bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception of resource-limited livestock farmers on adaptation management strategies in drought-prone rural areas in Eastern Cape province, South Africa
Authors:   University of Fort Hare, Akinmoladun OF , Ntonga S , Mpetile Z , Ikusika OO , Mpendulo CT 
Published: December 2024

Livestock farming is a crucial source of income and livelihood. However, its sustainability is being adversely affected by the unpredictable climatic changes. It would be valuable to comprehend how livestock farmers perceive climate change (CC) and the adaptation strategies. This study evaluated farmers’ views of climate change impact, adaptation measures, and the obstacles to these measures. A cross-sectional and multi-stage sampling method was employed. Data collected from 300 randomly chosen farmers were analysed using descriptive statistics and the Garrett ranking technique. Most of the respondents were male (71.67%) and between the ages of 21-60 (62%). Most respondents were married (67%) and had a form of education. Increased disease occurrence, decreased livestock production rate, increased poor vegetation, increased water scarcity, and ambient temperature were perceived by the respondents to have been impacted ‘to a great extent’ by 45%, 38%, 53%, 36% and 42%, respectively. Perceived and rated as ‘to a great extent’ by the respondents on climate change impact were ‘increased distance covered by livestock for water and pasture (29%), decreased growth rate (28%), and increased ambient temperature (30%)’. Based on descending mean rank, the farmers’ most favoured strategies for adapting to climate change included reducing their livestock numbers (58.98), collecting and storing water (55.66) and planning for supplementary feeding (55.35). The income management strategies under CC include off-farm employment (55.48), borrowing from self-help groups (54.48), and friends and relatives (50.72), in that order. The top barriers to CC, in descending order of mean rank, by the farmers include a high incidence of pests and diseases (61.47%), non-availability of improved forage seed (52.06), lack of appropriate water harvesting facilities (51.84), smaller/ fragmented land holding for forage (51.56) and scarcity of farm labour (47.75). The livestock farmers’ perception of climate change impacts indicated that most of the factors examined were rated as significant. Most respondents are aware of climate change (CC) and its repercussions on livestock productivity.

Key words:	Livestock productivity, management strategies, policies, sustainability, climate change, productivity, perception, farmers
Comparative Analysis of Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Communities in Yaks of Different Ages
Authors: Jin Sheng-Wei , Han Yin-Cang , Sun Yong-Gang , Ding Wei-Qin , Liu Ya-Qian , Gou Fa-Jie , Chen Jian-Yu 
Published: December 2024

Background: This study investigates the differences in rumen fermentation parameters and microbial communities in yaks aged 3 (MarG), 4 (AprG) and 5 months (MayG). As crucial livestock on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, optimizing yak health and productivity relies on understanding their rumen microbial structure and fermentation efficiency. These findings provide insights into their adaptation to the plateau environment and support strategies for improving livestock management. Methods: The study analyzed rumen fermentation parameters (NH3-N, acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, butyrate, valerate) and microbial composition in three age groups of yak calves. Microbial richness and composition were assessed, with network and correlation analyses identifying key microbial phyla associated with fermentation. Functional predictions explored gene abundances related to transcription, viral infection, cancer types and the immune system across the groups. Result: NH3-N and acetate levels were significantly higher in the MarG group compared to AprG and MayG (p less than 0.05), while MayG showed elevated propionate, isobutyrate, butyrate and valerate levels (p less than 0.05). Microbial composition varied, with Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota dominating MarG, Christensenellaceae and Oscillospiraceae in AprG and Desulfobacterota in MayG. Network analysis identified Proteobacteria as central in MarG, Firmicutes in AprG and both in MayG, forming the most complex network. UCG-005 showed strong positive correlations with all fermentation parameters. Functional predictions indicated higher cell motility in MarG and more immune-related genes in MayG.
IMPLEMENTASI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INFOGRAFIS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT BACA SISWA PADA PELAJARAN IPS
Authors: Busthomi Abi Yazid , Yasri Hayyun Lathifaty 
Published: December 2024

Lack of interest in reading students in social studies class VIII MTs Ahmad Yani jabung is the reason for the application of Infographic media to increase interest in reading. So that This study aims to 1) understand and know the implementation of infographic media to Increase Student Reading Interest in Social Studies Subjects Through Infographic Media Class VIII Mts Ahmad Yani Jabung. 2) Understand and know the obstacles to the implementation of infographic media to Increase Student Reading Interest in Social Studies Subjects Through Infographic Media Class VIII Mts Ahmad Yani Jabung. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The subjects of this research are students of class VIII MTs Ahmad Yani Jabung in social studies learning. The results showed that 1) the application of infographics as a medium in learning social studies has several benefits and advantages for teachers and students. 2) Problems encountered in the application of infographic media related to the process of delivering infographics in the classroom, the process of making media is not optimal, and infrastructure facilities. Based on the results of the study, suggestions for future researchers, namely the need to develop infographic media through digital media because printing costs too much money. In addition, the design of infographic media should be connected with contextual examples.
ABSTRAK
Kurangya minat baca siswa pada mata pelajarn IPS kelas viii MTs Ahmad Yani jabung menjadi alasan diterapkanya media Infografis untuk menigkan minat baca tersebut. Sehingga penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui Implementasi Media Pembelajaran Infografis Pada Mata Pelajaran Ips Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Baca Siswa Kelas Viii Mts Ahmad Yani Jabung dan Mengetahui hambatan implementasi media infografis untuk Mingkatkan Minat Baca Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Melalui Media Infografis Kelas VIII Mts Ahmad Yani Jabung. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII MTs Ahmad Yani Jabung dalam pembelajaran IPS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) penerapan infografis yang menjadi media dalam pembelajaran IPS memiliki beberapa manfaat dan keunggulan bagi guru maupun peserta didik. 2) Problematika yang dihadapi dalam penerapan media infografis berkaitan dengan proses penyampaian infografis didalam kelas, proses pembuatan media kurang maksimal, dan sarana prasaran. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, saran bagi peneliti selanjutnya, yaitu perlu dikembangkan media infografis melalui media digital karena biaya cetak terlalu memakan banyak biaya. Selain itu, desain dari media infografis sebaiknya dihubungkan dengan contoh-contoh yang kontekstual.
Adsorption of Cationic Malachite Green Dye using Easily Separated Adsorbent of Magnetized Coal Fly Ash
Authors: Romadhona Miftakhul , Aprilita Nurul Hidayat , Mudasir Mudasir 
Published: December 2024

A study on the synthesis of magnetized adsorbents from coal fly ash (FA) for the adsorption of malachite green (MG) dye has been conducted. The method involves acid activation and ferrite magnetization of FA. The activation of FA was performed by mixing it in an HCl solution, while the magnetization was carried out by the coprecipitation method using the molar ratio of 1:2 of Fe2+/Fe3+. The magnetized coal fly ash adsorbent (FA/Fe3O4) was then utilized to adsorb the MG dye, and the results were compared with that adsorbed by activated fly ash (AFA). Characterization of the materials was carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The optimized parameters in the adsorption study were pH, adsorbent mass, contact time, and initial concentration. The optimum conditions for the adsorption of MG dye with AFA and FA/Fe3O4 are obtained at pH 7, the adsorbent mass of 0.1 and 0.25 g respectively, a contact time of 45 minutes, and the initial concentration of MG dye of 175 ppm. The MG adsorption on both adsorbents follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and can be best described by the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model. The synthesized adsorbent is prospective as it is low cost and easily separable from the solution using an external magnet after adsorption.
Keywords: Adsorption, coal fly ash, magnetite, malachite green
PROBLEMATIKA PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI BLOCKCHAIN DI SEKTOR INDUSTRI JASA KEUANGAN INDONESIA
Authors: Putri Livia Azzura , Kharisma Dona Budi 
Published: December 2024

<p align="center"><em>T</em><em>his articles aim to identify legal problems in the use of Blockchain technology in the financial services industry in Indonesia. In addition, this study also analyzes the</em></p><p><em>urgency of forming laws and regulations on Blockchain technology in the Indonesian financial services industry sector. This type of research is normative legal research. The research approach used in this research is the statute approach. Legal materials used in this research are primary and secondary legal materials. The data collection technique used is literature study. The results showed that Blockchain technology has been utilized in several sectors of the financial services industry in Indonesia. However, the use of Blockchain technology still leaves some room for problems. From the legal aspect, some of these problems include the absence of laws and regulations governing Blockchain, risk and legal issue the using Blockchain technology for Financial Crime and not optimal monitoring of the use of Blockchain technology. This condition certainly creates serious risks related to transaction security, data breaches and monetary system stability. In this regard, the use of Blockchain technology has an urgency to be regulated in the laws and regulations in Indonesia.</em></p>
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tobacco and alcohol use in the Russian Federation
Authors: Salagay O. O. , Sakharova G. M. , Antonov N. S. , Stadnik N. M. , Nikitina S. Yu. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The study is devoted to the analysis of the dynamics of the tobacco and alcohol use prevalence among the adult population during the COVID-19 pandemic.The purpose of the study: to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of tobacco and nicotine-containing products consumption among the adult population of the Russian Federation, men and women, as well as diﬀerent age groups.Materials and methods. The data source for calculations was microdata from the Sample observation of the health status of the population conducted by Rosstat in 2019–2022. The indicators characterizing the prevalence and intensity of tobacco and alcohol use by adults of diﬀerent age groups, men and women, as well as their relative changes in the pre-covid (2019), covid (2020–2021) and post-covid (2022) periods were calculated by the authors.Results. In 2019–2022, the prevalence of alcohol consumption among the adult population, men and women decreased annually. The largest relative decrease was noted in 2021 and amounted to –5.4% among the adult population, –4.3% among men and –6.1% among women. In 2022, the decline continued and amounted to –1.8%, –0.7% and –2.7%, respectively. In 2021, the maximum decrease in alcohol consumption was detected in the age groups of 15–24 years (–11.0% and –12.2%, respectively), which was replaced by signiﬁcant growth in 2022. A similar trend was found in relation to the prevalence of tobacco/ nicotine use. During 2020–2021, a decrease in the intensity of alcohol and tobacco use was noted.Conclusion. In general, the COVID-19 pandemic did not aﬀect the general trends in reducing tobacco and alcohol use among the adult population. The changes in the dynamics of their use (decrease) were temporary and were probably related to both health concerns and restrictions imposed during the pandemic period.
Unusual Alliance: Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis Coalesces with Meningioma – A Unique Case Study
Authors: Oommen Githa Rachel , Ahmad Sadaf , S Annapurneswari 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The occurrence of tumor-tumor metastasis (TTM) - the spread of one tumor to another - is extremely uncommon in clinical practice. In tumour-tumour metastasis (TTM), a main tumour functions as the recipient tumour, while a different tumour functions as the donor tumour. Meningioma is the most frequent benign tumour to house a metastasizing malignancy, making up 36% of intracranial tumours.
Case report:
The patient is a 75-year-old male who presented with 5 episodes of GTCS associated with difficulty in walking. There is no history of headache and vomiting. MRI brain showed right frontal SOL, and an FDG PET CT scan showed it as a metabolically active solid-cystic hemorrhagic lesion. Microscopy revealed a neoplasm with two distinct histological components composed of nests and sheets of cells with vesicular nuclei and clear cytoplasm on the one hand and a whorled tumour with nuclear pseudo inclusions on the other. On Immunohistochemistry, the neoplastic clear cells were positive for CK, CD10, CA-9, Vimentin, and AMACR revealing its renal origin.
Discussion
There are not many instances of tumor-to-meningioma metastases, and there's no set standard of care. Surgical excision appears to be the most common option, occasionally followed by chemotherapy and postoperative radiation.
Conclusion
Tumor-to-tumor metastasis is an uncommon condition that doctors should be aware of. An original extracranial tumour with a positive history should elevate the possibility of tumour-to-tumour spread.
Identification of Biomarkers and Mechanisms for Keloid Disorder based on Comprehensive Bioinformatics Analysis and Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Zheng Bowen , Qiao Jianxiong , Yu Xiaoping , Zhou Hanghang , Wang Anqi , Zhang Xuanfen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Keloid disorder (KD) is a group of fibroproliferative skin disorders characterized by hypervascularity and excessive accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and affects individuals of all age groups. The etiology of KD is complex and still poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate biomarkers and therapeutic targets in KD on the basis of comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and machine learning of RNA autosequencing data.
Methods
Thirteen skin tissues from KD patients (KD samples) and 14 normal control skin tissues (control samples) were collected for RNA sequencing. Initially, differentially expressed key module genes were acquired through expression analysis with weighted gene coexpression network analysis, followed by enrichment analysis. The 10 candidate genes obtained via the CytoHubba plugin were subsequently incorporated into the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) to recognize feature genes associated with KD. Furthermore, biomarkers were determined via expression level analysis, followed by enrichment analysis and immunoinfiltration analysis to elucidate the pathogenesis of KD.
Results
A total of 420 differentially expressed key module genes were identified, and these 420 genes were enriched in collagen- and bone-associated biological functions, including “collagen fibril organization” and “bone development”. With respect to the 10 candidate genes, five feature genes were subsequently obtained through LASSO and SVM-RFE, and among them, NID2, MFAP2, COL8A1, and P4HA3 had significant expression differences between the KD and control samples as well as consistent expression patterns in both datasets; these genes were considered biomarkers. These four biomarkers had excellent abilities to diagnose KD patients, and there were significant positive correlations between these four biomarkers. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that the main enriched KEGG pathways for biomarkers were “steroid hormone biosynthesis”, “cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction”, etc. Furthermore, immune analysis suggested that four biomarkers were negatively linked to type 17 T helper cells and positively linked to 15 immune cells (activated B cells, central memory CD4 T cells, etc.).
Conclusion
NID2, MFAP2, COL8A1, and P4HA3 were identified as biomarkers for KD, providing more targeted and effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for KD.
On-site quantitative detection of fentanyl in heroin by machine learning- enabled SERS on superabsorbing metasurfaces
Authors: Zhu Yingkun , Song Haomin , Liu Ruiying , Mu Yunyun , Gedda Murali , Alodhay Abdullah N. , Ying Lei , Gan Qiaoqiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The global surge in opioid misuse, particularly fentanyl, presents a formidable public health challenge, highlighted by increasing drug-related mortalities. Our study introduces a novel approach for on-site quantitative detection of fentanyl in heroin, employing machine learning-enabled surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) on superabsorbing metasurfaces. The metasurface enables superior light absorption (> 90%) across a broad wavelength range (580–1100 nm). This architecture facilitates significant electromagnetic field enhancement, over 2.19 × 107, ensuring high sensitivity, uniformity, and reproducibility. Our method precisely captured SERS signals across a detection range of 1 to 100 µg/mL in fentanyl solutions, fentanyl-heroin mixtures, and fentanyl-spiked saliva, demonstrating its versatility and practical utility. Incorporation of partial least squares regression into our analysis achieved over 93% accuracy in concentration predictions, eliminating the need for pre-data processing or specialized personnel. This marks a key advancement in rapid, accurate fentanyl detection, aiding the fight against the opioid crisis and improving public health safety.
Asymptomatic compensatory overload in haemophilia patients is visualized as “vertical” and “diagonal” patterns in deep learning-based surface temperature analysis
Authors: Mawarikado Yuya , Sakata Asuka , Shima Midori , Hosoda Chihiro , Matsumoto Naoki , Kawasaki Ryohei , Ogiwara Kenichi , Furukawa Shoko , Shimonishi Naruto , Soeda Tetsuhiro , Tatsumi Kohei , Inagaki Yusuke , Kido Akira , Nogami Keiji 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Haemophilia is a bleeding disorder caused by deficiencies in factor VIII or IX, leading to bleeding in deep tissues and haemophilic arthropathy (HA). Surgical treatments like synovectomy or joint replacement can alleviate symptoms but often result in severe pain. Secondary injuries may occur in non-affected body parts due to compensatory overloading. This study explores using infrared thermography (IRT) to monitor whole-body surface temperatures in haemophilia patients to detect early signs of overload and prevent further injury by visualizing compensatory load distribution.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted involving 24 haemophilia participants aged 6-76 years, experiencing pain after active bleeding, after orthopaedic surgery, or with HA. Thermal images were captured using IRT and analysed with deep learning for whole-body mapping and temperature comparison between symmetrical body regions.
Results: Temperature increases indicating overload were observed in body areas ipsilateral (vertical pattern) or contralateral (diagonal pattern) to the painful site. These patterns were detected in 13 of 14 participants with HA, all participants after orthopaedic surgery, and 5 of 6 participants with active bleeding.
Conclusion: The temperature increases, which may reflect the physical load, occurred in areas other than the painful area. When PwH present with pain, the surrounding area, especially in the diagonal and/or vertical position, may be under strain, even if it is asymptomatic, and requires careful observation and treatment. Our findings may be useful not only for supporting the diagnosis of haemorrhage and local inflammation but also for supporting such treatment decisions.
The Accessory Protein ORF3a Hijacks CLCC1 Chloride Channel to Cause ER Dysfunction in Beta-coronavirus Pathogenesis
Authors: guo liang , Huang Baoying , Yu Hanzhi , Xu Yi , Wei Lei , zheng Jijie , li yuanzhe , Wu Di , Zhao Peng , Wu Changcheng , Tan Wenjie , Jia Yichang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis is crucial for host cells and is influenced by beta-coronaviruses upon invasion. However, the mechanisms by which viral proteins interact with ER-resident host factors to modulate ER functions and morphology remain poorly understood. The accessory protein ORF3a of SARS-CoV-2 plays a pivotal role in viral pathogenesis and modulating host immune responses. The ER-localized chloride channel CLCC1 has been identified as a strong interaction partner of ORF3a, yet the consequences of this interaction are not fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that ORF3a interacts with CLCC1 to modulate ER ion homeostasis, including increased ER luminal [Cl−], [K+], and decreased ER [Ca2+], and to trigger unfolded protein responses. The ORF3a-CLCC1 interaction is linked to ER phagy and nucleophagy, monitored by newly developed ratiometric reporters. Mechanistically, ORF3a induces the formation of endogenous CLCC1 puncta, while overexpression of CLCC1 attenuates ORF3a-associated toxicity by sequestering ORF3a within the ER. Furthermore, the conservation of ORF3a functions across beta-coronaviruses suggests it is a potential therapeutic target and uncovers ORF3a-mediated phenotypes spatiotemporally. In addition, ORF3a expression in mouse brains causes ER stress, ER phagy, nucleophagy, and endomembrane reorganization, shedding light on the neurological manifestations and long-term effects observed in COVID-19 patients.
Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Among Clinical Physiotherapy Students Following Prolonged Lecturers Strike in a Sub-Haran University
Authors: Okonkwo Uchenna Prosper , Udechukwu Ray-Thelma Chisonyerem , Amaechi Ifeoma Adaigwe , Mbanuzuru Ahoma Victor , Okafor Christiana Nkiru , Tamu John Bosco Munezero , Daniel Jovita Ada 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To determine the prevalence of anxiety, and depressive symptoms among clinical physiotherapy students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University following the prolonged lecturers (teachers) strike in 2022.
Methods
This cross-sectional survey consecutively recruited 131 physiotherapy undergraduates of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, in clinical classes. The research instruments were a socio-demographic questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and a Chi-square inferential statistical test at an alpha level 0.05.
Results: The majority of the participants were between 18-23 years of age, 75 (57.25%) of the participants were in their fourth year of study (400 level), while 56 (42.75%) of the participants were in their fifth year of study (500 level). The prevalence of anxiety and depression within the population of the study were 20.6% and 4.6% respectively. There was a significant association between the pairs of anxiety symptoms and gender (p=0.017); depressive symptoms and gender (p=0.008), with members of the male gender presenting more significant cases of anxiety and depressive symptoms.
Conclusion
The prevalence of depression and anxiety within the population of study were relatively high, and actively associated with gender.