bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yin Yang 1 is critical for mid-hindbrain neuroepithelium development and involved in cerebellar agenesis
Authors: Dong Xiaonan , Kwan Kin Ming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed transcription factorYin Yang 1(Yy1), was named after its dual functions of both activating and repressing gene transcription.Yy1plays complex roles in various fundamental biological processes such as the cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Patients with dominantYy1mutations suffer from central nervous system (CNS) developmental defects. However, the role ofYy1in mammalian CNS development remains to be fully elucidated. The isthmus organizer locates to the mid-hindbrain (MHB) boundary region and serves as the critical signaling center during midbrain and cerebellar early patterning. To study the function ofYy1in mesencephalon/ rhombomere 1 (mes/r1) neuroepithelium development, we utilized the tissue-specificCre-LoxPsystem and generated a conditional knockout mouse line to inactivateYy1in the MHB region. Mice withYy1deletion in the mes/r1 region displayed cerebellar agenesis and dorsal midbrain hypoplasia. TheYy1deleted neuroepithelial cells underwent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, with the concurrent changes of cell cycle regulatory genes expression, as well as activation of the p53 pathway. Moreover, we found thatYy1is involved in the transcriptional activation ofWnt1in neural stem cells. Thus, our work demonstrates the involvement ofYy1in cerebellar agenesis and the critical function ofYy1in mouse early MHB neuroepithelium maintenance and development.
Effects of the weight of shoes on calf muscle simulation
Authors: Wang I‐Lin , Chen Yi‐Ming , Zhang Ke‐Ke , Gou Ming , Li Jia‐Qi , Jiang Yu‐Hong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe current study investigated the effects of shoes of different weights on calf individual muscle contributions during a running cycle. Twenty male runners ran on a force platform with shoes of four different weights (175 g, 255 g, 335 g, and 415 g). The study evaluated runners' lower extremity muscle forces under the four shoe weight conditions using a musculoskeletal modeling system. The system generates equality and inequality constraint equations to simulate muscle forces. The individual muscle contributions in each calf were determined using these muscle forces. Data were compared using one‐way repeated‐measure ANOVA. The results revealed significant differences in the contributions of the gastrocnemius lateralis. Post hoc comparisons revealed that running in the 175 g shoes resulted in a larger contribution of the gastrocnemius lateralis than running in the 415 g shoes during the braking phase. Therefore, wearing lightweight shoes while running may promote fatigue in the gastrocnemius muscle during the braking phase. The calf muscle activation results may indicate that an adaptation period is warranted when changing from heavy to lightweight shoes.
Ventilation, oxidative stress and risk of brain injury in preterm newborn
Authors: Cannavò Laura , Rulli Immacolata , Falsaperla Raffaele , Corsello Giovanni , Gitto Eloisa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPreterm infants have an increased risk of cognitive and behavioral deficits and cerebral palsy compared to term born babies. Especially before 32 weeks of gestation, infants may require respiratory support, but at the same time, ventilation is known to induce oxidative stress, increasing the risk of brain injury. Ventilation may cause brain damage through two pathways: localized cerebral inflammatory response and hemodynamic instability. During ventilation, the most important causes of pro-inflammatory cytokine release are oxygen toxicity, barotrauma and volutrauma. The purpose of this review was to analyze the mechanism of ventilation-induced lung injury (VILI) and the relationship between brain injury and VILI in order to provide the safest possible respiratory support to a premature baby. As gentle ventilation from the delivery room is needed to reduce VILI, it is recommended to start ventilation with 21–30% oxygen, prefer a non-invasive respiratory approach and, if mechanical ventilation is required, prefer low Positive End-Expiratory Pressure and tidal volume.
Serum concentration of asprosin in new-onset type 2 diabetes
Authors: Naiemian Shakiba , Naeemipour Mohsen , Zarei Mehdi , Lari Najafi Moslem , Gohari Ali , Behroozikhah Mohammad Reza , Heydari Hafez , Miri Mohammad 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Asprosin, a newly identified adipokine, is pathologically increased in individuals with insulin resistance. However, the available evidence on the association of asprosin and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status is still scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between serum concentrations of asprosin and T2DM status.

Methods
This observational study was performed based on 194 adults (97 newly diagnosed T2DM and 97 healthy individuals). Anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined in all participants. Serum concentrations of asprosin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results
In patients with T2DM, the serum concentrations of asprosin were significantly higher than the healthy controls (4.18 [IQR: 4.4] vs. 3.5 [IQR: 1.85], P < 0.001). The concentrations of asprosin were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in healthy subjects and with BMI, FBG, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI), triacylglycerol (TAG) and total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio in the T2DM group. In fully adjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) of T2DM with serum concentrations of asprosin was approximately 1.547 (95% CI 1.293–1.850, P < 0.001) compared to the control group. Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that FBG and HOMA-IR were independently associated with asprosin in T2DM.

Conclusion
Our findings indicated that serum concentrations of asprosin are increased in patients with T2DM. Also, asprosin is correlated with insulin resistance and TC/HDL-C ratio (atherosclerotic risk factor of cardiovascular diseases) in patients with T2DM.
Impact of prematurity and the CTG repeat length on outcomes in congenital myotonic dystrophy
Authors: Saito Yu , Matsumura Kenta , Kageyama Misao , Kato Yuichi , Ohta Eiji , Sumi Kiyoaki , Futatani Takeshi , Yoshida Taketoshi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective
Patients with congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM) tend to be born preterm. Although the CDM severity generally depends on the CTG repeat length, prematurity may also affect the prognosis in patients with CDM. Given that preterm birth is expected to increase the risk of CDM in newborns, we investigated the outcomes of newborns with CDM according to gestational age to assess prematurity and the CTG repeat length for predicting prognosis.

Results
We assessed the outcomes of 54 infants with CDM using data collected from our hospitals and previously published studies. The patients were divided into mild and severe groups based on clinical outcomes. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for CDM prognosis according to gestational age and the CTG repeat length and to construct a predictive model. Logistic regression analysis showed both the CTG repeat and gestational age were significantly associated with severe outcomes in patients with CDM (OR: 32.27, 95% CI 3.45–300.7; p = 0.002 and OR: 0.73, 95% CI 0.58–0.93; p = 0.0094, respectively). This predictive model for CDM prognosis exhibited good sensitivity (63%) and specificity (86%). Both prematurity and the CTG repeat length were significantly associated with the CDM severity.
SEIR model for COVID-19 dynamics incorporating the environment and social distancing
Authors: Mwalili Samuel , Kimathi Mark , Ojiambo Viona , Gathungu Duncan , Mbogo Rachel 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic respiratory illness spreading from person-to-person caused by a novel coronavirus and poses a serious public health risk. The goal of this study was to apply a modified susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) compartmental mathematical model for prediction of COVID-19 epidemic dynamics incorporating pathogen in the environment and interventions. The next generation matrix approach was used to determine the basic reproduction number $$R_0$$

R
0

. The model equations are solved numerically using fourth and fifth order Runge–Kutta methods.

Results
We found an $$R_0$$

R
0

of 2.03, implying that the pandemic will persist in the human population in the absence of strong control measures. Results after simulating various scenarios indicate that disregarding social distancing and hygiene measures can have devastating effects on the human population. The model shows that quarantine of contacts and isolation of cases can help halt the spread on novel coronavirus.
Context pre-modeling: an empirical analysis for classification based user-centric context-aware predictive modeling
Authors: Sarker Iqbal H. , Alqahtani Hamed , Alsolami Fawaz , Khan Asif Irshad , Abushark Yoosef B. , Siddiqui Mohammad Khubeb 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNowadays, machine learning classification techniques have been successfully used while building data-driven intelligent predictive systems in various application areas including smartphone apps. For an effective context-aware system, context pre-modeling is considered as a key issue and task, as the representation of contextual data directly influences the predictive models. This paper mainly explores the role of major context pre-modeling tasks, such as context vectorization by defining a good numerical measure through transformation and normalization, context generation and extraction by creating new brand principal components, context selection by taking into account a subset of original contexts according to their correlations, and eventually context evaluation, to build effective context-aware predictive models utilizing multi-dimensional contextual data. For creating models, various popular machine learning classification techniques such as decision tree, random forest, k-nearest neighbor, support vector machines, naive Bayes classifier, and deep learning by constructing a neural network of multiple hidden layers, are used in our study. Based on the context pre-modeling tasks and classification methods, we experimentally analyze user-centric smartphone usage behavioral activities utilizing their contextual datasets. The effectiveness of these machine learning context-aware models is examined by considering prediction accuracy, in terms of precision, recall, f-score, and ROC values, and has been made an empirical discussion in various dimensions within the scope of our study.
Examining the role of spatial skills and mathematics motivation on middle school mathematics achievement
Authors: Atit Kinnari , Power Jason R. , Veurink Norma , Uttal David H. , Sorby Sheryl , Panther Grace , Msall Camille , Fiorella Logan , Carr Martha 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundSpatial skills and mathematical ability have been repeatedly identified as critical for achievement in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). Previous studies have identified correlations between spatial skills and mathematical achievement; however, questions remain regarding improvements in non-spatial areas associated with STEM achievement. The current study examined whether competency in spatial skills could be related to individuals’ motivation for mathematics. Measures of spatial skills and mathematics motivation were completed by 1056 seventh grade students.ResultsUsing hierarchical linear modeling, spatial skills and math motivation were examined relative to students’ performance on a state standardized mathematics subtest. Results indicate that spatial skills and motivation interact to significantly predict students’ mathematics performance.ConclusionsThese results suggest that spatial skills in combination with motivation play a significant role in middle school students’ mathematics achievement.
Sutureless technique using the left atrial appendage for left pulmonary vein occlusion after catheter ablation
Authors: Wakabayashi Naohiro , Hirofuji Aina , Ishikawa Natsuya , Kamiya Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary vein stenosis or occlusion is a rare but one of the most devastating complications after catheter ablation for cardiac arrhythmias, and surgical repair is an option in severe cases. The sutureless technique, which avoids direct suture of vessel walls, was initially described for congenital pulmonary vein stenosis and has been widely performed due to its good restenosis-free rate.

Case presentation
A 52-year-old male developed left pulmonary vein occlusion after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. The surgical repair with sutureless technique using the left atrial appendage was performed without any complications. Postoperative computed tomography demonstrated the revascularization of the pulmonary vein.

Conclusions
The sutureless technique using the left atrial appendage is significantly reasonable particularly in case of left pulmonary vein stenosis or occlusion after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation since it reduces the risks of restenosis and thromboembolism.
Prediction of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity by early detection of subclinical right ventricular dysfunction
Authors: Planek Maria Isabel Camara , Manshad Ahmad , Hein Kyaw , Hemu Mohamad , Ballout Fatima , Varandani Rajiv , Venugopal Parameswaran , Okwuosa Tochukwu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Doxorubicin remains one of the most common causes of cardiotoxicity in patients with lymphoma, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Early decline in left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction predicts chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and mortality, but limited data exist on doxorubicin-induced subclinical right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. We investigated dose-dependent subclinical doxorubicin-induced RV dysfunction in lymphoma patients.

Methods
Thirty-five patients with adult lymphoma treated with doxorubicin were studied. All patients had normal baseline LV ejection fraction (LVEF > 55%), and no known cardiopulmonary disease. We studied the dose-dependent effect of doxorubicin on RV strain by 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) using a vendor-independent software (TomTec). Images were analyzed offline by two independent observers blinded to the clinical characteristics of the study population. Baseline LVEF, RV fractional area change (RV FAC), RV free wall strain (RV FWS), and RV global longitudinal strain (RV GLS) were measured prior to chemotherapy initiation and compared with echo studies obtained at a 6-month follow-up interval. Patients served as their own controls. Comparisons between pre- and post-therapy were achieved using paired Student’s t-tests or Chi-Square test.

Results
The Interobserver Intraclass Correlation Coefficient for RV GLS, RV FAC and RV FWS, was 0.87, 0.81 and 0.79, respectively. The mean age was 51 ± 13 years, 40% women, 60% white. The mean cumulative doxorubicin dose was 239 ± 104 mg m− 2. There was there was significant decline in RV FAC (47.3 ± 4.4% vs. 43.7 ± 3.9%), RV FWS (− 24.9 ± 3.3 vs. -22.2 ± 2.9), and RV GLS (− 22.4 ± 4.1 vs. -20.6 ± 3.4) (all p < 0.01); but no significant decline in LVEF during the 6-month follow up (63.3 ± 6.2% vs. 61.6 ± 11.1%, p = 0.374). At cumulative doxorubicin dose ≥200 mg m− 2 we found a significant decline in RV FAC (47.0 ± 4.7% vs. 42.2 ± 3.1%, p < 0.01), RV FWS (− 24.6 ± 3.6 vs. -21.5 ± 2.4, p < 0.01), and RV GLS (− 22.3 ± 4.5 vs. -20.1 ± 2.9, p = 0.03).

Conclusion
In this cohort of adult lymphoma patients, doxorubicin-based therapy was associated with subclinical RV dysfunction, but not LV dysfunction, at a cumulative dose ≥200 mg m− 2. Additional studies evaluating the long-term prognostic implications of RV dysfunction in this population are essential.
Identification of MMP1 as a potential gene conferring erlotinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer based on bioinformatics analyses
Authors: Zhou Huyue , Xiang Qiumei , Hu Changpeng , Zhang Jing , Zhang Qian , Zhang Rong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the major type of lung cancer with high morbidity and poor prognosis. Erlotinib, an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), has been clinically applied for NSCLC treatment. Nevertheless, the erlotinib acquired resistance of NSCLC occurs inevitably in recent years.

Methods
Through analyzing two microarray datasets, erlotinib resistant NSCLC cells microarray (GSE80344) and NSCLC tissue microarray (GSE19188), the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened via R language. DEGs were then functionally annotated by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, which up-regulated more than 2-folds in both datasets were further functionally analyzed by Oncomine, GeneMANIA, R2, Coremine, and FunRich.

Results
We found that matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) may confer the erlotinib therapeutic resistance in NSCLC. MMP1 highly expressed in erlotinib-resistant cells and NSCLC tissues, and it associated with poor overall survival. In addition, MMP1 may be associated with COPS5 and be involve in an increasing transcription factors HOXA9 and PBX1 in erlotinib resistance.

Conclusions
Generally, these results demonstrated that MMP1 may play a crucial role in erlotinib resistance in NSCLC, and MMP1 could be a prognostic biomarker for erlotinib treatment.
Quantifying professionalism in peer review
Authors: Gerwing Travis G. , Allen Gerwing Alyssa M. , Avery-Gomm Stephanie , Choi Chi-Yeung , Clements Jeff C. , Rash Joshua A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The process of peer-review in academia has attracted criticism surrounding issues of bias, fairness, and professionalism; however, frequency of occurrence of such comments is unknown.

Methods
We evaluated 1491 sets of reviewer comments from the fields of “Ecology and Evolution” and “Behavioural Medicine,” of which 920 were retrieved from the online review repository Publons and 571 were obtained from six early career investigators. Comment sets were coded for the occurrence of “unprofessional comments” and “incomplete, inaccurate or unsubstantiated critiques” using an a-prior rubric based on our published research. Results are presented as absolute numbers and percentages.

Results
Overall, 12% (179) of comment sets included at least one unprofessional comment towards the author or their work, and 41% (611) contained incomplete, inaccurate of unsubstantiated critiques (IIUC).

Conclusions
The large number of unprofessional comments, and IIUCs observed could heighten psychological distress among investigators, particularly those at an early stage in their career. We suggest that development and adherence to a universally agreed upon reviewer code of conduct is necessary to improve the quality and professional experience of peer review.
Preclinical models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma for a basic understanding of cancer biology and its translation into efficient therapies
Authors: Tinhofer Ingeborg , Braunholz Diana , Klinghammer Konrad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractComprehensive molecular characterization of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has led to the identification of distinct molecular subgroups with fundamental differences in biological properties and clinical behavior. Despite improvements in tumor classification and increased understanding about the signaling pathways involved in neoplastic transformation and disease progression, current standard-of-care treatment for HNSCC mostly remains to be based on a stage-dependent strategy whereby all patients at the same stage receive the same treatment. Preclinical models that closely resemble molecular HNSCC subgroups that can be exploited for dissecting the biological function of genetic variants and/or altered gene expression will be highly valuable for translating molecular findings into improved clinical care. In the present review, we merge and discuss existing and new information on established cell lines, primary two- and three-dimensional ex vivo tumor cultures from HNSCC patients, and animal models. We review their value in elucidating the basic biology of HNSCC, molecular mechanisms of treatment resistance and their potential for the development of novel molecularly stratified treatment.
The diagnostic value of PET/CT imaging with the 68Ga-labeled PSMA-ligand in the follow up assessment of prostate cancer after therapy
Authors: Hassan Talaat Ahmed Abd El Hameed , Elazab Mohammed Samy 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study is to investigate the role of PET/CT imaging with the 68Ga-labeled PSMA-ligand in the follow up assessment of post-operative and post-therapeutic cases of prostate cancer. All data were collected and analyzed retrospectively, enrolling 30 patients (their age range from 53 to 80 years with a mean age 67.8). The patients had been referred to a private imaging center for their assessment by 68Ga-labeled PSMA-ligand PET/CT.

Results
By 68Ga-labeled PSMA-ligand PET/CT, prostatic recurrent/residual neoplastic lesion was depicted in 23 (76.6%) patients, nodal metastases was present in 7 (23.3%) patients, and distant metastasis was present in 11 (36.6%) patients. The clinical and/or PSA level and/or radiological follow-up and/or the histopathological assessment for the patients served as a reference in the present study.The 68Ga-labeled PSMA-ligand PET/CT had sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and an overall accuracy (96.5%, 100%, 100%, 50%, and 96.6%) respectively.

Conclusion
68Ga-labeled PSMA-ligand PET/CT is a very helpful tool for detection of prostatic cancer residual/recurrent lesions and restaging which can help in performing treatment plans and improve the clinical outcome and survival of the patients.