bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On complex formation in chemical copper plating processes from solutions with organophosphorus ligands
Authors: Mukhametshina R M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Nowadays the processes of chemical vapor deposition of metals are widely used in mechanical engineering, both for the production of materials with desired functional properties and for decorative purposes. One of the most widely used chemical vapor deposition processes is chemical copper plating. The paper aims to study the complexation of copper (II) with nitrilotrimethylene phosphonic acid and to identify the possibility of using nitrilotrimethylene phosphonic acid as ligands of copper (II) ions for obtaining stable solutions of chemical copper plating. The formation of copper (II) complexes with nitrilotrimethylene phosphonic acid has been studied by the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method. The paper proposes a method for processing EPR data – measurements to calculate the distribution of complex forms in the form of dependence = dP/dpH – f(pH), where P – the EPR spectrum parameter, which seems promising for describing paramagnetic systems characterized by complex equilibria with small changes in the magnetic parameters relative to the line width. The significance of the results for the engineering industry is that the authors studied the new materials based on copper complexes with nitrilotrimethylene phosphonic acid. The article establishes compositions and calculates the stability constants of the complexes at various pH of the medium. The research also shows the possibility of obtaining high-quality metal coatings based on copper (II) complexes with nitrilotrimethylene phosphonic acid.
Formation of a system for assessing the renovation of monolithic buildings
Authors: Topchiy D , Bolotova A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Reliability and quality of monolithic construction works are determined by analyzing the system of preparation for implementation of certain technological operations, establishing and ensuring the order, sequence and timetable of works, and supply of all types of resources. Periodic inspections of compliance with construction norms and regulations are held in the course of construction and installation works. As a follow-up on such inspections, prescriptive orders on rectification of detected nonconformities and violations within a specified time limit are issued. There is no provision for the time consumed by corrective action in the calendar plan, and consequently the actual duration of construction as often as not exceeds the scheduled term to a great extent. In this connection, there is a task of assessing the level of impact of violations on the efficiency of functioning and the organizational quality of production processes. Analytic research into this problem allows for a conclusion on the need for development of a mathematical model to be used in the assessment of duration of construction taking into account the random pattern of occurrence of violations.
Assessment of the impact of capital construction on the adjacent street-road network with traffic at unregulated intersections
Authors: Zedgenizov A V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the problems of assessing the influence of centers of gravity on the adjacent street-road networks in the process of their functioning, expansion or reprofiling. The paper shows the main models for estimating the throughput of unregulated intersections proposed in the domestic and foreign literature. The author gives sequence of calculating the transport demand transforming into the intensity of the traffic flow on the road network. Moreover, the study proposes recommendations on assessing the level of traffic service and load factor based on transport demand and throughput, adjacent street-road network.
Ways to improve safety and environmental friendliness of the city’s transport system
Authors: Makarova I V , Gabsalikhova L M , Sadygova G R , Magdin K A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The transport sector is one of the largest environmental polluters and hydrocarbons consumers. The oil prices instability and the need to reduce the negative impact on the environment, cause countries to introduce alternative technologies. In the article, measures to reduce harmful substances emissions with vehicles exhaust gases are divided into three groups: constructive, organizational-technological, and organizational-managerial. The environmental friendliness of urban transport systems is ensured by an increase in the “green” vehicles share in the fleet. This electric transport: trams, trolley buses, electric buses, as well as vehicles with natural gas’ engine. Reducing air pollution, noise and vibration make electric vehicles more attractive and competitive, but we must bear in mind that the silent movement of electric vehicles and electric buses may pose a threat to the pedestrian’s safety. Road traffic accidents (RTA) worsen the situation, as they aggravate the difficult traffic situation, causing congestion, traffic jams, and, consequently, increase the negative impact. The study authors selected the intersection Avtozavodsky Avenue - Syuyumbike Avenue (Naberezhnye Chelny), as a RTA concentration place in 2015-2019. We investigated emissions and noise pollution by road transport. In the article, we proposed measures aimed at reducing emissions and noise.
Alternative power resources in the motor vehicles supply
Authors: Makarova I V , Gubacheva L A , Andreev S , Andreev A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The rapid development of engineering, technology and mass motorization during the transition to the fourth industrial revolution is accompanied by negative processes in ecosystems and leads to a change in the economic paradigm - to the circular economy. Reducing resource consumption while decreasing the growth of waste production and consumption will reduce the negative load on the environment. The search for global solutions to ensure comfortable living conditions on the planet is determined by minimizing the adverse environmental impact of solid industrial and household waste (MSW). The article presents a new technology of energy- and resource saving in automobile transport using MSW as an alternative fuel and exhaust gas cleaning filters for internal combustion engines, that will allow to reduce pollution by the slowly decomposing polyethylene of the world ocean, which is now becoming a global scale catastrophe.
Development of a model of the single information space of the enterprise supporting the replacement of layers
Authors: Shifrin B M , Eliseev I V , Sokolova V A , Kalyashov V A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The main purpose of this article is to substantiate and develop the methodology of replacement of generations of layers in an attempt to minimize destruction of links between adjacent layers of the single information space of the enterprise, caused by extreme instability of states of the single information space.
Attentional multi-level representation encoding based on convolutional and variance autoencoders for lncRNA–disease association prediction
Authors: Sheng Nan , Cui Hui , Zhang Tiangang , Xuan Ping 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAs the abnormalities of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely related to various human diseases, identifying disease-related lncRNAs is important for understanding the pathogenesis of complex diseases. Most of current data-driven methods for disease-related lncRNA candidate prediction are based on diseases and lncRNAs. Those methods, however, fail to consider the deeply embedded node attributes of lncRNA–disease pairs, which contain multiple relations and representations across lncRNAs, diseases and miRNAs. Moreover, the low-dimensional feature distribution at the pairwise level has not been taken into account. We propose a prediction model, VADLP, to extract, encode and adaptively integrate multi-level representations. Firstly, a triple-layer heterogeneous graph is constructed with weighted inter-layer and intra-layer edges to integrate the similarities and correlations among lncRNAs, diseases and miRNAs. We then define three representations including node attributes, pairwise topology and feature distribution. Node attributes are derived from the graph by an embedding strategy to represent the lncRNA–disease associations, which are inferred via their common lncRNAs, diseases and miRNAs. Pairwise topology is formulated by random walk algorithm and encoded by a convolutional autoencoder to represent the hidden topological structural relations between a pair of lncRNA and disease. The new feature distribution is modeled by a variance autoencoder to reveal the underlying lncRNA–disease relationship. Finally, an attentional representation-level integration module is constructed to adaptively fuse the three representations for lncRNA–disease association prediction. The proposed model is tested over a public dataset with a comprehensive list of evaluations. Our model outperforms six state-of-the-art lncRNA–disease prediction models with statistical significance. The ablation study showed the important contributions of three representations. In particular, the improved recall rates under different top $k$ values demonstrate that our model is powerful in discovering true disease-related lncRNAs in the top-ranked candidates. Case studies of three cancers further proved the capacity of our model to discover potential disease-related lncRNAs.
Tissue-resident memory T cells invade the brain parenchyma in multiple sclerosis white matter lesions
Authors: Fransen Nina L , Hsiao Cheng-Chih , van der Poel Marlijn , Engelenburg Hendrik J , Verdaasdonk Kim , Vincenten Maria C J , Remmerswaal Ester B M , Kuhlmann Tanja , Mason Matthew R J , Hamann Jörg , Smolders Joost , Huitinga Inge 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory, demyelinating disease, although it has been suggested that in the progressive late phase, inflammatory lesion activity declines. We recently showed in the Netherlands Brain Bank multiple sclerosis-autopsy cohort considerable ongoing inflammatory lesion activity also at the end stage of the disease, based on microglia/macrophage activity. We have now studied the role of T cells in this ongoing inflammatory lesion activity in chronic multiple sclerosis autopsy cases. We quantified T cells and perivascular T-cell cuffing at a standardized location in the medulla oblongata in 146 multiple sclerosis, 20 neurodegenerative control and 20 non-neurological control brain donors. In addition, we quantified CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells in 140 subcortical white matter lesions. The location of CD8+ T cells in either the perivascular space or the brain parenchyma was determined using CD8/laminin staining and confocal imaging. Finally, we analysed CD8+ T cells, isolated from fresh autopsy tissues from subcortical multiple sclerosis white matter lesions (n = 8), multiple sclerosis normal-appearing white matter (n = 7), and control white matter (n = 10), by flow cytometry. In normal-appearing white matter, the number of T cells was increased compared to control white matter. In active and mixed active/inactive lesions, the number of T cells was further augmented compared to normal-appearing white matter. Active and mixed active/inactive lesions were enriched for both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, the latter being more abundant in all lesion types. Perivascular clustering of T cells in the medulla oblongata was only found in cases with a progressive disease course and correlated with a higher percentage of mixed active/inactive lesions and a higher lesion load compared to cases without perivascular clusters in the medulla oblongata. In all white matter samples, CD8+ T cells were located mostly in the perivascular space, whereas in mixed active/inactive lesions, 16.3% of the CD8+ T cells were encountered in the brain parenchyma. CD8+ T cells from mixed active/inactive lesions showed a tissue-resident memory phenotype with expression of CD69, CD103, CD44, CD49a, and PD-1 and absence of S1P1. They upregulated markers for homing (CXCR6), reactivation (Ki-67), and cytotoxicity (GPR56), yet lacked the cytolytic enzyme granzyme B. These data show that in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis cases, inflammatory lesion activity and demyelinated lesion load is associated with an increased number of T cells clustering in the perivascular space. Inflammatory active multiple sclerosis lesions are populated by CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells, which show signs of reactivation and infiltration of the brain parenchyma.
Application of Combined Genomic and Transfer Analyses to Identify Factors Mediating Regional Spread of Antibiotic-resistant Bacterial Lineages
Authors: Wang Joyce , Foxman Betsy , Pirani Ali , Lapp Zena , Mody Lona , Snitkin Evan S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Patients entering nursing facilities (NFs) are frequently colonized with antibiotic-resistant organisms (AROs). To understand the determinants of ARO colonization on NF admission, we applied whole-genome sequencing to track the spread of 4 ARO species across regional NFs and evaluated patient-level characteristics and transfer acute care hospitals (ACHs) as risk factors for colonization.

Methods
Patients from 6 NFs (n = 584) were surveyed for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis/faecium (VREfc/VREfm), and ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli (CipREc) colonization. Genomic analysis was performed to quantify ARO spread between NFs and compared to patient-transfer networks. The association between admission colonization and patient-level variables and recent ACH exposures was examined.

Results
The majority of ARO isolates belonged to major healthcare-associated lineages: MRSA (sequence type [ST] 5); VREfc (ST6); CipREc (ST131), and VREfm (clade A). While the genomic similarity of strains between NF pairs was positively associated with overlap in their feeder ACHs (P &lt; .05 for MRSA, VREfc, and CipREc), limited phylogenetic clustering by either ACH or NF supported regional endemicity. Significant predictors for ARO colonization on NF admission included lower functional status and recent exposure to glycopeptides (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], &gt; 2 for MRSA and VREfc/VREfm) or third-/fourth-generation cephalosporins (aOR, &gt; 2 for MRSA and VREfm). Transfer from specific ACHs was an independent risk factor for only 1 ARO/ACH pair (VREfm/ACH19: aOR, 2.48).

Conclusions
In this region, healthcare-associated ARO lineages are endemic among connected NFs and ACHs, making patient characteristics more informative of NF admission colonization risk than exposure to specific ACHs.
Better decisions for food security? Critical reflections on the economics of food choice and decision-making in development economics
Authors: Stevano Sara , Johnston Deborah , Codjoe Emmanuel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWith malnutrition recognised as a key public health issue, attention has been placed on how individuals can make better decisions to attain food and nutrition security. Nevertheless, food practice entails a complex set of decisions that are not fully understood. This paper interrogates the focus on food choice by investigating how socio-economic relations shape practices of food provisioning. Given the surge of behavioural approaches in development economics and our focus on a middle-income country, we contextualise food choice in the transformations of the conceptualisations of decision-making in development economics. We draw on mixed-method evidence on food consumption practices among schoolchildren in Accra, Ghana. We find that the food decision-making process is complex in that it entails multiple moments and people, and embodies contradictory motivations. Decisions are negotiated outcomes reflecting social relations of power among the actors involved. Socio-economic inequality fragments the urban food environment and material living conditions. Furthermore, the concentration of capital gives the food industry the power to shape material and cultural relations to food in ways that extraordinarily limit the scope for individual choice. This is a critical case study to understand the contemporary dynamics of malnutrition in the urban Global South, with broader relevance for the analysis of food poverty elsewhere.
Intradialytic hypotension and relationship with cognitive function and brain morphometry
Authors: Cedeño Santiago , Desco Manuel , Aleman Yasser , Macías Nicolás , Fernández-Pena Alberto , Vega Almudena , Abad Soraya , López-Gómez Juan Manuel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
The haemodynamic stress brought about by dialysis could justify the loss of structural and functional integrity of the central nervous system (CNS). The main objective of this study was to analyse the relationship between intradialytic hypotension (IDH) and cognitive function and brain morphometry.

Methods
The cross-sectional KIDBRAIN study (Cohort Study of Morphological Changes of the Brain by MRI in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients) included 68 prevalent patients with no history of neurological disorders (cerebrovascular disease and cognitive impairment) undergoing haemodialysis (HD). We analysed 18 non-consecutive dialysis sessions (first three of each month over a 6-month period) and various definitions of IDH were recorded. Global cognitive function (GCF) was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and parameters of structural integrity of the CNS were obtained using volume morphometry magnetic resonance imaging analysis [grey matter (GM), white matter (WM) and hippocampus).

Results
A greater number of sessions with IDH were associated with less volume of WM (r = −0.359,P = 0.003) and hippocampus (r = −0.395, P = 0.001) independent of cardiovascular risk factors according to multivariable linear regression models (β = −0.198, P = 0.046 for WM; β = −0.253, P = 0.017 for hippocampus). The GCF by the MMSE was 27.3 ± 7.3.1 and was associated with WM volume (β = 0.403, P = 0.001) independent of GM and hippocampus volume. Symptomatic IDH was associated with GCF (r = −0.420, P &lt; 0.001) in adjusted analysis (β = −0.339, P = 0.008).

Conclusions
Even when asymptomatic, IDH is associated with a lower WM and hippocampus volume and reduced GCF in patients undergoing HD, thus suggesting greater vulnerability of the brain to the haemodynamic stress that may be generated by a dialysis session.
Deep Extreme Learning Machine-Based Optical Character Recognition System for Nastalique Urdu-Like Script Languages
Authors: Rizvi Syed Saqib Raza , Khan Muhammad Adnan , Abbas Sagheer , Asadullah Muhammad , Anwer Nida , Fatima Areej 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Optical character recognition systems convert printed or handwritten scripts into digital text formats like ASCII or UNICODE. Urdu-like script languages like Urdu, Punjabi and Sindhi are widely spoken languages of the world, especially in Asia. An enormous amount of printed and handwritten text of such languages exist, which needs to be converted into computer-understandable formats for knowledge extraction. In this study, extreme learning machine’s (ELM’s) most recently proposed variant called deep extreme learning machine (DELM)-based optical character recognition (OCR) system is proposed to enhance Urdu-like script language’s character recognition rate. The proposed DELM-based character recognition model is optimizing the OCR process by reducing the overhead of Pre-processing, Segmentation and Feature Extraction Layer. The proposed system evaluations accomplished 98.75% training accuracy with 1.492 × 10−3 RMSE and 98.12% testing accuracy with 1.587 × 10−3 RMSE, with six DELM hidden layers. The results show that the proposed system has attained the foremost recognition rate as compared to any previously proposed Urdu-like script language OCR system. This technique is applicable for machine-printed text and fractionally useful for handwritten text as well. This study will aid in the advancement of more accurate Urdu-like script OCR’s software systems in the future.
Review-Based Recommender Systems: A Proposed Rating Prediction Scheme Using Word Embedding Representation of Reviews
Authors: Hasanzadeh S , Fakhrahmad S M , Taheri M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Recommender systems nowadays play an important role in providing helpful information for users, especially in ecommerce applications. Many of the proposed models use rating histories of the users in order to predict unknown ratings. Recently, users’ reviews as a valuable source of knowledge have attracted the attention of researchers in this field and a new category denoted as review-based recommender systems has emerged. In this study, we make use of the information included in user reviews as well as available rating scores to develop a review-based rating prediction system. The proposed scheme attempts to handle the uncertainty problem of the rating histories, by fuzzifying the given ratings. Another advantage of the proposed system is the use of a word embedding representation model for textual reviews, instead of using traditional models such as binary bag of words and TFIDF 1 vector space. It also makes use of the helpfulness voting scores, in order to prune data and achieve better results. The effectiveness of the rating prediction scheme as well as the final recommender system was evaluated against the Amazon dataset. Experimental results revealed that the proposed recommender system outperforms its counterparts and can be used as a suitable tool in ecommerce environments.
Does a cannibal feeding strategy impart differential metabolic performance in young burbot (Lota lota maculosa)?
Authors: Frazier Amanda J , Jensen Nathan R , Young Shawn P , Todgham Anne E 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe practice of mitigating cannibalism in aquaculture is an important focus for hatcheries seeking to maximize yield and has been maintained in hatcheries focusing on wild stock restoration. We hypothesize, however, that a cannibal feeding strategy may confer performance advantages over a non-cannibal feeding strategy and that perhaps cannibal size grading may not be optimal for hatcheries focusing on conservation goals. This study examined metabolic performance differences between cannibal and non-cannibal burbot, Lota lota maculosa, at the Kootenai Tribe of Idaho Twin Rivers Hatchery in Moyie Springs, ID, USA. After habitat alteration led to functional extinction of burbot in the region, the Twin Rivers Hatchery has played a leading role in the reestablishment of burbot in the Kootenai River, ID, and British Columbia. We examined morphometric data (weight, length and condition factor), whole animal resting metabolic rate and the enzyme activity of lactate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase to describe the baseline metabolic performance of cannibal and non-cannibal burbot. Taken together, our results demonstrated significant differences in the metabolic strategies of cannibal vs. non-cannibal burbot, where cannibals relied more heavily on carbohydrate metabolism and non-cannibals relied more heavily on glycolytic and lipid metabolism. This study demonstrates the need to reevaluate the traditional practice of removing cannibal fish in conservation hatcheries, as it may not be the ideal strategy of raising the most robust individuals for release. When natural habitat conditions cannot be restored due to permanent habitat alteration, prioritizing release of higher performing individuals could help achieve conservation goals.