bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastric residual volume measurement in British neonatal intensive care units: a survey of practice
Authors: Dorling Jon , Tume Lyvonne , Arch Barbara , Woolfall Kerry , Latten Lynne , Roper Louise , Deja Elizabeth , Pathan Nazima , Eccleson Helen , Hickey Helen , Brown Michaela , Beissel Anne , Andrzejewska Izabela , Valla Frederic , Gale Chris 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveDespite little evidence, the practice of routine gastric residual volume (GRV) measurement to guide enteral feeding in neonatal units is widespread. Due to increased interest in this practice, and to examine trial feasibility, we aimed to determine enteral feeding and GRV measurement practices in British neonatal units.Design and settingAn online survey was distributed via email to all neonatal units and networks in England, Scotland and Wales. A clinical nurse, senior doctor and dietitian were invited to collaboratively complete the survey and submit a copy of relevant guidelines.Results95/184 (51.6%) approached units completed the survey, 81/95 (85.3%) reported having feeding guidelines and 28 guidelines were submitted for review. The majority of units used intermittent (90/95) gastric feeds as their primary feeding method. 42/95 units reported specific guidance for measuring and interpreting GRV. 20/90 units measured GRV before every feed, 39/90 at regular time intervals (most commonly four to six hourly 35/39) and 26/90 when felt to be clinically indicated. Most units reported uncertainty on the utility of aspirate volume for guiding feeding decisions; 13/90 reported that aspirate volume affected decisions ‘very much’. In contrast, aspirate colour was reported to affect decisions ‘very much’ by 37/90 of responding units. Almost half, 44/90, routinely returned aspirates to the stomach.ConclusionsRoutine GRV measurement is part of standard practice in British neonatal units, although there was inconsistency in how frequently to measure or how to interpret the aspirate. Volume was considered less important than colour of the aspirate.
Discovery and validation of surfaceN-glycoproteins in MM cell lines and patient samples uncovers immunotherapy targets
Authors: Oldham Robyn A A , Faber Mary L , Keppel Theodore R , Buchberger Amanda R , Waas Matthew , Hari Parameswaran , Gundry Rebekah L , Medin Jeffrey A 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. While recent advances in treatment for MM have improved patient outcomes, the 5-year survival rate remains ~50%. A better understanding of the MM cell surface proteome could facilitate development of new directed therapies and assist in stratification and monitoring of patient outcomes.MethodsIn this study, we first used a mass spectrometry (MS)-based discovery-driven cell surface capture (CSC) approach to map the cell surfaceN-glycoproteome of MM cell lines. Next, we developed targeted MS assays, and applied these to cell lines and primary patient samples to refine the list of candidate tumor markers. Candidates of interest detected by MS on MM patient samples were further validated using flow cytometry (FCM).ResultsWe identified 696 MM cell surfaceN-glycoproteins by CSC, and developed 73 targeted MS detection assays. MS-based validation using primary specimens detected 30 proteins with significantly higher abundance in patient MM cells than controls. Nine of these proteins were identified as potential immunotherapeutic targets, including five that were validated by FCM, confirming their expression on the cell surface of primary MM patient cells.ConclusionsThis MM surfaceN-glycoproteome will be a valuable resource in the development of biomarkers and therapeutics. Further, we anticipate that our targeted MS assays will have clinical benefit for the diagnosis, stratification, and treatment of MM patients.
CD163+cytokine-producing cDC2 stimulate intratumoral type 1 T cell responses in HPV16-induced oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Santegoets Saskia J , Duurland Chantal L , Jordanova Ekaterina J , van Ham Vanessa J , Ehsan Ilina , Loof Nikki M , Narang Vipin , Dutertre Charles A , Ginhoux Florent , van Egmond Sylvia L , J P Welters Marij , van der Burg Sjoerd H 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is a distinct clinical entity with a much better prognosis after (chemo)radiotherapy than HPV-negative OPSCC, especially in patients with a concomitant intratumoral HPV-specific and type-1 cytokine-oriented T cell response. However, knowledge on the type of myeloid cells and their coordination with intratumoral T cells and influence on patient outcome in OPSCC is lacking.MethodsWe analyzed the presence of intratumoral myeloid cells and their relationship to tumor-infiltrating T cells and patient outcome in a well-described cohort of HPV16+patients with OPSCC using multispectral immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and functional analyses.ResultsWe show that the tumor microenvironment of HPV16+OPSCC tumors with such an ongoing HPV16-specific T cell response is highly infiltrated with a newly defined CD163+cytokine-producing subset of conventional dendritic cell type 2 (cDC2), called DC3. These CD163+cDC2 predominantly stimulated type 1 T cell polarization and produced high levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18, required for IFNγ and IL-22 production by T cells after cognate antigen stimulation. Tumor-infiltration with these CD163+cDC2 positively correlated with the infiltration by Tbet+and tumor-specific T cells, and with prolonged survival.ConclusionsThese data suggest an important role for intratumoral CD163+cDC2 in stimulating tumor-infiltrating T cells to exert their antitumor effects.
Can Lorentz invariance violation affect the sensitivity of deep underground neutrino experiment?
Authors: Agarwalla Sanjib Kumar , Masud Mehedi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe examine the impact of Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) in measuring the octant of $$\theta _{23}$$θ23 and CP phases in the context of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). We consider the CPT-violating LIV parameters involving $$e - \mu $$e-μ ($$a_{e\mu }$$aeμ) and $$e - \tau $$e-τ ($$a_{e\tau }$$aeτ) flavors, which induce an additional interference term in neutrino and antineutrino appearance probabilities. This new interference term depends on both the standard CP phase $$\delta $$δ and the new dynamical CP phase $$\varphi _{e\mu }$$φeμ/$$\varphi _{e\tau }$$φeτ, giving rise to new degeneracies among ($$\theta _{23}$$θ23, $$\delta $$δ, $$\varphi $$φ). Taking one LIV parameter at-a-time and considering a small value of $$|a_{e\mu }| = |a_{e\tau }| = 5 \times 10^{-24}$$|aeμ|=|aeτ|=5×10-24 GeV, we find that the octant discovery potential of DUNE gets substantially deteriorated for unfavorable combinations of $$\delta $$δ and $$\varphi _{e\mu }$$φeμ/$$\varphi _{e\tau }$$φeτ. The octant of $$\theta _{23}$$θ23 can only be resolved at $$3\sigma $$3σ if the true value of $$\sin ^2\theta _{23} \lesssim 0.42$$sin2θ23≲0.42 or $$ > rsim 0.62$$≳0.62 for any choices of $$\delta $$δ and $$\varphi $$φ. Interestingly, we also observe that when both the LIV parameters $$a_{e\mu }$$aeμ and $$a_{e\tau }$$aeτ are present together, they cancel out the impact of each other to a significant extent, allowing DUNE to largely regain its octant resolution capability. We also reconstruct the CP phases $$\delta $$δ and $$\varphi _{e\mu }$$φeμ/$$\varphi _{e\tau }$$φeτ. The typical $$1\sigma $$1σ uncertainty on $$\delta $$δ is 10–15$$^{\circ }$$∘ and the same on $$\varphi _{e\mu }$$φeμ/$$\varphi _{e\tau }$$φeτ is 25–30$$^{\circ }$$∘ depending on the choices of their true values.
The effects of percutaneous coronary intervention on mortality in elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing coronary angiography
Authors: Gündoğmuş Pınar D , Ölçü Emrah B , Öz Ahmet , Tanboğa İbrahim H , Orhan Ahmet L 
Published: August 2020

Introduction Although it is recommended that elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) should undergo an assessment for invasive revascularization, these patients undergo fewer coronary interventions despite the current guidelines. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention on all-cause mortalities monthly and annually in the population. Methods Three hundred and twenty-four patients with NSTEMI aged 65 years or older who underwent coronary angiography and treated with conservative strategy or percutaneous coronary intervention were included in the study. All demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded and one-month and one-year follow-up results were analysed. Results Two hundred eight cases (64.19%) were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention and 116 cases (35.81%) of the participant were treated with conservative methods. The mean age of the participants was 75.41 ± 6.65 years. The treatment strategy was an independent predictor for the mortality of one-year (HR: 1.965). Furthermore, Killip class ≥2 (HR:2.392), Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (HR:2.637) and renal failure (HR: 3.471) were independent predictors for one-year mortality. Conclusion The present study has revealed that percutaneous coronary intervention was effective on one-year mortality in NSTEMI patients over the age of 65. It is considered that percutaneous coronary intervention would decrease mortality in these patients but it should be addressed in larger population studies.
A top 5 list for French general practice
Authors: Hazard Agnès , Fournier Lucie , Rossignol Louise , Pelletier Fleury Nathalie , Hervé Corentin , Pitel Thibaud , Pino Cécile , Saint-Lary Olivier , Hanslik Thomas , Blanchon Thierry , François Mathilde 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Medical overuse is an issue that has recently gained attention. The “Choosing Wisely” campaign invited each specialty in each country to create its own top five lists of care procedures with a negative benefit-risk balance to promote dialogue between patients and physicians.
This study aims to create such a list for French general practice.

Methods
A panel of general practitioners (GPs) suggested care procedures that they felt ought to be prescribed less. Using the Delphi method, a short list of those suggestions was selected. Systematic literature reviews were performed for each item on the short list. The results were presented to the panel to assist with the final selection of the top five list.

Results
The panel included 40 GPs. The list includes: i/ antibiotics prescription for acute bronchitis, nasopharyngitis, otitis media with effusion, or uncomplicated influenza, ii/ systematic prostate specific antigen testing in men older than 50, iii/ prescription of cholinesterase inhibitors for mild cognitive impairment and for Alzheimer’s disease and memantine for Alzheimer’s disease, iv/ statins prescription in primary prevention of cardio-vascular risk in older patients, and v/ benzodiazepine or benzodiazepine-like agents prescription for generalised anxiety, insomnia, and for all indications in older patients.

Conclusions
This study resulted in a French top five list in general practice using a panel of GPs. All the items selected have a negative risk-benefit balance and are frequently prescribed by French general practitioners. This list differs from other top five lists for general practice, reflecting the local medical culture.
Suicide ideation, attempt, and determinants among medical students Northwest Ethiopia: an institution-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Desalegn Getachew Tesfaw , Wondie Mesele , Dereje Saron , Addisu Adanech 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundSuicide ideation and attempt are more highly prevalent among medical students compared to the general population. Suicidal thought negatively impacts the quality of life, physical, and mental well-being of the students. However, research into suicide ideation and attempt among medical students in low- and middle-income countries is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explore suicide ideation and attempt and their determinants among medical students in Ethiopia have a crucial role for further intervention.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 393 medical students from March to June 2019 at the University of Gondar (UoG) in Ethiopia. Simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Suicide ideation and attempt were assessed using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) to assess lifetime suicide ideation and attempts during medical school. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with suicide ideation and attempt. An odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to assess the strength of the association.ResultsA total of 393 participants took part with a response rate of 92.9%. The prevalence of suicide ideation and attempt among study participants was found to be 14% and 7.4%, respectively, with 95% CI (10.9–18.1) and (5.1–10.2). Being female (AOR: 5.21, 95% CI 3.42–7.20), co-morbid depression symptoms (AOR: 10.12, 95% CI 6.80–15.52), current khat chewing (AOR: 4.46, 95% CI 3.32–10.02), and poor social support (AOR: 4.46, 95% CI 3.43–9.87) were factors significantly associated with suicide ideation; whereas, female sex (AOR: 8.08, 95% CI 6.04–12.39), depression (AOR: 10.66, 95% CI 8.01–19.01)and history of mental illness (AOR: 5.53, 95% CI 5.20–15.50) were factors significantly associated with suicide attempt.ConclusionsIn the current study, the prevalence of suicide ideation among medical students was low compared to other studies, but the suicide attempt was high. Ministry of Health should develop a guideline on how to screen and manage suicide ideation and attempt among medical students.
Species diversity of different insect families trapped under beer-based volatile fermentation
Authors: Iqbal Mazher Farid , Feng Yu-Long 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Insect species composition is an important phenomenon playing a significant role in the ecosystem. Chemical control of insects and pests releases toxic materials to the environment. These chemicals are dangerous to human populations. In this situation, there is a dire need to develop strategies to overcome the haphazard use of chemicals. The present investigations were carried out to explore the diversity of different insects attracted through bait fermentation.

Methods
The traditionally prepared bait fermentation was used to attract different insect populations both in treated (traps installed near field crops) and control traps (traps installed near invasive weed). Abundance, evenness, richness and equitability of these trapped insects were calculated. The chemical screening of bait fermentation was done using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS).

Results
Significant difference (P < 0.05) in abundance of insect populations was found in treated compared to control trap. The insects of Noctuidae family recorded high Shannon- Wiener’s diversity index followed by Muscidae. Margalef’s index was recorded maximum in the treated traps (10.77) compared to those of control (8.09). The yielded index indicated that maximum richness was found in bait treated compared to control. The Shannon’s equitability’s values were investigated higher in Noctuidae (1.48), while, maximum evenness was observed in Muscidae (2.05) in treated trap. This fermentation was dried at room temperature and ground at 0.1 micron size. Our result showed significant (P < 0.05) effects of extraction times, with high yield in first extraction by polar solvents. Co-efficient of determination (R2= 0.87) recorded similar results in both extractions, however high root mean square error (0.97) recorded with bait + distilled water solvent showed linear arc line gave better performance. Finally, this fermentation was analyzed using GC–MS and recorded volatile compounds that were involved in the attraction of major and minor pests.

Conclusion
Fermentation can help for the attraction of different families of insects of various crops. The field experiment suggested that this fermentation is economical, easily installed and consumed only 0.64 RMB/0.09 USD, including infrastructures per location. Bait fermentation is safe biochemical constituents and did not spread any toxic chemicals to the environment.
Synthesis, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies of 2-chloro-5-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfamoyl]-N-(alkyl/aryl)-4-nitrobenzamide derivatives as antidiabetic agents
Authors: Thakral Samridhi , Narang Rakesh , Kumar Manoj , Singh Vikramjeet 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA series of 2-chloro-5-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfamoyl]-N-(alkyl/aryl)-4-nitrobenzamide derivatives(5a–5v)has been synthesized and confirmed by physicochemical(Rf, melting point) and spectral means (IR,1HNMR,13CNMR). The results of in vitro antidiabetic study against α-glucosidase indicated that compound5obearing 2-CH3-5-NO2substituent on phenyl ring was found to be the most active compound against both enzymes. The electron donating (CH3) group and electron withdrawing (NO2) group on a phenyl ring highly favoured the inhibitory activity against these enzymes. The docking simulations study revealed that these synthesized compounds displayed hydrogen bonding, electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions with active site residues. The structure activity relationship studies of these compounds were also corroborated with the help of molecular modeling studies. Molecular dynamic simulations have been done for top most active compound for validating its α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory potential, RMSD analysis of ligand protein complex suggested the stability of top most active compound5oin binding site of target proteins. In silico ADMET results showed that synthesized compounds were found to have negligible toxicity, good solubility and absorption profile as the synthesized compounds fulfilled Lipinski’s rule of 5 and Veber’s rule.
Hilar lymphadenopathy, a novel finding in the setting of coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a case report
Authors: Mughal Mohsin Sheraz , Rehman Rameez , Osman Ramy , Kan Nathan , Mirza Hasan , Eng Margaret H. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
As the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has progressed, computed tomography has emerged as an integral part of the diagnosis alongside reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction assays. Frequently encountered imaging findings include peripheral airspace consolidations; bilateral ground-glass opacities; and, less commonly, cavitation. Hilar lymphadenopathy is a rarely reported finding in the setting of COVID-19.

Case presentation
A 73-year-old Caucasian woman presented to our hospital with fever and fatigue. She had a maximum body temperature of 102.3 °F with lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia. She was diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection on the basis of a positive result from a reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction of a nasopharyngeal swab sample. Contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography revealed multifocal, subpleural ground-glass opacities with nodular consolidations bilaterally. Computed tomography also demonstrated atypical bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, a rarely reported imaging feature of COVID-19. Chest computed tomography 1 month before the presentation did not show focal consolidations or lymphadenopathy. This indicated that the findings were due to the patient’s severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. She received 5 days of oral hydroxychloroquine and experienced resolution of her symptoms.

Conclusion
Chest computed tomography has been used extensively to diagnose and characterize the distinguishing radiological findings associated with viral pneumonia. It has emerged as an integral part of the diagnosis of COVID-19 alongside reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction assays. Clinicians must be aware of uncommon clinical and radiological findings in order to diagnose this entity. Hilar lymphadenopathy is commonly seen with fungal infections, mycobacterial infections, and sarcoidosis. An extensive literature review found that bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy has not been reported in the setting of COVID-19. More data are needed to establish the clinical impact of this novel finding.
Changes of plasma fibronectin and fibronectin-fibrin complexes in dams of stillborn dairy calves
Authors: Jawor Paulina , Krzyżanowska-Gołąb Dorota , Bajzert Joanna , Stefaniak Tadeusz , Kątnik-Prastowska Iwona 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Fibronectin (FN) is a large (450–500 kDa), multidomain and multifunctional glycoprotein existing in mammalian tissues. Some fibronectin (FN) molecular forms might be involved in biological processes occurring within the perinatal period, such as tissue remodeling, coagulation, and repair.

Results
In this study fibronectin (FN) and fibrinogen (Fb) concentrations and FN-fibrin complexes occurrence and its relative amounts with increasing high molecular masses were respectively determined by ELISA, heat precipitation, and SDS-agarose-immunoblotting methods. Plasma samples from three groups of dams with: 1) singleton stillborn calf without or with negligible autolytic changes in internal organs (DSBn), 2) singleton stillborn calf with advanced autolytic changes in internal organs (DSBa), 3) singleton live-born control calf (DC), and 4) a group of cows during mid to late lactation (LC) were analyzed. Maternal plasma FN concentration in the DSBn and DSBa groups was significantly lower than in the LC group. The plasma samples of DSBa showed a significantly lower FN concentration than in the DC group. Plasma Fb concentration was significantly higher in the DSBa and DSBn, than in the LC group. FN immunoblotting of the cow plasma samples revealed, besides an FN-dimer band, the presence of supramolecular FN-fibrin bands corresponding to FN-fibrin complexes with increasing molecular masses: up to 5 bands from 750 kDa to 1900 kDa in the DSBn and DSBa plasma samples, two bands of 750 and 1000 kDa in the DC group, and only the smallest one of 750 kDa in the LC group.

Conclusions
The observed low FN concentration and occurrence of supramolecular FN-fibrin complexes (1000 kDa and more) in the maternal plasma comparing to cows in lactation might have been associated with periparturient changes in tissues. The presence in maternal plasma of high-molecular FN-fibrin complexes (1300–1900 kDa) arouse the question if this is the consequence of calf perinatal mortality.
Glutamine uptake and utilization of human mesenchymal glioblastoma in orthotopic mouse model
Authors: Oizel Kristell , Yang Chendong , Renoult Ophelie , Gautier Fabien , Do Quyen N. , Joalland Noemie , Gao Xiaofei , Ko Bookyung , Vallette François , Ge Woo-Ping , Paris François , DeBerardinis Ralph J. , Pecqueur Claire 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) are highly heterogeneous on the cellular and molecular basis. It has been proposed that glutamine metabolism of primary cells established from human tumors discriminates aggressive mesenchymal GBM subtype to other subtypes.

Methods
To study glutamine metabolism in vivo, we used a human orthotopic mouse model for GBM. Tumors evolving from the implanted primary GBM cells expressing different molecular signatures were analyzed using mass spectrometry for their metabolite pools and enrichment in carbon 13 (13C) after 13C-glutamine infusion.

Results
Our results showed that mesenchymal GBM tumors displayed increased glutamine uptake and utilization compared to both control brain tissue and other GBM subtypes. Furthermore, both glutamine synthetase and transglutaminase-2 were expressed accordingly to GBM metabolic phenotypes.

Conclusion
Thus, our results outline the specific enhanced glutamine flux in vivo of the aggressive mesenchymal GBM subtype.