bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exact solution of the 1D Dirac equation for the inverse-square-root potential 1/x$1/\sqrt{x}$
Authors: Ishkhanyan Artur M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe present the exact solution of the 1D Dirac equation for the inverse-square-root potential1/x$1/\sqrt{x}$for several configurations of vector, pseudo-scalar, and scalar fields. Each fundamental solution of the problem can be written as an irreducible linear combination of two Hermite functions of a scaled and shifted argument. We derive the exact equations for bound-state energy eigenvalues and construct accurate approximations for the energy spectrum.
Fundamental limitations of the mode temperature concept in strongly coupled systems
Authors: Biehs Svend-Age , Kittel Achim , Ben-Abdallah Philippe 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We theoretically analyze heat exchange between two quantum systems in interaction with external thermostats. We show that in the strong coupling limit the widely used concept of mode temperatures loses its thermodynamic foundation and therefore cannot be employed to make a valid statement on cooling and heating in such systems; instead, the incorrectly applied concept may result in a severe misinterpretation of the underlying physics. We illustrate these general conclusions by discussing recent experimental results reported on the nanoscale heat transfer through quantum fluctuations between two nanomechanical membranes separated by a vacuum gap.
Kinetic and equilibrium study of (poly amido amine) PAMAM dendrimers for the removal of chromium from tannery wastewater
Authors: Naveed Rizwana , Bhatti Ijaz Ahmad , Sohail Isra , Ashar Ambreen , Ibrahim Sobhy M. , Iqbal Munawar , Nazir Arif 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Water gets polluted by industrial effluents, mainly composed of heavy metals and organic materials. Water soluble heavy metals can be taken up by living organisms. Chromium mainly occurs in the form of chromate and cationic hydroxo complexes in water. Apart from conventional methods of heavy metal removal, there are some novel approaches such as using dendrimers for removal of heavy metal. Dendrimers are extremely branched nano sized polymers with a three-dimensional symmetry around a core that imparts poly functionality. PAMAM (poly amido amine) dendrimers having ethylene diamine as core and methyl acrylate as repeating unit was divergently synthesized. Characterization of PAMAM dendrimers was evaluated by UV–Vis spectroscopy, zeta sizer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Zero generation dendrimers have amine terminal groups, showed intense amide group peak at 1596.76 cm−1. The λ
max value was 278 nm. SEM exhibited spherical shape for full generation while needle like structure for −0.5 generation. Evaluation of chromium removal from wastewater has been done by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The data revealed that optimal removal of Cr occurs at dendrimer concentration of 5 mL, Cr concentration of 300 ppm, contact time of 2 min and pH 7. The synthesized dendrimers have effectively removed Cr from tannery wastewater.
D. 50,9,6 (Scaev. 1 dig): Auslegung eines statthalterisch veranlassten Stadtgesetzes?
Authors: Häusler Adrian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

D. 50,9,6 (Scaev. 1 dig): Interpretation of a Municipal Statute Induced by a Governor? The responsum D. 50,9,6 (Scaev. 1 dig) of Q. Cervidius Scaevola contains a municipal law in Greek, punishing anyone requiring justice by avoiding the ordinary legal proceedings before the synhedrion. The inquirer asks if he committed a punishable offence since he acted in ignorance against a decretum. Scaevola replies that only offenders acting intentionally will undergo punishment. Although repudiating his suspicions of interpolations, this paper supports the hypothesis of Staffhorst, who considers the statute not emanating from a municipium, but from a Greek Polis. Furthermore, the analysis confirms that the decretum contains an interdiction to take action within another court than the synhedrion. The ignorantia concerns neither the statute, nor the decision, but the unlawfulness of the behaviour itself (adversus decretum facere) and is a conventional criterion of the Roman jurists in order to exclude bad faith or fault. Finally, the statute could be regarded as a rule originating from the authority of a Roman governor concerning provincial procedural law and its promulgation might have been induced by the governor himself in order to reduce the number of provincial inquiries towards Roman officials.
Inhalt: I. Einleitung; II. Zur Datierung der Responsen Scaevolas; III. Interpolationsvermutungen; IV. Zu ignorans adversus decretum facere und zur Auslegung der Strafnorm; V. Ergebnisse
Parvalbumin and Somatostatin Interneurons Contribute to the Generation of Hippocampal Gamma Oscillations
Authors: Antonoudiou Pantelis , Tan Yu Lin , Kontou Georgina , Upton A. Louise , Mann Edward O. 
Published: August 2020

γ-frequency oscillations (30-120 Hz) in cortical networks influence neuronal encoding and information transfer, and are disrupted in multiple brain disorders. While synaptic inhibition is important for synchronization across the γ-frequency range, the role of distinct interneuronal subtypes in slow (<60 Hz) and fast γ states remains unclear. Here, we used optogenetics to examine the involvement of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) and somatostatin-expressing (SST+) interneurons in γ oscillations in the mouse hippocampal CA3ex vivo, using animals of either sex. Disrupting either PV+or SST+interneuron activity, via either photoinhibition or photoexcitation, led to a decrease in the power of cholinergically induced slow γ oscillations. Furthermore, photoexcitation of SST+interneurons induced fast γ oscillations, which depended on both synaptic excitation and inhibition. Our findings support a critical role for both PV+and SST+interneurons in slow hippocampal γ oscillations, and further suggest that intense activation of SST+interneurons can enable the CA3 circuit to generate fast γ oscillations.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe generation of hippocampal γ oscillations depends on synchronized inhibition provided by GABAergic interneurons. Parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) interneurons are thought to play the key role in coordinating the spike timing of excitatory pyramidal neurons, but the role distinct inhibitory circuits in network synchronization remains unresolved. Here, we show, for the first time, that causal disruption of either PV+or somatostatin-expressing (SST+) interneuron activity impairs the generation of slow γ oscillations in the ventral hippocampusex vivo. We further show that SST+interneuron activation along with general network excitation is sufficient to generate high-frequency γ oscillations in the same preparation. These results affirm a crucial role for both PV+and SST+interneurons in hippocampal γ oscillation generation.
Characterization of the F Locus Responsible for Floral Anthocyanin Production in Potato
Authors: Laimbeer F Parker E , Bargmann Bastiaan OR , Holt Sarah H , Pratt Trenton , Peterson Brenda , Doulis Andreas G , Buell C Robin , Veilleux Richard E 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Anthocyanins are pigmented secondary metabolites produced via the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway and play important roles in plant stress responses, pollinator attraction, and consumer preference. Using RNA-sequencing analysis of a cross between diploid potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) lines segregating for flower color, we identified a homolog of the ANTHOCYANIN 2 (AN2) gene family that encodes a MYB transcription factor, herein termed StFlAN2, as the regulator of anthocyanin production in potato corollas. Transgenic introduction of StFlAN2 in white-flowered homozygous doubled-monoploid plants resulted in a recovery of purple flowers. RNA-sequencing revealed the specific anthocyanin biosynthetic genes activated by StFlAN2 as well as expression differences in genes within pathways involved in fruit ripening, senescence, and primary metabolism. Closer examination of the locus using genomic sequence analysis revealed a duplication in the StFlAN2 locus closely associated with gene expression that is likely attributable to nearby genetic elements. Taken together, this research provides insight into the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in potato while also highlighting how the dynamic nature of the StFlAN2 locus may affect expression.
Foreign Aid and Child Mortality Rate in Nigeria
Authors: Adebanji Funmilola Bukola , Nwosa Philip Ifeakachukwu , Ojo Olusoji , Alake Olamide Jacquilyne 
Published: August 2020

Several factors have attributed to the high child mortality rate, including poverty, age of women at birth, and length of the interval between births. Besides, the lack of financial resources in developing countries has been a challenge in addressing the prevalent high child mortality rate. Thus, this study seeks to examine the relationship between foreign aid and infant mortality in Nigeria from 1981 to 2018. Employing Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique, the study observed that foreign aid, government expenditure on health, real GDP, and carbon dioxide emission negatively impacted child mortality. Hence, the study concludes that foreign aid reduces child mortality in Nigeria. The study recommends that the government ensure that all foreign aid and grants use immediately to reduce child mortality by building the necessary infrastructure and making it readily available.JEL Classification: F35, I19.How to Cite:Adebanji, F. B., Nwosa, P. I., Ojo, O. O., & Alake, O. J. (2020). Foreign Aid and Child Mortality Rate in Nigeria. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 9(2), 187-194. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v9i2.14960.
Inflation-Unemployment Trade-Offs In ASEAN-10
Authors: Lisani Nurul , Masbar Raja , Silvia Vivi 
Published: August 2020

This study empirically explores the nature of inflation-unemployment dynamic causal relationships both in the short and long-run in the ASEAN-10 over the 1989-2018 period. Based on the panel cointegration test, the study documented a long-run equilibrium between inflation and unemployment. Using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) analysis, the study found an insignificant inflation-unemployment relationship in the short-run. However, in the long-run, inflation is found to affect the unemployment rate positively. Our results from the Variance Decompositions (VDCs) analysis also supported these findings, where the unemployment responded at the more significant percentage to shocks in inflation compared to the response of inflation to shocks in unemployment. These findings only supported the relevance of the Phillips curve theory in the long-run. Overall, these findings imply that although inflation targeting policy is not relevant to the short-run, it becomes crucial and effective to reduce the unemployment rate in ASEAN-10 in the long-run.JEL Classifications: E52, E58, J64 How to Cite:Lisani, N., Masbar, R., & Silvia, V. (2020). Inflation-Unemployment Trade-Offs In Asean-10. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 9(2), 241-256. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v9i2.16346.
RESEARCH ON THE PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE PROVIDING EFFICIENCY OF MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS’ BANK
Authors: T. D. Girchenko  , O. V. Panchenko  
Published: August 2020

The marketing communications play an important role in the activities of banks, because it is one of the most important elements of the marketing activity. As an element of a banking institution’s marketing activity, they must be carefully planned, organized and controlled. The need to plan marketing communications in the bank stems from the fact that today it is difficult for consumers to navigate the banking services market. The ongoing competition for each consumer in the banking market drives banks to integrate marketing communications.
Banks are in constant contact with customers of banking services, financial institutions, central banks, etc. Any bank requires interconnected communications that are constantly evolving to meet the changing external and internal environment. Thus, marketing communications play an important stage in the bank’s marketing activity.
In an age of digital economy, marketing communications are a prerequisite for improving the increasing the effectiveness of banks and their profitability.
The practical aspects of ensuring the effectiveness of a bank’s marketing communications are considered and explored in the article. The structure of the bank’s marketing communications complex is influenced by the following factors: the level of management of the bank, the degree of purchasing power of the potential client, the strategy of promotion of banking services, the peculiarities of the complex of marketing communications of competitors and the financial capacity of the bank.
In particular, digitalization (digitization) of the bank involves the modernization of the banking structure, products and channels of interaction with its customers by applying modern technologies to increase the effectiveness of marketing communications, increase profits and its competitiveness.
LIQUIDITY REGULATION OF BANKS IN THE CONTEXT OF FINANCIAL CYCLES
Authors: G. Т. Karcheva  , V. Yu. Chibisova  , N. M. Pantielieieva  , N. V. Rogova  
Published: August 2020

The urgency and importance of taking into account the cyclical characteristics of the functioning of the economic and banking system in the process of liquidity regulation of banks is proved. The concept of cyclicity is defined, which means a smooth transition from one phase of the cycle to another based on market conditions and instruments.
Three main types of cycles in the current conditions of development of the world market are revealed, such as economic, credit and financial cycles, their essence, main differences and interrelation are highlighted. It is mentioned that financial cycles are «youngest» compared with other types of them. Because financial cycles are often interpreted as indicators of financial imbalance, their relationship with the systemic risk of the banking sector has been followed. It is noted in the presence of systemic risk both in the phase of rise of the financial cycle (accumulation of risk), and at the stage of its decline (materialization of risk).
The basic rule for constructing a liquidity regulation strategy for banks depending on the phases of the financial cycle is formulated: accumulation of liquidity at the stage of rise and its optimal use in the phase of recession. In the issue of liquidity management strategy, the main focus should be relocated from pro-cyclical mechanisms to countercyclical instruments that would allow to withstand systemic crisis phenomena. Countercyclical regulation should ensure the preparation of the financial system for future shocks in order to maximize their effective overcoming.
The important role of regulatory authorities in the process of constructing the correct strategy of regulation and introduction of the correct levers and instruments of monetary policy is emphasized. In addition, systemically important banking institutions require more control, because it’s bankruptcy will cause irreparable damage to the normal functioning of the whole system. The analysis of indicators of the Ukrainian banking market was conducted depending on the phase of the financial cycle.
IMPROVEMENT OF FINANCIAL SUPERVISION ON THE BASIS OF INTERNATIONAL PRINCIPLES IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: V. М. Kremen  , A. Yu. Semenog  , O. І. Kremen  
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of financial supervision system compliance in the countries with the international principles and the best world practices.
The main international principles of effective banking supervision, insurance and regulation of the securities market are analyzed.
We developed a scientific and methodological approach to assessing the country's financial supervision compliance with international principles, which allows to determine the dynamics of development and improvement of financial supervision in banking, insurance and securities segments of the financial sector. A scale for translating financial supervisory compliance assessments into international principles was developed and statistical tools of arithmetic weighted and geometric mean were used to summarize the implementation of Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision, Insurance Core Principles and Objectives and Principles of Securities Regulation.
The average level the implementation of each of the principles of Effective Banking Supervision, Insurance Core Principles and Objectives and Principles of Securities Regulation is determined. Banking Supervision has been assessed to international principles in countries such as Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, Germany, Denmark, United Kingdom, Georgia, Hong Kong, Republic of Korea, Moldova, New Zealand, Russian Federation, Turkey, United States of America, South Africa, Insurance Supervision — Canada, Denmark, Hong Kong, Ireland, New Zealand, Turkey, United States of America, South Africa, securities market surveillance and financial supervision in general — Canada, Hong Kong, United States of America, South Africa. The work identifies key areas of modern and innovative development of the financial supervision system.
The paper identifies key areas of modern and innovative development of the financial supervision. Our results showed that increasing the compliance of financial supervision with international standards can be ensured primarily through the introduction of risk-oriented financial supervision, improvement of corporate governance and disclosure of financial reporting by financial intermediaries.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОПОДАТКУВАННЯ АКЦИЗНИМ ПОДАТКОМ ПАЛЬНОГО В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: N. I. Atamanchuk  , N. S. Khatniuk  , N. М. Boreiko  , Y. Yu. Bakai  
Published: August 2020

В умовах критичної залежності вітчизняного ринку нафтопродуктів від постачань імпортного палива, зростання попиту та цін на ринку нафтопродуктів в Україні питання удосконалення оподаткування імпортних операцій із вказаними товарами залишаються актуальними і потребують додаткового вивчення. Залежність від імпорту газу і нафти негативно впливає на стан вітчизняної економіки та несе загрозу енергетичній безпеці держави.
Досліджено особливості акцизного оподаткування пального в Україні. Проаналізовано способи попередження порушень митного і податкового законодавства під час ввезення на митну територію України нафтопродуктів та товарів, що можуть використовуватися при незаконному виробництві автомобільного двигунного пального.
Обгрунтовано необхідність вивчення і впровадження позитивного досвіду країн ЄС щодо диференціації ставок акцизного податку на пальне за певними критеріями для підвищення якості нафтопродуктів і регулювання негативного впливу від споживання нафтопродуктів на навколишнє природне середовище. Запропоновано застосування флуоресцентних хімічних добавок (євромаркерів, податкових маркерів тощо) з метою забезпечення цілісного контролю за обігом нафтопродуктів, попередження ухилення від сплати податків. Досліджено необхідність установлення визначеного переліку продуктів нафтохімічної і хімічної промисловості, які можуть використовуватись як сировина для виробництва автомобільного двигунного пального з відповідним розширенням і включенням їх до переліку підакцизних товарів.
Наведено приклад вдалого регулювання ринку нафтопродуктів за рахунок зараховування до бюджетів місцевого самоврядування надходжень від акцизного податку за роздрібний продаж пального через автозаправні станції, що сприятиме удосконаленню механізму зарахування акцизного податку з пального до місцевих бюджетів і підвищенню зацікавленості органів місцевого самоврядування в Україні в його адмініструванні.
ESTIMATING AND FORECASTING OF FINANCIAL SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES
Authors: G. M. Azarenkova  , O. G. Golovko  , K. V. Oryekhova  , O. V. Salenko  , A. V. Maiboroda  
Published: August 2020

The methodical approach to estimate financial security of business entities, which are related with management system of Defense Ministry in Ukraine, has been proposed in the research. Its difference feature from existing is: calculation integral financial indicators (property status, liquidity, financial independence, business activity and profitability); definition the levels of their significance and normative values.
Approbation the proposed methodical approach has been confirmed its versatility and made it possible to determine financial security level, strengths and weaknesses of economic activity. Also it has been allowed to improve process for making management decisions, which are related with upgrading equipment, raising liquidity, financial independence, increasing business activity and profitability.
The methodological approach for forecasting financial security has been developed. It has been differs from the existing by determining as resulting indicator — profitability own capital ratio and factor indicators — maneuverability ratio of equity capital, asset turnover ratio, accounts payable turnover ratio, equity capital turnover ratio, profitability ratio.
АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНІ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ ПОБУДОВИ ГРОШОВОЇ СИСТЕМИ У ПРАЦЯХ УЧЕНИХ-ЕКОНОМІСТІВ ХХ СТОЛIТТЯ
Authors: I. H. Skomorovych  , S. M. Lobozynska  , U. V. Vladychyn  
Published: August 2020

Після демонетизації золота у державах із ринковою економікою в основі функціонування грошової системи лежать кредитний характер емісії грошей і монополія на неї в центральних банках. Проте упродовж ХХ століття продовжували з’являлися альтернативні концепції побудови та функціонування грошової системи, автори яких висували свої пропозиції щодо оптимального облаштування грошового господарства у державі. Виокремлення основних напрямів, якими, на думку вчених-економістів, повинно здійснюватися реформування грошової сфери, — мета статті.
Серед найвідоміших економічних шкіл найбільше уваги критиці чинного порядку та необхідності перебудови грошової системи присвятили неокласики. І. Фішер, Л. фон Мізес, М. Ротбард, Ф. фон Гаєк, Х. Уерта де Сото не тільки викривали негативні наслідки інфляції, послідовно доводили злочинний характер фідуціарної емісії, виявляли нелогічність існування банківської системи з частковим резервуванням, а й формулювали власні правила облаштування національних і міжнародних грошових систем. В основу їхніх проєктів покладено золоте забезпечення грошей, організація їхнього випуску на ринкових засадах аж до передання емісії у приватні руки та ліквідації центрального банку. У сучасних умовах це відобразилось у появі криптовалют із приватними емітентами, проте без матеріального забезпечення.
Представник кейнсіанства Р. Гаррод пропонував замінити золотий стандарт на товарний. Прихильники теорії вільних грошей (С. Гезель і М. Кеннеді) ініціювали введення плати за володіння грошима, що повинно спонукати якнайшвидше їх витратити на придбання товарів чи кредитування. Вітчизяняний учений М. Тимофіїв, що творив на еміграції, розробив проєкт випуску грошових сертифікатів, забезпечених зерном, що зберігається на складах їхніх емітентів, — хліборобських банків, і переконував, що це ті гроші, які ніколи не втратять своєї вартості.
Таким чином, найбільш популярними альтернативними сучасним концепціями побудови грошової системи є повернення до золотого або будь-якого іншого товарного забезпечення грошової одиниці та можливість емісії приватних грошей.