bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internet‐based interpretation bias modification for body dissatisfaction: A three‐armed randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dietel Fanny Alexandra , Zache Carina , Bürkner Paul‐Christian , Schulte Johanna , Möbius Martin , Bischof Annika , Wilhelm Sabine , Buhlmann Ulrike 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveAppearance‐related interpretation bias is postulated to play a role in the maintenance of body dissatisfaction (BD), a risk factor for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), and eating disorders (ED). Cognitive bias modification for interpretation (CBM‐I) has been shown to reduce maladaptive interpretation bias and symptoms in various emotional disorders. This study investigated the acceptability and efficacy of an easily disseminable, web‐based CBM‐I program for BD.MethodsIndividuals with high BD (N = 318) were randomized to a multi‐session CBM‐I (Sentence Word Association Paradigm [SWAP] with feedback) vs. control (SWAP without feedback) versus waitlist condition. Interpretation bias, BD and associated symptoms were assessed at baseline and post‐intervention. Symptoms were monitored up to 1‐week and 4‐week follow‐up. We further investigated transference effects to stress reactivity, as predicted by cognitive‐behavioral models, at post‐intervention.ResultsAppearance‐related CBM‐I led to a differential pre–post increase in adaptive interpretation patterns, particularly for appearance‐related and social situations (d = 0.65–1.18). Both CBM‐I and control training reduced BD, BDD symptom severity, and depression. However, CBM‐I (vs. control and waitlist) improved appearance‐related quality of life (d = 0.51), self‐esteem (d = 0.52), and maladaptive appearance‐related beliefs (d = 0.47). State stress reactivity was overall reduced in the CBM‐I condition (vs. waitlist). Intervention effects largely held stable up to follow‐ups. Treatment satisfaction was comparable to other CBM‐I studies, with low rates of adverse reactions.DiscussionThese findings support assumptions of cognitive‐behavioral models for BD, BDD, and ED, and suggest that web‐based CBM‐I is an efficacious and acceptable intervention option.
Prognostic significance of right ventricular hypertrophy and systolic function in Anderson–Fabry disease
Authors: Graziani Francesca , Lillo Rosa , Panaioli Elena , Pieroni Maurizio , Camporeale Antonia , Verrecchia Elena , Sicignano Ludovico Luca , Manna Raffaele , Lombardo Antonella , Lanza Gaetano Antonio , Crea Filippo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimsRight ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) is a common finding in Anderson–Fabry disease (AFD), but the prognostic role of right ventricular (RV) involvement has never been assessed. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of RVH and RV systolic function in AFD.Methods and resultsForty‐five AFD patients (56% male patients) with extensive baseline evaluation, including assessment of RVH and RV systolic function, were followed‐up for an average of 51.2 ± 11.4 months. RV systolic function was assessed by standard and tissue Doppler echocardiography. Cardiovascular events were defined as new‐onset atrial fibrillation (AF), sustained ventricular arrhythmias, heart failure, or pacemaker/implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation; renal events were defined as progression to dialysis and/or renal transplantation or significant worsening of glomerular filtration rate; and cerebrovascular events were defined as transient ischaemic attack or stroke.Fourteen patients (31.1%) presented RVH, while RV systolic function was normal in all cases. During the follow‐up period, 13 patients (28.8%, 11 male) experienced 18 major events, including two deaths. Cardiovascular events occurred in eight patients (17.7%). The most common event was pacemaker/implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation (six patients, 13.3%), followed by AF (three cases, 6.6%). Only one case of worsening New York Heart Association class (from II to III and IV) was observed. Ischaemic stroke occurred in three cases (6.6%). Renal events were recorded in three patients (6.6%). At univariate analysis, several variables were associated with the occurrence of events, including RVH (HR: 7.09, 95% CI: 2.17 to 23.14, P = 0.001) and indexes of RV systolic function (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion HR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.62 to 0.96, P = 0.02; and RV tissue Doppler systolic velocity HR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.93, P = 0.01). At multivariate analysis, proteinuria (HR:8.3, 95% CI: 2.88 to 23.87, P < 0.001) and left ventricular mass index (HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.03, P = 0.03) emerged as the only independent predictors of outcome.ConclusionsRVH and RV systolic function show significant association with clinical events in AFD, but only proteinuria and left ventricular mass index emerged as independent predictors of outcome. Our findings suggest that RV involvement does not influence prognosis in AFD and confirm that renal involvement and left ventricular hypertrophy are the main determinant of major cardiac and non‐cardiac events.
Template‐free Electrosynthesis of Platinum Nano‐Cauliflowers for Catalysing Electron Transfer Reaction of Plutonium
Authors: Ambolikar Arvind S. , Guin Saurav K. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA coupled‐oxido‐reductive multiple‐potentiostatic pulse strategy was developed to electrochemically prepare platinum‐nano‐cauliflowers (PtNCFs) on indium‐tin‐oxide (ITO) coated glass electrode. The mechanism of electrocrystallization was studied during the formation of PtNCFs on ITO. By virtue of that synthesis strategy, the PtNCFs/ITO surface could catalyse the quasi‐reversible electron transfer reaction of plutonium (Pu) (IV)/(III) redox couple in aqueous sulphuric acid solution compared to bare ITO.
Versatile lab‐scale test rig for experimental analysis and heat transfer modelling of thermally activated building systems
Authors: Tejero‐González Ana , Velasco‐Gómez Eloy , Andrés‐Chicote Manuel , Rey‐Martínez Francisco Javier 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThermally activated building systems (TABS) constitute an energy efficient building conditioning solution through the combination of low‐exergy space heating and cooling and thermal energy storage (TES) features. Their implementation is, however, complex, due to the number of factors involved in their design and operation. Mathematical models are useful to overcome this, but require validation, while experimental setups to study sensible TES can be bulky and difficult to handle. In this work, a homogeneous concrete slab and a multilayer concrete‐sand‐gravel slab are built and activated with constant heat flow. Both slabs are experimentally tested and their thermal behaviour is modelled through a 1D finite difference method (FDM). Results demonstrate that materials such as sand and gravel can be used to provide relevant experimental data for TABS heat transfer model validation through a versatile lab test rig. A 1D FDM proves to be a simple, accurate method to predict the thermal behaviour of the slabs during transient peaks in charging and discharging processes as well as during steady‐state operation, given that most of the time absolute errors remain below the measurement uncertainty thresholds. Finally, this paper sets a basis to support future experimental work on sensible TES and provides data for further model validation.
Microplastic Prevalence in 4 Oregon Rivers Along a Rural to Urban Gradient Applying a Cost-Effective Validation Technique
Authors: Valine Amy E. , Peterson Ashley E. , Horn Dorothy A. , Scully-Engelmeyer Kaegan M. , Granek Elise F. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Microplastics are ubiquitous in our environment and are found in rivers, streams, oceans, and even tap water. Riverine microplastics are relatively understudied compared with those in marine ecosystems. In Oregon (USA), we sampled 8 sites along 4 freshwater rivers spanning rural to urban areas to quantify microplastics. Plankton tow samples from sites along the Columbia, Willamette, Deschutes, and Rogue Rivers were analyzed using traditional light microscopy for initial microplastic counts. Application of Nile Red dye to validate microplastics improved microplastic identification, particularly for particles (Wilcox test; p = 0.001). Nile Red–corrected microfiber abundance was correlated with human population within 5 km of the sample site (R² = 0.554), although no such relationship was observed between microparticles and population (R² = 0.183). We found that plastics were present in all samples from all sites, despite the range from undeveloped, remote stretches of river in rural areas to metropolitan sites within Portland (OR, USA), demonstrating the pervasive presence of plastic pollution in freshwater ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1590–1598. © 2020 SETAC
Abstract
The 8 microplastic sampling locations and their respective populations within a 5-km radius; population represented by graduated circles. Microplastic fibers/m3 are also graphed to show differences before (gray) and after (orange) the application of Nile Red dye. NR = Nile Red; OMSI = Oregon Museum of Science and Industry; GP Rogue = Grants Pass, Rogue River.
Early predictors of small‐for‐gestational‐age neonates using non‐invasive, low‐cost, and readily available hematological markers
Authors: Levy Ofir , Pariente Gali , Rotem Reut , Yohai David , Weintraub Adi Y. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate whether neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a well‐established inflammatory marker, can be used as an early predictor for small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) neonates and other adverse pregnancy outcomes.MethodsA case‐control study compared first‐trimester hematological biomarkers in pregnancies of patients with and without SGA (n=149, n=151, respectively). Demographic, clinical, and obstetrical characteristics and first‐trimester complete blood count were retrieved. Woman with singleton pregnancies who delivered at Soroka University Medical Center between January 2015 and December 2016 were included. Patients with known maternal infections, relevant medications, hematological conditions, and chronic diseases that may alter the blood count, those with multiple pregnancies, and those with congenital or chromosomal abnormalities were excluded. After univariate analysis, a linear regression model was constructed to assess the association between hematological indices and SGA. Receiver operating curves were constructed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of NLR.ResultsFirst‐trimester NLR values of the SGA group were significantly higher compared to controls (3.03 ± 1.68 vs 2.63 ± 1.2, P=0.016). Significantly higher levels of NLR were noted among the severely (<3%) SGA neonates (3.12 ± 1.62 vs 2.62 ± 1.2; P=0.034).ConclusionNLR may be an early, clinically useful marker in the prediction of SGA. As blood samples are routinely collected, correct implication of this result may serve as a valuable non‐invasive, low‐cost, readily available predicting tool.
FACSCanto II and LSRFortessa flow cytometer instruments can be synchronized utilizing single‐fluorochrome–conjugated surface‐dyed beads for standardized immunophenotyping
Authors: Cornel Annelisa M. , van der Burght Christine A. J. , Nierkens Stefan , van Velzen Jeroen F. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundMultiparameter flow cytometry is the preferred method to determine immunophenotypic features of cells present in a wide variety of sample types. Standardization is key to avoid inconsistencies and subjectivity of interpretations between clinical diagnostic laboratories. Among these standardization requirements, synchronization between different flow cytometer instruments is indispensable to obtain comparable results. This study aimed to investigate whether two widely used flow cytometers, the FACSCanto II and LSRFortessa, can be effectively synchronized utilizing calibration bead–based synchronization.MethodTwo FACSCanto II and two LSRFortessa flow cytometers were synchronized with both multicolor hard‐dyed and single‐fluorochrome–conjugated surface‐dyed beads according to the manufacturer's instructions. Cell staining was performed on five whole‐blood samples obtained from healthy controls and were analyzed upon synchronization with the respective synchronization protocols.ResultsComparability criteria (defined as <15% deviation from the reference instrument) were met with both bead sets when synchronizing different FACSCanto II or LSRFortessa instruments. However, we observed that the criteria could not be met when synchronizing FACSCanto II with LSRFortessa instruments with multicolor hard‐dyed beads. By utilizing single‐fluorochrome–conjugated surface‐dyed beads to determine and adjust PMT voltages, the accepted comparability criteria were successfully met. The protocol has been validated using five different eight‐parameter stained samples.ConclusionWe show that FACSCanto II and LSRFortessa instruments can effectively be synchronized using single‐fluorochrome–conjugated surface‐dyed beads in case deviation criteria cannot be met using multicolor hard‐dyed beads. Synchronization with single‐fluorochrome–conjugated surface‐dyed beads results in decreased deviations between instruments, allowing comparability criteria to become stricter.
Adjunctive mesenchymal stem/stromal cells augment microvascular function in poststenotic kidneys treated with low‐energy shockwave therapy
Authors: Chen Xiao‐Jun , Zhang Xin , Jiang Kai , Krier James D. , Zhu Xiangyang , Conley Sabena , Lerman Amir , Lerman Lilach O. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEffective therapeutic strategies are needed to preserve renal function in patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS). Low‐energy shockwave therapy (SW) and adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) both stimulate angiogenesis repair of stenotic kidney injury. This study tested the hypothesis that intrarenal delivery of adipose tissue‐derived MSCs would enhance the capability of SW to preserve stenotic kidney function and structure. Twenty‐two pigs were studied after 16 weeks of ARAS, ARAS treated with a SW regimen (bi‐weekly for 3 weeks) with or without subsequent intrarenal delivery of adipose tissue‐derived MSCs and controls. Four weeks after treatment, single‐kidney renal blood flow (RBF) before and after infusion of acetylcholine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and oxygenation were assessed in vivo and the renal microcirculation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress ex vivo. Mean arterial pressure remained higher in ARAS, ARAS + SW, and ARAS + SW + MSC compared with normal. Both SW and SW + MSC similarly elevated the decreased stenotic kidney GFR and RBF observed in ARAS to normal levels. Yet, SW + MSC significantly improved RBF response to acetylcholine in ARAS, and attenuated capillary loss and oxidative stress more than SW alone. Density of larger microvessels was similarly increased by both interventions. Therefore, although significant changes in functional outcomes were not observed in a short period of time, adjunct MSCs enhanced pro‐angiogenic effect of SW to improve renal microvascular outcomes, suggesting this as an effective stratege for long‐term management of renovascular disease.
Molecular genetics of phenylketonuria and tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency in Jordan
Authors: Carducci Carla , Amayreh Wajdi , Ababneh Haneen , Mahasneh Amjad , Al Rababah Buthaina , Al Qaqa Kefah , Al Aqeel Momen , Artiola Cristiana , Tolve Manuela , D'Amici Sirio , Shen Nan , Yu Yongguo , Hillert Alicia , Himmelreich Nastassja , Okun Jürgen G. , Hoffmann Georg F. , Blau Nenad 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundInformation regarding the prevalence of PKU in the Middle East in comparison to other world regions is scarce, which might be explained by difficulties in the implementation of national newborn screening programs.ObjectiveThis study seeks for the first time to genotype and biochemically characterize patients diagnosed with hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) at the Pediatric Metabolic Genetics Clinic at the King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, Jordan.MethodsA total of 33 patients with HPA and 55 family members were investigated for pterins (neopterin and biopterin) and dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) activity in dried blood spots. Patients with HPA were genotyped for phenylketonuria (PKU) and the genes involved in tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) metabolism.ResultsIn total 20 patients were diagnosed with PKU due to phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) deficiency, 2 with GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH) deficiency, 6 with DHPR deficiency, and 3 with the 6‐pyruvoyl‐tetrahydropterin synthase (PTPS) deficiency. Diagnosis was not possible in 2 patients. This study documents a high percentage of BH4 deficiencies within HPA patients. With one exception, all patients were homozygous for particular gene variants.ConclusionsThis approach enables differentiation between PKU and BH4 deficiencies and, thus, allows for critical selection of a specific treatment strategies.
The Fifth WS/DGAT Enzyme of the Bacterium Marinobacter aquaeolei VT8
Authors: Vollheyde Katharina , Yu Dan , Hornung Ellen , Herrfurth Cornelia , Feussner Ivo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWax esters (WE) belong to the class of neutral lipids. They are formed by an esterification of a fatty alcohol and an activated fatty acid. Dependent on the chain length and desaturation degree of the fatty acid and the fatty alcohol moiety, WE can have diverse physicochemical properties. WE derived from monounsaturated long‐chain acyl moieties are of industrial interest due to their very good lubrication properties. Whereas WE were obtained in the past from spermaceti organs of the sperm whale, industrial WE are nowadays mostly produced chemically from fossil fuels. In order to produce WE more sustainably, attempts to produce industrial WE in transgenic plants are steadily increasing. To achieve this, different combinations of WE producing enzymes are expressed in developing Arabidopsis thaliana or Camelina sativa seeds. Here we report the identification and characterization of a fifth wax synthase from the organism Marinobacter aquaeolei VT8, MaWSD5. It belongs to the class of bifunctional wax synthase/acyl‐CoA:diacylglycerol O‐acyltransferases (WSD). The protein was purified to homogeneity. In vivo and in vitro substrate analyses revealed that MaWSD5 is able to synthesize WE but no triacylglycerols. The protein produces WE from saturated and monounsaturated mid‐ and long‐chain substrates. Arabidopsis thaliana seeds expressing a fatty acid reductase from Marinobacter aquaeolei VT8 and MaWSD5 produce WE. Main WE synthesized are 20:1/18:1 and 20:1/20:1. This makes MaWSD5 a suitable candidate for industrial WE production in planta.
Phosphonate cycling supports methane and ethylene supersaturation in the phosphate‐depleted western North Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Sosa Oscar A. , Burrell Timothy J. , Wilson Samuel T. , Foreman Rhea K. , Karl David M. , Repeta Daniel J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn oligotrophic ocean regions, dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) plays a prominent role as a source of phosphorus (P) to microorganisms. An important bioavailable component of DOP is phosphonates, organophosphorus compounds with a carbon‐phosphorus (C‐P) bond, which are ubiquitous in high molecular weight dissolved organic matter (HMWDOM). In addition to being a source of P, the degradation of phosphonates by the bacterial C‐P lyase enzymatic pathway causes the release of trace hydrocarbon gases relevant to climate and atmospheric chemistry. In this study, we investigated the roles of phosphate and phosphonate cycling in the production of methane (CH4) and ethylene (C2H4) in the western North Atlantic Ocean, a region that features a transition in phosphate concentrations from coastal to open ocean waters. We observed an inverse relationship between phosphate and the saturation state of CH4 and C2H4 in the water column, and between phosphate and the relative abundance of the C‐P lyase marker gene phnJ. In phosphate‐depleted waters, methylphosphonate and 2‐hydroxyethylphosphonate, the C‐P lyase substrates that yield CH4 and C2H4, respectively, were readily degraded in proportions consistent with their abundance and bioavailability in HMWDOM and with the concentrations of CH4 and C2H4 in the water column. We conclude that phosphonate degradation through the C‐P lyase pathway is an important source and a common production pathway of CH4 and C2H4 in the phosphate‐depleted surface waters of the western North Atlantic Ocean and that phosphate concentration can be an important control on the saturation state of these gases in the upper ocean.
Several Sterilization Strategies Maintain the Functionality of Mucin Glycoproteins
Authors: Rickert Carolin Alexandra , Lutz Theresa Monika , Marczynski Matthias , Lieleg Oliver 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMucin glycoproteins, the macromolecular components of mucus, combine a broad range of biomedically important properties. Among those is the ability of mucin solutions to act as excellent lubricants. However, to be able to use purified, endogenous mucin glycoproteins as components of a biomedical product, the mucins need to be sterile; this, in turn, makes it necessary to subject the mucins to quite harsh physical treatments, such as heat exposure, autoclaving, UV‐, or γ‐irradiation, which might compromise the functionality of the glycoproteins. Here, it is shown that mucins are indeed able to withstand most of those treatments without suffering significant lubrication impairment or structural degradation. Among those treatments, which left the mucins unharmed, γ‐irradiation is identified to be the most powerful one in terms of inactivating microbial contaminations. The obtained results demonstrate a remarkable sturdiness of mucins, which opens up broad possibilities for them to be further processed into materials, e.g., as parts of biomedical products.
Sustainable Polyesteramides and Copolyamides: Insights into the Copolymerization Behavior of Terpene‐Based Lactams
Authors: Winnacker Malte , Lamparelli David H. , Capacchione Carmine , Güngör Hicran H. , Stieglitz Lucas , Rodewald Katia S. , Schmidt Matthias , Gronauer Thomas F. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSustainable lactams, which are derived from terpenes, are used for the synthesis of different novel copolymers via ring‐opening polymerization. Different conditions are tested and the incorporation of the different monomers into the polymers is elucidated. This gives access to a variety of new polymer structures and their application range is thus remarkably extended.
Three Novel Variants identified in FBN1 and TGFBR2 in seven Iranian families with suspected Marfan syndrome
Authors: Bitarafan Fatemeh , Razmara Ehsan , Khodaeian Mehrnoosh , Keramatipour Mohammad , Kalhor Alireza , Jafarinia Ehsan , Garshasbi Masoud 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundMarfan syndrome (MFS) is a multi‐systemic autosomal dominant disease of the connective tissue characterized by the early development of thoracic aneurysms/dissections, along with various manifestations of the ocular and skeletal systems. Due to the genetic and clinical heterogeneity, the clinical diagnosis of this disorder is challenging. Loss‐of‐function mutations in FBN1 (encodes fibrillin‐1) lead to MFS type 1. Also, similar mutations in transforming growth factor β receptor 2 (TGFBR2) gene cause MFS type 2. Both proteins involve in TGF‐β signaling.MethodsIn this study, genetic screening using a panel involving 14 genes, especially FBN1 and TGFBR2, were performed on seven representatives affected members of seven unrelated Iranian families suspected with MFS. To confirm the variants, Sanger sequencing was applied to other affected/unaffected members of the families.ResultsA total of 13 patients showed MFS manifestations. Using genetic screening, two novel and three previously reported variants in FBN1 were identified. We also detected two variants (a novel and a previously reported variant) in the TGFBR2 gene.ConclusionIn this study, we introduce three novel variants identified through gene screening in seven Iranian MFS families. This report is expected to considerably improve genetic counseling for Iranian MFS families. Early precise molecular diagnosis can be helpful for better management and improving the life expectancy of these patients.