bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Implementation of FDG-PET/CT and Staging Laparoscopy for Gastric Cancer in The Netherlands
Authors: Gertsen Emma C. , Borggreve Alicia S. , Brenkman Hylke J. F. , Verhoeven Rob H. A. , Vegt Erik , van Hillegersberg Richard , Siersema Peter D. , Ruurda Jelle P. ,   on behalf of the Dutch Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Audit (DUCA) Group
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
The role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) and staging laparoscopy (SL) has increased in the preoperative staging of gastric cancer. Dutch national guidelines have recommended the use of FDG-PET/CT and SL for patients with locally advanced tumors since July 2016.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation of FDG-PET/CT and SL in The Netherlands.

Methods
Between 2011 and 2018, all patients who underwent surgery for gastric cancer were included from the Dutch Upper GI Cancer Audit. The use of FDG-PET/CT and SL was evaluated before and after revision of the Dutch guidelines. Outcomes included the number of non-curative procedures (e.g. palliative and futile procedures) and the association of FDG-PET/CT and SL, with waiting times from diagnosis to the start of treatment.

Results
A total of 3310 patients were analyzed. After July 2016, the use of FDG-PET/CT (23% vs. 61%; p < 0.001) and SL (21% vs. 58%; p < 0.001) increased. FDG-PET/CT was associated with additional waiting time to neoadjuvant therapy (4 days), as well as primary surgical treatment (20 days), and SL was associated with 8 additional days of waiting time to neoadjuvant therapy. Performing SL or both modalities consecutively in patients in whom it was indicated was not associated with the number of non-curative procedures.

Conclusion
During implementation of FDG-PET/CT and SL after revision of the guidelines, both have increasingly been used in The Netherlands. The addition of these staging methods was associated with increased waiting time to treatment. The number of non-curative procedures did not differ after performing none, solely one, or both staging modalities.
Investigating and evaluating evidence of the behavioural determinants of adherence to social distancing measures – A protocol for a scoping review of COVID-19 research
Authors: Noone Chris , Warner Nikolett , Byrne Molly , Durand Hannah , Lavoie Kim L. , McGuire Brian E. , McSharry Jenny , Meade Oonagh , Morrissey Eimear , Molloy Gerry , O'Connor Laura , Toomey Elaine 
Published: September 2020

Background: The WHO has declared the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic. With no vaccine currently available, using behavioural measures to reduce the spread of the virus within the population is an important tool in mitigating the effects of this pandemic. As such, social distancing measures are being implemented globally and have proven an effective tool in slowing the large-scale spread of the virus. Aim: This scoping review will focus on answering key questions about the state of the evidence on the behavioural determinants of adherence to social distancing measures in research on COVID-19. Methods: A scoping review will be conducted in accordance with guidelines for best practice. Literature searches will be conducted using online databases and grey literature sources. Databases will include Medline, Web of Science, Embase and PsycInfo, alongside relevant pre-print servers. Grey literature will be searched on Google Scholar. Screening, data extraction and quality appraisal will be conducted by members of the research team, with any discrepancies resolved by consensus discussion. Quality appraisal will be conducted using the Cochrane’s ROBINS-I tool, the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, and the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist where appropriate. Results will be analysed by mapping findings onto the Theoretical Domains Framework and visualising characteristics of the included studies using EviAtlas. This scoping review is pre-registered with Open Science Framework. Conclusions The results of this study may facilitate the systematic development of behavioural interventions to increase adherence to social distancing measures.
The history of femoroacetabular impingement
Authors: Matsumoto Kenki , Ganz Reinhold , Khanduja Vikas 
Published: September 2020

AimsFemoroacetabular impingement (FAI) describes abnormal bony contact of the proximal femur against the acetabulum. The term was first coined in 1999; however what is often overlooked is that descriptions of the morphology have existed in the literature for centuries. The aim of this paper is to delineate its origins and provide further clarity on FAI to shape future research.MethodsA non-systematic search on PubMed was performed using keywords such as “impingement” or “tilt deformity” to find early anatomical descriptions of FAI. Relevant references from these primary studies were then followed up.ResultsAlthough FAI has existed for almost 5,000 years, the anatomical study by Henle in 1855 was the first to describe it in the literature. The relevance of the deformity was not appreciated at the time but this triggered the development of further anatomical studies. Parallel to this, Poland performed the first surgical correction of FAI in 1898 and subsequently, descriptions of similar procedures followed. In 1965, Murray outlined radiological evidence of idiopathic cam-type deformities and highlighted its significance. This led to a renewed focus on FAI and eventually, Ganz et al released their seminal paper that has become the foundation of our current understanding of FAI. Since then, there has been an exponential rise in published literature but finding a consensus, especially in the diagnosis of FAI, has proven to be difficult.ConclusionCurrent research on FAI heavily focuses on new data, but old evidence does exist and studying it could be equally as important in clarifying the aetiology and classification of FAI. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(9):572–577.
UV-vis spectroscopic studies of low-energy argon-ion-bombarded ion-exchanged glasses
Authors: Zhang Wenjie , Zhao Zhimin , Xie Zijuan , Liu Zhenlu , Yu Xiaoyan 
Published: September 2020

The ion-exchanged glasses bombarded with 80 eV, 100 eV, and 120 eV argon ions at room temperature are investigated. The optical and structural properties of ion-exchanged glasses before and after bombardment were analyzed by means of a UV-vis spectrometer, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron probe micro analysis, respectively. The optical absorption and transmittance spectra of ion-exchanged glasses appear as obvious changes in the UV-visible region after bombardment. The optical absorption band and transmittance properties of ion-exchanged glasses at about 369–900 nm are less sensitive to the ion bombardment energy than that at about 200–280 nm. The changes in binding energy shift and peak area ratios of non-bridging oxygen and bridging oxygen contributions to the O 1s lines were observed with increasing ion beam bombardment energy. Accompanied with out-diffusion of potassium cations during argon ion bombardment, the peak of potassium cations concentration in the exchanged region decreases and moves into the interior of glasses in different degrees. The results show that variation of structure and optical properties of the ion-exchanged glasses are indicative of alterations of the silicate network structure induced by argon ion bombardment, which provide important information for application of the ion-exchanged glasses.
Numerical investigation of an ultra-broadband, wide-angle, and polarization-independent metasurface light absorber
Authors: Zhang Ke , Deng Ruixiang , Song Lixin , Zhang Tao 
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we propose and numerically investigate an ultra-broadband, wide-angle, and polarization-independent metasurface absorber based on periodic hexagon-latticed titanium (Ti) nanoring arrays over a continuous Ti film. The proposed absorber can achieve more than 90% absorptivity under normal incidence, ranging from 350 to 1453 nm, and the average absorption is up to 95.6%. Additionally, the absorptivity still remained beyond 70% when the incident angles varied from 0° to 60°. The simulations of electric field distributions indicate that the broadband absorption performance can be ascribed to the superposition of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) originated from the nanopillars and nanoholes, respectively. The proposed approach is simple and inexpensive, and the metal material is optional. Therefore, we believe that the proposed absorber will be a candidate for many potential applications, such as thermophotovoltaic cells, thermal emitters, and optoelectronic devices.
Highly efficient optical antenna with small beam divergence in silicon waveguides
Authors: Ginel-Moreno Pablo , Pereira-Martín Daniel , Hadij-ElHouati Abdelfettah , Ye Winnie N. , Melati Daniele , Xu Dan-Xia , Janz Siegfried , Ortega-Moñux Alejandro , Wangüemert-Pérez J. Gonzalo , Halir Robert , Molina-Fernández Íñigo , Schmid Jens H. , Cheben Pavel 
Published: September 2020

Optical antennas are key components in optical phased arrays for light detection and ranging technology requiring long sensing range and high scanning resolution. To achieve a narrow beam width in the far-field region, antenna lengths of several millimeters or more are required. To date, such long antennas have been impossible to achieve in silicon waveguides because currently demonstrated technologies do not allow accurate control of grating strength. Here, we report on a new type of surface-emitting silicon waveguide with a dramatically increased antenna length of

L
=

3.65

m
m

. This is achieved by using a subwavelength metamaterial waveguide core evanescently coupled with radiative segments laterally separated from the core. This results in a far-field diffracted beam width of 0.025°, which is a record small beam divergence for a silicon photonics surface-emitting device. We also demonstrate that by using a design with

L

-shaped surface-emitting segments, the radiation efficiency of the antenna can be substantially increased compared to a conventional design, with an efficiency of 72% at the wavelength of 1550 nm.
Generation of Sharp Wave-Ripple Events by Disinhibition
Authors: Evangelista Roberta , Cano Gaspar , Cooper Claire , Schmitz Dietmar , Maier Nikolaus , Kempter Richard 
Published: September 2020

Sharp wave-ripple complexes (SWRs) are hippocampal network phenomena involved in memory consolidation. To date, the mechanisms underlying their occurrence remain obscure. Here, we show how the interactions between pyramidal cells, parvalbumin-positive (PV+) basket cells, and an unidentified class of anti-SWR interneurons can contribute to the initiation and termination of SWRs. Using a biophysically constrained model of a network of spiking neurons and a rate-model approximation, we demonstrate that SWRs emerge as a result of the competition between two interneuron populations and the resulting disinhibition of pyramidal cells. Our models explain how the activation of pyramidal cells or PV+cells can trigger SWRs, as shownin vitro, and suggests that PV+cell-mediated short-term synaptic depression influences the experimentally reported dynamics of SWR events. Furthermore, we predict that the silencing of anti-SWR interneurons can trigger SWRs. These results broaden our understanding of the microcircuits supporting the generation of memory-related network dynamics.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe hippocampus is a part of the mammalian brain that is crucial for episodic memories. During periods of sleep and inactive waking, the extracellular activity of the hippocampus is dominated by sharp wave-ripple events (SWRs), which have been shown to be important for memory consolidation. The mechanisms regulating the emergence of these events are still unclear. We developed a computational model to study the emergence of SWRs and to explain the roles of different cell types in regulating them. The model accounts for several previously unexplained features of SWRs and thus advances the understanding of memory-related dynamics.
Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Sr–Nd–Pb Isotope Systematics of Late Cenozoic Basanites of the Borozdin Bald Mountain (Khentei Ridge, Southern Transbaikalia)
Authors: Medvedev A.Ya. , Gornova M.A. , Dril’ S.I. , Karimov A.A. , Belyaev V.A. , Ivanov A.V. , Demonterova E.I. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
—We have estimated the P–T conditions of formation of basaltoid melts: P = 1.15–1.06 GPa and T = 1379–1293 ºC. Olivine pyroxenites (Ol + Cpx + Grt) are assumed to be a mantle source for nepheline-normative basanitic melts. During ascent, the melt trapped mantle xenoliths, which were disintegrated into olivine and augite xenocrysts. A decrease in pressure and temperature led to the crystallization of highly magnesian (Mg# = 86) olivine and diopside and Timgt + Ilm ± Pl phenocrysts. Then, the Ol + Cpx + Timgt + Pl microlite paragenesis formed. Alkaline aluminosilicates (acid plagioclase + nepheline + leucite) were the last to crystallize in the rock interstices. The presence of residual glass indicates that the last stage of crystallization took place under subsurface conditions. The volcanic area of southern Transbaikalia (Khentei Ridge) resulted, most likely, from the mantle plume impact on the lithosphere. The age of this area is estimated at 3.51 Ma. PREMA was the main mantle source for these volcanics, and the contribution of HIMU was strongly subordinate. In geochemical features the studied volcanics correspond to mafic rocks of oceanic islands. They are similar in composition to alkali basalts of the South Baikal volcanic area.
Mineralogical and Geochemical Evidence for Granite Metasomatism in Dikes in the North of the Berezovskoe Ore Field (Middle Urals)
Authors: Stepanov S.Yu. , Shagalov E.S. , Palamarchuk R.S. , Kutyrev A.V. , Sharpenok L.N. , Nabiullin F.M. , Troshkina A.N. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
—We present results of petrographic, geochemical, and mineralogical studies of apogranite metasomatites associated with sulfide–quartz gold ore veins. The studies show a predominance of muscovite and quartz–muscovite metasomatites. Formation of muscovite metasomatites was accompanied by the accumulation of W, Sc, Zr, Hf, Ga, REE, U, Th, Ta, and Nb and the genesis of new accessory minerals: monazite-(Ce), apatite, zircon, scheelite, W-containing rutile, uraninite, thorianite, cassiterite, etc. Compared with the primary granites, quartz–muscovite metasomatites are richer in Pb, Bi, As, Sb, Co, Ni, Ba, In, Cd, Mo, Te, Ag, and Au (elements of the gold ore assemblage). The high contents of these trace elements are due to abundant galena, fahlores, chalcopyrite, and pyrite among the accessory minerals. Metasomatism of granites was followed by the removal of SiO2, which was then spent for the formation of quartz veins. We have revealed that the distribution of metasomatites of different types within a dike body affects directly the distribution of sulfide–quartz veins and thus determines the ore content of the dike body fragments.
Transformation of Terrestrial Organic Matter during Mesocatagenesis and Apocatagenesis
Authors: Kontorovich A.E. , Dolzhenko K.V. , Fomin A.N. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
—A combination of modern analytical methods was used to study terrestrial organic matter from upper Paleozoic rocks in the central part of the Vulyui hemisyneclise (East Siberia) sampled from the depth interval 3370–6458 m penetrated in the Srednevilyuiskaya-27 superdeep well. In this study, we used 71 core samples to trace depth variations in the geochemical characteristics of organicmatter during middle–late mesocatagenesis and apocatagenesis: organic carbon content (Corg), Rock-Eval pyrolysis parameters (HI, Тmax), carbon isotope composition, thermal maturity (RVto, %), hydrocarbon type composition (hydrocarbons, resins, and asphaltenes), distributions of n-alkanes (TIC), steranes (m/z 217), and terpanes (m/z 191), and standard biomarker indices with increasing degree of thermal maturity. It is shown that during late mesocatagenesis and apocatagenesis, the pyrolysis parameters and biomarker indicators are no longer effective as indicators of organic-matter maturity and genesis.
Sociodemographic, Lifestyle and Medical Factors Associated with Helicobacter Pylori Infection
Authors: Razuka-Ebela Danute , Polaka Inese , Parshutin Sergei , Santare Daiga , Ebela Inguna , Murillo Raul , Herrero Rolando , Tzivian Lilian , Young Park Jin , Leja Marcis 
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is higher in developing countries and is often linked to lower socioeconomic status. Few studies have investigated the association between H. pylori and individual level characteristics in Europe, where several countries have a high prevalence of H. pylori infection. The study aimed to identify risk factors for H. pylori infection among adults in a large clinical trial in Latvia.
Methods: 1,855 participants (40-64 years) of the “Multicenter randomized study of H. pylori eradication and pepsinogen testing for prevention of gastric cancer mortality” (GISTAR study) in Latvia tested for H. pylori IgG antibodies were included in a cross-sectional analysis. Sociodemographic, lifestyle and medical factors were compared for participants seropositive (H. pylori+) and seronegative. Mutually adjusted odds ratios (OR) were calculated for H. pylori+ and factors significant in univariate analysis (education, smoking, binge drinking, several dietary habits, history of H. pylori eradication and disease), adjusting for age, gender and income.
Results: Of the participants 1,044 (55.4%) were H. pylori seropositive. The infection was associated with current (OR: 1.34, 95%CI: 1.01-1.78) and former (OR: 1.38; 95%CI: 1.03-1.85) smoking, binge drinking (OR: 1.35; 95%CI: 1.03-1.78), having ≥200g dairy daily (OR: 1.37; 95%CI: 1.11-1.69), and very hot food/drinks (OR: 1.32; 95%CI: 1.03-1.69) and inversely with ≥400g vegetables/fruit daily (OR: 0.76; 95%CI: 0.60-0.96), history of H. pylori eradication (OR: 0.57; 95%CI: 0.39-0.84), peptic ulcer (OR: 0.55; 95%CI: 0.38-0.80) and cardiovascular disease (OR: 0.78; 95%CI: 0.61-0.99).
Conclusions: After mutual adjustment, H. pylori seropositivity was associated with lifestyle and in particular dietary factors rather than socioeconomic indicators in contrast to the majority of other studies.
Considerações sobre o impacto da COVID-19 na relação indivíduo-sociedade
Authors: Couto Marcia Thereza , Barbieri Carolina Luísa Alves , Matos Camila Carvalho de Souza Amorim 
Published: September 2020

Desde março de 2020, quando a Organização Mundial de Saúde declarou que o mundo vivia uma pandemia de COVID-19, acompanhamos um quadro sanitário sem precedentes nos últimos 100 anos. As medidas atuais contra a doença objetivam o controle da transmissão e envolvem ações individuais e sociais de higiene e distanciamento físico, enquanto a busca poruma vacina se mostra como a esperança para vencer a pandemia. Considerando o contexto social de clamor por uma nova vacina, este ensaio crítico discute o paradoxo e as contradições da relação indivíduo-sociedade no contexto da COVID-19, à luz da hesitação vacinal como fenômeno histórico e socialmente situado. Este ensaio aponta que as tomadas de decisão sobre(não) vacinar ou sobre (não) seguir as medidas preventivas e de controle da propagação da COVID-19 são conformadas por pertencimentos sociais e atravessadas por desigualdades que tendem a se exacerbar. A infodemia que cerca a COVID-19 e a hesitação vacinal reflete a tensão entre o risco cientificamente validado e o risco percebido subjetivamente, influenciado pelacrise de confiança na ciência. Percepções de risco e adesão a medidas de saúde extrapolam aspectos subjetivos e racionais e refletem valores e crenças conformados pelas dimensões política, econômica e sociocultural.
Palavras-chave: Infecções por coronavírus; vacinas; comportamento social; prevenção e mitigação.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Yapılandırmacı Öğrenme Ortamı Algıları ile Üstbiliş Farkındalık Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ALKAN İclal , BAYRİ Nevzat 
Published: September 2020

Çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin
yapılandırmacı öğrenme ortamı algıları ile üstbiliş farkındalık düzeylerinin çeşitli
değişkenler açısından incelenmesi ve aralarındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir.
Tarama modelinin kullanıldığı çalışmanın katılımcılarını 207 ortaokul öğrencisi
oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler, Arkün ve Aşkar (2010) tarafından
geliştirilen “Yapılandırmacı Öğrenme Ortamı Ölçeği” ile Sperling, Howard,
Miller ve Murphy (2002) tarafından geliştirilip, Aydın ve Ubuz (2010)
tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlaması yapılan “Bilişüstü Yetiler Envanteri” kullanılarak
toplanmıştır. Verilerin analiz
edilmesinde parametrik testlerden F Testi ve Basit Doğrusal Regresyon analizi
kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre yapılandırmacı öğrenme ortamı
algısında “Yaşamla İlgili” ve “Farklı Bakış Açıları” alt boyutlarında kız
öğrenciler lehine anlamlı fark gözlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin üstbiliş farkındalık
düzeyleri ise cinsiyete göre anlamlı şekilde farklılaşmamıştır. Araştırmanın
dikkat çekici bir diğer sonucu da sınıf düzeyi değişkenine göre öğrencilerin
yapılandırmacı öğrenme ortamı algıları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olmazken,
üstbiliş farkındalık düzeylerinin sınıf düzeyi değişkenine göre anlamlı şekilde
farklılaşmasıdır. Ortaokul öğrencilerinin yapılandırmacı öğrenme ortamı
algıları ile üstbiliş farkındalık düzeyleri arasında ise yüksek düzeyde bir
ilişki bulunmuştur.
Governing 'risky' sexualities: Representation of dementia and sexuality in the news media
Authors: Grigorovich Alisa 
Published: September 2020

Drawing on critical scholarship on sexuality, disability and gerontology, this paper examines representations of dementia and sexuality across recent North American, European and Australian news media sources. Attending to the affects mobilized within these representations demonstrates how they support the constitution of the sexualities of persons with dementia as dangerous, and thus as requiring surveillance and restriction. I argue that the media stigmatizes persons with dementia by constructing them as either sexual predators or asexual victims. The first construct explicitly incites disgust and fear towards the sexualities of men with dementia, while the second elicits a superficial form of caring towards women with dementia. Such representations preclude the recognition and support of the sexual rights of persons with dementia, including their right to experience sexual pleasure.
Economic Activities in The Auction Place of Fish (TPI) RK Ilir as a Learning Resource on Social Studies
Authors: Jawahir Jawahir , Abbas Ersis Warmansyah , Permatasari Melly Agustina 
Published: September 2020

Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) berfungsi untuk membantu bergeraknya dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan usaha para nelayan. Di Kota Banjarmasin terdapat beberapa TPI, diantaranya TPI RK Ilir terletak di Jalan RK. Ilir RT. 20 Kelurahan Pekauman, Banjarmasin Selatan, Kota Banjarmasin. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan aktivitas ekonomi di TPI RK Ilir sebagai sumber belajar IPS. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif. Observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi digunakan sebagai teknik pengumpulan data, teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian dan verifikasi data, dan uji validitas data dilakukan dengan triangulasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas ekonomi di TPI RK Ilir dimulai dari pukul 02.00 WITA sampai dengan pukul 08.00 WITA. Aktivitas ekonomi di TPI RK Ilir dibagi menjadi dua bagian, yaitu tangkapan air tawar dan air laut. Aktivitas ekonomi di TPI RK Ilir dapat diintegrasikan sebagai sumber belajar IPS di kelas VII pada materi interaksi sosial dan lembaga sosial.