bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and Risk Factors of Postoperative Delirium Following Primary Elective Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database Study
Authors: Yang Qinfeng , Wang Jian , Huang Xusheng , Xu Yichuan , Zhang Yang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Postoperative delirium is a common complication following major surgeries, leading to a variety of adverse effects. However, there is a paucity of literatures studying the incidence and risk factors of delirium after primary elective total hip arthroplasty (THA) using a large-scale national database. Methods: A retrospective database analysis was performed based on Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2009-2014. Patients who underwent primary elective THA were included. Patient demographics, comorbidities, length of hospital stay (LOS), total charges, in-hospital mortality, and major and minor perioperative complications were evaluated. Results: A total of 388,424 primary elective THAs were obtained from the NIS database, and the general incidence of delirium after THA was 0.90%. Patients with delirium after THA presented more comorbidities, increased LOS, extra hospital charges, and higher in-hospital mortality rate (P<0.001). Delirium following THA was associated with major complications during hospitalization including acute renal failure and pneumonia. Risk factors of postoperative delirium included advanced age, alcohol or drug abuse, depression, neurological disorders, psychoses, fluid and electrolyte disorders, diabetes, weight loss, deficiency anemia, coagulopathy, hypertension, congestive heart failure, valvular disease, pulmonary circulation disorders, peripheral vascular disorders, and renal failure. Both female and obesity were detected to be protective factors. Conclusions: The results of our study identified a relatively low incidence of delirium after primary elective THA. Postoperative delirium of THA was associated with increased comorbidities, LOS, total charges, in-hospital mortality, and major perioperative complications including acute renal failure and pneumonia. It is of benefit to study risk factors of postoperative delirium to moderate its consequences.
Zebrafish xenograft model of human lung cancer for studying the function of LINC00152 in cell proliferation and invasion
Authors: Shen Wenyi , Pu Juan , Sun Jing , Tan Bing , Wang Wei , Wang Lili , Cheng Jianmeng , Zuo Yangsong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs play important roles in human cancer progression. Although zebrafish xenografts have recently become a novel in vivo model for human cancer research, whether such models can be used to study the function of long noncoding RNAs remains unknown. Methods: In vitro studies validated the roles of LINC00152 in the proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cells. In vivo studies of zebrafish xenografts also confirmed these roles of LINC00152. In vivo confocal imaging was used to more accurately evaluate the function of LINC00152 in cell proliferation and migration. Pharmacological experiments were further performed to study the potential ability of LINC00152 downregulation combined with an EGFR inhibitor to treat tumors in cultured cells and the zebrafish xenograft model. Results: Silencing of LINC00152 suppressed cell proliferation and invasion in SPCA1 and A549 lung cancer cell lines in vitro . In the zebrafish xenograft model, knockdown of LINC00152 reduced the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells, as indicated by the two imaging methods at different magnifications. Moreover, the knockdown of LINC00152 enhanced the inhibition effect of afatinib for lung cancer progression in cultured cells and the zebrafish xenograft model. Conclusion: Our study reveals the oncogenic roles and potential for LINC00152 to be a target for tumor treatment in lung cancer using zebrafish xenograft models, and the findings suggest that this model could be used for functional and application studies of human long noncoding RNAs in tumor biology.
Clinical significance of conversion surgery for gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination: A retrospective study
Authors: Arigami Takaaki , Matsushita Daisuke , Okubo Keishi , Kijima Takashi , Shimonosono Masataka , Sasaki Ken , Noda Masahiro , Kita Yoshiaki , Mori Shinichiro , Kurahara Hiroshi , Yanagita Shigehiro , Uenosono Yoshikazu , Ishigami Sumiya , Natsugoe Shoji 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Although chemotherapy has been clinically recommended as the initial treatment for patients with peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer, poor prognosis has been noted among the same patients. However, the prognostic significance of conversion surgery after chemotherapy remains unclear. The present study therefore aimed to assess the clinical impact of conversion surgery among patients with peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer.Methods: A total of 93 patients with peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer undergoing chemotherapy between February 2002 and October 2019 were retrospectively enrolled and subsequently divided into progressive disease (PD) and non-PD groups based on tumor response to chemotherapy.Results: Among the included patients, 17 developed distant metastases at another site besides peritoneal dissemination. Based on tumor response, 24 and 69 patients were determined to have PD and non-PD, respectively, with the former having significantly poorer prognosis than the latter (p < 0.0001). A total of 19 patients underwent conversion surgery after chemotherapy, with the presence or absence of conversion surgery being significantly correlated with age, first-line chemotherapy regimen, and tumor response (p = 0.0134, 0.0337, and 0.0024, respectively). Patients in the non-PD group who underwent conversion surgery or chemotherapy alone had 3-year overall survival rates of 55.6% and 6.6%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified conversion surgery alone as an independent prognostic factor in the non-PD group (p < 0.0001).Conclusion: Our retrospective study demonstrated that conversion surgery for gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination might improve the prognosis of responders who developed no peritoneal dissemination after chemotherapy.
Reporting Complex Multidisciplinary Healthcare Team Training Interventions: Development and Validation of a Checklist
Authors: KEIJSER Wouter A , Wisse Robert , Wilderom Celeste PM 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Multidisciplinary healthcare teamwork training is regarded as a means to improve patient safety and quality of care. However, it is increasingly characterized by highly complex and contextualized interventions, challenging scholars and practitioners in evaluating reports of such interventions effectively. Conflicting or weak evidence as to whether these complex interventions ultimately affect patient outcomes suggests the need for more comparability, reproducibility, and transparency in scientific reporting. In the absence of an existing reporting guideline, we developed a new checklist for effective reports on the planning, content and implementation design and outcomes of complex teamwork training programs.Methods The checklist was developed through pragmatically consulting existing relevant frameworks for evaluating complex interventional studies as well as related key literature on teamwork training. We followed a stepped approach in data retrieval, applying a configurative synthesis. Subsequently, the checklist’s validity and usability were tested based on a literature review of peer-reviewed journal articles describing the implementation of the widely used comprehensive TeamSTEPPS™ curriculum. We used our checklist to evaluate the reporting in the included articles based on specific selection criteria.Results The Reporting Complex Multidisciplinary Healthcare Teamwork Training (ReCoMuTe) checklist presented in this paper exists of four distinct categories, each containing components and various explicating elements: Context and preparation; Description; Execution and delivery; Mechanisms of impact. Despite its wide use across various healthcare institutions and settings and the increasing number of publications on its implementation, we found that the reporting in papers on TeamSTEPPS implementation is often inadequate.Conclusion More standardized scientific reporting on the design and content of complex teamwork training interventions, their contextualized implementation processes and outcomes, can bolster the understanding of effective intervention design, implementation, and evaluation, and can enable well-informed decision making on investments. The ReCoMuTe checklist provides an instrument for evaluating complex interventions, such as studies on TeamSTEPPS implementation, and can assist authors, reviewers, editors, and others in further contemporary research on multidisciplinary healthcare teamwork.
Molecular detection of Beta-lactamase blaCTX-M group 1 gene in Escherichia coli Isolated from Drinking Water in Khartoum State
Authors: Altayeb Hisham N , Khalid Eman , Moglad Ehssan h 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundOne of the most common challenges facing the world today is the rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. According to current evidence, this is mainly as a result of presumed use of antibiotics, the interaction between humans or from animal sources. Still, there is limited focus on the role of environmental factors, especially water. This study aimed to detect the blaCTX-M group 1 gene in Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from drinking water in Khartoum State. Methods Two hundred and eighty water samples were collected from different localities in Khartoum State and resources. Isolation and identification of E. coli performed by using lauryl tryptose broth, Brilliant Green Bile Broth, biochemical reaction, and culture characteristics on EMB media. Antimicrobial sensitivity tests were performed for all isolated bacteria using cefotaxime (30μg), gentamycin (10μg), tetracycline (25μg) and chloramphenicol (30μg) by agar diffusion method. DNA extracted by boiling method, bacterial genomic DNA used as a template to detect the blaCTX-M group 1 gene by PCR. Results The result displayed that eighty-six (30.7%) E. coli isolated out of two hundred and eighty water samples. Out of eighty-sixing isolated bacteria, 49% (42/86) were from Khartoum locality, 28% (24/86) were from Omdurman locality, and 23% (20/86) were from Khartoum North locality. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that the highest resistant percentage was 59% for tetracycline, followed by 35% for gentamycin. While for chloramphenicol and cefotaxime were 22% and 20%, respectively. CTX-M group 1 gene was detected in 40% of all isolates. Conclusion This study concludes that drinking water in Khartoum State might be contaminated with faces and be a possible source for the transmission of resistant bacteria to humans.
Polymerization of Bacillus Subtilis MreB on A Lipid Membrane Reveals Lateral Co-Polymerization of MreB Paralogs and Strong Effects of Cations on Filament Formation
Authors: Dersch Simon , Reimold Christian , Breddermann Hannes , Heimerl Thomas , Soufo Hervé Joel Defeu , Graumann Peter 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background MreB is a bacterial ortholog of actin and forms mobile filaments underneath the cell membrane, perpendicular to the long axis of the cell, which play a crucial role for cell shape maintenance. We wished to visualize Bacillus subtilis MreB in vitro and therefore established a protocol to obtain monomeric protein, which could be polymerized on a planar membrane system, or associated with large membrane vesicles. Results Using a planar membrane system and electron microscopy, we show that Bacillus subtilis MreB forms bundles of filaments, which can branch and fuse, with an average width of 70 nm. Fluorescence microscopy of non-polymerized YFP-MreB, CFP-Mbl and mCherry-MreBH proteins showed uniform binding to the membrane, suggesting that 2D diffusion along the membrane could facilitate filament formation. After addition of divalent ions, all three proteins formed highly disordered filaments that appeared to branch and fuse, such that at high protein concentration, MreB and its paralogs generated a network of filaments extending away from the membrane. Filament formation was positively affected by divalent ions and negatively by monovalent ions. YFP-MreB or CFP-Mbl also formed filaments between two adjacent membranes, which frequently has a curved appearance. New MreB, Mbl or MreBH monomers could add to the lateral side of preexisting filaments, and MreB paralogs co-polymerized, indicating direct lateral interaction between MreB paralogs. Conslusions Our data show that B. subtilis MreB paralogs do not easily form ordered filaments in vitro, possibly due to extensive lateral contacts, but can co-polymerase. Monomeric MreB, Mbl and MreBH uniformly bind to a membrane, and form irregular and frequently branched filamentous structures, facilitated by the addition of divalent ions, and counteracted by monovalent ions, suggesting that intracellular potassium levels may be one important factor to counteract extensive filament formation and filament branching in vivo.
Extreme Risk Protection Orders in King County, Washington: The Epidemiology of Dangerous Behaviors and an Intervention Response
Authors: Frattaroli Shannon , Omaki Elise , Molocznik Amy , Allchin Adelyn , Hopkins Renee , Shanahan Sandra , Levinson Anne 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background. Extreme Risk Protection Order (ERPO) laws are a promising gun violence prevention strategy. ERPO laws allow specific categories of people (law enforcement in all states, family in most) to petition the court to request that an individual be temporarily prohibited from purchasing and possessing firearms because that individual is behaving dangerously and at risk of violence, either to themselves or others. In 2017 Washington’s ERPO law took effect. King County developed a comprehensive approach to implementing ERPOs. The early experience of King County offers important insight into how early adopters of this policy are incorporating EPRO into their approach to gun violence prevention.Methods. We systematically reviewed, abstracted and coded data from every ERPO petition filed in King County in 2017 and 2018, and all ERPO court records associated with those petitions. We conducted descriptive analyses of the coded data.Results: Seventy-five ERPO petitions were filed in King County during the study period. Judges granted a temporary ERPO in all 75 cases; 65 (87%) of these cases resulted in a one-year ERPO. Law enforcement initiated 73 (97%) of these petitions, and family members filed the remaining two. The 75 petitions filed described respondents’ risk as to “themselves only” in 30 cases (40%), to “others only” in 20 cases (27%) and “to themselves and others” in 25 cases (33%). Five cases where the threat was to “others only” met a definition of mass shooting threat. For 95% of the temporary ERPOs issued, the courts’ reasoning for issuing ERPOs included either current violence or brandishing a firearm. Court records for the 75 cases detail firearms removed and/or include receipts for removed firearms in 61 cases (81%) either as part of ERPO precipitating events (n=13, 17%) or in conjunction with ERPO service (n=48, 64%).Conclusions. These findings suggest that Washington’s ERPO law is being applied when someone is threatening violence or brandishing a gun and at least one other risk factor is present. The early experience of King County provides insight into how this law is being implemented in one jurisdiction and how courts are evaluating such cases.
Feasibility and Efficacy of Lung Ultrasound to Diagnose Postoperative Hypoxemia-A Prospective Study
Authors: Xie Chen , Sun Kai , You Yueyang , Ming Yue , Yu Xiaoling , Yu Lina , Huang Jiapeng , Yan Min 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Postoperative hypoxemia is associated with morbidity and mortality. We aim to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of lung ultrasound (LUS) to diagnose pulmonary complications in patients suffering from hypoxemia after general anesthesia, and compare to thoracic computed tomography (CT).Methods Adult patients received general anesthesia and suffered from hypoxemia in the PACU, were analyzed. Hypoxemia was defined as a SPO2 less than 92% for greater than 30 seconds on room air. LUS was performed by a trained anesthesiologist once hypoxemia occurred. After LUS examination, each patient was transported to radiology department for thoracic CT scan within 1 hour before returning to the ward.Results From January 2019 to May 2019, 113 patients (61 men) undergoing abdominal surgery (45 patients, 39.8%), video-assisted thoracic surgery (31 patients, 27.4%), major orthopedics surgery (17 patients, 15.0%), neurosurgery (10 patients, 8.8%) and other surgery (10 patients, 8.8%) were included. CT diagnosed 327 of 1356 lung zones as atelectasis while LUS revealed atelectasis in 311 of the CT-confirmed zones. Pneumothorax was detected by CT scan in 75 quadrants, 72 of which were detected by LUS. Pleural effusion was diagnosed in 144 zones on CT scan and LUS detected 131 of these zones. LUS was reliable in diagnosing atelectasis (sensitivity 98.0%, specificity 96.7% and diagnostic accuracy 97.2%), pneumothorax (sensitivity 90.0%, specificity 98.9% and diagnostic accuracy 96.7%) and pleural effusion (sensitivity 92.9%, specificity 96.0% and diagnostic accuracy 95.1%).Conclusions Lung ultrasound is feasible, efficient and accurate in diagnosing different etiologies of postoperative hypoxia in the PACU.
Top coal caving parameters of the thick lower seam in ultra-close multiple seams with combined mining
Authors: Zhang Ningbo , Liu Changyou , Zhou Jingfeng , Guo Fengqi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In the combined mining of ultra-close multiple seams with thin upper seam and thick lower seam, the mining of thin upper seam may lead to damages of the interburden and collapse of overburden. As a result, the roof of the thick lower seam in the fully mechanized caving process is turned into layers consisting of parts with different medium characteristics, in terms of damage severity and rock size, and the caving and recovery of top coal is significantly affected. Therefore, we propose a study of top coal caving and roof rock movement law under different fracture conditions based on two dimensional discrete element numerical simulation software program. The results revealed that roof rock channeling into the top coal was observed in the coal caving process in the presence of a huge difference between the lump sizes of roof rock and top coal of the lower seam, resulting in low recovery ratio. And the one cut/one caving upward caving pattern was the optimized top coal caving parameter. This study serves as a reference for future studies of top coal recovery in the combined mining of contiguous coal seams with thin upper seam and thick lower coal seam.
Opposing functions of β-arrestin 1 and 2 in Parkinson’s disease via microglia inflammation and Nprl3
Authors: Fang Yinquan , Jiang Qingling , Li Shanshan , Zhu Hong , Ding Xiao , Xu Rong , Chen Miaomiao , Song Nanshan , Song Mengmeng , Ding Jianhua , Lu Ming , Wu Guangyu , Hu Gang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Although β-arrestins (ARRBs) regulate diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes, their function and regulation in Parkinson’s disease (PD) remain poorly defined.
Methods
We measured expression of ARRB1 and ARRB2 in liposaccharide (LPS)-induced and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mice. ARRB1-deficient and ARRB2-deficient mouse were used to assess the impact of ARRBs on dopaminergic (DA) neuron loss and microglia activation in PD mouse models. After primary mouse DA neurons were exposed to the conditioned medium from ARRB1 knockdown or ARRB2 knockout microglia stimulated by LPS plus interferon γ (IFN-γ), the degeneration of DA neurons was quantified. Gain- and loss-of-function studies were used to study the effects of ARRBs on microglia activation in vitro. To further understand the mechanism, we measured the activation of classical inflammatory pathways and used RNA sequencing to identify the novel downstream effector of ARRBs.
Result
In this study, we demonstrate that expression of ARRB1 and ARRB2, particularly in microglia, is reciprocally regulated in PD mouse models. ARRB1 ablation ameliorates, whereas ARRB2 knockout aggravates, the pathological features of PD, including DA neuron loss, neuroinflammation and microglia activation in vivo, as well as microglia-mediated neuron damage and inflammation in vitro. In parallel, ARRB1 and ARRB2 produce adverse effects on the activation of inflammatory signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways in microglia. We also show that two ARRBs competitively interact with activated p65 in the NF-κB pathway and that nitrogen permease regulator-like 3 (Nprl3), a functionally poorly characterized protein, is a novel effector acting downstream of both ARRBs.
Conclusion
Collectively, these data demonstrate that two closely related ARRBs have completely opposite functions in microglia-mediated inflammatory responses, via Nprl3, and differentially affect the pathogenesis of PD, and suggest a potential therapeutic strategy.
Assessing the external validity of the VALIDATE-SWEDEHEART trial
Authors: Rylance Rebecca , Wagner Philippe , Omerovic Elmir , Held Claes , James Stefan , Koul Sasha , Erlinge David 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The VALIDATE-SWEDEHEART trial was a registry-based randomized trial comparing bivalirudin and heparin in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. It showed no differences in mortality at 30 or 180 days. This study examines how well the trial population results may generalize to all of the screened patients with fulfilled inclusion criteria for mortality at 30 and 180 days.Methods The standardized difference in the mean propensity score for trial inclusion between the trial population and the screened not-enrolled with fulfilled inclusion criteria population was calculated as a metric of similarity. A predefined criterion of ≤ 0.25 was used. Predictions were futher used to standardize the observed trial results to all the screened patients with fulfilled inclusion criteria through an inverse-probability weighted Cox regression analysis, thereby evaluating the generalizability of the trial results to this population. An adjusted Cox regression analysis was applied to analyze differences in mortality with respect to anticoagulant treatment between the trial population and the screened not enrolled with fulfilled inclusion criteria.Results The propensity-score difference was 0.61, above the limit defining similar populations. There were no significant differences in mortality between bivalirudin and heparin in the inverse-probability weighted analysis [HR 1.11, 95% CI (0.73 1.68)]. In the interaction analysis, the neutral effect of bivalirudin vs. heparin remained in the screened not-enrolled with fulfilled inclusion criteria population [HR 1.01, 95% CI (0.63 1.61)].Conclusion The propensity-score difference demonstrated that the screened not enrolled with fulfilled inclusion criteria and the trial population were not similar. The inverse-probability weighted analysis showed no significant differences in mortality associated with treatment in either of the populations as was reiterated by the Cox analysis. From these analyses, we conclude that the VALIDATE trial results may be generalized.