bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinematic Rupture and 3D Wave Propagation Simulations of the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquake
Authors: Hirakawa Evan , Barbour Andrew J. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTWe model the kinematic rupture process of the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake using numerical simulations to reproduce the elastodynamic wave field observed by inertial seismometers, high-rate Global Navigation Satellite System stations, and borehole strainmeters. This was the largest earthquake in Southern California in 20 yr and was widely felt throughout the region. The Mw 7.1 mainshock was part of a large sequence of ∼30,000 aftershocks and was notably preceded by an Mw 6.4 foreshock by 34 hr on fault structures that were once poorly understood. A large number of seismic and geodetic instruments measured the rupture process for both events, with many stations located in the near field. Hence, this is a rare opportunity to better understand complex earthquake processes that arise in an immature fault zone using advanced computing. Of the kinematic rupture models that we tested, our preferred is the simplest one that reproduces signals recorded by the three different geophysical datasets; it is composed of four distinct ruptures that progressively migrate to the southeast with delayed initiation times, and typical rupture speeds. This type of model does a better job at matching the recorded ground motions and deformations than does one composed of a continuous rupture with very low-rupture velocity, as proposed in other studies of this earthquake.
Near-Field Ground Motions and Shaking from the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, Mainshock: Insights from Instrumental, Macroseismic Intensity, and Remote-Sensing Data
Authors: Hough Susan E. , Yun Sang-Ho , Jung Jungkyo , Thompson Eric , Parker Grace A. , Stephenson Oliver 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTShaking from the 6 July 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, mainshock was strongly felt through southern California, but generated relatively minimal structural damage in Ridgecrest. We consider the extent to which a damage proxy map (DPM) generated from satellite-based Synthetic Aperture Radar images can detect minor damage throughout the town of Ridgecrest. The DPM does not, as expected, detect all minor structural damage to individual structures, nor can it distinguish between structural damage and earthquake-related movement that is not consequential. However, the DPM does confirm many instances of minor structural damage to larger structures and groups of smaller structures and in some instances suggests minor structural damage that is not apparent upon visual inspection. Although ambiguous identification of minor damage may not be useful to guide earthquake response, the identification of minor, possibly hidden damage is potentially useful for other purposes. Overall, the DPM confirms that structural damage was commensurate with modified Mercalli intensity no higher than 7 throughout Ridgecrest. We consider both instrumental and intensity data to explore further the distribution of near-field ground motions over the frequency range of engineering concern. Peak ground accelerations and peak ground velocities estimated from “Did You Feel It?” intensity data using the Worden et al. (2012) ground-motion intensity conversion equation (GMICE) are consistent with recorded instrumental data. Both instrumental and estimated mainshock peak accelerations are further consistent with predictions from both the Boore et al. (2014) ground-motion prediction equation (GMPE), but lower than predicted by the Atkinson and Wald (2007) and Atkinson et al. (2014) intensity prediction equations (IPEs). A GMPE such as Boore et al. (2014), which is constrained by a large global dataset, together with a well-constrained GMICE, may thus characterize expected shaking intensities for large earthquakes better than an IPE based on more limited intensity data.
Strategies for the prevention of malaria in pregnancy in Indonesia in the COVID-19 pandemic era
Authors: Prawira-Putra Andre , Lukito Theda , Ahmed Rukhsana 
Published: June 2020

Malaria is one of the oldest infectious disease that continues to affect annually more than 200 million people globally. Pregnant women are the second most vulnerable group to malaria, besides children. A pregnant woman with malaria risks detrimental harm to herself and to her child resulting in adverse pregnancy outcomes. These adverse outcomes contribute to maternal, neonatal and infant morbidity and mortality. It is essential to protect pregnant women from malaria to improve the public health burden in malaria endemic countries.
Efficacy of lid wipes in reducing the incidence of post cataract surgery meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)
Authors: Bhargav Sonia , Arora Tarun 
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of commercially available sterile lid wipes in reducing the incidence of MGD and dry eye after cataract surgery. In this prospective clinical study 40 patients undergoing uneventful cataract surgery were included. They were divided randomly into 2 groups of 20 patients each. The control group was prescribed standard postoperative regimen consisting of topical steroid, antibiotic and NSAID. The study group was prescribed in addition to the above topical regimen, sterile lid wipes for cleaning of lid margin and lashes. The signs and symptoms of all patients were assessed and scoring was done based on severity grading of a structured symptom based Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire, corneal staining, meibum expressibility and meibum quality at preoperative and at postoperative 3 weeks and 6 weeks. The data obtained was analysed statistically. The SPEED questionnaire, corneal staining, meibum expressibility and meibum quality mean scores worsened statistically significantly in the control group as compared to the study group (p&#60;0.001). In control group, the mean score of all the parameters were statistically significantly worsened at all follow up visits. (p&#60;0.001).Maintaining lid hygiene with lid wipes in post cataract surgery period is effective in prevention of MGD and dry eye.
Tear film changes in diabetic retinopathy: A hospital based case control study
Authors: Viswanathan Vrinda , C Shetgar Anupama , A Patil Brijesh , R Kulkarni K , D S Hamsa 
Published: June 2020

To compare the tear film changes in diabetic population with and without diabetic retinopathy.To study the association of dry eye with different gradings of diabetic retinopathy.A case control study was conducted in 112 eyes in diabetics with and without diabetic retinopathy changes. Tests for tear film changes like Schirmers, TBUT and KES was conducted and the results were compared.The mean value of Schirmer in diabetic retinopathy group was 10.84 +/- 4.785, mean value of TBUT was 7.73+/- 2.908 and that of KES was 1.34 +/- 0.745 whereas mean value of Schirmers in non DR group was 12.84+/- 2.947, that of TBUT was 10.43+/- 2.035 and that of KES was 0.73+/- 0.726. Significantly poorer Schirmers (p= 0.009), TBUT (p=0.001) and KES(p=0.001) was found in the DR group.With increasing severity of diabetic retinopathy these signs and symptoms of dry eye have found to increase thereby a significant association between dry eye and grading of DR.
Outcomes of school health programme - study at tertiary care centre
Authors: Shiekh Khushnood , Shirova Pinkal , Patel Manisha 
Published: June 2020

Refractive error is most common cause of avoidable blindness and affects large proportion of school students. It has become hurdle for educational lost which leads to long term consequences of nation’s economic loss. Hence, visual screening of children on commencement of school will help in early detection of refractive error with better life and empowerment to children in future.To identify magnitude of types of refractive errors, amblyopia and congenital anomalies in school going childrenMaterial and Methods: 350 referred students aged between 6-17 yrs attending tertiary care hospital were assessed for V/A of distance, near along with anterior and posterior segment examination to determine magnitude of refractive error and their data were analyzed by chi- square test.350 students were examined at tertiary care centre. 309(88.3%) students were having refractive error.15 (4.3%) students were detected with media and fundus abnormalities and 10(2.8%) students were amblyopic.221 students (63.1%) were Myopic (spherical equivalent of at least -0.50 D in either eye) with male predominance and 101(45.7%) students as low degree of myopia. 58(16.6%) were Hyperopic (+2.00 D or more with 32(55.2%) students falling under 5 yrs age group and 30(8.6%) students were Astigmatic (cylinder of &#62; or = 0.75 D).An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. Refractive error is serious health problem in school going children and its elimination requires integrated system from regular check up to providing spectacles and can lessen the low vision burden on society.
Ocular injuries following road traffic accidents: A hospital based case series study
Authors: M Padmaraj Jayashree , C Shetgar Anupama , L Mallkarjunaswamy Darshini , Ramanna Divya , H Venkatesh Raksha 
Published: June 2020

Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) are one of the leading causes of ocular trauma, especially in developing countries like India. Aim of the study was to assess the pattern, frequency and visual impairment due to ocular injuries following Road Traffic Accidents in patients attending tertiary care hospital. This Prospective Observational Case-series study was conducted on 63 patients who presented with history of ocular trauma following RTA to Ophthalmology OPD, HSK Hospital, Bagalkot between June 2019-Dec 2019. All the cases were subjected to detailed history taking, anterior and posterior segment examination, additional investigations whenever necessary.Ocular injuries following RTAs were found to be more common in males (77.7%) compared to females and the maximum number of victims belonged to the age group of 21-30 years (38.09%). Closed globe injuries (85.7%) outnumbered the Open globe injuries(14.3%). Majority of cases had no/slight change in visual acuity following trauma. Ocular injuries following RTAs are one of the leading causes of avoidable ocular morbidity in working class males. Though severe sight-threatening ocular injuries were less in number, they can be prevented if proper precautionary measures are followed.
A study of ocular trauma in geriatric population at a tertiary care eye hospital in South India
Authors: Sharat Soumya 
Published: June 2020

To assess the prevalence of ocular trauma and extent of visual loss in geriatric patients at a tertiary care eye hospital in South India. A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients aged above 60 years, of both genders, who presented to the ophthalmology OPD of a tertiary care eye hospital, with history of ocular trauma. The study period was of 3 months. The patients underwent a detailed interview and standardized ocular evaluation. An eye was considered blind due to trauma if best corrected visual acuity for distance was worse than 3/60 due to trauma. Patients with preexisting low vision in the affected eye were excluded in the study. Of the 50 patients included in the study, 30 patients (60%) gave a history of self-inflicted injury. 28 patients (56%) had blunt trauma to the eye, and the rest had penetrating injury. 42 patients (84%) belonged to lower socioeconomic status; 38 patients (76%) were males and the rest females. 24 patients (48%) had an acute onset of presentation (&#60;24 hours). Though majority of the trauma resulting in blindness occurs during childhood, geriatric population also needs extra care and attention due to associated co morbidities. Ocular trauma in geriatric population is being increasingly recognized as a significant public health problem worldwide.
Zanim do Lublina zawitał wielki przemysł – dzieje gospodarcze miasta w epoce międzypowstaniowej (1831-1863). Studium syntetyczne
Authors: Przegaliński Andrzej 
Published: June 2020

Niniejszy artykuł, pomyślany jako tekst dwuczęściowy, ma na celu przybliżenie czytelnikom dziejów gospodarczych Lublina w epoce dla Królestwa Polskiego szczególnej: po upadku powstania listopadowego, w okresie nasilającego się paskiewiczowskiego ucisku (1832-1856) i kilku lat odwilży poprzedzających wybuch insurekcji styczniowej. Ówczesny rozwój miasta oraz kondycja przemysłu, rzemiosła i handlu, w zestawieniu z rozkwitem Lublina w epoce postyczniowego półwiecza, były niewątpliwie skromne i niezbyt efektowne. Z tych względów rola tego okresu w dyskusjach o gospodarczych wzlotach grodu nad Bystrzycą bywa niekiedy pomniejszana. Niesłusznie. W epoce międzypowstaniowej miasto rozwijało się wprawdzie umiarkowanie dynamicznie, ale i wówczas dokonywały się przecież ważkie przekształcenia urbanistyczne, nie brakło też innowatorów oraz ciekawych, choć nie zawsze fortunnych inicjatyw przemysłowych, wartych jednak przypomnienia.
Kasata klasztoru bazylianów w Białej Podlaskiej
Authors: Wereda Dorota 
Published: June 2020

Artykuł przedstawia proces realizacji kasaty klasztoru bazylianów w Białej Podlaskiej w aspekcie prawno-formalnym z uwzględnieniem kontekstu przemian politycznych i społecznych. Opisuje losy majątku klasztornego: nieruchomości i ruchomości klasztoru, budynku cerkwi i jego wyposażenia, losy księgozbioru biblioteki klasztornej. Przedstawia postawy zakonników wobec kasat oraz ich losy po opuszczeniu Białej Podlaskiej. Kasata bialskiej placówki wpisywała się w założenia polityki rosyjskiej, prowadzącej do likwidacji Cerkwi unickiej i wygaszenia kultu bł. Jozafata Kuncewicza, którego relikwie znajdowały się w bialskiej cerkwi i były otaczane szczególną czcią przez wiernych katolików zarówno obrządku łacińskiego, jak i greckiego. Likwidacja placówki z Białej Podlaskiej na trwale zmieniła krajobraz religijny i kulturowy miasta i okolic.
Ksenofont w listach Pseudo-Ksenofonta oraz w fikcyjnych listach Sokratesa i sokratyków
Authors: Marchewka Anna 
Published: June 2020

Celem podjętej w tym artykule analizy apokryficznej korespondencji Pseudo-Ksenofonta, którą tradycja przekazała nam dwiema niezależnymi drogami – 7 ekscerptów zachowanych w Antologii Stobajosa oraz 6 całych listów, wchodzących w skład zbioru Socratis et Socraticorum epistole (ed. R. Hercher) – jest próba nakreślenia na ich podstawie powszechnie akceptowanego w dobie cesarstwa rzymskiego portretu Ksenofonta. Pseudo-Ksenofontowe listy jednoznacznie definiują twórcę Anabazy jako filozofa sokratyka, w zasadzie przemilczając jego twórczość historyczną. Dają nam świadectwo o głęboko zakorzenionej w etyce sokratejskiej jego myśli, skoncentrowanej na kalokagathii. Nieprzerwane dążenie do cnoty poprzez konsekwentne doskonalenie się nie tylko czysto etyczne, ale również w konkretnych umiejętnościach, które mają przynieść pożytek, wskazywało na kluczowe znaczenie paidei w twórczości Ksenofonta jako ucznia Sokratesa. W omawianych listach punktami odniesienia są przeważnie ἐγκράτεια, καρτερία, ἀνδρεία, εὐσέβεια, φιλανθρωπία czy wreszcie σωφροσύνη, czyli cnoty stanowiące rdzeń etyki sokratejskiej.
Analysis of Question Type Can Help Inform Chat Staffing Decisions
Authors: MacDonald Heather 
Published: June 2020

A Review of:
Meert-Williston, D., & Sandieson, R. (2019). Online Chat Reference: Question Type and the Implication for Staffing in a Large Academic Library. The Reference Librarian, 60(1), 51-61. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02763877.2018.1515688
Abstract
Objective – Determine the type of online chat questions to help inform staffing decisions for chat reference service considering their library’s service mandate.
Design – Content analysis of consortial online chat questions.
Setting – Large academic library in Canada.
Subjects – Analysis included 2,734 chat question transcripts.
Methods – The authors analyzed chat question transcripts from patrons at the institution for the period of time from September 2013 to August 2014. The authors coded transcripts by question type using a coding tool created by the authors. For transcripts that fit more than one question type, the authors chose the most prominent type.
Main Results – The authors coded the chat questions as follows: service (51%), reference (25%), citation (9%), technology (7%), and miscellaneous (8%). The majority of service questions were informational, followed by account related questions. Most of the reference chat questions were ready reference with only 16% (4% of the total number of chat questions) being in-depth. After removing miscellaneous questions, those that required a high level of expertise (in-depth reference, instructional, copyright, or citation) equaled 19%.
Conclusion – At this institution, one in five chat questions needed a high level of expertise. Library assistants with sufficient expertise could effectively answer circulation and general reference questions. With training they could triage complex questions.
Uma leitura além da margem: diálogos entre a escrita de Lima Barreto e o hip hop de Emicida nos entornos da sala de aula
Authors: Laeber Ana Paola , Carvalho Poliana Da Silva 
Published: June 2020

O presente trabalho objetiva-se em aprimorar os estudos literários a partir da escrita de Lima Barreto, escritor pré-modernista que buscou retratar os modos de vida dos subúrbios cariocas e de sua população, e de Emicida, rapper considerado como uma das maiores revelações musicais de hip hop do Brasil nos últimos anos. Ambos literatos negros, embora pertencentes a uma mesma nação – Brasil, constituíram (e constituem) por meio de suas obras um amplo painel da sociedade na qual estavam inseridos, jamais abdicando do que era a função maior da literatura: intervir nas questões de seus tempos, expondo, por meio de suas subjetividades, um discurso para aqueles que são atormentados pela intolerância social. Tendo como mote trechos da obra póstuma “Diário íntimo” de Lima Barreto e o rap “Boa Esperança” de Emicida, procuraremos entender o modo como esses dois enunciadores fizeram de suas produções literárias uma prática de intervenção nas questões urbanas e sociais em épocas distintas, na dupla dimensão de escritores e cidadãos, e como seus textos podem ser trabalhados nos entornos da sala de aula, proporcionando aos discentes momentos de reflexão crítica e sensibilização aos problemas vigentes em nossa sociedade. Palavras-chave: Lima Barreto; Emicida; Análise do Discurso; Sala de aula; Literatura.
Babel
Authors: Geraldi Silvia Maria 
Published: June 2020

A Conceição/Conception dedica o presente número a artigos e resenhas inéditos inspirados na temática Babel: Tradições, Traduções e Traições – tema-chave do II Simpósio Internacional “Repensando Mitos Contemporâneos” realizado pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Artes da Cena da Unicamp em outubro de 2017. Recorrendo à imagem mítica de Babel e suas reedições no século XXI, as publicações aqui compartilhadas tratam de refletir sobre a problemática da interculturalidade e sua incidência nas artes da cena contemporânea (dança, teatro, performance).
ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA PADA CERITA RAKYAT WANDIU-NDIU
Authors: Safiuddin Salmatian 
Published: June 2020

Tradisi lisan adalah sebuah pesan yang disampaikan secara turun- temurun dari generasi tua ke generasi muda. Pesan ini dapat berbentuk cerita rakyat, ucapan, pidato, lagu, dan lain-lain. Objek penelitian ini adalah salah satu cerita rakyat dari Pulau Buton, Sulawesi Tenggara yaitu Wandiu-ndiu. Penelitian ini memiliki dua rumusan masalah. Pertama, bagaimana kode- kode pada cerita rakyat Wandiu-ndiu. Kedua, bagaimana amanat dan fungsi sosial pada cerita rakyat Wandiu-ndiu. Adapun tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan kode, amanat dan fungsi sosial yang ditemukan dalam cerita rakyat Wandiu-ndiu. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian pustaka dengan menggunakan teori Semiotika Roland Barthes. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat lima kode, yaitu 1) kode hermeneutik, 2) kode proairetik/aksi, 3) kode semik/konotatif, 4) kode simbol, dan 5) kode budaya. Amanat yang terdapat dalam cerita rakyat Wandiudiu terdiri dari amanat tersirat dan amanat tersurat. Adapun fungsi sosial dalam cerita rakyat ini, yakni 1) fungsi kebudayaan, 2) fungsi pendidikan, dan 3) fungsi kemasyarakatan. Penelitian ini merupakan upaya pelestarian sastra lisan khususnya cerita rakyat sekaligus membantu pemerintah untuk melestarikan tradisi lisan dan dearah.
Experimental Investigation of the Impact of Electromagnetic Devices on Barium Sulphate Scaling
Authors: Singleton Michael A. , Davis Ivan R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Electromagnetic Devices (EMDs) have been used for scale management in the field. The proposed mechanism for their function is that the device imparts an electromagnetic pulse that provides sufficient energy to cause homogeneous nucleation, resulting in the formation of very small particles (5-8 microns) which pass through the production system, preventing heterogeneous nucleation and deposition. This paper summarises an experimental programme to examine the proposed mechanism of operation of the EMD under controlled laboratory conditions. Flow experiments were performed under ambient conditions using a mixed North Sea Seawater (NSSW) / Nelson Forties Formation Water (NFFW) scaling system. Experiments were performed with the EMD active and compared to baseline experiments where the EMD was inactive, to assess if the device impacted the scaling process.
A full quantitative assessment for each experiment was performed including; assessment of the mass of scale deposited and its location, full effluent analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP) and effluent sample filtration for solids content, morphology using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy / Energy Dispersive X-ray (ESEM/EDX) analysis and particle size distribution (PSD). From the experiments performed, it was found that the device impacted the scale deposition process in comparison to when it was not activated. Results indicated that although a similar amount of scale is lost from solution, less deposit was collected in the test apparatus itself. The precipitate in the effluent samples (which had passed through the apparatus) was found to have a mean particle size in the region of 10 microns, with a significant proportion of the distribution of particles below 1 micron; this was confirmed by ESEM/EDX and PSD. A further particle distribution range was identified as less than 0.22 microns. This material (10-20% of that injected) passed through the 0.22 micron filter used to collect the solid, but was accounted for when the experimental procedure was adapted.
The results from this study indicate that under the conditions used, the EMD has an impact on the scaling process resulting in homogeneous nucleation of smaller scale particles that are transported through the apparatus. This supports the mechanism reported previously and provides a greater understanding to how such devices work in the field.