bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Dynamic Sealing Characteristics in an Elevated Flare
Authors: Zhang Shicheng , Xue Maomei , Tan Ling , Zhang Jing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Elevated flare is currently the most widely used flare systems in refineries and petrochemical, natural gas and coal gasification industries. Waste gases from upstream process must be burnt before releasing to the atmosphere. The emissions of combustible exhaust gases usually have large turndown ratios. The size of the flare is designed according to the maximum discharge condition. However, in the case of small flow rates, combustion can be highly unstable which affects the safety of the system. In practice, a dynamic seal is often installed on the flare header to prevent oxygen penetration. Inert gas is purged into the system to maintain a micro-positive pressure inside the flare header. Typically, the appropriate purge gas rate is decided on engineering experience which may not be able to ensure the operation safety. In this study, we carried out numerical simulations and experiments to investigate the fluid dynamics and oxygen concentration within a flare model. Typical working conditions are tested in experiment for validation purpose. The safe and economical purging speed is explored as well as the influencing factors to provide calculation methods and basis for the dynamic seal design.
Empirical Analysis of R&D Investment, Industrial Structure Transformation and Development of High-tech Industry in Guangdong Province——Based on Time Series Data from 2003-2018
Authors: Zhong Jiayi , Tang Yan , Zhong Jiayi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The transition from high-speed growth to high-quality development is the basic strategy for China’s current economic development. The essence of high-quality development lies in releasing the vitality, innovation and competitiveness of the economy. The key lies in technological innovation and technology diffusion. This paper uses the relevant theories and methods of econometrics to conduct an empirical analysis on the relationship between the output value of high-tech industries and R&D investment, industrial structure transformation in Guangdong Province from 2003 to 2018. The results show: When the R&D expenditure (X1) of Guangdong Province changes by 1% in 2003-2018, the output value of high-tech industry (Y) changes by an average of 0.9981%. When the ratio of the output value of the second industry to the output value of the tertiary industry (X2) changes by 1 unit, the output value of the new technology industry (Y) changes by an average of 86.86%. At the same time, it also found some characteristics of the development of manufacturing and service industries in Guangdong Province, which provided a certain idea for Guangdong to cultivate new kinetic energy for economic development and promote high-quality development.
Comprehensive Energy Efficiency Assessment of Energy Internet Based on Entropy Weight Method
Authors: Guoi Lei , Wangl Linyu , Wang Yongli , Zhang Yuanyuan , Dong Huanran , Zhang Danyang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In recent years, with the depletion of fossil energy and the aggravation of environmental crisis, the contradiction between the development of human society and traditional energy institutions has become increasingly prominent. The worldwide demand for energy supply and structural transformation has increased, and the energy industry has spawned many development directions. This paper analyses the boundaries of comprehensive energy efficiency evaluation oriented to energy internet, constructs the index system of comprehensive energy efficiency evaluation, expounds the calculation methods of each index, gives the evaluation benchmarks, and establishes a comprehensive energy efficiency evaluation method with energy analysis as the core. Finally, an example is given to analyze the evaluation method based on the actual data to realize the effective evaluation of comprehensive energy efficiency, and to verify the integrity of the index system and the effectiveness of the evaluation method.
Numerical simulation of secondary sedimentation tank based on population balance model
Authors: Yang Ni , Wen Yue 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A technical method of grid flocculation wells is proposed to control the effects of heterogeneous flow on the flow regime and the removal efficiency of suspended solids in the secondary sedimentation tank. The flocculation and sedimentation of activated sludge in sedimentation tanks were simulated by a combination of population balance model (PBM) and computational fluid dynamics. Compared with the prototype of the flocculation well, the grid split the vortex under inertia and the turbulence of the grid, which increased water viscosity, improved the energy dissipation of the flocculation well by more than 40%. The energy consumed by the viscous action provided the power for flocculation of the activated sludge, and reduced the volume fraction of particles with a particle size of less than 98μm by over 50%. After the addition of No. 2.5 (grid interval is 25 mm) and No. 3.5 (grid interval is 35 mm) grids, the concentration of effluent suspended solids was reduced by 29.3% and 69.4% respectively, compared with the prototype. The average suspended solids concentration of the No. 3.5 model of the actual optimization was 9.2 mg L-1, which was similar to the simulation results, indicating the effectiveness of the optimization method.
Process Control Analysis of Modern Chemical Instruments and Chemical Automation
Authors: Cao Xiaofeng , Zou Shuhui , Wang Dandan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper analyzes the relevant content of modern industrial automation, combines the meaning of modern industrial production and the types of chemical instruments, and studies the modern process instrument and chemical automation in the process of programming, calculation, memory, complex function and fault function. In this paper, the control measures aim to improve the stability of the use of modern industrial instruments and promote the rapid development of the industry economy.
Optimization of Removal of Lignin from Corn Stover by Urea
Authors: Wang Shuang , Li Hongxia , Wang Wen , Zhang Junjie , Hongyu Li 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Corn stover in rich source was taken as the research object. The pre-treatment process of corn stover by urea was proposed. The effects of urea amount, temperature, time and the ratio of solid-liquid on the degradation of lignin were investigated. The results showed that urea had a definite degradation effect on lignin and hemicellulose in corn stover. The optimum experimental conditions were as follows: 8g corn stover, 0.8g urea and 80ml water were added in triangle bottle. The degradation was carried out for 4 h shocked with 170 r/min speed in a thermostatic water bath oscillator at 60°C temperature. The degradation rate of lignin was about 40%. The regent of urea was environment friendly and the method was prospect for practical application.
Discussion and Consideration on Key Issues of Coal Power Development in China
Authors: Yan Xiaoqing , Yang Jie , Huang Xinting 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Coal power generation capacity has exceeded 1 billion kilowatts in China currently. As the ballast stone and stabilizer in the field of energy and power, coal power attracted more and more considerations today. A reasonable and scientific planning is important to power system security and efficiency, especially the coal power development path. The full-cycle coal power cost model used in the power expanding planning is proposed in this paper, in order to optimize the power capacity in the future. Based on this method, the peak capacity of coal power is evaluated firstly. Then the peak awareness and bottom line thinking principle are put forward based on the analysis above. Finally, the external cost internalization and flexibility transformation of coal power are discussed, which are the main issues in the coal power industry nowadays.
Perspective of China’s energy strategy from world trend based on a combined Fuzzy-Logarithmic and Fuzzy-Topsis method
Authors: Yan Xiaoqing , Zheng Kuan , Yang Jie , Huang Xinting 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The downward pressure of the world economy is increasing, with a rising populism tends and geopolitics turbulence. The emerging economy led by China turns into the main body of energy market increment. The global energy supply and demand pattern is undergoing profound changes, which makes energy strategy more and more important. Based on the evolution practice analysis of energy strategy in typical countries proposed by our team, several important paths of energy strategy in China are identified firstly. Meanwhile, a combined Fuzzy-Logarithmic and Fuzzy-Topsis method is proposed in this paper in order to rank the key points of energy strategy, especially considering the energy strategy issues are always complex and difficult to quantify. Finally, seven strategy paths are evaluated by priority, which are demanded-oriented reform, mitigating institutional mechanisms contradictions, energy technology breakthrough, global energy governance, energy enterprise synthesis strength improvement, energy finance system construction and integrated energy system construction. It is expected that the advice proposed in this paper is beneficial to our energy industry.
Study on Adoption of Building Information Modelling in Reducing Construction Waste in Malaysia
Authors: Vasudevan Gunalaan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper is study of the adoption of Building Information Modelling (BIM)be adopted in finding a salient solution to the long-going predicament of management and minimisation of construction wastes in Malaysia. In doing so, the focus has been on the identification of ways BIM technologies could be introduced, the proclamation of its advantages in comparison to conventional methods and systems as well as the challenges the Malaysian construction industry and its players faced in pushing forward a formalised and standardised implementation of BIM in significantly reducing the amounts of construction wastes generated by the industry. The research, in answering the aim and objectives of the study was conducted by reviewing past, relevant literatures as well as through the distribution of questionnaire survey to industry players. The questionnaire was distributed to 135 industry players located in the Klang Valley and 91 out of 135 distributed questionnaires were returned and thus, perused in conducting the research analyses. Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package Social Science (SPSS) software were utilised in analysing and presenting the collected data. The analyses of data revealed that the adoption of BIM in Malaysia is relatively stagnant and happens at a low rate. Poor waste management and minimisation plans, poor awareness on the importance of such plans coupled with lack of demand from clients are regarded as the main reasons as to why this waste reduction has become a mare’s nest. In response to that, effective planning and scheduling of activities, effortless synchronisation of project design, site and materials together with detection of errors, discrepancies and clashes were chosen as the most important BIM-based benefits that could tackle this issue down once a proper implementation is set in place.
Research on Strapdown Inertial Navigation and Laser Doppler Combination Navigating Algorithm
Authors: Li Yongqiang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the current strapdown inertial navigation system, there are errors in the calculation model set by the airborne computer and the accuracy of related equipment, and the errors accumulate over time, which will lead to lower navigation accuracy and larger speed deviation. In order to solve the above problems, a new integrated navigation algorithm is proposed in this paper, which takes strapdown inertial navigation system as the main body and calculates the velocity and attitude of the aircraft. Laser Doppler assisted velocity measurement system is used as the auxiliary navigation system to correct and eliminate the velocity error of strapdown inertial navigation system. At the same time, Kalman filter technology is used to modify the velocity data of integrated navigation system. The simulation results show that the integrated navigation algorithm can reduce the speed error and improve the navigation accuracy, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the integrated navigation algorithm.
Bit Optimization for Che 47 in Carboniferous Stratum
Authors: Sun Xiaorui , Wu Baichuan , Ye Cheng , Han Fuwei , Zhang Nan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The Carboniferous in the Well 47 area is dense and hard, with strong abrasiveness and low mechanical drilling speed. According to the correlation between the logging and the completed drilling data in the Carboniferous system, the lithology distribution of the strata in the Che 47 well area was determined, and the bit selection was carried out in combination with the bit wear and broken teeth. At the same time, the optimized drill bit was applied on site. The field data shown that the lithology of the Carboniferous strata in the Well 47 was complex. The upper strata are soft and hard, and the lithology of the lower stratum was dense and hard. The optimized drill bit could increase the drilling speed of the whole well by 4.63 times and the average drill bit increase by 3.84. It achieved the purpose of drilling speed increase, and achieved good application results.
The surface tension effect on flexoelectric energy harvesting based on isogeometric analysis
Authors: Li Kaichun , Chengbin Du 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Surface tension can cause important deformations in fluids but is usually overlooked in solids. Recent work has shown that surface tension can become significant in the deformations of soft solids. Here, we present an isogeometric-analysis-based numerical example of cantilever beams under a point load for modeling the influences of surface tension on the flexoelectric energy harvesting system. The interface of the fluid/solid is implicitly represented using level set method. These results show that the maximum electric potential decreases when the number of liquid inclusions increases. However, the electric potential near the solid/liquid interface increases when considering the surface tension effect.
Fracture failure analysis of high-speed shaft
Authors: Ren Facai , Wu Xinghua , Tang Xiaoying 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The fracture failure causes of a high-speed shaft in a hoisting gearbox were analyzed based on the optical microscope and scanning electron microscope analysis. The results show that the fracture failure cause of the high-speed shaft is fatigue. Surface defects, such as machining tool marks and folded cracks, are the source of fatigue fracture under stress.
Research and Application of Self-tuning PID Regulator
Authors: Wang Xiaoxia 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In industrial production, the application of PID regulators is becoming more widespread. Among them, the self-tuning PID regulator is used by many products in the production process because of its unique advantages. The self-tuning PID regulator refers to a controller that includes a parameter self-tuning of a proportional control module, an integral control module, and a differential control module. The proportional control unit is used to generate a stable error, the integral control unit is used to eliminate the error signal, and the differential control unit is used to handle the effects of the hysteresis component. The parameters of the PID regulator for parameter setting mainly include the Z2N method, the 4:1 attenuation method and the critical proportional method. The steps of PID parameter tuning include adjusting the proportional gain, integral time constant, differential time constant, and parameter trimming. It is necessary to adjust the parameters from the aspects of speed, efficiency, stability, etc., so that the parameters complement each other and continuously improve the overall performance of the system.
Research on dynamic deformation monitoring of viaduct based on digital camera
Authors: Zhipeng Liu , Tonglong Zhao , Yongbao Zhao , Chengxin Yu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In order to realize dynamic deformation monitoring of viaduct and provide data support for safe operation of viaduct, this paper studies the application of digital camera in dynamic deformation monitoring of viaduct. Firstly, the digital camera is corrected to eliminate the aberration, then the corrected digital camera is used to collect data, and then the time baseline parallax method is used to calculate the data, and finally the operation status of the viaduct is obtained through the analysis of the data. The experiment shows that the viaduct is in good operation and use digital camera as monitoring equipment, the dynamic deformation monitoring of viaduct is realized, which is of great significance to the safe operation of viaduct.
The method of prediction of roof collapse hidden trouble in the roadway of No.2 in Anjialing
Authors: Pengde Sang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The thickness and strength of strata composing roof stratum will change a lot because of the change of coal forming environments and long time geological evolution. Only knowing these changes exactly, we can get the right design and prevent roof collapse. We can get the thickness, relative position and location of cracks and roof separation of strata with the changing of length of roadway at any time, and design the roof of roadway dynamically according to the lithology and combination changes of roof. In accordance with these, we can ensure not only the economic, but also safety in production.
Evaluation on functional Importance of Regional Landscape Elements of Highway
Authors: Wang Yuwen , Pan Shaobing , Wei Xianwei , Jiang Haifeng , Liu Zhiqiang , Yuan Minmin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Highway regional landscape elements are an important part of highway landscape, which can play an attractive exploration of the unique landscape effect. The infiltration of regional landscape elements of expressway can make drivers and tourists experience the local conditions and customs in the region through which they pass, and also enable the staff of the Department to understand the local economic characteristics and bring business opportunities to the economic development of the region. This paper uses analytic hierarchy process to rank the importance of five regional factors. The results show that representativeness and influence are the two most important factors.
Neutral Point Potential Balancing Control for NPC Three-Level Inverter Based on Space Vector Modulation
Authors: Hang Xia , Jie Zhang , HongXi Yang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper introduced the topology and space vector modulation strategy of NPC three-level inverter. A method of judging the sector where the reference vector located is proposed. The cause of neutral-point potential unbalancing is analyzed. In order to solve neutral-point voltage balancing problem, a control method fully utilizing redundant voltage vectors is proposed. Simulation results verified the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method.
γ-Fe2O3 as a novel Electron Transporting Material for Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells by simple Room-Temperature Solution method
Authors: Guo Ying , He Hongcai 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
α-Fe2O3 has been demonstrated to be a promising electron transporting material (ETL) for fabricating efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with good stability under ultraviolet light compared to the commonly used TiO2. However, α-Fe2O3 films need to be processed over 500 °C, which is a serious impediment to fabricate devices on the flexible substrates. Herein, γ-Fe2O3, which could be deposited onto the substrates under room temperature, would be an alternative magnetic ETL with a reasonable performance. We report that pure and fine nano-sized γ-Fe2O3 particles can be synthesized below 200 °C and the corresponding compact layers have been fabricated by a simple room-temperature solution process. The methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) PSCs based on γ-Fe2O3 show a power conversion efficiency of 12.86% with a short circuit current (Jsc) of 21.79 mA/cm2, an open circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 0.93 V and a fill factor (FF) of 63.3%. These results indicate a possible direction for preparing flexible perovskite solar cells.
Performance analysis on electromagnet assembly of elevator brake
Authors: Ren Facai , Wu Xinghua , Tang Xiaoying 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The performance of electromagnet assembly of a elevator brake was analyzed based on the microhardness test, microscrostructure and chemical composition analysis. The results show that the microstructures of inner wall are mainly ferrite and large flake pearlite with relatively high carbon content and the microstructures of the plunger are mainly ferrite with very low carbon and a small amount of tertiary cementite.
Study on properties of citric acid to magnesium oxysulfide cement
Authors: Zong Jingping , Wu Chengyou , Luo Kejia , Zhou Jiaqi , Miao Meng 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Magnesium oxysulfide cement (MOS) is an emerging building material. The application of MOS in practical engineering is affected by the low mechanical properties, which can now be modified by some admixtures. In this paper, the mechanical properties and hydration heat release of citric acid (CA)-modified MOS were studied, and the phase composition and microstructure of hydration products were analyzed by SEM and XRD. The results show that the addition of CA modified MOS can reduce MgO direct hydration of Mg(OH)2, promote the formation of a large number of needle-shaped 5Mg(OH)2 ·MgSO4·7H2O (5·1·7) phase crystals, and the compressive strength is greatly improved. When the CA dosage is 0.5%, the mechanics of MOS Best performance. The clotting time of the MOS modified with CA is slightly prolonged.
Research of The Calculation Method for round-end concrete-filled steel tube under the eccentric load
Authors: Wang Erlei , Xie Jianxiong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Round-end concrete-filled steel tube (RCFST) columns have been applied to bridge structures. There is not the formula of RCFST under the eccentric load in code. Based on the equation of axial force and moment, the basic correlation equations of the strength and stability capacity of concrete-filled steel tube under the eccentric load are obtained through theoretical derivation. Formula results compared with finite element simulation results show results are in good agreement.
Performance simulation analysis and comparison of different shearing mild steel dampers
Authors: Tian Zhen , Sun Jianyun , Zhao Yongxi , Luo Ye , Liang Yanfang , Li Wei , Zhai Minghui , Li Jinli , Li Yuting , He Jiangtao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Mild steel dampers are widely used in the field of engineering structures energy dissipation and seismic reduction because of its advantages such as easy manufacturing, low cost and easy installation and replacement. In order to analyse and compare the performance of the different mild steel dampers, eight different shape shearing mild steel dampers are designed in this paper, and the simulation analysis is conducted using Finite Element Method (FEM) of ABAQUS/Standard. And the bearing capacity, initial stiffness and energy dissipation capacity of the different shearing mild stell dampers are compared according to the simulation results. The analysis and comparison results show that the performance of shearing mild steel damper is greatly affected by its shape. Therefore, the different shearing mild steel dampers should be selected reasonably according to the engineering requirements.