bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Isolation and Loneliness in the Hearing‐Impaired Pediatric Population: A Scoping Review
Authors: Patel Shubham R. , Bouldin Emerson , Tey Ching S. , Govil Nandini , Alfonso Kristan P. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo review existing publications in order to evaluate the effect of hearing loss on social isolation and loneliness in the pediatric population.MethodsPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses for Scoping Review (PRISMA‐ScR) guidelines were followed. Eight databases were searched. Studies were independently screened and analyzed by two reviewers. Publications were included if pediatric hearing‐impaired individuals and social isolation or loneliness were studied. Discrepancies were resolved by a team of five reviewers.ResultsThirty‐three studies were included in this review. Sixty percent of studies (12/20) found that hearing loss was related to loneliness and 64.7% found that children with hearing loss experienced more social isolation (11/17). The Asher Loneliness and Dissatisfaction Questionnaire was commonly used to assess loneliness. No commonly used tool for assessing social isolation was found. Six articles found that school type was not associated with loneliness. Difficulty communicating was the most mentioned factor leading to loneliness and social isolation. Frequent recommendations to improve social integration included facilitating interactions with the hearing‐impaired and educating the nonhearing‐impaired to normalize the disability.ConclusionThe majority of studies found that hearing impairment results in a higher prevalence of social isolation and loneliness. However, an association cannot be definitively claimed due to the lack of uniform assessment tools. This review emphasizes the need for standardized methods to assess loneliness and social isolation and highlights methods to improve social integration for the hearing impaired. Laryngoscope, 131:1869–1875, 2021
Comparing microbial composition and diversity in freshwater lakes between Greenland and the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Xing Peng , Tao Ye , Jeppesen Erik , Wu Qinglong L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGreenland and the Tibetan Plateau, also known as the third pole, are both cold environments where anthropogenic activities are relatively weak. There are multitudinous lakes in both regions, especially in Greenland, where small water bodies are continuously created as glaciers retreat. It is unclear whether the community structure and community assembly mechanisms of these water bodies are consistent with those of lakes in the Tibetan Plateau that were indirectly influenced by glaciers. In addition, due to different evolution times of the lakes, differences of microbial diversity, especially at the sub‐species level, are feasible but not yet reported. Microbial compositions in lake water and sediment were investigated based on high‐throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. The oligotyping analysis revealed disproportionally distributed bacterial oligotypes in lakes between the two different areas. Moreover, microbial macrodiversity and intra‐operational taxonomic units microdiversity is significantly higher in Greenland lakes which experiencing early lake ontogeny. Microbial community composition and functionality significantly distinguished between the two regions and habitats. Multivariate analysis together with null model tests demonstrated that deterministic processes largely controlled the patterns of community structure in the sediment, while stochastic processes are more important for those in pelagic water in both regions. Microbes may be further subject to N and P co‐limitation in line with the evolution of lake ecosystems. The obtained results could help us understand evolution trajectory of these polar lakes under the future climate change scenario.
Rouse Mode Analysis of Relaxation in Polymer Blends
Authors: Li Wei , Cao Xue‐Zheng , Merlitz Holger , Wu Chen‐Xu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe relaxation spectra of the components in polymer blends determine the dynamic mechanical properties of the corresponding composite materials, which, in thermo‐rheological studies, show a delicate dependence on their chemical and physical properties as well as its bulk composition. A molecular dynamics simulation based Rouse mode analysis is performed to detect the relaxation spectra of the component chains on all length scales ranging from one monomer to the whole chain size, indicating that the bulk composition dominates the relaxation dynamics of the components in miscible polymer blends. The relaxation of component chains accelerates on all length scales as increasing the free volume available to monomers to move, with the dependence of mobility shift on composition being quantified by a Williams–Landel–Ferry like function governing the time‐composition superposition. Role of the chain connectivity induced self‐concentration effect on chain relaxation in polymer blends is discussed and proved to be limited, which leads to a visible but subtle length‐scale dependent rheological complexity as the composition is varied.
Ku‐band GaAs mHEMT MMIC and RF front‐end module for space applications
Authors: Arican Galip Orkun , Akcam Nursel , Yazgan Erdem 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article presents a Ku‐band Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) and RF front‐end module for space applications. LNA MMIC was developed with utilizing 0.07 μm GaAs m‐HEMT process. Noise Figure (NF) and gain results of LNA module were measured as 1.3 and 43 dB, respectively and OIP3 was measured as +20 dBm at the ambient temperature. The LNA module was tested in the temperature range between −25°C and 75°C and small signal gain and NF variation were less than 3 and 0.8 dB, respectively. This article describes the MMIC LNA design, mechanical chassis design, WR75 waveguide‐to‐microstrip design, and measurement results of the LNA front‐end module.
Development and psychometric properties of Iranian women childbirth experience questionnaire
Authors: Hosseini Tabaghdehi Monirolsadate , Keramat Afsaneh , Shahhosseini Zohreh , Kolahdozan Sakineh , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Motaghi Zahra 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimThis study aimed to develop and psychometrics a questionnaire for assessing childbirth experience in Iranian women.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was done in women who experienced childbirth within the last 12 hr to 2 months from May to December 2018. Questionnaire items were extracted from a comprehensive review of the available studies and questionnaires on childbirth experiences and definitions implied by qualitative interviews. The designed questionnaire was validated in three stages: face, content and construct. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the instrument.ResultIranian women childbirth experience questionnaire contained seven factors with 52 items which were called professional support, husband's and other important support, baby, preparation, fear, positive perception and control were extracted. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient after factor analysis was 0.62–0.92 and for the whole instrument was 0.91. The findings showed that Iranian women childbirth experience questionnaire was valid and reliable.
The attitudes of healthcare professionals towards nurse–physician collaboration
Authors: Hossny Eman Kamel , Sabra Hanaa Esmail 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimsThe current study aims to examine the attitudes of healthcare professionals towards nurse–physician collaboration and to explore the level of satisfaction concerning the quality of collaboration among them.DesignA descriptive comparative study design was used to demonstrate attitudes of 338 participants (158 internship nurses, 139 nurses and 41 physicians) working in intensive care units, surgical department and medical department.MethodsTwo instruments were used, socio‐demographic data sheet and Jefferson scale of attitude towards nurse–physician collaboration (JSANPC), it consisted of 15 items under 4 dimensions.ResultsThe internship nurses have the high score (38.6%) in poor level of satisfaction regarding quality of collaboration between nurses and physicians comparing to staff nurses and physicians. Physicians are satisfied (61%) with the level of collaboration between them and nurses. Staff nurses have the high positive attitude (48.45 (4.03)) towards collaboration between nurses and physicians comparing to physicians and internship nurses.ConclusionInternship nurses were not satisfied with the level of collaboration between nurses and physicians.
Clinicostatistical analyses of medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ): Evaluation of the treatment method and prognosis
Authors: Osaka Ryuta , Kato Hiroshi , Hamada Yuji , Fujimoto Yasuhiro , Mizusawa Nobuhito , Watanabe Daisuke , Kaneko Akihiro 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveMedication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is an adverse event associated with the use of antiresorptive agents such as bisphosphonate (BP) and denosumab (Dmab). The major clinical symptoms of MRONJ are progressive destruction of the jaw, prolonged pain, bone exposure, soft tissue swelling, fistula, and infections. These symptoms influence the patients’ quality of life. However, there is no consensus on the appropriate treatment approach for MRONJ. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the treatment methods and prognosis in patients with MRONJ.MethodsA total of 88 MRONJ patients were retrospectively examined. Various demographic and treatment‐related variables were examined and analyzed to determine their correlations with the prognoses.ResultsLow‐dose administration of an antiresorptive agent and surgical treatment showed better outcomes. Furthermore, among 55 patients who underwent surgical treatment, those who underwent extensive surgery experienced significantly better prognosis than those who underwent conservative surgery.ConclusionThe results of this study support the assertion that "surgical therapy is recommended for stage II to III disease" as proposed by Japanese position paper. However, the selection criteria for surgical treatment and the method of surgery may vary from one institution to another.In future, it is necessary to conduct a multi‐center research and examine the criteria for surgical treatment.
Core outcomes in gestational diabetes for treatment trials: The Gestational Metabolic Group treatment set
Authors: Bashir Mohammed , Syed Asma , Furuya‐Kanamori Luis , Musa Omran A. H. , Mohamed Aisha M. , Skarulis Monica , Thalib Lukman , Konje Justin C. , Abou‐Samra Abdul‐Badi , Doi Suhail A. R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimsWith the rising number of outcomes being reported following gestational diabetes (GDM), the outcomes in existing studies vary widely making it challenging to compare and contrast the effectiveness of different interventions for GDM. The purpose of this study was to develop a core outcome and measurement set (COS) for GDM treatment trials.Materials & MethodsA Delphi study with structured consultation with stakeholders and discussion within a specialist Gestational Metabolic Group (GEM) were combined with a comprehensive systematic search across different databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase). Several Delphi rounds over 2 years were conducted culminating in this report.ResultsThe process resulted in a targeted set of outcomes constituting a “GEM treatment set” aligned with expert opinion. The final COS also included a measurement set for the 11 important clinical outcomes from three major domains: maternal metabolic, fetal, and pregnancy related.ConclusionsBased on the results of this study, it is recommended that future clinical trials on GDM report outcomes uniformly keeping to the recommended COS outcomes.
Eating behaviors and dietary quality in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors
Authors: Chardon Marie L. , Pinto Stefania , Slayton William B. , Fisher Rachel S. , Janicke David M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundChildhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors’ increased risk for adverse health outcomes could be mitigated through consuming a balanced diet. Nonetheless, >70% of adult survivors do not meet survivorship dietary recommendations. ALL treatment may amplify risk for restricted dietary preferences (picky eating) and poor self‐regulation of food intake that could contribute to suboptimal diets in survivorship. This study aims to: (a) characterize differences in picky eating and self‐regulation of food intake between survivors and peer controls; and (b) examine the associations between these eating behaviors and dietary quality in ALL survivors relative to peer controls.MethodsParticipants were children (5‐13 years) with (n = 32) and without (n = 32) a history of ALL and their caregivers. Children's dietary quality (Healthy Eating Index‐2015) was calculated from 24‐h dietary recalls. Caregivers completed the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire‐Food Fussiness subscale and the Child Self‐Regulation in Eating Questionnaire.ResultsIndependent samples t‐tests revealed survivors exhibited greater picky eating than peer controls but comparable self‐regulation of food intake. Bootstrapped grouped multivariate regression results showed that for ALL survivors, greater picky eating was associated with worse dietary quality (controlling for age and self‐regulation of food intake). For peer controls, worse self‐regulation of food intake was associated with poorer dietary quality (controlling for picky eating and age).ConclusionsResults provide preliminary support that different eating behaviors contribute to poor dietary quality in children with and without an ALL history. These findings suggest that interventions to improve ALL survivors’ dietary quality may benefit targeting picky eating.
Quality of life in chronic pain patients: Illness‐ and wellness‐focused coping as moderators
Authors: Pereira M. Graça , Carvalho Cátia , Costa Eleonora C. V. , Leite Ângela , Almeida Valéria 
Published: December 2020

AbstractChronic pain is a health problem that significantly influences patients' lives, causing functional, social, socioeconomic, and emotional changes that impact quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to evaluate which variables (e.g., psychological morbidity, illness representations, pain, and coping) contribute to QoL and to analyse the moderating role of illness‐ and wellness‐focused coping in the relationship between pain interference and Qol, in chronic pain patients. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Chronic Pain Coping Inventory, the Short Form Health Survey, and the Brief Pain Inventory were completed by 103 patients with chronic pain. Greater use of wellness‐focused coping and being professionally active were associated with better physical QoL. Cognitive representations and illness‐focused coping contributed to physical QoL, and psychological morbidity contributed to mental QoL. Illness‐focused coping and wellness‐focused coping moderated the relationship between pain interference and physical QoL, but not with mental QoL. Since pain interference was positively related to psychological morbidity, and the latter was negatively related to QoL, it is extremely important to evaluate and promote patients' coping strategies that are focused on well‐being to improve QoL. Results from this study underline the relevance of a multidisciplinary approach to chronic pain and the need to account for psychological morbidity and coping strategies in intervention programs to promote QoL in chronic pain patients.
Neural network‐based hybrid models developed for free radical polymerization of styrene
Authors: Ghiba Luciana , Drăgoi Elena Niculina , Curteanu Silvia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the present work, the free radical polymerization of styrene is modeled by considering the phenomenology of the process (a simplified model, which does not include the diffusional effects, gel, and glass effects) in combination with an empirical model represented by an artificial neural network. Differential evolution (DE) algorithm, belonging to the class of evolutionary algorithms, is applied for developing the neural models in optimal forms. For improving the results—predicted conversion and molecular weights as function of time, temperature, and initiator concentration—different combinations between phenomenological model and neural network are tested; also, individual and stacked neural networks have been developed for the polymerization process. This methodology based on hybrid models, including neural networks aggregated in stacks, provides accurate results.
A modus operandi toward interfacial enhancement of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber/ polybenzoxazine blends using EPDM‐grafted‐vinyltrimethoxysilane copolymer
Authors: Karbalaei‐Bagher Milad , Ahmadi Zahed , Nazockdast Hossein 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCompatibilization of polymer blends is performed to obtain synergistic effects in physical and mechanical properties. The present work demonstrates the ability of vinyltrimethoxysilane‐grafted‐ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (VTMS‐g‐EPDM) to improve the compatibility between EPDM and polybenzoxazine (PB). EPDM reacted with 5 phr of VTMS showed the highest grafting efficiency as well as a relatively low gel content, and was added to EPDM/PB blends. The addition of 8 phr of compatibilizer to 70/30 (w/w) EPDM/PB reduced the dispersed PB droplet size from 3.1 μm to 800 nm. Effects of various blend compositions at constant dosage of compatibilizer (8 phr) on the swelling behavior and tensile properties of the samples were also studied. The tensile strength increased from 12 to 14.5 MPa upon adding the compatibilizer at 50/50 blend ratio of EPDM/PB; however, the increase in the PB content had no significant impact on the tensile strength in both compatibilized and non‐compatibilized samples.
Ligand‐induced transition in conformations of vicinal cysteine disulfides in proteins
Authors: Reddy K. Kasi Amarnath , Jayashree Muddagoni , Govindu Panchada Ch V. , Gowd Konkallu Hanumae 
Published: December 2020

AbstractVicinal cysteine disulfides are thought to be associated with specific conformations of cysteine disulfides due to the restricted rotation of single bonds in an eight‐membered cyclic disulfide loop. Conformations of vicinal cysteine disulfides are analyzed using χ1, χ2, χ3, χ2', χ1' torsion angles in the crystal structures of proteins retrieved from Protein Data Bank (PDB). 85% of vicinal disulfides have (+, −)LHStaple conformation with trans configuration of the peptide bond and 9% have (−, −)RHStaple conformation with cis configured peptide bond. Conformational analysis of dipeptide Cys‐Cys vicinal disulfide by density functional theory (DFT) further supported (+, −)LHStaple, (−, −)RHStaple, and (+, +)RHStaple as the preferred conformations of vicinal disulfides. Interestingly, the rare conformations of vicinal disulfides are observed in the ligand‐bound forms of proteins and have higher disulfide strain energy. Conformations of vicinal disulfides in palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1, AChBP, and α7 nicotinic receptor are changed from preferred (+, −)LHStaple to rare (+, −)AntiLHHook/(+, −)AntiRHHook/(+, +)RHStaple conformation due to binding of ligands. Surprisingly, ligands are proximal to the vicinal disulfides in protein complexes that exhibited rare conformations of vicinal disulfides. The report has identified (+, −) LHStaple/(−, −) RHStaple as the hallmark conformations of vicinal disulfides and unraveled ligand‐induced transition in conformations of vicinal cysteine disulfides in proteins.
Ca2+ as cofactor of the mitochondrial H+‐translocating F1FO‐ATP(hydrol)ase
Authors: Nesci Salvatore , Pagliarani Alessandra 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe mitochondrial F1FO‐ATPase in the presence of the natural cofactor Mg2+ acts as the enzyme of life by synthesizing ATP, but it can also hydrolyze ATP to pump H+. Interestingly, Mg2+ can be replaced by Ca2+, but only to sustain ATP hydrolysis and not ATP synthesis. When Ca2+ inserts in F1, the torque generation built by the chemomechanical coupling between F1 and the rotating central stalk was reported as unable to drive the transmembrane H+ flux within FO. However, the failed H+ translocation is not consistent with the oligomycin‐sensitivity of the Ca2+‐dependent F1FO‐ATP(hydrol)ase. New enzyme roles in mitochondrial energy transduction are suggested by recent advances. Accordingly, the structural F1FO‐ATPase distortion driven by ATP hydrolysis sustained by Ca2+ is consistent with the permeability transition pore signal propagation pathway. The Ca2+‐activated F1FO‐ATPase, by forming the pore, may contribute to dissipate the transmembrane H+ gradient created by the same enzyme complex.
Benchmarking anisotropic polarizabilities for 14 (hetero)‐aromatic molecules at RPA, RPA(D), HRPA, HRPA(D), SOPPA, SOPPA(CC2), SOPPA(CCSD), CC2, CCSD and CC3 levels
Authors: Jørgensen Maria W. , Sauer Stephan P. A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA benchmark of anisotropic polarizabilities has been carried out for 14 (hetero)‐aromatic molecules using the methods: RPA, RPA(D), HRPA, HRPA(D), SOPPA, SOPPA(CC2), SOPPA(CCSD), CC2, CCSD and CC3. While this benchmark, to a large extend, shows similar tendencies as found for isotropic polarizabilities, it also reveals some differences between isotropic and anisotropic polarizabilities. CCSD is found to be the method performing closest to CC3 as it also was for isotropic polarizabilities. For static anisotropic polarizabilities SOPPA(CCSD) performs incredibly close to CCSD, however, the less demanding HRPA(D) follows shortly after in precision. For dynamic anisotropic polarizabilities SOPPA(CCSD) is again the method least deviating from CC3, beside CCSD, but its SD is worse than for RPA, which gives results only slightly more deviating from the CC3 results than SOPPA(CCSD). While the HRPA model is seen to perform incomparably worse than any of the other methods, the simpler RPA is on the other hand thus performing notably well. The finding of this good performance of the relatively simpler and cheaper methods, RPA and HRPA(D), permits calculation of much larger systems without sacrificing the quality of the calculation.
Topological indices and QSPR/QSAR analysis of some antiviral drugs being investigated for the treatment of COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Kirmani Syed Ajaz K. , Ali Parvez , Azam Faizul 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe spread of novel virus SARS‐CoV‐2, well known as COVID‐19 has become a major health issue currently which has turned up to a pandemic worldwide. The treatment recommendations are variable. Lack of appropriate medication has worsened the disease. On the basis of prior research, scientists are testing drugs based on medical therapies for SARS and MERS. Many drugs which include lopinavir, ritonavir and thalidomide are listed in the new recommendations. A topological index is a type of molecular descriptor that simply defines numerical values associated with the molecular structure of a compound that is effectively used in modeling many physicochemical properties in numerous quantitative structure–property/activity relationship (QSPR/QSAR) studies. In this study, several degree‐based and neighborhood degree sum‐based topological indices for several antiviral drugs were investigated by using a M‐polynomial and neighborhood M‐polynomial methods. In addition, a QSPR was established between the various topological indices and various physicochemical properties of these antiviral drugs along with remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and theaflavin was performed in order to assess the efficacy of the calculated topological indices. The obtained results reveal that topological indices under study have strong correlation with the physicochemical characteristics of the potential antiviral drugs. A biological activity (pIC50) of these compounds were also investigated by using multiple linear regressions (MLR) analysis.