bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence for eosinophil and IL-17 mediated inflammation in allergic rhinitis
Authors: Amin Kawa , Issa Sulaf Mosa , Ali Kosar Mohammad , Aziz Muaid Ismiel , Hama Amieen Huner Mohamed , Bystrom Jonas , Janson Christer 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim was to determine the level of inflammatory cytokines, eosinophil cationic protein and IgE in allergic rhinitis (AR) patients.

Subjects and methods
Blood samples were taken from 88 AR patients and 88 healthy controls (HC). Each sample was analysed for eosinophil counts by flow cytometry, IgE by ECLIA, ECP, IL-17, and IL-33 by using ELISA test.

Results
There was no significant difference between AR patients and the control group in age and gender. Levels of eosinophils, IgE, ECP, IL-17, IL-33 and the total symptom scores were significantly higher in AR patients than the HC (P = 0.0001). Serum ECP correlated with IL-17 (P = 0.041, r = 0.42), IL-33 (P = 0.0001, r = 080), and IgE levels (P = 0.017, r = 0.45) in the R patients. There was no correlation between IL-17 and IL-33. There was a correlation between symptom scores and eosinophils (P = 0.026, r = 0.52), and IgE (P = 0.001, r = 0.60) in the patients. No correlation was observed between symptom scores and ECP, IL-17, and IL-33 in the AR patient.

Conclusions
Patients with AR have significant higher serum levels of ECP, IL-17, and IL-33 than healthy controls. This indicates that these markers could be used to in order to diagnose AR and to monitor disease. Inhibitory molecules to IL-17 and IL-33 may be considered as novel treatment strategies.
Low-dose human menopausal gonadotrophin versus natural cycles in intrauterine insemination for subfertile couples with regular menstruation
Authors: Li Sichen , He Yuxia , Cao Mingzhu , Liu Hanyan , Liu Jianqiao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Women with irregular menstruation should be considered to benefit from the ovarian stimulation. However, most literature did not separate ovulatory disorders from normal menstrual cycles. Our purpose was to assess the superiority of ovarian mild stimulation compared with the natural cycle in IUI for subfertile couples when the women with regular menstruation.

Methods
A retrospective study in a single medical center in which 2413 couples with 3573 IUI cycles were studied from 2013 to 2018. The results of IUI in natural cycles versus low-dose HMG induced cycles were analyzed.

Results
For young women (age < 35 years) with normal menstrual cycle, HMG induced ovulation combined with IUI can improve clinical pregnancy outcome (13.55% in two follicular induced cycles vs. 7.23% in natural cycles, p < 0.01); even if only one follicle was induced, the clinical pregnancy rate was increased to 10.32% (p < 0.01). When two growth follicles were induced in HMG cycles, a remarkable improvement of the live birthrate (10.28% vs. 5.91% in natural cycles, p < 0.05) was noted. Simultaneously, twin pregnancy rates were increased to 20.69% (p < 0.01). Twin pregnancies showed significantly increased risk of both ectopic pregnancy and preterm birth (p = 0.00 for both). For advanced women (age ≥ 35 years) with regular menstrual cycle, ovulation induction didn’t improve clinical pregnancy and live birthrates, while age was the only relevant factor.

Conclusions
Combining HMG induced ovulation and IUI can improve pregnancy outcome in young women with normal menstrual cycles. 1–2 follicles with diameter ≥ 14 mm served as the purpose of ovulation induction. Further, both twin and ectopic pregnancy rate in HMG cycles with two growth follicles were significantly higher than those in natural cycles were. Therefore, doctors must evaluate the risk before making choices and inform the patients to achieve the best results. For advanced women with normal menstrual cycles, natural IUI cycles were optional.
Establishment of national diagnostic reference levels in dental cone beam computed tomography in Switzerland
Authors: Deleu Marine , Dagassan Dorothea , Berg Isabelle , Bize Julie , Dula Karl , Lenoir Vincent , Ott Barbara , Ott Julien G. , Verdun Francis R. , Weber Robert , Ziglinas Panagiotis , Zingariello Cesare , Sans Merce Marta 
Published: April 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) in the field of dental maxillofacial and ear-nose-throat (ENT) practices using cone beam CT (CBCT) in Switzerland. Methods: A questionnaire was sent to owners of CBCTs in Switzerland; to a total of 612 institutions. The answers were analyzed for each indication, provided that enough data were available. The DRLs were defined as the 75th percentile of air kerma product distribution (PKA). Results: 227 answers were collected (38% of all centers). Third quartile of PKA values were obtained for five dental indications: 662 mGy cm² for wisdom tooth, 683 mGy cm² for single tooth implant treatment, 542 mGy cm² for tooth position anomalies, 569 mGy cm² for pathological dentoalveolar modifications, and 639 mGy cm² for endodontics. The standard field of view (FOV) size of 5 cm in diameter x 5 cm in height was proposed. Conclusions: Large ranges of FOV and PKA were found for a given indication, demonstrating the importance of establishing DRLs as well as FOV recommendations in view of optimizing the present practice. For now, only DRLs for dental and maxillofacial could be defined; because of a lack of ENT data, no DRL values for ENT practices could be derived from this survey.
Effect of blood pressure on stroke severity and outcomes in acute cases
Authors: Kench Charles Albert 
Published: April 2020

Background: Stroke results in impairment of cerebral autoregulation. Systemic blood pressure (BP), whether low or high, may affect cerebral blood flow and cause damage to brain tissue, so is important in the context of stroke. Effective management of BP may result in less severe strokes and better outcomes for patients. Methods: A literature search was performed to answer the research question, using the CINAHL Complete and MEDLINE Complete databases. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Full texts were reviewed for eligibility and 15 quantitative articles were selected and discussed. Results: Fifteen international quantitative primary research articles were selected and grouped into four themes: admission blood pressure; BP indexes/BP variability; active treatment of BP; and prehospital care. The articles were randomised controlled trials, cohort studies and one post-hoc analysis. Conclusion: In patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS), systolic BP in the 140–160 mmHg range on admission to hospital is associated with higher rates of positive outcome and lower stroke severity. BP-lowering therapy in AIS is safe and does not affect stroke severity, but also does not alter patient outcome. In the context of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH), intensive BP-lowering therapy to a target of 140 mmHg and maintenance of this value for 7 days produces high rates of positive long-term outcomes in terms of quality of life and Modified Rankin Scale scores. Furthermore, early initiation of BP management, namely in the prehospital environment, is beneficial. These results provide evidence that antihypertensive treatment should be provided in the prehospital environment, and support early administration of treatment to reduce systolic BP to a target of 140 mmHg, which is a beneficial value for patients experiencing ICH and AIS.
The power of the pen(cil): Enduring validity in technology-dominated design education
Authors: Verma Amitabh 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The recent marginalization of long-established manual graphic traditions by technological alternatives has precipitated wide-ranging consequences for design education in diverse contexts and specializations. In this article, I analyse this progression as situated within the discipline of landscape architecture, advocating for a curricular reformation to reprioritize manual graphics as a pivotal element in design education. From my vantage point at the intersection of professional practice, pedagogy and research, I summarize this development within the specific arena of landscape architecture education. Prominent issues of concern and implications are identified, followed by articulation of remedial strategies appropriate to current circumstances.
A Genome-Wide Screen in Mice To Identify Cell-Extrinsic Regulators of Pulmonary Metastatic Colonisation
Authors: van der Weyden Louise , Swiatkowska Agnieszka , Iyer Vivek , Speak Anneliese O , Adams David J 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Metastatic colonization, whereby a disseminated tumor cell is able to survive and proliferate at a secondary site, involves both tumor cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors. To identify tumor cell-extrinsic (microenvironmental) factors that regulate the ability of metastatic tumor cells to effectively colonize a tissue, we performed a genome-wide screen utilizing the experimental metastasis assay on mutant mice. Mutant and wildtype (control) mice were tail vein-dosed with murine metastatic melanoma B16-F10 cells and 10 days later the number of pulmonary metastatic colonies were counted. Of the 1,300 genes/genetic locations (1,344 alleles) assessed in the screen 34 genes were determined to significantly regulate pulmonary metastatic colonization (15 increased and 19 decreased; P &lt; 0.005 and genotype effect &lt;-55 or &gt;+55). While several of these genes have known roles in immune system regulation (Bach2, Cyba, Cybb, Cybc1, Id2, Igh-6, Irf1, Irf7, Ncf1, Ncf2, Ncf4 and Pik3cg) most are involved in a disparate range of biological processes, ranging from ubiquitination (Herc1) to diphthamide synthesis (Dph6) to Rho GTPase-activation (Arhgap30 and Fgd4), with no previous reports of a role in the regulation of metastasis. Thus, we have identified numerous novel regulators of pulmonary metastatic colonization, which may represent potential therapeutic targets.
KESULITAN MAHASISWA CALON GURU FISIKA DALAM MEREPRESENTASIKAN KONSEP LISTRIK MAGNET
Authors: Handayani Wahyuni , Setiawan Wawan , Sinaga P , Suhandi Andi 
Published: April 2020

Communication in science is multimodal (verbal and visual). Representation skills are one of the communication skills in science. A physics teacher is required to have representation skills so that the students more easily to acsess the concept that they have to lean and the teacher communicate physics concepts more easily to his students. This study examines the representation skills of preservice physics teacher. Three aspects of representation skills, that examined are: 1) the skill of making a single mode representation, 2) the skills of translation between representation modes and 3) multi-representation skills. The instrument used to measure representation skills has been validated and used to measure representation skills of preservice physics teacher in Listrik-Magnet courses. The results showed that the preservive physics student have difficulty in making all of the aspect of representation. It is occured because there has never been learning related to representation or assessment skills that specifically test their representation skills
Etkileşimci Liderlik Yaklaşımının Hemşirelerin İşten Ayrılma Niyetlerine Etkisi: Bursa İlinde Özel Hastanelerde Bir Alan Araştırması
Authors: CIRANOĞLU Mehmet 
Published: April 2020

Bu
çalışmada, özel hastanelerde, ilk kademe sağlık yöneticilerinin sergiledikleri
etkileşimci liderlik davranışlarının, kendilerine bağlı çalışan hemşirelerin
işten ayrılma niyetlerini ne yönde ve ne kadar etkilediğinin ölçülmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, hemşirelerin işten ayrılma niyetlerinin
birtakım demografik faktörlere göre ne şekilde farklılık gösterdiği de ayrıca T
testi ve ANOVA testleri kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Toplanan veriler (N=241) Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Araştırma kapsamında ortaya konan hipotez;
yöneticilerin sergiledikleri etkileşimci liderlik tarzının, hemşirelerin
işten ayrılma niyetlerini negatif yönde etkilediğidir. Araştırma sonucunda
hemşirelerin işten ayrılma niyetlerinin hem meslekteki hem de çalıştıkları
kurumdaki kıdemlerine göre anlamlı farklılıklar gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Ayrıca yapısal modelin test edilmesi sonucunda; modelin araştırma için uygun
olduğu ve elde edilen p ve t değerlerine göre de hipotezin desteklendiği
görülmüştür.
Hazırlık maliyetli stoğa-üretim sistemlerinin kontrolü
Authors: ÖZKAN Sinem , Bulut Önder 
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışma, paralel ve özdeş üretim
hatları, çeşitli müşteri sınıfları, üretim başlatma, elde stok tutma ve kayıp
satış maliyetlerinin mevcut olduğu Markov yapılı stoğa-üretim sistemleri için
üretim-envanter ortak kontrolünü ele almaktadır. Üretimin tamamlanması veya
müşteri talebi gelmesi olaylarında verilmesi gereken kararlar: i. Yeni kaç tane üretim hattının aktive
edileceği ii. Gelen talebin
karşılanıp karşılanmayacağıdır. Bazı sistem durumlarında düşük önceliğe sahip
sınıfların taleplerinin reddedilmesi ve eldeki stoğun daha öncelikli/değerli
sınıfların gelecek talepleri için saklanması daha ekonomiktir. Bu çalışma,
sabit üretim maliyetleri, birden fazla üretim hattı ve çeşitli müşteri
sınıflarının aynı anda çalışılması ile stoğa-üretim sistemlerinin kontrol
teknik yazınına katkıda bulunmaktadır.
İncelenen sistemin dinamik programlama formülasyonu geliştirilmiş ve
değer yineleme algoritması kullanılarak eniyi üretim ve stok tayınlama politikalarının
yapısı karakterize edilmiştir. Eniyi politikaların yapısının karmaşık ve
dinamik olması nedeniyle, uygulanması kolay ve iyi performans gösteren
alternatif politikalar da sunulmuştur.
Mathematical Modeling of Eyeball Vitreous Cavity and Software Based Thereon for Automatic Calculation of Individual Doses of Antibiotics for Intravitreal Injection in Treating Bacterial Endophthalmitis
Authors: Kazaykin V. N. , Ponomarev V. O. , Ponomarev O. P. , Dudorov A. G. , Israfilov K. T. 
Published: April 2020

Purpose: Mathematical modeling of the eyeball vitreous cavity and analysis of the vitreous cavity volume vs. eyeball length correlation dependence; software for automatic calculation of individual doses of antibiotics for intravitreal injection in treating bacterial endophthalmitis.Materials and methods: The study included three sequential stages: 1st stage — mathematical modeling of the vitreous cavity of human eye based on data of 77 phakic eyes, by the least square method. The data were obtained by Tomey UD-8000 ultrasonography (Japan) and VuMax Sonomed ultrasound biomicroscopy (USA). 2nd stage — study of the vitreous cavity residual volume, free from silicon oil, by measuring a volume of vitreous body substitute injected to 64 pseudophakic patients who underwent a vitrectomy on account of detached retina. 3d stage — development of a computer program based on the data of the vitreous cavity volume vs. eyeball length dependence, vitreous cavity residual volume, and anterior chamber volume, and description of an algorithm for diluting antibiotics for intravitreal injection, based on a required concentration.Results. Vitreous cavity of eyeball was approximated by ellipsoid. Statistical analysis has shown a linear dependence of eyeball length vs. vitreous cavity volume; vitreous cavity calculation accuracy does not depend on the cavity size, and a relative error of volume calculations that were performed from the resulting data of a single determination of the cavity surface point coordinates, with a probability of 0.866, does not exceed 1 %. Average residual volume of the vitreous cavity subjected to silicon oil tamponade was 332.36 ± 0.02 mm3, and average anterior chamber volume, 246.36 ± 0.06 mm3. The resulting data were exported to the computer program kernel.Conclusion. The developed original mathematical model of the eyeball made it possible to calculate a vitreous cavity volume vs. eyeball length dependence and whereby to plot calibration nomograms that allow individual doses of antibiotics for intravitreal injection to be precisely calculated, thus providing a desired concentration thereof to suppress bacterial microflora and preventing toxic effect on retinae.
Refractive Errors in Children with Retinoblastoma
Authors: Saakyan S. V. , Tsygankov A. Iu. , Tadevosyan S. S. , Makarova A. A. , Kogoleva L. V. , Tatskov R. A. 
Published: April 2020

Purpose. Analysis of refractive errors’ frequency in children with retinoblastoma.Patients and Methods. A retrospective study included 57 children with retinoblastoma (31 male and 26 female) who received treatment in 2013–2017. The criteria for patient selection was the presence of mono- or bilateral retinoblastoma, as well as autorefractometry of both eyes before treatment. In all cases, the study was performed with cycloplegia. The parameters studied included gender, age at the time of the initial examination, visual acuity, spherical and cylindrical component of refraction, the axis of the cylinder.Results. Bilateral retinoblastoma was determined in 34 children (59.6 %), the average age of the patients was 18.0 ± 2.6 months. Monolateral retinoblastoma was detected in 23 patients (40.4 %), the average age at the time of check-up was 26.2 ± 3.1 months. In total, anisometropia of more than 2.0 diopters was detected in 14 patients (24.6 %), of which with monolateral RB in 6 patients (26.1 %) and in bilateral patients in 8 (23.5 %). In 26 cases (45.6 %) anisometropia was determined from 1.0 to 2.0 diopters, of which 41.1 % (n = 14) with bilateral lesion and 52.1 % (n = 12) with monolateral. The frequency of hyperopia over 3.0 diopters in the total cohort was 25.2 %, myopia 3.3 %. Significant differences (p = 0.025) were obtained by comparing the frequency of astigmatism determination of more than 1.0 D (39.6 % in the total cohort versus 13.0 % for healthy eyes). When analyzing the frequency of ametropia depending on age, a trend was observed (0.05 < p < 0.1) to reduce the frequency of hypermetropia and increase the frequency of astigmatism. Additionally, an analysis of the astigmatism’s frequency depending on the tumor localization was made. Patients with central or paracentral localization of the tumor lesion amounted to 69.4 % (n = 25), and from the peripheral — 30.6 % (n = 11) (p = 0.002).Conclusions. In this paper, we analyzed the frequency and nature of refractive errors in children with monolateral and bilateral retinoblastoma. The identified risk factors may affect the development of refractive amblyopia in children with retinoblastoma in more adulthood, which requires the development of an individual approach to the correction of refractive disorders taking into account the localization of tumor foci, the nature of the lesion and the individual characteristics of patients.
Anti-microbial susceptibility pattern of spores used in Bacillus clausii suspension: an in vitro study
Authors: Srinivas A. 
Published: April 2020

Background: Bacillus species have been used as probiotics as they have high stability to gastrointestinal conditions and impart health benefit on the host. Primarily used in their spore form the diversity of Bacillus species being used and their applications are remarkable. Here, we present the results of the antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the B. clausii spore suspension (Benegut®).Methods: Bacillus clausii spore suspension (Benegut®), used in oral bacteriotherapy was tested for the susceptibility to therapeutically useful antibiotics. Twelve commercially prepared, paper antibiotic discs of different drugs having fixed concentrations were used. The antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by the disc diffusion technique, using soybean casein digestive agar (SCDA) as media and the results were categorized as susceptible, intermediate, or resistant; using the criteria published by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.Results: B. clausii was found to be resistant to broad-spectrum antibiotic chloramphenicol, antimycobacterial rifampicin, beta-lactamase inhibitor amoxiclav, first-generation antibiotic cefaloridine, penicillin ampicillin, and tetracycline. B. clausii was resistant to both the aminoglycoside antibiotics (streptomycin and kanamycin) studied. Off first-generation fluoroquinolones studied, B. clausii was resistant to ciprofloxacin but partially sensitive to norfloxacin, ofloxacin and to macrolide azithromycin. Conclusions: Antimicrobial resistance is an important feature of probiotics. The results of our study indicate that the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity B. clausii spore suspension (Benegut®) can profess beneficial effects and can be a useful source of improving the intestinal imbalance of microbial flora and is safe for human consumption.
Etiological evaluation of purulant aspirates on lymph node FNAC
Authors: Saxena Rajeev , Singh Bhagor Pushpendra 
Published: April 2020

Fine needle aspiration is the mainstay in the diagnosis of Lymphadenopathies. In present study the purulent aspiratesfrom lymph nodes were evaluated for etiological agents to know the distribution pattern of various disease agents.This study was a prospective one covering 100 cases taken from patients attending MBS and NMCH Hospitals under Govt. medical college, Kota. Our study spanned from January to December, 2017.Out of a total of 100 cases incidence of different types of lymphadenopathies were, Tubercular, 55%, Acute suppurative, 27%, Granulomatous Inflammatory, 12% and Metastatic Carcinoma, 6%. Cases of lymphadenopathy showed a wide age range from 1 to 73 years. Male to female ratio was 1:1.04. AFB positivity was seen in 61.8% cases of Tubercular lymphnoditis. Among the 55 cases of tubercular lymphnoditis, 46 (83.6%) cases showed Auramine Rhodamine positivity while only 34 (61.8%) corresponding cases were positive by Ziehl Neelsen stain, demonstrating higher sensitivity of Auramine Rhodamine stain.In present study, commonest cause of Metastasis in lymph nodes was Squamous Cell Carcinoma (33.3%). Other diagnosis were Metastatic Adenocarcinoma, Duct carcinoma breast, Mucoepidermoid carcinoma and poorly differentiated carcinoma. On gram’s staining out of 27 cases of Acute suppurative lymphnoditis, 3 showed positivity for gram positive cocci. Out of 3 cases, 1 case showed gram positive cocci in clusters and 2 cases showed gram positive diplococci. Diplococci were more common in younger population.FNAC is a safe, convenient, rapid and inexpensive first approach procedure, without any complications in evaluation of cases of lymphadenopathy and can be practiced even in peripheral hospitals where histopathological techniques are not available.