bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maladie et poésie sous les Tang
Authors: Hu-Sterk Florence 
Published: October 2019

Florence Hu-Sterk : Illness and Poetry Under the Tang
This article analyses how illness influenced Tang poets in modifying their style. This theme has often been neglected by critics although it can be considered as a fundamental factor for understanding the evolution of a poetic style. This study tries to show that the amplification of this topic, from the Middle Tang onwards, was a consequence of An Lushan's rebellion and the need to return to some more private subjects to the detriment of public affairs. The different attitudes towards illness reflect to a large extent the philosophical and religious conceptions of the poets. The works of three major poets (Du Fu, Bai Juyi, and Li He) deserve a special attention because they personify three representative attitudes towards illness. Finally, it appears that illness is not considered by the Tang poets as a creative stimulant nor an object of sublimation as it is often the case in the West.
Patronage scientifique et carrière politique. Li Guangdi entre Kangxi et Mei Wending
Authors: Han Qi 
Published: October 2019

Han Qi : Scientific Patronage and Political Career. Li Guangdi between the Emperor and Mei Wending
This article tries to analyse Li Guangdi 's role in the history of sciences during the Kangxi's reign. It points out that he not only played an intermediary role between the Kangxi emperor ant the mathematician Mei Wending, but also played a leading role in attracting the emperor's attention and favor for the savant. It was under his patronage that Mei Wending completed his work Doubts on the Calendrical Sciences and that a group of savants formed by Mei Wending played an essential role in the establishment of the Mathematical School during the compilation of Western scientific books. It also points out that sciences were very important factors in Li Guangdi 's political career : they helped him to obtain the grace of the emperor because his interests in sciences met the needs of the emperor.
Le dévoreur dévoré. De l'émincé de poisson cru, de ses délices et de ses méfaits
Authors: Despeux Catherine 
Published: October 2019

Catherine Despeux : The Devoured Devourer. On Raw Fish Slices, its Delights, and Damages.
Raw fish slices (kuai), generally prepared with some carp or bass as well as some condiments (like ginger, mustard, coriander, turnip, etc.), were a very estimated meal since Antiquity. It was often served for important banquets and many Song scholars were fond of it. However, the ailments this meal provoked were later described by the medical and scholarly sources, showing the difference established by the anthropologists between disease (from the point of view of the doctor) and illness (from the point of view of the patient). If the medical sources implicitly suggest a link between these diseases and parasitoses, the stories reported in scholar's miscellanea insist on the strange nature of the symptoms, particularly on that of bulimia : the cause of the latter was attributed to the presence of an animal in the body that devoured the food of its host.
De quelques conventions picturales : Le char et ses représentations aux Ve-IVe siècles avant notre ère
Authors: Thote Alain 
Published: October 2019

Alain Thote : On Pictural Conventions. The Representations of Chariots in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries B.C.
In China, the first pictorial scenes appeared in the Fifth century B.C. They were made by inlaying or engraving the surface of bronze vessels, or were painted on lacquer. With these different methods the artists equally produced schematic images. Some of the images show chariots, the representation of which raises many difficulties. In this case study, this writer will try to show that the pictorial conventions used by the artists changed suddenly between the Fifth and the Fourth centuries B.C. While free from technical constraints, painting would at the same time acquire its independence and become an artistic expression per se. The first images of chariots lack consistency, since they were conceived to reconcile different viewpoints that could not match together. In fact, these first images of chariots were produced with conventions that remind us of the iconic nature of the graphical sign used during the Shang and the Western Zhou periods to designate the Chinese character che. An even earlier source would be the rock engravings drawn by the peoples of Central Asia. This steppe connection is not so surprising, since the chariot was borrowed by Shang people around 1200 B.C. as a result of long distance exchanges with the Central Asian populations. By the Fourth century B.C., these early conventions were abandoned quite suddenly. The artists began to explore new ways of representation, creating images that were close to what they saw with their eyes. They tried to set a natural environment. Furthermore, they focused on what was essential to the interpretation of the images, leaving aside all superfluous details, and finally they dared to superimpose objects or even people to provide depth. A narrative structure appeared at the same time, accompanied with lighter compositions. The new conventions adopted by the artists produced much more «readable» images and stimulated the birth of painting as a fine art.
Trois aspects de la lune dans la poésie Tang : Wang Wei, Li He, Li Shangyin
Authors: Kōzen Hiroshi 
Published: October 2019

Kôzen Kiroshi : Three Aspects of the Moon in Tang Poetry. Wang Wei, Li He, Li Shangyin.
The Moon, an entity towards whom every human being is able to raise his eyes, has been celebrated at all times all over the world. Tang poetry frequently presents a stereotyped image of the Moon that does not exclude other images more peculiar to each poet that reflect his individual personality and specificity. Turning to the Moon, poets tend to project their soul. One can use the image they give of the astral body as a mirror which reflects their interests and thoughts. The present article concentrates its investigation of the theme on the rather extreme cases of Wang Wei, Li He, and Li Shangyin. The research reveals evidence of their differences and allows to characterize their originality. The author wishes to stress how it would be desirable to continue on the whole corpus of Tang poetry the same investigation for the entirety of Tang poets.
Sinologie et politique. Autour d’Étienne Balazs (1905- 1963)
Authors: Aubin Françoise 
Published: October 2019

Sinology and politics. On Étienne Balazs.
The posthumous reputation of Étienne Balazs (1905-1963) comes largely from his perceptive analysis of the characteristics of the elitist class who ruled the Chinese empire since the Song – an epoch which he deemed forerunner of modern times in China. For an attentive audience, it could appear in his teaching a veiled parallel with the totalitarianism of the communist regime recently installed in China. Now the discoveries allowed by Internet disclose the deeply humane commitment of this man hurt by life, follower of a deep-rooted anti-communism and of a libertarian ideology opposed to the state.
Un historien sur le banc des accusés : Liu Zhiji juge Wei Shou
Authors: Chaussende Damien 
Published: October 2019

An historian in the dock : Liu Zhiji on Wei Shou.
In Liu Zhiji’s Generalities on History (Shitong 史 通 ), Wei Shou 魏 收 (506-572) appears to be the counter-model of the ideal historian. Judged as partial, unfair and servile to the political power that employed him (the Northern Qi), Wei Shou, author of the Book of Wei (Weishu 魏 書 ), is indeed the bugbear of the critic. The article examines the formal and ideological particularities of the Book of Wei, as brought out by Liu Zhiji 劉 知 幾 (661-721). The numerous comments of Liu Zhiji shows that the question of political legitimity, especially the antagonism Northern states vs Southern states, count for much in his judgements on the historical works of and on the Early Medieval period (220-589).
Le roi des médecins dans les manuscrits médicaux de Dunhuang : un titre indien dans la Chine médiévale
Authors: Ming Chen 
Published: October 2019

敦 煌 醫 學 手 稿 中 的 醫 王 : 中 國 中 古 時 代 的 一 個 梵 文 頭 銜 陳 明 (戴 思 博 譯 )
醫 王 這 個 頭 銜 出 現 在 佛 經 裡 ， 並 且 經 常 與 耆 婆 (Jīvaka) 連 在 一 起 。 敦 煌 醫 學 手 稿 中 ， 有 四 部 張 仲 景 的 《 五 藏 論 》 裡 面 出 現 這 個 詞 。 但 是 該 頭 銜 並 不 存 在 於 唐 之 前 的 醫 學 文 獻 裡 。 本 文 討 論 敦 煌 文 獻 裡 醫 王 的 來 源 及 其 涵 義 ， 以 及 該 詞 在 其 他 文 獻 中 的 用 法 和 演 變 。 文 章 也 描 述 中 印 之 間 醫 學 文 化 的 關 係
GÜVENE DAYALI ÇALIŞMA SÜRESİ (VERTRAUENSARBEITSZEIT)
Authors: GÜNEŞ Volkan 
Published: October 2019

Teknolojik gelişmeler, gündelik hayatı olduğu gibi çalışma hayatını da
etkilemektedir. Bu gelişmeler, gerek yeni çalışma biçimleri gerekse de çalışma süreleri
bakımından esnek modelleri hızla uygulamaya kazandırmaktadır. Mevcut hukuk
kurallarının bu esnek modeller karşısındaki durumu, bir an evvel ele alınmalıdır.
Bu doğrultuda Almanya’da ortaya çıkan ve yaygın olarak uygulanan esnek
çalışma süresi modellerinin en ileri görünümü olan güvene dayalı çalışma süresi
(Vertrauensarbeitszeit) bu çalışmanın konusu olarak seçilmiştir. Güvene dayalı çalışma
süresinin Türk hukukunda geçerli olarak kararlaştırılıp kararlaştırılamayacağı
incelenirken İsviçre hukukunda yapılan gerçek ve gerçek olmayan güvene dayalı
çalışma süresi ayrımı esas alınmış, bunlar bakımından çalışma süresi kaydına ilişkin
mevcut düzenlemelerin bir sınır teşkil edip etmeyeceği ve bu bağlamda ortaya çıkması
muhtemel ispat hukuku sorunları üzerinde durulmuştur
KONKORDATONUN, ÇEKLE İLGİLİ “KARŞILIKSIZDIR” İŞLEMİ YAPILMASINA SEBEBİYET VERME SUÇUNDAN KAYNAKLI CEZAÎ SORUMLULUĞA ETKİSİ
Authors: KARAKEHYA Hakan , BORAN GÜNEYSU Nilüfer 
Published: October 2019

Kanun koyucunun ekonomiye yön verme ya da ekonomik sıkıntıları aşma
amacıyla getirdiği bazı hukukî düzenlemeler, ceza hukuku alanında da önemli
sonuçlar doğurabilmektedir. Konkordatoya ilişkin İcra ve İfl âs Kanunu’nda yer alan
düzenlemeler de bu tür bir etkiye sahiptir. Kural olarak, konkordato mühleti içinde
borçlunun borçlarına ilişkin icra takibi yapılamamaktadır. Üstelik bu borçlarla
ilgili olarak faiz de işlememektedir. Bu çalışmada, konkordato süreci öncesinde veya
süreç içerisinde vadesi gelen çeklerinin durumu ve çeki ödeyemediği için konkordato
sürecinde olan borçlu hakkında, “karşılıksızdır” işlemi yapılmasına sebebiyet verme
suçundan cezaî sorumluluğu değerlendirilmeye çalışılacaktır. Makalenin temel amacı,
konkordatoya ilişkin hükümlerin çekle ilgili “karşılıksızdır” işlemi yapılmasına
sebebiyet verme suçundan doğacak cezaî sorumluluğa etkilerini irdelemektir.&nbsp;
SOSYAL ADALET KAVRAMININ BAZI TEMEL HAKLAR İLE CEZA VE VERGİ ADALETİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: ZENGİN Mehmet Ali 
Published: October 2019

Sosyal adalet kavramı bazı temel haklar bakımından önemli etkilere sahiptir.
Bu kapsamda çalışmamızda çocuk hakları, sağlık hakkı, çevre hakkı ve cinsiyete
bağlı ayrımcılık yasağı ele alınırken güncel tartışmalara ve görüşlere yer verilmiştir.
Sosyal adalet konusu çok sayıda temel hak bakımından ele alınabilir. Ancak konu
iki gerekçeyle bazı temel haklarla sınırlandırılmıştır. Çocuk hakları ve cinsiyete
dayalı ayrım yasağının tercih edilmesinde, ortaya çıkan sorunların toplumun büyük
bir kesimini ilgilendirmesi ve bu alanlarda sosyal adaletin sağlanmasına duyulan
ihtiyacın boyutu etkili olmuştur. Yine sağlık hakkı ve çevre hakkının tercih edilmesinde,
güncel gelişmelerin varlığı ve sosyal adalet açısından bu hakların yeni yeni tartışılıyor
olması etkili olmuştur. Öte yandan vergi ve ceza konusundaki hukuki düzenlemelerin
sosyal adalet ihtiyacını tatmin edecek şekilde tesis edilebilmeleri beklentisi, konunun
bu alanlar bakımından ele alınmasında etkili olmuştur. Vergi ve ceza alanına dair
hukuk kuralları tesis edilirken, sosyal adaletin sağlanması da önemli bir hedeftir.
Ceza adaleti ve vergi adaleti, sosyal adaletin sağlanmasında önemli ve olumlu bir
etki meydana getirmektedir.
ESKİ KİRACIYA YENİDEN KİRAYA VERME ZORUNLULUĞU
Authors: GÜL İbrahim 
Published: October 2019

Konut ve çatılı işyerleri kira sözleşmesinin kiraya veren tarafından sona
erdirilmesi halinde kiraya verenin, eski kiracısıyla yeniden kira sözleşmesi yapmaya
zorlandığı söylenebilir. Gerçekten kiraya veren, gereksinim amacıyla kiralananın
boşaltılmasını sağladığında, haklı sebep olmaksızın, kiralananı üç yıl geçmedikçe
eski kiracısından başkasına kiralayamaz. Bunun gibi esaslı onarım amacıyla
boşaltılan kiralanan, haklı sebep olmaksızın üç yıl geçmedikçe başkasına eski hâli ile
kiralanamaz. Ayrıca eski kiracının, yeniden inşa ve imarı gerçekleştirilen kiralananı
yeni durumu ve yeni kira bedeli ile kiralama konusunda öncelik hakkı vardır. Eski
kiracının bu öncelikle kiralama hakkı sonlandırılmadıkça, kiralanan üç yıl geçmeden
başkasına kiralanamaz. Bütün bu durumlarda kiraya verenin sözleşmenin karşı
tarafını seçme özgürlüğüne kısıtlama getirildiği söylenebilir. İşbu makale ile kiraya
verenin eski kiracısına kiraya verme zorunluluğunun şartları açıklanmaktadır.
Factores de riesgo y protección para el rendimiento académico. Un estudio descriptivo en estudiantes de Psicología de una universidad privada
Authors: Willcox Hoyos María del Rocío 
Published: October 2019

El estudio de los factores que influyen en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes es, por su relevancia y complejidad, uno de los temas de mayor controversia en la investigación educativa, y por lo tanto, se le ha dedicado especial atención en las últimas décadas
La relación educativa en los servicios sociales comunitarios: percepciones de educadores y educadoras sociales
Authors: Varela Crespo Laura 
Published: October 2019

El artículo que presentamos pone énfasis en la conceptualización de los servicios sociales como un recurso educativo y social, así como en el derecho de las personas a educarse en su contexto más próximo (barrio, aldea, etc.). Además, nos adentramos en la complejidad de las relaciones educativas en la atención primaria, entendiendo que la delimitación de estas relaciones constituye un desafío ineludible para el conocimiento pedagógico-social.
A través de la reflexión teórica y de la recopilación de los discursos de varios educadores y educadoras sociales, nos referimos a las relaciones educativas que establecen tanto en las actuaciones individuales como en la acción comunitaria y el trabajo en red.
Kualitas Organoleptik dan Isotermis Sorpsi Air (ISA) Ikan Cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis L.) Presto Asap Cair
Authors: Wowiling Fernando , Berhimpon Siegfried , Onibala Hens , Mentang Feny 
Published: October 2019

Skipjack tuna is widely consumed by the people in North Sulawesi in many forms. One famous product is Cakalang Fufu or Smoked Skipjack. Conventional smoked skipjack fish processing has many shortcomings i.e. longer processing time and the presence of tar residues and aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbon compounds (benzo(a)pyrene) which are harmful to human health. The use of liquid smoke is safer since the concentration of liquid smoke can be controlled. Additionally, it is equipped with a cooking method to produce fish with soft fins and bones so that it can be directly consumed. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best formula in the process of making liquid smoked skipjack. Two concentrations of liquid smoke 0.8% and 1.2, three various cooking time using pressure cooker presto (60, 90 and 120 minutes), and two ways of administering liquid smoke were used as treatments. Sensory hedonic test, duo-trio test, MSI test, moisture content, pH and phenol value were measured in this study.The results showed that the best formula in this study was to soaked skipjack tuna in 1.2% liquid smoke, cooked with pressure cooker for 90 minutes and then heated at a temperature of 150°C for 30 minutes. The Duo Trio Test results showed that skipjack tuna in 0,8% and 1.2% liquid smoke concentration either by soaked the fish in advance and cooked by pressure cooker, or cooked by pressure cooker in liquid smoke were tastier than conventional smoked fish samples.Moisture Sorption Isotherm (MSI) test results show that all skipjack tuna with liquid smoke, at RH> 60% will begin to absorb the water, so packaging is needed in this part. The MSI Oswin curve model accurately describes the actual curve with an MRD value of 7.51
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KONSUMSI JAMU SAAT HAMIL DENGAN KEJADIAN ASFIKSIA BAYI BARU LAHIR DI RUANG MELATI RSUD JOMBANG
Authors: Anggraeni Widya , Sari Kurnia Indriyanti Purnama , Wardani Riska Aprilia 
Published: October 2019

Jamu adalah obat jadi atau ramuan bahan alam yang berasal dari tumbuhan, hewan, mineral, sediaan galenik atau campuran bahan tersebut yang secara tradisional. Sementara ini banyak orang beranggapan bahwa penggunaan tanaman obat atau obat tradisional relatif lebih aman dibandingkan obat sintesis. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan di Ruang Melati RSUD Jombangsecara wawancara pada 10 ibu bersalin didapatkan 8 (80%) ibu pernah mengkonsumsi jamu selama hamil dan 4 (40%) bayi yang dilahirkan mengalami asfiksia berat, 3 (30%) bayi baru lahir dengan asfiksia sedang dan 1 (10%) bayi tidak mengalami asfiksia. Sedangkan 2 (20%) ibu yang tidak pernah mengkonsumsi jamu selama hamil, bayi yang dilahirkan tidak mengalami asfiksia. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui hubungan antara konsumsi jamu saat hamil dengan pada ibu post partum di Ruang Melati RSUD Jombang.Desain penelitian anlitik cross sectional. Populasinya adalah semua ibu nifas di Ruang Melati RSUD Jombang sebanyak 38 orang dengan jumlah sampel 32 responden, teknik sampling yang di gunakan Accidental Sampling. Alat ukur kuesioner. Variabel independent konsumsi jamu saat hamil, variabel dependent kejadian asfiksia bayi baru lahir. Uji statistik menggunakan Chi Square.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sebagian besar responden pernah mengkonsumsi jamu saat hamil sejumlah 20 responden (62,5%). Hampir setengah bayi baru lahir mengalami asfiksia sejumlah 18 orang (56,3%). Hasil uji chi square, didapatkan Ï = 0,000 < 0,05, maka H0 ditolak atau H1 diterima artinya ada hubungan antara konsumsi jamu saat hamil dengan kejadian asfiksia pada bayi baru lahir di Ruang Melati RSUD Jombang.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diharapkan tenaga kesehatan dapat memberikan informasi tentang efek samping minum jamu sehingga ibu tahu tentang efek samping minum jamu saat hamil.Â Kata Kunci : Konsumsi, Jamu, Asfiksia
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ROLE OF FAMILIES IN DIET SUPERVISION AND THE LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE OF DIETARY MANAGEMENT AMONG TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS IN KEBONSARI VILLAGE, CANDI SUB-DISTRICT, SIDOARJO DISTRICT
Authors: Diana Meli 
Published: October 2019

Background: The Indonesia Sehat Program is a program to improve the quality of life of the Indonesian people. The target of this program is to improve the health and nutritional status of the community through health and community empowerment efforts supported by financial protection and equitable distribution of health services. The latest estimate of the International Diabetes Federation, there are 382 million people living with Diabetes in the world in 2013. By 2035 this number is expected to increase to 592 million people.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the role of families in diet monitoring with the level of compliance with Type II Diabetes Mellitus patients in carrying out the Diabetes Mellitus diet at Kebonsari Candi Sidoarjo.Method: This study used correlational design with a sample of 25 people. Samples were obtained using total sampling method. The instrument used to obtain data in this study is a questionnaire. The data obtained were then analyzed by using the Spearman test with p â‰¤ 0,01.Results: Families who play an active role in the supervision of diabetic patients with diabetes mellitus are related to the level of patient compliance in the obedient category of 44%. Based on the Spearman Rank test with p <0.01, the correlation level is 0.600. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between the role of families in diet monitoring and the level of adherence to type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in carrying out a diabetes mellitus diet has a strong level of correlation.Conclusion: Families are required to play an active role in supervising diabetics in carrying out the diabetes mellitus diet so that it can prevent complications of the disease and the quality of life of the sufferer.Â Key words: The Role of Families, Diet Compliance, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Steepening of Cosmic-Ray Spectra in Shocks with Varying Magnetic Field Direction
Authors: Hanusch Adrian , Liseykina Tatyana V. , Malkov Mikhail , Aharonian Felix 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Cosmic-ray (CR) spectra, both measured upon their arrival at the Earth’s atmosphere and inferred from the emission in supernova remnants (SNRs), appear to be significantly steeper than the “standard” diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) theory predicts. Although the reconstruction of the primary spectra introduces an additional steepening due to propagation effects, there is a growing consensus in the CR community that these corrections fall short to explain the newest high-precision data. Using 2D hybrid simulations, we investigate a new mechanism that may steepen the spectrum during the acceleration in SNR shocks. Most of the DSA treatments are limited to homogeneous shock environments. To investigate whether inhomogeneity effects can produce the necessary extra steepening, we assume that the magnetic field changes its angle along the shock front. The rationale behind this approach is the strong dependence of the DSA efficiency upon the field angle, θ
Bn. Our results show that the variation of shock obliquity along its face results in a noticeable steepening of the DSA spectrum. Compared to simulations of quasi-parallel shocks, we observe an increase of the spectral index by Δq = 0.1–0.15. Possible extrapolation of the limited simulation results to more realistic SNR conditions are briefly considered.
Preprocessing among the Infalling Galaxy Population of EDisCS Clusters
Authors: Just Dennis W. , Kirby Matthew , Zaritsky Dennis , Rudnick Gregory , Desjardins Tyler , Cool Richard , Moustakas John , Clowe Douglas , Lucia Gabriella De , Aragón-Salamanca Alfonso , Desai Vandana , Finn Rose , Halliday Claire , Jablonka Pascale , Mann Justin , Poggianti Bianca , Bian Fu-Yan , Liebst Kelley 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We present results from a low-resolution spectroscopic survey for 21 galaxy clusters at 0.4 < z < 0.8 selected from the ESO Distant Cluster Survey. We measured spectra using the low-dispersion prism in IMACS on the Magellan Baade telescope and calculate redshifts with an accuracy of σ

z
= 0.007. We find 1763 galaxies that are brighter than R = 22.9 in the large-scale cluster environs. We identify the galaxies expected to be accreted by the clusters as they evolve to z = 0 using spherical infall models and find that ∼30%–70% of the z = 0 cluster population lies outside the virial radius at z ∼ 0.6. For analogous clusters at z = 0, we calculate that the ratio of galaxies that have fallen into the clusters since z ∼ 0.6 to those that were already in the core at that redshift is typically between ∼0.3 and 1.5. This wide range of ratios is due to intrinsic scatter and is not a function of velocity dispersion, so a variety of infall histories is to be expected for clusters with current velocity dispersions of 300 km s−1 ≲ σ ≲ 1200 km s−1. Within the infall regions of z ∼ 0.6 clusters, we find a larger red fraction of galaxies than in the field and greater clustering among red galaxies than blue. We interpret these findings as evidence of “preprocessing,” where galaxies in denser local environments have their star formation rates affected prior to their aggregation into massive clusters, although the possibility of backsplash galaxies complicates the interpretation.