bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alienated Affections
Authors: Krivulskaya Suzanna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Henry Ward Beecher’s 1875 trial was the most infamous pastoral sex scandal of the nineteenth century. When women’s rights activist Victoria Woodhull published an exposé of Beecher’s private life, the nation faced a crisis of confidence in one of its most sacred institutions. Beecher embodied a certain kind of Protestant respectability, and his moral failings had the potential to undermine Christianity’s authority on matters of family and sexuality. The question of Beecher’s innocence or guilt divided the nation and caused a reckoning with whether Protestant pastors posed a threat to the sanctity of the family unit. The case also propelled extensive internal negotiations within the press about whether journalists could discuss the scandal in print and what the coverage would mean for the reputation of Protestantism. In the end, the scandal emboldened the press to scrutinize the private proclivities of all manner of religious leaders—both fringe and mainstream.
Queer Silences
Authors: Krivulskaya Suzanna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The mid-twentieth century saw a curious paucity of Protestant sex scandals in the press. By then, Christian leaders invented better ways of keeping their scandals secret. Yet traces of evidence of ongoing sexual improprieties among the nation’s religious leaders survive. As fundamentalist elites shielded fellow pastors from well-substantiated reports of sexual deviance, lesser-known ministers experimented with avoiding the consequences of their actions by switching denominations and moving churches to erase any trace of scandal. The ruptures of the midcentury allowed conservative white Protestants in particular to build coalitions organized around common political commitments, which in turn enabled them to protect each other from scandal’s reach.
Public Relations
Authors: Krivulskaya Suzanna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The political scandals of the 1970s and 1980s rearticulated the need for the press to serve as the watchdog at all levels of national leadership, and public interest in the intimate affairs of Protestant pastors was revived. Gratuitously lavish lifestyles flaunted by a new generation of televangelists pushed investigative reporters to look into their financial and sexual ethics. Celebrity ministers Billy James Hargis, Jim Bakker, and Jimmy Swaggart were each accused of sexual improprieties and turned to various strategies for survival: ranging from obfuscation to confession. These preachers’ downfalls led to an all-time low public opinion of organized religion and undermined the nation’s trust in the character and intentions of the most zealous crusaders of the age. Still, all three men were able to return to the public stage and resume their ministries—raising questions about whether somewhere in the course of the twentieth century scandal lost its potency as an instrument of censure.
Heroes and Stalin Cult Films
Authors: Titus Joan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Chapter 6 (“Heroes and Stalin Cult Films”) provides an examination of Shostakovich’s scores to Stalin cult films and a biopic: Fall of Berlin (Padyeniye Berlina, dir. Mikheil Chiaureli, 1949), Belinsky (dir. Grigory Kozintsev, 1950, rel. 1953), and Unforgettable Year 1919 (Nezabïvayemïy 1919, dir. Mikheil Chiaureli, 1952). It contains analyses of excess in the scores to the Stalin cult films (Fall of Berlin and Unforgettable Year 1919), particularly in relation to gender and the Soviet Man, race/ethnicity, and nation; and a neo-romantic musical representation of a famed literary figure in Belinsky. Examinations of these scores demonstrates how Shostakovich musically navigated Stalin’s representation on film and created his score to the last Stalinist biopic.
Appalachia
Authors: Borasky Stacey 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter critically examines prevailing stereotypes about Appalachia perpetuated by works such as J. D. Vance’s Hillbilly Elegy. As a West Virginia native and social worker, the author challenges misconceptions and emphasizes the diversity, resilience, and strong values of the people who live in Appalachia. The chapter discusses the complexities of social work practice in the region by sharing personal experiences, unique aspects of rural practice, and the pivotal role of government. The chapter makes the case that effective social work practice requires human and cultural understanding, letting go of harmful myths and stereotypes, and fostering genuine connections and solidarity with the people of Appalachia.
Down a Rocky Road
Authors: Daley Michael R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Social workers are often educated in urban models of practice, and much, if not all, of their practice and field experiences enforce these urban centric models. This chapter presents the narrative of the author who began as an urban-raised and -educated person and spent the early years of professional practice in an exclusively urban setting. It details the slow and often challenging transition to rural social work and incorporating a rural cultural perspective into practice. The narrative observes that rural social work is not confined to small communities but, rather, is found in large cities because when rural people move, they do not abandon their culture. This argues for better understanding of rural people, their beliefs, and their contributions and suggests that social work education should better prepare students for an understanding of rural culture and how to incorporate that into practice. The chapter concludes that social workers can transition into good rural practitioners even if they are not from rural backgrounds, but such transition may take some self-education. It presents several lessons that can be learned along the way.
Working With Latino Day Laborers in Rural Communities
Authors: Cordova Wilma 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Rural communities can pose mental health challenges for Latino day laborers (LDLs) as they attempt to obtain and navigate specialized mental health services while acclimating to a new country. This is especially true for those who do not know the customs and language in the United States. Mental health services are necessary for migrant workers because they live in constant fear and experience many hardships. This chapter discusses the barriers that LDLs face living as immigrants in areas where they are not always welcome, as well as the strengths they exhibit. It also discusses and provides practical social work strategies and tactics for both the novice and seasoned social worker.
Of Square Pegs and Round Holes
Authors: Daley Michael R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The rural environment plays a significant role in influencing peoples’ behavior, and the understanding of rural people in their environment is especially critical to engage in effective social work with them. The chapter discusses elements of the rural environment at multiple systems, including micro-, mezzo-, and macro-level influences on individual and collective behavior. The types of influences on rural people that are important for social workers to consider include unique languages, values, and collective norms that may affect the nature of the professional relationship. A clear understanding of these elements of rural behavior is essential to effective engagement with clients, assessment of problems, and implementation of intervention methods. It is also important to engage community resources and work with them effectively to address individual and community problems. Examples of rural language, values, and behavior are provided and discussed in terms of how these may affect social workers in carrying out their professional duties.
Rural Housing and Homelessness
Authors: Daley Michael R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses issues regarding rural housing and homelessness in small communities in the United States. Housing concerns and homelessness are more easily recognized in urban areas; the social problems they cause for rural communities are less well known. The availability of quality, affordable housing is crucial to individuals and families on limited incomes. Without affordable housing, the cost of housing consumes so much income that other basic human needs may have to go unmet. Substandard housing can be hazardous, and in communities with a shortage of quality housing, substandard housing may be the only option for a place to live. For years, the rate of building new rural housing units has not met demand. Residents in rural areas tend to have lower incomes, rural housing tends to be older, there are more substandard dwelling units, and there are fewer housing options. These factors contribute to people having to pay higher rents for substandard housing, divert income from essentials such as food and health care, live in overcrowded living conditions, and make frequent moves; they also lead to increased homelessness. Rural homelessness is frequently overlooked because it appears different from urban homelessness. And rural communities have few services for the homeless. The social work interventions suggested in this chapter are development of community partnerships and educating to increase acceptance to apply for state and federal housing grants to improve or renovate substandard housing units.
Ingram in the 1560s
Authors: Snow Dean 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
David Ingram grew up in Barking, England, now a suburb of London. He was a child during the tumultuous reign of Henry VIII, and he came of age during the religious strife of his reign and those of Henry’s daughter Mary I and her half-sister Elizabeth I. Elizabeth was initially against slavery, but she warmed to the practice as she came to understand its financial benefits. John Hawkins became Elizabeth’s slaver, making his first voyage to Africa and then to Spanish colonies around the Caribbean Sea in 1564–1565. There he illegally sold enslaved Africans to colonists using a combination of threats, bribes, and violence. He made a second voyage in 1564, on which David Ingram was probably a crewman. In 1567 Hawkins set out on his third voyage, this time with a flagship, the Jesus of Lübeck, on loan from Queen Elizabeth. This time David Ingram was certainly aboard as a crewman, and his extraordinary journey began when the fleet left Plymouth.
Ingram in Africa
Authors: Snow Dean 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
John Hawkins’s fleet of slaving ships reach Sierra Leone after a stormy voyage by way of the Canary Islands. Ingram was impressed by the people of West Africa. He described their environment, resources, and customs in sympathetic terms. Although he was probably not fully literate, Ingram had a natural historian’s interest in the cultures, technology, botany, and zoology of West Africa. Surviving documents clearly show that Ingram began the story of his extraordinary journey with his observations in Africa. Hawkins organized the enslavement of hundreds of Africans by siding with the winners of a local war. After filling his cargo holds with the captured people, he took his fleet westward across the Atlantic to the Caribbean Sea.
The Return: Autumn 1569
Authors: Snow Dean 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The evidence indicates that Ingram and his companions had reached the northeastern end of the North American trail system in central Maine, and that they continued by birchbark canoe. The Penobscots helped the three men get to the town Ingram called Guinda, the farthest north they reached in their long journey. There, on the St. Johns River, the people signed to them that a European ship was anchored at the river’s mouth on the Bay of Fundy. They paddled downstream and found the French ship Gargarine there. Captain Champaign agreed to take them back to France after completing some trading with the local people. After a stop at Newfoundland, the ship crossed the Atlantic to La Havre. From there the three men easily found transportation back to England as winter set in. An astonished John Hawkins greeted them and gave each a substantial reward.
Milestones
Authors: Ghyoot Mathias 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter documents how the imprisoned Brothers, in the years 1949–1951, carried on their social, political, and educational activities behind bars in two main prison camps: first at Camp Huckstep, and later, at Camp Ṭūr. The chapter not only emphasizes the organizational capacities of the incarcerated Brothers, but also highlights the cultural production that the prison ordeal triggered in the Brothers as they attempted to make sense of the abrupt downturn in their fortunes. Despite their ability to preserve their organization inside the camps, the Brothers would, in 1949, witness four major events that increasingly challenged their unity, and which will be addressed in this chapter: (1) the assassination of the Prime Minister, Maḥmūd al-Nuqrāshī; (2) the transfer of the Brothers to the remote Camp Ṭūr; (3) the assassination of their General Guide, Ḥasan al-Bannā; and (4) the emergence of a divide between the rebellious young cadres and a nonconfrontational leadership over the question of the recourse to political violence in Egypt.
The Great Retreat
Authors: Kuo Didi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Great Retreat: How Political Parties Should Behave and Why They Don’t examines political parties as an institution central to democracy. It provides a defense of parties, and argues that to strengthen democracy, we need stronger parties. It provides a history of the relationship of parties to democracy, showing how parties shaped democratic governance, socialized citizens into politics, and created effective representative institutions. The Great Retreat traces the decline of the mass organization party and the rising pressures on parties in a neoliberal era. It also shows how parties historically mediated democratic capitalism, arguing that their contemporary inability to do so has furthered democratic backsliding. Drawing lessons from party development in other regions of the world, including Europe and Latin America, this book argues for a comparative approach to understanding American political parties. It cautions against the antiparty sentiment in democracies today, arguing that stronger parties have the potential to renew democracy.
Building the Party
Authors: Kuo Didi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a history of party-building in an era of the mass organization party. While parties began as legislative factions in limited democracies, they developed new organizational capacities as suffrage expanded. Through the expansion of local party offices, political parties conducted elections, mobilized voters, and maintained party loyalty. In the advanced democracies, political parties grew their memberships through the provision of services and social policies. Parties were embedded with civil society, and their infrastructure was linked to associations and labor unions. As patterns of civic and political participation changed in the late twentieth century, growing more nationalized and less reliant on direct supporters, the relationship of parties to voters also weakened.
Selling the Party
Authors: Kuo Didi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter traces the development of a politics industry, and its contribution to the nationalization of campaigns and partisan polarization, with a focus on the United States. It looks at communications and campaign technologies as well as deregulation of campaign finance in the nineteen-nineties and early eighties. As parties have invested more resources in the data game of campaigns, they have outsourced many other functions---including mobilization, representation, and interest articulation---to non-party groups, which weakens the ability of parties to govern effectively. This chapter also provides a recent history of campaign finance, and explains how the decentralization of campaign finance makes it harder for parties to manage insurgent candidates.
Strategies for Involving Emerging Adults with Participatory Action Research
Authors: Raza Syeda S. , Katsiaficas Dalal 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Emerging adults are coming of age at a time when many are on the front lines of various youth movements calling for racial, economic, immigration, and climate justice. As such, providing emerging adults with opportunities to serve as co-researchers about issues relevant to their lived experiences can promote social transformation and empowerment. Therefore, the purpose of this chapter is to illustrate the ways in which emerging adults’ voices and needs, particularly those at the margins, can be centered through Participatory Action Research (PAR) frameworks. Strategies and recommendations to include emerging adults through each step of the research design, analysis, and dissemination processes are discussed and relevant examples are provided.
Qualitative Data Collection Strategies for the Study of Emerging Adults
Authors: Schwab Joseph R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the options available for collecting qualitative data in research on emerging adulthood. Four main types of qualitative data are identified: interview data, observational data, visual data, and public data. With each type, a brief history is provided, guidelines for how to collect that type of data are offered, and examples from published emerging adult research that collected that type of data are presented. Meta-theoretical considerations integral to these methodological decisions are also discussed, including the major ontological and epistemological assumptions inherent in the most widely used qualitative research traditions. Many other how-to books and articles are referenced throughout to provide the novice qualitative researcher with further information, elaboration, and guidelines. The hope is that researchers new to qualitative methods find this chapter informative as a helpful first step in their journeys as qualitative researchers.
Measuring Emerging Adults’ Daily Life
Authors: Harald Gmelin Jan-Ole , Kunnen E. Saskia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter aims to provide guidance on how to conceptualize “intensive” longitudinal studies that capture participants’ daily lives at multiple times over (relatively) short intervals. Such methods are especially valuable for research questions concerning the emergence, change, and stability of specific phenomena, such as identity within individuals over time. This is relevant in emerging adulthood, which sees fast changes with often important life-long outcomes. The chapter outlines key decisions that researchers must make when designing such studies, including the formulation of a research question; the choice of a timescale; operationalization of the intensive measure of the phenomenon under study; choosing an assessment method and the choice for a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods design; choosing a sample size; and selecting participants and building a relationship. Rather than advocating for a particular methodology, the chapter provides examples of studies and a detailed case study to illustrate these decisions.
Studying Emerging Adulthood with a Crowd
Authors: Grahe Jon E. , Lee Seungyeon , Obeid Rita , McFall Joseph , Fagan Jessica 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter presents practical examples and makes recommendations about studying emerging adulthood using crowd-sourced research approaches. Examples are drawn from three studies (one ongoing) to assess the Emerging Adulthood Measured at Multiple Institutions project. Spanning 20 years, it is one of the earliest crowd-sourcing research projects in psychology; these studies offer lessons based on findings and the trials and errors in managing them. In addition to reviewing each study and its implications, this chapter discusses the management of crowd-sourcing projects, including administration and project management. Ideally, readers will gain an understanding of the most realistic way to study emerging adulthood with a crowd.
Best Practices in Structural Equation Modeling with Cross-Sectional, Emerging Adult Data
Authors: Ferreira Tiago , Nunes Filipa , Mena Matos Paula 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Structural equation modeling (SEM) refers to a family of related procedures commonly applied in research with emerging adults. As the methodology of SEM is constantly evolving, up-to-date guidelines for building and testing SEM models are always needed. This chapter provides a basic introduction to SEM and an overview of the best practices for building and testing models on cross-sectional data. It presents practical guidelines for emerging adulthood researchers, focusing on the general steps that comprise the SEM analysis process. In doing so, it discusses the essential steps of SEM: model specification, identification, estimation, and evaluation. The chapter adopts a non-technical language and hands-on approach, providing examples of studies with real data to illustrate the use of SEM to investigate specific research questions in emerging adulthood. Additionally, this chapter provides a list of resources for further understanding SEM and the extensions of SEM.
Identifying Meaningful Groups of Emerging Adults
Authors: Christiaens Annabelle H. T. , Nelemans Stefanie A. , Branje Susan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the use of latent class analysis and latent profile analysis in both cross-sectional and longitudinal research in emerging adulthood. Latent class analysis and latent profile analysis are statistical techniques for identifying unobserved subgroups of individuals within a sample that share similar characteristics. This chapter serves as a guide through these analyses by providing some background information on latent class analysis and latent profile analysis, a step-by-step procedure for conducting latent class analysis and latent profile analysis, and some critical notes on the use of latent class analysis and latent profile analysis. Moreover, this chapter provides a list of resources for further reading on latent class analysis /latent profile analysis and their extensions.
Conclusion
Authors: Miller Brian J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Chapter 9 summarizes how evangelicals came to embrace the American suburbs and discusses five takeaways from the book: fully understanding evangelicals requires analyzing the suburbs they have often made home; interest in how evangelicals engage with race and ethnicity, social class, and gender should account for how these have been shaped by and lived out in suburban contexts; the in-betweenness of suburbs – between large cities and more rural areas – and evangelicals wanting to engage society but maintain their distinct beliefs, behaviors, and belonging puts evangelicals in a unique position of interacting with other social actors and places; evangelicals would benefit from deeper social and theological thought and study about suburbs and places; and understanding religion and place requires adding choices and responses to places from religious groups in addition to theories of religious groups seeking niches and resources, and uneven development patterns shaping places.