bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extension of the Andersén–Lempert theory: Lie algebras of zero divergence vector fields on complex affine algebraic varieties
Authors: Donzelli Fabrizio 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
For a smooth manifold X equipped with a volume form, let 𝓛0 (X) be the Lie algebra of volume preserving smooth vector fields on X. Lichnerowicz proved that the abelianization of 𝓛0 (X) is a finite-dimensional vector space, and that its dimension depends only on the topology of X. In this paper we provide analogous results for some classical examples of non-singular complex affine algebraic varieties with trivial canonical bundle, which include certain algebraic surfaces and linear algebraic groups. The proofs are based on a remarkable result of Grothendieck on the cohomology of affine varieties, and some techniques that were introduced with the purpose of extending the Andersén–Lempert theory, which was originally developed for the complex spaces ℂ
n
, to the larger class of Stein manifolds that satisfy the density property.
A Priori Analysis of an Anisotropic Finite Element Method for Elliptic Equations in Polyhedral Domains
Authors: Li Hengguang , Nicaise Serge 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Consider the Poisson equation in a polyhedral domain with mixed boundary conditions.
We establish new regularity results for the solution with possible vertex and edge singularities with interior data in usual Sobolev spaces

H
σ

{H^{\sigma}}

with

σ
∈

[
0
,
1
)

{\sigma\in[0,1)}

.
We propose anisotropic finite element algorithms approximating the singular solution in the optimal convergence rate.
In particular, our numerical method involves anisotropic graded meshes with fewer geometric constraints but lacking the maximum angle condition.
Optimal convergence on such meshes usually requires the pure Dirichlet boundary condition.
Thus, a by-product of our result is to extend the application of these anisotropic meshes to broader practical computations with the price to have “smoother” interior data.
Numerical tests validate the theoretical analysis.
Inhibition effect of the synergistic properties of 4-methyl-norvalin and 2-methoxy-4-formylphenol on the electrochemical deterioration of P4 low carbon mold steel
Authors: Loto Roland Tolulope , Ogaga Asamaige 
Published: February 2020

AbstractStudy of the synergistic inhibition properties of the combined admixture of 4-methyl-norvalin and 2-methoxy-4-formylphenol (non-toxic organic compounds) on the corrosion of P4 low carbon mold steel in 1.5 M H2SO4and HCl solution was performed with weight loss measurement, potentiodynamic polarization and optical microscopy analysis. Results obtained showed the inhibition efficiency of the admixed compound performed above the value for effective corrosion inhibition at very low concentrations in H2SO4solution. However, from mid concentration to the highest concentration studied, the inhibition efficiency of the compound was above 85% from electrochemical tests. In HCl solution the inhibition efficiency of the compound was well above 80% and 90% for weight loss and polarization tests at all concentration studied. Anodic corrosion inhibition mechanism was determined for the compound in H2SO4according to Freundlich and Frumkin adsorption isotherms due to weak Van der Waals attraction between the inhibitor molecules and the steel’s surface. The mechanism of corrosion inhibition in HCl was calculated to be cathodic type according to Langmuir isotherm model.Morphological images of inhibited and non-inhibited steel surfaces significantly contrast each other though the extent of deterioration was much severe for the steel from H2SO4solution.
Green synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles from Syzygium cumini extract for photo-catalytic removal of lead (Pb) in explosive industrial wastewater
Authors: Sethy Naresh Kumar , Arif Zeenat , Mishra Pradeep Kumar , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGreen synthesis is a simple, non-toxic, economical and eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of nanoparticles. In the present work, nanoparticles of titanium dioxide (TiO2 NPs) were synthesized using an aqueous solution of Syzygium cumini leaf extract as a capping agent. These green synthesized TiO2 NPs were further evaluated for photo catalytic removal of lead from industrial wastewater. Obtained nanoparticles were characterized using: high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). Obtained results revealed that synthesized TiO2 NPs possess spherical morphology with anatase phase with a large BET surface area of 105 m2/g. Photo catalytic studies of TiO2 NPs for lead removal from explosive wastewater were performed in a self-designed reactor. Inductive coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP) was used to determine the lead concentration. Obtained results witnessed 75.5% removal in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 82.53% removal in lead (Pb2+). This application of green TiO2 NPs is being explored for the first time.
Birth weight related blood concentrations of the neurotransmission amino acids glutamine plus glutamate, phenylalanine and tyrosine in full-term breastfed infants perinatally
Authors: Manta-Vogli Penelope D. , Schulpis Kleopatra H. , Loukas Yannis L. , Dotsikas Yannis 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
The amino acids glutamine plus glutamate, phenylalanine and tyrosine are implicated in neurotransmission. We aimed to evaluate these amino acid blood concentrations in full-term breastfed infants with different birth weight (BW) perinatally.

Methods
Breastfed full-term infants (n = 6000, males 3000, females 3000) BW 2000–4000 g were divided into four equal groups. Both males and females Groups A, 2000–2500 g, B 2500–3000 g, C 3000–3500 g, D 3500–4000 g. Blood samples on Guthrie cards, were taken on the 3rd day of life and quantified via a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method.

Results
Glutamine plus glutamate mean values were found to be statistically significantly different between males vs. females in all the studied groups. The highest values were determined in both males and females in group D. Statistically significantly higher values of phenylalanine appeared in group D vs. other groups. Tyrosine mean values were calculated to be statistically significantly different in both sexes in group A compared to other groups.

Conclusions
Differences of glutamine plus glutamate, phenylalanine and tyrosine levels among full-term newborns with different BW are presented for the first time in the literature. Newborns with BW 3000–4000 g are benefited by having higher concentrations of the mentioned neurotransmission related amino acids. Neonatal screening reference values for these amino acids in relation to BW could be established, not only for preterm and low BW infants but also for full-term newborns with BW >3000 g.
Trends in pediatric obesity management, a survey from the Pediatric Endocrine Society Obesity Committee
Authors: Shoemaker Ashley H. , Chung Stephanie T. , Fleischman Amy , _ _ 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn the United States, 18.5% of children are obese. Dietary and lifestyle modifications are key, but often ineffective. There are limited approved pediatric pharmacotherapies. The objective of this study was to evaluate current treatment practices for pediatric obesity among members of the Pediatric Endocrine Society (PES, n = 1300) and the Pediatric Obesity Weight Evaluation Registry (POWER, n = 42) consortium.MethodsA 10-question online survey on treatment of children with obesity in clinical practice was conducted.ResultsThe response rates were 19% for PES and 20% for POWER members. The majority were female (65%) and board certified in pediatric endocrinology (81%). Most practitioners saw 5–10 patients with obesity/week and 19% prescribed weight-loss medications. POWER participants were more likely to prescribe weight-loss medications than PES participants (46% vs. 18%, p =  0.02). Metformin was the most commonly prescribed medication. Response to medication was poor. Use of dietary non-pharmacological treatment options was uncommon. Over half of the respondents (56%) referred patients for bariatric surgery and 53% had local access to pediatric bariatric surgery.ConclusionsMetformin was the most common drug prescribed among respondents, but successful weight-loss responses were uncommon. Among practitioners who are using pharmacological interventions, therapeutic strategies vary widely. Targeted research in pharmacologic and surgical treatment for pediatric obesity is urgently needed.
Drug exposure during pregnancy and fetal cardiac function – a systematic review
Authors: Kolding Line , Eken Hilal , Uldbjerg Niels 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this systematic review was to describe the effects of drug exposure during pregnancy on fetal cardiac function.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane and SCOPUS for studies assessing fetal cardiac function in drug-exposed human pregnancies. Risk of bias was assessed by the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBIN-I) tool.ResultsWe included 32 studies on eight different drug groups. They included 51 outcome variables, which were all based on ultrasound techniques primarily assessing systolic function: pulsed wave Doppler, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), and B- and M-mode. Overall, the risk of bias was moderate. β2agonists increased the systolic velocity in the ductus arteriosus and the fetal heart rate. β-blockers caused unchanged or decreased systolic velocity of the pulmonary trunk. Corticosteroids increased the velocity in the ductus arteriosus. Furthermore, in growth-restricted fetuses with an increased myocardial performance index (MPI′) on the right side, corticosteroids normalized this variable. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), but not acetylsalicylic acid, increased the flow velocities in the ductus arteriosus, decreased the shortening fraction and increased the end-diastolic ventricular diameters. Metformin and insulin normalized the diastolic strain and global longitudinal strain in diabetic pregnancies. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) exposure increased the E/A ratio on the right side, prolonged the isovolumic relaxation time (IRT) and ejection time, shortened the isovolumic contraction time (ICT), and decreased left myocardial systolic peak velocities. Chemotherapy did not cause detectable changes.ConclusionSix of the eight drug groups caused detectable changes in fetal cardiac function. However, the evidence was hampered by only a few studies for some drugs.
Recent advances in optical metasurfaces for polarization detection and engineered polarization profiles
Authors: Intaravanne Yuttana , Chen Xianzhong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Like amplitude, phase and frequency, polarization is one of the fundamental properties of light, which can be used to record, process and store information. Optical metasurfaces are ultrathin inhomogeneous media with planar nanostructures that can manipulate the optical properties of light at the subwavelength scale, which have become a current subject of intense research due to the desirable control of light propagation. The unprecedented capability of optical metasurfaces in the manipulation of the light’s polarization at subwavelength resolution has provided an unusual approach for polarization detection and arbitrary manipulation of polarization profiles. A compact metasurface platform has been demonstrated to detect polarization information of a light beam and to arbitrarily engineer a polarization profile that is very difficult or impossible to realize with conventional optical elements. This review will focus on the recent progress on ultrathin metasurface devices for polarization detection and realization of customized polarization profiles. Optical metasurfaces have provided new opportunities for polarization detection and manipulation, which can facilitate real-world deployment of polarization-related devices and systems in various research fields, including sensing, imaging, encryption, optical communications, quantum science, and fundamental physics.
Synthesis and crystal structure of 4,4′-di(4-pyridyl)-6,6′-di(tert-butyl)-2,2′-[propylenedioxybis(nitrilomethylidyne)]diphenol, C35H40N4O4
Authors: Mu Hao-Ran , Wang Ji-Fa , Bian Ruo-Nan , Dong Wen-Kui 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
C35H40N4O4, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 29.1768(5) Å, b = 6.0734(1) Å, c = 18.0123(3) Å, β = 101.2260(10)°, Z = 4, V = 3130.75(9) Å3
R
gt(F) = 0.0422, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1185, T = 273(2) K.
Die strukturelle Besserung der Länderfinanzen in der Niedrigzinsphase: die trügerische Leichtigkeit des Scheins
Authors: Siemers Lars-H. , Gebhardt Heinz 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Die Finanzlage der Bundesländer hat sich im laufenden Jahrzehnt aufgrund sehr günstiger Rahmenbedingungen erheblich verbessert. Die hohen rezessionsbedingten Defizite infolge der Wirtschafts- und Finanzkrise wurden rasch abgebaut, und seit 2014 erzielt die Ländergesamtheit steigende strukturelle Überschüsse. Im Jahr 2017 wiesen schon 14 Länder strukturell mindestens ausgeglichene Haushalte auf. In der aktuellen Niedrigzinsphase überzeichnet das vom Stabilitätsrat verwendete Verfahren zur Ermittlung der strukturellen Finanzlage jedoch die erzielten Konsolidierungsfortschritte und verdeckt den vielfach noch bestehenden Konsolidierungsbedarf – die „strukturelle“ Besserung der Länderfinanzen war wesentlich dem historisch niedrigen Zinsniveau zu verdanken und damit zum Teil nur temporärer Natur. Um die nachhaltigen Konsolidierungsfortschritte zu ermitteln, bereinigen die Autoren die Länderfinanzen daher nicht nur um konjunkturelle Einflüsse, sondern auch um die nur vorübergehenden Einsparungen beim Schuldendienst. Sie berechnen drei auf unterschiedlichen Annahmen zum nachhaltigen Zinsniveau basierende Szenarien und zeigen, dass 2017 nicht 14, sondern – je nach Szenario – nur acht bis zehn Länder einen strukturell mindestens ausgeglichenen Haushalt erzielten. Die verbleibenden Länder wiesen teilweise hohe strukturelle Fehlbeträge auf, so dass bei ihnen weiter Konsolidierungsbedarf besteht, um beim Start der „Schuldenbremse“ im Jahr 2020 strukturell ausgeglichene Haushalte zu erzielen. Die Autoren empfehlen, die Methoden zur Ermittlung der strukturellen Finanzlage um eine Bereinigung nicht nachhaltiger Einsparungen beim Schuldendienst zu erweitern.
SrPdGa3 type gallides RERhGa3 with RE=La, Ce and Pr
Authors: Seidel Stefan , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The ternary rare earth gallides RERhGa3 with RE = La, Ce and Pr were synthesized by arc-melting and subsequent annealing in a muffle furnace. The gallides were characterized through Guinier powder patterns and the structure of LaRhGa3 was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data: SrPdGa3 type, Cmcm, a = 639.2(2), b = 1030.9(2), c = 589.3(2) pm, wR2 = 0.0964, 416 F
2 values and 19 variables. The rhodium and gallium atoms build up a three-dimensional polyanionic network [RhGa3] which is stabilized through Rh–Ga (245–251 pm) and Ga–Ga (267–295 pm) bonds and filled by the lanthanum atoms. The crystal chemical relationship with the structures of LaRh2Ge2 (ThCr2Si2 type), LaRh2Ga2 (CaBe2Ge2 type) and LaRhGe3 (BaNiSn3 type) is discussed.
The Implementation and Improvisation of Islamic School Curriculum in Buddhist Country
Authors: Wijayanti Fantri Agustin , Widhanarto Ghanis Putra 
Published: February 2020

Thailand is one of the greatest Buddhist country in Southeast Asia, therefore the Buddhism values and culture inevitably intervene education, including the curriculum. It is interesting to investigate how Islamic school arranges and develops its own curriculum in order to balance the national interest influenced by Buddhism and the Islamic belief, values, and culture owned by the school in Thailand. This article tries to illustrate Anuban Islam Songkhla School as one of the Islamic schools adapts the national educational policy and arranges their curriculum rooted on Islamic vision. This research found that Songkhla School does not implement all policy endorsed by the government officially due to its incompatibility with the Islamic vision of the school.
Abstrak
Thailand adalah salah satu negara Budha terbesar di Asia Tenggara, oleh karena itu nilai-nilai dan budaya Budha tak terelakkan lagi pasti mengintervensi dunia pendidikannya, termasuk kurikulumnya. Sangat menarik untuk menyelidiki bagaimana sekolah Islam di Thailand mengatur dan mengembangkan kurikulumnya sendiri untuk menyeimbangkan kepentingan nasional yang dipengaruhi oleh agama Budha dengan ajaran, nilai-nilai, dan budaya Islam yang dimiliki oleh sekolah tersebut. Artikel ini mencoba menggambarkan Sekolah Songkhla Islam Anuban sebagai salah satu sekolah Islam yang mengadaptasi kebijakan pendidikan nasional dalam upaya menyusun kurikulum mereka sendiri yang berakar pada visi-visi keislaman. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Sekolah Songkhla tidak menerapkan semua kebijakan yang diberlakukan oleh pemerintah secara resmi, karena memang pada dasarnya tidak semuanya kompatibel dengan visinya sebagai sekolah Islam.
Developing Augmented Reality-based Learning Media to Improve Student Visual Spatial Intelligence
Authors: Wahyudi Urip Muhayat Wiji , Arwansyah Yanuar Bagas 
Published: February 2020

This article illustrates an effort to create a learning media based on Augmented Reality (AR) to improve student visual spatial intelligence. This type of intelligence is important for student to understand such subjects or topics like spaces, because to completely understand the image student should imagine the object’s shape and space. The lack of learning media in many schools caused the lack of student understanding toward the topic. According to the problem above, this research employing Research & Development (R & D) approach to develop AR-based learning media to facilitate 6th grade student to learn solar system more visually. The post-test has shown that there is an increased number of student visual spatial intelligence, especially on solar system topic. So, it can be concluded that AR-based learning media has huge potential to facilitate student to learn such topics related to space and the like.
Abstrak
Artikel ini menggambarkan upaya pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis Augmented Reality (AR) untuk meningkatkan kecerdasan spasial visual siswa. Jenis kemampuan ini penting bagi siswa untuk memahami subjek atau topik yang berkaitan dengan konsep ruang, karena untuk sepenuhnya memahami gambar, siswa harus membayangkan bentuk dan ruang dari objek tersebut. Kurangnya media pembelajaran di banyak sekolah menyebabkan kurangnya pemahaman siswa tentang topik tersebut. Berdasarkan masalah di atas, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Research & Development (R & D) untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis AR untuk memfasilitasi siswa kelas 6 belajar tata surya secara lebih visual. Hasil post-test telah menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kemampuan spasial visual siswa, terutama pada topik tata surya. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis AR memiliki potensi besar untuk memfasilitasi siswa mempelajari topik-topik yang berkaitan dengan ruang dan sejenisnya.
Glutamine metabolism in the proliferation of GS-expression pituitary tumor cells
Authors: Hu Jintao , Chen Qingbo , Ding Xiao , Zheng Xin , Tang Xuefeng , Li Song , Yang Hui 
Published: February 2020

Objective
Many cancer cells cannot survive without exogenous glutamine (Gln); however, cancer cells expressing glutamine synthetase (GS) do not have this restriction. Previous metabolomics studies have indicated that glutamine metabolism is altered during pituitary tumorigenesis. However, the main role of Gln in pituitary adenoma (PA) pathophysiology remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of GS and the main role of Gln in human PAs.

Methods
We used cell proliferation assay and flow cytometry to assess the effect of Gln depletion on three different pituitary cell lines and human primary PA cells. We then investigated the expression level of Gln synthetase (GS) in 24 human PA samples. At last, we used LC-MS/MS to identify the differences in metabolites of PA cells after the blockage of both endogenous and exogenous Gln.

Results
PA cell lines showed different sensitivities to Gln starvation, and the sensitivity is correlated with GS expression level. GS expressed in 21 out of the 24 human PA samples. Furthermore, a positive p53 and ki-67 index was correlated with a higher GS expression level (P < 0.05). Removal of both endogenous and exogenous Gln from GS-expressing PA cells resulted in blockage of nucleotide metabolism and cell cycle arrest.

Conclusions
Our data indicate that GS is needed for PA cells to undergo proliferation during Gln deprivation, and most human PA cells express GS and might have a negative response to exogenous Gln depletion. Moreover, Gln is mainly responsible for nucleotide metabolism in the proliferation of GS-expressing pituitary tumor cells.
Drenaje peritoneal como tratamiento de la ascitis maligna, una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Fiscal Idrobo Lucely Marisel , Salazar Victoria Eugenia , Oviedo Segura Cindy Paola , Gavilán Martínez Diana Milena , Carmona Montoya Xiomara 
Published: February 2020

Introducción: La ascitis maligna es la acumulación anormal de fluido en la cavidad peritoneal como consecuencia de patologías como el cáncer, además es un factor desencadenante de clúster de síntomas (dolor, disnea, pérdida de apetito, náuseas, reducción a la movilidad y cambios en el aspecto físico) que se convierten en un problema clínico de difícil manejo. Dentro de los tratamientos encaminados al mejoramiento de esta condición se encuentra la paracentesis terapéutica, procedimiento médico cuya técnica se hace mediante drenaje y que en ocasiones se requiere practicar de manera repetitiva, pudiendo ser un síntoma refractario que conlleva al requerimiento de la implantación de un catéter peritoneal como una medida paliativa para el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida del paciente y su familia. Materiales y Métodos: Se realiza una revisión de la literatura existente, estableciéndose una búsqueda inicial donde se obtuvieron 747 artículos de los cuales se incluyen 277 potencialmente relevantes, a los que se le verificaron el cumplimiento de los criterios de inclusión, y posterior a la depuración de la información y de eliminar artículos duplicados y se incluyeron en la revisión los 8 estudios que cumplieron la totalidad de estos parámetros. Resultados: La técnica del catéter peritoneal es 100% exitosa, no presenta complicaciones inmediatas, óptima medida paliativa para los pacientes con ascitis refractaria permitiendo más de 30 días de durabilidad del dispositivo, además, de un fácil uso por profesionales, paciente y familia, permitiendo un manejo ambulatorio que disminuye costos, reingresos por complicaciones tardías potencialmente prevenibles e identificables como lo son filtración, desplazamiento, infecciones, oclusión del dispositivo hospitalarios y proporcionando confort y control de síntomas de manera inmediata. Discusión y Conclusiones: Con los resultados expuestos en la presente revisión se define el catéter peritoneal óptimo en el manejo de la ascitis maligna como medida paliativa. En el tratamiento de esta y de los demás síntomas desencadenados en pacientes con patologías oncológicas avanzadas, permitiendo un mejoramiento en la calidad de vida de las personas.
Como citar este artículo: Fiscal LM, Salazar VE, Oviedo CP, Gavilán DM, Carmona X. Drenaje peritoneal como tratamiento de la ascitis maligna, una revisión de la literatura. Rev Cuid. 2020; 11(1): e919. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.919