bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WSe2 2D p‐type semiconductor‐based electronic devices for information technology: Design, preparation, and applications
Authors: Cheng Qilin , Pang Jinbo , Sun Dehui , Wang Jingang , Zhang Shu , Liu Fan , Chen Yuke , Yang Ruiqi , Liang Na , Lu Xiheng , Ji Yanchen , Wang Jian , Zhang Congcong , Sang Yuanhua , Liu Hong , Zhou Weijia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe pioneering exfoliation of monolayer tungsten diselenide has greatly inspired researchers toward semiconducting applications. WSe2 belongs to a family of transition‐metal dichalcogenides. Similar to graphene, WSe2 and analogous dichalcogenides have layered structures with weak van der Waals interactions between two adjacent layers. First, the readers are presented with the fundamentals of WSe2, such as types, morphologies, and properties. Here, we report the characterization principles and practices such as microscopy, spectroscopy, and diffraction. Second, the methods for obtaining high‐quality WSe2, such as exfoliation, hydrothermal and chemical vapor deposition, are briefly listed. With advantages of light weight, flexibility, and high quantum efficiency, 2D materials may have a niche in optoelectronics as building blocks in p‐n junctions. Therefore, we introduce a state‐of‐the‐art demonstration of heterostructure devices employing the p‐type WSe2 semiconductor. The device architectures include field‐effect transistors, photodetectors, gas sensors, and photovoltaic solar cells. Due to its unique electronic, optical, and energy band properties, WSe2 has been increasingly investigated due to the conductivity of the p‐type charge carrier upon palladium contact. Eventually, the dynamic research on WSe2 and van der Waals heterostructures is summarized to arouse the passion of the 2D research community.image
A caffeic acid phenethyl ester analog inhibits the proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via targeting epidermal growth factor receptor
Authors: Ning Xianhui , Ren Xiabin , Xie Xiaofeng , Yan Ping , Wang Dehui , Huang Xinsheng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA previous study reported that compound 5A, a caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) analog, exhibited obvious neuroprotective activity, in particular, compound 5A possessed higher stability and membrane permeability than CAPE. CAPE displays antitumour function; therefore, evaluating the antitumour effect of its analog with higher stability and membrane permeability is worthwhile. We first investigated the antitumour activity of compound 5A. We found that compound 5A significantly inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells and showed low cytotoxicity in normal cells. Furthermore, compound 5A was found to induce the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of CNE2 cells. Through the prediction of SwissTargetPrediction and subsequent confirmation, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was identified as a target of compound 5A. Compound 5A also influenced the expression of genes downstream of EGFR in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. Based on these findings, compound 5A inhibits the proliferation of NPC cells by targeting EGFR and may become a new candidate compound for NPC treatment.
Periodic trends and complexation chemistry of tetravalent actinide ions with a potential actinide decorporation agent 5‐LIO(Me‐3,2‐HOPO): A relativistic density functional theory exploration
Authors: Sadhu Biswajit , Dolg Michael , Kulkarni Mukund S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA relativistic density functional theory (DFT) study is reported which aims to understand the complexation chemistry of An4+ions (An = Th, U, Np, and Pu) with a potential decorporation agent, 5‐LIO(Me‐3,2‐HOPO). The calculations show that the periodic change of the metal binding free energy has an excellent correlation with the ionic radii and such change of ionic radii also leads to the structural modulation of actinide–ligand complexes. The calculated structural and binding parameters agree well with the available experimental data. Atomic charges derived from quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and natural bond order (NBO) analysis shows the major role of ligand‐to‐metal charge transfer in the stability of the complexes. Energy decomposition analysis, QTAIM, and electron localization function (ELF) predict that the actinide–ligand bond is dominantly ionic, but the contribution of orbital interaction is considerable and increases from Th4+to Pu4+. A decomposition of orbital contributions applying the extended transition state‐natural orbital chemical valence method points out the significant π‐donation from the oxygen donor centers to the electron‐poor actinide ion. Molecular orbital analysis suggests an increasing trend of orbital mixing in the context of 5f orbital participation across the tetravalent An series (Th‐Pu). However, the corresponding overlap integral is found to be smaller than in the case of 6d orbital participation. An analysis of the results from the aforementioned electronic structure methods indicates that such orbital participation possibly arises due to the energy matching of ligand and metal orbitals and carries the signature of near‐degeneracy driven covalency.
The expression landscape of cachexia‐inducing factors in human cancers
Authors: Freire Paula Paccielli , Fernandez Geysson Javier , de Moraes Diogo , Cury Sarah Santiloni , Dal Pai‐Silva Maeli , dos Reis Patrícia Pintor , Rogatto Silvia Regina , Carvalho Robson Francisco 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundCachexia is a multifactorial syndrome highly associated with specific tumour types, but the causes of variation in cachexia prevalence and severity are unknown. While circulating plasma mediators (soluble cachectic factors) derived from tumours have been implicated with the pathogenesis of the syndrome, these associations were generally based on plasma concentration rather than tissue‐specific gene expression levels. Here, we hypothesized that tumour gene expression profiling of cachexia‐inducing factors (CIFs) in human cancers with different prevalence of cachexia could reveal potential cancer‐specific cachexia mediators and biomarkers of clinical outcome.MethodsFirst, we combined uniformly processed RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype‐Tissue Expression databases to characterize the expression profile of secretome genes in 12 cancer types (4651 samples) compared with their matched normal tissues (2737 samples). We systematically investigated the transcriptomic data to assess the tumour expression profile of 25 known CIFs and their predictive values for patient survival. We used the Xena Functional Genomics tool to analyse the gene expression of CIFs according to neoplastic cellularity in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, which is known to present the highest prevalence of cachexia.ResultsA comprehensive characterization of the expression profiling of secreted genes in different human cancers revealed pathways and mediators with a potential role in cachexia within the tumour microenvironment. Cytokine‐related and chemokine‐related pathways were enriched in tumour types frequently associated with the syndrome. CIFs presented a tumour‐specific expression profile, in which the number of upregulated genes was correlated with the cachexia prevalence (r2: 0.80; P value: 0.002) and weight loss (r2: 0.81; P value: 0.002). The distinct gene expression profile, according to tumour type, was significantly associated with prognosis (P value ≤ 1.96 E‐06). In pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the upregulated CIF genes were associated with tumours presenting low neoplastic cellularity and high leucocyte fraction and not with tumour grade.ConclusionsOur results present a biological dimension of tumour‐secreted elements that are potentially useful to explain why specific cancer types are more likely to develop cachexia. The tumour‐specific profile of CIFs may help the future development of better targeted therapies to treat cancer types highly associated with the syndrome.
Primaquine phosphate induces the apoptosis of ATRA-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia cells by inhibition of the NF-κB pathway
Authors: Ma Lan , Chen Lianjuan , Li Haoying , Ge Lu , Wang Siheng , Zhang Zhida , Huang He , Shi Liuzhi , Li Tong , Gu Haihua , Lyu Jianxin , He Licai 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
As a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by a chromosomal translocation, most of which result in the production of a PML-RAR alpha fusion protein. Although the overall survival rate of APL patients has improved dramatically due to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment, ATRA-resistance remains a clinical challenge in the management of APL. Therefore, alternative agents should be considered for ATRA-resistant APL patients. Here, we report that antimalaria drug primaquine phosphate (PRQ) exhibits an anti-leukemia effect on both ATRA-sensitive cell line NB4 and ATRA-resistant APL cell lines, NB4-LR2, NB4-LR1, and NB4-MR2. Moreover, PRQ significantly inhibited primary colony formation of untreated or relapsed APL patients. Further study showed that PRQ could induce the apoptosis of APL cells by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. The in vivo study showed that PRQ significantly inhibited NB4-LR2 xenograft tumors growth. These results suggest that PRQ is a potential therapeutic agent for ATRA-resistant APL patients.
The indirect antiangiogenic effect of IL-37 in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Mei Yu , Zhu Ying , Teo Huey Yee , Liu Yonghao , Song Yuan , Lim Hwee Ying , Binte Hanafi Zuhairah , Angeli Veronique , Liu Haiyan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
IL-37, a newly identified IL-1 family cytokine, has been shown to play an important role in inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and carcinogenesis. IL-37 has been suggested to suppress tumoral angiogenesis, whereas some publications showed that IL-37 promoted angiogenesis through TGF-β signaling in both physiologic and pathologic conditions. Therefore, the function of IL-37 in tumoral angiogenesis is not clear and the underlying mechanism is not known. In this current study, we investigated the direct role of IL-37 on endothelial cells, as well as its indirect effect on angiogenesis through functioning on tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. We found that IL-37 treatment directly promoted HUVEC migration and tubule formation, indicating IL-37 as a proangiogenic factor. Surprisingly, the supernatants from IL-37 overexpressing tumor cell line promoted HUVEC apoptosis and inhibited its migration and tubule formation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that IL-37 suppressed tumor angiogenesis in a murine orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma model, suggesting its dominant antiangiogenesis role in vivo. Moreover, microarray and qPCR analysis demonstrated that IL-37 reduced the expressions of proangiogenic factors and increased the expressions of antiangiogenic factors by tumor cells. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 expression was significantly decreased by IL-37 in both cell lines and murine tumor models. MMP9 and vascular endothelial growth factor expressions were also reduced in murine tumors overexpressing IL-37, as well as in cell lines overexpressing IL-37 under hypoxic conditions. In conclusion, although IL-37 could exert direct proangiogenic effects on endothelial cells, it plays an antiangiogenic role via modulating proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factor expressions by tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment.
Compatibility of intravenous busulfan with BBraun giving sets, fludarabine and Posiflush
Authors: Smith Evonne K. , Shergold Jill A. , McWhinney Brett C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntravenous busulfan (BU) is known to be incompatible with certain plastics and is recommended for infusion through specific filters. The Queensland Children's Hospital has experienced precipitation on two occasions where BU was administered following a fludarabine (FLU) infusion via a BBraun giving set containing a filter, and after flushing a line with Posiflush (PF).AimThis study determined the chemical and visual compatibility of BU with FLU, PF and BBraun giving sets, with or without a filter.MethodsInfusion solutions of 0.5 mg/mL BU were prepared and a control infusion of BU was passed through Giving set B (no filter). The control was compared to three test infusions passed through Giving set A (filter included). Samples were taken at 0, 1, 2 and 3 h to determine BU concentrations via HPLC. Infusions were visualised for precipitation. Admixtures of 0.25 mg/mL BU and 0.85 mg/mL FLU or 0.25 mg/mL BU and PF in a syringe were prepared, visualised at 1 h and tested by HPLC to determine BU concentration.ResultsThere were no differences in BU concentrations at 1, 2 or 3 h after infusion through Giving set A versus Giving set B. No precipitation occurred. Admixture samples of BU with FLU or BU with PF also showed no precipitation. BU concentrations were also maintained in the samples.DiscussionBBraun giving sets with, or without a filter, are compatible with BU and have no affect on BU concentration and do not cause precipitation. BU is compatible with both FLU and PF as an admixture.
A Preliminary Study on Quantitative Quality Measurements of the Urethral Rhabdosphincter Muscle by Supersonic Shear Wave Imaging in Women With Stress Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Zhao Baihua , Wen Lieming , Chen Wenjie , Qing Zhenzhen , Liu Dan , Liu Minghui 
Published: March 2020

ObjectivesTo quantitatively assess the quality of the urethral rhabdosphincter muscle by measuring its shear wave velocity (Vs) and calculating the Young modulus (E) with supersonic shear wave imaging (SSI).MethodsThis was a prospective study of 43 women with SUI and 52 female control participants who underwent a transperineal US examination with SSI. Supersonic shear wave imaging was performed at rest with a linear transducer and a specialized‐preset procedure. The stability and validity of the shear waves were automatically assessed by the SSI procedure. The SSI images were visualized in a color‐coded elastographic image. In the postprocessing analysis, the ventral part of the urethral rhabdosphincter muscle was manually outlined. The mean Vs and the mean E of the muscle were measured by the SSI procedure. The relationship between the mean Vs, mean E, and SUI was evaluated.ResultsThe SSI examination was successfully performed in 40 patients with SUI (93.0%) and 40 female control participants (76.9%). No significant differences between the groups in age, body mass index, and parity were identified. For the SUI and control groups, the mean Vs values were 2.54 and 2.73 m/s, respectively, and the mean E values were was 19.7 and 22.7kPa. Significant correlations were found between SUI and the mean Vs as well as the mean E (Spearman correlation coefficients, –0.41 and –0.43; P < .05).ConclusionsThe mechanical properties of the urethral sphincter can be quantitatively assessed by SSI. The stiffness of the urethral rhabdosphincter muscle was significantly lower in women with SUI.
Migratory Disturbance Thresholds with Mule Deer and Energy Development
Authors: Sawyer Hall , Lambert Mallory S. , Merkle Jerod A. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTFine‐scale movement data has transformed our knowledge of ungulate migration ecology and now provides accurate, spatially explicit maps of migratory routes that can inform planning and management at local, state, and federal levels. Among the most challenging land use planning issues has been developing energy resources on public lands that overlap with important ungulate habitat, including the migratory routes of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). We generally know that less development is better for minimizing negative effects and maintaining habitat function, but we lack information on the amount of disturbance that animals can tolerate before reducing use of or abandoning migratory habitat. We used global positioning system data from 56 deer across 15 years to evaluate how surface disturbance from natural gas well pads and access roads in western Wyoming, USA, affected habitat selection of mule deer during migration and whether any disturbance threshold(s) existed beyond which use of migratory habitat declined. We used resource and step selection functions to examine disturbance thresholds at 3 different spatial scales. Overall, migratory use by mule deer declined as surface disturbance increased. Based on the weight of evidence from our 3 independent but complementary metrics, declines in migratory use related to surface disturbance were non‐linear, where migratory use sharply declined when surface disturbance from energy development exceeded 3%. Disturbance thresholds may vary across regions, species, or migratory habitats (e.g., stopover sites). Such information can help with management and land use decisions related to mineral leasing and energy development that overlap with the migratory routes of ungulates. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Distinct Histopathology Characteristics in Empty Nose Syndrome
Authors: Wu Ching‐Lung , Fu Chia‐Hsiang , Lee Ta‐Jen 
Published: March 2020

Objectives/HypothesisEmpty nose syndrome (ENS) is a controversial disorder and the change of histopathology has never been discussed. This study aimed to conduct a structured histological review to improve the diagnosis and understanding of ENS. Further immunohistochemical staining of transient receptor potential channel melastatin 8 (TRPM8) was performed.Study DesignA prospective case–control study in a tertiary medical center.MethodsConsecutive patients with ENS who were diagnosed and received surgical intervention after failure of conservative management were included. Patients with benign pituitary gland tumor receiving transsphenoidal excision were enrolled as control group. Biopsy of inferior turbinate was obtained during surgery for histological review and immunohistochemical staining.ResultsSeventeen patients with ENS and six patients as a control group were established for structured histological review. Patients with ENS presented significantly more squamous metaplasia, a higher rate of submucosal fibrosis, and a lower submucosal gland number grading. Additionally, a unique histological change called goblet cell metaplasia was found in the ENS group. The respiratory epitheliums of ENS were mostly intact with preservation of ciliated cells and goblet cells. The ENS group had a significantly lower expression level of TRPM8.ConclusionsThe nasal mucosa of ENS experienced some airway remodeling and thermoreceptors downregulation, which contribute to clinical symptoms. The distinct histology of ENS included preserved respiratory epithelium and goblet cell metaplasia, accompanying with characteristics similar to atrophic rhinitis. Biopsy of the inferior turbinate may help diagnose ENS.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E14–E18, 2021
β‐Sheet Nanocrystals Dictate Water Responsiveness of Bombyx Mori Silk
Authors: Park Yaewon , Jung Yeojin , Li Tai‐De , Lao Jianpei , Tu Raymond S. , Chen Xi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWater‐responsive (WR) materials that strongly swell and shrink in response to changes in relative humidity (RH) have shown a great potential to serve as high‐energy actuators for soft robotics and new energy‐harvesting systems. However, the design criteria governing the scalable and high‐efficiency WR actuation remain unclear, and thus inhibit further development of WR materials for practical applications. Nature has provided excellent examples of WR materials that contain stiff nanocrystalline structures that can be crucial to understand the fundamentals of WR behavior. This work reports that regenerated Bombyx (B.) mori silk can be processed to increase β‐sheet crystallinity, which dramatically increases the WR energy density to 1.6 MJ m−3, surpassing that of all known natural muscles, including mammalian muscles and insect muscles. Interestingly, the maximum water sorption decreases from 80.4% to 19.2% as the silk's β‐sheet crystallinity increases from 19.7% to 57.6%, but the silk's WR energy density shows an eightfold increase with higher fractions of β‐sheets. The findings of this study suggest that high crystallinity of silk reduces energy dissipation and translates the chemical potential of water‐induced pressure to external loads more efficiently during the hydration/dehydration processes. Moreover, the availability of B. mori silk opens up possibilities for simple and scalable modification and production of powerful WR actuators.
Copathology in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: Does It Matter?
Authors: Jecmenica Lukic Milica , Kurz Carolin , Respondek Gesine , Grau‐Rivera Oriol , Compta Yaroslau , Gelpi Ellen , Troakes Claire ,   Barcelona Brain Bank collaborative group, the MDS‐endorsed PSP study group, van Swieten John C. , Giese Armin , Roeber Sigrun , Arzberger Thomas , Höglinger Günter 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe influence of concomitant brain pathologies on the progression rate in PSP is unclear.ObjectivesTo analyze the frequency and severity of copathologies and their impact on the progression in PSP.MethodsWe analyzed clinic‐pathological features of 101 PSP patients. Diagnoses and stages of copathologies were established according to standardized criteria, including Alzheimer's disease–related pathology, argyrophilic grains, Lewy‐related pathology, transactive response DNA‐binding protein 43 pathology, fused in sarcoma pathology, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and small vessel disease. Demographic data and major clinical milestones (frequency and latency to onset) were extracted from patients’ files.ResultsOnly 8% of 101 patients presented with pure PSP pathology without any copathology. Alzheimer's disease–related pathology was the most frequent (84%), followed by argyrophilic grains (58%), both occurring as single copathology or in combination with other proteinopathies or cerebrovascular disease. Lewy‐related and transactive response DNA‐binding protein 43 copathology occurred rarely (8% and 6%, respectively). Fused in sarcoma–positive cases were not found. While being common, copathology was mostly mild in severity, with the exception of frequently widespread argyrophilic grains. Small vessel disease was also frequent (65%). Cerebral amyloid angiopathy occurred only in the presence of Alzheimer's disease–related changes (25%). The copathologies did not have major impact on prevalence and time frame of major disease milestones.ConclusionsIn PSP, concomitant neurodegenerative proteinopathies or cerebrovascular diseases are frequent, but generally mild in severity. Our data confirmed that four repeat tau is still the most relevant target for PSP, whereas the impact of copathologies on progression rate appears to be of less importance. This is relevant information for the development of disease‐modifying therapies. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.