bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electroencephalography-based functional brain network analysis according to lesion location and motor function in stroke patients
Authors: Kim Da-Hye , Kwon Gyu Hyun , Park Wanjoo , Kim Yun-Hee , Lee Seong-Whan , Kim Laehyun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background. While numerous studies have investigated changes in brain activation after stroke, limited information exists on the association between functional brain networks and lesion location in stroke patients. Methods. We compared the characteristics of brain networks among patients with cortico-subcortical lesions (n = 5), subcortical lesions (n = 7), and age-matched healthy controls (n = 12) during the execution of hand movements. Functional brain networks were analyzed based on network parameters in beta frequency electroencephalography (EEG) bands. Results. Our results indicated that while the healthy control group had appropriate compensatory patterns on the brain network with an aging effect, the two stroke lesion groups exhibited different hyper-connected characteristics in the brain network within the sensorimotor regions, particularly the contralesional M1, during motor execution. In addition, the betweenness centrality on the contralesional motor area was identified as a promising biomarker for motor functional ability associated with stroke. Our findings further allowed us to identify the characteristics of the stroke lesion that could not be found with EEG power by using the EEG brain network on the cerebral cortex. Conclusions. We anticipate that our study will improve the understanding of the complex changes that occur in the brain network as a result of stroke, and support the development of more effective and efficient rehabilitation programs based on lesion location for stroke patients.
In vitro and in vivo inhibition of xanthine oxidase by the flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.
Authors: Ng Teng Lit , Loh Khye Er , Tan Sheri-Ann Shu Wei , Tan Hui Yin , Wee Sze Ping 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Xanthine oxidase (XO) plays an important role in human’s purine degradation. Excessive uric acid formation results in hyperuricemia and gout. The study aimed to determine the XO inhibitory potential of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. dried flower and its effect on XO gene expression in animal models.Methods: In vitro XO inhibitory assay was employed to investigate the XO inhibitory potential of C. morifolium flowers. The bioactive sub-fraction was investigated further to give additional insight on its uric acid lowering potential via animal study and XO gene expression analysis. HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS was utilized to identify the putative compounds in the sub-fraction.Results: Among the fractions, EtOAc fraction exhibited the highest in vitro XO inhibitory potency (51.77 ± 0.98%; IC50 = 10.64 ± 0.51 µg/mL) and it was further fractionated into 15 sub-fractions through open column chromatography. EtOAc F7, F8, F9, F10, and F11 possessed >75% XO inhibition. F9 and F10 exhibited high in vitro XO inhibitory activity, cellular pro-proliferative effect and intracellular antioxidant activity among the sub-fractions tested. These two sub-fractions were also non-cytotoxic at the concentration range of 0.1 – 10 µg/mL. F10 was shown to be very effective in both serum and urine uric acid lowering properties in rats model upon oral consumption. It was subjected to further fractionation and a total of 11 sub-fractions were obtained. F10-4, F10-8, F10-9, and F10-10 possessed >90% XO inhibition. These sub-fractions were subjected to HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis. A total of nine known compounds have been identified and 26 unknown compounds were detected. Conclusions: The possible mechanisms contributed to the anti-hyperuricemic effect of F10 were suggested to be non-competitive inhibition of XO enzyme, XO gene expression down regulation, and enhancement of uric acid excretion. Structure elucidation of the unknown compounds and the evaluation of the XO inhibitory activity of a single or a mixture of these compounds are recommended to identify possible synergism between them.
Relationship between the correction angle in medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy and the postoperative state of patellofemoral cartilage
Authors: Choi Chong-Hyuk , Jung Min , Kim Sung-Hwan , Kim Sang-Hee , Yoon Tae-Hwan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate clinical and radiologic effects of medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) on the patellofemoral joint in relation to the correction angle by comparing changes in cartilage from before to after the surgery. Methods: A total of 124 MOWHTO cases were divided into the three groups of small, moderate, and large, depending on the correction angle. Clinical and radiologic outcomes were compared at the mean follow-up time of 38.8 months. Postoperative cartilage changes were assessed during implant removal completed at two years after MOWHTO. Results: There was no significant difference evident in most clinical outcomes measured, including Lysholm score and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome score subscales, with the exception of postoperative Shelbourne and Trumper score between the groups (P< 0.001). International Knee Documentation Committee scale value on radiologic evaluation did not significantly differ among the groups. A progression of cartilage degeneration was noted in 40.3% of femoral trochleas and 22.6% of patellas. Cartilage degeneration was significantly progressed in the large correction angle group versus in the other two groups. Regression analysis showed that the correction angle had a significant effect on cartilage deterioration (Trochela, P=0.009; Patella, P=0.034). Conclusion: Patellofemoral joint was more adversely affected by MOWHTO in conjunction with the requirement of a larger correction angle. Thus, cases necessitating considerable correction should be forewarned of patellofemoral joint symptoms within a relatively short time after the procedure. Keywords: medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral arthritis, correction angle
Identifying and prioritizing requirements for an e-platform to strengthen nursing in Kazakhstan A two-step research design including a literature review and a Delphi study
Authors: Dijkman Bea , Oosterhoff Alberta , Akanov Amangali , Paans Wolter 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper addresses the requirements for an e-platform that is to be developed to strengthen nursing in Kazakhstan. It aims to support knowledge sharing and collaboration in nursing education, research, and clinical practice. To construct the platform, a requirement analysis was conducted in a two-step design that included a literature review and a Delphi study. The aim of the review was to identify requirements for an e-platform for collaborative developments in nursing science and nursing research education. The aim of the Delphi study was to specifically prioritize these requirements for Kazakhstan.METHODS A literature search was accomplished using different electronic databases between February and April 2018 by applying search terms concerning nursing, e-platform, research, and education. Included studies should not be older than six years, written in English or Russian, involve nurses or nursing students, and address learning by e-platform. The Delphi study included two rounds of questionnaires containing input from the review and from other project activities. Rating occurred among a panel of experts from Kazakhstan, Finland, and the Netherlands. Outcomes were analysed applying content validity ratios and level of consensus thresholds.RESULTS The literature search generated eight studies. Data extraction and synthesis resulted in nine categories of requirements covered by four groups in the Delphi study. One group contains content-related requirements encompassing aim and users, platform structure, educational content, and nursing skills. Another group comprises functional requirements including communication, knowledge acquisition, and management. A third group refers to usability requirements, and the fourth group contains technical requirements. The Delphi study generated a list of 52 essential requirements and 15 useful requirements with a high level of consensus.CONCLUSION The input for the Delphi corresponded with the perceptions of experts concerning the needs of the e-platform to be developed. The list of requirements is well-embedded in the literature as well as in the national context of nursing in Kazakhstan and, therefore, will contribute to improving the trinity of nursing education, research, and practice. Although the list is context-specific, when validated by a panel of experts, it is considered to be applicable universally when developing e-platforms for nursing.
Predicting physiologic response to changes in positive end-expiratory pressure in mechanically ventilated children: a computable phenotype and machine learning approach
Authors: Smallwood Craig D , Gouldstone Andrew , Arnold John H 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is often increased to improve ventilation efficiency and gas exchange during pediatric mechanical ventilation. Although it is clinically important to optimize PEEP in this population, there is a paucity of literature to guide the clinician at the bedside. Increasingly, time-series physiologic data are available for mechanically ventilated subjects in the intensive care unit. However, these data have not been adequately explored in the literature. Therefore, we sought to apply time-series computable phenotyping on time-series physiologic data and develop a model to predict PEEP response in mechanically ventilated children. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of continuous data in a academic hospital multidisciplinary intensive care unit. Patients were elgible for inclusion in the study if they received mechanically ventilation for > 25 hours and were < 18 years of age. Time-series data from the patient monitor and mechanical ventilator were abstracted 1-hour preceding and 1-hour following a PEEP change. PEEP increase (PEEPincrease), a responderwas defined as anyone who exhibited an improved dead-space fraction (Vd/Vt); non-respondersdemonstrated a worsening Vd/Vtin the hour following the PEEP change. Features from continuous mechanical ventilation variables were extracted and used to train a support vector machine model in order to predict Vd/Vt response to changes in PEEP. The performance of the model was assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) and computing measures of diagnostic accuracy. Results In all, 393 PEEP change cases were included in the analysis in 83 subjects. A total of 27 computable phenotypes were identified and incorporated into the model. The AUROC was 0.82 and 0.90 for classifying response to PEEP increases and decreases respectively. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 0.75 for PEEP increases and 0.84 for PEEP decreases. Conclusions The model classified responders to increases and decreases in PEEP with reasonable accuracy. The model performed better for those cases when PEEP was decreases. In the future, these methods may play an important role in optimizing care of the mechanically ventilated pediatric patients, especially if they can be tailored to individual institutions.
Efficacy of DL-3 n-butylphthalide on psychiatric,behavioural and cognitive functions in delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning
Authors: Chen Yankun , Yang Lei , Li Hui , Zhang Hongdan , Wang Qiulan , Hu Bin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The main hazards of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning are its serious clinical effects,high incidence and mortality of toxicity.Acute brain injury and delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP) are the most common neurological complications.CO poisoning can cause neurological,psychiatric,behavioural and cognitive disorders,including cortical blindness,parkinsonism,amnesia,personality changes,dementia,and mental disorders such as anxiety and depression.This study was performed to assess the efficacy of DL-3 n-butylphthalide (NBP) and dexamethasone (DXM) and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on psychiatric,behavioural and cognitive functions in DEACMP.Patients and methods A total of 179 patients with DEACMP were recruited and assigned to the combined-therapy group(receiving NBP and DXM 5 mg/day plus HBO therapy) or the control group (HBO therapy as monotherapy).The behavioural and cognitive functions in patients were evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE),the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scale and the Barthel index of activities of daily living (ADL) after the treatment at 1 month,3 months,and 1 year respectively.The psychiatric changes in patients were evaluated by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) after the treatment at 3 months and 1 year respectively.Results At 1 month,3 months and 1 year after the treatment,the MMSE,MoCA and ADL scores were all significantly higher in the combined therapy group than those in the control group.At 3 months and 1 year after the treatment,the HAMA and HAMD scores were all significantly lower in the combined therapy group than those in the control group.There were no significant alterations in blood glucose,blood lipids,or liver or kidney function during the whole treatment session.Some patients experienced loss of appetite,mild headache and minor skin irritations.However,these patients recovered by themselves and needed no additional medications or special treatment. Conclusion These results indicated that NBP and DXM combined with HBO for the treatment of DEACMP can significantly improve the psychiatric,behavioural and cognitive functions of patients and is very safe.
Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of B. oleracea var. italica
Authors: Zhang Zhenchao , Dai Zhongliang , Yao Yuemei , Pan Yongfei , Sun Guosheng , Shan Xi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds: Broccoli (Brassica. oleracea var. italica L.) is known as one of the most nutritionally rich vegetables, as well as rich in functional components that benefit to health. The main purposes of this research were sequencing, assembling and annotation of chloroplast genome of broccoli based on Illumina HiSeq2500 sequencing platform. Results: The size of the broccoli cp genome is 153,364 bp, including two inverted repeat (IR) regions of 26,197 bp each, separated by a small single copy (SSC) region of 17,834 bp and a large single copy (LSC) region of 83,136 bp. The GC content of the complete genome is 36.36%, while those of SSC, LSC, and IR are 29.1%, 34.15% and 42.35%, respectively. It harbors 134 functional genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 39 tRNAs and 8 rRNAs, with 31 duplicates in the IRs. The most abundant amino acid in the protein-coding genes is leucine, while the least is cysteine. Codon usage frequency showed bias for A/T-ending codons in the cp genome. In the repeat structure analysis, a total of 34 repeat sequences and 291 simple sequence repeat (SSRs) were detected in the work. Although cp genomic structure and size are highly conserved, the SC-IR boundary regions are variable between the 7 cp genomes. The phylogenetic relationships based on complete cp genome from 9 species suggest that B. oleracea var. italica is closely related to Brassica juncea. Conclusions: The complete cp genome sequence was obtained and annotated for broccoli for the first time. The information acquired from this research will be useful for further species identification, population genetics and biological research of broccoli.
Cassiterite crystallization experiments in alkali carbonate aqueous solutions using a hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell
Authors: Liu Yongchao , Li Jiankang , Chou I-Ming 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Ore-forming fluids enriched in alkali carbonate are commonly observed in natural melt and fluid inclusions associated with tin mineralization, particularly in granitic pegmatite. However, the roles of alkali carbonates remain unclear. Hence, to investigate the roles of alkali carbonate, herein, cassiterite (SnO2) crystallization experiments in SnO2–Li2CO3–H2O and SnO2–Na2CO3–H2O systems were conducted using a hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell. The results showed that SnO2 could dissolve into the alkali carbonate aqueous solution during heating, and long prismatic cassiterite crystals grew during the subsequent cooling stage at average rates of 0.61 × 10–6 to 8.22 × 10–6 cm/s in length and 3.40–19.07 μm3/s in volume. The mole fraction of cassiterite crystallized from the SnO2–Li2CO3–H2O system ranges from 0.03 to 0.41 mol%, which depends on the Li2CO3 content dissolved in the aqueous solution. In situ Raman analysis of the alkali carbonate-rich aqueous solution in the sample chamber suggests that the dissolution of SnO2 can be attributed to the alkaline conditions produced by hydrolysis of alkali carbonate in which Sn(OH)62− may be a potential tin-transporting species. The cassiterite crystallization conditions obtained in our SnO2–alkali carbonate–H2O systems primarily fell within the 400–850 °C and 300–850 MPa temperature and pressure ranges, respectively; furthermore, cassiterite crystallization ended in rare metal pegmatite-forming conditions. These crystallization features of cassiterite are similar to those formed in tin-mineralized granitic pegmatites. It indicates that an alkali carbonate-rich aqueous solution or hydrous melt can work as a favorable transport medium for tin and provides the necessary conditions for cassiterite crystallization in granitic pegmatite, bearing the roles in decreasing the viscosity of hydrous melts and enhancing the solubility of SnO2 in ore-forming melts or fluids. These roles of alkali carbonate can also be extended for the mineralization of other rare metals (e.g., Li and Be) in granitic pegmatite.
Abiotic and biotic processes that drive carboxylation and decarboxylation reactions
Authors: Sheik Cody S. , Cleaves H. James , Johnson-Finn Kristin , Giovannelli Donato , Kieft Thomas L. , Papineau Dominic , Schrenk Matthew O. , Tumiati Simone 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Carboxylation and decarboxylation are two fundamental classes of reactions that impact the cycling of carbon in and on Earth’s crust. These reactions play important roles in both long-term (primarily abiotic) and short-term (primarily biotic) carbon cycling. Long-term cycling is important in the subsurface and at subduction zones where organic carbon is decomposed and outgassed or recycled back to the mantle. Short-term reactions are driven by biology and have the ability to rapidly convert CO2 to biomass and vice versa. For instance, carboxylation is a critical reaction in primary production and metabolic pathways like photosynthesis in which sunlight provides energy to drive carbon fixation, whereas decarboxylation is a critical reaction in metabolic pathways like respiration and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Early life and prebiotic chemistry on Earth likely relied heavily upon the abiotic synthesis of carboxylic acids. Over time, life has diversified (de)carboxylation reactions and incorporated them into many facets of cellular metabolism. Here we present a broad overview of the importance of carboxylation and decarboxylation reactions from both abiotic and biotic perspectives to highlight the importance of these reactions and compounds to planetary evolution.
Trabalho e educação: raízes da ontologia da educação da pedagogia histórico-crítica
Authors: Santos Adriana Regina de Jesus , Gonçalves Jose Alexandre 
Published: January 2020

Resumo A pretensão deste artigo é compreender as categorias analíticas de Luckacs como elementos para uma ontologia da educação. tendo como foco entender as ideais “lukácsianas” e sua relação com os escritos de Dermeval Savian. A metodologia utilizada tem como base a pesquisa bibliográfica. Ao término deste estudo constatamos que é por meio do entendimento da concepção ontológica do ser, que poderemos restabelecer os vínculos entre conhecimento e trabalho criativo.
A posição de docentes da educação básica acerca da militarização de escolas públicas em Goiás
Authors: Rêses Erlando Da Silva , De Paulo Weslei Garcia 
Published: January 2020

Este texto apresenta uma pesquisa num colégio estadual de Valparaíso-GO. Os colégios da polícia militar do Estado de Goiás atendem estudantes da Educação Básica e são fruto de uma parceira entre a secretaria de educação e a secretaria de segurança pública, iniciada em 1999 na cidade de Goiânia. Outras escolas de regiões periféricas e com alto índice de criminalidade receberam a implantação da militarização. O objetivo deste artigo foi saber a posição de docentes acerca deste modelo de gestão escolar por meio de uma enquete por questionário e os resultados apresentaram a aprovação do modelo.
PIBID CAPES-MEC e PIBID UFF-COLUNI – políticas públicas, história, trajetórias e marcas
Authors: Hardoim Roberta Lopes Alfradique , Chaves Iduina Mont'alverne Braun 
Published: January 2020

Este artigo apresenta o sentido da experiência do PIBID com a UFF e as suas contribuições para os professores, para a escola e para as licenciaturas. O estudo se fundamenta na Complexidade de Morin, nos estudos sociológicos de Maffesoli, nos antropológicos de Durand e na Pesquisa Narrativa de Chaves. As conclusões apontam para o potencial formativo do PIBID que não se restringe ao âmbito da formação inicial, alcançando também, a formação continuada, e para a contribuição de um processo de (auto/trans)formação que revitalizou e regenerou os modos de pensar, sentir e agir dos sujeitos envolvidos.
Evaluation of Fracture Resistance and Sites of Failure of Different Dowel Core Restorations: An In-Vitro Study
Authors: Guragain Manjeev , Mathema Suraj , Rokaya Dinesh 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Dowel Cores are often required in endodontically treated tooth to aid retention and resistance for a final prosthetic crown. Studies concerning the role of post-core systems on the fracture resistance with different dowel material remain controversial.

Aim:
This experimental study aimed to investigate the fracture resistance strength and failure mode of 3 dowel systems (glass fiber, indirect resin, and prefabricated metal with resin core).

Methods:
Twenty-one extracted human maxillary central incisors were first endodontically treated and then separated into 3 equal groups randomly;1st group consisted of glass fiber dowel, 2nd group consisted of indirect resin dowel, and 3rd group consisted of the prefabricated metal dowel. All specimens were restored with resin core and indirect resin crown. A testing force was applied with a universal testing machine (at 135 o angle) at 3 mm from the incisal edge of crown and forces were measured. Statistical tests were done using One-way ANOVA and Chi-square Test.

Results:
There was no significant difference (P-value >0.05) of the fracture resistance among glass fiber dowel, indirect resin dowel and pre-fabricated dowel with indirect resin crown. The prefabricated metal dowel had maximum fracture resistance (566 ±157.771 N) followed by Glass fiber dowel (541.047 ±199.571 N) and indirect resin dowel and post (444.550 ±139.788 N).

Conclusion:
Glass fiber dowel, indirect resin dowel and prefabricated metal dowel with resin core and indirect resin crown systems showed statistically insignificant fracture strength values and mode of failure.