bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroimmune predictors of outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Ermakov S V , Karpov S M , Вaturin V A , Belokon O S , Mozheiko R A 
Published: October 2020

Aim. To determine the possibility of predicting the course and outcomes of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) by using the detection of autoantibody level to neurospecific proteins.
Methods. The autoantibody level to neurospecific proteins was detected in 65 people: 30 healthy volunteers and 35 with a confirmed diagnosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Autoantibodies to myelin basic protein (MBP), peripheral myelin, dopamine receptors, myosin, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and S100 protein detected by using an enzyme immunoassay. The severity of illness in dynamics was defined in all patients by using the following scales: Rivermead mobility index, HuntHess, Graeb and others. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10.0, with the consistent use of descriptive statistics methods, the MannWhitney, KruskalWallis and Pearson tests, Spearman coefficient.
Results. At the first stage, neurospecific proteins characterized by a large increase in autoantibody titers were identified. Further, based on the data obtained, a statistically significant correlation between autoantibody titers to S100 protein (360.4340.35 g/ml, p 0.05), MBP (145.9112.43 g/ml, p 0.05), NMDA receptors (66.176.42 g/ml, p 0.05) and aSAH outcome was established.
Conclusion. The study revealed an increase in autoantibody level to neurospecific proteins in the blood plasma of patients, depending on the severity of subarachnoid hemorrhage and the development of delayed cerebral ischemia due to cerebral vasospasm; high antibodies titers to S100 protein in subarachnoid hemorrhage are associated with cerebral vasospasm and the development of secondary (delayed) ischemic changes in the brain.
Evaluation of Seismic Hazard Models with Fragile Geologic Features
Authors: Stirling Mark W. , Oskin Michael E. , Arrowsmith J. Ramon , Rood Anna H. , Goulet Christine A. , Grant Ludwig Lisa , King Tamarah R. , Kottke Albert , Lozos Julian C. , Madugo Chris M. , McPhillips Devin , Rood Dylan H. , Sleep Norman H. , Wittich Christine E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe provide an overview of a 2019 workshop on the use of fragile geologic features (FGFs) to evaluate seismic hazard models. FGFs have been scarcely utilized in the evaluation of seismic hazard models, despite nearly 30 yr having passed since the first recognition of their potential value. Recently, several studies have begun to focus on the implementation of FGFs in seismic hazard modeling. The workshop was held to capture a “snapshot” of the state-of-the-art in FGF work and to define key research areas that would increase confidence in FGF-based evaluation of seismic hazard models. It was held at the annual meeting of the Southern California Earthquake Center on 8 September 2019, and the conveners were Mark Stirling (University of Otago, New Zealand) and Michael Oskin (University of California, Davis). The workshop attracted 44 participants from a wide range of disciplines. The main topics of discussion were FGF fragility age estimation (age at which an FGF achieved its current fragile geometry), fragility estimation, FGF-based evaluation of seismic hazard models, and ethical considerations relating to documentation and preservation of FGFs. There are now many scientists working on, or motivated to work on, FGFs, and more types of FGFs are being worked on than just the precariously balanced rock (PBR) variety. One of the ideas presented at the workshop is that fragility ages for FGFs should be treated stochastically rather than assuming that all share a common age. In a similar vein, new studies propose more comprehensive methods of fragility assessment beyond peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity-based approaches. Two recent studies that apply PBRs to evaluate probabilistic seismic hazard models use significantly different methods of evaluation. Key research needs identified from the workshop will guide future, focused efforts that will ultimately facilitate the uptake of FGFs in seismic hazard analysis.
Evaluation of Ilizarov technique in the treatment of open fractures of tibia
Authors: Debnath Debdulal , Islam Jihadul , Huda Nazmul , Shameem M. A. A. 
Published: October 2020

Background: Now a day, open fracture of tibia is a common occurrence in the orthopedic treatment arena. Fundamentally, open fractures of tibia are classified into type I, II, IIIA, IIIB and IIIC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Ilizarov technique in the treatment of open fractures of tibia.Methods: This was an observational prospective study conducted in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Northern International Medical College& Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2017 to December 2017. Thirty-six (36) patients with tibial fractures were selected as the study population. This study was approved by the ethical committee of the respective medical college.Results: Out of total 36 participants, 65% were males and 35% were female. In analyzing mode of injuries, we found the highest 80.56% participants were from road accidents followed by 11.11% from sports injury and rest only 8.33% from general falls. The duration of treatment with the fixator was 12-23 weeks (average 16 weeks). In our study total 36 cases were debrided on the same day and stabilized with Ilizarov ring faxator after a period of 5 to 12 days from the date of injury. The operation time ranged from 90 minutes to 120 minutes (Mean 102±4 minutes). Conclusions: In this study no case developed deep infection, non-union or unacceptable mal-union. The construct through Ilizarov is stable and enables the patient to bear weight on the affected limb a short time after the surgery, even in cases of comminuted fractures.
An observational study to determine the effectiveness of treatment of dental caries in management of non-specific recurrent/chronic pharyngitis
Authors: U. Jagadeeswaran V. , Marthandam Jagadeesh , Kumar Sathish 
Published: October 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic pharyngitis is a common inflammatory condition of the pharynx, which has long duration and various etiological factors attributed to it. The most common local constant source of infection causing chronic pharyngitis are rhinitis, sinusitis and laryngopharyngeal reflux. The management for the above etiology is mostly symptomatic. In majority of the cases in spite of symptomatic treatment there is no relief for the patient and the non- specific conditions have to be considered in those cases. One such non-specific condition is chronic dental caries due to poor oral dental hygiene.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective observational study was carried out in the ENT and dental department for over a period of one year at our tertiary care hospital after obtaining institutional ethical committee clearance. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 50 out of the 67 patients who had chronic dental carries and who were on chronic medication for non-specific chronic pharyngitis benefitted from dental treatment.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Patients with long duration medication for symptomatic treatment of non-specific chronic pharyngitis, if presented along with chronic dental carries, it’s recommended to do initial treatment for dental caries management. Awareness has to be created among all individuals about oral dental hygiene.</p>
Endoscopic endonasal pituitary adenoma surgery: our surgical experience in 116 patients
Authors: Potdukhe Krishna Vikas , Patel Kalpesh , Vishwakarma Rajesh 
Published: October 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the outcome of excision in terms of gross and partial resection rates compared to the grades of pituitary adenoma (based on Hardy-Vezina classification). We also evaluated the post-operative complications and the effect of resection on visual outcomes and endocrinological remission.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We retrospectively analysed 116 patients who underwent surgical resection of pituitary adenoma via endonasal trans-sphenoidal approach at Civil Hospital (Ahmedabad) between March 2013 and March 2019 and collected pre-operative and post-operative data in terms of imaging, endocrine function and vision. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> According to the postoperative imaging data and endocrine examination results, gross-total resection (GTR) was achieved in 79.3% (92 patients), and partial (PR) in 20.6% (24 patients) which was significant (p&lt;0.05). Improvement in vision was seen in 62% (40 patients out of 64 patients). Out of 44 patients having endocrine dysfunction, endocrinological remission was achieved in 32 patients with functional adenomas (72.7%). Sinusitis followed by headache was the most common minor complication seen in the study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery is a valuable treatment option for patients having grade 3 or lower pituitary adenomas, which leads to gross total resection in comparison to patients having grade 4 adenoma. It also results in high rate of surgical decompression and better visual outcome. Partial resection may result in endocrinological response in functional tumors.</p>
A rare case of pediatric intranasal lobular capillary hemangioma
Authors: Schild Sam D. , Irizarry Rachel , Plum Ann 
Published: October 2020

<p class="abstract">Pediatric nasal cavity vascular tumors express a wide variety of pathologies. Lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH) is an acquired benign vascular growth of skin and mucosa whose etiology remains unknown, though trauma and hormonal influences are implicated. Although well documented in the head and neck literature for children age five or less, it is a rarity within the nasal cavity and has yet to be documented in the mid-septum. We describe a unique case of intranasal LCH and review the current literature. A nine-year-old male presented with one week of profuse intermittent unilateral epistaxis and no history of nasal trauma. Rhinoscopy revealed a pink, pedunculated mass of the right mid-nasal septum at the bony-cartilaginous junction. CT and MRI imaging were consistent with an expansile vascular lesion receiving prominent bilateral sphenopalatine artery supply. Following embolization, en bloc endoscopic surgical excision of the lesion using cold dissection was performed with no bony or cartilaginous involvement noted. The epistaxis resolved following resection. Final histology confirmed the mass as a lobular capillary hemangioma. Paediatric intranasal LCH is a rare entity, yet warrants consideration in our differential diagnosis of pediatric vascular tumors. Our study indicates these lesions can develop in the mid-septum despite the absence of a vascular plexus. Preoperative embolization should be considered for pediatric nasal cavity tumors due to concern for hemorrhage. Endoscopic wide local excision is an appropriate and effective treatment. </p>
Successful paediatric tympanoplasy – An overview
Authors: Thantry Deepalakshmi , Raj K Vishnu , S G Mahesh , P Devan P , Bhandary Rukma 
Published: October 2020

Paediatric tympanoplasty is regarded by many as being less successful than in adults due to higher incidence of otitis media. In our study, we are trying to determine the pre-operative conditions that influence the success of paediatric tympanoplasty and construct a prognostic index for the same.To determine which pre-operative conditions or surgical technique may influence the success of pediatric tympanoplasty and to construct a prognostic index for the same.40 children between 8-15 years were included in this prospective study between June 2018- August 2019 in Department of ENT, in our institution. Pure Tone Audiograms were recorded pre and post operatively.The positive outcomes measured were integrity of tympanic membrane, minimum of 10decibel gain in auditory threshold and air filled space in middle ear. Higher success rate was observed in cases with elder age group (12-15 years), shorter duration of ear discharge, longer period of dry ear and small size of perforation.Tympanoplasty in children is a current and controversial theme. We have made a novice attempt to define factors that predict success or failure in paediatric tympanoplasty.
„On to dla nas grzechem uczynił tego, który nie znał grzechu” (2 Kor 5,21a): Rozumienie Pawłowej wypowiedzi w historii egzegezy
Authors: Siemieniec Tomasz 
Published: October 2020

Autor artykułu szuka odpowiedzi na pytanie, jak w historii egzegezy interpretowano wypowiedź Apostoła Pawła z 2 Kor 5,21a o tym, że Bóg uczynił Chrystusa grzechem. Artykuł składa się z kilku części uszeregowanych chronologicznie. Najpierw przedstawiona została interpretacja 2 Kor 5,21a przez teologów epoki patrystycznej (zwłaszcza Orygenesa, Cyryla Aleksandryjskiego, Grzegorza z Nazjanzu, Grzegorza z Nyssy, Jana Chryzostoma, Augustyna z Hippony). Następnie omówiono teologów średniowiecznych na czele z Anzelmem z Canterbury. Trzecim etapem było zwrócenie uwagi na Marcina Lutra, Jana Kalwina oraz innych teologów czasu Reformacji. Ostatni punkt stanowi ukazanie interpretacji 2 Kor 5,21a przez teologów nowożytnych. Zauważono, że egzegeci epoki nowożytnej w swoich badaniach nawiązują do owoców pracy teologów wcześniej żyjących. W interpretacji 2 Kor 5,21a wyróżnić można trzy najważniejsze tendencje, które widzą tutaj odniesienie do wcielenia Syna Bożego, do Jego śmierci rozumianej jako ofiara za grzech i do szeroko rozumianej rzeczywistości grzechu, z którą zmierzył się Jezus Chrystus.
Abundance, Activity, Diversity, and Species Interactions of Ground-Dwelling Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Open Versus Canopied Habitats in Central Georgia (USA)
Authors: Ipser Reid M. , Gardner Wayne A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), and ground-dwelling ant species native to Georgia were observed and studied in tree-canopied and open uncanopied habitats in two state parks in central Georgia. Population density, native species diversity, and interactions of native species with each other and with the invasive S. invicta were determined and compared in the two habitats. Sampling methods included pitfall traps, baits, collection of leaf litter, and visual searches. In comparison to the open uncanopied habitats, red imported fire ant population density was lower in tree-canopied habitats, and native ant species diversity was greater in the canopied habitats. We also observed native species competing with red imported fire ants more intensely in canopied than in open habitats primarily by foraging activity and by predation of S. invicta reproductives. Our results suggest that native ant species can suppress S. invicta population numbers and density and that competition by native ant species should be considered in approaches of managing red imported fire ant.
Effects of Irradiation on Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) First through Third Instars in Sweet Cherries1
Authors: Neven Lisa G. , Wakie Tewodros 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a serious pest of apple (Malus domestica [Borkh.]), pear (Pyrus communis [L.]), and occasionally, stone fruit (Prunus persica [L.]). Its presence in sweet cherries is rare and presumed to occur in areas where high populations in pome fruits occur near sweet cherries, Prunus avium (L.). Nevertheless, the potential of codling moth residing in a sweet cherry destined for an export market, especially to Asian Pacific countries, has led to the continued use of methyl bromide, an ozone-depleting fumigant, to prevent the accidental spread of this pest. Over the past 20 yr, internationally accepted alternative phytosanitary treatments using ionizing radiation have been developed. This is the first report of an irradiation dose response of codling moth in sweet cherries. We treated the first three instars of codling moth in export-quality sweet cherries and found that the third instar was the most radio-resistant, requiring a dose of approximately 250 Gy to prevent adult emergence. This dose is higher than those reported for fifth-instar codling moth in apples and artificial diet but should not delay any efforts in using this highly effective treatment to meet quarantine restrictions against this pest.
Hand hygiene adherence among Iranian nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nouri Bijan , Hajizadeh Mohammad , Bahmanpour Kaveh , Sadafi Mahsa , Rezaei Satar , Valiee Sina 
Published: October 2020

Background & Aim: Adherence of nurses to hand hygiene is important for the prevention of healthcare-associated infections. This study aims to systematically review the existing studies that assess Iranian nurses' adherence to hand hygiene and estimate their amount with meta-analysis.
Methods & Materials: We performed a systematic search for peer-reviewed journals published from 2005 to 2018. The systematic search was conducted using both international (Google Scholar, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Sciences) and Iranian databases (Scientific Information Database, IranMedex, Magiran, and MedLib). The search was carried out using a combination of the following terms: “adherence”, “compliance”, “hand hygiene”, “nurse”, “Iran”, “nursing practice”, “nursing”, and “guidelines”. The combinations of these words with Boolean operators like ‘AND’, ‘OR’ and ‘NOT’ were used.
Results: A total of 22 articles were used in the final analyses. The pooled proportion of hand hygiene adherence was 40.5 percent [95% confidence interval [CI]: 31.1–49.8]. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that the overall estimated pooled proportion of hand hygiene adherence did not vary significantly with the elimination of any of the 22 studies, observer or self-reported hand hygiene, instrument of measurement, unit of measurements, sample size, and time.
Conclusion: The level of adherence of Iranian nurses to hand hygiene can potentially increase the chance of healthcare-associated infections and put patients and nurses at risk. Hospital and nursing managers should take practical steps to investigate factors contributing to the failure of hand hygiene adherence among nursing staff. They should ensure the continuous implementation of hand hygiene improvement strategy.
Newly hired nurses’ transitional challenges and coping with caring for schizophrenia patients in a psychiatric training hospital
Authors: Culimay Padagas Reynold , Vinnie Panuelos John , Franco Odoya Kim , Cabardo Rhencel , Pierre Louise Castro Vincent , Ann Manio Mary , Nabablit Alexandrae , Angela Papilla Mikaela 
Published: October 2020

Background & Aim: This study aimed to explore the transitional challenges of newly hired psychiatric nurses in the care of clients with schizophrenia and the coping mechanisms that they use to overcome their transitional challenges.
Methods & Materials: This descriptive-qualitative study interviewed six purposively selected newly hired psychiatric nurses caring for patients with schizophrenia who work for about six months to two years in a Psychiatric Training Hospital in the Philippines. An interview protocol was used to obtain data with strict observance of relevant ethical considerations. In determining the emerging themes and subthemes from the transcribed data with trustworthiness, thematic analysis was employed.
Results: Two major prior codes were explored, namely, transitional challenges and coping mechanisms. On the one hand, five subthemes emerged under the transitional challenges that include emotional challenges, need for professional growth, nurses’ recognition of the inability to patient care management, need support from more experienced colleagues. Experience/feel the shock in the encounter of people with a mental health condition. On the other hand, four subthemes were unearthed under coping mechanisms that include emotional responses, professional coping strategies (i.e., reliance on the adequate support system, establishing the professional nurse-patient relationship, call to professional advancement, and commitment to evidence-based practice), and institutional coping strategies.
Conclusion: While newly hired nurses experience tremendous transitional challenges, their coping mechanisms continuously emerge and develop. The nursing administration needs to foster sustainable mentoring and resilience programs essential in aiding newly hired nurses’ adaptation and adjustment to the professional work environment.
Classification of paralic channel sub-environments in an ancient system using outcrops: The Cretaceous Gallup system, New Mexico, U.S.A.
Authors: Lin Wen , Ferron Curtis , Karner Sean , Bhattacharya Janok P. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTDistinguishing trunk channels and delta-plain distributary channels in ancient systems can be difficult due to poor or incomplete data (e.g., limited outcrop or sparse well data). Accurate channel classification is required to reconstruct the plan view of channel networks in a paralic fluvio-deltaic system and to quantify source-to-sink systems. Channel formative mechanisms, such as allogenic versus autogenic and avulsion versus bifurcation, also remain equivocal. In this paper we classify channel types and quantify their discharge and dimensions in an ancient paralic depositional system of the Late Cretaceous Gallup system, New Mexico, in a recently developed high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework. Six key facies associations are identified and integrated into a detailed facies architectural analysis using bedding diagrams from two outcrop cliffs. Backwater lengths are calculated and used for interpretation of channel forming mechanisms and classification of channel types. Two types of channels are interpreted in the study area: meandering fluvial avulsive distributary channels formed in the upstream backwater region in an upper delta plain with a paleodischarge of 280–410 m3/s, and terminal distributary channels in a subaqueous lower delta plain with a paleodischarge of 80–190 m3/s. The results show that upper-delta-plain fluvial distributary channels are formed by erosive avulsion and resemble fluvial meandering rivers characterized by laterally accreting point bars and a wide range of paleocurrents, whereas terminal distributary channels are formed by both avulsion and bifurcation and show more aggradation with lateral confinement and relatively larger width-to-depth ratios of individual channel stories. The quantification of channels and their depositional system provides new data from a well-known ancient system for the global database and comparison with other modern and ancient systems.