bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elucidation of the Mechanisms and Molecular Targets of Qishen Yiqi Formula for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension using a Bioinformatics/Network Topology-based Strategy
Authors: Wu Peiliang , Xie Xiaona , Chen Mayun , Sun Junwei , Cai Luqiong , Wei Jinqiu , Yang Lin , Huang Xiaoying , Wang Liangxing 
Published: October 2020

Background and Objective:
Qishen Yiqi formula (QSYQ) is used to treat cardiovascular disease in the clinical
practice of traditional Chinese medicine. However, few studies have explored whether QSYQ affects pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and the mechanisms of action and molecular targets of QSYQ for the treatment of PAH are unclear. A
bioinformatics/network topology-based strategy was used to identify the bioactive ingredients, putative targets, and molecular mechanisms of QSYQ in PAH.

Methods:
A network pharmacology-based strategy was employed by integrating active component gathering, target prediction, PAH gene collection, network topology, and gene enrichment analysis to systematically explore the multicomponent
synergistic mechanisms.

Results:
In total, 107 bioactive ingredients of QSYQ and 228 ingredient targets were identified. Moreover, 234 PAH-related
differentially expressed genes with a |fold change| >2 and an adjusted P value < 0.005 were identified between the PAH patient and control groups, and 266 therapeutic targets were identified. The pathway enrichment analysis indicated that 85
pathways, including the PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and HIF-1 signaling pathways, were significantly enriched. TP53 was the core
target gene, and 7 other top genes (MAPK1, RELA, NFKB1, CDKN1A, AKT1, MYC, and MDM2) were the key genes in
the gene-pathway network based on the effects of QSYQ on PAH.

Conclusion:
An integrative investigation based on network pharmacology may elucidate the multicomponent synergistic
mechanisms of QSYQ in PAH and lay a foundation for further animal experiments, human clinical trials and rational clinical applications of QSYQ.
Microwave-assisted Synthesis of Novel Pyrazole Derivatives and their Biological Evaluation as Anti-Bacterial Agents
Authors: Khodadad Hadis , Hatamjafari Farhad , Pourshamsian Khalil , Sadeghi Babak 
Published: October 2020

Aim and Objective:
Microwave-assisted condensation of acetophenone 1 and aromatic
aldehydes 2 gave chalcone analogs 3, which were cyclized to pyrazole derivatives 6a-f via the
reaction with hydrazine hydrate and oxalic acid in the presence of the catalytic amount of acetic
acid in ethanol.

Materials and Methods:
The structural features of the synthesized compounds were characterized
by melting point, FT-IR, 1H, 13C NMR and elemental analysis.

Results:
The antibacterial activities of the synthesized pyrazoles were evaluated against three
gram-positive bacteria, such as Enterococcus durans, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and
two gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium.

Conclusion:
All the synthesized pyrazoles showed relatively high antibacterial activity against S. aureus strain and none of
them demonstrated antibacterial activity against E. coli.
The Effects of Herbal Medicines on Women Sexual Dysfunction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Molkara Tahereh , Motavasselian Maliheh , Akhlaghi Farideh , Ramezani Mohammad Arash , Naghedi Baghdar Hamideh , Ghazanfari Seyed Majid , Salari Roshanak 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Sexual health plays an important role in women’s health and quality of life.
Sexual health management is a prerequisite for physical and psychological health of women. Sexual
desire, arousal, and orgasm are three factors of female sexual response.

Objectives:
This study aimed at the evaluation of the studies focusing on herbal medicine on women's
sexual function and the assessment of its effectiveness.

Methods:
So far, many different methods have been known for the treatment of female sexual dysfunction,
however, none of them are not efficacious therapy.

Results:
Generally, the use of herbal medicine is a safe and effective therapeutic method in the treatment
of women with sexual dysfunction.

Conclusion:
The role of herbal and nutritional supplementation in female sexual function has attracted
researchers’ interest in recent years.
An Overview of the Treatment Contributions Measured Globally for the COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Naz Sheikh Saba , Munir Iqra 
Published: October 2020

Background:
SARS CoV2 is a newly emerged animal beta coronavirus that causes respiratory
illness. This infection has affected 212 countries to date and has been declared a pandemic by the
World Health Organization. Due to the high transmission rate and lack of availability of any approved
anti-viral drug, the formulation of a specific anti-viral therapy has now become a global emergency. Genomic
studies have revealed a 79% identity of SARS CoV2 with SARS CoV and 50% identity with
MERS CoV, which has given a clue point to test the drugs that were efficient against previously encountered
beta coronaviruses. For this purpose, several clinical trials based on the knowledge of existing
drugs are moving ahead. These therapies include chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, corticosteroids
therapy, favipiravir, ribavirin, lopinavir/ritonavir, anti-cytokine therapy, and convalescent
sera.

Aim of the study:
The purpose of this review is to give a pointer of contributions conducted globally,
including strategies utilized for treatments, the pattern of dosage, adverse reactions, and effective outcomes
from different drugs.

Methodology:
Literature has been retrieved from PubMed, PubMed Central, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect,
and Google Scholar, using a combination of keywords for extensive information.

Conclusion:
Among all the drug options, Remdesivir and the use of Convalescent Sera have been considered
as the safest options for treatment against COVID-19. Data from the ongoing clinical trials will
be required for the formulation of a specific and approved anti-viral drug.
A Digital Program (Hope) for People Living With Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wright Hayley , Martin Faith , Clyne Wendy , Clark Cain C T , McGillion Michael , Matouskova Gabriela , Turner Andrew 
Published: October 2020

Background
During the COVID-19 lockdown period in the United Kingdom that began on March 23, 2020, more than a quarter of a million people with cancer reported worsening mental health. Help to Overcome Problems Effectively (Hope) is a self-management program for people with cancer, designed to provide support for distress, unmet needs, and poor psychological health. In light of social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic, digital delivery of the Hope Programme has become ever more vital for people with cancer. Previous pre-post studies of the digital Hope Programme have found reduced anxiety and depression and improved well-being for people with cancer. However, evaluation of this evidence has been limited by the lack of a control group in these previous studies.

Objective
We now present a protocol for a feasibility randomized controlled trial of the digital Hope Programme for people with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic. Primary outcomes will be recruitment, dropout, and adherence rates, and estimations of sample and effect size. To detect signals of efficacy, secondary outcomes will be participant mental health and well-being.

Methods
Participants will be recruited by Macmillan Cancer Support (MCS) through their social media networks. The study will employ a feasibility wait-list randomized controlled trial (RCT) design, with people with cancer being randomized to join the digital Hope Programme immediately (intervention group [IG]) or join a 6-week waiting list (wait-list control group [WLCG]) with a 1:1 allocation ratio. Participants will complete digital measures of depression, anxiety, mental well-being, and confidence in managing their own health. Online questionnaires will be administered preprogram and 6 weeks postprogram.

Results
All people who had requested access to the Hope Programme from MCS (N=61) will be invited to participate in the trial. Baseline data collection commenced in April 2020, and the Hope Programme began for the IG in May 2020 and for the WLCG in June 2020. Postprogram data collection was completed by the end of August 2020.

Conclusions
This feasibility study will provide data to inform the design of a future definitive trial. Wider-scale provision of the digital Hope Programme has potential to improve the lives of thousands of people with cancer and reduce the burden on health care providers during these unprecedented times.

Trial Registration
ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN79623250; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN79623250

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/24264
Auszug aus Ägypten - zum Claudius Jucker in München
Authors: Willers Dietrich 
Published: October 2020

Der Übergang des lange in Bern befindlichen Claudiusporträts in den Besitz der Münchner Glyptothek gibt Anlass zu zwei Bemerkungen. Der bisher vertretenen Ansicht, das Werk entstamme einer Werkstatt Ägyptens, wird widersprochen und stattdessen eine Herkunft aus Kleinasien favorisiert. Indizien sprechen für die Wiederverwendung eines ursprünglichen Caligulaporträts. The transfer of the Portrait of Claudius, who had for a long time been in Bern, into the property of the Glyptothek in Munich gives occasion to two remarks. The opinion hold until now, that the oeuvre was produced in an atelier in Egypt, is objected. Instead, an origin in Asia Minor is favored. Evidence points to a reutilization of a former portrait of Caligula.
STABILITY-INDICATING METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE ESTIMATION OF ROSUVASTATIN CALCIUM IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM BY REVERSE PHASE-HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: PIMPALE AWDHUT , KAKDE RAJENDRA 
Published: October 2020

Objective: The present work was focused on the development and validation of the reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method, which is simple, rapid, precise, accurate, sensitive, economical, and stability-indicating for the quantification of rosuvastatin calcium in bulk and tablet formulation.
Methods: The separation was attained on reversed-phase Princeton (C18) column with dimensions (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5μ) employing buffer, which is a mixture of water (pH 3.0, adjusted with orthophosphoric acid) and methanol in the ratio (20:80) v/v as mobile phase, at flow rate 1.0 ml/min. and detection was carried out at wavelength 240 nm. The retention time under the optimized condition of rosuvastatin calcium was found to be 2.844 min.
Results: The linearity of the method was demonstrated in the concentration range of 6-16 µg/ml for rosuvastatin calcium with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9999. The percentage relative standard deviation was ˂2% and percentage recovery was found to be 100.12-101.37% for rosuvastatin calcium. The assay of marketed tablet formulations was found to be 98.99%.
Conclusion: The developed RP-HPLC technique was found to be simple, specific, sensitive, rapid, linear, accurate, precise, and economical and will be used for regular quality control of rosuvastatin calcium in bulk and tablet formulations.
The Representation of Women and Racialized Minorities as Expert Sources On-Air in Canadian Public Affairs Television
Authors: Cukier Wendy , Jackson Samantha , Gagnon Suzanne 
Published: October 2020

Background Research shows that women and racialized minorities are misrepresented and underrepresented across popular media. To date, however, limited attention has been given to the representation of these groups as expert news sources within Canadian television.Analysis This study conducts an analysis of three public affairs shows aired by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and the Ontario Educational Communications Authority over a four-month period, cataloguing the gender and racialized minority status of 737 on-air guests.Conclusions & implications The findings show that women and racialized minorities are underrepresented, with racialized minority women being particularly disadvantaged.
Modern Political Participation Online vs Offline: New Opportunities — Previous Activity?
Authors: Kaminchenko D. I. 
Published: October 2020

The paper is devoted to the study of the features of political participation in the modern information society. In the context of the rapid digitalization of the political space, the analysis of existing and emerging forms of political participation is of particular relevance.The aim of the paper is to study the impact of an individual’s internal attitudes on his/her willingness to participate in socially significant events, both online and offline. The influence of internal attitudes of individuals is considered in the paper through the prism of two factors: the perception of social media as the main channel for the expression of civic interests (perception factor) and people’s attitude to the idea of the possibility of a single political leader appearing in social media space (leadership factor).Poll among students was chosen as the main applied research method, since students are an active users of modern social media.The poll results show that almost half of active users of social media are ready to participate in social processes both online and offline. In addition, the vast majority of respondents perceive the Internet platforms of modern social media as the main channel and mechanism for expressing civic activity. The poll results also showed that half of active users deny the possibility of a single political leader appearing in the social media space (although there is a large proportion of those who, on the contrary, agree with this idea — more than a third of all respondents). Cross-analysis of the poll data confirmed the assumption indicated in the work, according to which the individuals perception of social media as a communicative channel effective for the purpose of civic participation, contributes to their readiness to participate in socially significant events online. At the same time, the study of the impact of the leadership factor on individuals’ readiness for various forms of political participation did not form an unambiguous opinion on the nature of this impact and requires further study. This study demonstrates that activity in social media does not contribute to the socio-political passivity of their users.
Principals’ Priorities and Values – Twenty-five Years of Compulsory School Principalship in Iceland
Authors: Hansen Friðgeir Börkur , Lárusdóttir Steinunn Helga 
Published: October 2020

This paper reports on a study of compulsory school principals conducted in 2017. It focuses on principals’ values, both ethical and management related, and their actual and desirable prioritization of important tasks. Data was gathered with a questionnaire which was sent to all Icelandic school principals, 162 individuals in total. The response rate was 69%. The findings show that 94% of the principals say they highly emphasize the ethical values care, equality, democracy, autonomy, tolerance and justice. These ethical values, however, do not seem to impact task prioritization. This indicates that the principals may not have a clear picture of their own value base in the way that scholars have advocated for. The emphasis the principals place on management related values is more variable. It is therefore uncertain to what extent values guide them in their everyday practice.
An Effective Way to Prevent Depressurization of Carboxyperitoneum and Extraperitoneal Insufflation During Simultaneous Laparoscopic Interventions
Authors: Abdulzhalilov M. K. , Abdulzhalilov A. M. , Imanaliyev M. R. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT. Laparoscopic simultaneous surgery (LSS) in patients with multisystem abdominal organs lesion is accompanied by ports’ re-installation for subsequent surgical intervention. Preserved trocar wounds (PTWs) pass carbon dioxide from the abdominal cavity, increasing its consumption and causing depressurization of the carboxyperitoneum. The incidence of extraperitoneal insufflation during laparoscopy varies from 0.43 to 2% (I.V. Vartanova et al., 2016). The presence of many methods of sealing PTWs indicates their inefficiency.AIM OF STUDY. To develop an easy-to-use, more reliable and effective way of sealing PTWs.RESULTS. As a result, a comparative evaluation of known methods of sealing PTWs, we have developed an easy-to-use, more reliable and effective way of sealing PTWs «Method for sealing punctures of the abdominal wall after removing the trocar during a laparoscopic surgery» (patent RF for the invention № 2621121).DISCUSSION. This method was performed in 55 patients, in all cases it provided reliable PTWs tightness, allowed maintaining stable carboxyperitoneum during laparoscopic interventions, without increasing carbon dioxide consumption, which reduced the cost of LSS and prevented the development of both intraand postoperative complications. The uniqueness of this method is that PTW is sealed from the side of the abdominal cavity, preventing carbon dioxide from penetrating into either the preperitoneal or subcutaneous tissue.CONCLUSION. An increase in the number of patients with combined surgical pathology necessitates the use of the developed method for sealing punctures when moving trocars and neutralizing sub- and postoperative complications. In addition, this method allows to reduce carbon dioxide consumption.
Takotsubo Syndrome in a Patient With a Malignant Tumor of the Kidney
Authors: Rutkovskaya N. V. , Lazarenko Y. N. , Shtin S. R. , Samoylov A. S. , Sotnikov A. V. , Praskurnichy E. A. , Parinov O. V. , Udalov Y. D. 
Published: October 2020

RELEVANCE. The increasing availability of invasive methods for assessing the coronary vessels contributes to the growth in the diagnosis of myocardial damage in intact coronary arteries. One of the least studied diseases that mimic the course of myocardial infarction is Takotsubo syndrome, which quite often remains undiagnosed in real clinical practice. The medical and economic significance of this disease is determined by the high risk of developing life-threatening complications and the need to provide emergency specialized medical care.AIM OF STUDY. The paper presents an analytical review of scientific medical literature from the perspective of illustrating modern concepts of the most common risk factors, etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of Takotsubo syndrome. A clinical observation of a patient with verified secondary Takotsubo syndrome against a malignant neoplasm of the kidney is also presented.CONCLUSIONS. For a detailed understanding of the potential mechanisms for the development of Takotsubo syndrome, determining the most informative methods for its diagnosis, developing effective strategies for providing medical care and criteria for long-term prognosis, further large-scale studies are needed. Raising the level of awareness of doctors about Takotsubo syndrome, in turn, will allow timely detection of this disease, which will improve the prognosis for patients and minimize the economic costs of treatment. The exclusion of the possibility of overdiagnosis will also help determine the true prevalence of this disease.
Lernen im Dialog – Beschreibung und Analyse von Schülerdialogen beim Lösen eines Problems in einer Lerndyade
Authors: Beck Erwin , Baer Matthias , Bachmann Thomas , Guldimann Titus , Niedermann Ruth , Zutavern Michael 
Published: October 2020

In der folgenden Studie wurden Dialoge untersucht, in denen zwei Schüler oder Schülerinnen ohne Hilfe einer steuernden und korrigierenden Lehrkraft gemeinsam versuchten, ein Problem zu lösen. Das Ziel, eine Alltagsfrage wie “Warum schwimmt ein Eisenschiff?” zu beantworten, weist den Weg zur Lösung des physikalischen Problems . Was im Dialog über das aufgerufene Sachproblem an Erfahrungen, Lösungsideen und Fragen zwischen den beiden Lernpartnern ausgelöst wird, macht die Fruchtbarkeit solcher Situationen aus. In einer repräsentativen Studie mit über 400 Schülerinnen und Schülern aus 20 Klassen des 8. Schuljahres wurden solche Dialoge zu einer physikalischen und zu einer eher sprachlichen Problemstellung untersucht. Hier war das Ziel, Rahmenbedingungen zu analysierern, die beitragen, dass Dialoge mehr oder weniger lernförderlich verlaufen. Es konnten z.B. geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede und die Bedeutung des Vorwissens nachgewiesen werden.
Bei einer kleineren Stichprobe von 31 Dialogpaaren wurden die Äusserungen der Gespräche unter die Lupe genommen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten unter anderem, dass beim Lösen eines sprachlichen Problems eher die Fähigkeit zum Steuern eine Rolle spielt, bei der naturwissenschaftlichen Aufgabe die Vielfalt des sachlichen Vorwissens und “kreatives Abschweifen” helfen. Daraus lassen sich Folgerungen für das kooperative Lernen und die didaktische Bedeutung von Lernpartnerschaften ableiten. Ebenfalls thematisieren lässt sich die Bedeutung des Dialogs im gegenwärtigen Schulunterricht.
Are there just two people in a dyad? Dyadic configurations in multiparty family conversations
Authors: Pirchio Sabine , Pontecorvo Claudia , Sterponi Laura 
Published: October 2020

Dyadic interaction does not necessarily imply that just two people are present. It is often possible to single out episodes of dyadic interaction in multiparty contexts that we analyse, such as family dinner table conversation. Within such a speech event, multiparty participation framework (variously organized) is the default conversational structure. Consequently, a groundwork(Goffman, 1964) is required for participants to gain space and exclusivity for a dyadic exchange.
This paper shows how dyadic framework is made out of the multiparty default interactional structure of a family dinner. Furthermore, we analyze the resources participants deploy to protect the dyadic exchange from anothers intrusion and/or by the risk of desertion of one member of the dyad. Young and older children actively participate in that activity and learn to manage it through diverse dyadic settings. It is not the number of participants that unequivocally determines whether an interaction is dyadic or multiparty. Varying and complex participation frameworks, alliances, and challenges are built and transformed within family dinner conversation; it is in their locus of the interactive organization of ongoing activity in which children are socialized to a complex socio-cognitive activity.
Le Grand Conseil genevois et l’accès aux études des enfants des classes populaires 1885-1961
Authors: Magnin Charles 
Published: October 2020

Cet article trace l’histoire de l’exigence d’égalité des chances de réussite scolaire au sein du parlement genevois de 1885 à 1977. Quant à la facilitation de l’accès à l’instruction des enfants pauvres, c’est d’abord une parfaite bonne conscience démocratique qui a prévalu, combinée bientôt avec un malthusianisme de combat concernant l’accès aux professions libérales.
C’est principalement le parti socialiste qui a mené la bataille pour une politique ayant pour enjeu l’instauration de «l’école unique», dont il attendait qu’elle modifie en profondeur la composition sociale de l’élite. Le cours de cette bataille a changé quand des experts ont montré à la majorité parlementaire que l’école genevoise n’était pas aussi démocratique qu’elle le pensait, et surtout quand le malthusianisme qu’on a dit engendra une «pénurie de cadres» vivement déplorée. La droite et le centre firent alors ce que la gauche espérait, mais avec de tout autres mobiles. La lutte pour l’égalisation des chances de réussite scolaire entrait ainsi dans l’âge de l’ambiguïté.