.FindingsEmpirical results confirm the applicability of Kremer’s theory. In this theory, population growth has a significant and positive impact on economic growth in the short and long run. Moreover, investment and life expectancy variables have a positive and significant impact on economic growth, whereas inflation rate has a negative association with economic growth. Empirical results support the population-growth-driven economic growth hypothesis, which indicates that population growth stimulates economic growth and development.Practical implicationsEmpirical findings in this study provide guides for management authorities in formulating the right and relatable policies on population growth whilst promoting economic growth and social welfare.Originality/valueAchieving a desirable level of economic growth is the prime objective of every country. The role of the population in the process of economic growth and development cannot be overlooked. Malthus' and Kremer's views are opposite. Extant literature exhibits that scant research has been carried out on this significant topic in developing countries. Therefore, empirically investigating the effect of population on the growth performance of India as a developing country is necessary and will significantly contribute to the literature.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at:https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-08-2019-0496
Fracture mechanics testing and crack propagation modelling in polypropylene pipes
Authors: Barsoum Imad , Almansoori Hamda , Almazrouei Aaesha Ahmed , Gunister Ebru 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThe main aim of this study is to determine the fracture toughness and accordingly to predict the fracture initiation, crack propagation and mode of crack extension accurately in polypropylene subsea pipes subjected to internal pressure.Design/methodology/approachTensile test was performed following the ISO 527–1 standard. An elastic-plastic constitutive model was developed based on the tensile test results, and it is implemented in the FEA model to describe the constitutive behaviour of the polypropylene material. Three-point bend tests with linear-elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) approach were conducted following ISO-13586 standard, from which the average fracture toughness of the polypropylene pipe material in crack-opening mode was found as KIc = 3.3 MPa√m. A numerical model of the experiments is developed based on the extended finite element method (XFEM), which showed markedly good agreement with the experimental results.FindingsThe validated XFEM modelling approach is utilised to illustrate its capabilities in predicting fracture initiation and crack propagation in a polypropylene subsea pipe subjected to an internal pressure containing a semi-elliptical surface crack, which agrees well with existing analytical solutions. The XFEM model is capable of predicting the crack initiation and propagation in the polypropylene pipe up to the event of leakage.Originality/valueThe methodology proposed herein can be utilised to assess the structural integrity and resistance to fracture of subsea plastic pipes subjected to operational loads (e.g. internal pressure).
Online shopping cart abandonment: a consumer mindset perspective
Authors: Rubin Daniel , Martins Chrissy , Ilyuk Veronika , Hildebrand Diogo 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
While the popularity of online shopping has increased in recent years, surprisingly little research has examined the factors affecting consumers’ behavior in this context. Furthermore, though a widespread problem for companies, the phenomenon of online shopping cart abandonment has garnered even less attention. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of consumers’ mindsets in online shopping cart abandonment.

Design/methodology/approach
Three experimental studies were conducted to examine the effect of consumer mindsets (i.e. abstract vs concrete) on purchase intentions.

Findings
Results indicate that consumers who have an abstract (as opposed to concrete) mindset when shopping online rate the products they include in their shopping carts to be more important, and consequently are more likely to purchase them, reducing shopping cart abandonment.

Practical implications
The findings suggest that online retailers can reduce shopping cart abandonment by implementing strategies that allow consumers to think abstractly.

Originality/value
This research contributes to the literature by identifying an important underlying mechanism affecting online shopping cart abandonment.
Securing intellectual capital: an exploratory study in Australian universities
Authors: Bongiovanni Ivano , Renaud Karen , Cairns George 
Published: March 2020

PurposeTo investigate the links between IC and the protection of data, information and knowledge in universities, as organizations with unique knowledge-relatedfociand challenges.Design/methodology/approachThe authors gathered insights from existing IC-related research publications to delineate key foundational aspects of IC, identify and propose links to traditional information security that impact the protection of IC. They conducted interviews with key stakeholders in Australian universities in order to validate these links.FindingsThe authors’ investigation revealed two kinds of embeddedness characterizing the organizational fabric of universities: (1) vertical and (2) horizontal, with an emphasis on the connection between these and IC-related knowledge protection within these institutions.Research limitations/implicationsThere is a need to acknowledge the different roles played by actors within the university and the relevance of information security to IC-related preservation.Practical implicationsFraming information security as an IC-related issue can help IT security managers communicate the need for knowledge security with executives in higher education, and secure funding to preserve and secure such IC-related knowledge, once its value is recognized.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies to explore the connections between data and information security and the three core components of IC's knowledge security in the university context.
Revamping the academic library use data capabilities: the Greek library science postgraduates’ perspective
Authors: Sant-Geronikolou Stavroula , Kouis Dimitris 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
As universities advance towards a new data-informed, intra-institutional collaboration paradigm, new roles and services are continuously added to academic library routines. This changing context that exerts considerable stress upon library organizations to prove their value and contributions to student progress is leading the community to start questioning the utility, scope and prospects of patron data collection practices. The study sought library science postgraduate students’ viewpoints about the adequacy and utility of current library use data collection practices in Greek academic libraries. It also aimed to investigate the value, relevance and priority of the integration of library usage data with the rest of university information systems (e.g. learning analytics) along with associated practical and ethical considerations, and advocacy aspects.

Design/methodology/approach
Mixed-methods, Web-based survey distributed to postgraduate students during a seminar designed to familiarize them with trends in academic library use data capabilities.

Findings
Participants acknowledged that neither policies nor procedures are currently adequate to expand and interconnect their data pools to campus information systems. They were opposed to disclosing personally identifiable patron activity data to faculty, while their opinions were divided as to the use of student activity monitoring technology. Nevertheless, they made several comments on how to mitigate the community's considerations around the implementation of this new data management philosophy in the library and were optimistic about the benefits this development could entail for library visibility and student progress.

Originality/value
Results of this first-time research in the Greek higher education context, revelatory of potential road blockers to upgrading the library use data collection practices, can be of significant value to both curricula developers and university decision-makers who seek ways to prepare the ground for the successful implementation of new operations.
The cross-market efficiency of the Italian derivatives market
Authors: El Kalak Izidin , Hudson Robert 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
This study aims to examine the cross-market efficiency of the FTSE/MIB index options contracts traded on the Italian derivatives market (IDEM) during a period including the financial crisis between 1st October 2007 and 31st December 2012 using daily option prices.

Design/methodology/approach
Two fundamental no-arbitrage conditions were tested: the lower boundary condition (LBC) and the put–call parity (PCP) condition while taking into account the role of transaction costs in mitigating the number of violations reported. Ex post tests of LBC and PCP revealed a low incidence of mispricing in this market. Furthermore, to check the robustness of the results obtained by the ex post tests, ex ante tests were applied to PCP violations occurring within a one-day lag.

Findings
The results showed a significant drop in the number of profitable arbitrage strategies. The findings obtained from all these tests generally support the cross-market efficiency of the Italian index options market during the sample period, though some violations were occasionally reported. Overall, the number and monetary value of the violations reported declined during the post-financial crisis period compared to those during the financial crisis period.

Research limitations/implications
This study can be extended to test the relationships between arbitrage profitability and other factors such as the moneyness (in the money, out of the money, at the money) of options and the maturity of options. Options market efficiency tests can be conducted such as call and put spreads, box spreads and put/call convexities (butterfly spreads).

Originality/value
There are several factors that influenced the decision to test the Italian index options market. First, the limited number of studies conducted on this market. Second, the fact that the two main studies on this market are relatively old, which makes it interesting to test the efficiency of this market with respect to a new set of data, taking into account the introduction of the Euro and the impact of the recent financial crisis on this market and whether the market efficiency hypothesis holds during the period of crisis. Third, it is important to consider the effect of the new rules applied to this market.
Impact of board characteristics on governance, environmental and ethical disclosure
Authors: Khaireddine Hanen , Salhi Bassem , Aljabr Jabr , Jarboui Anis 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate how board characteristics impact the governance, environmental and ethics disclosure. Board characteristics such as board size, gender diversity, board independence, CEO/chair duality and board meeting are included.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on a sample of 82 companies listed in the SBF120 between 2012 and 2017. A number of econometric techniques are used such as generalized least squares to test the panel regressions.FindingsBoard independence, board gender diversity and board meetings have a positive and significant influence on governance, environmental and ethics disclosure. Board size is positively and significantly associated only with corporate environmental disclosure. The adoption of Global Reporting Initiatives (GRI, G4) has not affected or biased the corporate governance (CG), environmental and ethics disclosure.Originality/valueThis study adds to the literature on management reporting behavior and ethics and contributes to the extant CG literature by offering new evidence on the disclosure of good CG practices as well as environmental and ethics behavior. This study offers new insights about the potential influence of board characteristics on such specific disclosure practices focusing “during the optional period of GRI4 and after their mandatory adoption”.
A study on MEMS vector hydrophone and its orientation algorithm
Authors: Shang Zhenzhen , Zhang Wendong , Zhang Guojun , Zhang Xiaoyong , Zhang Lansheng , Wang Renxin 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
The problem of port and starboard ambiguity will exist when only utilize the vector or scalar parameters. Meanwhile, the amplitude-phase error between the vector and scalar can also cause this problem. In this paper, a compound MEMS vector hydrophone which contains cilia vector microstructure and piezoelectric ceramic tube has been presented to solve the problem. Compared with traditional MEMS vector hydrophone, the compound MEMS vector hydrophone can realize the measurement of sound pressure and vibration velocity simultaneously.

Design/methodology/approach
A compound MEMS vector hydrophone has been presented. The unipolar directivity of the combined signal which combine the acoustic pressure and vibration velocity is used to achieve the direction of arrival (DOA). This paper introduced the working principle and the target detection mechanism of the compound vector hydrophone. The amplitude and phase error are analyzed and corrected in the standing wave tube. After that, the authors use beam-forming algorithm to estimate the DOA.

Findings
The experimental results in the standing wave tube and the external field verified the vector hydrophone's directional accuracy up to 1 and 5 degrees, respectively.

Practical implications
The research of compound vector hydrophone plays an important role in marine acoustic exploration and engineering applications.

Originality/value
This research provides a basis for MEMS hydrophone directivity theory. The compound vector hydrophone has been applied in the underwater location, with a huge market potential in underwater detection systems.