bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a wrist‐type home nocturnal blood pressure monitor in the sitting and supine position according to the ANSI/AAMI/ISO81060‐2:2013 guidelines: Omron HEM‐9601T
Authors: Kuwabara Mitsuo , Harada Kanako , Hishiki Yukiko , Ohkubo Takayoshi , Kario Kazuomi , Imai Yutaka 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to validate the accuracy of the Omron HEM‐9601T, an automatic wrist‐type device for self‐blood pressure (BP) measurement with a timer function for automatic measurement of nocturnal BP, in the sitting position according to the American National Standards Institute/Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/International Organization for Standardization (ANSI/AAMI/ISO) 81060‐2:2013 guidelines, and to assess its performance in the supine position by applying the same protocol as conducted in the sitting position. The mean differences between the reference BPs and HEM‐9601T readings were 1.2 ± 6.9/1.1 ± 5.5 mmHg, 2.2 ± 6.5/1.8 ± 5.7 mmHg, 0.1 ± 6.6/1.5 ± 6.2 mmHg, and −0.8 ± 7.2/0.5 ± 6.4 mmHg for systolic BP/diastolic BP for criterion 1 in the sitting position, supine with sideways palm position, supine with upward palm position, and supine with downward palm position, respectively. In addition, the mean differences and their standard deviations for systolic BP and diastolic BP calculated according to criterion 2 in the ANSI/AAMI/ISO 81060‐2:2013 guidelines were acceptable in all four positions. In conclusion, the Omron HEM‐9601T fulfilled the validation criteria of the ANSI/AAMI/ISO81060‐2:2013 guidelines when used in the sitting position with the wrist at heart level, and its accuracy in the supine position was acceptable and roughly equivalent to that in the sitting position. The wrist‐type home BP monitor could be a more suitable tool for repeated nocturnal BP measurements at home than upper‐arm devices, and could improve the reliability of diagnosis and management of nocturnal hypertension.
Do callous–unemotional traits moderate the effects of the juvenile justice system on later offending behavior?
Authors: Robertson Emily L. , Frick Paul J. , Ray James V. , Thornton Laura C. , Wall Myers Tina D. , Steinberg Laurence , Cauffman Elizabeth 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundResearch suggests that callous–unemotional (CU) traits, a recent addition to psychiatric classification of serious conduct problems, may moderate the influence of a number of contextual factors (e.g., parenting, deviant peer influence) on an adolescent’s adjustment. The current study sought to replicate past research showing that formal processing through the juvenile justice system increases recidivism and tested the novel hypothesis that CU traits would moderate the relationship between processing decision and future antisocial behavior.MethodsA diverse sample of first‐time male offenders (N = 1,216; M age = 15.12, SD = 1.29) in three regions of the United States was assessed within 6 weeks of their first arrest and then at 6‐month intervals for 36 months.ResultsCompared to those who were informally processed (i.e., diverted), adolescents formally processed through the court were at a higher risk of self‐reported offending and rearrests as measured by official records, after controlling for preexisting risk factors. However, baseline CU traits moderated this association such that those with high CU traits reported offending at high rates across the subsequent three years regardless of how the juvenile justice system processed their case.ConclusionsCU traits are important to psychiatric classification for designating a subgroup of antisocial youth who may respond differently to contextual influences, including being less susceptible to the negative effects of juvenile justice system involvement. The public health significance of this moderation is significant by suggesting that previous estimates of the harmful impact of formal processing by the juvenile justice system may underestimate its impact, given that the majority of arrested adolescents have normative levels of CU traits.
Do we need the third dimension? Quantifying the effect of the z‐axis in 3D geometric morphometrics based on sailfin silversides (Telmatherinidae)
Authors: Wasiljew Benjamin D. , Pfaender Jobst , Wipfler Benjamin , Utama Ilham Vemandra , Herder Fabian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the impact of the third dimension in geometric morphometrics (GM) using sailfin silversides (Telmatherinidae) from the Malili Lakes of Sulawesi (Indonesia). The three morphospecies of the monophyletic “roundfin” radiation are laterally compressed and vary in shape traits. The results of 2D and 3D GM were compared and quantified to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of both methods for closely related species and their sexes. This approach focused on the head because it is far more complex and three‐dimensionally structured than the trunk or the caudal region. The results revealed no significant benefit concerning repeatability and measurement error in 3D GM compared to 2D GM. The z‐axis contributed substantially to the variance of the 3D data set but was irrelevant for discrimination of species and sexes in the approach. Limited gain in information was contrasted by substantially higher effort for 3D compared to the 2D analyses. The study concluded that 2D GM is the more efficient shape analysis approach for discriminating roundfins. Broader studies are needed to test which of the two methods is more efficient in distinguishing laterally compressed fishes in general. For future studies, due to the high investment required, this study recommends carefully evaluating the necessity of 3D GM. If in doubt, this study suggests testing for congruence between 2D and 3D GM with a subsample and consequently applying 2D GM in the case of high congruence.
Sub‐lethal temperature thresholds indicate acclimation and physiological limits in brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis
Authors: Morrison Scott M. , Mackey Theresa E. , Durhack Travis , Jeffrey Jennifer D. , Wiens Lilian M. , Mochnacz Neil J. , Hasler Caleb T. , Enders Eva C. , Treberg Jason R. , Jeffries Ken M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe upper thermal tolerance of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis was estimated using critical thermal maxima (CTmax) experiments on fish acclimated to temperatures that span the species' thermal range (5–25°C). The CTmax increased with acclimation temperature but plateaued in fish acclimated to 20, 23 and 25°C. Plasma lactate was highest, and the hepato‐somatic index (IH) was lowest at 23 and 25°C, which suggests additional metabolic costs at those acclimation temperatures. The results suggest that there is a sub‐lethal threshold between 20 and 23°C, beyond which the fish experience reduced physiological performance.
Factors related to removable denture use in independent older people: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hama Yohei , Kubota Chieko , Moriya Shingo , Onda Rie , Watanabe Yutaka , Minakuchi Shunsuke 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundDenture use for recovery of major tooth loss can reduce the need for care, and thus, it is important for dentists to identify the types of patients who use removable dentures.ObjectiveTo identify factors associated with removable denture use in independent older Japanese people.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study investigated the oral condition; demographics; lifestyle; dental visit behaviour; and higher‐level functional capacity, as assessed using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology index of competence (TMIG index), of independent older people aged 65‐74 years. Participants were divided into four groups based on sex and condition of the posterior occluding pairs (POPs). Multivariate‐adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed for each group, with denture use or non‐use as the dependent variable and the other items as independent variables.ResultsDenture use or non‐use was significantly associated with only dental consultation behaviour (regular dental visits and time since the last dental visit) in all groups. Subsequent analyses excluding dental consultation behaviour demonstrated that denture use or non‐use was significantly associated with educational background in female participants with decreased POPs, with the type of household in male participants with lost POPs and with the TMIG index (social role) in female participants with lost POPs.ConclusionsDenture use was associated with dental consultation behaviour. We revealed factors related to denture use or non‐use in females with decreased POPs and both males and females with lost POPs.
Bicavitary eosinophilic effusion in a dog with coccidioidomycosis
Authors: Piech Tara L. , Jaffey Jared A. , Hostnik Eric T. , White Mary E. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis is a case of coccidioidomycosis in a dog, examined for vomiting and labored breathing. Physical examination and thoracic and abdominal imaging revealed pleural and peritoneal effusions, both of which exhibited neutrophilic inflammation with a substantial eosinophilic component. The dog had positive IgM and IgG coccidioidomycosis titers at initial evaluation. The eosinophilic component of the inflammation was attributed to coccidioidomycosis. The dog underwent approximately 6 months of fluconazole treatment, with both effusions and clinical signs improving after 6 weeks. Three months after cessation of antifungal treatment, the dog developed a mid‐diaphyseal lytic and proliferative lesion in the left radius caused byCoccidioidesspp. This case illustrates the importance of consideration of coccidioidomycosis when an eosinophilic cavitary effusion is present in dogs that live in or have traveled to endemic regions.
Re‐hospitalization after pediatric kidney transplant: A single‐center study
Authors: Verghese Priya S. , Chinnakotla Srinath , Berglund Danielle , Matas Arthur J. , Chavers Blanche 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundLittle data exist on re‐hospitalization rates in pediatric kidney recipients (KTx) particularly with the evolution of transplant immunosuppression.MethodsIn a single‐center, retrospective study of pediatric KTx between 2006 and 2016, we assessed re‐hospitalization after KTx admission, stratified by whether the re‐admit was early (<30 days post‐KTx discharge) or late (>30 days), and compared two different immunosuppression eras (one with and one without steroids).ResultsOf 197 KTx, 156 (79%) patients were re‐hospitalized in 1st year, 85 (56%) within 30 days of discharge (total 490 1st year re‐hospitalizations). Younger age was associated with early and late re‐hospitalizations. African American race was associated with early re‐hospitalizations. Of the 123 and 74 discharged on steroid‐avoidance (maintenance immunosuppression included MMF in 95%; FK in 50%; CSA in 50%) and steroid‐inclusive (AZA in 66%; MMF in 34%; FK in 30%; CSA in 70%), re‐hospitalization rates, timing post‐transplant, length, and number were not significantly different (P .38; .1; .56; .11). Admission diagnoses analysis demonstrated that steroid‐avoidance recipients had anemia/leucopenia/thrombocytopenia, significantly more often, as one of their admission diagnoses (16% vs 4%; P < .001) and had a rejection diagnosis significantly less often (6% vs 18%; P < .001). Infection diagnoses were not statistically different between groups. Re‐hospitalization, early or late, did not predict worse graft/ patient survival but predicted further hospitalizations.ConclusionsRe‐hospitalization is common after pediatric transplant discharge and predicts further hospitalization regardless of discharge on or off steroids.
Electrogastrography for psychophysiological research: Practical considerations, analysis pipeline, and normative data in a large sample
Authors: Wolpert Nicolai , Rebollo Ignacio , Tallon‐Baudry Catherine 
Published: May 2020

AbstractElectrogastrography (EGG) is the noninvasive electrophysiological technique used to record gastric electrical activity by means of cutaneous electrodes placed on the abdomen. EGG has been so far mostly used in clinical studies in gastroenterology, but it represents an attractive method to study brain‐viscera interactions in psychophysiology. Compared to the literature on electrocardiography for instance, where practical recommendations and normative data are abundant, the literature on EGG in humans remains scarce. The aim of this article is threefold. First, we review the existing literature on the physiological basis of the EGG, pathways of brain‐stomach interactions, and experimental findings in the cognitive neuroscience and psychophysiology literature. We then describe practical issues faced when recording the EGG in young healthy participants, from data acquisition to data analysis, and propose a semi‐automated analysis pipeline together with associated MATLAB code. The analysis pipeline aims at identifying a regular rhythm that can be safely attributed to the stomach, through multiple steps. Finally, we apply these recording and analysis procedures in a large sample (N = 117) of healthy young adult male and female participants in a moderate (<5 hr) to prolonged (>10 hr) fasting state to establish the normative distribution of several EGG parameters. Our results are overall congruent with the clinical gastroenterology literature, but suggest using an electrode coverage extending to lower abdominal locations than current clinical guidelines. Our results indicate a marginal difference in EGG peak frequency between male and female participants, and that the gastric rhythm becomes more irregular after prolonged fasting.
Modifications of emergency dental clinic protocols to combat COVID‐19 transmission
Authors: Long Robert Hollinshead , Ward Tyrous David , Pruett Michael Edward , Coleman John Finklea , Plaisance Marc Charles 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, incidence rates for dental diseases will continue unabated. However, the intent to prevent the spread of this lethal respiratory disease will likely lead to reduced treatment access due to restrictions on population movements. These changes have the potential to increase dental‐related emergency department visits and subsequently contribute to greater viral transmission. Moreover, dentists experience unique challenges with preventing transmission due to frequent aerosol‐producing procedures. This paper presents reviews and protocols implemented by directors and residents at the Dental College of Georgia to manage a dental emergency clinic during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The methods presented include committee‐based prioritization of dental patients, a multilayered screening process, team rotations with social and temporal spacing, and modified treatment room protocols. These efforts aid in the reduction of viral transmission, conservation of personal protective equipment, and expand provider availability. These protocols transcend a university and hospital‐based models and are applicable to private and corporate models.
Implementation of high‐throughput non‐invasive prenatal testing for fetal RHD genotype testing in England: Results of a cross‐sectional survey of maternity units and expert interviews
Authors: Ryczek Edyta , White Judith , Carolan‐Rees Grace 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundPreviously, routine antenatal anti‐D prophylaxis (RAADP) was administered to all RhD‐negative mothers to reduce the risk of sensitisation in the UK's National Health Service (NHS). If the baby is RhD‐negative, RAADP is not required. In 2016, the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommended non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for fetal RHD genotype as a cost‐effective option to guide RAADP.ObjectivesTo evaluate the implementation of high‐throughput NIPT for fetal RHD genotype in maternity units in England by addressing research recommendations from the NICE. These were to reduce uncertainty around the resource use and cost of staff training, management of samples and results and record‐keeping, as well as resultant changes to antenatal or post‐partum care and performance of NIPT.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was developed and sent to clinicians at 39 English NHS Trusts in May 2018. Qualitative interviews with seven individuals were conducted to explore missing or contraindicatory data. Qualitative findings were supplemented with NIPT test results (April 2017 to February 2019) from English hospitals.ResultsStaff reported that training took up to 30 minutes. There were no extra costs associated with sample management or additional appointments. Extra time required for record‐keeping and management of test results was balanced later in the patient pathway. The antenatal pathway was not changed in the Trusts surveyed. The survey revealed that four post‐partum scenarios were being used within English NHS Trusts. The frequency of inconclusive NIPT results was 4.3%.ConclusionNIPT for fetal RHD genotype can be implemented without consuming substantial extra resources through incorporation into an existing patient pathway.
Editors’ Review and Introduction: Levels of Explanation in Cognitive Science: From Molecules to Culture
Authors: Colombo Matteo , Knauff Markus 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCognitive science began as a multidisciplinary endeavor to understand how the mind works. Since the beginning, cognitive scientists have been asking questions about the right methodologies and levels of explanation to pursue this goal, and make cognitive science a coherent science of the mind. Key questions include: Is there a privileged level of explanation in cognitive science? How do different levels of explanation fit together, or relate to one another? How should explanations at one level inform or constrain explanations at some other level? Can the different approaches to the mind, brain, and culture be unified? The aim of this issue of topiCS is to provide a platform for discussing different answers to such questions and to facilitate a better understanding between the different strands of thinking about the right levels of explanation in cognitive science.
A high activity zinc transporter OsZIP9 mediates zinc uptake in rice
Authors: Yang Meng , Li Yutong , Liu Zonghao , Tian Jingjing , Liang Limin , Qiu Yu , Wang Guangyuan , Du Qingqing , Cheng Deng , Cai Hongmei , Shi Lei , Xu Fangsen , Lian Xingming 
Published: May 2020

SUMMARYZinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for most organisms including humans, and Zn deficiency is widespread in human populations, particularly in underdeveloped regions. Cereals such as rice (Oryza sativa) are the major dietary source of Zn for most people. However, the molecular mechanism underlying Zn uptake in rice is still not fully understood. Here, we report that a member of the ZIP (ZRT, IRT‐like protein) family, OsZIP9, contributes to Zn uptake in rice. It was expressed in the epidermal and exodermal cells of lateral roots, localized in the plasma membrane and induced during Zn deficiency. Yeast‐expressed OsZIP9 showed much higher Zn influx transport activity than other rice ZIP proteins in a wide range of Zn concentrations. OsZIP9 knockout rice plants showed a significant reduction in growth at low Zn concentrations, but could be rescued by a high Zn supply. Compared with the wild type, accumulation of Zn in root, shoot and grain was much lower in knockout lines, particularly with a low supply of Zn under both hydroponic and paddy soil conditions. OsZIP9 also showed Co uptake activity. Natural variation of OsZIP9 expression level is highly associated with Zn content in milled grain among rice varieties in the germplasm collection. Taken together, these results show that OsZIP9 is an important influx transporter responsible for the take up of Zn and Co from external media into root cells.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Smith Robert 
Published: May 2020

Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 8, Number 6 Donna Smith, The Open University, UKFathia Lahwal, Elmergib University, LibyaGianpiero Greco, University of Study of Bari, ItalyHossein Chaharbashloo, Kharazmi University, IranJohn Cowan, Edinburgh Napier University, UKJohn Mark Asio, Gordon College, PhilippinesKun-Hsi Liao, Taiwan Shoufu University, TaiwanLucy Lugo Mawang, Kenyatta University, KenyaMaria Rosa M. Prado, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, BrazilMassimiliano Barattucci, Ecampus University, ItalyMichael Baron, University of Melbourne, AustraliaMichael Wall, Independent Researcher in Music and Music Education, USAMuhammad Haris Effendi-Hasibuan, Universitas Jambi, IndonesiaMustafa Çakır, Marmara University, TurkeyNiveen M. Zayed, MENA College of Management, JordanRichard H. Martin, Mercer University, USARichard Penny, University of Washington Bothell, USASaadet Korucu Kis, Necmettin Erbakan University, TurkeySadia Batool, Preston University Islamabad, PakistanSamah El-Sakka, Suez University, EgyptThada Jantakoon, Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University, ThailandVeronica Velasco Gonzalez, University of Valladolid, Spain Robert SmithEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAE-mail 1: jets@redfame.comE-mail 2: jets@redfame.orgURL: http://jets.redfame.com
Nitrate attenuates high fat diet‐induced glucose intolerance in association with reduced epididymal adipose tissue inflammation and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species emission
Authors: Brunetta Henver S. , Politis‐Barber Valerie , Petrick Heather L. , Dennis Kaitlyn M. J. H. , Kirsh Aleah J. , Barbeau Pierre‐Andre , Nunes Everson A. , Holloway Graham P. 
Published: May 2020

Key points
Dietary nitrate is a prominent therapeutic strategy to mitigate some metabolic deleterious effects related to obesity.
Mitochondrial dysfunction is causally linked to adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance.
Whole‐body glucose tolerance is prevented by nitrate independent of body weight and energy expenditure.
Dietary nitrate reduces epididymal adipose tissue inflammation and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species emission while preserving insulin signalling.
Metabolic beneficial effects of nitrate consumption are associated with improvements in mitochondrial redox balance in hypertrophic adipose tissue.
AbstractEvidence has accumulated to indicate that dietary nitrate alters energy expenditure and the metabolic derangements associated with a high fat diet (HFD), but the mechanism(s) of action remain incompletely elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to determine if dietary nitrate (4 mm sodium nitrate via drinking water) could prevent HFD‐mediated glucose intolerance in association with improved mitochondrial bioenergetics within both white (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissue in mice. HFD feeding caused glucose intolerance (P < 0.05) and increased body weight. As a result of higher body weight, energy expenditure increased proportionally. HFD‐fed mice displayed greater mitochondrial uncoupling and a twofold increase in uncoupling protein 1 content within BAT. Within epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), HFD increased cell size (i.e. hypertrophy), mitochondrial H2O2 emission, oxidative stress, c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase phosphorylation and leucocyte infiltration, and induced insulin resistance. Remarkably, dietary nitrate consumption attenuated and/or mitigated all these responses, including rendering mitochondria more coupled within BAT, and normalizing mitochondrial H2O2 emission and insulin‐mediated Akt‐Thr308 phosphorylation within eWAT. Intriguingly, the positive effects of dietary nitrate appear to be independent of eWAT mitochondrial respiratory capacity and content. Altogether, these data suggest that dietary nitrate attenuates the development of HFD‐induced insulin resistance in association with attenuating WAT inflammation and redox balance, independent of changes in either WAT or BAT mitochondrial respiratory capacity/content.