bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A proposed sustainable and digital collection and classification center model to manage e-waste in emerging economies
Authors: Kazancoglu Yigit , Ozbiltekin Melisa , Ozkan Ozen Yesim Deniz , Sagnak Muhittin 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis study aims to propose an electronic waste collection and classification system to enhance social, environmental and economic sustainability by integrating data-driven technologies in emerging economies.Design/methodology/approachGM (1, 1) model under grey prediction is used in this study in order to estimate the trend of the amount of collected electronic waste in emerging economies.FindingsIt is revealed that the amount of collected electronic waste is increasing day by day, and within the framework of sustainability in the process of collecting and classification of electronic waste, digital technologies were found to be lacking. It has been determined that this deficiency, together with the increasing amount of electronic waste, has caused environmental, social and economic damage to emerging economies.Originality/valueThe main originality of this study is integrating electronic waste collection and classification processes with data-driven technologies and sustainability, which is a relatively new subject.
How does a business family manage its wealth? A family office perspective
Authors: Rivo-López Elena , Villanueva-Villar Mónica , Suárez-Blázquez Guillermo , Reyes-Santías Francisco 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to find throughout history examples of wealth management of a family or business families that can be assimilated into the current concept of family offices (FOs). In such examples, the study identifies characteristics associated with the different dimensions of the concept of socioemotional wealth (SEW).Design/methodology/approachDrawing on the socioemotional perspective, this paper relates significant examples of FOs based on historical stages (ancient history, the middle ages, modern history, the contemporary period and the actual world). Each case is discussed with an effort to identify the dimensions of the SEW that fit and help in understanding the organization studied.FindingsMainly, FOs allow the management of the family legacy, philanthropy, promotion of entrepreneurship and family wealth preservation for future generations. Autonomy in decision-making, privacy and confidentiality and the achievement of more intangible goals make the FO preferable to other institutions. Through the study of historical cases, the FO constitutes a structure with objectives and activities that have remained consistent from Rome to the present, regardless of historical, political or social context. The results also identify four out of five FIBER dimensions of SEW.Originality/valueIn addition to contributing to the scarce literature on FOs, this paper uses various examples of historical periods to better understand its origin, evolution and current state. A selection of examples at different times allows us to verify that FOs undergo a series of changes throughout history but maintain their characteristics regardless of the historical context. This paper is the first to explore the origin and development of the FO as organization. Building on the findings, the authors present a conceptual SEW framework to deepen in the knowledge of FO. This framework could help researchers and practitioners in future researches providing a conceptual link that demonstrates the components of the SEW perspective best fit the objectives pursued by business families when establishing a family office.
The effectiveness of payroll system in the public sector to prevent fraud
Authors: Yusuf Zulkarnain , Nawawi Anuar , Salin Ahmad Saiful Azlin Puteh 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is as follows: first, to analyze the opinion of the civil servant or payroll personnel towards the payroll system that currently used by the government. Second, to investigate the control measures currently exist in the payroll system and third, to examine any loopholes that may create opportunities for fraud to occur in that payroll system.

Design/methodology/approach
This study involves a survey of questionnaires to the department’s personnel that act as respondents. One government department has been selected as a case study in this research. This study was focussing on the payroll administration unit that responsible for all personnel payroll operation and administration.

Findings
The study concludes that payroll system has equipped with the security and control characteristic. However, there is still a risk of fraud due to some internal control weaknesses in the system. Thus, the awareness about the control and security of the system should be given priority so that the staffs will understand and aware about it.

Research limitations/implications
The study provides some evidence to indicate a weak and ineffective control measure in the payroll system that may lead to the fraud. Thus, by detail examination of the problems, the prevention and corrective action can be done in combating fraud. However, this study suffered from the small number of samples and limited access to the relevant documents due to confidentiality of the data.

Practical implications
This study reveals that there are a few key internal control points that can be enhanced to facilitate better protection of payroll expenses in combating fraud in the government department. These include clear segregation of duties, stricter approval process and highly protected personnel information. In addition, adoption of whistleblowing channel, established internal audit function and severe punishment to the wrongdoers also can be implemented.

Originality/value
This study is original as it examines fraud and malpractices issues that specific for payroll department in the government department that rare in literature.
Experiences of inpatient staff meeting the religious and cultural needs of BAME informal patients and patients detained under the Mental Health Act 1983
Authors: Kang Kuldip Kaur , Moran Nicola 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to explore inpatient staff experiences of seeking to meet the religious and cultural needs of Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) inpatients on mental health wards.

Design/methodology/approach
Nine semi-structured interviews were undertaken with inpatient staff in one NHS Trust in England to explore their views and experiences of supporting BAME inpatients to meet their religious and cultural needs. Anonymised transcripts were analysed thematically.

Findings
Inpatient staff reported lacking the confidence and knowledge to identify and meet BAME inpatients’ religious and cultural needs, especially inpatients from smaller ethnic groups and newly emerging communities. There was no specific assessment used to identify religious and cultural needs and not all inpatient staff received training on meeting these needs. Concerns were raised about difficulties for staff in differentiating whether unusual beliefs and practices were expressions of religiosity or delusions. Staff identified the potential role of inpatients’ family members in identifying and meeting needs, explaining religious and cultural beliefs and practices, and psychoeducation to encourage treatment or medication adherence.

Practical implications
Potential ways to address this gap in the knowledge and confidence of inpatient staff to meet the religious and cultural needs of BAME patients include training for inpatient staff; the production and updating of a directory of common religious and cultural practices and needs; local resources which can help to support those needs; and religious and cultural practices and needs being documented by mental health practitioners in community teams such that this information is readily available for inpatient staff if a service user is admitted.

Originality/value
This is the first study to consider inpatient staff views on meeting the religious and cultural needs of BAME informal patients and patients detained under the Mental Health Act 1983.
An analysis of the SME–bank match made in heaven: the case of New Zealand main banks and their relationship-managed SMEs
Authors: Boulanouar Zakaria , Locke Stuart , Holmes Mark 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to answer the increasing calls to analyse how lending relationship between banks and their small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) work. More precisely, the main aim is to investigate the lending approach(es) and criteria used by banks to assess loan applications from their relationship-managed (RM) SMEs’ clients. Other objectives include investigating the level of congruence in terms of lending practices and processes among the sample banks in New Zealand (NZ) and to discern how the assessment of the SME owner/manager is done within the relationship-banking framework.

Design/methodology/approach
The research objectives concern investigating processes and not variances. Thus, a qualitative research approach was used. Extensive data was collected via interviews across representative banks in NZ and thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.

Findings
The findings include a detailed analysis of how relationship banking actually works; how in NZ, the main bank brands use three criteria of lending (financials, security and character) as a framework of assessing loan applications from RM-clients – which is different from the character, capital, capacity, conditions, and collateral (5Cs) that are widely used and discussed as the framework of lending; and an elucidation as to why and how character assessment is different from the other criteria of lending.

Originality/value
To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the mechanisms and processes that banks use to deal with their RM-SMEs, show the existence of a different framework of lending other than the 5Cs and attempt an explanation as to why character evaluation is different from that of the other criteria of lending.
Are leases substitutes or complements to debt? Insights from an analysis of debt covenants
Authors: Paik Daniel Gyung , Van Der Laan Smith Joyce , Lee Brandon Byunghwan , Yoon Sung Wook 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between off-balance-sheet (OBS) operating leases and long-term debt by analyzing firms’ debt risk profiles measured by the constraints on firms in the financial ratios in their debt covenants.

Design/methodology/approach
This study determines debt risk profiles using three measures: the ex ante probability of covenant violation (Demerjian and Owens, 2016), firms in violation of debt covenants and firms close to covenant violations.

Findings
High-risk firms according to all three measures, on average, have a significantly lower level of operating leases, indicating that these firms use OBS leases as a substitute for long-term debt. Interestingly, for firms operating in industries in which leases are widely available, firms with a high probability of covenant violation have a significantly higher level of operating leases, indicating that these firms use OBS leases as a complement to long-term debt. Further analysis indicates that lease financing is less costly than debt financing for these firms.

Research limitations/implications
Overall, evidence of this study indicates that firms facing financial constraints may attempt to lease more of their assets, but the availability of leasing is constrained by their debt covenant obligations and the strength of the leasing market in its industry.

Originality/value
This study identifies states in which risky firms may treat leases as either complements or substitutes for long-term debt, implying that the leasing decision relates to the availability of an active leasing market for a firm’s assets and the firm’s financial constraints. The findings of this study support recent research showing that debt and leases are complementary in the presence of counterparty risk providing insight into the paradoxical relationship identified in prior research between leases and long-term debt.
Effects of police body‐worn cameras on citizen compliance and cooperation: Findings from a quasi‐randomized controlled trial
Authors: Demir Mustafa , Braga Anthony A. , Apel Robert 
Published: June 2020

Research SummaryThis study tests the effect of body‐worn cameras (BWCs) on stopped drivers’ perceptions of complying with police directives, obeying traffic laws, and cooperating with the police. A quasi‐randomized controlled trial was conducted with drivers stopped at routine traffic checkpoints. Drivers in the treatment group encountered police officers wearing BWCs, and drivers in the control group encountered police officers without BWCs. Surveys were administered after the stop. Findings suggest motorists exposed to BWC officers reported significantly stronger agreement with compliance with police directives, obedience toward traffic laws, and assistance with police duties. Further analysis indicates BWCs generate indirect impacts on specific citizen compliance mediated through improvements in procedural justice, as well as indirect impacts on general compliance and cooperation mediated through improvements in both police legitimacy and procedural justice.Policy ImplicationsThe results suggest that BWCs may be an effective means of improving drivers’ willingness to comply with directives, follow traffic laws, and assist police. Consistent with a process‐based explanation, their effectiveness stems almost entirely from drivers’ experience of procedurally just and legitimacy‐enhancing treatment by police officers. The findings indicate BWCs provide a form of officer accountability that mere training in procedural justice might be insufficient to achieve.
Increasing the copper sensitivity of microorganisms by restricting iron supply, a strategy for bio‐management practices
Authors: Steunou Anne Soisig , Bourbon Marie‐Line , Babot Marion , Durand Anne , Liotenberg Sylviane , Yamaichi Yoshiharu , Ouchane Soufian 
Published: June 2020

SummaryPollution by copper (Cu2+) extensively used as antimicrobial in agriculture and farming represents a threat to the environment and human health. Finding ways to make microorganisms sensitive to lower metal concentrations could help decreasing the use of Cu2+ in agriculture. In this respect, we showed that limiting iron (Fe) uptake makes bacteria much more susceptible to Cu2+ or Cd2+ poisoning. Using efflux mutants of the purple bacterium Rubrivivax gelatinosus, we showed that Cu+ and Cd2+ resistance relies on the expression of the Fur‐regulated FbpABC and Ftr iron transporters. To support this conclusion, inactivation of these Fe‐importers in the Cu+ or Cd2+‐ATPase efflux mutants gave rise to hypersensitivity towards these ions. Moreover, in metal overloaded cells the expression of FbpA, the periplasmic iron‐binding component of the ferric ion transport FbpABC system was induced, suggesting that cells perceived an ‘iron‐starvation’ situation and responded to it by inducing Fe‐importers. In this context, the Fe‐Sod activity increased in response to Fe homoeostasis dysregulation. Similar results were obtained for Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli, suggesting that perturbation of Fe‐homoeostasis by metal excess appeared as an adaptive response commonly used by a variety of bacteria. The presented data support a model in which metal excess induces Fe‐uptake to support [4Fe‐4S] synthesis and thereby induce ROS detoxification system.
Mybl2 rejuvenates heart explant‐derived cells from aged donors after myocardial infarction
Authors: Rafatian Ghazaleh , Kamkar Maryam , Parent Sandrine , Michie Connor , Risha Yousef , Molgat André S. D. , Seymour Richard , Suuronen Erik J. , Davis Darryl R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhile cell therapy is emerging as a promising option for patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), the influence of advanced donor age and a history of ischemic injury on the reparative performance of these cells are not well defined. As such, intrinsic changes that result from advanced donor age and ischemia are explored in hopes of identifying a molecular candidate capable of restoring the lost reparative potency of heart explant‐derived cells (EDCs) used in cell therapy. EDCs were cultured from myocardial biopsies obtained from young or old mice 4 weeks after randomization to experimental myocardial infarction or no intervention. Advanced donor age reduces cell yield while increasing cell senescence and the secretion of senescence‐associated cytokines. A history of ischemic injury magnifies these effects as cells are more senescent and have lower antioxidant reserves. Consistent with these effects, intramyocardial injection of EDCs from aged ischemic donors provided less cell‐mediated cardiac repair. A transcriptome comparison of ICM EDCs shows aging modifies many of the pathways responsible for effective cell cycle control and DNA damage/repair. Over‐expression of the barely explored antisenescent transcription factor, Mybl2, in EDCs from aged ICM donors reduces cell senescence while conferring salutary effects on antioxidant activity and paracrine production. In vivo, we observed an increase in cell retention and vasculogenesis after treatment with Mybl2‐over‐expressing EDCs which improved heart function in infarcted recipient hearts. In conclusion, Mybl2 over‐expression rejuvenates senescent EDCs sourced from aged ICM donors to confer cell‐mediated effects comparable to cells from young nonischemic donors.
Systematic review suggests a relationship between moderate to late preterm birth and early childhood caries
Authors: Twetman Svante , Boustedt Katarina , Roswall Josefine , Dahlgren Jovanna 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimThe aim was to examine the association between moderate to late preterm birth and the prevalence of early childhood caries.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Trials Register databases up to February 28, 2020. Two independent reviewers screened the papers for relevance, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. A random‐effects meta‐analysis was performed to pool the prevalence of early childhood caries by gestational age.ResultsThe authors identified 14 studies covering 210,691 children. They were published from 2007‐2020 and included birth cohorts, cross‐sectional, register‐based and case‐control studies. We assessed eight of them as having low or moderate risk of bias. The median caries prevalence was 48.8% among children born moderate to late preterm compared to 20.5% for those born full term. The pooled overall odds ratio was 1.48 (95% confidence interval 1.16‐1.89; P < .001). The certainty of this finding was low due to heterogeneity and inconsistencies across the studies.ConclusionThis systematic review and meta‐analysis displayed a significantly higher prevalence of early childhood caries in children born moderate to late preterm compared to full term children. The finding suggests that the gestational age should be collected as a risk factor in the paediatric dental records.
Spinal heat shock protein 27 participates in PDGFRβ‐mediated morphine tolerance through PI3K/Akt and p38 MAPK signalling pathways
Authors: Li Zheng , Peng Xiaoling , Jia Xiaoqian , Su Peng , Liu Daiqiang , Tu Ye , Xu Qiaoqiao , Gao Feng 
Published: June 2020

Background and PurposeThe development of antinociceptive morphine tolerance is a clinically intractable problem. Earlier work has demonstrated the pivotal roles of PDGF and its receptor PDGFRβ in morphine tolerance. Here, we have investigated the role of spinal heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) in morphine tolerance and its relationship with PDGFRβ activation.Experimental ApproachRats were treated with morphine for 9 days, and its anti‐nociceptive effect against thermal pain was evaluated by a tail‐flick latency test. Western blot, real‐time PCR, immunofluorescent staining, and various antagonists, agonists, and siRNA lentiviral vectors elucidated the roles of HSP27, PDGFRβ, and related signalling pathways in morphine tolerance.Key ResultsChronic morphine administration increased expression and phosphorylation of HSP27 in the spinal cord. Down‐regulating HSP27 attenuated the development of morphine tolerance. PDGFRβ antagonism inhibited HSP27 activation and attenuated and reversed morphine tolerance. PDGFRβ induction increased HSP27 expression and activation and partly decreased morphine analgesia. PDGFRβ inhibition reduced Akt and p38 MAPK activity in morphine tolerance. PI3K and p38 inhibitors reversed morphine tolerance and suppressed morphine‐induced HSP27 phosphorylation.Conclusion and ImplicationsThis study demonstrated for the first time that spinal HSP27 participates in PDGFRβ‐mediated morphine tolerance via the PI3K/Akt and p38 MAPK signalling pathways. These findings suggest a potential clinical strategy for prolonging the antinociceptive effects of opioids during long‐term pain control.
Autonomy and distance from the centre as drivers of innovation in the public sector: Testing a positioning‐based hypothesis
Authors: Bernier Luc , Deschamps Carl 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA generally accepted assumption is that innovation in the public sector is easier when managers have more autonomy. Previous research has revealed a paradox: the most innovative organizations are autonomous organizations, but also central agencies, more so than ministries. What has not been documented so far in Canada is the quality and nature or type of innovation by location. We developed a database of applications for IPAC's innovative management award with 1712 innovations in federal and provincial governments over the past 29 years. Using statistical analysis that takes into account the proximity of applicant organizations to political power, we provide a picture of innovation and institutional position in the public sector in Canada.
Endoscopic treatment of hepaticojejunostomy anastomotic strictures using fully‐covered metal stents
Authors: Sato Tatsuya , Kogure Hirofumi , Nakai Yousuke , Kanai Sachiko , Ishigaki Kazunaga , Hakuta Ryunosuke , Saito Kei , Saito Tomotaka , Takahara Naminatsu , Hamada Tsuyoshi , Mizuno Suguru , Yamada Atsuo , Isayama Hiroyuki , Koike Kazuhiko 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesWith the emergence of the double‐balloon endoscope (DBE), hepaticojejunostomy anastomotic strictures (HJASs) are increasingly managed endoscopically. However, balloon dilation and/or plastic stent placement may be associated with low stricture resolution rates and long treatment duration. We utilized a fully‐covered metal stent (FCSEMS), which was designed for temporary placement for benign biliary strictures, and assessed its feasibility for patients with HJASs.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 20 patients who underwent DBE‐assisted FCSEMS placement for HJASs between June 2017 and March 2019. The FCSEMS was removed endoscopically at three months of stent placement. The outcomes investigated were the stricture resolution at the time of FCSEMS removal, the stricture recurrence, and adverse events.ResultsAmong 20 patients treated, stricture resolution was achieved in 17 patients (85.0%) at three months of stent placement. The FCSEMS was removed endoscopically without any technical difficulties in all cases except for two with asymptomatic stent migration due to stricture resolution. During a median follow‐up period of 11.9 months (interquartile range, 7.5–18.0 months), an HJAS recurred in one patient (5.9%). For two patients without stricture resolution and one patient with recurrent stricture, another FCSEMS placement for 77, 84, and 186 days resolved the stricture. The overall stricture resolution rate was 95.0%. In one patient with FCSEMS‐induced de novo stricture, long‐term plastic stent placement was required. Procedure‐related adverse events included mild cholangitis in two patients and mild pancreatitis in one patient.ConclusionsEndoscopic treatment using a FCSEMS via DB‐ERCP was a feasible and effective treatment option for a HJAS.