bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Family Planning and Associated Factors among Reproductive Age Women with Disability in Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia.
Authors: Mesfin Yibeltal , Gebremeskel Feleke , Estifanous Wubshet , Gizachew Yordanos , Jemal Seid , Atnafu Natnael , Nuriye Keyredin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction globally, one type of contraceptive was used by around 63 percent of women. Women with disabilities account for 10 percent of all women and make up three-quarters of the disabled people in low and middle-income countries. Objective to assess utilization of family planning and associated factors among reproductive-age women with disability group in Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia from 1st March to April 15, 2019. Methods community-based cross-sectional study with simple random sampling was used to select 4l8 reproductive age women with disabilities. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and interview by eight trained females who completed grade twelve two of which communicate by speaking and sign language. Data were entered using Epi info 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. A statically significant variable in the final model was declared by AOR, 95%CI and p-value <0.05. Result in the current study family planning utilization among all reproductive-age women with disabilities was 33.7%. Family planning utilization was 2.2 times higher among those who have employed compared with those with not employed (AOR2.2 95% CI, 1.77- 4.15). Women who had a positive attitude were 2.3 times more likely to use family planning than negative attitudes (AOR 2.3:95% CI, 1.21- 3.87). Besides these women who got married were almost four times more likely to use family planning methods than unmarried (AOR 3.9:95% CI, 2.31-6.63).Conclusion The level of family planning utilization was low among reproductive women with disabilities and factors associated were attitude, marital status, & employed status, therefore governmental and non-governmental organization should promote for women with disabilities to change the attitude and creating job opportunities.
First report of one ecto- and two endoparasite species of the black stork (Ciconia nigra) in Portugal
Authors: Ramilo David W. , Caetano Inês , Brazio Erica , Mira Manuela , Antunes Leonor , Fonseca Isabel Pereira da , Cardoso Luis 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundThe black stork (Ciconia nigra Linnaeus, 1758) is a recognized endangered species in Europe and most of the specimens from the Western Palearctic region breed in the Iberian Peninsula. Available works regarding parasites in black storks are scarce.MethodsA black stork was captured in southern Portugal after colliding against electric cables. The specimen did not resist to injuries and a post-mortem exam was performed. During the procedure, several ecto- and endoparasites were found.ResultsThe collected parasites were lice (Neophilopterus tricolor), nematodes (Desportesius sagittatus) and trematodes (Cathaemasia hians).ConclusionsThree different parasite species are reported for the first time in a black stork from Portugal.
FRAS1-related extracellular matrix protein 2 drives the progression and poor prognosis of IL-1β-associated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Lin , Gu Jie , Liu Ronghua , Mao Wei , Xu Fengkai , Liu Zhonghe , Shou Huankai , Zhu Qiaoliang , Lu Chunlai , Chu Yiwei , Wang Qun , Lin Zongwu , Ge Di 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Chronic inflammation generates a tumor-supporting microenvironment, but it remains unclear whether and how the persistent inflammation drives genetic abnormalities leading to the occurrence and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods By global RNA-sequncing, we screened genes related to ESCC with stimulation of the pro-inflammatory factor, interleukin (IL)-1β, and identified FRAS1-related extracellular matrix protein (FREM)2 as a oncogene. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of IL-1β and its receptor IL-1R1 in fresh ESCC specimens. The interaction between FREM2 and IL-1β signal was examined in vitro and in vivo. Levels of FREM2 and IL-1R1 were determined in ESCC tissue arrays derived from 299 patients, and their correlation with clinical outcomes was analyzed. Results Multiple genes-related to ESCC occurrence and recurrence were elevated when exposed to the persistent stimulation of IL-1β. Among them, FRAS1-related extracellular matrix protein 2 (FREM2) was identified as a new oncogene in ESCC. IL-1β and its receptor IL-1R1 highly expressed in ESCC, especially in tumor cells. FREM2 was induced by IL-1β, and in turn bound to and stabilized IL-1R1, facilitating IL-1β signal transduction. The activation of downstream NK-κB and JNK signals mediated the tumor-promoting effect, while the reduction of FoxP1 was responsible for IL-1β-induced FREM2 transcription. High levels of FREM2 and IL-1R1 synergistically indicated the shorter survival time in patients. Conclusion These results suggest FREM2 is an IL-1β-stimulated oncogene, which as a cofactor of IL1R1 promotes IL-1β-induced ESCC progression. Therapeutic strategies targeting FREM2 is likely to prolong the survival of ESCC patients.
Shared microbial community changes in female rats and humans with Rett syndrome
Authors: Gallucci Allison , Patterson Kelsey , Weit Abigael , Pol William Van Der , Dubois Laura , Percy Alan , Morrow Casey , Campbell Susan , Olsen Michelle L 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Rett syndrome (RTT) is an X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder predominantly caused by alterations of the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene. The gut microbiome has been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) as a regulator of disease severity. Although the gut microbiome has been previously characterized in humans with RTT, the impact of MECP2 mutation on the composition of the gut microbiome in animal models where the host and diet can be experimentally controlled remains to be elucidated.Methods We evaluated the microbial community through 16S sequencing of fecal samples collected across postnatal development as behavioral symptoms appear and progress in a novel zinc-finger nuclease rat model of RTT. Additionally, we profiled fecal levels of fatty acids in MecP2 deficient rats. Lastly, we compared our results to predicted functional shifts in the microbiota of females with RTT compared to their mothers to further examine the translational potential of the current RTT rat model.Results We have identified microbial taxa that are differentially abundant across key timepoints in a zinc-finger nuclease rat model of RTT compared to WT. Furthermore, we have characterized functional categories of gut microbes that are similarly affected in females with RTT and female RTT rats, including similar alterations in pathways related to short chain fatty acid (SCFA) activity. Lastly, we have demonstrated that SCFA levels are decreased in the feces of RTT rats compared to WT.Limitations The current study is potentially limited by age related differences in the microbiome of RTT participants and controls as well as medication effects on the microbiome. Additionally, the current study did not assess male MeCP2-deficient rats, and it may be relevant in future studies to address potentially disparate microbial changes in male and female rats and humans with RTT.Conclusions The results of our studies establish distinct microbial community shifts that occur in RTT across developmental time points independently of diet or environmental factors. We identify p105 as a key translational timepoint at which microbial shifts most closely mirror reported microbiota communities in RTT patients. Overall, these results represent an important step in translational RTT research.
Clinical characteristics of immune tolerance after pediatric liver transplantation
Authors: Gao Kai , Liu Shuang Qing , Guo Chunbao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of immune tolerance after pediatric liver transplantation and to identify the possible predictors.Methods The clinical data from 37 cases of pediatric patients who underwent liver transplantation surgery in the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China, were retrospectively analyzed. According to the status of the current immunosuppressant medications of the patients, they were divided into no-drug (n=4), single-drug (n=16) and multi-drug (n=17) groups. The possible influencing factors were screened based on these clinical data.Results The factors that differed among the groups included the age at transplant and the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) of the transplant recipients. Between the single-drug group and the multi-drug group, the age, ALT level, and AST level of the transplant recipients were significantly different (P=0.01, P=0.00, and P=0.02, respectively); only the ALT level was significantly different (P=0.04) between the no-drug group and the multi-drug group. No significant difference was found in various factors between the no-drug and single-drug groups.Conclusion The age of the recipient at transplant may be a potential factor affecting the generation of clinical immune tolerance in pediatric liver transplantation, while ALT and AST levels can be used as potential predictors of the generation of postoperative immune tolerance.
Patient satisfaction after Elective Major Gynaecological Surgery in 2 reference hospitals in Yaounde: A cross-sectional study
Authors: AKOMBENG Ojong Samuel , Bain Luchuo Engelbert , Nsahlai Christiane , Tarkang Elvis E. , Kingsley Ombaku , Alice Mapina M. , Mathias Gouané , Pascal Foumane 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction Patient satisfaction is a quality of care measure and reveals patients’ appreciation of healthcare delivery. We sought to measure patient satisfaction following major gynaecological surgeries in 2 University Teaching Hospitals in Yaounde, Cameroon.Methods Ours was a cross-sectional, prospective study over 9 months (October 1 st 2018, to June 30 th 2018) at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH) and the Yaounde Central Hospital (YCH). By administering a modified Surgical Satisfaction Questionnaire (SSQ-8) via phone call 6 months after surgery we appreciated and scored key aspects linked to patient satisfaction, and obtained information on post-operative complications. Data was analysed using Microsoft Excel 18 and SPSS 21 setting significance at p<0.05.Results We recruited 72 patients aged 24 to 68 years. Our participants had a mean satisfaction score of 26 ± 7.854 (59.7% satisfied and 40.3% dissatisfied). All aspects tested on the SSQ-8 questionnaire influenced patient satisfaction. Patients who said they were satisfied with pain control after surgery (OR=0.207 CI=0.070–0.609, P=0,003), and with surgical results in the SSQ-8 questionnaire (OR=0.053, CI=0.011–0.254, P<0.001) achieved statistically significant post-operative satisfaction. Contrarily, patients who were dissatisfied with surgery results (OR=132.000, CI=15.256-114.131, P< 0.001) and those who developed complications (OR=7.922, CI=2.241 – 28.004, P<0.001) were significantly dissatisfied with surgery. Additionally, 47.2% declared a poor post-operative current health status versus 52.8% who claimed a good post-operative current health status. Following multivariate analysis, satisfaction with the results of surgery (aOR= 0.071, CI=0.008–0.657, P= 0.020) and the occurrence of complications (aOR=7.284, CI=1.146 – 46.273, P=0.035) were the main determinants of patient satisfaction. Patient current health status evolved similarly to patient satisfaction and especially by satisfaction with time taken to resume work (aOR=0.039, CI=0.004-0.398, P=0.006) and pre-operative exercise routine (aOR=0.038, CI=0.002–0.678, P-value=0026).Conclusion Patient satisfaction with elective gynaecological surgery is low and determined by post-operative experiences and the occurrence of complications. Also, patient self-reported current health status tends to evolve similarly to satisfaction following surgery.
AUTOMEDICAÇÃO EM IDOSOS: MEDIDAS DE PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE
Authors: Pereira Rocha Beserra Fernanda Lorena , Borba Valéria Ferreira da Costa , Torres Jáfia Elana Gonçalves , Da Silva Sara Nayara Duarte , Sobreira Macedo Mellyssa Ayêska Custodio 
Published: December 2019

RESUMO
Os medicamentos são considerados essenciais para os cuidados com a saúde, os quais colaboram para se obter uma melhora significativa no estado de saúde das pessoas, nos casos em que o utilizam de modo racional. Os idosos são os que mais consomem medicamentos sem prescrição. Diante desse cenário, o profissional farmacêutico é visto como sendo um profissional de saúde de fácil acesso, o qual é encontrado em quase todas as farmácias do país. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a prevenção e o controle da automedicação no público idoso e a identificação das medidas de prevenção e controle da automedicação. Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura realizada na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), onde foram usados os descritores indexados nos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DECS) “Automedicação” e “Idoso”. A busca foi realizada no período de fevereiro e março de 2018, e foram encontradas doze publicações na pesquisa, onde após os critérios de inclusão restaram nove trabalhos relacionados à temática. Os resultados mostraram que. As principais medidas identificadas de controle e prevenção da automedicação em idosos foram à atuação da equipe de saúde, dando destaque ao farmacêutico, na divulgação de informações e esclarecimentos quanto aos riscos da automedicação através da adoção de práticas educativas e o uso de recurso midiático para divulgação, protocolos clínicos e listas de medicações e suas especificidades. Contudo, a limitação do estudo deu-se por um quantitativo reduzido de produções, assim, sugerem-se estudos mais amplos que abordem essa temática, incluindo outros públicos e outros contextos.
A simple, robust, and automatic approach to extract water body from Landsat images (case study: Lake Urmia, Iran)
Authors: Babaei Hadiseh , Janalipour Milad , Tehrani Nadia Abbaszadeh 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Lake Urmia is one of the largest saline lakes in the world, and has a great effect on its surrounding ecosystems as well as the economic, social, and even cultural condition of its basin inhabitants. Hence, continuous monitoring of lake area changes is necessary and unavoidable for better land management and prevention of its degradation. In this study, by using Landsat 8 images and by preforming some essential pre-processing tasks, the area of the lake was estimated using the number of traditional spectral indices and a new one and the automatic Otsu's thresholding method for 5 years (2013–2017). The results showed that this index shows more accurate results than other indices when estimating the area of the lake and can separate water class from land one with an average overall accuracy of 96%.
The Significance of Buffer Solutions on Corrosion Processes of Cobalt Ferrite CoFe2O4 Thin Film on Different Substrates
Authors: Elsayed Elsayed M. , Khalil Hazem F. , Ibrahim Ibrahim A. , Hussein Mostafa R. , El-Sabbah Mohamed M.B. 
Published: December 2019

Background:The spinel ferrite nanoparticles, such as zinc, nickel, and cobalt ferrites have exceptional electronic and magnetic properties. Cobalt ferrite nanomaterial (CoFe2O4) is a hard material that reveals high magnetic, mechanical, and chemical stability.Aim and Objective:The objective of this research is to predict the corrosion behavior of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) thin films deposited on different substrates (platinum Pt, stainless steel S.S, and copper Cu) in acidic, neutral, and alkaline medium.Materials and Method:Cobalt ferrite thin films were deposited on platinum, stainless steel, and copper via electrodeposition-anodization process. After that, corrosion resistance of the prepared nanocrystalline cobalt ferrite on different substrates was investigated in acidic, neutral, and alkaline medium using open circuit potential and potentiodynamic polarization measurements. The crystal structure, crystallite size, microstructure, and magnetic properties of the ferrite films were investigated using a combination of XRD, SEM and VSM.Results:The results of XRD revealed a cubic spinel for the prepared cobalt ferrite CoFe2O4. The average size of crystallites was found to be about 43, 77, and 102 nm precipitated on platinum, stainless steel, and copper respectively. The magnetic properties of which were enhanced by rising the temperature. The sample annealed at 800oC is suitable for practical application as it showed high magnetization saturation and low coercivity. The corrosion resistance of these films depends on the pH of the medium as well as the presence of oxidizing agent.Conclusion:Depending on the obtained corrosion rate, we can recommend that, CoFe2O4 thin film can be used safely in aqueous media in neutral and alkaline atmospheres for Pt and Cu substrates, but it can be used in all pH values for S.S. substrate.
Novel Techniques for Classification of Lung Nodules using Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Bhavanishankar K. , Sudhamani M. V. 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
Lung cancer is proving to be one of the deadliest diseases that is haunting mankind in recent years. Timely detection of the lung nodules would surely enhance the survival rate. This paper focusses on the classification of candidate lung nodules into nodules/non-nodules in a CT scan of the patient. A deep learning approach –autoencoder is used for the classification.

Investigation/Methodology:
Candidate lung nodule patches obtained as the results of the lung segmentation are considered as input to the autoencoder model. The ground truth data from the LIDC repository is prepared and is submitted to the autoencoder training module. After a series of experiments, it is decided to use 4-stacked autoencoder. The model is trained for over 600 LIDC cases and the trained module is tested for remaining data sets.

Results:
The results of the classification are evaluated with respect to performance measures such as sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. The results obtained are also compared with other related works and the proposed approach was found to be better by 6.2% with respect to accuracy.

Conclusion:
In this paper, a deep learning approach –autoencoder has been used for the classification of candidate lung nodules into nodules/non-nodules. The performance of the proposed approach was evaluated with respect to sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy and the obtained values are 82.6%, 91.3%, and 87.0%, respectively. This result is then compared with existing related works and an improvement of 6.2% with respect to accuracy has been observed.
Segmentation of Brain Tumor and Performance Evaluation Using Spatial FCM and Level Set Evolution
Authors: Sreerangappa M. , Suresh M. , Jayadevappa D. 
Published: December 2019

Background:
In recent years, brain tumor is one of the major causes of death in human beings. The survival rate can be increased if the tumor is diagnosed accurately in the early stage. Hence, medical image segmentation is always a challenging task of any problem in computer guided medical procedures in hospitals. The main objective of the segmentation process is to obtain object of interest from the given image so that it can be represented in a meaningful way for further analysis.

Methods:
To improve the segmentation accuracy, an efficient segmentation method which combines a spatial fuzzy c-means and level sets is proposed in this paper.

Results:
The experiment is conducted using brain web and DICOM database. After pre-processing of an MR image, a spatial FCM algorithm is applied. The SFCM utilizes spatial data from the neighbourhood of each pixel to represent clusters. Finally, these clusters are segmented using level set active contour model for the tumor boundary. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated using various performance metrics.

Conclusion:
In this technique, wavelets and spatial FCM are applied before segmenting the brain tumor by level sets. The qualitative results show more accurate detection of tumor boundary and better convergence rate of the contour as compared to other segmentation techniques. The proposed segmentation frame work is also compared with two automatic segmentation techniques developed recently. The quantitative results of the proposed method summarize the improvements in segmentation accuracy, sensitivity and specificity.
Method Development and Validation for Simultaneous Estimation of Benidipine Hydrochloride and Metoprolol Succinate in Tablet
Authors: Patel Dhaval M , Patel Deepa , Patel Advaita , Sheth Avani , Shah Utsav J 
Published: December 2019

Present work focusing in developing and validating a new high performance liquid chromatography method for estimation of Metoprolol Succinate and Benidipine Hydrochloride in their combine tablet dosage form. The method was performed on Shimadzu LC-20AT instrument using C18 (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm) Hypersil BDS Column and Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate Buffer (pH 4.0): Methanol (65: 35% v/v) as mobile phase at ambient temperature. Detection was carried out at 269 nm. Concentration range 4-12 µg/ml for Benidipine Hydrochloride and 25-75 µg/ml for Metoprolol Succinate . The Percentage recovery of Benidipine Hydrochloride and Metoprrolol succinate was found to be 99.59% and 99.39 respectively. Correlation coefficient for Metoprolol succinate and Benidipine Hydrochloride was found 0.9995 and 0.9997 respectively. The Rt values for Metoprolol succinate and Benidipine Hydrochloride were found to be 3.4 and 5.9 min respectively. The method was validated according to the guidelines of International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) and was successfully employed in the estimation of commercial formulations.
Keywords: Metoprolol Succinate, Benidipine Hydrochoride, HPLC, Mobile Phase,
Spectrochemical Investigation of di methoxy Aniline Dithiocarbamate metal complexes-Biological activity
Authors: Soma sekhar A , Jayaraju A. , Sreeramulu J. 
Published: December 2019

Dithiocarbomates are a class of sulfur-based metal-chelating compounds commonly used in industry, agriculture, and medicine. 2,6 di methoxy Aniline dithiocarbamate Complexes of Copper and Ruthenium have been prepared and Characterized by Spectroscopic methods like IR,NMR and also analysis of Biological activity. The investigation of these complexes confirmed that the stability of metal–ligands coordination through, S & S,N atoms as bidendate chelates..