bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conservation status of fish and marine invertebrate of rocky reefs and sandy substrates in two unprotected bays of the Papagayo Gulf, Costa Rica
Authors: Cordero Umaña Keilor Enrique , Santidrián Tomillo Pilár 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: North Pacific Costa Rica is generally considered rich in marine habitats and species. However, some areas are subject to fishing pressures that could degrade ecosystems. The Gulf of Papagayo comprises protected and unprotected areas with various degrees of impact. Objectives: Our aim was to evaluate the conservation status of fish and invertebrate communities in rocky reefs and sandy areas in two unprotected bays of the Gulf of Papagayo. Methods: The study was conducted at Cabuyal and Zapotillal Bays, south of Santa Rosa National Park. From December 2017 to April 2018, a total of thirty-five transects were done parallel to the coast at 3-10 m depth. We identified fish and invertebrate species and estimated biomass by trophic group in fish, and density in invertebrates. Results: We found a high number of species of fish (81) and invertebrates (70) in rocky reefs, which indicates a biodiverse ecosystem, but few species of fish in sandy areas. Species composition differed between the two bays. Density of juvenile fishes was high in Zapotillal Bay, suggesting that the area could be important for recruitment and breeding. Fish biomass was higher in sandy areas than in rocky reefs and all trophic groups had lower biomass than in other unprotected areas of the region. On average, reef fish biomass was 1.57 ± 0.67 (s.e.) t ha-1, similar to previous reports for Costa Rican North Pacific. By trophic group, piscivorous and planktivorous had the highest biomass in sandy areas and piscivorous and carnivorous in rocky reefs. Mean coral cover was low with 4.09 % ± 2.51 (s.e.), similar to previously reported for the region. Conclusions: Cabuyal and Zapotillal Bays in the Gulf of Papagayo are biodiverse in fish and invertebrates. However, the area may be impacted by local fisheries and other human activities, affecting fish and invertebrate populations, and coral formations. Our study fills some gaps in knowledge of marine biodiversity in the Gulf of Papagayo that can contribute to the conservation of marine life in North Pacific Costa Rica.
Redescription of the snake Lachesis melanocephala (Squamata: Viperidae): Designation of a neotype, natural history, and conservation status
Authors: Solórzano Alejandro , Sasa Mahmood 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The Black-headed Bushmaster (Lachesis melanocephala) is a large venomous snake that inhabits tropical moist forest, wet forest, montane and premontane wet forest in Southwestern Costa Rica and extreme Western Panama. Objective: We assign a neotype for the species due to the loss of the original holotype and update the information on its geographical distribution, natural history, and conservation status. Methods: To determine the conservation status of L. melanocephala, we modeled its potential distribution using the species` locality records and distribution modeling analysis implemented in MaxEnt. Based on the species’ potential distribution, we evaluate the loss of its original habitat and estimate the percentage of its distribution area that is currently protected by the country’s protected area system. Results: The potential distribution of the species was estimated at 10 139 km2, including areas where the species currently occurs and historical areas where the species has been registered but is nowadays considered locally extinct. About 29 % of that potential distribution overlaps with protected wild areas, so less than a third of the potential distribution of the species is under protection. Conclusions: During the last decade, accelerated habitat loss and growing evidence of declining natural populations indicate the need for urgent protective measures to prevent the extinction of this species in the foreseeable future.
Rugged nanoparticle tracers for mass tracking in explosive events
Authors: Hubbard Lance , Sumner Ryan , Liezers Martin , Cell Trevor , Reed Clara , Uhnak Nicolas , Allen Caleb , Berry Brittney , Currah Hugh , Fuller Erin , Kinney Erin , Smith Nathaniel , Foxe Michael , Carman April 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTracing the flow of solid matter during an explosion requires a rugged tag that can be measured by a unique identifiable signature. Silica-covered semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) provide a unique and tunable photoluminescent signature that emits from within a sacrificial outer layer. Five types of silica-covered zinc sulfide QDs were synthesized and covalently bound to commercial luminescent powders. The combination of five dots and five powders enables a matrix of 25 unique tags. The tracers are shown to be tolerant of environments associated with chemical explosives and provides a unique tag to evaluate debris fields.
Colombia y México: un abordaje desde el Convenio para Evitar la Doble Imposición
Authors: Villasmil-Molero Milagros 
Published: October 2020

Este trabajo se centró en revisar el Convenio para Evitar la Doble Imposición entre Colombia y México, con el fin de analizar aspectos fundamentales del Convenio recurriendo a la normativa vigente y textos auxiliares para la comprensión de los puntos que se describen en el mismo. Se realizó este estudio bajo una metodología de diseño cualitativo y tipo revisión documental y hermenéutico, en la cual se estudiaron 60 documentos (artículos, libros, sitios web y normativa) que permitieron conocer aspectos relacionados con la relación bilateral entre Colombia y México, así como también entender de manera general las implicaciones de los Convenios para evitar la doble imposición, su finalidad y tipos, para luego abordar el Convenio para Evitar la Doble Imposición entre Colombia y México. Como resultado de esto fue posible conocer en qué se basa la doble tributación, la manera en que los convenios mitigan una decisión de inversión extranjera y los beneficios que trae consigo el Convenio para residentes y/o comerciantes residentes, ya sea en México o en Colombia. Es notoria además la intención tanto de México como de Colombia de establecer este tipo de Convenios con países de todo mundo para obtener beneficios en materia tributaria.
Este trabajo se centró en revisar el Convenio para Evitar la Doble Imposición entre Colombia y México, con el fin de analizar aspectos fundamentales del Convenio recurriendo a la normativa vigente y textos auxiliares para la comprensión de los puntos que se describen en el mismo. Se realizó este estudio bajo una metodología de diseño cualitativo y tipo revisión documental y hermenéutico, en la cual se estudiaron 60 documentos (artículos, libros, sitios web y normativa) que permitieron conocer aspectos relacionados con la relación bilateral entre Colombia y México, así como también entender de manera general las implicaciones de los Convenios para evitar la doble imposición, su finalidad y tipos, para luego abordar el Convenio para Evitar la Doble Imposición entre Colombia y México. Como resultado de esto fue posible conocer en qué se basa la doble tributación, la manera en que los convenios mitigan una decisión de inversión extranjera y los beneficios que trae consigo el Convenio para residentes y/o comerciantes residentes, ya sea en México o en Colombia. Es notoria además la intención tanto de México como de Colombia de establecer este tipo de Convenios con países de todo mundo para obtener beneficios en materia tributaria.
Fatores Associados à Adoção de Práticas de Gestão Financeira por Produtores Rurais do Triângulo Mineiro
Authors: Frances Silva Altieres , Malaquias Rodrigo Fernandes 
Published: October 2020

Objetivo do trabalho: Identificar características associadas à adoção de práticas de gestão financeira por produtores rurais do Triângulo Mineiro.

Método: Aplicou-se questionários a 113 produtores rurais de 20 cidades do Triângulo Mineiro. O teste das hipóteses foi realizado a partir da análise de regressão multivariada. Após a obtenção dos resultados, testes adicionais, que abrangeram a utilização de variáveis de interação e a análise fatorial, foram realizados para verificar a robustez do modelo.

Resultados e contribuições do artigo: Identificou-se por meio deste estudo que a idade do produtor, o conhecimento dos custos de produção, a participação em treinamento sobre gestão financeira e a percepção sobre a relevância da gestão financeira são fatores relacionados à adoção de práticas relacionadas a esta. As possíveis contribuições deste estudo residem na compreensão das características gerenciais de produtores rurais de uma importante região do agronegócio brasileiro, além de revelar informações que podem subsidiar estratégias do poder público, sindicatos rurais, cooperativas rurais, instituições financeiras e demais interessados no aperfeiçoamento da gestão rural.
Objetivos e Desempenho da Cooperação Interfirmas Efeitos das Práticas de Gestão da Cooperação e do Escopo de Transação
Authors: Nolli Jessica Giovana , Beuren Ilse Maria 
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Este estudo analisa o efeito das práticas de gestão da cooperação e do escopo de transação na relação entre os objetivos da cooperação e o desempenho da cooperação em empresas da indústria têxtil.
Método: Uma survey foi realizada em empresas da indústria têxtil brasileira, tendo como amostra os 93 gestores respondentes da pesquisa. Para análise das hipóteses aplicou-se a técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais.
Resultados: Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que os respondentes avaliaram a cooperação como estrategicamente importante. Porém, para alcançar os objetivos pretendidos com a aliança estratégica é necessário que as práticas de gestão da cooperação e o escopo de transação estejam alinhados. A relevância estratégica da cooperação impactou positivamente no desempenho da cooperação, quando associada ao compartilhamento de informações, à interação entre os parceiros e às atividades desenvolvidas entre os parceiros da cooperação.
Contribuições: O estudo contribui para a literatura e a prática das empresas ao associar construtos da cooperação voltados à estratégia para a competitividade com o desempenho da cooperação interfirmas. Os resultados revelaram que quanto maior a interação dos envolvidos, o compartilhamento de informações e as atividades desenvolvidas na cooperação interfirmas, maior será a associação entre os objetivos e o desempenho da cooperação.
Efecto de la aplicación foliar suplementaria de calcio sobre la producción de melón (Cucumis melo L.)
Authors: Monge-Pérez José Eladio , Loría-Coto Michelle 
Published: October 2020

Se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación foliar suplementaria de calcio, sobre la producción de melón Amarillo cv. Natal F-1, en Lepanto, Puntarenas. Los tratamientos evaluados fueron: JMX-Ca (4,22 kg CaO/ha), JMX-Ca (2,41 kg CaO/ha), Manvert-Ca (4,22 kg CaO/ha), y un testigo (agua). La cosecha inició a los 58 días después del trasplante (ddt) para todos los tratamientos. Los datos muestran una importante variabilidad entre los tratamientos en cuanto al número de frutos exportables por metro lineal (1,79 – 2,06), rendimiento exportable (13638 – 16126 kg/ha), producción exportable (1318 – 1556 cajas/ha), peso promedio del fruto (1364,3 – 1433,0 g), porcentaje de sólidos solubles totales (10,90 – 11,88 °Brix), firmeza de la pulpa del fruto (26,94 – 28,38 N), severidad máxima de mildiú velloso (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) a los 50 ddt (3,83 – 4,17; escala 1-5), e incidencia de colapso de la planta a los 58 ddt (0 – 1,85 %). Solamente se presentaron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos para el porcentaje de sólidos solubles totales; el tratamiento de JMX-Ca a 4,22 kg CaO/ha obtuvo un mayor valor para esta característica (11,88 °Brix) en comparación a JMX-Ca a 2,41 kg CaO/ha y a Manvert-Ca a 4,22 kg CaO/ha (entre 10,90 y 11,15 °Brix), pero no fue diferente del testigo (11,45 °Brix). Se concluye que, bajo las condiciones en que se desarrolló el ensayo, no se justifica económicamente la aplicación foliar suplementaria de calcio.
Evaluation of agro-industrial residues produced in Costa Rica for a low-cost culture medium using Bacillus subtilis 168
Authors: Miranda-Durán Sofía , Porras-Reyes Luis , Schmidt-Durán Alexander 
Published: October 2020

Agro-industrial residues correspond to all the materials generated from activities that involve the transformation of both crops and livestock to obtain processed or semi-finished products. In Costa Rica, the primary sector of economy generates more than 6.3 trillion tons of organic residues per year. The daily generation of this residues pose environmental and economic problems. In recent years, biotechnological-based alternatives have emerged with the purpose of taking advantage of the high nutritional content of these residues to cultivate microorganisms capable of producing compounds with high demand at a commercial level. The present study evaluates six agro-industrial residues produced in Costa Rica, in order to growth Bacillus subtilis 168. An optimization of the culture medium was carried out under a complete factorial design 23, where the variables evaluated were carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus sources. Molasses at 10% m/v, wheat bran at 0.5% m/v, and K2HPO4 at 0.01%, as a carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus sources, respectively, were identified as optimal for the growth of Bacillus subtilis 168.
Perilaku Konsumsi Komunitas Pengajian Al-Ikhlas Rungkut Surabaya
Authors: Sophia Elsha , Nafik HR Muhammad 
Published: October 2020

The main purpose of these research is to get the information about recitation's affection on the consumption behavior of Al-Ikhlas Rungkut Surabaya recitation community.This research use qualitative case study explanatory method. Data collection was done by interviewing, observating, and documentating on the Al-Ikhlas Rungkut Surabaya recitation community.The result obtained is recitation activity have an impact on consumption behavior undertaken by the majority of Al-Ikhlas Rungkut Surabaya recitation community with giving more attention to the appropriate Islamic consumption behavior, namely: 1) Halal and thayyib, 2) Not improvident and extravagant, and 3) balancing the consumption in the world and afterlife. Some members can be said to be improvident and extravagant because of their excessive consumption of goods and use the goods not according to their function, and eventually became redundant. It happens because they can not control their desire really well, although it does not harm them. Then, the behavior of consumption in order to fulfill the dharuriyyat, hajiyyat, and tahsiniyyat for the sake of religion, life, intelligence, descent, and property's maintenance have also been able to reach and fulfilled in a good way even though it is not perfect.
Implementasi Pemahaman Konsumsi Islam Pada Perilaku Konsumsi Konsumen Muslim
Authors: Alkautsar Zulfikar , Hapsari Meri Indri 
Published: October 2020

People does consumption to fulfill their needs in order to keeping their life. There are guidelines in Islam telling how a Moslem is supposed to consumed. A Moslem needs a comprehensive understanding about Islamic consumption in order to adjust their consuming behaviour with Islamic syaria. The understanding causes an implication of Moslem consumer behaviour in daily life.This research uses case study method with descripive qualitative approach. Author uses interview for primary data collection in this research. The scope of this research is limited in student of Islamic Economics of Economics and Business Faculty of Airlangga University and answer how to implement Islamic consumption understanding in Moslem consumption behavior.The result of this research shows there are four elements of Islamic consumption which is used as a guideline for moslem while they do consumption, ie: halal products consumption, avoiding excessive consumption (israf), paying zakat, infaq, and charity, and making needs priority. The informen confess that there is a difference in their consuming behaviour beforeand after knowing the Islamic consumption theory.
Kemampuan Unit Usaha Yayasan Nurul Hayat Dalam Menunjang Biaya Operasioanal Lembaga Amil Zakat
Authors: Nastiti Novalia , Mawardi Imron 
Published: October 2020

Amil zaka in zaka institutions has the right as one of eight ashnaf. Their rights are usually used by zaka institutions as operational cost. However, not all of the intitutions which manage zaka take amil’s right, one of them is Yayasan Nurul Hayat. This institution does not take amil’s right and it is independent in its operational cost. To support this operational cost, Yayasan Nurul Hayat establish business unit with utilize its profit.This study aimed to discover the capability of business unit in supporting operational cost of Yayasan Nurul Hayat. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive case study method. The selections of informant are using purposive sampling method. Data collection was conducted by semi-structured interviews and documentation. This data is analyzed using descriptive method.The result of this study shows that Yayasan Nurul Hayat Employments’ Salary is taken from business unit’s profit. It is also used to give bonus for employments and grow the business unit of Yayasan Nurul Hayat up. From the result of this study, it can be concluded that the business unit which is developed has great capability to support operational cost of Yayasan Nurul Hayat.
Perbedaan Pembiayaan Model Bagi Hasil dan Non Bagi Hasil Terhadap Profitabilitas dan Resiko (Studi Kasus BMT Amanah Ummah)
Authors: Agustha Ilham Nur , Mawardi Imron 
Published: October 2020

This research is conducted to identify the relationship between profit sharing financing, non-profit-sharing, risk, and profitability of the BaitulMaalwatanwil. While the purpose of this study was conducted to determine the difference between the two financing available in BMT Amanah Ummah Karah Surabaya branch (profit sharing and non-sharing).The method used in this study is qualitative approach, using the case study method. The collection of the data done by linking the questions asked, the data collected with the conclusions drawn from interviews with secretaries and marketing lending at headquarter of BMT Amanah Ummah Karah Surabaya branch.The results showed that non-profit-sharing financing have a higher level of profitability than the profit sharing financing. Meanwhile, from the level of risk, profit sharing financing have a higher degree of risk compare to non-profit sharing financing.
Pemahaman Etika Berdagang Pada Pedagang Muslim Pasar Wonokromo Surabaya (Studi Kasus Pedagang Buah)
Authors: Azizaturrohmah Siti Nur , Mawardi Imron 
Published: October 2020

Trading is a job that is highly recommended in Islam, because the Prophet and the companions also a traders. So it should as a good Muslim in performing daily activities in accordance with the guidance of the Prophet in order to be successful the world and the hereafter included in trade. Ethics of trade was good manners and behavior in the trade so the customers were satisfied.This study aims to determine the understanding of ethical trade in the Muslim traders Wonokromo Market Surabaya. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive case study method. Determination of informants using purposive sampling technique. Data collected by means of semi-structured interviews and documentation. Data analysis using descriptive analytical model.The results of this study indicate that generally Muslim traders Wonokromo Markets have understood the ethical trade based on the principle of unity, equilibrium, free will, responsibility and truth in a way that is honest and good trade (do not cheat), provide information to the customer in accordance with reality, appropriately weigh, not hold a fake offers, do not tucking rotten fruit into a nice fruit, and helping others among fellow traders nor traders with collector.
Pendapat Stakeholder Tentang Kesyariahan Produk-Produk Financial Derivative
Authors: Kurniawan Doni , Laila Nisful 
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is Knowing and explaining how comments from stakeholders regarding sharia product of derivatives markets and how the mechanism, as well as to Knowing whether the derivatives market activity is growing rapidly both to the individuals who are involved in it and outside it can arouse the hearts of the people of the opinion sharia and their impact on the Indonesian economy system orderThis study used qualitative methods, dhelpimethod , namely by conducting interviews to stakeholders consisting of practitioners , academics , expert in jurisprudence , and representatives from the community . Supporting data obtained from the articles on the derivatives market , a book about the derivatives market , the internet , journals , and relevant parties in the field. Results from this study is that of the third -party stakeholders , consisting of, practitioners , academics , and jurists , found in derivative transactions may be declared, and the opinion of the academics that derivative transactions including greetings “Maghrib” ( maiysir , gharar , riba ' )
Reaksi Pasar Atas Penerbitan Sukuk (Studi Pada Emiten Saham Penerbit Sukuk Periode 2008-2012)
Authors: Fatimatuzzahra Vita , Herlambang Leo 
Published: October 2020

Issuance of Sukûk’s corporation, it can be an opportunity for many companies to become proponent necessity for funding and business expansion. Sukûk publication announcement is an information for investors in order to assess it based on their investment decisions. In order to get the investment decisions, investors often based on the signals that had been given by the company. That signal can caused the changes of demand and supply’s shares. This study aims to find out the reaction of the stock from the Sukûk publication as indicated by the presence of abnormal returns around the date of publication and the Trading Volume Activity (TVA) difference which is occured before and after Sukûk publication.This study uses event study approach, it carries out on 11 issuer stock of Sukûk publisher which is listing in Indonesia Stock Exchange period : 2008-2012. This study also uses observation period for 81 days, they are t - 10 (70 days before publication), t - 0 (event date) and t +10 (10 days after publication). The hypothesis calibration of this thesis uses a one sample t - test and paired t - test.The results of this study is based on a statistical test with a significance level (α) = 5 %resulted AAR which was in a significantly positive on t - 2 at 0.03711 and significantly negativeat t +9 of 0.03. In contrast with TVA, the statistic results showed probability value of 0.026,which means there is a significant different of trading volume activity before and after ofSukûk publication. The lack of information about Sukûk also caused there is significant AARreaction only in some poriods of observation and significant negative TVA .