bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Arbidol in Treatment of Patients with COVID-19 Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: ghaderkhani Sara , khaneshan Arezoo salami , Salami Amir , alavijeh Parvaneh ebrahimi , Kouchak Hamid Emadi , khalili Hossein , Naghi Seyed Ahmad Ali , Ahmadinejad Zahra , Rasolinejad Mehrnaz , Hajiabdolbaghi Mahboubeh , Jafari Sirous , Hasannezhad Malihe , Seifi Arash , abasian Ladan , ghiasvand fereshte , Avanaki Foroogh Alborzi , edalatifard Maryam , Rahimi Mojgan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The outbreak of 2019-novel coronavirus has led to a high demand for finding effective antiviral agents. Preliminary experiments showed that Arbidol could inhibit coronavirus replication in vivo. There is limited data on the clinical efficacy of 2019-novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia (NCP). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate this medication based on clinical and laboratory results.Methods: The present study was designed as a clinical trial to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of this medicine compared to empirical treatment. For this purpose, multi-stage sampling was considered. 56 people were selected by accidental non-random sampling method. This sample size was subsequently divided into two groups by randomized block sampling (1:1). During the study, three patients left the case group. Their clinical symptoms were examined while taking these medicines in the disease course. The SPSS software was used for data analysis and the significance level was considered to be P<0.05.Results: On the seventh day, there were statistically significant differences in dry cough(p = 0.001), weakness(p = 0.004), gastrointestinal symptoms(p = 0.043) and shortness of breath (p = 0.001) between the two groups, and the Arbidol group had a faster recovery. During the disease course, there were statistically significant differences in Myalgia(p = 0.03), gastrointestinal symptoms(p = 0.047), and weakness(p = 0.007) were significantly different between the two groups.Conclusion: Symptoms improved faster in patients with mild to moderate disease who received Arbidol in their treatment regimen. In other words, adding Arbidol to the empirical treatment accelerated the recovery process of patients’ clinical symptoms.Registration: IR.TUMS.VCR.REC.1399.204, 04.13.2020 , http://ethics.research.ac.ir/IR.TUMS.VCR.REC.1399.204
Energy Cost of Walking and Functional Aerobic Capacity During Moderate Intensity Exercise in Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Aldhahi Monira Ibrahim , Puri Shipra , Jain Vivek , Herrick Jeffrey E. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Autonomic dysregulation associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may limit cardiopulmonary responses to exercise which, in turn, may impair functional aerobic capacity (FAC) and walking economy. We aimed to characterize walking economy and FAC in OSA patients compared with healthy adults (non-OSA) and examine their relationship with OSA severity (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI]). Participants: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 26 adults (OSA: n=13; non-OSA: n=13) participated in the study. In this study, the participants with OSA were adults between the ages of 25 and 60 with a body mass index between 25 kg/m2 and 39 kg/m2 who had undergone a recent third-party sleep study with an AHI of 5 or greater. Methods: Participant completed a maximal integrated cardiopulmonary exercise test, three separate exercise bouts of a constant work rate (CWR) treadmill test at 85% of anaerobic threshold (AT), and a 10-minute walk test (10MWT). Multiple linear regression corrected for weight, age, and BMI was conducted to examine the associations. Results: There were significant differences between OSA and Non-OSA participants in VO2peak (29.7±5.6mL/kg/min vs. 37.5±6.5mL/kg/min, p=0.03) and in Net VO2 during CWR (12.7±5 vs.19±6mL/kg/min, p=0.02). The 10MWT speed, distance, and energy expenditure were significantly lower in the OSA group (all p<0.001). The AHI scores associated with 10MWT distance (R2=0.85, p<0.001), energy cost of walking (R2=87, p<0.001), VO2 at anaerobic threshold (R2=0.92, p<0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this study show that patients with OSA have reduced FAC and have a higher energy cost of walking. AHI explained 87% of the variance in the energy cost of walking during the 10MWT. The results suggest that individuals with more severe obstructive sleep apnea experience greater impairment in functional performance.
Fatal Cross-Border Plague in Zombo District, Uganda, March 2019
Authors: Gonahasa Doreen Nsiimire , Amia Winifred C , Basuta Bernadette M. , Nabatanzi Sandra , Kwesiga Benon , Bulage Lilian , Ario Alex R. , Ocom Felix , Harris Julie R. , Zhu Bao-Ping 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Plague, which is caused by Yersinia pestis, is a priority zoonotic disease targeted for elimination in Uganda. Untreated bubonic plague, resulting from a flea bite, can develop into pneumonic plague, or pneumonic plague may be transmitted in respiratory droplets from person to person. On 6 March 2019, the Uganda Ministry of Health was notified of a patient in Zombo District with clinical presentation similar to pneumonic plague, and a positive plague rapid diagnostic test (RDT). The patient had family links to the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). We determined the scope of the outbreak, determined the mode of transmission, and recommended evidence-based control and prevention measures.Methods: A suspected pneumonic plague case was ≥2 of: cough (bloody or wet), chest pain, difficulty in breathing, or fever in a resident of Zombo District during February 1-March 31, 2019. A confirmed case was a suspected case testing positive for Yersinia pestis by rapid diagnostic test, culture or serology. We actively searched for case-patients, traced contacts and took samples as appropriate. We performed descriptive epidemiology of the outbreak.Results: We identified one suspected and one confirmed pneumonic plague case. On February 26, 2019, a 4-year-old boy was buried in DRC near the Uganda border after reportedly succumbing to a disease consistent with bubonic plague. Case-patient A (35-year-old mother to the boy), fell ill with suspected pneumonic plague while attending to him. She was referred to a health facility in Uganda on February 28 but died on arrival. On March 4, Case-patient B (23-year-old sister to Case-patient A), who attended to Case-patient A, presented with pneumonic plague symptoms to the same Uganda facility and tested plague-positive by RDT, culture, and serological tests. Contacts (n=114) were traced and given antibiotics as prophylaxis; no new cases were reported.Conclusion: This fatal plague outbreak started as bubonic and later manifested as pneumonic. There was cross-border spread from DRC to Uganda with no cross-border efforts at prevention and control. Person-to-person transmission appears to have occurred. The quick and effective response likely minimized spread.
A Magnatic Resonance Imaging Morphometric Study of Lumbar Epidural Fat Distribution: Implications for Lumbar Epidural Lipomatosis
Authors: Jiang Haowei , Wang Yongli , Nie Jiangbo , Jin Mingchao , Fang Tianshun , Jiang Xuesheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background. To the best of our knowledge, no published English literatures has provided detailed parameters about the normal epidural fat and other contents in lumbar spinal canal. Our objective was to quantify reference data of epidural fat and the contents of lumbar spinal canal to guide the diagnosis of lumbar epidural lipomatosis.Methods. 178 content lumbar MRI cases were analysis on Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS).Results. the mean anteroposterior ( AP ) diameters ± standard deviation(SD) of lumbar vertebral body ( V )、dural sac ( DS )、epidural fat ( EF ) each measured lever on the mid-sagittal MRI and the mean cross-sectional area ± SD of lumbar spinal canal ( SC )、DS of each measured lever on the axial MRI were showed. The mean AP diameters of V and DS are showed obvious significant difference between men and women ( P ＜0.05). The mean AP diameters of EF is showed no significant difference between men and women (P ＞0.05). Also The mean area of lumbar SC (male 316.7 mm2, female 306.4 mm2 ) and DS (male 198.6 mm2, female 189.2 mm2) are showed obvious significant difference between men and women ( P ＜0.05). The growth trend of the thickness of epidural fat in lumbar spinal canal is showed.Conclusion. Our investigation provides insight into the anatomy of epidural fat and gives the relevant parameters of lumbar spinal canal and its contents on MRI. MRI is the most sensitive imaging test to diagnose lumbar epidural lipomatosis
Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Validity and Reliability of The Chinese Version of Miller Behavioral Style Scale
Authors: Zhuo Qiqi , Cui Changsheng , Liang Hongmin , Bai Yangjuan , Hu Qiulan , Hanum Ardani Latifah , Yang MingFang , Wang Yanjiao , Wei Wei , Ding Lan , Ma Fang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Health education basing on patients’ information-seeking style can improve the effect of health education and patients’ health outcomes. The Miller Behavioral Style Scale(C-MBSS) is widely used, but the Chinese version is lacking. The study aim was to test the reliability and validity of C-MBSS.Methods: The forward-back-translation procedure was adopted in the translation of the MBSS. Content validity was assessed in a panel of experts. In a sample of 1343 individuals including patients, patients’ caregivers, university students, and medical staff, reliability and construct validity were assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and factor analysis.Results: The C-MBSS achieved conceptual and semantic equivalence with the original scale. The item-level content validity index (I-CVI) of each item ranged from 0.78 to 1, and the averaging scale-level content validity index (S-CVI/ Ave) was 0.95. Thecronbach`s alpha coefficient for the scale and sub-scales were over 0.6. The exploratory factor analysis resulted in 2-factor assumption for each hypothetical threat-evoking scenario. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a good fit between theoretical model and data, which provided confirmatory evidence for the second-order factor structure of 2-factor solution (Monitoring and Blunting).Conclusions: This study verified the reliability and validity of the C-MBSS and indicated that the C-MBSS can be used to identify individual`s information-seeking style in Chinese population.
An Integrated Primary Care Workforce Planning Toolkit at The Regional Level (Part 2) Quantitative Tools Compiled for Decision-Makers in Toronto, Canada
Authors: Simkin Sarah , Chamberland-Rowe Caroline , Bourgeault Ivy Lynn 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Health workforce planning capability at a regional level is increasingly necessary to ensure that the healthcare needs of defined local populations can be met by the health workforce. In 2016, a regional health authority in Toronto, Canada identified a need for more robust health workforce planning infrastructure and processes. The goal of this project was to develop an evidence-informed toolkit for integrated, multi-professional, needs-based primary care workforce planning for the region. This article presents the quantitative component of the workforce planning toolkit and describes the process followed to develop this tool.Methods: We first developed a framework for quantitative health workforce planning to assess the alignment of regional service requirements with the service capacity of the workforce. We then conducted an environmental scan to identify datasets addressing population health need and profession-specific health workforce supply that could contribute to quantitative health workforce modeling. We assessed these sources of data for comprehensiveness, quality, and availability.Results: The quantitative model developed as part of the toolkit includes components relating to both population health need and health workforce supply. Different modules were developed to capture the information, including an allocation process for optimizing service delivery. Only data elements meeting criteria for quality, availability, and comprehensiveness were integrated into the model.Conclusions: A quantitative health workforce planning model is a necessary component of any health workforce planning toolkit. In combination with qualitative tools, it supports integrated, multi-professional, needs-based primary care workforce planning.
Altered oligodendroglia and astroglia in chronic traumatic encephalopathy
Authors: Chancellor K. Blake , Chancellor Sarah E. , Duke-Cohan Joseph E. , Huber Bertrand R. , Stein Thor D. , Alvarez Victor E. , Okaty Benjamin W. , Dymecki Susan M. , McKee Ann C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive tauopathy found in contact sport athletes, military veterans, and others exposed to repetitive head impacts (RHI)1–6. White matter atrophy and axonal loss have been reported in CTE but have not been characterized on a molecular or cellular level2,7,8. Here, we present RNA sequencing profiles of cell nuclei from postmortem dorsolateral frontal white matter from eight individuals with neuropathologically confirmed CTE and eight age- and sex-matched controls. Analyzing these profiles using unbiased clustering approaches, we identified eighteen transcriptomically distinct cell groups (clusters), reflecting cell types and/or cell states, of which a subset showed differences between CTE and control tissue. Independent in situ methods applied on tissue sections adjacent to that used in the single-nucleus RNA-seq work yielded similar findings. Oligodendrocytes were found to be most severely affected in the CTE white matter samples; they were diminished in number and altered in relative proportions across subtype clusters. Further, the CTE-enriched oligodendrocyte population showed greater abundance of transcripts relevant to iron metabolism and cellular stress response. CTE tissue also demonstrated excessive iron accumulation histologically. Astrocyte alterations were more nuanced; total astrocyte number was indistinguishable between CTE and control samples, but transcripts associated with neuroinflammation were elevated in the CTE astrocyte groups as compared to controls. These results demonstrate specific molecular and cellular differences in CTE oligodendrocytes and astrocytes and may provide a starting point for the development of diagnostics and therapeutic interventions.
Traumatic Brain Injury Accelerates the Onset of Cognitive Dysfunction and Aggravates Alzheimer’s-like Pathology in the Hippocampus by Altering the Phenotype of Microglia in APP/PS1 Mouse Model
Authors: Wu Di , Kumal Jay Prakash Prasad , Lu Xiaodi , Li Yixuan , Mao Dongsheng , Tang Xudong , Nie Meitong , Liu Xin , Sun Liang , Liu Bin , Zhang Yafang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: There are increasing studies suggest that Traumatic Brain Injury(TBI) might be the cause of some neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s Disease(AD). The mechanism of AD induced by TBI has also been elucidated from sorts of aspects. However, there are also researches which opponent to the viewpoint that TBI is the reason of AD. In this study, we investigate whether and how could TBI accelerated the Alzheimer’s-like pathology and cognitive dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice.Method: The traumatic brain injury model was established in adult male APP/PS1 and C57BL/6 mice. At the 29th and 30th day post-TBI, Novel object and novel position recognition test were performed to test the learning and memory function. After cognitive function test, all the mice were sacrificed with PBS perfusion to anatomize the brain for histopathological study. To determine whether the Alzheimer’s-like pathology and the synaptic function decline can be accelerated by TBI, HE staining, IF staining and IHC staining were performed to detect the cell density in the brain, the degree of Aβ-plaques deposition in the brain, and SYP expression in the brain. We also examined the activity and the phenotype of microglia by IF staining and western-blotting the after the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week of TBI.Result: In current study, we showed that, on the one hand, TBI impaired the hippocampal-dependent learning and memory, decreased the cell density in the brain, disturbed the synaptic function in the brain, aggravated Aβ-plaques deposition in the hippocampus. On the other hand, TBI also quickly activated microglia in the CNS and altered the phenotype of microglia polarizing to a pro-inflammatory direction. The duration of activation of microglia post-TBI can be at least 3 weeks. We also found that microglia activity was related to the deposition of Aβ-plaques in the specific region of hippocampus. Conclusion: Our experiment suggested that TBI accelerate the onset of cognitive dysfunction and Alzheimer’s-like pathology in APP/PS1 mouse model by altering microglia polarizing direction to mostly exhibiting pro-inflammatory phenotype.
Dip Angle Effect on the Main Roof First Fracture and Instability in a Fully-mechanized Workface of Steeply Dipping Coal Seams
Authors: Wei Zhen , Yang Ke , Chi Lou Xiao , Zhao Xin Yuan , Lv Xin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The study of fracture and instability mechanism of the main roof in steeply dipping coal seams (SDCS) workface is crucial to the proper choice of support type and control of stability of surrounding rock, as well as the safe and effective mining in the coal seam. Based on the established SDCS main roof model, this study derived the stress distribution in the main roof under linear load, analyzed the dip angle effect associated with the evolving stress of SDCS workface, and elaborated the sequential characteristics of the ground pressure mechanism. Besides, an inclined unstable structure model of the main roof based on deformation, fracturing, and rotating of the main roof in the SDCS workface was also proposed here, which explained the impacts of overburden rock's key parameters on sliding and rotatory instability of rock mass. In light of the analysis of the movement rule of overburden rock and loading condition of support, it is found that, when the roof and floor in the workface are stable, the critical support resistance with the absence of sliding and rotating increases as the dip angle of coal seam increases, the roof is in the state of discontinuous movement due to its self-weight and overburden pressure. Support is affected by the discontinuous movement and moved along with the roof. The results of this study can be of theoretical reference to the control of SDCS.
Comparing Neoadjuvant Long-Course Chemoradiotherapy With Short-Course Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Jian , Long Yiwen , Liu Kun , Pei Qian , Zhu Hong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to compare short-course radiotherapy (SC) or neoadjuvant long-course chemoradiotherapy (LC) treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer patients.MethodsPatients with a diagnosis of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) who had undergone neoadjuvant radiotherapy before surgery between 2013 and 2018 at the medical center in China were included in this study. All patients’ MRI confirmed T2N+M0 or T3-4N0-3M0 clinical stages. Patients in the SC group received pelvic radiotherapy with a dose of 5×5 Gy (with or without chemotherapy at any time), followed by immediate or delayed surgery. Patients in the LC group received a dose of 50-50.4 Gy in 25-28 fractions, concomitantly with FOLFOX or capecitabine-based chemotherapy, followed by surgery 4-6 weeks later. All clinical data were retrospectively collected, and long-term follow-up was completed and recorded at the same time.ResultsA total of 170 were eligible to participate in this study, 32 patients in the SC group, and 138 in the LC group. The median follow-up time of living patients was 39 months. The disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates in the SC group and LC group at 3 years, were, 84.9% versus 72.4% (P= 0.273) and 96.2% versus 87.2% (P= 0.510), respectively. The complete pathological response (pCR) rates in the SC group and LC group were, 25% versus 18.1% (the difference was not statistically significant, P=0.375), respectively. However, the SC group had better node(N) downstaging compared to the LC group (P=0.011).ConclusionsThere were no differences observed in DFS and OS between short-course radiotherapy and long-course chemoradiation, and both can be used as treatment options for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.
Skin RT-QuIC Assays are More Sensitive than CSF RT-QuIC in Prion Detection for Chinese Probable Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Authors: Xiao Kang , Yang Xue-Hua , Zhou Wei , Chen Cao , Appleby Brian S , Zou Wen-Quan , Dong XiaoPing , Shi Qi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe definite diagnosis of human sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) largely depends on postmortem neuropathology and PrPSc detection in the brain. The development of prion RT-QuIC of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples makes it possible for premortem diagnosis for sCJD. However the diagnostic potential of RT-QuIC of skin specimen for probable sCJD is not well researched. This study is to evaluate the diagnostic potential of RT-QuIC of skin specimen in human prion diseases.MethodsWe collected the paired skin and CSF samples from 29 recruited alive patients referred to Chinese CJD surveillance center, including 12 probable sCJD, 9 non-CJD, 3 genetic prion disease (gPrD) and 5 cases whose diagnoses still pending. The samples were subjected to RT-QuIC assays using recombinant hamster PrP protein rHaPrP90-231 as the substrate.ResultsAll 12 probable sCJD patients, 4 pending, and 1 T188K genetic CJD (gCJD) cases showed positive prion-seeding activity, while all 9 non-CJD patients were negative. CSF RT-QuIC positive seeding activity was only observed in 5 probable sCJD patients.ConclusionsOur preliminary data indicate high sensitivity and specificity of skin RT-QuIC in prion detection for Chinese probable sCJD and highlight that skin prion-seeding activity is a reliable biomarker for premortem diagnosis of human prion disease.