bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Homeostatic and early-recruited CD101−eosinophils suppress endotoxin-induced acute lung injury
Authors: Zhu Chen , Weng Qing-Yu , Zhou Ling-Ren , Cao Chao , Li Fei , Wu Yin-Fang , Wu Yan-Ping , Li Miao , Hu Yue , Shen Jia-Xin , Xiong Xue-Fang , Lan Fen , Xia Li-Xia , Zhang Bin , Zhang Hao , Huang Man , Ying Song-Min , Shen Hua-Hao , Chen Zhi-Hua , Li Wen 
Published: June 2020

IntroductionAcute lung injury (ALI) is a fatal but undertreated condition with severe neutrophilic inflammation, although little is known about the functions of eosinophils in the pathogenesis of ALI. Our objectives were to investigate the roles and molecular mechanisms of eosinophils in ALI.MethodsPulmonary eosinophils were identified by flow cytometry. Mice with abundant or deficient eosinophils were used. Cellularity of eosinophils and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, inflammatory assessment, and survival rate were determined. Human samples were also used for validating experimental results.ResultsBlood eosinophils were increased in surviving patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) independent of corticosteroid usage. There existed homeostatic eosinophils in lung parenchyma in mice and these homeostatic eosinophils, originating from the bone marrow, were predominantly CD101−. More CD101−eosinophils could be recruited earlier than lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-initiated neutrophilic inflammation. Loss of eosinophils augmented LPS-induced pulmonary injury. Homeostatic CD101−eosinophils ameliorated, while allergic CD101+eosinophils exacerbated, the neutrophilic inflammation induced by LPS. Likewise, CD101 expression in eosinophils from ARDS patients did not differ from healthy subjects. Mechanistically, CD101−eosinophils exhibited higher levels of Alox15 and Protectin D1. Administration of Protectin D1 isomer attenuated the neutrophilic inflammation.ConclusionsCollectively, our findings identify an uncovered function of native CD101−eosinophils in suppressing neutrophilic lung inflammation and suggest a potential therapeutic target for ALI.
Effect of genomic selection and genotyping strategy on estimation of variance components in animal models using different relationship matrices
Authors: Wang Lei , Janss Luc L. , Madsen Per , Henshall John , Huang Chyong-Huoy , Marois Danye , Alemu Setegn , Sørensen AC , Jensen Just 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The traditional way to estimate variance components (VC) is based on the animal model using a pedigree-based relationship matrix (A) (A-AM). After genomic selection was introduced into breeding programs, it was anticipated that VC estimates from A-AM would be biased because the effect of selection based on genomic information is not captured. The single-step method (H-AM), which uses an H matrix as (co)variance matrix, can be used as an alternative to estimate VC. Here, we compared VC estimates from A-AM and H-AM and investigated the effect of genomic selection, genotyping strategy and genotyping proportion on the estimation of VC from the two methods, by analyzing a dataset from a commercial broiler line and a simulated dataset that mimicked the broiler population.

Results
VC estimates from H-AM were severely overestimated with a high proportion of selective genotyping, and overestimation increased as proportion of genotyping increased in the analysis of both commercial and simulated data. This bias in H-AM estimates arises when selective genotyping is used to construct the H-matrix, regardless of whether selective genotyping is applied or not in the selection process. For simulated populations under genomic selection, estimates of genetic variance from A-AM were also significantly overestimated when the effect of genomic selection was strong. Our results suggest that VC estimates from H-AM under random genotyping have the expected values. Predicted breeding values from H-AM were inflated when VC estimates were biased, and inflation differed between genotyped and ungenotyped animals, which can lead to suboptimal selection decisions.

Conclusions
We conclude that VC estimates from H-AM are biased with selective genotyping, but are close to expected values with random genotyping.VC estimates from A-AM in populations under genomic selection are also biased but to a much lesser degree. Therefore, we recommend the use of H-AM with random genotyping to estimate VC for populations under genomic selection. Our results indicate that it is still possible to use selective genotyping in selection, but then VC estimation should avoid the use of genotypes from one side only of the distribution of phenotypes. Hence, a dual genotyping strategy may be needed to address both selection and VC estimation.
Identification and genetic analysis of qCL1.2, a novel allele of the “green revolution” gene SD1 from wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) that enhances plant height
Authors: Zhang Lizhen , Huang Jingfen , Wang Yanyan , Xu Rui , Yang Ziyi , Zhao Zhigang , Liu Shijia , Tian Yunlu , Zheng Xiaoming , Li Fei , Wang Junrui , Song Yue , Li Jiaqi , Cui Yongxia , Zhang Li-Fang , Cheng Yunlian , Lan Jinhao , Qiao Weihua , Yang Qingwen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The exploitation of novel alleles from wild rice that were lost during rice cultivation could be very important for rice breeding and evolutionary studies. Plant height (PH) was a target of artificial selection during rice domestication and is still a target of modern breeding. The “green revolution” gene semi-dwarf 1 (SD1) were well documented and used in the past decades, allele from wild rice could provide new insights into the functions and evolution of this gene.

Results
We identified a PH-related quantitative trait locus, qCL1.2,from wild riceusing a set of chromosome segment substitution lines. qCL1.2encodesa novel allele of SD1 gene. The wild allele of SD1 is a dominant locus that can significantly promote rice internode length by regulating the expression levels of genes involved in gibberellin biosynthesis and signal transduction. Nucleotide diversity and haplotype network analyses of the SD1 gene were performed using 2822 rice landraces. Two previously reported functional nucleotide polymorphisms clearly differentiated japonica and indica rice; however, they were not associated with PH selection. Other new functional nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding, but not promoter, regions were involved in PH selection during rice domestication. Our study increasesunderstanding of the rice SD1 gene and provides additional evidence of this gene’s selection during rice domestication.

Conclusions
Our findings provide evidence thatSD1 gene from wild rice enhances plant height and new functional nucleotide polymorphisms of this gene were artificially selected during cultivated rice differentiation.
Effect of subinhibitory exposure to quaternary ammonium compounds on the ciprofloxacin susceptibility of Escherichia coli strains in animal husbandry
Authors: Maertens H. , Demeyere K. , De Reu K. , Dewulf J. , Vanhauteghem D. , Van Coillie E. , Meyer E. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Quaternary ammonium compound based disinfectants are commonly used in pig and poultry husbandry to maintain farm hygiene. However, studies have shown that subinhibitory concentrations of these disinfectants may increase antibiotic resistance. Investigation of antibiotic susceptibility is usually assessed via the microbroth dilution method, although this conventional culture-based technique only provides information on the bacteriostatic activity of an antimicrobial agent. Therefore, experiments were performed to investigate the effect of prior benzalkonium chloride (BKC) exposure on the viability of subsequent ciprofloxacin (CIP) treated Escherichia coli.

Results
Following CIP treatment, bacterial cell counts were significantly higher after exposure to a subinhibitory BKC concentration than without BKC exposure. The flow cytometric results suggested a BKC-dependent onset of membrane damage and loss of membrane potential.

Conclusion
Our results indicate a lower bactericidal effect of CIP treatment on BKC-exposed E. coli isolates compared to unexposed E. coli isolates.
Laparoscopic based renal denervation in a canine neurogenic hypertension model
Authors: Shao Chunlai , Zhou Yan , You Tao , Xue Boxin , Stella Pieter R. , Jiang Ting Bo , Miao Zhigang , Xu Longjiang , Yin  , Lan Longsheng , Rong Guang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Previous renal denervation (RDN) studies showed controversial results in reducing blood pressure. The aim of this study was to provide evidence supporting the effectiveness of laparoscopic-based renal denervation (L-RDN) in treating hypertension.

Methods
Sixteen Beagle dogs were randomly divided into RDN group (n = 12) and sham group (n = 4). Neurogenic hypertension was generated in all dogs via carotid artery route. L-RDN was performed in the RDN group, with sham operation performed as a control. Blood pressure (BP) changes were recorded at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after the procedure. Changes in serum creatinine (sCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and level of norepinephrine (NE) were analyzed. Histological changes of kidney and renal arteries were also evaluated.

Results
BP and NE levels were significantly elevated after hypertension induction (p < 0.01). Systolic and diastolic BP of RDN group were decreased by 15.5 mmHg and 7.3 mmHg (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0021, respectively) at the eighth week after L-RDN. Invasive systolic and diastolic BP of RDN group were significantly decreased by 14.5 mmHg and 15.3 mmHg (p < 0.0001). In contrast, there was no significant decrease in blood pressure in the sham group. In addition, RDN group but not the sham group showed a significant decrease in NE levels (p < 0.001), while no significant changes in sCr and BUN were observed in both groups. Pathological examinations showed no discernible damage, tear, or dissection to the renal arteries in RND group.

Conclusions
L-RDN lowered BP and NE levels in hypertensive dogs without affecting renal artery morphology and kidney function.
Person-centred and efficient care delivery for high-need, high-cost patients: primary care professionals’ experiences
Authors: Smeets Rowan G. M. , Kroese Mariëlle E. A. L. , Ruwaard Dirk , Hameleers Niels , Elissen Arianne M. J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
High-need, high-cost (HNHC) patients, who typically have complex and long-term care demands, contribute considerably to the high work pressure of primary care professionals (PCPs). To improve patient as well as provider experiences, it is crucial to take into account the PCPs’ perspective in designing health care strategies for HNHC patients. Therefore, this study aimed to create insight into PCPs’ experienced barriers and possible solutions with regards to person-centred, efficient care delivery to HNHC patients.

Methods
We conducted a qualitative study using focus group interviews with PCPs at a Dutch primary care group. A semi-structured interview guide was developed for the interviews. Qualitative content analysis was employed deductively by means of a categorisation matrix. The matrix was based on the components retrieved from the SELFIE framework for integrated care for multi-morbidity.

Results
Forty-two PCPs participated in five focus group interviews. Discussed barriers and solutions were related to the core of the SELFIE framework (i.e. the individual and environment), and particularly four of the six health system components in the framework: service delivery, leadership & governance, workforce, and technologies & medical products. Many discussed barriers revolved around the complex biopsychosocial needs of HNHC patients: PCPs reported a lack of time (service delivery), insufficiently skilled PCPs (workforce), and inefficient patient information retrieval and sharing (technologies & medical products) as barriers to adequately meet the biopsychosocial needs of HNHC patients.

Conclusions
This qualitative study suggests that primary care is currently insufficiently equipped to accommodate the complex biopsychosocial needs of HNHC patients. Therefore, it is firstly important to strengthen primary care internally, taking into account the experienced lack of time, the insufficient number of equipped PCPs and lack of inter-professional information retrieval and sharing. Secondly, PCPs should be supported in cooperating and communicating more efficiently with health services outside primary care to adequately deliver person-centred, efficient care. As a prerequisite, it is crucial to direct policy efforts at the design of a strong system of social and community services. In terms of future research, it is important to assess the feasibility and effects of re-designing primary care based on the provided recommendations.
Patients’ preferences in selecting family physician in primary health centers: a qualitative-quantitative approach
Authors: Khatami Farnaz , Shariati Mohammad , Khedmat Leila , Bahmani Maryam 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The role of family physicians (FPs) in the metropolitan area is critical in identifying risk factors for disease prevention/control and health promotion in various age groups. Understanding patients’ preferences and interests in choosing a FP can be an effective and fundamental step in the success of this program. In this study factors affecting the FP selection by Iranian patients referred to health centers in the most populous areas in the south of Tehran were assessed and ranked.

Methods
A sequential mixed-method (qualitative-quantitative) triangulation approach was designed with three subject groups of patients, physicians, and health officials. The Framework method was used to analyze interviews transcribed verbatim. After implementing an iterative thematic process, a 26-item quantitative questionnaire with high validity and reliability was drafted to evaluate the different factors. A convenient sampling method was used to select 400 subjects on a population-based scale to quantitatively rank the most critical selection factors as a mean score of items.

Results
The selection factors were divided into six centralized codes, including FPs’ ethics, individual, professional and performance factors; patients’ underlying disease and individual health, and disease-related factors, office’s location and management factors, democracy factors, economic factors, and social factors. After filling out the questionnaires, the most important factors in selecting FP were a specialist degree in family medicine (FM) (4.49 ± 0.70), performing accurate examinations with receiving a detailed medical history (4.43 ± 0.68), and spending enough time to visit patients (4.28 ± 0.75), respectively. However, the parameters such as being a fellow-citizen, being the same gender, and physician’s appearance were of the least importance.

Conclusion
There is a possibility to screen the most important factors affecting the FP choice through the combination of qualitative and quantitative studies. The first and last patients’ priority was physicians’ specialty in FM and being a fellow-citizen with them, respectively. The clinical and administrative healthcare systems should schedule the entire implementation process to oversee the doctor’s professional commitment and setting the visit times of FP.
Association of overweight with postoperative acute kidney injury among patients receiving orthotopic liver transplantation: an observational cohort study
Authors: Zhou Jian , Lyu Lin , Zhu Lin , Liang Yongxin , Dong He , Chu Haichen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common postoperative complication of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). So far, little attention has been paid on the association between overweight and AKI after OLT, and animal models or clinical studies have drawn conflicting conclusions. The objective of our study was to determine whether overweight (BMI [Body Mass Index] ≥ 25 kg/m2) is associated with an increased risk of AKI after OLT.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 244 patients receiving OLT in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between January 1, 2017, and August 29, 2019. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data were collected retrospectively. The primary outcome was the development of AKI as defined by Kidney Disease, Improving Global Outcome (KIDGO) staging system. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between overweight and the occurrence of postoperative AKI. Data analysis was conducted from September to October 2019, revision in April 2020.

Results
Among 244 patients receiving OLT (mean [standard deviation] age, 54.1 [9.6] years; 84.0% male) identified, 163 patients (66.8%) developed postoperative AKI. Overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) was associated with a higher rate of postoperative severe AKI (stage 2/3) compared with normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m2) (41 [47.7%] vs 39 [28.7%]; adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.539; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.389–4.642; P = 0.002). Furthermore, patients with obese were at even higher risk of postoperative severe AKI after controlling for confounding factors (adjusted OR: 3.705; 95% CI: 1.108–12.388; P = 0.033).

Conclusions
Overweight is independently associated with an increased risk of postoperative severe AKI among patients receiving OLT. The association of BMI with severe AKI after OLT is J-shaped.
Do male engagement and couples’ communication influence maternal health care-seeking? Findings from a household survey in Mozambique
Authors: Sitefane Gilda G. , Banerjee Joya , Mohan Diwakar , Lee Connie S. , Ricca Jim , Betron Myra L. , Cuco Rosa Marlene Manjate 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
This study explored effects of couples’ communication and male participation in birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) on delivery in a health facility (“institutional delivery”). A cross-sectional, baseline household survey was conducted in November 2016 prior to an integrated maternal and child health project in Nampula and Sofala Provinces in Mozambique.

Methods
The study used the Knowledge, Practices and Coverage survey tool, a condensed version of the Demographic and Health Survey and other tools. The sample included 1422 women. Multivariable logit regression models tested the association of institutional delivery with couples’ communication and four elements of BPCR both with and without male partners: 1) saving money, 2) arranging transport, 3) choosing a birth companion, and 4) choosing a delivery site; controlling for partners’ attendance in antenatal care and social and demographic determinants (education, wealth, urban/rural location, and province).

Results
The odds that women would deliver in a health facility were 46% greater (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–2.10, p = 0.04) amongst women who discussed family planning with their partners than those who did not. Approximately half of this effect was mediated through BPCR. When a woman arranged transport on her own, there was no significant increase in institutional delivery, but with partner involvement, there was a larger, significant association (aOR = 4.31, 2.64–7.02). Similarly, when a woman chose a delivery site on her own, there was no significant association with institutional delivery (aOR 1.52,0.81–2.83), but with her partner, there was a larger and significant association (aOR 1.98, 1.16–3.36). Neither saving money nor choosing a birth companion showed a significant association with institutional delivery—with or without partner involvement. The odds of delivering in a facility were 28% less amongst poor women whose partners did not participate in BPCR than wealthy women, but when partners helped choose a place of delivery and arrange transport, this gap was nearly eliminated.

Conclusions
Our findings add to growing global evidence that men play an important role in improving maternal and newborn health, particularly through BPCR, and that couples’ communication is a key approach for promoting high-impact health behaviors.
Chronic respiratory symptoms, lung function and associated factors among flour mill factory workers in Hawassa city, southern Ethiopia: “comparative cross-sectional study”
Authors: Lagiso Zemachu Ashuro , Mekonnen Worku Tefera , Abaya Samson Wakuma , Takele Abera Kumie , Workneh Hailemichael Mulugeta 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Occupational related respiratory diseases arise as a result of the deposition of dust particles in the lungs. Flour milling industries; generate organic dust during industrial processes, such as cleaning, milling, packaging, and loading which release dust into the air and later inhaled by workers. Flour mill workers are at risk of developing respiratory health problems because of exposure in their working environment, but existing data were few. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms, lung function and associated factors among flour mill factory workers.

Methods
A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 196 flour mill factory workers and 210 soft drinks factory workers. We selected study participants using a systematic sampling technique. We assessed the chronic respiratory symptoms using the questionnaire adopted from the British Medical Research Council. Binary logistic regression analysis with 95% CI and p < 0.05 was used to identify the factors. Lung function parameters; Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) and ratio FEV1/FVC was measured by using spirometer and analyzed by using an independent t-test.

Results
We included 406 (96.7%) workers in this study. The prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms was higher among flour mill workers as compared to soft-drinks factory workers (56.6% vs.12.9%). Primary education (AOR = 5.8, 95% CI, 1.3–23.2), mixing department (AOR = 5.3, 95% CI = 1.68–16.56), work experience 6–9 years (AOR = 5.1, 95% CI = 2.05–12.48), work experience ≥10 years (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.01–6.11) and working over eight hours (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI, 1.16–5.10) were factors that significantly associated with chronic respiratory symptoms among flour mill workers. FVC (p < 0.002), FEV1 (p < 0.001) and FEV1/FVC (p < 0.012) were significantly reduced among flour mill workers.

Conclusions
We found chronic respiratory symptoms to be high among flour mill workers. Lower education level, mixing department, increased work experience, and longer working hours were identified factors. The flour mill dust exposed worker’s lung function parameters were highly reduced. This study suggested that workers’ dust exposure reduction and control methods in flour mill factories need to be implemented.