bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Double Loops and Pitchfork Symmetry Breaking Bifurcations of Optical Solitons in Nonlinear Fractional Schrödinger Equation with Competing Cubic‐Quintic Nonlinearities
Authors: Li Pengfei , Dai Chaoqing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSymmetry breaking bifurcations of solitons are investigated in framework of a nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equation (NLFSE) with competing cubic‐quintic nonlinearity. Some prototypical characteristics of the symmetry breaking, featured by transformations of symmetric and antisymmetric soliton families into asymmetric ones, are found. Stable asymmetric solitons emerge from unstable symmetric and antisymmetric ones by way of two different symmetry breaking scenarios. A twisting branch, featured with double loops bifurcation, bifurcates off from the base branch of symmetric soliton solutions and crosses it, then merges into the base branch driven by the competitive nonlinear effect. A supercritical pitchfork bifurcation is bifurcated from the branch of antisymmetric soliton solutions and gives rise to a supercritical pitchfork bifurcation. Stability of the soliton families is explored by linear stability analysis. With the increase of the Lévy index, stability region induced by the twisting loops bifurcation is expanded. However, stability region of the pitchfork bifurcation is shrunk on the parameter plane of the Lévy index and the soliton power.
Facile Synthesis of Sub‐Nanometric Copper Clusters by Double Confinement Enables Selective Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Methane
Authors: Hu Qi , Han Zhen , Wang Xiaodeng , Li Guomin , Wang Ziyu , Huang Xiaowan , Yang Hengpan , Ren Xiangzhong , Zhang Qianling , Liu Jianhong , He Chuanxin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPrevious density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations show that sub‐nanometric Cu clusters (i.e., 13 atoms) favorably generate CH4 from the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), but experimental evidence is lacking. Herein, a facile impregnation‐calcination route towards Cu clusters, having a diameter of about 1.0 nm with about 10 atoms, was developed by double confinement of carbon defects and micropores. These Cu clusters enable high selectivity for the CO2RR with a maximum Faraday efficiency of 81.7 % for CH4. Calculations and experimental results show that the Cu clusters enhance the adsorption of *H and *CO intermediates, thus promoting generation of CH4 rather than H2 and CO. The strong interactions between the Cu clusters and defective carbon optimize the electronic structure of the Cu clusters for selectivity and stability towards generation of CH4. Provided here is the first experimental evidence that sub‐nanometric Cu clusters facilitate the production of CH4 from the CO2RR.
Antiretroviral and cytotoxic activities of Tityus obscurus synthetic peptide
Authors: da Mata Elida C. G. , Ombredane Alicia , Joanitti Graziella A. , Kanzaki L. I. B. , Schwartz Elisabeth F. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNew drugs are constantly in demand, and nature's biodiversity is a rich source of new compounds for therapeutic applications. Synthetic peptides based on the transcriptome analysis of scorpion venoms of Tityus obscurus, Opisthacanthus cayaporum, and Hadrurus gertschi were assayed for their cytotoxic and antiretroviral activity. The Tityus obscurus scorpion‐derived synthetic peptide (FFGTLFKLGSKLIPGVMKLFSKKKER), in concentrations ranging from 6.24 to 0.39 μM, proved to be the most active one against simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication in the HUT‐78 cell line and in primary human leukocytes, with the lowest toxicity for these cells. The immune cellular response evaluated in primary human leukocytes treated with the most promising peptide and challenged with SIV infection exhibited production of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, and interferon‐γ, which could be involved in cell defense mechanisms to overcome viral infection through proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory pathways, similar to those evoked for triggering the mechanisms exerted by antiviral restriction factors.
Biegeverstärkung mit Carbonbeton
Authors: Müller Egbert , Schmidt Angela , Schumann Alexander , May Sebastian , Curbach Manfred 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDie Biegeverstärkung von Stahlbetontragwerken mit Carbonbeton wurde in der Vergangenheit bereits umfangreich untersucht und auch in der Praxis schon mehrfach erfolgreich angewendet. Seit 2014 existiert außerdem eine allgemeine bauaufsichtliche Zulassung (Z‐31.10‐182) für die Verstärkung von Stahlbetonbauteilen mit textilbewehrtem Beton. Jedoch haben sich die Carbonbewehrungen in den vergangenen Jahren weiterentwickelt, weshalb im Rahmen des Projekts „C3 – Carbon Concrete Composite“ die Übertragbarkeit der bekannten Erkenntnisse auf zwei aktuelle Carbongelege mit unterschiedlichen Tränkungen untersucht wurde. Hierfür wurde ein umfangreiches Versuchsprogramm mit insgesamt 18 Großbauteilversuchen an der TU Dresden durchgeführt. Die erzielten Ergebnisse werden im vorliegenden Beitrag vorgestellt und diskutiert.
Assessment and treatment of elopement maintained by chase
Authors: Blowers Andrew P. , Rodriguez Nicole M. , Cohrs Victoria L. , Luczynski Kevin C. , Aragon Michael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractElopement can have serious or fatal consequences associated with leaving the presence of an adult or getting lost (e.g., traffic injury and drowning). Given the dangers associated with elopement, caregivers are likely to chase after their child when elopement occurs. Like other forms of attention that follow problem behavior, chasing and retrieving the child may serve as a reinforcer and therefore maintain elopement. However, no study to date has evaluated whether elopement is sensitive to positive reinforcement in the form of chase. We evaluated the effects of chase on elopement with an 8‐year old boy diagnosed with autism. Elopement was maintained, at least in part, by chase. We then conducted a treatment evaluation in which we tested the effects of various antecedent‐ and consequence‐based treatment components within a multiple schedule.
A comparison of eflapegrastim to pegfilgrastim in the management of chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia in patients with early‐stage breast cancer undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy (RECOVER): A Phase 3 study
Authors: Cobb Patrick Wayne , Moon Yong Wha , Mezei Klára , Láng István , Bhat Gajanan , Chawla Shanta , Hasal Steven J. , Schwartzberg Lee S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEflapegrastim (Rolontis®) is a novel, long‐acting hematopoietic growth factor consisting of a recombinant human granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor (rhG‐CSF) analog conjugated to a human IgG4 Fc fragment via a short polyethylene glycol linker. We report results from a second pivotal, randomized, open‐label, Phase 3 study comparing the efficacy and safety of eflapegrastim to pegfilgrastim for reducing the risk of chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia. Patients with Stage I to IIIA early‐stage breast cancer (ESBC) were randomized 1:1 to fixed‐dose eflapegrastim 13.2 mg (3.6 mg G‐CSF) or pegfilgrastim (6 mg G‐CSF) administered one day after standard docetaxel/cyclophosphamide (TC) therapy for four cycles. The primary objective was to demonstrate noninferiority (NI) of eflapegrastim compared to pegfilgrastim in mean duration of severe neutropenia (DSN; Grade 4) in Cycle 1. A total of 237 eligible patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either eflapegrastim (n = 118) or pegfilgrastim (n = 119). Cycle 1 severe neutropenia was observed in 20.3% (n = 24) of patients receiving eflapegrastim and 23.5% (n = 28) receiving pegfilgrastim. The DSN of eflapegrastim in Cycle 1 was noninferior to pegfilgrastim with a mean difference of −0.074 days (NI P‐value < .0001). Noninferiority was maintained throughout the four treatment cycles (P < .0001 in all cycles). Other efficacy endpoints results were comparable between treatment arms, and adverse events, irrespective of causality and grade, were comparable between treatment arms. The results demonstrate noninferior efficacy and comparable safety for eflapegrastim, at a lower G‐CSF dose, vs pegfilgrastim. The potential for the increased potency of eflapegrastim to deliver improved clinical benefit warrants further clinical study.
Developing a holistic contingency plan: Challenges and dilemmas for cancer patients during the COVID‐19
Authors: Constantinou Constantina , Kolokotroni Ourania , Mosquera Maria‐Cecilia , Heraclides Alexandros , Demetriou Christiana , Karayiannis Peter , Quattrocchi Annalisa , Charalambous Andreas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDuring the first quarter of 2020 the world is experiencing a pandemic of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome‑Coronavirus‑2 (SARS‑CoV‑2), a novel beta coronavirus that is responsible for the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). The COVID‐19 pandemic revealed that healthcare systems around the world were not prepared to deal with either the direct effects of the pandemic or with the indirect effects that are imposed on the health of patients with chronic disorders such as cancer patients. Some challenges and dilemmas currently faced during the pandemic include the management of cancer patients during the treatment and follow‐up phases, the assessment of the safety of treatments currently used for the management of SARS‑CoV‑2 for use in cancer patients, the development of psychoeducation and emotional support for cancer patients and the safe conduct of clinical trials involving participation of cancer patients. Evidence from the literature supports the need for the urgent development of a holistic contingency plan which will include clear guidelines for the protection and comprehensive care of cancer patients. The implementation of such a plan is expected to have many beneficial effects by mainly minimizing the increased morbidity and mortality of cancer patients that could result as an adverse consequence of the COVID‐19 or future pandemics.
Haploidentical related donor vs matched sibling donor allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome aged over 50 years: A single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Huang Jiafu , Huang Fen , Fan Zhiping , Xu Na , Xuan Li , Liu Hui , Shi Pengcheng , Jiang Ling , Zhang Yu , Sun Jing , Liu Qifa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) is a potentially curative therapeutic option for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Increasing data suggest that haploidentical donor (HID) transplantation achieve comparable outcomes with HLA‐matched sibling donor (MSD) in adult AML/MDS. This retrospective study compared the outcomes of AML or MDS patients age ≥50 years underwent HID and MSD transplantation. One hundred and fifty‐six patients were enrolled in this study, including 75 HID and 81 MSD transplantation. The 100‐day cumulative incidence of II‐IV° acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) was 33.3 ± 5.4% vs 22.2 ± 4.6%, respectively, in HID and MSD groups (P = .066), and III‐IV° acute GVHD was not significantly different between two groups (5.3%±2.6% vs 6.2%±2.7%, respectively, P = .823). The 2‐year cumulative incidence of limited and extensive chronic GVHD was not statistically different in HID and MSD groups (20.9 ± 5.5% vs 18.9 ± 4.8% and 13.0 ± 4.7% vs 19.7 ± 5.0%, P = .889 and P = .269, respectively). The 2‐year cumulative incidences of relapse (27.0 ± 5.6% vs 22.7 ± 5.1%, P = .509), 2‐year overall survival (63.0 ± 5.8% vs 66.7 ± 5.4%, P = .454), 2‐year transplant‐related mortality (17.2 ± 4.6% vs 17.4 ± 4.4%, P = .847), 2‐year progression‐free survival (59.3 ± 5.8% vs 64.5 ± 5.4%, P = .437), 2‐year GVHD‐free relapse‐free survival (42.6 ± 5.9% vs 40.9 ± 5.6%, P = .964) were not significantly different in the two groups. The present data showed equivalent outcomes in AML or MDS patients age ≥50 years underwent HID and MSD transplantation.
What claims are made about clients and therapists’ experiences of psychotherapy environments in empirical research? A systematic mixed‐studies review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Morrey Tara , Larkin Michael , Rolfe Alison 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsTo synthesise and evaluate evidence about experiences of psychotherapy environments.MethodsStudies were identified from systematic literature searches of PsycINFO, ASSIA and Web of Science. Selected studies were published in English between 2002 and 2016. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. A quality appraisal process indicated that the quality of evidence was 'moderate' across included papers.FindingsIn the narrative synthesis, we use the concept 'mereology' to underscore the mutually constitutive relationship between person, world and practice. In this context, themes of relating, containment and process each highlight the integral and nuanced influences of the environment on the therapeutic endeavour.ConclusionsIn therapeutic training, it would be beneficial to utilise the concept of a 'mereological system' (reflecting how a person and their environment shape each other and constitute a whole) to show how environmental features may affect clinical practice. Designers may also benefit from using this concept for the purpose of improving therapeutic environments. Further research that explores features of the therapy as part of a mereological system may pinpoint other aspects that facilitate beneficial therapy outcomes.
Rate, causes, and predictors of 90‐day readmissions and the association with index hospitalization coronary revascularization following non‐ST elevation myocardial infarction in the United States
Authors: Sreenivasan Jayakumar , Abu‐Haniyeh Ahmed , Hooda Urvashi , Khan Muhammad Shahzeb , Aronow Wilbert S. , Michos Erin D. , Cooper Howard A. , Panza Julio A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the causes and predictors of readmission after NSTEMI.BackgroundStudies on readmissions following non‐ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are limited. We investigated the rate and causes for readmission and the impact of coronary revascularization on 90‐day readmissions following a hospitalization for NSTEMI in a large, nationally representative United States database.MethodsWe queried the National Readmission Database for the year 2016 using appropriate ICD‐10‐CM/PCS codes to identify all adult admissions for NSTEMI. We determined the 90‐day readmissions for major adverse cardiac events (MACE). All‐cause readmission was a secondary endpoint. The association between coronary revascularization and the likelihood of readmission was analyzed using multivariate Cox regression analysis.ResultsA total of 296,965 adult discharges following an admission for NSTEMI were included in this study. The rate of readmissions for MACE was 5.2% (n = 15,637) and for any cause was 18.0% (n = 53,316). 38% of MACE readmissions and 40% of all‐cause readmissions occurred between 30‐ and 90‐days following the index hospitalization. During index hospitalization, 51.0% underwent coronary revascularization (40.8% with PCI and 10.2% with CABG). This was independently predictive of a lower risk of 90‐day readmission for MACE (adjusted HR 0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.56–0.63, p < .001) and for any cause (adjusted HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.63–0.67, p < .001). In‐hospital mortality for MACE readmissions was significantly higher compared to that of index hospitalization (3.8% vs. 2.6%, p < .001).ConclusionReadmissions following NSTEMI carry higher mortality than the index hospitalization. Coronary revascularization for NSTEMI is associated with a lower readmission rate at 90 days.
Clinical and procedural characteristics of COVID‐19 patients treated with percutaneous coronary interventions
Authors: Siudak Zbigniew , Grygier Marek , Wojakowski Wojciech , Malinowski Krzysztof P. , Witkowski Adam , Gąsior Mariusz , Dudek Dariusz , Bartuś Stanisław 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundCOVID‐19 pandemic has affected healthcare systems worldwide. Resources are being shifted and potentially jeopardize safety of non‐COVID‐19 patients with comorbidities. Our aim was to investigate the impact of national lockdown and SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic on percutaneous treatment of coronary artery disease in Poland.MethodsData on patients who underwent percutaneous coronary procedures (angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]) were extracted for March 13–May 13, 2020 from a national PCI database (ORPKI Registry) during the first month of national lockdown and compared with analogous time period in 2019.ResultsOf 163 cardiac catheterization centers in Poland, 15 (9.2%) were indefinitely or temporarily closed down due to SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic. There were nine physicians (9 of 544; 1.7%) who were infected with SARS‐CoV‐2. There were 13,750 interventional cardiology procedures performed in Poland in the analyzed time period. In 66% of cases an acute coronary syndrome was diagnosed, and in the remaining 34% it was an elective procedure for the chronic coronary syndrome in comparison to 50% in 2019 (p < .001). There were 362 patients (2.6% of all) with COVID‐19 confirmed/suspected who were treated in interventional cardiology centers and 145 with ST‐Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) diagnosis (6% of all STEMIs).ConclusionsDue to SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic there was an absolute reduction in the number of interventional procedures both acute and elective in comparison to 2019 and a significant shift into acute procedures. COVID‐19 confirmed/suspected patients do not differ in terms of procedural and baseline characteristics and reveal similar outcomes when treated with percutaneous coronary interventions.
Paterson‐Brown Kelly Syndrome (also commonly known as Plummer‐Vinson Syndrome)
Authors: Goh Wilson Guo Wei , Ng Deborah Chieh Yih , Ng Jun Xuan , Lim Kheng Tian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe dysphagia in this condition is usually associated with iron deficiency anemia and esophageal webs. Iron supplementation and regular surveillance are required for monitoring of malignant transformation into esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Mechanism and Origins of Product Selectivity of Au‐Catalyzed Coupling Benzisoxazoles with Ynamides: A Computational Study
Authors: Li Ting , Rong Wei , Zhang Tian , Li Juan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAu(I)‐catalyzed coupling of benzisoxazoles and ynamides was recently reported to synthesize challenging indoloquinoline core structures. In this report, we employed DFT methods to elucidate the mechanistic details of this reaction. The results reveal that the catalytic cycle involves initial coupling of ynamide with benzisoxazole, simultaneous ring opening of the isoxazole unit and attack of the dimethoxybenzene (DMOB) unit to gold carbenoid, proton transfer from the DMOB group to hydroxyl group, thioether migration, ring closure, and proton transfer. The experimentally observed ligand‐controlled product selectivity is reproduced well by the calculations. The product selectivity‐determining step is the ring opening of the isoxazole unit. The flexible P(t‐Bu)2(o‐biphenyl) ligand facilitates the approach of the DMOB group to gold carbenoid, which brings about significant C−H/π interactions in the transition state for ring opening, and thus leads to the indoloquinoline product. The rigid 1,3‐bis(diisopropylphenyl)imidazol‐2‐ylidene ligand prefers keeping the DMOB group away from the gold carbenoid, which can cause strong orbital interaction in the transition state for ring opening, and thus results in indole product.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Synthesis of N‐(Hetero)aryl Carbamates from Cyanate Salts and Phenols Activated with Cyanuric Chloride
Authors: Dindarloo Inaloo Iman , Esmaeilpour Mohsen , Majnooni Sahar , Reza Oveisi Ali 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA simple and efficient domino reaction has been designed and employed for the one‐pot synthesis of N‐(hetero)aryl carbamates through the reaction between alcohols and in‐situ produced (hetero)aryl isocyanates in the presence of a nickel catalyst. The phenolic C−O bond was activated via the reaction of phenol with cyanuric chloride (2,4,6‐trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine (TCT)) as an inexpensive and readily available reagent. This strategy provides practical access to N‐(hetero)aryl carbamates in good yields with high functional groups compatibility.
Activated‐Carbon Nanofibers/Graphene Nanocomposites and Their Adsorption Performance Towards Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Othman Faten Ermala Che , Yusof Norhaniza , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractActivated‐carbon nanofibers (ACNFs) provide a relatively new, modified structure of carbon‐based adsorbents that have the ability to adsorb carbon dioxide due to their high specific surface area, wide distribution of porous structures, and high volume of active sites. In this study, cost‐effective agricultural waste‐based graphene synthesized from rice husk ashes was used as additive to enhance the ACNF properties. ACNF/graphene (gACNF) is still a relatively unexplored adsorbent. The resultant gACNF exhibited better thermal stability properties, with higher yield, larger specific surface area, and higher micropore volume. These properties are the main factors contributing to their enhanced adsorption performance towards CO2.
Handling (Nano)Silver as Antimicrobial Agent: Therapeutic Window, Dissolution Dynamics, Detection Methods and Molecular Interactions
Authors: Abram Sarah‐Luise , Fromm Katharina M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSilver is an antimicrobial agent well known since antiquity. With the emergence of multiresistant bacteria, it has come back into the focus of research, and ionic as well as nano‐sized silver have been studied in vitro and in vivo. The results are controversial, silver being discussed as the “silver bullet” or a “wolf in sheep's clothing”. A thorough search of literature from chemistry, materials and environmental science, biology and medicine led to this Review which summarizes the potential use of silver and its compounds in medicine, ongoing processes of dissolution and the different methods by which this usefulness can be evaluated. It also highlights the therapeutic window of silver, mechanistic interactions of silver and biological media as well as best practices for handling silver in a biomedical environment. This Review reflects the current knowhow and observations, and may thus give hints and guidelines to understand and interpret the observed effects.
Influence of Reaction Conditions on the Settling Behavior of Liquid‐Liquid Dispersions
Authors: Kaiser Teresa , Kabatnik Christoph , Jupke Andreas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe settling behavior of liquid‐liquid dispersions at ambient temperature and pressure is well investigated. However, little is known about the settling behavior of those systems at high pressure and high temperature. In this work, a novel stainless steel settling cell is presented, enabling investigations on liquid‐liquid settling behavior at high pressures up to 130 bar. The settling behavior of a promising CO2 hydrogenation reaction system is investigated by sequentially determining influences of dissolved CO2, side components, and temperature.
Allosteric Molecular Switches in Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors
Authors: Orgován Zoltán , Ferenczy György G. , Keserű György M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMetabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu) are class C G protein‐coupled receptors of eight subtypes that are omnipresently expressed in the central nervous system. mGlus have relevance in several psychiatric and neurological disorders, therefore they raise considerable interest as drug targets. Allosteric modulators of mGlus offer advantages over orthosteric ligands owing to their increased potential to achieve subtype selectivity, and this has prompted discovery programs that have produced a large number of reported allosteric mGlu ligands. However, the optimization of allosteric ligands into drug candidates has proved to be challenging owing to induced‐fit effects, flat or steep structure‐activity relationships and unexpected changes in theirpharmacology. Subtle structural changes identified as molecular switches might modulate the functional activity of allosteric ligands. Here we review these switches discovered in the metabotropic glutamate receptor family..