bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Postoperative Mortality in Patients with Organ Failure After Gastric Cancer Surgery
Authors: Park Ji‐Ho , Lee Hyuk‐Joon , Oh Seung‐Young , Park Shin‐Hoo , Berlth Felix , Son Young‐Gil , Kim Tae Han , Huh Yeon‐Ju , Yang Jun‐Young , Lee Kyung‐Goo , Suh Yun‐Suhk , Kong Seong‐Ho , Yang Han‐Kwang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundScarce data are available on the characteristics of postoperative organ failure (POF) and mortality after gastrectomy. We aimed to describe the causes of organ failure and mortality related to gastrectomy for gastric cancer and to identify patients with POF who are at a risk of failure to rescue (FTR).MethodsThe study examined patients with POF or in‐hospital mortality in Seoul National University Hospital between 2005 and 2014. We identified patients at a high risk of FTR by analyzing laboratory findings, complication data, intensive care unit records, and risk scoring including Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) IV, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, and Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) 3 at ICU admission.ResultsAmong the 7304 patients who underwent gastrectomy, 80 (1.1%) were identified with Clavien–Dindo classification (CDC) grade ≥ IVa. The numbers of patients with CDC grade IVa, IVb, and V were 48 (0.66%), 11 (0.15%), and 21 (0.29%), respectively. Pulmonary failure (43.8%), surgical site complication (27.5%), and cardiac failure (13.8%) were the most common causes of POF and mortality. Cancer progression (100%) and cardiac events (45.5%) showed high FTR rates. In univariate analysis, acidosis, hypoalbuminemia, SOFA, APACHE IV, and SAPS 3 were identified as risk factors for FTR (P < 0.05). Finally, SAPS 3 was identified as an independent predictive factor for FTR.ConclusionsCancer progression and acute cardiac failure were the most lethal causes of FTR. SAPS 3 is an independent predictor of FTR among POF patients after gastrectomy.
Doxapram as an additive to propofol sedation for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blinded study
Authors: Jokelainen Jarno , Belozerskikh Anna , Mustonen Harri , Udd Marianne , Kylänpää Leena , Lindström Outi , Mazanikov Maxim , Pöyhiä R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundEndoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) requires moderate to deep sedation, usually with propofol. Adverse effects of propofol sedation are relatively common, such as respiratory and cardiovascular depression. This study was conducted to determine if doxapram, a respiratory stimulant, could be used to reduce the incidence of respiratory depression.MethodsThis is a single-center, prospective randomized double-blind study performed in the endoscopy unit of Helsinki University Central Hospital. 56 patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either receive doxapram as an initial 1 mg/kg bolus and an infusion of 1 mg/kg/h (group DOX) or placebo (group P) during propofol sedation for ERCP. Main outcome measures were apneic episodes and hypoxemia (SpO2 < 90%). Mann–Whitney test for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test for discrete variables were used and mixed effects modeling to take into account repeated measurements on the same subject and comparing both changes within a group as a function of time and between the groups.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences in apneic episodes (p = 0.18) or hypoxemia (p = 0.53) between the groups. There was a statistically significant rise in etCO2levels in both groups, but the rise was smaller in group P. There was a statistically significant rise in Bispectral Index (p = 0.002) but not modified Observer’s Assessment of Agitation/Sedation (p = 0.21) in group P. There were no statistically significant differences in any other measured parameters.ConclusionsDoxapram was not effective in reducing respiratory depression caused by deep propofol sedation during ERCP. Further studies are warranted using different sedation protocols and dosing regimens.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02171910.
Association of laparoscopic colectomy versus open colectomy on the long-term health-related quality of life of colon cancer survivors
Authors: Thong Melissa S. Y. , Jansen Lina , Chang-Claude Jenny , Hoffmeister Michael , Brenner Hermann , Arndt Volker 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Laparoscopic colectomy (LC) is a less invasive alternative to open colectomy (OC) in the treatment of stage I–III colon cancer. Research on the long-term (5-year post-diagnosis) health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of LC patients is scarce. Our study aimed to compare the long-term HRQOL and psychological well-being of stage I–III colon cancer survivors treated either with LC or OC.

Methods
This study used a German population-based cohort of patients treated with either LC (n = 86) or OC (n = 980). LC patients were matched to OC patients using a propensity score. At 5-year follow-up, patients completed assessments on HRQOL (EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-CR29) and psychological well-being (distress and disease/treatment burden). Least square mean scores of HRQOL were derived using linear regression. Proportions of patients with moderate/high distress and disease/treatment burden were compared with Chi-square tests.

Results
In total, 81 LC patients were matched to 156 OC patients. Generally, LC patients had HRQOL comparable to OC patients, albeit LC patients reported significantly better body image (87.1 versus 81.0, p = 0.03). Distress levels were generally low and comparable between the two groups, even though LC patients were more likely to experience disease recurrence (16% versus 7%, p = 0.02) than OC patients. OC patients were more likely to feel moderate/high levels of burden associated with the treatment (72% versus 56%, p = 0.01) and the time after treatment completion (43% versus 28%, p = 0.02).

Conclusion
LC patients reported comparable long-term HRQOL outcomes but higher levels of psychological well-being than OC patients 5 years after diagnosis, even though LC was associated with higher risk of disease recurrence.
On proportional deformation paths in hypoplasticity
Authors: Bauer Erich , Kovtunenko Victor A. , Krejčí Pavel , Krenn Nepomuk , Siváková Lenka , Zubkova Anna V. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe investigate rate-independent stress paths under constant rate of strain within the hypoplasticity theory of Kolymbas type. For a particular simplified hypoplastic constitutive model, the exact solution of the corresponding system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations is obtained in analytical form. On its basis, the behaviour of stress paths is examined in dependence of the direction of the proportional strain paths and material parameters of the model.
Automated local Fourier analysis (aLFA)
Authors: Kahl Karsten , Kintscher Nils 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLocal Fourier analysis is a commonly used tool to assess the quality and aid in the construction of geometric multigrid methods for translationally invariant operators. In this paper we automate the process of local Fourier analysis and present a framework that can be applied to arbitrary, including non-orthogonal, repetitive structures. To this end we introduce the notion of crystal structures and a suitable definition of corresponding wave functions, which allow for a natural representation of almost all translationally invariant operators that are encountered in applications, e.g., discretizations of systems of PDEs, tight-binding Hamiltonians of crystalline structures, colored domain decomposition approaches and last but not least two- or multigrid hierarchies. Based on this definition we are able to automate the process of local Fourier analysis both with respect to spatial manipulations of operators as well as the Fourier analysis back-end. This automation most notably simplifies the user input by removing the necessity for compatible representations of the involved operators. Each individual operator and its corresponding structure can be provided in any representation chosen by the user.
Advantage of clonal deployment in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst)
Authors: Chen Zhi-Qiang , Hai Hong Nguyen Thi , Helmersson Andreas , Liziniewicz Mateusz , Hallingbäck Henrik R. , Fries Anders , Berlin Mats , Wu Harry X. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Key message

There is considerable genetic gain of tree volume from clonal deployment in Norway spruce (Picea abies(L.) H. Karst) and clonal deployment will have at least 50% more or double genetic gain than the seedling deployment.

Context

Genetic parameters and genetic gains for wood quality and growth traits were estimated in six large clonal progeny trials.

Aims

Develop the optimal clonal deployment strategy of Norway spruce in Sweden.

Methods

Wood quality and growth traits were measured in all clonal trials and additive and non-additive genetic variances are partitioned.

Results

Additive and non-additive genetic variances were equally important for growth traits while non-additive variance was small or not significant for wood quality trait. The genetic gain predicted for clonal deployment was greater than any of the other four deployment strategies. Selecting the top 1% of tested clones (clonal forestry) would have 48.4% and 134.6% more gain than the gain predicted for the seedling deployment of selected full-sib families and half-sib family (family forestry), respectively, at the same selection intensity.

Conclusion

This study highlights that testing of 30–40 clones per family would maximize the realized genetic gain for different clonal selection scenarios, either selecting the best ten or 20 clones without any co-ancestry restrictions or selecting the best single clone from each of the best ten or 20 families (e.g., co-ancestry restriction). Clonal mean selection and vegetative deployment are the most effective.
Overlap joining of aluminium and copper using laser micro welding with spatial power modulation
Authors: Hollatz S. , Heinen P. , Limpert E. , Olowinsky A. , Gillner A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe rising demand for high power battery systems for the electric mobility requires the connection of a large number of cells. Due to the functionality of the cell chemistry, a combination of copper and aluminium is necessary. The differing material properties like thermal conductivity as well as the formation of intermetallic phases are challenging for welding processes. This study contains the results for overlap joints of copper and aluminium using a laser beam welding process with spatial power modulation. With a parameter variation, the cross-sectional shape of the weld seams and therefore, the ratio of depth to width can be adjusted. With additional longitudinal cross sections and an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, the different mixing behaviour of the dissimilar material depending on the top layer is investigated.
Natural and Eco-Friendly Materials for Triboelectric Energy Harvesting
Authors: Slabov Vladislav , Kopyl Svitlana , Soares dos Santos Marco P. , Kholkin Andrei L. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are promising electric energy harvesting devices as they can produce renewable clean energy using mechanical excitations from the environment. Several designs of triboelectric energy harvesters relying on biocompatible and eco-friendly natural materials have been introduced in recent years. Their ability to provide customizable self-powering for a wide range of applications, including biomedical devices, pressure and chemical sensors, and battery charging appliances, has been demonstrated. This review summarizes major advances already achieved in the field of triboelectric energy harvesting using biocompatible and eco-friendly natural materials. A rigorous, comparative, and critical analysis of preparation and testing methods is also presented. Electric power up to 14 mW was already achieved for the dry leaf/polyvinylidene fluoride-based TENG devices. These findings highlight the potential of eco-friendly self-powering systems and demonstrate the unique properties of the plants to generate electric energy for multiple applications.
Metabolic and catecholamine response to sympathetic stimulation in early-treated adult male patients with phenylketonuria
Authors: Sumanszki Csaba , Kovacs Krisztian , Karvaly Gellert Balazs , Kiss Erika , Simon Erika , Patocs Attila , Toth Miklos , Komka Zsolt , Reismann Peter 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeDefective function of phenylalanine hydroxylase in phenylketonuria (PKU) results in the accumulation of phenylalanine (Phe) and the reduction of tyrosine (Tyr) in the blood, interfering in the normal development and function of organs and tissues in the body. Tyr is the precursor of catecholamines, secreted in response to stress by the adrenal medulla and paraganglia. The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma catecholamine and amino acid response to an escalating series of sympathetic stress tests in PKU patients.MethodsTwelve males with classical PKU (aged 18–41 years) and ten healthy male controls were included in this study. The subjects were exposed to three different sympathetic stress stimulations: cold pressor, isometric handgrip, and peak treadmill tests to exhaustion. Physiological, metabolic, and hormonal changes were determined.ResultsAerobic capacity (VO2max) was significantly lower in the PKU group (p = 0.018); however, relative VO2maxwas similar in the two groups during the spiroergometric test. No significant differences in norepinephrine or in epinephrine response were found between the two groups during the different stimulation tests. Blood Phe increased significantly in the PKU group compared with controls (p = 0.027) during the spiroergometric test, while Tyr levels remained stable in both groups.ConclusionPKU itself might not influence stress-induced catecholamine changes. Only strenuous exercise increased blood Phe levels in PKU subjects.
Sex Differences in Care Need and Survival in Patients Admitted to Nursing Home Poststroke
Authors: Yu Amy Y. X. , Maclagan Laura C. , Diong Christina , Austin Peter C. , Kapral Moira K. , Swartz Richard H. , Bronskill Susan E. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT:Background:Women are more likely to be admitted to nursing home after stroke than men. Differences in patient characteristics and outcomes by sex after institutionalization are less understood. We examined sex differences in the characteristics and care needs of patients admitted to nursing home following stroke and their subsequent survival.Methods:We identified patients with stroke newly admitted to nursing home between April 2011 and March 2016 in Ontario, Canada, with follow-up until March 2018 using linked administrative data. We calculated prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the primary outcomes of dependence for activities of daily living, cognitive impairment, frailty, health instability, and symptoms of depression or pain, comparing women to men. The secondary outcome was all-cause mortality.Results:Among 4831 patients, 60.9% were women. Compared to men, women were older (median age [interquartile range, IQR]: 84 [78, 89] vs. 80 [71, 86]), more likely to be frail (prevalence ratio 1.14, 95% CI [1.08, 1.19]), have unstable health (1.45 [1.28, 1.66]), and experience symptoms of depression (1.25 [1.11, 1.40]) or pain (1.21 [1.13, 1.30]), and less likely to have aggressive behaviors (0.87 [0.80, 0.94]). Overall median survival was 2.9 years. In a propensity-score-matched cohort, women had lower mortality than men (hazard ratio 0.85, 95% CI [0.77, 0.94]), but in the age-stratified survival analysis, the survival advantage in women was limited to those aged 75 years and older.Conclusions:Despite lower subsequent mortality, women admitted to nursing home after stroke required more care than men. Pain and depression are two treatable symptoms that disproportionately affect women.
Reconciliation and Cultural Genocide: A Critique of Liberal Multicultural Strategies of Innocence
Authors: Paquette Elisabeth 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe aim of this article is to interrogate the concept of cultural genocide. The primary context examined is the Government of Canada's recent attempt at reconciliation through the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Drawing on the work of Audra Simpson (Mohawk), Glen Sean Coulthard (Yellowknives Dene), Kyle Powys Whyte (Potawatomi), Stephanie Lumsden (Hupa), and Luana Ross (Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes, located at Flathead Indian Reservation in Montana), I argue that cultural genocide, like cultural rights, is depoliticized, thus limiting the political impact these concepts can invoke. Following Sylvia Wynter, I also argue that the aims of “truth and reconciliation” can sometimes serve to resituate the power of a liberal multicultural settler state, rather than seek systemic changes that would properly address the present-day implications of the residential school system. Finally, I argue that genocide and culture need to be repoliticized in order to support Indigenous futurity and sovereignty.
Withdrawing and Drawing In: Political Discourse in Policed Communities
Authors: Weaver Vesla , Prowse Gwen , Piston Spencer 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA growing body of literature examines how direct or vicarious contact with forms of state surveillance affects political behavior and perceptions of government legitimacy. We develop a new method, Portals, to collect conversations between black residents from highly policed areas in five different U.S. cities between 2016 and 2018. While existing research emphasizes how interactions with the carceral state are alienating and demobilizing, our analysis of these conversations identifies productive ways in which citizens respond to oppressive encounters with police. The political discourses used by Portals participants, we argue, are centered on a logic of “collective autonomy”—given police ignorance, abuses of police authority, and the little political power that residents of highly policed communities have to demand change, many conclude that power is best achieved by strategically distancing from state institutions in the short term while building community power in the long term. Crucially, articulations of collective autonomy transcend the ideological positions of participants and track closely with an ideological tradition in black politics that persists across generations and contexts of state oppression.
Relevance of students’ demographic characteristics, sources of information and personal attitudes towards HIV testing for HIV knowledge: evidence from a post-conflict setting
Authors: Milic Marija , Dotlic Jelena , Stevanovic Jasmina , Parlic Milan , Mitic Katarina , Nicholson Desmond , Arsovic Aleksandra , Gazibara Tatjana 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAlthough studies on HIV knowledge have previously been conducted in central Serbia and southern Kosovo, none has included the Serbian population residing in the northern part of the Kosovo province. The aim of this study was to assess HIV-related knowledge and to estimate factors contributing to a higher HIV-related knowledge level among Serbian university students in the Kosovo province. A cross-sectional study including 1017 first- and fourth-year students enrolled at the University of Pristina temporarily seated in Kosovska Mitrovica was carried out during the academic year 2013–2014. The students completed a 31-item questionnaire comprising demographic data, HIV transmission knowledge and attitude towards HIV testing. Data were statistically analysed. Students demonstrated good knowledge of HIV (average 32.8 ± 3.3 out of a maximum 42). Only 5% of the students reported having been tested for HIV. Factors associated with being more knowledgeable about HIV were studying health-related disciplines (β= −0.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.13, 0.00), using the internet as a source of information about HIV (β= −1.09; 95% CI −1.65, −0.52), having a positive attitude towards HIV testing (β= −0.43; 95% CI −0.59, −0.26), having a low self-perceived risk for HIV infection (β= 0.41; 95% CI 0.23, 0.56) and the position that one would keep the same level of contact with an HIV-positive person after learning their HIV status (β= 0.38; 95% CI 0.21, 0.55). Setting up specialized classes on this topic at high schools and universities could help to increase the awareness of HIV infection and promote HIV testing and a positive attitude towards HIV-positive persons.
Music Lessons: Exploring the Role and Meaning of Music for Older Adults with Dementia
Authors: Elliott Melanie , Gardner Paula , Narushima Miya , McCleary Lynn 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTAn aging population and increasing rates of dementia point to the need for alternative strategies that allow individuals to age in place. This multiple case study explored, from an insider’s perspective, the role and meaning of music for individuals with dementia who are aging in place. Methods were semi-structured interviews, observations, and videos. The study’s central theme is connection, with three types of “connectors” – self, partner, and music – as subthemes. Connection to self involves present moment awareness, accessing memories, and self-expression. Connection to partner builds on self-connection and spending time together with music. Lastly, the connection to music builds on the previous two subthemes as well as the desire to keep things “normal”. This study provides insight into the growing body of interdisciplinary literature dedicated to dementia, music, aging in place, and contemplative practices, as well as implications for aging and caring for someone with dementia.
Weak Superiority, Imprecise Equality and the Repugnant Conclusion
Authors: Jensen Karsten Klint 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDerek Parfit defends the Imprecise Lexical View as a way to avoid the Repugnant Conclusion. Allowing for ‘imprecise equality’, Parfit argues, makes it possible to avoid some well-known problems for the Lexical View. It is demonstrated that the Lexical View (without imprecise equality) has stronger implications than envisaged by Parfit; moreover, his assumption of Non-diminishing Marginal Value makes the Lexical View collapse into a much stronger view, which lets the two appear incompatible. Introducing imprecise equality does not address the latter problem. But it does makes it possible for the Imprecise Lexical View to soften the discontinuities it would otherwise face, at the cost of blurring the difference between options.However, if Non-diminishing Marginal Value is rejected, the remaining complications for the resulting most plausible version of the Imprecise Lexical View, including a confrontation with Arrhenius’ Non-Elitism Condition, may be within a range where the view largely remains defensible.