bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential Expression of HTR2A and MAOA Genes in the Prefrontal Cortex and Hypothalamus of Suicide Victims from a Mexican Population
Authors: Ramos Daniel Francisco , Mendez Edna Madai , Salas José Manuel , Salas Alma Cristina , Urtiz Norma , Barraza Marcelo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Suicide is a major public health concern that has been associated with several neurobiological abnormalities, including dysfunction of the serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmission system. The serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT 2A ) and the monoamine oxidase A enzyme (MAO-A), which is responsible for degrading 5-HT, are encoded by the HTR2A and MAOA genes, respectively. These genes have been associated with several psychiatric disorders and an increased risk for suicide. Methods: Our study examined the expression levels of HTR2A and MAOA genes in the postmortem prefrontal cortex (Brodmann area 8/9) and hypothalamus (ventromedial nucleus) tissues from 15 suicide victims and 15 control subjects from a Mexican population. Gene-expression profile quantification was carried out by qPCR and determined by the method. Results: In suicide victims, the expression levels of the HTR2A gene were significantly higher in the prefrontal cortex. In contrast, the expression of the MAOA gene in the hypothalamus of the suicide victims was significantly higher than in the control subjects. When comparing adult controls against adult suicidal victims (25-59 year-old age group), a significant decrease in HTR2A expression in the hypothalamus was observed. These results were consistent regardless of age, sex, postmortem interval, or pH of brain tissue. Conclusions: The evidence suggests that the pattern of differential expression of the HTR2A and MAOA genes in the brain may be involved in suicide, providing a possible molecular basis for the brain abnormalities in suicide victims.
Is Preexisting Mental Illness Associated with Lower Patient Satisfaction for Older Trauma Patients? A Cross-sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: McGraw Constance , Pekarek Jennifer , Redmond Diane , Vogel Rebecca , Tanner Allen , Bar-Or David 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to examine if satisfaction with care differs among older trauma patients with and without preexisting mental illness (PMI+/PMI-).
Methods
Data from two level I trauma centers were examined 11/2016-12/2017. Trauma patients ≥ 55 years were included and satisfaction of those who had a diagnosis of mental illness prior to the trauma admission (PMI+) to those without a diagnosis (PMI-) (n = 299; 62 PMI + and 237 PMI-) were compared. Enrolled patients completed the Family Satisfaction with Advanced Care Cancer Scale Patient Survey (FAMCARE-P13) prior to discharge. Associations between mental illness status and patient baseline characteristics, overall mean satisfaction, and mean satisfaction by question were compared. Generalized linear models adjusted for differences in patient satisfaction by mental illness status. Analyses were stratified by hospital to account for the interaction between hospital and mental illness status.
Results
Compared to PMI- patients, PMI + patients were more likely to be younger, female, have multiple comorbidities, and to report lower overall satisfaction with care. Among PMI + patients, the most common diagnoses were depression and anxiety. After adjustment, PMI + was associated with lower patient satisfaction at hospital 1; after examining individual questions lower satisfaction was associated with information provided on procedures and questions surrounding “Physical care.” Conversely, PMI + did not affect satisfaction at hospital 2 after adjustment.
Conclusions
At hospital 1, room for improvement was identified in providing information about prognosis and procedures, symptom management, and continuity of care. Reexamining practices for older PMI + trauma patients is warranted.
Existential therapy for children: impact of a philosophy for children intervention on positive and negative indicators of mental health in elementary school children
Authors: Malboeuf-Hurtubise Catherine , Tomaso Carina Di , Lefrançois David , Mageau Geneviève A. , Taylor Geneviève , Éthier Marc-André , Gagnon Mathieu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPhilosophy for children (P4C) was initially developed in the 1970’s, and served as an educational program to promote critical thinking, caring and creative reasoning and inquiry in the educational environment. Quasi-experimental research on P4C, a school-based approach that aims to develop children’s capacity to think by and for themselves, has suggested it could be an interesting intervention to foster greater basic psychological need satisfaction in children in school settings.ObjectiveThe goal of the present study was to evaluate the impact of P4C on basic psychological need satisfaction and mental health in elementary school students. To do so, a randomized cluster trial with a wait-list control group was implemented. MethodStudents from grades one to three (N = 57) took part in this study and completed pre- and post-intervention questionnaires.ResultsANCOVAs revealed a significant effect of group condition on levels of autonomy and anxiety, after controlling for baseline levels. Participants in the experimental group showed higher scores in autonomy, when compared to participants in the control group, whereas for anxiety, participants in the experimental group showed lower scores in anxiety, when compared to participants in the control group.ConclusionOverall, results from this study show that P4C may be a promising intervention to foster greater autonomy in elementary school children, while also improving mental health.
Impact of Procedure Time of Preceding Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection on the Difficulty of Laparoscopic Rectal Surgery
Authors: Nozawa Hiroaki , Kawai Kazushige , Sasaki Kazuhito , Emoto Shigenobu , Murono Koji , Sonoda Hirofumi , Ishii Hiroaki , Ishihara Soichiro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Endoscopic treatment for gastrointestinal cancer can cause inflammation, edema, and fibrosis formation in the surrounding tissue. Recently, we reported that preceding endoscopic treatment increased the volume of intraoperative blood loss and slightly prolonged the operative time of laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer. In this study, we addressed which factors, including endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)- related parameters, affect the difficulty of laparoscopic rectal surgery.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 24 consecutive patients who underwent ESD followed by laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer in our hospital. Short-term surgical outcomes were evaluated by intraoperative blood loss and operative time for laparoscopic surgery. The correlations between the surgical outcomes and preoperative parameter were analyzed by scatter diagrams and multiple linear regression analyses.
Results
The patient cohort comprised 12 men and 12 women. The median distance between primary cancer and anal verge was 7 cm. The median procedure time of ESD was 120 minutes (21 available cases). The scatter diagram graph revealed a positive correlation between the ESD procedure time and estimated blood loss during rectal surgery (rs = 0.26). There was no association between the ESD procedure time and operative time for rectal surgery. Based on multiple linear regression analyses, the ESD procedure time (p = 0.007) and tumor location from the anal verge (p = 0.046) were independently predictive of intraoperative blood loss. On the other hand, only tumor location was found an independent predictor of surgical time (p = 0.014).
Conclusions
A long session of ESD for rectal cancer may make subsequent laparoscopic surgery difficult based on intraoperative blood loss.
Investigating the Effect of Self-regulatory Strategy Development on Iranian EFL Learners’ Metadiscoursal Writing Skill
Authors: Eslami Mehrnoosh , Sahrahgard Rahman 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The current research was an attempt to investigate the effect of self-regulatory strategy instruction on Iranian EFL learners’ metadiscoursal writing skill. To this end, 50 Iranian EFL intermediate learners, studying English language in an institute were selected through convenience random sampling. All of them were Persian native speakers. Three research instruments were utilized to gather the data, namely, Self-regulated Strategies Intervention, and Metadiscoursal writing pretest and posttest. Due to the situation of Covid-19, the instructor made a WhatsApp group, besides the virtual group using Adobe Connect to be in contact with the learners. The learners took a metadiscoursal writing pretest. For the next six sessions, the participants were taught intervention, via self-regulated strategies and they were supposed to follow the instructions. The instructor checked every learner’s progress. Finally, they took a posttest, and the results obtained from the research instruments were analyzed through paired samples t-test. The findings revealed that self-regulatory strategy instruction had a positively significant effect on Iranian EFL learners’ metadiscoursal writing skill and it is suggested that teachers are better to get familiar with the self-regulated strategy and its positive outcomes.
Clinical Outcomes of TESSYS and TESSYS-ISEE Approach on Treatment of Lateral Recess Stenosis: A Comparison Study
Authors: Wu Boyu , Xiong Chengjie , Huang Biwang , Zhao Dongdong , Yao Zhipeng , Yao Yawei , Xu Feng , Kang Hui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Lateral recess stenosis (LRS) is a common degenerative disease in the elderly. Since the rise of comorbidity is associated with the increasing age, the percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression is advocated. The objective of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression in LRS via TESSYS or TESSYS-ISEE approach. Methods: A total of 45 and 42 consecutive patients with limp or radiculopathy symptoms underwent percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression using transforaminal endoscopic spine system (TESSYS) and TESSYS-ISEE, respectively. The radiation exposure and operation time, time to return to work, and complications were compared between two groups. Their clinical outcomes were evaluated with visual analogue scale (VAS) leg pain score, VAS back pain score, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Modified MacNab’s criteria. Results: The average values of radiation exposure and operative time in TESSYS group were significantly higher than those in TESSYS-ISEE group (P<0.05). The postoperative VAS and ODI scores in both groups were significantly improved compared with before the operation (P<0.05). In addition, the VAS score of the leg and ODI score in the TESSYS-ISEE group were significantly lower than those in TESSYS group at 1 week follow-up (P<0.05). The good-to-excellent rates of the TESSYS and TESSYS-ISEE group were 88.89 and 90.48%, respectively, whereas the complication occurrence rates were 6.67 and 4.76% in TESSYS and TESSYS-ISEE groups, respectively. Conclusions: TESSYS-ISEE can be applied to treat LRS safely and effectively with short radiation exposure and operation time. This approach was comparable to the TESSYS approach with improved VAS leg pain and ODI score in short period after operation. However, potential complications and risks still needs to be considered.
A Survey of Seasonal and Perennial Allergic Conjunctivitis in Children in Southwest China: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Gao Xu , Xiang Qin , Hong Lan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) and perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC) were the most usual types of allergic conjunctivitis. House dust mites were the most common sensitization agents for SAC and PAC. This study aimed to explore SAC and PAC risk factors in children.Methods We recruited 176 children suffering from SAC or PAC and 131 control subjects in southwest China. A questionnaire , several eye exams and the skin prick test (SPT) were performed.The scores of the symptoms/signs were recorded.Results The percentage of children that had ever been breastfed in the case group was lower than in the control group (P<0.05). The rate of parental allergy history in the case group was higher than for the control group (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the case group was more likely to have other systemic allergic diseases (P<0.01).The incidence rate of adenoidal hypertrophy (ATH) in case group was higher than control group (P<0.05). The ocular symptoms and signs scores had significant correlation to the course (P<0.05), but no correlation to the SPT results (P>0.05).Conclusion Allergic conjunctivitis may coexist with a variety of allergic diseases, and SAC and PAC may be a risk factor for ATH. Breastfeeding should be recommended, as it may be an alleviating factor for allergic diseases, especially for children of parents with a history of allergic diseases. The disease severity is closely related to its course. Therefore, to avoid difficulty in treatment caused by the aggravation of symptoms and signs, timely antiallergic treatment was recommended.
In vivo confocal microscopy assessment of meibomian glands microstructure in patients with Graves’ orbitopathy
Authors: Cheng Sheng-Nan , Yu Yue-Qi , Chen Jin , Ye Lin , Wang Xing-Hua , Jiang Fa-Gang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate microstructural changes in the meibomian glands (MGs) in patients with active and inactive Graves’ orbitopathy (GO), using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), and to investigate the correlations between clinical and confocal findings.Methods: Forty patients (80 eyes) with GO (34 eyes with active GO, 46 eyes with inactive GO), and 31 age- and sex-matched control participants (62 eyes) were enrolled consecutively. Each participant completed an Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and underwent a full eye examination, including assessments of clinical activity score (CAS), proptosis, palpebral fissure height (PFH), lagophthalmos, lipid layer thickness (LLT), partial blinking rate, noninvasive first breakup time (NIF-BUT), average breakup time (NIAvg-BUT), tear film breakup area (TBUA), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), Schirmer I Test (SIT), meibum quality and MG expressibility. IVCM of the MGs was performed to determine the MG acinar density (MAD), MG longest and shortest diameters (MALD and MASD), MG orifice area (MOA), MG acinar irregularity (MAI), meibum secretion reflectivity (MSR), acinar wall inhomogeneity (AWI), acinar periglandular interstices inhomogeneity (API), and severity of MG fibrosis (MF).Results: All parameters demonstrated statistically significant differences among groups (all P＜0.05), except OSDI, LLT and NIAvg-BUT (P＞0.05). Compared to controls, GO groups showed lower MOA and MAD; greater MALD and MASD; and higher degrees of MAI, MSR, AWI, API, and MF (all P＜0.05). Eyes with active GO had higher degrees of MAI, AWI, and API, while eyes with inactive GO had higher degrees of MSR and MF (all P＜0.05). In GO groups, the two measured confocal signs of inflammation (AWI and API) were significantly correlated with CAS, proptosis, PFH, lagophthalmos, OSDI, NIF-BUT, CFS, SIT, meibum quality, and MG expressibility (all P＜0.05). MF was significantly correlated with CAS, OSDI, meibum quality, and MG expressibility (all P＜0.05). Conclusions: IVCM effectively revealed microstructural changes of MGs in eyes with GO and provided strong in vivo evidence for the roles of obstruction and inflammation in the ocular surface disease process. Furthermore, it revealed discernible patterns of MG abnormalities in eyes with active GO and inactive GO, which are not easily distinguishable by typical clinical examinations.
The Difference of Being Overweight or Obese between the North and South of China
Authors: Tang Daisheng , Bu Tao , Liu Yahong , Dong Xuefan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objectives: The geographical environment, dietary culture, food patterns, and obesity rates are substantially different between the North and South of China. Determining the geographical distribution and local dietary patterns involved in being overweight or obese is useful for designing intervention strategies. Methods: Residents between 18 and 65 years old (n=10,863) from 11 Chinese provinces (five Northern provinces and six Southern provinces) were selected to compare dietary patterns, BMI, and health-related information from the China Health and Nutrition Survey packages in 2011. Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the strength of the association among geographic variables, the obesity problem, and dietary patterns. Results: The overall prevalence of being overweight or obese was 10.51% higher in the North than in the South. Northern dietary patterns feature a high intake of wheat and soybeans, whereas Southern dietary patterns feature a high intake of rice, vegetables, meat, and poultry. The estimated coefficient of regional variables surrounding dietary score is 1.494; surrounding the odds ratio for being overweight is 1.681, whereas surrounding the odds ratio for obesity is 2.035. Multivariate logistic regression including both the variable of South–North areas and Northern dietary patterns showed a significant correlation with being overweight or obese. Conclusion: Northern areas and their local dietary patterns are more likely to contribute to being overweight or obese. These findings provide support for tracking the progression of obesity, epidemics, and policies that target the ‘‘obesogenic’’ environment, promoting opportunities for persons to access healthy dietary patterns and nutritional balance.
WITHDRAWN: Sambucus Ebulus Fruits Extract Ameliorates Eosinophilic Nasal Polyposis: An in vitro Study
Authors: Faghani Masoumeh , Pourgholamali Babak , Ansar Malekmasoud , Zaminy Arash , Nemati Shadman , Ramezani Sina , Yousefbeyk Fatemeh , Bagheri Hamidreza , golshekan Mostafa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The Sambucus Ebulus (ES) L. has an anti-inflammatory role by reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory genes and free radicals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of hydroalcoholic extract of SE fruits on eosinophilic nasal polyposis (NP) in Vitro.Method: The chemical composition of SE fruits extract was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Polyp Samples were collected from 40 patients and were cut into four pieces (control and case groups). Tissue fragments were treated with 0 (control), 50, 315 and 1000µg/ml of SE FRUIT extract in a culture medium for 24 hours. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL reaction reagent. Real time-PCR was employed to evaluate the expression of Bax and Bad genes. ELISA was used for assay of IL-5 and GM-CSF.Results: Our findings showed SE fruits extract increased apoptosis in nasal polyp tissues compared to the control group (P<0.001). Also, GM-CSF level in the experimental groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.001). In contrast, the level of IL-5 was not significantly different in the treatment and control groups (P>0.05). Bax and Bad expression showed a significant increase in the experimental groups compared to the control group (P<0.001).Conclusion: Our findings showed that SE fruits hydroalcoholic extract ameliorates NP trough elevation of apoptosis and reduction of inflammatory markers. Our experimental data revealed that SE fruits extract plays an important role in the treatment of nasal polyp through inducing apoptosis and reducing the survival of inflammatory cells.
Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome and its components in nearly 10 million participants of northwestern China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: su yinxia , Li Wenli , Lu Yaoqin , Xue Mingyue , Haireti Muyaseer , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Shuxia , Yao Hua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) of comprehensive population are always lower than mono- population. However, studies on MetS and its components of it and its subgroups (different ages, genders, races, regions) based on big data and using a same diagnosis criterion are rare.
Method:

A total of 9,745,640 Chinese adults aged ≥ 18 years in Xinjiang,the largest autonomous region of Multi-ethnic, were enrolled in the study. MetS was defined by modified Adults Treatment Panel (ATP III) criteria.Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components were calculated. To further explore the correlates of MetS and its components logistic regression were used.
Results

The overall prevalence of MetS was 20.85% [Sex: 20.06% in female, 21.56% in man; Age: 39.22% in 60 year older followed by 40–59 year 26.32% and 18–39 years 9.56%; Ethnicity: 28.19% in Hui followed by Han (26.39%), Uyghur(18.56%), Other(18.61%), Kazak(17.98%), Mongolian (17.87%), Kyrgyz(14.44%)], living in city and town (23.03%) or north(24.78%) had higher prevalence of MetS than living in rural (19.94%) and South (17.66%). Although the prevalence of hypertension, smoking, drinking and lack of physical activity in Kyrgyz, Mongolian and Kazakh were higher than those of other ethnic groups, the risk of MetS was lower than that of other. The results also showed that although their risk of central obesity and hypertension was higher than that of Han, Hui, Uygur and other, the risk of high-TG, low HDL-C and Elevated-FPG was significantly lower than that of other ethnic groups. Among them, the Mongolian had the lowest risk of high-TG and low-HDL-C, while the Kazakh had the lowest risk of elevated-FPG. In addition, except that the risk of central obesity in males was lower than that in females, the other components of males were higher than those in females, but the risk of MetS was lower than that in females. The risk of MetS and its components in the elderly was significantly higher than that in the young, and physical activity did not show reduce the risk of MetS in the general population.
Conclusion

The reason why the prevalence of MetS in the comprehensive population is lower than that in most mono-population may be that some subgroups of the population have the ability to resist risk factors in terms of genetic structure such as Kyrgyz, Mongolian, Kazak, and the influence in this aspect may exceed that of lifestyle. Within each subgroup, the prevalence of MetS is still increasing. Central obesity is an important risk factor for women with MetS. Elevated-FPG and high-TG are the most important risk factors of MetS in Han, Hui. Climate and lifestyle are the main causes of MetS in northern Xinjiang and city and town residents.