bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A methodological framework for futures studies: integrating normative backcasting approaches and descriptive case study design for strategic data-driven smart sustainable city planning
Authors: Bibri Simon Elias 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOriginally proposed as an alternative to traditional energy planning methodology in the 1970s, backcasting is increasingly applied in futures studies related to sustainability, as it is viewed as a natural step in operationalizing sustainable development. This futures study is concerned with data-driven smart sustainable urbanism as an instance of sustainable urban development—a strategic approach to achieving the long-term goals of urban sustainability. This is at the core of backcasting, which typically defines criteria for a desirable (sustainable) future and builds a set of feasible and logical pathways between the state of the future and the present. This paper reviews, discusses, and justifies the methodological framework applied in the futures study. This aims to analyze, investigate, and develop a novel model for data-driven smart sustainable cities of the future as a form of transformative change towards sustainability. This paper corroborates that the backcasting approach—as applied in the futures study—is well-suited for long-term urban problems and sustainability solutions due to its normative, goal-oriented, and problem-solving character. It also suggests that case study research is the most effective way to underpin and increase the feasibility of future visions. Indeed, the case study approach as a research strategy facilitates the investigation and understanding of the underlying principles in the real-world phenomena involved in the construction of the future vision in the backcasting study. The novelty of this work lies in the integration of a set of principles underlying several normative backcasting approaches with descriptive case study design to devise a framework for strategic urban planning whose core objective is clarifying which city model is desired and working towards that goal. Visionary images of a long-term future based on normative backcasting can spur innovative thinking about and accelerate the movement towards sustainability. The proposed framework serves to help researchers in analyzing, investigating, and developing future models of sustainable urbanism, smart urbanism, and smart sustainable urbanism, as well as to support policymakers and facilitate and guide their actions with respect to transformative changes towards sustainability based on empirical research.
Accounting and the US cannabis industry: federal financial regulations and the perspectives of Certified Public Accountants and cannabis businesses owners
Authors: Owens-Ott G. Suzanne 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Cannabis-related businesses (CRBs), in states where cannabis is legal, may be unable to obtain professional financial services including banking, insurance, and accounting because of federal laws and regulations. This qualitative study investigated the following research questions.

Why are some Certified Public Accountants unwilling to provide services to cannabis-related businesses?

How do CRBs compensate for lack of Certified Public Accountant services?

What does a certified public accountant need to know about the cannabis industry prior to engaging to provide services to CRBs?

Methods
Data for this grounded-theory qualitative study was gathered from twenty-three semi-structured phone and face-to-face interviews. Ten cannabis-related business owners were recruited from a convenience sample after attempting a broad recruiting effort. Thirteen Certified Public Accountants with active licenses in Colorado or Washington State participated from firms of varying size and willingness to serve the cannabis industry. The individual interviews, which lasted from twenty minutes to more than an hour, focused on the participants’ perceptions of the complexities of accounting and tax compliance for cannabis businesses.

Results
Eight of the thirteen Certified Public Accountants interviewed would not provide services to the cannabis industry with the primary reason given that cannabis is federally illegal. All ten of the cannabis business owners interviewed indicated they engage a Certified Public Accountant to provide tax services. Seven out of ten CRB participants and ten of the thirteen Certified Public Accountant participants indicated that extensive industry knowledge is needed for an accountant to competently provide services to a CRB.

Conclusions
CRB owners need to carefully consider the industry knowledge and experience of a potential Certified Public Accountant prior to engaging them. This study shows that US Certified Public Accountants should weigh the risk of federal prosecution and potential loss of the Certified Public Accountant license when deciding whether to serve a CRB client. The study also found that a Certified Public Accountant must commit to acquiring and maintaining substantial specialized knowledge related to tax Code Section 280E, internal controls for a cash-only or cash-intensive business, and the workings of the cannabis industry under the current regulatory conditions.
The accuracy of femoral component rotational measurements using computed tomography—a cadaveric study
Authors: Eseonu Onyedikachi , Cree Calum , Sambrook Martin , Blyth Mark , Jones Bryn 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
CT scans can be used to assess the rotational alignment of the femoral component following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This is done by calculating the posterior condylar angle (PCA).
However, the methods used may not account for the biomechanical functionality of the TKA components. This cadaveric study aimed to determine whether the axis of scanning (mechanical or anatomical) alters the results of PCA calculations.

Methods
CT scans of 12 cadaveric adult femora were performed along the anatomical axis and the mechanical axis. The PCA was determined on each CT scan by measuring the relationship of the prosthetic posterior condyles to the surgical epicondylar axis of the femur. The mechanical and anatomical axis groups were further subdivided into best-fit and multi-slice subgroups. As a control, the posterior condylar angle was also calculated on photographic images of each femur. Bland-Altman plots were used to determine the correlation between the PCA values obtained from the different scanning axes and measurement techniques.

Results
There was no significant difference between the PCA measurements derived from anatomical and mechanical axis CT scans. The Pearson correlation co-efficient also indicated good correlation between the two scanning axes.

Conclusion
The axis of scanning does not significantly affect the PCA measurements. Therefore, the measurements may be reliably used for clinical decision-making, regardless of the axis of CT scanning.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder presenting as chronic dysphagia—a case report
Authors: Sultan Sadia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Medically unexplained oropharyngeal dysphagia (MUNOD) is a rare condition. It presents without demonstrable abnormalities in the anatomy of the upper aero-digestive tract or swallowing physiology. The aim of this case report is to discuss the unique presentation of OCD as chronic dysphagia.

Case presentation
A 65-year-old woman was admitted with dysphagia and weight loss in surgical department with history of undergoing repeated upper GI endoscopies and laryngoscopies. The patient was finally diagnosed to be suffering from chronic obsessive-compulsive disorder with poor insight and comorbid depression after 3 years of suffering and moving from hospital to hospital. The atypical presentation and poor insight were the major reasons for diagnostic difficulty in this particular case. The patient was given 60 mg fluoxetine and 2 mg risperidone which improved the patient’s symptoms by 40%.

Conclusion
This case explains the possibility of obsessive-compulsive disorder in patients presenting with unexplained somatic symptoms. It also demonstrated the importance of a timely psychiatric diagnosis and treatment and highlights the importance about awareness of psychiatric illness in doctor community which can reduce patient suffering and unnecessary invasive procedures.
State of Physician and Pharmacist Oncology Workforce in the United States in 2019
Authors: Shih Ya-Chen Tina , Kim Bumyang , Halpern Michael T. 
Published: December 2020

PURPOSE: To examine the geographic distribution of physician and pharmacist workforce specialized in oncology in the United States. METHODS: Using the National Provider Identifier data, we identified two types of oncology workforce via the healthcare provider taxonomy codes. Oncologists were physicians self-identified as providing oncologic care to patients. Oncology pharmacists were pharmacists with an oncology subspecialty. We calculated the geographic density of physician and pharmacist oncology workforce and used county-level cancer crude rates to quantify the demand for oncology workforce. We used spatial data to plot the density of oncology workforces relative to county-level cancer rates and compared the county-level density of oncologists and oncology pharmacists. RESULTS: Of the 30,553 members of the oncology workforce in 2019, 28,681 were oncologists and 1,090 were oncology pharmacists. The mean county-level density of oncologists was 2.94 (SD = 7.32) per 100,000 persons. Sixty-four percent of counties had no oncologists with primary practice location in that county and 12% had no oncologists in the local and adjacent counties. Counties in the top quartile of cancer rates had the highest percentage without any oncologists with primary practice location in the county (75%) and with no oncologists in the local as well as adjacent counties (16%). CONCLUSION: Geographically mismatched demand and supply characterized the current oncology workforce. Wide discrepancies in the supply of oncologists across geographic regions highlight the importance of developing core competencies for health professions not specialized in oncology to deliver quality cancer care in areas with unmet need for oncology care.
Evaluation of possible biological control of Fusarium sp. using plant extracts and antagonistic species of microbes in vitro
Authors: Hasan Mohammed Faruk , Islam Mohammed Asadul , Sikdar Biswanath 
Published: December 2020

Background: Fusarium species is one of the most devastating fungi responsible for fruit and vegetable crops rot worldwide. The present study was designed to find an ecofriendly control measure for pathogenic Fusarium species, using suitable bioagents. Methods: Medicinal plant extracts were evaluated or their antifungal activities against Fusarium species using the poisoned food method. Antagonistic potency of some nonpathogenic microbes was also assessed on Fusarium species using the dual culture method. Results: Highest inhibition of growth of Fusarium sp. was observed with 68.1% (0.389 mg per 90 mm Petri plate) of mycelia on Coccinia grandis plant leaf extract, in comparison to the control grown with 100.0% (1.22 mg/dish). The highest inhibition of radial growth was observed using Trichoderma viride on Fusarium sp. (46.01% inhibition). Conclusions: The findings of present study would be benevolent for antifungal drug development to control Fusarium sp. causing fruit and vegetable rot.
Benchmark assessment of molecular geometries and energies from small molecule force fields
Authors: Lim Victoria T. , Hahn David F. , Tresadern Gary , Bayly Christopher I. , Mobley David L. 
Published: December 2020

Background: Force fields are used in a wide variety of contexts for classical molecular simulation, including studies on protein-ligand binding, membrane permeation, and thermophysical property prediction. The quality of these studies relies on the quality of the force fields used to represent the systems. Methods: Focusing on small molecules of fewer than 50 heavy atoms, our aim in this work is to compare nine force fields: GAFF, GAFF2, MMFF94, MMFF94S, OPLS3e, SMIRNOFF99Frosst, and the Open Force Field Parsley, versions 1.0, 1.1, and 1.2. On a dataset comprising 22,675 molecular structures of 3,271 molecules, we analyzed force field-optimized geometries and conformer energies compared to reference quantum mechanical (QM) data. Results: We show that while OPLS3e performs best, the latest Open Force Field Parsley release is approaching a comparable level of accuracy in reproducing QM geometries and energetics for this set of molecules. Meanwhile, the performance of established force fields such as MMFF94S and GAFF2 is generally somewhat worse. We also find that the series of recent Open Force Field versions provide significant increases in accuracy. Conclusions: This study provides an extensive test of the performance of different molecular mechanics force fields on a diverse molecule set, and highlights two (OPLS3e and OpenFF 1.2) that perform better than the others tested on the present comparison. Our molecule set and results are available for other researchers to use in testing.
isa4j: a scalable Java library for creating ISA-Tab metadata
Authors: Psaroudakis Dennis , Liu Feng , König Patrick , Scholz Uwe , Junker Astrid , Lange Matthias , Arend Daniel 
Published: December 2020

Experimental data is only useful to other researchers if it is findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR). The ISA-Tab framework enables scientists to publish metadata about their experiments in a plain text, machine-readable format that aims to confer that interoperability and reusability. A Python software package (isatools) is currently being developed to programmatically produce these metadata files. For Java-based environments, there is no equivalent solution yet. While the isatools package provides a lot of flexibility and a wealth of different features for the Python ecosystem, a package for JVM-based applications might offer the speed and scalability needed for writing very large ISA-Tab files, making the ISA framework available in an even wider range of situations and environments. Here we present a light-weight and scalable Java library (isa4j) for generating metadata files in the ISA-Tab format, which elegantly integrates into existing JVM applications and especially shines at generating very large files. It is modeled after the ISA core specifications and designed in keeping with isatools conventions, making it consistent and intuitive to use for the community. isa4j is implemented in Java (JDK11+) and freely available under the terms of the MIT license from the Central Maven Repository (https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/de.ipk-gatersleben/isa4j). The source code, detailed documentation, usage examples and performance evaluations can be found at https://github.com/IPK-BIT/isa4j.
In silico prediction of structure and function for a large family of transmembrane proteins that includes human Tmem41b
Authors: Mesdaghi Shahram , Murphy David L. , Sánchez Rodríguez Filomeno , Burgos-Mármol J. Javier , Rigden Daniel J. 
Published: December 2020

Background:Recent strides in computational structural biology have opened up an opportunity to understand previously uncharacterised proteins. The under-representation of transmembrane proteins in the Protein Data Bank highlights the need to apply new and advanced bioinformatics methods to shed light on their structure and function. This study focuses on a family of transmembrane proteins containing the Pfam domain PF09335 ('SNARE_ASSOC'/ ‘VTT ‘/’Tvp38’). One prominent member, Tmem41b, has been shown to be involved in early stages of autophagosome formation and is vital in mouse embryonic development as well as being identified as a viral host factor of SARS-CoV-2.Methods:We used evolutionary covariance-derived information to construct and validateab initiomodels, make domain boundary predictions and infer local structural features. Results:The results from the structural bioinformatics analysis of Tmem41b and its homologues showed that they contain a tandem repeat that is clearly visible in evolutionary covariance data but much less so by sequence analysis. Furthermore, cross-referencing of other prediction data with covariance analysis showed that the internal repeat features two-fold rotational symmetry. Ab initiomodelling of Tmem41b and homologues reinforces these structural predictions. Local structural features predicted to be present in Tmem41b were also present in Cl-/H+antiporters. Conclusions:The results of this study strongly point to Tmem41b and its homologues being transporters for an as-yet uncharacterised substrate and possibly using H+antiporter activity as its mechanism for transport.
COVID-19 IDD: A global survey exploring family members’ and paid staff’s perceptions of the impact of COVID-19 on individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities and their caregivers.
Authors: Linehan Christine , Araten-Bergam Tal , Baumbusch Jennifer , Beadle-Brown Julie , Bigby Christine , Birkbeck Gail , Bradley Valerie , Brown Michael , Bredewold Femmianne , Chirwa Masauso , Cui Jialiang , Godoy Gimenez Marta , Gomiero Tiziano , Kanova Sarka , Kroll Thilo , MacLachlan Mac , Mirfin-Veitch Brigit , Narayan Jayanthi , Nearchou Finiki , Nolan Adam , O'Donovan Mary-Ann , Santos Flavia H. , Siska Jan , Stainton Tim , Tideman Magnus , Tossebro Jan 
Published: December 2020

Background: This protocol outlines research to explore family members’ and paid staff’s perceptions of the impact of COVID-19 on individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities and their caregivers. Evidence suggests that people with intellectual and developmental disabilities experience disparities in healthcare access and utilisation. This disparity was evident early in the pandemic when discussions arose regarding the potential exclusion of this population to critical care. Methods: An anonymous online survey will be conducted with caregivers, both family members and paid staff, to explore their perceptions of the impact of COVID-19 in terms of demographics, living arrangements, access to services, social distancing, and carer wellbeing. The survey will be developed by the research team, many of whom are experts in intellectual disability within their own jurisdictions. Using back-translation our team will translate the survey for distribution in 18 countries worldwide for international comparison. The survey team have extensive personal and professional networks and will promote the survey widely on social media with the support of local disability and advocacy agencies. Statistical descriptive and comparative analyses will be conducted. Ethical approval has been obtained for this study from University College Dublin’s Human Research Ethics Committee (HS-20-28-Linehan). Dissemination: Study findings will be prepared in a number of formats in order to meet the needs of different audiences. Outputs will include academic papers, lessons learned paper, practice guidelines, reports, infographics and video content. These outputs will be directed to families, frontline and management delivering disability services, national-level policy makers, healthcare quality and delivery authorities, national pandemic organisations and international bodies.
Initial Coin Offerings, Speculation, and Asset Tokenization
Authors: Gan Jingxing (Rowena) , Tsoukalas Gerry , Netessine Serguei 
Published: December 2020

Initial coin offerings (ICOs) are an emerging form of fundraising for blockchain-based startups. We examine how ICOs can be leveraged in the context of asset tokenization, whereby firms issue tokens backed by future assets (i.e., inventory) to finance growth. We (i) make suggestions on how to design such “asset-backed” ICOs—including optimal token floating and pricing for both utility and equity tokens (a.k.a. security token offerings)—taking into account moral hazard (cash diversion), product characteristics, and customer demand uncertainty; (ii) make predictions on ICO success/failure; and (iii) discuss implications on firm operating strategy. We show that in unregulated environments, ICOs can lead to significant agency costs, underproduction, and loss of firm value. These inefficiencies, however, fade as product margins and demand characteristics (mean/variance) improve, and they are less severe under equity (rather than utility) token issuance. Importantly, the advantage of equity tokens stems from their inherent ability to better align incentives and thus continues to hold even absent regulation. This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.
How the COVID-19 pandemic is affecting paediatric orthopaedic practice in Turkey
Authors: Birsel Sema Ertan , Sarıkaya İlker Abdullah , Şeker Ali , Erdal Ozan Ali , Görgün Barış , İnan Muharrem 
Published: December 2020

Purpose Changes to routine clinical approaches during the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are necessary to decrease the risk of infection in patients and healthcare providers. Because the treatment of many conditions is time sensitive, it is crucial to modify the management of paediatric orthopaedic cases by minimizing any subsequent morbidity. Our purpose was to describe the different measures and management strategies that have been applied by paediatric orthopaedic surgeons and to show how paediatric orthopaedic practice is affected in Turkey. Methods All active practicing members of the Turkish Society of Children's Orthopedic Surgery (TSCOS) were contacted via telephone and asked to fill out a survey (24 questions). For participants, either an email or web link was sent to their mobile phones. An online survey generator was used. Results A total of 54 survey responses were collected, for a response rate of 55%. In all, 62% reported a 75% decrease in their outpatient frequency, whilst 75% reported a 75% decrease in their surgery frequency. A total of 86% of the performed surgeries were emergency cases. None of the participants performed elective surgeries, and 61% did not have the consent form specific to COVID. Choice of protective measures have changed considerably; 96% stated that they needed an algorithm to follow for situations such as pandemic. Conclusion This national survey revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a detrimental effect on paediatric orthopaedic practice and practitioner response varies in terms of reactions and precautions. The necessity of creating a protocol based on what we have learned must be taken into consideration. Level of evidence V
Grandiose narcissism and performance in organizations: mediating role of subjective wellbeing
Authors: Sakkar Sudha Kiran , Shahnawaz M. Ghazi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNarcissism is imbued with emotional dynamism and there is a strong need to assess the linkages with outcomes by analyzing their fusion. The present study examined the relationship between grandiose narcissism and performance through analyzing the mediating role of subjective wellbeing (positive affect, negative affect and life satisfaction). The wholesome assessment of performance was done by considering task performance, team-work and cognitive motivational effectiveness among 293 senior-level Indian employees of a big public sector organization. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 22 and Smart PLS 2.0. The correlation results showed that grandiose narcissism was negatively related to performance, life satisfaction and positively related to negative affect. The indirect pathways (through mediation analyses) revealed that negative affect and life satisfaction mediated the relationship between grandiose narcissism and performance. The study effectively contributes to the narcissism and performance literature by presenting clearer pathways of grandiose narcissism (through self-regulated emotions and subjective wellbeing). Practical implications were
also highlighted beside the theoretical concerns.