bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seismic Policy, Operations, and Research Uses for a Building Inventory in an Earthquake-Prone City
Authors: Elwood Ken , Filippova Olga , Noy Ilan , Pastor Paz Jacob 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAfter the 2016 New Zealand Kaikoura Earthquake, the absence of information about the state of buildings in Wellington proved to be a source of significant policy uncertainty. Authorities did not know what damages to expect and therefore how to react, and policies needed to be formulated without a clear quantification of the risks. Moreover, without detailed knowledge of the existing buildings, it was difficult to assess what the available legal and regulatory tools can achieve and choose among them. We describe the creation of a building inventory database for Wellington initiated by the authors. This database aims to assist the generation of research on the risks, impacts, and viable solutions for reducing future seismic risk in Wellington’s central business district (CBD). The database includes structural, economic, and market information on virtually every significant building in the CBD. Its primary purposes are: to collate and provide the best available information about the expected seismic performance of the existing building stock; to assess the impact of possible multiple building failures due to a seismic event; to describe a viable cost-effective path for seismic retrofitting; and to inform the design of a regulatory structure that can facilitate this resilience-building agenda.
The role of sexual orientation in the relationships between body perception, body weight dissatisfaction, physical comparison, and eating psychopathology in the cisgender population
Authors: Meneguzzo Paolo , Collantoni Enrico , Bonello Elisa , Vergine Mariantonietta , Behrens Simone C. , Tenconi Elena , Favaro Angela 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Body weight dissatisfaction (BWD) and visual body perception are specific aspects that can influence the own body image, and that can concur with the development or the maintenance of specific psychopathological dimensions of different psychiatric disorders. The sexual orientation is a fundamental but understudied aspect in this field, and, for this reason, the purpose of this study is to improve knowledge about the relationships among BWD, visual body size-perception, and sexual orientation.

Methods
A total of 1033 individuals participated in an online survey. Physical comparison, depression, and self-esteem was evaluated, as well as sexual orientation and the presence of an eating disorder. A Figure Rating Scale was used to assess different valences of body weight, and mediation analyses were performed to investigated specific relationships between psychological aspects.

Results
Bisexual women and gay men reported significantly higher BWD than other groups (p < 0.001); instead, higher body misperception was present in gay men (p = 0.001). Physical appearance comparison mediated the effect of sexual orientation in both BWD and perceptual distortion. No difference emerged between women with a history of eating disorders and without, as regards the value of body weight attributed to attractiveness, health, and presence on social media.

Conclusion
This study contributes to understanding the relationship between sexual orientations and body image representation and evaluation. Physical appearance comparisons should be considered as critical psychological factors that can improve and affect well-being. The impact on subjects with high levels of eating concerns is also discussed.

Level of evidence
Level III: case–control analytic study.
Mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium ameliorates diabetic serum‐induced insulin resistance in 3T3‐L1 cells
Authors: Sanap Avinash , Bhonde Ramesh , Joshi Kalpana 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundPharmacological factors used to induce insulin resistance (IR) in in vitro models may not mimic the full in vivo features of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to examine the ability of diabetic serum (DS) to induce IR and investigate whether adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium (ADMSC‐CM) reverses DS‐induced IR.MethodsDS was obtained from newly diagnosed T2DM patients. IR was induced in differentiated 3T3‐L1 cells by employing dexamethasone, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), palmitate and DS. Glucose uptake (2‐[N‐[7‐nitrobenz‐2‐oxa‐1,3‐diazol‐4‐yl] amino]‐2‐deoxyglucose(2‐NBDG) uptake assay), intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and superoxide radicals (O2−) (fluorescence microscopy and fluorometry) were analyzed in control and experimental samples. mRNA expression of key genes involved in glucose transport and inflammation were analyzed by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Pro‐inflammatory cytokines and phospho‐insulin receptor substrate (IRS) (Ser‐307) protein expression were analyzed by fluorescence activated cell sorter analysis. Statistical significance was determined by using one‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparison tests.ResultsADMSC‐CM significantly increased the DS‐mediated decrease in 2‐NBDG uptake (11.01 ± 0.50 vs. 7.20 ± 0.30, P < 0.01) and reduced DS‐driven ROS (fluorescence count, 6.35 ± 0.46 vs. 9.80 ± 0.10, P < 0.01) and O2− (fluorescence count, 3.00 ± 0.10 vs. 4.60 ± 0.09, P < 0.01) production. Further, the ADMSC‐CM restored DS‐induced down regulation GLUT4 (1.52‐fold, P < 0.05) as well as the up‐regulation of PPARγ (0.35‐fold, P < 0.01), and IKKβ (0.37‐fold, P < 0.01) mRNA, and phospho‐IRS (Ser‐307) protein expression compared to the baseline (median fluorescence intensity, 88,192 ± 2720 vs. 65,450 ± 3111, P < 0.01). DS induced IR, similar to the traditionally used pharmacological factors, namely dexamethasone, TNF‐α, and palmitate, which can be attributed to the significantly higher pro‐inflammatory cytokines levels (TNF‐α (2.28 ± 0.03 pg/mL vs. 2.38 ± 0.03 pg/mL, P < 0.01), interleukin 6 (IL)‐6 (1.94 ± 0.02 pg/mL vs. 2.17 ± 0.04 pg/mL, P < 0.01), IL‐17 (2.16 ± 0.02 pg/mL vs. 2.22 ± 0.002 pg/mL, P < 0.05), and interferon gamma (IFN‐γ) (2.07 ± 0.02 pg/mL vs. 2.15 ± 0.04 pg/mL, P < 0.05)) in DS.ConclusionsDS can be explored as a novel inducer of IR in in vitro studies with further standardization, substituting the conventionally used pharmacological factors. Our findings also affirm the validity of ADMSC‐CM as a prospective insulin sensitizer for T2DM therapy.
Ensuring Elderly Well-Being During COVID-19 by Using the Internet of Things
Authors: Pandey Prateek , Litoriya Ratnesh 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases continue to surge, and the world must learn from this disaster. Most of the world economies are shattered due to this pandemic. The development of infrastructure to counter such deadly viral attacks in the future is the wisest investment that can be made. The elderly population is the most vulnerable age group affected by the pandemic, and the threat to their lives becomes manifold if they are living alone. Thus, a well-formed elderly support framework is required to safeguard this vulnerable population from COVID-like disasters in the future. We report here on the research findings we conducted by laying out a mitigation system for elderly well-being during disastrous times. The proposed system demands a sound collaboration between software, hardware devices, the state, and social agencies.
Leadership Principles to Decrease Psychological Casualties in COVID-19 and Other Disasters of Uncertainty
Authors: Everly George S. , Wu Albert W. , Cumpsty-Fowler Carolyn J. , Dang Deborah , Potash James B. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a “disaster of uncertainty” with ambiguity about its nature and trajectory. These features amplify its psychological toxicity and increase the number of psychological casualties it inflicts. Uncertainty was fueled by lack of knowledge about the lethality of a disaster, its duration, and ambiguity in messaging from leaders and health care authorities. Human resilience can have a buffering effect on the psychological impact. Experts have advocated “flattening the curve” to slow the spread of the infection. Our strategy for crisis leadership is focused on flattening the rise in psychological casualties by increasing resilience among health care workers. This paper describes an approach employed at Johns Hopkins to promote and enhance crisis leadership. The approach is based on 4 factors: vision for the future, decisiveness, effective communication, and following a moral compass. We make specific actionable recommendations for implementing these factors that are being disseminated to frontline leaders and managers. The COVID-19 pandemic is destined to have a strong psychological impact that extends far beyond the end of quarantine. Following these guidelines has the potential to build resilience and thus reduce the number of psychological casualties and speed the return to normal – or at least the new normal in the post-COVID world.
COMPUTABILITY, ORDERS, AND SOLVABLE GROUPS
Authors: DARBINYAN ARMAN 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is the following two results. (1) There exists a computable bi-orderable group that does not have a computable bi-ordering; (2) there exists a bi-orderable, two-generated computably presented solvable group with undecidable word problem. Both of the groups can be found among two-generated solvable groups of derived length $3$.(1) [a]nswers a question posed by Downey and Kurtz; (2) answers a question posed by Bludov and Glass in Kourovka Notebook.One of the technical tools used to obtain the main results is a computational extension of an embedding theorem of B. Neumann that was studied by the author earlier. In this paper we also compliment that result and derive new corollaries that might be of independent interest.
Firm Growth Performance and Relative Innovation Orientation of Exploration vs Exploitation: Moderating Effects of Cluster Relationships
Authors: Li Zhendong , Zhang Marina Yue , Zhang Huiying 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTThis article studies the latent mechanisms underlying the non-linear correlation between a firm's relative innovation orientation of exploration vs exploitation and performance. We also investigate the moderating effects of cluster relationships on this relationship. Using a sample of 638 SMEs in four industry clusters in Tianjin, China, we confirm an inverted U-shaped correlation between a firm's relative innovation orientation and performance, and explicate the latent mechanisms underlying such an inverted U shape. We find that the number and strength of a firm's cluster relationships can moderate this inverted U-shaped curve: the former moves the turning point of the inverted U shape toward exploratory orientation, and the latter moves the turning point toward exploitative orientation. For improved performance, we discuss appropriate innovation balancing strategies for cluster firms with different cluster relationships, and optimal cluster strategies under different innovation-balancing conditions. This study adds to the increasing scholarly effort on latent mechanisms behind U-shaped relationships and moderating effects on such relationships in management research.
The Modern Periphery-Making Machine in the Early Twenty-First Century
Authors: Alonso-Fradejas Alberto 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCultural, discursive, and technological differences notwithstanding, the peripheralization effects of plantation agriculture-based development pathways seem to be as vibrant today as during the height of the modern era's imperialism. This, at least, is what Bosma suggests, and I fully agree with him. The plantation, that modern labour-expelling periphery-making machine, is alive and kicking hard amid convergent socioecological crises nowadays. And this is an analytically but also politically salient phenomenon. Most often, development models which rely on predatory extractivism not only leave the majority of the population behind the well-being bandwagon, thereby turning a deaf ear to the pledge of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to “leave no one behind”; they also erode the ecological base, socioeconomic fabric, and institutions that enable more just and environmentally sound life projects to blossom. Thus, the careful examination of the complex and generative interplay between the model and intensity of resource extractivism and the broader political economy, as developed by Bosma in The Making of a Periphery, calls into question any non-transformative climate stewardship and sustainable development efforts, like the “business as usual” one represented by the flex crops and commodities complexes of the twenty-first century.
“Haven't I Told You Not to Take Yourself outside of the Law?”: Rabbi Yirmiyah and the Characterization of a Scholastic
Authors: Wolf Sarah 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe paper looks at several episodes in which R. Yirmiyah is rebuked for questions that are portrayed as epistemologically destabilizing to the rabbinic legal project. I argue that R. Yirmiyah is portrayed as a caricature of late rabbinic scholastic thought, and that his characterization enables the writers of the Bavli to hold their own scholastic tendencies up to critique while also drawing protective boundaries around the analytical direction their legal culture has taken. I also read the passages together to demonstrate that the Bavli functions as a unified literary work in previously unacknowledged ways. These episodes form a sort of nonlinear plot, a web of stories that produce a character with his own “history.” There may be no historical rabbinic nuisance named R. Yirmiyah, but there is certainly a constructed literary one, whose reappearance throughout the Talmud plays an important role in working out tensions within the rabbinic legal project.
Clinical descriptors of pneumothorax following chest tube removal in paediatric cardiac surgery
Authors: LaGrasta Christine , McLellan Mary , Connor Jean 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground:There is limited data describing the characteristics of paediatric post-operative cardiac surgery patients who develop pneumothoraces after chest tube removal. Patient management after chest tube removal is not standardised across paediatric cardiac surgery programmes. The purposes of this study were to describe the frequency of pneumothorax after chest tube removal in paediatric post-operative cardiac surgical patients and to describe the patient and clinical characteristics of those patients who developed a clinically significant pneumothorax requiring intervention.Methods:A single-institution retrospective descriptive study (1 January, 2010–31 December, 2018) was utilised to review 11,651 paediatric post-operative cardiac surgical patients from newborn to 18 years old.Results:Twenty-five patients were diagnosed with a pneumothorax by chest radiograph following chest tube removal (0.2%). Of these 25 patients, 15 (1.6%) had a clinically significant pneumothorax and 8 (53%) did not demonstrate a change in baseline clinical status or require an increase in supplemental oxygen, 14 (93%) required an intervention, 9 (60%) were <1 year of age, 4 (27%) had single-ventricle physiology, and 5 (33%) had other non-cardiac anomalies/genetic syndromes.Conclusions:In our cohort of patients, we confirmed the incidence of pneumothorax after chest tube removal is low in paediatric post-operative cardiac surgery patients. This population does not always exhibit changes in clinical status despite having clinically significant pneumothoraces. We suggest the development of criteria, based on clinical characteristics, for patients who are at increased risk of developing a pneumothorax and would require a routine chest radiograph following chest tube removal.
Governmental programmes associated with food insecurity among communities of descendants of enslaved blacks in Brazil
Authors: Cherol Camilla Christine de Souza , Ferreira Aline Alves , Salles-Costa Rosana 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjective:To assess the access to government programmes and their association with food insecurity (FI) in families from quilombolas communities in Brazil.Design:An analysis of secondary data from the 2011 Quilombolas Census was performed in Brazilian territories. The Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale (Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar, EBIA) was used to assess the household FI status. The relationships of governmental programmes with the levels of FI were estimated using logistic regression models.Setting:Greater national survey census of food and nutritional security of the recognised Quilombolas Brazilian territories.Participants:Totally, 8743 quilombolas families.Results:The prevalence of household FI was 86·1 % (moderate/severe FI: 55·9 %, 95 % CI 54·8, 56·9). After adjustment for socio-demographic variables, access to rural development programmes (Food Acquisition Program: OR: 0·6, 95 % CI 0·4, 0·8, P-value < 0·01) and health programmes (Center for Family Health Support: OR: 0·5, 95 % CI 0·5, 0·7, P-value < 0·001) is inversely and significantly associated with moderate/severe FI. The Brazilian conditional cash transfer programme (Bolsa Família) was associated with quilombolas families with moderate/severe levels of FI (OR: 3·3, 95 % CI 2·8, 4·0, P-value < 0·001).Conclusions:The prevalence of FI was high among quilombolas families. Despite reduced participation in governmental programmes, rural development, agriculture and conditional cash transfer programmes are fundamental to the autonomy of quilombolas communities. In spite of the low participation, when families are able to access these programmes, the study revealed the importance of these initiatives in reducing the likelihood of severe levels of FI.
Experimental Insights Into the Interplay Between Buoyancy, Convection, and Dissolution Reaction
Authors: Ahoulou A. W. A. , Tinet A.‐J. , Oltéan C. , Golfier F. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPredicting the instabilities that occur during the chemical reaction between a percolating fluid and a soluble rock leading to the development of macroscopic channels called wormholes is a key for understanding many geological processes. Their shape and their spatial distribution depend on two dimensionless numbers, namely Damköhler (Da) and Péclet (Pe) numbers. Although the dissolution phenomenon has been extensively studied both in the context of acid stimulation of oil wells in carbonate rocks and carbon capture and storage, few works have focused on the influence of the physical properties of fluids on wormhole patterns. Consequently, through interpretation of images acquired during the injection of pure water into a 2‐D reconstituted salt massif and considering different configurations of injection, we illustrate the buoyancy effects on wormhole formation. Contrarily to observation in fractures, experimental results suggest that dissolution regimes can still be described by the classical dimensionless numbers Da and Pe. As for the regime diagram, it remains practically unchanged for strong Péclet and weak Damköhler and undergoes a slowdown of the propagation of the dissolution front when the number of Richardson's increases. Analysis of morphological descriptors such as area, interface, and tortuosity shows that density contrast has an influence on intermediate‐ to high‐Richardson dissolution regimes that may be explained by the existence of buoyancy effects.
Decadal Strengthening of Interior Flow of North Atlantic Deep Water Observed by GRACE Satellites
Authors: Koelling Jannes , Send Uwe , Lankhorst Matthias 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission provides information on changes to the Earth's gravity field, including ocean mass. Long‐term trends in GRACE data are often considered unreliable due to uncertainties in the corrections made to calculate ocean mass from the raw measurements. Here, we use an independent estimate of ocean mass from satellite altimetry and in situ density data from five mooring sites and repeat hydrography to validate trends in GRACE over the North Atlantic, finding substantial agreement between the methods. The root‐mean‐square difference between ocean mass changes calculated with this method from the mooring data and those measured by GRACE is 3.5 mm per decade, much lower than the mean signal of 15.6 ± 1.8 mm per decade for GRACE and 17.8 ± 5.2 mm per decade for the altimetry‐mooring estimate. The GRACE ocean mass data are then used to study the change in the deep circulation of the North Atlantic between the 1 April 2002 to 31 March 2009 and 1 April 2010 to 31 March 2017 periods, revealing a large‐scale anticyclonic circulation anomaly off the North American coast. The change is associated with an increase of 13.9 ± 3.3 Sv (1 Sv = 106 m3 s−1) of southward North Atlantic Deep Water flow in the interior between 30°N and 40°N, largely balanced by a northward anomaly of 10.7 ± 3.3 Sv for the boundary circulation. This implies an increased importance of interior pathways compared to the Deep Western Boundary Current for the spreading of North Atlantic Deep Water, which constitutes the lower limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.
Autonomous Observation of Seasonal Carbonate Chemistry Dynamics in the Mid‐Atlantic Bight
Authors: Wright‐Fairbanks Elizabeth K. , Miles Travis N. , Cai Wei‐Jun , Chen Baoshan , Saba Grace K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOcean acidification alters the oceanic carbonate system, increasing potential for ecological, economic, and cultural losses. Historically, productive coastal oceans lack vertically resolved high‐resolution carbonate system measurements on time scales relevant to organism ecology and life history. The recent development of a deep ion‐sensitive field‐effect transistor (ISFET)‐based pH sensor system integrated into a Slocum glider has provided a platform for achieving high‐resolution carbonate system profiles. From May 2018 to November 2019, seasonal deployments of the pH glider were conducted in the central Mid‐Atlantic Bight. Simultaneous measurements from the glider's pH and salinity sensors enabled the derivation of total alkalinity and calculation of other carbonate system parameters including aragonite saturation state. Carbonate system parameters were then mapped against other variables, such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll, over space and time. The seasonal dynamics of carbonate chemistry presented here provide a baseline to begin identifying drivers of acidification in this vital economic zone.
TIMELESS regulates sphingolipid metabolism and tumor cell growth through Sp1/ACER2/S1P axis in ER-positive breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Shan , Huang Peiqi , Dai Huijuan , Li Qing , Hu Lipeng , Peng Jing , Jiang Shuheng , Xu Yaqian , Wu Ziping , Nie Huizhen , Zhang Zhigang , Yin Wenjin , Zhang Xueli , Lu Jinsong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBreast cancer is one of the most common female malignant cancers. Biorhythm disorder largely increases the risk of breast cancer. We aimed to investigate the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of circadian gene TIMELESS circadian regulator (TIM) in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer and provide a new therapeutic target for breast cancer patients. Here, we explored that the expression of TIM was elevated in breast cancer, and high expression of TIM in cancer tissues was associated with poor prognosis, especially in the ER-positive breast cancer patients. In addition, we found that TIM promoted cell proliferation and enhanced mitochondrial respiration. TIM interacted with specificity protein 1 (Sp1) which contributes to upregulate the expression of alkaline ceramidase 2 (ACER2). Moreover, ACER2 is responsible for TIM-mediated promotive effects of cell growth and mitochondrial respiration. Collectively, our research unveiled a novel function of TIM in sphingolipid metabolism through interaction with Sp1. It provides a new theoretical explanation for the pathogenesis of breast cancer, and targeting TIM may serve as a potential therapeutic target for ER-positive breast cancer.