bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral blood cell ratios as prognostic factors in canine diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma treated withCHOPprotocol
Authors: Henriques Joaquim , Felisberto Ricardo , Constantino‐Casas Fernando , Cabeçadas José , Dobson Jane 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common haematopoietic tumour in dogs and recognized as clinical model for its human counterpart. Recently, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte (NLR) and lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte (LMR) ratios have been shown to predict time‐to‐progression (TTP) and lymphoma‐specific survival (LSS) in dogs with DLBCL treated with CHOP‐based chemotherapy. We retrospectively evaluated in 59 dogs diagnosed with DLBCL the prognostic value of haematological parameters and derived ratios: NLR, LMR, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte (PLR) and platelet‐to‐neutrophil (PNR) ratios for TTP, LSS and associated secondary end‐points (time‐to‐progression‐rate [TTPR] and lymphoma‐specific survival‐rate [LSSR]) as rates at 180 and 365 days. PNR is an independent prognostic marker (p ≤ .001) for TTPR/180 and 365 days, dogs with a PNR above 0.032 were more likely to progress before 180 days (sensitivity 46.5%, specificity 87.5%,p = .004). On univariate analysis, NLR showed a prognostic significance for LSSR/180 (p = .006) and LSSR/365 (p = .009). A baseline NLR value below 7.45 was positively associated with survival at 180 days (sensitivity 52%, specificity 85.3%,p = .025). The presence of substageb, was associated with early progression and decreased survival at 180 days (p = .031). Anaemia significantly reduced LSSR at 365 days (p = .028). This is the first study evaluating PLR and PNR in canine DLBCL and demonstrates that PNR could be a predictor of early lymphoma progression. Since peripheral blood cell composition can be affected by several non‐oncological causes, the development of larger multicenter studies with homogeneous inclusion criteria could help to better determine the true predictive values of blood cell ratios in dogs' DLBCL treated with CHOP chemotherapy.
Evidence‐Based Practice Competence in Nursing Students Preparing to Transition to Practice
Authors: Lam Christina K. , Schubert Carolyn F. , Herron Elizabeth K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundOpportunities to embed and evaluate evidence‐based practice (EBP) competency in the clinical setting across nursing curricula are not well described in the literature.AimsThis research aims to describe how clinical learning environments influence senior nursing students’ integration of EBP competencies in their practice and perceptions of EBP competence development in a traditional baccalaureate nursing program.MethodsA sequential, mixed‐methods design was used with senior students upon completion of their last two clinical experiences in the nursing program. Students completed the EBP Work Environment Scale (Pryse, McDaniel, & Schafer, 2014) and semi‐structured interviews.FindingsStudents appraised EBP Work Environments positively during preceptor‐led experiences as opposed to instructor‐led, group clinical experiences. Students described the evolution of emerging EBP competence throughout their nursing education and emphasized the importance of coursework in intentionally developing EBP competence.Linking Evidence to ActionAssessment of clinical experiences and models that contribute to EBP competence is needed. Participants in this study emphasized the importance of coursework that builds on EBP competencies, and the tremendous value of nurse preceptors that encouraged growth in their ability to engage with EBP in clinical practice.
Passive stiffness of fibrotic skeletal muscle in mdx mice relates to collagen architecture
Authors: Brashear Sarah E. , Wohlgemuth Ross P. , Gonzalez Gabriella , Smith Lucas R. 
Published: November 2020

Key points
The amount of fibrotic material in dystrophic mouse muscles relates to contractile function, but not passive function.
Collagen fibres in skeletal muscle are associated with increased passive muscle stiffness in fibrotic muscles.
The alignment of collagen is independently associated with passive stiffness in dystrophic skeletal muscles.
These outcomes demonstrate that collagen architecture rather than collagen content should be a target of anti‐fibrotic therapies to treat muscle stiffness.
AbstractFibrosis is prominent in many skeletal muscle pathologies including dystrophies, neurological disorders, cachexia, chronic kidney disease, sarcopenia and metabolic disorders. Fibrosis in muscle is associated with decreased contractile forces and increased passive stiffness that limits joint mobility leading to contractures. However, the assumption that more fibrotic material is directly related to decreased function has not held true. Here we utilize novel measurement of extracellular matrix (ECM) and collagen architecture to relate ECM form to muscle function. We used mdx mice, a model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy that becomes fibrotic, and wildtype mice. In this model, extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle was significantly stiffer, but with similar total collagen, while the soleus muscle did not change stiffness, but increased collagen. The stiffness of the EDL was associated with increased collagen crosslinking as determined by collagen solubility. Measurement of ECM alignment using polarized light microscopy showed a robust relationship between stiffness and alignment for wildtype muscle that broke down in mdx muscles. Direct visualization of large collagen fibres with second harmonic generation imaging revealed their relative abundance in stiff muscles. Collagen fibre alignment was linked to stiffness across all muscles investigated and the most significant factor in a multiple linear regression‐based model of muscle stiffness from ECM parameters. This work establishes novel characteristics of skeletal muscle ECM architecture and provides evidence for a mechanical function of collagen fibres in muscle. This finding suggests that anti‐fibrotic strategies to enhance muscle function and excessive stiffness should target large collagen fibres and their alignment rather than total collagen.
Inspiratory Muscle Training on Glucose Control in Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Pinto Mariana B. , Bock Patrícia M. , Schein Andressa S.O. , Portes Juliana , Monteiro Raíssa B. , Schaan Beatriz D. 
Published: November 2020

This study evaluated the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in glucose control and respiratory muscle function in patients with diabetes. It was a randomized clinical trial conducted at the Physiopathology Laboratory of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Patients with Type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to IMT or placebo-IMT (P-IMT), performed at 30% and 2% of maximal inspiratory pressure, respectively, every day for 12 weeks. The main outcome measures were HbA1c, glycemia, and respiratory muscle function. Thirty patients were included: 73.3% women, 59.6 ± 10.7 years old, HbA1c 8.7 ± 0.9% (71.6 ± 9.8 mmol/mol), and glycemia 181.8 ± 57.8 mg/dl (10.5 ± 3.2 mmol/L). At the end of the training, HbA1c was 8.2 ±0.3% (66.1 ± 3.3 mmol/mol) and 8.7 ± 0.3% (71.6 ± 3.3 mmol/mol) for the IMT and P-IMT groups, respectively (p = .8). Fasting glycemia decreased in both groups with no difference after training although it was lower in IMT at 8 weeks: 170.0 ± 11.4 mg/dl(9.4 ± 0.6 mmol/L) and 184.4 ± 15.0 mg/dl (10.2 ± 0.8 mmol/L) for IMT and P-IMT, respectively (p < .05). Respiratory endurance time improved in the IMT group (baseline = 325.9 ± 51.1 s and 305.0 ± 37.8 s; after 12 weeks = 441.1 ± 61.7 s and 250.7 ± 39.0 s for the IMT and P-IMT groups, respectively; p < .05). Considering that glucose control did not improve, IMT should not be used as an alternative to other types of exercise in diabetes. Higher exercise intensities or longer training periods might produce better results. The clinical trials identifier is NCT 03191435.
Preservice Physical Education Teachers’ Perceptions of a Flipped Basketball Course: Benefits, Challenges, and Recommendations
Authors: Koh Koon Teck , Li Chunxiao , Mukherjee Swarup 
Published: November 2020

Purpose: Information and communication technologies can enable educators in the development of innovative and contextually relevant approaches for the provision of enhanced learning experiences. This study examined preservice physical education teachers’ perceptions of a flipped learning basketball course in a physical education teacher education program. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight preservice physical education teachers (three females; Mage = 23.5 years) who had completed the course. Interview data were coded using inductive and deductive thematic analysis. Results: Six main themes were identified reflecting benefits, challenges, and recommendations of flipped learning: (a) facilitate student-centered learning, (b) promote self-directed learning, (c) encourage real-world application, (d) insufficient avenues to assess understanding, (e) preclass preparation too time consuming, and (f) modification of materials and structure. Discussion/Conclusion: Flipped learning can potentially enhance preservice physical education teachers’ motivation for learning and increase active learning time in the sport-based courses in physical education teacher education. The identified challenges and recommendations are valuable for physical education teacher education educators to effectively prepare and execute flipped learning-based courses.
Some fixed point results for multi-valued mappings in metric-like and quasi metric-like spaces
Authors: Mohammadi Babak , Golkarmanesh Farhan , Ghoncheh Seyed Jalaleddin Hosseini , Parvaneh Vahid 
Published: November 2020

We establish the existence of fixed point for F-contractive multivalued mappings of Hardy–Rogers type in metric-like spaces. Then, we introduce a new notion called bilateral approximate fixed points for multivalued mappings and establish a common bilateral approximate fixed point result for two [Formula: see text]-dominated multivalued contractive mappings in the sense of [M. Arshad, Z. Kadelburgb, S. Radenovic, A. Shoaibe and S. Shukla, Filomat. 31(11) (2017) 3041–3056] on a closed ball of a K-sequentially complete quasi metric-like space. Finally, one can observe that the common bilateral approximate fixed point results coincide with common fixed point results, whenever we reduce the quasi metric-like spaces to metric-like spaces.
Dry Heat Among the Red Rocks: Risk Perceptions and Behavioral Responses to Extreme Heat Among Outdoor Recreationists in Southeastern Utah
Authors: Goldstein Kirsten , Howe Peter D. 
Published: November 2020

Understanding how people perceive the risks of extreme heat is an essential part of developing better risk communication strategies and ultimately reducing vulnerability to heat. This study analyzed how tourists perceive and respond to extreme heat while recreating on public lands in southeastern Utah, a hot and dry environment. An increasing number of tourists are visiting national parks in the southwestern United States, exposing more people to heat-related health risks. This investigation focuses on how geographic differences of origin and thermal perceptions are associated with risk perceptions of extreme heat, and how risk perceptions in turn are associated with protective behaviors. This study found that risk perceptions of extreme heat were not significantly associated with demographic differences or the geographic origin of respondents. This study did find that while visitors could accurately predict the air temperature, on average within 1.1∘C (2∘F) of the actual temperature, visitors’ risk perception of extreme heat did not increase as temperatures increased. This study also found that visitors with higher risk perceptions were more likely to have engaged in certain protective behaviors — such as checking the weather conditions before their hike — but not others, such as the amount of water they carried. By understanding how people perceive and respond to the hazard, we can better understand best practices for communicating the risks of extreme heat with the intent of saving lives. These results are intended to help tourist agencies, emergency and natural resource managers and planners, and policymakers in creating and improving communication strategies for extreme heat.
In Defense of Scientific Phenomenologies
Authors: Giorgi Amedeo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Empiricism had dominated scientific activities for about three centuries but beginning with the 20th Century a new philosophy, phenomenology, began to develop and certain scientists who conducted research with humans began to turn to phenomenology as the basis for their scientific work rather than empiricism. What was known as the Utrecht School in Holland just after World War II, psychologists at Duquesne University during mid-twentieth century, pedagogists in Canada at about the same time and nurses later in the twentieth century all began to base their research on phenomenological philosophical principles rather than on empiricism. Certain philosophers criticized the approach of these scientists and offered their own praxis based directly on phenomenological philosophy. However, one of the members of the Duquesne University’s group strongly criticized the evaluation of his approach by the philosophers and demonstrated the significant errors of their criticism. The psychologist then clarified his scientific phenomenological approach toward psychological phenomena and emphasized the role of the phenomenological epoche’ and reduction for Husserlian scientific phenomenology.
A Not So Harmless Drudge
Authors: van Heertum Cis 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article discusses the survival of Adriaen Koerbagh’s Bloemhof, a controversial work confidently claimed to be rare in bibliographies and in antiquarian booksellers’ catalogues. So far, more than 70 copies have been found worldwide, in libraries and in private collections. Contemporary annotations provide additional biographical information on Koerbagh’s arrest and imprisonment. The reception of Bloemhof in Dutch and—mainly—German bibliographies is also discussed in the article. An appendix with surviving copies has been added.
The Revival of Palestinian Christianity
Authors: Marteijn Elizabeth S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Palestinian Christians are a minority of approximately 1 or 2% in a context marked by conflict, expulsions, and ongoing emigration. Despite all this, Palestinian Christians have made a significant contribution to society in the spheres of politics, the arts, science, and social welfare. Moreover, from the 1980s onwards, this Palestinian context of struggle has also been the source for the emergence of a socially and politically committed contextual theology. This article analyses the development of Palestinian contextual theology by examining theological publications by Palestinian theologians. It identifies liberation, reconciliation, witness, ecumenism, and interfaith-dialogue as some of the dominant theological themes. What unites these publications is a theological engagement with the Palestinian Christian identity in the context of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Gazan Christians: Pilgrimage Permits, Migration, and the Exchange of Precarity
Authors: Schmitt Kenny 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study casts light on the dynamics driving Christian migration from the Gaza Strip and its consequences. By analyzing the historical background and institutionalization of Palestinian movement restrictions—specifically the pilgrimage permit regime—the article explores the temporal and spatial entanglements of pilgrimage, migration, and politics. Since 2007, deteriorating conditions have led Gazan Christians to use temporary pilgrimage permits as a pretext to permanently escape the Strip. The article argues that this migration is driven by the overwhelming precarity of Gazan Christians’ life circumstances, a precarity that includes temporal and spatial, political and economic, religious and personal insecurities. Further, those who escape do not find themselves in a better situation; they experience geographic isolation and communal fragmentation within the West Bank. The process of Gazan Christian migration is best understood as the mere exchange of precarity.
Why Church Leaders Discourage Christians from Leaving Jordan: An Anti-Emigration Perspective
Authors: Schouten Lucy 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Migration and refugee displacement are some of the most pressing issues facing the contemporary Middle East. Regional church leaders have cautioned against Christian emigration from ancient Middle Eastern churches to countries outside the Middle East; even Christian refugees who have already been displaced internally within the region are often discouraged from leaving. This article surveys some of the public statements that discourage Middle Eastern Christians from leaving the region, as presented from various denominational perspectives. Building on fieldwork conducted in Amman, Jordan, in 2018 and 2019, the article then argues that the attempts by Arab Anglican leaders in Jordan to dissuade church members from emigrating are based on a particular self-understanding of Middle Eastern Christianity that emphasizes an active, continuing Christian presence within the Middle East, as well as practices of unity among different Christian communities and longstanding coexistence with Muslim neighbors.
Oriental Orthodox Young Adults and Liturgical Participation: A Matter of Identity
Authors: Nasrallah Rima , Sonnenberg Ronelle 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This qualitative research on young adults of the Armenian Apostolic and Syriac Orthodox Churches in Lebanon considers why participation in liturgy aids the identity formation of youth in both communities. By participating in liturgical rituals, these young adults express identities which transcend the limited spaces they inhabit. These spaces are influenced by the minority context in Lebanon, as well as by traumatic historic experiences of both Armenians and Syriacs. Such spaces stimulate the youths’ appreciation for their ancient traditions and their strong connection to other members of their church communities, both past and present. Their sense of belonging is rooted in ancient languages and narratives, and in the embodied rituals that open Armenian and Syriac young people up to the divine dimension of liturgy in church and in daily life. We argue that, for the research population, engagement in the liturgy is a matter of identity.
Morocco from a Colonial to a Postcolonial Era
Authors: Alaoui Fatima Zahrae Chrifi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Women of color have long used the transformative power of writing and theorizing through their bodies to speak back to the pervasive racist and sexist hierarchies in hegemonic cultures. I extend this argument in the specific context of Muslim feminism that is theorized outside orientalist and patriarchal frames of reference. In this article, I turn to a performative autoethnographic approach to look at the Moroccan era, ‘Now and Then,’ through my grandmother’s lens, that of a Moroccan woman erased from the written history of Morocco. Drawing on ‘theories of the flesh,’ I privilege my grandmother’s voice and her embodied experience that transmits her story of resistance and survival under French colonization. Through ‘fleshing,’ my Moroccan grandmother reclaims her lived experiences and deconstructs the hegemonic universalist knowledge of feminism and struggle. It is important to foreground the political urgency of surveying the theoretical frameworks of Arab and Muslim scholars in order to create new ways of understanding communication in postcolonial/neocolonial settings.
Early Germanic *hanha- ‘horse’ and *hanhistaz / *hangistaz ‘stallion’
Authors: Mees Bernard 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Difficult etymologies in Germanic include that of *hanha- ‘horse’ and *hanhistaz / *hangistaz ‘stallion’. Reflections of the latter term are widely evidenced in the Old Germanic dialects while the former is attested onomastically on a late-fourth-century memorial from Burgundy and has also been claimed to be reflected in early runic epigraphy. Both terms appear to continue a remorphologised s-stem *hanhaz ~ *hangisō and have clear Celtic counterparts. The development in Germanic seems to reflect the prehistoric date of the loaning of the s-stem *hanhaz ~ *hangisō from Celtic.
Symbolic Significance of the Sword in the Hero’s Hand: Beowulf, The Nibelungenlied, El Poema de Mio Cid, Volsunga Saga, and Njál’s Saga
Authors: Classen Albrecht 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The medieval hero cannot be imagined without a significant sword. Swords often have names and a mysterious identity. Beowulf cannot kill Grendel’s mother with his own sword, but has to resort to some of the ancient weapons lying in her lair. In the Nibelungenlied, Siegfried’s sword gets into the hand of his nemesis, Hagen, after he has murdered him. Siegfried’s widow, Kriemhild, finally takes it from Hagen and decapitates him. This, however, means her own death. In the Old Spanish El Poema de Mio Cid, the protagonist conquers two most valuable swords, and he passes them on to his sons-in-law, although they prove to be unworthy of those gifts. In the final court trial, Rodrigo Diaz demands those two swords back from the villains, and he triumphs over them. Once he has the swords back in his possession, he can proceed and destroy his enemies in this trial. Swords are not simply weapons; they are synecdoches of the hero himself, and they have the power to sing before or during battle, which is often commented on in the Old Norse sagas. This article will examine how heroic poets treated the sword as a pars pro toto of the hero and hence as agents of superpower, exacting justice and providing honor.
Dutch houting, Danish helt ‘Coregonus ssp.’
Authors: Kroonen Guus 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This short etymological note presents the North Germanic cognates of the ichthyonym houting ‘Coregonus oxyrinchus’, which in the Dutch etymological literature on the word have remained unnoticed. It is argued on the basis of Danish helt and related forms that the Proto-(Northwest-)Germanic reconstruction of this word can be set to *halti-.
Implications of Grammaticalization for Language Change
Authors: Concu Valentina 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The emergence of the German double present and past perfect (hat vergessen gehabt ‘has forgotten had’; ist gefahren gewesen ‘is gone been’ – hatte vergessen gehabt ‘had forgotten had’; war gefahren gewesen ‘was gone been’) is still widely debated. Some scholars consider the development of these constructions a result of the decline of the Präteritum, whereas others claim that these were formed as a consequence of the loss of the aspectual system and the reconstruction process of the verbal categories. In this article, the author argues that the development of these constructions is the result of the grammaticalization of the Perfekt as a ‘commentary tense’ in the 14th Century. The increased frequency of the present perfect prompted the reanalysis of the past participles of haben (gehabt) and sein (gewesen), which began to appear alongside the present perfect, creating new periphrastic constructions, including the double present and past perfects.