bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Detection of Rickettsia felis in Haemaphysalis longicornis Ticks in Anhui Province of China
Authors: Liu Bo-Yu , Luo Wan-Rong , Chen Zhen , Ren Cui-Ping , Hong Ying , Yu Dong-yang , Gao Yue , Zhu Yu , Yang Li , Liu Yan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundRickettsia felis causes febrile illness in humans. There is no information on the organism in Anhui Province of China.MethodsQuesting ticks were collected from Anhui Province of China and tick DNA was used as template for nested PCR (or real-time PCR) to amplify Rickettsia felis with 16S rRNA gene (rrs), 17kDa protein gene and orfB gene.ResultsPCR results indicated that 0.22% (2/907) ticks were positive to R. felis. Sequence analysis of the partial rrs and 17 kDa protein genes showed R. felis in ticks was highly homologous with R.felis URRWXCal2 with similarity of 98.91% and 99%, respectively.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated the first evidence of R. felis in H. longicornis ticks from Anhui Province of China, suggesting that a potential transmission of R. felis to humans through tick bite in China.
Identifying Chinese Medicine patterns of Tension-type Headache (TTH) and its implication on understanding TTH subgroups
Authors: Hao Xinyu , Liang Fanrong , Wang Linpeng , Greenwood Kenneth Mark , Xue Charlie Changli , Li Ying , Zheng Zhen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Acupuncture is commonly used to relieve tension-type of headache (TTH), however, there is a lack of consistent approach of devising acupuncture interventions for TTH due to limited evidence for symptom patterns according to Chinese medicine. This study aimed to identity common Chinese medicine symptom patterns of TTH.Methods We applied a validated Chinese Medicine Headache Questionnaire to a group of headache sufferers. The questionnaire consisted of information about headache, aggravating and relieving factors and accompanying symptoms. The Migraine Disability Assessment Test (MIDAS) was used to assess disability and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) for the level of stress. Information about comorbidities was collected. The modified International Headache Society TTH diagnostic criteria (ICHD-II) were used to screen the participants. Principal component analysis was used for factor extraction and Two-Step cluster analyses for clustering. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare cluster groups in disability and stress.Results In total 170 participants, including 114 females and 56 males, met the selection criteria. The commonest headache features were continuous pain (64%) and fixed location (74%). Headache was aggravated by overwork (74%), stress (74%), and mental strain (70%) and relieved by sleeping (78%). The commonest accompanied symptoms were fatigue (71%) and neck stiffness (70%). Four clusters were identified with 46, 34, 46 and 44 participants in Clusters 1-4, respectively. Assessed by experts, the four clusters could be assigned to three different patterns, including Ascendant hyperactivity of Liver-Yang (Cluster 1), Dual Qi and Blood deficiency (Cluster 2), Liver depression forming Fire (Cluster 3), and an Un-labelled group (Cluster 4). The four clusters differed in their key signs and symptoms. Additionally, over 75% participants in clusters 1 and 2 were episodic TTH, over one third in Cluster 3 having chronic TTH, and the majority in Cluster 4 were in-frequent TTH. The three patterns identified also differed in levels of disability and some elements of coping as measured with PSS.Conclusion The three symptom patterns identified are common clinical presentations of TTH. The new information will contribute to further understanding of the subtypes of TTH and guide the development of targeted interventions, including acupuncture, for clinical practice and research.
The association of healthy lifestyle behaviors with mental health indicators among adolescents of different family affluence
Authors: Maenhout Laura , Peuters Carmen , Cardon Greet , Crombez Geert , DeSmet Ann 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Healthy lifestyles may contribute to better mental health, which is particularly important in adolescence, an age at which half of all mental health problems first occur. This association may be even more relevant in adolescents of low family affluence, who show more mental health problems, as well as more unhealthy lifestyles. This study investigated the healthy lifestyle behaviors, namely sufficient sleep and physical activity, daily breakfast intake, low levels of alcohol use or smoking, in relation to mental health and mental health problems (feelings of depression, anxiety, stress and self-esteem) among adolescents from different family affluence. Furthermore, the moderating role of family affluence was examined in those relations.Methods Adolescents aged 12-18y were recruited via a random sample of schools. A total of 1037 adolescents participated (M age=15.2, 49.8% female). Multiple linear regression analyses assessed the association between healthy lifestyles and mental health outcomes and the moderating role of family affluence.Results All healthy lifestyle behaviors were associated with at least one mental health outcome. Adolescents from low-medium family affluence had lower levels of physical activity, less often took breakfast, and reported lower self-esteem than adolescents from high family affluence. The results only showed a moderating effect of family affluence for smoking in relation to stress: at low levels of smoking, high family affluence youngsters experienced more stress symptoms than low-medium family affluence youth. At high levels of smoking, low-medium family affluence youth, however, experienced more stress symptoms than high family affluence youth.Conclusion These findings support the value of integrating healthy lifestyle behaviors in interventions for mental health promotion, for both youth of low-medium and high family affluence.
Salicylic acid application alleviates Cadmium accumulation in brown rice by modulating its shoot to grain translocation in rice
Authors: Feijuan Wang , Haifeng Tan , Yiting Zhang , Lihong Huang , Yanfei Ding , ZhiXiang Chen , Cheng Zhu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination has been recognized as a major threat to the agricultural system and crop production which posing serious threat to human health. Salicylic acid (SA) serves as an important signaling molecule and plays an important role in against Cd toxicity. In the previous field experiments, we found SA spraying could reduce the Cd accumulation of rice grain grown in Cd-contaminated soil. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of SA spraying on leaves of rice seedlings under Cd stress. Results showed that SA treatment could alleviate the Cd toxicity of rice not by changing the physical and chemical properties of the soil, but by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes to reduce the H 2 O 2 accumulation in rice. And the key factor of SA treatment reducing Cd accumulation in rice grain was the decreasing of Cd contents in rice leaves at the flowering stage. This indicated that SA could modulate the Cd accumulation of shoots to reduce the Cd translocation to rice grain. Furthermore, SA could increase the H 2 O 2 contents in a short-term to activate the SA-signaling pathway, and modulate the expression levels of Cd transporters ( OsLCT1 and OsLCD ) in rice leaves toraise Cd tolerance and reduce Cd accumulation in rice grain. Thus, SA spraying can be used as an effective measure to cope with Cd contamination in paddy soils.
Low program access despite high burden of sexual, structural, and reproductive health vulnerabilities among young women who sell sex in Kenya
Authors: Roberts Elizabeth , Ma Huiting , Bhattacharjee Parinita , Musyoki Helgar K , Gichangi Peter , Avery Lisa , Musimbi Janet , Tsang Jenkin , Kaosa Shem , Kioko Japheth , Becker Marissa L , Mishra Sharmistha 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Across Sub-Saharan Africa, young women who sell sex (YSW) face institutional barriers in accessing sexual health and HIV prevention programs designed for female sex workers. In 2018, Kenya developed a national framework to guide service provision for YSW aged 14 – 24 years. To help inform the implementation of the framework, we estimated the burden of vulnerabilities related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and program contact among YSW. Methods: We used data from Transitions, a 2015 bio-behavioural cross-sectional survey of 408 YSW aged 14 – 24 years in Mombasa, Kenya. We estimated the prevalence of sexual (inconsistent condom use), structural (financial, violence), and reproductive health vulnerabilities; and characterized engagement with local HIV programs tailored to sex workers. We then compared the prevalence of vulnerabilities by age group (14 – 18 years, N=117; 19 – 24 years, N=291) and by program contact (ever contacted by local program for sex workers). Results: 47.3% reported inconsistent condom use in the previous week with little variability by age. Structural vulnerabilities were common and did not vary by age: 83.6% did not have a regular source of income; 29.9% and 29.2% had experienced physical and sexual violence, respectively. 26.5% reported at least one pregnancy before age 18, and 18.5% used a non-reliable form of contraception with little variability by age. 25.7% were aware of at least one program, and only 13.7% of YSW had ever been contacted by a program (8.5% of those aged 14 – 18 years; and 15.8% of those aged 19 – 24 years, p=0.06). Sexual, structural, and reproductive health vulnerabilities did not vary by program contact. Conclusions: SDG-related vulnerabilities begin early in the lives of YSW and current programs are not reaching them. Kenya’s 2018 national framework for YSW service provision offers an opportunity - via a pragmatic and rights-based paradigm shift in health services - to reduce vulnerabilities at the intersection of adolescence and sex work.
Role of Indigenous Dryland Agroforestry System for Biodiversity Conservation and Carbon Storage in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Manaye Ashenafi , Tesfamariam Berihu , Tesfaye Musse , Werku Adefires , Gufi Yirga 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : Agroforestry (AF) is an age-old practice in the farming system of Ethiopian dry lands. So far, several studies conducted in the ﬁeld of AF focused on system design, soil fertility management and system interactions. Less emphasis has been given to the biodiversity and climate change mitigation aspects. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the woody species diversity, biomass carbon (C) and soil organic carbon (SOC) stock of the dry land indigenous AF practices. A total of 197 smallholder farmers representing four AF practices were systematically selected from three agroecologies. Woody species inventory was done on the randomly established plot of each farm. Results : A total of 59 species, belonging to 48 genera and 32 families were recorded. Shannon diversity index (H’) of highland agroecology was higher in-home garden AF while in the midland and lowland the higher H’ was recorded in parkland AF. Smallholding ecosystem C stocks (sum of total biomass C and SOC 0 –60 cm) ranged from 77 to 135 Mg ha−1.The mean total biomass C stock of woodlot AF practice (31 Mg C ha-1) was significantly higher than the other three AF practices. SOC stocks (0–60 cm) were greater in boundary planting (113 Mg C ha-1) followed by the home garden (109 Mg C ha-1) and woodlot (97 Mg C ha-1) AF practices. Conclusions : The woody species diversity of highland agroecology was higher in-home garden AF while in the midland and lowland the higher species diversity was recorded in parkland AF. As compared to other AF systems, our study revealed that rotational woodlot and boundary planting AF practice accounts higher biomass and SOC stock, respectively. Finally, our work concluded that indigenous AF system is a win-win solution to address the biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation of the dryland ecosystem.
Metabolic Engineering of Zymomonas moblis for Ethylene Production
Authors: He Yan , Wu Bo , Xia Wei , Zhao Kun-Yang , Tan Qiong , Qin Yao , Liu Pan-Ting , Yu Qin-Hui , Hu Guo-Quan , He Mingxiong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Biological ethylene production via the ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE) can offer a promising sustainable alternative approach for fossil-based ethylene production. The high stress tolerance of Z. mobilis make it as promising bio-ethylene producer.Results: In this study, Heterologous expression of the efe gene in Z. mobilis successfully converted the non-ethylene producing strain into an ethylene producer. What’s more, we systematically performed the effect of knocking out the competitive metabolic pathway of pyruvate and the addition of nutrients to the medium to improve the ethylene production in Z. mobilis. These optimization pathways and different substrate supplies resulted in higher ethylene productivity (from 1.36 to 12.83 nmol/OD600/ml), which may guide future engineering work on ethylene production in other organisms to further improve ethylene productivity. Meanwhile, we obtained ethylene production of 5.8 nmol/OD600/ml in strain ZM532-efe by using enzymatic hydrolysate of corn straw as the sole carbon source. This is also the first report on the production of ethylene from cellulosic biomass.Conclusions: These results indicate that the engineered Z. mobilis show great potential for production of ethylene from cellulosic biomass in the future.
Activity in Nature Mediates a Park Prescription Intervention’s Effects on Physical Activity, Park Use and Quality of Life: A Mixed-Methods Process Evaluation
Authors: Petrunoff Nick , Yao Jiali , Sia Angelia , Ng Alwyn , Ramiah Anbumalar , Wong Michael , Han Jane , Tai Bee Choo , Uijtdewilligen Léonie , Mueller-Riemenschneider Falk 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: This process evaluation explored the implementation and mechanisms of impact of a Park Prescription intervention trial (PPI), including the effects of hypothesised mediators (motivation, social support, recreational physical activity [PA], park use and park PA ) on trial outcomes. Methods: Participants from the community were randomly allocated to intervention (n=80) or control (n=80) group. The intervention included baseline counselling, a prescription of exercise in parks, materials, three-month follow-up counselling and 26 weekly group exercise sessions in parks. Process evaluation indicators were assessed at three- and six-months. Implementation indicators included participation rates in intervention components and survey questions plus focus group discussions (FGDs) to understand which components participants valued. FGDs further assessed barriers and facilitators to intervention participation. To explore mechanisms of impact, linear regression was used to compare objectively measured PA between quantiles of group exercise participation. Structural equation modelling (SEM) explored hypothesised mediation of the significant intervention effects. Framework analysis was conducted for FGDs. Results: Participants were middle-aged (mean 51, SD ± 6.3 years), predominantly female (79%) and of Chinese ethnicity (81%). All intervention participants received baseline counselling, the park prescription and materials, whilst 94% received the follow-up counselling. Mean minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA/week (95% CI) differed by group exercise participation (p=0.018): 0% participation (n=18) 128.3 (69.3, 187.2) minutes, >0-35.9% participation (n=18) 100.3 (36.9, 163.6) minutes, >35.9-67.9% participation (n=17) 50.5 (-4.9, 105.9) minutes and >67.9% participation (n=18) 177.4 (122.0, 232.8) minutes. Park PA at three-months had significant mediating effects (95% CI) on recreational PA 26.50 (6.65, 49.37) minutes/week, park use 185.38 (45.40, 353.74) minutes/month, park PA/month 165.48 (33.14, 334.16) minutes and psychological quality of life score 1.25 (0.19, 2.69) at six-months. Prioritising time with family and preferences for unstructured activities were barriers to intervention participation. Human interaction via follow-up or group exercise were facilitators. Conclusion: This process evaluation showed park PA consistently mediated effects of the PPI, suggesting activity in parks was a mechanism of its effects. To optimise effectiveness, participants’ preference for prioritising time with family through family involvement and tailoring the intervention to participants’ preferences for structured or unstructured PA could be considered in future studies.
Knowledge Of Glaucoma And Associated Factors Among Adults In Gish Abay Town, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Bizuneh Zewdu Yenegeta , Tsega Ayanaw , Addis Yezinash , Admassu Fisseha 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Glaucoma is a global public health problem and it is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Even though public knowledge of glaucoma is a key for early case identification and prevention of blindness, it is unknown in the study area, making provision of interventions difficult. Therefore, this study was intended to assess knowledge of glaucoma and associated factors among adults in Gish Abay town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018Methods A Community based cross - sectional design study with systematic random sampling technique was used to select 630 adults. The study was conducted from April to May, 2018. Data was entered into Epi Info version 7 and was analysed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. Binary logistic regression model and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence level was used to identify the significant factors associated with knowledge of glaucoma. Variables with P–value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results About 594 adults were participated with a response rate of 94%. Above half of (52%) the participants were females with median age of 28 years. The proportion of good knowledge was demonstrated in 16.8% [95% CI; 14.0, 19.9]. Educational status: primary education [AOR; 2.89: 1.41, 5.90], secondary education [AOR; 3.03: 1.47, 6.24] college and above [AOR; 5.18: 2.21, 12.13], history of eye examination [AOR; 6.52: 3.37, 12.63]; family history of glaucoma [AOR; 12.08: 4.13, 35.30] and higher income level [AOR; 3.11: 1.55, 6.25] were positively associated with good knowledge of glaucoma.Conclusions The proportion of good knowledge of glaucoma was low. Higher educational status, positive family history of glaucoma, eye examination and higher income level were significantly associated with knowledge of glaucoma. Key words: Knowledge, Glaucoma, Associated factors, Gish Abay, Ethiopia.
Dynamical processes in a multi-motor gear drive of heavy slabbing mill
Authors: Krot Pavlo V. 
Published: December 2019

A real case study is represented of abrupt failures in a new multi-motor gear drive of vertical rolls in the heavy slabbing mill. Modal analysis is conducted, and the lowest torsional vibration modes are verified by the data from an industrial plant. Conditions of parametric resonances due to variable stiffness of teeth are determined within the range of working speed. The branched gear drive is investigated by the non-linear dynamical model with backlashes. It is shown that instantaneous dynamic loads in driveline are strongly dependent on the difference in gap sizes and phase shift between two intermediate gears in the output gear wheel coupling. Deviation in electrical parameters by 0.5 % is considered as the additional cause of not equal load sharing of parallel motors. Results of this research allowed preventing further failures of the gearbox and optimizing slabbing mill control. The proposed approach can be used in other multi-motor machines.
Nonlinear free vibration analysis of levy plates using weak-form variational principle in polynomial displacement functions
Authors: Onodagu P. D. , Okonkwo V. O. , Aginam C. H. 
Published: December 2019

This paper evaluates nonlinear free vibrations of Levy plates using Weak-Form variational principle in algebraic polynomial displacement functions. The energy functional of the plate problem was formulated using Weak-Form variational technique on the integral function of the Von Karman thin plate differential equations. The displacement functions were developed based on static deflection configurations of orthogonal beam network. The process of repeated direct integration on compatibility equation was used to determine the algebraic expressions for stress function. The amplitude of deflection which directly influences the geometric nonlinearity of the plate was determined using integration process on energy functional based on static equilibrium equations. The modal combination method was used to develop the stiffness and mass matrices respectively from the expressions of energy functional based on dynamic equilibrium equations. The numerical values of amplitudes of deflection at various aspect ratios were computed. Also, the first four nonlinear natural frequencies at various aspect ratios were numerically computed. The validation of the present study’s results using the results from previous work found in literature shows satisfactory convergence, with an absolute mean error of 0.186 %. Conclusively, the application of Weak-Form variational principle in polynomial displacement functions provides satisfactory approximation to nonlinear dynamic analysis of Levy plates.
Social Attitudes to Public Prosecution: Theory and Practice
Authors: Shabarov D. V. , Gubin V. A. , Mayorov V. A. 
Published: December 2019

The research featured the approaches to the study of social attitudes to public prosecution. The results were used as the theoretical basis for the development and testing of the complex of diagnostic measures "Representation of Public Prosecution". The complex consisted of projective techniques aimed at identifying social attitudes to public prosecution. The proposed complex is an integral part of the Comprehensive Program for the Training of Newly Hired Prosecutors of the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation. The program was developed on the basis of the St. Petersburg Prosecutor's Office by V. A. Gubin and D. V. Shabarov in 2019. It identifies interests and predisposition to various types of prosecutorial activities. The program makes it possible to create an individual vocational and educational route in the framework of training newly hired prosecutors. It also determines the professional orientation and social settings of the new employees, their system of ideas about the environment of prosecutorial activities, their self-esteem and ability to perform this activity, the degree of professional value orientations, and interest in professional activity. The methods may be useful for district prosecutors that mentor young specialists in various institutions and form an individual training plan. In addition, the presented methods can be of some help to those employees of bodies and institutions of the prosecutor's office who decided to change the type of supervisory activity. The article describes an analysis of one of the methods of the Complex, namely the Projective methodology "20 definitions of the concept of "prosecutor's office". It was developed and successfully tested in practice by V. A. Gubin and D. V. Shabarov in 2019. The methodology identifies the cognitive component of social representations of prosecutorial activity.