bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PARAMETER SPRAY GUN TERHADAP KEKILAPAN PADA PELAPISAN BAJA KARBON RENDAH (ST37)
Authors: Rohman Miftakhul , Darsin Mahros , Qoryah Rika Dwi Hidayatul 
Published: September 2020

Two purposes of painting of the automobile body, i.e. protection and aesthetic. For the aesthetic one, scientifically measured its glossiness. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of painting parameters using a spray to its glossiness. Three parameters varied were: (i) comparison of paint composition and thinner (1:1.2; 1:1.4 and 1:1.6), (ii) spraying distance (110 mm, 130 mm and 150 mm), and air pressure (3.5 bar; 4.5 bar and 5.5 bar, while the glossiness measured in gloss unit (GU) using a gloss meter. The experimental design method used was the response surface method with Box-Behnken design. A series of tests were carried out prior to ANOVA and optimization with Minitab: (i) lack of fit test, (ii) simultaneous parameter test, (iii) the coefficient of determination test, (iv) identical test, (v) independent test and (vi) normal distribution test. Out of three parameters, the most influential one is composition with a coefficient of mathematical equation of 6.592. In this study, the highest value in the 10th trial was 57.3 GU which was occurred when the parameters used were: distance of 130 mm, composition 1: 1.6 and pressure 3.5 bar. On the contrary, the smallest value GU in the 7th experiment was 35 GU with a distance of 110 mm, composition 1:1.4 and pressure 5.5 bar. From processing data using Minitab, the maximum gloss value was 58.76 GU with distance 116.86 mm, composition 1: 1.6 and pressure 3.5 bar.
Keywords: painting, Box-Behnken design, gloss meter
ANALISIS TEGANGAN PADA ELBOW PIPE SA 123 Gr.T22 DI SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER
Authors: Siregar Abdul Haris , Sutjahjono Hary , Triono Agus 
Published: September 2020

Heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between fluids. The most cases of heat exchanger failure is leakage pipe. This study aims to see the effect of increasing the radius of the elbow pipe in the shell and tube heat exchanger on the stress due to internal and external pressure. The research using ANSYS 15 at elbow pipe radius 40 mm, 51 mm and 62 mm with internal pressure 20.4 MPa and external pressure 2.04 MPa. Obtained maximum results occur in 40 mm radius elbow pipe of 81,528 MPa and minimum result occurs in 62 mm of 76,212 MPa. The stress that occurs in all elbow pipe can be said safe because the stress value is still under the pipe material yield point.
UNJUK KERJA COOL BOX BERBASIS THERMOELEKTRIK COOLER DENGAN SINGLE DAN MULTI-STAGE TERMOELEKTRIK
Authors: Munawir Munawir , Sasongko Mega Nur , Hamidi Nurkholis 
Published: September 2020

Thermoelectric technology works by converting thermal energy into electricity directly or preferably. Thermoelectric technology works by converting thermal energy into electricity directly or preferably. Theuse of thermoelectric as a cooler in cool box systems has been extensively studied. The thermoelectric cool ability can be achieved depending on the design of a good system. Therefore, this study aims to determine the performance of thermoelectric cooler cool box based on single and multi stage. Tests carried out using cool boxes of dimensions of 31 cm x 19 cm x 24 cm witha thickness of 3 cm and with the TEC1 12706 module. The voltage used in each configuration is 12 Volts. Temperature data readings on laptops using DAQNavi_SDK data logger connected to type K thermocouples. The result showed the multi stage configuration reached a room temperature of around 19.3 oC and 21.8 oC for single stage. Meanwhile, the multi stage configuration COP value is 1.36 and with a single stage configuration is0.88. It can be concluded that the thermoelectric configuration has an influence on the performance of the cool box system.
Keywords: Cool box, Thermoelectric module, Multi stage, single stage, COP
ANALISIS KARAKTERISASI SERBUK BIOKERAMIK DARI CANGKANG TELUR AYAM BROILER
Authors: Hoten Hendri Van 
Published: September 2020

The research is about analysis of Nano Sized Bioceramic Characterization Using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). In the previous research, optimization of the parameters of making nano powders on Ball Mill machines using the Taguchi and ANOVA methods. The optimum parameters of the Taguchi Design analysis were grinding rate, grinding time and Ball Powder Ratio respectively 250 rpm, 3 hours and 1: 6. After that the characterization of the powder use a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Powder size measurement use SEM tools obtained the smallest average size of 1.305 mm while using TEM tools showed the average size of the smallest powder between 50-100 nm. TEM test results were confirmed again using PSA. The results of the characterization using PSA showed that the particle size in the range 100-300 nm was approximately 80%
The validity of floating chambers in quantifying CO2 flux from headwater streams
Authors: Rawitch M. J. , Macpherson G. L. , Brookfield A. E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe amount of CO2 exiting headwater streams through degassing plays an important role in the global carbon cycle, yet quantification of CO2 degassing remains challenging because of the morphology of headwater streams and because of uncertainty about whether floating or suspended chambers provide valid measurements in moving water. We show that experiments using large and small floating chambers in flowing water over a moderate range of water velocities (0.13–0.23 m s−1) in a laboratory flume resulted in similar k600s to published field measurements with similar water velocities. We confirmed the flume experiments with paired stirred-still beaker experiments, where resulting k600s fell within the extrapolated trend of the flume experiments. We propose that the floating chambers can provide good estimates of CO2 degassing, particularly in shallow, low-velocity, morphologically complex headwater streams, permitting quantification of this important contributor to the global carbon cycle.
Sensitivity of contaminant spread to decay rate in water distribution systems with implications for the spread of emerging contaminants
Authors: Pilarski Danielle C. , Barkdoll Brian D. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
‘Emerging contaminants’ are newly introduced into the environment through release into surface waters from wastewater treatment effluent, manufacturing, and agricultural use. How emerging contaminants move through water systems is unclear. Since the decay rates of emerging contaminants in piping systems have not been determined, this study determines the importance of decay rate on concentration throughout a distribution system and also determines how the system layout effects concentration. Systems were modeled to determine the time to peak contamination for a clean system becoming contaminated, as well as a contaminated system being cleaned of contamination. It was found that only emerging contaminants with second-order decay at the highest rate observed did not build up to high concentrations. The position of storage tanks in the distribution system affected the rate at which contaminants cleared the system, and systems with a branched layout could be cleared of contamination faster than systems containing loops.
Investigating Mental Health of US College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Wang Xiaomei , Hegde Sudeep , Son Changwon , Keller Bruce , Smith Alec , Sasangohar Farzan 
Published: September 2020

Background
Evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic has generally increased levels of stress and depression among the public. However, the impact on college students in the United States has not been well-documented.

Objective
This paper surveys the mental health status and severity of depression and anxiety of college students in a large university system in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
An online survey was conducted among undergraduate and graduate students recruited from Texas A&M University via email. The survey consisted of two standardized scales—the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the General Anxiety Disorder-7—for depression and anxiety, and additional multiple-choice and open-ended questions regarding stressors and coping mechanisms specific to COVID-19.

Results
Among the 2031 participants, 48.14% (n=960) showed a moderate-to-severe level of depression, 38.48% (n=775) showed a moderate-to-severe level of anxiety, and 18.04% (n=366) had suicidal thoughts. A majority of participants (n=1443, 71.26%) indicated that their stress/anxiety levels had increased during the pandemic. Less than half of the participants (n=882, 43.25%) indicated that they were able to cope adequately with the stress related to the current situation.

Conclusions
The proportion of respondents showing depression, anxiety, and/or suicidal thoughts is alarming. Respondents reported academic-, health-, and lifestyle-related concerns caused by the pandemic. Given the unexpected length and severity of the outbreak, these concerns need to be further understood and addressed.
El Libro blanco de la Comisión Europea o el intento de lograr el humanismo tecnológico
Authors: Gudin Faustino 
Published: September 2020

Artificial intelligence (AI) is gradually changing the whole life of society and, as a consequence, the Law who rule this society. With recent progress in digitized data acquisition, machine learning and computing infrastructure, AI applications are expanding into areas that were previously thought to be only a matter of human experts. It is, in addition, irrelevant whether people believe that technology generates need, or need invents technology, the result will be the same: there is no turning back. The EU is trying to adapt to this new scenario, the main goal, a real Herculean task, is based on making compatible, on one hand, respec fundamental rights, and on the other hand, the risks which involve the new techs. In this review article,we outline recent breakthroughs in AI technologies and their practical applications, identify the challenges for further progress in AI systems and how they could couple in the current legal framework. We consider White Paper on Artificial Intelligence a starting point to implement a solid European regulatory frameworkfor trustworthy AI. Therefore, we should not concentrate on the more negative aspects, the technology has the power to protect all European citizens (e. g. controlling communicable diseases) and helps to create a frictionless internal market for further development and, at the same time. Nevertheless, we detect some weak points and legal loopholes that we also cannot fail to mention.
The Implementation of Accrual Basis Accounting in Indonesian Local Government
Authors: Jonathan Albertus Theo , Aswar Khoirul , . Ermawati 
Published: September 2020

This study is based on the Government Regulation No 71 of 2010 concerning Government Accounting Standards which have been enacted since 2015. In the period of this regulation enactment, there are obstacles that occur and it causes culpabilities in accrual basis accounting reporting. The objective of this study is to discover the factors which affect the accrual basis accounting implementation. Utilizing institutional theory as the theoretical basis to establish the framework that correlate training, communication, educational background, organizational culture, and implementation of accrual basis accounting. This study was conducted using quantitative method in local government of Bekasi. Therefore, this study contributes to regional government in order to able to provide the input in implementing a policy, specifically the Government Accounting Standards; provide information in regard to the obstacles and solutions which affects the implementation accrual basis accounting in Regional Government; and be able to evolve and intensify the application of public sector governance, and also can be function as a suggestion for the public in creating policies and to ensure the fully-implementation in Regional Government
The Effect of Instructional Approaches and Learning Styles on Students’ Achievement of Grammar
Authors: Saragih Rista Damesari , Sihombing Lince , Setia Eddi 
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this research are to investigate whether: (1) students’ achievement of grammar taught by applying inductive approach higher than taught by applying deductive approach, (2) achievement of grammar of visual learning style students higher than achievement of grammar of auditory learning style students, and (3) there is an interaction between instructional approaches and learning styles on the students’ achievement of grammar. The population was students of Grade X of Vocational High School 1 Beringin Deli Serdang. Based on Cluster Sampling technique, two classes were chosen, namely Grades X1 and X3. The data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA with 2 × 2 factorial design. The result reveals that (1) Students` grammar achievement taught by using inductive instructional approach is higher than that taught by using deductive instructional Approach (81,20 > 72,10), (2) Students with visual learning style have higher achievement in grammar than students with auditory learning style (81,90 > 72) and (3) there is significant interaction between instructional approaches and learning styles on students` achievement of grammar (4.906 > 3.96). Thus, it can be concluded that the application of instructional approaches and learning styles can affect students` achievement in grammar. Keywords: Grammar; Instructional Approach; Learning Styles
The Effect of Students’ Learning Models and Style on Students’ Achievement in Reading
Authors: Nainggolan Elisa P.N. , Gurning Busmin , Sumarsih Sumarsih 
Published: September 2020

The objectives of the research were to find out whether a) students’ achievement in reading comprehension taught by using Jigsaw model was higher than taught by using Task-Based Learning (TBL) b) students’ achievement in reading comprehension with visual style was higher than that students with auditory style. The population was the students of SMA Budi Murni 2 Medan with 104 students. The samples were 3 parallel classes and two classes by applying cluster random sampling. The questionnaire was administered for classifying the students upon the visual and auditory learning style. The data were analyzed by applying two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the level of significance α= 0.05. The result proved that students’ achievement in reading comprehension taught by using Jigsaw was higher than that taught by using TBL, students’ achievement in reading comprehension with visual learning style was higher than those with auditory learning style and there was interaction between models of learning and learning styles on students’ achievement in reading comprehension. Moreover, Tuckey-test result also showed that visual style students got higher achievement if they were taught by using Jigsaw model while auditory style students got higher achievement if they were taught by using TBL model. Keywords: Effect; Models of Learning; Reading Comprehension; Students’ Learning Style; Students’ Achievement
Patterns of Communication with Reference to Gender in Cooperative Learning Classroom
Authors: Rezeki Tri Indah , Saragih Amrin , Murni Sri Minda 
Published: September 2020

The main objectives of this research are to investigate patterns of communication with reference to gender in Cooperative Learning Classroom and to find out what contextual and psychological factors affect male and female students communicate in “report” type talk and “rapport” type talk in CL Classroom. The method of this study was descriptive qualitative research. The source of data was the students of the eighth grade of Ar-Rahman Junior High School in Percut. There was one CL classroom which consists of three groups with the total number of students is 15 students namely 8 female students and 7 male students. The data were collected by recording CL classroom, transcribing the male and female utterances and identifying communication patterns of male and female in CL classroom. The findings of the study are a) there are 17 sentences of male students communicate in “report” type talk and 15 sentences of female students communicate in “report” type talk; b)) there are 28 sentences of female students communicate in “rapport” type talk and 11 sentences of male students communicate in “rapport” type talk; c) contextual factor which is the type of evaluation/rewards is the most important role in male and female communication in classroom. Keywords: Male Communication Patterns, Female Communication Patterns, Cooperative Learning Classroom, Contextual Factors in Cooperative Learning, Psychological Factors in Cooperative Learning
Developing English Speaking Materials for Students of Culinary Study Program at Vocational School through Task-Based Learning
Authors: Erawati Fitri , Setia Eddy 
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this study are: 1) to evaluate the existing English speaking materials used currently by the culinary students; 2) to find out the relevant English speaking materials; 3) to develop the English speaking materials through task-based learning. This study was conducted by applying the four phases of educational research and development Gall, Gall and Borg. The technique of collecting the data are questionnaire and documentation. The technique of analyzing the data is descriptive technique. The source of the data is culinary students and existing syllabus and speaking materials. The result is all the students (100%) agree that the objective of the existing speaking materials is less relevant with the objective of the culinary study program. The score for the existing syllabus is 0.9, it means generally most of the element in the existing syllabus are less relevant with the culinary study program. The result is in grade ninety (90), it means that generally the whole package of the speaking materials are good, relevant and feasible to be learning source. Therefore, it is suggested for the English teacher to use the speaking materials in this study for the culinary students at SMKN 2 Kutacane. Keywords: English speaking materials, culinary study, vocational school
The Acquisition of Affixed Words by Five Year Old Indonesian Children
Authors: Hastuti Saptikaryani 
Published: September 2020

The aims of this study were to find out the formal affixes are acquired by the five year old Indonesian children and how the five year old male and female children acquired the formal affixes in Bahasa Indonesia. This study employed descriptive qualitative design. The data were the transcription of recorded observation and interview using audiovisual recorder in children interaction in doing their daily activities at home. The subjects were two males and females children age five years old who lived on Jalan Marelan VII, Medan. The data were analyzed by applying Interactive Model by Miles and Huberman (1994). The findings of this study revealed that, five year old children have acquired formal affixes namely; me-, di-, ber-, ke-, ter-, pe-, se-, -an, -kan, -i, ke-an, di-i, di-kan and per-an well. However there were some affixes that did not emerge in children conversation namely prefix per- and circumfix pe-an and ber-an. The way five year old children acquired formal affixes in Bahasa Indonesia namely; the first, is influenced by their environment such as from their family, relatives, caregivers and neighbors and the second is from the external factor such as from song and television program. Moreover, male children dominantly used prefix di- while female children dominantly used suffixes –an and –i. Keywords: affixes; children; circumfix; prefixes; suffixes
Speech Function in Raditya’s Utterances in Stand Up Comedy Show
Authors: Damanik Miranda Sari , Saragih Amrin 
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this study are (1) to describe the system network of speech functions dominantly used in Raditya Dika’s utterances in Stand Up Comedy Show, (2) to investigate speech function realized in moods in Raditya Dika’s utterances in Stand Up Comedy Show, and (3) to elaborate the reason the system network of speech function dominantly used. The research applies qualitative descriptive design. The source of data is Raditya Dika in Stand Up Comedy Show program on Metro TV. The research findings show that the system network of speech functions in Raditya Dika’s utterances are statement which was information was the most system network of statement and then followed by furry, disappointment, reason, blame , clarification, support, probability, hope, call, greeting. The next system network of speech functions dominantly used was question which was Wh-question and then followed by yes/no question. And the last was command. The dominant speech function of command was positive command and then followed by negative command. Statement, question, command, and where statement which realized in tagged declarative mood occurs most dominantly and then question realized by interrogative mood and command realized by imperative mood. The reasons are that every sentence has realized in the speech function and also speech function in semantics has realized in mood system in lexicogrammar. Keywords: interpersonal speech function, system network
Translation Procedures of Phrasal Verbs in Breaking Dawn Novel
Authors: Nasution Muhammad Muslim , Pulungan Anni Holila 
Published: September 2020

The objective of this study were (1) to describe types of phrasal verbs occurring in translating Breaking Dawn Novel (2) to describe procedures are used in translating Breaking Dawn Novel (3) to find out the most dominant phrasal verbs and procedures used in translating Breaking Dawn Novel. The data were phrasal verbs obtained from clause of Breaking Dawn novel. This research applied qualitative research design. The data were collected through documentary technique. The findings of this study showed that: 1) All of phrasal verbs were found in Breaking Dawn novel, they are type 1, type 2, type 3 and type 4, 2) there were six procedures used in translating phrasal verbs, they are Calque (8 data), Literal translation (35 data), transposition (107 data), modulation (82 data), equivalence (11 data), and Adaptation (3 data), 3) the dominant phrasal verbs occurred in Breaking Dawn novel was type 3 and the dominant procedures used in translating Breaking Dawn novel was transposition procedure. Keywords: translation procedures, phrasal verbs, novel
CODE SWITCHING IN SARAH SECHAN TALK SHOW PROGRAM ON NET TV
Authors: Maha Eka Rejeki , Zainuddin Zainuddin , Dirgeyasa I Wayan 
Published: September 2020

This study was aimed at examining code switching in Sarah Sechan talk show program on NET TV. The objectives of the study are to find out the types of code switching occurring in the talk show, the process of code switching, and the reasons for code switching in the talk show. This research was conducted by using qualitative descriptive design. The source of data was Sarah Sechan talk show. There were five episodes of Sarah Sechan talk show as the data of this study. The technique of data collection was documentary technique and the instrument of data collection was recorder. The technique of data analysis was interactive model by Miles, Huberman and Saldana (2014). The findings showed that all types of code switching occurred in Sarah Sechan talk show with different proportion. The most dominant type occurring in the talk show is intra sentential switchingThe processes of code switching occurred in Sarah Sechan talk show are insertion, alternation and congruent lexicalization. Reasons for using code switching were expressing solidarity, ethnic identity marker, changing the topic, switching for affective meaning, and emphasizing the meaning. Keywords: Code Switching, Types of Code Switching, Processes of Code Switching, Reasons for Code Switching, Talk Show