bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Research on Control Index of Urban Industrial Lands
Authors: He Zhimin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Because of the shortage of industrial lands, the control index of industrial lands is being worked out all over China. Three main compiling methods: statistical analysis method, techno-economic analysis method and analogy analysis method, were discussed. The Z-value method was used to compare four key indicators from the technical standards of industrial lands in six cities of China, as plot ratio, investment intensity of fixed assets, land output rate and land tax output rate. It shows the relationship between control index and industrial characteristics, and providing basis for formulation of industrial lands control index.
2D Hydraulic modelling of the main urban area of Chongqing, Part 1: model building and calibration
Authors: Ge Hua , Deng Chunyan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The main urban area of Chongqing reach is located at the fluctuating backwater area of the Three Gorges reservoi. The operation of the reservoir has a significant impact on the erosion and deposition of this reach, not only the total amount and scope, but also the period in one year. In this paper, a two-dimensional hydraulic mathematical model was built in order to simulate the sediment deposition in this reach. The calibration was carried out by using some series of field data to provide the accurate parameters, such as roughness, sediment capacity. And values of roughness, coefficient and index of sediment carrying capacity, saturation coefficient of deposition and erosion are suggested after the calibration.
Realising superoscillations: A review of mathematical tools and their application
Authors: Rogers K S , Rogers E T F 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Superoscillations are making a growing impact on an ever-increasing number of real-world applications, as early theoretical analysis has evolved into wide experimental realisation. This is particularly true in optics: the first application area to have extensively embraced superoscillations, with much recent growth. This review provides a tool for anyone planning to expand the boundaries in an application where superoscillations have already been used, or to apply superoscillations to a new application. By reviewing the mathematical methods for constructing superoscillations, including their considerations and capabilities, we lay out the options for anyone wanting to construct a device that uses superoscillations. Superoscillations have inherent trade-offs: as the size of spot reduces, its relative intensity decreases as high-energy sidebands appear. Different methods provide solutions for optimising different aspects of these trade-offs, to suit different purposes. Despite numerous technological ways of realising superoscillations, the mathematical methods can be categorised into three approaches: direct design of superoscillatory functions, design of pupil filters and design of superoscillatory lenses. This categorisation, based on mathematical methods, is used to highlight the transferability of methods between applications. It also highlights areas for future theoretical development to enable the scientific and technological boundaries to be pushed even further in real-world applications.
Preservative or Transformative? Theorizing the U.K. Constitution Using Comparative Method
Authors: Eric Khushal Murkens Jo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The complexities of the United Kingdom’s decision to withdraw from the European Union while simultaneously honoring its prior commitments to its decentralized, autonomous, and constituent regions have put constitutional questions back on the map. The dominant approach analyzes these questions premised on the “preservative” view of the constitution. This view prioritizes the stability and continuity of the institutions in Westminster (Parliament) and Whitehall (central executive). However, the preservative view of the constitution is theoretically and practically deficient as it cannot give an account of the multipolar and decentralized developments of the past twenty years. Another interpretation regards the legal and political changes to the constitution as “transformative.” This view accentuates the fragility of the U.K. constitution due to a plurality of constitutional rules and the ongoing processes of devolution of powers within multilevel systems of government. This Article discusses that evolution of the U.K. constitution through the prism of comparative constitutional law and its appropriate methodology. The preservative model of the constitution favors a universalist method, whereas the transformative model requires a contextualist method. I argue that the experience of supranational (European Union) and infranational (devolution) power sharing has fundamentally altered the United Kingdom’s central constitutional concepts. To stabilize its fragmentary forces, the United Kingdom needs to adopt concepts that reflect the state as divided, the constitution as transitional, sovereignty as an attribute of the state rather than Parliament, and democracy as conflicted. Nothing less than the future of the United Kingdom as a state is at stake.
Cuing Prospective Memory With Smartphone-Based Calendars in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: El Haj Mohamad , Moustafa Ahmed A , Gallouj Karim , Allain Philippe 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
We investigated the effect of using smartphone-based calendars (Google and Outlook Calendar) on prospective memory in Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Methods
we recruited two groups of participants with mild AD. In one group, prospective memory was cued by a paper-and-pencil calendar, whereas in the second group prospective memory was cued by a smartphone calendar application. After 2 weeks of training to familiarize the participants with calendar use, we invited participants to perform three prospective events per week (e.g., remembering to go to the grocery store) during a 3-week period. Events were cued either by the paper- or smartphone-based calendar.

Results
we observed fewer omissions of prospective events in the smartphone-based calendar group than in the paper-based calendar group.

Conclusions
our study suggests positive effects of smartphone calendar applications on prospective memory in AD.
Enlighten2: molecular dynamics simulations of protein–ligand systems made accessible
Authors: Zinovjev Kirill , van der Kamp Marc W 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Experimental structural data can allow detailed insight into protein structure and protein–ligand interactions, which is crucial for many areas of bioscience, including drug design and enzyme engineering. Typically, however, little more than a static picture of protein–ligand interactions is obtained, whereas dynamical information is often required for deeper understanding and to assess the effect of mutations. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations can provide such information, but setting up and running these simulations is not straightforward and requires expert knowledge. There is thus a need for a tool that makes protein–ligand simulation easily accessible to non-expert users.

Results
We present Enlighten2: efficient simulation protocols for protein–ligand systems alongside a user-friendly plugin to the popular visualization program PyMOL. With Enlighten2, non-expert users can straightforwardly run and visualize MD simulations on protein–ligand models of interest. There is no need to learn new programs and all underlying tools are free and open source.

Availability and implementation
The Enlighten2 Python package and PyMOL plugin are free to use under the GPL3.0 licence and can be found at https://enlighten2.github.io. We also provide a lightweight Docker image via DockerHub that includes Enlighten2 with all the required utilities.
Co-sparse reduced-rank regression for association analysis between imaging phenotypes and genetic variants
Authors: Wen Canhong , Ba Hailong , Pan Wenliang , Huang Meiyan ,   the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: July 2020

AbstractMotivationThe association analysis between genetic variants and imaging phenotypes must be carried out to understand the inherited neuropsychiatric disorders via imaging genetic studies. Given the high dimensionality in imaging and genetic data, traditional methods based on massive univariate regression entail large computational cost and disregard many-to-many correlations between phenotypes and genetic variants. Several multivariate imaging genetic methods have been proposed to alleviate the above problems. However, most of these methods are based on the l1 penalty, which might cause the over-selection of variables and thus mislead scientists in analyzing data from the field of neuroimaging genetics.ResultsTo address these challenges in both statistics and computation, we propose a novel co-sparse reduced-rank regression model that identifies complex correlations in a dimensional reduction manner. We developed an iterative algorithm based on a group primal dual-active set formulation to detect simultaneously important genetic variants and imaging phenotypes efficiently and precisely via non-convex penalty. The simulation studies showed that our method achieved accurate and stable performance in parameter estimation and variable selection. In real application, the proposed approach successfully detected several novel Alzheimer’s disease-related genetic variants and regions of interest, which indicate that our method may be a valuable statistical toolbox for imaging genetic studies.Availability and implementationThe R package csrrr, and the code for experiments in this article is available in Github: https://github.com/hailongba/csrrr.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Beta-2 microglobulin and all-cause mortality in the era of high-flux hemodialysis: results from the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study
Authors: Kanda Eiichiro , Muenz Daniel , Bieber Brian , Cases Aleix , Locatelli Francesco , Port Friedrich K , Pecoits-Filho Roberto , Robinson Bruce M , Perl Jeffrey 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Beta-2 microglobulin (β2M) accumulates in hemodialysis (HD) patients, but its consequences are controversial, particularly in the current era of high-flux dialyzers. High-flux HD treatment improves β2M removal, yet β2M and other middle molecules may still contribute to adverse events. We investigated patient factors associated with serum β2M, evaluated trends in β2M levels and in hospitalizations due to dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA), and estimated the effect of β2M on mortality.

Methods
We studied European and Japanese participants in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study. Analysis of DRA-related hospitalizations spanned 1998–2018 (n = 23 976), and analysis of β2M and mortality in centers routinely measuring β2M spanned 2011–18 (n = 5332). We evaluated time trends with linear and Poisson regression and mortality with Cox regression.

Results
Median β2M changed nonsignificantly from 2.71 to 2.65 mg/dL during 2011–18 (P = 0.87). Highest β2M tertile patients (&gt;2.9 mg/dL) had longer dialysis vintage, higher C-reactive protein and lower urine volume than lowest tertile patients (≤2.3 mg/dL). DRA-related hospitalization rates [95% confidence interval (CI)] decreased from 1998 to 2018 from 3.10 (2.55–3.76) to 0.23 (0.13–0.42) per 100 patient-years. Compared with the lowest β2M tertile, adjusted mortality hazard ratios (95% CI) were 1.16 (0.94–1.43) and 1.38 (1.13–1.69) for the middle and highest tertiles. Mortality risk increased monotonically with β2M modeled continuously, with no indication of a threshold.

Conclusions
DRA-related hospitalizations decreased over 10-fold from 1998 to 2018. Serum β2M remains positively associated with mortality, even in the current high-flux HD era.
Dietary potassium and the kidney: lifesaving physiology
Authors: Wei Kuang-Yu , Gritter Martin , Vogt Liffert , de Borst Martin H , Rotmans Joris I , Hoorn Ewout J 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPotassium often has a negative connotation in Nephrology as patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are prone to develop hyperkalaemia. Approaches to the management of chronic hyperkalaemia include a low potassium diet or potassium binders. Yet, emerging data indicate that dietary potassium may be beneficial for patients with CKD. Epidemiological studies have shown that a higher urinary potassium excretion (as proxy for higher dietary potassium intake) is associated with lower blood pressure (BP) and lower cardiovascular risk, as well as better kidney outcomes. Considering that the composition of our current diet is characterized by a high sodium and low potassium content, increasing dietary potassium may be equally important as reducing sodium. Recent studies have revealed that dietary potassium modulates the activity of the thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT). The DCT acts as a potassium sensor to control the delivery of sodium to the collecting duct, the potassium-secreting portion of the kidney. Physiologically, this allows immediate kaliuresis after a potassium load, and conservation of potassium during potassium deficiency. Clinically, it provides a novel explanation for the inverse relationship between dietary potassium and BP. Moreover, increasing dietary potassium intake can exert BP-independent effects on the kidney by relieving the deleterious effects of a low potassium diet (inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis). The aim of this comprehensive review is to link physiology with clinical medicine by proposing that the same mechanisms that allow us to excrete an acute potassium load also protect us from hypertension, cardiovascular disease and CKD.
Microbial Butyrate Synthesis Indicates Therapeutic Efficacy of Azathioprine in IBD Patients
Authors: Effenberger M , Reider S , Waschina S , Bronowski C , Enrich B , Adolph T E , Koch R , Moschen A R , Rosenstiel P , Aden K , Tilg H 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
The microbial ecosystem seems to be an important player for therapeutic intervenption in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. We assessed longitudinal microbiome changes in IBD patients undergoing therapy with either azathioprine [AZA] or anti-tumour necrosis factor [anti-TNF] antibodies. We predicted the metabolic microbial community exchange and linked it to clinical outcome.

Methods
Faecal and blood samples were collected from 65 IBD patients at baseline and after 12 and 30 weeks on therapy. Clinical remission was defined as Crohn’s Disease Activity Index [CDAI] &lt; 150 in Crohn´s disease [CD], partial Mayo score &lt;2 in ulcerative colitis [UC], and faecal calprotectin values &lt;150 µg/g and C-reactive protein &lt;5 mg/dl. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was performed. To predict microbial community metabolic processes, we constructed multispecies genome-scale metabolic network models.

Results
Paired Bray-Curtis distance between baseline and follow-up time points was significantly different for UC patients treated with anti-TNF antibodies. Longitudinal changes in taxa composition at phylum level showed a significant decrease of Proteobacteria and an increase of Bacteroidetes in CD patients responding to both therapies. At family level, Lactobacilli were associated with persistent disease and Bacteroides abundance with remission in CD. In-silico simulations of microbial metabolite exchange predicted a 1.7-fold higher butyrate production capacity of patients in remission compared with patients without remission [p = 0.041]. In this model, the difference in butyrate production between patients in remission and patients without remission was most pronounced in the CD group treated with AZA [p = 0.008].

Conclusions
In-silico simulation identifies microbial butyrate synthesis predictive of therapeutic efficacy in IBD.
Atrial fibrillation and the risk of ischaemic strokes or intracranial haemorrhages: comparisons of the catheter ablation, medical therapy, and non-atrial fibrillation population
Authors: Kim Min , Yu Hee Tae , Kim JongYoun , Kim Tae-Hoon , Uhm Jae-Sun , Joung Boyoung , Lee Moon-Hyoung , Pak Hui-Nam 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAims Although atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation (AFCA) is an effective rhythm control strategy, there is limited data on whether ischaemic stroke (IS) or intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) decreases after AFCA compared with medical therapy or non-AF population. We explored the IS and ICH risk after AFCA or medical therapy in the AF population and matched non-AF population.Methods and results We compared 1629 patients with AFCA (Yonsei AF ablation cohort), 3258 with medical therapy [Korean National Health Insurance (NHIS) database], and 3258 non-AF subjects (NHIS database) following a 1:2:2 propensity score matching. All AFCA patients underwent regular rhythm follow-ups for 51 ± 29 months. Among the AFCA group, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of ISs was significantly higher in patients with sustained AF recurrences after the last ablation (0.87%) than in those remaining in sinus rhythm (0.24%, P = 0.017; log rank P = 0.003). The IRR of ISs was significantly higher in the medical therapy (1.09%) than AFCA (0.30%, P &lt; 0.001, log rank P &lt; 0.001 vs. medical therapy) or non-AF groups (0.34%, P &lt; 0.001, log rank P &lt; 0.001 vs. medical therapy; P = 0.673, log rank P = 0.874 vs. AFCA). The IRR of ICHs was 0.17% in the medical therapy, 0.06% in the AFCA (P = 0.023, log rank P = 0.042 vs. medical therapy), and 0.12% in the non-AF group (P = 0.226, log rank P = 0.241 vs. medical therapy; P = 0.172, log rank P = 0.193 vs. AFCA).Conclusion Post-procedural AF control influences the risk of ISs. Atrial fibrillation catheter ablation significantly reduces the risk of both ISs and ICHs to the extent of the non-AF population compared to the medical therapy.
Rupture kinematics of 2020 January 24 Mw 6.7 Doğanyol-Sivrice, Turkey earthquake on the East Anatolian Fault Zone imaged by space geodesy
Authors: Melgar Diego , Ganas Athanassios , Taymaz Tuncay , Valkaniotis Sotiris , Crowell Brendan W , Kapetanidis Vasilis , Tsironi Varvara , Yolsal-Çevikbilen Seda , Öcalan Taylan 
Published: July 2020

SUMMARYHere, we present the results of a kinematic slip model of the 2020 Mw 6.7 Doğanyol-Sivrice, Turkey Earthquake, the most important event in the last 50 yr on the East Anatolian Fault Zone. Our slip model is constrained by two Sentinel-1 interferograms and by 5 three-component high-rate GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) recordings close to the earthquake source. We find that most of the slip occurs predominantly in three regions, two of them at between 2 and 10 km depth and a deeper slip region extending down to 20 km depth. We also relocate the first two weeks of aftershocks and find a distribution of events that agrees with these slip features. The HR-GNSS recordings suggest a predominantly unilateral rupture with the effects of a directivity pulse clearly seen in the waveforms and in the measure peak ground velocities. The slip model supports rupture propagation from northeast to southwest at a relatively slow speed of 2.2 km s−1 and a total source duration of ∼20 s. In the absence of near-source seismic stations, space geodetic data provide the best constraint on the spatial distribution of slip and on its time evolution.
The effect of individual counseling intervention on health practices in pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sezer Gozde , Sen Selma 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This research was carried out to determine the effect of individual counseling intervention on health practices in pregnancy. This research is a single-blind randomized controlled experimental and follow-up design. Population of the research consisted of 126 pregnant women in total, with 64 of them being in the training group and 64 being in the control group. The research data were collected by using a ‘Pregnant Identifying Information Form’ and ‘Health Practices in Pregnancy Questionnaire (HPQ)’. In this research, it was found that there was no significant difference in total score average of the HPQ before the individual counseling training between the pregnant women in the training and control groups (P &gt; 0.05). It was also determined that there was a statistically significant difference in total score average of the HPQ after the individual counseling training during the second trimester between the two groups (P &lt; 0.05). It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in total score average of the HPQ during the third trimester between two groups (P &lt; 0.05). It has been determined that the training provided with individual counseling to pregnant women is an effective initiative in increasing the health practices of pregnant women.
Preoperative plasma fibrinogen level and transfusion in cardiac surgery: a biphasic correlation
Authors: Charbonneau Hélène , Pasquie Marie , Mayeur Nicolas 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Coagulopathic bleeding is a serious complication of cardiac surgery. A very low preoperative plasma fibrinogen level (PFL) has been previously described as a risk factor for red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in the perioperative setting. Nevertheless, contradictory results have been published concerning preoperative fibrinogen infusion to decrease RBC transfusion. These results highlight the need for a better description of the relation between preoperative PFL and RBC transfusion. In this single-centre retrospective study, we showed that both high and low PFLs are associated with an increase in RBC transfusion. A pro-inflammatory preoperative status could be involved in the association between high PFL and the increase in RBC transfusion. This non-linear relation between PFL and RBC transfusion could explain the difficulty of decreasing postoperative bleeding using only an algorithm aimed at increasing preoperative PFL.
Enhanced efficacy of endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir acid against orthobunyaviruses when used in combination with ribavirin
Authors: ter Horst Sebastiaan , Fernandez-Garcia Yaiza , Bassetto Marcella , Günther Stephan , Brancale Andrea , Neyts Johan , Rocha-Pereira Joana 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Baloxavir acid is an endonuclease inhibitor approved for use against influenza. We evaluated whether this compound also targets the endonuclease domain of orthobunyaviruses and therefore could potentially be used against orthobunyavirus infections.

Methods
We performed a thermal shift assay and a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based nuclease monitoring assay using the La Crosse virus (LACV) endonuclease and baloxavir acid to prove their interaction and identify an inhibitory effect. Their interaction was further studied in a docking simulation using Glide SP. We show that baloxavir acid inhibits the viral replication of Bunyamwera virus (BUNV)–mCherry in vitro using high-content imaging and virus yield assay. Lastly, we investigated the use of baloxavir acid in combination with ribavirin in vitro by implementing the Zero Interaction Potency response surface model.

Results
We show that baloxavir acid augments LACV enzyme’s melting temperature with ΔTm 9.5 ± 0.4°C and inhibited substrate cleavage with IC50 0.39 ± 0.03 μM. Moreover, our docking simulation suggests that baloxavir acid is able to establish an efficient binding with the LACV endonuclease. In the cell-based assay, we observed that baloxavir acid and ribavirin inhibited BUNV–mCherry with an EC50 of 0.7 ± 0.2 μM and 26.6 ± 8.9 μM, respectively. When used in combination, we found a maximum synergistic effect of 8.64.

Conclusions
The influenza endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir acid is able to bind to and interfere with the endonuclease domain of orthobunyaviruses and yields a more potent antiviral effect than ribavirin against BUNV–mCherry. The combination of both compounds results in a more potent antiviral effect, suggesting that these molecules could potentially be combined to treat orthobunyavirus-infected patients.