bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE, ACHYRANTHES ASPERA, AND AEGLE MARMELOS
Authors: BRIJYOG  , LALITESHWAR PRATAP SINGH  , SUSHIL KUMAR  , SHWETA VERMA  
Published: December 2019

Objective: Anacardium occidentale, Achyranthes aspera, and Aegle marmelos are the common plants found in North and South India. The present study identifies the active phytochemicals and antioxidant properties in various extracts derived from dried bark, whole aerial parts, and leaves of the above plants.
Materials and Methods: Phytochemical screening included extracts of pet ether, hydroalcoholic, and aqueous. The antioxidant activity was determined by measuring total phenolic contents (TPC), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (RSA), and total flavonoid content (TFC).
Results: The phytochemical screening of A. occidentale, A. aspera, and A. marmelos of dried bark, whole aerial parts, and leaves revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and proteins. It also contains alkaloids and glycosides. Hydroalcoholic extract of A. occidentale, A. aspera, and A. marmelos showed highest TPC 0.125 mg/g, 0.256 mg/g, and 0.254 mg/g, respectively. TFCs 0.094 mg/g, 0.145 mg/g, and 0.121 mg/g and highest DPPH RSA with the half maximal inhibitory concentration of 125 μg/mL, 105.58 μg/mL, and 98.89 μg/mL compare to the standard ascorbic acid of 21.65 μg/mL.
Conclusion: This study showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of A. occidentale, A. aspera, and A. marmelos is potential source of natural antioxidants.
APPLICATION OF CENTRAL COMPOSITE DESIGN AND RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY FOR OPTIMIZATION OF METAL ORGANIC FRAMEWORK: NOVEL CARRIER FOR DRUG DELIVERY
Authors: PREETI KUSH  , JITENDER MADAN  , PARVEEN KUMAR  
Published: December 2019

Objective: The aim of the present study is to optimize the synthesis method of metal-organic framework (MOF) for high yield and larger surface area with minimum size for efficient drug loading.
Materials and Methods: Materials of Institute Lavoisier (MIL)-101-NH2 was synthesized by microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. Central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimization. Process optimization was done by validating the model to obtain maximum surface area, maximum yield, and minimum particle size. Final obtained formulation was characterized by particle size and zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, and thermogravimetric analysis. Furthermore, gemcitabine (GEM) was used as a model drug for encapsulation in these MOFs for drug delivery carriers.
Results: The results revealed that MIL-101-NH2 of average size-158 nm with high yield (70%) and high surface area (2347 m2/g) could be produced easily and reproducibly at a selected condition. This enhances the drug delivery application of the valuable MIL-101-NH2. Optimized values for these parameters were 170°C, 5.00, and 1:1:400 for temperature, pH, and reactant ratio, respectively. MIL-101-NH2 appeared as a promising carrier for GEM delivery with higher encapsulation (77.7±2%) and loading (22.6±2%).
Conclusion: The results conclude that processing parameters such as temperature pH and reactant concentration obtained from CCD-RSM significantly affect the main constraints, i.e., surface area, particle size, and yield. The faster encapsulation of GEM in MOF makes them a promising carrier for drug delivery application.
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT FOR STANDARDIZATION OF VARIOUS PHYLLANTHUS SPECIES
Authors: Rakhi Khabiya  
Published: December 2019

Objective: This study aims at comparison of total phenolic content of ethanolic extract of various species of Phyllanthus available in Gujarat state by spectrophotometric method.
Methods : The total phenolic content was determined quantitatively using the Folin Ciocalteu reagent, with Gallic acid as standard.
Results: The total phenolic content in methanolic extract of various Phyllanthus species ranged from 41.801 to 87.542 mg/g of dry weight of extract, expressed as gallic acid equivalents. Phyllanthus urinaria was found to have highest phenolic content and Phyllanthus acidus was found to have lowest phenolic content .
Conclusion: The total phenolic content will be helpful for developing new drugs and standardizing the various Phyllanthus species particularly morphological similar species. The presence of a high total phenolic content shows that the alcoholic extract of Phyllanthus may possess antioxidant properties, which could lead to a new field of research in the future.
SMARTPHONE ADDICTION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH AMONG STUDENTS OF A MEDICAL SCHOOL IN EAST COAST MALAYSIA
Authors: AZWANIS ABDUL HADI  , HAWARI MUSYIR MOHD NAWAWI  , NURAFIFAH SHAMSURI  , NURUL NAJIHAH RAHIM  , HAFIZAH PASI  
Published: December 2019

Objective: Smartphones have now become a common and almost essential tool in our daily living activities. Students are among those who use smartphones regularly, which could lead to addiction if overused. This study aims to measure the prevalence of smartphone addiction and its relationship with psychological health among clinical year medical students in International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan.
Methods: A total of 226 medical students in their clinical years were recruited through quota sampling method. The students filled in a four-part online-based questionnaire consisted of questions on sociodemographic characteristics, smartphone usage information, smartphone addiction scale-short version, and WHOQOL-BREF. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics.
Results: The prevalence of smartphone addiction among clinical year medical students in IIUM was 51%. Bivariate analysis showed that the majority of students chose social networking as their primary purpose of using a smartphone, and this was significantly associated with smartphone addiction (p=0.037). Following multiple logistic regression analysis, students who had chosen games as their primary purpose of smartphone users are 88% less likely to be related with smartphone addiction (p=0.009, 95% CI: 0.025–0.595) as compared to those who used it for academic performance tasks. Students who were not addicted to smartphones reported significantly better psychological quality of life compared to those who were addicted (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Half of IIUM’s medical students in clinical years was found to have smartphone addiction, and those with smartphone addiction had poor psychological health. Immediate intervention such as creating awareness in the campus is important in curbing this problem.
Tres días que conmovieron al mundo: panorama de las ciencias sociales (1989-2016)
Authors: Vera Héctor 
Published: December 2019

<p>Este artículo reflexiona sobre cambios visibles —y algunas tendencias ocultas— en las ciencias sociales desde el fin de la Guerra Fría hasta la segunda década del siglo XXI. Se toman como puntos de articulación tres eventos geopolíticos y las respectivas inquietudes intelectuales que se han producido en este campo de conocimiento. Primero, la caída del Muro de Berlín y lo que fue conocido como el “fin de la historia”. Segundo, la destrucción de las Torres Gemelas en los ataques terroristas en Manhattan y lo que llamaron el “choque de civilizaciones”. Tercero, el referéndum del <em>Brexit </em>y la elección de Donald Trump a la presidencia de Estados Unidos, que conllevó al surgimiento de un “populismo antiglobalista”. De cada uno de estos tres episodios propongo una lección para mejorar nuestras prácticas contemporáneas en nuestras disciplinas.</p>
Formulation and Evaluation of Anti-Acne Face Wash Gel using Guava Seed Extract
Authors: Kamble Manish , Selwate Tejaswini , Dhabarde Disha , Ingole Ashwini , Baheti Jagdish 
Published: December 2019

During the puberty, imbalance of internal constituents and hormonal balance may cause many skin problems. Acne is found as most common skin problem. Face and neck are the major affected area. Preventive approaches involve removal of oil from the face. Proper cleaning and washing require for this purpose. Various researches have been proved utility of herbal based formulations for cleaning purpose which also removes excess oil; considering this fact present work was intended to prepare a face wash gel using Psidium guajava seed extract with antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Prepared gel was evaluated for various quality control parameters like; spreadability, pH, consistency and grittiness, etc. The results of quality control parameters were found to be satisfactory.
Keywords: Acne, Gel, Antimicrobial, Psidium guajava, Face-wash
Intervention and Mechanism of Dexmedetomidine on A549 Cells Injured by Hypoxia/Reoxygenation
Authors: Gao Hui , Luo Ziyin , Zhou Zhuolin , Wu Yiming , Wang Wantie 
Published: December 2019

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on hypoxia /reoxygenation (H/R) injury of A549 cells.
Methods: A549 cells were cultured and randomly divided into four groups (n=10): Normoxic group;DEX group; H/R injury group;H/R injury+DEX intervention group. Observe the morphological changes of cells; Cell viability was detected by cck-8 assay. TUNEL assay was used to detect apoptosis index (AI).Expressions of GRP78, CHOP, JNK, caspase-12, caspase-3 proteins and mRNA were detected by Western Blot and RT-PCR;Detect the activity of caspase-3.
Results: Compared with the H group, the OD value and AI value in the HD group were significantly up-regulated, apoptotic cells were significantly decreased, the expressions of CHOP, caspase-12, p-JNK and caspase-3 proteins and mRNA were significantly decreased, the GRP78 protein and mRNA increased, and the caspase-3 activity was significantly decreased, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01).
Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine has a protective effect on A549 cells after H/R injury, which may be related to its inhibition of apoptosis induced by excessive endoplasmic reticulm stress.
Keywords: Dexmedetomidine; Hypoxia/Reoxygenationinjury;Apoptosis;Endoplasmicreticulm stress.
Therapeutic Management of Pulmonary Tuberculosis by Mannosylated Chitosan Ascorbate Microspheres: Preparation and Characterization
Authors: Bagre Archana , Lariya Narendra Kumar , Kori Mohan Lal 
Published: December 2019

Objective: In this study, biodegradable Chitosan Ascorbate Microsphere (CAMs) and mannosylated chitosan ascorbate microsphere (m-CAMs) prepared for targeting towards alveolar macrophages to treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Significance: Ascorbic acid is an antioxidant and reported killing effect on mycobacterium by induces fenton reaction. This study enlightens the possible benefits of adding antioxidant properties of ascorbic acid with chitosan microsphere to an anti-tuberculosis regimen and mannosylation of microsphere significantly induce the targetability of antitubercular drug to alveolar macrophages.
Methods: CAMs prepared by firstly salification of chitosan by ascorbic acid then ionic gelation with STPP and m-CAMs prepared by incubation method and purified for further studies. The physicochemical, in vitro and in vivo characterizations of both formulations were carried out.
Results: The size of microspheres (both CAMs and m-CAMs) were found to be in range of 3.40-4.81µm. Evident changes were observed in crystallinity and structure of both carrier systems and depicted by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. In vitro lung deposition study of microspheres showed favourable aerodynamic properties for deep lung delivery (MMAD 2.0- 3.8 μm) and, thus, show potential for an application as inhalable tuberculosis therapy. The drug release showed the biphasic pattern of release, i.e., initial burst (30-45% up to 8 h) followed by a slower sustained release pattern (more than 80% up to 72 h) in both simulated lung fluids. Optimized formulations exhibited lower cytotoxicity and bio distribution studies demonstrated the efficiency of m-CAMs for spatial delivery of INH to alveolar tissues. CAMs and m-CAMs evidenced minor cytotoxicity on lung epithelial cells (A549 cell lines).
Conclusion: m-CAMs thus has a promising potential to be explore as an effective carrier system for delivery of antitubercular drugs regimen.
Key words: Targetability, alveolar macrophage, lung cancer A549 cells
Development of Extended Release Formulations of Ilaprazole Tablets
Authors: Divya B. , Sreekanth J. , Satyavati D. 
Published: December 2019

Extended release products are designed to release their medication in a controlled manner at a predetermined rate, duration, and location to achieve and maintain optimum therapeutic blood levels of a drug. The objective of the study is to formulate and evaluate Ilaprazole Controlled release tablets comparable to the innovator product. F1-F9 formulations were prepared using varying concentrations of super disintegrates like Crospovidone, Croscarmellose sodium and Sodium starch glycolate in different concentrations. Based on the hardness, friability, weight variation, drug content, F6 formulation was found to be optimised. The selected F6 formulation was sub coated with HPMC P 50 and followed by enteric coating with Acryl-EZE-80 (Eudragit L100-55). 3 formulations (F10-F12) were prepared by using coating. Among the three formulations, F11 formulation was found to be best. FTIR studies were carried out to find out drug and excipient compatibility studies, the studies revealed that there were no interactions. DSC studies also carried out to demonstrate any changes in physical forms of the drug molecule.
Keywords: Ilaprazole, Extended release tablets, Crospovidone, Croscarmellose sodium, Sodium starch glycolate, HPMC P 50, Acryl-EZE-80.
BISCUIT FORMULATION WITH SUBSTITUTION OF BROWN RICE FLOUR
Authors: Widodo Slamet , Sirajuddin Saifuddin 
Published: December 2019

Focus of this study was formulation of biscuit with substitutionof brown rice flour which were widely accepted by the community. The objective of the study was to formulate biscuit subtitution by brown rice flour. The experiment was conducted in Maret-July 2017 in Family Welfare Education Laboratory. Data collected was quality of biscuit (color, flavor, texture, taste, and overall) and the preference. Data was analyzed by Mean and ANOVA. Result: 18g wheat flour, 6g cornstarch, 4g tapioca starch, 19g brown rice flour, 12g margarine, 29g eggs yolk, and 12g refined sugar. Nutrition contents the best biscuit was water 2,52g, ash 1,19g, fat 24,46g, protein 11,68g, carbohydrate 60,15g, and energy 507,46Kcal.
O ESPAÇO GEOGRÁFICO PARA ALÉM DE SUAS MATERIALIDADES: MEMÓRIA, TRADIÇÃO E O SABER FAZER DOS ALIMENTOS
Authors: Menezes Sônia De Souza Mendonça , Mendes Geisa Flores 
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo tem o propósito de suscitar questões e apresentar temáticas de pesquisa que conduzam à reflexão acerca da inevitável vinculação entre o espaço geográfico e a memória social considerando como uma vertente significativa de análise a produção e consumo de alimentos e seu viés identitário. Partimos do princípio que a referência espacial é condição sine qua nom para que uma memória seja evocada, bem como os alimentos consumidos e transformados em territorialidade são essenciais para a reprodução da vida dos homens e mulheres. Tal compreensão tem possibilitado a realização de pesquisas geográficas com temáticas instigantes, pois a concretude que marca a configuração do espaço está eivada também de simbologias e subjetividades presentes nas práticas cotidianas que nele se desenrolam.
REPRESENTAÇÃO DISCURSIVA, IDENTIDADE E ALTERIDADE: ENTREVISTA EM ANÁLISE
Authors: Bezerra Jaqueline De Jesus , Queiroz Maria Eliete de 
Published: December 2019

Este artigo focaliza a representação discursiva de si, categoria de análise do nível do texto, da Análise Textual dos Discursos (ATD) com base em Adam (2011), dialogando com os construtos da identidade e da alteridade, por meio, sobretudo, de Bakhtin (1997). O objeto de investigação é a entrevista de Marielle Franco[1] concedida ao site Brasil de Fato. Objetivamos analisar as construções identitárias através de representações discursivas de si, por meio da referenciação, de seus modificadores e da predicação, relacionadas à alteridade. A pesquisa é documental e qualitativa. Percebemos representações identitárias de Marielle Franco como mulher negra, resistente, lutadora, engajada.[1] Marielle Franco, assassinada em 14/03/2018, era Vereadora da Câmara do Rio de Janeiro pelo PSOL, presidiu a Comissão da Mulher da Câmara, era socióloga e mestra em Administração Pública. Militou pelos direitos humanos, das mulheres e dos negros e atuou em organizações como o Centro de Ações Solidárias da Maré.
EFEKTIFITAS MEKANISME TATA KELOLA TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI TERHADAP INOVASI TI DAN KINERJA TI
Authors: Fattah Anwar , Setyadi Resad 
Published: December 2019

Information technology supports the achievement of business objectives in the organization. Higher education institutions is a business organization engaged in the field of education, research and devotion to the society in the Know Tridharma College. Effective IT governance ensures the alignment between IT and the business objectives. The study seeks to examin empirically IT governance mechanisms affecting the overall effectiveness of IT governance. In addition, this study examines effective IT governance relationships and IT performance in higher education organizations. The sampling techniques in this study are multi-stage purposeful random sampling. In order, the researchers will incorporate the surveys online. Analyzed by Quantitative Data and method of a Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) equation using Smart PLS 3.0. The results obtained from this research show significant positive relationships between effectiveness IT governance and the following mechanisms: IT steering Committee, senior management involvement in IT, and organizational communication systems and relationships between the effectiveness of ITG with IT innovation and IT performance. And insignificant negative relationship between organizational Performance management system and effectiness IT Governance also IT Innovation and IT Performance.
Influence of water temperature on metabolic energy structure in fish
Authors: Egorova Vera Ivanovna , Sveshnikova Elena Vasilyevna , Naumova Valentina Vasilyevna , Kiryanov Dmitry Anatolyevich , Smirnova Anna Nikolaevna 
Published: December 2019

The paper gives the analysis of the influence of water temperature on the structure of metabolic energy in carp and silver carp of different age groups. The thermophilic species
of carp and spotted silver carp cultivated in the polyculture with natural nutritive base served as the material for a research conducted in a hatchery “Individual Enterprise of Alekseeva M. V.” in Kuzovatovsky district of the Ulyanovsk region. Analysis of fish metabolic energy was made using the mean of live weight of yearlings and two-year-old species of carp and silver carp. As a result, there have been obtained the values of the metabolic energy in fingerlings and two-year-old species of carp and silver carp at different ranges of water temperature. Metabolism in carp and silver carp species being representatives of thermophilic fish is most effective at temperatures within +18-+30°С. The study showed that a decrease in water temperature by 5°C (from 20 to 15°C) causes a decrease in food activity, the daily feed intake of yearlings and two-year-old species of carp and silver carp decreased by 35-40%. Expense for the basal metabolism and growth did not change. Metabolic energy was used by 10.8-13,3.0 kJ less. Also, yearlings and two-year-old species of carp and silver carp spent less energy on motion activity than in the warmer water. Thus, under a decrease in the water temperature in the pond the costs of maintaining thermal homeostasis in fish increased, while the costs of basal metabolism, on the contrary, decreased. Situation is quite different when the water is warmed up.
Fluctuation of total number of fish larvae and their mass types depending on environmental factors in the Mesha bay of the Kuibyshev reservoir in 2012-2018
Authors: Kuznetsov Vyacheslav Alekseevich , Severov Yuri Aleksandrovich , Kuznetsov Vladimir Vyacheslavovich , Shakirova Firdauz Mubarakovna 
Published: December 2019

The article analyzes fluctuations of the number of fish larvae in the littoral of the Mesha Bay of the Kuibyshev Reservoir in the spring period of 2012-2018 in relation to the level and tem-perature regimes. The assessment of their species diversity has been given. In these years there were found 7-13 larvae species in catches. The minimal number of larvae species in the catches were registered in 2013, the maximum number - in 2018. The total number of fish larvae varied
in these years 57.4-807.0 sp/effort. In terms of 1m3 it made 807.0-5659.1specimens. For all the years of research roach larvae were the dominant species in the catches, ranging from 42.7% to 80.7% of the total catch. The average number of roach larvae was 105.8 sp/effort. The second place in the catches belonged to bream larvae whose average number made 43.4sp/effort (their average part in catches is 29.3%). The third place in the catches in different years belonged to ide larvae, silver bream, bleak and silver crucian. Among them silver bream larvae had the greatest number - 7.5 sp/effort. Larvae of Ide, bleak and silver crucian on average ranged 3.2-3.8 sp/effort. The largest magnitude of the number fluctuation was found in silver bream and bleak. Their variation coefficient ranged within 115.9-117.1%. Bream had a relatively steady replenishment of the larvae (Cv = 37.9%). There is a positive correlation between the abundance (sp.) of roach and bream larvae, but between the abundance indicators (%) the correlation is negative, i.e. the higher the percentage of roach dominance, the smaller the proportion of bream in the catches. Within 2012-2018 Shannon index of species diversity in fish larvae ranged from 0.96 to 2.09 bits. There is a negative correlation between Shannon index and indices of abundance of roach and bream larvae
IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI ANAK PUTUS SEKOLAH DI KABUPATEN BADUNG
Authors: CAHYANI NI KOMANG AYU SRI , SUCIPTAWATI NI LUH PUTU , SUKARSA KOMANG GDE 
Published: December 2019

School dropout is someone who has left school before she/he has finished her/his study. This research aims to identify the factors that affects school dropout in Badung Regency. The research method used is confirmatory factor analysis and obtained six factors that affects school dropout, namely the lack of interest and willingness of children to go to school, the view that school is considered unattractive by student, inability to take lessons, economic family, lack of parental attention, and children’s play environment. The results of factor analysis which shows that the most dominant factor that affects school dropout in junior high school level is lack of parental attention, in senior high school the factors are lack of interest and willingness of children to go to school.