bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-profile double plating versus dorsal LCP in stabilization of the olecranon fractures
Authors: Hoelscher-Doht Stefanie , Kladny A.-M. , Paul M. M. , Eden L. , Buesse M. , Meffert R. H. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Proximal ulna fractures are common in orthopaedic surgery. Comminuted fractures require a high primary stability by the osteosynthesis, to allow an early functional rehabilitation as fast as possible, to reduce long-term limitations of range of motion. Classical dorsal plating is related to wound healing problems due to the prominence of the implant. New low-profile double plates are available addressing the soft tissue problems by positioning the plates at the medial and lateral side. This study analysed whether, under high loading conditions, these new double plates provide an equivalent stability as compared to the rigid olecranon locking compression plate (LCP).

Materials and methods
In Sawbones, Mayo Type IIB fractures were simulated and stabilized by plate osteosyntheses: In group one, two low-profile plates were placed. In group two, a single dorsal plate (LCP) was used. The bones was than cyclically loaded simulating flexion grades of 0°, 30°, 60° and 90° of the elbow joint with increasing tension forces (150 , 150 , 300 and 500 N). The displacement and fracture gap movement were recorded. In the end, in load-to-failure tests, load at failure and mode of failure were determined.

Results
No significant differences were found for the displacement and fracture gap widening during cyclic loading. Under maximum loading, the double plates revealed a comparable load at failure like the single dorsal plate (LCP). The double plates failed with a proximal screw pull-out of the plate, whereas in the LCP group, in 10 out of 12 specimens the mode of failure was a diaphyseal shaft fracture at the distal plate peak.

Conclusion
Biomechanically, the double plates are a good alternative to the dorsal LCP providing a high stability under high loading conditions and, at the same, time reducing the soft tissue irritation by a lateral plate position.
The effects of high oxygen partial pressure on vegetable Allium seeds with a short shelf-life
Authors: Hourston James E. , Pérez Marta , Gawthrop Frances , Richards Michael , Steinbrecher Tina , Leubner-Metzger Gerhard 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Main conclusion

Storage at an elevated partial pressure of oxygen and classical artificial ageing cause a rapid loss of seed viability of short-lived vegetable seeds.

Abstract
Prolonging seed longevity during storage is of major importance for gene banks and the horticultural industry. Slowing down biochemical deterioration, including oxygen-dependent deterioration caused by oxidative processes can boost longevity. This can be affected by the seed structure and the oxygen permeability of seed coat layers. Classical artificial seed ageing assays are used to estimate seed 'shelf-life' by mimicking seed ageing via incubating seeds at elevated temperature and elevated relative humidity (causing elevated equilibrium seed moisture content). In this study, we show that seed lots of vegetable Allium species are short-lived both during dry storage for several months and in seed ageing assays at elevated seed moisture levels. Micromorphological analysis of the Allium cepa x Allium fistulosum salad onion seed identified intact seed coat and endosperm layers. Allium seeds equilibrated at 70% relative humidity were used to investigate seed ageing at tenfold elevated partial pressure of oxygen (high pO2) at room temperature (22 ºC) in comparison to classical artificial ageing at elevated temperature (42 ºC). Our results reveal that 30 days high pO2 treatment causes a rapid loss of seed viability which quantitatively corresponded to the seed viability loss observed by ~ 7 days classical artificial ageing. A similar number of normal seedlings develop from the germinating (viable) proportion of seeds in the population. Many long-lived seeds first exhibit a seed vigour loss, evident from a reduced germination speed, preceding the loss in seed viability. In contrast to this, seed ageing of our short-lived Allium vegetable seems to be characterised by a rapid loss in seed viability.
Upregulation of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNPA1 is an independent predictor of early biochemical recurrence in TMPRSS2:ERG fusion-negative prostate cancers
Authors: Möller Katharina , Wecker Anna Lena , Höflmayer Doris , Fraune Christoph , Makrypidi-Fraune Georgia , Hube-Magg Claudia , Kluth Martina , Steurer Stefan , Clauditz Till S. , Wilczak Waldemar , Simon Ronald , Sauter Guido , Huland Hartwig , Heinzer Hans , Haese Alexander , Schlomm Thorsten , Weidemann Sören , Luebke Andreas M. , Minner Sarah , Bernreuther Christian , Bonk Sarah , Marx Andreas 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHeterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) is a ubiquitous RNA splicing factor that is overexpressed and prognostically relevant in various human cancer types. To study the impact of hnRNPA1 expression in prostate cancer, we analyzed a tissue microarray containing 17,747 clinical prostate cancer specimens by immunohistochemistry. hnRNPA1 was expressed in normal prostate glandular cells but often overexpressed in cancer cells. hnRNPA1 immunostaining was interpretable in 14,258 cancers and considered strong in 33.4%, moderate in 45.9%, weak in 15.3%, and negative in 5.4%. Moderate to strong hnRNPA1 immunostaining was strongly linked to adverse tumor features including high classical and quantitative Gleason score, lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage, positive surgical margin, and early biochemical recurrence (p < 0.0001 each). The prognostic impact of hnRNPA1 immunostaining was independent of established preoperatively or postoperatively available prognostic parameters (p < 0.0001). Subset analyses revealed that all these associations were strongly driven by the fraction of cancers lacking the TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion. Comparison with other key molecular data that were earlier obtained on the same TMA showed that hnRNPA1 overexpression was linked to high levels of androgen receptor (AR) expression (p < 0.0001) as well as presence of 9 of 11 chromosomal deletions (p < 0.05 each). A strong association between hnRNPA1 upregulation and tumor cell proliferation that was independent from the Gleason score supports a role for tumor cell aggressiveness. In conclusion, hnRNPA1 overexpression is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in ERG-negative prostate cancer. hnRNPA1 measurement, either alone or in combination, might provide prognostic information in ERG-negative prostate cancer.
Stiripentol fails to lower plasma oxalate in a dialysis-dependent PH1 patient
Authors: Kempf Caroline , Pfau Anja , Holle Johannes , Müller-Schlüter Karen , Bufler Philip , Knauf Felix , Müller Dominik 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a multisystemic metabolic disorder caused by an excessive production of oxalate by the liver. The majority of patients presenting in early infancy have end-stage renal disease (ESRD). While awaiting the results of sRNAi trials, the current standard treatment is combined liver-kidney transplantation. Recently, Stiripentol has been reported as a promising drug in the treatment of primary hyperoxaluria by reducing urinary oxalate (UOx). Stiripentol is an anti-convulsive drug used in the treatment of children suffering from Dravet syndrome. It causes blockage of the last step in oxalate production by inhibition of hepatic lactate dehydrogenase 5 (LDH5).

Case
We administered Stiripentol as compassionate use in an anuric infant with dialysis-dependent PH1 over a period of 4 months. Although achieving plasma concentrations of Stiripentol that were recently reported to lower UOx excretion, we did not observe significant reduction to plasma oxalate concentrations (POx).

Conclusion
We conclude that Stiripentol may not be useful to reduce POx in PH patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), but larger studies are needed to confirm this finding.
Mechanical response of industrial benchmark lipsticks under large-scale deformations
Authors: Pan Sharadwata , Germann Natalie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis work documents the first account of advanced mechanical properties of six commercial lipsticks, some of which serve as market leads. We systematically studied their nonlinear viscoelastic properties under large amplitude oscillatory shear deformations. At large strains, all lipsticks showed intercycle strain softening, the extent of which initially depended on the prototype in the nonlinear regime. This behavior, markedly, was absent after the crossover of the dynamic moduli. Parameters obtained from the strain amplitude sweeps, i.e., the intrinsic elastic modulus and the stress maximum, demonstrated distinct prototype dependence. The Lissajous plots and the dimensionless nonlinear indices were determined using the MITlaos software. They showed intracycle elastic strain stiffening and viscous shear thinning. The angular oscillation frequency directly influenced the linear viscoelastic measures of all the benchmark lipsticks, and the nonlinear properties of only a few benchmark ones. The current study generates standard nonlinear rheology data that can be associated with the lipstick sensory attributes and typical tribological parameters. This may serve as an effective way to examine the transition from the initial spreading to the post-application sensation.
Production of isopropyl and butyl esters by Clostridium mono-culture and co-culture
Authors: Cui Yonghao , He Jianzhong , Yang Kun-Lin , Zhou Kang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Production of esters from the acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation by Clostridium often focuses on butyl butyrate, leaving acetone as an undesired product. Addition of butyrate is also often needed because ABE fermentation does not produce enough butyrate. Here we addressed the problems using Clostridium beijerinckii BGS1 that preferred to produce isopropanol instead of acetone, and co-culturing it with Clostridium tyrobutyricum ATCC 25,755 that produced butyrate. Unlike acetone, isopropanol could be converted into ester using lipase and acids . C. tyrobutyricum ATCC 25,755 produced acids at pH 6, while C. beijerinckii BGS1 produced mainly solvents at the same pH. When the two strains were co-cultured, more butyrate was produced, leading to a higher titer of esters than the mono-culture of C. beijerinckii BGS1. As the first study reporting the production of isopropyl butyrate from the Clostridium fermentation, this study highlighted the potential use of lipase and co-culture strategy in ester production.
Western Marsh Harriers Circus aeruginosus from nearby breeding areas migrate along comparable loops, but on contrasting schedules in the West African–Eurasian flyway
Authors: Vansteelant Wouter M. G. , Klaassen Raymond , Strandberg Roine , Janssens Kjell , T´Jollyn Filiep , Bouten Willem , Koks Ben J. , Anselin Anny 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMuch of our knowledge about migratory behaviour comes from single-population tracking studies. Some such studies had a considerable impact on migration research at large. However, it is often unclear how representative such studies are for other populations, even of the same species. We compared migration corridors and schedules of GPS-tracked adult Western Marsh Harriers (Circus aeruginosus) from two nearby breeding areas within the West African–Eurasian flyway: the Low Countries (LC, N = 6) and southern Sweden (SW, N = 4). Assuming the migration patterns revealed by decade-old satellite-tracking of SW harriers are representative for the species, we expected LC harriers to make a narrow loop migration involving a western spring detour out of Africa, but according to an earlier schedule tuned to the earlier onset of spring in the Low Countries. In autumn, LC harriers migrated significantly further west than SW harriers all the way to their common non-breeding range. In spring, both groups detoured westward across the Sahara, as expected, and diverged towards their breeding areas after reaching mainland Europe. LC harriers migrated slightly earlier than SW harriers in autumn. However, LC harriers unexpectedly left their non-breeding sites up to a month before SW harriers, after which they made long stop-overs in northwest Africa. Late-departing SW harriers forewent these stop-overs, and thus caught up with LC harriers in northwest Africa, so that both groups reached their breeding areas simultaneously. While we anticipated strong overlap between LC and SW migration corridors in spring, we failed to anticipate the earlier and more variable spring departures of LC harriers. Early spring departures did not result in earlier arrivals by LC harriers. Instead, we suspect they departed early to escape faster deteriorating foraging conditions at their non-breeding sites. Such environmental modulation of migratory behaviour may complicate generalization of migration patterns in other birds.
A typology for analysing mitigation and adaptation win-win strategies
Authors: Meissner Frank , Haas Armin , Hinkel Jochen , Bisaro Alexander 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA sustainability transition in line with achieving global climate goals requires the implementation of win-win strategies (WWS), i.e. socioeconomic activities that enable economic gains while simultaneously contributing to climate change mitigation or adaptation measures. Such strategies are discussed in a variety of scientific communities, such as sustainability science, industrial ecology and symbiosis and circular economy. However, existing analyses of win-win strategies tend to take a systems perspective, while paying less attention to the specific actors and activities, or their interconnections, which are implicated in win-win strategies. Moreover, they hardly address adaptation WWS. To address these gaps and support the identification and enhancement of WWS for entrepreneurs and policy-makers, we propose a typology of WWS based on the concept of a value-consumption chain, which typically connects several producers with at least one consumer of a good or service. A consideration of these connections allows an evaluation of economic effects in a meso-economic perspective. We distinguish 34 different types of WWS of companies, households and the state, for which 23 real-world examples are identified. Further, contrary to prevailing views on the lack of a business case for adaptation, we do identify real-world adaptation WWS, though they remain underrepresented compared with mitigation WWS. Our typology can be used as an entry point for transdisciplinary research integrating assessment of individual transformative socioeconomic activities and highly aggregated approaches assessing, e.g. the macro-economic effects of WWS.
Communicating Dissent in Judicial Opinions: A Comparative, Genre-Based Analysis
Authors: Goźdź-Roszkowski Stanisław 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTo date, there has been surprisingly little research on separate opinions in legal linguistics literature. Scarce attention has been paid to the linguistic and communicative aspects of how judges frame their disagreements. This paper serves as one of the early attempts to examine the institution ofvotum separatum, or separate opinion, from a comparative, cross-language perspective using a linguistic methodology. The evidence indicates a clear similarity in terms of how separate opinions are integrated within the respective macrostructures of the US SC opinions and the Constitutional Tribunal judgments. This study demonstrates how judges tend to employ highly formulaic expressions to signal their disagreement despite the absence of clear guidelines to communicate such stances. The analysis of their frequent phraseology demonstrates that declaringvotum separatumand providing its justification are two different acts, not only legally but also linguistically, especially in terms of their formulaicity. The Polish and American justifications differ in the degree to which the frequent phraseology reveals peculiarities of judicial argumentation in addition to the presence of strong evaluative concerns.
Single-domain free logic and the problem of compositionality
Authors: Rami Dolf 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper, I will defend a new compositional semantics for single-domain free logic. This semantics makes use of a distinction between the semantic value of a singular term and its semantic referent. The semantic value of a singular term is conceived of as a set that either contains the semantic referent or no element at all. The semantic referent is the object that the term designates. Before I will introduce this new semantics for single-domain predicate and an S5-type modal logic in detail, I will present five related problems of compositionality of the standard semantics for these logical systems. After that I will show in detail how my new proposed alternative semantics can be used to solve nearly all of the outlined five problems.
The quantification of bisphenols and their analogues in wastewaters and surface water by an improved solid-phase extraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method
Authors: Caban Magda , Stepnowski Piotr 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe study focused on the application of GC in the quantitative analysis of bisphenols and their analogues (12 analytes), and the improvement of solid-phase extraction for the whole water analysis of complex water samples. The role of silylation in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of bisphenols was investigated. Partial degradation occurred for selected targets during hot injection with the presence of a silylation agent. A PSA (primary and secondary amines) sorbent placed on the top of the solid-phase extraction (SPE) column sorbent was found to be a matrix component trap, mostly for humic acids. The whole water analysis was performed by washing the filters with methanol and recycling the extract to the sample. The validation of SPE-GC/MS(SIM) gave limits of detection of 1–50 ng/L for ten target bisphenols with a method recovery of between 87 and 133%. The application of the method was tested by the analysis of wastewater sampled from three wastewater treatment plants located in Poland, and municipal surface waters. The only analytes found were BPA and BPS, within the range of 16–1465 ng/L and < MDL-1249 ng/L in wastewater, and 170–3113 ng/L and < MDL-1584 ng/L in surface water, respectively.
Multilevel marketing: optimizing marketing effectiveness for high-involvement goods in the automotive industry
Authors: Niemand Thomas , Kraus Sascha , Mather Sophia , Cuenca-Ballester Antonio C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWith a surge in communication channels increasing the complexity of today’s media landscape, companies face new challenges concerning the allocation of their advertising budget. As consumers become increasingly more autonomous in gathering information from the channels they deem most suitable, they encounter several touchpoints on their customer journey. Marketers struggle with the assessment of channel effectiveness. Despite a rise in research on the topic of attribution, findings and methodology vary greatly regarding variables and outcomes. The question of how to determine suitable attribution modeling that optimizes advertising effectiveness thus remains unanswered. This article aims at assessing which factors influence channel effectiveness in the context of high-involvement goods. Based on a unique dataset from a multinational car manufacturer, a Structural Vector Autoregressive model has been formulated revealing channel interactions, lagged effects of advertising and conversion funnel stages as being highly influential factors concerning channel effectiveness.
Quantification of the Phase Transformation Kinetics in High Chromium Cast Irons Using Dilatometry and Metallographic Techniques
Authors: Guitar María Agustina , Scheid Anna , Nayak U. Pranav , Nakamura Leandro , Ponge Dirk , Britz Dominik , Mücklich Frank 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Further development of high chromium cast irons (HCCI) is based on tailoring the microstructure, necessitating an accurate control over the phase transformation and carbide precipitation temperatures and can be achieved by thermal treatments (TT). To understand the underlying mechanisms controlling the transformation kinetics during the different stages of the TT, it is imperative to adjust the TT parameters to have information of the transformations occurring during non-thermal and isothermal heating cycles, since proper selection of the TT parameters ensures the optimum use of the alloying elements. In this work, the boundaries of the phase transformations for a HCCI containing 26 wt pct Cr for different cooling rates (continuous cooling transformation, CCT, diagram) were established by applying dilatometric measurements. Based on the CCT diagram, a temperature-time-transformation (TTT) diagram was constructed by isothermally holding the samples until complete phase transformation. For determining the initiation and finishing of the transformation, the lever rule assisted by derivatives was applied. The phases present after transformation were determined by combining X-ray diffraction (XRD) and metallographic characterization using optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finally, the data obtained from the dilatometer was experimentally verified by isothermally heat treating some samples using laboratory furnaces. The transformed phase fraction from OM and SEM images was then correlated to the fraction obtained from the TTT diagram.
Omalizumab Updosing in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: an Overview of Real-World Evidence
Authors: Metz Martin , Vadasz Zahava , Kocatürk Emek , Giménez-Arnau Ana M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractChronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is defined as the spontaneous development of itchy hives and/or angioedema due to known or unknown causes that last for at least 6 weeks. At any given time, CSU is believed to affect 0.5–1% of the global population. Omalizumab (a recombinant, humanized anti-immunoglobulin-E antibody) is the only approved treatment for antihistamine refractory CSU. However, ~ 30% of patients remain symptomatic at licensed doses of omalizumab 150 mg and 300 mg, even after a treatment period of over 6 months. In the recent years, there have been several studies on updosing of the drug, suggesting that the individualized approach for urticaria treatment with omalizumab is useful. In this article, we provide an overview of these studies and the real-world data on omalizumab updosing as it became necessary to obtain complete CSU symptom control in a proportion of patients. Published observational studies (from June 2003 to October 2019) on the updosing of omalizumab in CSU were identified using PubMed and Ovid databases. Reports mainly show that updosing/dose adjustment evaluated with the assessment of disease activity (Urticaria Activity Score) and control (Urticaria Control Test) achieves better clinical response to omalizumab with a good safety profile in a pool of patients with CSU. These real-world data will provide an overview of updosing of omalizumab in CSU and aid in setting informed clinical practice treatment expectations.