bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Convolvulus pluriculis (Shankapushpi) for Standardization by Colorimetric Method: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Swamy Gangadhara , Holla Rajendra , Rao Suresh R. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Aim This study was aimed to evaluate the hydroalcoholic extract of Convolvulus pluricaulis (HACP) for standardization using colorimetric method.
Materials and Methods Establishment of standardization for the Ayurvedic formulations is most important for its chemical compounds, biological action, and its quality reassurance in production and manufacturing of traditional herbal medicines. As most of the drugs are standardized, drug companies are using substitute drugs instead of true drugs. So to make finest superiority drugs, it is necessary to validate the raw drugs. Observing the existing trend in mind, HACP was subjected to standardize procedures for the phytochemical tests. The separation of the bioactive substances from the HACP was performed using both manual methods and high-profile thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC).
Results From this study, it is revealed that the seed contains alkaloids, carbohydrates, steroids, tannins, terpenoid, and phenol which gave the medicine numerous therapeutic properties.
Conclusion The study was rapid, reproducible, and could be used for routine monitoring of various biological properties of HACP.
Constructional effects of indirect evidential marking in Harakmbut
Authors: Van linden An 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article focuses on two types of constructional effects of indirect evidential marking in Harakmbut (isolate, Peru). Both types originate in a clash of interpretation: the use of indirect evidential marking indicates a shift of perspective away from the speaker (as if they did not witness the event, thus disclaiming epistemic authority), while the events referred to are in principle directly accessible to them. As the signalled shift is not fully realized in interpretation, the effects will be characterized as showing perspective persistence. The first type involves constructions with a first person agent, and indirect evidential marking is found to produce the interpretation that the speaker performed the action referred to unintentionally, finding out about the outcome of this action only later. Other types of non-volitional events – without pragmatic inference on the part of the speaker – are found not to carry indirect evidential marking; they use different linguistic means to signal non-volitionality. The second type involves constructions with impersonal predicates referring to the cycle of the sun, and the use of indirect evidential marking yields emphasis on the completion of the event referred to. It is proposed that both types of effects can be explained in terms of endpoint emphasis (cf.DeLancey 1985).
From locative existential constructionfi(ih)to a TMA/progressive marker
Authors: Mobarki Yahya Abdu A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe grammaticalization framework has been suggested as a predictive power for language change. This paper considers the grammatical functions of the locative constructionfi(ih)in the Gulf Arabic Pidgin (a variety spoken by workers from the Indian subcontinent and south Asian countries working in the Arabian/Persian Gulf States). In Gulf Arabic, there are (1) the prepositionfi‘in; into; inside’ and (2) the locative constructionfi(ih)‘there is/are’, which only has an existential function. In Gulf Arabic Pidgin, the locative constructionfi(ih), however, has several grammatical functions, including (1) a possessive marker (i.e.,have-constructions), (2) an equative/predicative copula, and (3) a preverbal predicative marker. The aim in this paper is two-fold: first, to show how a grammaticalization framework can possibly account for the grammatical innovations offi(ih)in the Gulf Arabic Pidgin; and second, to suggest that these grammatical innovations might be the results of an ongoing grammaticalization process of LOCATIVE>TMA/PROGRESSIVE. Earlier studies conducted on this pidgin serve as data sources for this project.
No sympathy for the bully
Authors: Atkins Scott , Mote Ashley , Gonzalez Kimberly , Alexander Krystal 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper is part of a project begun at Portland State University that examines political polarization through
metaphor analysis (Ritchie, Feliciano, & Sparks, 2018). The current study looks at
two sources of discourse on immigration in the United States, each exemplifying opposing sides of the larger immigration debate.
The first source is a speech by then presidential candidate Donald Trump at a campaign rally, and the second is Senator Kamala
Harris’s maiden speech delivered on the Senate floor. The goal of this analysis is to investigate the way metaphors may be used in
political discourse to demonstrate or create polarization between opposing sides of the debate.
Political cartoons portraying the Musha Uprising in Taiwan under Japanese rule
Authors: Saito Hayato , Chiang Wen-yu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study analyzes five political cartoons published in theTaiwan Nichinichi Shinpo(Taiwan Daily Newspaper) depicting the Musha Uprising, an indigenous rebellion against Japanese colonial rule that occurred in Taiwan in 1930. The study has produced two important findings and theoretical implications. First, two of the political cartoons deployed The Great Chain of Being multimodal metaphor, and the artist’s conceptual blending of Japanese kabuki stories with the Musha Uprising dramatically portrayed the colonizers as humans and the colonized as animals. We analyze the social and historical context to explain why these cartoons used the boar as a metaphor representing the indigenous people. Second, our results reveal paradoxical and ambivalent perspectives in the cartoons. On one hand, the metaphor of Human vs. Animal reproduced the unequal hierarchical relations between the colonizers and the colonized. On the other hand, the cartoonist also portrayed the rulers in a critical and satirical way. Finally, the research relates the content of this analysis with the post-colonial theorizing of Edward Said. In sum, the study makes a contribution to interdisciplinary research by applying metaphor theory to the analysis of political cartoons and colonial discourse, as well as revealing the hierarchical colonial thinking and racial prejudice lurking behind the metaphors.
Community/Public-service interpreting as a communicative event
Authors: Angelelli Claudia V. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Research in Community/Public-Service Interpreting, also referred to as Dialogic Interpreting, has been growing at
a steadily pace in the last two decades. Developments in technology enabling remote access to services, as well as increasing
immigration waves, and people’s mobility are all factors that contribute to the growth of interactions requiring interpreting,
and, consequently, the resulting studies about them. Interestingly, however, the results of empirical research have barely begun
to permeate practice, specifically the teaching and learning of community/public-service interpreting. A look at the professional
development opportunities offered by community agencies, some educational programs, as well as some statements in codes of ethics
or standards of practice of interpreting associations, reveals little dialogue between practice and theory/research. In this paper
I explore this disconnect and suggest areas that could benefit from a deeper dialogue among stakeholders to enhance the education
of current and future interpreters.
“Yo intenté defenderme y se mecayódesnuca’”
Authors: Garofalo Giovanni 
Published: February 2020

ResumenEl presente trabajo se inscribe en la senda marcada por varios estudios de lingüística forense (Ehrlich 2001;Matoesian 2001;Cotterill 2003,2007;Berk-Seligson 2007) y aborda el tema de la reconstrucción lingüística de la violencia de género durante el debate oral y público de un juicio delTribunaldel Jurado, en el cual se acusaba a un joven varón de haber asesinado con alevosía a su excompañera sentimental. En concreto, se investigan las estructuras sintácticas del español empleadas en la sala por el acusado para declinar las responsabilidades penales derivadas de la comisión del delito. De hecho, el escenario de eventos que el acusado intenta construir a lo largo del interrogatorio directo y del contrainterrogatorio estriba en un conjunto de rutinas lingüísticas encaminadas a atenuar, difuminar, oscurecer o borrar totalmente las huellas de su agentividad de la reconstrucción verbal de la dinámica del asesinato (Berk-Selingson 2007). Tras evidenciar la relación entre no agentividad y reticencia en las respuestas del acusado a las preguntas de la acusación y de la defensa, se barajan las posibles razones de la conducta verbal del procesado, aparentemente ilógica, no cooperativa e improductiva, que, al negar lo obvio, produjo una sentencia de condena a la pena máxima prevista por el ordenamiento penal español.
The challenge of oratory in the training of consecutive interpreting reflected in a students’ diary
Authors: Madrid Leticia 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
According to EU guidelines, oral expression is one of the key competences students ought to master during their
university training. The Spanish educational system, however, has paid little attention to the development of oratory skills and
most students fear speaking in public. In the case of those who study interpreting, where speaking in public is, obviously, an
essential tool to carry out their task, this lack of training can negatively affect their own learning process. Hence, solving
this issue will be key to better acquire the technical skills needed.
In order to study the abovementioned shortcoming, this paper will present a study carried out at the University of
Salamanca with Consecutive Interpreting undergraduate students. Their experience speaking in public – or lack thereof – has been
analyzed through questionnaires and students’ diaries were used as pedagogical introspection and retrospection tools. The
usefulness of diaries in educational contexts has already been demonstrated as a valuable didactic strategy, as they foster
critical self-analysis and reflection, making students question their vision of the world (Hiemstra 2001) and helping them manage frustration better.
As trainers, the students’ diaries had a twofold objective: they offered initial data on the pupils’ experiences
and their attitude towards oral presentations, while at the same time allowing teachers to monitor their reactions to the training
actions implemented in the classroom to combat the students’ fear of speaking in public.
MOOC as a free, digital tool for different profiles providing introductory trainingin PSIT
Authors: Vitalaru Bianca , Valero-Garcés Carmen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this article we present the results of the implementation of a MOOC providing an introduction in Public Service
Interpreting and Translation (PSIT) for a variety of backgrounds and profiles, from people working with foreign population, to
people who have no formal training and are ad-hoc interpreters, as well as people interested in learning about PSIT. The ultimate
goal of the MOOC is to provide general information and to raise awareness about the complexity of the field, as well as to offer
the possibility of learning and practicing some of the principles and strategies presented so that those interested in deepening
their knowledge and skills may do so with more formal training. It is in this context that the article presents some of the
findings obtained since its implementation given the variety of personal profiles and student backgrounds registered in the course
as well as the evaluation of aspects related to its design such as duration, access to information, difficulties and, in general,
aspects that enabled us to identify students’ perceptions on the usefulness, effectiveness and applicability of the course.
Metabolomic analyses of plasma and liver of mice fed with immature Citrus tumida peel
Authors: Toyoda Atsushi , Sato Mizuho , Muto Masaki , Goto Tatsuhiko , Miyaguchi Yuji , Inoue Eiichi 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of Citrus tumida hort. ex Tanaka on food intake, body and fat tissue weights, and metabolic profiles of plasma and liver in mice. Supplementation with 5% (w/w) of peels of immature C. tumida (PIC) for 4 weeks significantly suppressed body weight gain and decreased adipose tissue weight in epididymal, perirenal, and subcutaneous fats. Metabolome analyses showed that 2-hydroxyvaleric acid levels were reduced in the blood plasma of mice fed with PIC. PIC supplementation significantly elevated dipeptide (Thr-Asp, Ser-Glu, and Ala-Ala), glucuronic acid, and S-methylglutathione levels, and significantly reduced betaine aldehyde levels in the liver. In conclusion, PIC supplementation affects the metabolism of fatty acids, pectin, glutathione, and choline, showing potential beneficial effects for metabolic syndrome and obesity. PIC may be developed as a functional food and used in the treatment of these diseases.
Leaving bads provides better outcome than approaching goods in a social dilemma
Authors: Xiao Zhilong , Chen Xiaojie , Szolnoki Attila 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Individual migration has been regarded as an important factor for the evolution of cooperation in mobile populations. Motivations of migration, however, can be largely divergent: one is highly frustrated by the vicinity of an exploiter or defector, while other enthusiastically searches cooperator mates. Albeit both extreme attitudes are observed in human behavior, but their specific impacts on wellbeing remained unexplored. In this work, we propose an orientation-driven migration approach for mobile individuals in combination with the mentioned migration preferences and study their roles in the cooperation level in a two-dimensional public goods game. We find that cooperation can be greatly promoted when individuals are more inclined to escape away from their defective neighbors. On the contrary, cooperation cannot be effectively maintained when individuals are more motivated to approach their cooperative neighbors. In addition, compared with random migration, movement by leaving defectors can promote cooperation more effectively. By means of theoretical analysis and numerical calculations, we further find that when individuals only choose to escape away from their defective neighbors, the average distance between cooperators and defectors can be enlarged, hence the natural invasion of defection can be efficiently blocked. Our work, thus, provides further insight on how different migration preferences influence the evolution of cooperation in the unified framework of spatially social games.
Geochemical Prospecting Investigation in Non-Volcanic Geothermal Area: A Case Study of Sajau, East Tanjung Palas, Bulungan, North Kalimantan
Authors: Kumalasari D I , Kusuma A G , Mahalka H , Syarifatullah M S , Gumelar N A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Indonesia has at least 324 prospects of geothermal which ensuring the great potential of sustainable and low-emission energy. About 96% (26.5 GWe) of the total Indonesian geothermal prospects are located in volcanic environment, while the 4% (1.2 GWe) come from the non-volcanic environment. Thus, the geochemical analysis is aimed to investigate the prospect of geothermal energy in the non-volcanic environment. The methods are geological mapping and geochemical analysis by manifestation geochemistry and soil geochemistry. Geological mapping is conducted to provide data about lithologies, structures, and manifestations of geothermal. Geochemical exploration relies on the analysis of water samples from manifestations to characterize the fluid and its origin, understand the fluid equilibrium, and interpret reservoir temperature. Soil geochemistry is aimed to identify permeability zone and structures in purpose to identify the prospect area. This paper will briefly illustrate the fundamental concept of non-volcanic geothermal, conceptual model, and potential of the research area. We anticipate this paper to become a turning point for further research in geothermal as promising alternative energy and specifically to broaden the view of non-volcanic geothermal system in Indonesia.
Utilizing the Matched-guise as a Method of Examining Perceptual Change in an Endangered Creole
Authors: Lee Nala H 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article concerns the use of a matched-guise task in a language documentation project, showing how such a perceptual tool can be used to highlight ongoing language change and attitudes towards an endangered language. Baba Malay, an endangered creole spoken by the Peranakans, has two forms of words encoding coarseness or refinedness. Words ending with [–al], [-aɾ], and [-as], such as [tampal] ‘mend’, [bakaɾ] ‘burn’, and [nanas] ‘pineapple’ are recognized by speakers as kasar ‘coarse’, in contrast to alus ‘refined’ forms ending with [-ɛ], such as [tampɛ] ‘mend’, [bakɛ] ‘burn’, and [nanɛ] ‘pineapple’. Language documentation work shows younger and less proficient speakers producing less refined forms than older and more proficient speakers. No such trend is found for coarse forms. A matched-guise task incorporated into a language documentation project shows that younger community members perceive the refined form as being more emblematic of the Peranakan language, culture, and community. In addition to results that highlight the ongoing language change, the implication is that quantitative perceptual work and language documentation are highly complementary
Cell Enriched Autologous Fat Grafts to Follicular Niche Improves Hair Regrowth in Early Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Kuka Gorana , Epstein Jeffrey , Aronowitz Joel , Glasgold Mark J , Rogal Joelle Glick , Brown Wilfred , Geronemus Roy G , Daniels Eric J , Washenik Ken 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Adipose and adipose derived regenerative cells (ADRCs) play an increasing role in androgenetic alopecia.

Objectives
The authors sought to evaluate the safety and feasibility of fat grafts enriched with ADRCs in early androgenetic alopecia.

Methods
Seventy-one patients were treated: 16 with Puregraft fat and 1.0 × 106 ADRCs/cm2 scalp; 22 with Puregraft fat and 0.5 × 106 ADRCs/cm2 scalp, 24 with Puregraft fat alone, and 9 with saline control. Treatments were delivered into the skin and subcutaneous layer of the scalp. A total of 40 cm2 of scalp was treated and macrophotography and global photography were obtained at baseline and at 6, 24, and 52 weeks.

Results
A total of 71 patients tolerated the procedures well. No unanticipated associated adverse events were reported. When evaluating all patients at 24 weeks, there were no statistical differences between any of the treatment groups with respect to nonvellus (terminal) hair counts or width. There were increases (mean change from baseline) in terminal hair count for the low-dose ADRC group in the Norwood Hamilton 3 subgroup at week 6 (13.90 ± 16.68), week 12 (11.75 ± 19.42), week 24 (16.56 ± 14.68), and week 52 (2.78 ± 16.15). For this subgroup, the difference in hair count between the low-dose ADRC group and no-fat saline control was statistically significant (P = 0.0318) at week 24.

Conclusions
Puregraft fat and ADRCs are safe and well tolerated. In early male hair loss, this therapy demonstrated a statistically significant increase in terminal hair counts relative to the control population at 24 weeks and represents a promising approach for early androgenetic alopecia.

Level of Evidence: 2
Loss of PP2A Disrupts the Retention of Radial Glial Progenitors in the Telencephalic Niche to Impair the Generation for Late-Born Neurons During Cortical Development†
Authors: Huang Chaoli , Liu Tingting , Wang Qihui , Hou Weikang , Zhou Cuihua , Song Zeyuan , Shi Yun Stone , Gao Xiang , Chen Guiquan , Yin Zhenyu , Hu Yimin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTelencephalic radial glial progenitors (RGPs) are retained in the ventricular zone (VZ), the niche for neural stem cells during cortical development. However, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. To study whether protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) may regulate the above process, we generate Ppp2cα conditional knockout (cKO) mice, in which PP2A catalytic subunit α (PP2Acα) is inactivated in neural progenitor cells in the dorsal telencephalon. We show that RGPs are ectopically distributed in cortical areas outside of the VZ in Ppp2cα cKO embryos. Whereas deletion of PP2Acα does not affect the proliferation of RGPs, it significantly impairs the generation of late-born neurons. We find complete loss of apical adherens junctions (AJs) in the ventricular membrane in Ppp2cα cKO cortices. We observe abundant colocalization for N-cadherin and PP2Acα in control AJs. Moreover, in vitro analysis reveals direct interactions of N-cadherin to PP2Acα and to β-catenin. Overall, this study not only uncovers a novel function of PP2Acα in retaining RGPs into the VZ but also demonstrates the impact of PP2A-dependent retention of RGPs on the generation for late-born neurons.
Bilirubin binding by primary sites of human serum albumin, with suppression of secondary-site interference by use of a high salt concentration.
Authors: Rutkowski R B 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A high (2.0 mol/L) NaCl concentration apparently suppresses the secondary-site binding of bilirubin by human serum albumin. Thus if an excess of bilirubin is added to human serum albumin or to neonatal serum in buffer containing 0.1 mol of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane and 2.0 mol of NaCl per liter (pH 7.5), and the bilirubin not bound to albumin is removed by treatment with calcium carbonate, the bilirubin binding reserve of primary binding sites can be estimated from direct measurement of spectral absorbance at 468 nm. Hemolysis and conjugated bilirubin apparently do not interfere. In a comparison study with serum samples from neonates the method gave results that generally agreed with those obtained by a commercially available Sephadex G-25 column procedure. In serum samples from adults the calculated unbound unconjugated bilirubin (free bilirubin) values derived by using binding reserves determined by the proposed method correlated well with the free bilirubin concentrations measured by a peroxidase method, but were only about one-half the amounts obtained by the peroxidase method.
Response of ion-selective sodium and potassium electrodes in the Beckman Astra 4 and Astra 8 analyzers.
Authors: Fievet P , Truchaud A , Hersant J , Glikmanas G 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We tested the response of ion-selective sodium and potassium electrodes that are a part of the new multi-channel chemical analyzers, Astra 8 and Astra 4 (Beckman). For this we used plain and albumin-containing aqueous solutions of known Na+ and K+ concentrations, varied inversely so we could assess how the concentration of each electrolyte would affect the response of the other electrode. The stability of the electrodes with time was good and the electrodes are indeed selective for Na+ and K+.