bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Nanomaterials for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Yang Chenhuai , Li Shuyu , Zhang Zhicheng , Wang Haiqing , Liu Huiling , Jiao Fei , Guo Zhenguo , Zhang Xiaotao , Hu Wenping 
Published: June 2020

AbstractElectrochemical CO2 reduction (ECR) to value‐added chemicals and fuels is regarded as an effective strategy to mitigate climate change caused by CO2 from excess consumption of fossil fuels. To achieve CO2 conversion with high faradaic efficiency, low overpotential, and excellent product selectivity, rational design and synthesis of efficient electrocatalysts is of significant importance, which dominates the development of ECR field. Individual organic molecules or inorganic catalysts have encountered a bottleneck in performance improvement owing to their intrinsic shortcomings. Very recently, organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials as electrocatalysts have exhibited high performance and interesting reaction processes for ECR due to the integration of the advantages of both heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic processes, attracting widespread interest. In this work, the recent advances in designing various organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials at the atomic and molecular level for ECR are systematically summarized. Particularly, the reaction mechanism and structure–performance relationship of organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials toward ECR are discussed in detail. Finally, the challenges and opportunities toward controlled synthesis of advanced electrocatalysts are proposed for paving the development of the ECR field.
Infiltrated NiCo Alloy Nanoparticle Decorated Perovskite Oxide: A Highly Active, Stable, and Antisintering Anode for Direct‐Ammonia Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Song Yufei , Li Haidong , Xu Meigui , Yang Guangming , Wang Wei , Ran Ran , Zhou Wei , Shao Zongping 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDirect ammonia solid oxide fuel cell (DA‐SOFC) is superior to low‐temperature direct ammonia fuel cell using anion exchange membrane because of much improved anode reaction kinetics at elevated temperature. However, significant performance degradation due to severe sintering of conventional nickel cermet anode under operating conditions is a big challenge for realizing its practical use. Herein, a high‐performance anode based on La0.55Sr0.30TiO3−δ (LST) perovskite substrate with its surface decorated with in situ exsolved and strongly coupled NiCo alloy nanoparticles (NPs) is designed and fabricated for DA‐SOFCs, exhibiting superior catalytic activity for NH3 decomposition reaction due to balanced NH3 adsorption and N2 desorption processes. An electrolyte‐supported single cell with infiltrated NiCo/LST on Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9 scaffold anode delivers a maximum power density of 361 mW cm−2 at 800 °C in NH3 fuel, superior to similar SOFCs with Ni or Co NP‐decorated LST based anodes (161 and 98 mW cm−2). Furthermore, the SOFC with this newly developed anode displays favorable operational stability without obvious performance degradation at 700 °C for a test period of ≈120 h, attributed to its high antisintering capability. This study provides some strategies to develop highly active, stable, and antisintering perovskite‐based nanocomposite for DA‐SOFCs, facilitating the practical use of this technology.
Spatiotemporal‐based sentiment analysis on tweets for risk assessment of event using deep learning approach
Authors: Parimala M. , Swarna Priya R. M. , Praveen Kumar Reddy M. , Lal Chowdhary Chiranji , Kumar Poluru Ravi , Khan Suleman 
Published: June 2020

SummarySocial media plays a vital role in analyzing the actual emotions of people after and during a disaster. Sentiment analysis is a method to detect a pattern from the emotions and feedback of the user. The main objective of the proposed work is to perform sentiment analysis on the tweets on a specific disaster context for a particular location at different intervals of time. LSTM network with word embedding algorithm is used to derive keywords based on the history of tweets and the context of the tweets. The proposed algorithm risk assessment sentiment analysis (RASA) uses the keywords generated from the network to classify the tweets and sentiment score for each location is identified. The model is validated with various state‐of‐art algorithms, namely, support vector machine, Naive‐Bayes, maximum entropy, logistic regression, random forest, XGBoost, stochastic gradient descent, and convolution neural networks in 2‐fold scenario: one for binary class and the other multiclass with three target classes. The results infer that the proposed RASA performs better in a binary class scenario with an increase of 1% when compared with XGBoost and 30% in multiclass scenario on an average when compared with all the other techniques. The model helps the government to take preventive measures to manage the posteffect of the disaster event in a location.
The transformation and upgrade of China's manufacturing industry in Industry 4.0 era
Authors: Sun Yu , Li Ling , Shi Hui , Chong Dazhi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCurrently, many countries are striving to transform and upgrade their manufacturing industries. Manufacturing development strategies such as Industry 4.0 have attracted a lot of attention from both industry and academia. To provide a fundamental basis and reference for the development of China's manufacturing industry, this study reviews the key concept and implementation mechanism of Industry 4.0. After analysing main problems existing in China's manufacturing industry, this study provides a key strategy for the transformation and upgrade of China's manufacturing industry. A digital manufacturing ecosystem framework is also proposed to explore theoretical and practical significance of this strategy.
A genomic biomarker that identifies human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells with high scalability
Authors: Sathiyanathan Padmapriya , Samsonraj Rebekah M. , Tan Clarissa L. L. , Ling Ling , Lezhava Alexander , Nurcombe Victor , Stanton Lawrence W. , Cool Simon M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Although the application of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to repair damaged or diseased tissues has proven relatively effective, both the donor-to-donor variability in ex vivo expansion rates and the maintenance of stemness remain a bottleneck to widespread translation. Previous work from this laboratory stratified donors into those yielding hMSCs with high- or low-growth capacity; global transcriptomic analysis revealed that high-growth-capacity hMSCs were characterized by a loss of the gene encoding glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1). These GSTT1-null hMSCs demonstrated increased proliferative rates, clonogenic potential, and longer telomeres compared with low-growth capacity hMSCs that were GSTT1-positive. Thus, this study identifies GSTT1 as a novel genomic DNA biomarker for hMSC scalability.
Genome‐wide association mapping of Fusarium langsethiae infection and mycotoxin accumulation in oat (Avena sativa L.)
Authors: Isidro‐Sánchez Julio , D'Arcy Cusack Kane , Verheecke‐Vaessen Carol , Kahla Amal , Bekele Wubishet , Doohan Fiona , Magan Naresh , Medina Angel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFusarium langsethiae is a symptomless pathogen of oat panicles that produces T‐2 and HT‐2 mycotoxins, two of the most potent trichothecenes produced by Fusarium fungi in cereals. In the last few years, the levels of these mycotoxin in oat grain has increased and the European commission have already recommended a maximum level for of 1000 μg kg−1 for unprocessed oat for human consumption. The optimal and most sustainable way of combating infection and mycotoxin contamination is by releasing resistant oat varieties. Here the objective was to determine if we could identify any genomic loci associated with either the accumulation of F. langsethiae DNA or mycotoxins in the grain. In each of two years, field trials were conducted wherein 190 spring oat varieties were inoculated with a mixture of three isolate of the pathogen. Mycotoxins were quantified using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Varieties were genotyped using 16,863 genotyping by sequencing markers. Genome‐wide association studies associated 5 SNPs in the linkage group Mr06 with T‐2 + HT‐2 mycotoxin accumulation. Markers were highly correlated, and a single QTL was identified. The marker avgbs_6K_95238.1 mapped within genes showing similarity to lipase, lipase‐like or lipase precursor mRNA sequences and zinc‐finger proteins. These regions have previously been shown to confer a significant increase in resistance to Fusarium species.
Fully percutaneous fetoscopic repair of myelomeningocele: 30‐month follow‐up data
Authors: Diehl D. , Belke F. , Kohl T. , Axt‐Fliedner R. , Degenhardt J. , Khaleeva A. , Oehmke F. , Faas D. , Ehrhardt H. , Kolodziej M. , Uhl E. , Windhorst A. C. , Neubauer B. A. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis observational study reports on the postnatal mortality and 30‐month outcome of children who underwent fully percutaneous fetoscopic repair of myelomeningocele (MMC) at a single center in Giessen, Germany.MethodsBetween October 2010 and August 2014, a total of 72 patients underwent fully percutaneous fetoscopic MMC closure at 21 + 0 to 29 + 1 (mean, 23 + 5) weeks' gestation. Of these, 52 (72%) participated in this study; however, 30‐month mortality data are available for all 72 children. Children were examined at four timepoints: shortly after birth and at 3 months, 12 months and 30 months of corrected age. The patients underwent age‐specific standardized neurological examinations and assessment of leg movements and ambulation at all timepoints. Cognitive and motor development were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, second edition (BSID‐II), at 30 months.ResultsAll 72 children survived the intrauterine procedure, however, four (5.6%) infants died postnatally (including two of the 52 comprising the study cohort). Of the 52 patients included in the study, 11.5% were delivered before the 30th week of gestation (mean, 33 + 1 weeks) and, of the survivors, 48.1% had ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. Of the 50 infants that were alive at 30 months, independent ambulation, without orthosis, was feasible for 46%. At 30 months of follow‐up, 46% of children presented with a functional level that was at least two segments better than the anatomical level of the lesion. At 30 months, 70% of the children presented with BSID‐II psychomotor development index score of ≥ 70 and 80% with BSID‐II mental development index score of ≥ 70.ConclusionIntrauterine repair of MMC by percutaneous fetoscopy shows largely similar outcomes to those reported for open repair, with respect to mortality, prematurity, shunt‐placement rates, motor and mental development and free ambulation. © 2020 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
First record of death-feigning in Black Vultures (Coragyps atratus) (Cathartidae)
Authors: Spina Marjory Auad , Silveira Luís Fábio 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDeath-feigning is a behavior ability with the purpose of allowing prey to evade from predators. Despite death-feigning is recorded on a wide variety of bird species, it has been recorded only once in vultures, more specifically on a Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura) nest. In addition to this record, we report this behavior while manipulating an individual of Black Vulture (Coragyps atratus) in Brazil. This behavior is not usual in Cathartidae since adult vultures do not have a known natural predator.
Three bird species new to Brazil from the Serra da Mocidade, a remote mountain in Roraima
Authors: Laranjeiras Thiago Orsi , Melinski Ramiro Dário , Naka Luciano Nicolas , Leite Gabriel Augusto , Lima Gisiane Rodrigues , d’Affonseca-Neto José Anselmo , Cohn-Haft Mario 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFrom 15 January to 06 February 2016, we conducted an expedition to the Serra da Mocidade, a remote and previously unexplored mountain range in extreme northern Amazonian Brazil. There we encountered three bird species never before documented in Brazilian territory: Grallaria guatimalensis (Grallariidae) was photographed, audio recorded, video recorded and a single specimen collected; Catharus aurantiirostris (Turdidae) was similarly documented and a series of specimens collected; and a single individual of Parkesia motacilla (Parulidae) was photographed. All were found in the understory of montane forest at 1000–1550 m elevation. We interpret each of these as most likely representing a regularly occurring population on Mocidade. However, each had probably been overlooked in Brazil for a different reason and represents a distinct distributional pattern. Adding these novelties to Brazil’s previously published total of 1919 species clearly expresses the country’s position among the most bird-rich in the world, perhaps the richest, and suggests that further exploration of Brazil’s Amazonian mountains will yield more discoveries.
The origin and widespread occurrence of Sli-based self-compatibility in potato
Authors: Clot Corentin R. , Polzer Clara , Prodhomme Charlotte , Schuit Cees , Engelen Christel J. M. , Hutten Ronald C. B. , van Eck Herman J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSelf-compatible (SC) diploid potatoes allow innovative potato breeding. Therefore, the Sli gene, originally described in S. chacoense, has received much attention. In elite S. tuberosum diploids, spontaneous berry set is occasionally observed. We aimed to map SC from S. tuberosum origin. Two full-sib mapping populations from non-inbred diploids were used. Bulks were composed based on both pollen tube growth and berry set upon selfing. After DNA sequencing of the parents and bulks, we generated k-mer tables. Set algebra and depth filtering were used to identify bulk-specific k-mers. Coupling and repulsion phase k-mers, transmitted from the SC parent, mapped in both populations to the distal end of chromosome 12. Intersection between the k-mers from both populations, in coupling phase with SC, exposed a shared haplotype of approximately 1.5 Mb. Subsequently, we screened read archives of potatoes and wild relatives for k-mers specific to this haplotype. The well-known SC clones US-W4 and RH89-039-16, but surprisingly, also S. chacoense clone M6 were positives. Hence, the S. tuberosum source of SC seems identical to Sli. Furthermore, the candidate region drastically reduced to 333 kb. Haplotype-specific KASP markers were designed and validated on a panel of diploid clones including another renown SC dihaploid G254. Interestingly, k-mers specific to the SC haplotype were common in tetraploid varieties. Pedigree information suggests that the SC haplotype was introduced into tetraploid varieties via the founder “Rough Purple Chili”. We show that Sli is surprisingly widespread and indigenous to the cultivated gene pool of potato.
The forgotten merits of GIC restorations: a systematic review
Authors: Mustafa Hawshan Abdulrahman , Soares Ana Prates , Paris Sebastian , Elhennawy Karim , Zaslansky Paul 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective
To reevaluate proven strengths and weakness of glass ionomer cements (GICs) and to identify agreement versus conflicting evidence in previous reports regarding the transition between GIC and the tooth, and the existence of an “interphase”.

Materials and methods
Relevant electronic databases (PubMed, Embase via Ovid and Medline via Web of science) were searched for publications of evidence relating to the transition zone at the GIC-tooth interphase. Studies were examined and grouped according to characteristics of GIC-tooth attachment area quantified by X-ray and optical microscopy techniques in 2D and 3D.

Results
Inclusion criteria comprised of in vitro studies that showed images of the conventional GIC-tooth substrate attachments using at least one of the following techniques: SEM, CLSM, or μCT. The search identified 419 studies, from which 33 were included. Ten studies demonstrated the existence of an interphase layer and five studies quantified the layer thickness (1–15 μ). Twenty-nine publications studied different failure modes of the GIC-tooth interphase. Eleven studies described discontinuities inside the GIC bulk.

Conclusion
The GIC-tooth interphase attributes evolve with time. Good attachment is evident even under compromised surface preparation. The GIC-tooth attachment area is resistant to acidic dissolution as compared to both tooth and GIC bulk. In general, studies revealed mostly intact GIC-tooth interphases with only some cracked interphases.

Clinical significance
GIC bonds to the tooth structure and forms an acid resistant attachment zone that might enhance caries inhibition. Due to fluoride release and ease of use, GIC provides a cost effective treatment, ideal for low income or high caries populations.
Multinucleated giant cells within the in vivo implantation bed of a collagen-based biomaterial determine its degradation pattern
Authors: Tanneberger Anna Maria , Al-Maawi Sarah , Herrera-Vizcaíno Carlos , Orlowska Anna , Kubesch Alica , Sader Robert , Kirkpatrick C. J. , Ghanaati Shahram 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of the present study was to characterize the cellular reaction to a xenogeneic resorbable collagen membrane of porcine origin using a subcutaneous implantation model in Wistar rats over 30 days.

Materials and methods
Ex vivo, liquid platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), a leukocyte and platelet-rich cell suspension, was used to evaluate the blood cell membrane interaction. The material was implanted subcutaneously in rats. Sham-operated rats without biomaterial displayed physiological wound healing (control group). Histological, immunohistological, and histomorphometric analyses were focused on the inflammatory pattern, vascularization rate, and degradation pattern.

Results
The membrane induced a large number of mononuclear cells over the observation period, including lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts. After 15 days, multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) were observed on the biomaterial surface. Their number increased significantly, and they proceeded to the center of the biomaterial on day 30. These cells highly expressed CD-68, calcitonin receptor, and MMP-9, but not TRAP or integrin-ß3. Thus, the membrane lost its integrity and underwent disintegration as a consequence of the induction of MNGCs. The significant increase in MNGC number correlated with a high rate of vascularization, which was significantly higher than the control group. Physiological wound healing in the control group did not induce any MNGCs at any time point. Ex vivo blood cells from liquid-PRF did not penetrate the membrane.

Conclusion
The present study suggests a potential role for MNGCs in biomaterial degradation and questions whether it is beneficial to accept them in clinically approved biomaterials or focus on biomaterials that induce only mononuclear cells. Thus, further studies are necessary to identify the function of biomaterial-induced MNGCs.

Clinical relevance
Understanding the cellular reaction to biomaterials is essential to assess their suitability for specific clinical indications and outline the potential benefit of specific group of biomaterials in the respective clinical indications.
On the evolution and application of the concept of electrochemical polarization
Authors: Zalka Dóra , Péter László 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper yields an overview on the evolution of the concept of polarization applied to electrochemical systems, ranging from electrodes to cells. The historical discussion starts at the early phase of the development of electrochemistry when current-controlled measurements were possible only, and when the early definitions of polarization, depolarization and depolarizer were created. A number of contemporary handbooks, recommendations and other reference resources are listed in which these concepts are represented in various ways, from conservative definitions to attempts of redefining them. The traditional definitions are confronted with the everyday use of professional language, drawing attention to the fact that the widespread application of potential-controlled electrochemical measurements led to new meanings. Some suggestions are made that open room for the application of the term of polarization in accord with the modern methodologies, without compromising the traditional introduction of the term. Polarization-related phenomena in biological membranes are not dealt with in the present work.
Which multi-attribute utility instruments are recommended for use in cost-utility analysis? A review of national health technology assessment (HTA) guidelines
Authors: Kennedy-Martin Matthew , Slaap Bernhard , Herdman Michael , van Reenen Mandy , Kennedy-Martin Tessa , Greiner Wolfgang , Busschbach Jan , Boye Kristina S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Several multi-attribute utility instruments (MAUIs) are available from which utilities can be derived for use in cost-utility analysis (CUA). This study provides a review of recommendations from national health technology assessment (HTA) agencies regarding the choice of MAUIs.

Methods
A list was compiled of HTA agencies that provide or refer to published official pharmacoeconomic (PE) guidelines for pricing, reimbursement or market access. The guidelines were reviewed for recommendations on the indirect calculation of utilities and categorized as: a preference for a specific MAUI; providing no MAUI preference, but providing examples of suitable MAUIs and/or recommending the use of national value sets; and recommending CUA, but not providing examples of MAUIs.

Results
Thirty-four PE guidelines were included for review. MAUIs named for use in CUA: EQ-5D (n = 29 guidelines), the SF-6D (n = 11), HUI (n = 10), QWB (n = 3), AQoL (n = 2), CHU9D (n = 1). EQ-5D was a preferred MAUI in 15 guidelines. Alongside the EQ-5D, the HUI was a preferred MAUI in one guideline, with DALY disability weights mentioned in another. Fourteen guidelines expressed no preference for a specific MAUI, but provided examples: EQ-5D (n = 14), SF-6D (n = 11), HUI (n = 9), QWB (n = 3), AQoL (n = 2), CHU9D (n = 1). Of those that did not specify a particular MAUI, 12 preferred calculating utilities using national preference weights.

Conclusions
The EQ-5D, HUI, and SF-6D were the three MAUIs most frequently mentioned in guidelines. The most commonly cited MAUI (in 85% of PE guidelines) was EQ-5D, either as a preferred MAUI or as an example of a suitable MAUI for use in CUA in HTA.
Fuel production using membrane reactors: a review
Authors: Hafeez Sanaa , Al-Salem S. M. , Manos George , Constantinou Achilleas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPopulation growth has led to higher consumption of fossil fuel, and subsequently to a major increase of greenhouse gases emissions to the atmosphere, thus inducing global warming. Fossil fuel supplies are depleting, and the price of these fuels is increasing. Moreover, there are concerns about related emissions of toxic pollutants such as sulphur dioxide and aromatic hydrocarbons. Here, we review alternative fuel technologies. We focus on how membrane reactors improve the existing production processes of renewable fuels. Advantages and environmental benefits of membrane reactors are compared to the conventional techniques. Membrane reactors have been applied successfully to improve biodiesel, hydrogen and Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. Membranes help the conversion of products, whilst shifting the equilibrium of the reaction and reducing undesired by-products. Membrane reactors also overcome immiscibility issues that hinder conventional reactor processes. Overall, membrane reactors reduce cost and energy needed for the treatment of wastewater from fuel production.