bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Fetal and Neonatal Hypothyroidism on Glucose Tolerance in Middle- Aged Female Rats
Authors: Jeddi Sajad , Khalifi Saeedeh , Ghanbari Mahboubeh , Ghasemi Asghar 
Published: November 2020

Background and Objective:
The effects of hypothyroidism during pregnancy and lactation
on carbohydrate metabolism have been mostly studied in male animals. The aim of this study
is, therefore, to investigate the effect of fetal and neonatal hypothyroidism (FH and NH) on glucose
tolerance in middle-aged female rat offsprings.

Methods:
Pregnant female rats were divided into three groups: Rats in the control group consumed
tap water, while those in the FH and NH groups consumed 250 mg/L of 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)
in their drinking water during gestation or lactation periods, respectively. After weaning, the
female offspring were separated and divided into 3 groups (n=8/group): Control, FH, and NH.
Bodyweight was recorded monthly and an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed
at month 12.

Results:
Compared to controls, female rats in the FH group had significantly higher plasma glucose
levels than controls throughout the IVGTT except at min 60. Values at min 5 of the FH and
control group were 196.1±1.9 and 155.3±5.9 mg/dL, respectively (P<0.05). In the NH group, plasma
glucose levels were significantly higher only at min 5 (185.7±14.1 vs. 155.3±5.9 mg/dL,
P<0.05).

Conclusion:
Hypothyroidism during fetal or neonatal periods caused glucose intolerance in middle-
aged female offspring rats.
Mobile App (UPrEPU) to Monitor Adherence to Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in Men Who Have Sex With Men: Protocol for a User-Centered Approach to Mobile App Design and Development
Authors: Strong Carol , Wu Huei-Jiuan , Tseng Yuan-Chi , Yuan Chien-Wen , Yu Yi-Fang , Liao Jay Chiehen , Chen Yi-Wen , Hung Yi-Chen , Li Chia-Wen , Huang Po-Hsien , Ko Nai-Ying , Ku Stephane Wen-Wei 
Published: November 2020

Background
Daily and on-demand pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been well demonstrated to effectively prevent HIV acquisition for men who have sex with men (MSM). More than half of the MSM PrEP users in Taiwan prefer on-demand PrEP; however, on-demand PrEP involves a complicated dosing regimen because it requires precoital and postcoital dosing and sex events are hard to anticipate. Although there are a growing number of mobile apps designed to improve access to HIV prevention services and HIV medication adherence, few mobile apps focus on adherence to PrEP or are designed to accommodate a complicated, on-demand PrEP dosing schedule.

Objective
The aim of this project is to evaluate the usability of a newly developed mobile app (UPrEPU) to assist MSM PrEP users to self-monitor their adherence to either daily or on-demand PrEP using a user-centered scheme.

Methods
This research will be conducted in 2 phases: app development and usability study. In the app development phase, we will first conduct formative research with end users and stakeholders through in-depth interviews; the results will provide PrEP users’ and PrEP navigators’ personas as material used in the app conceptualization stage. PrEP navigators are individuals in the health care system that help HIV-negative individuals who need assistance in accessing PrEP care. A low-fidelity prototype of the app feature will be formatted by applying a participatory design approach to engage PrEP users, designers, and app developers in the design process of the app. Then, a high-fidelity prototype of the app will be developed for the usability study and refined iteratively by the multidisciplinary team and new internal testers. Internal testers include the research team consisting of experts in public health, infectious disease, and industrial design and a close network of the research team that is taking PrEP. In the usability study phase, we will enroll 70 MSM PrEP users and follow them up for 4 months. Usability, feasibility, and effectiveness of adherence monitoring will be evaluated.

Results
Refinement of the UPrEPU app is currently ongoing. The usability study commenced in May 2020.

Conclusions
The UPrEPU app is one of the first apps designed to help MSM PrEP users to self-manage their PrEP schedule better regardless of dosing modes. With a design-thinking approach and adapting to the cultural context in Taiwan’s MSM population, this novel app will have substantial potential to be acceptable and feasible and contribute to the reduction of new HIV infections.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04248790; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04248790

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/20360
Model-Based Reasoning of Clinical Diagnosis in Integrative Medicine: Real-World Methodological Study of Electronic Medical Records and Natural Language Processing Methods
Authors: Geng Wenye , Qin Xuanfeng , Yang Tao , Cong Zhilei , Wang Zhuo , Kong Qing , Tang Zihui , Jiang Lin 
Published: November 2020

Background
Integrative medicine is a form of medicine that combines practices and treatments from alternative medicine with conventional medicine. The diagnosis in integrative medicine involves the clinical diagnosis based on modern medicine and syndrome pattern diagnosis. Electronic medical records (EMRs) are the systematized collection of patients health information stored in a digital format that can be shared across different health care settings. Although syndrome and sign information or relative information can be extracted from the EMR and content texts can be mapped to computability vectors using natural language processing techniques, application of artificial intelligence techniques to support physicians in medical practices remains a major challenge.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate model-based reasoning (MBR) algorithms for the clinical diagnosis in integrative medicine based on EMRs and natural language processing. We also estimated the associations among the factors of sample size, number of syndrome pattern type, and diagnosis in modern medicine using the MBR algorithms.

Methods
A total of 14,075 medical records of clinical cases were extracted from the EMRs as the development data set, and an external test data set consisting of 1000 medical records of clinical cases was extracted from independent EMRs. MBR methods based on word embedding, machine learning, and deep learning algorithms were developed for the automatic diagnosis of syndrome pattern in integrative medicine. MBR algorithms combining rule-based reasoning (RBR) were also developed. A standard evaluation metrics consisting of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score was used for the performance estimation of the methods. The association analyses were conducted on the sample size, number of syndrome pattern type, and diagnosis of lung diseases with the best algorithms.

Results
The Word2Vec convolutional neural network (CNN) MBR algorithms showed high performance (accuracy of 0.9586 in the test data set) in the syndrome pattern diagnosis of lung diseases. The Word2Vec CNN MBR combined with RBR also showed high performance (accuracy of 0.9229 in the test data set). The diagnosis of lung diseases could enhance the performance of the Word2Vec CNN MBR algorithms. Each group sample size and syndrome pattern type affected the performance of these algorithms.

Conclusions
The MBR methods based on Word2Vec and CNN showed high performance in the syndrome pattern diagnosis of lung diseases in integrative medicine. The parameters of each group’s sample size, syndrome pattern type, and diagnosis of lung diseases were associated with the performance of the methods.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03274908; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03274908
Exploring Interactive Survivorship Care Plans to Support Breast Cancer Survivors: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kapoor Akshat , Nambisan Priya 
Published: November 2020

Background
Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer among American women, accounting for 23% of all cancer survivors nationally. Yet, the availability of adequate resources and tools for supporting breast cancer survivors has not kept up with the rapid advancement in treatment options, resulting in unmet supportive care needs, particularly among low-income and minority populations. This study explores an alternative means of delivering breast cancer survivorship care plans (SCPs), with the aim of improving survivor morbidity, patient knowledge, and self-management of treatment-related symptoms, as well as addressing inconsistencies in follow-up care visits.

Objective
The overall goal of this study is to improve the uptake of SCP recommendations via an educational intervention for breast cancer survivors, to improve treatment-related morbidity, patient knowledge, self-management, and adherence to follow-up visits. The specific aims of the study are to (1) evaluate the feasibility of the online SCP, and (2) assess the impact of the online SCP on survivorship outcomes.

Methods
We will enroll 50 breast cancer survivors who have completed initial breast cancer treatment into a 2-armed, randomized, waitlist-controlled pilot trial, and collect data at baseline and 6 months. For the first aim, we will use mixed methods, including surveys and personal interviews among the intervention group, to determine the feasibility of providing an online, interactive SCP (called ACESO) based on the survivors’ online user experience and their short-term adoption. For the secondary aim, we will compare the 2 groups to assess the primary outcomes of survivor knowledge, self-efficacy for self-management, perceived peer support, and adherence to SCP-recommended posttreatment follow-up visits to oncology and primary care; and the secondary outcomes of treatment-related morbidity (body weight, fatigue, depression, anxiety, sexual function, distress, and sleep quality). We assess these outcomes by using measurements from validated instruments with robust psychometric properties.

Results
We have developed and refined the online breast cancer survivorship plan, ACESO, with consultation from breast cancer oncologists, nurses, and survivors. Approval for the study protocol has been obtained from the Institutional Review Board. An advisory board has also been established to provide oversight and recommendations on the conduct of the study. The study will be completed over a period of 2 years.

Conclusions
The results of this pilot study will inform the feasibility and design of a larger-scale pragmatic trial to evaluate the impact of an online breast cancer SCP on treatment-related morbidity and self-efficacy for self-management.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/23414
Tweets by People With Arthritis During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Content and Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Berkovic Danielle , Ackerman Ilana N , Briggs Andrew M , Ayton Darshini 
Published: November 2020

Background
Emerging evidence suggests that people with arthritis are reporting increased physical pain and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, Twitter’s daily usage has surged by 23% throughout the pandemic period, presenting a unique opportunity to assess the content and sentiment of tweets. Individuals with arthritis use Twitter to communicate with peers, and to receive up-to-date information from health professionals and services about novel therapies and management techniques.

Objective
The aim of this research was to identify proxy topics of importance for individuals with arthritis during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to explore the emotional context of tweets by people with arthritis during the early phase of the pandemic.

Methods
From March 20 to April 20, 2020, publicly available tweets posted in English and with hashtag combinations related to arthritis and COVID-19 were extracted retrospectively from Twitter. Content analysis was used to identify common themes within tweets, and sentiment analysis was used to examine positive and negative emotions in themes to understand the COVID-19 experiences of people with arthritis.

Results
In total, 149 tweets were analyzed. The majority of tweeters were female and were from the United States. Tweeters reported a range of arthritis conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and psoriatic arthritis. Seven themes were identified: health care experiences, personal stories, links to relevant blogs, discussion of arthritis-related symptoms, advice sharing, messages of positivity, and stay-at-home messaging. Sentiment analysis demonstrated marked anxiety around medication shortages, increased physical symptom burden, and strong desire for trustworthy information and emotional connection.

Conclusions
Tweets by people with arthritis highlight the multitude of concurrent concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding these concerns, which include heightened physical and psychological symptoms in the context of treatment misinformation, may assist clinicians to provide person-centered care during this time of great health uncertainty.
Patient Satisfaction and Trust in Telemedicine during the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Orrange Sharon Elizabeth , Mack Wendy Jean , Cassetta Julia Ann , Patel Arpna S 
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Background: Los Angeles County is a hub for COVID-19 cases in the United States. Academic health centers rapidly deployed and leveraged telemedicine to permit uninterrupted care of patients. Telemedicine enjoys high patient satisfaction, yet little is known about the level of satisfaction during a crisis and to what extent patient or visit-related factors and trust play when in-person visits are eliminated.

OBJECTIVE

Objective: To examine correlates of patients’ satisfaction with a telemedicine visit.

METHODS

Methods: In this retrospective observational study conducted in our single-institution, urban, academic medical center in Los Angeles, internal medicine patients aged 18 years and above who completed a telemedicine visit between March 10th and April 17th, 2020 were invited for a survey (n=1624). Measures included patient-related factors, degree of interpersonal trust in patient-physician relationships using the ”Trust in Physician Scale,” and visit-related concerns. Statistical analysis used descriptive statistics, Spearman rank-order correlation, and linear and ordinal logistic regression.

RESULTS

Results: Of 1,624 telemedicine visits conducted during this period, 368 (22.7%) patients participated in the survey. Across the study, respondents were very satisfied (47.4%) or satisfied (35.3%) with their telemedicine visit. Higher physician trust was associated with higher patient satisfaction (Spearman correlation r=0.51, P<.0001). Visit-related factors with significant correlation with trust in physician score were technical issues with the telemedicine visit (r=-0.16), concerns about privacy (r=-0.19), concerns about cost (r=-0.23), satisfaction with telemedicine convenience (r=0.41), and amount of time spent (r=0.47) (all P<0.01). Visit-related factors associated with patients’ satisfaction included fewer technical issues (P<0.01), less concern about privacy (P<0.01) or cost (P=0.02), and successful face to face video (P<0.01). The only patient variable with a significant positive association was income and level of trust in physician (r=0.18, P<.01). Younger age was associated with higher satisfaction with the telemedicine visit (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions: There have been calls for redesigning primary care after the COVID-19 pandemic and for the widespread adoption of telemedicine. Patients’ satisfaction with telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic is high Their satisfaction is shaped by the degree of trust in physician and visit-related factors more so than patient factors. This has widespread implications for outpatient practices and further research into visit-related factors and the patient-provider connection over telemedicine is needed.

CLINICALTRIAL
La herencia apocalíptica en fray Toribio de Benavente, “Motolinía”
Authors: Rodríguez Sandoval Gabriela 
Published: November 2020

<p>En la historiografía existe un debate sobre la posible influencia del joaquinismo y del milenarismo en los franciscanos que llegaron a América en el siglo XVI. Este artículo muestra otra vía para explicar sus inquietudes apocalípticas. En el Occidente cristiano persistió el anhelo de volver a encontrar el paraíso perdido antes del fin del mundo, y los esfuerzos se orientaron en proponer alternativas mesiánicas. Una de ellas fue el milenio del Apocalipsis de san Juan, pero al ser censurado surgieron diversas profecías que, de igual forma, referían un periodo de felicidad antes del fin, como la del emperador de los últimos días, la tercera época guiada por unos hombres espirituales de Joaquín de Fiore, etcétera. Desde el siglo XIII hasta el XVI, especialmente con Motolinía, el discurso franciscano utilizó estas profecías para explicar el devenir histórico y su propia historia.</p>
Perbandingan Kemampuan Motorik Dasar Siswa pada Tahun Pertama di SD Unggulan dan Biasa
Authors: Kasriman Kasriman 
Published: November 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan kemampuan motorik siswa kelas I antara siswa Sekolah Dasar Biasa dan Unggulan di Kecamatan Pasar Rebo Jakarta Timur. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas I Sekolah Dasar Negeri Susukan 06 pagi adalah 34 anak, dan jumlah siswa kelas I Sekolah Dasar Negeri Cijantung 03 adalah 35 siswa. Setelah dilakukan pengambilan sampel melalui teknik purposive sampling diperoleh jumlah 60 siswa, masing-masing 30 siswa dari Sekolah Dasar Negeri Susukan 06 pagi dan 30 siswa dari Sekolah Dasar Negeri Cijantung 03, jumlah sampel 60 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengukur kemampuan dasar motorik siswa adalah tes kemampuan motorik untuk anak Sekolah Dasar kelas 1 – 3 yaitu: 1) Menangkap penggaris/tongkat, 2) Berdiri dengan satu kaki, 3) Menolak bola, 4) Mendribel bola, 5) Memukul bola yang dijatuhkan, 6) Memindahkan kelereng, 7) Menendang bola, 8) Lempar tangkap bola, 9) Lari zig zag, 10) Tiarap berdiri, 11) Lompat jauh tanpa awalan, 12) Mencium lutut, 13) Aktivitas fisik relatif lama (15-20 menit). Data penelitian yang telah dikumpulkan melalui instrumen kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji persamaan rata-rata (uji t). Hasil perhitungan pengujian hipotesis dengan uji-t didapatkan thitung = 3,378 pada a = 0,05 dengan n = 30, sedangkan ttabel = 2,045. Hal ini berarti terdapat perbedaan kemampuan motorik siswa kelas I antara siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri Susukan 06 Pagi dengan siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri Cijantung 03 di Kecamatan Pasar Rebo Jakarta Timur. Dengan kata lain, bahwa kemampuan motorik siswa yang bersekolah di sekolah biasa lebih tinggi daripada yang unggulan.
Crise mimética e vítima sacrificial. Contribuição de René Girard para as teorias da religião
Authors: Pieper Frederico 
Published: November 2020

A relação entre religião e violência, apesar de há muito discutida, tende a se reificar em duas posições extremas. De um lado, compreende-se que a religião, não obstante algumas atitudes violentas, tem como núcleo central um discurso e uma prática de paz. No outro extremo, há a associação muita rápida entre religião e violência, como se os termos fossem sinônimos. Tendo em vista a complexificação desse quadro, o presente artigo busca explorar as contribuições de René Girard, mostrando como ele se situa para além dessa polaridade, ao reconfigurar o lugar da violência no interior da religião. Para ele, de um lado, a violência é a alma e o coração da religião. Por outro lado, a religião visa à paz. Para entender essa aparente ambiguidade, o artigo explora as noções de desejo mimético e de vítima sacrificial. O artigo aponta como em Girard o desejo mimético conduz à exacerbação da violência e ao conflito. Para solucionar essa violência maior, recorrese à vítima sacrificial, cuja função é recriar, sob outras bases, a coesão social. Portanto a violência intrínseca à religião serve como meio para reestabelecer o convívio social. Com isso, o artigo procura indicar em que medida Girard assume a violência intrínseca à religião, ao mesmo tempo em que indica como ela pode conduzir à paz. Ao articular dessa maneira violência e paz, percebe-se como ele foge a posturas que negam uma ou outra face da religião, mas busca articular ambas.
Cristianismo e violência. Contribuições teológicas a partir de René Girard
Authors: Sbardella Ellton Luis , Peretti Clélia 
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo discute três tópicos específicos do pensamento de René Girard, a saber: teoria mimética e desejo; Sagrada Escritura e as vítimas da violência; vocação cristã e denúncia da violência. Para isso, definimos como objeto de investigação Cristianismo e violência, a partir da teoria sobre o mecanismo da vítima expiatória, proposta nos livros Mentira Romântica e Verdade Romanesca, e também A Violência e o Sagrado, desenvolvida nos livros Coisas ocultas desde a Fundação do Mundo e Eu via Satanás caindo como um relâmpago. A metodologia consistiu no exame das obras, a fim de identificar questões centrais, definição e articulação dos conceitos propostos, a hipótese, sua demonstração e as críticas tecidas pelo autor. Girard apreende a violência humana como elemento desagregador da vida em sociedade, a qual exige mecanismos de controle inseridos no âmbito do sagrado e da religião. A teoria desse autor oferece uma contribuição para o debate pós-secular sobre a religião. Ele inaugura novas discussões entre a teologia e as ciências sociais e humanas, dando uma nova clareza às questões referentes ao embasamento antropológico da teologia. Propõe uma abordagem nova à doutrina da expiação e oferece interpretações signifi cativas de textos bíblicos centrais. Considera a Bíblia peculiar, no tocante ao tratamento das vítimas da violência, pois se diferencia das narrativas míticas. Nas Escrituras, a violência e o sacrifício não são absolutos, e não vêm de Deus; os seres humanos atribuem a Ele. A vocação cristã é a preocupação com as vítimas das violências e a defesa delas, assim como Jesus fez.
HOW TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP INTENSIFY EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE MEDIATING BY JOB SATISFACTION
Authors: Kawiana IGede Putu , Riana I Gede , Rihayana I Gede , Adi I Nyoman Rasmen 
Published: November 2020

These studies aimed to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership on job satisfaction and employee performance. The study adopted a quantitative paradigm with a population of employees at the Investigation Department, Immigration Office in Bali, Indonesia. The questionnaire was spread to 253 employees on intervals time three weeks by the number was responding are 115 employees. The results revealed that transformational leadership has a significant effect on job satisfactionhowever, no significant impact on employee performance. Job satisfaction has a significant impact on employee performance. Moreover, this research found that job satisfaction played an essential role as a mediating between transformational leadership on employee performance. The implications of the study represent job satisfaction as a critical role and will be discussed. Whereas, the practical implications concern the importance of administering equity in the transformational leadership values to enhance employee performance.