bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Internet Platforms for Oral Health Information and Associated Factors Among Adolescents From Jakarta: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Maharani Diah Ayu , Tantawi Maha El , Yoseph Marsha Griselda , Rahardjo Anton 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: The growth of the internet has increased its use to obtain health information including oral health information (OHI). This study assessed Indonesian adolescents’ use of different internet platforms to obtain OHI and factors associated with this use.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study surveyed middle school students in five regions in Jakarta in 2019. Participants completed a questionnaire that assessed demographics, oral health practices (toothbrushing and dental visits), the presence of dental pain, using internet platform to obtain OHI and type of information searched for. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the association between using the internet for OHI (Google, Social Media (SM), both or none) and the independent factors: demographics, oral health practice, dental pain and whether participants search for causes, symptoms, prevention or treatment of oral diseases (ODs). Results: Most of the 521 participants were female (55.7%) with mean age= 13.4 years. Almost all of them (93.7%) searched the internet for OHI through Google (40.7%) or Google with SM (36.1%). Searching for OHI over SM was significantly associated with toothbrushing (OR= 4.12, 95%CI= 1.43, 11.89) and less dental visits (OR= 0.16, 95%CI= 0.05, 0.60). Searching Google for OHI was significantly associated with looking for information about causes (OR= 3.69, 95%CI= 1.33, 10.26) and treatment (OR= 6.17, 95%CI= 2.23, 17.03) of ODs. Conclusions: Most adolescents used Google to seek OHI. Oral health practices and types of OHI searched for differed by internet platform. Dental health professionals should consider using internet-based interventions to promote oral health to this age group.
Acupuncture Protects Against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Autophagy and Apoptosis
Authors: Sun Xiaowei , Liu Hao , Sun Zhongren , Zhang Beng , Wang Xinyu , Liu Tingting , Pan Tingting , Gao Ying , Jiang Xicheng , Li Hongtao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Acupuncture treatment possesses the neuroprotection potential to attenuate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenic mechanism of cerebral I/R injury. Whether acupuncture protects against cerebral I/R injury via regulating ER stress remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the role of ER stress in the neuroprotection of acupuncture against cerebral I/R injury and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Cerebral I/R injury was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. Acupuncture was carried out at Baihui (GV 20), Hegu (L14), and Taichong (Liv3) acupoints in rats immediately after reperfusion. The infarct volumes, neurological score, ER stress, autophagy and apoptosis were determined. Results: Acupuncture treatment decreased infarct volume, neurological score and suppressed ER stress via inactivation of ATF-6, PERK, and IRE1 pathways in MCAO rats. Attributing to ER stress suppression, 4-PBA (ER stress inhibitor) promoted the beneficial effect of acupuncture against cerebral I/R injury. Whereas, ER stress activator tunicamycin significantly counteracted the neuroprotective effects of acupuncture. In addition, acupuncture restrained autophagy via regulating ER stress in MCAO rats. Finally, ER stress took part in the neuroprotective effect of acupuncture against apoptosis in cerebral I/R injury. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that acupuncture offers neuroprotection against cerebral I/R injury, which is attributed to repressing ER stress-mediated autophagy and apoptosis.
Measurement of Posterior Tibial Slope in Turkish Population Groups with Magnetic Resonance İmaging
Authors: Karakanlı Musab Ümeyir , Deniz Ferdanur , Celilov İlkin , Sofulu Ömer , Küçükdurmaz Fatih 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

The posterior tibial slope (PTS) has great importance on the balance and the stability of the knee and has to be taken into account during the reconstruction and replacement procedure. However, the anthropometric measurements are not universal and show population-based variations. The purpose of this study is to find features of PTS in the Turkish population in regards to the medial and lateral compartment.
Methods

Magnetic resonance images (MRIs) were retrieved from the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). Subjects from 25 to 45 years old were included from the MRIs taken between July 2015 to July 2017. Any MRI with radiological signs of osteoarthritis, chondral and meniscus (grade 3 & 4) lesions was excluded as well as a deformity in the lower extremity, patients with a history of fracture and/or history of knee surgery. The measurements were made using T1-weighted coronal and sagittal MRI planes with a slice thickness of 4 mm. The PTS of the medial, lateral plateau were recorded with gender and age of the subjects. Non-parametric Spearman's Correlation tests and Student T tests were used to calculate the relationship between medial-lateral PTS and ages and also to evaluate PTS differences between genders.
Results

Two-hundred thirty-two subjects (122 female, 110 male) were included in the study. The mean medial and lateral PTS were 7.7°±1.3° and 7.5°±1.3° respectively, and there was a significant correlation (p < 0.001). However, no significant difference was found in the mean medial PTS (p = 0.45) and lateral PTS (p = 0.73) between genders and matched age groups.
Conclusions

Our results showed that there is no gender-based variation in the Turkish population. Although we do not make a systematic comparison, the measurements of PTS in the Turkish population were different from other populations.
Loss of MiR-192 Initiates a Hyperglycolysis and Stemness Positive Feedback in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Gu Yuanzhuo , Ji Fubo , Liu Niya , Zhao Yongzhi , Wei Xiyang , Hu Shiyuan , Jia Wei , Wang Xin Wei , Budhu Anuradha , Ji Juling , Zhao Bin , Roessler Stephanie , Zheng Xin , Ji Junfang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Emerging studies revealed that cancer stem cells (CSCs) possessed peculiar metabolic properties, which however remained largely unknown in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Genetic silencing of liver-abundant miR-192 was a key feature for multiple groups of CSC-positive primary HCCs. We thus aimed to investigate essential metabolic features of hepatic CSCs via using HCCs with miR-192 silencing as a model. Methods: Data integration analyses of miR-192 with metabolome and mRNA transcriptome in HCC cohort 1 were performed to investigate miR-192 related metabolic features. Cellular and molecular assays were performed to examine whether and how miR-192 regulated the identified metabolic feature. Co-culture systems consisting of HCC and non-HCC cells were established to explore effects of the metabolomic property on stemness features in HCC cells via interacting with non-HCC cells. Results: High expression of glycolysis-related metabolites and genes presented in HCCs with low miR-192 and CSC-positive HCCs in two independent HCC cohorts. miR-192 knock-out cells displayed CSC features and miR-192 loss led to an enhanced glycolytic phenotype via targeting three glycolysis regulators, i.e., Glut1, Pfkfb3, and c-Myc. Meanwhile, c-Myc suppressed miR-192 transcription, ensuring a low-miR-192/high-c-Myc loop to maintain hyperglycolysis. Moreover, over-produced lactic acid from hyperglycolytic HCC cells stimulated the Erk phosphorylation of co-cultured non-HCC cells partially via NDRG3 and MCT1, which in turn promoted cell malignancy and stemness of HCC cells. Conclusions: In CSC-positive HCCs, miR-192 loss enhanced glycolysis via a c-Myc/miR-192/glycolysis regulators signal loop, allowing HCC cells to actively coordinate with their environment non-HCC cells for further increased stemness and malignancy.
Prophylactic Use of Glucocorticoids and Postoperative Delirium/Cognitive Dysfunction in Adults After Major Surgery: a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Xie Yan , Liu Yang , Liu Yi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives. To investigate whether prophylactic use of glucocorticoids (GCs) would affect the incidence of postoperative delirium (POD)/cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after major surgeries. Methods. A systemic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) searched from the Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Clinical Trials.gov was conducted. Effect of GCs on the incidence of POD/POCD and several secondary outcomes, including s100-β, mechanical ventilation time, length of ICU stay, length of postoperative hospital stay, postoperative cardiac arrhythmia, and adverse outcomes, were analyzed. The Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool and the GRADE system were used to assess the risk of bias of included studies and the evidence quality of combined results, respectively. Results. There were 726 records detected and only 11 studies were included at last. Six of the 11 RCT studies were categorized as low risk of bias, 3 studies as unclear, and 2 as high. Prophylactic use of GCs didn’t show any significant effect on the incidence of POD/POCD after major surgeries, but the evidence quality of this result was very low. For the secondary outcome, GCs can significantly decrease the level of s100-β, length of ICU stay, length of postoperative hospital stay, and ventilation time, with the evidence quality varied from very low to moderate. For the rest of the secondary outcomes, no significant effect was observed. Conclusion. Prophylactic use of GCs didn’t have a significant effect on the incidence of POD and POCD. However, this result was very uncertain, and more relevant high-quality RCTs are needed.
Chronic care models and opportunities for improving health care practice and outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa: Protocol for systematic review
Authors: Otieno Peter , Agyemang Charles , Gyasi Razak M. , Ngugi Anthony K. , Kyobutungi Catherine , Asiki Gershim 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The rising burden of chronic diseases in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where health care systems are least developed has led to recent calls for increased investment in chronic care models (CCM) appropriate for low-resource settings. In SSA, limited resources are often allocated to treating acute diseases thus management of chronic conditions is a major challenge for health care systems. A large diversity of CCM exist in the literature but evidence supporting their use has been derived from high income settings. This is the motivation for conducting a systematic review to identify the existing CCM and their relevance and applicability in SSA.Methods and analysis: All peer-reviewed published and grey literature on CCM will be included. PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Global Health Cinahl, African Journals Online, Informit Online, and PsycINFO will be searched to identify relevant articles. OpenSIGLE will be reviewed for grey literature. The articles retrieved will be independently screened for inclusion by two independent investigators while a third reviewer will arbitrate the disagreements. An independent critical appraisal of retrieved studies will be performed using standardized critical appraisal checklists. The data will be extracted from the key elements of CCM. Outcome measures for the effectiveness of the models in the context of SSA will include any reported improvement to the health care service delivery or changes in the health outcomes of patients with chronic illnesses. The study findings will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA).Discussion: This systematic review is expected to generate crucial evidence on the applicability of CCM in SSA and unearth the CCM components that are suitable for different levels of health care delivery systems and the emerging needs of the people living with comorbidities and multimorbidities in SSA.Systematic review registration: This review is registered in PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic reviews CRD42020187756.
Circular RNA hsa_circ_0001829 Promotes&nbsp;Gastric Cancer Progression through miR-155-5p/SMAD2 Axis
Authors: Niu Qiuling , Dong Zhijie , Liang Min , Luo Yuanwei , Lin Hai , Lin Mingzhen , Zhong Xiu , Yao Wenxia , Weng Jinsheng , Zhou Xinke 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidences have shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in regulating the pathogenesis of cancer. However, the role of circRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) remains largely unclear. Methods: In this study, we identified a novel upregulated circRNA, hsa_circ_0001829, in chemically induced malignant transformed human gastric epithelial cells using RNA-seq. Subsequent qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression level of hsa_circ_0001829 in GC cell lines and tissues. Functional roles of hsa_circ_0001829 in GC were then explored by loss- and gain-of- function assays. Bioinformatic prediction and luciferase assay were used to investigate potential mechanisms of hsa_circ_0001829. Finally, the mice xenograft models were constructed to assess the function of hsa_circ_0001829 in vivo.Results: We found that hsa_circ_0001829 was significantly upregulated in GC tissues and cell lines. Loss- and gain-of- function assays showed that hsa_circ_0001829 promotes GC cells proliferation, migration and invasion, and the affected cell cycle progression and apoptosis rates may account for the effect of hsa_circ_0001829 on GC proliferation. In addition, bioinformatic prediction and luciferase assay showed that hsa_circ_0001829 acts as a molecular sponge for miR-155-5p and that SMAD2 was a target gene of miR-155-5p; moreover, hsa_circ_0001829 sponges miR-155-5p to regulate SMAD2 expression and hsa_circ_0001829 promotes GC progression through the miR-155-5p–SMAD2 pathway. Finally, suppression of hsa_circ_0001829 expression inhibited subcutaneous tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion: Taken together, our findings firstly demonstrated a novel oncogenic role of hsa_circ_0001829 in GC progression, which is through miR-155-5p–SMAD2 axis, and our study may offer novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for GC.
De Novo Assembly and Analysis of Transcriptome of the Dermacentor Marginatus Genes Differentially Expressed After Blood Feeding and Long-term Starvation
Authors: Hu Ercha , Meng Yuan , Ma Ying , Song Ruiqi , Hu Zhengxiang , Li Min , Hao Yunwei , Fan Xinli , Wei Liting Wei , Fan Shilong , Chen Songqin , Zhai Xuejie , Li Yongchang , Wei Zhang , Zhang Yang , Guo Qingyong , Bayin Chahan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The Ixodid tick Dermacentor marginatus is a vector of many pathogens wide spread in Eurasia. Study of gene targets of the tick species provides insight to find novel tick protective antigen for drug development and vaccine targets.
Methods
To obtain a broader picture of gene sequences and changes in expression level, the RNA-seq was performed to obtain the whole-body transcriptome data of D. marginatus adult female ticks after engorgement and long-term starvation. Subsequently, the real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was applied to validate the RNA-seq data.
Results
The RNA-seq produced 30251 unigenes, of which 32% were annotated using Trinity. Gene expression was compared among groups differed by status as newly molted, starved and engorged female adult ticks. Nearly 1/3 of the unigenes in each group were differentially expressed compared to the other two group, and the most numerous were genes encoding proteins involved in catalytic and binding activities and apoptosis. Selected up-regulated differentially expressed genes in each group associated to protein, lipids, carbohydrate and chitin metabolism. Blood feeding and long-term starvation also caused genes differentially expressed in the defense response and antioxidant response. RT-qPCR results indicated 6 differentially expressed transcripts showed similar trends in expression changes with RNA-seq results confirming that the gene expression profiles in transcriptome data is in consistent with RT-qPCR validation.
Conclusions
Obtaining the sequence information of D. marginatus and characterizing the expression pattern of the genes involved in blood feeding and during starvation would be helpful in understanding molecular physiology of D. marginatus and provides data for anti-tick vaccine and drug development for controlling the tick.
Interpersonal Counselling for Adolescent Depression Delivered by Youth Mental Health Workers Without Core Professional Training: A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trialstudy Protocol
Authors: Abotsie Gabriel , Cestaro Viktoria , Gee Brioney , Murdoch Jamie , Katangwe Thando , Meiser-Stedman Richard Richard , Shepstone Lee , Turner David , Tulk Susie , Jarret Sharon , Wilson Jon , Clarke Timothy , Bonnie Teague , Wilkinson Paul 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Depression is a common health problem during adolescence and is associated with adverse academic, social and health outcomes. To meet demand for treatment for adolescent depression, there is a need for evidence-based interventions suitable for delivery outside of specialist Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). Interpersonal Counselling for Adolescents (IPC-A), is a brief manualised intervention for adolescent depression suitable for delivery by staff who are not qualified health professionals following participation in a brief training course. While initial piloting within Local Authority services has generated promising results, the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of IPC-A has yet to be established. This study aims to assess the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial (RCT), evaluating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of IPC-A delivered by staff without core professional training in comparison to current provision.Method: Feasibility RCT with process evaluation using ethnographic methodology. Eligible young people (n=60) will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive either IPC-A or treatment as usual (TAU). Participants will be assessed pre-randomisation (baseline) and followed up at 5, 10 and 23 weeks post-randomisation. A parallel process evaluation will generate understanding of intervention implementation across services and explore the acceptability of the intervention from the perspective of young people and other key stakeholders.Participants: Young people aged 12-18 years presenting to non-specialist services with symptoms of depression. Youth workers, young people and stakeholders will participate in the process evaluation.Discussion: The need for effective and accessible interventions for young people with mild/sub-threshold depression who in most cases, do not meet the threshold for mainstream mental health services is long overdue. The primary output of this feasibility trial will be the design of the subsequent full-scale trial. If the results of the current study indicate that this would be feasible, we intend to progress to a multi-site, assessor-blind, superiority RCT of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of IPC-A in comparison to TAU for adolescents presenting to non-specialist services with depressive symptoms. If satisfactory solutions to any problems encountered cannot be identified, alternative research designs will be considered. If proven effective, an IPC-A training programme could be implemented.Trial registry: ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN82180413. Registered 31 December 2019, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN82180413
Wip1 regulates the immunomodulatory effects of murine mesenchymal stem cells in type 1 diabetes mellitus via targeting IFN-α/BST2
Authors: Zhou Na , Liu Weijiang , Liu Yuanlin , Li Xue , Wang Yang , Zheng Rongxiu , Zhang Yi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) shows significant therapeutic effects in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as they could regulate the inflammatory processes. However, little is known about the process of MSCs immunosuppression in T1DM. In this study, we investigated the effects of wild type p53-induce phosphatase 1 (Wip1) on regulating MSCs immunosuppressive capacities in T1DM mice.Methods: Primary wild type (Wip1+/+) MSCs and Wip1 knockout (Wip1−/−) MSCs were cultured in vitro. T1DM mouse model was induced with streptozotocin and then was treated with Wip1+/+ MSCs (5 × 105) or Wip1−/− MSCs (5 × 105) by tail vein injection. The general physiological states of T1DM mice were measured every week. Moreover, the pathological changes in the pancreatic tissue were observed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry were used to detect the expressions of inflammatory cytokines in mice.Results: Wip1 −/− MSCs had lower therapeutic effects in T1DM mice. Moreover, we screened and confirmed bone marrow stromal cell antigen2 (BST2) gene that showed the target gene for Wip1 through gene chips, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Wip1−/− MSCs exhibited lower immunosuppressive capacity, as evidenced by enhanced expression of BST2, with concurrent increased expression of interferon-α (IFN-α). In vivo distribution analysis results indicated that Wip1−/− MSCs homed to the damaged pancreatic tissue. Wip1−/− MSCs influenced the expression of immune factors by remarkably increasing the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-17A (IL-17A), IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-γ and decreasing the expression of IL-4 and IL-10.Conclusions: Wip1 affects MSCs immunomodulation by regulating the expression of IFN-α/BST2. These findings suggest that Wip1 is required to regulate the therapeutic effects of MSCs on T1DM treatment, indicating a novel role of Wip1 in immunoregulation.
The Urgent Need to Empower Rare Disease Organizations in China: An Interview-Based Study
Authors: Li Xuefeng , Lu Zijuan , Zhang Jianyong , Zhang Xiangyu , Zhang Shu , Zhou Jincheng , Li Bingzhe , Ou Li 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Each rare disease affects a small number of population, and thus is neglected. However, a total of 7,000 rare diseases may affect 10% of the population. Due to the severity and lack of rare disease awareness, rare disease represents a huge challenge for the healthcare system. In Western countries, patient organizations have been playing an integral role in raising awareness, advocating legislation, and supporting drug development. This study aims to assess the unmet needs of rare disease patient organizations in China, and identify their unmet needs, providing essential information for the government and legislators. Results: A total of 28 individuals representing 28 patient organizations in China were interviewed. Most organizations do not have official registration, employees, written standard operation protocol, or reliable financial resources. Misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis is common, and treatment is often lacking. Due to the lack of financial resources, no organizations have been able to sponsor academic research, unlike their counterparts in Western countries. As to challenges, 71.4% of interviewees listed lack of rare disease awareness among the general public, while 67.9% selected lack of financial resources. Further, only 7.3% of these organizations received support from the government, and 28.6% received support from the general public. As to recommendations to the government, 82.1% of interviewees selected special insurance programs for rare diseases because rare diseases have been generally excluded from the national medical insurance programs. In addition, 78.6% of interviewees recommended to stimulate rare disease research, 75% recommended to import orphan drugs, and 71.4% recommended legislation of an orphan drug act, highlighting the urgent need of therapies. Conclusions: Due to lack of support and rare disease awareness, patient organizations in China are still in the early phase. To empower these patient organizations, recommendations from these patient organizations should be considered by the government and legislators.