bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applicability of an automatic pneumatic–tube–based traffic counting device for collecting data under mixed traffic
Authors: Puan O C , Nor N S M , Mashros N , Hainin M R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Traffic volume and composition data can be collected using several techniques such as manual, camera video recordings and automatic traffic count devices installed across the road pavement. An automatic traffic count device is often used for long hours of traffic data collection exercises. In view that the accuracy of the data is an important aspect of data analysis, this paper discusses the applicability of an automatic traffic count device to be used for traffic volume and composition data collections based on Malaysian vehicle classification system, i.e. where traffic is characterised by various types of vehicles or mixed traffic. The automatic traffic count (ATC) used in the study was the pneumatic tube-based equipment known as Metrocount@5600. The data used for validating the ATC was obtained using a video recording technique. The data was collected at four different sites to ensure the result of the analysis is reliable. A video camera and ATC were installed at each of the sites considered in the study. Traffic volumes and compositions from video recordings were extracted manually based on five classes of vehicles, i.e. cars and small vans, medium trucks and lorries with two axles, large trucks and lorries with three and more axles, buses and motorcycles. The ATC was set to classify vehicle types using one of the equipment’s default setting, i.e. 13 classes (Scheme F). The data retrieved from the ATC was reorganised based on the vehicle classifications used in the data collected using the video recording technique. Twenty datasets of vehicles composition from four sites were used in the analysis. The result of the statistical analysis showed that there is no significant different in traffic volumes and compositions obtained using both techniques. The finding implies that an automatic pneumatic-tube-based traffic counting device such as MetroCount@5600 with scheme F can be used as an alternative technique to collect traffic volumes and compositions data based on five standard classes of vehicles classification system.
Design of recirculated column dryer type for corn (Zea mays Linnaeus) drying
Authors: Karyadi J N W , Hikam F , Suganda E , Muhklis E A , Purwantana B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Corn (Zea mays L.) is ussually consumed as food and feed. In post harvest handling, drying process is the most critical step that affect on the quality of corn. One method of drying corn is mechanically using a recirculated batch dryer. However, these dryers has not been widely found in Indonesia. Therefore, research on the design of this type of dryer is needed. The purpose of this research was to design a recirculated batch dryer machine and test its performance. The recirculated batch dryer machine was designed with a capacity of 2000 kg of corn shelled to dry from moisture content 25% to 14% for 8 hours. Feeding system into the drying chamber used a screw feeder. Corn were recirculated in the drying chamber using a vertical screw conveyor. Air heating system was directly using LPG gas fuel. Furthermore, the design results were tested for the performance of drying, feeding and circulation. The design results show that the designed machine has a capacity of 2,000-2,300 kg. The screw feeder capacity was 1,857 kg/hr and the vertical screw conveyor capacity was 2,216 kg/hr. The airflow supplied blower was 4,358 m3/hr. The results of the machine performance test showed a drying rate of 1.55%/hr. The efficiency of air heating was 92.03% and the the efficiency of drying was 88.96%.
Identification of patchouli oil chemical components as the results on distillation using GC-MS
Authors: Ermaya D , Sari S P , Patria A , Hidayat F , Razi F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to identify the chemical components contained in patchouli oil. The method used is water vapor distillation, water distillation. Patchouli plant material used which has been dried by aeration process and chopped above 20 kg. Then it is distilled using several distillation methods. The distillation process is carried out to extract the chemical components of patchouli oil contained in the ingredients. The three distillation methods are used using water because it does not react with patchouli, and can remove patchouli oil chemical components from its patchouli plant tissue, besides that water is also easy to use, has simple set of tools, and has low operating costs. The distillation process is carried out after the material that need to be distilled is put into the kettle and added water then connected to the condenser and heated, then the oil will be condensed and separated with a separating funnel. Analysis using GC-MS was carried out to identify the chemical components of patchouli oil, the result shows that there are 16 constituent components of patchouli oil, with 3 dominant peaks and other components as follow: Patchouli alcohol (42.75%), Delta-Guaiene (28.30 ), Azulene (20.48%), Trans Caryophellene (11.84%), Seychellence (CAS) (10.77%), Nephtalene (8.02%), Cycloheptane (6.02%) and Caryophyllene (5, 73%). The main component of patchouli oil is Patchouli alcohol about 42.75% that is obtained from the distillation process using water distillation method with distillation time about 5 hours.
Modification and performance test of fish and keumamah dryer with solar energy sources
Authors: Mustaqimah  , Agustina R , Nurba D , Yasar M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This present study aimed to modify and test the performance of fish dryer tunnel type. The size of the dryer will be reduced from its original size to 3 m x 2 m, which is adjusted to the volume of salted fish production in the local industry. Some modifications are also made according to the availability of materials on the market and also consider the drying time more effectively. To achieve the purpose, several procedures were performed: structural and functional design, drawings, assembly, and performance tests. Moreover, data analysis was carried out to measure optimum working capacity of the dryer. Obtained data from artificial dryer were compared with conventional drying. The results showed that natural convective drying required at least five and seven days for keumamah salted fish drying respectively. In contrast, forced convective drying by means of modified tunnel dryer shortened the drying period to three and five days for keumamah and salted fish respectively. Furthermore, the optimum loading capacity of the modified tunnel dryer is 30 kg of fish and required days of drying period.
Study on Physical characteristics of Pliek U: comparisons among fermentation stages
Authors: Mustaqimah  , Agustina R , Fadhil R , Zuhdi I , Devianti  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Pliek u is most popular food product in Aceh province, made from fermented coconut. There are three derivative products produced from the fermentation process, namely simplah oil, Pliek oil and Pliek U. Prior to be processed, size reduction is performed by means of grating instrument and thus, fermentation is begun. The main purpose of this present work is to systematically study the physical characteristics and compares the effect of fermentation stages to temperature and pH changes. Randomized Complete Design (RAL) with one factor (Length: L) was performed with varied fermentation stages: 4, 7 and 10 days. Least square discriminant test (LSD 5%) showed that the difference in the measurement method in the organoleptic test (colour, smell and taste) of Pliek U, had a significant effect on T and pH, whilst fermentation level stages found to be no significant effect on the organoleptic test of aroma. Based on obtained results, it may conclude that there are differences in the amount of oil and seven day fermentation levels found to be the most acceptable organoleptic test.
The impact of parameter changes of a detached breakwater on coastal morphodynamic at cohesive shore: A simulation
Authors: Fitri A , Yao L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Coastal defence structures such as detached breakwaters have been used alternatively to reduce the coastal erosion problems in the world. Behind their efficiency, detached breakwater causes complex changes to the coastal hydro-morphologies because of variation in the sediment type, climate condition and design of the structures. This study aims to evaluate the impact of parameter changes of a detached breakwater on coastal morphologic changes. Three model cases of detached breakwater with different lengths and positions have been set up. MIKE 21 Mud Transport model interrelated with MIKE 21 Hydrodynamic model was performed to simulate the deposition-erosion patterns in the locality of detached breakwater for different lengths and positions of the breakwater. The results show that the detached breakwater with available empty gap gives lowest negative impact to the cohesive coastal areas with considerable reduction of the erosion problems.
Simulation of take-off angle of a ski jump energy dissipater
Authors: Yao L , Li J , Shi S , Fitri A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Ski jumps has been widely used in water conservancy and hydropower engineering with its simple structure and high energy dissipation. The jet trajectory is a key factor to directly determine the scour location, which are the significant index of hydraulic design. Actually, the take-off angle of jet flow is different from the geometrical take-off angle. Reasonable take-off angle would be quite important for calculation method of horizontal length of jet flow. The object of this work is based on the research of three take-off angels of upper and lower jet trajectories with different outlets (geometrical take-off angle, virtual take-off angle, and computational take-off angle), and provides actual calculation method for horizontal length of ski jumps. On the basis of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the main contents and methods of this research report includes: 1) analyzing affective analysis of virtual take-off angles of both the lower and upper jet trajectories, establishing virtual take-off angles of both the lower and upper jet trajectories equations with hydraulic and structure parameters and etc; 2) analyzing by comparing virtual take-off angles of both the lower and upper jet trajectories with different outlets of flip bucket (including circular, triangle, etc.); 3) providing horizontal length of jet flow of ski jumps calculation method with take-off angles of upper and lower jet trajectories.
Model of surface runoff estimation on oil palm plantation with or without biopore infiltration hole using SCS-CN and ANN methods
Authors: Devianti  , Jayanti Dewi Sri , Mulia Indra , Sitorus A , Sartika T Dewi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Surface runoff by rainfall on oil palm-cultivated land can cause erosion. Method conservation of making biopore infiltration hole on sloping oil palm plantations land has been shown to reduce this runoff. It has been experimentally proven in plots with or without biopores. However, the estimation model of the surface runoff event has not been studied comprehensively. The main novelty of this work is using surface runoff and rainfall observation directly database on oil palm land for the predicted runoff. Estimates model of surface runoff on oil palm plantations are essential to know so that farmers can determine which land conservation is more appropriate in the order they can do forecasting and preparedness for extreme events in their land. In the current study, this paper report to compare two methods of estimating surface runoff model on oil palm land that are given biopores and without biopores using (i) conservation service soil - curve number (SCS-CN) and (ii) artificial neural network (ANN) back-propagation. Thirty data of rainfall and runoff events in the three months were used as input data. The results show that the ANN method can provide a more accurate prediction of surface runoff than the SCS-CN method.
Beef Freezing Optimization by Means of Planck Model Through Simulation
Authors: Iskandar C D , Zainuddin  , Munawar A A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Freezing is one of the most commonly used method to preserve beef and other meat products. This present study aimed to optimize freezing time and temperature using Planck equation models. Laboratory-based simulation was performed with different beef size and thickness scenarios. Freezing profiles were described based on beef thermal properties namely heat specific (Cp), thermal conductivity (k) and mass density (p) during freezing. Simulation results showed that all three thermal properties of beef were increased to initial freezing temperature. Specific heat was then decreased gradually until desired temperature was reached. On the other hand, both k and p were still increased exponentially till freezing temperature set point. Moreover, the lower desired freezing temperature, the longer freezing time required. It may conclude that beef freezing can be optimized by modifying freezing temperature setting point that influenced thermal properties during freezing. Optimum freezing time was reached when all three thermal profiles were in steady state.
Rain Water Harvest and Use Pattern as an Efforts to Improve the Economy of Farmers in Timor Dried Area, East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Maranatha G , Pelokilla M R , Manu A E , Sobang Y U L , Yunus M , Samba F D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study aims to find out how much rainwater is able to be accommodated during one rainy season period and its utilization in horticulture plants and forage feed from the integration results through drip irrigation systems. The method of shelter that is by utilizing the cage roof of cattle that is accommodated in plastic tarps and the use of rainwater through drip irrigation on plants using a modified bottle of mineral water with an additional hose. The results obtained are the amount of rainwater that can be accommodated during one rainy season period which is an average of 32 m3 while the utilization with the drip irrigation system to meet the water needs of chili horticulture plants on average is 6 m3, cucumber is 7.2 m3 and forage grass feed mulato at 12m3 for one harvest period, with chili production of 1.2 tons / ha, cucumber at 1.6 tons / ha and production of fresh material grass mulato material at 2.4 ± 0.13 tons / ha, dry material production 0.81 ± 0.02 tons / ha, ratio of stems and leaves 61.26 : 38.74%. The conclusion of this study is that rainwater harvesting uses the cage roof method and its utilization through drip irrigation systems is able to supply the water needs of horticulture plants so as to have an impact on farmers’ incomes while meeting the forage needs of livestock dry material production.
Unintended Effect of Government Program on Beef Development in Indonesia; A System Approach
Authors: Setianto N A , Hidayat N N , Yuwono P , Sugiarto M , Muatip K , Widiyanti R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The study aimed to identify and analyse the effect of government program on beef development. The participants of the research were 50 farmers of beef farming in two farmers group in Kabupaten Banjarnegara, Central Java. A series of direct observation combined with semi-structured interviews and workshops have been carried out to capture the everyday activity of the beef farming and to highlight the potential driven factors affecting the performance of the farming. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the farming activities, the resources affected and affecting the grant, and pressures which drove farmers to get the government grant. Then, a qualitative model was drawn using Vensim® software. Lastly, a stock and flow dynamic modelling was performed using iThink® software. The model showed several common systems loops as the findings. One of the highlighted was the double effect of government grant to the systems performance. Initial design of the government program was to increase the sufficiency of national beef stock by importing cattle. However, model showed that it also had unintended consequences to increase farmers’ expectation to get easy instant cash.
Vertical Integration of Broiler Industries in Indonesia (Analysis of Case Decisions Number 02/KPPU-I/2016)
Authors: Widiyanti R , Hidayat N N , Setianto N A , Mastuti S , Muatip K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study aims to get a deeper explanation of vertical integration in the broiler industry in Indonesia. The data used is secondary data on case decisions number 02 / KPPU-I / 2016. KomisiPengawasPersaingan Usaha (KPPU) Republik Indonesia has issued a decision about the alleged violation of article 11 of Act Number 5 of 1999 related to the regulation of broiler production in Indonesia. The data obtained were analyzed by descriptive method. The results obtained are (1) there are 20 large companies that are directly related to the broiler trade industry, (2) broiler industry products are DOC, feed, vitamins and drugs, raw materials for poultry feed and carcasses, (3) the business category in the broiler trade industry is integrated business, semi-integration business and non-integrated businesses. Integration business consists of vertical integration and horizontal integration. Vertical integration is a business that has a series of production processes from upstream to downstream. Semi-integration business is a business that only has more than one production line but does not control the business from upstream to downstream. Non-integration business is a business that only has one production process. Integration business has a dominant market share and can influence the price maker. It was suggested that the Government monitor more closely the large companies that carry out integration so as not to collude and form a monopoly market.
Efficiency of Layer’s Supply Chains in Indonesia
Authors: Ilham N , Maulana M , Mardianto S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Research on the efficiency of egg’s supply chain focused on various markets is expected to provide input to maintain the existence of small scale layers’ farming. This study aim is to analyze the efficiency of supply chain of small-scale layers’ farming. This research is conducted in April-October 2017 in Blitar Regency, in East Java; Sidrap Regency, in South Sulawesi; and Kabupaten 50 Kota, in Payakumbuh City and Pariaman Regency, in West Sumatra. The number of respondents used are 139 people consisting of officers in related institutions, poultry shop entrepreneurs, traders, breeders association farmers, supermarket managers, hotels, restaurants and caterings. The data collected is analyzed using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The results concludes that traders naturally seek efficient supply chains so that their business can be endured. Factors that influence supply chain efficiency are share farmer, profit and marketing cost ratio, and number of actors involved. The higher the farmer share, and the profit-to-cost ratio, and the fewer marketing channel in a supply chain, the more efficient the supply chain system. Large capital farmers are advised to be able to shorten the supply chain by marketing directly to consumers such as hotels, supermarkets, restaurants, hospitals and caterings. The egg supply chain can also utilize the Indonesian Farmer Shop (TTI) developed by the Ministry of Agriculture so that it can increase farmer’s income and stabilize prices.
Income Analysis and Market Profile of Live Cattle and Meat Traders during Meugang Festivity and Normal Market Situation in North Aceh Regency
Authors: Budisatria I G S , Ibrahim A , Koesmara H , Baliarti E , Widi T S M , Atmoko B A 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMeugang is a tradition for Aceh society referred to meat consumption prior to Islamic religious festivities. During that festivity, the demand for cattle and meat increased significantly and affected meat market profile in Aceh province. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact ofmeugangfestivity celebrations on live cattle traders that in the local name ismugeeand meat traders and also for the market profile. In total, 40 traders were involved in this study for collecting data through interview and direct field observation. Market profile was analyzed using descriptive analysis, and different income was analyzed usingfactorial 2x2 testcontinued with DMRT analysis. The results indicated that profit received bymugeeand meat traders at themeugangfestivity was significantly higher (P<0.05) than profit at the normal market situation. The average of profit gained by themugeeand meat traders duringmeugangfestivity and the normal situation was 1.234.583 vs. 925.833 IDR/day/head and 627.416 vs. 330.556 IDR/day/head, respectively. The value of return cost ratio and benefit-cost ratio, indicating that either live cattle or meat trading activities were significantly benefitted. The profit obtained bymugeeis higher than meat traders at each market situation, andmeugangfestivity has an impact on profit for live cattle and meat traders in North Aceh Regency.
Birth Weight and Body Measurements of Purebred and Crossbred Belgian Blue Calves
Authors: Praharani L , Sianturi R S G , Harmini  , Siswanti S W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Belgian Blue (BB) is a breed of cattle characterized by double muscling. Introduction of Belgian Blue cattle to Indonesian is to increase beef production. A preliminary study was done to compare birth weight and body measurements of purebred BB calves to F1 BB x Friesian Holstein (FH) calves. A total of 10 purebred BB calves and 20 F-1 BB x FH calves were used in this study. Results showed that birth weight and chest girth were significantly affected by genotype of calves (P<0.05). The purebreds had higher birth weight and chest girth (P<0.05). The birth weight were 54.82 kg and 42.86 kg for purebreds and crossbreds, respectively. The body height were 75.30 cm and 76.35 cm for purebreds and crossbreds, respectively. The body length were 66.96 cm and 66.33 cm for purebreds and crossbreds, respectively. The chest girth were 88.46 cm and 81.15 cm for purebreds and crossbreds, respectively. This study was a preliminary information used for recommendation in developing BB cattle.
Concentration of Estrogen and Progesterone during Estrus and the 14th Day of Mating in the Javanese Thin-Tailed Ewes
Authors: Socheh M , Saleh D M , Purbojo S W , Setyaningrum A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to study the effect of giving different levels of energy feed on the concentrations of estrogen and progesterone during estrus and on the 14th day after mating on thin-tail ewes. The material used in this study was 15 head of thin-tail ewes aged between 2.50-3.00 years had a normal estrus cycle and had once lambing. All ewes were randomly placed into three types of treatment of energy feed with different levels, namely: non-flushing 1.01Mcal / kg ME (f0), flushing 2.13Mcal / kg ME (f1) and flushing 2,31Mcal / kg ME (f2). Each treatment was repeated 5 times. The general linear model of SPSS was used to analyze variables measured. The results showed that the average estrogen concentration in thin-tailed ewes during estrus in the flushing group (f1 and f2) was higher than non-flushing (f0). The average progesterone concentration in the thin-tailed ewes on the 14th day after mating in the flushing group (f1 and f2) was higher respectively than the non-flushing group (f0). The increase in feed energy given to thin-tailed ewes in flushing, during estrus increases estrogen concentration and on the 14th day after mating, increase progesterone concentration.