bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of the Exeter V40 cemented femoral stem at a minimum of ten years in a non-designer centre
Authors: Mahon John , McCarthy Cathal Jack , Sheridan Gerard A. , Cashman James P. , O'Byrne John M. , Kenny Paddy 
Published: December 2020

Aims The Exeter V40 cemented femoral stem was first introduced in 2000. The largest single-centre analysis of this implant to date was published in 2018 by Westerman et al. Excellent results were reported at a minimum of ten years for the first 540 cases performed at the designer centre in the Exeter NHS Trust, with stem survivorship of 96.8%. The aim of this current study is to report long-term outcomes and survivorship for the Exeter V40 stem in a non-designer centre. Methods All patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty using the Exeter V40 femoral stem between 1 January 2005 and 31 January 2010 were eligible for inclusion. Data were collected prospectively, with routine follow-up at six to 12 months, two years, five years, and ten years. Functional outcomes were assessed using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores. Outcome measures included data on all components in situ beyond ten years, death occurring within ten years with components in situ, and all-cause revision surgery. Results A total of 829 stems in 745 patients were included in the dataset; 155 patients (20.8%) died within ten years, and of the remaining 664 stems, 648 stems (97.6%) remained in situ beyond ten years. For the 21 patients (2.5%) undergoing revision surgery, 16 femoral stems (1.9%) were revised and 18 acetabular components (2.2%) were revised. Indications for revision in order of decreasing frequency were infection (n = 6), pain (n = 6), aseptic component loosening (n = 3), periprosthetic fracture (n = 3), recurrent dislocation (n = 2), and noise production (ceramic-on-ceramic squeak) (n = 1). One patient was revised for aseptic stem loosening. The mean preoperative WOMAC score was 61 (SD 15.9) with a mean postoperative score of 20.4 (SD 19.3) (n = 732; 88.3%). Conclusion The Exeter V40 cemented femoral stem demonstrates excellent functional outcomes and survival when used in a high volume non-designer centre. Outcomes are comparable to those of its serially validated predecessor, the Exeter Universal stem. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2020;1-12:743–748.
Situating Vocational Learning and Teaching Using Digital Technologies - A Mapping Review of Current Research Literature
Authors: Dobricki Martin , Evi-Colombo Alessia , Cattaneo Alberto 
Published: December 2020

Context: The ongoing change of work life by digital technologies requires vocational education and training (VET) to adapt constantly. This "digital transformation" of work life gives therefore rise to the question how to advance the use of digital technologies in VET. A possible answer may be found by considering that VET should be transferable to work life. This goal may be achieved by coupling educational activities with examples of work situations. Such situated education may be accomplished by using digital technologies. Until five years ago this mainly consisted in using digital photos, videos, and the internet for educational scaffolding or learning tasks. In research this situated digital VET taxonomy is currently expanding. Hence, the use of digital technologies in VET may be advanced by considering current research literature on situated digital VET.Method: Here, we have searched and reviewed scientific publications on situated digital VET published in the past five years. In the peer-reviewed publications that we had selected, we first identified which digital technologies were used for situated VET and which educational activities were coupled with work situation examples. Subsequently, we identified the categories to which the publications could be grouped together by analyzing the content of their full texts. Results: Situated digital VET was accomplished in about half of the reviewed publications by a digital video on a work situation, and in almost half of the publications by a work situation presented in a 3D virtual environment. Digital videos on work situations mostly served all types of learning tasks and rather rarely educational scaffolding. Work situations presented in 3D virtual environments mostly served cognitive or behavioral learning tasks and never educational scaffolding. Situated digital VET was moreover accomplished by using the digital representation of a work situation that either had occurred previously or that was immediately taking place. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that retrospectively and immediately situated digital VET may be the two categories of an up-to-date basic taxonomy of situated digital VET. Hence, an important question to investigate for advancing the use of digital technologies in VET is the following: Which of the two identified types of situated digital VET can facilitate which kind of vocational learning? Based on the reviewed publications we are not able to give any answers to this. Hence, there is a massive need to investigate which kind of vocational learning can be facilitated by retrospectively, and which by immediately situated digital VET.
Electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation using high-intensity femtosecond laser pulses over the observable optical breakdown threshold
Authors: Fujii Takashi , Sato Masahiro , Nakamura Shin , Kumada Akiko , Miki Megumu , Oishi Yuji 
Published: December 2020

We investigated the performance of electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation (E-FISHG) by spectroscopic measurement using high-intensity femtosecond laser pulses. The second-harmonic intensity increased quadratically versus the applied electric field, as expected from the theory, up to 15 kV/cm with the laser energy up to 2.5 mJ, which is

times higher than the observable optical breakdown threshold. In addition, when the laser energy was 2.8 mJ,

times signal intensity at 0.23 mJ was obtained. These results suggest that the electric-field measurement by E-FISHG with high-intensity second harmonics is expected by using high-intensity laser pulses above the observable optical breakdown threshold. Spectroscopic measurement shows no E-FISHG of white light generated by self-phase modulation in laser-induced filament.
Simultaneous laser frequency stabilization to an optical cavity and an iodine frequency reference
Authors: Sanjuan Jose , Abich Klaus , Blümel Ludwig , Gohlke Martin , Gualani Vivek , Oswald Markus , Wegehaupt Timm , Schuldt Thilo , Braxmaier Claus 
Published: December 2020

In this Letter, we demonstrate a method to combine a molecular iodine
absolute frequency reference with a high-finesse optical cavity in a
single laser to take advantage of the frequency stability properties
of both systems at different time scales. The result is a laser
exhibiting the long-term and short-term stability levels of the iodine
frequency reference and optical cavity, respectively. The method uses
frequency offset side-band locking and an acousto-optical modulator
driven ac-coupled servo-loop to correct the iodine’s short-term
frequency fluctuations. Experimental results show cavity-limited
stability at 1 Hz of

10

−
15

1

/

H
z

and iodine stability below 10 mHz of

10

−
13

1

/

H
z

. In terms of the Allan deviation,
this corresponds to stability levels close to the

10

−
15

at 1 s and

10

−
14

for observation times

>

100

s

.
Polarization-insensitive, high-gain parametric amplification of radially polarized femtosecond pulses
Authors: Zhong Haizhe , Liang Chengchuan , Dai Shengying , Huang Jiefeng , Hu Saisai , Xu Changwen , Qian Liejia 
Published: December 2020

Radially polarized lasers, in contrast to the conventional Gaussian laser mode, possess unique features such as sharp focusing and strong longitudinal fields. Thus far, radially polarized femtosecond pulses have been produced only by low-power devices such as mode-locked resonators and segmented half-wave plates. It is imperative to solve the bottleneck problem in generating higher powers and shorter durations. This paper reports on a polarization-insensitive, high-gain optical parametric amplifier for radially polarized femtosecond pulses, which works at type-II phase-matching and approximately degenerate wavelength. We experimentally demonstrate

>

1000

-fold amplification of radially polarized

∼

400

f
s

pulses at 1610 nm, via chirped

∼

280

f
s

pumping at 800 nm, with the axially symmetric intensity profile and radial polarization state both being well-maintained within a 20 nm spectral range. With currently available high-energy picosecond pumping, the demonstrated amplification scheme will be promising to create radially polarized femtosecond pulses with ultrahigh powers and may facilitate future applications such as strong-field physics.
Relationship between the strength of craving as assessed by the Tobacco Craving Index and success of quitting smoking in Japanese smoking cessation therapy
Authors: Taniguchi Chie , Saka Hideo , Oze Isao , Nakamura Sumie , Nozaki Yasuhiro , Tanaka Hideo 
Published: December 2020

Background
We previously developed the Tobacco Craving Index (TCI) to assess craving of smokers. In the present study, we validated the relationship between the TCI grade over the 5 sessions of Japanese smoking cessation therapy (SCT) and success of quitting smoking among 889 Japanese patients.

Methods
The Japanese SCT consists of 5 sessions of SCT (first session and sessions 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks later). In the TCI questionnaire, patients are asked to rate their strength of craving and frequency of craving, each on a four-point Likert scale. Patients are classified into one of four grades based on their responses (0, I, II, III, with III indicating severe craving). The TCI questionnaire was administered to each participant at each session of the SCT. This study included participants of Japanese SCT who answered the TCI at the first session of the SCT at five Japanese smoking cessation clinics. Patients who dropped out of the SCT from the second to the fifth sessions were considered to have failed smoking cessation. To elucidate how much the TCI grade predicts smoking status at the last session, we performed multivariate logistic regression analysis with adjustment for confounding factors.

Results
Participants who had higher TCI grade(III) in the 2nd through 5th sessions showed significantly lower probability for success of quitting smoking than those who had lower TCI grades(0 or I) (adjusted odds ratio: 2nd session: 0.30, 3rd session: 0.15, 4th session: 0.06, 5th session: 0.02).

Conclusions
We validated the usefulness of the TCI grade for assessing probability of quitting smoking by using a large number of smoking cessation settings.
Descartes et la généalogie de la théodicée moderne chez Leibniz et Malebranche
Authors: Gatto Alfredo 
Published: December 2020

Résumé: Cet article vise à analyser la réception de la théorie cartésienne des vérités éternelles dans les œuvres de Leibniz et Malebranche. Les deux auteurs ont critiqué et refusé ses prémisses pour éviter les conséquences dont ils pensaient qu’elles découlaient de la doctrine de Descartes. L’objectif est celui de démontrer qu’on ne peut pas comprendre pleinement leurs réflexions sans les interpréter à la lumière de la théorie cartésienne, dans la mesure où elle représente la condition critique de possibilité de leur approche philosophique.
Mots-clés: Théodicée Moderne. Vérités Éternelles. Descartes. Leibniz. Malebranche.
Descartes and the genealogy of modern theodicy in Leibniz and Malebranche
Abstract: This article aims to analyze the reception of the Cartesian theory of the eternal truths in the works of Leibniz and Malebranche. Both authors criticized and refused the premises of Descartes’ doctrine in order to avoid the consequences they believed derived from it. The main goal is to demonstrate that we cannot fully understand their reflections without interpreting them in the light of the Cartesian theory, as it represents the critical condition of possibility of their philosophical approach.
Key-words: Modern Theodicy. Eternal Truths. Descartes. Leibniz. Malebranche.
Descartes e a genealogia da teodiceia moderna em Leibniz e Malebranche
Resumo: Este artigo propõe-se a analisar a recepção da teoria de Descartes das verdades eternas nas obras de Leibniz e Malebranche. Os dois autores criticaram e recusaram as premissas cartesianas para evitar as consequências que eles pensavam dependentes da doutrina. O objetivo é demonstrar que não podemos compreender plenamente as reflexões de Leibniz e Malebranche sem interpretá-las à luz da teoria cartesiana, como se essa doutrina representasse a condição crítica de possibilidade da sua abordagem filosófica.
Palavras-chave: Teodiceia Moderna. Verdades Eternas. Descartes. Leibniz. Malebranche
Uma viagem rumo aos outros cantos rezendianos
Authors: Rodrigues Lobo Isabela 
Published: December 2020

Este artigo examina como se configurou a literatura de viagem no Brasil, para delinear como é construída a narradora-viajante de Outros cantos, de Maria Valéria Rezende, e, em que medida a trama flerta e rompe com as características clássicas das narrativas de estrada nacionais. Somado a isso, outro ponto fundamental tratado será a relação entre a viagem e a figuração do tempo na narrativa. Para isso abordar-se-á os aspectos sublinhados, especialmente, pela estudiosa Flora Sussekind. No romance de Rezende a problemática do deslocamento é uma chave de leitura importante que permeia toda a narrativa. A protagonista Maria é apresentada ao leitor, no plano do presente, dentro de um ônibus, rememorando uma experiência de quarenta anos atrás, durante uma viagem de retorno ao sertão nordestino, e no plano do passado, como uma espécie de forasteira recém-chegada a um desconhecido local, na mesma região. Visto que o relato de viagem está presente de forma central nos dois planos do enredo, constata-se que a viagem é um ponto essencial para a compreensão da narrativa, e por isso o foco desta investigação.
Wire Ropes in Crane Applications – Current State of the Standardization Work of ISO/WD 16625
Authors: Reinl Judith , Golder Markus 
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, modern standards apply the proof of competence method to prove that a design force does not exceed a certain limit to ensure a certain safety level. Furthermore, standards elaborated during the last years apply a cycle-based approach instead of a time-based approach. The shortcomings of the standard ISO 16625:2013 need to be addressed in a revision. Therefore, a working group WG3 of ISO/TC 96 SC3 has been established in 2015 to prepare a new working draft ISO/WD 16625. Objectives are to adopt a cycle-based approach and to incorporate proofs of competence for static strength and fatigue strength for running ropes and stationary ropes, based on scientific inputs. The research work about steel wire ropes by the University of Stuttgart and the Technical University of Dresden developed the method Stuttgart and the method Leipzig, both representing regression models to determine the attainable number of bending cycles of a wire rope. The present paper briefly explains the method Leipzig and the method Stuttgart in chapter 3. In chapter 4, the partly implementation of findings from the method Stuttgart to the standard EN 13001-3-2:2014 is discussed and shortcomings are identified. Those shortcomings have also been addressed by the new developed concept of ISO/WD 16625 that is outlined in chapter 5. Finally, chapter 6 provides an overview on the revised ISO/WD 16625 to conclude the current state of the standardization work.
A new vernal species of Hesperapis from the lower Midwestern United States (Hymenoptera: Melittidae)
Authors: Engel Michael S. , Michez Denis 
Published: December 2020

A new species of vernal Hesperapis Cockerell (Melittidae: Dasypodainae: Hesperapini) is described and figured from localities spanning Texas, Oklahoma, and southern Kansas in the United States. Hesperapis (Carinapis) infuscata Engel & Michez, new species, is distinguished from its relatives in subgenus Carinapis Stage and particularly the carinata species group, to which it belongs. The species is most notable for the apically infuscate wings and is possibly specialized (broadly oligolectic) on Gaillardia Foug., Helianthus L., Ratibida Raf., and Rudbeckia L. (Asteraceae).
Muros poéticos: La práctica artística como una herramienta de transformación social y cultural en el contexto urbano
Authors: Figueras Ferrer Eva 
Published: December 2020

Para muchos artistas urbanos nacidos en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, la calle es el marco y el soporte de sus propuestas creativas. A través de sus mensajes poéticos la reivindican como espacio para el arte y se convierten en constructores de ambientes y de formas de vida integral, ya que conciben el espacio urbano como la suma de espacio físico y psíquico con el que interactúa el peatón generando un proceso creativo.
Algunas de las intervenciones urbanas de naturaleza participativa se proyectan y ejecutan con una clara aportación social y educativa. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar distintos proyectos urbanos colaborativos de creación artística que inviten a cuestionar aspectos de la sociedad y promover, por lo tanto, un arte y una sensibilización educativa inclusiva, que aporten valores igualitarios que permitan afrontar retos como la conciencia de la ecología, el hambre, la violencia machista y, por supuesto, cambiar actitudes y comportamientos.
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of therapy with brentuximab vedotin, nivolumab and pembrolizumab in patients with relapsed Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Authors: Avxentyev N. A. , Pazuhina E. M. , Tumyan G. S. , Zeynalova P. A. 
Published: December 2020

Background. In the Russian Federation, in 2018 3,207 new cases of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) were detected, mainly in adults. Despite significant advances in the treatment of this disease, approximately 20–30 % of patients develop relapses. High-dose chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the standard 2nd line therapy. Patients with relapse after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have a poor prognosis. Brentuximab vedotin, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab are indicated for treatment of relapsed HL after autologous stem cell transplantation.The objective of this study is to conduct budget impact analysis of increasing the share of patients with relapsed HL, who are treated with brentuximab vedotin.Materials and methods. We estimated medication costs of using brentuximab vedotin, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab based on clinical trials data. The number of patients who annually start treatment using these alternatives was determined using data on purchases of drugs by public health funds in 2019. Budget impact was defined as the difference in public health expenditures on medications in case of increase in brentuximab vedotin share by 10 or 20 percentage points compared to current practice, with a proportional decrease in the share of patients, who receive nivolumab or pembrolizumab. Time horizon was 6 years.Results. Expenses for treatment of a single patient with relapsed HL within 6-year study horizon using brentuximab vedotin (7.07 million rubles) were 2.15 million rubles less than in case of treatment with nivolumab, and 4.38 million rubles less than for pembrolizumab. There are 295 patients with relapsed HL, who start treatment with brentuximab vedotin, nivolumab or pembrolizumab annually. If the proportion of patients, who start therapy using brentuximab vedotin, increases from the current 60 % to 70 %, cost savings over 6 years will be 171 million rubles, which corresponds to extra 24 patients who can be treated using brentuximab vedotin without increasing budget expenditures. If the proportion of patients with relapsed HL receiving brentuximab vedotin increases to 80 %, savings in public health funds over 6 years will amount to 341 million rubles, which allows treating 48 additional patients with brentuximab vedotin without budget increase.Conclusion. Brentuximab vedotin is a cost-saving treatment option of relapsed HL, compared to nivolumab and pembrolizumab. Increasing share of patients, who receive brentuximab vedotin, allows treating additional patients without increase in public health budget.
Anorexia-cachexia syndrome in cancer patients: pathogenetic aspects and treatment options
Authors: Snegovoy A. V. , Larionova V. B. , Kononenko I. V. 
Published: December 2020

Background. Modern standards for the treatment of both solid tumors and tumors of the blood system provide a mandatory assessment of the objective status of the patient. One of the important criteria of which is nutritional status. Underestimating the role of nutritional support in the treatment of cancer patients leads to a deterioration of treatment results due to the progressive deterioration of nutritional status and the development of cancer anorexia cachexia syndrome (CACS), which is an independent adverse factor leading to the death of the patient. The increase in the number of cancer patients with risk factors for CACS development requires not only close attention of clinicians to this problem, but also the development of clear recommendations for the diagnosis and management of such patients. This can contribute to solving several problems at once. First, it will allow optimizing monitoring of cancer patients predisposed to CACS development during anticancer treatment. Secondly, it will provide an opportunity to develop a diagnostic algorithm to prevent it. Third, the use of the identified criteria for predicting and outcome of complications both on an outpatient basis and in a hospital will be aimed at creating favorable conditions for anticancer therapy and thereby improving long-term treatment results and patients quality of life. Studying the mechanisms of development of CACS, the possibilities of correcting this condition, indicate the need for a multimodal concept and the rejection of the search for a “magic pill”. The results of a multicenter, prospective randomized study conducted in the oncology and hematology departments of healthcare institutions.Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of FortiCare oral nutritional support in cancer patients under the real clinical practice.Materials and methods. The study included 96 patients with stage II–IV tumors. Radiation therapy was received by 28 patients, chemotherapy ‒ by 68 patients. Patient information was collected using an individual registration card. The patients were randomized according to nutritional support tactics (1:1). In the study group, with radiation (n = 14) and chemotherapy (n = 34), patients received enteral nutrition Forticare orally 125 ml 3 times a day in parallel with their usual diet. Patients in the control group during radiation therapy (n = 14) received the required amount of calories from their usual diet. During chemotherapy, patients in the control group (n = 34) with a lack of daily calorie intake received additional parenteral nutrition.Results and conclusion. While taking FortiCare, there was a smaller loss of body weight (p ≤0.05), a frequency of mucositis of the oral cavity, and esophagitis (p >0.05). With chemotherapy, the incidence of diarrhea (p <0.001) and constipation (p <0.05) was detected less frequently than in the control group. A decrease in the frequency of hematological toxicity (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia) was noted (p >0.05).