bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Effects of Sambucus ebulus Leaf and Fruit Extracts on Leishmania major In Vitro
Authors: Kadkhodamasoum Samira , Bineshian Farahnaz , KarimiPour Amir , Tavakoli Pooya , Foroutan Masoud , Ghaffarifar Fatemeh , Molaei Soheila 
Published: December 2019

Background;:
Leishmaniasis is one of the major diseases caused by the intracellular
parasite of Leishmania. It has become one of the most dangerous health problems today. Our aim
of the present study is to compare the effects of Sambucus ebulus leaf and fruit extracts on
Leishmania major in vitro.

Methods:
In this study, we used MTT, promastigote and amastigote assay to evaluate the effect of
different concentrations of the extract on parasite and we compared their effects. The flow cytometry
technique was also used to detect the apoptotic effect of the extracts on promastigotes.

Results:
According to MTT experiment IC50concentration of leaf and fruit extracts on parasite
was 157 μg/ml and 265 μg/ml, respectively. After analysis by flow cytometry, leaf and fruit extracts
also showed the apoptosis effect. Leaf and fruit extract caused 40.2 and 2.67 percent apoptosis.

Conclusion:
Based on the above assessment, we determined that the S. ebulus leaf extract has a
more toxic effect on promastigotes and amstigotes than its fruit extract and maybe in the future
that be used as a drug candidate.
Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome After Exposure to Clopidogrel: A Case Report
Authors: Jiang Yihong , Wang Lihua , Shi Fanghong , Zhou Huan , Zheng Jun , Cai Jie , Yang Shuang , Ma Jing , Liu Wei 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is a rare cause of hypoglycemia that is
characterized by hyperinsulinemia, hypoglycemia, and a high autoantibody titer. About 50% of patients
with IAS have taken a medication containing sulfhydryl (-SH) groups. We present a case of IAS
that developed after taking clopidogrel, a drug with an active metabolite that contains an SH-group.

Case report:
IAS was suspected in a 63-year-old Chinese man because of high concentrations of insulin
and C-peptide during hypoglycemic episodes, and positivity for anti-insulin autoantibody (IAA).
During his first episode of hypoglycemia, no trigger medication was identified and prednisone therapy
was effective. However, imaging examination revealed a colonic carcinoma and the patient was discharged
to undergo surgery. He had no episodes of hypoglycemia for 10 weeks after discontinuation of
the prednisone, but then hypoglycemia recurred. A review of his medication revealed that he had taken
a 10-day course of clopidogrel just before the recurrence. Therefore, a specialized multidisciplinary
team consisting of endocrinologists, dieticians, and clinical pharmacists took charge of his management.
Prednisone therapy was restarted and tapered off over 16 weeks. The patient also consumed
small, frequent, low-carbohydrate meals and was instructed to avoid trigger medications. No further
episodes of hypoglycemia were detected. His insulin and C-peptide concentrations and his anti-IAA
index normalized during the follow-up period.

Conclusion:
SH-group-containing drugs might induce or exacerbate hypoglycemia in patients with a
history of IAS. Furthermore, patients with IAS can benefit from multidisciplinary team management.
We suggest herein an evaluation process for patients suspected of IAS.
Synthesis and Thermal Stability of Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on γ-Αl2O3
Authors: Kalishyn Yevhen Y. , Ordynskyi Vladislav V. , Ishchenko Mykola V. , Bychko Igor B. , Kaidanovych Zinaida V. , Trypolskyi Andrii I. , Strizhak Peter E. 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Deposition of palladium nanoparticles from colloidal
solution on various supports produces palladium catalysts with a predetermined size
and concentration of the palladium nanoparticles, which allows to study the
nanoparticle size effects and support influence on palladium catalytic properties.

Objective:
The goal of the present work was the development of a preparation
method of systems supported on γ-Al2O3 palladium nanoparticles with a controlled
size and determination of their thermal stability in oxidizing and reducing
atmospheres.

Methods:
We demonstrated the preparation of Pd/γ-Al2O3 composite by
precipitation of the size-controlled palladium nanoparticles with a narrow size
distribution from colloidal solution. The composites were characterized by X-ray
diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) methods.

Result:
The size and size distribution of the nanoparticles supported on γ-Al2O3
were found to be increasing upon precipitation due to strong Pd/γ-Al2O3 interaction.
A significant enlargement of the supported nanoparticles occured at 300°C. The
aggregation of the nanoparticles was observed at temperatures above 500°C
resulting in an increase in their size.

Conclusion:
Our findings are not only applicable for the preparation of a model
Pd supported on the γ-Al2O3 catalyst but could be applicable to the designing of the
Pd-containing catalyst for important industrial high-temperature processes.
Электропроводность структур металл--диэлектрик--полупродник на основе сегнетоэлектрических пленок
Authors: Афанасьев М.С. , Гольдман Е.И. , Чучева Г.В. , Набиев А.Э. , Гусейнов Дж.И. , Алиев Н.Ш. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract In this paper, we present the results of experimental studies of the frequency and temperature dependences of the electrical conductivity of metal–dielectric–semiconductor structures based on ferroelectric films of the Ba_0.8Sr_0.2TiO_3 composition. In the temperature range of 290–400 K and the frequency range of 25–10^6 Hz, the conductivity was found to obey the σ ∝ f ^0.76 law, which is characteristic of the hopping mechanism of charge transfer over states localized near the Fermi level. The density of these states, average distance and time of jumps are estimated.
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Persons Living With HIV by Enrollment Status in Washington, DC: Evaluation of a Large Longitudinal HIV Cohort Study
Authors: Opoku Jenevieve , Doshi Rupali K , Castel Amanda D , Sorensen Ian , Horberg Michael , Allston Adam , Kharfen Michael , Greenberg Alan E 
Published: December 2019

Background
HIV cohort studies have been used to assess health outcomes and inform the care and treatment of people living with HIV disease. However, there may be similarities and differences between cohort participants and the general population from which they are drawn.

Objective
The objective of this analysis was to compare people living with HIV who have and have not been enrolled in the DC Cohort study and assess whether participants are a representative citywide sample of people living with HIV in the District of Columbia (DC).

Methods
Data from the DC Health (DCDOH) HIV surveillance system and the DC Cohort study were matched to identify people living with HIV who were DC residents and had consented for the study by the end of 2016. Analysis was performed to identify differences between DC Cohort and noncohort participants by demographics and comorbid conditions. HIV disease stage, receipt of care, and viral suppression were evaluated. Adjusted logistic regression assessed correlates of health outcomes between the two groups.

Results
There were 12,964 known people living with HIV in DC at the end of 2016, of which 40.1% were DC Cohort participants. Compared with nonparticipants, participants were less likely to be male (68.0% vs 74.9%, P<.001) but more likely to be black (82.3% vs 69.5%, P<.001) and have a heterosexual contact HIV transmission risk (30.3% vs 25.9%, P<.001). DC Cohort participants were also more likely to have ever been diagnosed with stage 3 HIV disease (59.6% vs 47.0%, P<.001), have a CD4 <200 cells/µL in 2017 (6.2% vs 4.6%, P<.001), be retained in any HIV care in 2017 (72.9% vs 59.4%, P<.001), and be virally suppressed in 2017. After adjusting for demographics, DC Cohort participants were significantly more likely to have received care in 2017 (adjusted odds ratio 1.8, 95% CI 1.70-2.00) and to have ever been virally suppressed (adjusted odds ratio 1.3, 95% CI 1.20-1.40).

Conclusions
These data have important implications when assessing the representativeness of patients enrolled in clinic-based cohorts compared with the DC-area general HIV population. As participants continue to enroll in the DC Cohort study, ongoing assessment of representativeness will be required.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE NEGRA VIA MOVIMENTO SOCIAL: MARCHA DOS CABELOS CRESPOS ENQUANTO ESTRATÉGIA DE ENFRENTAMENTO DO RACISMO
Authors: Pereira Deborah Dias , Thé Ana Paula Glinfskói 
Published: December 2019

Configura-se no cenário brasileiro hodierno uma composição de coletivos e organizações sociais a qual tem ganho muita força. Um desses grupos organizados refere-se ao movimento de transição capilar, termo que designa o processo de naturalização dos cabelos cacheados e crespos, visando à interrupção do uso de químicas que possibilitavam que os cabelos fossem alisados de forma definitiva. Tais movimentos alcançam maior espaço e força no meio digital, através das redes sociais, chegando também às ruas nas formas de Marcha do Orgulho e do Empoderamento Crespo, além dos “rolezinhos” e feiras black. Em Salvador/BA, a Lei nº 9.194/2017 foi sancionada instituindo o dia 20 de Novembro como “Dia do Empoderamento Crespo”, que objetiva “elevar a autoestima daqueles que por ventura se sintam inferiorizados, conscientizando-os de que todos são iguais e, portanto, são livres na forma de agir e de se apresentar perante a sociedade". A reflexão de tal temática perpassa pelo questionamento do eurocentrismo como padrão unificado (cultura, modos de pensar e de se vestir, parâmetro de beleza, decisões políticas e proposições históricas extremamente relevantes no Brasil), além do debate acerca da reificação do corpo; promovendo, assim, aprofundamento em torno da apropriação corporal e empoderamento feminino. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho pretende analisar criticamente a construção da identidade negra, os atravessamentos raciais que se inserem no cotidiano das vivências e os debates suscitados nos coletivos que acionam os signos capilares. Para tanto, apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica acerca das categorias analíticas principais e de seus respectivos desdobramentos.
Health Care Expenditures Among Adults With Diabetes After Oregon’s Medicaid Expansion
Authors: Lindner Stephan R. , Marino Miguel , O’Malley Jean , Angier Heather , Bailey Steffani R. , Hoopes Megan , Springer Rachel , McConnell K. John , DeVoe Jennifer , Huguet Nathalie 
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVE
To compare trends in Medicaid expenditures among adults with diabetes who were newly eligible due to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid expansion to trends among those previously eligible.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Using Oregon Medicaid administrative data from 1 January 2014 to 30 September 2016, a retrospective cohort study was conducted with propensity score–matched Medicaid eligibility groups (newly and previously eligible). Outcome measures included total per-member per-month (PMPM) Medicaid expenditures and PMPM expenditures in the following 12 categories: inpatient visits, emergency department visits, primary care physician visits, specialist visits, prescription drugs, transportation services, tests, imaging and echography, procedures, durable medical equipment, evaluation and management, and other or unknown services.

RESULTS
Total PMPM Medicaid expenditures for newly eligible enrollees with diabetes were initially considerably lower compared with PMPM expenditures for matched previously eligible enrollees during the first postexpansion quarter (mean values $561 vs. $793 PMPM, P = 0.018). Within the first three postexpansion quarters, PMPM expenditures of the newly eligible increased to a similar but slightly lower level. Afterward, PMPM expenditures of both groups continued to increase steadily. Most of the overall PMPM expenditure increase among the newly eligible was due to rapidly increasing prescription drug expenditures.

CONCLUSIONS
Newly eligible Medicaid enrollees with diabetes had slightly lower PMPM expenditures than previously eligible Medicaid enrollees. The increase in PMPM prescription drug expenditures suggests greater access to treatment over time.
POLÍTICAS CURRICULARES PARA O ENSINO SECUNDÁRIO / ENSINO MÉDIO EM PORTUGAL E NO BRASIL
Authors: Voigt Jane Mery Richter , Morgado José Carlos Bernardino 
Published: December 2019

As mudanças curriculares, tanto em Portugal como no Brasil, são cada vez mais influenciadas por pressões transnacionais que exigem padrões mais elevados, implementação de uma cultura comum e uma educação que prepare para o mundo do trabalho, dando assim resposta a uma série de questões oriundas, essencialmente, do cenário econômico. Contudo, perante os aspectos referidos, bem como os recentes avanços científicos e tecnológicos, a educação não pode perder de vista a sua dimensão humana, vendo-se oEnsino Secundário/Ensino Médio compelido a criar condições para que os estudantes desenvolvam competências que os preparem para uma sociedade que se estrutura na base do conhecimento, se transforma a um ritmo cada vez mais intenso e se tornou mais complexa. Importa, por isso, averiguar o que pensam e como se posicionam os professores diante de tais mudanças. Assim, o objetivo deste texto é analisar as percepções de professores acerca das políticas curriculares no que se refere à Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), no Brasil, e ao Perfil dos Alunos à Saída da Escolaridade Obrigatória, em Portugal. O referencial teórico que fundamenta o estudo refere-se ao currículo e às políticas curriculares. De cariz qualitativo, a pesquisa contou com a participação de professores do Ensino Secundário/Ensino Médio, por meio de entrevistas realizadas nos dois países. Constatamos que, para os professores portugueses, só agora as mudanças criaram condições para a participação das escolas nas decisões curriculares; para os professores brasileiros a BNCC poderá ter uma função mais uniformizadora do que diferenciadora e emancipadora.
PRINCÍPIOS PARA A FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE E PARA REPENSAR O PAPEL DA EDUCAÇÃO ATUAL À LUZ DO PARADIGMA DA COMPLEXIDADE
Authors: Fedel Tiago Reus Barbosa , Behrens Marilda Aparecida 
Published: December 2019

Este trabalho, realizado no grupo de pesquisa PEFOP, Paradigmas educacionais e formação de professores, tomou por objetivo investigar como os paradigmas educacionais influenciam e impactam a educação. Ao mesmo tempo enseja uma reflexão sobre as contribuições do paradigma da complexidade na educação e, a partir dele, visam encaminhamentos para pistas formativas da docência nesta concepção. Assim, para uma compreensão maior do tema foi proposto como problema: Considerando a influência e os impactos dos paradigmas na educação moderna e contemporânea, quais encaminhamentos podem ser traduzidos em construtos norteadores para contribuir com a formação docente a partir do paradigma da complexidade e dos desafios atuais na educação? O procedimento metodológico envolveu uma abordagem qualitativa do tipo de pesquisa descritiva e exploratória, que envolveram a análise, exploração de proposições conceituais, a partir dos recursos bibliográficos pesquisados. Os referenciais teóricos, cujas proposições conceituais colaboram com esta pesquisa, são de autores engajados na investigação sobre os paradigmas educacionais e práticas de ensino como Cardoso (1995), Moraes (2004), Behrens (2013), Morin (2011; 2015), Weil (1991;1993). A partir deste referencial teórico se pretendeu apontar os construtos sobre o paradigma da complexidade para desenvolver uma prática pedagógica que propicie outras formas de empreender o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Como resultado a produção do conhecimento alcançou a finalidade de provocar um estudo e investigação em condições de apontar caminhos para a formação da docência, com base teórica nos princípios da complexidade na educação.
Gestão escolar: contextos e perspectivas dialogais
Authors: Lima Paulo Gomes 
Published: December 2019

O presente dossiê, organizado pelos professores Joaquim Gonçalves Barbosa (UFSCar/UERN), Rosana Batista Monteiro (UFSCar) e Iracema Santos do Nascimento (USP), é um recorte de manifestações possíveis de espaços de diálogo e aperfeiçoamento de contextos que são e fazem diferença na vida dos cidadãos, enquanto sujeito de direitos (e deveres). Nessa projeção, os trabalhos desenvolvidos um a um, desde de sua proposta inicial às considerações finais são realistas, cada um e à sua maneira, conferem pistas de que a educação tem jeito, ou seja, não pode ser projeto top-down de determinado governo ou de políticas contencionistas, cuja preocupação é o cunho economicista, mas, orientado em sua essência para dimensionar a garantia do direito, ainda que dentro de determinados eixos de discussão; visto se entender que há possibilidade de desdobramentos das pautas e agendas políticas, consoante o amadurecimento e luta social pelos mesmos.
Quality control of immunological veterinary medicinal products in Europe
Authors: Pasik Katarzyna , Łysiak Ewa 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Medicinal products in Europe are under the strict control of many organisations headed by the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines and HealthCare (EDQM) in Strasbourg and its related General European Official Medicines Control Laboratories (OMCLs) Network (GEON). The EDQM works in cooperation with the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the World Health Organisation (WHO). All of these institutions have one main goal – to protect public health in Europe and around the world. One of the more important effects of the harmonisation of pharmaceutical law in Europe was the introduction of the mutual recognition principle for the Official Control Authority Batch Release (OCABR)/Official Batch Protocol Review (OBPR) certificates in the European Union. The National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI) in Poland is an example of an OMCL laboratory within the Veterinary Batch Release Network (VBRN) that issues the European certificates. The NVRI is actively involved in the batch release of immunological veterinary medicinal products (IVMPs), with approximately 1,800 certificates for IVMPs issued per year. It is also one of only four veterinary OMCLs that perform Post Marketing Surveillance (PMS) studies including approximately 47 IVMPs per year. All the results of the testing data are sent to the Chief Veterinary Officer, and also to the electronic Network platforms of the EDQM, which enables transparent information exchange.
Impact of an Advanced Practice Pharmacist Type 2 Diabetes Management Program: A Pilot Study
Authors: Lewis Jelena , Nguyen Tiffany , Althobaiti Hana , Alsheikh Mona , Borsari Brad , Cooper Suzanne , Kim David , Seoane-Vazquez Enrique 
Published: December 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to describe the impact of an Advanced Practice Pharmacist (APh) on lowering hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes within a patient centered medical home (PCMH) and to classify the types of therapeutic decisions made by the APh.
Methods: This was a retrospective study using data from electronic health records. The study evaluated a partnership between Chapman University School of Pharmacy and Providence St. Joseph Heritage Healthcare that provided diabetes management by an Advanced Practice Pharmacist in a PCMH under a collaborative practice agreement. Change in the HbA1c was the primary endpoint assessed in this study. The type of therapeutic decisions made by the APh were also evaluated. Descriptive analysis and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to analyze data.
Results: The study included 35 patients with diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus managed by an APh from May 2017 to December 2017. Most of the patients were 60-79 years old (68.5%), 45.7% were female, and 45.7% were of Hispanic/Latino ethnicity. The average HbA1c was 8.8%±1.4% (range=6.0%-12.4%) and 7.5%±1.4% (range=5.5%-12.4%) at the initial and final APh visit, respectively (p<0.0001). Therapeutic decisions made by the APh included drug dose increase (35.5% of visits), drug added (16.4%), drug dose decrease (6.4%), drug switch (5.5%), and drug discontinuation (1.8%).
Conclusion: The Advanced Practice Pharmacist’s interventions had a significant positive impact on lowering HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a PCMH. The most common therapeutic decisions made by the APh included drug dose increase and adding a new drug.

Article Type: Pharmacy Practice
Short Term Forecasting of Electricity Load: A Comparison of Methods to Paiton Subsystem East Java & Bali
Authors: Ardilla Yunita , Suhartono Suhartono 
Published: December 2019

Electricity consumptionÂ in Indonesia is expected to continue to grow by average of 6,5% per year until 2020. Therefore, PT. PLN had toÂ make an effective subsystem that can provideÂ electrical energyÂ based on customer needs. The electrical energy isÂ converted fromÂ the mechanical energyÂ andÂ canâ€™t be stored. Because of that reason,Â ifÂ theÂ electrical energy isnâ€™t channeled properly then PT. PLN will suffer losses. It is necessary to plan a proper distribution systemÂ ofÂ electrical energy. The aim of this research is to predict short-term electricity consumption for Paitonâ€™s subsystem in East Java Indonesia by using ARIMA and Multilayer Perceptron. The best model is measured based on MAPE, SMAPE, and RMSE value in dataÂ sample. The result of the analysis shows that Multilayer Perceptron method provides better accuracy rate for electricity consumption forecasting in Paiton subsystem based on peak load comparedÂ toÂ ARIMA