bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on mechanical properties of Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) Al-Cu-Mg/SiCp with Powder Metallurgy
Authors: Susila A B , Sugihartono I , Marpaung M A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The synthesis of aluminum (Al) alloys, Al-Cu-Mg from mixture powder 88.4 wt% Al; 3.8 wt% Cu and 1.8 wt% Mg the adding 6.0 wt% up to 7.0 wt% of SiCp on Al-Cu-Mg. After mixing the sample has been prepared by hot pressing process at a temperature of 350oC. After pressing sample has prepared by sintering one hour at a temperature 500oC and aging 16 hours. Al-Cu-Mg/SiCp alloys samples has been investigated. The structure analysis were examined by X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDX). The hardness was measured by hardness Vickers method. According to the results, it can be assumed that the 7 wt% of SiCp content is prefer content to get better quality of hardness Vickers of Al-Cu-Mg alloys.
Utilization of water hyacinth-based biomass as a potential heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production
Authors: Yani F T , Ulhaqi R , Pratiwi W P , Pontas K , Husin H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
With the aim to reduce the negative impacts caused by the widespread of water hyacinth to the environment, this paper reports the utilization of water hyacinth as a source of biomass to fabricate a heterogeneous catalyst. The catalyst was prepared by calcinating the grounded hyacinth biomass at 600°C, and K2CO3 was then introduced as a co-catalyst through impregnation method. The properties of biodiesel were also evaluated in terms of yield and density. To better understand the impregnation effects, surface topography, particle size, and atom composition of water hyacinth catalyst with K2CO3 impregnation were analysed. The performance of the synthesized catalyst was studied for the transesterification reaction of palm oil into biodiesel. The reaction was carried out in a batch mode for 3 hours with stirring at 65°C. The molar ratio of methanol to the oil of 12:1, and the catalyst loading was 15 wt. %. The highest yield (97.57%) was obtained from the process using 15% of the hyacinth-based catalyst which impregnated with 10% of K2CO3. The biodiesel produced was in the range of the SNI standard. The water hyacinth can be a promising heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production at an industrial scale.
Studies on degradation of rice husk ash filled in polypropylene composite films under natural weathering condition
Authors: Aprilia S , Syamsuddin Y , Razali N , Fitriani F , Amin A , Guswara F Y , Ihsan F 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Natural weathering of rice husk ash filled in polypropylene composite films has been investigated by exposing the samples to a tropical clime for 4 months with max-min temperature 22 - 30°C and relative humidity 75%. In this study, the film composites filled with rice husk ash for decay to get the composites that has good mechanical performance after exposure in natural weathering. Rise husk ash filled in film composite polypropylene effect of filler loading was 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% and compare with neat composite. The silica from rice husk ash was isolated with acetic acid. The weathered film composites polypropylene was investigated before and after exposure and analysed the morphology with FTIR and SEM. Mechanical test for the film composites polypropylene take place for tensile strength and percentages of elongation at break. The result show that the tensile strength and percentages of elongation at break decrease after natural weathering. The average tensile strength of film composites polypropylene decrease about 64.54 ± 17.50% and the elongation at break of film composites polypropylene decrease about 49.33 ± 15.28%. The morphology of film composites change structure of chemical and fracture surface after natural weathering.
Nano-bentonite as a low-cost adsorbent for removal of mercury from aqueous solution
Authors: Zaki M , Maulana A , Tirtayani F , Alam P N , Husin H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Study of the adoptive of mercury removal (Hg II) from aqueous solution was investigated by low-cost nanoparticle bentonite. Nanoparticle bentonite was prepared by the heating method at a temperature of 400 °C. The activation was carried out by immersed of natural bentonite in sodium hydroxide. The resulting powder was heating in the present of nitrogen gas as an activator agent. The bentonite sample was characterized by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Brunai Emmet Teller (BET). The prepared bentonite had a heterogeneous surface with a particle size of 100-300 nm. The nano-bentonite was then tested in the absorption of Hg2+ synthetic were varied of the initial concentration (Co) from 5 to 400 ppm with 0.2 gram absorbent and 100 ml solution. The Hg2+ absorption amount was analysed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The adsorption capacities were fully fit with Freundlich isotherm models. It was found that the adsorption process followed the Freundlich isotherm model with n value of 1.9577 and Kf of 8.3985. Therefore, using the low-cost nano-bentonite is a potential adsorbent for removal of mercury from water solution.
Predicting oil recovery through CO2 flooding simulation using methods of continuous and water alternating gas
Authors: Fathaddin M T , Thomas M M , Pasarai U 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this study, CO2 Flooding simulation models were used to predict oil recovery. The models were previously validated by laboratory experiments of continuous injection and water Alternating Gas (CO2) injection for miscible condition. Sensitivity test was performed to attain the effect of injection rate parameters. The simulation experiments indicated that the optimal performance for both methods obtained at injection rate of 0.09 cuft/day. The scenarios of continuous CO2 injection showed that the maximum recovery factor was 21.1%. While the maximum recovery factor of the scenarios of water alternating gas was 37.9%. Based on the results of the whole scenarios used, Walter Alternating Gas flooding resulted in more effective recovery factor than Continuous CO2 Flooding, within the range of injection rate studied.
The use of Trichoderma harzianum and Aspergillus niger in Indigofera zollingeriana fermentation
Authors: Puspitasari M , Hadist I , Rohayati T , Royani M 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIndigofera zollingerianais a feed that has high crude fiber content so it is difficult to use for poultry feed. The fermentation process using fungus is expected to overcome this problem. The study aimed to determine the interaction between dose and fungi kinds, with the length of fermentation on the protein and crude fiber content ofI. zollingeriana. Another goal is to determine the optimum conditions for fermentingI. zollingeriana. The method used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial pattern. The first factor consisted of 6 levels of the different fungi dosages, namely 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%Trichoderma harzianum; 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%Aspergillus niger. The second factor was four levels of the duration of fermentation: 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours. All treatments were repeated twice. The experimental data were tested by F test, then Duncan’s analysis was carried out. The results showed that there was an interaction between dose and fungi kinds with the length of fermentation. The optimal condition for fermentingI. zollingerianawithT. harzianumfungus was at a dose of 0.3% and 96 hours fermentation time. This treatment gave the increasing of protein content and reducing crude fiber content.
Phytochemical screening and proximate analysis of soybeans (Glycine max) variety Gamasugen 1 and Gamasugen 2 derived from gamma rays irradiation
Authors: Lisanti E , Arwin A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Soybean is very widely used in Indonesia, especially as a raw material for processed foods such as tofu and tempeh. This study aims to analyze the phytochemical content and proximate of variety irradiation soybean seeds Gamasugen 1 and Gamasugen 2. Phytochemical and proximate analysis of the seeds of soybean were carried out with quantitative and qualitative analysis. The proximate study analyzed included water content (oven method), ash content (furnace method), fat content (Soxhlet method), and crude fiber content (acid alkali digestion method). The results of phytochemical testing show that both soybeans (Gamasugen 1 and Gamasugen 2) contain flavonoid as quercetin, alkaloid, saponins, phenolic, triterpenoid, and glycoside. The proximate analysis results showed that Gamasugen 1 soybeans had a moisture content of 8.22%, lower than Gamasugen 2, which was 11.67%. Gamasugen 1 soybean content is 4.61%, lower than Gamasugen 2, which is 4.86%. Gamasugen 1 soybeans have a fat content of 14.50%, more economical than Gamasugen 2, which is 15.51%. Gamasugen 1 soybeans have a fiber content of 14.56%, higher than Gamasugen 2 soybeans, which is 9.96%. The conclusion shows the most top proximate analysis of soybean is found in fat content (Gamasugen 2) which is 15.51% and the lowest level is found in ash content (Gamasugen 1) which is 4.61%.
Baggasse charcoal optimization based on different concentration and immersing time to stabilize quality of cooking oil
Authors: Rahayu S , Pujiono F , Dewi M , Prasetiyo A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Sugar cane is a raw material for making sugar which can only be grown in tropical regions. Sugarcane bagasse generally consist of cellulose sugar groups such as hemicellulose, lignocellulose, and lignin. Other than that it contains hydroxyl groups to absorb colours and free fatty acids. The purpose of this study was to measure baggasse charcoal optimation based on different concentration and immersing time to stabilize cooking oil quality. CRD (Complete Randomized Design) was applied with 3x3 factors. Baggasse charcoal was activated using KMnO4 1N for 2 days. Variation of baggasse charcoal concentration are (5%, 10%, 15%) and variation time to optimation for 4, 5, and 6 days. The result showed that bagasse charcoal can affect the turbidity, smell, and colour from cooking oil that has been used repeatedly. The most effective concentration and immersing time is from sample 5% on 6 day. It can be concluded that re-used cooking oil applied with bagasse charcoal was clearer that those didn’t. The organoleptic assay also showed better profile on cooking oil.
The making KIT micro scale electrolysis experiments using lithium batteries based on green chemistry
Authors: Ratnasari D , Irwansyah F S , Subarkah C Z 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This research makes alternative learning media that aims to assist teachers or students in studying electrolysis. Micro-scale electrolysis KIT is made using research and development methods. The results showed that the stages of the manufacture of micro-scale electrolysis KIT includes the step of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation has been well done. The results of the feasibility test of micro-scale electrolysis KIT were declared valid with an average value of r count of 0.91. This shows that the micro-scale electrolysis KIT media that is made has a quite enough interesting, economical and practical appearance. Media presented with guided inquiry stages can help students learn electrolysis material.
The development of chemistry students’ 21 century skills through a STEAM project on electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions
Authors: Rahmawati Y , Agustin M A , Ridwan A , Erdawati E , Darwis D , Rafiuddin R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper portrays a study into the integration of a Science, Technology, Art, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEAM) project in chemistry learning of electrolyte non-electrolyte solutions for developing 21st-century skills. Thirty-two, year-10 students engaged in the study. The research employed qualitative methodology with multiple modes of data collection via semi-structured interviews; classroom observations, reflective journals, and documentation were guided by a 21st-century skills rubric. In addition, the project was assessed against the criteria of project development, STEAM integration, and product quality. Students designed an innovative project, integrating STEAM in developing and making a miniature LED by using the natural electrolyte solution sources, such as lemon, lime, apples, and salt water. Students created posters and video projects for presentation in a project exhibition. Students were able to integrate their knowledge from various fields to solve problems and create new innovations. The students used the 21st-century skills of collaboration, communication, critical thinking, creativity and innovation alongside technology as a tool for learning. The engaging learning environment encouraged students to develop their skills and chemistry conceptual understanding.
Student engagement in science learning through the integration of ethnopedagogy in wastewater treatment project
Authors: Rahmawati Y , Ridwan A , Mardiah A , Sandryani W , Mawarni P C , Setiawan A 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper describes a study to engage science students in learning about environmental pollution through the integration of ethnopedology in a wastewater treatment project. The study involved 40 year 7 junior high school students in Jakarta. In developing indigenous knowledge was explored, and cultural practices in dealing with environmental pollution in five region of Jakarta, Bandung, East Java, Central Java, and Banten, were integrated into the study. A qualitative research method used reflective journals, interviews, and a science concept test to gather data. The results show that ethnopedagogy integration in science learning engaged students in understanding their culture and learning identity, and developed their problem solving, critical and creative thinking skills. Conceptual understanding of the science was developed throughout the learning experiences. In addition, students have developed their skills in communication and collaboration through completing the project. Students faced the challenge of shifting their identity from passive to active learners using meaningful and enjoyable learning experiences.
Degradation of methyl orange by photo assisted fenton reaction using Indonesian bauxite as catalyst
Authors: Rahman A , Purwanto A , Yusmaniar Y , Saputro A A , Prasetyanto E A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Photo fenton catalyst is an effective and environmentally friendly catalyst for degrade organic pollutants. Novel photo fenton catalyst was successfully prepared from Indonesia bauxite was used as a catalyst for degradation of methyl orange solution. This catalyst is more cheaper than Nafion-based catalyst and more greener than other synthesized catalysts. It is easily prepared from Indonesian natural resources. X-ray diffraction measurements provide structure and mineral composition of bauxite, while XRF provides information on the composition of Fe by 18% by weight of bauxite mass. The presence of large amounts of Fe in bauxite acts as a catalyst in the decomposition of metyl orange. Testing of photo fenton activity to decompose metyl orange showed that Indonesian bauxite had high catalytic activity, was able to decompose 99.4% metyl orange within 40 minutes on irradiation using an 9Watt UVC radiation source.
Synthesis and characterization of LTA zeolite from Kaolin Bangka
Authors: Rahman A , Purwanto A , Endah A , Handoko E , Kusrini E , Prasetyanto E A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The synthesis of LTA zeolite from kaolin Bangka using hydrothermal method at low temperatures has been reported. Kaolin was converted into metakaolin by calcinaton process at a temperature of 750 °C for 2 hours then hydrothermal subsequently process at 60°C for 5 hours in a NaOH 3M solution. Characterization by using XRD provides information on changes from the crystalline to amorphous phase in the conversion of kaolin to metakaolin to complete and the formation of LTA zeolite after hydrothermal. SEM provides information on morphological changes that are typical for Kaolin, metakaolin and zeolite LTA. From these characterizations, it can be concluded that successfully synthesized LTA zeolite from Kaolin Bangka with high crystallinity using a simple method.
A simple formulation of lip balm using carrot extract as a natural coloring agent
Authors: Anisa H , Sukmawardani Y , Windayani N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study aims to determine the optimum combination of cera alba formulations in the manufacture of lip balm using carrot extracts as natural dyes corresponding to the SNI. The physical properties determined on the basis moisturizing lip wax. The method used is Research and Development. The study begins by macerating botanicals carrots with solvent n-hexane and concentrated by rotary evaporator. Furthermore, the manufacture of lip balms with various additions cera alba concentration which are 9%, 12.9%, and 16.4% and carrot extract concentration are 0.009%, 0.172% and 0.24%. To test the stability of lip balms, homogenity and organoleptic tests were carried out for 20 days at room temperature storage by observing changes in color, smell, and texture, pH test, rub test, and irritation test. The formulated lip balm is expected to be an alternative to be used as a moisturizer that is environmentally friendly and has minimal side effects compared to lipbalm currently on the market.
Analysis of X ray diffraction spectra of cholesteryl acrylate-Indium Tin Oxide nanoparticle composites
Authors: Afrizal A , Rahman A , Handoko E , Astuti E P , Jati L , Ismail M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Composites of cholesteryl acrylate with Indiun Tin Oxide (ITO) nanoparticle was made by UV curing technique at various the concentration of ITO nanoparticles. In this research using variation concentration of ITO nanoparticles. Polymer Cho-ITO nanoparticles have succeeded in becoming a composite. Pattern of X Ray Diffraction of Cholesteryl acrylate-Indium Tin Oxide nanoparticle (Cho-ITO) at ITO 10% w/w showed peak for Cholesteryl acrylate in 2θ at 2,6782°; 5,2275°; dan 15,8050° with value of dspacing (001) was 32,96 Å. For ITO in 2θ at 30,6244°; 35,5105°; 45,6814°; 51,0400°; dan 60,6473°. therefore pattern of XRD of Cho-ITO at ITO 20% w/w showed peak for cholesteryl acrylate in 2θ at 2,6372°; 5,2022°; dan 15,7867° that value of d spacing lattice (001) is 40,09 Å. For ITO in 2θ at 30,5685°; 35,4428°; 41,8550°; 50,9846°; 60,6252°. increasing value of d spacing for (001), that d spacing for cholesteryl acrylate 32,60 Å when added was by ITO 10% w/w dspacing increase untuil 32,96 Å. When added ITO 20% w/w value of d spacing until 40,09 Å.
Isolation, characterization, and antibacterial assay of friedelin from Garcinia latissima Miq. leaves
Authors: Ambarwati N S S , Elya B , Malik A , Hanafi M , Omar H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to isolate G. latissima Miq. leaves ethyl acetate extract and to understand its activity against B. subtilis. The isolation was performed by open column chromatography, recrystallization, preparative thin layer chromatography and the isolate antibacterial assay by microdilution method. Compound characterization using spectroscopy. The isolated compound was white crystal, soluble in chloroform and insoluble in n-hexane, ethyl acetate. The melting point of the isolated compound was 262-264oC. IR spectrum showed strong signals for C-H stretching of methyl groups and carbonyl oxygen (C=O). The based on NMR data, the chemical shifts of chemical compounds from the isolate was compared with the literature showed that the isolate was friedelin. The MIC of friedelin against B. subtilis was 2,500 ppm.
Detection of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli in artificially inoculated Milk sample using Real Time PCR method
Authors: Nurjayadi M , Efrianti U R , Azizah N , Kurniadewi F , Saamia V , Wiranatha I M , Nastassya L 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli are the bacteria the most common cause of food-borne illness. The aim of the study is to detection S. typhimurium and E. coli by Real Time PCR from milk samples. Gene targeted of S. typhimurium is pef and the E. coli is fimC. Confirmation test of all primers in contaminated milk with S. typhimurium and E. coli gave different cycle threshold (Ct) value in range 12-13. The detection limit for S. typhimurium with primer pef was in 7, 92 pg/μL and detection limit for E. coli with primer fimC in 7, 12 pg/μL. Each primer produces distinctive melting peak. The melting peak curve S. typhimurium with pef primer is 84,17°C and the melting peak curve E. coli with fimC primer is 79,97°C Based on the result of this study; all the primers were successfully applied in detecting S. typhimurium and E. coli bacteria in the milk sample quickly, sensitive and specific as well as can determine the number of bacteria accurately.
Production of stringbean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using phosphate solubizing bacteria and natural phosphate fertilizer on acid soil
Authors: Hidayat C , Pratama M A , Hasani S , Sudrajat A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Acid soil can be used for land extensification, but need input technology in order its for maximum crop growth support. The aim of the reserach was to know the effect of Phosphate Solubizing Bacteria and Natural Phosphat Fertilizer on the production of Stringbean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). A field trial at Universitas Padjadjaran research station 768 m above sea level had been carried out using randomized block design two factors with factorial pattern and three replications. The first factor was concentration of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (0 ml, 10 ml, 20 ml, 30 ml), while the second factor was the type of natural phosphate fertilizer (120 g of guano polybag−1, 120 g of rock phosphate polybag−1 and 120 g of swimmer crab flour polybag−1). The results showed there was no interaction effect of Phosphate Solubizing Bacteria and Natural Phosphate Fertilizer on harvest index. The type of natural phosphate fertilizer has an independent effect on leaf area and pod dry weight but the value is still below its potential production.
Microemulgel formulation of Kepok banana peel extract (Musa paradisiaca L) as an antioxidant
Authors: Sriarumtias F F , Najihudin A , Putri I R , Akmal A , Hamdani S 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe idea to utilize banana peel which had only become organic waste so far, led the researchers to conduct this study. The purpose of this study was to utilizeKepokbanana peel into microemulgel which had stable characteristic and antioxidant activity. The peel ofKepokbanana was extracted using maceration method with methanol solvent. The resulting extracts were then tested for antioxidant activity with the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-pikrilhidrazil) method, obtained IC50 values of 659,544 ppm. Concentration extracts in microemulgel formulation were 1X IC50 (F1), 2X IC50 (F2), 3X IC50 (F3) and positive controls containing vitamin C (F4). All formulas were evaluated including organoleptic, pH, viscosity, centrifugation, dispersion, irritation test and freeze and thaw. The evaluation results showed that only formula F3 changed organoleptically and decreased viscosity. The testing of antioxidant activity microemulgel containing banana peel extract revealed that F2 was the best formula on pharmaceutical requirements with the IC50 was 638 ppm and had good stability. For all formulas after an irritation test, no erythema or udema was found. Therefore, the irritation index was zero. The benefits of this study could provide an alternative source of phytocosmetic preparations as antioxidants and utilize organic waste into something useful.