bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phronetische bestuurskunde
Authors: La Grouw Yvonne 
Published: April 2020

Phronetic public administration. An answer to public administration research lacking social relevance.
The discipline of public administration is critiqued for its lack of social relevance. Three issues prevent public administration scholars from social relevant research: (1) the assumption of universal knowledge; (2) the assumption of neutrality; and (3) distance from practice. These issues obscure the role of power processes in both the administrative practice under study and in conducting research, while paying attention to power processes is key to a more socially relevant public administration. I propose a phronetic research approach as an alternative to research that lacks social relevance. Phronetic public administration (1) acknowledges and deliberately uses the complexity of different perspectives of actors; (2) makes power processes visible; and (3) chooses a position in a dialogue about the problem under study by imagining alternative future scenarios. Phronetic research offers a promising, critical perspective on public administration by specifically aiming for a social contribution.
Diurnal-, Seasonal- and Site-Dependent Variability in Ground-level Total Non-Methane Hydrocarbon in Nagpur City of Central India
Authors: Majumdar Deepanjan , Gavane Ashok Gangadhar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Temporal & spatial variations in ground-level total non-methane hydrocarbon (TNMHC) were studied in Nagpur urban agglomeration (UA) for a year over three seasons viz. post-monsoon (September-October), winter (January-February) and summer (May-June) in 2013–14. Ground-level TNMHC showed low to moderate spatial (over residential, commercial, traffic intersections, residential cum commercial sites) and temporal (at 7:00, 13:00; 18:00 and 23:00 h in all three seasons) variations. There was no specific increasing or decreasing trend with time, either within a day or a season. Daily mean concentration of TNMHC (averaged over concentrations at 7:00, 13:00; 18:00 and 23:00 h) ranged from 0.88–1.73 ppmV, 1.75–4.04 ppmV and 1.20–1.53 ppmV at residential sites; 2.99–6.47 ppmV, 1.52–7.38 ppmV and 0.98–1.63 ppmV at traffic site; 0.83–1.15 ppmV, 2.03–3.24 ppmV, 1.1–1.70 ppmV at residential cum commercial sites and 1.05–4.79 ppmV, 6.2–8.58 ppmV, 0.34–0.64 ppmV at the purely commercial site, during post-monsoon, winter and summer, respectively. Occasional spikes (TNMHC>10 to <13.6 ppmV) were observed on three occasions over two sites in winter but reasons thereof remained unidentified. During Diwali Festival (in post-monsoon) marked by large-scale firecrackers bursting, observed TNMHC concentrations hovered around 3–5 ppmV, which almost matched with 90th percentile of other post-monsoon concentrations. Highest mean seasonal TNMHC concentration was observed during winter, followed by means of post monsoon and summer seasons while mean ground-level TNMHC concentrations on weekdays were slightly higher (1.17–1.21 times) than weekends over all seasons.
Analysis of physical education lessons in the aspect of its organization, teacher’s work and attitudes as well as attitudes of students on the example of participant observation
Authors: Madejski Eligiusz 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: The lesson as the basic methodical unit is the most important link in the process of physical education. The aim of the research was to learn the organization and course of physical activities in early school teaching, teacher’s work and attitudes, and students’ attitudes towards lessons. Material and methods: The research used focused, public participant observation, which covered 128 lesson units in 19 randomly selected primary schools in Krakow. To describe the obtained qualitative data, the statement of numbers and percentages and the percent chart were used. Results: Most physical education lessons were held in the gym. A large part of physical activities were carried out contrary to the principles of building the lesson. There was also a lack of individualization of requirements for students, the use of praise and grades for correctly performed exercises, and the enforcement of instructions given to students. Almost half the lesson was unattractive. During the classes very good treatment of students by teachers was visible. Conclusions: In addition to well-conducted preparatory activities before PE, a number of organizational and methodological errors were noted. Teachers’ attitudes towards tasks related to conducting physical activities were not satisfactory. The attitude of students to the duties related to participation in physical education lessons was positive.
Analyser les changements des politiques publiques par des critères cognitifs et institutionnels
Authors: Lukic Melina de Souza Rocha 
Published: April 2020

Cet article est basé sur une étude de cas des changements de la politique fiscale au Brésil. Dans ce pays, le paradigme du système fiscal a changé lors de la mise en oeuvre de la Constitution de 1988 et du processus de démocratisation. Toutefois, malgré ce changement initial de la politique, son paradigme s’est développé d’une manière différente de ce que la théorie cognitive a prescrit : pas comme un changement radical, mais plutôt d’une façon plus progressive. Ainsi, l’analyse du changement d’une politique publique qui s’appuie uniquement sur les critères cognitifs a montré des limites et n’explique pas le processus qui s’est produit dans le cas de la fiscalité au Brésil. Par ailleurs, les approches du néo-institutionnalisme ont proposé un modèle beaucoup plus raffiné pour expliquer le changement de politiques publiques en présentant un modèle basé sur des changements graduels. Cet article propose la notion de changement par « sédimentation cognitive » et défend une vision selon laquelle l’étude des changements de politiques publiques nécessite un lien entre les idées et les institutions, par la combinaison de l’approche cognitive et des théories du néo-institutionnalisme. En outre, la présente étude montre que dans le cas de la fiscalité au Brésil, des changements d’ordre cognitif ont par la suite entraîné des changements d’ordre institutionnel.
La décision budgétaire des collectivités locales en France
Authors: Leroy Marc 
Published: April 2020

Cet article examine la décision budgétaire des collectivités locales françaises comme processus démocratique, face à la crise de la globalisation économique de 2008 qui s’est transformée en « crise » des finances publiques. La méthodologie croise l’analyse (néo)institutionnelle des réformes, l’analyse statistique des budgets locaux et une enquête par entretiens. Avec la participation des États, un « gouvernement » européen de la rigueur a été instauré par diverses réformes. Une typologie des choix budgétaires concrets montre que les modèles élitaires et technocratiques sont prédominants par rapport au modèle démocratique. Malgré la variété des jeux budgétaires des acteurs, la mutation de l’action publique locale est difficile en raison notamment de la culture traditionnelle de la dépense du système local français. Ces résultats mettent en question la légitimité politique de la décentralisation, de la performance gestionnaire et de la démocratie représentative de proximité.
The Influence of Minority Stress on Level of Depression among Thai LGBT Adults
Authors: Kittiteerasack Priyoth , Steffen Alana , Matthews Alicia 
Published: April 2020

In the US, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals report higher rates of depression compared with heterosexual and cisgender persons. To date, little is known about the mental health of LGBT adults in Thailand. Here, we examined rates and correlates of depression among a volunteer sample of Thai LGBTs. Data were collected as part of a larger cross-sectional survey study. Standardized measures of sexual orientation and gender identity, stress, coping style, and minority stressors were completed. Of the 411 participants, 40.3% met the criteria for depression. In multivariate analyses, the combined influences of sociodemographic factors, general stress, coping strategies, and minority-specific stress variables explained 47.2% of the variance in depression scores (F[16,367]= 20.48, p<.001). Correlates of depression included coping strategies and minority-specific stressors, including experiences of victimization, discrimination, and level of identity concealment. Study findings have implications for psychiatric nursing practice and the development of intervention research. Abstrak Di AS, individu lesbian, gay, biseksual, dan transgender (LGBT) melaporkan tingkat depresi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan orang heteroseksual dan cisgender. Saat ini, sedikit yang diketahui tentang kesehatan mental pada orang dewasa dengan LGBT di Thailand. Di sini, kami meneliti tingkat dan korelasi depresi di antara sampel sukarelawan LGBT Thailand. Data dikumpulkan sebagai bagian dari studi survei cross-sectional yang lebih besar. Pengukuran terstandar terhadap orientasi seksual dan identitas gender, stres, koping, dan stresor minoritas telah selesai. Dari 411 peserta, 40,3% memenuhi kriteria untuk depresi. Dalam analisis multivariat, pengaruh gabungan faktor sosiodemografi, stres umum, strategi koping, dan variabel stres spesifik-minoritas menjelaskan 47,2% dari varians dalam skor depresi (F [16,367]= 20,48, p< 0,001). Korelasi depresi termasuk strategi koping dan stres spesifik-minoritas, termasuk pengalaman viktimisasi, diskriminasi, dan tingkat penyembunyian identitas. Temuan penelitian memiliki implikasi untuk praktik keperawatan psikiatris dan pengembangan penelitian intervensi. Kata kunci: depresi, LGBT, minoritas seksual dan gender; stres minoritas, Thailand
Study on the characteristics of work‐unit type in spaces for individual learning of pupils and students: A case study on the work‐unit type school buildings in Sweden
Authors: Kakino Yoshinori 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to clarify the spatial characteristics of work‐units comprising advanced school buildings in Sweden based on the learning activities of pupils and students. The results of this study are as follows.

A work‐unit is composed of seven to nine types of rooms and two types of partitions.
Work‐units include four types of learning of the same content together, and three types of learning in small groups or by individuals.
The rooms in a work‐unit are separated by doors and removable partitions. This enables students to set the spaces for learning by themselves, by opening/closing the doors or rearranging the partitions.
In higher grades, students can be provided the opportunity to choose their own spaces and content for learning.
FRST: A national soil testing database to improve fertility recommendations
Authors: Lyons Sarah E. , Osmond Deanna L. , Slaton Nathan A. , Spargo John T. , Kleinman Peter J. A. , Arthur Dan K. , McGrath Joshua M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSoil testing is an important practice for nutrient management in agricultural production systems. In the United States, soil‐test methods and interpretations vary across state lines, making institutional collaborations challenging and crop fertilization guidelines inconsistent. Uniformity and transparency in P and K soil fertility testing and fertilizer recommendations are needed to enhance end‐user adoption. The Fertilizer Recommendation Support Tool (FRST) project is developing a comprehensive database of P and K correlation–calibration results that can be accessed through an online tool for use in research and fertilizer recommendation development. This collaborative project, which includes over 30 land‐grant universities, the USDA‐ARS, the USDA‐NRCS, and several not‐for‐profit organizations, contains a national survey describing the current status of soil testing, minimum requirements for correlation–calibration data inclusion, and database population and creating FRST as a user‐friendly online decision support tool. The FRST project will provide more consistent, transparent, and science‐based information for crop nutrient recommendations across the United States.
Tricuspid regurgitation velocity and other biomarkers of mortality in children, adolescents and young adults with sickle cell disease in the United States: The PUSH study
Authors: Nouraie Mehdi , Darbari Deepika S. , Rana Sohail , Minniti Caterina P. , Castro Oswaldo L. , Luchtman‐Jones Lori , Sable Craig , Dham Niti , Kato Gregory J. , Gladwin Mark T. , Ensing Gregory , Arteta Manuel , Campbell Andrew , Taylor James G. , Nekhai Sergei , Gordeuk Victor R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the US, mortality in sickle cell disease (SCD) increases after age 18‐20 years. Biomarkers of mortality risk can identify patients who need intensive follow‐up and early or novel interventions. We prospectively enrolled 510 SCD patients aged 3‐20 years into an observational study in 2006‐2010 and followed 497 patients for a median of 88 months (range 1‐105). We hypothesized that elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure as reflected in tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV) would be associated with mortality. Estimated survival to 18 years was 99% and to 25 years, 94%. Causes of death were known in seven of 10 patients: stroke in four (hemorrhagic two, infarctive one, unspecified one), multiorgan failure one, parvovirus B19 infection one, sudden death one. Baseline TRV ≥2.7 m/second (>2 SD above the mean in age‐matched and gender‐matched non‐SCD controls) was observed in 20.0% of patients who died vs 4.6% of those who survived (P = .012 by the log rank test for equality of survival). The baseline variable most strongly associated with an elevated TRV was a high hemolytic rate. Additional biomarkers associated with mortality were ferritin ≥2000 μg/L (observed in 60% of patients who died vs 7.8% of survivors, P < .001), forced expiratory volume in 1 minute to forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1/FVC) <0.80 (71.4% of patients who died vs 18.8% of survivors, P < .001), and neutrophil count ≥10x109/L (30.0% of patients who died vs 7.9% of survivors, P = .018). In SCD children, adolescents and young adults, steady‐state elevations of TRV, ferritin and neutrophils and a low FEV1/FVC ratio may be biomarkers associated with increased risk of death.
Ultrastable Crystalline Semiconducting Hydrogenated Borophene
Authors: Hou Chuang , Tai Guoan , Hao Jinqian , Sheng Lihang , Liu Bo , Wu Zitong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBorophene sheets have been synthesized in recent experiments, but the metallic nature and structural instability of the sheets seriously prevent emerging applications. Hydrogenated borophene has been predicted as an ideal material for nanoelectronic applications due to its high stability as well as excellent electronic and mechanical properties. However, the fabrication of hydrogenated borophene is still a great challenge. Here, we demonstrate that hydrogenated borophenes in large quantities can be prepared without any metal substrates by a stepwise in‐situ thermal decomposition of sodium borohydride under hydrogen as the carrier gas. The borophenes with good crystallinity exhibit superior stability in strong acid or base solvents. The structure of the grown borophene is in good agreement with the predicted semiconducting α‐boron sheet. A fabricated borophene‐based memory device shows a high ON/OFF‐current ratio of 3×103 and a low operating voltage of less than 0.35 V as well as good stability.
Sequence‐Based Prediction of Promiscuous Acyltransferase Activity in Hydrolases
Authors: Müller Henrik , Becker Ann‐Kristin , Palm Gottfried J. , Berndt Leona , Badenhorst Christoffel P. S. , Godehard Simon P. , Reisky Lukas , Lammers Michael , Bornscheuer Uwe T. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCertain hydrolases preferentially catalyze acyl transfer over hydrolysis in an aqueous environment. However, the molecular and structural reasons for this phenomenon are still unclear. Herein, we provide evidence that acyltransferase activity in esterases highly correlates with the hydrophobicity of the substrate‐binding pocket. A hydrophobicity scoring system developed in this work allows accurate prediction of promiscuous acyltransferase activity solely from the amino acid sequence of the cap domain. This concept was experimentally verified by systematic investigation of several homologous esterases, leading to the discovery of five novel promiscuous acyltransferases. We also developed a simple yet versatile colorimetric assay for rapid characterization of novel acyltransferases. This study demonstrates that promiscuous acyltransferase activity is not as rare as previously thought and provides access to a vast number of novel acyltransferases with diverse substrate specificity and potential applications.
Revealing Silylation of C(sp2)/C(sp3)–H Bonds in Arylphosphines by Ruthenium Catalysis
Authors: Wen Jian , Dong Ben , Zhu Jinjun , Zhao Yue , Shi Zhuangzhi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe first aromatic C−H silylation between arylphosphines and hydrosilanes enabled by a ruthenium complex has been developed. The excellent ortho‐selectivity results from a four‐membered metallacyclic intermediate involving phosphorus chelation. The developed system can be extended to the benzylic C−H silylation of arylphosphines. Diverse silylated arylphosphines are produced, exhibiting broad functional group compatibility. Further functionalization of the products under mild conditions renders the formed compounds useful building blocks.
Comparison of neointimal coverage between ultrathin biodegradable polymer‐coated sirolimus‐eluting stents and durable polymer‐coated everolimus‐eluting stents: 6 months optical coherence tomography follow‐up from the TAXCO study
Authors: Abhyankar Atul , Abizaid Alexandre , Chamié Daniel , Rathod Mihir 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimThe TAXCO study was designed to compare the degree of neointimal coverage and the prevalence of malapposition at 6 months subsequent to implantation of ultrathin biodegradable polymer‐coated sirolimus‐eluting stents (SES) and durable polymer‐coated everolimus‐eluting stents (EES) of thin strut thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT).MethodsThe TAXCO study included a total of 42 patients who gave consent and underwent OCT examination between August 2017 and September 2017. Of 42, five patients' OCT examinations were of insufficient quality for quantitative analysis. Thus, the OCT analysis group consisted of 37 patients. Among them, 16 patients were treated with Xience (Abbott Vascular) and 21 with Tetriflex (Sahajanand Medical Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Surat, India), 6 (±1) months earlier at our institution. The OCT was performed using a C7 Dragonfly™ imaging catheter (St. Jude Medical Inc.). All OCT images were analyzed at an independent core laboratory (Cardiovascular Research Center, São Paulo, Brazil) by analysts who were blinded to patient and procedural information.ResultsA total of 763 crosssections (6,882 struts) were analyzed in Xience group, and 1,127 crosssections (9,968 struts) in Tetriflex group. At 6 months, on per‐lesion basis, no significant differences were observed between Xience group and Tetriflex group in mean percentage of uncovered struts (1.87 ± 3.86 vs. 2.42 ± 3.46, p = .137) and malapposed struts (0.05 ± 0.2 vs. 0.21 ± 0.69, p = .302). Strut‐level neointimal thickness also did not differ between Xience group and Tetriflex group (0.18 ± 0.12 vs. 0.14 ± 0.08 mm, p = .286).ConclusionThis OCT study found no significant difference in strut coverage and neointimal thickness at 6 months after implantation of biodegradable polymer‐coated Tetriflex, when compared with durable polymer‐coated Xience.
Rapid, Heterogeneous Biocatalytic Hydrogenation and Deuteration in a Continuous Flow Reactor
Authors: Thompson Lisa A. , Rowbotham Jack S. , Nicholson Jake H. , Ramirez Miguel A. , Zor Ceren , Reeve Holly A. , Grobert Nicole , Vincent Kylie A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe high selectivity of biocatalysis offers a valuable method for greener, more efficient production of enantiopure molecules. Operating immobilised enzymes in flow reactors can improve the productivity and handling of biocatalysts, and using H2 gas to drive redox enzymes bridges the gap to more traditional metal‐catalysed hydrogenation chemistry. Herein, we describe examples of H2‐driven heterogeneous biocatalysis in flow employing enzymes immobilised on a carbon nanotube column, achieving near‐quantitative conversion in <5 min residence time. Cofactor recycling is carried out in‐situ using H2 gas as a clean reductant, in a completely atom‐efficient process. The flow system is demonstrated for cofactor conversion, reductive amination and ketone reduction, and then extended to biocatalytic deuteration for the selective production of isotopically labelled chemicals.
Comparison of weed control technologies for protoporphyrinogen oxidase‐resistant Palmer amaranth
Authors: Houston Michael M. , Barber L. Tom , Norsworthy Jason K. , Roberts Trent L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractConfirmation of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)‐resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S.Watson) in 2015 limited weed control options for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] producers. With already prevalent 5‐enolpyruvyl‐shikimate‐3‐phosphate synthase‐, acetolactate synthase‐, beta‐tubulin‐, and very‐long‐chain fatty acid‐resistant Palmer amaranth, there are few remaining effective pre‐emergence and postemergence herbicides labeled in soybean. The recent commercialization of soybean varieties resistant to dicamba and 2,4‐D give producers effective options to control multiresistant Palmer amaranth. To evaluate new and existing technologies and postemergence herbicide options, two experiments were conducted in 2017. These experiments were conducted in Marion and Crawfordsville, AR, two locations with confirmed PPO‐, 5‐enolpyruvyl‐shikimate‐3‐phosphate synthase‐, acetolactate synthase‐, beta‐tubulin‐, and very‐long‐chain fatty acid‐resistant Palmer amaranth. Each technology was tested over three pre‐emergence programs with distinct levels of control (74, 88, and 95%). At 28 d after pre‐emergence, the first postemergence applications were made when Palmer amaranth was approximately 4 in in height. Fourteen days later, visible weed control ratings showed that glufosinate‐, 2,4‐D‐, and dicamba‐resistant programs resulted in at least 95% control of Palmer amaranth across all pre‐emergence treatments, better than the 83% control provided by the glyphosate‐resistant soybean program. Visible control ratings taken 14 d after the second postemergence treatment showed separation between the glufosinate‐ (97%), 2,4‐D‐ (97%), and the dicamba‐resistant (96%) programs from the glyphosate‐resistant program (59%). The results indicate that effective pre‐emergence programs followed by postemergence programs containing glufosinate, 2,4‐D, or dicamba will provide extended control of PPO‐resistant Palmer amaranth but this may not be feasible in a glyphosate‐resistant soybean system.