bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finding characteristically rich nonlinear solution space: a statistical mechanics approach
Authors: Kim Taehyoun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this work, the modally equivalent perturbed system (MEPS) which was originally developed for finding the parametrically rich solution space of linear time‐invariant systems is modified for time‐varying cases and applied to find the characteristically rich nonlinear solution space given arbitrary initial or boundary conditions, or system inputs. An integral form of the non‐Hamiltonian Liouville equation is derived such that a rich ensemble average of its solutions covers a broad range of the modal space when a maximum uncertainty is present in the solutions. The MEPS degenerates the integrated Liouville equation into a linear differential equation with the Gauge Modal Invariance, a newly found field property that allows extending the application beyond the initial conditions or impulse inputs, making it possible to calculate the rich set of basis modes by taking snapshots of the linear responses at a considerably low computational cost. The proposed theory and algorithm are demonstrated using a computational model of a two‐dimensional incompressible, viscous flow at low Reynolds numbers. It is shown that the basis modes obtained herein, when used in conjunction with a low dimensional modeling, reproduce time simulation results very accurately for a wide range of Reynolds numbers and boundary conditions.
The role of psychological insulin resistance in diabetes self‐care management
Authors: Lim Ancho , Song Youngshin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsThe purpose of this study was to identify the role of psychological insulin resistance in the relationship between diabetes self‐efficacy and diabetes self‐care management in people with diabetes over 65 years of age.DesignA descriptive, cross‐sectional design was used.MethodsParticipants included 326 patients with type 2 diabetes who were over 65 years of age. Structural equation modelling was performed to estimate the direct and indirect effects of diabetes self‐efficacy on diabetes self‐care management when psychological insulin resistance was entered as a mediator. Data were collected from May 2015 to January 2017.ResultsDiabetes self‐efficacy (r = .53, p < .001) and psychological insulin resistance (r = .33, p < .001) were significantly associated with diabetes self‐care management, whereas a negative association was found between diabetes self‐efficacy and psychological insulin resistance (r = −.16, p < .001). When psychological insulin resistance was entered as a mediator, the association between diabetes self‐efficacy and diabetes self‐care management was attenuated. Therefore, psychological insulin resistance served as a mediator of diabetes self‐care management.
Self‐induced pneumoparotid: Case report of a rare cause
Authors: Al Ohali Sama , Al‐Qahtani Mubarak , Al Shahrani Mohammed , Islam Tahera , Al‐Qahtani Khalid 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPneumoparotid is a rare, difficult to diagnose cause of parotid gland swelling resulting from air insufflation inside the parotid gland or duct. We report a case of self‐induced pneumoparotid in a 14‐year‐old boy, presented with intermittent painless left parotid swelling for 7 months. Foamy saliva was expressed from the left Stenson's duct with manual compression of the crepitant mass. CT scan confirmed the diagnosis of pneumoparotid. The patient admitted the habit of blowing his cheeks against a closed mouth and was educated to abstain from the triggering habit. There was no recurrence in 2 years.
Characteristics, dynamic changes, and prognostic significance of TCR repertoire profiling in patients with renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Guo Liping , Bi Xingang , Li Yajian , Wen Li , Zhang Wen , Jiang Weixing , Ma JianHui , Feng Lin , Zhang Kaitai , Shou Jianzhong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe co‐evolving tumour cells and the systemic immune environment are mutually dysregulated. Tumours affect the immune response in a complex manner. For example, although lymphocytes are mobilized in response to tumours, their function is impaired by tumour progression. This study aimed to explore how the baseline and dynamic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumour burdens affect the T‐cell repertoire, and whether the baseline T‐cell receptor β‐chain (TCRB) diversity predicts prognosis. To characterise the TCRB repertoire, the baseline and follow‐up peripheral TCRB repertoires of 45 patients with RCC and 2 patients with benign renal disease patients were examined using high‐throughput TCRB sequencing. To explain the significance of TCRB diversity, 56 peripheral leukocyte samples from 28 patients before and after surgery were subjected to transcriptome sequencing. To validate the results, an advanced RCC patient's sample was subjected to single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA, 10x Genomics). Higher TCRB diversity was found to be correlated with a higher lymphocyte‐to‐neutrophil ratio, especially indicating more naïve T cells. High‐baseline TCRB diversity predicted a better prognosis for stage IV patients, and different tumour burdens exerted distinct effects on the immune status. The pre‐operative TCRB diversity was significantly higher in benign and stage I (low tumour burden) RCC patients than in stage IV (high tumour burden) patients. After the tumour burden of advanced patients was mostly relieved, we observed that the TCRB diversity was restored, T‐cell exhaustion was reduced, and naïve T‐cells were mobilized. It was demonstrated that the circulating TCRB repertoire could reflect the immune status and predict prognosis, and to some extent that cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) reduces the burden of the immune system in advanced patients, which might provide a good opportunity for immunotherapy. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
The role of observed cloud‐radiative anomalies for the dynamics of the North Atlantic Oscillation on synoptic time‐scales
Authors: Papavasileiou Georgios , Voigt Aiko , Knippertz Peter 
Published: February 2020

AbstractClouds shape weather and climate by regulating the latent and radiative heating in the atmosphere. Recent work has demonstrated the importance of cloud‐radiative effects (CRE) for the mean circulation of the extratropical atmosphere and its response to global warming. In contrast, little research has been done regarding the impact of CRE on internal variability. Here, we study how clouds and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) couple on synoptic time‐scales during Northern Hemisphere winter via CRE within the atmosphere (ACRE). A regression analysis based on 5‐day mean data from CloudSat/CALIPSO, CERES and GERB satellite observations and ERA‐Interim short‐term forecast data reveals a robust dipole of high‐level and low‐level cloud‐incidence anomalies during a positive NAO, with increased high‐level cloud incidence along the storm track (near 45°N) and the subpolar Atlantic, and decreased high‐level cloud incidence poleward and equatorward of this track. Opposite changes occur for low‐level cloud incidence. The cloud anomalies lead to an anomalous column‐mean heating from ACRE over the region of the Iceland low, and to a cooling over the region of the Azores high. To quantify the impact of the ACRE anomalies on the NAO, and to thereby test the hypothesis of a cloud‐radiative feedback on the NAO persistence, we apply the surface pressure tendency equation for ERA‐Interim short‐term forecast data. The NAO‐generated ACRE anomalies amplify the NAO‐related surface pressure anomalies over the Azores high but have no area‐averaged impact on the Iceland low. In contrast, diabatic processes as a whole, including latent heating and clear‐sky radiation, strongly amplify the NAO‐related surface pressure anomalies over both the Azores high and the Iceland low, and their impact is much more spatially coherent. This suggests that, while atmospheric cloud‐radiative effects lead to an increase in NAO persistence on synoptic time‐scales, their impact is relatively minor and much smaller than other diabatic processes.
Cover Image, Volume 7, Issue 2
Authors: Chen Zuyu , Zhang Qiang , Chen Shujing , Wang Lin , Zhou Xingbo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe cover image is based on the Focus Article Evaluation of barrier lake breach floods: Insights from recent case studies in China, by Zuyu Chen, Qiang Zhang, Shujing Chen, Lin Wang, and Xingbo Zhou. https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1408
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Degradation of azo dye Acid Red 14 (AR14) from aqueous solution using H2O2/nZVI and S2O82–/nZVI processes in the presence of UV irradiation
Authors: Samarghandi Mohammad Reza , Dargahi Abdollah , Zolghadr Nasab Hasan , Ghahramani Esmail , Salehi Sohrab 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAzo dyes are mostly toxic and carcinogenic and cause harm to humans and the environment. This study was conducted to investigate the degradation of azo dye acid red 14 (AR14) from aqueous solution using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)/nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) and persulfate (S2O82–)/nZVI processes in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. This experimental study was carried out in a laboratory‐scale batch photoreactor with a useful volume of 1 L. The nZVI was synthesized by the sodium borohydride (NaBH4) reduction method. In these processes, the effects of parameters including initial pH, H2O2 concentration, S2O82– concentration, nZVI dose, concentration of AR14 dye, and reaction time were studied. The results showed that decolorization increased by increasing the nZVI dosage, H2O2 and S2O42‐ concentrations, and reaction time, or decreasing dye concentration and pH. However, a too high oxidant concentration (H2O2 and S2O42‐) could inhibit the degradation. The experimental conditions for degradation of AR14 by UV/S2O82‐/nZVI and UV/H2O2/nZVI processes were as follows: [H2O2] = 10 mM, [S2O82–] = 8 mM, AB14 dye = 100 mg/L, pH = 3, and nZVI dose = 0.05 g. Under these conditions, the highest removal efficiencies of AR14, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total organic carbon (TOC) for the UV/S2O82–/nZVI process were 93.94%, 86.5%, and 81.6%, respectively, while these values were 89.3%, 79.57%, and 72.9% for the UV/H2O2/nZVI, respectively. Also, the average oxidation state (AOS) was decreased from 2.93 to 2.14 in the effluent of the UV/S2O82–/nZVI process and from 2.93 to 2.2 for the UV/H2O2/nZVI process. The results showed that the ratio of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) to COD in the effluents of the UV/S2O82/nZVI and UV/H2O2/nZVI processes after 90 min was 0.63 and 0.74, respectively. These findings suggest biodegradability improvement.Practitioner points

Photocatalytic degradation of azo dye Acid Red 14 (AR14) was achieved using H2O2/nZVI and S2O82–/nZVI processes in the presence of UV irradiation.

Effects of operating parameters on photocatalytic degradation AR14 dye were evaluated in the UV/H2O2/nZVI and UV/S2O82–/nZVI processes.

Biodegradability and mineralization studies of AR14 dye photocatalytic degradation were performed for the UV/H2O2/nZVI and UV/S2O82–/nZVI processes.
Why and how to investigate the role of protein phosphorylation in ZIP and ZnT zinc transporter activity and regulation
Authors: Thingholm T. E. , Rönnstrand L. , Rosenberg P. A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractZinc is required for the regulation of proliferation, metabolism, and cell signaling. It is an intracellular second messenger, and the cellular level of ionic, mobile zinc is strictly controlled by zinc transporters. In mammals, zinc homeostasis is primarily regulated by ZIP and ZnT zinc transporters. The importance of these transporters is underscored by the list of diseases resulting from changes in transporter expression and activity. However, despite numerous structural studies of the transporters revealing both zinc binding sites and motifs important for transporter function, the exact molecular mechanisms regulating ZIP and ZnT activities are still not clear. For example, protein phosphorylation was found to regulate ZIP7 activity resulting in the release of Zn2+ from intracellular stores leading to phosphorylation of tyrosine kinases and activation of signaling pathways. In addition, sequence analyses predict all 24 human zinc transporters to be phosphorylated suggesting that protein phosphorylation is important for regulation of transporter function. This review describes how zinc transporters are implicated in a number of important human diseases. It summarizes the current knowledge regarding ZIP and ZnT transporter structures and points to how protein phosphorylation seems to be important for the regulation of zinc transporter activity. The review addresses the need to investigate the role of protein phosphorylation in zinc transporter function and regulation, and argues for a pressing need to introduce quantitative phosphoproteomics to specifically target zinc transporters and proteins involved in zinc signaling. Finally, different quantitative phosphoproteomic strategies are suggested.
Kostenanalyse stationärer und ambulanter intravenöser Antibiotikatherapie periprothetischer Gelenkinfektionen
Authors: Boese Christoph Kolja , Lechler Philipp , Frink Michael , Hackl Michael , Eysel Peer , Ries Christian 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die parenterale Antibiotikagabe im Rahmen der Therapie von periprothetischen Infektionen erfordert in der Regel eine stationäre Behandlung und geht mit hohen Kosten einher.

Fragestellung
Es wurden tatsächliche stationäre Behandlungskosten („inpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy“ [IPAT]) mit simulierten Kosten einer ambulanten Behandlung („outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy“ [OPAT]) von Patienten mit periprothetischen Gelenkinfektionen verglichen. Die Auswertung erfolgte aus Perspektive der Kostenträger (gesetzliche Krankenversicherung [GKV]) und Leistungserbringer (Krankenhäuser).

Material und Methoden
Die Analyse und Simulation erfolgten auf Grundlage einer ICD-10 (Internationale statistische Klassifikation der Krankheiten und verwandter Gesundheitsprobleme, 10. Revision) für das Behandlungsjahr 2015 mit der Diagnose T84.

Ergebnisse
Die simulierte Reduktion von 159 Bettentagen bei den in die Studie eingeschlossenen 12 Patienten erbrachte aus Sicht der Kostenträger eine Reduktion der Gesamtkosten um >18.000 €. Aus Perspektive der Leistungserbringer verbesserte sich der Reinerlös um >22.000 €. Die Gesamtkosten der OPAT für den Kostenträger beliefen sich auf >57.000 €. Für den Leistungserbringer zeigte sich in der Differenz von Poliklinikerlös und -kosten der OPAT ein Verlust von >1500 €.

Diskussion
Die OPAT ist für Leistungserbringer insgesamt finanziell vorteilhaft. Weitere Vorteile durch Opportunitätskosten erscheinen interessant. Für den Kostenträger ist die OPAT insbesondere durch die ambulanten Medikamentenkosten mit einem finanziellen Mehraufwand verbunden. Der niedergelassene Sektor sollte durch die anzunehmende Mehrbelastung ebenso wie der anzunehmende Patientenkomfort bedacht werden.
Intracellular osmoprotectant concentrations determine Propionibacterium freudenreichii survival during drying
Authors: Gaucher Floriane , Rabah Houem , Kponouglo Koffigan , Bonnassie Sylvie , Pottier Sandrine , Dolivet Anne , Marchand Pierre , Jeantet Romain , Blanc Philippe , Jan Gwénaël 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPropionibacterium freudenreichii is a beneficial bacterium widely used in food as a probiotic and as a cheese-ripening starter. In these different applications, it is produced, dried, and stored before being used. Both freeze-drying and spray-drying were considered for this purpose. Freeze-drying is a discontinuous process that is energy-consuming but that allows high cell survival. Spray-drying is a continuous process that is more energy-efficient but that can lead to massive bacterial death related to heat, osmotic, and oxidative stresses. We have shown that P. freudenreichii cultivated in hyperconcentrated rich media can be spray-dried with limited bacterial death. However, the general stress tolerance conferred by this hyperosmotic constraint remained a black box. In this study, we modulated P. freudenreichii growth conditions and monitored both osmoprotectant accumulation and stress tolerance acquisition. Changing the ratio between the carbohydrates provided and non-protein nitrogen during growth under osmotic constraint modulated osmoprotectant accumulation. This, in turn, was correlated with P. freudenreichii tolerance towards different stresses, on the one hand, and towards freeze-drying and spray-drying, on the other. Surprisingly, trehalose accumulation correlated with spray-drying survival and glycine betaine accumulation with freeze-drying. This first report showing the ability to modulate the trehalose/GB ratio in osmoprotectants accumulated by a probiotic bacterium opens new perspectives for the optimization of probiotics production.
Oxytocin attenuates neural response to emotional faces in social drinkers: an fMRI study
Authors: Bach Patrick , Koopmann Anne , Bumb Jan Malte , Zimmermann Sina , Bühler Sina , Reinhard Iris , Witt Stephanie H. , Rietschel Marcella , Vollstädt-Klein Sabine , Kiefer Falk 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionOxytocin is a key mediator of emotional and social behavior that seems to be of relevance for the development and maintenance of addictive behaviors. We thus investigated the effect of oxytocin on neural response and behavior during a face-matching task in a sample of social drinkers.MethodsThirteen social drinkers underwent a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over functional magnetic resonance imaging face-matching task with and without prior intranasal application of 24 international units oxytocin. Effects of oxytocin and task condition (faces, shapes) on brain activation and individual task performance were assessed.ResultsFace-matching compared to shape-matching trials resulted in higher brain activation in the bilateral amygdala, hippocampus and parts of the occipital gyri. Oxytocin application vs. placebo reduced activation in bilateral amygdala, parts of the frontal gyri, and the parietal lobe. Region of interest analyses indicated that the oxytocin-induced attenuation of amygdala response was specific to face-stimuli and associated with lower subjective alcohol craving, and a lower percentage of heavy-drinking days (defined as ≥ 5 standard drinks/day).ConclusionFor the first time, we could show that a larger oxytocin-induced attenuation of amygdala response to fearful faces is associated with lower subjective craving for alcohol and percentage of heavy drinking days in social drinkers. Modulation of amygdala activation, induced by emotional stimuli, might represent a neurobiological substrate of oxytocin’s protective effects on drug seeking behavior.
Factors affecting admixed pedunculate oak growth under heavy browsing by deer: benefits from inter- and intraspecific neighbourhoods
Authors: Dobrowolska Dorota , Załuski Dariusz , Dąbrowski Wojciech , Banul Rafał , Borkowski Jakub 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOne of the most important ecosystem processes, especially in temperate and boreal forests, is herbivore browsing. In this study, we tested five hypotheses: (H1) oak tree density would positively affect their height; (H2) despite severe browsing pressure, the height of oaks would increase with the age after planting; (H3) oaks growing among the planted pines would be taller than those among the sown ones; (H4) the growth of single oak saplings or of oak nests would be positively affected by the height of the pines growing in the immediate neighbourhood of the oaks; and (H5) the oak height would be affected by the location within a nest and oaks growing in the central zone would be taller than the others. The study was conducted in the Piska Forest in the north-eastern part of Poland. We established three variants of experiment. In the first variant, oaks were planted individually. In the second and third variants, oaks were planted in small nests. The second and third variants differed in the spacing of the nests: 8 × 8 m and 6 × 6 m, respectively. The division into the sub-variants referred to type of pine regeneration. In the first sub-variant, Scots pine was planted. In the second, pine was sown. In general, oaks growing within nests were significantly taller than those planted individually in the Scots pine rows. Despite heavy browsing, oak height consistently increased during the course of the study. Oak height also depended on the type of pine regeneration, and the mean height of oaks surrounded by planted pines was significantly higher than that of oaks surrounded by sown pines (which, in average, was shorter). That was because the planted pines were taller than the sown ones. We found that Spearman’s correlation coefficients were positive and significant between pine and oak heights in variants 2 and 3. Growth of oaks did not depend on their location within a nest. The results of the regeneration method of oak (single vs nest and few vs many nests) are modified by browsing. The best method found in the heavy browsing circumstances was planting oaks in many nests within successful pine regeneration (providing the oaks with protection against the browsing). The pine will provide the most efficient protection if regenerated a few years before the oaks.
Conditional non-expected utility preferences induced by mixture of lotteries: a note on the normative invalidity of expected utility theory
Authors: Geiger Gebhard 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis research note is concerned with static choices between alternative mixtures of lotteries with one common mixture component and identical mixture weights. It is shown that the common component induces a conditional preference relation on the underlying lottery space with given (unconditional) preference structure. Induced preferences of this type arise in the comparisons with which the independence axiom of expected utility theory is specifically concerned. Given a few obvious properties of the induced preferences, two basic results are obtained: first, the conditionalisation operation is an order-preserving isomorphism, and, secondly, if the conditional preferences satisfy stochastic dominance preference, they necessarily violate the independence axiom. Together, the two results preclude any possibility of postulating independence consistently for static decision making under risk. The independence axiom is thus generally invalid as a normative principle of rational risky choice.
Compulsive Buying in Poland. An Empirical Study of People Married or in a Stable Relationship
Authors: Adamczyk G. , Capetillo-Ponce J. , Szczygielski D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe present study examines the phenomenon of compensative and compulsive buying in a developing consumer society such as Poland. Firstly, the obtained empirical data make it possible to estimate the prevalence of compensative and compulsive buying among Poles married or in stable relationships. Secondly, the conducted analysis shows to what extent the prevalence is differentiated by individual (self-esteem), cultural (materialism), and sociodemographic conditions (gender, age). The findings come from a survey conducted in 2017 based on a nationwide statistically representative sample of 1,121 Poles married or in a stable relationship aged 18 years old and over. Drawing on this survey based on the German Compulsive Buying Indicator (GCBI), the prevalence of compulsive buying is observed at about 3%. Like in other countries, it turns out that gender, age, self-esteem, and materialism differentiate the extent of susceptibility to compensative and compulsive buying in Poland, too. The direction of the correlations is coherent with the findings in other countries.