bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk prediction model for lung cancer incorporating metabolic markers: Development and internal validation in a Chinese population
Authors: Lyu Zhangyan , Li Ni , Chen Shuohua , Wang Gang , Tan Fengwei , Feng Xiaoshuang , Li Xin , Wen Yan , Yang Zhuoyu , Wang Yalong , Li Jiang , Chen Hongda , Lin Chunqing , Ren Jiansong , Shi Jufang , Wu Shouling , Dai Min , He Jie 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundLow‐dose computed tomography screening has been proved to reduce lung cancer mortality, however, the issues of high false‐positive rate and overdiagnosis remain unsolved. Risk prediction models for lung cancer that could accurately identify high‐risk populations may help to increase efficiency. We thus sought to develop a risk prediction model for lung cancer incorporating epidemiological and metabolic markers in a Chinese population.MethodsDuring 2006 and 2015, a total of 122 497 people were observed prospectively for lung cancer incidence with the total person‐years of 976 663. Stepwise multivariable‐adjusted logistic regressions with Pentry = .15 and Pstay = .20 were conducted to select the candidate variables including demographics and metabolic markers such as high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) into the prediction model. We used the C‐statistic to evaluate discrimination, and Hosmer‐Lemeshow tests for calibration. Tenfold cross‐validation was conducted for internal validation to assess the model's stability.ResultsA total of 984 lung cancer cases were identified during the follow‐up. The epidemiological model including age, gender, smoking status, alcohol intake status, coal dust exposure status, and body mass index generated a C‐statistic of 0.731. The full model additionally included hsCRP and LDL‐C showed significantly better discrimination (C‐statistic = 0.735, P = .033). In stratified analysis, the full model showed better predictive power in terms of C‐statistic in younger participants (<50 years, 0.709), females (0.726), and former or current smokers (0.742). The model calibrated well across the deciles of predicted risk in both the overall population (PHL = .689) and all subgroups.ConclusionsWe developed and internally validated an easy‐to‐use risk prediction model for lung cancer among the Chinese population that could provide guidance for screening and surveillance.
A Systems Approach to a One‐Pot Electrochemical Wittig Olefination Avoiding the Use of Chemical Reductant or Sacrificial Electrode
Authors: Chakraborty Biswarup , Kostenko Arseni , Menezes Prashanth W. , Driess Matthias 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAn unprecedented one‐pot fully electrochemically driven Wittig olefination reaction system without employing a chemical reductant or sacrificial electrode material to regenerate triphenylphosphine (TPP) from triphenylphosphine oxide (TPPO) and base‐free in situ formation of Wittig ylides, is reported. Starting from TPPO, the initial step of the phosphoryl P=O bond activation proceeds through alkylation with RX (R=Me, Et; X=OSO2CF3 (OTf)), affording the corresponding [Ph3POR]+X− salts which undergo efficient electroreduction to TPP in the presence of a substoichiometric amount of the Sc(OTf)3 Lewis acid on a Ag‐electrode. Subsequent alkylation of TPP affords Ph3PR+ which enables a facile and efficient electrochemical in situ formation of the corresponding Wittig ylide under base‐free condition and their direct use for the olefination of various carbonyl compounds. The mechanism and, in particular, the intriguing role of Sc3+ as mediator in the TPPO electroreduction been uncovered by density functional theory calculations.
Mapping mesoscale cortical connectivity in monkey sensorimotor cortex with optical imaging and microstimulation
Authors: Friedman Robert M. , Morone Katherine A. , Gharbawie Omar A. , Roe Anna Wang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTo map in vivo cortical circuitry at the mesoscale, we applied a novel approach to map interareal functional connectivity. Electrical intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) in conjunction with optical imaging of intrinsic signals (OIS) was used map functional connections in somatosensory cortical areas in anesthetized squirrel monkeys. ICMS produced activations that were focal and that displayed responses which were stimulation intensity dependent. ICMS in supragranular layers of Brodmann Areas 3b, 1, 2, 3a, and M1 evoked interareal activation patterns that were topographically appropriate and appeared consistent with known anatomical connectivity. Specifically, ICMS revealed Area 3b connections with Area 1; Area 1 connections with Areas 2 and 3a; Area 2 connections with Areas 1, 3a, and M1; Area 3a connections with Areas M1, 1, and 2; and M1 connections with Areas 3a, 1, and 2. These somatosensory connectivity patterns were reminiscent of feedforward patterns observed anatomically, although feedback contributions are also likely present. Further consistent with anatomical connectivity, intra‐areal and intra‐areal patterns of activation were patchy with patch sizes of 200–300 μm. In summary, ICMS with OIS is a novel approach for mapping interareal and intra‐areal connections in vivo. Comparisons with feedforward and feedback anatomical connectivity are discussed.
Stable Luminescent Composite Microspheres Based on Porous Silica with Embedded CsPbBr3 Perovskite Nanocrystals
Authors: Ushakova Elena V. , Cherevkov Sergei A. , Sokolova Anastasiia V. , Li Yanxiu , Azizov Ruslan R. , Baranov Mikhail A. , Kurdyukov Dmitry A. , Yu Stovpiaga Ekaterina , Golubev Valery G. , Rogach Andrey L. , Baranov Alexander V. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLead halide perovskite nanocrystals are attracting a lot of attention due to their superior optical properties, such as narrow emission bandwidths, and high photoluminescence quantum yields. Still, they are far from practical implementation, since they can rather easily degrade under ambient conditions, and even more so at high humidity, temperature, and UV light exposure, which has triggered on‐going search for the suitable protective host matrices. We report a luminescent composite material based on porous silica microspheres (0.5 μm in diameter) with embedded CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals. This composite shows increased stability in terms of preserving photoluminescence of the CsPbBr3 nanocrystals, while further encapsulation in polymer shells using sequential layer‐by‐layer assembly of the oppositely charged polyelectrolytes poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and poly(sodium 4‐styrenesulfonate) results in water dispersible luminescent microspheres. The availability of such samples may expand the use of light‐emitting perovskite nanocrystals in diverse biological applications, including imaging and sensing in highly scattering media.
Transfer learning meets sales engagement email classification: Evaluation, analysis, and strategies
Authors: Liu Yong , Dmitriev Pavel , Huang Yifei , Brooks Andrew , Dong Li , Liang Mengyue , Boshernitzan Zvi , Cao Jiwei , Nguy Bobby 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEnterprise email classification in the sales engagement platform is a challenge due to its evolving asynchronous conversational context during the sales process and differences across industries and organizations. This is further exacerbated by the limited amount of labeled emails due to security and privacy constraints. The leaderboard success of using pretrained language models (LMs) such as BERT and various transfer learning techniques promises a paradigm shift to natural language processing, yet the recipe for applying high performance transfer learning (HPTL) in practical applications remains unclear. This article investigates applying HPTL to sales engagement email classification through a series of experiments and analysis. The experiment datasets include two different organizations' emails. The contribution of this paper is 4‐fold: (a) analysis and characterization of the email corpora from different organizations; (b) identification of the best combinations of pre‐trained LMs under different modeling architectures; (c) study of the impact and trade‐off of limited labeled data on the model accuracy and training time; and (d) characterization and study of the impact of different orgs' datasets on the model accuracy. Our results showed that a practical winning recipe that uses BERT‐finetuning with as few as 500 labeled training examples can consistently outperform significantly with reasonable training time among all models evaluated.
Urban Civic Network as practice of social change and innovation. A case‐study analysis
Authors: Ricciardelli Alessandra , Raimo Nicola , Manfredi Francesco , Vitolla Filippo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSocial innovation represents a social practice that aims to meet social needs by involving communities in dialogues through participatory and collaborative approaches. One new and particular solution of social innovation is represented by Urban Civic Networks. However, considering the novelty of this topic, neither the benefits nor the role of public entities in implementing such practice of social innovation, nor the strengths of the implementation process are known, yet. This study aims to fill this gap through the analysis of a single‐case study, based upon theories of social innovation and social change, referring to the City of Bari. Results show that implementation of Urban Civic Networks generates both tangible and intangible benefits and demonstrate that local government plays a pivotal and leading role in the implementation process. Finally, they show that the strengths of this practice are connected to bottom‐up approaches enabling efficient knowledge management and collaboration.
The influence of responsible leadership on environmental innovation and environmental performance: The moderating role of managerial discretion
Authors: Liao Zhongju , Zhang Manting 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBased on stakeholder and upper‐echelon theories and following the logic of “leadership‐behavior‐performance,” this study constructs a model to investigate the relationships between responsible leadership, managerial discretion, environmental innovation, and firm's environmental performance. This study analyzed a sample of survey responses from 208 manufacturing firms. The results show that the three dimensions of responsible leadership (relationship building, relational governance, and sharing orientation) have a positive effect on incremental environmental innovation; relational governance and sharing orientation have a positive effect on radical environmental innovation; both incremental and radical environmental innovation have a positive effect on a firm's environmental performance; and finally, managerial discretion plays a significant and positive moderating role in the relationships between sharing orientation and incremental and radical environmental innovation, and between relational governance and radical environmental innovation.
A Promising Alternative for Sustainable and Highly Efficient Solar‐Driven Deuterium Evolution at Room Temperature by Photocatalytic D2O Splitting
Authors: Zeng Gongchang , Zeng Heping , Niu Lishan , Chen Jiayi , Song Ting , Zhang Piyong , Wu Yixiao , Xiao Xinyan , Zhang Yongqing , Huang Shaobin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMotivated by energy shortages and in view of current efforts to develop clean, renewable energy sources based on fusion, a solar‐driven strategy has been developed for deuterium evolution. Deuterium is a critical resource for many aspects. However, the limited natural abundance of deuterium and the complexity of established technologies, such as quantum sieving (QS) for deuterium production under extreme conditions, pose challenges. The new method has the potential for robust and sustainable deuterium evolution, enabling deuterium production at a high rate of 9.745 mmol g−1 h−1. The activity, thermodynamic, and kinetic characteristics are also investigated and compared between photocatalytic heavy water (D2O) splitting and water (H2O) splitting. This study opens a new avenue to discover promising photocatalytic deuterium generation systems for advanced solar energy utilization and deuterium enrichment.
Purification of anionic fluorescent probes through precise fraction collection with a two‐point detection system using multiple‐stacking preparative capillary transient isotachophoresis
Authors: Haraga Tomoko , Tsujimura Hiroto , Miyauchi Saori , Kamimura Takuya , Shibukawa Masami , Saito Shingo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA novel combination of CE‐based separation techniques was used for the precise fractionation of ionic compounds from impurities. The combination of on‐capillary concentration and separation using transient isotachophoresis, with multiple injections and a two‐point detection system provided higher efficiency, and accuracy at a microliter‐scale injection volume, than when CE was individually used for purification. In this paper, we present successful applications of the CE fractionation techniques for the purification of fluorescein, fluorescein‐4‐isothiocyanate, two fluorescent metal ion probes, and a fluorescein‐modified DNA aptamer. The purity of the isolated fluorescent probes ranged from 95 to 99%. Such high purity could not be achieved using chromatographic purification techniques. With relatively low dilution factors of 6–9, the purified probe solutions were practical for use as purified stock solutions. In addition, the fluorescein‐modified DNA aptamer purified by our method was successfully used in a thrombin binding assay. The method developed was useful for the purification of anionic fluorescent reagents to be of ultratrace analytical grade for use with CE‐LIF.
Walking speed reduction rates at intersections while wayfinding indoors: An experimental study
Authors: Bae Young‐Hoon , Kim Young‐Chan , Oh Ryun‐Seok , Son Jong‐Yeong , Hong Won‐Hwa , Choi Jun‐Ho 
Published: April 2020

SummaryAlthough there are numerous studies that explain how pedestrians behave, there remains a lack of experimental data on the various factors that can induce walking speed changes. It is important to continue experiments into this topic because, given that pedestrians receive information and select paths during indoor wayfinding in complicated buildings, their walking speed necessarily decreases. Furthermore, the majority of existing studies do not simultaneously explain changes in indoor wayfinding characteristics and in walking speed. To bridge this gap, we present results from an experimental study to indicate the effect that wayfinding at intersections within a building has on human walking speed. We analyzed changes in walking speed by intersection type and path selection direction (by conducting a maze experiment with 77 participants) to arrive at the following results: (a) Human walking speed decreases at intersections; (b) The change in walking speed depends on the type of the intersection and the path selection direction; (c) A multiple regression analysis can be used to model reduction in walking speed by intersection type and path selection direction. This study suggests that evacuation modeling should consider that wayfinding occurs when pedestrians select paths at intersections, which affects their walking speed.
A framework to perform high‐order deconvolution for finite‐volume method on simplicial meshes
Authors: Bernard Manuel , Lartigue Ghislain , Balarac Guillaume , Moureau Vincent , Puigt Guillaume 
Published: April 2020

SummaryIn this article, a new framework to design high‐order approximations in the context of node‐centered finite volumes on simplicial meshes is proposed. The major novelty of this method is that it relies on very simple and compact differential operators, which is a critical point to achieve good performances in the High‐performance computing context. This method is based on deconvolution between nodal and volume‐average values, which can be conducted to any order. The interest of the new method is illustrated through three different applications: mesh‐to‐mesh interpolation, levelset curvature computation, and numerical scheme for convection. Higher order can also be achieved within the present framework by introducing high‐rank tensors. Although these tensors feature much symmetries, their manipulation can quickly become an overwhelming task. For this reason and without loss of generality, the present articles are limited to third‐order expansion. This method, although tightly connected to thek‐exact schemestheory, does not rely on successive corrections: the high‐order property is obtained in a single operation, which makes them more attractive in terms of performances.
Open Cell Metal Foam as Extended Coolant Surface – Fuel Cell Application
Authors: Vazifeshenas Y. , Sedighi K. , Shakeri M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractConsisting of randomly oriented cells with nearly uniform shapes, open cell metal foams are considered to be reliable in heat transfer applications. Numerical tools and experimental tests were applied to assess the thermo‐hydraulic behavior of aluminum metal foam sheet adjacent to the heated wall in role of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell end plate. Convective cooling media passing through the metal foam sheet carries heat being conducted through the plate and metal foam matrix. The plate with constant heat flux is considered to be the heat source in both numerical and experimental approaches. Numerical model was applied for simulation of the metal foam sheet through porous media assumptions. The experimental set up was also assembled to verify the theory. The comparison between the numerical results and experimental data revealed acceptable agreement. The porosity percentage, heat flux, the metal foam sheet height and the coolant media velocity were the investigated variables. Finally, the result showed that the outlet temperature would increase straightly with the porosity percentage decrement. Whilst, on the other hand the pressure drop decreased by porosity enhancement.
Ultra‐low depth sequencing of plasma cell DNA for the detection of copy number aberrations in multiple myeloma
Authors: Buedts Lieselot , Smits Sanne , Ameye Geneviève , Lehnert Stefan , Ding Jia , Delforge Michel , Vermeesch Joris , Boeckx Nancy , Tousseyn Thomas , Michaux Lucienne , Vandenberghe Peter , Dewaele Barbara 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCytogenetic abnormalities are powerful prognostic factors in multiple myeloma (MM) and are routinely analyzed by FISH on bone marrow (BM) plasma cells (PC). Although considered the gold standard, FISH experiments can be laborious and expensive. Therefore, array‐CGH (aCGH) has been introduced as an alternative approach for detecting copy number aberrations (CNA), reducing the number of FISH experiments per case and yielding genome‐wide information. Currently, next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies offer new perspectives for the diagnostic workup of malignant disorders. In this study, we examined ultra‐low depth whole genome sequencing (LDS) as a valid alternative for aCGH for the detection of CNA in BM PC in MM. To this end, BM aspirates obtained in a diagnostic setting from 20 MM cases were analyzed. CD138+ cell‐sorted samples were subjected to FISH analysis. DNA was extracted for subsequent aCGH and LDS analysis. CNA were detected by aCGH and LDS in all but one case. Importantly, all CNA identified by parallel first generation aCGH analysis were also detected by LDS, along with six additional CNA in five cases. One of these additional aberrations was in a region of prognostic importance in MM and was confirmed using FISH. However, risk stratification in these particular cases was unaffected. Thus, a perfectly concordant prognostication between array‐CGH and LDS was observed. This validates LDS as a novel and cost‐efficient tool for the detection of CNA in MM.
E2F7 Is a Potent Inhibitor of Liver Tumor Growth in Adult Mice
Authors: Moreno Eva , Toussaint Mathilda J.M. , van Essen Saskia C. , Bongiovanni Laura , van Liere Elsbeth A. , Koster Mirjam H. , Yuan Ruixue , van Deursen Jan M. , Westendorp Bart , de Bruin Alain 
Published: April 2020

Background and Aims
Up‐regulation of the E2F‐dependent transcriptional network has been identified in nearly every human malignancy and is an important driver of tumorigenesis. Two members of the E2F family, E2F7 and E2F8, are potent repressors of E2F‐dependent transcription. They are atypical in that they do not bind to dimerization partner proteins and are not controlled by retinoblastoma protein. The physiological relevance of E2F7 and E2F8 remains incompletely understood, largely because tools to manipulate their activity in vivo have been lacking.

Approach and Results
Here, we generated transgenic mice with doxycycline‐controlled transcriptional activation of E2f7 and E2f8 and induced their expression during postnatal development, in adulthood, and in the context of cancer. Systemic induction of E2f7 and, to lesser extent, E2f8 transgenes in juvenile mice impaired cell proliferation, caused replication stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis, and inhibited animal growth. In adult mice, however, E2F7 and E2F8 induction was well tolerated, yet profoundly interfered with DNA replication, DNA integrity, and cell proliferation in diethylnitrosamine‐induced liver tumors.

Conclusion
Collectively, our findings demonstrate that atypical E2Fs can override cell‐cycle entry and progression governed by other E2F family members and suggest that this property can be exploited to inhibit proliferation of neoplastic hepatocytes when growth and development have subsided during adulthood.
Macroeconomic and financial implications of multi‐dimensional interdependencies between OECD countries
Authors: Sevinc Deniz , Mata Flores Edgar 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper uses a complex structure of factors of exposure to international shocks for the analysis of regional and inter‐regional effects of a variety of financial shocks across Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) economies. Those factors (trade, finance, migration and others) are incorporated in a coherent and comparable scheme which, based on observed data, describes pair‐wise, directionally asymmetric exposures to foreign economies in the sample. Through a global vector auto‐regressive setting, a systemic approach characterizes our modelling by the means of which several standardized shocks are simulated varying the region of origin to compare their effects and spillovers. In the depicted map of risks, the shocks are of particular relevance to both wholesale and retail credit markets, stock and commodities markets and also for the management of monetary and fiscal policies in open economies. The diversity of responses between OECD regions is useful to understand the asymmetric impacts and degrees of relative vulnerability towards disturbances in international markets. A subset of Eurozone countries, for example, consistently shows significant sensitivity to foreign shocks. Other Eurozone countries experience a lower degree of imported volatility while Asia‐Pacific appears to be more resilient to shocks in OECD regions. In turn, the significance of the impacts of shocks in the North American Free Trade Agreement region is large enough for them to be close representations of global shocks.