bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and safety of a fully percutaneous transcatheter aortic valve replacement program
Authors: Costa Giulia , Bieliauskas Gintautas , Fukutomi Motoki , Ihlemann Nikolaj , Søndergaard Lars , De Backer Ole 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOBJECTIVESThis study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of conducting an entire transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) program by using percutaneous techniques only.BACKGROUNDSurgically assisted transthoracic TAVR has been reported to be associated with more complications and longer hospital stays.METHODSDuring 2019, all TAVR at a single center were performed by standard transfemoral (TF), intravascular lithotripsy‐assisted TF, transaxillary (TAx), or transcaval approach using percutaneous techniques only. No patients were denied TAVR because of access. Procedural and clinical endpoints were categorized using Valve Academic Research Consortium‐2 criteria.RESULTSIn total, 306 consecutive TAVR patients were enrolled (mean age 78.9 ± 7.2 years). Most patients were treated by TF approach (94.8%)—of these, nine (2.9%) were pre‐treated with intravascular lithotripsy. A percutaneous TAx and transcaval approach were used in 12 (3.9%) and four patients (1.3%), respectively. There were no procedural deaths and one peri‐procedural stroke. Valve performance was satisfying in 298 patients (97.4%); six patients had a moderate aortic regurgitation and two patients had a mean gradient ≥20 mmHg following valve‐in‐valve procedure. The 30‐day major vascular complication and major bleeding rate was 2.3% and 3.9%, respectively. A new permanent pacemaker was implanted in 41 patients (13.4%). Of all patients, 81% were discharged within two days post‐TAVR, including 11 out of 12 TAx patients and all transcaval cases.CONCLUSIONSA fully percutaneous TAVR program is feasible and safe with favorable immediate and early clinical outcomes and allowing a short hospital stay.
Cooperative Catalysis of Copper, Silver, and Brønsted Acid for Three‐Component Carboamination of Arylalkenes with Allylic Alcohols and Nitriles
Authors: Ahmed Waqar , Zhang Sheng , Feng Xiujuan , Yu Xiaoqiang , Yamamoto Yoshinori , Bao Ming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe cooperative catalysis of copper, silver, and Brønsted acid is presented as a new strategy for the intermolecular carboamination of arylalkenes. The catalytic regio‐ and chemoselective intermolecular carboamination of arylalkenes with allylic alcohols and nitriles provided a straightforward and efficient approach for preparing N‐acyl 4,5‐unsaturated amines. These amines can be used as synthetic organic synthons for the preparation of nitrogen‐containing five‐ and six‐membered heterocycles. During the functionalization reaction, synthetically useful functional groups, such as Cl, Br, and chloromethyl, remained intact.
Effect of pore former (saw dust) characteristics on the properties of sub‐micron range low‐cost ceramic membranes
Authors: Chakraborty Sushma , Uppaluri Ramagopal , Das Chandan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article addresses the effect of pore former (saw dust) characteristics on the properties (pore size and porosity) of low‐cost ceramic membranes. Two approaches were considered to reduce the average membrane pore size. Firstly, the variation was observed by varying saw dust concentration in the overall membrane mixture and lowest achievable pore size was noted. Secondly, further reduction in the pore size was achieved by reducing the saw dust average particle size. Dead‐end filtration mode was utilized for the determination of pore size, and porosity was determined using Archimedes' principle. Permeabilities of the membranes were also calculated. The pore size and porosities of the membranes significantly reduced with variation in the saw dust characteristics. Mathematically, the relationship between variations in average pore size and porosity with saw dust average particle size and concentration variation fits well with the predicted empirical model.
Azatruxene‐Based, Dumbbell‐Shaped, Donor–π‐Bridge–Donor Hole‐Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Illicachi Luis A. , Urieta‐Mora Javier , Calbo Joaquín , Aragó Juan , Igci Cansu , García‐Benito Inés , Momblona Cristina , Insuasty Braulio , Ortiz Alejandro , Roldán‐Carmona Cristina , Molina‐Ontoria Agustín , Ortí Enrique , Martín Nazario , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThree novel donor–π‐bridge–donor (D‐π‐D) hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) featuring triazatruxene electron‐donating units bridged by different 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) π‐conjugated linkers have been synthesized, characterized, and implemented in mesoporous perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The optoelectronic properties of the new dumbbell‐shaped derivatives (DTTXs) are highly influenced by the chemical structure of the EDOT‐based linker. Red‐shifted absorption and emission and a stronger donor ability were observed in passing from DTTX‐1 to DTTX‐2 due to the extended π‐conjugation. DTTX‐3 featured an intramolecular charge transfer between the external triazatruxene units and the azomethine–EDOT central scaffold, resulting in a more pronounced redshift. The three new derivatives have been tested in combination with the state‐of‐the‐art triple‐cation perovskite [(FAPbI3)0.87(MAPbBr3)0.13]0.92[CsPbI3]0.08 in standard mesoporous PSCs. Remarkable power conversion efficiencies of 17.48 % and 18.30 % were measured for DTTX‐1 and DTTX‐2, respectively, close to that measured for the benchmarking HTM spiro‐OMeTAD (18.92 %), under 100 mA cm−2 AM 1.5G solar illumination. PSCs with DTTX‐3 reached a PCE value of 12.68 %, which is attributed to the poorer film formation in comparison to DTTX‐1 and DTTX‐2. These PCE values are in perfect agreement with the conductivity and hole mobility values determined for the new compounds and spiro‐OMeTAD. Steady‐state photoluminescence further confirmed the potential of DTTX‐1 and DTTX‐2 for hole‐transport applications as an alternative to spiro‐OMeTAD.
Dinuclear Complexes of Flexidentate Pyridine‐Substituted Formazanate Ligands
Authors: Mu Ge , Jiang Chenggang , Teets Thomas S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe utility of flexidentate pyridyl‐substituted formazanate ligands for assembling dinuclear coordination complexes with iridium(III) and/or platinum(II) building blocks is demonstrated herein. The dinuclear complexes are prepared either via a stepwise strategy, adding one metal unit at a time, or via one‐pot self‐assembly. Eight of the new complexes, including both mononuclear precursors and dinuclear products, are structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopy, revealing several distinct binding modes of the formazanates. All complexes are characterized by UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The frontier orbitals are primarily localized on the formazanate ligand, and a characteristic, intense formazanate‐centered π→π* absorption band is observed in the absorption spectra.
Meet the Cerium(IV) Phosphate Sisters: CeIV(OH)PO4 and CeIV2O(PO4)2
Authors: Kozlova Taisiya O. , Mironov Andrey V. , Istomin Sergey Y. , Birichevskaya Karina V. , Gippius Andrey A. , Zhurenko Sergey V. , Shatalova Tatyana B. , Baranchikov Alexander E. , Ivanov Vladimir K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTwo new cerium(IV) phosphates were obtained: cerium(IV) hydroxidophosphate, Ce(OH)PO4, and cerium(IV) oxidophosphate, Ce2O(PO4)2, which were shown to complement the classes of isostructural compounds M(OH)PO4 and R2O(PO4)2, where M=Th, U and R=Th, U, Np, Zr. Ce2O(PO4)2 oxidophosphate is formed by elimination of H2O from the crystal structure of Ce(OH)PO4 during its thermal decomposition. The structures of Ce(OH)PO4 and Ce2O(PO4)2 are related to each other with the same Cmce space group and similar unit cell parameters (a=6.9691(3) Å, b=9.0655(4) Å, c=12.2214(4) Å, V=772.13(8) Å3, Z=8; a=7.0220(4) Å, b=8.9894(5) Å, c=12.544(1) Å, V=791.8(1) Å3, Z=4, respectively).
Single Cu Atoms as Catalysts for Efficient Hydrazine Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Zhang Chaoxiong , Yuan Wenjuan , Wang Qian , Peng Xianyun , Liu Xijun , Luo Jun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe development of cost‐effective electrocatalysts is vital for promoting the practical application of hydrazine as a viable energy carrier. However, the catalytic performance of the single‐atom Cu catalyst has not been evaluated with regard to the hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR). Herein, single Cu atoms anchored on the surface of the P‐doped C3N4 substrate (Cu−SA/PCN) have been synthesized using a simple method that involved pyrolysis and phosphorization. The as‐obtained Cu−SA/PCN catalyst is observed to demonstrate a suitable efficiency for the electrocatalytic hydrazine oxidation at the anode in an alkaline aqueous solution. Remarkably, the catalyst exhibits an excellent electrolytic activity and strong durability for 30 h. Further, it displays a current density of 100 mA cm−2 at a low applied potential of 0.336 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode. Therefore, this study provides a strategy to manufacture single atom catalysts for an efficient HzOR in alkaline media.
The search‐based scheduling algorithm HP* for parallel tasks on heterogeneous platforms
Authors: Dietze Robert , Rünger Gudula 
Published: July 2020

SummaryScheduling is a widely used method in parallel computing, which assigns tasks to compute resources of a parallel environments. In this article, we consider independent parallel tasks to be scheduled onto a heterogeneous execution platform consisting of a set of multicores of different architecture. Each parallel task has an internal potential parallelism which allows a parallel execution on any multicore processors. However, the execution time may differ due a different computation speed of different multicores. In this article, we propose a new search‐based scheduling algorithm Heterogeneous Parallel task scheduling based on A* (called HP*) to solve the problem of scheduling independent parallel tasks onto heterogeneous multicore platforms. Specifically, we propose a heuristic cost function needed for an informed search. Also, three pruning techniques are proposed, which are shown to significantly reduce the search space of HP*. Performance measurements on a heterogeneous platform are performed and the results of HP* are compared to scheduling results of other popular scheduling methods. The performance results with benchmark tasks from the SPLASH‐3 benchmark suite demonstrate the good scheduling results and the improvements achieved by HP*.
A Reductive Supramolecular Hydrogel: A Platform for Facile Fabrication of Diverse Metal‐Nanoparticle‐Decorated Conductive Networks with Spatiotemporal Control
Authors: Wang Peng , He Guokang , Ji Jingwei , Li Jian , Zhou Kang , Tian Li , Feng Kai , Sun Fuwei , Li Guangtao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNanoparticle‐hydrogel hybrid composites have a great potential for a broad range of applications, such as antibacterial materials, stimuli‐responsive materials and catalysis. A novel supramolecular hydrogel system was developed using an amino acid based amphiphile containing a terminal pyrrole moiety as a gelator. The pyrrole moiety could serve as both reducing agent and monomer, and a variety of metal precursors penetrating into the hydrogel could be reduced in situ into metal nanoparticles while the pyrrole moieties preorganized in hydrogel were oxidized into polyprroles, affording metal‐nanoparticle‐decorated covalent conductive networks. This strategy allows the facile fabrication of diverse mono‐ or multimetallic nanoparticle‐polymer networks from one hydrogel by a simple reaction‐diffusion approach. More importantly, besides homogeneous composites, unique multisegment heterogeneous systems with spatiotemporal control were also easily accessible. Furthermore, based on the same multifunctional molecule, the fabrication of hierarchically pore‐structured metal‐nanoparticles‐polymers as well as metal‐nanoparticles‐carbon structures was also realized.
Recommendations: Are Yours Defensible?
Authors: Hopkins Bryan G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWhat we know is important, but being able to prove recommendations is critical in an increasingly regulated and litigious society. As agronomy, crop, soil, and environmental advisers and scientists, it is essential that our data and recommendations are defensible. CPSS/CPSC can earn 1 CEU in Ethics and CCA/CPAg can earn 1 CEU in Professional Development by reading this article and taking the quiz at www.soils.org/education/classroom/classes/839 (for CPSS/CPSC) or www.certifiedcropadviser.org/education/classroom/classes/839 (for CCA/CPAg).
General rational approximation of Gaussian wavelet series and continuous‐timegm‐C filter implementation
Authors: Li Mu , Sun Yichuang 
Published: July 2020

SummaryA general method of rational approximation for Gaussian wavelet series and Gaussian wavelet filter circuit design with simplegm‐C integrators is presented in this work. Firstly, the multiorder derivatives of Gaussian function are analyzed and proved as wavelet base functions. Then a high‐accuracy general approximation model of Gaussian wavelet series is constructed, and the transfer function of first‐order derivative of Gaussian wavelet filter is obtained using quantum differential evolution (QDE) algorithm. Thirdly, as an example, a fifth‐order continuous‐time analog first‐order derivative of Gaussian wavelet filter circuit is designed based on multiple loop feedback structure with a simplegm‐C integrator as the basic blocks. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method is an excellent way for the wavelet transform implementation. The designed first‐order derivative of Gaussian wavelet filter circuit operates from a 0.53‐V supply voltage and a bias current 2.5 nA. The power dissipation of the wavelet filter circuit at the basic scale is 41.1 nW. Moreover, the high‐accuracy QRS detection based on the designed wavelet filter has been validated in application analysis.
The diagnosis of primary thyroid lymphoma by fine‐needle aspiration, cell block, and immunohistochemistry technique
Authors: Huang Cong‐Gai , Li Meng‐Ze , Wang Shao‐Hua , Zhou Tie‐Jun , Haybaeck Johannes , Yang Zhi‐Hui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimPrimary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare malignant disease. Its prognosis depends on early diagnosis. The role of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA), including smear cytology, cell block (CB) techniques, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) sections in the diagnosis of PTL is still unclear. Here we reported 19 cases of PTL and literature review to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy for lymphoma by cytology.MethodsOur study retrospectively reviewed 19 patients diagnosed with PTL at the affiliated hospital of Southwest Medical University in China from June 2011 to May 2019. According to the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology, the CB sections were evaluated for the presence of single tumor cells. IHC was performed on CB.ResultsThe diagnostic accuracy for PTL of FNA, CB with smears, and the joint application of the three methods (FNA + CB + IHC) of our study with 19 cases was 68.4% (13/19), 83.3% (15/18), and 100% (17/17), respectively.ConclusionThe present study demonstrates that FNA has low sensitivity in diagnosing PTL, but the joint application of FNA, CB, and IHC might provide high diagnostic accuracy for lymphoma and should be applied in all cases where the clinical suspicion is high regardless of the FNA findings.
Metabolism of MMB022 and identification of dihydrodiol formation in vitro using synthesized standards
Authors: Watanabe Shimpei , Wu Xiongyu , Dahlen Johan , Konradsson Peter , Vikingsson Svante , Kronstrand Robert , Gréen Henrik 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMMB022 (methyl 3‐methyl‐2‐[1‐(pent‐4‐en‐1‐yl)‐1H‐indole‐3‐carboxamido]butanoate) is a new synthetic cannabinoid with an alkene at the pentenyl side chain, a rare functional group for synthetic cannabinoids. Metabolite identification is an important step for the detection of synthetic cannabinoids in humans, since they are generally extensively metabolized. The aims of the study were to tentatively identify in vitro phase I metabolites, to confirm major metabolites using synthesized metabolites, to examine metabolic pathways thoroughly, to study metabolic stability and to suggest metabolites appropriate for urine screening. MMB022 and its synthesized metabolites were incubated with human liver microsomes (HLM) and the supernatants were analyzed by liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Sixteen metabolites were identified, which were generated via dehydrogenation, dihydrodiol formation, ester hydrolysis, hydroxylation, and combinations thereof. A major biotransformation of the alkene at the pentenyl side chain was confirmed to be dihydrodiol formation. The major metabolites were ester hydrolysis (M15) and dihydrodiol (M8) metabolites, whereas the metabolite derived from the combination of ester hydrolysis and dihydrodiol (M5) was the fourth most abundant metabolite. The metabolic pathways were investigated using synthesized metabolites and revealed that M5 is an end product of the pathways, indicating that it might become a more abundant metabolite in vivo depending on the rate of metabolism in humans. The major pathway of MMB022 to M5 was determined to be via M8 formation. Intrinsic clearance of MMB022 was determined to be 296 mL/min/kg and t1/2 was 2.1 min, indicating a low metabolic stability. M15, M8, and potentially M5 are suggested as suitable urinary targets.
Phenotypic responses to temperature in the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila
Authors: Weber de Melo Vanessa , Lowe Robert , Hurd Paul J. , Petchey Owen L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the effects of temperature on ecological and evolutionary processes is crucial for generating future climate adaptation scenarios. Using experimental evolution, we evolved the model ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila in an initially novel high temperature environment for more than 35 generations, closely monitoring population dynamics and morphological changes. We observed initially long lag phases in the high temperature environment that over about 26 generations reduced to no lag phase, a strong reduction in cell size and modifications in cell shape at high temperature. When exposing the adapted populations to their original temperature, most phenotypic traits returned to the observed levels in the ancestral populations, indicating phenotypic plasticity is an important component of this species thermal stress response. However, persistent changes in cell size were detected, indicating possible costs related to the adaptation process. Exploring the molecular basis of thermal adaptation will help clarify the mechanisms driving these phenotypic responses.
Inverse relationship of subjective daytime sleepiness to mortality in heart failure patients with sleep apnoea
Authors: Kasai Takatoshi , Taranto Montemurro Luigi , Yumino Dai , Wang Hanqiao , Floras John S. , Newton Gary E. , Mak Susanna , Ruttanaumpawan Pimon , Parker John D. , Bradley T. Douglas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsPatients with sleep apnoea (SA) and heart failure (HF) are less sleepy than SA patients without HF. HF and SA both increase sympathetic nervous system activity (SNA). SNA can augment alertness. We previously showed that in HF patients, the degree of daytime sleepiness was not related to the severity of SA but was inversely related to SNA. Elevated SNA is associated with increased mortality in HF. Therefore, we hypothesized that in HF patients with SA, the degree of daytime sleepiness will be inversely related to mortality.Methods and resultsIn a prospective cohort study, 218 consecutive patients with systolic HF had overnight polysomnography. Among them, 80 subjects with SA (apnoea–hypopnoea index ≥15) were followed for a mean of 28 months to determine all‐cause mortality rate. Subjective daytime sleepiness was assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). During follow‐up, 20 patients died. The 5 year death rate in patients with ESS less than 6 (i.e. less sleepy) was significantly higher than in patients with an ESS at or above the median of 6 (i.e. sleepier) [21.3 deaths/100 patient‐years vs. 6.2 deaths/100 patient‐years, unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) 2.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20 to 7.20, P = 0.018]. After adjusting for confounding factors that included sex, history of hypertension, and mean arterial oxyhaemoglobin saturation, compared with the sleepier patients, less sleepy patients had greater risk of mortality (HR 2.56, 95% CI 1.01 to 6.47, P = 0.047). As a continuous variable, ESS scores were inversely related to mortality risk (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.98, P = 0.022).ConclusionsIn patients with HF and SA, the degree of subjective daytime sleepiness is inversely related to the mortality risk, suggesting that among HF patients with SA, those with the least daytime sleepiness are at greater risk of death. They may therefore have greater potential for mortality benefit from therapy of SA than those with greater daytime sleepiness.
High‐throughput, aseptic production of injectable Tetra‐PEG hydrogel microspheres for delivery of releasable covalently bound drugs
Authors: Henise Jeff , Yao Brian , Hearn Brian R. , Schneider Eric L. , Ashley Gary W. , Santi Daniel V. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this work was to develop equipment and procedures for large‐scale aseptic production of injectable microsphere (MS) drug conjugates. The two major challenges were (a) to prepare sufficient amounts of MSs for clinical trials, and (b) to prepare the MS‐drug product under aseptic conditions. The approach was to prepare the MS‐drug conjugate in two stages. Stage 1 was the preparation of monodisperse tetra‐PEG amine derivatized MSs (amino‐MS) from two soluble PEG prepolymers under low to no bioburden conditions. To accomplish this, custom‐engineered equipment compatible with both aqueous and organic solvents was fabricated for parallel microfluidic preparation of amino‐MS. The system was capable of preparing up to ∼2 L of high quality 50 μm diameter amino‐MS per day. Stage 2 was the sterilization of the starting amino‐MS and aseptic production of the MS‐drug conjugate. The amino‐MS were first sterilized by autoclaving then transferred to a custom‐engineered autoclave‐sterilized washer‐reactor. This apparatus allowed for activation of the amino‐MS and attachment of a linker‐drug under aseptic conditions to give the sterile MS‐drug conjugate drug substance. The final drug product was produced by addition of excipients to form a homogeneous suspension. The entire process is exemplified by an engineering production run of a sterile MS‐peptide drug product.