bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathway and kinetics of malachite green biodegradation by Pseudomonas veronii
Authors: Song Jinlong , Han Gang , Wang Yani , Jiang Xu , Zhao Dongxue , Li Miaomiao , Yang Zhen , Ma Qingyun , Parales Rebecca E. , Ruan Zhiyong , Mu Yingchun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMalachite green is a common environmental pollutant that poses a great threat to non-target organisms, including humans. This study reports the characterization of a bacterial strain, Pseudomonas veronii JW3-6, which was isolated from a malachite green enrichment culture. This strain degraded malachite green efficiently in a wide range of temperature and pH levels. Under optimal degradation conditions (32.4 °C, pH 7.1, and inoculum amount of 2.5 × 107 cfu/mL), P. veronii JW3-6 could degrade 93.5% of 50 mg/L malachite green within seven days. Five intermediate products from the degradation of malachite green were identified: leucomalachite green, 4-(dimethylamino) benzophenone, 4-dimethylaminophenol, benzaldehyde, and hydroquinone. We propose a possible degradation pathway based on these findings. The present study is the first to report the degradation of malachite green by P. veronii and the identification of hydroquinone as a metabolite in the degradation pathway.
Ytterbium-doped fibre femtosecond laser offers robust operation with deep and precise microsurgery of C. elegans neurons
Authors: Harreguy M. B. , Marfil V. , Grooms N. W. F. , Gabel C. V. , Chung S. H. , Haspel G. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLaser microsurgery is a powerful tool for neurobiology, used to ablate cells and sever neurites in-vivo. We compare a relatively new laser source to two well-established designs. Rare-earth-doped mode-locked fibre lasers that produce high power pulses recently gained popularity for industrial uses. Such systems are manufactured to high standards of robustness and low maintenance requirements typical of solid-state lasers. We demonstrate that an Ytterbium-doped fibre femtosecond laser is comparable in precision to a Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser (1–2 micrometres), but with added operational reliability. Due to the lower pulse energy required to ablate, it is more precise than a solid-state nanosecond laser. Due to reduced scattering of near infrared light, it can lesion deeper (more than 100 micrometres) in tissue. These advantages are not specific to the model system ablated for our demonstration, namely neurites in the nematode C. elegans, but are applicable to other systems and transparent tissue where a precise micron-resolution dissection is required.
Fibroblast Growth Factor 9 is expressed by activated hepatic stellate cells and promotes progression of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Seitz Tatjana , Freese Kim , Dietrich Peter , Thasler Wolfgang Erwin , Bosserhoff Anja , Hellerbrand Claus 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is closely associated with liver fibrosis. Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and cancer-associated myofibroblasts are key players in liver fibrogenesis and hepatocarcinogenesis. Overexpression of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors contributes to HCC development and progression. This study aimed to elucidate the role of FGFs in the HSC-HCC crosstalk. Analysis of the expression of the fifteen paracrine FGF-members revealed that FGF9 was only expressed by HSC but not by HCC cells. Also in human HCC tissues, HSC/stromal myofibroblasts were identified as cellular source of FGF9. High expression levels of FGF9 significantly correlated with poor patient survival. Stimulation with recombinant FGF9 induced ERK- and JNK-activation combined with significantly enhanced proliferation, clonogenicity, and migration of HCC cells. Moreover, FGF9 significantly reduced the sensitivity of HCC cells against sorafenib. Protumorigenic effects of FGF9 on HCC cells were almost completely abrogated by the FGFR1/2/3 inhibitor BGJ398, while the selective FGFR4 inhibitor BLU9931 had no significant effect. In conclusion, these data indicate that stroma-derived FGF9 promotes tumorigenicity and sorafenib resistance of HCC cells and FGF9 overexpression correlates with poor prognosis in HCC patients. Herewith, FGF9 appears as potential prognostic marker and novel therapeutic target in HCC.
APC gene 3′UTR SNPs and interactions with environmental factors are correlated with risk of colorectal cancer in Chinese Han population
Authors: Ying Rongbiao , Wei Zhiping , Mei Yuxian , Chen Shasha , Zhu Liming 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective: To study the correlation between adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene 3′ untranslated region (UTR) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their interactions with environmental factors and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in a Chinese Han population.
Methods: Genotypes of APC gene 3′UTR rs1804197, rs41116, rs448475, and rs397768 loci in 340 Chinese Han patients with CRC and 340 healthy controls were analyzed. All patients with CRC were analyzed for progression-free survival (PFS) during a 3-year follow-up.
Results: The risk of CRC in subjects carrying the APC gene rs1804197 A allele was 2.95-times higher than for the C allele carriers. The interactions of the rs1804197 SNP with body mass index (BMI) and smoking were associated with the risk of CRC. The risk of CRC in the APC gene rs397768 G allele carriers was 1.68-times higher than in the A allele carriers. The interaction between the rs397768 locus SNP and gender was also associated with the risk of CRC. The 3-year PFS of patients with APC gene rs1804197 AA genotype, CA genotype, and CC genotype CRC decreased in this order, with significant difference. In addition, the 3-year PFS of rs397768 locus GG genotype, AG genotype, and AA genotype CRC patients decreased in this order, and the difference was significant.
Conclusion: The rs1804197 locus in the 3′UTR region of the APC gene and its interactions with BMI and smoking are associated with the risk of CRC in a Chinese Han population. In addition, the interaction between rs397768 locus SNP and gender is related to the risk of CRC.
Low efficacy of vaccination against serogroup B meningococci in patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome
Authors: Mülling Nils , Rohn Hana , Vogel Ulrich , Claus Heike , Wilde Benjamin , Eisenberger Ute , Kribben Andreas , Witzke Oliver , Gäckler Anja 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground: The C5 complement inhibitor eculizumab is first-line treatment in atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) going along with a highly increased risk of meningococcal infections. Serogroup B meningococci (MenB) are the most frequently encountered cause for meningococcal infections in Europe. Efficacy of the protein-based MenB-vaccine Bexsero in aHUS has not been determined and testing is only possible in patients off-treatment with eculizumab as a human complement source is required.Methods: Patients with aHUS were vaccinated with two doses of the protein-based MenB-vaccine Bexsero. Serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) titers against factor H binding protein (fHbp) of MenB were determined in 14 patients with aHUS off-treatment with eculizumab.Results: Only 50% of patients showed protective human serum bactericidal antibody (hSBA) titers (≥1:4) against MenB following two vaccinations. Bactericidal antibody titers were relatively low (≤1:8) in three of seven patients with protective titers. While 71% of patients were on immunosuppressive treatment for either thrombotic microangiopathy or renal transplantation at either first or second vaccination, all four patients not receiving any immunosuppressive treatment showed protective bactericidal antibody response. Time between second vaccination and titer measurement was not significantly different between patients with protective titers compared with those with non-protective titers, while time between first and second vaccination was significantly longer in patients with protective titers going along with a tendency for reduction in immunosuppressive treatment.Conclusions: Efficacy of vaccination against MenB is insufficient in patients with aHUS. Response to vaccination seems to be hampered by immunosuppression. Therefore, implementation of adequate antibiotic prophylaxis seems pivotal.
Enhanced energy harvesting from shaded PV systems using an improved particle swarm optimisation
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Satheesh Krishnan , Kinattingal Sundareswaran , Simon Sishaj Pulikottil , Ark Kumar Kevin 
Published: March 2020

This research work is concerned with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in photovoltaic (PV) systems under partially shaded conditions (PSCs) through an improved particle swarm optimisation (PSO). The traditional PSO is investigated toward MPPT and the reasons for delayed convergence characteristics are investigated. Then, a modified PSO is proposed, in which population is reduced sequentially by eliminating less‐promising particles. The new concept is applied to a 30 kW PV plant situated in a school building and the results are analysed. The new methodology is also experimentally verified on a 400 W prototype PV system in the laboratory. Enhanced energy harvesting from the existing 30 kW PV plant is highlighted considering realistic shading patterns and full bright conditions of solar insolation. The computed and measured results clearly demonstrate that the new PSO is a promising candidate for MPPT in PV systems under PSC.
Fork-tip needle biopsy versus fine-needle aspiration in endoscopic ultrasound-guided sampling of solid pancreatic masses: a randomized crossover study
Authors: Oppong Kofi W. , Bekkali Noor L. H. , Leeds John S. , Johnson Sarah J. , Nayar Manu K. , Darné Antony , Egan Mark , Bassett Paul , Haugk Beate 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background A novel fork-tip fine-needle biopsy (FNB) needle has recently been introduced for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided sampling. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of fork-tip FNB histology and standard fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in the diagnosis of solid pancreatic masses.
Methods A randomized crossover study was performed in patients referred for EUS-guided sampling. Three passes were taken with each needle in a randomized order. Only samples reported as diagnostic of malignancy were considered positive. The primary end point was the sensitivity of diagnosis of malignancy. Secondary end points included the amount of sample obtained, ease of diagnosis, duration of tissue sampling, pathologist viewing time, and cost.
Results 108 patients were recruited. Median age was 69 years (range 30 – 87) and 57 were male; 85.2 % had a final diagnosis of malignancy. There were statistically significant differences in sensitivity (82 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 72 % to 89 %] vs. 71 % [95 %CI 60 % to 80 %]), accuracy (84 % [95 %CI 76 % to 91 %] vs. 75 % [95 %CI 66 % to 83 %]), proportion graded as a straightforward diagnosis (69 % [95 %CI 60 % to 78 %] vs. 51 % [95 %CI 41 % to 61 %]), and median pathology viewing time (188 vs. 332 seconds) (P < 0.001) between FNB and FNA needles, respectively. There was no significant difference in cost between an FNB or FNA strategy.
Conclusion The diagnostic performance of the fork-tip FNB needle was significantly better than that of FNA; it was associated with ease of diagnosis, shorter pathological viewing times, and was cost neutral.
Contrasting Role of Dose Increase in Modulating Sofosbuvir-Induced Hepatocyte Toxicity
Authors: Yousefsani Bahare Sadat , Nabavi Nasim , Pourahmad Jalal 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSofosbuvir, the oral direct-acting antiviral, is a medication, which used as the effective treatment for hepatitis C infection. Although sofosbuvir thought to have few adverse-effects, there have been some experiences of serious drug-induced hepatotoxicity. In this research, the molecular/cellular pathways that lead to sofosbuvir-induced hepatotoxicity were evaluated on isolated rat hepatocytes. Rat hepatocytes were isolated using collagenase reperfusion technique. In evaluating the different pathways of sofosbuvir-induced hepatotoxicity, ROS formation, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, lysosomal membrane damage, glutathione depletion, and the percentage of apoptosis versus necrosis were determined. Our data demonstrated that the cytotoxic effect of sofosbuvir in lower concentrations (25, 50 and 100 µM) is mediated by above stream pathways. On the other hand, sofosbuvir acts in opposite directions at higher concentrations (400 µM) and acts as an antioxidant and hepatoprotective. We concluded that sofosbuvir while looking toxic and pro-oxidant in lower concentrations, acts as protective and antioxidant in higher concentrations.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy by Viscoelastography
Authors: Hartmann Jan , Walsh Mark , Grisoli Anne , Thomas Anthony V. , Shariff Faisal , McCauley Ross , Vande Lune Stefani , Zackariya Nuha , Patel Shivani , Farrell Michael S. , Sixta Sherry , March Robert , Evans Edward , Tracy Rebecca , Campello Elena , Scărlătescu Ecaterina , Agostini Vanessa , Dias João , Greve Sarah , Thomas Scott 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article explores the application of viscoelastic tests (VETs) in trauma-induced coagulopathy and trauma resuscitation. We describe the advantages of VETs over conventional coagulation tests in the trauma setting and refer to previous disciplines in which VET use has reduced blood product utilization, guided prohemostatic agents, and improved clinical outcomes such as the mortality of critically bleeding patients. We describe different VETs and provide guidance for blood component therapy and prohemostatic therapy based on specific VET parameters. Because the two most commonly used VET systems, rotational thromboelastometry and thromboelastography, use different activators and have different terminologies, this practical narrative review will directly compare and contrast these two VETs to help the clinician easily interpret either and use the interpretation to determine hemostatic integrity in the bleeding trauma patient. Finally, we anticipate the future of new viscoelastic technologies that can be used in this setting.
Data Model Requirements for a Digital Cognitive Aid for Anesthesia to Support Intraoperative Crisis Management
Authors: Schild Stefanie , Gruendner Julian , Gulden Christian , Prokosch Hans-Ulrich , St Pierre Michael , Sedlmayr Martin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to define data model requirements supporting the development of a digital cognitive aid (CA) for intraoperative crisis management in anesthesia, including medical emergency text modules (text elements) and branches or loops within emergency instructions (control structures) as well as their properties, data types, and value ranges.
Methods The analysis process comprised three steps: reviewing the structure of paper-based CAs to identify common text elements and control structures, identifying requirements derived from content, design, and purpose of a digital CA, and validating requirements by loading exemplary emergency checklist data into the resulting prototype data model.
Results The analysis of paper-based CAs identified 19 general text elements and two control structures. Aggregating these elements and analyzing the content, design and purpose of a digital CA revealed 20 relevant data model requirements. These included checklist tags to enable different search options, structured checklist action steps (items) in groups and subgroups, and additional information on each item. Checklist and Item were identified as two main classes of the prototype data model. A data object built according to this model was successfully integrated into a digital CA prototype.
Conclusion To enable consistent design and interactivity with the content, presentation of critical medical information in a digital CA for crisis management requires a uniform structure. So far it has not been investigated which requirements need to be met by a data model for this purpose. The results of this study define the requirements and structure that enable the presentation of critical medical information. Further research is needed to develop a comprehensive data model for a digital CA for crisis management in anesthesia, including supplementation of requirements resulting from simulation studies and feasibility analyses regarding existing data models. This model may also be a useful template for developing data models for CAs in other medical domains.
Aspects of word formation processes in Luro
Authors: Abbi Anvita , R Vysakh 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Luro, an Austroasiatic language of the Mon-Khmer group is spoken in the Teressa island of the Andaman and Nicobar
group of islands in the Bay of Bengal, India. Luro is a critically endangered language spoken by less than 2,000 speakers (Directorate of Census Operations 2011). The morphology of Luro is virtually undescribed
in detail so far. The previous works are restricted to deRoepstorff (1875), Cruz (2005), Man (1889) and Rajasingh (2019) which are limited to wordlists and a partial dictionary. This is the
first-ever account of word formation process in the language. Word formation processes include among others, compounding and
derivation across grammatical categories. Incorporation is used in verb morphology. Although language does not have an extensive
case marking system postpositions appear on some nouns optionally. Nouns are marked for duality and plurality but not for gender.
Negation is indexed with pronoun morphology and participates in formation of antonyms. Kinship terminology and Number System have
also been dealt with to represent diverse word formation processes.1
Radical analyticity and radical pro-drop scenarios of diachronic change in East and mainland Southeast Asia, West Africa and Pidgins and Creoles
Authors: Bisang Walter 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe paucity or absence of inflectional morphology (radical analyticity) and the omission of verbal arguments with no concomitant agreement (radical pro-drop) are well-known characteristics of East and mainland Southeast Asian languages (EMSEA). Both of them have a special status in typology and linguistic theory. Radical analyticity is known under the term of ‘morphological isolation’ and has recently been described as ‘diachronically anomalous’ (McWhorter 2016), while radical pro-drop is a theoretical challenge sinceRizzi (1986). The present paper offers an alternative view on these characteristics based on data from EMSEA languages, radically analytic West African languages and pidgins and creoles. It develops diachronic evolutionary scenarios combining the specific properties of languages in their diachronic and geographic situations with two different notions of complexity (hidden vs. overt complexity) and factors which tend to block the development of inflectional morphological paradigms. From such a perspective, radical analyticity and radical pro-drop are by no means extraordinary. Given the enormous size of the task, the paper is a thought experiment based on available data and discussions on the above languages for stimulating further research.
Linguistic manifestations of fictive change participants
Authors: Izutsu Katsunobu , Kim Yong-Taek 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a discourse-pragmatic analysis of event conceptions with an accusative-, dative-, and
comitative-marked participant and thereby accounts for somewhat irregular accusative marking in Korean and Japanese. The three
cases can basically be analyzed as serving to mark participants in physical or mental events that involve a factive or fictive
change as a primary element. The accusative marks a change-constitutive participant (so-called affected or effected entity), while
the dative and comitative mark a change-independent participant. Unlike Japanese, Korean exhibits the tendency to extend the
accusative case to the marking of an entity that constitutes some fictive change in a discourse-based event conception. In
contrast, Japanese is liable to recruit the accusative case in an extended use for the marking of an entity that undergoes a
fictive change in the conceptions of mental/bodily experiences. These conceptual characterizations can provide a further
explanation for the discrepant and idiosyncratic accusative marking in verb phrases such as ‘ride a bus,’ ‘meet a person,’
‘come/go to a place,’ and ‘give a person a book.’
Choosing to become an interpreter
Authors: Rosiers Alexandra , Plevoets Koen , Eyckmans June 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Within the world of interpreting, persistent clichés exist about an interpreter’s required personality and cognitive traits. For instance, an interpreter is thought to be communicative, stress-resistant and to have excellent memory skills. Yet, while research has been conducted into interpreters’ personality type and into their cognitive skills, these two aspects have not yet been combined in one research design. In this contribution we will explore whether some of these traits increase the likelihood of a language major opting for a study programme in interpreting and for a language professional opting for an interpreting career. Through a principal component analysis, we identified five latent components (personality, inhibition, updating, shifting, and working memory span) in a battery of personality and cognitive variables. Binary logistic regression showed that personality and working memory span are strong predictors of language majors and language professionals’ choice for a study programme or career path in interpreting.
“Article 1103: oh pff… yes—then concerns… the… um… unilateral contract…”
Authors: Griebel Cornelia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHesitation and lexical repair markers are part of almost every audibly pronounced sentence. Empirical linguistics generally bases its examinations on spontaneous speech production. This paper uses the discourse analytical approach of empirical linguistics to analyse think-aloud protocols produced by translators and lawyers in a mixed methods study combining thinking aloud and eyetracking. Two expert groups—lawyers and translators, comprising both professionals and students—read complex legal texts in French and summarised them in German, their mother tongue. A mainly qualitative analysis evaluates and categorises the occurrences and functions of various German hesitation and discourse markers. This not only provides information about the use of fillers and repair actions during speech but also insights into reception processes and perceptions of text difficulty. A quantitative analysis of pause fillers suggests that the reception processes of lawyers and translators differ.
Predicting translation behaviorsby using Hidden Markov Model
Authors: Lu Sheng , Carl Michael , Yao Xinyue , Su Wenchao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The translation process can be studied as sequences of activity units. The application of machine learning
technology offers researchers new possibilities in the study of the translation process. This research project developed a
program, activity unit predictor, using the Hidden Markov Model. The program takes in duration, translation phase, target
language and fixation as the input and produces an activity unit type as the output. The highest prediction accuracy reached is
61%. As one of the first endeavors, the program demonstrates strong potential of applying machine learning in translation process
research.
Raw machine translation use by patent professionals
Authors: Nurminen Mary 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article examines the use of raw, unedited machine-translated texts by patent professionals using the
framework of distributed cognition. The goals of the study were to evaluate whether the concept of distributed cognition is a
useful theoretical lens for examining and explaining raw MT reception, and to contribute to our knowledge of raw MT use through an
analysis of a real-life use case. The study revealed that patent professionals often rely on a large network of artifacts and
people to help them in the task of understanding raw MT, and therefore the concept of distributed cognition was applicable and
useful. The study also contributed new knowledge to our overall understanding of the use of raw MT.