bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitudinal and demographic factors associated with seeking help and receiving antidepressant medication for symptoms of common mental disorder
Authors: Manescu Andreea , Robinson Emily J. , Henderson Claire 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDespite the increased attention given to improvement of mental health-related knowledge and attitudes, rates of help-seeking for mental illness remain low even in countries with well-developed mental health services. This study examines the relationships between attitudes to mental illness, symptoms of common mental disorder and seeking-help and receiving medication for a mental health problem. Methods: We used data from the nationally representative Health Survey for England 2014 to design three logistic regression models to test for the effects of attitudes to mental illness (measured by the Community Attitude to Mental Illness, CAMI scale) on: recent contact with a doctor for a mental health problem; use of any type of mental health service in the last 12 months; and having antidepressants currently prescribed, while controlling for symptoms of common mental disorder (measured by the General Health Questionnaire, GHQ). We also tested for an interaction between attitudes to mental illness and symptoms of common mental disorder on the outcomes. Results: A significant but very small effect of CAMI score was found on ‘antidepressants currently prescribed’ model (OR = 1.01(1.00, 1.02) but not on the two indicators of help-seeking. We also found a significant but very small interaction between CAMI and GHQ scores on recent contact with a doctor (OR = 0.99, 95% CI (0.990, 0.998); adjusted Wald test P = 0.01)). Knowing someone with a mental illness had a significant positive effect on help-seeking indicated by: (a) recent contact with a doctor (2.65 (1.01, 6.98)) and (b) currently prescribed antidepressant (2.67 (1.9, 3.75)) after controlling for attitudes to mental illness.ConclusionsOur results suggest that knowing someone with a mental health problem seems to have a further positive effect on help-seeking, beyond improving attitudes to mental illness. Furthermore, multiple different types and aspects of stigma may contribute to help-seeking behaviours, consequently multi-faceted approaches are likely to be most efficient.
A five-step process for designing implementable complex interventions: A worked example using the Tailored intervention for ANxiety and DEpression Management (TANDEM) for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Authors: Steed Liz , Heslop-Marshall Karen , Sohanpal Ratna , Saqi-Waseem Sarah , Kelly Moira , Pinnock Hilary , Taylor Stephanie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHealthcare interventions shown to be effective, are commonly then found to be poorly implemented in clinical practice. It is suggested that insufficient attention is given to the implementation process at the developmental phase of intervention. This study outlines a 5 step process for considering both implementation and effectiveness issues from the outset of intervention development. We use the development of a complex intervention Treatment of anxiety and or depression in patients with chronic obstructive disease (TANDEM) to illustrate this process. MethodsIntervention development built upon the Medical Research Council framework for developing complex interventions and the Person Based Approach to development of behavioural interventions. Evidence synthesis, stakeholder engagement, qualitative data collection and pre-piloting were all critical steps in intervention development.ResultsContact with experts in the field ensured efficiency of design. Qualitative work suggested guiding principles for the intervention such as introducing mood in relation to breathlessness, and providing flexible tailoring to patients’ needs, whilst implementation principles focused on training selected respiratory professionals and requiring supervision to ensure standards of care. Subsequent steps of intervention development, pre-piloting and intervention refinement led to an intervention that was deemed acceptable and if successful will be ready for implementation. ConclusionsBy following the 5-step process recommended, both effectiveness and implementation concerns can be addressed in developing health care interventions, with the likelihood that such interventions will have a more rapid translation in to health care benefits, if shown to be effective. Trial RegistrationISRCTN, ID: ISRCTN59537391. Registered on 20 March 2017. Protocol version 6.0, 22 April 2018.
“Standing on Common Ground” - A Qualitative Study of Self-management Support for Patients With Multimorbidity in Primary Health Care
Authors: Freilich Joel , Nilsson Gunnar , Ekstedt Mirjam , Flink Maria 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Multimorbidity, the co-existence of two or more chronic conditions in an individual, is present in most patients over 65 years. Primary health care (PHC) is uniquely positioned to provide the holistic and continual care recommended for this group of patients, including support for self-management. The aim of this study was to explore professionals’, patients’, and family caregivers’ perspectives on how PHC professionals should support self-management in patients with multimorbidity. This study also includes experiences of using telemedicine to support self-management. Methods: A mixed qualitative method was used to explore regular self-management support and telemedicine as a tool to support self-management. A total of 42 participants (20 physicians, 3 registered nurses, 12 patients, and 7 family caregivers) were interviewed using focus group interviews (PHC professionals), pair interviews (patients and family caregivers), and individual interviews (registered nurses, patients, and family caregivers). The study was performed in urban areas in central Sweden and rural areas in southern Sweden between April 2018 and October 2019. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: The main theme that emerged was “Standing on common ground enables individualized support.” To achieve such support, professionals needed to understand their own views on who bears the primary responsibility for patients’ self-management, as well as patients’ self-management abilities, needs, and perspectives. Personal continuity and trustful relationships facilitated this understanding. The findings also indicated that professionals should be accessible for patients with multimorbidity, function as knowledge translators (help patients understand their symptoms and how the symptoms correlated with diseases), and coordinate between levels of care. Telemedicine supported continual monitoring and facilitated patient access to PHC professionals.Conclusion: Through personal continuity and patient-centered consultations, professionals could collaborate with patients to individualize self-management support. For some patients, this means that PHC professionals are in control and monitor symptoms. For others, PHC professionals play a less controlling role, empowering patients’ self-management. Development and improvement of eHealth tools for patients with multimorbidity should focus on improving the ability to set mutual goals, strengthening patients’ inner motivation, and including multiple caregivers to enhance information-sharing and care coordination.
Smartphone and Medical Application use Among Dentists in China
Authors: Zhang Chao , Fan Lin , Chai Zhaowu , Yu Cong , Song Jinlin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
With the development of information technology, more and more healthcare professionals are using smartphones and mobile medical applications (apps) in their clinical practice. The objective of this study was to survey the use of smartphone based medical apps among dentists in China and their perceptions on such apps.
Methods
All data were collected using anonymous questionnaires. The questionnaires for this cross-sectional study were randomly sent to dentists by email, and 379 dentists completed the questionnaires. Dentists’ demographics and their perceptions on Wechat, QQ (the most popular social media apps in China) and other medical apps were assessed, including questions on the purpose, frequency, daily use, and opinion of these apps they used. Questions were answered using a Likert scale (1 = strongly agree, 2 = agree, 3 = not sure, 4 = disagree, and 5 = strongly disagree).
Results
A total of 379 valid responses were received with a median age of 33.6 years old (63.3% female). All subjects (100%) owned a smartphone, and all of them installed and used WeChat or QQ in their clinical practice. Only 76% subjects installed medical apps (except Wechat and QQ) on their smartphones. Male dentists would like to install medical apps than female dentists (p < 0.05). With the increasing of age, the percentage of dentists to install medical apps was decreasing ( p < 0.001). The frequency and daily use of WeChat or QQ were more often than medical apps. Medical apps were positively perceived, with dentists reporting to recommend these medical apps to other peers (Likert score: 1.67 ± 0.68).
Conclusion
Medical apps were perceived to provide positive impact on clinical practice, education and patient care in dentistry by providing relevant medical information. But there will be still much room for improvement in the future.
Joint trajectories of lifestyle pattern and subsequent psychopathological outcomes in adolescence
Authors: Zhang Anhui , Zhang Dan-dan , Wan Yuhui , Su Puyu , Tao Fangbiao , Sun Ying 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Rapid socio-economic development makes China a unique laboratory for examining how lifestyle changes affect adolescent mental health. This study aims to identify joint trajectories of modifiable lifestyle indicators during pubertal transition and its associations with psychopathological outcomes. Methods: A cohort of 1974 children aged 7-9 years were recruited in Anhui Province, China during March 2013. The assessment of lifestyle behaviors (screen time, physical activity, sleep duration and beverage intake) and depressive symptoms were conducted from Wave 1 to Wave 4 (2018). Suicide ideation, non-suicidal self-harm (NSSI) and alcohol use were self-reported at Wave 4. Longitudinal trajectories of lifestyle patterns were defined using group-based multi-trajectory models in 2019. Results: Four lifestyle trajectories were identified: persistent healthy (39.9%), suboptimal healthy (25.3%), unhealthy mitigation (17.2%), and persistent unhealthy (17.7%). Compared with persistent healthy group, the risk of subsequent suicide ideation [odds ratio (OR): 2.86, 95%CI: 2.15-3.81], depressive symptoms (OR: 2.16, 95%CI: 1.39-3.35), alcohol use (OR: 2.53, 95%CI: 1.78-3.61) and non-suicidal self-harm (OR: 1.35, 95%CI: 1.09-1.67) was significantly higher in persistent unhealthy group.Conclusions: This study provided convincing evidence that unhealthy lifestyle trajectory during adolescence would substantially confer more than two-fold elevated risk for multiple domains of psychopathological outcomes over 5 years.
Serum Platelet-derived Growth Factor-BB Levels as a Potential Biomarker in Assessing the Metabolic Activity of Lesions in Alveolar Echinococcosis Patients
Authors: Ke Ying , Bi Xiaojuan , Yang Ning , Li Xiaohong , Ma Wenmei , Liu Hui , Wang Hui , Li Liang , Li Cheng , Qin Yongde , Aji Tuerganaili , Shao Yingmei , Lü Guodong , Lin Renyong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveAlveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a chronic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus multilocularis. Assessing the metabolic activity of AE lesions is critical to evaluate disease progression and survey treatment options. There is an urgent need to identify more rapid, convenient, and non-invasive clinical detection methods to substitute the current techniques. Herein, we evaluated the viability of platelet-derived growth factor-B B (PDGF-BB) as a biomarker for detecting the metabolic activity of AE patients. Concentration of serum PDGF-BB homodimers (sPDGF-BB) was assessed via ELISA. Correlations of PDGF-BB expression levels with clinicopathological features of AE patients were analyzed using SPSS. ResultsThe concentrations of sPDGF-BB were significantly lower in AE patients (p<0.0001), particularly in HMAE patients (p<0.05). The expression levels of PDGF-BB were significantly higher in CLT in AE patients (p<0.0001). We found that metabolically active AE and sPDGF-BB are significantly negatively correlated (r=-0.624, p=0.0004). Besides, the local expression levels of PGFD-BB was positively correlated with metabolic activity, the PNM stage, and lesion size. Notably, the sPDGF-BB levels were proposed as a potential biomarker for assessing metabolic activity of AE, with 85.7% sensitivity and 81% specificity (95% confidence interval, P = 0.003).
Lactate Albumin Ratio is Associated with Mortality in Patients with Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Wang Ruoran , He Min , Ou Xiaofeng , Xie Xiaoqi , Kang Yan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious public health issue all over the world. This study was designed to evaluate the prognostic value of lactate to albumin ratio (LAR) on moderate to severe traumatic brain injury.Methods: Clinical data of 273 moderate to severe TBI patients hospitalized in West China Hospital between May 2015 and January 2018 were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to explore risk factors and construct prognostic model of in-hospital mortality in this cohort. Nomogram was drawn to visualize the prognostic model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve were respectively drawn to evaluate discriminative ability and stability of this model.Results: Non-survivors had higher LAR than survivors (1.0870 vs 0.5286, p<0.001). Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that GCS (OR=0.818, p=0.008), blood glucose (OR=1.232, p<0.001), LAR (OR=1.883, p=0.012), and red blood cell distribution (RDW)-SD (OR=1.179, p=0.004) were independent risk factors of in-hospital mortality in included patients. These four factors were utilized to construct prognostic model. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) value of single lactate and LAR were 0.733 (95%Cl; 0.673-0.794) and 0.780 (95%Cl; 0.725-0.835), respectively. The AUC value of the prognostic model was 0.868 (95%Cl; 0.826-0.909), which was higher than that of LAR (Z=2.5143, p<0.05).Conclusions: LAR is a readily available prognostic marker of moderate to severe TBI patients. Prognostic model incorporating LAR is beneficial for clinicians to evaluate possible progression and make treatment decisions in these patients.
Everolimus-Eluting Bioresorbable Scaffolds and Metallic Stents in Diabetic Patients: a Patient-level Pooled Analysis of the Prospective ABSORB DM Benelux Study, TWENTE and DUTCH PEERS
Authors: Hommels T. M. , Hermanides R. S. , Berta B. , Fabris E. , De Luca G. , Ploumen E. H. , von Birgelen C. , Kedhi E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Several studies compared everolimus-eluting bioresorbable scaffolds (EE-BRS) with everolimus-eluting stents (EES), but only few assessed these devices in patients with diabetes mellitus.Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy outcomes of all-comer patients with diabetes up to 2 years after treatment with EE-BRS or EES.Methods: We performed a post-hoc pooled analysis of patient-level data in diabetic patients who were treated with EE-BRS or EES in 3 prospective clinical trials: The ABSORB DM Benelux Study (NTR5447), TWENTE (NTR1256/NCT01066650) and DUTCH PEERS (NTR2413/NCT01331707). Primary endpoint of the analysis was target lesion failure (TLF): a composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction or clinically driven target lesion revascularization. Secondary endpoints included major adverse cardiac events (MACE): a composite of all-cause death, any myocardial infarction or clinically driven target vessel revascularization, as well as definite or probable device thrombosis (ST).Results: A total of 499 diabetic patients were assessed, of whom 150 received EE-BRS and 249 received EES. Total available follow-up was 222.6 patient years (PY) in EE-BRS and 464.9 PY in EES. The adverse events rates were similar in both treatment groups for TLF (7.2 vs. 5.2 events per 100 PY, p=0.39; adjusted hazard ratio (HR)=1.48 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77-2.87), p=0.24), MACE (9.1 vs. 8.3 per 100 PY, p=0.83; adjusted HR=1.23 (95% CI: 0.70-2.17), p=0.47), and ST (0.9 vs. 0.6 per 100 PY, p>0.99).Conclusion: In this patient-level pooled analysis of patients with diabetes mellitus from 3 clinical trials, EE-BRS showed clinical outcomes that were quite similar to EES.
Identification of differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways in rheumatoid arthritis by integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Ge Yanzhi , Zhou Li , Chen Zuxiang , Mao Yingying , Li Ting , Tong Peijian , Shan Letian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The disability rate associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) ranks high among inflammatory joint diseases. However, the cause and potential molecular events are as yet not clear. Here, we aimed to identify key genes and pathways involved in RA utilizing integrated bioinformatics analysis and uncover underlying molecular mechanisms.
Materials and methods
The expression profiles of GSE55235, GSE55457, GSE55584 and GSE77298 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, which contained 76 synovial membrane samples, including 49 RA samples and 27 controls. The microarray datasets were consolidated and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were acquired and further analyzed by bioinformatics techniques. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed using R (version 3.6.1), respectively. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of DEGs were developed utilizing the STRING database.
Results
A total of 828 DEGs were recognized, with 758 up-regulated and 70 down-regulated. GO and KEGG pathway analyses demonstrated that these DEGs focused primarily on multifactorial binding, transcription activity, cytokin-cytokin receptor interaction and relevant signaling pathways. The 30 most firmly related genes among DEGs were identified from the PPI network.
Conclusion
This study shows that screening for DEGs and pathways utilizing integrated bioinformatics analyses could aid in the comprehension of the molecular mechanisms involved in RA development. In addition, our study provides valuable data for the effective prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of RA patients as well as providing potential targets for the treatment of RA.
Accuracy of Implant Surgical Guides Fabricated Using Computer Numerical Control Milling for Edentulous Jaws: A Pilot Clinical Trial
Authors: Chai Jinyou , Liu Xiaoqian , Schweyen Ramona , Setz Jürgen , Pan Shaoxia , Liu Jianzhang , Zhou Yongsheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the accuracy of a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) surgical guide for implant placement in edentulous jaws.
Methods
Nine patients with twelve edentulous jaws seeking implants were recruited. Radiographic guides with diagnostic templates were fabricated from try-in waxup dentures. Planning software (Organical® Dental Implant, Berlin, Germany) was used to virtually design the implant positions, and the radiographic templates were converted into surgical guides using computer numerical control (CNC) milling. Following the guided implant surgery protocol, forty-four implants were placed into twelve edentulous jaws. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were performed post-operatively for each jaw, and the deviations between the planned and actual implant positions were measured.
Results
All 44 implants survived, and no severe haematomas, nerve injuries or unexpected sinus perforations occurred. The mean three dimensional linear deviation of implant position between virtual planning and actual placement was 1.53 ± 0.48 mm at the implant neck and 1.58 ± 0.4 mm at the apex. The angular deviation was 3.96 ± 3.05 degrees. The mean deviation between virtual and actual implant position was significantly smaller in the maxilla than in the mandible. No significant differences were found in the deviation of implant position between cases with and without anchor pins.
Conclusions
The guides fabricated using the CAD-CAM CNC milling technique provided comparable accuracy as those fabricated by Stereolithography. The displacement of the guides on edentulous arch might be the main contributing factor of deviation.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-ONC-17014159
Does Tooth Extraction and Perioperative Medication Affect PT-INR of Patients Taking Warfarin?
Authors: Iwata Eiji , Tachibana Akira , Kusumoto Junya , Takata Naoki , Hasegawa Takumi , Akashi Masaya 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Various antibiotics and analgesics have been reported to interact with　warfarin. Reports that investigate the effects of medication taken for just a few days during tooth extraction on the prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR) are rare. Methods: A total of 110 patients receiving long-term stable warfarin therapy underwent tooth extraction without interruption of warfarin treatment. INR values were measured one month before the tooth extraction, the day of the extraction, and one week after the extraction. We investigated the changes of INR values between the day of extraction and one week after the extraction, as well as the various risk factors for increases in INR values.Results: Before and after tooth extraction, the number of patients taking cefcapene pivoxil, amoxicillin, and azithromycin was 57, 36, and 8, respectively. Nine patients were administered ampicillin before tooth extraction and received amoxicillin after their tooth extraction. One week after tooth extraction, the INR values increased beyond the therapeutic range in 3 out of 110 patients (2.7%). The INR values before tooth extraction in these three patients were close to 3.0. The INR value increased by more than twice as much in 1 of 110 patients (0.9%).Conclusion: When a tooth extraction is performed in patients taking warfarin, certain factors could increase the INR, such as interaction between warfarin and antibiotics or analgesics, post-extraction inflammation or infection, and eating disorders due to post-extraction pain. However, our results suggest that it has little effect on the INR values one week after extraction.