bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Market microstructure and the historical relationship between the US farm credit system, farm service agency and commercial bank lending
Authors: Turvey Calum G. , Carduner Amy , Ifft Jennifer 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the market microstructure related to the Farm Credit System (FCS), Commercial Banks (CB) and Farm Services Administration (FSA). The commercial banks frequently call out the FCS as having an unfair advantage in the agricultural finance market place due to tax exempt bonds, and an implied guarantee of those bonds. This paper addresses the issue by examining the interrelationships since 1939, while addressing the historically distinctive roles that the FCS, CB and FSA have played in the US agricultural credit market.Design/methodology/approachThere are two components to our model. The first is the estimation of short and long run credit demand elasticities, as well as land elasticities. These are estimated from a dynamic duality model using seemingly unrelated regression. The point elasticity measures are then used as independent variables in least square regressions, combined with farm specific and related macro variables, for the Cornbelt states. The dependent variable is the year-over-year changes in paired FCS, CB and FSA loans.FindingsThe genesis of the FCS was to provide credit to farmers in good and bad years. Therefore, we expected to see a countercyclical relationship between FCS and CB. This is found for the farm crisis years in the 1980s but is not a continuous characteristic of FCS lending. In good times the FCS and CB appear to compete, albeit with differentiated market segmentation into short- and long-term credit. The FSA, which was established to provide tertiary support to both the FCS and CB, appears to be responding as designed, with greater activity in bad years. The authors find the elasticity measures to be economically significant.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors conclude that the market microstructure of the agricultural credit market in the US is important. Our analysis applies a broader definition of market microstructure for institutions and intermediaries and reveals that further research examining the economic frictions caused by comparative bond vs deposit funding of agricultural credit is important.Originality/valueThe authors believe that this is the first paper to examine agricultural finance through the market microstructure lens. In addition our long-term data measures allow us to examine the economics through various sub-periods. Finally, we believe that our introduction of credit and land demand elasticities into a comparative credit model is also a first.
Social computing applications as a resource for newly arrived refugees in Kronoberg, Sweden
Authors: García Alonso Roberto , Thoene Ulf , Dávila Benavides Diego 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
European countries face the crucial challenge of integrating newly arrived refugees into society. The purpose of this paper is to explore the feasibility of using e-government services developed by local authorities, as well as NGOs, to support integration processes by analyzing migrants’ perceptions of the utility, usability and efficacy of social computing applications and their impact on integration.

Design/methodology/approach
A random sample of 67 newly arrived refugees in Kronoberg County, Sweden, responded to a questionnaire in English, Swedish and Arabic comprising 26 questions covering six central domains (employment, housing, education, health, citizenship and m-government/information and communication technology for refugees).

Findings
The successful design and implementation of digital solutions to address social issues or organizational needs are best achieved through collaboration among public, private and academic institutions. The potential use of social computing applications and online services as a resource to support refugee integration processes is determined by people’s preferences and skills when using digital devices. Moreover, newcomers have negative perceptions of online services and sharing personal information because of a lack of confidence and mistrust of social computing applications.

Research limitations/implications
Findings cannot necessarily be extrapolated to Sweden as a whole, or to other European countries, owing to the Swedish government’s determination to devolve decision-making over certain refugee-related issues to the county and municipal levels, and to various European digital ecosystems.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the analysis of the utility and efficacy of e-government services to integrate newly arrived refugees. This paper points to future improvements in social computing applications and shows the potential of public and third-sector institutions to facilitate the integration of new refugee communities and improve their quality of life.
Application of a collocation method based on linear barycentric interpolation for solving 2D and 3D Klein-Gordon-Schrödinger (KGS) equations numerically
Authors: Oruç Ömer 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to obtain accurate numerical solutions of two-dimensional (2-D) and 3-dimensional (3-D) Klein–Gordon–Schrödinger (KGS) equations.

Design/methodology/approach
The use of linear barycentric interpolation differentiation matrices facilitates the computation of numerical solutions both in 2-D and 3-D space within reasonable central processing unit times.

Findings
Numerical simulations corroborate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.

Originality/value
Linear barycentric interpolation method is applied to 2-D and 3-D KGS equations for the first time, and good results are obtained.
Seeking authenticity in school leadership: the interplay between personal values and leadership styles
Authors: Kafa Antonios , Pashiardis Petros 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThis paper is derived from a thorough and systematic study, contributing to further understanding of the perception of authentic leadership in the context of Cyprus, by involving school principals' both espoused values and values in action coupled with their leadership styles.Design/methodology/approachData were drawn from a combination of methods, both quantitative (235 questionnaires) and qualitative (5 case studies), thus facilitating a more reliable and valid exploration of school principals' espoused values and values in action coupled with their leadership styles.FindingsSchool principals' values in action may be filtered by particular factors, which affect them, when they try to promote their espoused values during their leadership practice. In general, the findings indicated that practicing authentic leadership might be, in fact, impeded by specific factors connected to the broader context in which school principals operate.Research limitations/implicationsIt is not possible to draw concrete conclusions on relation between the espoused values and values in action, as only five school principals took part during the second research phase. However, in this study, the quantitative (first phase) and qualitative (second phase) research were combined in order to produce a general picture, with regards to the practice of authentic leadership.Originality/valueThe study of values has received an extensive research interest lately. In this study, it was approached collectively and cohesively by taking into consideration the differentiation between espoused values and values in action.
Barriers to technological innovations of SMEs: how to solve them?
Authors: Indrawati Henny , Caska  , Suarman  
Published: November 2020

PurposeThis study aims to analyze the inhibiting factors of small and medium enterprises (SMEs’) technology innovation, supporting institutions for SMEs technology innovation development, SMEs’ technology innovation development model and strategies for developing SMEs in technology innovation.Design/methodology/approachThis is a mixed-method research project conducted through a survey of SMEs in Riau Province, Sumatera Indonesia (primarily in the districts of Siak, Kampar and Pelalawan) from April to July 2019. SMEs that have been operating for at least five years were chosen purposively as samples. Based on the requirement, there are 277 entities used in this study. A focus group discussion (FGD) was also conducted to formulate SME models and development strategies in technological innovation. In addition, in-depth interviews and observations were also carried out on technological innovations undertaken by respondents.FindingsIt was found that there are five inhibiting factors of SMEs’ technology innovation: government support, quality of human resources, funding of technological innovation, economic conditions and business partners. The biggest inhibiting factor remains to be the funding of technological innovation. Therefore SMEs provide independent technological innovation costs to develop technological innovations for business sustainability. Supporting institutions for developing SME technology innovation consist of government institutions, private institutions, financial institutions (banks) and nonbank financial institutions. To survive and excel amid competition, SMEs need to pay attention to technological innovation. The business strategy that needs to be done is to improve services to consumers and improve their attitude toward innovation in the implementation and development of SMEs’ businesses.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is limited to research on the inhibiting factors for SME technology innovation from the aspect of the production sector. This research has not studied various business fields in the trade, service and digital SME sectors. Future studies can reveal factors inhibiting SME technological innovation, except production aspects and various SME business fields. In addition, this study has not analyzed the cost of technological innovation provided by SMEs. Therefore, future studies could also reveal the large costs of technological innovation provided by SMEs.Originality/valueThis research investigates barriers hindering the SMEs’ technological innovations in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia as a maritime country. It also formulates strategies to reduce the barriers to SME’s technological innovation and contributes to the development of knowledge of technological innovations in SMEs. Moreover, this paper involves investigating government support from a nonfinancial aspect. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this aspect has not been much discussed by studies on innovation at SMEs till now.
Solution business fitness: measuring and managing across business logics
Authors: Kleinaltenkamp Michael , Nenonen Suvi , Raithel Sascha , Storbacka Kaj 
Published: November 2020

PurposeFirms transforming from a product supplier into a solution provider need to develop entirely new organizational capabilities or re-configure existing ones. This paper aims to conceptualize solution business fitness (SBF) as a construct that captures comprehensively the capabilities necessary for a firm to operate successfully in solution business and investigates how the construct can be measured.Design/methodology/approachBased on a conceptualization of solution-specific capabilities and SBF, the development of the SBF measurement model followed a three-step procedure: domain specification and conceptual development, qualitative pre-study and quantitative pre-study. The SBF measurement model and its relevance were studied in a large scale longitudinal study using survey data from firm representatives, as well as archival data about the turnover and profitability development of the respective solution providers.FindingsThe study empirically validates solution-business-specific capabilities as antecedents of firm performance and shows how different business logics applied by firms give capabilities different importance and impact.Practical implicationsManagerially, firms can use the developed measurement tool to assess their current SBF and define the desired target status. When improving the SBF, managers should pay special attention to the business logic of their firm, as the required capabilities are context-dependent.Originality/valueThe study is the first to conceptualize and measure SBF and to empirically investigate the moderating role of business logic on the importance of the concept and its elements.
Listening to women: relational approaches to female offender management
Authors: O’Meara Aisling , Edwards Meinir , Davies Jason 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore women’s experiences of criminal justice systems to inform the development of guidance on working with women.Design/methodology/approachA two-part, independent samples and qualitative study using semi-structured interviews incorporating both interpretive phenomenological analysis and thematic analysis was conducted. In Study 1, semi-structured interviews were conducted with six women on probation in the community and data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Interviews in Study 2 were conducted with seven women in custody with data analysed using inductive-deductive thematic analysis. The applicability and expansion of Study 1 themes was then explored.FindingsSeven emergent themes indicated relational approaches to offender management may improve experiences of judicial systems for female offenders and for their probation officers. This approach may help prevent common systemic issues from perpetuating negative interactions between these groups. Specific suggestions for developing relational security and consistency of care within these relationships are provided.Practical implicationsTaking a relational approach to female offender management may help remedy some of the systemic difficulties faced by female offenders and their probation officers.Originality/valueBy focussing on the experiences of women screened in to the offender personality disorder pathway this study provides insight as to how this service can assist in the development of relational security between probation staff and their clients.
The nexus of information sharing, technology capability and inventory efficiency
Authors: Fernando Yudi , Zainul Abideen Ahmed , Shaharudin Muhammad Shabir 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the effect of inventory information sharing on inventory efficiency and its intervening effect of information technology (IT) capability in manufacturing firms.

Design/methodology/approach
Stratified random sampling and filter questions selected targeted respondents, and an online survey collected 124 completed questionnaires from Malaysian manufacturing firms. partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) examined the structural model and hypothesis statement. An analysis of importance-performance map analysis (IPMA) test identified the relative importance drivers of inventory efficiency.

Findings
The findings showed that enhanced IT capabilities in manufacturing firms mediate a positive relationship between inventory sharing and inventory efficiency.

Research limitations/implications
This study portrays the relationship between inventory level, demand and information sharing. The research was carried out only within Malaysian manufacturing firms.

Practical implications
These findings will enable the management of manufacturing firms to design and visualise their inventory levels and share best practices across supply chain networks to achieve effective and optimised inventory planning.

Social implications
This study illustrates an intervention model that offers a direct and indirect impact of IT capabilities that allow scholars to close inventories productivity gaps in research.

Originality/value
This paper extends the limited literature on the sharing of inventory information and inventory productivity, notably from a strategic management perspective. The findings help scholars clearly understand the information systems capability and its mediating impact on information sharing and inventory efficiency’s relationship in the manufacturing sector. Moreover, demand information sharing affected the dynamic supply chain.
A freight train dispatching approach for handling perturbations: a real case for the longest heavy-haul railway in China
Authors: Zhang Yaqin , Wang Mingming , Wang Ruimin , Li Zhipeng , Zhang Nan 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to reschedule the freight train timetable in case of disturbance to restore the train services as soon as possible.

Design/methodology/approach
Hence, an integer linear programming model for the real-time freight heavy-haul railway traffic management is developed in case of large primary delays caused by the delayed cargos loading. The proposed model based on the alternative graph at the microscopic level depicts the freight train movements in detail. Multiple dispatching measures such as re-timing and re-ordering are taken into account. Moreover, two objective functions, namely, the total final delays and the consecutive delays, are minimized in the freight trains dispatching problem.

Findings
Finally, a real-world computational experiment based on the Haolebaoji-Ji’an freight heavy-haul railway is implemented. The results of all disrupted cases are obtained within 10 s. The results give insight into that the consecutive delays are more than the total final delays when the same disrupted situation and the consecutive or total final delays increase as the primary delays increase.

Originality/value
An integer linear programming model based on the alternative graph for the real-time freight heavy-haul railway traffic management is developed in case of large primary delays caused by the delayed cargos loading. The method can be developed as the computer-aided tool for freight train dispatchers.
Furloughing*
Authors: Adams‐Prassl Abi , Boneva Teodora , Golin Marta , Rauh Christopher 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOver nine million jobs were furloughed in the United Kingdom during the coronavirus pandemic. Using real‐time survey evidence from the UK in April and May 2020, we document which workers were most likely to be furloughed and we analyse variation in the terms on which they furloughed. We find that women were significantly more likely to be furloughed. Inequality in care responsibilities seems to have played a key role: mothers were 10 percentage points more likely than fathers to initiate the decision to be furloughed (as opposed to it being fully or mostly the employer's decision) but we find no such gender gap amongst childless workers. The prohibition of working whilst furloughed was routinely ignored, especially by men who can do a large percentage of their work tasks from home. Women were less likely to have their salary topped up beyond the 80 per cent subsidy paid for by the government. Considering the future, furloughed workers without employer‐provided sick pay have a lower willingness to pay to return to work, as do those in sales and food preparation occupations. Compared with non‐furloughed employees, furloughed workers are more pessimistic about keeping their job in the short to medium run and are more likely to be actively searching for a new job, even when controlling for detailed job characteristics. These results have important implications for the design of short‐time work schemes and the strategy for effectively reopening the economy.
COVID‐19 and the US Safety Net*
Authors: Moffitt Robert A. , Ziliak James P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe examine trends in employment, earnings and incomes over the last two decades in the United States, and how the safety net has responded to changing fortunes, including the shutdown of the economy in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic. The US safety net is a patchwork of different programmes providing in‐kind as well as cash benefits, and it had many holes prior to the pandemic. In addition, few of the programmes are designed explicitly as automatic stabilisers. We show that the safety net response to employment losses in the COVID‐19 pandemic largely consists only of increased support from unemployment insurance and food assistance programmes, an inadequate response compared with the magnitude of the downturn. We discuss options to reform social assistance in the United States to provide more robust income floors in times of economic downturns.
Nutrient conditions determine the localization of Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3Aa protein in the mother cell compartment
Authors: Wang Zeyu , Gan Chunxia , Wang Jian , Bravo Alejandra , Soberón Mario , Yang Qing , Zhang Jie 
Published: November 2020

SummaryVip3Aa was first identified as a protein secreted during the vegetative growth phase of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bacteria and which shows high insecticidal toxicity against lepidopteran insect pests (Estruch et al., 1996). Bt strains formulated as bio‐insecticides only had low amounts of Vip3Aa secreted to the medium. Here, we report that Vip3Aa proteins produced by three different Bt strains, including an industrial strain, were indeed not secreted to the culture solution when grown in sporulation medium, but were retained in the mother cell compartment. In order to further investigate the Vip3Aa secretion and location, we grew the strains in rich medium. We found that in rich medium, a fraction of Vip3Aa was secreted, suggesting that Vip3Aa secretion is nutrient‐dependent. Regardless of the growth conditions, we found that Vip3Aa retained in cell pellets exhibited high toxicity against Spodoptera frugiperda larvae. Hence, we speculate that the accumulation of Vip3Aa protein in the mother cell compartment under sporulation conditions could still be used as an efficient strategy for industrial production in commercial Bt strains.
Cancer diagnosis and mortality in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: A Western Australian retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kelty Erin , Raymond Warren , Inderjeeth Charles , Keen Helen , Nossent Johannes , Preen David B. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) has been associated with a modest increase in the risk of cancer. However, little is known as to how AS influences risk of mortality following cancer diagnosis. This study compared the risk of cancer and subsequent mortality in patients with AS compared with a non‐AS population group.MethodsPatients diagnosed with AS in Western Australia (WA) between 1980 and 2014 were identified from the WA Rheumatic Disease Epidemiological Register (N = 2152; 31 099 patient‐years). A non‐AS comparison group (N = 10 760; 165 609 patient‐years) was selected from hospital records, matched 1:5 on age, Aboriginality, and gender. Data on cancer diagnosis, comorbidities and mortality were extracted from state cancer, hospital, and mortality registers. The relative risk of cancer (overall and by type) and mortality following cancer diagnosis between AS and non‐AS comparators was compared using Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for risk factors and comorbidities.ResultsAnkylosing spondylitis patients had a 15% increase in the crude risk of cancer (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.02‐1.30). However, this association was attenuated following adjustment for smoking and common comorbidities (adjusted HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.95‐1.22). Following a cancer diagnosis, patients with AS had an increased risk of 5‐year mortality in the unadjusted (HR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.03‐1.49) and the adjusted models (adjusted HR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.13‐1.66).ConclusionAnkylosing spondylitis was not associated with an increased risk of cancer diagnosis. Following a cancer diagnosis, AS was associated with an increased risk of 5‐year mortality.