bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Context and Complexity in Incremental Sentence Interpretation: An ERP Study on Temporal Quantification
Authors: Augurzky Petra , Hohaus Vera , Ulrich Rolf 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe present event‐related potential (ERP) study used picture–sentence verification to investigate the neurolinguistic correlates of the online processing of compositional‐semantic information. To this end, we examined context effects on sentences involving temporal adverbial quantification likeJana war jeden Morgen schwimmen an den Arbeitstagen (“Jana went for a swim every morning during the working week”). We tested whether the conceptual complexity associated with quantifying over time intervals leads to delayed predictions regarding the upcoming words in a sentence. The present study replicated previous results relating to quantification over individuals, which are conceptually less complex than time intervals. Analogous to previous studies, false vs. true sentences elicited an N400 whenever contextual cues did not permit a potential revision of a locally assigned truth value. The present results are compatible with an approach under which contextual cues are immediately considered for predicting how a sentence continues. The fact that the contextual complexity did not lead to processing delays indicates that the processing system quickly abstracts away from the conceptual complexity associated with the linguistic input if such an abstraction is possible.
What Does it Mean to be Polish? Europe and Identity in Two Museums in Poland
Authors: Krakus Anna 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSince Poland joined the European Union in 2004 the country has experienced a “museum boom.” Over the following decade new museums have been popping up in nearly every Polish town. The political climate in Poland is such that there are two dominant sides of the political spectrum: one, a celebration of liberal democracy and an openness to Europe, the other, anti‐EU and populist nationalist. This paper examines how two new museums in Poland, the Museum of Emigration in Gdynia, and the Warsaw Rising Museum, produce political messages supporting each of these sides.
Factors associated with hepatitis C and HIV testing uptake among men who inject image and performance enhancing drugs
Authors: Hope Vivian D. , McVeigh James , Begley Emma , Glass Rachel , Edmundson Claire , Heinsbroek Ellen , Kean Joseph , Campbell John , Whitfield Mark , Morgan Gareth , Acreman Dean , Smith Josie 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroduction and AimsHistorically, people who inject image and performance enhancing drugs (IPED) were not perceived as being at high risk of HIV or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, recent studies indicate HCV and HIV prevalences are elevated, with many HCV infections undiagnosed.Design and MethodsMen who inject IPEDs recruited from community settings and specialist services, including needle‐syringe programs, across UK during 2016 self‐completed a questionnaire. Multivariate analyses examined factors associated with HCV/HIV testing.ResultsThe participants' (n=562; 24% service recruited) median age was 31 years, 4% identified as gay or bisexual, 18% had ever been imprisoned and 6% had ever injected a psychoactive drug. Those community recruited more often reported sharing drugs vials (16% vs. 8%, P=0.021) and, among those with 2+ sexual partners, poor condom use (50% vs. 36%, P=0.063), than those service recruited. Overall, one‐third had ever been tested for HCV (31%) and/or HIV (34%). Testing uptake was associated with other risk factors for HCV/HIV, being recruited through services and having received metabolic tests. Participants' motivations for using IPEDs were associated with recruitment setting and HIV/HCV testing uptake.Discussion and ConclusionsThe majority were untested for HCV/HIV. HCV/HIV testing and risks were associated with recruitment through services. Previous needle and syringe program‐based studies have potentially overestimated testing uptake and underestimated risk. Targeted interventions are needed, particularly for those not accessing services. The association between HCV/HIV testing uptake and receipt of metabolic tests suggests that developing a combined offer of these tests as part of health monitoring could improve uptake.
Youth development in Kuwait: Dimensions of civic participation and community engagement towards nation building
Authors: Lakshminarayanan Radhika 
Published: November 2020

AbstractYouth engagement is a critical dimension of youth development where the youth population engages in social action. In Kuwait, the patriarchal and hierarchical social structure has rendered youth participation and civic and community engagement a slow and elusive experience with notable effects on the economic trajectory of the country in an era of “youth bulge” in the Kuwaiti society. Despite an extensive cradle‐to‐grave welfare system, the presence of skilled and knowledge workers among the Kuwaiti population is negligible, undermining long‐term prospects of economic growth and development. As a result of increased use of the Internet and social media, there are growing calls for greater freedoms and reform of the traditional socioeconomic structure among the youth. Contextualizing from a historical perspective, this article comparatively analyzes the various contexts of youth participation in the pre‐ and post‐oil Kuwait, examines the socioeconomic transformation of Kuwait during and after the Gulf War of 1991, and reviews the current challenges of community participation among the youth and outlines a series of recommendations for the way forward.
The effect of porcine hydrolysed collagen on gastric ulcer scores, gastric juice pH, gastrin and amino acid concentrations in horses
Authors: Camacho‐Luna P. , Andrews F. M. , Keowen M. L. , Garza F. , Liu C. ‐C. , Lamp B. , Olijve J. 
Published: November 2020

SummaryGastric ulcers are common in horses. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of porcine hydrolysed collagen (PHC) on gastric ulcer scores and gastric juice pH in horses. We hypothesise that PHC‐administration will result in improved gastric lesion scores and act synergistically with omeprazole to improve treatment efficacy. Thoroughbred horses (n = 10) were studied in a 2‐period, 2‐treatment crossover design, where the PHC (45 g) was administered twice daily. Horses were treated for 56 days. Gastroscopy was performed and gastric juice pH measured on Days 0, 14, 28, 42, 49 and 56. Nonglandular gastric ulcer number (NGN) and severity (NGS) and glandular ulcer number (GN) and glandular severity (GS) scores were assigned by an investigator masked to treatment and serum gastrin and amino acid concentrations. By Day 42, 2 weeks after discontinuing omeprazole treatment, NGN and NGS scores returned to pretreatment values and serum gastrin was higher when compared to values measured on Day 28. By Day 49, after the feed‐deprivation period, NGN and NGS were similar to pretreatment values. By Day 56, mean NGN score was significantly lower in PHC‐treated horses, compared to controls. Mean gastric juice pH significantly increased in both groups on Day 28 and the pH was significantly (P = 0.0127) higher in the PHC‐treated horses. Serum amino acid concentrations were not significantly different 2 h after feeding PHC and hydroxyproline was not detected. Serum gastrin concentration did not increase 2 h after feeding in the PHC‐fed horses. The PHC fed to horses enhanced the effects of omeprazole on increased gastric juice pH, inhibited gastrin secretion after feeding and resulted in fewer nonglandular ulcers after long‐term feeding (56 days) in stall‐confined horses undergoing intermittent feeding.
Peri‐implant mucosal response to implant‐supported overdentures: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Baskaradoss Jagan Kumar , Geevarghese Amrita , Baig Mirza Rustum 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo systematically review and evaluate the effects of different types of attachments, implant numbers and loading protocols on the peri‐implant mucosa of implant‐supported overdentures (ISODs).BackgroundThe impact of peri‐implant tissue health on the ISOD treatment outcome is unclear, and current evidence is inadequate on this aspect.Materials and MethodsA systematic literature search for randomised controlled trials or prospective studies was conducted in indexed databases from 1995 to April 2020. The focused question was as follows: How does the peri‐implant mucosa respond to implant‐supported or implant‐tissue‐supported complete overdentures based on different types of attachments, implant numbers, and loading protocols, in terms of clinical outcomes achieved [plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PD) and bleeding index (BI)]? A random‐ or fixed‐effects model was applied to measure the significance of standardised mean differences (SMD) of PD between the groups.ResultsSeventeen studies met the eligibility criteria. The SMD for PD between splinted/bar and unsplinted/stud attachments was 0.10 mm (95% CI: −0.27 to 0.47; P = .60) and between 2‐ and 4‐implant groups was 0.15 mm (95% CI: −0.16 to 0.45; P = .34), which were not statistically significant. Significant difference (P = .003) was observed between immediate/early loading and delayed loading (SMD = 0.46 mm [95% CI: 0.16 to 0.75]).ConclusionsProbing depth for the immediate loaded implants was significantly higher than for the delayed loading group. No attachment type, implant number or loading protocol seemed to have a clear advantage over the other, in terms of other peri‐implant mucosal outcome measures.
The role of total ankle replacement in patients with haemophilia and end‐stage ankle arthropathy: A review
Authors: Sackstein Paul , Cooper Paul , Kessler Craig 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHaemophilia is the most common X‐linked bleeding disorder, affecting over 1 million individuals throughout the world. Patients are subclassified into mild, moderate and severe disease based on per cent factor activity level. Nearly, all patients with haemophilia develop haemophilic arthropathy (HA) by age 30 and HA is known to have a negative impact on physical health subscores in Haem‐A‐QOL, a validated quality of life scoring system for patients with haemophilia. Unfortunately, many patients progress to end‐stage HA of the ankle, which is characterized by pain, contractures, decreased range of motion and muscle atrophy. Ankle arthrodesis (AAD) has been the standard of care in the definitive surgical management of end‐stage HA of the ankle. While AAD is a safe surgical procedure known to improve HA‐related pain, it decreases functional mobility and has been associated with secondary hindfoot arthritis as well as subtalar degeneration. In recent years, total ankle replacement (TAR) has emerged as an alternative surgical procedure that strives to improve functional mobility, pain and quality of life in end‐stage HA of the ankle. However, the safety, durability, and efficacy of this procedure in these patients are unknown. In this review, we analyse the clinical studies investigating TAR in patients with end‐stage HA of the ankle. We also discuss important considerations in the perioperative management of patients with haemophilia and compare the risks and benefits of AAD and TAR for patients with end‐stage HA of the ankle.
El enfoque de la sostenibilidad en la OIT y la representación colectiva de los trabajadores
Authors: NOVITZ Tonia 
Published: November 2020

ResumenLos objetivos de sostenibilidad, sobre todo medioambientales, han sido reconocidos por la OIT en iniciativas de «transición justa» y «empleos verdes». Sin embargo, los ODS ofrecen más margen para un compromiso de la OIT con la sostenibilidad social, al reconocer el «trabajo decente» (ODS 8) y requerir «la adopción en todos los niveles de decisiones inclusivas, participativas y representativas que respondan a las necesidades» (meta ODS 16.7). En este artículo se examina cómo la OIT podría seguir promoviendo los derechos de representación colectiva, a quién otorgarlos y cómo ejercerlos, en el contexto del debate sobre un futuro del trabajo sostenible.
Measuring the Cultural Dimension of Migrant Integration and Integration Policy in the European Context: Dilemmas and Discussions1
Authors: Gońda Marcin , Pachocka Marta , Podgórska Karolina 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMigrant integration is usually studied in four dimensions: economic, political, social and cultural. The cultural sphere seems to be the most ambiguous, but also the one that induces various interpretations as it touches upon core norms and values held both by migrants and by the receiving society. This paper aims to reconstruct research approaches to cultural integration and integration policy. Beside the receiving country’s language, that is the obvious differentiating factor of cultural integration, other aspects have been defined: migrants’ religion, knowledge of the receiving country’s symbolic culture, maintenance and transmission of cultural patterns, cultural identity. Furthermore, indicators which appear to adequately measure the effectiveness of integration activities have been assigned to the predefined aspects of cultural integration. They have been confronted with indicators used within integration policies of selected EU states and with expert statements (collected within the Delphi method‐based survey) on given aspects of policies aimed at cultural integration.
Elephantiasis Neuromatosa and Becker's Melanosis
Authors: Akyol Melih , Özçelik Sedat , Marufihah Mehmet , Elagöz Şahande 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe most characteristic lesions of neurofibromatosis are the extremely large plexiform neurofibromas involving an entire extremity, which give rise to the condition known as elephantiasis neuromatosa. In this article, we present a patient who was diagnosed as elephantiasis neuromatosa with Becker's melanosis clinically and review the literature briefly.
Confluent Ecchymoses on the Lower Extremities of a Malnourished Patient
Authors: Sasaki Go , Satoh Takahiro , Yokozeki Hiroo , Katayama Ichiro , Nishioka Kiyoshi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNutritional deficiencies result in many distinctive cutaneous manifestations. Vitamin C deficiency, or scurvy, produces follicular hyperkeratosis, perifollicular hemorrhages, gingival hypertrophy, and bleeding (1). We report here a case of malnutrition who suddenly developed extensive eccymoses on the lower extremities sharing morphological similarities with purpura fulminans. Although the patient did not have the characteristic dermatological features of scurvy, serum levels of vitamins C, K, B12, and E were decreased.
Is Stand-Up Comedy Art?
Authors: BRODIE IAN 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTStand-up so closely resembles-and is meant to resemble-the styles and expectations of everyday speech that the idea of technique and technical mastery we typically associate with art is almost rendered invisible. Technique and technical mastery is as much about the understanding and development of audiences as collaborators as it is the generation of material. Doing so requires encountering audiences in places that by custom or design encourage ludic and vernacular talk-social spaces and third spaces such as bars, coffee houses, and clubs. Cultivating uncultivated speech and cultivating real audiences in found settings form the background of developing the stand-up comedian, neither of which lend themselves to the conservatory tradition we think of when we think of the development of artists. This article addresses two areas of the overall question of stand-up as art, starting with the ontological question of stand-up comedy: if it is an art where is it located, and what we may mean by “artworks” and “artworld” in stand-up comedy? Then I consider whether stand-up comedy as practiced can be reconciled with several recent definitions for art and note some of the special conditions and contexts for stand-up.
Why Can't You Take a Joke? The Several Moral Dimensions of Pilfering a Ha-Ha
Authors: HICK DARREN HUDSON 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
This article investigates the moral wrongness of joke theft. Working through a trove of real-world cases, and using the sitcom The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel as a touchstone, I argue, ultimately, for a pluralist approach, contending that there are several wrongs that may be present in any case of joke theft, but which cannot be reduced to each other and which are collectively irreducible to any sort of “superwrong.”
Distributive politics with other‐regarding preferences
Authors: Le Minh T. , Saporiti Alejandro , Wang Yizhi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper analyzes a nonsmooth model of probabilistic voting with two parties and a broad family of other‐regarding behavior, including fairness and quasi‐maximin preferences, income‐dependent altruism, and inequity aversion. The paper provides conditions for equilibrium existence and uniqueness. It also characterizes the Nash equilibrium in pure strategies when parties hold either symmetric payoffs, or minor forms of asymmetries. The characterization shows that the two parties converge to an equilibrium policy that maximizes a mixture of a “self‐regarding utilitarian” social welfare function and an aggregate of society's other‐regarding preferences. These results are shown to be applicable to other nonsmooth frameworks, such as probabilistic voting with loss averse voters. The characterization also shows that the direction and the size of the inefficiencies emerging from electoral competition depend in a subtle way on the nature of the other‐regarding preferences (and resp., loss aversion).
Effects of 2.45 GHz Wi‐Fi exposure on sleep‐dependent memory consolidation
Authors: Bueno‐Lopez Ana , Eggert Torsten , Dorn Hans , Schmid Gernot , Hirtl Rene , Danker‐Hopfe Heidi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractStudies have reported that exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF‐EMF) emitted by mobile telephony might affect specific sleep features. Possible effects of RF‐EMF emitted by Wi‐Fi networks on sleep‐dependent memory consolidation processes have not been investigated so far. The present study explored the impact of an all‐night Wi‐Fi (2.45 GHz) exposure on sleep‐dependent memory consolidation and its associated physiological correlates. Thirty young males (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 24.1 ± 2.9 years) participated in this double‐blind, randomized, sham‐controlled crossover study. Participants spent five nights in the laboratory. The first night was an adaptation/screening night. The second and fourth nights were baseline nights, each followed consecutively by an experimental night with either Wi‐Fi (maximum: psSAR10g = <25 mW/kg; 6 min average: <6.4 mW/kg) or sham exposure. Declarative, emotional and procedural memory performances were measured using a word pair, a sequential finger tapping and a face recognition task, respectively. Furthermore, learning‐associated brain activity parameters (power spectra for slow oscillations and in the spindle frequency range) were analysed. Although emotional and procedural memory were not affected by RF‐EMF exposure, overnight improvement in the declarative task was significantly better in the Wi‐Fi condition. However, none of the post‐learning sleep‐specific parameters was affected by exposure. Thus, the significant effect of Wi‐Fi exposure on declarative memory observed at the behavioural level was not supported by results at the physiological level. Due to these inconsistencies, this result could also be a random finding.
Ageing shift workers’ sleep and working‐hour characteristics after implementing ergonomic shift‐scheduling rules
Authors: Karhula Kati , Hakola Tarja , Koskinen Aki , Lallukka Tea , Ojajärvi Anneli , Puttonen Sampsa , Oksanen Tuula , Rahkonen Ossi , Ropponen Annina , Härmä Mikko 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe studied whether implementing binding ergonomic shift‐scheduling rules change ageing (≥45 years) social and healthcare employees’ (mean age 52.5 years, 95% women) working‐hour characteristics (e.g. weekly working hours, number and length of night shifts, and short shift intervals) and sleep. We compared an intervention group (n = 253) to a control group (n = 1,234) by survey responses (baseline 2007/2008, follow‐up 2012) and objective working‐hour characteristics (intervention group n = 159, control group n = 379) from 91 days preceding the surveys. Changes in working‐hour characteristics were analysed with repeated measures general linear models. The fully adjusted model (sociodemographics and full‐/part‐time work) showed that proportion of short shift intervals (<11 hr, p = .033) and weekend work (p = .01) decreased more in the intervention than in the control group. Changes in sleep outcomes were analysed with generalised logit model to binomial and multinomial variables. The fully adjusted model (sociodemographics, full‐/part‐time work, job strain, health behaviours, and perceived health) revealed higher odds in the intervention group for long sleep (≥9 hr; odds ratio [OR] 5.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.21–13.80), and lower odds of short sleep (<6 hr; OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.57–0.92), having at least two sleep difficulties often (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.43–0.70), and more specifically difficulties in falling asleep (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.41–0.77), waking up several times per night (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.34–0.55), difficulties in staying asleep (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.49–0.82), and non‐restorative sleep (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.54–0.90) than the control group. In conclusion, implementation of ergonomic shift‐scheduling rules resulted in minor changes in ageing employees’ objective working hours and a consistent buffering effect against worsening of sleep.
Why theory is not myth
Authors: Mills Jon 
Published: November 2020

AbstractJames Cresswell provides a thoughtful critique of my essay on a theory of myth (Mills) with a specific focus on the nature of theorizing that challenges the dogma of empirical frames of reference, concluding that scientific theories themselves are contemporary myths. Insofar as myth is an attempt to provide a narrative or discourse about phenomena, Cresswell's argument could apply to any theory. But he takes this point further: theory is synonymous with myth. In order to unpack this evocative claim, it may prove useful to revisit how theory and myth relate to the concepts of logos, truth, ontology and identity. In the end, I suggest theory is not myth because theory sets out to describe, interpret and explain phenomena and is scrutinized for its validity, generalizability and applied consequences, while the premises of myth are often historically and culturally presupposed or simply devolve into belief that may or may not be defensible.