bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chinese Parental Awareness of Protective Measures for Children During COVID-19 Outbreaks
Authors: Peng Niang-Huei , Li ZhenZhen , Meng Hongyan , Chang Yue‐Cune , Zhou JianFu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCurrently children’s COVID-19 case numbers are gradually increased in various countries, and many parents fear for their children’ safety after schools reopen. The aim of this research was to investigate Chinese parents’ awareness of pediatric COVID-19 in relation to protecting their children. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Fujian and Jiangsu provinces in China using a web-based research questionnaire to investigate parents with children aged 6 to 16 years old. ResultsResearch samples included 1222 participants. 99.2% of participants were aware of respiratory transmission of COVID-19, and 75.6% also believed fecal-oral transmission to be possible. Although 98.3% of participants reported knowing how to properly wear and remove masks, most parents were unaware of good handwashing technique and answered incorrectly regarding cough etiquette. Research participants seemed uncertain of children’s symptoms. Awareness scores of participants significantly differed across parental role, educational attainment levels, and social-economic levels (P<0.005), with fathers, the better educated, and those of higher income showing higher levels of awareness. ConclusionResearch results suggest an urgent need for parental education regarding COVID-19 in children, especially regarding handwashing techniques and cough etiquette; educational facilities and outreach to parents and schoolchildren are particularly important.
Ganoderma Lucidum Modulates Neuronal Structure and Function Regulatory Protein Expression and Protein-protein Interaction in Alzheimer’s Disease Model Animals
Authors: Rahman Mohammad , Hossain Shahdat , Abdullah Noorlidah , Aminudin Norhaniza 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading neurodegenerative disorder affecting memory, learning and behavior. Altered expression of proteins involved in neuronal structure and function is a recent observation of AD pathogenesis. Modulation of altered protein expression seems promising in AD therapeutics. In the present experiment, AD ameliorating effect of medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum had been evaluated through its effect on neuronal structure and function related protein expression pattern in AD model rats.MethodsWistar male rats (120 ± 5 gm) were divided into three groups: control (C), AD (A) and G. lucidum hot water extract (HWE) fed AD (AE), each group containing 15 rats. AD model rats were prepared by infusing Aβ1-42 (ab120959, abcam, USA) into the cerebral ventricles. Protein extraction from the brain samples was performed following homogenization of the hippocampus (50 mg ) with lysis buffer (1ml) using a homogenizer (Polytron PT 1200, Kinematica). Protein separation through SDS-PAGE and protein quantification through LC-chip MS/MS Q-TOF had been performed for label-free relative quantification. For statistical analyses, the data were exported to the Mass Profiler Professional (MPP) software and ANOVA (P<0.05) had been performed to overcome the complications of false discovery associated with multiple test analyses. Functional interaction networks of the proteins were identified using the STRING (Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins) database (version 10.0; http://string-db.org/). For further identifying over-representing pathways and biological functions, the ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA), build version: 389077M, content version: 27821452, (Release date: 2016-06-14) was used (https://www.ingenuity.com/wp-content/themes/ingenuity-qiagen). Datasets of the proteins significantly expressed (P<0.05) and having log fold change of 1.5 and higher were uploaded (AD versus C, AD versus AE and C versus AE). ResultsAmong 2,212 proteins identified in the present study, 819 had been found to be differentially expressed. Of the differentially expressed ones, 40 proteins linked with neuronal structure and function regulation had been observed in the present study. AD rats manifested altered expression of proteins associated with neuronal structure and function. G. lucidum hot water treatment ameliorated the altered expression of those proteins.ConclusionsAltered expression of hippocampal proteins is a hallmark of AD. Neuroproteomics regulatory approach towards AD amelioration seems promising. Inclusion of G. lucidum for proteomics based AD therapeutics in regulation of the proteins involved in neuronal structure and function seem apt. Thus, G. lucidum could be considered as an AD therapeutic agent.
Knowledge, Attitude, Perception and Preventive Practice Towards Novel Coronavirus 2019 in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Nwagbara Ugochinyere Ijeoma , Osuala Emmanuella Chinonso , Chireshe Rumbidzai , Bolarinwa Obasanjo Afolabi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Recent statistics and studies have shown the adverse effects of the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) on population health and how knowledge, attitude, perception and practice (KAP) towards the virus can be the main key to limiting its spread in the absence of a vaccine. Thus, this study aims at mapping evidence on the KAP towards COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) using scoping review.Methods: The study will employ a systematic scoping review to identify, describe, and map literature on the KAP towards COVID-19 in SSA. The primary search will include peer-reviewed and grey literature. The search will be performed using the EBSCOhost platform and a keyword search from the following electronic databases will be conducted: PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Science Direct, World Health Organization (WHO) library, and grey literature. The study selection will be guided by the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A data charting table will be used to extract information from the included studies. Data will be analysed using NVIVO version 10 and a thematic content analysis will be used to present narrative account of the review.Discussion: We anticipate finding relevant literature on the KAP towards COVID-19 in SSA. The results of this study will help reveal research gaps in KAP towards COVID-19 and this will guide future research and highlight the new concepts discovered. Systematic review protocol registration: Open Science Framework https://osf.io/sdm46/.
Robotic Colonoscopy: Comparative Analysis of Costs Compared to Painless Conventional Colonoscopy
Authors: Sicuro Rosi , Tumino Emanuele , Lambiase Christian , Mamone Domenica 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAmong the various causes of death, colorectal carcinoma represents the second highest cause in frequency both in men and in women. A colorectal cancer is diagnosed every 3.5 minutes and a person dies of colorectal cancer every 9 minutes. In 2018, in Italy were recorded around 51.000 new cases, with a mortality rate of over 18.000 deaths. There is clear evidence demonstrating that the identification and treatment of cancer at an early stage positively influence the reduction in mortality. Colonoscopy is the most effective technique used to identify and remove polyps, thus avoiding the costs related to surgical treatment and hospitalization.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the costs of the system Endotics for robotic colonoscopy as an alternative to conventional diagnostic colonoscopy performed under anaesthesia at the University Hospital of Pisa.MethodsThe cost analysis was developed according to the Budget Impact Analysis method application, an essential and complementary part of the Health Technology Assessment evaluation, which has the main purpose of assessing the financial sustainability of new health technology, estimating the consequences of its use and diffusion in a specific context characterized by the limited availability of resources. The observation period covered a time interval of 3 months, during which an average of 43 colonoscopic procedures per day was performed and mapped and a total of 23 colonoscopes were used. ResultsOverall, the work done has allowed identifying the cost of a conventional painless diagnostic colonoscopy performed in our institution which amounts to € 426.25. The valuation of the costs of the robotic colonoscopy amounted overall to € 441.25.ConclusionsThe ideal procedure to diagnose a colon disease should be safe, well-tolerated, possibly non-invasive, with high diagnostic accuracy and, not least, cost-effectiveness. The results of this study suggest that in the University Hospital of Pisa the costs related to robotic colonoscopy performed with the Endotics system are superimposable to those of conventional painless colonoscopy, reducing the overall risk associated with the colonoscopic procedure maintaining a high diagnostic accuracy with a greater tolerability by the patient, thus pushing the colonoscopy towards “the ideal procedure”.
Adrenergic alpha-2 receptor antagonists regulate noise–induced metabolic and cognitive changes in rats
Authors: Manukyan Ashkhen , Grigoryan Artem , Hunanyan Lilit , Harutyunyan Hayk , Sukiasyan Lilit , Melkonyan Magdalina 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Noise is a modern life wide-spread stressor produced by urban traffic and the industrial environment. The noise stress causes central nervous system’s dysfunction and neurotransmission impairment in the brain, as well as changes the hormones levels which potentially result in psychological and behavioral problems. Underscoring the implications of the chronic stress, the aim of our investigation was to study the level of the malondialdehyde (MDA) in the plasma and erythrocytes’ membrane (EM), as well as the behavioral characteristics of experimental animals, and the influences of the α2-adrenoblockers to evident their modulating effect during noise exposure. Results: The obtained results imply increase of plasma and erythrocytes’ membrane MDA content which is an indicator of oxidative stress development. At the same time the noise impact decreases cognitive functions. Conclusion: The use of α2-adrenoblockers to the noise-exposed animals by the specific tests revealed a regulatory effect on the noise time-dependent delay in behavioral activity manifested by disorientation, increased anxiety, the spatial memory deficit. Reduction of the noise impact by α2-adrenoblockers was expressed by less level of MDA in the EM, in the 3rd and the 4th groups.
Renal function in patients with AQP4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Authors: Jiang Ying , Weng Ruihui , Huang Jing , Fan Rong , Chen Zhigang , Landis J. Richard , Chen Yong , Feldman Harold I. , Peng Fuhua 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence has demonstrated that AQP4-IgG can cause damage to kidney in AQP4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients. However, renal impairment in AQP4 antibody-positive NMOSD patients have not been conducted thus far. This study aimed to test and evaluate the changes of estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) in NMOSD patients.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study that recruited 93 NMOSD patients, 56 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs), at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China during November 2012 and November 2017. eGFR, including eGFRCr, eGFRCysC and eGFRCr-CysC were conducted for all study individuals.Results: NMOSD patients has mildly, but statistically lower eGFRCysC value at both the acute and stable phases than MS patients and HCs, respectively. (NMOSD vs. MS: adjusted model: p=0.034 at the acute phase, p<0.001 at the stable phase; NMOSD vs. HCs: adjusted model: p=0.001 at the acute phase, p<0.001 at the stable phase). Meanwhile, there is no significant difference of eGFRCysC between MS patients and HCs at both the acute and stable phases. In addition, for NMOSD patients with low-dose glucocorticoid therapy, eGFRCysC<90ml/min/1.73 m2 was more likely to occur at the stable phase, compared to the acute phase (OR =4.68, 95% CI 1.19 to 18.34).Conclusions: Mildly impaired renal function might occur in patients with AQP4 antibody-positive NMOSD compared to MS.
Simulation effect evaluation of single-outlet and multi-outlet calibration of Soil and Water Assessment Tool model driven by Climate Forecast System Reanalysis data and ground-based meteorological station data – a case study in a Yellow River source
Authors: Li Kai , Wang Yongqiang , Li Xiaodong , Yuan Zhe , Xu Jijun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
It is the research hotspot in the field of hydrology to apply the climate model and its downscaling data into hydrological simulations, and it is very important to evaluate the accuracy of its data. In this study, the accuracy of Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) was evaluated from two perspectives: statistical evaluation and hydrological evaluation. In the hydrological evaluation, the applicability of CFSR in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model of the Yellow River source area was studied. The results show that CFSR temperature data at the source of the Yellow River is consistent with the measured temperature data, and CFSR precipitation data overestimates precipitation. In the Yellow River source runoff simulation, the SWAT model driven by CFSR can obtain satisfactory simulation results. It does not reduce the simulation accuracy at the total outlet of the basin under the multi-outlet calibration method. It also considers the spatial differences of hydrological characteristics of each sub-basin and improve the simulation accuracy of the sub-basin simulation.
Comparison of antecedent precipitation based rainfall-runoff models
Authors: Upreti Pankaj , Ojha C. S. P. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method is one of the popular methods for calculating storm depth from a rainfall event. The previous research identified antecedent rainfall as a key element that controls the non-linear behaviour of the model. The original version indirectly uses five days antecedent rainfall to identify the land condition as dry, normal or wet. This leads to a sudden jump once the land condition changes. To obviate this, the present work intends to improve the performance of antecedent rainfall-based SCS-CN models. Two forms of SCS-CN model (M1 and M2), two recently developed P-P5 based models (M3 and M4), and an alternate approach of considering P5 in the SCS-CN model (M5 and M6), as proposed here, were investigated. Based on the evaluation of several error metrics, the new proposed model M6 has performed better than other models. The performance of this model is evaluated using rainfall-runoff events of 114 watersheds located in the USA. The median value of Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency was found as 0.78 for the M6 model followed by M5 (0.75), M3 (0.73), M4 (0.72), M2 (0.63) and M1 (0.61) model.
Estaquia caulinar de Rubus erythrocladus Mart. ex Hook.f em diferentes concentrações de ácido indolbutírico
Authors: Tagliari Balestrin Júlio , Oliveira Lamb Rodrigo , Ferrari Vinicius , Rogalski Juliana Marcia 
Published: November 2020

O arbusto Rubus erythrocladus Mart. ex Hook.f. (amora-verde) é uma espécie endêmica do Brasil e uma das plantas alimentícias não convencionais que apresenta grande potencial de uso, devido ao sabor agradável de seus frutos e às altas concentrações de flavonoides. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentrações de AIB no enraizamento de estacas caulinares de R. erythrocladus. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação no IFRS – Campus Sertão, durante o período de novembro de 2018 a janeiro de 2019. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com seis concentrações (0, 500, 1.000, 2.000, 3.000, 4.000 mg L-1) de AIB, cinco estacas por unidade experimental e quatro repetições, totalizando 120 estacas. A percentagem de sobrevivência e de enraizamento das estacas, o número de raízes e o comprimento da maior raiz foram avaliados após 60 dias da implantação do experimento. Os dados foram analisados através de análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (α = 0,05). O número de raízes e o comprimento da maior raiz foram avaliados através de estatísticas descritivas (média e desvio padrão). As estacas tratadas com AIB na concentração 1.000 mg L-1 apresentaram maior sobrevivência e enraizamento (60%), maior número de raízes (2,8 ± 2,6) e maior comprimento de raiz (6,5 ± 2,5 cm), diferindo estatisticamente dos demais tratamentos. A propagação por estaquia em R. erythrocladus é possível. A aplicação de AIB na concentração de 1.000 mg L-1 foi o melhor tratamento para a rizogênese das estacas.
Panax notoginseng Saponins Attenuate Neuroinflammation through TXNIP-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Aging Rats
Authors: Zhou Zhiyong , He Menghan , Zhao Qingqing , Wang Dongfan , Zhang Changcheng , Liu Chaoqi , Zhao Haixia , Dun Yaoyan , He Yumin , Yuan Chengfu , Yuan Ding , Wang Ting 
Published: November 2020

Introduction:
Microglia-mediated inflammatory responses play a crucial role in aging-related
neurodegenerative diseases. The TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway is a key pathway leading to microglial activation.
Panax notoginseng Saponins (PNS) have been widely used for the treatment of stroke in China.

Objective:
This study evaluates the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of PNS and investigates the mechanism
via TXNIP-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in aging rats.

Materials and Methods:
Eighteen-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the aging
control group and PNS treated groups (n=15 each group). For PNS-treated groups, rats were administrated
food with PNS at the doses of 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg for consecutive 6 months until they
were 24-month old. Rats from the aging control group were given the same food without PNS. Twomonth-
old rats were purchased and given the same food until they were 6-months old as the adult control
group (n = 15). Then, the cortex and hippocampus were rapidly harvested and deposited. H&E staining
was used to assess histo-morphological changes. Western blotting was carried out to detect the protein
expression. Immunofluorescence was employed to measure the co-localization of NLRP3, TXNIP and
Iba-1. In vitro model was established by LPS+ATP co-incubation in the BV2 microglia cell line.

Results::
Aging rats exhibited increased activation of microglia, accompanied by a high level of IL-1β
expression. Meanwhile, aging rats showed enhanced protein expression of TXNIP and NLRP3 related
molecules, which co-localized with microglia. PNS treatment effectively reduced the number of degenerated
neurons and reversed the activation of the TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammatory pathway. In vitro
results showed that PNS up to 100 μg/ml had no significant toxicity on BV2 microglia. PNS (25, 50
μg/ml) effectively reduced the inflammatory response induced by LPS and ATP co-stimulation, thus
inhibiting the expression of TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway-related proteins.

Discussion and Conclusion:
PNS treatment improved aging-related neuronal damage through inhibiting
TXNIP mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which provided a potential target for the
treatment of inflammation-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Peluang dan tantangan pendidikan karakter di era digital
Authors: Triyanto Triyanto 
Published: November 2020

Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk membahas tentang peluang dan tantangan pendidikan karakter di era digital. Ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan naturalistik. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara survei, wawancara, observasi dan studi pustaka. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan enam tahapan dari Creswell. Pendidikan karakter di era digital memiliki berbagai tantangan dan peluang. Riset membuktikan bahwa era digital memberi peluang positif pada implementasi pendidikan karakter. Tantangan kita adalah bagaimana mengajari siswa untuk menavigasi etika di era digital. Beberapa tantangan yang harus dihadapi dalam pendidikan karakter di era digital mencakup keseimbangan, keselamatan dan keamanan, perundungan siber, sexting, hak cipta dan plagiarism. Para pembuat kebijakan pendidikan perlu berperan aktif dalam pengembangan berkelanjutan pembelajaran karakter secara digital untuk memastikan penerapan pembelajaran digital yang efektif.ABSTRACTThe purpose of this article is to discuss the opportunities and challenges of character education in the digital age. This is a qualitative research with naturalistic approach. Data were collected by surveys, interviews, observation and literature review. The data were analyzed by six stages from Creswell. Character education in the digital age has various challenges and opportunities. Research proves that the digital age provides positive opportunities for the implementation of character education. The challenge is how to teach students to navigate ethics in the digital age. Some of the challenges are balance, safety and security, cyber bullying, sexting, copyright and plagiarism. Education policy makers need to participate in the continuous development of digital character learning to implement effective digital learning.
Developing geriatric face makeup enrichment book for students of Skin Beauty program in vocational high school
Authors: Ratri Pramesti Adika , Hamidah Siti 
Published: November 2020

This research aims to: (1) produce a Geriatric Makeup Enrichment book as a teaching material of geriatric makeup for students of Purworejo 3 Vocational High School majoring in Beauty that is feasible and effective . This research is research and development applying the four-D. The product feasibility tests were carried out by two material experts and two media experts by validated the enrichment book through a questionnaire using a Likert scale was analyzed using conversion scores into four quantitative categories then tested the agreement between experts through the Cohen's Kappa test and its effectiveness was tested with a one-group case study technique and analyzed with gain scores. The subjects of this research trial were students of class XI Beauty in Purworejo 3 Vocational High School The data collection instruments used are observation guidelines, interview guidelines, experts’ validation questionnaire, teachers’ response questionnaire, students’ response questionnaire and ability test The research results are as follows. The enrichment book developed met the feasibility criteria according to material experts with a score of 3.59 (excellent) and there was agreement between material expert with a Cohen’s Kappa coefficient of 0.64 (good) Tthen, met the feasibility criteria according to media experts with a score of 3.70 (excellent) and there was an agreement between media with a Cohen’s Kappa coefficient value of 1.00 (excellent). Enrichment book developed was declared effective for use in XI grade students of Purworejo 3 Vocational High School majoring in Beauty and was included in medium category for value understanding with the gain score 0.5 and in a high category in skill value with the gain score 0.71.