bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La spectrométrie de masse par accélérateur
Authors: Bourlés Didier L. , Simon Quentin , Thouveny Nicolas 
Published: September 2020

L’étude des nucléides cosmogéniques et leur application aux géosciences débutent dans les années 1980, avec le développement de spectromètres de masse par accélération dédiés. Depuis 2007, grâce à l’instrument national ASTER (Accélérateur pour les Sciences de la Terre, Environnement, Risques) du CEREGE, des progrès majeurs ont été réalisés. Ils ont permis la quantification jusqu’alors impossible de nombreux processus géophysiques.
Parmi ces avancées, la restitution fidèle du champ magnétique terrestre pendant le dernier million d’années a été rendu possible par les mesures de concentration du béryllium-10 (10Be) atmosphérique.
Congélation d’émulsions : de la mayonnaise à la métallurgie
Authors: Deville Sylvain , Monteux Cécile 
Published: September 2020

Si congeler de la mayonnaise n’est pas recommandé, cela pourrait toutefois nous aider à comprendre la fabrication d’alliages métalliques, la cryopréservation des cellules ou encore la congélation des sols en hiver.
Nous nous intéressons ici au cas des gouttes d’huile dans une émulsion, observées par microscopie confocale au cours de la congélation. De nombreux phénomènes physiques (transport, diffusion, solidification, instabilités) prennent place lors de ce processus, offrant aux physicien.ne.s un problème inédit aux multiples ramifications. Ces études pourraient améliorer notre compréhension de plusieurs phénomènes de solidification, naturels comme technologiques.
Fluid M/M/1 catastrophic queue in a random environment
Authors: Ammar Sherif I. 
Published: September 2020

Our main objective in this study is to investigate the stationary behavior of a fluid catastrophic queue of M/M/1 in a random multi-phase environment. Occasionally, a queueing system experiences a catastrophic failure causing a loss of all current jobs. The system then goes into a process of repair. As soon as the system is repaired, it moves with probability qi ≥ 0 to phase i. In this study, the distribution of the buffer content is determined using the probability generating function. In addition, some numerical results are provided to illustrate the effect of various parameters on the distribution of the buffer content.
Flare of Antiphospholipid Syndrome in the Course of COVID-19
Authors: Maria Alexandre Thibault Jacques , Diaz-Cau Isabelle , Benejean Jean-Marc , Nutz Anaïs , Schiffmann Aurélie , Biron-Andreani Christine , Guilpain Philippe 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe report the case of a 48-year-old man followed since 2013 for primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APLS) revealed by venous thromboembolism in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (APL-Abs, anticardiolipin and anti-β-2-glycoprotein-1), who decompensated in the course of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Despite efficient anticoagulation, he suffered bilateral adrenal glands hemorrhage and limb arterial ischemia. The tropism of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 for endothelium can lead to microangiopathy and increased risk for thrombosis. If APL-Abs positivity can be an epiphenomenon under inflammatory and prothrombotic conditions, COVID-19 was herein responsible for disseminated thrombosis and a threat of catastrophic APLS, despite efficient anticoagulation.
Perinatal androgens organize sex differences in mast cells and attenuate anaphylaxis severity into adulthood
Authors: Mackey Emily , Thelen Kyan M. , Bali Vedrana , Fardisi Mahsa , Trowbridge Madalyn , Jordan Cynthia L. , Moeser Adam J. 
Published: September 2020

SignificanceMast cell (MC)-associated disorders exhibit a sex bias, with females at increased risk. While attention has been directed to adult sex hormones as a mechanism for disease risk between the sexes, epidemiological evidence clearly shows that these same sex biases also exist in prepubertal children, thus challenging this concept. Here, we show that perinatal, but not adult gonadal, androgens play a protective role in MC-mediated anaphylaxis severity into adulthood. We propose that perinatal androgens mediate their protective effects via programming of bone marrow MC precursors to exhibit reduced granule histamine and release. These findings shift attention to perinatal life as a critical period for potential interventions to mitigate MC-associated disease risk across the lifespan in males and females.
Disruption of a key ligand-H-bond network drives dissociative properties in vamorolone for Duchenne muscular dystrophy treatment
Authors: Liu Xu , Wang Yashuo , Gutierrez Jennifer S. , Damsker Jesse M. , Nagaraju Kanneboyina , Hoffman Eric P. , Ortlund Eric A. 
Published: September 2020

Significance
Corticosteroids that are currently in clinical use bind to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to exert antiinflammation effects, yet are associated with undesirable side effects. Vamorolone is a recently developed drug for Duchenne muscular dystrophy; it decreases muscle inflammation and reduces side effects observed in other corticosteroid-based treatments. Our structure studies reveal a crucial GR-ligand hydrogen bond is not possible in vamorolone. An unprecedented allosteric intramolecular network derived from this hydrogen bond modulates GR dynamic motions and coregulator binding. Our work provides insights into how subtle modifications on a drug exploits structural and dynamic properties in the receptor to dissociate downstream side effects from therapeutic benefits.
Global potential, topology, and pattern selection in a noisy stabilized Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation
Authors: Chen Yong-Cong , Shi Chunxiao , Kosterlitz J. M. , Zhu Xiaomei , Ao Ping 
Published: September 2020

Significance
Vortex or pattern formations are caused by nonlinear interactions within a complex system far from equilibrium. They cannot be well described by variational methods based on traditional potential functions. We aim to bridge the gap in this research. A previously developed stochastic decomposition on finite dimensions is extended to continuous nonlinear partial differential equations. Using a noisy stabilized Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation as a role model, we show that a certain process of pattern selections can be viewed as stochastically driven on a global potential landscape, with a topology of an interconnected network of saddle points. The approach paves a way to further explore nonlinear phenomena under the general umbrella of statistical physics.
Calcium imaging in freely moving mice during electrical stimulation of deep brain structures
Authors: Trevathan James K , Asp Anders J , Nicolai Evan N , Trevathan Jonathan M , Kremer Nicholas A , Kozai Takashi DY , Cheng David , Schachter Mike J , Nassi Jonathan J , Otte Stephani L , Parker Jones G , Lujan J Luis , Ludwig Kip A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective. After decades of study in humans and animal models, there remains a lack of consensus regarding how the action of electrical stimulation on neuronal and non-neuronal elements—e.g. neuropil, cell bodies, glial cells, etc.—leads to the therapeutic effects of neuromodulation therapies. To further our understanding of neuromodulation therapies, there is a critical need for novel methodological approaches using state-of-the-art neuroscience tools to study neuromodulation therapy in preclinical models of disease. Approach. In this manuscript we outline one such approach combining chronic behaving single-photon microendoscope recordings in a pathological mouse model with electrical stimulation of a common deep brain stimulation (DBS) target. We describe in detail the steps necessary to realize this approach, as well as discuss key considerations for extending this experimental paradigm to other DBS targets for different therapeutic indications. Additionally, we make recommendations from our experience on implementing and validating the required combination of procedures that includes: the induction of a pathological model (6-hydroxy dopamine model of Parkinson’s disease) through an injection procedure, the injection of the viral vector to induce GCaMP expression, the implantation of the gradient refractive index lens and stimulation electrode, and the installation of a baseplate for mounting the microendoscope. We proactively identify unique data analysis confounds occurring due to the combination of electrical stimulation and optical recordings and outline an approach to address these confounds. Main results. In order to validate the technical feasibility of this unique combination of experimental methods, we present data to demonstrate that (1) despite the complex multifaceted surgical procedures, chronic optical recordings of hundreds of cells combined with stimulation is achievable over week long periods (2) this approach enables measurement of differences in DBS evoked neural activity between anesthetized and awake conditions and (3) this combination of techniques can be used to measure electrical stimulation induced changes in neural activity during behavior in a pathological mouse model. Significance. These findings are presented to underscore the feasibility and potential utility of minimally constrained optical recordings to elucidate the mechanisms of DBS therapies in animal models of disease.
Chronic intracochlear electrical stimulation at high charge densities: reducing platinum dissolution
Authors: Shepherd Robert K , Carter Paul M , Enke Ya Lang , Thompson Alex , Flynn Brianna , Trang Ella P , Dalrymple Ashley N , Fallon James B 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective. Cochleae of long-term cochlear implant users have shown evidence of particulate platinum (Pt) corroded from the surface of Pt electrodes. The pathophysiological effect of Pt within the cochlea has not been extensively investigated. We previously evaluated the effects of Pt corrosion at high charge densities and reported negligible pathophysiological impact. The present study extends this work by examining techniques that may reduce Pt corrosion. Approach. Deafened guinea pigs were continuously stimulated for 28 d using biphasic current pulses at extreme charge densities using: (i) electrode shorting; (ii) electrode shorting with capacitive coupling (CC); or (iii) electrode shorting with alternating leading phase (AP). On completion of stimulation, cochleae were examined for corrosion product, tissue response, auditory nerve (AN) survival and trace levels of Pt; and electrodes examined for surface corrosion. Main results. Pt corrosion was evident at ≥200 μC cm−2 phase−1; the amount dependent on charge density (p< 0.01) and charge recovery technique (p < 0.01); reduced corrosion was apparent using CC. Tissue response increased with charge density (p< 0.007); cochleae stimulated at ≥200 μC cm−2 phase−1 exhibited a vigorous response including a focal region of necrosis and macrophages. Notably, tissue response was not dependent on the charge recovery technique (p = 0.56). Despite stimulation at high charge densities resulting in significant levels of Pt corrosion, there was no stimulus induced loss of ANs. Significance. Significant increases in tissue response and Pt corrosion were observed following stimulation at high charge densities. Charge recovery using CC, and to a lesser extent AP, reduced the amount of Pt corrosion but not the tissue response. Stimulation at change densities an order of magnitude higher than those used when programming cochlear implant recipients in the clinic, produced a vigorous tissue response and corrosion products without evidence of neural loss.
Silk fibroin reactive inks for 3D printing crypt-like structures
Authors: Heichel Danielle L , Tumbic Julia A , Boch Marisa E , Ma Anson W K , Burke Kelly A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A reactive silk fibroin ink formulation designed for extrusion three-dimensional (3D) printing of protein-based hydrogels at room temperature is reported. This work is motivated by the need to produce protein hydrogels that can be printed into complex shapes with long-term stability using extrusion 3D printing at ambient temperature without the need for the addition of nanocomposites, synthetic polymers, or sacrifical templates. Silk fibroin from the Bombyx mori silkworm was purified and synthesized into reactive inks by enzyme-catalyzed dityrosine bond formation. Rheological and printing studies showed that tailoring the peroxide concentration in the reactive ink enables the silk to be extruded as a filament and printed into hydrogel constructs, supporting successive printed layers without flow of the construct or loss of desired geometry. To enable success of longer-term in vitro studies, 3D printed silk hydrogels were found to display excellent shape retention over time, as evidenced by no change in construct dimensions or topography when maintained for nine weeks in culture medium. Caco-2 (an intestinal epithelial cell line) attachment, proliferation, and tight junction formation on the printed constructs was not found to be affected by the geometry of the constructs tested. Intestinal myofibroblasts encapsulated within reactive silk inks were found to survive shearing during printing and proliferate within the hydrogel constructs. The work here thus provides a suitable route for extrusion 3D printing of protein hydrogel constructs that maintain their shape during printing and culture, and is expected to enable longer-term cellular studies of hydrogel constructs that require complex geometries and/or varying spatial distributions of cells on demand via digital printing.
Experimental Investigation of Under Reamed Pile Subjected to Dynamic Loading in Sandy Soil
Authors: Jebur Maher M. , Ahmed Mahmood D. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an experimental study between uniform pile and different types of under-reamed pile, single bulb. The under-reamed piles are piles with enlarged bases that are suitable to resist considerable movement of the ground, filed up ground, soft clay, and loose sand which have advantages to increase the soil strength, uplift capacity, and decrease the displacement. In the present study, there are experimental analyze to performance the suitable under-reamed type under sinusoidal load from vertical vibration (motor-oscillator was mounted directly on the pile cap. The main finding of this work is that the pile capacity increases with the ream and that all stress values of soil-structure interaction beneath the pile tip and under-reamed pile bulb due to external load can be founded. The under-reamed pile is made of reinforced concrete and the bulb is located at different positions of the embedded length of the pile. The type of soil used in the present work was loose sand and obtained from Karbala city. The Dynamic time-settlement curve has been obtained from the analysis and it was showed that the reduction in settlement is about 223% in case of using a single bulb from L/2 from pile tip which is the best results in comparison with the uniform pile.
Simulation of Sediment Transport in the Upper Reach of Al-Gharraf River
Authors: Daham Mariam Hadi , Abed Basim Sh. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
For the past few years, the sediment began to accumulate in Al-Gharraf River which reduces the flow capacity of the River. In the present research, a numerical model was developed using Hec-Ras software, version 5.0.4. to simulate the flow and sediment transport in the upper reach of the river. The hydrological and cross-section data measured by the Ministry of Water Resources, for the reach located between Kut and Hai cities and having a length of 58200 m, was used to perform calibration and verification of the model. Moreover, field sampling of suspended and bed loads was gathered for five months starting from 7/2/2019, and laboratory tests of samples were conducted to be used as input data in the model. Actual flowrates for the year 2018 were used to predict the sediment accumulation in the river, and the results show that the accumulated deposition was ranged between 2.5 cm to 1m, while the erosion depth ranged between -4cm to -2cm. Furthermore, the estimated amounts of sediment discharges were ranged between 70 and 1308 Tones/day. Then four scenarios of flowrates ranged between 100-300 m3/s were used to analyze the possible sedimentation problems and to propose the treatment needed to preserve the morphology of the river The results show that the invert changes of bed depth were ranged between -2 to 9 cm, and the sediment discharge ranged between, 33 to 970 Tones/day. A lining of specified sub-reaches using the concrete or by the grouted riprap was proposed to avoid sedimentation or erosion respectively.
Geoecological Maps of Surface Water Pollution Akmola Region of Kazakhstan Based on Hydrochemical Analyzes
Authors: Raikhan Beisenova , Gulnur Saspugayeva , Aizhan Zhamangara , Makhabbat Ramazanova , Assel Tulebekova 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Ecological and geographical map that characterizes the introduction and storage in the natural or built environment of physical, chemical, and biological substances in concentrations exceeding the natural (background) values and adversely affecting human health, fauna, flora, and other components of the environment. Maps may reflect contamination of the earth, atmosphere, surface water and groundwater, soils, vegetation, wildlife, and others. They show the sources of pollution (solid waste, air emissions of gases and aerosols, drains and diversion of utilities and others), pollution factors (impact of power plants, transportation, industrial production, animal husbandry, and so on), distribution of natural and man-made pollutants (mechanical, physical, chemical, biological), and others. The levels of pollution often characterize the performance of exceeding the maximum permissible concentration (MPC), the maximum permissible emissions (MPE), and other regulations.
Influence of Modern Processes of Life to The Architecture and Environmental Problems of Urbanization-Cities of Kazakhstan
Authors: Olga Semenyuk , Yelena Khvan , Rahima Chekayeva , Sara Sadykova , Elmira Toibazarova 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Two directions of research were formed in the theory of architecture: The first is devoted to the issues of architectural design. In the second study the features of the influence of architecture on people. This is a two-way process of human interaction with the environment, it allows you to study in detail in the future, not only the design of an architectural object, but also the state of people interacting with it. On the one hand, a person changes the environment, and on the other reacts to its impact and influence. And this process is an integral part of human life, because the environment affects his emotional state, mental and physiological processes. This underscores the importance of studying the impact of the surrounding urban space on people, regulating the level of comfortable living by analyzing the ecological state of the environment and the quality of buildings being built. Life processes can be formulated as: spiritual, psychological, physiological, mental, bioenergetic, which affect morphogenesis in architecture. When describing an architectural object, we use such criteria as the functionality of the object, the aesthetics of the construction cost, and the modernity of the architectural solution of the building.
Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Different Types of Green Roofs over the Linear Thermal Bridges
Authors: Baciu I-R , Isopescu D N , Taranu N , Lupu M L , Maxineasa S G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
During recent years, it appears in the background of global discussions the negative impact resulted from the daily humans’ activities. Taking into account the present surface of the built environment and also the fact that this area will significantly increase shortly, it can be considered that using the buildings to develop new solutions like green roofs. The expanding benefits of a green roof emphasize the key role of this structure in the overall thermal performance of buildings and microclimate conditions of indoor spaces. The main objective of the study is to analyse and to interpret the influence of all three main categories of a green roof on the heat flow, in the thermal bridges developed structurally in buildings. The study based on the structural elements of each type of roof, their thermic characteristics and the principal types of thermal bridges will represent a comparison between the thermal impact of a classical terrace roof and that of the extensive, semi-intensive and intensive green roof. In conclusion, the unpredictable results obtained for the analysed thermal parameters let conclude that the green roof solution in all the three forms has an environmental impact, in terms of both sustainability and aesthetics.
Ship resistance and powering prediction of a fishing vessel
Authors: Bilec M , Obreja C D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The ship resistance and powering are the most important hydrodynamics performances. In the case of a fishing vessel, both the design speed and trawling speed conditions must be analysed. The ship resistance and powering prediction at design speed were performed in this paper, on the basis of the Holtrop-Mennen method, by using two specific CAD-CAE platforms: AVEVA MARINE (Initial Design module) and PHP (developed in the Naval Architecture Faculty of “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati). A comparative analysis of the theoretical prediction of the fishing vessel resistance, at full loading condition, with experimental results obtained at the model resistance tests, was presented and the level of accuracy was evaluated. Significant differences were determined between theoretical and experimental results. Also, the trawling condition was analysed. The trawl resistance was estimated on the basis of the typical empirical relations and the simulation software Trawl Vision Software (TVS), developed by AcruxSoft. A considerable increase of the trawl resistance with the ship speed was observed. The trawling speed was calculated on the basis of the brake power necessary for the design speed condition. Taking into account both the ship resistance and trawl resistance estimation, an increase in the accuracy level of the theoretical methods must be performed. Also, numerical and experimental researches must be developed related to the influence of the typical geometry of the trawl, on the resistance performance.
Thermodynamic Cycle Optimization for an Advanced Micro Turbine Power Plant
Authors: Bucur I O , Dumitrescu O , Nicoara R , Vilag J , Dragan V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Research interest regarding micro turbines has improved, as their development and manufacturing increased due to the rapid expansion of their application range, from military applications to civil ones. This paper aims to present the methodology used for the ascertainment of the optimal configuration for the functional parameters of a micro jet engine, using a mathematical model for the evaluation of the Brayton cycle as well as a commercial software for its investigation. The DevJet micro jet engine is developed for a thrust of 80 daN with an estimated rotational speed of 40,000 rpm. An analytical model of the Brayton cycle for the evaluation of the main parameters of interest is employed and twelve variants are evaluated, considering values for the pressure ratio ranging from 4 and up to 5, while the maximum temperature range is between 1,050 K and 1,200 K. The optimal variant is selected, and the data is transferred to the commercial software GasTurb in order to generate the diagram of the thermodynamic cycle. The outcome of this research paper represents the input data for the 3D modelling and numerical simulation of the main systems of the micro jet engine.