bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating multiple omics to identify common and specific molecular changes occurring in Arabidopsis under chronic nitrate and sulfate limitations
Authors: Luo Jie , Havé Marien , Clément Gilles , Tellier Frédérique , Balliau Thierry , Launay-Avon Alexandra , Guérard Florence , Zivy Michel , Masclaux-Daubresse Céline 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Plants have fundamental dependences on nitrogen and sulfur and frequently have to cope with chronic limitations when their supply is sub-optimal. This study aimed at characterizing the metabolomic, proteomic, and transcriptomic changes occurring in Arabidopsis leaves under chronic nitrate (Low-N) and chronic sulfate (Low-S) limitations in order to compare their effects, determine interconnections, and examine strategies of adaptation. Metabolite profiling globally revealed opposite effects of Low-S and Low-N on carbohydrate and amino acid accumulations, whilst proteomic data showed that both treatments resulted in increases in catabolic processes, stimulation of mitochondrial and cytosolic metabolism, and decreases in chloroplast metabolism. Lower abundances of ribosomal proteins and translation factors under Low-N and Low-S corresponded with growth limitation. At the transcript level, the major and specific effect of Low-N was the enhancement of expression of defence and immunity genes. The main effect of chronic Low-S was a decrease in transcripts of genes involved in cell division, DNA replication, and cytoskeleton, and an increase in the expression of autophagy genes. This was consistent with a role of target-of-rapamycin kinase in the control of plant metabolism and cell growth and division under chronic Low-S. In addition, Low-S decreased the expression of several NLP transcription factors, which are master actors in nitrate sensing. Finally, both the transcriptome and proteome data indicated that Low-S repressed glucosinolate synthesis, and that Low-N exacerbated glucosinolate degradation. This showed the importance of glucosinolate as buffering molecules for N and S management.
Transcriptional reprogramming and enhanced photosynthesis drive inducible salt tolerance in sugarcane mutant line M4209
Authors: Negi Pooja , Pandey Manish , Dorn Kevin M , Nikam Ashok A , Devarumath Rachayya M , Srivastava Ashish K , Suprasanna Penna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is a globally cultivated cash crop whose yield is negatively affected by soil salinity. In this study, we investigated the molecular basis of inducible salt tolerance in M4209, a sugarcane mutant line generated through radiation-induced mutagenesis. Under salt-contaminated field conditions, M4209 exhibited 32% higher cane yield as compared with its salt-sensitive parent, Co86032. In pot experiments, post-sprouting phenotyping indicated that M4209 had significantly greater leaf biomass compared with Co86032 under treatment with 50 mM and 200 mM NaCl. This was concomitant with M4209 having 1.9-fold and 1.6-fold higher K+/Na+ ratios, and 4-fold and 40-fold higher glutathione reductase activities in 50 mM and 200 mM NaCl, respectively, which suggested that it had better ionic and redox homeostasis than Co86032. Transcriptome profiling using RNA-seq indicated an extensive reprograming of stress-responsive modules associated with photosynthesis, transmembrane transport, and metabolic processes in M4209 under 50 mM NaCl stress. Using ranking analysis, we identified Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL), Acyl-Transferase Like (ATL), and Salt-Activated Transcriptional Activator (SATA) as the genes most associated with salt tolerance in M4209. M4209 also exhibited photosynthetic rates that were 3–4-fold higher than those of Co86032 under NaCl stress conditions. Our results highlight the significance of transcriptional reprogramming coupled with improved photosynthetic efficiency in determining salt tolerance in sugarcane.
Bearing Witness to God: Ricoeur and the Practice of Religious Testimony
Authors: Myers Jacob D 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Philosophers of religion and theologians have long debated one of the most fundamental features of religious life, namely, how humans are able to talk about God. More than others, Paul Ricoeur has offered a viable philosophical account for bearing witness to the Divine beyond the strictures of logical positivism. Nevertheless, ‘bearing witness’ (martureó) remains problematic for living religion because it is always already oriented toward a kind of death (martyr). While acknowledging the approbation Ricoeur deserves for enabling religious expression, this essay challenges Ricoeur’s Kantian and Naberian presuppositions in light of feminist philosophies (of religion). Scholars like Luce Irigaray and Grace Jantzen help us think beyond the a priori limits that structure God-talk as a burden to bear, opening thereby a discursive frame beyond the phallogocentric and necrophilic.
K2-280 b – a low density warm sub-Saturn around a mildly evolved star
Authors: Nowak Grzegorz , Palle Enric , Gandolfi Davide , Deeg Hans J , Hirano Teruyuki , Barragán Oscar , Kuzuhara Masayuki , Dai Fei , Luque Rafael , Persson Carina M , Fridlund Malcolm , Johnson Marshall C , Korth Judith , Livingston John H , Grziwa Sascha , Mathur Savita , Hatzes Artie P , Prieto-Arranz Jorge , Nespral David , Hidalgo Diego , Hjorth Maria , Albrecht Simon , Van Eylen Vincent , Lam Kristine W F , Cochran William D , Esposito Massimiliano , Csizmadia Szilárd , Guenther Eike W , Kabath Petr , Blay Pere , Brahm Rafael , Jordán Andrés , Espinoza Néstor , Rojas Felipe , Casasayas Barris Núria , Rodler Florian , Alonso Sobrino Roi , Cabrera Juan , Carleo Ilaria , Chaushev Alexander , de Leon Jerome , Eigmüller Philipp , Endl Michael , Erikson Anders , Fukui Akihiko , Georgieva Iskra , González-Cuesta Lucía , Knudstrup Emil , Lund Mikkel N , Montañes Rodríguez Pilar , Murgas Felipe , Narita Norio , Niraula Prajwal , Pätzold Martin , Rauer Heike , Redfield Seth , Ribas Ignasi , Skarka Marek , Smith Alexis M S , Subjak Jano 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
We present an independent discovery and detailed characterization of K2-280 b, a transiting low density warm sub-Saturn in a 19.9-d moderately eccentric orbit (e = $0.35_{-0.04}^{+0.05}$ ) from K2 campaign 7. A joint analysis of high precision HARPS, HARPS-N, and FIES radial velocity measurements and K2 photometric data indicates that K2-280 b has a radius of Rb = 7.50 ± 0.44 R⊕ and a mass of Mb = 37.1 ± 5.6 M⊕, yielding a mean density of ρb = $0.48 _{ - 0.10 } ^ { + 0.13 }$ ${\rm g\, cm^{-3}}$. The host star is a mildly evolved G7 star with an effective temperature of Teff = 5500 ± 100 K, a surface gravity of $\log \, g_{\star }$ = 4.21 ± 0.05 (cgs), and an iron abundance of [Fe/H] = ${0.33}\, {\pm }\, {0.08}$ dex, and with an inferred mass of M⋆ = 1.03 ± 0.03 M⊙ and a radius of R⋆ = 1.28 ± 0.07 R⊙. We discuss the importance of K2-280 b for testing formation scenarios of sub-Saturn planets and the current sample of this intriguing group of planets that are absent in the Solar system.
Broad-band X-ray characteristics of the transient pulsar GRO J2058+42
Authors: Kabiraj Sanhita , Paul Biswajit 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
The Be X-ray binary GRO J2058+42 recently went through a Type-II outburst during 2019 March–April lasting for about 50 d. This outburst was detected with the operating all sky X-ray monitors like the Fermi-GBM, Swift-BAT, and MAXI-GSC. Two Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array(NuSTAR) observations were also made, one during the rise and other during the decay of the outburst. It gave us the unique opportunity to analyse the broad-band characteristics of the pulsar for the first time and accretion torque characteristics of the pulsar over a range of X-ray luminosity. The pulse profiles are strongly energy-dependent, with at least four different pulse components at low energy (&lt; 20 keV), which evolves to a single-peaked profile at high energy (&gt; 30 keV). In each of the narrow energy bands, the pulse profiles are nearly identical in the two NuSTAR observations. The spectra from both the observations are fitted well to a power-law with a Fermi–Dirac-type high-energy cutoff. We ruled out presence of a cyclotron line in the pulse phase averaged X-ray spectrum in the NuSTAR band with an optical depth greater than 0.15. An iron emission line is detected in both the NuSTAR spectra with an equivalent width of about 125 eV. We looked at the dependence of the spin-up rate on the luminosity and estimated the magnetic field strength from that, which came out to be much higher compared to other known BeXRB pulsars. Lastly, we discussed the inadequacy of the torque–luminosity relation for determination of magnetic field strength of neutron stars.
Binary fraction indicators in resolved stellar populations and supernova-type ratios
Authors: Stanway E R , Eldridge J J , Chrimes A A 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
The binary fraction of a stellar population can have pronounced effects on its properties, and, in particular, the number counts of different massive star types, and the relative subtype rates of the supernovae (SNe) that end their lives. Here we use binary population synthesis models with a binary fraction that varies with initial mass to test the effects on resolved stellar pops and SNe, and ask whether these can constrain the poorly-known binary fraction in different mass and metallicity regimes. We show that Wolf–Rayet (WR) star subtype ratios are valuable binary diagnostics, but require large samples to distinguish by models. Uncertainties in which stellar models would be spectroscopically classified as WR stars are explored. The ratio of thermonuclear, stripped-envelope, and other core-collapse SNe may prove a more accessible test and upcoming surveys will be sufficient to constrain both the high- and low-mass binary fraction in the z &lt; 1 galaxy population.
The origin of hotspots around Sgr A*: orbital or pattern motion?
Authors: Matsumoto Tatsuya , Chan Chi-Ho , Piran Tsvi 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
The Gravity Collaboration detected a near-infrared hotspot moving around Sgr A* during the 2018 July 22 flare. They fitted the partial loop the hotspot made on the sky with a circular Keplerian orbit of radius $\simeq 7.5\, r_{\rm g}$ around the supermassive black hole (BH), where rg is the gravitational radius. However, because the hotspot traversed the loop in a short time, models in which the hotspot tracks the motion of some fluid element tend to produce a best-fitting trajectory smaller than the observed loop. This is true for a circular Keplerian orbit, even when BH spin is accounted for, and for motion along a radiatively inefficient accretion flow (RIAF) streamline. A marginally bound geodesic suffers from the same problem; in addition, it is not clear what the origin of an object following the geodesic would be. The observed hotspot motion is more likely a pattern motion. Circular motion with $r\simeq 12.5\, r_\mathrm{g}$ and a super-Keplerian speed $\simeq 0.8\, c$ is a good fit. Such motion must be pattern motion because it cannot be explained by physical forces. The pattern speed is compatible with magnetohydrodynamic perturbations, provided that the magnetic field is sufficiently strong. Circular pattern motion of radius $\sim 20\, r_{\rm g}$ on a plane above the BH is an equally good alternative; in this case, the hotspot may be caused by a precessing outflow interacting with a surrounding disc. As all our fits have relatively large radii, we cannot constrain the BH spin using these observations.
Quasar Sightline and Galaxy Evolution (QSAGE) survey – II. Galaxy overdensities around UV luminous quasars at z = 1–2
Authors: Stott J P , Bielby R M , Cullen F , Burchett J N , Tejos N , Fumagalli M , Crain R A , Morris S L , Amos N , Bower R G , Prochaska J X 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
We demonstrate that the UV brightest quasars at z = 1–2 live in overdense environments. This is based on an analysis of deep Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 G141 grism spectroscopy of the galaxies along the lines-of-sight to UV luminous quasars in the redshift range z = 1–2. This constitutes some of the deepest grism spectroscopy performed by WFC3, with four roll angles spread over a year of observations to mitigate the effect of overlapping spectra. Of the 12 quasar fields studied, 8 display evidence for a galaxy overdensity at the redshift of the quasar. One of the overdensities, PG0117 + 213 at z = 1.50, has potentially 36 spectroscopically confirmed members, consisting of 19 with secure redshifts and 17 with single-line redshifts, within a cylinder of radius ∼700 kpc. Its halo mass is estimated to be log (M/M⊙) = 14.7. This demonstrates that spectroscopic and narrow-band observations around distant UV bright quasars may be an excellent route for discovering protoclusters. Our findings agree with previous hints from statistical observations of the quasar population and theoretical works, as feedback regulated black hole growth predicts a correlation between quasar luminosity and halo mass. We also present the high signal-to-noise rest-frame optical spectral and photometric properties of the quasars themselves.
Chromatin recruitment of OGG1 requires cohesin and mediator and is essential for efficient 8-oxoG removal
Authors: Lebraud Emilie , Pinna Guillaume , Siberchicot Capucine , Depagne Jordane , Busso Didier , Fantini Damiano , Irbah Lamya , Robeska Elena , Kratassiouk Gueorgui , Ravanat Jean-Luc , Epe Bernd , Radicella J Pablo , Campalans Anna 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
One of the most abundant DNA lesions induced by oxidative stress is the highly mutagenic 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), which is specifically recognized by 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) to initiate its repair. How DNA glycosylases find small non-helix-distorting DNA lesions amongst millions of bases packaged in the chromatin-based architecture of the genome remains an open question. Here, we used a high-throughput siRNA screening to identify factors involved in the recognition of 8-oxoG by OGG1. We show that cohesin and mediator subunits are required for re-localization of OGG1 and other base excision repair factors to chromatin upon oxidative stress. The association of OGG1 with euchromatin is necessary for the removal of 8-oxoG. Mediator subunits CDK8 and MED12 bind to chromatin and interact with OGG1 in response to oxidative stress, suggesting they participate in the recruitment of the DNA glycosylase. The oxidative stress-induced association between the cohesin and mediator complexes and OGG1 reveals an unsuspected function of those complexes in the maintenance of genomic stability.
Video-Based Motion Analysis Use: A National Survey of Orthopedic Physical Therapists
Authors: Hensley Craig P , Millican Devyn , Hamilton Nida , Yang Amy , Lee Jungwha , Chang Alison H 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Motion analysis is performed by physical therapists to assess and improve movement. Two-dimensional video-based motion analysis (VBMA) is available for smartphones/tablets and requires little to no equipment or cost. Research on VBMA use in clinical practice is limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the current use of VBMA in orthopedic physical therapist practice.

Methods
Members of the Academy of Orthopaedic Physical Therapy completed an online survey. Questions examined frequency of VBMA use, reasons for use, facilitators/barriers, device/apps used, practice patterns, other certificates/degrees, and demographic information.

Results
Among the final analysis sample of 477 respondents, 228 (47.8%) use VBMA. Of 228 VBMA users, 91.2% reported using it for ≤25% of their caseload, and 57.9% reported using their personal device to capture movement. Reasons for using VBMA included visual feedback for patient education (91.7%), analysis of movement (91.2%), and assessment of progress (51.8%). Barriers to use included lack of device/equipment (48.8%), lack of space (48.6%), and time restraint (32.1%). Those with ≤20 years of clinical experience (odds ratio [OR] = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.21–2.76), residency training (OR = 2.49, 95% CI = 1.14–5.43), and fellowship training (OR = 2.97, 95% CI = 1.32–6.66), and those from the West region of the United States (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.07–2.56) were more likely to use VBMA.

Conclusions
More than 50% of surveyed orthopedic physical therapists do not use VBMA in clinical practice. Future research should be directed toward assessing reliability and validity of VBMA use by smartphones, tablets, and apps and examining whether VBMA use enhances treatment outcomes. Data security, patient confidentiality, and integration into the electronic medical record should be addressed.

Impact
This study is the first to our knowledge to describe the use of VBMA in orthopedic physical therapist practice in the United States. It is the first step in understanding how VBMA is used and might be used to enhance clinical assessment and treatment outcomes.
CAMTA3 negatively regulates disease resistance through modulating immune response and extensive transcriptional reprogramming in cassava
Authors: Chang Yanli , Bai Yujing , Wei Yunxie , Shi Haitao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
As one of the important crops in the world, cassava production is seriously threatened by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) all year round. Calmodulin-binding transcription activators (CAMTAs) play key roles in biotic stress and abiotic stress in plants, however, their roles in cassava remain elusive. In this study, six MeCAMTAs were identified, and MeCAMTA3 with the highest induction upon Xam infection was confirmed as a transcription factor that binds to the vCGCGb motif. MeCAMTA3 negatively regulates plant disease resistance against Xam. On the one hand, MeCAMTA3 negatively regulated endogenous salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species accumulation, pathogenesis-related genes MePRs’ transcripts and callose deposition during cassava-Xam interaction but not under control conditions. On the other hand, RNA sequencing showed extensive transcriptional reprogramming by MeCAMTA3, especially 18 genes with a vCGCGb motif in the promoter region in hormone signaling, antioxidant signaling and other disease resistance signaling. Notably, chromatin immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction showed that eight of these genes might be directly regulated by MeCAMTA3 through transcriptional repression. In summary, MeCAMTA3 negatively regulates plant disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight through modulation of multiple immune responses during cassava-Xam interaction and extensive transcriptional reprogramming.
Adjunct treatment in snakebite envenoming: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Rodrigo Chaturaka , Gnanathasan Ariaranee 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Adjunct therapy in snakebite may be lifesaving if administered appropriately or can be harmful if non-judicious use leads to avoidable delays in administering antivenom. This systematic review analyses the evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of adjunct treatment administered with antivenom. PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane library and CINAHL were searched for RCTs enrolling patients with snakebite envenoming where a treatment other than antivenom has been assessed for its efficacy within the last 25 y. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The interventions assessed were categorised as adjunct therapies (heparin or fresh frozen plasma) to reverse haemotoxicity (three studies), antibiotics to prevent local infections (three studies), steroids to reduce local swelling (one study), premedication (adrenaline, steroids and antihistamines, either alone or in combination) to reduce hypersensitivity reactions to antivenom (five studies) and other interventions (three studies). Apart from a beneficial effect of low-dose adrenaline (1:1000, 0.25 ml administered subcutaneously) in preventing antivenom-induced hypersensitivities (OR: 0.54, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.93, two RCTs, 354 participants, moderate certainty evidence) in Sri Lanka, evidence for any other adjunct therapy is either non-existent or needs confirmation by larger better designed trials.
Tracheostomy and Gastrostomy in Geriatric Trauma Associated With High Postdischarge Mortality
Authors: Boone Sherry M. , Collier Bryan R. , Faulks Emily R. , Locklear Tonja M. , Bower Katie L. , Lollar Daniel I. , Dhiman Nitasha , Nussbaum Michael S. , Hamill Mark E. 
Published: July 2020

Objectives:
Identify 5-year mortality rates in trauma patients greater than 18 years old who undergo tracheostomy and/or gastrostomy tube placement.

Design:
Retrospective convenience sample with two cohorts.

Setting:
Academic level 1 trauma center.

Patients:
Hospitalized patients admitted to the trauma service from July 2008 to December 2012 who underwent tracheostomy and/or gastrostomy tube placement.

Interventions:
Patients were placed into two cohorts: adult 18–64 and geriatric greater than or equal to 65; mortality data were obtained from the National Death Index.

Measurements and Main Results:
The primary outcome was 5-year mortality of both cohorts as well as those admitted who did not receive tracheostomy or gastrostomy. Univariate analysis was performed using Fisher exact and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted to examine mortality up to 5 years after discharge.

Conclusions:
Five-year postdischarge mortality is significantly higher in geriatric patients undergoing tracheostomy and/or gastrostomy after traumatic injury. Fifty percent die within the first 28 weeks following discharge and 93% die within 2 years.
Effects of Telemedicine ICU Intervention on Care Standardization and Patient Outcomes: An Observational Study
Authors: Becker Christian D. , Fusaro Mario V. , Al Aseri Zohair , Millerman Konstantin , Scurlock Corey 
Published: July 2020

Objectives:
Given the numerous recent changes in ICU practices and protocols, we sought to confirm whether favorable effects of telemedicine ICU interventions on ICU mortality and length of stay can be replicated by a more recent telemedicine ICU intervention.

Design, Setting and Patients:
Observational before-after telemedicine ICU intervention study in seven adult ICUs in two hospitals. The study included 1,403 patients in the preintervention period (October 2014 to September 2015) and 14,874 patients in the postintervention period (January 2016 to December 2018).

Intervention:
Telemedicine ICU implementation.

Measurements and Main Results:
ICU and hospital mortality and length of stay, best practice adherence rates, and telemedicine ICU performance metrics. Unadjusted ICU and hospital mortality and lengths of stay were not statistically significantly different. Adjustment for Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Version IVa score, ICU type, and ICU admission time via logistic regression yielded significantly lower ICU and hospital mortality odds ratios of 0.58 (95% CI, 0.45–0.74) and 0.66 (95% CI, 0.54–0.80), respectively. When adjusting for acuity by comparing observed-over-expected length of stay ratios through Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IVa methodology, we found significantly lower ICU and hospital length of stay in the postintervention group. ICU mortality improvements were driven by nighttime ICU admissions (odds ratio 0.45 [95% CI, 0.33–0.61]) as compared to daytime ICU admissions (odds ratio 0.81 [95% CI, 0.55–1.20]), whereas hospital mortality improvements were seen in both subgroups but more prominently in nighttime ICU admissions (odds ratio 0.57 [95% CI, 0.44–0.74]) as compared to daytime ICU admissions (odds ratio 0.73 [95% CI, 0.55–0.97]), suggesting that telemedicine ICU intervention can effectively supplement low intensity bedside staffing hours (nighttime).

Conclusions:
In this pre-post observational study, telemedicine ICU intervention was associated with improvements in care standardization and decreases in ICU and hospital mortality and length of stay. The mortality benefits were mediated in part through telemedicine ICU supplementation of low intensity bedside staffing hours.