bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gluten-free Buckwheat Kvass with Aromatic Raw Materials
Authors: Tanashkina Tatiana , Peregoedova Anastasia , Semenyuta Anna , Boyarova Margarita 
Published: March 2020

Introduction. The production of gluten-free food products, including alcohol-free beverages, is an urgent task for Russian food industry. Buckwheat malt has a great raw material potential, because it consists rutin, which can give the final product some useful functional properties. Aromatic raw materials improve the sensory characteristics of beverages and increase their nutritional value.
Study objects and methods. Kvass is a traditional Russian bread juice. To prepare gluten-free kvass, we used light and scalding buckwheat malt and water infusions of barberry, juniper, leaves of garden currant, and lemon balm grass. The wort was prepared by infusion and fermented with bottom beer yeast Saflager W-34/70. Then it was blended with infusions of plant materials. Sensory and physical and chemical properties of kvass were determined by standard methods. Antioxidant activity of the beverages was assessed by using DPPH radical scavenging method.
Results and discussion. All samples met the state standard requirements for kvass by sensory, physical, and chemical characteristics. The drinks obtained from the scalding malt were well-fermented and achieved better tasting ratings compared to those from the light malt. The control sample, which contained no aromatic raw materials, received the lowest scores for taste and aroma. The kvass blended with infusions of barberry and garden currant had the best results. The infusions increased the shelf life of the kvass from 7 days (control) to 12 (barberry), 14 (juniper), and 16 (currant). All samples of kvass demonstrated antioxidant activity, the beverage with infusion of garden currant leaves showing the best results (≤ 80%). Antiradical activity was established for the samples blended with barberry and currant infusions.
Conclusion. light and scalding buckwheat malt can be used to prepare gluten-free kvass. Blending buckwheat kvass with infusions of aromatic raw materials increased the shelf life of the beverages, improved their taste, aroma, and antioxidant activity (except the sample with infusions of juniper), and gave them antiradical properties.
Application of Visco-Elastic Deck in Decorticating Buckwheat Grains
Authors: Mar'in Vasily , Vereshchagin Alexander , Ivanov Andrey 
Published: March 2020

Introduction. During buckwheat processing, up to 7.0% of the kernels turn into feed meal. This loss causes a significant decrease in profits during the production of buckwheat groats. Decorticating of buckwheat is complicated by the fact that the size uniformity of the grain mass does not exceed 40–50%. Since the grain size varies greatly, the mass is divided into fractions to optimize the
decorticating process. Sorting of grain into size fractions with subsequent calibration increases the efficiency of decorticating. The procedure makes it possible to choose the appropriate decorticating mode while maintaining the integrity of the kernel. New methods of decorticating improve the utilization of grain and, consequently, profitability. The research objective was to assess the rationality of the use of visco-elastic material for decorticating buckwheat grain.
Study objects and methods. The research featured buckwheat grain, which was divided into six fractions by size before decorticating. The grain was harvested in the foothill part of the Altai Territory in 2018.The effectiveness of the procedure was tested using a standard abrasive deck and a visco-elastic deck with Shore hardness = A-80-95 and elastic modulus = 2.8 MPa.
Results and discussion. A simultaneous use of a visco-elastic deck and an abrasive deck on a Valdecede machine reduced the mass fraction of the destroyed kernels at the stage of decorticating. The production tests involved processing of 23,000 thousand tons of buckwheat grain. The resource of visco-elastic decks in different fractions ranged from 6 to 12 months. The tests proved that viscoelastic decks provided a 1.5% increase in the mass fraction of buckwheat groats due to a reduction in the resulting feed meal. A set of economic calculations showed an increase in the marginal profit by 800,000 rubles per month.
Conclusion. The use of visco-elastic decks during decorticating of buckwheat grain of all fractions increased the profitability of buckwheat groats production by 1.8% and raised the yield by 1.5%.
Use of sludge on arable land for food production - a current project at some Swedish wastewater treatment plants (The ReVAQ-project)
Authors: Hugmark Peter 
Published: March 2020

The project is driven by eight wastewater treatment plants (wtp:s) and lead by a governing group with representatives from the Farmers Association, Food Industry, Perishables Trade, the Swedish Nature Conservation Society, Swedish Water and the participating wtp:s. An independent inspector is engaged to check that the wtp:s really do what they have undertaken.
The principal aim of the project is to investigate if sludge from municipality wtp:s can be so clean of pollutants with regard to possible environmental disturbances that it can be used on arable land for food production in the long run. Another important aim, and at the same time a very important goal, is to make a solid and trusting co-operation between the participating interests.
So far the experiences from the project are very good. The work in the governing group appears to function very well and in a trustful way. The wtp:s taking part in the project have so far passed the inspections well enough to be approved for continuous participation. And not to forget, the sludge quality has gone on to improve.
Tripterine: A Potential Anti-Allergic Compound
Authors: Zhu Bao-Jun , Qian Ze-Quan , Yang Hui-Run , Li Ru-Xia 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Tripterine (TRI), an active monomer in Tripterygium wilfordii, has significant
pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and anti-tumor activities.
TRI may be used to treat allergic diseases because of its characteristics of immunosuppression.

Objective:
This study aims to explore the anti-allergic effect of TRI.

Methods:
It was tested in vivo and in vitro in this study.

Results :
The results showed that TRI could significantly inhibit histamine release from rat peritoneal
mast cells; the inhibitory effect of TRI on histamine release was stronger than that of other known histamine
inhibitors such as disodium cromoglyceride. TRI also significantly inhibited systemic anaphylactic
shock induced by compound 48/80 and skin allergy induced by IgE, and inhibited the expression
of inflammatory factors secreted by Human Mast Cells (HMC-1) induced by Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-
Acetate (PMA) and calcium carrier A23187. In the animal model of allergic rhinitis induced by Ovalbumin
(OA), the scores of friction, histamine, IgE, inflammatory factors and inflammatory cells decreased
after TRI was administered orally or nasally.

Conclusions :
TRI, as an active immunoregulatory factor, has great potential in the treatment of mast
cell-mediated allergic diseases.
An Efficient Protocol for the Synthesis, Biological Screening and Molecular Docking Studies of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidine-2-one/thione Derivatives
Authors: Mughal Ehsan Ullah , Farooq Hafiz Umar , Sadiq Amina , Rafique Hummera , Sumrra Sajjad Hussain , Zafar Muhammad Naveed , Fatima Nighat , Muhammad Syed Aun , Manan Abdul , Javed Chaudhary Omer , Tayyab Muhammad 
Published: March 2020

Introduction:
Heterocyclic compounds are vital to life, since they constitute the most
interesting part of the pharmacologically active drugs. Dihydropyrimidine-2-one/thione (DHPM) as
the heterocyclic nucleus is the basic part of the most natural as well as synthetic drugs. Synthesis of
new derivatives of DHPM and screening their pharmacological potential appear to be an important
goal.

Methodology:
In this study, we have synthesized 15 derivatives of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-
ones/thiones through simple one-step synthetic method comprising one-pot condensation of variously
substituted benzaldehydes, urea/thiourea and ethyl acetoacetate using ammonium chloride in
methanol as well as under solvent-free conditions. In comparison, the former methodology was
proved more efficient, convenient and gave higher yields. Moreover, those compounds were screened
for their potential against bacterial strains (S. aureus and E. coli) and fungal strains (C. albicans and
C. parapsilosis).

Results and Discussion:
The experimental results revealed that the synthesized compounds are more
active against C. albicans fungus as compared to other tested microbes. Amongst all the synthesized
derivatives, compound 3 showed significant non-competitive potential antifungal activity in vitro
antimicrobial assay. Theoretically, molecular docking studies showed that these compounds can bind
effectively to oxidoreductase enzyme of E. coli and CYP-51 oxidoreductase of C. albicans.

Conclusion:
Herein, we report improved and high yield reaction conditions for the synthesis of
biologically active dihydropyrimidine-2-one, and-thione derivatives. Remarkably, most of the
synthesized compounds demonstrated moderate to very good antifungal activity in comparison to the
antibacterial activity.
Synthesis, Molecular Modeling of Novel Substituted Pyridazinones and their Vasorelaxant Activities
Authors: Ismail Magda M.F. , Soliman Dalia H.S. , Elmoniem Mona H. Abd , Jaleel Gehad A.R. Abdel 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Hypertension, one of the most common cardiovascular diseases that can
cause coronary disease, stroke, myocardial infarction, and sudden death, it is the major contributor to
cardiac failure as well as renal insufficiency.

Objectives:
As there are many cardio-active pyridazinone-base derivatives in clinical use, therefore,
we aimed to synthesize a new series of pyridazin-3-ones and evaluate their vasorelaxant activity.

Methods:
A new series of synthesized compounds were carried out first by the synthesis of 6-
flouroarylpyridazinones by cyclization of 3-(4-flourobenzoyl) propionic acid with hydrazine hydrate
or arylhydrazines to provide the corresponding pyridazinone derivatives 2a-d. Mannich reaction was
performed using morpholine or piperidine formaldehyde to obtain compounds 3a,b. On the other
hand, reaction of 2a with various chloroacetamide intermediates, in dimethylformamide and potassium
carbonate as a catalyst, afforded the target compounds 5a-c. The aromatic acid hydrazide intermediates
6a-g were prepared in 50-90% yield, by reacting to the prepared esters with hydrazine
hydrate under reflux in ethanol. The two compounds 8a,b were prepared via condensation of 7a,b
with ethyl chloroacetate in dry acetone. Finally, the target 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyridazinones 9a-c
derivatives were obtained by the reaction of 7a with the appropriate aromatic aldehyde or substituted
acetophenones. The new compounds were then evaluated for their vasorelaxant properties using
isolated thoracic rat aortic rings. In addition, a homology model was built and molecular modeling
simulation of these compounds into the active sites of the newly created α1a-adrenoceptor model was
performed in order to predict and rationalize their affinities toward this receptor.

Results:
Among these compounds; 5a was the most potent, it exhibited approximately two-times the
activity of prazosin (IC50 = 0.250, 0.487 mmol, respectively) also, fourteen compounds were more
potent than prazosin.
Comparative Analysis of the Compression and Uplift Bearing Characteristics of PHC Pipe Pile on the Same Site
Authors: Shengxi Su , Jihui Ding , Meng Yan 
Published: March 2020

Introduction:
The analysis of single pile behavior is an important foundation for the analysis of group pile foundation and other complex pile foundations.

Methods:
Based on the analysis of the load transfer of the compression pile and the uplift pile, the DoseResp model is used to fit the normalized load transfer function.

Results:
The results show that the load transfer function of the uplift pile and the compression pile has similar characteristics, the goodness of fit of the DoseResp model to the test data is greater than 0.99, which can better reflect the load transfer law of the pile. The fitting parameters in the DoseResp model mainly depend on the end resistance sharing ratio, A2 (Top asymptote)is independent of pile type and soil property parameters and is close to 1. The DoseResp model is applied to the PHC pipe pile, and the method to determine the parameters of the model fitting is proposed, which can accurately determine the side resistance distribution of PHC compression and uplift pipe pile along the pile body. Under the same load, the amount of uplift on the top of the uplift pile is significantly greater than the settlement on the top of the compression pile.

Conclusion:
The end resistance sharing ratio of the compression pile and the uplift pile is between 5.76 and 12.80. The ultimate bearing capacity of the compression pile is 3.61 ~ 3.81 times of that of the uplift pile under the same geometric parameters.
The Psychoanalytic-Interactional Method (PiM) for Adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Streeck-Fischer Annette , Logé Charline , Salzer Simone 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Studies have shown the practicality of diagnosing borderline personality
disorder (BPD) in children from the age of 12 years (cf. ICD-11, DSM-5). Research
in the psychodynamic therapy of adolescents with BPD has been rare to date, however, there
do exist some studies on the efficacy and effectiveness of psychodynamic therapy in adults
with borderline personality disorder.

Methods:
We adapted the psychoanalytic-interactional method (PiM), originally developed
in the treatment of severely disturbed adults, to the conditions of adolescents diagnosed with
borderline personality disorder or structural deficits. Randomized controlled trial in an inpatient
setting (Salzer et al., 2013; Salzer et al., 2014) showed that PIM is efficacious for adolescents
with BPD symptoms. We describe the approach to treatment in detail.

Results:
The results of the therapeutic study and the short case vignette show that PiM is a
useful method in both inpatient and outpatient treatment and meets the specific requirements
of adolescent treatment.
Examining the Self-Harm and Suicide Contagion Effects of the Blue Whale Challenge on YouTube and Twitter: Qualitative Study
Authors: Khasawneh Amro , Chalil Madathil Kapil , Dixon Emma , Wiśniewski Pamela , Zinzow Heidi , Roth Rebecca 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundResearch suggests that direct exposure to suicidal behaviors and acts of self-harm through social media may increase suicidality through imitation and modeling, particularly in more vulnerable populations. One example of a social media phenomenon that demonstrates how self-harming behavior could potentially be propagated is the blue whale challenge.ObjectiveThis paper aimed to investigate the way individuals portray the blue whale challenge on social media, with an emphasis on factors that could pose a risk to vulnerable populations.MethodsWe first used a thematic analysis approach to code 60 publicly posted YouTube videos, 1112 comments on those videos, and 150 Twitter posts that explicitly referenced the blue whale challenge. We then deductively coded the YouTube videos based on the Suicide Prevention Resource Center (SPRC) safe messaging guidelines as a metric for the contagion risk associated with each video.ResultsThe thematic analysis revealed that social media users post about the blue whale challenge to raise awareness and discourage participation, express sorrow for the participants, criticize the participants, or describe a relevant experience. The deductive coding of the YouTube videos showed that most of the videos violated at least 50% of the SPRC safe and effective messaging guidelines.ConclusionsThese posts might have the problematic effect of normalizing the blue whale challenge through repeated exposure, modeling, and reinforcement of self-harming and suicidal behaviors, especially among vulnerable populations such as adolescents. More effort is needed to educate social media users and content generators on safe messaging guidelines and factors that encourage versus discourage contagion effects.
Improving Self-Care in Patients With Coexisting Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension by Technological Surrogate Nursing: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Or Calvin Kalun , Liu Kaifeng , So Mike K P , Cheung Bernard , Yam Loretta Y C , Tiwari Agnes , Lau Yuen Fun Emmy , Lau Tracy , Hui Pui Sze Grace , Cheng Hop Chun , Tan Joseph , Cheung Michael Tow 
Published: March 2020

Background
Technological surrogate nursing (TSN) derives from the idea that nurse-caregiver substitutes can be created by technology to support chronic disease self-care.

Objective
This paper begins by arguing that TSN is a useful and viable approach to chronic disease self-care. The analysis then focuses on the empirical research question of testing and demonstrating the effectiveness and safety of prototype TSN supplied to patients with the typical complex chronic disease of coexisting type 2 diabetes and hypertension. At the policy level, it is shown that the data allow for a calibration of TSN technology augmentation, which can be readily applied to health care management.

Methods
A 24-week, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial (RCT) was designed and implemented among diabetic and hypertensive outpatients in two Hong Kong public hospitals. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group, supplied with a tablet-based TSN app prototype, or to a conventional self-managing control group. Primary indices—hemoglobin A1c, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure—and secondary indices were measured at baseline and at 8, 12, 16, and 24 weeks after initiation, after which the data were applied to test TSN effectiveness and safety.

Results
A total of 299 participating patients were randomized to the intervention group (n=151) or the control group (n=148). Statistically significant outcomes that directly indicated TSN effectiveness in terms of hemoglobin 1c were found in both groups but not with regard to systolic and diastolic blood pressure. These findings also offered indirect empirical support for TSN safety. Statistically significant comparative changes in these primary indices were not observed between the groups but were suggestive of an operational calibration of TSN technology augmentation. Statistically significant changes in secondary indices were obtained in one or both groups, but not between the groups.

Conclusions
The RCT’s strong behavioral basis, as well as the importance of safety and effectiveness when complex chronic illness is proximately self-managed by layperson patients, prompted the formulation of the empirical joint hypothesis that TSN would improve patient self-care while satisfying the condition of patient self-safety. Statistical and decision analysis applied to the experimental outcomes offered support for this hypothesis. Policy relevance of the research is demonstrated by the derivation of a data-grounded operational calibration of TSN technology augmentation with ready application to health care management.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02799953; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02799953
How a Shared Auditor Affects Firm-Pair Comparability: Implications of Both Firm and Individual Audit Styles
Authors: Jiu Lili , Liu Bin , Liu Yuanyuan 
Published: March 2020

SUMMARY
In this study, we examine the roles of audit firms and individual auditors in improving financial statement comparability. We conduct the study in the Chinese setting, in which the identities of signing auditors are revealed in audit reports and accounting standards are principle based. After controlling for audit firm style, we find that firm pairs with shared signing auditors have incrementally greater comparability. Our results indicate that individual auditors exhibit their own personal style in implementing accounting standards and exercising professional judgment in the audit process. Overall, our study underscores the association between individual auditors and comparability, with practical implications for market participants and policymakers.
Consequences of Going-Concern Opinion Inaccuracy at the Audit Office Level
Authors: Xu Qiao , Kalelkar Rachana 
Published: March 2020

SUMMARY
This paper examines whether inaccurate going-concern opinions negatively affect the audit office's reputation. Assuming that clients perceive the incidence of going-concern opinion errors as a systematic audit quality concern within the entire audit office, we expect these inaccuracies to impact the audit office market share and dismissal rate. We find that going-concern opinion inaccuracy is negatively associated with the audit office market share and is positively associated with the audit office dismissal rate. Furthermore, we find that the decline in market share and the increase in dismissal rate are primarily associated with Type I errors. Additional analyses reveal that the negative consequence of going-concern opinion inaccuracy is lower for Big 4 audit offices. Finally, we find that the decrease in the audit office market share is explained by the distressed clients' reactions to Type I errors and audit offices' lack of ability to attract new clients.
Influence of Material and Surface Roughness of Resin Composite Cements on Fibroblast Behavior
Authors: Rohr N , Bertschinger N , Fischer J , Filippi A , Zitzmann NU 
Published: March 2020

Clinical Relevance
A well-polished cement surface increases the viability and spreading of gingival fibroblasts. The tested resin composite cements did not reveal any cytotoxic effects.

SUMMARY
Objective: This in vitro study aimed to investigate the effect of cement type and roughness on the viability and cell morphology of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1).
Methods and Materials: Discs of three adhesive (Panavia V5 [PV5], Multilink Automix [MLA], RelyX Ultimate [RUL] and three self-adhesive (Panavia SA plus [PSA], SpeedCem plus [SCP], RelyX Unicem [RUN]) resin composite cements were prepared with three different roughnesses using silica paper grit P180, P400, or P2500. The cement specimens were characterized by surface roughness and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic mapping. A viability assay was performed after 24 hours of incubation of HGF-1 cells on cement specimens. Cell morphology was examined with scanning electron microscopy.
Results: The roughness of the specimens did not differ significantly among the different resin composite cements. Mean Ra values for the three surface treatments were 1.62 ± 0.34 μm for P180, 0.79 ± 0.20 μm for P400, and 0.17 ± 0.08 μm for P2500. HGF-1 viability was significantly influenced by the cement material and the specimens’ roughness, with the highest viability for PSA ≥ RUN = MLA ≥ SCP = PV5 &gt; RUL (p&lt;0.05) and for P2500 = P400 &gt; P180 (p&lt;0.001). Cell morphology did not vary among the materials but was affected by the surface roughness.
Conclusion: The composition of resin composite cements significantly affects the cell viability of HGF-1. Smooth resin composite cement surfaces with an Ra of 0.2–0.8 μm accelerate flat cell spreading and formation of filopodia.