bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respiratory rate extraction based on plethysmographic wave analysis
Authors: Hadiyoso S , Dewi E M , Mengko T L E R , Zakaria H 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Respiratory rate (RR) is one of the vital parameters of a person’s health. In certain conditions such as patients with respiratory problems or heart who are in the treatment room, respiratory rate monitoring is carried out continuously. In health care centers such as hospitals, RR measurements use a bed side monitor. However, this device is not yet widely available in small scale health services such as Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) because this device is expensive. One alternative for RR extraction is through plethysmographic wave analysis measured using a photopletismograph (PPG) device. This is based on the hypothesis that breathing affects the dynamics of PPG wave amplitude modulation so that by extracting this information we can know the respiratory rate. PPG devices are widely available in small health services because of their low prices. Meanwhile, PPG is only used to measure heart rate and oxygen saturation. In this study, a method for extracting RR information is proposed by analyzing PPG waves. Two methods, namely empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and variational mode decomposition (VMD), are applied to obtain respiratory oscillation information. The aim is to get the most optimum method for RR extraction. The performance test of the two proposed methods was carried out through time-frequency domain transformation using Fast Fourier Transform. The method used in this study is expected to be applied to conventional PPG devices.
Determining the changes in the Master Production Schedule (MPS) at the company with Make to Stock (MTS) and Make to Order (MTO) strategies
Authors: Amaranti R , Muhammad C R , Septandri M V 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The master production schedule (MPS) planning is influenced by the manufacturing environment. Therefore, the process of MPS planning with make to stock (MTS) strategy will be different from make to order (MTO) strategy. The MPS is based on production capacity, changes in inventory of finished products, fluctuations in demand, efficiency and utility of production factors, and lot size. Companies with MTS strategies make production schedules based on estimated demand so that customer demand can be met from stock products. While companies with an MTO strategy make a production schedule after the order is received. This paper discusses how the time fence approach is used to change MPS for companies with the MTS and MTO strategies simultaneously. With the time fences approach, companies can determine when orders can be received or rejected by looking at the position of the order on the existing MPS. This paper describes a case of applying the time fences approach to determine the MPS changes in a garment company that produces bed covers sets as the MTS products and other products as MTO products. This paper also explains the procedures to determine changes in the MPS based on predetermined time fences.
Evaluation of MRI-derived surrogate signals to model respiratory motion
Authors: Tran Elena H , Eiben Björn , Wetscherek Andreas , Oelfke Uwe , Meedt Gustav , Hawkes David J , McClelland Jamie R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
An MR-Linac can provide motion information of tumour and organs-at-risk before, during, and after beam delivery. However, MR imaging cannot provide real-time high-quality volumetric images which capture breath-to-breath variability of respiratory motion. Surrogate-driven motion models relate the motion of the internal anatomy to surrogate signals, thus can estimate the 3D internal motion from these signals. Internal surrogate signals based on patient anatomy can be extracted from 2D cine-MR images, which can be acquired on an MR-Linac during treatment, to build and drive motion models. In this paper we investigate different MRI-derived surrogate signals, including signals generated by applying principal component analysis to the image intensities, or control point displacements derived from deformable registration of the 2D cine-MR images. We assessed the suitability of the signals to build models that can estimate the motion of the internal anatomy, including sliding motion and breath-to-breath variability. We quantitatively evaluated the models by estimating the 2D motion in sagittal and coronal slices of 8 lung cancer patients, and comparing them to motion measurements obtained from image registration. For sagittal slices, using the first and second principal components on the control point displacements as surrogate signals resulted in the highest model accuracy, with a mean error over patients around 0.80 mm which was lower than the in-plane resolution. For coronal slices, all investigated signals except the skin signal produced mean errors over patients around 1 mm. These results demonstrate that surrogate signals derived from 2D cine-MR images, including those generated by applying principal component analysis to the image intensities or control point displacements, can accurately model the motion of the internal anatomy within a single sagittal or coronal slice. This implies the signals should also be suitable for modelling the 3D respiratory motion of the internal anatomy.
Effect of intravenous iron on functional outcomes in hip fracture: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Bielza Rafael , Llorente Jesús , Thuissard Israel J , Andreu-Vázquez Cristina , Blanco David , Sanjurjo Jorge , López Néstor , Herráez María Regina , Molano Cristina , Morales Adoración , Arias Estefanía , Neira Marta , Lung Ana , Escalera Javier , Portillo Laura , Larrubia Yolanda , García Cristina , Zambrana Francisco , Gómez Cerezo Jorge 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesto determine the safety and effect of intravenous iron sucrose on functional outcomes, delirium, nosocomial infections and transfusion requirements in older patients with hip fracture.Designsingle-centre randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.Setting and participantsorthogeriatric share care service at an academic tertiary care hospital. A total of 253 patients were recruited: 126 patients were assigned to intravenous iron and 127 to placebo.Methodson days 1, 3 and 5 after admission, the iron group received 200 mg Venofer® (iron sucrose) in 100 ml saline and the placebo group 100 ml saline. The primary outcome was absolute functional gain, considered as Barthel index (BI) at discharge minus BI on admission. Secondary outcomes included incidence of postoperative delirium according to the confusion assessment method, proportion of patients recovering prior functional status at 3 months, postoperative transfusion requirements, haemoglobin at 3 months, incidence of nosocomial infections and safety.Resultsthe median participant age was 87 (interquartile range, 82.5–91.5) years. Most patients were female (72.7%), and the median previous BI was 81(59–95). No significant effect of intravenous iron was observed for the primary outcome: the median AFG score was 17.1 points (4.8–23.3) in the intravenous iron group and 16 points (6–26) in the placebo group (P = 0.369). No significant treatment effects were observed for other functional outcomes or secondary end points.Conclusionwhile we found no impact of intravenous iron sucrose on functional recovery, incidence of postoperative delirium, transfusion requirements, haemoglobin at 3 months, mortality and nosocomial infections rates in older patients with hip fracture, we did find that the intervention was safe.
Characteristics of postgraduate year 2 ambulatory care pharmacy residency programs in the United States
Authors: Musch Kellie L E , Schreck Tara E , Casper Kristin A , Rodis Jennifer L 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Purpose
A survey was conducted to evaluate the characteristics and structures of postgraduate year 2 (PGY2) ambulatory care pharmacy residency programs in the United States. The survey results can serve as a guide for current and newly emerging programs.

Methods
A 24-question survey was sent to 138 US PGY2 residency program directors (RPDs) in February 2017 to identify key program characteristics, including program type (single-site or multisite), primary practice site, number of residents, length and type of rotations, staffing requirements, additional residency activities, precepting and teaching opportunities, RPD training and credentials, and number and qualifications of preceptors. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the findings.

Results
A 40.6% response rate was achieved. Well over half (57%) of programs had been established within the preceding 5 years. A majority of RPDs reported that their program had 1 (53%) or 2 residents (31%) and/or was a single-site program (80%). Overall, 44 different types of rotations or experiences were offered by the programs. All surveyed programs offered additional teaching opportunities. There were no formal staffing duties in 29% of programs; professional organization membership and conference attendance were highly encouraged but typically not required of residents. Qualifications of the RPD and preceptors closely mirrored those delineated in residency accreditation standards.

Conclusion
There is an increased need for specialized training in ambulatory care in order to prepare pharmacists for the changing landscape in healthcare. The profession is adapting to this need, as evidenced by the rapid growth of PGY2 ambulatory care residency programs. Understanding characteristics can benefit continued growth to meet the needs of the profession.
Effect of tranexamic acid administration time on blood product use in urban trauma patients
Authors: Tencza Elizabeth , Harrell Andrew J , Sarangarm Preeyaporn 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the effect of time to tranexamic acid administration on blood product usage in trauma patients and to assess the potential benefit of initiating a protocol for field administration by ground ambulance personnel.

Methods
Adult patients with traumatic injuries who received 1 g of tranexamic acid during the period January 2014 through June 2016 were retrospectively identified via review of automated dispensing cabinet and electronic medical record data and cross-referencing with the New Mexico Trauma Registry. Exclusion criteria included tranexamic acid use for nontrauma indications, previous admission for trauma during the study period, and a lack of pertinent information regarding the time, type, or severity of trauma in available records. The primary outcome was blood product use (aggregate of units of platelets, packed red blood cells [pRBCs], and fresh frozen plasma [FFP]) in the first 24 hours of hospital admission.

Results
The analysis included 107 patient cases, with a median transport time of 20 minutes (range, 7-103 minutes); 73% of reported transport times were less than 30 minutes. All patients received a loading dose of tranexamic acid in the hospital, with the exception of 2 patients who received tranexamic acid in the field. Administration of a tranexamic acid loading dose was documented within 3 hours for 90.7% of patients, with a mean time to administration of 91.9 minutes. A mean (SD) total of 14.8 (16.0) units of blood products (range, 0-91 units) were administered, consisting of a mean (SD) of 8.0 (8.4) units of pRBCs (range, 0-48 units), 5.6 (7.5) units of FFP (range, 0-38 units), and 1.2 (1.7) units of platelets (range, 0-7 units). Time to tranexamic acid administration did not affect blood product usage in the first 24 hours of admission after adjusting for potential confounders.

Conclusion
Earlier administration of tranexamic acid was not associated with a decrease in use of blood products. This finding, paired with the relatively short ground transport times typical for our institution, makes it unlikely that field administration of tranexamic acid would benefit the evaluated patient population.
Differential regulatory pathways associated with drought-inhibition and post-drought recuperation of rhizome development in perennial grass
Authors: Ma Xiqing , Yu Jingjin , Zhuang Lili , Shi Yi , Meyer William , Huang Bingru 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Rhizomes are key organs for the establishment of perennial grass stands and adaptation to environmental stress. However, mechanisms regulating rhizome initiation and elongation under drought stress and during post-drought recovery remain unclear. The objective of this study is to investigate molecular factors and metabolic processes involved in drought effects and post-drought recovery in rhizome growth in perennial grass species by comparative transcriptomic and proteomic profiling.

Methods
Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) (B-type rhizome genotype, ‘BR’) plants were exposed to drought stress and re-watering in growth chambers. The number and length of rhizomes were measured following drought stress and re-watering. Hormone and sugar contents were analysed, and transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were performed to identify metabolic factors, genes and proteins associated with rhizome development.

Key Results
Rhizome initiation and elongation were inhibited by drought stress, and were associated with increases in the contents of abscisic acid (ABA) and soluble sugars, but declines in the contents of indoleacetic acid (IAA), zeatin riboside (ZR) and gibberellin (GA4). Genes involved in multiple metabolic processes and stress defence systems related to rhizome initiation exhibited different responses to drought stress, including ABA signalling, energy metabolism and stress protection. Drought-inhibition of rhizome elongation could be mainly associated with the alteration of GA4 and antioxidants contents, energy metabolism and stress response proteins. Upon re-watering, new rhizomes were regenerated from rhizome nodes previously exposed to drought stress, which was accompanied by the decline in ABA content and increases in IAA, ZR and GA4, as well as genes and proteins for auxin, lipids, lignin and nitrogen metabolism.

Conclusions
Drought-inhibition of rhizome initiation and elongation in tall fescue was mainly associated with adjustments in hormone metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and stress-defence systems. Rhizome regeneration in response to re-watering involved reactivation of hormone and lipid metabolism, secondary cell-wall development, and nitrogen remobilization and cycling.
PredCID: prediction of driver frameshift indels in human cancer
Authors: Yue Zhenyu , Chu Xinlu , Xia Junfeng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The discrimination of driver from passenger mutations has been a hot topic in the field of cancer biology. Although recent advances have improved the identification of driver mutations in cancer genomic research, there is no computational method specific for the cancer frameshift indels (insertions or/and deletions) yet. In addition, existing pathogenic frameshift indel predictors may suffer from plenty of missing values because of different choices of transcripts during the variant annotation processes. In this study, we proposed a computational model, called PredCID (Predictor for Cancer driver frameshift InDels), for accurately predicting cancer driver frameshift indels. Gene, DNA, transcript and protein level features are combined together and selected for classification with eXtreme Gradient Boosting classifier. Benchmarking results on the cross-validation dataset and independent dataset showed that PredCID achieves better and robust performance compared with existing noncancer-specific methods in distinguishing cancer driver frameshift indels from passengers and is therefore a valuable method for deeper understanding of frameshift indels in human cancer. PredCID is freely available for academic research at http://bioinfo.ahu.edu.cn:8080/PredCID.
Impact of Meningococcal B (4CMenB) Vaccine on Pharyngeal Neisseria meningitidis Carriage Density and Persistence in Adolescents
Authors: McMillan Mark , Walters Luke , Sullivan Thomas , Leong Lex E X , Turra Mark , Lawrence Andrew , Koehler Ann P , Finn Adam , Andrews Ross M , Marshall Helen S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Higher density of Neisseria meningitidis carriage may be associated with transmission of the meningococcus. Our aim was to establish the impact of meningococcal B (4CMenB) vaccine on N. meningitidis carriage density.

Methods
We compared 4CMenB vaccine to control among 913 South Australian students aged approximately 15–18 years in a cluster randomized trial who had N. meningitidis carriage at 12 months. Oropharyngeal swabs were collected at baseline and 12 months later to detect N. meningitidis carriage. Colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) were estimated by generating a standard curve that plotted quantitative polymerase chain reaction cycle threshold values against log-normalized CFU.

Results
Among the 913 students with N. meningitidis carriage at 12 months, there was no difference in mean carriage density between the vaccinated (n = 434; 3.80 log CFU/mL [standard deviation {SD}, 1.29]) and control group (n = 479; 3.73 log CFU/mL [SD, 1.30]; P = .51). Higher N. meningitidis carriage density at baseline was associated with an increase in the odds of persistent carriage at 12 months (n = 504; odds ratio [OR] per 1.0 log CFU/mL increase in density, 1.36 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.17–1.58]; P &lt; .001). Students with baseline carriage who were vaccinated had decreased persistent N. meningitidis carriage at 12 months compared to unvaccinated students (81/260 [31%] vs 105/244 [43%]; OR, 0.60 [95% CI, .40–.90]; P = .01).

Conclusions
4CMenB vaccine did not reduce carriage density of N. meningitidis 12 months postvaccination, despite increased carriage clearance. Higher carriage density is likely to enable transmission through prolonged periods of population exposure.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT03089086.
Deaf Community Cultural Wealth in Community College Students
Authors: Johnson Serena , Stapleton Lissa , Berrett Bryan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Deaf students are members of a linguistic and cultural minority whose background and experiences provide a unique backdrop for the navigation of higher education. Using the framework of Deaf community cultural wealth, this study examines the experiences of Deaf students in community college and their utilization of various forms of capital. Findings showed that they exhibited instances of resistant, navigational, social, and familial capital in accessing and persisting in higher education.
Myocardial infarction or acute coronary syndrome with non-obstructive coronary arteries and sudden cardiac death: a missing connection
Authors: Kosmas Nikolaos , Manolis Antonis S , Dagres Nikolaos , Iliodromitis Efstathios K 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries or any acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with normal or near-normal (non-obstructive) coronary arteries (ACS-NNOCA) is an heterogeneous clinical entity, which includes different pathophysiology mechanisms and is challenging to treat. Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a catastrophic manifestation of ACS that is crucial to prevent and treat urgently. The concurrence of the two conditions has not been adequately studied. This narrative review focuses on the existing literature concerning ACS-NNOCA pathophysiology, with an emphasis on SCD, together with risk and outcome data from clinical trials. There have been no large-scale studies to investigate the incidence of SCD within ACS-NNOCA patients, both early and late in the disease. Some pathophysiology mechanisms that are known to mediate ACS-NNOCA, such as atheromatous plaque erosion, anomalous coronary arteries, and spontaneous coronary artery dissection are documented causes of SCD. Myocardial ischaemia, inflammation, and fibrosis are probably at the core of the SCD risk in these patients. Effective treatments to reduce the relevant risk are still under research. ACS-NNOCA is generally considered as an ACS with more ‘benign’ outcome compared to ACS with obstructive coronary artery disease, but its relationship with SCD remains obscure, especially until its incidence and effective treatment are evaluated.
Sawfly Genomes Reveal Evolutionary Acquisitions That Fostered the Mega-Radiation of Parasitoid and Eusocial Hymenoptera
Authors: Oeyen Jan Philip , Baa-Puyoulet Patrice , Benoit Joshua B , Beukeboom Leo W , Bornberg-Bauer Erich , Buttstedt Anja , Calevro Federica , Cash Elizabeth I , Chao Hsu , Charles Hubert , Chen Mei-Ju May , Childers Christopher , Cridge Andrew G , Dearden Peter , Dinh Huyen , Doddapaneni Harsha Vardhan , Dolan Amanda , Donath Alexander , Dowling Daniel , Dugan Shannon , Duncan Elizabeth , Elpidina Elena N , Friedrich Markus , Geuverink Elzemiek , Gibson Joshua D , Grath Sonja , Grimmelikhuijzen Cornelis J P , Große-Wilde Ewald , Gudobba Cameron , Han Yi , Hansson Bill S , Hauser Frank , Hughes Daniel S T , Ioannidis Panagiotis , Jacquin-Joly Emmanuelle , Jennings Emily C , Jones Jeffery W , Klasberg Steffen , Lee Sandra L , Lesný Peter , Lovegrove Mackenzie , Martin Sebastian , Martynov Alexander G , Mayer Christoph , Montagné Nicolas , Moris Victoria C , Munoz-Torres Monica , Murali Shwetha Canchi , Muzny Donna M , Oppert Brenda , Parisot Nicolas , Pauli Thomas , Peters Ralph S , Petersen Malte , Pick Christian , Persyn Emma , Podsiadlowski Lars , Poelchau Monica F , Provataris Panagiotis , Qu Jiaxin , Reijnders Maarten J M F , von Reumont Björn Marcus , Rosendale Andrew J , Simao Felipe A , Skelly John , Sotiropoulos Alexandros G , Stahl Aaron L , Sumitani Megumi , Szuter Elise M , Tidswell Olivia , Tsitlakidis Evangelos , Vedder Lucia , Waterhouse Robert M , Werren John H , Wilbrandt Jeanne , Worley Kim C , Yamamoto Daisuke S , van de Zande Louis , Zdobnov Evgeny M , Ziesmann Tanja , Gibbs Richard A , Richards Stephen , Hatakeyama Masatsugu , Misof Bernhard , Niehuis Oliver 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe tremendous diversity of Hymenoptera is commonly attributed to the evolution of parasitoidism in the last common ancestor of parasitoid sawflies (Orussidae) and wasp-waisted Hymenoptera (Apocrita). However, Apocrita and Orussidae differ dramatically in their species richness, indicating that the diversification of Apocrita was promoted by additional traits. These traits have remained elusive due to a paucity of sawfly genome sequences, in particular those of parasitoid sawflies. Here, we present comparative analyses of draft genomes of the primarily phytophagous sawfly Athalia rosae and the parasitoid sawfly Orussus abietinus. Our analyses revealed that the ancestral hymenopteran genome exhibited traits that were previously considered unique to eusocial Apocrita (e.g., low transposable element content and activity) and a wider gene repertoire than previously thought (e.g., genes for CO2 detection). Moreover, we discovered that Apocrita evolved a significantly larger array of odorant receptors than sawflies, which could be relevant to the remarkable diversification of Apocrita by enabling efficient detection and reliable identification of hosts.
Earthquake productivity law
Authors: Shebalin P N , Narteau C , Baranov S V 
Published: May 2020

SUMMARY
Mechanisms of stress transfer and probabilistic models have been widely investigated to explain earthquake clustering features. However, these approaches are still far from being able to link individual events and to determine the number of earthquakes caused by a single event. An alternative approach based on proximity functions allows us to generate hierarchical clustering trees and to identify pairs of nearest-neighbours between consecutive levels of hierarchy. Then, the productivity of an earthquake is the number of events of the next level to which it is linked. Using a relative magnitude threshold ΔM to account for scale invariance in the triggering process, we show that the ΔM-productivity attached to each event is a random variable that follows an exponential distribution. The exponential rate of this distribution does not depend on the magnitude of triggering events and systematically decreases with depth. These results could now be used to characterize active fault systems and improve epidemic models of seismicity.