bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
188 Challenges in Differentiating Between Obsession and Delusion in Schizophrenic Patients: A Case Report
Authors: Yen Po Yu , Zaidi Muhammad , Naqvi Syed 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:Schizophrenia is a serious, chronic mental illness that manifests a variety of symptoms: hallucinations, delusion of grandiose, disorganized behaviors, and neurocognitive decline after each episode. Among the patients with schizophrenia, obsessive- compulsive symptoms (OCS) or obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD) are two relatively common comorbidities (25% and 12.5%, respectively). The appearance of these comorbidities complicates patient management: selecting the suitable pharmacological treatment may be challenging as delusion and obsession have similar presentation in this population. We would like to present a case which we suggest that differentiation between obsession and delusion will result in a positive impact on disease management.Patient was a middle- aged male with history of Schizophrenia and status post skin grafting. He presented with delusions, auditory hallucinations and disorganized behavior. During his hospitalization, he spent much portion of a day slapping or hitting his wound. He would not follow staffs’ recommendations regarding wound care as he believed that his behavior would lead to diminishing his pain from skin grafting and shorten the recovery time. He was treated with psychotropic medications, anti-depressants aided with medication for pain. Despite adequate pain management, appropriate dosage of anti-depressants and psychotherapy his self- injurious behavior persisted throughout the course of his hospitalization.In this report, we presented the challenges in managing compulsive behavior in a patient with Schizophrenia. To date, OCD and OCS are diagnosed based on clinical presentations, which results in difficulty in patient management especially when the illness is complicated by Schizophrenia. Patient was accessed with Yale- Brown Obsessive- Compulsive Scale on multiple occasions which the results indicated that he had subclinical OCD. However, the validity of the test is questionable as it is a test for severity of OCD; If his compulsive behavior was due to delusion rather than obsession, YBOCS should not be applied since it is limited to the patients with OCD.We propose that there is a necessity of developing a diagnostic intervention that may aid the differentiation between delusion and obsession in Schizophrenic patients. Genetic testing, for example, may be one of the potential diagnostic interventions to utilize clinically: A recent study, “Serotonin system genes and obsessive- compulsive trait dimensions in a population- based, pediatric sample: a genetic association study” by Sinopoli et al, has demonstrated a possible correlation between obsessive- compulsive spectrum disorders and serotonin gene variants. Although genetic testing of OCD is at its early stages and many aspects are yet to be discovered, it is optimistic to believe that potential benefits of the genetic test is tremendous as it will provide physicians a clearer picture in designing a treatment plan for this patient population.
191 Lamotrigine Overdose with urine Toxicology Positive for Phencyclidine: A Case Report of Possible Cross-Reactivity
Authors: Kraut Jennifer , Dunn Norma , Swift Ronnie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:Introduction:False-positives can occur when a medication has a cross-reactivity with the immunoassay, often due to similarity in structure of the parent medication or one of its metabolites to the tested drug. The occurrence of false-positives is mostly affected by the type of immunoassay used and the particular agent being tested. We present a case of a 13 year old female who was status post overdose with lamotrigine with positive urine toxicology with PCP (Phencyclidine.)Case Report:Ms. A is a 13 year old female, with significant psychiatric history of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. She denied any psychoactive substances of abuse including PCP. Her history was collaborated by her mother. History revealed that patient was found unresponsive in bed with a suicide note and bottles at her bedside with 13 of 100mg pills of lamotrigine missing and 13 of 50mg pills sertraline. She was brought to pediatric emergency room by ambulance activated by her mother. On arrival to the hospital, the patient was not verbally responsive; she was responsive only to tactile stimuli. Her vital signs were within normal limits. Her urine toxicology was positive for PCP. Her Basic Metabolic Panel, Liver Function Test, and Complete Blood Count were within normal. She was stabilized after two days and was transferred to child and adolescent psychiatry unit for continued treatment. She was treated with Zoloft 100mg daily, Seroquel 150mg daily, and Valproic Acid of 750mg po total daily dose (blood level 68.1 μg/mL) with good effects on her impulse control and mood lability.Discussion:The literature describes that lamotrigine can cause false positive urine toxicology for PCP. In Our case report, our patient denied any history of substance abuse and it was known that she overdosed on lamotrigine. Although a repeat urine toxicology was not done because of patient refusal to cooperate at that time, the suspicion that the positive urine toxicology for PCP was most likely from medication cross reactivity in a patient who has no clinical history of PCP use.
Taking the German Muse out of Music:The Chronicleand US Musical Opinion in World War I
Authors: BOMBERGER E. DOUGLAS 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe case of conductor Karl Muck and the Boston Symphony Orchestra during World War I is notorious for its combination of nationalist patriotism and opposition to international influence on US concert organizations. Although it seemed on the surface to be a spontaneous uprising against a foreign musician who refused to play “The Star-Spangled Banner,” the public outcry against Muck was part of a larger campaign orchestrated by a shadowy propaganda magazine namedThe Chronicle, published in New York from March 1917 to November 1918. This journal was marketed to the United States’ wealthy elite and was available to subscribers by invitation only. By strategic publication of fake news stories and xenophobic opinion pieces, editor Richard Fletcher spread fear and suspicion through the most rarefied strata of US society. The journal was instrumental in blacklisting suspicious arts organizations and fomenting prejudice against enemy aliens. This article examines for the first time the role of this magazine in the banning of German-language operas at the Met, the internment of Muck, and the near-elimination of German repertoire from US orchestral programs.
North Pacific Gyre Oscillation Closely Associated With Spring Arctic Sea Ice Loss During 1998–2016
Authors: Yu Lejiang , Zhong Shiyuan , Vihma Timo , Sui Cuijuan , Qiu Yubao , Liang Xi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe relative importance of the factors contributing to Arctic spring sea ice decline remains an open question. Here we suggest a new major factor. In spring the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO) shows a significantly increasing trend during 1998–2016, in contrast to the insignificant trend of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index. Nearly 40% of Arctic springtime sea ice concentration trend is statistically related to the increase of the NPGO index but only 4% to the PDO trend. Through the destructive linear interference with climatological Aleutian low, the increasing NPGO index tends to weaken the upward propagation of planetary waves, which enhances the strength of the stratospheric Arctic vortex and the Arctic Oscillation (AO). The positive AO anomalies influence the surface wind field and temperature pattern anomalies, contributing to negative sea ice anomalies in the Arctic.
Control of Vent Geometry on the Fluid Dynamics of Volcanic Plumes: Insights From Numerical Simulations
Authors: Suzuki Y. J. , Costa A. , Koyaguchi T. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe present three‐dimensional numerical simulations of eruption clouds from circular to linear fissure vents to investigate the control of vent shape on the height and stability of volcanic plumes during large explosive eruptions. Our results show that clouds ejected from circular or low‐aspect‐ratio (nearly square‐like) fissure vents can be associated with radially suspended flow (RSF) at the top of the jet region, whereas those emitted from narrow‐fissure vents are not. Non‐RSF plumes are more stable than those associated with RSF because the highly concentrated parts of the ejected mixture are easily dissipated and mixed with air near the vent. Plume height in the RSF regime decreases while that in the non‐RSF regime increases with increasing aspect ratio, even for a fixed magma flow rate. These observations suggest that the efficiency of air entrainment is influenced by the vent shape, which in turn controls the dynamics of eruption plumes.
Rapid Characterization of Biomolecules’ Thermal Stability in a Segmented Flow-Through Optofluidic Microsystem
Authors: Fohlerova Zdenka , Zhu Hanliang , Hubalek Jaromir , Ni Sheng , Yobas Levent , Podesva Pavel , Otahal Alexandr , Neuzil Pavel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOptofluidic devices combining optics and microfluidics have recently attracted attention for biomolecular analysis due to their high detection sensitivity. Here, we show a silicon chip with tubular microchannels buried inside the substrate featuring temperature gradient (∇T) along the microchannel. We set up an optical fluorescence system consisting of a power-modulated laser light source of 470 nm coupled to the microchannel serving as a light guide via optical fiber. Fluorescence was detected on the other side of the microchannel using a photomultiplier tube connected to an optical fiber via a fluorescein isothiocyanate filter. The PMT output was connected to a lock-in amplifier for signal processing. We performed a melting curve analysis of a short dsDNA – SYBR Green I complex with a known melting temperature (TM) in a flow-through configuration without gradient to verify the functionality of the proposed detection system. We then used the segmented flow configuration and measured the fluorescence amplitude of a droplet exposed to ∇T of ≈ 2.31 °C mm−1, determining the heat transfer time as ≈ 554 ms. The proposed platform can be used as a fast and cost-effective system for performing either MCA of dsDNAs or for measuring protein unfolding for drug-screening applications.
Scope for non-crop plants to promote conservation biological control of crop pests and serve as sources of botanical insecticides
Authors: Amoabeng B. W. , Stevenson P. C. , Mochiah B. M. , Asare K. P. , Gurr G. M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBesides providing food and shelter to natural enemies of crop pests, plants used in conservation biological control interventions potentially provide additional ecosystem services including providing botanical insecticides. Here we concurrently tested the strength of these two services from six non-crop plants in managing cabbage pests in Ghana over three successive field seasons. Crop margin plantings of Ageratum conyzoides, Tridax procumbens, Crotalaria juncea, Cymbopogon citratus, Lantana camara and Talinum triangulare were compared with a bare earth control in a three-way split plot design such that the crop in each plot was sprayed with either a 10% (w/v) aqueous extract from the border plant species, a negative control (water) and a positive control (emamectin benzoate ‘Attack’ insecticide). Pests were significantly less numerous in all unsprayed treatments with non-crop plant margins and in corresponding sprayed treatments (with botanical or synthetic insecticide positive control) while treatments with bare earth margin or sprayed with water (negative controls) had the highest pest densities. Numbers of predators were significantly depressed by synthetic insecticide but higher in other treatments whether unsprayed or sprayed with botanical insecticide. We conclude that some plant species have utility in both conservation biological control and as source of botanical insecticides that are relatively benign to natural enemies. In this crop system, however, the additional cost associated with using botanical insecticides was not justified by greater levels of pest suppression than achieved from border plants alone.
A simple method based on confocal microscopy and thick sections recognizes seven subphases in growth plate chondrocytes
Authors: Fernández-Iglesias Ángela , Fuente Rocío , Gil-Peña Helena , Alonso-Duran Laura , García-Bengoa María , Santos Fernando , López José M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis manuscript reports a novel procedure to imaging growth plate chondrocytes by using confocal microscopy. The method is based on fixed undecalcified bone samples, in-block staining with eosin, epoxy resin embedding and grinding to obtain thick sections. It is simple, inexpensive and provides three-dimensional images of entire chondrocytes inside their native lacunae. Quantitative analysis of volume, shape and cytoplasm density of chondrocytes at different strata of the growth plate allowed to objectively grade chondrocytes of the growth plate in seven different clusters. These seven categories of chondrocytes were subsequently evaluated by immunohistochemistry of some well-defined molecular landmarks of chondrocyte differentiation. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis of proteins responsible for ionic changes and water transport allowing chondrocyte swelling during hypertrophy was also performed. Results obtained indicate that four subphases can be defined in the pre-hypertrophic zone and three subphases in the hypertrophic zone, a fact that raises that chondrocytes of the growth plate are less homogeneous than usually considered when different zones are defined according to subjective cell morphological criteria. Results in the present study provide a technological innovation and gives new insights into the complexity of the process of chondrocyte differentiation in the growth plate.
Continuity of chronic predation risk determines changes in prey physiology
Authors: Jermacz Łukasz , Kletkiewicz Hanna , Nowakowska Anna , Dzierżyńska-Białończyk Anna , Klimiuk Maciej , Kobak Jarosław 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPrey reconfigure their physiology to avoid costs of prolonged predator pressure. However, these changes might not occur under periodic predation risk, with repeating acute phases. To test the effect of predation risk continuity on changes in prey physiology, we exposed amphipods: Dikerogammarus villosus and Gammarus jazdzewskii to periodic and constant predation cue. After one week, we measured: cellular defence systems: total antioxidant status (TAS), heat shock proteins (Hsp70); intracellular damage marker: lipid peroxidation (TBARS); condition index: glycogen concentration. Predator presence reduced TAS level in G. jazdzewskii independent of its continuity and in D. villosus after periodic exposure. Amphipods showed downregulation of Hsp70 when exposed to periodic (D. villosus) or constant (G. jazdzewskii) predation risk. Exposure to predators reduced TBARS level in D. villosus (irrespective of the continuity) and G. jazdzewskii (periodic exposure). Glycogen concentration in both species was not affected by predator presence. Thus, the continuity of the predator cue shaped prey physiology reconfiguration, optimizing costs of physiological adjustments under challenging conditions. Nevertheless, the lack of negative consequences of the prolonged exposure to the predator cue, whether constant or periodic, shows that amphipods can thrive under chronic predation risk, which is a constant part of the wild environment.
Schwieriges Leben bei kosmetischen Komplikationen in der Praxis
Authors: Catalano Elena , Ammann-Rauch Dagmar 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Bei zunehmender Anzahl an minimalinvasiven kosmetischen Prozeduren nehmen auch die Komplikationen zu, die in einer allgemeinophthalmologischen Praxis zu sehen sind.
Patienten und Methode Anhand von 4 Beispielen seit der ersten Begegnung an unserer Klinik vor 9 Jahren und heute möchten wir die Aufmerksamkeit für die Migration und Persistenz von Hyaluronfillern wecken.
Therapie und Verlauf Bei allen Fällen wirkte die Injektion von Hyaluronidase in die geschwollenen Lider, selbst viele Jahre nach Fillerinjektion und jahrelangem Ödem.
Schlussfolgerungen Jeder Ophthalmologe sollte diese Komplikation von Fillerinjektionen kennen, um den Patienten aufwendige, langwierige und teure Abklärungen zu ersparen und hingegen die wirksame, einfache und billige Therapie mit Hyaluronidase vorzuschlagen.
Schmerzhafte Bulbusluxation
Authors: Binder Anastasia Verena , Chaloupka Karla 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Schmerzhafte Bulbusluxationen mit Inkarzerationen der Augenlider hinter dem Bulbus können spontan auftreten. Es ist wichtig, diesen raren und in der Literatur selten beschriebenen Prozess zu erkennen und die dazu führende Ätiologie zu diagnostizieren, um wiederholte Episoden mit möglichen schwerwiegenden Komplikationen wie Optikusneuropathien zu verhindern.
Anamnese und Symptome Wir stellen 2 Patienten vor (54- und 83-jährig, beide männlich) mit rezidivierender schmerzhafter Lidinkarzeration. Beim 54-jährigen Patienten ist diese im Rahmen eines bekannten Exophthalmus bei langjähriger endokriner Orbitopathie aufgetreten. Beim 83-jährigen Patienten lag ursächlich ein Floppy-Eyelid-Syndrom zugrunde.
Therapie und Ergebnisse In beiden Fällen erfolgte eine laterale Tarsorrhaphie, wodurch weitere Bulbusluxationen mit Inkarzeration der Lider und deren Folgen verhindert werden konnten.
Schlussfolgerung Bulbusluxationen durch passagere Inkarzeration der Augenlider treten selten auf und werden oft erst spät diagnostiziert, können jedoch mit schwerwiegenden Folgen einhergehen und müssen daher zeitnah erkannt und behandelt werden.
Hindbrain Herniation and Banana and Lemon Sign After Open Fetal Myelomeningocele Repair – When Do These Signs Disappear and is Shunting Predictable?
Authors: Vonzun Ladina , Winder Franziska Maria , Meuli Martin , Moehrlen Ueli , Mazzone Luca , Kraehenmann Franziska , Huesler Margaret , Zimmermann Roland , Ochsenbein-Kölble Nicole 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose The aim was to describe the sonographic follow-up of hindbrain herniation (HH), the banana and lemon sign after fetal myelomeningocele (fMMC) repair, and the time of disappearance of these signs after the intervention, and to investigate any predictive value for the necessity of shunting during the infant’s first year of life. Additionally, the sonographic evolution of the transcerebellar diameter (TCD) before and after fetal intervention was assessed.
Patients and Methods The first 50 patients that underwent fMMC repair at Zurich Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy (www.swissfetus.ch) were included in this study. Sonographic scans performed weekly after fMMC repair focusing on HH and banana and lemon signs were analyzed and compared between the shunted and the non-shunted group. ROC curves were generated for the time intervals of resolution of the signs in order to show their predictive accuracy for the need for shunting until 1 year of age.
Results HH resolved in 48 fetuses (96 %) before delivery. The sonographic disappearance of HH within the first two weeks after fMMC repair was associated with a significantly lower incidence of shunt placement (OR 0.19; 95 % CI 0.4–0.9) during the first year of life (p = 0.03). All fetuses with persistent HH before delivery received a shunt. TCD growth was observed in all fetuses.
Conclusion The reversibility of HH within two weeks after fMMC repair is associated with an 80 % lower incidence of shunt placement during the infant’s first year of life. Moreover, it allows the cerebellum to grow and to normalize its configuration.
Die Therapie der chronischen metabolischen Azidose im diabetologischen Umfeld
Authors: Geiger Helmut , Kaiser Marcel , Rudolf Sarah , Büttner Stefan 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die chronische metabolischen Azidose (cmA) ist eine häufige Komplikation bei chronischer Niereninsuffizienz, deren Behandlung bei niereninsuffizienten Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus die Insulinresistenz verbessern kann. Um die aktuelle Therapiesituation der cmA im diabetologischen Umfeld abzubilden und mehr über die Zusammenarbeit von Diabetologen und Nephrologen zu erfahren, wurden diabetologisch tätige Haus- und Fachärzte zur cmA befragt.
Methoden An 5863 Ärzten mit diabetologischer Zusatzqualifikation wurde postalisch ein Fragebogen versandt. Alle 97 erhaltenen Antwortbögen wurden deskriptiv ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Die meisten Teilnehmer sind Internisten mit diabetologischer Zusatzqualifikation (46 %) und behandeln im Median 50 (10; 112) Patienten mit Typ-1-Diabetes bzw. 210 (100; 450) Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes pro Quartal. Eine cmA wurde von 12 % der Teilnehmer in den letzten 12 Monaten bei median 4 (2; 6) Patienten mit Typ-1-Diabetes und 10 (3; 30) Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes beobachtet. Die cmA wird überwiegend durch Bestimmung des Serum-Bikarbonats (27; 28 %) und des Base Excess (19; 20 %) diagnostiziert. 38 (39 %) der Teilnehmer erhalten regelmäßig von Nephrologen die Empfehlung zur Behandlung der cmA. Sie wird von knapp 1 Drittel als relevant (29 %) und gut umsetzbar (27 %) betrachtet. Zur Behandlung der cmA wird vor allem orales Bikarbonat empfohlen (Bikarbonat: 39 %, Zitrat: 5 %, sonst: keine Angabe). Maßnahmen, die die Mehrheit der Diabetologen in der Verantwortung der Nephrologen sehen, sind ergänzende Diagnostik (87; 90 %) einschließlich Blutgasanalyse (59 %) sowie die Behandlung der cmA (62 %) und renalen Anämie (53 %). 34 % der Diabetologen gaben an, bisher noch keine cmA-Fälle in der Praxis behandelt zu haben. Die meisten Diabetologen überlassen die Behandlung und Überwachung der cmA dem Nephrologen (38 %). Dabei wird die Zusammenarbeit mit den Nephrologen als zufriedenstellend (81 %) bewertet. 38 % der Befragten haben in der täglichen Praxis beobachtet, dass die Einstellung der cmA auch die Insulinresistenz positiv beeinflusst. Eine CME-Fortbildung in der Diabetologie speziell zur cmA würden 76 (78 %) begrüßen.
Diskussion Bei der Behandlung der cmA wird die Kooperation zwischen Diabetologen und Nephrologen generell gut bewertet, wobei die Diagnose, Behandlung und Überwachung einer cmA in der Verantwortung des Nephrologen gesehen werden. Da die Behandlung der cmA die Insulinresistenz verringern kann, sollte der Stellenwert der cmA-Therapie im diabetologischen Umfeld nicht unterschätzt werden. Um die cmA-Behandlung bei diabetischer Nephropathie zu optimieren, wären CME-Fortbildungen zur cmA geeignet. Zudem könnten Schulungen im Rahmen einer interdisziplinären Kooperation mit Diätberatern die Umsetzbarkeit diätetischer Interventionen zur Behandlung der cmA verbessern.