bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alpha-lipoic acid ameliorates H2O2-induced human vein endothelial cells injury via suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress
Authors: Wang Wei , An Li-Ping , Li Yun-Feng , An Ran , Bian Zhe , Liu Wei-Zhe , Song Qiu-Hang , Li Ai-Ying 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The study was aimed to investigate the effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) injury induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and to explore its possible mechanisms. We established the H2O2-induced HUVECs injury model and the ALA treatment groups in which HUVECs were co-incubated with H2O2 (250 μmol/L) and different final concentrations of ALA (100,200,400 μmol/L) for 48 h. Cell survival rate assay and LDH activity assay were carried out. The levels of related proteins were performed by Western Blot. We observed that H2O2 administration resulted in an increase in the LDH activity and a decrease in cell survival rate. The expression levels of Nox4, Bax, NF-κB p65, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, iNOS, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were up-regulated, while the expression level of Bcl-2 was down-regulated. All these factors were significantly improved by ALA treatment. In brief, ALA treatment ameliorates H2O2-induced HUVECs damage by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress.
A time domain factorization method for obstacles with impedance boundary conditions
Authors: Haddar Houssem , Liu Xiaoli 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We consider the inverse acoustic time domain scattering problem for absorbing scatterers modeled by impedance boundary conditions. We present and analyze a factorization method for reconstructing the obstacle boundary from far field measurements. The analysis is based on using the Laplace transform and proving the coercivity of the solution operator in suitable weighted spaces in time. This leads us to consider a modified far field operator parameterized by the imaginary part of Laplace variable which is different but can be arbitrarily close to the original far field operator. As a proof of concept we also provide some preliminary numerical examples to test and discuss the effectiveness of the resulting inversion method when applied to the original far field operator.
Auto-oscillations for the coupling between breathing mode and chiral switching in magnetic skyrmions
Authors: Hu Chenglong , Ji Lianze , Zhao Rongzhi , Chen Wenchao , Zhang Xuefeng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Magnetic skyrmions are topological protected nanometric swirling spin structures, and usually possess a fixed chiral feature. Herein, we theoretically demonstrate a dynamic switching for the chirality in magnetic skyrmions by optimizing the spin-transfer torque (STT). Such a switching process is coupled with the breathing mode, presented as an auto-oscillation phenomenon. In this case, the STT plays a role as the compensation of the intrinsic magnetic damping over a period of oscillation. The oscillation frequency could be tuned by the applied current density and type, and the material parameters such as the anisotropy constant and ferromagnetic exchange coefficient. Our results would be significant for designing nanoscale spin-transfer nano-oscillators.
Evaluation of the impact of faulty scanning trajectories in robot-based x-ray computed tomography
Authors: Hiller Jochen , Landstorfer Peter , Marx Philipp , Herbst Matthias 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging for industrial applications is limited to certain physical conditions to be fulfilled. The size of the measuring object and the accumulated wall thickness are two fundamental conditions. An omission of these conditions by not capturing object attenuation information by the x-ray detector leads to missing data in the 3D reconstruction process and results as a consequence in image degradation and artifacts. Conventional industrial x-ray CT is based on cone-beam projections and circular or helical scanning trajectories using linear axis and a rotary (lift) table. For many inspection tasks on big-sized or unusually shaped objects the physical limits for obtaining a sufficient high image quality are reached very quickly when using conventional CT systems. Industrial six-axis robots offer much more flexibility with respect to the conditions mentioned earlier and can overcome the limitations of conventional scanners. In the present work we characterized an industrial six-axis robot in its working space following ISO 9283 in terms of pose accuracy and pose repeatability. These results are then used to simulate faulty scanning trajectories in terms of pose deviations where a single robot is used as an object manipulator to rotate virtual specimens on a circular trajectory resulting in different (faulty) reconstruction datasets. These datasets are evaluated visually and by using performance parameters and geometrical features in order to determine the reproduction fidelity (performance) of a one arm robot-based CT system depending on different pose errors. With the results obtained it was shown that a robot-based CT system of type B (in our classification scheme) using one robot as object manipulator should be able to reach a spatial resolution power in the range of the voxel size (in our case 200 µm) and smaller (neglecting effects from focal spot size, detector unsharpness from x-ray to light conversation and scatter radiation) if systematic pose errors are compensated using appropriate calibration methods.
Melting of tungsten under uniaxial and shear stresses: molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Akzhigitov Dulat , Srymbetov Tamerlan , Golman Boris , Spitas Christos , Utegulov Zhandos N 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Understanding melting processes in refractory materials under external stresses is important and can be of particular interest in harsh environment applications ranging from aerospace to nuclear and fusion energy where these materials have to simultaneously withstand the effect of high temperatures and complex stress states in such ways, that a melting process might be initiated in extreme conditions. However, most if not all of the prior research was focused on melting phenomena in the presence of hydrostatic compression. In our work, we investigate melting phenomena in pure tungsten under uniaxial tension, uniaxial compression, hydrostatic tension, and shear stress states. We explore these relationships numerically by molecular dynamics simulations employing extended Finnis–Sinclair (EFS) potential and two-phase method and compare our results with theoretical and experimental findings reported in the literature. The melting behaviour was investigated for all the studied stress states and compared both quantitatively and qualitatively on the basis of equivalent strain, Cauchy stress tensor invariants, and maximum shear stress. For uniaxial tension, hydrostatic tension, and shear stress an abrupt decline of stress-induced melting point values was detected after certain critical stress values. New high-temperature thermo-mechanical results are correlated with intricate structural changes taking place on the atomic scale during metal-melt phase transition.
Simulation using Excel: reservoirs exchanging heat through a conducting rod
Authors: Ladino L A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this work we discuss the intricacies of a simulation using the MS Excel spreadsheet that allows to study in detail the process of heat transfer between two reservoirs at different temperatures through a conducting rod when heat losses are neglected. The proposed physical model computes the time dependence of the reservoir temperatures and delivers reasonable results. This simulation can be used in a first year course in general physics.
A two-dimensional version of Newton’s cradle
Authors: Cross Rod 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Three billiard balls arranged in a triangle were impacted head-on by another
billiard ball. Since there were more unknown velocities after the collision than
the two conservation equations, several guesses of possible outcomes were
explored. The same problem arises even if the three balls are arranged in a
straight line, as they are in Newton’s cradle. One guess was found to be
consistent with experimental results.
Punching holes in light: recent progress in single-shot coded-aperture optical imaging
Authors: Liang Jinyang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Single-shot coded-aperture optical imaging physically captures a code-aperture-modulated optical signal in one exposure and then recovers the scene via computational image reconstruction. Recent years have witnessed dazzling advances in various modalities in this hybrid imaging scheme in concomitant technical improvement and widespread applications in physical, chemical and biological sciences. This review comprehensively surveys state-of-the-art single-shot coded-aperture optical imaging. Based on the detected photon tags, this field is divided into six categories: planar imaging, depth imaging, light-field imaging, temporal imaging, spectral imaging, and polarization imaging. In each category, we start with a general description of the available techniques and design principles, then provide two representative examples of active-encoding and passive-encoding approaches, with a particular emphasis on their methodology and applications as well as their advantages and challenges. Finally, we envision prospects for further technical advancement in this field.
Dynamical network size estimation from local observations
Authors: Tang Xiuchuan , Huo Wei , Yuan Ye , Li Xiuting , Shi Ling , Ding Han , Kurths Jürgen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Here we present a method to estimate the total number of nodes of a network using locally observed response dynamics. The algorithm has the following advantages: (a) it is data-driven. Therefore it does not require any prior knowledge about the model; (b) it does not need to collect measurements from multiple stimulus; and (c) it is distributed as it uses local information only, without any prior information about the global network. Even if only a single node is measured, the exact network size can be correctly estimated using a single trajectory. The proposed algorithm has been applied to both linear and nonlinear networks in simulation, illustrating the applicability to real-world physical networks.
Improving the colonization and functions of Wharton’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells by a synergetic combination of porous polyurethane scaffold with an albumin-derived hydrogel
Authors: Lutzweiler G , Barthes J , Charles A L , Ball V , Louis B , Geny B , Vrana N E 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The development of neo-tissues assisted by artificial scaffolds is continually progressing, but the reproduction of the extracellular environment surrounding cells is quite complex. While synthetic scaffolds can support cell growth, they lack biochemical cues that can prompt cell proliferation or differentiation. In this study, Wharton’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells are seeded on a polyurethane (PU) scaffold combined with a hydrogel based on bovine serum albumin (BSA). BSA hydrogel is obtained through thermal treatment. While such treatment leads to partial unfolding of the protein, we show that the extent of denaturation is small enough to maintain its bioactivity, such as protein binding. Therefore, BSA provides a suitable playground for cells inside the scaffold, allowing higher spreading, proliferation and matrix secretions. Furthermore, the poor mechanical properties of the hydrogel are compensated for by the porous PU scaffold, whose architecture is well controlled. We show that even though PU by itself can allow cell adhesion and protein secretion, cell proliferation is 3.5 times higher in the PU + BSA scaffolds as compared to pure PU after 21 d, along with the non-collagenous protein secretions (389 versus 134 μmmg
−1). Conversely, the secretion of sulphated glycosaminoglycans is 12.3-fold higher in the scaffold made solely of PU. Thereby, we propose a simple approach to generating a hybrid material composed of a combination of PU and BSA hydrogel as a promising scaffold for tissue regeneration.
On the problem of formation the cultures of the Early Iron Age and the Middle Ages of the taiga and tundra zones in the extreme North-East of Europe
Authors: Murygin A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The article summarizes the results of the excavations of the settlement of reindeer hunters (Rangifer tarandus) in the settlement More-Yu II (Bolshezemelskaya tundra). The settlement by 14C is dated back to the Early Iron Age. The materials of the site document the Arctic component associated with the West-Siberian ethno-cultural area. It became a part of the Northern Glyadenovo collectives and by the middle of the Ist millennium A.D. radically changed the traditional appearance of the material culture of the taiga (Finnish-Permian) population of the Pechora Pre-Urals.
Formation of the region’s subjectivity in the Russian Arctic (To the problem of periodization of the process of forming the administrative-territorial borders of the Kola Peninsula)
Authors: Voronin A , Gaynutdinov R 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to the main stages and results of the process of forming administrative and territorial boundaries on the Kola Peninsula located in the Russian Arctic zone from the 12th to the 20th centuries, during which it became a completely independent entity, with significant natural and human resources, organically integrated into the russian-wide strategic, economic and socio-cultural space. The authors highlight 4 main stagesand the administrative-territorial developmentof the region: the 1st (12th - 15th centuries) - «cross-border», meaning that there are no clear boundaries, both external and internal; the 2nd (16th to 17th centuries) - «border» during which the external (state) border was formed; The 3rd (XVIII to early 20th centuries) is a «state» defined as a stage of existence in the form of a region with low administrative status; 4th (1920th to 1930th) «subjective», that finally defined the external and internal borders and the place of the region within Russia.
Soviet transarctic flights in the late 1920s and their role in the geographical development of the Arctic regions of Siberia
Authors: Ulyanova S B , Anosova N E , Fisheva A A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The role of aviation in the development of the Arctic became evident in the late 1930s. The long-distance flights of V. Chkalov, V. Molokov, M. Gromov and other pilots not only symbolized Soviet heroism, but also contributed to the exploration and development of Arctic spaces by the Soviet Union. However, the achievements of those who made the way to the North for our aviators in 1920s are in the shadow of their successes.This article analyzes the materials of first transarctic flights - their routes, organization, technical and financial support, and the work of flight crews, both in terms of the achieved results and in the political aspect. The analysis of the goals and achievements of the USSR Osoaviahim Northern Air Expedition in 1927 and the Transarctic Expedition in 1928 is based on the materials of St. Petersburg Central State Archive of Scientific and Technical Documentation and other materials. The authors highlight the contribution made by these expeditions into the exploration of Eastern Siberia and the Arctic Ocean and into the development of the regional transport infrastructure. The authors dwell on the work of various departments and the researchers in the field of the national aeronautics in the organization of the expedition. The conclusion is drawn on the importance of scientific and commercial interest in the development of polar aviation in the 1920s and early 1930s.
Arctic military security: geopolitical interaction in “the United States-Russia-Norway” triangle
Authors: Trebukh A D , Dzis Yu I , Filonchik S E , Startseva A A , Yu Krasnoyarov A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
It is common knowledge that during the Cold War the Arctic was a region for the global confrontation between the USSR and the U.S. Over the past decades the situation has changed dramatically. Nowadays there are no serious hard security threats to the Arctic states in the region and the soft security agenda is much more important. The article examines an emerging military security system in the Arctic. Special attention is paid to the analysis of threat perceptions, security policies and regional military strategies of the U.S., Russia and Norway as well as to the peculiarities of their geopolitical interaction in the region. The research is based on a number of methods, the most important of which are document analysis and expert opinion methods. Summarizing everything the authors stress that it is crucial to calm tensions between the U.S., Russia and Norway so the animosity does not lead to dangerous military incidents in the Arctic as it may threaten global security in general. Thus, it is clear that in order to stabilize the system of the military security in the Arctic, the US, Russia and Norway should establish a tripartite dialogue based on trust and pragmatic interest.
Features of the organization of fuel supplies to the Arctic regions of Russia: assessment of transport conditions
Authors: Biev A A , Serova N A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Maintaining the stability of territorial fuel and energy supply systems is an important task for state authorities. The problem of fuel supply in the Arctic zone of Russia is caused by the factor of its insufficient transport and infrastructure development. There are no large facilities of petrochemical industry, as well as a network of transport and energy communications, which leads to high logistics costs associated with the need for seasonal delivery, storage and distribution of fuel resources. To the foregoing, the subject of research in this work is the sphere of material and technical supply of consumers of the Arctic territories of Russia. The object is the process of formation of regional subsystems of fuel supply. The purpose is to investigate the organizational processes of the formation of the fuel supply system in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and also to determine possible ways to solve the problems of its modernization. As basic methods of research a systems analysis and some elements of the methodology of the territorial approach are used. As a result of the work were recommendations on promising ways to modernize regional fuel and energy subsystems.
Analysis and dynamic visualization of logistics flows in the Arctic based on geoservices
Authors: Vicentiy A V 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The paper notes the importance of the Arctic and the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation as a promising source of mineral and biological resources necessary to maintain the pace of socio-economic development of modern society. However, for the integrated development of Arctic resources and the creation of a favorable environment for the life of the population in the Far North, it is necessary to solve the problems of logistics and transport accessibility of the Arctic regions. For the successful solution of logistic problems, various factors and features specific to the Arctic territories must be taken into account. In these conditions, multimodal transportation, which requires special attention to the analysis, control and monitoring of routes and delivery vehicles, is of particular relevance. In order to provide information support for solving logistics problems, an approach to creating a web-geoservice for analysis and dynamic visualization of logistics flows is proposed. A feature of the proposed approach is the use of external sources of cartographic information, which can significantly reduce the material and time costs for the design and development of web-geoservice. The paper describes methodological support, as well as stages of design and development of web-geoservice for analysis and dynamic visualization of logistic flows in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. As an example of the Arctic region, the Murmansk region, which is part of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, was chosen to test the main capabilities of the web-geoservice.
Safety of using natural and liquefied gas under Arctic conditions
Authors: Monashkov V , Tumanov A , Russkova I , Uzun O , Kliui V 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article discusses and analyzes the emergency situations resulting the use of the natural and the liquefied gas in the northern areas. The normative and the technical documentation concerning the items of the control and the supervision in the gas facilities is analyzed here. It is concluded that in present there is no unified service which effectuates the control of the technical state of the gas equipment in the residential houses. That is why it is observed the use of the gas equipment of the high degree of the deterioration and not perfect technically. The equipment is missing of the systems of the control of the gas leaks and of the gas contamination in the room, there is no of the automatic shutdown of the gas supply in the emergency situations. There are a lot of violations during the use of the liquefied gas in the cylinders during the filling of the cylinders by gas. During the exploitation of the liquefied gas in the cylinders especially in non-stationary conditions in result of the not observation of the technological conditions of the safety, the decompression of the cylinders takes place and with the subsequent explosion. According to the results of the analysis of the state of the item the offers are developed concerning the increasing of the security level of the exploitation of the gas networks and of the use of the liquefied gas in the cylinders, and also of the housekeeping equipment working on gas. In the legal form, it is recommended that the functions of monitoring the state of gas equipment and networks be transferred to one organization with the rights of state supervision. Ensuring operational reliability - condition monitoring, preventive and routine repairs, replacement of equipment, it is also advisable to transfer one specialized organization. Contractual relations with these organizations must be transferred to management companies. In the technical field of safety, it is necessary to replace outdated thermal equipment with modern models with gas monitoring of gas leakage and gas burner operation. These recommendations also apply to metal cylinders for liquefied gases that need to be replaced with more reliable cylinders with a composite shell. It is necessary to diversify and improve preventive work to educate the population about safe handling of gas equipment and rules of conduct in case of emergency events with gas equipment.