bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parallel Implementation of hybrid scheme for simulation of heat flow within a Wavy Square Enclosure with line heat source filled with nanofluid under Magnetic field effect
Authors: Nishad Surabhi , Bhargava Rama 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the present paper, the hybrid meshfree method with parallel algorithm has been implemented to simulate natural convection inside a wavy square enclosure with a line heat source placed on the right vertical wall of the cavity. The fluid is assumed to be a ‐waterbased nanofluid where single‐phase model is used in two dimensions. The computations are performed for variation of the Rayleigh number, Hartmann number, positions of the heat source as well as size of the heat source. The results are shown in terms of streamlines, isotherms, and Nusselt numbers. Such problems have direct applications for effective cooling or heating of the enclosures with the heat sources.
Heat and mass transfer analysis in unsteady MHD flow of aluminum alloy/silver‐water nanoliquid due to an elongated surface
Authors: Ashwinkumar G. P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe current article presents an analytical study of an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow of Al50Cu50/Ag‐water nanofluid over an elongated surface with thermal radiation and thermal diffusion effects. The flow is caused by an elongated plate, and the flow governing partial differential equations are transmuted into ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transmutations. The regular perturbation technique is employed to resolve the transmuted equations. The results obtained describe the influence of pertinent parameters over usual flow fields, which are presented via plots, and the expressions procured for skin friction factor and rate of thermal and diffusion transport are comprehensibly portrayed in a tabular mode. The outcomes stipulate that the thermal transport performance of Al50Cu50‐water nanofluid is moderately high as compared with Ag‐water nanofluid. Also, the thermal radiation and chemical reaction parameters have a tendency to augment the rate of mass transfer.
Heat transfer analysis of inclined magnetic field and activation energy in Maxwell nanofluid with thermophoresis effects
Authors: Prabhakar Besthapu , Mabood Fazle 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNumerical analysis is performed for incompressible Maxwell nanofluid model flow under the implications of thermophoresis and inclined magnetic field over a convectively stretched surface. The system that comprises differential equations of partial derivatives is remodeled into the system of ordinary differential equations via similarity transformations and then solved through by Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg with shooting technique. The physical parameters, which emerge from the derived system, are discussed in graphical formats. Excellent proficiency in the numerical process is analyzed by comparing the results with available literature in limiting scenarios. The significant outcomes of the current investigation are that the velocity field decays for higher fluid parameters while that peter out the fluid temperature. Further, the heat transfer rate is reduced with the incremental values of fluid and thermophoresis parameters while it uplifts with Biot and Prandtl numbers.
Prognostic significance of postsurgery circulating tumor DNA in nonmetastatic colorectal cancer: Individual patient pooled analysis of three cohort studies
Authors: Tie Jeanne , Cohen Joshua D. , Lo Serigne N. , Wang Yuxuan , Li Lu , Christie Michael , Lee Margaret , Wong Rachel , Kosmider Suzanne , Skinner Iain , Wong Hui Li , Lee Belinda , Burge Matthew E. , Yip Desmond , Karapetis Christos S. , Price Timothy J. , Tebbutt Niall C. , Haydon Andrew M. , Ptak Janine , Schaeffer Mary J. , Silliman Natalie , Dobbyn Lisa , Popoli Maria , Tomasetti Cristian , Papadopoulos Nickolas , Kinzler Kenneth W. , Vogelstein Bert , Gibbs Peter 
Published: September 2020

AbstractStudies in multiple solid tumor types have demonstrated the prognostic significance of ctDNA analysis after curative intent surgery. A combined analysis of data across completed studies could further our understanding of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a prognostic marker and inform future trial design. We combined individual patient data from three independent cohort studies of nonmetastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Plasma samples were collected 4 to 10 weeks after surgery. Mutations in ctDNA were assayed using a massively parallel sequencing technique called SafeSeqS. We analyzed 485 CRC patients (230 Stage II colon, 96 Stage III colon, and 159 locally advanced rectum). ctDNA was detected after surgery in 59 (12%) patients overall (11.0%, 12.5% and 13.8% for samples taken at 4‐6, 6‐8 and 8‐10 weeks; P = .740). ctDNA detection was associated with poorer 5‐year recurrence‐free (38.6% vs 85.5%; P < .001) and overall survival (64.6% vs 89.4%; P < .001). The predictive accuracy of postsurgery ctDNA for recurrence was higher than that of individual clinicopathologic risk features. Recurrence risk increased exponentially with increasing ctDNA mutant allele frequency (MAF) (hazard ratio, 1.2, 2.5 and 5.8 for MAF of 0.1%, 0.5% and 1%). Postsurgery ctDNA was detected in 3 of 20 (15%) patients with locoregional and 27 of 60 (45%) with distant recurrence (P = .018). This analysis demonstrates a consistent long‐term impact of ctDNA as a prognostic marker across nonmetastatic CRC, where ctDNA outperforms other clinicopathologic risk factors and MAF further stratifies recurrence risk. ctDNA is a better predictor of distant vs locoregional recurrence.
Cohabitation, infection and breast cancer risk
Authors: Kinlen Leo J. , Gilham Clare , Ray Roberta , Thomas David B. , Peto Julian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFor 50 years, the effect of age at first birth (AFB) has been thought to explain the strong association between breast cancer risk and age at first marriage (AFM), which was first reported in 1926. The independent effects of AFM, AFB and number of sexual partners adjusted for parity and other risk factors were estimated in reanalysis of a large international case‐control study conducted in 1979 to 1982 (2274 breast cancers, 18209 controls) by unconditional logistic regression. Respective AFB and AFM breast cancer odds ratios (ORs) for ≥31 years relative to ≤18 years were 3.01 (95% CI 2.44‐3.71; P(trend) < .0001) and 3.24 (95% CI 2.62‐4.01; P(trend) < .0001) in univariate analyses. Among married parous women, these ORs fell to 1.38 (95% CI 0.98‐1.95; P(trend) < .03) for AFB and 1.70 (95% CI 1.17‐2.46; P(trend) < .002) for AFM when fitted together in multivariate analysis including other risk factors. A similar adjusted OR for AFM ≥ 31 years relative to ≤18 years was seen among married nulliparous women (OR 1.71, 95% CI 0.98‐2.98; P(trend) < .001). AFM (a surrogate for age at starting prolonged cohabitation) is thus strongly associated with breast cancer risk. This suggests an effect of close contact. Identifying the (probably infective) mechanism might lead to effective prevention of breast cancer. The independent effect of AFB is smaller and could be due to residual confounding.
Female detrusor underactivity: Two uterine leiomyoma cases
Authors: Shimizu Ayami , Sakakibara Ryuji , Nakata Maki , Takeshita Naoki , Takashima Akiko , Aiba Yosuke , Tateno Fuyuki , Suzuki Hiroyoshi , Yano Masashi 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionFemale urinary retention is rare.Case presentationCase 1, a 35‐year‐old nulliparous woman, and case 2, a 47‐year‐old nulliparous woman, had transient urinary retention. A urodynamics revealed increased bladder sensation in case 1 and detrusor underactivity with a large post‐void residual in cases 1 and 2. Both women had a uterine leiomyoma of >10 cm in diameter. Soon after extraction of the tumor, retention episodes disappeared completely in case 1.ConclusionAlthough rare, uterine leiomyoma should be listed as a cause of female detrusor underactivity.
In‐plane epitaxial growth of 2D CoSe‐WSe2 metal‐semiconductor lateral heterostructures with improved WSe2 transistors performance
Authors: Ma Huifang , Huang Kejing , Wu Ruixia , Zhang Zhengwei , Li Jia , Zhao Bei , Dai Chen , Huang Ziwei , Zhang Hongmei , Yang Xiangdong , Li Bo , Liu Yuan , Duan Xiangfeng , Duan Xidong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe two‐dimensional (2D) in‐plane (lateral) heterostructures have attracted increasing interest for potential applications in the atomically thin electronics and optoelectronics. While most studies focus on semiconductor‐semiconductor lateral heterostructures with highly similar lattice structures between the constituent components, the synthesis of metal‐semiconductor lateral heterostructures is much less explored and usually more challenging due to more distinct lattice structures or chemical properties. Herein, a vapor phase epitaxy growth method of high‐quality metal‐semiconductor lateral heterostructures between tetragonal CoSe and hexagonal WSe2 is reported. The 2D CoSe can selectively nucleate at the edge of pre‐grown WSe2 nanosheets to form CoSe‐WSe2 metal‐semiconductor lateral heterostructures. Optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies reveal distinct contrast across the heterostructure interface. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) studies further confirm the microstructure modulation across the heterostructure interface. The field‐effect transistors (FETs) of CoSe‐WSe2 lateral heterostructures show satisfactory Ohmic contacts and considerably better FET performance over those with deposited Cr/Au contacts, suggesting the in‐plane metal‐semiconductor junctions may function as improved contacts for the atomically thin electronics.image
Immunological effects of Chondrus armatus carrageenans and their low molecular weight degradation products
Authors: Cicinskas Eduardas , Begun Maria A. , Vikhareva Valeria V. , Karetin Yuri A. , Kalitnik Aleksandra A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAbility of high molecular weight (HMW) κ‐ and λ‐carrageenans of the red marine algae Chondrus armatus and their low molecular weight degradation products (LMWDPs) (0.7–20 and 10–170 kDa respectively) to influence functional properties (motility and phagocytosis) of murine peritoneal macrophages was assessed in this study as an in vitro and a weeklong feeding experiment. We demonstrated that, with an exception of one, all carrageenan samples at 100 μg/ml increased cellular motility and dose‐dependently decreased phagocytic activity; LMWDPs of λ‐carrageenan suppressed motility and had no effect on phagocytosis. Oral administration of all the carrageenan samples at 100 μg/kg/day for 7 days to mice had no effect on their clinical appearance, body weight, weight of their liver, spleen or thymus or development of noticeable changes to their inner organs. All samples induced a shift of the cell composition of the peritoneal cavity towards macrophages. Consumption of LMWDPs of κ‐carrageenan resulted in development of leukopenia, however, no changes to relative WBC count were introduced by either of the samples. All samples decreased murine peritoneal macrophages phagocytic activity, with λ‐samples possessing higher efficacy than their κ‐counterparts; all LMWDPs stimulated peritoneal macrophages motility, with κ‐samples possessing higher efficacy than their λ‐counterparts In conclusion, we have shown that κ‐ and λ‐carrageenans of the C. armatus and their LMWDPs suppress phagocytotic activity of peritoneal macrophages under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. This allows them to be viewed as pharmacologically active substances andpropagates the need for their further investigation as such.
Effects of beta‐tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles on the properties of a thermosensitive chitosan/collagen hydrogel and controlled release of quercetin
Authors: Sareethammanuwat Maytha , Boonyuen Supakorn , Arpornmaeklong Premjit 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the present study, an inorganic matrix of beta‐tricalcium phosphate (bTCP) nanoparticles and quercetin was incorporated into an organic matrix of 2:1 (w/w) chitosan/collagen composite to fabricate thermosensitive bTCP‐chitosan/collagen‐quercetin hydrogels. A sol–gel transition of the hydrogels was stimulated by beta‐glycerophosphate (bGP) and temperature changes at physiological temperature and pH levels. Thereafter, the effects of 1%–3% (w/v) bTCP on properties of the bTCP‐bGP‐2:1 (w/w) chitosan/collagen hydrogels were investigated. Notably, the incorporation of 1%–3% (w/v) bTCP in the hydrogels did not interfere with the gelation process and time of the hydrogels at physiological temperature and pH levels. The bTCP‐hydrogels exhibited a porous structure, interconnecting pore architecture, and median pore size of 100–200 μm. The incorporation of 3% bTCP increased the mechanical strength but decreased the swelling and degradation rates, pore size, permeability, and quercetin release rate of the hydrogels. The hydrogels were noncytotoxic and able to support cell encapsulation. A sustained quercetin release profile of the 3% bTCP‐hydrogel further suggested the applicability of the hydrogel as a delivery vehicle of natural flavonoids for bone regeneration.
Bone morphogenetic protein‐2 delivery from polyelectrolyte multilayers enhances osteogenic activity on nanostructured titania
Authors: Wigmosta Tara B. , Popat Ketul C. , Kipper Matt J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIncomplete osseointegration is primary cause of failure for orthopedic implants. New biomaterials that present stable signals promoting osteogenesis could reduce failure rates of orthopedic implants. In this study bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) was delivered from titania nanotubes (Nt) modified with chitosan/heparin polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs). The surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. BMP‐2 release from the surfaces was measured in vitro for up to 28 days. After an initial burst release of BMP‐2 during the first 2 days, most of the BMP‐2 remained on the surface. To determine the osteogenic properties of these surfaces, they were seeded with rat bone marrow cells; alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, total protein, calcium deposition, and osteocalcin were measured up to 4 weeks in vitro. When compared to Nt surfaces, the surfaces with BMP‐2 induce greater osteocalcin and calcium deposition. PEMs provide sustained presentation of BMP‐2, from a biomimetic surface. This enhances the osteogenic properties of the surface without requiring supraphysiologic growth factor dose. This growth factor delivery strategy could be used to improve bone healing outcomes and reduce complications for recipients of orthopedic implants.
Topological analysis of chemical bonding in the layered FePSe3 upon pressure‐induced phase transitions
Authors: Evarestov Robert A. , Kuzmin Alexei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTwo pressure‐induced phase transitions have been theoretically studied in the layered iron phosphorus triselenide (FePSe3). Topological analysis of chemical bonding in FePSe3 has been performed based on the results of first‐principles calculations within the periodic linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) method with hybrid Hartree‐Fock‐DFT B3LYP functional. The first transition at about 6 GPa is accompanied by the symmetry change from to C2/m, whereas the semiconductor‐to‐metal transition (SMT) occurs at about 13 GPa leading to the symmetry change from C2/m to . We found that the collapse of the band gap at about 13 GPa occurs due to changes in the electronic structure of FePSe3 induced by relative displacements of phosphorus or selenium atoms along the c‐axis direction under pressure. The results of the topological analysis of the electron density and its Laplacian demonstrate that the pressure changes not only the interatomic distances but also the bond nature between the intralayer and interlayer phosphorus atoms. The interlayer P–P interactions are absent in two non‐metallic FePSe3 phases while after SMT the intralayer P–P interactions weaken and the interlayer P–P interactions appear.
Portably parallel construction of a configuration‐interaction wave function from a matrix–product state using the Charm++ framework
Authors: Wang Ting , Ma Yingjin , Zhao Lian , Jiang Jinrong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe construction of configuration‐interaction (CI) expansions from a matrix product state (MPS) involves numerous matrix operations and the skillful sampling of important configurations in a large Hilbert space. In this work, we present an efficient procedure for constructing CI expansions from MPS employing the parallel object‐oriented Charm++ programming framework, upon which automatic load‐balancing and object migrating facilities can be employed. This procedure was employed in the MPS‐to‐CI utility (Moritz et al., J. Chem. Phys. 2007, 126, 224109), the sampling‐reconstructed complete active‐space algorithm (SR‐CAS, Boguslawski et al., J. Chem. Phys. 2011, 134, 224101), and the entanglement‐driven genetic algorithm (EDGA, Luo et al., J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2017, 13, 4699). It enhances productivity and allows the sampling programs to evolve to their population‐expansion versions, for example, EDGA with population expansion (PE‐EDGA). Further, examples of 1,2‐dioxetanone and firefly dioxetanone anion (FDO−) molecules demonstrated the following: (a) parallel efficiencies can be persistently improved by simply by increasing the proportions of the asynchronous executions and (b) a sampled CAS‐type CI wave function of a bi‐radical‐state FDO− molecule utilizing the full valence (30e,26o) active space can be constructed within a few hours with using thousands of cores.
Enhancement of the biochemical activity of some market antibiotics by chemical modification: Synthesis, characterization, and biochemical evaluation
Authors: Abbas Abbas M. , Fisal Sara R. , Orabi Adel S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe reaction of isatin with the Ampicillin gave the new compound: (6R)‐3,3‐dimethyl‐7‐oxo‐6‐(2‐(([E]‐2‐oxoindolin‐3‐ylidene)amino)‐2‐phenylacetamido)‐4‐thia‐1‐azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept ‐ane‐2‐carboxylic acid (HAI). The new complexes derived from HAI and Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Eu(III), and Gd(III) were obtained in pure form. The obtained compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, UV–Vis, Fluorescence, 1HNMR, Mass spectra, DTA, TGA, Magnetic susceptibility, X‐ray, AAS, and the conductivity of 0.001 M in DMSO. The obtained data indicated the formation of the target complexes: [Co(HAI)(H2O)(NO3)]NO3.4H2O, [Ni(AI)(H2O)2]Cl.2H2O, [Cu(AI)]Cl.H2O, [Eu(AI)(H2O)Cl]Cl.5H2O and [Gd(AI)(H2O)(NO3)]NO3.3H2O. The ligation sites were predicted from the guide of the FTIR and thermal analysis meanwhile the stereochemistry was proved by the UV–Vis and magnetic moment. Co(II) and Ni(II) gave an octahedral structure while Cu(II) gave a square planar form. Molecular modeling, molecular mechanics, and DFT calculations were carried out for the synthesized compounds. The active lone pair and surface properties were obtained and discussed in the silico level. The x‐ray analysis indicates the nanoparticle behavior of the Cu‐AI complex with a monoclinic structure. The interactions of the synthesized complexes with FM‐DNA moiety were investigated through spectrometric titration (UV–vis. spectra) and by using fluorescence spectroscopy. The modes and binding affinities were evaluated and discussed using Benesi–Hildebrand method. Antimicrobial activities of the synthesized compounds have been screened using the disc diffusion method. HAI and Cu‐AI gave activity exceeded the Ampicillin. The docking work was carried using the targeting protein of Escherichia coli FabH (PDB code: 1HNJ). The obtained binding energy was compared and discussed in terms of the in vitro studies.
A preliminary study about neurofilament light chain and tau protein levels in psoriasis: Correlation with disease severity
Authors: Okan Gokhan , Baki Adile Merve , Yorulmaz Eda , Doğru‐Abbasoğlu Semra , Vural Pervin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundStudies investigating cognitive dysfunction in psoriatic patients remain inconclusive.ObjectiveTo investigate the risk of cognitive decline in plaque‐type psoriasis patients.MethodsSerum neurofilament light chain (NFL) and tau protein concentrations in 45 patients with plaque‐type psoriasis and forty‐five healthy controls were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsMean homeostasis model assessment (HOMA‐IR) values (6.82 vs 3.25) and serum levels of insulin (28.19 vs 15.71), NFL (5.74 vs 1.98), and tau (348.17 vs 207.30) in patients with psoriasis were found to be significantly higher than those of in healthy controls. There was a significant positive correlation between NFL and tau (r = .257, P = .015). There was significant correlation between NFL, tau and PASI (r = .310, P = .040) and (r = .383, P = .010), respectively. Significant correlations between NFL and insulin, TC, HDL‐C, TG, VLDL‐C, and BMI were found. NFL (9.38 vs 3.08) and tau (439.28 vs 281.58) concentrations and PASI values (23.94 vs 14.18) in patients with disease onset before 40 years were significantly higher than that of the patients with disease onset after 40 years. C‐reactive protein (CRP) was significantly correlated with BMI (r = .449, P < .001), LDL‐C (r = .240, P = .026), TG (r = .244, P = .024), and VLDL‐C (r = .241, P = .025) in patients with psoriasis.ConclusionsIncreased serum NFL and tau protein levels and the presence of positive correlations between NFL, tau protein and PASI score show cognitive decline risk may be higher in moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis.
Performance evaluation of Automated Fluorescent Immunoassay System ROTA and NORO for detection of rotavirus and norovirus: A comparative study of assay performance with RIDASCREEN® Rotavirus and Norovirus
Authors: Ha Changhee , Yoo In Young , Yun Sun Ae , Chung Yoo Na , Huh Hee Jae , Lee Nam Yong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Automated Fluorescent Immunoassay System ROTA (AFIAS‐Rota) and NORO (AFIAS‐Noro) assays (Boditech Med Inc.) are newly developed diagnostic tests for rotavirus and norovirus infections.MethodsPerformance of AFIAS‐Rota/Noro assays was evaluated in comparison with RIDASCREEN® Rotavirus and Norovirus ELISA kits (R‐Biopharm) using clinical stool samples submitted from November 2018 to January 2019. Multiplex real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction was used as reference method.ResultsA total of 256 clinical specimens were analyzed. AFIAS‐Rota and RIDASCREEN Rotavirus had almost perfect agreement (Kappa value = 0.95), and substantial agreement was observed between AFIAS‐Noro and RIDASCREEN Norovirus (Kappa value = 0.80). For detection of rotavirus, AFIAS and RIDASCREEN assays showed satisfactory diagnostic sensitivity (100% and 97.8%, respectively) and specificity (99.5% and 99.1%). For detection of norovirus, the RIDASCREEN assay showed significantly higher sensitivity than the AFIAS‐Noro (86.0% and 66.0%, respectively; P = .002). Analytic specificity of AFIAS‐Rota/Noro assays showed no cross‐reactivity against any other bacteria (14 strains) or viruses (2 strains). Hands‐on time (6 minutes) and turnaround time (26 minutes) required to perform AFIAS assays were much shorter than those required for RIDASCREEN assays (20 and 150 minutes, respectively).ConclusionThe AFIAS‐Rota/Noro assays showed overall excellent agreement with the RIDASCREEN assays. Although the AFIAS‐Noro assay exhibited lower sensitivity than the RIDASCREEN Norovirus assay for detection of norovirus, the AFIAS‐Rota/Noro assays could be useful as a rapid initial screening test in clinical laboratories due to its convenience and rapid turnaround time.