bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of genome-wide polymorphic microsatellite markers for Trichinella spiralis
Authors: Li Ting-Ting , Tang Bin , Bai Xue , Wang Xue-Lin , Luo Xue-Nong , Yan Hong-Bin , Zhu Hong-Fei , Jia Hong , Liu Xiao-Lei , Liu Ming-Yuan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundTrichinellanematodes are globally distributed food-borne pathogens, in whichTrichinella spiralisis the most common species in China. Microsatellites are a powerful tool in population genetics and phylogeographic analysis. However, only a few microsatellite markers were reported inT. spiralis. Thus, there is a need to develop and validate genome-wide microsatellite markers forT. spiralis.MethodsMicrosatellites were selected from shotgun genomic sequences using MIcroSAtellite identification tool (MISA). The identified markers were validated in 12 isolates ofT. spiralisin China.ResultsA total of 93,140 microsatellites were identified by MISA from 9267 contigs inT. spiralisgenome sequences, in which 16 polymorphic loci were selected for validation by PCR with single larvae from 12 isolates ofT. spiralisin China. There were 7–19 alleles per locus (average 11.25 alleles per locus). The observed heterozygosity (HO) and expected heterozygosity (HE) ranged from 0.325 to 0.750 and 0.737 to 0.918, respectively. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.719 to 0.978 (average 0.826). Among the 16 loci, markers for 10 loci could be amplified from all 12 international standard strains ofTrichinellaspp.ConclusionsSixteen highly polymorphic markers were selected and validated forT. spiralis. Primary phylogenetic analysis showed that these markers might serve as a useful tool for genetic studies ofTrichinellaparasites.
Metabolism, ATP production and biofilm generation by Staphylococcus epidermidis in either respiratory or fermentative conditions
Authors: Pedroza-Dávila Ulrik , Uribe-Alvarez Cristina , Morales-García Lilia , Espinoza-Simón Emilio , Méndez-Romero Ofelia , Muhlia-Almazán Adriana , Chiquete-Félix Natalia , Uribe-Carvajal Salvador 
Published: February 2020

AbstractStaphylococcus epidermidis is a Gram-positive saprophytic bacterium found in the microaerobic/anaerobic layers of the skin that becomes a health hazard when it is carried across the skin through punctures or wounds. Pathogenicity is enhanced by the ability of S. epidermidis to associate into biofilms, where it avoids attacks by the host and antibiotics. To test the effect of oxygen on metabolism and biofilm generation, cells were cultured at different oxygen concentrations ([O2]). As [O2] decreased, S. epidermidis metabolism went from respiratory to fermentative. Remarkably, the rate of growth decreased at low [O2] while a high concentration of ATP ([ATP]) was kept. Under hypoxic conditions bacteria associated into biofilms. Aerobic activity sensitized the cell to hydrogen peroxide-mediated damage. In the presence of metabolic inhibitors, biofilm formation decreased. It is suggested that at low [O2] S. epidermidis limits its growth and develops the ability to form biofilms.
Health apps targeting children with overweight—a protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of randomised clinical trials
Authors: Rashid Rajeeb , Perego Paolo , Condon Laura , Jakobsen Janus Christian , Lindschou Jane , Gluud Christian , Andreoni Giuseppe , Lissau Inge 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of overweight is increasing worldwide in children. Multi-component interventions incorporating diet, physical activity, and behavioural change have been shown to reduce body mass index (BMI). Whilst many children have their own smartphone, the clinical effects of using smartphone applications (apps) for overweight are unknown. This systematic review aims to ascertain the effects of mHealth apps in children with overweight.MethodsWe will include randomised clinical trials irrespective of publication type, year, status, or language. Children between 0 and 18 years with overweight will be included. We will compare apps targeting overweight versus sham app, no app, or usual intervention. No distinction about operative system will be considered (i.e. Android, iOS, and Window Mobile will be included). The following databases will be searched: The Cochrane Library, Excerpta Medica database (Embase), PsycINFO, PubMed, IEEE Explore, Web of Science, CINAHL, and LILACS. Primary outcomes will be body weight, quality of life, and serious adverse event. Secondary outcomes will be self-efficacy, anxiety, depression, and adverse event not considered serious. Trial inclusion, data extraction, and bias risk assessment will be conducted independently by at least two authors. We will assess risk of bias through eight domains and control risks of random errors with Trial Sequential Analysis. The quality of the evidence will be assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Tool (GRADE).DiscussionWe will provide evidence of the beneficial and harmful effects of smartphone apps for children with overweight and highlight any gaps in the evidence in order to shape future potential interventions. By only including randomised clinical trials, we know that we bias our review towards benefits.Systematic review registrationPROSPEROCRD42019120210
Modification of certain fractional integral inequalities for convex functions
Authors: Mohammed Pshtiwan Othman , Abdeljawad Thabet 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe consider the modified Hermite–Hadamard inequality and related results on integral inequalities, in the context of fractional calculus using the Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals. Our results generalize and modify some existing results. Finally, some applications to special means of real numbers are given. Moreover, some error estimates for the midpoint formula are pointed out.
Sensor data quality: a systematic review
Authors: Teh Hui Yie , Kempa-Liehr Andreas W. , Wang Kevin I-Kai 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSensor data quality plays a vital role in Internet of Things (IoT) applications as they are rendered useless if the data quality is bad. This systematic review aims to provide an introduction and guide for researchers who are interested in quality-related issues of physical sensor data. The process and results of the systematic review are presented which aims to answer the following research questions: what are the different types of physical sensor data errors, how to quantify or detect those errors, how to correct them and what domains are the solutions in. Out of 6970 literatures obtained from three databases (ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore and ScienceDirect) using the search string refined via topic modelling, 57 publications were selected and examined. Results show that the different types of sensor data errors addressed by those papers are mostly missing data and faults e.g. outliers, bias and drift. The most common solutions for error detection are based on principal component analysis (PCA) and artificial neural network (ANN) which accounts for about 40% of all error detection papers found in the study. Similarly, for fault correction, PCA and ANN are among the most common, along with Bayesian Networks. Missing values on the other hand, are mostly imputed using Association Rule Mining. Other techniques include hybrid solutions that combine several data science methods to detect and correct the errors. Through this systematic review, it is found that the methods proposed to solve physical sensor data errors cannot be directly compared due to the non-uniform evaluation process and the high use of non-publicly available datasets. Bayesian data analysis done on the 57 selected publications also suggests that publications using publicly available datasets for method evaluation have higher citation rates.
Aerobic bacterial transformation and biodegradation of dioxins: a review
Authors: Saibu Salametu , Adebusoye Sunday A. , Oyetibo Ganiyu O. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWaste generation tends to surge in quantum as the population and living conditions grow. A group of structurally related chemicals of dibenzofurans and dibenzo-p-dioxins including their chlorinated congeners collectively known as dioxins are among the most lethal environmental pollutants formed during different anthropogenic activities. Removal of dioxins from the environment is challenging due to their persistence, recalcitrance to biodegradation, and prevalent nature. Dioxin elimination through the biological approach is considered both economically and environmentally as a better substitute to physicochemical conventional approaches. Bacterial aerobic degradation of these compounds is through two major catabolic routes: lateral and angular dioxygenation pathways. Information on the diversity of bacteria with aerobic dioxin degradation capability has accumulated over the years and efforts have been made to harness this fundamental knowledge to cleanup dioxin-polluted soils. This paper covers the previous decades and recent developments on bacterial diversity and aerobic bacterial transformation, degradation, and bioremediation of dioxins in contaminated systems.
Utility of routine non-gated CT chest in detection of subclinical atherosclerotic calcifications of coronary arteries in hospitalised HIV patients
Authors: Krishnam Mayil , Chae Eun Jin , Hernandez-Rangel Eduardo , Karangiah Edgar , Gupta Geeta , Budoff Mathew 
Published: February 2020

Objectives:
To evaluate coronary artery calcification (CAC) on routine CT chest in hospitalised HIV patients and to assess individual risk factors.

Methods:
Routine CT chests, May 2010–November 2015, of 143 hospitalised HIV-positive patients were reviewed for qualitative assessment of calcification in major coronary arteries by two radiologists. Presence, location and burden of calcification were evaluated on 3 mm axial images of CT chest. Cardiovascular risk factors and HIV lab parameters such as CD4 count, viral load and duration, and status of antiretroviral treatment were collected. Statistical analysis including multivariate logistic regression was performed.

Results:
Forty-one patients (28.7%) showed CAC, left anterior descending (n = 38, 92.7%), circumflex (n = 18, 43.9%) and Right Coronary Artery (n = 13, 31.7%); mostly mild CAC burden and mostly proximal left coronary arteries with excellent interobserver and intraobserver agreements (K = 0.9, and 1). Age of CAC+ group (53.9 years) was significantly higher than CAC− group (43.4, p &lt; 0.001, minimum age of CAC+, 27 years). No significant difference between two groups in sex, ethnicity and risk factors and HAART status. CAC+ group showed significantly longer HIV duration (12.3 years vs 8.6, p &lt; 0.0344) and higher CD4 cell counts (mean = 355.9 vs 175.3, p = 0.0053) and significantly lower viral load (76 vs 414K, p = 0.02) than CAC− group. On multivariate logistic regression, age, HIV duration and CD4 were significantly associated with CAC+ (p-values &lt; .05).

Conclusions:
One-third of hospitalised HIV patients showed subclinical CAC on CT chest. HIV duration and age of patients were independent risk factors for developing CAC. Higher CD4 cell count was strongly associated with CAC+.

Advances in knowledge:
Routine CT chest with or without contrast performed for non-cardiac indications is helpful in identification of subclinical CAC in HIV patients and radiologists should be encouraged to report CAC.
CAC is seen in younger age group in HIV, and awareness of this finding on routine CT chest would help guiding clinicians to assess risk stratification for primary prevention of ischemic heart disease in this population at an earlier stage when compared to normal population.
Duration of HIV infection and age of patients were independent risk factors for developing CAC in our study and CD4 count was strongly associated with presence of CAC.
Corporate Governance Issues in the Public Sector: Board Perspective and Peculiarities
Authors: Lartey Peter Yao , Kong Yusheng , Afriyie Stephen , Santosh Rupa Jaladi , Bah Fatoumata Binta Maci 
Published: February 2020

Goal: the objective of the paper is to extend the discussions on corporate governance to the public sector and examine good governance from a Ghanaian institutional context.
Design / Methodology / Approach: literature is based on relevant theoretical concepts and seven explanatory variables of corporate governance. Primary data was abstained through structured questionnaires administered to public servants from the Ministries, Departments and Agencies– MDA’s in Accra. Ordinary Least Square multiple regression was employed to analyze a total valid sample of 568. The findings represent the opinions of board of directors, internal auditors, senior management and employees.
Results: the empirical result shows that audit committees, leadership, board effectiveness, accountability and directors’ qualification are strong determinants of good governance in public organizations. However, board size has no impact on good governance when board independence is negative. There is evidence that international corporate governance principles are reasonably visible without any significant deviations.
Limitations of the investigation: The study is empirically limited with the absence of key variables such as corruption, ethnicity and tribal politics in public organizations in Ghana. These are major factors associated with institutional governance in developing countries.
Practical Implications: the study observed a negative relationship between board independence and good governance attributed to lack of board diversity. The study implies that gender balanced boards composed of higher ratio of female directors could enhance decision-making and guarantee board effectiveness.
Originality / Value: the study emphasizes that public and private organizations share almost similar governance indicators, considering the model estimation. There is evidence that corporate governance is gaining popularity in the public sector, a discussion that is often limited to the private sector. The study contributes to the limited existing findings on the subject from a Ghanaian institutional context. Finally, the results validate many empirical opinions about the negative relationship between good governance and board size from different institutional environments.
The ε - εβProperty in the Isoperimetric Problem with Double Density, and the Regularity of Isoperimetric Sets
Authors: Pratelli Aldo , Saracco Giorgio 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe prove the validity of theε-εβ{\varepsilon-\varepsilon^{\beta}}property in the isoperimetric problem with double density, generalising the known properties for the case of single density. As a consequence, we derive regularity for isoperimetric sets.
Strong uncountable cofinality for unitary groups of von Neumann algebras
Authors: Dowerk Philip A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We show that unitary groups of

II
1

{\mathrm{II}_{1}}

factors and of properly infinite von Neumann algebras have uncountable cofinality and the Bergman property. In particular, we obtain a short alternative proof for the strong uncountable cofinality of

U
⁢

(

ℓ
2

⁢

(
ℕ
)

)

{\mathrm{U}(\ell^{2}(\mathbb{N}))}

, which was first proven by Ricard and Rosendal.
Mixed- and crack-type dynamical problems of electro-magneto-elasticity theory
Authors: Buchukuri Tengiz , Chkadua Otar , Natroshvili David 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We investigate the solvability of three-dimensional dynamical mixed boundary value problems of electro-magneto-elasticity theory for homogeneous anisotropic bodies with interior cracks.
Using the Laplace transform technique, the potential method, and the theory of pseudodifferential equations, we prove the existence and uniqueness theorems and analyze asymptotic properties of solutions
near the crack edges and near the lines where the different boundary conditions collide.
Micromechanical properties of beech cell wall measured by micropillar compression test and nanoindentation mapping
Authors: Klímek Petr , Sebera Václav , Tytko Darius , Brabec Martin , Lukeš Jaroslav 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Wood exhibits very different behavior and properties at different scales. One important scale is the cell wall (CW) that is commonly tested by nanoindentation. Common nanoindentation provides important insight into the material but has limitations because it does not apply uniaxial stress and provides data from single spots. Therefore, the aim was to examine beech CW using two state-of-the-art techniques: micropillar compression (MCo) and nanoindentation mapping (NIP). The mean strength of the beech CW was found to be about 276 MPa and the mean yield stress was 183 MPa. These values were higher than those in most cited literature, which was attributed to the fact that libriform fibers from beech late wood were measured. Mean E obtained from MCo was about 7.95 GPa, which was lower than the values obtained on a macrolevel and about 61% of the value obtained from NIP. NIP also showed that E of the CW around the middle lamella (ML) was about 64% of the value at the location attributed to the S2 layer. Lower E from MCo may be caused by sinking of the micropillar into the wood structure under the load. Failure of the micropillars showed gradual collapse into themselves, with debonding at the S3 layer or the MLs.
From FAIR research data toward FAIR and open research software
Authors: Hasselbring Wilhelm , Carr Leslie , Hettrick Simon , Packer Heather , Tiropanis Thanassis 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Open Science agenda holds that science advances faster when we can build on existing results. Therefore, research data must be FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) in order to advance the findability, reproducibility and reuse of research results. Besides the research data, all the processing steps on these data – as basis of scientific publications – have to be available, too.
For good scientific practice, the resulting research software should be both open and adhere to the FAIR principles to allow full repeatability, reproducibility, and reuse. As compared to research data, research software should be both archived for reproducibility and actively maintained for reusability.
The FAIR data principles do not require openness, but research software should be open source software. Established open source software licenses provide sufficient licensing options, such that it should be the rare exception to keep research software closed.
We review and analyze the current state in this area in order to give recommendations for making research software FAIR and open.
A study of frozen iteratively regularized Gauss–Newton algorithm for nonlinear ill-posed problems under generalized normal solvability condition
Authors: Bakushinsky Anatoly , Smirnova Alexandra 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A parameter identification inverse problem in the form of nonlinear least squares is considered.
In the lack of stability, the frozen iteratively regularized Gauss–Newton (FIRGN) algorithm is proposed and its convergence is justified under what we call a generalized normal solvability condition.
The penalty term is constructed based on a semi-norm generated by a linear operator yielding a greater flexibility in the use of qualitative and quantitative a priori information available for each particular model.
Unlike previously known theoretical results on the FIRGN method, our convergence analysis does not rely on any nonlinearity conditions and it is applicable to a large class of nonlinear operators.
In our study, we leverage the nature of ill-posedness in order to establish convergence in the noise-free case.
For noise contaminated data, we show that, at least theoretically, the process does not require a stopping rule and is no longer semi-convergent.
Numerical simulations for a parameter estimation problem in epidemiology illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm.
Performances Analysis of Novel Proposed Code for SAC-OCDMA System
Authors: Sahraoui Walid , Aoudia Hakim , Berrah Smail , Amphawan Angela , Naoum Rafah 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe development of SAC-OCDMA system is based on the creation of new code structure. A novel proposed code structure is called ZFD that is based on the combination of various matrix creation methods and especially on the factorial function. This approach has not been exploited before in the OCDMA system. This novel code has its own advantage that represented in its possibility to generate code-words in flexible way by setting variable basic codes at fixed code weight. The performance of this proposed code is demonstrated via mathematical methods. It is represented by its optimal cross-correlation to avoid the multiple access interference (MAI). Consequently, the effects of the contributed noises using direct detection method have been considered. These noises are represented by shot noise and thermal noise. In addition, a system of three users was simulated with ZFD code under the C band (1530–1565 nm) for the upstream signal with different channel spacing (0.8, 1 and 1.2 nm). In this paper, several parameter effects such as fiber length, effective source power and data rate have been studied and compared to prove the effectiveness of this code. Also, ZFD code has been compared to some other codes such as RD, EDW and MDW according to the previous parameters. The suggested code has reached good results in terms of the bit error rate (BER) and the eye diagram.
Approximation of Euler–Maruyama for one-dimensional stochastic differential equations involving the maximum process
Authors: Hiderah Kamal 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to show the approximation of Euler–Maruyama

X
t
n

{X_{t}^{n}}

for one-dimensional stochastic differential
equations involving the maximum process.
In addition to that it proves the strong convergence of the Euler–Maruyama whose both drift and diffusion coefficients are Lipschitz. After that, it generalizes to the non-Lipschitz case.
Two Sides of the Same Coin? Neutral Monism as an Attempt to Reconcile Subjectivity and Objectivity in Personal Identity
Authors: Wagner Nils-Frederic , Apostolova Iva 
Published: February 2020

AbstractStandard views of personal identity over time often hover uneasily between the subjective, first-person dimension (e. g. psychological continuity), and the objective, third-person dimension (e. g. biological continuity) of a person’s life. Since both dimensions capture something integral to personal identity, we show that neither can successfully be discarded in favor of the other. The apparent need to reconcile subjectivity and objectivity, however, presents standard views with problems both in seeking an ontological footing of, as well as epistemic evidence for, personal identity. We contend that a fresh look at neutral monism offers a novel way to tackle these problems; counting on the most fundamental building blocks of reality to be ontologically neutral with regards to subjectivity and objectivity of personal identity. If the basic units of reality are, in fact, ontologically neutral – but can give rise to mental as well as physical events – these basic units of reality might account for both subjectivity and objectivity in personal identity. If this were true, it would turn out that subjectivity and objectivity are not conflictive dimensions of personal identity but rather two sides of the same coin.