bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial cueing effects do not always index attentional capture: Evidence for a Priority Accumulation Framework
Authors: Darnell Maya , Lamy Dominique 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn visual search, improved performance when a target appears at a recently cued location is taken as strong evidence that attention was shifted to this cue. Here, we provide evidence challenging the canonical interpretation of spatial-cueing (or cue-validity) effects and supporting the Priority Accumulation Framework (PAF). According to PAF, attentional priority accumulates over time at each location until the search context triggers selection of the highest-priority location. Spatial-cueing effects reflect how long it takes to resolve the competition and can thus be observed even when attention was never shifted to the cue. Here, we used a spatial-cueing paradigm with abruptly onset cues and search displays varying in target-distractor similarity. We show search performance on valid-cue trials deteriorated the more difficult the search, a finding that is incompatible with the standard interpretation of spatial-cueing effects. By using brief displays (Experiment 1) and by examining the effect of search difficulty on the fastest trials (Experiment 2), we invalidate alternative accounts invoking post-perceptual verification processes (Experiment 1) or occasional failures of the onset cue to capture attention (Experiment 2). In Experiment 3, we used a combination of the spatial-cueing and dot-probe paradigms. We show that the events that occurred in both the cue and search displays affected attentional distribution, and that the relative attentional priority weight that accumulated at the target location determined how easily the competition was resolved. These findings fully support PAF’s predictions.Public significance statementMany studies aim at establishing whether certain objects mandatorily capture our attention. Here, we show that there is no “yes-or-no” answer to this question because the context in which an object appears determines whether this object captures attention. We show that our attention is not shifted to the highest-priority object atany given time: instead, information about priority is collected across time until some signal indicates that the appropriate moment for deploying our attention has arrived.Striking failures to notice conspicuous events routinely illustrate how limited our attentional system is: we can attend to very few objects at any given time, and probably to just one. In natural conditions, when we move the focus of our attention from one object to another, we also shift our gaze towards the attended location: this allows us to place the object of most interest in the center of our fovea, which maximizes the quality of its perceptual processing. Tracking the locus of suchovertattention is easily achieved by using eye-tracking devices. However, in order to isolate the benefits of attention from the benefits of visual acuity, one must studycovertattention – that is, attentional shifts in the absence of eye movements. These shifts are not directly observable and must therefore be inferred using indirect measures of processing.
Partial inhibition of mitochondrial complex I attenuates neurodegeneration and restores energy homeostasis and synaptic function in a symptomatic Alzheimer’s mouse model
Authors: Stojakovic Andrea , Trushin Sergey , Sheu Anthony , Khalili Layla , Chang Su-Youne , Li Xing , Christensen Trace , Salisbury Jeffrey L. , Geroux Rachel E. , Gateno Benjamin , Flannery Padraig J. , Dehankar Mrunal , Funk Cory C. , Wilkins Jordan , Stepanova Anna , O’Hagan Tara , Galkin Alexander , Nesbitt Jarred , Zhu Xiujuan , Tripathi Utkarsh , Macura Slobodan , Tchkonia Tamar , Pirtskhalava Tamar , Kirkland James L. , Kudgus Rachel A. , Schoon Renee A. , Reid Joel M. , Yamazaki Yu , Kanekiyo Takahisa , Zhang Song , Nemutlu Emirhan , Dzeja Petras , Jaspersen Adam , Kwon Christopher Ye In , Lee Michael K. , Trushina Eugenia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe demonstrate that mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I is an important small molecule druggable target in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Partial inhibition of complex I triggers the AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent signaling network leading to neuroprotection in symptomatic APP/PS1 mice, a translational model of AD. Treatment of APP/PS1 mice with complex I inhibitor after the onset of AD-like neuropathology improved energy homeostasis, synaptic activity, long-term potentiation, dendritic spine maturation, cognitive function and proteostasis, and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in brain and periphery, ultimately blocking the ongoing neurodegeneration. Therapeutic efficacyin vivowas monitored using translational biomarkers FDG-PET,31P NMR, and metabolomics. Cross-validation of the mouse and the human AMP-AD transcriptomic data demonstrated that pathways improved by the treatment in APP/PS1 mice, including the immune system response and neurotransmission, represent mechanisms essential for therapeutic efficacy in AD patients.
Catalytically Enhanced Cas9 through Directed Protein Evolution
Authors: Hand Travis H. , Roth Mitchell O. , Smith Chardasia L. , Shiel Emily , Klein Kyle N. , Gilbert David M. , Li Hong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-Cas9 system has found widespread applications in genome manipulations due to its simplicity and effectiveness. Significant efforts in enzyme engineering have been made to improve the CRISPR-Cas9 systems beyond their natural power with additional functionalities such as DNA modification, transcriptional regulation, and high target selectivity1–10. Relatively less attention, however, has been paid to improving the catalytic efficiency of CRISPR-Cas9. Increased catalytic efficiency may be desired in applications where the currently available CRISPR-Cas9 tools are either ineffective4, 11–14 or of low efficiency such as with type II-C Cas915–18 or in non-mammals19, 20. We describe a directed protein evolution method that enables selection of catalytically enhanced CRISPR-Cas9 variants (CECas9). We demonstrate the effectiveness of this method with a previously characterized Type IIC Cas9 from Acidothermus cellulolyticus (AceCas9) with up to 4-fold improvement of in vitro catalytic efficiency, as well as the widely used Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpyCas9), which showed a 2-fold increase in homology directed repair (HDR)-based gene insertion in human colon cancer cells.
A network-informed analysis of SARS-CoV-2 and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis genes’ interactions points to Neutrophil Extracellular Traps as mediators of thrombosis in COVID-19
Authors: Ding Jun , Hostallero David Earl , El Khili Mohamed Reda , Fonseca Gregory , Millette Simon , Noorah Nuzha , Guay-Belzile Myriam , Spicer Jonathan , Daneshtalab Noriko , Sirois Martin , Tremblay Karine , Emad Amin , Rousseau Simon 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAbnormal coagulation and an increased risk of thrombosis are features of severe COVID-19, with parallels proposed with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a life-threating condition associated with hyperinflammation. The presence of HLH was described in severely ill patients during the H1N1 influenza epidemic, presenting with pulmonary vascular thrombosis. We tested the hypothesis that genes causing primary HLH regulate pathways linking pulmonary thromboembolism to the presence of SARS-CoV-2 using novel network-informed computational algorithms. This approach led to the identification of Neutrophils Extracellular Traps (NETs) as plausible mediators of vascular thrombosis in severe COVID-19 in children and adults. Taken together, the network-informed analysis led us to propose the following model: the release of NETs in response to inflammatory signals acting in concert with SARS-CoV-2 damage the endothelium and direct platelet-activation promoting abnormal coagulation leading to serious complications of COVID-19. The underlying hypothesis is that genetic and/or environmental conditions that favor the release of NETs may predispose individuals to thrombotic complications of COVID-19 due to an increase risk of abnormal coagulation. This would be a common pathogenic mechanism in conditions including autoimmune/infectious diseases, hematologic and metabolic disorders.
Clinical characterization of respiratory droplet production during common airway procedures using high-speed imaging
Authors: Mueller SK , Veltrup R , Jakubaß B , Kempfle JS , Kniesburges S , Huebner MJ , Iro H , Döllinger M 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant number of healthcare workers have been infected with SARS-CoV-2. However, there remains little knowledge regarding droplet dissemination during airway management procedures in real life settings.Methods12 different airway management procedures were investigated during routine clinical care. A high-speed video camera (1000 frames/second) was for imaging. Quantitative droplet characteristics as size, distance traveled, and velocity were computed.ResultsDroplets were detected in 8/12 procedures. The droplet trajectories could be divided into two distinctive patterns (type 1/2). Type 1 represented a ballistic trajectory with higher speed droplets whereas type 2 represented a random trajectory of slower particles that persisted longer in air. Speaking and coughing lead to a larger amount of droplets than non-invasive ventilation therapy. The use of tracheal cannula filters reduced the amount of droplets.ConclusionsRespiratory droplet patterns generated during airway management procedures follow two distinctive trajectories based on the influence of aerodynamic forces. Speaking and coughing produce more droplets than non-invasive ventilation therapy confirming these behaviors as exposure risks. Even large droplets may exhibit patterns resembling the fluid dynamics smaller airborne aerosols that follow the airflow convectively and may place the healthcare provider at risk.
A demand forecasting model based on the improved Bass model for fast fashion clothing
Authors: Zhou Xiaoxi , Meng Jianfei , Wang Guosheng , Xiaoxuan Qin 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis paper examines the problem of lack of historical data and inadequate consideration of factors influencing demand in the forecasting of demand for fast fashion clothing and proposes an improved Bass model for the forecasting of such a demand and the demand for new clothing products.Design/methodology/approachFrom the perspective of how to solve the lack of data and improve the precision of the clothing demand forecast, this paper studies the measurement of clothing similarity and the addition of demand impact factors. Using the fuzzy clustering–rough set method, the degree of resemblance of clothing is determined, which provides a basis for the scientific utilisation of historical data of similar clothing to forecast the demand for new clothing. Besides, combining the influence of consumer preferences and seasonality on demand forecasting, an improved Bass model for a fast fashion clothing demand forecast is proposed. Finally, with a forecasting example of demand for clothing, this study also tests the validity of the method.FindingsThe objective measurement method of clothing similarity in this paper solves the problem of the difficult forecasting of demand for fast fashion clothing due to a lack of sales data at the preliminary stage of the clothing launch. The improved Bass model combines, comprehensively, consumer preferences and seasonality and enhances the forecast precision of demand for fast fashion clothing.Originality/valueThe paper puts forward a scientific, quantitative method for the forecasting of new clothing products using historical sales data of similar clothing, thus solving the problem of lack of sales data of the fashion.
Staff shortages in Swedish elderly care – reflections on gender and diversity politics
Authors: Lill Linda 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss how the labor shortage is described at the national level and how these problematizations correlate to gender and diversity politics. The paper is overview of the governance of staff shortages in elderly care, how it is articulated and how the governmental scenario of solutions, which includes the channeling of unemployed migrants into elderly care. Politicians and public media describe the situation as desperate and the issue of the staff shortages in elderly care is described as a state of crisis. A highly profiled solution is to open up elderly care for unemployed migrants.

Design/methodology/approach
By analyzing specific management strategies for controlling a phenomenon, the paper will also be able to highlight values surrounding the phenomenon. The ambition is to understand how institutions, authorities and organizations handle practical forms of knowledge that are aimed to implement a particular policy or working method within the welfare system.

Findings
One important aspect of the findings is the ways in which these official political discourses link the issues of migration and the shortages of staff in elderly care. But also visualize factors in how the government bodies with the formal responsibilities and authorities express their concerns about these links and the quality of the elderly care more generally.

Originality/value
It is well-known that migrants are employed to take care of the growing population of elderly in Europe. In Spain and Italy, for example, immigrants are frequently employed directly by families to care for their elderly family members. This type of employment entails a series of new social risks. The most important of those risks is the global “care chain” that these arrangements incur for the sending families, who lose a family member on whom they depend. This paper is connecting the international research on the global “care chain,” but focuses on the Swedish context, where the migrants already are established and elderly care work is not linked to migration in the same way. However, the experience of migration and the importance of transnational and cultural knowledge can be influential in understanding the changing processes in Swedish elderly care, not the least as the question of staff recruitment has been linked to migration by the highest political levels.
Contextualizing the issue of touristification in Asia
Authors: Katahenggam Nagathisen , Wee Victor 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to intend to contextualize touristification with a focus on Asia. It argues that touristification in Asia extends beyond physical transformation and is used as a socio-political mechanism by the state and communities alike. This study aims to broaden the discussions on touristification by noting how the issue of authenticity and state intervention is approached in Asia.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is based on literature review, sourced from academic material discussing touristification and the influence of tourism.

Findings
Aside from undertaking physical changes, states in Asia adopt a socio-political angle in the commercialization of culture for tourism so that the culture that is presented to tourists is aligned to its national image. The construction of culture and narration of history for tourism branding predominate touristification in Asia. Conversely, minority culture had also used cultural touristification in asserting their identity, as can be seen in South Thailand and Bali, Indonesia Also, hybridization and recreation of cultural activities in Asia contribute to the evolving debate on authenticity in tourism within Asia.

Practical implications
The paper suggests the implication of state intervention in branding and commodification of tourism among minority communities in Asia.

Originality/value
The paper contributes to an extended discussion on touristification by contextualizing the issue within Asia.
Quality assessment of a campus medical facility: a users' perspective approach
Authors: Hassanain Mohammad A. , Dehwah Ammar H. A. , Sanni-Anibire Muizz O. , Ahmed Wahhaj 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the quality of an on-campus medical facility at a leading university.Design/methodology/approachPublished literature was consulted to review knowledge areas on the usability and quality performance requirements of healthcare facilities. Quality indicators were, thus, developed from the extant literature and verified by a walkthrough of a case study medical facility. Then, a quality assessment survey was developed and administered to obtain feedback from users of the medical facility. Additionally, a focus group meeting was conducted to obtain more qualitative feedback on the issues identified through the questionnaire survey.FindingsThe results show that users were generally satisfied with the identified evaluation categories, indicating moderate quality. Potential quality issues related to the exterior and interior finishes, furniture and the indoor air were noted through focus group meetings. The study proposed a number of recommendations to enhance the design quality of the medical center.Originality/valueThe importance of this study is evident in the fact that the quality of healthcare facilities has a direct link to the performance and overall well-being of its intended users, as well as the overall success of its host organization. The study demonstrates the value of users' feedback on the quality of a built facility. It re-emphasizes the point that buildings can only be judged to be of high quality if the users' are highly satisfied.
Coupling analysis of the fatigue life and the TEHL contact behavior of ball screw under the multidirectional load
Authors: Zhao Jia-Jia , Lin Ming-Xing , Song Xian-Chun , Wei Nan 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to provide thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication (TEHL) contact model to study all balls’ lubrication performance of the ball screw when the multidirectional load is applied.Design/methodology/approachA new TEHL contact model combining the multidirectional load and the roughness surface texture is established to describe fatigue life of the ball screw. Meanwhile, the authors use the Reynolds equation to study the lubrication performance of the ball screw.FindingsWhen the multidirectional load is applied, contact load, slide-roll ratio and entrainment velocity of all balls have a periodic shape. The TEHL performance values at the ball-screw contact points including contact stress, shear stress, minimum film thickness and temperature rise are higher than that at the ball-nut contact points. The TEHL performance values increase with the increase of root mean square (RMS) except for the film thickness. In addition, the radial load of the ball screw has a significant effect on the fatigue life.Originality/valueThe results of the studies demonstrate the new TEHL contact model that provides the instructive significance to analyze the fatigue life of the ball screw under the multidirectional load.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at:https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-03-2020-0097/
Technology jump in the industry: human–robot cooperation in production
Authors: Dobra Zoltan , Dhir Krishna S. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
Recent years have seen a technological change, Industry 4.0, in the manufacturing industry. Human–robot cooperation, a new application, is increasing and facilitating collaboration without fences, cages or any kind of separation. The purpose of the paper is to review mainstream academic publications to evaluate the current status of human–robot cooperation and identify potential areas of further research.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review is offered that searches, appraises, synthetizes and analyses relevant works.

Findings
The authors report the prevailing status of human–robot collaboration, human factors, complexity/ programming, safety, collision avoidance, instructing the robot system and other aspects of human–robot collaboration.

Practical implications
This paper identifies new directions and potential research in practice of human–robot collaboration, such as measuring the degree of collaboration, integrating human–robot cooperation into teamwork theories, effective functional relocation of the robot and product design for human robot collaboration.

Originality/value
This paper will be useful for three cohorts of readers, namely, the manufacturers who require a baseline for development and deployment of robots; users of robots-seeking manufacturing advantage and researchers looking for new directions for further exploration of human–machine collaboration.
Women's expatriate careers: losing trust in organisational equality and diversity policy implementation?
Authors: Shortland Susan , Perkins Stephen J. 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how female expatriates interpret the effectiveness of practical implementation of equality/diversity policies, trusting this to support their expatriate careers.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional, qualitative research approach draws upon in-depth semi-structured interviews with 14 human resources equality/diversity policy implementers and 26 current female expatriates in two oil and gas firms.FindingsEarly-career stage female expatriates believe that equality/diversity policy implementation will support their international careers. At the most senior levels, women expatriates highlight unequal treatment breaching their trust in delivery of equality/diversity principles to support their expatriate career progression.Research limitations/implicationsLongitudinal research is needed to assess how early-career women expatriates' willingness to trust in organisational equality/diversity principles alters as their careers progress, and the effects of any changing trust relations on their contributions to organisational strategic objectives. Larger senior female expatriate samples are needed to research links between trust relations and turnover.Practical implicationsOrganisations must weigh up benefits from using transparent expatriate selection processes versus less formal mechanisms, if informal processes are not to undermine espoused equality interventions. Unconscious bias training should form part of wide-ranging programmes to tackle discrimination. Senior managerial action with embedded accountability is needed.Originality/valueExploring the rhetoric and reality of equality/diversity policy implementation on women comprising a minority expatriate group, this research demonstrates women expatriates' early-career trust in gender equality falls away as they first recognise and then accept diminishing female expatriate senior grade representation and the implications for their expatriate careers. Should turnover result, this could detrimentally affect organisational expatriate gender diversity objectives.