bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global, regional and national estimates ofToxoplasma gondiiseroprevalence in pregnant women: a protocol for a systematic review and modelling analysis
Authors: Bigna Jean Joel , Tochie Joel Noutakdie , Tounouga Dahlia Noelle , Bekolo Anne Olive , Ymele Nadia S , Simé Paule Sandra , Nansseu Jobert Richie 
Published: October 2019

IntroductionTo set priorities for public health policy, funding for public health interventions, and healthcare planning which will ultimately contribute in bending the burden of toxoplasmosis towards maternal and neonatal health, it is necessary to have accurate data on the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnancy. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the seroprevalence ofToxoplasma gondiiinfection in pregnant women by countries, WHO regions and globally.Methods and analysisWe will search multiple databases to identify studies that reported the prevalence (or enough data to compute this estimate) ofToxoplasma gondiiin the global population of pregnant women up till December 31, 2018 without any language restrictions. Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment will be conducted independently by three pairs of investigators. For each country, we will estimate the prevalence based on empirical studies if there is either one nationally representative study, or two or more not nationally representative studies. Then, we will perform a country-specific random-effects meta-analyses. The heterogeneity will be evaluated using the χ² test on Cochrane’s Q statistic and quantified with H and I² statistics. For countries with one or no empirical studies or where the meta-analysis will result in a wide CI of 0%–100%, we will predict the country’s prevalence by using a Bayesian generalised non-linear multilevel model. The model will have a hierarchical structure in which estimates for each country will be informed by its own data, if available, or by data from other countries in the same WHO region.Ethics and disseminationSince this study will be based on published data, it does not require any ethical approval. Its findings will be published in a scientific peer-reviewed journal. They will also be presented at scientific conferences and to relevant public health sectors.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019125572.
Lifestyles and determinants of perceived health in Italian grown-up/adult congenital heart patients: a cross-sectional and pan-national survey
Authors: Dellafiore Federica , Caruso Rosario , Arrigoni Cristina , Flocco Serena Francesca , Giamberti Alessandro , Chessa Massimo 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesTo provide the first epidemiological lifestyle descriptions of the Italian grown-up/adult congenital heart disease (GUCH/ACHD) population by identifying the determinants of poor perceived health status.DesignCross-sectional pan-national survey.SettingItalian GUCH/ACHD patients who were members of the Italian Association of GUCH/ACHD.Primary and secondary outcome measuresTo discuss these lifestyle descriptions through an ad hoc developed questionnaire and health perceptions (ie, mental and physical health perception) through a short form health survey (SF-12).Results629 patients included; many investigated GUCH/ACHD lifestyles were determined similar to those of the general population — with the exception of the smoking habits, which were lower. The odds of the occurrence of inadequate physical health perceptions increased by more than two times in patients undergoing antiarrhythmic therapies (OR adjusted=2.045; 95% CI=1.201 to 3.479; p=0.008; n=629), more than 1.5 times in patients taking oral anticoagulants (OR adjusted=1.638; 95% CI=1.038 to 2.585; p=0.034; n=629) and roughly 1.7 times in patients treated with antiplatelets (OR adjusted=1.743; 95% CI=1.024 to 2.966; p=0.041; n=629). The odds of the occurrence of inadequate mental health perceptions increased by 1.7% for every year that the patients aged (OR adjusted=1.017; 95% CI=1.002 to 1.032; p=0.025; n=629).ConclusionParticular attention should be paid to these ageing patients’ increasing psychological needs, and additional research is needed to identify associations between their lifestyles and clinical outcomes.
Objective assessment of stiffness in the gastrocnemius muscle in patients with symptomatic Achilles tendons
Authors: Morgan Gafin , Martin Rhodri , Welch Helen , Williams Lisa , Morris Keith 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesTo establish quantitative values of stiffness for the gastrocnemius muscle in patients diagnosed with Achilles tendinopathy.DesignCase–control study with a single (cross sectional) time point of patients diagnosed with unilateral Achilles tendinopathy and an asymptomatic group.MethodsSample of 50 participants: 25 participants with symptomatic unilateral Achilles tendinopathy (symptomatic group) with the asymptomatic side of this group used as a control (control group 1). A third group of 25 participants with asymptomatic Achilles tendons (control group 2). Mechanical stiffness parameters, including natural oscillation frequency (F), dynamic stiffness (S), mechanical stress relaxation time (R), logarithmic decrement (D) and creep (C), were assessed using the MyotonPRO. Measurements at the medial and lateral gastrocnemii were taken as non-weight bearing (NWB) and weight bearing (WB).ResultsSignificant (p<0.05) differences were observed between the mean symptomatic group and control groups 1 and 2 in the WB and NWB conditions for natural oscillation frequency (F), dynamic stiffness (S), and creep (C). There was a significant reduction in S WB and conversely a significant increase in S of the symptomatic group NWB. Creep (C) and mechanical stress relaxation time (R) were significantly (p<0.05) less in the symptomatic group NWB. Significant differences were observed between the NWB and WB data sets for logarithmic decrement (D). NWB D demonstrated significantly (p<0.05) higher scores than the WB condition.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that there was a significant reduction in stiffness of the gastrocnemius muscle in participants with Achilles tendinopathy compared with the two control groups. The WB MyotonPRO measures for the symptomatic groups of F and S were significantly lower, indicating a decrease in the tonal properties (F) and dynamic stiffness (S) of the muscle. The application of MyotonPRO technology to measure changes in stiffness in the gastrocnemius muscle may be useful to measure as part of a rehabilitation programme where specific attention could be placed to increase the tonal properties of the muscle. Further studies are required to develop a robust clinical application of this technology, particularly with regard to Achilles tendinopathy.
Abortion and the Epicurean challenge
Authors: Ekendahl Karl 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn a recent article in this journal, Anna Christensen raises an ‘Epicurean challenge’ to Don Marquis’ much-discussed argument for the immorality of abortion. According to Marquis’ argument, abortion ispro tantomorally wrong because it deprives the fetus of ‘a future like ours’. Drawing on the Epicurean idea that death cannot harm its victim because there isno subjectto be harmed, Christensen argues that neither fetuses nor anyone else can be deprived of a future like ours by dying. Thus, Christensen suggests, the moral wrongness of abortion (and other killings) cannot be grounded in the relevant individual’s being deprived of a future like ours. In this reply, I argue that on no interpretation of Christensen’s Epicurean challenge does it succeed.
Gender of pain medicine leadership and trainees: a survey study
Authors: Hagedorn Jonathan Michael , Pittelkow Thomas , Warner Nafisseh , Furnish Timothy , Brancolini Scott , Schroeder Darrell R , Gazelka Halena , Moeschler Susan 
Published: October 2019

Background
Women are entering medical school in record numbers, but multiple male-dominated medical specialties still exist, including pain medicine. It is not well-understood how gender diversity in academic pain medicine faculty affects fellow matriculation between female and male applicants.

Objective
We conducted a survey to ascertain whether gender diversity of those in leadership roles in pain medicine programs impacts the gender diversity of fellows in those programs.

Methods
A questionnaire was delivered to all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited pain medicine fellowships to assess their demographic data in 2018. Program characteristics are summarized using median (25th, 75th) for continuous variables and frequency counts and percentages for categorical variables. Analyses were then performed using a generalized linear mixed model with a logit link function and fellowship program included as a random effect. The gender of the fellow was the dependent variable and the program characteristics were the explanatory variables.

Results
Data from 45 of 104 fellowship programs (43% response rate) are included. From univariate analysis, the odds of a fellow being female were higher in programs with a female program director (OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.29 to 3.65, p=0.004) and in programs with a higher percentage of female faculty (OR=1.02, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.04, p=0.027). From multivariable analysis, having a female program director was the only program characteristic found to be significantly associated with female fellows (OR=2.07, 95% CI 1.05 to 4.11, p=0.037).

Conclusions
Pain medicine fellowship programs with a female program director were significantly more likely to have female fellows.
‘I wish I was someone else’: complexities in identity formation and professional wellbeing in veterinary surgeons
Authors: Armitage‐Chan Elizabeth 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundThere is widespread concern surrounding veterinarians’ mental health. Upon entering the profession, early career veterinary surgeons encounter colleagues with diverse and conflicting identities, manifesting in their differential prioritisation of definitive clinical treatment, interpersonal interactions or the commercial success of the practice. In other professions, poor wellbeing arises from confusion between these conflicting identity discourses, as new professionals attempt to identify role models aligned with their own identity beliefs. New veterinarians’ wellbeing may thus depend on their negotiation of different identities, as they construct their own sets of professional values and determine the type of veterinarian they wish to become.MethodsIdentity formation was explored narratively using veterinarians’ social media stories.ResultsPoor professional wellbeing appeared to arise from identity confusion: failure to consistently commit to either the dominant diagnosis‐focused discourse valued by academic role models, or a relational discourse, emphasising working through contextual challenges such as varying client needs. Workplace stress appeared to magnify the dominance of academic priorities in self‐identity understanding, worsening identity confusion. Also concerning was the positioning of the client ‘as enemy’, obstructive to veterinarians’ identity goals. Social dialogue, intended to provide support during veterinarian–client conflict, potentially reinforced rejection of the client from the veterinary professional identity, strengthening a context‐inappropriate, non‐relational identity. This worsened identity confusion between the prized ‘diagnostic identity’ and the locally valued relational identity and was detrimental to wellbeing.ConclusionsInterventions are required, within veterinary education and postgraduate continuing professional development, that encourage reflection on identity and reinforce the value of relational identity attributes.
Addendum to: A theoretical study of top-mass measurements at the LHC using NLO+PS generators of increasing accuracy
Authors: Ferrario Ravasio Silvia , Ježo Tomáš , Nason Paolo , Oleari Carlo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper is a follow-up of Ref. Ferrario Ravasio et al. (Eur Phys J C 78:458, 2018. arXiv:1801.03944), where we studied the impact of next-to-leading order calculations merged with parton shower generators (NLO+PS) of increasing accuracy in the extraction of the top mass at hadron colliders. Here we examined results obtained with the older (fortran-based) shower generators and . Our findings are in line with what we found in Ref. Ferrario Ravasio et al. (2018) with the new, c++-based, generators and .
Elastic differential cross-section measurement at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ TeV by TOTEM
Authors: Antchev G. , Aspell P. , Atanassov I. , Avati V. , Baechler J. , Barrera C. Baldenegro , Berardi V. , Berretti M. , Bossini E. , Bottigli U. , Bozzo M. , Burkhardt H. , Cafagna F. S. , Catanesi M. G. , Csanád M. , Csörgő T. , Deile M. , De Leonardis F. , Doubek M. , Druzhkin D. , Eggert K. , Eremin V. , Ferro F. , Fiergolski A. , Garcia F. , Georgiev V. , Giani S. , Grzanka L. , Hammerbauer J. , Ivanchenko V. , Kašpar J. , Kopal J. , Kundrát V. , Lami S. , Latino G. , Lauhakangas R. , Lindsey C. , Lokajíček M. V. , Losurdo L. , Vetere M. Lo , Rodríguez F. Lucas , Macrí M. , Malawski M. , Minafra N. , Minutoli S. , Naaranoja T. , Nemes F. , Niewiadomski H. , Novák T. , Oliveri E. , Oljemark F. , Oriunno M. , Österberg K. , Palazzi P. , Passaro V. , Peroutka Z. , Procházka J. , Quinto M. , Radermacher E. , Radicioni E. , Ravotti F. , Robutti E. , Royon C. , Ruggiero G. , Saarikko H. , Scribano A. , Smajek J. , Snoeys W. , Sziklai J. , Taylor C. , Tcherniaev E. , Turini N. , Vacek V. , Welti J. , Williams J. , Ciesielski R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe TOTEM collaboration has measured the elastic proton-proton differential cross section$$\mathrm{d}\sigma /\mathrm{d}t$$dσ/dtat$$\sqrt{s}=13$$s=13 TeV LHC energy using dedicated$$\beta ^{*}=90$$β∗=90 m beam optics. The Roman Pot detectors were inserted to 10$$\sigma $$σdistance from the LHC beam, which allowed the measurement of the range [0.04 GeV$$^{2}$$2; 4 GeV$$^{2}$$2$$]$$]in four-momentum transfer squared |t|. The efficient data acquisition allowed to collect about 10$$^{9}$$9elastic events to precisely measure the differential cross-section including the diffractive minimum (dip), the subsequent maximum (bump) and the large-|t| tail. The average nuclear slope has been found to be$$B=(20.40 \pm 0.002^{\mathrm{stat}} \pm 0.01^{\mathrm{syst}})~$$B=(20.40±0.002stat±0.01syst)GeV$$^{-2}$$-2in the |t|-range 0.04–0.2 GeV$$^{2}$$2. The dip position is$$|t_{\mathrm{dip}}|=(0.47 \pm 0.004^{\mathrm{stat}} \pm 0.01^{\mathrm{syst}})~$$|tdip|=(0.47±0.004stat±0.01syst)GeV$$^{2}$$2. The differential cross section ratio at the bump vs. at the dip$$R=1.77\pm 0.01^{\mathrm{stat}}$$R=1.77±0.01stathas been measured with high precision. The series of TOTEM elastic pp measurements show that the dip is a permanent feature of the pp differential cross-section at the TeV scale.
(Re)existencias periféricas: Mediaciones culturales y ciudadanías latinoamericanas en resistencia.
Authors: Aguilar Yuli Andrea Ruiz 
Published: October 2019

Al pensar las​ relaciones entre Arte-Periferia​ e Identidad, encontramos que las cartografías del poder en el marco de una sociedad globalizada han complejizado la polarización que históricamente formaliza la relación centro/periferia, haciendo de está, muros limítrofes para obstaculizar la comprensión del carácter étnico/racial-narcisista que determina las subjetividades en un orden estructuralmente jerarquizado y de subordinación. A partir de dos experiencias colectivas de mediación estético-sensibles desarrolladas por comunidades urbanas desde territorios periféricos, se busca traer una reflexión que pauta por la inversión del significado y concepción de las prácticas de creación y saberes periféricos, a fin de trazar su lugar de potencia en la re-invención creativa/sensible del derecho a la ciudad, de una ciudadanía de resistencia, plural, crítica y participativa., desde abajo y desde lo sensible.
Exposições blockbuster: mecenato privado e política cultural no Brasil
Authors: Miorim Marina Araujo 
Published: October 2019

Qual é o papel das artes visuais na sociedade contemporânea? Como as determinações econômicas se relacionam com a produção, distribuição e fruição artística? Como as políticas culturais fomentam a experiência estética e quais setores da sociedade as impulsionam?
Essas são algumas das perguntas que mobilizam a reflexão em torno das exposições internacionais de arte que aportam no Brasil desde a década de 1990, e que dinamizam o setor cultural provocando um fenômeno de visitação crescente na história brasileira. Nesse sentido, a proposta deste trabalho é fazer um balanço preliminar acerca dos aspectos políticos, econômicos e sociais da arte, bem como apresentar algumas informações acerca das exposições blockbuster para que sejam identificadas interfaces da circulação desses eventos artísticos com o contexto contemporâneo.
O porquê do respeitável público: o espectador na sustentabilidade teatral
Authors: Silva Freire Vítor 
Published: October 2019

Este artigo analisa a importância do espectador não especializado para a sustentabilidade do teatro – notadamente o teatro de grupo paulistano, em âmbitos artísticos e econômicos. O artigo é originado da pesquisa “Respeitável público: uma reflexão sobre a relação entre o teatro de grupo paulistano e o público não especializado”, desenvolvida durante o Mestrado em Estudos Culturais na EACH/USP e exposta no IV Simpósio Internacional de Cultura e Comunicação na América Latina do CELACC/USP. O autor propõe que o contato com o público deve se tornar preocupação e responsabilidade prioritárias entre aqueles que oferecem atividades ou bens culturais – produtores, artistas, difusores e pesquisadores, para que a ação cultural tenha reais condições de, ao mesmo tempo, promover o sustento digno de seus profissionais e conquistar relevância e sentido social.
Fanatismo e resistência na pele: paixões e histórias consumidas no corpo
Authors: Felerico Selma 
Published: October 2019

Resultado parcial de um projeto de pesquisa em desenvolvimento, sobre corpo, identidade, consumo e publicidade, intitulado: Fanáticos na Pele, este artigo aponta para algumas reflexões sobre as tatuagens dos torcedores de futebol inspiradas em jogadores e seus respectivos clubes e a construção de identidades midiáticas associadas à publicidade, considerando-se a redescoberta do corpo com grande potencial de consumo e resistência social. Foram levados em consideração os aportes teóricos de publicização com Casaqui, de linguagem discursiva com Braga e os estudos corporais com Le Breton, entre outros. A partir de um levantamento sobre tatuagens presente nas mídias digitais, verifica-se a previsibilidade do repertório das tatuagens, pois são elementos imagéticos dos times reconhecidos no âmbito esportivo, e registram figuras e jogadas dos atletas que reforçam signos apaixonantes. Surgindo assim, um segmento de consumo contemplado pela publicidade e que legitimam os corpos na atualidade.
Trabalhadoras domésticas
Authors: Coutinho Maria Chalfin , D'´Avila Geruza Tavares , Maders Tielly Rosado , Morais Marcelo 
Published: October 2019

Em um contexto de mudanças na legislação, com ampliação de direitos no trabalho doméstico, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa para investigar as práticas e os sentidos produzidos no cotidiano de trabalhadoras domésticas. A pesquisa foi realizada em duas regiões metropolitanas brasileiras: Grande Florianópolis e Baixada Fluminense. A partir dos chamados métodos biográficos, foram entrevistadas 27 trabalhadoras domésticas, mensalistas e diaristas, tendo como instrumentos complementares fotografias e agenda colorida. A análise resultou na identificação de três núcleos de significação: 1) trajetórias educacionais e laborais, 2) vivências no trabalho e 3) gestão da vida cotidiana e trabalho. As trajetórias revelam entrada precoce na vida laboral e baixa escolaridade como fatores que contribuíram para que exercessem o trabalho doméstico remunerado. As vivências foram permeadas por ambiguidades afetivas nas relações com contratantes e familiares, particularmente para as mensalistas. A gestão do cotidiano revela peculiaridades do trabalho de diaristas e mensalistas e capacidade de negociação com uso de astúcias e saberes tácitos. A análise evidencia a articulação entre ambiguidades afetivas e demandas imperativas num cotidiano de trabalho intenso, íntimo e com traços de herança escravagista.
Metformin Use Is Associated With a Lower Risk of Hospitalization for Heart Failure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Tseng Chin‐Hsiao 
Published: October 2019

Background
A beneficial effect of metformin on heart failure requires confirmation.

Methods and Results

Patients with new‐onset type 2 diabetes mellitus during 1999 to 2005 were enrolled from Taiwan's National Health Insurance database and followed up from January 1, 2006, until December 31, 2011. Main analyses were conducted in an unmatched cohort (172 542 metformin ever users and 43 744 never users) and a propensity score matched‐pair cohort (matched cohort I, 41 714 ever users and 41 714 never users). Hazard ratios were estimated by Cox hazard regression incorporated with the inverse probability of treatment weighting using the propensity score in the unmatched cohort and by naïve method in the matched cohort I. Results showed that the respective incidence rates of heart failure hospitalization in ever users and never users were 304.25 and 864.31 per 100 000 person‐years in the unmatched cohort (hazard ratio, 0.350; 95% CI, 0.329–0.373) and were 469.66 and 817.01 per 100 000 person‐years in the matched cohort I (hazard ratio, 0.571; 95% CI, 0.526–0.620). A dose‐response pattern was consistently observed while estimating hazard ratios for the tertiles of cumulative duration of metformin therapy. Findings were supported by another propensity score–matched cohort created after excluding 10 potential instrumental variables in the estimation of propensity score (matched cohort
II
). An approximately 40% lower risk was consistently observed among ever users in different models derived from the matched cohorts I and
II
, but models from the matched cohort
II
were less subject to model misspecification.

Conclusions
Metformin use is associated with a lower risk of heart failure hospitalization.
Does Information on Blood Heavy Metals Improve Cardiovascular Mortality Prediction?
Authors: Wang Xin , Mukherjee Bhramar , Park Sung Kyun 
Published: October 2019

Background
To evaluate whether blood markers of lead, cadmium, and mercury can improve prediction for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality when added individually, jointly, or as an integrative index/Environmental Risk Score (ERS), in a model with established risk factors.

Methods and Results
Our study sample comprised 16 028 adults aged ≥40 years who were enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2012 and followed up through December 31, 2015. The study sample was randomly split into training for the ERS construction (n=8043) and testing for the evaluation of prediction performance (n=7985). ERS was computed using elastic‐net penalized Cox's model based on the selected metal predictors predicting CVD mortality. During median follow‐up of 7.2 years, 517 died from CVD. In the training set, linear terms of cadmium and mercury, squared terms of lead and mercury, and all 3 pairwise interactions were selected by elastic‐net for ERS construction. In the testing set, the C‐statistic increased from 0.845 when only established CVD risk factors were in the model to 0.854 when the ERS was additionally added to the model. Addition of all linear, squared, and pairwise interaction terms of blood metals to the Cox's models improved C‐statistic from 0.845 to 0.857. The improvement remained significant when it was assessed by net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that blood markers of toxic metals can improve CVD risk prediction over the established risk factors and highlight their potential utility for CVD risk assessment, prevention, and precision health.