bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An insight into bacteriophages' response to various physical and chemical conditions: temperature, pH, salts
Authors: Auroni Tabassum Tasnim , Islam Md Deen , Khatun Mst Salma , Monjur Md Shifat E , Yasmin Mahmuda , Ahsan Chowdhury Rafiqul , Jamalunnessa - 
Published: April 2020

Bacteriophages can survive under unfavorable conditions and their abilities of survivality are highly diversified. The influence of different physical and chemical conditions, such as temperature, pH and salts on the survivability of coliphages and shigaphages isolated from local clinical sewage samples have been summarized. Temperature at 45°C for 30 min caused 53.13% decrease in the number of coliphages but rather increased the number of shigaphages in present study. Temperature at 56°C for 30 min caused 91.41 and 100% fall in the number of coli- and shigaphages, respectively. pH 4 mediated 96.88% and pH 11 caused 100% decline in the number of plaques for coliphages. On the other hand, number of plaques of shigaphages was diminished by 100% at pH 4 and 91.67% at pH 11. MgCl2, MgSO4 and Na2SO4 salt solutions increased the number of coliphage plaques by 287.5, 125 and 37.5%. On the contrary, the decrease in the number of shigaphages was 79.31, 10.34 and 44.83%, respectively through the treatment. The various physical and chemical conditions investigated in this research have affected the test bacteriophages diversely. Temperature while applied at higher level (56ºC) affected the growth of both coliphages and shigaphages. Acidic and alkaline pH modified coli- and shigaphages' survivality and growth negatively. The three salts in question augmented the growth of isolated coliphages profoundly. However, the same three salts failed to do so for the isolated shigaphages.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 25(2): 185-194, 2016 (July)
Effect of aluminium toxicity on the accumulation and distribution of K+, Na+, Cl- and NO3 - in Oryza sativa L. and Cicer arietinum L.
Authors: Samad Rifat , Rashid Parveen , Karmoker JL 
Published: April 2020

Aluminium (10 to 150 μM) decreased K+ accumulation in the root and shoot of rice and the root, stem and leaves of chickpea seedlings. On the other hand, Al, at a concentration of 10, 50, 100 and 150 μM increased Na+ content in different parts of rice and chickpea seedlings. 150 μM Al increased Na+ accumulation in the root by 2.1‐ to 2.2‐folds from 3 to 96 hrs of treatment. Aluminium at a concentration of 150 μM caused a dramatic 2‐ and 3.4‐folds increase in Claccumulation in the root and shoot of rice, respectively. In chickpea, 150 μM Al increased Cl‐ accumulation in the root by 2‐folds. On the contrary, Al application decreased NO3‐ accumulation in different parts of rice and chickpea seedlings.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 26(2): 141-149, 2017 (July)
Effects of feeding frequency on growth performances and RNA : DNA ratio of the gangetic mystus (Mystus cavasius Hamilton, 1822) in laboratory condition
Authors: Rahman Mosheur , Alam Mohammad Shamimul , Rabbane Md Golam 
Published: April 2020

Experiments were conducted for a period of 90 days to estimate the effects of different feeding frequencies (one time per day: T1, two times per day: T2, three times per day:T3 and four times per day: T4) on growth performance of gulsha fish reared in laboratory facilities. Significantly higher condition factor was observed in T2 (1.61 ± 0.02) and lowest in T4 (1.40 ± 0.01). Significantly lowest SGR and ADG were recorded in T4 fish fed four times per day. No significant difference was obtained among different treatments for FCR and survival rate. The highest RNA : DNA ratio (0.93 ± 0.07) was observed in fish of T2 and the lowest ratio (0.57 ± 0.11) was observed in fish of T1. The results of the present study suggest that in laboratory rearing two meals per day could be supplied for better growth performances as per indication of condition factor and RNA:DNA ratio.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 27(1): 75-83, 2018 (January)
Cytogenetical characterization of Acalypha indica L. in Bangladesh
Authors: Bonna Ishrat Jahan , Alam Sheikh Shamimul , Sultana Syeda Sharmeen 
Published: April 2020

Acalypha indica L. was cytogenetically characterized after staining with orcein, CMA and DAPI. In this species "Simple Chromocenter Type" of interphase nuclei was observed with a few small heterochromatin blocks following orcein staining. Prophase chromosomes showed “Interstitial Type” of staining pattern with orcein which indicated the tendency of aggregation of heterochromatin in interstitial regions of chromosome. This plant was found to possess 2n = 20 metacentric chromosomes. The total length of 2n chromosome complement was 55.33 μm. Individual chromosome length ranged from 1.84 to 3.50 μm. The relative length of each chromosome ranged from 0.03 to 0.06. After staining with CMA, three bright bands were observed at different locations of chromosomes. A total of four DAPI-positive bands were also found of which two bands were centromeric and other two were entirely fluoresced with DAPI. The results of the cytological investigation may be useful for future characterization of this plant species.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 27(2): 183-189, 2018 (July)
Potentials of Rice Straw, Rice Hull and Saw Dust on the Growth and Yield Performance of Rice Grown Under Variable Moisture Conditions in Saline Soil
Authors: Akter Suma , Khan Md Harunor Rashid , Hossain Mohammed Sadid 
Published: April 2020

A field trial was carried out with rice (BRRI 64) grown in saline soil at Kuakata of Patuakhali District to evaluate the potential of rice straw, rice hull and saw dust each applied at the rates of 0, 4, 8 t ha-1 in moist and saturated conditions. Growth parameters and yield of rice were found to increase significantly (p ≤ 0.05) with the increased rates regardless of kinds of organic treatments under both the conditions. The highest plant heights (89 cm in moist and 101 cm in saturated condition) were recorded at maturity in the treatment, which received the combination (RH8RS8SD8) of highest rates of these 3 organic amendments. The lowest plant heights (73 cm in moist and 77 cm in saturated) were recorded in control condition (RH0RS0SD0). The maximum numbers of tillers were observed in RH8RS8SD8 and RH8RS4SD8 followed by RH8RS8SD4, RH8RS4SD4 and RH4RS8SD8 treatments at saturated condition. The straw dry matter and grain yields of rice were also found to vary significantly (p ≤ 0.05) due to single application of rice hull, rice straw, saw dust and moisture conditions but their combined effects were found to be significantly better at the higher levels. The highest grain yield (6.6 t ha-1) was recorded in RH8RS8SD8 treatment followed by RH8RS8SD4, RH8RS4SD8, RH8RS4SD4 and RH4RS8SD8 at saturated condition. Growth and yield of rice were attained better at saturated condition than that of the moist soil.
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 43(2): 197-206, December 2017
Contamination of Soil and Plant By the Hazaribagh Tannery Industries
Authors: Mondol MN , Asia A , Chamon AS , Faiz SMA 
Published: April 2020

An investigation was made at Hazaribagh Tannery area, comprising about 145 industries in Dhaka Metropolitan area. The analyses of soil and plant samples showed that heavy metals contribute significantly towards environmental contamssination resulting from industrial activities. Concentration of heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Pb, Cd, Mn, Fe and Ni) in soil and plant samples cross the MAC (Maximum allowable concentration) in both wet and dry season. In case of soil sample the highest concentration of Cr (172792 ppm) was found at main disposal point. Chromium, Zn, Pb, Cd, Mn, Fe and Ni concentrations at Hazaribagh plant samples respectively ranged from 171-1348, 247-777, 45-96, 1.66-2.17, 72-231, 354-787, and 18-38 ppm respectively in dry season and 75-1142, 209-691, 29- 84, 1.02-2.00, 66-124, 331-664, 11-37 ppm respectively in wet season. Concentration went down gradually with increasing distance from the main disposal point (spot 1). But again high concentration (150708 ppm of Cr) was noted in spot 6. Similar results were found for plant samples. High concentrations of heavy metals were found in plant samples which consequently affect food chain, which may be a major environmental concern.
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 43(2): 207-222, December 2017
URGENSI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PADA ANAK USIA DINI DALAM TINJAUAN NEUROSAINS
Authors: Sholichah Aas Siti 
Published: April 2020

This article will explain the urgency of early childhood character education in neuroscience review. The methods of research used are qualitative methods with a library approach. Neuroscience is a science that studies and specializes in scientific to the nervous system. In the study of early childhood neuroscience is a golden age in the process of human growth. Brain tissue cell growth in children aged 0-4 year reaches 50%, up to 8 years of age reached 80%. The rapid development of the brain along with the child's physical growth. In early childhood, the unconscious mind is functioning since the womb until age 5 years. The unconscious mind has the function of storing, habits, emotions, long-term memory, intuition, personality, creativity, belief, perception and value. The physical fact of the unconscious mind can be proved when the baby is crying that can be calm in the dethe mother, because since the baby is already acquainted with the figure of his mother through the uterus and heart rate. When viewed from its fugness, the subconscious mind serves to form a character.Keywords: Early childhood, Neuroscience, Character Education.Â ABSTRAKTulisan ini akan menjelaskan mengenai urgensi pendidikan karakter anak usia dini dalam tinjauan neurosains. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan kepustakaan. Neurosains adalah ilmu yang mempelajari dan mengkhususkan pada saintifik terhadap sistem saraf. Dalam kajian neurosains anak usia dini merupakan masa keemasan dalam proses tumbuh kembang manusia. pertumbuhan sel jaringan otak pada anak usia 0-4 tahun mencapai 50%, hingga usia 8 tahun mencapai 80%. Pesatnya perkembangan otak tersebut bersamaan dengan pertumbuhan fisik anak. Dalam tahap anak usia dini, pikiran bawah sadar berfungsi sejak dalam kandungan sampai usia 5 tahun. pikiran bawah sadar memiliki fungsi menyimpan, kebiasaan, emosi, memori jangka panjang, intuisi, kepribadian, kreatifitas, keyakinan, persepsi dan nilai. Fakta secara fisik pikiran bawah sadar ini dapat dibuktikan ketika bayi menangis yang bisa tenang dalam dekapan ibunya, karena semenjak dalam kandungan bayi sudah mengenal sosok ibunya melalui rahim dan detak jantung. Jika dilihat dari fugsinya, pikiran bawah sadar berfungsi untuk membentuk karakter.
PEMILIHAN METODE KONTRASEPSI OLEH IBU AKSEPTOR KB
Authors: Hanafi Fachrudi 
Published: April 2020

Latar belakang : Makin banyak jenis metode kontrasepsi yang tersedia saat ini akan makin banyak pula pilihan yang dapat dilakukan oleh masyarakat dalam memilih metode kontrasepsi. Metode kontrasepsi yang banyak jenisnya ini akan menyebabkan banyak ibu pasca salin mengalami kesulitan dalam menentukan pilihan jenis kontrasepsi yang akan digunakan. Tujuan penelitian : mengetahui faktor-faktor dalam pemilihan metode kontrasepsi oleh ibu akseptor KB. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah jumlah akseptor KB selama tahun 2015 di Puskesmas Karang Taliwang sebanyak 372 orang. Jumlah sampel penelitian ini adalah seluruh akseptor KB yang melakukan kunjungan ke Puskesmas dengan jumlah 30 orang. Metode pengambilan sampel secara accidental sampling. Data primer didapatkan melalui wawancara mendalam/depth interview dengan responden. Pengolahan data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil : pemilihan alat kontrasepsi oleh ibu akseptor KB dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan yang kurang sebanyak 21 orang (70%), tidak adanya pengaruh sosial budaya sebanyak 29 orang (96,6%), tidak adanya faktor agama sebanyak 26 orang (86,6%), adanya faktor biaya sebanyak 30 orang (100%), adanya faktor dukungan keluarga sebanyak 30 orang (100%) dan adanya faktor pendapatan keluarga 29 orang (96,6%). Kesimpulan : Dari semua faktor yang mempengaruhi pemilihan tersebut yang paling dominan adalah dukungan keluarga, biaya dan pendapatan keluarga.
Profil Penguasaan Konsep Tatanama Senyawa dan Persamaan Reaksi Pada Siswa Kelas XI IPA-4 SMA Negeri 2 Sampit Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Azarianti Dwi , Sadiana I Made , Asi Nopriawan Berkat 
Published: April 2020

Konsep tatanama senyawa dan persamaan reaksi merupakan salah satu konsep kimia yang di ajarkan di SMA kelas X. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penguasaan konsep tatanama senyawa dan persamaan reaksi pada siswa kelas XI. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. subjek penelitian ini adalah 30 siswa kelas XI IPA-4 SMA Negeri 2 Sampit tahun ajaran 2018/2019 yang sudah menerima pembelajaran tatanama senyawa dan persamaan reaksi. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa dokumen RPP yang didapat dari guru kimia, data penguasaan konsep siswa yang didapat melalui tes uraian dengan jumlah soal sebanyak 14 butir dari 4 indikator dan data hasil wawancara siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penguasaan konsep siswa pada topik tatanama senyawa dan persamaan reaksi siswa yaitu sebesar 74.18% berada pada kategori tinggi. Penguasaan konsep siswa terbagi kedalam 3 (tiga) kategori yaitu sangat tinggi, tinggi, dan sedang. Siswa pada kategori sangat tinggi berjumlah 9 siswa, siswa pada kategori tinggi berjumlah 12 siswa. Siswa pada kategori sedang berjumlah 9 siswa. Siswa mampu menuliskan rumus molekul dan rumus empiris suatu senyawa sebesar 81,66% dengan kategori tinggi, siswa mampu menuliskan nama senyawa anorganik dan senyawa organik sebesar 75,18% dengan kategori tinggi, siswa mampu menuliskan rumus kimia senyawa anorganik sederhana dan senyawa organik sederhana sebesar 84,58% dengan kategori tinggi dan siswa mampu menjelaskan bagian-bagian dari suatu persamaan reaksi sebesar 47,92% dengan kategori rendah.
Défis et enjeux de la migration africaine en Israël
Authors: Anteby-Yemini Lisa 
Published: April 2020

La société israélienne est divisée sur le sort des 32 000 demandeurs d’asile en Israël, originaires d’Érythrée et du Soudan principalement et détenteurs d’une protection temporaire : d’un côté des mesures gouvernementales d’exclusion, un discours politique criminalisant et des attitudes xénophobes expriment l’hostilité envers cette migration non juive ; de l’autre, une mobilisation inattendue de la société civile en faveur des « réfugiés africains » met en avant un devoir d’hospitalité envers ces populations en quête d’asile et fait usage du passé juif pour légitimer leur accueil. Dans les lieux de co-présence quotidienne, on assiste à des dynamiques également opposées témoignant, d’une part, d’une marginalisation spatiale, sociale et politique des migrants subsahariens, et d’autre part, d’une incorporation de facto sur le marché du travail, dans les institutions scolaires, la culture, les loisirs et les pratiques de consommation locales. Cet article s’interrogera donc sur les défis sociaux, spatiaux, politiques et juridiques posés par cette migration africaine dans un État juif, rejoignant certains défis que connaissent les pays du Maghreb et du Moyen-Orient.
La justice et le mouvement ouvrier au début du XX e siècle en France
Authors: Ducange Jean-Numa 
Published: April 2020

Au sein du « mouvement ouvrier », les attitudes à l’égard du droit et de la justice sont diverses. Certains estiment que la justice dans le cadre du capitalisme est nécessairement une « justice de classe » favorable aux intérêts capitalistes. D’autres, en revanche, accordent une certaine importance au droit, que ce soit dans une perspective de « droit ouvrier » (autour des syndicalistes révolutionnaires) ou bien de « socialisme juridique » (autour de la nébuleuse réformiste et de la figure d’Emmanuel Lévy). Le présent article analyse ces rapports contradictoires et complexes qui permettent de mieux comprendre l’affaire Durand, qu’il est nécessaire de penser en miroir de l’affaire Dreyfus.
Erreur judiciaire et réforme de la justice au XIX e siècle
Authors: Farcy Jean-Claude 
Published: April 2020

Parmi la centaine d’erreurs judiciaires reconnues au cours du xix e siècle, quelques-unes seulement ont eu un retentissement considérable dans la presse et l’opinion. Alors, la figure de martyr du condamné innocent et la campagne d’opinion dont il est l’objet mettent à l’ordre du jour la nécessité de réformes restées jusque-là à l’état de projets. La réforme dans un sens libéral de la procédure de révision – possibilité après décès du condamné (1867), prise en compte du fait nouveau (1895) – doit beaucoup au combat d’innocents condamnés et à leurs soutiens (héritiers Lesurques, affaires Pierre Vaux et Borras). Plus encore, c’est dans le sillage de quelques « scandales judiciaires » qu’est fortement contestée une instruction de type inquisitorial : la réforme de l’interdiction de communiquer (1865) et surtout la loi Constans (1897), faisant une place au principe du contradictoire, confirme que le progrès des libertés en matière de procédure pénale se fait souvent dans la douleur de l’erreur judiciaire.
Raymond Lindon, acteur et penseur de la justice du XX e siècle
Authors: Cholet Didier 
Published: April 2020

Raymond Lindon (1901-1992) est une grande figure judiciaire. D’abord avocat puis magistrat à partir de 1944, il a réalisé sa carrière au parquet. Auteur de nombreuses publications, il a été un important acteur et penseur de la justice. L’article, s’appuyant sur des documents inédits, retrace sa vie et son action au service de la justice ainsi que sa pensée à travers la défense de deux institutions : la cour d’assises et la Cour de cassation.
Apocalypse et livres sapientiaux
Authors: Vincent Gilbert 
Published: April 2020

La fièvre apocalyptique est un phénomène récurrent qui se présente comme une crise à la fois sociale et symbolique qui subvertit l’articulation spatio-temporelle constitutive d’un monde. C’est l’amplification imaginaire, quasi panique, de maux collectifs face auxquels l’espérance paraît en défaut. L’Apocalypse biblique a longtemps alimenté cet imaginaire. Or, dans le catastrophisme contemporain, né d’une angoisse écologique anticipant le pire, l’apocalyptique s’est sécularisé : la Nature (re)devient une figure mythique ; elle se vengerait d’avoir été abusée. Face à cette sorte de pathos collectif, quelle sagesse, quelle retenue sont-elles possibles ? Il se trouve que, dans le corpus biblique, l’opposition de deux types de temporalité – sous le signe de la fin des temps et sous celui d’une certaine continuité – a donné lieu à un travail symbolique intense dont on peut dire, en assumant le risque de toute interprétation, qu’il vise à limiter chacun de ces types par l’autre, donc à conjuguer « poétiquement » désespoir et confiance raisonnée, sinon dans le monde, du moins dans un « monde possible ».
Hypogene Point Karstification along Wadi Sirhan Graben (Jordan): A Sign of Oilfield Degassing?
Authors: Al-Malabeh Ahmad , Kempe Stephan 
Published: April 2020

Jordan is a country with a large area of limestone. Nevertheless, only a few limestone caves are known. Here we report about two caves along Wwadi Sirhan Graben of Jordan that appear to have formed by stoping upward of collapsed deep-seated hypogene cavities along breccia pipes. The first one, Uwaiyed Cave, is a small breakdown-dominated chamber in basalt of the Naslet Al-Dhirwa volcano; the second, Beer Al-Malabeh, is a large, bell-shaped sinkhole that has geologically recently opened up to the surface. Wwe discuss the possible processes that led to their formation. The review of the existing stratigraphy as obtained by oil well drilling suggests that no salt layers occur below the caves. Gypsum layers seem to be limited to 4 m in thickness, probably not enough to form the observed features. The remaining process is dissolution caused by ascending gas (H2S or CH4) -rich waters from the underlying oil and oil-shale fields. Wwhen such solutions reach the water table, bacterial oxidation may create enough dissolutional power to form localized and large cavities. Their collapse could lead to the observed collapse structures and would explain the paucity of other cave structures throughout southeastern Jordan.Keywords: Jordan, hypogene caves, sinkholes, oil fields, methane.
Intensive Versus Modified Conventional Control of Blood Glucose Level in Medical Intensive Care Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Bland David Kelvin , Fankhanel Yvonne , Langford Eileen , Lee Martha , Lee Scott W. , Maloney Colleen , Rogers Mark , Zimmerman Grenith 
Published: April 2020

• Background Critically ill postsurgical patients fare better with intensive control of blood glucose level. The link between glucose control and outcome is less well studied for medical intensive care patients. Whether intensive glucose control requires additional staffing is unclear.
• Objectives To compare intensive glucose control with modified conventional control in the medical intensive care unit and to assess compliance with glucose targets, incidence of hypoglycemia, and staffing adequacy.
• Methods Medical intensive care patients who had been receiving mechanical ventilation for less than 24 hours were randomized to intensive or modified conventional protocols for glucose control. Nurses were trained before participating in the study and were interviewed after its completion.
• Results Five subjects were randomized to each protocol. Mean blood glucose levels were 5.8 (SD 1.5) mmol/L (105.3 [SD 26.3] mg/dL) for the intensive group and 9.8 (SD 2.5) mmol/L (177.4 [SD 45.5] mg/dL) for the modified conventional group (P &lt; .001). Fifty percent of glucose levels met target values in the intensive group, and 72% of glucose levels met target values in the modified conventional group (P &lt; .001). Severe hypoglycemia (glucose &lt;2.2 mmol/L [&lt;40 mg/dL]) occurred rarely and without complication. Nurses suggested protocols might be improved by using smaller steps in adjusting insulin dosage and reported that simultaneously caring for more than 1 study subject was taxing.
• Conclusions Target levels for blood glucose were achieved with both protocols. Severe hypoglycemia was rare and uncomplicated regardless of type of glucose control. Additional staffing may be needed for intensive glucose control.