bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transpancreatic biliary sphincterotomy for biliary access is safe also on a long-term scale
Authors: Koskensalo Vilja , Udd Marianne , Rainio Mia , Halttunen Jorma , Sipilä Matias , Lindström Outi , Kylänpää Leena 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Transpancreatic biliary sphincterotomy (TPBS) is an advanced cannulation method for accessing common bile duct (CBD) in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). If CBD cannulation is difficult, an endoscopist can open the septum between the pancreatic and biliary duct with a sphincterotome to gain access. Long-term results of this procedure are unclear. We wanted to evaluate the short- and long-term complications of TPBS on patients with native papilla and benign indication for ERCP.

Patients and Methods
ERCPs performed in Helsinki University Hospital between 2007 and 2013 were reviewed. The study group comprised 143 consecutive patients with TPBS and 140 controls (CG). Data were collected from patient records and a phone survey was performed as a follow-up ≥ 4 years after the index ERCP.

Results
Post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) developed in seven patients (4.9%) in TPBS and one patient (0.7%) in CG (p = 0.067). The rates of other acute complications were similar between the groups. ERCP ended with no access to CBD in four cases (2.8%) in TPBS. The median length of follow-up was 6 years in TPBS and 7 years in CG. During this period, three patients (2.1%) in TPBS and six patients (4.3%) in CG suffered from acute pancreatitis (AP) (p = 0.238). One (0.7%) patient in CG and none in TPBS developed chronic pancreatitis (CP). Abdominal pain was suffered by ten patients (6.9%) in TPBS and twelve patients (8.6%) in CG daily, whereas by six patients (4.2%) in TPBS and twelve patients (8.6%) in CG weekly.

Conclusion
TPBS is a useful procedure, with acceptable complication rates. No significant difference occurred between the groups when evaluating the short-term or long-term complications with a follow-up period of four to 10 years. Additionally, no significant differences occurred in upper abdominal pain, episodes of AP, or development of CP.
Prone single-position extreme lateral interbody fusion (Pro-XLIF): preliminary results
Authors: Lamartina Claudio , Berjano Pedro 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Single-position options for combined anterior and posterior fusion in the lumbar spine have been suggested to reduce the surgical time and improve the efficiency of operating room. Previous reports have focused on lateral decubitus single-position surgery. The goal of this study is to describe and evaluate the feasibility and safety of prone single-position extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) with posterior fixation.

Methods
Design Pilot prospective non-randomized controlled study. Seven patients who underwent prone single-position XLIF and posterior fixation were evaluated (Pro-XLIF). A control group (Std-XLIF) was composed of ten patients who underwent XLIF in lateral decubitus and posterior fixation in prone position. All patients underwent interbody XLIF fusion at one level and posterior procedures at one or more levels. Duration of surgery, blood loss, complications, X-ray use and clinical outcomes were recorded.

Results
No major complications were observed in either group. Oswestry Disability Index, back pain and leg pain were improved in the Pro-XLIF group from 48.5, 7.7 and 8.5 to 14.5, 1.71 and 2.71, respectively, and in the Std-XLIF group from 50.8, 5.7 and 7.2 to 22.5, 3.7 and 2.5. The Pro-XLIF group had a longer time of preparation before incision (39 vs 26 min, ns), equal duration of the anterior procedure (65 vs 59 min, ns), shorter duration of surgery (133 vs 182 min, ns) and longer X-ray exposure time (102 vs 92 s, ns). The surgical technique is described.

Conclusions
Prone single-position XLIF is feasible and safe. In this preliminary report, the results are comparable to the standard technique.

Graphic abstract
These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
A simplex algorithm for rational cp-factorization
Authors: Dutour Sikirić Mathieu , Schürmann Achill , Vallentin Frank 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper we provide an algorithm, similar to the simplex algorithm, which determines a rational cp-factorization of a given matrix, whenever the matrix allows such a factorization. This algorithm can be used to show that every integral completely positive $$2 \times 2$$

2
×
2

matrix has an integral cp-factorization.
Enhancement of NADPH availability for coproduction of coenzyme Q10 and farnesol from Rhodobacter sphaeroides
Authors: Xu Man , Wu Hongxuan , Shen Peijie , Jiang Xianzhang , Chen Xueduan , Lin Jinxin , Huang Jianzhong , Qi Feng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)—an essential cofactor in the respiratory electron transport chain—has important pharmaceutical and healthcare applications. Farnesol (FOH)—an acyclic sesquiterpene alcohol—has garnered interest owing to its valuable clinical and medical benefits. Here, the coproduction of CoQ10 and FOH in Rhodobacter sphaeroides GY-2 was greatly improved through the enhancement of intracellular NADPH availability. Transcription of pgi, gdhA, and nuocd was, respectively, inhibited using RNA interference to reduce intracellular NAD(P)H consumption. Moreover, zwf, gnd, and zwf + gnd were overexpressed to enhance the pentose phosphate pathway, resulting in improved NADPH availability in most metabolically engineered R. sphaeroides strains. RSg-pgi with RNAi of pgi combined with overexpression of gnd produced 55.05 mg/L FOH that is twofold higher than the parental strain GY-2, and 185.5 mg/L CoQ10 can be coproduced at the same time. In conclusion, improved carbon flux can be redirected toward NADPH-dependent biosynthesis through the enhancement of NADPH availability.
Europe-wide outbreaks of common voles in 2019
Authors: Jacob Jens , Imholt Christian , Caminero-Saldaña Constantino , Couval Geoffroy , Giraudoux Patrick , Herrero-Cófreces Silvia , Horváth Győző , Luque-Larena Juan José , Tkadlec Emil , Wymenga Eddy 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCommon voles (Microtus arvalis) are widespread in the European agricultural landscape from central Spain to central Russia. During population outbreaks, significant damage to a variety of crops is caused and the risk of pathogen transmission from voles to people increases. In 2019, increasing or unusually high common vole densities have been reported from several European countries. This is highly important in terms of food production and public health. Therefore, authorities, extension services and farmers need to be aware of the rapid and widespread increase in common voles and take appropriate measures as soon as possible. Management options include chemical and non-chemical methods. However, the latter are suitable only for small and valuable crops and it is recommended to increase efforts to predict common voles outbreaks and to develop and field test new and optimized management tools.
Multidisciplinary patient care in X‐linked hypophosphatemic rickets: one challenge, many perspectives
Authors: Raimann Adalbert , Mindler Gabriel T. , Kocijan Roland , Bekes Katrin , Zwerina Jochen , Haeusler Gabriele , Ganger Rudolf 
Published: January 2020

SummaryX‑linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH, OMIM #307800) is a rare genetic metabolic disorder caused by dysregulation of fibroblast-like growth factor 23 (FGF23) leading to profound reduction in renal phosphate reabsorption. Impaired growth, severe rickets and complex skeletal deformities are direct consequences of hypophosphatemia representing major symptoms of XLH during childhood. In adults, secondary complications including early development of osteoarthritis substantially impair quality of life and cause significant clinical burden. With the global approval of the monoclonal FGF23 antibody burosumab, a targeted treatment with promising results in phase III studies is available for children with XLH. Nevertheless, complete phenotypic rescue is rarely achieved and remaining multisystemic symptoms demand multidisciplinary specialist care. Coordination of patient management within the major medical disciplines is a mainstay to optimize treatment and reduce disease burden. This review aims to depict different perspectives in XLH patient care in the setting of a multidisciplinary centre of expertise for rare bone diseases.
Quantifying the ill-conditioning of analytic continuation
Authors: Trefethen Lloyd N. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAnalytic continuation is ill-posed, but becomes merely ill-conditioned (although with an infinite condition number) if it is known that the function in question is bounded in a given region of the complex plane. In an annulus, the Hadamard three-circles theorem implies that the ill-conditioning is not too severe, and we show how this explains the effectiveness of Chebfun and related numerical methods in evaluating analytic functions off the interval of definition. By contrast, we show that analytic continuation is far more ill-conditioned in a strip or a channel, with exponential loss of digits of accuracy at the rate $$\exp (-\pi x/2)$$

exp
(
-
π
x
/
2
)

as one moves along. The classical Weierstrass chain-of-disks method loses digits at the faster rate $$\exp (-ex)$$

exp
(
-
e
x
)

.
How Different Analysis and Interpolation Methods Affect the Accuracy of Ice Surface Elevation Changes Inferred from Satellite Altimetry
Authors: Strößenreuther Undine , Horwath Martin , Schröder Ludwig 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSatellite altimetry has been widely used to determine surface elevation changes in polar ice sheets. The original height measurements are irregularly distributed in space and time. Gridded surface elevation changes are commonly derived by repeat altimetry analysis (RAA) and subsequent spatial interpolation of height change estimates. This article assesses how methodological choices related to those two steps affect the accuracy of surface elevation changes, and how well this accuracy is represented by formal uncertainties. In a simulation environment resembling CryoSat-2 measurements acquired over a region in northeast Greenland between December 2010 and January 2014, different local topography modeling approaches and different cell sizes for RAA, and four interpolation approaches are tested. Among the simulated cases, the choice of either favorable or unfavorable RAA affects the accuracy of results by about a factor of 6, and the different accuracy levels are propagated into the results of interpolation. For RAA, correcting local topography by an external digital elevation model (DEM) is best, if a very precise DEM is available, which is not always the case. Yet the best DEM-independent local topography correction (nine-parameter model within a 3,000 m diameter cell) is comparable to the use of a perfect DEM, which exactly represents the ice sheet topography, on the same cell size. Interpolation by heterogeneous measurement-error-filtered kriging is significantly more accurate (on the order of 50% error reduction) than interpolation methods, which do not account for heterogeneous errors.
Zeiten zum beruflichen Lernen: Eine empirische Untersuchung zum Zeitpunkt und der Dauer von Fortbildungsangeboten für Lehrkräfte
Authors: Richter Eric , Marx Alexandra , Huang Yizhen , Richter Dirk 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Forschung zur Lehrerfortbildung weist darauf hin, dass zeitliche Einschränkungen eine Barriere für die Teilnahme an Fortbildungen darstellen. Insbesondere die Unvereinbarkeit der Arbeitszeit mit dem Zeitpunkt des Fortbildungsangebotes wird von Lehrkräften als hinderlich wahrgenommen. Welche zeitlichen Merkmale das Fortbildungsangebot für Lehrkräfte aufweist und ob diese im Zusammenhang mit der Fortbildungsteilnahme von Lehrkräften stehen, fand bisher wenig Berücksichtigung. Die vorliegende Studie verfolgt daher das Ziel, zeitliche Merkmale des Fortbildungsangebotes für Lehrkräfte zu beschreiben und ihre Vorhersagekraft für die Fortbildungsteilnahme zu untersuchen. Die Daten hierfür stammen aus der elektronischen Datenbank für Lehrerfortbildungen des Landes Brandenburg im akademischen Jahr 2016/2017. Der Datensatz umfasst 1330 schulexterne Lehrerfortbildungen staatlicher Anbieter. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Dauer und Zeitpunkt einer Fortbildungsveranstaltung prädiktiv für die Teilnahme der Lehrkräfte sind. Die Befunde erweitern damit den Diskurs zu Bedingungen des beruflichen Lernens von Lehrkräften und liefern Implikationen für eine passgenaue Fortbildungsplanung.
Gas injection for enhanced oil recovery in two-dimensional geology-based physical model of Tahe fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs: karst fault system
Authors: Song Zhao-Jie , Li Meng , Zhao Chuang , Yang Yu-Long , Hou Ji-Rui 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGas injection serves as a main enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method in fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir, but its effect differs among single wells and multi-well groups because of the diverse fractured-vuggy configuration. Many researchers conducted experiments for the observation of fluid flow and the evaluation of production performance, while most of their physical models were fabricated based on the probability distribution of fractures and caves in the reservoir. In this study, a two-dimensional physical model of the karst fault system was designed and fabricated based on the geological model of TK748 well group in the seventh block of the Tahe Oilfield. The fluid flow and production performance of primary gas flooding were discussed. Gas-assisted gravity flooding was firstly introduced to take full use of gas–oil gravity difference, and its feasibility in the karst fault system was examined. Experimental results showed that primary gas flooding created more flow paths and achieved a remarkable increment of oil recovery compared to water flooding. Gas injection at a lower location was recommended to delay gas breakthrough. Gas-assisted gravity flooding achieved more stable gas-displacing-oil because oil production was at a lower location, and thus, the oil recovery was further enhanced.
A lattice Boltzmann study of 2D steady and unsteady flows around a confined cylinder
Authors: Strniša Filip , Urbic Tomaz , Plazl Igor 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this work, the lattice Boltzmann (LB) method was applied to simulate incompressible steady and unsteady low Reynolds number (Re) flows around a confined cylinder. In the LB method, different collision models (Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook model, two-relaxation-time model, multi-relaxation-time model, and entropic lattice Boltzmann model) and a regularization model were used, and the results were compared. Numerical results pertaining to a two-dimensional flow around a cylinder are reported and compared with numerical and experimental data available in the literature. The results agree with the predictions made from the literature. A correlation for Strouhal number (St) for 55$$\le$$≤ Re $$\le$$≤300 is suggested.
An Assessment Method for Identifying Acceptable and Effective Ways to Present Demands to an Adult With Dementia
Authors: Williams Emma E. M. , Sharp Rebecca A. , Lamers Carolien 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSimple instructions are often recommended for presenting demands to people with dementia; however, simple instructions may be perceived as authoritative and may not be appropriate for all individuals. We conducted a demand assessment with a woman with dementia who engaged in problem behaviors in response to direct instructions. We measured latency to compliance and verbal behavior when demands were presented as questions, rules, simple instructions, or demands embedded in social chatter. In contrast to the other conditions, simple instructions resulted in the most undesirable behavior and were least likely to evoke compliance. We conducted an intervention in which demands were phrased as requests for assistance.
Empirische Kapitalmarktforschung zu Conference Calls: Eine Literaturanalyse
Authors: Kaya Devrimi , Maier Christian , Böhmer Tobias 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungConference Calls im Rahmen der Ergebnisberichterstattung haben sich in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten zu einem wichtigen Instrument der Offenlegung an Kapitalmärkten entwickelt. Dieser Beitrag analysiert die empirische Literatur zu den Determinanten und ökonomischen Konsequenzen von Conference Calls. Wir strukturieren unsere Literaturanalyse anhand von Themensträngen wie dem Zugang zu Conference Calls, der Teilnehmerpartizipation und den Kapitalmarktreaktionen. Zudem werden Studien analysiert, die das Phänomen Conference Call untersuchen, um wichtige Einblicke in den Informationsgehalt von Conference Calls und das Kommunikationsverhalten der Teilnehmer zu erhalten. Abschließend werden Anregungen für künftige Forschungsarbeiten gegeben. Gegenstand der Literaturanalyse bilden 49 Beiträge in international renommierten Zeitschriften aus den Jahren 1998 bis 2018.
Heavy metals in surface sediments of Lake Naivasha, Kenya: spatial distribution, source identification and ecological risk assessment
Authors: Olando Grace , Olaka Lydia A. , Okinda Philip O. , Abuom Paul 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHeavy metals retained in sediments pose a threat to aquatic ecosystem and society. Knowledge of the status and sustainability of lake sediment in areas undergoing rapid economic development is scarce, and yet it is required in order to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development goals. We investigated heavy metal concentration in Lake Naivasha sediments using enrichment factor, geoaccumulation index, pollution load index (PLI), risk index (RI) and multivariate statistics to determine metal accumulation, distribution and the lake’s pollution status. Sediments sampling followed a grid approach, and seven heavy metals: Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn and Fe, were analyzed in total; concentrations were determined using portable X-ray fluorescence. The distribution maps were interpolated in a GIS platform, and the toxicity risk of sediments was determined. The concentrations of elements in the sediments are in the following decreasing order: Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Cr > Co > Pb. High concentration of heavy metals is found in the southern shoreline and east of the lake due to shoreline discharge and agricultural effluents drained into the lake and shoreline transgression. Pb and Zn are of anthropogenic origin, while Cu and Mn originate from both natural and anthropogenic sources and Fe and Co are from natural sources. In addition, the mean toxicity decreases in the order: Cu > Fe > Co > Pb > Zn > Mn > Cr. The PLI values were above one (> 1), indicating progressive deterioration of the sediment quality. Though the overall ecological risk of the lake is low to moderate (RI 36.73–60.51), hotspots of pollution should be marked for intervention. This assessment also helps to fill the knowledge gap required to formulate the right policies in implementing sustainable development goals in similar lakes.
A happy choice: wellbeing as the goal of government
Authors: FRIJTERS PAUL , CLARK ANDREW E. , KREKEL CHRISTIAN , LAYARD RICHARD 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this article, we lay out the basic case for wellbeing as the goal of government. We briefly review the history of this idea, which goes back to the ancient Greeks and was the acknowledged ideal of the Enlightenment. We then discuss possible measures on which a wellbeing orientation could be based, emphasizing the importance of acknowledging the political agency of citizens and thus their own evaluations of their lives. We then turn to practicalities and consequences: how would one actually set up wellbeing-oriented decision-making and what difference should we expect from current practice? We end by discussing the current barriers to the adoption of wellbeing as the goal of government, both in terms of what we need to know more about and where the ideological barriers lie.
Neurological Involvement in Glycogen Storage Disease Type IXa due to PHKA2 Mutation
Authors: Smith Chelsea ,   Care4Rare Canada Consortium, Dicaire Marie-Josée , Brais Bernard , La Piana Roberta 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT:Glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) result from the deficiency of enzymes involved in glycogen synthesis and breakdown into glucose. Mutations in the gene PHKA2 encoding phosphorylase kinase regulatory subunit alpha 2 have been linked to GSD type IXa. We describe a family with two adult brothers with neonatal hepatosplenomegaly and later onset of hearing loss, cognitive impairment, and cerebellar involvement. Whole-exome sequencing was performed on both subjects and revealed a shared hemizygous missense variant (c.A1561G; p.T521A) in exon 15 of PHKA2. The phenotype broadens the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging spectrum of GSD type IXa to include later onset neurological manifestations.
Outbreaks of Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean species in vegetable crops in São Paulo and Paraná States, Brazil
Authors: Bello Vinicius Henrique , Watanabe Luís Fernando Maranho , Fusco Lucas Machado , De Marchi Bruno Rossitto , da Silva Felipe Barreto , Gorayeb Eduardo Silva , Moura Mônika Fecury , de Souza Isabela Morcilo , Muller Cristiane , Salas Fernando Javier Sanhueza , Yuki Valdir Atsushi , Bueno Regiane Cristina Oliveira de Freitas , Pavan Marcelo Agenor , Krause-Sakate Renate 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the most important agricultural pests and virus vectors worldwide. Bemisia tabaci is considered a complex of cryptic species with at least 44 species. Among them, the species Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1, formerly B biotype) and Mediterranean (MED, formerly Q biotype) are the most important, and they have attained global status. In Brazil, MEAM1 was first reported in the 1990s and is currently the predominant species in the country, meanwhile, MED was recently reported in the South and Southeast regions and was found to be mainly associated with ornamental plants. Currently, an increasing problem in the management of whitefly infestations in greenhouses associated with bell pepper was observed in São Paulo State, Brazil. The whiteflies were collected and identified based on a microsatellite locus (primer pair BEM23F and BEM23R) and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing. We observed that MED was the predominant species collected on bell pepper, but it was also found on tomato, cucumber, eggplant, and weeds grown in greenhouses. In open field, we found MED on tomatoes, bell peppers, and eggplants. In addition, MED was identified in Goiás State in association with ornamental plants. The begomovirus Tomato severe rugose virus and the crinivirus Tomato chlorosis virus was detected on bell pepper and tomato, respectively. Only MED specimens were found associated with the virus-infected plants. Moreover, we also investigated the endosymbionts present in the MED whiteflies. The collected populations of B. tabaci MED harbored a diversity of secondary endosymbionts, with Hamiltonella (H) found predominantly in 89 specimens of the 129 tested. These results represent a new concern for Brazilian agriculture, especially for the management of the newly introduced whitefly MED species, which must be implemented to limit the spreading and establishment of this pest in different crops in this country.