bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
History of chemical mineralogy in Russia (1740-1790)
Authors: Sokolova O A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Until the end of the XVIII century, mineralogy as an independent science did not exist. Mineralogy, in essence, was called the science of ore deposits in its modern sense. Then, there was no clear definition of the term "mineral." This concept included not only minerals in the proper sense of the word, but also ores, rocks, and fossils. Due to the low general level of knowledge by the middle of the XVIII century, there was no information on the chemical composition of minerals. Of all the chemical elements in the time of Lomonosov (until 1765), only 17 were known: carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, zinc, arsenic, silver, tin, antimony, platinum, gold, mercury, lead and bismuth. Later, until 1790, 11 more chemical elements were discovered: nitrogen, oxygen, chlorine, manganese, barium, molybdenum, tungsten, tellurium, hydrogen, zirconium, uranium. Lomonosov laid the chemical study of minerals using qualitative and primitive quantitative analyzes. Along with chemical analyzes, physical experiments were carried out to study minerals. The scientist had the idea of synthesizing minerals, artificially obtaining salts, a number of ore and other minerals. Thanks to the efforts of Lomonosov, the first scientific chemical laboratory was built and opened in St. Petersburg. Scientists covered various issues of mineral formation, including deposition methods and sources of mineral matter, and paragenetic associations of minerals.
Chloroquine- and Hydroxychloroquine–Induced Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report and Brief Literature Review
Authors: Nadeem Urooba , Raafey Muhammad , Kim Gene , Treger Jerermy , Pytel Peter , N Husain Aliya , Schulte Jefree J 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To present an index case and review the histologic and electron microscopic findings in chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) myopathy, focusing primarily on cardiomyopathy. CQ and HCQ are antimalarial drugs with disease-modifying activity in rheumatic diseases (DMARD) and now are among the most widely used DMARDs. Although they are rare, severe adverse effects caused mainly by deposition of intracellular metabolites in both cardiac and skeletal muscle have been described. Currently, both CQ and HCQ have been proposed to have efficacy for patients with coronavirus disease 2019, and several large centers in the United States and other countries have started clinical trials.

Methods
A case of HCQ cardiotoxicity diagnosed on an endomyocardial biopsy is presented. A review of the pathology archives was performed to identify additional cases of CQ or HCQ myopathy, and histologic changes were recorded. A brief literature review with an emphasis on pathologic findings in myopathies was performed.

Results
Including the index case, 4 cases of CQ or HCQ myopathy were identified. Light microscopic findings included vacuolated myopathy, and electron microscopic findings included myeloid bodies and curvilinear inclusion bodies.

Conclusion
CQ and HCQ myopathy can present following long-term administration of the drug. The pathologic findings are nonspecific and overlap with other vacuolated myopathies, necessitating careful correlation of the histologic changes with the patient’s medical history.
Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors and Insights from Biomarker Measurement in Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Ibrahim Nasrien E , Januzzi James L 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Several large trials have demonstrated cardiac benefits in patients with and without established cardiovascular disease treated with sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). Most recently, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), the risk of worsening HF or cardiovascular death was lower among those who received dapagliflozin than among those who received placebo, regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes. Biomarkers may provide insight into understanding the mechanism of cardiovascular benefit observed in patients receiving SLGT2i. Several mechanisms have been proposed, including improvement in ventricular unloading due to the natriuretic effects, afterload reduction via reduction in blood pressure and improvement in vascular function, improvement in cardiac metabolism and bioenergetics, and reduction in cardiac fibrosis and necrosis, among others.

Content
We discuss several animal and human studies on the effect of SGLT2i on various biomarkers. Modest reduction or blunting of rise over time in concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide, B-type natriuretic peptide, and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide and reduction in high-sensitivity troponin has been observed in patients receiving SLGT2i. Concentrations of biomarkers such as sST2 and galectin-3 have been unchanged whereas inflammatory markers such as fibronectin 1, interleukin-6, matrix metalloproteinase 7, and tumor necrosis factor-1 are decreased with SGLT2i therapy.

Summary
The effect of SLGT2i on various circulating biomarkers allows insight into the understanding of mechanisms of cardiovascular benefits with SGLT2i use. Further studies are needed to understand such mechanisms and to understand how biomarkers can be used for risk prediction and personalization of care in patients receiving SLGT2i.
Long-term outcomes of robotic-assisted versus thoraco-laparoscopic McKeown esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: a propensity score-matched study
Authors: Xu Yang , Li Xiao-Kun , Cong Zhuang-Zhuang , Zhou Hai , Wu Wen-Jie , Qiang Yong , Yi Jun , Shen Yi 
Published: November 2020

Summary
The long-term outcomes of robotic-assisted McKeown esophagectomy (RAME) compared to thoraco-laparoscopic McKeown esophagectomy (TLME) for the patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the number of dissected lymph nodes and long-term survival between RAME and TLME using a propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis. A total of 721 patients undergoing minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy at our department from February 2015 to October 2019 were analyzed, including 310 patients in RAME group and 411 in TLME group. The exact numbers of lymph nodes including those among thoracic and abdominal categories as well as those along the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) were all recorded. PSM analysis was applied to generate matched pairs for further comparison. All patients with R0 resection were followed with a strict follow-up period which range from 1 to 56 months. The effect of lymphadenectomy was compared between all patients in unmatched and matched groups. Long-term outcomes consisting of overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and recurrence rate (including regional recurrence rate, systemic recurrence rate and mediastinal lymph nodes recurrence rate) were compared in R0 resection patients. Finally, 292 patients were identified for each cohort after PSM. RAME was found to yield significantly more left RLN lymph nodes (mean: 2.27 ± 0.90 vs. 2.09 ± 0.79; P = 0.011) and more thoracic lymph nodes (mean: 12.60 ± 4.22 vs. 11.83 ± 3.12, P = 0.012) compared with TLME after PSM analysis. There was no significant difference in the OS and DFS between the RAME and TLME group. Besides, total recurrences were recognized in 33 (11.7%) patients in the RAME group and 36 (12.9%) in the TLME group (P = 0.676). The mediastinal lymph nodes recurrence rate in the RAME group was tended to be lower than that in the TLME group (2.5% vs. 5.4%, P = 0.079). Therefore, RAME might be an alternative approach for the treatment of ESCC with more lymph nodes dissected and similar long-term survival outcomes compared to TLME.
Prognostic value of peak stress cardiac power in patients with normal ejection fraction undergoing exercise stress echocardiography
Authors: Anand Vidhu , Kane Garvan C , Scott Christopher G , Pislaru Sorin V , Adigun Rosalyn O , McCully Robert B , Pellikka Patricia A , Pislaru Cristina 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Aims
Cardiac power is a measure of cardiac performance that incorporates both pressure and flow components. Prior studies have shown that cardiac power predicts outcomes in patients with reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF). We sought to evaluate the prognostic significance of peak exercise cardiac power and power reserve in patients with normal EF.

Methods and results
We performed a retrospective analysis in 24 885 patients (age 59 ± 13 years, 45% females) with EF ≥50% and no significant valve disease or right ventricular dysfunction, undergoing exercise stress echocardiography between 2004 and 2018. Cardiac power and power reserve (developed power with stress) were normalized to LV mass and expressed in W/100 g of LV myocardium. Endpoints at follow-up were all-cause mortality and diagnosis of heart failure (HF). Patients in the higher quartiles of power/mass (rest, peak stress, and power reserve) were younger and had higher peak blood pressure and heart rate, lower LV mass, and lower prevalence of comorbidities. During follow-up [median 3.9 (0.6–8.3) years], 929 patients died. After adjusting for age, sex, metabolic equivalents (METs) achieved, ischaemia/infarction on stress test results, medication, and comorbidities, peak stress power/mass was independently associated with mortality [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), highest vs. lowest quartile, 0.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4–0.6, P &lt; 0.001] and HF at follow-up [adjusted HR, highest vs. lowest quartile, 0.4, 95% CI (0.3, 0.5), P &lt; 0.001]. Power reserve showed similar results.

Conclusion
The assessment of cardiac power during exercise stress echocardiography in patients with normal EF provides valuable prognostic information, in addition to stress test findings on inducible myocardial ischaemia and exercise capacity.
Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Physical Resilience in Older Adults: The Seniors-ENRICA Cohort
Authors: Sotos-Prieto Mercedes , Ortolá Rosario , López-García Esther , Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando , García-Esquinas Esther 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
No prior studies have studied the association between diet and physical resilience, thus our aim was to assess the association between the adherence to the Mediterranean diet and other healthy dietary patterns and physical resilience, assessed empirically as a trajectory through exposure to chronic and acute stressors, in older adults participating in the Seniors-ENRICA (The Study on Nutrition and Cardiovascular Risk in Spain) cohort.

Methods
Data were assessed from 1301 individuals aged 60 and older, participating in the ENRICA prospective cohort study and recruited in 2008–2010 and followed up to 2012 (trial registration: NCT02804672). A Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener score and the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 were derived at baseline from a validated diet history. Health status was assessed at baseline and at the end of follow-up with a 52-item health Deficit Accumulation Index (DAI) including 4 domains (physical and cognitive function, mental health, self-rated health/vitality, and morbidity); higher DAI values indicate worse health. Physical resilience was defined as accumulating fewer health deficits than the expected age-related increase in DAI over follow-up, despite exposure to chronic and acute stressors.

Results
Over a 3.2-year follow-up, 610 individuals showed physical resilience. In multivariate analyses, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of physical resilience for the highest versus lowest tertile (lowest adherence) of the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener score was 1.47 (1.10–1.98). The association held for those maintaining or improving the DAI over follow-up (over-resilience): 1.58 (1.10–2.26). Results were consistent in those with unintentional weight loss (2.21 [1.10–4.88]) or hospitalization (2.32 [1.18, 4.57]) as acute stressors.

Conclusion
In older adults, a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a greater likelihood of physical resilience.
Social Isolation Among Spousal and Adult-Child Caregivers: Findings From the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging
Authors: Li Lun , Wister Andrew V , Mitchell Barbara 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The caregiving outcomes of spousal and adult-child caregivers are widely studied since they are the most common source of support provided to adults. However, the literature on social isolation among spousal and adult-child caregivers is very limited. In order to further elaborate and specify unique caregiving outcomes, this study focuses on social isolation, both longitudinally and comparatively between spousal and adult-child caregivers.

Methods
This study was based on the Baseline and Follow-up 1 data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. A total of 5,226 participants (1,293 spousal caregivers and 3,933 adult-child caregivers) were selected. The Linear mixed models were used to examine the effect of caregiver type and caregiving intensity on social isolation over the course of survey.

Results
Spousal and adult-child caregivers reported greater social isolation over time, and spousal caregivers exhibited a steeper increase in social isolation from Baseline to Follow-up 1 than adult-child caregivers. Also, an increase in caregiving hours resulted in greater social isolation. Finally, male spousal or adult-child caregivers were more likely to be socially isolated over time than their female counterparts.

Discussion
The findings of this study contribute to the existing literature on caregiving outcomes by demonstrating an association between family caregiving and social isolation. The results indicate a strong need for intervention programs that aim to enhance social connectedness among family caregivers, and especially for those who perform intensive caregiving, are older age, and are from a lower socioeconomic status.
Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms Experienced by Older People: Effects of Time, Hurricane Sandy, and the Great Recession
Authors: Pruchno Rachel , Wilson-Genderson Maureen , Heid Allison , Cartwright Francine 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To examine depressive symptom trajectories as a function of time and exposure to Hurricane Sandy, accounting for the effects of the Great Recession.

Methods
We analyzed 6 waves of data from a 12-year panel using latent class growth models and multinomial logistic regression.

Results
We identified 4 groups of people experiencing different trajectories of depressive symptoms. The groups differed on baseline characteristics (gender, age, education, income, race), history of diagnosed depression, and initial level of depressive symptoms. The group with the highest levels of depressive symptoms reported greater levels of peri-traumatic stress exposure to Hurricane Sandy.

Discussion
Depressive symptoms increased as a function of the Great Recession, but exposure to Hurricane Sandy was not associated with subsequent increases in depressive symptoms for any of the 4 groups. People who consistently experienced high levels of depressive symptoms over time reported the highest levels of peri-traumatic stress during Hurricane Sandy. Findings highlight the importance of accounting for historical trends when studying the effects of disaster, identify people likely to be at risk during a disaster, and provide novel information about the causal relationship between exposure to disaster and depressive symptoms.
Healthwashing in high-sugar food advertising: the effect of prior information on healthwashing perceptions in Austria
Authors: Heiss Raffael , Naderer Brigitte , Matthes Jörg 
Published: November 2020

SummaryIn the context of exceeding levels of sugar consumption, some food companies advertise high-sugar products using inappropriate and misleading health claims (i.e. healthwashing). To reduce sugar consumption, consumers need to recognize what these healthwashed claims are. This study investigates how prior sugar-related health information moderates the effect of exposure to healthwashed advertisements (ads) on healthwashing perceptions and how such perceptions are related to attitudes towards product consumption. We conducted a 2 × 2 online experiment with 292 adult participants in Austria. We manipulated the presence of healthwashing and participants’ prior sugar-related health information. The results indicated that exposure to healthwashed ads increased healthwashing perceptions only when the participants received additional health information prior to ad exposure, whereas no significant effect was found when the participants did not receive such prior health information. Healthwashing perceptions were then negatively related to individuals’ attitudes towards product consumption. Based on these results, the study suggests that public access to health-related information might play an important role in empowering consumers to detect inappropriate health claims and become more critical towards food companies’ underlying strategies in ads.
Individual and contextual factors associated with barriers to accessing healthcare among women in Papua New Guinea: insights from a nationwide demographic and health survey
Authors: Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Agbaglo Ebenezer , Dadzie Louis Kobina , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Ameyaw Edward Kwabena , Tetteh Justice Kanor 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
This study sought to assess the individual and contextual factors associated with barriers to accessing healthcare among women in Papua New Guinea.

Methods
The study was conducted among 14 653 women aged 15–49 y using data from the 2016–2018 Papua New Guinea Demographic and Health Survey. The outcome variable was barriers to accessing healthcare. Descriptive and multilevel logistic regression analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was declared at P &lt; 0.05.

Results
Women aged 15–19 y were more likely to experience at least one barrier compared with those aged 40–49 y (adjusted OR [AOR]=1.48; 95% CI 1.18 to 1.86). Women with secondary/higher education (AOR=0.68; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.81), women in the richest wealth quintile (AOR=0.36; 95% CI 0.28 to 0.46) and those in the least disadvantaged socioeconomic status (AOR=0.46; 95% CI 0.33 to 0.64) had lower odds of having challenges with at least one barrier to healthcare. However, living in rural areas increased the odds of facing at least one barrier to healthcare (AOR=1.87; 95% CI 1.27 to 2.77).

Conclusions
This study has demonstrated that both individual and contextual factors are associated with barriers to healthcare accessibility among women in Papua New Guinea. To enhance the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals 3.1, 3.7 and 3.8, it is critical to deem these factors necessary and reinforce prevailing policies to tackle barriers to accessing healthcare among women in Papua New Guinea.
Digital Storytelling Project as a Way to Engage Students in Twenty-First Century Skills Learning
Authors: Lazareva Aleksandra , Cruz-Martinez Gibran 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper is focused on the implications of a collaborative digital storytelling project on student engagement in the higher education context. The empirical study is conducted with an interdisciplinary group of bachelor students in a Nordic University (N = 22) and a university in Southern Europe (N = 21), and the data are collected through an online student survey. The results demonstrate that the digital storytelling project supported students’ behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement. In general, the students had positive emotional experiences with the project. This assignment format was found less stressful than a frontal presentation in the classroom, allowing the students to express their perspectives more freely and confidently. The digital storytelling format also opened up for more creative ways to approach the task. It was important for the participants to have the project assignment split up in several checkpoints with feedback from the instructor. At the same time, the students suggested several areas for further improvement. Those are mainly related to the guidance on the use of technology and scripting the learning process within the small groups. Based on the results of the study, a range of practical implications for teaching practice is formulated.
Vietnam’s Regulations to Prevent Pollution from Plastic Waste: A Review Based on the Circular Economy Approach
Authors: Dang Vu Hai , Gam Pham Thi , Xuan Son Nguyen Thi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
There is a big challenge in policymaking relating to plastic management in Vietnam: Vietnam is the one of the biggest global dischargers of plastic waste into the ocean, but the country also has a high demand for plastic for economic development. Recently, Vietnam has adopted the National Action Plan for the Management of Marine Plastic Litter by 2030. According to this Plan, Vietnam would take a circular economy approach in dealing with plastic. This article reviews Vietnamese regulations to prevent the pollution from plastic waste to see whether they support the implementation of the circular economy approach in plastic management and whether they are effective in preventing plastic waste pollution. Based on the review, recommendations are made to strengthen Vietnam’s legal retgime for the prevention of pollution from plastic waste.
Understanding How Perfectionism Impacts Intensive Interdisciplinary Pain Treatment Outcomes: A Nonrandomized Trial
Authors: Randall Edin T , Cole-Lewis Yasmin C , Petty Carter R , Jervis Kelsey N 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective
Several factors are known to impact response to the intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment (IIPT) program described in this study, yet no research has explored the role of perfectionism. This secondary data analysis explored direct and indirect relations between perfectionism and functional disability (primary outcome) and pain severity (secondary outcome) after IIPT, with pain catastrophizing and fear of pain as mediators.

Methods
Youth (N = 253) aged 8–21 with chronic pain and associated disability completed pre- and post-IIPT measures of self-oriented perfectionism (SOP), socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP), pain catastrophizing, fear of pain, functional disability, and pain characteristics for routine clinical care and this nonrandomized trial. Eight mediated models were run for the two predictors, two mediators, and two outcomes.

Results
Pretreatment perfectionism (SOP and SPP) led to greater reductions in pain catastrophizing over the course of IIPT, which resulted in lower pain severity (β = −.02 [CI = −0.07, −0.01] for SOP and β = −.02 [CI = −0.06, −0.003] for SPP) and less functional disability (β = −.06 [CI = −0.13, −0.01] for SOP and β = −.06 [CI = −0.14, −0.01] for SPP). Independent of pain catastrophizing, pretreatment SPP was directly associated with more posttreatment functional disability (β = .16 [CI = 0.05, 0.27]). Fear of pain was not a mediator.

Conclusions
Findings suggest perfectionism has the potential to negatively impact IIPT outcomes. However, when perfectionistic youth with chronic pain learn to manage pain-related distress, they benefit. Results highlight the importance of assessing for and treating perfectionism and pain-related distress in youth with chronic pain.
A patient with chronic fingertip pain
Authors: Geoghegan Luke , Knowles Billie-Georgina , Nikkhah Dariush 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIsolated chronic fingertip pain is an uncommon presentation with a broad differential diagnosis, including but not limited to, subungal neuroma, subungal haematoma, subungal exostosis and glomus tumour. We present an interesting case of a young lady with debilitating chronic fingertip pain diagnosed with a glomus tumour of her right index finger. Surgical excision provided complete resolution from pain, return to work and restoration of quality of life. Here we discuss clinical and radiological features of this rare benign neoplasm.