bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wem nützt die App? Internet- und mobilgestützte Interventionen (IMIs) im Spannungsfeld von Autonomie und Patientenwohl
Authors: Rubeis Giovanni , Ketteler Daniel 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Der Einsatz von Internet- und mobilgestützten Interventionen (IMIs) wird als Empowerment von PatientInnen sowie als Verbesserung des Zugangs zu Versorgungsangeboten beschrieben. Die ethischen Risiken für spezifische Patientengruppen werden nur selten diskutiert. Ziel der Studie ist die Verortung der Patientengruppen, die im Spannungsfeld von Autonomie und Patientenwohl vom Einsatz von IMIs möglicherweise nicht profitieren.
Methodik Das Material der ethischen Analyse besteht in Randomisierten Kontrollstudien (RCTs) und Reviews sowie ethischen Zeitschriften- und Buchbeiträgen. Methodischer Orientierungspunkt ist das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Patientenautonomie und Patientenwohl. Auf dieser Grundlage werden Patientengruppen herausgearbeitet, bei welchen der Einsatz von IMIs nicht zu Empowerment oder verbessertem Zugang zu Versorgungsangeboten führt.
Ergebnisse Die evidenzbasierte ethische Analyse zeigt, dass PatientInnen mit bestimmten Störungsbildern bzw. gesteigerter Symptomschwere, PatientInnen mit niedrigem Bildungsgrad und mangelnder technischer Affinität sowie PatientInnen mit Migrationshintergrund von der Anwendung von IMIs oftmals nicht profitieren. Für diese Patientengruppen kann der Einsatz von IMIs Risiken wie mangelnde Passung auf individuelle Behandlungsbedürfnisse, Symptomverschlechterung, hohe Abbruchrate und mangelnde Erkennung von Notsituationen mit sich bringen.
Diskussion Die starke Betonung des Autonomie-Aspekts kann bei manchen Patientengruppen eine Beeinträchtigung des Patientenwohls mit sich bringen und vorhandene Zugangsbarrieren zum Gesundheitssystem weiter verstärken. Somit können vielfach gerade diejenigen Patientengruppen nicht erreicht werden, deren Inklusion in die psychiatrische und psychotherapeutische Versorgung durch IMIs gefördert werden soll. Diese Zugangsbarrieren sollten zumindest frühzeitig in die Konzeptionierung von IMIs einfließen, um durch eine sicherlich notwendige Digitalisierung des Gesundheitsmarktes ohnehin oft multimorbide Randgruppen in Multiproblemsituationen nicht aus den Augen zu verlieren.
Schlussfolgerung Die Anwendung von IMIs ist stets vor dem Hintergrund der individuellen Ressourcen von PatientInnen zu prüfen. Hinsichtlich einer möglichen verstärkten Implementierung von IMIs im deutschen Versorgungssystem ist daher der Schutz des Patientenwohls jener Gruppen zu gewährleisten, für welche der Einsatz von IMIs Risiken mit sich bringt. Zudem können durch einen frühzeitigen Fokus auf marginalisierte Patientengruppen und die Implementierung niedrigschwelliger Zugänge zum Behandlungs- und Beratungssystem auch Chancen für gerade diese Klientengruppen eröffnet werden.
Internal Chelation within Functionalized Organoindium Reagents: Prospects for Regio- and Stereocontrol in the Allylation, Propargylation and Allenylation of Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Zambroń Bartosz K. 
Published: February 2020

The low basicity, selective nucleophilicity, and mildness of organoindium compounds allow for the incorporation of many important yet sensitive functional groups into their structure, including examples capable of intramolecularly chelating the indium center within these reagents. The specific nature of such chelated organoindiums causes the reactions involving them to proceed in a unique manner, often with regio- and stereoselectivity inaccessible with simple organometallic reagents. This review covers the rare examples of regio- and stereoselective allylation, propargylation, and allenylation of carbonyl compounds with chelated organoindiums, including brief descriptions of the applications of the resulting adducts in the asymmetric synthesis of natural products and synthetic targets of biological and medicinal interest.1	Introduction2	Internal Chelation Control in the Allylation Processes2.1	Allylindiums with a Chelating Center at the γ-Position2.2	Allylindiums with a chelating Center at the δ-Position2.3	Allylindiums with a Chelating Center at ε- and ζ-Positions2.4	Allylindiums with a Chelating Center at γ′- and δ′-Positions3	Internal Chelation Control in Propargylation and Allenylation Processes­3.1	Additions of Chelated Allenylindiums3.2	Additions of Chelated Propargylindiums4	Conclusion
Evaluation of Ischemia Following Clipping of Anterior Circulation Aneurysms with Respect to Temporary Clipping Using Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Prospective Study
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Bodeliwala Shaam , Aher Rajender , Jagetia Anita , Srivastava Arvind Kumar , Singh Daljit , Ganjoo Pragati 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTemporary vessel occlusion enables a surgeon dissect aneurysm and clip with a lower risk of intraoperative hemorrhage with the associated risk of ischemia. There are studies on permissible time of occlusion of the parent artery using temporary clip; however, the actual incidence of silent ischemic events in patients with aneurysms treated with microsurgical clipping is not well documented. We are trying to look for the association between temporary clipping and incidence of ischemia through this study. The study concluded the statistically significant association between the maximum time of single clip application and ischemia. Intermittent multiple temporary clippings can prevent ischemia instead of a single clipping of longer duration.
Transaminases persistentemente elevadas - o que fazer?
Authors: Porta Gilda , Tofoli Marise H C 
Published: February 2020

RESUMOO aumento persistente das transaminases requer observação clínica detalhada com história, exame físico e exames laboratoriais para avaliação hepática e dos diagnósticos diferenciais. O objetivo deste artigo é auxiliar o pediatra na condução desses casos, com a intenção de otimizar a investigação e o diagnóstico nestes pacientes. Os valores dessas enzimas podem variar de acordo com a faixa etária, e seu aumento pode ser a primeira manifestação de uma hepatopatia, ou de doenças metabólicas, genéticas ou extra-hepáticas.
Resposta inflamatória e alterações nutricionais: biomarcadores
Authors: Delgado Artur Figueiredo 
Published: February 2020

RESUMOA conferência de abertura do 49th Annual Meeting of The European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN 2016) foi ministrada pelo Professor George P. Chrousos. Ele é um dos 250 mais proeminentes cientistas pesquisadores do mundo em sua área de atuação. O Professor George P. Chrousos explanou sobre as mais variadas situações em que potenciais causas de stress determinam condições inflamatórias. Os processos inflamatórios e as alterações da condição nutricional estão relacionados a significantes modificações metabólicas. A subnutrição (caquexia) e a obesidade estão relacionadas com a inflamação e consequente risco aumentado de alterações imunológicas, infecção, Diabetes Mellitus tipo II, Síndrome Metabólica e doenças cardiovasculares. Os biomarcadores tem potencial para diagnóstico, monitorização, estratificação e como prognóstico em várias síndromes. O exemplo mais conhecido é a síndrome da resposta inflamatória sistêmica que pode impactar na condição nutricional. Os biomarcadores podem avaliar as duas condições e vários deles são frequentemente utilizados na prática clínica: albumina, proteína C-reativa, 25-hidroxivitamina D, cálcio, magnésio, proteínas totais, transferrina, triglicérides e zinco. Novos estudos serão necessários para estabelecer o valor dos biomarcadores quanto ao prognóstico (morbimortalidade).
Determination of lead concentration in breast milk and blood of lactanting women in an interior city of Brasil
Authors: Andrade Marco Túlio Soares , Del Ciampo Luiz Antonio , Del Ciampo Ieda Regina Lopes , Ferraz Ivan Savioli , Ricco Rubens Garcia , Silva Patricia Silveira , Junior Fernando Barbosa 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Background: breast milk offers numerous advantages biological and emotional. However, in some situations, can transfer harmful elements for the health of infants.
Objective: to determine lead levels in the blood and milk of mothers whose children frequent a primary mother-child health care.
Methods: a cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study of 70 healthy women who were breast-feeding babies younger than six months during 01/04/2011 to 30/09/2011. Lead determination was performed by mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. A linear regression model was adjusted to determine the association between lead concentrations in maternal milk and blood. The estimated values of the difference between means and their 95% confidence intervals were obtained.
Results: mean lead concentration in milk was 1.462 ng/mL and blood lead concentration was 1.801 μg/dL.
Conclusions: human milk is not a source of contamination for the babies in this area. However, more studies are needed in other regions of the country in view of the growing evidence of foci of lead contamination, which may represent an occult risk for the population.
The Cauchy problem for an abstract second order ordinary differential equation
Authors: Gavrilov V. S. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We prove the existence and uniqueness of a solution for the Cauchy problem for a linear abstract second order differential equation, obtain its representation, and prove that it is continuously dependent on the time at which the initial conditions are specified. Based on these results, we prove the existence and uniqueness of a solution of the Cauchy problem for a nonlinear abstract second order differential equation. This result is applied to show that the initial-boundary value problem for a nonlinear hyperbolic divergence structure equation has a unique solution.
Bibliography: 49 titles.
Kripke semantics for the logic of problems and propositions
Authors: Onoprienko A. A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this paper we study the propositional fragment

of the joint logic of problems and propositions introduced by Melikhov. We provide Kripke semantics for this logic and show that

is complete with respect to those models and has the finite model property. We consider examples of the use of

-models usage. In particular, we prove that

is a conservative extension of the logic

. We also show that the logic

is complete with respect to Kripke frames with sets of audit worlds introduced by Artemov and Protopopescu (who called them audit set models).
Bibliography: 31 titles.
The size of the immune repertoire of bacteria
Authors: Bradde Serena , Nourmohammad Armita , Goyal Sidhartha , Balasubramanian Vijay 
Published: February 2020

Significance
Some bacteria possess an adaptive immune system that maintains a memory of past viral infections in the CRISPR loci of their genomes. This memory is used to mount targeted responses against later threats but is remarkably shallow: it remembers only a few dozen to a few hundred viruses. We present a statistical theory of CRISPR-based immunity that quantitatively predicts the depth of bacterial immune memory in terms of a tradeoff with fundamental constraints of the cellular biochemical machinery.
Analytical distributions for detailed models of stochastic gene expression in eukaryotic cells
Authors: Cao Zhixing , Grima Ramon 
Published: February 2020

Significance
The random nature of gene expression is well established experimentally. Mathematical modeling provides a means of understanding the factors leading to the observed stochasticity. In this article, we extend the classical two-state model of stochastic mRNA dynamics to include a considerable number of salient features of single-cell biology, such as cell division, replication, mRNA maturation, dosage compensation, and growth-dependent transcription. By means of biologically relevant approximations, we obtain expressions for the time-dependent distributions of mRNA and protein numbers. These provide insight into how fluctuations are modified and controlled by complex intracellular processes.
GDF11 promotes osteogenesis as opposed to MSTN, and follistatin, a MSTN/GDF11 inhibitor, increases muscle mass but weakens bone
Authors: Suh Joonho , Kim Na-Kyung , Lee Seung-Hoon , Eom Je-Hyun , Lee Youngkyun , Park Joo-Cheol , Woo Kyung Mi , Baek Jeong-Hwa , Kim Jung-Eun , Ryoo Hyun-Mo , Lee Se-Jin , Lee Yun-Sil 
Published: February 2020

Significance
MSTN, a member of the TGF-β family, has been widely shown to suppress muscle growth, leading to an intense effort being directed at targeting MSTN to treat patients with muscle loss. GDF11 is another TGF-β family member closely related to MSTN, but its postnatal function is less clear. Using conditional knockout techniques, we show that GDF11 enhances bone mass in contrast to MSTN, emphasizing that MSTN/GDF11 inhibitors, such as FST, can induce adverse effects on bone through GDF11 inhibition. Because most MSTN inhibitors also inhibit GDF11 due to the high sequence similarity between MSTN and GDF11, our findings suggest that their opposing roles must be carefully considered when developing MSTN inhibitors for clinical applications.
Tunable and precise miniature lithium heater for point-of-care applications
Authors: Udugama Buddhisha , Kadhiresan Pranav , Chan Warren C. W. 
Published: February 2020

Significance
Biochemical techniques are required for a variety of different point-of-care applications, from diagnosing illnesses to manufacturing vaccines. Many of these applications cannot be used in remote locations due to their reliance on electricity for temperature control. Here we have developed a miniature lithium heater, up to 8,000 times smaller than existing technologies, enabling the use of biochemical techniques at the point of care. By using these heaters in a model workflow that detects the presence of a virus, we demonstrate their applicability to a broad range of biochemical techniques that require precise temperature control. This technology may be broadly used, such as in disaster relief camps or mountain expeditions, for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
β-Arrestin2 oligomers impair the clearance of pathological tau and increase tau aggregates
Authors: Woo Jung-A A. , Liu Tian , Fang Cenxiao C. , Castaño Maria A. , Kee Teresa , Yrigoin Ksenia , Yan Yan , Cazzaro Sara , Matlack Jenet , Wang Xinming , Zhao Xingyu , Kang David E. , Liggett Stephen B. 
Published: February 2020

Significance
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is second only to Alzheimer’s disease as a cause of dementia, and we find the scaffolding protein β-arrestin2 is elevated in human brains with this condition, and is responsible for accumulation of pathological tau tangles. Increased β-arrestin2 impairs tau clearance and promotes tau aggregation by impeding the autophagy cargo carrier p62/SQSTM1. Such activity requires β-arrestin2 in its oligomeric form, an assembly state that is not involved with receptor binding. Virus delivered gene therapy to the brain with dominant-negative mutant β-arrestin2s ablates pathologic tau in neurons of a mouse model of FTLD-tau, revealing a strategy to mitigate tauopathy by targeting β-arrestin2 oligomerization.
Functional lipid pairs as building blocks of phase-separated membranes
Authors: Soloviov Dmytro , Cai Yong Q. , Bolmatov Dima , Suvorov Alexey , Zhernenkov Kirill , Zav’yalov Dmitry , Bosak Alexey , Uchiyama Hiroshi , Zhernenkov Mikhail 
Published: February 2020

Significance
Although it is believed that the raft formation in a cell membrane is governed by a selective interaction of different lipids and proteins, mechanisms driving and regulating the lateral membrane heterogeneity remain poorly understood. Here, using multicomponent lipid mixtures and inelastic X-ray scattering, we provide a spatial–temporal window to study lipid–lipid interactions. We show experimental evidence for the formation of dynamic lipid pairs, which are subnanometer in size and have a subnanosecond lifetime. These pairs form transient nanoscopic substructures in the liquid-ordered phase. The presented approach to study membrane heterogeneity is universal and can be applied to more realistic lipid mixtures, offering the possibility to discern differences between the structures of ordered and disordered phases in a cell membrane.
The grain boundary mobility tensor
Authors: Chen Kongtao , Han Jian , Pan Xiaoqing , Srolovitz David J. 
Published: February 2020

Significance
Defects and microstructures have a profound impact on material strength and ductility. Microstructure engineering can enhance/trade-off between these properties. One of the key parameters that dictates microstructure evolution is grain-boundary mobility. We demonstrate the fundamental nature of the mobility, reconciling a wide range of observations in a consistent model. We argue that the mobility is, in general, a tensor (classically, it is a scalar) and determine all of its components. We do this by combining molecular-dynamics simulations and the development of a statistical mechanics-based disconnection (line defects in grain boundaries) model. The tensor nature of the mobility explains which grain-boundary characteristics are materials properties and which are not and demonstrates that stress generation always slows grain growth.
Evidence that Criegee intermediates drive autoxidation in unsaturated lipids
Authors: Zeng Meirong , Heine Nadja , Wilson Kevin R. 
Published: February 2020

Significance
Autoxidation leads to the slow persistent destruction of organic molecules causing oxidative stress and associated disease. The prevailing autoxidation mechanism of unsaturated lipids involves chain reactions initiated and propagated by H-atom abstraction, mediated by peroxy radicals and other reactive oxygen species. Here we report experimental evidence for an autoxidation mechanism initiated by OH, which is unanticipated and proceeds by OH addition followed by pathways involving Criegee intermediates (CIs). Although CIs are routinely encountered in atmospheric and synthetic organic chemistry, their role in autoxidation is unexpected. Our results suggest that in all likelihood these exotic species play a much more prominent and general role in the chemistry of cells, food, petrochemicals, and the environment beyond what is currently believed.
Bioinspired programmable wettability arrays for droplets manipulation
Authors: Sun Lingyu , Bian Feika , Wang Yu , Wang Yuetong , Zhang Xiaoxuan , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: February 2020

Significance
Droplet manipulation has received great attention and research for its potential applications in various fields. Wettability surfaces, especially tunable wettability surfaces, are efficient way to manipulate the pinning and sliding of droplets. However, these surfaces only demonstrate uniform wettability control behavior and thus were difficult to accurately manipulate droplets to a certain location or multiple locations. In this paper, inspired by the microstructure of stomata distributed on plants, we present programmable wettability arrays for droplets manipulation by using microfluidic emulsification templates. Based on the intelligent composite system, controllable droplet sliding on programmable wettability pathways and effective droplet transfer for printing with mask integration have been demonstrated.
A metaphorical map of subtitling
Authors: Labarta Postigo María 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This study explores the metaphorical dimension of idioms in original filmic texts and their translations in
subtitles, in order to shed light on strategies used in the translation process. The research focuses on a corpus of 20 films
from the Library of Foreign Language Film Clips (LFLFC), at the Berkeley Language Center of the University of California,
Berkeley. More specifically, I analyze films in German and Spanish with English subtitles from a cognitive and contrastive
perspective. My goal is to explore how translation can affect understanding and reception by an audience with limited or no skills
in the original language. Results of the analysis show a tendency towards reduction of metaphorical expressions in translated
English subtitles, these varying according to the original language of the film. Contrastive analysis demonstrates that in
translation from Spanish, the explicit meaning strategy is far more frequent than in translation from German. The findings of this
study can be applied in foreign language teaching as a means of developing learners’ cultural awareness and language
comprehension, as well as in the field of audiovisual subtitling translation.
What the hands tell us about mathematical learning
Authors: Martinez-Lincoln Amanda , Tran Le M. , Powell Sarah R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMathematical achievement is an early predictor of students’ academic outcomes, and mathematics achievement continues to be important throughout life. Thus, it is essential to examine instructional methods that enhance mathematical learning. One method that may impact mathematical learning is the use of gestures, yet a comprehensive methodical review of the data has not been conducted. The current study examined the impact that gestures have on student learning when educators use gestures during mathematical instruction and educators’ perception of student mathematical knowledge when students use gestures. A systematic search was conducted to assemble research studies that evaluated the use of gestures in mathematical instruction with students in preschool to 12th grade. Empirical data from 35 research articles indicate that gestures used by students or educators that enhance verbal instruction can increase student mathematical performance and memory. Furthermore, it is practical to teach students and educators to use gestures effectively during mathematical learning.
Negation in San Juan Quiahije Chatino Sign Language
Authors: Mesh Kate , Hou Lynn 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSign languages do not arise from thin air: rather, they emerge in communities where conventions are already in place for using gesture. Little research has considered how these conventions are retained and/or adapted as gestures are integrated into emerging sign language lexicons. Here we describe a set of five gestures that are used to convey negative meanings by both speakers and signers in a single community: the San Juan Quiahije municipality in Oaxaca, Mexico. We show that all of the form-meaning mappings present for non-signers are retained by signers as they integrate the gestures into their lexicon. Interestingly, additional meanings are mapped to the gesture forms by signers – a phenomenon that appears to originate with deaf signers in particular. In light of this evidence, we argue that accounts of ‘wholesale borrowing’ of gestures into emerging sign languages is overly simplistic: signers evidently adapt gestures as they integrate them into their emerging lexicons.