bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the impact of CSR domain on brand relationship quality
Authors: Shankar Amit , Yadav Rambalak 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe study investigates the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) domain on millennials' brand relationship quality (BRQ). It also attempts to understand how the relationship between CSR domain and millennials' BRQ is moderated by consumer moral foundation and skepticism.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a 2 (CSR domain: individual versus group) × 2 (moral foundation: individualizing versus binding) × 2 (consumer skepticism: high versus low) between-subjects experimental design. MANCOVA was performed to examine the hypothesis.FindingsThe results show that group domain CSR practices have more impact on millennials' BRQ compared to individual domain CSR practices. The findings also reported the moderating effect of skepticism and consumer moral foundation in influencing the relationship between CSR domain and millennials' BRQ.Research limitations/implicationsAs the study was conducted in India, the findings are not generalizable to customers from other countries.Practical implicationsPractically, the findings will help marketers in designing their CSR practices to enhance BRQ among millennials.Originality/valueThe study has considered CSR as a heterogeneous action (CSR domain: individual versus group-oriented) and measured its impact on millennials' BRQ. The study is the first of its kind to examine the impact of CSR domain (heterogenous CSR action) on millennials' BRQ (BRQ as a multi-dimensional construct) in services industry, specifically for the banks. This study enriches bank marketing literature by adding a new CSR perspective.
Meaningful work on career satisfaction: a moderated mediation model of job embeddedness and work-based social support
Authors: Dechawatanapaisal Decha 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to examine a moderated mediation model for answering how and why work meaningfulness influences career satisfaction through job embeddedness as an intervening mechanism. There is also an investigation of how work-based social support from supervisors and co-workers are contingent upon such effect.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 1,137 accountants in various disciplines from one of the largest corporations in Thailand, including its numerous subsidiaries and joint ventures. The hypotheses were tested and analyzed by means of structural equation modeling, hierarchical regression and a bootstrapping procedure.FindingsThe results reveal that the direct relationship between meaningful work and career satisfaction was partially mediated by job embeddedness. Perceptions of supervisor and co-worker support were found to have moderating effects on meaningful work and job embeddedness. However, the conditional indirect effect was only confirmed for supervisor support.Research limitations/implicationsThe generalizability of the findings may be narrow due to the nature of the sample, which involved only one occupation. Future research may expand the generalizability by considering different vocations, business contexts and industries.Practical implicationsThis study offers important implications to researchers and practitioners by highlighting that an integrative model of organizational factors should be considered in managing human resources.Originality/valueThis research is among the initial attempts to extend relevant knowledge in the fields of meaningful work and job embeddedness by identifying organizational mechanisms that amplify the structural relationship.
Relationship-centred CogniCare: an academic–digital–dementia care experts interface
Authors: Macaden Leah , Muirhead Kevin , Melchiorre Giulia , Mantle Ruth , Ditta Geraldine , Giangreco Adam 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to reports on an academic–industry service development innovation to advance the symptom monitor and track feature within the CogniCare app to support family carers of people living with dementia. Expert opinion from dementia care professionals identified key monitoring strategies for enhanced carer competence and confidence in the early identification of relevant symptoms that would help facilitate meaningful hospital/social care consultations.

Design/methodology/approach
A co-production approach between industry and academia included stakeholder representation from NHS Highland and Alzheimer Scotland. Dementia care experts validated items to be included for symptom monitoring and tracking using a newly developed A2BC2D2EF2 framework as part of this project and recommended additional strategies for monitoring symptom change, including carer well-being.

Findings
Dementia care experts perceived the symptom monitoring and track feature to have the potential to support family carers with dementia care at home and foster a relationship-centred approach to dementia care to facilitate meaningful hospital/social care consultations.

Originality/value
The CogniCare app is the first platform of its kind that aims to support family carers to care for people living with dementia at home. This unique service development collaborative combined dementia and digital expertise to create innovative digital solutions for dementia care. The proposed monitoring and tracking feature is perceived by dementia care experts as a tool with the potential to enhance carer confidence and thus enable safe and effective dementia care within the home environment.
Impacts of recurrent dry and wet years alter long‐term tree growth trajectories
Authors: Serra‐Maluquer Xavier , Granda Elena , Camarero Jesús J. , Vilà‐Cabrera Albert , Jump Alistair S. , Sánchez‐Salguero Raúl , Sangüesa‐Barreda Gabriel , Imbert Juan B. , Gazol Antonio 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Climate extremes, such as abnormally dry and wet conditions, generate abrupt shifts in tree growth, a situation which is expected to increase under predicted climate conditions. Thus, it is crucial to understand factors determining short‐ and long‐term tree performance in response to higher frequency and intensity of climate extremes.

We evaluated how three successive droughts and wet years influenced short‐ and long‐term growth of six dominant Iberian tree species. Within species variation in growth response to repeated dry and wet years was evaluated as a function of individual traits related to resource and water use (diameter at breast height [DBH], wood density [WD] and specific leaf area [SLA]) and tree‐to‐tree competition across climatically contrasted populations. Furthermore, we assessed how short‐term accumulated impacts of the repeated dry and wet years influenced long‐term growth performance.

All species showed strong short‐term growth decreases and enhancements due to repeated dry and wet years. However, patterns of accumulated growth decreases (AcGD) and enhancements (AcGE) across climatically contrasting populations were species‐specific. Furthermore, individual trait data were weakly associated with either AcGD or AcGE and the few relevant associations were found for conifers. Intraspecific variations in tree growth responses to repeated climates extremes were large, and not explained by intraspecific variability in SLA and WD. Accumulated impacts of repeated dry and wet years were related to long‐term growth trends, showing how the recurrence of climate extremes can determine growth trajectories. The relationships of AcGD and AcGE with long‐term growth trends were more common in conifers species.

Synthesis. Repeated climate extremes do not only cause short‐term growth reductions and enhancements but also determine long‐term tree growth trajectories. This result shows how repeated droughts can lead to growth decline. Conifers were more susceptible to the accumulated effects of extreme weather events indicating that in the future, more intense and frequent climate extremes will alter growth performance in forests dominated by these species.
Systemic mitochondrial disruption is a key event in the toxicity of bacterial pore‐forming toxins to Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Shi Jianwei , Zhang Fengjuan , Chen Ling , Bravo Alejandra , Soberón Mario , Sun Ming 
Published: December 2020

SummaryPore‐forming toxins (PFTs) are important weapons of multiple bacterial pathogens to establish their infections. PFTs generally form pores in the plasma membrane of target cells; however, the intracellular pathogenic processes triggered after pore‐formation remain poorly understood. Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model and Bacillus thuringiensis nematicidal Cry PFTs, we show here that the localized PFT attack causes a systemic mitochondrial damage, important for the PFT toxicity. We find that PFTs punch pores only in gut cells of nematodes, but unexpectedly mitochondrial disruption is able to occur in distal unperforated regions, such as the head and muscle tissues. We demonstrate that PFTs affect the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complex I resulting in the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), which causes further mitochondrial fragmentation and the reduction of total mitochondrial content. Worms with decreased ΔΨm or inhibited MRC activity show higher sensitivity to PFTs. The inhibition of mitochondrial fission or the increase of mitochondrial content markedly improves the survival of animals treated with PFTs. These findings suggest that mitochondrial changes underpin PFT‐mediated toxicity against nematodes and that systemic mitochondrial disruption caused by localized pore‐formation represents a conserved key intracellular event in the mode of action of PFTs.
Ethanol Exposure Attenuates Immune Response in Sepsis via Sirtuin 2 Expression
Authors: Gandhirajan Anugraha , Roychowdhury Sanjoy , Kibler Christopher , Bauer Seth R. , Nagy Laura E. , Vachharajani Vidula 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundSepsis and septic shock kill over 270,000 patients per year in the United States. Sepsis transitions from a hyper‐inflammatory to a hypo‐inflammatory phase. Alcohol dependence is a risk factor for mortality from sepsis. Ethanol (EtOH) exposure impairs pathogen clearance through mechanisms that are not fully understood. Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) interferes with pathogen clearance in immune cells but its role in the effects of EtOH on sepsis is unknown. We studied the effect of EtOH exposure on hyper‐ and hypo‐inflammation and the role of SIRT2 in mice.MethodsWe exposed C57Bl/6 (WT) mice to EtOH via drinking water and used intraperitoneal cecal slurry (CS)‐induced sepsis to study: (i) 7‐day survival, (ii) leukocyte adhesion (LA) in the mesenteric microcirculation during hyper‐ and hypo‐inflammation, (iii) peritoneal cavity bacterial clearance, and (iv) SIRT2 expression in peritoneal macrophages. Using EtOH‐exposed and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated RAW 264.7 (RAW) cell macrophages for 4 hours or 24 hours, we studied: (i) tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), interleukin‐10 (IL‐10), and SIRT2 expression, and (ii) the effect of the SIRT2 inhibitor AK‐7 on inflammatory response at 24 hours. Lastly, we studied the effect of EtOH on sepsis in whole body Sirt2 knockout (SIRT2KO) mice during hyper‐ and hypo‐inflammation, bacterial clearance, and 7‐day survival.ResultsWT EtOH‐sepsis mice showed: (i) Decreased survival, (ii) Muted LA in the microcirculation, (iii) Lower plasma TNF‐α and IL‐6 expression, (iv) Decreased bacterial clearance, and (v) Increased SIRT2 expression in peritoneal macrophages versus vehicle‐sepsis. EtOH‐exposed LPS‐stimulated RAW cells showed: (i) Muted TNF‐α, IL‐6, and increased IL‐10 expression at 4 hours, (ii) endotoxin tolerance at 24 hours, and (iii) reversal of endotoxin tolerance with the SIRT2 inhibitor AK‐7. EtOH‐exposed SIRT2KO‐sepsis mice showed greater 7‐day survival, LA, and bacterial clearance than WT EtOH‐sepsis mice.ConclusionEtOH exposure decreases survival and reduces the inflammatory response to sepsis via increased SIRT2 expression. SIRT2 is a potential therapeutic target in EtOH with sepsis.
Clinical and biochemical discriminants between functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea (FHA) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Authors: Phylactou Maria , Clarke Sophie A. , Patel Bijal , Baggaley Caitlin , Jayasena Channa N. , Kelsey Tom W. , Comninos Alexander N. , Dhillo Waljit S. , Abbara Ali 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundSecondary oligo/amenorrhoea occurs in 3%–5% of women of reproductive age. The two most common causes are polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (2%–13%) and functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea (FHA) (1%–2%). Whilst both conditions have distinct pathophysiology and their diagnosis is supported by guidelines, in practice, differentiating these two common causes of menstrual disturbance is challenging. Moreover, both diagnoses are qualified by the need to first exclude other causes of menstrual disturbance.AimTo review clinical, biochemical and radiological parameters that could aid the clinician in distinguishing PCOS and FHA as a cause of menstrual disturbance.ResultsFHA is uncommon in women with BMI > 24 kg/m2, whereas both PCOS and FHA can occur in women with lower BMIs. AMH levels are markedly elevated in PCOS; however, milder increases may also be observed in FHA. Likewise, polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) is more frequently observed in FHA than in healthy women. Features that are differentially altered between PCOS and FHA include LH, androgen, insulin, AMH and SHBG levels, endometrial thickness and cortisol response to CRH. Other promising diagnostic tests with the potential to distinguish these two conditions pending further study include assessment of 5‐alpha‐reductase activity, leptin, INSL3, kisspeptin and inhibin B levels.ConclusionFurther data directly comparing the discriminatory potential of these markers to differentiate PCOS and FHA in women with secondary amenorrhoea would be of value in defining an objective probability for PCOS or FHA diagnosis.
Hand function and self‐care in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Burgess Andrea , Boyd Roslyn N , Chatfield Mark D , Ziviani Jenny , Wotherspoon Jane , Sakzewski Leanne 
Published: December 2020

AimTo examine the relationship between self‐care and bimanual performance in children aged 8 to 12 years with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodThis was a cross‐sectional study of 74 children with CP (unilateral n=30, bilateral n=44; 48 males, 26 females; median age 9y 8mo [25th, 75th centiles 9y 1mo, 10y 8mo], Manual Abilities Classification System level I=30, II=28, III=16). Self‐care was measured using the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory–Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI‐CAT), and bimanual performance using the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA) and Both Hands Assessment (BoHA). Measures of cognition, behavioural regulation, inattention, and gross motor function were included. Analyses used a directed acyclic graph to select variables for linear regression modelling.ResultsHigher AHA and BoHA scores were associated with higher PEDI‐CAT scores. An increase of 1 AHA unit was associated with an increase of 0.12 PEDI‐CAT scores, and a 1 BoHA unit increase was associated with an increase of 0.17 PEDI‐CAT scores. The BoHA accounted for 57% of variance in PEDI‐CAT scores for children with bilateral CP, while BoHA and cognition accounted for 68% of variance. The AHA accounted for 40% of variance in PEDI‐CAT scores for unilateral CP with no effect of cognition on self‐care.InterpretationSelf‐care was strongly and positively associated with bimanual performance. Associations between self‐care and bimanual performance differed for those with unilateral and bilateral CP.What this paper adds

There is a strong positive relationship between self‐care and bimanual performance for unilateral and bilateral cerebral palsy (CP).

Both Hands Assessment (BoHA) scores have a stronger association with self‐care than Assisting Hand Assessment scores.

BoHA scores also account for more variation in self‐care.

There is a strong positive relationship between self‐care and cognition overall.

The effect of cognition on self‐care performance differed for bilateral and unilateral CP.
Measuring Comparison Effects: A Critical View on the Internal/External Frame of Reference Model
Authors: Wolff Fabian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe internal/external frame of reference (I/E) model describes the formation of students’ math and verbal self‐concepts by the joint effects of social comparisons (where students compare their subject‐specific achievements with those of their classmates) and dimensional comparisons (where students compare their math and verbal achievements with each other). To date, researchers have examined this model in dozens of studies. However, these studies have overestimated the effects of social comparisons because they did not recognize that the social comparison effects in the I/E model also result from dimensional comparisons. This article aims to explain this misunderstanding by developing the difference I/E (dIff/E) model, which represents the joint effects of social and dimensional comparisons more adequately than the classic I/E model. Specific findings of prior I/E model studies are discussed, which require a reinterpretation or only become plausible in light of this research's insights (e.g., where researchers compared the social comparison effects in the I/E model between groups). Moreover, empirical data are analyzed to provide support for the validity of the dIff/E model. As a key conclusion, researchers should understand that the social comparison effects in the I/E model do not only represent effects of social comparisons.
Submerged macrophytes affect the temporal variability of aquatic ecosystems
Authors: Lürig Moritz D. , Best Rebecca J. , Dakos Vasilis , Matthews Blake 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Submerged macrophytes are important foundation species that can strongly influence the structure and functioning of aquatic ecosystems, but only little is known about the temporal variation and the timescales of these effects (i.e. from hourly, daily, to monthly).

Here, we conducted an outdoor experiment in replicated mesocosms (1,000 L) where we manipulated the presence and absence of macrophytes to investigate the temporal variability of their ecosystem effects. We measured several parameters (chlorophyll‐a, phycocyanin, dissolved organic matter [DOM], and oxygen) with high‐resolution sensors (15‐min intervals) over several months (94 days from spring to autumn), and modelled metabolic rates of each replicate ecosystem in a Bayesian framework. We also implemented a simple model to explore competitive interactions between phytoplankton and macrophytes as a driver of variability in chlorophyll‐a.

Over the entire experiment, macrophytes had a positive effect on mean DOM concentration, a negative effect on phytoplankton biomass, and either a weak or no effect on mean metabolic rates, DOM composition, and conductivity. We also found that macrophytes increased the variance of dissolved organic carbon composition and metabolic rates, and, occasionally in the observed period, increased the variance of phytoplankton biomass and conductivity. The observation that macrophytes decreased the mean but increased the variance of phytoplankton biomass was consistent with the model that we implemented.

Our high‐resolution time series embedded within a manipulative experiment reveal how a foundation species can affect ecosystem properties and processes that have characteristically different timescales of response to environmental variation. Specifically, our results show how macrophytes can affect short‐term dynamics of algal biomass, while also affecting the seasonal build‐up of DOM and the variance of ecosystem metabolism.
The effect of rice bran on physicochemical, textural and glycaemic properties of ready‐to‐eat extruded corn snacks
Authors: Renoldi Niccolò , Peighambardoust Seyed Hadi , Peressini Donatella 
Published: December 2020

SummaryIn this work, corn extruded snack products were enriched with rice bran (RB) at 10% and 15%. A co‐rotating twin‐screw extruder was used with a feed moisture content of 16 g 100 g−1, a screw speed of 240 r.p.m. and four heating sections of the barrel (100, 140, 150 and 150 °C). The impact of RB inclusion on nutritional profile, starch digestion, physicochemical and textural properties of snack products was evaluated. RB‐enriched extrudates showed a lower specific volume and hardness and higher crispness than control. RB at 15% gave a water‐holding capacity lower than control. Rheology of extrudate dispersions indicated an increase in elastic interactions and solid‐like behaviour with RB supplementation. Differences in rheological properties resulted in attenuation of predictive glycaemic response for RB‐enriched snacks.
Pandemics in ancient Greek and Roman coinage: medical memories at the service of hope
Authors: Iniesta Ivan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMedical goddesses and gods invoked in the Hippocratic Oath were called on in times of pandemics along with Greek physicians such as Galen of Pergamum. Ancient Greek and Roman coinage provide insights into the coexisting religious and rational approaches to medicine rooted in Classical Antiquity, portraying medical symbols and gestures akin to contemporary medicine.
Motivation, engagement, and performance across multiple virtual reality sessions and levels of immersion
Authors: Huang Wen , Roscoe Rod D. , Johnson‐Glenberg Mina C. , Craig Scotty D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study investigated changes in learners' motivation, engagement, performance, and spatial reasoning over time and across different levels of virtual reality (VR) immersion. Undergraduate participants explored a virtual solar system via a moderately immersive or highly immersive VR platform over three sessions. In a third condition, participants initially learned with moderate immersion and transitioned to higher immersion after the second session. Following research on novelty effects, we explored whether subjective experiences and performance would decline over time (e.g., decreasing motivation or performance) as participants became familiar with the virtual environment and tools. However, we hypothesized that transitional immersion (i.e., switching from moderate to higher immersion) might lead to a renewed sense of novelty. Results suggested that both moderate and higher levels of immersion were motivating, engaging, and supportive of learning. In contrast to predictions based on novelty effects, these outcomes did not decline overall as learners gained familiarity with the systems. However, transitional immersion emerged as a promising and testable pedagogical approach for future VR education. All participants also showed gains in spatial reasoning.
Innovative use of concentrated growth factors combined with corticosteroids to treat discoid lupus erythematosus alopecia: A case report
Authors: Fang Huijuan , Liu Qingwu , Cheng Tiantian , Yang Chaowei , Wu Ruiying , Yang Zhishan , Yang Dingquan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAlopecia for patients with discoid lupus erythematosus can sometimes be a refractory condition, where mixed infiltrates of T lymphocytes and histiocytes leads to destruction of hair follicles, which might cause permanent scarring. Early diagnosis and timely treatment can achieve hair regeneration and prevent further disease progression. Concentrated growth factor, a novel autologous plasma extract, contains various growth factors that could promote tissue regeneration. In this article, we report a case of cell growth factor combined with corticosteroids for the treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus alopecia. This case study concludes with satisfactory clinical effect.