bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
App-Delivered Self-Management Intervention Trial selfBACK for People With Low Back Pain: Protocol for Implementation and Process Evaluation
Authors: Rasmussen Charlotte Diana Nørregaard , Svendsen Malene Jagd , Wood Karen , Nicholl Barbara I , Mair Frances S , Sandal Louise Fleng , Mork Paul Jarle , Søgaard Karen , Bach Kerstin , Stochkendahl Mette Jensen 
Published: September 2020

Background
Implementation and process evaluation is vital for understanding how interventions function in different settings, including if and why interventions have different effects or do not work at all.

Objective
This paper presents the protocol for an implementation and process evaluation embedded in a multicenter randomized controlled trial conducted in Denmark and Norway (the selfBACK project). selfBACK is a data-driven decision support system that provides participants with weekly self-management plans for low back pain. These plans are delivered through a smartphone app and tailored to individual participants by using case-based reasoning methodology. In the trial, we compare selfBACK in addition to usual care with usual care alone.

Methods
The aim of this study is to conduct a convergent mixed-methods implementation and process evaluation of the selfBACK app by following the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance framework. We will evaluate the process of implementing selfBACK and investigate how participants use the intervention in daily life. The evaluation will also cover the reach of the intervention, health care provider willingness to adopt it, and participant satisfaction with the intervention. We will gather quantitative measures by questionnaires and measures of data analytics on app use and perform a qualitative exploration of the implementation using semistructured interviews theoretically informed by normalization process theory. Data collection will be conducted between March 2019 and October 2020.

Results
The trial opened for recruitment in February 2019. This mixed-methods implementation and evaluation study is embedded in the randomized controlled trial and will be collecting data from March 2019 to October 2020; dissemination of trial results is planned thereafter. The results from the process evaluation are expected 2021-2022.

Conclusions
This study will provide a detailed understanding of how self-management of low back pain can be improved and how a digital health intervention can be used as an add-on to usual care to support patients to self-manage their low back pain. We will provide knowledge that can be used to explore the possibilities of extending the generic components of the selfBACK system and key drivers that could be of use in other conditions and diseases where self-management is an essential prevention or treatment strategy.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03798288; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03798288

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/20308
COMPULSION, SECRECY, AND PAPER
Authors: Thaysen Jens Damgaard , Uhrenfeldt Rasmus , Sønderholm Jørn 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this article, we argue that anyone who accepts that (1) voting should be compulsory, (2) voting should be secret, and (3) voting should be done by paper ballot ends up with a morally problematic position. In electoral systems where compulsory voting is implemented and the secret paper ballot is in place, it is impossible for officials to check if an elector has cast a valid vote. Therefore, only those who fail to show up at the polls are penalized under the law of compulsory voting. Those electors who show up at the polls but do not vote are not penalized. We argue that this practice amounts to officially sanctioned unequal enforcement of a law, and that such a practice is morally problematic. We then argue that this problem should be solved by rejecting compulsory voting in favor of true mandatory attendance, that is, a regime where the law on the books requires only showing up at the polls on election day as opposed to formally requiring that electors actually cast a valid vote. This is so since only mandatory attendance can be enforced without infringing on the secret ballot, and the law on the books ought to reflect what is actually enforced in practice.
Memahami Makna Seni dalam Pencak Silat
Authors: Ediyono Suryo , Widodo Sahid Teguh 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTThe martial art or pencak silat is a combating method that philosophically teaches both spiritual and physical education helping the enthusiasts to live with the noble moral values in their society. The material object of this study is pencak silat and the formal object is the philosophy of arts or aesthetics of the pencak silat. This study aims to examine (1) norms or manners of pencak silat, (2) pencak silat style, (3) pencak silat categories and pencak silat equipments. This research employs factual-historical method by means of description, analysis, and synthesis. The results are (1) norms of pencak silat are conceptually found in the attitude of performance, steps (gerak langkah), attack (serangan), and defense (belaan), (2) martial arts style consists of the mental-spiritual aspects, martial arts, arts, and sport, (3) arts in martial arts are subdivided into wiraga, wirama, and wirasa, and the martial arts equipments include specific use of costumes, weapons, and traditional music acompaniments. Keywords: martial arts style, pencak silat, philosophical values, wiraga-wirama-wirasa ABSTRAK Seni bela diri pencak silat sebagai metode bertarung secara filosofis mengajarkan pendidikan spiritual dan fisik untuk membantu para peminatnya dalam menghayati nilai-nilai moral yang luhur di dalamnya. Objek material dari penelitian ini adalah pencak silat dan objek formal adalah filsafat seni atau estetika dari pencak silat tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji (1) norma atau perilaku pencak silat, (2) gaya pencak silat, (3) kategori pencak silat dan peralatannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode faktual-historis melalui deskripsi, analisis, dan sintesis. Hasilnya adalah (1) norma pencak silat yang secara konseptual ditemukan dalam sikap kinerja, gerak langkah, serangan, dan pertahanan (belaan), (2) gaya seni bela diri (aliran gaya) yang terdiri dari aspek mental-spiritual, bela diri, seni, dan olahraga, (3) seni dalam seni bela diri dibagi menjadi wiraga, wirama, dan wirasa serta peralatan seni bela diri termasuk penggunaan kostum, senjata khusus, dan pengiring musik tradisional.Kata kunci: gaya seni bela diri, pencak silat, nilai filosofis, wiraga-wirama-wirasa
UJI PERKEMBANGBIAKAN VEGETATIF SINTOK (Cinnamomun sintoc Blume.) DENGAN PERLAKUAN HORMON DAN MEDIA TUMBUH
Authors: Hanafi Nanang , Hidayati Nurul 
Published: September 2020

Sintok (Cinnamomum sintoc Blume) termasuk tumbuhan obat yang banyak digunakan masyarakat (komponen jamu dan obat tradisional). Dikategorikan sebagai tumbuhan penghasil minyak atsiri. Keberadaan di alam mulai tergerus, karena penebangan untuk diambil kulit kayunya, juga biji sintok termasuk rekalsitran, dan pohon jarang berbuah.Tujuan penelitian (1) untuk mengetahui apakah Sintok dapat dikembangkan dengan cara vegetatif/stek, (2) Mengetahui keberhasilan pertumbuhan stek pucuk sintok dengan perlakuan media dan ZPT.Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Petak Terbagi (Split Plot). Petak utama (main plot) adalah jenis media terdiri tiga taraf M0 (tanah /kontrol), M1 (tanah dengan arang sekam 2:1), M2 (tanah, pasir, dengan arang sekam 1:1:1) dan sebagai anak petak (sub plot) adalah pemberian jenis zat perangsang akar atau hormon, terdiri tiga taraf yaitu P0 : tanpa perangsang akar (kontrol), P1 (Rootone-F), P2 (air kelapa).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sintok dapat dibudiayakan secara stek, Tanaman sintok dapat dikembangkan dengan stek batang/pucuk. Pada pengamatan 8 MST stek yang masih hidup rata-rata 15,43% dan perlakuan Media topsoil tanpa perlakuan ZPT (M0P0) menghasilkan tanaman stek yang hidup yaitu 55, 55%. Rata-rata stek bertunas pada pengamatan 8 MST adalah 2 %. Stek yang bertunas, semua masih belum muncul akar.Kata Kunci : Sintok (Cinnamomum sintoc Blume), stek, hormon dan media tumbuh
GULA KELAPA KRISTAL DAN POTENSI PEMANFAATANNYA PADA PRODUK MINUMAN
Authors: Mela Ervina , Fadhillah Nurul , Mustaufik Mustaufik 
Published: September 2020

Crystal coconut sugar is sugar that made from coconut sap which is processed to powder or crystal. This sugar has lower Glycemic Index and higher levels of fiber and vitamin B12 than cane sugar. Other advantages are that it is more soluble, has longer shelf life, more attractive in shape, easier to package and transport, has a unique taste and aroma, and can be fortified with other ingredients. Crystal coconut sugar can be used as a substitute for sugar cane in various beverage products. This paper aims to provide an overview of the process, excellence, and potential use of crystal coconut sugar in beverage products sourced from research journals and scientific books. Crystal coconut sugar has the potential to substitute cane sugar in tamarind syrup products, traditional drinks, instant powder drinks, instant chocolate drinks, coffee mixes, and ice cream.
Реформирование управления деятельностью по ликвидации отходов в РФ
Authors: Тагаева Т. О. 
Published: September 2020

<span>В статье рассматриваются процессы реформирования сферы обращения с отходами, к которым активно приступили с начала 2014 г., однако осуществляются они не всегда продуманно и конструктивно. Проанализированы материалы Стратегии развития промышленности по обработке, утилизации и обезвреживанию отходов производства и потребления на период до 2030 года и национального проекта «Экология», названы и обоснованы главные недостатки институциональных механизмов российского экологического законодательства, преодоление которых необходимо для успешной реализации целей и задач, изложенных в данных программных документах.</span>
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ABU CANGKANG KEMIRI TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN BETON K-300
Authors: Minanulloh Moh. Abdul Basit , Cahyo Yosef , Ridwan Ahmad 
Published: September 2020

K-300 concrete is concrete that has a characteristic compressive strength of 300 kg/cm2. Many studies that use plantation and mining waste materials are simply wasted. These wastes are in the form of kemiri shell ash, rice husk ash, and others. in this study, kemiri shell ash as a cement additive, with variations in the addition of 5%, 10%, and 15% of the weight of cement to the quality of K-300 concrete. Concrete compressive tests carried out at the age of 7 and 28 days. The purpose of this study was to determine the compressive strength of concrete, the highest pressure strength, and the optimum percentage. Strong concrete pressure characteristics obtained at 28 days at a normal concrete variation 304.127 kg / cm, normal concrete variations with the addition of 5% “Abu Cangkang kemiri” 421,551 kg / cm, normal concrete variations with the addition of 10% “Abu Cangkang kemiri” 426,863 kg / cm2, and variations normal concrete with the addition of 15% “Abu Cangkang kemiri” 428,210 kg / cm. The results show that the optimum percentage of the addition of kemiri shell ash is 15% of the weight of cement with a maximum compressive strength of 428,210 kg/cm. Beton K-300 adalah beton yang mempunyai kuat tekan karakteristik sebesar 300 kg/cm². Banyak penelitian yang menggunakan bahan – bahan limbah perkebunan dan tambang yang terbuang begitu saja. Limbah tersebut berupa abu cangkang kemiri, abu sekam Padi, dan lain- lain. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan abu cangkang Kemiri sebagai bahan tambah semen, dengan variasi penambahan 5%, 10%, dan 15% dari berat semen terhadap mutu beton K-300. Uji tekan beton dilaksanakan pada umur 7 dan 28 hari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kuat tekan beton dan kuat tekan tertinggi. Kuat tekan karakteristik yang diperoleh pada umur 28 hari pada variasi beton normal 304,127 kg/cm², variasi beton normal dengan penambahan 5% abu cangkang Kemiri 421,551 kg/cm², variasi beton normal dengan penambahan10% abu cangkang Kemiri 426,863kg/cm², dan variasi beton normal dengan penambahan 15% abu cangkang Kemiri 428,210 kg/cm². Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa presentase optimum dari penambahan abu cangang Kemiri adalah sebesar15% dari berat semen dengan kuat tekan maksimum sebesar 428,210 kg/cm².
Unha cirúrgica de biopolímero de cana de açúcar para preservação do leito ungueal após avulsão
Authors: Pinto Flavia Cristina Morone , Oliveira Márcia 
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Desenvolver uma unha cirúrgica de BPCA com o propósito de produzir uma cobertura para o leito unguealimediatamente exposto após avulsão da lâmina ungueal. Método: A unha cirúrgica de BPCA foi produzida a partir dogel de BPCA, que tem propriedades viscoelásticas e é estável em concentrações de 0,6% e 0,8%. Resultados: A comprovada biocompatibilidade e a baixa toxicidade do polissacarídeo celulósico permitem idealizar a sua utilização comoum dispositivo médico, servindo como barreira mecânica, proteção do leito ungueal e remodelação da lâmina ungueal.As características físico-químicas do polissacarídeo permitem a produção de um modelo ungueal autoaderente e resistente, servindo temporariamente como substituto da lâmina ungueal. Além disso, o custo da unha cirúrgica de BPCA éacessível. Conclusão: A unha cirúrgica de BPCA parece ser uma alternativa promissora para manutenção e cicatrizaçãodo leito ungueal.Palavras-chave: Doenças da Unha; Biopolímeros; Saccharum; Curativos Oclusivos; Cicatrização.

ABSTRACTObjective: Develop a surgical nail of BPCA with the purpose of producing a cover for the nail bed immediately exposedafter avulsion of the nail plate. Method: The surgical nail of BPCA was produced from the BPCA gel, which has viscoelastic properties and is stable at concentrations of 0.6% and 0.8%. Results: The biocompatibility and low toxicity of thecellulosic polysaccharide allow to idealize its use as a medical device, serving as a mechanical barrier, protection of thenail bed and remodeling of the nail plate. The physico-chemical characteristics of the polysaccharide allow the production of a self-adhesive and resistant nail model, serving temporarily as a substitute for the nail plate. In addition, the costof the surgical nail of BPCA is affordable. Conclusion: The surgical nail of BPCA appears to be a promising alternativefor maintenance and healing of the nail bed.Keywords: Nail Diseases; Biopolymers; Saccharum; Occlusive Dressings; Wound Healing.
Prognostic value of circulating Bcl-2 and anti-p53 antibodies in patients with breast cancer: A long term follow-up (17.5 years)
Authors: Sirotković-Skerlev Maja , Plavetić Natalija Dedić , Sedlić Filip , Kuna Sanja Kusačić , Vrbanec Damir , Belev Borislav , Pleština Stjepko , Kovač Zdenko , Kulić Ana 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Apoptosis inhibition is a major tumorigenic factor. Bcl-2 dysregulation and TP53 mutation status, which may correlate with autoantibody generation, contribute to impaired apoptosis. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of circulating Bcl-2 and anti-p53 antibodies (p53Abs) in a 17.5-year follow-up of breast cancer patients. We also analyzed the correlations of Bcl-2 and p53Abs with various clinicopathological parameters in order to assess their impact on tumor aggressiveness. METHODS: Serum Bcl-2 and p53Abs levels were analyzed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 82 patients with invasive breast cancer and twenty individuals without malignancy. RESULTS: Serum Bcl-2 and p53Abs levels in breast cancer patients were significantly higher than those in controls. Patients with high levels of Bcl-2 (cut-off 200 U/ml) had a poorer prognosis (17.5-year survival) than those with lower Bcl-2 values. In combined analysis the subgroup of patients with elevated p53Abs (cut-off 15 U/ml) and elevated Bcl-2 (cut-offs 124 U/ml and 200 U/ml) had the worse prognosis in 17.5-year survival. In correlation analysis p53Abs and Bcl-2 were associated with unfavorable clinicopathological parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that breast cancer patients with high serum levels of p53Abs and Bcl-2 present an especially unfavorable group in a long follow-up.
Cross Cultural Differences in Cognition: A Study on How Culture Affects the Way We Think
Authors: Phillips Sharon Campbell- , Deb Proshad Halder  , Serlange Campbell  , Daneil Phillips  
Published: September 2020

Communication is the exchanging of information through speaking, writing and signals. It plays an important to our development; it is the dissemination of ideas, and information to persons. Cognition is our mental process in which we acquire knowledge and understanding, and this is done through our thoughts, our experiences, and our senses. Cultural differences involve what people’ believe how they behave, the language they speak, and their practices based on their ethnicity. Cross-cultural differences in cognition can be very effective to certain operations conducted by persons; however, it can also limit us based on our perspective. To gather information and to understand how culture affects cognition and the way we think, questionnaires, surveys and experiments were used. Questionnaires were administered to tertiary level students, surveys were administered to teachers and experiments were conducted among students from various culture and background. The experiments were centered on visualization, focus and critical thinking. The purpose of this study is to investigate if cultural differences affect the way we think, and this double-dissociation is discussed in terms of implications for different developmental trajectories, with different developmental sub-tasks in the different cultures.
Knowledge, Attitude and Clinical Decision-Making Abilities of Pediatric Nurses Regarding Pain Management
Authors: ŞEN CELASİN Nesrin , DUR Şadiye , ERGİN Dilek , KARAARSLAN Duygu 
Published: September 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe knowledge, attitude and clinical decision-making abilities of pediatric nurses regarding pain management, and to find the factors that affect them.Methods: In this descriptive and analytical study, the participants consisted of 131 pediatric nurses who were employed in pediatric clinics of a university hospital and a state hospital in Manisa, Turkey. Data were collected by using the Nurse Description Form, the Questionnaire on Nurses’ Attitudes and Knowledge About Pain, and the Clinical Decision Making Questionnaire.Results: In the study, the mean (standard deviation) score of knowledge and attitude of pediatric nurses in pain management and patients with pain was 7.32 (7.00), and the scores of 45% of them were at an intermediate level. It was found that while variables such as age, occupation and years of working experience did not affect the total mean score of knowledge and attitude of pediatric nurses in pain management, educational background and the unit at which they worked affected it. Moreover, most of the pediatric nurses had sufficient information regarding pain diagnosis; 61.1% of them observed patients’ behavior while diagnosing the severity of pain, and 65.6% of them used a pain diagnosis scale to measure patients’ pain.Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was found that pediatric nurses had an intermediate level of knowledge and behavior regarding pain management and had sufficient knowledge about pain diagnosis and management.
Natural history of uncomplicated urinary tract infection without antibiotics: a systematic review
Authors: Hoffmann Tammy , Peiris Ruwani , Mar Chris Del , Cleo Gina , Glasziou Paul 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundAlthough uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) is commonly treated with antibiotics, the duration of symptoms without their use is not established; this hampers informed decision making about antibiotic use.AimTo determine the natural history of uncomplicated UTI in adults.Design and settingSystematic review.MethodPubMed was searched for articles published until November 2019, along with reference lists of articles identified in the search. Eligible studies were those involving adults with UTIs in either the placebo group of randomised trials or in single-group prognostic studies that did not use antibiotics and measured symptom duration. A modified version of a risk of bias assessment for prognostic studies was used. Outcomes were the percentage of patients who, at any time point, were symptom free, had symptom improvement, or had worsening symptoms (failed to improve). Adverse event data were also extracted.ResultsThree randomised trials (346 placebo group participants) were identified, all of which specified women only in their inclusion criteria. The risk of bias was generally low, but incomplete reporting of some details limited assessment. Over the first 9 days, the percentage of participants who were symptom free or reported improved symptoms was reported as rising to 42%. At 6 weeks, the percentage of such participants was 36%; up to 39% of participants failed to improve by 6 weeks. The rate of adverse effects was low and, in two trials, progression to pyelonephritis was reported in one placebo participant.ConclusionAlthough some uncertainty around the natural history of uncomplicated UTIs remains, some women appear to improve or become symptom free spontaneously, and most improvement occurs in the first 9 days. Other women either failed to improve or became worse over a variable timespan, although the rate of serious complications was low.
Emergency admission risk stratification tools in UK primary care: a cross-sectional survey of availability and use
Authors: Kingston Mark , Griffiths Rhiannon , Hutchings Hayley , Porter Alison , Russell Ian , Snooks Helen 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundStratifying patient populations by risk of adverse events was believed to support preventive care for those identified, but recent evidence does not support this. Emergency admission risk stratification (EARS) tools have been widely promoted in UK policy and GP contracts.AimTo describe availability and use of EARS tools across the UK, and identify factors perceived to influence implementation.Design and settingCross-sectional survey in UK.MethodOnline survey of 235 organisations responsible for UK primary care: 209 clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) in England; 14 health boards in Scotland; seven health boards in Wales; and five local commissioning groups (LCGs) in Northern Ireland. Analysis results are presented using descriptive statistics for closed questions and by theme for open questions.ResultsResponses were analysed from 171 (72.8%) organisations, of which 148 (86.5%) reported that risk tools were available in their areas. Organisations identified 39 different EARS tools in use. Promotion by NHS commissioners, involvement of clinical leaders, and engagement of practice managers were identified as the most important factors in encouraging use of tools by general practices. High staff workloads and information governance were identified as important barriers. Tools were most frequently used to identify individual patients, but also for service planning. Nearly 40% of areas using EARS tools reported introducing or realigning services as a result, but relatively few reported use for service evaluation.ConclusionEARS tools are widely available across the UK, although there is variation by region. There remains a need to align policy and practice with research evidence.