bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface Modification of PTLG Terpolymer Using PNIPAAm and Its Cell Adhesion/Detachment Behavior
Authors: Gong Li , Liu Dongyang , Fan Tiantang , Qin Jingwen , Li Jiafeng , Zhang Qin , Wu Zeng , Fan Zhongyong , Liu Qing 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNovel biodegradable terpolymer poly (1,3‐trimethylene carbonate‐b‐(l‐lactide‐r‐glycolide)) grafted with poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PTLG‐PNIPAAm) is prepared by plasma‐induced polymerization. The experimental results show that PNIPAAm segments of samples have a dramatic effect on surface layer structure and cell behavior of PTLG‐PNIPAAm. The thickness of PNIPAAm layer on PTLG surface increases rapidly from 50 nm to 1 µm with the molecular weight of samples increasing. Cell toxicity analysis indicates that PTLG‐PNIPAAm possesses good cytocompatibility to human adipose‐derived stem cells (hADSCs). For cell adhesion and detachment process on modified surface, the “hook and loop” process is proposed to understand the cell adhesion on modified surface with coiled conformation PNIPAAm segments at 37 °C, and then the cell sheet detached from surface spontaneously due to the conformation of PNIPAAm segments extends below its lower critical solution temperature. The research demonstrates that with increasing thickness of the PNIPAAm layer on PTLG surface, the hADSCs with well cell viability presents rapider thermal‐responsive detachment behavior. Therefore, the surface modification of biodegradable PTLG with stimuli‐sensitive functional PNIPAAm is an efficacious route for further application in stem cell culture and tissue engineering stent.
Spillover effects from unintended trials on attitude and behavior: Promoting new products through access‐based services
Authors: Lehr Adrian , Buettgen Marion , Benoit Sabine , Merfeld Katrin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAccess‐based services (ABS) provide an opportunity for brands to promote their new products by enabling (unintended) trials. However, the mechanisms and impact of consumer exposure to products in ABS and the subsequent potential spillover effects on both the brand and the product perception are largely unknown. Our hypotheses are derived from the information integration theory (IIT) and subsequently tested. Study 1 is a field study investigating an unintended trial moderated by involvement and positive experience. The results indicate the positive effects of the unintended trial on product and brand attitudes, brand purchase intention, and word of mouth. In line with IIT, these effects are more pronounced for positive trial experience, although in contrast to IIT, they are less pronounced for high‐involvement consumers. While the results of Study 2, an online experiment, show substantial effects of both trials compared with nontrials, they also reveal that intended and unintended trials have a similar impact on attitude, but ABS experiences have a stronger positive impact on brand purchase intention. We thus recommend that brand managers promote not only new products but also their brands in unintended trials. This study fills a gap in current discussions about the trial effect(s) of ABS.
Shape‐Programmable Architectured Hydrogels Sensitive to Ultrasound
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Behl Marc , Balk Maria , Peng Xingzhou , Lendlein Andreas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOn‐demand motion of highly swollen polymer systems can be triggered by changes in pH, ion concentrations, or by heat. Here, shape‐programmable, architectured hydrogels are introduced, which respond to ultrasonic‐cavitation‐based mechanical forces (CMF) by directed macroscopic movements. The concept is the implementation and sequential coupling of multiple functions (swellability in water, sensitivity to ultrasound, shape programmability, and shape‐memory) in a semi‐interpenetrating polymer network (s‐IPN). The semi‐IPN‐based hydrogels are designed to function through rhodium coordination (Rh‐s‐IPNH). These coordination bonds act as temporary crosslinks. The porous hydrogels with coordination bonds (degree of swelling from 300 ± 10 to 680 ± 60) exhibit tensile strength σmax up to 250 ± 60 kPa. Shape fixity ratios up to 90% and shape recovery ratios up to 94% are reached. Potential applications are switches or mechanosensors.
A 77‐GHz polarization‐agile microelectromechanical system antenna
Authors: Jaiswal Anushruti , Dey Sukomal , Abegaonkar Mahesh P. , Koul Shiban K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA 77 GHz polarization‐agile radio frequency microelectromechanical system (RF MEMS) patch antenna integrated with single‐pole single throw switches is presented. The polarization of the proposed antenna can be switched among linear polarization, right‐hand circular polarization, and left‐hand circular polarization. The RF MEMS antenna is fabricated on 25 mil alumina with permittivity of 9.8. The reflection and radiation parameters of antenna including return loss, radiation patterns, gain, and axial ratio are measured and are found to be in correlation with simulated results. The proposed work is useful for automotive radar applications.
Pelvic floor dysfunction negatively impacts general functional performance in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Aguilar‐Zafra Sandra , del Corral Tamara , Vidal‐Quevedo Celia , Rodríguez‐Durán Paula , López‐de‐Uralde‐Villanueva Ibai 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of evidence to assess whether gait functionality can be affected by the condition of the pelvic floor musculature in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between pelvic floor functionality and general functional performance, and also their relationship depending on dependence degree in MS patients.ParticipantsForty‐three MS patients performed the study. The pelvic floor musculature and its functionality were evaluated by urinary incontinence (UI), fecal incontinence, and constipation. General functional performance was evaluated by the Barthel index, the Health Status Questionnaire Short Form‐12 (SF‐12), and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test.ResultsUI was moderately related to general functional performance (SF‐12 Physical: R = −0.413; Barthel index: R = −0.501; TUG: R = 0.482). The comparative analysis showed differences between UI and gait functionality (P = .008), with poorer results in the TUG in patients with moderate/severe dependence (P < .001).ConclusionUI appears to have a negative impact on the performance of daily living activities, walking, and the physical dimension of quality of life in patients with MS. In addition, patients with moderate or severe dependence showed higher UI and gait disturbance compared with those with mild dependence or independence.
Simulation of tunneling distance and electrical conductivity for polymer carbon nanotubes nanocomposites by interphase thickness and network density
Authors: Zare Yasser , Rhee Kyong Y. , Park Soo‐Jin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article develops simple equations for tunneling distance between adjacent nanoparticles (d) and electrical conductivity of polymer/carbon nanotubes (CNT) nanocomposites (PCNT). The developed model considers the significances of CNT dimensions and waviness as well as interphase region surrounding CNT on the conductivity of nanocomposites. Moreover, d is defined by the sizes of CNT, interphase thickness and network density. The roles of all parameters for nanoparticles, interphase, percolation threshold and conductive network in the nanocomposite conductivity and tunneling distance are determined. Among the studied parameters, the fraction of percolated CNT of 0.6 and d = 1 nm provide the highest conductivity of PCNT, while d > 2.5 nm cause an insulated nanocomposite. In addition, the high concentration of thin CNT, a thick interphase, poor waviness, low percolation threshold, and the small fraction of percolated CNT produce an optimized level for d.
Association between respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization in infancy and childhood asthma
Authors: Coutts Jonathan , Fullarton John , Morris Carole , Grubb ElizaBeth , Buchan Scot , Rodgers‐Gray Barry , Thwaites Richard 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionRespiratory syncytial virus infection in early childhood has been linked to longer‐term respiratory morbidity; however, debate persists around its impact on asthma. The objective was to assess the association between respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization and childhood asthma.MethodsAsthma hospital admissions and medication use through 18 years were compared in children with (cases) and without (controls) respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization in the first 2 years of life. All children born in National Health Service Scotland between 1996 and 2011 were included.ResultsOf 740 418 children (median follow‐up: 10.6 years), 15 795 (2.1%) had a respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization at ≤2 years (median age: 143 days). Asthma hospitalizations were three‐fold higher in cases than controls (8.4% vs 2.4%; relative risk: 3.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1‐3.5; P < .0001) and admission rates were four‐fold higher (193.2 vs 46.0/1000). Cases had two‐fold higher asthma medication usage (25.5% vs 14.7%; relative risk: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.7‐1.8; P < .0001) and a three‐fold higher rate of having both an asthma admission and medication (4.8% vs 1.5%; relative risk 3.1, 95% CI: 2.9‐3.3; P < .0001). Admission rates and medication use remained significantly (P < .001) higher for cases than controls throughout childhood (admissions: ≥2‐fold higher; medication: ≥1.5‐fold higher). Respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization was the most significant risk factor for asthma hospitalizations±medication use (odds ratio: 1.9‐2.8; P < .001).ConclusionsRespiratory syncytial virus hospitalization was associated with significantly increased rates and severity of asthma throughout childhood, which has important implications for preventive strategies.
Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia and follicular bronchiolitis in children: A registry‐based case series
Authors: Prenzel Freerk , Harfst Jacqueline , Schwerk Nicolaus , Ahrens Frank , Rietschel Ernst , Schmitt‐Grohé Sabina , Rubak Sune M. L. , Poplawska Krystyna , Baden Winfried , Vogel Mandy , Hollizeck Sebastian , Ley‐Zaporozhan Julia , Brasch Frank , Reu Simone , Griese Matthias ,   LIP/FB—Kids‐Lung‐Registry Study Group
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesPediatric lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP) and follicular bronchiolitis (FB) are poorly characterized lymphoproliferative disorders. We present and quantify demographics, radiological and histopathologic patterns, treatments and their responses, and outcomes in non‐HIV‐infected children with LIP and FB.MethodsThis structured registry‐based study included a retrospective chart review, blinded analysis of imaging studies and lung biopsies, genetic testing, and evaluation of treatments and outcomes.ResultsOf the 13 patients (eight females) studied, eight had FB, four had combined LIP/FB, and one had isolated LIP; diagnoses were highly concordant between the pathologists. Most patients became symptomatic during the first 2 years of life, with a mean lag time to diagnosis of 4 years. The most common symptoms were coughing and respiratory infections (11 out of 13 each), dyspnea (10 out of 13), and wheezing (eight out of 13). Autoantibodies were found in eight out of 13 patients. In three patients, disease‐causing mutations in the COPA gene were identified. CT revealed hilar lymphadenopathy (five out of 12), ground‐glass opacity (eight out of 12), consolidation (five out of 12), and cysts (four out of 13). Systemic steroids as intravenous pulses (11 out of 13) or oral intake (10 out of 13) were the main treatments and showed high response rates of 100% and 90%, respectively. Within the mean observation period of 68 months, all children had chronic courses, eight out of 13 had severe diseases, two died, and one worsened.ConclusionsChildren with LIP/FB have chronic diseases that occurred in early childhood and were commonly associated with immune dysregulation as well as high morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and treatment may be crucial to improve the outcome.
Mutation HOXB13 c.853delT in Martinican prostate cancer patients
Authors: Marlin Régine , Créoff Morgane , Merle Sylvie , Jean‐Marie‐Flore Magalie , Rose Mickaelle , Malsa Sarah , Promeyrat Xavier , Martin François , Comlan Georges , Rabia Nicolas , Taouil Taoufiq , Issoufaly Irfane , Escarmant Patrick , Vinh‐Hung Vincent , Béra Odile 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn Martinique, prostate cancer (Pca) incidence rates are nowadays among the highest worldwide with a high incidence of early‐onset and familial forms. Despite the demonstration of a strong familial component, identification of the genetic basis for hereditary Pca is challenging. The HOXB13 germline variant G84E (rs138213197) was described in men of European descent with Pca risk.MethodsTo investigate the potential involvement of HOXB13 mutations in Martinique, we performed sequencing of the HOXB13 coding regions of 46 index cases with early‐onset Pca (before the age of 51). Additional breast cancers and controls were performed. All cancer cases analyzed in this study have been observed in the context of genetic counseling.ResultsWe identified a rare heterozygous germline variant c.853delT (p.Ter285Lysfs) rs77179853, reported only among patients of African ancestry with a minor allele frequency of 3.2%. This variant is a stop loss reported only among patients of African ancestry with a frequency of 0.2%.ConclusionIn conclusion, we think that this study provides supplementary arguments that HOXB13 variants are involved in Pca.
Hydrolysis of HNSO2: A potential route for atmospheric production of H2SO4 and NH3
Authors: Manonmani Gunasekaran , Sandhiya Lakshmanan , Senthilkumar Kittusamy 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe hydrolysis of sulfonylamine (HNSO2) results in the formation of sulfuric acid along with ammonia, and is of significant interest due to their negative impact on environment and life on Earth. The formation of H2SO4 through the reaction of HNSO2 with (H2O)2‐4 has been studied using high level electronic structure calculations. This hydrolysis reaction is a step‐wise process, in the first step a H‐atom from H2O is transferred to the N‐atom of HNSO2 which results in the formation of NH2, and in the next step, H2SO4, NH3 and water molecule(s) are formed. The results show that the energy barrier associated with the formation of intermediates and product complexes is reduced by 7 to 10 kcal/mol when the number of water molecules is increased from 2 to 4. The rate constant was calculated using canonical variational transition state theory with small curvature tunneling correction over the temperature range of 200 to 1000 K. At 298 K, the calculated rate constant for the formation of intermediate in the first step is 2.24 × 10−16, 1.03 × 10−12, and 2.10 × 10−11 cm3 mol−1 s−1, respectively, for the reaction with water dimer, trimer and tetramer. The calculated enthalpy and free energy show that the reaction corresponding to the formation of H2SO4 is highly exothermic and exoergic in nature.
Impacts of a weir and power station on downstream migrating Atlantic salmon smolts in a German river
Authors: Havn Torgeir B. , Thorstad Eva B. , Borcherding Jost , Heermann Lisa , Teichert Maxim A. K. , Ingendahl Detlev , Tambets Meelis , Sæther Stein Are , Økland Finn 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWeirs are barriers built across rivers for a wide range of other purposes than hydropower production. Like hydropower installations, weirs can negatively impact fish migrations. Downstream migration and mortality of Atlantic salmon smolts were studied during passage of a weir and power station by tagging 227 smolts with radio transmitters. Extra loss of smolts due to the weir and adjacent reservoir was 5.2%. Mortality was likely related to physical damage imposed to the smolts and/or increased predation risk. Extra loss of smolts did not differ between the weir and the power station (7.2%). Migration speeds were reduced at the power station but not at the weir. We conclude that mortality at one power station site may differ considerably among years, because the mortality was more than four times higher in a previous year than in this study. Increased river discharge seemed to decrease mortality and increase migration speeds at the power station.
Comparison and Validation of Different Magnetic Force Microscopy Calibration Schemes
Authors: Corte‐León Héctor , Neu Volker , Manzin Alessandra , Barton Craig , Tang Yuanjun , Gerken Manuela , Klapetek Petr , Schumacher Hans Werner , Kazakova Olga 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe future of consumer electronics depends on the capability to reliably fabricate nanostructures with given physical properties. Therefore, techniques to characterize materials and devices with nanoscale resolution are crucial. Among these is magnetic force microscopy (MFM), which transduces the magnetic force between the sample and a magnetic oscillating probe into a phase shift, enabling the locally resolved study of magnetic field patterns down to 10 nm. Here, the progress done toward making quantitative MFM a common tool in nanocharacterization laboratories is shown. The reliability and ease of use of the calibration method based on a magnetic reference sample, with a calculable stray field, and a deconvolution algorithm is demonstrated. This is achieved by comparing two calibration approaches combined with numerical modeling as a quantitative link: measuring the probe's effect on the voltage signal when scanning above a nanosized graphene Hall sensor, and recording the MFM phase shift signal when the probe scans across magnetic fields produced by metallic microcoils. Furthermore, in the case of the deconvolution algorithm, it is shown how it can be applied using the open‐source software package Gwyddion. The estimated magnetic dipole approximation for the most common probes currently in the market is also reported.
Brane nucleation instabilities in non-AdS/non-CFT
Authors: Henriksson Oscar , Hoyos Carlos , Jokela Niko 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We speculate that the weak gravity conjecture applied to theories with holographic duals bans the existence of disordered phases at zero temperature. We test this idea by introducing a non-zero baryon chemical potential in a deformation of the SU(Nc) × SU(Nc) Klebanov-Witten gauge theory with broken supersymmetry and conformal invariance. At low temperature, a disordered phase dual to a black brane geometry is unstable for low chemical potentials and metastable for high values. In the metastable phase, states with a partial Higgsing of the gauge group are favored over the normal disordered phase. This is reflected in the properties of the effective potential for color branes in the dual geometry, where the appearance of a global minimum outside the horizon signals the onset of a brane nucleation instability. When the Higgsing involves only one of the group factors, the global minimum remains at a finite distance from the horizon, making it possible to construct holographic duals to metastable “color superconducting” states. We also consider branes dual to excitations with baryon charge, but find that the extremal geometry remains marginally stable against the emission of particles carrying baryon charge independently of the strength of the deformation.
Complexity and emergence of warped AdS3 space-time from chiral Liouville action
Authors: Ghodrati Mahdis 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this work we explore the complexity path integral optimization process for the case of warped AdS3/warped CFT2 correspondence. We first present the specific renor- malization flow equations and analyze the differences with the case of CFT. We discuss how the “chiral Liouville action” could replace the Liouville action as the suitable cost function for this case. Starting from the other side of the story, we also show how the deformed Liouville actions could be derived from the spacelike, timelike and null warped metrics and how the behaviors of boundary topological terms creating these metrics, versus the deformation parameter are consistent with our expectations. As the main results of this work, we develop many holographic tools for the case of warped AdS3, which include the tensor network structure for the chiral warped CFTs, entangler function, surface/state correspondence, quantum circuits of Kac-Moody algebra and kinematic space of WAdS/WCFTs. In addition, we discuss how and why the path-integral complexity should be generalized and propose several other examples such as Polyakov, p-adic strings and Zabrodin actions as the more suitable cost functions to calculate the circuit complexity.
Most unicompartmental knee replacement revisions could be avoided: a radiographic evaluation of revised Oxford knees in the National Joint Registry
Authors: Kennedy James A. , Palan Jeya , Mellon Stephen J. , Esler Colin , Dodd Chris A. F. , Pandit Hemant G. , Murray David W. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to understand why the revision rate of unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) in the National Joint Registry (NJR) is so high. Using radiographs, the appropriateness of patient selection for primary surgery, surgical technique, and indications for revision were determined. In addition, the alignment of the radiographs was assessed.MethodsOxford UKR registered with the NJR between 2006 and 2010 and subsequently revised were identified by the NJR. A blinded review was undertaken of pre-primary, post-primary, and pre-revision anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of a sample of 107 cases from multiple centres.ResultsThe recommended indications were satisfied in 70%, with 29% not demonstrating bone-on-bone arthritis. Major technical errors, likely leading to revision, were seen in 6%. Pre-revision radiographs were malaligned and, therefore, difficult to interpret in 53%. No reason for revision was seen in 67%. Reasons for revision included lateral compartment arthritis (10%), tibial loosening (7%), bearing dislocation (7%), infection (6%), femoral loosening (3%), and peri-prosthetic fracture (2%, one femoral, one tibial).ConclusionsOnly 20% of the revised UKR were implanted for the recommended indications, using appropriate surgical technique and had a mechanical problem necessitating revision. One-third of primary surgeries were undertaken in patients with early arthritis, which is contraindicated. Two-thirds were presumably revised for unexplained pain, which is not advised as it tends not to help the pain. This study suggests that variable and inappropriate indications for primary and revision surgery are responsible for the high rates of revision seen in registries.Level of evidenceIII, Therapeutic study.
Continuity and monotonicity of solutions to a greedy maximization problem
Authors: Kruk Łukasz 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMotivated by an application to resource sharing network modelling, we consider a problem of greedy maximization (i.e., maximization of the consecutive minima) of a vector in $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$

R

n

, with the admissible set indexed by the time parameter. The structure of the constraints depends on the underlying network topology. We investigate continuity and monotonicity of the resulting maximizers with respect to time. Our results have important consequences for fluid models of the corresponding networks which are optimal, in the appropriate sense, with respect to handling real-time transmission requests.