bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative quality of life as prediction for severe postoperative complications in gynecological cancer surgery: results of a prospective study
Authors: Sehouli Jalid , Heise Kathrin , Richter Rolf , Woopen Hannah , Anders Louise , Inci Melisa Guelhan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate preoperative quality of life (QoL) as a predictive tool for severe postoperative complications (POC) in gynecological cancer surgery.

Methods
This is a prospective study of patients undergoing gynecologic cancer surgery at an academic center in Germany. QoL was assessed by the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30) and the NCCN Distress Thermometer (DT). Several geriatric assessment tools have been applied. POC were graded using Clavien–Dindo criteria. Using multivariable logistic regression models, we identified predictive clinical characteristics for postoperative complications.

Results
Within 30 days of surgery, 40 patients (18%) experienced grade ≥ 3b complications including 9 patients (4%) who died. The dominant complication was anastomosis insufficiency with 13 patients (5.8%). In the multivariable stepwise logistic regression through all univariate significant variables, we found that impaired physical functioning was predictive of POC, defined by an EORTC score < 70 (OR 5.08, 95% CI 2.23–11.59, p < 0.001). Regarding symptoms nausea/vomiting assessed as an EORTC score > 20 (OR 3.08, 95% CI 1.15–8.26, p = 0.025) indicated a significant predictive value. Being overweight or obese (BMI > 25) were also identified as predictive factors (OR 5.44, 95% CI 2.04–14.49, p = 0.001) as were reduced Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) results < 27 (OR 7.94, 95% CI 1.36–45.46, p = 0.02).

Conclusion
Preoperative QoL measurements could help to predict postoperative complications in patients with gynecological cancer. Patients with limitations of mobility, debilitating symptoms and cognitive impairment have an increased risk for developing severe POC.
Outcome of half-dose photodynamic therapy in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy with fovea-involving atrophy
Authors: van Rijssen Thomas J. , van Dijk Elon H. C. , Scholz Paula , MacLaren Robert E. , Fauser Sascha , Downes Susan M. , Hoyng Carel B. , Boon Camiel J. F. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the clinical outcomes after half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSC) patients with pre-existent fovea-involving atrophy.

Methods
In this retrospective study, cCSC patients who had a window defect of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) on fluorescein angiography (FA), compatible with RPE atrophy, prior to half-dose PDT were included.

Results
Thirty-four cCSC eyes with typical findings of cCSC on multimodal imaging, and fovea-involving RPE atrophy on FA, were included. At the first visit after PDT (at a median of 1.8 months after half-dose PDT), 20 eyes (59%) had a complete resolution of SRF (p < 0.001), while this was the case in 19 eyes (56%) at final visit (median of 11.3 months after half-dose PDT; p < 0.001). The mean BCVA in Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters was 71. 2 ± 15.9 at last visit before PDT, which increased to 74.1 ± 14.1 at first visit after PDT (p = 0.093, compared with baseline), and changed to 73.0 ± 19.1 at final visit (p = 0.392, compared with baseline). Both at first visit after PDT and at final visit, a significant decrease in subfoveal choroidal thickness was observed (p = 0.032 and p = 0.004, respectively).

Conclusions
Half-dose PDT in cCSC patients with pre-existing fovea-involving atrophy may lead to anatomical changes, but not to functional improvements. Ideally, cCSC should be treated with half-dose PDT before the occurrence of such atrophy.
Towards systematic nomenclature for cell-free DNA
Authors: Bronkhorst Abel J. , Ungerer Vida , Diehl Frank , Anker Philippe , Dor Yuval , Fleischhacker Michael , Gahan Peter B. , Hui Lisa , Holdenrieder Stefan , Thierry Alain R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCell-free DNA (cfDNA) has become widely recognized as a promising candidate biomarker for minimally invasive characterization of various genomic disorders and other clinical scenarios. However, among the obstacles that currently challenge the general progression of the research field, there remains an unmet need for unambiguous universal cfDNA nomenclature. To address this shortcoming, we classify in this report the different types of cfDNA molecules that occur in the human body based on its origin, genetic traits, and locality. We proceed by assigning existing terms to each of these cfDNA subtypes, while proposing new terms and abbreviations where clarity is lacking and more precise stratification would be beneficial. We then suggest the proper usage of these terms within different contexts and scenarios, focusing mainly on the nomenclature as it relates to the domains of oncology, prenatal testing, and post-transplant surgery surveillance. We hope that these recommendations will serve as useful considerations towards the establishment of universal cfDNA nomenclature in the future. In addition, it is conceivable that many of these recommendations can be transposed to cell-free RNA nomenclature by simply exchanging “DNA” with “RNA” in each acronym/abbreviation. Similarly, when describing DNA and RNA collectively, the suffix can be replaced with “NAs” to indicate nucleic acids.
A novel downscaling procedure for compositional data in the Aitchison geometry with application to soil texture data
Authors: Gatti Federico , Menafoglio Alessandra , Togni Niccolò , Bonaventura Luca , Brambilla Davide , Papini Monica , Longoni Laura 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this work, we present a novel downscaling procedure for compositional quantities based on the Aitchison geometry. The method is able to naturally consider compositional constraints, i.e. unit-sum and positivity, accounting for the scale invariance and relative scale of these data. We show that the method can be used in a block sequential Gaussian simulation framework in order to assess the variability of downscaled quantities. Finally, to validate the method, we test it first in an idealized scenario and then apply it for the downscaling of digital soil maps on a more realistic case study. The digital soil maps for the realistic case study are obtained from SoilGrids, a system for automated soil mapping based on state-of-the-art spatial predictions methods.
Physical exercise for bone health in men with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy: a systematic review
Authors: Bressi Barbara , Cagliari Maribel , Contesini Massimiliano , Mazzini Elisa , Bergamaschi Franco Antonio Mario , Moscato Alfredo , Bassi Maria Chiara , Costi Stefania 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a treatment used in men with prostate cancer (PCa); however it is responsible for many adverse effects, with negative impact on quality of life. ADT causes loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and skeletal muscle mass, alteration of body composition, and cognitive function, which altogether lead to increased risk of accidental falls and fractures. This systematic review analyses the effectiveness of physical exercise (PE) in preventing accidental falls and fractures and reducing the loss of BMD in men with PCa receiving ADT.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library for articles between database inception and September 2, 2020. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of exercise on bone health in men with PCa receiving ADT.

Results
Nine RCTs were included. Experimental PE consisted in multicomponent programmes that involved aerobic, resistance, impact-loading exercise, and football training. None of the RCTs investigated the risk of accidental falls and fractures, while two trials reported beneficial effects of PE on lumbar spine, hip, and femoral shaft BMD. No further significant difference was detected in the outcomes investigated.

Conclusion
Evidence of the effectiveness of PE to prevent the risk of accidental falls and fractures and BMD loss is lacking. Nevertheless, clinical guidelines recommend PE as a part of the clinical management of men with PCa receiving ADT due to its known numerous health benefits. Research should focus on PE strategies to prevent accidental falls, a clinically relevant outcome in this vulnerable population.

Trial registration
The study protocol was registered with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, number CRD 42020158444) on 04/28/2020.
Revisiting Epistemic Injustice in the Context of Agency
Authors: Radoilska Lubomira 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhat makes an injustice epistemic rather than ethical or political? How does the former, more recent category relate to the latter, better-known forms of injustice? To address these questions, the papers of this Special Issue investigate epistemic injustice in close connection to different conceptions of agency, both epistemic and practical.
Reliance on Biological Nitrogen Fixation Depletes Soil Phosphorus and Potassium Reserves
Authors: Reimer Marie , Hartmann Tobias Edward , Oelofse Myles , Magid Jakob , Bünemann Else K. , Möller Kurt 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLimited nutrient availability is one of the major challenges in organic farming. Little is known about nutrient budgets of organic farms, the underlying factors or effects on soil fertility. We therefore assessed farm gate nutrient budgets for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S) of 20 organic farms in Germany and analyzed their soil nutri-ent status. In average, the budgets showed a surplus of N (19 kg ha−1), K (5 kg ha−1), S (12 kg ha−1), and Mg (7 kg ha−1), and a deficit of P (−3 kg ha−1). There was, however, high variability between farms (e.g. standard deviation up to ± 36 kg N ha−1), which was mainly explained by different degrees of reliance on biological N fixation (BNF) as N source. When farms obtained more than 60% of their N input through BNF, they had deficits of P (mean −8 kg P ha−1) and K (mean −18 kg K ha−1). Nutrient status of most soils was within the ad-vised corridor, but for P, K and Mg, 10–15% of fields were lower and 45–63% were higher than advised. Extractable soil nutrient contents did not correlate with the nutrient budgets, inputs or outputs. Only extractable soil P increased with increasing P inputs and outputs. Fur-thermore, a decrease in extractable soil P was detected with a prolonged history of organic farming, indicating a risk of soil P mining in organic farming systems. In conclusion, the study revealed nutrient imbalances in organic farming and pointed to P and K scarcity as a major challenge for organic farms with high reliance on BNF in the long term.
An Optimization Principle for Computing Stationary MHD Equilibria with Solar Wind Flow
Authors: Wiegelmann Thomas , Neukirch Thomas , Nickeler Dieter H. , Chifu Iulia 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this work we describe a numerical optimization method for computing stationary MHD equilibria. The newly developed code is based on a nonlinear force-free optimization principle. We apply our code to model the solar corona using synoptic vector magnetograms as boundary condition. Below about two solar radii the plasma $\beta $
β
and Alfvén Mach number $M_{A}$

M
A

are small and the magnetic field configuration of stationary MHD is basically identical to a nonlinear force-free field, whereas higher up in the corona (where $\beta $
β
and $M_{A}$

M
A

are above unity) plasma and flow effects become important and stationary MHD and force-free configuration deviate significantly. The new method allows for the reconstruction of the coronal magnetic field further outwards than with potential field, nonlinear force-free or magnetostatic models. This way the model might help to provide the magnetic connectivity for joint observations of remote sensing and in-situ instruments on Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe.
Municipalities’ Decision to Care: At Home or in a Nursing Home
Authors: Theisen Theis 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAn almost ideal demand system for long-term care is estimated using data from Norway, where the split of long-term care between home care and care in nursing homes is determined by municipalities. Previous literature has barely addressed what determines municipalities’ or other organizations’ allocations of resources to the sub-sectors of long-term care. The results show that home care is a luxury, while nursing home care is a necessity with respect to total expenditures on long-term care. Municipalities respond to high unit costs for home care by reducing that type of care. Municipalities are highly responsive to variations in the need for the two types of care and seem to provide a well-functioning insurance mechanism for long-term care. In the previous empirical literature, municipalities’ role as providers of insurance against the consequences of disabilities and frailty has received scant attention.
Predicting N-Strain Coexistence from Co-colonization Interactions: Epidemiology Meets Ecology and the Replicator Equation
Authors: Madec Sten , Gjini Erida 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMulti-type infection processes are ubiquitous in ecology, epidemiology and social systems, but remain hard to analyze and to understand on a fundamental level. Here, we study a multi-strain susceptible-infected-susceptible model with coinfection. A host already colonized by one strain can become more or less vulnerable to co-colonization by a second strain, as a result of facilitating or competitive interactions between the two. Fitness differences between N strains are mediated through $$N^2$$

N
2

altered susceptibilities to secondary infection that depend on colonizer-cocolonizer identities ($$K_{ij}$$

K

ij

). By assuming strain similarity in such pairwise traits, we derive a model reduction for the endemic system using separation of timescales. This ‘quasi-neutrality’ in trait space sets a fast timescale where all strains interact neutrally, and a slow timescale where selective dynamics unfold. We find that these slow dynamics are governed by the replicator equation for N strains. Our framework allows to build the community dynamics bottom-up from only pairwise invasion fitnesses between members. We highlight that mean fitness of the multi-strain network, changes with their individual dynamics, acts equally upon each type, and is a key indicator of system resistance to invasion. By uncovering the link between N-strain epidemiological coexistence and the replicator equation, we show that the ecology of co-colonization relates to Fisher’s fundamental theorem and to Lotka-Volterra systems. Besides efficient computation and complexity reduction for any system size, these results open new perspectives into high-dimensional community ecology, detection of species interactions, and evolution of biodiversity.
Herausforderung Abstinenz – Fallbericht und Übersicht zur Therapie von Alkoholabhängigkeit bei Schwangerschaft
Authors: Listabarth Stephan , König Daniel , Wippel Andreas , Pruckner Nathalie , Castillo Deirdre Maria , Vyssoki Sandra , Gmeiner Andrea 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDie potenziell teratogenen Effekte von Alkoholkonsum in der Schwangerschaft stellen wichtige medizinische sowie sozio-ökonomische Faktoren dar. Die Einhaltung einer strikten Alkoholkarenz während der Schwangerschaft, stellt allerdings besonders für Frauen, welche an einer Alkoholabhängigkeit leiden, eine große Herausforderung dar. Eine optimale psychopharmakologische Behandlung der werdenden Mütter ist auf Grund unzureichender Studienlage oder bekannter Teratogenität selten möglich. Die aktuell zugelassenen Substanzen zur Anticraving- sowie Rückfallsprophylaxe bei Alkoholabhängigkeit sind in der Schwangerschaft kontraindiziert. Die off-label Verwendung von Ondansetron (5-HT3-Rezeptor-Antagonist) als Rückfallsprophylaxe ist eine mögliche therapeutische Option. Im hier dargestellten Fall erhielt eine schwangere Patientin eine psychopharmakologische Behandlung mit Sertralin, Quetiapin sowie Ondansetron. Unter dieser Therapie konnte während der Schwangerschaft eine durchgehende Abstinenz bei der Patientin erreicht werden.
Fabrication of MoS2-deposited TiO2 hollow microspheres and their enhanced photocatalytic application in the generation of hydrogen
Authors: Chimmikuttanda Sajan Ponnappa , Akple Maxwell Selase , Naik Amol , Rajegowda Ravi Hethegowdanahally 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Abstract
MoS2-deposited TiO2 hollow spheres were synthesized successfully under mild temperature and autogenous pressure. The hydrothermal technique was adopted for the synthesis of the TiO2 hollow microsphere, followed by a photodeposition technique for the deposition of MoS2. The physical and chemical nature of the samples was characterized using X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, XPS and UV–vis spectroscopy. In an aqueous medium under the influence of light, the characterized samples were used in the production of hydrogen via photocatalysis. The increase in the formation of hydrogen content during photocatalysis confirms the successful generation and the benefits of the photogenerated carriers. With an increase in the MoS2 content, there is an incredible change in the photocatalytic performance. The resultant is due to the free moment of the holes and electrons and lessening in charge recombination centres formed as a result of the nano-heterojunction linking between MoS2 and TiO2. A more significant photocatalytic production of hydrogen was achieved using 50 MST sample i.e. 106 μmol−1 g−1 beyond which it tends to decrease with an increase in MoS2 content.

Graphic abstract
A critical analysis of ecological sustainability ideology in award-winning early children’s literature
Authors: White Peta J. , Auld Glenn , Wells Muriel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA framework to critically consider the ecological sustainability messaging in children’s literature is presented to authors, illustrators and editors, as well as teachers, parents and students/children. We have applied this framework to three books from the Children’s Book Council of Australia (CBCA) 2015 Notables list using critical discourse analysis (CDA). Findings suggest that there are themes and images in these award-winning texts that do not support ecological sustainability and we argue that children’s literature should be judged with criteria including ecological sustainability. Our hope is that ecological sustainability principles and practices lead to changes in social discourse through intergenerational storytelling.
Increasing Participation and Access to Economic Associations and Their Services
Authors: Frey Elaine F. , Caviglia-Harris Jill L. , Walsh Patrick 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDiscussions about increasing diversity in economics have ignored the role that associations play in the engagement of underrepresented economists. We continue work on diversity and inclusion in the Northeastern Agriculture and Resource Economics Association (NAREA) and other associations by analyzing membership and meeting attendance to promote diversity in economics. We estimate a vector error correction model (VECM) to identify the determinants of membership and meeting attendance and use member survey data to model membership and meeting attendance behavior. We find inequalities across gender, income, and professional status. Recommendations include locating meetings in accessible cities, increasing networking opportunities, and providing more services supporting underrepresented groups.
Thinking about Values in Science: Ethical versus Political Approaches
Authors: Schroeder S. Andrew 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPhilosophers of science now broadly agree that doing good science involves making non-epistemic value judgments. I call attention to two very different normative standards which can be used to evaluate such judgments: standards grounded inethicsand standards grounded inpolitical philosophy. Though this distinction has not previously been highlighted, I show that the values in science literature contain arguments of each type. I conclude by explaining why this distinction is important. Seeking to determine whether some value-laden determination meets substantive ethical standards is a very different endeavor from seeking to determine if it is politically legitimate.
Review of Portable Basic Life Support Equipment
Authors: Ma Shuai , Fan Bin , Fan Haojun , Hou Shike 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this article, the development course and current research status of physiological information monitoring equipment are briefly reviewed and analyzed. The research progress of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) equipment at home and abroad, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of existing CPR equipment, are the main points of discussion. This article discusses the design feasibility and technical points of the portable integrated basic life support machine, based on existing equipment and technology, and summarizes possible interesting future research directions.
Evaluation of extracellular vesicles and gDNA from culture medium as a possible indicator of developmental competence in human embryos
Authors: Veraguas Daniel , Aguilera Constanza , Henriquez Carlos , Velasquez Alejandra E. , Melo-Baez Barbara , Silva-Ibañez Pedro , Castro Fidel O. , Rodriguez-Alvarez Lleretny 
Published: October 2020

SummaryHuman embryos generated in vitro have a high incidence of chromosomal abnormalities that negatively affect pregnancy rate. Embryos generated in vitro secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the culture medium that could be used potentially as indicators of embryo competence. This research aimed to evaluate the concentration and size of EVs and their gDNA content as an indicator of developmental competence in human embryos. Human embryos generated by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were classified morphologically as of either TOP, FAIR or POOR quality. Culture medium and developmentally arrested embryos (which were not able to be used for embryo transfer) were collected. Microvesicles, exosomes (MV/Exo) and apoptotic bodies (ABs) were isolated from culture medium. Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) analysis were performed to evaluate EVs and their gDNA content. From NTA, the diameter (mean) of MVs/Exo from TOP quality embryos was higher (112.17 nm) compared with that of FAIR (108.02) and POOR quality embryos (102.78 nm) (P < 0.05). aCGH analysis indicated that MVs/Exo and ABs carried gDNA with the presence of 23 chromosome pairs. However, when arrested embryos were compared with their respective MVs/Exo and ABs, the latter had an increased rate of chromosomal abnormalities (24.9%) compared with embryos (8.7%) (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the size of EVs from culture medium might be an alternative for evaluating competence of human embryos, however more studies are needed to validate the use of gDNA from EVs as an indicator of embryo competence.