bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CO2 Foam Stabilized by Viscoelastic Surfactant: Effects of Chelating Agents’ Type, pH, and Water Chemistry on Microstructure, Stability, and Rheology of Foam
Authors: Al-Darweesh Jawad , Aljawad Murtada Saleh , Kamal Muhammad Shahzad , Mahmoud Mohamed , Alajmei Shabeeb , Al-Shehri Dhafer 
Published: December 2024

Summary
This research fully investigates the impact of chelating agent pH, chelating agent’s type, water chemistry, and viscoelastic surfactant (VES) concentration on the rheology and stability of CO2 foam under harsh reservoir conditions. In this regard, a modified high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) foam rheometer and HPHT foam analyzer were implemented to study the foam rheology and stability at 100°C and 1,000 psi. Additionally, the HPHT viscometer and drop shape analyzer were utilized to understand the role of physicochemical properties on the microstructure, stability, and rheology of CO2 foam. First, the role of L-glutamic acid N,N-diacetic acid (GLDA) pH on the foam properties and foam rheology was investigated; the results showed that GLDA has a significant effect on the viscosity, stability, and foamability of CO2 foam. The optimum foam viscosity was achieved with a GLDA pH of 3, while the highest stability was attained with a GLDA pH ranging between 4 and 7. The highest foamability was achieved with low GLDA pH (3 to 2) due to the formation of high bubble numbers with uniform fine texture. Second, different chelating agents were considered; low pH GLDA provided the highest foam viscosity and stability among diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) salt and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) disodium salt, while high pH EDTA exhibited the highest foamability. Additionally, three types of water were studied: produced water, sea water, and formation water. The outcomes showed that water salinity significantly impacts the foam formation process, where the formation water presented poor foamability. Finally, the concentration of surfactant has a major effect on the viscosity of CO2 foam; it reached 150 cp at 100/s once the concentration increased to 6 wt%. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the impact of additives and water chemistry on VES behavior for CO2 foam. Also, the usage of erucamidopropyl hydroxypropylsultain (SURF) is promising for the generation of high stability and foam viscosity at high salinity and high temperature and pressure.
Complexities of Riverfront Development for the Hilly City of Paonta Sahib in India
Authors: Jena Adyasha , Kansal Mitthan Lal 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The rapid urbanization, industrial growth, and socio-cultural activities along riverbanks in hilly cities are transforming land use and intensifying water infrastructure challenges. Paonta Sahib, a culturally significant town in Himachal Pradesh on the Yamuna River, along the foothills of the Himalayas exemplifies these pressures due to its religious tourism, industrialization, and mining activities. This study explores sustainable riverfront development at Paonta Sahib, addressing socio-cultural, environmental, and technical concerns essential for eco-sensitive urban planning. A SWOT analysis highlights strengths such as Paonta Sahib's strong cultural identity and economic potential, alongside weaknesses like limited water infrastructure and unregulated land use. Opportunities for eco-sensitive zoning and circular economy practices are proposed as strategies to mitigate environmental impacts, with financial projections indicating a 68 million INR annual cost recovery over a 35-year development period. Additionally, pollutant scenario analysis is recommended to support effective water quality management. Findings emphasize the importance of collaborative efforts between local authorities, technical experts, and communities to address the extreme hydrological, environmental, and planning challenges faced by riverbank cities. This balanced approach seeks to enhance Paonta Sahib’s urban identity while preserving ecological integrity, offering a model for sustainable development in similar hilly settlements. The proposed framework aims to guide future policies for resilient riverfront urbanization, emphasizing adaptive planning, community engagement, and infrastructure that support both economic growth and environmental sustainability.
Consistent and Tamper-Proof Acquisition of Automatically Verifiable Forensic Web Evidence
Authors: Cantelli-Forti Alessandro , Longo Giacomo , Lupia Francesco , Russo Enrico 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The pervasiveness of web-based services has further complicated forensic analysis, as traditional acquisition techniques do not fit with the volatile nature of online evidence.The current best practice approach often suffers from procedural shortcomings and is prone to tampering, which can lead to the dismissal of evidence in legal contexts.This paper introduces a methodology aimed at improving the integrity and admissibility of digital evidence acquired from live web environments. Our proposed approach addresses these issues and adheres to the requirement of international standards by establishing a unified format as a single source of truth, secure timestamping, and enabling automatic verification of integrity and its content, thereby offering more transparency to the involved parties. An extensive evaluation with live acquisition of the top 100 most popular websites indicates that the methodology produces an artifact comparableto state-of-the-art tools with added benefits.
A UAV attitude fusion algorithm based on gradient descent- improved EKF
Authors: Zhao Guiling , Wang Yuan , Liang Weidong , Zhao Hongxing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

When the UAV is in accelerated motion, the non-gravitational acceleration and body vibration lead to high-frequency errors in the accelerometer acquisition data, which affects the accuracy of the attitude calculation of the UAV. To solve the above problems, a UAV attitude solution fusion algorithm based on gradient descent-improved Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) was designed. Firstly, the gradient descent method is used to solve the sensor data to reduce the error caused by the accelerometer and magnetometer. Secondly, the noise covariance matrix and the non-gravity acceleration function are established to improve the shortcomings of the traditional noise matrix that cannot suppress the interference of non-gravity acceleration. Finally, the gradient descent solution value is used as the measured value of the improved EKF to improve the accuracy and filtering effect of the measured value and realize the attitude update. The experimental results show that in the static experiment, the error of the UAV roll angle is 0.017°. Compared with the gyroscope solving algorithm, EKF algorithm, and complementary filtering algorithm, the accuracy is improved by 0.116°, 0.023°, and 0.058°, respectively. In the dynamic experiment, the attitude error angle of the UAV is less than 0.1°. Compared with the EKF and complementary filtering algorithms, the accuracy is improved by an order of magnitude. The UAV attitude fusion algorithm based on gradient descent-improved EKF can effectively suppress the influencing factors such as non-gravitational acceleration interference and high-frequency vibration of the airframe, and improve the attitude-solving accuracy of the UAV.
Indoor air pollution is related to the house typology, in the South of Vietnam
Authors: Tran Thanh Ngoc , Nguyen Diem K. T. , Tran Thuy T. T. , Hauglustaine Jean-Marie , Michel Olivier , Bouland Catherine 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Besides tobacco smoke, indoor air pollution can contribute to the risk of chronic respiratory diseases. Numerous indoor pollutants are measurable in the air (including carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), volatile organic compounds (VOC), particles <2.5μm (PM2.5)) and in the settled dust (like endotoxin). The objective was to associate pollutants levels with a house typology proposal, in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC).
Methods: In HCMC, the following house types were identified as typical: apartment, tube, rental, rural, and slum. A total of 100 dwellings, including 20 of each type, underwent investigation with a 3M-Quest for 36 hours, measuring temperature/humidity and chemical pollutants. Endotoxin concentration was measured in the house dust, based on a chromogenic Limulus assay.
Results: The results are as follow: In the sample of 100 houses, the mean concentrations measured were 2.37 ppm for CO, 485.10 ppm for CO2, 23.20 µg/m3 for PM2.5, 70.40 ppb for VOC while the indoor temperature and relative humidity were 300C and 60.5%, respectively. The mean dust concentrations of endotoxin were 107.80 EU/mg in the living room, 124.50 EU/mg in the bedroom and 149.10 EU/mg in the kitchen. It was found that endotoxin concentrations, as well as temperature, VOC, CO, and CO2, varied significantly among the dwellings. The rural and slums displayed a higher concentration of endotoxin and PM2.5, indicating a higher risk of airway inflammation. Rural type had reduced levels of CO and VOC. The rent type exhibited higher levels of CO2, suggesting inadequate ventilation. The endotoxin and VOC were low in apartment, suggesting better air quality.
Conclusion: Five typical house types in HCMC featured different levels of air pollutants. In future research, an assessment will be conducted to determine potential health hazards, such as chronic respiratory diseases, associated with inhabiting each type of housing.
Comparison of Physiological and Physical Demands between Small-sided Games and Official Matches in Youth Football Players
Authors: Carril-Valdó Jorge J. , Ferrandis Jordi , Rabaz Fernando Claver , Gil-Arias Alexander , González-Rodenas Joaquín 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose: this study aimed to compare the physiological and physical demands between two spatial formats of small-sided games (SSGs) and competitive matches in youth football players.
Method: fifteen U14 sub-elite players were monitored using WIMU PROTM devices (Huddle, USA) during competition and training. The training involved two 7 vs. 7 SSGs formats: small (SSGs-S; 132m² per player) and large (SSGs-L; 232m² per player). Variables such as relative maximum heart rate (HRMAX), total distance (TD), high-intensity running distance (HIRD), high-metabolic load distance (HMLD), maximum speed (SpeedMAX), average speed (SpeedAVG), and acceleration distance were evaluated.
Results: repeated measures ANOVA revealed that players covered more TD, HIRD, and HMLD per minute during SSGs-L than in both competition and SSGs-S (p < .01; effect size [ES] = .81, .76, .73, respectively). Competitive matches showed higher SpeedMAX (p < .01; ES = .93) and SpeedAVG (p < .01; ES = .84) compared to SSGs. Both SSGs formats exhibited higher distances covered in accelerations (>2 m/s²) than competitive matches (p < .01; ES = .86).
Conclusion: this study emphasizes the importance for fitness coaches to manipulate pitch size during SSGs to replicate, increase or decrease physiological and physical demands relative to competitive conditions.
Comparison of overall survival of adult and pediatric osteosarcoma patients using the National Cancer Database
Authors: Boyland Ryan , Amin Saber , Shostrom Valerie , Zheng Cheng , Allison Jenna , Lin Chi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Differences in overall survival (OS) between children and adult patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma are poorly understood. The objective of this study is to compare the OS of pediatric and adult patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma, identify prognostic factors associated with OS, and explore factors specifically associated with pediatric patients with osteosarcoma using data gathered from the National Cancer Database (NCDB).
Methods:
Patients >=1 years old and diagnosed with osteosarcoma between 2004 and 2017 were included in the study. Multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusted for gender, race, income, education, place of living, health insurance status, year of diagnosis, stage of cancer, surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy (RT), and immunotherapy was used to assess the association of age with the OS of the patients.
Results:
The analysis included 7,890 patients among whom 2,972 (37.7%) were between 1-17 years old. In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, adult patients had worse OS compared with pediatric patients (HR: 1.90; p<.01). When stratified by treatment type, pediatric patients had better OS in several groups. This includes those who received chemotherapy alone (HR: 0.58, p < .01), surgery alone (HR: 0.48, p < .01), surgery plus chemotherapy (HR: 0.55, p < .01), and those who received no treatment (HR: 0.25, p < .01). There was no significant difference in OS between pediatric and adult patients receiving a combination of chemotherapy, surgery, and RT (HR: 0.66, p = 0.11). In analysis stratified by cancer stage, pediatric patients had better OS compared to adult patients at each stage.
Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that pediatric patients are more likely to be non-white, have insurance, present with unknown/occult stage disease, have poorly differentiated tumors, and receive immunotherapy, chemotherapy, or surgery. Additionally, multivariable Cox regression analysis identified factors associated with improved OS: age, diagnosis between 2011-2015, private insurance, non-metastatic disease, well-differentiated tumors, and receiving chemotherapy or surgery, but not RT.
Conclusion:
Pediatric patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma had better OS compared to their adult counterparts. Pediatric patients had better OS compared to adults when the analysis was stratified by treatment modality and stage of cancer. More research is necessary to delineate the underlying reason for this difference.
Potential Antidiabetic Effects by Alpha-Amylase Inhibition and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Extracts from Five Medicinal Plants Used in Nigeria
Authors: Abu Thomas , Adedayo Adesola J. , Luma Woquan S. , Ogbole Omonike 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: The cost of managing diabetics and side effects from available synthetic drugs has led to the exploration of the floral diversity for the discovery of potent drug molecules. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the potential antidiabetic effects of alpha-amylase inhibition and free radical scavenging properties of five plant species growing in southwestern Nigeria. Total phenolic content (TPC), 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and in vitro alpha-amylase inhibitory activities of the five medicinal plant extracts were evaluated.
Results: The methanol extract of Macaranga barteri leaves (MBL) had the highest TPC (IC50=107.37 mg GAE/g), and free radical scavenging activity (IC50=6.58 μg/mL) as compared to ascorbic acid (IC50=8.39±0.64 µg/mL). It also had the highest α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC50=0.54 µg/mL) when compared to acarbose (IC50=0.68±0.21 µg/mL). From the resulting partitioned fractions, ethylacetate fraction had the highest TPC (IC50=176.81 mg GAE/g) followed by dichloromethane (DCM) fraction (IC50=93.23 mg GAE/g). DCM fraction had the highest free radical scavenging and α-amylase inhibitory activities with IC50=5.17 µg/mL and IC50=0.29 µg/mL respectively. The subfraction C from the DCM fraction using vacuum liquid chromatography showed the highest α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC50=0.35 µg/mL). The molecules including 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, acteoside, kampferol-7-O-glucoside and bastadin 11, respectively, were the major compounds identified from the DCM fraction using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet-visible detector) (HPLC-UV).
Conclusions: These activities of Macaranga barteri leaves revealed that it could be a potent source of novel anti-diabetic agent. Also, the Nigeria flora could be a veritable source of bioactive leads for drug development.
Renal sarcoidosis: renal pathology guides diagnosis and prognosis
Authors: Liu Aichun , Wang Yina , Yan Yu , Dong Bao , Cai Meishun , Zuo Li 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background While many studies have reported renal involvement in sarcoidosis, there is limited description of the pathological manifestations of renal sarcoidosis (RS). This study aimed to investigate the standardized pathological diagnosis of RS while evaluating the relationship among pathology, clinical manifestations, and prognosis.
Methods We conducted a retrospective, single-center study of RS in renal biopsy cases treated in our department between January 2019 and December 2023.
Results We identified 5 patients (4 men, 1 woman; median age 52 years, IQR 36-61 years). Two patients were diagnosed with non-caseating granulomatous interstitial nephritis (GTN), while two patients were diagnosed with tubulointerstitial nephritis without granulomas (TIN), and one patient was diagnosed with acute tubular necrosis (ATN). The grading of tubulointerstitial acute inflammation revealed 2 cases graded as (+++), 2 cases as (++), and 1 case as (-). All 5 cases exhibited an interstitial fibrosis grade of (-). However, in the second renal biopsy following recurrence in case 4, the interstitial fibrosis grade increased to (++). In two patients with GTN, immunohistochemical staining revealed that the infiltrating lymphocytes were predominantly CD4+ T cells, which formed nodular granulomas and were surrounded by CD8+ T cells. A favorable response to steroid therapy was noted in all cases.
Conclusions The pathological manifestations of RS primarily consist of acute TIN with or without granuloma formation. Quantifying the pathological grade is essential for guiding treatment decisions and predicting prognosis.
Immediate implant placement for a single failing maxillary anterior tooth after trauma: a case-series study
Authors: Liang Qian , Chen Xiao , Chen Jingyun , Li Yinyin , Yang Zinan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:The purpose of this retrospective evaluation was to assess the treatment outcomes following immediate implant placement for a single failing maxillary anterior tooth after trauma. Moreover, both objective and subjective esthetic assessments were conducted.
Methods:Immediate implant placement was performed on thirty-two patients who had a single untreatable, traumatic tooth in the anterior maxilla. At the one-year mark following the final restoration, marginal bone changes, pink/white esthetic scores (PES/WES), and patient satisfaction data were collected. Factors such as age, sex, gingival biotype, thickness of the buccal bone wall, and size of the jumping gap were considered potential influences on the clinical results, with their relationships being examined.
Results: The implant survival rate was 100% after one year of final restoration., with marginal bone changes measuring -0.17 ±0.31 mm mesially and -0.22 ±0.28 mm distally. Additionally, the PES averaged 10.7, whereas the WES averaged 7.3. On the patient side, esthetic satisfaction scored an average of 8.89 on the visual analog scale. Interestingly, no significant correlations were found between potential factors and esthetic scores or patient satisfaction.
Conclusions: In the initial year following the final restoration, immediate implant placement for a single failing maxillary anterior tooth post-trauma demonstrated promising clinical outcomes both objectively and subjectively.
Describing posture on the bike: Do different methods lead to similar
Authors: Bini Rodrigo Rico , Lanferdini Fabio , Diefenthaeler Fernando 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Standardising methods to calculate joint angles is essential to enable the reproducibility of movement analysis in cycling. This study compared three methods for determining lower limb posture on the bike across three positions on the saddle.
Methods
Fourteen non-cyclists were assessed in two laboratory visits. The first involved determining their maximum aerobic capacity which was used in the second visit to define a sub-maximal cycling exercise intensity. Lower limb kinematics were obtained and angles for the hip, knee, and ankle were calculated using three methods (6 o’clock position, Minimum Knee Angle, and the Largest Leg Extension).
Results
Angles obtained at the 6 o’clock position were larger than those at the minimum knee angle and the largest leg extension for the hip (p < 0.01), knee (p < 0.01), and ankle joints (p < 0.01). Knee flexion was greater at the anterior position than the posterior (p < 0.01) and the reference (p < 0.01), with larger angles for the reference than the posterior (p < 0.01). The ankle was more dorsiflexed at the anterior vs. posterior positions (p < 0.01), anterior vs. reference positions (p < 0.01), and references vs. posterior positions (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
All three methods were sensitive to detect changes in saddle position but data should not be interchanged due to differences in angles between methods.
The efficacy analysis of robotic versus laparoscopic ipsilateral uretero-ureterostomy for upper urinary tract duplications in pediatric population
Authors: YU BIN , fan yingzhong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
To review and compare robot-assisted ipsilateral ureteroureterostomy (RALUU) and laparoscopic ipsilateral uretero-ureterostomy (LUU) in terms of efficacy and outcomes.
Methods
Clinical data of 65 children with complete renal ureteral duplication deformity admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2015 to December 2022 were collected. Among these, 42 patients underwent laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy (LUU), designated as the LUU group, while 23 patients received robot-assisted laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy (RALUU), designated as the RALUU group. We compared the two groups regarding surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage duration, length of hospital stay, changes in anterior-posterior diameter (APD) of the affected renal pelvis pre- and postoperatively, changes in ureteral diameter, and alterations in renal function.
Results
The postoperative drainage duration (Z = 2.375, P = 0.024) and length of hospital stay (t = 2.142, P = 0.038) were shorter in the RALUU group compared to the LUU group, with statistically significant differences. However, there were no statistically significant differences in surgical duration (t=-1.465, P = 0.153) and intraoperative blood loss (Z = 1.679, P = 0.097) between the two groups. Complications occurred in three patients in the LUU group (two cases of anastomotic stricture and one case of stump syndrome), while no long-term complications were reported in the RALUU group, with no significant difference between the groups (χ²=0.482, P = 0.488). Both groups exhibited a tendency for improvement in APD, ureteral diameter (UD), and differential renal function (DRF) pre- and postoperatively. However, further analysis revealed that changes in APD (ΔAPD, t=-1.132, P = 0.284), DRF (ΔDRF, Z = 1.865, P = 0.073), and UD (ΔUD, t = 1.562, P = 0.064) did not show statistically significant differences between the two groups.
Conclusion
Both RALUU and LUU are safe and effective treatments for children with complete renal ureteral duplication anomalies. Compared to LUU, RALUU is associated with shorter postoperative drainage duration and hospital stay.