bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Two Breastfeeding Positions on Maternal Comfort and Infant Feeding Behaviors through Video Teaching among Postnatal Mothers
Authors: D'Souza Smitha , Thomas Timi , Paul Shynee 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Introduction Breastfeeding is not a choice but it is a responsibility. While breastfeeding may not seem the right choice for every parent, it is the best choice for every baby. Antenatal education motivates the mothers who are undergoing Cesarean section to prepare themselves, so as to establish a wonderful efficient latch. The aim of this study was to conclude which breastfeeding position may be the best choice for the mother with Caesarean section. The objectives of the study were (1) to identify the maternal comfort and infant feeding behaviors in groups 1 and 2, (2) to compare the maternal comfort and infant feeding behaviors between the groups, and (3) to find the association between maternal comforts with selected demographic characteristics. The literature also very well supports that especially the mothers with Cesarean section achieve very good maternal comfort, greater satisfaction, and favorable infant feeding behaviors in side-lying position. Thus, the researcher attempts to compare the cradle hold and side-lying breastfeeding position in terms of maternal comfort and efficient latch.
Materials and Methods An evaluative research approach was used and the design selected for the study was quasiexperimental for two groups posttest only. Sample comprised of 70 antenatal mothers with elective Cesarean section (35 in each group) admitted at K.S. Hegde Hospital in Deralakatte, Mangalore. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the samples. Data were collected by using demographic proforma, maternal comfort rating scale, and infant behavior checklist.
Results The results of the study shows that there was significant difference in the mean posttest scores between cradle hold and side-lying breastfeeding position. Mothers from the side-lying breastfeeding position group showed higher maternal comfort, mean posttest score, and favorable infant feeding behaviors than the cradle hold breastfeeding position. The independent sample t test revealed that the calculated t value for maternal comfort and infant feeding behaviors within the group and between the group less than the table value t (0.05, 68 = −2.042).
Conclusion This study explores that mothers with Cesarean section show greater maternal comfort and favorable infant feeding behaviors in side-lying breastfeeding position between the groups and within the groups than the cradle hold.
Automatic argumentation mining and the role of stance and sentiment
Authors: Stede Manfred 
Published: February 2020

AbstractArgumentation mining is a subfield of Computational Linguistics that aims (primarily) at automatically finding arguments and their structural components in natural language text. We provide a short introduction to this field, intended for an audience with a limited computational background. After explaining the subtasks involved in this problem of deriving the structure of arguments, we describe two other applications that are popular in computational linguistics: sentiment analysis and stance detection. From the linguistic viewpoint, they concern the semantics of evaluation in language. In the final part of the paper, we briefly examine the roles that these two tasks play in argumentation mining, both in current practice, and in possible future systems.
A probabilistic assessment of the Indo-Aryan Inner–Outer Hypothesis
Authors: Cathcart Chundra A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper uses a novel data-driven probabilistic approach to address the century-old Inner-Outer hypothesis of Indo-Aryan. I develop a Bayesian hierarchical mixed-membership model to assess the validity of this hypothesis using a large data set of automatically extracted sound changes operating between Old Indo-Aryan and Modern Indo-Aryan speech varieties. I employ different prior distributions in order to model sound change, one of which, the Logistic Normal distribution, has not received much attention in linguistics outside of Natural Language Processing, despite its many attractive features. I find evidence for cohesive dialect groups that have made their imprint on contemporary Indo-Aryan languages, and find that when a Logistic Normal prior is used, the distribution of dialect components across languages is largely compatible with a core-periphery pattern similar to that proposed under the Inner-Outer hypothesis.
Violence metaphors for cancer
Authors: Wackers Dunja Y. M. , Plug H. José , Steen Gerard J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The use of violence metaphors for cancer has been widely criticised both in academic and non-academic contexts
(see Harrington, 2012; Semino et al., 2015).
Whereas previous research on violence metaphors for cancer has focused on the use and functions of these metaphors by and for
different stakeholder groups, no studies to date have examined the (various) arguments that are raised in public discourse that is
critical of said metaphors. Applying concepts from pragma-dialectical argumentation theory (Van Eemeren & Grootendorst, 1992), this paper sets out to analyse types of argumentation occurring in critical
public discussions of violence metaphors for cancer. Close argumentative analyses of actual discourse examples will be provided in
order to illustrate the differences between two types of argumentation in particular, i.e. pragmatic and symptomatic
argumentation.
A multifactorial analysis of metaphors in political discourse
Authors: Zeng Huiheng , Tay Dennis , Ahrens Kathleen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe rising prominence of women in politics has sparked a growing interest in comparing the language of male and female politicians. Many researchers have explored whether gender in politics has had an impact on their metaphor styles. While these studies have been oriented qualitatively and have concentrated on the two-way interaction between metaphor and gender, the possibility that metaphor and gender may interact with other additional factors is largely overlooked. This article adopts a quantitatively oriented approach complemented with textual analysis to explore potential multiple-way interactions between ‘metaphor’, ‘gender’, ‘speech section’ and ‘political role’ in political discourse. By conducting a case study of metaphor use in Hong Kong political speeches, we found evidence of gendered metaphors and their variability according to politicians’ political roles and different rhetorical sections in their speeches.
Insight to the residue in P2 position prevents the peptide inhibitor from being hydrolyzed by serine proteases
Authors: Xue Guangpu , Xie Xie , Zhou Yang , Yuan Cai , Huang Mingdong , Jiang Longguang 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Peptidic inhibitors of proteases are attracting increasing interest not only as drug candidates but also for studying the function and regulation mechanisms of these enzymes. Previously, we screened out a cyclic peptide inhibitor of human uPA and found that Ala substitution of P2 residue turns upain-1 to a substrate. To further investigate the effect of P2 residue on the peptide behavior transformation, we constructed upain-1-W3F, which has Phe replacement in the P2 position. We determined KD and Ki of upain-1-W3F and found that upain-1-W3F might still exist as an inhibitor. Furthermore, the high-resolution crystal structure of upain-1-W3F·uPA reveals that upain-1-W3F indeed stays as an intact inhibitor bind to uPA. We thus propose that the P2 residue plays a nonnegligible role in the conversion of upain-1 to a substrate. These results also proposed a strategy to optimize the pharmacological properties of peptide-based drug candidates by hydrophobicity and steric hindrance.
Abbreviations : uPA: urokinase-type plasminogen activator; SPD: serine protease domain; S1 pocket: specific substrate-binding pocket
Dim light, sleep tight, and wake up bright – Sleep optimization in athletes by means of light regulation
Authors: Knufinke Melanie , Nieuwenhuys Arne , Geurts Sabine A.E. , Møst Els I.S. , Moen Maarten H. , Maase Kamiel , Coenen Anton M.L. , Gordijn Marijke C.M. , Kompier Michiel A.J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDespite an elevated recovery need, research indicates that athletes often exhibit relatively poor sleep. Timing and consolidation of sleep is driven by the circadian system, which requires periodic light–dark exposure for stable entrainment to the 24‐hour day, but is often disturbed due to underexposure to light in the morning (e.g. low‐level indoor lighting) and overexposure to light in the evening (e.g. environmental and screen‐light). This study examined whether combining fixed sleep schedules with light regulation leads to more consolidated sleep. Morning light exposure was increased using light‐emitting goggles, whereas evening light exposure was reduced using amber‐lens glasses.Using a within‐subject crossover design, twenty‐six athletes (14 female, 12 male) were randomly assigned to start the intervention with the light‐regulation‐week or the no light‐regulation‐week. Sleep was monitored by means of sleep diaries and actigraphy.Due to low protocol adherence regarding the fixed sleep‐wake schedules, two datasets were constructed; one including athletes who kept a strict sleep‐wake schedule (N = 8), and one that also included athletes with a more lenient sleep‐wake schedule (N = 25). In case of a lenient sleep‐wake schedule, light regulation improved self‐reported sleep onset latency (Δ SOL = 8 min). This effect was stronger (Δ SOL = 17 min) and complemented by enhanced subjective sleep quality in case of a strict sleep‐wake schedule. None of the actigraphy‐based estimates differed significantly between conditions. To conclude, light regulation may be considered a potentially effective strategy to improve subjective sleep, but less obtrusive methods should be explored to increase protocol compliance.
Optimal control of Raman pulse sequences for atom interferometry
Authors: Saywell Jack , Carey Max , Belal Mohammad , Kuprov Ilya , Freegarde Tim 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We present the theoretical design and experimental implementation of mirror and beamsplitter pulses that improve the fidelity of atom interferometry and increase its tolerance of systematic inhomogeneities. These pulses are designed using the GRAPE optimal control algorithm and demonstrated experimentally with a cold thermal sample of 85Rb atoms. We first show a stimulated Raman inversion pulse design that achieves a ground hyperfine state transfer efficiency of 99.8(3)%, compared with a conventional π pulse efficiency of 75(3)%. This inversion pulse is robust to variations in laser intensity and detuning, maintaining a transfer efficiency of 90% at detunings for which the π pulse fidelity is below 20%, and is thus suitable for large momentum transfer interferometers using thermal atoms or operating in non-ideal environments. We then extend our optimization to all components of a Mach–Zehnder atom interferometer sequence and show that with a highly inhomogeneous atomic sample the fringe visibility is increased threefold over that using conventional π and π/2 pulses.
Stimulus outputs induced by subdural electrodes on the cervical spinal cord in monkeys
Authors: Kato Kenji , Nishihara Yoko , Nishimura Yukio 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objective. Spinal stimulation is a promising method for restoring the function of paralyzed limbs following neurological damage to descending pathways. The present study examined the forelimb movements and muscle responses evoked by subdural spinal stimulation of the cervical cord in sedated monkeys or during an arm-reaching task. Approach. We chronically implanted a platinum subdural electrode array with eight channels over the dorsal-lateral aspect of the cervical enlargement. The electrodes had a diameter of 1 mm and an inter-electrode center-to-center distance of 3 mm. Subdural spinal micro-stimulation was delivered at sites while the monkeys were sedated or performed arm-reaching movements. Main results. The evoked movements clearly showed the somatotopic map of the output sites; the electrodes located on the rostral cervical cord tended to induce movements of the proximal arm, whereas the caudal electrodes tended to induce movements of the distal joints, such as the wrist and digits. To document the muscle responses evoked by subdural spinal stimulation, stimulus-triggered averages of rectified electromyograms were compiled when the monkeys performed an arm-reaching task or were sedated. Under sedation, evoked facilitative muscle responses were observed in vicinity muscles. In contrast, during the task, stimulation evoked facilitative or suppressive responses in multiple muscles, including those located on proximal and distal joints, while somatotopy became blurred under sedation. Furthermore, stimulation during tasks activated synergistic muscle groups. For example, stimuli strongly facilitated finger extensor muscles, but suppressed the antagonist muscles. Significance. These dynamic changes in muscle representation by subdural cervical spinal stimulation between sedated and awake states help our understanding of the nature of spinal circuits and will facilitate the development of neuroprosthetic technology to regain motor function after neural damage to the descending pathways.
Bonjol Geothermal Structure Based on 2D Inversion of Magnetotelluric Data
Authors: Joni Wiwid , Hermawan Dudi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Bonjol geothermal area is located in Pasaman Regency, Province of West Sumatera. The existence of geothermal system is characterized by hot springs, and rock alterations by temperature 50 - 88°C. Magnetotelluric (MT) survey had been conducted by Geological Agency in 2009 and 2018 to identify the geothermal promising zones. Utilizing 2D inversion model of MT data can delineate the conductivity structure to identify where geothermal system is located. MT data result showed that low resistivity in the northern part is around Takis, Sungai Limau, and Kambahan hotsprings, and in the southern part is around Padang Baru hotspring interpreted as cap rock of Bonjol geothermal system. The existence of top reservoir of Bonjol geothermal system is about 800 until 1000 meters depth. The promising area are located in the northern part area around Takis, Sungai Limau, and Kambahan hot springs, and in the southern part area around Padang Baru hot spring.
Critical condition parameters and kinetics of dynamic recrystallization for hot deformed 1 wt%Cr-1 wt%Mo rotor steel
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Nath Sumeer K 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Isothermal hot compression tests of low alloy 1 wt%Cr–1 wt%Mo medium carbon rotor steel were carried out over the temperature range from 850 °C–1050 °C under three strain rates

ε
̇

varying from 0.001 s−1–0.1.1 s−1. The hot deformation behavior, activation energy and material constants were determined by constitutive analysis. Onset of critical condition parameters for dynamic recrystallization (DRX) of the present steel were determined with the help of mathematical models developed by Poliak and Jonas. DRX kinetics were studied to determine the fraction of dynamic recrystallization with the help of Avrami type model. Also, the values of Avrami power exponent

(
n
)

and material constant

(
K
)

were calculated for Avrami equation in each deformation condition. Optical and scanning electron (SEM) micrographs of the as-received and the deformed specimens were analyzed to understand the flow stress behavior of this steel.
Off-singularity bounds and Hardy spaces for Fourier integral operators
Authors: Hassell Andrew , Portal Pierre , Rozendaal Jan 
Published: February 2020

We define a scale of Hardy spaces

H

F
I
O

p

(

R

n

)

\mathcal {H}^{p}_{FIO}(\mathbb {R}^n)

,

p
∈
[
1
,
∞
]

p\in [1,\infty ]

, that are invariant under suitable Fourier integral operators of order zero. This builds on work by Smith for

p
=
1

p=1

[J. Geom. Anal. 8 (1998), pp. 629–653]. We also introduce a notion of off-singularity decay for kernels on the cosphere bundle of

R

n

\mathbb {R}^n

, and we combine this with wave packet transforms and tent spaces over the cosphere bundle to develop a full Hardy space theory for oscillatory integral operators. In the process we extend the known results about

L

p

L^{p}

-boundedness of Fourier integral operators, from local boundedness to global boundedness for a larger class of symbols.
Gender-specific risk for late-life suicide in rural China: a case-control psychological autopsy study
Authors: Niu Lu , Ma Zhenyu , Jia Cunxian , Zhou Liang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
despite unique gender patterns of suicide among older people in rural China, research addressing this issue is scarce. This study aims to clarify the gender-specific risk factors of late-life suicide in rural China.

Methods
the study included 242 persons (51% male) aged 60 and above who had committed suicide between June 2014 and September 2015 in the rural areas of three provinces of China. Using 1:1 matched case-control design, 242 living controls matched in age, gender and neighbourhood were randomly selected. Psychological autopsy interviews and psychological assessments were conducted with two informants for each suicide and living control, respectively.

Results
men used alcohol before suicide more than women (12.6 versus 4.7%, P &lt; 0.05). There was no gender difference in suicide method, suicide intent and previous attempts. Univariate analysis showed that married status, mental disorder, depressive symptoms, hopelessness, impulsivity, loneliness, social support, family function and quality of life were associated with suicide in both genders. For men, other risk factors were chronic physical illness and functions of daily living. Variables remaining in the multivariable model for both men and women were depressive symptoms and hopelessness.

Discussion
depression and hopelessness are the two major risk factors for suicide among both older men and woman in rural China. Suicide prevention programmes focusing on depression and hopelessness in this population are indicated. Also needed are continued efforts to develop and refined gender-specialised strategies to identify high-risk individuals or groups and to enhance targeted support in the rural community.
Autobiographical Narrative of Traumatic Experience: Disruption and Resilience in South African Truth Commission Testimonies
Authors: Anthonissen Christine 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFollowing a suggestion by Crosthwaite (2005) that autobiographical narratives can be viewed as organizational practices, this article turns attention to events of recalling and articulating personal histories of trauma produced during and after the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) hearings of 1996–8. Witness testimonies at the TRC were institutionally framed to fit the aims of national reconciliation in ways that may have limited the kinds of contribution witnesses unfamiliar with the institutional structure could make. Discourses recorded at the human rights violations hearings of the TRC give evidence of speakers recalling traumatic events of state violence that disrupted their lives and displaced them both physically and psychologically. This article considers how traumatic experience poses challenges to the coherence of autobiographical narrative as well as how narrative structures that do not fit institutionally introduced formats can become opaque to the institutional setting. It will also reflect on how the Truth Commission narrations of trauma carry linguistic and cultural cues that signal not only disruption but also the resilience of the narrator.
An Insight into South African Multilingual Students’ Perceptions about Using Translanguaging During Group Discussion
Authors: Mbirimi-Hungwe Vimbai 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The recent shift in the field of applied language studies has shown that multilingualism has benefits when used for academic purposes. The study aimed to find out students’ perceptions about the use of translanguaging to understand academic concepts. The study used five first-year South African medical students at a South African university who participated in a focus group discussion. The focus group discussion aimed to find out if the use of translanguaging enhances students’ comprehension of texts. Participants affirm that with translanguaging, understanding of difficult academic concepts in English can be enhanced. Findings from this study prompt me to assert that multilingualism is a useful asset that can be leveraged by using translanguaging in multilingual classrooms to enhance reading comprehension. What is required is for lecturers to tap into students’ linguistic resources to enhance their understanding of concepts.
Do Genital Cosmetic Procedures Improve Women’s Self-Esteem? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sharp Gemma , Maynard Pascale , Hudaib Abdul-Rahman , Hamori Christine A , Oates Jayson , Kulkarni Jayashri , Sarwer David B 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
The popularity of genital cosmetic procedures in women is increasing. These procedures are often assumed and promoted as having a positive effect on women’s psychological well-being, particularly their self-esteem. Empirical support for these claims is lacking.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of genital cosmetic procedures on self-esteem in women.

Methods
The authors performed a systematic literature review of MEDLINE, PreMEDLINE, Ebase, EMBASE, OVID, CINAHL, Cochrane, PsycINFO, and PubMed to identify articles that measured self-esteem in women after a genital cosmetic procedure. A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the pooled effect of these procedures on self-esteem.

Results
The authors identified 5 eligible studies for the meta-analysis, comprising 2 prospective and 3 retrospective studies. Labia minora reduction was the most commonly studied procedure. All 5 studies used different measures of self-esteem, with only 1 study employing a validated psychometric measure at both preoperative and postoperative time points. The meta-analysis results showed a pooled logit rate estimate of 1.230, indicating a positive effect of surgery on self-esteem. However, there was substantial heterogeneity across studies.

Conclusions
Female genital cosmetic procedures, particularly labiaplasty, appear to have a positive effect on women’s self-esteem. However, inconsistencies in study measures and methods limit our conclusions. Future research should involve the development of standardized outcome measures to more accurately assess the impact of these procedures on self-esteem, and on psychological well-being more generally.

Level of Evidence: 3
Sparse semiparametric canonical correlation analysis for data of mixed types
Authors: Yoon Grace , Carroll Raymond J , Gaynanova Irina 
Published: February 2020

SummaryCanonical correlation analysis investigates linear relationships between two sets of variables, but it often works poorly on modern datasets because of high dimensionality and mixed data types such as continuous, binary and zero-inflated. To overcome these challenges, we propose a semiparametric approach to sparse canonical correlation analysis based on the Gaussian copula. The main result of this paper is a truncated latent Gaussian copula model for data with excess zeros, which allows us to derive a rank-based estimator of the latent correlation matrix for mixed variable types without estimation of marginal transformation functions. The resulting canonical correlation analysis method works well in high-dimensional settings, as demonstrated via numerical studies, and when applied to the analysis of association between gene expression and microRNA data from breast cancer patients.