bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic antifibrotic effects of miR-451 with miR-185 partly by co-targeting EphB2 on hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Chen Xiaogang , Zhang Dan , Wang Yi , Chen Ke , Zhao Limeng , Xu Yating , Jiang Hulin , Wang Shuzhen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLiver fibrosis is a global health problem currently without clinically approved drugs. It is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) mainly produced by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Uncovering the mechanisms underlying the fibrogenic responses in HSCs may have profound translational implications. Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor B2 (EphB2) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that has been indicated to be a novel profibrotic factor involved in liver fibrogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the effects of miR-451 and miR-185 on the expression of EphB2 and their roles in liver fibrogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. We found that EphB2 upregulation is a direct downstream molecular event of decreased expression of miR-451 and miR-185 in the process of liver fibrosis. Moreover, miR-451 was unexpectedly found to upregulate miR-185 expression at the post-transcriptional level by directly targeting the nuclear export receptor exportin 1 (XPO-1) and synergistically suppress HSCs activation with miR-185. To investigate the clinical potential of these miRNAs, miR-451/miR-185 agomirs were injected individually or jointly into CCl4-treated mice. The results showed that coadministration of these agomirs synergistically alleviated liver fibrosis in vivo. These findings indicate that miR-451 and miR-451/XPO-1/miR-185 axis play important and synergistic regulatory roles in hepatic fibrosis partly through co-targeting EphB2, which provides a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis.
Correlated plasmons in the topological insulator Bi2Se3 induced by long-range electron correlations
Authors: Whitcher Thomas J. , Silly Mathieu G. , Yang Ming , Das Pranab Kumar , Peyrot David , Chi Xiao , Eddrief Mahmoud , Moon Jisoo , Oh Seongshik , Castro-Neto Antonio H. , Breese Mark B. H. , Wee Andrew T. S. , Silly Fabien , Rusydi Andrivo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRecently, electron correlation has been shown to play an important role in unconventional plasmon generation in highly correlated electron systems. Electrons in topological insulators, on the other hand, are massless and insensitive to nonmagnetic scattering due to their protection by time-reversal symmetry, which makes these materials appealing platforms for hosting exotic plasmonic excitations. Here, using a combination of angle-dependent spectroscopic ellipsometry and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy as a function of temperature supported by first-principles calculations, we reveal a new pair of correlated plasmonic excitations at 1.04 and 1.52 eV and a significant Fermi level shift of 0.12 eV accompanied by spectral weight transfer in the topological insulator bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3). Interestingly, such a spectral weight transfer over a broad energy range causes a drastic change in the charge carrier density whereby the contribution of charge carriers in the bulk starts to rival those in the surface states and Bi2Se3 becomes more uniformly conducting. Our results show the importance of electronic correlations in determining the electronic structure and appearance of correlated plasmons in topological insulators and their potential applications in plasmonics.
Arsenic induces mTOR-dependent autophagy, whereas it impairs the autophagy–lysosome pathway and the potential role of TFEB in cultured dendritic cells
Authors: Zhao Lu , Liu Xuping , Xu Guowei , Guo Yuanyuan , Sun Lin , Zhang Chenchen , Li Xin , Li Bing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Arsenic is a toxic metalloid, which also compromises immunity and causes various immunological disorders. Exposure to arsenic exerts the immunosuppressive properties of dendritic cells (DCs). Autophagy is a self-renewal process of cells, which degrades damaged macromolecules and organelles through the lysosomal pathway. Thus, herein, we attempt to clarify the impacts of autophagy and the autophagy–lysosome pathway on arsenic-exposed DCs. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were exposed to different concentrations of arsenic (0.25, 0.5 and 1 μM) with or without LPS stimulation. Initially, we observed that arsenic induced autophagosome accumulation, significantly enhanced the LC3 II and p62 expressions and down-regulated the p-mTOR protein levels. We also determined that arsenic-induced autophagy occurred via an mTOR pathway. The results further revealed that arsenic inhibited autophagic flux in LPS-stimulated BMDCs using the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ). Meanwhile, arsenic significantly decreased the number of lysosomes, protein expression of lysosomal-specific markers LAMP1 and LAMP2, and the protein levels of lysosomal cysteine cathepsins (CTSD and CTSL). Moreover, the overexpression of transcription factor EB (TFEB), the master transcriptional regulator of autophagy and lysosome biogenesis, partially relieved arsenic-inhibited lysosomal CTSD and CTSL expressions, recovered the disorder of autophagic flux, promoted the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12, and reduced anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 secretion. In summary, our results support the idea that arsenic induces autophagy through an mTOR-dependent pathway in cultured BMDCs. Meanwhile, arsenic weakens the process of autophagic flux, which may be partially due to lysosomal dysfunction. Furthermore, we also suggest that TFEB can positively act on the autophagy–lysosome pathway and influence the expression of immunocytokines in DCs.
Association between melatonin receptor gene polymorphisms and polycystic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yi Shiqi , Xu Jiawei , Shi Hao , Li Wenbo , Li Qian , Sun Ying-pu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a kind of common gynecological endocrine disorder. And the mutations of melatonin receptor (MTNR) genes are related to the occurrence of PCOS. But previous researches have shown opposite results. So, the object of our systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the relationship between MTNR 1A/B polymorphisms and PCOS.
Methods: PubMed, Embase, Ovid, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and three Chinese databases (VIP, CNKI and Wanfang) were used to retrieve eligible articles published between January 1980 and February 2020. And we used the odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) to investigate the strength of the association by six genetic models, allelic, codominant (homozygous and heterozygous), dominant, recessive and superdominant models. Review Manager 5.3, IBM SPSS statistics 25 and Stata MP 16.0 software were used to do this meta-analysis.
Results: Our meta-analysis involved 2553 PCOS patients and 3152 controls, for two single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs10830963 C&gt; G in MTNR1B and rs2119882 T&gt; C in MTNR1A) and significant associations were found in some genetic models of these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). For rs10830963, strongly significant was found in the heterozygote model (GC vs. CC, P=0.02). Additionally, a slight trend was detected in the allelic (G vs. C), homozygote (GG vs. CC) and dominant (GG+GC vs. CC) model of rs10830963 (P=0.05). And after further sensitivity analysis, a study with high heterogeneity was removed. In the allelic (P=0.000), homozygote (P=0.001), dominant (P=0.000) and recessive (GG vs. GC+CC, P=0.001) model, strong associations between rs10830963 and PCOS were found. Moreover, for rs2119882, five genetic models, allelic (C vs. T, P=0.000), codominant (the homozygote (CC vs. TT, P=0.000) and heterozygote model (CT vs. TT, P=0.02), dominant (CC + CT vs. TT, P=0.03) and recessive model (CC vs. CT + TT, P=0.000) showed significant statistical associations with PCOS.
Conclusion: MTNR1B rs10830963 and MTNR1B rs2119882 polymorphisms are associated with PCOS risk. However, the above conclusions still require being confirmed by much larger multi-ethnic studies.
A Systematic Review of the Physiological Effects of the Effortful Swallow Maneuver in Adults With Normal and Disordered Swallowing
Authors: Bahia Mariana M. , Lowell Soren Y. 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
This systematic review summarizes the biomechanical and functional effects of the effortful swallow in adults with and without dysphagia, highlighting clinical implications and future research needs. Specifically, the effects of the effortful swallow on swallowing physiology, safety, and efficiency were identified, as well as the strengths and limitations of current research.

Method
Recommendations specified by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses were followed. A literature search of three databases and relevant articles cited in the searched studies was performed. Two evaluators independently analyzed the studies for eligibility criteria, and final inclusion of studies was decided by consensus. Evaluators also assessed each study for quality of evidence.

Results
Twenty-three studies were included in this systematic review. Main findings indicated that the effortful swallow generated greater pressures in the tongue-to-palate, pharynx, upper esophageal sphincter, and esophageal regions. Inconsistent results for hyolaryngeal excursion were reported, as well as for swallowing function. Instructions of the effortful swallow varied greatly across studies. Two of the 23 studies were judged to be of high quality, and the remaining studies were of medium quality based on the quality indicators of this review.

Conclusions
Biomechanical effects of the effortful swallow included increased pressures in the oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal regions. Future investigations should address the effects of the effortful swallow in individuals with dysphagia and its potential role as a rehabilitative maneuver. Moreover, standardization of the effortful swallow instructions based on its physiological and functional effects is essential.
Enrichment of the HR 8799 planets by minor bodies and dust
Authors: Frantseva K. , Mueller M. , Pokorný P. , van der Tak F. F. S. , ten Kate I. L. 
Published: May 2020

Context. In the Solar System, minor bodies and dust deliver various materials to planetary surfaces. Several exoplanetary systems are known to host inner and outer belts, analogues of the main asteroid belt and the Kuiper belt, respectively.
Aims. We study the possibility that exominor bodies and exodust deliver volatiles and refractories to the exoplanets in the well-characterised system HR 8799.
Methods. We performed N-body simulations to study the impact rates of minor bodies in the system HR 8799. The model consists of the host star, four giant planets (HR 8799 e, d, c, and b), 650 000 test particles representing the inner belt, and 1 450 000 test particles representing the outer belt. Moreover we modelled dust populations that originate from both belts.
Results. Within a million years, the two belts evolve towards the expected dynamical structure (also derived in other works), where mean-motion resonances with the planets carve the analogues of Kirkwood gaps. We find that, after this point, the planets suffer impacts by objects from the inner and outer belt at rates that are essentially constant with time, while dust populations do not contribute significantly to the delivery process. We convert the impact rates to volatile and refractory delivery rates using our best estimates of the total mass contained in the belts and their volatile and refractory content. Over their lifetime, the four giant planets receive between 10−4 and 10−3 M⊕ of material from both belts.
Conclusions. The total amount of delivered volatiles and refractories, 5 × 10−3 M⊕, is small compared to the total mass of the planets, 11 × 103 M⊕. However, if the planets were formed to be volatile-rich, their exogenous enrichment in refractory material may well be significant and observable, for example with JWST-MIRI. If terrestrial planets exist within the snow line of the system, volatile delivery would be an important astrobiological mechanism and may be observable as atmospheric trace gases.
Stellenwert der Bildgebung für das Re-Staging von Halslymphknotenmetastasen nach primärer Strahlentherapie − HN-Onkoimage-1
Authors: Seebauer Caroline , Hagemann Jan , Symeou Luisa , Bozzato Alessandro , Wirth Gesine , Miederer Matthias , Künzel Julian 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungDerzeit existieren für Kopf- und Halskarzinome (HNSCC) keine evidenzbasierten Leitlinien für das Re-Staging oder die Tumornachsorge nach primärer Radio(chemo)therapie. In Deutschland ist die hochauflösende Sonografie mit Verwendung von Farbduplexverfahren neben der Computertomografie (CT) und der Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) ein bewährtes Verfahren zur Therapiekontrolle (Re-Staging) im Rahmen der Tumornachsorge nach der Primärtherapie von Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen. Die PET/CT gilt seit Kurzem als Standard. Es fehlt an klaren Empfehlungen, wie sich die unterschiedlichen in der Routine angewendeten Verfahren ergänzen. Außerdem fehlt es an validen Selektionsalgorithmen für die Indikation zur PET/CT. Indikationen für und wider eine Salvage Neck Dissection werden häufig als Einzelfallentscheidung getroffen. Dieser Artikel soll die gängigen Re-Staging Modalitäten darstellen und ein aktuelles Studienkonzept kurz erläutern.
Ambulante Finanzierung von PET/CT-Untersuchungen
Authors: Mohnike Wolfgang , Mohnike Konrad , Lampe Matthias , Dresel Stefan , Müller Frank H. H. 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungAmbulante PET/CT-Leistungen sind für gesetzlich Versicherte nur für eine begrenzte Anzahl an Indikationen über den EBM erstattungsfähig. Für andere wichtige Indikationen erweist sich der Prozess der Beurteilung und Aufnahme in den EBM als außerordentlich langwierig, sodass über die Einzelfallentscheidung hinaus Sonderwege etabliert wurden, durch die sich Betroffene einer PET/CT-Untersuchung zulasten der GKV unterziehen können. Hierzu gehören die Besondere Versorgung, die ASV und Erprobungsstudien. Zusätzlich zur komplexen Erstattungssituation hat der Gesetzgeber den PET-Anwendern Qualitätssicherungsmaßnahmen auferlegt, deren Nichteinhaltung Sanktionen nach sich zieht. Dieser Artikel soll einen Überblick über die Möglichkeiten, Anforderungen und Hürden bieten, ambulante PET-Diagnostik über die GKV abzurechnen.
Neue Therapieoption zur individualisierten Titration von Levodopa
Authors: Jost Wolfgang H. , Ebersbach Georg , Kassubek Jan , Klebe Stephan , Tönges Lars 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungL-Dopa ist das wirksamste Medikament zur Therapie des idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndroms. Im Verlauf der Erkrankung lässt die Speicherfähigkeit dopaminerger Neurone nach, weshalb sich die Wirkdauer der Halbwertszeit angleicht. Daraus resultieren Wirkfluktuationen, und als weitere Konsequenz des engen therapeutischen Fensters treten Dyskinesien auf. Therapeutisch wird die L-Dopa-Gabe weiter fraktioniert und die Einzeldosis reduziert. Mit den herkömmlichen L-Dopa-Formulierungen ist dies nur sehr beschränkt möglich. Deshalb darf die Einführung von wasserlöslichen Mikrotabletten à 5 / 1,25 mg L-Dopa/Carbidopa als hilfreiche Erweiterung angesehen werden, die eine Feintitrierung der dopaminergen Stimulation erlaubt. Wir stellen dieses neue Therapieprinzip, die vorliegenden Daten sowie Konzepte der klinischen Umsetzung dar.
Force and phosphate release from Arp2/3 complex promote dissociation of actin filament branches
Authors: Pandit Nandan G. , Cao Wenxiang , Bibeau Jeffrey , Johnson-Chavarria Eric M. , Taylor Edwin W. , Pollard Thomas D. , De La Cruz Enrique M. 
Published: May 2020

Significance
Arp2/3 complex is an ATPase that binds to the side of a preexisting actin filament and nucleates an actin filament branch. Growing branched networks experience variable resistance and respond by adapting growth speed, power, and architecture. How force influences the dissociation of actin filament branches was not known. We used microfluidics to show that mechanical force promotes the dissociation of actin filament branches and that Arp2/3 complex adopts two distinct mechanical states with different responses to force. Phosphate release from Arp2/3 complex increases the sensitivity to both force and the debranching protein GMF. Thus, phosphate release from Arp2/3 complex may regulate debranching by force and debranching proteins.
Bonded but un-bonded
Authors: Takekuro Makiko 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Based on
naturally-occurring conversations and interview
narratives collected on Ishigaki Island in Japan’s
Okinawa Prefecture, this chapter presents
instances of “bonded but un-bonded” experience.
Drawing on the notion of discordance (Takekuro
2018), the chapter will bring unexpressed
conflicts into sharp focus. Through participants’
comments that suggest that they were not as bonded
as it seemed in their interaction, I will show
that aspects of bonding and un-bonding (defined as
a lack of or the opposites of bonding) are
intertwined in social life. Exploring the
resulting ambiguity of the two aspects, I attempt
to emphasize the importance of ethnographic
research and of incorporating the opposites of
bonding in considering how bonds are created and
maintained.
Social consequences of common ground in the
act of bonding
Authors: Yamaguchi Masataka 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This chapter is concerned
with the act of “bonding” in intercultural
encounters. Drawing on a sociocognitive theory
of context, I analyze interactions taken from my
fieldwork in the United States and research
interviews in New Zealand. Against the dominant
trend of antimentalism in linguistic anthropology,
I focus on common ground (CG) as a cognitive
context in interaction. Analytically, I attend to
face strategies and relationship implicative
actions. My point is argue that the notion of CG
needs to be refined and extended by taking into
account ideological components. For further
empirical studies, I suggest that we should
specify what kinds of ideologies are integrated
into components of common ground and explore how
we can create bonding between participants with
conflicting ideologies across national boundaries.
Implications for linguistic anthropology are also
discussed from an evolutionary perspective.
Familial bonding
Authors: Sunakawa Chiho 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this chapter, I discuss
how the sense of familial bonding emerges in
webcam-mediated interactions between Japanese
families in Japan and the United
States. I argue that a close relationship between
participants who rarely meet in person is an
interactional achievement. My analytical foci are
twofold. First, I analyze how participants repeat
each other’s utterances and bodily movements such
as hand gestures and facial expressions. Through
what I call ‘mediated repetitions’, participants
share understanding and encourage the virtual
participants’ involvement in locally unfolding
interaction frames. Second, I investigate how the
organization of talk becomes relevant as
participants maneuver webcams. I argue that the
interactional efforts of coordinating repetitions
and converting webcam capabilities into new
interactional modalities contribute to the
creation of a sense of bonding across geographical
boundaries.
Related wild species for breeding of tomato resistant to early blight disease (Alternaria solani)
Authors: Chaerani  
Published: May 2020

AbstractTomato (Solanum lycopersicumL.) is susceptible to many fungal diseases, including early blight of foliage caused by the necrotroph fungusAlternaria solani. Frequent application of fungicide is the major component to keep the disease low. Resistant tomato cultivar is the most desirable as it can reduce the cost of disease control significantly. So far, sources of resistance to early blight can only be found in wild relative species of tomato, and few of them have been used in traditional breeding. Unfortunately, tomato lines bred from wild donor parent still exhibit poor horticultural performances like low yield, and late maturity, and indeterminate plant habit, which hinders the release of these lines directly as cultivars. The quantitative expression and polygenic control of the early blight resistance trait, as well as the influence of plant developmental stages and environmental conditions, complicate phenotypic selection in traditional breeding. Genotypic selection by using closely linked-markers to the resistance loci is thus preferred, but mapping of early blight resistance QTL in interspecific crosses of tomato have not obtained markers which are useful for marker-assisted breeding. This review presents sources of early blight resistance in wild species of tomato and efforts in dissecting early blight resistance QTL via linkage analysis with molecular markers. Strategies to obtain closely-linked markers and genomics-assisted breeding to facilitate the introgression of useful resistance genes to cultivated tomato are discussed.
On importance of technical and economic research in determining the optimal parameters and structure of solar heat pump plants
Authors: Amerkhanov R A , Grigorash O V , Armaganyan E G 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The energy saving in production processes of industrial agricultural production as well as in everyday life was studied. The effective means of saving fuel resources and environmental protection when using solar heating systems were given. The increasing importance of technical and economic studies to determine the structure of solar heat pump installations and their optimal parameters was shown. The types of technical schemes and profiles of equipment in the stages of design work are presented. Various methods for determining efficiency in the energy sector as well as thermodynamic analysis and its disadvantages are presented. The use of this method is proposed to consider exergy economic optimization using exergy efficiency.
Modeling methods to assess technical condition of low-pressure earthen dams
Authors: Bandurin M A , Vanzha V V , Shishkin A S , Litovko F S , Sidakov A A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The paper discusses the main parameters of the modern modeling methods and its application, which are used to assess the technical condition of long-running, low-pressure earthen dams. In Russia, the matter on justification to extend the operation life for hydraulic constructions of irrigation systems requires to be overhauled and discussed more. During the long-term operation of the low-pressure earthen dams, many construction elements can fail. Based on the surveys performed, the technical condition of the Kuban and Protoka rivers regulation system for a significant length is assessed as emergency. Over a long period of operation, some significant damages and changes in the main constructions of the river regulation system occurred. As a result of numerical experiments, the boundaries of the low-pressure earthen dams containing typical damage of the same type were systematized, which allows streaming the process of laying down the radarograms of georadar sounding subsurface and determining the points at which concrete strength should be measured during a field examination. As a result of numerical experiments conducted by the finite element method, the reliability of the low-pressure earthen dams of irrigation systems has been simulated to identify various combinations of possible destructive impacts. The degree of danger and the boundaries showing some characteristic zones of destruction which can occur in the low-pressure earthen dams’ parts have been defined. Empirical dependencies have been obtained to evaluate the performance of the low-pressure earthen dams with a changing location and nature of the lesions, allowing determining the maximum allowable damage scope for further safe operation of a hydraulic construction.