bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of fatty acid profile of supplements on intake, performance, carcass traits, meat characteristics, and meat sensorial analysis of feedlot Bos indicus bulls offered a high-concentrate diet
Authors: Costa Carolina , Rizzieri Ramon , Melo Gabriel , Müller Leonardo , Estevan Daniela , Pacheco Rodrigo , Millen Danilo , Pereira Angélica , Zanatta Mariana , Cappellozza Bruno , Cervieri Rafael , Martins Cyntia , Arrigoni Mário 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of lipid source and fatty acid (FA) profile on intake, performance, carcass characteristics, expression of enzymes, and sensorial analysis of Bos indicus animals offered a high-concentrate diet. On day 0, 96 noncastrated animals were blocked by initial body weight (400 ± 19.3 kg), randomly allocated to 1 of 24 pens (4 animals/pen), and pens were randomly assigned to receive: 1) control: basal diet composed of whole cottonseed and corn germ as lipid substrates (CONT; n = 6), 2) calcium salts of fatty acids (CSFA) of soybean: CSFA of soybean oil as replacement for whole cottonseed and corn germ (calcium salts of soybean oil [CSSO]; n = 6), 3) CSFA-Blend: CSFA of palm, cottonseed, and soybean oil as replacement for whole cottonseed and corn germ (calcium salts of vegetable oils [CSVO]; n = 6), and 4) Mix: basal diet containing whole cottonseed, corn germ, and CSVO (MIXT; n = 6). Experiment lasted 108 d and performance, ultrasound measurements, as well as carcass characteristics were evaluated. Additionally, meat FA profile, expression of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, and sensorial analysis were evaluated. No treatment effects were observed on performance variables, ultrasound, and carcass traits (P ≥ 0.22), whereas animals receiving CONT had a greater intake of C10:0, C16:0, C16:1 trans-9, C18:1 cis-9, C18:2, C18:3, total FA, monounsatured FA (MUFA), and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) vs. CSSO and MIXT (P &lt; 0.05). Conversely, intake ratios of saturated FA (SFA):MUFA and SFA:PUFA were all reduced for CONT vs. other treatments. Meat obtained from CONT animals had greater colorimetric (L*, a*, and b*) values vs. MIXT (P &lt; 0.01). On meat FA profile, CONT increased C18:0 vs. supplementation with calcium salts (P &lt; 0.02) and supplementation with CSSO yielded greater meat concentrations of C18:1 trans-10 and C18:2 CLA intermediates (P &lt; 0.01). Expression of SREBP-1, SCD, and LPL was downregulated for CSSO (P &lt; 0.05). For sensorial analysis, regular flavor was greater (P = 0.01) for CSSO vs. other treatments, but also greater aroma (P = 0.05) vs. CONT and CSVO. In summary, addition of different lipid sources with varying FA profiles into high-concentrate diets did not affect performance and carcass characteristics of B. indicus animals, but supplementation with calcium salts of soybean oil inhibited the mRNA expression of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, whereas flavor and aroma were positively affected by this lipid source.
Early Life Exposure to Nicotine: Postnatal Metabolic, Neurobehavioral and Respiratory Outcomes and the Development of Childhood Cancers
Authors: Jamshed Laiba , Perono Genevieve A , Jamshed Shanza , Holloway Alison C 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with numerous obstetrical, fetal, and developmental complications, as well as an increased risk of adverse health consequences in the adult offspring. Nicotine replacement therapy and electronic nicotine delivery systems (e-cigarettes) have been developed as a pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation and are considered safer alternatives for women to smoke during pregnancy. The safety of nicotine replacement therapy use during pregnancy has been evaluated in a limited number of short-term human trials, but there is currently no information on the long-term effects of developmental nicotine exposure in humans. However, animal studies suggest that nicotine alone may be a key chemical responsible for many of the long-term effects associated with maternal cigarette smoking on the offspring and increases the risk of adverse neurobehavioral outcomes, dysmetabolism, respiratory illness, and cancer. This review will examine the long-term effects of fetal and neonatal nicotine exposure on postnatal health.
HLA DRB1*15:01-DQB1*06:02-Restricted Human CD4+ T Cells Are Selectively Activated With Amoxicillin-Peptide Adducts
Authors: Tailor Arun , Meng Xiaoli , Adair Kareena , Farrell John , Waddington James C , Daly Ann , Pirmohamed Munir , Dear Gordon , Park B Kevin , Naisbitt Dean J 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAmoxicillin-clavulanate is the most common cause of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Drug-specific CD4+ T cells have been detected in patients with DILI, suggestive of an immune etiology. Furthermore, genetic associations including the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1*15:01-DQB1*06:02 haplotype influence susceptibility. Amoxicillin forms protein adducts that are postulated to activate T cells, by conjugating with lysine residues. However, a role for such adducts has not been described. This study aimed to (1) investigate whether amoxicillin-modified HLA-DRB1*15:01-DQB1*06:02 binding peptides selectively activate DILI patient T cells and (2) define the nature of the T-cell response with respective to antigen structure. Peptides carrying lysine residues for amoxicillin binding in positions (KP) 2-6 and anchors for the HLA-DRB1*15:01-DQB1*06:02 haplotype were designed. The amoxicillin-modified peptides were characterized by mass spectrometry prior to culturing with patient peripheral blood mononuclear cell. T-cell clones were then tested for specificity with amoxicillin, unmodified- and amoxicillin-modified peptides, and structural variants. Amoxicillin-modified KP-2 and KP-3 peptide-specific CD4+ clones proliferated and secreted interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-10, perforin and/or IL-17/IL-22 in a dose-dependent manner and displayed no cross-reactivity with amoxicillin, unmodified peptide or with positional derivatives. The T cells response was HLA class II restricted and the amoxicillin-modified peptides bound selectively to HLA-DRB1*15:01 and/or DQB1*06:02. To conclude, we show that amoxicillin-modified peptides bind to both components of the risk haplotype to stimulate DILI patient T cells and describe the importance of the position of nucleophilic lysine residue in the HLA binding peptide sequence.
Mitochondrial Epigenetics and Environmental Health: Making a Case for Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals
Authors: Zhou Zheng , Goodrich Jaclyn M , Strakovsky Rita S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Recent studies implicate mitochondrial dysfunction in the development and progression of numerous chronic diseases, which may be partially due to modifications in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). There is also mounting evidence that epigenetic modifications to mtDNA may be an additional layer of regulation that controls mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Several environmental factors (eg, smoking, air pollution) have been associated with altered mtDNA methylation in a handful of mechanistic studies and in observational human studies. However, little is understood about other environmental contaminants that induce mtDNA epigenetic changes. Numerous environmental toxicants are classified as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Beyond their actions on hormonal pathways, EDC exposure is associated with elevated oxidative stress, which may occur through or result in mitochondrial dysfunction. Although only a few studies have assessed the impacts of EDCs on mtDNA methylation, the current review provides reasons to consider mtDNA epigenetic disruption as a mechanism of action of EDCs and reviews potential limitations related to currently available evidence. First, there is sufficient evidence that EDCs (including bisphenols and phthalates) directly target mitochondrial function, and more direct evidence is needed to connect this to mtDNA methylation. Second, these and other EDCs are potent modulators of nuclear DNA epigenetics, including DNA methylation and histone modifications. Finally, EDCs have been shown to disrupt several modulators of mtDNA methylation, including DNA methyltransferases and the mitochondrial transcription factor A/nuclear respiratory factor 1 pathway. Taken together, these studies highlight the need for future research evaluating mtDNA epigenetic disruption by EDCs and to detail specific mechanisms responsible for such disruptions.
Association Between Anxiety and New Organ Failure, Independently of Critical Illness Severity and Respiratory Status: A Prospective Multicentric Cohort Study
Authors: Mazeraud Aurélien , Polito Andrea , Sivanandamoorthy Sivanthiny , Porcher Raphaël , Heming Nicholas , Stoclin Annabelle , Hissem Tarik , Antona Marion , Blot François , Gaillard Raphaël , Chrétien Fabrice , Annane Djillali , Bozza Fernando A. B. , Siami Shidasp , Sharshar Tarek ,   the Groupe d’Explorations Neurologiques en Réanimation (GENER)
Published: August 2020

Objectives:
Anxiety results from the anticipation of a threat and might be associated with poor outcome in the critically ill. This study aims at showing that anxiety at admission in critically ill patients is associated with new organ failure over the first 7 days of ICU hospitalization independently of baseline organ failure at admission.

Design:
Prospective multicenter cohort study.

Setting:
Three mixed ICU from April 2014 to December 2017.

Patients:
Coma-, delirium-, and invasive mechanical ventilation-free patients admitted to the ICU were included.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
“State anxiety” was assessed using the state component of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory State. Severity of illness was measured using Simplified Acute Physiology Score II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores. Primary endpoint was a composite of occurrence of death or new organ failure in the first 7 days after admission. Three hundred ninety-one patients were included; 159 of 391 women (40.7%); median age 63 years (49–74 yr); median Simplified Acute Physiology Score II 28 (19–37). Two hundred three out of 391 patients (51.9%) reported moderate to severe anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory State ≥ 40). One hundred two out of 391 patients (26.1%) developed a new organ failure. After adjustment to Simplified Acute Physiology Score II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory State greater than or equal to 40 was associated with the primary endpoint (odds ratio, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.18–3.18; p = 0.009) and respiratory failure. In post hoc analysis, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory State greater than or equal to 40 was associated with new organ failure independently and notably of respiratory status at admission (dyspnea-Visual Analogic Scale and Paco
2 ≥ 45 mm Hg).

Conclusions:
Moderate to severe anxiety at ICU admission is associated with early occurrence of new organ failure in critically ill patients, independently of respiratory status and severity of critical illness. The causality link could be addressed in an interventional trial.
Modifiable Risk Factors and Mortality From Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Strokes in Patients Receiving Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Results From the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry
Authors: Cho Sung-Min , Canner Joe , Chiarini Giovanni , Calligy Kate , Caturegli Giorgio , Rycus Peter , Barbaro Ryan P. , Tonna Joseph , Lorusso Roberto , Kilic Ahmet , Choi Chun Woo , Ziai Wendy , Geocadin Romergryko , Whitman Glenn 
Published: August 2020

Objectives:
Although acute brain injury is common in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, little is known regarding the mechanism and predictors of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. We aimed to determine the risk factors and outcomes of each ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in patients with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support.

Design:
Retrospective analysis.

Setting:
Data reported to the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization by 310 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation centers from 2013 to 2017.

Patients:
Patients more than 18 years old supported with a single run of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Of 10,342 venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients, 401 (3.9%) experienced ischemic stroke and 229 (2.2%) experienced hemorrhagic stroke. Reported acute brain injury during venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation decreased from 10% to 6% in 5 years. Overall in-hospital mortality was 56%, but rates were higher when ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke were present (76% and 86%, respectively). In multivariable analysis, lower pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation pH (adjusted odds ratio, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.09–0.49; p < 0.001), higher PO2 on first day of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (adjusted odds ratio, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00–1.02; p = 0.009), higher rates of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit mechanical failure (adjusted odds ratio, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.02–1.74; p = 0.03), and renal replacement therapy (adjusted odds ratio, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.14–1.94; p = 0.004) were independently associated with ischemic stroke. Female sex (adjusted odds ratio, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.16–2.22; p = 0.004), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation duration (adjusted odds ratio, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00–1.03; p = 0.02), renal replacement therapy (adjusted odds ratio, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.30–2.52; p < 0.001), and hemolysis (adjusted odds ratio, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.11–3.16; p = 0.02) were independently associated with hemorrhagic stroke.

Conclusions:
Despite a decrease in the prevalence of acute brain injury in recent years, mortality rates remain high when ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes are present. Future research is necessary on understanding the timing of associated risk factors to promote prevention and management strategy.
Adverse cardiac events in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with programmed death-1and programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitors
Authors: Li Honglin , Han Deting , Feng Xiaoteng , Yu Wenjun , Xu Tongtong , Ma Tao , Song Lucheng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitors are immune therapies that have shown great promise in the treatment of multiple cancers. However, immune-related adverse events of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors may limit their use in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Given the rising number of clinical trials in recent years, it is essential to perform a meta-analysis to provide assess the cardiotoxicity of PD-1/ PD-L1 inhibitors in NSCLC therapy.

Method and analysis:
The ClinicalTrials.gov, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials repositories will be searched from their inception to December 2019. The bibliography of the searching process will be imported into Endnote X9 software. Two reviewers independently will screen the literature, extract data, and conduct the risk of bias for every added study. The data analysis will be analyzed using Stata15.0 software. Specific adverse cardiac events will be identified, with particular attention on atrial fibrillation, cardiac arrest, cardiac failure, and pericarditis. This review will be performed as per the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and meta-analysis statement recommendations.

Ethics and dissemination:
This study will provide support for the cardiotoxicity linked to the treatment of NSCLC using PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. The data in the meta-analysis will be retrieved from completed and published clinical trials; therefore, ethical review and patient informed consent will not be required.

PROSPERO number:
CRD42020156397.
Primary Sjögren syndrome-associated acute interstitial nephritis and type 3 renal tubular acidosis in a patient with thin basement membrane nephropathy
Authors: Du Tian , Liu Xiaohang , Ye Wei , Ye Wenling , Li Chao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
The kidney is one of the common extraglandular sites involved in primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS), with chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) the most common pathology type. Renal involvement in pSS often presents as chronic TIN accompanied by type 1 or 2 renal tubular acidosis (RTA). Description of renal involvement as acute TIN with type III RTA in pSS has been rarely reported.

Patient concerns:
A 37-year-old woman was admitted with complaints of dry mouth, dry eyes, and progressive muscle weakness for 17 months. Two months before admission, the patient had a blood potassium level of 1.7 mmol/L.

Diagnosis:
Further tests confirmed pSS and type III RTA. Renal biopsy demonstrated acute TIN and thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN).

Interventions:
Full-dose corticosteroid (1 mg/kg/day) and cyclophosphamide (100 mg/day) were applied.

Outcomes:
The creatinine levels of the patient decreased 0.28 mg/dL (1.18–0.90 mg/dL) during 3-month follow-up.

Conclusions:
We reported a patient with pSS-associated kidney injury, presenting as acute TIN with type 3 RTA and TBMN. This case increases the awareness of a rare manifestation of pSS-associated kidney injury. In pSS-associated acute TIN, cyclophosphamide combined with full-dose corticosteroids may achieve good outcomes.
Intramedullary nailing for subtrochanteric fracture in autosomal dominant Type II osteopetrosis
Authors: Kim Junyoung , Park Young Chang , Moon Hyun-Soo , Do Woo Sung , Yang Kyu Hyun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Autosomal dominant type II (AD II) osteopetrosis is a rare inheritable metabolic bone disease characterized by hard but brittle bone and a narrow medullary canal. Intramedullary nailing (IMN) is a difficult but attractive option for the treatment of subtrochanteric fractures in patients with AD II osteopetrosis.

Patient concerns and diagnosis:
Two patients with AD II osteopetrosis sustained subtrochanteric fractures after a fall.

Interventions:
IMN was performed through the sequential use of instruments such as a 4.9-mm drill bit, small reamer, and larger reamer for over-reaming.

Outcomes:
In the first case, IMN left some gap at the fracture site. Dynamization was performed to treat the delayed union at 6 months postoperatively. The fracture healed at 10 months after the dynamization. In the second case, IMN was successful without a gap, and the fracture healed at 8 months.

Lessons:
Although IMN is difficult to perform owing to partial obliteration of the medullary canal in AD II osteopetrosis, it can be performed with sequential widening of the medullary canal using various instruments. In addition, the fracture gap should not be left uncorrected during IMN to attain fracture union.
Revising an Organizational Readiness Tool for Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects
Authors: Chavarkar Milan Gupta , Hultgren Marianne , Lommel Lisa 
Published: August 2020

Background
Students conducting doctor of nursing practice (DNP) projects can experience barriers that cause delays, frustration, and poor-quality projects.

Problem
For successful initiation and timely completion of quality projects, organizational readiness for change (ORC) evaluation is essential, yet ORC tools are not currently part of most DNP project requirements and curricula.

Approach
The purpose of this project was to revise a reliable, validated ORC tool with 12 DNP student participants and evaluate its utility for DNP projects.

Outcomes
Doctor of nursing practice students completed the revised Organizational Readiness for Knowledge Translation (OR4KT)–DNP tool and rated the tool as being high in acceptability, learning, and educational impact. Students who indicated that they had complications during project initiation scored lower than their peers on the OR4KT-DNP tool and scored higher on the student survey for utility. The OR4KT-DNP tool can serve as the foundation for a successful DNP project initiation.
The Plastic Surgeon's Role in Health Equity Research and Policy
Authors: Baxter Natalie B. , Chung Kevin C. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Although a growing body of research explores the interplay of social, economic, and environmental conditions that underlie health disparities, there is no clear path forward to combat health inequity. Plastic surgeons continue to witness how changes in healthcare delivery processes, insurance coverage, and payment structures interfere with patients' access to specialty services. However, their perspectives are rarely incorporated into meaningful strategies that ensure equitable care for the diverse patient population. The goal of this article was to convey how plastic surgeons can play a more active role in the development of policies and initiatives to reduce health disparities. A greater focus on modifiable legislative, healthcare system, and provider factors is needed to catalyze progress.
How Comprehensive Are Aesthetic Surgery Fellowship Websites?
Authors: Maisner Rose S. , Babu Archana , Ayyala Haripriya S. , Ramanadham Smita 
Published: August 2020

Background
Fellowship programs heavily utilize websites in the recruitment of senior residents. Studies in subspecialty areas have demonstrated deficiencies in website content; however, no study has evaluated the websites of esthetic surgery fellowships. The recent establishment of the aesthetic fellowship match in 2018 highlights the need for accessible program information.

Objective
To assess the success in accessibility of educational and recruitment content of aesthetic surgery fellowship websites for prospective applicants.

Methods
Websites of aesthetic surgery fellowships were eligible for study inclusion. Aesthetic fellowship websites (AFWs) were evaluated for content regarding fellow education and fellow recruitment. Website content was analyzed using Fisher exact test and analysis of variance.

Results
Twenty-eight programs were compiled from the American Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery website. Regarding fellowship education, 35.7% of AFWs described operative experience and research requirements, and 28.6% of AFWs included information on didactics, but less than 11% outlined rotation schedules, annual meetings, or academic conferences. None listed fellow evaluation criteria. Regarding recruitment information, 85.7% of AFWs had program descriptions, but less than 33% listed affiliated hospitals, faculty, or current fellows. Of the 67.9% of AFWs that listed eligibility criteria, none listed selection criteria. When programs were stratified by the type of aesthetic training offered, fellowships that offered whole-body aesthetic training had significantly more recruitment content (P = 0.0394) on their websites than those specializing in facial aesthetics only.

Conclusions
There is a paucity of information regarding recruitment and education on AFWs. Programs should strive to create a comprehensive website to better attract and assist residents applying for fellowship.