bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Analysis of Near‐Contact Photobiomodulation Therapy in the Host–Bacteria Interaction Model Using 3D‐Printed Modular LED Platform
Authors: Kim Hye‐Eun , Islam Sayemul , Park Moonchul , Kim Albert , Hwang Geelsu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOne well‐studied bacterial factor recognized by the host immune system is lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that stimulate host cells, resulting in cell inflammation. Although photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy demonstrates its potency on anti‐inflammatory activity, the complete mechanism of action in the host–bacteria interaction model is still elusive. In addition, many studies were performed regarding a distance between the light source and biological sample (non‐contact therapy) that may result in disparate reports on the efficacy of PBM therapy. Thus, it is critical to clearly understand the effect of this approach to maximize efficacy and minimize side effects. Here, a custom‐built light‐emitting diode (LED) platform that mimics near‐contact therapy is developed. The effect and mechanism of PBM therapy on epithelial cells in response to LPS is systematically investigated under various conditions (wavelength, irradiation‐time, pulse‐frequency). The data show that the irradiation of near‐infrared (NIR‐LED) significantly improves the viability of inflamed cells. It reveals that NIR‐LED inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species by regulating the Nox4‐NF‐κB pathway. Interestingly, however, high‐pulse frequency stimulus causes the collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) of cells, resulting in cell death. These results suggest that the optimized “PBM condition” is critical to assist the healthy immune system of the host against bacterial invasion.
Biomaterial Approaches for Understanding and Overcoming Immunological Barriers to Effective Oral Vaccinations
Authors: Frizzell Hannah , Woodrow Kim A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOral vaccines have the potential to reduce cost, improve compliance, and induce immunity at mucosal surfaces that are the first line of defense against infection. The gastrointestinal tract is highly evolved to efficiently digest and absorb nutrients without eliciting aberrant inflammation. However, these functions also limit the efficacy of immunization by the oral route. While mechanisms responsible for the development of tolerance to fed antigens are being illuminated, the application of materials with precise physiochemical properties and immunomodulatory potential may accelerate understanding of immunity within the gastrointestinal tract. Insight into these immunological mechanisms can inform the design of next‐generation oral vaccines to harness critical functions to elicit immunity. Here, material strategies for oral vaccines and their dual function in understanding and overcoming immunological barriers associated with oral immunization are discussed.
Engineering Multiphase Metal Halide Perovskites Thin Films for Stable and Efficient Solar Cells
Authors: Kim Min , Figueroa‐Tapia Jetsabel M. , Prato Mirko , Petrozza Annamaria 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe intrinsic instability of lead halide perovskite semiconductors in an ambient atmosphere is one of the most critical issues that impedes perovskite solar cell commercialization. To overcome it, the use of bulky organic spacers has emerged as a promising solution. The resulting perovskite thin films present complex morphologies, difficult to predict, which can directly affect the device efficiency. Here, by combining in‐depth morphological and spectroscopic characterization, it is shown that both the ionic size and the relative concentration of the organic cation, drive the integration of bulky organic cations into the crystal unit cell and the thin film, inducing different perovskite phases and different vertical distribution, then causing a significant change in the final thin film morphology. Based on these studies, a fine‐engineered perovskite is constructed by employing two different large cations, namely, ethyl ammonium and butyl ammonium. The first one takes part in the 3D perovskite phase formation, the second one works as a surface modifier by forming a passivating layer on top of the thin film. Together they lead to improved photovoltaic performance and device stability when tested in air under continuous illumination. These findings propose a general approach to achieve reliability in perovskite‐based optoelectronic devices.
3D‐Printed Stretchable Micro‐Supercapacitor with Remarkable Areal Performance
Authors: Li Xiran , Li Hongpeng , Fan Xiangqian , Shi Xinlei , Liang Jiajie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWhile stretchable micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs) have been realized, they have suffered from limited areal electrochemical performance, thus greatly restricting their practical electronic application. Herein, a facile strategy of 3D printing and unidirectional freezing of a pseudoplastic nanocomposite gel composed of Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets, manganese dioxide nanowire, silver nanowires, and fullerene to construct intrinsically stretchable MSCs with thick and honeycomb‐like porous interdigitated electrodes is introduced. The unique architecture utilizes thick electrodes and a 3D porous conductive scaffold in conjunction with interacting material properties to achieve higher loading of active materials, larger interfacial area, and faster ion transport for significantly improved areal energy and power density. Moreover, the oriented cellular scaffold with fullerene‐induced slippage cell wall structure prompts the printed electrode to withstand large deformations without breaking or exhibiting obvious performance degradation. When imbued with a polymer gel electrolyte, the 3D‐printed MSC achieves an unprecedented areal capacitance of 216.2 mF cm−2 at a scan rate of 10 mV s−1, and remains stable when stretched up to 50% and after 1000 stretch/release cycles. This intrinsically stretchable MSC also exhibits high rate capability and outstanding areal energy density of 19.2 µWh cm−2 and power density of 58.3 mW cm−2, outperforming all reported stretchable MSCs.
The Human Host‐Defense Peptide Cathelicidin LL‐37 is a Nanomolar Inhibitor of Amyloid Self‐Assembly of Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP)
Authors: Armiento Valentina , Hille Kathleen , Naltsas Denise , Lin Jennifer S. , Barron Annelise E. , Kapurniotu Aphrodite 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAmyloid self‐assembly of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is linked to pancreatic inflammation, β‐cell degeneration, and the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The multifunctional host‐defence peptides (HDPs) cathelicidins play crucial roles in inflammation. Here, we show that the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory polypeptide human cathelicidin LL‐37 binds IAPP with nanomolar affinity and effectively suppresses its amyloid self‐assembly and related pancreatic β‐cell damage in vitro. In addition, we identify key LL‐37 segments that mediate its interaction with IAPP. Our results suggest a possible protective role for LL‐37 in T2D pathogenesis and offer a molecular basis for the design of LL‐37‐derived peptides that combine antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and T2D‐related anti‐amyloid functions as promising candidates for multifunctional drugs.
Pd/Cu‐free Heck and Sonogashira coupling reactions applying cobalt nanoparticles supported on multifunctional porous organic hybrid
Authors: Hajipour Abdol R. , Khorsandi Zahra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA new heterogeneous cobalt catalyst has been synthesized by immobilizing Co species onto a nitrogen‐rich porous organic polymer (Co@imine‐POP). The heterogeneous catalyst synthesized was efficient in Heck and Sonogashira cross‐coupling reactions in green media under mild reaction conditions without inert air and phase transfer agents. This phosphine‐, copper‐, and palladium‐free catalyst was stable under the reaction conditions and could be reused for at least eight successive runs without a discernible decrease in its catalytic activity.
Advances in the Management of Perioperative Patients' Thirst
Authors: Nascimento Leonel Alves do , Garcia Aline Korki Arrabal , Conchon Marilia Ferrari , Aroni Patrícia , Pierotti Isadora , Martins Pamela Rafaela , Nakaya Thammy Gonçalves , Fonseca Lígia Fahl 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIn response to an increase in osmolarity or a decrease in plasma volume, surgical patients often experience thirst during the perioperative period. Thirst causes intense discomfort for patients, but perioperative nurses and health care providers have received minimal direction on how to address this concern. This article presents evidence related to the advances in the management of patients’ thirst and discusses clinical strategies that perioperative personnel can safely implement for their patients during the preoperative and postoperative periods. The Thirst Study and Research Group at Londrina State University, Brazil, developed the Thirst Management Model to provide a standardized method for perioperative personnel. Four pillars comprise this model: identification of thirst, measurement of thirst, safety assessment for the management of thirst, and application of relief strategies. This evidence‐based model should assist perioperative nurses with translating knowledge and scientific evidence into clinical practice to provide safe patient care.
Patients' Perspectives on Relatives in the Perioperative Setting: A Danish Study
Authors: Nors Tine Bjerring , Sestoft Bodil , Dreyer Pia 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTSurgical patients may have doubts about bringing relatives into the perioperative setting because they are unfamiliar with the environment and rules. This study aims to investigate patients’ experiences with relatives’ participation in this context. We conducted 15 semistructured interviews with surgical patients and analyzed data according to Kvale and Brinkmann's meaning condensation. We found that patients believe they do not have tailored information to prepare themselves and their relatives for surgery. They believe that their individual information is not transferred between health care workers, making them feel unsafe and confused; that control reduces anxiety; and that cooperation among everyone involved in their care creates coherence. We concluded that a collaborative trialogue involving the patient, relatives, and health care workers may benefit all involved. In cooperation, patients can make individual choices about their care, relatives can understand their role and opportunities, and health care workers can tailor the care they provide.
Enhanced sound insulation properties of microporous PMMA foams by constructing novel multilayered and directional cell structure (MDCS)
Authors: Zhou Danfeng , Xiong Yuanlu , Yuan Huan , Shen Qiang , Luo Guoqiang , Guo Wei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe main purpose of this study is to improve the performance of soundproofing materials through structure design without any functional phases. The sound insulation properties of PMMA microporous foams with multilayered and directional cell structure (MDCS) were investigated. The influence of the MDCS on sound transmission loss was discussed in detail. In addition, the mechanism for improving the sound transmission loss of the multilayered foams was discussed. The results show that the sound transmission loss value of the multilayered foams is up to 29.70 dB, which is 29.5% higher than that of the single‐layer foams. It is due to the MDCS, which reduces the cell size of the foams, leading to increase the reflection and scattering of sound waves in pores. Meanwhile, the MDCS accompanied by multilayer interfaces increases the multiple reflection of sound waves at the interfaces. Besides, the smaller cell size and higher cell density strengthen the stiffness of the foams, which promotes the sound insulation properties. This study presents a novel and convenient method to design modern sound insulation materials.
Bayesian latent class models for capture–recapture in the presence of missing data
Authors: Di Cecco Davide , Di Zio Marco , Liseo Brunero 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe propose a method for estimating the size of a population in a multiple record system in the presence of missing data. The method is based on a latent class model where the parameters and the latent structure are estimated using a Gibbs sampler. The proposed approach is illustrated through the analysis of a data set already known in the literature, which consists of five registrations of neural tube defects.
Do hemodynamics matter in the treatment of patients with submassive pulmonary emboli?
Authors: Kern Morton J. , Seto Arnold H. 
Published: January 2020

Key Points
The present article examines the right heart (RH) pressures of patients with submassive pulmonary embolism before and after catheter‐directed thrombolysis (CDT).
40% of patients had a low cardiac output (CI ≤1.8 L/min/m2) despite normally preserved blood pressure. After thrombolysis, CI increased and pulmonary artery pressures decreased.
Although routine RH pressure measurements may help in CDT management and possibly serve as a surrogate outcome measure, more comprehensive pulmonary embolism trials are needed to solidify the role of hemodynamics in this setting.
A scalable synthesis of (+)‐coronafacic acid
Authors: Kato Nobuki , Miyagawa Saki , Nomoto Haruna , Nakayama Misuzu , Iwashita Makoto , Ueda Minoru 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA facile, efficient, and scalable synthesis of optically pure coronafacic acid by resolution of racemic coronafacic acid obtained using an improved version of Watson's method has been developed. By optimizing the boron‐mediated aldol reaction of Watson, we were able to prepare 2.1 g of racemic coronafacic acid. This was coupled with (S)‐4‐isopropyl‐2‐oxazolidinone to give a mixture of diastereomeric coronafacyl oxazolidinones, which were readily separable by silica‐gel column chromatography to give 630 mg of optically pure (+)‐coronafacic acid.
Carbon nanotube/ZnO nanowire/polyvinylidene fluoride hybrid nanocomposites for enhanced electromagnetic interference shielding
Authors: Shayesteh Zeraati Ali , Sundararaj Uttandaraman 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLightweight and flexible materials with high conductivity and low thickness are highly desirable for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications. Developing hybrid nanostructured materials, which combine the properties of their constituents, is an excellent strategy to create highly effective EMI shields. In this study, we report a hybrid polymer nanocomposite composed of carbon nanotube (CNT) and ZnO nanowire (ZnONW) for EMI shielding applications. We found that the combination of a conductive filler (CNT) and a dielectric filler (ZnONW) with a similar geometry is an effective method to fabricate nanocomposites with enhanced EMI shielding. We achieved high average shielding effectiveness of 27.3 dB (with a maximum of 41 dB at 10.2 GHz) for a sample of CNT:ZnONW (5.0:2.5 wt%) with only 1.1 mm thickness, which is among the best‐reported values in the literature for polymer nanocomposites with similar filler loading and thickness. This performance originates from the excellent electrical conductivity and dielectric properties of hybrid nanocomposites, combined with the geometry of ZnO nanowire. A comparison of the shielding properties of the developed hybrid nanocomposites with the literature implies that they are promising functional materials in the world of EMI shielding applications.
Diabetes care management patterns before and after a cancer diagnosis: A SEER‐Medicare matched cohort study
Authors: Pinheiro Laura C. , Soroka Orysya , Kern Lisa M. , Leonard John P. , Safford Monika M. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundDiabetes places patients with cancer at an increased risk of infections, hospitalizations, and mortality. The objective of the current study was to characterize diabetes care management patterns among patients with cancer in the year before and, separately, after cancer diagnosis. The authors hypothesized that diabetes care declines after a diagnosis of cancer.MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry linked to Medicare claims data was used. The authors included diabetic beneficiaries aged ≥65 years who were diagnosed with incident, nonmetastatic breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer between 2008 and 2013. Controls were diabetic Medicare beneficiaries in SEER regions who did not have cancer. Cases were matched to controls based on age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and diabetes severity. Primary outcomes were diabetes care received over 12 months: 1) hemoglobin A1c testing; 2) eye examination; and 3) low‐density lipoprotein testing. Using a difference‐in‐difference (DID) approach, the authors examined use differences 12 months before to after diagnosis for patients with cancer and controls. To avoid capturing testing related to diagnosis and not diabetes management, the authors implemented a 90‐day washout period (45 days before and/or after diagnosis).ResultsA total of 32,728 diabetic patients with cancer and 32,728 matched noncancer controls were included. After diagnosis, patients with cancer were found to have modest, but significantly lower, rates of diabetes care use compared with controls. Patients with cancer had greater declines in hemoglobin A1c testing (DID, 2.4%; 95% CI, 1.7%‐3.0%), low‐density lipoprotein testing (DID, 4.3%; 95% CI, 3.6%‐5.0%), and receipt of all diabetes indicators (DID, 2.7%; 95% CI, 1.8%‐3.5%) 12 months before to after diagnosis.ConclusionsCompared with controls, less diabetes care use was observed among patients with cancer in the year after diagnosis. Understanding and addressing the reasons for this may improve outcomes in this population.
Characterization of RNA‐binding motif 3 (RBM3) protein levels and nuclear architecture changes in aggressive and recurrent prostate cancer
Authors: Carleton Neil M. , Zhu Guangjing , Miller M. Craig , Davis Christine , Kulkarni Prakash , Veltri Robert W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe RNA‐binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) has been shown to be upregulated in several types of cancer, including prostate cancer (PCa), compared with normal tissues. Increased RBM3 nuclear expression has been linked to improved clinical outcomes.AimsGiven that RBM3 has been hypothesized to play a role in critical nuclear functions such as chromatin remodeling, DNA damage response, and other posttranscriptional processes, we sought to (a) quantify RBM3 protein levels in archival PCa samples and (b) develop a nuclear morphometric model to determine if measures of RBM3 protein levels and nuclear features could be used to predict disease aggressiveness and biochemical recurrence.Methods and resultsThis study utilized two tissue microarrays (TMAs) stained for RBM3 that included 80 total cases of PCa stratified by Gleason score. A software‐mediated image processing algorithm identified RBM3‐positive cancerous nuclei in the TMA samples and calculated 22 features quantifying RBM3 expression and nuclear architecture. Multivariate logistic regression (MLR) modeling was performed to determine if RBM3 levels and nuclear structural changes could predict PCa aggressiveness and biochemical recurrence (BCR). Leave‐one‐out cross validation (LOOCV) was used to provide insight on how the predictive capabilities of the feature set might behave with respect to an independent patient cohort to address issues such as model overfitting. RBM3 expression was found to be significantly downregulated in highly aggressive GS ≥8 PCa samples compared with other Gleason scores (P < .0001) and significantly downregulated in recurrent PCa samples compared with nonrecurrent samples (P = .0377). An 11‐feature nuclear morphometric MLR model accurately identified aggressive PCa, yielding a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC‐AUC) of 0.90 (P < .0001) in the raw data set and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.83‐0.97) for LOOCV testing. The same 11‐feature model was then used to predict recurrence, yielding an ROC‐AUC of 0.92 (P = .0004) in the raw data set and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.64‐0.87) for LOOCV testing.ConclusionsThe RBM3 biomarker alone is a strong prognostic marker for the prediction of aggressive PCa and biochemical recurrence. Further, RBM3 appears to be downregulated in aggressive and recurrent tumors.
Tuning Light‐Driven Water Oxidation Efficiency of Molybdenum‐Doped BiVO4 by Means of Multicomposite Catalysts Containing Nickel, Iron, and Chromium Oxides
Authors: Krysiak Olga A. , Junqueira João R. C. , Conzuelo Felipe , Bobrowski Tim , Wilde Patrick , Wysmolek Andrzej , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMo‐doped BiVO4 has emerged as a promising material for photoelectrodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting, however, still shows a limited efficiency for light‐driven water oxidation. We present the influence of an oxygen‐evolution catalyst composed of Ni, Fe, and Cr oxides on the activity of Mo:BiVO4 photoanodes. The photoanodes are prepared by spray‐coating, enabling compositional and thickness gradients of the incorporated catalyst. Two different configurations are evaluated, namely with the catalyst embedded into the Mo:BiVO4 film or deposited on top of it. Both configurations provide a significantly different impact on the photoelectrocatalytic efficiency. Structural characterisation of the materials by means of SEM, TEM and XRD as well as the photoelectrocatalytic activity investigated by means of an optical scanning droplet cell and in situ detection of oxygen using scanning photoelectrochemical microscopy are presented.
Canopy structure of mixed kikuyugrass–tall fescue pastures in response to grazing management
Authors: Miqueloto Tiago , Winter Fábio Luís , Bernardon Angela , Cavalcanti Hactus Souto , de Medeiros Neto Cauby , Martins Clóvis David Medeiros , Sbrissia André Fischer 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTThe effects of different management strategies on improving growth and modifying the botanical composition of C3 and C4 perennial grasses grown in a mixed canopy are underexplored. We aimed to evaluate the botanical composition and vegetation dynamics of a mixed canopy containing kikuyugrass (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. Ex Chiov) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber cv. Rizomat) subjected to four grazing management strategies over 22 mo. The experimental design was a randomized complete block in a factorial arrangement (two maintenance canopy heights: grazed to 7 cm in the autumn, or uninterrupted and maintained at 12 or 17 cm) with three replicates. The plots were sampled every month throughout the experimental period; the forage mass data were used to determine the botanical composition and leaf area index of the canopy. Although autumn grazing to 7‐cm height promoted an increase in pasture leaf proportion, it did not represent an effective augment in pasture leaf mass in the following winter–spring season. Canopies heights managed at 17 cm presented a greater proportion of tall fescue in herbage mass (81%) compared with those maintained at 12 cm (73%). Severe defoliation in the autumn delayed the regrowth to 12‐ or 17‐cm canopy heights by approximately 90–120 d in both evaluation years. From a farm‐level perspective, this result would restrict the recommendation of this grazing management strategy because this time lapse would demand that the pastures not be grazed for the 25–33% period of the year compared with the pastures that were not grazed in the autumn.