bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Description of a new species of Omyomymar Schauff from India with a key to Oriental species and first report of Palaeoneura markhoddlei Triapitsyn (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) from the Indian subcontinent
Authors: H. Sankararaman  , S. Manickavasagam  
Published: October 2020

Abstract: Omyomymar hayati sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae) is described from Tamil Nadu, India and key to Oriental species of Omyomymar is updated. Palaeoneura markhoddlei Triapitsyn, is reported from Indian subcontinent for the first time and key to Indian species is updated. The following known species, viz., Acmopolynema incognitum (Narayanan, Rao & Kaur), Platystethynium glabrum Jin & Li, Polynema (Polynema) bengalense Rehmat & Anis and Palaeoneura vegis Amer & Zeya are recorded from the Indian states of Rajasthan, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu, respectively.
Association of Metabolic Surgery With Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Previous Myocardial Infarction and Severe Obesity
Authors: Näslund Erik , Stenberg Erik , Hofmann Robin , Ottosson Johan , Sundbom Magnus , Marsk Richard , Svensson Per , Szummer Karolina , Jernberg Tomas 
Published: October 2020

Background:
The number of patients with myocardial infarction and severe obesity is increasing and there is a lack of evidence how these patients should be treated. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between metabolic surgery (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy) and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with previous myocardial infarction (MI) and severe obesity.

Methods:
Of 566 patients with previous MI registered in the SWEDEHEART registry (Swedish Web-System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies) undergoing metabolic surgery and registered in the nationwide Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry, 509 patients (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass n=465; sleeve gastrectomy n=44) could be matched 1:1 to a control with MI from SWEDEHEART, but no subsequent metabolic surgery regarding sex, age (±3 years), year of MI (±3 years), and body mass index (±3). The 2 groups were well matched, except for a lower proportion of reduced ejection fraction after MI (7% versus 12%), previous heart failure (10% versus 19%), atrial fibrillation (6% versus 10%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (4% versus 7%) in patients undergoing metabolic surgery.

Results:
The median (interquartile range) follow-up time was 4.6 (2.7–7.1) years. The 8-year cumulative probability of major adverse cardiovascular events was lower in patients undergoing metabolic surgery (18.7% [95% CI, 15.9–21.5%] versus 36.2% [33.2–39.3%], adjusted hazard ratio, 0.44 [95% CI, 0.32–0.61]). Patients undergoing metabolic surgery had also a lower risk of death (adjusted HR, 0.45 [95% CI, 0.29–0.70]; MI, 0.24 [0.14–0.41]) and new onset heart failure, but there were no significant differences regarding stroke (0.91 [0.38–2.20]) and new onset atrial fibrillation (0.56 [0.31–1.01]).

Conclusions:
In severely obese patients with previous MI, metabolic surgery is associated with a low risk for serious complications, lower risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, death, new MI, and new onset heart failure. These findings need to be confirmed in a randomized, controlled trial.
Influence of Weather Conditions on Particulate Matter Suspension following the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull Volcanic Eruption
Authors: Butwin Mary K. , von Löwis Sibylle , Pfeffer Melissa A. , Dagsson-Waldhauserova Pavla , Thorsson Johann , Thorsteinsson Throstur 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull produced volcanic ash that was mostly deposited to the south and east of the volcano, with the thickest deposits closest to the eruption vents. For months following the eruption there were numerous reports of resuspended volcanic ash made by weather observers on the ground. A saltation sensor (SENSIT) and an optical particle counter (OPC) located on the southern side of Eyjafjallajökull measured posteruptive particulate matter (PM) saltation and suspension events, some of which were also observable by satellite imagery. During the autumn/winter following the eruption, visible satellite images and the SENSIT show that PM measured by the OPC was only detected when winds had a northerly component, making the source on the slopes of Eyjafjallajökull. During the largest observed events, particles >10μm were suspended but measured in extremely low concentrations (<1 particle per centimeter cubed). The saltation measurements, however, show high concentrations of particles >100μm in size during these events. During the largest events, winds were at least 5 m s−1with a relative humidity < 70%. Ground conditions in Iceland change quickly from unfavorable to favorable for the suspension of particles. It is hypothesized that this is due to the porosity of the surface material allowing water to filter through quickly as well as the fast drying time of surface material. The high moisture content of the atmosphere and the ground do not appear to be a deterrent for large PM events to occur in Iceland.
Comparison of Tropical Cyclone Activities over the Western North Pacific in CORDEX-East Asia Phase I and II Experiments
Authors: Lee Minkyu , Cha Dong-Hyun , Suh Myoung-Seok , Chang Eun-Chul , Ahn Joong-Bae , Min Seung-Ki , Byun Young-Hwa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study evaluated tropical cyclone (TC) activity simulated by two regional climate models (RCMs) incorporated in the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) framework with two different horizontal resolutions. Evaluation experiments with two RCMs (RegCM4 and MM5) forced by reanalysis data were conducted over the CORDEX-East Asia domain for phases I and II. The main difference between phases I and II is horizontal resolution (50 and 25 km). The 20-yr (1989–2008) mean performances of the experiments were investigated in terms of TC genesis, track, intensity, and TC-induced precipitation. In general, the simulated TC activities over the western North Pacific (WNP) varied depending on the model type and horizontal resolution. For both models, higher horizontal resolution improved the simulation of TC tracks near the coastal regions of East Asia, whereas the coarser horizontal resolution led to underestimated TC genesis compared with the best track data because of greater convective precipitation and enhanced atmospheric stabilization. In addition, the increased horizontal resolution prominently improved the simulation of TCs landfalling in East Asia and associated precipitation around coastal regions. This finding implies that high-resolution RCMs can improve the simulation of TC activities over the WNP (i.e., added value by increasing model resolution); thus, they have an advantage in climate change assessment studies.
Origins of the IOD-like Biases in CMIP Multimodel Ensembles: The Atmospheric Component and Ocean–Atmosphere Coupling
Authors: Long Shang-Min , Li Gen , Hu Kaiming , Ying Jun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPrevious studies reveal that the last generation of coupled general circulation models (CGCMs) commonly suffer from the so-called Indian Ocean dipole (IOD)-like biases, lowering the models’ ability in climate prediction and projection. The present study shows that such IOD-like biases are reduced insignificantly or even worsen in CGCMs from phase 5 to phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). The origins of the IOD-like biases in CGCMs are further investigated by comparing model outputs from CMIP and the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP). The CGCMs’ errors are divided into the biases from the AMIP simulation (AMIP biases) and ocean–atmosphere coupling (coupling biases). For the multimodel ensemble mean, the AMIP (coupling) biases account for about two-thirds (one-third) of the IOD-like CMIP biases. In AMIP simulations, the South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) is overly strong; therefore, it could advect overly large easterly momentum from the south Indian Ocean (IO) to the equator. The resultant equatorial easterly wind bias would initiate the convection–circulation feedback and develop large IOD-like AMIP biases. In contrast, the coupling biases weaken the SASM and hence generate warm SST error over the western IO during boreal summer. Such SST error persists to boreal autumn and triggers the Bjerknes feedback, developing the IOD-like coupling biases. Furthermore, the intermodel spread in the IOD-like CMIP biases is largely explained by the intermodel differences in the coupling biases rather than the AMIP biases. The results imply that substantial efforts should be respectively made on reducing the atmospheric models’ intrinsic monsoon biases as well as advancing the simulations of ocean–atmosphere coupling processes.
Veterans’ Experiences With Diabetes: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: DiNardo Monica M. , Phares Angela D. , Jones Harleigh E. , Beyer Nicole M. , Suss Stephen J. , McInnes Shauna , Rodriguez Keri L. 
Published: October 2020

Purpose The purpose of the study was to explore an understanding of the psychosocial-behavioral impact of diabetes self-management among veterans with diabetes. Methods Twenty-six veterans participated in 1 of 9 focus groups that were conducted following a group diabetes self-management education class and prior to a mindfulness intervention as part of a feasibility pilot study. Discussions were guided by open-ended questions that addressed the overarching research question, “How do attitudes and experiences with diabetes inform psychosocial-educational approaches to diabetes self-management education and care for veterans?” Focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed. The data was then independently coded and thematically analyzed by 2 coders. Results Five main themes that reflect veterans’ perceptions of their experiences with diabetes and diabetes self-management were identified: (1) distress and negative emotions, (2) social isolation, (3) perceived lack of control, (4) attitudes toward diabetes support, and (5) desire for information about stress, diabetes, health, and behavior. Conclusions Veterans experience emotional distress and have unmet psychosocial needs related to diabetes self-management. Insight gained from these veteran perspectives suggests a framework for integrating psycho-educational interventions like mindfulness into diabetes care that emphasize stress reduction, person-centered communication, and opportunities for peer support.
Exploring the Family factors associated with Suicide Attempts among Adolescents and Young Adults: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mathew Anju , Saradamma Remadevi , Krishnapillai Vijayakumar , Muthubeevi Saboora Beegum 
Published: October 2020

Background: Suicides are among the leading cause of death among adolescents and young adults worldwide, including India. Suicide attempts are about 20 times more common than completed suicides. Teenagers and youth who attempt suicide belong to a heterogeneous group. Various biological and psychosocial factors, including family factors, contribute to such behavior. Quality of family functioning and relationships may act as an important contextual factor in deciding suicidal behavior. Hence, this study was done to explore the family factors contributing to suicide attempts. Methods: Qualitative exploratory study design and purposive sampling were used. Data were collected from 22 adolescents and young adults using an in-depth interview method. All audio recordings were transcribed in Malayalam, and then translated to English. Codes were developed using the qualitative data analysis software. Thematic analysis was done. Themes and relationships were identified and synthesized to a framework that represents the summary of the data. Results: Most of the participants perceived the home environment as hostile. Problems within the family included parental conflicts and separation, conflict with a sibling or other members of the family, and marital disharmony. Most of them perceived low family support. Socioeconomic factors such as financial issues, superstitious beliefs, disturbing neighborhoods, interpersonal issues, and the stigma of having a mental illness, in a family member, were also noted. Conclusion: Hostile family environment, faulty interactions between family members, and lack of perceived family support may contribute to suicidal behavior among adolescents and young adults. Hence, it is imperative to consider these factors while treating them or planning any suicide prevention program for them.
The effectiveness of diacutaneous fibrolysis on pain, range of motion and functionality in musculoskeletal disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cadellans-Arróniz Aida , Llurda-Almuzara Luis , Campos-Laredo Berta , Cabanas-Valdés Rosa , Garcia-Sutil Alex , López-de-Celis Carlos 
Published: October 2020

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of diacutaneous fibrolysis in reducing musculoskeletal disorders symptoms such as pain, range of motion and functionality. Data sources: A systematic review of MEDLINE, Cochrane, PEDro and Science Direct was conducted until September 2020. Review methods: Computerized search strategy was performed to identify randomized controlled trials applying diacutaneous fibrolysis, on subjects with musculoskeletal disorders. Eligible articles and data extraction were conducted independently by two reviewers. Methodology quality and risk of bias were assessed by Risk of Bias 2 tool from the Cochrane Collaboration and Physiotherapy Evidence Database. Outcomes assessed were pain intensity, range of motion and functionality. Results: Search strategy identified 98 potential randomized control trials and six studies involving 386 participants, were finally included. Diacutaneous fibrolysis intervention added to usual physiotherapy treatment was compared to control group. Pain intensity immediately after treatment showed a pooled Standard Mean Difference (SMD) of –0.58 with 95% confidence interval (CI) from –1.12 to –0.04, and in the longest follow-up SMD was –0.63 with 95% CI (–1.21 to –0.05). Functionality showed a pooled SMD of –1.02 with 95% CI (–1.67 to –0.36) immediately after intervention and a SMD of –0.84 with 95% CI (–1.54 to –0.14). Range of motion could not be included in the quantitative synthesis. Conclusion: Diacutaneous fibrolysis is an effective treatment, when combined with conventional physiotheraphy, reducing pain immediately after treatment and long term follow-up and improving function in both, short and long term in musculoskeletal disorders.
Systematic review of laryngocele and pyolaryngocele management in the age of robotic surgery
Authors: Singh Ravjit , Karantanis William , Fadhil Matthew , Kumar Shivani Angelique , Crawford Julia , Jacobson Ian 
Published: October 2020

Objective A laryngocele is a space that develops as a result of pathological dilatation of the laryngeal saccule. However, the reported management of laryngoceles varies. We conducted a systematic review of the literature regarding the surgical management of laryngoceles and pyolaryngoceles, to understand the evolving nature of treatment for this rare condition. Methods We searched for publications in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, JBI Library of Systematic Reviews, and Ovid databases using the terms “laryngocele”, “pyolaryngocele”, and “laryngopyocele”, and reviewed the identified articles. Results After removal of repeated studies and filtering for relevance and studies written in English, a total of 227 studies were included in this review. No meta-analyses or randomized controlled trials have been published. The identified studies have been summarized in 14 reviews conducted since 1946. The meta-analysis determined that endoscopy was the preferred approach for internal laryngoceles, while combined laryngoceles benefited from both internal and external surgical approaches. Conclusions Laryngocele management has progressed since its initial description, from open surgery to an endoscopic approach, and more recently to a robotic-assisted surgical approach. The uptake of robotic surgery as a possible treatment modality over the last decade shows much promise for the treatment of these conditions.
Efficacy and safety of balloon-assisted microdissection with Sapphire® II 1.0-mm balloon in balloon-uncrossable chronic total occlusion lesions
Authors: Ye Yicong , Zhao Xiliang , Du Jianjun , Zeng Yong 
Published: October 2020

Objective Earlier studies have shown that the balloon-assisted microdissection (BAM) technique is feasible using a 1.2- to 1.5-mm small balloon in balloon-uncrossable chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesions. This study was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of the BAM technique with a Sapphire® II 1.0-mm balloon. Methods In this retrospective study, patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for CTO were consecutively screened for balloon-uncrossable CTO lesions using BAM with the Sapphire® II 1.0-mm balloon. The patients’ clinical and angiographic characteristics and procedural outcomes were collected for analyses. Results Twenty-four balloon-uncrossable CTO lesions were identified. Most of the CTO lesions were located in the right coronary artery, followed by the left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery. The mean Japanese Multicenter CTO Registry (J-CTO) and Prospective Global Registry for the Study of Chronic Total Occlusion Intervention (PROGRESS CTO) scores were 1.96 and 1.38, respectively. The total technical success rates were 91.6% (22/24) and 75.00% (18/24) for the lesions that were successfully treated with BAM. No patients developed major complications with the exception of one patient who developed a femoral hematoma. Conclusion BAM with the Sapphire® II 1.0-mm balloon may be an effective and safe technique for balloon-uncrossable CTO lesions.
Factors Affecting the Timing of a Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infection Onset in Children with Cancer
Authors: Park Mina , Seo Young-mi , Shin Yoon Jung , Han Jung Woo , Cho Eunhee , Jang Hyeju 
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify controllable treatment-environment-related factors affecting the timing of a central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) onset in children with cancer with central venous catheters (CVC). Design: This study is a secondary data analysis with the data extracted from electronic medical records in a tertiary hospital in South Korea. This study was conducted by reviewing electronic medical records of 470 pediatric cancer patients younger than the age of 18 years from 2010 to 2016. Method: The timing of a CLABSI onset was identified through the onset of CLABSI and the duration of catheterization. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to estimate the impact of variables on the timing of CLABSI onset. The duration of catheterization was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Finding: Multivariable analysis by Cox proportional model analysis showed that there are six independent variables affecting the timing of a CLABSI onset: length of stay in hospital, catheter insertion location, use of antibiotics on day of catheter insertion, catheter function, number of blood transfusions per 100 days, and number of blood tests per 100 days. Conclusions: The findings of this study provide a foundation for the development of EBP-based CVC guidelines to effectively reduce CLABSIs and maintain a long-term CVC without a CLABSI.
Can You Escape? The Pharmacology Review Virtual Escape Room
Authors: Smith Miranda Michelle , Davis Rebecca G. 
Published: October 2020

Background. Clinical learning activities in a pre-licensure nursing program are challenging to rapidly convert to an online format due to their objectives to provide hands-on practice. Previously, students spent their final day of pharmacology participating in low-fidelity lab-based, simulated pharmacology activities. Due to a public health crisis, the instructional team had to quickly change course to create an equally engaging virtual activity that provided opportunities for clinical judgment. Aim. In this article, we discuss a virtual pharmacology escape room created using Google forms for pre-licensure nursing students prior to their final pharmacology course exam. The learning objectives were to review difficult course concepts by making clinical decisions and to practice using medication protocols. Methods. The design and evaluation of a virtual pharmacology escape room are presented to reflect a learner centered approach. Key considerations when designing the escape room were to best use the students’ time, to focus on content frequently missed on exams by the student cohort, and to include medication protocols commonly encountered during the clinical part of their program. Results. Surveys provided positive feedback from learners along with suggestions for strengthening future escape room activities. Most students reported the activity provided opportunities for clinical judgment and was helpful for learning. Conclusion. Benefits of virtual escape rooms are they can be created at no cost to educators of learners and easily accessed using personal electronic devices. Future applications include designing additional escape rooms to aid student learning in challenging nursing coursework, such as pharmacology and clinical courses.
Combined EZH2 and Bcl-2 inhibitors as precision therapy for genetically defined DLBCL subtypes
Authors: Scholze Hanna , Stephenson Regan E. , Reynolds Raymond , Shah Shivem , Puri Rishi , Butler Scott D. , Trujillo-Alonso Vicenta , Teater Matthew R. , van Besien Herman , Gibbs-Curtis Destini , Ueno Hideki , Parvin Salma , Letai Anthony , Mathew Susan , Singh Ankur , Cesarman Ethel , Melnick Ari , Giulino-Roth Lisa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMolecular alterations in the histone methyltransferase EZH2 and the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 frequently co-occur in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Because DLBCL tumors with these characteristics are likely dependent on both oncogenes, dual targeting of EZH2 and Bcl-2 is a rational therapeutic approach. We hypothesized that EZH2 and Bcl-2 inhibition would be synergistic in DLBCL. To test this, we evaluated the EZH2 inhibitor tazemetostat and the Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax in DLBCL cells, 3-dimensional lymphoma organoids, and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). We found that tazemetostat and venetoclax are synergistic in DLBCL cells and 3-dimensional lymphoma organoids that harbor an EZH2 mutation and an IGH/BCL2 translocation but not in wild-type cells. Tazemetostat treatment results in upregulation of proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members and priming of mitochondria to BH3-mediated apoptosis, which may sensitize cells to venetoclax. The combination of tazemetostat and venetoclax was also synergistic in vivo. In DLBCL PDXs, short-course combination therapy resulted in complete remissions that were durable over time and associated with superior overall survival compared with either drug alone.