bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐Term Survival and Harvest of Resident Canada Geese in Virginia
Authors: Ladin Zachary S. , Costanzo Gary , Lewis Benjamin , Williams Christopher K. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTResident populations of Canada geese (Branta canadensis) are of particular management interest throughout the eastern United States given increased human‐wildlife conflicts due to regional increases in the Atlantic Flyway Resident Population. Within Virginia, USA, growth rates of resident goose populations have been reduced through extended harvest seasons and increased bag limits. Our objective was to investigate spatiotemporal patterns in survival rates and harvest rates of resident geese in Virginia over the past 25 years. We estimated annual survival, recovery, and harvest rates using mark‐recapture data from 1990–2015 for individuals that were banded as resident birds during summer throughout the state. We tested for differences in annual survival probability and harvest rates of resident geese banded and recovered in 3 distinct goose hunt zones: the Atlantic, Southern James Bay, and Western hunt zones, each of which had different hunting regulations. We also tested for differences in survival and harvest rates between individuals banded in rural or urban sampling locations, and between age classes (i.e., after hatch‐year or hatch‐year). In general, survival rates of resident geese over the past 25 years in Virginia are declining. Differences in survival among the 3 goose hunt zones also suggests that current harvest management strategies have reduced survival rates of resident geese. Upon closer examination, we found differences in survival among zones, with resident geese in the Atlantic and Southern James Bay hunt zones showing more negative declines compared to resident geese in the Western zone. Resident geese banded in rural areas had higher survival than urban‐banded geese. We also investigated the effects of sampling effort on survival estimates and found no difference in survival estimates among groups when using 75%, 50%, 25%, or 5% of the data randomly sampled from the full data set, suggesting that banding efforts of resident geese could be reduced and continue to inform adaptive management strategies for these populations throughout Virginia. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Building, scaling, and sustaining a learning health system for surgical quality improvement: A toolkit
Authors: Krapohl Greta L. , Hemmila Mark R. , Hendren Samantha , Bishop Kathy , Rogers Rhonda , Rocker Cheryl , Fasbinder Laurie , Englesbe Michael J. , Vu Joceline V. , Campbell Darrell A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis article describes how to start, replicate, scale, and sustain a learning health system for quality improvement, based on the experience of the Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative (MSQC). The key components to operationalize a successful collaborative improvement infrastructure and the features of a learning health system are explained. This information is designed to guide others who desire to implement quality improvement interventions across a regional network of hospitals using a collaborative approach. A toolkit is provided (under Supporting Information) with practical information for implementation.
Coordination‐Insertion Copolymerization of Norbornene and p‐Substituted Styrenes Using Anilinonaphthoquinone‐Ligated Nickel Complexes
Authors: Chowdhury Samiul Islam , Tanaka Ryo , Nakayama Yuushou , Shiono Takeshi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCoordination‐insertion copolymerization of norbornene (N) and p‐substituted styrene (XS) (X = MeO, Me F, Cl, and Br) is carried out using anilinonaphthoquinone‐ligated nickel complexes [Ni(C10H5O2NAr)(Ph)(PPh3): 1a, Ar = C6H3‐2,6‐iPr; 1b, Ar = C6H2‐2,4,6‐Me; 1c, Ar = C6H5] with modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO) as a cocatalyst. The ligand of the nickel complex affects the catalytic activity. The effect of the p‐substituent on the activity is remarkable and the activity decreases in the following order, Br > Cl > F > Me > MeO. The molecular weight of the produced polymer also decreases with the same order. The activity increases with raising the temperature from 0 to 70 °C accompanied by the decrease in the molecular weight of the produced polymers. The incorporation of XS determined by 1H and 13C NMR decreases in the following order, MeO ≥ Me > F > Cl > Br. The glass transition temperatures of the N/XS copolymers determined by differential scanning calorimetry show a broad range from 120 to 365 °C according to the XS content.
Pre‐Stretched Double Network Polymer Films Based on Agarose and Polyacrylamide with Sensitive Humidity‐Responsive Deformation, Shape Memory, and Self‐Healing Properties
Authors: Zhang Yao , Zhou Shuaifeng , Zhang Lidong , Yan Qiwen , Mao Lina , Wu Yiqian , Huang Wei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA series of pre‐stretched double network (DN) polymer films based on agarose and polyacrylamide (Agar/PAM) are prepared. These films show the rapid and large deformation in response to humidity due to the release of contraction stress. The pre‐stretched dry film can curl toward the humidity direction into a scroll‐like structure in an extremely short time. The deformation direction can be also well controlled by the stretching direction. The released contraction stress increases with the increase of tensile strain. The DN Agar/PAM hydrogel film shows good water‐induced shape memory effect. It can be stretched to form various temporary shapes such as circle, square, and spiral. The shape fixing and recovery ratios are both close to 100%. The released large contraction stress accelerates the shape recovery process. The recovery time increases with the increase of film thickness. The DN dry film shows the good water‐induced self‐healing ability. The healed film maintains about 88% tensile strength (103 MPa) of the original film. Due to these good properties, the pre‐stretched DN dry films can be fabricated into a soft robot jack which can easily lift up to ≈20 times its own weight within 8 s.
Automated design for a hybrid lumped and distributed dual‐band stub using aggressive space mapping
Authors: Gong Jian‐Qiang , Wang Yu‐Hao , Zhang Chao‐Qun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA dual‐band stub (DBS) in a hybrid lumped and distributed configuration is presented in this paper, which comprises one lumped kernel circuit unit cell (KCUC) centered between two uniform transmission lines. Image parameter theory is imposed to extract the DBS phase and impedance bandwidth properties. An odd‐even mode resonant frequency ratio is defined, capable of determining all the DBS element values as well as regulating the DBS size and its second working bandwidth. By converting the lumped KCUC into a quasi‐lumped microstrip topology, a purely planar DBS is automatically implemented by employing the aggressive space mapping (ASM). Through the customized ASM process, the finalized DBS dimensions can be generated within just a few full‐wave simulations. The relatively high accuracy and efficiency of the ASM are affirmed by comparing its performance to those of the traditional direct optimization algorithms. As an example, a DBS with WLAN dual frequencies and extended bandwidth is designed and fabricated. The measured results agree well with the simulated results, justifying the DBS properties and its ad hoc ASM optimization technique.
Power performance and thermal operation of organic photovoltaic modules in real operating conditions
Authors: Bardizza Giorgio , Salis Elena , Toledo Carlos , Dunlop Ewan D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPrinted organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have moved beyond the research laboratory phase and have demonstrated their suitability to be upscaled for industrial manufacture. The improved efficiencies and increased lifetime testify the potential for this technology to compete with crystalline silicon–based technologies under some operating conditions. There are companies capable of producing large‐area OPV modules for outdoor installation. Examples of solar cell production on an industrial scale for energy production have been shown in the last 5 years. In this work, we present the performance data of a large‐area OPV module under operating conditions representative for real outdoor operation. This study focuses on the analysis of the thermal behavior of the module and shows how its performance can be affected by the temperatures it can reach outdoor under natural sunlight. A comparison of outdoor measurements with indoor data measured under simulated sunlight at several temperature‐irradiance combinations is also presented.
Comparative analysis of two catastrophic hazardous chemical accidents in China
Authors: Wang Jianhao , Fu Gui , Yan Mingwei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOn March 21, 2019, a serious explosion of hazardous chemicals occurred in Tianjiayi Company located in Xiangshui Chemical Industry Park in Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, China. Seventy‐eight people were killed and 716 were injured. It is the most severe accident since the globally recognized fire and explosion at a hazardous chemical warehouse in Tianjin Port, Tianjin, China in 2015. According to the preliminary analysis of the Yancheng accident and the review of previous studies about the Tianjin Port accident, there are similarities regarding the process of the two accidents. Therefore, in addition to reporting the investigation results of the Yancheng accident, an important aim of this work is to focus on the brief comparative analysis between it and the Tianjin Port accident. The comparisons were mainly conducted according to the basic information of the events, triggers and processes, individual factors, organizational management factors, external regulatory factors, and then the differences and similarities between the two accidents are summarized. Thus, useful lessons in the aspects of the storage and management of hazardous chemicals, safety training and accident learning, implementation of safety management system, government supervision, and so on, can be drawn to avoid similar mistakes within the industry.
Different Enhancement Mechanisms of the Anodizing Al‐Doped or Sn‐Coupled Ti3SiC2 for the Photoelectrochemical Performance
Authors: Yin Hongfeng , Wang Zhiwei , Tang Yun , Chourashiya Muralidhar , Li Xiuting , Yuan Hudie , Yan Nan , Ren Xiaohu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTiO2‐based photoanodes are very well known for their photoresponse performance, however, their inability to work in the visible range is still a challenge. To tackle this issue, Al‐doped or Sn‐coupled Ti3SiC2 (Al‐TSC or Sn‐TSC) is fabricated via a hot‐press sintering technique, and the anodized Al‐TSC or Sn‐TSC is abbreviated as Al‐ATSC or Sn‐ATSC. The Al‐ATSC or Sn‐ATSC with optimized doping content of Al or Sn corresponding to a superior photocurrent of 137.24 μA cm−2 or 126.76 μA cm−2 which is 18 or 16 times higher than that of the anodized Ti3SiC2 (ATSC) (7.6 μA cm−2) respectively. The capacitance for Al‐ATSC or Sn‐ATSC samples can be improved in the presence of visible light illumination. Enhanced photoelectrochemical (PEC) mechanism for Al‐ATSC is that generated defects in Al doped TiO2 (Al‐TiO2) improve the visible light absorption capacity, for Sn‐ATSC is the suppressed recombination of hole‐electron pairs by the coupling effect of SnO2/TiO2.
A Novel Way to Enhance the Thermoelectric Efficiency of Carbon Nanotube through Cobaltocene‐decamethyl Cobaltocene Encapsulation
Authors: Koley Sayantanu , Sen Sabyasachi , Chakrabarti Swapan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHerein, we report a novel way to enhance the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of carbon nanotube (CNT) by a factor as large as of 103. Our non‐equilibrium Green's function based density functional theory study on a (17, 0) CNT proved that such a huge change in the ZT of CNT is possible when the symmetry of the material is broken by a combination of cobaltocene and decamethyl cobaltocene encapsulation. The calculations also indicate that pristine carbon nanotube, which is a p‐type thermoelectric material, turns into an n‐type material upon such encapsulation. The detail analyses reveal that the reason behind this remarkable enhancement of ZT is mainly attributed to the sharp rise in the electrical conductance of cobaltocene moiety encapsulated CNT with respect to pristine CNT. We have noticed that symmetry breaking has resulted in the removal of degeneracy of HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital), HOMO‐1 and LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital), LUMO+1 which eventually leads to a significant decrease in the HOMO‐LUMO gap of the system and subsequently a 400 times increase in the overall electrical conductance of the thermoelectric device.
A Biomimetic Tumor Model of Heterogeneous Invasion in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Bradney Michael J. , Venis Stephanie M. , Yang Yi , Konieczny Stephen F. , Han Bumsoo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a complex, heterogeneous, and genetically unstable disease. Its tumor microenvironment (TME) is complicated by heterogeneous cancer cell populations and strong desmoplastic stroma. This complex and heterogeneous environment makes it challenging to discover and validate unique therapeutic targets. Reliable and relevant in vitro PDAC tumor models can significantly advance the understanding of the PDAC TME and may enable the discovery and validation of novel drug targets. In this study, an engineered tumor model is developed to mimic the PDAC TME. This biomimetic model, named ductal tumor‐microenvironment‐on‐chip (dT‐MOC), permits analysis and experimentation on the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and local invasion with intratumoral heterogeneity. This dT‐MOC is a microfluidic platform where a duct of murine genetically engineered pancreatic cancer cells is embedded within a collagen matrix. The cancer cells used carry two of the three mutations of KRAS, CDKN2A, and TP53, which are key driver mutations of human PDAC. The intratumoral heterogeneity is mimicked by co‐culturing these cancer cells. Using the dT‐MOC model, heterogeneous invasion characteristics, and response to transforming growth factor‐beta1 are studied. A mechanism of EMT and local invasion caused by the interaction between heterogeneous cancer cell populations is proposed.
Textile reinforced concrete for sustainable structures: Future perspectives and application to a prototype pavilion
Authors: Valeri Patrick , Guaita Patricia , Baur Raffael , Fernández Ruiz Miguel , Fernández‐Ordóñez David , Muttoni Aurelio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTextile reinforced concrete (TRC) is a cementitious‐based material where reinforcement consists of high‐strength noncorrosive textile fabrics. Due to the use of a noncorrosive reinforcement, cover requirements can be limited to minimum static values and the amount of clinker in the cement can also be notably reduced. In addition, the simplicity to arrange the fabrics in complex formworks makes the material suited for thin shells or folded structures (typically with thicknesses ranging 10–20 mm). Due to the savings in material and to the lower amounts of clinker used for its production, TRC has a higher sustainable potential than conventional reinforced concrete, with a significantly lower CO2 footprint. To encourage an extensive use of TRC in practice, several topics need however further development. They comprise aspects related to the material and structural response of TRC, but also to the design and to the possibilities to integrate TRC within the architecture and building‐physics. In the present research, results of a 4‐year research program on TRC performed by researchers in civil engineering and architecture are presented. The response of the material is first investigated in tension, bending, and shear. On this basis, considerations on the potential of TRC for construction are drawn and an example of application is presented with the construction of a full‐scale pavilion entirely in TRC.
First prospective clinical evaluation of feasibility and patient acceptance of magnetic resonance-guided radiotherapy in Germany
Authors: Klüter Sebastian , Katayama Sonja , Spindeldreier C. Katharina , Koerber Stefan A. , Major Gerald , Alber Markus , Akbaba Sati , Debus Jürgen , Hörner-Rieber Juliane 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Magnetic resonance-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) has recently been introduced in our institution. As MRgRT requires high patient compliance compared to conventional techniques and can be associated with prolonged treatment times, feasibility and patient tolerance were prospectively assessed using patient-reported outcome questionnaires (PRO-Q).

Materials and methods
Forty-three patients were enrolled in a prospective observational study and treated with MRgRT on a low-field hybrid Magnetic Resonance Linear Accelerator system (MR-Linac) between April 2018 and April 2019. For assistance in gated breath-hold delivery using cine-MRI, a video feedback system was installed. PRO-Qs consisted of questions on MR-related complaints and also assessed aspects of active patient participation.

Results
The most commonly treated anatomic sites were nodal metastases and liver lesions. The mean treatment time was 34 min with a mean beam-on time of 2:17 min. Gated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) was applied in 47% of all patients. Overall, patients scored MRgRT as positive or at least tolerable in the PRO‑Q. Almost two thirds of patients (65%) complained about at least one item of the PRO‑Q (score ≥4), mainly concerning coldness, paresthesia, and uncomfortable positioning. All patients reported high levels of satisfaction with their active role using the video feedback system in breath-hold delivery.

Conclusion
MRgRT was successfully implemented in our clinic and well tolerated by all patients, despite MR-related complaints and complaints about uncomfortable immobilization. Prospective clinical studies are in development for further evaluation of MRgRT and for quantification of the benefit of MR-guided on-table adaptive radiotherapy.
Beta‐Blocker Therapy in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Khalili Hosseinali , Ahl Rebecka , Paydar Shahram , Sjolin Gabriel , Cao Yang , Abdolrahimzadeh Fard Hossein , Niakan Amin , Hanna Kamil , Joseph Bellal , Mohseni Shahin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundObservational studies have demonstrated improved outcomes in TBI patients receiving in‐hospital beta‐blockers. The aim of this study is to conduct a randomized controlled trial examining the effect of beta‐blockers on outcomes in TBI patients.MethodsAdult patients with severe TBI (intracranial AIS ≥ 3) were included in the study. Hemodynamically stable patients at 24 h after injury were randomized to receive either 20 mg propranolol orally every 12 h up to 10 days or until discharge (BB+) or no propranolol (BB−). Outcomes of interest were in‐hospital mortality and Glasgow Outcome Scale‐Extended (GOS‐E) score on discharge and at 6‐month follow‐up. Subgroup analysis including only isolated severe TBI (intracranial AIS ≥ 3 with extracranial AIS ≤ 2) was carried out. Poisson regression models were used.ResultsTwo hundred nineteen randomized patients of whom 45% received BB were analyzed. There were no significant demographic or clinical differences between BB+ and BB− cohorts. No significant difference in in‐hospital mortality (adj. IRR 0.6 [95% CI 0.3–1.4], p = 0.2) or long‐term functional outcome was measured between the cohorts (p = 0.3). One hundred fifty‐four patients suffered isolated severe TBI of whom 44% received BB. The BB+ group had significantly lower mortality relative to the BB− group (18.6% vs. 4.4%, p = 0.012). On regression analysis, propranolol had a significant protective effect on in‐hospital mortality (adj. IRR 0.32, p = 0.04) and functional outcome at 6‐month follow‐up (GOS‐E ≥ 5 adj. IRR 1.2, p = 0.02).ConclusionPropranolol decreases in‐hospital mortality and improves long‐term functional outcome in isolated severe TBI. This randomized trial speaks in favor of routine administration of beta‐blocker therapy as part of a standardized neurointensive care protocol.Level of evidenceLevel II; therapeutic.Study typeTherapeutic study.
Higher doses of loop diuretics limit uptitration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction
Authors: ter Maaten Jozine M. , Martens Pieter , Damman Kevin , Dickstein Kenneth , Ponikowski Piotr , Lang Chim C. , Ng Leong L. , Anker Stefan D. , Samani Nilesh J. , Filippatos Gerasimos , Cleland John G. , Zannad Faiez , Hillege Hans L. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Metra Marco , Voors Adriaan A. , Mullens Wilfried 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Loop diuretics are frequently prescribed to patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) for the treatment of congestion; however, they might hamper uptitration of inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin system.

Methods
Loop diuretic dose at baseline was recorded in 2338 patients with HFrEF enrolled in BIOSTAT-CHF, an international study of HF patients on loop diuretic therapy who were eligible for uptitration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi)/mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA). The association between loop diuretic dose and uptitration of ACEi/MRA to percentage of target dose was adjusted for a previously published model for likelihood of uptitration and a propensity score.

Results
Baseline median loop diuretic dose was 40 [40–100] mg of furosemide or equivalent. Higher doses of loop diuretics were associated with higher NYHA class and higher levels of NT-proBNP, more severe signs and symptoms of congestion, more frequent MRA use, and lower doses of ACEi reached at 3 and 9 months (all P < 0.01). After propensity adjustment, higher doses of loop diuretics remained significantly associated with poorer uptitration of ACEi (Beta per log doubling of loop diuretic dose: − 1.66, P = 0.021), but not with uptitration of MRAs (P = 0.758). Higher doses of loop diuretics were independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality or HF hospitalization [HR per doubling of loop diuretic dose: 1.06 (1.01–1.12), P = 0.021].

Conclusions
Higher doses of loop diuretics limited uptitration of ACEi in patients with HFrEF and were associated with a higher risk of death and/or HF hospitalization, independent of their lower likelihood of uptitration and higher baseline risk.

Graphic abstract

This figure was created with images adapted from Servier Medical Art licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Slab break-offs in the Alpine subduction zone
Authors: Kästle Emanuel D. , Rosenberg Claudio , Boschi Lapo , Bellahsen Nicolas , Meier Thomas , El-Sharkawy Amr 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAfter the onset of plate collision in the Alps, at 32–34 Ma, the deep structure of the orogen is inferred to have changed dramatically: European plate break-offs in various places of the Alpine arc, as well as a possible reversal of subduction polarity in the eastern Alps have been proposed. We review different high-resolution tomographic studies of the upper mantle and combine shear- and body-wave models to assess the most reliable geometries of the slabs. Several hypotheses for the tectonic evolution are presented and tested against the tomographic model interpretations and constraints from geologic and geodetic observations. We favor the interpretation of a recent European slab break-off under the western Alps. In the eastern Alps, we review three published scenarios for the subduction structure and propose a fourth one to reconcile the results from tomography and geology. We suggest that the fast slab anomalies are mainly due to European subduction; Adriatic subduction plays no or only a minor role along the Tauern window sections, possibly increasing towards the Dinarides. The apparent northward dip of the slab under the eastern Alps may be caused by imaging a combination of Adriatic slab, from the Dinaric subduction system, and a deeper lying European one, as well as by an overturned, retreating European slab.