bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Harnessed Dopant Block Copolymers Assist Decorating Membrane Pores: A Dissipative Particle Dynamics Study
Authors: Wang Zhikun , Sun Shuangqing , Lyu Qiang , Cheng Meng , Wang Hongbing , Li Chunling , Sha Haoyan , Faller Roland , Hu Songqing 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSelf‐assembly of asymmetric block copolymers (BCPs) around active pore edges has emerged as an important strategy to produce smart membranes with tunable pathways for solute transport. However, thus far, it is still challenging to manipulate pore shape and functionality for directional transformation under external stimuli. Here, a versatile strategy by mesoscale simulations to design stimuli‐responsive pores with various edge decorations in hybrid membranes is reported. Dopant BCPs are used as decorators to stabilize pore edges and extend their function in reconfiguring pores in response to repeated membrane stretching/shrinking caused by external stimuli. The decoration morphologies are predictable since the assemblies of dopant BCPs around pore edges are closely related to their self‐assemblies in solution. The coassembly between different BCPs in the hybrid membrane for the control of pore morphology is featured, and the parameter settings, including block incompatibility and molecular architecture for the construction of a specific pore, are determined. Results show that harnessed dopant BCPs in the hybrid membrane can enhance pore formation and induce directional pore shape and functionality transformation. Diversified pore decorations exhibit potential that can be further explored in selective solute transport and the design of stimuli‐responsive smart nanodevices.
DietaryAdvancedGlycationEnd Products–InducedCognitive Impairment in Aged ICR Mice: Protective Role of Quercetin
Authors: Yang Shengyi , Wang Guiping , Ma Zheng feei , Qin Li‐qiang , Zhai Yu‐jia , Yu Zeng‐Li , Xue Man , Zhang Ya‐han , Wan Zhongxiao 
Published: December 2019

ScopeDietary advanced glycation products (dAGEs) have been reported to induce cognitive impairment while quercetin possesses potential neuroprotective effects. The aim is to explore whether dAGEs would induce similar cognitive impairment from both young and aged ICR mice, and the protective effects of quercetin.Methods and resultsA total of 32 aged ICR mice (15‐month‐old) and 16 young ICR mice (3‐month‐old) are randomly assigned into the following six groups: Young mice control group, young mice fed with AGEs diet group, old mice control group, old mice fed with AGEs diet group, old mice with quercetin supplemented diet group, old mice fed with AGE diet supplemented with quercetin group. Dietary AGEs induced cognitive impairment only in aged, but not in young, ICR mice, while quercetin intervention is capable of reversing dAGEs‐induced cognitive dysfunction. This may be since quercetin 1) increased miR‐219, miR‐15a, and miR‐132 expression, inhibited p‐ERK1/2, and tau phosphorylation; and 2) improved gut microbiota richness and diversity, inhibited phylum Tenericutes and Proteobacteria, and elevated butyric acid from cecum.ConclusionProlonged application of quercetin may be beneficial in the elderly, especially for those with high consumption of dAGEs.
Analysis of rectifier stage number and load resistance in an RF energy harvesting circuit
Authors: Kasar Ömer , Gözel Mahmut Ahmet , Kahriman Mesud 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this study, a single‐stage and three‐stage Dickson rectifier circuits that would be able to perform RF energy harvesting were proposed. Operating frequency was selected as 1 GHz. The highest efficiency value was obtained at 7 dBm input power. The load resistance values for the input power were parametrically analyzed and the power conversion efficiency and output voltage were calculated. In the cases where the best performance was obtained, while a maximum power conversion efficiency of 70.5% was obtained in the single‐stage Dickson circuit, maximum 77% efficiency was obtained in the three‐stage circuit. In addition, in the cases where the highest efficiency was observed, the load resistance values were calculated as 5590 and 14 610 Ω at the single stage and three stages, respectively. The load resistance value used to obtain higher efficiency values in the three‐stage circuit is increasing. Moreover, it was observed that as the number of stages increased, the output voltage also increased linearly. The maximum output voltage which was 1.8 V in the single‐stage was measured as ~5.16 V in three‐stages.
Accelerating crack growth simulations through adaptive model order reduction
Authors: Rocha Iuri. B. C. M. , van der Meer Frans. P. , Mororó Luiz. A. T. , Sluys Lambertus. J. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryAccurate numerical modeling of fracture in solids is a challenging undertaking that often involves the use of computationally demanding modeling frameworks. Model order reduction techniques can be used to alleviate the computational effort associated with these models. However, the traditional offline‐online
reduction approach is unsuitable for complex fracture phenomena due to their excessively large parameter spaces. In this work, we present a reduction framework for fracture simulations that leaves out the offline
training phase and instead adaptively constructs reduced solutions spaces online. We apply the framework to the thick level set (TLS) method, a novel approach for modeling fracture able to model crack initiation, propagation, branching, and merging. The analysis starts with a fully‐solved load step, after which two consecutive reduction operations—the proper orthogonal decomposition and the empirical cubature method—are performed. Numerical features specific to the TLS method are used to define an adaptive domain decomposition scheme that allows for three levels of model reduction coexisting on the same finite element mesh. Special solutions are proposed that allow the framework to deal with enriched nodes and a dynamic number of integration points. We demonstrate and assess the performance of the framework with a number of numerical examples.
Weight Gain Over 6 Years in Young Adults: The Study of Novel Approaches to Weight Gain Prevention Randomized Trial
Authors: Wing Rena R. , Espeland Mark A. , Tate Deborah F. , Perdue Letitia H. , Bahnson Judy , Polzien Kristen , Robichaud Erica F. , LaRose Jessica G. , Gorin Amy A. , Lewis Cora E. , Jelalian Elissa ,   for the Study of Novel Approaches to Weight Gain Prevention (SNAP) Research Group
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveThe study objective was to determine whether two self‐regulation interventions that reduced 3‐year weight gain in young adults remain effective at 6 years.MethodsA randomized trial was conducted in two academic settings in 599 young adults, aged 18 to 35 years, with normal weight or overweight; 504 (84%) reconsented for a 6‐year extension (Study of Novel Approaches to Weight Gain Prevention‐Extended [SNAP‐E]) with ongoing intervention and assessments. Weight gain over 6 years was compared for all assigned to Control, Large Changes (LC; lose 5‐10 pounds initially), and Small Changes (SC; make small daily changes in intake and activity).ResultsWeight change from baseline to 6 years did not differ significantly among the three groups (Control = 3.9 kg, SC = 4.1 kg, and LC = 2.8 kg). However, there was a significant age‐by‐treatment interaction (P = 0.002). Among those < 25 years old, weight gain from baseline to 6 years averaged 7.3 kg in the Control group and was reduced by almost 50% in LC and SC. LC also significantly reduced mean weight gain (area under the curve) over 6 years compared with Control or SC.ConclusionsAlthough the interventions did not reduce weight gain at 6 years for the full cohort, they were effective in those < 25 years old. Future efforts should focus on young adults aged 18 to 24.9 and test more intensive interventions with more diverse participants.
Angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma contains multiple clonal T‐cell populations derived from a common TET2 mutant progenitor cell
Authors: Yao Wen‐Qing , Wu Fangtian , Zhang Wenyan , Chuang Shih‐Sung , Thompson Joe S , Chen Zi , Zhang Shao‐Wei , Clipson Alexandra , Wang Ming , Liu Hongxiang , Bibawi Hani , Huang Yuanxue , Campos Luis , Grant John W , Wright Penny , EI‐Daly Hesham , Rásó‐Barnett Lívia , Farkas Lorant , Follows George A , Gao Zifen , Attygalle Ayoma D , Ashton‐Key Margaret , Liu Weiping , Du Ming‐Qing 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAngioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma (AITL) is a neoplastic proliferation of T follicular helper cells with clinical and histological presentations suggesting a role of antigenic drive in its development. Genetically, it is characterized by a stepwise acquisition of somatic mutations, with early mutations involving epigenetic regulators (TET2, DNMT3A) and occurring in haematopoietic stem cells, with subsequent changes involving signaling molecules (RHOA, VAV1, PLCG1, CD28) critical for T‐cell biology. To search for evidence of potential oncogenic cooperation between genetic changes and intrinsic T cell receptor (TCR) signaling, we investigated somatic mutations and T‐cell receptor β (TRB) rearrangement in 119 AITL, 11 peripheral T‐cell lymphomas with T follicular helper phenotype (PTCL‐TFH), and 25 PTCL‐NOS using Fluidigm polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Illumina MiSeq sequencing. We confirmed frequent TET2, DNMT3A, and RHOA mutations in AITL (72%, 34%, 61%) and PTCL‐TFH (73%, 36%, 45%) and showed multiple TET2 mutations (2 or 3) in 57% of the involved AITL and PTCL‐TFH. Clonal TRB rearrangement was seen in 76 cases with multiple functional rearrangements (2–4) in 18 cases (24%). In selected cases, we confirmed bi‐clonal T‐cell populations and further demonstrated that these independent T‐cell populations harboured identical TET2 mutations by using BaseScope in situ hybridization, suggesting their derivation from a common TET2 mutant progenitor cell population. Furthermore, both T‐cell populations expressed CD4. Finally, in comparison with tonsillar TFH cells, both AITL and PTCL‐TFH showed a significant overrepresentation of several TRB variable family members, particularly TRBV19*01. Our findings suggest the presence of parallel neoplastic evolutions from a common TET2 mutant haematopoietic progenitor pool in AITL and PTCL‐TFH, albeit to be confirmed in a large series of cases. The biased TRBV usage in these lymphomas suggests that antigenic stimulation may play an important role in predilection of T cells to clonal expansion and malignant transformation. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Inhibition of tissue non‐specific alkaline phosphatase; a novel therapy against arterial media calcification?
Authors: Opdebeeck Britt , D'Haese Patrick C , Verhulst Anja 
Published: December 2019

AbstractArterial media calcification refers to ectopic mineralization in the arterial wall and favors arterial stiffness and cardiovascular events. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes, or osteoporosis are highly vulnerable to the development of arterial media calcifications. Tissue non‐specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is upregulated in calcified arteries and plays a key role in the degradation of the calcification inhibitor pyrophosphate into inorganic phosphate ions. A recent study published in The Journal of Pathology showed that an oral dosage of 10 or 30 mg/kg/day SBI‐425, a selective TNAP inhibitor, inhibited the development of arterial media calcification in mice with CKD, without affecting bone mineralization. Their results indicated that SBI‐425 is an effective and safe treatment for arterial media calcification. However, additional studies regarding the effect of TNAP‐inhibitor SBI‐425 on the progression and even the reversion of pre‐existing pathological arterial media calcifications without affecting physiological bone mineralization are deserved. Furthermore, investigating the extent to which SBI‐425 inhibits arterial calcification in a non‐CKD context would be of particular interest to treat this comorbidity in diabetes and osteoporosis patients. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of brodifacoum and diphacinone exposure on four species of reptiles: tissue residue levels and survivorship
Authors: Mauldin Richard E , Witmer Gary W , Shriner Susan A , Moulton Rachael S , Horak Katherine E 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDAnticoagulant rodenticides are used worldwide to control pest rodent species. However, the risks posed to non‐target reptiles have not been well characterized. In this study, 46 giant ameivas (Ameiva ameiva), 39 boa constrictors (Boa constrictor), 33 wood turtles (Rhinoclemmys pulcherrima), and 47 green iguanas (Iguana iguana) were orally dosed with one of two levels of either diphacinone or brodifacoum anticoagulant in propylene glycol solutions. Dosages were derived using daily food intake (DFI) equations, converting DFI to an equivalent anticoagulant bait amount and gavaging the solution volume needed to deliver the quantity of anticoagulant in that amount of bait. Animals were dosed on days 0 and 7 and monitored for a further 7 days for signs of anticoagulant intoxication and differences in behaviors and postures. At necropsy on day 14, animals were examined for thoracic and abdominal bleeding, and both tissue and organ samples were taken for histology. Liver and whole‐body anticoagulant residues were assessed.RESULTSNo turtles or boas died due to anticoagulant exposure. However, anticoagulant intoxication was suspected in one iguana dosed with brodifacoum. A few treated ameivas died but exhibited no hemorrhaging. Liver residue levels were higher than whole‐body remainder residue levels for all species. Unlike the other species, turtles had higher diphacinone residue levels than brodifacoum.CONCLUSIONTurtles and boas exhibited a relative insensitivity to diphacinone and brodifacoum, while the lizards appeared to be somewhat more sensitive to these compounds. This study provides data for future assessments of the risks to these species associated with anticoagulant use. Published 2019. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Quantum Computers as Universal Quantum Simulators: State‐of‐the‐Art and Perspectives
Authors: Tacchino Francesco , Chiesa Alessandro , Carretta Stefano , Gerace Dario 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe past few years have witnessed the concrete and fast spreading of quantum technologies for practical computation and simulation. In particular, quantum computing platforms based on either trapped ions or superconducting qubits have become available for simulations and benchmarking, with up to few tens of qubits that can be reliably initialized, controlled, and measured. The present Review aims at giving a comprehensive outlook on the state‐of‐the‐art capabilities offered from these near‐term noisy devices as universal quantum simulators, that is, programmable quantum computers potentially able to calculate the time evolution of many physical models. First, a pedagogic overview on the basic theoretical background pertaining digital quantum simulations is given, with a focus on hardware‐dependent mapping of spin‐type Hamiltonians into the corresponding quantum circuit as a key initial step toward simulating more complex models. Then, the main experimental achievements obtained in the last decade are reviewed, focusing on the digital quantum simulation of such spin models by employing two leading quantum architectures. Their performances are compared, and future challenges are outlined, also in view of prospective hybrid technologies, towards the ultimate goal of reaching the long‐sought quantum advantage for the simulation of complex many‐body models in the physical sciences.
Tutorial: Computing Topological Invariants in 2D Photonic Crystals
Authors: Blanco de Paz María , Devescovi Chiara , Giedke Geza , Saenz Juan José , Vergniory Maia G. , Bradlyn Barry , Bercioux Dario , García‐Etxarri Aitzol 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe field of topological photonics emerged as one of the most promising areas for applications in transformative technologies: possible applications are in topological lasers or quantum optics interfaces. Nevertheless, efficient and simple methods for diagnosing the topology of optical systems remain elusive for an important part of the community. Herein, a summary of numerical methods to calculate topological invariants emerging from the propagation of light in photonic crystals is provided. The fundamental properties of wave propagation in lattices with a space‐dependent periodic electric permittivity is first described. Next, an introduction to topological invariants is provided, proposing an optimal strategy to calculate them through the numerical evaluation of Maxwell's equation in a discretized reciprocal space. Finally, the tutorial is complemented with a few practical examples of photonic crystal systems showing different topological properties, such as photonic valley‐Chern insulators, photonic crystals presenting an “obstructed atomic limit”, photonic systems supporting fragile topology, and finally photonic Chern insulators, where the magnetic permeability is also periodically modulated.
Finite‐time H∞ bumpless transfer control for switched systems: A state‐dependent switching approach
Authors: Yang Dong , Huang Chunxiao , Zong Guangdeng 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThis paper addresses the finite‐time H∞ bumpless transfer control problem for switched systems. The main idea lies in designing a state‐feedback controller with amplitude limitation and a state‐dependent switching law to reduce control bumps caused by switching. First, a local bumpless transfer condition is proposed to limit the amplitude of switching controllers at switching points. Second, by introducing a state‐dependent switching law, a prescribed finite‐time H∞ bumpless transfer control performance is attained even if it does not hold for each subsystem or system state remaining on a switching surface. Third, a sufficient condition verifying the solvability of finite‐time H∞ bumpless transfer control problem is established by resorting to multiple Lyapunov function method. Finally, the effectiveness of developed method is illustrated by a numerical example.
A Novel Double Fluorescence‐Suppressed Probe for the Detection of Hydrazine
Authors: Li Xue , Yin Jiwei , Liu Weiyan , Yang Yutao , Xu Wenzhi , Li Wei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHydrazine is an important raw material in medicine and chemical industry. However, N2H4 is very harmful to the environment and human body. Therefore, the detection of hydrazine is particularly important. In this report, a new type of fluorescence probe based on synergistic effect was developed for the detection of N2H4. The fluorescence of the probe was doubly inhibited by the PET (photo‐induced electron transfer) process and the bridled ESIPT (excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer) process. Upon addition of hydrazine, the interrupted PET process and restored ESIPT worked together leading to the fluorescence enhancement. The probe has good specificity for hydrazine. The LOD (limit of detection) was calculated to be 1.45 ppb (0.045 μM) and the linear range was 0.2‐40.0 μM. The contrast experiment showed that the synergistic effect could improve the sensitivity of the probe to hydrazine. In addition, the probe could be used for the quantitative determination of hydrazine in tap water.
Chemosensor Based on Hydrazinyl Pyridine for Selective Detection of F̄ Ion in Organic Media and CO32− Ions in Aqueous Media: Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Practical Application
Authors: Singh Archana , Mohan Makesh , R.Trivedi Darshak 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTwo new organic receptors, receptors R1 and R2 based on hydrazinyl pyridine have been synthesized for colorimetric detection of fluoride, acetate, and carbonate anions. Receptor R1 selectively recognizes fluoride ions over the other interference anions in the dimethyl sulfoxide based on hydrogen bonding interaction, followed by deprotonation and reflects 1:2 complex formation between the receptor and the fluoride ion. Noticeable, R2 is able to discriminate between fluoride and acetate ions via optical changes despite similar basicity with bathochromic shift of 215 nm and 194 nm. In addition, R1 and R2 exhibit splendid selectivity toward carbonate ions in the aqueous media via visible colour change from pale yellow to aqua with detection limit of 0.51 ppm and 0.47 ppm. The binding mode of fluoride and carbonate to receptor R1 and R2 is supported by Density functional theory calculation. Moreover, receptor R1 and R2 show practical visible colorimetric test strip for the detection of fluoride, acetate, and carbonate ions.
Influence of the pH in Reactions of Boric Acid/Borax with Simple Hydroxyl Compounds: Investigation by Raman Spectroscopy and DFT Calculations
Authors: Bai Chun , Wu Zhijian , Ye Xiushen , Liu Haining , Liu Zhong , Zhang Huifang , Li Quan , Li Jun , Wang Xuming 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe complexation of Boric acid/Borax with hydroxyl compounds is an effective means for the removal and separation of boron in solutions. In this paper, the pH values of the solutions having different molar ratios of boron to hydroxyl compounds including Ethanol, isopropanol, Propanol, 1,2 propanediol, 2,3 butanediol, Glycerol, Xylitol, D‐fructose, D‐sorbitol, and D‐mannitol were determined and analyzed to study the reaction of Boric acid/Borax with different hydroxyl compounds. Solution Raman spectroscopy and DFT calculation were performed to confirm the observations. It was found that the complexation of borate with hydroxyl alcohols follow the order of monohydric alcohols < dihydric and trihydric alcohols < polyols. For polyols, the OH configuration plays very important role in the complexation, and xylitol has the strongest complexation among the polyols at the same molar ratios of boron to polyols.
Procedure Optimization of Limonia acidissima Leaf Extraction and Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis for Prominent Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Aminul Haque M. , Shamim Hossain M. , Akanda Md. Rajibul , Haque Md. Aminul , Naher Shamsun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe authors herein report the optimum conditions for the eco‐friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Limonia acidissima leaf extract as a reductant. The synthesis of AgNPs using the diluted (0.25 g/mL) leaf extract under direct sunlight produced more homogenous nanoparticles within the shortest possible time. The effects of leaf extraction conditions as well as the reaction time, presence/absence of light, and concentration of the leaf extract as a green reductant for AgNP synthesis are extensively investigated. The synthesized AgNPs have a better homogeneity of size and shape (spherical particles with a size of approximately 24–30 nm and an average size of 27 nm), as confirmed by UV‐visible spectroscopy, EDS, and SEM, and the AgNP synthesis was complete within a short time (10 min), as confirmed by colorimetric/optical analysis. The as‐obtained nanoparticles show a prominent antimicrobial activity against most of the resistant human pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus.