bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legal Perspectives on Ecosystem Services Protection for Water Security in South African Cities
Authors: Botes Maricélle , Steenkamp Rochine Melandri 
Published: November 2020

In the last couple of years, South African cities have exhibited extreme water stresses, despite there being a strong regulatory system for the management of said resources. The pressure to meet human demand for freshwater resources, accompanied by a wide array of other challenges, has largely led to a deterioration of ecosystems. Given the ongoing and widespread loss of ecological services, water protection requires a substantial effort to reverse the current decline in both the state of the ecosystems and the services they provide to society, and the country’s shared sense of governance of these significant resources. Achieving water security and the sustainable management of water resources will, therefore, require overcoming strategic challenges related to protected areas, water infrastructure, economies, human settlements and water quality, sanitation and health, as well as the protection of ecological infrastructure. This article argues that ecosystem services protection can add value to the protection and management of water resources in attaining water security in South Africa, as ecosystem services and water security are inextricably linked. The article further determines how the legal framework in South Africa makes provision for water security and ecosystem services protection, to assess what role local government can and should take on. The authors conclude the discussion with some observations on ecosystem services protection for water security in policies and by-laws of the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality.
METHODS OF OIL SATURATION MODELING AND THEIR APPLICATION IN IRAP RMS
Authors: Тихомирова Елизавета Алексеевна 
Published: November 2020

Одним из важнейших свойств залежи является нефтенасыщенность. При моделировании распределение нефтенасыщенности является одним из основных параметров для подсчета запасов и дальнейшего гидродинамического моделирования. В статье рассмотрены варианты построения куба нефтенасыщенности с учетом априорной информации в виде данных результатов интерпретации геофизических исследований скважины, капилляриметрических испытаний и 3Д-трендов, а также алгоритмы реализации описанных методов в программной среде IRAP RMS. Построены геологические модели по описанным методам.
Proper distribution of oil content is one of the main parameters for reserves assessment and further flow simulation. The paper reveals the variety of approaches to oil saturation cube building based on well log interpretation data, capillarimetry and 3D-trends and also the algorithms of the realization of these methods in reservoir modeling software IRAP RMS. Geological models are built using the described approaches.
REACTIONS OF HYDROXIBENZOIC ACIDS WITH 2-AMIDINOPROPAN-2-PEROXYL IN ACID MEDIA
Authors: Белый Александр Владимирович , Белая Наталья Ивановна , Дорошкевич Виктор Сергеевич 
Published: November 2020

Методом хемилюминесценции определена реакционная способность гидроксибензойных кислот при взаимодействии с 2-амидинопропан-2-пероксильными радикалами, генерированными при термическом распаде азоинициатора 2,2ʹ-азобис(2-амидинопропан) дигидрохлорида в фосфатном буфере при рН=2. Установлена зависимость между антирадикальной активностью и молекулярными дескрипторами кислот, связанными с механизмом их антирадикального действия, в виде полуэмпирического линейного однофакторного уравнения. Полученная связь «дескриптор-активность» может быть основой для прогнозирования антирадикальных свойств фенолокислот и подобных им структур в водных средах.
The reactivity of hydroxybenzoic acids in the reaction with 2-amidinopropane-2-peroxyl radicals generated by thermal decomposition of azoinitiator 2,2ʹ-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride in phosphate buffer at pH=2 was determined using chemiluminescence method. The relationship between the molecular acid descriptors, associated with the mechanism of their antiradical action, and antiradical activity in the form of a semi-empirical linear one-factor equation was established. The obtained «descriptor-activity» relationship can be used as a basis for predicting the antiradical properties of phenolic acids and similar structures in aqueous media.
1937 JANDARMA SUBAY SINIF OKULU MÜFREDAT PROGRAMI’NIN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: DEMİRCİOĞLU İsmail Hakkı , DEMİRCİOĞLU Ebru , YILMAZ Duygu 
Published: November 2020

Osmanlı Devleti, iç güvenliği daha etkin sağlamak amacıyla 1839 yılında Jandarma Teşkilatı’nı kurmuştur. Teşkilat, 19. yüzyıl boyunca farklı aşamalardan geçmiştir. Jandarma Teşkilatı’nın kurulmasıyla gündeme jandarmanın eğitimi de gelmiş, bu çerçevede ilk modern jandarma okulu, 1904 yılında, Selanik’te kurulmuştur. Batı tarzı eğitim modeli örnek alınarak kurulan bu okul, II. Meşrutiyet’in ilanından sonra İstanbul’a taşınmıştır. Osmanlı Devleti ile başlayan jandarma subay eğitim geleneği, Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde de devam etmiştir. Cumhuriyet öncesi jandarma müfredat programları incelendiğinde, programların Batılı ülkelerin jandarma eğitim sistemlerinden etkilendiği görülmektedir. Cumhuriyetle beraber değişen ihtiyaçlar, jandarma subay okullarının müfredat programlarını da yeniden şekillendirmiştir. Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarındaki jandarma subay eğitim felsefesini anlamak için bu okulların müfredat programlarının değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1937 tarihli Jandarma Subay Sınıf Okulu Müfredat Programı’nı değerlendirmektir. Araştırmada tarihsel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Veriler doküman incelemesi yoluyla elde edilmiştir. 1937 müfredat programı; hukuk, tarih, ekonomi, hesap işleri, fotoğrafçılık, daktilo, binicilik ve beden terbiyesi gibi farklı dersleri içermektedir.
Qualitative System Dynamics Model for Analyzing of Behavior Patterns of SMEs
Authors: Haji Gholam Saryazdi Ali , Poursarrajian Dariush 
Published: November 2020

In Iran the Small and Medium Knowledge based Enterprise (SMEs), in the development and shaping stage, face with lots of problems. Before maturity and stability, they fail. Nearly a decade passed, since science and technology parks formation happened. They were seen as a mechanism for sustainable economic development based on knowledge; through creation, support and guidance of founded SMEs. Officials and policy makers, seriously concern about sustainable success, development and growth of these SMEs which must be appropriate for needs of Iran. Identify the behavioral patterns of the stages of life (birth, growth, decline, etc.) which lead to inefficiency and decline, is essential. This helps to avoid mistake repetition and eventually reduces costs. This paper, by using participative model building tries to extract prevailed patterns which govern the behavior of SMEs in Yazd Science and Technology Park. This paper attempts to introduce positive leverage points for policy makers and senior managers who are responsible and also SMEs which are located in the Park. Therefore, in this article, while drawing the behavioral patterns of SMEs, using qualitative system dynamics modeling, the structure governing the behavior of SMEs was drawn. This structure consists of 4 reinforcing loops and 8 balancing loops. Finally, based on these loops, 12 corrective policies were proposed. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-01-02 Full Text: PDF
The Benefits of a Convergence between Art and Engineering
Authors: Innella Giovanni , Rodgers Paul Anthony 
Published: November 2020

As design practitioners researchers and educators, we constantly find ourselves shuffled between humanities and sciences. In fact, the design departments in the universities around the globe are located within the faculties of engineering, architecture, visual art, liberal are or environmental sciences, thus becoming a meeting point for academics and professionals coming from both the humanities and sciences. The synergy resulting from the varieties of backgrounds and expertise creates a fertile ground for explorations on both a conceptual and a technical level. By briefly compiling and analysing a review of literature and creative works spanning from the renaissance to contemporary art, this paper reflects on the potential benefits of combining engineering and art research. The authors of this paper look at the increasingly delicate role that technicians, engineers and computer programmers play in developing technologies that impact our social, emotional and intimal lives, and advocate for art as a context and tool to help those professional developing their sensitivity and critical sense, besides their skills. In doing so, the paper makes a contribution to the STEM vs. STEAM conundrum, encouraging an education that merges arts and humanities disciplines with scientific and technical subjects. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-01-04 Full Text: PDF
Entre memórias e esquecimentos: participações dos/as jovens no Festival da Canção do sertão de Alagoas (1970 - 1990)
Authors: Oliveira Isabel , Teixeira Ana Maria Freitas , Reis Rosimeire 
Published: November 2020

No tempo dos festivais de música pelo Brasil, proliferados entre os anos de 1960 e 1970, os/as jovens de Delmiro Gouveia/sertão de Alagoas organizaram na respectiva cidade o Festival da Canção. Este foi iniciado em 1970 e perdurou até 1990 como espaço máximo de socialização e expressão artística juvenil. Assentado na pesquisa documental e nos princípios da história oral, o presente artigo analisou memórias de dois sujeitos que participaram do Festival da Canção em suas juventudes. Por meio das análises foi possível considerar que os/as jovens conviviam sob forte tensão entre a normatização imposta e seus modos de ser jovem. Pela música corporificavam tensões, a exemplo da miséria social ou das responsabilidades adultas que tão cedo pairavam o universo juvenil. Também, sinalizaram suas insatisfações quanto às poucas menções feitas ao festival na história oficial da cidade.
ISSUES OF ENSURING ECONOMIC SECURITY OF NATIONAL PROJECTS IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE AND EDUCATION
Authors: Kleschev Sergey 
Published: November 2020

The importance and status of science and education in the state mostly determines the protection of the country's interests from internal and external negative influences, as a result, its level has a strong impact on the degree of national security.
The implementation of the recommended actions and practical steps given in the article will make it possible to ensure the economic security of national projects in the field of science and education, to form reliable mechanisms to prevent threats associated with the deformation of the Russian scientific and educational potential.
FEATURES OF REFLECTING THE «NEGATIVE» VALUE OF FUTURES IN ACCOUNTING
Authors: Bank Sergey 
Published: November 2020

Futures are one of the subspecies of derivative financial instruments, the key purpose of operations with which is to extract additional revenue from the company, in addition, insurance against various financial risks, referred to as hedging. From an economic point of view, the «negative» value of futures (the «negative» variation margin) indicates that the cost of owning a contract exceeds the amount of losses from a negative price for them.
«Negative» variation margin is the company's expense covered by the Depository margin, in addition, it is a price change in a negative direction, a negative financial result for holding a futures contract after a trading day on the exchange.
RESUMO DE TCC: PROJETO E SIMULAÇÃO DE MULETA DE BAMBU TIPO ASA
Authors: Ostapiv Gabriel , Ostapiv Fabiano 
Published: November 2020

Muletas são equipamentos essenciais para o auxílio de pessoas que possuem algum tipo de limitação temporária ou permanente na locomoção. Diniz (2017), diz que o uso frequente pode causar diversos tipos de lesões, principalmente nas axilas e nos pulsos dos usuários, devido à pressão causada pela reação dos apoios sobre estas partes do corpo humano.Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal construir e testar protótipos de uma muleta de bambu, com formato inovador, chamada de muleta tipo asa. Espera-se que o uso deste tipo de muleta permita diminuir o índice de lesões por uso frequente, bem como ampliar as possibilidades de uso do equipamento como elemento fisioterapêutico. Ainda neste trabalho foram desenvolvidas análises computacionais numéricas sobre um modelo virtual da nova muleta de bambu, buscando avaliar as deflexões sobre o equipamento, causados por esforços mecânicos de carregamento vertical. Pedaços de colmos de bambu da espécie Phyllostachys aurea, também conhecida como cana-da-índia, provenientes de varas de pesca vendidas comercialmente, foram utilizados como material estrutural no protótipo. O objetivo do uso de varas de pesca é permitir a fácil reprodução bem como a redução do custo produtivo, com o intuito de tornar este tipo de muleta acessível à população de baixa renda.A simulação numérica computacional foi realizada com o software ANSYS Workbench, usado para análises estruturais de geometrias complexas, e para a criação e melhoria de protótipos, como realizado no trabalho de Ostapiv et al, (2019). Como resultado a muleta fabricada, simulada e testada mostrou-se mecanicamente resistente, de fácil construção, baixo custo e funcionalmente eficiente, agregando novas funções em relação ao equipamento tradicional.Conforme resultados da simulação numérica, mostrados nas Figuras 1 e 2, ocorre um deslocamento máximo na parte superior da muleta, de cerca de 1 mm para baixo, e uma deflexão máxima de 3,9 mm na direção horizontal, tendendo a abrir o arco superior da muleta, quando utilizado por uma pessoa de 80 Kg.Os testes de campo mostraram que: a muleta cumpriu o objetivo de diminuir a pressão e o desconforto nas axilas do usuário, devido ao uso dos tirantes elásticos e cintas acolchoadas com velcro; e se mostrou funcional, suportando tranquilamente o peso de uma pessoa de 80 kg, como mostrado na Figura 3.
RESUMO DE TCC: ESTUDO DA ETNOBIOLOGIA E INTERVENÇÕES DA POPULAÇÃO RIBEIRINHA NA BARRAGEM CACHOEIRA, MUNICÍPIO DE AURORA-CE, COMO FORMA DE PROTEÇÃO DO BIOMA LOCAL
Authors: Santos Luna Sayro Rhuan , Oliveira Neto Dario , Filho Aquino Gastão Coelho 
Published: November 2020

O estudo da etnobiologia da Barragem Cachoeira localizada no município de Aurora–Ceará e das intervenções antrópicas da população ribeirinha visa investigar as relações culturais e socioambientais, como forma de proteção do bioma local, a partir do conceito de etnobiologia como sendo o estudo do conhecimento e das conceituações desenvolvidas por qualquer sociedade a respeito da biologia, enfatizando as categorias e conceitos cognitivos do grupo em estudo. Desse modo surge como fonte de estudo entender as relações do Bioma Caatinga com a população próxima da Barragem Cachoeira, estabelecendo o contato entre as classificações biológicas com as percepções, conceitos e classificações feitas por comunidades que, na maioria das vezes, apresentam concepções de vida e mundo diferentes das estabelecidas pelo saber científico. Essa pesquisa utiliza-se de conhecimentos etnobiológicos para observar e instruir na tentativa de promover a melhoria de vida, preservação ambiental e a sustentabilidade do bioma. Palavras-chave: Bioma caatinga; Etnobiologia; Barragem Cachoeira.
Introduksi Incubator Buatan Untuk Mempersingkat Waktu Pembuatan Dadih
Authors: Amri Khairul , Putra Aronald Arif 
Published: November 2020

Dadih merupakan produk makanan fermentasi khas Sumatera Barat yang diproduksi dengan cara menyimpan susu kerbau di dalam tabung bambu dan membiarkannya selama 2-3 hari sehingga terjadi proses fermentasi yang dilakukan bakteri asam laktat yang berasal dari tabung bambu atau daun pisang atau dari susu itu sendiri, sehingga menghasilkan tekstur yang padat dan mempunyai rasa asam yang spesifik serta memiliki sifat fisikokimia yang sama dengan susu fermentasi seperti yogurt. Tujuan dari penelitian yang dilakukan adalah perancangan dan pembuatan alat incubator untuk mempersingkat waktu pembuatan dadih. Metoda kerja incubator adalah dilengkapi alat control temperature beserta pewaktu dimana suhu ruang incubator akan dijaga konstan pada range suhu optimal yang dibutuhkan oleh bakteri asam laktat untuk berkembang. Disisi lain, pewaktu digunakan sebagai pengingat dan pemberi informasi bagi petani Dadiah bahwa dadiah yang dibuat terlah terbentuk dengan sempurna. Dari hasil pengujian daidapat control temperature dan pewaktu yang dibuat pada alat incubator dadiah dapat bekerja dengan baik dan sesuai dengan alat ukur standar; stopwatch untuk waktu dan thermometer digital untuk temperature. Sesuai dengan teori yang dijelaskan oleh Lee and Lucey, (2010) bahwa bakteri asam laktat berkembang dengan cepat pada suhu 40 0C, ini terlihat dari proses pembuatan dadiah yang hanya butuh waktu 5 jam, dibandingkan dengan proses tradisional yang memerlukan waktu selama 50 jam.
Changes in the radiation regime and photosynthesis in the crown of an apple tree when pruning for perennial wood
Authors: Gurin A. G. , Rezvyakova S. V. , Revin N. Yu. 
Published: November 2020

The article presents data on the study of the radiation regime and photosynthesis net productivity in the crown of an apple tree in connection with the regenerative pruning of old-aged trees. The object of the research was an apple tree of the Antonovka obyknovennaya variety, a seed stock (seedlings of cultivated varieties), planted in 1987. The test plot soil is leached chernozem. Options: 1. Established pruning (control); 2. Pruning for 5-6 year-old wood; 3. Pruning for 7-8 year-old wood. The experiment was arranged inrandomized blocks of 6 accounting trees in 3 replicates. The regenerative pruning was carried out in spring 2016. Every year damaged branches were removed in the control variant, while “wolf-like” shoots were thinned in other variants. The solar output was accounted within the daytime with the 2-hour interval from the northern and southern sides of the apple tree crown in its center, as well as under the crown at a distance of 1, 2 and 3 meters from the periphery to the center of the crown. The measurements were carried out after the growth activity cessation in the fine weather in August with a universal albedometer M-69 coming with a galvanometer GSA-1. The net productivity of leaves was determined by the method of A. S. Ovsyannikov in parallel, taking into account solar radiation. It is revealed that the regenerative pruning has a considerable impact on the performance of the solar output. The greatest arrival of solar radiation is noted on the periphery of the crown. In the treatment with pruning branches for 5-6 year-old wood, this parameter was 10.5-13.5 % higher than in the control variant. Pruning branches for 7-8 year-old wood improved lighting conditions by 27.6-31.7 % compared to the control. In the lower part of the crown, the radiation regime is less favorable for the photosynthesis process relative to the central part of the crown. Regenerative pruning increased the photosynthesis productivity significantly. In the central part of the crown, the highest parameters of the net photosynthesis productivity were observed on the periphery on the southern side when pruning for 7-8 year-old wood - 7.81 g of dry basis/m2 *day.
Verruga plantar recalcitrante tratada exitosamente con una sesión de láser PDL
Authors: Perez Wilson Jaime , García Viviana , Telchi Claudia , Gaete Mariela 
Published: November 2020

Las verrugas plantares son una patología común en la población. Estas lesiones son a menudo dolorosas y recidivantes. Entre los tratamientos más utilizados están las terapias tópicas destructivas, y menos frecuentemente, el tratamiento quirúrgico. Sin embargo, con frecuencia recurren, por lo que representan un desafío para el dermatólogo.Se presenta a un paciente de 29 años con una verruga plantar recalcitrante que fue tratada exitosamente con una sola sesión de láser PDL, sin recidiva luego de 12 meses de seguimiento.
Korelasi Al-Îjâz dan Al-Iṭnâb dengan Maqâṣid As-Suar (Studi dalam Kisah Nabi Musa a.s.)
Authors: Fajria Nura 
Published: November 2020

Al- ȋjaz dan al-ȋtnȃb merupakan cabang dari ilmu ma’ni dalam balaghah, Redaksi al- ȋjaz dan al- ȋtnȃb terkadang di gunakan dalam Al-Qur’an untuk mengungkapakan maksud dan tujuan dari pemaparan ayat-ayatnya, terkadang redaksi ayat begitu simpel namun mengandung arti yang luas dan dalam, dan terkadang ayat Al-Qur’an menggunakan redaksi yang panjang guna menjelaskan dan menguatkan suatu keterangan ayat, sebagai contoh dalam kisah Nabi Musa a.s yang terdapat dalam surat Tȃhȃ, sebagaian besar redaksi ayatnya sedemikian simpel(al- ȋjaz) mempunyai hubungan dengan maqȃsid as-suar surat Tȃhȃ yaitu menjelaskan kemudahan dan pertolongan yang Allah berikan kepada para NabiNya, dengan terkabulnya permohonan Nabi Musa a.s untuk menjadikan saudaranya nabi Harun a.s sebagi patner dakwah kepada Fir’au.
Kuasa Pengetahuan Masyarakat dan Analisis Hirarki Maqâṣid Syarî’ah terhadap Fatwa MUI tentang Pencegahan Penyebaran Covid-19
Authors: Auladi Akrom 
Published: November 2020

Kebijakan pemerintah dalam rangka mencegah tersebarnya Covid-19 memunculkan persoalan dalam beberapa bidang, salah satunya adalah bidang keagamaan. MUI yang notabenya merupakan lembaga paling otoritatif bagi umat Islam di Indonesia telah mengeluarkan fatwa tentang penyelenggaran ibadah dalam kondisi terjadinya wabah Covid-19. Fatwa ini kemudian direspon beragam oleh masyarakat. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, penulis terdorong untuk mengkaji teori kuasa pengetahuan dari Michele Fouchoult untuk menganalisis bangunan pengetahuan masyarakat sehingga muncul kuasa yang berupa resistansi terhadap poin-poin dalam fatwa MUI. Penulis juga terdorong untuk mengelaborasi konstruk hirarki Maqasid syariah dalam rangka menemukan konsep ideal ushulul khomsah terutama ketika terjadi pertentangan antar setiap perlindungan, dimana konsep tersebut akan dijadikan sebagai pisau analisis fatwa MUI tersebut.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan masyarakat tentang konsep dalam beragama punya andil dalam merespon Fatwa MUI tersebut. Resistensi dalam bentuk penolakan ataupun pengabaian merupakan kuasa yang lahir dari wacana keagamaan yang menjadikan Agama sebagai puncak kulminatif dalam setiap hal. Disisi lain, jika ditinjau dari analisi hirarki maqasid syariah, konstruk tentang hifdzu din tidak selamanya didahulukan. Sebagaimana yang dijelaskan oleh Al-Buthi, Hirarki tersebut selain bergantung pada tingkat keniscayaan (dhoruriyat, hajiat, tahsiniat) juga tergantung pada identifikasi kepastian maslahat yang ada dalam setiap perlindungan. Sehingga dalam persoalan fatwa MUI tentang larangan solat Jumat itu tersendiri, kepastian maslahat dalam hifdzu nafs menjadi landasan dalam praktek mengakhirkan hifdzu din.
Effect of Black Pepper Extract (Piper nigrum L) towards Streptococcus Mutans Growth
Authors: Hakim Rachmi Fanani , Fakhrurrazi  , Alwi Fadli 
Published: November 2020

Streptococcus mutans is a Gram-positive facultative anaerobic bacteria which has become the main cause of dental caries. Black pepper (Piper nigrum L ) is one of herbal plants that compose antibacterial compounds including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and essential oils. This study aims to determine the effect of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) extract to inhibit of Streptococcus mutansgrowth. Black pepper extracts ware made by using maceration method. The effect of black pepper extract ( Piper nigrum L. ) in inhibition of Streptococcus mutansgrowth by using the disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar media. The concentration of black pepper ( Piper nigrum L.) extracts used in this study were 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75%. The results of this study were analyzed by using the one-way ANOVA test showed that there was significant effect of black pepper extract on Streptococcus mutans growth with p-value (p <0.05), and then the data was tested by Least Significant Difference (LSD). Conclusion of this study showed that there was an effect of black pepper ( Piper nigrum L.) extract in inhibition of Streptococcus mutans growth with concentrations 75% is the optimum concentration which value 16.8 mm.