bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nepal: country report on children’s environmental health
Authors: Pathak Krishna Prasad , Gaire Tara 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlthough Nepal is a country rich in natural beauty, along with an abundance of natural resources, the children of this diverse nation still face several serious health issues arising from their own environment (water pollution, air pollution, chemical pollution, solid waste issues and drainage issues). Nepal also ranks as a highly vulnerable country to the adverse impacts of climate change. Children are more vulnerable to various infections for immunological, physiological and social reasons. Their inherent immunity diminishes within months after birth. There are risk factors for the development of various diseases, e.g. unsafe drinking water and lack of sanitation, which contribute to diarrheal diseases, trachoma, hookworm and amoebic dysentery; another risk factor is indoor air pollution. The infant mortality rate (IMR) is higher in rural areas with 55 per 1000 live births, compared to urban areas with 38 per 1000 live births. Likewise, the under-5-year-old mortality rate (MR) in rural areas is 64 and that in urban areas is 45 per 1000 live births. Around 12% of the population suffer from chronic respiratory diseases, according to a recent study exploring the situation in Kathmandu. Pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality among children under 5 years of age in Nepalese hospitals. Children under 5 are more prone to the ill effects of polluted environments because of their less well-developed immune system. In addition, the school environment is not sufficiently healthy due to the distribution of unsafe drinking water and poor sanitation supply systems. In Nepal, mainly in the 20 Terai districts, arsenic contamination of groundwater is a public health problem. Underground water is used as drinking water in those areas, but without purification – the estimate is that around 0.5 million people live at the risk of arsenic poisoning. Within a span of 200 km from north to south, the climate of Nepal varies from arctic to tropical. The annual average air pollution concentration is 5 times above the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guidelines, which poses a serious health risk to hundreds of thousands of Nepalese people: 133 out of 1,000,000 deaths each year are related to air pollution. Dramatically, Kathmandu city is a silent killer to walk around due to air pollution, and its air quality is ranked as the worst out of 180 countries, according to the 2018 Environmental Performance Index. However, insufficient studies have been conducted to explore children’s environmental health issues. It is therefore essential to carry out more scientific studies to explore the issues of children’s environmental health as environmental health problems in children are serious in the Nepalese context.
Sémiotique de l’espace, l’espace de la sémiotique : La Chambre bleue de Sohrab Sépehri, une redéfinition de l’espace sémiotisant
Authors: Ayati Akram , Akbari Najmeh 
Published: February 2020

Résumé
Les études déjà menées depuis des années 1970 autour de la sémiotique de l’espace montrent que les fondements méthodologiques et épistémologiques de cette approche se situent bel et bien, dans la lignée de la sémiotique structurale. Pourtant, certains espaces et le sens qui y émerge en acte ne peuvent pas être réduits à un cadre théorique si restreint. Cet article se propose de montrer, à travers l’analyse d’une chambre décrite par Sohrab Sépehri (1928–1980), poète et peintre moderne iranien, comment l’explication de la production du sens dans cet espace échappe aux fondements de l’appareil théorique classique. Notre hypothèse est que cette chambre en tant qu’espace qui ne se veut plus comme un objet-valeur, ni comme un espace opératoire ou manipulateur, prend sens dans un processus interactionnel comme un mouvement tourbillonnaire qui implique le sujet, l’entoure, l’engage et le fait ainsi vivre une expérience vécue. Cet espace éprouvé devient ainsi l’espace existentiel de la présence du monde du poète. Mais selon quelles caractéristiques déterminons-nous le régime d’espace auquel appartient la Chambre bleue de Sépehri ? Comment et dans quelle mesure la Chambre qui appelle le poète sans arrêt, contribue à lui former un nouvel être au monde et à le faire avancer dans son itinéraire transcendant ? C’est à ces questions que ce texte essaiera de répondre.
PIK3CA and TP53 MUTATIONS and SALL4, PTEN and PIK3R1 GENE EXPRESSION LEVELS in BREAST CANCER
Authors: Dirican Ebubekir , Erbarut Seven İpek , Kaya Handan , Uğurlu M. Ümit , Peker İrem , Güllüoğlu Bahadır M. , Özer Ayşe , Akkiprik Mustafa 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objective
A high frequency of PI3K signalling pathway abnormalities and TP53 mutations are critical in the development and progression of breast cancer (BCa). We aimed to detect PIK3CA and TP53 mutations via an expression analysis of PIK3R1, PTEN and SALL4 and correlate the expression of these genes with clinical parameters of BCa.

Materials and methods

PIK3CA and TP53 mutations in BCa samples were analysed by High-Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis, followed by Sanger sequencing, and the expression levels of PIK3R1, PTEN and SALL4 were evaluated by RT-PCR methods.

Results
The frequency of PIK3CA and TP53 mutations was 42% and 38% according to the HRM and Sanger sequencing. There was a significantly high frequency of these mutations in ER( +), N0 and HER2( −) tumour samples. PIK3R1 and PTEN expression levels were high in tumour samples, whereas SALL4 expression was low. In patients with TP53 mutations, PIK3R1 expression was low, and this finding was statistically significant. PIK3R1 and PTEN expression levels showed statistically significant, respectively in G3 grades, ER(+), (PR)( +), HER2(+) and ER( +).

Conclusions
We suggest that these candidate genes could be potential prognostic biomarkers of BCa and that they should be considered in the evaluation of clinical parameters of BCa.
Immunoassay biomarkers of first and second trimesters: a comparison between pregnant Syrian refugees and Turkish women
Authors: Ekici Günay Nahide , Aksoy Hüseyin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
It was aimed to investigate maternal serum hormone values used for aneuploidy screening, demographic characteristics and fetal measurements in the population of pregnant Syrian refugees (PSRs) and to compare with data from pregnant Turkish women (PTW).

Material and methods
The study assessed data from 2697 pregnant who underwent triple and double screening tests, including 1738 Turkish and 959 Syrian women. The maternal serum biomarkers, demographic characteristics and fetal sonography measurements were compared and biases were calculated. By multivariate linear regression analysis, group-specific regression coefficients were estimated.

Results
Mean total age and weight were found to be significantly different and lower in PSRs in all gestational ages evaluated (p < 0.001; p < 0.001). The first trimester, median biases for fß-hCG were found to be higher by 38% and 24.5% for weeks 11 and 13, respectively. In the second trimester, median values of tß-hCG showed negative biases of 11.8% and 21.2% on weeks 16 and 19 in PSRs, respectively (p < 0.001). It was considered that ethnicity has a stronger effect on first trimester hormone biomarkers than second trimester. The ethnic diversity showed the greatest effect on fß-hCG.

Conclusion
Race/ethnicity-specific regression coefficients and median values based on validated risk estimations should have to be used for fetal aneuploidy risk reports.
A Moving Residual Limb: Botulinum Toxin to the Rescue
Authors: Briand Marie-Michèle , Boudier-Réveret Mathieu , Rodrigue Xavier , Sirois Geneviève , Chang Min Cheol 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Movement disorders post-amputation are a rare complication and can manifest as the jumping stump phenomenon, a form of peripheral myoclonus. The pathophysiology remains unknown and there is currently no standardized treatment. We describe the case of a 57-year-old male with unremitting stump myoclonus, starting one month after transtibial amputation, in his residual limb without associated phantom or neurological pain. The consequence of the myoclonus was a reduction in prosthetic wearing time. Failure to respond to oral medication led us to attempt the use of botulinum neurotoxin Type A injections in the involved muscles of the residual limb. Injection trials, over a two-year period, resulted in an improvement of movement disorder, an increased prosthetic wearing time and a higher satisfaction level of the patient. Injection of botulinum toxin type A should be considered as an alternative treatment for stump myoclonus to improve prosthetic wearing time and comfort.
Integrated Chinese and western medicine for acute guillain-barré syndrome treatment
Authors: Yang Liu , Zhao Xiumin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionGuillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a worldwide demyelinating polyradiculopathy and polyneuropathy. Currently, there is no specific drug for GBS, and established treatment is generally based on immune-modulating treatment with plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin in combination with supportive care. This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of integrated Chinese and Western medicine for acute GBS treatment.MethodsWe enrolled 73 subjects, and randomly divided them into two groups: 35 cases in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) group, and 28 in the Control group. The Control group was treated with the common Western medicine for one month; and the TCM group was administrated with one month of common treatment combined with TCM medication.ResultsCompared to the controls, TCM significantly enhanced the treatment efficiency in symptom expression, including the TCM syndrome score, the activity of daily living score, Hughes functional score and sensory dysfunction assessment. The total effective rate of the TCM group was 94.29%, significantly better than controls (78.59%). Moreover, TCM provide better improvement in motor nerve conduction functions (distal motor latency and motor conduction velocity) and sensory nerve conduction functions (sensory conduction velocity and sensory nerve action potential) in median nerve, ulnar nerve, and common fibular nerve.ConclusionWhen combined with TCM administration, the GBS treatment could acquire better outcomes.
Laboratory synthesis and characterization of Knasibfite K3Na4[SiF6]3[BF4] and the homologous Ge compound K3Na4[GeF6]3[BF4]
Authors: Bandemehr Jascha , Klippstein Josefin , Ivlev Sergei I. , Sachs Malte , Kraus Florian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Herein we present the synthesis, crystal structure, and the infrared and Raman spectra of K3Na4[SiF6]3[BF4]. The compound also occurs in nature as the mineral Knasibfite. We obtained it from the reaction of stoichiometric amounts of SiO2, Na[BF4], K2CO3, and Na2CO3 in hydrofluoric acid at room temperature. Hydrofluorothermal synthesis at 200 °C lead to a product of higher purity. Knasibfite is colorless and crystallizes in space group Im 2m with a = 5.546(2), b = 9.261(2), c = 17.184(4) Å, V = 882.5(4) Å3, Z = 2, at T = 400(2) K. At 342 K a phase transition to a monoclinic structure was observed (I 2, a = 5.5003(6), b = 9.0890(9), c = 17.0048(2) Å, β = 90.041(9)°, V = 852.2(2) Å3, Z = 2, T = 100(2) K). By replacing SiO2 with GeO2 as a starting material K3Na4[GeF6]3[BF4] was obtained. This compound also crystallizes in form of two polymorphs, both of which are isotypic to the respective ones of K3Na4[SiF6]3[BF4].
A new two-fold interpenetrating two-dimensional copper(II) coordination polymer constructed from 4,4′-bis(2-methylimidazol-1-yl)diphenyl ether
Authors: Liang Liang , Pan Chen-Dong , Wang Jun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A new Cu(II) metal-organic framework, [Cu(BMIOPE)(Br-BDC)]
n
(1) [Br-H2BDC = 5-bromo-isophthalic acid, BMIOPE = 4,4′-bis(2-methylimidazol-1-yl)diphenyl ether], has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized through IR spectroscopy, elemental and thermal analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 possesses a unique two-fold interpenetrating two-dimensional framework with sql topology. The photocatalytic property of complex 1 for oxidative degradation of methyl orange and methylene blue with hydrogen peroxide was examined under UV irradiation.
The Influence of Surface Modified Silica Nanoparticles: Properties of Epoxy Nanocomposites
Authors: Mehmood Sahid , Ali Nisar , Ali Farman , Haq Fazal , Haroon Muhammad , Fahad Shah 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The influence of the surface-modified (CCS) and un-modified (UCS) silica nanoparticles on epoxy nanocomposites were studied. Two different nanocomposites systems were synthesized using tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and 3-(triethoxysilyl) propylamine APTES as a precursor and coupling agent, respectively. In the uncoupled composite system (UCS) the silica particles were solely generated using TEOS as a precursor. The APTES was used as a coupling agent to chemically link the silica (SiO2) particles to the matrix in the coupled composite system (CCS). Both composite systems were fabricated as thin films. The SiO2 epoxy nanocomposites thin films were characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), RAMAN, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Thermal Gravimetric (TGA) analysis. RAMAN and FT-IR analysis confirmed the curing of epoxy resin and the generation of the inorganic structural network formation. SEM analysis of these nanocomposites revealed that silica particles were uniformly dispersed in the epoxy matrix. DSC analysis of the nano-composites revealed an increase in glass transition (T
g) temperature with the addition of nanofiller. TGA analysis shows enhanced thermal stability of the coupled composite system in comparison to the neat and uncoupled epoxy composite system.
Effect of Defect Size and Load on the Performance of Thermoplastic Bearings
Authors: Gaaliche Nesrine , Chithambaram Subramanian , Fathallah Raouf 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The dynamic performance of thermoplastic bearing with respect to defect size, location, applied load, and speed was investigated in this article. A fatigue test rig was developed in house to test the thermoplastic bearing. The vibration signals are measured continuously using a piezoelectric accelerometer to investigate the influence of the size and location of the defects of both polypropylene (PP) and polyoxymethylene (POM) bearings. Vibration signatures of metallic bearings are investigated and compared with thermoplastic bearings. Test results reveal that POM bearings exhibit less vibration amplitude compared to that of PP and metal. Peak vibration amplitudes of shaft harmonics and Fast Fourier Transform increase with respect to the load levels and are more pronounced in inner race defects compared to outer race defects and are found to increase with the increase in defect size. A statistical indicator kurtosis shows the sensitivity to bearing damage by analyzing the vibration signals of the thermoplastic ball bearing. Thermoplastic bearing failure under high loads reveals wear and smearing as the important failure modes.
Genome Report—A Genome Sequence Analysis of the RB51 Strain ofBrucella abortusin the Context of Its Vaccine Properties
Authors: Bricker Betsy , Goonesekere Nalin , Bayles Darrell , Alt David , Olsen Steven , Vrentas Catherine 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe RB51 vaccine strain of Brucella abortus, which confers safe and effective protection of cattle from B. abortus infection, was originally generated via serial passage of B. abortus 2308 to generate spontaneous, attenuating mutations. While some of these mutations have been previously characterized, such as an insertional mutation in the wboA gene that contributes to the rough phenotype of the strain, a comprehensive annotation of genetic differences between RB51 and B. abortus 2308 genomes has not yet been published. Here, the whole genome sequence of the RB51 vaccine strain is compared against two available 2308 parent sequences, with all observed single nucleotide polymorphisms, insertions, and deletions presented. Mutations of interest for future characterization in vaccine development, such as mutations in eipA and narJ genes in RB51, were identified. Additionally, protein homology modeling was utilized to provide in silico support for the hypothesis that the RB51 capD mutation is the second contributing mutation to the rough phenotype of RB51, likely explaining the inability of wboA-complemented strains of RB51 to revert to a smooth phenotype.
Genome-Wide Association Analyses Reveal Genomic Regions Controlling Canopy Wilting in Soybean
Authors: Steketee Clinton J , Schapaugh William T , Carter Thomas E , Li Zenglu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Drought stress causes the greatest soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield losses among the abiotic stresses in rain-fed U.S. growing areas. Because less than 10% of U.S. soybean hectares are irrigated, combating this stress requires soybean plants which possess physiological mechanisms to tolerate drought for a period of time. Phenotyping for these mechanisms is challenging, and the genetic architecture for these traits is poorly understood. A morphological trait, slow or delayed canopy wilting, has been observed in a few exotic plant introductions (PIs), and may lead to yield improvement in drought stressed fields. In this study, we visually scored wilting during stress for a panel of 162 genetically diverse maturity group VI-VIII soybean lines genotyped with the SoySNP50K iSelect BeadChip. Field evaluation of canopy wilting was conducted under rain-fed conditions at two locations (Athens, GA and Salina, KS) in 2015 and 2016. Substantial variation in canopy wilting was observed among the genotypes. Using a genome-wide association mapping approach, 45 unique SNPs that tagged 44 loci were associated with canopy wilting in at least one environment with one region identified in a single environment and data from across all environments. Several new soybean accessions were identified with canopy wilting superior to those of check genotypes. The germplasm and genomic regions identified can be used to better understand the slow canopy wilting trait and be incorporated into elite germplasm to improve drought tolerance in soybean.
Deposition of Centromeric Histone H3 Variant CENP-A/Cse4 into Chromatin Is Facilitated by Its C-Terminal Sumoylation
Authors: Ohkuni Kentaro , Suva Evelyn , Au Wei-Chun , Walker Robert L , Levy-Myers Reuben , Meltzer Paul S , Baker Richard E , Basrai Munira A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Centromeric localization of CENP-A (Cse4 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, CID in flies, CENP-A in humans) is essential for faithful chromosome segregation. Mislocalization of overexpressed CENP-A contributes to aneuploidy in yeast, flies, and humans, and is proposed to promote tumorigenesis in human cancers. Hence, defining molecular mechanisms that promote or prevent mislocalization of CENP-A is an area of active investigation. In budding yeast, evolutionarily conserved histone chaperones Scm3 and chromatin assembly factor-1 (CAF-1) promote localization of Cse4 to centromeric and noncentromeric regions, respectively. Ubiquitin ligases, such as Psh1 and Slx5, and histone chaperones (HIR complex) regulate proteolysis of overexpressed Cse4 and prevent its mislocalization to noncentromeric regions. In this study, we have identified sumoylation sites lysine (K) 215/216 in the C terminus of Cse4, and shown that sumoylation of Cse4 K215/216 facilitates its genome-wide deposition into chromatin when overexpressed. Our results showed reduced levels of sumoylation of mutant Cse4 K215/216R/A [K changed to arginine (R) or alanine (A)] and reduced interaction of mutant Cse4 K215/216R/A with Scm3 and CAF-1 when compared to wild-type Cse4. Consistent with these results, levels of Cse4 K215/216R/A in the chromatin fraction and localization to centromeric and noncentromeric regions were reduced. Furthermore, in contrast to GAL-CSE4, which exhibits Synthetic Dosage Lethality (SDL) in psh1∆, slx5∆, and hir2∆ strains, GAL-cse4 K215/216R does not exhibit SDL in these strains. Taken together, our results show that deposition of Cse4 into chromatin is facilitated by its C-terminal sumoylation.
Dinamika Dakwah Komunitas Musisi
Authors: Husnunnisa Intan Aulia , Rifa'i A Bachrun , Zuhri Nase Saepudin 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk aktivitas dakwah, proses pelaksanaan dakwah, dan tantangan dakwah Komunitas Musisi Mengaji. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang menggambarkan objek secara luas melalui pengumpulan data dari wawancara, studi kepustakaan, dan studi dokumentasi yang menitikberatkan pada Dinamika Dakwah Komunitas Musisi Mengaji. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Komunitas Musisi Mengaji melakukan aktivitas dakwahnya dengan cara yang kreatif dan inovatif tanpa menghilangkan hakikat dari Islam itu sendiri. Bentuk aktivitas dakwah Komunitas Musisi Mengaji hadir sebagai jawaban atas semua kegelisahan para musisi di Kota Bandung dan dikemas dalam program-program yang variatif. Proses pelaksanaan dakwah dilakukan secara sistematis. Tantangan yang dialami Komunitas Musisi Mengaji beragam dari internal dan eksternal, namun Komunitas Musisi Mengaji selalu menanggapi semua tantangan dengan pikiran positif.
Purposes of this research are to find out the forms of da'wah activities, the process of carrying out da'wah, and the challenges of Komunitas Musisi Mengaji’s da’wah. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method that describes objects broadly through collecting data from interviews, literature studies, and documentation studies which focus on the Dynamics of the Da'wah Komunitas Musisi Mengaji. The results of this study indicate that Komunitas Musisi Mengaji performs their missionary activities in creative and innovative ways without removing the essence of Islam itself. The form of Komunitas Musisi Mengaji’s da’wah is present as an answer to all the anxieties of musicians in Bandung city and packaged in varied programs. The process of implementing da'wah is carried out systematically. The challenges experienced by Komunitas Musisi Mengaji vary from internal and external, but they always responds to all challenges with positive mind.