bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and risk factors of delirium after percutaneous coronary intervention in individuals hospitalised for acute myocardial infarction: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Kaizhuang , Lu Jiaying , Zhu Yaoli , Cheng Tao , Du Dahao , Qian Xueqin , Pan Haiyan , Wang Xiaohua , Yang Hong , Lou Shaofei 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionDelirium in the postoperative period is a wide-reaching problem that affects important clinical outcomes. The incidence and risk factors of delirium in individuals with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been completely determined and no relevant systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence or risk factors exists. Hence, we aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to ascertain the incidence and risk factors of delirium among AMI patients undergoing PCI.Methods and analysesWe will undertake a comprehensive literature search among PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Google Scholar from their inception to the search date. Prospective cohort and cross-sectional studies that described the incidence or at least one risk factor of delirium will be eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome will be the incidence of postoperative delirium. The quality of included studies will be assessed using a risk of bias tool for prevalence studies and the Cochrane guidelines. Heterogeneity of the estimates across studies will be assessed. Incidence and risk factors associated with delirium will be extracted. Incidence data will be pooled. Each risk factor reported in the included studies will be recorded together with its statistical significance; narrative and meta-analytical approaches will be employed. The systematic review and meta-analysis will be presented according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Ethics and disseminationThis proposed systematic review and meta-analysis is based on published data, and thus there is no requirement for ethics approval. The study will provide an up to date and accurate incidence and risk factors of delirium after PCI among patients with AMI, which is necessary for future research in this area. The findings of this study will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020184388.
Latest results on rare kaon decays from the NA48/2 experiment @CERN
Authors: Molokanova N. 
Published: December 2020

The NA48/2 experiment at CERN reports the first observation of the [Formula: see text] decay from an exposure of [Formula: see text] charged kaon decays recorded in 2003–2004. A sample of 4919 candidates with 4.9% background contamination allows the determination of the branching ratio in the full kinematic region. The study of the kinematic space shows evidence for a structure-dependent contribution in agreement with predictions based on chiral perturbation theory. Several [Formula: see text]- and [Formula: see text]-violating asymmetries are also evaluated. The most precise measurement of the charged kaon semi-leptonic form factors obtained by NA48/2 with 4.4 million [Formula: see text] and 2.3 million [Formula: see text] events collected in 2004 will also be presented.
Primordial intermediate mass black holes as dark matter
Authors: Frampton Paul H. 
Published: December 2020

Among particle theory candidates for the dark matter constituents. Axions and WIMPs are the most popular. In this paper, we discuss these then focus on our preferred astrophysical candidate, the Primordial Intermediate Mass Black Holes in the acronym DM[Formula: see text]=[Formula: see text]PIMBHs. The earliest experimental confirmation may come from microlensing of the Magellanic Clouds at the LSST 8 m telescope in the mid-2020s, or possibly a few years earlier in 2021 from work being pursued, using DECam data from the smaller Blanco 4 m telescope, at LLNL.
Angle sensitivity testing of equal-period plane diffraction grating fabricated through electron beam lithography line-by-line method
Authors: Dong Yunhui , He Wei , Zhang Wen , Dong Mingli 
Published: December 2020

An equal-period plane diffraction grating fabricated through electron beam lithography line-by-line method was designed and applied to the experiment of angle sensitivity testing. The size of the fabricated grating region was [Formula: see text] mm and the period was 1526 nm. The incident light was transmitted via the Y-type fiber to collimator lens fixed on the angle disc, which can be adjusted to change the incident light angle. The diffraction spectra generated by the incident light irradiating the grating surface were collected by the optical spectrum analyzer. In this experiment, the incident light angle was fixed at 25[Formula: see text]. When the spot moved horizontally by 50 mm, the diffraction wavelength was basically unchanged. When the incident light angle was adjusted from 15[Formula: see text] to 31[Formula: see text], the diffraction wavelength was changed from 834.03 nm to 1589.80 nm, the angular sensitivity was 47.508 nm/[Formula: see text], and the linearity was 0.9998.
Semi-interpenetrating Network Membrane from Polyethyleneimine-Epoxy Resin and Polybenzimidazole for HT-PEM Fuel Cells
Authors: Meng Chao , Huang Sheng , Han Dongmei , Ren Shan , Wang Shuanjin , Xiao Min 
Published: December 2020

In the present work, a semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) high-temperature proton exchange membrane based on polyethyleneimine (PEI), epoxy resin (ER), and polybenzimidazole (PBI) was prepared and characterized, aiming at their future application in fuel cell devices. The physical properties of the semi-IPN membrane are characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile strength test. The results indicate that the as-prepared PEI-ER/PBI semi-IPN membranes possess excellent thermal stability and mechanical strength. After phosphoric acid (PA) doping treatment, the semi-IPN membranes show high proton conductivities. PA doping level and volume swelling ratio as well as proton conductivities of the semi-IPN membranes are found to be positively related to the PEI content. High proton conductivities of

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are achieved at 160°C for these PA-doped PEI-ER/PBI series membranes. H2/O2 fuel cell assembled with PA-doped PEI-ER(1 : 2)/PBI membrane delivered a peak power density of 170 mW cm-2 at 160°C under anhydrous conditions.
Lauro Chiazzese, lo studio delle interpolazioni e i confronti ‘ritrovati’
Authors: Varvaro Mario 
Published: December 2020

Summary
A first draft of the Parte speciale of Chiazzese’s Confronti Testuali, projected as complement of the Parte generale published in 1933, was known for quite some time, but was only recently published by Falcone. Although this is an important transcription work of the manuscript, the reconstruction provided about the historical background – partially based on two different versions of an anecdote – should be read taking into account some clarifications.
The French Médersa in West Africa: Modernizing Islamic Education and Institutionalizing Colonial Racism, 1890s–1920s
Authors: Anderson Samuel D. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This article examines the origins and development of colonial Franco-Muslim education, with specific reference to the Médersa of Saint-Louis in Senegal. Often described as a failed experiment on the part of the French administration, the médersa nevertheless marked the first effort to “modernize” Islamic education in West Africa. This article argues that the médersa evolved, and eventually closed, in tandem with local engagement and the establishment of the racist idea of islam noir. It also highlights the role of Algerians and the Algerian médersa system in West Africa to argue for the importance of a trans-Saharan approach to Islamic education in the colonial period.
Theorizing Sunniyat as a Mode of Being: An Asadian Perspective from South Africa
Authors: Rafudeen Auwais 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Reflecting on thoughts by Talal Asad, this paper suggests an approach to theorizing Sunniyat – the approach to Islam taken by those commonly called “Barelvis” – in South Africa by focusing on sensibilities and dispositions. It specifically examines the kinds of sensibilities that are cultivated by adherents in their relationship to the Prophet as well as in their practice of everyday ethics. The aim is to shed light on the embodied nature of these sensibilities and not just their discursive context. In Asad’s work, both dimensions are important, but discourse is a prelude to embodiment, with the latter constituting one’s mode of being in the world. In thinking about Sunniyat in this way, the works of Abdulkader Tayob and Seraj Hendricks provide important precedents for navigating both discursiveness and embodiment in a South African Muslim context.
Classes of Grammarians East and West: Ṭabaqāt al-naḥwiyyīn wa-l-lughawiyyīn of al-Zubaydī and Marātib al-naḥwiyyīn of Abū l-Ṭayyib al-Lughawī
Authors: Ghersetti Antonella 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This article focuses on the internal organization of two biographical works about grammarians of Arabic: al-Zubaydī’s Ṭabaqāt and Abū l-Ṭayyib’s Marātib. An analysis of the macrostructure — the overall arrangement of the material in chapters or sections — and of the microstructure — the selection of information given in single entries — makes it possible to identify the criteria the authors used to organize their information and to highlight differences in their arrangement. This also allows us to understand the intended function of these works, as well as the aims and motives of their authors.
Introduction. Gift and Tribute in Early Modern Diplomacy: Afro-Eurasian Perspectives
Authors: Tremml-Werner Birgit , Hellman Lisa , van Meersbergen Guido 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Gifts and tribute have become a mainstay of scholarship on early modern diplomacy, particularly in studies of intercultural contacts. While New Diplomatic History has shown that a much wider and more global range of actors participated in shaping diplomatic contacts than was traditionally assumed, we still remain some distance removed from a truly global account of the interactive development of diplomatic norms and practices. This introduction situates the contributions in the special issue on “Gifts and Tribute in Early Modern Diplomacy: Afro-Eurasian Perspectives” within a survey of recent literature. It suggests that future scholarship on early modern diplomacy ought to focus on the ways in which global entanglements affected the structures, norms, and practices of inter-polity relations on a global scale. To achieve such an integrated account, future research will need to draw on an expanded range of voices, languages, concepts, and sources, as well as more concerted scholarly collaborations.
A Diamond or a Bear: the Spanish Court’s Practices of Gift-Giving with Extra-European Embassies
Authors: Gonzalez-Cuerva Ruben 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
By the seventeenth century, the Spanish court had developed a well-established practice of gift-giving to foreign representatives. The richness and variety of such gifts pretended to foster the hegemonic and prestigious image of the Catholic king. However, those agents not pertaining to the medieval framework of Christendom posed several challenges: how to compare and commensurate their rank and dignity with European examples? How to adapt (and to what extent) the local system to quite different tastes and cultural backgrounds?
The Beauties of Lucknow: An Urdu Photographic Album
Authors: Hansen Kathryn 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
ʿAbbās ʿAlī of Lucknow published several volumes of photographs which were unique in being accompanied by text in English and Urdu.The Beauties of Lucknow(1874), an album of female performers and costumed actors from the Indar Sabhā, is attributed to him. Based on examination of the rare book in five archival locations, this article accounts for the variations among them. It distinguishes between the photographer’s authorial intentions and the agency of artisans, collectors, and others who altered the artifact at various stages. Comparison of the textual apparatus of the English and Urdu editions reveals the author’s mode of address to different audiences. The Urdu introduction, saturated with poetic tropes, provides insight into ways of viewing photographs as formulated among the local cognoscenti. The article proposes that ʿAbbās ʿAlī’s book was meant as a private gift, as well as a publication for wider circulation.
Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography for Reduction of Anastomotic Leakage After Rectal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Li Zonglin , Zhou Yejiang , Tian Gang , Liu Yi , Jiang Yifan , Li Xin , Song Min 
Published: December 2020

Background Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography is a new technique that help surgeons to assess the blood perfusion of the anastomotic intestine. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether ICG fluorescence angiography can reduce the anastomotic leakage (AL) rate after colorectal anastomoses for rectal cancer (RC) patients. Methods Studies comparing AL rates between use and nonuse of ICG fluorescence angiography up to April 2020 were systematically searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. A pooled analysis was performed for the available data regarding the baseline features, AL rate, and other surgical outcomes. ReMan 5.3 software was used to perform the statistical analysis. Quality evaluation and publication bias were also conducted. Results Thirteen studies with a total of 2593 patients (1121 in the ICG group and 1472 in the control group) undergoing colorectal anastomoses after RC surgery were included. In the pooled analysis, the baseline data, operation time, and intraoperative blood loss in 2 groups were all comparable and without significant heterogeneity. However, the AL rate in the ICG group was significantly lower (OR .31; 95% CI .22-.44; P < .00001) than that in the control group. Additionally, ICG fluorescence angiography was associated with a decreased overall complication rate (OR .60; 95% CI .47-.76; P < .0001) in patients who undergo RC surgery. Conclusions The present study revealed that ICG fluorescence angiography reduced AL rate after colorectal anastomoses for RC patients. However, more high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm this benefit.
The Effect of the Crow Hop on Elbow Stress During an Interval Throwing Program
Authors: Lizzio Vincent A. , Smith D. Grace , Guo Eric W. , Cross Austin G. , Gulledge Caleb M. , Koolmees Dylan S. , Chalmers Peter N. , Makhni Eric C. 
Published: December 2020

Background: Postoperative rehabilitation protocols after ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) reconstruction typically involve a structured interval throwing program. In an effort to minimize torque placed on the UCL, athletes are often instructed to throw with a crow hop, even at short throwing distances. However, the effect of the crow hop on medial elbow stress is unknown. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to determine whether elbow stress differs with and without a crow hop across the throwing distances of a typical interval throwing program. We hypothesized that crow hop throws would generate lower torque on the elbow than standing throws at each distance of the interval throwing program. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Healthy high school and collegiate pitchers and position players were recruited from the surrounding area. Each player was outfitted with a wearable athletic sleeve and device that recorded elbow torque (Newton-meters), arm slot (degrees), arm speed (revolutions per minute), and shoulder rotation (degrees). Ball velocity (miles per hour) was measured using a radar gun. Players were instructed to perform 3 crow hop throws and 3 standing throws at distances of 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 feet. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare ball velocity, elbow torque, arm slot, arm speed, and shoulder rotation between crow hop and standing throws at each throwing distance. Results: Twenty athletes participated in this study (average age, 17.8 years; range, 15-25 years). The average medial elbow torque increased at each distance for both crow hop and standing throws at distances of 30, 45, 60, and 90 feet ( P < .05), after which there were no significant increases in elbow torque ( P > .05). The average torque was higher for crow hop throws than standing throws at distances of 30 feet (13.9 N·m vs 12.0 N·m; P = .002), 45 feet (21.8 N·m vs 19.3 N·m; P = .005), and 60 feet (28.0 N·m vs 24.5 N·m; P = .02). Conclusion: Crow hop throws generated greater medial elbow torque than standing throws at distances up to 60 feet; however, there were no differences in elbow torque at distances greater than 60 feet between the 2 throw types. For both crow hop and standing throws, elbow stress increased at each distance interval up to 90 feet before plateauing at distances greater than 90 feet. The crow hop throwing technique does not reduce medial elbow stress during a simulated interval throwing program, and it may actually increase torque at shorter throwing distances. Clinical Relevance: The results of our study indicate that it would be prudent for players to initially perform standing throws at shorter distances and only later be allowed to employ a natural crow hop at greater distances to minimize torque placed on the medial elbow during UCL rehabilitation protocols.
ACE2: the molecular doorway to SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Medina-Enríquez Miriam Marlene , Lopez-León Sandra , Carlos-Escalante José Alberto , Aponte-Torres Zuleika , Cuapio Angelica , Wegman-Ostrosky Talia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the host functional receptor for the new virus SARS-CoV-2 causing Coronavirus Disease 2019. ACE2 is expressed in 72 different cell types. Some factors that can affect the expression of the ACE2 are: sex, environment, comorbidities, medications (e.g. anti-hypertensives) and its interaction with other genes of the renin-angiotensin system and other pathways. Different factors can affect the risk of infection of SARS-CoV-2 and determine the severity of the symptoms. The ACE2 enzyme is a negative regulator of RAS expressed in various organ systems. It is with immunity, inflammation, increased coagulopathy, and cardiovascular disease. In this review, we describe the genetic and molecular functions of the ACE2 receptor and its relation with the physiological and pathological conditions to better understand how this receptor is involved in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. In addition, it reviews the different comorbidities that interact with SARS-CoV-2 in which also ACE2 plays an important role. It also describes the different factors that interact with the virus that have an influence in the expression and functional activities of the receptor. The goal is to provide the reader with an understanding of the complexity and importance of this receptor.
Relaxation of the order-parameter statistics and dynamical confinement
Authors: Javier Valencia Tortora Riccardo , Calabrese Pasquale , Collura Mario 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We study the relaxation of the local ferromagnetic order in the quantum Ising chain in a slant field with both longitudinal and transverse components. After preparing the system in a fully polarised state, we analyse the time evolution of the entire probability distribution function (PDF) of the magnetisation within a block of ℓ spins. We first analyse the effect of confinement on the Gaussification of the PDF for large ℓ, showing that the melting of initial order is suppressed when the longitudinal field is aligned to initial magnetisation while it is speed up when it is in the opposite direction. Then we study the thermalisation dynamics. In the paramagnetic region, the PDF quickly shows thermal features. Conversely, in the ferromagnetic phase, when confinement takes place, the relaxation suffers a typical slowing down which depends on the interplay between the strength of the longitudinal field, the density of excitations, and the direction of the initial polarisation. Even when the initial magnetisation is aligned oppositely to the longitudinal field, confinement prevents thermalisation in the accessible timescale, as it is neatly bared by the PDF.
Stochastic resetting antiviral therapies prevent drug resistance development
Authors: Ramoso A. M. , Magalang J. A. , Sánchez-Taltavull D. , Esguerra J. P. , Roldán É. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We study minimal mean-field models of viral drug resistance development in which the efficacy of a therapy is described by a one-dimensional stochastic resetting process with mixed reflecting-absorbing boundary conditions. We derive analytical expressions for the mean survival time for the virus to develop complete resistance to the drug. We show that the optimal therapy resetting rates that achieve a minimum and maximum mean survival times undergo a second- and first-order phase transition-like behaviour as a function of the therapy efficacy drift. We illustrate our results with simulations of a population dynamics model of HIV-1 infection.
Families of people with Marfan syndrome. The relationship between the functioning of the family system and the life quality of the affected persons
Authors: Lewandowska- Walter Aleksandra , Trawicka Agnieszka , Bogdanowicz Marta , Sabiniewicz Robert , Woźniak-Mielczarek Lidia 
Published: December 2020

Cel pracyCelem badania była analiza funkcjonowania rodziny w percpecji osoby z zespołem Marfana oraz poszukiwanie zależności między cechami systemu a ogólną jakością życia chorych.MetodaW badaniu uczesniczyły 33 osoby z zespołem Marfana oraz 33 osoby bez diagnozy choroby przewlekłej. Wykorzystano Skale Oceny Rodziny – polską adaptację FACES-IV D. H. Olsona oraz SWLS (Satisfaction with Life Scale) autorstwa Dienera, Emmonsa, Larsona i Griffina.WynikiOsoby z zespołem Marfana postrzegają swoje rodziny jako znacznie mniej spójne i znacznie bardziej niezwiązane od osób bez diagnozy przewlekłej choroby. System rodzinny osób z zespołem Marfana charakteryzuje się niskimi wynikami w zakresie spójności i elastyczności oraz wysokimi wynikami w pozostałych czterech skalach, co wskazuje na profil rodziny podobny do "niezrównoważonego" systemu. Satysfakcja z życia osób z zespołem Marfana korelowała pozytywnie ze Spójnością, Elastycznością i Satysfakcją z Życia Rodzinnego jako cechami postrzeganego przez nich system rodzinnego.WnioskiUzyskane wyniki potwierdzają znaczenie wspierania rodziny osób z zespołem Marfana jako oraz udzielania im specjalistycznej pomocy w radzeniu sobie z obciążeniem emocjonalnym związanym ze zdrowiem pacjenta.