bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of online group counselling programs on substance use, mental health, and physical health among adults: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Currie Cheryl L , Larouche Richard , Voss M. L. , Higa Erin K. , Spiwak Rae , Scott David , Tallow Treena 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 has resulted in an increased demand for online mental health services globally. There is emerging evidence for the efficacy for group online interventions that support population-based mental health, but a systematic review is lacking. The primary objective of this rapid systematic review is to summarize the evidence for online group counselling programs for adults. A second objective is to assess, within studies selected for our primary objective, the impact of online group counselling programs that encourage PA on outcomes compared to those that do not.Methods and Design: Randomized controlled trials that assess the impact of online group counselling programs on substance use, mental health, or physical health among community dwelling adults will be searched in MEDLINE, PsycInfo, CINHAL, and the Central Register of Controlled Trials. The review will be structured using PRISMA guidelines. Studies will be synthesized using the Cochrane Handbook and Synthesis Without Meta-Analysis (SWiM) reporting guideline. Quality will be evaluated using GRADE. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool; with higher quality studies prioritized when drawing conclusions. The role of sex and gender will be considered as well as possible gender biases at all stages of the review.Discussion: This review will examine the effectiveness of online counselling programs that can be delivered to populations in a group format, and thus in a potentially cost-effective way. Findings will inform the decisions of governments, communities, and health care organizations responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. Systematic review registration: The protocol has been registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42020187551).
Has the Indian lockdown averted deaths?
Authors: Raju Suvrat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Within the context of SEIR models, we consider a lockdown that is both imposed and lifted at an early stage of an epidemic. We show that, in these models, although such a lockdown may delay deaths, it eventually does not avert a significant number of fatalities. Therefore, in these models, the efficacy of a lockdown cannot be gauged by simply comparing figures for the deaths at the end of the lockdown with the projected figure for deaths by the same date without the lockdown. We provide a simple but robust heuristic argument to explain why this conclusion should generalize to more elaborate compartmental models. We qualitatively discuss some conditions, beyond the scope of simple models, under which a lockdown might increase or decrease the epidemic's final toll in the real world. We conclude that SEIR models and their generalizations provide no reliable quantitative evidence that the Indian lockdown has averted any deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Clinical and Radiographic Comparisons of Distal Tibia Shaft Fractures Stabilized with an Intramedullary Nail: Blocking Pin Versus Blocking Screw
Authors: Wu Haotian , Bai Xiaodong , Song Zhaohui , Yao Shuangquan , Liu Song , Ma Lijie , Ren Pengcheng , Wang Pengcheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Distal tibia shaft fractures have a high risk of mal-alignment when treated with intramedullary nailing (IMN). Permanent blocking screws (BSs) and temporary blocking pins (BPs) are often used as supplements to help IMN get good alignment. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of temporary BPs and permanent BSs for distal tibia shaft fractures.Methods: From March 2014 to May 2019, a total of 89 patients with distal tibia shaft fractures were included in this retrospective study and divided into two groups. All fractures were located below the isthmus but 4 cm above the tibial plafond. The differences in operating time, intraoperative bleeding, fibula plate fixation, number of BP/BS, initial and final alignment, loss of reduction, fracture healing time, and postoperative complications were analyzed. Functional outcomes of the ankle were assessed with the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score.Results: All patients underwent a minimum follow-up of 13 months. The operating time was (73.9±6.1) min and (80.2±8.6) min in the BP group and BS group, respectively (P < 0.05); intraoperative bleeding was (88.2±18.0) mL and (92.9±26.6) mL, respectively (P > 0.05); initial reduction deformity in coronal plane was (0.5±2.3) degrees and (0.9±2.3) degrees, respectively (P > 0.05); final alignment deformity in coronal plane was (1.2±2.7) degrees and (1.3±2.4) degrees, respectively (P > 0.05); initial reduction deformity in sagittal plane was (0.6±2.2) degrees and (0.6±2.4) degrees, respectively (P > 0.05); final alignment deformity in sagittal plane was (0.9±2.3) degrees and (1.0±2.2) degrees, respectively (P > 0.05); As for the loss of reduction, there was no significant difference in sagittal plane between the two groups(P > 0.05). Although the loss of reduction in the coronal plane of the BP group (0.8±0.7 degrees) is statistically higher than that of the BS group (0.5±0.5 degrees), the small difference was not clinically important (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found between the two groups in fracture healing time, AOFAS score and complications (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Both temporary BP and permanent BS can help achieve equivalent overall alignment. However, BP technique is simpler and takes less time.
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acids in Osteoarthritic Knee, Detected by Ultrasonography
Authors: Khuangsirikul Saradej , Yuwapan Apiwat , Heebthamai Danai , Chotanaphuti Thanainit 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Synovial hypertrophy is one of the pathological characteristics of knee osteoarthritis (OA), which is associated with the inflammation process and disease severity. Ultrasonography (US) is a practical tool to monitor disease progression and the response to treatment. Intra-articular hyaluronic acid (IAHA) is one of the commonly-used alternative treatments for knee OA. In this study, we used US to assess the effects of cross-linked hyaluronic acid, in terms of minimizing inflammation, by comparing synovial thickness before and after IAHA.Methods: Seventy-nine OA patients (107 knees, KL II-III and KL IV with surgery refusal) were treated with cross-linked IAHA and underwent US before IAHA at 4-week and 3-month follow-up visits after injection. Comparisons of synovial thickness before and after injection were analyzed. Clinical outcomes were also evaluated by the recording of the visual analog scale for pain (pain VAS).Results: The overall synovial thickness was significantly decreased after IAHA at 4 weeks (p=0.01). The thickness was significantly reduced in KL II (p=0.01), but not significant in KL III and IV (p=0.096 and 0.083, respectively). In KL IV, the thickness was significantly increased at 3 months after IAHA (p=0.02).The pain VAS improved gradually at 4 weeks and 3 months after IAHA, significantly (p < 0.001) in all KL stages.Conclusion: Cross-linked hyaluronic acid injection provided pain relief in all KL stages at 4 weeks and lasted at least 3 months. However, its anti-inflammation action was temporary and predominated only in patients with early-stage OA knee. Concerning inflammation as a major risk factor for OA progression, adjunct intervention after IAHA should be added to enhance the therapeutic effect and prevent further joint destruction. IRBRTA: R074h/62
Type 2 diabetes and glycemic traits are not causal factors of osteoarthritis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Cui Zhiyong , Feng Hui , He Baichuan , Xing Yong , Liu Zhaorui , Tian Yun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: It remains unclear whether an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects the risk of osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: Here, we used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to obtain non-confounded estimates of the effect of T2D and glycemic traits on hip and knee OA. We identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) strongly associated with T2D, fasting glucose (FG) and 2-hour postprandial glucose (2hGlu) from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) . We used MR inverse variance weighted (IVW), the MR-Egger method, the weighted median (WM) and Robust Adjusted Profile Score (MR.RAPS) to reveal the associations of T2D, FG and 2hGlu with hip and knee OA risk. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted to verify whether heterogeneity and pleiotropy can bias the MR results.Results: We did not find statistically significant causal effects of genetically increased T2D risk, FG and 2hGlu on hip and knee OA (e.g., T2D and hip OA, MR-Egger OR=0.9536, 95% CI 0.5585 to 1.6283, p=0.8629). It was confirmed that horizontal pleiotropy was unlikely to bias the causality (e.g., T2D and hip OA, MR-Egger, intercept=-0.0032, p=0.8518). No evidence of heterogeneity was found between the genetic variants (e.g., T2D and hip OA, MR-Egger Q=40.5481, I2=0.1368, p=0.2389). Conclusions: Our MR study did not support causal effects of a genetically increased T2D risk, FG and 2hGlu on hip and knee OA risk.
Proliferative Synovitis, an Ultrasound Pattern Associated with ACPA positive Patients, Erosive Disease and Enhanced Need to Change Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Ramírez Julio , Azuaga-Piñango Ana Belen , Frade-Sosa Beatriz , Gumucio-Sanguino Roberto , Cajiao-Sanchez Katherine , Cuervo Andrea , Celis Raquel , Narvaez Jose Antonio , Ruiz-Esq Virginia , Castellanos-Moreira Raul , Ponce Andres , Gómez-Puerta Jose , Pablos Jose Luis , Sanmarti Raimon , Cañete Juan D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives: To analyze ultrasound (US) differences between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients according to their autoantibody status and characterize the clinical, immunological and radiological features associated with the US pattern of seropositive patients.Methods: We collected clinical and immunological data along with bilateral hand US images of RA patients. Serum biomarkers, MRI of dominant hand and immunostaining of synovial biopsies were performed.Results: Two hundred and five RA patients were collected (84.8% seropositive). No significant differences in disease activity/therapy were found according to autoantibodies status. An extreme proliferative US pattern, encompassing synovial hypertrophy grade II-III with Power Doppler signal that we called US Proliferative Synovitis (US PS) was present in 55.5% of seropositive and 16.1% of seronegative patients, (p=0.0001). In the multivariate analysis, erosions [OR 4.90 CI 95% (2.17-11.07). p=0.0001] and ACPA [OR 3.5 CI 95% (1.39-10.7), p=0.09] but not RF status [OR 0.74 CI 95% (0.31-1.71), p=0.483] were independently associated with the presence of US PS. Ninety-four per cent of joints with US PS scored 2-3 in RAMRIS synovitis sub-index. At synovial level, US PS was significantly associated with higher density of vessels (p=0.042). Moreover, significantly higher serum levels of angiogenic and inflammatory cytokines were found in patients with US PS. After a mean of 46 months of follow-up, US PS was independently associated with change of therapy (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.20-5.77, p=0.016).Conclusions: ACPA+ RA was associated with US PS. This US pattern significantly detected erosive disease and an enhanced need to change therapy in the long-term.
The microbiologic spectrum of dacryocystitis
Authors: Luo Ban , Li Mu , Xiang Nan , Hu Weikun , Liu Rong , Yan Xiaoqin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
To investigate the microbiologic spectrum of dacryocystitis in adult and pediatric groups, specifically the microbiologic differences between chronic dacryocystitis with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) and acute dacryocystitis in pediatric group.
Methods
This retrospective study was reviewed for demographic and microbiologic profile of dacryocystitis. The culture results were reported.
Results
Sixty-four adults and one hundred and five pediatrics with dacryocystitis were included in this study. Of all adults, only chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO was observed. Of all pediatrics, 89 had chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO and 16 had acute dacryocystitis. Gram positive and negative isolates were numerically equal in adult group (both 36(48.65%)), while gram positive isolates were the major organism in pediatric group (71(58.68%)). Streptococcus pneumonia was the most common isolate in both adult (11(14.86%)) and pediatric (30(24.79%)) dacryocystitis. For both pediatric subgroups, gram positive isolates were the major organism (59(57.84%) for chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO and 12 (63.16%) for acute dacryocystitis). However, the leading isolates in those two subgroups were distinct, with Streptococcus pneumonia (29(28.43%)) being most common in chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO and Staphylococcus aureus (8(42.11%)) being most common in acute dacryocystitis.
Conclusions
In adult group, gram negative isolates became more common in dacryocystitis than before. In pediatric group, gram positive isolates were still the major infection pathogen. Moreover, the more virulent organisms were more common in acute dacryocystitis than chronic dacryocystitis with NLDO.
Prognostic and Molecular Classification Value of Ki-67 Index in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Chang-song , An Junling , Yun Tian , Wang Xiaoyue , Ren Lei , Meng Nian-long , Cao Yan-sha , Lv Xue-xia , Li Fu-lin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The Ki-67, which is a proliferative index, became more important in making treatment decisions of breast cancers. But a few factors limited its use in clinical practices, especially the assessment of positive cells percentage of Ki-67 and the cut-off value of Ki-67. In this study, we examined the expression of Ki-67 by immunohistochemical method, and evaluated the value of Ki-67 index in patients with breast cancers systematically.Methods: The expression of Ki-67 was detected by immunohistochemical method, the relationship between over-survive (OS), disease free survive (DFS) of patients with BCs and Ki-67 index，and the value of Ki-67 in molecular classification of BC were analyzed with SPSS ver. 18.0 and GraphPad Prism software.Results: There were markedly difference between OS in patients with BC when the Ki-67 index arranged from 46% to 68% (χ2 = 6.87, P = 0.0088; χ2 = 7.69, P = 0.0056 respectively), and the same results were also found when the positive density was added to the Ki-67 index, but the positive density has limited value in assessment the value of Ki-67. There were markedly difference between DFS in BCs when the Ki-67 index arranged from 50% to 58% (χ2 = 7.31, P = 0.0068; χ2 = 7.88, P = 0.005). When using 14% as a cut-off point to classify the molecular type of BC, the Luminal A-type patients had statistical differences with patients with HER-2 over-expression, with triple negative type BC in term of OS respectively (χ2 = 4.8, P = 0.028; χ2 = 3.89, P = 0.049). There’s statistical difference between OS of patients with HER-2 over-expression BC when the Ki-67 index fell in the range of 49%- 60% (χ2 =4.97, P = 0.0259; χ2 =5.61, P = 0.0178, respectively). There were statistical differences between the Luminal A-type BC and HER-2 over-expression BC in term of OS (χ2 = 4.65, P = 0.031) according to suggestions of the CSCO consensus in 2019, there were statistical differences between two groups of Luminal B HER-2 (-) type BCs when the Ki-67 index was 52% (χ2=6.61, P = 0.0101).Conclusions: Ki-67 index can be used to assess the OS and DFS of patients with BC, and the positive density of Ki-67 has little value in assessment of prognosis in patients with BC. Different molecular classification methods may influence the assessment of prognosis and the results of molecular type in patients with BC.
Factors impacting social distancing measures for preventing coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]: A systematic review
Authors: Regmi Krishna , Lwin Cho Mar 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Social distancing measures (SDMs) protect the health of the public from coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection. However, the impact of SDMs has been inconsistent and unclear. This study aims to review the factors impacting SDMs (e.g. isolation, quarantine) for reducing the transmission of COVID-19.Methods: A systematic review was conducted. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Allied & Complementary Medicine, COVID-19 Research and WHO database on COVID-19 for primary studies assessing the enablers and barriers associated with SDMs, and reported in accordance with PRISMA statement. We used JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for the cross-sectional survey and Qualitative Research to assess the methodological qualities and synthesised performing thematic analysis. Two reviewers independently screened the papers and extracted data.Results: A total of 1235 citations were identified, of which 16 were found to be relevant. The studies reported in two broad categories, under seven separate themes: positive impact of SDMs, effective public health interventions, positive change in people’s behaviour, worries and concerns about COVID-19, roles of mass media, physical and psychological impacts, and ethnicity/age associated with COVID-19.Conclusion: The identified evidence signals that SDMs are generally effective for preventing or reducing transmission. There is a scope and need to find the best methods and approaches at the primary healthcare level in terms of developing objective measures and interventions to establish the link between different factors and SDMs and reducing transmission of COVID-19 trend effectively, efficiently and equitably.
The clinical characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19 patients with cerebral stroke：a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yao Xiaolong , Liu Shengwen , Wang Junwen , Zhao Kai , Long Xiaobing , He Xuejun , Kang Huicong , Yang Yiping , Ma Xiaopeng , Yue Pengjie , Shu Kai , Tang Zhouping , Lei Ting , Liu Jihong , Wang Wei , Zhang Huaqiu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19 patients with cerebral stroke.Methods: In this retrospective study, 2474 patients with COVID-19 were admitted and treated in Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan from February 10, 2020, to March 24, 2020. Data on the clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters and prognosis of COVID-19 patients with or without cerebral stroke were collected and comparatively analyzed.Results: Of 2474 COVID-19 patients (61.0±15.7 years; 1235 males [49.9%]), 113 (4.7%) patients had cerebral stroke, and 25 (1.0%) patients had a new onset of stroke. Eighty-eight (77.9%) patients in the previous stroke group had cerebral ischemia, while 25 (22.1%) patients in the new-onset stroke group had cerebral ischemia. Most COVID-19 patients with stroke were elderly with more complicated disorders, such as hypertension, diabetes and heart diseases. Laboratory examinations showed a hypercoagulation status and elevated serum parameters such as IL-6, cTnI, NT pro-BNP and BUN. Of note, stroke patients revealed a nearly double mortality (12.4% vs 6.9%) to that of patients without stroke. Additionally, age (≥60 years), fingertip oxygen saturation (<93%) and consciousness disorder were independent predictors for new cerebral stroke in COVID-19 patients. Interpretation: The high risk of new-onset stroke in COVID-19 patients was older age combined with fingertip oxygen saturation (<93%) and consciousness disorder. These patients are more vulnerable to multiple organ dysfunction and an overactivated inflammatory response, in turn leading to a deteriorated outcome and mortality.
Clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Yueyang, Hunan, China
Authors: Ge Chenglong , Jiang Yuan , Peng Qianyi , Wu Lei , Duan Kai , Yang Jing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The clinical characteristics of patients with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Hunan Province are less understood. We analyzed retrospectively the epidemiological, clinical characteristics, and risk factors associated with severity of 113 confirmed COVID-19 cases in Yueyang, Hunan Province, China, from January 20, 2020, to March 8, 2020, and followed until April 13, 2020. Of the 113 confirmed cases, 92 (81.4%) were from or infected by patients from Hubei province. More than half (63) of patients with COVID-19 had no fever in the early stages of disease. 23% patients had no symptoms at the onset. As of March 8, 2020, 113 (100%) of 113 patients had met the discharge criteria, 0 (0%) patients died. Compared with the non-severe cases, severe cases were associated with older age or patients with comorbidities, secondary bacterial infections, and higher levels of C-reactive protein. Longer duration of virus clearance was associated with a higher risk of progression to critical status. Older patients or patients with comorbidities such as diabetes were more likely to have severe condition. Prompt and effective treatment and sufficient medical resources may still significantly reduce hospital-related transmissions and mortality.
Emergence of multi-drug resistance Candida auris in Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlJindan Reem , AlEraky Doaa Mostafa , Mahmoud Nehal , AbdulAzeez Sayed , Borgio J.Francis 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Candida auris is an emerging multi-drug resistant pathogen with high mortality rate, several cases and nosocomial infections have been reported worldwide causing a major challenge for clinicians and microbiological laboratories. Objectives: The study aim to, describe new cases of C. auris from different sites of infection confirmed by MALDI TOF MS and ribosomal sequencing, develop the phylogenetic analysis of these isolates, detect resistant strains of C. auris to both azole and echinocandin by amplification of ERG11 and FKS1 genes. Methods: A total of six specimens were collected from blood, urine, ear swab and groin screening sample during the period from November 2018 to March 2019. Isolates were incubated for 48 hours on Sabroud agar at 42℃, then confirmed by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Sequences of 18S rRNA gene from isolates and phylogenetic analysis were performed. Finally, molecular analysis of resistance genes was performed to detect the efficacy of treatment. Results: Clinical isolates were identified by the growth on Sabroud agar at 42℃ and confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS analysis. Evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA7 and sequences of 18S rRNA gene were submitted to GenBank. All samples were positive for both ERG11 and FKS1 which confer azole- and echinocandin-resistant strains. Conclusions: This study shed light on a public health threat of an emerging pathogen. Therefore, the hospital implemented strict contact screening and infection control precautions to prevent C. auris infection. Finally, there is a critical need to monitor the antifungal resistance in different geographical areas and implementation of efficient guidelines for treatment.
Quando os discursos transformam e transtornam: uma abordagem psicossocial das práticas alimentares sobre corpos femininos
Authors: Ferreira Natália , Barbosa de Sá Rafaela , Toledo Paulo Cesar 
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar como os discursos sociais afetam o corpo e influenciam nas práticas alimentares do público feminino. Através de revisão bibliográfica de artigos científicos e tendo como base a autora Naomi Wolf foi discutido como o corpo, principalmente das mulheres, é alvo de práticas de controle que acarretam na disfuncionalidade da ingestão de alimentos e na insatisfação corporal, dando início aos transtornos alimentares.

Palavras-Chave: Corpo. Transtornos alimentares. Padrão de beleza.