bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Urinary Calprotectin Levels in Type 2 Diabetics with Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Halawa M R , Abushady M M , Abdelsalam M M , Mohamed N R , Basabbea A S S , Ismail S A , Shehata S M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the present study is to investigate the association of urinary calprotectin levels with lower extremities peripheral arterial disease (LEPAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Background
calprotectin is formed by two different calcium- binding proteins; it constitutes about 40% of neutrophils all cytosolic proteins. Calprotectin or its components (S100A8/S100A9) consider as a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory conditions including diabetes mellitus. The ankle-brachial index of less than 0.9 was applied for LEPAD diagnosis.

Method
we recruited 60 patients with T2DM; half of them had LEPAD and a healthy control group consists of 30 participants. Urinary Calprotectin and high sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay kit.

Results
Urinary calprotectin level was statistically significant higher among the three participating groups (p value &lt;0.001), however, in post-hoc analysis there was no difference between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with or without LEPAD (p value =0.993). However, urinary calprotectin was weakly associated with LEPAD severity (p value = 0.175, p value = 0.06 respectively).There was a statistically significant positive correlation between urinary calprotectin level and hsCRP (r = 0.65, p value 0.001).

Conclusion
Urinary calprotectin cannot be used as a biomarker for LEPAD in T2DM.
Health Related Quality of Life in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients before and after treatment
Authors: Abdelaziz H , Seifeldin S , Elhosseiny M , Abolfotouh A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Back ground
Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) virus infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease and death throughout the world; several studies have shown an impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL)in patients with CHC compared to general population whereas treatment of this disease often produce varying degrees of adverse effects which may negatively affect a patient’s HRQoL.

Aim
To measure the change in the HRQoL of the patients after the treatment and compare this change with response to treatment.

Methodology
427 chronic HCV newly recruited patients to receive pegylated interferon and ribavirin for 48 weeks in the National Hepatology & Tropical medicine Research Institute were selected and completed the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire before treatment and at the end of treatment then followed up for another six months to determine sustained virological response (SVR).
Results Patients’ HRQoL showed deterioration in all domains at the end of treatment compared to baseline measures with high statistical significant differences (p &lt; 0.001). Non-responders showed more deterioration than patients with SVR especially in the perception of “mental health, social wellbeing, bodily pain, and general health”.
Conclusion Sustained virological response rate between chronic hepatitis C patients receiving combined anti-viral therapy (interferon and ribavirin) was 63.5%. HRQoL of patients receiving combined anti-viral therapy (interferon and ribavirin) deteriorated during the course of treatment till the end of treatment. Patients with SVR were less deteriorated than non-responders.
Study of Serum Chemerin in Patients of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and its Relation to Insulin Resistance
Authors: Halawa M R , Abdelbaky R S , Eid Y M , Nasr M S , Hendawy L M , Mohamed B M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
study of chemerin level in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCO) patients and its relation to insulin resistance (IR). Upon chemerin on adipose tissue and glucose metabolism, serum chemerin has been recently studied in (PCO) women

Aim
We aimed to study the level of serum chemerin in PCO patients and its relation to insulin resistance.

Methods
The current study included 45 subjects with PCO syndrome and 45 healthy subjects as a control group. PCO subjects were divided into 27 obese PCO and 18 lean PCO. Control women were divided into 25 obese women and 20 lean women. Measurement of serum chemerin levels, fasting blood glucose (FBG),fasting insulin (FIN), total testosterone and pelvic ultrasonography

Results
Serum chemerin was significantly higher in the obese PCOS group (99.65 ± 13.72 ng/mL) compared with lean PCOS (87.99 ± 5,64 ng/mL) and the obese (76.82 ± 2.39 ng/mL) and non-obese (69.19 ± 8.40 ng/mL) control groups. In PCOS women, serum chemerin levels were positively correlated with Body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.835, P &lt; 0.001), Fasting blood glucose (FBG) (r = 0.493, P &lt; 0.005), Fasting insulin (FIN) (r = 0.913, P &lt; 0.001), Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (r = 0.9181, P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
There is an increase in serum chemerin level in PCOS patients with even more significant increase in patients with obese PCOS.
Panton Valentine Gene in both Community-acquired and Healthcare-acquired Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Ain Shams University Hospitals
Authors: Mohamed R A , Fathi L F , Salaheldeen N N 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen that is associated with both hospital and community infections. Panton Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is an important virulence factor of S. aureus that is considered by many authors a marker of community acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA).

Aim of the Work
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PVL genes among healthcare acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) and CA-MRSA isolates, and to test the hypothesis that PVL is a reliable marker of CA-MRSA isolates.

Material and Methods
This comparative cross-sectional study was done on fifteen community acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) and fifteen hospital acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA), obtained from patients attending outpatient clinics, presenting with community-acquired pyogenic infections and patients with healthcare acquired pyogenic infections in Intensive Care Units (ICUs), during the period from May 2017 till February 2018. Clinical specimens included pus and different body fluids.
Staphylococcus aureus was isolated and identified using conventional microbiological methods3. Isolates were then tested for methicillin resistance by culture on mannitol salt agar (MSA) with cefoxitin4. The presence of mecA and pvl genes in all MRSA isolates was subsequently detected by PCR5,6.

Results
Among 15 HA-MRSA isolates, mecA gene was positive in 40% (6/15) of isolates, while pvl gene was positive in 53.3% (8/15) of isolates. Among 15 CA-MRSA isolates, mecA gene was positive in 46.7% (7/15) of isolates, while pvl gene was positive in 26.7% (4/15) of isolates.

Conclusion
We conclude that pvl gene is not a sole genetic marker for diagnosis CA-MRSA, as there was no significant correlation between mecA that encodes for methicillin resistance and pvl genes among fifteen CA-MRSA isolates (P value =1).
Neuro-endocrinal effects of antipsychotics
Authors: Elmahallawy N M N , Elsheikh M M , Mahmoud D A , Ibrahim M A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Over the past few years, prescriptions of antipsychotic medications have risen significantly. In particular, there is increasing use of second- and third-generation antipsychotic agents. However, numerous studies have shown clinically relevant adverse effects (such as weight gain, metabolic disorders, prolactin changes, and extrapyramidal symptoms [EPS]) with these therapeutic agents.
The objective of this article is to provide a comparative review of the safety data available for antipsychotic drug use.

Methods
review the available literatures and case studies done on the neuro-endocrinal effects of the antipsychotics for the past 20 years from the following database: libraries of faculties of medicine of various Egyptian universities and database of various journals of psychiatry and through Pubmed and Scopus search engines.

Limitations
Absence of Arabic studies. Shortage of modern references.

Conclusions
Atypical antipsychotics are thought to be safer than typical antipsychotics, so they are the first-line of treatment at first-episode of psychosis, at least in the short-term. But, atypical antipsychotics still have severe neuro-endocrinal side effects. Each drug should be considered according to their suited to the patient. To avoid the side effects, choose the suitable antipsychotic drug, use the lowest efficatious dose; the minimum dose and duration of treatment, have good communication with the patients about the side effects to treat them immediately when they appear and to stop the medication.
The relationship between disturbed Eating behavior and Substance abuse in an Egyptian sample
Authors: Essawy H I , Elghonemy S H , Mahmoud D A , Arafa A M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Substance use disorder (SUD) is a significant public health concern and the comorbidity between eating disorders also, substance use disorders (SUDs) in general have been sought in causal or common etiology. Personality traits have been suggested as shared influences on both of them .Early screening for risk factors for the development of co-occurring eating disorders and substance use disorder as well as sociocultural factors can improve the prognosis of patients

Aim of the work
to estimate the occurrence of disturbed eating behavior in patients with substance use disorder.

Subjects and Methods
The present study is a cross sectional observational study aimed to investigate the relation between disturbed eating behavior and the severity of substance abuse in patients with substance use disorder. Illustrate the Association between disturbed eating behavior and the severity of substance.

Results
The results are divided in to 2 parts: Descriptive part of the socio demographic data, disturbed eating behaviors and analytical part consists of relation between disturbed eating behavior and socio demographic data, as well as relation between addiction severity and sociodemographic data, and finally between disturbed eating behaviors and addiction severity index.

Conclusion
As the duration of SUD increases the interparental conflicts and interparental violence increases which increases the risk of internalizing, externalizing and total behavioral problems among their children.
Epidemiology of Stroke in Sohag; Hospital Based Study
Authors: Aref H , Ahmed S , Shalash A , Abdelrahem M I A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Stroke is increasingly becoming a challenging public health issue in Africa, and the non-availability of data has limited research output and consequently the response to this burden. This hospital based study aimed to estimate the epidemiology of stroke of referral hospitals in Sohag Governorate in Upper Egypt. the study investigated stroke risk factors, types, mortality and disability in this city.

Material and Methods
A hospital based study was done in three Sohag hospitals during 2016 and 2017. Patients with acute cerebrovascular stroke admitted at Sohag hospitals and were underwent full clinical assessment, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scoring, lab investigations, and neuroimaging. stroke risk factors, types, mortality and disability were determined.

Results
480 patients were recruited; the median age was 60 years old, males were 49% and females were 51%. Ischemic arterial infarction was 69.4%, hemorrhagic stroke was 26.9% and SAH was 3.75%.

Conclusion
Cerebrovascular stroke is more frequent in Sohag populations; ischemic stroke is more common than hemorrhagic stroke. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the main risk factors. Mortality during admission is more than the fifth of all cases.
Clinico - aetiological profile of new onset seizures among adult Egyptians
Authors: Mohamed A K , Mahmoud M H , Awad E M , Shafik M A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
We aimed to evaluate the clinical and etiological profile of new onset seizures in adults with the help of laboratory and neuroimaging studies in a tertiary care hospital in Cairo.

Methods
An observational hospital based cross sectional analytical study of 120 cases with new onset seizures were included in the study, who had their first seizure above the age of 18, and admitted to Neurology OPCs and ER of Ain Shams University and Nasr city Health Insurance Hospitals between March 2018 to September 2018. We determined the type of seizure and etiological factors.

Results
In the 120 patients, whose specific incidence of acute new onset seizures was found to be highest in males in the age group &gt; 55 years 48 (66.67 %), we found the most common seizure type was generalized seizure 56 (46.67%) and the most common etiologic factor was cerebrovascular diseases 58 (48.33 %). Patients presented with cluster seizures was 31 (25.83 %) and status epileptics was 14 (11.67 %). The most common metabolic insult was hypocalcemia 12 (10%) and hyponatremia 8 (6.76%).

Conclusion
Cerebrovascular disease was the most common etiology after 55 years of age whereas Idiopathic epilepsy syndrome and Metabolic insults were common in younger individuals (18-35) years of age. Patients presented with cluster seizures were mostly found to have SOL.
Gender differences in clinical and sociodemographic pattern of substance Use disorder
Authors: Elhabiby M M , Elrassas H H , Morsi M H , Ezzat F M N 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Substance use disorder (SUD) is a significant public health concern and is one among the most common psychiatric disorders beginning in young adulthood. The history of substance abuse is as old as mankind itself; recently it has become a global problem that is influenced by social, economic, political, and psychosocial factors, scientist have long noted an association between social relationships and health.

Aim of the work
to analyze and discuss similarities and difference between the genders in substance use disorder, highlighting severity of substance use disorder in both male and female focusing on comorbidity of substance use disorder in both male and female.

Subjects and Methods
This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on a sample of 117 addict patient (39 f and 78 m) who seek a treatment in Egyptian psychiatric hospitals. The Sample was collected from inpatient and outpatient department of Ain Shams Psychiatric hospital, Heliopolis (Almatar) Psychiatric Hospital and Alabasseya Psychiatric hospital.

Results
the study revealed a statistically significant difference in various parameters as the mean age of abuse was higher among men than women with longer duration of life time and last 30 days intake compared to females. As regard marital status, married men percentage was lower in comparison to females who had a higher percentage of divorces. Regarding educational level, more females completed primary level but more males completed to tertiary diploma and higher percentage compared with females. Males abuse was more physically and emotionally but females exposed to more sexual abuse. Legal problems were higher in males as violation and drug charge compared to the females. On the other hand, job and dealing drugs as a source of money for drugs were mainly in males but females gained money mainly from the family or prostitution. Men showed higher rates of HCV infection than female.

Conclusion
there is a clear difference between men and women in many of the points covered in this study, which confirms that there must be different programs developed specifically for women and not as sometimes happens by the application of treatment programs addiction to men, which leads to the consequences of unsatisfactory For female patients as well as those involved in the treatment of addiction.
Unilateral versus bilateral Pedicle Screw Fixation associated with interbody fusion in degenerative Lumbar spine diseases
Authors: Emara E E A , Morad S H , Farghaly A R , Ahmed O E , Khalil M K 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Lumbar interbody fusion is a recognized surgical technique in treatment of degenerative lumbar instability. Interbody fusion supplemented with pedicle screw fixation has several advantages over posterolateral fusion and has been advocated to improve fusion rates and clinical outcomes. Interbody fusion places the bone graft in the loadbearing position of the anterior and middle spinal columns thereby enhancing the potential for fusion. In addition, the interbody space has more vascularity than the posterolateral space, also increasing the potential for a solid fusion mass to form.

Aim of the Work
to assess safety and efficacy of unilateral pedicle screw fixation associated with interbody fusion in Lumbar spine degenerative diseases and to evaluate and compare outcomes of unilateral versus bilateral pedicle screw fixation associated with interbody fusion in lumbar spine degenerative diseases, as regard the operation time, bleeding, postoperative stay, cost, and the clinical and biomechanical results.

Material & Methods
This observational prospective comparative study of the 2 groups who were operated either unilateral (Group A /25 patients) or bilateral (Group B/25 patients) pedicle screw fixation with interbody fusion was done. Patients were followed up for 1, 6, 12 months. This study occurred at Ain Shams University hospitals.

Results
No differences were observed between the two groups with respect to demographic data. The patients of the two groups had significant improvement in functional outcome compared to preoperatively, except in early postoperative VAS back and ODI in unilateral group which is better than bilateral group. However, no significant difference noticed in the further follow up. There was no significant difference comparing fusion rate, complication rate and duration of hospital stay between the two groups at postoperative follow-up. There was significantly less blood loss, shorter postoperative pain killer use and significantly shorter operation time in the unilateral PS fixation group as compared with the bilateral PS fixation group in our study.

Conclusion
Our study suggested TLIF with unilateral PS fixation was as safe and effective as that with bilateral PS fixation. Unilateral PS fixation may significantly reduce the intraoperative blood loss and shorten the operation time, somewhat improve the clinical outcome scores of ODI and VAS Back without significant difference comparing fusion rate, complication rate and duration of hospital stay between the two groups at postoperative follow-up. BPSF with TLIF likely causes more degeneration at the cranial adjacent segment compared with UPSF techniques. However, the long-term follow up is required to demonstrate the impact of these findings.
The Reliability and Validity of the Thoraco-Lumbar Injury Classification and Severity score
Authors: Sabry I H , Toubar A F , Ahmed O A , Alashwal M I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
The TLICS/TLISS is a recently introduced classification system for thoracolumbar spinal column injures designed to simplify injury classification and facilitate treatment decision making. Before being widely adopted, the reliability and validity of the TLICS/TLISS must be studied.

Aim of the Work
To determine the interrater and intrarater reliability and the validity of the TLICS score and its predecessor the TLISS scoring system in the clinical practice.

Patients and Methods
A total of 7 articles with 10 datasets were used to test the inter- and intrarater reliability and validity of the TLICS/TLISS score for thoracolumbar spine trauma. Included studies presented Thoracolumbar trauma cases’ details (including clinical data, plain radiographs, CT scans and MRI) to spine surgeons allowing them to score them using the TLICS/TLISS score in each of its components (neurologic status, PLC integrity and fracture morphology/mechanism), the final score and surgeons’ agreement with the scores treatment recommendations; as well as comparing the treatment recommendations (surgical vs non-surgical management) with the treatment the patients actually received. At a later time the surgeons were assigned the task with the cases reordered. The interrater reliability, as well as the intrarater reliability of the score for each component and sum, were evaluated by Cohen’s unweighted k-value and Spearman’s rank order correlation. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of the score (validity) were evaluated by the percent of correct treatment recommendations according to the sum of the TLICS/TLISS and the treatment actually received by the patients.

Results
Interrater reliability assessed by generalized kappa coefficients was 0.45 ±0.17 for injury morphology/mechanism, 0.91 ±0.03 for neurologic status, 0.42 ±0.13 for posterior ligamentous complex status, 0.36 ±0.14 for TLICS/TLISS total, and 0.59 ±0.10 for treatment recommendation. Respective results using the Spearman correlation were 0.52 ±0.18, 0.95 ±0.05, 0.57 ±0.13, 0.75 ±0.10, and 0.64 ±0.20. Intrarater kappa coefficients were 0.53 ±0.14 for injury morphology/mechanism, 0.89 ±0.07 for neurologic status, 0.53 ±0.15 for posterior ligamentous complex status, 0.46 ±0.16 for TLICS/TLISS total, and 0.61 ±0.02 for treatment recommendation. Respective results using the Spearman correlation were 0.63 ±0.08, 0.90 ±0.03, 0.64 ±0.10, 0.77 ±0.03, and 0.60 ±0.02. The percent of correct treatment recommendation by the score and the treatment actually received by the patients was 94.4% ±1.5, with sensitivity of 0.91 ±0.06, specificity of 0.94 ±0.01, PPV of 0.94 ±0.01, NPV of 0.93 ±0.02.

Conclusions
The TLICS/TLISS score has good reliability and validity and it compares favorably to other contemporary and old thoracolumbar fracture classification systems.
Predictive Accuracy of Three Dimensional Ultrasound Measurement of Fetal Adrenal Gland Volume in Preterm Labor Cases
Authors: Eltantawy W H A , Mohyieldin M M N , Mohammed A H 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Preterm birth is one of the major clinical problems in obstetrics and neonatology as it is associated with perinatal mortality, serious neonatal morbidity and in some cases childhood disability. It is reported that more than 80% of all neonatal mortality and morbidity is due to preterm birth.

Objective
In this study fetal adrenal gland volume and fetal zone measurement were used as a predictors for occurrence of labor in singleton pregnancies complicated by threatened preterm labor in comparison to cervical length and cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin.

Methodology
The study was carried out at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. The current study include 88 pregnant women who presented with symptoms or signs of threatened preterm labor (PTL). All women were subjected to full history taking, full general, abdominal, pelvic examination, in addition to ultrasound fetal biometry, measurement of cervical length, measurement of fetal fibronectin, fetal adrenal gland volume AGV and fetal zone acquisitions.

Results
Our results showed high statistically significant difference between the two groups of women regarding CL measurement, FZE and cAGV with P values &lt; 0.001 suggesting that ultrasound examination of fetal adrenal gland and assessment of FZE at time of evaluation for symptoms of PTL may be clinically beneficial in predicting the occurrence of labor in pregnant women at risk of preterm labor.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that in women presenting with threatened preterm labor, cAGV and FZE measured by 3-dimensional ultrasound seem to be significant predictors of delivery within 7 days, when compared to CL and cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin.