bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hexahedral prism and IMU installation error calibration technique based on turntable transmission
Authors: Ruan Shuangshuang , Guo Xiangxin , Shao Huichao , Liu Jian , Tu Zhen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A hexahedral prism and IMU installation error calibration technique based on turntable transmission is proposed. It effectively simplifies the calibration process of precise POS and SAR radar installation errors. Based on the zero position of the turntable, high-precise optical equipment was used to calibrate the hexahedral prism and the zero position of the turntable, then calibrated IMU and turntable zero position to realize the installation error of hexahedral prism and IMU through the error attitude matrix conversion. The calibration method is much simple and accurate. Test result shows that the heading angle and attitude angle calibration repeatability is better than 5”.
Training strategy of CNN for remote sensing image classification with active learning
Authors: Lei Liu Xiao , Peng Liu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
With the rapid development of remote sensing image classification technology, remote sensing image classification is more and more widely used in forest vegetation detection, land use and land cover, environmental monitoring, geographic information system and so on. However, because of the large amount of remote sensing image data, it is extremely difficult to select a large number of effective annotated data from the massive data. Especially when the classifier is oriented to deep learning, the sample labeling strategy of remote sensing image is particularly important. In the training process of remote sensing image classification based on CNN, the labeling strategy needs to consider both the uncertainty of samples and the representativeness of samples. In this paper, an active deep learning sample labeling strategy for remote sensing image classification is proposed. In the training process of VGG-16 convolutional neural network model, a density-based spatial clustering of application with noise is added, and information entropy is combined to improve the labeling strategy. This method focuses on the analysis of sample information, mining the intrinsic features contained in the sample, taking into account the uncertainty and correlation of the sample, and ultimately achieves the selection of the most informative sample for model training. Experiments show that this method effectively improves the labeling efficiency of samples and achieves higher classification accuracy under the same number of conditions.
Detection of Small Changed Regions in Remote Sensing Imagery Using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Cao Zhaobin , Wu Mengmeng , Yan Rui , Zhang Fa , Wan Xiaohua 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
As a crucial application in remote sensing, change detection can detect semantic change of the land use in multi-temporal aerial imagery. Especially, with the improvement of the spatial resolution of remote sensing imagery, more and more small objects have been taken into account. Although several methods based on deep learning have been proposed to solve change detection in satellite imagery, most of existing methods cannot properly handle the small changed regions and the class imbalance, which are extremely serious in satellite imagery. In this paper, we propose a Siamese High-Resolution Network (Si-HRNet) to detect the small changed regions in remote sensing imagery. To our best knowledge, this is the first time to transfer High Resolution (HR) module into the Siamese network, so that our network can maintain high-resolution representation throughout the whole process and repeatedly fuse multi-resolution representations to obtain rich feature representations, especially can reduce information loss for small objects. In addition, to handle the class imbalance issues, we combine weighted binary cross entropy (BCE) and inverse volume weighted generalized dice loss (GDL) in small objects change detection. Experimental results show that the proposed Si-HRNet achieves state-of-the-art performance in both DigitalGlobe dataset and WHU Building change detection dataset, and the F1 score is improved by 3.35% ∼ 3.43%.
Modeling Urban Ecological Security in Yangtze River Delta based on Machine Learning
Authors: Sun H , Li W , Zhang J , Gao J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Gradually deteriorating eco-systems have been threatening the sustainable development of cities. With time, more negative impacts will emerge and affect national security. Cities face significant challenges in ecological forward with sustainable development. Yangtze River Delta is recognized as one of the sixth largest urban agglomeration in the world, its economic development plays a significant role in the country and its ecological security cannot be ignored. In order to model and evaluate the urban ecological security of the Yangtze River Delta, Machine Learning method was integrated with the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model. On comparison with the traditional methods, the process for modeling urban ecological security is more efficient, reliable, comprehensive and objective. The results show that (1) The ecological security of the Yangtze River Delta has been generally improved from the past 10 years; (2) Industrial smoke (powder) dust emissions, per capita park green area, and science technology expenditures in fiscal expenditure are the three most influencing indicators with aspect to nature, society, and economy. This research could provide guidance to the construction and maintenance of urban ecological security.
Global ocean wave analysis based on the 10-year ENVISAT/ASAR wave mode data
Authors: Huang BingQing , Li Xiao-Ming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Wave Mode (WM) is an imaging mode dedicated to ocean surface wave observation. Since the first used in the ERS-1/SAR in 1991, this imaging mode has been continuously acquired by ERS-2, ENVISAT/ASAR, Sentinel-1A/1B and the GaoFen-3, and has been providing ocean wave observation data for almost 30 years. As the Envisat/ASAR has the longest archived WM data, we used a parametric model named CWAVE_ENV to retrieve ocean wave parameters of significant wave height (SWH) and mean wave period (MWP) from all the ASAR WM data in its lifetime from December 2002 to April 2012. By comparing with the ECMWF and NDBC buoy data, we found good agreements between the ASAR retrieved results and the buoy measurements. The retrieved ASAR integral wave parameters are further calibrated using the buoy measurements based on the Reduced Majored Axes (RMA) regression method. By calibration, the bias of SWH and MWP are improved from −0.06 m to 0.00 m and from −0.19 s to 0.00 s. Cross-validation of the calibrated ASAR wave parameters with the JASON-1 Radar Altimeter SWH also shows a good consistency, with the correlation coefficient of 0.93, the bias and RMSE of 0.18 m and 0.53 m, respectively. The proposed 10-year global wave product could be a good complementary to the Radar Altimeter product and possible good dataset for wave climate study. A preliminary result of using these data for global wave analysis is shown as well in this paper.
Validation of Sentinel-1-derived sea ice cover data in the Arctic
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Guo Shibo , Sun Yan , Dou JianPing , Li Xiao-Ming 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) instrument can image the polar regions with a large area and high temporal and spatial resolutions, which is particularly suitable for sea ice monitoring in the Arctic. In a previous study, a support vector machine (SVM)-based method was developed to automatically extract the sea ice cover from Sentinel-1 SAR Extra Wide (EW) swath mode data in cross-polarization (horizontal-vertical, HV, or vertical-horizontal, VH). For validation, 468 Sentinel-1 EW HV-polarized images acquired in the Arctic are used to derive the sea ice cover with a spatial resolution of 0.96 km. We then compared the SAR-derived sea ice cover with the Ice Mapping System (IMS) dataset, which has a resolution of 1.0 km, and the AMSR-2 sea ice concentration (SIC, 15% is used as a threshold for deriving sea ice cover) dataset, which has a resolution of 3.125 km, based on pixel-by-pixel matching. The accuracies of the comparisons with the IMS and SIC data are 85.01% and 88.69%, respectively. The comparison shows that the IMS dataset is mostly overestimates the sea ice cover, while the AMSR2 dataset is relatively underestimates the sea ice extent. On the other hand, the sea ice cover information derived from the Sentinel-1 images by using the proposed method well characterizes the details of the marginal ice zone (MIZ). Furthermore, through the analysis of individual cases, the main factors that affect accuracy are drift (or pack) ice and a high land proportion in some areas.
Vector dataset for river systems originating in Eurasia to the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Wenshan Liang , Yubao Qiu , Pengfei Xie , Lijuan Shi , Xingxing Wang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Arctic rivers are part of the freshwater resources for the Arctic and are of great significance to research into changes in the Arctic Ocean. However, global river datasets do not describe rivers in Eurasia in sufficient detail. Based on a 30-m resolution land surface water dataset in 2010 together with global river width data (GRWL) and reference SRTM 30-m digital elevation data, the river systems in each Arctic basin were identified. Google Earth images were used for verification and the resulting accuracy was 93.96%. The areas of the rivers in each country studied were also analyzed and it was found that Russia has the largest area of rivers and Mongolia has the highest ratio of river area to country area. Based on these river datasets, the river ice phenology for the Ob River basin was analyzed using cloud-free binary snow-cover data obtained by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The result showed that the open-water period for the Ob River is from June to October.
Effect of partial Ni substitution in V85Ni15 by Ti on microstructure, mechanical properties and hydrogen permeability of V-based BCC alloy membranes
Authors: Jiang Peng , Sun Bolin , Wang Haichuan , Peng Guosheng , Ma Yangzhou , Song Guangsheng , Dolan Michael 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Vanadium-based alloy membranes with body-centred-cubic (BCC) structure are considered as one of the leading alternatives to Pd-based alloys for hydrogen separation applications due to their lower cost and higher permeability. As permeability and mechanical properties depend on what microstructure can be produced mainly by alloy composition under same processing conditions, the effect of alloy composition on microstructure, mechanical properties and hydrogen permeability has been investigated for the V85Ni15 and V85Ni10Ti5 (at%) alloys prepared by a same process route. All Ni atoms dissolve into the V-matrix to form a single highly supersaturated solid solution with dendritic segregation of Ni-solute atoms in the binary alloy. A part of Ni replacement with 5 at% Ti leads to the formation of small interdendritic phases NiTi and NiTi2 in addition to major phase of V-based solid solution. The mechanical property testing shows that the ultimate strength of the ternary alloy is higher than that of the binary alloy, but the elongation and rollability are lower due to a combination of solid solution hardening and particle strengthening effect. The addition of Ti can greatly increase permeability about 4 times greater than the binary alloy at a permeation testing of 400 °C. But the presence of small amounts of interdendritic compounds provides a barrier to hydrogen migration, resulting in a relatively lower hydrogen diffusion coefficient. In theory, the diffusivity and solubility of hydrogen atom in the presence of alloying element Ti is higher than that in the presence of alloying element Ni in vanadium. This is demonstrated using first principles calculation which further explains the mechanism of hydrogen permeation.
Significantly improved non-ohmic and giant dielectric response in CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics by incorporating Portland cement
Authors: Phromviyo Nutthakritta , Sirikamalat Saowarat , Chanlek Narong , Thongbai Prasit , Amornkitbamrung Vittaya , Chindaprasirt Prinya 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The giant dielectric and nonlinear current–voltage properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) incorporating Portland cement (PC) were investigated. Analysis revealed that the microstructure of the CCTO/PC ceramics was highly dense. Using the microstructure analysis and theoretical calculation, the elements in PC (i.e., Al, Si, Fe, K, Cr, and Mg) can substitute into the CCTO structure, giving rise to enhanced electrical properties of the grains and grain boundaries. As a result, the giant dielectric and nonlinear current–voltage properties of CCTO/PC were significantly improved. The low–frequency loss tangent of CCTO/PC was greatly reduced, by a factor of 10, while the dielectric permittivity of the ceramics was still large (∼104) over a frequency range of 102–106 Hz. Interestingly, the nonlinear coefficient (α) and electric field breakdown (Eb) of the CCTO/PC ceramics were greatly enhanced by factors of 2 and 30, respectively. Impedance spectroscopy analysis revealed large increases in α and Eb, as well as a decrease in the loss tangent due to a significant increase in the grain boundary resistance of CCTO/PC ceramics. Changes in giant dielectric and nonlinear electrical properties can be well described by the internal barrier layer capacitor model based on space charge polarization at the internal interfaces.
Towards scalable bosonic quantum error correction
Authors: Terhal B M , Conrad J , Vuillot C 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We review some of the recent efforts in devising and engineering bosonic qubits for superconducting devices, with emphasis on the Gottesman–Kitaev–Preskill (GKP) qubit. We present some new results on decoding repeated GKP error correction using finitely-squeezed GKP ancilla qubits, exhibiting differences with previously studied stochastic error models. We discuss circuit-QED ways to realize CZ gates between GKP qubits and we discuss different scenarios for using GKP and regular qubits as building blocks in a scalable superconducting surface code architecture.
Attenuated lymphocyte activation leads to the development of immunotolerance in bovine fetuses persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus†
Authors: Georges Hanah M , Knapek Katie J , Bielefeldt-Ohmann Helle , Van Campen Hana , Hansen Thomas R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus continues to cost the cattle industry millions of dollars each year despite control measures. The primary reservoirs for bovine viral diarrhea virus are persistently infected animals, which are infected in utero and shed the virus throughout their lifetime. The difficulty in controlling the virus stems from a limited understanding of transplacental transmission and fetal development of immunotolerance. In this study, pregnant bovine viral diarrhea virus naïve heifers were inoculated with bovine viral diarrhea virus on day 75 of gestation and fetal spleens were collected on gestational days 82, 97, 190, and 245. Microarray analysis on splenic RNA from days 82 and 97 revealed an increase in signaling for the innate immune system and antigen presentation to T cells in day 97 persistently infected fetuses compared to controls. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction on select targets validated the microarray revealing a downregulation of type I interferons and lymphocyte markers in day 190 persistently infected fetuses compared to controls. Protein was visualized using western blot and tissue sections were analyzed with hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Data collected indicate that fetal immunotolerance to bovine viral diarrhea virus developed between days 97 and 190, with mass attenuation of the immune system on day 190 of gestation. Furthermore, lymphocyte transcripts were initially unchanged then downregulated, suggesting that immunotolerance to the virus stems from a blockage in lymphocyte activation and hence an inability to clear the virus. The identification of lymphocyte derived immunotolerance will aid in the development of preventative and viral control measures to implement before or during pregnancy.
Achieving MSW Students’ Learning Success: A National Survey of All MSW Degree Programmes in China
Authors: Wang Yean , Zhang Huan , Wang Siyao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Master of Social Work (MSW) training is important for professional development and has created high expectations for social work education in China. However, few studies have evaluated MSW students’ learning outcomes and how students engage in the learning process. To gain insight into MSW students’ learning success, this study focusses on the relationship between students’ learning process and learning outcomes—namely, professional competence and identity—under the guidance of student engagement theory. This study involved MSW students (n = 1,201) from all 104 MSW degree programmes in China in 2017. The data analysis was based on theory-guided structural equation modelling. The results show that student engagement in academic learning is indirectly and positively related to professional competence and professional identity through the full mediating role of field learning. In addition, students’ BSW background and university resources played moderating roles in the relationships between engagement in academic learning and professional identity and between engagement in field learning and professional competence. Field education strengthens students’ achievements. These results could lead to a better understanding of the characteristics of students’ learning engagement and aid the design of adaptable teaching plans. These results may also lead to new ideas for the further modification of social work education in China.
The biogeography of the megadiverse genusAnthurium(Araceae)
Authors: Reimuth Jan , Zotz Gerhard 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe tropics of the New World are a biodiversity hotspot, the genus Anthurium being an example of a megadiverse taxon with currently &gt; 1000 described species. In this study, we provide detailed information on species distributions and analyse patterns of diversity and endemism, with a particular focus on the comparison of epiphytic and terrestrial congenerics. Using a dataset of occurrence records for 1041 Anthurium spp. (c. 98% of the genus), we modelled geographical species distributions using climate-based species distribution models or buffered convex hulls depending on the number of occurrences available. We identified nine bioregions using cluster analysis. The Andean slopes, Central America, the Chocó and the Atlantic Forest in eastern Brazil are the most important centres of diversity for Anthurium, whereas endemism is highest in the central Andes. These macroecological patterns agree largely with diversity centres for other Neotropical plant groups. Epiphytes, accounting for about two-thirds of all species, have much larger range sizes than terrestrials, but do not differ in elevational ranges. Almost 40% of all Anthurium spp. are restricted to the lowlands, but a few species grow at elevations of almost 4000 m. Although individual species have an average elevation range of just c. 1000 m, there are taxa that cover &gt; 3500 m of elevation.
Cohort profile: the ESC EURObservational Research Programme Atrial Fibrillation III (AF III) Registry
Authors: Potpara Tatjana S , Lip Gregory Y H , Dagres Nikolaos , Crijns Harry J M G , Boriani Giuseppe , Kirchhof Paulus , Arbelo Elena , Savelieva Irina , Lenarczyk Radoslaw , Fauchier Laurent , Maggioni Aldo P , Gale Chris P ,   the EORP-AF III Investigators Group
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Aims
The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) EURObservational Research Programme (EORP)-Atrial Fibrillation (AF) III Registry aims to identify contemporary patterns in AF management in clinical practice, assess their compliance with the 2016 ESC AF Guidelines, identify major gaps in guideline implementation, characterize the clinical practice settings associated with good vs. poor guideline implementation and assess and compare the 1-year outcome of guideline-adherent vs. guideline non-adherent management strategies.

Methods and results
Consecutive adult AF patients (n = 8306) were enrolled between 1 July 2018 and 15 July 2019, and individual patient data were prospectively collected across 192 centres and 31 participating countries during the 3-month enrolment period per centre. The Registry collected baseline and 1-year follow-up data in the eight main domains: patient demographic/enrolment setting, AF diagnosis/characterization, diagnostic assessment, stroke prevention treatments, arrhythmia-directed therapies, integrated AF management, major outcomes (death, non-fatal stroke or systemic embolic event, and non-fatal bleeding event), and the quality of life questionnaire.

Conclusion
The EORP-AF III Registry is an international, prospective registry of care and outcomes of patients treated for AF, which will provide insights into the contemporary patterns in AF management, ESC AF Guidelines implementation in routine practice and barriers to optimal management of this highly prevalent arrhythmia.
Does objectively measured light-intensity physical activity reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality? A meta-analysis
Authors: Qiu Shanhu , Cai Xue , Jia Lijing , Sun Zilin , Wu Tongzhi , Wendt Janine , Steinacker Jürgen Michael , Schumann Uwe 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Aims
Current physical activity guidelines emphasize little on light-intensity physical activity (LPA) in terms of reducing the risk of cardiovascular mortality. This meta-analysis aimed to bridge this gap by assessing their association using objectively measured LPA data.

Methods and results
Databases of PubMed and Scopus were searched to April 2020 for prospective cohort studies that reported the association of LPA assessed by activity monitors with the risk of cardiovascular mortality in the general population. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model. Dose–response and subgroup analyses were also performed. Six cohort studies with seven datasets enrolling 13 960 participants were included. LPA was all measured by accelerometers. The HR of LPA per 30 min/day for cardiovascular mortality was pooled to be 0.80 (95% CI 0.67–0.96). This association was non-linearly shaped (Pnonlinearity &lt; 0.01) and unaffected by sex difference. Moreover, substituting LPA for sedentary time of 30 min/day lowered the risk of cardiovascular mortality by 16% (95% CI 0.73–0.96). Results showed further that LPA was inferior to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in reducing the risk of cardiovascular mortality when performed with an equal time-length set at 30 min/day (HR 0.83 vs. 0.54, Pcomparison = 0.046), but became comparable if at an equal activity-amount set at 150 metabolic equivalents-min/day (HR 0.67 vs. 0.54, Pcomparison = 0.41).

Conclusion
LPA shows potential in reducing the risk of cardiovascular mortality, and interventions targeting at LPA improvement are worth being encouraged.