bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Framing global discourses on non-communicable diseases: a scoping review
Authors: Tan Melisa Mei Jin , Han Emeline , Shrestha Pami , Wu Shishi , Shiraz Farah , Koh Gerald Choon-Huat , McKee Martin , Legido-Quigley Helena 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
The choices that policymakers make are shaped by how their problems are framed. At last, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have risen high on the global policy agenda, but there are many disputed issues. First, what are they? Their name refers not to what they are but what they are not. Second, where do their boundaries lie? What diseases are included? Third, should we view their causes as mainly biomedical, behavioural, or social, or a combination? Our failure to resolve these issues has been invoked as a reason for our limited progress in developing and implementing effective remedies. In this scoping review, we ask “What is known from the existing literature about how NCDs are framed in the global policy discourses?” We answer it by reviewing the frames employed in policy and academic discourses.

Methods
We searched nine electronic databases for articles published since inception to 31 May 2019. We also reviewed websites of eight international organisations to identify global NCDs policies. We extracted data and synthesised findings to identify key thematic frames.

Results
We included 36 articles and nine policy documents on global NCDs policies. We identified five discursive domains that have been used and where there are differing perspectives. These are: “Expanding the NCDs frame to include mental health and air pollution”; “NCDs and their determinants”; “A rights-based approach to NCDs”; “Approaches to achieving policy coherence in NCDs globally”; and “NCDs as part of Sustainable Socio-economic Development”. We further identified 12 frames within the five discursive domains.

Conclusions
This scoping review identifies issues that remain unresolved and points to a need for alignment of perspectives among global health policy actors, as well as synergies with those working on mental health, maternal health, and child health. The current COVID-19 pandemic warrants greater consideration of its impact on global NCDs policies. Future global strategies for NCDs need to consider explicitly how NCDs are framed in a changing global health discourse and ensure adequate alignment with implementation and global health issues. There is a need for global strategies to recognise the pertinent role of actors in shaping policy discourses.
High turnover in clinical dietetics: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Hewko Sarah , Oyesegun Amirah , Clow Samantha , VanLeeuwen Charlene 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundRelationships between dietitians and other healthcare providers can impact the degree to which patient care is collaborative; inefficient communication can lead to suboptimal care. It takes time for multidisciplinary team members to build collaborative, trusting relationships. For this reason, frequent dietitian turnover is of concern. Consequences include fewer referrals to clinical dietetic services and limited provider continuity. The characteristics of clinical dietetic jobs associated with high turnover have not been identified. We predicted that managers would identify disease prestige as having an impact. In this study, we aimed to explore: 1) characteristics of clinical dietetic jobs associated with the highest turnover, and 2) consequences of high turnover on patients and managers of clinical dietitians.MethodsResearch assistants conducted semi-structured interviews with ten managers of clinical dietitians in the Canadian public healthcare system. We employed a constant comparative approach to thematic analysis. We classified themes related to turnover as either avoidable or unavoidable.ResultsSub-themes under avoidable turnover included lack of manager support, growth opportunities, burnout/workload, tension/conflict and hours of work. Sub-themes under unavoidable turnover included life-stage/life-events and geography. We also identified themes related to consequences of turnover, including: burnout/workload, client/patient impact, tension/conflict, cost and gap-specific. As predicted, prestige was perceived as playing a role in triggering dietitian turnover. Managers observed high turnover resulting in low provider continuity and limiting patient access to dietitians.ConclusionsManagers of publicly-employed dietitians identified many factors as contributing to high turnover. Future prospective research, incorporating the objective measure of turnover and multi-method analysis of work characteristics and work setting, would be of value in the identification of characteristics of clinical dietetic jobs associated with high turnover and the consequences of high turnover on patients and managers of these staff.
Perceived barriers to seeking cancer care in the Gaza Strip: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Elshami Mohamedraed , Bottcher Bettina , Alkhatib Mohammed , Ismail Iyad , Abu-Nemer Khitam , Hana Mustafa , Qandeel Ahmed , Abdelwahed Ahmed , Yazji Hamza , Abuamro Hisham , Matar Ghadeer , Alsahhar Ahmed , Abolamzi Ahmed , Baraka Obay , Elblbessy Mahmood , Samra Tahani , Alshorbassi Nabeela , Elshami Alaa 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Several factors might contribute to the delay to get cancer care including poor cancer awareness and having barriers to seeking help. This study described these barriers in Gaza and their association with recalling and recognizing cancer symptoms and risk factors.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Gaza. Adult visitors (≥18 years) to the largest three governmental hospitals and adolescent students (15–17 years) from ten high schools were recruited. A translated-into-Arabic version of the validated Cancer Awareness Measure (CAM) was used to collect data in face-to-face interviews. It described demographic data, barriers to seek cancer care as well as recall and recognition of cancer symptoms and risk factors. Responses were compared between adults and adolescents as well as males and females.

Results
Of 3033 participants approached, 2886 completed the CAM (response rate= 95.2%). Among them, 1429 (49.5%) were adult (702 females; 49.1%) and 1457 (50.5%) were adolescent (781 females; 53.6%). The mean age± standard deviation (SD) of adult and adolescent participants was 33.7±11.7 years and 16.3±0.8 years, respectively. Emotional barriers were the most common barriers with ‘feeling scared’ as the most reported barrier (n=1512, 52.4%). Females and adolescents were more likely to report ‘feeling scared’ as a barrier than males and adults, respectively. Higher recall scores for cancer symptoms were associated with lower likelihood to report ‘embarrassment’, ‘worry about wasting doctor’s time’ and ‘difficulty arranging transport’. This was also seen for recalling risk factors, where ‘embarrassment’ and all practical barriers showed significant inverse associations with higher scores. In addition, greater recognition scores of cancer risk factors were inversely associated with reporting ‘embarrassment’ and ‘feeling scared’.

Conclusions
The most commonly perceived barriers to seeking cancer care were ‘feeling scared’ and ‘feeling worried about what the doctor might find’, followed by practical and service barriers. Females and adolescents were more likely to report ‘fear’ as a barrier to seek medical advice. Having a higher recall of cancer symptoms and risk factors was inversely associated with reporting most barriers. To improve patient outcome, early presentation can be facilitated by targeting barriers specific to population groups.
The vaginal microflora changes in various stages of the estrous cycle of healthy female dogs and the ones with genital tract infections
Authors: Golińska Edyta , Sowińska Natalia , Tomusiak-Plebanek Anna , Szydło Marlena , Witka Natalia , Lenarczyk Joanna , Strus Magdalena 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Inflammatory diseases of reproductive tract in bitches are a common problem in veterinary practice. The inflammation can lead to serious health problems. Research to determine the correlation between the health status of females, phase of the cycle, age and bacterial flora of the genital tract has been ongoing for years, but the results obtained by individual authors are often contradictory.

Results
A total of 39 dogs were included in this study. Ten were qualified to the 1st group with genital tract infections (8 in anestrus and 2 in proestrus) and 29 to the 2nd group without such infections (16 in anestrus, 9 in proestrus and 4 in diestrus). The most common bacterial isolates obtained from the vaginal tract of all dogs were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Streptococcus canis. The prevalence of Gram-negative rods (other than E. coli) was significantly higher in the group with genital tract infections versus healthy dogs. There was no presence of Chlamydiaceae, Chlamydia abortus and lactic acid-producing bacteria in tested swabs.

Conclusions
Our study identified the most common bacteria in the genital tract of bitches. The total number of bacteria was almost the same in the healthy and infected dogs, as well as between the cycle stages. In our opinion, bacterial culturing of vaginal swab specimens from bitches without signs of genital disease is of little value. Furthermore, it should always be preceded by clinical examination and cytological examination of the vaginal epithelium.
Developing a scoring tool to estimate the risk of deterioration for normotensive patients with acute pulmonary embolism on admission
Authors: Gao Yizhuo , Ji Chao , Zhao Hongyu , Han Jun , Shen Haitao , Jia Dong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
It is important to identify deterioration in normotensive patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). This study aimed to develop a tool for predicting deterioration among normotensive patients with acute PE on admission.

Methods
Clinical, laboratory, and computed tomography parameters were retrospectively collected for normotensive patients with acute PE who were treated at a Chinese center from January 2011 to May 2020 on admission into the hospital. The endpoint of the deterioration was any adverse outcome within 30 days. Eligible patients were randomized 2:1 to derivation and validation cohorts, and a nomogram was developed and validated by the aforementioned cohorts, respectively. The areas under the curves (AUCs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. A risk-scoring tool for predicting deterioration was applied as a web-based calculator.

Results
The 845 eligible patients (420 men, 425 women) had an average age of 60.05 ± 15.43 years. Adverse outcomes were identified for 81 patients (9.6%). The nomogram for adverse outcomes included heart rate, systolic pressure, N-terminal-pro brain natriuretic peptide, and ventricle/atrial diameter ratios at 4-chamber view, which provided AUC values of 0.925 in the derivation cohort (95% CI 0.900–0.946, p < 0.001) and 0.900 in the validation cohort (95% CI 0.883–0.948, p < 0.001). A risk-scoring tool was published as a web-based calculator (https://gaoyzcmu.shinyapps.io/APE9AD/).

Conclusions
We developed a web-based scoring tool that may help predict deterioration in normotensive patients with acute PE.
LncRNA LIFR-AS1 promotes proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cell via miR-29a-3p/COL1A2 axis
Authors: Pan Haiyan , Ding Yuanlin , Jiang Yugang , Wang Xingjie , Rao Jiawei , Zhang Xingshan , Yu Haibing , Hou Qinghua , Li Tao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
LncRNA was known to be closely associated with the progression of human tumors. The role of lncRNA LIFR-AS1 in the pathogenesis and progression of gastric tumor is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of LIFR-AS1 and the underlying mechanism in the pathogenesis and progression of gastric cancer.

Methods
QRT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression of LIFR-AS1, miR-29a-3p and COL1A2 in gastric tumor tissues and cells. Western blotting was used to evaluate the protein expression of COL1A2 in gastric tumor cells. CCK-8 assay, transwell assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the roles of LIFR-AS1, miR-29a-3p and COL1A2 in cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis. The relationship among LIFR-AS1, miR-29a-3p and COL1A2 was assessed by bioinformatics analyses and luciferase reporter assay.

Results
The expression levels of LIFR-AS1 were significantly increased in gastric tumor tissues and cells, while the expression levels of miR-29a-3p were decreased. The expression of miR-29a-3p was negatively correlated with the expression of LIFR-AS1 in gastric cancer tumor tissues. Knocking down of LIFR-AS1 inhibited proliferation, invasion and migration of gastric tumor cells, and induced apoptosis of gastric tumor cells. Bioinformatics analyses and integrated experiments revealed that LIFR-AS1 elevated the expression of COL1A2 through sponging miR-29a-3p, which further resulted in the progression of gastric tumor.

Conclusion
LIFR-AS1 plays an important role as a competing endogenous RNA in gastric tumor pathogenesis and may be a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric tumor.
MCCC2 promotes HCC development by supporting leucine oncogenic function
Authors: Chen Yu-Yan , Zhang Xue-Ning , Xu Chen-Zhou , Zhou Dan-Hua , Chen Jing , Liu Zhao-Xiu , sun Ying , Huang Wei , Qu Li-Shuai 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
The role of methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase 2 (MCCC2) in the development of tumors is well-established, and the involvement of leucine in the liver is well-known. However, the role of MCCC2 and the correlation between MCCC2 and leucine in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not yet been reported.

Methods
In this study, the Gepia database was used to evaluate the prognostic value of MCCC2 in HCC. The expression and localization of MCCC2 in HCC cells were determined by western blot and immunofluorescence assays. Flow cytometry and CCK-8 and transwell assays were carried out to explore the effect of MCCC2 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, mass spectrometry analysis was used to predict the potential cell function of MCCC2 in HCC.

Results
We found that the expression of MCCC2 increased in HCC tissues and that high expression of MCCC2 could predict poor outcomes in HCC patients. Knockdown expression of MCCC2 in HCC cells could reduce cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability in vitro and could inhibit HCC cell proliferation in vivo. Interestingly, we found that HCC cells transfected with MCCC2-sgRNA failed to respond to leucine deprivation. Meanwhile, leucine deprivation inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC cells where MCCC2 was present rather than in cells where MCCC2 was absent. In addition, knockdown of MCCC2 significantly reduced the glycolysis markers, glucose consumption, lactate secretion, and acetyl-CoA level, which is a product of leucine metabolism. Furthermore, we found that MCCC2 promotes the activation of ERK. Profiling the MCCC2 binding proteins revealed that MCCC2-associated proteins are enriched in biological processes, such as protein metabolism, energy pathway, and metabolism in HCC cells.

Conclusions
Our findings revealed that MCCC2 plays a critical role in the development of HCC, and the leucine metabolism pathway might be a novel target in HCC treatment.
Prognostic factors of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a study based on next-generation sequencing
Authors: Shao Yanxiang , Hu Xu , Yang Zhen , Lia Thongher , Yang Weixiao , Wu Kan , Ren Shangqing , Xiong Sanchao , Dou Weichao , Feng Shuyang , Wang Yaohui , Liu Yang , Wu Kang , Li Xiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the genetic prognostic factors for the recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Materials and methods
The patients underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor and received bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) or epirubicin. Next-generation sequencing was performed and alterations of genes, pathways, and tumor mutation burden were recorded. Associations between these clinicopathological and genetic variants were estimated, and prognostic factor identified.

Results
A total of 58 cases were included in our study, and 46 patients underwent treatment with BCG. FGFR3 was the most frequently altered gene (48%), and more commonly detected in intermediate-risk patients. Univariate Cox analysis demonstrated that 10 genes were significantly correlated with BCG failure, while NEB, FGFR1 and SDHC were independent recurrence predictors. Besides, epigenetic-related gene pathway mutations were negatively correlated with recurrence (hazard ratio: 0.198, P = 0.023). DNA damage response and repair gene alterations were positively correlated with tumor burden, while altered TP53 was most frequent among these genes and significant correlated with high tumor burden.

Conclusion
BCG instillation significantly reduced the rate of recurrence compared with epirubicin in this population. Potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets were found with the help of next-generation sequencing; correlations between DDR genes alterations and high tumor mutation burden were also demonstrated.
Circ-CCDC66 upregulates REXO1 expression to aggravate cervical cancer progression via restraining miR-452-5p
Authors: Zhang Yan , Li Xing , Zhang Jun , Mao Lin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer is one most common cancer types among females over the world. While its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Circ-CCDC66 has been revealed to participate in multiple biological functions, and contribute to various diseases’ progression. In the current study, we aimed to demonstrate the role of circ-CCDC66 in cervical cancer progression.

Methods
Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was conducted to measure the expression of circ-CCDC66, miR-452-5p, and REXO1 mRNA. Cell fractionation assay and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed to locate circ-CCDC66 in cells. Cell account kit 8 (CCK-8) was used to detect cell proliferation ability. Transwell assay was applied to evaluate cell migration or invasion ability. Bioinformatics analysis, biotinylated RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, and dual-luciferase reporter assays were conducted to assess the association between miR-452 and circ-CCDC66 or REXO1. Western blot was applied to measure the protein expression of REXO1. The animal tumor model was used to assess the effect of circ-CCDC66 in vivo.

Results
The expression of circ-CCDC66 was upregulated in cervical cancer tumor tissues in comparison with normal tissues, and correlated with later tumor stage and larger tumor size. Downregulated circ-CCDC66 inhibited cervical cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Circ-CCDC66 was an efficient molecular sponge for miR-452-5p, and negatively regulated miR-452-5p expression. MiR-452-5p directly targeted to REXO1. Circ-CCDC66 regulated REXO1 expression to modulate cervical cancer progression via miR-452-5p. Moreover, downregulated circ-CCDC66 was found to suppress tumor growth in vivo.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrated the role of circ-CCDC66/miR-452-5p/REXO1 axis in cervical cancer progression, we might provide novel therapeutic targets for cervical cancer clinical intervention.
Oncogenic UBE3C promotes breast cancer progression by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling
Authors: Hang Chen , Zhao Shanojie , Wang Tiejun , Zhang Yan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer (BrCa) is the most common female malignancy worldwide and has the highest morbidity among all cancers in females. Unfortunately, the mechanisms of BrCa growth and metastasis, which lead to a poor prognosis in BrCa patients, have not been well characterized.

Methods
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on a BrCa tissue microarray (TMA) containing 80 samples to evaluate ubiquitin protein ligase E3C (UBE3C) expression. In addition, a series of cellular experiments were conducted to reveal the role of UBE3C in BrCa.

Results
In this research, we identified UBE3C as an oncogenic factor in BrCa growth and metastasis for the first time. UBE3C expression was upregulated in BrCa tissues compared with adjacent breast tissues. BrCa patients with high nuclear UBE3C expression in tumors showed remarkably worse overall survival (OS) than those with low nuclear expression. Knockdown of UBE3C expression in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453 BrCa cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, while overexpression of UBE3C in these cells exerted the opposite effects. Moreover, UBE3C promoted β-catenin nuclear accumulation, leading to the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in BrCa cells.

Conclusion
Collectively, these results imply that UBE3C plays crucial roles in BrCa development and progression and that UBE3C may be a novel target for the prevention and treatment of BrCa.
Aedes aegypti SGS1 is critical for Plasmodium gallinaceum infection of both the mosquito midgut and salivary glands
Authors: Kojin Bianca B. , Martin-Martin Ines , Araújo Helena R. C. , Bonilla Brian , Molina-Cruz Alvaro , Calvo Eric , Capurro Margareth L. , Adelman Zach N. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe invasion of the mosquito salivary glands byPlasmodiumsporozoites is a critical step that defines the success of malaria transmission and a detailed understanding of the molecules responsible for salivary gland invasion could be leveraged towards control of vector-borne pathogens. Antibodies directed against the mosquito salivary gland protein SGS1 have been shown to reducePlasmodium gallinaceumsporozoite invasion ofAedes aegyptisalivary glands, but the specific role of this protein in sporozoite invasion and in other stages of thePlasmodiumlife cycle remains unknown.MethodsRNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9 were used to evaluate the role ofA. aegyptiSGS1 in theP. gallinaceumlife cycle.ResultsKnockdown and knockout of SGS1 disrupted sporozoite invasion of the salivary gland. Interestingly, mosquitoes lacking SGS1 also displayed fewer oocysts. Proteomic analyses confirmed the abolishment of SGS1 in the salivary gland of SGS1 knockout mosquitoes and revealed that the C-terminus of the protein is absent in the salivary gland of control mosquitoes. In silico analyses indicated that SGS1 contains two potential internal cleavage sites and thus might generate three proteins.ConclusionSGS1 facilitates, but is not essential for, invasion ofA. aegyptisalivary glands byP. gallinaceumand has a dual role as a facilitator of parasite development in the mosquito midgut. SGS1 could, therefore, be part of a strategy to decrease malaria transmission by the mosquito vector, for example in a transgenic mosquito that blocks its interaction with the parasite.