bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanistic insight into the effect of BT‐benzo‐29 on the Z‐ring in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Kunal Kishore , Tiwari Rishu , Dhaked Hemendra P. S. , Surolia Avadhesha , Panda Dulal 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe assembly and disassembly of FtsZ play an essential role in bacterial cell division. Using single‐cell imaging, we report that short exposure to BT‐benzo‐29 inhibits Z‐ring formation in live Bacillus subtilis cells. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching of the Z‐ring in live bacteria demonstrated that BT‐benzo‐29 strongly suppressed the assembly dynamics of FtsZ in the Z‐ring. Furthermore, B. subtilis cells expressing V275A‐FtsZ resisted the antibacterial activity of BT‐benzo‐29 providing evidence that BT‐benzo‐29 inhibits bacterial proliferation by targeting FtsZ. In addition, a brief (8 min) exposure of BT‐benzo‐29 destroyed the Z‐ring without perturbing the localization of a late cell division protein, DivIVA, the nucleoid segregation, and membrane permeability. BT‐benzo‐29, when used in combination with vancomycin and polymyxin B (PMB), produced a much stronger inhibitory effect on Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli cells, respectively. The combination index of BT‐benzo‐29 with vancomycin and PMB was determined to be <1, suggesting that BT‐benzo‐29 exhibits synergistic inhibitory effects on bacterial proliferation when used along with these antibiotics.
Long noncoding RNA expression profiles during the NEL‐like 1 protein–induced osteogenic differentiation
Authors: Xia Kai , Cen Xiao , Yu Liyuan , Huang Xinqi , Sun Wentian , Zhao Zhihe , Liu Jun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important modulators of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in cellular differentiation. However, the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in NEL‐like 1 (NELL‐1)‐induced osteogenic differentiation of human adipose–derived stem cells remain elusive. Expression profiles of lncRNAs and messenger RNAs during NELL‐1‐induced osteogenesis were obtained using high‐throughput sequencing. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, and gene coexpression networks were performed. We identified 323 statistically differentially expressed lncRNAs during osteogenesis and NELL‐1‐induced osteogenesis, and three lncRNAs (ENST00000602964, ENST00000326734, and TCONS_00006792) were identified as core regulators. Hedgehog pathway markers, including IHH and GLI1, were downregulated, while the antagonists of this pathway (GLI3 and HHIP) were upregulated during NELL‐1‐induced osteogenesis. In this process, the antagonist of Wnt, SFRP1, was downregulated. According to the analysis, we speculated that lncRNAs played important roles in NELL‐1‐induced osteogenesis via the crosstalk between Hedgehog and Wnt pathways.
Frizzled‐4 is required for normal bone acquisition despite compensation by Frizzled‐8
Authors: Kushwaha Priyanka , Kim Soohyun , Foxa Gabrielle E. , Michalski Megan N. , Williams Bart O. , Tomlinson Ryan E. , Riddle Ryan C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway is critical for skeletal development but surprisingly little is known about the requirements for the specific frizzled (Fzd) receptors that recognize Wnt ligands. To define the contributions of individual Fzd proteins to osteoblast function, we profiled the expression of all 10 mammalian receptors during calvarial osteoblast differentiation. Expression of Fzd4 was highly upregulated during in vitro differentiation and therefore targeted for further study. Mice lacking Fzd4 in mature osteoblasts had normal cortical bone structure but reduced cortical tissue mineral density and also exhibited an impairment in the femoral trabecular bone acquisition that was secondary to a defect in the mineralization process. Consistent with this observation, matrix mineralization, markers of osteoblastic differentiation, and the ability of Wnt3a to stimulate the accumulation of β‐catenin were reduced in cultures of calvarial osteoblasts deficient for Fzd4. Interestingly, Fzd4‐deficient osteoblasts exhibited an increase in the expression of Fzd8 both in vitro and in vivo, which suggests that the two receptors may exhibit overlapping functions. Indeed, ablating a single Fzd8 allele in osteoblast‐specific Fzd4 mutants produced a more severe effect on bone acquisition. Taken together, our data indicate that Fzd4 is required for normal bone development and mineralization despite compensation from Fzd8.
microRNA‐184 is induced by store‐operated calcium entry and regulates early keratinocyte differentiation
Authors: Richardson Adam , Powell Andrew K. , Sexton Darren W. , Parsons Jason L. , Reynolds Nick J. , Ross Kehinde 
Published: January 2020

AbstractExtracellular calcium (Ca2+) and store‐operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) govern homoeostasis in the mammalian epidermis. Multiple microRNAs (miRNA) also regulate epidermal differentiation, and raised external Ca2+ modulates the expression of several such miRNAs in keratinocytes. However, little is known about the regulation of miR‐184 in keratinocytes or the roles of miR‐184 in keratinocyte differentiation. Here we report that exogenous Ca2+ stimulates miR‐184 expression in primary epidermal keratinocytes and that this occurs in a SOCE‐dependent manner. Levels of miR‐184 were raised by about 30‐fold after exposure to 1.5 mM Ca2+ for 5 days. In contrast, neither phorbol ester nor 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 had any effect on miR‐184 levels. Pharmacologic and genetic inhibitors of SOCE abrogated Ca2+‐dependent miR‐184 induction by 70% or more. Ectopic miR‐184 inhibited keratinocyte proliferation and led to a fourfold increase in the expression of involucrin, a marker of early keratinocyte differentiation. Exogenous miR‐184 also triggered a threefold rise in levels of cyclin E and doubled the levels of γH2AX, a marker of DNA double‐strand breaks. The p21 cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor, which supports keratinocyte growth arrest, was also induced by miR‐184. Together our findings point to an SOCE:miR‐184 pathway that targets a cyclin E/DNA damage regulatory node to facilitate keratinocyte differentiation.
Constructing 1D/2D BiOI/ZnWO4p‐n heterojunction photocatalyst with enhanced photocatalytic removal of NO
Authors: Gong Siwen , Zhu Gangqiang , Bello Isaac Asusheyi , Rao Fei , Li Shiping , Gao Jianzhi , Zubairu Siyaka Mj , Peng Jianhong , Hojamberdiev Mirabbos 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhotocatalysis technology based on green renewable solar energy has broad prospects in environmental protection and new energy utilization. The energy of the light can be utilized to convert the pollutants in the environment into non‐toxic substances even available products. Due to its low cost and environmental protection, photocatalysis technology has been further developed in the fields of water splitting, sewage treatment and nitrogen oxides (NO
x) removal.RESULTSIn this study, zinc tungstate (ZnWO4) nanorods loaded on bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) nanosheets with exposed {001} facet forming a 1D/2D BiOI/ZnWO4 p‐n heterojunction photocatalysts were synthesized and their photocatalytic activities for nitric oxide (NO) removal were investigated. The 20% BOI/ZWO composite exhibited the most excellent photocatalytic NO removal performance, which were 32.32% and 48.24% under visible light and simulated sunlight irradiation, respectively.CONCLUSIONA novel 1D/2D BiOI/ZnWO4 p‐n heterojunction was successfully synthesized by a two‐step procedure. Compared to the pure ZnWO4 and BiOI, the 20% BOI/ZWO composite has a significant increase in photocatalytic activity which is attributed to the enhanced visible light absorption and the improved separation of charge carriers. Trapping experiments and electron spin resonance results indicate that the hole (h
+), super oxygen radical (·O2−) and hydroxyl radical (·OH) play minor roles, while the electron (e
−) has a major contribution to the NO removal process. Therefore, the BiOI/ZnWO4 p‐n heterojunction is a promising material for NO removal. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
CAUTIONING AGAINST THE CO‐OPTATION OF INTERSECTIONALITY IN GENDER MAINSTREAMING
Authors: Hunting Gemma , Hankivsky Olena 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTGender mainstreaming (GM) is an international strategy to advance gender equality. Recently, there has been a shift within GM—recognition that gender interacts with other forms of inequity. There is thus growing attention to intersectionality and how it can complement GM. Although advancing understandings of gender is critical, there is a need for caution. Using examples of international organizations, we argue that intersectionality cannot be an ‘add‐on’ to such efforts, as it does not prioritize gender over other factors. We show how an intersectionality approach necessitates attention to multiple factors to address the complexities of inequity. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Right and left ventricular interactions, strain, and remodeling in repaired pulmonary stenosis patients with preserved right ventricular ejection fraction: A cardiac magnetic resonance study
Authors: Wang Shi‐yu , OuYang Rong‐zhen , Hu Li‐wei , Xie Wei‐hui , Peng Ya‐feng , Wang Lei , Gao Fa‐bao , Zhong Yu‐min 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundRight ventricular dilation and dysfunction is a common long‐term complication in patients with repaired pulmonary stenosis (rPS). Additionally, abnormal right and left ventricular interactions have been reported in right‐sided heart defect after intervention, including in pulmonary stenosis.PurposeTo analyze ventricular strain, remodeling, and left and right ventricular interactions in rPS patients with preserved right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) compared with healthy children using cardiac magnetic resonance.Study TypeA cross‐sectional study.PopulationIn all, 34 rPS patients and 10 healthy children volunteers (controls).Field Strength/Sequence3.0T/2D balanced steady‐state free precession (2D b‐SSFP) cine, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), and 2D phase contrast (2D‐PC).AssessmentPulmonary regurgitation (PR) fractions of the main pulmonary artery, biventricular volumes, masses, function, and cardiac strain.Statistical TestsMann–Whitney U‐test, t‐test, Pearson correlation coefficients, Spearman's correlation coefficients, and intraclass correlation coefficients analysis were performed.ResultsFor group analysis, the right ventricular (RV) global circumferential strain and radial strain were significantly increased in patients when compared with controls (−13.57 ± 2.69 vs. −5.91 ± 3.16, P < 0.001; 25.31 ± 8.12 vs. 9.87 ± 5.32, P < 0.001, respectively). The fraction of PR displayed moderate correlation with right ventricular end‐diastolic volume index (RVEDVi) (r = 0.452, P = 0.022). RVEDVi and mass index were larger in patients vs. control (104.92 ± 27.46 vs. 85.15 ± 11.98, P = 0.016; 18.28 ± 4.95g/m2 vs. 11.67 ± 2.14 g/m2, P < 0.001, respectively). Patients presented with preserved left ventricular ejection function, but was lower than healthy controls (60.89% ± 4.89% vs. 65.95% ± 4.56%, P = 0.006). Regional circumferential strain of segment 3 of left ventricle (LV) were significantly decreased in patients (−7.79 ± 6.52 vs. −13.56 ± 3.22, P = 0.003).Data ConclusionCompensated increased RV strain, myocardial remodeling of RV, and adverse right and left ventricular interactions occur in rPS patients with preserved RVEF. The decreased interventricular septum strain may lead to impaired LV function due to RV dilation as a result of PR.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy Stage: 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:129–138.
Paradoxical Elevation of Both Serum B12 and Methylmalonic Acid Levels in Assessing B12 Status in Children With Short‐Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Davis Esther T. , Strogach Irina , Carobene Macy , Shaul Eliana , Thompson John 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMeasurement of vitamin B12 (B12) levels is routinely used to monitor B12 sufficiency. However, its accuracy may not be reliable in patients with short‐bowel syndrome (SBS). The presence of elevated methylmalonic acid (MMA) levels can also be used as a marker for B12 deficiency. Therefore, our aim was to analyze serum B12 and MMA levels simultaneously in a cohort of children with SBS to evaluate the accuracy of these markers in the assessment of B12 status.MethodsChildren ages 1–18 with intestinal failure were eligible for enrollment. MMA and B12 levels were checked simultaneously in all patients, with 93 sets of labs obtained over 2 years. Fifty percent of the patients were receiving parenteral nutrition. B12 injections were administered to 14 patients who had simultaneously elevated MMA and B12, and a repeat MMA level was measured 4–6 weeks after injection. Data were collected retrospectively.ResultsForty‐eight percent of the lab pairs showed evidence of both elevated MMA and high or normal B12, which contradicted the expected inverse relationship of these markers. There was a statistically significant decrease in mean MMA values after treatment with B12 injections (412.7 vs 1037.5, P = 0.001).ConclusionParadoxical elevation of MMA with normal or elevated serum B12 is common in children with SBS. Caution should be used when interpreting serum B12 and MMA values in this setting. This may be related to effects of small‐bowel bacterial overgrowth, a condition commonly seen in these patients.
Identifying Predictors of Response to Vitamin E for the Treatment of Pediatric Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Yodoshi Toshifumi , Orkin Sarah , Arce‐Clachar Ana Catalina , Bramlage Kristin , Su Weizhe , Fei Lin , Xanthakos Stavra A. , Mouzaki Marialena 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundA subset of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) respond to treatment with vitamin E. The characteristics of responders are not known. The objective of this study was to investigate the outcomes of vitamin E use in clinical practice and to determine factors associated with response to treatment.MethodsA pediatric cohort with NASH treated with vitamin E for 6–24 months was studied retrospectively. Vitamin E response was defined as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization or >50% ALT reduction from baseline. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of response to vitamin E. Available paired liver biopsy data were analyzed to determine histologic response.ResultsOf the 151 children prescribed vitamin E, 73 met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Of those, 28 (38%) were vitamin E responders. Higher baseline serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, steatosis grade, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Activity Score (NAS) were associated with response to vitamin E (ALP: odds ratio [OR], 14.1; 95% CI, 1.7–118.6; steatosis: OR 2.5; 95% CI, 1.2–5.0; NAS: OR 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1–2.4). In a multivariate logistic regression model, ALP and steatosis grade rendered an area under the curve of 0.75 (P < .001) for the prediction of response to treatment. Ballooning, NAS, and portal inflammation improved significantly with vitamin E in the subcohort (n = 15) with paired liver biopsies.ConclusionsVitamin E treatment was associated with significant ALT response in 38% of children. Baseline serum ALP levels and steatosis grade were associated with response to treatment.
Validity of a self‐reported questionnaire for periodontitis in a Spanish population
Authors: Saka‐Herrán Constanza , Jané‐Salas Enric , González‐Navarro Beatriz , Estrugo‐Devesa Albert , López‐López José 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundClinical examination is the gold‐standard approach for surveillance of periodontitis; however, it requires large resources. Several self‐reported measures have been developed and tested in diverse scenarios with results suggesting that it may be a useful tool for screening periodontal disease in different populations; yet they have not being tested in Spanish population. We aimed to assess the validity of a self‐reported questionnaire for periodontitis in a Spanish population from Barcelona during 2018.MethodsOne hundred and twelve participants were enrolled in the study and, in one appointment; a dentist performed the self‐reported questionnaire and a full‐mouth periodontal examination. Periodontitis was defined as at least mild periodontitis according to three criterion of classification. Receiver‐operating characteristics curve analyses were used to test the discriminatory capability, sensitivity and specificity of the self‐reported questionnaire and logistic regression models were adjusted to estimate the minimal‐set of questions associated with periodontitis.ResultsThe self‐reported questionnaire had a useful discriminative capability for detecting individuals with periodontitis (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.85 95% CI 0.78‐0.92) and its moderate/severe form (AUC = 0.86 95% CI 0.79‐0.04) with sensitivity and specificity of 77% and 74% and 73% and 87%, respectively; representing moderate validity. The combination of four‐specific questions had high accuracy (AUC = 0.88 95% CI 0.81‐0.94) and validity (sensitivity = 92.2%) and was strongly associated with moderate/severe periodontitis after adjusting by socio‐demographic factors.ConclusionsThe use of several self‐reported questions proved to have a good performance for screening periodontitis in the population under study; specifically, those related with tooth mobility and gum migration. Large community‐based studies are needed to test its validity and predictive capability.
Discovery of pressure‐induced monoclinic to monoclinic phase transition above 60 GPa in single crystal NaAlSi2O6 jadeite
Authors: Fei Ge , Song Jingyan , Chen Xin , Liu Xiaobing 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAs one typical aluminum‐ and sodium‐bearing silicate mineral in the crust, the high‐pressure behaviors of NaAlSi2O6 jadeite are always of interest for investigation. However, the phase transition of jadeite at lower mantle remains elusive; thus, further static compression experiments and systematic theoretical calculations are highly needed. Here, we report a new monoclinic to monoclinic phase transition of jadeite with a volume collapse of 3.17% at around 68 GPa by in situ Raman experiments and first‐principles calculations at high pressures. Such transition leads to the increase of coordination numbers of Si from four‐ to five‐fold coordination, because of Bader charge transfer between Si─O and Al─O bonds. The physical mechanism behind this transition provides important value to understand the minerals in the lower mantle.
Drop coating deposition Raman scattering of selected small molecules of biological importance
Authors: Kočišová Eva , Sayedová Shirin , Procházka Marek 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDrop coating deposition Raman scattering spectroscopy was used to study selected small biologically important molecules. This technique combines the advantages of low concentrations and small volumes of the initial aqueous solution. Detection limits were found to be 10−6, 10−7, and 10−8 M deposition concentration for riboflavin, acetylsalicylic acid, and methylene blue, respectively. These detection limits are comparable or even better than those of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy using commercial Ag substrate.
Cleansers' mildness: Stratum corneum lipid organization and water uptake after a single wash
Authors: Perticaroli Stefania , Meyers Jessa L. , Wireko Fred C. , Akintelure Olubolaji , Webber John T. , Cambron R. Thomas , Vierling Scott , Sealschott Steve R. , Wei Karl S. , Smith Edward , Ray Paula J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe modern marketplace for personal cleansing demands effective but also gentle products. The acute effects of skin exposure to personal cleansers are a key driver in product mildness. Yet many current clinical methods of assessing this mildness rely upon exaggerated test conditions that do not match the brief contact time with the skin in typical use. Here, we present an approach to quantitatively measure changes in composition, water uptake, and spacing of lipid lamellar structures in human stratum corneum after a single ~2‐minute wash protocol. The approach is based upon in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy and small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) of ex vivo stratum corneum. Raman data, collected using cleansers with varying degrees of harshness, reveal changes in water uptake as a function of skin depth and detect depth of damage upon cleansing, a conduit to barrier integrity. By treating isolated human stratum corneum with cleansers for similarly short exposures, SAXS reveals structural perturbations associated with interactions of surfactants and skin lipid lamellar structure, also a measure of barrier strength. Disruption of the characteristic periodicity phases of the lipid lamellae or formation of new phases with intermediate periodicity due to surfactant intercalation are observed for different formulations. This approach provides molecular scale characterization of skin–product interactions and resulting skin barrier effects in more realistic consumer treatment conditions. It also provides feedback about cleansers' mildness in a rapid fashion and at lower cost, widening a bottleneck of identification and assessment of new ingredients in the early stages of formula design.
Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes and β‐cyclodextrin for magnetic solid‐phase extraction of carbaryl and carbofuran
Authors: Ma Qiong , Liu Xiaolan , Zhang Yingying , Chen Ling , Dang Xueping , Ai Youhong , Chen Huaixia 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, porous sandwich structure Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated by polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes and β‐cyclodextrin were prepared by surface polymerization and were used as the magnetic solid phase extraction adsorbent for the extraction and determination of carbaryl and carbofuran. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes and β‐cyclodextrin were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, vibrating sample magnetometry, and scanning electron microscopy. After optimizing the extraction conditions, a method that combined magnetic solid phase extraction with high‐performance liquid chromatography was developed for the determination of carbaryl and carbofuran in apple. The method exhibited a good linearity in the range of 2–400 μg/kg for carbaryl and carbofuran (R2 = 0.9995), respectively. The limits of detection were 0.5 μg/kg of carbaryl and 0.7 μg/kg for carbofuran in apple, respectively. Extraction recoveries ranged from 94.2 to 103.1% with the preconcentration factor of 300 and the relative standard deviations were less than 5.9%. These results indicated that the method combined magnetic solid phase extraction with high‐performance liquid chromatography and was promising for the determination of carbaryl and carbofuran at trace amounts.