bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Status and associated factors of birth registration in selected districts of Tigray region, Ethiopia
Authors: Abay Shishay Tadesse , Gebre-egziabher Ataklti Gebreyesus 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Birth registration establishes the existence of a child under law and provides the foundation for ensuring many of his/her rights. Despite its significance, a continuous, effective and comprehensive birth registration system has not been established in Ethiopia until the recent past. This paper examines the status of child’s birth registration and its associated factors in selected districts of Tigray Region, Ethiopia.

Method
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2018 among 383 randomly selected mothers who had given birth to at least one child since August 2016. A structured questionnaire was used to gather the quantitative data. Qualitative data were collected using key informant interviews and focus group discussions. To analyze the data, SPSS version 20 was used. Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the association between dependent and independent variables.

Results
Findings reveal that significant number of the respondents did not have knowhow about birth registration and its uses. As a result, only 117(30%) of them registered the birth of their children and secured certificates. Inaccessibility of the registrar offices, lack of relevant manpower and political will of the government were reported as major reasons for such a gap. Mother’s education was identified to be positively associated with the likelihood of a child being registered. Children born from mothers living in urban areas were found more likely to be registered compared to their rural counterpart [AOR = 1.46, 95% CI = 0.76, 2.76]. In light of Religion, children from the Muslim community had better opportunity for birth registration and owning birth certificate compared to children from Orthodox Christian parents. Compared to those who have possessed own birth certificates, the likelihood of mothers who did not possess own birth certificates to register the birth of their children was found lower by the factor of 86% [AOR = 0.14, 95%CI = 0.07, 0.26].

Conclusion
Birth registration of a child and subsequent issuance of certificate should be pursued as a right issue. To make this a reality, extensive awareness raising programs that underscore the need for a birth registration and its significance for rural communities is needless to say critical.
Cell-specific expression of lung disease risk-related genes in the human small airway epithelium
Authors: Zuo Wu-lin , Rostami Mahboubeh R. , Shenoy Shushila A. , LeBlanc Michelle G. , Salit Jacqueline , Strulovici-Barel Yael , O’Beirne Sarah L. , Kaner Robert J. , Leopold Philip L. , Mezey Jason G. , Schymeinsky Juergen , Quast Karsten , Visvanathan Sudha , Fine Jay S. , Thomas Matthew J. , Crystal Ronald G. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The human small airway epithelium (SAE) plays a central role in the early events in the pathogenesis of most inherited and acquired lung disorders. Little is known about the molecular phenotypes of the specific cell populations comprising the SAE in humans, and the contribution of SAE specific cell populations to the risk for lung diseases.

Methods
Drop-seq single-cell RNA-sequencing was used to characterize the transcriptome of single cells from human SAE of nonsmokers and smokers by bronchoscopic brushing.

Results
Eleven distinct cell populations were identified, including major and rare epithelial cells, and immune/inflammatory cells. There was cell type-specific expression of genes relevant to the risk of the inherited pulmonary disorders, genes associated with risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and (non-mutated) driver genes for lung cancers. Cigarette smoking significantly altered the cell type-specific transcriptomes and disease risk-related genes.

Conclusions
This data provides new insights into the possible contribution of specific lung cells to the pathogenesis of lung disorders.
Highly secure edge-intelligent electric motorcycle management system for elevators
Authors: Zhu Zongwei , Cao Jing , Hao Tiancheng , Zhai Wenjie , Sun Bin , Jia Gangyong , Li Ming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBecause of their portability, electric motorcycles are usually pushed into elevators by residents and charged in the home, which has serious safety risks. Traditional manual-based methods to manage this behavior have poor monitoring effects and high costs. As for automatic management systems using artificial intelligence (AI), the deployment method matters. Cloud-based deployment methods have the disadvantages of high latency, high risk of privacy leakage, and heavy network transmission loads. In this paper, we propose a highly secure edge-intelligent electric motorcycle management system for elevators. By using edge-based deployment method, the monitor pictures are processed locally without being uploaded to the cloud, which can effectively resist network attacks and prevent residents’ private data from being leaked. To improve the system security, we fully analyze the challenges faced in the application scenarios and introduce security threat identification (STI-1H8) model to identify the security threats. In addition, we propose several data enhancement methods to improve the system recognition accuracy. Experimental results show that our system can achieve a high recall rate of 0.82. By using data enhancement and data mixing strategies, it can reduce the misjudgment rate by 0.35. Moreover, compared to cloud computing, our edge-based method can reduce the latency by 19.6%, meeting real-time requirements.
Pharmacokinetic interactions of esaxerenone with amlodipine and digoxin in healthy Japanese subjects
Authors: Kirigaya Yoshiaki , Shiramoto Masanari , Ishizuka Tomoko , Uchimaru Hinako , Irie Shin , Kato Manabu , Shimizu Takako , Nakatsu Takafumi , Nishikawa Yasuhiro , Ishizuka Hitoshi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
To investigate the effects of coadministration of esaxerenone with amlodipine on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of each drug, and of esaxerenone on the PK of digoxin.

Methods
In three open-label, single-sequence, crossover studies, healthy Japanese males received single oral doses of esaxerenone 2.5 mg (Days 1, 15), with amlodipine 10 mg/day (Days 8–18) (Study 1, N = 24); single doses of amlodipine 2.5 mg (Days 1, 21), with esaxerenone 5 mg/day (Days 8–25) (Study 2; N = 20); or digoxin 0.25 mg/day (Days 1–15) with esaxerenone 5 mg/day (Days 11–15) (Study 3; N = 20). PK parameters and safety were assessed.

Results
Study 1: esaxerenone peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and time to Cmax were unaltered by amlodipine coadministration, but mean half-life was slightly prolonged from 18.5 to 20.9 h. Geometric least-squares mean (GLSM) ratios for Cmax, area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) from zero to last measurable concentration and from zero to infinity for esaxerenone + amlodipine versus esaxerenone were 0.958, 1.154, and 1.173, respectively. Study 2: corresponding GLSM ratios for amlodipine + esaxerenone versus amlodipine were 1.099, 1.185, and 1.214. Study 3: esaxerenone did not markedly alter digoxin PK. GLSM ratios for Cmax, trough plasma concentration, and AUC during a dosing interval for digoxin versus esaxerenone + digoxin were 1.130, 1.088, and 1.072, respectively.

Conclusions
No drug–drug interactions are expected during combination therapy with esaxerenone and either amlodipine or digoxin, based on a lack of any clinically relevant PK changes.

Trial registration
Studies 1 and 2: JapicCTI-163379 (registered on 20 September 2016); Study 3: JapicCTI-163443 (registered on 24 November 2016).
Living donor domino liver transplantation in a hepatitis C virus/human immunodeficiency virus-coinfected hemophilia patient: a case report
Authors: Yamamoto Hidekazu , Sugawara Yasuhiko , Sambommatsu Yuzuru , Shimata Keita , Yoshii Daiki , Isono Kaori , Honda Masaki , Yamashita Taro , Matsushita Shuzo , Inomata Yukihiro , Hibi Taizo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Outcome of the liver transplantation (LT) is worse in hepatitis C virus (HCV)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-coinfected patients compared to patients infected with HCV alone. We report the world’s first case of living donor domino liver transplantation (LDDLT) using a familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) liver in a coinfected recipient with HCV-related liver cirrhosis.

Case presentation
The recipient was a 43-year-old male with a CD4 cell count of 52/μL and undetectable HIV-RNA at the time of LT. He received a domino liver graft from a 41-year-old female with FAP. No acute cellular rejection or infection occurred after LT. HCV recurrence was confirmed histologically on the posttransplant day 34. Peginterferon/ribavirin therapy resulted in non-response; however, the patient achieved a sustained viral response with sofosbuvir (SOF)/ledipasvir (LDV). Currently, HCV and HIV testing are negative, and symptomatic de novo amyloidosis has not occurred.

Conclusions
LDDLT allows successful LT in HCV/HIV-coinfected patients; posttransplant HCV recurrence can be successfully treated with anti-viral therapy.
Vitamin D and early rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Harrison Stephanie R. , Jutley Gurpreet , Li Danyang , Sahbudin Ilfita , Filer Andrew , Hewison Martin , Raza Karim 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have linked rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk and disease activity with vitamin D-deficiency (low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD)), but a causal role for vitamin D in RA is still unclear, with conflicting results from many previous studies, partly due to heterogeneity in study design and patient populations. In this study we aimed to (1) analyse serum 25OHD in early inflammatory arthritis, (2) compare 25OHD with disease activity and fatigue in early RA and (3) determine whether low 25OHD is associated with progression to RA.

Methods
An analysis of 790 patients recruited to the Birmingham Early Inflammatory Arthritis Cohort and followed longitudinally to determine clinical outcomes. The following were recorded at baseline: demographic data, duration of symptoms, duration of early morning stiffness (EMS), tender and swollen joint counts, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain/fatigue/EMS, PHQ-9, HAQ and FACIT-Fatigue scores, DAS28-ESR, DAS28-CRP, CRP, ESR, anti-CCP antibody status, rheumatoid factor status, and serum 25OHD (ng/ml). Diagnosis was recorded at 0 and 12 months onwards as either RA, Undifferentiated Inflammatory Arthritis (UIA; synovitis not meeting other classification/diagnostic criteria), Clinically Suspect Arthralgia (CSA; arthralgia of an inflammatory type without synovitis), or Other.

Results
Baseline demographic data were similar between all groups, with median symptom duration of 16.8–34.0 days. Baseline 25OHD was not significantly different between groups [median, interquartile range (IQR): RA 46.7, 30.0–73.3; UIA 51.4, 30.0–72.3; CSA 47.7, 30.3–73.0; Other 39.9, 28.6–62.2]. In RA (n = 335), there were no significant differences between 25OHD and measures of disease activity or fatigue. No association between 25OHD and progression from UIA or CSA to RA was observed.

Conclusions
There was no clear association between serum 25OHD and baseline diagnosis, RA disease activity, or progression from UIA or CSA to RA. Future studies of other vitamin D metabolites may better define the complex role of vitamin D in RA.
Management of failed UKA to TKA: conventional versus robotic-assisted conversion technique
Authors: Yun Andrew G. , Qutami Marilena , Chen Chang-Hwa Mary , Pasko Kory B. Dylan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Failure of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a distressing and technically challenging complication. Conventional conversion techniques (CCT) with rods and jigs have produced varying results. A robotic-assisted conversion technique (RCT) is an unexplored, though possibly advantageous, alternative. We compare our reconstructive outcomes between conventional and robotic methods in the management of failed UKA.

Methods
Thirty-four patients with a failed UKA were retrospectively reviewed. Patients underwent conversion total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with either a CCT or RCT. Seventeen patients were included in each group. All procedures were done by a single surgeon at a single institution, with a mean time to follow-up of 3.6 years (range, 1 to 12). The primary outcome measures were the need for augments and polyethylene thickness. Secondary outcome measures were complications, need for revision, estimated blood loss (EBL), length of stay, and operative time.

Results
The mean polyethylene thickness was 12 mm (range, 9 to 15) in the CCT group and 10 mm (range, 9 to 14) in the RCT groups, with no statistical difference between the two groups (P = 0.07). A statistically significant difference, however, was present in the use of augments. In the CCT group, five out of 17 knees required augments, whereas none of the 17 knees in the RCT group required augments (P = 0.04). Procedurally, robotic-assisted surgery progressed uneventfully, even with metal artifact noted on the preoperative computerized tomography (CT) scans. Computer mapping of the residual bone surface after implant removal was a helpful guide in minimizing resection depth. No further revisions or reoperations were performed in either group.

Conclusions
Robotic-assisted conversion TKA is technically feasible and potentially advantageous. In the absence of normal anatomic landmarks to guide conventional methods, the preoperative CT scans were unexpectedly helpful in establishing mechanical alignment and resection depth. In this limited series, RCT does not seem to be inferior to CCT. Further investigation of outcomes is warranted.
Intratumoral hyperthermic chemotherapy injection in peripheral non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Tohlob Mohamed A. , Suliman Lucy A. , Elmorsy Ahmed S. , Ibrahim Mohamed A. , Hewidy Asem A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Intratumoral chemotherapy (ITC) has been used by many groups; the combination of heat and cytotoxic drugs increases the ability to destroy the malignant cells. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of percutaneous injection of hyperthermic chemotherapy in conjunction with systemic chemotherapy as a palliative management of peripheral inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared to conventional systemic chemotherapy.

Results
There was a statistically significant improvement in quality of life score in group A and B, but deterioration in group C after 6 months. As regards radiology, after 6 months in group A, one patient (10%) showed complete response, 6 patients (60%) showed partial response, one patient (10%) stable response, and two patients (20%) showed progression; in group B, 6 patients (60%) showed partial response, two patients (20%) showed stable response, and two patients (20%) showed progression; and in group C, 7 patients (70%) showed progression, two patients (20%) showed partial response, and one patient (10%) showed stable response. There were few controllable complications. Median survival in group A was 16 months, in group B was 15 months, and in group C was 8 months.

Conclusion
Intratumoral hyperthermic chemotherapy is a promising, effective, harmless palliative therapy for inoperable peripheral NSCLC.
Automated Monte-Carlo re-calculation of proton therapy plans using Geant4/Gate: implementation and comparison to plan-specific quality assurance measurements
Authors: Aitkenhead Adam H , Sitch Peter , Richardson Jenny C , Winterhalter Carla , Patel Imran , Mackay Ranald I 
Published: July 2020

Objectives:
Software re-calculation of proton pencil beam scanning plans provides a method of verifying treatment planning system (TPS) dose calculations prior to patient treatment. This study describes the implementation of AutoMC, a Geant4 v10.3.3/Gate v8.1 (Gate-RTion v1.0)-based Monte-Carlo (MC) system for automated plan re-calculation, and presents verification results for 153 patients (730 fields) planned within year one of the proton service at The Christie NHS Foundation Trust.

Methods:
A MC beam model for a Varian ProBeam delivery system with four range-shifter options (none, 2 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm) was derived from beam commissioning data and implemented in AutoMC. MC and TPS (Varian Eclipse v13.7) calculations of 730 fields in solid-water were compared to physical plan-specific quality assurance (PSQA) measurements acquired using a PTW Octavius 1500XDR array and PTW 31021 Semiflex 3D ion chamber.

Results:
TPS and MC showed good agreement with array measurements, evaluated using γ analyses at 3%, 3 mm with a 10% lower dose threshold:&gt;94% of fields calculated by the TPS and &gt;99% of fields calculated by MC had γ ≤ 1 for&gt;95% of measurement points within the plane. TPS and MC also showed good agreement with chamber measurements of absolute dose, with systematic differences of &lt;1.5% for all range-shifter options.

Conclusions:
Reliable independent verification of the TPS dose calculation is a valuable complement to physical PSQA and may facilitate reduction of the physical PSQA workload alongside a thorough delivery system quality assurance programme.

Advances in knowledge:
A Gate/Geant4-based MC system is thoroughly validated against an extensive physical PSQA dataset for 730 clinical fields, showing that clinical implementation of MC for PSQA is feasible.
Using the Health Belief Model to identify communication needs in the male circumcision campaigns to prevent HIV/AIDS in Siaya County of Kenya
Authors: Otteng Osir , Wenje Peres , Kiptoo Michael , Anyonje Lydia , Mwangi Moses 
Published: July 2020

Behaviour change communication experts consider individual beliefs vital to identifying communication needs in healthcare programmes. This study examined the use of four constructs of the health belief model, viz. the belief that a person is vulnerable to a disease, and that the disease is severe; and the belief that an intervention against the disease has benefits and that there are barriers to adopting that intervention, as the basis for developing communication strategies in the implementation of the voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) programme for prevention of HIV/AIDS in Siaya county of Kenya. A structured questionnaire was administered on 350 male residents of the county aged between 18 and 50 years selected using the snowball sampling techniques. Qualitative data were collected through two focus groups discussions involving five men and five women residents. The study found that the residents of Siaya, particularly those living along the shores of Lake Victoria, believe that, because of their occupation and lifestyle, they are susceptible to HIV, the same way they perceive the disease as severe. The best known benefit of VMMC among the residents is its ability to reduce a man’s chances of contracting HIV. Other benefits, such as prevention of sex-related diseases among women are largely obscure. There are specific barriers to VMMC such as apprehension over pain and disruption of economic engagements. The study concurs that the health belief model is crucial for the development of audience-focused health communication and recommends its use in VMMC programme to produce targeted messages for different audience segments.
The Future of Man is to be an Animal.
Authors: Álvarez José Maurício 
Published: July 2020

This paper examines the role of the dog in the work of two modern Italian writers Curzio Malaparte and Carlo Levi and the writings of a notable Italian philosopher of our times, The Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben, in several works he assures the importance of animals in tne human life, and the dog, in particular, in the redefinition of the future of the human being. Taking their assertions as analysis tools for the mentioned authors, we analize in the texts, where they formulate a peculiar way of central role represented by the animal. In Levi he is capable to be the key able to open the door to a fantastic world. For Malaparte the dog becomes the essential counterpart to the humanity being capable to harbor huge feelings that he is able to teach man . Finally, for Agamben, men and animals are part of the same natural creation and, eschatologically, walk together until, at the end of time, when humans will reconcile with their half animal nature.
Using Digital Technology to empower users with special needs at the University of Guyana Library.
Authors: Harris Clyden , LaRose Simmone , Lowe Debra 
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research is to highlight the digital technology programmes and activities implemented by the Library professionals at the University of Guyana Library, to empower users with special needs. The use of digital technology in libraries is redefining the way information is disseminated and it has influenced the roles of all information professionals. As digital technology evolved, Librarians have been forced to revolutionise their way of operating and employ a variety of ways to adjust; not only to their changing roles but also to find ways to enhance high quality service delivery. These innovations not only brought changes to the delivery services but also served to propel inclusivity for previously marginalised groups, including persons with special learning needs, who are physically challenged, have cognitive challenges, experiencing varying levels of competencies or other socio-economic difficulties. The final benefits being envisioned would be lifelong learning and success in all aspects of student's lives. Iin this era of digital transformation, University Libraries must therefore combine technology and human interaction in all of its services for access by all to accomplish this vision.
Recognising that there was a practice to generalise the user population, even though their learning capabilities differed, Librarians at the University of Guyana Libraries (Turkeyen and Tain) sought to devise ways in which all users would benefit from all of the services offered using digital technology. Through this medium, students with special needs /differently-abled who were often marginalised due to different learning capabilities are now able to have an equal opportunity to access research content with ease.
Librarians at the University of Guyana Library have illustrated how the use of digital technology at its academic library has helped to promote scholarship and encourage high quality research by providing online services with remote access and links to external resources. This paper expands on the digital programmes that the University of Guyana Libraries provides for students with special needs and the measures taken to empower special needs users through digital technologies.
Bayesian credibility premium with GB2 copulas
Authors: Jeong Himchan , Valdez Emiliano A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
For observations over a period of time, Bayesian credibility premium may be used to predict the value of a response variable for a subject, given previously observed values. In this article, we formulate Bayesian credibility premium under a change of probability measure within the copula framework. Such reformulation is demonstrated using the multivariate generalized beta of the second kind (GB2) distribution. Within this family of GB2 copulas, we are able to derive explicit form of Bayesian credibility premium. Numerical illustrations show the application of these estimators in determining experience-rated insurance premium. We consider generalized Pareto as a special case.