bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel G‐C3N4 Modified Biogenic Mackinawite Mediated by SRB for Boosting Highly Efficient Adsorption and Catalytic Degradation of Antibiotics in Photo‐Fenton Process
Authors: He Siyu , Wang Xuqian , Tang Langjun , Wang Jiepeng , Chen Jing , Zhang Yongkui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFeS‐based nanomaterials are widely used in Fenton‐like reaction of antibiotics degradation. However, the problems of poor stability and low reusability limit the catalytic efficiency. Herein, the study ingeniously introduced the g‐C3N4 into FeS to synthesize g‐C3N4@biogenic FeS (CN‐BF‐1) nanocomposite with strong interaction of iron ions and “N‐pots” by the mediation of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB). Results indicated the g‐C3N4 accelerated SRB metabolism and improved the mineralization and stability of FeS to well‐crystallized mackinawite. The CN‐BF‐1 can efficiently adsorb and degrade antibiotics compared with FeS and g‐C3N4, and bear a broad pH range which further proved the increase of stability. The toxicity studies showed ciprofloxacin (CIP) degradation solution hardly caused ecotoxicity and induced antibiotic resistance genes, while CN‐BF‐1 can be regenerated by SRB in this solution with chemical and enzymatic reduction of Fe(III)‐mud to achieve efficient CIP degradation (99.9%). Finally, the mechanism part showed that CN‐BF‐1 can activate H2O2 to form 1O2 and •OH which played the main roles in the catalysis process. The work paves the way for a novel approach to intensify iron‐based photo‐Fenton system in sustainable remediation of antibiotic wastewater, upon which the high‐efficiency removal and non‐toxic degradation solution of antibiotic contamination are expected.
2D Materials‐Based Field‐Effect Transistor Biosensors for Healthcare
Authors: Li Jingwei , Wijaya Leonardo Nicholas Adi , Jang Dong Wook , Hu Yunxia , You Jiawen , Cai Yuting , Gao Zhaoli , Mi Yongli , Luo Zhengtang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe need for accurate point‐of‐care (POC) tools, driven by increasing demands for precise medical diagnostics and monitoring, has accelerated the evolution of biosensor technology. Integrable 2D materials‐based field‐effect transistor (2D FET) biosensors offer label‐free, rapid, and ultrasensitive detection, aligning perfectly with current biosensor trends. Given these advancements, this review focuses on the progress, challenges, and future prospects in the field of 2D FET biosensors. The distinctive physical properties of 2D materials and recent achievements in scalable synthesis are highlighted that significantly improve the manufacturing process and performance of FET biosensors. Additionally, the advancements of 2D FET biosensors are investigated in fatal disease diagnosis and screening, chronic disease management, and environmental hazards monitoring, as well as their integration in flexible electronics. Their promising capabilities shown in laboratory trials accelerate the development of prototype products, while the challenges are acknowledged, related to sensitivity, stability, and scalability that continue to impede the widespread adoption and commercialization of 2D FET biosensors. Finally, current strategies are discussed to overcome these challenges and envision future implications of 2D FET biosensors, such as their potential as smart and sustainable POC biosensors, thereby advancing human healthcare.
Engineering Asymmetric Bimetallic CoM (M = Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu) Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Freestanding Wood‐Derived Carbon Electrodes for Enhanced ORR Kinetics in Zinc‐Air Batteries
Authors: Xu Lian‐Hua , Wang Qichang , Hu Liangdong , Shen Dekui , Chu Sheng , Zhang Huiyan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical reduction of oxygen is pivotal for advancing emerging energy technologies. Precise control over morphology and electronic structure is essential for enhancing catalytic activity and stability in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this study, a freestanding carbon electrode is developed by in‐situ growth of carbon nanotube (CNT)‐encapsulated bimetallic CoM (M = Ni, Fe, Mn, Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) within a hierarchical carbonized wood matrix (CoM@NWCC). The hierarchically porous architecture of the electrode promotes efficient mass transfer during the ORR. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) analyses revealed that incorporating metals such as Ni, Fe, Mn, and Cu modulates the electronic structure of Co, specifically adjusting the distance between the d‐band center (Ed) and the Fermi level (EF), thus optimizing ORR kinetics. Among these, CoNi@NWCC, with its asymmetric electronic configuration, achieves an optimal balance between OH* and OOH* adsorption, significantly enhancing catalytic performance. This study demonstrates the potential of band structure engineering to precisely tailor catalyst properties, offering a cost‐effective and high‐performance solution for zinc‐air batteries (ZABs) suitable for large‐scale deployment.
Lewis Basicity Enhanced SrFeO3‐δ‐Based Perovskite Fuel Electrode for Surface and Bulk Processes Co‐Accelerated CO2 Reduction in Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells
Authors: Liu Dongliang , Chen Zeping , Zhao Yancheng , Li Chang , Gu Yuxing , Xiong Baocheng , Wang Wei , Miao Jie , Zhou Chuan , Ran Ran , Zhou Wei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractElectroreduction of CO2 to CO by solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC) is an effective means to realize carbon neutralization. However, the sluggish kinetics at SOEC fuel electrode impedes its further practical application. Herein, the doping strategy of cesium ion (Cs1+) is employed to develop a series of perovskite‐type fuel electrode materials, i.e., CsxSr1‐xFe0.9Nb0.1O3‐δ (x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15). Combining the results of experiments and theoretical calculations, it is found that the introduction of Cs1+ into A‐site of SrFeO3‐δ‐based perovskite accelerates the reaction kinetics of CO2 adsorption and dissociation due to increased lattice oxygen basicity caused by the low electronegativity of Cs1+. In addition, in comparison to Sr2+, the larger ionic radius and lower valence of Cs1+ is beneficial to decrease formation energy of oxygen vacancy and migration barrier of oxygen ion in perovskite bulk. Because of those merits brought by Cs1+ doping, the La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O3‐δ electrolyte‐supported electrolysis cells with Cs0.1Sr0.9Fe0.9Nb0.1O3‐δ fuel electrode presents satisfied current density of 2205 mA cm−2 at 1.6 V and 850 °C. The stable long‐term operation of electrolysis cells is also demonstrated at applied current density of 600 mA cm−2 and 800 °C for 100 h.
Smart luminescent nanoclusters with dynamic covalent bond for reversible information encryption
Authors: Chen Bin Bin , Gao Ya Ting , Liu Meng Li , Li Da Wei , Liu Qian , Zhao Zheng , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLuminescent nanoclusters (NCs) have attracted much attention because of their superior photophysical properties; however, the design of dynamic NCs with reversible structural change is highly challenging. Herein, we synthesize a kind of dynamic luminescent NCs through Schiff base crosslinking between triethylenetetramine (TETA) and tannic acid at room temperature. The proposed NCs have an excitation‐independent blue emission, and the maximum emission is available at about 458 nm with two excitation centers. Furthermore, the crosslinking degree of the NCs can be effectively adjusted by TETA and their formation is a kinetic‐control process. Most importantly, the proposed NCs show a property of pH‐controlled reversible depolymerization and polymerization, accompanied by a cyclic “on‐off‐on” photoswitching, which is directly attributed to pH‐stimulated reversible C=N bond cleavage and re‐formation. Because of the reversible structure change properties, the dynamic NCs have been well used in reversible information encryption. This new finding provides not only us with a powerful strategy to study the structure–properties relationship of luminescent NCs but also a design idea for constructing smart optical nanomaterials.
A Relationship Between Semiconducting Thin Film's Electronic Structure Heterogeneity and Defect Tolerance
Authors: Gmucová Katarína , Nádaždy Vojtech 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAnalyzing the defect states presence in semiconductors and understanding their impact on charge transport is essential to the solar cells' functionality. In recent years, there has been a focus on the concept of “defect tolerance” observed in perovskite solar cells. The energy‐resolved electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (ER‐EIS) is crucial for measuring the density distribution of defect states in the energy scale from valence to conductance band (or from HOMO to LUMO) and their spatial localization on a thin film. In this study, the aim is to better understand the concept of “defect‐tolerant materials” by comparing the surface and bulk densities of defect states obtained from ER‐EIS with the loss tangent at the frequency where the redox reactions determine the real part of the impedance. This comparison shows that the heterogeneity of the electronic structure across the thin film manifested as a higher surface density of states significantly impacts the failure of “defect tolerance” properties. The proposed procedure, being fast and efficient, has potential in the search for new materials and effective technological procedures for the conversion of solar energy into electricity.
BoLA‐DRB3 alleles influence proviral load and peripheral blood lymphocyte distribution in bovine leukaemia virus‐infected cattle
Authors: Kobayashi Kenichiro , Katakura Yuki , Ito Yui , Kato Masaki , Goto Yoshiaki , Nakajima Hiromi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundBovine leukaemia virus (BLV)‐infected Holstein cattle carrying certain bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA)‐DRB3 alleles were previously shown to be resistant to BLV provirus multiplication, while those carrying other alleles were susceptible. This study aimed to determine whether the BoLA‐DRB3 alleles carried by BLV‐infected cattle could predict proviral load (PVL) and peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) count distribution (PVL/PBL distribution).MethodsBlood samples from Holstein cattle on four dairy farms were tested for the presence of BLV antibodies using a commercial ELISA. The PVL and PBL levels of the BLV‐infected cattle were also measured, and genotyping was performed to identify the BoLA‐DRB3 alleles they carried, impact of the various BoLA‐DRB3 alleles on the PVL/PBL distribution was then investigated.ResultsOf the 316 cattle tested, 114 were positive for BLV. BLV‐infected cattle carrying BoLA‐DRB3 alleles DRB3*009:02, DRB3*002:01 and DRB3*014:01:01 were classified as resistant (n = 43), those carrying DRB3*012:01 and DRB3*015:01 alleles were classified as susceptible (n = 42) and the remaining cattle were classified as nonsusceptible/nonresistant (n = 29). Multiple regression analysis revealed that PVL was positively correlated (p = 2.1 × 10−23) with PBL count and age was negatively correlated (p = 1.9 × 10−6) with PBL count. Cattle with DRB3*014:01:01 tended to have a lower PBL count (p = 0.031).LimitationThe effects of the BoLA‐DRB3 alleles DRB3*002:01, DRB3*009:02, DRB3*012:01 and DRB3*015:01 on PVL/PBL distribution were unclear due to the small numbers of BLV‐infected animals carrying these alleles.ConclusionThe BLV transmission risk in cattle can be estimated by examining their BoLA‐DRB3 alleles.
Spinal metastases in primary thyroid malignancies: Single center experience of 44 cases
Authors: Ahmed Basir , Jonathan Edmond , Paul M. J. , Prabhu Krishna 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma have a 10 year survival rate of more than 95%. However, the existence of spinal metastases significantly reduces overall survival. In this study, we review the epidemiology and outcomes of patients with thyroid malignancies with spinal metastases.MethodA retrospective analysis was conducted on 44 patients with thyroid malignancy and spinal metastases treated at our institution from 2008 to 2021, evaluating the outcome parameters by analyzing demographic, clinical and radiological profiles.ResultsThe median age upon presentation was 58 years (range ‐ 35 to 80 years). 54.5% had single‐level involvement. The thoracic spine exhibited the highest incidence of involvement, followed by the transitional zones and lumbar spine. The most common presenting features were spinal and radicular pain followed by myelopathy. In 77.3% of cases, the pathology was identified as the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. A total of 81.8% of patients underwent total thyroidectomy, with 84% receiving iodine ablation and 61.3% undergoing locoregional radiotherapy. Surgical intervention for spinal metastases was performed in 18 individuals (40.9%). There was significant improvement in the postoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score in the operated group (p‐value of 0.000). Overall, no significant difference was observed in the OS and PFS between the operated and non‐operated groups except for the subset of patients who underwent postoperative radiation therapy (p‐value of 0.013).ConclusionVertebral metastasectomy in primary thyroid malignancies is associated with significant pain relief. Patients who receive postoperative radiotherapy perform better than patients who either undergo metastasectomy or radiation therapy.
Nonlinear approximation for mixed convection flow near a vertical porous plate with combined effects of nonlinear thermal radiation and exponentially decaying internal heat generation
Authors: Samaila Gabriel , Jha Basant K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study considered a dynamic feature of mixed convection flow from a vertical porous plate with the combined effects of nonlinear thermal radiation and exponentially decaying heat generation. The importance of the nonlinear density variation with temperature (NDT), suction/injection, and convecting heating is also analyzed. The reduced ODEs are solved numerically through Runge‐Kutta Ferhlberg fourth‐fifth order in Maple 2022 software. The results obtained show that, by increasing the strength of the mixed convection process, the internal heat generated covects away lesser fluid particles and hence enhances the rate of heat flowing from the porous plate for both suction/injection scenarios. For weak particle suction/injection, the heat flowing from the porous plate into the free stream region increases at a higher internal heat generation parameter. At a higher Prandtl number, lesser fluid is accumulated in the boundary layer, which in turn decreases the plate shear stress. For weak convection and suction/injection effects, the rate at which the heat flowing from the plate into the free stream increases with convective heat transfer propagation. Suction propagation decreases the boundary layer thickness, which consequently enhances the heat transfer rate, whereas the opposite is true for injection.
Orthosymplectic quotient quiver subtraction
Authors: Bennett Sam , Hanany Amihay , Kumaran Guhesh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The technique of orthosymplectic quotient quiver subtraction is introduced. This involves subtraction of an orthosymplectic quotient quiver from a 3d$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 orthosymplectic quiver gauge theory which has the effect of gauging subgroups of the IR Coulomb branch global symmetry. Orthosymplectic quotient quivers for SU(2), SU(3), G2, and SO(7) are found and derived from Type IIA brane systems involving negatively charged branes for certain 6d$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (1, 0) gauge theories. Orthosymplectic quotient quiver subtraction is applied to magnetic quivers for nilpotent orbit closures providing new orthosymplectic counterparts to known unitary quivers. New Coulomb branch constructions are found such as for two height four nilpotent orbit closures of F4 and one of height three. A novel application is to find magnetic quivers and Type IIA brane systems for the 6d$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (1, 0) worldvolume theory of two $$ \frac{1}{2}\textrm{M}5 $$

1
2

M
5
branes on E6 Klein singularity and for 6d$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (1, 0) (E6, E6) conformal matter. These give a perturbative Lagrangian realisation to the dynamics of strongly interacting M5 branes. The magnetic quiver for 6d$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (1, 0) (E6, E6) conformal matter is star-shaped and can also be interpreted as a magnetic quiver for a class $$ \mathcal{S} $$
S
theory specified by SO(26) algebra on a three-punctured sphere.
Towards unifying perturbative and Holographic Light-Front QCD via holomorphic coupling
Authors: Ayala César , Cvetič Gorazd 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We construct a QCD coupling $$ \mathcal{A} $$
A
(Q2) in the Effective Charge (ECH) scheme of the canonical part d(Q2) of the (inelastic) polarised Bjorken Sum Rule (BSR) $$ {\overline{\Gamma}}_1^{\textrm{p}-\textrm{n}} $$

Γ
¯

1

p
−
n

(Q2). In the perturbative domain, the coupling $$ \mathcal{A} $$
A
(Q2) practically coincides with the perturbative coupling a(Q2) [≡ αs(Q2)/π] in the four-loop ECH renormalisation scheme. In the deep infrared (IR) regime, $$ \mathcal{A} $$
A
(Q2) behaves as suggested by the Holographic Light-Front QCD up to the second derivative. Furthermore, in contrast to its perturbative counterpart a(Q2), the coupling $$ \mathcal{A} $$
A
(Q2) is holomorphic in the entire complex Q2-plane with the exception of the negative semiaxis, reflecting the holomorphic properties of the BSR observable d(Q2) [or: $$ {\overline{\Gamma}}_1^{\textrm{p}-\textrm{n}} $$

Γ
¯

1

p
−
n

(Q2)] as dictated by the general principles of the Quantum Field Theory. It turns out that the obtained coupling, used as ECH, reproduces quite well the experimental data for $$ {\overline{\Gamma}}_1^{\textrm{p}-\textrm{n}} $$

Γ
¯

1

p
−
n

(Q2) in the entire Nf = 3 regime 0 < Q2 ≲ 5 GeV2.
$$ \mathcal{O} $$(rN) two-form asymptotic symmetries and renormalized charges
Authors: Romoli Matteo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We investigate $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(rN) asymptotic symmetries for a two-form gauge field in four-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. By employing symplectic renormalization, we identify N independent asymptotic charges, with each charge being parametrised by an arbitrary function of the angular variables. Working in Lorenz gauge, the gauge parameters require a radial expansion involving logarithmic (subleading) terms to ensure nontrivial angular dependence at leading order. At the same time, we adopt a setup where the field strength admits a power expansion, allowing logarithms in the gauge field expansions within pure gauge sectors. The same setup is studied for electromagnetism.
Intrauterine blood transfusion causes dose- and time-dependent signal alterations in the liver and the spleen on fetal magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Schwarz Michael , Schmidbauer Victor Ulrich , Malik Jakob , Nowak Nikolaus Michael , Kienast Patric , Watzenboeck Martin , Stuempflen Marlene , Schwarz Caroline , Kittinger Jakob , Bettelheim Dieter , Haberl Christina , Binder Julia , Kiss Herbert , Reiberger Thomas , Prayer Daniela , Kasprian Gregor 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Intrauterine transfusions (IUTs) are a life-saving treatment for fetal anemia. However, with each transfusion, iron bypasses uptake regulation through the placenta and accumulates in fetal organs. Unlike other imaging modalities, fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is capable of non-invasively assessing fetal liver disease and/or organ iron overload. This study aimed to investigate the effects of IUTs on MRI findings in the fetal liver and spleen.

Study design
For this retrospective study, we included eight fetuses undergoing IUT and prenatal MRI from 2014 to 2023. The fetuses were gestational age-matched with a cohort that received fetal MRI for other indications, but no IUTs. Signal intensity (SI) and volumetric analyses of the liver and the spleen were performed.

Results
Fetuses receiving transfusions had significantly larger volumes of both liver (p = 0.003) and spleen (p = 0.029). T1 SI inversely correlated with the number of IUTs (Pearson’s r = −0.43, p = 0.099). This effect regressed over time (r = 0.69, p = 0.057). T2 SI did not correlate significantly with transfusion frequency but showed a strong positive correlation with the number of days between IUT and MRI (r = 0.91, p = 0.002). For splenic SI measures, similar effects were observed regarding T1 SI reduction per received transfusion (r = −0.36, p = 0.167) and recovery of T2 SI after IUT (r = 0.88, p = 0.004).

Conclusion
This is the first study to report the effects of IUTs on MRI data of fetal livers and spleens. We observed considerable dose- and time-dependent SI alterations of the liver and spleen following IUT. Furthermore, fetal hepatosplenomegaly can be expected following IUT.

Key Points

Question

What fetal changes are found by MRI after life-saving intrauterine transfusion (IUT)?

Findings

Dose- and time-dependent reductions in signal intensity of the fetal liver and spleen, as well as hepatosplenomegaly, were found after intrauterine transfusion.

Clinical relevance

Intrauterine transfusions cause transient iron overload with consequential changes in MRI signal intensity of fetal livers and spleens. Fetal hepatosplenomegaly can be expected following transfusions. Radiologists’ awareness of changes following IUT may improve report quality.

Graphical Abstract
Parking and Public Health
Authors: Garber Michael D. , Benmarhnia Tarik , Mason Jacob , Morales‐Zamora Emily , Rojas-Rueda David 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Parking is a ubiquitous feature of the built environment, but its implications for public health are under-examined. This narrative review synthesizes literature to describe pathways through which parking may affect population health.

Recent Findings
We begin by contextualizing the issue, outlining key terminology, the sheer scale of land dedicated to parking, and the historical factors that led to this dominant land use. Next, we delineate four pathways linking parking with public health: 1) Promoting driving and car dependency, affecting air pollution, greenhouse-gas emissions, physical activity, traffic-related injuries and fatalities, and accessibility; 2) Creating impervious surfaces, with consequences for urban heat, flooding, water pollution, and green space; 3) Affecting housing affordability and associated health outcomes of this social determinant; and 4) Design, construction, and maintenance, the health impacts of which include on-street parking’s positive and negative impacts on safety for all roadway users, air-quality effects of parking’s construction and maintenance, and the potential for green parking lots to mitigate some health consequences of impervious surfaces.

Summary
While evidence supports each pathway, additional empirical research is needed to evaluate impacts of parking on public-health outcomes. As a dominant feature of the built environment with many health implications, parking warrants attention by public-health research and practice.
Price discrimination in a double horizontal differentiated duopoly market
Authors: Mehlum Halvor 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUsing a model of double horizontal differentiation, in which a variety dimension is added to a “linear city” duopoly model, I show that even when costs and demand are symmetric, price discrimination may be an equilibrium phenomenon. In the model, each customer has a preferred variety and a preferred firm. Customers have perfect information about all prices and may be induced to switch varieties and firms given a sufficient price difference. The price discrimination equilibrium exists when a sufficient subset of consumers are particularly price sensitive with respect both to variety and firm.