bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indicadores de gravidade da depressão materna: impacto para problemas comportamentais de escolares
Authors: Pizeta Fernanda Aguiar , Silva-Rodrigues Ana Paula Casagrande , Loureiro Sonia Regina 
Published: June 2020

Este é um estudo transversal realizado na cidade de Ribeirão Preto, que tem como objetivo sistematizar indicadores clínicos associados à gravidade da depressão recorrente em mães de crianças em idade escolar e avaliar o impacto desses indicadores para o comportamento dos filhos, bem como, identificar se há interferência de determinantes sociais associados às condições sociodemográficas das famílias. A coleta de dados considerou o período de 2007 a 2013, avaliando-se 100 mães com filhos em idade escolar, divididos em Grupo Depressão e Grupo Comparação com 50 díades cada. Utilizou-se Questionário sociodemográfico, Questionário sobre a Saúde do Paciente-9, Entrevista Clínica Estruturada e, Questionário de Capacidades e Dificuldades. Verificou-se que, independente de vulnerabilidades sociais, a gravidade da depressão se configurou como fator de risco para mais problemas de comportamento das crianças no geral (p<0,001; R²a=0,138), internalizantes (sintomas emocionais - p<0,001; R²a=0,186 - e problemas de relacionamento - p<0,001; R²a=0,141) e externalizantes (problemas de conduta - p=0,044; R²a=0,031). A avaliação de indicadores clínicos específicos da depressão pode ser utilizada como complemento no rastreamento sistemático da depressão em diferentes níveis de atenção em saúde, ampliando a qualidade das avaliações e os cuidados à saúde mental materna-infantil.
Percepção de profissionais de Psicologia sobre a assistência oferecida aos usuários de Centros de Atenção Psicossocial
Authors: Carniel Isabel Cristina , Duran Tamys , Oliveira Ana Carolina Da Silva , Pillon Sandra Cristina , Santos Manoel Antônio Dos 
Published: June 2020

Este estudo teve por objetivo examinar a percepção de profissionais de Psicologia sobre a assistência oferecida aos usuários de álcool e outras drogas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa, realizada em quatro municípios da região noroeste de São Paulo, no primeiro semestre de 2018. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada realizada com sete profissionais vinculados a quatro Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e outras Drogas. Os participantes eram majoritariamente do sexo feminino, com idades entre 29 e 56 anos, casados, e haviam se graduado entre cinco e 35 anos. Os relatos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, sendo destacadas três categorias temáticas: participação familiar no tratamento: a família é percebida como fonte de apoio, quando presente de maneira efetiva no espaço de tratamento; dificuldade de adesão ao tratamento: é ressaltada a elevada incidência de desistência do tratamento por parte dos usuários; adicção à droga como sintoma do vínculo adoecido: os prejuízos físicos e psíquicos identificados são compreendidos como resultantes da psicopatologia das configurações vinculares. O fortalecimento dos vínculos e da rede pessoal de apoio dos usuários é apontado como estratégia fundamental no contexto do cuidado em saúde.
Effects of Anthracene Doping Ratio and UV Irradiation Time on Photo-Fries Rearrangement of Polycarbonate
Authors: Saeed et al. Asrar 
Published: June 2020

Thin films of pure polycarbonate (PC) with anthracene doping PC films for different doping ratios (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 ml) were prepared by using a casting method. The influence of anthracene doping ratio on photo-fries rearrangement of polycarbonate was systematic investigated. Furthermore, pure PC and anthracene doping PC films were irradiated via UV light at a wavelength (254 nm) for different periods (5, 240, 288, and 360 hrs). The photo-fries rearrangement occurring in pure PC and anthracene doping PC films were monitored using UV and FTIR spectroscopies. The photo-fries rearrangement leads to scission the carbonate linkage and formation phenylsalicylate and dihydroxybenzophenes. The result of the UV spectrum confirms disappear of polycarbonate peaks, while phenylsalicylate and dihydroxybenzophenone peaks appear at (320 nm) and (360 nm), respectively. The formation of a dihydroxybiphenyl compound reveals when the UV peak distinguishes at (340 nm). FTIR spectroscopy supported forms of phenylsalicylate and dihydroxybenzophenone compounds which appear in carbonyl region at (1689 cm-1) and (1630 cm-1), respectively. It founds that anthracene accelerates the photo-fries rearrangement of polycarbonate in the anthracene doping PC films because anthracene leads to formation of excited singlet state oxygen (1O2). Singlet oxygen (1O2) leads to the formation of a hydro peroxide, which could decompose and cause to chain scission and formation of a terminal of a carbonyl group. The presence of the carbonyl groups in the polymer makes it photo-labile, also warns that the polymer is vulnerable to deterioration.
The influence of system settings on positioning accuracy in acoustic telemetry, using the YAPS algorithm.
Authors: Vergeynst Jenna , Baktoft Henrik , Mouton Ans , De Mulder Tom , Nopens Ingmar , Pauwels Ine 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Acoustic positioning telemetry allows to collect large amounts of data on the movement of aquatic animals by use of autonomous receiver stations. Essential in this process is the conversion from raw signal detections to reliable positions. A new advancement in the domain is YAPS (Yet Another Positioning Solver), which combines the detection data on the receivers with a model of animal movement. This transparent, flexible and on-line available positioning algorithm overcomes problems related to traditional point-by-point positioning and filtering techniques. However, its performance has only been tested on data from one telemetry system, providing transmitters with stable burst interval. To investigate the performance of YAPS on different system parameters and settings, we conducted a simulation study. Results This paper discusses the effect of varying burst types, burst intervals, number of observations, reflectivity levels of the environment, levels of out-of-array positioning and temporal receiver resolution on positioning accuracy. We found that a receiver resolution better than 1~ms is required for accurate fine-scale positioning. The positioning accuracy of YAPS increases with decreasing burst intervals, especially when the number of observations is low, when reflectivity is high or when information out-of-array is used. However, when the burst interval is stable, large burst intervals (in the order of 1 to 2 minutes) can be chosen without strongly hampering the accuracy (although this results in information loss). With random burst intervals, the accuracy can be much improved if the random sequence is known. Conclusions As it turns out, the key to accurate positioning is the burst type. If a stable burst interval is not possible, the availability of the random sequence improves the positioning of random burst interval data significantly.
Whole exome sequencing identified mutations causing hearing loss in five consanguineous Pakistani families
Authors: Zhou Yingjie , Tariq Muhammad , He Sijie , Abdullah Uzma , Zhang Jianguo , Baig Shahid Mahmood 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Hearing loss is the most common sensory defect, and it affects over 6% of the population worldwide. Approximately 50%-60% of hearing loss patients are attributed to genetic causes. Currently, more than 100 genes have been reported to cause non-syndromic hearing loss. It is possible and efficient to screen all potential disease-causing genes for hereditary hearing loss by whole exome sequencing (WES).Methods: We collected 5 consanguineous pedigrees from Pakistan with hearing loss and applied WES in selected patients for each pedigree, followed by bioinformatics analysis and Sanger validation to identify the causal genes.Results: Variants in 7 genes were identified and validated in these pedigrees. We identified single candidate variant for 3 pedigrees: GIPC3 (c.937T>C), LOXHD1 (c.6136G>A) and TMPRSS3 (c.941T>C). The remaining 2 pedigrees each contained two candidate variants: TECTA (c.4045G>A) and MYO15A (c.3310G>T and c.9913G>C) for one pedigree and DFNB59 (c.494G>A) and TRIOBP (c.1952C>T) for the other pedigree. The candidate variants were validated in all available samples by Sanger sequencing.Conclusion: The candidate variants in hearing-loss genes were validated to be co-segregated in the pedigrees, and they may indicate the aetiologies of hearing loss in such patients. We also suggest that WES may be a suitable strategy for hearing-loss gene screening in clinical detection.
Barriers, enablers and strategies for the treatment and control of hypertension in Nepal: a mixed-methods systematic review
Authors: Dhungana Raja Ram , Pedisic Zeljko , Pandey Achyut Raj , Shrestha Nipun , de Courten Maximilian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Untreated and uncontrolled hypertension are major challenges in the cascade of care of hypertension in Nepal. The challenge of achieving effective treatment and control of blood pressure is linked to various barriers to hypertension care at different layers of health system. Evidence is emerging globally on the effectiveness of multi-pronged hypertension control strategies. However, no systematic review of strategies of and factors associated with hypertension treatment and control in Nepal is available. Understanding country-specific factors influencing hypertension care is critical to address the gaps in the management of hypertension. This study aimed to systematically review published literature and synthesise the findings on barriers, enablers and strategies for hypertension treatment and control in Nepal. Methods Six databases namely Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, ProQuest and WorldCat were systematically searched for studies investigating the factors or strategies in relation to hypertension treatment and control in Nepal. The methodological quality of selected articles was assessed using Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Themes on barriers and enablers were generated and framed under “health system” (HS), “provider” and “patient” domains, according to the framework synthesis approach. Findings on hypertension strategies were narratively synthesised. Results We identified 14 published studies; one with mixed, three with qualitative and 10 with quantitative methods. Eight were related to barriers and enablers and six of hypertension strategies. The identified barriers associated with the HS were: lack of affordable services and lack of resources. The barriers at the provider’s level were: communication gaps and long waiting hours for appointments. Poor help-seeking behaviour, non-adherence to medication, perceived side-effects of drugs, financial hardship and lack of family support were barriers identified at patient level. The following enablers were identified: positive illness perception, free essential healthcare services and family support. Strategies implemented across the HS, provider and patient were: establishing digital health records at health centres, health worker’s capacity development, health education and yoga practice. Conclusion There is a range of barriers for hypertension treatment and control in Nepal pertaining to the health system, providers, and patients. Comprehensive interventions are needed at all three levels to further improve management and control of hypertension in Nepal.Registration: The protocol is registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020145823)
Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: Results of Propensity Score-based Analyses in a Community-based Cohort Study
Authors: Kim Jinsun , Park Eun Young , Park Eunjung , Lim Min Kyung , Oh Jin-Kyoung , Kim Byungmi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to determine the effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on colorectal cancer (CRC) using propensity score (PS) methods.Methods: The study subjects were 2,417 men and 4,568 women from the Korean National Cancer Center (KNCC) Community Cohort enrolled between 2003 and 2010 who were followed up by 2016 (median follow-up time, 10.4 years). Modified criteria for MetS, adopted body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 instead of waist circumference (≥90cm for men and ≥80 cm for women for Asian) was applied. Hazard risks (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using unadjusted and multiple Cox's hazard regression models, PS matching analysis, regression models adjusted by the PS or stratified into five strata according to PS, and PS weighting methods were calculated.Results: There were 57 and 54 incident colorectal cases for men and women, respectively (median follow-up time was 4.8 years for men and 5.5 years for women). In women, MetS and abnormally high triglyceride (TG) levels were associated with CRC risk (HR for MetS, 2.12 [95% CI, 1.22-3.68] using the multiple Cox's hazard regression and 2.19 [95% CI, 1.10-4.33] using the PS matching analysis; HR for abnormal TG levels, 2.06 [95% CI, 1.20-3.55] using the multiple Cox's hazard regression and 2.08 [95% CI, 1.07-4.02] using the PS matching analysis). In men, MetS and TG levels did not show significant associations with the risk of CRC (HR for MetS, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.54-1.99] using the multiple Cox's hazard regression and 0.93 [95% CI, 0.42-2.03] using the PS matching analysis; HR for abnormal TG levels, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.47-1.50] using the multiple Cox's hazard regression and 1.11 [95% CI, 0.55-2.21] using the PS matching analysis).Conclusions: Our study might provide additional evidence that deteriorated metabolic profiles increase the risk of CRC in women rather than men. Thus, it may have an important role in effective population-level interventions for deteriorated metabolic profiles at an early stage.
Causes of maternal deaths and delays in care: Comparison between routine Maternal Death Surveillance and Response system and an obstetrician expert panel in Tanzania
Authors: Said Ali , Malqvist Mats , Pembe Andrea B. , Massawe Siriel , Hanson Claudia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background To reduce maternal mortality Tanzania introduced Maternal Death Surveillance and Response (MDSR) system in 2015 as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). All health facilities are to notify and review all maternal deaths inorder to recommend quality improvement actions to reduce deaths in future. The system relies on consistent and correct categorization of causes of maternal deaths and three phases of delays. To assess its adequacy we compared the routine MDSR categorization of causes of death and three phases of delays to those assigned by an independent expert panel with additional information from Verbal Autopsy (VA). Methods Our cross-sectional study included 109 reviewed maternal deaths from two regions in Tanzania for the year 2018. We abstracted the underlying medical causes of death and the three phases of delays from MDSR system records. We interviewed bereaved families using the standard WHO VA questionnaire. The obstetrician expert panel assigned underlying causes of death based on information from medical files and VA according to International Classification of Disease to Death in Pregnancy Childbirth and Puerperium (ICD-MM).They assigned causes to nine ICD-MM groups and identified the three phases of delays. We used Cohen`s K statistic to compare causes of deaths and delays categorization.Results Comparison of underlying causes was done for 99 deaths. While 109 and 84 deaths for expert panel and MDSR respectively were analyzed for delays because of missing data in MDSR system. Expert panel and MDSR system assigned the same underlying causes in 64(64.6%) deaths (K statistic 0.60). Agreement increased in 80(80.8%) when causes were assigned by ICD-MM groups (K statistic 0.76). The obstetrician expert panel identified phase one delays in 74(67.9%), phase two in 24(22.0%) and phase three delays in all 101(100%) deaths that were assessed for this delay while MDSR system identified delays in 42(50.0%), 10(11.9%) and 78(92.9%).The expert panel found human errors in management in 94(93.1%) while MDSR system reported in 53(67.9%) deaths.Conclusions MDSR committees performed reasonably well in assigning underlying causes of death. The obstetrician expert panel found more delays than reported in MDSR system indicating difficulties within MDSR teams to critically review deaths.
Cutaneous anthrax associated with handling carcasses of animals that died suddenly of unknown cause: Arua District, Uganda, January 2015–August 2017
Authors: Aceng Freda Loy , Ario Alex Riolexus , Alitubeera Phoebe Hilda , Kadobera Daniel , Sekamatte Musa , Okethwangu Denis , Bulage Lilian , Harris Julie R. , Nguma Willy , Ndumu Deo Birungi , Buule Joshua , Nyakarahuka Luke , Zhu Bao-Ping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background : Anthrax is a zoonotic vaccine-preventable disease that can be transmitted to humans from infected animals. During May–June 2017, three persons with probable cutaneous anthrax were reported in Arua District, Uganda; one died. All had recently handled carcasses of livestock that died suddenly. During July, a bull in the same community died suddenly. A skin lesion from the deceased person and a blood sample from the bull tested positive by PCR for Bacillus anthracis. The aim of this investigation was to establish the scope of the problem, identify exposures associated with illness, and recommend evidence-based control measures. Methods: We defined a probable case as acute onset of a papulo-vesicular skin lesion subsequently forming an eschar in a resident of Arua District during January 2015–August 2017. A confirmed case was a probable case with a skin sample testing positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for B. anthracis . We identified cases by medical record review and active community search. In a case-control study, we compared exposures between case-patients and frequency- and village-matched asymptomatic controls. We interviewed key animal health staff to learn about livestock deaths. Results: We identified 68 case-patients (67 probable, 1 confirmed), and 2 deaths. Cases occurred throughout the three-year period, peaking during dry seasons. All cases occurred following sudden livestock deaths in the villages. Case-patients came from two neighboring sub-counties: Rigbo (attack rate (AR)=20.1/10,000 population) and Rhino Camp (AR=2.1/10,000). Males (AR=17/100,000) were more affected than females (AR=0.52/100,000). Persons aged 30-39 years (AR=26/100,000 population) were most affected. Among all cases and 136 controls, skinning (OR M-H =5.0, 95%CI: 2.3–11), butchering (OR M-H =22, 95%CI: 5.5–89), and carrying the carcass of livestock that died suddenly (OR M-H =6.9, 95%CI: 3.0–16) were associated with illness. Conclusions: Exposure to carcasses of animals that died suddenly was a likely risk factor for cutaneous anthrax in Arua District during 2015-2017. We recommend public education about signs and symptoms of anthrax, prompt treatment of illness following exposure to animals that died suddenly, and safe disposal of the carcasses. In addition, the anthrax burden in livestock should be investigated to inform the cost-effectiveness of livestock vaccination.
AChE-activity in critically ill patients with suspected septic encephalopathy: a prospective, single-centre study
Authors: Zujalovic Benedikt , Mayer Benjamin , Hafner Sebastian , Balling Florian , Barth Eberhard 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Up to 70% of septic patients develop a diffuse brain dysfunction accompanying with an increase in mortality, which is referred to as “septic associated encephalopathy”. Neuroinflammation as well as a disturbance of cholinergic transmission are assumed to be the causes of both delirium and septic associated encephalopathy. A possible change in cholinergic activity can be objectified by measuring the erythrocytic acetylcholinesterase activity. It has been shown, however, that the acetylcholinesterase activity, if only single measurements are carried out, is controversial in its significance. Therefore, we wanted to test the hypothesis whether a longitudinal analysis of acetylcholinesterase activity in critically ill patients can help to diagnose a suspected septic-associated encephalopathy and whether acetylcholinesterase activity differs in comparison to non-septic patients.Methods In this prospective, observational, single-center study, 175 patients, admitted to the surgical Intensive Care Unit of the University hospital Ulm, Germany, were included. 45 patients were septic, 130 patients were non septic. All patients were examined daily for the presence of delirium using the CAM-ICU. Daily measurement of the acetylcholinesterase activity was performed in all patients. The acetylcholinesterase activity was analyzed over time using a linear regression model taking into account repeated measurements. By using a time adjusted model, the effect of further possible predictors of acetylcholinesterase activity was analyzed too. For nonparametric distributions quantitative data were compared using Wilcoxon matched-pairs test. For the analysis of the independent samples the Mann-Whitney test was performed. Results In approximately 90% of the septic patients with suspected septic associated encephalopathy a statistically significant, time-dependent in- or decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity could be demonstrated over a period of at least 5 consecutive days.Conclusion The longitudinal measurement of acetylcholinesterase activity over several consecutive days revealed a shift compared to baseline values exclusively in septic patients with supposed septic associated encephalopathy. Therefore, longitudinal measurement of acetylcholinesterase activity may help to diagnose septic associated encephalopathy in patients with sepsis and accompanying delirium symptoms.Trial registration Retrospectively registered at German Clincial Trials Register, registration number DRKS 00020542, date of registration: January 27, 2020
Energy efficiency in an integrated agro-ecosystem at the acid soil area in Mekong delta, Vietnam
Authors: Thao Nguyen Thi Thu , Tung Tra Van , Thao Nguyen Thi Phuong , Thanh Son Le , Braunegg Sibylle , Braunegg Gerhart , Schnitzer Hans , Le Hai Thanh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Both exergy and energy analysis methods are used for analysing energy efficiency in all kind of processes, and can be used also in agriculture. The study focuses on the connection of the three main process components (husbandry-crop-fishpond) in a typical farming household in an acid soil region in rural Vietnam. The concept of exergy analysis is used to underline the potential for energy efficiency in alternative processes in the agricultural system. To develop an integrated ecological system towards zero-emission, the analytical methods of material cycles and energy flows use a set of indicators of resource efficiency in a sustainable agriculture.Results: The design of the ideal integrated farming system “Agro-Industrial Zero Emissions Systems” (AIZES) can increase the system efficiency by making use of indigenous natural materials and waste reuse, recycling. Recycling waste for energy, fish feed and fertilizing can result a decrease in half of environmental load. Using exergy analysis to calculate an indicator non-renewable yield ratio (NRYR), the systems imply sustainability of agriculture production.Conclusions: The farming household will be able to replace fuel and electricity resulting in energy self-sufficiency to distribute surplus biogas to surrounding households. Biochar created by mixing the biomass residues with local plants can improve soil quality. Pig sludge can become nutritious fertilizer when mixed with biomass residues. Also, utilizing biogas can reduce purchased electricity.