bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perianal Paget’s disease as spread from non‐invasive colorectal adenomas
Authors: Hutchings Danielle , Windon Annika , Assarzadegan Naziheh , Salimian Kevan J , Voltaggio Lysandra , Montgomery Elizabeth A 
Published: July 2020

AimsPaget’s disease of the perianal skin is a rare form of extramammary Paget’s disease, and may be a primary intraepithelial adnexal neoplasm or secondary due to spread from an underlying colorectal lesion, nearly always colorectal adenocarcinoma. Secondary perianal Paget’s disease associated with non‐invasive colorectal adenomas is exceedingly uncommon, with only a few reported cases.Methods and resultsHerein, we present the clinical and pathological features of the largest series of secondary perianal Paget’s disease arising in association with colorectal adenomas. There was gender parity and the median age was 72 years (range = 68–76 years). In all cases, perianal Paget’s disease was associated with colorectal adenomas, including three (75%) conventional tubular adenomas and one (25%) tubulovillous adenoma with serrated foci. All adenomas had high‐grade dysplasia and one had intramucosal adenocarcinoma (lamina propria invasion; Tis), but all lacked submucosal invasion. The intraepithelial Paget’s cells showed a colorectal phenotype by immunohistochemistry in all cases. At follow‐up, two patients had no evidence of disease at 6 and 87 months, one had residual perianal Paget’s disease at 8 months and one developed invasive adenocarcinoma of the perianal tissue at 36 months.ConclusionsSimilar to its mammary analogue, secondary perianal Paget’s disease may arise in association with invasive and/or in‐situ colorectal lesions. Although the latter is an uncommon presentation of a recognised rare disease, knowledge of this phenomenon is important to forestall overdiagnosis of invasion and potential overtreatment. The clinical course is variable, such that close follow‐up is required.
Development of DNA controls for detection of β‐thalassemia mutations commonly found in Asian
Authors: Munkongdee Thongperm , Nualkaew Tiwaporn , Buasuwan Nattrika , Hinna Nurmeeha , Paiboonsukwong Kittiphong , Sripichai Orapan , Svasti Saovaros , Winichagoon Pranee , Fucharoen Suthat , Jearawiriyapaisarn Natee 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionSeveral DNA‐based approaches including a reverse dot‐blot hybridization (RDB) have been established for detection of β‐thalassemia genotypes to provide accurate genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for prevention and control of severe β‐thalassemia. However, one of major concerns of these techniques is a risk of misdiagnosis due to a lack of DNA controls. Here, we constructed positive DNA controls for β‐thalassemia genotyping in order to ensure that all steps in the analysis are performed properly.MethodsFour recombinant β‐globin plasmids, including a normal sequence and three different mutant panels covering 10 common β‐thalassemia mutations in Asia, were constructed by a conventional cloning method followed by sequential rounds of site‐directed mutagenesis. These positive DNA controls were further validated by RDB analysis.ResultsWe demonstrated the applicability of established positive DNA controls for β‐thalassemia genotyping in terms of accuracy and reproducibility by RDB analysis. We further combined three mutant β‐globin plasmids into a single positive control, which showed positive signals for both normal and mutant probes of all tested mutations. Therefore, only two positive DNA controls, normal and combined mutant β‐globin plasmids, are required for detecting 10 common β‐thalassemia mutations by RDB, reducing the cost, time, and efforts in the routine diagnosis.ConclusionThe β‐globin DNA controls established here provide efficient alternatives to a conventional DNA source from peripheral blood, which is more difficult to obtain. They also provide a platform for future development of β‐globin plasmid controls with other mutations, which can also be suitable for other DNA‐based approaches.
Psychosocial issues during the treatment of non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Wildeman Sallian M. , van Golde Corine , Nooter Ronald I. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe psychosocial impact of intravesical therapy with Bacillus Calmette‐Guerin (BCG) and Mitomycine (MMC) is an issue that urological oncology nurses are confronted with. It was unclear to us as to how many patients are confronted with psychosocial issues during treatment and we wanted to gain more understanding regarding the impact of intravesical therapy with BCG or MMC. We could find only a few studies regarding quality of life and psychosocial issues of patients undergoing intravesical therapy. The aim of this study was to assess which psychosocial issues, patients are confronted with during intravesical therapy with BCG or MMC, and the impact thereof on daily life, social, emotional and physical well‐being. A quantitative study was conducted in a general hospital on 80 men and women undergoing intravesical therapy with BCG or MMC, aged between 40 and 94. Data were collected by using the EORTC BLS‐24, the Psychosocial Distress screening tool and a questionnaire collecting demographic data. Results from this study showed that 32% of the participants indicated that intravesical therapy had an impact on emotional and physical well‐being. Specific items were fatigue (55%), feeling out of shape/physical condition (39%), lack of sleep (34%) and muscle strength (23%). Emotional items were depression/gloom (28%), anxiety (28%), coping with emotions (28%) and self‐confidence (20%). In our study we observed a statistically significant difference between patients undergoing intravesical therapy with BCG or MMC. BCG intravesical therapy had more of a psychosocial impact, a statistically significant difference (P < .001). We also observed an increase in psychosocial burden over a period of time in participants undergoing BCG maintenance therapy. Nurses need to be aware that intravesical therapy does have an impact on daily life, social, emotional and physical well‐being, and that patients have psychosocial issues which need to be addressed.
Social value creation through digital activism in an online health community
Authors: Chamakiotis Petros , Petrakaki Dimitra , Panteli Niki 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe study explores how online health communities produce social value by uniting individuals under a common purpose, to advance healthcare in post‐conflict states. We selected MedicineAfrica – a digital platform known for creating social value by providing medical education in regions with under‐resourced healthcare systems – and drew on multiple data collection methods. We found that it is through a unique form of digital health activism that social value is created in this context. Drawing on a sociological understanding of digital health activism, we make the following contributions: First, we identify three types of non‐economic, social value: cognitive, professional and epistemic. Second, we indicate that social value creation is enabled by three emergent forms of digital health activism (ie, philanthropic, moral and reciprocal activity). Third, we elicit three enabling mechanisms explaining how these forms of activism are technically and socially afforded through the platform's connective capacity and emerging collective practices in tandem with its members' growing commitment. Our article contributes to the growing IS literature on digital activism by offering a framework that elucidates how digital health activism relates to social value creation. The article provides practical implications as to how platforms can enable sustainable online (health) communities.
The effect of process tailoring on software project performance: The role of team absorptive capacity and its knowledge‐based enablers
Authors: Lee Jung‐Chieh , Chou I‐Chia , Chen Chung‐Yang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSoftware process tailoring (SPT) is a team‐based and learning‐intensive activity that addresses the particular dynamic characteristics of a development project. Because SPT critically influences how projects are conducted, its performance should be investigated. However, the extant literature lacks empirical evidence on how the underlying effects of SPT performance and its team‐supportive factors operate and influence software project performance. From the knowledge perspective, this study adopts dynamic capabilities theory and considers the learning ability and absorptive capacity of software project teams to develop a theoretical model to address this gap. The results of an empirical examination of the model with 135 software project teams advance our understanding of how team‐level learning antecedents—experience, communication quality and trust—dynamically facilitate teams' absorptive capacity (AC) when they conduct SPT, which in turn reinforces project performance. The mediating effects of the proposed model are unveiled and discussed, and theoretical implications as well as practical guidance for how AC and these factors promote SPT and project performance are suggested.
Rapid and dramatic glucose‐lowering effect of bromocriptine in an inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes patient with prolactinoma
Authors: Igata Motoyuki , Yagi Yoshitaka , Hanatani Satoko , Sakaguchi Masaji , Ishii Norio , Yoshinaga Kayo , Kawashima Junji , Motoshima Hiroyuki , Araki Eiichi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDopamine receptor agonists are typically used to treat Parkinson’s disease and certain pituitary tumors, such as prolactinoma or a growth hormone‐producing tumor. A 53‐year‐old woman with a history of prolactinoma was referred to Kumamoto University Hospital (Kumamoto, Japan) with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. Her glycated hemoglobin and serum prolactin levels were increased (8.8% and 160.3 ng/mL, respectively). Bromocriptine, a dopamine D2 receptor agonist, was administered to reduce her serum prolactin level. Because bromocriptine‐QR (quick release) has been approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the USA, a continuous glucose monitoring system, FreeStyle Libre Pro, was utilized to examine the effect of bromocriptine on glycemic control. After the initial administration of bromocriptine, glucose levels were rapidly and dramatically ameliorated, and the time in range (70–180 mg/dL) improved from <50% to >90% between 1 week before and after the initial administration of bromocriptine.
The use of collagen porcine dermal matrix and connective tissue graft with modified coronally advanced tunnel technique in the treatment of multiple adjacent type I gingival recessions: A randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Rakasevic Dragana L. , Milinkovic Iva Z. , Jankovic Sasa M. , Soldatovic Ivan A. , Aleksic Zoran M. , Nikolic‐Jakoba Natasa S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the clinical efficacy and esthetic outcome of porcine‐derived dermal collagen matrix in comparison with connective tissue graft in the treatment of multiple adjacent gingival recessions (MAGR), 6 and 12 months after the surgery.Materials and methodsTwenty patients with bilateral type I MAGR were treated randomly with porcine‐derived dermal collagen matrix (test site) or connective tissue graft (control site) in combination with a modified coronally advanced tunnel technique. The primary objectives were to evaluate the mean and complete root coverage. The secondary objectives were to assess keratinized tissue width, gingival thickness gain, and root coverage esthetic score.ResultsSix and 12 months postoperatively, both groups achieved significant improvements in all clinical parameters compared to baseline, with no statistically significant differences between the groups. Mean root coverage change (Δ12m − 6 m) was statistically significant between the groups in favor of connective tissue graft, and twice as many patients exhibited a complete coverage of all recessions in the control group than the test group.ConclusionThe porcine‐derived dermal collagen matrix combined with a modified coronally advanced tunnel technique resulted in satisfactory clinical and esthetic outcomes, which were similar to connective tissue graft.Clinical significancePorcine‐derived dermal collagen matrix (XDM) may be proposed as a substitute for connective tissue graft in multiple adjacent recession treatment due to successful root coverage, a significant increase of gingival thickness, and high esthetic outcomes. The clinical benefits for the use of XDM could be: (a) second surgical wound avoidance, (b) patient discomfort decrease, and (c) lower complications' rate.
Ten‐year follow‐up of a randomized controlled clinical trial in chronic hepatitis delta
Authors: Wranke Anika , Hardtke Svenja , Heidrich Benjamin , Dalekos George , Yalçin Kendal , Tabak Fehmi , Gürel Selim , Çakaloğlu Yilmaz , Akarca Ulus S , Lammert Frank , Häussinger Dieter , Müller Tobias , Wöbse Michael , Manns Michael P. , Idilman Ramazan , Cornberg Markus , Wedemeyer Heiner , Yurdaydin Cihan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis. PEG‐interferon alpha‐2a (PEG‐IFNα‐2a) is the only effective treatment but its long‐term clinical impact is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the long‐term outcome after 48 weeks of pegylated interferon alpha‐2a therapy. We performed a retrospective follow‐up study of the Hep‐Net‐International‐Delta‐Hepatitis‐Intervention‐Study 1 (HIDIT‐I trial). Patients had received 48 weeks of treatment with either PEG‐IFNα‐2a plus adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) (Group I), PEG‐IFNα‐2a alone (Group II) or adefovir dipivoxil alone (Group III). Liver‐related complications were defined as liver‐related death, liver transplantation, liver cancer and hepatic decompensation defined as development of Child‐Pugh scores B or C or an increase in Model for End‐stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores of five or more points in relation to baseline values. Patients were considered for further analysis when they were retreated with PEG‐IFNα‐2a. Follow‐up data (at least 1 visit beyond post‐treatment week 24) were available for 60 patients [Group I, (n = 19), Group II (n = 20), Group III (n = 21)]. Mean time of follow‐up was 8.9 (1.6 ‐ 13.4) years. 19 patients were retreated with IFN‐based therapy: 42% (n = 8) in PEG‐IFNα‐2a arms and 58% (n = 11) in the adefovir only arm. Clinical complications on long‐term follow‐up occurred in 17 patients and were associated with nonresponse to therapy and baseline cirrhosis. The annual event‐free survival rate in patients with cirrhosis vs noncirrhotic patients at year 5 and 10 was 70% vs 91% and 35% vs 76%. Long‐term follow‐up of a large randomized clinical trial suggests that off‐treatment HDV RNA response to PEG‐IFNα‐2a treatment leads to improved clinical long‐term outcome.
Computed tomographic cervical myelography in horses: Technique and findings in 51 clinical cases
Authors: Gough Sarah L. , Anderson Jonathan D. C. , Dixon Jonathon J 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThree‐dimensional computed tomographic (CT) evaluation of the cervical vertebral column enables more accurate identification of osseous and soft tissue lesions than traditional latero‐lateral radiography. However, examination of the complete cervical vertebral column has been limited by horse size, preventing evaluation of the caudal cervical vertebrae.ObjectivesTo describe a technique to enable CT myelography of the complete cervical spine and describe the findings in 51 horses.AnimalsRecords of 51 horses presented for evaluation of cervical vertebral lesions.MethodsA retrospective review of clinical records from all horses presented for CT myelography to further investigate possible cervical vertebral lesions was performed. A description of a novel approach to CT myelography in horses and retrospective review of the findings in clinical cases has been included.ResultsDegenerative joint disease was identified at 1 or more dorsal articular process joint in 50/51 horses, of which 44/51 had a site of grade 2 or greater. Spinal cord compression was observed on CT myelography in 31/51 horses, whereas attenuation of the dorsal contrast column was identified radiographically in 11/50 horses. Thirty‐three horses showed narrowing or obliteration of the intervertebral foramina at 1 or more site and osteochondral fragments were seen in 11/51 horses.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceComputed tomography myelography is relatively safe and an easily performed technique with the correct equipment, enabling evaluation of the cervical vertebral structures of horses in all planes and volumetrically. It is possible that lesion extent might be underestimated with this diagnostic modality, hence interpretation should be complimented with flexed and extended views radiographically.
Shared geographic histories and dispersal contribute to congruent phylogenies between amphipods and their microsporidian parasites at regional and global scales
Authors: Park Eunji , Jorge Fátima , Poulin Robert 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn parasites that strongly rely on a host for dispersal, geographic barriers that act on the host will simultaneously influence parasite distribution as well. If their association persists over macroevolutionary time it may result in congruent phylogenetic and phylogeographic patterns due to shared geographic histories. Here, we investigated the level of congruent evolutionary history at a regional and global scale in a highly specialised parasite taxon infecting hosts with limited dispersal abilities: the microsporidians Dictyocoela spp. and their amphipod hosts. Dictyocoela can be transmitted both vertically and horizontally and is the most common microsporidian genus occurring in amphipods in Eurasia. However, little is known about its distribution elsewhere. We started by conducting molecular screening to detect microsporidian parasites in endemic amphipod species in New Zealand; based on phylogenetic analyses, we identified nine species‐level microsporidian taxa including six belonging to Dictyocoela. With a distance‐based cophylogenetic analysis at the regional scale, we identified overall congruent phylogenies between Paracalliope, the most common New Zealand freshwater amphipod taxon, and their Dictyocoela parasites. Also, hosts and parasites showed similar phylogeographic patterns suggesting shared biogeographic histories. Similarly, at a global scale, phylogenies of amphipod hosts and their Dictyocoela parasites showed broadly congruent phylogenies. The observed patterns may have resulted from covicariance and/or codispersal, suggesting that the intimate association between amphipods and Dictyocoela may have persisted over macroevolutionary time. We highlight that shared biogeographic histories could play a role in the codiversification of hosts and parasites at a macroevolutionary scale.
Plant genotypic diversity effects on soil nematodes vary with trophic level
Authors: Yan Jun , Zhang Youzheng , Crawford Kerri M. , Chen Xiaoyong , Yu Shuo , Wu Jihua 
Published: July 2020

Summary

At local spatial scales, loss of genetic diversity within species can lead to species loss. Few studies, however, have examined plant genotypic diversity effects across trophic levels.

We investigated genotypic diversity effects of Phragmites australis on belowground biomass and soil nematode communities.

Our results revealed that belowground plant biomass and nematode abundance responses to plant genotypic diversity were uncoupled. Decreasing plant genotypic diversity decreased the abundance of lower, but not higher trophic level nematodes. Low plant genotypic diversity also decreased the structural footprint and functional indices of nematodes, indicating lowered metabolic functioning of higher trophic level nematodes and decreased soil food web stability.

Our study suggests that plant genotypic diversity effects differ across trophic levels, taxonomic groups and ecosystem functions and that decreasing plant genotypic diversity could destabilise belowground food webs. This highlights the importance of conserving intraspecific plant diversity.
Corneal tissue properties following scleral lens wear using Scheimpflug imaging
Authors: Consejo Alejandra , Alonso‐Caneiro David , Wojtkowski Maciej , Vincent Stephen J 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effect of short‐term scleral lens wear on the corneal stroma at a macroscopic (thickness) and microscopic (within tissue) level, including regional variations.MethodsFourteen young, healthy participants wore a rotationally symmetric, 16.5 mm diameter, scleral lens for 8 h. Scheimpflug images were captured before, and immediately after, lens wear, and also on a second day (without lens wear) to quantify natural corneal diurnal variations. After corneal segmentation, pixel intensities of the stromal tissue were statistically modelled using a Weibull probability density function from which parameters α and β were derived.ResultsBoth α and β parameters increased significantly following scleral lens wear (by 5.7 ± 10% and 6.5 ± 6.5%, respectively, both p < 0.01). Corneal thickness also increased slightly following lens wear (mean increase 0.49 ± 1.77%, p = 0.01); however, the change in α and β parameters did not correlate with the magnitude of corneal swelling. On the control day, small but significant corneal thinning was observed (−0.82 ± 1.1%, p = 0.03), while α and β parameters remained stable. Both microparameters varied significantly across the cornea, with α decreasing (−15.4 ± 0.7%) and β increasing towards the periphery (+4.4 ± 2.6%) (both p < 0.001).ConclusionCorneal microparameters α and β varied regionally across the cornea and displayed a statistically significant increase following short‐term scleral lens wear, but remained stable between morning and evening measurements taken during a control day without lens wear. These corneal microparameters may be a useful metric to quantify subclinical corneal changes associated with low level hypoxia.
A narrative review of the survival of dental implants placed simultaneously with lateral sinus floor elevations without the use of graft materials
Authors: Kenyon P. , West N. , Claydon N. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis review aims to critically appraise the available evidence for the survival of implants placed simultaneously with sinus floor elevation without the use of grafting materials. The atrophic maxillary sinus may be restored with implants using a variety methods and adjunctive grafting techniques. The placement of implants in the atrophic maxillary sinus with and without bone grafting was reviewed in a systematic manner by considering the evidence presented in clinical studies. The initial search yielded 983 titles. Following title‐based, abstract‐based and full‐text evaluation 12 studies were identified, reporting on 1353 implants. Analysis identified a 98.38% survival rate at the point of uncovering. A further 0.3% of remaining implants were lost after 12 months and another 0.01% after 24 months. Beyond this point there were no further reported implant failures. Data were comparable for both grafted and ungrafted sinuses, with implants in ungrafted sinuses appearing to have a marginally higher success rate (98.11% vs. 97.87%).This review of implant data studies confirms that placing dental implants into maxillary sinuses with a graftless approach yields comparable implant survival to those cases that are grafted. This suggests that there is scope to simplify treatment protocols, decrease the risk of infection while maintaining treatment success and increase patient acceptance of sinus lift procedures.