bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bio-effectiveness of Sabuj Gold as Organic Manure on Cabbage, Cauliflower and French Bean
Authors: Ramesh Eggadi , Sikder Subhamoy , Basfore Shibnath 
Published: September 2020

The present experiment was laid out in randomized block design maintaining three replications during the Rabi season of 2017-18 on three major Rabi season crops viz., cabbage, cauliflower, and French bean under four treatment viz., Sabuj Gold as principle sole nutrient supplement with recommended organic and inorganic plant protection inputs as well as recommended standard crop-specific inorganic cultivation practice to evaluate the bio-effectiveness of SABUJ GOLD as main organic manure. The result showed that 100% Organic Manure (Sabuj Gold as a primary nutrient supplement) + full organic recommended certified inputs (plant protection measures) had a predominant significant effect on almost all the characters under study, specifically plant height (26.89 cm in cabbage, 45.32 cm in cauliflower and 55.24 cm in French bean), number of primary branches (7.84 in French bean), leaf quantitative parameters, individual head weight in cabbage (1.32 g), curd weight of cauliflower (1.31 g), pod weight (3.37 g) and pod per plant (46.34) in French bean, yield (32.37 t/ha in cabbage, 17.58 t/ha in cauliflower and 8.94 t/ha in French bean), ascorbic acid in cabbage (65.24 mg/100g) and total chlorophyll in cabbage (445.61 mg/100 g). However, 100% Organic Manure (Sabuj Gold as a primary nutrient supplement) + full recommended inorganic supplement (plant protection measures) showed a significant effect on multiple characters such as germination percentage (88.52 %) and ascorbic acid (31.62 mg/100 g) in cabbage, total chlorophyll (424.75 mg/ 100 g in cauliflower and 134.95 mg / 100g in French bean). From the above discussion, it could be concluded that Sabuj Gold as a substitute for inorganic plant nutrient along with organic or inorganic plant protection measures could be very effective in enhancement of important yield and quality-related characters of different commercially important vegetables.
Influence of Heat Units on Defoliation, Physiology and Yield of Cotton during Defoliants Application
Authors: Chandrasekaran P. , Ravichandran V. , Sivakumar T. , Senthil A. , Mahalingam L. , Sakthivel N. 
Published: September 2020

Aims: A study was conducted to determine the effect of temperature on defoliation process, physiology and yield of cotton during defoliants application.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with four replications.
Place and Duration of Study: Field experiment was conducted at Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2018 to 2019.
Methodology: The main plot comprised of three stage of defoliants spray (120 DAS, 127 DAS and 134 DAS) and the sub-plots were seven defoliant treatments (Control, 2, 4 D (0.5%), Ethephon (0.5%), Ethephon (0.5%) + Triiodbenzoic acid (TIBA) (450 ppm), Sodium chlorate (0.9%), 6 benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.1%), Thidiazuron + Diuron (0.03%).
Results: After 15 days of defoliants spray, Thidiazuron + Diuron (0.03 %) recorded highest defoliation percentage (99.3, 98.1 and 96.8%) followed by Sodium chlorate (0.9 %) (91.9, 94.6 and 93.6%) at three different stage of defoliants spray. Although a significant effect was observed on chlorophyll index value (SPAD) due to the favorable weather condition like minimum temperature of 14.3, 16.9 and 19.3°C and maximum average temperature of 30.8, 31.8 and 33.23°C (120, 127 and 134 DAS respectively) during defoliants spray to 15 days after defoliants spray. Sodium chlorate (0.9%) and 6-BAP (0.1%) recorded higher (95.8 and 95.4) per cent boll opening at 120 DAS when comparing to 127 DAS and 134 DAS. Heat units accumulated during defoliants spray to 15 days after defoliants spray was 113.54, 140.52 and 169.57°C days (120, 127 and 134 DAS respectively).
Conclusion: Therefore, the minimum and maximum temperatures of 14.3 and 33.3°C, respectively conducive for inducing defoliation process and boll opening in cotton.
Chronic Intrauterine Meconium Aspiration Causes Fetal Lung Infarcts, Lung Rupture, and Meconium Embolism
Authors: Kearney Michael S. 
Published: July 2002

Three neonates with chronic intrauterine meconium aspiration are reported. All had distinctive subpleural plate-infarcts of the lungs caused by meconium–induced vasoconstriction of peripheral preacinar arteries. These vessels showed plexogenic arteriopathy with medionecrosis and obliterative hyaline sclerosis. Organized thrombi and systemic-pulmonary arterial anastomoses were numerous. The infarcts contained inspissated meconium with a granulomatous reaction. In one case, lung rupture occurred, causing meconiumthorax and meconium embolism to hilar lymphatics and lymph nodes; this suggests that particulate meconium may enter the circulation. This fetus had rubella and probable acute twin-twin transfusion following the intrauterine death of the co-twin. The cause of the hypoxia that led to intrauterine passage of meconium in the other cases is unknown. Meconium-stained amniotic fluid was noted in only one case.
Growth patterns of the humeral and femur length in a multiethnic population
Authors: Raman S. , Teoh T. , Nagaraj S. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: To study whether there are any differences in growth of the femoral and humeral length between the three major ethnic groups in Malaysia viz Malays, Chinese and Indians. The effect on fetal growth by gender of the baby and parity of the mother was also studied. Methods: The setting was the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Thirty‐four Malay, 35 Chinese and 34 Indian normal pregnant middle‐class women were studied longitudinally by monthly ultrasound scans from 18 to 38 weeks of gestation. The data were subjected to regression analysis; the quadratic curve was found to be the most adequate. Dummy variables were used to determine any effects by gender, parity as well as ethnicity on the length of limb growth. There was no difference in birth weights of the three ethnic groups studied, nor in gender or parity. Results: There were found to be significant differences in limb lengths of the Indians (longer) when compared with the Malays and Chinese. Parity seems to affect only Indians in whom the multiparous fetuses have shorter limb lengths than the primiparous. There appears to be no effect by gender. Conclusion: There appear to be definite differences in growth of limb length between the different Malaysian ethnic groups and this should be taken into account when growth charts are used and when fetal weight formulas are calculated using limb lengths. The limitation of this study was that the numbers of subjects studied were small. Larger studies will be able to confirm or refute the findings.
Transvaginal ultrasound, uterine biopsy and hysteroscopy for postmenopausal bleeding
Authors: Giusa‐Chiferi M.G. , Gonçalves W.J. , Baracat E.G. , de Albuquerque Neto L. Cavalcanti , Bortoletto C.C.R. , de Lima G. Rodrigues 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: To determine the importance of endometrial biopsy and transvaginal ultrasound in patients with postmenopausal bleeding. Methods: Eighty patients with postmenopausal bleeding were submitted to transvaginal ultrasound followed by endometrial biopsy. Hysteroscopy and dilatation and curettage were carried out to confirm normality of the uterine cavity. Results: The endometrial echo could be visualized in all patients with postmenopausal bleeding. The biopsy failed to detect one case (1.38%) of adenocarcinoma and 14 cases (17.5%) of endometrial polyps. The sensitivity in detecting endometrial malignancy was 94.44% for endometrial biopsy and 100% for transvaginal ultrasound, when the endometrial thickness was more than 8 mm. Conclusions: When the thickness of the endometrial echo is less than 3 mm there is no need for anatomopathologic investigation. When this limit was adopted, all cases were associated with endometrial atrophy, and when the limit was 4 mm or more, active endometria were detected, requiring further histopathologic investigation by hysteroscopy and directed biopsies. Above 8 mm, malignancy may be found.
Expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and its receptors in human fetal microglia cells
Authors: Presta M. , Urbinati C. , Dell'era P. , Lauro G.M. , Sogos V. , Balaci L. , Ennas M.G. , Gremo F. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe presence of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and FGF receptors was investigated in microglia cells derived from human fetal brain long‐term cultures. Production of bFGF was suggested through the capability of microglial extracts to stimulate plasminogen activator (PA) synthesis in endothelial cells. The identity of PA‐stimulating activity with bFGF was confirmed by its high affinity for heparin and its cross‐reactivity with polyclonal antibodies to human recombinant bFGF. These antibodies recognized a cell‐associated Mr 18,000 protein as well as trace amounts of the Mr 24,000 bFGF isoform in Western blot. All microglial cells showed bFGF immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm and, sometimes, in the nucleus.Scatchard plot analysis of 125I‐bFGF binding data revealed the presence of low affinity heparan‐sulphate proteoglycans (380,000±60,000 sites/cell; Kd = 30±9 pM). Immunocytochemistry confirmed the presence of FGF receptors (10,300+2500 sites/cell; Kd = 30±9 pM). Immunocytochemistry confirmed the presence of FGF receptor (1/flg) on the cell surface of some, but not all microglial cells, with prevalent association to ameboid microglia. Transcripts for FGF receptors 1,2,3 and 4 were found in microglia by Northern blot analysis.Co‐expression of bFGF and its receptors in human fetal microglia suggests an autocrine role of bFGF in these cells.
Zopiclone's residual effects on psychomotor and information processing skills involved in complex tasks such as car driving: a critical review
Authors: O'Hanlon JF 
Published: July 2002

SummaryBefore and after its introduction in 1987, zopiclone was the object of investigation in 16 psychometric studies employing both healthy volunteers and insomniac patients. Their common purpose was to determine whether nocturnal doses (usually the standard 7.5 mg) possess residual sedative effects that interfere with skilled safety-relevant performance, such as car driving, over the following day. Most studies have found no residual effects. Those that did, have shown them to be modest in magnitude and not to persist for longer than about 12 hours from the time of dosage. Without altering the general conclusion that zopiclone possesses few if any residual effects of clinical relevance, it must be said that the studies reviewed failed to meet current methodological standards and may have left some important questions unanswered.
Subtotal hysterectomy for uterine rupture
Authors: Thakur A , Heer M.S , Thakur V , Heer G.K , Narone J.N , Narone R.K 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: The aim of this paper was to stratify patients with uterine rupture in extremis (with hypotension, change in vital organ function, and altered mental status) and evaluate outcome for patients undergoing subtotal hysterectomy (STH) vs. uterine repair (UR). Methods: Of 39 667 hospital deliveries between 1993 and 1998 at a university hospital, 367 presented with uterine rupture. Of these, 96 presented in extremis and had an irregularly torn uterus found at operation. Charts were retrospectively reviewed to stratify patient population with uterine rupture and their outcome. Results were analyzed using Fisher's exact test. Results: Patients with uterine rupture were 31–35 years old, para≥3, had received no antenatal care, and presented with rupture in the lower uterine segment. Sixty‐one patients underwent STH while 35 underwent UR. The groups were similar with respect to patient age, parity, cause of rupture, and clinical condition at the time of evaluation (P=0.2). The operative time for STH was significantly less than UR, 35 min vs. 75 min (P<0.01). Maternal mortality was significantly higher in patients undergoing UR vs. STH, 46% vs. 20% (P=0.01). Maternal morbidity occurred in 30% of patients undergoing STH vs. 50% in patients undergoing UR (P=0.01). The time to discharge was significantly less in patients undergoing STH compared to UR, 14.5 days vs. 27 days (P<0.01). Conclusions: Patients with uterine rupture in extremis tend to be young, multiparous, receive no antenatal care, and have uterine rupture of the lower segment. STH significantly lowered operative time, morbidity, time to discharge, and mortality than UR in patients in extremis with uterine rupture.
Utilization of intravenous nitroglycerin for obstetrical emergencies
Authors: Vinatier D. , Dufour P. , Bérard J. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: The authors investigated, by reviewing publications and their personal experience, opportunities for the use of nitroglycerin to manage several obstetric emergencies. Methods: A retrospective study of 10 observations of internal podalic versions of the second non‐vertex twin, with administration of intravenous nitroglycerine, performed between August 1994 and March 1996, was undertaken. The authors compared their results with those reported elsewhere. The indications of nitroglycerin have been extended to intrapartum external version of the second twin, retained placenta, and uterine inversion. Results: Only one failure of internal podalic version due to failure of uterine relaxation was observed. Conclusion: From both experience and published reports it was confirmed that intravenous nitroglycerin (NTG) injection induces a transient and prompt uterine relaxation without affecting maternal and fetal prognosis.
Community loan funds and transport services for obstetric emergencies in northern Nigeria
Authors: Essien E , Ifenne D , Sabitu K , Musa A , Alti‐Mu'azu M , Adidu V , Golji N , Mukaddas M 
Published: July 2002

AbstractPreliminary studies: Focus group discussions and a community survey indicated that inadequate funds and transport caused delays in deciding to seek emergency obstetric care and in reaching facilities. Interventions: Following improvements in the quality of obstetric services, a community loan program was established in early 1995. Community members determined its features: compulsory contributions; community administration; loans for obstetric complications only; no interest; a 6‐month grace period; and 24‐month repayment. A transport system was also established, in which private vehicle drivers agreed to respond to calls for emergency transport and charge a set fee. Results: The equivalent of US $20 500 was collected from 81 annual and 2273 one‐time contributors. Eighteen loans were approved in 9 months. Repayment data are not yet available. For the transport system, 23 drivers pledged permanent participation and 58 pledged to take part in 6‐month rotations. They transported 18 women. Costs: The cost of these interventions was $3409 for the loan fund and $2272 for the transport system. Sixty percent of the cost was paid by the community and the rest by the PMM project. Conclusions: Community‐managed loan and transport systems for women with obstetric emergencies can be established and may contribute to reducing delay in obtaining emergency obstetric care. © 1997 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
In vivo microdialysis and immunohistochemical analyses of tendon tissue demonstrated high amounts of free glutamate and glutamate NMDAR1 receptors, but no signs of inflammation, in Jumper's knee
Authors: Alfredson Håkan , Forsgren Sture , Thorsen Kim , Lorentzon Ronny 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis investigation describes, to our knowledge, the first experiment where the microdialysis technique was used to study certain metabolic events in human patellar tendons in combination with immunohistochemical analyses of tendon biopsies. In five patients (four men and one woman) with a long duration (range 12‐36 months) of pain symptoms from Jumper's knee (localized tenderness in the patellar tendon verified as tendon changes with ultrasonography or MRI), and in five controls (four men and one woman) with normal patellar tendons, a standard microdialysis catheter was inserted into the patellar tendon under local anestesia. The local concentrations of glutamate (excitatory neurotransmitter) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were registered under resting conditions. Samplings were done every 15 min during a 2 h period. In all individuals (patients and controls) biopsies were taken for immunohistochemical analyses.The results showed that it was possible to detect and measure the concentrations of glutamate and PGE2 in the patellar tendon with the use of microdialysis technique. There were significantly higher concentrations of free glutamate, but not PGE2, in tendons with tendinosis compared to normal tendons. In the biopsies, there were no inflammatory cell infiltrates, but, for the first time, it was shown that there was immunoreaction for the glutamate receptor NMDAR1 in association with nerve structures in human patellar tendons. These findings altogether indicate that glutamate might be involved in painful Jumper's knee, and further emphasizes that there is no chemical inflammation (normal PGE2 levels) in this chronic condition. © 2001 Orthopaedic Research Society. Punlished by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
The relationship between graft tensioning and the anterior—posterior laxity in the anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed goat knee
Authors: Fleming Braden C. , Abate Joseph A. , Peura Glenn D. , Beynnon Bruce D. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe tension applied to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft at time of fixation is thought to influence graft healing, knee kinematics, and joint contact forces; however, the optimal tensioning procedure remains unclear. An animal model provides a means by which the effect of graft tensioning on healing can be studied. Prior to using the model, the relationship between graft tensioning and knee kinematics at time of surgery should be established. Our objective was to explore the relationship between graft tensioning and anterior—posterior (A—P) laxity of the reconstructed goat knee. Eight cadaver knees were tested. The A—P laxity values of the intact knee were measured with the knee at 30°, 60°, and 90° flexion. The ACL was then severed and the laxity measurements were repeated. The ACL was reconstructed using a bone‐patellar tendon—bone autograft. The laxity measurements were repeated for nine different tensioning conditions; three tension magnitudes (30, 60, and 90 N), each applied with the knee at three angles (30°, 60° and 90°). Both graft tension and the knee angle at which it was applied produced significant changes on A—P laxity values. An increase in tension reduced laxity values. A tension level of 60 N applied with the knee flexed to 30° was the best combination for restoring normal A—P laxity values at all knee angles tested. © 2001 Orthopaedic Research Society. Punlished by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Glycosaminoglycans co‐administration enhance insulin‐like growth factor‐I neuroprotective and neuroregenerative activity in traumatic and genetic models of motor neuron disease: a review
Authors: Di Giulio Anna Maria , Germani Elena , Lesma Elena , Muller Eugenio , Gorio Alfredo 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIn this report it is shown how glycosaminoglycans and insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) promote muscle reinnervation and prevent motor neuron death in experimental models of motor neuron disease. Such effect appears to be mediated by insulin‐like growth factor‐1. The glycosaminoglycan moiety of proteoglycans is a constituent of the basal lamina active on nerve regeneration by means of the interaction with laminin and with several growth factors. We have previously shown that supplementation by means of subcutaneous injections of glycosaminoglycans affects neuronal degeneration and regeneration. In this study we report that following neonatal lesion of the rat sciatic nerve, glycosaminoglycan treatment promoted extensor digitorum longus muscle reinnervation with consequent improvement of muscle morphology. In saline‐treated rats, reinnervation was only partial and there was a marked muscle fibre atrophy, whereas, glycosaminoglycan treatment of lesioned rats increased IGF‐I mRNA and protein in the reinnervated muscle, and IGF‐I and insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐3 plasma levels. Similarly, treatment of lesioned rats with IGF‐I promoted muscle reinnervation, and prevented muscle fibre atrophy, higher levels of IGF‐I in the reinnervated muscle, of IGF‐I, and insulin‐like growth factor binding proteins in plasma. In the wobbler mouse IGF‐I and glycosaminoglycans alone promote only a partial motor neuron survival and the preservation of forelimb function decays after 3 weeks of treatment. However when glycosaminoglycans and insulin‐like growth factor are administered together the motor neuron disease in the wobbler mouse is halted and there is no more loss of motor neurons.
Murine homologs of deltex define a novel gene family involved in vertebrate Notch signaling and neurogenesis
Authors: Kishi Noriyuki , Tang Zhenyu , Maeda Yusuke , Hirai Asami , Mo Rong , Ito Mikiko , Suzuki Satoshi , Nakao Keiko , Kinoshita Tsutomu , Kadesch Tom , Hui Chi‐chung , Artavanis‐Tsakonas Spyros , Okano Hideyuki , Matsuno Kenji 
Published: July 2002

AbstractNotch signaling plays an important role in cell‐fate specification in multicellular organisms by regulating cell–cell communication. The Drosophila deltex gene encodes a modulator of the Notch pathway that has been shown to interact physically with the Ankyrin repeats of Notch. We isolated four distinct cDNAs corresponding to mouse homologs of deltex — mouse Deltex1 (MDTX1), mouse Deltex2 (MDTX2), mouse Deltex2ΔE (MDTX2ΔE), and mouse Deltex3 (MDTX3). Deduced amino acid sequences of these four cDNAs showed a high degree of similarity to Drosophila Deltex and its human homolog, DTX1 throughout their lengths, even though they possess distinct structural features. MDTX proteins formed homotypic and heterotypic multimers. We found that these genes were expressed in the central, peripheral nervous system and in the thymus, overlapping with those of mouse Notch1. In mammalian tissue culture cells, overexpression of any of the four mouse deltex homologs suppressed the transcriptional activity of E47, a basic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) protein, in a manner similar to suppression by an activated form of human Notch1 or human DTX1. In addition, overexpression of MDTX2 and MDTX2ΔE in C2C12 cells under differentiation‐inducing conditions suppressed the expression of myogenin, one of the myogenic transcriptional factors; this was also similar to a previously reported activity of constitutively activated Notch. Furthermore, misexpression of any of the MDTX genes in Xenopus embryos resulted in an expansion of the region expressing the neural cell adhesion molecule (N‐CAM) gene, a marker for the neuroepithelium. Collectively, our results suggest that these mouse deltex homologs are involved in vertebrate Notch signaling and regulation of neurogenesis.