bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Implementation of a Wireless Power Transfer Network
Authors: Hassan Abbas Saleh , Hussein Raoof Talal , Abboud Izz Kadhum 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Wireless power transfer depends on some scientific methods such as a ringing and electromagnetic. This idea developed to transfer power to distance more than other methods that used a magnetic field. This development leads in inventing wirelessly charging devices that may be used for example in mobile charging. The main objective of this paper is to design a circuit that has a transmitter and receiver worked at the same frequency, and used for wireless power transmitting. For this to be done the transmitter and receiver coils need to be the same, capacitors may be vary depending on the application type.
A Signature Best feature selection matching using FAST and genetic algorithm
Authors: Jawad Mohammad Q. , Fadhil Tamara Z. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Verification for human is an important method for identifying persons. One of the most important biometric verification is signature which is used to ensure human privacy, both in banking and electronic business signature is the main authentication step for verify the user identity. In this paper system be tested by genetic algorithm to choose the best feature to applied in training and testing which will reduce the require time needed for matching and training and to obtain better matching by checking only the strong features. The feature selection algorithm allows us to reduce the process time and have more accurate results. The GA diagram was acquainted and applied with an element Issue choosing a subset to approve the mark The calculation demonstrated striking execution in all tests led System split mainly to many stages which is mainly (pre-processing, feature extraction using FAST (Fast Affine Invariant Image Matching), feature reduction (best feature selection) using genetic algorithm and matching process using neural network) The system was tested with 240 signature images with accuracy of 87% with the matching process. The system is simulated and tested using MATLAB.
Iraqi Colloquial Dialect Dictionary Corpus Creation, Analyzing and Translation
Authors: Abutiheen Zinah Abdulridha , Albeer Rand Abdulwahid , Mousa Aliaa F. , Hamza Nisreen M. , Nasrawi Dhamyaa A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Iraqi dialect is one of the most beautiful dialects in the Arabic world. It contains a wide variety of vocabulary as well as phrases spoken in Iraqi population. The aim of this paper is to create, analysis, and translate of Iraqi Colloquial dialect corpus. The hardest step is to create the Iraqi corpus that were generated by writing of Iraqi films or stories and published them in GitHub. There are two phases: analyzing, which implement pre-processing includes: tokenization, remove stop words, remove punctuation, and remove duplicated words. The purpose of analyzing process is to collect the words to make Iraqi-Arabic-English dictionary. In the second phase is: testing, which involve searching about Iraqi word, translating it to Standard Arabic and English, adding it if not exist, predicting Iraqi words that depends on similar in spell, getting Iraqi synonyms words, and display the whole dictionary. New method was suggested to cover the problem of unofficially written for spoken dialects, as well as new algorithm to find the Iraqi words synonyms.
Towards Virtual Technology Vision in Critical Cases
Authors: ELhamid A. Abd , Salama A. A. , Hassan Shimaa. I. , Ayad N. M. A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Undoubtedly, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is the most popular and widespread trend of many fields around the globe, and a smart tool for the emergence of several technological services such as web service and virtual technology. Nowadays, development and growth in computers and communications field are dynamically changing. ICT plays a key role in the digital transformation which led to the appearance of a new age called the digital age. Hence, many organizations and countries have supported modern technological trends such as the Virtual University (VU), Virtual Reality (VR) and Virtual Learning Environments (VLE), as a virtual technology. ICT can be used in positive and negative aspects, so it must be observed and considered. As a virtual technology, VU can offer extraordinary opportunities to avoid obstacles caused by critical circumstances.
Study the Properties of Two Pieces Welded After Ceramic Coating By Air Spray Coating Method
Authors: Abbas Sundus , Al-Majeed ElhamAbd , Hadi Nahla 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Surface coatings offer a wide range of purposes to get good properties of the components. There are more applications of surface coatings in different industries to improve the properties of substrate such as sports technology, automotive industries, chemical and petroleum, physical and electronic, decorative coating and thermal barrier coatings meter. Recently, surface coatings have been developed progressively in some specialized parts to enhance wear resistance and reduce diffusion and friction. In this study three samples were prepared by covering two welded pieces of low carbon steel with the ceramic material (mullite powder (3Al2O3.2SiO2) for the ratio of (0% as a control, 5%, 10%) and by adding varnish and thinner that were used as a binder material for reinforcement low carbon steel in welding region. Then study different properties of coating layer such as the thickness of the coating layer, contact angle, and roughness, finally examine the hardness test, wear test and Atomic Force Microscopy.
Study the Interesting from the plastic Waste to Improve the Physical and Mechanical Properties of the Construction Materials
Authors: Rahmah Nisreen Mizher , Owaid Khalid Mershed 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Plastic products have been considered as the world most consumer, which have led to use the waste plastic in the Construction Materials. This research studies the investigation the mechanical properties of the modified cement mortar with different additive from the waste plastic to Production light concrete with high mechanical and structure properties. The plastic waste in environment is considered to be a big problem due to its very low biodegradability and presence in large quantities. This work an effort has been completed to study for the result of waste Polyvinyl Chloride on the properties of the mechanical of mortar materials. The Polyvinyl Chloride can be used as energy enhance to produce the light concrete strength and used to help waste of the plastic to enjoy with the mixture, waste Polyvinyl Chloride is additional to the materials of the mortar by percentage of adding (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4,0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9 %) that can be mix with alone for every samples with the water. The compressive strength between the mortar with various quantity of Polyvinyl Chloride plastic waste additive at different curing age, that the. Polyvinyl Chloride plastic waste additive does not help in enhancing the. compressive strength of the mortar but can be produce light mortar. The compressive strength drop to 32.1MPa for mortar mixture/PVCL For 28 days. The flexural strength of cured Polyvinyl Chloride mortar was found to be decrease with increasing the percentage of the addition and increasing with increase of the period of the curing for each percent of the addition. The modified mortar show a significant decrease in flexural strengths, that no improvement in the flexural strength as compared to ordinary concrete or mortar. The flexural strength drop to 4.5MPa for mortar mixture/PVCL For 28 days. Density of mortar with PVCL has decreased significantly for all mortars with the content of partial replacement of cement by PVCL plastic waste. It is evident that water absorption reduces considerably with increase in PVCL ratio. As seen, a 0.9 wt% PVCL addition can reduce the water absorption to 80% after curing age 28 days of the value obtained for the unmodified paste. The hardness of the. mortar sample is reduced by increasing PVCL ratio at all age curing. The maximum hardness at 0.9% additional is about 92.8 for PVCL, respectively at 28 days. Ultrasonic wave propagation speed in a material depends on the porosity of that material; it depends on the density and elastic properties. The effects of PVCL addition on the porosity of composites were evaluated by ultrasound measurements carried out.
Temperature Effect on physical and Mechanical Properties of epoxy Composite Specimens
Authors: Rahmah Nisreen Mizher , Owaid Khalid Mershed 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study is to temperature effect on the mechanical properties of Epoxy DGEBA, with adding zirconium oxide (ZrO2) nanostructures. At different ratios (0.1,0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7) wt% of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) nanostructures, which are prepared by hand lay-up method, and then the samples are exposed to different temperatures (40, 50, 60, and 70 °C) for 16 hr. the results showed that, the compressive strength, impact strength and hardness decreases increasing the temperature of the curing. The damping properties percentages of these properties are (3.74%, 79.61% and 23.33%) for compressive, respectively; for adding 0.4% wt. from zirconium oxide (ZrO2) nanostructures. The reduction in strength of epoxy - nanomaterialos is attributed to oxidation at the near-surface. The increasing of the temperatures have the opposite effect on the mechanical properties of the epoxy up to 0.3 addition of the nano materials the increasing of the addition of the nano material led to decrease the effect of temperature on the mechanical properties. The water absorption decreasing with increase the percentage of the addition of nano materials at different temperature.
The Effectiveness of Hot machining process for the Machinability of Hard to cut materials: A REVIEW
Authors: Mohammed Kamal Abdulkareem , Abdulhameed Jaafar Jaber , Al-Ameen Ehsan Sabah 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the manufacturing field of industrial firms, some materials are hard to cut and do not meet the mechanical operation requirements in conventional and unconventional machining methods due to their high mechanical properties which poorer their machinability. The need is ongoing and growing to these materials in important industries, therefore hot machining is considered one of the most advanced methods of machining which help to solve the problem of these materials. This process involves heating the work piece at elevated temperature during or before machining on conventional cutting machine by using various external heating techniques, which soften it and becomes more ductile and this leads to improve the machinability. This paper displays a review on hot machining process and presents its effectiveness for the industrial firm in machining hard-to cut-materials which reflect on cost and productivity in relation to other aspects of machining. The review paper presents a survey on various researches which indicates the effect of variation process parameters in hot machining.
Studying the mechanical and Numerical properties of Friction stir welding (FSW) for 6005 aluminum alloys
Authors: Abdulhasan Ayad Abbood , Challoob Shireen H. , Abdulrehman Mohammed Ali 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Friction Stir welding (FSW) is a welding method that occurs without fusion and smoothed the granules, used to improve the fine structural properties of metals. In this paper, the enhancement of mechanical properties for FSW samples at rotation speeds (1000, 1100 and 1200 rpm) with welding speed (45 mm/min) for 6005 AA is studied by using the method of FSW at the same variable rotating speed and feeding speed. In order to convert a heterogeneous nanoscale structure to a more precise and homogeneous monolithic structure. The best welding results obtained at parameter 45 mm/min are welding speed and rotational speed of 1100 rpm at FSW where efficiency reaches 96% for FSW for maximum tensile strength of mother metals. The FSW was developed as a finite element simulation of (FSW) of 6005 AA. Numerical simulations of thermal conductivity, heat and specific density were developed to find out the relationship between these factors and maximum temperature.
Enhancement the Mechanical Properties of Concrete by using Special Types of Meshes
Authors: AL-Kerttani Osamah M. , Al-Taai Salwa R. , Al-Jabri Layth A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Failure of concrete under flexural loading considered as one of the important problems which facing the engineers. This study is to investigate the properties of concrete by using three types of mesh (steel wire, galvanized iron wire and PVC coated wire). For this reason, test specimens of 150 mm cube was used to measure the compressive strength at age of 28 days, also tiles of 500×500×50mm (thickness) were cast to measure the flexure test at age of 28 day, all the specimens were cast with 3 layers of meshes in addition to the reference samples. The results showed that the type of meshes didn’t effect on the compressive strength while, the flexural strength of the specimen increases when using 2 layers of galvanized iron mesh with 1intermediate layer of PVC coated layer also, the shape of fracture and the expanded of it affects by the type of the meshes.
Fabrication green concrete by Recycled wastepaper
Authors: Ahmedizat Shatha R , Al-Zubaidi Aseel B , Al-Tabbakh Ahmed A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The presented study provides the results related to examining using the wastepaper as additional materials with regard to the concrete mixes which will be utilized for construction purposes, thus it should be indicated that the resulting has suitable mechanical strength. Furthermore, the wastepaper fibers have been applied in 3 percentages which are 0.6%, 0.8% as well as 1% volume fraction, also curing ages 7, 14 as well as 28 days. With regard to such studies, normal concrete, density, spitting strength, compressive strength, flexure tensile strength in addition to the water absorption paper fiber concrete have been determined. The results indicated that adding wastepaper will cause reduction in density by (0.24%), while increasing the compressive strength, the splitting strength, the flexural tensile strength as well as water absorption by (22.56%), (17.63%) and (4.819%) and (44.19%) respectively, at (28) days of curing age in the case of adding (0.8%) of wastepaper via volume. Paper fiber concrete is considered to be eco-friendly and inexpensive concrete.
Fabrication and Analysis of Aluminum – Alumina Metal Matrix Composites Using Powder Metallurgy Technique
Authors: Juber M H , Majeed A H , Hamza M S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Powder Metallurgy is the very advanced method of manufacturing the varied range of engineering composites by mixing \ blending the powders. The compacting mixture of powders to the necessary shape into a die, which is manufactured for this process, is carried out by a hydraulic press. The force applied for pressing is 30 tons. The sintering process is achieved with a controlled atmosphere. The best value for sintering temperature is 600 °C for one hour. Composite specimens prepared from Al-alloy reinforced with different weight percent (2, 4, 6 and 8%) of Al2O3. The testing of the samples includes compression, flexural stress, hardness, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and corrosion resistance. The best mechanical and physical properties of the prepared samples happened at 6 wt% of Alumina. The improvement of the corrosion resistance value is about 35.67 wt%.
The Effect of Adding Shape Stabilized Phase Change Material on The Mechanical Properties of Mortar
Authors: Hasan Layla Muhsan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper is attempted to develop energy storing cement mortar by integrating phase change material (PCM) in the cement mortar. Phase change materials (PCM) are materials with high latent heat. Solid–liquid PCM can store latent heat as it melts and the energy restored as the PCM solidifies. The benefits of thermal energy storage in the building are to reduce indoor temperature variation, and delay maximum indoor air temperature to off-peak electricity demand period which will reduce the energy consumption in buildings interiors. In particular, thermal energy storing shape stabilized phase change materials (SSPCM) integrated cement mortar was developed. Shape stabilized phase change materials is a composite material. SSPCM is made of PCM and supporting material in which the PCM is dispersed in such as (high density polyethylene etc.) to form a stable composite material. A polymeric matrix fixes the PCM in a compact form, even after its melting. The SSPCM can keep its shape as the PCM changes from solid to liquid and suppresses leaching. In this paper paraffin wax was used as phase change material and high-density polyethylene as a supporting material. Cement mortar cubes were prepared with SSPCM to evaluate the compressive strength of the cement mortar with PCM. The results showed that the presence of SSPCM lowered the compressive strength of cement mortars.
An experimental simulation of free convection heat performance for rectangular-fins array inside an enclosure: the direction and inclination effect
Authors: Shehab Saad Najeeb 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, an experimental simulation has been performed to predict the thermal performance of free heat convective from a heated longitudinal rectangular-fins array to ambient air in an open ended wooden enclosure. Three various directions of fins array named front, top and bottom. Also, two inclinations of front direction fins array are 30° and 60° are utilized. Fins array is heated from a base plate. Wide ranges of power input magnitudes to the fins array base have been employed. The effect of fins array direction, inclination angle of fins array, heat flux and surface temperature on the thermal performance of free convective have been investigated and analyzed experimentally. The present data refers to the front direction fins array gave best thermal performance in term of Nusselt number about 6% to 10% and 22% to 27% larger than top and bottom directions respectively. Three empirical correlation equations to speculate Nusselt number values for the front, top and bottom directions rectangular-fins array are suggested. The results are compared than last researches and well proximities in behaviors is observed.
Natural convection from a horizontal plate built in a vertical variable height duct
Authors: Jasim Hadeel Abdulhadi , abdalla Fadhel abbas , Abdulrasool Adnan A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Natural convection from flat plate built in variable height duct was investigated experimentally. With air as the working liquid the impact of variable height duct on the heat transmission of the flat panel were studied. Duct was with Square section of (300×300) mm2 and the elevation of the duct H was various asl00, 200 and 300 mm. square flat plate (300×300) mm2 which heated surface facing upwards, was built in the bottom of the duct and exposed to different input power which represent a heat flux of (423, 660 and 830 W/m2. The experimental results showed that the variable height duct deteriorate the heat transmission. heat transmission of the flat panel built in a variable height duct become lower than those do not have a channel and heat transmission are significantly reduced in the circumference of the duct. at circumference of variable height duct, heat transmission for flat board become 27% smaller than heat transfer for flat panel that do not have a duct owing to that the perpendicular duct hinders airflow from the top of the perpendicular duct this causes decrease of heat transmission.
Manufacturing, modeling and analysis of ankle disarticulation prosthetic for transmalleolar amputation
Authors: Shadiq Ghanim Sh , Khalaf Hind Y , Abbas Saif M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Three groups of composite material layers are used in this work to measure the mechanical properties of ankle disarticulation prosthetic socket. The polymer matrix acrylic (Lamination 80:20) and reinforced with different materials, the first type is (4Perlon) layers, second type (2 Perlon and 4 Glass fiber and 2 Perlon) layers and third type is including (2 Perlon, 4 Carbon fiber and 2 Perlon) layers used in this study. Tests Results showed that the mechanical properties of all groups, ultimate strength, yield stress and Young modulus for the first group; were 10.12MPa, 38.8MPa and 1.16GPa respectively, for second group were73.8MPa, 146MPa and 1.45GPa respectively and for the third group were 106.6MPa, 209.4MPa and 1.9GPa respectively. The results of the bacteria test growth show inability of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) to analyze of the surfaces of materials available and suggested for feeding it therefore bacteria can grow on them. By using (F-socket) the pressure between stump and socket measured and the values are (236kPa) and (275kPa) for the lateral and posterior reign. From fatigue test for all groups and ANSYS 14.5 software, the safety factors for composite material (2Perlon, 4carbon fiber,2perlon) layers is about (1.57) which are safe and acceptable in design applications.
Effect of Using the Nitrogen in Automotive Tires on Vibration and Fuel Consumption
Authors: Abdulla Fadhel Abbas , Jebur Nazik Abdulwahid , jasim Hadeel Abdulhadi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of the research is to investigate the ability of improving the vehicle safety, performance, and reduce operating coast by using nitrogen inflated tires. In this study, three cases were proposed to study the effect of Nitrogen Tires on Car Vibration and Fuel Consumption. The study was conducted according to the three cases; filling the tires with air only, 50% air and 50% nitrogen and nitrogen only. When adding 50% of the nitrogen with the air to the tires, it reduced the vibration velocity to 10% at 60 km/h, 6.6%at 80 km/h and 7.5% at 100 km/h. Also when filling tires with nitrogen, it reduced the vibration velocity to 28.4% at 60 km/h, 23.6% at 80 km/h and 22.7% at 100 km/h. The decrease in fuel consumption for the addition of 50% of the nitrogen was 4.05% while the addition of nitrogen by 100% was 6.1%.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Circular Perforated Fins
Authors: Khalaf Basima S. , Muhammad Ahmed K. , Fenjan Raad M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Experiments were done to investigate the natural and forced convection of heat transfer along a flat surface equipped with various types of rectangular aluminum fins (solid and perforated). Fins selected with dimensions of(30mm height ×30 mm width ×lmm thickness). Perforated fins have various distributed holes(2 mm dia. for 9 holes and 4 mm dia. for 5 holes). For forced convection, the air flow channel selected with a cross section area of (100×100 mm2)for (1000 mm) length. Nine Thermocouples used to recorded the temperature distributed from the fin base to its tip. Flow pattern included laminar and the air flow towards the fin lateral area of (30 mm × 30 mm). The effect of number, size and arrangement of perforated fins was studied. higher heat transfer rates observed with increasing the number of circular holes also the effectiveness were increased due to the reduction into fin’s weight. Also a numerical study was done to investigate these temperature distribution used (SOLDWORKS) simulation program. Good agreements were noted when compared between experimental and theoretical works.