bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early persistent hyperparathyroidism post‐renal transplantation as a predictor of worse graft function and mortality after transplantation
Authors: Isakov Ofer , Ghinea Ronen , Beckerman Pazit , Mor Eytan , Riella Leonardo V. , Hod Tammy 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPersistent hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is frequently seen after transplantation contributing to post‐transplant complications.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective single center analysis to explore the relationship of early pHPT and long‐term allograft outcome. Patients were divided into high (N = 153) and low (N = 252) PTH groups based on serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) level 3 months post‐transplant (PTH ≥ 150 and < 150 pg/mL, respectively).ResultsHigh PTH was found to be an independent predictor for reduced kidney allograft function up to 3 years post‐transplant. eGFR decreased by 11.4 mL/min (P < .001) and the odds of having an eGFR < 60 mL/min 3 years post‐transplant were sixfold higher (P < .01) in the high compared to the low PTH group. Subgroup analysis based on eGFR 1 year post‐transplant, presence of slow graft function (SGF), and transplant type revealed similar results. High PTH three months post‐transplant was also independently associated with an increased risk for overall mortality and for death with a functioning graft (P < .05).ConclusionspHPT three months post‐renal transplantation is an independent predictor for a worse allograft function up to 3 years post‐transplant and a risk factor for mortality. This relationship remains statistically significant after accounting for baseline allograft function, presence of SGF and serum mineral levels abnormalities.
Expression of Paracrine Effectors in Human Adipose‐Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treated With Plasma From Brown Bears (Ursus arctos)
Authors: Berg von Linde Maria , Johansson Karin , Kruse Robert , Helenius Gisela , Samano Ninos , Friberg Örjan , Frøbert Anne Mette , Fröbert Ole 
Published: September 2020

Adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are promising candidates for novel cell therapeutic applications. Hibernating brown bears sustain tissue integrity and function via unknown mechanisms, which might be plasma borne. We hypothesized that plasma from hibernating bears may increase the expression of favorable factors from human ADSCs. In an experimental study, ADSCs from patients with ischemic heart disease were treated with interventional media containing plasma from hibernating and active bears, respectively, and with control medium. Extracted RNA from the ADSCs was sequenced using next generation sequencing. Statistical analyses of differentially expressed genes were performed using fold change analysis, pathway analysis, and gene ontology. As a result, we found that genes associated with inflammation, such as IGF1, PGF, IL11, and TGFA, were downregulated by > 10‐fold in ADSCs treated with winter plasma compared with control. Genes important for cardiovascular development, ADM, ANGPTL4, and APOL3, were upregulated in ADSCs when treated with winter plasma compared with summer plasma. ADSCs treated with bear plasma, regardless if it was from hibernating or active bears, showed downregulation of IGF1, PGF, IL11, INHBA, IER3, and HMOX1 compared with control, suggesting reduced cell growth and differentiation. This can be summarized in the conclusion that plasma from hibernating bears suppresses inflammatory genes and activates genes associated with cardiovascular development in human ADSCs. Identifying the involved regulator(s) holds therapeutic potential.
Lichen‐planopilaris‐like scarring pattern in a patient with alopecia and pityriasis rubra pilaris
Authors: Fernandez‐Flores Angel , Hermosa‐Gelbard Angela , Novo‐Lens Raquel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) is an erythematous‐desquamative dermatitis that is sometimes associated with non‐scarring alopecia. Despite the fact that the disease can be disfiguring, scarring alopecia has rarely been described in this disease. Here, we present a 69‐year‐old woman who developed an erythrodermic episode of PRP associated with telogen effluvium that left an area of persistent alopecia of the scalp and resulted in hair loss in the eyebrows. The biopsy of that area of the scalp demonstrated a scarring alopecia with lichen‐planopilaris‐like features. Despite this histopathology, the alopecia responded well to treatment. This finding expands the context in which lichen planopilaris features can be found and demonstrates their good prognosis under early treatment.
Branching networks can have opposing influences on genetic variation in riverine metapopulations
Authors: Chiu Ming‐Chih , Li Bin , Nukazawa Kei , Resh Vincent H. , Carvajal Thaddeus , Watanabe Kozo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimFractal networks, represented by branching complexity in rivers, are ubiquitous in nature. In rivers, the number of either distal (e.g. in headwater streams) or confluent (e.g. in mainstems) locations can be increased along with their branching complexity. Distal‐ or confluent‐spatial locations can result in fewer or greater corridor linkages that can alter genetic divergence at the metapopulation scale. These mechanisms underlying the resulting genetic structuring remain poorly understood at the metapopulation scale, particularly in terms of the roles of species‐specific dispersal traits. The objective of this study was to mechanistically understand how branching complexity can simultaneously influence genetic divergence in opposite directions.LocationNorth‐eastern Japan.MethodsTo evaluate the integrated influences of network complexity and species dispersal on genetic divergence among populations at the catchment scale, we modelled metapopulation genetic dynamics under a Bayesian inference framework by adapting empirical genetic data from four macroinvertebrate species. Simulations were then performed using empirical and virtual species characteristics on virtual river networks.ResultsOur simulation experiments showed that both greater landscape connectivity (resulting from shorter watercourse distance) and greater isolation of distal locations occurred in the more‐branched river networks. These two spatial features have negative and positive influences on genetic divergence, with their relative importance varying among different species and dispersal characteristics. Specifically, genetic divergence at the metapopulation scale increased for species having higher downstream‐biased dispersal but decreased for species having higher upstream‐biased dispersal. Distal populations (e.g. in headwaters) have higher genetic independence when downstream‐biased asymmetry is higher.Main conclusionsWe found a strong association between species dispersal and evolutionary processes such as gene flow and genetic drift. This association mediates the pervasive influences of branching complexity on genetic divergence in the metapopulation. It also highlights the importance of considering species dispersal patterns when developing management strategies in the face of rapid environmental change scenarios.
Moral distress among healthcare providers and mistrust among patients during COVID‐19 in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Fahmida 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has shaken the world through its first wave, and we have yet to experience the second wave. Even resourceful countries have failed to adequately prevent epidemics in their country, and for countries like Bangladesh, which already has strained an ineffective healthcare system, the challenges to contain the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus are that much more severe. Due to the scarcity of resources and systematic failures the Bangladeshi people deeply mistrust the healthcare system. The mistrust is further magnified as healthcare providers are hesitant to treat the patients because of the lack of proper protective gear. Physicians have a moral obligation to serve and treat patients; however, they have a moral obligation to protect their families. This dilemma places healthcare providers in situations where they experience moral distress. This article specifically discusses the importance of interpersonal relationships in driving change, using the framework of Responsiveness, while stating the need for complementary systematic change in order to rebuild trust in the Bangladeshi healthcare system.
Comparison of cardiac output estimates by echocardiography and bioreactance at rest and peak dobutamine stress test in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Sengupta Shantanu P. , Mungulmare Kunda , Okwose Nduka C. , MacGowan Guy A. , Jakovljevic Djordje G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurposeTo assess the agreement between cardiac output estimated by two‐dimensional echocardiography and bioreactance methods at rest and during dobutamine stress test in heart failure patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF).MethodsHemodynamic measurements were assessed in 20 stable HFpEF patients (12 females; aged 61 ± 7 years) using echocardiography and bioreactance methods during rest and dobutamine stress test at increment dosages of 5, 10, 15, and 20 μg/kg/min until maximal dose was achieved or symptoms and sign occurred, that is, chest pain, abnormal blood pressure elevation, breathlessness, ischemic changes, or arrhythmia.ResultsResting cardiac output and cardiac index estimated by bioreactance and echocardiography were not significantly different. At peak dobutamine stress test, cardiac output and cardiac index estimated by echocardiography and bioreactance were significantly different (7.06 ± 1.43 vs 5.71 ± 1.59 L/min, P < .01; and 4.27 ± 0.67 vs 3.43 ± 0.87 L/m2/min; P < .01) due to the significant differences in stroke volume. There was a strong positive relationship between cardiac outputs obtained by the two methods at peak dobutamine stress (r = .79, P < .01). The mean difference (lower and upper limits of agreement) between bioreactance and echocardiography cardiac outputs at rest and peak dobutamine stress was −0.45 (1.71 to −2.62) L/min and −1.35 (0.60 to −3.31) L/min, respectively.ConclusionBioreactance and echocardiography methods provide different cardiac output values at rest and during stress thus cannot be used interchangeably. Ability to continuously monitor key hemodynamic variables such as cardiac output, stroke volume, and heart rate is the major advantage of bioreactance method.
Relationships between mitral annular calcification and cardiovascular events: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Tom Kai Ming , Griffin Brian P. , Xu Bo , Rodriguez Leonardo L. , Popovic Zoran B. , Gillinov Marc A. , Pettersson Gosta B. , Desai Milind Y. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundMitral annular calcification (MAC) is prevalent in the aging population, with recent renewed interest regarding its associations with cardiovascular risk factors, outcomes, and influence on valvular heart disease and interventions. This meta‐analysis aimed to report the relationships between MAC and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity events.MethodsRelevant studies were searched from PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases until November 30, 2019. Associations between MAC as a binary variable with death and cardiovascular events were pooled using random‐effects models. The main outcomes of interest were all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and procedural outcomes.ResultsAmong 799 article abstracts and 122 full‐text articles screened, 26 (16 prospective and 10 retrospective) studies totaling 35 070 subjects were analyzed. MAC was associated with higher all‐cause death, hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.76 (1.43‐2.22), and cardiovascular mortality 1.85 (1.45‐23.5). It also positively correlated with myocardial infarction 1.48 (1.22‐1.79), stroke 1.51 (1.22‐2.05), incidental heart failure 1.55 (1.30‐1.84), atrial fibrillation 1.75 (1.43‐2.15), and their composite, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Finally, conversion to mitral valve replacement at time of cardiac surgery was more in patients with MAC than without MAC, with odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 2.82 (1.28‐6.18).ConclusionMitral annular calcification was overall associated with higher rates of death, and both individual and composite cardiovascular events. The presence of increasingly encountered MAC has significant clinical implications for cardiovascular risk assessment and valvular interventions.
The prognostic value of estimating stroke volume before and after exercise during treadmill stress echocardiography
Authors: Fitzgerald Benjamin T. , Logan Jelena K. , Weldon Ashleigh , Kwon Agatha , Scalia Isabel G. , Scalia Gregory M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundStress echocardiography (SE) is an established technique for assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) which is difficult to perform and interpret. Left ventricular stroke volume (SV) is readily estimated with Doppler echocardiography. It can be affected by myocardial ischemia, with possible adjunctive value during SE.MethodsPatients underwent Bruce protocol SE with SV estimated before and after maximal treadmill exertion post routine regional wall analysis. Incremental change in SV (ΔSV) with exercise was measured.ResultsA derivation cohort (n = 273) was established to test the hypothesis. An optimal cutoff for detection on inducible ischemia was ΔSV ≤ +10 mL. The validation cohort of consecutive patients (n = 1093, 376 [34%] female; age 59 ± 12 years) were followed clinically after SE for 20 460 patient‐months. There were 1000 patients with nonischemic SE, and 93 patients with studies suggestive of myocardial ischemia. Secondary analysis yielded 831 patients with a normal exercise response (ΔSV > +10 mL) and 192 with an abnormal ΔSV ≤ +10 mL. Time to first combined adverse cardiac event (composite of angina, acute coronary syndrome, cardiac revascularization, worsening New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, a reduction in EF, and cardiovascular death) was analyzed and adjusted using Cox proportional hazards regression. The hazard ratio for an adverse event with an abnormal ΔSV response (≤10 mL) was 10.3 (95% confidence intervals 5.6‐19.1, P < .0001).ConclusionsStroke volume assessment during SE is feasible and readily performed. It is simple, practical, and has incremental diagnostic and prognostic value when added to exercise regional wall‐motion analysis.
Evidence mapping and quality assessment of systematic reviews in dental traumatology
Authors: Tewari Nitesh , Mathur Vijay Prakash , Kaur Amandeep , Sardana Divesh , Rahul Morankar , Tamchos Rigzen , Ritwik Priyanshi , Goel Shubhi , Schiavo Julie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground/AimsEvidence mapping of systematic reviews (SRs) systematically and comprehensively identifies, organizes, and summarizes the distribution of scientific evidence in a field. The aims of this study were to delineate domains in dental traumatology (DT), evaluate the existing SRs within the domains, and identify the paucity of evidence for future research.MethodsDomains and sub‐domains of DT were established according to the methods of qualitative research. The protocol for evidence mapping was prepared as per the guidelines of GEM and PRISMA. The search strategy was formulated using words and MeSH terms in eight databases without restriction of languages and year of publication. Gray literature, protocol registries, and references of selected articles were also searched. Duplicates were removed, and the final selection of SRs was completed. Data extraction and quality analysis using the ROBIS tool and the PRISMA checklist were performed.ResultsThe overall search resulted in 64 SRs from 1999 to 2020 with 44 published in last six years. The highest number of SRs had been performed in the Prognostic domain (n = 19) followed by the domains of Epidemiology (n = 15), Therapeutics (n = 10), Oral Biology (n = 7), Diagnostics (n = 6), Preventive (n = 5), and Research Methods (n = 2). Within each domain, there were variabilities in the number of reviewers, a priori protocols, search limitations, risk of bias methods, and meta‐analysis. Of the SRs, including 4 Cochrane reviews, 28.4% were inconclusive. A low risk of bias was found in 48.4% of the SRs. Among the registered and ongoing SRs, six were from the domain of epidemiology, two in the domain of therapeutics, five from prognostics, and one each in the domains of prevention and research methods.ConclusionThe SRs in DT could be mapped in seven domains with variabilities in the methods. The majority had an a priori registered protocol and a low risk of reporting errors. Within the Epidemiology and Preventive domains, SRs were present in all the sub‐domains with the majority demonstrating low‐risk of bias (ROB). The domain of prognosis had SRs in most sub‐domains but with a high ROB. Insufficient numbers of SRs were present in most sub‐domains of the Diagnostics, Therapeutics, Research Methods and Oral Biology domains.
A common European Curriculum for Dental Hygiene ‐ Domain II: Safe and Effective Clinical Practice
Authors: Öhrn Kerstin , van Boxtel Agnes , Field James 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis position paper outlines the areas of competence and learning outcomes of the Common European Curriculum for Dental Hygiene (CECDH) that specifically relate to Safe and Effective Clinical Practice. Dental hygienists are required to ensure that they are capable of providing safe and appropriate care for their patients, whilst operating effectively within a wider team. The care provided should be based on contemporaneous evidence wherever possible, and the quality of care and the management systems that underpin it should be regularly audited and improved.
Exploring the impact of digital professionalism awareness training on dental undergraduate students
Authors: Gormley Mark , Collins Laura , Schofield Susie , Neville Patricia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionSince the publication of GDC guidance, there have been small, but rising numbers of Fitness to Practise (FtP) cases made against qualified dentists, relating to the use of social media. Prior to graduation, dental students currently receive training in the appropriate use of social media, but more work is needed to determine the most effective methods do this. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of the digital professionalism awareness training provided at one UK‐based institution.Materials and MethodsIn year 2, a "brown envelope" is compiled using an online publicly available Facebook profile search for every student. All year 2 to 5 dental undergraduate students at one UK dental school who had completed the "brown envelope" were invited to participate in focus groups to examine its impact on behaviour change. A qualitative framework analysis method was applied to the transcripts.ResultsEleven dental undergraduate students participated in two focus groups. All students had experienced the "brown envelope" intervention. Four main themes emerged, including: a clear expression of dental student autonomy and rejection of regulation; that online activity in dentistry is different to medicine; that the intervention is useful and changed online behaviour; and constructive suggestions for improving training.ConclusionThe interactive "brown envelope" intervention for digital professionalism awareness training was well received and appeared to result in actionable behavioural change on student profiles (eg alterations in privacy settings or restricting access to their own "friends lists").
Midostaurin in combination with chemotherapy is most effective in patients with acute myeloid leukemia presenting with high FLT3‐ITD allelic ratio who proceed to allogeneic stem cell transplantation while in first complete remission
Authors: Ofran Yishai , Leiba Ronit , Frisch Avraham , Horesh Nurit , Henig Israel , Yehudai‐Ofir Dana , Moshe Yakir , Neaman Miriam , Ganzel Chezi , Gal‐Rabinovich Kinneret , Hellmann Ilana , Weinstein Vladimir , Berger Tamar , Wolach Ofir 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesMidostaurin, a multikinase and FLT3 inhibitor, is the first non‐chemotherapy agent approved and widely adopted for the treatment of FLT3‐ITD acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Yet, its role in improving survival of patients referred to allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT) in first complete remission (CR1) needs to be defined.MethodsThis multicenter study retrospectively evaluated the outcome of 119 FLT3‐ITD AML patients [59 (49.6%) males and 60 females] intensively treated between 2015 and 2019 at five Israeli centers. In our cohort, allo‐SCT in CR1 was widely implemented (47%) and patient stratification was based on the current allelic ratio (AR) cutoff of 0.5.ResultsNinety‐eight patients (82.3%) achieved CR1/CR with incomplete count recovery (CRi). Death during induction was reported in 7 (5.9%) patients. In multivariate analysis, midostaurin use and allo‐SCT in CR1 were the most significant factors affecting overall survival (OS). Midostaurin incorporation in chemotherapy regimens significantly improved CR + CRi rates (P = .002), reduced relapse rates (P = .02), and was remarkably advantageous for high‐AR patients (2‐year OS 82%). In low‐AR patients, the midostaurin effect was much less prominent.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate benefits of midostaurin incorporation in intensive chemotherapy regimens, particularly for high‐AR AML patients to whom it should be offered along with allo‐SCT in CR1.
Splitting event‐related potentials: Modeling latent components using regression‐based waveform estimation
Authors: Brouwer Harm , Delogu Francesca , Crocker Matthew W. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEvent‐related potentials (ERPs) provide a multidimensional and real‐time window into neurocognitive processing. The typical Waveform‐based Component Structure (WCS) approach to ERPs assesses the modulation pattern of components—systematic, reoccurring voltage fluctuations reflecting specific computational operations—by looking at mean amplitude in predetermined time‐windows. This WCS approach, however, often leads to inconsistent results within as well as across studies. It has been argued that at least some inconsistencies may be reconciled by considering spatiotemporal overlap between components; that is, components may overlap in both space and time, and given their additive nature, this means that the WCS may fail to accurately represent its underlying latent component structure (LCS). We employ regression‐based ERP (rERP) estimation to extend traditional approaches with an additional layer of analysis, which enables the explicit modeling of the LCS underlying WCS. To demonstrate its utility, we incrementally derive an rERP analysis of a recent study on language comprehension with seemingly inconsistent WCS‐derived results. Analysis of the resultant regression models allows one to derive an explanation for the WCS in terms of how relevant regression predictors combine in space and time, and crucially, how individual predictors may be mapped onto unique components in LCS, revealing how these spatiotemporally overlap in the WCS. We conclude that rERP estimation allows for investigating how scalp‐recorded voltages derive from the spatiotemporal combination of experimentally manipulated factors. Moreover, when factors can be uniquely mapped onto components, rERPs may offer explanations for seemingly inconsistent ERP waveforms at the level of their underlying latent component structure.