bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards Cultural Clash and Hybridity, An Analysis of Bapsi Sidhwa’s An American Brat
Authors: Shamim Akhter  
Published: October 2020

Culture is a way of life that takes into its jurisdiction to all experiences of life and social associations. Culture receives variations over time. Similarly, the culture of the Sub-continent is altered with the arrival of the English here. That is why the Literature of this area is called Post-colonial literature. Cross-Culturalism is also a part of post-colonial theory. Its chief aim is to analyze the morphological organization which takes to the origination of the conception. Culturalism indicates the tractability of the self to absorb in the transmission and understanding of spoken and written indications and to react accurately and suitably. The ‘cross’ in cross-culturalism designates the crossing of the remotest barriers from one make to another. It also reveals the constant growth of borders. People migrate to other countries, lead life by absorbing the culture of that country but they experience problems regarding language and their own culture. The undertaken research aims to reveal the cross-cultural experiences keeping in view Sidhwa’s (1994) ‘An American Brat’. Sidhwa (1994), explores the differences of cultures that existed between East and West by introducing the character of Feroza. Feroza belongs to Pakistan and goes to America. She finds the culture of America different from the culture of her native country. The undertaken research is an attempt to reveal the description of cultural differences and hybridity through the character of Feroza.
The Use Of Video To Improve The Speaking Skill Of The First Semester Students Of Pgmi Program Of Hamzanwadi Islamic Institute (Iaih) NW AT Pancor
Authors: Rizal Syamsul , Fathurrohman Azhari 
Published: October 2020

The teaching of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) speaking is necessary for university students to have basic skills of oral communication. Using teaching media in the teaching of EFL speaking might be beneficial to help students improve their speaking skills. As teaching media, video can offer audio and visual model of target language as complete stimuli. The aim of this research was to investigate the use of video as teaching media to improve the speaking skill of the first semester students of PGMI program of IAIH NW at Pancor. Based on the data of preliminary study, it was found that the students encountered many problems in their speaking class such as; the students had low motivation and reticence to speak, poor grammar and vocabulary, and had some errors in pronunciation.
With regard to the problem, this classroom action research was conducted to solve those problems occurring in the speaking class. This research was a collaborative action research in which a collaborator assisted the researcher to collect the data using speaking scoring rubric, questionnaire and field notes. This research was conducted in two cycles focusing on the improvement of the students’ speaking performance and their positive attitude to the implementation of the use of video as teaching media in the speaking class.
After the implementation of the use of video as teaching media in the speaking class for two cycles, it revealed that the use of video could improve the students’ speaking performance and give them positive attitude to the implementation activities. The findings showed that the average score of the students’ speaking performance could achieve 85.11 from the determined score 75. In addition, it was also found that 84.13 % of the students had positive attitude to the implementation of the use of video in the speaking class.
The implementation of the use of video as teaching media in speaking class can cover a procedure of three main phases: The first phase is pre-viewing, the second phase is whilst-viewing, and the third phase is post-viewing.
Based on the findings, it is concluded that the use of video as teaching media can be one of the solutions to improve not only the students’ speaking skills but also the their’ positive attitude in the teaching of speaking. Therefore, English teachers are suggested to use the video as teaching media to teach their students in speaking class and it is also possible to teach other language skills or components.
Efektifitas Media Visual Untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi KeterampilanAnakDidik Dalam Melaksanakan Shalat Sunnah Rawatib
Authors: Imanuddin H , Hudatullah Muhibuddin Abdul Aziz H 
Published: October 2020

Dalam tahun-tahun belakangan ini telah terjadi pergeseran paradigma dalam pembelajaran kearah paradigma konstruktivisme (merancang dan membangun). Media pembelajaran meliputi berbagai jenis, antara lain: Pertama, Media gerafis atau media dua dimensi, seperti gambar, foto, grafik atau diagram; Kedua, Media model solid atau media dimensi tiga, seperti model-model benda ruang dimensi tiga, diorama, dsb. Ketiga, Media proyeksi seperti film, filmstrip, OHP; Keempat, Media informasi, computer, internet. Kelima, Lingkungan.
Tulisan ini kami sajikan dari hasil penelitian tindakan (action research), karena penelitian dilakukan untuk memecahkan masalah pembelajaran di kelas.Penelitian ini juga termasuk penelitian deskriptif, sebab menggambarkan bagaimana suatu teknik pembelajaran diterapkan dan bagaimana hasil yang diinginkan dapat dicapai.
Pembelajaran menggunakan media merupakan salah satu tipe pembelajaran yang kreatif dan menyenagkan. Pembelajaran yang diajarkan dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran lebih baik dari pada metode ceramah dalam meningkatkan kemampuan belajar siswa dalam melaksanakan shalat sunnah rawatib.
Dari pengalaman dilapangan tidak sedikit gurudalam proses pembelajaran sangat jarang menggunakan media pembelajaran. Hal ini menyebabkan pembelajaran monoton dan jauh dari kreatifitas da hasilnya tentu bisa ditebak yaitu hasil belajar siswa menjadi rendah dan sulit mencapai kompetensi standar. Oleh sebab itu salah satu upaya yang harus dicoba untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar adalah dengan mencoba menggunakan media visual dalam proses belajar mengajar sehingga peserta didik akan lebih mudah mengerti dan dapat dengan mudah menuangkan konsep-konsepnya yang begitu banyak ke dalam bentuk yang simpel.
Menilik Dominasi Bahasa Mitos Dalam Sosiokultural Sasak
Authors: Muttaqin Zainul , Mu’awanah Mu’awanah 
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to describe the process of hegemony in the language of Tithe Ringkok Ratu myth in North Masbagik Village. The problem formulation of this research is "how is the process of hegemony in the language of the myth of Timba Lingkok Ratu in North Masbagik Village? To answer the research question above, the researcher conducted the research with qualitative descriptive method and approach with the type of ethnographic research located in North Masbagik Village Masbagik Subdistrict. Furthermore, data collection techniques from this research are observation, interview and documentation. While data analysis is data reduction, data presentation, and withdrawal conclusion. The results of this study indicate that the process of hegemony in the language of the myth of Timba Lingkok Ratu in North Masbagik Village begin beliefs that are superstition, then this belief is spread from the mouth of tempest that is by the dominant party (people who hegemonies) to the dihegemoni. Furthermore, languages that are persuasive or affect the dominant party with a style of delivery that is so reliable and with strong evidence. Therefore, it can be concluded that the process of hegemony into the language of Titus Ringkok Ratu in North Masbagik Village is a process of convincing someone who is done by the dominant party to the community against Titus Timba Lingkok Ratu in North Masbagik Village with strong evidences.
PENERAPAN REALISTIC MATHEMATICS EDUCATION (RME) DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Herzamzam Dyah Anungrat , Rahmad Ilmi Noor 
Published: October 2020

The low learning outcomes about mathematics are the background of research problems. The purpose of this study was to improve the mathematics learning outcomes of multiplication material through the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) learning model for grade III students in the even semester of the 2019/2020 school year. This research method is Classroom Action Research which follows the model of Kemmis and Taggart. This research includes 3 cycles where each cycle includes 4 stages, namely planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. The research time was from January to March 2020 with 30 students as research subjects, while the data were collected through tests, interviews and observations. The research results show that there is a significant increase in mathematics learning outcomes in class III. This is evidenced by the increase in the average result of the math test in each cycle, namely in cycle 1: 64.26 then cycle 2: 70.86 and cycle 3: 78.2. The results of researcher's observations in each cycle also increased, namely in cycle 1 = 2.44; cycle 2 = 2.88; cycle 3 = 3.89. Likewise, the results of student observations also increased, namely in cycle 1 = 2.4; cycle 2 = 3,2; cycle 3 = 4. And the results of the interviews conducted concluded that learning mathematics through the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) learning model was fun for students. This study concluded that learning mathematics using the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) learning model can improve student mathematics learning outcomes on multiplication material.
The Origin of Inequality: Isolated Formation of a 30+10 M
⊙ Binary Black Hole Merger
Authors: Olejak A. , Fishbach M. , Belczynski K. , Holz D. E. , Lasota J.-P. , Miller M. C. , Bulik T. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The LIGO/Virgo Collaboration has reported the detection of GW190412, a black hole–black hole (BH–BH) merger with the most unequal masses to date. (Another system, with even more unequal-mass components, was recently published by LIGO/Virgo: GW190814 (m
1 = 23

, m
2 = 2.6

); however, it is not known whether it is a BH–BH or BH–NS merger (Abbott et al. 2020).) They are m
1 = 24.4–34.7

and m
2 = 7.4–10.1

, corresponding to a mass ratio of q = 0.21–0.41 (90% probability range). Additionally, GW190412's effective spin was estimated to be χ
eff = 0.14–0.34, with the spin of the primary BH in the range a
spin = 0.17–0.59. Based on this and prior detections, ≳10% of BH–BH mergers have q ≲ 0.4. Major BH–BH formation channels (i.e., dynamics in dense stellar systems, classical isolated binary evolution, or chemically homogeneous evolution) tend to produce BH–BH mergers with comparable masses (typically with q ≳ 0.5). Here we test whether the classical isolated binary evolution channel can produce mergers resembling GW190412. We show that our standard binary evolution scenario, with the typical assumptions on input physics that we have used in the past, produces such mergers. For this particular model of the input physics the overall BH–BH merger rate density in the local universe (z ∼ 0) is

, while for systems with

the rate density is

. The results from our standard model are consistent with the masses and spins of the black holes in GW190412, as well as with the LIGO/Virgo estimate of the fraction of unequal-mass BH–BH mergers. As GW190412 shows some weak evidence for misaligned spins, we provide distribution of the precession parameter in our models and conclude that if among the new LIGO/Virgo detections the evidence of system precession is strong and more than 10% of BH–BH mergers have large in-plane spin components (χ
p > 0.5), then the common envelope isolated binary BH–BH formation channel can be excluded as their origin.
Herbaria Mundi: An image centric approach to manipulation of specimens from multiple collections
Authors: Hyam Roger 
Published: October 2020

Addressing the challenges of the Climate Emergency and the Biodiversity Crisis requires us to understand how the world's vegetation is changing. This is not a trivial task,especially in highly diverse tropical areas.
Frequently, the only way to characterise vegetation is to make voucher specimens of the plants present and identify them later in the lab.
Fortunately there are extensive reference collections carefully curated in herbaria. Unfortunately specimens and expertise are dispersed over hundreds of different herbaria spread across many countries. It would be more efficient if scientists could see and manipulate specimens independently of where they are stored, especially as travel becomes more difficult due to both the need to reduce carbon emissions and virus spread.
Herbaria Mundi is an application demonstrating how how this can be achieved using CETAF Specimen IDs and IIIF (International Image Interoperability Framework). The application mimics the way a botanist might work in a physical herbarium by enabling the gathering of specimens into groups and side-by-side comparison of specimens, but differs in that one can search for and manipulate specimens in multiple herbaria as if they were stored in a single collection.
Voucher specimens are often not added to herbaria mainly because they do not add enough value to material already in the collections. Herbaria Mundi therefore includes the ability for researchers to upload specimen images to Zenodo and for them to appear in the user interface as if they were in an institutional herbarium.
This proof of concept application is being developed as part of Task 4.3 of the Synthesys+ project funded by the European Commission.
Two things need to occur to take this concept into production.

More herbaria need to adopt the use of CETAF specimen identifiers and the IIIF image API.

Botanists need to prioritise which features they would like developed first.

More herbaria need to adopt the use of CETAF specimen identifiers and the IIIF image API.
Botanists need to prioritise which features they would like developed first.
The poster will be a catalyst to discuss how these things can be achieved.
Clinical observation of generalized sarcoidosis with damage of bones
Authors: Chaplynska Nataliia , Rudnyk Viktoriia , Skrypnyk Liubov , Matkovska Nataliia 
Published: October 2020

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease of unknown etiology, at the basis of which there is an inflammatory granulation epithelioid process without a pronounced exudative reaction and without caseous necrosis. This disease has various manifestations.
The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical case of generalized sarcoidosis with bone lesion in a patient M., born in 1987. There were performed X-ray examinations, computed tomography (CT), fibrobronchoscopy, determination of calcium levels, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), soluble IL-2 receptor in the blood. Dynamic observation was performed for 10 months.
The patient started methylprednisolone therapy at a dose of 20 mg/day. Significant positive effect of this treatment was noted.
Thus, when patients complain of the bone and joint system problems, examination plan should include radiological examination of thoracic organs, which will allow us to avoid late diagnosis of sarcoidosis or other multisystem diseases that may have similar clinical manifestations.
Anti-Inflammatory and Proresolving Effects of the Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Adrenic Acid
Authors: Brouwers Hilde , Jónasdóttir Hulda S. , Kuipers Marije E. , Kwekkeboom Joanneke C. , Auger Jennifer L. , Gonzalez-Torres Mayra , López-Vicario Cristina , Clària Joan , Freysdottir Jona , Hardardottir Ingibjorg , Garrido-Mesa José , Norling Lucy V. , Perretti Mauro , Huizinga Tom W. J. , Kloppenburg Margreet , Toes René E. M. , Binstadt Bryce , Giera Martin , Ioan-Facsinay Andreea 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their metabolites are potent regulators of inflammation. Generally, omega (n)-3 PUFAs are considered proresolving whereas n-6 PUFAs are classified as proinflammatory. In this study, we characterized the inflammatory response in murine peritonitis and unexpectedly found the accumulation of adrenic acid (AdA), a poorly studied n-6 PUFA. Functional studies revealed that AdA potently inhibited the formation of the chemoattractant leukotriene B4 (LTB4), specifically in human neutrophils, and this correlated with a reduction of its precursor arachidonic acid (AA) in free form. AdA exposure in human monocyte-derived macrophages enhanced efferocytosis of apoptotic human neutrophils. In vivo, AdA treatment significantly alleviated arthritis in an LTB4-dependent murine arthritis model. Our findings are, to our knowledge, the first to indicate that the n-6 fatty acid AdA effectively blocks production of LTB4 by neutrophils and could play a role in resolution of inflammation in vivo.
IgA Triggers Cell Death of Neutrophils When Primed by Inflammatory Mediators
Authors: Wehrli Marc , Schneider Christoph , Cortinas-Elizondo Fabiola , Verschoor Daniëlle , Frias Boligan Kayluz , Adams Olivia Joan , Hlushchuk Ruslan , Engelmann Christine , Daudel Fritz , Villiger Peter M. , Seibold Frank , Yawalkar Nikhil , Vonarburg Cédric , Miescher Sylvia , Lötscher Marius , Kaufmann Thomas , Münz Christian , Mueller Christoph , Djonov Valentin , Simon Hans-Uwe , von Gunten Stephan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
IVIG preparations consisting of pooled IgG are increasingly used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. IVIG is known to regulate the viability of immune cells, including neutrophils. We report that plasma-derived IgA efficiently triggers death of neutrophils primed by cytokines or TLR agonists. IgA-mediated programmed neutrophil death was PI3K-, p38 MAPK–, and JNK-dependent and evoked anti-inflammatory cytokines in macrophage cocultures. Neutrophils from patients with acute Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, or sepsis were susceptible to both IgA- and IVIG-mediated death. In contrast to IVIG, IgA did not promote cell death of quiescent neutrophils. Our findings suggest that plasma-derived IgA might provide a therapeutic option for the treatment of neutrophil-associated inflammatory disorders.
The GM-CSF Released by Airway Epithelial Cells Orchestrates the Mucosal Adjuvant Activity of Flagellin
Authors: Vijayan Aneesh , Van Maele Laurye , Fougeron Delphine , Cayet Delphine , Sirard Jean-Claude 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The TLR5 agonist flagellin is a potent adjuvant and is currently being developed for use in vaccines. The mechanisms that drive flagellin’s activity are influenced by its administration route. Previous studies showed that lung structural cells (especially epithelial cells lining the conducting airways) are pivotal for the efficacy of intranasally administered flagellin-containing vaccines. In this study, we looked at how the airway epithelial cells (AECs) regulate the flagellin-dependent stimulation of Ag-specific CD4+ T cells and the Ab response in mice. Our results demonstrate that after sensing flagellin, AECs trigger the release of GM-CSF in a TLR5-dependent fashion and the doubling of the number of activated type 2 conventional dendritic cells (cDC2s) in draining lymph nodes. Furthermore, the neutralization of GM-CSF reduced cDC2s activation. This resulted in lower of Ag-specific CD4+ T cell count and Ab titers in mice. Our data indicate that during pulmonary immunization, the GM-CSF released by AECs orchestrates the cross-talk between cDC2s and CD4+ T cells and thus drives flagellin’s adjuvant effect.
The Handicapping «Forgetting» of Waste Workers in the Approach of Education to the Sustainable Development of Society
Authors: Tchamou Blandine 
Published: October 2020

Among the problems of postmodernism, the article will make a reasoned plea for waste management education for sustainable development. While some academics criticize the term "development" as a paradigm of endless utopian capitalist evolution, there is a consensus on the need to change society's relationship to the world and to adopt more appropriate behaviours.
Unfortunately, waste management is not "thought" as a cultural need for education, but as a stack of sensitization actions and the prescription of an ideal of cleanliness linked to the efficiency of the function. Waste abandoned in inappropriate spaces (litter) and made 'visible' by the abandonment of masks related to the health crisis is not taken into account in expectations of improvement, creating the 'dropping out' of a large part of the population according to Vygotsky's theory in the proximal development zone. In the same movement, the sensitization action for better waste management is carried out by invisibilisation and maintaining the segregation of waste workers, present in all living areas, in contact with actual behaviour. Workers in the waste sector are ignored and invisible, even in the recent information report presented to the national assembly on "precarious" jobs in the link. Taking into account the resources offered by the educational sciences, particularly the pedagogy of decision-making could help to change the role of these professionals to improve the relationship between citizens and their waste, as is already the case in some municipalities.
La reacción de la yerba estrella al abonamiento con potasio en relación con la encaladura y las fuentes del nitrógeno y el potasio
Authors: Fernando Abruña  
Published: October 2020

Se estudió el efecto del encalado y de las fuentes de N y de K sobre la respuesta de la yerba Estrella a las aplicaciones de potasio en un Ultisol de la altura de Puerto Rico. La yerba Estrella respondió a la aplicación de hasta 1,500 kg. de K/ha en ausencia o presencia de cal cuando la fuente de N fue (NH4)2SO4. Sin embargo, sólo respondió a la aplicación de solo 500 kg. de K/ha cuando la fuente de N fue la urea. El encalado, sin embargo, incrementó la respuesta de la yerba a las aplicaciones de K. No hubo diferencias significativas entre las fuentes de K en lo que respecta a la producción de forraje. El contenido en K en el forraje aumentó consistentemente con el aumento en el abonamiento con potasio, pero el porcentaje de recuperación en el forraje del abono aplicado disminuyó a medida que la dosis aumentó. El encalado no tuvo efecto en modificar el contenido en K del forraje, sin embargo, aumentó la cantidad de este nutrimento extraído por la yerba. La fuente de K no tuvo efecto significativo sobre la recuperación del K aplicado, pero sí sobre la cantidad que se acumuló en el suelo en forma cambiable. Cuando el K se aplicó como KCI en vez de K2SO4 se acumuló una mayor cantidad del elemento en forma cambiable con encalado o sin él. El encalado propició una mejor acumulación de K en el suelo cuando se aplicó en combinación con (NH4)2SO4 porque hubo una mayor producción de forraje y una mayor extracción de K, por lo que hubo menos K disponible para acumularse en el suelo. El uso de (NH4)2SO4 como fuente de N causó cambios indeseables en el suelo, tales como un aumento en el porcentaje de saturación con Al y pérdida de Ca, Mg y del abono potásico aplicado. El efecto fue más dañino cuando no se aplicó cal.