bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, Realization, and Characterization of Advanced Adhesives for Joining Ultra‐Stable C/C Based Components
Authors: Casalegno Valentina , De la Pierre des Ambrois Stefano , Corazzari Ingrid , Turci Francesco , Tatarko Peter , Damiano Olivier , Cornillon Laurence , Terenzi Andrea , Natali Maurizio , Puglia Deborah , Torre Luigi , Ferraris Monica 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aim of this work is to develop high‐performance adhesives to join carbon fiber reinforced composites (C/C) for use in aerospace applications; in order to guarantee sound mechanical strength, a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and ease of application on large components. Several different adhesive formulations, based on phenolic or cyanate‐ester resins (charged with the maximum experimentally feasible amount of carbon‐based fillers), are developed and tested. The measurements of the lap shear strength at room temperature of the C/C joined by means of one phenolic and one cyanate ester‐based resin demonstrates that these formulations are the most suitable for the given application. A complete characterization, by means of viscosimetry, dilatometry, and thermal gravimetric analysis, coupled with gas analysis by means of mass spectroscopy, confirms that the phenolic‐based formulation is the most promising joining material. A nano‐indenter is used to obtain its Young modulus and hardness, both inside the joint and as a bulk cured adhesive.
Three‐dimensional reconstruction of material micropores based on stereology and fatigue life prediction
Authors: Sun M. , Qu C. , Zhang G. , Zheng Y. , Xu Zhiqiang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the fatigue life of Al‐Zn713 alloy castings was studied. Based on stereological theory and finite element method, a new idea of material fatigue life prediction was proposed. Goldsmith‐Cruz‐Orive method was used to reconstruct the three‐dimensional distribution of micropores that based on the two‐dimensional distribution information. The stress analysis of the reconstructed three‐dimensional geometric model was carried out by finite element method. Combining with the modified Coffin‐Manson formula, a material fatigue life prediction system based on the distribution of micropores was established, which opened up a new direction for the research of material fatigue behavior and fatigue life.
Scalable preparation of carbon nanoparticles and graphene nanoflakes using sand paper abrasion
Authors: Mandal P. , Saha M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe commercial demand for carbon nanoparticles and graphene nanoflakes are high due to their diverse usage over the past few years. However, large scale production processes are quite laborious and time consuming relying mainly on high energy and inert atmospheric condition. Herein, the abrasion technique has been utilized to exfoliate carbon nanoparticles and graphene nanoflakes from willow charcoal stick and graphite rod, respectively. The role of sandpaper in polishing is quite immense for the isolation of nanocarbons from willow charcoal and graphite. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) confirmed the formation of carbon nanoparticles whereas, high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) topography revealed the formation of few layers of graphene nanoflakes. This entire green process was economically viable for scalable preparation of nanocarbons at room temperature and completely independent of inert conditions, usage of solvents, chemicals and the problem of by‐product formation.))
Effect of friction coefficient change on internally shaped tubes drawing process using finite elements method
Authors: Botko F. , Bella P. , Hatala M. , Beraxa P. , Lehocká D. , Sutak D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPresented article is focused on the effect of friction coefficient of drawing mandrel surface on parameters of the drawing process. Drawing of tubes with the internally shaped surface is complex problematics. Creation of internal ribbing is determined by many deformation zones which affect stress and strain acting in forming process. Finite elements method application on solving presented problematics gives the opportunity to simulate and optimize process without expensive prototype mandrels. Research if mainly focused on the shape and properties of drawing mandrel. For simulations purposes were selected three friction coefficients which are common in drawing process in dependence of tool surface and coating in combination with lubrication. Acquired results show behavior of strains and stresses in drawing process. Maximal values of observed parameters accompanied with jump changes are mostly pronounced in inner layer. Obtained values are applicable for setting of lubrication in drawing process from the perspective of elimination jump changes in stresses which can shorten life time of mandrel and lower quality of final product.
Study on the mechanism of crystallization deformation of sulfate saline soil during the unidirectional freezing process
Authors: Zhang Jing , Lai Yuanming , Zhao Yanhu , Li Shuangyang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe freezing of sulfate saline soil involves the coupling effect of heat and mass transfer and crystallization deformation. The influence of salt content and temperature on the crystallization of ice and salt was analyzed by using a one‐side freezing experiment. Based on the effect of solute and temperature on water activity, a crystallization kinetics model of ice–water phase change in saline soil was established. The application of supersaturation in the crystallization kinetics model of solution–crystal phase change is improved with the Frezchem model. The calculated results are compared with experimental data to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model. the study shows that: (a) crystallization can be well illustrated by the proposed model based on the concepts of the formation factor of ice crystals and solution supersaturation; (b) convection and diffusion are the main means of salt redistribution, which cause the accumulation of salt above the freezing front and the formation of discontinuously distributed–layered salt crystal zones; and (c) the alternate crystallization of ice and salt increases variation i solute concentration and then increases crystallization pressure, which leads to the deformation of salt expansion.
Novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 (Covid‐19) dynamics inside the human body
Authors: Saha Asit , Saha Barsha 
Published: July 2020

SummaryA knowledge‐based cybernetic framework model representing the dynamics of SARS‐CoV‐2 inside the human body has been studied analytically and in silico to explore the pathophysiologic regulations. The following modeling methodology was developed as a platform to introduce a predictive tool supporting a therapeutic approach to Covid‐19 disease. A time‐dependent nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations model was constructed involving type‐I cells, type‐II cells, SARS‐CoV‐2 virus, inflammatory mediators, interleukins along with host pulmonary gas exchange rate, thermostat control, and mean pressure difference. This formalism introduced about 17 unknown parameters. Estimating these unknown parameters requires a mathematical association with the in vivo sparse data and the dynamic sensitivities of the model. The cybernetic model can simulate a dynamic response to the reduced pulmonary alveolar gas exchange rate, thermostat control, and mean pressure difference under a very critical condition based on equilibrium (steady state) values of the inflammatory mediators and system parameters. In silico analysis of the current cybernetical approach with system dynamical modeling can provide an intellectual framework to help experimentalists identify more active therapeutic approaches.
Game‐based learning: A review of tabletop exercises for cybersecurity incident response training
Authors: Angafor Giddeon N. , Yevseyeva Iryna , He Ying 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe surge in cyber security breaches including the shortage of skilled cyber incident response (CSIR) professionals and the ever‐changing cyber threat landscape is a big concern for the security industry. As a result, training providers are seeking innovative ways to tackle current security challenges. Businesses in public and private sectors recognize the importance of implementing effective cyber security measures, one of which is training their employees. Many are taking active steps to ensure that employees and cyber security incident response teams (CSIRTs) can identify and respond to breaches through state‐of‐the‐art training. There are indications that pioneering training programs like serious games (SGs), including tabletop exercises (TTXs), can play a role in CSIR training. This paper reviewed TTX related SGs literature, analyzed existing CSIR training exercises and reported how TTXs are currently being used in CSIR training. It also discussed why TTXs are increasingly becoming a popular tool for CSIR and emergency response (ER) training, analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of the current research and identified areas for future research. The findings suggest that TTX training improves the awareness, understanding, and preparation levels of CSIRTs. That TTXs enhance their strategic decision‐making, enabling CSIRTs to be better prepared when dealing with security incidents. It observed that TTX related training improved the skills and aptitudes of CSIRTs and security operative center personnel. TTXs assist trainees to acquire and demonstrate both technical and nontechnical skills, including soft skills which are essential but often observed to be lacking in new graduates and some experienced technically minded personnel. TTX training augments traditional methods like classroom lectures by providing opportunities for experiential learning and practice‐based approaches in dealing with real‐life problems.
Parthenium hysterophorus mediated inflammation and hyper‐responsiveness via NF‐κB pathway in human A549 lung cancer cell line
Authors: Kaur Mandeep , Gupta Kunj Bihari , Thakur Shweta , Kaur Sukhchain , Dhiman Monisha 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBeing one of the notorious weed P. hysterophorus has invaded almost every part India and is the lead cause of skin allergies and severe dermatitis among farmers and rural population. It is an invasive obnoxious weed capable of surviving extreme environmental conditions and various parts of this plant are reported to cause severe contact allergies in humans due to the presence of high concentrations of toxic sesquiterpene lactones viz. parthenin. It can stimulate numerous cellular and immune responses that may translate into Oxidative stress, allergies, and inflammation. The effect of P. hysterophorus flower extract was evaluated on cell viability, oxidative stress and inflammation in A549 lung cancer cell line by spectrophotometric and reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction methods. Schrodinger software based docking was performed for possible interactions studies. The A549 cells treated with P. hysterophorus flower extract favors increase in cell viability, reactive oxygen species generation. The mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β was significantly increased whereas no change in IL‐18 expression was observed. Significant increase in protein expression of NF‐κB was observed, suggesting the role of NF‐κB signalling in allergic responses. The docking studies demonstrated the potential interaction between Parthenin and NF‐κB/IL‐1β/IL‐18 suggesting their activation leading to inflammation. The current study emphasize that P. hysterophorus mediates oxidative stress, and inflammatory process via alterations in expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL‐1β, IFN‐γ through NF‐κB activation which was also confirmed in docking studies. Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in pathogenesis of allergic/chronic inflammation and severe dermatitis need to be further investigated to identify specific binding partners responsible for severe inflammation which can provide some leads in developing effective targets against severe dermatitis and skin allergies.
Mammalian cell and tissue imaging using Raman and coherent Raman microscopy
Authors: Fung Anthony A. , Shi Lingyan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDirect imaging of metabolism in cells or multicellular organisms is important for understanding many biological processes. Raman scattering (RS) microscopy, particularly, coherent Raman scattering (CRS) such as coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), has emerged as a powerful platform for cellular imaging due to its high chemical selectivity, sensitivity, and imaging speed. RS microscopy has been extensively used for the identification of subcellular structures, metabolic observation, and phenotypic characterization. Conjugating RS modalities with other techniques such as fluorescence or infrared (IR) spectroscopy, flow cytometry, and RNA‐sequencing can further extend the applications of RS imaging in microbiology, system biology, neurology, tumor biology and more. Here we overview RS modalities and techniques for mammalian cell and tissue imaging, with a focus on the advances and applications of CARS and SRS microscopy, for a better understanding of the metabolism and dynamics of lipids, protein, glucose, and nucleic acids in mammalian cells and tissues.This article is categorized under:Laboratory Methods and Technologies > ImagingBiological Mechanisms > MetabolismAnalytical and Computational Methods > Analytical Methods
Numerical Model of Moving-Base Rotating Accelerometer Gravity Gradiometer
Authors: Yu Mingbiao , Cai Tijing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn development of a rotating accelerometer gravity gradiometer (RAGG), it is difficult for us to distinguish the measurement signals and error components in the RAGG output without a verified and correctness RAGG analytical model. In addition, many key techniques, such as RAGG analytical model validation, online error compensation, post motion error compensation, are difficult to be verified. RAGG numerical model can provide validation platform for solving all the above problems, which can speed up the development of the RAGG. In this study, based on the principle and configuration of the RAGG, we synthetically consider almost all the error factors, such as circuit gain mismatch, installation errors, accelerometer scale-factor imbalance, and accelerometer second-order error coefficients, construct a parameters adjustable RAGG numerical model. In multi-frequency gravitational gradient simulation experiment, we use the RAGG numerical model simulating the situation that a test mass rotates about the RAGG with time-varying angular velocity to generate multi-frequency gravitational gradient excitations; the experiment results are consistent with the theoretical ones; the RAGG numerical model can recur some phenomenons of a actual RAGG.
Hope as a Virtue in the Middle Ages
Authors: Pinsent Andrew 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAs a theological disposition revealed in Scripture, the recognition of hope as an important virtue coincided with the radical transformation in virtue ethics in the early Middle Ages. As the ideals of pagan antiquity gave way to the Christian aspirations for the Kingdom of Heaven, early work on hope was strongly influenced by writers with a monastic background, such as Pope St Gregory the Great. The rise of scholasticism in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, however, gave an impetus to finding a coherent account of virtue ethics that would incorporate hope along with the other theological virtues and revealed attributes of perfection, such as the gifts and fruits of the Holy Spirit. This chapter examines, in particular, the attempt of St Thomas Aquinas to develop such an account and the role of hope in this account, drawing from new research in experimental psychology. The chapter concludes by considering briefly the transposition of the medieval account of hope to aspects of contemporary life.
Sensitive and selective detection of DNA fragments associated with Ganoderma boninense by DNA-nanoparticle conjugate hybridisation
Authors: Rani Ekta , Mohshim Siti Akhtar , Yusof Nor Hidayat , Ahmad Muhammad Zamharir , Goodacre Royston , Alang Ahmad Shahrul Ainliah , Wong Lu Shin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A colourimetric assay for the detection of DNA fragments associated with the oil palm pathogen Ganoderma boninense and other fungi DNA is reported. The assay is based on the aggregation of DNA-nanoparticle conjugates in the presence of complementary DNA from the target organism. Here, various designs of DNA-nanoparticle conjugates were evaluated, and it was found that the best design gave a visually observable colour change with as little as 2 pmol of double-stranded DNA analyte even in the presence of a large excess of a mixture of non-complementary DNA. Overall, this label-free system is rapid, sensitive, selective, simple in design, and easy to carry out. It does not require specialist equipment or specialist training for the interpretation of the results, and therefore has the potential to be deployed for agricultural diagnostics in the field.

Graphic abstract

Development of a colourimetric assay based on DNA-nanoparticle conjugates for the oil palm pathogen Ganoderma boninense.
Initial Psychometric Evaluation of a Brief Sexual Functioning Screening Tool for Transmasculine Adults: Transmasculine Sexual Functioning Index
Authors: Reisner Sari L. , Pletta David R. , Potter Jennifer , Deutsch Madeline B. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Evaluation of sexual functioning in transmasculine (TM) adults—those who identify as men, male, transmen, or non-binary yet were assigned a female sex at birth—is limited by lack of availability of brief screening measures.

Aim
Study aims were to (i) conduct initial psychometric evaluation of a brief screening tool to assess sexual functioning in TM adults for easy use in outpatient visits, epidemiologic studies, and assessment of treatment and surgical outcomes and (ii) assess the correlates of sexual functioning.

Methods
The 6-item version of the Female Sexual Function Index was adapted and piloted for use with TM adults. The resulting scale, the Transmasculine Sexual Functioning Index (TM-SFI), was administered to 150 TM adults via computer-assisted self-interview. A multivariable model was fit to assess demographic, psychosocial, and gender affirmation correlates of sexual functioning.

Main Outcome Measure
The main outcomes of this study were the calculated reliability and validity of the TM-SFI and fit cumulative logit models to estimate associations of medical gender affirmation (chest surgery) and body image self-consciousness with level of sexual functioning.

Results
Internal consistency reliability was good (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.80). Item correlations ranged from 0.21 to 0.80 (P &lt; .05). All scale items loaded onto a single factor (eigenvalue = 11.13; factor loadings &gt; 0.50), evidence of good construct validity. After controlling for potential confounders, participants who had chest surgery exhibited significantly higher odds of being in the highest sexual functioning tertile relative to those without chest surgery (adjusted odds ratio = 2.46; 95% confidence interval = 1.08–5.64; P = .033). Moderate-to-high body image self-consciousness was associated with lower odds of sexual functioning (adjusted odds ratio = 0.42; 95% confidence interval = 0.18–0.94; P = .035).

Conclusion
Initial evaluation of the TM-SFI warrants formal psychometric validation against clinical diagnoses of sexual functioning concerns in TM patients. The brief screener can be used to assess sexual functioning in TM adults and may identify TM who could benefit from clinical interventions to improve sexual functioning.
COMPUTABLE LINEAR ORDERS AND PRODUCTS
Authors: FROLOV ANDREY N. , LEMPP STEFFEN , NG KENG MENG , WU GUOHUA 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe characterize the linear order types
$\tau $
with the property that given any countable linear order
$\mathcal {L}$
,
$\tau \cdot \mathcal {L}$
is a computable linear order iff
$\mathcal {L}$
is a computable linear order, as exactly the finite nonempty order types.
ON CATEGORICITY IN SUCCESSIVE CARDINALS
Authors: VASEY SEBASTIEN 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe investigate, in ZFC, the behavior of abstract elementary classes (AECs) categorical in many successive small cardinals. We prove for example that a universal
$\mathbb {L}_{\omega _1, \omega }$
sentence categorical on an end segment of cardinals below
$\beth _\omega $
must be categorical also everywhere above
$\beth _\omega $
. This is done without any additional model-theoretic hypotheses (such as amalgamation or arbitrarily large models) and generalizes to the much broader framework of tame AECs with weak amalgamation and coherent sequences.
INTER-UNIVERSITY ACCELERATOR CENTRE, NEW DELHI (IUACD) RADIOCARBON DATE LIST I
Authors: Sharma Rajveer , Kumar Pankaj , Ojha Sunil , Gargari Satinath , Chopra Sundeep 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTA new facility for radiocarbon dating by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) was established in early 2015 at the Inter-University Accelerator Centre in New Delhi, India. The facility uses a 500 kV National Electrostatic Corporation (NEC) Pelletron accelerator for AMS measurements on graphite produced using the automated graphitization equipment (AGE) interfaced with an elemental analyzer and the carbonate handling system (CHS). A precision of better than 1‰ in the ratio of 14C/12C for the modern carbon sample and the background level of 1 × 10–15 from dead carbon sample has been achieved. This is the first dedicated accelerator of India only for AMS activities. This AMS system has the capabilities to perform 10Be and 26Al measurements as well.
The ‘Colombianisation’ of Central America: Misconceptions, Mischaracterisations and the Military-Agroindustrial Complex
Authors: Ballvé Teo , McSweeney Kendra 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObservers have increasingly described the drug-related violence and corruption affecting Central America as the region's ‘Colombianisation’. This narrative is not just confused and misleading; it is dangerous. The Colombianisation discourse perpetuates ineffective and destructive anti-drug policies. It also obscures the circulations and connections that make the drug trade, the drug war and their associated economies of violence possible. We do, however, recognise one form of Colombianisation that actuallyisunder way, but it is not the one imagined by security pundits. The real Colombianisation is a convergence of geopolitical and economic interests that have seized upon the geographical realignments of the drug trade to expand the same agroindustrial-military nexus in Central America that proved so ‘successful’ in Colombia.
Decent fault classification of VFD fed induction motor using random forest algorithm
Authors: Panigrahy Parth Sarathi , Santra Deepjyoti , Chattopadhyay Paramita 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA data-driven approach for multiclass fault diagnosis of drive fed induction motor (IM) using stator current at steady-state condition is a complex pattern classification problem. The applied DWT-IDWT algorithm in this work is reinforced by a novel selection criterion for mother wavelet application and justifies the originality of the work. This investigation has exploited the built-in feature selection process of Random Forest (RF) classifier to resolve the most challenging issues in this area, including bearing and stator fault detection. RF has shown an outstanding performance without application of any feature selection technique because of its distributive feature model. The robustness of the results backed by the experimental verification shows an encouraging future of RF as a classifier in the area of intelligent fault diagnosis of IM.