bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a 9‐gene prognostic signature for breast cancer
Authors: Tian Zelin , Tang Jianing , Liao Xing , Yang Qian , Wu Yumin , Wu Gaosong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBreast cancer (BRCA) is the most common cancer among women and is the second leading cause of cancer death in women. In this study, we developed a 9‐gene prognostic signature to predict the prognosis of patients with BRCA. GSE20685, GSE42568, GSE20711, and GSE88770 were used as training sets. The Kaplan–Meier plot was constructed to assess survival differences and log‐rank test was performed to evaluate the statistical significance. The overall survival (OS) of patients in the low‐risk group was significantly higher than that in the high‐risk group. ROC analysis indicated that this 9‐gene signature shows good diagnostic efficiency both in OS and disease‐free survival (DFS). The 9‐gene signature was further validated through GSE16446, GSE7390, and TCGA‐BRCA datasets. We also established a nomogram that integrates clinicopathological features and 9‐gene signature. The analysis of the calibration plot showed that the nomogram has good prognostic performance. More convincingly, real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) results indicated that the protective prognostic factors in BRCA patients were downregulated, whereas the dangerous prognostic factors were upregulated. The innovation of this article is not only constructing a prognostic gene signature, but also combining with clinical information to further establish a nomogram to better predict the survival probability of patients. It is worth mentioning that this signature also does not depend on other clinical factors or variables.
Electronic modulation and interface engineering of electrospun nanomaterials‐based electrocatalysts toward water splitting
Authors: Song Wei , Li Meixuan , Wang Ce , Lu Xiaofeng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNowdays, electrocatalytic water splitting has been regarded as one of the most efficient means to approach the urgent energy crisis and environmental issues. However, to speed up the electrocatalytic conversion efficiency of their half reactions including hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), electrocatalysts are usually essential to reduce their kinetic energy barriers. Electrospun nanomaterials possess a unique one‐dimensional structure for outstanding electron and mass transportation, large specific surface area, and the possibilities of flexibility with the porous feature, which are good candidates as efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting. In this review, we focus on the recent research progress on the electrospun nanomaterials‐based electrocatalysts for HER, OER, and overall water splitting reaction. Specifically, the insights of the influence of the electronic modulation and interface engineering of these electrocatalysts on their electrocatalytic activities will be deeply discussed and highlighted. Furthermore, the challenges and development opportunities of the electrospun nanomaterials‐based electrocatalysts for water splitting are featured. Based on the achievements of the significantly enhanced performance from the electronic modulation and interface engineering of these electrocatalysts, full utilization of these materials for practical energy conversion is anticipated.
Reduced cardiac function is associated with cardiac injury and mortality risk in hospitalized COVID‐19 Patients
Authors: Chen Lu Q. , Burdowski Joseph , Marfatia Ravi , Weber Jonathan , Gliganic Kathleen , Diaz Nancy , Ramjattan Neiman , Zheng Haoyi , Mihalatos Dennis , Wang Lin , Barasch Eddy , Leung Amanda , Gopal Aasha , Craft Jason , Ren Xiaoli , Stergiopoulos Kathleen , Jeremias Allen , Petrossian George , Robinson Newell , Levine Joseph , Shlofmitz Richard A. , Gulotta Ronald J. , Muehlbauer Stefan M. , Lucore Charles L. , Cao J. Jane 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundCardiac injury is common in COVID‐19 patients and is associated with increased mortality. However, it remains unclear if reduced cardiac function is associated with cardiac injury, and additionally if mortality risk is increased among those with reduced cardiac function in COVID‐19 patients.HypothesisThe aim of this study was to assess cardiac function among COVID‐19 patients with and without biomarkers of cardiac injury and to determine the mortality risk associated with reduced cardiac function.Methods/ResultsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed 143 consecutive COVID‐19 patients who had an echocardiogram during hospitalization between March 1, 2020 and May 5, 2020. The mean age was 67 ± 16 years. Cardiac troponin‐I was available in 131 patients and an increased value (>0.03 ng/dL) was found in 59 patients (45%). Reduced cardiac function, which included reduced left or right ventricular systolic function, was found in 40 patients (28%). Reduced cardiac function was found in 18% of patients without troponin‐I elevation, 42% with mild troponin increase (0.04‐5.00 ng/dL) and 67% with significant troponin increase (>5 ng/dL). Reduced cardiac function was also present in more than half of the patients on mechanical ventilation or those deceased. The in‐hospital mortality of this cohort was 28% (N = 40). Using logistic regression analysis, we found that reduced cardiac function was associated with increased mortality with adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 2.65 (1.18 to 5.96).ConclusionsReduced cardiac function is highly prevalent among hospitalized COVID‐19 patients with biomarkers of myocardial injury and is independently associated with mortality.
Electroporation technique for joint pain – Pilot feasibility study on TMD patients
Authors: Tartaglia Gianluca Martino , Gizdulich Andrea , Farronato Marco , Gupta Rishi Jay , Connelly Stephen Thaddeus 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjective(s)It is well appreciated that traditional analgesic delivery routes used to treat pain associated with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) often have harmful unintended side effects as a consequence of systemic distribution. Further, localized delivery of analgesic medication via intra‐articular injections involves a different set of issues limiting their clinical viability. As an option, transdermal analgesic delivery provides for prolonged pain relief and flexibility in dose administration, while limiting systemic exposure and minimizing adverse events. Incorporation of a novel electroporation technique may further increase transdermal drug penetration into synovial tissue/fluid and enhance pain reduction. The present feasibility study compares the effectiveness of an electroporation‐enhanced transdermal application of diclofenac sodium to a conventional intra‐articular injection of triamcinolone acetonide suspension (corticosteroids) to treat patients with TMD associated pain.MethodsPre‐ and post‐treatment maximal incisal mouth opening (MIO), pain visual analog scale (VAS) and surface electromyography (EMG) of 22 patients treated with electroporation‐enhanced diclofenac and 37 patients treated with corticosteroids injections were collected and analyzed.ResultsIn general, patients treated with electroporation exhibited better results in terms of pain improvement (corrected p‐value = .01) compared to the standard treatment, but both methods were similarly effective for improvement of MIO (corrected p‐value = .71) and improvement of all EMG indices (corrected p‐values ≥ .05).ConclusionThe enhancing effect of electroporation in transdermal delivery of diclofenac sodium was demonstrated by decreased pain, increase MIO and EMG improvement to normal values. Its analgesic and inflammatory results are comparable with standard treatment offered by corticosteroids.
Sigma‐1 receptor antagonist (BD‐1063) potentiates the antinociceptive effect of quercetin in neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury
Authors: Espinosa‐Juárez Josué Vidal , Jaramillo‐Morales Osmar Antonio , Déciga‐Campos Myrna , Moreno‐Rocha Luis Alfonso , López‐Muñoz Francisco Javier 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNeuropathic pain is characterized by the presence of hyperalgesia and allodynia. Pharmacological treatments include the use of antiepileptics such as pregabalin or gabapentin, as well as antidepressants; however, given the role of the sigma‐1 receptor in the generation and maintenance of pain, it has been suggested that sigma‐1 receptor antagonists may be effective. There are also other alternatives that have been explored, such as the use of flavonoids such as quercetin. Due to the relevance of drug combinations in therapeutics, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the combination of BD‐1063 with quercetin in a chronic sciatic nerve constriction model using the “Surface of Synergistic Interaction” analysis method. The combination had preferable additive or synergistic effects, with BD‐1063 (17.8 mg/kg) + QUER (5.6 mg/kg) showing the best antinociceptive effects. The required doses were also lower than those used individually to obtain the same level of effect. Our results provide the first evidence that the combination of a sigma‐1 receptor antagonist and the flavonoid quercetin may be useful in the treatment of nociceptive behaviors associated with neuropathic pain, suggesting a new therapeutic alternative for this type of pain.
Leaf shape in Populus tremula is a complex, omnigenic trait
Authors: Mähler Niklas , Schiffthaler Bastian , Robinson Kathryn M. , Terebieniec Barbara K. , Vučak Matej , Mannapperuma Chanaka , Bailey Mark E. S. , Jansson Stefan , Hvidsten Torgeir R. , Street Nathaniel R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLeaf shape is a defining feature of how we recognize and classify plant species. Although there is extensive variation in leaf shape within many species, few studies have disentangled the underlying genetic architecture. We characterized the genetic architecture of leaf shape variation in Eurasian aspen (Populus tremula L.) by performing genome‐wide association study (GWAS) for physiognomy traits. To ascertain the roles of identified GWAS candidate genes within the leaf development transcriptional program, we generated RNA‐Seq data that we used to perform gene co‐expression network analyses from a developmental series, which is publicly available within the PlantGenIE resource. We additionally used existing gene expression measurements across the population to analyze GWAS candidate genes in the context of a population‐wide co‐expression network and to identify genes that were differentially expressed between groups of individuals with contrasting leaf shapes. These data were integrated with expression GWAS (eQTL) results to define a set of candidate genes associated with leaf shape variation. Our results identified no clear adaptive link to leaf shape variation and indicate that leaf shape traits are genetically complex, likely determined by numerous small‐effect variations in gene expression. Genes associated with shape variation were peripheral within the population‐wide co‐expression network, were not highly connected within the leaf development co‐expression network, and exhibited signatures of relaxed selection. As such, our results are consistent with the omnigenic model.
Effects of hyperkalaemia and non‐adherence to renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitor therapy in patients with heart failure in Italy: a propensity‐matched study
Authors: Volterrani Maurizio , Perrone Valentina , Sangiorgi Diego , Giacomini Elisa , Iellamo Ferdinando , Degli Esposti Luca ,   on the behalf of a LHUs Study Group (see Appendix)
Published: October 2020

AimsThe aims of this study were to evaluate if the risk of cardiovascular events and all‐cause mortality was higher in the presence of hyperkalaemia (HK) in patients with heart failure (HF) treated with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi), and to investigate in this cohort the increased risk of cardiovascular events and all‐cause mortality among HK patients with non‐optimal adherence to RAASi therapy.Methods and resultsIn this retrospective cohort study based on administrative databases of five Italian Local Health Units, all adult patients with a HF diagnosis between January 2010 and December 2017 were included only if they were prescribed RAASi therapy during the first 3 months after the index date, that corresponded to the date of first HF diagnosis during the inclusion period. Patients were considered to have HK if serum potassium level was ≥5.5 mmol/L. A propensity score matching was applied before evaluation of hazard ratios. Patients with HK were 37% (P < 0.001) and 70% (P < 0.001), respectively, more at risk of cardiovascular events and of dying for all‐cause mortality compared to non‐HK patients. Among the HK group, patients non‐adherent to RAASi therapy had a 39% (P = 0.105) higher risk of cardiovascular events and a twofold increased risk (P < 0.001) of all‐cause death.ConclusionFindings from this real‐world study showed that in a cohort of HF patients under RAASi therapy, subjects with HK had an enhanced risk of cardiovascular events or death compared to patients without HK. Moreover, in HK patients, sub‐optimal adherence to RAASi therapy was associated with an increased risk of all‐cause mortality.
Prolonged Life Expectancy for Those Dying of Stroke by Achieving the Daily PM2.5 Targets
Authors: Ruan Zengliang , Qi Jinlei , Yin Peng , Qian Zhengmin (Min) , Liu Jiangmei , Liu Yunning , Yang Yin , Li Huan , Zhang Shiyu , Howard Steven W. , Lin Hualiang , Wang Lijun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis time‐series study collects data on stroke‐related mortality, years of life lost (YLL), air pollution, and meteorological conditions in 96 Chinese cities from 2013 to 2016 and proposes a three‐stage strategy to generate the national and regional estimations of avoidable YLL, gains in life expectancy and stroke‐related population attributable fraction by postulating that the daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been kept under certain standards. A total of 1 318 911 stroke deaths are analyzed. Each 10 µg m−3 increment in PM2.5 at lag03 is associated with a city‐mean increase of 0.31 (95% CI: 0.19, 0.44) years of life lost from stroke. A number of 914.11 (95% CI: 538.28, 1288.94) years of city‐mean life lost from stoke could be avoided by attaining the WHO's Air Quality Guidelines (AQG) (25 µg m−3). Moreover, by applying the AQG standard, 0.11 (0.08, 0.15) years of life lost might be prevented for each death, and about 0.91% (95% CI: 0.62%, 1.19%) of the total years of life lost from stroke might be explained by the daily excess PM2.5 exposure. This study indicates that stroke patients can have a longer life expectancy if stricter PM2.5 standards are put in place, especially ischemic stroke patients.
“We’re in the background”: Facilitators and barriers to fathers’ engagement and participation in a health intervention during the early parenting period
Authors: Seymour Monique , Peace Ryan , Wood Catherine E. , Jillard Chris , Evans Kirsty , O’Brien Jacquie , Williams Le Ann , Brown Stephanie , Giallo Rebecca 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIssues addressedLittle is known about the barriers and facilitators associated with engaging fathers in interventions targeting their physical and mental health. The current research therefore aimed to explore fathers’ perceived barriers and facilitators to engagement and participation in a health intervention delivered during the early parenting period.MethodsEleven fathers of young children (0‐4 years) were interviewed about their perceptions and experiences of facilitators and barriers to engaging and participating in an intervention (Working Out Dads) to target their mental and physical health. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsFathers identified a number of program‐related and father‐related facilitators and barriers which impacted their engagement and participation. Program‐related facilitators included: accessibility of the program; father advocacy of the program; group fitness/exercise component; and having a father‐specific program. Facilitating factors related to fathers included: making social connections; learning how to be a better dad/partner; and partner support and encouragement to attend. Program‐related barriers included: travel; lack of awareness; and gender roles. While father‐related barriers included: being time poor; sacrifices to family; and apprehension.ConclusionsThe current findings identified many areas that facilitate, encourage and motivate men to participate in interventions which support their mental and physical health during the early parenting period.RelevanceGenerating evidence on barriers and facilitators to health interventions is important to improving the current intervention along with informing the development of engaging and targeted health interventions for fathers in early parenthood.
Delineating role of NF‐κB and interacting cytokines during prostate cancer‐induced osteoclastogenesis
Authors: Jadli Mohit , Thakur Kulbhushan , Aggarwal Nikita , Chhokar Arun , Bibban Rakhi , Singh Tejveer , Bhat Anjali , Bharti Alok C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) frequently metastasizes to the bone leading to devastating complications such as severe pain and fracture. However, the mechanisms by which PCa cells cause bone loss remain less understood. We investigated the role and mechanisms by which PCa cells induce osteoclastogenesis using cultured monocytic osteoclast precursors. Treatment of RAW264.7 cells with PCa cell lines: DU145, LNCaP, PC‐3, or their conditioned media led to the formation of distinct multinucleated, TRAP+ osteoclasts. This phenomenon was associated with the increased activation of transcription factor nuclear factor‐kB (NF‐κB). High transcript level of receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kB ligand (RANKL), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) were detected in PCa cells. TNF‐α and LT‐α augmented, whereas IL‐6 reduced the RANKL‐induced osteoclast formation in RAW264.7 cultures. Our results also demonstrated that PCa cells‐induced osteoclastogenesis involved the activation of the TRAF6–IKK–p65–NF‐κB signaling cascade. Together, our study demonstrates that PCa cells produce RANKL and several other pro‐inflammatory cytokines known to influence osteoclastogenesis, by targeting the NF‐κB signaling pathway.
Cancer cachexia and skeletal muscle atrophy in clinical studies: what do we really know?
Authors: Dolly Adeline , Dumas Jean‐François , Servais Stéphane 
Published: October 2020

AbstractResearch investigators have shown a growing interest in investigating alterations underlying skeletal muscle wasting in patients with cancer. However, skeletal muscle dysfunctions associated with cancer cachexia have mainly been studied in preclinical models. In the present review, we summarize the results of clinical studies in which skeletal muscle biopsies were collected from cachectic vs. non‐cachectic cancer patients. Most of these studies suggest the presence of significant physiological alterations in skeletal muscle from cachectic cancer patients. We suggest a hypothesis, which connects structural and metabolic parameters that may, at least in part, be responsible for the skeletal muscle atrophy characteristic of cancer cachexia. Finally, we discuss the importance of a better standardization of the diagnostic criteria for cancer cachexia, as well as the requirement for additional clinical studies to improve the robustness of these conclusions.
Pulmonary infections mimicking malignancy on bronchoscopy: A retrospective single‐center study in Japan
Authors: Itoh Naoya , Shimizu Junichi , Murakami Hiromi , Hida Toyoaki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary infections can imitate pulmonary neoplasms. Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a typical example of an infection that mimics cancer and results in unexpected exposure of healthcare workers to TB. A large number of patients with suspected lung malignancy are referred to cancer centers, although the epidemiology of the final diagnosis is unclear in Japan. This study aimed to determine the frequency and nature of pulmonary infections that imitate malignancy among patients with presumed lung cancer that is subsequently diagnosed as a pulmonary infection based on bronchoscopy findings. We also aimed to identify the prevalence of formerly undiagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis that could pose an occupational risk to healthcare workers.MethodsThis single‐center retrospective cross‐sectional study included patients with suspected pulmonary malignancy who underwent bronchoscopy at a tertiary care cancer center in Japan between April 2017 and March 2020. Electronic medical records of the bronchoscopy database were reviewed to identify the final diagnoses recorded by physicians.ResultsAmong the 460 patients enrolled in the present study, 362 (78.7%) and 8 (1.7%) had primary or metastatic pulmonary lesions and benign lesions, respectively. Sixty‐six patients (14.3%) had nonspecific findings or other pulmonary diseases. Infection was confirmed in 24 patients (5.2%). Mycobacterial infections (n = 16) were the most frequent infectious disease; four patients had TB and 12 had nontuberculous mycobacterial infections.ConclusionsDespite the rare occurrence of TB in patients with suspected lung malignancy, healthcare workers should remain vigilant regarding the possibility of TB to prevent occupational exposure during invasive procedures such as routine bronchoscopy.
A review of food poisoning caused by local food in Japan
Authors: Watari Takashi , Tachibana Takayuki , Okada Azusa , Nishikawa Kasumi , Otsuki Kazuya , Nagai Nobuhiro , Abe Haruki , Nakano Yasuhisa , Takagi Soshi , Amano Yu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIncreasingly popular worldwide, Japanese cuisine includes several raw preparations such as sashimi and sushi; however, limited information on food poisoning from Japanese local food is available in English literature. Without appropriate knowledge, physicians may underdiagnose traveler's diarrhea among people returning from Japan. To provide accurate information to primary care physicians worldwide, we conducted a narrative review on food poisoning research published in Japanese and English over the past four years, considering the frequency and clinical importance of various presentations.