bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
universidade pública em cenários neoliberais e fascistas: balbúrdias de resistência em tempos de Covid-19
Authors: Raic Daniele Farias Freire , Cardoso Marilete Calegari , Pereira Socorro Aparecida Cabral 
Published: October 2020

O artigo cartografa as balbúrdias de resistências desenvolvidas pelas universidades públicas brasileiras em cenários pandêmicos. Traz as seguintes questões provocadoras: quais discursos e ataques neoliberais e fascistas têm sido agenciados pelo bolsonarismo? Em face desses discursos, quais balbúrdias de resistência vêm sendo desenvolvidas pelas universidades públicas? E, quais as contribuições das universidades públicas brasileiras em cenários pandêmicos? Realiza um mapeamento dos discursos neoliberais e fascistas agenciados pelo bolsonarismo, cujos efeitos se podem ver nos ataques às universidades, e um mapeamento das ações de ensino, pesquisa e extensão desenvolvidas pelas universidades públicas brasileiras durante a pandemia. Utilizou-se o método cartográfico e, como dispositivos de produção de informações, foram utilizados documentos oficiais, artigos acadêmicos e jornalísticos, eventos on-line, lives e pesquisas científicas desenvolvidas pelas universidades em cenários de Covid-19. Emergem nesta cartografia as balbúrdias de ensino, de extensão e de pesquisa. Sugere que as universidades públicas brasileiras vêm sofrendo contínuos cortes orçamentários e políticas privatistas, que deixam as condições de funcionamento cada vez mais precárias, além dos constantes ataques pautados em lógicas neoliberais e fascistas, amplamente praticados pela maioria dos interlocutores bolsonaristas. Verifica-se que, apesar dos ataques sofridos, há um trabalho permanente de resistência diante das concepções e práticas neoliberais e fascistas que encontram abrigo e se disseminam no governo Bolsonaro. Revela o compromisso das universidades públicas com as políticas de inclusão social, de produção e de disseminação do conhecimento, somadas às ações de prevenção e minimização dos impactos sociais da pandemia.
PENGHULU SEBAGAI WALI HAKIM DALAM AKAD NIKAH (Studi Terhadap Penghulu Kantor Urusan Agama di Wilayah Kota Yogyakarta)
Authors: Zamani Saif 'Adli 
Published: October 2020

Penghulu is a civil servant posted in the Office or Religious Affairs who has an obligation to become an marriage registrar. Despite as a marriage registrar, on behalf of the state, penghulu also has a duty to become marriage guardian (wali hakim) of bride candidate who does not have marriage guardian or the guardian refuses to become her guardian (taukil wali) . This paper comes to visit the practice of taukil wali and wali hakim among marriage registrars in Yogyakarta. Based on phenomenological perspective and gocusing on the reasons behind the practice of taukil wali and wali hakim, this article argued that there are two varians of taukil wali, e.i. tawkīl wali bi al-lisān and tawkīl wali bi al-lisān. Meanwhile, some reasons behind the practice of wali hakim are: the bride candidate does not have lineage guardian, missing guardian (mafqūd), the guardian rejects to wed the bride, and the guardian has legal obstacles.[Penghulu merupakan Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang bertugas sebagai pegawai pencatat perkawinan yang berada pada Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) di setiap Kecamatan. Selain bertugas sebagai Pegawai Pencatat Nikah, penghulu juga mempunyai tugas menjadi wali hakim bagi calon mempelai perempuan yang tidak mempunyai wali nasab atau karena sebab tertentu wali nasab tidak dapat menikahkannya. Tulisan ini membahas tentang praktik taukil wali kepada penghulu dan penghulu sebagai wali hakim di KUA Kota Yogyakarta. Fokus utama kajian tulisan ini adalah jenis taukil wali dan alasan para penghulu menjadi wali hakim. Data utama dari tulisan ini adalah hasil wawancara terhadap lima belas penghulu yang ada di empat belas KUA Kota Yogyakarta. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi yang berfokus pada pengalaman individu para penghulu, tulisan ini menyatakan bahwa terdapat dua jenis taukil wali kepada para penghulu di Kota Yogyakarta, yaitu taukil wali dengan ucapan langsung (tawkīl wali bi al-lisān) dan taukil wali dengan tulisan (tawkīl wali bi al-kitābah). Selain itu, terdapat beberapa sebab para penghulu menjadi wali hakim yaitu wali nasab habis, tidak mempunyai wali nasab, wali nasab mafqūd (tidak diketahui keberadaannya), wali nasab adhal (tidak mau menikahkan) atau wali nasab berhalangan secara hukum.]
The Democratic Republic of the Congo armed conflict 1998-2004: Assessing excess mortality based on factual and cournter-factual projection scenarios
Authors: Kapend Richard , Bijak Jakub , Hinde Andrew 
Published: October 2020

To document the scale and scope of the 1998–2004 armed conflicts in the Democrat­ic Republic of the Congo (DRC), the current study combined four different data sources: the 1984 DRC Population Census, the 1995 and 2001 DRC Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys and the 2007 DRC Demographic and Health Survey, to reconstruct missing demographic estimates and assess the level of excess mortality associated with the conflict, going from 1998 to 2007. Findings from this study do not corrobo­rate previous estimates on the same armed conflict and for the same period: these range from excess mortality of 5.4 million population according to Coghlan et al. (2009), to 0.2 million according to Lambert and Lohlé-Tart (2008).
The cohort component projection method as used in this study is a cost-effective approach as it allows the analysis of a complex issue, that is excess mortality associat­ed with an armed conflict, with relatively modest resources. This study highlights that the choice of baseline rates is a key factor in determining the level of excess mortality when data points are scarce. This study produced a range of plausible estimates of excess mortality between 1 and 1.9 million population rather than a single best estimate. The range of excess mortality produced in this study is narrower and less extreme when compared to previous studies on the same conflict. As a further contribution to the debate in this field, the current study advocates producing a range of plausible estimates rather than a single best estimate of excess mortality. This is justified by the uncertainties associated with the scarcity of the data, the statistical modelling and the overall analysis process.
PENERAPAN PIDANA MATI TERHADAP TERPIDANA KASUS KORUPSI
Authors: Anjari Warih 
Published: October 2020

Korupsi sebagai extraordinary crime memberikan pengaturan mengenai pidana mati bagi pelakunya. Namun, faktanya ketentuan tersebut belum pernah diterapkan oleh Hakim dalam mengadili kasus korupsi. Oleh karena itu, korupsi tetap terjadi dan mengalami perluasan baik modus maupun pelakunya. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengapa ancaman pidana mati terhadap terpidana korupsi berdasarkan Pasal 2 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi (UUTPK) sulit diterapkan? Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, perumusan Pasal 2 ayat (2) UUTPK yang berkaitan dengan “kondisi darurat” sulit dipenuhi unsurnya. Rumusan kata “dapat dipidana mati”, memberikan peluang kepada hakim untuk menjatuhkan alternatif pidana terberat lainnya yang bukan berupa pidana penghilangan kesempatan hidup yaitu pidana penjara dengan jangka waktu tertentu; atau maksimum 20 tahun atau pidana seumur hidup.
Structure of n-quasi left m-invertible and related classes of operators
Authors: Duggal Bhagwati Prashad , Kim In Hyun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGiven Hilbert space operators T,S\in B( {\mathcal H} ), let \text{&#x0394;} and \delta \in B(B( {\mathcal H} )) denote the elementary operators {\text{&#x0394;}}_{T,S}(X)=({L}_{T}{R}_{S}-I)(X)=TXS-X and {\delta }_{T,S}(X)=({L}_{T}-{R}_{S})(X)=TX-XS. Let d=\text{&#x0394;} or \delta . Assuming T commutes with {S}^{\ast }, and choosing X to be the positive operator {S}^{\ast n}{S}^{n} for some positive integer n, this paper exploits properties of elementary operators to study the structure of n-quasi {[}m,d]-operators {d}_{T,S}^{m}(X)=0 to bring together, and improve upon, extant results for a number of classes of operators, such as n-quasi left m-invertible operators, n-quasi m-isometric operators, n-quasi m-self-adjoint operators and n-quasi (m,C) symmetric operators (for some conjugation C of {\mathcal H} ). It is proved that {S}^{n} is the perturbation by a nilpotent of the direct sum of an operator {S}_{1}^{n}={\left(S{|}_{\overline{{S}^{n}( {\mathcal H} )}}\right)}^{n} satisfying {d}_{{T}_{1},{S}_{1}}^{m}({I}_{1})=0, {{T}_{1}=T}_{\overline{{S}^{n}( {\mathcal H} )}}, with the 0 operator; if S is also left invertible, then {S}^{n} is similar to an operator B such that {d}_{{B}^{\ast },B}^{m}(I)=0. For power bounded S and T such that S{T}^{\ast }-{T}^{\ast }S=0 and {\text{&#x0394;}}_{T,S}({S}^{\ast n}{S}^{n})=0, S is polaroid (i.e., isolated points of the spectrum are poles). The product property, and the perturbation by a commuting nilpotent property, of operators T,S satisfying {d}_{T,S}^{m}(I)=0, given certain commutativity properties, transfers to operators satisfying {S}^{\ast n}{d}_{T,S}^{m}(I){S}^{n}=0.
Should society accept sex robots?
Authors: Hancock Eleanor 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn early 2015, Kathleen Richardson announced the arrival of the world’s largest, organised resistance group against the production of sex robots in society: The Campaign Against Sex Robots (CASR). Since the birth of the CASR, Richardson and other feminists have manipulated a combination of radical feminist rhetoric and sex industry abolitionist narratives, in order to promote the criminalisation of sex robots. Moreover, the CASR and Richardson have also made some rather unique claims regarding the “similarities” between sex workers and sex robots, which have not previously surfaced within the narratives of radical feminists in recent years. This article seeks to analyse if their analogous reference to sex workers and sex robots has credibility and viability in the context of the digitalised sex industry and in the wider teledildonic and sex robot market. Furthermore, this article will also formulate solutions for the ethical and social contentions surrounding the merge of sex dolls and robots within the contemporary sex industry. In order to disentangle the radical feminist arguments surrounding sex robots and the sex industry, the following contentions will be addressed:Is moral objection to female sex robots using client-sex worker analogies from feminists justified?Is opposition to sex robots based on informed opinion about the digitalised sex industry?To what extent are the positive considerations around sex robots/dolls and sex-technology ignored in the narratives of radical feminists and the CASR?What practical applications recommendations can be made to the sex robot industry from the stipulations of the CASR and the current state of sex dolls/robots in the sex industry?
Artificial Intelligence (AI)-aided Disease Prediction
Authors: Liu Chenxi , Jiao Dian , Liu Zhe 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used in clinical medicine, and it is witnessing increasing innovations in the fields of AI-aided image analysis, AI-aided lesion determination, AI-assisted healthcare management, and so on. This review article focuses on the emerging applications of AI-related medicine and AI-assisted visualized medicine, including novel diagnostic approaches, metadata analytical methods, and versatile AI-aided treatment applications in preclinical and clinical uses, and also looks at future perspectives of AI-aided disease prediction.
Descending Modulation of Laryngeal Vagal Sensory Processing in the Brainstem Orchestrated by the Submedius Thalamic Nucleus
Authors: Mazzone Stuart B. , Bautista Tara G. , Verberne Anthony J. M. , Trewella Matthew W. , Farrell Michael J. , McGovern Alice E. 
Published: October 2020

The nodose and jugular vagal ganglia supply sensory innervation to the airways and lungs. Jugular vagal airway sensory neurons wire into a brainstem circuit with ascending projections into the submedius thalamic nucleus (SubM) and ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO), regions known to regulate the endogenous analgesia system. Here we investigate whether the SubM–VLO circuit exerts descending regulation over airway vagal reflexes in male and female rats using a range of neuroanatomical tracing, reflex physiology, and chemogenetic techniques. Anterograde and retrograde neuroanatomical tracing confirmed the connectivity of the SubM and VLO. Laryngeal stimulation in anesthetized rats reduced respiration, a reflex that was potently inhibited by activation of SubM. Conversely, inhibition of SubM potentiated laryngeal reflex responses, while prior lesions of VLO abolished the effects of SubM stimulation. In conscious rats, selective chemogenetic activation of SubM neurons specifically projecting to VLO significantly inhibited respiratory responses evoked by inhalation of the nociceptor stimulant capsaicin. Jugular vagal inputs to SubM via the medullary paratrigeminal nucleus were confirmed using anterograde transsynaptic conditional herpes viral tracing. Respiratory responses evoked by microinjections of capsaicin into the paratrigeminal nucleus were significantly attenuated by SubM stimulation, whereas those evoked via the nucleus of the solitary tract were unaltered. These data suggest that jugular vagal sensory pathways input to a nociceptive thalamocortical circuit capable of regulating jugular sensory processing in the medulla. This circuit organization suggests an intersection between vagal sensory pathways and the endogenous analgesia system, potentially important for understanding vagal sensory processing in health and mechanisms of hypersensitivity in disease.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTJugular vagal sensory pathways are increasingly recognized for their important role in defensive respiratory responses evoked from the airways. Jugular ganglia neurons wire into a central circuit that is notable for overlapping with somatosensory processing networks in the brain rather than the viscerosensory circuits in receipt of inputs from the nodose vagal ganglia. Here we demonstrate a novel and functionally relevant example of intersection between vagal and somatosensory processing in the brain. The findings of the study offer new insights into interactions between vagal and spinal sensory processing, including the medullary targets of the endogenous analgesia system, and offer new insights into the central processes involved in airway defense in health and disease.
Simvastatin profoundly impairs energy metabolism in primary human muscle cells
Authors: Mäkinen Selina , Datta Neeta , Nguyen Yen H , Kyrylenko Petro , Laakso Markku , Koistinen Heikki A 
Published: October 2020

Objectives
Simvastatin use is associated with muscular side effects, and increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). In clinical use, simvastatin is administered in inactive lipophilic lactone-form, which is then converted to active acid-form in the body. Here, we have investigated if lactone- and acid-form simvastatin differentially affect glucose metabolism and mitochondrial respiration in primary human skeletal muscle cells.

Methods
Muscle cells were exposed separately to lactone- and acid-form simvastatin for 48 h. After pre-exposure, glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis were measured using radioactive tracers; insulin signalling was detected with Western blotting; and glycolysis, mitochondrial oxygen consumption and ATP production were measured with Seahorse XFe96 analyzer.

Results
Lactone-form simvastatin increased glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis, whereas acid-form simvastatin did not affect glucose uptake and decreased glycogen synthesis. Phosphorylation of insulin signalling targets Akt substrate 160 kDa (AS160) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) was upregulated with lactone-, but not with acid-form simvastatin. Exposure to both forms of simvastatin led to a decrease in glycolysis and glycolytic capacity, as well as to a decrease in mitochondrial respiration and ATP production.

Conclusions
These data suggest that lactone- and acid-forms of simvastatin exhibit differential effects on non-oxidative glucose metabolism as lactone-form increases and acid-form impairs glucose storage into glycogen, suggesting impaired insulin sensitivity in response to acid-form simvastatin. Both forms profoundly impair oxidative glucose metabolism and energy production in human skeletal muscle cells. These effects may contribute to muscular side effects and risk for T2D observed with simvastatin use.
Direito social e tecnologias digitais
Authors: Koerner Andrei , Perafán del Campo Eduardo Andrés Perafán Del Campo 
Published: October 2020

Este artigo explora os desafios para a reflexão crítica sobre o direito postos pelas mudanças trazidas pela combinação das tecnologias digitais e racionalidade governamental neoliberal para os modos de governo dos viventes nas sociedades contemporâneas. Essa combinação tem efeitos sobre o próprio modelo do direito social, tal como elaborado pelo constitucionalismo democrático, e central para o projeto neocosmopolita de direitos humanos.
O direito social é impactado de duas formas: as novas modalidades técnicas de operação do direito e a reviravolta das condições sócio-políticas para a sua realização. Vemos a reconfiguração do que é o direito na nossa sociedade e se colocam em questão os seus princípios, conceitos, teorias e técnicas. Assim, a discussão se coloca nas fronteiras entre direito, política e sociedade, na confluência de problemas como as relações entre direito e usos sociais da tecnologia, entre direito constitucional e democracia; entre os direitos humanos e o sistema político internacional.
Este artigo apresenta uma discussão teórica e contextual sobre os efeitos dessa combinação para a ordem constitucional democrática e social, e analisa o seu impacto direto e as mudanças possíveis que se deverão produzir no nível do direito para responder às novas realidades sociais. A análise se concentra nos temas da inteligência artificial e transhumanismo porque eles se situam nas fronteiras entre o biológico e o numérico, e colocam a questão do humano e das suas regras nos planos do programa político e dos dispositivos da vida cotidiana.
Comprehensive Synthetic Genetic Array Analysis of Alleles That Interact with Mutation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae RecQ Helicases Hrq1 and Sgs1
Authors: Sanders Elsbeth , Nguyen Phoebe A , Rogers Cody M , Bochman Matthew L 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Most eukaryotic genomes encode multiple RecQ family helicases, including five such enzymes in humans. For many years, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was considered unusual in that it only contained a single RecQ helicase, named Sgs1. However, it has recently been discovered that a second RecQ helicase, called Hrq1, resides in yeast. Both Hrq1 and Sgs1 are involved in genome integrity, functioning in processes such as DNA inter-strand crosslink repair, double-strand break repair, and telomere maintenance. However, it is unknown if these enzymes interact at a genetic, physical, or functional level as demonstrated for their human homologs. Thus, we performed synthetic genetic array (SGA) analyses of hrq1Δ and sgs1Δ mutants. As inactive alleles of helicases can demonstrate dominant phenotypes, we also performed SGA analyses on the hrq1-K318A and sgs1-K706A ATPase/helicase-null mutants, as well as all combinations of deletion and inactive double mutants. We crossed these eight query strains (hrq1Δ, sgs1Δ, hrq1-K318A, sgs1-K706A, hrq1Δ sgs1Δ, hrq1Δ sgs1-K706A, hrq1-K318A sgs1Δ, and hrq1-K318A sgs1-K706A) to the S. cerevisiae single gene deletion and temperature-sensitive allele collections to generate double and triple mutants and scored them for synthetic positive and negative genetic effects based on colony growth. These screens identified hundreds of synthetic interactions, supporting the known roles of Hrq1 and Sgs1 in DNA repair, as well as suggesting novel connections to rRNA processing, mitochondrial DNA maintenance, transcription, and lagging strand synthesis during DNA replication.
LC-MS/MS determination of glimepiride in human plasma with a high recovery at picogram scale: Pharmacokinetic study after oral administration
Authors: Kammoun Ahmed K. , Awan Zuhier Ahmed , Elawady Tarek , Khedr Alaa , El-Awady Mohamed I. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Although glimepiride (GLM) is the first-line treatment of Type II diabetes, low extraction recovery is still a significant limitation in previous plasma analysis methods. An optimized solid-phase extraction method of GLM in human plasma with excellent extraction recovery, 100 ± 0.06%, was achieved using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and Gliclazide (GLZ) as an internal standard. GLM was extracted from 100 µL plasma sample using Sep-Pak® vac 1cc (100 mg) C18 column and methylene chloride: methanol (2: 1, v/v) as eluant. Both GLM and GLZ were monitored by a triple quad mass spectrometer applying positive multiple reaction monitoring mode (+MRM). The protonated precursor ions and product ions of GLM and GLZ were m/z 491(352), and m/z 324 (127), respectively. The detection and measurement of low levels of GLM in human plasma reached to picogram range (limit of detection (LOD) = 60 pg/mL, limit of quantification (LOQ) = 200 pg/mL). The method was validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, recovery, accuracy, and precision. The method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of GLM following oral administration of 1 mg GLM tablets to 12 healthy volunteers.
Do e-athletes move? A study on physical activity level and body composition in elite e-sports
Authors: Bayrakdar Akan , Yıldız Yağmur , Bayraktar Işık 
Published: October 2020

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of e-sports on physical activity level and body composition.
Material and Methods. The athletes who participated in the study were 19.92± 2.21 years of age, 1.73±0.04 m body height and 78.35±6.52 kg body weight. A total of 137 athletes participated in the study, including 27 from Turkey, 47 from South Korea and 63 from the United States (USA). The data was collected by e-mail from the sports clubs. The athletes who representing their country in international competitions involved in the study. The data obtained were evaluated in the SPSS program.
Results. According to the findings of the study, the body mass index (BMI) of e-sport athletes is 26.03±1.85, the number of physical activity steps is 6646±3400 and the daily e-sport hours are 9.34±1.12. The BMI was determined as USA 26.12, South Korea 26.02 and Turkey 25.84 respectively. The number of physical activity steps was identified as 5255 steps in the US, 7785 steps in South Korea and 7909 steps in Turkey. The daily e-sports hour is set at US 9.63 hours, Turkey 9.29 hours and South Korea 8.97 hours. In comparison of country-based athletes, there was a significant difference between physical activity level and daily e-sports hours at p<0.05. The value of BMI is not different. Although it is not statistically related to the physical activity level and BMI. There was no statistically significant relationship between daily e-sports hours and BMI and physical activity step counts. However, as the time of e-sports increases, BMI increases and the number of physical activity steps decreases.
Conclusions. As a result it is seen in the findings of the research that athletes dealing with e-sports are included in the fat group as a body composition and their daily physical activity steps are low. In addition, according to the results of the research, e-sports are thought to have negative effects on physical health. Thanks to the physical activity programs to be applied to these athletes, it is thought that their body composition and physical activity levels can be improved.