bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Placental malaria vaccine candidate antigen VAR2CSA displays atypical domain architecture in some Plasmodium falciparum strains
Authors: Doritchamou Justin Y. A. , Morrison Robert , Renn Jonathan P. , Ribeiro Jose , Duan Junhui , Fried Michal , Duffy Patrick E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTwo vaccines based on Plasmodium falciparum protein VAR2CSA are currently in clinical evaluation to prevent placental malaria (PM), but a deeper understanding of var2csa variability could impact vaccine design. Here we identified atypical extended or truncated VAR2CSA extracellular structures and confirmed one extended structure in a Malian maternal isolate, using a novel protein fragment assembly method for RNA-seq and DNA-seq data. Extended structures included one or two additional DBL domains downstream of the conventional NTS-DBL1X-6ɛ domain structure, with closest similarity to DBLɛ in var2csa and non-var2csa genes. Overall, 4/82 isolates displayed atypical VAR2CSA structures. The maternal isolate expressing an extended VAR2CSA bound to CSA, but its recombinant VAR2CSA bound less well to CSA than VAR2CSANF54 and showed lower reactivity to naturally acquired parity-dependent antibody. Our protein fragment sequence assembly approach has revealed atypical VAR2CSA domain architectures that impact antigen reactivity and function, and should inform the design of VAR2CSA-based vaccines.
Laser induced molybdenum sulphide loading on doped graphene cathode for highly stable lithium sulphur battery
Authors: Huang Yihe , Field Richard , Chen Qian , Peng Yudong , Walczak Monika S. , Zhao Hu , Zhu Guangyu , Liu Zhu , Li Lin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLithium sulphur (Li-S) batteries are known to have much higher charge capacity than the currently widely used lithium-ion batteries with graphite anodes. However, maintaining high charge cycle stability is a key challenge for Li-S batteries due to the shuttle effect. Here we show highly stable characteristics with 100% charge capacity of Li-S batteries with 500 charge/discharge cycles at 0.5 C, 1 C, 2 C and 3 C charge rates. This was made possible by the combination of laser synthesised sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) doped graphene electrodes (without a binder) with molybdenum sulphide (MoS2) nanoparticle loading. The N/S doped porous graphene structure presented enhanced interface adsorption by the production of –SO2, which suppressed diffusion of polysulfide into the electrolyte through promoting oxygen-containing functional groups chemically bonding with sulfur. A low electrolyte resistance, interphase contact resistance and charge-transfer resistance accelerate electrons and Li+ transport by laser induced N/S doped graphene.
Ultrasonic nodal chains in topological granular metamaterials
Authors: Merkel Aurélien , Christensen Johan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) Weyl and Dirac semimetals garner considerable attention in condensed matter physics due to the exploration of entirely new topological phases and related unconventional surface states. Nodal line and ring semimetals, on the other hand, can facilitate 3D band crossings characterized by nontrivial links such as coupled chains and knots that are protected by the underlying crystal symmetry. Experimental complexities and detrimental effects of the spin-orbit interaction, among others, pose great challenges for the advancement that can be overcome with other systems such as bosonic lattices. Here we demonstrate that a 3D mechanical metamaterial made of granular beads hosts multiple intersecting nodal rings in the ultrasonic regime. By unveiling these yet unseen classical topological phases, we discuss the resilience of the associated novel surface states that appear entirely unaffected to the type of crystal termination, making them a promising platform in ultrasonic devices for non-destructive testing and material characterization.
Transforming growth factor-β1-regulated Fas/FasL pathway activation suppresses nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis in an inflammatory environment
Authors: Xie Jingjing , Li Bo , Yao Bing , Zhang Pingchao , Wang Lixin , Lu Hua , Song Xuan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: During disc degeneration, inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is correlated with nucleus pulposus (NP) cell apoptosis. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 has the potential to regenerate degenerative disc.
Objective: To investigate the protective role of TGF-β1 against TNF-α-mediated NP cell apoptosis and the underlying mechanism.
Methods: Rat NP cells were treated with TNF-α (100 ng/ml) for 48 h. TGF-β1 was added into the culture medium to investigate its protective effects against TNF-α-induced NP cell apoptosis. Exogenous FasL was used to investigate the potential role of the Fas/FasL pathway in this process. Flow cytometry assay was used to analyze NP cell apoptosis. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to analyze gene and protein expression of apoptosis-related molecules.
Results: In TNF-α-treated NP cells, TGF-β1 significantly decreased NP cell apoptosis, declined caspase-3 and -8 activity, and decreased expression of Bax and caspase-3 (cleaved-caspase-3) but increased expression of Bcl-2. However, exogenous FasL partly reversed these effects of TGF-β1 in NP cells treated with TNF-α. Additionally, expression of Fas and FasL in TNF-α-treated NP cells partly decreased by TGF-β1, whereas exogenous FasL increased expression of Fas and FasL in NP cells treated with TGF-β1 and TNF-α.
Conclusion: TGF-β1 helps to inhibit TNF-α-induced NP cell apoptosis and the Fas/FasL pathway may be involved in this process. The present study suggests that TGF-β1 may be effective to retard inflammation-mediated disc degeneration.
m6A RNA methylation regulators can contribute to malignant progression and impact the prognosis of bladder cancer
Authors: Chen Mei , Nie Zhen-yu , Wen Xiao-hong , Gao Yuan-hui , Cao Hui , Zhang Shu-fang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common form of messenger RNA (mRNA) modification. An increasing number of studies have proven that m6A RNA methylation regulators are overexpressed in many cancers and participate in the development of cancer through the dynamic regulation of m6A RNA methylation regulators. However, the prognostic role of m6A RNA methylation regulators in bladder cancer (BC) is poorly understood. In the present study, we downloaded the mRNA expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the corresponding clinical and prognostic information. The relationship between m6A RNA methylation regulators and clinicopathological variables of BC patients was assessed by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. The expression of the m6A RNA methylation regulators was differentially associated with different clinicopathological variables of BC patients. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model was then applied to identify three m6A RNA methylation regulators. The risk signature was constructed as follows: 0.164FTO − (0.081YTHDC1+0.032WTAP). Based on the risk signature, the risk score of each patient was calculated, and the patients were divided into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. The overall survival (OS) rate of the high-risk group was significantly lower than that of the low-risk group. The risk signature was not only an independent prognostic marker for BC patients but also a predictor of clinicopathological variables. In conclusion, m6A RNA methylation regulators can participate in the malignant progression of BC, and a risk signature with three selected m6A RNA methylation regulators may be a promising prognostic biomarker to guide personalized treatment for BC patients.
Isolated H‐bridge DC–DC converter integrated transformerless DVR for power quality improvement
Authors: Savrun Murat Mustafa , Köroğlu Tahsin , Tan Adnan , Cuma Mehmet Uğraş , Bayindir Kamil Çağatay , Tümay Mehmet 
Published: December 2019

This study presents a new H‐bridge DC‐DC converter‐based transformerless dynamic voltage restorer topology (DVR). The proposed system can compensate balanced and unbalanced voltage sag/swell that are the most common electrical power quality problems and offers advantages over conventional DVR topologies by providing the isolation with high‐frequency transformer (HFT) rather than bulky injection transformers and by employing shunt converter to eliminate the requirement of an energy storage unit. The system is composed of H‐bridge DC–DC converter equipped with a HFT with one primary and three secondary windings and transformerless DVR. The single‐phase shift modulation method is used for each series converter independently to provide the bidirectional power flow control of DC–DC converter, whereas in‐phase compensation method with a hybrid detection algorithm is used to mitigate voltage sag/swell. An LC filter is employed to attenuate the switching ripple harmonics on the output of the DVR. The performance of the proposed system is verified experimentally on a three‐phase, three‐wire, 380 V, 10 kVA prototype.
Modelling and control of a triple‐active‐bridge converter
Authors: Zou Shenli , Lu Jiangheng , Khaligh Alireza 
Published: December 2019

This study proposes a systematic approach to model and control a triple‐active‐bridge (TAB) converter for electric vehicle on‐board charger applications. An innovative generalised‐harmonic‐approximation (GHA) modelling method is proposed to accurately predict the instantaneous current and voltage waveforms. Based on the GHA modelling, a control strategy for a TAB converter is proposed, which enables the power flow from grid to two batteries with high conversion efficiency while achieving zero‐voltage switching operation. Compared to the conventional phase‐shift modulation, the proposed control method achieves an extended operating range of simultaneous charging operation mode, especially under the unbalanced load conditions. As a proof‐of‐concept, a 600 W prototype is built and tested. The experimental results are presented including waveforms of different operation modes and efficiency measurements. The peak efficiency of the TAB converter under the G2B mode is measured as 97.6%. The experimental waveforms exhibit good agreement with the waveforms obtained through GHA modelling.
Elderly monitoring system in a smart city environment using LoRa and MQTT
Authors: Lachtar Abdelfatteh , Val Thierry , Kachouri Abdennaceur 
Published: December 2019

With the rapid surge of M‐Health and smart city systems, the need to accommodate sensors and actuators to achieve effective automation turns out to be imposed, for an efficient machine‐to‐machine communication to be maintained. In this regard, the key elements necessary for a successful M‐Health system to take place are discovered to be the power consumption and interoperability maintaining factors. In this context, the present study is conducted to devise a special elderly tracking and monitoring system, closely connected to a walking stick device. The proposed design involves a cane cased transmitter node, enabling to send data related to the position and the state of the elderly to a base station, through implementation of the LoRa technology. The latter would then apply the message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) protocol to interact with the environment once a fall proves to take place. For the purpose of evaluating the advanced design associated coverage range and power consumption rate, as enhanced via LoRa network, several experimental tests have been administered. The achieved results appear to reveal that the suggested architecture recorded average covered area turns out to be of the rate of 6 km2.
Die equine adenomatöse Allantoishyperplasie – ein Warnsignal?
Authors: Hülskötter Kirsten , Aurich Christine , Köhne Martin , Baumgärtner Wolfgang , Wohlsein Peter 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungDie equine adenomatöse Allantoishyperplasie (EAAH) ist eine selten beobachtete noduläre oder flächige Veränderung der
Plazenta des Pferdes, die anhand eines Falls vorgestellt wird. Die EAAH wird gehäuft bei abortierten Feten
diagnostiziert und ist mit entzündlichen Veränderungen der Plazenta assoziiert. Entsprechend ihrer Ausbildung werden
histologisch verschiedene Grade der EAAH unterschieden, doch sind diese weder mit einer bestimmten klinischen
Symptomatik, dem Entzündungsgrad, einem spezifischen Erreger oder der Häufigkeit von Aborten assoziiert. Es wird davon
ausgegangen, dass die EAAH eine sekundäre, reaktive Veränderung darstellt und selbst keinen Einfluss auf die Vitalität
des equinen Fetus hat. Die Läsion sollte jedoch auch bei klinisch unauffälligen Fohlen als Warnsignal für mögliche
vorausgegangene subklinische Infektionen ernst genommen werden und Anlass für eine genauere klinische Untersuchung und
Überwachung von Stute und Fohlen geben.
Toxoplasma gondii-associated cholecystitis in a cat receiving immunosuppressive
treatment
Authors: Lo Piccolo Francesco , Busch Kathrin , Palić Jelena , Geisen Vera , Hartmann Katrin , Unterer Stefan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA 9-year-old female neutered domestic shorthair cat diagnosed with immune-mediated thrombocytopenia that was treated with
prednisolone and cyclosporine, was presented for anorexia, vomiting, increased liver enzymes, and hyperbilirubinemia.
Abdominal ultrasound revealed a markedly thickened gallbladder and common bile duct wall. Bile cytology detected severe
neutrophilic inflammation and protozoal zoites. Suspected Toxoplasma gondii infection was confirmed by real-time
PCR of bile. The cat was treated with clindamycin and ursodeoxycholic acid for 6 weeks, recovered and remained stable
for 2 years despite ongoing immunosuppressive treatment. Thereafter, the cat was presented with suspicion of intestinal
lymphoma, and recurrence of toxoplasmosis was diagnosed. Following treatment with clindamycin and prednisolone over 4
weeks the cat was euthanized. This is the first report of Toxoplasma gondii zoites detected in bile fluid from a
cat with cholecystitis. Pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis in cats is still not fully understood. Although immunosuppression
can represent a relevant predisposing factor, other factors, such as virulence of the parasite and genetic polymorphism
of the host, can also play an important role. Toxoplasmosis should be included as a differential diagnosis in cats
developing clinical signs of an inflammatory disease while receiving immunosuppressive treatment.
Untersuchung der perioperativen Hypothermie bei kombinierter Gabe von Acepromazin und Metamizol
beim Hund
Authors: Schidelko-Prandl Judith , Meyer-Lindenberg Andrea , Schwarz Günter , Pieper Korbinian 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Gegenstand und Ziel Untersuchung des perioperativen Temperaturverlaufs bei gleichzeitiger Anwendung von
Acepromazin und Metamizol (AM) im Vergleich zur Anwendung von Acepromazin alleine (A).
Material und Methoden In dieser prospektiven, quasi-randomisierten, kontrollierten Studie wurden 20 Hunde, bei
denen eine standardisierte Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy erfolgte, hinsichtlich der Prämedikation alternierend 2
Gruppen (A und AM) zugeordnet (je n = 10). Der Verlauf der Rektaltemperaturen wurde ab der Prämedikation bis zum
Wiedererreichen einer physiologischen Körpertemperatur nach der Narkose überwacht.
Ergebnisse Der Abfall der Temperatur während der Narkose war bei beiden Gruppen vergleichbar (p = 0,12).
Postoperativ differierten die Temperaturverläufe der beiden Gruppen signifikant (p = 0,0455). Bei 6 Hunden, die
Metamizol erhalten hatten, fiel die Temperatur nach Extubation weiter ab, bevor sie wieder auf physiologische Werte
anstieg.
Schlussfolgerung Unabhängig von der Studiengruppe entwickelten alle Probanden intraoperativ eine Hypothermie.
Postoperativ stabilisierte sich die Körpertemperatur in Gruppe A schneller als in Gruppe AM.
Vergleichsmessung mit dem GlucoMen®LX PLUS und einer Referenzmethode zur Bestimmung von
β-Hydroxybutyrat bei Hunden und Katzen
Authors: Weiß Mirjam , Schramm Fabian , Dahlem Dorothee 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Gegenstand und Ziel Der Nachweis von Ketonkörpern erfolgt in der Regel über einen Urinschnelltest, der aufgrund
der fehlenden Testung auf β-Hydroxybutyrat zu falsch negativen Ergebnissen führen kann. In der Humanmedizin wird eine
direkte Bestimmung von β-Hydroxybutyrat aus dem Blut mithilfe von portablen Messgeräten bevorzugt, die mit einer höheren
Sensitivität verbunden ist. In der Veterinärmedizin stehen nur wenige evaluierte Geräte zur Verfügung, die bei höheren
β-Hydroxybutyrat-Konzentrationen deutliche Limitationen zeigten. Ziel der Studie war eine Vergleichsmessung mit dem
portablen Ketonmessgerät GlucoMen®LX PLUS und der Referenzmethode zur quantitativen Bestimmung der
β-Hydroxybutyrat-Konzentration in venösem Blut von Hunden und Katzen.
Material und Methoden Aufnahme in die prospektive Studie fanden insgesamt 47 Hunde und 55 Katzen mit diabetischer
Ketoazidose, Diabetes mellitus, einer katabolen Stoffwechsellage sowie gesunde Tiere. Es erfolgte eine vergleichende
Untersuchung der Proben mit dem zu evaluierenden Ketonmessgerät GlucoMen®LX PLUS und einem automatischen
Analysegerät als Referenzmethode. Die Messresultate der Proben von Hunden und Katzen wurden getrennt ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Es zeigte sich eine hohe Korrelation zwischen den Messungen des GlucoMen®LX PLUS und der
Referenzmethode bei Hunden (R = 0,986, p < 0,001) und Katzen (R = 0,98, p < 0,001). Die gemessenen Werte
variierten bei Hunden (Mittelwert 0,01 mmol/l, SD ± 0,20) und Katzen (Mittelwert 0,05 mmol/l, SD ± 0,29) nur
geringfügig. Bei 44 % aller Hunde und Katzen ergaben sich mit dem GlucoMen®LX PLUS niedrigere Werte als bei
der Referenzmethode, wobei eine stärkere Differenz der Messwerte insbesondere bei niedrigen und höheren
β-Hydroxybutyrat-Konzentrationen bestand (Hunde: R = –0,762; Katzen: R = –0,86).
Schlussfolgerung Das Gerät GlucoMen®LX PLUS weist eine sehr gute Korrelation zur Referenzmethode auf
und ist zur Messung von β-Hydroxybutyrat in venösem Blut von Hunden und Katzen geeignet. Seine Limitationen liegen
insbesondere in höheren Messbereichen, in denen das Gerät im Vergleich zur Referenzmethode geringfügig niedrige
β-Hydroxybutyrat-Konzentrationen misst.
Klinische Relevanz Das GlucoMen®LX PLUS stellt eine kostengünstige Alternative zur
Ketonkörperbestimmung im Urin dar.
Antirefluxoperation im ersten Lebensjahr, wenn ja, wann und wie? − Pro OP
Authors: Oswald Josef 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungEine offene chirurgische Intervention im ersten Lebensjahr bei Kindern mit VUR ist nur in Ausnahmefällen indiziert. V. a. männliche Säuglinge mit hochgradigem Reflux, Einschränkung der Nierenfunktion im Sinne einer Refluxnephropathie, eindeutiger infravesikaler Obstruktion, fieberhaften Durchbruchsinfekten im Sinne von Pyelonephritiden oder septischen Zustandsbildern bedürfen einer frühzeitigen chirurgischen Intervention. Diese beschränkt sich neben der zu empfehlenden Zirkumzision meist auf die endoskopische infravesikale Desobstruktion von Urethralklappen, prolabierenden Ureterozelen sowie sekundären Blasenhalsobstruktionen. Eine endoskopische Refluxtherapie mit Hyaluronsäure/Dextranomer ist lediglich als „down-staging“ des VUR aufzufassen, sie muss individuell indiziert werden, eine offene, suprapubische Entlastung des Harntraktes im Sinne einer Vesikostomie oder Ureterocutaneostomie ist nur mehr in Einzelfällen bei septischen Zuständen oder nicht durchführbarer endoskopischer Therapie berechtigt.
Successful Perioperative Combination of High-Dose FVIII Therapy Followed by Emicizumab in a Patient with Hemophilia A with Inhibitors
Authors: Okamoto Shuichi , Suzuki Nobuaki , Suzuki Atsuo , Suzuki Sachiko , Tamura Shogo , Suzuki Mochihito , Takahashi Nobunori , Kojima Toshihisa , Kanematsu Takeshi , Kojima Tetsuhito , Kiyoi Hitoshi , Ishiguro Naoki , Matsushita Tadashi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe managed perioperative hemostasis for a 72-year-old man with hemophilia A and low inhibitor titers (3 BU/mL), who underwent osteosynthesis for supracondylar fracture of the left humerus. He was treated perioperatively using the combination of high doses of factor VIII (FVIII) with recombinant human Factor VIII Fc fusion protein (rFVIIIFc), followed by emicizumab. On the day of surgery (day 0), he was administered bolus infusion of 150 IU/kg rFVIIIFc, followed by continuous infusion at a dose of 4 IU/kg/h. Emicizumab, 3 mg/kg, was injected subcutaneously once a week, on days 5, 12, 19, and 26. Inhibitors were detected on day 6 at a titer of 4 BU/mL and FVIII:C decreased to below assay sensitivity limits on day 10. The rate of increase in inhibitor titers was high, with inhibitors increasing to 343.4 BU/mL on day 14. The transition of thrombin production by thrombin generation assay (TGA) showed temporary decrease in thrombin production on day 7, although it was restored by day 10, i.e., five days after commencement of emicizumab therapy. Rotational thromboelastometry displayed consistent results with TGA, showing that clotting time was prolonged and the alpha angle decreased to less than measurable levels on day 6, although they were improved by day 10. There were no bleeding-related events or other adverse events throughout the perioperative period. In conclusion, emicizumab was effective for the management of perioperative hemostasis after development of an anamnestic response in a patient with hemophilia A with inhibitors. Combination therapy with high doses of FVIII followed by emicizumab could be a workable alternative for patients with hemophilia A with inhibitors.
All in Your Mind? New-Onset Dysphagia in a Previously Healthy Adolescent Child
Authors: Sequeira Jake , Willson Douglas , Marinello Mark 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA healthy 11-year-old male develops fear of choking secondary to progressive dysphagia that began in early childhood. No organic cause is found, and the patient is diagnosed with psychiatric oral aversion. The child is eventually transferred to a psychiatric facility, where a month later he has a possible aspiration event and is transferred to the local emergency room for respiratory distress before being admitted to the intensive care unit. Workup is notable for abnormal findings on brain imaging, and the diagnosis of Alexander's disease is made. This case highlights the importance of complete history-taking and examinations in pediatric patients.
38.11 Acyclic Geminal Bisperoxides
Authors: Vil’ V. A. , Bityukov O. V. , Terent'ev A. O. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis chapter describes synthetic approaches to geminal noncyclic bisperoxides such as geminal bishydroperoxides, geminal bisperoxides, bis(1-hydroperoxyalkyl) peroxides, and 1-hydroperoxyalkyl 1-hydroxyalkyl peroxides. Classical approaches to the preparation of geminal bisperoxides are based on Lewis or Brønsted acid catalyzed peroxidation of carbonyl compounds and alkenes by hydrogen peroxide or hydroperoxides. The chapter also describes other, more specific approaches to the synthesis of compounds with geminal bisperoxide moieties.