bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thyroid Function Affects the Risk of Stroke via Atrial Fibrillation: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Marouli Eirini , Kus Aleksander , Del Greco M Fabiola , Chaker Layal , Peeters Robin , Teumer Alexander , Deloukas Panos , Medici Marco 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Context
Observational studies suggest that variations in normal range thyroid function are associated with cardiovascular diseases. However, it remains to be determined whether these associations are causal or not.

Objective
To test whether genetically determined variation in normal range thyroid function is causally associated with the risk of stroke and coronary artery disease (CAD) and investigate via which pathways these relations may be mediated.

Design, Setting, and Participants
Mendelian randomization analyses for stroke and CAD using genetic instruments associated with normal range thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine levels or Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease. The potential mediating role of known stroke and CAD risk factors was examined. Publicly available summary statistics data were used.

Main Outcome Measures
Stroke or CAD risk per genetically predicted increase in TSH or FT4 levels.

Results
A 1 standard deviation increase in TSH was associated with a 5% decrease in the risk of stroke (odds ratio [OR], 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91-0.99; P = 0.008). Multivariable MR analyses indicated that this effect is mainly mediated via atrial fibrillation. MR analyses did not show a causal association between normal range thyroid function and CAD. Secondary analyses showed a causal relationship between Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and a 7% increased risk of CAD (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.01-1.13; P = 0.026), which was mainly mediated via body mass index.

Conclusion
These results provide important new insights into the causal relationships and mediating pathways between thyroid function, stroke, and CAD. We identify variation in normal range thyroid function and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis as risk factors for stroke and CAD, respectively.
Novel Insights Into Effects of Cortisol and Glucagon on Nocturnal Glucose Production in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Basu Ananda , Yadav Yogesh , Carter Rickey E , Basu Rita 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Context
The effect of physiological changes in night-time cortisol and glucagon on endogenous glucose production (EGP) and nocturnal glycemia are unknown.

Objective
To determine the effects of changes in cortisol and glucagon on EGP during the night.

Design
Two overnight protocols were conducted. In Protocol 1, endogenous cortisol was blocked with metyrapone and hydrocortisone infused either at constant (constant) or increasing (variable) rates to mimic basal or physiological nocturnal cortisol concentrations. In Protocol 2, endogenous glucagon was blocked with somatostatin and exogenous glucagon was infused at either basal or elevated rates to mimic nocturnal glucagon concentrations observed in nondiabetic (ND) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) individuals. EGP was measured using [3-3H] glucose and gluconeogenesis estimated with 2H2O in all studies.

Setting
Mayo Clinic Clinical Research Trials Unit, Rochester, MN, US.

Participants
In Protocol 1, 34 subjects (17 ND and 17 T2D) and in Protocol 2, 39 subjects (21 ND and 18 T2D) were studied.

Main Outcome Measures
Endogenous glucose production

Results
EGP, gluconeogenesis, and glycogenolysis were higher with variable than with constant cortisol at 7 am in T2D subjects. In contrast, nocturnal EGP did not differ in ND subjects between variable and constant cortisol. While elevated glucagon increased EGP, glycogenolysis, and gluconeogenesis in ND, the data in T2D subjects indicated that EGP and gluconeogenesis but not glycogenolysis were higher during the early part of the night.

Conclusion
Nocturnal hyperglucagonemia, but not physiological rise in cortisol, contributes to nocturnal hyperglycemia in T2D due to increased gluconeogenesis.
Sissy Remixed
Authors: Gilbert Aster 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Available scholarship on trans* pornography has favored mainstream studio and alternative/queer productions. Relatively little work has examined the phenomenon of trans* micropornography: user-made remixes of copywritten source material that are shared online within networks of pornographic fandoms. Trans* identities hold a significant purchase on microporn networks, evidenced by the ubiquity of trans* bodies and the work of trans* microporn video makers, who while hidden behind screen names and avatars, largely identify as trans* women and cis male “sissies.” Drawing on textual analysis of these videos and their methods of addressing the viewer, the author identifies a practice within microporn networks that she calls trans* porno remix (TPR). Through digital editing techniques, TPR creates haptic spaces for the viewer to imagine themselves as trans* subjects. Through modes of direct address to the viewer, on-screen captions, and audio-visual montage, TPR videos construct a trans* imaginary that is coproduced with the porn consumer and create space for viewers to experiment with gendered embodiment through imagining a future-oriented transformation into a trans* subject.
Self-control Mediates the Relationship between Psychosocial Strengths and Perceived Severity of COVID-19 among Frontline Healthcare Professionals of Pakistan: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Saleem Muhammad , Dastgeer Saima , Durrani Areeha Khan , Saad Abubakr Ali , Manzoor Zubair , Hussain Hafiz Nauman 
Published: May 2020

Objective: To examine the relationship between psychosocial strengths (resilience, self-efficacy beliefs and social support) and perceived severity of COVID-19 and also to gauge the mediating role of self-control among frontline health care professionals of Pakistan.
Methods: A cross-sectional research design was utilized from March to April 2020 from one medical teaching hospital of South Punjab. As it was a single center experience so all the doctors were approached and asked to participate in this research. In total, 284 doctors (out of 300 approx.) completed online survey. The data were collected through online google forms consisting of self-report measures i.e. Brief Resilience Scale, Short General Self Efficacy Scale, Brief Scale for Social Support, Risk Behavior Diagnostic Scale and Brief Self-Control Scale.
Results: The results were analyzed by using SmartPLS (3.0), direct effect of psychosocial strengths on perceived severity of COVID-19 and indirect effect of self-control were assessed through path coefficients, t-values and r-square values. The results confirmed that there was significant negative relationship between psychosocial strengths and perceived severity of COVID-19 (β = -0.854, t =14.279) with 72% variance in perceived severity due to psychosocial strengths. Further, the results also suggest that self-control proved significant mediator between psychosocial strengths and perceived severity (β = -0.604, t = 11.004, variance in perceived severity is 74%).
Conclusion: In the time of pandemic, medical professionals are working as frontline force and can have several uncertainties regarding the risk associated with outbreak of COVID-19. This study concludes psychosocial strengths can play a significant role in subsiding the risk associated with severity of disease. Whereas, self-control can significantly contribute to buffer the negative influence of COVID-19 among frontline medical professionals. In line with findings of this study, there is a dire need to initiate psychotherapeutic studies for medical professionals to boost up their psychosocial strengths that would make them resilient against COVID-19.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2662
How to cite this:Saleem M, Dastgeer S, Durrani AK, Saad AA, Manzoor Z, Hussain HN. Self-control Mediates the Relationship between Psychosocial Strengths and Perceived Severity of COVID-19 among Frontline Healthcare Professionals of Pakistan: A Single Center Experience. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(COVID19-S4):COVID19-S62-S66. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2662
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Extension of a fixed-term employment contract: some theoretical and practical issues
Authors: Kichigin Sergey 
Published: May 2020

The problem of introducing changes to a fixed-term employment contract in terms of amending (extending) its term is an urgent applied problem in the work of personnel services, which often arises in the course of their practical work. Argued, based on established judicial practice, the solution to this problem will create clarity in the application of the norms of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
The norms of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation do not contain a ban on the application of the provisions of art. 72 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. However, to date there is no single, reasoned opinion on whether it is possible to change the term of a fixed-term employment contract, and if possible, under what conditions? On this issue, there are polar opinions. Both the courts and state authorities have repeatedly changed their position on this issue, right up to the diametrically opposite.
In this paper, the author attempts to answer this question on the basis of the existing judicial practice and the courts understand the relevant provisions of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the opinions of the federal authorities of the Russian Federation, as well as their own attempts to interpret the provisions of the law, and concludes that the term of a fixed-term labor contract in the presence of compliance with the necessary conditions dictated by the norms of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, established law enforcement practice.
Environment carrying capacity and willingness to pay for bird-watching ecotourism in Kerandangan Natural Park, Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Suana I Wayan , Ahyadi Hilman , Hadiprayitno Gito , Amin Saleh , Kalih Lalu Achmad Tan Tilar Wangsajati Sukmaring , Sudaryanto Franciscus Xaverius 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Suana IW, Ahyadi H, Hadiprayitno G, Amin S, Kalih LATTWS, Sudaryanto FX. 2020. Environment carrying capacity and willingness to pay for bird-watching ecotourism in Kerandangan Natural Park, Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2266-2274. Five trails of interest to bird-watchers and an observation point by the guest house of Kerandangan Natural Park (KNP) have potential to be developed as bird-watching ecotourism packages. In order to develop sustainable bird-watching ecotourism in KNP, we analyzed the environment carrying capacity and willingness to pay (WTP) for bird-watching ecotourism packages. All of the trails and an observation point in KNP were explored to determine the width and length of the trails, the visit time, as well as the soil texture and slope along the trails. Interviews with KNP managers and secondary data from Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Council (BMKG)-Climatology Station Class I-West Lombok were also used to determine the status of biophysical habitats. The environment carrying capacity was calculated by combining the physical carrying capacity, real carrying capacity, and effective carrying capacity. The results show that environment carrying capacity of bird-watching ecotourism packages in KNP was higher than the actual visitation levels. It indicates that opportunity to develop and increase the number of visitors is considerable. WTP was determined by Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) with payment card approach. Through the brochure, 150 respondents were given information on bird-watching ecotourism packages, then are offered three options, and only allowed to choose one that can be paid. Data were collected by the incidental sampling method. The results show that the visitors are willing to pay for bird-watching ecotourism packages, with mean WTP of US$ 20.7 per visitor. It implies that they are willing to shoulder the financial support for management and conservation of birds and their habitat in KNP. The findings provide important information for KNP managers for planning and marketing bird-watching ecotourism in KNP.
Stress-Induced Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy After Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt
Authors: Lamb Bernadette , Arbeiter Benjamin , Bhogal Neil , Anderson John , Jophlin Loretta 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
This report presents the first known documented case of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, characterized by transient left ventricular systolic dysfunction after a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure. A 59-year-old woman with decompensated cirrhosis underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure with subsequent new-onset heart failure without previous diagnostic evidence of underlying cardiovascular disease, including cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. After 2 weeks of medical management with β-blockade and diuretics, the patient had recovery of a left ventricular ejection fraction.
Tepung ubi kayu (manihot esculenta) dan tepung tempe kedelai mempengaruhi pengembangan volume dan mutu gizi protein roti tawar
Authors: Hamidah Nanik , M Legowo Anang , Anwar Syaiful 
Published: May 2020

Backround: Bread was a carbohydrate source’s food, was made from wheat flour. Cassava flour as substitution for wheat flour by modification process used physic method (boiling) to obtain resitant starch. Collaboration cassava flourwith tempeh flour to add protein velue. The research for attest substitution wheat flour with cassava flour and tempeh flour influence to volume characteristics and quality of protein nutrient for white breadMethods:The research methods used exsperiment with completely randomized design which consists of 5 treatment with 4 replications. Cassava flour was processed by modification used physical methods (boiling).Proportion for tempeh and cassava flour 0%, 6%, 12%, 18%, 24% combinated by tempeh flour proportion 3:1. Dependent variabel were size of volume white bread, quality of protein nutrient. Data Analysis used Anova. Result:The result of those research were found that the best chararacteristic from white bread was treatment 6%. Size of volume 3,15ml/g was size volume bread from composite flour ingredient. Quality of nutrient for protein consist of protein content increased from 6,15% to 8,76%, protein digestibility increased from 11,7% to 13,83%was compared for treatment 0%. Conclusion: Substitution wheat flour with cassava flour and tempeh flour influence white bread organoteptic (texture, colour (crumb, crust), taste), size of quality of nutrient protein.
Ducrosia ismaelis Asch. essential oil: chemical composition profile and anticancer, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential assessment
Authors: Mothana Ramzi A. , Nasr Fahd A. , Khaled Jamal M. , Noman Omar M. , Abutaha Nael , Al-Rehaily Adnan J. , Almarfadi Omar M. , Kurkcuoglu Mine 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe essential oil of Ducrosia ismaelis Asch. (Apiaceae) that grows wild in Saudi Arabia was investigated utilizing gas chromatography (GC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fifty constituents were characterized, representing 96.1% of the total oil. The D. ismaelis essential oil (DIEO) was distinguished by a high composition of oxygenated monoterpenes (51.6%). Decanal (40.6%), α-pinene (15.1%) and dodecanal (13.7%) were the fundamental components. Additionally, DIEO was evaluated for its cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities. DIEO revealed a great cytotoxic effectiveness against the tested cancer cell lines with IC50 values between 66.2 and 137.3 μg/mL particularly against MCF-7 cancer cells. Furthermore, the induction of apoptosis against MCF-7 cells has been asserted using staining assay (annexin VFITC and/or propidium iodide (PI) dyes) and flow cytometry technique. The DIEO possessed a strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacterial and fungal strains with MIC-values between 0.07 and 0.31 mg/ml. The values of MBC or MFC were almost once higher than those of MIC’s. Moreover, the β-carotene-bleaching and DPPH free radical-scavenging tests showed that DIEO had a moderate activity (68%) as an antioxidant agent in decolouring of the β-carotene at 1.0 mg/mL and a moderate radical scavenging for DPPH (66 and 72%) at 0.50 and 1.0 mg/mL.
The effect of silica-calcite sedimentary rock contained in the chicken broiler diet on the overall quality of chicken muscles
Authors: Makarski Mateusz , Niemiec Tomasz , Łozicki Andrzej , Pietrzak Dorota , Adamczak Lech , Chmiel Marta , Florowski Tomasz , Koczoń Piotr 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOpoka is a silica-calcite sedimentary rock chemically and structurally similar to diatomaceous earth (DE), composed mainly of silicon dioxide (SiO2), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), amorphous SiO. Opoka occurs predominantly in South Eastern Europe and Russia. Due to these specific properties investigation on the effect of opoka-enriched diet on chemical composition and overall quality of breast and leg muscles of broilers was initiated. Working samples showed a statistically significant increase in ash content or water content and a decrease in lipid content in the leg muscles of both male and female broilers (P<0.01). Furthermore, the addition of opoka to the diet increased WHC of leg muscles in females and hardness or chewiness of these muscles in both genders (P<0.05). The supplementation of broiler diet with opoka can be effectively applied to modify texture features of leg and breast muscle tissue which might, in turn, serve to regulate the nutritional and technological value of chicken meat.
Analysis of modern approaches for the prediction of electric energy consumption
Authors: Kalimoldayev Maksat , Drozdenko Aleksey , Koplyk Igor , Marinich T. , Abdildayeva Assel , Zhukabayeva Tamara 
Published: May 2020

AbstarctA review of modern methods of forming a mathematical model of power systems and the development of an intelligent information system for monitoring electricity consumption. The main disadvantages and advantages of the existing modeling approaches , as well as their applicability to the energy systems of Ukraine and Kazakhstan,are identified. The main factors that affect the dynamics of energy consumption are identified. A list of the main tasks that need to be implemented in order to develop algorithms for predicting electricity demand for various objects, industries and levels has been developed.
Green synthesis and characterization of hexaferrite strontium-perovskite strontium photocatalyst nanocomposites
Authors: Karahroudi Zahra Hajian , Hedayati Kambiz , Goodarzi Mojtaba 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study presents a preparation of SrFe12O19– SrTiO3 nanocomposite synthesis via the green auto-combustion method. At first, SrFe12O19 nanoparticles were synthesized as a core and then, SrTiO3 nanoparticles were prepared as a shell for it to manufacture SrFe12O19–SrTiO3 nanocomposite. A novel sol-gel auto-combustion green synthesis method has been used with lemon juice as a capping agent. The prepared SrFe12O19–SrTiO3 nanocomposites were characterized by using several techniques to characterize their structural, morphological and magnetic properties. The crystal structures of the nanocomposite were investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology of SrFe12O19– SrTiO3 nanocomposite was studied by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The elemental composition of the materials was analyzed by an energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). Magnetic properties and hysteresis loop of nanopowder were characterized via vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) in the room temperature. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the samples showed the molecular bands of nanoparticles. Also, the photocatalytic behavior of nanocomposites has been checked by the degradation of azo dyes under irradiation of ultraviolet light.
Modified Zagreb connection indices of the T-sum graphs
Authors: Ali Usman , Javaid Muhammad , Kashif Agha 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The quantitative structures activity relationships (QSAR) and quantitative structures property relationships (QSPR) between the chemical compounds are studied with the help of topological indices (TI’s) which are the fixed real numbers directly linked with the molecular graphs. Gutman and Trinajstic (1972) defined the first degree based TI to measure the total π-electrone energy of a molecular graph. Recently, Ali and Trinajstic (2018) restudied the connection based TI’s such as first Zagreb connection index, second Zagreb connection index and modified first Zagreb connection index to find entropy and accentric factor of the octane isomers. In this paper, we study the modified second Zagreb connection index and modified third Zagreb connection index on the T-sum (molecular) graphs obtained by the operations of subdivision and product on two graphs. At the end, as the applications of the obtained results for the modified Zagreb connection indices of the T-sum graphs of the particular classes of alkanes are also included. Mainly, a comparision among the Zagreb indices, Zagreb connection indices and modified Zagreb connection indices of the T-sum graphs of the particular classes of alkanes is performed with the help of numerical tables, 3D plots and line graphs using the statistical tools.
New generation of oxide-based nanoparticles for the applications in early cancer detection and diagnostics
Authors: Godlewski Michal M. , Kaszewski Jaroslaw , Kielbik Paula , Olszewski Jaroslaw , Lipinski Waldemar , Slonska-Zielonka Anna , Rosowska Julita , Witkowski Bartlomiej S. , Gralak Mikolaj A. , Gajewski Zdzislaw , Godlewski Marek 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHereby the possible applications of oxide nanoparticles in the cancer diagnostics and therapy are presented. Cancer diseases are nowadays one of the most common causes of death in the highly-developed countries. Discussed will be the current clinical cancer detection methods with their shortcomings. The role of nanomedicine in cancer medicine and the potential applications of nanoparticles debated in the literature will be critically evaluated. In the second part, the most common methods for the nanoparticle synthesis will be discussed. Finally, the system for cancer detection based on the enhanced permeation-retention of multimodal high-k oxide nanoparticles doped with lanthanides will be proposed for both for themagnetic resonance imaging (non-gadolinium contrast agents) and for fluorescence guided biopsy and surgery.
A review on the properties, reinforcing effects, and commercialization of
nanomaterials for cement-based materials
Authors: Zhao Zhifang , Qi Tianqi , Zhou Wei , Hui David , Xiao Cong , Qi Jieyi , Zheng Zhihong , Zhao Zhigang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The behavior of cement-based materials is manipulated by chemical and physical
processes at the nanolevel. Therefore, the application of nanomaterials in civil
engineering to develop nano-modified cement-based materials is a promising research.
In recent decades, a large number of researchers have tried to improve the properties
of cement-based materials by employing various nanomaterials and to characterize the
mechanism of nano-strengthening. In this study, the state of the art progress of
nano-modified cement-based materials is systematically reviewed and summarized.
First, this study reviews the basic properties and dispersion methods of
nanomaterials commonly used in cement-based materials, including carbon nanotubes,
carbon nanofibers, graphene, graphene oxide, nano-silica, nano-calcium carbonate,
nano-calcium silicate hydrate, etc. Then the research progress on nano-engineered
cementitious composites is reviewed from the view of accelerating cement hydration,
reinforcing mechanical properties, and improving durability. In addition, the market
and applications of nanomaterials for cement-based materials are briefly discussed,
and the cost is creatively summarized through market survey. Finally, this study also
summarizes the existing problems in current research and provides future perspectives
accordingly.