bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A life cycle analysis (LCA) primer for the agricultural community
Authors: Sieverding Heidi , Kebreab Ermias , Johnson Jane M. F. , Xu Hui , Wang Michael , Grosso Stephen J. Del , Bruggeman Stephanie , Stewart Catherine E. , Westhoff Shaina , Ristau James , Kumar Sandeep , Stone James J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractConsumer demand for sustainably produced agricultural products is increasing. One approach that can be used to evaluate and compare product sustainability is to conduct a life cycle analysis (LCA). The term LCA is broadly used to describe a suite of analytical resources and standardized methods. Life cycle analyses are a transdisciplinary tool which can and are used by all professions but work best when conducted by teams with diverse skills and backgrounds. The objective of this paper is to provide a primer on LCAs for the agricultural community and for LCA practitioners unfamiliar with agronomy. Agricultural LCAs can differ greatly because agricultural products have multiple end uses, complex socio‐economic and environmental trade‐offs, and can be generated using a variety of different practices, resources, and production systems. Through worldwide agricultural marketing, intricate agronomic supply chains and support systems have been developed to produce, store, and distribute agricultural products. In many situations, the production practices are not linked to the products consumers purchase. This limitation can be partially overcome by conducting an LCA, which is a systematic summation of the multiple environmental impacts associated with the production, use, and disposal of a product. However, the large number and types of analyses can make it difficult for non‐practitioners and decision‐makers to use and interpret LCA results. It is important for members of the agricultural community to be aware of these analyses and how they can be used and how they affect product markets.
Types of ocular injury and their antecedent factors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nowrouzi‐Kia Behnam , Nadesar Nirusa , Sun Yingji , Gohar Basem , Casole Jennifer , Nowrouzi‐Kia Behdin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundOcular injuries are an important workplace hazard that can lead to vision loss, decreased functioning, and socioeconomic costs. The aim of this systematic review is to identify types of occupational ocular injuries and examine factors associated with these injuries.MethodsFour health sciences databases (Ovid Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL) were reviewed to identify evidence pertaining to occupational ocular injuries. This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42018089876) and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA). The PICO (Population/Intervention/Comparison/Outcome) tool was used to support, structure, and improve our search strategy.ResultsOverall, 12 studies with quantitative Critical Appraisal Skills Programme grading scores were assessed in a systematic review and meta‐analysis of ocular injuries in the workplace. The systematic review identified four main factors associated with occupational ocular injury: (a) use of eye protection at the time of the ocular injury, (b) being male, (c) exposure to biological or chemical occupational hazards, and (d) risk‐taking behavior.ConclusionsDifferences in risk between countries of origin, occupational sectors, and dates of publication, suggest likely differences or changes in safety procedures. We recommend that employers ensure that safety equipment is tailored to the protection of their specific occupational hazards, and that employees are adhering to safety protocols.
Synthesis of Polymers Containing Potassium Acyltrifluoroborates (KATs) and Post‐polymerization Ligation and Conjugation
Authors: Schauenburg Dominik , Divandari Mohammad , Neumann Kevin , Spiegel Christoph A. , Hackett Thomas , Dzeng Yi‐Chung , Spencer Nicholas D. , Bode Jeffrey W. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe report the synthesis of monomers for atom‐transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and a reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent bearing trifluoroborate iminiums (TIMs), which are quantitatively converted into potassium acyltrifluoroborates (KATs) after polymerization. The resulting KAT‐containing polymers are suitable for rapid amide‐forming ligations for both post‐polymerization modification and polymer conjugation. The polymer conjugation occurs rapidly, even under dilute (micromolar) aqueous conditions at ambient temperatures, thereby enabling the synthesis of a variety of linear and star‐shaped block copolymers. In addition, we applied post‐polymerization modification to the covalent linking of a photocaged cyclic antibiotic (gramicidin S) to the side chains of the KAT‐containing copolymer. Cellular assays revealed that the polymer–antibiotic conjugate is biocompatible and provides efficient light‐controlled release of the antibiotic on demand.
Investigation on the Growth Mechanism of Cu2MoS4 Nanotube, Nanoplate and its use as a Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution in Water
Authors: Le Ly T. , Nguyen Thao T. T. , Nguyen Trang T. T. , Nguyen Mai T. T. , Ung Thuy T. D. , Tran Phong D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCu2MoS4 is a ternary transition‐metal sulfide that shows great potential in the field of energy conversion and storage, namely catalytic H2 evolution in water and Li‐, Na‐ or Mg‐ion battery. In this work, we report on a growth mechanism of the single‐crystalline Cu2MoS4 nanotube from (NH4)2MoS4 salt and Cu2O nanoparticle. By probing the nature and morphology of solid products generated in function of reaction conditions we find that the crystalline Cu(NH4)MoS4 nanorod is first generated at ambient conditions. The nanorod is then converted into Cu2MoS4 nanotube under hydrothermal treatment due to the Kirkendall effect or a selective etching of the Cu2MoS4 core. Extending the hydrothermal treatment causes a collapse of nanotube generating Cu2MoS4 nanoplate. The catalytic activities of these sulfides are investigated. The Cu2MoS4 shows superior catalytic activity to that of Cu(NH4)MoS4. Catalytic performance of the former largely depends on its morphology. The nanoplate shows superior catalytic activity to the nanotube, thanks to its higher specific electrochemical surface area.
Edge‐NFx (x=1 or 2) Protected Graphitic Nanoplatelets as a Stable Lithium Storage Material
Authors: Noh Hyuk‐Jun , Liu Shenghong , Yu Soo‐Young , Fan Qinghua , Xiao Feng , Xu Jiantie , Jeon In‐Yup , Baek Jong‐Beom 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEdge‐NFx (x=1 or 2) protected graphitic nanoplatelets (NFGnPs) are synthesized for the first time as a stable anode material for lithium storage. The NFGnPs are prepared via mechanochemical reaction, by ball‐milling graphite in the presence of nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) gas. The average grain size of the NFGnPs is dramatically reduced compared to the starting graphite. The ball‐milling effectively unzips graphitic C−C bonds, generating active carbon species (C.), which form edge C−NFx bonds and delaminate the graphite layers into a few layered NFGnPs. The resulting NFGnPs have a large specific surface area (671.0 m2 g−1). The edge functionalities of the NFGnPs consist of major C(C)=NF1 and minor C−NF2 moieties. Because of their large specific surface area, the NFGnPs display high average reversible capacities of 850.5, 722.4, 576.4, 482.0, 369.1, 229.7, 127.5 mAh g−1 at 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5 and 10 C, respectively, with excellent rate capability. More importantly, due to the edge protection provided by the stable C(C)=NF1 bonds (pseudo‐aromatic), the NFGnPs maintain a high reversible charge capacity of 421.6 mAh g−1 at 2 C, with an initial capacity retention of 78.3 % after 200 cycles.
Propensity score regression analysis of oesophageal adenocarcinoma treatment with surgery alone or neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Powell A G M T , Karran A , Blake P , Christian A , Roberts S A , Lewis W G 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Propensity score (PS) regression analysis can be used to minimize differences between cohorts in order to perform comparisons The aim of this study was to use PS analysis to examine the outcomes of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) treatment with surgery alone or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by surgery (NACS), to see whether the benefits seen in a randomized trial (MRC OE02) were reproducible in a UK cancer network clinical practice.

Methods
Consecutive patients undergoing potentially curative treatment for OAC in a regional cancer network were studied. Multiple regression models, including PS analysis, were developed to account for confounding factors. Primary outcome measures were disease-free (DFS) and overall (OS) survival.

Results
A cohort of 440 patients was included in a regression analysis controlling for confounders (176 surgery alone, 264 NACS). NACS was associated with a higher positive margin status rate compared with surgery alone (42·4 versus 26·7 per cent respectively; P &lt; 0·001), an inferior 5-year DFS rate (32·1 versus 56·9 per cent; P &lt; 0·001) and a worse 5-year OS rate (27·5 versus 47·3 per cent; P &lt; 0·001). On regression adjustment based on propensity scores, NACS was not associated with DFS (P = 0·220) or OS (P = 0·431). The Mandard tumour regression grade (TRG) score was significantly associated with DFS (hazard ratio (HR) 0·21, 95 per cent c.i. 0·07 to 0·70) and OS (HR 0·27, 0·13 to 0·59). Five-year DFS and OS rates related to TRG were 64 and 62 per cent respectively for 25 good responders versus 8·0 and 8·6 per cent for 127 poor responders (P &lt; 0·001).

Conclusion
The prescription of NAC to all patients with OAC risks delay in effective treatment of patients who are relatively chemoresistant, given the variability in pathological response. Identification of patients with OAC who may derive the most benefit from NAC should be the focus.
PRADA: Portable Reusable Accurate Diagnostics with nanostar Antennas for multiplexed biomarker screening
Authors: Wen Xiaona , Ou Yu‐Chuan , Zarick Holly F. , Zhang Xin , Hmelo Anthony B. , Victor Quinton J. , Paul Eden P. , Slocik Joseph M. , Naik Rajesh R. , Bellan Leon M. , Lin Eugene C. , Bardhan Rizia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPrecise monitoring of specific biomarkers in biological fluids with accurate biodiagnostic sensors is critical for early diagnosis of diseases and subsequent treatment planning. In this work, we demonstrated an innovative biodiagnostic sensor, portable reusable accurate diagnostics with nanostar antennas (PRADA), for multiplexed biomarker detection in small volumes (~50 μl) enabled in a microfluidic platform. Here, PRADA simultaneously detected two biomarkers of myocardial infarction, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), which is well accepted for cardiac disorders, and neuropeptide Y (NPY), which controls cardiac sympathetic drive. In PRADA immunoassay, magnetic beads captured the biomarkers in human serum samples, and gold nanostars (GNSs) “antennas” labeled with peptide biorecognition elements and Raman tags detected the biomarkers via surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The peptide‐conjugated GNS‐SERS barcodes were leveraged to achieve high sensitivity, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0055 ng/ml of cTnI, and a LOD of 0.12 ng/ml of NPY comparable with commercially available test kits. The innovation of PRADA was also in the regeneration and reuse of the same sensor chip for ~14 cycles. We validated PRADA by testing cTnI in 11 de‐identified cardiac patient samples of various demographics within a 95% confidence interval and high precision profile. We envision low‐cost PRADA will have tremendous translational impact and be amenable to resource‐limited settings for accurate treatment planning in patients.
High incidence of RAS pathway mutations among sentinel genetic lesions of Korean pediatric BCR‐ABL1‐like acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Lee Jae Wook , Kim Yonggoo , Cho Bin , Kim Seongkoo , Jang Pil‐Sang , Lee Jaewoong , Cho Hanwool , Lee Gun Dong , Chung Nack‐Gyun , Kim Myungshin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionRecent advances in genetic analysis have led to the discovery of novel genetic subtypes of precursor B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) with prognostic relevance. In this study, we studied a cohort of pediatric B‐ALL patients to retrospectively determine the incidence of patients harboring novel genetic subtypes, as well as their outcome.MethodsB‐ALL patients (N = 190) diagnosed in a single Korean hospital were included in the study. Patients' medical records were reviewed for data on established genetic abnormalities and outcome. CRLF2 expression was analyzed by quantitative RT‐PCR. Anchored multiplex PCR‐based enrichment was used to detect fusions and point mutations in 81 ALL‐related genes.ResultsIncidence of established recurrent genetic subtypes was as follows: high hyperdiploidy (21.6%), ETV6‐RUNX1 (21.6%), BCR‐ABL1 (7.9%), KMT2A rearrangement (7.4%) TCF3‐PBX1/TCF3‐HLF (7.4%), and hypodiploidy (1.1%). Incidence of new genetic subtypes was as follows: BCR‐ABL1‐like (13.2%), ETV6‐RUNX1‐like (2.1%), EWSR1‐ZNF384 (1.1%), and iAMP21 (1.1%). Median age at diagnosis of BCR‐ABL1‐like ALL was 6.8 years. According to type of genetic abnormality, BCR‐ABL1‐like ALL was divided into ABL class (12%), CRLF2 class (8%), JAK‐STAT class (12%), and RAS class (68%). The 5‐year event‐free survival (EFS) of BCR‐ABL1‐like patients was significantly inferior to non‐BCR‐ABL1‐like low‐ and standard‐risk patients (71.5 ± 9.1% vs 92.5 ± 3.2%, P = .001) and comparable to non‐BCR‐ABL1‐like high (75.2 ± 6.2%) and very high‐risk patients (56.8 ± 7.4%). All four ETV6‐RUNX1‐like patients survived event‐free.ConclusionAnalogous to previous studies, incidence of BCR‐ABL1‐like ALL in our cohort was 13.2% with outcome comparable to high and very high‐risk patients. A significantly high number of RAS class mutations was a distinct feature of our BCR‐ABL1‐like ALL group.
TMEM98 mRNA promotes proliferation and invasion of gastric cells by directly interacting with NF90 protein
Authors: Ao Xudong , Li Xinxin , Chen Yongxia , Zang Zhichao , Guo Weichun , Liang Junqing 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTransmembrane protein 98 (TMEM98) is a recently discovered gene, the inhibition of which has preliminarily been demonstrated to inhibit progression of several solid cancers in vitro. However, its involvement in tumorigenesis of gastric cancer (GC) has not been reported. Here, we aimed to explore the expression of TMEM98 in GC tissues and cell lines and to determine the role of TMEM98 in GC cell proliferation and invasion. TMEM98 was significantly upregulated in GC tissues, which was associated with low survival rate of GC patients. Interestingly, GC cell proliferation and invasion were promoted by TMEM98 messenger RNA (mRNA) upregulation and inhibited by TMEM98 mRNA downregulation, but not affected by TMEM98 protein. Using RNA‐binding protein immunoprecipitation assay and RNA pull‐down assay, we demonstrated that TMEM98 mRNA could directly bind with and upregulate nuclear factor 90 (NF90). Similarly, NF90 protein could not only enhance the stability of TMEM98 mRNA but antagonize the suppressive effect of TMEM98‐small interfering RNA on proliferation and invasion in MKN‐45 cells. Moreover, RNA pull‐down assay, with wild‐type (WT) and binding‐site‐mutated biotinylated TMEM98 mRNA transcripts, demonstrated that WT TMEM98 mRNA bound with NF90 protein through an 8‐nt motif at the last exon, but the motif mutation abolished the capacity of TMEM98 mRNA binding to NF90 protein. Furthermore, overexpression of the WT last exon of TMEM98 increased NF90 expression and cell proliferation/invasion expectedly, but overexpression of the mutated last exon had no obvious effect. In conclusion, TMEM98 mRNA enhanced the proliferation and invasion of GC cells by interacting with the NF90 protein.
Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(hydrogen halide) Halogenates (–I)
Authors: Voßnacker Patrick , Steinhauer Simon , Bader Julia , Riedel Sebastian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHerein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a variety of novel poly(hydrogen halide) halogenates (−I). The bifluoride ion, which is known to have the highest hydrogen bond energy of ≈160 kJ mol−1, is the most famous among many examples of [X(HX)n]− anions (X=F, Cl) known in the literature. In contrast, little is known about poly(hydrogen halide) halogenates containing two different halogens, ([X(HY)n]−). In this work we present the synthesis of anions of the type [X(HY)n]− (X=Br, I, ClO4; Y=Cl, Br, CN) stabilized by the [PPh4]+ and [PPN]+ cation. The obtained compounds have been characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and quantum‐chemical calculations. In addition, the behavior of halide ions in hydrogen fluoride was investigated by using experimental and quantum‐chemical methods in order to gain knowledge on the acidity of hydrogen halides in HF.
Symptom burden trajectories experienced by patients with brain tumors
Authors: Lai Jin‐Shei , Beaumont Jennifer L. , Kupst Mary Jo , Peipert John Devin , Cella David , Fisher Allison Piazza , Goldman Stewart 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundSurvivors of childhood brain tumors experience persistent health concerns across their lifespan. In the current study, the authors evaluated changes in symptom burden over the course of 12 months using pediatric Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures.MethodsData from 202 survivors aged 8 to 21 years and 262 parents of survivors who were aged 5 to 21 years were analyzed. All completed a PROMIS Cognition short form and computerized adaptive tests of pediatric Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, Fatigue, Mobility, Upper Extremity Function, and Peer Relationships. Approximately one‐half of participants (223 participants: 97 survivors of childhood brain tumors and 126 parents) completed the 12‐month follow‐up. Linear mixed‐effects models evaluated group‐level symptoms over time. Cox proportional hazard models explored whether symptoms predicted survival, and latent class growth analysis investigated patterns of individual‐level symptom changes over time.ResultsLinear mixed‐effects models demonstrated that patient‐reported Cognition and parent‐reported Anxiety worsened over time. Latent class growth analysis results indicated that patient and parent reports diverged, both with regard to the number of classes identified and in the trends of these classes. Parents and patients reported similar patterns of depression over time. For the other areas, parents either were more likely to observe different patterns (Peer Relationships and Mobility) or less likely to observe different patterns (Upper Extremity Function, Cognition, Anxiety, and Fatigue). Baseline patient‐reported Mobility and Upper Extremity Function were found to be associated with survival.ConclusionsSurvivors of childhood brain tumors demonstrated different trajectory patterns of symptom burden. Along with baseline functioning status and days since treatment, patient‐reported Mobility and Upper Extremity Function were associated with survival, suggesting a possible role for patient‐reported outcomes in clinical care, especially individualized, tailored assessments such as PROMIS.
Differential expression of drug resistance genes in CD146 positive dental pulp derived stem cells and CD146 negative fibroblasts
Authors: Tavangar Maryam S. , Attar Armin , Razmkhah Mahboobeh , Hosseini Seyed‐Mojtaba , Hosseini Ahmad , Monabati Ahmad , Shafiei Fereshteh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe stem cell portion of the dental pulp derived cultures (DPSCs) showed a higher resistance to cytotoxic effect of restorative dental materials compared to pulpal fibroblasts (DPFs). Here, we aimed to compare the expression of some drug resistant genes between these cells.Methods and materialsTo separate DPSCs from DPFs, we used magnetic cell sorting technique based on CD146 expression. To assess the stem cell properties, the positive and negative portions underwent colony forming assays and were induced to be differentiated into the adipocytes, osteoblasts, hepatocytes, and neural cells. Cell surface antigen panels were checked using immune fluorescence and flow‐cytometry techniques. The mRNA expression of 14 ABC transporters including ABCA2, ABCB1, ABCB11, ABCC1, ABCC2, ABCC3, ABCC4, ABCC5‐2, ABCC5‐4,ABCC5‐13, ABCC6, ABCC10, ABCC11, and ABCG2 genes was assessed, using quantitative RT‐PCR technique.ResultsOnly the CD146 positive portion could be differentiated into the desired fates, and they formed higher colonies (16.7 ± 3.32 vs. 1.7 ± 1.67, p < .001). The cell surface antigen panels were the same, except for CD146 and STRO‐1 markers which were expressed only in the positive portion. Among the ABC transporter genes studied, the positive portion showed a higher expression (approximately two‐fold) of ABCA2, ABCC5‐13, and ABCC5‐2 genes.ConclusionDental pulp stem cells which can be separated from dental pulp fibroblasts based on CD146 expression, express higher levels of some drug resistance genes which probably accounts for their features of more resistance to cytotoxic effects of some dental materials. This needs to be more validated in future.
Syntheses and analytical characterizations of novel (2‐aminopropyl)benzo[b]thiophene (APBT) based stimulants
Authors: Brandt Simon D. , Carlino Laura , Kavanagh Pierce V. , Westphal Folker , Dreiseitel Wolfgang , Dowling Geraldine , Baumann Michael H. , Sitte Harald H. , Halberstadt Adam L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTwo groups of amphetamine‐like drugs with psychostimulant properties that were first developed during the course of scientific studies and later emerged as new psychoactive substances (NPS) are based on the (2‐aminopropyl)indole (API) and (2‐aminopropyl)benzofuran (APB) structural scaffolds. However, sulfur‐based analogs with a benzo[b]thiophene structure (resulting in (2‐aminopropyl)benzo[b]thiophene (APBT) derivatives) have received little attention. In the present investigation, all six racemic APBT positional isomers were synthesized in an effort to understand their structure–activity relationships relative to API‐ and APB‐based drugs. One lesson learned from the NPS phenomenon is that one cannot exclude the appearance of such substances on the market. Therefore, an in‐depth analytical characterization was performed, including various single‐ and tandem mass spectrometry (MS) and ionization platforms coupled to gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and solid phase and GC condensed phase infrared spectroscopy (GC‐sIR). Various derivatizations have also been explored; it was found that all six APBT isomers could be differentiated during GC analysis after derivatization with heptafluorobutyric anhydride and ethyl chloroformate (or heptafluorobutyric anhydride and acetic anhydride) under non‐routine conditions. Discriminating analytical features can also be derived from NMR, GC‐EI/CI‐ single‐ and tandem mass spectrometry, LC (pentafluorophenyl stationary phase), and various infrared spectroscopy approaches (including GC‐sIR). Availability of detailed analytical data obtained from these novel APBT‐type stimulants may be useful to researchers and scientists in cases where forensic and clinical investigations are warranted.