bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pellet Formulation of Trichoderma Isolated from Aceh with Potential for Biocontrol of Phytophthora Sp. on Cacao Sedlings
Authors: Sriwati Rina , Chamzhurni Tjut , Alfizar Alfizar , Soekarno Bonny PW , Maulidia Vina , Sahputra Irza 
Published: October 2019

Molleculler study was conducted to identify several species of Trichoderma isolate from several plant (Pine, Cacao, Gliceria, Nutmeg, Bamboo, Coffee, Potato). The growth of eight species Trichodermaafter pelleting formulation has been observed. Pellet Trichoderma harzianum have good ability to growth on PDA medium after 4 weeks storage. Base on their mycelium diameter growth on PDA, T. harzianum have selected as potential species on pellet formulation growth. Several dose of pellet formulation have been applied for controlling Phythopthora disease. The application of T. harzianum pellets in the form of a 2 g / 100 ml (S1) suspension effective in inhibiting the development of Phytophthora sp in cacao seedlings, when the higher concentrations of T. harzianum pellets applied to cacao seeds,the disease severity increase. Pellet Trichoderma could be use as biological control agent of cacao seedling in certain dosage.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ МЕХАНІЗМ ПОБУДОВИ ПРОГНОЗІВ ВИРОБНИЧО-ГОСПОДАРСЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Дегтярьова О. В. 
Published: October 2019

Formulation of the problem. For many decades, forecasting has been a debating issue, explained by the economic-historical context that defines the organizational and economic mechanism of forecasting. The purpose of the article is to develop an organizational and economic mechanism for making forecasts of production and economic activity of enterprises and to evaluate its effectiveness. The subject of the research is the organizational and economic mechanism for the construction of prognosis of industrial enterprises. The working hypothesis of the research includes the idea that the requirements for creating an organizational and economic mechanism of the economic system are the same as for creating an information system. The methods used in the research are abstraction and extrapolation. The classification of information systems requirements proposed by Karl Wiggers is considered in the research processes. Statment main material. Today, forecasting is an integral part of the workflows that take place at the enterprise and these processes are implemented through certain organizational and economic mechanisms. The article considers the concept of organizational and economic mechanism of forecasting production and economic activity of enterprises. Recent publications in this scientific field of knowledge have been analyzed. Originality and practical significance of the research. For the first time, the author proposed, based on the hypothesis that the economic system is primarily an information system, to use the system requirements for information systems developed by Wiegers K. Moreover, the author developed and defined the requirements for the economic system, taking into account the organizational and economic management mechanism, described within the system. requirements of the prediction system function. The conclusion of the research is the need to build such an information system that would take into account all the described functions of the organizational and economic mechanism of forecasting. The prospect of further research is to study the best methods, building forecasting, taking into account the cyclical nature of the economy.
МЕХАНІЗМИ БЮДЖЕТУВАННЯ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА : МОЖЛИВОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ФІНАНСОВОЮ БЕЗПЕКОЮ
Authors: Ліхоносова Г. С. , Нецвітаєва О. І. 
Published: October 2019

Formulation of the problem. The article presents the author's opinion on the possibilities of using the mechanisms of budgeting the activity of the enterprise as tools of financial security management. The liberalization of financial relations and the free cross-border movement of capital led to the intensification of internal and external shocks on the development of economic entities. The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical aspects of the budgeting system as a tool for managing the financial security of an enterprise, in order to form a holistic view of budgeting as an economic category. The object of the study is the process of budgeting the activity of the enterprise, its organizational and economic capabilities and tools for managing the financial security of the enterprise. Methods used of the research: systematic approach, method of generalization, comparison, logical-meaningful method, monographic method, methods of induction and deduction, etc. The main hypothesis is that the financial stability of a functioning enterprise depends on the economic policy option, which is formed by the structure of the budgeting instruments of the enterprise. Presenting main material. The reasons for using this tool at the enterprise are revealed. The efficiency of the use of budgeting in the management of financial security of the enterprise is shown. Budgeting makes it possible to increase the financial soundness of management decisions and the effectiveness of information support of enterprise management; to differentiate between the leaders of different levels of the organizational hierarchy for results and to make a positive impact on their motivation; to agree on the different lines of activity of the units and the work of the enterprise as a whole on the basis of a single coordinated budget; improve current budgets by matching planned and actual indicators with results; to predict volumes of material and financial flows, cost structure. The originality and practical significance of the research. The basis of the mechanism of ensuring the financial security of the enterprise is a systematic combination of certain tools, methods, levers and information and analytical support, created on the basis of the principles of financial security, which objectively exist as economic laws, as well as produced by entities of financial security management of the enterprise to achieve and protecting the latter's financial interests. Conclusions of the research. The introduction of the entity's budgeting system enables the planning of financial and economic activities with the expectation of achieving a specific financial result and financial targets. Thus, budgeting is an effective tool for managing the financial security of an enterprise and acts as one of the main processes in the financial planning system.
ОЦІНКА РИЗИКІВ ПРИ ФОРМУВАННІ ФІНАНСОВОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ АГРАРНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Костирко Л. А. , Соломатіна Т. В. 
Published: October 2019

Formulation of the problem. Based on the research of the problems of the agrarian sector, the methodical approach to risk assessment in the development of financial policy of agrarian enterprises and the main measures to minimize risks are substantiated. The purpose of the article - is to develop and adapt scientific and methodological provisions on risk assessment in the formation of financial policy of agrarian enterprises. The object of the study is financial policy resource provision of agrarian enterprises. Methods used in the research: logical-meaningful, methods of scientific knowledge, induction, analysis, mathematical modeling. The hypothesis of research: the existence of a relationship between risk, financial policy and the performance of agrarian enterprises. The statement of basic materials: on the basis of approbation of the proposed methodical approach to the assessment of the risks of agrarian enterprises activity, indicators of planned marginal income are calculated taking into account losses from the risks of agrarian enterprises of the Lugansk region. Originality and practical significance of the research has the proposed scientific and methodical approach to the comprehensive assessment of the impact of risk on the efficiency of agrarian enterprises, the implementation of which allows identifying risks, to plan the probability of profitability of enterprises and to choose the financial policy. Conclusions of research: implementation of the proposed simulation modeling technique allows assessing the level of threats to the risk factors of agrarian enterprises, which are predictable, difficult to manage and develop measures to ensure the effectiveness of the implementation of financial policy.
PENGGUNAAN TANAH BENTONIT SEBAGAI ADSORBEN LOGAM Cu
Authors: Daniel S Bath  , Jenal M Siregar  , M Turmuzi Lubis  
Published: October 2019

Bentonite serve the purpose of substance adsorpsi because swelling ability and cation for exchange. But adsorption ability is limited so that require to be activated by strong acid to higher level adsorption of bentonite. This research use Ca-Bentonit activated by strong acid HCl. Cation Cu analysed by using Spektofometri Serapan Atom (SSA). Result of research indicate that the increasing of HCl concentration and activation time can improve the adsorption capacity of bentonite. Maximum HCl concentration at 1,6 M and maximum activation time at 24 hour. Optimum heavy bentonite at 4 gr of 100 ppm Cu solution and optimum contact time at 2 hour. Result from Cu isoterm adsorption is weight of adsorption have same range with Cu concentration
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH LATEKS KARET ALAM DENGAN PENGISI BUBUK PELEPAH PISANG SEBAGAI ADSORBEN MINYAK
Authors: Ismail Fahmi Hasibuan  , Edward Tandy  , Hamidah Harahap  
Published: October 2019

The use of waste of natural rubber latex with banana sheats powder filler to serve as a more useful product that is used as adsorbent of oil. The process begins with drying the adsorbent manufacture banana and polished up to 100 mesh size. Then the banana powder mixed with waste latex with variations of 10 and 20% (w / w). The analysis of the ability of the adsorbent adsorption isotherms using the Langmuir equation and Freundlich isotherm equation. Research carried out by the batch process and the use of lubricating oil as the adsorbate. The results obtained showed the addition of banana powder as filler waste adsorbent adsorption of latex increases the ability of the oil adsorbent. The conclusion of the analysis showed an increase in the number of characteristics adsroben banana powder can enhance the adsorption of adsorbent.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ALKANOLAMIDA TERHADAP SIFAT-SIFAT UJI TARIK VULKANISAT KARET ALAM BERPENGISI KAOLIN
Authors: Yudha Widyanata  , Indah M.S. Sitorus  , Indra Surya  
Published: October 2019

By using a semi-efficient vulcanization system, Alkanolamide (ALK) was incorporated into kaolin-filled natural rubber compound at 1.0; 3.0; 5.0 and 7.0 parts per hundred rubber (phr). An investigation was carried out to examine the effect of ALK on tensile properties of the kaolin filled-natural rubber compound. It was found that ALK exhibited higher tensile modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break up to 5.0 phr of ALK loading and then decreased with further increasing of ALK loading. Crosslink density measurement proved that 5.0 phr loading of ALK in the kaolin-filled natural rubber system exhibited greatest tensile properties due to its highest crosslink density formation.
KARAKTERISTIK EDIBLE FILM DARI EKSTRAK KACANG KEDELAI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG TAPIOKA DAN GLISEROL SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGEMAS MAKANAN
Authors: Loisa Lorensia Sinaga  , Melisa Seri Rejekina S  , Mersi Suriani Sinaga  
Published: October 2019

ne way to solve the environment issue in the usage of nonbiodegradable plastic is by using biodegradable packaging. Edible film is a thin layer which is overlay the food. In this research, edible film made from mixture of soybean extract with starch and glycerol. The process of making edible films is began with producing soybean protein extract producing soy milk. Soy milk added by tapioca flour and glyserol variations : 2; 4; 6; 8 and 10 (ml/100 ml soy milk). Then, the mixture stirred by using magnetic stirer, formed and dried in the oven at the temperature of 40 °C ± 2 days. After that, the characteristics test of edible film done by checking the thickness, the tensile strength and elongation at break. The results of research shows that the addition of glycerol influence the edible film’s thickness, tensile strength and elongation at break. The thickness obtained from the increasing of the addition glycerol. They are 0,208 mm; 0,228 mm; 0,248 mm; 0,274 mm and 0,294 mm. The tensile strength will decrease if the thickness of the edible film increase. They are 0,105 MPa; 0,134 MPa; 0,088 MPa; 0,072 MPa and 0,048 MPa. The elongation at break which is obtained will increase by increasing of edible film’s thickness. They are 1,839%; 3,270%; 3,842%; 5,779%, and 6,158%. The characteristic’s test shows that the best thickness of edible film is 0,228 mm.
PENGARUH UKURAN SERBUK TEMPURUNG KELAPA SEBAGAI PENGISI KOMPOSIT POLIESTER TAK JENUH TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK DAN PENYERAPAN AIR
Authors: Falma Irawati Sijabat  , Jenmorisdo Saragih  , Halimatuddahliana  
Published: October 2019

Coconut Shell Powder (CSP) was derived from industrial Making Anti-Mosquito can potentially be used as filler in materials composite. The investigation on the utilization of CSP as filler in a polyester matrix has been done with the purpose to obtain the best CSP fillers size in Unsaturated Polyester (UPR) composites in producing the best mechanical properties such as tensile strength, impact strength and water absorption. In this study, UPR was mixed with CSP at the sizes 50 mesh, 70 mesh and 100 mesh with comparison of CSP: Unsaturated Polyester 20:80 (w/w) by using hand lay-up method. The result of mechanical properties showed that, at a ratio of CSP: PE (20:80), the maximum tensile strength obtained is 42.558 MPa with the size of CSP 70 mesh. The test on impact strength was found that the increasing only occured with the size of CSP 100 mesh at 6083.47 J/m2. For absorption test, the highest water absorption occured at the first day, water absorption increased with increasing the amount of filler and the most CSP absorbed water at 70 mesh.
PERANCANGAN PROTOTIPE BIOREAKTOR UNTUK PENGOLAHAN LANJUT LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT (LCPKS) SECARA AEROBIK
Authors: Bambang Trisakti  , Jhon Almer S. Pasaribu  , Tri Afrianty  , T. Husaini  , Irvan  
Published: October 2019

LCPKS further processing is usually done by using activated sludge system is implemented in an open pond.This system requires a large enough dissolved oxygen so that if the system would lead to poor aeration then the HRT will be great. In addition to the spread of foul smell due to the system being used is open. This study aims to produce a prototype bioreactor that can be used to replace the above processing system. Bioreactor tank made ​​of transparent plastic tube that comes by baffles and stirrer are made ​​of stainless steel. In addition, the bioreactor is also equipped with a motor stirrer, aeration systems, and deodorizing unit. The resulting prototype has 11.078 cm high and 21.4 cm diameter, 9.2-liter operating volume, and fluid and baffle height is 24.5 cm. Bioreactor equipped with two stirrer blade that is horizontal turbine disc type at 7.13 cm of the tank bottom and paddle 4-rowing at 12.84 cm above the first blade. Bioreactor prototype has passed the leakage testand if the air flowing in at a constant velocity 0.5 m/s then the value of gasholdup (ε) is 0.02. Used this prototype for further processing LCPKS cause COD value of waste fell from 4,482 mg/l to 3,096 mg/l for 30 days long processed.
PEMBUATAN SIRUP GLUKOSA DARI KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa acuminatabalbisianacolla) SECARA ENZIMATIS
Authors: Zulqarnain Albaasith  , Rahmad Nauli Lubis  , Rondang Tambun  
Published: October 2019

Glucose syrup is a trade name of hydrolysis of starch solution. The purpose of this research is to produce glucose syrup from banana peel and examine the variables that affect the hydrolysis process. The process of making glucose syrup in this study through a series of treatment until the resulting slurry is ready to be processed banana peel. Hydrolysis process is then performed using α-amylase and glucoamylase enzyme. This process is carried out in four phases: liquefaction, saccharification, purification and concentration. In the liquefaction process to vary the weight of raw materials: water (10% w / v, 20% w / v, 30% w / v and 40% w / v) and heating temperature (60oC, 70oC, 80oC and 90oC). In this research shows that the best glucose syrup is in the variation of glucose syrup raw materials: water 10% w / v at a temperature of 90oC which produces reducing sugar 9.86% and 98.56% DE value.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN AMMONIUM SULFAT (NH4)2SO4 DAN WAKTU PERENDAMAN BUFFER FOSFAT TERHADAP PEROLEHAN CRUDE PAPAIN DARI DAUN PEPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA, L)
Authors: Mitha Alviyulita  , Pinta Rizki Mala Hasibuan  , Farida Hanum  
Published: October 2019

Papaya leaves is a plant that rich in benefits. Papaya leaves contains papain enzyme which is a protease enzyme that very helpful for the industry. This study aims to determine the effect of the saturation level of ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4 and immersion time with phosphate buffer to get yield of protease from crude papaya. In this study varied immersion time with phosphate buffer is 0, 12, 24, and 36 hours and the saturation level of ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4 is 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 %. Analysis of protease activity was performed using UV spectrophotometer to measure the wavelength and absorbance values​​. The highest value of the protease activation (132,98% unit/ml) was obtained during 36 h of immersion time in phosphate buffer with 60% concentration of ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4. The results found on 36 h of immersion time in 90% of ammonium sulphate concentration were the highest for rendement and water content value of 37,62 and 65,70%, respectively.
PENGARUH SUHU REAKSI DAN JUMLAH KATALIS PADA PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI LIMBAH LEMAK SAPI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS HETEROGEN CaO DARI KULIT TELUR AYAM
Authors: Wendi  , Valentinoh Cuaca  , Taslim  
Published: October 2019

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engines consisting of the alkyl monoesters from vegetable oils or animal fats. Beef tallow waste is the non-edible raw material with low cost production and the availability is huge in the cattle production. The objective of the study was to utilize beef tallow waste for biodiesel production using solid oxide catalyst which derived from the industrial eggshells. The materials calcined with temperature 900oC and time 2 hours, transformed calcium species in the shells into active CaO catalysts.The oil contained high free fatty acid (FFA) content of 1.86%. The FFA content of the oil was reduced by acid-catalyzed esterification. The product from this stage was subjected to produce biodiesel. Transesterification process reacts oil and methanol to produce methyl ester and glycerol. The produced methyl ester on the upper layer was separated from the glycerol and then washed. Effect of various process variables such as amount of catalyst and temperature were investigated. The biodiesel properties like methyl ester content, density, viscosity, and flash point was evaluated and was found to compare well with Indonesian Standard (SNI). Under the best condition, the maximum yield of 82.43% beef tallow methyl ester was obtained by using 9:1 molar ratio of methanol to beef tallow oil at 55oC, for a reaction time 1.5 hours in the presence 3 wt% of CaO catalyst. The results of this work showed that the use of beef tallow is very suitable as low cost feedstock for biodiesel production.
PENGARUH SUHU DALAM PEMBUATAN KARBON AKTIF DARI KULIT SALAK (Salacca edulis) DENGAN IMPREGNASI ASAM FOSFAT (H3PO4)
Authors: Muhammad Turmuzi  , Arion Syaputra  
Published: October 2019

This study was aimed to determine the yield, iodine and characteristics of activated carbon pore surface area. Activated carbon is made by impregnation method with phosphoric acid (H3PO4). Snake fruit peel that has been mashed 1-2 mm soaked with phosphoric acid for (H3PO4) with concentration 10% for 3 hours. Filtered and dried for 24 hours at 60 °C. Snake fruit peel that has been impregnated pyrolysis at 400- 600 °C for 1 hours. Snake fruit peel that has been pyrolysis cooled in a desiccator for 30 minutes and washed until neutral pH. Then dried to a constant mass. The results showed that the best yield at a temperature of 400 °C 71.70%. The best surface area is 4078,694 m2/g. While iodine best is 494,91mg/g at a temperature 600 °C.
PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI RBDPO DENGAN KATALIS CANGKANG KEPAH
Authors: M. Yusuf Ritonga  , Anda Putra  
Published: October 2019

Biodiesel is a low-emission diesel fuel substitute made from renewable resources and waste oil. The objective of the study was to study of CaO catalysts in biodiesel production from RBDPO with clam shell catalyst through calcinations of CaCO3 with temperature of 900oC and 3.5 hours will be obtained CaO content of 68,35%. Effect of various process variables such as type of catalyst, reaction time, amount of catalyst and molar ratio of Methanol / oil were investigated. The biodiesel properties like methyl ester content, density, viscosity, and flash point was compared with Indonesian Standard (SNI). Under the best condition, the maximum yield, purity, density, viscosity and flash point of biodiesel RBDPO respectively for 84,0179%, 97,98%, 875,47 kg/m3, 4,99 cSt and 122oC was obtained by using 12:1 molar ratio of methanol to RBDPO oil at 60oC, for a reaction time of 2 hours in the presence 5 wt% of CaO catalyst. The results of this research showed that heterogeneous catalysts CaO derived from clam shell suitable to be used as catalysts in biodiesel production.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CANGKANG KERANG BULU SEBAGAI ADSORBEN UNTUK MENJERAP LOGAM KADMIUM (II) DAN TIMBAL (II)
Authors: Akhmad Anugerah S  , Iriany  
Published: October 2019

Adsorbent from fur shells could be used to adsorb heavy metal ions such, as Cd (II) and Pb (II). This is shown by the research of adsorption using the fur shells. This research was aimed to characterize the fur shells. Variables in this research were the activation temperature and concentration of the metal solution. This research was begun with reduction of the shell size to 140 mesh, then thermal activation at temperature 110ᴼC, 500ᴼC and 800ᴼC in the furnace. After that adsorbent was characterized using BET, measured its density, moisture content and ash, the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was tested by using solution of Cd (II) and Pb (II), and then the concentration of the remaining solution was measured by AAS. The result showed that activated adsorbent at temperatures 110ᴼC, 500ᴼC and 800ᴼC had surface area of 725.43; 807.94; and 803.822 m2/g. Density was inversely proportional to the activation temperature, the value of moisture content and ash obtained were in accordance to SNI. Activated adsorbent at 500ᴼC suitabled with the Freundlich Isotherm.