bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geochemical characterization of hydrocarbon source rocks of the Triassic-Jurassic time interval in the Mandawa basin, southern Tanzania: Implications for petroleum generation potential
Authors: Emanuel A. , Kasanzu C.H. , Kagya M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Triassic to mid-Jurassic core samples of the Mandawa basin, southern Tanzania (western coast of the Indian Ocean), were geochemically analyzed in order to constrain source rock potentials and petroleum generation prospects of different stratigraphic formations within the coastal basin complex. The samples were collected from the Mihambia, Mbuo and Nondwa Formations in the basin. Geochemical characterization of source rocks intersected in exploration wells drilled between 503 to 4042 m below surface yielded highly variable organic matter contents (TOC) rated between fair and very good potential source rocks (0.5 to 8.7 wt%; mean ca. 2.3 wt%). Based on bulk geochemical data obtained in this study, the Mandawa source rocks are mainly Type I, Type II, Type III, mixed Types II/III and Type IV kerogens, with a predominance of Type II, Type III and mixed Type II/III. Based on pyrolysis data (Tmax 417 to 473oC; PI = 0.02 to 0.47; highly variable HI = 13 to 1 000 mg/gTOC; OI = 16 to 225 mg/g; and VR values of between 0.24 to 0.95% Ro) we suggest that the Triassic Mbuo Formation and possibly the mid-Jurassic Mihambia Formation have a higher potential for hydrocarbon generation than the Nondwa Formation as they are relatively thermally mature.
Flower structures in sandstones of the Paleozoic Inkisi Group (Brazzaville, Republic of Congo): evidence for two major strike-slip fault systems and geodynamic implications
Authors: Nkodia H.M.D-V. , Miyouna T. , Delvaux D. , Boudzoumou F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFew studies have reported field descriptions of flower structures associated with strike-slip faults. This study describes and illustrates flower structures near Brazzaville (Republic of Congo) and explains their implication for the tectonic history of the Paleozoic Inkisi Group. Field observations show that the Inkisi Group is affected by two major strike-slip fault systems. The oldest system is dominated by north-northwest–south-southeast striking sinistral strike-slip faults and minor east–west striking dextral strike-slip faults. The youngest system consists of dominant northeast–southwest striking dextral strike-slip faults and minor northwest–southeast striking sinistral strike-slip faults. Flower structures within these major strike slip faults show four types of arrangements that likely depend on fault growth, propagation and damage zones: (i) flower structures associated with wall damage zones; (ii) flower structures associated with linking damage zones; (iii) flower structures associated with tip damage zones; and (iv) “hourglass” flower structures.Paleostress analysis reveals that both major fault systems originated from two differently oriented pure strike-slip regime stress stages. The first stage, which engendered the first major fault system, developed under northwest–southeast compression (i.e, σ1 = 322°). This phase probably coincided with north–south collision in the southern part of Gondwana in the Permo-Triassic and the Late Cretaceous compression times. The second stress stage, creating the second major fault system, developed under east–west (i.e, σ1 = 078°) compression. This phase is correlated with compression from the east–west opening of the Atlantic Ocean in the Miocene times.
Detection of magnetite in the Roossenekal area of the Eastern Bushveld Complex, South Africa, using multispectral remote sensing data
Authors: Twala M. , Roberts R. J. , Munghemezulu C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMultispectral sensors, along with common and advanced algorithms, have become efficient tools for routine lithological discrimination and mineral potential mapping. It is with this paradigm in mind that this paper sought to evaluate and discuss the detection and mapping of magnetite on the Eastern Limb of the Bushveld Complex, using high spectral resolution multispectral remote sensing imagery and GIS techniques. Despite the wide distribution of magnetite, its economic importance, and its potential as an indicator of many important geological processes, not many studies had looked at the detection and exploration of magnetite using remote sensing in this region. The Maximum Likelihood and Support Vector Machine classification algorithms were assessed for their respective ability to detect and map magnetite using the PlanetScope Analytic data. A K-fold cross-validation analysis was used to measure the performance of the training as well as the test data. For each classification algorithm, a thematic landcover map was created and an error matrix, depicting the user’s and producer’s accuracies as well as kappa statistics, was derived. A pairwise comparison test of the image classification algorithms was conducted to determine whether the two classification algorithms were significantly different from each other. The Maximum Likelihood Classifier significantly outperformed the Support Vector Machine algorithm, achieving an overall classification accuracy of 84.58% and an overall kappa value of 0.79. Magnetite was accurately discriminated from the other thematic landcover classes with a user’s accuracy of 76.41% and a producer’s accuracy of 88.66%. The overall results of this study illustrated that remote sensing techniques are effective instruments for geological mapping and mineral investigation, especially iron oxide mineralization in the Eastern Limb of the Bushveld Complex.
Complete relief of vasospasm – Effect of nicardipine coating during direct clipping for the patient with symptomatic vasospasm of subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Yokoya Shigeomi , Hino Akihiko , Goto Yukihiro , Oka Hideki 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Some patients come to the hospital presenting with ischemic neurological deficits due to postsubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) cerebral vasospasm. In such a situation, neurosurgeons tend to avoid direct clipping, since mechanical irritation to the vessels could worsen the vasospasm and exacerbate ischemic symptoms. The optimal timing of direct clipping in patients with evidence of vasospasm is undetermined. Herein, we present the case of a patient who underwent direct clipping in the presence of severe symptomatic and post-SAH angiographic vasospasm. During surgery, we coated the severely spastic artery with nicardipine.

Case Description:
A 49-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with the diagnosis of ruptured intracranial aneurysm and severe vasospasm. On the admission day, we performed direct clipping together with direct application of nicardipine to the spastic artery. Postoperative immediate cerebral angiography showed complete disappearance of the vasospasm.

Conclusion:
Direct clipping should not be contraindicated during the vasospasm period in patients with a ruptured aneurysm, and direct application of nicardipine on the spastic artery would completely relieve vasospasm.
Unentangled Vitrimer Melts: Interplay between Chain Relaxation and Cross-link Exchange Controls Linear Rheology
Authors: RICARTE RALM , Shanbhag Sachin 
Published: November 2020

Using this theoretical approach, we explore the influence of molecular structure and temperature on vitrimer linearviscoelasticity. We observe that vitrimers with uniform and random cross-link distributions exhibit larger viscositiesand relaxation times than gradient and blocky types. Polydimethylsiloxane vitrimer (which has a flexible backbone) shows an Arrhenius temperature dependence for viscosity, while polystyrene vitrimers (which has rigid backbones) are only Arrhenius at high temperatures. During stress relaxation, the short time dynamics represent monomer friction, while the long time dynamics encompass a combination of network strand relaxation and cross-link exchange. Because of the different temperature dependences of the processes, time-temperature superposition fails. We also show that the effective rheological activation energy can be estimated a priori using only the cross-link exchange activation energy and the backbone Williams-Landel-Ferry parameters.(Submitted to Macromolecules)
Potency of Ethanol Extracts Palm Seeds (Phoenix dactylifera L.) as Antidiabetic with Inhibition Kinetics Parameter
Authors: Giovanny Lisa , Lestari Faliha Arinda , Marfira Nurul , Ambarsari Laksmi , Warnasih Siti 
Published: November 2020

Dates seeds are one of the byproducts of the date palm juice industry which has the potential for further processing. Dates seeds contain active compounds that are known to have ability to inhibit αglucosidase. This study aims to measure the activity of 70% ethanol extract and the fraction of date palm seeds with a mechanism in inhibiting αglucosidase. The measurement of inhibitory activity was carried out by extracting date palm seeds using 70% water and ethanol. The extraction product is then fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water. Then the total phenolic and flavonoid calculations were calculated for each extract and fraction. Measurement of α-glucosidase inhibition activity was measured based on reaction of substrate to enzyme by the addition of inhibitors. The results showed that the ethanolextract had the highest total phenolic and flavonoid, which were 76.86 mg GAE / g and 21.19 mg QE / g, respectively. n-hexane fraction have the best inhibitory activity seen from the IC50 value, which is 12.69 mg/L. The kinetics of inhibition of 70% ethanol extract of date palm seeds are mixed inhibition.
Keywords: α-glucosidase, date seeds, flavonoids, kinetic inhibition, phenolics
STRATEGI PENERAPAN KONSEP SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DI DESA WISATA SESAOT KECAMATAN NARMADA LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Ahmad Ramli  
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Wisata Sesaot Kecamatan Narmada Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana Strategi Penerapan Konsep Sustainable Tourism di Desa Wisata Sesaot Kec Narmada Kab Lombok Barat.
Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Metode analisis data yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data pada penelitian ini alat analisis SWOT (Strong, Weakness, Opportunity, dan Threat).
Hasil penelitian ini menemukan Faktor Pendorong Penerapan Konsep Sustainable Tourism di Desa Wisata Sesaot. yang memperoleh kategori sangat tinggi adalah penataan desa wisata yang sangat indah dan asri, keindahan budaya (penduduk muslim dan hindu hidup berdampingan), sumber air melimpah, memiliki keunggulan produk perkebunan (buah-buahan), lokasi yang tidak terlalu jauh dari pusat kota. Faktor penghambat Penerapan Konsep Sustainable Tourism di kawasan wisata memperoleh rata-rata dengan kategori tinggi adalah rendahnya SDM masyarakat dalam pengembangan desa wisata, promosi dan pemasaran wisata kurang optimal, fasilitas di lokasi yang kurang memadai, kurangnya tenaga ahli dalam pengelolaan kawasan wisata dan kurangnya partisifasi pemerintah dalam pengembangan potensi desa.
ANALISIS POTENSI EKONOMI PADA SETIAP KECAMATAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA
Authors: Putu Karismawan  , Muhammad Alwi  , Baiq Ismiwati  
Published: November 2020

Identifikasi potensi ekonomi pada setiap kecamatan di Kabupaten Lombok Utara sangat penting untuk dapat membuat perencanaan pembangunan yang tepat sehingga pengembangan pembangunan ekonomi dapat tumbuh dengan cepat. Tujuan penelitian ini Untuk mengetahui potensi sektor-sektor ekonomi pada setiap Kecamatan di Kabupaten Lombok Utara yang memenuhi tiga keriteri yaitu : sektor ekonomi yang merupakan sektor basis,sektor ekonomi yang memiliki keunggulan kompetitif atau daya saing ,sektor ekonomi yang maju dan tumbuh cepat dibandingkan sektor yang sama pada tingkat Kabupaten Lombok Utara.
Data yang digunakan adalah data PDRB dan pertumbuhan ekonomi pada setiap sektor ekonomi yang ada pada setiap kecamatan di Kabupaten Lombok utara. Alat analisis data digunakan analisis Location Quotien, Sheft Share dan Analisis Tipology Klassen. Keriteria yang digunakan untuk mengetahui sektor dan sub sektor ekonomi potensial adalah jika sektor dan sub sektor ekonomi mempunyai nilai LQ> 1, sektor ekonomi maju dan cepat tumbuh, sektor ekonomi berkembang cepat, serta mempunyai keunggulan komparatif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sektor dan sub sektor ekonomi potensial untuk KecamatanGangga adalah sektor pertanian yang didukung oleh sub sektor peternakan dan hasil-hasilnya serta sub sektor kehutanan. Sektor ekonomi potensial selanjutnya adalah sektor penggalian, sub sektor perdagangan , sub sektor sewa bangunan serta sub sektor sosial kemasyarakatan, untuk Kecamatan Pemenang,adalah subsektor perkebunan dan perikanan, air bersih, Bangunan, Hotel dan restoran, Pengangkutan dan Komunikasi, Keuangan & jasa perusahaan serta sektor Jasa-jasa, untuk Kecamatan Tanjung l adalah subsektor perkebunan , penggalian, Industri pengolahan, listrik & air bersih, Bangunan, Hotel, Pengangkutan dan Komunikasi, Keuangan & jasa perusahaan serta sektor Jasa-jasa baik jasa pemerintahan umummaupunjasa swasta, untuki Kecamatan Bayan adalah Sektor Pertanian, mencakup Sub sektorPerkebunan, Peternakan,Perikanan. Sektor bangunandan sub sektor tanaman bahan makanan dan sektor, UntukKecamatan Kayangan hanya dua sektor yaitu sektor Pertanian dan sektor Perdagangan, Hotel dan Restoran. Sektor Pertanian adalah Sub Sektor Peternakan. Sektor Perdagangan Hotel dan Restoran. Selanjutnya disarankan kepada pemerintah Kabupaten Lombok Utara dan pemerintah setiap Kecamatan dalam membuat kebijakan pembangunan hendaknya memprioritaskan sektor dan sub sektor ekonomi potensial dan pembangunan sektor industri hendaknya disesuaikan dengan potensi ekonomi masing-masing kecamatan agar tercapai percepatan pembanguna di daerah Kabupaten Lombok Utara.
Metode Pengembangan Social Question Pada Anak Dalam Perspektif Pembimbing
Authors: Wijio Sarono 
Published: November 2020

Kecerdasan sosial saat ini dipandang sebagai faktor penentu keberhasilan seorang anak dalam pendidikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menguraikan terkait kecerdasan sosial anak dan metode untuk mengembangkan kecerdasan sosial anak. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif yang secara langsung dilakukan pada obyek yang diteliti guna menghasilkan data-data yang diperlukan dan untuk menjawab rumusan masalah yaitu: bagaimana pemahaman pembimbing tentang kecerdasan sosial pada anak dan metode pembimbing dalam mengarahkan anak untuk mengembangkan kecerdasan sosial di TK Pembina I Putussibau. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi terhadap sumber data penelitian yang meliputi: guru pembimbing di TK Pembina I Putussibau, siswa, brosur dan kurikulum. Metode deskriptif kualitatif digunakan sebagai analisis data dengan cara data yang tersedia diolah selama penelitian selanjutnya secara sistematis diinterpretasikan ke dalam laporan. Diketahui hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: 1) Pemahaman pembimbing tentang kecerdasan sosial pada anak adalah bahwa kecerdasan sosial merupakan kemampuan yang ditunjukkan anak saat berinteraksi dengan orang lain atau lingkungan sosial. 2) Metode yang digunakan pembimbing dalam mengembangkan kecerdasan sosial anak secara praktis adalah dengan bimbingan individu dan kelompok, sedangkan secara teoritis pendekatan yang digunakan pembimbing adalah pendekatan kognitif dan social learning dari Albert Bandura.
Primary African American Endothelial Cells Exhibit Endothelial Dysfunction with an Exacerbated Inflammatory Profile and Blunted MMP-2 Activity
Authors: Cook Marc D. , Ling Chenyi , Grimm Heather , Adeyemo Adelola , Aldokhayyil Maitha , Heffernan Kevin , Fernhall Bo , Brown Michael 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEndothelial dysfunction is associated with the racial health disparity in vascular dysfunction in African Americans (AAs). Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 is constitutively expressed in endothelial cells (EC) and is a biomarker that has been associated with hypertension, as its properties are involved in pathologic oxidative stress and pro-inflammation that may affect vascular homeostasis.Herein, we report significant inverse relationships between MMP-2, stroke volume, carotid and aortic systolic pressures in a small cohort of young AA men. In the current study, we postulated that basal activation in AA Endothelial Cells (EC) may include different responses in MMP-2 activity, compared to Caucasian (CA). We evaluated gene and protein expression and activity of MMP-2, and related peptides, in multiple different primary Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) isolated from four different AA and CA donors. Compared to CA, AA HUVEC exhibited greater basal MMP-2, MMP-14, Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2, Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, Intracellular adhesion molecule-1, and Interleukin (IL)-1βgene expression and greater endothelin-1 secretion (p< 0.05). Interestingly, basal MMP-2 protein expression was greater while relative secreted MMP-2 activity was lower (p= 0.041). Inflammatory stimuli (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) exacerbated relative MMP-2 activity in AA HUVEC (p= 0.007). Thesein vitrodata offer insights into a potential mechanism involving primary endothelial cell inflammatory mediated MMP-2 activities that may contribute to poorer vascular outcomes. Further studies are necessary to investigate endothelial intracellular transcriptional, translational, and activity regulation of MMP-2.
Spatial Distribution of Resources and Poverty Incidence in Ghana
Authors: Bathuure Isaac Akpemah , Brobbey Lens Opoku , Bawa Kingsley 
Published: November 2020

This paper investigates the spatial distribution of resources, production activities and poverty in Ghana. The study found that the presence of natural resources in an area over a period of time greatly influences industrial activities in that locality. Moreover, given that firms or manufacturing industries will usually site their business ventures close to the sources of resource attraction, the processes of production including value addition, packaging, and refinery largely becomes vibrant in resource rich areas than less-resource zones. In Ghana, there seems to be an uneven distribution of natural resources across the administrative regions and ecological zones. This kind of distribution has resulted in the creation of additional jobs in areas endowed with natural resources. Data for the studies was obtain from Ghana statistical service
Spatial distribution of natural resources positively influences most important production activities in the discovered areas. A boom in production activities within an areas certainly reflect on the poverty incidence of the people since it creates both direct and indirect employment opportunities in that area. The paper suggests diversification of the economy, equitable allocation of resources to deprived areas to ensures comprehensive development and poverty alleviation in all aspects of life of the ordinary Ghanaian .Government needs to as well put in the needed measures to ensure people gets direct benefits from resources exploited in their communities as most of these exploitive activities pose negative externalities to the people.
Perbedaan antara Metode Pembelajaran Satu Arah dan Role-Play pada Program ETLS (Emergency Trauma Life Support ) dan CSR (Clinical Skill Refreshment) terhadap Nilai Obstetri Ginekologi pada Mahasiswa FK UMM
Authors: Andriana Kusuma 
Published: November 2020

Keterampilan klinis merupakan satu dari 7 area kompetensi pada Standar Kompetensi Dokter Indonesia (SKDI). Model pembelajarannya bisa beragam salah satunya adalah bermain peran (role-play). FK UMM sudah melakukan perubahan metode pembelajaran keterampilan klinik dari satu arah ke metode role-play di program ETLS (Emergency Trauma Life Support ) dan CSR (Clinical Skill Refreshment), namun belum pernah dilakukan evaluasi dampaknya. Untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara metode pembelajaran satu arah dan role-play di program ETLS dan CSR terhadap nilai obstetri ginekologi pada mahasiswa FKUMM. Penelitian observasional analitik dengan cara iris silang (cross sectional) terhadap nilai ETLS – CSR gelombang 14 dan 15 (metode satu arah) dan gelombang 20 tahap 1 dan 2 (metode role-play ) dan nilai kepaniteraan klinik obstetrik dan ginekologi dari mahasiswa yang telah mengikuti ETLS-CSR gelombang 14, 15 dan 20 tahap 1 serta 20 tahap 2. Diperoleh nilai rerata, maksimal dan minimal OSCE ETLS-CSR dan kepaniteraan klinik obstetri ginekologi metode role-play lebih tinggi daripada metode satu arah. Untuk melihat perbedaan metode satu arah dan role-play dilakukan uji Mann Whitney pada nilai ETLS dan CSR station obstetri dan ginekologi dengan α = 0,000 (< 0,005), dilakukan independent sample T test pada nilai kepaniteraan obstetri dan ginekologi dan didapatkan nilai α = 0,000 (< 0,005) dan dilakukan uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks untuk melihat pengaruh pola pembelajaran ETLS-CSR terhadap nilai kepaniteraan klinik obstetri ginekologi dan diperoleh nilai α = 0,000 (< 0,005). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara metode pembelajaran satu arah dan role-play di program ETLS (Emergency Trauma Life Support ) dan CSR (Clinical Skill Refreshment) terhadap nilai obstetri ginekologi pada mahasiswa FK UMM
EFEK PEMBERIAN AIR KELAPA DAN AIR MINERAL TERHADAP KEBUGARAN JASMANI
Authors: Narindra Naufal Yusuf , Basuki Sri Wahyu , Risanti Erika Diana , Hernawan Budi 
Published: November 2020

Peningkatan kebugaran jasmani dapat membantu dalam pencegahan penyakit. Terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara tingkat kebugaran fisik dan angka kesakitan serta kematian yang disebabkan oleh penyakit kronis. Aktivitas fisik yang menyebabkan denyut nadi maksimal tercapai dapat membahayakan. Denyut nadi meningkat dapat dikarenakan oleh kurangnya cairan tubuh saat beraktivitas. Air kelapa merupakan salah satu contoh cairan yang mengandung bahan elektrolit yang baik bagi tubuh. Kandungan mineral dan sifat isotonis menjadikan air kelapa itu potensial dikonsumsi sebagai minuman olahraga. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan indeks kebugaran jasmani pada pemberian air mineral dibandingkan dengan air kelapa sebelum aktivitas fisik. Metode penelitian menggunakan quasi experiment dengan rancangan pretest-posttest non equivalent control group design. Sampel sejumlah 20 mahasiswa laki-laki yang tidak rutin berolahraga dilakukan pengambilan data indeks kebugaran jasmani pada pemberian air kelapa serta air mineral. Hasil penelitian ini dengan uji t-independent bernilai p>0,05. Simpulan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara indeks kebugaran jasmani pada pemberian air kelapa dan air mineral.