bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomic hydrogen clues to the formation of counterrotating stellar discs
Authors: Young Lisa M , Krajnović Davor , Duc Pierre-Alain , Serra Paolo 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
We present interferometric H i observations of six double-disc stellar counterrotator (‘2σ’) galaxies from the ATLAS3D sample. Three are detected in H i emission; two of these are new detections. NGC 7710 shows a modestly asymmetric H i disc, and the atomic gas in PGC 056772 is centrally peaked but too poorly resolved to identify the direction of rotation. IC 0719, the most instructive system in this study, shows an extended, strongly warped disc of ∼43 kpc diameter, with a faint tail extending towards its neighbour IC 0718. The gas has likely been accreted from this external source during an encounter whose geometry directed the gas into misaligned retrograde orbits (with respect to the primary stellar body of IC 0719). In the interior, where dynamical time-scales are shorter, the H i has settled into the equatorial plane forming the retrograde secondary stellar disc. This is the first direct evidence that a double-disc stellar counterrotator could be formed through the accretion of retrograde gas. However, the dominant formation pathway for the formation of 2σ galaxies is still unclear. The ATLAS3D sample shows some cases of the retrograde accretion scenario and also some cases in which a scenario based on an unusually well-aligned merger is more likely.
Interaction between RECQL4 and OGG1 promotes repair of oxidative base lesion 8-oxoG and is regulated by SIRT1 deacetylase
Authors: Duan Shunlei , Han Xuerui , Akbari Mansour , Croteau Deborah L , Rasmussen Lene Juel , Bohr Vilhelm A 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOGG1 initiated base excision repair (BER) is the major pathway for repair of oxidative DNA base damage 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG). Here, we report that RECQL4 DNA helicase, deficient in the cancer-prone and premature aging Rothmund-Thomson syndrome, physically and functionally interacts with OGG1. RECQL4 promotes catalytic activity of OGG1 and RECQL4 deficiency results in defective 8-oxoG repair and increased genomic 8-oxoG. Furthermore, we show that acute oxidative stress leads to increased RECQL4 acetylation and its interaction with OGG1. The NAD+-dependent protein SIRT1 deacetylates RECQL4 in vitro and in cells thereby controlling the interaction between OGG1 and RECQL4 after DNA repair and maintaining RECQL4 in a low acetylated state. Collectively, we find that RECQL4 is involved in 8-oxoG repair through interaction with OGG1, and that SIRT1 indirectly modulates BER of 8-oxoG by controlling RECQL4–OGG1 interaction.
HrrSA orchestrates a systemic response to heme and determines prioritization of terminal cytochrome oxidase expression
Authors: Keppel Marc , Hünnefeld Max , Filipchyk Andrei , Viets Ulrike , Davoudi Cedric-Farhad , Krüger Aileen , Mack Christina , Pfeifer Eugen , Polen Tino , Baumgart Meike , Bott Michael , Frunzke Julia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Heme is a multifaceted molecule. While serving as a prosthetic group for many important proteins, elevated levels are toxic to cells. The complexity of this stimulus has shaped bacterial network evolution. However, only a small number of targets controlled by heme-responsive regulators have been described to date. Here, we performed chromatin affinity purification and sequencing to provide genome-wide insights into in vivo promoter occupancy of HrrA, the response regulator of the heme-regulated two-component system HrrSA of Corynebacterium glutamicum. Time-resolved profiling revealed dynamic binding of HrrA to more than 200 different genomic targets encoding proteins associated with heme biosynthesis, the respiratory chain, oxidative stress response and cell envelope remodeling. By repression of the extracytoplasmic function sigma factor sigC, which activates the cydABCD operon, HrrA prioritizes the expression of genes encoding the cytochrome bc1-aa3 supercomplex. This is also reflected by a significantly decreased activity of the cytochrome aa3 oxidase in the ΔhrrA mutant. Furthermore, our data reveal that HrrA also integrates the response to heme-induced oxidative stress by activating katA encoding the catalase. These data provide detailed insights in the systemic strategy that bacteria have evolved to respond to the versatile signaling molecule heme.
Sodium intake, health implications, and the role of population-level strategies
Authors: Aljuraiban Ghadeer S , Jose Arun Pulikkottil , Gupta Priti , Shridhar Krithiga , Prabhakaran Dorairaj 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Evidence to date suggests that high sodium intake affects health adversely, yet the role of a population-level strategy to reduce sodium intake is often contested. This review focuses on current available evidence on regional sodium intake levels, health implications of sodium intake, and population-level strategies implemented worldwide. The limitations in evidence, the difficulties in implementing population-wide strategies to reduce sodium intake, and the need for such strategies are critically reviewed. Evidence clearly shows that sodium has an adverse effect on blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. However, whether reduced sodium intake benefits all individuals or only hypertensive individuals is still unclear. Methodological issues and publication bias in current evidence are other matters of concern in sodium-related research. While it is essential to continue working toward the World Health Organization’s target of 30% reduction in sodium intake, due consideration should be given to improving the quality of research, reducing bias in publications, and reviewing evidence more critically.
Regularity of Desingularized Models for Vortex Filaments in Incompressible Viscous Flows: A Geometrical Approach
Authors: Li Siran 
Published: May 2020

SummaryWe establish the regularity of weak solutions for the vorticity equation associated to a family of desingularized models for vortex filament dynamics in 3D incompressible viscous flows. These generalize the classical model ‘of an allowance for the thickness of the vortices’ due to Louis Rosenhead in 1930. Our approach is based on an interplay between the geometry of vorticity and analytic inequalities in Sobolev spaces.
Ultrasound-Guided Single-Penetration Block for Sciatic and Saphenous Nerve Versus The Traditional Double Penetration Popliteal- Sciatic/Saphenous Technique for Leg and Foot Surgery
Authors: Kamel A Y , Talkhan S A , Ahmad H A , Galal M A , Ali M A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
A new approach is described to blocking the sciatic and saphenous nerves in the proximal thigh (level of the lesser trochanter or immediately below) using a single-penetration technique. The popliteal-sciatic approach necessitates repositioning of the leg exposing the popliteal fossa and an extra injection for the saphenous nerve (SAN) block at the midthigh level.

Aim of the Study
The aim of this work is to compare between the new single-penetration block technique for block of the SCN and SAN at proximal thigh and the traditional popliteal sciatic nerve block at popliteal fossa with saphenous nerve block at adductor canal technique for leg and foot surgery.

Subjects and Methods
This prospective single blinded randomized parallel group study was conducted to compare between the ultrasound guided single penetration block technique for sciatic and saphenous nerve at proximal thigh to the traditional popliteal sciatic nerve block at popliteal fossa and saphenous block at adductor canal.

Results
Performance time was significantly faster with the single penetration technique median time 6.33 minutes (range, 3-10 minutes) versus 12.57 minutes (range from 8-20 minutes) (P &lt; 0.001), respectively Positioning time was also significantly shorter with the single penetration block technique compared to the traditional block combination technique that is median time 0 minutes (range, 0-0 minutes) versus median time 5.78 minutes (range 3-10 minutes) (P &lt; 0.001), respectively. No other statistically significant differences were recorded.

Conclusions
The single penetration block resulted in significantly faster performance time and reduced positioning time with statistically equal efficacy in relation to pain assessment, nausea, meperdin demand, dermatomal anesthesia, and motor blockade. The single penetration block is statistically an equally effective alternative to the traditional popliteal-sciatic/saphenous block combination for leg and foot surgery, but it is faster, requires only 1 skin penetration, and does not require repositioning of the leg.
The Relationship Between Random Blood Sugar Level and Arrhythmias After CABG
Authors: Sayed A M A , Mansour W A A , Abdelnaiem M A , Abdelsalam A A M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Arrhythmia is a major complication of CABG and it happens in 30 % of patients after CABG . Arrhythmias represent a significant source of morbidity and mortality. Mainly have a benign course, it may prolong the icu stay and rarely may lead to mortaility. Postoperative arrhythmias (POAs) include atrial tachyarrhythmia's (ATs) and to a lesser extent ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) and Brady arrhythmias The outcome of arrhythmia depends on several factors like underlying cardiac function, patient’s comorbidities, arrhythmia duration, and ventricular response rate. So, POAs could be tolerated in some patients and a source of morbidity and mortality in others.

Objective
We aim to analyze the relationship between serum random blood sugar concentration (BS) and arrhythmias after CABG.

Methodology
We conducted a retrospective cohort study on 60 patients patients who underwent isolated elective on pump CABG divided in two groups group A arrhythmia group and group S non arrhythmia group patient clinical and procedure characters was notice and recorded Serum blood sugar.

Results
History of DM .insluin Intake, postoperative Mean AND Maximum BS and post operative drainage volume showed statistically significance (p-value &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
The predictors of postoperative Arrhythmias after CABG are hyperglycemia, history of Insluin intake and postoperative drainage volume. In particular, hyperglycemia and postoperative Arrhythmias after CABG were found to have a very strong association. Therefore, we believe that BS control should reduce the incidence of AF after CABG.
Comparative study between Fentanyl with (Lidocaine and Bupivicaine) Versus (Lidocaine and Bupivicaine) alone in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in Upper Limb Surgeries
Authors: Elsebaay S A , Elgendy H A , Afifi M M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Post operative pain and stress is a very known complication of many surgical procedures which represents a burden for the patient and associated with many complications including stress, myocardial ischemia, prolonged hospital stay and the need of extensive post operative analgesia.

Aim of the Work
to study the effect of Fentanyl as an adjuvant to bupivacaine and Lidocaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block. After taking approval from Local Ethical Committee approval and informed written consent from each patient, this randomized prospective comparative study was conducted on 60 patients who were divided into two groups: Group A (Control group): 20 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine + 6 ml of lidocaine hydrochloride 2% + 1 ml of Normal Saline 0.9%. Group B (Fentanyl group): 20 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine + 6 ml of lidocaine hydrochloride 2% + 1ml of fentanyl 50 ug/ml.

Results
our study showed that addition of a 50 microgram of fentanyl to bupivacaine and lidocaine in ultrasound-guided supraclavicular nerve block has statistically significant effect on the onset of sensory and motor block and prolonged the duration of the sensory and the motor block. In addition, fentanyl prolonged the duration of analgesia of the plexus block significantly, as proved by the time of request of first analgesia. Moreover, in fentanyl group, postoperative analgesic requirements were greatly lesser than that of bupivacaine and lidocaine groups. Addition of fentanyl also did not affect the hemodynamic to a significant level

Conclusion
fentanyl with bupivacaine and lidocaine more superior than the use of bupivacaine and lidocaine alone.
Ketofol vs Dexamedetomidine Effect on Conscious Sedation for Patients with Chronic Nonsurgical Low Back Pain
Authors: Salama N E Y , El Shebiny A A , Kamaleldin D M , Abdeldaim A , Fawaz M M A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Context
Treatment of low back pain is challenging. A variety of therapeutic interventions is available, but no single modality appears to be superior, and evaluations vary depending on the cause of pain and on individual, social, and occupational factors. Scientific evidence supports the use of some nonsurgical treatment alternatives in patients with acute and chronic low back pain. Dexmedetomidine had been successfully used in conscious (moderate) sedation as a good competitive to the popular agent (midazolam). Also different concentrations of ketamine and propofol combinations (ketofol) have been used for procedural sedation and analgesia.

Objective
The aim of this study is to compare the effect of dexamedetomidine and ketofol on conscious sedation in patients undergoing non-surgical interventions for chronic low back pain regards the efficacy of sedation, hemodynamic stability, respiratory effects, speed of recovery, analgesic effects and incidence of complications.

Methodology
This study was conducted in Ain Shams University affiliated hospitals on 60 patients of both sexes between 30 and 50 years old, of ASA physical status I–II scheduled for nonsurgical intervention for chronic low back pain. In the current study, the patients were randomly divided into 2 equal groups of 30 patients each. Patients received either sedation with Ketofol (group K) or Dexmedetomidine (group D).

Results
As regards the demographic data (age, sex and body weight); there was no statistically significant variation between the two study groups. This provided a uniform platform to evenly compare the results obtained. Concerning the duration of the procedure, the time recorded for each patient showed statistically non-significant difference between the two groups. Regarding sedation of the patients during the procedure evaluated according to Ramsay sedation score, there was a highly significant difference between the two groups (p-value &lt; 0.001), where the dexmedetomidine group needed more time (17.71 ± 2.86 min) to reach the targeted Ramsay sedation score (3-4) to commence the surgical procedure while the ketofol group needed less time (9.79 ± 1.87 min) to reach the same score.

Conclusion
Both drugs provided hemodynamic stability althrough the procedure although dexmedetomidine group showed lower heart rates and lower mean arterial blood pressures towards the end of the procedure which makes it difficult to be used in older population or those having low baseline heart rates. Both drugs proved to be safe concerning respiration, SPO2 and CO2 values, however dexmedetomidine showed higher respiratory rates during the procedure.
Comparative study between Bilateral U/S guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block versus local wound infiltration for post-operative pain management in lower abdominal surgeries
Authors: Nafie M M H , Mahmoud D S , Kamal M M , Mohie A G M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Poorly controlled acute pain after abdominal surgery is related to somatic pain signals derived from the abdominal wall and is associated with a variety of unwanted post-operative consequences, including patient suffering, distress, respiratory complications, delirium, myocardial ischemia, prolonged hospital stay, an increased likelihood of chronic pain, increased consumption of analgesics, delayed bowel function and increase the requirement for rescue analgesics. Appropriate pain treatment protocols to reduce postoperative morbidity, improve the results of the surgery and decrease hospital costs.

Objective
to assess the postoperative analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block compared local wound infiltration after lower abdominal surgery regarding the pain relief, effect on hemodynamics, requirement of first supplemental doses of analgesia and total number of doses received.

Patients and Methods
All patients were informed with the procedure US guided TAP block and were trained to use the visual analogue scale (VAS). The study was conducted on 100 randomly chosen patients aged 25 to 55 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I or II scheduled for lower abdominal surgery in Ain Shams University Hospitals after approval of the medical ethical committee. They were allocated in two groups of 50 patients each:

Results
The results of the study revealed that there is Patients receiving TAP block had significantly lower pain scores for 12 h after operation and decrease total need of analgesic in first 24 h post operative compared with patients who received wound infiltration.

Conclusion
Bilateral TAP block was effective in reducing postoperative pain scores at rest and movement for 8-12hours and lower total 24-h postoperative opioid and analgesic consumption after lower abdominal surgeries under general anesthesia, compared to local wound infiltration..
Prolonged QT Interval and Troponin Level as Predictors of Clinical Outcome in Spontaneous Intra-cerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Kamel A M , Abdelfatah A M , Ammar M A A , Khadraway O A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for approximately 20% of all strokes among the Western population. Although huge progress has been made in the management of ischemia, ICH remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The case fatality rate of ICH at 1 month is around 10% to 50%, and less than one survivor out of two is independent at 1 year.
Aim of this Study to detect the prognostic value of prolonged QTc interval and Troponin level in clinical outcome of patients with spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage.

Patients and Methods
This prospective randomized observational study was conducted on fifty adult patients, admitted to ICU of Al Arish general hospital, North Sini, Egypt, presented with acute intracranial hemorrhage diagnosed by non-contrast CT brain. Measurement of serum Troponin level was done at admission then after 24 hours. A 12-lead resting ECG examination was done within 30 min of emergency department admission and then after 24 hours. The QT interval was measured manually by a single person, from the onset of the QRS complex to the point at which the T wave ends. It was measured for 3 to 5 consecutive beats and averaged. Lead II was chosen for this purpose as most normal reference ranges are based upon measurements from this limb lead. Full assessment for all patients at discharge from intensive care unit according to modified RANKIN scale (MRS).

Results
our study showed 43 cases (86%) were diagnosed as intracranial hemorrhage and 7 cases (14%) were diagnosed as subarachnoid hemorrhage and the mean of age was [61.38±6.87]. Hypertension was diagnosed in 40 patients (80%) and diabetes was diagnosed in 20 patients (40%).
In this study, long QT syndrome was present in only 21 cases (42%) and troponin elevated in 6 cases only (12%).

Conclusion
Prolonged QT interval has a poor predictive value of intracranial hemorrhage prognosis. On the other side Troponin has a very significant predictive value of poor prognosis.
The Effect of Pectoralis Major Block type 1 (PECS 1) on intraoperative general anesthetic requirements and postoperative analgesic requirements for breast cancer patients Undergoing Mastectomy
Authors: Kamel A M A , Abosleimah A A A , Elgharabawy W , Elemary Y I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
In describing how patients feel after surgery, Armitage stated that “slapping the patient on the face and telling him or her that it’s all over is a complete inversion of the truth” because as far as the patient is concerned, “it is often just the beginning.” Although the current armamentarium of analgesic drugs and techniques is impressive, effective management of postoperative pain still poses some unique challenges in the ambulatory setting.The increasing number and complexity of operations being performed on an outpatient basis has presented anesthesia practitioners with new challenges with respect to acute pain management.Outpatients undergoing day-care procedures require a perioperative analgesic technique that is effective, has minimal side effects, is intrinsically safe.The pectoral nerves (Pecs) block types I and II are novel techniques to block the pectoral, intercostobrachial, third to sixth intercostals, and the long thoracic nerves. They may provide good analgesia during and after breast surgery.

Objective
In a selected category of patients undergoing mastectomy for breast cancer, we compare the intraoperative anesthetic requirements and postoperative analgesic requirements in patients receiving PECS block type I besides general mode of anesthesia, to patients undergoing general mode of anesthesia alone, hence assessing the anesthetic and analgesic role of PECS block type I in mastectomy.

Patients and Methods
Type of Study: Randomized Controlled double blind Clinical Trial study. Study Setting: After obtaining approval from the medical ethical committee in Ain Shams University, this study will be conducted in Ain Shams University hospitals operating rooms. Study Period: From October 2018 to March 2019.

Results
Going through the process and results of our study it’s been noticed that performing the PECS block besides general anesthesia as an anesthetic and analgesic technique in patients suffering from breast cancer and undergoing mastectomy, has effectively resulted in: Decreased intraoperative general anesthetic requirements, hence avoiding all probable complications of general anesthesia, and enriching the role of regional targeted anesthesia or to be more precise combining multiple modes of anesthesia to obtain optimum results. Intraoperative vital stability due to adequate analgesia hence decreased need for intraoperative opioids administration and as a result decreased complications as delayed recovery and postoperative nausea and vomiting. Good postoperative pain control accompanied with adequate levels of satisfaction, hence decreased levels of postoperative rescue analgesic requirements (Nalbuphine).

Conclusion
Pecs block offers significant advantages in terms of decreased intraoperative anesthetic requirements, post-operative pain relief, post-operative rescue drug consumption, PONV and overall patient satisfaction.