bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green official development Aid and carbon emissions: do institutions matter?
Authors: Li Dmitriy D. , Rishi Meenakshi , Bae Jeong Hwan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper examines whether green Official Development Aid (ODA) has a significant role in mitigating carbon emissions in recipient countries, and if institutional quality matters for the effectiveness of green ODA. For 86 green ODA recipient countries over the period 2003–2014, we explore the nexus between green ODA, institutions and carbon emissions. By using a two-step system generalized method of moment (GMM), we find that green ODA overall has no direct association with the mitigation of carbon emissions. However, when institutional quality indices are included, we found a significant effect of institutional quality on the effectiveness of green ODA. In general, green ODA is associated with higher carbon emissions in countries with poor institutions. In particular, green ODA is effective in mitigating carbon emissions when channeled to countries that enjoy higher economic freedom as well as more freedom from corruption. Results are mixed for the rule of law.
The spatial effect of estuaries pollution on the housing rental market: evidence from South America
Authors: Zambrano-Monserrate Manuel A. , Ruano Maria Alejandra 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEstuaries are water bodies, many of which contribute to the sustainable development of cities. Many of them are considered natural landscapes, offering various recreational services to the population. However, estuary degradation is a common problem in developing countries. Ecuador, for example, has a significant problem with the pollution of its estuaries. Machala is one of the most affected cities due to the contamination of these water bodies. This issue has generated negative externalities in the housing market. Thus, our central hypothesis is that rental prices of houses are revalued as their distance from polluted estuaries increases. Using the hedonic pricing approach, our results confirm that the price of a residence increases by US$9.45 for every 100 m farther it is from the closest estuary. This amount constitutes approximately 5.25 per cent of the average rental value in Machala.
Small food store retailers’ views on healthy food retail policy in response to a local staple foods ordinance
Authors: McGuire Cydney M , Winkler Megan R , Lenk Kathleen M , Harnack Lisa , Erickson Darin J , Laska Melissa N 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjective:Our objectives were to explore attitudes regarding food retail policy and government regulation among managers of small food stores and examine whether manager views changed due to the 2014 Minneapolis Staple Foods Ordinance, a city policy requiring retailers to stock specific healthy products.Design:Manager interviewer-administered surveys were used to assess views on food retail policy four times from 2014 to 2017. We examined baseline views across manager and store and neighbourhood characteristics using cross-sectional regression analyses and examined changes over time using mixed regression models. In 2017, open-ended survey questions asked about manager insights on the Minneapolis Staple Foods Ordinance.Setting:Minneapolis, MN, where the ordinance was enacted, and St. Paul, MN, a control community, USA.Participants:Managers from 147 small food retail stores.Results:At baseline, 48 % of managers were likely to support a policy requiring stores to stock healthy foods/beverages, 67·5 % of managers were likely to support voluntary programmes to help retailers stock healthy foods and 23·7 % agreed government regulation of business is good/necessary. There was a significant increase in overall support for food retail policies and voluntary programmes from 2014 to 2017 (P < 0·01); however, neither increase differed by city, suggesting no differential impact from the ordinance. Minneapolis store managers reported some challenges with ordinance compliance and offered suggestions for how local government could provide support.Conclusions:Findings suggest that managers of small food retail stores are becoming increasingly amenable to healthy food policies; yet, challenges need to be addressed to ensure healthy food is available to all customers.
The Cardio-Med survey tool: development and pilot validation of a FFQ in a multicultural cardiology cohort
Authors: Kucianski Teagan , Thodis Antonia , Vally Hassan , Kouris-Blazos Antigone , Moschonis George , Wilson Andrew , van Gaal William , Tierney Audrey , Itsiopoulos Catherine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjective:(i) Describe the development of a multipurpose Cardio-Med survey tool (CMST) comprising a semi-quantitative FFQ designed to measure dietary intake in multicultural patients with or at high risk of CVD and (ii) report pilot evaluation of test–retest reliability and validity of the FFQ in measuring energy and nutrient intakes.Design:The CMST was developed to identify CVD risk factors and assess diet quality over 1 year using an FFQ. Design of the ninety-three-item FFQ involved developing food portion photographs, and a list of foods appropriate for the Australian multicultural population allowing the capture of adherence to a Mediterranean diet pattern. The FFQ was administered twice, 2 weeks apart to assess test–retest reliability, whilst validity was assessed by comparison of the FFQ with a 3-d food record (3DFR).Setting:The Northern Hospital and St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.Participants:Thirty-eight participants aged 34–81 years with CVD or at high risk.Results:Test–retest reliability of the FFQ was good: intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) ranged from 0·52 (Na) to 0·88 (alcohol) (mean 0·79), with energy and 70 % of measured nutrients being above 0·75. Validity was moderate: ICC ranged from 0·08 (Na) to 0·94 (alcohol) (mean 0·59), with energy and 85 % of measured nutrients being above 0·5. Bland–Altman plots demonstrated good levels of agreement between the FFQ and 3DFR for carbohydrates, protein, alcohol, vitamin D and Na.Conclusions:The CMST FFQ demonstrated good test–retest reliability and moderate validity for measuring dietary energy and nutrients in a multicultural Australian cardiology population.
Validating an automated image identification process of a passive image-assisted dietary assessment method: proof of concept
Authors: Chui Tsz-Kiu , Tan Jindong , Li Yan , Raynor Hollie A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjective:To validate an automated food image identification system, DietCam, which has not been validated, in identifying foods with different shapes and complexities from passively taken digital images.Design:Participants wore Sony SmartEyeglass that automatically took three images per second, while two meals containing four foods, representing regular- (i.e., cookies) and irregular-shaped (i.e., chips) foods and single (i.e., grapes) and complex (i.e., chicken and rice) foods, were consumed. Non-blurry images from the meals’ first 5 min were coded by human raters and compared with DietCam results. Comparisons produced four outcomes: true positive (rater/DietCam reports yes for food), false positive (rater reports no food; DietCam reports food), true negative (rater/DietCam reports no food) or false negative (rater reports food; DietCam reports no food).Setting:Laboratory meal.Participants:Thirty men and women (25·1 ± 6·6 years, 22·7 ± 1·6 kg/m2, 46·7 % White).Results:Identification accuracy was 81·2 and 79·7 % in meals A and B, respectively (food and non-food images) and 78·7 and 77·5 % in meals A and B, respectively (food images only). For food images only, no effect of food shape or complexity was found. When different types of images, such as 100 % food in the image and on the plate, <100 % food in the image and on the plate and food not on the plate, were analysed separately, images with food on the plate had a slightly higher accuracy.Conclusions:DietCam shows promise in automated food image identification, and DietCam is most accurate when images show food on the plate.
Credibility of self-reported health parameters in elderly population
Authors: Amster Roi , Reychav Iris , McHaney Roger , Zhu Lin , Azuri Joseph 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Aim:
Examining the credibility of self-reported height, weight, and blood pressure by the elderly population using a tablet in a retirement residence, and examining the influence of health beliefs on the self-reporting credibility.

Background:
Obesity is a major problem with rising prevalence in the western world. Hypertension is also a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Self-report, remotely from the clinic, becomes even more essential when patients are encouraged to avoid visiting the clinic as during the COVID-19 pandemic. Self-reporting of height and weight is suspected of leading to underestimation of obesity prevalence in the population; however, it has not been well studied in the elderly population.
The Health Belief Model tries to predict and explain decision making of patients based on the patient’s health beliefs.

Methods:
Residents of a retirement home network filled a questionnaire about their health beliefs regarding hypertension and obesity and self-reported their height, weight, and blood pressure. Blood pressure, height, and weight were then measured and compared to the patients’ self-reporting.

Findings:
Ninety residents, aged 84.90 ± 5.88, filled the questionnaire. From a clinical perspective, the overall gap between the measured and the self-reported BMI (M = 1.43, SD = 2.72), which represents an absolute gap of 0.74 kilograms and 2.95 centimeters, is expected to have only a mild influence on the physician’s clinical evaluation of the patient’s medical condition. This can allow the physician to estimate their patient’s BMI status before the medical consultation and physical examination upon the patient’s self-reporting. Patients’ dichotomous (normal/abnormal) self-report of their blood pressure condition was relatively credible: positive predictive value (PPV) of 77.78% for normal blood pressure (BP) and 78.57% for abnormal BP. The relatively high PPV of BP self-reporting demonstrates an option for the physician to recognize patients at risk. Regression analysis found no correlation between the anthropometric parameters and the Health Belief Model.
Orthodoxy and the Politics of Christian Subjectivity: A Case Study of the Global Anglican Future Conference (GAFCON)
Authors: Dalwood Charlotte 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInformed by theories of biopolitics and necropolitics, I argue that Christian orthodoxy is a colonial power formation that manufactures the subjectivities of those within the Church and those without. The operation of biopolitics and necropolitics coalesces around two Christian bodies – the local body and the corporate body catholic – and is thus explicable according to the synthetic framework of ‘body politics.’ Within the body-political calculus, orthodox Christians qualify as genuine lives and, consequently, benefit from biopolitical interventions to promote their flourishing; heretics, by contrast, represent (non-)subjects whose bodies orthodoxy/colonialism consigns to destruction. As a case study to illustrate the import of my theoretical analysis for ecclesiological reflection, I examine the rhetoric of the leaders of the Global Anglican Future Conference (GAFCON), who, despite presenting their movement as a decolonial project, espouse a body-political theology and, therefore, remain firmly within the matrix of Christian colonial orthodoxy.
Modeling with the crowd: Optimizing the human-machine partnership with Zooniverse
Authors: Dickinson Hugh , Fortson Lucy , Scarlata Claudia , Beck Melanie , Walmsley Mike 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLSST and Euclid must address the daunting challenge of analyzing the unprecedented volumes of imaging and spectroscopic data that these next-generation instruments will generate. A promising approach to overcoming this challenge involves rapid, automatic image processing using appropriately trained Deep Learning (DL) algorithms. However, reliable application of DL requires large, accurately labeled samples of training data. Galaxy Zoo Express (GZX) is a recent experiment that simulated using Bayesian inference to dynamically aggregate binary responses provided by citizen scientists via the Zooniverse crowd-sourcing platform in real time. The GZX approach enables collaboration between human and machine classifiers and provides rapidly generated, reliably labeled datasets, thereby enabling online training of accurate machine classifiers. We present selected results from GZX and show how the Bayesian aggregation engine it uses can be extended to efficiently provide object-localization and bounding-box annotations of two-dimensional data with quantified reliability. DL algorithms that are trained using these annotations will facilitate numerous panchromatic data modeling tasks including morphological classification and substructure detection in direct imaging, as well as decontamination and emission line identification for slitless spectroscopy. Effectively combining the speed of modern computational analyses with the human capacity to extrapolate from few examples will be critical if the potential of forthcoming large-scale surveys is to be realized.
Chemical enrichment of Pop III supernovae in the first galaxies
Authors: Chen Ke-Jung 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the formation of the first galaxies (FGs) is one of the most important topics in modern cosmology. In this proceeding, we briefly summarize the results of chemical enrichment from the Pop III supernovae during the assembly of the FGs. This early chemical enrichment plays an important role in triggering the Pop II star formation. Generally speaking, there are two major enrichment channels, inside-out (internal) and outside-in (external). Our results suggest that the external channel of chemical enrichment only works if the Pop III stars are very massive stars of 200–260 M⊙, which produce strong enough radiative feedback and supernova to derive the external metal mixing down to the center of the nearby halo.
Optical properties of infrared-bright dust-obscured galaxies viewed with Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam
Authors: Noboriguchi A. , Nagao T. , Toba Y. , Niida M. , Kajisawa M. , Onoue M. , Matsuoka Y. , Yamashita T. , Chang Y. , Kawaguchi T. , Komiyama Y. , Nobuhara K. , Terashima Y. , Ueda Y. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOptical properties of infrared-bright (IR-bright) dust-obscured galaxies (DOGs) are reported. DOGs are faint in optical but very bright in mid-IR, which are powered by active star formation (SF) or active galactic nucleus (AGN), or both. The DOGs is a candidate population that are evolving from a gas-rich merger to a quasar. By combining three catalogs of optical (Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam), near-IR (VIKING), and mid-IR (ALLWISE), we have discovered 571 IR-bright DOGs. Using their spectral energy distributions, we classified the selected DOGs into the SF-dominated DOGs and the AGN-dominated DOGs. We found that the SF-dominated DOGs show a redder optical color than the AGN-dominated DOGs. Interestingly, some DOGs shows extremely blue color in optical (blue-excess DOGs: bluDOGs). A possible origin for this blue excess is either the leaked AGN light or stellar UV light from nuclear starbursts. The BluDOGs may be in the transition phase from obscured AGNs to unobscured AGNs.
Automatic classification of sources in large astronomical catalogs
Authors: Pollo Agnieszka , Solarz Aleksandra , Siudek Małgorzata , Małek Katarzyna , Bilicki Maciej , Krakowski Tomasz , Takeuchi Tsutomu ,   the VIPERS team
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper we address two questions related to data analysis in large astronomical datasets, and we demonstrate how they can be answered making use of machine learning techniques. The first question is: how to efficiently find previously unknown or rare objects which can be expected to exist in big data samples? Using the largest existing extragalactic all-sky survey, provided by the WISE satellite, we demonstrate that, surprisingly, supervised classification methods can come to aid. The second question is: having a sufficiently large data sample, how can we look for new optimal classification schemes, possibly finding new and previously unknown classes and subclasses of sources? Based on the VIPERS cutting-edge galaxy catalog at redshift z > 0.5, we demonstrate that unsupervised classification methods can give unexpected but physically well-motivated results.
High-resolution radiation transfer modelling of barred galaxies
Authors: Nersesian A. , Verstocken S. , Viaene S. , Baes M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDust radiative transfer simulations provide us with the unique opportunity to study the heating mechanisms of dust by the stellar radiation field. From 2D observational images we derive the 3D distributions of stars and dust. Our aim is to analyze the contribution of the different stellar populations to the radiative dust heating processes in the nearby face-on barred galaxies NGC 1365, M 83 and M 95. We wish to decompose the FIR-submm SED and quantify the fraction directly related to star formation. To model the complex geometries mentioned above, we used SKIRT, a state-of-the-art, 3D Monte Carlo radiative transfer code designed to simulate the absorption, scattering and thermal re-emission of dust in a variety of environments. We find that the contribution of the evolved stars (8 Gyr) to the dust heating is non-negligible (∼35%) and can reach as high as 70%. We also find a tight correlation between the heating fraction by the unevolved stars (⩽ 100 Myr) and the specific star formation rate.
Propeties of H alpha emitters at z ∼ 2.3: Derivation of H alpha luminosity from multi-band photometry
Authors: Terao Yasunori , Spitler Lee , Motohara Kentaro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe measurement of Hα luminosity for large numbers of galaxies is important to investigate recent star formation history of galaxies. With SED fitting that includes emission line templates, we extract individual galaxy Hα luminosities from broad-band photometry. We compare Hα luminosity function with the result of a narrow-band survey, HiZELS, and find there are more luminous galaxies in Hα than previously reported. As a result, our derived star formation rate density at z ∼ 2.3 turns out to be 2.2 times higher than previous studies. Most of the offset in the results can be explained by missing Hα in the HiZELS photometric aperture and different methods for dust extinction correction.
Subaru/HSC identifications of protocluster candidates atz∼ 6–7: Implications for cosmic reionization
Authors: Higuchi Ryo , Ouchi Masami , Ono Yoshiaki , Shibuya Takatoshi , Toshikawa Jun , Harikane Yuichi , Kojima Takashi , Chiang Yi-Kuan , Egami Eiichi , Kashikawa Nobunari , Overzier Roderik , Konno Akira , Inoue Akio K. , Hasegawa Kenji , Fujimoto Seiji , Goto Tomotsugu , Ishikawa Shogo , Ito Kei , Komiyama Yutaka , Tanaka Masayuki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe report fourteen and twenty-eight protocluster candidates atz= 5.7 and 6.6 over 14 and 19 deg2areas, respectively, selected from 2,230 Lyα emitters (LAEs) photometrically identified with Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) deep images. Six out of the 42 protocluster candidates include at least 1 spectroscopically confirmed LAEs at redshifts up toz= 6.574. By the comparisons with the cosmological Lyα radiative transfer (RT) model reproducing LAEs with the reionization effects, we find that more than a half of these protocluster candidates might be progenitors of the present-day clusters with a mass of ≳ 1014M⊙. We also investigate the correlation between LAE overdensity and Lya rest-frame equivalent width (EW), because the cosmological Lyα RT model suggests that a slope of EW-overdensity relation is steepened towards the epoch of cosmic reionization (EoR), due to the existence of the ionized bubbles around galaxy overdensities easing the escape of Lyα emission from the partly neutral intergalactic medium. The available HSC data suggest that the slope of the EW-overdensity correlation does not evolve from the post-reionization epochz= 5.7 to the EoRz= 6.6 beyond the moderately large statistical errors.
The high-fructose intake of dams during pregnancy and lactation exerts sex-specific effects on adult rat offspring metabolism
Authors: Tobar-Bernal Francisca A. , Zamudio Sergio R. , Quevedo-Corona Lucía 
Published: June 2020

AbstractExperimental studies have demonstrated the effects of maternal fructose consumption during pregnancy and lactation on metabolic alterations in their offspring, especially male offspring. However, few studies have focused on female offspring after providing fructose in food to dam rats. Here, we studied whether offspring of both sexes were differentially affected by a maternal high-fructose diet (HFD). For this purpose, Sprague-Dawley rats were fed during pregnancy and lactation with a standard diet (SD) or a HFD (50% w/w). After weaning, offspring were fed an SD; 3 days later, dams were sacrificed, and their offspring were sacrificed on postnatal day 90. Body weight (BW), food and water intake (only for dams), and various biomarkers of metabolic syndrome were measured. When compared to the SD-fed dams, HFD-fed dams had a reduction in BW and food and water intake. Conversely, adiposity, liver weight, liver lipids, and plasma levels of glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, and uric acid were increased in HFD-fed dams. Moreover, the BW, food consumption, weight of retroperitoneal fat pads, and liver lipids increased in female and male offspring of HFD-fed dams. Interestingly, the pups of HFD-fed mothers showed increased levels of leptin and insulin resistance and decreased levels of adiponectin which were more pronounced in male offspring than in female offspring. In contrast, a higher increase in BW was shown earlier in female offspring. Thus, high-fructose consumption by dams during pregnancy and lactation led to sex-specific developmental programming of the metabolic syndrome phenotype in adult offspring.
Actual Threat, Perceived Threat, and Authoritarianism: An Experimental Study
Authors: Russo Silvia , Roccato Michele , Merlone Ugo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractArchival, correlational, and experimental studies converge showing strong links between societal threat and authoritarianism. However, inconsistent with the social cognitive studies showing that our perception of the reality is systematically biased, the literature on the threat-authoritarianism relations has largely ignored the connection between the actual societal threat and its perception. In this study, we analyzed the relation between objective societal threat and authoritarians’ perception of it, hypothesizing that authoritarians would tend to overestimate societal threat and that such overestimation would increase the endorsement of authoritarian attitudes and the preference for authoritarian political systems. Using an experimental approach, we studied the relations between right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), actual societal threat (manipulated as low vs. moderate), and perceived societal threat working with an Italian community sample (N= 209,Mage= 29.70,SD= 9.53, 64.1% women). Actual threat and RWA equally predicted participants’ threat perception, while their interaction did not. In turn, threat perception further increased RWA and support to authoritarian political system. We discussed the results in terms of a vicious circle whereby authoritarians overestimate societal threat and such overestimation reinforces authoritarian attitudes.