bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on sound insulation performance and noise reduction optimization of composite laminated cylindrical shells in the low and middle-frequency bands
Authors: Li Bin , Kuang Wenjian , Yan Wenjie , Tian Ying , Wang Ning , Wu Jun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
A composite laminated cylindrical shell noise experimental device is constructed to address sound insulation issues in low and middle-frequency bands. The composite cylindrical shell's sound insulation performance is tested within the 100–1000 Hz frequency range, obtaining the cavity's noise spectrum. The LMS Virtual.Lab Acoustic software for simulation is utilized to generate a corresponding finite-element model, which is subsequently verified by comparing it to the experimental data to ensure its accuracy. The study investigates the impact of composite fiber type, layer angle and material thickness on the acoustic insulation properties of a cylindrical shell. Additionally, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the layer angle of the composite laminated cylinder shell. The results suggest that the insulation efficiency of the composite cylindrical shell improves as the fiber's modulus of elasticity and the material's thickness increase throughout the frequency ranging from 100 to 1000 Hz. The impact of the layer angle of the composite material on the sound transmission loss varies with the frequency. Furthermore, optimizing the layer angle of the fiber employing a genetic algorithm dramatically improves the sound insulation performance within the specified frequency range of 400–1000 Hz.
Pleomorphic dermal sarcoma of the auricular helix
Authors: Dekhou Antonio , Bond Laurel , Bryant Stephanie M , Silverman Dustin A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Cutaneous malignancies of the head and neck are common; however, superficial sarcomas of the head and neck are relatively rare. We present a 71-year-old unhoused gentleman with challenging access to medical care and poor health literacy who presented with a large, isolated, pedunculated mass of the left auricular helix. Preoperative biopsy was compatible with pleomorphic dermal sarcoma (PDS). The patient subsequently underwent definitive surgical resection with partial auriculectomy and bilateral advancement flap closure. Final pathology confirmed the diagnosis of PDS. Given the rarity of PDS of the ear, we describe a challenging case presentation, diagnosis, and management in an unhoused patient.
Diagnostic Impact of FISHseq as a New Pathologic Criterion for Endocarditis According to the Duke Criteria
Authors: Hopf Alexander G M , Kursawe Laura , Schubert Sören , Moter Isabell , Wiessner Alexandra , Sarbandi Kurosh , Eszlari Edgar , Cvorak Adi , von Schöning Dinah , Klefisch Frank-Rainer , Moter Annette , Eichinger Walter , Kikhney Judith 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
For clinicians treating patients with infective endocarditis (IE), identifying the causative microorganisms poses a critical diagnostic challenge. Standard techniques including blood and heart valve cultures often yield inconclusive results. According to the recent 2023 Duke-ISCVID Criteria, molecular methods represent potent tools to enhance this aspect of IE diagnostics and guide subsequent therapeutic strategies.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data from 124 consecutive patients who underwent heart valve surgery due to suspected IE at München Klinik Bogenhausen. The standard diagnostic pathway, which included blood culture, valve culture, histopathological analysis, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/sequencing, was compared with the enhanced diagnostic pathway, which included fluorescence in situ hybridization + PCR/sequencing (FISHseq) instead of PCR/sequencing alone. The aim of this study was to assess the added value of combining standard diagnostics with molecular methods such as PCR/sequencing or FISHseq for the diagnosis of IE and the potential impact on therapy.

Results
Standard diagnostic methods and PCR/sequencing yielded inconclusive results in 57/124 cases (46.0%). FISHseq provided an added value for diagnostics in 79/124 cases (63.7%) and potentially would have impacted therapy in 95/124 (76.6%) of cases. By adding data through direct visualization and characterization of microorganisms, FISHseq reduced the number of inconclusive cases by 86.0%.

Conclusions
The comparison of 2 molecular diagnostic tools for IE from the same heart valve emphasizes the value of molecular methods including molecular imaging by FISH for IE diagnostics and supports the 2023 Duke-ISCVID Criteria.
Dengue Virus Structural Proteins Are Expressed on the Surface of DENV-Infected Cells and Are a Target for Antibody-Dependent Cellular Phagocytosis
Authors: Waldran Mitchell J , Kurtz Elizabeth A , Gebo Chad J , Rooney Timothy J , Middleton Frank A , Roy Nathan H , Currier Jeffrey R , Waickman Adam T 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Dengue virus (DENV) is an arboviral pathogen found in &gt;100 countries and a source of significant morbidity and mortality. While the mechanisms underpinning the pathophysiology of severe Dengue are incompletely understood, it has been hypothesized that antibodies directed against the DENV envelope (E) protein can facilitate antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of the infection, increasing the number of infected cells and the severity of disease in an exposed individual. Accordingly, there is interest in defining mechanisms for directly targeting DENV-infected cells for immunologic clearance, an approach that bypasses the risk of ADE.

Methods
We have previously demonstrated that antibodies specific to DENV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) can opsonize and facilitate the phagocytic clearance of DENV-infected cells. However, it is currently unclear if other DENV antigens are expressed on the surface of infected cells and if these antigens can be targeted by antibody-dependent clearance mechanisms.

Results
In this study, we demonstrate that DENV structural proteins are expressed on the surface of DENV-infected cells and that these antigens can be opsonized by both DENV-immune sera and monoclonal antibodies. In addition, DENV E–specific antibodies can facilitate phagocytic uptake of material from DENV-infected cells, resulting in the target–cell membrane localizing to endosomes of the engulfing phagocyte. Notably, there was no selective enrichment of DENV genomic material in monocytes that had phagocytosed DENV-infected cell material compared with nonphagocytic monocytes.

Discussion
In their totality, these data reinforce the concept that DENV E–reactive antibodies have a multifaceted role in DENV immunity and pathogenesis beyond neutralization and/or infection enhancement.
Takayasu arteritis masquerading as brucellosis: a case report
Authors: Hama Hussein Karokh F , Bapir Rawa , Hiwa Dilan S , Hama Nali H , Mohammed Shorsh A , Tahir Soran H , Mustafa Lawen Jamal , Faraj Dlshad M , Mohammed Hemin S , Omar Sokar A , Mohammed Shvan H , Kakamad Fahmi H 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study reports a unique case of a 19-year-old male with Takayasu arteritis initially misdiagnosed as brucellosis due to persistently positive brucella serology. Despite multiple anti-brucellosis treatments, symptoms persisted until the correct diagnosis of Takayasu arteritis was made, Subsequent immunosuppressive therapy for Takayasu arteritis led to symptom improvement and normalization of serological markers. This highlights the challenge of distinguishing between these conditions and the potential for immunosuppression to impact brucella serology in such cases.
A rare case of complicated typhoid fever presenting with secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Ali Mir Wasim , Rakshit Soumadip , Sarkar Atreyee , Mondal Md Karimulla , Datta Anup Kumar , Chatterjee Uttara 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Enteric fever is one of the important causes of tropical fever with a prevalence of 11–21 million cases worldwide annually. It encompasses both typhoid and paratyphoid fever. Salmonella enterica Typhi is the causative organism for typhoid fever, manifesting as an uncomplicated febrile illness to life-threatening sepsis with multiorgan dysfunction. It is complicated by neuropsychiatric manifestation (2%–40%), gastrointestinal bleeding (10%), and intestinal perforation (1%–3%). Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare complication of typhoid fever. Herein we report the case of a 24-year-old male from North-Eastern India, presenting with spikes of fever, altered behavior, a generalized rash, haematochezia, and hemophagocytes on bone marrow examination due to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis secondary to complicated typhoid fever.
A machine learning-based method for resolving secondary mirror misalignment in telescope optical systems
Authors: Chen Chao , Zhang Yiming , Li Zhengyang , Liu Tingting , Cong Jianan , Han Zijian , Li Xiaoyan , Yuan Xiangyan , He Lei 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Larger aperture and larger field of view represent the evolving demands of astronomical research and the advancing trajectory of telescope technology. For ground-based telescopes, the impact of gravity on larger optical systems becomes increasingly important. For space telescopes and Antarctic telescopes, maintenance challenges are another significant consideration. However, directly resolving the misalignment of optical components can guide the system to make corresponding self-compensation, which is very meaningful for these telescopes. We have focused on resolving misalignments in telescope optical systems over the years. Since 2023, we introduced a new method (RSVA) for evaluating the image quality of optical systems. Although originally conceived to investigate the imaging characteristics of large-field optical systems, our ongoing research has revealed its inherent capacity to encapsulate a plethora of information regarding the optical system’s state. Consequently, we promptly combined it with machine learning to resolve the misalignment of secondary mirror in optical systems, ultimately achieving excellent results. Inspired by this concept, we developed the SVA-type method to resolve misalignments in telescope optical systems. This method achieved a root-mean-square (RMS) misalignment resolution of less than 1 μm and 3.6 arcsec for the secondary mirror using only 10 rays. This article will provide a detailed explanation of the methodology and results, as well as explore other interesting possibilities arising from this approach. Drawing upon the SVA theory, we aspire to devise a distinctive approach to resolve misalignment in a telescope’s optical system by leveraging imaging shape.
Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of drought regulating the size and color of heartwood in Dalbergia odorifera
Authors: Cui Zhiyi , Hu Houzhen , Li Xiaofei , Liu Xiaojin , Zhang Qilei , Hong Zhou , Zhang Ningnan , Lin Wei , Xu Daping 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Drought has been found to affect the size and color of precious heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera, but the mechanism remains unclear. For this purpose, we performed the measurement of heartwood size, color and flavonoid content and composition in a 15-year-old mixed plantation of D. odorifera and Santalum album that had been subjected to two levels of rainfall exclusion and control treatments for 7 years, and carbon isotope labeling and anatomical observation in 2-year-old potted D. odorifera seedlings exposed to two levels of drought and control treatments. The field experiment showed that drought had significant effects on heartwood size and color of D. odorifera. More starch was depleted in the transition zone (TZ) in drought than in control. Drought significantly decreased the values of color parameters and increased the contents of total flavonoids, glycitein, fisetin, chrysin and claussequinone, and total flavonoids, glycitein, fisetin, chrysin and claussequinone were significantly negatively correlated with L* and b*. The pot experiment showed that during longitudinal transport of nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC), the dilution factor of 13C abundance in the inner bark sap in severe drought (SD) was twice as much as that in control. The inner bark thickness and transverse area of sieve tubes in SD were significantly lower than those in control. Our findings further confirm that drought promotes the heartwood formation of D. odorifera, and discuss interspecific variations in the response of heartwood formation to drought. Drought enhances the exchange transport of NSC between phloem and xylem by reducing the transverse area of sieve tubes, thus causing more NSC to be transported into xylem, and drought also promotes the depletion of starch in the TZ to produce more heartwood. Drought darkens the heartwood color by increasing the contents of total flavonoids, glycitein, fisetin, chrysin and claussequinone in heartwood. To our knowledge, this is the first study addressing the physiological and biochemical mechanism of drought regulating heartwood formation.
Perceptions of Justice in Clinical Learning Environments: Development and Validation of an Organizational Justice Measure for Medical Trainees
Authors: Cullen Michael J. , Hane Jessica , Zhou You , Seltzer Benjamin K. , Sackett Paul R. , Culican Susan M. , Thakker Krima , Young John Q. ,   for the Organizational Justice Study Group, Mustapha Taj 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to develop an instrument to measure medical trainees’ perceptions of justice in clinical learning environments.

Method
Between 2019 and 2023, the authors conducted a multiyear, multi-institutional, multiphase study to develop a 16-item justice measure with 4 dimensions: interpersonal, informational, procedural, and distributive. The authors gathered validity evidence based on test content, internal structure, and relationships with other variables across 3 phases. Phase 1 involved drafting items and gathering evidence that items measured intended dimensions. Phase 2 involved analyzing relevance of items for target groups, examining interitem correlations and factor loadings in a preliminary analysis, and obtaining reliability estimates. Phase 3 involved a confirmatory factor analysis and collecting convergent and discriminant validity evidence.

Results
In phase 1, 63 of 91 draft items were retained following a content validation exercise gauging how well items measured targeted dimensions (mean [SD] item ratings within dimensions, 4.16 [0.36] to 4.39 [0.34]) on a 5-point Likert scale (with 1 indicating not at all well and 5 indicating extremely well). In phase 2, 30 items were removed due to low factor loadings (i.e., < 0.40), and 4 items per dimension were selected (factor loadings, 0.42–0.89). In phase 3, a confirmatory factor analysis supported the 4-dimensional model (χ
2 = 610.14, P < .001; comparative fit index = 0.90, Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.87, root mean squared error of approximation = 0.11, standardized root mean squared residual = 0.06), with convergent and discriminant validity evidence showing hypothesized positive correlations with a justice measure (r = 0.93, P < .001), trait positive affect (r = 0.46, P < .001), and emotional stability (r = 0.33, P < .001) and negative correlations with trait negative affect (r = −0.39, P < .001).

Conclusions
Results indicate the measure’s potential utility in understanding justice perceptions and designing targeted interventions.
Relationships Between Religious Commitment, Workplace Experiences, and Professional and Psychological Outcomes Among U.S. Muslim Physicians
Authors: Murrar Sohad , Azam Laila , Baqai Benish , Davila Omar , Padela Aasim I. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To examine relationships between religiosity, workplace discrimination, religious accommodation, and related professional and psychological outcomes among U.S. Muslim physicians.

Method
In 2021, the authors surveyed 264 physicians from 3 U.S.-based Muslim clinician organizations. Religious commitment, as measured by multiple items, was evaluated as a possible predictor of workplace discrimination and accommodation; job turnover; career satisfaction; workplace motivation; and belonging, burnout, and depression. Bivariate regression models were used to identify possible significant relationships between predictor and outcome variables. Predictors with meaningful bivariate analyses were included in separate multivariate regression models for each outcome.

Results
Participants’ mean age was 39.5 years (standard deviation, 10.03). Most were male (160/246; 65%), were U.S.-born (146/244; 60%), completed medical school in the United States (190/243; 78%), and wore a beard/hijab (135/235; 57%). Participants identified as African American (40/247; 16%), Arab (55/247; 22%), South Asian (82/247; 33%), and White (70/247; 28%). Multivariate models demonstrated that religious importance was positively associated with discrimination from patients (odds ratio [OR] = 3.78; P = .02) and depression (OR = 5.36; P = .002), and negatively associated with prayer accommodation at work (OR = 0.20; P = .001). Engaging in congregational religious activities was negatively associated with discrimination from patients (OR = 0.64; P = .006) and job turnover (OR = 0.63; P = .02), and positively associated with accommodations for prayer (OR = 1.42; P = .008) and general religious identity accommodation (OR = 1.47; P = .01). Additionally, participant race and ethnicity were variably associated with these outcomes.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates how religious identity may negatively associate with workplace experiences and well-being among U.S. Muslim physicians and highlights the buffering role of religious practice. It spotlights an urgent need for academic medical centers to ameliorate religious discrimination and implement workplace accommodation policies for Muslim physicians.
Straight From the Source: Doctor of Physical Therapy Students' Perspectives on the Impacts of Program Policies and Procedures on Sense of Belonging
Authors: Ratoza Madeline , Sykes Peyton D. , North Sara E. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction.
There is an urgent need to increase access to and inclusion in health professions education programs for individuals with diverse backgrounds and needs. The purpose of this study is to explore student perspectives of the ways in which current Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) program policies, procedures, and practices may facilitate or hinder a culture of belonging and the ability to participate across diverse student identities and needs.

Review of Literature.
To date, there are no best practices in promoting and supporting health profession student belonging, and the student voice is absent in the literature. This prompts a need for guidance on where and how academic DPT programs should focus initial efforts as they self-assess their degree of compliance with newly revised accreditation standards.

Participants.
Sixteen DPT student volunteers from 2 institutions across 4 campuses in 4 states.

Methods.
A cross-sectional qualitative study using thematic analysis with semistructured interviews was used to gather student perspectives regarding factors that positively and negatively affect sense of belonging. Three researchers qualitatively analyzed transcriptions using a combination of open and axial coding to identify themes.

Results.
Final consensus coding yielded 179 coded responses across 95 unique codes categorized in 6 themes: faculty and staff relationships, program policies and procedures, cohort and peer relationships, diverse identities, communication, and program resources.

Discussion and Conclusion.
This is the first study known to investigate the use of student voice to better understand, operationalize, and potentially improve belonging within DPT education. Results demonstrate that when given a voice, students are able to articulate both observations of present-state sense of belonging and clear ideas and recommendations for ways in which DPT programs could address sense of belonging. Findings may help frame program policies and procedures from the student lens by offering themes, strategies, and recommendations for promoting a culture of belonging.
How pro-environmental consumption behaviour affects subjective wellbeing: the role of self-enhancement, ways of shopping and locavorism
Authors: de Matos Celso Augusto , Dalmoro Marlon , Dutra de Barcellos Márcia 
Published: December 2024

PurposeBased on the value-attitude-behaviour (VAB) framework, the current research aimed to investigate the influence of organic food consumption, as a type of pro-environmental behaviour (PEB), on consumer subjective wellbeing, by considering (1) attitudes, environmental and health values as antecedents; (2) self-expression process (self-enhancement) and cognitive process (ways of shopping) as two competing mediation routes and (3) locavorism as a moderator.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed model was tested using data from a survey of 576 organic food consumers and the partial least squares (PLS) structural equation modelling.FindingsOur main findings confirmed a positive influence of the antecedents on consumption behaviour and suggested a stronger mediation effect of ways of shopping in the consumption behaviour–wellbeing link, giving support to the cognitive route. In addition, locavorism was a significant moderator for the cognitive route.Practical implicationsPromoting organic food can be based on cognitive persuasion by emphasizing objective benefits, such as nutritional facts, over emotional appeals. Moreover, marketing strategies can also increase organic food consumption by highlighting local sourcing, which resonates with locavore consumers.Originality/valueThrough a moderated-mediation approach, we demonstrate that the cognitive mediation route is contingent on the consumer locavorism, with an attenuation effect suggesting a critical role of locavorism and presenting novel insights for the link between pro-environmental behaviours and consumer subjective wellbeing.
Integrating theories for insight: corporate governance and environmental disclosure practices in the UAE
Authors: Masoud Najeb 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to systematically review how agency and stakeholder theories are integrated within corporate governance and environmental disclosure practices in the UAE, highlighting their relevance and adaptation to a distinct economic and regulatory environment.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a comprehensive qualitative methodology, this study synthesises a broad spectrum of existing theoretical and empirical research to explore the dynamics of corporate governance mechanisms regarding environmental sustainability. This approach enables a detailed examination of how agency theory’s focus on principal–agent relationships complements stakeholder theory’s broader view of corporate responsibilities.

Findings
This research uncovers significant insights into corporate conduct and responsibility, emphasising the need to balance shareholder objectives with broader stakeholder interests. It identifies key challenges in this integration, such as managing the complexities and potential conflicts between different stakeholder demands. The findings underscore the crucial role of specialised governance mechanisms, like board characteristics and committees, in enhancing environmental transparency and accountability.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the academic discourse by shedding light on the interplay between corporate governance frameworks and environmental disclosure practices within the UAE. It offers fresh insights into applying established theories in a non-Western context. These insights are precious for academics, practitioners and policymakers interested in refining corporate governance and promoting environmental responsibility. The practical implications drawn from the findings empower stakeholders to implement effective strategies that can enhance a firm’s reputation, legitimacy and long-term viability.