bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Assessment of Soil Series Wise Fertility in Bheramara Upazilla of Kushtia District of Bangladesh between the Years 1995 to 2016
Authors: Moula Md. Safiqul , Begum Rafeza , Roy Manik C. , Islam Md. Nazmul , Sarkar Md. Imran U. 
Published: February 2020

Aims: An experiment to quantify the changes in soil fertility in terms of available nutrient content was carried out between 1995 to 2016.
Study Design: The design of the study was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD).
Place and Duration of Study: Bheramara upazilla of Kuahtia district in Bangladesh; between the years 1995 (considered as base line database) to 2016.
Methodology: Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI) conducted semi-detailed soil survey at Bheramara upazilla of Kushtia district in 1995 and collected 18 soil samples and analyzed in the laboratory for chemical parameters. These data considered as baseline information for the present study (2016) and 18 soil samples were collected from the same or adjacent sampling point in 1995. Land use, organic matter application, crop yield and fertilizer use related information were also collected during the survey. Chemical analysis was performed in the regional laboratory, SRDI, Kushtia by following standard methods.
Results: Results revealed that soil pH and boron decreased significantly in most of the soil series. Organic Matter in all the series except Ganges silt significantly increased over the year. The variation in potassium content over the year was insignificant in all soil series except Sara series. In some soil series phosphorus and sulfur either increased or decreased over the year while soil zinc content did not varied significantly over the year.
Conclusion: Soil nutrient data of the study area revealed that most of the parameters assessed showed positive direction towards fertility development due to agricultural knowledge development and advance soil and fertilizer management practices.
Response of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) to Potassium and Sulfur Application at Kafta Humera District, Western Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Shimgabr Teame , Wogi Lemma , Argaw Anteneh 
Published: February 2020

Potassium and sulfur are among the most important nutrients limiting sesame production. EthioSIS soil testing map indicate that nutrients such as K and S are deficient in the study site. Study was carried out to investigate response of sesame to K and S application at Humera Agricultural Research Center, Kafta Humera district, Tigray, Ethiopia in 2016 main cropping season. Treatments consisted four levels of potassium (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg K2O ha-1 as KCl) and four levels of sulfur (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg ha-1 as CaSO4.2H2O). The experiment was laid out as Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in factorial arrangement with three replications using Setit-1 sesame variety. Soil sample was taken, result of soil analysis revealed that the soil was clayey textural class, neutral in soil reaction (pH = 7.35), low organic matter content (0.73%), very low total N (0.03 %) and very low available P (0.74 mg kg-1), high soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) (40 cmol(+) kg-1), medium exchangeable K (0.26 cmol(+) kg-1) and low extractable sulfur (4.78 mg kg-1). Maximum sesame grain yields (1371.67 kg ha-1) was obtained from plot treated with 20 kg K2O ha-1 + 40 kg S ha-1 which resulted 145.3% increase over the control plot`s yield. From plots fertilized with K and S levels at a rate of 20 kg K ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1 was obtained higher yield of sesame. It is conclude, therefore, it will be good to promote K and S for further demonstration.
Anticancer Efficacy of Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum. Extracts on Triple Negative Human Breast Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Rajhans S. , Bhadresha K. , Yadav D. K. , Rawal R. M. , Pandya H. A. , Mankad A. U. 
Published: February 2020

In this 21st century cancer has become the second big reason for death next to heart attack in both developed and the developing countries. Worldwide, there are almost 2.1 million newly diagnosed breast cancer cases in 2018, accounting for 1 in 4 cancer cases among women. Triple Negative Human Breast Cancer is one of the types of human breast cancer. The plant extracts of Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum. has been used against the Triple Negative Human Breast Cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 for the current experiment All the 5 parts (leaf, stem, flower, fruit and seed) had been selected for the experiment and the extracts of the various parts were made in hydro-alcoholic solvent i.e. methanol: Water.
Prevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Hepatitis C Antibodies in Sickle Cell Disease Children under Sixteen in Two University Hospitals of Lome
Authors: Dossim S. , Guedenon Koffi Mawusse , Chick A. , Tanga K. , Kolou M. , Kponvi V. , Amavi T. , Gbadoe A. D. , Segbena A. Y. , Bonnabry P. , Dagnra A. Y. 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Sickle cell disease causes chronic anemia with the need for transfusions. The risk in children to get transfusions transmitted infections is high.
Aims: Determine the prevalence of HBsAg and HCV antibodies in sickle cell disease children under sixteen in Lome (Togo).
Study Design: It is a cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Haematology Unit of Campus University Hospital and Paediatric Unit of Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital of Lomé collected between February to May 2016. Sample processing: Campus Hospital Laboratory.
Methodology: We collected blood in sickle cell disease patients in Campus and Sylvanus Olympio university hospitals at Lomé and informations about sickle cell type, transfusion, and hepatitis B vaccination. Sera were tested with Cobas e411 Roche® in the determining of hepatitis B surface antigen (HbSAg) and hepatitis C antibodies (HCVAb). Epi Info was used for statiscal analysis ®. Significant associations were found when P<0.05.
Results: Total of 172 patients from Campus Hospital and 79 from Sylvanus Olympio were included. Sex ratio and SS phenotype were 0.93, 69.8% and 1.32, 64.5% respectively. HBsAg was detected in 1.7% from Campus and 7.6% in Sylvanus Olympio. One patient from Campus carried HCVAb. Significant association between hepatitis B and sex (P=0.02) and hepatitis B and vaccination were found (P= 0.0003). Males were more infected and patients who were unvaccinated carried HBsAg.
Conclusion: Vaccination against viral hepatitis and best blood donation screening are necessary to avoid these viral diseases in sickle cell disease children.
Optically Modulated Threshold Switching in Core–Shell Quantum Dot Based Memristive Device
Authors: Wang Junjie , Lv Ziyu , Xing Xuechao , Li Xiaoguang , Wang Yan , Chen Meng , Pang Guijian , Qian Fangsheng , Zhou Ye , Han Su‐Ting 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe threshold switching (TS) phenomenon in memristors has drawn great attention for its versatile applications in selectors, artificial neurons, true random number generators, and electronic integrations. The transition between nonvolatile resistive switching and volatile TS modes can be realized by doping, varying annealing and voltage sweeping conditions, or imposing different compliance current. Here, a strategy is reported to achieve such transition by the noninvasive UV light stimulus based on InP/ZnS quantum dot (QD) memristor. The core–shell InP/ZnS QDs with quasi‐type II band alignment ensures photoexcited electrons localized in InP core, photoexcited hole state distributed in the outer shell, and subsequent lifetime controlling of conductive filament under light irradiation. Systematic mechanism investigations indicate that UV photogenerated holes are accumulated on the surface of the QD film, which is consistent with rapid transfer of photogenerated holes in the core–shell InP/ZnS structure. Based on the light‐modulated effect, a reconfigurable 9 × 9 visual data storage array with a key pattern and a simple leaky integrate‐and‐fire circuit are constructed. These results suggest the potential of direct optical modulation of memory mode through energy band engineering, leading to future optoelectronic and electronic device for the implementation of neuromorphic visual system and artificial neural networks.
Hierarchical Ordered Dual‐Mesoporous Polypyrrole/Graphene Nanosheets as Bi‐Functional Active Materials for High‐Performance Planar Integrated System of Micro‐Supercapacitor and Gas Sensor
Authors: Qin Jieqiong , Gao Jianmei , Shi Xiaoyu , Chang Junyu , Dong Yanfeng , Zheng Shuanghao , Wang Xiao , Feng Liang , Wu Zhong‐Shuai 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPlanar integrated systems of micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs) and sensors are of profound importance for 3C electronics, but usually appear poor in compatibility due to the complex connections of device units with multiple mono‐functional materials. Herein, 2D hierarchical ordered dual‐mesoporous polypyrrole/graphene (DM‐PG) nanosheets are developed as bi‐functional active materials for a novel prototype planar integrated system of MSC and NH3 sensor. Owing to effective coupling of conductive graphene and high‐sensitive pseudocapacitive polypyrrole, well‐defined dual‐mesopores of ≈7 and ≈18 nm, hierarchical mesoporous network, and large surface area of 112 m2 g−1, the resultant DM‐PG nanosheets exhibit extraordinary sensing response to NH3 as low as 200 ppb, exceptional selectivity toward NH3 that is much higher than other volatile organic compounds, and outstanding capacitance of 376 F g−1 at 1 mV s−1 for supercapacitors, simultaneously surpassing single‐mesoporous and non‐mesoporous counterparts. Importantly, the bi‐functional DM‐PG‐based MSC‐sensor integrated system represents rapid and stable response exposed to 10–40 ppm of NH3 after only charging for 100 s, remarkable sensitivity of NH3 detection that is close to DM‐PG‐based MSC‐free sensor, impressive flexibility with ≈82% of initial response value even at 180°, and enhanced overall compatibility, thereby holding great promise for ultrathin, miniaturized, body‐attachable, and portable detection of NH3.
An Acceptor–Donor–Acceptor Structured Small Molecule for Effective NIR Triggered Dual Phototherapy of Cancer
Authors: He Zheng , Zhao Linlin , Zhang Qiang , Chang Meijia , Li Chenxi , Zhang Hesheng , Lu Yan , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDual phototherapy, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), is regarded as a more effective method for cancer treatment than single PDT or PTT. However, development of single component and near‐infrared (NIR) triggered agents for efficient dual phototherapy remains a challenge. Herein, a simple strategy to develop dual‐functional small‐molecules‐based photosensitizers for combined PDT and PTT treatment is proposed through: 1) finely modulating HOMO–LUMO energy levels to regulate the intersystem crossing (ISC) process for effective singlet oxygen (1O2) generation for PDT; 2) effectively inhibiting fluorescence via strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) to maximize the conversion of photo energy to heat for PTT or ISC process for PDT. An acceptor–donor–acceptor (A‐D‐A) structured small molecule (CPDT) is designed and synthesized. The biocompatible nanoparticles, FA‐CNPs, prepared by encapsulating CPDT directly with a folate functionalized amphipathic copolymer, present strong NIR absorption, robust photostability, cancer cell targeting, high photothermal conversion efficiency as well as efficient 1O2 generation under single 808 nm laser irradiation. Furthermore, synergistic PDT and PTT effects of FA‐CNPs in vivo are demonstrated by significant inhibition of tumor growth. The proposed strategy may provide a new approach to reasonably design and develop safe and efficient photosensitizers for dual phototherapy against cancer.
Restructuring Metal–Organic Frameworks to Nanoscale Bismuth Electrocatalysts for Highly Active and Selective CO2 Reduction to Formate
Authors: Lamagni Paolo , Miola Matteo , Catalano Jacopo , Hvid Mathias S. , Mamakhel Mohammad Aref H. , Christensen Mogens , Madsen Monica R. , Jeppesen Henrik S. , Hu Xin‐Ming , Daasbjerg Kim , Skrydstrup Troels , Lock Nina 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRecently, a large number of nanostructured metal‐containing materials have been developed for the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR). However, it remains a challenge to achieve high activity and selectivity with respect to the metal load due to the limited concentration of surface metal atoms. Here, it is reported that the bismuth‐based metal–organic framework Bi(1,3,5‐tris(4‐carboxyphenyl)benzene), herein denoted Bi(btb), works as a precatalyst and undergoes a structural rearrangement at reducing potentials to form highly active and selective catalytic Bi‐based nanoparticles dispersed in a porous organic matrix. The structural change is investigated by electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, total scattering, and spectroscopic techniques. Due to the periodic arrangement of Bi cations in highly porous Bi(btb), the in situ formed Bi nanoparticles are well‐dispersed and hence highly exposed for surface catalytic reactions. As a result, high selectivity over a broad potential range in the eCO2RR toward formate production with a Faradaic efficiency up to 95(3)% is achieved. Moreover, a large current density with respect to the Bi load, i.e., a mass activity, up to 261(13) A g−1 is achieved, thereby outperforming most other nanostructured Bi materials.
All‐Fluorescence White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Exceeding 20% EQEs by Rational Manipulation of Singlet and Triplet Excitons
Authors: Tang Xun , Li Yun , Qu Yang‐Kun , Peng Chen‐Chen , Khan Aziz , Jiang Zuo‐Quan , Liao Liang‐Sheng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWhite organic light‐emitting diodes (WOLEDs) composed of conventional fluorophores possess color purity, low efficiency roll‐off, and rare metal absence, but suffer from theoretical limits due to the lack of triplet utilization. Due to the different diffusion distance for singlets and triplets, multiple Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) channels can be adequately built up. Herein, besides the complementary component, a blue fluorescence layer, hosted by pure hydrocarbon material SF4‐TPE, is put forward as the spatial exciton manipulating layer to rationally allocate singlets and triplets to the corresponding channels. Hence, singlets are captured by the blue fluorophore, diffused triplets subsequently undergo energy resonance between the blue fluorophore and green assistant, and up‐conversion effect for eventual emission from the yellow fluorophore. Owing to the utilization of singlets and triplets, all‐fluorescence WOLEDs exhibit high efficiency exceeding 20%, with slight efficiency roll‐off even under high luminance of 5000 cd cm−2. Moreover, CIE coordinates can be surrounding and precisely inside the American National Standard Institute (ANSI) quadrangles, as well as outstanding color stability (ΔCIE‐(x, y) within (0.001, 0.012)) from 300 to 13000 cd cm−2.
Heterointerface Engineering of Hierarchical Bi2S3/MoS2 with Self‐Generated Rich Phase Boundaries for Superior Sodium Storage Performance
Authors: Cao Liang , Liang Xinghui , Ou Xing , Yang Xianfeng , Li Yangzhong , Yang Chenghao , Lin Zhang , Liu Meilin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRegulating nanocrystal composition with multiphase compounds is considered an efficient approach to enhance electrochemical performance and structure stability. Nevertheless, the thorough understanding of significant reaction mechanisms and insight into the reason of enhanced performance is still urgent. In this work, the bimetallic sulfide Bi2S3/MoS2 heterogeneous with abundant phase boundaries is successfully fabricated. The in situ investigation of Na+‐storage mechanism confirms that enormous phase boundaries are self‐generated by composition optimization and rational structural design. More importantly, the full understanding of abundant phase boundaries on the enhanced electrochemical properties is explicitly unraveled by combining theoretical analysis and experimental results. It confirms that the interior self‐built‐in electric‐field induced by phase boundaries can enhance the reaction kinetics and boost the charge transfer. Besides, the Bi/Na2S interface is well‐maintained by the homogeneously distributed phase boundaries, effectively improving the conversion/alloying reversibility and keeping integrity without agglomeration and pulverization. As expected, the Bi2S3/MoS2 composite exhibits superior rate capability and long‐cycling stability (323.4 mAh g−1 after long‐term 1200 cycles at ultrahigh rate of 10 A g−1). This strategy of constructing sufficient phase boundaries sheds light on the enhancement of reversibility and stability for other advanced conversion/alloying‐type anode materials.
Recapitulating and Deciphering Tumor Microenvironment by Using 3D Printed Plastic Brick–Like Microfluidic Cell Patterning
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Yingying , Zheng Xiaonan , Zhao Liang , Zhang Xueji 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWithin the body, tumor cells are surrounded by neighboring counterparts, such as extracellular matrix, vasculature, and host stroma, which is also known as the tumor microenvironment. To understand tumorigenesis, it is essential to reconstitute the incorporative tumor niche with quantitative measurements in vitro. Here, a 3D printed plastic brick–like microfluidic gadget is developed for spatially patterning tumors and fibroblasts, enabling the recapitulation of tumor microenvironment with minimized microfluidic expertise and compatibility of standard pipetting. This method facilitates heterotypic coculturing, quantitative phenotype decoding, and downstream molecular assays with a small number of cells (less than 100). Phenotypic and gene/protein expression‐based analysis of cell–cell interactions between fibrosarcoma cells and fibroblasts on this device reveals that the tumor and its counterparts show reciprocal synergism mainly by upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Notably, at the whole transcriptional landscape (RNA‐seq), fibroblasts display a transition from normal to cancer‐associated fibroblast (CAF)‐like phase, and tumor cells exhibit a hyperactive ribosome biogenesis. The mouse xenograft model is also involved to validate the in vitro analysis. Given its easy‐to‐use feature, full compatibility with molecular analysis, and open‐source accessibility, this approach provides an in vitro experimental system to advance knowledge of tumorigenesis and the corresponding tumor microenvironment.
Superhigh Electromagnetic Interference Shielding of Ultrathin Aligned Pristine Graphene Nanosheets Film
Authors: Wei Qinwei , Pei Songfeng , Qian Xitang , Liu Haopeng , Liu Zhibo , Zhang Weimin , Zhou Tianya , Zhang Zhangcai , Zhang Xuefeng , Cheng Hui‐Ming , Ren Wencai 
Published: February 2020

AbstractUltrathin, lightweight, high‐strength, and thermally conductive electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with high shielding effectiveness (SE) are highly desired for next‐generation portable and wearable electronics. Pristine graphene (PG) has a great potential to meet all the above requirements, but the poor processability of PG nanosheets hinders its applications. Here, efficient synthesis of highly aligned laminated PG films and nacre‐like PG/polymer composites with a superhigh PG loading up to 90 wt% by a scanning centrifugal casting method is reported. Due to the PG‐nanosheets‐alignment‐induced high electrical conductivity and multiple internal reflections, such films show superhigh EMI SE comparable to the reported best synthetic material, MXene films, at an ultralow thickness. An EMI SE of 93 dB is obtained for the PG film at a thickness of ≈100 µm, and 63 dB is achieved for the PG/polyimide composite film at a thickness of ≈60 µm. Furthermore, such PG‐nanosheets‐based films show much higher mechanical strength (up to 145 MPa) and thermal conductivity (up to 190 W m−1 K−1) than those of their MXene counterparts. These excellent comprehensive properties, along with ease of mass production, pave the way for practical applications of PG nanosheets in EMI shielding.
Emergence of Nontrivial Low‐Energy Dirac Fermions in Antiferromagnetic EuCd2As2
Authors: Ma Junzhang , Wang Han , Nie Simin , Yi Changjiang , Xu Yuanfeng , Li Hang , Jandke Jasmin , Wulfhekel Wulf , Huang Yaobo , West Damien , Richard Pierre , Chikina Alla , Strocov Vladimir N. , Mesot Joël , Weng Hongming , Zhang Shengbai , Shi Youguo , Qian Tian , Shi Ming , Ding Hong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractParity‐time symmetry plays an essential role for the formation of Dirac states in Dirac semimetals. So far, all of the experimentally identified topologically nontrivial Dirac semimetals (DSMs) possess both parity and time reversal symmetry. The realization of magnetic topological DSMs remains a major issue in topological material research. Here, combining angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy with density functional theory calculations, it is ascertained that band inversion induces a topologically nontrivial ground state in EuCd2As2. As a result, ideal magnetic Dirac fermions with simplest double cone structure near the Fermi level emerge in the antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase. The magnetic order breaks time reversal symmetry, but preserves inversion symmetry. The double degeneracy of the Dirac bands is protected by a combination of inversion, time‐reversal, and an additional translation operation. Moreover, the calculations show that a deviation of the magnetic moments from the c‐axis leads to the breaking of C3 rotation symmetry, and thus, a small bandgap opens at the Dirac point in the bulk. In this case, the system hosts a novel state containing three different types of topological insulator: axion insulator, AFM topological crystalline insulator (TCI), and higher order topological insulator. The results provide an enlarged platform for the quest of topological Dirac fermions in a magnetic system.
Optimizing Energy Transfer in Nanostructures Enables In Vivo Cancer Lesion Tracking via Near‐Infrared Excited Hypoxia Imaging
Authors: Li Yantao , Liu Jiaming , Wang Zuochao , Jin Jun , Liu Yaling , Chen Chunying , Tang Zhiyong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTo explore highly sensitive and low‐toxicity techniques for tracking and evaluation of non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC), one of the most mortal tumors in the world, it is utterly imperative for doctors to select the appropriate treatment strategies. Herein, developing near‐infrared (NIR) excited nanosensors, in which the donor and acceptor pairs within a biological metal–organic framework (bio‐MOF) matrix are precisely controlled to rationalize upconversion Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), is suggested for detecting the O2 concentration inside tumors with reduced signal disturbance and health detriment. Under NIR excitation, as‐fabricated core/satellite nanosensors exhibit much improved FRET efficiency and reversible hypoxic response with high sensitivity, which are effective both in vitro and in vivo (zebrafish) for cycling normoxia–hypoxia imaging. Significantly, combined with a reliable preclinical genetically engineered murine model, such nanosensors successfully realize tracking of in vivo NSCLC lesions upon clear and gradient hypoxia signals without apparent long‐term biotoxicity, illustrating their exciting potential for efficient NSCLC evaluation and prognosis.