bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced technology, new spatial dynamic and urban competition : a procedure for evaluation of the italian districts’ competitive potential
Authors: Galderisi Adriana , Gargiulo Carmela 
Published: February 2020

The global change of economy and production determined by the impact of advanced communication technology are re-launching the role of cities and regions from local to global scale. Global competition among cities induces new spatial dynamic, modifying the traditional territorial hierarchies and concentrating the management of economic, technological and cultural relationships in a few metropolitan areas.
Starting from this assumption, this paper gives a contribution for setting up strategies targeted to the promotion of competitive take-off of Italian districts — considered as the most suitable reference unit for this work — closely connected to the strategic resources of each district. In order to pursue this aim, the research work has a twofold goal :
-to identify the strategic resources enabling regions to gain a competitive advantage at different territorial levels (international , national, local) ;
-to evaluate the Italian districts’ competitive potential in the international, national and local context.
The research work deals with the problem of the international competition among cities with a focus on the territorial aspect of the competition. Therefore, in order to set up a procedure for determining the competitive potential of the Italian districts, we consider apart from variables related to economy and production, also variables related to infrastructure equipment, settlement’s quality, human resources, etc. The main finding of the research work is a subdivision
L’entrée des îles méditerranéennes et tropicales dans l’économie informationnelle. Eléments pour une problématique
Authors: Bakis Henry 
Published: February 2020

Cette communication présentera d’abord le contexte problématique (insularité, réseaux techniques territoriaux, rôle des transports pour les sociétés insulaires et pour le développement de l’économie insulaire ; l’opposition géoespace vs cyberespace). Elle déboucher sur l’examen de deux hypothèses majeures permettant d’articuler une recherche sur les îles méditerranéennes ou tropicales :
— les îles vont-elles mieux «s’amarrer » aux continents grâce à l’usage des systèmes de transports et de télécommunications ? ; — les réseaux (transports, réseaux techniques territoriaux) peuvent-ils contribuer à un meilleur fonctionnement spatial des milieux insulaires ?
ICT and external business communication in SMEs
Authors: Ivarsson Inge 
Published: February 2020

This survey focuses on how small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) use information and communication technology (ICT) for enhanced communication with external business partners. We focus on how SMEs and their external business partners communicate by means of computers, which we define as computer-aided-communication (CAC). The survey is based on firm-level data, collected through a structured questionnaire from 166 SMEs located in Western Sweden in the beginning of 1998. Half of SMEs are successful "growth-SMEs", half are a control group of other-SMEs, which in central respects are almost identical to the growth-SMEs. Comparing how these two categories of SMEs use CAC-linkages to business partners, we can identify possible differences. If growth-SMEs have established more or different CAC-linkages to external business partners compared to other-SMEs, this is an interesting indication of an association between the use of CAC and growth-SMEs .
In total, 80 percent of all surveyed SMEs indicated that they have established CAC-linkages with external business partners. Electronic mail seems to be widespread, and a majority also use Internet. A substantial number of SMEs seem to have invested in sophisticated transmission technologies, such as permanent connection and ISDN, while half of SMEs communicate with business partners through standardised data-files (e.g. EDI), indicating co-ordination of communication-technologies between business partners.
Although CAC helps to facilitate communication with external business partners, the major effects from using computers are found in the internal organisations of SMEs, above all in their administrative activities, but also in the production of goods and services. SMEs have basically established CAC-linkages to customers, while a smaller number have CAC-linkages to suppliers and corporate firms. The largest number of SMEs use CAC in the sales function and in the manufacturing/production operations. However, the intensity of this communication only seems to be high in the manufacturing and distribution activities. Between 30 and 40 percent of the company managers in SMEs indicate that they experience positive impacts from CAC-linkages with customers. It especially helps to shorten the lead times and it enhances flexibility in customer relations. However, CAC seems to have only marginally substituted face-to-face contacts with customers, and it basically deepens existing customer relations, rather than helps to establish contacts with new customers.
In conclusion, these findings indicate some interesting positive associations between growth-SMEs and CAC-linkages with external business partners, enhancing the competitiveness of these SMEs. The use of CAC among growth-SMEs contributes to the fact that these firms have been able to more effectively respond to the new demands in buyer-supplier relationships, which increasingly focus on flexibility and the production and distribution of customer-specified products with short lead times.
The Role of Contact Networks in Reconsidering Urban Systems Hierarchies
Authors: Giaoutzi Maria , Stratigea Anastasia 
Published: February 2020

The drastic changes occurring within the European continent during the last decade, such as the removal of national harriers within the European Community and the strengthening of economic and political relationships between countries, imply a neiv geo-economic order in Europe as well as considerable changes in the hierarchical relationships between the regional and urban production systems. Reconsideration of hierarchical relationships will be based upon a certain number of criteria such as economic, social, ethnic as well as polarization and accessibility to contact networks.
As contact networks can be considered all kinds of networks, both physical as well as non physical. The emphasis given to the notion of contact networks reflects strongly the growing importance attached to the interaction taking place between the various actors or regions, which adds a new dimension to the relationship between networks and spatial development.
The growing accessibility of urban centres based on various types of contact networks is expected to reconsider accessibility and development patterns in the urban hierarchy at a European scale. In such a context, the hierarchy of urban centres so far based on indicators such as production activities, population e.t.c. has been, at stake. Cities are nowadays acquiring the role of being the nodes of contact networks.
The focus of this paper is related to the process of evolving urban hierarchy at a European scale in the light of accessibility of urban centres to contact networks, both from a theoretical as well as a methodological point of view. The paper aims at establishing a methodological paradigm for evaluating the dynamics of urban hierarchy, where the issue of accessibility to contact networks is taken into account through various accessibility indicators.
The virtualization of urban functions
Authors: Fistola Romano , La Rocca Rosa Anna 
Published: February 2020

Info-telematic technology is producing a new urban dimension : the digital city. Information represents by now the new good for urban economy : the city produces, elaborates and transfers information. Many of the functional Urban processes are progressively organizing themselves on such model. This means that in a few time, a lot of urban functions (finance, commerce, health, administration, etc.) mil be transferred by the real dimension to the digital one.
Many of face-to-face relationships, once essential forgetting service, will be transformed in the meeting of telematic flows that will replace large part of the urban mobility. If the city can be thought as a complex system, formed by a physical and a functional sub-system the change in action is firstly acting on this last sub-system by priming a process of modifying the urban activities (trading, financing administration, etc.) into virtual activities (virtualization of urban Junctions).
The new order of the city needs the definition of new interpretative models and new procedures to measure this change. The physical and functional city will need at all managerial and town planning actions totally different from those currently carried out. It is necessary to think about new ‘rules” for the city in changing. Urban planners bave a natural difficulty to manage with this type of matters and to envisage a system to manage the virtual dimension of the city. If we don't adopt such different optics it will not be succeeded in checking the new phenomena of urban modernization. Furthermore, it will be lost a possibility to orient the urban system toward new more qualitative levels.
Starting from such considerations the paper tries to put focus on the following topics :
1. an updating of the urban interpretative models that allows to effectively explain the actual evolutionary phase of the city ;
2. the definition of methods that allows to measure the «virtualization » level of the different parts of the city to be able to manage urban transformations ;
3. the envisage of a new process of town planning considering interaction among the component subsystems of the city (physical, functional, perceptive and communicative).
Relations between city and territory. The ‘territorial city’ as (new) spatial pattern for the digital era
Authors: Mazzeo Giuseppe 
Published: February 2020

The transformations in progress in the Italian urban system are analyzed according to three main aspects : 1) the reduction of population in the cities, because of the townspeople movement toward the ring areas ; 2) the dissemination of primary urban functions from the traditional locations (the urban centers) to the surrounding territories ; 3) the small authority of the town planning set of rules, that does not match to the needs of a modem society.
Aim of the paper is to characterize the current relationships establishing between city and territory. It argues that the attention to the territorial phenomena (and, consequently, to the territorial planning) is very important also in the actual phase of strong development of the information economy society. Infact the changes in the economic paradigms of the modem society can affect on the role of the territory in order to develop its specificities and capacities. Such development, however, must not be intended as co mpetitive with the role of the city.
The “ territorial city”, as goal of this evolution, represents the potential synthesis of a cooperative action between city and territory.
The New Geography : Geographical Knowledge and GIS
Authors: Ratti Bruno 
Published: February 2020

Cet article se propose d’illustrer le rôle des TIC en adaptant la géographie à l’époque post-moderne. La contribution des TIC au progrès de la géographie se concrétise dans le GIS qui est devenu non seulement la technologie de référence pour la représentation du territoire, mais aussi le langage d’échange de la connaissance géographique. Cette double valeur de technologie et de langage fait du GIS le moteur du développement de la nouvelle géographie.
Le langage GIS permet l’usage d’une grammaire holistique s’appuyant sur cinq abstractions de la réalité territoriale : Geodataset, Modèles des données, Modèles des processus, Cartes, Méthadonnées. Le GIS fournit un cadre de référence pour porter la pensée géographique à travers tous les aspects de la vie sur le territoire dans une optique de gouvernement, d’affaires, d’émotions, de formation. Ainsi, la nouvelle géographie a diffusé la pratique et les principes géographiques bien au-delà des frontières de la culture de la géographie classique.
ANALISIS KUANTITAS TIGA VARIETAS RUMPUT LAUT Kappaphycus alvarezii YANG DIBUDIDAYA DENGAN METODE LONG LINE
Authors: Afandi Arfan , Syam Arif 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kuantitas terbaik yang dihasilkan dari varietas coklat, merah dan hijau rumput laut K. alvarezii yang dibudidaya dengan metode long line. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai bulan Mei sampai Juni 2014 di Perairan Pulau Panjang, Desa Kamelanta, Kecamatan Kapontori, Kabupaten Buton, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga perlakuan dan setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali sebagai kelompok berdasarkan jarak penanaman yakni darat (jarak tanam 15 m dari darat), tengah (jarak tanam 30 m dari darat) dan dalam (jarak tanam 45 m dari darat). Dengan demikian unit percobaan yang dilibatkan sebanyak tiga unit pada setiap blok sehingga secara keseluruhan dibutuhkan 9 unit percobaan. Perlakuan yang dicobakan pada penelitian ini adalah rumput laut K. alvarezii varietas coklat (C), merah (M) dan hijau (H). Parameter yang diukur yaitu kualitas air, klorofil-a, fikoeritrin, laju pertumbuhan dan produksi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan sidik ragam (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Rumput laut K. alvarezii varietas coklat yang dibudidaya dengan metode long line menghasilkan kuantitas terbaik.
DAYA TERIMA FORMULASI MINUMAN BERBAHAN KEDELAI DAN LABU KUNING
Authors: Liestyaningsih Chori’ah , Maryanto Sugeng , Purbowati  
Published: February 2020

Latar Belakang: Pangan fungsional merupakan makanan atau minuman yang mengandung bahan-bahan yang dapat meningkatkan status kesehatan dan mencegah penyakit tertentu serta dapat diterima secara sensori. Beberapa pangan fungsional tinggi antioksidan adalah kedelai dan labu kuning.
Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan daya terima, nilai gizi dan aktivitas antioksidan formulasi minuman berbahan kedelai dan labu kuning.
Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimental dengan pendekatan rancangan acak lengkap satu faktor. Sampel yang diuji coba adalah formulasi 1 (kedelai 25% + labu kuning 75%), formulasi 2 (kedelai 50% + labu kuning 50%), dan formulasi 3 (kedelai 75% + labu kuning 25%). Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif persentase dan analisis deskriptif statistik frekuensi.
Hasil : Daya terima dari tiga formulasi diperoleh hasil tertinggi formulasi 1 : 78,59% suka, lalu formulasi 2 : 69,69% suka, dan terendah formulasi 3 : 51,75% netral. Kandungan nilai gizi dari formulasi 1 memiliki kadar karbohidrat 9,35%, serat kasar 3,50% dan abu 3,89% lebih besar dan formulasi 3 memiliki kadar protein yaitu 4,65%, lemak 2,81%, dan air 36,32% lebih tinggi. Dengan total energi tertinggi pada formulasi 2 : 69,71 kkal/100 gram. Aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi formulasi 1 : 22,408%, lalu formulasi 2 : 20,201%, dan terendah formulasi 3 : 19,766%.
Simpulan : Ketiga formulasi minuman berbahan kedelai dan labu kuning dapat diterima. Kandungan gizi pada kadar karbohidrat, serat kasar, dan abu tertinggi pada formulasi 1, kadar protein, lemak, dan air tertinggi pada formulasi 3, dan total energi terbesar pada formulasi 2, sedangkan akvitas antioksidan tertinggi pada formulasi 1.
DUKUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP PENGOBATAN TB PARU PADA ANAK DI BALAI KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT AMBARAWA
Authors: Fernadiyanti  , Puspita Dhanang , Dary  
Published: February 2020

Latar Belakang: Tuberkulosis adalah penyakit infeksi menular yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis yang dapat menyerang semua kalangan usia. Penularan tertinggi pada rentang usia 0-14 tahun karena daya tahan tubuh yang masih lemah. Keberhasilan dalam pengobatan TB anak membutuhkan dukungan keluarga seperti pengawasan dalam pengobatan anak, pemenuhan nutrisi yang baik, pemenuhan kebutuhan aktivitas dan istirahat yang cukup dan yang lainnya.
Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dukungan keluarga yang diberikan dalam pengobatan TB paru pada anak.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pemilihan riset partisipan menggunakan purposive sampling. Jumlah riset partisipan 11 orang. Kriteria pemilihan informan adalah orang tua/anggota keluarga yang tinggal satu rumah dengan anak berusia 0-14 tahun yang didiagnosa menderita TB paru dan sedang menjalani pengobatan/sudah selesai pengobatan TB paru. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Mei sampai Juni 2017. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara mendalam.
Hasil: Dalam penelitian ini ada 4 tema yaitu pengertian tentang TB paru pada anak, pengobatan TB paru pada anak, hambatan dalam pengobatan TB paru pada anak, dan dukungan keluarga yang diberikan terhadap penderita TB paru pada anak.
Simpulan: Anak yang menderita TB paru mendapatkan dukungan dari keluarganya seperti memastikan pengobatan yang dilakukan anak tidak pernah terlewatkan serta didukung dengan pemenuhan biaya, sosial, serta nutrisi yang baik untuk anak
Ethics in the operating room; the anesthesiologist's responsibility
Authors: Oliveira Carlos R Degrandi 
Published: February 2020

Anesthesiologists are professionals who practice their expertise in an acute process with a very short withdrawal period, which does not allow them many philosophical ramblings. However, they are professionals who must be increasingly concerned with ethical issues if they are to survive in the market and succeed in the face of ever-increasing public expectations that all physicians must take care of in a shrinking world of today due to rapidly expanding social and electronic media. The operating room is particularly a place prone to interpersonal conflicts, as a wide range of healthcare professionals perform their tasks here, with overlapping and sometimes poorly defined areas of responsibility. Acting on behalf of their patients, anesthesiologists can be considered their moral agents and guardians in their shared work environment.
Citation: Oliveira CRD. Ethics in the operating room; the anesthesiologist's responsibility. Anaesth. pain & intensive care 2019;23(4):__
Comparison of propofol administration regulation by pharmacodynamic indicator esTEC (estimated target-effect-site concentration) versus BIS value
Authors: Matsuki Yuka , Nagata Osamu , Ogino Yoshihiro , Nakanishi Yuko , Shigemi Kenji 
Published: February 2020

Background: Using an algorithm by which the effect-site concentration of propofol (esTEC) necessary for BIS level set from information input from BIS monitor and target controlled infusion (TCI) pump is estimated, we evaluated the accuracy of administration of propofol guided esTEC, whether it is equivalent to that guided BIS value.
Methodology: The clinical data of 29 adult patients, who received head/neck surgery and 27 adult patients, who received gynecological surgery, in our hospital from February 2016 and December 2017 were analyzed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: BIS group (adjustment the propofol dose using a target BIS index of 35 to 55, head/neck surgery n = 15, gynecological surgery n = 14); and esTEC group (adjustment the propofol based on esTEC45, head/neck surgery n = 14, gynecological surgery n = 13). The relevant data from 2 groups were collected and analyzed.
For statistical analysis, the unpaired t-test, chi-squared test and Wilcoxon test were used, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results were expressed as means ± standard deviation.
Results: For head and neck surgery, the percentage of time with BIS35-55 was significantly greater in the esTEC group than the BIS group (95 ± 5% and 81 ± 18%, respectively, p < 0.01), as was the percentage of time with BIS<55 (96 ± 5% and 86 ± 17%, respectively, p = 0.0274). For gynecological surgery as well, the percentage of time with BIS35-55 was significantly higher in the esTEC than the BIS group (95 ± 4% and 82 ± 13%, respectively, p < 0.01), as was the percentage of time with BIS<55 (97 ± 3% and 88 ± 15%, respectively, p = 0.0292).
Conclusion: This investigation showed with surgeries at two sites and with patients of different characteristics that propofol dose adjustment based on esTEC could maintain BIS index within the target range similar to adjustment by an attending resident of anesthesia using the BIS index.
One shock after another; simulation can prevent fixation errors: A case report
Authors: Husson Natacha , Carreira Claudia , Babo Nuno 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Safety is essential in all the anesthesiologists’ activity. Anesthesiology pioneered the use of simulation in training. Human factors play a big part in critical incidents. Understanding and identifying key cognitive errors specific to anesthesiology is the first step in metacognition training and strategies to prevent these errors and improve patient safety.
A 64y female patient, ASA III, submitted to emergency laparotomy with right hemicolectomy. Surgery went uneventful until wound closure. After metamizole administration, the patient had had generalized skin rash, hypoxemia, bradycardia and hypotension, treated as an anaphylactic shock. In the recovery room, she had another episode of severe She had cardiac arrest. Advanced life support was successful. Ecofast (acronym for “The Focused Abdominal Sonography for Trauma Scan") revealed intraperitoneal fluid compatible with massive hemoperitoneum. Hemorrhagic shock was treated with exploratory laparotomy and hemodynamic support with progressive improvement.
It is important to note that a possible fixation error could have delayed the diagnosis of the hemorrhagic shock that overlapped the first anaphylactic shock and culminated in cardio-respiratory arrest. Fixation errors occur when one focuses only on one factor rather than other equally relevant and more predictable ones. Training through simulation increases awareness of potential problems in routine and non-routine settings and allows faster skill acquisition and recognition of problems. ACRM programs where the CRM model is applied to anesthesiology, allows the teaching and training of team behaviors in crisis situations.
Citation: Husson N, Carreira C, Babo N. One shock after another; simulation can prevent fixation errors: A case report. Anaesth pain & intensive care 2019;23(4)__