bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The very deep cold pool, and lake‐effect snowfalls of 27 February–1 March 2018
Authors: Pike William S. , Webb Jonathan D. C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe very deep 1000‐500 hPa thickness cold pool which affected the UK and Ireland near the end of February 2018, advected the coldest air mass (in depth) into these islands since February 1991 (and the equal coldest since January 1987). This paper focuses on the first phase of the cold spell when snowfall was convective in origin. It was principally ‘Lake Effect’, i.e. associated with the inter‐action between deep, exceptionally cold air and relatively warm seas, enhanced and extended inland by coastal convergence and topography.The track of this cold pool was somewhat further north than in the record 1987 event with the heaviest snowfalls in 2018 occurring from around The Wash up to central Scotland.
New A4 lepton flavor model from S4 modular symmetry
Authors: Kobayashi Tatsuo , Shimizu Yusuke , Takagi Kenta , Tanimoto Morimitsu , Tatsuishi Takuya H. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We study a flavor model with A4 symmetry which originates from S4 modular group. In S4 symmetry, Z2 subgroup can be anomalous, and then S4 can be violated to A4. Starting with a S4 symmetric Lagrangian at the tree level, the Lagrangian at the quantum level has only A4 symmetry when Z2 in S4 is anomalous. We obtain modular forms of two singlets and a triplet representations of A4 by decomposing S4 modular forms into A4 representations. We propose a new A4 flavor model of leptons by using those A4 modular forms. We succeed in constructing a viable neutrino mass matrix through the Weinberg operator for both normal hierarchy (NH) and inverted hierarchy (IH) of neutrino masses. Our predictions of the CP violating Dirac phase δCP and the mixing sin2θ23 depend on the sum of neutrino masses for NH.
Factors Associated with Failure of Reperfusion in Endovascular Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors:   for the GSR investigators, Flottmann Fabian , Broocks Gabriel , Faizy Tobias Djamsched , McDonough Rosalie , Watermann Lucas , Deb-Chatterji Milani , Thomalla Götz , Herzberg Moriz , Nolte Christian H. , Fiehler Jens , Leischner Hannes , Brekenfeld Caspar 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Aim
In acute large vessel occlusions, endovascular therapy (EVT) achieves flow restoration in the majority of cases; however, EVT fails to achieve sufficient reperfusion in a substantial minority of patients. This study aimed to identify predictors of failed reperfusion.

Methods
In this study 2211 patients from the German Stroke Registry who received EVT for anterior circulation stroke were retrospectively analyzed. Failure of reperfusion was defined as thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) grades 0/1/2a, and sufficient reperfusion as TICI 2b/3. In 1629 patients with complete datasets, associations between failure of reperfusion and baseline clinical data, comorbidities, location of occlusion, and procedural data were assessed with multiple logistic regression.

Results
Failure of reperfusion occurred in 371 patients (16.8%) and was associated with the following locations of occlusion: cervical internal carotid artery (ICA, adjusted odds ratio, OR 2.01, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.08–3.69), intracranial ICA without carotid T occlusion (adjusted OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.05–2.98), and M2 segment (adjusted OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.21–2.84). Failed reperfusion was also associated with cervical ICA stenosis (>70% stenosis, adjusted OR 2.90, 95% CI 1.69–4.97), stroke of other determined etiology by TOAST (Trial of ORG 10172 in acute stroke treatment) criteria (e.g. nonatherosclerotic vasculopathies, adjusted OR 2.73, 95% CI 1.36–5.39), and treatment given outside the usual working hours (adjusted OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.07–1.86). Successful reperfusion was associated with higher Alberta stroke program early CT score (ASPECTS) on initial imaging (adjusted OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.79–0.92), treatment with the patient under general anesthesia (adjusted OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.54–0.96), and concomitant ICA stenting in patients with ICA stenosis (adjusted OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.11–0.38).

Conclusion
Several factors are associated with failure of reperfusion, most notably occlusions of the proximal ICA and low ASPECTS on admission. Conversely, stent placement in the proximal ICA was associated with reperfusion success.
Determinants of information system quality and data quality in management accounting
Authors: Knauer Thorsten , Nikiforow Nicole , Wagener Sebastian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractData quality is critical to adequately perform management accounting (MA) tasks, and information systems (IS) provide the data for the MA domain. However, IS can vary vastly across firms, which may influence the basis for rational decision making (i.e., data quality). This study therefore aims to investigate the impact of IS quality on data quality in MA and to analyze the determinants that can influence IS quality in MA. We conduct a cross-sectional survey among 143 medium-sized and large firms. Based on a structural equation model, we predict and find that IS quality significantly affects management accounting data quality (MADQ). Company’s IT investments, internal and external IT knowledge, innovative technologies, and data source variety are significantly associated with IS quality in MA and in turn indirectly affect MADQ. This study highlights the importance of IS quality for management accountants’ practice and simultaneously provides new insights regarding the efficacy of selected determinants of IS quality.
Evaluation of nutritional adequacy in adult patients with Crohn’s disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Cioffi Iolanda , Imperatore Nicola , Di Vincenzo Olivia , Pagano Maria Carmen , Santarpia Lidia , Pellegrini Lucienne , Testa Anna , Marra Maurizio , Contaldo Franco , Castiglione Fabiana , Pasanisi Fabrizio 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurposeInadequate oral intake may play an important role in the onset of malnutrition in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). The aims of this cross-sectional study were: (1) to compare dietary intake in clinically active and quiescent CD patients, and (2) to assess patients’ nutritional adequacy relative to the dietary reference values (DRVs) for the Italian population using LARN (Livelli di Assunzione di Riferimento di Nutrienti ed energia per la popolazione italiana).MethodsPatients aged between 18 and 65 years with a diagnosis of CD were recruited.All participants underwent anthropometry and were instructed to fill in a 3-day food record. Disease activity was clinically defined using the Crohn’s disease activity index (CDAI).ResultsOverall, 117 patients, 71 males and 46 females, with a mean age of 39.6 ± 13.8 years and a mean body weight of 65.4 ± 11.8 kg, were ultimately included. Our findings showed that the amount of nutrients was similar between patients with active and quiescent disease. The mean intake of macronutrients was adequate, except for fiber, while dietary micronutrients were insufficient. Median intakes of sodium, phosphorus, and fluorine met LARN recommendations in both sexes, and the DRVs were accomplished by many patients (53/117; 104/117 and 98/117, respectively). Interestingly, dietary amounts of iron and zinc were barely acceptable in males but not in females. However, a few of the patients (< 15) met the LARN for potassium, calcium, and magnesium, regardless of sex and CDAI. With respect to vitamins, no relevant difference was found between the active and quiescent groups, and none of them met recommended values in both sexes.ConclusionsThis study showed that the assessment of dietary intake can be crucial for optimizing dietary intervention with focused nutrition counseling, to improve nutritional status in CD patients.
Migration and Unrest in the Deep South Thailand: A Multilevel Analysis of a Longitudinal Study
Authors: Jampaklay Aree , Ford Kathleen , Chamratrithirong Aphichat 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Although migration of Muslims from the southernmost provinces of Thailand to Malaysia has a long history, research suggests that the intensity of this migration has increased in the past 10 years along with increased unrest in the provinces. This study examines how migration in the three southernmost provinces is affected by the ongoing unrest. Data are drawn from household probability surveys conducted in 2014 and 2016. An individual sample of 3,467 persons who were household residents at the 2014 survey was followed to see who remained in the household of origin or moved out two years later (2016 survey). Data on violent events from the Deep South Watch, an independent organization, were used to measure exposure to violence. Results from a multilevel analysis show that net of other characteristics at the individual, household, and village levels, individuals who live in a village in which a violent event occurred in the previous year are more likely to move out than those who live in a village with no violent event in the previous year. Findings suggest that in addition to the economic reasons that have long motivated migration from this area, violent events accelerate this migration.
Effect of post-weld heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of DP800 and DP1200 high-strength steel butt-welded joints using diode laser beam welding
Authors: Sisodia Raghawendra P.S. , Gáspár Marcell , Draskóczi László 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAmong the available high-strength steels, there is growing demand for dual phase (DP) steels for wide application in the automotive industry owing to their good combination of high strength, ductility and formability. Also, the use of innovative welding technologies like laser beam welding (LBW) has growing importance in the field of high-strength steel because of its excellence in providing high-quality welds, high welding speed, high power density, low heat input, a narrow heat-affected zone and low heat distortions as compared to the conventional gas metal arc welding process. However, the hardening and softening in the heat-affected zone is a major issue when welding high-strength steel, i.e. DP steel grades, greatly affecting the strength, formability and plasticity of the whole-welded joint and thus affecting service performance and reliability. Based on preliminary experiments, the optimal welding condition was a nominal laser power of 1.0 kW and a welding speed of 8 mm/s. The aim of this work is to analyse and compare the weld and heat-affected zone characteristics, microstructure and mechanical properties of DP steels with 1-mm thick butt joints of DP800 and DP1200 high-strength steel (HSS) by diode laser beam welding. The effects of post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) on the strengthening of the laser-welded joints were evaluated by microstructural examinations under optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, and mechanical properties were examined by microhardness test, three-point bending tests and tensile tests.
Chickenpox in Pregnancy
Authors: Krishnan Vivek , Sharma Akshatha 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPregnant women in the tropics like India are more susceptible to varicella zoster infection due to the lower seroprevalence of varicella as compared to temperate regions. Seronegative pregnant women are highly susceptible following a significant exposure owing to the high secondary attack rate of the virus. Fetal transmission could happen transplacentally while neonatal transmission occurs through close contact post partum. Maternal VZV infection could be severe (particularly varicella pneumonia) with high mortality if untreated. Congenital varicella syndrome has an incidence of about 1–2% and is more likely if maternal symptoms occur between 5th and 24th week of pregnancy. Susceptible pregnant women with a significant contact should be administered VZIG not later than 10 days of exposure. Women presenting with the typical rash of VZV infection should be prescribed oral aciclovir. The mainstay of diagnosis of fetal varicella syndrome is detailed ultrasound scanning starting 4 weeks after the onset of maternal rash. Prenatal diagnosis of varicella can be achieved by varicella PCR of the amniotic fluid at least 6 weeks after maternal infection. However, presence of the virus in the amniotic fluid does not necessarily imply progression to fetal varicella syndrome. If the mother contracts primary infection at term, her delivery should be delayed by at least 5–7 days after the onset of the rash if possible. Neonatal varicella zoster immunoglobulin should be administered to prevent neonatal infection if delivery cannot be postponed. Obstetrician should be aware of the prophylactic and treatment strategies in the event of exposure/infection.
Can Team-Based Learning (TBL) Be Used to Deliver Postgraduate Education in Transfusion Medicine for UK Physicians?
Authors: Graham Jane , Hayes Conrad , Pendry Kate 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
There is global need for evidence-based methodologies to effectively deliver transfusion training. This research critically assesses both efficacy and the practicalities of introducing team-based learning (TBL) to deliver transfusion medicine education to UK postgraduate doctors (residency equivalence).

Study Design and Methods
One TBL orientation session and three transfusion medicine sessions, mapped to the 2012 Foundation Programme curriculum, were designed adhering to TBL principles. These were delivered by one tutor during ‘compulsory’ (except rota commitments and leave) educational sessions. Team continuity plus trainee reaction, knowledge acquisition and behaviour were evaluated.

Results
Forty-eight doctors received a mean 2.5 TBL sessions. Five teams were developed with average team membership of 5.85 doctors per session. Overall team continuity (total team members attending/potential team members × 100) was 65% over the four sessions. Qualitative and quantitative trainee reaction to TBL was positive. Objective knowledge acquisition showed improved team knowledge over individual knowledge. Mean team readiness assurance testing (RAT) score exceeded maximum individual RAT score in 90% of cases. Subjective knowledge acquisition significantly improved, although confidence concerning prescribing declined. The reported time spent preparing for sessions correlated with enjoyment, subjective knowledge gain and clinical confidence. Preparation time was reported as ‘adequate’ or ‘excellent’ in 86% of anonymous feedback.

Conclusion
TBL is an enjoyable and effective approach to deliver transfusion education to doctors, particularly when preparation is adequate. Team continuity is poor despite ‘compulsory’ education sessions. This must be considered when designing and delivering TBL sessions in the UK postgraduate medical setting.
Collectively engaging with theory in environmental education research
Authors: Nakagawa Yoshifumi , Verlie Blanche , Kim Misol 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this article, we collectively explore the significance of engaging with theory in environmental education research. Inspired by Jackson and Mazzei’s (2011) postqualitative research methodology, each researcher provides a short sample of engaging with his/her chosen theoretical concept for one shared data source. Through our three individual theoretical engagements with a short video, we collectively demonstrate that the data may be enacted in different ways, based on the theoretical concept that is engaged. This may potentially actualise multiple different and partial realities of the researched, and by decentring the researcher, this can also rework humanist epistemologies. We suggest that non-researcher-centred and/or non-anthropocentric actualising may contribute to more sustainable relationships in environmental education and its research, not only between the researcher and the researched, but also among the researchers.
Finding Closure for Safety
Authors: Schulz Moritz 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThere are two plausible constraints on knowledge: (i) knowledge is closed under competent deduction; and (ii) knowledge answers to a safety condition. However, various authors, including Kvanvig (2004), Murphy (2005, 2006) and Alspector-Kelly (2011), argue that beliefs competently deduced from knowledge can sometimes fail to be safe. This paper responds that one can uphold (i) and (ii) by relativizing safety to methods and argues further that in order to do so, methods should be individuated externally.
Report on the Canadian Journal of Mathematics (1956-1957)
Authors: Coxeter H. S. M. , Robinson G. de B. 
Published: February 2020

Finance. Grants to support the Journal were received as followsIn addition, 35,530 was received from subscriptions, advertising, reprints, etc. Total cost of printing (at the University of Totonto Press) was about 312,500, leaving, after other expenses, a balance of $5,700.
THE INTEGRAL HODGE CONJECTURE FOR 3-FOLDS OF KODAIRA DIMENSION ZERO
Authors: Totaro Burt 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe prove the integral Hodge conjecture for all 3-folds $X$ of Kodaira dimension zero with $H^{0}(X,K_{X})$ not zero. This generalizes earlier results of Voisin and Grabowski. The assumption is sharp, in view of counterexamples by Benoist and Ottem. We also prove similar results on the integral Tate conjecture. For example, the integral Tate conjecture holds for abelian 3-folds in any characteristic.
Global Wetting by Seasonal Surface Water Over the Last Decades
Authors: Borja Sonia , Kalantari Zahra , Destouni Georgia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSurface water bodies and their changes in the landscape are critical for societies and ecosystems. However, the global change in surface water area over the last decades remains unclear, as recent studies using the same satellite data disagree on its direction. Here, we reanalyze reported maps of global water classification based on that data in order to estimate the changes in long‐term average surface water area from the first (1985–2000) to the second (2001–2015) half of the recent 30‐year period (1985–2015). We find a net gain in global surface water area by 100,454 km2, primarily due to seasonal water gains (83,329 km2). Over the world, we identify net wetting in 187 and net drying in 57 regional hydrological catchments, with the greatest water gain in Sabarmati (India) and loss in Amu Darya (Uzbekistan). We provide an interactive map to further explore the highly heterogeneous local changes around the world.
Mechanisms of Convective Clustering During a 2‐Day Rain Event in AMIE/DYNAMO
Authors: Cheng Wei‐Yi , Kim Daehyun , Rowe Angela , Moon Yumin , Wang Shuguang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPhysical mechanisms that are key to observed convective clustering in 2‐day rain events are examined. Previous analysis of the 2‐day rain events during the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Madden‐Julian Oscillation Investigation Experiment (AMIE)/Dynamics of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) field campaign data revealed two distinct phases of convective clustering. Using a cloud‐system‐resolving model, we perform a series of intervention experiments to investigate the underlying mechanisms for convective clustering in each phase. In the developing phase, in addition to previously emphasized processes such as the cold pool‐updraft interaction and moisture‐convection feedbacks, our results show that the vertical wind shear in the lower free troposphere is a critical factor for convective clustering. Stronger lower free‐tropospheric wind shear increases the entrainment of environmental air into updrafts and prevents convective clouds from being omnipresent. This result suggests that stronger vertical wind shear in the lower free troposphere can help spatially organize the convection, even for non–squall‐line‐type convective systems. In the decaying phase, the cold pool‐updraft interaction becomes less effective in aggregating convective clouds because the boundary layer is widely cooled by stratiform precipitation. Instead, the mesoscale downdraft driven by the stratiform precipitation becomes the dominant factor to maintain the relatively aggregated convection. Additionally, removing horizontal variations in radiative heating has no impact on convective clustering on this 2‐day time scale, even in the decaying phase when stratiform clouds are widespread. The implication of these results for improving the representation of mesoscale convective organization in convection schemes is discussed.
Particle‐Based Tracking of Cold Pool Gust Fronts
Authors: Henneberg Olga , Meyer Bettina , Haerter Jan O. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe gust fronts of convective cold pools (CPs) are increasingly recognized as loci of enhanced triggering for subsequent convective cells. It has so far been difficult to track these gust fronts in high‐resolution data, such as large eddy simulations (LES)—rendering mechanistic analysis of CP interaction incomplete. Here, a simple tracking method is defined, tested, and applied, which uses horizontal advection and a condition on horizontal divergence, to emit tracers at the perimeter of surface precipitation patches. Tracers are then reliably transported to the gust front, yielding closed bands marking the CP boundary. The method thereby allows analysis of the dynamics also along the gust front, which allows to identify point‐like loci of pronounced updrafts. The tracking works well for a single idealized CP and reliably tracks a population of CPs in a midlatitude diurnal cycle. As the method uniquely links CPs and their tracers to a specific parent precipitation cell, it may be useful for the analysis of interactions in evolving CP populations.
High-security-level multi-dimensional optical storage medium: nanostructured glass embedded with LiGa5O8: Mn2+ with photostimulated luminescence
Authors: Lin Shisheng , Lin Hang , Ma Chonggeng , Cheng Yao , Ye Sizhe , Lin Fulin , Li Renfu , Xu Ju , Wang Yuansheng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe launch of the big data era puts forward challenges for information preservation technology, both in storage capacity and security. Herein, a brand new optical storage medium, transparent glass ceramic (TGC) embedded with photostimulated LiGa5O8: Mn2+ nanocrystals, capable of achieving bit-by-bit optical data write-in and read-out in a photon trapping/detrapping mode, is developed. The highly ordered nanostructure enables light–matter interaction with high encoding/decoding resolution and low bit error rate. Importantly, going beyond traditional 2D optical storage, the high transparency of the studied bulk medium makes 3D volumetric optical data storage (ODS) possible, which brings about the merits of expanded storage capacity and improved information security. Demonstration application confirmed the erasable–rewritable 3D storage of binary data and display items in TGC with intensity/wavelength multiplexing. The present work highlights a great leap in photostimulated material for ODS application and hopefully stimulates the development of new multi-dimensional ODS media.