bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated measurement of long-term bower behaviors in Lake Malawi cichlids using depth sensing and action recognition
Authors: Johnson Zachary V , Long Lijiang , Li Junyu , Sharma Arrojwala Manu Tej , Aljapur Vineeth , Lee Tyrone , Lowder Mark C , Gu Karen , Lancaster Tucker J , Stockert Joseph I , Moorman Jean M , Lecesne Rachel L , Streelman Jeffrey T , McGrath Patrick T 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTMeasuring naturalistic behaviors in laboratory settings is difficult, and this hinders progress in understanding decision-making in response to ecologically-relevant stimuli. In the wild, many animals manipulate their environment to create architectural constructions, which represent a type of extended phenotype affecting survival and/or reproduction, and these behaviors are excellent models of goal-directed decision-making. Here, we describe an automated system for measuring bower construction in Lake Malawi cichlid fishes, whereby males construct sand structures to attract mates through the accumulated actions of thousands of individual sand manipulation decisions over the course of many days. The system integrates two orthogonal methods, depth sensing and action recognition, to simultaneously measure the developing bower structure and classify the sand manipulation decisions through which it is constructed. We show that action recognition accurately (>85%) classifies ten sand manipulation behaviors across three different species and distinguishes between scooping and spitting events that occur during bower construction versus feeding. Registration of depth and video data streams enables topographical mapping of these behaviors onto a dynamic 3D sand surface. The hardware required for this setup is inexpensive (<$250 per setup), allowing for the simultaneous recording from many independent aquariums. We further show that bower construction behaviors are non-uniform in time, non-uniform in space, and spatially repeatable across trials. We also quantify a unique behavioral phenotype in interspecies hybrids, wherein males sequentially express both phenotypes of behaviorally-divergent parental species. Our work demonstrates that simultaneously tracking both structure and behavior provides an integrated picture of long-term goal-directed decision-making in a naturalistic, dynamic, and social environment.
Distinct organization of two cortico-cortical feedback pathways
Authors: Shen Shan , Jiang Xiaolong , Scala Federico , Fu Jiakun , Fahey Paul , Kobak Dimitry , Tan Zhenghuan , Reimer Jacob , Sinz Fabian , Tolias Andreas S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNeocortical feedback is critical for processes like attention, prediction, and learning. A mechanistic understanding of its function requires deciphering its cell-type wiring logic. Recent studies revealed a disinhibitory circuit between motor and sensory areas in mice, where feedback preferentially targets vasointestinal peptide-expressing interneurons, in addition to pyramidal cells. It is unknown whether this circuit motif is a general cortico-cortical feedback organizing principle. Combining multiple simultaneous whole-cell recordings with optogenetics we found that in contrast to this wiring rule, feedback between the hierarchically organized visual areas (lateral-medial to V1) preferentially activated somatostatin-expressing interneurons. Functionally, both feedback circuits temporally sharpened feed-forward excitation by eliciting a transient increase followed by a prolonged decrease in pyramidal firing rate under sustained feed-forward input. However, under feed-forward transient input, the motor-sensory feedback facilitated pyramidal cell bursting while visual feedback increased spike time precision. Our findings argue for multiple feedback motifs implementing different dynamic non-linear operations.
Cellular and structural basis of synthesis of the unique intermediate dehydro-F420-0 in mycobacteria
Authors: Grinter Rhys , Ney Blair , Brammananth Rajini , Barlow Christopher K. , Cordero Paul R.F. , Gillett David L. , Izoré Thierry , Cryle Max J. , Harold Liam K. , Cook Gregory M. , Taiaroa George , Williamson Deborah A. , Warden Andrew C. , Oakeshott John G. , Taylor Matthew C. , Crellin Paul K. , Jackson Colin J. , Schittenhelm Ralf B. , Coppel Ross L. , Greening Chris 
Published: February 2020

AbstractF420is a low-potential redox cofactor used by diverse bacteria and archaea. In mycobacteria, this cofactor has multiple roles, including adaptation to redox stress, cell wall biosynthesis, and activation of the clinical antitubercular prodrugs pretomanid and delamanid. A recent biochemical study proposed a revised biosynthesis pathway for F420in mycobacteria; it was suggested that phosphoenolpyruvate served as a metabolic precursor for this pathway, rather than 2-phospholactate as long proposed, but these findings were subsequently challenged. In this work, we combined metabolomic, genetic, and structural analyses to resolve these discrepancies and determine the basis of F420biosynthesis in mycobacterial cells. We show that, in whole cells ofMycobacterium smegmatis, phosphoenolpyruvate rather than 2-phospholactate stimulates F420biosynthesis. Analysis of F420biosynthesis intermediates present inM. smegmatiscells harboring genetic deletions at each step of the biosynthetic pathway confirmed that phosphoenolpyruvate is then used to produce the novel precursor compound dehydro-F420-0. To determine the structural basis of dehydro-F420-0 production, we solved high-resolution crystal structures of the enzyme responsible (FbiA) in apo, substrate, and product bound forms. These data show the essential role of a single divalent cation in coordinating the catalytic pre-complex of this enzyme and demonstrate that dehydro-F420-0 synthesis occurs through a direct substrate transfer mechanism. Together, these findings resolve the biosynthetic pathway of F420in mycobacteria and have significant implications for understanding the emergence of antitubercular prodrug resistance.
JACKIE: Fast enumeration of genomic single- and multi-copy target sites and their off-targets for CRISPR and other engineered nuclease systems
Authors: Zhu Jacqueline Jufen , Cheng Albert Wu 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTZFP-, TALE-, and CRISPR-based methods for genome, epigenome editing and imaging have provided powerful tools to interrogate functions of genomes. Targeting sequence design is vital to the success of these experiments. While existing design software mainly focus on designing target sequence for specific elements, we report here the implementation of JACKIE (Jackie and Albert’s Comprehensive K-mer Instances Enumerator), a suite of software for enumerating all single- and multi-copy sites in the genome that can be incorporated for genome-scale designs as well as loaded onto genome browsers alongside other tracks for convenient web-based graphic-user-interface (GUI)-enabled design. We also implement fast algorithms to identify sequence neighborhoods or off-target counts of targeting sequences so that designs with low probability of off-target can be identified among millions of design sequences in reasonable time. We demonstrate the application of JACKIE-designed CRISPR site clusters for genome imaging.
Mechanisms preventing Break-Induced Replication during repair of two-ended DNA double-strand breaks
Authors: Pham Nhung , Yan Zhenxin , Malkova Anna , Haber James E. , Ira Grzegorz 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDNA synthesis during homologous recombination (HR) is highly mutagenic and prone to template switches. Two-ended DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are usually repaired by gene conversion with a short patch of DNA synthesis, thus limiting the mutation load to the vicinity of the DSB. Single-ended DSBs are repaired by Break-Induced Replication (BIR) that involve extensive and mutagenic DNA synthesis spanning even hundreds of kilobases. It remains unknown how mutagenic BIR is suppressed at two-ended DSBs. Here we demonstrate that BIR is suppressed at two-ended DSBs by several proteins coordinating the usage of both DSB ends: ssDNA annealing protein Rad52 and Rad59, D-loop unwinding helicase Mph1, and DSB ends tethering Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 complex. Finally, BIR is also suppressed when a normally heterochromatic repair template is silenced by Sir2. These findings suggest several mechanisms restricting mutagenic BIR during repair of two-ended DSBs.
Promotional phrases as analogical questions: inferential fluency and persuasion
Authors: Ku Hsuan-Hsuan , Chen Mei-Ju 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
As an alternative to straight rhetorical questions, questions using analogies that invite the reader to think about the frame of reference to answer the target have been used in advertising to persuade. This paper aims to investigate consumer responses to the use of analogical questions in ads for incrementally new products and the important variables moderating those responses.

Design/methodology/approach
Four between-subjects experiments examined how product evaluations in response to analogical questions differ from non-analogical variants as a function of consumers’ persuasion awareness (Studies 1 and 2) and also tested if the effectiveness of an analogical question among potential consumers who are more aware of persuasion attempts might be enhanced only when it is proposed with a strong rather than a weak frame of reference (Study 3), and when the frame of reference and the target share underlying similarities (Study 4).

Findings
Analogical questions are more persuasive than non-analogical variants for participants who are more aware of persuasion attempts. Inferential fluency mediates the results. Furthermore, the positive impact of analogical questions for participants high in persuasion awareness is diminished when the frame of reference is weak or from a dissimilar domain. The same patterns are not evident for participants who are less aware of persuasion attempts.

Research limitations/implications
Drawing on the concepts of inferential fluency, this study offers an empirically-based view of how the analogical questions in advertising may bias the responses exhibited by individuals who demonstrate either a high or low level of persuasion awareness.

Practical implications
The inclusion of an analogy can lower consumers’ tendency to behave in a defensive manner by facilitating inferences about intended claims that are implicitly stated in a rhetorical question and achieve higher levels of persuasion.

Originality/value
This study contributes to prior study on rhetorical questions within a persuasion communication by adopting inferential fluency as an underlying mechanism for analyzing the impact of analogical questions and individual’s awareness of persuasion.
A codified executive education custom client engagement process
Authors: Haskins Mark E. , Hicks Jennifer S. , Centini Luciano 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis article describes the motivations for, and the process of, creating an executive education (EE) custom client engagement service template to foster closer, more effective working relationships between EE custom clients and service providers. The outcome of that endeavor is presented in the form of a robust, final, client engagement template along with a discussion of benefits gained from its use.Design/methodology/approachFrom a case study perspective, this paper chronicles the actual process one leading business school undertook in order to craft a robust EE custom client engagement process template. That task is linked to the key literature on EE, client service, reflective practice, and collaboration.FindingsThe EE custom client engagement process template presented was found to be robust and useful in working with custom EE clients.Practical implicationsThe EE custom client engagement process template presented is immediately and easily used by others interested in (1) a process for monitoring and improving existing custom EE client engagements, (2) guidance on building a world-class process for acquiring and serving custom EE clients, and/or (3) adapting it to other university-based service functions.Originality/valueThe specific, detailed, and comprehensive nature of the EE custom client engagement process template presented is a new addition to the literature pertaining to managing and serving custom EE client relationships.
Capacity development for innovation in the public sector
Authors: Palm Klas 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The public sector seems to have a culture and structure for control and improvement of ongoing activities but lacks the culture and structures for innovation. Thus, capacity development among public sector employees can be an important method for the development of better conditions for innovation. The purpose of this paper is to identify key factors affecting the achievement of good results when municipal and regional organisations carry out capacity development of employees with the aim of creating greater leeway for innovation in their organisation.

Design/methodology/approach
The study behind this paper has looked at four different concrete cases, which have applied essentially different methods for capacity building for innovation issues. A qualitative research method was used. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews with 39 respondents. The analysis of the information revealed in the interviews was carried out through a thematic analysis in three steps.

Findings
The study shows that action learning makes it easier for employees to turn knowledge generated through action into reality. The study also shows that it seems difficult to work from a digital communication platform if the platform is not combined with physical meetings. The study shows that committed and hands-on leadership is very important, that there is a need for strategic communication related to the capacity development effort including clarification and definition of what innovation means in the local context.

Originality/value
This paper shows a number of important aspects to consider when municipalities and regional organisations plan their capacity development initiatives in innovation. By taking these into account increases the ability of public organisations to develop and adapt their operations and deliver high quality and value-adding services to the citizens.
Assessing Brazilian electric power transmission auctions
Authors: Silva Washington Martins , Candido Osvaldo 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to assess all the Brazilian electric power transmission line auctions occurred between 1999 and 2017.Design/methodology/approachA copula-based Roy/endogenous switching regression model is used. The suitability of this model is twofold: it takes into account the selection bias problem involving auctions data and it allows more flexibility in modeling the joint distribution between the unobserved components of the selection and outcome equations; thus, normal distribution assumptions are not needed.FindingsThe main results suggest that stated-owned companies have the highest probability of winning an auction, and there is a non-competitive behavior among the players in the auction. The results also suggest some departure from joint normality in the data.Originality/valueThe copula-based sample selection approach used in this paper is consistent under non-normality and allows one to address different types of nonlinearities in the data such as asymmetry and heavy tails.
Nuclear energy promotion using collectable cards aimed at children
Authors: Aramendia-Muneta Maria Elena 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to examine how an innovative concept was introduced to a new market segment through varied marketing techniques.

Design/methodology/approach
Newspapers from 1958 were reviewed to assess the impact of a chocolate company advertising campaign targeting children. The paper examines the interpretation of the campaign message and the information contained in an album of collectable cards.

Findings
Parents leave the teaching role in the hands of companies when they do not clearly understand new technologies such as nuclear energy. Companies can take advantage of what governments introduce into the market to increase their sales.

Originality/value
The originality of the paper lies in the examination of collectable cards as a means of researching marketing history and contributes to the study of market segmentation, particularly in the case of children, focussing on nuclear energy.
The implementation of dynamic capabilities for SMEs in creating innovation
Authors: Hermawati Adya 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the adaptation process of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to volatile environment supported with learning, knowledge and innovation.Design/methodology/approachThis study used an inductive approach to analyse qualitative data obtained from an SME operating in the international market. Various data collection methods, including interview, focus group discussion and observation, were used to allow the researchers to undertake triangulation.FindingsThis study demonstrates that managers should be eager to adjust their innovation to a changing environment and continually update pre-determined plans. Learning is an ongoing process required for innovation, requiring up-to-date support from knowledge produced via learning. For this reason, learning is required in all dynamic capability processes.Originality/valueThis study offers insight to relatively empirical evidence on how firms respond and adjust to volatile environments using an integrative perspective covering learning, knowledge and innovation. In addition, this offers insight regarding how knowledge can be developed based on learning from the environment and converted into innovation through dynamic capabilities.
Effects of managerial coaching on critical reflection: mediating role of learning goal orientation
Authors: Matsuo Makoto , Arai Kohei , Matsuo Takami 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the direct and indirect effects of managerial coaching on critical reflection mediated through learning goal orientation.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted a questionnaire survey of 169 employees in 53 teams at an IT firm in Japan. The data were examined using multi-level analyses.

Findings
Managerial coaching has a direct positive effect on critical reflection, and the relationship is mediated by learning goal orientation.

Research limitations/implications
The characteristics of the sample may limit the generalization of the findings. Future research should verify the model in other industries and countries.

Practical implications
The organizations should note that managerial coaching is useful not only for facilitating employees’ problem-solving but also for enhancing their critical reflection. It should also be noted that employees can reflect critically on their beliefs and work routines when they have learning goals.

Originality/value
Although few quantitative studies have investigated the determinants of critical reflection, the present research reveals the overlooked functions of managerial coaching in promoting employees’ learning.
Recruitment and retention strategies of LIS students and professionals from underrepresented groups in the United States
Authors: Harper Lindsey M. 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe American Library Association has worked for decades to increase its diversity of individuals from underrepresented groups; however, existing diversity programs in the United States yield just enough new library and information science professionals to replace those retiring or leaving the profession prematurely.Design/methodology/approachThis paper involved performing a review of the literature to assess recruitment and retention strategies of individuals from underrepresented groups within the LIS profession.FindingsThis article examines the problems with existing diversity initiatives within the profession and suggests how the field can recruit both students and employees from underrepresented groups. This article offers new ways to recruit students and employees (e.g. how to create job postings and interview questions) and speaks about strategies for retaining LIS students and employees from underrepresented groups (e.g. formal and informal mentoring networks). Finally, this article offers some suggestions to create a more inclusive environment for LIS students and professionals alike.Originality/valueThis paper offers practical suggestions to increase representation of individuals from underrepresented groups that LIS programs and libraries alike can implement. Suggestions for how to create an inclusive work environment are also presented.
Exploring product–service systems in the digital era: a socio-technical systems perspective
Authors: Li Ai Qiang , Rich Nicholas , Found Pauline , Kumar Maneesh , Brown Steve 
Published: February 2020

PurposeIn the age of Industry 4.0, digital advancement is reshaping manufacturing models towards product–service systems (PSS). The drivers, readiness and challenges to move to a PSS model are not well understood, and the exploitation of the digital era presents the gap of this research.Design/methodology/approachThe research was conducted using semi-structured interviews in six manufacturers. Two forum debates were also conducted to supplement and validate the findings.FindingsSocial and economic motivations rather than environmental considerations were driving the change to PSS. Digital technologies could be an important driver if manufacturers reached a certain PSS maturity level. A high level of technical readiness was offset by a low level of social investments and the strategic development of human resources. Value co-creation was a main challenge though manufacturers had the advantage of digital connectivity, which indicated new human requirements; the greater the enabling power of digital technologies, the greater the need for advanced human skills.Practical implicationsHuman resource management has underpinned lean models; yet, the role of employees within PSS is underdeveloped despite the impact of staff in exploiting digitalisation and value co-creation. A “learning organisation” and socio-technical fit are required for the “diffusion of innovation” of PSS.Originality/valueThis research attempted to explore drivers, readiness and challenges for PSS from a socio-technical systems (STS) perspective. Three levels of PSS maturity with STS features were derived from the research, providing guidance for manufacturers.