bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profound CD8 T cell responses towards the SARS-CoV-2 ORF1ab in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Gangaev Anastasia , Ketelaars Steven L. C. , Patiwael Sanne , Dopler Anna , Isaeva Olga I. , Hoefakker Kelly , Biasi Sara De , Mussini Cristina , Guaraldi Giovanni , Girardis Massimo , Ormeno Cami M. P. Talavera , Hekking Paul J. M. , Lardy Neubury M. , Toebes Mireille , Balderas Robert , Schumacher Ton N. , Ovaa Huib , Cossarizza Andrea , Kvistborg Pia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A large global effort is currently ongoing to develop vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. While there is accumulating evidence on the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2, little is known about the SARS-CoV-2 antigens that are targeted by CD8 T cells. To address this issue, we have analyzed samples from 20 COVID-19 patients for T cell recognition of 500 predicted MHC class I epitopes. CD8 T cell reactivity against SARS-CoV- 2 was common. Remarkably, a substantial fraction of the observed CD8 T cell responses were directed towards the ORF1ab polyprotein 1ab, and these CD8 T cell responses were frequently of a very high magnitude. The fact that a major part of the SARS-CoV-2 specific CD8 T cell response is directed against a part of the viral genome that is not included in the majority of vaccine candidates currently in development may potentially influence their clinical activity and toxicity profile.
Reheating and Magma Mixing Recorded by Zircon and Quartz from High-Silica Rhyolite in the Coqen Region, Southern Tibet
Authors: Chen Shao-Rong , Wang Qing , Zhu Di-Cheng , Weinberg Roberto F. , Zhang Liang-Liang , Zhao Zhi-Dan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Understanding the formation of high-silica rhyolites (HSRs, SiO2 = 75 wt%) is critical to revealing the evolution of felsic magma systems and magma chamber processes. This paper addresses HSR petrogenesis by investigating an integrated data set of whole-rock geochemistry, geochronology, and mineral composition of the ~74 Ma Nuocang HSR (SiO2 = 74.5–79.3 wt%) from the Coqen region in southern Tibet. Cathodoluminescence (CL) images show that zircons from the Nuocang HSRs can be divided into two textural types: (1) those with dark-CL cores displaying resorption features and overgrown by light-CL rims, and (2) those comprising a single light-CL zone, without dark-CL cores. In situ single-spot data and scanning images demonstrate that these two types of zircon have similar U-Pb ages (~74 Ma) and Hf isotopic compositions [εHf(t) = –9.09 to –5.39], indicating they were generated by the same magmatic system. However, they have different abundances of trace elements and trace element ratios. The dark-CL cores are likely crystallized from a highly evolved magma as indicated by their higher U, Th, Hf, Y, and heavy rare earth elements concentrations, lower Sm/Yb ratio, and more negative Eu anomalies. In contrast, the uniformly light-CL zircons and the light-CL rims are likely crystallized from less evolved and hotter magma, as indicated by their lower U-Th-REE abundances and higher Ti-in-zircon temperatures. This is consistent with the Ti-in-quartz geothermometer in quartz phenocrysts that reveals that the light-CL zones are hotter than dark-CL cores. We propose that the composition and temperature differences between cores and rims of zircons and quartz record a recharge and reheating event during the formation of the Nuocang HSRs. This implies that HSR is a result of mixing between a hotter, less evolved silicic magma and a cooler, highly evolved, and crystal-rich mush. This study shows that zircon and quartz with distinct internal textures can be combined to disentangle the multi-stage evolution of magma reservoirs, providing critical insights into the origin of HSRs.
Adipokines as Potential Biomarkers in the Neurorehabilitation of Obese Stroke Patients
Authors: Ciancarelli Irene , Morone Giovanni , Iosa Marco , Paolucci Stefano , Pignolo Loris , Tonin Paolo , Cerasa Antonio , Ciancarelli Maria Giuliana Tozzi 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Limited studies concern the influence of obesity-induced dysregulation of
adipokines in functional recovery after stroke neurorehabilitation.

Objective:
To investigate the relationship between serum leptin, resistin, and adiponectin and functional
recovery before and after neurorehabilitation of obese stroke patients. The adipokine potential
significance as prognostic markers of rehabilitation outcomes was also verified.

Methods:
Twenty obese post-acute stroke patients before and after neurorehabilitation and thirteen
obese volunteers without-stroke, as controls, were examined. Adipokines were determined by commercially
available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Functional deficits were assessed
before and after neurorehabilitation with the Barthel Index (BI), modified Rankin Scale
(mRS), and Functional Independence Measure (FIM).

Results:
Compared to controls, higher leptin and resistin values and lower adiponectin values were
observed in stroke patients before neurorehabilitation and no correlations were found between adipokines
and clinical outcome measures. Neurorehabilitation was associated with improved scores of
BI, mRS, and FIM. After neurorehabilitation, decreased values of Body Mass Index (BMI) and
resistin together increased adiponectin were detected in stroke patients, while leptin decreased but
not statistically. Comparing adipokine values assessed before neurorehabilitation with the outcome
measures after neurorehabilitation, correlations were observed for leptin with BI-score, mRS-score,
and FIM-score. No other adipokine levels nor BMI assessed before neurorehabilitation correlated
with the clinical measures after neurorehabilitation. The forward stepwise regression analysis identified
leptin as prognostic factor for BI, mRS, and FIM.

Conclusions:
Our data show the effectiveness of neurorehabilitation in modulating adipokines levels
and suggest that leptin could assume the significance of biomarker of functional recovery.
Learning the Edit Costs of Graph Edit Distance Applied to Ligand-Based Virtual Screening
Authors: Garcia-Hernandez Carlos , Fernández Alberto , Serratosa Francesc 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Graph edit distance is a methodology used to solve error-tolerant graph matching.
This methodology estimates a distance between two graphs by determining the minimum number of
modifications required to transform one graph into the other. These modifications, known as edit operations,
have an edit cost associated that has to be determined depending on the problem.

Objective:
This study focuses on the use of optimization techniques in order to learn the edit costs used
when comparing graphs by means of the graph edit distance.

Methods:
Graphs represent reduced structural representations of molecules using pharmacophore-type
node descriptions to encode the relevant molecular properties. This reduction technique is known as extended
reduced graphs. The screening and statistical tools available on the ligand-based virtual screening
benchmarking platform and the RDKit were used.

Results:
In the experiments, the graph edit distance using learned costs performed better or equally good
than using predefined costs. This is exemplified with six publicly available datasets: DUD-E, MUV,
GLL&GDD, CAPST, NRLiSt BDB, and ULS-UDS.

Conclusion:
This study shows that the graph edit distance along with learned edit costs is useful to identify
bioactivity similarities in a structurally diverse group of molecules. Furthermore, the target-specific
edit costs might provide useful structure-activity information for future drug-design efforts.
A Deep Neural Network to Distinguish COVID-19 from other Chest Diseases Using X-ray Images
Authors: Albahli Saleh 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Scanning a patient’s lungs to detect Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) may
lead to similar imaging of other chest diseases. Thus, a multidisciplinary approach is strongly required
to confirm the diagnosis. There are only a few works targeted at pathological x-ray images.
Most of the works only target single disease detection which is not good enough. Some works have
been provided for all classes. However, the results suffer due to lack of data for rare classes and data
unbalancing problem.

Methods:
Due to the rise in COVID-19 cases, medical facilities in many countries are overwhelmed
and there is a need for an intelligent system to detect it. Few works have been done regarding
the detection of the coronavirus but there are many cases where it can be misclassified as
some techniques are not efficient and can only identify specific diseases. This work is a deep learning-
based model to distinguish COVID-19 cases from other chest diseases.

Results:
A Deep Neural Network model provides a significant contribution in terms of detecting
COVID-19 and provides an effective analysis of chest-related diseases taking into account both
age and gender. Our model achieves 87% accuracy in terms of GAN-based synthetic data and presents
four different types of deep learning-based models that provide comparable results to other
state-of-the-art techniques.

Conclusion:
The healthcare industry may face unfavorable consequences if the gap in the identification
of all types of pneumonia is not filled with effective automation.
Management of Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Rendu-Osler Disease
Authors: Tortora Annalisa , Marmo Clelia , Gasbarrini Antonio , Costamagna Guido , Riccioni Maria Elena 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT, or Rendu-Osler-Weber disease)
is a rare inherited syndrome, characterized by artero-venous malformations (AVMs or telangiectasia)
with autosomal dominant transmission. AVMs can occur in any organ of the body but
most commonly it occurs in the nose, pulmonary, hepatic and cerebral circulations. In patients with
HHT, we report teleangectasia of mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract.

Methods:
Research and online content related to HHT online activity is reviewed, and DOC writing
excerpts are used to illustrate key themes.

Results:
Patients with HHT have a high rate of complications related to bleeding; of them gastrointestinal
bleeding accounts for 10.8%. Several therapies, both medical and endoscopic, were utilized
to reduce the need for transfusions and hospitalization.

Conclusion:
A combination of medical and endoscopic therapy is probably the best option.
Prophylactic Activity of Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles Against Chronic Toxoplasma gondii Infection
Authors: Keyhani Amir , Shakibaie Mojtaba , Mahmoudvand Hossein , Jahanbakhsh Sareh , Kareshk Amir T. , Shojaee Saeedeh , Ziaali Naser 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Studies showed that biogenic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs)
have a number of pharmacological properties, such as antimicrobial ones.

Objective:
The present investigation assesses the efficacy of biogenic selenium nanoparticles
(SeNPs) as a new patent against latent toxoplasmosis in a mice model.

Methods:
Male BALB/c mice were orally treated with SeNPs at the doses of 2.5, 5, 10
mg/kg once a day for 14 days. On the 15th day, the mice were infected with the intraperitoneal
inoculation of 20-25 tissue cysts from the Tehran strain of Toxoplasma gondii. The
mean numbers of brain tissue cysts and the mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-12, IL-10, IFN-γ,
and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in mice of each tested group were measured.
Moreover, serum clinical chemistry factors in treated mice were examined to determine
the safety of SeNPs.

Results:
The mean number of the brain tissue cysts was significantly (P<0.001) decreased
in mice treated with SeNPs at doses 2.5 (n=37), 5 (n=11), and 10 mg/kg (n=3) based on a
dose dependent manner compared with the control group (n=587). The mRNA levels of
IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-12, and iNO were significantly increased in mice treated with SeNPs at
the doses 10 mg/kg compared with control subgroups (p<0.05). No significant variation
(p>0.05) was observed in the clinical chemistry parameters among the mice in the control
subgroups compared with groups treated with SeNPs.

Conclusion:
The results of the present study showed a new patent in the treatment of toxoplasmosis;
so that taking the biogenic selenium nanoparticles in concentrations of
2.5-10 mg/kg for 2 weeks was able to prevent severe symptoms of the toxoplasmosis in a
mice model. This indicated the prophylactic effects of SeNPs with no considerable toxicity
against latent toxoplasmosis. However, more studies are required to elucidate the correct
anti-Toxoplasma mechanisms of SeNPs.
Association between Gasdermin A, Gasdermin B Polymorphisms and Allergic Rhinitis Amongst Jordanians
Authors: Zihlif Malek , Mahafza Tareq , Froukh Tawfiq , AL-Akhras Fatima M. , Alsalman Rami , Zuriekat Margaret , Naffa Randa 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Gasdermin A (GSDMA) and Gasdermin B (GSDMB) have been associated
with childhood and to a lesser extent with adult asthma in many populations. In this study, we investigate
whether there is an association between GSDMA (rs7212938, T/G) and GSDMB (rs7216389,
T/C) at locus 17q21.2 and risk of Allergic Rhinitis among Jordanians. Also, we aimed to determine if
there is an association between such polymorphisms and the IgE level.

Methods:
The study included 112 rhinitis patients and 111 Healthy controls. Gasdermin A (GSDMA)
(rs72129The study included 112 rhinitis patients and 111 Healthy controls. Gasdermin A (GSDMA)
(rs7212938, T/G) and Gasdermin B (rs7216389, T/C) polymorphisms were genotyped using the PCRRFLP
method.38, T/G) and Gasdermin B (rs7216389, T/C) polymorphisms were genotyped using the
PCR-RFLP method.

Results:
On the genotype level, three analysis models were applied namely co-dominant, dominant and
recessive genotypes. GSDMB CC genotype was found to have a significant protective effect against
allergic Rhinitis (< 0.05). cc genotype was also significantly associated with higher IgE level among
the studied population.

Conclusion:
The GSDMB CC of homozygous minor genotype showed a protective effect against Allergic
rhinitis. It also was found to be significantly associated with lower IgE level among the studied
population. No association was found between GSDMA with the risk of allergic Rhinitis.
The Relationship between the Risks of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Sotomayor-Beltran Carlos , Perez-Siguas Rosa , Matta-Solis Eduardo , Matta-Solis Hernan 
Published: June 2020

Background:Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has significantly increased in the past decades due to changes in lifestyles. This chronic disease is expected to be ranked in the seventh position by the year 2030 among the 15 leading causes of death. Poorly treated T2DM can be an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases as well (CVD).Objective:We have sought to determine a relationship between the risks of developing T2DM and CVD in a healthcare facility in the district of Breña (Lima, Peru).Methods:The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score survey and the Pan American Health Organization risk calculator were used on a sample of 150 patients. The inclusion criteria were: patient age 40-80 years, attended their medical appointment more than once, were overweight or showed cholesterol levels above normal values and lived within the catchment area of the healthcare center where the study was carried out.Results:Only 8.7% of our sample was at a low risk of developing T2DM, whereas the rest was at a slightly elevated, moderate and high risk. Additionally, 79.3% of the patients were at low risk of developing CVD. Using the Fisher’s Exact test, there was a significant difference (p=0.026) between the risk grading of developing T2DM and CVD.Conclusion:The risk of developing CVD in our population is expected to rise in the future due to the already observed high risk of developing T2DM. It is hoped that this work serves Peruvian (and other) health authorities to bolster their prevention programs, especially focusing on lifestyle interventions (e.g. increased physical activity), which have proven to be successful and economical.
The Effects of the Spacer on Radiochemical and Biological Properties of New Radiolabeled Bombesin(7-14) Derivative
Authors: Rezazadeh Farzaneh , Karoubian Sara , Abediankenari Saied , Sadeghzadeh Nourollah , Jandaghi Manouchehr , Rasuli Shayan 
Published: June 2020

Objective:
The aim of this study was to develop 99mTc-[HYNIC-X-D-Phe13]-BBN(7-14)NH2
derivatives using two different tripeptidic spacer groups (X=GGG and X=SSS) in order to improve its
pharmacokinetics, in vitro stability, specific binding, and affinity.

Background:
Bombesin (BBN), a 14-aminoacid amphibian peptide homolog of mammalian gastrinreleasing
peptide (GRP), has demonstrated the ability to bind with high affinity and specificity to GRP
receptor, which is overexpressed on a variety of human cancers.

Methods:
Peptide conjugates labeled with 99mTc using tricine-EDDA and radiochemical purity was
assessed by TLC and HPLC. The stability of radio conjugates was evaluated in the presence of saline
and human serum. Affinity, internalization, and also dissociation Constant was evaluated using MDAMB-
231 and PC-3 cell line. Biodistribution study was performed in BALB/C mice.

Results:
Labeling yield of ˃95% was obtained. The change introduced in the BBN sequence increased
plasma stability. In vitro blocking studies showed that binding and internalization of both radiolabeled
peptides are mediated by their receptors on the surface of MDA-MB-231 and PC-3 cells. Biodistribution
results demonstrated a rapid blood clearance, with predominantly renal excretion. Specific binding
in GRP receptor-positive tissues, such as pancreas was confirmed with a blocking study.

Conclusions:
The introduction of the spacer sequence between chelator and BBN(7-14) led to improved
bidistribution. Analog with tri-Gly spacer is the more promising radiopeptide for targeting GRP receptors
than Ser conjugates.

:
Therefore, these analogs can be considered as a candidate for the identification of bombesin-positive
tumors.
Report-writing Disposition and Achievement Orientation: An exploratory research on MUET students
Authors: Voon Boo Ho , Ai Kiat Teo , Voon Joyce E.C. 
Published: June 2020

This paper aimed to gauge the MUET students’ report-writing dispositions and achievement orientation as well as examine the influence of selected demographic variables on these two variables. The research was conducted on two groups of MUET students (79 students) in a government secondary school in Kuching. The findings indicated that the multi-item writing disposition and achievement orientation were reliable. These two variables were having a weak association. The report-writing dispositions of the surveyed MUET students were generally low, but their achievement orientations were satisfactory. The demographic variables had significant influences on their report-writing disposition, but not their achievement orientations.
Keywords: Report-writing disposition; Achievement orientation; MUET English.
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI1.2316
Tertiary Students’ Usage of Vocabulary Learning Strategies: A case study
Authors: Sidhu Gurnam Kaur , Mohamad Nor Nor Karina 
Published: June 2020

Instructors often lament on students’ limited critical reading skills due to “vocabulary deficit.” Therefore, this study investigated the vocabulary size and vocabulary learning strategies of 120 ESL respondents in a tertiary institution in Malaysia. Data were collected using a vocabulary test, a questionnaire, and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that the most favoured strategies were “determination strategies” which reflected respondents’ usage of shallow thinking while least favoured were “cognitive strategies” that demanded higher-level mental processing. No significant difference was recorded in strategy use based on gender. No relationship was found between the respondents’ vocabulary size and vocabulary learning strategies.
Keywords: tertiary students; vocabulary learning strategies; vocabulary size.
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI1.2318
The Effectiveness of Collaborative Teaching Method in Teaching Calculus I
Authors: Yusri Muhammad Yassar , Ahmad Shamsatun Nahar , Azman Ong Mohd Hanafi , Khalil Nosiah 
Published: June 2020

The collaborative teaching method is a method that requires students working together in groups to solve problems to perform better in their studies. This paper aims to determine the method’s effectiveness in teaching Calculus I in UiTMCJ. Some students were chosen to participate in this study. They were taught Calculus I using this method and were assessed by using pre-assessment and post-assessment questions. The scores were analyzed using the paired T-test method. The results suggest that this method is effective to be used to teach Calculus I in UiTMCJ.
Keywords: Collaborative teaching; Calculus I; concept, paired T-test.
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI1.2319