bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucose‐ Responsive Actuators Based on Bigel Strip from Host‐Guest Assembly Between a β‐Cyclodextrin‐Based Host Gel and a Ferrocene‐Based Guest Gel
Authors: Tong Rongbai , Yu Haojie , Wang Li 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA novel system with 3‐acrylamidophenylboronic acid (AAPBA) as a glucose‐sensing moiety in the glucose‐responsive bigel actuator was developed. The strategy was based on the integration of ferrocene (Fc) and β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) moieties in the host and guest gels to form new bigel actuators which can be used to develop switches, artificial muscles, and remote controls. This work illustrates the formation of a bigel strip using the polyacrylamide‐based hydrogel functionalized with ferrocene (PAM−Fc) as the guest gel, and polyacrylamide‐based hydrogel functionalized with AAPBA and β‐CD (AAPBA‐CD) as the host gel. The resultant bigel exhibited glucose‐responsive bending properties due to the differences in the glucose sensitivity of the two stripes. It was observed that the variations in the pH induce reversible bending and straightening transition in a bigel strip. Furthermore, the optimization of the crosslinking density and the concentration of glucose provided fast bending ability and a large bending degree, which can be applied to develop a glucose‐sensitive switch for glucose detection sensors.
Regioselective Halogenation of 2H‐Chromenones Promoted by Oxone and NaX: A Facile Approach for the Preparation of Halochromenones and 2H‐Chromenone Natural Products
Authors: Vanammoole Lakshmireddy , Kommera Rajkumar , Hariprasad Kurma Siva , Rao Vaidya Jayathirtha , Raju Bhimapaka China 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA systematic study has been conducted for the regioselective halogenation of 2H‐chromenones to prepare 3‐halo‐2H‐chromenones, 4‐substituted 3‐halo‐2H‐chromenones and 3‐(2‐haloacetyl)‐2H‐chromenones. Commercially available NaCl/NaBr has been used as halogen source and oxone as an oxidant to produce the compounds. Further, the method has been successfully applied for the preparation of pharmaceutically important halogenated 2H‐chromenone natural products. The present approach is simple, economically viable and provided the target compounds with good yields.
Bioadsorbent from Magnetic Activated Carbon Hybrid for Removal of Dye and Pesticide
Authors: Nejadshafiee Vajihe , Islami Mohammad Reza 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA novel bioadsorbent has been developed based on the framework of activated carbon, Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and ascorbic acid (AA@Fe3O4 NPs@AC). The objective of this study was efficient adsorption of organic compounds such as dye and pesticide from aqueous solutions by AA@Fe3O4 NPs@AC adsorbent. The structure of AA@Fe3O4 NPs@AC was characterized by TEM, TGA, FTIR, VSM, XRD, BET and Zeta potential. Moreover, the adsorption process of dye and pesticide compounds on AA@Fe3O4 NPs@AC was systematically considered and was found which the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic equation and Langmuir isotherm model conformed. The maximum adsorption capacities of AA@Fe3O4 NPs@AC for methylene blue (MB) dye and acetamiprid pesticide compounds were 370.37 and 357.14 mg g−1, respectively that revealed excellent adsorption performance of AA@Fe3O4 NPs@AC adsorbent. On the other hand, with easy and high recovery of AA@Fe3O4 NPs@AC through magnetic separation has provided a simple and green method to enhance the efficiency of bio‐adsorbent for remove of dyes and pesticides from contaminated water.
Synthesis and Characterization of Some Boomerang Imine‐Ester Mesogenic Materials Based on Thiophene Unit
Authors: Abdulnabi Nabih M. , Habeeb Hadeel Q. A. , Tomi Ivan H. R. , Jaffer Hamed J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA new homologous series of imine‐ester compounds ({(1E)‐[5‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐2‐thienyl]methylene}amino)phenyl‐4‐alkoxybenzoate (series IIIa‐k) comprising thiophene ring as a rigid core has been synthesized. The molecular structures of these esters were proven by means of Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). Different liquid‐crystalline textures (nematic and smectic A) have been observed by optical polarizing microscopy (OPM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The first four homologues in this series (IIIa‐IIId) displayed a nematic phase while the most of homologues that have longer alkyl group exhibited both nematic and smectic phases. The liquid crystalline phases of these compounds are dependent on the length of alkyl chain of the molecules. The mesomorphic phase stability of the prepared compounds in the presence of thiophene ring within chemical structures of the mesogens has been discussed comprehensively, and the liquid crystalline behaviors of these compounds have been compared with other reported mesogens that have similar chemical structures.
l‐Proline Catalyzed Synthesis of Highly Functionalized 4‐Hydroxy‐4H‐chromene‐pyrazoles and 4‐Hydroxy‐4H‐chromene‐barbiturates in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Subba Reddy Chitreddy V , Sumathi Shanmugam 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA simple and efficient method for the synthesis of novel 4‐hydroxy‐4H‐chromene‐pyrazoles and 4‐hydroxy‐4H‐chromene‐barbiturates was developed from the reaction of 2‐ethoxy‐2H‐chromene chalcones with pyrazolin‐5‐one and barbituric acid catalyzed by l‐proline in water. The developed protocol is applicable for the construction of biologically important 4H‐chromenes from easily accessible chalcones having various substituents. This reaction proceeds through Aldol condensation, Michael addition and hydrolysis reactions followed by the elimination of ethoxy group. This methodology offers cleaner conversion, a shorter reaction time and high yields. For the first time, we report the synthesis of novel 4‐hydroxy‐4H‐chromenes from 2‐ethoxy‐2H‐chromene chalcones and pyrazolin‐5‐one/barbituric acid using l‐proline (72–86 % yield in 6 h). Water was used as the solvent for all the compounds it represents a green synthetic protocol.
Microwave Assisted One‐Pot Multicomponent Synthesis Using ZnO‐β Zeolite Nanoparticle: An Easy Access to 7‐Benzodioxolo[4,5‐b]xanthene‐dione and 4‐Oxo‐tetrahydroindole Scaffolds
Authors: Lambat Trimurti L. , Mahmood Sami H. , Ledade Pankaj V. , Banerjee Subhash 
Published: July 2020

AbstractZnO‐β zeolite nanoparticle has been introduced as, an inexpensive and efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the one‐pot multicomponent synthesis of 7‐benzodioxolo[4,5‐b]xanthenedione and 4‐oxo‐tetrahydroindole derivatives under microwave (MW) irradiations. The method offers several advantages such as excellent yields of the products (>90%), simple work‐up procedures, faster reactions, use of MW as source of energy and recyclability of the catalyst.
Hollow TiN Microspheres Synthesized by a Template‐Free Method as a Matrix for High Performance Li‐S Battery
Authors: Deng Ding‐Rong , Wu Qi‐Hui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHollow titanium nitride (TiN) microspheres were synthesized using a simple and template‐free method. Compared to other approaches via templates, the way we reported is simpler and more economical. Meanwhile, the surface porous structure could form simultaneously. The TiN microspheres with an average diameter of about 1 μm are composed of tens of nanoscale spherical particles (40‐60 nm), which are first applied in cathode as a host material for lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries. Due to the hollow and porous architecture and the N−Ti‐N bonding unit, the TiN spheres resist the volume changes during charge/discharge, effectively reduce the “shuttle effect”, and catalyze the sulfur conversion reaction as well. The cell with TiN microsphere cathode exhibits a large discharge capacity of 692 mAh g−1 at 1st cycle under a high rate of 5 C, releases the reversible capacity of 740 mAh g−1 under a rate of 1 C after 400 cycles with a capacity decay of 0.006 % per cycle. These results demonstrate the enormous potential of the TiN microspheres as the host material for high‐performance Li−S batteries.
Rényi entropies and area operator from gravity with Hayward term
Authors: Botta-Cantcheff Marcelo , Martinez Pedro J. , Zarate Juan F. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the context of the holographic duality, the entanglement entropy of ordinary QFT in a subregion in the boundary is given by a quarter of the area of an minimal surface embedded in the bulk spacetime. This rule has been also extended to a suitable one-parameter generalization of the von-Neuman entropy Ŝn that is related to the Rényi entropies Sn, as given by the area of a cosmic brane minimally coupled with gravity, with a tension related to n that vanishes as n → 1, and moreover, this parameter can be analytically extended to arbitrary real values. However, the brane action plays no role in the duality and cannot be considered a part of the theory of gravity, thus it is used as an auxiliary tool to find the correct background geometry.In this work we study the construction of the gravitational (reduced) density matrix from holographic states, whose wave-functionals are described as euclidean path integrals with arbitrary conditions on the asymptotic boundaries, and argue that in general, a non-trivial Hayward term must be haven into account. So we propose that the gravity model with a coupled Nambu-Goto action is not an artificial tool to account for the Rényi entropies, but it is present in the own gravity action through a Hayward term. As a result we show that the computations using replicas simplify considerably and we recover the holographic prescriptions for the measures of entanglement entropy; in particular, derive an area law for the original Rényi entropies (Sn) related to a minimal surface in the n replicated spacetime. Moreover, we show that the gravitational modular flow contains the area operator and can explain the Jafferis-Lewkowycz-Maldacena-Suh proposal.
The fully-differential gluon beam function at NNLO
Authors: Gaunt Jonathan R. , Stahlhofen Maximilian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The fully-differential beam function (dBF) is a universal ingredient in resummed predictions of hadron collider observables that probe the full kinematics of the incoming parton from each colliding proton — the virtuality and transverse momentum as well as the light-cone momentum fraction x. In this paper we compute the matching coefficients between the unpolarized gluon dBF and the usual parton distribution functions (PDFs) at the two-loop order. For observables probing both the virtuality and transverse momentum of incoming gluons, our results provide the part of the NNLO singular cross section related to collinear initial-state radiation, and are required for the resummation of large logarithms through N3LL. Further to this, the dBF is closely linked to the beam function appearing in a generalized version of threshold factorization, via a simple integration. By performing this integration for the two-loop gluon matching coefficients, we also obtain the corresponding quantities for the generalized threshold beam function.
On a Characterization of Riesz Bases via Biorthogonal Sequences
Authors: Stoeva Diana T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIt is well known that a sequence in a Hilbert space is a Riesz basis if and only if it is a complete Bessel sequence with biorthogonal sequence which is also a complete Bessel sequence. Here we prove that the completeness of one (any one) of the biorthogonal sequences can be removed from the characterization.
Intermittierende Wahrnehmungsstörungen unter Nahrungskarenz bei einer 46-jährigen Patientin
Authors: Ravens S. , Scheit L. 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese
Wir berichten von einer 46-jährigen Patientin, die sich mit intermittierenden Wahrnehmungsstörungen bei Nahrungskarenz in unserer Notaufnahme vorstellte.

Diagnostik
Im diagnostischen Fastentest wurde bereits nach 7 h eine hyperinsulinämische Hypoglykämie festgestellt. Bei unauffälliger Sonographie wurde eine 68Ga-HA-DOTATATE-Positronenemissionstomographie-Computertomographie durchgeführt; das Bild passte zu einer neuroendokrinen Neoplasie, was den Verdacht auf ein Insulinom lenkte.

Therapie und Verlauf
Es erfolgte die Verlegung in ein externes Krankenhaus zur operativen Therapie, anschließend war die Patientin symptomfrei.

Folgerung
Bei Präsentation von multiplen Symptomen passend zu einer Hypoglykämie sollte differenzialdiagnostisch auch an ein Insulinom gedacht werden.
On-machine focus variation measurement for micro-scale hybrid surface texture machining
Authors: Santoso Teguh , Syam Wahyudin P. , Darukumalli Subbareddy , Cai Yukui , Helmli Franz , Luo Xichun , Leach Richard 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFast and accurate in-line areal surface topography measuring instruments are required to control the quality of microscale manufactured components, without significantly slowing down the production process. Full-field areal optical surface topography measurement instruments are promising for in-line or on-machine measurement applications due to their ability to measure quickly, to access small features and to avoid surface damage. This paper presents the development and integration of a compact optical focus variation sensor for on-machine surface topography measurement mounted on to a hybrid ultraprecision machine tool. The sensor development is described and a case study involving the on-machine dimensional measurement of the depth of hydrophobic microscale features, including microchannels and micro-dimples, is presented. Comparisons of results between the on-machine measurements obtained by the developed sensor and a desktop focus variation microscope are presented and discussed. The comparison results show that the developed focus variation sensor is able to perform on-machine dimensional measurement of microscale features within sub-micrometre accuracy.
Enhanced Recovery After Pancreatic Surgery Does One Size Really Fit All? A Clinical Score to Predict the Failure of an Enhanced Recovery Protocol After Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Capretti Giovanni , Cereda Marco , Gavazzi Francesca , Uccelli Fara , Ridolfi Cristina , Nappo Gennaro , Donisi Greta , Evangelista Andrea , Zerbi Alessandro 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe inability to comply with enhanced recovery protocols (ERp) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is a real but understated issue. Our goal is to report our experience and a potential tool to predict ERp failure in order to better characterize this problem.MethodsFrom January 1, 2014, to January 31, 2016, 205 consecutive patients underwent PD in our center and were managed according to an ERp. Failure to comply with postoperative protocol items was defined as any of: no active ambulation on postoperative day 1 (POD1); less than 4 h out of bed on POD2; removal of nasogastric tube and bladder catheter after POD1 and POD3, respectively; reintroduction of oral feeding after POD4; and continuation of intravenous infusions after POD4. Data were collected in a prospective database.ResultsTaking in consideration the number of failed items and the length of stay, we defined failure of the ERp as no compliance to two or more items. A total of 116 patients (56.6%) met this definition of failure. We created a predictive model consisting of age, BMI, operative time, and pancreatic stump consistency. These variables were independent predictors of failure (OR 1.03 [1.001–1.06] p = 0.01; OR 1.11 [1.01–1.22] p = 0.03; OR 1.004 [1.001–1.009] p = 0.02 and OR 2.89 [1.48–5.67] p = 0.002, respectively). Patient final score predicted the failure of the ERp with an area under the ROC curve of 0.747.ConclusionsIt seems to be possible to predict ERp failure after PD. Patients at high risk of failure may benefit more from a specific ERp.
The role of IT in energy systems: the digital revolution as part of the problem or part of the solution
Authors: Kupzog Friederich , King Ross , Stefan Mark 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe architectural design of our energy systems dates back to a time without information technology (IT). Over time, IT was applied where it increased efficiency and safety. About 12 years ago, the Smart Grid era began. In the meantime, we talk about digitalization. Electrical energy systems require embedded systems, Internet of Things, computation clusters and data analytics. However, IT also has another role in the energy system, namely that of a substantial consumer. Crypto currencies and data centers are on the rise. We analyze impacts on energy demand and discuss risks and chances of this development.
Prognostic value of histopathological DCIS features in a large-scale international interrater reliability study
Authors: Groen Emma J. , Hudecek Jan , Mulder Lennart , van Seijen Maartje , Almekinders Mathilde M. , Alexov Stoyan , Kovács Anikó , Ryska Ales , Varga Zsuzsanna , Andreu Navarro Francisco-Javier , Bianchi Simonetta , Vreuls Willem , Balslev Eva , Boot Max V. , Kulka Janina , Chmielik Ewa , Barbé Ellis , de Rooij Mathilda J. , Vos Winand , Farkas Andrea , Leeuwis-Fedorovich Natalja E. , Regitnig Peter , Westenend Pieter J. , Kooreman Loes F. S. , Quinn Cecily , Floris Giuseppe , Cserni Gábor , van Diest Paul J. , Lips Esther H. , Schaapveld Michael , Wesseling Jelle ,   Grand Challenge PRECISION consortium
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
For optimal management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), reproducible histopathological assessment is essential to distinguish low-risk from high-risk DCIS. Therefore, we analyzed interrater reliability of histopathological DCIS features and assessed their associations with subsequent ipsilateral invasive breast cancer (iIBC) risk.

Methods
Using a case-cohort design, reliability was assessed in a population-based, nationwide cohort of 2767 women with screen-detected DCIS diagnosed between 1993 and 2004, treated by breast-conserving surgery with/without radiotherapy (BCS ± RT) using Krippendorff’s alpha (KA) and Gwet’s AC2 (GAC2). Thirty-eight raters scored histopathological DCIS features including grade (2-tiered and 3-tiered), growth pattern, mitotic activity, periductal fibrosis, and lymphocytic infiltrate in 342 women. Using majority opinion-based scores for each feature, their association with subsequent iIBC risk was assessed using Cox regression.

Results
Interrater reliability of grade using various classifications was fair to moderate, and only substantial for grade 1 versus 2 + 3 when using GAC2 (0.78). Reliability for growth pattern (KA 0.44, GAC2 0.78), calcifications (KA 0.49, GAC2 0.70) and necrosis (KA 0.47, GAC2 0.70) was moderate using KA and substantial using GAC2; for (type of) periductal fibrosis and lymphocytic infiltrate fair to moderate estimates were found and for mitotic activity reliability was substantial using GAC2 (0.70). Only in patients treated with BCS-RT, high mitotic activity was associated with a higher iIBC risk in univariable analysis (Hazard Ratio (HR) 2.53, 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 1.05–6.11); grade 3 versus 1 + 2 (HR 2.64, 95% CI 1.35–5.14) and a cribriform/solid versus flat epithelial atypia/clinging/(micro)papillary growth pattern (HR 3.70, 95% CI 1.34–10.23) were independently associated with a higher iIBC risk.

Conclusions
Using majority opinion-based scores, DCIS grade, growth pattern, and mitotic activity are associated with iIBC risk in patients treated with BCS-RT, but interrater variability is substantial. Semi-quantitative grading, incorporating and separately evaluating nuclear pleomorphism, growth pattern, and mitotic activity, may improve the reliability and prognostic value of these features.
Exploratory Study of Common Changes in Client Behaviors Following Routine Psychotherapy: Does Psychological Flexibility Typically Change and Predict Outcomes?
Authors: Brandon Shamell , Pallotti Christina , Jog Meenal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPsychological flexibility refers to a modifiable pattern of interacting with one’s experiences with openness and awareness (acceptance-and-mindfulness) and active engagement guided by personal values (commitment-and-behavioral activation). Psychological flexibility has a base of research literature that supports its utility as a model of human behavioral health and pathology. Although the model is central in organizing the therapeutic processes of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, researchers have argued that psychological flexibility processes might be activated in other effective therapy models included in routine psychotherapy, even if those models do not purport to target those processes. This study explored the degree to which aspects of clients’ psychological flexibility, specifically acceptance-and-mindfulness and commitment-and-behavioral activation, changed after episodes of routine psychotherapy and were predictors of outcome changes for a clinically heterogeneous sample (n = 197) in a naturalistic treatment setting. Results showed statistically significant and small improvements in acceptance-and-mindfulness (d = 0.22) and commitment-and-behavioral activation (d = 0.24) and that changes in psychological flexibility were significant predictors of changes in both flourishing and distress, explaining 42% and 23% of those respective therapy outcomes. Whereas a mix of therapy approaches may slightly improve psychological flexibility, more explicit attention to strengthening it might benefit the work of diverse psychotherapists given its potential relevance to achieving common overarching therapy outcomes.
How to Cope with Perfectionism? Perfectionism as a Risk Factor for Suicidality and the Role of Cognitive Coping in Adolescents
Authors: de Jonge-Heesen Karlijn W. J. , Rasing Sanne P. A. , Vermulst Ad A. , Engels Rutger C. M. E. , Creemers Daan H. M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSuicide among adolescents is a significant health concern. Gaining more knowledge about markers that contribute to or protect against suicide is crucial. Perfectionism is found to be a personality trait that is strongly predictive for suicidality; it can be divided into personal standards perfectionism (PS) and concerns about mistakes and doubts perfectionism (CMD). This study investigated the association between PS, CMD, and suicidality in a sample of 273 Dutch secondary school students aged between 12 and 15 years old (M = 13.54,SD = 0.58, 55.8% males). We also examined whether adaptive, or maladaptive cognitive coping strategies influenced these associations. We hypothesized that students high in PS or CMD would experience an increased suicidality. Moreover, we expected that adaptive coping strategies would act as buffer between the association of perfectionism and suicidality, and that maladaptive coping strategies would strengthen this association. For analyses, we used a regression model with latent variables. The results showed that higher scores in perfectionism (PS and CMD) were related to an increase in suicidality. High levels of maladaptive coping in combination with high levels of perfectionism were associated with an increase in suicidality. Although adaptive coping was related to a decrease in suicidality, adaptive coping in interaction with PS and with CMD was not a predictor of suicidality. The results are relevant for prevention, and intervention programs. This paper makes recommendations for clinical practice and further research in order to prevent suicidality in adolescents.