bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of person‐centred care on job productivity, job satisfaction and organisational commitment among employees in long‐term care facilities
Authors: Huang Ching‐Yuan , Weng Rhay‐Hung , Wu Tsung‐Chin , Hsu Ching‐Tai , Hung Chiu‐Hsia , Tsai Yu‐Chen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAim and ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the effects of person‐centred care on their job productivity, job satisfaction and organisational commitment among employees in long‐term care facilities.BackgroundPerson‐centred care has been regarded as the best caregiving model for long‐term care facilities. Few studies tested the impact of person‐centred care on employee performance.DesignA cross‐sectional study was employed.MethodsThis study sent 373 samples with self‐report questionnaires to the employees of sixteen long‐term care facilities in Taiwan. A total of 366 valid samples were collected. A 33‐item person‐centred care questionnaire with Likert‐scale responses was developed to assess the extent of person‐centred care. We adopted hierarchical multiple regression analysis to test the impact of person‐centred care on employee performance. We adopted the STROBE guidelines.ResultsFriendly environment level and personalised care, respectively, scored the highest with a mean of 4.19 among five dimensions of person‐centred care. Personalised care, residents' self‐realisation and relationships, and organisational support had significant positive correlations with job productivity. Friendly environment level and organisational support had significant correlations with job satisfaction. Friendly environment level, residents' self‐realisation and relationships, and organisational support had significant correlations with organisational commitment.ConclusionPerson‐centred care has beneficial impact on job satisfaction, job productivity and organisational commitment of employees in long‐term care facilities.Relevance to clinical practicePerson‐centred care appears to be a crucial factor of employee performance in long‐term care facilities. The five‐dimensional person‐centred care questionnaire in this study can serve as an important management tool for improving the effectiveness of person‐centred care.
Prenatal diagnosis of midgut volvulus with jejunal atresia by ultrasonography
Authors: Chen Dan , Tam Kwong Ho , Zhang Yulan , Xiao Shangjie , Yang Chaoxiang , Tang Xuezhen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPrenatal midgut volvulus is difficult to diagnose, and it is particularly difficult to evaluate the degree of rotation, which may be related to prognosis. We present a rare case of prenatal midgut volvulus with a 720° rotation around the superior mesenteric artery diagnosed based on ultrasonography, and jejunal atresia was noted at the same time. This condition was supported by prenatal magnetic resonance imaging and the subsequent postnatal operation. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous literature describing similar ultrasound findings in the prenatal period. Recognition of the color Doppler ultrasound imaging findings can help elucidate the relationship among the twisted vessels of midgut volvulus during the prenatal examination.
QTL‐seq identifies BnaFT.A02 and BnaFLC.A02 as candidates for variation in vernalization requirement and response in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)
Authors: Tudor Eleri H. , Jones D. Marc , He Zhesi , Bancroft Ian , Trick Martin , Wells Rachel , Irwin Judith A. , Dean Caroline 
Published: May 2020

SummaryWinter, spring and biennial varieties of Brassica napus that vary in vernalization requirement are grown for vegetable and oil production. Here, we show that the obligate or facultative nature of the vernalization requirement in European winter oilseed rape is determined by allelic variation at a 10 Mbp region on chromosome A02. This region includes orthologues of the key floral regulators FLOWERING LOCUS C (BnaFLC.A02) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (BnaFT.A02). Polymorphism at BnaFLC.A02 and BnaFT.A02, mostly in cis‐regulatory regions, results in distinct gene expression dynamics in response to vernalization treatment. Our data suggest allelic variation at BnaFT.A02 is associated with flowering time in the absence of vernalization, while variation at BnaFLC.A02 is associated with flowering time under vernalizing conditions. We hypothesize selection for BnaFLC.A02 and BnaFT.A02 gene expression variation has facilitated the generation of European winter oilseed rape varieties that are adapted to different winter climates. This knowledge will allow for the selection of alleles of flowering time regulators that alter the vernalization requirement of oilseed rape, informing the generation of new varieties with adapted flowering times and improved yields.
Effect of semen extenders and storage time on quality of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) drake semen during the entire reproductive season
Authors: Łukaszewicz Ewa , Jerysz Anna , Chełmońska Bronisława 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAvian semen dilution with appropriate extender allows to prolong the fertilizing ability of sperm stored in vitro. In the present study, the impact of extenders and time of storage on morphology of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) drake semen were examined. Semen was collected twice a week, using male stimulation by a female method, from 12 adults (29 weeks old) drakes kept individually in cages, under controlled environmental conditions. Freshly collected, pooled ejaculates were divided into three part: neat undiluted sample, and diluted 1:1 with Schramm (SCH) or Watanabe (W) extender and stored at 4°C. Morphological examination of all samples was conducted after dilution and then, after 3 and 6 hr of storage. The storage of undiluted semen caused decrease (p ≤ .01) in live morphologically normal sperm, from 79.73% in the freshly collected ejaculates to 55.75% and to 12.12% after 3 and 6 hr of storage, respectively (average calculated for the entire reproductive season). In the semen diluted with Schramm's extender the adequate values attained 86.84, 79.65 and 61.66%, and using Watanabe extender 84.77, 83.58 and 75.25%, respectively. The period of semen storage and the type of extender caused significant (p ≤ 0,05; p ≤ 0,01) changes in sperm morphology. The longer period of storage contributed to the decrease in number of morphologically normal sperm, whereas their content in Watanabe extender after 3 and 6 hr of storage was higher (p ≤ .01) than in semen diluted in Schramm extender.
Evolution of feeding habits of sap beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) and placement of Calonecrinae
Authors: Lee Min Hyeuk , Lee Seunghyun , Leschen Richard A. B. , Lee Seunghwan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractNitidulidae includes some 4500 species under 350 genera in ten subfamilies, making it the most species‐rich family in Cucujoidea. In this study, we present a phylogeny of the family based on five gene regions (COI, 28s, CAD, H3, Wingless) for 73 ingroup taxa representing nine of the ten currently recognized subfamilies of Nitidulidae, including the enigmatic subfamily Calonecrinae. Our results are consistent with a prior molecular study that recovered (i) paraphyletic Nitidulinae with the inclusion of Meligethinae and Cillaeinae and (ii) subfamilial status of Prometopiinae. The molecular phylogenetic position of Calonecrinae is recovered for the first time, as a sister taxon to Epuraeinae. Ancestral state reconstruction of feeding behaviour indicates that the stem group nitidulids were largely mycophagous with transitions to other feeding types independently derived.
Spatially explicit models for exploring COVID‐19 lockdown strategies
Authors: O'Sullivan David , Gahegan Mark , Exeter Daniel J. , Adams Benjamin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article describes two spatially explicit models created to allow experimentation with different societal responses to the COVID‐19 pandemic. We outline the work to date on modeling spatially explicit infective diseases and show that there are gaps that remain important to fill. We demonstrate how geographical regions, rather than a single, national approach, are likely to lead to better outcomes for the population. We provide a full account of how our models function, and how they can be used to explore many different aspects of contagion, including: experimenting with different lockdown measures, with connectivity between places, with the tracing of disease clusters, and the use of improved contact tracing and isolation. We provide comprehensive results showing the use of these models in given scenarios, and conclude that explicitly regionalized models for mitigation provide significant advantages over a “one‐size‐fits‐all” approach. We have made our models, and their data, publicly available for others to use in their own locales, with the hope of providing the tools needed for geographers to have a voice during this difficult time.
Antimicrobial resistance and recurrent bacterial urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients following kidney transplantation: A single‐center experience
Authors: Greissman Samantha , Mattiazzi Adela , Mendoza Maria , Natori Yoichiro , Grady Mackenzie , Quinonez Jose , Zukerman Ryan , Camargo Jose F. , Morris Michele I. , Simkins Jacques , Guerra Giselle , Abbo Lilian M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeThe burden of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and risk factors for developing infections with multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs) post‐kidney transplantation (KT) are poorly understood.MethodsSingle‐center retrospective cohort study (January 2015‐December 2017) evaluating first and recurrent episodes of bacteriuria and subsequent analysis of episodes caused by MDROs up to 6 months post‐KT. Donor and recipient variables were reviewed.ResultsA total of 743 adults underwent single KT during the study period, and 106 patients were hospitalized with bacteriuria. 45% were asymptomatic in their first episode. 73.6% had a single episode, and 26.4% had 2 or more episodes. A total of 28 patients had recurrent episodes; 64.3% had an MDRO on the first episode and 78.6% on the second episode. Escherichia coli was the most common organism isolated, 88.5% were resistant to trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (TMP‐SMX), 9.3% were extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase (ESBL) producers, and 38.1% were MDROs. Body mass index ≥30 was significantly associated with the presence of MDROs in both univariate and multivariate analyses (RR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01‐1.88; OR 3.26, CI 1.29‐8.25). A total of 12 donors had bacteremia or bacteriuria and 6 (50%) with E coli. A total of 10 KT recipients received antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent donor‐derived infections.ConclusionsOur results suggest that a significant proportion of patients develop recurrent bacteriuria post‐transplantation; of those, more than half caused by MDROs. There is a possible association between obesity and MDROs in KT recipients that merits further investigation. With the global crisis in antimicrobial resistance, innovative strategies are needed to prevent and treat UTIs in KT patients.
A scoping review of world Englishes in the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Hillman Sara , Selvi Ali Fuad , Yazan Bedrettin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study presents the first scoping review (Arksey & O'Malley, 2005; Levac, Colquhoun, & O'Brien, 2010) of world Englishes (WE) research in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) – providing a knowledge synthesis of studies related to the sociolinguistic dynamics and realities of English(es) in one of the most underexplored WE contexts. Although the burgeoning research on English in the region focuses on macro sociolinguistic issues, language policy and planning, and language teaching and learning, there is a pressing need for a systematic investigation of scholarship with an exclusive WE perspective (Mahboob, 2013). On this premise, we map the body of WE literature pertinent to this region during the last two decades (2000–2019). We provide an overview of the state of the research activity, helping to identify the knowledge gaps and determine a fruitful research agenda for scholars interested in the diverse issues of WE in the MENA region.
Elbow proprioception is normal in patients with a congenital absence of functional muscle spindles
Authors: Smith Lyndon , Norcliffe‐Kaufmann Lucy , Palma Jose‐Alberto , Kaufmann Horacio , Macefield Vaughan G. 
Published: May 2020

Key points
Individuals with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III (HSAN III), also known as Riley–Day syndrome or familial dysautonomia, do not have functional muscle spindle afferents but do have essentially normal cutaneous mechanoreceptors.
Lack of muscle spindle feedback from the legs may account for the poor proprioception at the knee and the ataxic gait typical of HSAN III.
Given that functional muscle spindle afferents are also absent in the upper limb, we assessed whether proprioception at the elbow was likewise compromised.
Passive joint angle matching showed that proprioception was normal at the elbow, suggesting that individuals with HSAN III rely more on cutaneous afferents around the elbow.
AbstractHereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III (HSAN III) is a rare neurological condition that features a marked ataxic gait that progressively worsens over time. We have shown that functional muscle spindle afferents are absent in the upper and lower limbs in HSAN III, and we have argued that this may account for the ataxia. We recently used passive joint angle matching to demonstrate that proprioception of the knee joint is very poor in HSAN III but can be improved towards normal by application of elastic kinesiology tape across the knee joints, which we attribute to the presence of intact cutaneous mechanoreceptors. Here we assessed whether proprioception was equally compromised at the elbow joint, and whether it could be improved through taping. Proprioception at the elbow joint was assessed using passive joint angle matching in 12 HSAN III patients and 12 age‐matched controls. There was no difference in absolute error, gradient or correlation coefficient of the relationship between joint angles of the reference and indicator arms. Unlike at the knee, taping did not improve elbow proprioception in either group. Clearly, the lack of muscle spindles compromised proprioception at the knee but not at the elbow, and we suggest that the HSAN III patients rely more on proprioceptive signals from the skin around the elbow.
Local Constitutive Behavior of Undermatched Welded Joints in Pipeline Steel Using Digital Image Correlation Technology
Authors: Wu X. , Shuai J. , Xu K. , Lv Z. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Although the identification of local constitutive behaviors is possible based on digital image correlation (DIC), few studies have been reported that characterize the properties of the girth-welded joints of pipeline steel. The DIC technique was used to measure the strain fields of undermatched girth-welded joints of X80 pipeline steel under uniaxial tension in this paper. First, microstructure optical observations and micrometer hardness measurements were used to test the size and hardness of the subregions in the specimens. Second, the local strain data in different regions of the girth-welded joint were obtained via DIC technology, and the stress data were obtained via uniaxial tensile tests. Then, the stress–strain relationships of the weld metal (WM), base metal (BM), and subregions of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the girth-welded joints of pipeline steel were obtained. Finally, the constitutive parameters of the Ramberg–Osgood model in the different regions were determined by curve fitting of the strain and stress data. The local yield strength, elastic modulus, and hardening exponent of the welded joints were obtained. The yield stresses of the different subregions of the welded steel joint followed the sequence BM &gt; WM &gt; HAZ, which was consistent with the results of the hardness measurements. The hardening exponents of the different subregions of the welded steel joint followed the sequence HAZ &gt; WM&gt; BM.
Nonsmooth Dynamics of a Gear–Wheelset System of Railway Vehicles Under Traction/Braking Conditions
Authors: Wang Jinhai , Yang Jianwei , Zhao Yue , Bai Yongliang , He Yuping 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Gear–wheelset system is a crucial substructure in railway vehicles which affects the operation safety and system reliability, especially in the process of traction and braking conditions. Unlike the general gear transmission system, the gear–wheelset system of railway vehicles operates under an environment with several nonsmooth factors; therefore, it is necessary to analyze the nonsmooth dynamics of the gear–wheelset system for understanding dynamic characteristics better. Herein, a planar dynamic model of the gear–wheelset system of railway vehicles considering motor-driving torque, braking torque, wheel–rail nonlinear interaction forces, nonlinear meshing damping, and piecewise continuous time-varying meshing stiffness is proposed. Then, the proposed model is validated by a simpack model using wheelset's longitudinal velocity. Subsequently, two numerical simulations were performed to reveal the nonsmooth dynamic characteristics under traction and braking conditions. The simulation results indicate that the dynamic stationary point exists in nonsmooth dynamics under traction and braking conditions, which is a critical boundary for transiting any state to a dynamic equilibrium. Besides, the results exhibit the inseparable relationship between time-frequency dynamic characteristics, slip velocity, and wheel–rail nonlinear interaction forces. The effects of harmonic torque under traction conditions and compound braking behavior under braking conditions significantly affect these dynamic characteristics. Additionally, sufficient driving torque can increase the proportion of forward contact and improve the smoothness of the rotation, and the intermittent gear contact phenomenon occurs alternately and frequently in the traction condition. Conversely, only reverse contact occurs in the braking condition.
Interfacial Behavior of Flux Residues and Its Impact on Copper/Underfill Adhesion in Microelectronic Packaging
Authors: Andre John S. , Ulrich Nathan , Ji Karen , Chen Zhan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn the micro-electronics industry, flux treatment on copper is an important procedure to ensure maximum adhesion to copper. In this research, sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy has been applied to investigate molecular behavior of flux molecules at buried copper and underfill (UF) interfaces in situ. SFG is a second-order nonlinear optical spectroscopic technique, which can provide molecular structural information of surfaces and interfaces with a submonolayer interface specificity. Two model fluxes, adipic acid and phenylacetic acid, and a commercial no-clean flux were examined. Without washing or heating the surface of flux-treated copper, the buried interfaces between copper (treated with flux) and UF are dominated by ordered epoxy in UF. Washing or heating the surface of flux-treated copper leads to disordered copper/UF interfaces, greatly increasing the adhesion. The buried interfacial structures obtained from SFG results are well correlated to the adhesion strengths measured using the lap shear testing method. This research demonstrates the importance of the washing or heating steps of substrate surfaces to increase the interfacial adhesion.
Fatigue Properties and Microstructure of SnAgCu Bi-Based Solder Joint
Authors: Jian Minghong , Su Sinan , Hamasha Sa'd , Hamasha Mohammad M. , Alkhazali Atif 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe reliability of solder joints plays a critical role in electronic assemblies. SnAgCu solder alloys with doped elements such as Bi and Sb is one of the candidates for high reliability applications. However, the mechanical and fatigue properties of the actual solder joint structure have not been studied for these new alloys. In this paper, a cyclic fatigue test was conducted on individual real solder joints of different alloys, including SnAgCu, SnCu–Bi, SnAgCu–Bi, and SnAgCu–BiSb. The fatigue property of those solder joints was analyzed based on the characteristic fatigue life and stress–strain, hysteresis, loops. The results show that solder joints with both Ag and Bi content have a better fatigue resistance than the solder joints with Ag or Bi content only. The results of SnAgCu and SnCu–Bi solder alloys show similar fatigue performance. Also, the fatigue performance of SnAgCu–Bi is close to SnAgCu–BiSb in the accelerated test. But the SnAgCu–Bi alloy is estimated to have a longer characteristic life under low-stress amplitude cycling. The microstructure analysis shows a bismuth-rich phase formed around the Ag3Sn precipitates. Adding bismuth in the solder alloy can significantly improve the fatigue properties through solid solution hardenings. On another hand, the plastic strain range and work dissipation were measured from the hysteresis loops for all tests. The Morrow Energy and the Coffin–Manson models were developed from the fitted data to predict the fatigue life as a function of work dissipation and plastic strain range.
Normative Data for Sweat Rate and Whole-Body Sodium Concentration in Athletes Indigenous to Tropical Climate
Authors: Rivera-Brown Anita M. , Quiñones-González José R. 
Published: May 2020

This study determined normative data for sweat rate (SR) and whole-body (WB) sweat sodium concentration [Na+] in athletes indigenous to a tropical climate, categorized by age, gender, and sport classification. We analyzed data from 556 athletes (386 adult and 170 young) in endurance (END), team/ball (TBA), and combat (COM) sports exercising in tropical environments (wet bulb globe temperature = 29.4 ± 2.1 °C). SR was calculated from change in body weight corrected for urine output and fluid/food intake. Sweat was collected using absorbent patches, and regional [Na+] was determined using an ion selective analyzer and normalized to WB sweat [Na+]. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. SR was higher in males compared with females in both young (24.2 ± 7.7 ml·kg−1·hr−1 vs. 16.7 ± 5.7 ml·kg−1·hr−1) and adult (22.8 ± 7.4 ml·kg−1·hr−1 vs. 18.6 ± 7.0 ml·kg−1·hr−1) athletes, in END sports in girls (END = 19.1 ± 6.0 ml·kg−1·hr−1; TBA = 14.6 ± 4.5 ml·kg−1·hr−1), and in adult males (END = 25.2 ± 6.3 ml·kg−1·hr−1; TBA = 19.1 ± 7.2 ml·kg−1·hr−1; COM = 18.4 ± 8.5 ml·kg−1·hr−1) and females (END = 23.5 ± 5.6 ml·kg−1·hr−1; TBA = 14.2 ± 5.2 ml·kg−1·hr−1; COM = 15.3 ± 5.2 ml·kg−1·hr−1); p < .05. WB sweat [Na+] was higher in adult athletes than in young athletes (43 ± 10 mmol/L vs. 40 ± 9 mmol/L, p < .05). These norms provide a reference range for low, low average, average high, and high SR and WB sweat [Na+], which serve as a guide for fluid replacement for athletes who live and train in the tropics.