bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of a new polymorphic modification of Na2Mn3(SO4)4
Authors: Ben Yahia Hamdi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The new polymorph of Na2Mn3(SO4)4 was prepared via solid state reaction route in a powder form and its crystals were grown by self-flux method. The crystal structure was determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. This polymorph crystallizes with an orthorhombic symmetry, space group Pbca, with a = 9.8313(4), b = 8.7467(3), c = 29.6004(11) Å, V = 2545.38(17) Å3, Z = 8. Its structure refinement yielded the residual factors R(F) = 0.025 and wR(F
2) = 0.065 for 227 parameters and 2605 independent reflections at 2σ(I) level. The use of group-subgroup schemes in the Bärnighausen formalism enabled an accurate comparison of the Pbca- and Cmc 21-polymorphs of Na2Mn3(SO4)4. Both polymorphs contain similar [Mn3(SO4)4]2− building blocks formed of Mn2O11 dimer units and MnO5 trigonal pyramids that are interconnected by sharing corners with the SO4 tetrahedra. However, the stacking of these building blocks along the longest axes of the Pbca- and Cmc 21-structures is different. This induces differences in the coordination of the sodium atoms and in the orientation of the SO4 tetrahedra.
Functional Specialization of Interneuron Dendrites: Identification of Action Potential Initiation Zone in Axonless Olfactory Bulb Granule Cells
Authors: Pressler R. Todd , Strowbridge Ben W. 
Published: October 2019

Principal cells in the olfactory bulb (OB), mitral and tufted cells, play key roles in processing and then relaying sensory information to downstream cortical regions. How OB local circuits facilitate odor-specific responses during odor discrimination is not known but involves GABAergic inhibition mediated by axonless granule cells (GCs), the most abundant interneuron in the OB. Most previous work on GCs has focused on defining properties of distal apical dendrites where these interneurons form reciprocal dendrodendritic connections with principal cells. Less is known about the function of the proximal dendritic compartments. In the present study, we identified the likely action potentials (AP) initiation zone by comparing electrophysiological properties of rat (either sex) GCs with apical dendrites severed at different locations. We find that truncated GCs with long apical dendrites had active properties that were indistinguishable from intact GCs, generating full-height APs and short-latency low-threshold Ca2+spikes. We then confirmed the presumed site of AP and low-threshold Ca2+spike initiation in the proximal apical dendrite using two-photon Ca2+photometry and focal TTX application. These results suggest that GCs incorporate two separate pathways for processing synaptic inputs: an already established dendrodendritic input to the distal apical dendrite and a novel pathway in which the cell body integrates proximal synaptic inputs, leading to spike generation in the proximal apical dendrite. Spikes generated by the proximal pathway likely enables GCs to regulate lateral inhibition by defining time windows when lateral inhibition is functional.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe olfactory bulb plays a central role in processing sensory input transduced by receptor neurons. How local circuits in the bulb function to facilitate sensory processing during odor discrimination is not known but appears to involve inhibition mediated by granule cells, axonless GABAergic interneurons. Little is known about the active conductances in granule cells including where action potentials originate. Using a variety of experimental approaches, we find the Na+-based action potentials originate in the proximal apical dendrite, a region targeted by cortical feedback afferents. We also find evidence for high expression of low-voltage activated Ca2+channels in the same region, intrinsic currents that enable GCs to spike rapidly in response to sensory input during each sniff cycle.
ЕВОЛЮЦІЯ УЯВЛЕНЬ ПРО РОЛЬ ЖІНОК У СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПОЛІТИЧНОМУ ЖИТТІ:
Authors: MarfobudInova LIdIya IvanIvna 
Published: October 2019

У статті розглядаються теоретичні погляди філософів античності відносно ролі жінок у політиці та суспільній діяльності, принцип андрогінності у гностицизмі, єретичний рух та окультизм – епоха повного пригнічення «жіночого», раннє Відродження як епоха перших теорій рівності статей. Погляди філософів нового часу щодо участі жінок в політиці та управлінні державою. Гендерна асиметрія як чинник формування традиційної західної культури. Просвітницькі та соціалістичні ідеї про рівноправ’я жінок та чоловіків. ХХ століття – століття гендерної самосвідомості.
ROLE OF THE REGULATORY T CELLS IN PROGRESSION OF PROSTATE CANCER
Authors: Popov S. V. , Sturov N. V. , Vorobyev N. V. , Khaidukov S. V. 
Published: October 2019

The existing data on regulatory T cells (Tregs) in prostate cancer suggest that these cells may penetrate the prostate gland malignant tissue, suppressing antitumor immune response, thus promoting aggressive clinical course and low survival of the cancer patients. Evaluation of T cell subpopulations from the tumor microenvironment has shown that the number of CD4+Tregs is associated with inferior clinical prognosis. In particular, each additional CD4+Treg cell has been shown to cause a statistically significant increase in prostate cancer mortality by 12%, regardless of other clinical factors. There are several possible explanations for the increased infiltration of prostate cancer tissue with regulatory T cells. Firstly, malignant cells or tumor-associated macrophages are capable of secreting chemokine CCL22, which has an affinity for the CCR4 receptor expressed on Treg cells. Secondly, cytokines secreted by prostate tumors, such as TGF-β, may regulate the FoxP3 expression, thus expanding the Treg population. TGF-β, in turn, is a multifunctional cytokine that promotes survival and proliferation of transformed cells, including prostate epithelium, as evidenced by increased amounts in the patients with metastatic disease.
ROLE OF CXCR3 CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR AND ITS LIGANDS IN CERTAIN DISEASES
Authors: Arsentieva N. A. , Semenov A. V. , Zhebrun D. A. , Vasilyeva E. V. , Totolian Areg A. 
Published: October 2019

Chemokines are a special family of cytokines whose main function is to control cell migration; they are key players in the innate and adaptive immune responses. Directed chemotaxis of specific leukocyte subpopulations is necessary not only to maintain homeostasis, but also in development of some immunopathological conditions such as cancer, inflammation, infection, allergies and autoimmune disorders. Chemokines are pleiotropic molecules that are involved in physiological and pathophysiological processes. For example, the CXCR3 chemokine receptor is expressed on various cells: activated T and B lymphocytes, natural killers, eosinophils and neutrophils, dendritic cells, fibroblasts, endothelial and epithelial cells. Hence, CXCR3 and its ligands have a wide range of functional activity. CXCR3 ligands are the IFNγ-induced chemokines: CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and platelet-derived chemokines: CXCL4, CXCL4L1. All the CXCR3 ligands share common angiostatic properties due to lack of the Glu-Leu-Arg (ELR) motif. IFNγ-induced ligands of the CXCR3 are proinflammatory chemokines, they mainly recruit activated T cells and exert an effect on T cell polarization. Due to wide spectrum of biological activity, the ligands of CXCR3 receptor are involved in pathogenesis of various disorders, such as inflammation, infection, cancer, allergies and autoimmune disorders. In this review, we discuss the role of CXCR3 ligands in immunopathogenesis of various diseases, including the results of our studies in chronic hepatitis C, rheumatoid arthritis and pulmonary tuberculosis. Moreover, we have also discussed the potential laboratory diagnostic applicability of the chemokines in various diseases. This review illustrates a universal role of IFNγ-induced chemokines as mediators of immune responses in various diseases. The studies of CXCR3 ligands, their isoforms and receptors, interactions between themselves and with their receptors can provide a significant contribution to our understanding of the chemokine network. Understanding the system of IFNγ-dependent chemokines may have clinical implications, both for diagnostic tasks, and for therapeutic purposes.
СONCENTRATION OF ANTI-INFLAMATORY CYTOKINES IN CELL CULTURE SUPERNATANTS IN CHILDREN WITH JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS
Authors: Krivolapova I. M. , Pashnina I. A. , Chereshnev V. A. 
Published: October 2019

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the joints in children, mainly of autoimmune or auto-inflammatory nature. It is a heterogeneous group, which includes different subtypes of the disease. Different mechanisms may play role in the pathogenesis of distinct subtypes of juvenile arthritis. However, a long-term imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is important for all subtypes of disease. The aim of the present study was to determine spontaneous and stimulated anti-inflammatory cytokines production by peripheral blood cells from the children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Patients of 2 to 17 years old with different subtypes of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (n = 99) and healthy children without signs of autoimmune diseases (control, n = 31) were examined. Spontaneous and phytohemagglutinin-stimulated concentrations of IL-1ra, IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β in supernatants of whole-blood cultures were determined by ELISA. Differences in the spontaneous and mitogen-stimulated secretion of the cytokines in patients with different subtypes of juvenile arthritis have not been revealed. The spontaneous IL-1ra, IL-4 and IL-10 production by blood cells in the common group of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis was similar to the controls. The median value of spontaneous TGF-β concentration in the patients was below the detection level, whereas blood cells of healthy children had a higher potential of spontaneous TGF-β production. IL-4 and IL-10 production after incubation of peripheral blood cells with phytohemagglutinin in patients and in the control group did not differ from the controls, while IL-1ra and TGF-β synthesis was significantly lower than in healthy children.The spontaneous and/or stimulated production of IL-1ra, TGF-β by blood cells in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis reflects the pathogenic significance of these cytokines in disease. Stimulation of cells can reveal a latent deficiency in the synthesis of cytokines, which is not evident when determining its concentration in serum or supernatants of spontaneous whole-blood cultures.
CHEMOKINE MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY REJECTION OF KIDNEY ALLOGRAFT
Authors: Fedorenko T. V. , Kolesnikova N. V. , Pashkova I. A. , Porhanov V. A. , Gubareva E. A. , Kuevda E. V. 
Published: October 2019

It is known at the present time that immunological biomarkers may become more sensitive, non-invasive methods of graft rejection diagnosis than those currently used. A growing amount of studies in animal models shows that chemokines, as active participants in the immune process, may be used to this purpose. Our earlier studies have shown an important prognostic significance of IL-6, IL-2, 17A and IL-1RA increase in pre-operative period as markers of acute kidney allograft rejection. When assessing changes in studied peripheral blood growth factors, we concluded that a sharp decrease in BDNF content is a diagnostically significant early sign of kidney allograft rejection. The aim of this study was to identify the prognostic role of serum chemokine levels at the preoperative stage, taking into account the production of anti-HLA antibodies during the post-transplant period as a risk factor of kidney allograft rejection. A comparative analysis of chemokine serum concentrations was performed in the patients with terminal-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). In the patients from main clinical groups, the blood cytokine levels were measured 6 hours before transplantation, i.e., Eotaxin (CCL11), GRO-α (CXCL1), IL-8 (CXCL8), IP-10 (CXCL10), MCP-1 (CCL2), MIP-1α (CCL3), MIP-1β (CCL4), SDF-1α (CXCL12), RANTES (CCL5), MIG (CXCL9) by means of multiplex immunological assays, using appropriate test systems. The studies have shown significant changes in several chemokines in the CKD patients compared to age-matched controls. However, the following diagnostically significant biomarkers associated with early rejection of transplanted kidney should be considered: increased concentration of CCL2 and CCL4 chemokines, as well as an acute decrease in CCL11. Significantly decreased CXCL12 concentration in peripheral blood could be considered a marker of favorable posttransplant clinical course. Occurence of HLA antibodies in recipients is also associated with elevated serum levels of CXCL8, CXCL10, CCL4, and CCL5.
Relationship between adherence to treatment and acceptance of illness in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: ÖZKAPTAN Bilge Bal , KAPUCU Sevgisun , DEMİRCİ İnci 
Published: October 2019

Purpose: This study aimed at examining the relationship between patient acceptance of illness and adherence to treatment with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in a state hospital in Sinop with 200 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The Patient Identification Form, Illness Acceptance Scale, and Adherence Scale to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment were applied to collect the study data. Results: In our study, the mean score of the patients' acceptance scale was 24.12 ± 9.30 and 61.5% of the patients scored below this average. This indicates that patients' acceptance levels are low. When the scores of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Acceptance Scale were evaluated, their compliance with the treatment was found to be moderate (107.39 ± 13.55). There was a significant and negative relationship between the patients' illness acceptance scale scores and treatment adherence scale scores (-0.78).Conclusion: Majority of patients had low level of admission and moderate compliance to treatment.
Correlation between ventral neck muscle endurance and cervical progressive ısoinertial lifting capacity
Authors: TEKİN Gökşen , POLAT Sema , BALTACI Gül , GÖKER Pınar , KOZANOĞLU Erkan , YÜCEL Ahmet Hilmi , BOZKIR Memduha Gülhal 
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to document the characteristics of ventral neck flexor muscle endurance (NMFE) and compare the endurance time to some anthropometric measurements due to genders in healthy young adult population. Materials and Methods: Measurements were taken from 185 medical students (104 males - 81 females) aged between 18-22yrs. Neck flexor (NF) endurance was measured with clinic endurance test, CROM (cervical range of motion) and head posture measurements were taken with CROM device and cervical physical performance was determined with progressive isoinertial lifting evaluation test (PILE). Neck pain and disability level were evaluated with the neck disability index (NDI). Results: Cervical range of motion and the NDI score were found significantly higher in females than in males. When the activity level increased, endurance time and PILE test components increased, however there was a weak correlation between endurance time and ROMs. Finally, it was observed that there was a relationship between NF muscle endurance and the NDI, range of motion (ROM), physical performance - activity level and lifestyle. Conclusion: It could provide important information to performance and endurance exercise studies program. Also, they may be helpful to assign patients to appropriate and most beneficial treatment programs, as well as to develop specific programs.
Gebelikte Sağlıklı Yaşam Davranışları Ölçeği’nin geliştirilmesi ve geçerlik güvenirliği
Authors: YILMAZ Esra , KARAHAN Nazan 
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışma Gebelikte Sağlıklı Yaşam Davranışları Ölçeği’nin geliştirilmesi, geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma 12 Mart-12 Eylül 2018 tarihleri arasında, Karabük Üniversitesi Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi’nde uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, anılan hastanenin gebe izlem polikliniğine başvuran ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 718 gebe oluşturmuştur.Bulgular: Geliştirilmeye çalışılan “çok bileşenli ayrık yapıya” sahip ölçeğin; gebelik sorumluluğu, beslenme, hijyen, fiziksel aktivite, seyahat ve gebeliği kabullenme olmak üzere 6 (altı) alt ölçekten oluştuğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca Cronbach alfa katsayıları; ölçek toplamı için 0.83, gebelik sorumluluğu alt boyutu için 0.71, hijyen alt boyutu için 0.64, beslenme alt boyutu için 0.72, fiziksel aktivite için 0.69, seyahat alt boyutu için 0.80 ve gebeliği kabullenme alt boyutu için 0.63 olup, test-tekrar test sonucunda Sınıf İçi Korelasyon katsayıları (SKK) 0.70-0.91 arasındadır. Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar Gebelerde Sağlıklı Yaşam Davranışları Ölçeği’nin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu ve çalışmalarda kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
Comparison of laparoscopic and open surgical techniques in adrenal masses in terms of outcome
Authors: DALCI Kubilay , TOPAL Uğur , ÜNAL Ayşe Gizem , ERAY İsmail Cem , YALAV Orçun , SAKMAN Gürhan 
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the results of conventional and laparoscopic adrenalectomy in adrenal mass cases operated on during a 9-year period.Materials and Methods: A total of 81 patients who underwent adrenalectomy were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups as; Group 1 - conventional surgery and Group 2 - laparoscopic surgery. Two groups were compared retrospectively on characteristics such as; age, sex, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists' score (ASA), mass localization, mass size and hormonal activity of the mass, duration of operation, amount of bleeding in operation, duration of hospitalization, duration until food intake, perioperative mortality, early complications and readmission to hospital within 90 days. Results: There were 22 patients in Group 1 and 59 patients in Group 2. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of age, sex, BMI, ASA score, tumor localization, indications for operation, postoperative complication, perioperative mortality and re-admittance within 90 days. The hormonal activity of the mass was higher and the mass was smaller in size in Group 2. The duration of operation (min), the amount of bleeding in the operation (ml), the duration until oral intake (days) and the length of hospital stay (days) were found to be statistically significantly higher in Group 1.Conclusion: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy should be the preferred surgical method because of its short duration of operation, low blood loss, early onset of oral food intake and shorter hospital stay, as well as its safety.
Sedanter bireyler ve sporcularda substrat kesişim noktasındaki yağ oksidasyon hızlarının karşılaştırılması
Authors: GÜNAŞTI Özgür , ÖZDEMİR Çiğdem , ÖZGÜNEN Kerem T. , KILCI Abdullah , KORKMAZ ERYILMAZ Selcen , KURDAK S. Sadi 
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada sporcu ve sedanter bireylerin performans testleri sonucunda tespit edilen en yüksek yağ yakım aralıkları ve substrat kesişim noktalarındaki metabolik değişkenlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 10 sedanter (22,1 ± 0,5 yıl) ve 11 sporcu (22,3 ± 0,6 yıl) olmak üzere toplam 21 erkek gönüllü katılmıştır. Katılımcıların egzersiz testleri yürüme bandında indirekt kalorimetre kullanılarak yapılmıştır (Cosmed Quark CPET). Uygulanan iki farklı egzersiz testi sonucunda katılımcıların performans düzeylerine ve yağ oksidasyon hızlarına ait veriler elde edilmiştir.Bulgular: Beden kitle indekslerine göre sporcular normal, sedanter bireyler ise fazla kilolu sınıfında yer almışlar ve sedanter bireylerin vücut yüzde yağ oranları sporculara kıyasla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur. Sporcuların pik oksijen alım seviyeleri anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olmasına karşın, en yüksek yağ oksidasyon hızları sedanter bireylere benzer seviyede tespit edilmiştir. Karbonhidratların baskın enerji kaynağı haline gelmeye başladığı kesişim noktasında, sporcu ve sedanter bireylerin oksijen alım miktarları arasında istatistiksel fark olmamasına karşın, bu değerin maksimal oksijen alım kapasitelerine oranı değerlendirildiğinde sporcu grupta istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde düşük bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Oksijen alım kapasitesi yüksek olan sporcu bireylerin hem en yüksek yağ yakım hızlarının hem de kesişim noktasındaki yağ yakım hızlarının sedanter gruba kıyasla istatistiksel farklılık göstermemesi, yağ oksidasyonunu belirleyen tek faktörün maksimal aerobik kapasite olmayabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
Kemik iliği kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücrelerin deneysel Asherman modeli üzerine antiapoptotik ve proliferatif etkisi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Şamil , KILIÇASLAN SÖNMEZ Pınar , ÖZDEMİR İlhan , TOPDAĞI Yunus Emre , TUĞLU Mehmet İbrahim 
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Asherman sendromundaki (AS)endometriyal hasarlarda cerrahi yöntemlere ve medikal tedavilere alternatif olarak kök hücre tedavisinin etkileri araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada sıçanlarda AS modeli kimyasal olarak oluşturuldu. Aynı türün erkek bireylerinin tibia ve femur kemiğinden izole edilen kemik iliği kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücreler (KİMKH) AS oluşturulan dişi sıçanlara verilerek endometriyumda meydana gelen değişiklikler histopatolojik parametrelerle değerlendirildi. Asherman+ besiyeri, Asherman+ niş, Asherman+ KİMKH, Asherman+ KİMKH+ niş olmak üzere toplam dört grup oluşturuldu.Bulgular: Tedavi gruplarında epitel ve lamina propriyadaki rejenerasyonla birilkte endometriyal kalınlığın, bez sayısının ve vaskülarizasyonun arttığı, fibröz alanların ve apoptotik hücre ölümünün azaldığı gözlenmiştir. Kontrol grubu olarak değerlendirilen sağ uterin hornlarda ise her hangi bir histopatolojik değişiklik görülmemiştir.Sonuç: KİMKH ve Niş uygulamalarının, infertiliteye neden olan mekanizmaların içerisinde yer alan adezyon oluşumunu azaltarakedavi ile kliniğe katkı sağlayabileceği gösterildi. Bu olumlu sonuçlar Asherman çalışmalarının kliniğe taşınabilmesi açısından ümit vericidir.
Polish Dantism: between the Epic and Ethics
Authors: Marinelli Luigi 
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 60 (2012), issue 1.
This essay proposes a synthesis of the major themes and issues of Polish Dantism, with a particular reference to the 20th century and beyond. The author retraces the traditional motifs which connect 20th-century authors to the Romantic tradition, and discusses some examples (Gombrowicz, Vincenz, Miłosz) in a broader comparative context (referring specifically to Eliot, Mandelstam, Brodsky). The author argues that the Modernist ethical idea of “necessary Dante” tends to be gradually replaced by a Postmodernist notion of “aesthetic Dante,” with a flowering of new translations—not only of the Divina Commedia. These works restore a balance between Polish literary Dantism and Dante studies. In this sense, the Polish situation displays a lot of similarity to the European and international context, abundant with trends and concerns which go far beyond those of a national language and literature.
The Study of Early Modern Literature (and Insects). A Comment to the Polemics
Authors: Hanusiewicz-Lavallee Mirosława 
Published: October 2019

The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 59 (2011), issue 1.
The article is the editor-in-chief’s comment to the discussion between Agnieszka Czechowicz and Paweł Bohuszewicz as presented in the current issue of the journal. The author defends philological methods in studying early modern literary texts and expresses her scepticism concerning any methods questioning and negating the fundamental epistemological difference between what is being studied and a researcher himself.