bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A TECNOLOGIA BLOCKCHAIN COMO FERRAMENTA VIÁVEL PARA CADEIA DE CUSTÓDIA DE PROVAS DIGITAIS
Authors: Nora Heloísa Daniela , Obladen de Almendra Freitas Cinthia 
Published: December 2024

Os fatores no cenário da sociedade contemporânea se conectam no contexto de uma sociedade informacional, que altera a forma e a velocidade com que a mudança impacta os indivíduos. Nesse contexto frenético, está o Direito Penal, que tenta acompanhar as novas práticas delitivas que surgem com essa transformação, afetando inclusive as evidências deixadas nas cenas de crime, que demandam uma abordagem diferenciada em relação à cadeia de custódia. Diante desse cenário, percebe-se a necessidade de unir a tecnologia e o Direito para lidar de forma efetiva com a velocidade das transformações que ocorrem. O artigo tem como objetivo conceituar a prova digital, incorporá-la à cadeia de custódia e fazer a aplicação dos conceitos desenvolvidos na tecnologia Blockchain com a finalidade de responder à seguinte pergunta: a cadeia de custódia da prova digital pode ser realizada por meio da implementação da tecnologia Blockchain? Como hipótese, se estabeleceu que a tecnologia Blockchain se mostra como uma alternativa viável para a cadeia de custódia das provas digitais. Para alcançar seus resultados, adotou-se metodologia hipotético-dedutiva com revisão e levantamento bibliográfico. Os resultados demonstraram que as características da tecnologia Blockchain oferecem uma ferramenta viável para realizar o procedimento da cadeia de custódia de forma transparente..

PALAVRAS CHAVE: blockchain; cadeia de custódia; novas tecnologias; provas digitais; sociedade informacional.

ABSTRACT
The factors in the contemporary societal landscape connect within the context of an informational society, which alters how change impacts individuals in terms of both form and speed. Within this frenetic context lies Criminal Law, which seeks to keep pace with emerging criminal practices brought about by this transformation, affecting even the evidence left at crime scenes, necessitating a specialized approach to chain of custody. Considering this scenario, the need to merge technology and law to effectively manage the speed of these transformations becomes apparent. The article aims to conceptualize digital evidence, integrate it into chain of custody, and apply Blockchain technology to answer the question: can the chain of custody of digital evidence be achieved through the implementation of Blockchain technology? The hypothesis established is that Blockchain technology proves to be a viable alternative for the custody of digital evidence. To achieve its results, a hypothetico-deductive methodology was adopted, including literature review and data collection. The results demonstrated that the characteristics of Blockchain technology offer a viable tool for conducting chain of custody procedures transparently.

Keywords: blockchain; chain of custody; digital evidence; informational society; new technologies.
Added value potensi limbah pinus berbasis ekonomi hijau melalui sekolah hutan
Authors: Choiriyan Verjunnea Ali , Rahayu Tri Puji , Kurniasari Erika , Fatmawati Mirna , Nurbaitti Isnaini 
Published: December 2024

Hutan Pinus Sleker Asri terletak di Desa Gandusari, Kecamatan Bandongan, Magelang. Semenjak Covid-19 melanda, kondisi hutan menjadi tidak sebagus pada saat masih menjadi destinasi wisata. Hutan pinus ini memiliki potensi besar untuk meningkatkan perekonomian melalui pengelolaan yang baik, terencana, dan konsisten. Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi yaitu belum dimanfaatkannya limbah pinus secara optimal. Sekolah hutan merupakan salah satu program yang dilaksanakan oleh Tim PPK Ormawa UKM Pelita Universitas Tidar. Di dalam program terdapat kegiatan yaitu pemanfaatan dan pengolahan hasil limbah pinus di Hutan Sleker Asri menjadi kerajinan berupa buket dan hiasan dinding. Sasaran kegiatan ini ialah Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Permai Tani dan para remaja perempuan di Desa Gandusari dengan tujuan memberikan edukasi mengenai pengelolaan potensi hutan pinus berbasis ekonomi hijau. Metodologi yang digunakan menggunakan pendekatan PKM Participatory Action Research (PAR). Langkah pelaksanaan kegiatan yang dilakukan meliputi: pemetaan awal potensi hasil hutan; koordinasi dengan mitra; merumusakan permasalahan; penentuan agenda program kegiatan sebagai bentuk solusi permasalahan; pengorganisasian mitra atau masyarakat; pelaksanaan program dengan penyampaian pre-test dan post-test berkaitan dengan topik program, serta monitoring dan evaluasi program. Hasil dari program ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan masyarakat, dan nilai tambah dalam mengoptimalkan potensi hasil di Kawasan Hutan Pinus Sleker Asri.
The impact of Gender Diversity on Innovative Performance: Empirical Analysis in the Caribbean Region
Authors: Castillo Yury , Álvarez Isabel 
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the impact of gender diversity on the innovative performance of Caribbean firms, specifically analyzing women’s representation across three organizational areas: the overall workforce, management, and skilled production and non-production roles. The study used data from the Innovation, Firm Productivity, and Gender (IFPG) database, encompassing 1,979 firms across 13 Caribbean countries from 2017 to 2020. Probit models were employed for econometric analysis. The results confirm that diversity significantly enhances the likelihood of innovation, though the magnitude of its impact varies depending on women’s roles within firms. Gender diversity has stronger effects within the overall workforce and skilled production and non-production roles than within management teams. These findings suggest important managerial and policy implications for developing measures to reduce gender disparities in innovation.
The expanding role of 16s ribosomal RNA PCR in the management of patients with infective endocarditis undergoing cardiac surgery
Authors: Pavone Natalia , Cammertoni Federico , Calabrese Maria , Bruno Piergiorgio , Scoppettuolo Giancarlo , Lombardo Antonella , Giovannenze Francesca , Taddei Eleonora , Fiori Barbara , D’Inzeo Tiziana , Cutrone Gessica , Iannaccone Giulia , Del Zanna Niccolò , Massetti Massimo 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundAetiological diagnosis and targeted antibiotic therapy are essential to improve the prognosis of patients with infective endocarditis. Molecular tests on blood have been reported to be effective in identifying the causative organism and are recommended when blood cultures are negative. The role of molecular tests on the surgically excised valve is still unclear and needs further investigation.Materials and methodsIn this prospective, observational, single center study, we enrolled 100 consecutive patients with native or prosthetic valve endocarditis who underwent cardiac surgery between April 2020 and June 2023. Results of preoperative blood cultures, valve culture, 16s ribosomal RNA and histopathologic analysis of surgical samples were collected in a dedicated database.ResultsThe mean age of the study population was 60 ± 12.5 years, with a majority of men (73%). Previous cardiac surgery was reported in 31% of patients. Blood culture, valve culture, and 16srRNA were positive in 83%, 47%, and 76% of cases, respectively. The sensitivity of both valve culture and 16srRNA decreased significantly with prolonged preoperative antibiotic therapy. Of note, 16srRNA was the only positive result in 7% of cases, allowing aetiological diagnosis. In 33% of patients, the valve culture test was negative while the molecular test was positive. In these cases, histopathological analysis showed acute inflammation in most cases. In 10%, the molecular test helped in resolving discrepancies between the results of blood and valve cultures.ConclusionsThe molecular test showed significantly higher diagnostic sensitivity than valve culture and maintained this efficacy even after 28 days of preoperative antibiotic therapy. In addition to identifying the pathogen in 7% of cases with negative culture results, the molecular test demonstrated utility in other crucial situations. When valve cultures were negative, combining molecular testing and histopathological analysis they allowed the identification of patients who could benefit from prolonged antibiotic therapy. In addition, molecular testing guided the choice of antibiotic treatment when there was a discrepancy between blood culture and valve culture results. Based on these findings, molecular testing should be considered in all patients with infective endocarditis undergoing cardiac surgery.
Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier (NCT05791357).
Mid-term outcomes of atrioventricular valve repair in functional single ventricle patients
Authors: Jin Yong-Qiang , Wu Qing-Yu , Zhang Xiao-Ya , Fan Li-Xin , Zhang En-Rui , Xue Hui , Zhang Ming-Kui 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundSurgical treatment of functional single ventricle combined with atrioventricular valve regurgitation remains a clinical challenge. The outcomes of atrioventricular valve repair in patients with single ventricle are limited.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted of all 28 patients with functional single ventricle treated with single-ventricle palliation who underwent atrioventricular valve operation at the First Hospital of Tsinghua University between April 2007 and October 2022.ResultsIn our cohort, the female/male ratio was 7:21, with an average age of 8.7 ± 6.0 (0.75–26) years. Half of patients (50%) were right-ventricle type for single-ventricle morphology. 18 patients (64.3%) were with a common atrioventricular valve. Twenty-three patients (82.1%) were combined with heterotaxy syndrome. Pre-operatively, twenty-four patients (85.7%) were diagnosed with severe atrioventricular valve regurgitation. AVV was repaired at the Glenn (n = 16, 57.1%), Glenn-Fontan (n = 2, 7.1%) and Fontan (n = 10, 35.7%) stage, respectively. Valve plastic techniques included valve annulus/commissure constriction (n = 24), clefts repair (9 cases), edge-to-edge suturing (13 cases) and common atrioventricular valve separation (4 cases). The early mortality was 3.6% (1/28). All survival patients were observed with improved regurgitation situations. Twenty-two patients (78.5%) were observed with no more than mild regurgitation postoperatively. The mean follow-up time was 5.4 ± 2.9 years (range, 3.08–11.83 years), with late mortality of 11.1% (3/27). All these three cases were observed with a severe regurgitation by echocardiogram in the last follow-up. Besides, reoperation rate of this cohort was 3.6% (1/28).ConclusionsAVV repair could significantly improve AVV function in SV patients combined with severe AVVR, with satisfactory mid-term results. Part of the cohort showed poor prognosis due to repeated AVVR. Regular follow-up by echocardiogram is critically important for these patients.
Impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormone is associated with developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in euthyroid diabetic subjects
Authors: Zhang Xiaowen , Liu Jie , Wang Qian , Han Chen , Yan Yu , Xiang Xinyue , Shen Shanmei , Feng Wenhuan 
Published: December 2024

Background and aimsAcquired resistance to thyroid hormone appears to exist in the general population. We aimed to evaluate the association between indices of thyroid hormone sensitivity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and made stratified analyses by diabetic status.MethodsWe included 26,413 participants from a health screening program and 8,246 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes. Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI), thyroid stimulating hormone index (TSHI) and thyrotroph thyroxine resistance index (TT4RI) were calculated. Advanced fibrosis risk was determined using the FIB-4 score. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.ResultsTFQI was associated with an increased risk of NAFLD in patients with diabetes (fourth quartile vs. first quartile: odds ratio [OR]=1.39 and 1.82 in hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients, respectively, both P&lt;0.001) but not non-diabetic participants (OR=0.94, P=0.40). Further adjustment for the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance generated similar findings in diabetes (OR=1.27, P=0.025). The TFQI-associated NAFLD risk increase in diabetic patients was confined to NAFLD with low probability of advanced fibrosis (OR 1.42, P=0.001), but not those with intermediate-to-high probability (OR=0.86, P=0.23). Also, TFQI was associated with a significantly lower risk for advanced fibrosis in the diabetic at-risk patients (OR=0.62, P=0.005) but not those non-diabetic at-risk participants, independent of the presence of NAFLD. The association was less significant for TT4RI and TSHI.ConclusionsImpaired sensitivity to thyroid hormone was associated with an increased risk of developing NAFLD but a reduced risk of advanced fibrosis limited to diabetic individuals. Our findings suggest stratified studies of NAFLD based on diabetic status are needed in the future.
The association between type 1 diabetes mellitus and the risk of immunoglobulin A nephropathy: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Chun-Hua , Shen Yang , Zhao Su-Mei 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the potential causal relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) to deepen understanding of the association between these two conditions and to provide a scientific basis for future preventive and therapeutic strategies.MethodsThis study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) derived from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) as genetic instrumental variables (IVs), to assess the association between T1DM and IgAN. The analytical approaches included univariable and multivariable MR, along with sensitivity analyses such as Mendelian randomization-Egger (MR-Egger) and Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO), to evaluate the impact of heterogeneity and pleiotropy.ResultsUnivariable MR analysis using the IVW method revealed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.009 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.032–1.206] for the association between T1DM and IgAN. Adjusted results from multivariable MR analysis indicated a significant relationship between T1DM and increased risk of IgAN; for example, after adjusting for triglycerides (TG), the OR was 1.534 (CI: 1.213–1.543). After adjustment for HOMA-IR, the OR was 1.303 (CI: 1.149–1.198). Sensitivity analyses, including MR-Egger regression intercept testing (p = 0.476), suggested no pleiotropy, and MR-PRESSO did not detect any influence from outlier SNPs.ConclusionThe findings suggest that T1DM is a factor in increasing the risk of IgAN, enhancing our understanding of the potential relationship between T1DM and IgAN and providing possible biological pathways for future disease prevention and intervention.
Evaluating iron deposition in gray matter nuclei of patients with acute ischemic stroke using quantitative susceptibility mapping
Authors: Zhou Li , Yang Jie , Zhang Wei , Han Limei , Zhou Shenghai , Zheng Chunyan , Feng Hao , Zhong Jianquan 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesUnderstanding the microscopic pathophysiological mechanisms underlying acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is vital for facilitating early clinical diagnosis and intervention. In this study, we aimed to quantitatively assess brain iron changes in gray matter (GM) nuclei in patients with AIS via quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM).MethodsThirty-four patients with AIS and thirty age-and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included. QSM and conventional magnetic resonance imaging were performed. Intergroup differences in regional susceptibility values were calculated for the bilateral caudate nucleus (CN), globus pallidus (GP), putamen (PUT), red nucleus (RN), substantia nigra (SN), thalamus (THA), and dentate nucleus (DN). A receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to evaluate the classification and diagnostic performance of susceptibility values in distinguishing patients with AIS from HCs. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the impact of clinical variables on susceptibility values. Correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between regional iron variations and clinical scores. A paired t test was used to calculate the differences in susceptibility values between the bilateral hemispheres in the participants.ResultsCompared with the HCs, the patients with AIS had significantly increased susceptibility values in the bilateral CN and PUT (p &lt; 0.05, FDR correction). The highest diagnostic performance was observed in the combination of susceptibility values with differences between groups (AUC = 0.722). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that increased susceptibility in the right CN was significantly associated with smoking (p &lt; 0.05). The susceptibility values were not significantly correlated with the clinical scores (p &gt; 0.05), but age was positively correlated with the modified Rankin Scale scores at admission (p &lt; 0.05). The susceptibility values of the SN exhibited lateral asymmetry in patients with AIS.ConclusionThis study revealed increased iron concentrations in the GM nuclei of patients with AIS. Iron deposition in GM nuclei may be a potential biomarker for further understanding the pathophysiological mechanism underlying AIS.
The effectiveness of dry needling for plantar fasciitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Aiguo , Lin Rong , Xia Mingwei , Su Hao , He Ying 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of dry needling (DN) on pain and functional outcomes in patients with plantar fasciitis (PF).MethodsPubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, EBSCO, web of science, physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) were searched for randomized control trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of dry needling on plantar fasciitis. Article screening, data extraction and risk-of-bias evaluation were independently performed by two reviewers. Meta-analysis was conducted based on different control methods and assessment time using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 12 RCTs involving 781 patients were included in the systemic review and meta-analysis. The comparison of DN + routine treatments vs. routine treatments alone demonstrated that PF patients receiving DN have significantly lower scores in Visual Analog Scale / Numerical Pain Rating Scale (VAS/NPRS) [95%CI (−2.12, −1.76), p &lt; 0.0001], and the scores of Foot Function Index (FFI) [95%CI (−12.57, −3.58), p = 0.004]. In the comparison of DN vs. other treatments, results showed that DN significantly lowered the scores of FFI [95%CI (−6.55, −1.09), p = 0.006]. However, there was no significant difference in pain improvement between DN and other treatments [95%CI (−0.66, 0.06), p = 0.10]. In the meta-analysis based on different assessment time, results showed that there was significant difference in the scores of VAS/NPRS within 1 month, at 1 month and at over 1 month. But there was no significant difference in the scores of FFI within 1 month, while at 1 month and at over 1 month, the scores of FFI were lowered in patients receiving DN, and the difference were statistically significant.ConclusionDry needling is effective in relieving pain and restoring function in patients with plantar fasciitis. Furthermore, dry needling may take at least 1 month to take effects in patients with plantar fasciitis. More multi-center RCTs with high-quality, large sample size are needed to further conform our conclusion.
Radiomic and dosimetric parameter-based nomogram predicts radiation esophagitis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer undergoing combined immunotherapy and radiotherapy
Authors: Wang Kang , Zhao Junfeng , Duan Jinghao , Feng Changxing , Li Ying , Li Li , Yuan Shuanghu 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and radiotherapy (RT) may increase the risk of radiation esophagitis (RE). This study aimed to establish and validate a new nomogram to predict RE in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing immunochemotherapy followed by RT (ICI-RT).MethodsThe 102 eligible patients with NSCLC treated with ICI-RT were divided into training (n = 71) and validation (n = 31) cohorts. Clinicopathologic features, dosimetric parameters, inflammatory markers, and radiomic score (Rad-score) were included in the univariate logistic regression analysis, and factors with p &lt; 0.05 in the univariate analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Factors with significant predictive values were obtained and used for developing the nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve were used to validate the model.ResultsA total of 38 (37.3%) patients developed RE. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified the following independent predictors of RE: a maximum dose delivered to the esophagus &gt;58.4 Gy, a mean esophagus dose &gt;13.3 Gy, and the Rad-score. The AUCs of the nomogram in the training and validation cohorts were 0.918 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.824–1.000) and 0.833 (95% CI: 0.697–0.969), respectively, indicating good discrimination. The calibration curves showed good agreement between the predicted occurrence of RE and the actual observations. The decision curve showed a satisfactory positive net benefit at most threshold probabilities, suggesting a good clinical effect.ConclusionsWe developed and validated a nomogram based on imaging histological features and RT dosimetric parameters. This model can effectively predict the occurrence of RE in patients with NSCLC treated using ICI-RT.
A single-center experience of central nervous system tumors in children under three years old
Authors: Wang Junhua , Wang Chuanwei , Huang Zhimin , Zhang Zhihua , Zhang Yuqi 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThis study aims to summarize the characteristics of children under three years old (≤3 years) with central nervous system (CNS) tumors and to investigate the factors that influence their overall survival (OS) time.MethodsWe treated 171 pediatric patients (≤3 years) with CNS tumors at Yuquan Hospital of Tsinghua University from January 2016 to June 2023. Of these, 162 cases were successfully followed up. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox regression were utilized to evaluate factors potentially influencing OS of malignancies.ResultsThere was a male predominance among the patients. The three most common tumors were embryonal tumors, gliomas, and craniopharyngiomas. Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in select cases. Patients with high-grade malignancies were advised to undergo chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy after surgery. Optic gliomas and diffuse midline gliomas were partially resected and treated with adjuvant treatments. The median survival time of low-grade malignant tumors was 41.5 months, while that of high-grade malignant tumors was 15 months. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis identified the factors potentially influencing OS of malignancies: extent of resection, CNS WHO grade, grade of malignancies, and Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI). Subsequent multivariate analysis highlighted the interactive factor (extent of resection × CNS WHO grade) along with Ki-67 LI, as the most significant variables. Factors such as sex, age, tumor location, and onset-to-treatment time appeared not to affect OS.ConclusionsGTR remains the cornerstone of treatment for children (≤3 years) with CNS tumors, except for optic glioma, diffuse midline glioma, and germinoma. The interactive factor (extent of resection × CNS WHO grade) and Ki-67 LI are the most significant factors affecting OS. The implementation of preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy and early postoperative chemotherapy may enhance prognosis.