bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ambulante Haus- und Facharztversorgung im ländlichen Raum in Deutschland – Wie stellt sich die Versorgungssituation aus Sicht älterer Einwohner im Landkreis Oberspreewald-Lausitz dar?
Authors: Löffler Antje , Hoffmann Stephanie , Fischer Stefanie , Spallek Jacob 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die medizinische Versorgung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ist von Verteilungsproblemen geprägt. Vor allem in ländlichen Regionen droht Unterversorgung. In dieser Studie wurde untersucht, wie ältere Bewohner des Landkreises Oberspreewald-Lausitz (OSL) des Bundeslandes Brandenburg ihre derzeitige medizinische Versorgungssituation einschätzen und welche Wünsche und Bedenken sie hinsichtlich deren zukünftigen Entwicklung im Jahr 2030 haben.
Methodik In der vorliegenden Querschnitterhebung wurden 3006 Einwohner im Alter von 50–56 Jahren und von 65–71 Jahren des Landkreises OSL befragt. Ein Fragebogen mit geschlossenem und offenem Antwortformat wurde zur Erfassung der Zielstellung eingesetzt.
Ergebnisse In der vorliegenden Untersuchung äußerten sich die Einwohner des Landkreises OSL aktuell zufrieden oder sehr zufrieden mit der hausärztlichen (93,1%) und der fachärztlichen Versorgung (83,3%). Innerhalb des Landkreises zeigen sich in einigen Regionen Defizite. Im Gebiet Lauchhammer/Schwarzheide äußerten sich insbesondere zur fachärztlichen Versorgung 27,1% der Befragten unzufrieden oder sehr unzufrieden. Alternative und ergänzende Versorgungsangebote wie die Community Nurse sind akzeptierte, jedoch derzeit unterrepräsentierte Maßnahmen zur Sicherstellung der zukünftigen medizinischen Versorgung.
Schlussfolgerung Derzeit zeigen sich Bewohner des ländlichen, metropolenfernen Landkreises OSL zufrieden mit der ambulanten medizinischen Versorgung, jedoch stellen sich in einigen Regionen Defizite, insbesondere bei der zukünftigen Facharztversorgung dar. Alternative Versorgungsangebote wie Telemedizin sind seitens der Bewohner gewünschte Maßnahmen zur Ergänzung und Sicherstellung der zukünftigen medizinischen Versorgung im ländlichen Raum.
Barringtogenol C-type Triterpenoid Saponins from the Stem Bark of Norway Maple (Acer Platanoides)
Authors: Xu Wen , Zhang Lu , Omar Raed , Liu Wei , Wei Zhengxi , Zhang Zengguang , Mu Yu , Seeram Navindra P. , Huang Xueshi , Ma Hang , Li Liya 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFour new barringtogenol C-type triterpenoid saponins, namely acerplatanosides A – D (1–4), along with 22 known compounds (5–26), were isolated from the stem bark of Norway maple (Acer platanoides). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and chemical hydrolysis. This is the first report of triterpenoid saponins isolated from Norway maple. Compounds 1, 3, and 4 showed cytotoxicity against 4 human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 9.4 to 39.5 µM.
Cryoablation of Lung Metastases: Review of Recent Literature and Ablation Technique
Authors: Eiken Patrick W. , Welch Brian T. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article reviews the current indications for image-guided thermal ablation of pulmonary metastatic disease. It also summarizes data regarding the efficacy and complications of lung cryoablation and present techniques for performing lung cryoablation as informed by the recent literature.
Thermal Ablation of Metastatic Colon Cancer to the Liver
Authors: Camacho Juan C. , Petre Elena N. , Sofocleous Constantinos T. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is responsible for approximately 10% of cancer-related deaths in the Western world. Liver metastases are frequently seen at the time of diagnosis and throughout the course of the disease. Surgical resection is often considered as it provides long-term survival; however, few patients are candidates for resection. Percutaneous ablative therapies are also used in the management of this patient population. Different thermal ablation (TA) technologies are available including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation (MWA), laser, and cryoablation. There is growing evidence about the role of interventional oncology and image-guided percutaneous ablation in the management of metastatic colorectal liver disease. This article aims to outline the technical considerations, outcomes, and rational of TA in the management of patients with CRC liver metastases, focusing on the emerging role of MWA.
Tumor de células gigantes tratado con translocación cubital y artrodesis de muñeca tras fracaso de curetaje y cementación
Authors: Oteo José Antonio , Merino Patricia 
Published: October 2019

ResumenEl radio distal es la tercera localización en frecuencia para los tumores de células gigantes. El curetaje de la lesión más relleno de la misma con cemento, es una de las opciones de tratamiento. La cementación tras el curetaje puede tener complicaciones y obligar a la resección de la zona dañada. Presentamos el resultado de un caso, donde se hizo resección en bloque de la zona tumoral cementada más reconstrucción del área con translocación del cúbito y artrodesis de la muñeca. Es una técnica sencilla en la que se pierde movilidad, pero que consigue excelentes resultados clínicos y funcionales en mano y antebrazo.
Underlying Characteristics and Outcome of Extensively Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infection and Colonization in a Saudi Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Alsubaie Sarah , Anwar Zahid , Alhadidi Mohamed , Alsaadi Boshra , Alsaadi Muslim 
Published: October 2019

AbstractExtensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (XDRAB) is a rapidly emerging pathogen causing threat to health care settings. The resultant morbidity and mortality rates are high due to limited therapeutic options. The present study demonstrates the characteristics of neonates, infected or colonized with XDRAB, antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the isolates, and neonatal outcomes. This retrospective study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Dallah hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the period January 2015 to December 2017. All neonates with positive XDRAB cultures from any location in the body were included, infected and colonized cases were compared. XDRAB was isolated from 16 neonates. Seventy-five percent of the affected neonates were preterm, with a median gestational age and birth weight of 32.5 weeks and 1,675 g, respectively. The median time to XDRAB infection/colonization for all cases was 14 days. Seventy-five percent of the cases had central venous catheters and 50 percent had surgery/procedure performed during stay in NICU. Half of the affected neonates had underlying congenital anomalies and chronic medical conditions. Fourteen affected neonates (87%) received prior courses of cefotaxime. In 15 of 16 cases, XDRAB infection manifested clinically as late-onset sepsis with bacteremia and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). XDRAB isolates were resistant to all β-lactams and carbapenems. Resistance rate to other antibiotics was 93% for gentamicin and 50% for ciprofloxacin. All XDRAB isolates were susceptible to colistin. Seventy-five percent of the infected neonates died due to XDRAB sepsis, while 37% of the colonized group died of other underlying diseases. Fifty percent of the infected neonates died within 4 days of XDRAB infection. Prematurity, low birth weight, the use of vascular devices, and prior use of cefotaxime played a major role in XDRAB infection/colonization in our unit. It is crucial to consider early start of colistin, either alone or in combination therapy, especially for the neonates at high risk, for example, those with certain underlying chronic conditions who manifest with late-onset sepsis and/or VAP.
Nitro compounds as the core structures of promising energetic materials and versatile reagents for organic synthesis
Authors: Zlotin Sergei G. , Dalinger Igor L. , Makhova Nina N. , Tartakovsky Vladimir A. 
Published: October 2019

This review addresses some promising areas of chemistry of nitro compounds extensively developed in recent years in Russia (particularly at the N.D.Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences) and worldwide. The most important results in the synthesis of novel energetic N-, C- and O-nitro compounds are summarized. New environmentally friendly approaches to the preparation of known compounds of this series, used as components of energetic compositions, are considered. Methods for selective transformations of various nitro compounds to valuable products of organic synthesis, primarily biologically active products and their precursors, are systematically analyzed.
The bibliography includes 446 references.
Coupling of pinned magnetic moments in an antiferromagnet to a ferromagnet and its role for exchange bias
Authors: Yaqoob Khan M , Shokr Yasser A , Kuch Wolfgang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The interaction between uncompensated pinned magnetic moments within an antiferromagnetic (AFM) layer and an adjacent ferromagnetic (FM) layer responsible for the existence of exchange bias is explored in epitaxially grown trilayers of the form FM2/AFM/FM1 on Cu3Au(0 0 1) where FM1 is ~12 atomic monolayers (ML) Ni, FM2 is 21–25 ML Ni, and AFM is 27 ML or 50 ML Ni~25Mn~75. Field cooling for parallel or antiparallel alignment of the out-of-plane magnetizations of the two FM layers does not make a difference for the temperature-dependent coercivity (H
C), magnitude of exchange bias field (H
eb), AFM ordering temperature (T
AFM), and blocking temperature for exchange bias (T
b). We explain this by a model in which the uncompensated pinned magnetic moments distributed within the volume of the AFM layer interact with both of the FM layers, albeit with different strength. Parallel and antiparallel coupling between the magnetization of the pinned moments and the FM layers equally exists. This leads to the experimentally observed independence of H
C, H
eb, as well as of T
AFM and T
b on the magnetization direction of the FM layers during field cooling. These results provide new and detailed insight into revealing the subtle and complex nature of the exchange bias effect.
Neutron MIEZE spectroscopy with focal length tuning
Authors: Jochum J K , Wendl A , Keller T , Franz C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We report on a method to tune the focal length of high resolution neutron MIEZE spectrometers. The MIEZE technique relies on a fast sinusoidal neutron intensity modulation up to the MHz range, generated by the rotation of the neutron spin in radio-frequency spin flippers, and subsequent conversion to an intensity modulation by a spin analyzer. This intensity modulation is washed out due to the neutron velocity dispersion, but by proper choice of the spin rotation frequencies as well as the distances between sample, detector and spin flippers, a focal point in space appears (echo point), where the neutron detector is placed. In this work, we describe how to extend the dynamic range of the MIEZE technique by several orders of magnitude by introducing a field subtraction coil (NSE coil), such that at low energy resolution a good overlap with conventional spectroscopy techniques is achieved. All formulas for calculating the tuning parameters and an experimental example from the RESEDA spectrometer at the Heinz Maier–Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ) are discussed.
Ultra-giant magnetoresistance in graphene-based spin valves with gate-controlled potential barriers
Authors: Tseng Peng , Hsueh Wen-Jeng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Pursuing larger tunnel magnetoresistance is a significant work to develop attractive spin-valve devices for high-performance read heads of hard disk drives, magnetic random access memories, and transistors. Here, we propose an ultra-giant magnetoresistance reaching higher than 40 000% at room temperature by using a spin valve of an armchair graphene nanoribbon with double gate-controlled potential barriers. The ultra-giant magnetoresistance approximately 60 times larger than that of traditional MgO-barrier spin valves is caused by an extraordinary current suppression in the antiparallel mode. Moreover, owing to the concept of the gate-voltage barrier, the proposed system provided not only lower complexity of the fabricating standard but also longer endurance of the operation than traditional spin-valve devices.
Digital native levels of Indonesia pre-service teachers
Authors: Sejati A P , Suryana D , Handayani S R , Yuliana D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The generation classification based on technology proficiency skill consists of digital native and digital immigrant. Digital native assumed as superior in technology usage. Viewed from demographic aspects related to age, elementary school-age children of the current era tend to adopt the digital native characteristic. These characteristics may require teachers to integrate the learning methods and technology. This study aims to assess pre-service teachers’ digital native characters. They are projected to be teachers of digital native students. The assessment was made by using the Digital Native Assessment Scale developed by Teo in 2013. The use of the instrument was intended to pilot the DNAS in Indonesia education context. This study used a qualitative research design, since it involves qualitative data and analysis stages. The sample involved were 130 students (112 females and 18 males) of the Elementary School Preservice Teacher in Indonesia. Their age ranged from 18 to 24. Based on the study results, the digital native level of preservice teachers in Indonesia was high. If seen from a gender variable, the digital natives do not have any significant differences. Although this result cannot be fully generalized, it can be used as a reference both for curriculum development in teacher education.
Energy and indoor climate measurements in Denmark’s first energy neutral block of flats
Authors: Wittchen Kim B. , Jensen Søren Østergaard 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Denmark’s first energy neutral multi-family house, BOLIG+, is constructed at Søborg near Copenhagen and consists of 10 flats divided on 4 floors. BOLIG+ was the first attempt to construct a multi-family block of flats that complies with a set of criteria and dogmas that defines the BOLIG+ concept. Energy production on the building needed e.g. to meet not only the buildings energy demand, but also the residents’ electricity energy use for light and appliances. Additionally when exchanging energy with the grid, energy “sold” should have at least the same exergy level as energy “bought”. Building multi-family houses that are energy neutral on annual basis, is, therefore, much more difficult than for a single-family house. One of the reasons for this is the small amount of roof area available (per. dwelling) for local electricity production compared to the roof area of a single-family house. Last, but not least, the buildings was constructed under normal economical market conditions, i.e. without any subsidies for the construction.
When designing the building, the normal standard conditions for calculating the buildings energy performance was offset in order to ensure better coherence between the design energy demand and the following energy measurements. The indoor temperature was set higher, and so was the domestic hot water demand. Additionally, free loads (gains) from persons, light and appliances was set lower than the standard.
To meet the goal of being energy neutral, several low-energy solutions are used e.g. compact thermal envelope; highly insulated constructions; highly insulating windows; hybrid decentral ventilation; heat recovery on grey wastewater; PV on facades and roof; buffer zones. Additionally, an electric battery was installed to improve the economy of the PV installation by optimizing the amount of electricity used inside the meter (tackling the feed-in tariff issue).
This paper presents results from 1½ year of measurements of energy performance and indoor climate carried out in the building during the period 2017-2018.
Measurements of energy consumption showed that if the PV installation has produced as expected and the residents had used electricity as expected, the building would have been only 11% from being energy neutral.
Indoor climate measurements show high temperatures in a large share of the period.
A tool for the parametric assessment of operational energy use and embodied GHG emissions in a single-family house concept study
Authors: Wiik Marianne Kjendseth , Lolli Nicola , Fufa Selamawit Mamo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPresent day European legislation focuses upon the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in buildings through better design and technological solutions, with a view to reduce operational energy use and embodied GHG emissions. Currently, environmental performance assessment tools for buildings lack in assessing these parameters over the entire lifecycle of a building. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a well-established methodology that gives a clear insight into the potential environmental impacts during the service life of a building. However, architect, engineer and constructor (AEC) professionals consider LCA as complex and time consuming. This paper builds upon a methodology for the development of a parametric analysis tool (PAT), which comprehensively assesses operational energy use and embodied GHG emissions during the lifecycle of a building. In this phase of the PAT’s development, the complexity of the tool has been increased by expanding the number of parameters from four (i.e. insulation thickness, window types, North façade glazing area and South façade glazing area) to seven (i.e. climatic zones, solar shading and electricity emission factors). This has increased the amount of parametric permutations from 1,372 to 12,348. The PAT has been applied to a conceptual two-storey single-family house, developed by the Norwegian ZEB Research Centre, which is assumed to be in either Oslo (Norway) or Lecce (Italy). The results show that the choice of insulation thickness influences total energy use less than the selection of shading types or glazing areas. The results also show the parametric selection with the least amount of operational energy use (34kWh/m2/yr) in the Lecce climate consists of triple-glazed windows (0.5W/m2k), 10m2of glazing on the north façade, 20m2of glazing on the south facade. The results show the parametric selection with the lowest total GHG emissions in the Oslo climate (7.8kgCO2eq/m2/yr) consists of triple glazing (0.5W/m2k), 10m2of glazing on the north facade and 20m2glazing on the south facade. This is because a lower electricity emission factor (132gCO2eq/kWh for Norway and 290gCO2eq/kWh for Italy) was used for converting operational energy use to GHG emissions, even though the Oslo climate has a higher heating demand compared to Lecce. In conclusion, this paper shows how complex design options can be evaluated in a holistic way through PAT to ascertain the best selection of design criteria for low GHG emissions and low operational energy use.
Perimeter Blocks in Nordic Towns - How latitude affect daylighting
Authors: Sundborg Bengt , Matusiak Barbara Szybinska , Arbab Shabnam 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
One of the design principles for future sustainable towns is compactness. The densification of cities is very much needed, but it usually compromises the access of daylight. Densification is especially challenging in the Nordic region characterized by low angled sunlight, something that also limits daylight distribution and restricts its intensity. The higher the latitude, the greater is the difficulty in the distribution. Perimeter blocks give shelter from wind and often create semi-public courtyards which have been seen to be attractive in many Nordic settlements during history. In the present study, alternative design to the conventional perimeter blocks are explored and geometric options such as chamfered corners, strategically varied building heights and differently positioned openings in a broken perimeter block are analyzed. The yearly simulations as well as simulations for May 1st have been carried out for the same perimeter blocks located at four different latitudes (decimal coordinates):
1. 65.0 Oulu (similar to Mo i Rana 66.3, Jokkmokk 66.6 and Rovaniemi 66.5)
2. 63.4 Trondheim (similar to Reykjavik 64.1, Östersund 63.2 and Vaasa 63.1)
3. 59.3 Stockholm (similar to Oslo 59.9, Helsinki 60,2, Tallinn 59.4, Saint Petersburg 59.9 and Anchorage 61.2)
4. 55.7 Copenhagen (similar to Malmö 55.6, Glasgow 55.9 and Moscow 55.8)
The choice of evaluation criteria is based on scientific discourse in the field of daylighting. According to the new European standard, solar radiation is included. Computer-based daylighting simulations are performed for different designs of the perimeter blocks with equal density, FAR = 1.33. The further north a city is located, the lower the houses in a perimeter block must be to maintain a certain level of daylight. The study confirms that latitude affects daylighting and that geometrical change can improve the conditions for daylight in the perimeter blocks.
Lessons learnt from the design and construction strategies of two Norwegian low emission construction sites
Authors: Fufa Selamawit Mamo , Wiik Marianne Kjendseth , Mellegård Sofie , Andresen Inger 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Over the last couple of years, research related to fossil free and emission free construction sites has developed rapidly in Norway, with an ambition to contribute towards global, national and regional emission reduction targets. Major public players are already demanding fossil free construction sites through public procurement, whilst requirements for emission free construction sites are on the way. Even though the Norwegian construction industry is a forerunner, there is a lack of knowledge or common understanding among different stakeholders on the definition, scope and strategies needed for fossil free and emission free construction sites. The aim of this paper is to present the main challenges and opportunities from the construction phase of two Norwegian zero emission construction sites, namely Campus Evenstad in Hedmark and Lia nursery school in Oslo. Construction activities considered include transportation and installation of building materials, construction machinery, temporary works, energy use, waste management and person transport. This paper presents and discusses the lessons learnt from the design, ambition levels, inputs from stakeholders, emission reduction solutions of these two construction sites, and evaluates methods considered to address conceptual and practical issues. In conclusion, this paper suggests lessons learnt for reducing GHG emissions from Norwegian zero emission construction sites.
Defining a niche for Facilities Management in Smart Cities
Authors: Lindkvist Carmel , Temeljotov-Salaj Alenka , Collins Dave , Bjørberg Svein 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A wide variety of disciplines engage in Smart Cities as the scope and breadth of it is broad. Within the built environment, there is much discussion on how planning and construction phases influence Smart Cities. There is little discussion on the role of Facilities Management (FM). However, there has been much work on the influence FM has on design phases to ensure functional and usable buildings. Neglecting to scale up the influence of FM from individual buildings to city scale may have long term consequences on sustainability of cities. Taking a mindset of including an FM perspective early in the development of a Smart City is considered here in terms of social aspects of required services. The work draws on ideas of Urban FM to operationalize local needs which also responds to the need to link to broader city sustainable strategies. The starting point is from the development of two districts in Trondheim, Norway. In a three-day workshop, students interpret the needs of the area based on their own knowledge-based perspective, guidance from tutors of Urban FM and through engagement with local users of the area. The work highlights the potential of including an FM perspective in the development of cities.