bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Clinical Characters and Prognosis Analysis on 15 Cases With Malignant Melanoma in the Head and Neck
Authors: Liu Xiaodong , Liu Weixian , Wang Qiuxu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: We analyze the pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and histological feature of Malignant Melanoma in the head and neck. To improve the understanding and help the early diagnosis and treatment of the disease. As a result, improve the treatment and prognosis of Malignant Melanoma in head and neck.Method: We collect 15 cases of Malignant Melanoma in the head and neck region treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University. All data were obtained from patient’s medical records which including the pathogenesis, clinical and histological features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.Result: This study included 15 cases, there are 9 male and 6 female patients. The average age is 62.9 years lid, the oldest one is 75 years old and the youngest one is 40 years old. 2 cases occurred in the lip, 2 cases occurred in the tongue, 2 cases occurred in the submandibular area, 1 cases occurred in the parotid gland, 1 case occurred in the neck, other 7 cases occurred in the gingiva. The cases occurred in the lip, gingiva, tongue, parotid gland and submandibular area are primary tumor, cases occurred in neck were metastasis. 6 cases were treated by surgical excision. 1 cases occurred in gingiva was treated by surgical excision combine with chemotherapy. 5 years followed up has been taken. 10 cases were dead because of recurrence and metastasis in 5 years after the operation. 5 patients do not have a relapse and still alive.Conclusion: Malignant Melanoma in the head and neck are mostly affected the old people. In this study gingiva is the most commonly primary site, neck is the most commonly transferring site. The diagnosis of malignant Melanoma is mainly relying on the clinical manifestation and pathological examination. Histopathological examination is considered the golden standard for diagnosis. Surgical excision combined with chemotherapy is the main treatment modality for Malignant Melanoma. Cryotherapy and immunotherapy also have been used in the treatment. The prognosis of Malignant Melanoma is poor. So early detection and early treatment is important in the treatment.
A cross-sectional study clarifying profiles of patients with diabetes who discontinued pharmacotherapy: reasons and consequences.
Authors: Tominaga Yoshiko , Morisky Donald , Mochizuki Mayumi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Although diabetes is one of the fastest increasing diseases in prevalence worldwide and demands significant medical resources, more than half of all patients with diabetes do not achieve the expected target level of blood glucose. As a potential cause of poor glycemic control, insufficient adherence to medication has long been discussed and variably studied. However, dropout from treatment as another plausible cause has not been fully examined. The aim of this study was to clarify profiles of patients with diabetes who discontinued pharmacotherapy (Discont group) by extracting reasons of their decisions and by comparing results with those who continued (Cont group).Methods: A cross-sectional, internet-based survey was conducted among Japanese with diabetes registered in a database. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of the 8-item version of the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level, and demographic and disease characteristics was completed by all participants. Reasons for medication discontinuation and resumption were also received from participants in the Discont group. To examine the risk of uncontrolled HbA1c, logistic regression analysis was conducted in each group.Results: In the Discont group (148 cases), older age at resumption of pharmacotherapy and current smoking habit increased the probability of uncontrolled HbA1c, whereas in the Cont group (146 cases), a familial history of diabetes and better medication adherence in MMAS-8 scores decreased the probability of uncontrolled HbA1c. A relationship between medication adherence and HbA1c level was seen in the Cont but not in the Discont group. About 70% of those in the Discont group made their decision to terminate diabetes treatment without consulting physicians.Conclusions: Those who discontinued pharmacotherapy were less adherent to medication than those who did not discontinue. Risk factors for glycemic control also differed between those who discontinued and those who did not. More than one-third of participants with diabetes who discontinued pharmacotherapy had inappropriate perceptions of their disease, which medical professionals should be aware of for better inventions.
The promotion of Festuca sinensis heavy metal stress tolerance mediated by Epichloë endophyte
Authors: Wang Meining , Tian Pei , Gao Min , Li Miaomiao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Festuca sinensis is a perennial grass of the genus Festuca, which has strong stress tolerance and high adaptability. F. sinensis normally symbiotic with Epichloë endophyte. In order to evaluate the possibility of F. sinensis-endophyte association as bioremediation grass in heavy metal polluted soils, the effects and mechanism of the F. sinensis-endophyte interaction under heavy metal stress was investigated. Results: The growth performance and physiology variations of F. sinensis with (E+) and without endophyte (E-) were evaluated after they were subjected to Zn2+ and Cd2+ treatments. The results showed that heavy metal treatments had significant effects on plants as the growth indices of plants under Zn2+ and Cd2+ treatments had significant differences compared with plants under control treatment (P<0.05). Zn2+ treatment had positive effects on plants whereas Cd2+ treatment had negative effects. The plants under Cd2+ treatment produced more lolitrem B (P<0.05). Endophyte increased host heavy metal stress tolerance by promoting host growth as the E+ plants had significantly higher plant height, tiller number, root length (P<0.05). Endophyte also promoted host Zn2+ ion absorbing and induced more endogenous hormone production (P<0.05). Conclusions: These results suggested that Epichloë regulated host growth and physiology to improve association tolerance to environmental conditions.
A Case of Primary Hepatic Extranodal Marginal Zone B-cell Lymphoma of Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) type Treated by Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) and Literature Review.
Authors: Xu Zhe , Pang Chong , Sui Jidong , Gao Zhenming 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPrimary hepatic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is an extremely rare liver malignancy and is usually lack characteristic imaging findings, which is often misdiagnosed. Case presentationThe present study reports a case of a 63-year-old woman diagnosed with primary hepatic extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type. The patient received the needle biopsy and radiofrequency ablation and has not shown relapse up for the following 12 months.ConclusionsThis case is reported for its rarity and the treatment for this patient is unique and effective. Our case provides a new option for the treatment of hepatic MALT lymphoma. We also present our findings from a systematic review to improve our current understanding of the disease.
Analysis of Clinicopathological Factors Affecting the Prognosis of Advanced Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated With Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Zhang Zhenhua , Dai Qian , Zhao Yueshui , Xiang Shixin , Xiao Mintao , Du Fukuan , Ji Huijiao , Kaboli Parham Jabbarzadeh , Wu Xu , Li Mingxing , Wen Qinglian , Li Jing , Xiao Zhangang , Shen Jing , Li Li 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveThe clinical data of more than 900 patients with locally advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed for the first time and treated with radical chemoradiotherapy in recent 9 years were analyzed to find important prognostic factors in advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and provide statistics for future research. MethodThe patients were divided into two groups: chemoradiotherapy resistant group and chemoradiotherapy sensitive group. The survival rate and prognostic factors were analyzed using R language. ResultThere was considerable difference in overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) between the two groups, of which the chemoradiotherapy sensitive group is about 10 months longer than the resistant group. In the chemoradiotherapy resistant group, there were more patients with higher staging, higher NLR(neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio), lymph node metastasis, and a total radiotherapy time of more than 8 weeks. For the factors affecting chemoradiotherapy sensitivity, radiotherapy alone rather than simultaneous chemoradiotherapy, late tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and a total time of radiotherapy more than 8 weeks predicts lower sensitivity. ConclusionThe main clinical factors affecting chemoradiotherapy sensitivity were tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and the total time of radiotherapy. Chemoradiotherapy sensitivity, tumor diameter, NLR, PLR (platelet to lymphocyte ratio) and total time of radiotherapy were independent prognostic factors for OS and PFS.
Synthesis of Multi-organo-functionalized Fibrous silica KCC-1 for Highly Efficient Adsorption of Acid Fuchsine and acid Orange II from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Soltani Roozbeh , Pelalak Rasool , Pishnamazi Mahboubeh , Marjani Azam , Shirazian Saeed 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Multi-functionalized fibrous silica KCC-1 (MF-KCC-1) bearing amine, tetrasulfide, and thiol groups was synthesized via a post-functionalization method and fully characterized by several methods such as FTIR, FESEM, EDX-Mapping, TEM, and N2 adsorption-desorption techniques. Due to abundant surface functional groups, accessible active adsorption sites, high surface area (572 m2 g− 1), large pore volume (0.98 cm3 g− 1), and unique fibrous structure, mesoporous MF-KCC-1 was used as a potential adsorbent for the uptake of acid fuchsine (AF) and acid orange II (AO) from water. Different adsorption factors such as pH of the dye solution, the amount of adsorbent, initial dye concentration, and contact time, affecting the uptake process were optimized and isotherm and kinetic studies were conducted to find the possible mechanism involved in the process. for both AF and AO dyes, the Langmuir isotherm model and the PFO kinetic model show the most agreement with the experimental data. The calculated maximum adsorption capacity for AF and AO, according to the Langmuir isotherm, was found to be 574.5 mg g− 1 and 605.9 mg g− 1, respectively, surpassing most adsorption capacities reported until now which is indicative of the high potential of mesoporous MF-KCC-1 as an adsorbent for removal applications.
Increased Trimethylamine N-oxide Contributes to Metabolic dysfunction in a Rat Model of PCOS and Decreases Mitochondrial function
Authors: Jiayu Huang , Jiaying Liu , Hanke Zhang , Yajie Li , Yin Minuo , Guo Jing , Li Chong , Qin Yinhua , Li Jingyu , Gao Ying 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disease in adolescents and women of childbearing age, also a common cause of female infertility. In recent years, studies have found that the occurrence of PCOS is related to changes in the intestinal flora. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is an organic compound produced by intestinal microorganisms. However, the relationship between TMAO and PCOS remain mostly unexplored. The effects of TMAO on PCOS were assessed in vitro and in vivo. In a PCOS rat model, plasma TMAO, hormone and PI3K signaling levels were examined. In the process of in vitro maturation (IVM), immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy were used to detect the influence of adding different TMAO concentrations to the culture medium on oocytes. The fasting insulin (FINS), HOMA-IR, luteinizing hormone (LH), LH/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and plasma TMAO levels of the PCOS rat group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Treatment with the TMAO inhibitor 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB) alleviated metabolic disorder in PCOS rats. In PCOS rats, DMB improved the PI3K/Akt-related signaling pathway compared to no treatment. In IVM, the mitochondria of oocytes in the TMAO groups were aggregated and distributed, and mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP content were decreased. Apoptosis was more severe in the TMAO group than in the control group. TMAO worsened metabolic dysfunction in a rat model of PCOS and decreased the mitochondrial function of oocytes in the process of IVM.
WITHDRAWN: Posterior Temporary Fixation of C1-2 Screw-rod System for Unstable C1 Burst Fracture
Authors: Chen Yun-lin , Hu Xu-dong , Wang Yang , Jiang Wei-yu , Ma Wei-hu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Whether an unstable C1 burst fracture should be treated surgically or conservatively is controversial. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and motion-preserving function of temporary fixation of C1-2 screw-rod system for the reduction and fixation of unstable C1 burst fracture (type 3 and 4 according to the Gehweiler classification).Patients and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 10 patients who were treated with posterior temporary C1-C2 fixation. We assessed age at surgery, gender, pre- and post-operative VAS, NDI, atlanto-dens interval, lateral mass distance and rotation function of C1-C2 complex.Results 6 males and 4 females were included in our study. The average follow-up duration was 14.1± 1.37 months. The left-to-right ROMs of C1-C2 rotation was 9.6±1.42°. The pre-operative cervical VAS was 8.30±0.48; the post-operative cervical VAS of C1-C2 fusion was 2.90±0.57. The pre-operative VAS for removal was 2.0±0.00, the post-operative VAS for removal was 2.3±0.48; The pre-operative cervical NDI was 81.40%±2.07%, the post-operative cervical NDI of C1-C2 fusion was 18.10%±1.52%. The preoperative NDI for removal was 15.9%±1.20%, The post-operative NDI for removal was 14.5%±1.08%. The pre-operative ADI was 4.43±0.34mm, post-operative ADI was 1.94±0.72mm. The pre-operative LMD was 6.36±0.58mm, post-operative LMD was 1.64±0.31mm.Conclusion Posterior temporary C1-2 fixation can achieve a good fusion, satisfied reduction of C1 burst fracture, relieve the pain, improve the cervical function outcome, but may reduce the rotational ROM of C1-2. Temporary C1- C2 fixation is an alternative technique to manage the C1 burst fracture, but the need for implant removal needs to be questioned. For patients with CT scan before implant removal showing spontaneous fusion, they may potentially not profit from implant removal.
Pressure Change Of Fixed Rotational Deformities In The Femur In Human Cadaver Knees-A Biomechanical Study
Authors: Yuwen Peizhi , Lv Hongzhi , Zhu Yanbin , Chang Wenli , Wei Ning , Guo Jialiang , Wang Haicheng , Ding Kai , Zhang Yingze , Chen Wei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: To reveal the contact pressure change on tibial plateau in malalignment femur. Methods: Fourteen adult cadaver were selected, after autopsy, 14 cadaveric knee were established and fixed at neutral position (0°, anatomically reduced), 5°, 10°, 15° of external rotation, and 5°, 10°, 15° of internal rotation. Connect the rotatory fixation model on the biomechanical machine and apply a vertical load to 400N. The contact pressure on medial and lateral tibial plateau was quantitatively measured using ultra-low-pressure sensitive film technology. FPD-305E density meter and FPD-306E pressure converter were used to read relative pressure value. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The medial group show a significant difference on tibial plateau ( F =92.114, P <0.01), further test showed statistically significant differences of pairwise comparisons between 0°, 5°, 10°, 15° internal rotation deformity ( P <0.05). There is no significant difference in lateral group ( c 2 =9.967, P <0.01). The medial contact pressure is 0.940±0.177 MPa and the lateral is 1.008±0.219 MPa at neutral position, no statistically significant was found, so is 5° of internal rotational deformity. But the medial contact pressure are all higher than the lateral side at 5°, 10°, 15° of external rotation, and 10°, 15° of internal rotation. Conclusion: Obvious contact pressure changes on tibial plateau were observed in rotatory deformity femur, which is closely related to the occurrence of knee osteoarthritis. Doctors should detect rotational deformity as much as possible during operation and perform anatomical reduction, for patients with residual rotational deformities, indication of osteotomy should not be too broad.
Effect of Resin Infiltration on Bleached Enamel: An In Vitro Evaluation of Micromorphology, Resin Penetration and Microhardness
Authors: Wei Zhen , Lu Yanhui , Wang Weidong , Gan Jiawen , Yang xuechao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Tooth bleaching is a promising aesthetic treatment for shaded teeth; however, demineralized lesions also occur after bleaching, and Icon resin can infiltrate into the demineralized lesions and then improve the color of teeth. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of resin infiltration on bleached teeth that are managed with different protocols by assessing the micromorphology of enamel surfaces, the depth of resin penetration and the microhardness of enamel after bleaching and Icon resin infiltration.Methods: A total of 150 noncarious premolars with sound coronal structure, which were extracted for orthodontic purposes, were obtained in this study in three parts: part Ⅰ“micromorphology of enamel surfaces”（n=60）；part II“observation the depth of the resin penetration”（n=30)；part III “Vickers hardness number values”（n=60). Both part Ⅰ and part III were divided into six subgroups. Part II was divided into three subgroups. 10 samples per subgroup. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0, Mann-Whitney test.Results: The surface roughness of the teeth increased after bleaching. When etched with 15 % HCl before the resin infiltration, it would result in further increase in roughness, but the surface of the bleached teeth could be as smooth as that of normal teeth after resin infiltration. There was a statistically significant increase in the mean resin penetration depth of the bleached teeth with 5-day delay of resin infiltration over the bleached teeth with resin infiltration immediately (Mann-Whitney test, P<0.05). Otherwise，the VHN values of delayed ones were similar to the normal one.Conclusions: It suggested that Icon resin infiltration treatment should be delayed after tooth bleaching but not performed right after tooth bleaching.
Cell Wall Strengthening and Remodeling Provide New Insights on Sclerotia Development of Medicinal Fungus Polyporus Umbellatus
Authors: Li Bing , Sun Le , Xing Yongmei , Liu Liu , Guo Shunxing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Sclerotium is a special form of many species of fungi and cell wall thickening is a common phenomenon in sclerotium. Rational manipulation of sclerotium would be an innovative approach for pathogenic control as well as for medicinal fungal resource revival. Sclerotia of Polyporus umbellatus were used to treat multiple human diseases. However, the mechanism of thickened cell wall (TCW) is still unclear. In this study, Sequential Windowed Acquisition of all THeoretical fragment ions spectra-MS (SWATH-MS) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) technology were introduced to demonstrate biomarkers at protein level associated with TCW as sclerotia development from initial sclerotia (IS) to developmental and mature sclerotia (DS and MS). 72 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were associated with TCW, and evidence supported presence and accumulation of chitin, glycan, xylcan and hydrophobins in the cell wall of P. umbellatus sclerotia. Puctg112, a new hydrophobin in P. umbellatus expressed up sharply with DS/IS 119.85 and MS/IS 128.17, and located at cell wall and septum of hypha in sclerotia by immune colloidal gold technique. In addition, sclerotial cell wall could be remodeled via O-mannosylation, O-fucosylation and deacetylation to strengthen cell wall. This study provides new insights on fungal cell wall especially to sclerotia-formed fungus.
Extremity Tourniquet Training at High Seas
Authors: Yánez Carlos , Ribeiro Marcelo , Khan Mansoor , Lorente Teófilo , Asensio Esther , López José Antonio , Martínez Isabel , Blas Juan L , Güemes Antonio 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundFuture navy officers require unique training for emergency medical response in the isolated maritime environment. The authors issued a workshop on injury classification and extremity bleeding control, using four different commercial extremity tourniquets onboard a training sail ship. The purpose was to assess participants' perceptions of this educational experience and evaluate application simplicity while navigating on high seas.MethodsA descriptive observational study was conducted as part of a workshop issued to volunteer sailors. A post-workshop survey collected participants` perceptions about the workshops' content usefulness and adequacy, tourniquet safety, application simplicity in high seas, and device preference. The studied variables were measured on a one-to-ten Likert scale, while tourniquet preference by frequency count. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for the studied variables, and application simplicity means compared using the ANOVA test (p<0,05).ResultsFifty-one Spanish training naval officers, aged from 20-21, perceived workshop content usefulness, adequacy, and safety level in high sea use at 8.6/10, 8.7/10, and 7.5/10, respectively. As for application simplicity, CAT and SAM-XT were rated equally with a mean of 8.5, followed by SWAT (7.9) and RATS (6.9). The only statistical difference found was for the RATS (p<0.01). Windlass models were preferred by 94%, and elastic tourniquets by 6%. ConclusionsThe training sail ship extremity bleeding control workshop was perceived as useful and its content adequate by the participating midshipmen. Windlass tourniquet types were regarded as easier to apply than elastics models and were the preferred model by nine out of every ten participants.