bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Ores of the Kedrovskoe–Irokinda Ore Field (Northern Transbaikalia)
Authors: Plotinskaya O.Yu. , Chugaev A.V. , Bondar D.B. , Abramova V.D. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
—Ore mineralogy of the Kedrovskoe–Irokinda ore field (northern Transbaikalia) has been studied. The ore field comprises ca. 200 quartz veins. Vein 3 and the Kvartsevaya and Serebryakovskaya veins of the Irokinda deposit and the Shamanovskaya, Pineginskaya, Osinovaya, and Barguzinskaya veins of the Kedrovskoe deposit have been described. Quartz–pyrite assemblage (quartz-1, pyrite, pyrrhotite, and marcasite) and quartz–gold–sulfide assemblage (quartz-2, galena, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, electrum, fahlore, Ag tellurides, and sulfosalts of Ag, Cu, Sb, Pb, and Sn) have been revealed. Major ore minerals were investigated by EPMA and LA-ICP-MS. An increase in Ag content in electrum (from 5.5 to 72.4 wt.%) and fahlores (from 5 to 35 wt.%) and in the abundance of Ag minerals during the ore formation has been established. Galena contains impurities of Sb and Ag (thousands of ppm), Se, Cd, Te, and Bi (hundreds of ppm), Cu, Zn, As, and Sn (tens of ppm). It is shown that the Kedrovskoe–Irokinda ore field is a rare type of orogenic deposits with considerable variations in the composition of major ore minerals (electrum, sphalerite, and fahlores), which is explained by the diversity of the host rocks.
Hydrocarbon Gases of the Gorevoi Utes Underwater Oil-Gas Seep (Lake Baikal, Russia)
Authors: Kalmychkov G.V. , Egorov A.V. , Hachikubo A. , Khlystov O.M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
—We investigated the molecular and stable isotope compositions of hydrocarbon gases of the Gorevoi Utes oil–gas seep (Lake Baikal) characterized by a simultaneous discharge of oil and gas from the lake floor. It has been found that these hydrocarbon gases are mostly thermogenic methane (δ13C–C1 = –53.9 to –38.8‰; δ13C–C2 = –23.4 to –33.3‰). At the same time, the gases have a minor amount of C2+, seldom reaching 10%. The C1/C2+ value varies from 9 to 2700, with the average value being 807, which is atypical of petroleum hydrocarbons. We suggest that degassing of oil leaking to the lake floor affects the molecular composition of such gases. Some secondary processes, primarily molecular fractionation of gas during its migration into the subsurface sediments and anaerobic biodegradation of methane homologues, contribute to the decrease in C2+ content.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORAL REEFS CONDITION WITH THE EXISTENCE OF ORNAMENTAL CORALS IN SALEH BAY, WEST NUSA TENGGARA
Authors: Johan Ofri , Yulius Yulius , Salim Hadiwijaya Lesmana , Ardi Idil , Abrar Muhammad 
Published: October 2019

The ornamental corals as trade target are imported from West Nusa Tenggara. This province is a collection zone for ornamental corals, but rarely conduct coral condition monitoring and also observation of the existence of ornamental corals. The purpose of this study was to get data of ornamental corals existence and coral reefs conditions in Saleh Bay. Research was conducted on May 6–11, 2015 at 6 locations based on the distance from the mainland with the representation of two representative spots on each location, such as in-shore, mid-shore and off-shore. The research used line intercept transect method to obtain coral reefs condition data and the belt transect method to obtain the ornamental corals data. The results obtained were as follows: coral reefs condition were in good condition with the life coral cover was above 50%, except at station 4 (mid-shore). Acropora colonies were more common in off-shore locations (station 5 and 6). The substrate was dominated by rubble and dead coral with algae (DCA). The trade-targeted ornamental corals were found in 28 genera, such as Euphyllia glabrescens, Euphyllia cristata, Euphyllia ancora, Echinophora sp., Goniopora sp., Lobophyllia sp., Physogyra sp., Merulina sp. and Turbinaria sp. Because of the low existence of ornamental corals at observation sites, collaborative observation with ornamental corals collectors should be conducted for determining the exact location of ornamental corals collecting zones.
THE USE OF ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES WHEN RECEIVING GOVERNMENT SERVICES OF THE PENSION FUND OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Kolmakov S. V. 
Published: October 2019

The provision of state services in electronic form today is one of the innovative directions of development of mechanisms for implementing the functions of state bodies. This was made possible by the improvement of information technology and the use of electronic signatures to give legal significance to documents in electronic form. The article raises the legal and technical issues of using electronic signatures in the practice of providing public services to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation in electronic form.In the first part of the article, based on an analysis of federal regulatory legal acts in the field of public services and the use of electronic signatures, it is concluded about the types of electronic signatures used in the provision of public services in electronic form, as well as by what means the applicant can check the availability and validity of the electronic signature on received documents as a result of the provision of services.The second part analyzes the use of electronic signatures in the provision of two selective government services of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation (informing insured persons about the status of their individual personal accounts in the compulsory pension insurance system and informing citizens about the category of citizens of pre-retirement age) through the Unified portal of public services and the personal account of the insured Pension Fund of the Russian Federation website. The author verifies the validity of electronic signatures on documents obtained as a result of an experiment using the services of the Unified Portal of State Services and a commercial accredited Certification Authority.
Instrumental and Methodologicalaspects of the segmentation of Regional Labour Markets Using Qualification characteristics
Authors: Harkin V. V. 
Published: October 2019

Purpose: the main purpose of this article is to improve forecast-oriented management of the segmentation of regional labour markets for the professions that are in greatest demand in the main groups of the All-Russian Classifier of Occupations. The following tasks should be addressed towards this goal: 1) to group Subjects of the Russian Federation and identify, on forecast basis, the influence factors behind the dynamics of the vacanciesposted; 2) todevelopatoolkitandprioritisetheinfluencefactorsestablishedandtheirinter-relationshiplevel; 3) to preparegroupingsof the regions with the maximum number of vacancies posted in the All-Russian Database of Vacancies for the most needed professions, specialities, and occupations as per the ОК010-2014 All-Russian Classifier of Occupations using the results of two waves of longitudinal investigation; 4) to justify the methodology and toolkit for calculating the integral ratings of Subjects of the Russian Federation; 5) to find out, on an expert basis, the level of high technology employers’ interaction with job centres; and 6) to summarise the instrumental and methodologicalaspects developed and the proposed measures for qualification-based management of the segmentation of regional labour markets.Methods: this article is based on the introduction of elements of a forecast-oriented approach to employment support using the results of regular monitoring efforts by the Russian Ministry of Labour in this area.Results: the article shows that the increase in the number of the vacancies posted by employers in the “Work in Russia” All-Russian Database of Vacancies results from their active engagement with job centres, raises the level of the realisation of businesses’ needs for skilled and professional employees and relieves tensions in regional labour markets. Support of employment is closely related to labour productivity growth, particularly in high technology sectors.Conclusions and Relevance: the materials discussed in the article present elements of forecast-oriented management of job centres aimed at regional labour markets’ segments for the professions and skilled levels required by them. The studies presented develop labour market economics with a view to better regulation of demand for and supply of employees with the required qualifications in the light of the current challenges, including the digitalisation of the economy. The practical use of the results of this article will help update the practice of management of the employment authorities at the federal, inter-regional and regional levels in the light of the results of the “Labour Productivity and Support of Employment” national project that is being implemented.
Saccharification of Orange Bagasse Pre-treated with Calcium Hydroxide using an enzymatic blend Diluted Hydrochloric Acid
Authors: Pires Nogueira Danielle , Ferreira Rosa Paula Rubia , Aparecida Seolatto Araceli , Galeano Suarez Carlos Alberto , Ferreira Freitas Fernanda 
Published: October 2019

Enzymatic and dilute acid processes were applied to study the orange bagasse hydrolysis. The moisture, ashes, lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose contents, of the orange peels, were quantified. The xylanase and cellulase enzymes activities were quantified, as well as their optimum pH and temperatures. The pre dried orange peel biomass was pre-treated with calcium hydroxide, at preestablished conditions. The hydrolysis followed a central composite factorial 2³ design. The cellulase activity was 28.05x10-6 FPU (Filter Paper Units)/m3, the optimum pH was 4.8 and the temperature was 60°C. The results for xylanase were an activity of 199.58x10-3 U/Kg, pH 5.2, and temperature 50°C. The acid hydrolysis TRS (total reducing sugars) values varied from (9.328±0.68 mg)*10-3 TRS per Kg of biomass to (30.15±0.31)*10-3 mg TRS per Kg biomass, the most significant factor was the temperature and the least the time. The enzymatic hydrolysis TRS values varied from (77.33±3.82)*10-3 mg TRS per Kg biomass to (99.66±0.62)*10-3 mg TRS per Kg biomass, the most significant factor was the concentration of cellulase and the least the xylanase concentration.
Open Universities: Innovative Past, Challenging Present, and Prospective Future
Authors: Guri-Rosenblit Sarah 
Published: October 2019

This article examines the innovative past of the large-scale, single-mode open universities that follow the model of the UK Open University (UKOU), analyzes the main challenges which they are currently facing in the digital era, and concludes with highlighting leading prospects for their future operation.
The establishment of the UKOU in 1969 marked a new era in distance higher education. It gave distance education a new legitimacy and opened up new prospects for populations that for a variety of reasons were unable to attend a campus-based university. Many of the new open universities were heralded as a conspicuous development in higher education, with innovative features such as: open access, reaching out to part-time adult students, providing academic faculty the opportunity to work in teams to prepare study materials, modular credit accumulation, teaching huge numbers of students, and harnessing innovative technologies into their teaching/learning processes.
In the last three decades, many of these innovative characteristics pioneered by open universities have been adopted by campus universities. This has eroded the unique status of open universities in many national jurisdictions. Furthermore, the emergence of digital technologies has challenged the underlying premises of the industrial model of many open universities, as well as their logistic operation. Present challenges facing open universities emerge from: blurred boundaries between distance and campus universities; the changing of initial target populations; the need to restructure the technological and logistic infrastructure of open universities; the changing roles of the academic faculty; and the growing competition for both students and funds. In order to find success and keep being relevant in the future, open universities should take into consideration: future target populations; the use of MOOCs and OER; support systems for both students and professors; collaboration with other higher education institutions; collaboration with the corporate and work worlds; and enhancing the academic status of open universities.
Facebook out of control? A technically-mediated autonomous technology
Authors: Jurno Amanda Chevtchouk 
Published: October 2019

On the controversy triggered by the influence of the so-called “fake news” that circulated on Facebook in the 2016 United States presidential elections, we notice the emergence of an idea of “control of technology”, both in the platform’s official publications and steps announced after the event, and in the specialized media demands. In order to refute the idea of total control of technology and defend the recognition of the action of nonhuman elements, thus contributing to a better understanding of the platform’s actions, we use the concepts of “autonomous technology”, by Langdon Winner (1977), and “technical mediation”, by Bruno Latour (1994). Methodologically, we were inspired by the Cartography of Controversies (VENTURINI, 2010) and worked with content collected through the platform’s official pages and media vehicles that covered the event from July 2016 to July 2018.
Fracture of the Supracondylar Process in a Child
Authors: Gamble James G. , Krygier Jeffrey E. 
Published: October 2019

Case:
A 5-year-9-month-old boy sustained a fracture of the supracondylar process of the distal humerus. The fracture healed with cast immobilization and with no neurovascular complications. Magnetic resonance imaging showed the medial nerve and the brachial artery to be located under the ligament of Struthers that extended from the supracondylar process to the medial epicondyle.

Conclusions:
Fracture of the supracondylar process of the humerus in children is rare and easy to misdiagnose, but once discovered, the fracture can be treated successfully with cast immobilization and without compromise to the neurovascular structures passing under the ligament of Struthers.
Prevalence and determinants of test anxiety among medical students in Addis Ababa Ethiopia
Authors: Girmay Light Tsegaye , Shumet Shegaye , Damene Woynabeba , Gebreegzihabhier Gebrselassie , Ayano Getinet 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background
Worldwide, problematic test anxiety is a common health problem among medical students. The magnitude of problematic test anxiety ranges from 25 to 40% in undergraduate medical students and has a detrimental effect on academic achievement and success of students. However, data on the prevalence of test anxiety among medical students is limited. Thus, the study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of test anxiety among medical students.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, a stratified random sampling technique was used to select the participants. The level of test anxiety was determined by the Westside Test Anxiety Inventory (WTAI). We utilized logistic regression to explore the association between test anxiety and the potential sociodemographic/student-related characteristics among medical students.
Results
The study included 423 medical students. Our study resulted the prevalence of problematic test anxiety among medical students to be 52.30% (95% CI 47.40-57.30). The prevalence of test anxiety was remarkably higher in women (79.75%) than in men (33.62%) students. Female sex [AOR=3.25, 95% CI: (1.54, 6.89)], having low grade [AOR=0.11,95% CI: (0.044,0.288)], being first year [AOR=10.55,95% CI: (1.4,76.7)], excessive course load [AOR=6.128,95% CI: (2.675,14.039)], and taking oral examination [AOR=2.89,95% CI: (1.42,5.84)] were determined as some of the predicting factors of test anxiety among medical students. Additionally, lack of systemic study plan [AOR=2.4,95% CI: (1.25,4.59)], poor social support [AOR=3.6,95% CI: (1.56,8.29)], moderate social support [AOR=3.39,95% CI: (1.56,7.4)], psychologically distressed [AOR=2.68,95% CI: (1.37,5.27)] independently predicts test anxiety among medical students.
Conclusion
Findings suggest that a substantial percentage of medical students had problematic test anxiety in Ethiopia (52.30%). This study also showed a significant association between test anxiety and female sex, having poor grade point average, being the first year, excessive course load, oral examination, lack of study plan, poor social support, moderate social support, and having psychological distress. Problematic test anxiety, which is found to be common among medical students, deserves more attention.
Development and Validation of a Brief Self-Assessed Wisdom Scale
Authors: Fung Sai-fu , Chow Esther Oi-wah , Cheung Chau-kiu 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background

This longitudinal study aimed to develop a nine-item Brief Self-Assessed Wisdom Scale (BSAWS) derived from the original 40-item Self-Assessed Wisdom Scale (SAWS).

Methods

The psychometric properties of the shortened scale were evaluated based on a sample of 157 older adults. The factor structure and dimensionality of the original SAWS were examined using confirmatory factor analysis. Subsequent explorative factor analysis of the BSAWS supported the construct validity of the shortened scale.

Results

The internal consistency, criterion validity and construct validity of the shortened scale were also evaluated and the results indicated that the BSAWS possesses good psychometric properties and is comparable with the full version.

Conclusions

This scale refinement may help researchers and practitioners conduct epistemological surveys or clinical research related to wisdom.
Relationships between changes in HIV risk perception and condom use in east Zimbabwe 2003-2013: Population-based longitudinal analyses
Authors: Schaefer Robin , Thomas Ranjeeta , Maswera Rufurwokuda , Kadzura Noah , Nyamukapa Constance , Gregson Simon 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Perceiving a personal risk for HIV infection is considered important for engaging in HIV prevention behaviour and often targeted in HIV prevention interventions. However, there is limited evidence for assumed causal relationships between risk perception and prevention behaviour and the degree to which change in behaviour is attributable to change in risk perception is poorly understood. This study examines longitudinal relationships between changes in HIV risk perception and in condom use and the public health importance of changing risk perception. Methods: Data on sexually active, HIV-negative adults (15-54 years) were taken from four surveys of a general-population open-cohort study in Manicaland, Zimbabwe (2003-2013). Increasing condom use between surveys was modelled in generalised estimating equations dependent on change in risk perception between surveys. Accounting for changes in other socio-demographic and behavioural factors, regression models examined the bi-directional relationship between risk perception and condom use, testing whether increasing risk perception is associated with increasing condom use and whether increasing condom use is associated with decreasing risk perception. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were estimated. Results: 1988 males and 3715 females participated in ≥2 surveys, contributing 8426 surveys pairs. Increasing risk perception between two surveys was associated with higher odds of increasing condom use (males: adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.85-2.28, PAF=3.39%; females: aOR=1.41 [1.06-1.88], PAF=6.59%), adjusting for changes in other socio-demographic and behavioural factors. Those who decreased risk perception were also more likely to increase condom use (males: aOR=1.76 [1.12-2.78]; females: aOR=1.23 [0.93-1.62]). Conclusions: Results on associations between changing risk perception and increasing condom use support hypothesised effects of risk perception on condom use and effects of condom use on risk perception (down-adjusting risk perception after adopting condom use). However, low proportions of change in condom use were attributable to changing risk perception, underlining the range of factors influencing HIV prevention behaviour and the need for comprehensive approaches to HIV prevention.
Genetic and clinical characterization of BRCA-associated Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer in Navarra (Spain)
Authors: de Sabando Ainara Ruiz , Lafuente Edurne Urrutia , García-Amigot Fermín , Sánchez Ángel Alonso , Garofalo Lourdes Morales , Moreno Sira , Ardanaz Eva , Ramos-Arroyo Maria A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Genetic testing for BRCA1/2 genes is widely used as a strategy to reduce incidence and morbidity of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. The purpose of this study is to analyse the demographic and molecular characteristics of BRCA germline mutations in Navarra, Spain, and to investigate the clinical profile of hereditary and sporadic breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) in the Community. Methods The study includes 1246 individuals assessed for BRCA1/2 genetic testing in Navarra, during 2000-2016, and a cohort of BC (n=4384) and OC (n=561) from the population-based Navarra Cancer Registry. Distribution and molecular characteristics of BRCA1/2 mutations, as well as, comparative analysis of the clinical course, pathologic features and overall survival of patients in different risk groups were investigated. Results BRCA mutation detection rate was 16%, with higher proportion (63%) of BRCA2 families. Nineteen per cent of mutations were recurrent, one of which, BRCA2 c.6024dupG, showed high association to OC. BRCA carriers had double risk (95% CI=1.04-4.33) of developing multiple malignancies than low risk families and were diagnosed at a much earlier age (16.6 and 11.7 years difference for BC and OC, respectively) when compared to the general population. For BC, BRCA carriers showed a more advanced histological stage, higher risk of bilateral neoplasms (OR=4.3; 95% CI=1.3-11.4, for BRCA2 carriers) and worse overall survival rate at 5-, 10- and 15- years, than women with sporadic tumors. For OC, over 70% of patients of all risk groups showed advanced stages at diagnosis, with the highest 91% among BRCA1 carriers (91%). Furthermore, they also had higher probability of developing bilateral tumors (OR=7.8, 95%CI=1.7-55.7) than the general population. Five-year overall survival rate was worse among women with sporadic OC than in BRCA carriers, but it levelled out over the 15-year period. Conclusions This study describes the molecular features of BRCA1/2 mutations in Navarra and defines the clinical course and outcomes of BRCA associated tumors compared with those of sporadic origin. Long term assessment of mortality and survival will be required to evaluate the impact of BRCA genetic testing program on the health of target population in our community.