bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Missed Opportunities for Family Planning Counselling among HIV-Positive Women Receiving HIV Care in Uganda
Authors: NABIRYE JULIET , Matovu Joseph KB , Bwanika John Baptist , Makumbi Fredrick , Wanyenze Rhoda K. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Introduction HIV-positive women who are still in the reproductive years need adequate sexual and reproductive health information to make informed reproductive health choices. However, many HIV-positive women who interface with the health system continue to miss out on this information. We sought to: a) determine the proportion of HIV-positive women enrolled in HIV care who missed family planning (FP) counselling; and b) assess if any association existed between FP counseling and current use of modern contraception to inform programming.Methods Data were drawn from a quantitative national cross-sectional survey of 5,198 HIV-positive women receiving HIV care at 245 HIV clinics in Uganda; conducted between August and November 2016. Family planning counseling was defined as receipt of FP information by an HIV-positive woman during ANC, at the time of delivery or at the PNC visit. Analyses on receipt of FP counseling were done on 2,760 HIV-positive women aged 15-49 years who were not currently pregnant and did not intend to have children in the future. We used a modified Poisson regression model to determine the Prevalence Ratio (PR) as a measure of association between receipt of any FP counseling and current use of modern contraception, controlling for potential confounders. Analyses were performed using STATA statistical software, version 14.1.Results Overall, 2,104 (76.2%) HIV-positive women reported that they received FP counseling at any of the three critical time-points. Of the 24% ( n =656) who did not, 37.9% missed FP counseling at ANC; 41% missed FP counseling during delivery; while 54% missed FP counseling at the post-natal care visit. HIV-positive women who received any FP counseling were significantly more likely to report current use of modern contraception than those who did not (adjusted PR [adj. PR] = 1.21; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.10, 1.33).Conclusion Nearly one-quarter of HIV-positive women did not receive any form of FP counseling when they interfaced with the healthcare system. This presents a missed opportunity for prevention of unintended pregnancies, and suggests a need for the integration of FP counseling into HIV care at all critical time-points.
Age disparities in unmet need for contraception among all sexually active women in Colombia: an analysis of the 2015 Demographic Health Survey
Authors: Sánchez-Franco Sharon , González-Uribe Catalina 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Unmet need for contraception increases unintended pregnancies and puts the health and reproductive rights of women at risk. Social determinants are associated with unmet need for contraception, but it is unclear if age is a social determinant of disparities in reproductive health-related outcomes in all Colombian women irrespective of marital status.Methods This study used the 2015 Colombian Demographic and Health Survey. The outcome of interest was the unmet need for contraception among 24,245 sexually active women aged 13-49. Age was associated with unmet need for contraception in Colombia through multivariate analysis. Absolute and relative inequalities were estimated using prevalence differences and odds ratios, respectively.Results The prevalence of unmet need was significantly higher in women in marital union aged 13 to 19 years old (19.8%), than their unmarried counterparts (16.8%), and all older age groups either married or unmarried. Women 13 to 19 years old [OR=2.98 (2.49-3.57)] and 20-29 year old [OR=1.71(1.48-1.97)] are more likely to have an unmet need for contraception than those 40-49-year-old.Conclusions Age disparities are barriers to attaining the Sustainable Development Goals for sexual and reproductive health. Cultural, social, and access barriers demand to tailor health care services to meet the needs of younger women to narrow the age gap.
The association between nutrient intake, nutritional status and physical function of community-dwelling ethnically diverse older adults: A longitudinal study
Authors: Asamane Evans Atiah , Greig Carolyn A. , Thompson Janice Lee 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background There are limited longitudinal data regarding nutrient intake, nutritional status and physical function in community-dwelling ethnically diverse older adults. This study explored these variables and their relationship at baseline (n=100) and 8-months’ follow-up (n=81) among community-dwelling ethnically diverse older adults (≥60 years) in Birmingham, United Kingdom.Methods Multiple-pass 24-hour dietary recalls and the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form assessed nutritional intake and status, respectively. Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and handgrip strength measured physical function. Linear and multinomial regressions were used to predict relationships between physical function, nutritional status and nutrient intake.Results Participants at baseline (n=100) and 8-months’ follow-up (n=81). Mean (SD) age was 70 (8.1) years (60% male), with 62% being obese. Decreases in intakes of vitamin B6, vitamin B1, iron, folate, and magnesium occurred over time. Daily intake of all micronutrients except vitamin B12, phosphorus and manganese were below the Recommended Nutrient Intakes (RNI). SPPB (Z=-4.01, p<0.001) and nutritional status (Z=-2.37, p=0.018) declined over time. Higher SPPB scores (OR=0.54 95% CI 0.35, 0.81) were associated with a slower decline in nutritional status.Conclusion The observed declines and inadequate nutrient intakes in the absence of weight loss in just eight months may pose serious challenges to healthy ageing, identifying an urgent need to re-evaluate and tailor appropriate dietary advice for this population.
Cytokine Dysregulation Persists in Childhood Post Neonatal Encephalopathy
Authors: Zareen Zunera , Strickland Tammy , Eneaney Victoria Mc , Kelly Lynne A. , McDonald Denise , Sweetman Deirdre , Molloy Eleanor J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective: Cytokines are possible mediators of neuroinflammation and associated with adverse outcome in neonatal encephalopathy (NE). Our aim was to explore cytokine response in children with Neonatal Encephalopathy (NE) at school age compared to age-matched controls.
Method: Follow up at school age, children who had NE and age-matched controls were assessed for their cytokine responses and neurodevelopment outcome. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the serum, [Interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, TNF β, Interferon (IFN)-γ, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), erythropoietin (EPO), IL-10 & IL-1RA] were measured at baseline and in response to in vitro stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS: endotoxin).
Results: GM­-CSF, TNF-β, IL-2 IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-18 were significantly elevated at school age following NE (n=40) compared to controls (n=37). A significant rise in GM-CSF, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β, & IL-6 were seen in NE group following LPS stimulation. Relative LPS hypo-responsiveness was also noted in children with severe NE with IL-10, VEGF, EPO and TNF-β. Elevated TNF-β was associated with low gross motor scores on assessment at school age.

Conclusion: School-age children post-NE had significantly altered cytokine responses to endotoxin compared to controls. TNF-β was associated with adverse developmental outcomes. This suggests the inflammatory process may persist into childhood and a longer therapeutic window may be available for immunomodulatory adjunctive therapies.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of perioperative compilations of hand-sewn esophagojejunostomy used for laparoscopic total gastrectomy
Authors: Zhou Yu-Cheng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: We examine the perioperative complications of hand-sewn esophagojejunostomy (EJ) methods used for totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG) for the treatment of gastric cancer. Methods: We reviewed PUBMED, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register for studies published from May 1998 to May 2018 to evaluate the perioperative complications of hand-sewn esophagojejunostomy applied for TLTG. Five studies were found to meet the inclusion criteria for our meta-analysis. After data extraction and quality assessment, we used Stata 12 to pool the data. Results: Five studies involving 234 patients were considered in our meta-analysis. The pooled data show an anastomotic leakage value of 1% (95% CI 0 to 4%) ，an anastomotic stricture value of 1% (95% CI 0 to 3%)，a conversion value of 0 and a postoperative bleeding value of 2% (95% CI 0 to 6%). Conclusions: TLTG involving intracorporeal hand-sewn end-to-side esophagojejunostomy serves as a safe approach to the treatment of gastric cancer. As this method is adopted by professionals, intracorporeally handsewn EJ could become an accepted means of executing widely used laparoscopic procedures of EJ.
Long noncoding RNA UCA1 facilitates cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis via activating PI3K/Akt pathway in retinoblastoma
Authors: Yuan Zhongfang , Li Zhaona 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignancy of childhood. This study is aimed to explored the effect of lncRNA-UCA1 on RB and its potential molecular mechanisms.Methods In our study, the expression of lncRNA-UCA1 was measured by qRT-RCR in both RB tissues and RB HXO-RB44 and Y79 cells. The relationship between lncRNA-UCA1 expression and clinical parameters in RB patients were evaluated. Cell proliferation, cell clones, apoptosis and cell cycle of HXO-RB44 and Y79 cells were measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay and flow cytometry, respectively. In addition, the expressions of PCNA, Caspase-3, survivin, p16, p21, CDK2, PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, p-Akt and S6k in HXO-RB44 and Y79 cells were measured by western blot.Results lncRNA-UCA1 was highly expressed in both RB tissues and RB HXO-RB44 and Y79 cells. Moreover, the expression of lncRNA-UCA1 in RB patients was remarkedly correlated with tumor size, optic nerve invasion and pathologic grade. lncRNA-UCA1 markedly facilitated cell proliferation and cell cycle procession, as well as inhibited cell apoptosis in HXO-RB44 and Y79 cells. lncRNA-UCA1 dramatically increased the expression of S6k and the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt in RB cells. LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) reversed the effects of lncRNA-UCA1 on RB cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle procession.Conclusions Our study indicated that lncRNA-UCA1 could promote cell proliferation and cell cycle procession, as well as inhibit cell apoptosis in RB via activating PI3K/Akt pathway.
Laminoplasty with selective fusion at unstable segment versus laminectomy with fusion for multilevel cervical myelopathy: A retrospective comparative study
Authors: Du Lin , Gao Yanzheng , Zhao Changqing , Zhou Tangjun , Tian Haijun , Zhang Kai , Zhao Jie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to compare laminoplasty with selective fixation (LPSF) versus laminectomy with fusion (LCF) in patients with multilevel cervical myelopathy accompanied by segmental instability.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted by reviewing data from 63 patients who underwent LPSF (n=30) or LCF (n=33). Cervical alignment, range of motion (ROM), neurologic status and axial symptom severity pre-operation, 3-days after operation, and at the final follow-up (minimum 24 months) were measured and compared between groups.Results Postoperation, patients in the LPSF group lost 31.1±17.3% of cervical lordosis and 43.2±10.9% cervical ROM while patients in the LCF group lost 5.7±8.2% and 67.9±15.5%, respectively. Both LPSF and LCF groups significantly improved neurologic status and axial symptom severity at the final follow-up with similar between-group results(P>0.05). Blood loss, operation time, hospital stay, and medical cost in the LPSF group were significantly less than in the LCF group(P<0.05). The incidence of negative events were statistically similar between groups.Conclusion According to our results, LPSF was effective in maintaining the stability of the cervical spine with less sacrifice of mobility and surgical trauma for multilevel myelopathy with segmental instability compared to LCF.
Sedative use of Dexmedetomidine vs. Propofol after Cardiac Surgery: A critical review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Abowali Hesham , Paganini Matteo , Enten Garrett A , Elbadawi Ayman , Camporesi Enrico 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background : The use of dexmedetomidine for sedation post-cardiac surgery is controversial compared to the use of propofol.
Methods : A computerized search on Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality databases was performed for up to July 2019. Trials evaluating the efficacy of dexmedetomidine versus propofol in the postoperative sedation of cardiac surgery patients were selected. Primary study outcomes were classified as time-dependent (mechanical ventilation time; time to extubation; length of stay in the intensive care unit and the hospital) and non-time dependent (delirium, bradycardia, and hypotension).
Results : Our final analysis included 11 RCTs published between 2003 and 2019 and involved a total of 1184 patients. Time to extubation was significantly reduced in the dexmedetomidine group (Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) = -0.61, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): -1.06 to -0.16, p=0.008), however no difference in mechanical ventilation time was observed (SMD= -0.72, 95% CI: -1.60 to 0.15, N.S.). Moreover, the dexmedetomidine group showed a significant reduction in Intensive Care Unit length of stay (SMD= -0.70, 95% CI: -0.98 to -0.42, p=0.0005) this did not translate into a reduced hospital length of stay (SMD= -1.13, 95% CI: -2.43 to 0.16, N.S). For non-time dependent factors: incidence of delirium was unaffected between groups (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.43 to 1.06, N.S.), while the propofol group of patients had higher rates of bradycardia (OR: 3.39, 95% CI: 1.20 to 9.55, p=0.020) and hypotension (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.09 to 2.58, p=0.017).
Conclusion : Despite the ICU time advantages afforded by dexmedetomidine over propofol, the former does not contribute to an overall reduction in hospital length of stay or an overall improvement in postoperative outcomes for heart valve surgery and CABG patients. Time-dependent outcomes confounded by several factors including variability in staff, site-protocols, and complication rates between individual surgical cases.
Keywords: dexmedetomidine; propofol; cardiac surgery; postoperative sedation.
Active Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection at a Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2006–2014
Authors: Kmeid Joumana , Kulkarni Prathit A. , Batista Marjorie V. , Chaer Firas El , Prayag Amrita , Ariza-Heredia Ella J. , Mulanovich Victor E. , Chemaly Roy F. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Morbidity and mortality from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection remain significant in cancer patients. We evaluated clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes in patients with active Mtb infection at our institution who had cancer or suspicion of cancer. Methods: We retrospectively examined medical records of all patients with laboratory-confirmed active Mtb infection diagnosed between 2006 and 2014. Results: A total of 52 patients with laboratory-confirmed active Mtb infection were identified during the study period, resulting in an average rate of 6 new cases per year. Thirty-two (62%) patients had underlying cancer, while 20 (38%) patients did not have cancer but were referred to the institution because of suspicion of underlying malignancy. Among patients with cancer, 18 (56%) had solid tumors; 8 (25%) had active hematologic malignancies; and 6 (19%) had undergone hematopoietic-cell transplantation (HCT). Patients with and without cancer were overall similar with the exception of median age (61 years in cancer patients compared to 53 years in noncancer patients). Pulmonary disease was identified in 32 (62%) patients, extrapulmonary disease in 10 (19%) patients, and disseminated disease in 10 (19%) patients. Chemotherapy was delayed in 53% of patients who were to receive such treatment. Eleven patients (all of whom had cancer) died; 3 of these deaths were attributable to Mtb infection. Conclusions: Although not common, tuberculosis remains an important infection in patients with cancer. Approximately one-third of patients were referred to our institution for suspicion of cancer but were ultimately diagnosed with active Mtb infection rather than malignancy.
External Threat as Coercion
Authors: Emanuelson Pamela , Wilier David 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In coercive relations, threats of negative sanctions extract valued positive sanctions from coercees. Only when coercion is direct, however, are the negative sanctions controlled by the coercer who benefits from the threats. Not previously investigated, indirect coercion relies on threats and negative sanctions that are external to the exploitative relation. We suggest that indirect coercion is ubiquitous. From their inception states have used the threat of external enemies to justify rulers’ increased powers and to provide a patina of legitimacy while, on a smaller scale, criminal organizations such as the mafia have long profited from offering protection. The purpose of this paper is to theoretically model and experimentally investigate indirect coercion and compare its effectiveness in extracting valued resources to that of direct coercion. Previous research has shown that all power structures, whether exchange, conflict or coercive, take two distinct forms, strong and weak. Therefore, experiments on strong and weak indirect coercion are run and are compared to new and previous experiments on strong and weak direct coercion. Theoretically grounded predictions are derived and tested for those structures.
How to make advances in hydrological modelling
Authors: Beven Keith 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
After some background about what I have learned from a career in hydrological modelling, I present some opinions about how we might make progress in improving hydrological models in future, including how to decide whether a model is fit for purpose; how to improve process representations in hydrological models; and how to take advantage of Models of Everywhere. Underlying all those issues, however, is the fundamental problem of improving the hydrological data available for both forcing and evaluating hydrological models. It would be a major advance if the hydrological community could come together to prioritise and commission the new observational methods that are required to make real progress.
The Effect of Temperature on the Interaction of Phenanthroline-based Ligands with G-quadruplex: In Silico Viewpoint
Authors: Bazoobandi Mohadeseh , Bozorgmehr Mohammad R. , Mahmoudi Ali , Morsali Ali 
Published: October 2019

Aim and Objective:
The stability of the G-quadruplex structure can increase its activity
in telomerase inhibiting cancer cells. In this study, a molecular dynamics simulation method was
used to study the effect of three phenanthroline-based ligands on the structure of G-quadruplex at
the temperatures of 20, 40, 60 and 80°C.

Materials and Methods:
RMSD values and frequency of calculated RMSD in the presence and
absence of ligands show that ligands cause the relative stability of the G-quadruplex, particularly at
low temperatures. The calculation of hydrogen bonds in Guanine-tetrads in three different
quadruplex sheets shows that the effect of ligands on the sheets is not the same so that the bottom
sheet of G-quadruplex is most affected by the ligands at high temperatures, and the Guaninetetrads
in this sheet are far away. Conformation factor was calculated as a measure of ligands
binding affinity for each of the G-quadruplex residues.

Results:
The results show that the studied ligands interact more with the G-quadruplex than loop
areas, although with increasing temperature, the binding area also includes the G-quadruplex
sheets. The contribution of each of the residues involved in the G-quadruplex binding area with
ligands was also calculated.

Conclusion:
The calculations performed are consistent with the previous experimental
observations that can help to understand the molecular mechanism of the interaction of
phenanthroline and its derivatives with quadruplex.
The Anti-tumor Activity and Mechanisms of rLj-RGD3 on Human Laryngeal Squamous Carcinoma Hep2 Cells
Authors: Jin Yang , Lv Li , Ning Shu-Xiang , Wang Ji-Hong , Xiao Rong 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LSCC) is a malignant epithelial tumor with poor
prognosis and its incidence rate increased recently. rLj-RGD3, a recombinant protein cloned from the buccal
gland of Lampetra japonica, contains three RGD motifs that could bind to integrins on the tumor cells.

Methods:
MTT assay was used to detect the inhibitory rate of viability. Giemsa’s staining assay was used to
observe the morphological changes of cells. Hoechst 33258 and TUNEL staining assay, DNA ladder assay were
used to examine the apoptotic. Western blot assay was applied to detect the change of the integrin signal
pathway. Wound-healing assay, migration, and invasion assay were used to detect the mobility of Hep2
cells. H&E staining assay was used to show the arrangement of the Hep2 cells in the solid tumor tissues.

Results:
In the present study, rLj-RGD3 was shown to inhibit the viability of LSCC Hep2 cells in vitro by inducing
apoptosis with an IC50 of 1.23µM. Western blot showed that the apoptosis of Hep2 cells induced by rLj-
RGD3 was dependent on the integrin-FAK-Akt pathway. Wound healing, transwells, and western blot assays
in vitro showed that rLj-RGD3 suppressed the migration and invasion of Hep2 cells by integrin-FAKpaxillin/
PLC pathway which could also affect the cytoskeleton arrangement in Hep2 cells. In in vivo studies,
rLj-RGD3 inhibited the growth, tumor volume, and weight, as well as disturbed the tissue structure of the solid
tumors in xenograft models of BALB/c nude mice without reducing their body weights.

Conclusion:
hese results suggested that rLj-RGD3 is an effective and safe suppressor on the growth and metastasis
of LSCC Hep2 cells from both in vitro and in vivo experiments. rLj-RGD3 might be expected to become
a novel anti-tumor drug to treat LSCC patients in the near future.
THE PERILS OF JARGONS: HOW ILLUSION OF KNOWLEDGE OBSCURES TRUE TEACHER COMPETENCE
Authors: Wijaya Henry 
Published: October 2019

Teacher competence is a crucial factor to the success of BIPA teaching and learning. In terms of pedagogy, a competent BIPA teacher naturally is not only proficient at theories, but also adept at materializing them into classroom instructions, to help students learn effectively. Nonetheless, trapped inside knowledge illusion of one’s own competence, a teacher might believe having grasped the latest development in language teaching, while in fact, although capable of reciting jargons smoothly, that teacher still teaches traditionally. This paper (re-)visits trends in modern language teaching, reflecting on which we have genuinely understood and fully implemented, and which still require our study. Ultimately, this paper expects to contribute to the larger discussion of how BIPA teacher competence should be defined and could be improved. Keywords: teacher competence, language pedagogy, classroom practice, jargons, reflection