bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and lifespan of Culicoides obsoletus s.s. (Meigen) and other livestock‐associated species reared at different temperatures under laboratory conditions
Authors: Barceló C. , Miranda M. A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCulicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) transmit arboviruses affecting wild and domestic ruminants such as bluetongue (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV). The sub‐adult development and lifespan of Culicoides obsoletus s.s. (Meigen), Culicoides circumscriptus Kieffer and Culicoides paolae Boorman were examined at three different temperatures under laboratory conditions. Insects were collected from field between spring and autumn 2015 in two livestock farms located in Majorca (Spain). Gravid females were held individually at 18, 25 or 30 °C. Low temperatures increased the adult lifespan, time to oviposit and rate of development, whereas high temperatures increased the number of eggs, successful pupation and adult emergence as well as the larvae growth rate. The results showed that C. obsoletus s.s. have optimum development at 18 °C, whereas the optimal rearing temperature for C. circumscriptus and C. paolae was under warmer conditions of 25–30 °C. Variations in temperature/humidity and assays with different materials and substrates for oviposition should be considered in future studies. Understanding the requirements of the different species of Culicoides optimizing the results should be of special interest for predicting environmental change effects on these species, in addition to determining the rearing conditions for candidate Culicoides vectors.
The impact of adult behavioural weight management interventions on mental health: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jones Rebecca A. , Lawlor Emma R. , Birch Jack M. , Patel Manal I. , Werneck André O. , Hoare Erin , Griffin Simon J. , van Sluijs Esther M.F. , Sharp Stephen J. , Ahern Amy L. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThere is good evidence that behavioural weight management interventions improve physical health; however, the impact on mental health remains unclear. We evaluated the impact of behavioural weight management interventions on mental health‐related outcomes in adults with overweight or obesity at intervention‐end and 12 months from baseline. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cluster RCTs of adult behavioural weight loss interventions reporting affect, anxiety, binge eating, body image, depression, emotional eating, quality of life, self‐esteem and stress. We searched seven databases from inception to 7 May 2019 and included 43 articles reporting 42 RCTs. Eighteen studies were deemed to be at high risk of bias. We conducted random‐effects meta‐analyses, stratified analyses and meta‐regression using Stata. Interventions generated greater improvements than comparators for depression, mental health‐related quality of life and self‐efficacy at intervention‐end and 12 months from baseline. There was no difference between groups for anxiety, overall quality of life, self‐esteem or stress at intervention‐end. There was insufficient evidence to assess the impact on anxiety, binge eating, body image, emotional eating, affect, life satisfaction, self‐esteem or stress at intervention‐end and/or 12 months from baseline. Although evidence suggests that interventions benefit some aspects of mental health, high‐quality, transparently reported RCTs measuring a range of mental health outcomes over longer durations are required to strengthen the evidence base.
Enrolled nurses' perceptions of providing nutritional care to hospitalised older people in Singapore's acute care setting: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Neo Yi Ling , Hong Leting Isabella , Chan Ee Yuee 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundMalnutrition is a growing challenge in health care as its prevalence among hospitalised older people is expected to intensify alongside the rapidly ageing world's population. Singapore's nursing framework adopts enrolled nurses as the main providers to nutritional care, where nutritional care is a process of screening, assessment, intervention, continuous monitoring and documentation. This is the first Asian study conducted on enrolled nurses' perceptions of nutritional care.ObjectiveTo explore enrolled nurses' perceptions of providing nutritional care to hospitalised older people in Singapore's acute care setting.MethodsThis is a qualitative descriptive study. Individual face‐to‐face semi‐structured interviews using an interview guide were conducted with 15 enrolled nurses from September 2017 to January 2018. The collected data were analysed using content analysis.ResultsFour main categories were identified as follows: (1) The role of enrolled nurses in the provision of nutritional care, (2) Perceived enablers in nutritional care, (3) Perceived challenges in nutritional care and (4) Proposed strategies to improve nutritional care.ConclusionThis study provided insights to the perceived roles of enrolled nurses in nutritional care. It also outlined the enablers and challenges faced by the enrolled nurses and their suggestions to improve nutritional care provision. One critical finding was the need to better engage families and domestic helpers in nutritional care of older people.Implications for practiceTo optimise nutritional care delivery, healthcare institutions should explore ways to engage and involve families and domestic helpers during older patients' mealtimes. Nurses could also educate older people, their families and domestic helpers on the importance of nutritional care during hospitalisation.
A natural diversity screen in Arabidopsis thaliana reveals determinants for HopZ1a recognition in the ZAR1‐ZED1 immune complex
Authors: Baudin Maël , Martin Eliza C. , Sass Chodon , Hassan Jana A. , Bendix Claire , Sauceda Rolin , Diplock Nathan , Specht Chelsea D. , Petrescu Andrei J. , Lewis Jennifer D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPathogen pressure on hosts can lead to the evolution of genes regulating the innate immune response. By characterizing naturally occurring polymorphisms in immune receptors, we can better understand the molecular determinants of pathogen recognition. ZAR1 is an ancient Arabidopsis thaliana NLR (Nucleotide‐binding [NB] Leucine‐rich‐repeat [LRR] Receptor) that recognizes multiple secreted effector proteins from the pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae and Xanthomonas campestris through its interaction with receptor‐like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs). ZAR1 was first identified for its role in recognizing P. syringae effector HopZ1a, through its interaction with the RLCK ZED1. To identify additional determinants of HopZ1a recognition, we performed a computational screen for ecotypes from the 1001 Genomes project that were likely to lack HopZ1a recognition, and tested ~300 ecotypes. We identified ecotypes containing polymorphisms in ZAR1 and ZED1. Using our previously established Nicotiana benthamiana transient assay and Arabidopsis ecotypes, we tested for the effect of naturally occurring polymorphisms on ZAR1 interactions and the immune response. We identified key residues in the NB or LRR domain of ZAR1 that impact the interaction with ZED1. We demonstrate that natural diversity combined with functional assays can help define the molecular determinants and interactions necessary to regulate immune induction in response to pathogens.
Root exudates drive soil‐microbe‐nutrient feedbacks in response to plant growth
Authors: Zhao Mengli , Zhao Jun , Yuan Jun , Hale Lauren , Wen Tao , Huang Qiwei , Vivanco Jorge M. , Zhou Jizhong , Kowalchuk George A. , Shen Qirong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlthough interactions between plants and microbes at the plant–soil interface are known to be important for plant nutrient acquisition, relatively little is known about how root exudates contribute to nutrient exchange over the course of plant development. In this study, root exudates from slow‐ and fast‐growing stages of Arabidopsis thaliana plants were collected, chemically analysed and then applied to a sandy nutrient‐depleted soil. We then tracked the impacts of these exudates on soil bacterial communities, soil nutrients (ammonium, nitrate, available phosphorus and potassium) and plant growth. Both pools of exudates shifted bacterial community structure. GeoChip analyses revealed increases in the functional gene potential of both exudate‐treated soils, with similar responses observed for slow‐growing and fast‐growing plant exudate treatments. The fast‐growing stage root exudates induced higher nutrient mineralization and enhanced plant growth as compared to treatments with slow‐growing stage exudates and the control. These results suggest that plants may adjust their exudation patterns over the course of their different growth phases to help tailor microbial recruitment to meet increased nutrient demands during periods demanding faster growth.
Substance use and abuse in pediatric transplant recipients: What the transplant provider needs to know
Authors: Hayde Nicole 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSubstance abuse is infrequently addressed during pre‐ and post‐transplant care. However, the significant increase in the use of nicotine‐ and marijuana‐containing products in the general and transplant adolescent population is concerning. In addition, alcohol use/abuse remains prevalent in the US population as it is highly accessible. Pediatric transplant providers should be prepared to screen for the use of any of these substances (eg, alcohol, nicotine, marijuana, cocaine, opiates, amphetamines) and to counsel them about the dangers of substance use and abuse including the unique dangers of the substances as a transplant recipient. Formal screening tools (in children as young as 9 years) should always be used as casual assessment of substance abuse has a high failure rate. This review summarizes the substances most commonly used in adolescent transplant recipients and the approach that transplant providers should take in order to prevent, decrease, or halt use in this patient population.
Family functioning in pediatric heart transplantation: Variables associated with poor outcomes
Authors: Tadros Hanna J. , Rawlinson Alana R. , Martin Emily , Pietra Biagio A. , Fricker Fredrick J. , Gupta Dipankar 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFamily functioning is integral in a child’s life and is linked to quality of life in health as well as disease. This has been scarcely studied in pediatric orthotopic heart transplantation (pOHT). In this study, we evaluate demographic and clinical factors associated with family functioning in this patient population. Pediatric post‐transplant families were recruited in an outpatient setting (n = 71). The PedsQL Family Impact Module was administered, along with the Parent and Adolescent Medication Barriers Scales (PMBS; AMBS) and the McArthur socioeconomic scale. Associations between clinical and demographic variables and scaled scores were evaluated. In our sample, patients with congenital heart disease, developmental delay, and enteral feeding had lower total impact (P = .026; P = .011; P = .008) and parent self‐reported HRQL scores (P = .018; P = .012; P = .005). Patients with developmental delay and enteral feeding also had lower family functioning summary scores (P = .025; P = .031). Higher parent educational status was associated with lower total impact scores (P = .043). Higher PMBS scores demonstrated negative correlation with total impact (P < .001), parent self‐reported HRQL (P < .001), and family functioning summary scores (P = .003). Multiple linear regression analysis identified developmental delay, parental education, and PMBS as independent variables associated with family functioning. Our study highlights important factors impacting family functioning in pOHT. Developmental delay, higher parental education, and PMBS were associated with poorer family functioning. Our findings emphasize the need for a multi‐disciplinary approach including serial psychological assessment and interventions in the management of pOHT patients in order to optimize family functioning.
Persistent myocardial atrophy despite LV reverse remodeling in Duchenne cardiomyopathy treated by LVAD
Authors: Cantarutti Nicoletta , Adorisio Rachele , Baban Anwar , Di Molfetta Arianna , Amodeo Antonio , Drago Fabrizio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDCM is the leading cause of death in Duchenne patients. LVADs are considered as therapeutic options as DT in advanced HF. The aim of our study was to evaluate LV remodeling of Duchenne after LVADs and chronic therapy. Demographic and echocardiographic data of 8 Duchenne patients implanted with LVADs were reviewed and analyzed. All measures were collected before LVAD implantation, after 1 month and 1 year. All patients were affected by end‐stage DCM, and mean age at implantation was 16.9 ± 2.9 years. Patients were treated with maximal medical therapy. One‐year post‐implantation HR decreased from a mean of 110 ± 19 bpm to 82 ± 2 bpm (P = .002), and a significant decrease in LV volumes and diameters LVEDD P = .03, LVESD P = .02, EDV P = .01, and ESV P = .02) was noticed together with a significant increase in EF (P = .0036). However, RWT did not change over time, showing an eccentric remodeling pattern pre‐ and post‐LVADs. Our data showed that cardiac atrophy is persistent in Duchenne cardiomyopathy despite the improvement of LV function secondary to a significant ventricular unloading due to LVADs coupled with chronic therapy.
A strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis– A study of Association of Community/Public Health Nursing Educators members
Authors: Kuchler Elizabeth , Garner Linda , Whitten LaDonna , DeBlieck Conni , Farra Sharon , Davis Rebecca , Eardley Debra , Stalter Ann 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveAims of this study were to identify the Association of Community/Public Health Nursing Educators members' demographics, educational preparation, and research competencies; and, to complete a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis.MethodsA descriptive‐correlational design was employed. Primary data collection was via electronic survey. Authors developed a survey focusing on demographics and aligning Benner's theory with research skills/experience. SWOT and gap analyses were performed.ResultsA 27.2% response rate (N = 352) revealed a lack of diversity among 70% doctorally prepared membership, perceived competence with interprofessional collaboration (80%), and applying research to practice (80%). Doctorally prepared members reported experience using longitudinal designs (p = .05). PhD‐prepared members reported experience using psychometrics and evaluations (p = .05). SWOT revealed a lack of service engagement. Gap analysis offered solutions to execute strategic goals.ConclusionsAssociation of Community/Public Health Nursing Educators may enhance future direction by advancing member diversity, professional development, collaborative scholarship, and mentoring.
The potential roles of sponges in integrated mariculture
Authors: Gökalp Mert , Mes Daan , Nederlof Marit , Zhao Hongwei , Merijn de Goeij Jasper , Osinga Ronald 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis mini‐review evaluates the use of marine sponges in integrated culture systems, two decades after the idea was first proposed. It was predicted that the concept would provide a double benefit: sponges would grow faster under higher organic loadings, and filtration by sponges would improve water quality. It is promising that the growth of some commercially interesting sponges is indeed faster in organically enriched areas. The applicability of sponges as filters for undesired microorganisms has been confirmed in laboratory studies. However, upscaled farming studies need to be done to demonstrate the value of sponges for in situ bioremediation of sewage discharge or waste produced by fish cages. In addition, a new idea is presented – the use of sponges as an engine to convert dissolved organic matter (DOM) into particulate organic matter (POM) that can be consumed by deposit feeders through a chain of processes termed the sponge loop. A theoretical design of an integrated culture with seaweeds (Gracilaria sp.), sponges (Halisarca caerulea) and sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonica) shows that 37% of the part of the primary production that is excreted by the seaweeds as DOM can be directly recovered in sponge biomass and a subsequent 12% in sea cucumber biomass after mediation (conversion of DOM to POM) by sponges. Hence, the total recovery of DOM into (sponge and sea cucumber) biomass within this IMTA is 49%.
Impact of Hydrometeorological Events for the Selection of Parametric Models for Protozoan Pathogens in Drinking‐Water Sources
Authors: Sylvestre Émile , Burnet Jean‐Baptiste , Dorner Sarah , Smeets Patrick , Medema Gertjan , Villion Manuela , Hachad Mounia , Prévost Michèle 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTemporal variations in concentrations of pathogenic microorganisms in surface waters are well known to be influenced by hydrometeorological events. Reasonable methods for accounting for microbial peaks in the quantification of drinking water treatment requirements need to be addressed. Here, we applied a novel method for data collection and model validation to explicitly account for weather events (rainfall, snowmelt) when concentrations of pathogens are estimated in source water. Online in situ β‐d‐glucuronidase activity measurements were used to trigger sequential grab sampling of source water to quantify Cryptosporidium and Giardia concentrations during rainfall and snowmelt events at an urban and an agricultural drinking water treatment plant in Quebec, Canada. We then evaluate if mixed Poisson distributions fitted to monthly sampling data ( = 30 samples) could accurately predict daily mean concentrations during these events. We found that using the gamma distribution underestimated high Cryptosporidium and Giardia concentrations measured with routine or event‐based monitoring. However, the log‐normal distribution accurately predicted these high concentrations. The selection of a log‐normal distribution in preference to a gamma distribution increased the annual mean concentration by less than 0.1‐log but increased the upper bound of the 95% credibility interval on the annual mean by about 0.5‐log. Therefore, considering parametric uncertainty in an exposure assessment is essential to account for microbial peaks in risk assessment.
Human dignity research in clinical practice – a systematic literature review
Authors: Lindwall Lillemor , Lohne Vibeke 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundThis literature study describes caring science research on human dignity in different clinical practice. We already know a good deal about human dignity in nursing care but how do patients, nurses, healthcare professionals and next of kin experience human dignity in clinical practice?AimTo summarise studies on human dignity to gain a deeper understanding of how it can be achieved in caring science research and to gain a broader understanding of the differences and similarities across caring contexts. The aim was also to gain a broader understanding of the differences and similarities of human dignity across different clinical practice.MethodThe literature review re‐analysed 28 empirical studies on human dignity are experienced from acute, psychiatric, elderly and rehabilitation care. The data analysis strategy was conducted in a systematic and critical way and consisted of a five‐step method.ResultMaintaining dignity was described when caregivers had the time and the will to see and listen to patient and had the courage to see what they did not want to see, allowing their inner powers to act with the purpose of doing good. In elderly care, it was important that elderly persons are involved as members of society and experience respect, confidence, security and charity. Indignity was described when caregivers did not allow patients to have their will and when they had unethical attitudes, ignoring patients and creating powerlessness. The feeling of being abandoned and not being taken seriously are also described in elderly care.ConclusionFindings show how caregivers fulfil their ethical responsibility by seeing, listening and being a part of the time and place. The will to do good includes the courage to preserve dignity and human value rests on being created as a human being. More research is needed about ethical and moral responsibility in clinical practice.
Loose programming of GIS workflows with geo‐analytical concepts
Authors: Kruiger Johannes F. , Kasalica Vedran , Meerlo Rogier , Lamprecht Anna‐Lena , Nyamsuren Enkhbold , Scheider Simon 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLoose programming enables analysts to program with concepts instead of procedural code. Data transformations are left underspecified, leaving out procedural details and exploiting knowledge about the applicability of functions to data types. To synthesize workflows of high quality for a geo‐analytical task, the semantic type system needs to reflect knowledge of geographic information systems (GIS) at a level that is deep enough to capture geo‐analytical concepts and intentions, yet shallow enough to generalize over GIS implementations. Recently, core concepts of spatial information and related geo‐analytical concepts were proposed as a way to add the required abstraction level to current geodata models. The core concept data types (CCD) ontology is a semantic type system that can be used to constrain GIS functions for workflow synthesis. However, to date, it is unknown what gain in precision and workflow quality can be expected. In this article we synthesize workflows by annotating GIS tools with these types, specifying a range of common analytical tasks taken from an urban livability scenario. We measure the quality of automatically synthesized workflows against a benchmark generated from common data types. Results show that CCD concepts significantly improve the precision of workflow synthesis.
The relationship of membrane stiffness, cytoskeleton structure and storage time of pRBCs
Authors: Sherstyukova Ekaterina , Chernysh Aleksandr , Moroz Viktor , Kozlova Elena , Sergunova Viktoria , Gudkova Olga 
Published: October 2020

Background and ObjectivesIn clinical practice, it has been shown that transfusion of packed red blood cells (pRBCs) with late shelf life increases the risk of post‐transfusion complications. Objective: To study relationship of membrane stiffness, cytoskeleton structure and storage time of pRBCs.Materials and methodspRBCs were processed and stored according to blood bank procedure, for 42 days, at +4°C; pRBC samples were taken on days 3, 12, 19, 21, 24, 28, 35 and 42. Cytoskeleton images and membrane stiffness were studied using atomic force microscope.ResultsIn the course of the pRBC storage, the cytoskeleton network configuration underwent structural changes. Simultaneously, pRBC membrane stiffness was increasing, with the correlation coefficient 0·88. Until 19 days, the stiffness grew slowly, in 19–24 days there occurred a transition period, after which its growth rate was three times higher than the initial. A chain of pathological processes developed in pRBC during long storage: pH reduction (linked to increased oxidative stress), then cytoskeletal destruction and an associated increase in pRBC membrane stiffness.ConclusionDuring prolonged storage of pRBCs and their acidification, there is a progression of pRBC cytoskeletal changes and associated increase of membrane stiffness, observed to increase in rate after days 19–24. Mutual measurements of cytoskeletal integrity and membrane stiffness may be useful quality assessment tool to study the molecular mechanisms of RBC structural degradation during storage.