bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Precision Teaching Framework for Improving Mathematical Skills of Students with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Vostanis Athanasios , Padden Ciara , Chiesa Mecca , Rizos Konstantinos , Langdon Peter E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a precision teaching (PT) framework on the mathematical ability of students with intellectual and developmental disabilities. We also examined if students of moderate mathematical ability could perform as well as their peers with fewer difficulties with their math skills. Sixteen students participated and were divided into three groups. One group engaged in PT, and the other two groups functioned as comparisons. The PT group practiced six skills introduced linearly. An A-B design was used for the five component skills, and a multiple baseline across participants design was used for the composite skill (addition). The intervention led to a significant improvement in all skills, including addition, and this was associated with a large effect size; student performance met or exceeded that of their peers. Overall, the findings suggest that PT is an efficient and effective approach for teaching students with IDDs.
Inferencing Abilities of Deaf College Students: Foundations and Implications for Metaphor Comprehension and Theory of Mind
Authors: Edwards Lindsey , Marschark Marc , Kronenberger William G. , Crowe Kathryn , Walton Dawn 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUnderstanding nonliteral language requires inferencing ability and is an important but complex aspect of social interaction, involving cognitive (e.g., theory of mind, executive function) as well as language skill, areas in which many deaf individuals struggle. This study examined comprehension of metaphor and sarcasm, assessing the contributions of hearing status, inferencing ability, executive function (verbal short-term/working memory capacity), and deaf individuals’ communication skills (spoken versus signed language, cochlear implant use). Deaf and hearing college students completed a multiple-choice metaphor comprehension task and inferencing tasks that included both social-emotional (i.e., theory of mind) and neutral inferences, as well as short-term memory span and working memory tasks. Results indicated the hearing students to have better comprehension of nonliteral language and the ability to make social-emotional inferences, as well as greater memory capacity. Deaf students evidenced strong relationships among inferential comprehension, communication skills, and memory capacity, with substantial proportions of the variance in understanding of metaphor and sarcasm accounted for by these variables. The results of this study enhance understanding of the language and cognitive skills underlying figurative language comprehension and theory of mind and have implications for the social functioning of deaf individuals.
An Efficient Algorithm to Estimate the Potential Barrier Height from Noise-Induced Escape Time Data
Authors: Bódai Tamás 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn algorithm is developed for determining the potential barrier height experimentally, provided that we have control over the noise strength $$\sigma $$
σ
. We are concerned with the situation when the laboratory or numerical experiment requires large resources of time or computational power, respectively, and wish to find a protocol that provides the best estimate in a given amount of time. The optimal noise strength $$\sigma ^*$$

σ
∗

to use is found to be very simply related to the potential barrier height $$\Delta \Phi $$

Δ
Φ

as: $$y^*=\Delta \Phi ^{-1}$$

y
∗

=
Δ

Φ

-
1

, $$y=\sigma ^{-2}-\sigma ^{-2}_\mathrm{a}$$

y
=

σ

-
2

-

σ
a

-
2

, with some “anchor point” $$\sigma ^{-2}_\mathrm{a}$$

σ
a

-
2

; and, as a second ingredient, an iterative method is proposed for the estimation. For a numerical verification of the optimality, we apply the algorithm to a simple system of an over-damped particle confined to a double-well potential, when it is feasible to evaluate statistics of the estimator. Subsequently, we also apply it to a high-dimensional case of a diffusive energy balance model, when the potential barrier height—concerning e.g. the warm-to-snowball-climate transition—cannot be determined analytically, but we would have to resort to more sophisticated numerical methods.
To lie or to mislead?
Authors: Timmermann Felix , Viebahn Emanuel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to argue that lying differs from mere misleading in a way that can be morally relevant: liars commit themselves to something they believe to be false, while misleaders avoid such commitment, and this difference can make a moral difference. Even holding all else fixed, a lie can therefore be morally worse than a corresponding misleading utterance. But, we argue, there are also cases in which the difference in commitment makes lying morally better than misleading, as well as cases in which the difference is not morally relevant. This view conflicts with the two main positions philosophers have defended in the ethics of lying and misleading, which entail either that lying is in virtue of its nature worse than misleading or that there is no morally relevant difference between lying and misleading.
Batch service systems with heterogeneous servers
Authors: van Ommeren Jan-Kees , Baer Niek , Mishra Nishant , Roy Debjit 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBulk-service multi-server queues with heterogeneous server capacity and thresholds are commonly seen in several situations such as passenger transport or package delivery services. In this paper, we develop a novel decomposition-based solution approach for such queues using arguments from renewal theory. We then obtain the distribution of the waiting time measure for multi-type server systems. We also obtain other useful performance measures such as utilization, expected throughput time, and expected queue lengths.
Simulating water productivity of paddy rice under irrigation regimes using AquaCrop model in humid and semiarid regions of Iran
Authors: Pirmoradian Nader , Saadati Zahra , Rezaei Mojtaba , Khaledian Mohammad Reza 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRice production in the world is heavily dependent on water. Therefore, increasing in water productivity with appropriate irrigation management is necessary. Simulation models that illustrate the effects of water on crop growth can apply to optimize water productivity and improve farm irrigation management. This study was conducted to simulate water productivity of paddy rice using AquaCrop model in both humid and semiarid regions of Iran. Required data for running model were gained from two field experiments: an experiment with a lowland local rice cultivar named Champa-Kamfiroozi in a semiarid climate (Kooshkak), and other experiment with two lowland local rice cultivars named Binam and Hasani in a humid climate (Rasht). Both experiments were conducted under five irrigation treatments in two consecutive years. As a result, the relative root mean square error (RRMSE) of grain yield simulation was gained between 2.28 and 15.09%. The ranges of water productivity based on transpiration (WPT) and water productivity based on evapotranspiration (WPET) as affected by irrigation treatments, in dry climate were greater than wet climate. The averages of WPT and WPET for continuous flooding in the humid (1.21 and 0.82 kg m−3, respectively) and dry (1.26 and 0.76 kg m−3, respectively) climates showed the role of evaporation losses in decreasing WP in dry climate. The highest ET was obtained in continuous flooding treatments that the amount of evaporation for dry climate was 88% higher than humid climate.
A Flexible and Lightweight Biomass-Reinforced Microwave Absorber
Authors: Cheng Yan , Seow Justin Zhu Yeow , Zhao Huanqin , Xu Zhichuan J. , Ji Guangbin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDeveloping a flexible, lightweight and effective electromagnetic (EM) absorber remains challenging despite being on increasing demand as more wearable devices and portable electronics are commercialized. Herein, we report a flexible and lightweight hybrid paper by a facile vacuum-filtration-induced self-assembly process, in which cotton-derived carbon fibers serve as flexible skeletons, compactly surrounded by other microwave-attenuating components (reduced graphene oxide and Fe3O4@C nanowires). Owing to its unique architecture and synergy of the three components, the as-prepared hybrid paper exhibits flexible and lightweight features as well as superb microwave absorption performance. Maximum absorption intensity with reflection loss as low as − 63 dB can be achieved, and its broadest frequency absorption bandwidth of 5.8 GHz almost covers the entire Ku band. Such a hybrid paper is promising to cope with ever-increasing EM interference. The work also paves the way to develop low-cost and flexible EM wave absorber from biomass through a facile method.
Bedingte Akzeptanz? Moralische und rechtsethische Dimensionen der Ablehnung künftiger Kinder
Authors: Rothhaar Markus 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungIm Kommentar zum Text von Tatiana Tarkian werden zwei Argumente der Verfasserin einer kritischen Prüfung unterzogen: Zum einen das Argument, dass parentale Tugenden einer Auswahl künftiger Kinder nicht entgegenstehen würde; zum anderen das Argument, dass eine negative Selektion aufgrund von Behinderung keinen diskriminierenden Charakter gegenüber (geborenen) Behinderten habe, wenn die negative Selektion ledgilich aufgrund verbreiteter diskriminierender Urteile in der Gesellschaft erfolge.
Correlation between findings of nuclear magnetic resonance and 3D anorectal ultrasound in patients with suspected deep endometriosis
Authors: Tomiyoshi Murilo Masanobu , Lima Doryane Maria dos Reis , Kurachi Gustavo , Sagae Univaldo Etsuo , Emori Fabiano , Bazzano Barbara 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Endometriosis is defined as endometrial glands and stroma that occur outside the uterine cavity. Although not malignant, ectopic endometrial tissue and the resulting inflammation can cause dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, chronic pain, and infertility. The diagnostic imaging tests most used are nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMR) and ultrasonography (USG).
Methods Correlate the findings of three-dimensional anorectal ultrasound with the NMR findings of the pelvis with intestinal preparation in women with deep endometriosis, through a retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study, evaluating 63 female patients with suspected deep endometriosis with probable involvement intestinal. The evaluation period was from March 2016 to April 2018. Statistical analysis was performed using the kappa agreement to assess the degree of agreement between 3D NMR and USG in relation to the degree of infiltration in the rectal muscle layer, with a confidence interval of 0.272‒0.579, p < 0.001.
Results and conclusion According to the results presented, three-dimensional anorectal ultrasonography proved to be a good diagnostic test in the evaluation of the middle and posterior compartments of deep lesions of endometriosis, and there was a correlation between the NMR findings of the pelvis with intestinal preparation in relation to injuries that invade the muscularis propria of the rectum.
Laser vs microdebrider eustachian tuboplasty for the treatment of chronic adult eustachian tube dysfunction: A systematic review
Authors: Jamil Waqas , Izzat Steve 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesMultiple treatments are described in the literature for the treatment of chronic Eustachian tube dysfunction but high‐level quality evidence seems missing to support these treatments. This systematic review aimed to determine and compare the safety and efficacy of Laser Eustachian tuboplasty and Microdebrider Eustachian tuboplasty as a treatment for long‐term Eustachian tube dysfunction.Data sourcesA total of 12 electronic databases were searched up to April 2018 for published and unpublished literature in the English language. References of included studies were checked.MethodsA systematic review was undertaken. Outcomes assessed were: primary outcomes‐subjective improvement in symptoms (ETDQ‐7), audiometric improvement of hearing, improvement of negative middle ear pressure noticed in tympanometry, objective improvement of tympanic membrane retraction. Secondary outcomes were‐the ability to auto‐insufflate Eustachian tube i.e. Valsalva manoeuvre, improved quality of life, passive tubal opening, tubomanometry, swallowing test, reduction in mucosal inflammation of Eustachian tube orifice in the nose, complications from the procedure, the need for further procedures. Results are reported in a narrative synthesis as a meta‐analysis was not possible due to heterogeneous data.ResultsThree studies were included. All included studies were small‐scale case series (13–38 participants). Studies were conducted outside the UK. Subjective and objective improvement of Eustachian tube function was reported in all studies. But all included studies were at high risk of bias and subject to multiple limitations. No major complications were reported in either study.ConclusionsBased on current evidence, it is not possible to recommend the clinical use of either of these two interventions i.e. Laser or Microdebrider Eustachian tuboplasty. Lack of controlled studies was identified as a gap in the evidence. Future research should be directed toward designing randomised controlled trials. These trials should use strict standard methodology and reporting criteria. Future trials should make use of consensus statement document about Eustachian tube dysfunction definition, diagnostic methods, and outcome assessment criteria to design clinical trials.
ON THE DIAGONAL LEMMA OF GÖDEL AND CARNAP
Authors: SALEHI SAEED 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA cornerstone of modern mathematical logic is the diagonal lemma of Gödel and Carnap. It is used in, for example, the classical proofs of the theorems of Gödel, Rosser, and Tarski. From its first explication in 1934, just essentially one proof has appeared for the diagonal lemma in the literature; a proof that is so tricky and hard to relate that many authors have tried to avoid the lemma altogether. As a result, some so-called diagonal-free proofs have been given for the above-mentioned fundamental theorems of logic. In this paper, we provide new proofs for the semantic formulation of the diagonal lemma, and for a weak version of the syntactic formulation of it.
Methods for Improving Screening for Vascular Cognitive Impairment Using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
Authors: Zaidi Khush-Bakht , Rich Jill B. , Sunderland Kelly M. , Binns Malcolm A. , Truong Linda , McLaughlin Paula M. , Pugh Bradley , Kwan Donna , Beaton Derek , Levine Brian , Sahlas Demetrios J. , Dowlatshahi Dariush , Hassan Ayman , Mandzia Jennifer ,   The ONDRI Investigators, Troyer Angela K. , Swartz Richard H. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT:Background:Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) post-stroke is frequent but may go undetected, which highlights the need to better screen cognitive functioning following a stroke.Aim:We examined the clinical utility of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in detecting cognitive impairment against a gold-standard neuropsychological battery.Methods:We assessed cognitive status with a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests in 161 individuals who were at least 3-months post-stroke. We used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to identify two cut points for the MoCA to maximize sensitivity and specificity at a minimum 90% threshold. We examined the utility of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, a processing speed measure, to determine whether this additional metric would improve classification relative to the MoCA total score alone.Results:Using two cut points, 27% of participants scored ≤ 23 and were classified as high probability of cognitive impairment (sensitivity 92%), and 24% of participants scored ≥ 28 and were classified as low probability of cognitive impairment (specificity 91%). The remaining 48% of participants scored from 24 to 27 and were classified as indeterminate probability of cognitive impairment. The addition of a processing speed measure improved classification for the indeterminate group by correctly identifying 65% of these individuals, for an overall classification accuracy of 79%.Conclusions:The utility of the MoCA in detecting cognitive impairment post-stroke is improved when using a three-category approach. The addition of a processing speed measure provides a practical and efficient method to increase confidence in the determined outcome while minimally extending the screening routine for VCI.
DESIGNING AN EXPERIMENT FOR EVALUATING SEATING POSITIONS IN PARALYMPIC ROWING
Authors: Eikevåg S. W. , Kvam A. , Bjølseth M. K. , Erichsen J. F. , Steinert M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhen designing high performance sports equipment for Paralympic athletes, there are many unknowns for the design engineer to consider. The design challenge is an optimisation task per individual athlete. However, modelling this optimisation is difficult due to the many variables. This article presents the design of an experiment for identifying and evaluating various seating positions in Paralympic rowing by using a rowing ergometer with a modified seat. Results indicate that changing seating position has a substantial impact on per-athlete rowing performance.
DESIGN MODIFICATION OF AN INNOVATIVE SPLIT-SINGLE TWO-STROKE ENGINE
Authors: Zahn A. , Diwisch P. , Rieg F. , Alber-Laukant B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA prototype of an innovative split-single two stroke engine is presented. With the aim of increasing the power-to-weight ratio for later mobile use, the individual engine components have to be revised. The focus is on the development process for the redesign of the crankcase. Through a preliminary examination of the necessary CAx systems, an iterative process chain that combines suitable synthesis and analysis tools is derived. This includes the design of the machine elements, a numerical strength verification using FEM and preparing the model for machining.
IDENTIFY CRITICAL DATA DURING PRODUCT CUSTOMISATION – A CASE STUDY OF ORTHOSES FABRICATION
Authors: Tan X. , Chen W. , Cao J. , Ahmed-Kristensen S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBig data provides high volume of data to inform product customisation. Understanding which data is relevant remains a challenge. A method is proposed to identify relevant data to inform data-driven customisation. A case study regarding customisation of orthoses was conducted. Verbal protocol analysis was employed to extract time spent on major fabrication phases. Data related to patients, therapists and fabrication time was analysed. Results showed that the number of stabilised joints, experience of therapists and whether the design is for in- or out-patient are key factors for customisation.
STRUCTURING AND CONTEXTUALIZING HISTORICAL DATA FOR DECISION MAKING IN EARLY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Sigsgaard K. V. , Agergaard J. K. , Bertram C. A. , Mortensen N. H. , Soleymani I. , Khalid W. , Hansen K. B. , Mueller G. O. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIt is important to be able to compare and evaluate different solutions early in development. This paper proposes a method for structuring historical data into a data model that can support the evaluation of new design concepts. The data is contextualized by linking it to a hierarchical decomposition of existing products. Two case studies were conducted to evaluate the value of using historical data when evaluating new concepts. The cases confirm that the proposed method is useful for evaluation of new concepts.
A CONCEPTUAL MODEL COMBINATION FOR THE UNIFICATION OF DESIGN AND TOLERANCING IN ROBUST DESIGN
Authors: Grauberger P. , Goetz S. , Schleich B. , Gwosch T. , Matthiesen S. , Wartzack S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn design engineering, the early consideration of tolerance chains contributes to robust design. For this, a link of design and tolerancing domains is essential. This paper presents a combination of the graph-based tolerancing approach and the Contact and Channel approach to link these domains. The combined approach is applied at a coinage machine. Here it provides detailed insights into state-dependent relations of embodiment and functions, which can improve robustness evaluation of the concept. This approach shows a possibility to bridge the gap between design and tolerancing domains.
EXPLORING CHALLENGES WITH DESIGNING AND DEVELOPING SHORE CONTROL CENTERS (SCC) FOR AUTONOMOUS SHIPS
Authors: Dybvik H. , Veitch E. , Steinert M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe concept of remotely operated, unmanned, and autonomous ships is creating increasing interest in the maritime domain, promising safety, increased efficiency and sustainability. Shore control centers (SCCs) have been proposed to operate such vessels and some industry projects are initiated. This paper aims at bringing knowledge about what a SCC is envisioned to be. It identifies and explores challenges related to designing and developing SCCs through semi-structured interviews with the research community and industry. We discuss tasks, functions and interactions between human and machine.
THE HEALTHCARE DESIGN DILEMMA: PERILS OF A TECHNOLOGY-DRIVEN DESIGN PROCESS FOR MEDICAL PRODUCTS
Authors: Wilke H. , Badke-Schaub P. , Thoring K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper reports an embedded single case study from a globally operating manufacturer for digital healthcare products. Based on nine semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and a diary study among employees, we were able to gain insights on the daily business routines and interactions of the design team, the UX research team, and the product management department. The results revealed several unexpected insights that indicate a practical mismatch between user-centred design processes learned from the textbook and design practice in the healthcare sector that warrant further research.
TOWARDS AUTOMATED CLASSIFICATION OF PRODUCT DATA BASED ON MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Schleibaum S. , Kehl S. , Stiefel P. , Müller J. P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractModern machine learning methods have the potential to supply industrial product lifecycle management (PLM) with automated classification of product components. However, there is only little work in the literature on this topic. We propose to apply supervised machine learning on component meta-data. By analysing an industrial case study, we identify requirements and opportunities for automating classification, e.g. in part numbers and product structures. We validate our novel approach through a classification experiment comparing four machine learning methods on a realistic component dataset.
BARRIERS TO HUMAN CONNECTIVITY AND THE DESIGN OF MORE COLLABORATIVE COWORKING SPACES
Authors: Mandeno P. , Baxter W. L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCoworking spaces – the most prevalent form of collaborative workplaces – are said to offer the ideal solution for a new generation of creative knowledge workers, balancing flexibility and independence with structure and community. Recent studies, however, highlight deficiencies as they relate to the promise of ‘community’ made by most coworking spaces. This work reports 16 barriers that impede the process of human connectivity in coworking spaces that emerged from in-depth interviews with 26 coworkers. Suggestions are made for how these barriers might inform more effective workplace design.