bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dependence Modelling in Insurance via Copulas with Skewed Generalised Hyperbolic Marginals
Authors: Alexeev Vitali , Ignatieva Katja , Liyanage Thusitha 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates dependence among insurance claims arising from different lines of business (LoBs). Using bivariate and multivariate portfolios of losses from different LoBs, we analyse the ability of various copulas in conjunction with skewed generalised hyperbolic (GH) marginals to capture the dependence structure between individual insurance risks forming an aggregate risk of the loss portfolio. The general form skewed GH distribution is shown to provide the best fit to univariate loss data. When modelling dependency between LoBs using one-parameter and mixture copula models, we favour models that are capable of generating upper tail dependence, that is, when several LoBs have a strong tendency to exhibit extreme losses simultaneously. We compare the selected models in their ability to quantify risks of multivariate portfolios. By performing an extensive investigation of the in- and out-of-sample Value-at-Risk (VaR) forecasts by analysing VaR exceptions (i.e. observations of realised portfolio value that are greater than the estimated VaR), we demonstrate that the selected models allow to reliably quantify portfolio risk. Our results provide valuable insights with regards to the nature of dependence and fulfils one of the primary objectives of the general insurance providers aiming at assessing total risk of an aggregate portfolio of losses when LoBs are correlated.
Mechanical Interlock Made by Electromagnetic Crimping for Axial Load Resistance Using Aluminum Tube and Steel Rod
Authors: Areda Getu Tilahun , Kore Sachin D. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Joining an aluminum tube with a steel rod using thermal-based welding processes like arc welding is challenging because of oxide formation, which requires a higher melting temperature than the parent metal. In this article, the electromagnetic crimping process is used to join the aluminum tube and a steel profiled rod mechanically. The circumferential double grooves, which have a rectangular shape, were machined on the steel rod with different geometrical parameters. Discharge energy of 4.7 kJ and a groove edge angle of 0.5 mm were kept constant. Therefore, the primary goal of this study is to investigate the effect of geometrical parameters on joint strength using a double rectangular groove. The result of the pullout test revealed that the joint strength of most crimped samples was found in the range of the strength of the aluminum tube. Based on the results obtained, a design guideline that describes the effects of the width-to-depth ratio on joint strength is proposed. Further, the effect of groove depth on the percentage of gap filling, wrinkling, and tube thickness reduction was studied in detail. Moreover, microhardness at the joint interface was also investigated.
De Novo Assembly of a High-Quality Reference Genome for the Horned Lark (Eremophila alpestris)
Authors: Mason Nicholas A , Pulgarin Paulo , Cadena Carlos Daniel , Lovette Irby J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The Horned Lark (Eremophila alpestris) is a small songbird that exhibits remarkable geographic variation in appearance and habitat across an expansive distribution. While E. alpestris has been the focus of many ecological and evolutionary studies, we still lack a highly contiguous genome assembly for the Horned Lark and related taxa (Alaudidae). Here, we present CLO_EAlp_1.0, a highly contiguous assembly for E. alpestris generated from a blood sample of a wild, male bird captured in the Altiplano Cundiboyacense of Colombia. By combining short-insert and mate-pair libraries with the ALLPATHS-LG genome assembly pipeline, we generated a 1.04 Gb assembly comprised of 2713 scaffolds, with a largest scaffold size of 31.81 Mb, a scaffold N50 of 9.42 Mb, and a scaffold L50 of 30. These scaffolds were assembled from 23685 contigs, with a largest contig size of 1.69 Mb, a contig N50 of 193.81 kb, and a contig L50 of 1429. Our assembly pipeline also produced a single mitochondrial DNA contig of 14.00 kb. After polishing the genome, we identified 94.5% of single-copy gene orthologs from an Aves data set and 97.7% of single-copy gene orthologs from a vertebrata data set, which further demonstrates the high quality of our assembly. We anticipate that this genomic resource will be useful to the broader ornithological community and those interested in studying the evolutionary history and ecological interactions of larks, which comprise a widespread, yet understudied lineage of songbirds.
PRINCIPAL AGENT DALAM INDUSTRI PERIKANAN TANGKAP; KONTRAK YANG MENGUATKAN ATAU MELEMAHKAN? (STUDI KASUS PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI PESISIR MALANG SELATAN)
Authors: Kornitasari Yenny , Manzilati Asfi , Efani Anthon 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi secara detail bagaimana hubungan kerja/ industrial (principal-agent) dalam menjaga keberlanjutan suatu usaha di sektor perikanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk melihat realitas yang tidak hanya dilihat sebagai sebuah hasil, tetapi juga proses yang berlangsung. Proses observasi dan intreprestasi menggunakan metode blumer. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sumber modal sebagai pembiayaan dalam operasional sektor perikanan di pesisir Malang Selatan secara umum berasal dari tiga sumber yaitu bank, aset pribadi dan pengambek. Modal yang berasal dari bank hanya bisa diakses oleh nasabah yang memiliki agunan seperti sertifikat rumah/tanah dan kendaraan bermotor. Pedagang kecil yang tidak memiliki asset untuk dijadikan agunan lebih memilih permodalan yang berasal dari koperasi, bank thitil dan pengambek. Sumber pemodalan yang berasal dari bank, koperasi maupun bank thitil sudah jelas kontrak yang terbangun. Yang unik pada kasus ini adalah sistem permodalan yang dilakukan antara nelayan dengan pengambek. Dalam hal ini, kontrak yang terbentuk antara principal dan agent disini seperti menguntungkan kedua belah pihak, akan tetapi dalam kenyataannya nelayan tidak punya kekuatan dan pilihan lain dalam mengembangkan usaha karena terikat dengan kontrak pemodalan dan juga utang yang tidak boleh dilunasi.Title: principal – agent; kontrak bisnis; masyarakat pesisir The study aims to identify in detail how work / industrial relationship (principal-agent) in maintaining the sustainability of fisheries business. This study used a qualitative approach to perceive reality as a result as well as an ongoing process. The Blumer method was used for the observation and interpretation of the data. As financial support of fisheries sector in the coast of South Malang, capital generally comes from three sources: banks, personal assets and scavengers. Bank capital can only be accessed by customers having collateral asset such as house, land, or vehicles certificates. While cooperative, thitil bank and pengambek were the capital sources for the small traders who do not have collateral assets. It is clear that there is a contract system for acquiring bank and cooperative capital. The unique case appears from capital system between fishers and “pengambek”. The system seemed to have a mutual advantageous for both party, however, fishers have less power and choice to get alternative source of capital in developing their business due to the restriction of their contract and they are not allowed to settle their debt.
Deletion in the Cobalamin Synthetase W Domain–Containing Protein 1 Gene Is associated with Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract
Authors: Kanda Shoichiro , Ohmuraya Masaki , Akagawa Hiroyuki , Horita Shigeru , Yoshida Yasuhiro , Kaneko Naoto , Sugawara Noriko , Ishizuka Kiyonobu , Miura Kenichiro , Harita Yutaka , Yamamoto Toshiyuki , Oka Akira , Araki Kimi , Furukawa Toru , Hattori Motoshi 
Published: December 2019

Significance StatementMost patients with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), the leading cause of pediatric ESKD, do not have mutations in any of the approximately 40 CAKUT-causing genes that have been identified to date. The authors studied a family with two siblings with CAKUT that appeared to be caused by an autosomal recessive mutation in an as-yet unidentified gene. Using whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing, they found that the affected children but not healthy family members had a homozygous deletion in theCobalamin Synthetase W Domain–Containing Protein 1 (CBWD1)gene. They also demonstrated in mice that Cbwd1 protein was expressed in the ureteric bud cells, and thatCbwd1-deficient mice showed CAKUT. These findings suggest a role for CBWD1 in CAKUT etiology.BackgroundResearchers have identified about 40 genes with mutations that result in the most common cause of CKD in children, congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), but approximately 85% of patients with CAKUT lack mutations in these genes. The anomalies that comprise CAKUT are clinically heterogenous, and thought to be caused by disturbances at different points in kidney development. However, identification of novel CAKUT-causing genes remains difficult because of their variable expressivity, incomplete penetrance, and heterogeneity.MethodsWe investigated two generations of a family that included two siblings with CAKUT. Although the parents and another child were healthy, the two affected siblings presented the same manifestations, unilateral renal agenesis and contralateral renal hypoplasia. To search for a novel causative gene of CAKUT, we performed whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing of DNA from the family members. We also generated two lines of genetically modified mice with a gene deletion present only in the affected siblings, and performed immunohistochemical and phenotypic analyses of these mice.ResultsWe found that the affected siblings, but not healthy family members, had a homozygous deletion in theCobalamin Synthetase W Domain–Containing Protein 1 (CBWD1)gene. Whole-genome sequencing uncovered genomic breakpoints, which involved exon 1 ofCBWD1, harboring the initiating codon. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed high expression of Cbwd1 in the nuclei of the ureteric bud cells in the developing kidneys.Cbwd1-deficient mice showed CAKUT phenotypes, including hydronephrosis, hydroureters, and duplicated ureters.ConclusionsThe identification of a deletion inCBWD1gene in two siblings with CAKUT implies a role for CBWD1 in the etiology of some cases of CAKUT.
Хроматографический метод определения хлорорганических соединений в нефти
Authors: Podlesnova Ekaterina V. , Botin Andrei A. , Dmitrieva Anna A. , Vartapetyan Alexander R. , Leonteva Svetlana A. 
Published: December 2019

На основании испытаний модельных и реальных образцов нефтей, содержащих ХОС в различных концентрациях, были определены показатели прецизионности разработанного метода. Также было проведено сравнение показателей точности разработанного метода с существующими стандартными методами определения ХОС. Как видно из полученных данных, разработанный метод имеет более низкий предел обнаружения и лучшие показатели прецизионности, чем существующие методы, что дает возможность определения более низких концентраций с высокой точностью.
Сорбция тяжелых металлов на клиноптилолит, модифицированном полиэтиленимином, из слабокислых сред
Authors: Kats Esfir M. , Kuzmina Tatjana G. , Gromjak Irina N. 
Published: December 2019

Методом динамических выходных кривых изучена кинетика сорбции тяжелых металлов(ТМ): Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Cd, Pb, а также макрокомпонентов H+, К+, Ca2+ из поверхностной воды с рН3.7 на модифицированном ПЭИ–КЛТ при совместном присутствии компонентов и низких концентрациях ТМ в исследуемом растворе (0.3-1.5 мг/дм3). Рассчитаны значения сорбционных характеристик(коэффициенты распределения и кинетические характеристики). На примере Н+, Cu, Cr показана возможность расчета динамики сорбции на ПЭИ–КЛТ из поверхностной воды с рН 3.7.
Рентгенофазовое исследование изменения структуры природного цеолита в результате сорбции тяжелых металлов
Authors: Belova Tatyana P. , Ershova Lyudmila S. , Ratchina Tatyana I. 
Published: December 2019

На основании исследований с использованием рентгеновской порошковой дифракции с применением расчета по методу Ритвельда установлено, что цеолитовый туф Ягоднинского месторождения состоит из клиноптилолита-Na (23.0 %), клиноптилолита-Са (52.1%) и морденита (12.9%). В результате сорбции тяжелых металлов происходит изменение параметров кристаллической решетки морденита, прослеживается уменьшение размеров в направлении осей a и b и уменьшение объема элементарной ячейки обработанного цеолита по сравнению с исходным в ряду: Cu→Ni→Co→Fe. Рассчитана величина обменной емкости по никелю, кобальту, меди и железу при обработке цеолитов индивидуальными растворами, а также их смесью, ее значение изменяется от 9 до 18 мг-экв/кг в зависимости от состава раствора. Во всех случаях наблюдается превышение количества вещества вытеcненных катионов над количеством вещества поглощенных катионов, так при насыщении цеолита кобальтом вытесняется на 5.5%. больше обменных катионов; при насыщении медью или железом – на 11.9-12.0%, соответственно. Максимальное превышение количества вещества вытесненных катионов над количеством вещества поглощенных катионов наблюдается при насыщении цеолита ионами никеля – до 25%. Отмечается, что наряду тяжелыми металлами в обменной реакции участвует растворитель – вода, что подтверждается изменением рН элюата на 1-2 единицы в щелочную область. На основе сопоставления количества вещества поглощенных катионов с количеством вещества вытесненных катионов, установлено, что преобладающим является механизм ионного обмена
Динамика показателей поглотительной способности почв после пирогенного воздействия
Authors: Gorbunova Yuliya S. , Devyatova Tatyana A. 
Published: December 2019

Статья посвящена мониторингу показателей почвенного поглотительного комплекса (ППК)дерново-лесной глеево-элювиальной почвы подвергшейся пожару в 2010 году. В 0-10 см слое произошло уменьшение в содержании илистой фракции на 3.25%, уменьшилось содержание средней пыли на 0.07% и мелкой пыли – на 0.48%.Установлено, что в первый год, после лесного пожара, повысилось значение pHH2O почвенного раствора с 5.21 до 5.93. В 2018 году реакция среды возвращается к исходному значению и составляет 5.34. Гидролитическая кислотность снизилась с 5.08 до 3.14 [ммоль (экв.)/100 г почвы]. Произошло снижение в ППК содержания суммы обменных оснований с 8.99 до 7.90 [ммоль (экв)/100 г почвы]. С 2011 по 2018 год произошло их увеличение с 7.90 до 8.27
Исследование влияния фитогормона кинетина на состав свободных жирных кислот растений кукурузы в условиях гипоксического стресса методом газожидкостной хроматографии
Authors: Ershova Antonina N. , Sterligova Irina A. 
Published: December 2019

Свободные жирные кислоты растений кукурузы метилировали диазометаном. Газохроматографический анализ метиловых эфиров жирных кислот показал, что доминирующими были миристиновая (С14:0), пальмитиновая (С16:0), пальмитолеиновая (C16:1) и линолевая кислоты (С18:2). При гипоксии в клетках отмечалось накопление C16:1 и С18:2, что увеличивало уровень ненасыщенности (u/s). Подобное действие оказывала и СО2-среда. Предобработка проростков кинетином предотвращала накопление ненасыщенных жирных кислот, нормализуя уровень их ненасыщенности. Предполагается, что кинетин способен тормозить распад фосфолипидов и их перекисное окисление, что повышает устойчивость к действию гипоксии и СО2-среды
Inocybe mytiliodora: A New Record for Turkey
Authors: ALTUNTAŞ Deniz , SESLİ Ertuğrul , BÜYÜK İlker , AKATA İlgaz 
Published: December 2019

Aim of the study: The aim of the present study is to identify, characterize and record a new agaric for the first time from Turkey.
Study area: It covers a total area of approximately 20 ha and is located in Ankara within the boundaries of Çankaya district.
Material and method: Basidiomata were collected from Ankara University Tandoğan Campus on September 1, 2018. Macro- and micromorphological properties of basidiomata and nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU) sequences were used for identification. The voucher specimens were kept at Ankara University Herbarium (ANK).
Main results: Based on the high sequence similarity between the new record (hereafter referred to as ‘Ank Akata & Altuntaş 167’) and Inocybe mytiliodora, the specimen was identified as I. mytiliodora. This result is also supported by the morphological data derived from the evaluation of macroscopic and ecological features of the fruiting bodies between ‘Ank Akata & Altuntaş 167' and closely related fungi.
Research highlights: As a result, the basidiomata collected from Ankara University Tandoğan Campus represent ‘Inocybe mytiliodora’ and this is the first known record for Turkey.
Identification and Characterization of LEA Genes in Ash Tree (Fraxinus excelsior) Genome
Authors: UĞURLU BAYARSLAN Aslı 
Published: December 2019

Aim of study: LEA proteins have a critical role in the abiotic stress response of plants. Ash belongs to the olive family and its genome sequence is complete. The LEA genes has not been extensively analyzed, although there are annotations in the ash genome. Therefore, it was aimed to perform genome-wide analysis of LEA genes in ash genome using bioinformatic tools in this study.
Materials and methods: Ash and LEA protein sequences were obtained from the Ash Tree Genome and LEAP database respectively. Homologous LEA peptides in ash were found using CLC Genomic Workbench 11. Properties of ash LEA proteins were determined with Expasy PROTPARAM. MEGA7 was used to construct the phylogenetic tree. Functional analysis of ash LEA proteins was carried out via Blast2GO. miRNAs targeting transcripts of ash LEA proteins were detected with psRNATarget. The three-dimensional structures of ash LEA proteins were predicted using PHYRE2.
Main result: 118 LEA genes (FexLEA) were identified in ash genome. FexLEA were divided into 5 distinct clusters according to phylogenetic analysis. The major molecular function of FexLEA was found as the binding activity. miR838 was the most common miRNA targeting FexLEA transcripts.
Highlights: This study will provide the basis for further functional analysis of LEA proteins in ash.
CATEGORY OF MODALITY IN ENGLISH AND TATAR PROVERBS: COMPARATIVE ASPECT
Authors: I. Khripkova Diana , A. Karimova Anna , V.  Khasanova Oksana , V. Valeeva Elena 
Published: December 2019

Purposes: The article discusses one of the most significant and contradictory categories in linguistics, the category of modality, using the proverbs of two different structural languages like English and Tatar.
Methodology: The basic methods of scientific research are the statistics method, method of comparative and quantities analyses of the data, method of description.
Implications/Applications A systematic study of the complex of multilevel means of expressing the category of modality will help to study the mechanism of action of this category as a functional-semantic subsystem of the language, to determine its essence, volume and boundaries in such different structural languages as English and Tatar.
Results: The results of the study allow us to conclude that the representation of the category of modality is similar in languages ​​of different structures, which may become the basis for assuming the similarity of semantic processes in both languages.
Novelty: The problem of determining modality is still debatable, and research on how to express it in different languages is relevant. The authors give a classification of the selected proverbs; determine the criteria for comparison, on the basis of which determine the general and various ways of expressing modality in folklore texts.
Perspectivas institucionales y prácticas de las cooperativas en Cuba
Authors: Hernández Aguilar Orisel 
Published: December 2019

El presente trabajo se propone analizar algunas de las perspectivas institucionales y prácticas que se abren para las cooperativas en Cuba en el actual escenario constitucional y legal. A tal fin se toman como referencia los más recientes documentos jurídicos y políticos que se han promulgado en el país. Las ideas que se enuncian tienen su base en políticas que están directa o indirectamente enfocadas al sector en cuestión. Ellas son el punto de partida, dado que indican los derroteros a seguir para su continuidad a futuro dentro de los marcos de la dinámica de desarrollo que se proyecta en el país. Así pues, se valora el impacto que estas transformaciones puedan suscitar en un corto plazo para el cooperativismo cubano.Recibido: 08 noviembre 2019Aceptado: 22 noviembre 2019Publicación en línea: 20 diciembre 2019
Le croisement entre races bovines laitières : intérêts et limites pour des ateliers en race pure Prim’Holstein ?
Authors: DEZETTER Charlotte , BOICHARD Didier , BAREILLE Nathalie , GRIMARD Bénédicte , LE MEZEC Pascale , DUCROCQ Vincent 
Published: December 2019

Dans certains ateliers, la robustesse des vaches de race pure Prim’Holstein, se traduisant par leur capacité à maintenir à la fois de bonnes performances de reproduction, de santé et de production, se trouve dégradée. Ceci peut se traduire par des répercussions avoir des répercussions techniques et économiques négatives importantes. Le croisement entre races laitières pourrait être une voie d’amélioration. Or, à l’exception notable de la Nouvelle Zélande, le croisement laitier reste très marginal dans les pays développés. Ce constat pourrait s’expliquer en partie par un manque de connaissances sur les avantages et inconvénients du croisement. L’objectif de cette synthèse est de faire le point sur les connaissances actuelles autour du croisement laitier. Le croisement permet de bénéficier des effets génétiques additifs de la sélection intra-race mais également des effets génétiques non-additifs. Ces effets sont généralement favorables et augmentent le potentiel génétique des individus issus de croisement. Ainsi les vaches issues de croisement de première génération entre Prim’Holstein et Montbéliarde ont un niveau génétique quasiment équivalent à la Prim’Holstein pour la quantité de lait et à la Montbéliarde pour le taux de conception. L’intérêt technico-économique d’introduire du croisement laitier dans un atelier initialement en race Prim’Holstein dépend de la situation initiale de cet atelier. Lorsque la productivité des vaches Prim’Holstein est élevée et que les performances de reproduction et de santé sont correctes, l’intérêt du croisement semble nul. En revanche dans des ateliers à productivité élevée mais faisant face à des situations de reproduction et de santé dégradées, le croisement permet d’augmenter de 5 % la marge brute de l’atelier. Pour des niveaux de productivité plus modérés, l’intérêt économique est moindre (+ 3 à 4 % de marge brute), mais la robustesse des vaches apparait améliorée.