bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive Effect of Single-Dose Measles Vaccination in Reducing the Incidence of Pneumonia in Children with Measles
Authors: Bağcı Zafer , Daki Yunis Yusuf 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Aim
Measles is a worldwide common, highly infectious and vaccine-preventable contagious disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. We investigated the effects of administering single-dose measles vaccination in children with measles on the incidence of pneumonia and hospitalization.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively analysed the hospital records of children aged 0–18 years who were diagnosed with measles within a year before the study in a training and research hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia. We compared the measles vaccine ratios, hospitalization rates, hospitalization duration and pneumonia development rates.

Results
We found that 34 (15.6%) patients had received measles vaccination, while 184 (84.4%) did not receive the vaccination. All the vaccinated patients received only a single dose of the vaccine. The proportion of those who had received pneumonia vaccine (14/34, 41.2%) was significantly lower than that of those who had never received a dose of measles containing vaccine (179/184, 97.3%) (p = 0.001). Moreover, patients who were immunized [n = 3 (3.1%)] had a significantly lower hospitalization rate than those who were not immunized [n = 94 (96.9%)] (p = 0.001).

Conclusion
The risk of pneumonia in children with measles vaccination, rate of hospitalization and length of hospital stay was significantly lower in children who had received even a single dose of the vaccine when compared with that in those who had not vaccinated. The results of this study reiterate the need for more effective global measles vaccination.
Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk of colorectal cancer
Authors: Zuo Yuling , Jing Zhao , Bie Mingjiang , Xu Chunyan , Hao Xinyu , Wang Baoning 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background:
The existing evidence on the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk of colorectal cancer is inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review with a meta-analysis to explore this relationship and to determine whether the relationship varies according to the study characteristics.

Methods:
We searched the PubMed, OVID, EMBASE database, and the reference lists of pertinent articles published up to October 2019 by 2 researchers independently. Summary odds ratios (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random-effects model.

Results:
Forty seven studies including 17,416 cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) and 55,811 cases of control were included. Overall, H. pylori infection was associated with an increased risk of CRC (OR = 1.70 95% CI 1.64–1.76, I
2 = 97%), although there was significant heterogeneity among the studies. Subgroup analysis revealed that the positive correlation might vary by the design of study conducted.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis demonstrates a positive association between H. pylori infection and the risk of colorectal cancer.
Improved grip myotonia in a patient with myotonic dystrophy type 1 following electroacupuncture therapy
Authors: Yoon Sang-Hoon , Baek Jang-Hyun , Leem Jungtae 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal-dominant disorder associated with a short life expectancy and various symptoms, including grip myotonia. Even though grip myotonia decreases quality of life, activities of daily living (ADLs), and work performance, very few interventions provide symptomatic relief.

Patient concerns:
In this case report, we present a patient with DM1 and gradually worsening grip myotonia. A 35-year-old woman developed grip myotonia at age 27. She had no underlying diseases or family history of relevant conditions, including DM1. She was unresponsive to medication for several years.

Diagnosis:
Her symptoms gradually worsened, and she was finally diagnosed with DM1 via genetic, neurologic, and laboratory testing in a tertiary hospital at age 32. She tried several medication therapies; however, she stopped medication at age 34 due a perceived poor response and several adverse events.

Intervention:
At the age of 35, she underwent 29 sessions (10 minutes per session) of electroacupuncture therapy on TE9 acupuncture point with 120 Hz electrical stimulation over 3 months.

Outcomes:
After 3 months, relaxation time after maximal voluntary isometric contraction decreased from 59 to 2 seconds with treatment. Her Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire score improved (total score, 66.6–75.9; ADL sub-score, 59.7–73.6; function sub-score, 70–90; satisfaction sub-score, 75–91.7). Her Measure Yourself Medical Outcome Profile 2 score also improved from 4.33 to 2. There were no serious adverse events.

Lessons:
Electroacupuncture is a potential treatment modality and produced an immediate antimyotonic effect, and cumulative long-term treatment effect, in a patient with DM1 and grip myotonia. Other notable treatment outcomes included improving relaxation time, hand function, ADLs, and overall satisfaction. Electroacupuncture is a potential treatment modality for patients with DM1 and grip myotonia. Further prospective clinical studies are warranted to confirm this hypothesis.
Prognostic value of long non-coding RNAs in triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Ma Feixia , Xie Xiaohong , Shen Yong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and lethal subtype of breast cancer. Accumulating evidence showed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are abnormally expressed in TNBC and could be valuable prognostic tools for TNBC patients. This study aims to research the prognostic value of lncRNAs in TNBC, using the meta-analysis method.

Methods
We performed a detailed literature search on Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies on the prognostic value of lncRNAs in TNBC. The meta-analysis method was used to determine the relationship between lncRNAs expression and survival of TNBC patients.

Results
A total of 2803 TNBC patients and 24 lncRNAs from 27 different articles were included in the present study. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that overexpression of lncRNAs in a group that is upregulated in TBNC showed a significant association with poor overall survival (HR = 1.86, 95%CI = 1.45–2.27, I2 = 41.9%) and disease-free survival (HR = 1.85, 95%CI = 1.37–2.33, I2 = 0%). Conversely, overexpression of lncRNAs in a downregulation group was markedly related to good overall survival (HR = 0.60, 95%CI = 0.43–0.77, I2 = 28.6%). Moreover, expression of lncRNA SNHG12, MALAT1, HOTAIR, HIF1A-AS2, HULC, LINC00096, ZEB2-AS1, LUCAT1, and LINC000173 showed a marked correlation with positive lymph node metastasis (LNM), while lncRNA MIR503HG, GAS5, TCONS_l2_00002973 showed the opposite effect. High expression level of MALAT1, HIF1A-AS2, HULC, LINC00096, ADPGK-AS1, ZEB2-AS1, LUCAT1 were positively correlated with distant metastasis (DM), while lncRNA MIR503HG showed the opposite effect. In addition, the mechanisms of lncRNAs in TNBC were summarized.

Conclusions
This meta-analysis demonstrated that abnormally expressed lncRNA were significantly associated with the survival of TNBC patients and may serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for TNBC prognosis.
Differences in antibiotic usage patterns for acute pyelonephritis according to hospital type and region in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Myung Rangmi , Han Jun Hee , Kim Bongyoung 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the differences in antibiotic usage patterns in the treatment of acute pyelonephritis according to hospital type and region in Korea.
The claims database of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in Korea was used to select patients with the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision code N10 (acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis) or N12 (tubulo-interstitial nephritis, neither acute nor chronic) as the primary discharge diagnosis in 2010-2014. Usage of each class of antibiotics was expressed as the defined daily dose (DDD)/event.
The average antibiotic usage per inpatient event was 11.3 DDD. The average antibiotic usage was the highest among patients admitted to tertiary hospitals (13.8 DDD), followed by those admitted to secondary hospitals (11.5 DDD), clinics (10.0 DDD), and primary hospitals (9.8 DDD). According to the geographic analyses, third-generation cephalosporins were highly prescribed in some southern regions; fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides were highly prescribed in some centrally located regions of the Korean peninsula. The hotspots for carbapenem usage included Seoul and Gyeonggi province cluster and Busan cluster: these regions include the capital city and the second biggest city in Korea, respectively.
In conclusion, the antibiotic usage patterns for acute pyelonephritis in Korea differ according to the hospital type and region.
Neonatal-onset multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) in the ETFDH gene
Authors: Ding Meijuan , Liu Ruihua , Qiubo Li , Zhang Yanke , Kong Qingxia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) is a rare inborn error of metabolism affecting fatty acid, amino acid, and choline metabolism. The clinical manifestation of MADD is heterogeneous, from severe neonatal forms to mild late-onset forms.

Patient concerns:
Here, we report a patient who presented with severe hypoglycemia and exercise intolerance suggestive of MADD. Serum tandem mass spectrometry analysis indicated elevated levels of various acyl carnitines at 25 days of age. Exome sequencing of the proband revealed compound heterozygous mutations, c. 413T>G (p.Leu138Arg) and c.1667C > G (p.Pro556Arg), in the ETFDH gene as the probable causative mutations.

Diagnoses:
Based on the patient's clinical presentation and test results, the patient was diagnosed with MADD.

Interventions:
A high-calorie and reduced-fat diet was given together with oral supplements of L-carnitine (150 mg/day).

Outcomes:
He passed away at the age of 4 months because of severe respiratory distress accompanied by muscle weakness.

Lessons:
He passed away at the age of 4 months because of severe respiratory distress accompanied by muscle weakness. Clinicians should consider MADD in the differential diagnosis when patients present with muscle weakness and biochemical abnormalities. Gene testing plays a critical role in confirming the diagnosis of MADD and may not only prevent the need for invasive testing but also allow for timely initiation of treatment.
Femoral nerve block versus obturator nerve block for pain management after total knee replacement
Authors: Zhang Wei , Lin Peng , Zhang Fuheng , Wang Ji 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background:
Several studies reported short-term analgesic efficacy of obturator nerve block (ONB), as in comparison with the femoral nerve block (FNB) in the treatment of postoperative pain after the total knee replacement (TKR). The optimal method remains under debate. The purpose of our current work is to compare the safety and efficacy of FNB and ONB for postoperative analgesia after TKR.

Methods:
This prospective, randomized, and controlled study was performed from January 2018 to December 2019. It was authorized via the Institutional Review Committee in NO.971 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Navy (2019-PLAN-132).
Two hundred patients were divided randomly into 2 groups, the control group (n = 100) and study group (n = 100). The experimental group received FNB and control groups received ONB. Primary outcome included pain at different time point (Visual Analogue Scale score of anterior knee pain at rest and in motion). The Visual Analogue Scale scores were marked by patients themselves on a paper with a graduated line starting at 0 (no pain) and ending at 10 (the most painful). Opioid consumption was converted to equivalents of oral morphine uniformly for statistical analysis. Secondary outcomes included the knee range of motion, the hospital stay length as well as the postoperative complications such as pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis.

Results:
Table 1 will show the clinical outcomes between the 2 groups.

Conclusion:
This trial would provide an evidence for the use of different types of peripheral nerve blocks in TKR.
Efficacy and safety of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 combined with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Liu Yan , Fu Xiaoxu , Xie Chunguang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background:
Diabetes is a common chronic metabolic disease. COVID-19 is a large-scale infectious disease that broke out in 2019, and 212 countries have now been infected with this infectious disease. Some studies have shown that COVID-19 combined with diabetes is an independent risk factor for death or other adverse outcomes. There is currently no specific and effective drug treatment. More and more people have realized that the low-cost CQ and its derivative HCQ have antiviral and anti-inflammatory capabilities and may play a huge role in the fight against COVID-19. At the same time, HCQ can be used as an oral hypoglycemic agent and has the effect of lowering blood glucose. However, there is no evidence-based medicine to confirm the effectiveness and safety of CQ and HCQ in the treatment of COVID-19 patients with diabetes. Therefore, we will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize the existing clinical evidences.

Methods and analysis:
Chinese literature comes from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM databases. English literature mainly searches Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE. We will retrieve each database from December 2019 to August 2020. At the same time, we will look for clinical trial registration and gray literature. This study only included clinical randomized controlled trials. The reviewers independently conduct literature selection, data analysis, quality analysis, and evaluation. The primary outcomes include Sputum virus nucleic acid negative time, lung imaging improvement time, mortality rate, mechanical ventilation rate, ICU hospitalization time, hospitalization time, clinical improvement, symptoms Improvement, fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting insulin, adverse reactions, etc. Finally, we will conducted a meta-analysis through Review Manager Software version 5.3.

Results:
The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at a relevant conference.

Conclusion:
This study will explore the effectiveness and safety of CQ and HCQ in the treatment of COVID-19 patients with diabetes. It will provide evidence-based medical evidence for CQ and HCQ in the treatment of diabetes with COVID-19.

Registration number:
INPLASY202070109.
Efficacy and safety of ERCP in patients with gastroesophageal varices
Authors: Hong Junbo , Zuo Wei , Wang Anjiang , Zhu Liang , Zhou Xiaodong , Zhou Xiaojiang , Li Guohua , Liu Zhijian , Liu Pi , Zhen Hao , Zhu Yong , Ma Jiuhong , Yuan Jianhui , Shu Xu , Zhu Yin , Lu Nonghua , Chen Youxiang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Addressing pancreaticobiliary disorders concomitant with gastroesophageal varices remains challenging. The goal of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal varices.
We retrospectively analyzed the data of consecutive patients with gastroesophageal varices who underwent ERCP.
Two hundred seventy ERCP procedures were performed on 208 patients. The overall technical success rate was 98.5%, and no difference was found between cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients (98.7% vs 97.7%, P = .511); of these, endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage, endoscopic metal biliary endoprosthesis placement, endoscopic retrograde pancreatic drainage, and stone extraction were conducted in 173/270 (64.1%), 27/270 (10.0%), 26/270 (9.6%), and 116/270 (43.0%) cases, respectively. Endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage and stone extraction were more frequently performed in cirrhotic cases (67.7% versus 45.5%, P = .005; 46.5% versus 25.0%, P = .009, respectively), while the noncirrhotic group had significantly higher rates of endoscopic metal biliary endoprosthesis placement (31.8% versus 5.8%, P = .000) and endoscopic retrograde pancreatic drainage (18.2% versus 8.0%, P = .036) than the cirrhotic group. The overall rate of adverse events was 21.1%, including fever (6.7%), post-ERCP pancreatitis ( 3.0%), hyperamylasemia (6.3%), duodenal papilla bleeding (3.3%), cardiac mucosal laceration (1.1%), and perforation (0.4%). No differences in any of the adverse events were found between the 2 groups. Additionally, gastroesophageal variceal bleeding occurred in 1 patient with grade III varices 7 days after ERCP.
ERCP may be effective and safe for patients with gastroesophageal varices, irrespective of the etiologies caused by liver cirrhosis.
Adding systematic biopsy to magnetic resonance ultrasound fusion targeted biopsy of the prostate in men with previous negative biopsy or enrolled in active surveillance programs
Authors: Porreca Angelo , Del Giudice Francesco , Giampaoli Marco , D’Agostino Daniele , Romagnoli Daniele , Corsi Paolo , Del Rosso Alessandro , Maggi Martina , Chung Benjamin I. , Ferro Matteo , de Cobelli Ottavio , Lucarelli Giuseppe , Schiavina Riccardo , De Berardinis Ettore , Sciarra Alessandro , Busetto Gian Maria 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) targeted biopsy (TBx) of the prostate demonstrated to improve detection rate (DR) of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) in biopsy-naive patients achieving strong level of evidence. Nevertheless, the csPCa yield for TBx alone versus TBx plus systematic biopsy (SBx) after accounting for overlapping of SBx cores with TBx cores, in prior-negative or active surveillance (AS) patients has not been well established.
The objective of the study was to investigate benefits in terms of detection rate and pathological stratification of prostate cancer (PCa) using contextual SBx during MRI-TBx.
Patients previously submitted to negative-SBx (cohort A) and those enrolled in an AS program (cohort B) who showed at least 1 suspicious area with a PIRADSv2 score ≥ 3 were prospectively and randomly assigned to only TBx strategy versus TBx plus SBx strategy. SBx locations could not encompass the TBx sites, so that the results of each type of biopsy were independent and did not overlap.
A total of 312 patients were included in the 2 cohorts (cohort A: 213 cases; cohort B: 99 cases). No significant differences were found in terms of overall PCa-DR (77.6% vs 69.6% respectively; P = .36) and csPCa-DR (48.2% vs 60.9	respectively; P = .12). The MRI-TBx alone cohort showed higher csPCa/PCa ratio (87.5% vs 62.2%; P = .03). The MRI-TBx plus SBx group subanalysis showed significantly higher csPCa-DR obtained at the MRI-TBx cores when compared with the SBx cores (43.7% vs 24.1%, respectively; P = .01). Independently to age, prostatic-specific antigen and prostate imaging-reporting and data system score, either in rebiopsy (OR 0.43, 0.21–0.97) or AS (OR 0.46, 0.32–0.89) setting, SBx cores were negatively associated with the csPCa-DR when combined to TBx cores.
MRI-TBx should be considered the elective method to perform prostate biopsy in patients with previous negative SBx and those considered for an AS program. Adding SBx samples to MRI-TBx did not improve detection rate of csPCa.
Tranexamic acid reduces blood cost in long-segment spinal fusion surgery: Retraction
Authors: Yang Linyu , Jia Xufeng , Yang Jian , Kang Jianping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective:
Long-segment spinal fusion surgery was associated with substantial perioperative blood loss which may increase hospitalization expenses and mortality rates. Substantial studies have reported that tranexamic acid (TXA) could reduce blood products and cost after joint arthroplasty surgery. However, there still exists controversy regarding the efficacy of TXA in long-segment spinal fusion surgery. We performed this protocol to design a randomized controlled study to evaluate the efficacy of TXA in decreasing transfusion rate of allogeneic blood products and transfusion cost in degenerative lumbar scoliosis patients.

Methods:
This study was carried out as a double-blinded, randomized clinical trial on patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis who prepared for long-segment spinal fusion surgery from December 2018 to December 2019. It was authorized via the Institutional Review Committee in Southwest Medical University (ky2019225). Eighty patients were divided randomly into 2 groups (Experimental group = 40, control group = 40). The patients in the experimental group received 1000 mg of TXA mixed in 100 mL normal saline as a single dose intravenously over 20 minutes before the skin incision was made. Control group received equivalent normal saline without TXA. Primary outcomes included total blood loss, estimated intraoperative blood loss, hematocrit and hemoglobin decline, postoperative drain amount, intra-/postoperative allogeneic transfusion amount and rate, and total transfusion cost. Secondary outcomes included surgical time, thrombotic complications including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. All the needed analyses were implemented through utilizing SPSS for Windows Version 20.0.

Results:
Table showed the relevant clinical outcomes between experimental group and control group.

Conclusion:
We hypothesized that TXA was effective and safe in reducing blood transfusion and cost in long-segment spinal fusion surgery.

Trial registration:
This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry5854).
Etoposide and immunotherapy can improve the outcome of severe anti-GABAB R encephalitis presenting with delta brush
Authors: Xiping Wu , Guomin Xie , Haifeng Wang , Qi Sun , Liping Zhuang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Anti-gamma-aminobutyric-acid B receptor (anti-GABAB R) encephalitis is clinically characterized by seizures, cognitive disorders, and behavioral changes. Most patients are diagnosed with small-cell lung carcinoma.

Patient concerns:
The patient suffered from a repeated grand mal seizure lasting for 10 minutes, intermittent speech vagueness, manic at night, and mental disorder.

Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis. The gamma-aminobutyric-acid B(GABAB) receptor antibody test result was positive. After a bronchoscopic biopsy, the patient was diagnosed with small-cell lung carcinoma.

Interventions:
The patient was administered with intravenous immunoglobulin and Methylprednisolone. Etoposide was used after the small-cell lung carcinoma was diagnosed.

Outcomes:
After immunotherapy, following the 4 months of Etoposide and antiseizure treatment, the neurology examination revealed a remarkable improvement. MRS score reduced from 5 to 1. Electroencephalogram (EEG) recovered to normal from an extreme delta brush (EDB) electroencephalographic-pattern.

Conclusion:
Immunotherapy and Etoposide can improve the outcome of severe anti-γ-aminobutyric acid B receptor encephalitis with small-cell lung carcinoma. After immunotherapy and antineoplastic therapy, Electroencephalogram (EEG) can be recovered to normal from an extreme delta brush.