bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late‐life cognitive decline is associated with hippocampal volume, above and beyond its associations with traditional neuropathologic indices
Authors: Dawe Robert J. , Yu Lei , Arfanakis Konstantinos , Schneider Julie A. , Bennett David A. , Boyle Patricia A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionReduced hippocampal volume is associated with late‐life cognitive decline, but prior studies have not determined whether this association persists after accounting for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neuropathologies.MethodsParticipants were 531 deceased older adults from community‐based cohort studies of aging who had undergone annual cognitive evaluations. At death, brain tissue underwent neuropathologic examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Linear mixed models examined whether hippocampal volume measured via MRI accounted for variation in decline rate of global cognition and five cognitive domains, above and beyond neuropathologic indices.ResultsDemographics and indices of AD, cerebrovascular disease, Lewy body disease, hippocampal sclerosis, TDP‐43, and atherosclerosis accounted for 42.6% of the variation in global cognitive decline. Hippocampal volume accounted for an additional 5.4% of this variation and made similar contributions in four of the five cognitive domains.DiscussionHippocampal volume is associated with late‐life cognitive decline, above and beyond contributions from common neuropathologic indices.
Green synthesis and chemical characterization of gold nanoparticle synthesized using Camellia sinensis leaf aqueous extract for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in comparison to daunorubicin in a leukemic mouse model
Authors: Ahmeda Ahmad , Zangeneh Akram , Zangeneh Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAccording to chemotherapeutic properties of medicinal plants, pharmacologists have always tried to synthesize and formulate the new chemotherapeutic supplements or drugs of metallic nanoparticles using plants. In this study, Camellia sinensis leaf aqueous extract‐based gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are reported for the first time to exert a dietary therapeutic potential compared to Daunorubicin in an animal model of acute myeloid leukemia. The synthesized AuNPs were characterized using different techniques including UV‐Vis., FT‐IR spectroscopy, TEM, EDS, FE‐SEM, and XRD. DPPH free radical scavenging test was done to evaluate the antioxidant potentials of HAuCl4, C. sinensis, AuNPs, and daunorubicin. For the analyzing of cytotoxicity effects of HAuCl4, C. sinensis, AuNPs, and daunorubicin, MTT assay was used on HUVEC, Human HL‐60/vcr, 32D‐FLT3‐ITD, and Murine C1498 cell lines. In vivo design, induction of acute myeloid leukemia was done by 7,12‐Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in 75 mice. Then, the animals were randomly divided into six subgroups, including control, untreated, HAuCl4, C. sinensis, AuNPs, and daunorubicin. FTIR findings suggested antioxidant compounds in the nanoparticles were the sources of reducing power, reducing gold ions to AuNPs. SEM and TEM images exhibited a uniform spherical morphology and diameters of ~20‐30 nm for the nanoparticles. DPPH test revealed similar antioxidant potentials for daunorubicin and AuNPs. These nanoparticles similar to daunorubicin had low cell viability dose‐dependently against Human HL‐60/vcr, 32D‐FLT3‐ITD, and Murine C1498 cell lines without any cytotoxicity on HUVEC cell line. AuNPs similar to daunorubicin, significantly (p≤0.05) increased the anti‐inflammatory cytokines and the lymphocyte, platelet, and RBC parameters and decreased the weight and volume of liver and spleen, the pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and the total WBC, blast, neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil, and basophil counts, as compared to the untreated mice. According to the above results, it appears that AuNPs can be used as a chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in the clinical trial.
Potential distribution and population trends of the smalltail shark Carcharhinus porosus inferred from species distribution models and historical catch data
Authors: Feitosa Leonardo Manir , Martins Lucas Pereira , de Souza Junior Leandro Augusto , Lessa Rosangela Paula 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Updated distribution ranges are crucial for conservation status assessments. Comprehensive analyses combining published literature and available data on historical catches and species distribution models (SDMs) are effective tools that could improve the prediction of more realistic scenarios for some species, especially those with limited information available and facing multiple threats.
The present study aimed at generating an updated distribution for the smalltail shark Carcharhinus porosus, one of the most threatened and understudied shark species of the western Atlantic Ocean. Estimates of the key areas for this species conservation based on the SDMs, and trends in catch probabilities throughout its distribution range are provided.
Four algorithms (BIOCLIM, Domain, Mahalanobis, and Maximum Entropy) were used to model the distribution of C. porosus and calculate its habitat suitability based on marine environmental variables. To assess historical catch probability trends, we built a generalized linear model from published and grey literature data. This analysis was used to estimate catch probability as an indication of population trends.
SDMs suggest that the northern coast of South America (NCSA) harbours the most suitable habitats for C. porosus in the world, which was expected given its historically high catch rate in this region. In addition, there was a continuously declining catch probability trend starting in the 1970s. However, the decline was smaller for the NCSA as compared with the Gulf of Mexico and the eastern South America coast.
Results indicate that the NCSA should be considered the currently most important area in the world for this species conservation. Furthermore, the lack of data throughout Central and South American marine regions hampers the evaluation of extinction risk throughout its updated distribution. Thus, research in these areas is urgently required for a more comprehensive conservation status assessment.
BIM im konstruktiven Ingenieurbau – ein Erfahrungsbericht der DEGES
Authors: Nordhaus Ines , Pelych Margarita , Pott Burkhard , Tandler Jens , Breinig Werner 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDie Anwendung der Methode Building Information Modeling (BIM) hat natürlich auch im konstruktiven Ingenieurbau und in der Infrastrukturplanung Einzug gehalten. Nach einer umfassenden Implementierungsphase und ersten Pilotprojekten nutzt die DEGES die BIM‐Methodik mittlerweile regelmäßig. Zu den größten BIM‐Projekten der DEGES gehören der Umbau des Autobahndreiecks Funkturm (A 100/A 115) Berlin, der Ersatzneubau der Westendbrücke (A 100) in Berlin, der Ersatzneubau der Schwelmetalbrücke (A 1) in Nordrhein‐Westfalen und der Neubau der B 31 in Baden‐Württemberg. Die ersten positiven Effekte sind vielfältig und das Potenzial der Methodik ist bestechend. Dennoch sind auf dem Weg zu einer flächendeckenden Nutzung von BIM noch verschiedene Herausforderungen zu bewältigen.Die Digitalisierung des Bauwesens bedeutet einen tief greifenden methodischen – aber auch kulturellen – Wandel im Planungs‐ und Ausführungsprozess. Das Projekt rückt wieder in den Mittelpunkt. Die Anpassungen der erforderlichen Technologie, wie z. B. der Hard‐ und Software, sind groß, erscheinen aber auf den zweiten Blick als die kleinere Herausforderung. Viel größer dagegen sind die Anstrengungen, die zur Anpassung der Prozesse und der Standards noch vor uns liegen. Zweifelsohne kann aber auch festgehalten werden, dass die Anforderungen an die beteiligten Menschen – Qualifikation, Veränderung, Bereitschaft und Mut für neue Wege – zu den größten Herausforderungen zählen, die noch zu bewältigen sind.
Dyadic judgments based on conflicting samples: The failure to ignore invalid input
Authors: Fiedler Klaus , Krüger Tobias , Koch Alex , Kutzner Florian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe present research demonstrates a so far unrecognized impediment of group performance, metacognitive myopia (Fiedler, 2012). Judges and decision‐makers follow the given samples of information uncritically and neglect the metacognitive assessment of the samples' validity. Applying this notion to dyadic judgments, we instructed dyads to jointly estimate conditional probabilities p (Win|A) and p (Win|B) of Lotteries A and B. One person per dyad experienced a valid sample (winning rates conditional on lotteries). The other person experienced an invalid, reverse sample (lotteries conditional on winning). Whereas valid samples provide unbiased estimates of lotteries' winning probabilities, invalid samples can greatly misrepresent the association of winning and lotteries (depending on lottery base rates). Across three experiments, metacognitive myopia—both at the individual and at the dyadic group level—prevented participants from discriminating valid and invalid samples. Group judgments were biased toward erroneous implications of invalid samples, reflecting an equality bias among unequal group members.
Nachträgliche Durchstanzertüchtigung mittels Betonschrauben
Authors: Spiegl Matthias , Walkner Rupert , Feix Jürgen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAn der Universität Innsbruck wurde ein nachträgliches Verstärkungssystem entwickelt, das den Durchstanzwiderstand von Betonbauteilen durch den Einbau von Betonschrauben signifikant anheben kann. Gerade der Bereich des Stützenanschlusses weist bei bestehenden Plattenbrücken und Flachdecken, verglichen mit den nach aktuellen Normen anzusetzenden Einwirkungen, oft Defizite hinsichtlich des Durchstanzwiderstands auf. In vier Versuchsserien wurde das Verstärkungssystem auf seine Wirksamkeit und Effizienz untersucht. Dabei konnte gezeigt werden, dass das System zu einer signifikanten Erhöhung des Durchstanzwiderstands führt. In diesem Aufsatz wird ein numerisches Modell beschrieben, das die Prognose der Durchstanzwiderstände von schraubenverstärkten Platten erlaubt. Dazu werden ausgewählte Durchstanzplatten aus den Laborversuchen nachgerechnet. Es zeigt sich, dass das numerische Modell sowohl die Traglasten von unverstärkten Durchstanzplatten als auch jene von schraubenverstärkten Platten sehr gut prognostiziert. Die in den Laborversuchen und in den numerischen Simulationen erhaltenen Traglasten werden anschließend mit den Ergebnissen eines Bemessungsansatzes verglichen. Dieser ermöglicht es, die Wirkung der Durchstanzverstärkung mit Betonschrauben in der Bemessung zu berücksichtigen. Die Berechnungen zeigen, dass der Bemessungsansatz die Durchstanzwiderstände mit hinreichender Sicherheit prognostiziert.
A colorimetric probe for detection of Cu2+ by the naked eye and application in test paper
Authors: Cao Xiaorui , Gao Qi , He Xiaotao , Bai Yinjuan , Sun Wei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA novel colorimetric probe RP1 was synthesized using rhodamine derivatives and heterocyclic compounds for the purpose of detecting Cu2+. RP1 showed good selectivity, high sensitivity and affinity toward Cu2+ over other competing ions in CH3OH–H2O (1/1, v/v) solution. Absorbance intensity showed a good linear fit between probe R1 and Cu2+ over the concentration range 1–8 μM and the association constant was also calculated to be 1.145 × 105 M−1. The sensing mechanism was deduced using Job's plot, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and density functional theory studies. In addition, the colorimetric experiment indicated that probe RP1 could be made into test paper to detect Cu2+ with a colour change from colourless to pink.
Evaluating environmental sustainability strategies in freight transport and logistics industry
Authors: Centobelli Piera , Cerchione Roberto , Esposito Emilio , Shashi  
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper provides a conceptual framework on green initiatives adoption in companies operating in freight transport and logistics industry and presents an overview on the emerging green practices and information systems adopted. On the basis of a literature review on the topic, a research question was identified and addressed through an analysis conducted in a sample of freight transport and logistics companies. This research question regards the behaviours of freight transporters in adopting green practices and information systems. As for the adoption of both green practices and information systems, the paper shows that freight transporters are not a homogeneous industry, but different types of behaviour emerge. As for the relationship between the degree of adoption of green practices and information systems, the paper proposes a taxonomy bringing together sustainable strategies for adopting green initiatives. Specifically, four strategies are identified: sustainability leaders, green practice adopters, information system adopters, and sustainability followers. These sustainable strategies highlight the different phases of the process of adoption of green initiatives.
Double stent fracture and in‐stent restenosis due to nodular calcification treated with Shockwave coronary intravascular lithotripsy
Authors: McCutcheon Keir , Bennett Johan , Adriaenssens Tom 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe describe the fracture of a double layer of stents caused by nodular calcification. This resulted in recurrent in‐stent restenosis, which was treated with Shockwave coronary intravascular lithotripsy.
Comparison of locally weighted PLS strategies for regression and discrimination on agronomic NIR data
Authors: Lesnoff Matthieu , Metz Maxime , Roger Jean‐Michel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn multivariate calibrations, locally weighted partial least squared regression (LWPLSR) is an efficient prediction method when heterogeneity of data generates nonlinear relations (curvatures and clustering) between the response and the explicative variables. This is frequent in agronomic data sets that gather materials of different natures or origins. LWPLSR is a particular case of weighted PLSR (WPLSR; ie, a statistical weight different from the standard 1/n is given to each of the n calibration observations for calculating the PLS scores/loadings and the predictions). In LWPLSR, the weights depend from the dissimilarity (which has to be defined and calculated) to the new observation to predict. This article compares two strategies of LWPLSR: (a) “LW”: the usual strategy where, for each new observation to predict, a WPLSR is applied to the n calibration observations (ie, entire calibration set) vs (b) “KNN‐LW”: a number of k nearest neighbors to the observation to predict are preliminary selected in the training set and WPLSR is applied only to this selected KNN set. On three illustrating agronomic data sets (quantitative and discrimination predictions), both strategies overpassed the standard PLSR. LW and KNN‐LW had close prediction performances, but KNN‐LW was much faster in computation time. KNN‐LW strategy is therefore recommended for large data sets. The article also presents a new algorithm for WPLSR, on the basis of the “improved kernel #1” algorithm, which is competitor and in general faster to the already published weighted PLS nonlinear iterative partial least squares (NIPALS).
Summer survival is a major limitation to interseeding Poaceae cover crops in Kentucky
Authors: Stanton Victoria L. , Haramoto Erin R. , Phillips Timothy D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInterseeding cover crops (CCs) may increase adoption in corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotations in areas with a limited establishment window after harvest. Interseeding could provide an additional use for grass varieties that have been developed from breeding programs. Interseeded CC species must survive through the summer, not cause yield loss in the main cash crop, and produce sufficient biomass to provision ecosystem services. We examined the potential of locally adapted forage grasses, most from the University of Kentucky's grass‐breeding program, as CCs interseeded in corn using field trials conducted over 2 yr (2016 and 2017) in Lexington and Princeton, KY. Grasses were drill‐interseeded when the corn was V5 or V6; density was measured through the summer and biomass measured the following spring prior to CC termination. Percent establishment was generally higher for the festulolium cultivars (× Schedolium braunii (K. Richt.) Stace [Schedonorus pratensis × Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum]), one of the larger‐seeded entries. In all but one site‐year, most of the forage grass plants did not survive the summer, and biomass by the following spring was minimal. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) had the best summer survival in most site‐years though spring biomass prior to termination was less than 1700 lb acre−1 (1905 kg ha−1). Establishment of cool‐season interseeded CCs will remain a challenge in Kentucky due to hot summer temperatures. Future research on interseeding CCs in this region should focus on finding tolerant species as well as evaluating soil and crop management strategies to support interseeding CCs.
Sudangrass as companion crop to establish alfalfa
Authors: Matteau Caroline , Seguin Philippe , Baurhoo Bushansingh , Mustafa Arif F. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWhen establishing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), the use of companion crops often suppresses weed growth and increases harvestable forage biomass. In Quebec, small‐grain cereals are traditionally used as companion crops, but the use of other recently introduced species such as sudangrass [Sorghum × drummondii (Nees ex. Steud.) Millsp. & Chase] has not yet been evaluated. This project was conducted to evaluate the impact of sudangrass, annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lamarck), and oat (Avena sativa L.) used as companion crops on alfalfa establishment, forage yield, forage quality, and persistence. When sown in June, sudangrass used as a companion crop may result in higher forage yields in the sowing year than other species. Moreover, sudangrass was less competitive overall with alfalfa than annual ryegrass, resulting in higher alfalfa yields and limited impact on alfalfa stand density. However, when weed pressure was high, sudangrass appeared to have lower weed suppression potential than other species. Alfalfa established with sudangrass produced forage with a similar nutritive value to alfalfa established with oat or annual ryegrass when sudangrass was planted in May but lower nutritive value than with annual ryegrass or solo‐sown alfalfa when sudangrass was planted in June. The effects of companion crops on alfalfa yields in the post‐sowing year were minimal overall. The results apply to the specific sowing rates used here and further studies should evaluate the performance of each companion crop at a wider range of sowing rates.
The influence of water pH on efficacy of fungicides for turf disease control
Authors: Stacy Trevor , Latin Richard 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFungicides are often mixed with water and applied as a dilute spray for controlling diseases on golf course turf. Although published reports show that water quality can influence the performance of certain herbicides, evidence of similar effects on fungicide efficacy is weak and largely anecdotal. The objective of this research was to investigate the influence of water pH on efficacy of fungicides commonly used against dollar spot, a problematic disease of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). Here, three fungicides (metconazole, thiophanate‐methyl, and iprodione) were mixed with water stabilized at three pH levels (pH = 5.0, 7.0, and 9.0) in in vitro and field experiments. A time factor was also considered (i.e., the time between mixing and application, where T0 indicated that the fungicides were applied immediately after mixing and T24 indicated that the fungicides were applied 24 h after mixing). Field experiments revealed little or no difference in fungicide performance when mixed in acidic (pH = 5.0), near‐neutral (pH = 7.0), and alkaline (pH = 9.0) water. The time factor was also not significant for all fungicides and water pH levels. Results from in vitro work on culture media supported field observations: few differences in pathogen growth were observed for pH and time factors. Although tank‐mixing products to neutralize water pH may be important, our results support the null hypothesis that the carrier water pH does not influence the efficacy of these three fungicides for controlling dollar spot on creeping bentgrass.
In‐row subsoiling benefits maize yield on soil with a shallow fragipan
Authors: Duiker Sjoerd W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPast research showed no yield improvement with subsoiling compared with no‐tillage on well‐drained soils in Pennsylvania. However, subsoiling may benefit crop yields on soils with a compacted subsoil, such as a fragipan. Fragipan soils cover 30% of the land surface of Pennsylvania and 27 million acres in the United States. This study was conducted to determine whether subsoiling an Andover loam soil (fine‐loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Fragiaquult) with a fragipan starting at 19 inches and a seasonally high water table would result in maize (Zea mays L.) yield improvements compared with no‐till. The research took place at Rock Springs, central Pennsylvania, from 2012 to 2014. Soil was subsoiled every spring to a 17‐inch depth with a straight‐shank subsoiler with straight tips and fluted coulters behind it. Approximately 80% of the soil surface remained undisturbed, guaranteeing soil erosion protection by crop residue and soil health maintenance. Penetration resistance was reduced by subsoiling to 14 inches the first year, and penetration resistance was still significantly lower than under no‐tillage 1 year later at 7 to 13 inches deep. On average, subsoiling increased maize yields by 11%. This research shows that subsoiling with reduced surface disturbance can increase maize yields on soils with a shallow fragipan while maintaining the benefits of conservation tillage for soil health.
PET Recycling – Contributions of Crystallization to Sustainability
Authors: Pudack Claudia , Stepanski Manfred , Fässler Peter 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPolyethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the most common thermoplastic polymers and its durability has become a major environmental concern. The current public debate on plastic debris also triggered the revision of PET recycling technologies. This Research Article focuses on the chemical recycling of PET by means of methanolysis. The process degrades PET into two main reaction products, dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and ethylene glycol (EG). Subsequent separation by distillation combined with crystallization removes critical impurities and non‐PET components from co‐polymers, providing monomers of high purity needed for re‐polymerization purposes.
The liquid‐gas mass transfer coefficient in open channel flow is correlated to the turbulent kinetic energy at the interface
Authors: Springer Fanny , Carrera Lucie , Lipeme Kouyi Gislain , Claro‐Barreto Alejandro , Buffiere Pierre 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMass transfer coefficients at the gas‐liquid interface were investigated for different flow configuration systems, a stirred tank reactor and a gravity pipe. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed for all tested experimental conditions. Since a poorly soluble gas (oxygen) was used, the overall mass transfer coefficient was clearly correlated to the hydrodynamic conditions in the liquid phase. However, a generic correlation between averaged interfacial liquid velocity and mass transfer coefficients was not found for both geometries. Finally, the averaged turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) at the interface is the most relevant parameter that was correlated to the mass transfer coefficient for both systems. The same relationship between oxygen mass transfer coefficient
K
L,O2 and TKE () can be applied for the two geometries investigated.