bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome assessment by central adjudicators in randomised stroke trials: Simulation of differential and non-differential misclassification
Authors: Godolphin Peter J , Bath Philip M , Partlett Christopher , Berge Eivind , Brown Martin M , Eliasziw Misha , Sandset Per Morten , Serena Joaquín , Montgomery Alan A 
Published: February 2020

Introduction Adjudication of the primary outcome in randomised trials is thought to control misclassification. We investigated the amount of misclassification needed before adjudication changed the primary trial results. Patients (or materials) and methods: We included data from five randomised stroke trials. Differential misclassification was introduced for each primary outcome until the estimated treatment effect was altered. This was simulated 1000 times. We calculated the between-simulation mean proportion of participants that needed to be differentially misclassified to alter the treatment effect. In addition, we simulated hypothetical trials with a binary outcome and varying sample size (1000–10,000), overall event rate (10%–50%) and treatment effect (0.67–0.90). We introduced non-differential misclassification until the treatment effect was non-significant at 5% level. Results For the five trials, the range of unweighted kappa values were reduced from 0.89–0.97 to 0.65–0.85 before the treatment effect was altered. This corresponded to 2.1%–6% of participants misclassified differentially for trials with a binary outcome. For the hypothetical trials, those with a larger sample size, stronger treatment effect and overall event rate closer to 50% needed a higher proportion of events non-differentially misclassified before the treatment effect became non-significant. Discussion: We found that only a small amount of differential misclassification was required before adjudication altered the primary trial results, whereas a considerable proportion of participants needed to be misclassified non-differentially before adjudication changed trial conclusions. Given that differential misclassification should not occur in trials with sufficient blinding, these results suggest that central adjudication is of most use in studies with unblinded outcome assessment. Conclusion: For trials without adequate blinding, central adjudication is vital to control for differential misclassification. However, for large blinded trials, adjudication is of less importance and may not be necessary.
An Ayurvedic herbal extract inhibits oral epithelial cell IL-8 responses to host and bacterial agonists
Authors: Chang Ana M. , Bamashmous Shatha , Darveau Richard P. , Rajapakse Sunethra 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Natural products constitute a promising class of therapeutics for the treatment of gingivitis and periodontitis as well as the maintenance of oral health. However, the limited understanding behind their potential mechanisms and modes of action have hampered their incorporation into popular western therapeutics. This in vitro study characterizes an Ayurvedic herbal extract mixture, which has been clinically shown to promote gingival health and homeostasis.

Methods
Telomerase immortalized gingival keratinocytes (TIGK) were infected with either Fusobacterium nucleatum cell wall, live F. nucleatum, IL-1β or TNF-α for 4 hours with and without the herbal extract. The immunomodulatory effects of the extract on host IL-8 production was measured by ELISA.

Results
It was found that the Ayurvedic herbal extract mixture inhibited gingival epithelial cell IL-8 expression in response to both bacterial and host cytokine agonists. The herbal extract inhibited IL-8 stimulated by F. nucleatum cell wall, live F. nucleatum, IL-1β, and TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner that was not a result of host cell death. Furthermore, the extract showed significantly different ID50 doses demonstrating the differential ability to modulate both stimulated and basal IL-8 levels.

Conclusions
In vitro investigation of this herbal extract mixture revealed that it has the ability to modulate gingival epithelial cell IL-8 expression in response to stimulation by bacterial components and host pro-inflammatory signals. This data demonstrates that the reduction in the gingival epithelial cell IL-8 response may in part be responsible for the previously reported ability of the Ayurvedic herbal extract mixture to reduce gingivitis in two separate human clinical studies.
Cooperation program for volunteer medical students for training in pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation and accident prevention in Honduras
Authors: Garreta Helena , Gutiérrez César , Greciano Paula , Riber Claudia , Urbano Javier , López-Herce Jesús 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objectives
To analyze a training program in accident prevention and care and Pediatric Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation taught by medical students.

Results
Medical students were trained as instructors. Four courses of were launched in Honduras, and the results were analyzed through a theoretical and practical evaluation and an anonymous survey. The volunteer experience for the students and the benefits to the population were positively valued. 37 students received the training. The score in the initial theoretical evaluation was 5.9 of 17 and in the final 10.5, p < 0.001. 89.1% and 91.9% of the students achieved adequate practical learning in basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for children and infants respectively. The course was rated excellently by the students. We conclude that a training program in accident prevention and care and Pediatric Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation taught by medical students could be useful in a cooperation health program.
A novel miR-0308-3p revealed by miRNA-seq of HBV-positive hepatocellular carcinoma suppresses cell proliferation and promotes G1/S arrest by targeting double CDK6/Cyclin D1 genes
Authors: Dai Xiaoming , Huang Ruixue , Hu Sai , Zhou Yao , Sun Xiaoya , Gui Pucheng , Yu Zijian , Zhou Pingkun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Persistent infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) accounts for the majority of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the molecular mechanisms underlying liver carcinogenesis are still not completely understood. Increasing evidence demonstrates that microRNAs (miRNAs) play significant functional roles in virus–host interactions. The aim of this study was to explore differentially expressed miRNA profiles and investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-0308-3p in HBV-positive HCC carcinogenesis.

Methods
High-throughput sequencing was used to detect novel miRNAs in three samples of HBV-positive HCC tissue compared to matched HBV-negative HCC tissue. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to mine miRNAs related to HBV-positive HCC. Bioinformatics analyses were conducted to predict the miRNAs’ possible biological and pathway regulatory functions. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was then applied to evaluate the expression levels of randomly selected miRNAs. CCK-8 was used to measure cell proliferation and cell cycles were analyzed using flow cytometry. A dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to confirm the downstream targets of miR-0308-3p.

Results
In total, there were 34 overlapping miRNAs in both our miRNA-seq data and the TCGA database. We found two overlapping miRNAs in both the HBV-positive HCC samples and the TCGA database, and 205 novel pre-miRNA sequences were predicted. miR-522 and miR-523 were markedly overexpressed in HBV-positive HCC and were associated with a significantly poorer long-term prognosis (miR-522, HR 2.19, 95% CI 1.33–3.6, p = 0.0015; miR-523HR 1.5, 95% CI 1–2.44, p = 0.0047). Of note, we found that the novel miR-0308-3p was markedly downregulated in HBV-positive HCC samples and HCC cancer cell lines compared with HBV-negative HCC samples and adjacent normal hepatic tissue. Moreover, elevated expression of miR-0308-3p was found to inhibit proliferation of cancer cells by promoting G1/S cell cycle arrest but did not influence the apoptosis of cancer cells. A dual luciferase reporter activity assay identified that miR-0308-3p acted directly on the target sequence of the CDK6 and Cyclin D1 mRNA 3ʹUTR to suppress CDK6 and Cyclin D1 expression.

Conclusions
MiR-0308-3p upregulation dramatically suppressed HCC cell proliferation and induced G1/S cell cycle arrest by directly targeting CDK6/Cyclin D1. These findings reveal a novel molecular mechanism for activation of G1/S arrest in HCC and may prove clinically useful for developing new therapeutic targets.
Prevalence and molecular characterizations of Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization among patients in pediatric intensive care units in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Yu-Hsin , Huang Kuan-Ying A. , Huang Yi-Chuan , Chi Hsin , Lu Chun-Yi , Chang Luan-Yin , Ho Yu-Huai , Chi Chia-Yu , Liu Ching-Chuan , Huang Li-Min , Yang Tien Yu Owen , Huang Yhu-Chering 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Nasal colonization of Staphylococcus aureus is a risk factor for the pathogen transmission and the development of infections. Limited information is available on the prevalence and molecular characteristics of S. aureus colonization in pediatric intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Methods
A cross-sectional, island-wide study was conducted in 2011. Nasal swabs were collected from pediatric ICU patients at six tertiary hospitals in Taiwan.

Results
Of 114 patients enrolled in total, nasal colonization of S. arueus was detected in 30 (26.3%) of them, among whom 20 (17.5%) with methicillin-resistant S. arueus (MRSA). The ST59/SCCmec IV and V clones were most common and accounted for 45% of MRSA isolates, followed by ST239/SCCmec III (25%) and ST45/SCCmec IV (20%) clones. Three ST59 MRSA isolates carried the Panton-Valentine Leukocidin genes.

Conclusions
The results indicated a high prevalence of S. arueus and MRSA nasal colonization among pediatric ICU patients in Taiwan. Identification of epidemic clones warrants the implement of infection control measures to reduce colonization and prevent the dissemination of MRSA in hospitals.
Accuracy of 3D-planned patient specific instrumentation in high tibial open wedge valgisation osteotomy
Authors: Fucentese Sandro F. , Meier Patrick , Jud Lukas , Köchli Gian-Luca , Aichmair Alexander , Vlachopoulos Lazaros , Fürnstahl Philipp 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is an effective treatment option in early osteoarthritis. However, preoperative planning and surgical execution can be challenging. Computer assisted three-dimensional (3D) planning and patient-specific instruments (PSI) might be helpful tools in achieving successful outcomes. Goal of this study was to assess the accuracy of HTO using PSI.

Methods
All medial open wedge PSI-HTO between 2014 and 2016 were reviewed. Using pre- and postoperative radiographs, hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA) and posterior tibial slope (PTS) were determined two-dimensionally (2D) to calculate 2D accuracy. Using postoperative CT-data, 3D surface models of the tibias were reconstructed and superimposed with the planning to calculate 3D accuracy.

Results
Twenty-three patients could be included. A mean correction of HKA of 9.7° ± 2.6° was planned. Postoperative assessment of HKA correction showed a mean correction of 8.9° ± 3.2°, resulting in a 2D accuracy for HKA correction of 0.8° ± 1.5°. The postoperative PTS changed by 1.7° ± 2.2°. 3D accuracy showed average 3D rotational differences of − 0.1° ± 2.3° in coronal plane, − 0.2° ± 2.3° in transversal plane, and 1.3° ± 2.1° in sagittal plane, whereby 3D translational differences were calculated as 0.1 mm ± 1.3 mm in coronal plane, − 0.1 ± 0.6 mm in transversal plane, and − 0.1 ± 0.6 mm in sagittal plane.

Conclusion
The use of PSI in HTO results in accurate correction of mechanical leg axis. In contrast to the known problem of unintended PTS changes in conventional HTO, just slight changes of PTS could be observed using PSI. The use of PSI in HTO might be preferable to obtain desired correction of HKA and to maintain PTS.
Microstructural evolution of tantalum nitride thin films synthesized by inductively coupled plasma sputtering
Authors: Baik Sung-Il , Kim Young-Woon 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTantalum nitride (TaNx) thin films were grown utilizing an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) assisted direct current (DC) sputtering, and 20–100% improved microhardness values were obtained. The detailed microstructural changes of the TaNx films were characterized utilizing transmission electron microscopy (TEM), as a function of nitrogen gas fraction and ICP power. As nitrogen gas fraction increases from 0.05 to 0.15, the TaNx phase evolves from body-centered-cubic (b.c.c.) TaN0.1, to face-centered-cubic (f.c.c.) δ-TaN, to hexagonal-close-packing (h.c.p.) ε-TaN phase. By increasing ICP power from 100 W to 400 W, the f.c.c. δ- TaN phase becomes the main phase in all nitrogen fractions investigated. The higher ICP power enhances the mobility of Ta and N ions, which stabilizes the δ-TaN phase like a high-temperature regime and removes the micro-voids between the columnar grains in the TaNx film. The dense δ-TaN structure with reduced columnar grains and micro-voids increases the strength of the TaNx film.
Ascitic calprotectin as a useful marker in the diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in adults
Authors: Abdel Rahman Eman M , Attia Fatma A , Alsebaey Ayman , Elkady Mohammad Abdel Khalik , Sayed Maha Mohammed , Reda Awad Alaa , El-Seidi Eman Ahmed 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Ascitic fluid polymorphonuclear leucocyte count (PMN) is known to be the gold standard for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) diagnosis. The aim of this work was to assess ascitic calprotectin for SBP diagnosis. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), nitrous oxide, ascitic PMN, ascitic leucocyte esterase and ascitic calprotectin were measured.

Results
The average age of our patients was 55.25 ± 7.89 years, mostly males (n = 51, 63.8%), anti-HCV antibodies were positive in (n = 61, 76.3%). Sixty-four patients (80%) were Child-Pugh C and their average MELD was 24.29 ± 8.06. Patients with SBP had statistically significant higher median MELD score (26.5 vs. 19) and higher average Child-Pugh score (12.18 ± 1.74 vs. 10.5 ± 1.97). Forty patients had SBP and 40 patients were without SBP. Both the serum and ascitic nitrous oxide did not differ statistically between patients with and without SBP. In contrast, patients with SBP had higher median serum CRP (49 vs. 12 mg/dL), hsCRP (58,000 vs. 23,750 ng/dL) and ascitic calprotectin (7.57 vs. 1.1 ng/mL). The ascitic leucocyte esterase test was positive in 95% of SBP patients in contrast to 2.5% patients without SBP. Ascitic calprotectin >2 ng/mL had 90% sensitivity, 92.5% specificity, 92.3% positive predictive value and 90.2% negative predictive value. MELD, CRP, hsCRP and ascitic calprotectin are independent predictors of SBP.

Conclusion
Ascitic calprotectin is a useful marker for SBP diagnosis.
Technology and Social Inclusion: Technology Training and Usage by Youth With IDD in the National Longitudinal Transition Study of 2012
Authors: Fisher Kim W. , Williamson Heather , Guerra Nichole 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Technology use is a key form of social inclusion and a means to engage in community participation. People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) experience a digital divide with less technology access as compared to their peers. We used data from the National Longitudinal Transition Study of 2012 to study technology use and access to instruction among adolescents with IDD compared to adolescents with other disabilities and adolescents without disabilities. Results indicate adolescents with IDD use technology less, receive less technology training, and engage in fewer social inclusion opportunities than their peers. Implications for future research, policy, and practice are provided, including promoting digital citizenship training during transition planning and the use of social capital theory.
Einsatz von Chatbots am digitalen Büroarbeitsplatz – Eine praxisorientierte Betrachtung von Einsatzbereichen, Wirkungen und Handlungsempfehlungen
Authors: Meyer von Wolff Raphael , Hobert Sebastian , Schumann Matthias 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungChatbots werden heutzutage vermehrt im Unternehmen eingesetzt. Vor allem in Supportbereichen finden sich diese auf künstlicher Intelligenz und Sprachverarbeitung basierenden Technologien als Alternative für bisherige First-Level Kanäle. Dabei helfen Chatbots bei der Beantwortung von Kunden- und Mitarbeiterfragen und führen bereits erste kleine Aufgaben durch. Der Einsatz dieser Technologie am Büroarbeitsplatz zur Unterstützung der einzelnen Mitarbeiter ist jedoch noch kaum untersucht. Basierend auf einer empirischen Interviewstudie mit 29 Praxisvertretern aus 27 Unternehmen verschiedener Branchen soll dieses der folgende Beitrag untersuchen.Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Chatbots sowohl abteilungsintern als auch abteilungsübergreifend für Aufgaben der Informationsbereitstellung sowie Prozessausführung eingesetzt werden können. Die Unternehmen beabsichtigen dabei verschiedene Wirkungen, um schlussendlich die Qualität am Arbeitsplatz zu steigern, Produktivität und Effizienz zu erhöhen, Kosten einzusparen oder das Image zu verbessern. Zusätzlich konnten sowohl technische als auch organisatorische Maßnahmen abgeleitet werden, die für einen erfolgreichen Chatboteinsatz berücksichtigt werden sollten. Der Beitrag liefert somit einen Leitfaden für zukünftige oder aktuelle Chatbotprojekte, sowohl für die Wissenschaft als auch für die Praxis.
Developing and publishing interdisciplinary research: Creating dialogue, taking risks
Authors: Lugosi Peter 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This article discusses the practicalities of developing interdisciplinary research, identifying associated risks, challenges and opportunities. It reflects on the role of common concepts and contexts for creating intellectual contact zones between disciplinary specialists and colleagues working in applied areas of hospitality and tourism. The article goes on to identify and evaluate different knowledge creation and publication strategies for interdisciplinary research, distinguishing between four types: provocative importation, conservative refinement, provocative exportation and radical pathmaking.
Uśpiony temat. O (nie)obecności problemu Marca 1968 roku w kinie dokumentalnym okresu PRL
Authors: Pietrzak Maciej 
Published: February 2020

Pietrzak Maciej, Uśpiony temat. O (nie)obecności problemu Marca 1968 roku w kinie dokumentalnym okresu PRL [Dormant topic. About the absence of the events of March 1968 in Polish documentary films before 1989]. „Images” vol. XXVI, no 35. Poznań 2019. Adam MickiewiczUniversity Press. Pp. 63–75. ISSN 1731-450X. DOI 10.14746/i.2019.35.03.
The vast majority of documentary films relevant to the events of March ‘68 and its consequences were created after 1989, when the abolition of censorship and the opening of previously hidden archives allowed Polish filmmakers to explore previously prohibited topics. The article focuses on the earlier period, and its main objective is to find echos of this political crisis in documentary films created before the collapse of the communist regime in Poland.
Utilization of antenatal services among mothers and its impact on birth weight: a community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Reddy P. Narmada , Das Sangeeta , Karmee Nivedita , Satapathy Durga Madhab , Bhoi Jugal Kishor 
Published: February 2020

Background: Safe motherhood initiatives was a worldwide effort launched by WHO in 1987 with an aim to reduce the number of deaths of women associated with pregnancy and childbirth. Appropriate antenatal care (ANC) is one of the pillars of this initiative and an important component of reproductive and child health. The present study was conducted to assess the utilization of antenatal care services, its contributing factors and its impact on birth weight of new-born.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 3 months at Ankuli, field practice area of urban health training centre, Department of Community Medicine. A total of 138 mothers (delivered within 2 years) were included by cluster sampling. Women who were sick and did not give consent were excluded from the study. A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection and analysed in SPSS version 16. Chi-square test and bivariate logistic regression was applied at p value <0.05.Results: About 55.07% of mothers were in 25-34 years of age group, 47.82% had studied secondary education and 36.23% mothers belonged to lower middle-class socioeconomic status (SES). About 60.87% of mothers had availed antenatal services completely. Education of the participant and her husband, SES and family type were significant contributors of ANC service utilization. There was a significant association between complete ANC utilization and birth weight of the baby (p<0.05).Conclusions: The utilisation of the antenatal services was low among the mothers in our study which can be increased by proper IEC activities.
Role of Tau Protein in Alzheimer Disease and its Inhibitors from Plants
Authors: Dr. Aitazaz Ahsan  , Dr. Humaira Zafar  , Misha Waheed  
Published: February 2020

Alzheimer is a common neurodegenerative disease that affects 45 million people worldwide. Pathogenesis usually begins with formation of plaques and neurofibrillary tangles due to abnormal folding of amyloid beta and tau proteins. Tau proteins are important member of microtubule associated proteins and involved in constitution of microtubules network in neurons which play major role in progression of Alzheimer disease. Hyper phosphorylation and aggregation of Tau protein on chromosome 17 may be the sign of several neurodegenerative pathologies like Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinsonism, fronto-temporal dementia and Pick disease. The complete cure of AD is not possible be with already marketed drugs. From this review article it is concluded that Tau protein is an important biomarker of Alzheimer disease. Usage of extracts from various plants i.e Danggui Longhui Wang, Hymenialdisine, Morin, Salvia officinalis, Ginseng, helps in effective treatment of disease and hence a step forward to reduce the prevalence of Alzheimer disease.