bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Stones do not Speak for Themselves’: Disentangling Berlin’s Palimpsest
Authors: Copley Clare 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
At the time of German unification, politicians, historians and academics expressed concerns that the material legacies of National Socialism had become too integrated into Berlin’s urban fabric. Unification disrupted the status quo of several such buildings and campaigners sought to use this as an opportunity to facilitate increased engagement with their National Socialist layers. Through exploring the contests that surrounded three high-profile examples, the Aviation Ministry, Olympic Stadium and Tempelhof Airport, this article will reveal the contingent nature of post-unification responses to Berlin’s National Socialist layer. Firstly, it will analyse the debates that surrounded the buildings and demonstrate that the problematisation of heritage is a process, one shaped and mediated by myriad factors not necessarily relating to the trace itself. Secondly, it will show that the attempts to bring about increased engagement with each of the sites’ histories have been informed by a common rationale, namely, the development of a ‘palimpsestic’ approach to each building’s layers.
Formations of Secularity in Ancient Japan?
Authors: Kleine Christoph 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Starting from the premise that the diversity of forms for distinguishing between ‘the religious’ and ‘the secular’ (i.e., multiple secularities) in global modernity is the result of different cultural preconditions in the appropriation of Western normative concepts of secularism, I would like to offer a modest contribution to the understanding of the corresponding cultural preconditions in Japan. I will try to show that the specific—and at first glance, relatively unproblematic—appropriation of secularity as a regulatory principle in modern Japan is to some extent path dependent on relatively stable and durable epistemic and social structures that have emerged in the course of ‘critical junctures’ in history. In this context, I would like to put up for discussion my hypothesis that some decisions taken in the period between the sixth and eighth centuries CE regarding the organisation of the relationship between ‘the religious’ and ‘the secular’ generated path dependencies that were effective well into the nineteenth century.
Evaluation of an E–ε and Three Other Boundary Layer Parameterization Schemes in the WRF Model over the Southeast Pacific and the Southern Great Plains
Authors: Zhang Chunxi , Wang Yuqing , Xue Ming 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
To accurately simulate the atmospheric state within the planetary boundary layer (PBL) by PBL parameterization scheme in different regions with their dominant weather/climate regimes is important for global/regional atmospheric models. In this study, we introduce the turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) and TKE dissipation rate (ε) based 1.5-order closure PBL parameterization (E–ε, EEPS) in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. The performances of the newly implemented EEPS scheme and the existing Yonsei University (YSU) scheme, the University of Washington (UW) scheme, and Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino (MYNN) scheme are evaluated over the stratocumulus dominated southeast Pacific (SEP) and over the Southern Great Plains (SGP) where strong PBL diurnal variation is common. The simulations by these PBL parameterizations are compared with various observations from two field campaigns: the Variability of American Monsoon Systems Project (VAMOS) Ocean–Cloud–Atmosphere–Land Study (VOCALS) in 2008 over the SEP and the Land–Atmosphere Feedback Experiment (LAFE) in 2017 over the SGP. Results show that the EEPS and YSU schemes perform comparably over both regions, while the MYNN scheme performs differently in many aspects, especially over the SEP. The EEPS (MYNN) scheme slightly (significantly) underestimates liquid water path over the SEP. Compared with observations, the UW scheme produces the best PBL height over the SEP. The MYNN produces too high PBL height over the western part of the SEP while both the YSU and EEPS schemes produce too low PBL and cloud-top heights. The differences among the PBL schemes in simulating the PBL features over the SGP are relatively small.
Risk factors of in-hospital mortality in adult postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock patients successfully weaned from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Xie Haixiu , Yang Feng , Hou Dengbang , Wang Xiaomeng , Wang Liangshan , Wang Hong , Hou Xiaotong 
Published: December 2019

Objective: Mortality of adult postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock patients after successfully weaned from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation remains high. The objective of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with mortality after successfully weaning from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in adult postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock patients. Methods: All consecutive patients who were successfully weaned from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation between January 2011 and December 2016 at the Beijing Anzhen Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality after successfully weaning from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Results: In total, 212 (58.4%) of 363 postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock patients were successfully weaned from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The non-survivors had a longer duration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation than the survivors (120.0 (98.0, 160.50) vs. 100.0 (77.0, 126.0), p = 0.000). Variables associated with mortality of patients successfully weaned from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation by univariable analysis were age, diabetes, vasoactive inotropic score pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, vasoactive inotropic score at weaning, left ventricular ejection fraction at weaning, central venous pressure at weaning, sequential organ failure assessment score pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, sequential organ failure assessment at weaning, survival after venoarterial ECMO pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and survival after venoarterial ECMO at weaning. In the multivariate analysis, sequential organ failure assessment score at weaning (odds ratio = 1.889, 95% confidence interval = 1.460-2.455, p < 0.001) was an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality of patients successfully weaned from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The cumulative 30-day survival rate in patients with a sequential organ failure assessment score < 7 was significantly ( p < 0.001) higher than in patients with a sequential organ failure assessment score ⩾ 7 (87% vs. 56.7%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Vasoactive inotropic score, left ventricular ejection fraction, central venous pressure, and sequential organ failure assessment score at weaning were associated with in-hospital mortality for postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock patients successfully weaned from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Sequential organ failure assessment score might help clinicians to predict in-hospital mortality for patients successfully weaned from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Association between serum iron levels and the risk of cervical cancer in Chinese: a meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Shu , Shen Liyuan , Luo Shujuan , Lan Xia , Wang Lan 
Published: December 2019

Objectives To evaluate the association between serum iron levels and cervical cancer risk in Chinese populations. Methods A literature search was conducted using the PubMed, WanFang, and SinoMed databases up to April 30, 2019. Pooled standard mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were analyzed using R software with a random-effects model. Results Data from nine studies comprising 454 cervical cancer patients and 880 controls were used in the analysis. Our results demonstrated that serum iron levels in cervical cancer patients were significantly lower than those in controls in Chinese populations (summary SMD = −1.24, 95%CI = −1.37 to −1.10; I2 = 93.4%). No publications bias was detected. Sensitivity analysis indicated that no single study had a significant effect on the overall SMD. Conclusions Our findings show that serum iron levels are lower in patients with cervical cancer than in control individuals. However, further high-quality studies are necessary to clarify the role of serum iron levels in cervical cancer risk.
Diagnostic value of alpha-fetoprotein, Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive alpha-fetoprotein, and des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Song Ting , Wang Lili , Su Bin , Zeng Weiping , Jiang Taiyi , Zhang Tong , Sun Guizhen , Wu Hao 
Published: December 2019

Objective This study aimed to explore the use of different combinations of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive AFP (AFP-L3), and des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated liver cirrhosis (LC). Methods There were 167 subjects, including 100 with HCC and 67 with LC, who were enrolled into this study. Serum AFP, AFP-L3, and DCP levels were detected by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay and analyzed using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) method. Results The sensitivity and specificity of AFP and DCP for differentiating between early HCC and HBV-associated LC were 51.5% and 92.5%, and 60.0% and 84.7%, respectively. Comparative analysis of ROC curves showed no significant difference in the area under the curve (AUC) for AFP and DCP. Moreover, the combination of AFP and DCP showed the largest AUC value with a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 67% and 83.1%, respectively. Conclusion These results suggest that AFP is the best single biomarker for distinguishing between HBV-associated LC and early HCC induced by HBV. However, the combination of AFP and DCP can enhance the diagnostic value of AFP for differentiating between these diseases.
Epidemiology of electrical burns: a 10-year retrospective analysis of 376 cases at a burn centre in South China
Authors: Ding Huarong , Huang Meimei , Li Dehui , Lin Yuan , Qian Wei 
Published: December 2019

Objective To investigate the epidemiological profile and associated outcomes of electrical injuries at a major burn centre in southern China. Methods This retrospective study enrolled consecutive electrical burn patients admitted to the burn centre of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between 2008 and 2017. Demographic and clinical data and outcomes were recorded. Mann–Whitney U tests/Pearson’s chi-squared tests were used to examine the differences between low-voltage and high-voltage injuries. Results There were 217 high-voltage injuries and 159 low-voltage injuries. High-voltage burns were frequently observed between March and August, and low-voltage burns peaked between June and September. Burn patients were mainly men. Most burns occurred in participants aged 21 to 50 years and in industrial workers and electricians at work or householders at home. Only one person with high-voltage burns died (a mortality rate of 0.46%). Amputation rates were 37.33% for high-voltage burns and 22.01% for low-voltage burns. High-voltage injuries were associated with more extensive burns, longer hospital stays, and more complications and amputations. Conclusions More attention should be paid to prevention of electrical burns in male adults. Particular focus is needed on industrial workers, incidents in the spring and summer, and high-voltage injuries.
Ultra-rapid brain uptake of subcutaneous sumatriptan in the rat: Implication for cluster headache treatment
Authors: Muzzi Mirko , Zecchi Riccardo , Ranieri Giuseppe , Urru Matteo , Tofani Lorenzo , De Cesaris Francesco , Panconesi Alessandro , Chiarugi Alberto 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundIn spite of the substantial therapeutic efficacy of triptans, their site of action is still debated. Subcutaneous sumatriptan is the most efficacious symptomatic treatment for cluster headache (CH) patients, showing therapeutic onset within a few minutes after injection even in migraine patients. However, whether subcutaneous sumatriptan is able to reach the CNS within this short time frame is currently unknown.MethodsHere, by means of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, we investigated peripheral and brain distribution of subcutaneous sumatriptan soon after injection in rats at a dose equivalent to that used in patients. Tissue sumatriptan contents were compared to those of oxazepam, a prototypical lipophilic, neuroactive drug.ResultsWe report that sumatriptan accumulated within brain regions of relevance to migraine and CH pathogenesis such as the hypothalamus and the brainstem as soon as 1 and 5 minutes after injection. Notably, sumatriptan brain distribution was faster than that of oxazepam, reaching concentrations exceeding its reported binding affinity for 5HT1B/Dreceptors, and in the range of those able to inhibit neurotransmitter release in vivo.ConclusionOur findings indicate that sumatriptan distributes within the CNS soon after injection, and are in line with prompt pain relief by parenteral sumatriptan in CH patients.
Fashion Libraries as a Means for Sustainability Education—An Exploratory Case Study of Adolescents’ Consumer Culture
Authors: Becker-Leifhold Carolin , Hirscher Anja-Lisa 
Published: December 2019

Adolescents often do not consider sustainability in their consumption behaviours. Sustainability issues are challenging to communicate through course content alone. Against this background, the concept of fashion libraries (FLs) was introduced to adolescents at a non-denominational school in a small German city. The purpose was to explore whether the students’ attitudes would change over time in response to distinct interventions and project-based learning, such as the foundation of an FL, upcycling workshops and lectures on sustainability. The sample comprised 10 female adolescents in the age between 13 and 16 years, who volunteered to participate in the clothing library project. An exploratory mixed-methods approach, including a questionnaire, two interventions and pre-and post-intervention in-depth interviews, was utilized. The findings hint at an incremental change in the students’ attitudes towards an appreciation of garments and a change in behaviour. They started to reflect their behaviour and consequently reduced the frequency and quantity of their clothing purchases. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first article in which an FL was founded to investigate the consumption behaviour of adolescents.
Oncology pharmacist-led medication reconciliation among cancer patients initiating chemotherapy
Authors: Chun Danielle S , Faso Aimee , Muss Hyman B , Sanoff Hanna K , Valgus John , Lund Jennifer L 
Published: December 2019

Background Pharmacist-led medication reconciliation (PMR) ensures adequate recording and use of medications by patients. PMR may be important for cancer patients initiating new therapies, as they have a high burden of medication use and are more susceptible to inadvertent medication discrepancies. To describe medication changes (additions, discontinuations, and modifications) made to the electronic health record during a PMR among cancer patients initiating chemotherapy. Methods From October 2011 to March 2012, 397 cancer patients initiating chemotherapy underwent a PMR at the University of North Carolina Cancer Hospital. Self-reported medications and those in the patients’ electronic health record were reviewed. Log-binomial regression models were used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the associations between patient characteristics and medication changes made to the electronic health record. Results Mean age at time of the PMR was 58. Median number of medications taken prior to the PMR was 10 and median time to PMR completion was 11 min. Vitamins and herbal supplements accounted for the largest proportion of medication additions (38%) and modifications (20%). Antimicrobials accounted for the largest share of discontinuations (15%). After adjustment for all other covariates, patients aged 60–69 years were more likely to have additions than those aged 50 and under (aPR = 1.47, 95%CI: 1.10–1.97). Patients 70 years and over were more likely to have modifications (aPR = 1.74, 95%CI: 1.07–2.82). Conclusion Our results show that most cancer patients had a medication change in the electronic health record. A brief oncology PMR can accurately capture and improve medication safety by preventing prescribing and administration errors.
Early cannulation of percutaneously created arteriovenous hemodialysis fistulae
Authors: Mallios Alexandros , Beathard Gerald A , Jennings William C 
Published: December 2019

Introduction: The optimal vascular access for most dialysis patients is an arteriovenous fistula and the recognized appropriate process of care for the chronic kidney disease patient is to have the access in place ready for use when renal replacement therapy is required. Unfortunately, as a result of multiple barriers, most patients start dialysis with a catheter and many experience multiple interventions. The recent advent of the percutaneous arteriovenous fistula may offer at least a partial solution to these problems. The purpose of this study was to report of the results of early cannulation of the percutaneous arteriovenous fistula. Materials and Methods: Early cannulation, less than 14 days post creation, was performed in 14 cases in order to avoid an initial catheter or continued use of a problematic catheter for dialysis. Immediately post access creation, blood flow ranged from 491 to 1169 mL/min (mean = 790 mL/min). Ultrasound was used to map potential cannulation sites prior to use. Cannulation was performed using plastic fistula cannulas. Results: Early cannulation was successful in this cohort of cases except for one cannulation complication. Dialysis treatments were otherwise uncomplicated. Primary patency at 3, 6, and 12 months was 76%, 76%, and 66%, respectively. Assisted primary patency for the same intervals was 100%, 100%, and 91%, respectively. Cumulative patency was 100% at all three-time intervals. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the possibility of successful early cannulation with a percutaneous arteriovenous fistula can be considered as an additional factor in making this access a reasonable alternative for a surgically created arteriovenous fistula in appropriate patients.
PrEP talk: Media narratives and the terrifying sublime
Authors: Niedt Greg 
Published: December 2019

Despite the clinical success of Truvada-as-PrEP in preventing HIV transmission for several years, it has still not yet been widely adopted by the MSM community. Clinicians insist that the drug is safe, and there are avenues to pay for the drug even for the uninsured—and yet, there is hesitation. Since the 1980s, HIV/AIDS narratives have been linked to what Susan Sontag (1989) calls an “imputation of guilt,” and more broadly, the creation of a connection between queer sexuality and social stigma whose inertia is difficult to escape. How is the way people talk about PrEP framed by this discursive history? Can the community’s reluctance be understood in those terms, and addressed by deeper understandings of how the disease and its treatment are conceived? This article takes a discourse analysis approach to examine the narratives surrounding PrEP, in particular those that have circulated in online and print media in the USA. These are contextualized by the evolution of conversations surrounding the disease and its treatment, from “death sentence” to chronic illness to medical condition. Following Kover (1998), HIV/AIDS is positioned here as an object of the terrifying sublime, that can only be dealt with indirectly, while PrEP represents a (possible) shift in strategies for coping with the disease, from avoidance to confrontation, with all that that entails.
Importance of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor use in diabetic patients with acute heart failure
Authors: Kambara Takahiro , Shibata Rei , Osanai Hiroyuki , Nakashima Yoshihito , Asano Hiroshi , Murohara Toyoaki , Ajioka Masayoshi 
Published: December 2019

Background: It is known that once heart failure occurs in older patients with diabetes, the overall prognosis is extremely poor. We investigated whether early initiation of SGLT2 inhibitor therapy after admission was beneficial for diabetic patients requiring inpatient treatment for acute heart failure. Methods: We retrospectively assessed consecutive patients with comorbid diabetes who were admitted to the Department of Cardiology in Tosei General Hospital for treatment of acute heart failure. Patients were divided into two groups: those who initiated SGLT2 inhibitor therapy (SGLT2 inhibitor group; mean age: 73 ± 9 years) and those who did not receive the inhibitors during hospitalization (conventional treatment group; mean age: 75 ± 10 years). Results: No intergroup differences were observed in the distribution of either the severity or classes of heart failure on admission. Glycosylated hemoglobin levels were significantly higher in the SGLT2 inhibitor group (HbA1c: 8.1% ± 0.8%) than in the conventional treatment group (HbA1c: 7.1% ± 0.8%) ( p = 0.003). After admission, patients in both groups recovered equally well, and in almost the same period of time, before discharge. The rate of diuretics use at the time of discharge in the SGLT2 inhibitor group ( n = 8, 67%) was significantly lower than that in the conventional treatment group ( n = 19, 100%) ( p = 0.016). In particular, the dose of loop diuretics in the conventional treatment group was 34 ± 4 mg/day while that in the SGLT2 inhibitor group was significantly lower at 13 ± 5 mg/day ( p = 0.008). During hospitalization, the incidence of acute kidney injury was significantly higher in the conventional treatment group ( n = 11, 58%) than in the SGLT2 inhibitor group ( n = 2, 16%) ( p = 0.031). Conclusions: For the treatment and management of heart failure in patients with diabetes, early initiation of SGLT2 inhibitor therapy appears to be effective.