bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explanatory histological findings for urinary protein and serum creatinine levels at renal biopsy in lupus nephritis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Katsuyama Eri , Miyawaki Yoshia , Sada Kenei , Asano Yosuke , Hayashi Keigo , Yamamura Yuriko , Hiramatsu-Asano Sumie , Morishita Michiko , Ohashi Keiji , Watanabe Haruki , Katsuyama Takayuki , Narazaki Mariko , Matsumoto Yoshinori , Wada Jun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background To evaluate histological active and chronic lesions associated with proteinuria and serum creatinine (SCr) level as common clinical endpoints in many clinical trials for lupus nephritis (LN).Methods One hundred and nineteen patients from 1990 to 2015 with LN class III, IV, and V, as defined by the International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society classification, were enrolled. Multiple regression analysis was performed to explore semiquantitative histological variables related to urinary protein and SCr levels.Results The mean age of enrolled patients was 45 years and 79% were female. The mean SCr level was 0.87 mg/dl and mean urinary protein was 3.00 g/gCr at the time of the renal biopsy. Class IV (71%) was the most common type, followed by class III (17%) and class V (13%). Multicollinearity was confirmed between monocellular infiltration (variance inflation factor [VIF] = 10.22) and interstitial fibrosis (VIF = 10.29) and between karyorrhexis (VIF = 4.14) and fibrinoid necrosis (VIF = 4.29). After excluding fibrinoid necrosis and monocellular infiltration because of multicollinearity, only urinary protein level was correlated with wire loop (β−coefficient [β]: 1.09 and confidence interval [CI]: 0.35 to 1.83), and SCr level was correlated with glomerular sclerosis (β: 1.08 and CI: 0.43 to 1.74) by multiple regression analysis.Conclusion As urinary protein and SCr levels could not reflect active lesions quantitatively, they might be difficult to be evaluated for response to induction remission treatments in patients with LN.
Pleiotropic effect of ABCG2 in gout: involvement in serum urate levels and progression from hyperuricemia to gout
Authors: Wrigley Rebekah , Phipps-Green Amanda J , Topless Ruth K , Major Tanya J , Cadzow Murray , Riches Philip , Tausche Anne-Kathrin , Janssen Matthijs , Joosten Leo AB , Jansen Tim L , So Alexander , Hindmarsh Jennie Harré , Dalbeth Nicola , Stamp Lisa K , Merriman Tony 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The ABCG2 Q141K (rs2231142) and rs10011796 variants associate with hyperuricaemia (HU). The effect size of ABCG2 rs2231142 on urate is ~60% that of SLC2A9, yet the effect size on gout is greater. We tested the hypothesis that ABCG2 plays a role in the progression from HU to gout by testing for association of ABCG2 rs2231142 and rs10011796 with gout using HU controls.Methods We analysed 1,699 European gout cases and 14,350 normourciemic (NU) and HU controls, and 912 New Zealand (NZ) Polynesian (divided into Eastern and Western Polynesian) gout cases and 696 controls. Association testing was performed using logistic and linear regression with multivariate adjusting for confounding variables.Results In Europeans and Polynesians, the ABCG2 141K (T) allele was associated with gout using HU controls (OR=1.85, P=3.8E-21 and ORmeta=1.85, P=1.3E-03, respectively). There was evidence for an effect of 141K in determining HU in European (OR=1.56, P=1.7E-18) but not in Polynesian (ORmeta=1.49, P=0.057). For SLC2A9 rs11942223, the T allele associated with gout in the presence of HU in European (OR=1.37, P=4.7E-06), however significantly weaker than ABCG2 rs2231142 141K (PHet=0.0023). In Western Polynesian and European, there was epistatic interaction between ABCG2 rs2231142 and the genetically-independent rs10011796. Combining the presence of the 141K allele with the rs10011796 CC-genotype increased gout risk, in the presence of HU, 21.5-fold in Western Polynesian (P=0.009) and 2.6-fold in European (P=9.9E-06). The 141K allele positively associated with flare frequency in Polynesian (Pmeta=2.5E-03).Conclusion These data are consistent with a role for ABCG2 141K in gout in the presence of established HU.
Pulmonary Health Effects Following Repeated Exposure and Cessation to Wintertime Particulate Matter from California and China
Authors: Yuan Wanjun , Velasquez Sandra C , Wu Ching-wen , Fulgar Ciara C , Zhang Qi , Young Dominique , Bein Keith J , Vogel Christoph F , Li Wei , Cui liangliang , Wei Haiying , Pinkerton Kent 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies show a strong association between fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) air pollution and adverse pulmonary effects. While PM concentration can vary by time and location, PM toxicity has been most recently linked to both physicochemical composition and exposure scenario. To study the relevance of particle characteristics to toxicity, winter PM 2.5 samples were obtained from three geographically similar regions (Sacramento, California, USA; Jinan, Shandong, China; and Taiyuan, Shanxi, China), with typically high atmospheric PM 2.5 emissions. PM extract samples (PM CA , PM SD , and PM SX , respectively) were administered by oropharyngeal aspiration (OPA) to different groups of BALB/C mice, at equal mass concentrations [0 (water vehicle control only) or 20 µg/50 µL], on five different occasions over a two-week period, for a cumulative PM dose of 0 or 100 µg/mouse. Mice were necropsied on Days 1, 2 and 4 after the final exposure, and pulmonary effects were evaluated by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), histopathology, quantitative polymerase chain reaction tests, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: Unique differences were noted in the chemical composition for each geographic region with PM SX containing the highest concentration of sulfates (organic and inorganic). A systematic examination of the time lag effects of repeated PM exposure demonstrated unique differences. In mice administered PM SX versus the control, BAL neutrophilia, alveolitis, and bronchiolitis were observed on Days 1 and 4. By Day 4, PM SX -exposed mice also exhibited increased gene expression for multiple inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (interleukin 1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, chemokine C-X-C motif ligands-3 and -5), and increased levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 relative to control-, PM CA -, or PM SD -exposed mice . Conclusions: Direct comparison of the toxic effects of three geographically different PM samples on an equal mass basis demonstrate unique pathobiology with increasing lag time post-exposure. Higher sulfate levels in PM SX versus PM CA and PM SD may contribute to the greater inflammatory responses noted that progressed over time.
Positive childbirth experience: a qualitative Study
Authors: Tabaghdehi Monirolsadate Hosseini , Keramat Afsaneh , Kolahdozan Sakineh , Shahhosseini Zohreh , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Motaghi Zahra 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective Women gain essential experiences during the labour process that the quality of these experiences impacts on the health of the mother and her child and the mother-child relationship. the aim of this study was to explore the meaning of a positive childbirth experience as expressed by women who had given birth in Iran. This is a qualitative study on conducted on a sample of 10 women aged 20- 38 with positive childbirth experience. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews were conducted during 72 hours to two months after childbirth. The sampling process was purposeful. Content analysis method was used for data analysis.Results Interviews with the participants were analyzed, and conceptual codes were extracted and then coded into two themes and five subthemes. The theme includes: control and empowerment and subtheme includes preparation, coping, support, self-efficacy and self-esteem. positive childbirth experiences play a crucial role in women's empowerment and increase fertility rates and decrease cesarean delivery. Many factors play an important role in making childbirth experience that health care systems must consider during pregnancy and childbirth in their policies and guidelines.
Acute Phase Proteins (Haptoglobin and Serum Amyloid A) and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines (IL-12 and IL-10) in Cows Vaccinated with Prototype Killed S. aureus Mastitis Vaccine and Challenged with S. aureus Mastitis Infection.
Authors: Hambali Idris Umar , Abdallah Faez Firdaus Jesse Bin , Bhuttu Khaleequl rahaman , Lila Azmi M , Zakaria zunita , Haron Abd Wahid , Jeferi M. N 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The economic downturn experienced by farmers and the fear of milk borne infection are of a greater public health concern. Haptoglobin, Serum Amyloid A, IL-12 and IL-10 in lactating Friesian cows vaccinated with prototype killed S. aureus mastitis vaccine and challenged with S. aureus were evaluated. Bacterin concentration at 10 8 cfu /ml of the local isolate of S. aureus was adjuvanted with KAl(SO₄)₂. Six lactating Friesian cows were grouped into A= Negative control, B = Positive control and C = vaccine group. Group C was vaccinated intramuscularly with 2ml of the monovalent vaccine, groups A and B with physiologic normal saline. Groups B and C were later challenged with the live bacterium via intramammary route . Result There was a significant increase in IL-10 concentration in vaccinated group post primary vaccination (PPV), booster phase (PB) and during the bacterial challenge phase. There was also a significantly increased IL-12 concentration in the vaccinated group at 24 hours, weeks 1 and 2 PPV. Haptoglobin at 12 and 24 hours PPV had a significant difference in group C. During the PB at 8 and 12 hours there was a significant difference in group C. During the bacterial challenged phase at 0, 3, 24 hours and day 7 PC there was a significant difference in group B. At 8 hours PC there was a significant difference in group C. For Serum Amyloid A, during PPV at 0, 3, 8, 12, 24 hours and weeks 1 and 2, the concentrations was significantly different in groups C. During PB at 0, 3, 8 and 12 hours PB there was a significant difference in groups C. During the bacterial challenge phase at 3, 8, 12, 24 hours, days 7 and 14 PC there was a significant difference in group B. At 0 hour PC there was a significant increase observed in group C. Conclusion The developed prototype killed S. aureus mastitis vaccine using local isolates was able to stimulate acute phase proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The pattern of responses PC indicated protection, thereby suggesting that vaccination can protect against mastitis infection in dairy cows.
Cloning, expression and monoclonal antibody of porcine interferon-regulated antiviral gene
Authors: Wang Hua , Jiao Yajuan , Kong Ning , Tong Wu , Sun Dage , Dong Sujie , Chen Xiaoyong , Zhai Huanjie , Bai Yuanzhe , Zheng Hao , Yu Hai , Li Liwei , Gao Fei , Yu Lingxue , Jiang Yifeng , Zhou Yanjun , Li Guoxin , Liu Changlong , Tong Guangzhi , Shan Tongling 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: IRAV (interferon-regulated antiviral gene) was identified with antiviral activity as a novel interferon-stimulated gene. IRAV is upregulated in response to type I and type II IFNs and a number of virus. However, the antiviral activity of IRAV to virus infection is poorly understood. Results: In this study, we cloned the full-length IRAV complementary DNA (cDNA) from porcine kidney cells. The porcine IRAV cDNA was of 1241 bp with an open reading frame of 858 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 285 amino acids, which localized to the cytoplasm. The porcine IRAV protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), purified and immunized to female BALB/c mice to get monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against porcine IRAV. Five strains of hybridoma cells named 2B10, 2G12, 2H1,5A8 and 2C5 secreting anti-IRAV MAbs were obtained. By western blot analysis and indirect immunofluorescence assay, the MAbs were identified with the specific reaction with the overexpressed porcine IRAV protein in PK15 cells. Conclusions: The MAbs against porcine IRAV, identified by western blot and IFA, provid a valuable tool to study the biological function of IRAV in the future.
Current practices of management of congenital Cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy and childhood: systematic review protocol
Authors: Dubois Claire Perillaud , Belhadi Drifa , Laouénan Cédric , Mandelbrot Laurent , Vauloup-Fellous Christelle , Picone Olivier 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Congenital CMV infection is the first worldwide cause of congenital viral infection and a major cause of sensorineural hearing loss and mental retardation. As systematic screening of pregnant women and newborns is still debated in many countries, this systematic review aims to provide the state of the art on current practices concerning management of congenital CMV infection.Methods: We will perform electronically searches on MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), ClinicalTrials.gov, Web of Science and hand searches in grey literature. Interventions regarding biological, imaging, and therapeutic management of infected pregnant women, fetuses and neonates/children (from birth to 6 years old) will be studied in this systematic review. Study screening will be performed in duplicate by two independent reviewers and risk of bias will be evaluated with the ROBINS-I tool. Discussion: This review will provide the state of the art of current management of congenital CMV infection in pregnant women, fetuses, neonates and children until 6 years old, in order to have an overview of current practices of congenital CMV infection.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42019124342
Functional outcome of patients after shoulder hemiarthroplasty for neglected fractured proximal humerus
Authors: Marsetio Aldo Fransiskus , Aminata Iman Widya , Wonggokusuma Erick , Dalitan Ivan Mucharry 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction. The main objective of hemiarthroplasty is to restore the shoulder into the state of fully functional and pain-free. The most important steps in performing hemiarthroplasty are during obtaining proper head height and shaft length, retroversion correction, and tuberosities fixation. Literatures have shown significant improvement on patients performed shoulder hemiarthroplasty, either in the short and medium term or in the long term.Methods. We did a retrospective cohort on patients with neglected proximal humerus fracture who underwent shoulder hemiarthroplasty at several hospitals in Jakarta, including Fatmawati general hospital, Siaga Raya hospital, Siloam hospital and Mitra Kemayoran hospital. Patients who underwent surgery within 2015 to 2018 were enrolled in this study. All patients with neglected Neer 3-part or Neer 4-part proximal humerus fracture, confirmed by x-ray and computed tomography scans, were included. Patients were referred to the surgeon at least 2 weeks after injuryResult. Hemiarthroplasty result in satisfactory functional outcomes, with ASES score Preoperative (median (range)) 4.9 (5-37) improved to Postoperative (Mean±SD) 67.27 ± 13.37. Despite the Age at surgery (years, Mean±SD) 63.87 ± 14.65 are in the elderly group and timing of the operation relative to the initial trauma is (median, range) 13 weeks (2-156), hemiarthroplasty still result in a satisfactory functional outcome even though our patients fracture pattern were Neer 3 and Neer 4.Conclusion. Hemiarthroplasty in neglected three- and four- part proximal humerus fracture is positively correlated with satisfactory clinical and functional outcomes even with associated AVN of humeral head despite the age and the timing of operation.
The Time-dependent Effects of Bipolar Radiofrequency Energy on Bovine Articular Cartilage
Authors: Peng Liangquan , Li Yusheng , Zhang Kai , Chen Qi , Xiao Lulu , Geng Yiyun , Huang Yong , Zhu Weimin , Lu Wei , Zhang Greg , Deng Zhenhan , Wang Daping 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of bipolar radiofrequency energy (bRFE) on chondroplasty at the different time durations in an in vitro experiment that simulated an arthroscopic procedure. Methods: Six fresh bovine knees were used in our study. Six squares were marked on both the medical and lateral femoral condyles of each femur. Each square was respectively treated with bRFE for 0s, 10s, 20s, 30s, 40s and 50s. Full-thickness articular cartilage specimens were harvested from the treatment areas. Each specimen was divided into three distinct parts: one for hematoxylin/eosin staining histology, another for cartilage surface contouring assessment via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the last one for glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content measurement. Results: bRFE caused time-correlated damage to chondrocytes, and GAG content in the cartilage was negatively correlated to exposure time. bRFE caused time-correlated damage to chondrocytes. The GAG content in the cartilage negatively correlated with the exposure time. The sealing effect positively correlated with the exposure time. Additionally, it took at least 20 seconds of radiofrequency exposure to render a smooth cartilage surface and a score of 2 (normal) in the scoring system used. Conclusion: bRFE usage in chondroplasty could effectively trim and polish the cartilage lesion area; however, it induces a dose-dependent detrimental effect on chondrocytes and metabolic activity that negatively correlated with the treatment time. Therefore, cautions should be taken in the use of bRFE for treatment of articular cartilage injury.
Malapposition of Graft-host Interface after Penetrating Keratoplasty (PK) and Deep Anterior lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK): an optical coherence tomography study
Authors: Zhao Yujin , Zhuang Hong , Hong Jiaxu , Tian Lijia , Xu Jianjiang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Backgroud: Previous studies of internal graft-host malappositions have not dealt with the precise ways in which each malapposition affected post-penetrating keratoplasty (post-PK) visual outcomes. In this study, we reviewed our post-PK and post-deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (post-DALK) keratoconic patients and used anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) to evaluate the associations between graft-host interface (GHI) characteristics and visual outcomes. Methods: Novel GHI metrics included: mean graft-host touch (GHT), total prevalence of malapposition proportion (Pm), frequency of apposition (F), size of malapposition (Sm), junctional graft thickness (Tg), junctional host thickness (Th) and the absolute value of difference between Tg and Th (|Tg-Th|). We connected the external and internal junction points of GHI (GHT) and drew a straight line through the central point, perpendicular to both sides of the cornea. Tg and Th were the thicknesses at cross-points 1 mm away from the meeting point on the external side of the graft and host, respectively. Linear regression analysis was used to describe associations between GHI metrics and postsurgical visual outcomes [ logarithm of minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity (logMAR BCVA), spherical equivalent diopter (SE), diopter of spherical power (DS), diopter of cylindrical power (DC) and keratometric astigmatism (Astig value)]. Results: We enrolled 22 post-PK and 23 post-DALK keratoconic patients. Compared with the regular-apposition results, GHT was decreased in step and gape patterns, and increased in hill and tag patterns. SE increased averagely by 6.851, 5.428 and 5.164 diopter per 1% increase in: F (step) [β=6.851; 95% Confidence interval (CI)=2.975-10.727; P=0.001]; F (graft step) [β=5.428; 95% CI=1.685-9.171; P=0.005]; and Pm [β=5.164; 95%CI=0.913-9.146; P=0.018], respectively. SE increased averagely by 0.31 diopter per 10-μm increment in |Tg-Th| [β=0.031; 95% CI=0.009-0.054; P=0.007]. LogMAR BCVA increased (on average) by 0.01 per 10-μm increment in both GHT [β=0.001; 95% CI=0-0.002; P=0.030]. and Tg [β=0.001; 95% CI=0.001-0.002; P=0.001]. Astig value increased on average by 0.17 diopter per 10-μm increment in Sm [β=0.017; 95% CI=0-0.033; P=0.047]. Conclusion: This investigation of GHI characteristics suggests explanations for varied ametropia in keratoconic eyes and has potential significance as a reference for promoting pre-surgical planning and technology for corneal transplantation.
UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK DAUN HYPERICUM LESCHENAULTII CHOISY DARI GUNUNG LAWU TERHADAP ARTEMIA SALINA L. SEBAGAI KANDIDAT ANTIKANKER
Authors: Noviana Yudha , Ayudewandari Pranatami Dwimei 
Published: January 2020

<p><em>Mount Lawu is a biodiversity rich mountain, with the potensial of medicinal plants of various kinds including anticancer plants. Flora on the Mount Lawu that has potential for anticancer is Hypericum leschenaultii Choisy containing compounds hypericin. Hypericum has several biological activities such as a antioxidant, antitumor, and anticancer. The research aims to determine the potential of bioactive compounds and extracts of the leaves of H. leschenaultii from Mount Lawu and toxicity to Artemia salina Leach and profile Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) it. Ethanol extract of the leaves of H. leschenaultii was tested toxicity with Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST) using a concentration of 400 µg/ml, 200 µg/ml, 100 µg/ml, 50 µg/ml, 25 µg/ml. The TLC profiles of bioactive compounds were determined by using spesific spray reagent. The results show the potential and toxicity of leaf extract of H. leschenaultii with LC values 175,77 µg/ml. TLC profile of bioactive compounds leaf extract of H. leschenaultiicontaining flavonoids with Rf values of 0,98 and terpenoid compounds with Rf value of 0,91; 0,95; 0,98. </em></p><p>==================================================</p><p>Gunung Lawu merupakan gunung yang kaya akan keanekaragaman hayati, dengan potensi tumbuhan obat yang beragam, termasuk potensi tumbuhan sebagai antikanker. Adanya potensi tumbuhan sebagai sumber senyawa antikanker tersebut belum banyak diteliti dan digunakan sebagai pengobatan alternatif. Flora di Gunung Lawu yang potensial sebagai tumbuhan antikanker, yaitu <em>Hypericum leschenaultii </em>Choisy yang mengandung senyawa <em>hypericin</em> dan memiliki status keberadaan yang melimpah di Gunung lawu, sehingga sangat penting untuk diketahui manfaatnya agar dapat dimanfaatkan lebih luas. <em>Hypericin </em>memiliki beberapa aktivitas biologis seperti antioksidan, antitumor, dan antikanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi senyawa bioaktif ekstrak daun <em>H. leschenaultii </em>dari Gunung Lawu sebagai antikanker dengan melihat toksisitasnya terhadap <em>Artemia salina </em>Leach serta profil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) nya. Untuk mengetahui potensi sebagai tanaman antikanker maka ekstrak etanol daun <em>H. leschenaultii</em> diuji toksisitasnya dengan metode <em>Brine Shrimp Lethality Test </em>(BST). Dalam uji BST tersebut digunakan 5 konsentrasi esktrak etanol daun <em>H. leschenaultii </em>yaitu:<em> </em>400 µg/ml, 200 µg/ml, 100 µg/ml, 50 µg/ml, 25 µg/ml. Kandungan senyawa bioaktif dideteksi dengan reagen semprot spesifik untuk mengetahui profil KLT-nya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan potensi dan toksisitas ekstrak <em>H. leschenaultii</em> dengan nilai LC 175,77 µg/ml. Profil KLT senyawa bioaktif ekstrak daun <em>H. leschenaultii</em> mengandung senyawa flavonoid dengan nilai Rf 0,98 serta senyawa terpenoid dengan nilai Rf 0,91; 0,95; 0,98.</p><p> </p>