bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Prinsip Pemuridan Elia dalam Pendidikan Agama Kristen
Authors: Soeliasih Soeliasih 
Published: April 2020

Elijah was one of the prophets of the nation of Israel who experienced the terrible use of God. Through his ministry, the Israelites experienced a great revival. The success of Elijah's ministry did not reach himself, but he had duplicated it to his student named Elisha, even Elisha became a greater prophet than Elijah. The success of discipleship Elijah the prophet needs to be an example for God's servants today in carrying out Christian religious education. This study seeks to find the principles of discipleship Elijah the prophet to apply to discipleship in the present. As a result of this research, it was found several qualifications of religious educators in Elijah, including aspects of spirituality, mentality, personality, and managerial. Abstrak: Elia adalah salah satu nabi bangsa Israel yang mengalami pemakaian Allah secara dahsyat. Melalui pelayanannya bangsa Israel mengalami kebangunan rohani yang besar. Keberhasilan pelayanan Elia tidak sampai pada dirinya sendiri, namun ia telah menduplikasikannya kepada muridnya yang bernama Elisa, bahkan Elisa menjadi nabi yang lebih hebat daripada Elia. Keberhasilan pemuridan nabi Elia perlu menjadi contoh bagi hamba-hamba Tuhan pada masa sekarang dalam menjalankan pendidikan agama Kristen. Penelitian ini berusaha menemukan prinsip-prinsip pemuridan nabi Elia untuk dapat diterapkan bagi pemuridan pada masa sekarang. Sebagai hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan beberapa kualifikasi pendidik agama dalam diri Elia, meliputi aspek spiritualitas, mentalitas, personalitas, dan manajerial.
Keteladanan Kepemimpinan Rasul Paulus sebagai Role Model dalam Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Berdasarkan Efesus 4:1-16 di Gereja Bahagian Bahasa Melayu di Negara Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Luwis Render 
Published: April 2020

Abstract: The leader is the person who carries out the process, behavior or relationship. In this case the leader must have leadership qualities that are based on the based on the universal characteristics of a leader, for example, having this research is a literature study or literature review using reference books that contain a discussion about the leadership of the Apostle Paul as a role model in human resources development based on Ephesian 4:1-16 by applying descriptive methods. The leadership model of the Apostal Paul based on Ephesians 4:1-16 as the Role of the Gereja Bahagian Bahasa Melayu Human Resource Development Model in the State of Brunei Darussalam as follows: First the character of Christ-likeness. Second, the unity of believers because God is one which is the doctrinal expected by God to be the basis of theology of believers is that the believer must be able to maintain the unity of the Spirit by the bond of peace, not letting or even confounding. Third, unity of service by sharing gifts is God’s gift to believers to serve Him. Forth, the unity of being the perfect body or Christ is a process of believers throughout life continuously tirelessly focused to grow to be perfect.Abstrak: Pemimpin adalah orang yang melaksanakan proses, perilaku atau hubungan. Dalam hal ini pemimpin harus mempunyai kualitas kepemimpinan yang berbasiskan ciri universal seorang pemimpin, misalnya mempunyai Penelitian ini merupakan kajian literatur atau kajian pustaka dengan menggunakan buku-buku referensi yang memuat bahasan mengenai kepemimpinan Rasul Paulus sebagai role model dalam pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia berdasarkan Efesus 4:1-16 dengan menerapkan metode deskriptif. Kesimpulan: Keteladanan Kepemimpinan Rasul Paulus berdasarkan Efesus 4: 1-16 sebagai Role Model Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Gereja Bahagian Bahasa Melayu di Negara Brunei Darussalam sebagai berikut berikut: Pertama, karakter seperti Kristus. Kedua, kesatuan orang percaya karena Allah adalah satu adalah doctrinal yang diharapkan oleh Tuhan menjadi dasar teologi orang percaya adalah bahwa orang percaya wajib mampu memelihara kesatuan Roh oleh ikatan damai sejahtera, bukan membiarkan atau bahkan mengacaukan. Ketiga, kesatuan melayani dengan berbagai karunia merupakan pemberian Allah kepada orang percaya agar mereka melayani-Nya. Keempat, kesatuan menjadi tubuh Kristus yang sempurna merpakan proses orang percaya sepanjang hidup terus-menerus tanpa mengenal lelah fokus untuk bertumbuh menjadi sempurna
Music Teacher Self-Perceived Vocal Health and Job-Related Stress
Authors: Brown Emily Pence 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Vocal health and job-related stress issues have both become endemic with teaching. Oftentimes, vocal health issues and/or stress lead to “burnout” and can result in teachers leaving the profession entirely. Stress is a confounding variable addressed by researchers in previous vocal health literature, but they rarely examine both as equally contributing factors (Dietrich, Abbott, Gartner-Schmidt, & Rosen, 2008; Gotaas & Starr, 1993; Seifert & Kollbrunner, 2005). The purpose of this study was to examine self-reported vocal health and job-related stress in prekindergarten to 12th-grade school music teachers. A questionnaire containing the Voice Handicap Index (VHI; Jacobson et al., 1997) and Teacher Stress Inventory (TSI; Fimian, 1984) was disseminated to members of a larger music educator association in the United States (N = 3,741). Completed surveys (n = 372) were collected and results indicate that there is a correlation between vocal health concerns and job-related stress. Results also suggest that teachers with less teaching experience report higher levels of stress. Finally, results showed that female music teachers report higher levels of vocal health issues and that choir teachers reported the highest scores of both vocal health issues and job-related stress.
Research Data Management Services and Strategic Planning in Libraries Today: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Gowen Elise , Meier John J. 
Published: April 2020

INTRODUCTION Research data services have been adopted by many academic libraries. This study tracked the changes in research data management services and staffing among Association of American Universities (AAU) libraries over the past 5 years and compared them to the libraries’ goals for research data management (RDM) in their strategic plan. METHODS This quantitative study examined libraries at the 60 U.S. AAU institutions. In order to examine longitudinal changes, portions of Briney et.al. (2015a) were used as a basis for measuring data librarian staffing and services. These trends were compared to the contemporary strategic priorities of libraries interviewed by Meier (2016), as well as against strategic plans of 2014 and 2019 available online. RESULTS &amp; DISCUSSION While there have been modest increases in libraries in the sample population offering data services, most of those gains have been among the libraries that did not consider RDM a priority in 2014. Interestingly, some of the libraries that mentioned RDM as a priority in 2014 have lost data librarian positions. Over half of the libraries in this study now provide or support a data repository. Many library strategic plans that mentioned RDM as an explicit goal 5 years ago now no longer mention it. CONCLUSION Data librarian positions, data services, and data repositories have now become common features of large research university libraries. However, research data services are no longer as prominent in many library strategic plans at institutions where such services are more established, and libraries instead seem to be moving on to the work of rethinking the nature of the services or expanding them. Data: https://scholarsphere.psu.edu/concern/generic_works/t1g05ff42r
Inheritance of resistance of two pea lines to powdery mildew
Authors: León Diana P. , Checa Óscar E. , Obando Paula A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe GRICAND, Andean Crops Research Group has identified two resistant pea (Pisum sativum L.) lines to powdery mildew (PM) (Erysiphe pisi): ILS6527 (resistance of foliage and pods) and UN6651 (pods only resistance). This study established the inheritance of these two distinct PM‐resistance genotypes. Resistant lines ILS6527 and UN6651 were crossed with two susceptible varieties (Andina and San Isidro) and their respective generations (F1, F2, BCr, and BCs) were evaluated for PM resistance in naturally infected field tests. Data were subjected to chi‐square (χ2) and homogeneity test. The two crosses of ILS6527 segregated in a monogenic Mendelian ratio of 3 susceptible: 1 resistant in F2 generation, and 1 susceptible: 1 resistant ratio in BCr, which indicate a recessive control of resistance. The resistance gene in ILS6527 may be allelic with er‐1. UN6651 exhibited PM resistance only in pods, the F2 and backcrosses from the crosses with UN6651 segregated in a manner indicative of recessive resistance.
Stereoselective Palladium‐Catalyzed C−F Bond Alkynylation of Tetrasubstituted gem‐Difluoroalkenes
Authors: Ma Qiao , Wang Yanhui , Tsui Gavin Chit 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA stereoselective Pd(PPh3)4‐catalyzed C−F bond alkynylation of tetrasubstituted gem‐difluoroalkenes with terminal alkynes has been developed. This method gives access to a great variety of conjugated monofluoroenynes bearing a tetrasubstituted alkene moiety with well‐defined stereochemistry. Chelation‐assisted oxidative addition of Pd to the C−F bond is proposed to account for the high level of stereocontrol. An X‐ray crystal structure of a key monofluorovinyl PdII intermediate has been obtained for the first time as evidence for the proposed mechanism.
Liquid chromatography‐high resolution mass spectrometric method for the quantification of monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) and its preclinical pharmacokinetics
Authors: Lee Byeong ill , Park Min‐Ho , Choi Jangmi , Shin Seok‐Ho , Byeon Jin‐Ju , Park Yuri , Shin Young G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMMAE is a potent antimitotic drug used as payload of an antibody‐drug conjugate which shows potent activity in preclinical and clinical studies against a range of lymphomas, leukemia and solid tumors. Liquid chromatography‐high resolution mass spectrometric method was developed for the quantification of MMAE and its preclinical pharmacokinetics. The method consisted of protein precipitation using acetonitrile (ACN) for sample preparation and liquid chromatography – quadrupole – time‐of‐flight – tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐qTOF‐MS/MS) analysis in the positive ion mode. A quadratic regression (weighted 1/concentration2), with an equation y = ax2 + bx + c, was used to fit calibration curves over the concentration range of 1.01–2,200 ng/mL for MMAE. The qualification run met the acceptance criteria of ±25% accuracy and precision values for QC samples. Recovery was 42.84%. The dilution integrity was determined for 5‐fold dilution and the accuracy and precision ranged within ±25%. The stability results indicated that MMAE was stable for the following conditions: short‐term (4 h), long‐term (4 weeks), freeze/thaw (3 cycles) and post‐preparative stability (12 h). This qualified method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of MMAE in rat as a preclinical animal model. The PK results suggest that MMAE has moderate CL and low BA.Also, these results would be helpful in having a comprehensive understanding of the PK characteristics of MMAE and developing ADC in future.
Reliability of multimodal MRI brain measures in youth at risk for mental illness
Authors: Drobinin Vladislav , Van Gestel Holly , Helmick Carl A. , Schmidt Matthias H. , Bowen Chris V. , Uher Rudolf 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionA new generation of large‐scale studies is using neuroimaging to investigate adolescent brain development across health and disease. However, imaging artifacts such as head motion remain a challenge and may be exacerbated in pediatric clinical samples. In this study, we assessed the scan–rescan reliability of multimodal MRI in a sample of youth enriched for risk of mental illness.MethodsWe obtained repeated MRI scans, an average of 2.7 ± 1.4 weeks apart, from 50 youth (mean age 14.7 years, SD = 4.4). Half of the sample (52%) had a diagnosis of an anxiety disorder; 22% had attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We quantified reliability with the test–retest intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsGray matter measurements were highly reliable with mean ICCs as follows: cortical volume (ICC = 0.90), cortical surface area (ICC = 0.89), cortical thickness (ICC = 0.82), and local gyrification index (ICC = 0.85). White matter volume reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.98). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) components were also highly reliable. Fractional anisotropy was most consistently measured (ICC = 0.88), followed by radial diffusivity (ICC = 0.84), mean diffusivity (ICC = 0.81), and axial diffusivity (ICC = 0.78). We also observed regional variability in reconstruction, with some brain structures less reliably reconstructed than others.ConclusionsOverall, we showed that developmental MRI measures are highly reliable, even in youth at risk for mental illness and those already affected by anxiety and neurodevelopmental disorders. Yet, caution is warranted if patterns of results cluster within regions of lower reliability.
Cardiovascular MRI: A valuable tool to detect cardiac source of emboli in cryptogenic ischemic strokes
Authors: Mohammad Yousef , Alhoqbani Tariq , Alfaqih Rashed , Altamimi Lamees , Alotaibi Abdullah , AlMousa Abdulelah , El Shaer Fayez , Al‐Hussain Fawaz 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesDespite a thorough work‐up including transesophageal echocardiography, 20%–30% of stroke etiology remains cryptogenic. Transesophageal echocardiogram is considered the gold standard procedure to detect cardiac or aortic sources of emboli. In the recent years, cardiovascular MRI has emerged as a noninvasive, sound, and reliable modality to image morphological and functional abnormalities. In this study, we compared none contrast cardiovascular MRI to transesophageal echocardiogram, in the ability to detect cardiovascular source of embolus in cryptogenic ischemic strokes.MethodsA series of 24 patients who were labeled, after a thorough stroke work‐up, as having cryptogenic stroke, were examined with both transesophageal echocardiogram and noncontrast cardiovascular MRI to assess for cardiac or aortic source of emboli. The cardiologist who interpreted the transesophageal echocardiograms was blinded to the results of cardiovascular MRI. At the same time, the radiologist who interpreted the cardiovascular MRI was also blinded to the results of transesophageal echocardiogram. The cardiac lesions, with potential source of emboli that were assessed in our study included left ventricular thrombus, atrial septal aneurysm, and aortic atherosclerotic disease. The ability of cardiovascular MRI to identify potential source of cardiac embolus was then compared to that of transesophageal echocardiogram.ResultsTransesophageal echocardiogram detected ascending or arch aortic atherosclerotic plaque in 14 of the 24 patients. Other abnormalities detected include two atrial septal aneurysms and two left ventricular thrombus. Cardiovascular MRI was able to identify aortic atheroma in 13 patients; as well as three atrial septal aneurysms and two left ventricular thrombus. The accuracy of cardiovascular MRI to detect aortic atheroma, atrial septal aneurysm or left ventricular thrombus was great; 96%, 95.83%, and 100%, respectively.ConclusionThis small study suggests that, in patients with cryptogenic stroke, cardiovascular MRI is comparable to transesophageal echocardiogram in detecting cardiac and aortic source of emboli.
Global functional connectivity density alterations in patients with bipolar disorder with auditory verbal hallucinations and modest short‐term effects of transcranial direct current stimulation augmentation treatment—Baseline and follow‐up study
Authors: Zhuo Chuanjun , Ji Feng , Lin Xiaodong , Tian Hongjun , Wang Lina , Xu Yong , Wang Wenqiang , Jiang Deguo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the neuroimaging characteristics of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) in patients with bipolar disorder (BP) experiencing depressive episodes with and without AVHs, and alterations in those characteristics after transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS).MethodsFor a baseline pilot study, we recruited 80 patients with BP and depressive status (40 with and 40 without AVHs), and 40 healthy controls (HCs). Their global functional connectivity density (gFCD) was screened by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Voxel‐wise one‐way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was conducted to detect intergroup differences in gFCD. In a follow‐up study, the effects of 5 weeks of tDCS augmentation treatment on clinical symptoms and gFCD were assessed in the 40 BP patients with AVHs.ResultsCompared to HCs, BP patients with and without AVHs exhibited increased gFCD in the central parietal lobe, insular lobe, and middle cingulate cortex, with decreased gFCD in the posterior parietal cortex, lateral prefrontal cortex, and occipital lobe (all bilateral). Only patients with AVHs showed increased gFCD in the Broca and Wernicke regions, and decreased gFCD in the hippocampus (all bilateral). After 5 weeks of tDCS, AVHs were slightly alleviated and gFCD abnormalities in the hippocampus were mildly attenuated.ConclusionsPatients with BP and AVHs showed disturbances in the brain's communication capacity mainly in the left frontoparietal network, control network, and memory circuitry. Five weeks of tDCS alleviated AVHs slightly, without improving depressive symptoms, and attenuated hippocampal gFCD alterations in these patients.
Allochthonous aquatic subsidies alleviate predation pressure in terrestrial ecosystems
Authors: Recalde Fátima C. , Breviglieri Crasso P. B. , Romero Gustavo Q. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe input of external energy and matter in recipient ecosystems can act as a bottom‐up force that subsidizes consumers, with subsequent cascading effects throughout the food web. Depending on the amount of input, dietary preference, and the strength of trophic links, allochthonous resources generally play a stabilizing role on food webs. In this study, we investigated the stabilizing role of allochthonous aquatic resources on intraguild predation (IGP) and their consequences on shared prey in a terrestrial ecosystem. To this end, we manipulated the input of emergent aquatic insects (the allochthonous resources) from streams to land, and predation pressure by bats and birds (the top predators), in a multitrophic food web using an orthogonal exclusion experiment. Using stable isotope metrics, we found that bats, birds, and spiders (the mesopredators), were highly subsidized by emergent aquatic insects. Moreover, among terrestrial prey, top predators fed more on spiders than insects. As predicted, spiders were strongly affected by the presence of top predators when allochthonous resources were excluded. Consequently, in this scenario terrestrial insects were two times more abundant. Because spiders showed a higher preference for consuming aquatic resources, we suggest that nonconsumptive effects of spiders upon terrestrial insects could be mediating the strong response of those shared prey. We demonstrate that the input of allochthonous aquatic resources can play a fundamental role in stabilizing terrestrial trophic interactions and trophic cascades in riparian zones via decreasing predation pressure.
Reach‐scale bankfull channel types can exist independently of catchment hydrology
Authors: Byrne Colin F. , Pasternack Gregory B. , Guillon Hervé , Lane Belize A. , Sandoval‐Solis Samuel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractReach‐scale morphological channel classifications are underpinned by the theory that each channel type is related to an assemblage of reach‐ and catchment‐scale hydrologic, topographic, and sediment supply drivers. However, the relative importance of each driver on reach morphology is unclear, as is the possibility that different driver assemblages yield the same reach morphology. Reach‐scale classifications have never needed to be predicated on hydrology, yet hydrology controls discharge and thus sediment transport capacity. The scientific question is: do two or more regions with quantifiable differences in hydrologic setting end up with different reach‐scale channel types, or do channel types transcend hydrologic setting because hydrologic setting is not a dominant control at the reach scale? This study answered this question by isolating hydrologic metrics as potential dominant controls of channel type. Three steps were applied in a large test basin with diverse hydrologic settings (Sacramento River, California) to: (1) create a reach‐scale channel classification based on local site surveys, (2) categorize sites by flood magnitude, dimensionless flood magnitude, and annual hydrologic regime type, and (3) statistically analyze two hydrogeomorphic linkages. Statistical tests assessed the spatial distribution of channel types and the dependence of channel type morphological attributes by hydrologic setting. Results yielded 10 channel types. Nearly all types existed across all hydrologic settings, which is perhaps a surprising development for hydrogeomorphology. Downstream hydraulic geometry relationships were statistically significant. In addition, cobble‐dominated uniform streams showed a consistent inverse relationship between slope and dimensionless flood magnitude, an indication of dynamic equilibrium between transport capacity and sediment supply. However, most morphological attributes showed no sorting by hydrologic setting. This study suggests that median hydraulic geometry relations persist across basins and within channel types, but hydrologic influence on geomorphic variability is likely due to local influences rather than catchment‐scale drivers. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Changes in white matter fiber density and morphology across the adult lifespan: A cross‐sectional fixel‐based analysis
Authors: Choy Shao Wei , Bagarinao Epifanio , Watanabe Hirohisa , Ho Eric Tatt Wei , Maesawa Satoshi , Mori Daisuke , Hara Kazuhiro , Kawabata Kazuya , Yoneyama Noritaka , Ohdake Reiko , Imai Kazunori , Masuda Michihito , Yokoi Takamasa , Ogura Aya , Taoka Toshiaki , Koyama Shuji , Tanabe Hiroki C. , Katsuno Masahisa , Wakabayashi Toshihiko , Kuzuya Masafumi , Hoshiyama Minoru , Isoda Haruo , Naganawa Shinji , Ozaki Norio , Sobue Gen 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWhite matter (WM) fiber bundles change dynamically with age. These changes could be driven by alterations in axonal diameter, axonal density, and myelin content. In this study, we applied a novel fixel‐based analysis (FBA) framework to examine these changes throughout the adult lifespan. Using diffusion‐weighted images from a cohort of 293 healthy volunteers (89 males/204 females) from ages 21 to 86 years old, we performed FBA to analyze age‐related changes in microscopic fiber density (FD) and macroscopic fiber morphology (fiber cross section [FC]). Our results showed significant and widespread age‐related alterations in FD and FC across the whole brain. Interestingly, some fiber bundles such as the anterior thalamic radiation, corpus callosum, and superior longitudinal fasciculus only showed significant negative relationship with age in FD values, but not in FC. On the other hand, some segments of the cerebello‐thalamo‐cortical pathway only showed significant negative relationship with age in FC, but not in FD. Analysis at the tract‐level also showed that major fiber tract groups predominantly distributed in the frontal lobe (cingulum, forceps minor) exhibited greater vulnerability to the aging process than the others. Differences in FC and the combined measure of FD and cross section values observed between sexes were mostly driven by differences in brain sizes although male participants tended to exhibit steeper negative linear relationship with age in FD as compared to female participants. Overall, these findings provide further insights into the structural changes the brain's WM undergoes due to the aging process.