bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of the neurological outcome using regional cerebral oxygen saturation in patients with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation after out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Joo Woo Jin , Ide Kazuki , Nishiyama Kei , Seki Tomotsugu , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Tsuchiya Jumpei , Ito Noritoshi , Yoshida Kosuke , Kawakami Koji 
Published: February 2020

AimTo investigate the association between regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) and neurological outcomes in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) patients after out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).MethodsWe used data from the Japan‐Prediction of Neurological Outcomes in Patients Post‐Cardiac Arrest Registry. This registry included consecutive comatose patients after OHCA who were transferred to 15 hospitals in Japan from 2011 to 2013. Our primary end‐point was a good neurological outcome (cerebral performance categories 1 or 2) at 90 days after OHCA.ResultsAmong the enrolled patients, 121 (6.3%) received ECPR. Eleven (9.1%) had a good neurological outcome. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed the optimal cut‐off value as >16%. Good neurological outcomes were observed in 19.6% (9/46) and 2.7% (2/74) of patients with rSO2 >16% and rSO2 ≤16%, respectively.ConclusionThe neurological outcome of ECPR patients differed according to their rSO2 values. When considering ECPR, the rSO2 value could be important in addition to other criteria. Further studies that focus on ECPR patients and serial rSO2 values are needed.
Herausforderungen und Perspektiven von DNA‐Nanostrukturen in der Biomedizin
Authors: Keller Adrian , Linko Veikko 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDie DNA‐Nanotechnologie hat vielversprechende Anwendungen in der Medizintechnik und der Entwicklung neuartiger Therapien und diagnostischer Assays. Die Sub‐nm‐Adressierbarkeit von DNA‐Nanostrukturen ermöglicht ihre gezielte Modifikation mit zahlreichen chemischen und biologischen Einheiten, wodurch sie sich perfekt als präzise diagnostische Hilfsmittel und multifunktionale Träger für den gezielten Wirkstofftransport eignen. Die absolute Kontrolle über Form, Größe und Funktion ermöglicht die Herstellung von maßgefertigten, dynamischen Elementen, z. B. DNA‐Nanorobotern, die programmierte Aufgaben ausführen und auf verschiedene externe Reize reagieren können. In mehreren Studien wurde der Einsatz biomedizinischer DNA‐Nanostrukturen in vitro und in vivo demonstriert, jedoch gibt es noch große Hürden auf dem Weg hin zu praktischen Anwendungen der DNA‐basierten Nanomedizin. Wir fassen hier den aktuellen Stand dieses Feldes und die wichtigsten Implementierungen biomedizinischer DNA‐Nanostrukturen zusammen. Wir fokussieren uns dabei auf bestehende Herausforderungen und ungelöste Probleme und diskutieren Lösungsansätze.
Electrochemically Driven Cation Exchange Enables the Rational Design of Active CO2Reduction Electrocatalysts
Authors: He Wenhui , Liberman Itamar , Rozenberg Illya , Ifraemov Raya , Hod Idan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMetal oxides or sulfides are considered to be one of the most promising CO2reduction reaction (CO2RR) precatalysts, owing to their electrochemical conversion in situ into highly active electrocatalytic species. However, further improvement of the performance requires new tools to gain fine control over the composition of the active species and its structural features [e.g., grain boundaries (GBs) and undercoordinated sites (USs)], directly from a predesigned template material. Herein, we describe a novel electrochemically driven cation exchange (ED‐CE) method that enables the conversion of a predesigned CoS2template into a CO2RR catalyst, Cu2S. By means of ED‐CE, the final Cu2S catalyst inherits the original 3 D morphology of CoS2, and preserves its high density of GBs. Additionally, the catalyst's phase structure, composition, and density of USs were precisely tuned, thus enabling rational design of active CO2RR sites. The obtained Cu2S catalyst achieved a CO2‐to‐formate Faradaic efficiency of over 87 % and a record high activity (among reported Cu‐based catalysts). Hence, this study opens the way for utilization of ED‐CE reactions to design advanced electrocatalysts.
Autologous Cobalt Phosphates with Modulated Coordination Sites for Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation
Authors: Qi Jing , Lin Yang‐Peng , Chen Dandan , Zhou Tianhua , Zhang Wei , Cao Rui 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe correlation between metal coordination and electrocatalytic water oxidation performance is elusive in many cobalt‐based materials. Herein, we designed an ideal Co phosphate‐based platform to explore the effect of coordination environment on oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. The cobalt geometry was modulated from octahedral to tetrahedral by simple removal of water ligands in Co3(PO4)2⋅8 H2O. Other features except the coordination structure in the two autologous materials remain similar. The two analogues display the same OER kinetics, but the anhydrous Co3(PO4)2 exhibits a greatly enhanced OER activity. On the basis of Raman and operando XAS results, the higher intrinsic activity of the Co tetrahedral sites is because they facilitate the formation of active high valent cobalt (hydr)oxide intermediates during OER. This work not only brings insights of OER on Co‐based electrocatalysts but also provides a reference system to study the effect of metal geometry on electrocatalysis.
Greener adhesives based on UF/soy protein reinforced with montmorillonite clay for wood particleboard
Authors: Bacigalupe Alejandro , Fernández Mariela , Eisenberg Patricia , Escobar Mariano M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThere is a global concern about the types of adhesives used for the binding of wood particles, most of which include formaldehyde in their formulation. The aim of this work is to study the effect of raw montmorillonite (Mt) particles on blended urea formaldehyde (UF)/soy protein (SP) adhesives for the manufacture of wood particleboards to reduce the use of this carcinogenic component. Rheology showed that Mt does not alter the viscosity of adhesives at high shear rates, so they can be applied by spray. Thermogravimetric analysis/derivative thermogravimetry (TGA/DTG) analysis revealed an enhancement of their thermal stability due to the presence of clay particles. Polymer–Mt interaction was studied by small amplitude X‐ray scattering and scanning electron microscopy. According to these results, the exfoliated structure of the clay particles was achieved. Wood particleboards were manufactured with UF/SP/Mt adhesives in order to study their mechanical properties. The three‐point bending test showed that Mt particles improved the modulus of both rupture and elasticity. UF/SP/Mt resins proved to be a prominent product for the development of environmentally friendlier particleboards with desirable mechanical properties.
Does the Factor Structure of IQ Differ Between the Differential Ability Scales (DAS‐II) Normative Sample and Autistic Children?
Authors: Clements Caitlin C. , Watkins Marley W. , Schultz Robert T. , Yerys Benjamin E. 
Published: February 2020

The Differential Abilities Scales, 2nd edition (DAS‐II) is frequently used to assess intelligence in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it remains unknown whether the DAS‐II measurement model (e.g., factor structure, loadings), which was developed on a normative sample, holds for the autistic population or requires alternative score interpretations. We obtained DAS‐II data from 1,316 autistic individuals in the Simons Simplex Consortium and 2,400 individuals in the normative data set. We combined ASD and normative data sets for multigroup confirmatory factor analyses to assess different levels of measurement invariance, or how well the same measurement model fit both data sets: “weak” or metric, “strong” or scalar, and partial scalar if full scalar was not achieved. A weak invariance model showed excellent fit (Confirmatory Fit Index [CFI] > 0.995, Tucker Lewis Index [TLI] > 0.995, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] < 0.025), but a strong invariance model demonstrated a significant deterioration in fit during permutation testing (all p's<0.001), suggesting measurement bias, meaning systematic error when assessing autistic children. Fit improved significantly, and partial scalar invariance was achieved when either of the two spatial subtest (Recall of Designs or Pattern Construction) intercepts was permitted to vary between the ASD and normative groups, pinpointing these subtests as the source of bias. The DAS‐II appears to measure verbal and nonverbal—but not spatial—intelligence in autistic children similarly as in normative sample children. These results may be driven by Pattern Construction, which shows higher scores than other subtests in the ASD sample. Clinicians assessing autistic children with the DAS‐II should interpret verbal and nonverbal reasoning composite scores over the spatial score or General Composite Ability. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1184‐1194. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThe Differential Abilities Scales, 2nd edition (DAS‐II) is a popular intelligence quotient (IQ) test for assessing children with autism. This article shows that the DAS‐II spatial standardized scores should be interpreted with caution because they hold a different meaning for autistic children. Verbal and nonverbal reasoning scores appear valid and to hold the same meaning for those with and without autism spectrum disorder.
Simultaneous quantitation of glycyrrhetic acid and puerarin in plasma using ultra flow liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and application in a pharmacokinetics study in healthy and alcoholic liver injury rats
Authors: Shan Chenxiao , Yuan Qi , Cui Xiaobing , Chai Chuan , Yu Sheng , Wen Hongmei , Huang Xi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA rapid, sensitive, and accurate ultra flow liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC–MS/MS ) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantitation of glycyrrhetic acid and puerarin in plasma derived from healthy and alcoholic liver injury rats. Plasma samples from healthy and model rats were deproteinated with methanol using liquiritin as an internal standard. Chromatography separation was performed by a Waters BEH (ethylene‐bridged hybrid) C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm; 1.7 μm) using a gradient elution from acetonitrile and water (containing 0.1% formic acid) and at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Quantitation was performed on a Triple Quad 4500 tandem mass spectrometer coupled with an electrospray ionization source in negative multiple reaction monitoring mode. Specificity, carryover, dilution integrity, recovery, linearity, precision and accuracy, matrix effect, and stability were within acceptable limits. The newly established method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetics study to investigate glycyrrhetic acid and puerarin in healthy and alcoholic liver injury rats.
In vitro metabolites characterization of ponatinib in human liver microsomes using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography combined with Q‐Exactive‐Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Gao Lei , Xu Qiqi , Liu Qingqing , Lang Xiuzhuang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPonatinib is an oral drug for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which has been reported to increase the risk of hepatotoxicity. The aim of this study was to characterize the metabolites of ponatinib in human liver microsomes as well as its reactive metabolites. Ponatinib was incubated with human liver microsomes in the presence of NADPH and trapping agents (glutathione or potassium cyanide). The metabolites were characterized by liquid chromatography in combination with Q‐Exactive‐Orbitrap‐MS. Under the current conditions, six metabolites were detected and structurally identified on the basis of their accurate masses, fragmentation patterns, and retention times. M3 (N‐demethylation) was unambiguously identified by matching its retention time and fragment ions with those of its reference standard. N‐demethylation and oxygenation were proved to be the predominant metabolic pathways of ponatinib. In addition, two reactive metabolites (cyano adducts) were detected in human liver microsomes in the presence of potassium cyanide and NADPH, suggesting that ponatinib underwent CYP450‐mediated metabolic activation, which could be one of the causative mechanisms for its hepatotoxicity. The current study provides new information regarding the metabolic profiles of ponatinib and would be helpful in understanding the effectiveness and toxicity of ponatinib, especially the mechanism of hepatotoxicity.
Evolution, challenges, and application of intelligent ICT education: An overview
Authors: Haldorai Anandakumar , Murugan Suriya , Ramu Arulmurugan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) aims at critically transforming the information and communication technology (ICT) sector through various technological advancements, such as machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing. These technologies are meant to develop the process of communication, digital commerce, content, and apps. AI is also meant to initiate novel business frameworks and formulate a completely novel business opportunity as efficiencies and interfaces facilitate the engagement, which has been heretofore unintelligible. A number of industry verticals will be changed through this form of evolution, as digital and ICT technologies are critical in supporting the various aspects of industrial operations, which include sales, marketing processes, supply chains, product and service delivery, and support frameworks. For instance, substantial implication of the frameworks can be witnessed in medical and bioinformatics, including the financial service segments. Workforce automation is a field that will influence various industrial verticals, as AI significantly develops the flow of work, accelerations, and processes of the return on investment for intelligent workplace application. This paper signifies the role of AI in ICT education, including the way intelligent ICT education has significantly developed its application and challenges.
Significance of examined lymph nodes number and metastatic lymph nodes ratio in overall survival and adjuvant treatment decision in resected laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Xiaoke , Zhao Min , Zhou Liang , Zhang Ming , Cao Pengyu , Tao Lei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe value of adjuvant therapy in resected laryngeal cancer remains controversial. This large SEER‐based cohort study aimed to investigate the existing parameters of lymph node status that could predict survival outcomes and the prognostic value of adjuvant treatment in resected laryngeal carcinoma.MethodsPopulation‐based data from the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER‐18) Program on patients after laryngectomy and lymphadenectomy (2004‐2015) were analyzed. The optimal cut‐off values for examined lymph nodes number (ELNs) and metastatic lymph nodes ratio (MLNR) were determined using the X‐tile program. Associations of ELNs and MLNR with overall survival were investigated through Cox regression analysis. A survival‐predicting model was then constructed to stratified patients. The prognostic value of adjuvant therapy was evaluated in different subgroups.ResultsA total of 2122 patients with resected laryngeal cancer were analyzed. A novel survival‐predicting model was proposed based on ELNs, MLNR, and other clinicopathological characteristics. Patients were stratified into three subgroups with the increasing risk of death. Only patients in the high‐risk group who receiving adjuvant treatment had a significantly better survival outcome than those receiving surgery alone.ConclusionA new survival‐predicting model was established in this study, which was superior in assessing the survival outcomes of patients with resected laryngeal cancer. Notably, this model was also able to assist in the decision making of adjuvant therapy for patients and physicians.
Two Phytotoxins Isolated from the Pathogenic Fungus of the Invasive Weed Xanthium italicum
Authors: Tang Jieshi , Huang Ling , Liu Yu , Toshmatov Zokir , Zhang Chi , Shao Hua 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlternariol and altenuisol were isolated as the major phytotoxins produced by an Alternaria sp. pathogenic fungus of the invasive weed Xanthium italicum. Altenuisol exhibited stronger phytotoxic effect compared with alternariol. At 10 μg/mL, alternariol and altenuisol promoted root growth of the monocot plant Pennisetum alopecuroides by 11.1 % and 75.2 %, respectively, however, inhibitory activity was triggered by the increase of concentration, with root elongation being suppressed by 35.5 % and 52.0 % with alternariol and altenuisol at 1000 μg/mL, respectively. Alternariol slightly inhibited root length of the dicot plant Medicago sativa at 10–1000 μg/mL, whereas altenuisol stimulated root growth by 51.0 % at 10 μg/mL and inhibited root length by 43.4 % at 200 μg/mL. Alternariol and altenuisol did not exert strong regulatory activity on another dicot plant, Amaranthus retroflexus, when tested concentration was low, however, when the concentration reached 1000 μg/mL, they reduced root length by 68.1 % and 51.0 %, respectively. Alternariol and altenuisol exerted similar effect on shoot growth of three tested plants but to a lesser extent. It is noteworthy to mention that this is the first report on the phytotoxicity of altenuisol.
A first case report of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia from Oman
Authors: Al‐Araimi Musallam , Hamza Nishath , Al Hosni Aliya , Al Mazrooey Hiba 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis is a first case report of a patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia from Oman, who was found to carry a mutation in the EDAR gene after candidate gene selection based on regions of homozygosity in his genome.
An unusual neurological manifestation of granulomatosis with polyangiitis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Tarte Nikhil N. , Ceruti Ronald , Tati Vasudev 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIschemic stroke is an incredibly rare manifestation of granulomatosis with polyangiitis. It is important for the clinician to be aware of this unusual complication so that efforts can be made to reduce the risk of this event.
Use of intravenous lipid therapy in a cat with carprofen overdose
Authors: Chumbler Nathan S. , Schildt Julie C. , Mawby Diane I. , Papich Mark G. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) was administered to a cat with no adverse effects. This case report postulates that ILE can be used for the treatment of carprofen toxicity in cats and supports the lipid sink theory as the main mechanism of action.
Single Particle Assays to Determine Heterogeneities within Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalysts
Authors: Nieuwelink Anne‐Eva , Velthoen Marjolein E. Z. , Nederstigt Yoni C. M. , Jagtenberg Kristel L. , Meirer Florian , Weckhuysen Bert M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is an important process in oil refinery industry to produce gasoline and propylene. Due to harsh reaction conditions, FCC catalysts are subject to deactivation through for example, metal accumulation and zeolite framework collapse. Here, we perform a screening of the influence of metal poisons on the acidity and accessibility of an industrial FCC catalyst material using laboratory‐based single particle characterization that is, μ‐XRF and fluorescence microscopy in combination with probe molecules. These methods have been performed on density‐separated FCC catalyst fractions, allowing to determine interparticle heterogeneities in the catalyst under study. It was found that with increasing catalyst density and metal content, the acidity and accessibility of the catalyst particles decreased, while their distribution narrowed with catalyst age. For example, particles containing high Ni level possessed very low acidity and were hardly accessible by a Nile Blue dye. Single catalyst particle mapping identifies minority species like the presence of a phosphated zeolite ZSM‐5‐containing FCC additive for selective propylene formation, catalyst particles without any zeolite phase and catalyst particles, which act as a trap for SOx.
Keggin‐Type Polyoxometalate‐Based ZIF‐67 for Enhanced Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation
Authors: Li Xiao‐Hong , He Peng , Wang Ting , Zhang Xiao‐Wen , Chen Wei‐Lin , Li Yang‐Guang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe photocatalytic reduction of N2 to NH3 is considered a promising strategy to alleviate human need for accessible nitrogen and environmental pollution, for which developing a photocatalyst is an effective method to complete the transformation of this process. We firstly design a series of highly efficient and stable polyoxometalates (POMs)‐based zeolitic imidazolate framework‐67 (ZIF‐67) photocatalysts for N2 reduction. ZIF‐67 can effectively fix N2 owing to its porosity. Integration of POMs cluster contributes enormous advantages in terms of broadening the absorption spectrum to improve sunlight utilization, enhance the stability of the materials, effectively inhibit the recombination of photo‐generated electron–hole pairs, and reduce charge‐transfer impedance. POMs can absorb light to convert into reduced POMs, which have stronger reducing ability to provide ample electrons to reduce N2. The reduced POMs can recover their oxidation state through contact with an oxidant, which forms a self‐recoverable and recyclable photocatalytic fixing N2 system. The photocatalytic activity enhances with the increasing number V substitutions in the POMs. Satisfactorily, ZIF‐67@K11[PMo4V8O40] (PMo4V8) displays the most significant photocatalytic N2 activity with a NH3 yield of 149.0 μmol L−1 h−1, which is improved by 83.5 % (ZIF‐67) and 78.9 % (PMo4V8). The introduction of POMs provides new insights for the design of high‐performance photocatalyst nanomaterials to reduce N2.