bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Both Traditional and Stair Climbing–based HIIT Cardiac Rehabilitation Induce Beneficial Muscle Adaptations
Authors: LIM CHANGHYUN , DUNFORD EMILY C. , VALENTINO SYDNEY E. , OIKAWA SARA Y. , MCGLORY CHRIS , BAKER STEVE K. , MACDONALD MAUREEN J. , PHILLIPS STUART M. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
There is a lack of knowledge as to how different exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programming affects skeletal muscle adaptations in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. We first characterized the skeletal muscle from adults with CAD compared with a group of age- and sex-matched healthy adults. We then determined the effects of a traditional moderate-intensity continuous exercise program (TRAD) or a stair climbing–based high-intensity interval training program (STAIR) on skeletal muscle metabolism in CAD.

Methods
Sixteen adults (n = 16, 61 ± 7 yr), who had undergone recent treatment for CAD, were randomized to perform (3 d·wk−1) either TRAD (n = 7, 30 min at 60%–80% of peak heart rate) or STAIR (n = 9, 3 × 6 flights) for 12 wk. Muscle biopsies were collected at baseline in both CAD and healthy controls (n = 9), and at 4 and 12 wk after exercise training in CAD patients undertaking TRAD or STAIR.

Results
We found that CAD had a lower capillary-to-fiber ratio (C/Fi, 35% ± 25%, P = 0.06) and capillary-to-fiber perimeter exchange (CFPE) index (23% ± 29%, P = 0.034) in Type II fibers compared with healthy controls. However, 12 wk of cardiac rehabilitation with either TRAD or STAIR increased C/Fi (Type II, 23% ± 14%, P < 0.001) and CFPE (Type I, 10% ± 23%, P < 0.01; Type II, 18% ± 22%, P = 0.002).

Conclusion
Cardiac rehabilitation via TRAD or STAIR exercise training improved the compromised skeletal muscle microvascular phenotype observed in CAD patients.
Sit-to-stand tests in patients hospitalised for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation: association with pulmonary function tests and risk of future exacerbations
Authors: Kakavas Sotirios , Papanikolaou Aggeliki , Kompogiorgas Steven , Stavrinoudakis Eleftherios , Balis Evangelos , Bulbasakos Georgios 
Published: December 2020

Background/AimsThe sit-to-stand test is a quick and cost-effective measure of exercise tolerance and lower body strength. The literature focuses on its use in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This study in patients hospitalised for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation aimed to investigate possible associations of the sit-to-stand test with pulmonary function and risk of future acute exacerbations.MethodsThis study was conducted on a sample of 22 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Participants' clinical details were recorded before they undertook spirometry, 30-second and five-repetition sit-to-stand tests. Participants were assessed via a structured telephone interview for the occurrence of acute exacerbation events in the 12 months following discharge.ResultsPatients were classified based on the presence or absence of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease over 12 months. A negative correlation was observed between five-repetition sit-to-stand test performance time and number of repetitions during the 30-second sit-to-stand test; longer sit-to-stand times and fewer repetitions were observed in patients who experienced exacerbations during follow up. The 30-second sit-to-stand test repetitions correlated positively with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). Five-repetition sit-to-stand test performance correlated negatively with FEV1, FEV1% predicted, forced vital capacity and FEV1/forced vital capacity ratio. From the various exercise parameters, five-repetition sit-to-stand test performance time demonstrated a moderate ability to predict exacerbations.ConclusionsThis study is the first to focus on the use of the sit-to-stand tests in inpatients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. There was a significant correlation between the 30-second sit-to-stand test and five-repetition sit-to-stand test results. Both tests were associated with pulmonary function indices and risk of future chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations.
The effectiveness of a robotic tilt table on the muscle strength and quality of life in individuals following stroke: a randomised control trial
Authors: Kumar Suraj , Yadav Ramakant , Afrin Aafreen 
Published: December 2020

Background/AimsStroke is a common, serious and disabling condition. There is a need for early rehabilitation to cut the long-term ill effects of stroke and to maximise functional recovery. This study aimed to assess the effect of Erigo tilt table training on muscle strength and quality of life in individuals who have survived a stroke.MethodsA total of 133 patients were recruited and randomly assigned to receive conventional physiotherapy (group A) or Erigo tilt table training (group B). Both groups underwent an intervention programme lasting 30 days. Quality of life and muscle strength were assessed at baseline (day 0), at the end of the intervention (day 30) and at follow up (day 90).ResultsOverall, 110 patients completed the study: 55 in group A and 55 in group B. Quality of life and muscle strength significantly improved between baseline and follow up with both interventions. Group A's quality of life and upper and lower muscle strength scores increased from 75, 0.57 and 1.0 at baseline to 89, 3.0 and 3.5 at follow up, respectively; while group B's scores increased from 75, 1.35 and 1.43 at baseline to 102, 3.0 and 3.64 at follow up. The Erigo tilt table resulted in significantly greater improvements than conventional physiotherapy (P<0.01).ConclusionsThe Erigo tilt-table could be valuable tool in the early rehabilitation of patients with acute hemiplegia as it improves muscle strength and quality of life to a greater extent than conventional physiotherapy.
Evaluating functional change using the Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale in acute paediatric neurorehabilitation
Authors: Young David K , Starace Helen E , Boddy Hannah I , Connolly Keira MD , Lock Kieren J , Hamilton Colin RE 
Published: December 2020

Background/Aims Childhood acquired brain injury is the leading cause of death and long-term disability among children and young people in the UK. Following a childhood brain injury, function is shown to improve within a specialist neurorehabilitation setting. Little evidence currently exists to demonstrate gross motor functional change within an acute hospital setting. The Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale is a valid and reliable outcome measure for use within inpatient paediatric neurorehabilitation following brain injury. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate how the gross motor function of paediatric patients with a new acquired brain injury changes during an acute hospital admission. Methods Data were collected for all patients admitted as an inpatient to one acute hospital over a 12-month period. The Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale was completed at baseline, at least weekly and again at discharge. Views relating to the utility of the Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale were sought among physiotherapists using the measure in order to inform acceptability. Results A total of 28 patients were included in this study. A Wilcoxon signed rank test was performed, which showed a highly significant improvement in function as scored on the Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale between baseline assessment (median 29.00, interquartile range 25.00–35.50) and discharge (median 85.00, interquartile range 75.00–95.00, Z=-4.624, P<0.001). A total of five patients (17.86%) were referred on for specialist residential neurorehabilitation. A post hoc analysis found that the rate of change of the Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale appeared to have an impact on final discharge destination, with slow improvers 18.60 times more likely to require specialist rehabilitation than others. The Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale was found to be acceptable among physiotherapists using it. Conclusions Children with a new acquired brain injury make significant improvements in gross motor function during a period of acute inpatient neurorehabilitation. Further work should look to refine the measure and gain a full understanding of its clinical utilities.
Fortificación con fibra dietética como estrategia para aumentar la saciedad: ensayo aleatorizado doble ciego controlado
Authors: Pino Villalón José Luis , Rojas Muñoz Marianela , Orellana Saez Bárbara , Torres Mejías Jorge 
Published: December 2020

Introducción: Se ha descrito que las fibras dietéticas (FD) podrían tener efectos favorables en el control de sentimientos subjetivos relacionados a sensaciones postprandiales de apetito y saciedad, propiedad que en el contexto epidemiológico actual podrían ser beneficiosos. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto agudo de 3 tipos de FD sobre la percepción subjetiva de sensaciones postprandiales. Material y métodos: Estudio randomizado, doble ciego, controlado, cruzado. 21 sujetos sanos con índice de masa corporal entre 18.5-24.9 Kg/m2, fueron asignados aleatoriamente para consumir 4 desayunos separados por a lo menos 2 días. Los desayunos fueron fortificados con 3 g de: β-glucano de avena (BETA), pectinas de manzana (PECT), celulosa microcristalina (CELL) y maltodextrina como control (MALT). Los sentimientos subjetivos postprandiales se determinaron con una Encuesta Visual Análoga (EVA) antes del desayuno y a los 15, 30, 60, 90 y 120 min. Resultados: En análisis de varianzas (ANOVA) mostró una diferencia significativa a los 15 minutos (p<0,05) en la percepción de saciedad subjetiva de los desayunos fortificados con pectina de manzana versus β-glucano de avena. β-glucano de avena produjo el menor efecto en la saciedad subjetiva (p<0,05). Un ANOVA de medidas repetidas no mostró efectos de los tipos de fibras adicionadas a los desayunos en el sentimiento subjetivo de apetito. Conclusiones: Las pectinas de manzana parecen ser más efectiva que otros tipos de FD para aumentar la percepción subjetiva de saciedad y disminuir el apetito, especialmente en el periodo postprandial temprano.
Arquivos e Produção de Conhecimentos Históricos e Educacionais na Contemporaneidade:
Authors: Koyama Adriana Carvalho , De Carvalho Cunha Nara Rúbia , Tito Tolentino Thiago Lenine 
Published: December 2020

Adriana Carvalho Koyama é professora, historiadora, arquivista e pesquisadora em educação, com uma rica experiência profissional em diversos setores: gestão e educação em arquivos, gestão escolar, docência na educação básica e no ensino superior e pesquisa. Reunindo um sólido e diversificado arcabouço teórico-metodológico, ela vem tematizando o arquivo enquanto espaço de memória e elemento de produção de conhecimentos históricos e educacionais nas diversas frentes em que se desdobra sua trajetória profissional. Este texto foi produzido a partir de um conjunto de questões elaboradas pelos organizadores do dossiê temático Arquivos: teoria e ensino em diálogo com diferentes públicos e gentilmente respondidas pela professora Adriana Carvalho Koyama. O ponto de partida foi sua densa pesquisa sobre sites de arquivos públicos do Brasil e de outros países da Europa e América do Norte, na qual problematiza a produção de conhecimentos histórico-educacionais na interface com arquivos no universo virtual.
Palavras-chave: Arquivo. História. Conhecimento. Educação.
Reflexões iniciais sobre a terminologia designativa de área e subáreas do Português para Falantes de Outras Línguas
Authors: Lisboa Joel Victor Reis 
Published: December 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo traçar reflexões iniciais sobre a terminologia designativa da área e de potenciais subáreas de atuação do Português para Falantes de Outras Línguas (PFOL), a partir de dados oriundos de um estudo exploratório realizado. Nossos posicionamentos e reflexões de ordem teórica estão embasados pela Terminologia (CABRÉ, 1999; FREIXA, 2002; KRIEGER; FINATTO, 2004; FERNÁNDEZ-SILVA, 2011, dentre outros), ao passo que a Linguística de Corpus foi utilizada como metodologia para obtenção e análise de dados. Por meio deste estudo exploratório, identificamos uma diversidade de unidades fraseológicas especializadas utilizadas como designadoras da área e de possíveis subáreas do PFOL, bem como verificamos uma alta variação terminológica (formal e conceitual). Os dados e reflexões apresentados neste artigo indicam tópicos a serem investigados ou desenvolvidos em futuras pesquisas sobre a terminologia designativa do PFOL, como a realização de uma padronização terminológica formal e conceitual, a sistematização da árvore de domínio da área, a investigação das motivações das variações formais e conceituais, bem como a análise das consequências conceituais da variação formal e as consequências formais da variação conceitual no escopo do PFOL.
Inventing Surnames A case study of Tabgach identity construction
Authors: Hao Chen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Tabgach, as a non-Chinese tribe, ruled North China from the end of 4th century to the middle of 6th century. Through a series of social reforms, Emperor Xiaowen depicted himself as a typical Chinese emperor rather than as a kaghan over the steppe people. One of the reforms he und ertook was a reform of Tabgach surnames. The Tabgach people used Chinese characters to transcribe their proper names. As Chinese characters are single-syllabic, sometimes they had to use several Chinese characters to transcribe a single Tabgach proper name. The multi-character Tabgach surnames sounded exotic to the Chinese people. In order to be accepted by Chinese society, they changed these sophisticated multi-character surnames into simple and traditional Chinese surnames. This paper is going to discuss the methods used by the reform committee in inventing Tabgach surnames.
Studies on a Fragment of the Old Uighur Abhidharmakośabhāṣya Preserved at the National Library of China
Authors: Mirkamal Aydar 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the author presents a fragment of a translation of the Abidharmakośabhāṣya into Old Uighur preserved at the National Library of China, Beijing. This leaf can be connected to the Abidharmakośabhāṣya fragments preserved at the Ethnographic Museum in Stockholm and studied by Shōgaito Masahiro. Through an examination of the size, form, handwriting, etc., we conclude that all the Abidharmakośabhāṣya texts preserved in Stockholm, Kyoto, Beijing, Lanzhou, and Hangzhou belong to one and the same manuscript.
Empress Dowagers on Horseback: Yingtian and Chengtian of the Khitan Liao (907–1125)
Authors: Hang Lin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUnlike their Han Chinese counterparts who were mainly sequestered to the inner quarters, many imperial Khitan women of the Liao 遼 (907–1125) were not only active in state aﬀairs, but they even rode astride and led their own armies to ﬁght on battleﬁeld. This article aims to investigate the lives and political careers of Empress Dowagers Yingtian and Chengtian, who ruled the empire as de facto sovereigns on behalf of their husbands and sons for over ﬁfty years, by focusing particularly on how they proved themselves as capable horsewomen and what strategies have they employed in order to gain access to power and to accomplish their ambitions. Such warrior women, exercising leadership and exhibiting personal bravery, drew their strength from their Inner Asian steppe traditions and therefore established themselves as another type of queenship in Chinese history.
On some sources of Sagang Sechen’s Teachings (1662)
Authors: Kara György 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNine of the seventy-nine alliterative quatrains of Sagang Sechen’s great gnomic poem are revisited, their possible literary sources suggested, their interpretation revised. Seven of them go back, entirely or partially, to Sa-skya Paṇḍita’s Subhāṣitaratnanidhi, one to the Janapoṣanabindhu, one of Nāgārjuna’s nītiśāstras, and one uses a comparison known from the Secret History. Parallels are quoted from Sonom Gara’s and the Oirat Zaya Paṇḍita’s prose translations of the Subhāṣitaratnanidhi. Also discussed are the rare word küčigei and the possible identity of Sonom Gara and Suonanqilo.
Not by Firkowicz’s Fault: Daniel Chwolson’s Comic Blunders in Research of Hebrew Epigraphy of the Crimea and Caucasus, and their Impact on Jewish Studies in Russia
Authors: Nosonovsky Michael , Shapira Dan , Vasyutinsky-Shapira Daria 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDaniel Chwolson (1819–1911) made a huge impact upon the research of Hebrew epigraphy from the Crimea and Caucasus. Despite that, his role in the more-than-a-century-long controversy regarding Crimean Hebrew tomb inscriptions has not been well studied. Chwolson, at ﬁrst, adopted Abraham Firkowicz’s forgeries, and then quickly realized his mistake; however, he could not back up. Th e criticism by both Abraham Harkavy and German Hebraists questioned Chwolson’s scholarly qualiﬁcations and integrity. Consequently, the interference of political pressure into the academic argument resulted in the prevailing of the scholarly ﬂawed opinion. We revisit the interpretation of these ﬁndings by Russian, Jewish, Karaite and Georgian historians in the 19th and 20th centuries. During the Soviet period, Jewish Studies in the USSR were in neglect and nobody seriously studied the whole complex of the inscriptions from the South of Russia / the Soviet Union. The remnants of the scholarly community were hypnotized by Chwolson’s authority, who was the teacher of their teachers’ teachers. At the same time, Western scholars did not have access to these materials and/or lacked the understanding of the broader context, and thus a number of erroneous Chwolson’s conclusion have entered academic literature for decades.
Relationship between serum hepcidin levels and cardiovascular disease in patients with maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Xu Y. , Wang Y. , Hu H. , Li J. , Tian T. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the serum level of hepcidin and its relationship with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.MethodsBlood was obtained from 75 MHD patients before undergoing hemodialysis and 20 healthy controls. Serum hepcidin, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and interleukin (IL)-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Spearman correlation, and binary logistic regression linear regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between serum hepcidin and other parameters.ResultsThe serum level of hepcidin, AOPP and IL-6 was significantly up-regulated in MHD patients compared with the control (P< 0.05). Furthermore, serum hepcidin levels in patients with CVD were higher than those in patients without CVD (P< 0.05). In all MHD patients, serum hepcidin level was correlated positively with erythropoietin (EPO) dose per week (ρ= 0.251,P= 0.030), EPO resistance index (ρ= 0.268,P= 0.020), ferritin (ρ= 0.814,P< 0.001), transferin saturation (TSAT,ρ= 0.263,P= 0.023), AOPP (ρ= 0.280,P= 0.049), high sensitive C reactive protein (ρ= 0.151,P= 0.006), IL-6 (ρ= 0.340,P= 0.003) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI,ρ= 0.290,P= 0.033). Moreover, it was negatively correlated with serum pre-albumin (ρ= −0.266,P= 0.021), total iron-binding capacity (TIBC,ρ= −0.458,P< 0.001), unsaturated iron-binding capacity (UIBC,ρ= −0.473,P< 0.001) and transferrin (ρ= −0.487,P< 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that ferritin (β= 0.708,P< 0.001), TIBC (β= −0.246,P= 0.032) and IL-6 (β= 0.209,P= 0.041) were independently associated with hepcidin. Results of binary logistic regression analysis suggested that higher serum hepcidin level (>249.2 ng/mL) was positively and independently related to CVD (OR = 1.32, 95% CI [1.20–9.56],P= 0.043).ConclusionsSerum hepcidin level is associated with CVD in MHD patients, indicating that hepcidin may be a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for CVD.
Izotopii generatoare de clișee jurnalistice în contextul pandemiei de Covid-19: „patologii la modă” sau „cuvinte-oglindă” ale realității psihosociale?
Authors: Stroia Armanda Ramona 
Published: December 2020

Demersul investigativ de față propune o „cartografiere” a izotopiilor dominante generatoare de clișee lingvistice, în contexul mediatizării intense a pandemiei actuale de Covid-19. Analiza automatismelor lingvistice extrase din discursul jurnalistic online ne-a oferit indicii relevante, nu doar pentru a identifica particularități noi ale „comportamentului” lingvistic al clișeelor, ci și pentru înțelegerea mizelor, implicațiilor și posibilelor efecte ale utilizării anumitor structuri prefabricate. În principiu, examinarea acestor scheme de clișeizare a relevat modul în care instanțele mediatice preiau, sub presiunea modelului internațional, izotopiile lexico-semantice care exploatează structuri prefabricate din domenii distincte: războiul, cu predilecție zona elementelor pirotehnice („au explodat cazurile”, „explozie de noi cazuri”„ „explozie uriașă de cazuri de Covid”), aria semantică a dezastrelor naturale subsumată lichidității („un nou val de COVID”, „val de controale anti-Covid”, „val de decese”, „un val de comentarii pline de ură”, „val de infectări/ de confirmări/ de îmbolnăviri” etc, „potop de acuzații/ de amenzi”, „tsunami de bolnavi de Covid-19 / de concedieri”). De asemenea, am identificat automatisme jurnalistice circumscrise izotopiei economiei („bilanțul epidemiologic”), clasamentului și competiției sportive (clișee ale statisticilor: „topul infectărilor”, „topul Covid”, „topul îmbolnăvirilor cu Covid”, „topul european al evoluției Covid”, „cursa vaccinurilor” etc.), dezastrului (clișee ale excesului melodramatic, simptomatice jurnalismului de tip tabloid: „dezastru”, „haos”, „coșmar”, „drama Covid-19”). Efortul analitic a fost concentrat, pentru articolul de față, asupra primelor două izotopii dominante.
Pentru a atinge aceste obiective, am propus un model de cercetare bidimensional, axat pe corelarea datelor obținute din unghiuri diferite, atît în funcție de microparametri lingvistici (valențe semantice, stilistice, tipare lexicale și morfosintactice), cît și de variabile macrocontextuale (aspecte pragmatice, psiholingvistice, perspective derivate din sociologia comunicării media, analiza critică a discursului etc.).
Rezultatele investigației au evidențiat că aceste șabloane lingvistice, analizate în „acolada” conceptuală a izotopiilor, pot funcționa ca strategii retorice și lexico-semantice prin care jurnalistul activează energiile afective ale receptorilor. Se creează astfel stări artificiale de neliniște, panică, anxietate. În timp, această operație, conduce, prin impactul repetiției obsesive, la consumul pasiv de reprezentări mediatice și stereotipuri culturale, de idei preconcepute.