bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Pre Natal Exercise on Pain and Anxiety Third Pregnancy Primigravida in Sukomoro Public Health Center Magetan
Authors: Rahmawati Whida , Nurwijayanti Nurwijayanti , Suhita Byba Melda 
Published: May 2020

The high complaints and discomfort of pregnant women, especially in primigravida third trimester can result in pregnant women experiencing lower back pain due to changes in posture during pregnancy and the existence of anxiety disorders resulting from psychological changes in pregnant women, especially before labor. One of the efforts made to reduce these symptoms could be by doing a pre natal exercise. One of the benefits pre natal exercise is reduce stress in pregnant women and reduce complication especially musculoskeletal problem. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the influence of lower back pain and anxiety of pregnant women before and after the pre natal exercise. This study used a quasi experimental method with one grub pre and post test design research design. The population of this study was all third trimester primigravida pregnant women who participated in pregnancy exercise at Sukomoro Magetan Health Center. The number of samples is 48 respondents. 43,8% pregnant women suffer from moderate pain, and 39,6% pregnants women suffer severe anxiety. Processing and analysis of data using the Wilcoxon test. The results of this study indicate the influence of pre natal exercise on the lowering score of lower back pain by p = 0.003 (<0.005), and the decrease in anxiety scores by p = 0.004 (0.005). The conclusion in this study is the influence of pre natal exercise in reducing lower back pain and anxiety of primigravida third trimester pregnant women
ANALYSIS CONCENTRATION OF SURFACTANT ANIONIC AND THE RELATION WITH DIATOM ABUNDANCE IN BUNGUS WATER, PADANG WEST SUMATERA
Authors: Rukiana  , Nedi Syahril , Nurachmi Irvina 
Published: May 2020

This research aims to analyze surfactant anionic concentration and diatom abundance that has been implemented at May 2018 in Bungus rivers, Padang. This Research were conducted in survey method, four station were eshtablished with three replication of each sampling station. Analysis of surfactant anionic and diatom content was done at Chemistry Oceanography Laboratory and diatom identification was performed at Biology Oceanography Laboratory. The results showed that surfactant content in the waters ranged from 0,309-0,773 ppm and diatom abundance based on laboratory test on ranged 40,7407-81,4815 Ind/l. The correlation of surfactant and diatom content in waters by using linear regression y = Y = 94.56 -66.8x with correlation coefficient r = 0,809 and correlation water quality parameters with diatom abundance by using multiple linear regression Y= 787,189 -238,828X1 -9,032X2 -6,185X3 +5,371X4 +303,081X5 -35,631X6 with determination regression 0,995 and correlation coefficient r = 0,997.
Evaluating Quality of Life of Parents Having a Child with Disability
Authors: Ban Rita Kumari , Luitel Iswari , Regmi Kalpana 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Disability is the condition of difficulty in carrying out daily activities normally and in taking part in social life due to problems in parts of the body and the physical system. Children with disabilities are one of the most marginalized and excluded groups in society. Facing daily discrimination in the form of negative attitudes, Estimates suggest that there are at least 93 million children with disabilities in the world, but numbers could be much higher.
Method: A descriptive-analytical research design was used to identify the quality of life of parents/caretakers having a child with disability/ies in Illam district. Systematic random sampling was used and collected data from 244 participants. World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) Questionnaire was adopted Association between the socio-demographic variables and four domains of WHOQOL was determined using one way ANOVA. In the end, multiple linear regression analysis was performed to find the predictors of domains of WHOQOL and to control the confounding effect.
Results: The quality of parents having a child with a disability has a good quality of life in a social relationship mean 15.6±1.3.The physical domain is weakly correlated with the social domain. There is a moderate positive correlation between psychosocial and social domains. Cognitive disability means the score was highest on the social domain that is 14.91and lowest on the physical domain (13.87).
Conclusion: To improve the quality of life of parents, health care and welfare professionals should focus on particular people with higher age group, disadvantaged and marginalized groups illiterate, those who are unmarried, divorced or separated and those engaged in agriculture and carry out interventions aimed at improving their quality of life.
Keywords: Parents /caretaker, Quality of life, Children with disability
Effect of vitamin-E on cypermethrin induced toxicity in cerebral cortex of wistar albino rats: A histological study
Authors: Mahat Samyog , Jha Chandra Bhusan , Shrestha Shamsher , Koirala Sarun 
Published: May 2020

Backgrounds: Cypermethrin, class II pyrethroid pesticides, is commonly used in the agricultural field and house pest controls. Cypermethrin leads to neurotoxicity by crossing the blood-brain barrier, inducing oxygen stress in brain tissue. Vitamin-E is an antioxidant, involving in protecting membrane stability against free radicals induced peroxidants. This study was conducted to see the protective effect of vitamin-E on cypermethrin induced toxicity.
Methodology: Fifty healthy Wistar albino rats of either sex weighing 150-200 grams were randomly selected & divided into five groups. Rats in first group served as control. Rats in second and fourth group were given cypermethrin orally at 20 mg/kg/BW for 14 and 28 days respectively. Rats in third and fifth group were give cypermethrin plus vitamin-E 2.5 ml/kg/BW orally for 14 and 28 days respectively. Rats were sacrificed and the brain was removed. Tissue processing was done. Histological analysis was carried out and statistical analysis was performed by the use of SPSS.
Result: Cypermethrin treated rats showed decreased body and brain weight with severe neuronal vacuolation and decrease glial cell. While cypermethrin plus vitamin-E treated group showed increased body and brain weight, with normal glial cell and mild neuronal changes were observed.
Conclusion: Cypermethrin in combination with vitamin-E minimized its harmful effect which was evidenced by improving body and brain weight gain and histological changes.
Burnout In Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgeons of Nepal
Authors: Maharjan Dipendra , Sinha Ritesh , Shah Rajesh Pratap , Magar Shusil Rana 
Published: May 2020

Background: Burnout is a syndrome, which consists of detachment from patients and colleagues, emotional tiredness and lack of achievements in personal life. Freudenberger HJ coined the term “burnout” in the 1970s and categorized into three categories namely depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and personal achievement. Since then there has been a lot of research on the effects of stress, work or emotion, on behavior and in professional life. Surgeons are particularly exposed to burnout and more common than in the general population and have been found that burnout in the orthopaedic surgeon is more than in any other specialty. There is a high level of dissatisfaction in orthopedic surgeons in Nepal, who are emotionally harassed and tired of lack of achievements. There was research on burnout and over orthopedic surgeons in different countries but there was no research on burnout and no studies were conducted in orthopedic surgeons of Nepal. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the burnout level of orthopaedic surgeons in Nepal.
Methods: An observational transverse contacted survey among Nepalese orthopaedic and trauma surgeons by voluntary sample technique was conducted in Kathmandu Nepal between September 2018 - August 2019; using a self-administered questionnaire in digital as well as the printed form that was based on the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Demographic and occupational data were also collected.
Results: Out of all contacted surgeons, 34 responded. The mean age was 35 and all were male. Almost everyone showed a high level of emotional exhaustion (94%), depersonalization (100%) and only 32% showed a high level of personal achievement.
Conclusion: Burnout syndrome is consisting of depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and personal achievements and showed a frightening level of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and a satisfactory level of personal achievements.
Utilization of antenatal care services and factors affecting antenatal care visits in Pokhara sub-metropolitan city
Authors: Paudel Sabita , Paudel Tarun , Sanjel Seshananda 
Published: May 2020

Background: In context of Nepal, although pregnant women from city areas contribute to maternal mortality, evidence of the study of utilization of antenatal care services and factors affecting antenatal care visits (ANC) are focused in rural areas where health institutions are not easily available. The objective of this study was to identify ANC services utilization by eligible women in Pokhara sub-metropolitan city.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted applying face to face interviews with 240 eligible women bearing at least one youngest child below the age of two years. A structured and semi-structured questionnaire was used after translating into the Nepali language and pretesting it in the field. Data entered in Microsoft excel were transferred in SPSS (Statistical package for social sciences) version 21 and analysis were carried out. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were computed. The significance was set at the 0.05 level.
Results: Approximately 97.0% of women had visited ANC during their recent pregnancy and about 56.0% of women had ≥4 ANC visits. The majority (80.3%) of the women used to seek ANC checkups during their first trimester and nearly half (49.0%) of the respondents belonged to the younger age of 15-19 years. Women’s (99.0%) and her husbands’ (86.0%) educational level significantly impacted ANC visits. Women having fewer numbers of children (98.0%) and the nuclear family (99.0%) had significantly higher ANC visits. Husbands’and mother-in-laws’ encouragement to go for ANC visits was significantly higher. All of the above-mentioned parameters were statistically significant at p< 0.05 level.
Conclusions: There was variation in ANC service taking as per the encouragement from the husband and mother-in-law of the woman. Hence, awareness programs targeting husband and mother-in-law regarding the importance of ANC services are suggested. Conduction of detailed study in the future to explore the quality of services is recommended.
Knowledge and Practice Regarding Menstrual Health among Physically Disabled Women in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Pokhrel Bishal , Mahat Sunita , Parajuli Kriti , Lama Nishant 
Published: May 2020

Background: Disability is the condition of difficulty in carrying out daily activities normally and in taking part in social life due to problems in parts of the body and the physical system as well as obstacles created by physical, social, cultural environment and by communication. Disability also carries stigma, so disabled people may face layers of discrimination when they are menstruating. The objective of the research is to assess the knowledge and practice regarding menstrual health of disabled women.
Method: Descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted among 151 participations. Self-structured questionnaire and face-to-face interview were used as data collection tool and technique respectively. Data entry and analysis were done using SPSS version 20. Descriptive analysis like frequency and percentages were computed and presented in a table.
Results: Most of participants knew 26-30 days were the normal menstrual cycle duration (80.13%). Only 31% of participants bath daily during menstruation. About 83% of participants used sanitary pad, 69.54% of participants changed pad twice a day. Maximum number (91.39%) disposed sanitary pad in dustbin. 76.82% of participants learned about menstrual hygiene from parents and friends. Majority of the participants (61.59%), cleaned the genitalia haphazardly 88.08% cleaned with soap and water Most of the respondent 90.06% had taken rest during menstruation.
Conclusions: Disabled women were aware about normal duration of menstrual cycle and blood loss. However, improper practices related to menstrual health and hygiene were prevalent among disabled women, it should be timely and rightly approached to prevent and control adverse health conditions that may arise of it. Mother and peer groups could be the best choices of source of information to improve menstrual health and hygiene of differently able women.
Thrombin-induced miRNA-24–1-5p upregulation promotes angiogenesis by targeting prolyl hydroxylase domain 1 in intracerebral hemorrhagic rats
Authors: Cui Hanjin , Yang Ali , Zhou Huajun , Wang Yang , Luo Jiekun , Zhou Jun , Liu Tao , Li Pengfei , Zhou Jing , Hu En , He Zehui , Hu Wang , Tang Tao 
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE
Thrombin is a unique factor that triggers post-intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) angiogenesis by increasing hypoxia-inducible factor–1α (HIF-1α) at the protein level. However, HIF-1α mRNA remains unchanged. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) mediate posttranscriptional regulation by suppressing protein translation from mRNAs. This study aimed to determine if miRNAs might be involved in thrombin-induced angiogenesis after ICH by targeting HIF-1α or its upstream prolyl hydroxylase domains (PHDs).

METHODS
The study was divided into two parts. In part 1, rats received an injection of thrombin into the right globus pallidus. An miRNA array combined with miRNA target prediction, luciferase activity assay, and miRNA mimic/inhibitor transfection were used to identify candidate miRNAs and target genes. Part 2 included experiments 1 and 2. In experiment 1, rats were randomly divided into the sham group, ICH group, and ICH+hirudin–treated (thrombin inhibitor) group. In experiment 2, the rats were randomly divided into the sham group, ICH group, ICH+antagomir group, ICH+antagomir-control group, and ICH+vehicle group. Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to determine the expression of protein and miRNA, respectively. The coexpression of miR-24–1-5p (abbreviated to miR-24) and von Willebrand factor was detected by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis. The angiogenesis was evaluated by double-labeling immunofluorescence. Neurological function was evaluated by body weight, modified Neurological Severity Scores, and corner turn and foot-fault tests.

RESULTS
In part 1, it was shown that miR-24, which is predicted to target PHD1, was upregulated (fold-change of 1.83) after thrombin infusion, and that the miR-24 mimic transfection decreased luciferase activity and downregulated PHD1 expression (p < 0.05). miR-24 inhibitor transfection increased PHD1 expression (p < 0.05). In part 2, it was shown that miR-24 was expressed in endothelial cells. The HIF-1α protein level and proliferating cell nuclear antigen–positive (PCNA+) nuclei in vessels were increased, while the PHD1 protein level was decreased after ICH, and these effects were reversed by hirudin (p < 0.05). The antagomiR-24–treated rats exhibited a markedly lower body weight and significantly poorer recovery from neurological deficit compared with those in ICH groups (p < 0.05). AntagomiR-24 intervention also led to lower miR-24 expression, a higher PHD1 protein level, and fewer PCNA+ nuclei in vessels compared with those in ICH groups (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
The present study suggests that thrombin reduces HIF-1α degradation and initiates angiogenesis by increasing miR-24, which targets PHD1 after ICH.
Methodology for Preparation of Audit Entities to External Control of the Quality of Audit Services
Authors: Lubenchenko О. Ye. , Lysiuk А. V. 
Published: May 2020

The requirements to the system of control over the quality of audit services are analyzed, which are specified in the Law of Ukraine “Audit of Financial Statements and Auditing” from 21.12.2017 No 2258-VIII; Directive of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine “Approval of the Procedure for Inspection of the Quality Control of Audit Services” from 29.08.2019 No 362; Resolution of the Council for Supervision over Auditing at the State Institution “The Body of Public Supervision over Auditing” from 30.08.2019 No 6/7/13 “Information Questionnaire of Auditing Entity”. It is demonstrated that the quality control system requires corrections of the following: responsibilities of administration and staff of auditing entities for use of the adopted intra-firm provisions on the quality control system, requirements of ISQC1, IAS, the Law of Ukraine “Audit of Financial Statements and Auditing”; the requirements to staff (quality controller, reviewer, assignment partner); identification of threats to the independence and the auditor’s response on the assessed threats; the requirements to reviews of complaints, complicated issues; issues related with non-stop professional training of auditors. Special attention of auditors need to be drawn to the fact that the policies and procedures of the quality control system do not have to be confined to the audit of financial statements, but have to apply to other assignments on giving confidence and related auditor services. Besides that, assessment of threats to the independence has to be conducted for non-auditor services specified in Article 6 of the aforementioned Law of Ukraine.
The studies conducted by the author allowed to elaborate procedures for quality control of auditor services; measures to stimulate staff of auditing entities to scrutinize requirements to implementation of the quality control system; obligating documents of auditing firms on assessment of ethical threats; sharing of duties among assignment group members; requirements to qualification of the key partner, quality controller; identification of auditor assignments; solutions of complicated issues and their documenting, measures on control of the assignment at the final phase and quality control of the assignment. The proposed measures are supposed to help auditing entities revise the already operating quality control systems in a timely manner, which will facilitate supply of high quality information to all the users of auditing reports, external quality controllers from the Body of Public Supervision over Auditing and the Auditor Chamber of Ukraine.
Nobel Prize Level Scientific Discoveries of a Heir of Zaporizhian Cossacks
Authors: Motsnyi F. V. 
Published: May 2020

In this work, three fundamental discoveries of the Ukraine-born Prof. George A. Gamow are presented from a single scientific and methodological point of view. Each of them is truly worth of the Nobel Prize – the most prestigious recognition of achievements of a scientist.
We trace the emergence of G. Gamow as one of the most outstanding scientists of the twentieth century – encyclopaedist, theoretical physicist by heart, astrophysicist and biophysicist, talented and brilliant popularizer of science, whose works are readable in one go, as well as the author of unforgettable pranks and jokes.

Gamow was a Fellow of the Danish Royal Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the International Astronomical Union, the American Physical Society, an honorary doctor of countless universities. Although his name is little known in Ukraine, the history of science would be incomplete without him.

From an early age G. Gamow has shown a great interest in scientific research, using a microscope to look for erythrocytes and a telescope to observe the Halley comet. He graduated from the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Leningrad State University, where he followed classes of Professor O. Friedman, founder of the evolutionary cosmology. He has undergone training at the University of Goettingen, the center of theoretical physics at the time, worked for Nobel Prize winners Professors E. Rutherford and N. Bohr. At the age of 28, G. Gamow, by the recommendation of academician V. Vernadskyi, became the member of the Academy of Sciences of USSR, the youngest member in the entire history of its existence.
Throughout his life, G. Gamow was interested in the fundamental scientific problems and made numerous world-class discoveries that are written by golden letters in the treasury of the human civilization. He has found explanation to the E. Rutherford’s experiments with alpha particles (tunnelling effect); introduced the empirical formula of Geiger – Nettoll, connecting the energy of alpha particles to the half-life of radioactive nuclei. G. Gamow is one of the pioneers of the liquid-drop model of a nucleus, and the application of nuclear physics to the evolution of stars. He proposed a fantastic hypothesis about the early universe, suggesting it being not only super dense but also very hot. He also built the Big Bang theory, which led to the existence of relic radiation (space microwave background) with the characteristic temperature of 5–7 degrees above the absolute zero, detected by methods of radio astronomy. He proposed a triplet model of the genetic code - the alphabet of life with three-letter words, experimentally proven by X-ray structural studies of DNA and empirically established rules of E. Chargaff. These discoveries have greatly contributed not only to the development of the modern science, but to the industrial and economic expansion of humanity.
The Regulation of Pedestrian Path on Corridor Jamin Ginting Street Berastagi District
Authors: Novrial Novrial , Hamdani Hamdani 
Published: May 2020

Generally, the target of road corridor construction is to provide a quality pedestrian, give comfort to pedestrian as user of road corridor. In create a good regulation of pedestrian path, it is necessary full of rules and requirements as to improve comfort for user of road. The factors influence to physical comfort of pedestrian path are circulation, smell, bench, security and beauty. The location of this research is Jamin Ginting street between Monument Pahlawan with Monument Kol, Berastagi which it is often pass by tourist. However, the condition on pedestrian path at this region, there have not some requirements to create a good pedestrian path. The objective of research is to plan regulation of pedestrian path on JaminGintingstreetBerastagi, according to requirement to Iswanto and the Rule of Minister PU No. 03/PRT/M/2014 on pedestrian path. The method of research is descriptive research, and then it compares with requirements and rules after that the conclusion is Comfortable is included circulation, smell, bench, security and beauty on pedestrian path at Jamin Ginting street Berastagi do not have qualified according to Iswanto and rules Minister PU No. 03/PRT/M/2014 on a good pedestrian path. This research proposed a recommendation of design pedestrian path according to Iswanto and Rule Minister No 03/PRT/M/2014 on pedestrian path at Jamin Ginting street Berastagi.