bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The surrounding environment monitoring in the Soviet Union: a review of establishing new “ecological” science
Authors: Sobisevich A V , Snytko V A , Postnikov A V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The programs of surrounding environment monitoring were presented in 1972 at UN Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm. When the Soviet Union had adopted a resolution of the conference, it became obligatory to establish biosphere reserves and provide environmental monitoring. The ideas of such monitoring in the Soviet Union were promoted by two scientists - Innokentiy Gerasimov and Yuri Israel.
The Information System “History of Geology and Mining” as a scientific tool for historians of Earth sciences
Authors: Vtorov I P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Information System “History of Geology and Mining” is described in this paper. It briefly presents the theory of scientific information in modern IT and the study of history of geology in Russia. The collected scientific information about geoscientists are developed and published at first in online history of the Science information system. The Internet system is the most convenient and useful way to use and develop scientific biographies, bibliographies, photos and other information for research, education and international cooperation in history of sciences.
The Central Asian orography studies by G.E. Grumm-Grzhimailo’s expedition, 1889–1890
Authors: Yusupova T I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper deals with the history of the Grigorii Grumm-Grzhimailo’s Central Asian expedition, 1889–1890, and its main results in orography. The tasks of the expedition included an exploration of West and Central part of Inner (Central) Asia and the gathering of the naturalistic collections. The expedition was organized by the Russian Geographical Society. Grigorii Grumm-Grzhimailo used Przhevalskii’s reconnaissance methods to explore the uncharted lands. At the same time, he conducted geographical investigations, including orographic ones. This expedition covered a vast territory and made two major geographical discoveries of the Turfan depression and the Beyshan Mountains, the latter providing an orographic link between the Eastern Tian Shan and the middle Kuen Lun.
Electrochemical treatment of waste water from nickel in galvanic production
Authors: Bykovsky N A , Kantor E A , Rahman P A , Puchkova L N , Fanakova N N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the production of metal coating by electroplating, wastewater containing the metal ions is used. The paper presents the study results of cleaning waste water of nickel after electroplating. Wastewater treatment was implemented in an electrodialysis plant. The initial wastewater contained from 20 to 80 mg/l of nickel II. Experimental results obtained by studying the electrodialysis extraction of nickel from wastewater of electroplating plants, indicate that the cleaning process is influenced by such factors as the effluent treatment time, the current load on the electrodialyzer, the initial metal concentration in the effluent. The increase in voltage in the electrodialysis plant leads to an increase in the treatment efficiency. So after six hours of processing, the processing rate during nickel extraction increases from 39 to 66.5% with an increase in voltage from 40 to 100V. Along with cleaning wastewater of nickel electrolyte, the electrodialysis method allows obtaining concentrates of this electrolyte containing from 260 to 1230 mg/dm3 of nickel and suitable for use in the electroplating process.
Efficiency of field-protective forest plantations in the first agro-climatic zone of the Stavropol territory of the Russian Federation
Authors: Klyushin P V , Khlystun V N , Loshakov A V , Savinova S V , Ivanova T A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents studies on the state of agricultural land in the first agro-climatic Stavropol territory, and on the basis of this forest reclamation measures for effective and rational use have been developed. The specialization of agriculture is sheep breeding and cultivation of winter wheat and winter and spring barley. For this agro-climatic zone, only one type of crop rotation is suitable – grain-steam. In the structure of acreage, pure steam reaches 40%, which has a very negative impact on the quality of arable land. Protective forest stands play an important role in protecting agricultural land from the negative effects of water and wind erosion. At present, the total area of protective plantations on the lands of the I agro-climatic zone is 22730 hectares or 1.81% of the area of agricultural land, at least 2.5% is necessary.
Conservation agriculture: new crop production technologies
Authors: Larina G E , Seraya L G , Ivanova I O , Kalembet I N , Poddymkina L M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Among the arguments in favor of new crop production technologies are the need for improvement of regional ecology and biodiversity, and high-quality biological products. Methods for reducing crop losses caused by air and soil droughts in the central and southern regions of Russia were analyzed. Field observations (2010-2016) were carried out using a crop rotation scheme of experimental fields with a wide range of crop varieties: wheat, barley, corn, sunflower, peas, chickpeas, alfalfa, and flax. The purpose of the article is to assess regional characteristics of effective soil fertility using different resource-saving technologies. Biological productivity (regional, local) was used as an integral indicator of effectiveness of agricultural technologies and crop yields. High effective fertility was observed when using a zero agrotechnology in Volgograd region and minimum tillage method in Stavropol region. The need for the control of soil fungistasis as a basis of biological activity of the soil and long-term improvement of effective fertility of the arable land was emphasized.
Ecological organization of the territory
Authors: Novikov D V , Novikov A V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article describes the reasons for deterioration of agricultural lands which affects the environmental management system violating the landscape and biosphere compatibility. It is necessary to implement the ecological-landscape organization of the territory at various levels of development. The nature of the ecological landscape organization of the territory was described. Sustainable agro-landscape systems should be formed while designing land categories. Territories of the agricultural land should be formed taking into account zonal features of landscapes. The article provides land management recommendations on the ecological-landscape basis. Its advantages in comparison with traditional methods were revealed.
Dependence of health conditions of population on the level of environment pollution
Authors: Stepanova L P , Pisareva A V , Nechushkin Yu V , Myshkin A I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive assessment of the ecological condition of landscapes of the Orel region. Factors affecting the state of contaminated territories, in turn, affect human health. The effect of industrial waste and motor vehicle emissions on the geochemical features and environmental sustainability of soil, plants, surface water and the atmosphere in the study area is shown. The dependence of the level of exposure to toxicants on the health of the population of the Oryol region is established. Based on the assessment of the parameters of ecosystem pollution, we identified areas of ecological disadvantage in the Oryol region. It is shown that human activities and anthropogenic impact on the environment lead to loss of properties, providing a normal life and safety of human health. The degree of influence of soil degradation factors on the biogeochemical characteristics of the landscapes of the Oryol region is shown. The influence of anthropogenic factors on the concentration and form of chemical compounds of ecosystem components in the studied territories is established. The anthropogenic influence of sources of soil pollution by heavy metals and radionuclides is proved. Special zones of environmental catastrophe in the Oryol region, where the anthropogenic impact leads to a violation of human health safety, have been identified.
Heavy metals in the soil of Kalmykia arid territories
Authors: Sangadzhieva L H , Davaeva Ts D , Tsombueva B V , Sangadzhieva O S , Esenamanova M S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the composition of soils of the Republic of Kalmykia a large diversity of the gross content of heavy metals was found, which is explained by different genesis of top sediments and the leading role of fine particles in them. Several natural soil and geochemical provinces as well as technologically polluted territories were identified where an imbalance of chemical elements in food chains is observed. It shows promising use of the relationship between the gross amount of individual metals to study the genesis of soil-forming rocks and soils.The limits of the content of 23 elements were revealed, of which 5 elements are absent in the soil of the Republic of Kalmykiaor are within the sensitivity of the instruments. In the south of the Republic of Kalmykiaa soil and geochemical province with a high total As content was found. Its core is located in the southeastern part of the Black Lands. The arsenic content here ranges from 15 to 35 mg/kg. The province is polluted with oil. Besides, there is a uranium and phosphorite region, where, along with the phosphorus the arsenic was concentrated. The arsenic-rich rock destruction products were transferred to the neighboring plain and were part of sediments. However, toxicosis associated with a high content of arsenic was not observed in the described area, since soil As is immobile and its supply to food chains is limited. This can be judged by the number of elements in plant products: it remains environmentally friendly.
Environmental requirements in land management of land use facilities
Authors: Varlamov A , Gvozdeva O , Zhdanova R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The authors of the article studied the role of arranging the territory on an ecological and landscape basis as a set of measures aimed at the use of a certain territory (part) of a land use facility to meet the needs of population and production based on the use of landscape and environmental research and design methods. Based on the example of Kantemirovsky district of the Voronezh Region the system of the ecological framework development of the territory of the region as an integral part of ecological and landscape arrangement of the territory of the region is shown. The work presents the beam-field agricultural landscape “Vysochanovsky” with the introduction of the ecological and landscape system in the agricultural enterprise Druzhba of Kantemirovsky district of the Voronezh Region. The work is based on the study of domestic scientists among which are V.V. Dokuchaeva, D.V. Novikova, A.A. Varlamova, M.I. Lopyreva, A.G. Bogdanov.
Zoning as a tool of land management
Authors: Komarov S I , Antropov D V , Varlamov A A , Galchenko S A , Zhdanova R V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article describes the zoning of Russia as part of strategic planning. The draft project “Spatial Development Strategy” developed by the Ministry of Economic Development is analyzed. The composition of the zones of this project is compared with authors’ zoning results based on land and property development indicators and influencing factors. The conclusion about poor accounting of land resources and land relations in strategic planning was drawn.
Typification of coastal transboundary areas in the context of sustainable land use in the Far Eastern Federal District
Authors: Murasheva A.A. , Lepekhin P P , Chepurin E M , Ananicheva E P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents a number of proposals on the typification of the transboundary territories of the Far East of Russia, based on the peculiarities of geographic location and access to natural borders. A specialized designation of such regions has been proposed and a number of indicators have been developed that allow a comprehensive assessment of the ecological status of transboundary territories.
Analysis of the water bodies zones influence on the cadastral value of garden and horticultural land plots
Authors: Bykowa E N , Bogolyubova A A , Simonova D D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper proposes new methodological provisions for determining the cadastral value of garden and horticultural lands with water bodies zones. A method was developed for calculating the cadastral value differentiation coefficient, which takes into account the presence of a water protection zone on the land plot. A hypothesis was formulated about the influence of water bodies zones on the cadastral value of these lands and it was confirmed for the water protection zone. The analysis of statistical data was made, which was the basis for selecting analogous objects for calculations. Two stages of the cadastral value modeling were carried out, the results were compared to obtain the desired coefficient. The analysis of the obtained models quality confirmed the validity and adequacy of the cadastral value model.
Application of index of general toxic effects of biologically available polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as leading indicator in assessing the quality of industrial-urbanized territories
Authors: Vershinin V V , Nartov A S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The authors consider the important issue relating to the assessment towards the terrotory exposed to some toxic effects of man-made polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). As the main criterion applied in referring a territory to a particular level, it is proposed to use indices of the total toxic effects of bioavailable PAHs. Depending on the values of these indicators, we point out seven levels and propose for each one some evidence-based recommendations on the most rational use of industrialized urban territories.
Calculation of Cementation Exponent and Multiplier Using P-Wave Velocity and Porosity for Sandstone Reservoirs
Authors: El Sayed Abdel Moktader A. , El Sayed Nahla A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The formation resistivity factor is important as reservoir property because it is required to calculate volume of hydrocarbon in reservoir rocks. It depends on Winsauer’s multiplier (a) which is a function of fluid tortuosity and cementation exponent (m). Cementation exponent is a major source of uncertainty in the calculation of hydrocarbon saturation for a given reservoir condition. A small error in the cementation exponent and/or multiplier could give a huge error in the formation factor and have serious consequences. The empirical relationships between reservoir parameters such as P-wave velocity and formation factor depend on local conditions such as environment of deposition, rock type, mineralogy, and diagenesis. For promoting hydrocarbon reservoir development; numerous petrophysical parameters are required. Some of them are measured but the others are sometimes assumed such as cementation exponent (m) and the multiplier (a) of Archie’s general equation. The present work offers some empirical models and charts to be used for resolving the cementation exponent and the Winsauer’s multiplier. Thirty-nine core samples obtained from the Upper Cretaceous reservoir zones; Gebel Nazzazat, Western central Sinai (Raha, Wata and Matulla formations) were laboratory analyzed for porosity, density, electrical resistivity, and ultrasonic wave velocity. They are composed mainly of clean sandstone, with some limestone and dolomitic limestone. This paper introduces seven innovative charts to estimate formation factor parameters using electrical quality index concept (EQI). They are classified according to the value of multiplier (a = 0.5 – 4.0) which is a function of electric tortuosity. The first chart estimates the multiplier (a) from P-wave velocity. The other six charts estimate the cementation exponent (from m = 1.0 up to 3.0) using fractional porosity and P-wave velocity at the previously determined multiplier (a). The present charts are based on a reliable empirical relationship (R2 = 0.82) connecting elastic-electrical parameters as formation resistivity factor and P-wave velocity. The model reliability verification is accomplished using 82 laboratory measurements of porosity and P-wave velocity for sandstone core samples from the Bahariya Formation side by side with 51 empirical estimated multiplier and cementation exponent for different lithofacies (sandstones and carbonates) and obtained from several geographic locations.
Establishing a Model to Reduce the Risk of Premature Mine Closure
Authors: Pouresmaieli Mahdi , Osanloo Morteza 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Premature mine closure causes serious economic losses to mining projects. Premature mine closure occurs due to numerous factors, including economic, environmental, and social conditions. In order to reduce the adverse effects of premature mine closure, it would be of great help to use the risk management techniques. The present study aims to propose a model through which the risks having roots in mine closure are calculated and the safety factor for investments in the mining industry is measured. Using statistical analysis and the multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDM) methods, the risk matrix and its components, including the probability and intensity of risks, are identified and the risk factor is calculated. In the proposed model, the types of minerals (the K index) and the types of ores (the O index) are added to the risk matrix and the risk of mine closure is computed for all types of minerals and ores. Moreover, the risk factor for all types of minerals is computed. To verify the validity of the model, 2400 premature mine closures in Iran (until the 1st of August, 2017) were investigated. The risks of mine closure for each group of minerals and for each type of minerals in their corresponding group were determined. It was found that the risk factor of premature mine closure for the Iranian building stone mines and the safety factor of investment were 1.52% and 0.9848, respectively. The findings show that equipment efficiency, lack of technology, high royalties, decreased pricing, loss of market, and high mining and processing costs are among the main reasons for premature mine closure in Iran.
Hydrogeological Conceptual Modelling of Geothermal Waters of Ivrindi-Ilica-Gumeli (Balikesir), Turkey
Authors: Özgür Nevzat , Kermen Enver 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the area of Ivrindi, the Çaldağ limestones in Permian age form the basement which is overlain by metamorphic rocks of Lower Triassic age in which there are intercalations of marbles. The Kinik formation of Lower Triassic age overlies metamorphic rocks, consist of conglomerates, sandstones, siltstones, limestones and volcanic rocks. Yürekli formation in Upper Miocene to Pliocene age overlies the last rock sequence and consists of dacitic to rhyodacitic volcanics. Soma formation in the same age age consists of sedimentary rocks with intercalations of further sedimentary rocks. Geothermal waters in the area of Ivrindi display Na-Ca-HCO3 type. In comparison, groundwaters in the area can be classified as Ca-Mg-HCO3 type. Geothermal waters show cation abundances of Na+K>Ca>Mg and anion abundances of SO4>HCO3>Cl in the area of Ivrindi. In the Plot of Na1/100-K1/100-√Mg1/2, geothermal waters in the area represent immature waters.
The Aquifer Recharge Potential by Infiltration Tests in Arid Region, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Murad Ahmed , Hussein Saber , Arman Hasan , Gabr Amir , Dhuhoori Abdulla Al 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Water flow through soil layers (infiltration) encompasses the key element of the hydrologic cycle, where it characterizes the pathway of contribution to the groundwater aquifers. Infiltration tests are carried out in the field to measure the soil layers’ infiltration rate and their corresponding hydraulic conductivity. The investigation site, Wadi Al Bih dam, represents one of the significant locations for water harvesting and storing in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The dam plays essential role in preventing and mitigating the flash flooding and assist the infiltration process to recharge the shallow groundwater aquifer. This study targets to measure the infiltration rate on both sides of the dam and emphasize the relationships between the precipitation and water percolation downwards as well as the dam ability to accumulate and store the surface water especially during the intensive water storm events. The results reveal a remarkable variability of the infiltration and the hydraulic conductivity values in both the upstream and downstream of the dam. The average infiltration rate varies from 23.9 to 27.71 cm/h and the average hydraulic conductivity ranges between 9.82 and 39.67 cm/s. This shows the noticeable changeability of the soil cover to absorb the surface water and push it down to recharge the shallow aquifer.
Heritage of the Polish Central Industrial District - New Cities
Authors: Sikora Anna 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
“New cities” are perhaps one of the most interesting aspects of the construction, existence and subsequent development of the Central Industrial District. These settlement units founded “in cruda radis” have all a similar and characteristic layout structure. A newly established industrial plant of strategic production profile (usually associated with arms manufacturing) was directly or indirectly connected with a residential/services unit, which subsequently evolved into a city. The analysis of new settlements development in the COP area leads to identification of four groups, that vary in terms of transformation effects and current status. These are: small cities, medium cities, villages with urban characteristics and villages absorbed by previously shaped urban units. It seems that among these groups, the group of small cities deserves special attention, as it presents an explication of construction process and urban structure transformation, analysis of which may be easily achieved due to the size such units. This article presents the outline of layouts and the development history of the settlement units that were parts of functional/spatial structure created through the construction of industrial and residential estates in the Central Industrial District. The aim of the study was a framework analysis of how these cities originated and how the tissue of presented urban complexes transformed. The tools used to present these origins and basic urban development transformations included the analysis of available literature, museum/archive resources, general analysis of cartographic materials and also field studies.