bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economics of Dairy Cow Feed Risk Management Strategies and Policy Analysis
Authors: Ishag Kheiry Hassan M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background : Oman traditional dairy sector recorded cow population of 382k cows required about 872k tons of Dry Mater feed per year. The raw milk production of traditional sector is low due to un-availability of formal marketing channels facilities and limited sources of local feedstuffs. The poor animal nutrition in study area caused by multiple factors associated with lack of adequate quantity and quality of feed available. The pastureland in Dhofar Region are severely degraded due to over-grazing and lack of appropriate grazing and feed management. This situation not only cause financial losses but have social, environmental and animal welfare consequences.Result : The stochastic budgeting models examined three dairy cow feed strategies and found existing livestock farming system and feeding cows with Rhodes Grass hay and concentrate with low yield of 10 Liter, 8 liters and 6 Liters milk production per day obtain the lowest net return with high probability of negative Net Returns (NRs) of 28.86%, 44.29% and 54.11% respectively. The risk premium price of RO 0.223 per liter is required to be paid to convince farmers to switch from low milk production of 6 Liters/day to a higher milk production of 10 Liters/day and reduce negative NRs risk within current feed management strategy. The Government support program are needed to facilitate formal market channels and risk premium of RO 0.297 per liter is calculated as amount of money to be paid to farmer to compensate facing risk of un availability of market access promotion facilities and compensate farmers to switch from 6 liters to 12 liters milk production level per day and feed cow with risk efficient feed strategy with Maize silage, Rhodes grass and concentrate. Conclusion : The economics, risk efficient feed management are examined and result shows feeding cow with Alfalfa forage is good strategy for high milk production cows and reduce feeding cost at low milk production level. Feeding Maize Silage and Rhodes Grass hay and concentrate is risk efficient and mitigate and manage risk at downside level if forage quality and reasonable price are maintained to livestock farmers. The formal marketing access support and improve feed risk management strategies will enhance farmers’ income, rural development and achieve environmental and economic sustainability.
WITHDRAWN: Effect of Xiaoning Liquid on Gut Microbiota in Asthmatic Mice by 16s RDNA High - Throughput Sequencing
Authors: He Yuanyuan , Luo Yating , Huang Qinwan , Zhou Hongyun , Qian Ming , Guan Zhiwei , Liu Qianwei , Zhao Qiong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the effects of Xiaoning liquid on gut microbiota in mouse during asthma.Methods: A total of 60 mice were randomly and averagely assigned to healthy control group, control group, budesonide group, and Xiaoning liquid group. The later three groups were used to establish an Ovalbumin (OVA) asthma model. The intestinal bacterial communities were compared among groups using 16S rRNA gene amplification. Analyzing the structure of gut microbiota with OTU analysis, Shannon–Wiener, PCA, PCOA, etc. 16s rDNA high- throughput sequencing. Results: The abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota in asthmatic mice increased, most obviously in the control group. The Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes levels increased in all asthmatic mice. The level of Bacteroides increased most obviously, making Bacteroides a useful marker of gut microbiota changes in asthmatic mice. The levels of Proteobacterium, Deferribacteraceae and Mucispirillum dropped significantly in the Xiaoning liquid group. Conclusions: Xiaoning liquid can reduce the species and numbers of pathogenic bacteria and restored the intestinal microecology of asthmatic mice. Xiaoning liquid has a positive effect on the function of gut microbiota.
A new method to calculate the instant case fatality rate of COVID-19 in Wuhan and Hubei of China
Authors: Cao Lei , Huang Ting-ting , Zhang Jun-xia , Qin Qi , Liu Si-yu , Xue Hui-min , Gong Ya-xin , Ning Chang-hua , Shen Xiao-tong , Yang Jia-xin , Mi Yan-ni , Xiao Xue , Cao Yong-xiao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The worst-hit area of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China was Wuhan City and its affiliated Hubei Province, where the outbreak has been well controlled. The case fatality rate (CFR) is the most direct indicator to evaluate the hazards of an infectious disease. However, most reported CFR on COVID-19 represent a large deviation from reality. We aimed to establish a more accurate way to estimate the CFR of COVID-19 in Wuhan and Hubei and compare it to the reality. The daily case notification data of COVID-19 from December 8, 2019, to May 1, 2020, in Wuhan and Hubei were collected from the bulletin of the Chinese authorities. The instant CFR of COVID-19 was calculated from the numbers of deaths and the number of cured cases, the two numbers occurred on the same estimated diagnosis dates. The instant CFR of COVID-19 was 1.3%-9.4% in Wuhan and 1.2%-7.4% in Hubei from January 1 to May 1, 2020. It has stabilized at 7.69% in Wuhan and 6.62% in Hubei since early April. The cure rate was between 90.1% and 98.8% and finally stabilized at 92.3% in Wuhan and stabilized at 93.5% in Hubei. The mortality rates were 34.5/100 000 in Wuhan and 7.61/100 000 in Hubei. In conclusion, this approach reveals a way to accurately calculate the CFR, which may provide a basis for the prevention and control of infectious diseases.
Prolonged Apnea After Ect In Organophosphorus Poisoning – The Need To Redefine Norms
Authors: Sasidharan Shibu , Dhillon Harpreet 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background:Organophosphorous (OP) compounds act by irreversibly binding to pseudocholinesterase enzyme and hence prolong the apnea in patients being given suxamethonium. We present a case in which prolonged apnea ensued in a patient of severe depression following ECT in which suxamethonium was used as muscle relaxant, in whom we were cautious of the effect of organophosphorus poisoning.Case Presentation 53/F patient consumed OP 38 days prior to ECT. Since existing literature recommend a delay of 4 weeks and a subminimal dose of suxamethonium to prevent prolonged apnea, both these points were taken into consideration. Despite 38 days post exposure to OP, and a dose of succinylcholine of <0.3mg/kg, the patient remained apneic for 3 hours. Subsequently her pseudocholinesterase levels were also found to be very low.Conclusion This case is being presented to emphasize that behaviour of post synaptic receptors cannot be relied upon after OP poisoning and pseudocholinesterase levels needs to be mandatorily checked, irrespective of duration post-exposure.
Severe Community-acquired Pneumonia Caused by Type 7 Human Adenovirus in Immuno competent Adults
Authors: Gu Qin , Xu Ying , Shao Ran Ming , Liu Ning , Dong Jiang Dan , Tang Jian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) caused by human adenovirus type 7 (HAdV-7) in immunocompetent adults has been of increasing concern recently. Clinical understanding of SCAP caused by HAdV-7 in adults remains limited, though the pathogen has been adequately identified by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS).
Methods

We conducted a retrospective review of all patients with SCAP caused by HAdV-7 in immunocompetent adults admitted to Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Nanjing, China, between July 2017 and April 2020. Clinical manifestation, laboratory findings, serial radiological characteristics, mNGS results, treatments and outcomes of these patients were collected and analyzed.
Results

A total of 7 SCAP patients with confirmed HAdV-7 infections were included. All patients were positive for HAdV-7 DNA fragments by mNGS for BALF and blood specimens. The median of the identified reads of two groups were 2783 and 1038, and the median coverage rates were 99.3% and 97.7%, respectively. All the patients were male and the median age was 23 years. High fever (100%), cough (57.14%) and dyspnea (100%) were the most frequent symptoms at admission. Laboratory data showed slightly decreased leucocytes but high procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels. At early stage, with median 5 days from onset of illness, consolidation (85.71%) and patchy ground-glass opacity (GGOs) (85.71%) in unilateral lung were the most common findings in severe HAdV CAP. Within median 8 days after illness onset into progressive stage, consolidation developed and was the predominant finding in all patients, and 6 patients (85.71%) showed bilateral consolidations. In convalescent stage with median 18 days after illness onset, the parenchymal abnormalities began to absorb.
Conclusions

MNGS of blood or BALF could identify HAdV-7 infection accurately. Doctors should be aware of SCAP caused by HAdV-7 infection and perform mNGS as soon as possible when patients had persistent high fever, cough,decreased WBC༌high C-reactive protein and consolidation and GGO in unilateral or bilateral lungs shown by chest CT scan.
Evaluation of Association of LOC105371267 Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Susceptibility
Authors: Liu Xiaoli , Li Dandan , He Chunjuan , Peng Linna , Xing Shishi , Wang Yuhe , He Yongjun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: LOC105371267 (also known as PR-lncRNA1) was reported to be a p53-regulated lncRNA, which played essential roles in the pathogenesis of breast cancer (BC). We aimed to investigate the potential associations between LOC105371267 polymorphisms and BC risk. Method: Totally, 555 healthy individuals and 561 BC patients were recruited. Five candidate SNPs of LOC105371267 were genotyped with Agena MassARRAY system. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to evaluate the relationship of LOC105371267 with BC susceptibility. Additionally, stratification analyses based on clinical features and haplotype analysis were also conducted. Results: A decreased BC risk was observed rs3931698 GG genotype (OR = 0.30, P = 0.018) and recessive genetic model (OR = 0.30, P = 0.021). Stratified analysis with age also revealed that this SNP was associated with a lower risk at age < 52 years. Meanwhile, multiple clinical characteristics, including ER and PR status and stage were all correlated with SNPs rs6499221, rs3931698, rs3852740 and rs8044565.Conclusion: Four LOC105371267 SNPs (rs6499221, rs3931698, rs8044565 and rs3852740) were found to be correlated with development of BC. Additionally, ER, PR, and stage were also linked to LOC105371267 polymorphisms, providing novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for of BC management.
Identification of the Expression Signature and Potential Mechanisms of miR-493-3p in NSCLC using Bioinformatics Strategy: A Comprehensive Study from TCGA and GEO Datasets
Authors: zou hongbo , Zou Hong , Luo Mao , Xie Qichao , Zhong Lijun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Recent evidence highlights that miR-493-3p serve as crucial regulators of tumorigenesis. Nevertheless, the expression and clinical roles of miR-493-3p has been rarely reported in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Thus, this study was aim to investigate the expression status and potential mechanism of miR-493-3p in NSCLC progression.
Methods

We initially examined the expression of miR-493-3p in NSCLC through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarrays. The overlap of the conjecture miR-493-3p target genes and down-regulated genes in NSCLC from TCGA were identified as the possible miR-493-3p target genes. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were constructed to explore the biological function and hub genes of miR-493-3p targets. The expression pattern and prognosis value of key hub genes were examined by Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database, The Human Protein Atlas and Kaplan- Meier Plotter database.
Results

miR-493-3p was significantly increased in NSCLC tissues and connected with tumor stage in TCGA and GEO database. A total of 46 genes were identified as miR-493-3p targets, and those involved in various key pathways by GO and KEGG analysis. Furthermore, PH domain and leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase 2 (PHLPP2) was indicated of miR-493-3p key targets, which low-expressed in NSCLC and predicted better overall survival.
Conclusions

Our study emphasized that up-regulated miR-493-3p may target PHLLP2 and predicate worse prognosis of NSCLC patients.
Development of a Systematic Framework for Cultural Adaptation and Contextualization of Evidence-Based Psychological Interventions
Authors: Sangraula Manaswi , Kohrt Brandon A. , Ghimire Renasha , Shrestha Pragya , Luitel Nagendra P. , Hof Edith Van't , Dawson Katie , Jord Mark JD 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Innovative interventions to address mental health needs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have increased. Before implementation, it is important to culturally adapt these interventions. There is a pressing need for a systematic approach that is feasible in settings with resource constraints, to guide not only content modification but also implementation elements to inform scalability and quality assurance. We harmonized existing guidance in cultural adaptation to develop a transparent framework for rapid and systematic cultural adaptations. We piloted this approach in Nepal for Group Problem Management Plus (PM+), a trans-diagnostic, task sharing intervention, for adults with psychological distress in humanitarian settings.
Methods

Building upon the ecological validity model, a 10-step process was used to adapt the Group PM + intervention in preparation for a feasibility trial in Nepal. A process evaluation was conducted after the trial to gather feedback on the adaptations. Detailed documentation tools were used to ensure rigor during the adaptation process.
Findings

The complete adaptation included a 10-step process; 1) Identify mechanisms of action, 2) Conduct a literature desk review for the culture and context, 3) Conduct a Training of Trainers (ToT), 4) Translate intervention materials, 5) Conduct an expert read-through of the materials, 6) Qualitative assessment of intervention population and site, 7) Conduct practice rounds, 8) Conduct an adaptation workshop with experts and implementers, 9) Pilot test the training, supervision, and implementation, and 10) Review through process evaluation. An iterative process with rapid modification of content and procedures was necessary. For Group PM+, key adaptations were harmonizing the mechanisms of action with cultural models of distress; modification of recruitment procedures to assure fit between cultural models of distress and population; and development of a skills checklist to monitor facilitator engagement with mechanisms of action.
Conclusion

A 10-step cultural adaptation process could feasibly be implemented in a humanitarian setting to rapidly prepare a psychological intervention for widespread implementation. Having a standard systematic approach will help develop a body of literature and lessons to facilitate the process for greater cultural appropriateness and effectiveness of psychological interventions worldwide.
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study of a Sediment Sampler Sampling Based on VOF Method
Authors: He Shudong , Peng YouDuo , Jin Yongping , Wan Buyan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper takes the full-ocean-depth sampling device of the mechanical hand-held sampler as the research object, simulates the soft viscous sediment as non-Newtonian Herschel Bulkley viscoplastic fluid, uses the finite volume method and applies the computational fluid mechanics software Fluent to establish the sediment sampling model.VOF method is used to track multiphase flow interface. The effects of the sampling speed, diameter of the sampling tube, drainage discharge and sediment dynamic viscosity on coring rate and sampling volume are studied. The results show that the sampling volume is negatively correlated with those influencing factors. However, the coring rate decreases with the increase of sampling speed, drainage area ratio at inlet and outlet, and dynamic viscosity of sediment. The coring rate first increases and then decreases with the increase of the diameter of the sampling tube, and the peak value is related to the sampling speed and tube diameter. Then, based on the analysis of the numerical simulation results, a sampling simulation experimental platform is built and the sampling experiment is carried out. It can be concluded that the simulation results tally with the experimental results, with the maximum error being only -4.6%, which further verifies the correctness of the numerical model.
Dark Energy is a Phenomenal Effect of the Expanding Universe-Possibility for Experimental Verification.
Authors: Kodukula Siva Prasad 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Vacuum energy density has been defined and mass formation from ‘space-time’ has been viewed in a different perspective. This explanation for vacuum energy is based on ‘space-time’ and conversion of space in to time keeping ‘space-time density’ as constant. Equations for ‘space-time’ and mutual conversion of space and time have been derived. As a result, new concept of mass creation has been explained. By postulating that space time density of universe is constant, low and high values of cosmological constants has been shown as the exchange of energy between space, time and energy. The concept has been used to explain dark energy concept of the universe. It concluded a result that velocity of light is changing with the apparent expansion of the universe. The derived equation is possible for experimental verification. Obviously it is a contradiction to Big bang model. So the derived equation with the help of quantum concepts explained the 2.7o K cosmic micro wave background radiation. Finally it proposed a relation between diameter of hydrogen atom and Hubble’s constant with another postulate that gives importance to the existence of positive and negative charges below atomic level that describe the basic facts of quantum physics.
Effect of Periarticular Injections of Triamcinolone Acetonide During Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty in the Perioperative Period: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Gao He , Zhai Yaling , Yue Ju’an , Guo Xiaozhong , Wang Randong , Li Bing , Sun Qiang , Liu Wangyan , Chen Jiao , Li Yingnan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a minimally invasive procedure that preserves most knee tissue, but can also cause moderate-to-severe pain. We investigated if triamcinolone acetonide (TA) addition to a “cocktail” of agents in a periarticular injection could reduce postoperative pain and the inflammatory response, and promote rapid recovery after UKA.Methods: This was a prospective randomized clinical trial undertaken from March 2018 to October 2019. Patients were divided randomly into a control group (A) and TA group (B). In group A, a 50-mL cocktail lacking TA was injected in tissue around the joint cavity. In group B, a 50-mL cocktail containing TA was injected. Primary-outcome measurements were the visual analog pain score upon rest (VASR) and exercise (VASE), morphine consumption, range of motion (RoM), level of C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in venous blood at different times. Complications were also monitored.Results: Forty-five patients in group A and 46 patients in group B were assessed. At 6, 12 and 24 h postoperatively, VASR in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (P<0.05). At 6 and 12 h postoperatively, VASE in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (P<0.05). Morphine consumption in group A was significantly higher than that in group B at 0–24 h (P<0.05) and 0–48 h (P<0.05) after surgery. At postoperative day (POD)1–3, the RoM in group B was significantly higher than that in group A (P<0.05). There was a significant decrease in CRP level in group B vs. group A on POD1 (P<0.05) and POD3 (P<0.05). The ESR of group B was significantly lower than that of group B on POD3 (P<0.05) and POD5 (P<0.05). No serious complications occurred in either group.Conclusion: TA addition to a cocktail of agents for periarticular injection effectively relieved pain, improved knee-joint function, reduced the inflammatory response, did not increase risk of complications, and promoted rapid recovery after UKA.
A Retrospective Review of Bone Health Screening of at-risk Children and Adolescents: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Fu Chun-cheung Antony , Luk Wing Hang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Bone health surveillance that includes laboratory tests and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for patients with conditions that predispose them to a higher risk of osteoporosis is recommended. This study aimed to review current practice of such surveillance in a local tertiary referral centre. Methods Retrospective review of clinical data of patients who underwent DXA from 2013 to 2017 inclusive. Laboratory test results and presence of osteoporotic risk which was defined as bone mineral density (BMD) Z-score -2 SD or less were documented.Results This review consisted of 112 patients, 58 boys and age ranged from 1.1 to 20.3 years. Most referrals for DXA came from the subspecialty of nephrology (56.3%). Vitamin D status was rarely evaluated in this cohort of patients, only 17.9% of subjects had their vitamin D level checked. Overall, osteoporotic risk was demonstrated in 37% of the subjects. Thalassaemia, other haematological diseases like chronic ITP, osteogenesis imperfecta and inflammatory bowel disease accounted for majority of cases with high risk of osteoporosis.Conclusion DXA is underutilized in this center. Bone health surveillance and protection should be strengthened.
Identifying chemicals linked to lung cancer: Integrating genome-wide association studies with a chemical-gene interaction network
Authors: Lei Yutiantian , Tang Hanmin , Gong Liuyun , Luo Zhenzhen , Tan Xinyue , Xie Lina , He Chenchen , Ma Jinlu , Han Suxia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Lung cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Environmental chemicals play a significant role in tumorigenesis, it is necessary to explore the lung cancer-related chemicals and provide new clues for neoplastic prevention and treatment.
Methods

The genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data of malignant neoplasm of bronchus and lung (C34) were downloaded from the UK Biobank. It includes 1,655 samples and 450,609 controls. DNA methylation profiles of non-small cell lung cancer were obtained from the GEO database (GSE75008). A transcriptome-wide association study was applied to detect genes significantly related to lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) by FUSION software. Comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD) enables the construction of chemical-gene-disease networks. We conducted a chemical-related gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) based on GWAS summary data, DNA methylation data, and the CTD to explore the relationships between chemicals and two major histological subtypes of lung cancer. Venn analysis was used to identify the common related chemicals of the GWAS summary data and the DNA methylation data.
Results

We detected aluminum, naringenin, and 2-acetylaminofluorene as LUSC-related chemicals and antirheumatic agents, nickel monoxide, and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol as LUAD-related chemicals.
Conclusion

By integrating GWAS and chemical-gene interaction networks, we made linkages between various chemicals and lung cancer on genetic basis. Moreover, this study provided new clues for exploring the etiology of lung cancer and a new method for finding the chemicals related to tumor or other complex disease.