bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The “ins” and “outs” of product and services marketing: The influence of consonant wanderings in consumer decision‐making
Authors: Godinho Sandra , Garrido Margarida V. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe established preference for words featuring consonants ordered inward in the oral cavity—the in–out effect, may assist marketeers when naming new products and services. To investigate the conditions under which this effect may affect consumer preference we conducted four experiments (N = 818) examining the influence of consonant wanderings in the evaluation of different professionals and food products. While inward articulation direction selectively biased warmth judgments about workers who are perceived as relatively neutral on both warmth and competence, for professionals traditionally associated with either a warmth or a competence dimension inward‐wandering usernames systematically presented a competitive advantage. In the same way, hypothetical food products with inward‐wandering names were judged as more hedonic and more utilitarian. The present evidence supports the potential of the in–out effect to market products and services and highlights the relevance of exploiting this and other oral kinematics phenomena as an asset for managerial practice.
Conditional safety margins for less conservative peak local SAR assessment: A probabilistic approach
Authors: Meliadò Ettore Flavio , Sbrizzi Alessandro , van den Berg Cornelis A. T. , Steensma Bart R. , Luijten Peter R. , Raaijmakers Alexander J. E. 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe introduction of a linear safety factor to address peak local specific absorption rate (pSAR10g) uncertainties (eg, intersubject variation, modeling inaccuracies) bears one considerable drawback: It often results in over‐conservative scanning constraints. We present a more efficient approach to define a variable safety margin based on the conditional probability density function of the effectively obtained pSAR10g value, given the estimated pSAR10g value.MethodsThe conditional probability density function can be estimated from previously simulated data. A representative set of true and estimated pSAR10g samples was generated by means of our database of 23 subject‐specific models with an 8‐fractionated dipole array for prostate imaging at 7 T. The conditional probability density function was calculated for each possible estimated pSAR10g value and used to determine the corresponding safety margin with an arbitrary low probability of underestimation. This approach was applied to five state‐of‐the‐art local SAR estimation methods, namely: (1) using just the generic body model “Duke”; (2) using our model library to assess the maximum pSAR10g value over all models; (3) using the most representative “local SAR model”; (4) using the five most representative local SAR models; and (5) using a recently developed deep learning–based method.ResultsCompared with the more conventional safety factor, the conditional safety‐margin approach results in lower (up to 30%) mean overestimation for all investigated local SAR estimation methods.ConclusionThe proposed probabilistic approach for pSAR10g correction allows more accurate local SAR assessment with much lower overestimation, while a predefined level of underestimation is accepted (eg, 0.1%).
Parametrized reduced order modeling for cracked solids
Authors: Agathos Konstantinos , Bordas Stéphane P. A. , Chatzi Eleni 
Published: June 2020

SummaryA parametrized reduced order modeling methodology for cracked two dimensional solids is presented, where the parameters correspond to geometric properties of the crack, such as location and size. The method follows the offline‐online paradigm, where in the offline, training phase, solutions are obtained for a set of parameter values, corresponding to specific crack configurations and a basis for a lower dimensional solution space is created. Then in the online phase, this basis is used to obtain solutions for configurations that do not lie in the training set. The use of the same basis for different crack geometries is rendered possible by defining a reference configuration and employing mesh morphing to map the reference to different target configurations. To enable the application to complex geometries, a mesh morphing technique is introduced, based on inverse distance weighting, which increases computational efficiency and allows for special treatment of boundaries. Applications in linear elastic fracture mechanics are considered, with the extended finite element method being used to represent discontinuous and asymptotic fields.
HPV16 induces penile intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma in transgenic mice: first mouse model for HPV‐related penile cancer
Authors: Medeiros‐Fonseca Beatriz , Mestre Verónica F , Estêvão Diogo , Sánchez Diego F , Cañete‐Portillo Sofía , Fernández‐Nestosa María J , Casaca Fátima , Silva Sandra , Brito Haissa , Félix Ana , Medeiros Rui , Colaço Bruno , Oliveira Paula A , Bastos Margarida MSM , Nelson Peter S , Vakar‐Lopez Funda , Gaivão Isabel , Brito Luciane , Lopes Carlos , Cubilla Antonio L , Gil da Costa Rui M 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPenile cancer is an under‐studied disease that occurs more commonly in developing countries and 30–50% of cases show high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Therapeutic advances are slow, largely due to the absence of animal models for translational research. Here, we report the first mouse model for HPV‐related penile cancer. Ten‐week‐old mice expressing all the HPV16 early genes under control of the cytokeratin 14 (Krt14) gene promoter and matched wild‐type controls were exposed topically to dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) or vehicle for 16 weeks. At 30 weeks of age, mice were sacrificed for histological analysis. Expression of Ki67, cytokeratin 14, and of the HPV16 oncogenes E6 and E7 was confirmed using immunohistochemistry and quantitative PCR, respectively. HPV16‐transgenic mice developed intraepithelial lesions including condylomas and penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN). Lesions expressed cytokeratin 14 and the HPV16 oncogenes E6 and E7 and showed deregulated cell proliferation, demonstrated by Ki67‐positive supra‐basal cells. HPV16‐transgenic mice exposed to DMBA showed increased PeIN incidence and squamous cell carcinoma. Malignant lesions showed varied histological features closely resembling those of HPV‐associated human penile cancers. Wild‐type mice showed no malignant or pre‐malignant lesions even when exposed to DMBA. These observations provide the first experimental evidence to support the etiological role of HPV16 in penile carcinogenesis. Importantly, this is the first mouse model to recapitulate key steps of HPV‐related penile carcinogenesis and to reproduce morphological and molecular features of human penile cancer, providing a unique in vivo tool for studying its biology and advancing basic and translational research. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Liver involvement in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma: A systematic review by an international collaboration on Staging Evaluation and Response Criteria Harmonization (SEARCH) for Children, Adolescent, and Young Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma (CAYAHL)
Authors: Hagleitner Melanie M. , Metzger Monika L. , Flerlage Jamie E. , Kelly Kara M. , Voss Stephan D. , Kluge Regine , Kurch Lars , Cho Steve , Mauz‐Koerholz Christine , Beishuizen Auke 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHepatic involvement in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is uncommon (∼5% of patients) but always implies stage IV disease. Accurate staging is mandatory for making the appropriate risk assignment and treatment decisions. The Staging Evaluation and Response Criteria Harmonization for Childhood, Adolescent and Young Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma (SEARCH for CAYAHL) international working group conducted a systematic literature review of liver involvement in HL patients with the aim to propose a universally acceptable definition for liver involvement in pediatric HL.Thirty‐three articles describing 6985 pediatric and adult HL patients were reviewed, of which 539 (7.7%) mentioned liver involvement. The literature did not provide a uniform definition of hepatic involvement and we propose consensus criteria derived from the EuroNet and Children's Oncology Group protocols, where liver involvement is defined as any hepatic lesion on computed tomography scan that correlates with 18F‐FDG uptake greater than background liver. A clear definition of liver lesions is necessary to consistently identify liver involvement and compare its impact on outcomes among protocols worldwide.
Chemical characterisation and quantification of the major constituents in the Chinese herbal formula Jian‐Pi‐Yi‐Shen pill by UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS and HPLC‐QQQ‐MS/MS
Authors: Wang Fochang , Huang Shiying , Chen Qiugu , Hu Zhaoliu , Li Zhonggui , Zheng Ping , Liu Xinhui , Li Shunmin , Zhang Shangbin , Chen Jianping 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionJian‐Pi‐Yi‐Shen pill (JPYSP) is a Chinese medicine formula developed for the treatment of anaemic patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).ObjectiveTo investigate the chemical profile of JPYSP in the treatment of renal anaemia.MethodsA method coupling ultra‐performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS) was established to characterise the chemical constituents present in JPYSP. Subsequently, a high‐performance liquid chromatography method coupled with triple‐quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐QQQ‐MS/MS) was developed to quantify the major constituents from the identified compounds related to the treatment of CKD and anaemia.ResultsA total of 71 compounds were tentatively identified from JPYSP, including saponins, flavonoids, sesquiterpenoids, coumarins, phenylpropanoids, anthranones, anthraquinones, tannins, phenolic acids and others. Amongst them, 12 compounds (i.e. astragaloside IV, calycosin, calycosin 7‐O‐glucoside, salvianolic acid A, rosmarinic acid, rhein, liquiritin, formononetin, atractylenolide I, dioscin, tanshinone IIA, and acteoside) were further quantified simultaneously by HPLC‐QQQ‐MS/MS.ConclusionThe newly developed approach is suitable for the chemical profiling analysis and quality control of JPYSP, and could lead to additional pharmacodynamic studies involving the components of JPYSP.
Improving the picture of atomic structure in nonoriented polymer domains using the pair distribution function: A study of polyamide 6
Authors: Terban Maxwell W. , Pütz Alexander M. , Savasci Gökcen , Heinemeyer Ute , Hinrichsen Bernd , Desbois Philippe , Dinnebier Robert E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInvestigations of the atomic structures within polyamides started over 80 years ago and continue today. These weakly ordered materials diffract X‐rays poorly and typically require postprocessing to obtain idealized samples for structural studies. An important goal remains to develop techniques to study the local structure in its natural state, with atomic resolution, and with sensitivity to subtle changes due to synthesis conditions or other technologically relevant processing procedures. Here, we compare the structures of as‐produced, nonoriented polyamide 6 ([C6H11NO]
n) from both hydrolytic and anionic processes. A total scattering pair distribution function approach is used to elucidate information about the atomic bonding, molecular conformation, chain packing, crystallite size, and ratio of ordered to disordered domain content. The results are compared with those from standard analytical methods.
Preparation of polymethyl methacrylate with well‐controlled stereoregularity by anionic polymerization in an ionic liquid solvent
Authors: Otozawa Nobuyuki , Hamajima Rio , Yoshioka Masataka , Kato Raito , Tanaka Arisa , Fukuma Hiroto , Terao Toshiki , Manabe Kei , Fujii Syuji , Nakamura Yoshinobu , Takahara Atsushi , Hirai Tomoyasu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the effect of ionic liquids (ILs) on the anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA). Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), an isotactic polymer, is prepared by anionic polymerization at a high reaction temperature with an IL that acts as both solvent and additive. The most plausible reaction mechanism is determined using 1H NMR and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The electrostatic interaction between MMA and the IL increases the apparent steric hindrance in MMA, resulting in the isotactic PMMA.
Effect of cold atmospheric pressure plasma treatment of eggshells on the total bacterial count inoculated Salmonella Enteritidis and selected quality parameters
Authors: Moritz Maike , Wiacek Claudia , Weihe Thomas , Ehlbeck Jörg , Weltmann Klaus‐Dieter , Braun Peggy G. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the European Union, foodborne outbreaks caused by Salmonella Enteritidis, related to eggs and egg products, have even been reported in 2018. Atmospheric pressure plasma is becoming increasingly important as a decontamination method. A semidirect cold atmospheric pressure plasma, the flexible electrode plasma source, was developed for treating whole hen's eggs. An average reduction of 1.16 and 0.95 log colony‐forming units (CFU)/egg was achieved for the total bacterial count of clean and dirty eggs, respectively. An inactivation of 4.1 log CFU/egg Salmonella Enteritidis was achieved with artificially inoculated eggshells. Selected quality parameters and sensory properties were analysed. Overall, the present study yielded promising results for a realistic implementation of an industrial prototype plasma source.
Mass spectrometric characterisation of the circulating peptidome following oral glucose ingestion in control and gastrectomised patients
Authors: Kay Richard G. , Foreman Rachel E. , Roberts Geoff P. , Hardwick Richard , Reimann Frank , Gribble Fiona M. 
Published: June 2020

RationaleMeal ingestion triggers secretion of a variety of gut and endocrine peptides important in diabetes research which are routinely measured by immunoassays. However, similarities between some peptides (glucagon, oxyntomodulin and glicentin) can cause specificity issues with immunoassays. We used a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) methodology to unambiguously monitor multiple gut peptides in human plasma.MethodsA simple acetonitrile‐based protein precipitation step, followed by evaporation and solid‐phase extraction, removed high‐abundance proteins from samples prior to nano‐LC/MS/MS analysis on an Orbitrap Q‐Exactive Plus mass spectrometer using a data‐dependent methodology. Database searching using PEAKS identified multiple gut‐derived peptides, including peptides in the mid‐pg/mL range. The relative levels of these and previously characterised peptides were assessed in plasma samples from gastrectomised and control subjects during an oral glucose tolerance test.ResultsAnalysis of plasma extracts revealed significantly elevated levels of a number of peptides following glucose ingestion in subjects who had undergone gastrectomy compared with controls. These included GLP‐1(7–36), GLP‐1(9–36), glicentin, oxyntomodulin, GIP(1–42), GIP(3–42), PYY(1–36), PYY(3–36), neurotensin, insulin and C‐peptide. Motilin levels decreased following glucose ingestion. Results showed good correlation with immunoassay‐derived concentrations of some peptides in the same samples. The gastrectomy group also had higher, but non‐glucose‐dependent, circulating levels of peptides from PIGR and DMBT1.ConclusionsOverall, the approach showed that a fast, generic and reproducible LC/MS/MS methodology requiring only a small volume of plasma was capable of the multiplexed detection of a variety of diabetes‐related peptides.
Finite‐time geometric control for underactuated aerial manipulators with unknown disturbances
Authors: Yu Yushu , Li Ping , Gong Peng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this article, the finite‐time geometric control for underactuated aerial manipulators is investigated. The dynamics of the aerial manipulator with unknown disturbances is analyzed first. The dynamics of the system is decomposed into the locked subsystem and shape subsystem. The finite‐time controller for the aerial manipulator is then designed based on the analyzed dynamics. In the controller, the attitude tracking error of the aircraft base is expressed from the rotation matrix, which makes the controller continuous and almost globally stable on SO(3). A continuous adaptive term is added in the controller to compensate for the unknown disturbances. Finite‐time filters are designed to ensure the smoothness of the commands on each loop. The convergence of the entire controlled system is strictly proved using Lyapunov theory and the definition of finite‐time stability. The results show that the tracking error and the disturbance bound estimation error of the entire system are finite‐time bounded near origin. Finally, comparative simulation results are presented to show the performance of the proposed controller.
Bounds on precipitate hardening of line and surface defects in solids
Authors: Courte Luca , Bhattacharya Kaushik , Dondl Patrick 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe yield behavior of crystalline solids is determined by the motion of defects like dislocations, twin boundaries and coherent phase boundaries. These solids are hardened by introducing precipitates—small particles of a second phase. It is generally observed that the motion of line defects like dislocations are strongly inhibited or pinned by precipitates while the motion of surface defects like twin and phase boundaries are minimally affected. In this article, we provide insight into why line defects are more susceptible to the effect of precipitates than surface defects. Based on mathematical models that describe both types of motion, we show that for small concentrations of a nearly periodic arrangement of precipitates, the critical force that is required for a surface defect to overcome a precipitate is smaller than that required for a line defect. In particular, the critical forces for surface and line defects scale with the radius of precipitates to the second and first power, respectively.
Revisiting the evidence for genotoxicity of acrylamide (AA), key to risk assessment of dietary AA exposure
Authors: Eisenbrand Gerhard 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe weight of evidence pro/contra classifying the process-related food contaminant (PRC) acrylamide (AA) as a genotoxic carcinogen is reviewed. Current dietary AA exposure estimates reflect margins of exposure (MOEs) < 500. Several arguments support the view that AA may not act as a genotoxic carcinogen, especially not at consumer-relevant exposure levels: Biotransformation of AA into genotoxic glycidamide (GA) in primary rat hepatocytes is markedly slower than detoxifying coupling to glutathione (GS). Repeated feeding of rats with AA containing foods, bringing about uptake of 100 µg/kg/day of AA, resulted in dose x time-related buildup of AA-hemoglobin (Hb) adducts, whereas GA-Hb adducts remained within the background. Since hepatic oxidative biotransformation of AA into GA was proven by simultaneous urinary mercapturic acid monitoring it can be concluded that at this nutritional intake level any GA formed in the liver from AA is quantitatively coupled to GS to be excreted as mercapturic acid in urine. In an oral single dose–response study in rats, AA induced DNA N7-GA-Gua adducts dose-dependently in the high dose range (> 100 µg/kg b w). At variance, in the dose range below 100 µg/kg b.w. down to levels of average consumers exposure, DNA N7 -Gua lesions were found only sporadically, without dose dependence, and at levels close to the lower bound of similar human background DNA N7-Gua lesions. No DNA damage was detected by the comet assay within this low dose range. GA is a very weak mutagen, known to predominantly induce DNA N7-GA-Gua adducts, especially in the lower dose range. There is consensus that DNA N7-GA-Gua adducts exhibit rather low mutagenic potency. The low mutagenic potential of GA has further been evidenced by comparison to preactivated forms of other process-related contaminants, such as N-Nitroso compounds or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, potent food borne mutagens/carcinogens. Toxicogenomic studies provide no evidence supporting a genotoxic mode of action (MOA), rather indicate effects on calcium signalling and cytoskeletal functions in rodent target organs. Rodent carcinogenicity studies show induction of strain- and species-specific neoplasms, with MOAs not considered likely predictive for human cancer risk. In summary, the overall evidence clearly argues for a nongenotoxic/nonmutagenic MOA underlying the neoplastic effects of AA in rodents. In consequence, a tolerable intake level (TDI) may be defined, guided by mechanistic elucidation of key adverse effects and supported by biomarker-based dosimetry in experimental systems and humans.
31 days of COVID-19—cardiac events during restriction of public life—a comparative study
Authors: Rattka Manuel , Baumhardt Michael , Dreyhaupt Jens , Rothenbacher Dietrich , Thiessen Kevin , Markovic Sinisa , Rottbauer Wolfgang , Imhof Armin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Aims
The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 outbreak led to the most recent pandemic of the twenty-first century. To contain spread of the virus, many nations introduced a public lockdown. How the pandemic itself and measures of social restriction affect hospital admissions due to acute cardiac events has rarely been evaluated yet.

Methods and Results
German public authorities announced measures of social restriction between March 21st and April 20th, 2020. During this period, all patients suffering from an acute cardiac event admitted to our hospital (N = 94) were assessed and incidence rate ratios (IRR) of admissions for acute cardiac events estimated, and compared with those during the same period in the previous three years (2017–2019, N = 361). Admissions due to cardiac events were reduced by 22% as compared to the previous years (n = 94 vs. an average of n = 120 per year for 2017–2019). Whereas IRR for STEMI 1.20 (95% CI 0.67–2.14) and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest IRR 0.82 (95% CI 0.33–2.02) remained similar, overall admissions with an IRR of 0.78 (95% CI 0.62–0.98) and IRR for NSTEMI with 0.46 (95% CI 0.27–0.78) were significantly lower. In STEMI patients, plasma concentrations of high-sensitivity troponin T at admission were significantly higher (644 ng/l, IQR 372–2388) compared to 2017–2019 (195 ng/l, IQR 84–1134; p = 0.02).

Conclusion
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and concomitant social restrictions are associated with reduced cardiac events admissions to our tertiary care center. From a public health perspective, strategies have to be developed to assure patients are seeking and getting medical care and treatment in time during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.