bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implant system for treatment of the orbital floor defects of blowout fractures in the maxillofacial region using polypropylene yarn and bioactive bone cement
Authors: Wekwejt Marcin , Etmańska Damroka , Halman Aleksandra , Pałubicka Anna , Świeczko‐Żurek Beata , Gajowiec Grzegorz 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFractures in the craniofacial region are a serious problem in terms of treatment. The most reasonable solution is the use of individual implants dedicated to a specific patient. The aim of this study was to develop the implant system specifically for treatment of the orbital floor defects of blowout fractures of maxillofacial region, using polypropylene yarn and bone cement. Three types of bone cement were used to fix the polypropylene yarn: unmodified, antibiotic‐loaded, and modified with nanometals. The following research was carried out: selection of cement production parameters, assessment of the curing time, measurement of polymerization temperature, an analysis of microstructure and surface topography, evaluation of wettability, measurement of microhardness, and studies of bactericidal effectiveness. The research confirms the possibility of using bone cement and polypropylene yarn for an individual implant, dedicated to the fractures treatment in the maxillofacial region. Moreover, the bactericidal properties of the proposed modifications for bone cement have been verified; hence, bioactive cements are recommended for use in the case of infectious complications.
Conditionalities of Public Microfinance and the Rural Poor: Voices From the Below
Authors: Chowdhury Mohammad Shahjahan , Ahmmed Faisal , Hossain Md. Ismail 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper examines microfinance conditionalities of the Bangladesh Rural Development Board in Bangladesh from clients' and providers' perspectives based on a qualitative case study. The study reveals that the credit is less poor focus in terms of amount and disbursement procedure. Additionally, group liability and cooperatives are used as tactics for surveillance and punishment instead of invigorating collective effort. Saving and share work as disciplinary instruments instead of capital accumulation. Besides, service is regarded as a conditional commodity, and skill development becomes individual responsibility. The study implies listening to the voice of the poor and redesigning antipoverty programmes based on the need felt by them. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predictors of long‐term survival in patients with hepatic resection of colorectal metastases: Analysis of a Brazilian Cancer Center Cohort
Authors: Vaz da Silva Diego G. , Ribeiro Heber S. C. , Arra Dante A. S. M. , Torres Silvio M. , Diniz Alessandro L. , Godoy André L. , Farias Igor C. , Costa Wilson L. , Coimbra Felipe J. F. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundHepatic metastases are a major cause of death in patients with colorectal cancer. A comprehensive assessment of the prognostic factors associated with long‐term survival could improve patient selection for surgical approaches and decrease morbidity and futile locoregional treatments.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases at a single center from 2000 to 2012.ResultsTo identify factors associated with 5‐ and 10‐year overall (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS), we analyzed 280 patients and 150 patients in the 5‐ and 10‐year cohorts, respectively. Only seven relapses occurred after 5 years of follow‐up, and no relapses occurred after 10 years. Multivariable analysis indicated that bilobar disease and extra‐hepatic disease before hepatectomy were independent 5‐ and 10‐year predictors of OS, and major postoperative complications predicted OS in the 5‐year survival cohort only. Our analysis indicated that prognostic factors associated with DFS included some confounders and was therefore inconclusive.ConclusionsTaken together, our results suggest that the predictors of 5‐ and 10‐year OS rates of colorectal cancer patients with hepatic metastases are similar, differing only by postoperative complications that influenced exclusively 5‐year survival. Since no relapse occurred 10 years after hepatic resection, oncological remission is likely.
Study on the Effects of Potential Affecting Factors on the Midurethral Volume by High‐Frequency 3‐Dimensional Transvaginal Ultrasound
Authors: Yue Song , Xuan Yinghua , Wang Jingjing , Yang Liman , An Yuanyuan , Wu Qingqing 
Published: March 2020

ObjectivesThe anatomic integrity of the female mid urethra is an important factor for urinary continence. However, the associations between the urethral volume and potential affecting factors still remain uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of potential factors, including age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), parity number, delivery mode, and menopause, on the midurethral volume to assist in more‐accurate evaluations of urethral anatomy and urinary continence mechanisms in clinical practice.MethodsA total of 244 women were included in this study. All patients had no incontinence symptoms and underwent transvaginal ultrasound examinations. Detailed histories and demographic data were collected. Urethral volumes were acquired, and volume parameters were measured offline, including the urethral sphincter volume (USV), midurethral complex volume (CV), and inner core volume (ICV). Correlations were analyzed by the Spearman test. For categorical variables, an analysis of variance, Mann‐Whitney tests, or Kruskal‐Wallis tests were used to estimate associations of potential affecting factors and volumes.ResultsThe mean age, height, weight, and BMI ± SD of the patients were 35.42 ± 9.88 years, 161.50 ± 4.96 cm, 60.72 ± 11.42 kg, and 23.29 ± 4.20 kg/m2, respectively. Among potential affecting factors, age had a weak correlation with the USV, CV, and ICV (P = .031, .003, and .004; r = 0.140, 0.193, and 0.187), whereas parity numbers significantly affected the USV, CV, and ICV (P = .014, .021, and .026). The urethral volume became larger with increasing parity. Height (P = .391, .637, and .647), weight (P = .077, .130, and .245), BMI (P = .583, .592, and .643), delivery mode (P = .483, .171, and .104), and menopausal status (P = .611, .717, and .830) had no significant impact on the midurethral volume data (USV, CV, and ICV).ConclusionsThe midurethral volume tended to increase with age and parity in continent women.
Molecular characterization of hemophilia B patients in Colombia
Authors: Parrado Jara Yolima A. , Yunis Hazbun Luz K. , Linares Adriana , Yunis Londoño Juan J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundHemophilia B (HB) is a coagulation disorder with an X‐linked recessive inheritance pattern, caused by plasma FIX deficiency. In Colombia, HB is considered a rare and high‐cost disease, with 362 males reported in 2017.MethodsHere, we characterized 20 HB apparently unrelated families by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing.ResultsFourteen unique variants were identified: seven missense, three nonsense, one variant in the 3′ UTR region, two large deletions >50 bp, and one intronic substitution that affects splicing c.520+13A>G that was present in 7/20 patients (35%). All these variants have been previously reported in the literature, except for exons 3 and 4, deletions, present in one patient. The genotype‐phenotype association correlates with the reported in the literature, with the exception of one patient.ConclusionThis molecular analysis allowed us to establish the causal variant of HB in 100% of patients, to provide the appropriate genetic counseling to each of the families, and to propose a more cost‐effective carrier analysis. Here, we reported the first variants in Colombian population with Hemophilia B, finding a new variant and one intron recurrent variant present in 35% of patients.
Crystallinity in quasi‐alternating cycloolefin copolymers: Overcoming brittleness
Authors: Moon Seung Hyun , Park Kyung Lee , Baek Jun Won , Lee Hyun Ju , Choi Ji‐Hwan , Lee Yeonju , Lee Bun Yeoul 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCycloolefin copolymers (COCs, which are produced via ethylene/cycloolefin copolymerization) and cycloolefin polymers (COPs, which are synthesized by a rather complicated two‐step process via ring‐opening metathesis polymerization and subsequent hydrogenation) are commercialized materials used especially widely in optical applications. Although a COP can be used after processing into a film, films made from conventional COCs are too brittle. Optical‐grade COCs and COPs are generally known as amorphous polymers. By contrast, here, a quasi‐alternating ethylene/norbornene copolymer (norbornene content 56 mol%), prepared from a constrained‐geometry Hf complex, shows some melting (Tm) signals in a broad temperature range (150–200°C) in the first heating scan of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) when the samples are prepared by precipitation from a toluene solution. In the second heating scan, only glass transition (Tg) signals are observed at ~140°C with disappearance of Tm signals. The quasi‐alternating ethylene/norbornene copolymer has better mechanical properties (greater elongation at break) than random congeners, which do not show any melting signal, though elongation at break is still inferior to that of the COP which shows the melting signal in the first heating scan of DSC. The enhanced mechanical properties of the quasi‐alternating ethylene/norbornene copolymer and commercial‐grade COP may be ascribed to semicrystallinity observed in the first heating scan.
Development of a multivariable risk model integrating urinary cell DNA methylation and cell‐free RNA data for the detection of significant prostate cancer
Authors: Connell Shea P. , O'Reilly Eve , Tuzova Alexandra , Webb Martyn , Hurst Rachel , Mills  Robert , Zhao Fang , Bapat Bharati , Cooper Colin S. , Perry Antoinette S. , Clark Jeremy , Brewer Daniel S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundProstate cancer exhibits severe clinical heterogeneity and there is a critical need for clinically implementable tools able to precisely and noninvasively identify patients that can either be safely removed from treatment pathways or those requiring further follow up. Our objectives were to develop a multivariable risk prediction model through the integration of clinical, urine‐derived cell‐free messenger RNA (cf‐RNA) and urine cell DNA methylation data capable of noninvasively detecting significant prostate cancer in biopsy naïve patients.MethodsPost‐digital rectal examination urine samples previously analyzed separately for both cellular methylation and cf‐RNA expression within the Movember GAP1 urine biomarker cohort were selected for a fully integrated analysis (n = 207). A robust feature selection framework, based on bootstrap resampling and permutation, was utilized to find the optimal combination of clinical and urinary markers in a random forest model, deemed ExoMeth. Out‐of‐bag predictions from ExoMeth were used for diagnostic evaluation in men with a clinical suspicion of prostate cancer (PSA ≥ 4 ng/mL, adverse digital rectal examination, age, or lower urinary tract symptoms).ResultsAs ExoMeth risk score (range, 0‐1) increased, the likelihood of high‐grade disease being detected on biopsy was significantly greater (odds ratio = 2.04 per 0.1 ExoMeth increase, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.78‐2.35). On an initial TRUS biopsy, ExoMeth accurately predicted the presence of Gleason score ≥3 + 4, area under the receiver‐operator characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.84‐0.93) and was additionally capable of detecting any cancer on biopsy, AUC = 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87‐0.95). Application of ExoMeth provided a net benefit over current standards of care and has the potential to reduce unnecessary biopsies by 66% when a risk threshold of 0.25 is accepted.ConclusionIntegration of urinary biomarkers across multiple assay methods has greater diagnostic ability than either method in isolation, providing superior predictive ability of biopsy outcomes. ExoMeth represents a more holistic view of urinary biomarkers and has the potential to result in substantial changes to how patients suspected of harboring prostate cancer are diagnosed.
Study on large‐scale steam explosion of molten aluminum and water
Authors: Shen Zhengxiang , Chen Hu , Lv Zhongjie , Wang Du , Chen Dingyue , Huang Fenglei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExplosive interaction can be originated from an inadvertent contract of molten metal and water, and most explosive accidents to date have been reported in the aluminum industry. In most cases, this incident is not a major problem to production, but do occur at some plants. Most previous work at small‐scale experiments by bringing melt droplets into a water pool, with external trigger and controlled condition. These results are difficult to extend to large‐scale events for the effect of scale. A new self‐triggering test setup to deal with ~10 kg molten aluminum for interaction under open condition was designed in this article, and the explosion energetics were first measured quantitatively. Results show that the mild explosion often occurs at relatively high aluminum/water mass ratio. Conversely, an intense explosion is more likely with higher water content. The peak temperature of intense explosion is only 247°C, and the overpressure detected in the surroundings is about 0.113 MPa. It is suggested that the carbon steel with high surface wettability could promote a spontaneous explosion, and the merely addition of metal oxide has little effect on the initiation of explosion. In view of above, two possible explosion scenarios are assessed on the superheated limit theory.
Resonant electron impact excitation of highly charged Fe ions studied with a compact electron beam ion trap
Authors: Monobe Masashi , Sakaue Hiroyuki A. , Kato Daiji , Murakami Izumi , Hara Hirohisa , Watanabe Tetsuya , Nakamura Nobuyuki 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe present extreme ultraviolet spectra of 3s3p–3s3d transitions in Fe14+ observed with a compact electron beam ion trap. The contributions of indirect excitation via a metastable state and resonant excitation are studied by observing the electron energy dependence of the spectra for the energy range of 60–210 eV. The results indicate that the 3s3d 1D2 level is directly excited from the 3s2 ground state whereas the 3s3d 3D3 level has a large contribution of the indirect excitation via the 3s3p 3P2 metastable state. Comparisons with the theoretical excitation cross sections including MNn resonant excitations show good qualitative agreement with the experimental results for the electron energy dependent features.
Erforschung von Erkrankungen in der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie. Die wichtigsten gesundheitlichen Endpunkte und ihre Erfassung
Authors: Ahrens Wolfgang , Greiser Karin H. , Linseisen Jakob , Pischon Tobias , Pigeot Iris 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungIm Mittelpunkt der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie, der bislang größten populationsbezogenen Kohortenstudie in Deutschland, steht die Erforschung von typischen Volkskrankheiten wie Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen, Diabetes, Krebs, neurologischen und psychiatrischen Erkrankungen sowie häufigen Atemwegs- und Infektionserkrankungen. Anhand dieser Kohorte sollen Fragen zum Einfluss von Faktoren, wie z. B. Genen, Umwelteinflüssen und Lebensstil, auf die Krankheitsentstehung beantwortet werden. Ein weiterer Fokus richtet sich auf die frühzeitige Erkennung von sich anbahnenden Erkrankungen anhand subklinischer Marker. Dazu muss ein umfassendes Bild der gesundheitlichen Endpunkte, aber auch aller möglichen Expositionen gewonnen werden.Dieser Beitrag konzentriert sich auf die Beschreibung der verschiedenen gesundheitlichen Endpunkte, die in der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie erfasst werden, und der Untersuchungsmodule, die zur tiefgehenden Phänotypisierung der Studienteilnehmerinnen und -teilnehmer eingesetzt werden. Durch die wiederholte Gewinnung von Bioproben und die Durchführung funktioneller Messungen sowie moderner bildgebender Verfahren zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten lässt sich insbesondere die Dynamik physiologischer Veränderungen des individuellen Gesundheitszustands abbilden und der prognostische Wert dieser Veränderungen für die Krankheitsentstehung untersuchen; die daraus gewonnenen Erkenntnisse können die Basis für neuartige Präventionsansätze und die Weiterentwicklung personalisierter Medizin bilden. Neu auftretende Erkrankungen werden sowohl über Selbstangaben der Studienteilnehmer als auch über die Verknüpfung mit Krankenkassen- und Krebsregisterdaten erfasst. Um eine hohe Qualität der so erhobenen Diagnosen zu erreichen, werden zusätzlich Informationen von behandelnden Ärzten eingeholt.
Online help for people with suicidal thoughts provided by charities and healthcare organisations: a qualitative study of users’ perceptions
Authors: Biddle Lucy , Derges Jane , Goldsmith Carlie , Donovan Jenny L. , Gunnell David 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Internet use is common among people with suicidal feelings and a considerable amount of suicide help material is available online. Despite attempts to promote formal help sites (e.g. governmental and charity sector) in internet search results, users’ evaluation of these sites is lacking. This study, therefore, aimed to explore distressed users’ perceptions of formal online help and their experiences of using this in times of crisis.

Methods
In-depth interview study of 53 adults reporting suicide-related internet use.

Results
While highly valued in relation to general mental health problems, formal sites were not perceived to meet the different needs of those experiencing suicidal thoughts, and did not engage individuals in crisis. Sites were criticised for being impersonal, dispassionate, too focused on information-giving, and lacking solutions that were novel or sensitive to reasons why an individual may choose to seek help online. Most participants criticised the tendency for sites to signpost to offline services as their primary response. Participants desired immediacy and responsive online help incorporating ‘live chat’, self-help tools, opportunities to interact with others and lived-experience content. Positive accounts of seeking online help described sites incorporating these features.

Conclusions
Formal online help services should be reappraised to ensure they meet users’ needs for immediacy and responsive help to capitalise upon the opportunity available for suicide prevention.
Common belief in future and restricted past rationality
Authors: Becerril-Borja Rubén , Perea Andrés 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe introduce the idea that a player believes at every stage of a dynamic game that his opponents will choose rationally in the future and have chosen rationally in a restricted way in the past. This is summarized by the concept of common belief in future and restricted past rationality, which is defined epistemically. Moreover, it is shown that every properly rationalizable strategy of the normal form of a dynamic game can be chosen in the dynamic game under common belief in future and restricted past rationality. We also present an algorithm that uses strict dominance, and show that it selects exactly those strategies that can be chosen under common belief in future and restricted past rationality.
Multiparametric imaging hippocampal neurodegeneration and functional connectivity with simultaneous PET/MRI in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Yan Shaozhen , Zheng Chaojie , Cui Bixiao , Qi Zhigang , Zhao Zhilian , An Yanhong , Qiao Liyan , Han Ying , Zhou Yun , Lu Jie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this study is to investigate the hippocampal neurodegeneration and its associated aberrant functions in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients using simultaneous PET/MRI.

Methods
Forty-two cognitively normal controls (NC), 38 MCI, and 22 AD patients were enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent 18F-FDG PET/functional MRI (fMRI) and high-resolution T1-weighted MRI scans on a hybrid GE Signa PET/MRI scanner. Neurodegeneration in hippocampus and its subregions was quantified by regional gray matter volume and 18F-FDG standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) relative to cerebellum. An iterative reblurred Van Cittert iteration method was used for voxelwise partial volume correction on 18F-FDG PET images. Regional gray matter volume was estimated from voxel-based morphometric analysis with MRI. fMRI data were analyzed after slice time correction and head motion correction using statistical parametric mapping (SPM12) with DPARSF toolbox. The regions of interest including hippocampus, cornu ammonis (CA1), CA2/3/dentate gyrus (DG), and subiculum were defined in the standard MNI space.

Results
Patient groups had reduced SUVR, gray matter volume, and functional connectivity compared to NC in CA1, CA2/3/DG, and subiculum (AD < MCI < NC). There was a linear correlation between the left CA2/3DG gray matter volume and 18F-FDG SUVR in AD patients (P < 0.001, r = 0.737). Significant correlation was also found between left CA2/3/DG-superior medial frontal gyrus functional connectivity and left CA2/3/DG hypometabolism in patients with AD. The functional connectivity of right CA1-precuneus in patients with MCI and right subiculum-superior frontal gyrus in patients with AD was positively correlated with mini mental status examination scores (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate that the associations existed at subregional hippocampal level between the functional connectivity measured by fMRI and neurodegeneration measured by structural MRI and 18F-FDG PET. Our results may provide a basis for precision neuroimaging of hippocampus in AD.
Cancer testis antigen Cyclin A1 harbors several HLA-A*02:01-restricted T cell epitopes, which are presented and recognized in vivo
Authors: Teck Anja Tatjana , Urban Sabrina , Quass Petra , Nelde Annika , Schuster Heiko , Letsch Anne , Busse Antonia , Walz Juliane Sarah , Keilholz Ulrich , Ochsenreither Sebastian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCyclin A1 is a promising antigen for T cell therapy being selectively expressed in high-grade ovarian cancer (OC) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) stem cells. For adoptive T cell therapy, a single epitope has to be selected, with high affinity to MHC class I and adequate processing and presentation by malignant cells to trigger full activation of specific T cells. In silico prediction with three algorithms indicated 13 peptides of Cyclin A1 9 to 11 amino acids of length to have high affinity to HLA-A*02:01. Ten of them proved to be affine in an HLA stabilization assay using TAP-deficient T2 cells. Their immunogenicity was assessed by repetitive stimulation of CD8+T cells from two healthy donors with single-peptide-pulsed dendritic cells or monocytes. Intracellular cytokine staining quantified the enrichment of peptide-specific functional T cells. Seven peptides were immunogenic, three of them against both donors. Specific cell lines were cloned and used in killing assays to demonstrate recognition of endogenous Cyclin A1 in the HLA-A*02:01-positive AML cell line THP-1. Immunopeptidome analysis based on direct isolation of HLA-presented peptides by mass spectrometry of primary AML and OC samples identified four naturally presented epitopes of Cyclin A1. The immunopeptidome of HeLa cells transfected with Cyclin A1 and HLA-A*02:01 revealed six Cyclin A1-derived HLA ligands. Epitope p410–420 showed high affinity to HLA-A*02:01 and immunogenicity in both donors. It proved to be naturally presented on primary AML blast and provoked spontaneous functional response of T cells from treatment naïve OC and, therefore, warrants further development for clinical application.