bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Oral Propranolol Effect on Retinopathy of Prematurity: Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mirjalili Akram , Manaviat Masoud Reza , Noori-Shadkam Mahmood 
Published: May 2020

Background: Despite rapid advances in neonatal care in both industrialized and developing countries, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) still remains the main reason of infants' blindness and visual impairment. There is some evidence that Beta-adrenergic system may be involved in infants' ROP. Considering that few studies have been done on effects of oral propranolol on prevention retinopathy pre maturity in premature infants, we designed this clinical trial to investigate the effects of oral propranolol on infants.

Methods: This study is a clinical trial in which 27 premature infants with gestational age greater than 27 weeks and afflicted with retinopathy pre maturity grade 1 and 2 hospitalized at Shahid Sadoughi hospital of Yazd city.They were randomized to receive 0.5 mg/kg/12hours oral propranolol or control. Premature infants were controlled and hospitalized at NICU and their BP, heart rate and Hyperemesis gravidarum (H.G) were monitored.

Results: Twenty-four newborns were included, 12 in the control group and 12 in the propranolol group and 3 of infants were excluded from the study (2 of propranolol group and 1 of control group) 81.34 percent of treatment group were recovered and healed compared to 66.7 percent of control group which not significantly difference.

Conclusion: Some studies about Beta Blockers' recessive effect on ROP have been done which in most recovery was the result but some serious side effects were also reported. In this study there was no positive effect on recovery of ROP but the percent of recovery was slightly higher in propranolol group compared to control group. Fortunately there were no reports of side effects this time due to usage of lower dose propranolol.Recent studies state that propranolol cannot be used as a good alternative to other treatments but it can prevent the disease from getting worse. We can also reduce its side effects by changing the dosage.
THE OPTIMAL NUMBER OF OPTIONS USED IN MULTIPLE-CHOICE TEST FORMAT FOR NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Franley Manalu Herland , Anggraeni Diana 
Published: May 2020

Purpose of the study: The present research purports to find out the most favourable number of options used in the Multiple Choice (MC) format for Senior High Schools in Indonesian National Examinations (UN) and suggest the testing division within the Indonesia ministry of education to consider the result of the study
Methodology: Two English tests using MC questions with five options, consisting of 50 questions per test format, were used as the elicitation devices for this research. One of these English tests was rewritten to create four options by deleting the non-functioning distractors in each question. Both tests with different MC test formats were administered to 2 groups within two state Senior High Schools (SMA). The Classical Method and Rasch Analysis were utilized to compare item facility, item discrimination, distractor measure correlation, and reliabilities across the two MC test formats. To corroborate the findings of the study, questionnaires were randomly distributed to 120 SMA students and 15 SMA English teachers.
Main Findings: The findings suggested that four options were more difficult than five options. There was significant change observed in Item Facility (p<0.05) and Item Discrimination across the two MC test formats. Based on the questionnaire data analysis, the four-option is the more optimal and preferable format to be used in the National Examinations.
Applications of this study: Regarding the practicality issues like saving time and money for implementing the tests, minimizing the amount of time and effort needed for test-makers to create the tests, and also reducing the risk of providing implausible distractors for developing MC tests, this study concluded that the four-option MC format is more optimal to be used for Indonesian National Examinations in Senior High School.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The testing division within the Indonesia Ministry of Education uses different numbers of MC options in Elementary, Junior High, and Senior High Schools examinations. The Ministry has predetermined three options for elementary schools, four options for junior high schools, and five options for senior high school students. The decision made the researchers of the present study eager to find out whether the use of MC format with reduced options in the UN SMA will produce the same results or maybe increase or reduce the efficiency, effectiveness, reliability, and practicality of the test administration. This is the first study to compare the number of choices in the MC test format used in Indonesian National Examinations.
Identifikasi Karakteristik akuifer dan Potensi Air Tanah untuk Irigasi pada Sub DAS Data Kabupaten Wajo Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Suhardi Suhardi 
Published: May 2020

Pengambilan airtanah secara berkelanjutan dapat dicapai jika terjadi keseimbangan antara pengambilan dan pengisian airtanah. Kemampuan akuifer dalam pelepasan airtanah yang mempengaruhi pengambilan dan pengisian airtanah tergantung pada karakteristik akuifer. Untuk itu, maka karakteristik suatu akuifer perlu diketahui agar jumlah pengambilan tidak melebihi daripada pengisian airtanah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui posisi, ketebalan, jenis, hasil spesifik dan konduktifitas hidraulik akuifer serta mengidentifikasi daerah resapan sebagai sumber pengisian airtanah.dan potensi airtanah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menginterpolasi data litologi dan pengukuran konduktivitas hidraulik akuifer dengan metode uji pemompaan. Nilai konduktivitas hidraulik diolah dengan menggunakan Solver Add Ins pada Microsoft Excel untuk mendapatkan nilai konduktivitas optimal. Sumber resapan airtanah diprediksi berdasarkan jejaring aliran data kontur muka airtanah dan potensi airtanah dihitung dengan pendekatan Darcy’s. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konduktivitas hidraulik pada daerah penelitian sebesar 16,13 m/hari, hasil spesifik sebesar 0,32 dengan akuifer berupa pasiran. Berdasarkan jejaring aliran, sumber resapan berasal dari sisi Barat DAS mengalir ke arah timur dengan potensi sebesar 14.517 m3/hari ≈ 168,02 lt/dt.
DINAMIKA PEMBUATAN PERATURAN DAERAH TENTANG WAJIB BELAJAR MADRASAH DINIYAH TAKMILIYAH AWALIYAH DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Fauzan Indra , Taher Zakaria 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
This study is focused to the making process of local regulations on compulsory education Takmilihan Awaliyah Madrasah Diniyah. As for the reason researchers reviewing this research due to the Change of religious-based Perda is first of all that there is in the city of Medan. In the process of its compilation will certainly undergo Dynamics refers to the context of the city of Medan that heterogeneity. As for the research methods used in this study using qualitative method through a descriptive approach, so that research results can eventually be clearly reflected the problems that arise from the creation of the religion-based Change. Results from the study found that there is little the dynamics in the endorsement on the plenary meeting of the MDTA Perda Kota Medan initially some faction representative in Medan city requesting that a deeper discussion done against Perda MDTA, because it is related to the spirit of promoting diversity that exists in the city of Medan.
Keywords: Perda MDTA, diversity, compulsory education, legislative.
EFEKTIVITAS REHABILITASI DAN POLA PEMBINAAN TERHADAP PECANDU NARKOTIKA DI BALAI BESAR REHABILITASI BADAN NARKOTIKA NASIONAL INDONESIA LIDO BOGOR
Authors: Timoera Dwi Afrimetty , Martono Agus 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
This study aims to obtain empirical data, and reliable information about the effectiveness of rehabilitation and development patterns of the drug addict at the Center for Rehabilitation of the National Narcotics Agency Indonesia-Lido, Bogor. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The pattern of development in the institution more emphasis on behavior change, by conducting medical rehabilitation and social rehabilitation. Rehabilitation is divided into two major phases, namely the phase of medical rehabilitation and social rehabilitation phase. Medical rehabilitation includes detoxification and entry. While social rehabilitation phase includes primary phase and re-entry phase. Rehabilitation and development patterns are effective against drug addicts. This can be seen with the recovery rate of the resident and the resident's rate of return using drugs. But it is also influenced by many factors, both internal and external.
Keywords: Rehabilitation, patteration, drug addicts.
Modeling and Numerical Implementation of Managed-Pressure-Drilling Systems for the Assessment of Pressure-Control Systems
Authors: Lordejani Sajad Naderi , Abbasi Mohammad H. , Velmurugan Naveen , Berg Christian , Stakvik Jon Å. , Besselink Bart , Iapichino Laura , Di Meglio Florent , Schilders W. H. A. , van de Wouw Nathan 
Published: May 2020

SummaryAutomated managed-pressure drilling (MPD) is a method to enhance downhole pressure-control performance and safety during drilling operations. It is becoming more common to use model-based simulation for the evaluation of pressure-control systems designed for MPD automation before using those in the field. This demands a representative hydraulics-simulation model that captures the relevant aspects of a drilling system. This paper presents such a model and an approach to numerically implement that model for simulation studies. The complexity of this simulation model should be limited, first, to support effective numerical implementation and, second and most importantly, to allow for the analysis of the behavior and performance of the automated pressure-control systems during the controller-design phase. To this end, aspects of a drilling system that can considerably affect the performance of the automated MPD system are captured in the model. This hydraulics model incorporates both the distributed and multiphase-flow nature of a drilling system. Moreover, it captures nonlinear boundary conditions at the inlet of the drillstring, at the drill bit, and choke manifold, and also the variations in the cross-sectional area of the flow path. Model validations against field data from real-life MPD operations and simulations of industry-relevant scenarios indicate that these aspects are effectively captured in the model and preserved during the numerical implementation.
Where is an emotion? Using targeted visceroception as a method of improving emotion regulation in healthy participants to inform suicide prevention initiatives: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Davey Steven , Bell Elliot , Halberstadt Jamin , Collings Sunny 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background William James’ 1884 paper “What is an emotion?” has generated much recent interest in affective science regarding somatic contributions to emotion. Studies of interoception (“sensing the physiological condition of the body”) suggest that sensing specific parts of the body contribute to the production of emotion, namely when sensing the viscera (i.e. ‘visceroception’ of the heart, gut or lungs). Improved visceroception has, for instance, been linked to increased emotional intensity, suggesting a role for interoception in emotion regulation that may pertain specifically to visceral bodily locations. Thus, in addition to asking James’ question, “What is an emotion?”, we ask, “Where is an emotion?”. Further, there is an evidence base pointing to the connections between emotion regulation and suicide, and between interoception and suicide. This is a preliminary trial investigating whether targeted interoception/visceroception improves emotion regulation. Ultimately, the overall project aims to inform suicide prevention efforts. Methods The trial utilises a pre-test/post-test control group design, with two experimental groups undergoing visceroceptive interventions (gut or heart focus) and a control group. The interventions will run for 8 weeks. A spatial cueing task will measure reaction times to bodily changes pertaining to gut or heart focus. A stop/signal task will measure emotional inhibition, which is hypothesised to obscure awareness of active bodily locations. Visceroceptive ability will be tracked using a heartbeat estimation task, a water load test, and by self-report questionnaire. The sample will consist of healthcare professionals and healthcare students. Despite these being groups that represent a relatively high suicide risk among professional and student groups, all participants will be healthy, given the preliminary nature of this trial. Discussion To our knowledge, this will be the first project to address whether emotional feeling presents as a localised bodily phenomenon and whether trained awareness of emotional localisation can improve emotion regulation. It will also be the first to investigate relationships between interoception and emotional inhibition (i.e. whether a sustained interoceptive practice leads to the disinhibition of bodily emotional sensations, which can positively contribute to emotion regulation). These empirical findings on emotion regulation from a healthy sample will be used to inform a desk-based enquiry into the role of embodied emotion in suicide prevention, which may make a significant contribution to a growing evidence base on interoception and suicide.
Interventionist videothermometry: A new model of cardiac ischemia evaluation
Authors: Silva Tomas Tomas Ottoni Barroso da , Vidal Leonardo Waldstein de Moura , Cabral Paula Gebe Abreu , Costa Matheus Roberto da Mota , Cadena Silvia Marcela Ruiz , Junior Marcelo Borges Santos , Antunes Fernanda , Oliveira André Lacerda de Abreu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The purpose of the present study was to evaluate, through videothermometry, the temperature variation in the hearts of rabbits, that underwent induced myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Results A total of 20 female rabbits, were divided into two groups: a treated group and a sham group. Throughout the experiment, the animals were monitored by videothermometry, observing the thermal variations of the myocardial tissue. During the experiment, at different times, blood gas tests and tests to evaluate the lactate concentrations were performed. At the end of the experiment, each heart was submitted to histopathological evaluation. In the treated group, there was a reduction in temperature of the myocardial tissue during the circulatory arrest compared to the sham group. Additionally, a colder area next to the caudal vena cava ostium and the right atrium was observed. Notably, despite the 5 minutes of cardiac arrest in the treated group, both the lactate and bicarbonate levels were maintained without significant variation. However, there was an increase in PaCO2 and pH reduction, featuring respiratory acidosis. In relation to the histopathological study, the presence of hydropic degeneration in the myocardium of animals in the treated group was observed. Conclusions Based on these results, the videothermometry was efficient in identifying the range of myocardial tissue temperature, suggesting that the first areas to suffer due to cardiac arrest were the caudal vena cava ostium and the right atrium. However, in regard to the angiographic coronary thermography, the study was not feasible due to the small size of the coronary. There was no variation between the groups regarding the presence of myocardial infarction, myocardial congestion, myocardial edema and myocardial hemorrhage.
Bio-Banding in Junior Soccer Players – a Pilot Study
Authors: Romann Michael , Lüdin Dennis , Born Dennis-Peter 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective Bio-banding (BB) has been introduced to account for varying maturity and to improve the talent development of junior soccer players. To date, research that investigated the physiological and technical effects of BB is sparse. Therefore, the aim of the study was to compare effects of BB with CA on selected technical and tactical parameters in U13 and U14 soccer players. Results BB significantly increased the number of duels (p =0.024) and set pieces (p =0.025) compared to chronological age. The mean time of ball possession per action was reduced (p =0.021) and the rate of successful passes was lower with BB (p =0.001). Meanwhile, the total number of passes was unaffected (p =0.796), and there was a trend towards a lower difference in ball possession between BB teams (p =0.058). In addition, BB reduced the distances covered while jogging (p= 0.001), running (p= 0.038) and high-speed running (p= 0.035). With BB, an increased number of duels, unsuccessful passes and set pieces resulted in a quicker change of match play situations between teams. While physical demand was reduced, BB seems to result in a more technically and tactically challenging game. Benefits in long-term player development, however, require further investigation.
Schistosoma japonicum infected sentinel mice surveillance and spatial point pattern analysis in Hubei province, China, 2010-2018
Authors: Chen Yan-Yan , Liu Si , Shan Xiao-Wei , Wang Hui , Li Bo , Yang Jun-Jing , Dai Ling-Feng , Liu Jian-Bing , Li Guo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Progress in national schistosomiasis control in China has successfully reduced disease transmission in many districts. However, a low transmission rate hinders conventional snail surveys in identifying areas at risk. In this study, Schistosoma japonicum infected sentinel mice surveillance was conducted to identify high risk areas of schistosomiasis transmission in Hubei province, China.
Methods
The risk of schistosomiasis transmission was assessed using sentinel mice monitoring in Hubei province from 2010 to 2018. Field detections were carried out in June and September and the sentinel mice were kept for approximately 35 days in a laboratory. Then they were dissected to determine whether schistosome infection was present. Ripley’s K-function and kernel density estimation were applied to analyze the spatial distribution and positive point pattern of schistosomiasis transmission.
Results
A total of 190 sentinel mouse surveillance sites were selected to detect areas of schistosomiasis infection from 2010 to 2018, with 29 sites showing infected mice (15.26%).A total of 4723 mice were dissected and112 infected mice containing 256 adult worms were detected. The infection rate was 2.37% and an average of 2.28 worms was detected per infected mouse. Significantly more infected mice were detected in June samples than in September samples (x2 = 12.11, P < 0.01).Ripley's L(d) index analysis showed that, when distance was less than or equal to 34.52 km, the sentinel mice infection pattern showed aggregation, with the strongest aggregation occurring at 7.86 km. Three hotspots were detected using kernel density estimation, namely: at the junction of Jingzhou District, Gong’an County and Shashi District in Jingzhou City; in Wuhan city at the border of the Huangpi and Dongxihu Districts and in the Hanan and Caidian Districts.
Conclusion
The results showed sentinel mice surveillance was useful in identifying high-risk areas and could provide valuable information for schistosomiasis prevention and control, especially concerning areas along the Yangtze River such as the Fu-Lun, Dongjing-Tongshun and Juzhang River basins.
Single-cell RNA seq analysis identifies the biomarkers and differentiation of chondrocyte in human osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhang Xiaolu , Huang Nianlai , Huang Rongfu , Wang Liangming , Ke Qingfeng , Cai Liquan , Wu Shiqiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background： Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was recently adopted for exploring molecular programmes and lineage progression patterns of pathogenesis of important diseases. In this study, we use scRNA-seq to identify potential markers for chondrocytes in osteoarthritis (OA) and explore the function of different types of chondrocytes in OA. Methods：Here we aimed to identifies the biomarkers and differentiation of chondrocyte by Single-cell RNA seq analysis. GO and KEGG analysis were used to prove the function of candidate marker genes in chondrocytes. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to found the hub genes in 3 types of chondrocyte respectively. We also used qRT-PCR to detect the expression level of the candidate marker genes in different types of chondrocyte. Results： In this study, we characterized the single-cell expression profiling of 480 chondrocyte samples and found hypertrophic chondrocyte (HTC), homeostatic chondrocyte (HomC) and fibrocartilage chondrocyte (FC) respectively. The results of GO and KEGG analysis to the candidate marker genes of 3 types of chondrocyte. showed the candidate marker genes made specific function in these chondrocytes to regulate the development of OAs respectively. We further revealed the differential expression of top 10 marker genes of 3 types of chondrocyte in different type of chondrocytes. The marker genes of HTC and FC were mainly expressed in their respective cell. The marker genes of HomC did not have obviously differential expression among different types of chondrocyte. Last, we proved the key genes in each cell subset. CD44, JUN and FN1 were proved tightly related to the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes in OAs and could be regarded as biomarkers to estimate the development of OA. Conclusion： Our results provide new insights into exploring the roles of different types of chondrocyte in OA. The biomarkers of chondrocyte were also valuable for estimating OA progression.
Prevalence and Predictors of Use of Herbal Medicines Among The Most Recently Delivered Mothers in Tabora Municipality, Tanzania
Authors: Kessy Anna Tengia , Msalale George Chombe 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background In most of sub-Sahara African countries, herbal medicines are widely used during pregnancy and labor for various motives despite their unclear pharmacology and potential toxicity. Considering the Sustainable Development Goals, exposure to herbs during pregnancy should be restricted to safeguard the health of mothers and newborns. Thus, this study aims to assess the proportion of mothers using herbal medicines during pregnancy and delivery and to determine factors associated with the practice.Methods We used an interview schedule to gather information among 340 mothers who delivered a live baby in the preceding two years. Using a two-stage-sampling technique, we selected and interviewed mothers at the health facilities. We compared proportions using chi-square test. We performed a Poisson logistic regression analysis to determine independent predictors of herbal use.Results Over 60% of mothers in Tabora municipality used herbal medicines during pregnancy and delivery. Major reasons for use were shortening of labor duration, 81 (38.9%) and reducing labor pain, 58 (27.9%). Independent predictors of herbal use were distance to the nearest health facility, adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR = 1.12, 95%CI = 1.00,1.25], perception of safety about herbs, [aPR = 1.16, 95%CI = 1.05,1.29] and health care providers stance on the use of herbs, [aPR = 1.14, 95%CI = 1.04,1.25].Conclusion Use of herbal medicine during pregnancy and delivery in Tanzania is high. Researchers should consider designing comprehensive investigations on adverse effects of herbs to the mother and the fetus. Furthermore, health care providers ought to include health education messages during antenatal visits on the undesirable effects of using herbs.