bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Imaging and Histology of Sacroiliac Joint in Normal Rats Based on IVIM-DWI and DCE-MRI
Authors: Qin Jian , Yao Qianqian , Ge Xubo , Zhu Jianzhong , Yin Zhaoliang , Li Xiaoqian , Li changqin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Currently, few studies have described the relationship between functional MRI findings and histology of normal sacroiliac joint (SIJ). Besides, due to the difficulties in access to SIJ, authentic animal models are important in providing opportunities for quantitative parameter extraction on imaging.Aims: This study aimed at exploring the parameters of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (IVIM-DWI) and Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE-MRI) and comparing them with the histology of the SIJ in normal rats with different ages.Methods: A total of thirty 7-week-old male Wistar rats were included in the study. The parameters of IVIM-DWI and DCE-MRI in the bone marrow and the joint space of SIJ were measured at 8, 13, 18, 23, 28, and 33 weeks. The histological analysis of the SIJ was examined using light microscopy. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Results: The D values in the sacral and iliac bone marrow of normal rats decreased with an increase in age. One-way ANOVA analysis indicated a significant difference in D values in different age groups (P＜0.005). The normal values of D*, f, Fenh (%), Senh (%/s) in the sacral bone marrow, the iliac bone marrow, and the joint space in SIJ of normal rats were obtained. The results showed that in the six groups of rats of different ages, the histology of the SIJ surface was smooth and clear, the cartilage cells were intact, and no thickening or pannus formation was observed. Conclusions: This study obtained the IVIM-DWI and DCE-MRI parameters of the sacral and iliac bone marrow and the synovial area of the joint space in normal rats. The parameters in normal rats can be used in future research to compare to similar parameters in animal models or patients with SIJ diseases. This study serves as a guide for future research in SIJ diseases.
Applying an intersectionality lens to the Theoretical Domains Framework: a tool for thinking about how intersecting social identities and structures of power influence behaviour
Authors: Etherington Nicole , Rodrigues Isabel Braganca , Giangregorio Lora , Graham Ian D. , Hoens Alison M , Kasperavicius Danielle , Kelly Christine , Moore Julia E. , Ponzano Matteo , Presseau Justin , Sibley Kathryn M. , Straus Sharon 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: A key component of the implementation process is identifying potential barriers and facilitators that need to be addressed. The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) is one of the most commonly used frameworks for this purpose. When applying the TDF, it is critical to understand the context in which behaviours occur. Intersectionality, which accounts for the interface between social identity factors (e.g. age, gender) and structures of power (e.g. ageism, sexism), offers a novel approach to understanding how context shapes individual decision-making and behaviour. We aimed to develop a tool to be used alongside applications of the TDF to incorporate an intersectionality lens when identifying implementation barriers and enablers. Methods: An interdisciplinary Framework Committee (n=17) prioritized the TDF as one of three models, theories, and frameworks (MTFs) to enhance with an intersectional lens through a modified Delphi approach. In collaboration with the wider Framework Committee, a subgroup considered all 14 TDF domains and iteratively developed recommendations for incorporating intersectionality considerations within the TDF and its domains. An iterative approach aimed at building consensus was used to finalize recommendations.Results: Consensus on how to apply an intersectionality lens to the TDF was achieved after 12 rounds of revision. Two overarching considerations for using the intersectionality alongside the TDF were developed by the group as well as two to four prompts for each TDF domain to guide interview topic guides. Considerations and prompts were designed to assist users to reflect on how individual identities and structures of power may play a role in barriers and facilitators to behaviour change and subsequent intervention implementation. Conclusions: Through an expert-consensus approach, we developed a tool for applying an intersectionality lens alongside the TDF. Considering the role of intersecting social factors when identifying barriers and facilitators to implementing research evidence may result in more targeted and effective interventions that better reflect the realities of those involved.
Expression of mitochondrial protein genes encoded by nuclear and mitochondrial genomes correlate with energy metabolism in dairy cattle
Authors: Dorji Jigme , Jagt Christy J. Vander , Garner Josie B. , Marett Leah C. , Mason Brett , Reich Coralie M. , Xiang Ruidong , Clark Emily L. , Cocks Benjamin G. , Chamberlain Amanda J. , MacLeod Iona M. , Daetwyler Hans D. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Mutations in the mitochondrial genome have been implicated in mitochondrial disease, often characterised by impaired cellular energy metabolism. Cellular energy metabolism in mitochondria involves mitochondrial proteins (MP) from both the nuclear (NuMP) and mitochondrial (MtMP) genomes. The expression of MP genes in tissues may be tissue specific to meet varying specific energy demands across the tissues. Currently, the characteristics of MP gene expression in tissues of dairy cattle are not well understood. In this study, we profile the expression of MP genes in 29 adult and six foetal tissues in dairy cattle using RNA sequencing and gene expression analyses: particularly differential gene expression and co-expression network analyses. Results: MP genes were differentially expressed (DE; over-expressed or under-expressed) across tissues in cattle. All 29 tissues showed DE NuMP genes in varying proportions of over-expression and under-expression. On the other hand, DE of MtMP genes was observed in <50% of tissues and notably MtMP genes within a tissue was either all over-expressed or all under-expressed. A high proportion of NuMP (up to 60%) and MtMP ( up to 100%) genes were over-expressed in tissues with expected high metabolic demand; heart, skeletal muscles and tongue, and under-expressed (up to 45% of NuMP, 77% of MtMP genes) in tissues with expected low metabolic rates; leukocytes, thymus, and lymph nodes. These tissues also invariably had the expression of all MtMP genes in the direction of dominant NuMP genes expression. The NuMP and MtMP genes were highly co-expressed across tissues and co-expression of genes in a cluster were non-random and functionally enriched for energy generation pathways. The differential gene expression and co-expression patterns were validated in independent cow and sheep datasets. Conclusions : The results of this study support the concept that there are biological interaction of MP genes from the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes given their over-expression in tissues with high energy demand and co-expression in tissues. This highlights the importance of considering MP genes from both genomes in future studies related to mitochondrial functions and traits related to energy metabolism.
A tracheostomy shared decision-making program in respiratory care center patients in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Chienhsiu , Chen Ihung 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: We applied tracheostomy shared decision-making program for respiratory care center prolonged mechanical ventilation patients. The purpose of this study is to help patients and family members to have an understanding of both the methods of tracheostomy and endotracheal tube. We can then compare the prognostic differences between patients in the program who receive tracheostomy and who continue to maintain endotracheal tube. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. The study was performed at the respiratory care center of Dalin Tzu chi hospital from January 2017 to December 2019. We set up a tracheostomy decision-making program. The medical team identified eligible patients. We conduct semi-structured interviews to individual family members. We tracked the survival of each patient and confirmed the satisfaction of the patient or family members with taking part of the tracheostomy shared decision-making program in January 2020. Data of patients who participated in tracheostomy shared decision-making program were collected and analyzed. Results: Fifty-seven respiratory care center patients attended the tracheostomy shared decision-making program. At the end of the study, 37 patients underwent tracheostomy (64.9%), and 20 patients maintained endotracheal tube intubation (35.1%). There was no significant difference in the factors of concern and the degree of concern regarding the methods of treatment in the two groups of patients. Patients or family members of the two groups have a good understanding of the two methods of treatment. The survival rate of patients undergoing tracheostomy was 86.5% and 86.5% of participants believed that they made an optimal decision based on the result of the tracheostomy shared decision-making program. The survival rate of patients who maintained endotracheal tube intubation was 40%, and the all of participants believed that they made an optimal decision based on the result of the tracheostomy shared decision-making program. Patients who underwent tracheostomy have a favorable survival rate. Conclusions: The clinical application of tracheostomy shared decision-making program ensures that patients and family members have a clearer understanding of the methods of tracheostomy and endotracheal tube treatment. Overall, 91.2% of the participants believed that they made an optimal decision despite of the end result.
Mini-midvastus versus medial parapatellar approach in total knee arthroplasty: Difference in patient-reported outcomes measured with the Forgotten Joint Score
Authors: Lin Wei , Niu Jinghui , Dai Yike , Yang Guangmin , Li Ming , Wang Fei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Low knee awareness after minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has become the ultimate target of a natural-feeling knee that meets patient expectations. The objective of this research was to compare the clinical outcomes of TKA via the mini-midvastus (MMV) approach or the medial parapatellar (MPP) approach, and to evaluate which approach can lead to a better quality of life after surgery.Methods: From January 2015 to December 2016, a retrospective cohort study was conducted in 330 patients who underwent TKA via a mini-midvastus (MMV) approach. During this period, we also selected 330 patients who underwent TKA via a medial parapatellar (MPP) approach (MPP group) for comparison. Clinical results were assessed with the visual analog scale score for pain, range of motion, and the Knee Society Score. The Forgotten Joint Score was used to analyze the ability to forget the joint. Results: There were significant differences with regard to visual analog scale score, range of motion, and the Knee Society Score until 6 months after surgery between the MMV and MPP groups (p < 0.05), but the differences were not significant at 12 months, 24 months, and 36 months after surgery. However, there were significant differences in the Forgotten Joint Score between the groups during the follow-up period (p < 0.05).Conclusion: When forgetting the artificial joint after TKA is the ultimate target, better quality of life can be acquired by performing TKA via the MMV approach. In addition, compared with the MPP approach, the MMV approach can offer less pain and a faster recovery.
A novel bacterial β- N -acetyl glucosaminidase from Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis possessing transglycosylation and reverse hydrolysis activities
Authors: Zhang Alei , Mo Xiaofang , Zhou Ning , Wang Yingying , Wei Guoguang , Chen Jie , Chen Kequan , Ouyang Pingkai 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: N -acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) and N -acetyl chitooligosaccharides ( N -acetyl COSs) exhibit many biological activities, and have been widely used in the pharmaceutical, agriculture, food, and chemical industries. Particularly, higher N -acetyl COSs with degree of polymerization from 4 to 7 ((GlcNAc) 4 −(GlcNAc) 7 ) show good antitumor and antimicrobial activity, as well as possessing strong stimulating activity towards natural killer cells. Thus, it is of great significance to discover a β- N -acetyl glucosaminidase (NAGase) that can not only produce GlcNAc, but also synthesize higher N -acetyl COSs. Results: The gene encoding the novel β- N -acetyl glucosaminidase, designated C m NAGase, was cloned from Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis SYBC-H1. The deduced amino acid sequence of C m NAGase contains a glycoside hydrolase family 20 catalytic module that shows low identity with the corresponding domain of the well-characterized NAGases. The C m NAGase gene was highly expressed with an active form in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells. The specific activity of purified C m NAGase toward p -nitrophenyl- N -acetyl glucosaminide ( p NP-GlcNAc) was 4,878.6 U/mg of protein. C m NAGase had a molecular mass of 92 kDa, and its optimum activity was at pH 5.4 and 40ºC. The V max , K m , K cat , and K cat / K m of C m NAGase for p NP-GlcNAc were 16,666.67 μmol min -1 mg -1 , 0.50 μmol mL -1 , 25,555.56 s -1 , and 51,111.12 mL μmol -1 s -1 , respectively. Analysis of the hydrolysis products of N -acetyl COSs and colloidal chitin revealed that C m NAGase is a typical exo-acting NAGase. Particularly, C m NAGase can synthesize higher N -acetyl COSs ((GlcNAc) 3 −(GlcNAc) 7 ) from (GlcNAc) 2 −(GlcNAc) 6 , respectively, showed that it possesses transglycosylation activity. In addition, C m NAGase also has reverse hydrolysis activity toward GlcNAc, synthesizing various linked GlcNAc dimers. Conclusion s : The observations recorded in this study that C m NAGase is a novel NAGase with exo-acting, transglycosylation, and reverse hydrolysis activities, suggests a possible application in the production of GlcNAc or higher N -acetyl COSs.
Transcriptome sequencing and metabolome analysis of food habits domestication from live prey fish to artificial diets in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi)
Authors: He Shan , You Jun-Jie , Liang Xu-Fang , Zhang Zhi-Lu , Zhang Yan-Peng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
As economical traits, food habits domestication can reduce production cost in aquaculture. However, the molecular mechanism underlying food habits domestication has remained elusive. Mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) only feed on live prey fish and refuse artificial diets. In the present study, we domesticated mandarin fish to feed on artificial diets. The two groups were obtained, the fish did not eat artificial diets or ate artificial diets during all of the three domestication processes, named Group W or X, respectively.
Results
Using transcriptome and metabolome analysis, we investigated the differentially expressed genes and metabolites between the two groups, and found three common pathways related to food habit domestication, including retinol metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids pathways. Furthermore, the western blotting and bisulfite sequencing PCR analysis were performed. The gene expression of TFIIF and histone methyltransferases ezh1 were significantly increased and decreased in the fish of Group X, respectively. The total DNA methylation levels of TFIIF gene and tri-methylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) were significantly higher and lower in the fish of Group X, respectively.
Conclusion
It was speculated that mandarin fish which could feed on artificial diets, might be attributed to the lower expression of ezh1, resulting in the decreased level of H3K27me3 and increased level of DNA methylation of TFIIF gene. The high expression of TFIIF gene might up-regulate the expression of genes in retinol metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism and glycerophosphoric metabolism pathways. Our study indicated the relationship between the methylation of DNA and histone and food habits domestication, which might be a novel molecular mechanism of food habits domestication in animals.
Intravenous lidocaine to prevent endothelial dysfunction after major abdominal surgery: A randomized controlled pilot trial
Authors: Pustetto Marco , GOLDSZTEJN Nicolas , TOUIHRI Karim , ENGELMAN Edgard , ICKX Brigitte , Obbergh Luc Van 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background. Major abdominal surgery is associated with endothelial glycocalyx disruption. The anti-inflammatory effects of lidocaine were recently associated with endothelial barrier protection.Methods. This was a single-centre, parallel group, randomized, controlled, double blind, pilot trial. Forty adult patients scheduled for major abdominal surgery were included between December 2016 and March 2017 in the setting of a University Hospital in Brussels (Belgium); reasons for non-inclusion were planned liver resection and conditions associated to increased risk of local anesthetics systemic toxicity. Patients were randomized to receive either lidocaine by continuous intravenous administration or an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline. The primary endpoint was the postoperative syndecan-1 concentration (difference between groups). Near-infrared spectroscopy of the thenar eminence in association with the vascular occlusion test, and contemporary analysis of flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery were the secondary outcomes, along with haemodynamic data. Blood samples and data were collected before surgery (T0), and at 1–3 h (T1) and 24 h (T2) post-surgery.Results. Syndecan-1 concentration increased significantly post-surgery (P<0.001), but without any difference between groups. The near-infrared spectroscopy-derived and flow-mediated dilation-derived variables showed minor changes unrelated to group assignment. Compared with the placebo group, the intervention group had a significantly lower peri-operative mean arterial pressure and cardiac index, despite equally conducted goal-directed haemodynamic management. Postoperative lactate concentrations were similar between groups.Conclusions. Lidocaine failed to have any effect on endothelial function. Since in comparisons to other types of clinical situations, syndecan-1 was only slightly upregulated, endothelial dysfunction after major abdominal surgery might be overestimated.
Virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Shigella flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea
Authors: Zhu Zhen , Wang Weiwei , Cao Mingze , Liu Guanhui , Zhou Xuzheng , Li Bing , Shi Yuxiang , Zhang Jiyu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

The natural hosts of Shigella are conventionally humans and other primates; however, the host range of Shigella has been shown to expand to many animals. Although Shigella is becoming a huge threat to animals, there is limited information on the genetic background of local strains. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of virulence factors and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea.
Results

Fifty-four S. flexneri isolates possessed four typical biochemical characteristics of Shigella. The prevalences of ipaH, virA, ipaBCD, ial, sen, set1A, set1B and stx were 100%, 100%, 77.78%, 79.63%, 48.15%, 48.15% and 0, respectively. MLVA based on 8 VNTR loci discriminated the isolates into 39 different MTs, PFGE based on NotI digestion divided the 54 isolates into 31 PTs, and MLST based on 15 housekeeping genes differentiated the isolates into 7 STs.
Conclusion

Our findings of this study have enriched our knowledge of the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri collected from diarrheal calves, which will be important for addressing clinical and epidemiological issues regarding Shigellosis.
Influence of culture conditions on the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) by Arthrospira platensis
Authors: Silva Mariana Barbalho , Azero Edwin G. , Teixeira Cláudia M. L. L. , Andrade Cristina T. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Arthrospira platensis is a cyanobacterium that exhibits a large biotechnological interest for the food industry because of its high protein content, pigments, lipids and carbohydrates. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are co-products of secondary metabolism that may present thickening or gelling property. A 3-level factorial design was used to study the combined effect of different nitrate concentrations and photon flux density (PFD) to evaluate the biomass and EPS production by Arthrospira platensis. The best result for biomass production was obtained under condition 6 (2 g.L-1 NaNO3 and 600 µE.m-2s-1) leading a biomass concentration of 1.292 mg.L-1. Condition 1 (0.25 g.L-1NaNO3 and 200 µE.m-2s-1) produced the major EPS yield (111 mg.g-1) followed by condition 9 (2 g.L-1NaNO3 and 1000 µE.m-2s-1). The present of carboxylate and sulfate functional groups was identified in EPS samples. Rheological studies performed for some EPS products at 5 and 10 g.L-1 concentrations revealed a dilute solution behavior.
Investigating selected host and parasite factors potentially impacting upon seasonal malaria chemoprevention in Bama, Burkina Faso
Authors: Somé Anyirékun , Bazié Thomas , Y. Ehrlich Hanna , Goodwin Justin , Lehane Aine , Neya Cathérine , Kabre Zakary , Wade Martina , OUATTARA Jean-Marie , Foy Brian , Dabiré K. Roch , Parikh Sunil , Ouédraogo Jean-Bosco 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Since 2014, seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) with amodiaquine-sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (AQ-SP) has been implemented on a large scale during the high malaria transmission season in Burkina Faso. We report in this paper the prevalence of microscopic and submicroscopic malaria infection at the outset and after the first round of SMC in children under five years old in Bama, Burkina Faso, as well as host and parasite factors involved in mediating the efficacy and tolerability of SMC. Methods: Two sequential cross-sectional surveys were conducted in late July and August 2017 during the first month of SMC in a rural area in southwest Burkina Faso. Blood smears and dried blood spots were collected from 106 and 93 children under five, respectively, at the start of SMC and again three weeks later. Malaria infection was detected by microscopy and by PCR from dried blood spots. For all children, day 7 plasma concentrations of desethyl-amodiaquine (DEAQ) were measured and CYP2C8 genetic variants influencing AQ metabolism were genotyped. Samples were additionally genotyped for pfcrt K76T and pfmdr1 N86Y, molecular markers associated with reduced amodiaquine susceptibility. Results: 2.8% (3/106) of children were positive for Plasmodium falciparum infection by microscopy and 13.2% (14/106) by nested PCR within 2 days of SMC administration. Three weeks after SMC administration, in the same households, 4.3% (4/93) of samples were positive by microscopy and 14.0% (13/93) by PCR (p=0.0007). CYP2C8*2, associated with impaired amodiaquine metabolism, was common with an allelic frequency of 17.1% (95%CI=10.0-24.2). Day 7 concentration of DEAQ ranged from 0.48 to 362.80 ng/mL with a median concentration of 56.34 ng/mL. Pfmdr1 N86 predominated at both time points, whilst a non-significant trend towards a higher prevalence of pfcrt 76T was seen at week 3. Conclusion: This study showed a moderate prevalence of low-level malaria parasitemia in children 3 weeks following SMC during the first month of administration. Day 7 concentrations of the active DEAQ metabolite varied widely, likely reflecting variability in adherence and possibly metabolism. Our findings highlight factors that may contribute to the effectiveness of SMC in children in a high transmission setting.