bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic virulence markers are associated with severe outcomes in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infection
Authors: Valik John Karlsson , Giske Christian G. , Hasan Badrul , Gozalo-Margüello Mónica , Martínez-Martínez Luis , Premru Manica Mueller , Martinčič Žiga , Beović Bojana , Maraki Sofia , Zacharioudaki Maria , Kofteridis Diamantis , McCarthy Kate , Paterson David , Cueto Marina de , Morales Isabel , Leibovici Leonard , Babich Tanya , Granath Fredrik , Rodríguez-Baño Jesús , Oliver Antonio , Yahav Dafna , Nauclér Pontus 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) bloodstream infection (BSI) is a common healthcare-associated complication linked to antimicrobial resistance and high mortality. Ongoing clinical trials are exploring novel anti-virulence agents, yet studies on how bacterial virulence affects PA infection outcomes is conflicting and data from real-world clinical populations is limited.

Methods
We studied a multicentre cohort of 773 adult patients with PA BSI consecutively collected during 7-years from sites in Europe and Australia. Comprehensive clinical data and whole-genome sequencing of all bacterial strains were obtained.

Results
Based on the virulence genotype, we identify several virulence clusters, each showing varying proportions of multidrug-resistant phenotypes. Genes tied to biofilm synthesis and epidemic clones ST175 and ST235 are associated with mortality, while the type III secretion system is associated with septic shock. Adding genomic biomarkers to machine learning models based on clinical data indicates improved prediction of severe outcomes in PA BSI patients.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that virulence markers provide prognostic information with potential applications in guiding adjuvant sepsis treatments.
A novel embedded voltage‐clamped circuit for multilevel modular converters submodule to suppress very fast transient overvoltage
Authors: Shen Hong , Dongye Zhonghao , Xiao Mian , Shao Jiayi , Zhang Xiangyu , Yao Yao , Dong Zifan , Qi Lei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe submodule in multilevel modular converters experiences a very fast transient overvoltage (VFTO) during switch operation of gas‐insulated switchgear, which also results in overvoltage on power devices, such as thyristors and insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). This work presents an embedded circuit that utilises a gap in conjunction with a metal oxide varistor (MOV) to control the voltage of the surge arrester and prevent false triggers during the transient phase when the IGBT is turned off. The mechanism of VFTO is analysed. Moreover, the design idea is suggested and the gap‐MOV circuit is constructed. Ultimately, experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the suggested gap‐MOV in suppressing overvoltage.
Experimental study on the influence of a PEM water electrolyzer cell's impedance on its power consumption under impaired power quality
Authors: Puranen Pietari , Hehemann Michael , Järvinen Lauri , Ruuskanen Vesa , Kosonen Antti , Ahola Jero , Kauranen Pertti 
Published: December 2024

AbstractImpaired power quality is known to increase the power consumption of water electrolysis cells without affecting the hydrogen production rate. Owing to a lack of large‐signal dynamic water electrolyzer models, simulations on the topic often consider only the static polarization curve omitting actual cell dynamics. This article aims to bridge the gap by experimentally studying the dynamic phenomena leading to additional power consumption of a polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzer cell using sinusoidal current ripple. The effect of ripple amplitude is analyzed with high‐speed current and voltage waveform measurements, and the frequency dependence is determined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The complex cell impedance is found to be the only parameter needed for determining the additional power consumption at frequencies above . This finding enables a simple prediction of additional power consumption for arbitrary current waveforms at frequencies relevant for water electrolyzer rectifiers. At frequencies below , the static polarization curve begins to influence the voltage waveform of the specific cell, thereby reducing the predictive power of the impedance model. The results prove the use of the static polarization curve is generally inaccurate for modeling water electrolysis power consumption with ripple current.
Stellar parameter prediction and spectral simulation using machine learning
Authors: Cvrček Vojtěch , Romaniello Martino , Šára Radim , Freudling Wolfram , Ballester Pascal 
Published: December 2024

Aims. We applied machine learning to the entire data history of ESO’s High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) instrument. Our primary goal was to recover the physical properties of the observed objects, with a secondary emphasis on simulating spectra. We systematically investigated the impact of various factors on the accuracy and fidelity of the results, including the use of simulated data, the effect of varying amounts of real training data, network architectures, and learning paradigms.
Methods. Our approach integrates supervised and unsupervised learning techniques within autoencoder frameworks. Our methodology leverages an existing simulation model that utilizes a library of existing stellar spectra in which the emerging flux is computed from first principles rooted in physics and a HARPS instrument model to generate simulated spectra comparable to observational data. We trained standard and variational autoencoders on HARPS data to predict spectral parameters and generate spectra. Convolutional and residual architectures were compared, and we decomposed autoencoders in order to assess component impacts.
Results. Our models excel at predicting spectral parameters and compressing real spectra, and they achieved a mean prediction error of ~50 K for effective temperatures, making them relevant for most astrophysical applications. Furthermore, the models predict metallicity ([M/H]) and surface gravity (log g) with an accuracy of ~0.03 dex and ~0.04 dex, respectively, underscoring their broad applicability in astrophysical research. Moreover, the models can generate new spectra that closely mimic actual observations, enriching traditional simulation techniques. Our variational autoencoder-based models achieve short processing times: 779.6 ms on a CPU and 3.97 ms on a GPU. These results demonstrate the benefits of integrating high-quality data with advanced model architectures, as it significantly enhances the scope and accuracy of spectroscopic analysis. With an accuracy comparable to the best classical analysis method but requiring a fraction of the computation time, our methods are particularly suitable for high-throughput observations such as massive spectroscopic surveys and large archival studies.
Die Hautklinik Dortmund – Gestern und Heute
Authors: Susok Laura , Weyer-Fahlbusch Sera Selina , Gambichler Thilo , Beiteke Ulrike 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Hautklinik Dortmund blickt auf eine über 130-jährige Geschichte zurück, die eng mit der wirtschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Entwicklung der Region verbunden ist. Gegründet 1889 im Luisen-Hospital, entwickelte sie sich unter der Leitung von Prof. Johannes Fabry zu einem Zentrum für die Behandlung von Geschlechtskrankheiten, berufsbedingten Hauterkrankungen und dermatologischen Tumoren. Mit innovativen Ansätzen, darunter neuen Therapien gegen Syphilis und Studien zur Hauttuberkulose, prägte die Klinik frühzeitig die dermatologische Forschung.Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg trieb eine Modernisierungsphase unter Leitung von Prof. Curt Carrié und später Prof. Hagen Tronnier den Ausbau der Klinik voran, insbesondere in der Berufsdermatologie, Allergologie und Tumortherapie. Unter Prof. Peter J. Frosch wurden präventive Strategien und standardisierte Testverfahren für Kontaktallergien etabliert, während die operative Dermatologie durch moderne Technologien wie Lasertherapie erweitert wurde. Prof. Dorothée Nashan führte die Klinik mit Schwerpunkt in der Dermatoonkologie und baute die Zusammenarbeit mit Berufsgenossenschaften und Forschungseinrichtungen aus.Seit 2023 leitet Frau Priv.-Doz. Dr. Laura Susok die Klinik und setzt Schwerpunkte in der Dermatoonkologie, der Kinderdermatologie und Autoimmunerkrankungen. Die Studienambulanz wurde ausgebaut. Die Universität Witten/Herdecke unterstützt die Dermatologie des Klinikums Dortmund aktiv mit zwei Forschungsförderungen. Mit modernen stationären Einheiten, wachsendem Patientenaufkommen und innovativen Behandlungsmethoden bleibt die Hautklinik Dortmund ein führendes Zentrum der Dermatologie, das sich an den Bedürfnissen einer zunehmend ambulanten Versorgungsstruktur orientiert.
MRT-Sakroiliitis – Einfluss von Geschlecht und Anatomie auf
Läsionen
Authors: Ziegeler Katharina , Ulas Sevtap Tugce 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDie MRT-Bildgebung der Sakroiliakalgelenke spielt eine zentrale Rolle in der
Differentialdiagnostik des entzündlichen Rückenschmerzes. In der Interpretation
der Bildgebung gibt es jedoch wesentliche Unterschiede zwischen Männern und
Frauen zu beachten. Dies betrifft sowohl die Abgrenzung echter entzündlicher von
rein degenerativ-entzündlichen Veränderungen als auch die tendenziell
unterschiedlichen bildgebenden Verläufe einer axialen Spondyloarthritis (axSpA).
Aufgrund anatomisch-biomechanischer Gegebenheiten haben Frauen ein höheres
Risiko, mechanisch-degenerative Erkrankungen der Sakroiliakalgelenke zu
entwickeln; diese können in der klinischen Praxis schwer von einer Sakroiliitis
zu unterscheiden sein. Im Rahmen einer axialen Spondyloarthritis finden sich bei
Frauen häufiger Sklerosen und bei Männern häufiger Ankylosen und
postentzündliche Fettmetaplasien. Die diagnostische Genauigkeit der MRT der
Sakroiliakalgelenke ist bei Frauen niedriger als bei Männern. Eine Kenntnis der
anatomisch-biomechanischen Unterschiede zwischen Männern und Frauen ermöglicht
somit eine präzisere radiologische Diagnostik bei Verdacht auf axiale
Spondyloarthritis.
Do Systemic Inflammatory Indices, Urinalysis, and Radiological
Findings Vary by Causative Pathogen in Neonatal Urinary Tract
Infections?
Authors: Elbayiyev Sarkhan , Kadıoğlu Şimşek Gülsüm , Çevirici Tevfik , Karaçağlar Nazmiye Bengü , Kanmaz Kutman Hayriye Gözde , Canpolat Fuat Emre 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objectives Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common occult
infections in infants under three months of age with high fever, caused by
various pathogens, and can progress with different symptoms from mild to severe.
We planned to explore and compare pathogen-specific systemic inflammatory
indices, urinalysis, and radiological findings in newborns.
Methods The retrospective study included preterm and term neonates with
single pathogen growth of≥50.000 colony-forming units (CFU) /mL from urine
cultures obtained by first-time catheterization between September 2019 and
November 2021. Baseline hemogram parameters, acute phase reactants, systemic
inflammatory indexes, urinalysis, and radiological findings were analyzed in
pathogen-specific groups.
Results Of the 132 patients included in the study, gastrointestinal
symptoms were the most common. C-reactive protein values were higher in the non-
E. Coli group (p<0.05). Procalcitonin values were higher in patients with
Klebsiella spp. isolates (p<0.05). Systemic inflammatory indexes were higher
in patients with Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci isolates (p<0.05). Urinary
acidity was higher in the non-E. Coli group (p<0.05). Escherichia Coli and
Klebsiella Spp. were isolated in two-thirds of patients with leukocyte esterase
positivity. The most common cause of UTI in patients with abnormal renal
ultrasound findings was E. Coli (33.3%).
Conclusion Our findings imply that unconventional tests could assist in
pathogen differentiation, determining clinical presentation, and prognosis.
Effect of Glutaraldehyde-Based Desensitizer on Control of Tooth Sensitivity and Tooth Color Post-bleaching: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: de Mesquita Raíssa Araújo , Takeuchi Elma Vieira , Maria Eduarda Cardoso de Oliveira Pereira , Araújo Jesuina Lamartine Nogueira , Alves Eliane Bermeguy , Silva Cecy Martins 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objectives This randomized, controlled, single-blind, split-mouth clinical study evaluated the effect of the application of a glutaraldehyde-based desensitizer on the prevention of tooth sensitivity (TS) and the changes in the color of the teeth after bleaching.
Materials and Methods Twenty-five patients were selected for participation in the study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patients' right and left hemiarches were randomized into two groups: the placebo group, which received distilled water application and whitening treatment, and the Gluma group, which received Gluma application, followed by whitening treatment. The patients were examined after three bleaching sessions with 35% hydrogen peroxide. TS was measured using a numerical rating scale for 21 days from the beginning of bleaching. The tooth color was monitored using a spectrophotometer at times T0 (baseline) and T1 (after 21 days). The color analysis results were recorded using the CieLab system; the CIEDE2000 formula was applied to obtain the ΔE00 and ΔL values.
Statistical Analysis For statistical analysis, the Friedman analysis of variance test was used for intragroup evaluation, and the Wilcoxon test was used for a between-group comparison of the TS results. Student's t-test paired the ΔE00 and ΔL values of the groups. A 5% significance level was adopted.
Results Intragroup analysis of the sensitivity results showed a statistically significant difference between the pain levels evaluated through days 1 to 21 (p < 0.001), and the highest median values were observed on the days when the whitening sessions were performed (days 1, 8, and 15) and right after the sessions (days 2, 9, and 16). However, in the intergroup analysis, no statistical difference in sensitivity was found between the placebo and Gluma. No statistical difference was found between the influences of the placebo and Gluma treatments on the color obtained after tooth whitening using parameters ᐃE00 and ᐃL (p > 0.05).
Conclusion The use of Gluma prior to bleaching does not prevent TS and does not interfere with the color results obtained by tooth bleaching.
Comparison of Premature Ejaculation in Men with Focal Epilepsy and Generalized Tonic-Clonic Epilepsy
Authors: Adibi Amir , Otaghi Masoumeh , Aghamiri Seyed Hossein 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction premature ejaculation (PE) is one of the most common sexual disorders in men.
Objectives Considering the importance of sexual health in men, especially patients with epilepsy, this study was conducted with the aim of comparing premature ejaculation in men with focal epilepsy and generalized tonic-clonic seizure (GTCS).
Methods In this cross-sectional and observational study, patients with epilepsy were included in the study. The examined patients were examined by psychiatrists and neurologists, and sampling was done according to the entry and exit criteria. The total sample size was 200 people, including 100 patients with focal epilepsy and 100 patients with GTCS. The tools used included demographic profile form, Men Sexual Health Questionnaire (MSHQ), Sexual Quality of Life-Men (SQOL-M), and Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT). The study was conducted to include patients referred to specialized clinics and hospitals and who had the necessary conditions to participate in the study. Considering that all the patients were male, the questioning was done by a male researcher. Then, the extracted data were entered into SPSS statistical software.
Results Result showed, the M(SD) age of the patients in the focal epilepsy group was equal to 30.18(3.85). M(SD) score of MSHQ tool was equal to 51.81 (11.98), SQOL-M tool was equal to 34.75 (9.36) and PEDT tool was equal to 8.63 (4.79). In this study, although the M(SD) of the PE score in the focal epilepsy group was reported to be 9.17 (4.49) higher than that of the GTCS group with a rate of 8.09 (5.04), but this difference was not significant. also, the findings showed that there was a significant relationship between the status of the PEDT score, the status of the SQOL-M score, and the MSH score (p < 0.05). MSHQ score and SQOL-M score were reported to be lower in patients with PE disorder.
Conclusion According to the findings, the prevalence of sexual disorders including PE in both groups of patients with epilepsy is significant. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to reduce the rate of PE in these patients.
Analysis of the Molecular Profile of Melanoma Brain Metastases using Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Arruda Shiro Manoel Shimoakoishi de , Suzuki Sergio Hideki , Lucio Jose Erasmo Dal Col , Saruwatari Robson Tadashi , Silva Vinicius Trindade Gomes da , Veiga Raphael Esteves , Neto Anibal Rodrigues , Marcilio Eloah Silva 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBrain metastases from melanoma represent an advanced and aggressive form of the disease. Understanding their molecular characteristics is crucial for improving diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. The main objectives of this study were to identify and characterize molecular alterations present in brain metastases from melanoma and to clinically correlate them. The clinical-epidemiological information was anonymously and retrospectively obtained. Brain metastases from melanoma were collected through surgical biopsies, which were processed and analyzed using immunohistochemical markers. A total of 132 samples were initially selected, resulting in 8 samples of metastatic melanoma in the brain region included in this analysis. Regarding the frequency of immunohistochemical markers in brain samples of melanoma metastasis, 75% showed positive BRAF V600R, 62% contained positive SOX10, 37% positive HMB45, and 25% positive Melan-A. Regarding the location, 4 of them were in the frontal lobe, 3 in the parietal lobe, and 1 in the cerebellum. Among the samples, 87.5% originated from the supratentorial region of the brain, while 12.5% came from the infratentorial region. At the time, half of the patients were under 65 years old, with a significant proportion of 25% of individuals being below 40 years old. Moreover, 87.5% had two or more brain lesions at the time of diagnosis. Among the 12.5% that comprised the single lesion group at the time of analysis, the frontal lobe location stands out. The findings indicate heterogeneity among tumors and metastases in different anatomical locations. Further investigations are needed to validate these findings and elucidate their clinical applicability.
Absolute magneto-optical measurement of magnetic field on a long pulse high electrical current driven solenoid
Authors: Owens Israel , Ulmen Ben , Vigil Kenny , Lucero Larry , Lamppa Derek , Grabowski Chris 
Published: December 2024

We describe a direct absolute magneto-optical approach to measuring the magnetic field driven by long pulse width (&gt;5 ms) and high electrical current (∼kA) in a solenoidal coil. The magnetic field and electrical current are among the most important operating parameters in lightning research and electrical power distribution and are essential to understanding the properties of the radiation output in pulsed energy accelerators as well as other research platforms. However, accurately measuring these magnetic fields and electrical currents using conventional electrical diagnostics is difficult due to the strength of ionizing radiation and electromagnetic interference. Our approach uses a fiber coupled laser beam with a rare earth element material sensing crystal that is highly resistant to electromagnetic interference, allows for absolute measurement, and does not require an external calibration. Here, we focus on device theory, operating parameters, magneto-optical results from an experiment on a high current solenoid, and comparison with a calculation of the magnetic field and reference electrical current flowing downstream of the solenoid.
Structural and Physical Properties of the Heavy Fermion Metal Ce2NiAl6Si5
Authors: Zhang Jiawen , Wu Jinyu , Chen Ye , Li Rui , Smidman Michael , Liu Yu , Song Yu , Yuan Huiqiu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Strongly correlated electrons at the verge of quantum criticality give rise to unconventional phases of matter and behaviors, with the discovery of new quantum-critical materials driving synergistic experimental and theoretical advances. In this paper, we report the structural and physical properties of a new quaternary Ce-based heavy fermion compound, Ce2NiAl6Si5, which was synthesized via the self-flux method. This compound forms a layered tetragonal structure (space group P4/nmm) with square nets of Ce atoms separated by Si-Al or Ni-Si-Ge layers. Specific heat measurements show a low-temperature Sommerfeld coefficient of 1.4 J/mol-Ce⋅K2 with reduced entropy, indicative of significant Kondo interactions. Below 0.6 K, an increase in resistivity and a deviation in magnetic susceptibility suggest the appearance of magnetic ordering or the development of dynamic magnetic correlations, which is further supported by a bulge in the specific heat around 0.4 K. The findings of this study suggest that Ce2NiAl6Si5 is a layered heavy fermion metal naturally located near a spin-density-wave quantum critical point.
Solitons in the Fifth-Order KdV Equation with a Perturbation
Authors: Li Wentao , Chen Yipu , Zhang Zhao , Yang Xiangyu , Li Biao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The fifth-order KdV equation with a perturbation term is naturally consistent with the shallow-water wave model. In this study, the leading-order asymptotic solution of the perturbed fifth-order KdV equation was derived using the multi-scale perturbation expansion method. Furthermore, the asymptotic solution was reconsidered from the perspective of conservation laws, and consistent results were obtained. In addition, the numerical solution of the slowly varying solitary wave asymptotic solution was obtained using the Fourier spectral method under appropriate initial conditions to better understand its dynamic behavior. These results enrich research on fluid dynamics.
Wavelet packet transformation-based improved acoustic emission method for structural damage identification
Authors: Barbosh Mohamed , Sadhu Ayan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Acoustic emission (AE) technique has emerged as a sophisticated nondestructive testing technique that plays a crucial role in detecting and localizing damage in structures. This paper proposes a damage visualization approach by leveraging the classical signal decomposition capabilities of Wavelet Packet Transformation (WPT) and the classification abilities of the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). First, WPT decomposes AE signals acquired from the instrumented structure at different loading stages. The coordinates (e.g. x and y) of AE events identified by the localization model using denoised AE components obtained from WPT are then determined. The extracted coordinates are used in the GMM model to visualize the location of the damage during the intermediate and final loading stages. The proposed method is validated using a suite of lab-scale experimental studies of concrete beams. The study compares the outcomes of the proposed method with those obtained from a traditional digital image correlation (DIC) system for both intermediate and final stages of damage. The results indicate that the proposed framework effectively visualizes the locations of various types of damage, such as flexural and shear cracks, at an early stage compared to the DIC. This demonstrates the proposed method’s capability to be a reliable tool for early damage localization and visualization in concrete structures.