bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building and maintaining trust in clinical decision support: Recommendations from the Patient‐Centered CDS Learning Network
Authors: Richardson Joshua E. , Middleton Blackford , Platt Jodyn E. , Blumenfeld Barry H. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractKnowledge artifacts in digital repositories for clinical decision support (CDS) can promote the use of CDS in clinical practice. However, stakeholders will benefit from knowing which they can trust before adopting artifacts from knowledge repositories. We discuss our investigation into trust for knowledge artifacts and repositories by the Patient‐Centered CDS Learning Network's Trust Framework Working Group (TFWG). The TFWG identified 12 actors (eg, vendors, clinicians, and policy makers) within a CDS ecosystem who each may play a meaningful role in prioritizing, authoring, implementing, or evaluating CDS and developed 33 recommendations distributed across nine “trust attributes.” The trust attributes and recommendations represent a range of considerations such as the “Competency” of knowledge artifact engineers and the “Organizational Capacity” of institutions that develop and implement CDS. The TFWG findings highlight an initial effort to make trust explicit and embedded within CDS knowledge artifacts and repositories and thus more broadly accepted and used.
The sup‐norm vs. the norm of the coefficients: equivalence constants for homogeneous polynomials
Authors: Galicer Daniel , Mansilla Martín , Muro Santiago 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLet be the best constant that fulfills the following inequality: for every m‐homogeneous polynomial in n complex variables,
For every degree m, and a wide range of values of (including any r in the case , and any r and p for the 2‐homogeneous case), we give the correct asymptotic behavior of these constants as n (the number of variables) tends to infinity. Remarkably, in many cases, extremal polynomials for these inequalities are not (as traditionally expected) found using classical random unimodular polynomials, and special combinatorial configurations of monomials are needed. Namely, we show that Steiner polynomials (i.e., m‐homogeneous polynomials such that the multi‐indices corresponding to the nonzero coefficients form partial Steiner systems), do the work for certain range of values of . As a byproduct, we present some applications of these estimates to the interpolation of tensor products of Banach spaces, to the study of (mixed) unconditionality in spaces of polynomials and to the multivariable von Neumann's inequality.
Meteorological drought analysis using copula theory and drought indicators under climate change scenarios (RCP)
Authors: Mesbahzadeh Tayyebeh , Mirakbari Maryam , Mohseni Saravi Mohsen , Soleimani Sardoo Farshad , Miglietta Mario M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe study was carried out to assess meteorological drought on the basis of the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) evaluated in future climate scenarios. Yazd province, located in an arid region in the centre of Iran, was chosen for analysis. The study area has just one synoptic station with a long‐term record (56 years). The impact of climate change on future drought was examined by using the CanESM2 of the CMIP5 model under three scenarios, that is, representative concentration pathways RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Given that a drought is defined by several dependent variables, the evaluation of this phenomenon should be based on a multivariate analysis. For this purpose, two main characteristics of drought (severity and duration) were extracted by run theory in a past (1961–2016) and future (2017–2100) period based on the SPI and SPEI, and studied using copula theory. Three functions, that is, Frank, Gaussian and Gumbel copula, were selected to fit with drought severity and duration. The results of the bivariate analysis using copula showed that, according to both indicators, the study area will experience droughts with greater severity and duration in future as compared with the historical period, and the drought represented by the SPEI is more severe than that associated with the SPI. Also, drought simulated using the RCP8.5 scenario was more severe than when using the other two scenarios. Finally, droughts with a longer return period will become more frequent in future.
MiR‐338 regulates NFATc1 expression and inhibits the proliferation and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition of human non‐small‐cell lung cancer cells
Authors: He Wei , Lu Jibin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundIt is well known that nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) expression is closely associated with progression of many cancers. And we found that miR‐338 could directly target the NFATc1. However, the precise mechanisms of miR‐338 in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been well clarified. Our study aimed to explore the interaction between NFATc1 and miR‐338 in NSCLC.MethodsQuantitative RT‐PCR was utilized to determine the expressions of NFATc1 and miR‐338 in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. And the cell proliferation and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) were assessed to determine the functional roles of miR‐338 and NFATc1 in NSCLC cells. NFATc1 expression was detected using quantitative RT‐PCR and western blotting, respectively. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to validate NFATc1 as a target of miR‐338 in NSCLC cells.ResultsIn this study, our results showed that NFATc1 expression was significantly up‐regulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, and the miR‐338 level was dramatically down‐regulated. Moreover high NFATc1 expression was closely associated with low miR‐338 level in NSCLC tissues. Moreover introduction of miR‐338 significantly inhibited proliferation and EMT of NSCLC cells. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that the NFATc1 was a potential target gene of miR‐338. We demonstrated that miR‐338 could directly target NFATc1 by using luciferase reporter assay. Besides, knockdown of NFATc1 had the similar effects with miR‐338 overexpression on NSCLC cells. Up‐regulation of NFATc1 in NSCLC cells partially abolished the inhibitory effects of miR‐338 mimic.ConclusionsOverexpression of miR‐338 inhibited cell proliferation and EMT of NSCLC cells by directly down‐regulating NFATc1 expression.
Artificial neural network for Slice Encoding for Metal Artifact Correction (SEMAC) MRI
Authors: Seo Sunghun , Do Won‐Joon , Luu Huan Minh , Kim Ki Hwan , Choi Seung Hong , Park Sung‐Hong 
Published: December 2019

PurposeTo develop new artificial neural networks (ANNs) to accelerate slice encoding for metal artifact correction (SEMAC) MRI.MethodsEight titanium phantoms and 77 patients after brain tumor surgery involving metallic neuro‐plating instruments were scanned using SEMAC at a 3T Skyra scanner. For the phantoms, proton‐density, T1‐, and T2‐weighted images were acquired for developing both multilayer perceptron (MLP) and convolutional neural network (CNN). For the patients, T2‐weighted images were acquired for developing CNN. All networks were trained with the SEMAC factor 4 or 6 as input and the factor 12 as label, yielding an acceleration factor of 3 or 2. Performance of the CNN model was compared against parallel imaging and compressed sensing on the phantom datasets. Two extra T1‐weighted in vivo sets were acquired to investigate generalizability of the models to different contrasts.ResultsBoth multilayer perceptron and CNN provided artifact‐suppressed images better than the input images and comparable to the label images visually and quantitatively, a trend observable regardless of input SEMAC factor and image type (P < .01). CNN suppressed the artifacts better than multilayer perceptron, parallel imaging, and compressed sensing (P < .01). Tests on the patient datasets demonstrated clear metal artifact suppression visually and quantitatively (P < .01). Tests on T1 datasets also demonstrated clear visual metal artifact suppression.ConclusionOur study introduced a new effective way of artificial neural networks to accelerate SEMAC MRI while maintaining the comparable quality of metal artifact suppression. Application on the preliminary patient datasets proved the feasibility in clinical usage, which warrants further investigation.
Synthesis and Antitumor Evaluation of Novel Hybrids of Phenylsulfonylfuroxan and Estradiol Derivatives
Authors: Wan Qi , Deng Yan , Huang Yaoqing , Yu Zhihui , Wang Chunli , Wang Ke , Dong Jibin , Chen Ying 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFifteen novel furoxan‐based nitric oxide (NO) releasing hybrids of estradiol derivatives were synthesized and evaluated in vitro anti‐proliferative activity in MDA‐MB‐231, A2780, Hela and HUVEC cell lines. Most of them displayed potent anti‐proliferative effects. Among the compounds, 4‐bromo‐3‐((phenylsulfonyl)‐1,2,5‐oxadiazole 2‐oxide)‐oxy‐propoxy‐estradiol (11 b) exhibited the best activity with IC50 values of 3.58–0.0008 μM. Preliminary pharmacological studies showed that 11 b induced apoptosis and hardly affected the cell cycle of MDA‐MB‐231 cell line. NO‐releasing capacity and inhibition of ERK/MAPK pathway signaling might explain the potent antineoplastic activity of these compounds. The preliminary structure‐activity relationship (SAR) showed that steroidal scaffolds with a linker in 3‐position were favorable moieties to evidently increase the bioactivities of these hybrids. Overall, these results implied that 11 b merited to be further investigated as a promising anti‐cancer candidate.
Trial designs using real‐world data: The changing landscape of the regulatory approval process
Authors: Baumfeld Andre Elodie , Reynolds Robert , Caubel Patrick , Azoulay Laurent , Dreyer Nancy A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeThere is a need to develop hybrid trial methodology combining the best parts of traditional randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational study designs to produce real‐world evidence (RWE) that provides adequate scientific evidence for regulatory decision‐making.MethodsThis review explores how hybrid study designs that include features of RCTs and studies with real‐world data (RWD) can combine the advantages of both to generate RWE that is fit for regulatory purposes.ResultsSome hybrid designs include randomization and use pragmatic outcomes; other designs use single‐arm trial data supplemented with external comparators derived from RWD or leverage novel data collection approaches to capture long‐term outcomes in a real‐world setting. Some of these approaches have already been successfully used in regulatory decisions, raising the possibility that studies using RWD could increasingly be used to augment or replace traditional RCTs for the demonstration of drug effectiveness in certain contexts. These changes come against a background of long reliance on RCTs for regulatory decision‐making, which are labor‐intensive, costly, and produce data that can have limited applicability in real‐world clinical practice.ConclusionsWhile RWE from observational studies is well accepted for satisfying postapproval safety monitoring requirements, it has not commonly been used to demonstrate drug effectiveness for regulatory purposes. However, this position is changing as regulatory opinions, guidance frameworks, and RWD methodologies are evolving, with growing recognition of the value of using RWE that is acceptable for regulatory decision‐making.
Synthesis and properties of a novel bio‐based benzoxazine resin with excellent low‐temperature curing ability
Authors: Zhan Zuo‐min , Yan Hong‐qiang , Yin Ping , Cheng Jie , Fang Zheng‐ping 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA novel bio‐based benzoxazine resin (diphenolic acid/furfurylamine benzoxazine resin, PDPA‐F‐Boz) was prepared by using bio‐based diphenolic acid, furfurylamine and paraformaldehyde as raw materials. The structure of DPA‐F‐Boz monomer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR and 13C NMR, and then its curing reaction and the thermal stability of the cured PDPA‐F‐Boz were analyzed. Compared with the traditional fossil‐based benzoxazine (bisphenol A/aniline benzoxazine, BPA‐A‐Boz) and the bio‐based benzoxazine (diphenolic acid/aniline benzoxazine, DPA‐A‐Boz), DPA‐F‐Boz monomer showed the lowest curing temperature, and PDPA‐F‐Boz had the highest residual char ratio at 800 °C and the lowest degradation rate at the peak temperature. Meanwhile, the total heat release, peak heat release rate and heat release capacity of PDPA‐F‐Boz were much lower than those of PBPA‐A‐Boz and PDPA‐A‐Boz. Thus, PDPA‐F‐Boz showed excellent low‐temperature curing ability and thermal stability. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Peace of mind among adolescents and young adults with cancer
Authors: Gittzus Jordan A. , Fasciano Karen M. , Block Susan D. , Mack Jennifer W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveAdolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer have high rates of psychological distress and unmet support needs. Peace of mind is an important construct among older cancer patients and parents of children with cancer but has not been explored in AYAs. We sought to evaluate the extent to which AYAs with cancer experience peace of mind and to identify factors associated with greater peace of mind.MethodsWe surveyed 193 AYAs with cancer aged 15 to 29 years within 12 weeks of diagnosis; 137 patients completed the same measures again 4 and 12 months after diagnosis. Patients were asked to report peace of mind, measured using items from the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness, Spiritual Well‐being scale (FACIT‐Sp); anxiety and depression, using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); and experiences surrounding medical communication and decision making.ResultsMean scores for peace of mind were 3.59 at diagnosis (range 1‐5, standard deviation 0.84), with similar scores at 4 (3.53, P = .34) and 12 (3.59, P = .94) months. In a multivariable model adjusted for age and gender, patients who reported receiving high‐quality information about their cancer had greater peace of mind at diagnosis (β = .25, P = .03), whereas those who reported holding a passive role in treatment decision making (β = −.47, P < .0001) or who had anxiety (β = −.64, P = .0003) or depression (β = −.51, P = .04) had lower peace of mind.ConclusionPeace of mind did not improve significantly over time for AYAs with cancer. While high‐quality communication may be associated with heightened peace of mind, further study is needed to clarify relationships between peace of mind and other psychological variables.
Prostate cancer research: The next generation; report from the 2019 Coffey‐Holden Prostate Cancer Academy Meeting
Authors: Miyahira Andrea K. , Sharp Adam , Ellis Leigh , Jones Jennifer , Kaochar Salma , Larman H. Benjamin , Quigley David A. , Ye Huihui , Simons Jonathan W. , Pienta Kenneth J. , Soule Howard R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe 2019 Coffey‐Holden Prostate Cancer Academy (CHPCA) Meeting, “Prostate Cancer Research: The Next Generation,” was held 20 to 23 June, 2019, in Los Angeles, California.MethodsThe CHPCA Meeting is an annual conference held by the Prostate Cancer Foundation, that is uniquely structured to stimulate intense discussion surrounding topics most critical to accelerating prostate cancer research and the discovery of new life‐extending treatments for patients. The 7th Annual CHPCA Meeting was attended by 86 investigators and concentrated on many of the most promising new treatment opportunities and next‐generation research technologies.ResultsThe topics of focus at the meeting included: new treatment strategies and novel agents for targeted therapies and precision medicine, new treatment strategies that may synergize with checkpoint immunotherapy, next‐generation technologies that visualize tumor microenvironment (TME) and molecular pathology in situ, multi‐omics and tumor heterogeneity using single cells, 3D and TME models, and the role of extracellular vesicles in cancer and their potential as biomarkers.DiscussionThis meeting report provides a comprehensive summary of the talks and discussions held at the 2019 CHPCA Meeting, for the purpose of globally disseminating this knowledge and ultimately accelerating new treatments and diagnostics for patients with prostate cancer.
Is it worthwhile to go beyond the local‐density approximation in subsystem density functional theory?
Authors: Grimmel Stephanie A. , Teodoro Tiago Q. , Visscher Lucas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFrozen density embedding (FDE) theory is one of the major techniques aiming to bring modeling of extended chemical systems into the realm of high accuracy calculations. To improve its accuracy it is of interest to develop kinetic energy density functional approximations specifically for FDE applications. In the study reported here we focused on optimizing parameters of a generalized gradient approximation‐like kinetic energy functional with the purpose of better describing electron excitation energies. We found that our optimized parametrizations, named excPBE and excPBE‐3 (as these are derived from a Perdew‐Burke‐Ernzerhof‐like parametrization), could not yield improvements over available functionals when applied on a test set of systems designed to probe solvatochromic shifts. Moreover, as several different functionals yielded very similar errors to the simple local‐density approximation (LDA), it is questionable whether it is worthwhile to go beyond the LDA in this context.
The influence of high pressure on the structural stability, Vickers hardness and mechanical properties of Re and Ru dodecaborides
Authors: Pan Yong , Jia Yanlin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe apply the first‐principles approach to study the structural stability, Vickers hardness, and elastic modulus of ReB12and RuB12. In particular, we further investigate the influence of high pressure on the structural stability and mechanical properties of ReB12and RuB12. The calculated results show that ReB12and RuB12are thermodynamic stability under high pressure. Here, ReB12is more thermodynamic stability than that of the RuB12. The calculated Vickers hardness of ReB12and RuB12is 16.25 and 16.55 GPa, respectively. It is found that the calculated elastic constants and elastic modulus of ReB12and RuB12increase with increasing pressure. In particular, the calculated elastic constants and elastic modulus of ReB12are larger than that of the RuB12. The calculated electronic structure shows that the high hardness and elastic modulus of ReB12and RuB12are attributed to the 3D network B‐B covalent bonds.
Chemical characterization of small‐molecule inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B synthesized from the Acanthopanax senticosus root with affinity ultrafiltration mass spectrometry
Authors: He Yang , Wang Yimin , Zhang Xin , Zheng Zhong , Liu Shu , Xing Junpeng , Liu Zhiqiang , Zhou Hui 
Published: December 2019

RationaleDiscovering and identifying new small‐molecule inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B (MAO‐B) could provide the potential to treat many neurodegenerative diseases.MethodsWe employed affinity ultrafiltration liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (AUF‐LC/MSn) to identify and characterize small‐molecule inhibitors of MAO‐B from a 30% ethanolic extract of Acanthopanax senticosus root (ASR). In vitro tests were performed in stimulated BV2 microglia to evaluate the anti‐inflammatory effects of the ASR preparation. An in vitro enzyme activity assay, measuring half‐maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) against MAO‐B, determined the inhibitory activity of the potential MAO‐B ligands.ResultsASR treatment significantly inhibited NO release (p <0.01) and attenuated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α expression in stimulated BV2 microglia. Nine compounds were isolated from the ASR preparation as potential MAO‐B inhibitors, identified as quinic acid, chlorogenic acid, isofraxidin, dicaffeoylquinic acid, pinoresinol diglucoside, medioresinol 4’‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, eletutheroside E, syringaresinol O‐β‐D‐glucoside, and trihydroxyoctadecenoic acid, based on their tandem mass spectra.ConclusionsOur study provides critical data on compounds from ASR extracts which are suitable for the development of new MAO‐B inhibitors as potential therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.
Design of model predictive control for constrained Markov jump linear systems with multiplicative noises and online portfolio selection
Authors: Dombrovskii Vladimir , Pashinskaya Tatiana 
Published: December 2019

SummaryIn this paper, we consider model predictive control for a class of constrained discrete‐time Markov jump linear systems with multiplicative noises. A generalized performance criterion is composed of a weighted sum of a linear combination of the (a) expected value of quadratic forms of state and control vectors, (b) quadratic forms of the expected value of the state vector, and (c) the linear component of the expected value of the state vector. The goal of the present paper is to design optimal control strategies subject to hard constraints on the input manipulated variables and to provide a numerically tractable algorithm for practical applications. The results are applied to a problem of online investment portfolio selection. Our approach is tested on a set of a real data from the New York Stock Exchange.
Adaptive estimation of component faults and actuator faults for nonlinear one‐sided Lipschitz systems
Authors: Jmal Assaad , Naifar O. , Ben Makhlouf A. , Derbel N. , Hammami M. A. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryFault estimation for classical nonlinear Lipschitz systems has been subject to several research works. So far, much less interest has been given to the more generalized class of systems, namely, one‐sided Lipchitz systems. Dealing with component faults and actuator faults, only very few works have been done to reconstruct these types of faults for this new class of systems. A major limitation of the previous works is that the fault vector to be estimated there does not give any information about the actual faulty physical parameters of the system, so component faults and actuator faults are not distinguishable. In this paper, a set of possible faulty parameters in the system is estimated. Component faults and actuator faults are separated and distinguished. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown through simulations for a numerical example.
Recent developments in the use of organic–inorganic nanohybrids for drug delivery
Authors: Manatunga Danushika C. , Godakanda V. Umayangana , de Silva Rohini M. , de Silva K. M. Nalin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOrganic–inorganic nanohybrid (OINH) structures providing a versatile platform for drug delivery with improved characteristics are an area which has gained recent attention. Much effort has been taken to develop these structures to provide a viable treatment options for much alarming diseases such as cancer, bone destruction, neurological disorders, and so on. This review focuses on current work carried out in producing different types of hybrid drug carriers identifying their properties, fabrication techniques, and areas where they have been applied. A brief introduction on understating the requirement for blending organic–inorganic components into a nanohybrid drug carrier is followed with an elaboration given about the different types of OINHs developed currently highlighting their properties and applications. Then, different fabrication techniques are discussed given attention to surface functionalization, one‐pot synthesis, wrapping, and electrospinning methods. Finally, it is concluded by briefing the challenges that are remaining to be addressed to obtain multipurpose nanohybrid drug carriers with wider applicability.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies