bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward Rigorous Materials Production: New Approach Methodologies Have Extensive Potential to Improve Current Safety Assessment Practices
Authors: Nymark Penny , Bakker Martine , Dekkers Susan , Franken Remy , Fransman Wouter , García‐Bilbao Amaia , Greco Dario , Gulumian Mary , Hadrup Niels , Halappanavar Sabina , Hongisto Vesa , Hougaard Karin Sørig , Jensen Keld Alstrup , Kohonen Pekka , Koivisto Antti Joonas , Dal Maso Miikka , Oosterwijk Thies , Poikkimäki Mikko , Rodriguez‐Llopis Isabel , Stierum Rob , Sørli Jorid Birkelund , Grafström Roland 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAdvanced material development, including at the nanoscale, comprises costly and complex challenges coupled to ensuring human and environmental safety. Governmental agencies regulating safety have announced interest toward acceptance of safety data generated under the collective term New Approach Methodologies (NAMs), as such technologies/approaches offer marked potential to progress the integration of safety testing measures during innovation from idea to product launch of nanomaterials. Divided in overall eight main categories, searchable databases for grouping and read across purposes, exposure assessment and modeling, in silico modeling of physicochemical structure and hazard data, in vitro high‐throughput and high‐content screening assays, dose‐response assessments and modeling, analyses of biological processes and toxicity pathways, kinetics and dose extrapolation, consideration of relevant exposure levels and biomarker endpoints typify such useful NAMs. Their application generally agrees with articulated stakeholder needs for improvement of safety testing procedures. They further fit for inclusion and add value in nanomaterials risk assessment tools. Overall 37 of 50 evaluated NAMs and tiered workflows applying NAMs are recommended for considering safer‐by‐design innovation, including guidance to the selection of specific NAMs in the eight categories. An innovation funnel enriched with safety methods is ultimately proposed under the central aim of promoting rigorous nanomaterials innovation.
Optimizing beta cell function through mesenchymal stromal cell-mediated mitochondria transfer
Authors: Rackham Chloe L. , Hubber Ella L. , Czajka Anna , Malik Afshan N. , King Aileen J. F. , Jones Peter M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPretransplant islet culture is associated with the loss of islet cell mass and insulin secretory function. Insulin secretion from islet β-cells is primarily controlled by mitochondrial ATP generation in response to elevations in extracellular glucose. Coculture of islets with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) improves islet insulin secretory function in vitro, which correlates with superior islet graft function in vivo. This study aimed to determine whether the improved islet function is associated with mitochondrial transfer from MSCs to cocultured islets. We have demonstrated mitochondrial transfer from human adipose MSCs to human islet β-cells in coculture. Fluorescence imaging showed that mitochondrial transfer occurs, at least partially, through tunneling nanotube (TNT)-like structures. The extent of mitochondrial transfer to clinically relevant human islets was greater than that to experimental mouse islets. Human islets are subjected to more extreme cellular stressors than mouse islets, which may induce “danger signals” for MSCs, initiating the donation of MSC-derived mitochondria to human islet β-cells. Our observations of increased MSC-mediated mitochondria transfer to hypoxia-exposed mouse islets are consistent with this and suggest that MSCs are most effective in supporting the secretory function of compromised β-cells. Ensuring optimal MSC-derived mitochondria transfer in preculture and/or cotransplantation strategies could be used to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs, thus enabling the more widespread application of clinical islet transplantation.
Typifications and nomenclatural notes in Physalis (Solanaceae) from the United States
Authors: Pretz Chelsea , Deanna Rocío 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPhysalis is an economically important and morphologically diverse genus of plants with solitary flowers and fruits that are enveloped by an inflated fruiting calyx. Although work to resolve phylogenetic relationships in this clade is ongoing, Physalis remains a taxonomically complex genus with multiple nomenclatural problems. Here, we review 28 species from the United States and their synonyms as well as clarification on the status of their types. We propose 53 typifications. We select a lectotype for 49 names and a neotype for three names (P. ixocarpa, P. linkiana, P. ramosissima). We additionally designate an epitype for P. longifolia.
Power generation control of a hydrostatic wind turbine implemented by model‐free adaptive control scheme
Authors: Lin Shuyue , Qi Pengyuan , Zhao Xiaowei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe hydrostatic wind turbine (HWT) is a type of wind turbine that uses hydrostatic transmission (HST) drivetrain to replace the traditional gearbox drivetrain. Without the fragile and expensive gearbox and power converters, HWT can potentially reduce the maintenance costs owing to the gearbox and power converter failures in wind power system, especially in offshore cases. We design an MFAC torque controller to regulate the pump torque of the HWT and compared with an
torque controller. Then we design an MFAC pitch controller to stabilise the rotor speed of HWT and compared with a gain‐scheduling proportional‐integral (PI) controller and a gain‐scheduling PI controller with antiwindup (PIAW). The results indicate that MFAC torque controller provides more effective tracking performance than the
controller and that MFAC pitch controller shows better rotor speed stabilisation performance in comparison with the gain‐scheduling PI controller and PIAW.
Nonparametric volatility prediction
Authors: Klemelä Jussi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractVolatility can be defined as the conditional expectation of the squared return of a financial asset. Many of the classical nonparametric regression estimators can be applied in volatility prediction. Examples of nonparametric estimators include moving averages and kernel estimators. However, it has been difficult to beat some parametric estimators from the generalized autoregressive conditionally heteroscedastic family using nonparametric estimators. We review some promising suggestions for nonparametric volatility prediction.This article is categorized under:Applications of Computational Statistics > Computational FinanceStatistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Nonparametric MethodsStatistical Models > Time Series Models
Male characteristics as predictors of genital color and display variation in vervet monkeys
Authors: Young Mirjam M. I. , Winters Sandra , Young Christopher , Weiß Brigitte M. , Troscianko Jolyon , Ganswindt André , Barrett Louise , Henzi S. Peter , Higham James P. , Widdig Anja 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the animal kingdom, conspicuous colors are often used for inter- and intra-sexual communication. Even though primates are the most colorful mammalian taxon, many questions, including what potential information color signals communicate to social partners, are not fully understood. Vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) are ideal to examine the covariates of color signals. Males have multi-colored genitals, which they present during distinctive male-male interactions, known as the “Red-White-and-Blue” (RWB) display, but the genitals are also visible across a variety of other contexts, and it is unclear what this color display signals to recipients. We recorded genital color presentations and standardized digital photos of male genitals (N = 405 photos) over one mating season for 20 adult males in three groups at the Samara Private Game Reserve, South Africa. We combined these with data on male characteristics (dominance, age, tenure length, injuries, and fecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations). Using visual modeling methods, we measured single colors (red, white, blue) but also the contrasts between colors. We assessed the frequency of the RWB genital display and male variation in genital coloration and linked this to male characteristics. Our data suggest that the number of genital displays increased with male dominance. However, none of the variables investigated explained the inter- and intra-individual variation in male genital coloration. These results suggest that the frequency of the RWB genital display, but not its color value, is related to dominance, providing valuable insights on covariation in color signals and their display in primates.Significance statementConspicuous colors in animals often communicate individual quality to mates and rivals. By investigating vervet monkeys, a primate species in which males present their colorful genitals within several behavioral displays, we aim to identify the covariates of such colorful signals and their behavioral display. Using visual modeling methods for the color analysis and combining behavioral display data and color data with male characteristics, we found that high-ranking males displayed their colorful genitals more frequently than lower-ranking ones. In contrast, color variation was not influenced by male dominance, age, tenure length, or health. Our results can serve as a basis for future investigations on the function of colorful signals and behavioral displays, such as a badge of status or mate choice in primates.
Edoxaban versus warfarin in vitamin K antagonist experienced and naïve patients from the edoxaban versus warfarin in subjects undergoing cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (ENSURE-AF) randomised trial
Authors: Kozieł Monika , Al-Saady Naab , Hjortshøj Søren P. , Goudev Assen , Huber Kurt , Cohen Ariel , Jin James , Melino Michael , Winters Shannon M. , Goette Andreas , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
In ENSURE-AF study, edoxaban had similar efficacy and safety profile versus enoxaparin–warfarin (enox–warf) in patients undergoing electrical cardioversion of non-valvular atrial fibrillation.

Objectives
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of edoxaban versus enox–warf in patients who were vitamin K antagonists (VKA) naïve or experienced at time of randomisation into ENSURE-AF trial.

Methods
The primary efficacy endpoint was a composite of stroke, systemic embolic event, myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death during the overall study period, 28 days on study drug after cardioversion and 30 days follow-up. The primary safety endpoint was the composite of major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding during the on-medication period from time of first dose to last dose of study drug taken + 3 days.

Results
Of 2199 patients enrolled in ENSURE-AF, 1095 were randomised to edoxaban and 1104 to enox–warf. There were numerically fewer primary efficacy endpoint events with edoxaban than enox–warf irrespective of whether VKA experienced or naïve (0.5% vs. 0.9%, 0.3% vs. 1.4%, respectively). There were no significant differences in the primary safety endpoint [odds ratio (OR) 2.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.72–6.81 in anticoagulant experienced patients, OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.15–3.60 in anticoagulant naïve patients] and in major bleeding rates regardless of treatment or VKA experience (OR 0.69, 95%CI 0.06–6.04, OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.01–9.25, respectively).

Conclusions
Edoxaban had comparable efficacy and safety to optimized anticoagulation with enox–warf. The primary efficacy and safety endpoint outcomes were broadly similar between VKA experienced or naïve patients.
Restoration of intestinal continuity after stoma formation for Crohn’s disease in the era of biological therapy
Authors: Müller Catharina , Bergmann Michael , Stift Anton , Argeny Stanislaus , Speake Doug , Unger Lukas , Riss Stefan 
Published: January 2020

SummaryBackgroundThe rate of restoration of intestinal continuity after colonic resection and stoma creation in patients with Crohn’s disease has not been well-documented in the era of biologics. Thus, the incidence of restoration of intestinal continuity since the introduction of biological drugs was assessed.MethodsConsecutive patients (n = 43) who underwent colonic resection with ileostomy or colostomy formation for Crohn’s disease at a single tertiary referral center between 2002 and 2014 were identified. Data from individual chart review were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were personally contacted for follow-up.ResultsOf the 43 patients 8 (18.4%) had a proctectomy leaving 35 patients (81.4%) with the rectum preserved. Of the 30 patients qualifying for final analysis restoration of bowel continuity was finally achieved in 10 patients (33.3%). Permanent stoma rates were comparable in the group of patients with and without biological therapy after surgery (64.3% vs. 60%). The median follow-up period was 7 years (range 3–15 years). Of the patients 20 suffered from perianal disease involvement (66.7%), which was associated with a higher rate of permanent stoma (n = 16/20, 80%) in contrast to patients without perianal disease (n = 4/10, 40%,p = 0.045).ConclusionThe overall incidence of stoma formation was low for patients with Crohn’s disease; however, once a stoma is created the chance of ending up with a permanent stoma is high even in the era of biologics. Despite the use of new therapeutic agents perianal disease increases the risk of a permanent stoma.
Aptamer-based cocaine assay using a nanohybrid composed of ZnS/Ag2Se quantum dots, graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles as a fluorescent probe
Authors: Adegoke Oluwasesan , Pereira-Barros Magda A. , Zolotovskaya Svetlana , Abdolvand Amin , Daeid Niamh Nic 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAuthors report on a new fluoro-graphene-plasmonic nanohybrid aptamer-based fluorescent nanoprobe for cocaine. To construct the nanoprobe, newly synthesized glutathione-capped ZnS/Ag2Se quantum dots (QDs) were first conjugated to graphene oxide (GO) to form a QD-GO nanocomposite. The binding interaction resulted in a fluorescence turn-ON. Thereafter, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were directly adsorbed on the QD-GO nanocomposite to form a novel QD-GO-CTAB-AuNP nanohybrid assembly that resulted in a fluorescence turn-OFF. Streptavidin (strep) was then adsorbed on the QDs-GO-CTAB-AuNP nanohybrid assembly which allowed binding to a biotinylated MNS 4.1 anticocaine DNA aptamer (B) receptor. The addition of cocaine into the strep-B-QDs-GO-CTAB-AuNP aptamer nanoprobe system aided affinity to the aptamer receptor and in turn turned on the fluorescence of the nanoprobe in a concentration-dependent manner. Under optimum experimental conditions, we found the strep-B-QD-GO-CTAB-AuNP to be far superior in its sensitivity to cocaine than the tested strep-B-QDs (no GO and CTAB-AuNPs), strep-B-QD-CTAB-AuNP (no GO) and strep-B-QD-GO (no CTAB-AuNP). In addition, the investigation of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) amplified signal from tested plasmonic NPs shows that CTAB-AuNPs was far superior in amplifying the fluorescence signal of the nanoprobe. A detection limit of 4.6 nM (1.56 ng.mL−1), rapid response time (~2 min) and excellent selectivity against other drugs, substances and cocaine metabolites was achieved. The strep-B-QD-GO-CTAB-AuNP aptamer-based fluorescent nanoprobe was successfully applied for the determination of cocaine in seized adulterated cocaine samples.
Presence of active MRI lesions in patients suspected of non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis with high disease activity and chance at conversion after a 6-month follow-up period
Authors: Rusman Tamara , John Marie-Luise B. , van der Weijden Mignon A. C. , Boden Bouke J. H. , van der Bijl Carmella M. A. , Bruijnen Stefan T. G. , van der Laken Conny J. , Nurmohamed Mike T. , van der Horst-Bruinsma Irene E. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objectives
The primary aim is to evaluate signs of inflammation on MRI of sacroiliac joints (SIJ)/spine in inflammatory back pain (IBP) patients suspected of nr-axSpA with high disease activity. Secondary aims are to describe the onset of new inflammatory lesions at MRI after 6 months and to evaluate gender differences in the presence of inflammation.

Method
Consecutively, patients with IBP with at least two spondyloarthritis features, high disease activity (BASDAI ≥ 4), and who were TNFi naïve, had a MRI of SIJ and spine. In the absence of active lesions, MRI was repeated after 6 months. MRI images were scored according to the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada method.

Results
Sixty-nine patients were included (53% female), of whom 39% showed signs of inflammation at the first MRI: 30.9% of the SIJ, 19.1% of the spine and 2.4% at both sites, irrespective of the CRP levels. Males more often showed inflammatory signs at the MRI of the SIJ and spine compared with females (45.5% vs. 33.3%). Consistently, the median SPARCC score was higher in males: for SIJ 14.0 (IQR 2.3–25.0) and for spine 11.5 (IQR 8.5–25.6). Only one patient (4.7%) without baseline inflammatory signs showed active lesions of SIJ after 6 months.

Conclusions
Almost 40% of the IBP patients suspected of nr-axSpA, with high disease activity, showed inflammatory lesions on MRI of SIJ and/or spine, which occurred more often in males compared with females. In the majority (95.3%), an MRI without inflammatory lesions remained negative after 6 months despite high disease activity.Key Points• Forty percent of inflammatory back pain patients with high disease activity showed inflammatory signs on MRI of the SIJ and/or spine.• Only 4% of baseline MRIs without inflammatory signs at baseline conversed to an MRI with inflammatory signs after 6 months.• Male inflammatory back pain patients with high disease activity showed more often inflammatory signs on MRI compared with females.
Catering to Otherness: Levinasian Consumer Ethics at Restaurant Day
Authors: Hietanen Joel , Sihvonen Antti 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere is a rich tradition of inquiry in consumer research into how collective consumption manifests in various forms and contexts. While this literature has shown how group cohesion prescribes ethical and moral positions, our study explores how ethicality can arise from consumers and their relations in a more emergent fashion. To do so, we present a Levinasian perspective on consumer ethics through a focus on Restaurant Day, a global food carnival that is organized by consumers themselves. Our ethnographic findings highlight a non-individualistic way of approaching ethical subjectivity that translates into acts of catering to the needs of other people and the subversion of extant legislation by foregrounding personal responsibility. These findings show that while consumer gatherings provide participants a license to temporarily subvert existing roles, they also allow the possibility of ethical autonomy when the mundane rules of city life are renegotiated. These sensibilities also create ‘ethical surplus’, which is an affective excess of togetherness. In the Levinasian register, Restaurant Day thus acts as an inarticulable ‘remainder’—a trace of the possibility of being able to live otherwise alongside one another in city contexts.
Absence of Functional Nav1.8 Channels in Non-diseased Atrial and Ventricular Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Casini Simona , Marchal Gerard A. , Kawasaki Makiri , Nariswari Fransisca A. , Portero Vincent , van den Berg Nicoline W.E. , Guan Kaomei , Driessen Antoine H.G. , Veldkamp Marieke W. , Mengarelli Isabella , de Groot Joris R. , Verkerk Arie O. , Remme Carol Ann 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Several studies have indicated a potential role for SCN10A/NaV1.8 in modulating cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmia susceptibility. However, by which mechanism SCN10A/NaV1.8 impacts on cardiac electrical function is still a matter of debate. To address this, we here investigated the functional relevance of NaV1.8 in atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes (CMs), focusing on the contribution of NaV1.8 to the peak and late sodium current (INa) under normal conditions in different species.

Methods
The effects of the NaV1.8 blocker A-803467 were investigated through patch-clamp analysis in freshly isolated rabbit left ventricular CMs, human left atrial CMs and human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived CMs (hiPSC-CMs).

Results
A-803467 treatment caused a slight shortening of the action potential duration (APD) in rabbit CMs and hiPSC-CMs, while it had no effect on APD in human atrial cells. Resting membrane potential, action potential (AP) amplitude, and AP upstroke velocity were unaffected by A-803467 application. Similarly, INa density was unchanged after exposure to A-803467 and NaV1.8-based late INa was undetectable in all cell types analysed. Finally, low to absent expression levels of SCN10A were observed in human atrial tissue, rabbit ventricular tissue and hiPSC-CMs.

Conclusion
We here demonstrate the absence of functional NaV1.8 channels in non-diseased atrial and ventricular CMs. Hence, the association of SCN10A variants with cardiac electrophysiology observed in, e.g. genome wide association studies, is likely the result of indirect effects on SCN5A expression and/or NaV1.8 activity in cell types other than CMs.
Reconsidering the Evidence That Systematic Phonics Is More Effective Than Alternative Methods of Reading Instruction
Authors: Bowers Jeffrey S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere is a widespread consensus in the research community that reading instruction in English should first focus on teaching letter (grapheme) to sound (phoneme) correspondences rather than adopt meaning-based reading approaches such as whole language instruction. That is, initial reading instruction should emphasize systematic phonics. In this systematic review, I show that this conclusion is not justified based on (a) an exhaustive review of 12 meta-analyses that have assessed the efficacy of systematic phonics and (b) summarizing the outcomes of teaching systematic phonics in all state schools in England since 2007. The failure to obtain evidence in support of systematic phonics should not be taken as an argument in support of whole language and related methods, but rather, it highlights the need to explore alternative approaches to reading instruction.
Time-dependent transcriptome profile of genes involved in triacylglycerol (TAG) and polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis in Nannochloropsis gaditana during nitrogen starvation
Authors: Janssen Jorijn H. , Spoelder Jacco , Koehorst Jasper J. , Schaap Peter J. , Wijffels René H. , Barbosa Maria J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this research, the gene expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism of the eustigmatophyte alga Nannochloropsis gaditana was measured by transcriptomic data. This microalga can be used as a source of triacylglycerol (TAG) and the omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Insight in TAG and EPA production and regulation are needed to improve their productivity. Nitrogen starvation induces TAG accumulation in N. gaditana. Previous research showed that during nitrogen starvation, EPA was translocated from the polar lipids to TAG and de novo synthesized in N. gaditana. Therefore, the expression levels of genes involved in fatty acid translocation and de novo TAG synthesis were measured. Furthermore, the genes involved in de novo EPA synthesis such as elongases and desaturases were studied. The expression levels were measured during the first hours of nitrogen starvation and the subsequent period of 14 days. One phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT) gene involved in translocation of fatty acids from membrane lipids to TAG was upregulated. In addition, several lipases were upregulated, suggesting that these enzymes might be responsible for the translocation of EPA to TAG. Most desaturases and elongases involved in de novo EPA synthesis were downregulated during nitrogen starvation, except for Δ9 desaturase which was upregulated. This upregulation correlates with the increase in oleic acid. Due to the presence of many hypothetical genes, improvement in annotation is needed to increase our understanding of these pathways and their regulation.