bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A database of geopositioned Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus occurrences
Authors: Ramshaw Rebecca E. , Letourneau Ian D. , Hong Amy Y. , Hon Julia , Morgan Julia D. , Osborne Joshua C. P. , Shirude Shreya , Van Kerkhove Maria D. , Hay Simon I. , Pigott David M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAs a World Health Organization Research and Development Blueprint priority pathogen, there is a need to better understand the geographic distribution of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and its potential to infect mammals and humans. This database documents cases of MERS-CoV globally, with specific attention paid to zoonotic transmission. An initial literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus; after screening articles according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria, a total of 208 sources were selected for extraction and geo-positioning. Each MERS-CoV occurrence was assigned one of the following classifications based upon published contextual information: index, unspecified, secondary, mammal, environmental, or imported. In total, this database is comprised of 861 unique geo-positioned MERS-CoV occurrences. The purpose of this article is to share a collated MERS-CoV database and extraction protocol that can be utilized in future mapping efforts for both MERS-CoV and other infectious diseases. More broadly, it may also provide useful data for the development of targeted MERS-CoV surveillance, which would prove invaluable in preventing future zoonotic spillover.
Levels of sdRNAs in cytoplasm and their association with ribosomes are dependent upon stress conditions but independent from snoRNA expression
Authors: Mleczko Anna M. , Machtel Piotr , Walkowiak Mateusz , Wasilewska Anna , Pietras Piotr J. , Bąkowska-Żywicka Kamilla 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn recent years, a number of small RNA molecules derived from snoRNAs have been observed. Findings concerning the functions of snoRNA-derived small RNAs (sdRNAs) in cells are limited primarily to their involvement in microRNA pathways. However, similar molecules have been observed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is an organism lacking miRNA machinery. Here we examined the subcellular localization of sdRNAs in yeast. Our findings reveal that both sdRNAs and their precursors, snoRNAs, are present in the cytoplasm at levels dependent upon stress conditions. Moreover, both sdRNAs and snoRNAs may interact with translating ribosomes in a stress-dependent manner. Likely consequential to their ribosome association and protein synthesis suppression features, yeast sdRNAs may exert inhibitory activity on translation. Observed levels of sdRNAs and snoRNAs in the cytoplasm and their apparent presence in the ribosomal fractions suggest independent regulation of these molecules by yet unknown factors.
Early Pep-13-induced immune responses are SERK3A/B-dependent in potato
Authors: Nietzschmann Linda , Gorzolka Karin , Smolka Ulrike , Matern Andreas , Eschen-Lippold Lennart , Scheel Dierk , Rosahl Sabine 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPotato plants treated with the pathogen-associated molecular pattern Pep-13 mount salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-dependent defense responses, leading to enhanced resistance against Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight disease. Recognition of Pep-13 is assumed to occur by binding to a yet unknown plasma membrane-localized receptor kinase. The potato genes annotated to encode the co-receptor BAK1, StSERK3A and StSERK3B, are activated in response to Pep-13 treatment. Transgenic RNAi-potato plants with reduced expression of both SERK3A and SERK3B were generated. In response to Pep-13 treatment, the formation of reactive oxygen species and MAP kinase activation, observed in wild type plants, is highly reduced in StSERK3A/B-RNAi plants, suggesting that StSERK3A/B are required for perception of Pep-13 in potato. In contrast, defense gene expression is induced by Pep-13 in both control and StSERK3A/B-depleted plants. Altered morphology of StSERK3A/B-RNAi plants correlates with major shifts in metabolism, as determined by untargeted metabolite profiling. Enhanced levels of hydroxycinnamic acid amides, typical phytoalexins of potato, in StSERK3A/B-RNAi plants are accompanied by significantly decreased levels of flavonoids and steroidal glycoalkaloids. Thus, altered metabolism in StSERK3A/B-RNAi plants correlates with the ability of StSERK3A/B-depleted plants to mount defense, despite highly decreased early immune responses.
Muscle attachment site patterns for species determination in West Palaearctic Wohlfahrtia (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) of medical and veterinary importance
Authors: Niederegger Senta , Akbarzadeh Kamran , Szpila Krzysztof 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe flesh fly genusWohlfahrtiaBrauer & Bergenstamm contains at least six species of medical and veterinary importance. Traditional methods of species identification in specimens ofWohlfahrtia, however, are restricted mostly to adult forms. Muscle attachment site (MAS) patterns allow for species determination in larval forms. MAS patterns in third instar larvae of six common West Palearctic species ofWohlfahrtiahave been analyzed for this study. As in previously investigated Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae, MAS patterns were found to be species specific. A genus pattern was established to be used as base for comparison in further species determination. For the first time a tool is provided for species identification of such broad range in larvae ofWohlfahrtiaspecies.Wohlfahrtiapatterns are composed of a significantly higher number of MAS than patterns found inSarcophaga. Specifics of the six species analyzed are explained in detail. The larvae of the well-known speciesW. magnifica, an obligate traumatic myiasis agent, had to be excluded from the analysis as a great number of spines on the outside obscure muscle attachment sites on the inside of the cuticle.
Dietary Calcium Intake and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Han Dan , Fang Xuexian , Su Danting , Huang Lichun , He Mengjie , Zhao Dong , Zou Yan , Zhang Ronghua 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGrowing evidence has suggested a possible relationship between dietary calcium intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk. However, the findings of these observational studies are inconclusive, and the dose-response association between calcium intake and risk of MetS remains to be determined. Here, we identified relevant studies by searching PubMed and Web of Science databases up to December 2018, and selected observational studies reporting relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for MetS based on calcium intake and estimated the summary RRs using random-effects models. Eight cross-sectional and two prospective cohort studies totaling 63,017 participants with 14,906 MetS cases were identified. A significantly reduced risk of MetS was associated with the highest levels of dietary calcium intake (RR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.80–0.99; I2 = 75.3%), with stronger association and less heterogeneity among women (RR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.66–0.83; I2 = 0.0%) than among men (RR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.82–1.37; I2 = 72.6%). Our dose-response analysis revealed that for each 300 mg/day increase in calcium intake, the risk of MetS decreased by 7% (RR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.87–0.99; I2 = 77.7%). In conclusion, our findings suggest that dietary calcium intake may be inversely associated with the risk of MetS. These findings may have important public health implications with respect to preventing the disease. Further studies, in particular longitudinal cohort studies and randomized clinical trials, will be necessary to determine whether calcium supplementation is effective to prevent MetS.
Auditory-induced visual illusions in rodents measured by spontaneous behavioural response
Authors: Ito Yuki , Sato Ryo , Tamai Yuta , Hiryu Shizuko , Uekita Tomoko , Kobayasi Kohta I. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhen two brief sounds are presented with a short flash of light, we often perceive that the flash blinks twice. This phenomenon, called the “sound-induced flash illusion”, has been investigated as an example of how humans finely integrate multisensory information, more specifically, the temporal content of perception. However, it is unclear whether nonhuman animals experience the illusion. Therefore, we investigated whether the Mongolian gerbil, a rodent with relatively good eyesight, experiences this illusion. The novel object recognition (NOR) paradigm was used to evaluate the gerbil’s natural (i.e., untrained) capacity for multimodal integration. A light-emitting diode embedded within an object presented time-varying visual stimuli (different flashing patterns). The animals were first familiarised with repetitive single flashes. Then, various sound stimuli were introduced during test trials. An increase in exploration suggested that the animals perceived a flashing pattern differently only when the contradicting sound (double beeps) was presented simultaneously with a single flash. This result shows that the gerbil may experience the sound-induced flash illusion and indicates for the first time that rodents may have the capacity to integrate temporal content of perception in a sophisticated manner as do humans.
Association Between Cardiac Natriuretic Peptides and Lipid Profile: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Spannella Francesco , Giulietti Federico , Bordicchia Marica , Burnett John C. , Sarzani Riccardo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCardiac natriuretic peptides (NPs) play a fundamental role in maintaining cardiovascular (CV) and renal homeostasis. Moreover, they also affect glucose and lipid metabolism. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies investigating the association of NPs with serum lipid profile. A PubMed and Scopus search (2005–2018) revealed 48 studies reporting the association between NPs and components of lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) and triglycerides (TG)]. Despite high inconsistency across studies, NPs levels were inversely associated with TC [k = 32; pooled r = −0.09; I2 = 90.26%], LDLc [k = 31; pooled r = −0.09; I2 = 82.38%] and TG [k = 46; pooled r = −0.11; I2 = 94.14%], while they were directly associated with HDLc [k = 41; pooled r = 0.06; I2 = 87.94%]. The relationship with LDLc, HDLc and TG lost significance if only studies on special populations (works including subjects with relevant acute or chronic conditions that could have significantly affected the circulating levels of NPs or lipid profile) or low-quality studies were taken into account. The present study highlights an association between higher NP levels and a favorable lipid profile. This confirms and extends our understanding of the metabolic properties of cardiac NPs and their potential in CV prevention.
Mitochondrial genome characterization of the family Trigonidiidae (Orthoptera) reveals novel structural features and nad1 transcript ends
Authors: Ma Chuan , Wang Yeying , Zhang Licui , Li Jianke 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe Trigonidiidae, a family of crickets, comprises 981 valid species with only one mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequenced to date. To explore mitogenome features of Trigonidiidae, six mitogenomes from its two subfamilies (Nemobiinae and Trigonidiinae) were determined. Two types of gene rearrangements involving a trnN-trnS1-trnE inversion and a trnV shuffling were shared by Trigonidiidae. A long intergenic spacer was observed between trnQ and trnM in Trigonidiinae (210−369 bp) and Nemobiinae (80–216 bp), which was capable of forming extensive stem-loop secondary structures in Trigonidiinae but not in Nemobiinae. The anticodon of trnS1 was TCT in Trigonidiinae, rather than GCT in Nemobiinae and other related subfamilies. There was no overlap between nad4 and nad4l in Dianemobius, as opposed to a conserved 7-bp overlap commonly found in insects. Furthermore, combined comparative analysis and transcript verification revealed that nad1 transcripts ended with a U, corresponding to the T immediately preceding a conserved motif GAGAC in the superfamily Grylloidea, plus poly-A tails. The resultant UAA served as a stop codon for species lacking full stop codons upstream of the motif. Our findings gain novel understanding of mitogenome structural diversity and provide insight into accurate mitogenome annotation.
Exploring the air stability of PdSe2 via electrical transport measurements and defect calculations
Authors: Hoffman Anna N. , Gu Yiyi , Liang Liangbo , Fowlkes Jason D. , Xiao Kai , Rack Philip D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this work we investigate the effects of ambient exposure on CVD grown PdSe2 and correlate density functional theory calculations of various physisorption and chemisorption binding energies and band structures to the observed changes in the electrical transport. Pristine PdSe2 is n-type due to intrinsic selenium vacancies, but shows increased p-type conduction and decreased n-type conduction as a function of ambient aging during which various aging mechanisms appear to be operative. Short term aging (<160 h) is ascribed to an activated chemisorption of molecular O2 at selenium vacancies; first-principles calculations suggest a ~0.85 eV activation energy and adsorption geometries with binding energies varying between 1.3–1.6 eV, in agreement with experimental results. Importantly, this chemisorption is reversible with a low temperature anneal. At long term aging (>430 h), there is a total suppression of n-type conduction, which is attributed to a dissociative adsorption/reaction of the O2 molecules to atomic O and subsequent PdO2 formation. XPS confirms the presence of PdO2 in long term aged flakes. At these extended aging times, the low temperature anneal restores low n-type conduction and suppresses p-type conduction due to the low thermal stability of PdO2 which, in agreement with XPS measurements, sublimates during the anneal. Thus PdSe2 devices can be processed into device architectures in standard laboratory environments if atmospheric exposure times are limited to on the order of 1 week.
Morphological Development in Normal and Clinical Populations
Authors: Morris Joanna 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The goal of this review article is to summarize what is currently known about morphological processing in both normal and clinical populations in order to present unexplored opportunities to focus remediation efforts for children with language difficulties.

Method
Existing evidence was collected via a computerized database search, and the data were summarized in a narrative review.

Conclusions
Strong, precise lexical representations are key to skilled reading and writing performance, and the available evidence suggests that, in order to become efficient readers, English-speaking children must acquire a rapid and flexible word recognition system that can accommodate the quasiregular morpho-orthographic to semantic mappings that characterize English. Individual differences may affect how easily children are able to discover these regularities on the basis of linguistic experience and make use of sublexical morphemic constituents in visual word recognition.
Der Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite korreliert mit der sozialmedizinischen Leistungsempfehlung zur Erwerbsfähigkeit von Rehabilitanden mit Multipler Sklerose
Authors: Leniger Tobias , Heiker Maike , Ghadimi Andrea 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Der Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (MSFC) bewertet mit den Untertests Lauf- und Handfunktion sowie Kognition die Funktionseinschränkungen der Multiplen Sklerose (MS). In der medizinischen Rehabilitation könnte der MSFC sich als hilfreiches Assessmentinstrument für die sozialmedizinische Leistungsempfehlung zur Erwerbsfähigkeit (SLE) am Ende der stationären Rehabilitation erweisen. Ziel der Studie war, eine Korrelation des MSFC mit der SLE zu überprüfen, deren Gültigkeit sechs Monate nach der Rehabilitation erfragt wurde.
Methodik In einer retrospektiven, unizentrischen Längsschnittstudie wurde der MSFC zu Beginn (t0) und zum Ende (t1) der stationären Rehabilitation bei 84 Rehabilitanden mit MS im erwerbsfähigen Alter erhoben. Der MSFC (Gesamtscore, Untertests) wurde mit der SLE am Ende der Rehabilitation korreliert (positive SLE: ≥ 3h täglich, negative SLE: < 3h täglich). Sechs Monate nach der Rehabilitation wurde der Return to Work (RTW) erfragt (positiver RTW: ≥ 3h täglich, negativer RTW: < 3h täglich).
Ergebnis 70 der 84 Rehabilitanden (83 %) erhielten eine positive SLE. Sie zeigten hinsichtlich epidemiologischer, MS- und rehabilitations-spezifischer Charakteristika keinen Unterschied zu den 14 Rehabilitanden mit negativer SLE. Rehabilitanden mit positiver SLE wiesen im Vergleich zu denen mit negativer SLE signifikant bessere MSFC-Werte im Gesamtscore (z-Score: + 0,11 vs. −0,55, p < 0,001), in den Untertests Kognition (PASAT-3: 42,3 Punkte vs. 27,7 Punkte; p < 0,001) und Lauffunktion (T25FW: 5,1 s vs. 6,7s; p = 0,002) auf. Hingegen war die Handfunktion (NHPT: 23,4 s vs. 26,5s; p = 0,064) ohne signifikanten Unterschied. Beide Gruppen zeigten im Verlauf der Rehabilitation (t0; t1) nichtsignifikante Verbesserungen (Gesamtscore, Untertests). Bei 31 der 84 Rehabilitanden (37 %) konnte der RTW nach sechs Monaten erhoben werden. 90 % der 31 Rehabilitanden beurteilten die SLE als zutreffend. Eine positive SLE korrelierte signifikant mit einem positiven RTW nach sechs Monaten (r = 0,411; p = 0,022). Keine signifikante Assoziation bestand zwischen dem MSFC(t1) (Gesamtscore, Untertests) und dem RTW nach sechs Monaten.
Schlussfolgerung Auf Funktionsebene korreliert der MSFC im Gesamtscore (z-Score ≥ 0) signifikant mit einer positiven SLE bei Entlassung, deren Validität mit dem RTW sechs Monate nach der Rehabilitation belegt wurde. Maßgeblich waren die Untertests Kognition und Lauffunktion. In der medizinischen Rehabilitation der MS bietet sich daher der Einsatz des MSFC an, um basierend auf dem ermittelten Funktionsniveau eine fundierte Teilhabeempfehlung in Form der SLE zu entwickeln.
Effect of the fabrication route on the phase and volume changes during the reaction heat treatment of Nb3Sn superconducting wires
Authors: Scheuerlein C , Andrieux J , Michels M , Lackner F , Meyer C , Chiriac R , Toche F , Hagner M , Di Michiel M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Accelerator magnets that can reach magnetic fields well beyond the Nb-Ti performance limits are presently being built and developed, using Nb3Sn superconductors. This technology requires reaction heat treatment (RHT) of the magnet coils, during which Nb3Sn is formed from its ductile precursor materials (a “wind and react” approach). The Nb3Sn microstructure and microchemistry are strongly influenced by the conductor fabrication route, and by the phase changes during RHT. By combining in situ differential scanning calorimetry, high energy synchrotron x-ray diffraction, and micro-tomography experiments, we have acquired a unique data set that describes in great detail the phase and microstructure changes that take place during the processing of restacked rod process (RRP), powder-in-tube (PIT), and internal tin (IT) Nb3Sn wires. At temperatures below 450 °C the phase evolutions in the three wire types are similar, with respectively solid state interdiffusion of Cu and Sn, Cu6Sn5 formation, and Cu6Sn5 peritectic transformation. Distinct differences in phase evolutions in the wires are found when temperatures exceed 450 °C. The volume changes of the conductor during RHT are a difficulty in the production of Nb3Sn accelerator magnets. We compare the wire diameter changes measured in situ by dilatometry with the phase and void volume evolution of the three types of Nb3Sn wire. Unlike the Nb3Sn wire length changes, the wire diameter evolution is characteristic for each Nb3Sn wire type. The strongest volume increase, of about 5%, is observed in the RRP wire, where the main diameter increase occurs above 600 °C upon Nb3Sn formation.
Electronic and elastic properties of brownmillerite
Authors: Aretxabaleta Xabier M , Etxebarria Iñigo , Manzano Hegoi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The elastic and electronic properties of brownmillerite (Ca2AlFeO5), the fourth component in mass of Portland cement, have been determined using Density Functional Theory. The Young’s modulus obtained in this work (E = 169 ± 2 GPa) is much closer to the experimental value than all the previously reported classical calculations. The electronic structure has been analyzed by calculating the band structure, the density of states and the crystal orbital overlap population curves. Results show that there are anti-bonding bonds between the iron and oxygen atoms which may create instability in the structure. The presence of those anti-bonding bonds might explain the limitation of force-field simulations when modeling the elastic properties of brownmillerite. Such a limitation may be extended to other structures derived from perovskites that present anti-bonding states.
Tungsten-decorated MoP nanobelts for boosted hydrogen production
Authors: Wang Dezhi , Lu Yao , Lv Kangyan , Wu Zhuangzhi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
To further improve the electrochemical catalytic performance of MoP for hydrogen generation, a tungsten decoration strategy is proposed in this work, and the effect of preparation temperature was also investigated. It is found that the decoration of W can significantly enhance the electron transfer ability and increase the amount of active sites, and the optimized catalyst can be obtained at 700 °C over the Mo-W-P-700 catalyst, which exhibits the best catalytic performance with a small Tafel slope of 53 mV dec-1. This decoration strategy can be widely applied in other transition metal compounds to achieve further performance improvements.
New insights on the influence of low frequency pulsed current on the characteristics of PEO coatings formed on AZ31B
Authors: Toro L , Zuleta A A , Correa E , Calderón D , Galindez Y , Calderón J , Chacón P , Valencia-Escobar A , Echeverría E F 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this work, anodic oxide layers on the surface of an AZ31 magnesium alloy were obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process under low frequency pulsed current. For this, electrolytical solutions containing hexamethylenetetramine and sodium fluoride were used. The morphology and chemical composition of formed coatings were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Also, salt spray test, hydrogen evolution and electrochemical tests (potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) were conducted in order to study the corrosion behavior of the coated samples. It was found that the use of low frequency pulsed current for the PEO process reduces the film porosity and increases its thickness, compared with PEO films obtained by continuous anodization. The effect of the pulsed current signal was also analyzed for a two steps PEO process, observing changes in the morphological characteristics of the coatings which allow a better corrosion according electrochemical tests (short term corrosion measurements). However, long term tests results as hydrogen evolution and salt spray tests, indicated the opposite. Both the film porosity and thickness were affected by either the pulsing of the current or the use of a two-step process.