bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facilitating fructose‐driven metabolism exerts a protective effect on anoxic stress in Drosophila
Authors: Kim H. , Kim M. , Kim M. S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHypoxic stress is linked to various cardiovascular disorders (e.g., stroke, myocardial infarction), mediated, at least in part, by a reduction in ATP synthesis. Fructose‐driven glycolysis is proposed as an alternative pathway capable of sustaining ATP production even under anoxic conditions. Here, we tested the hypothesis that facilitating fructose‐driven metabolism exerts a protective effect against anoxic stress in Drosophila. Genetically modified flies with the human fructose transporter (GluT5) and ketohexokinase (KHK) genes downstream of upstream activating sequence (UAS) were constructed. The GAL4‐UAS system was confirmed to: (i) increase the expression of GluT5 and KHK in a tissue‐specific and a time‐dependent manner (i.e., whole flies [with Act5c‐gene switch GAL4 driver], neurons [with elav‐gene switch GAL4 driver]) and (ii) reduce mortality of flies when placed under anoxic stress. Taken together, these data suggest that increasing fructose metabolism may be a clinically relevant approach to minimize hypoxia‐induced cellular damage.
Switching from long‐acting beta‐agonist and inhaled corticosteroid to long‐acting beta‐agonist and long‐acting muscarinic antagonist for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a case report of inhaled corticosteroid withdrawal
Authors: Lam Jamie Chung Mei 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a medical condition characterised by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. For the long‐term management of COPD, inhaled therapies are the main approach to maintenance treatment. In order to improve treatment efficacy and tolerability for patients with COPD, recent clinical trials have focused on the withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs), the use of which has been associated with adverse outcomes, including pneumonia. In this case report, a patient with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease grade 3 COPD was switched from a combined inhaled therapy of a long‐acting beta‐agonist (LABA) and ICS to a combination of a LABA and a long‐acting muscarinic antagonist (tiotropium/olodaterol) during hospitalisation for an acute exacerbation of COPD in April 2016. He was subsequently maintained in a stable condition, and was able to live and travel independently. This case report of successful ICS withdrawal suggests that, for moderate‐to‐severe COPD, if it is assessed individually, dual therapy of LABA and long‐acting muscarinic antagonist can be highly effective and well‐tolerated. Treatment compliance and lifestyle modifications have been shown to be critical in optimising treatment outcomes.
Real‐world outcomes for neoadjuvant capecitabine versus infusional 5‐fluorouracil in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Loft Matthew , Wong Hui‐Li , Kosmider Suzanne , Lee Margaret , Tie Jeanne , Wong Rachel , Jones Ian T. , Croxford Matthew , Steel Malcolm , Faragher Ian , Guerrieri Mario , Christie Michael , Gibbs Peter 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundNeoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy is standard‐of‐care treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). A pathological complete response (pCR) following chemoradiation therapy is an early indicator of treatment benefit and associated with excellent survival outcomes, with capecitabine largely replacing infusional 5‐fluorouracil as the choice in routine care of LARC.AimsTo analyse the uptake of capecitabine usage over time, and on the back of clinical trial data demonstrating equivalence between fluoropyrimidines, confirm that efficacy is maintained in the real‐world setting.MethodsWe analysed data from a prospectively maintained colorectal cancer database at three Australian hospitals including patients diagnosed from January 2009 to December 2018. Pathological response was determined as either complete or incomplete and compared for patients receiving 5‐FU or capecitabine.ResultsA total of 657 patients was analysed, 498 receiving infusional 5‐FU and 159 capecitabine. Capecitabine use has markedly increased from approval in 2014 in Australia, now being used in more than 80% of patients. Patient characteristics were similar by treatment, including age, tumour location and pre‐treatment stage. pCR was reported in 22/159 (13.8%) of capecitabine‐treated patients and 118/380 (23.7%) that received 5‐FU (P ≤ 0.01). More capecitabine‐treated patients received post‐operative oxaliplatin (44.2% vs 6.3%, P < 0.01). Two‐year progression‐free survival was similar (84.9% vs 88.0%, P = 0.34).ConclusionsCapecitabine is now the dominantly used neoadjuvant chemotherapy in LARC. Capecitabine use was associated with a lower rate of pCR versus infusional 5‐FU, a difference not explained by examined patient or tumour characteristics. Poor treatment compliance with oral therapy in the real‐world setting is one possible explanation.
Implications of cellular metabolism for immune cell migration
Authors: Guak Hannah , Krawczyk Connie.M. 
Published: September 2020

SummaryCell migration is an essential, energetically demanding process in immunity. Immune cells navigate the body via chemokines and other immune mediators, which are altered under inflammatory conditions of injury or infection. Several factors determine the migratory abilities of different types of immune cells in diverse contexts, including the precise co‐ordination of cytoskeletal remodelling, the expression of specific chemokine receptors and integrins, and environmental conditions. In this review, we present an overview of recent advances in our understanding of the relationship of each of these factors with cellular metabolism, with a focus on the spatial organization of glycolysis and mitochondria, reciprocal regulation of chemokine receptors and the influence of environmental changes.
Monetary policy through exchange rate pegs: The removal of the Swiss franc‐Euro floor and stock price reactions
Authors: von Schweinitz Gregor , Tonzer Lena , Buchholz Manuel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Swiss National Bank abolished the exchange rate floor versus the Euro in January 2015. Using a synthetic matching framework, we analyze the impact of this unexpected (and therefore exogenous) policy change on the stock market. The results reveal a significant level shift (decline) in asset prices following the discontinuation of the minimum exchange rate. As a novel finding in the literature, we document that the exchange‐rate elasticity of Swiss asset prices is around −0.75. Differentiating between sectors of the Swiss economy, we find that the industrial, financial and consumer goods sectors are most strongly affected by the abolition of the minimum exchange rate.
Pathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019 for wound care professionals
Authors: Al‐Benna Sammy 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThere is pressing urgency to understand the pathogenesis of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) which causes Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The tissue tropism of SARS‐CoV‐2 includes not only the lung but also the vascular and integumentary systems. Angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) appears to be the key functional receptor for the virus. There is a prominent innate immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, including inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, the complement system, and acute phase proteins. The pathophysiologic significance of SARS‐COV‐2 and host immune system interaction, and COVID‐19‐associated coagulopathy instigating microvascular injury syndrome mediated by activation of complement pathways, and an associated procoagulant state is important for wound care professionals to understand.
Bridging Sustainability and Finance: The Value Driver Adjustment Approach
Authors: Schramade Willem 
Published: September 2020

Even though most large corporations view sustainability considerations and concerns as having the potential to affect their revenue and profits, and studies have shown that sustainability can affect stock returns, investors and corporate managers continue to struggle to incorporate such concerns into their financial decision‐making. As a consequence, the valuation effects of sustainability issues are not fully reflected in either the valuation of companies by investors or in capital investment decisions by corporate managers.The author argues that sustainability can be integrated into both of these kinds of financial decision‐making by linking it to business models, competitive positions, and value drivers using what the author calls a “value‐driver adjustment” (VDA) approach. The basic idea is simple: material sustainability issues affect business models and competitive positions, which in turn affect the company's value drivers—notably, sales, margins, and capital. The VDA approach explicitly considers these linkages by taking three steps: (1) identifying a company's material sustainability issues; (2) analyzing how these issues are expected to affect the company's business model and competitive position; and (3) quantifying the effects of such changes in business model and competitive position on the company's value drivers, including its cost of capital.In the first part of the article, the author provides an investor perspective that shows how sustainability can be integrated into investment decisions by asset managers. There he explains how and why ESG integration has so far failed to become mainstream, and what needs to be done to make it successful. The second part of this article takes the corporate perspective and shows how sustainability can be linked to value drivers using much the same ingredients as in asset management, but slightly different tools that can help corporate managers incorporate sustainability concerns into strategy and operations, including the finance function. And in closing, the author brings together corporate and investor perspectives while showing how sustainability programs can be used to make the relationship between companies and their shareholders both stronger and longer‐lasting.
Comparison of Sport Competitive Anxiety Levels of Flemish athletes with and without intellectual disability
Authors: Van Biesen Debbie , Marin‐Urquiza Adriana , McCulloch Katina , Van Damme Tine 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundHigh anxiety levels are common in people with intellectual disabilities (ID) and anxiety can affect sport performance, but sport competitive anxiety profiles in athletes with ID are unknown.MethodsA total of 303 athletes; 116 with ID (33% female, M age = 22.64, SD = 3.94), and 187 without ID (54% female, M age = 21.81, SD = 3.23), completed the modified questionnaire Sport Anxiety Scale‐2‐FLemish‐ID (SAS‐2‐FL‐ID).ResultsThe SAS‐2‐FL‐ID was a valid tool to use in a population of athletes with ID. They had higher trait anxiety (9.36 ± 2.62) than peers without ID (7.58 ± 2.44), F = 26.95, p<.001. With respect to sport anxiety, they only scored higher on the “concentration disruption” subscale. Their overall level of competitive anxiety across all subscales (24.14 ± 7.73) was significantly lower compared to athletes without ID (26.51 ± 7.49), F = 27.10, p<.001.ConclusionOn the sporting field, athletes with ID worry less and feel less somatic anxiety compared to athletes without ID.
Reproducibility of clinical late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging in detecting left atrial scar after atrial fibrillation ablation
Authors: Kamali Roya , Schroeder Joyce , DiBella Edward , Steinberg Benjamin , Han Frederick , Dosdall Derek J. , Macleod Rob S. , Ranjan Ravi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionLate gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to detect postablation atrial scar (PAAS) but its reproducibility and reliability in clinical scans across different magnetic flux densities and scar detection methods are unknown.MethodsPatients (n = 45) having undergone two consecutive MRIs (3 months apart) on 3T and 1.5T scanners were studied. We compared PAAS detection reproducibility using four methods of thresholding: simple thresholding, Otsu thresholding, 3.3 standard deviations (SD) above blood pool (BP) mean intensity, and image intensity ratio (IIR). We performed a texture study by dividing the left atrial wall intensity histogram into deciles and evaluated the correlation of the same decile of the two scans as well as to a randomized distribution of intensities, quantified using Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC).ResultsThe choice of scanner did not significantly affect the reproducibility. The scar detection performed by Otsu thresholding (DSC of 71.26 ± 8.34) resulted in a better correlation of the two scans compared with the methods of 3.3 SD above BP mean intensity (DSC of 57.78 ± 21.2, p < .001) and IIR above 1.61 (DSC of 45.76 ± 29.55, p <.001). Texture analysis showed that correlation only for voxels with intensities in deciles above the 70th percentile of wall intensity histogram was better than random distribution (p < .001).ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that clinical LGE‐MRI can be reliably used for visualizing PAAS across different magnetic flux densities if the threshold is greater than 70th percentile of the wall intensity distribution. Also, atrial wall‐based thresholding is better than BP‐based thresholding for reproducible PAAS detection.
Wide pulse pressure: A clinical review
Authors: Tang Kevin S. , Medeiros Edward D. , Shah Ankur D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPulse pressure naturally increases over time as individuals’ age due to arteriosclerosis and diffuse vascular stiffening. However, the differential for widened pulse pressure is broad and includes causes of hyperdynamic circulation and high‐output heart failure, such as aortic regurgitation and hyperthyroidism. In the absence of an underlying cause, wide pulse pressure is a sign of deteriorating cardiovascular health and carries increased risk for mortality, disease progression, and adverse clinical outcomes in chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. Current emphasis of antihypertensive treatment on systolic and diastolic blood pressure does not always address pulse pressure, thus subjecting many patients to an independent risk factor for poor outcomes. Pulse pressure control is more successfully achieved with thiazide diuretics and long‐acting nitrates when compared to other antihypertensive agents, but further research is needed to quantify the additional benefits of pulse pressure control over conventional blood pressure therapy. This case review provides an overview of the pathogenesis, pathologic causes, and treatment of widened pulse pressure and evaluates current evidence for pulse pressure as a predictor of clinical outcomes.
LncRNA HOXA‐AS3 promotes the malignancy of glioblastoma through regulating miR‐455‐5p/USP3 axis
Authors: Chen Wanghao , Li Qiaoyu , Zhang Guilong , Wang Hong , Zhu Zhihan , Chen Lukui 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOur objective was to determine the molecular mechanisms by which lncRNA HOXA‐AS3 regulates the biological behaviour of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). We used an lncRNA microarray assay to identify GBM‐related lncRNA expression profiles. Qrt‐PCR was used to survey the levels of expression of long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) HOXA‐AS3 and the target gene. Dual‐luciferase reporter assays were used to investigate the interaction of lncRNA HOXA‐AS3, the target gene and miRNA. Western blot analysis was used to examine the expression of USP3 and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) genes. The MTT assay, transwell assay and wound healing assay were used to analyse the effects of lncRNA HOXA‐AS3 on GBM cell viability, mobility and invasiveness, respectively. Our results showed that lncRNA HOXA‐AS3 was significantly up‐regulated in GBM cells and could promote GBM cell proliferation, invasion and migration in vitro and in vivo. HOXA‐AS was found to be associated with poor survival prognosis in glioma patients. The dual‐luciferase reporter assay also revealed that lncRNA HOXA‐AS3 acts as a mir‐455‐5p sponge by up‐regulating USP3 expression to promote GBM progression. Western blot analysis showed that lncRNA HOXA‐AS3 could up‐regulate EMT‐related gene expression in GBM. Experiments showed mir‐455‐5p could rescue the effect of lncRNA HOXA‐AS3 on cell proliferation and invasion. The newly identified HOXA‐AS3/mir‐455‐5p/USP3 pathway offers important clues to understanding the key mechanisms underlying the action of lncRNA HOXA‐AS3 in glioblastoma.
LINC00470 promotes tumour proliferation and invasion, and attenuates chemosensitivity through the LINC00470/miR‐134/Myc/ABCC1 axis in glioma
Authors: Wu Changwu , Su Jun , Long Wenyong , Qin Chaoying , Wang Xiangyu , Xiao Kai , Li Yang , Xiao Qun , Wang Junquan , Pan Yimin , Liu Qing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGlioma is the most common primary malignant tumour in the brain; temozolomide (TMZ) is the most prevalent chemotherapeutic drug currently used to combat this cancer. We reported previously that the long intergenic non‐protein coding RNA 470 (LINC00470) is a novel prognostic biomarker for glioma and promotes the tumour growth in an intracranial transplantation mouse model. However, the effects of LINC00470 on glioma cell proliferation, invasion and TMZ chemosensitivity, as well as its molecular mechanism, remain unclear. In this study, we found elevated expression levels of LINC00470 and MYC in glioma tissues and cells and decreased expression of microRNA‐134 (miR‐134). Functional studies have shown that LINC00470 promotes proliferation and invasion, and attenuates chemosensitivity of glioma cells, while miR‐134 exerts the opposite effect. In the rescue experiments, the tumorigenic effect of LINC00470 was offset by miR‐134. In the mechanism study, we found that LINC00470 was a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR‐134 and that miR‐134 can directly target MYC and negatively regulate its expression. Furthermore, MYC was positively correlated with ATP‐binding cassette subfamily C member 1 (ABCC1) expression in glioma cells and MYC up‐regulated ABCC1 expression. Further studies found that LINC00470 regulated MYC by sponging miR‐134 to regulate the expression of ABCC1. We concluded that LINC00470 promoted the expression of MYC and ABCC1 by suppressing miR‐134, thus promoting glioma cell proliferation and invasion, and attenuating TMZ chemosensitivity. Moreover, the LINC00470/miR‐134/MYC/ABCC1 axis constitutes a potential therapeutic target.
Patients’ perspective on current treatments and demand for novel treatments in vitiligo
Authors: Narayan V.S. , Uitentuis S.E. , Luiten R.M. , Bekkenk M.W. , Wolkerstorfer A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe treatment of non‐segmental vitiligo (NSV) remains a challenge. Current treatments often achieve suboptimal clinical results. To improve these treatment results, several new therapies are being developed and investigated. There is, however, little evidence on the actual need for novel therapies.ObjectiveTo assess patients’ perspective on current and novel therapies for vitiligo.MethodsA prospective questionnaire study was conducted in a large cohort of vitiligo patients that consecutively visited the outpatient clinic of the Amsterdam University Medical Centre between April 2017 and January 2019. Patients were requested to fill in a digital questionnaire on patient characteristics, disease burden, quality of life, efficacy and satisfaction of current treatments and aspects regarding new treatments.ResultsA total of 325 vitiligo patients completed the questionnaire (60% response rate). Of the respondents, 94% believed that new and improved treatments are needed and 86% would be willing to participate in clinical trials investigating a new therapy. Sixty‐nine per cent would agree on taking weekly injections if it led to effective treatment results. Of the patients that had received therapy before, 49% reported that the current treatments were not effective and 50% was not satisfied with the current treatments. Sixty‐seven per cent of the patients experienced facial lesions as an extreme burden, whereas this was, 25%, 12% and 10% for lesions on the hands, trunk and feet, respectively. The emotional burden score was significantly higher in dark skin types compared with light skin types (respectively, 8 vs 5, U P < 0.05).ConclusionThere is a substantial need for new vitiligo therapies. A considerable number of patients in our study are dissatisfied with current treatments and are emotionally burdened by the disease. Moreover, the vast majority demands novel treatments and is willing to participate in clinical trials.
Novel bendable abutments as a solution to correct unfavorable implant inclination. A clinical report
Authors: Carpena Augusto Luis Mendes de Mattos , de Azevedo Kinalski Mateus , Bergoli César Dalmolin , dos Santos Mateus Bertolini Fernandes 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis clinical case report describes a novel bendable abutment as a prosthetic solution for implants presenting with an unfavorable inclination.Clinical considerationsA metal‐ceramic screw‐retained single crown was made on this novel bendable abutment in a patient presenting with a pronounced buccal inclination of an implant. A plastic reference guide is used to define the correct inclination and then this inclination is transferred to the abutment using a specific bending device at the same appointment.ConclusionsBendable abutments can be used as a solution to correct unfavorable implant inclinations. This abutment can be customized at the same appointment considering a case‐specific inclination rather than conventional pre‐angled abutments.Clinical significanceBendable abutments can be customized according to each case specificities while conventional pre‐angled abutments may not be adequate for all patients. Also, the abutment customization could be easily done by dentists at their own practices using a specific bending device with hand pressure only, saving time, and the need to order pre‐angled abutments or having it in stock.
Yellow‐eyed piranhas produce louder sounds than red‐eyed piranhas in an invasive population of Serrasalmus marginatus
Authors: Raick Xavier , Huby Alessia , Kurchevski Gregório , Godinho Alexandre L. , Parmentier Éric 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSerrasalmus marginatus is a piranha species native from the lower Paraná River basin and has been invasive in the upper Paraná River basin since the 1980s. In piranhas, sounds of different species have different features. The aim of this study was to investigate if the sounds produced by this species could be used to distinguish two morphotypes: red‐ and yellow‐eyed S. marginatus from the Araguari River (upper Paraná River basin). All the temporal and frequency features of the sounds were equivalent in both groups of eye colour; it corresponds to the species‐specific signature described for S. marginatus. Nonetheless, the amplitude features were all statistically different between red‐ and yellow‐eyed piranhas. Yellow‐eyed specimens produced louder sounds. In different fish species, colour change in eyes can be due to the absence or the presence of a dominant allele. It can also be involved in social rank or during reproduction. Different hormones and neuropeptides can modulate vocal features. It is hypothesized that a mutation or different hormonal concentrations could explain both sound amplitude and eye colour playing a role in animal communication in S. marginatus.