bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Annexin A13 predicts poor prognosis for lung adenocarcinoma patients and accelerates the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells by modulating epithelial–mesenchymal transition
Authors: Xue Guo‐Liang , Zhang Cong , Zheng Gui‐Li , Zhang Lian‐Jun , Bi Jing‐Wang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the role of ANXA13 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) growth, migration, and the underlying mechanisms. Firstly, in the TCGA dataset for LUAD, ANXA13 is found to be highly expressed in patients with LUAD and high expression of ANXA13 predicted poor outcomes in LUAD patients. Consistently, the data of qRT‐PCR showed that the expression of ANXA13 was higher in LUAD cell lines (Calu‐3, LTEP‐a‐2, and NCI‐H1395) than that in normal lung cell line BEAS2B. Then, we performed gain‐ and loss of function of ANXA13 in NCI‐H1395 and Calu‐3 cells, respectively. The results displayed that deficiency of ANXA13 suppresses cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in Calu‐3 cells and overexpression of ANXA13 augments cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in NCI‐H1395 cells. Finally, it was found that silencing of ANXA13 obviously raised the protein expression levels of E‐cadherin and reduced the protein levels of N‐cadherin, Vimentin, and Snail in Calu‐3 cells whereas overexpression of ANXA13 obviously receded the protein expression levels of E‐cadherin and enhanced the protein levels of N‐cadherin, Vimentin, and Snail in NCI‐H1395 cells. This study analyzed the biological effects of ANXA13 in LUAD cells, indicating that ANXA13 could regard as a therapeutic target for LUAD.
Host expression system modulates recombinant Hsp70 activity through post‐translational modifications
Authors: Rigo Mauricio M. , Borges Thiago J. , Lang Benjamin J. , Murshid Ayesha ,   Nitika , Wolfgeher Donald , Calderwood Stuart K. , Truman Andrew W. , Bonorino Cristina 
Published: March 2020

The use of model organisms for recombinant protein production results in the addition of model‐specific post‐translational modifications (PTMs) that can affect the structure, charge, and function of the protein. The 70‐kDa heat shock proteins (Hsp70) were originally described as intracellular chaperones, with ATPase and foldase activity. More recently, new extracellular activities of Hsp70 proteins (e.g., as immunomodulators) have been identified. While some studies indicate an inflammatory potential for extracellular Hsp70 proteins, others suggest an immunosuppressive activity. We hypothesized that the production of recombinant Hsp70 in different expression systems would result in the addition of different PTMs, perhaps explaining at least some of these opposing immunological outcomes. We produced and purified Mycobacterium tuberculosis DnaK from two different systems, Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris, and analyzed by mass spectrometry of the protein preparations, investigating the impact of PTMs in an in silico and in vitro perspective. The comparisons of DnaK structures in silico highlighted that electrostatic and topographical differences exist that are dependent upon the expression system. Production of DnaK in the eukaryotic system dramatically affected its ATPase activity and significantly altered its ability to downregulate MHC II and CD86 expression on murine dendritic cells (DCs). Phosphatase treatment of DnaK indicated that some of these differences related specifically to phosphorylation. Altogether, our data indicate that PTMs are an important characteristic of the expression system, with differences that impact interactions of Hsps with their ligands and subsequent functional activities.DatabaseMass spectrometry proteomic data are available in the PRIDE database under the accession number PXD011583.
NAG‐thiazoline is a potent inhibitor of the Vibrio campbellii GH20 β‐N‐Acetylglucosaminidase
Authors: Meekrathok Piyanat , Stubbs Keith A. , Aunkham Anuwat , Kaewmaneewat Anuphon , Kardkuntod Apinya , Bulmer David M. , van den Berg Bert , Suginta Wipa 
Published: March 2020

Vibrio spp. play a vital role in the recycling of chitin in oceans, but several Vibrio strains are highly infectious to aquatic animals and humans. These bacteria require chitin for growth; thus, potent inhibitors of chitin‐degrading enzymes could serve as candidate drugs against Vibrio infections. This study examined NAG‐thiazoline (NGT)‐mediated inhibition of a recombinantly expressed GH20 β‐N‐acetylglucosaminidase, namely VhGlcNAcase from Vibrio campbellii (formerly V. harveyi) ATCC BAA‐1116. NGT strongly inhibited VhGlcNAcase with an IC50 of 11.9 ± 1.0 μm and Ki 62 ± 3 µm, respectively. NGT was also found to completely inhibit the growth of V. campbellii strain 650 with an minimal inhibitory concentration value of 0.5 µm. ITC data analysis showed direct binding of NGT to VhGlcNAcase with a Kd of 32 ± 1.2 μm. The observed ΔG°binding of −7.56 kcal·mol−1 is the result of a large negative enthalpy change and a small positive entropic compensation, suggesting that NGT binding is enthalpy‐driven. The structural complex shows that NGT fully occupies the substrate‐binding pocket of VhGlcNAcase and makes an exclusive hydrogen bond network, as well as hydrophobic interactions with the conserved residues around the −1 subsite. Our results strongly suggest that NGT could serve as an excellent scaffold for further development of antimicrobial agents against Vibrio infections.DatabaseStructural data are available in PDB database under the accession number 6K35.
Moderate prenatal alcohol exposure impairs cognitive control, but not attention, on a rodent touchscreen continuous performance task
Authors: Olguin Sarah L. , Thompson Shannon M. , Young Jared W. , Brigman Jonathan L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA common feature associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders is the inability to concentrate on a specific task while ignoring distractions. Human continuous performance tasks (CPT), measure vigilance and cognitive control simultaneously while these processes are traditionally measured separately in rodents. We recently established a touchscreen 5‐choice CPT (5C‐CPT) that measures vigilance and cognitive control simultaneously by incorporating both target and nontargets and showed it was sensitive to amphetamine‐induced improvement in humans and mice. Here, we examined the effects of moderate prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) in male and female mice on performance of the 5‐choice serial reaction time task (5‐CSRTT), which contained only target trials, and the 5C‐CPT which incorporated both target and nontarget trials. In addition, we assessed gait and fine motor coordination in behavioral naïve PAE and control animals. We found that on the 5‐CSRTT mice were able to respond to target presentations with similar hit rates regardless of sex or treatment. However, on the 5C‐CPT PAE mice made significantly more false alarm responses vs controls. Compared with control animals, PAE mice had a significantly lower sensitivity index, a measure of ability to discriminate appropriate responses to stimuli types. During 5C‐CPT, female mice, regardless of treatment, also had increased mean latency to respond when correct and omitted more target trials. Gait assessment showed no significant differences in PAE and SAC mice on any measure. These findings suggest that moderate exposure to alcohol during development can have long lasting effects on cognitive control unaffected by gross motor alterations.
Determination of Trace Bismuth in Environmental Waters by ICP‐MS with Cobalt Ion‐Assisted Photochemical Vapour Generation
Authors: Yu Ying , Zhao Qian , Bao Haolin , Mou Qing , Shi Zeming , Chen Youliang , Gao Ying 
Published: March 2020

With increasing use of bismuth in industry, a better understanding of its environmental behaviour is required, including an improved knowledge of its background concentration range in (non‐saline) freshwaters. However, the poor analytical sensitivity of previous methods may lead to inaccurate measurement results for Bi3+ in environmental samples. In this work, cobalt ion‐assisted photochemical vapour generation (PVG) was developed for the detection of trace Bi with inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) measurement. The volatile species of Bi was found to be (CH3)3Bi generated under UV irradiation in the presence of formic acid, acetic acid and Co2+. The major parameters potentially influencing the detection of Bi were investigated. Under optimised conditions, the limit of detection (3s, n = 11) of the proposed method was 0.3 ng l−1. The analytical sensitivity was enhanced about 70‐fold for Bi3+ compared with that using classic pneumatic nebulisation of ICP‐MS. Furthermore, the proposed method showed better analytical sensitivity and anti‐interference ability towards co‐existing ions compared with ferric ion‐assisted PVG systems. The accuracy of the proposed method was evaluated by analysis of environmental water samples and certified reference materials with satisfactory results.
Evaluation of preparation and combustion rig tests of an effusive cooled SiC/SiCN panel
Authors: Hönig Sandrine , Süß Fabia , Jain Neraj , Jemmali Raouf , Behrendt Thomas , Mainzer Bernd , Koch Dietmar 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSiC/SiCN ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are promising candidates for components of aero‐engines. To evaluate the properties of these CMCs under realistic conditions, a quasi‐flat panel with effusion cooling holes was investigated in a high pressure combustor rig. A Tyranno SA3 fabric‐based SiC/SiCN composite with high strength and strain to failure was manufactured via polymer infiltration and pyrolysis process. Due to its weak matrix no fiber coating was necessary for damage tolerant behavior. The cooling holes in the panel were introduced via laser drilling. An outer coating of CVD‐based SiC was finally applied for enhanced oxidation resistance. The specimen was tested in the combustor rig and the cooling effectiveness was evaluated. The microstructure of laser machined holes was studied via microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The macrostructure was investigated via computing tomography scans before and after the combustor test. Material performances at higher temperatures were estimated via a material performance index. Local microstructure modifications were observed after laser drilling. No crack formation was observed in the CMC panels after rig tests. The measured global cooling effectiveness of 0.76 and the analytical performance evaluation demonstrate the potential benefit of SiC/SiCN materials in combustor applications.
Addressing privacy predicaments in the digital marketplace: A power‐relations perspective
Authors: Bandara Ruwan , Fernando Mario , Akter Shahriar 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe utilization and governance of the internet and adjacent disruptive technologies have created numerous challenges to ensuring consumer online privacy. This study employs the power–responsibility equilibrium theory to explore emerging online privacy issues in the data‐driven marketplace. This exploratory study, based on semi‐structured interviews, explains why online shopping consumers are increasingly worried about their privacy and why they behave in a manner that could be detrimental to the consumer–vendor relationship. The findings suggest that deficiencies of corporate privacy responsibility and regulatory protection have deprived consumers of privacy empowerment. These deficiencies have also accentuated perceived privacy contract violations to trigger privacy concerns and subsequent defensive responses. We identify enhancement of consumer privacy empowerment and assuagement of privacy contract violations as two separate mechanisms of addressing online privacy issues. We also highlight the importance of addressing power and responsibility dynamics for maintaining a healthy information‐exchange environment.
Thou shalt not covet: Role of family religiosity in anti‐consumption
Authors: Casabayó Mònica , Dávila Juan Francisco , Rayburn Steven W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAnti‐consumption movements, as resistance or rejection of consumption, are opposed in nature to the values of materialism or the idea that possessions are essential to happiness. This article links one anti‐consumption practice, voluntary simplicity, to family religiosity by exploring whether parents' religiosity induces reduced levels of materialism in their children. Children aged 6–14 years and their parents in three secular and one religious school were surveyed, and data were analysed using structural equation modelling. Materialism was divided in four factors: money desire, shopping pleasure, possession pleasure and non‐generosity. Results show that parents with strong religious behaviours have children who exhibit less desire for money and less non‐generosity, but experience a higher shopping pleasure. The effects of parents' religious behaviours on children's materialism are both direct and partially mediated by school type (religious or secular). Religious values in the family environment may contribute to increased anti‐consumption lifestyles in following generations.
Steam‐assisted roasting inhibits formation of heterocyclic aromatic amines and alters volatile flavour profile of beef steak
Authors: Feng Ruihong , Bao Yulong , Liu Dongmei , Zhang Shuang , Wang Yong , Chen Dongpo , Zhou Peng 
Published: March 2020

SummaryIn order to evaluate the effect of steam addition during meat roasting, beef sirloin steaks were cooked at five humidities (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) under 230 °C to a centre temperature of 71 °C. With increased humidity, heating rate generally increased and the cooked steak gradually lost the typical roasted appearance. Thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS) values generally increased, while carbonyl groups were not affected. Increased humidity promoted the formation of volatile aldehydes and alcohols, while pyrazines decreased significantly from 0% to 25% humidity. Steam‐assisted roasting inhibited the formation of heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs; except for IQ and Norharman). However, further increase in humidity (larger than 25%) did not have additional inhibition effect. Based on the results, it is recommended to roast beef with steam addition to reduce toxic HAAs, but the humidity should be kept at a relatively low level to maintain a typical roasted appearance and flavour profile.
Insights into the structural characterisations, bioactivities and their correlations with water‐soluble polysaccharides extracted from different pomelo (Citrus maxima Merr.) tissues
Authors: Wu Zhen , Li Hong , Luo Yang , Chen Gang , Li Juan , Wang Yongde , Yang Yong , Tan Hongjun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPomelo (Citrus maxima Merr.), known as a famous fruit and folk medicine, is widely cultivated in China. Nonedible pomelo tissues contain peels, seeds, and segment membranes, which generally being discarded. Polysaccharides relationships among different pomelo tissues remain uncertain. Four water‐soluble polysaccharides, PPPs, PSPs, FPPs and SMPs, were extracted from pomelo peels, seeds, pulps and segment membranes, respectively. Molecular structure and conformation were investigated by a combination of chemical and instrumental analyses. PPPs and FPPs were consisted of Ara, GalA, GlcA, Rha, Glc, Xyl and Gal, while PSPs and SMPs did not contain GalA and Gal. The average molecular weight (Mw) of PPPs, PSPs, FPPs and SMPs was 4.604 × 105, 10.85 × 105, 5.795 × 105 and 16.06 × 105 Da, respectively. PPPs, PSPs and SMPs all showed totally spherical structures, while FPPs primarily comprised linear chains. The structures–bioactivities correlations analysis revealed that low‐Mw polysaccharides had strong DPPH•, OH• scavenging and HeLa cells inhibiting activities. These data revealed that the bioactivities of pomelo tissues polysaccharides were not a function of a single factor but a combination of various characteristics.
NF‐κB‐inducing kinase contributes to normal development of cortical thymic epithelial cells: its possible role in shaping a proper T‐cell repertoire
Authors: Eshima Koji , Misawa Kana , Ohashi Chihiro , Noma Haruka , Iwabuchi Kazuya 
Published: March 2020

SummaryNuclear factor (NF)‐κB‐inducing kinase (NIK) is known to be a critical regulator of multiple aspects of the immune response. Although the role of NIK in the development of medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) has been well documented, the impact of NIK on the differentiation and function of cortical thymic epithelial cells (cTECs) remains ambiguous. To investigate the possible involvement of NIK in cTEC differentiation, we have compared the gene expression and function of cTECs from a NIK‐mutant mouse, alymphoplasia (aly/aly) with those of cTECs from wild‐type (WT) mice. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that expression levels of MHC class II, but not MHC class I or other TEC markers, were higher in aly/aly cells than in WT cells. Notably, the proportion of MHC class IIhi+ cTECs was elevated in aly/aly mice. We also demonstrated that expression of Ccl5 mRNA in the MHC class IIhi+ subset of aly/aly cTECs was decreased compared with that in WT cells, implying an abnormal pattern of gene expression in aly/aly cTECs. Analyses of bone marrow chimera using aly/aly or aly/+ mice as hosts suggested that Vβ usage and CD5 expression on WT T‐cells were altered when they matured in aly/aly thymi. These results collectively indicate that NIK may be involved in controlling the function of cTEC in selecting a proper T‐cell repertoire.
Immediate versus early non‐occlusal loading of dental implants placed flapless in partially edentulous patients: A 10‐year randomized clinical trial
Authors: Merli Mauro , Merli Marco , Mariotti Giorgia , Pagliaro Umberto , Moscatelli Marco , Nieri Michele 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimTo compare immediate versus early non‐occlusal loading of dental implants placed flapless in a 10‐year, parallel group, randomized clinical trial.Materials and MethodsPatients were randomized to receive implants for fixed partial dentures. The immediate group was represented by immediate non‐occlusal implant loading, whereas the early group was represented by early non‐occlusal implant loading. The outcome variables were implant failure, complications, subjective satisfaction and radiographic bone level at implant sites 10 years after loading.ResultsSixty patients were randomized: 30 to the immediately loaded group and 30 to the early loaded group. Three patients dropped out in the immediate group, and three patients dropped out in the early group. One implant failure occurred in the early group (p = 1.0). Three complications occurred in the immediate group and four in the early group (RR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.19 to 3.04, p = 1.0). The difference in bone level was 0.1 mm (95% CI −0.2 to 0.5, p = .3752) favouring the early group. Difference in subjective functional satisfaction was 0.2 (95% CI −0.2 to 0.7; p = .3271). Difference in subjective aesthetic satisfaction was 0.0 (95% CI −0.4 to 0.4; p = .9656).ConclusionAt 10‐year follow‐up, no differences between implants loaded immediately and early were detected in this randomized clinical trial.
Three‐dimensional characterization of osteocyte volumes at multiple scales, and its relationship with bone biology and genome evolution in ray‐finned fishes
Authors: Davesne Donald , Schmitt Armin D. , Fernandez Vincent , Benson Roger B. J. , Sanchez Sophie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOsteocytes, cells embedded within the bone mineral matrix, inform on key aspects of vertebrate biology. In particular, a relationship between volumes of the osteocytes and bone growth and/or genome size has been proposed for several tetrapod lineages. However, the variation in osteocyte volume across different scales is poorly characterized and mostly relies on incomplete, two‐dimensional information. In this study, we characterize the variation of osteocyte volumes in ray‐finned fishes (Actinopterygii), a clade including more than half of modern vertebrate species in which osteocyte biology is poorly known. We use X‐ray synchrotron micro‐computed tomography (SRµCT) to achieve a three‐dimensional visualization of osteocyte lacunae and direct measurement of their size (volumes). Our specimen sample is designed to characterize variation in osteocyte lacuna morphology at three scales: within a bone, among the bones of one individual and among species. At the intra‐bone scale, we find that osteocyte lacunae vary noticeably in size between zones of organized and woven bone (being up to six times larger in woven bone), and across cyclical bone deposition. This is probably explained by differences in bone deposition rate, with larger osteocyte lacunae contained in bone that deposits faster. Osteocyte lacuna volumes vary 3.5‐fold among the bones of an individual, and this cannot readily be explained by variation in bone growth rate or other currently observable factors. Finally, we find that genome size provides the best explanation of variation in osteocyte lacuna volume among species: actinopterygian taxa with larger genomes (polyploid taxa in particular) have larger osteocyte lacunae (with a ninefold variation in median osteocyte volume being measured). Our findings corroborate previous two‐dimensional studies in tetrapods that also observed similar patterns of intra‐individual variation and found a correlation with genome size. This opens new perspectives for further studies on bone evolution, physiology and palaeogenomics in actinopterygians, and vertebrates as a whole.
Impact of neural stem cell‐derived extracellular vesicles on mitochondrial dysfunction, sirtuin 1 level, and synaptic deficits in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Li Bo , Liu Jianhui , Gu Guojun , Han Xu , Zhang Qi , Zhang Wei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSmall extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, play multiple physiological roles. In neurodegenerative diseases, EVs can be pivotal in dispersing neuropathogenic proteins. This study investigates the role of neural stem cell (NSC)‐derived EVs in a transgenic (Tg) mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Five weeks following treatment on 9‐month‐old APP/PS1 mice, the effects of NSC‐derived EVs on cognitive behavior, mitochondrial function, sirtuin1 (SIRT1), synaptic function and morphology, quantification of amyloid‐β (Aβ) level, and inflammatory response were investigated. The results showed that mice in the Tg‐NSCs‐ev group exhibited significant improvement in cognitive performance compared with Tg‐Veh group. Furthermore, the expression of mitochondrial function‐related factors (peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1α [PGC1α], nuclear respiratory factor 1 and 2 [NRF1 and 2], and fission 1 [Fis1]), SIRT1 as well as synaptic proteins (growth‐associated protein 43 [GAP43], synaptophysin [SYP], post‐synaptic density 95 [PSD95] and microtubule‐associated protein 2 [MAP2]) were significantly higher in the Tg‐NSCs‐ev group, when compared with the Tg‐Veh group. In addition, oxidative damage markers (anti‐4‐Hydroxynonenal [4‐HNE] and anti‐3 nitrotyrosine [3‐NT]), inflammatory cytokines and the microglial marker (Iba1) were significantly lower in the Tg‐NSCs‐ev group, compared to the Tg‐Veh group. Moreover, synaptic morphology was distinctly improved in the Tg‐NSCs‐ev group, whereas the Aβ level was not altered. Our study provides novel evidences that NSC‐derived EVs enhanced mitochondrial function, SIRT1 activation, synaptic activity, decreased inflammatory response, and rescued cognitive deficits in AD like mice.
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