bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation, identification and evaluation of Lactic acid synthesis of bacteria in traditional fermented products in Vietnam
Authors: Ong B N , Lam T D , Le T L , Nguyen T C , Tran Thi B H , Phan T M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, many food products are promoted as being particularly healthy due to the characteristics of certain strains of lactic acid bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) play a vital role in different fields, including food, pharmacy due to their benefit for young children, pregnant women and the elderly. LAB is one of the most significant groups of microorganisms used in food fermentations. They improve the flavour and texture of fermented foods. Moreover, LAB kills food spoilage bacteria by developing growth-inhibiting compounds. In this study, seven strains of LAB were isolated from traditional fermented products in VietNamm including fermented rice, kimchi, and yoghurt. Moreover, LAB isolated was identified by amplification and sequencing of 16s rDNA gene. The isolated strains were Lactobacillus plantarum (M2 and M7), Lactobacillus paracasei (M4), Lactobacillus sakei (M10), Leuconostoc mesenteroides (M15), Lactobacillus curvatus (M17), Lactobacillus delbruekii sub sp. (M19). Cultural characteristics of M1 and M7 surface colony are 2mm wide, raised, smooth and white on MRS agar. The morphology of the colonies M4 and M10 is rounded, smooth, light yellow. Nevertheless, M4 and M10 are quite different in colour, white and light yellow, respectively. Moreover, M15 colonies are convex, with flat edges, smooth, semitransparent. M17 and M19 are small, normally rough and non-pigment. Acid lactic content produced by the isolated strains determined by spectral absorbance at 390 nm with FeCl3 (0.2%), was highest in M2 strain (37.814g/l), followed by M17 (32.357g/l), M19 (27.336g/l), M4 (20.853g/l), M10 (9.408g/l), M7 (8.864g/l), and M15 (6.645g/l). In this study, the highest lactic acid content produced was M2 stain (Lactobacillus plantarum) and the lowest was M15 (Leuconostoc mesenteroides).
Multifunctional catalyst of Cu/ZnO and molecular sieve for low temperature CO2 conversion to methanol
Authors: Boonamnuay T , Kim-Lohsoontorn P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) conversion to methanol is a promising way to mitigated CO2 emission. the Cu/ZnO catalyst applied with molecular sieves was tested on alcohol assisted methanol synthesis at 423 K and 5 MPa. The Cu/ZnO was synthesized by coprecipitation at optimal parameters (precipitation temperature = 333 K, pH = 8) in two different aging time (30min and 1h). The formation of Cu/ZnO was confirmed by XRD technique. The physiochemical properties of Cu/ZnO were analysed by SEM-EDX, N2-adsorption and desorption, and H2-TPR. the Cu/ZnO_1h with a longer aging time showed a larger specific surface area (100.58 m2/gcat) and well dispersion. The effect of molecular sieve was investigated. The molecular sieve only adsorbed the target compounds and did not involve as catalyst in the reaction. Methanol yield increased from 8.5% to 33.6% when Cu/ZnO was loaded with molecular sieve 3Å. The adsorption of water shifted the reaction equilibrium toward to more methanol yield. In contrast, when Cu/ZnO with molecular sieve 5Å was used, methanol yield decreased to 4%. It was likely that methanol product was adsorbed by molecular sieve 5Å and was separated from ethyl acetate which is a by-product.
Cross metathesis of plant oil: A mini review on reaction condition and catalysis
Authors: Thangavel M , Chin S Y 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The extensive use of the renewable plant oil-derived polyols could be hindered by its low hydroxyl value owing to the oil saturation level and structural limitations. In recent years, olefin cross-metathesis has turn out to be one of the attractive methods to overcome this constraint by redistributing alkenes fragments and regenerating carbon-carbon double bonds in the plant oil. The product distribution of the cross-metathesis of plant oil is significantly influenced by the types of catalysts and olefin as well as reaction conditions. Accordingly, dissimilar from the extensive reviews on the types of bio-based feedstocks and catalysts for cross metathesis, this article evaluates in specific the operating condition of cross-metathesising the plant oils using different olefins and catalysts, aiming to identify the future research avenues in developing a more technical feasible process to value add the plant oil. It is anticipated that the product yield resulted from the cross-metathesis of another potential feedstocks, the palm oil could be increased within a practical timeframe using 1-propene or 1-octene with a temperature not more than 60 °C and catalyst loading in ppm level.
An optimal water regeneration, reuse and resource recovery network integrating domestic and industrial sources
Authors: Misrol M A , Wan Alwi S R , Lim J S , Manan Z A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Implementation of reduce, reuse, recycle strategies are pertinent to ensure sustainability. There are studies to minimize freshwater reduction via mathematical modelling method. However, study to explore possibilities of combining both domestic and industrial wastewater regeneration, reuse, and resource recovery in a centralised facility is yet to be made. This study develops a mathematical model that could provide optimal water regeneration and reuse network that also be capable to produce biogas from the selected wastewater streams. The main objective is to maximize profit from the network established. A superstructure that consists of sources, outsource, freshwater, mixers-demands, and biogas systems is developed. A combination of the sources, regenerated sources, outsource water, and freshwater is performed in the mixers. The multi integer non-linear programming (MINLP) model is optimized by BARON solver in General Algebraic Modelling System (GAMS) software. The case study result shows that freshwater water saving is 42% and 377 kW of electricity can be generated from the biogas produced. This offers possibilities to consider the idea of the centralised wastewater facility that considers water regeneration, reuse, and resource recovery for both domestic and industrials sources, as the Eco-Industrial Park (EIP) may serve as the suitable platform.
Study on septic sludge utilization to coordinate with agricultural wastes to produce compost fertilizer
Authors: Tran T , Hong L T A , Kieu N T T , Le D A , Tuong L Q , Tan L V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
IVietnam, little attention is being paid to the management and treatment of septic tank sludge to take advantage of the number of nutrients in this available resource. This paper presents the potentials and performance of the compost production on the mixing of septic tank sludge and agricultural residues as coffee husk, coconut husk, peat. It added supplementary by 5% bioproducts of Trichoderma sp and 30 ml of molasses in 45days. The results showed the highest quality compost, being mixes of septic tank sludge and coffee husks with total N = 4.01%, total P = 0.41%, total K2O = 3.68% and accepting for the Vietnam standards of fertilizer regulations, resulted also illustrated that E.coli concentration in septic tank sludge sample decreased 2.5 - 3.3 times compared to the previous sample. The second one, the composting efficiency was surveyed on the growth of green mustard plant during 31 days by basal fertilizing and top dressing of this compost at 10 days. The growth of the green mustard plant showed the high compost efficiency septic tank sludge and coffee husk based on 28.21cm of height and 62.5g / plant weight. Especially, NT4 combining from septic tank waste, coffee husk with chemical fertilizers was a good formula by getting the best result in all treatment by combined of compost and chemical fertilizer was at the top dressing period, seems the high compost efficiency in helping Brassica juncea grow well by growing green mustard, being 31.25cm of height and 95.83g / plant weight.
Study on the zeta potential effect of Artocarpus heterophyllus natural-based coagulant in wastewater treatment
Authors: Priyatharishini M , Mokhtar N M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The application of chemical coagulants which is damaging to environment and human health has triggered to the exploration of new coagulants from natural based sources. This study emphasized on the performance of a treatment process to remove particles in the synthetic domestic wastewater by coagulation using Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit) peel extract and evaluation of zeta potential (ζ). The measurement of zeta potential which is the criteria defining the electrostatic interaction between pollutants and natural coagulant agent is used in proposing mechanism of coagulation. The jar test experiment was carried out and the treated wastewater was analysed to determine reduction in turbidity, BOD, COD and TSS. The coagulant extracts were characterized in terms of surface charge. The best operating conditions were: pH 2 and dosage 60 mg/L. The corresponding removal efficiencies for turbidity, TSS, COD and BOD were 80 %, 70 %, 46 % and 20 % respectively. The measured zeta potential of the coagulant was -25.2 mV at its original pH, 6.95. On the other hand, the surface charge of synthetic wastewater was positive at pH 2 and later turned to be negative as the pH is increased up to pH 12. This best describes that jackfruit peel coagulant possessed the characteristic of anionic polyelectrolytes which involves bridging mechanism. The results obtained here suggest that coagulation using Artocarpus heterophyllus peel extract can be employed as an effective and low-cost preliminary technique in wastewater treatment process.
Formulation and antioxidant properties of curcumin gum Arabic nanoparticles for delivery to cancer cells
Authors: Hassani A , Hussain S A , Enezei H H , Saeed S , Ibrahim W N , Al-Qubaisi M S , Zentou H , Rosli R , Doolaanea A A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Curcumin nanoparticles (Cur/GANPs) were formulated based on gum arabic (GA) as a stabilizer coatings for nanoparticles through efficient synthesis approach. The current study investigated the antioxidant properties and antihypertensive activity of curcumin (Cur) using various established in vitro assays, such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as well as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. The in vitro cytotoxicity of Cur/GANPs against human liver cancer (HepG2), and colon cancer (HT29) was investigated. The exposure of human cancer cells to Cur/GANPs (1.56-100 µg/ml) using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) has revealed that the Cur/GANPs inhibited the growth of cell lines examined in a dose dependent manner. Hence, Cur/GANPs nanoparticles may have great potential to be applied for cancer treatment.
Investigation of carbonization process parameters to manage Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica) in the UK
Authors: Cheok Q , Kuenzel C , Smith S R , Fowler G D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica) is an invasive and destructive floral species in the UK. It causes a significant problem to natural and built environments. Stems and/or rhizomes need to be burned before disposal in order to prevent further propagation [1]. This process has a high carbon footprint and a decrease is favored. Hence, carbonization of Japanese knotweed into char, bio-oil and syngas has been proposed. In this paper, carbonization has been demonstrated to be possible. Japanese knotweed can be separated into 2 main parts: stems and rhizomes. Both parts were characterized for their chemical, physical & thermal properties and subsequently carbonized between 300 to 800°C with the duration held for 1h and 2h. It was found that stable carbonization parameters occurred at 600°C with duration of 1h. At higher temperatures, no further formation of char, oil or gas occurred. The calorific values for Japanese knotweed stem char and bio-oil were 31.2 MJ kg−1 and 13.7 MJ kg−1, respectively, whereas those for Japanese knotweed rhizomes char and bio-oil were 31.7 MJ kg−1 and 23.3 MJ kg−1, respectively. Carbonization may therefore, be a viable bio-fuel option for the management of Japanese knotweed.
Kinetic Model of Moisture Diffusivity in Soursop Leaves (Annona muricata L.) by Convection Drying
Authors: Nhi T T Y , Thinh P V , Vu N D , Bay N T , Tho N T M , Quyen N N , Truc T T 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Tea is considered to be a product that brings health benefits. The drying process showed high efficiency in processing this product. However, the process of moisture is not qdequately controlled, resulting in wasted energy in the drying process. The dynamics of the drying process of soursop leaves and the effect of temperature on the process speed were assessed in the present study. Five models (Newton, Henderson and Pabis, Page, Logarithmic, and Weibull) were used to determine the suitable drying dynamic at temperatures of 50°C, 55°C, 60°C and 65°C. The mechanism of the processing is based on the principle of dehumidification of the convection drying system with hot air, which caused the moisture inside the material to move outwards. The results showed that the drying temperature is directly proportional to the drying rate of the process, as the increase in drying temperaturefrom 50°C to 65°C produced the link breaking energy and heating thatleads to evaporation. Dehumidification rate depends on the temperature, change in Deff value as 1 x (RTa) -1 from from 9,264 95 × 10−9 m/s2 to 9.76485 × 10−9 m/s2. Page model with determination coefficient R2> 0.99 was found to be the most suitable model for experimental data.
Bare Conductive® role as filler in mechanical and electrical reinforcement of polyvinyl alcohol-based strain sensor
Authors: Abu Kasim N F , Idris W F W , Yusoh K , Ismail Z 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a water-soluble polymer typically suited for food and biomedical applications. However, its non-conductive properties limit PVA potential as material in electronic or sensor-based devices. In order to enhance the electrical as well as mechanical properties of PVA, Bare Conductive ® (BC) paste was incorporated into PVA solution using solution intercalation method. It is discovered that the addition of BC could enhance the mechanical and electrical properties of PVA. The tensile test data showed that the presence of carbon black in BC had resulted in the tensile stress improvement at about 50-170 % as compared to that of the original value. On the other hand, the electrical conductivity of PVA/BC composite film at a higher wt% had demonstrated a significant increment in resistance/length ratio (1.86 kΩ/cm at 0.2 wt%BC).
Preparation of Tamanu Oil Nanoemulsions by Phase Inversion Temperature
Authors: Pham D H , Nguyen T T 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this study, the phase inversion temperature (PIT) method was used to prepare a stable tamanu oil nanoemulsion at the lowest surfactant content. The factors affecting the formation of nanoemulsions such as type of surfactant, surfactant to oil ratio (SOR), and water content were investigated. The results showed that Tween 80 is suitable for making a stable nanoemulsion. The SOR is more than or equal to 1.5:1 produced emulsions with particle size less than 100 nm. The particle size decreased as SOR, and water content increased. A higher quantity of surfactant caused higher turbulence and affinity towards the aqueous phase, resulting in smaller droplets. Decreasing droplet size by increasing water content may result from a decreased viscosity of the surfactant at the interface that promotes fluidity and the easy movement of the oil phase towards the aqueous phase. The SOR of 3:1 and water content of 80% were selected due to cost, taste, and toxicity concerns. The impact of storage condition on nanoemulsion stability was also investigated. After one month, samples were stored in the refrigerator had an insignificant increase in absorbance. Particle size analysis also showed a similar result (< 20 nm).
The Kinetic Model of Essential Oil Hydrodistillation from Turmeric (Curcuma longa)
Authors: Pham D H , Le H H N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Turmeric is commonly used as a spice, food preservative, coloring agent, and medicine. Turmeric essential oil (EO) is effective in acne treatment, skin lightening, anti-aging, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory. In this study, the kinetic model evaluates variable conditions that affect the hydrodistillation (HD) process. The HD method was chosen because it is easy for industrial-scale applications. The significant HD parameters, including turmeric-water ratio (TWR), heating oil temperature (HOT), and distillation time, were investigated. The highest yield (6.72%) was achieved under the following conditions: the turmeric-water ratio of 1:5, heating oil temperature of 150°C, and distillation time of 4 hours. There have been no studies on the kinetic model of essential oil extraction from turmeric by hydrodistillation. Therefore, three kinetic models were proposed to test for compatibility. The results showed that the two-site desorption model had a better fit than other models. The TWR and HOT had a more significant impact on the cell and tissue alteration of oil glands than the diffusion of essential oil.
Yield and Composition Analysis of Vietnamese Lemon (Citrus aurantifolia) Essential Oils Obtained from Hydrodistillation and Microwave-assisted Hydrodistillation
Authors: Ngo T C Q , Tran T K N , Dao T P , Tran T H , Ngo H D , Huynh X P , Tran T T , Mai H C 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this study, the essential oils from lemon (Citrus aurantifolia) peels were extracted using hydrodistillation and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation and their volatile compositions were compared via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MHD) achieved the oil yield of 2.48% at microwave power of 470W and extraction time of 60 min. The yield obtained using conventional hydrodistillation (HD) was 2.2% at 90 min at 120 °C. GC-MS analysis revealed a total of 17 and 8 components existing in the oil samples produced by MHD and HD methods respectively. The main components shared by both samples were limonene, α-pinene, β-pinene, β-cymene, ocimene, and sabinene. Overall, these results suggest that MHD could produce lemon (Citrus aurantifolia) peels essential oil at a higher yield within a shortened period of time as compared to the traditional HD, thus it could be used as an alternative for HD to reduce costs of the extraction process.
Optimization of genetic algorithm parameter in hybrid genetic algorithm-neural network modelling: Application to spray drying of coconut milk
Authors: Ming J L K , Taip F S , Anuar M S , Noor S B M , Abdullah Z 
Published: December 2020

AbstractApplication of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) are to provide an accurate model of the spray drying system. In this study, a comparative study is performed between ANN and GA enhanced ANN to estimate their abilities in emulating the spray drying process of coconut milk powder under restricted parameters. The GA parameter is optimized through response surface methodology (RSM). Through RSM, GA parameter such as population size, mutation and crossover are optimized and is used for the development of GA-ANN network. The optimized GA parameters values are at maximum population size (100), minimum crossover rate (0.2) and maximum mutation rate (1.0). The optimized GA parameters is then applied in the development of the GA-ANN network as the networks applied genetic algorithm to determine the initial weights in its neural network. Both models are then compared by placing importance of highest correlation of determination (R2) and lowest mean square error (MSE) values. The results have shown GA-ANN’s MSE (0.033396) is lower than ANN’s MSE value (0.082263), which the GA-ANN’s R2value (0.88245) is higher than ANN (0.8499). This have shown that GA as a global search technique can be integrated in the development of the ANN.
Magnetohydrodynamic micropolar nanofluid flow over a wedge with chemical reaction
Authors: Zulkifli S N , Sarif N M , Salleh M Z , Samsudin A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the flow of electrically conducting micropolar nanofluid flow over a wedge with the effect of chemical reaction is considered. A new boundary condition that assumed nanoparticle flux at the surface to be zero is incorporated in this study. This boundary condition is more physically acceptable due to the condition of nanoparticle volume fraction at the boundary that is passively controlled. In order to obtain the numerical solution, a set of similarity transformation variable was applied to reduce the governing non-linear partial differential equations to non-dimensional ordinary differential equations. The following non-linear ordinary differential equations are solved numerically using Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF45) method. Based on our findings, concentration profile is enhanced with uprising value of chemical reaction parameter.
Engineering the fate and function of human T-Cells via 3D bioprinting
Authors: Jin Zhizhong , Li Xinda , Zhang Xinzhi , DeSousa Paul , Xu Tao , Wu Anhua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
T-cell immunotherapy holds promise for the treatment of cancer, infection, and autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, T-cell therapy is limited by low cell expansion efficiency ex vivo and functional deficits. Here we describe two 3D bioprinting systems made by different biomaterials that mimic the in vivo formation of natural lymph vessels and lymph nodes which modulate T-cell with distinct fates and functions. We observe that coaxial alginate fibers promote T-cell expansion, less exhausted and enable CD4+ T-cell differentiation into central memory-like phenotype (Tcm), CD8+ T-cells differentiation into effector memory subsets (Tem), while alginate-gelatin scaffolds bring T-cells into a relatively resting state. Both of the two bioprinting methods are strikingly different from a standard suspension system. The former bioprinting method yields a new system for T-cell therapy and the latter method can be useful for making an immune-chip to elucidate links between immune response and disease.
Deep learning for x-ray or neutron scattering under grazing-incidence: extraction of distributions
Authors: Van Herck Walter , Fisher Jonathan , Ganeva Marina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Grazing-incidence small-angle scattering (GISAS) is a technique of significant importance for the investigation of thin multilayered films containing nano-sized objects. It provides morphology information averaged over the sample area. However, this averaging together with multiple reflections and the well-known phase problem make the data analysis challenging and time consuming. In the present paper we show that densely connected neural networks (DenseNets) can be applied for GISAS data analysis and deliver fast and plausible results. The extraction of the rotational distributions of hexagonal nanoparticle arrangements is taken as a case study.