bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Availability of culture filtrate protein‐10 (CFP‐10) secreted from Mycobacterium pseudoshottsii for mycobacteriosis diagnosis in ginbuna crucian carp Carrasius auratus langsdorfii
Authors: Matsumoto Megumi , Hayashi Kazuma , Araki Kyosuke , Nakanishi Teruyuki , Yamamoto Atsushi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMycobacteriosis in cultured fish is a challenge for the aquaculture industry worldwide. Treatment by chemical administration is difficult and no effective vaccine has been developed. Therefore, detection and isolation by early diagnosis are important for prevention of the spread of the disease. In mammals, interferon gamma release assays have been established for detection of tuberculosis; these tests are based on the delayed‐type hypersensitivity (DTH) response against culture filtrate protein‐10 (CFP‐10) and the 6‐kDa early secreted antigen target (ESAT‐6) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. On the other hand, little is known about the fish immune response against the ESAT‐6 and CFP‐10 proteins of mycobacteria, although these responses should find application in the diagnosis of mycobacteriosis in fish. In the present study, we identified ESAT‐6 and CFP‐10 from Mycobacterium pseudoshottsii and cloned the corresponding genes. Intraperitoneal injection of the corresponding DNA plasmid constructs in ginbuna crucian carp yielded increased expression of the fish interferon‐γ1‐1‐encoding gene (IFN‐γ1‐1). In contrast, IFN‐γ1‐1 expression accompanied by DTH response was observed only in the CFP‐10‐DNA plasmid‐injected fish. Furthermore, fish that had been prophylactically injected with CFP‐10‐DNA plasmid exhibited increased survival of M. pseudoshottsii infection. Taken together, these results suggested that CFP‐10 may facilitate diagnosis of mycobacteriosis.
An integrated model of real estate market responses to coastal flooding
Authors: Chandra‐Putra Handi , Andrews Clinton J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUnderstanding and improving how humans adapt to climate change are priorities in our research community, and coastal settlements are good places to study adaptation. Severe storm events and sea‐level rise are threatening coastal communities with increasing levels of flood damage. Because ownership of coastal assets is distributed among many private and public actors, both individual property owners and public officials must take adaptive actions. This paper introduces an integrated agent‐based and hedonic pricing modeling system to simulate coastal real estate market performance under non‐equilibrium conditions that reflect the effects of storm events. The modeling system, which is used for policy analysis, is calibrated to conditions in two towns in Monmouth County, New Jersey, USA, which were badly damaged by Hurricane Sandy in 2012. The key findings are that (a) coastal real estate markets capitalize flood risk into property values but this discount diminishes rapidly as time passes between storm events, and (b) there is a distinct equity versus efficiency tradeoff in designing public policies to reduce the cost to society of coastal flooding. Stringent regulation of building practices reduces flood damage but drives away poorer home buyers and owners, whereas informational and incentive‐based policies are fairer but less effective. Hands‐off, market‐based retreat from risky areas is socially costly but allows less wealthy people to remain at the shore, albeit in vulnerable situations. Managed retreat should emphasize improved recreational access to coastal amenities while discouraging people from living there.
Expansion microscopy for the analysis of centrioles and cilia
Authors: SAHABANDU N. , KONG D. , MAGIDSON V. , NANJUNDAPPA R. , SULLENBERGER C. , MAHJOUB M.R. , LONCAREK J. 
Published: November 2019

SummaryCentrioles are vital cellular structures that organise centrosomes and cilia. Due to their subresolutional size, centriole ultrastructural features have been traditionally analysed by electron microscopy. Here we present an adaptation of magnified analysis of the proteome expansion microscopy method, to be used for a robust analysis of centriole number, duplication status, length, structural abnormalities and ciliation by conventional optical microscopes. The method allows the analysis of centriole's structural features from large populations of adherent and nonadherent cells and multiciliated cultures. We validate the method using EM and superresolution microscopy and show that it can be used as an affordable and reliable alternative to electron microscopy in the analysis of centrioles and cilia in various cell cultures.Lay DescriptionCentrioles are microtubule‐based structures organised as ninefold symmetrical cylinders which are, in human cells, ∼500 nm long and ∼230 nm wide. Centrioles assemble dozens of proteins around them forming centrosomes, which nucleate microtubules and organise spindle poles in mitosis. Centrioles, in addition, assemble cilia and flagella, two critically important organelles for signalling and motility. Due to centriole small size, electron microscopy has been a major imaging technique for the analysis of their ultrastructural features. However, being technically demanding, electron microscopy it is not easily available to the researchers and it is rarely used to collect large datasets. Expansion microscopy is an emerging approach in which biological specimens are embedded in a swellable polymer and isotopically expanded several fold. Physical separation of cellular structures allows the analysis of, otherwise unresolvable, structures by conventional optical microscopes. We present an adaptation of expansion microscopy approach, specifically developed for a robust analysis of centrioles and cilia. Our protocol can be used for the analysis of centriole number, duplication status, length, localisation of various centrosomal components and ciliation from large populations of cultured adherent and nonadherent cells and multiciliated cultures. We validate the method against electron microscopy and superresolution microscopy and demonstrate that it can be used as an accessible and reliable alternative to electron microscopy.
Iron potentiates microglial interleukin‐1β secretion induced by amyloid‐β
Authors: Nnah Israel C. , Lee Chih‐Hao , Wessling-Resnick Marianne 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by accumulation of amyloid‐beta (Aβ) senile plaques in patients’ brain tissues. Elevated levels of interleukin‐1beta (IL‐1β) have been identified in cerebrospinal fluid of living AD patients and in animal models of AD. Increased expression of IL‐1β and iron accumulation have been identified in microglial cells that cluster around amyloid plaques in AD mouse models and post‐mortem brain tissues of AD patients. The goals of this study were to determine the effects of Aβ on the secretion of IL‐1β by microglial cells and whether iron status influences this pro‐inflammatory signaling cue. Immortalized microglial (IMG) cells were incubated with Aβ with or without iron. qRT‐PCR and western blot analyses showed that Aβ induces biosynthesis of IL‐1β by IMG cells. IMG cells secrete the mature form of IL‐1β in a caspase 1‐dependent manner. Incubation with iron provoked a greater pro‐inflammatory response. Inhibition of the iron transporter divalent metal transporter 1 protected IMG cells against Aβ‐induced inflammation. Potentiation of Aβ‐elicited IL‐1β induction by iron was also antagonized by ROS inhibitors, supporting the model that divalent metal transporter 1‐mediated iron loading and subsequent increase in ROS contribute to the inflammatory effects of Aβ in microglia. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence microscopy indicate that iron enhances Aβ activation of NF‐κB signaling to promote IL‐1β synthesis. These results support the hypothesis that Aβ stimulates IL‐1β expression by activating NF‐κB signaling in microglia cells. Most importantly, iron appears to exacerbate the pro‐inflammatory effects of Aβ to increase IL‐1β levels.
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Radiofrequency therapy in esthetic dermatology: A review of clinical evidences
Authors: Bonjorno Andreia Regina , Gomes Tatiana Bertacin , Pereira Marli Crisitna , de Carvalho Camila Miranda , Gabardo Marilisa Carneiro Leão , Kaizer Marina R. , Zielak João Cesar 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundChronological skin aging causes the modification of genetic material through enzymes and proteins changes. The process reduces cellular proliferation, along with loss of tissue elasticity, reduced ability to regulate aqueous exchanges, and inefficient tissue replication. Appearance is negatively affected by cumulative changes in coloration, texture, and elasticity over time. The increase in the population's average life expectancy boosts the search for cosmetic therapies that can delay aging, mostly for the noninvasive modalities. Among the various options, radiofrequency therapy is a technique that can help reduce the effects of skin aging.AimTherefore, this study aims to review clinical evidence provided by scientific literature on the benefits of using radiofrequency therapy in reducing skin aging effects.MethodsA review of the literature concerning skin aging, characteristics of radiofrequency therapy, and radiofrequency therapy in the treatment of skin laxity and mechanism of action was conducted using PubMed.ResultsThe included studies have suggested that the mechanism of radiofrequency action is heating the dermis while preserving the epidermis. This heating causes immediate collagen denaturation, which is followed by the formation of new collagen, naturally providing skin tightening and greater elasticity.ConclusionEven when used as single therapeutic modality, radiofrequency seems to meet the expectations in reducing the effects of skin aging.
Sexual satisfaction and self‐esteem in women with acne
Authors: Beisert Maria , Pilarczyk Katarzyna , Zakrzewska Marzenna , Pawlaczyk Mariola 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundA significant number of problems related to mental and social functioning is a common occurrence in patients with acne.AimsThe aim of our study was to determine how acne affects self‐esteem and sexual satisfaction in the affected women.Patients/MethodsThe study was conducted among 90 women, aged 18‐51 years (mean 30.29 ± 7.10), diagnosed with acne. Demographic data, medical history and information concerning their sexual life were obtained from all study participants. After dermatological assessment of lesion location and severity, all subjects completed the following questionnaires: Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale, Sexual Self‐Esteem Inventory, Body Attitudes Questionnaire, and Whitley Sexual Satisfaction Inventory.ResultsTwo factors—lesion severity and self‐assessment of the body—proved to shape the sexual satisfaction of women, but the influence turned out to be mediated through self‐esteem.ConclusionAcne proves to play an important negative role in female sexuality and satisfaction.
Metoprolol protects against myocardial infarction by inhibiting miR-1 expression in rats
Authors: Qin Wei , Zhang Longyin , Li Zhange , Xiao Dan , Zhang Yue , Yang Huan , Zhang Haiying , Xu Chaoqian , Zhang Yong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Metoprolol is regarded as a first-line medicine for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of miR-1 in the pharmacological function of metoprolol.

Methods
In vivo MI model was established by left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation. The effects of metoprolol on infarct size and cardiac dysfunction were determined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining and cardiac echocardiography, respectively. In vitro oxidative stress cardiomyocyte model was established by H2O2 treatment. The effect of metoprolol on the expression of miR-1 and connexin43 (Cx43) was quantified by real-time PCR and western blot, respectively. The intercellular communication was evaluated by lucifer yellow dye diffusion.

Key findings
Left anterior descending ligation-induced MI injury was markedly attenuated by metoprolol as shown by reduced infarct size and better cardiac function. Metoprolol reversed the up-regulation of miR-1 and down-regulation of Cx43 in MI heart. Moreover, in H2O2-stimulated cardiomyocytes, overexpression of miR-1 abolished the effects of metoprolol on Cx43 up-regulation and increased intercellular communication, indicating that miR-1 may be a necessary mediator for the cardiac protective function of metoprolol.

Conclusions
Metoprolol relieves MI injury via suppression miR-1, thus increasing its target protein Cx43 and improving intercellular communication.
Immunophenotypic characterization and clinical outcome in cats with lymphocytosis
Authors: Rout Emily D. , Labadie Julia D. , Curran Kaitlin M. , Yoshimoto Janna A. , Avery Anne C. , Avery Paul R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundLymphocytosis is relatively common in cats, but few studies describe lymphocyte populations or the clinical course associated with different immunophenotypic expansions.Hypothesis/ObjectivesWe hypothesized that cats frequently develop non‐neoplastic lymphocytosis and that different neoplastic immunophenotypes have variable prognoses. We aimed to characterize the lymphocyte expansions in a large population of cats with lymphocytosis and to assess clinical presentation and outcome in a subset.AnimalsThree cohorts of cats older than 1 year with lymphocytosis (>6000/μL) were examined to define immunophenotypic categories (n = 146), evaluate outcome (n = 94), and determine prevalence of immunophenotypes (n = 350).MethodsRetrospective study of cats with blood submitted for flow cytometry. Medical records (n = 94) were reviewed for clinical data, treatment, and survival information.ResultsFive major immunophenotypic categories were identified: B cell, heterogeneous (≥2 lineages expanded), CD4+ T cell, CD4−CD8− (double negative [DN]) T cell, and CD5‐low‐expressing T cell. B‐cell and heterogeneous phenotypes were more consistent with a non‐neoplastic process, having polyclonal antigen receptor gene rearrangements, younger age at presentation, lower lymphocyte counts, and prolonged survival. The neoplastic phenotypes, CD4+ T cell, DN T cell, and CD5 low T cell, had different median survival times (752 days [n = 37], 271 days [n = 7], 27.5 days [n = 12], respectively). Among CD4+ T‐cell cases, cats with abdominal lymphadenopathy, intestinal involvement, or both and females had shorter survival. Among 350 cats with lymphocytosis, CD4+ T‐cell lymphocytosis was most common, followed by heterogeneous and B‐cell phenotypes.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceNeoplastic CD4+ T‐cell lymphocytosis is common in cats and has a prolonged clinical course compared to aberrant T‐cell phenotypes. Cats with heterogeneous and B‐cell lymphocyte expansions commonly have non‐neoplastic disease.
Do exonerees face employment discrimination similar to actual offenders?
Authors: Kukucka Jeff , Applegarth Heather K. , Mello Abby L. 
Published: November 2019

PurposeGiven that criminal offenders face employment discrimination (Ahmed & Lang, 2017,IZA Journal of Labor Policy,6) and wrongly convicted individuals are stereotyped similarly to offenders (Clow & Leach, 2015,Legal and Criminological Psychology,20, 147), we tested the hypothesis that exonerees – despite their innocence – face employment discrimination comparable to actual offenders.MethodsExperienced hiring professionals (N = 82) evaluated a job application that was identical apart from the applicant's criminal history (i.e., offender, exoneree, or none).ResultsAs predicted, professionals formed more negative impressions of both the exoneree and offender – but unexpectedly, they stereotyped exonerees and offenders somewhat differently. Compared to the control applicant, professionals desired to contact more of the exoneree's references, and they offered the exoneree a lower wage.ConclusionsParadoxically, exonerees may be worse off than offenders to the extent that exonerees also face employment discrimination but have access to fewer resources. As the exoneree population continues to grow, research can and should inform policies and legislation in ways that will facilitate exonerees’ reintegration.
Changes in transcription start sites of Zap1‐regulated genes during zinc deficiency: Implications for HNT1 gene regulation
Authors: Tatip Supinda , Taggart Janet , Wang Yirong , MacDiarmid Colin W. , Eide David J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractChanges in RNA are often poor predictors of protein accumulation. One factor disrupting this relationship are changes in transcription start sites (TSSs). Therefore, we explored how alterations in TSS affected expression of genes regulated by the Zap1 transcriptional activator of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Zap1 controls their response to zinc deficiency. Among over 80 known Zap1‐regulated genes, several produced long leader transcripts (LLTs) in one zinc status condition and short leader transcripts (SLTs) in the other. Fusing LLT and SLT transcript leaders to green fluorescent protein indicated that for five genes, the start site shift likely has little effect on protein synthesis. For four genes, however, the different transcript leaders greatly affected translation. We focused on the HNT1 gene. Zap1 caused a shift from SLT HNT1 RNA in zinc‐replete cells to LLT HNT1 RNA in deficient cells. This shift correlated with decreased protein production despite increased RNA. The LLT RNA contains multiple upstream open reading frames that can inhibit translation. Expression of the LLT HNT1 RNA was dependent on Zap1. However, expression of the long transcript was not required to decrease SLT HNT1 mRNA. Our results suggest that the Zap1‐activated LLT RNA is a “fail‐safe” mechanism to ensure decreased Hnt1 protein in zinc deficiency.
The renaissance of sausage: The role of Kranjska sausage in the contemporary process of reconstructing the Slovenian nation
Authors: Mlekuž Jernej 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe article discusses the contemporary reconstruction of the Kranjska sausage as a national dish by exploring different actors in this process. This representative culinary object played a significant role in the formation and development of Slovene national consciousness from the Spring of Nations onward, faced devaluation in socialist era and experienced a renaissance in the new millennium, when it was also given a role in the project of the construction of the nation‐state. The modern rebirth of the Kranjska sausage is presented as an interrelated and complex process due to many factors: the efforts of an influential ethnologist, the role of an institution dedicated to the Kranjska sausage, and other persons, groups, and institutions with different objectives, ideas, and understandings. The article conceptualizes nationalizing as an everyday practice, as a network, or collection of people, practices, places, institutions, ideologies, objects, technologies, and ideas that define people's subjectivity and shape their actions and imaginations.
Development and validation of a Chinese‐language instrument measuring empowerment needs of patients after a percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: He Ping‐ping , Shen Qian‐qian , Chen Ye‐shi , Yu Juping , Li Zhao‐xia , Ouyang Xin‐ping 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPatient empowerment has been shown to have some positive impacts on self‐efficacy, self‐esteem, and recovery. However, information about the empowerment needs of patients after a percutaneous coronary intervention is scarce. The aim of this study was to develop a Chinese‐language instrument to measure empowerment needs of such patients. The initial instrument was generated based on a literature review and interviews with patients after a percutaneous coronary intervention procedure. Content validity was tested with a panel of experts using the Delphi method. In total, 226 patients were recruited for psychometric tests using the revised instrument. Expert authority coefficient was 0.92, and content validity index was 0.95. The internal consistency reliability was demonstrated by Cronbach's α coefficients (0.86 for the total score, 0.66–0.74 for the dimensions). The newly developed 19‐item, five‐dimension instrument has shown satisfactory validity (face/content validity and construct validity) and internal consistency reliability. The instrument could help clinical nurses who have close contact with patients after a percutaneous coronary intervention to gain a better understanding of their empowerment needs and could help develop appropriate health education to address such needs.
Patterns of patient coping following hospital discharge from medical and surgical units: A pilot study
Authors: Hodgins Marilyn J. , Filiatreault Sarah , Keeping‐Burke Lisa , Logan Susan M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA pilot study was conducted to determine the feasibility of a longitudinal investigation of patients' coping during the early postdischarge period. Recruitment was conducted on a general medical unit and a surgical orthopedic unit. Forty‐four participants were recruited with 95% retention. Demographic characteristics plus measures of discharge risk and perceived readiness (expected coping) were collected before discharge. Measures of coping (experienced) and the use of supports and services were collected on the first day postdischarge, the end of the first week, and during weeks 3 and 5. Considerable variability was evident in coping scores, and not all participants exhibited improvement over time. Four patterns of coping were identified: ongoing recovery, initial shock, bumpy road, and progressive decline. Further investigation is required to validate the observed coping patterns. A better understanding of conditions affecting patient coping during the transition from hospital to home will support efforts to reduce unplanned use of acute care services.
Rapid Discovery of Potential Drugs for Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head Based on Gene Expression Omnibus Database and Connectivity Map
Authors: Luo Di , Liang Xue‐zhen , Xu Bo , Liu Jin‐bao , Wei Chuan‐fu , Li Gang 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveTo use Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database coupled with Connectivity Map (CMap) databases to screen potential therapeutic drugs for osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) rapidly.MethodsRaw genetic data with accession number GSE74089 that contained eight hip articular cartilage specimens from four ONFH patients and four healthy controls were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and were then integrated using R to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, to identify several potential small molecular compounds that were most strongly negatively correlated with ONFH, a search query of DEGs was explored by using CMap.ResultsFiltering revealed 1937 DEGs with log (fold‐change) ≥1 and adjust P value < 0.001. Finally, a network of candidate targets for ONFH with 135 nodes and 660 edges was constructed through network topology analysis, including 96 up‐regulated genes and 39 down‐regulated genes. Several significant gene functions and signaling pathways associated with pathological processes of ONFH were identified via gene enrichment analysis. Based on the CMap database, some potential small molecular components that may be possible to counteract the effects of molecular signal imbalance for ONFH were identified. Neostigmine bromide with low CMap score and P value and specificity score was predicted to be the most candidate compound, involved in the “positive regulation of stem cell proliferation,” “regulation of protein autophosphorylation,” “VEGF signaling pathway,” and “ECM‐receptor interaction.”ConclusionsThe GEO and CMap databases can be effectively used in understanding the molecular changes in ONFH and provide a systematic manner to identify potential drugs for ONFH prevention and treatment. However, additional clinical and experimental research of the candidate compound is warranted.