bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forest Humus Type Governs Heavy Metal Accumulation in Specific Organic Matter Fractions
Authors: Lasota Jarosław , Błońska Ewa , Łyszczarz Stanisław , Tibbett Mark 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSoils have the potential to accumulate heavy metals and the capacity to do so is strongly related the properties of each soil. Soil organic matter is a key factor in the retention, release, and bioavailability of heavy metals, and here we have determined the accumulation of heavy metals in various types of humus in the Rybnik Forest District in southern Poland. In a novel approach, we analyzed relationships between heavy metals within soil organic matter fractions and evaluated the role of organic fractions in mediating metal mobility. Specifically, we tested whether (i) the type of forest humus determines the heavy metal accumulation; (ii) heavy metals accumulation is associated with soil organic matter fractions; and (iii) heavy metals have an inhibitory influence on biochemical properties especially enzymes activity in different humus types. Four types of humus were sampled (mor, moder, moder-mull, mull), physically fractioned, and a number of chemical and biochemical properties were analyzed. Calculated geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) confirmed soil pollution with Cd and Pb. The type of humus differed in the accumulation of heavy metals, which is associated to the variable concentration of organic matter remaining at each decay class. We found no relationship between enzymatic activity and heavy metals concentration except for a positive correlation between urease activity and nickel concentration. Considering wider evidence, we propose a biogeochemical link between nickel deposition and the production of soil-borne urease in these forest soils.
Linosporopsis, a new leaf-inhabiting scolecosporous genus in Xylariaceae
Authors: Voglmayr Hermann , Beenken Ludwig 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBased on molecular phylogenetic and morphological evidence, the new genusLinosporopsis(Xylariales) is established for several species previously classified withinLinospora(Diaporthales). Fresh collections ofLinospora ischnothecafrom dead overwintered leaves ofFagus sylvaticaand ofL. ochraceafrom dead overwintered leaves ofMalus domestica,Pyrus communis, andSorbus intermediawere isolated in pure culture, and molecular phylogenetic analyses of a multi-locus matrix of partial nuITS-LSU rDNA,RPB2andTUB2sequences as well as morphological investigations revealed that both species are unrelated to the diaporthalean genusLinospora, but belong to Xylariaceae sensu stricto. The new combinationsLinosporopsis ischnothecaandL. ochraceaare proposed, the species are described and illustrated, and their basionyms lecto- and epitypified.Linospora fagineais synonymized withL. ischnotheca. Based on similar morphology and ecology,Linospora carpiniandLinospora magnagutianafrom dead leaves ofCarpinus betulusandSorbus torminalis, respectively, are also combined inLinosporopsis. The four accepted species ofLinosporopsisare illustrated, a key to species is provided and their ecology is discussed.
Process model for the successful implementation and demonstration of SME-based industry 4.0 showcases in global production networks
Authors: Peukert S. , Treber S. , Balz S. , Haefner B. , Lanza G. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSmall and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), many of which operate as suppliers in global production networks (GPN), often times lack behind large enterprises in terms of Industry 4.0 implementation. For this reason, scientific contributions recommend SMEs to approach Industry 4.0 through pilot projects in which individual Industry 4.0 use cases are developed and implemented. Hence, to allow for a targeted development and implementation of Industry 4.0 use cases for SMEs in GPN, this paper proposes a five-step process model that seeks to make use of Industry 4.0 potentials in terms of increased product qualities and logistics performances within such networks. In contrast to existing process models, this paper follows a holistic approach that initially focuses on the identification of potential problems that impede increased product qualities and logistics performances. Building upon these problems, potential Industry 4.0 solutions are derived and transferred into use cases using a structured idea generation and selection process. After the successful implementation of the use case, the procedure is completed by the conversion of the use case into a showcase that might serve as a lighthouse project illustrating the potentials of Industry 4.0 for other production network partners. For testing its practicability, the procedure is exemplarily applied to the GPN of an automotive supplier.
Einstellungen und Selbstwirksamkeitsüberzeugungen von Lehramtsstudierenden bezüglich inklusiven Unterrichts: Zusammenhänge mit Kontakterfahrungen und Grundlagenkenntnissen über schulische Inklusion
Authors: Greiner Franziska , Taskinen Päivi , Kracke Bärbel 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungPositive Einstellungen und hohe Selbstwirksamkeitsüberzeugungen der Lehrkräfte gelten als zentrale Gelingensbedingungen schulischer Inklusion. Dieser Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob Einstellungen und Selbstwirksamkeitsüberzeugungen bezüglich inklusiven Unterrichts mit Grundlagenkenntnissen über schulische Inklusion sowie mit inklusionsbezogenen Kontakterfahrungen zusammenhängen. Die Stichprobe umfasst Lehramtsstudierende weiterführender Schulen im ersten (n = 197) und im dritten Studienjahr (n = 279). Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass die Einstellungen und Selbstwirksamkeitsüberzeugungen von Studierenden am Anfang und in der Mitte des Studiums neutral bis tendenziell positiv ausgeprägt sind. Zudem zeigen sich in der Subgruppe der fortgeschrittenen Studierenden die persönlichen Kontakterfahrungen als bedeutsam für die Höhe der Einstellungen und die selbsteingeschätzten Grundlagenkenntnisse als bedeutsam für die Höhe der Selbstwirksamkeitsüberzeugungen. Aus den Ergebnissen können Impulse für die Lehrkräftebildung generiert werden, da leicht veränderbare Faktoren – Kontakterfahrungen mit Inklusion und Grundlagenkenntnisse über Inklusion in der Schule – identifiziert wurden, die für die Ausprägung von inklusionsbezogenen Einstellungen und Selbstwirksamkeitsüberzeugungen relevant sind.
Microfluidically prepared sensor particles for determination of chloride by fluorescence quenching of matrix-embedded lucigenin
Authors: Kronfeld Klaus-Peter , Ellinger Thomas , Köhler J. Michael 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Polyacrylamide sensor particles have been synthesized by using a microfluidic arrangement for generation of microdroplets containing a reaction mixture for forming gel microparticles. The droplets are formed in an inert carrier liquid immiscible with the reaction mixture based on aqueous solutions. Gel particles are formed in situ by photochemical initiation of polymerization inside droplets using an UV-sensitive photoinitiator. In result, water-swellable spheres with submillimetre size are obtained. Those spheres were loaded with N,N′-dimethyl-9,9′-biacridinium dinitrate (lucigenin) as ion selective fluorescence probe for chloride. The particles can be dried, stored and re-swollen. Upon exposure of dried particles to sodium chloride solutions they showed dynamic fluorescence quenching obeying the linear plot of Stern–Volmer-equation between 0 and 130 mM Cl−. Thus, chloride concentrations up to 50 mM could be measured with appropriate accuracy. The particles allow a fast optical determination of chloride in tiny analyte volumes down to below ten microliters.

Graphic abstract
Oldest Immiscible Silica‐rich Melt on the Moon Recorded in a ~4.38 Ga Zircon
Authors: Zeng Xiaojia , Joy Katherine H. , Li Shijie , Lin Yangting , Wang Nian , Li Xiongyao , Li Yang , Hao Jialong , Liu Jianzhong , Wang Shijie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe temporal duration of lunar‐evolved magmatism is still poorly constrained. In lunar meteorite Northwest Africa (NWA) 10049, a melt inclusion‐bearing zircon fragment provides a new tool to understand the composition and age of the melts from which zircon directly crystallized. The studied zircon‐hosted melt inclusions are silica rich and iron poor (e.g., ~80–90 wt% SiO2; <0.5 wt% FeO), compositionally similar with immiscible silica‐rich melts found in Apollo rocks. Nano‐SIMS U–Pb analyses of the zircon yielded a minimum crystallization age of 4,382 ± 40 Ma, older than the ages for Apollo highly evolved alkali suite lithologies (~3.8–4.33 Ga). Our study shows that the melt inclusion‐bearing zircon in NWA 10049 is the oldest microscale evidence for documenting immiscible silica‐rich melts in lunar samples, suggesting that lunar‐evolved silica‐rich melts were prevalent as early as ~4.38 Ga. This work implies that there would be a prolonged silicic magmatism occurred on the Moon.
Crystal Fractionation by Crystal‐Driven Convection
Authors: Culha Cansu , Suckale Jenny , Keller Tobias , Qin Zhipeng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFractional crystallization is an essential process proposed to explain worldwide compositional abundances of igneous rocks. It requires crystals to precipitate from the melt and segregate from its residual melt, or experience crystal fractionation. The compositional abundances of volcanic systems show a bell curve distribution suggesting that the process has variable efficiencies. We test crystal fractionation efficiency in convective flow in low to intermediate crystallinity regime. We simulate the physical segregation of crystals from their residual melt at the scale of individual crystals, using a direct numerical method. We find that at low particle Reynolds numbers, crystals sink in clusters. The relatively rapid motion of clusters strips away residual melt. Our results show cluster settling can imprint observational signatures at the crystalline scale. The collective crystal behavior results in a crystal convection that governs the efficiency of crystal fractionation, providing a possible explanation for the bell curve distribution in volcanic systems.
The role of worldviews in the governance of sustainable mobility
Authors: Chuang Frank , Manley Ed , Petersen Arthur 
Published: February 2020

Significance
In sustainability policy-making, a critical task is to value present and future needs in order to realize good quality of life. To analyze complex ideas of how people interpret reality, develop value orientations, and define needs and the good life, the notion of worldviews proved to be useful. We use worldviews to study how people of distinct ways of life perceive and assess sustainable mobility issues. Through exploring three worldviews (egalitarianism, hierarchy, and individualism), our results map across British people’s attitudes to mobility debates in terms of the economic, environmental, social, and political dimensions. In so doing, our study demonstrates a framework for identifying what behavioral and institutional barriers hinder the transformations needed to achieve better cities and societies.
PD-1+ stemlike CD8 T cells are resident in lymphoid tissues during persistent LCMV infection
Authors: Im Se Jin , Konieczny Bogumila T , Hudson William H. , Masopust David , Ahmed Rafi 
Published: February 2020

Significance
T cell immunity is important in the control of chronic viral infections and cancer. Recent studies have identified a population of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1+) stemlike CD8 T cells that provide the proliferative burst after PD-1–directed immunotherapy. In this study, we have examined the migratory properties of these stemlike CD8 T cells using the mouse model of chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. We show that these quiescent stemlike CD8 T cells do not circulate and are resident in lymphoid tissues, providing a protective niche for their maintenance during chronic infection. These results raise important questions regarding the role of specialized niches within lymphoid tissues and for developing new immunotherapeutic approaches targeting these PD-1+ stemlike CD8 T cells.
Effectiveness of sediment flushing by using under sluice flush canal
Authors: Safanpo A , Suripin  , Hadihardaja I K 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyse the effectiveness of sediment flushing system of under sluice channel at a floodway. An empirical model of under sluice flushing were built to determine its effectiveness. The object model of this study was the Sedayulawas floodway, located in Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia. This study used Hydraulic Physical Model Test. The model conducted in the Laboratory of Surakarta River Center. The variables of this study were sediment weight of flush sediment, upstream water level, sediment mass density, sediment diameter, current velocity, and water discharge. The result of this research discovers that the upstream water level, sediment mass density, sediment diameter, current velocity, and the water discharge, directly proportional towards the weight of the flush sediment.
Evaluation of factors contributing to wave-in-deck using pushover analysis for fixed jacket structures
Authors: Yee N C , Johan A , Kajuputra A E , Pangestu L A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Wave in deck (WID) phenomenon of a wave hitting on the topside for fixed jacket platforms at shallow water condition has been reported as a notable risk to the workability and reliability of these structures. When hydrocarbon from the seabed is extracted for an extended period of time, there might be a reduction in pressure, which allows subsidence to happen. A platform experiencing subsidence promotes the decrease in air gaps, which eventually allows the waves to attack the bottom decks. The impact of the WID generates additional loads to the structure and therefore increases the values of the moment arms. Higher moment arms trigger instability in terms of overturning, which eventually decreases the reserve strength ratio (RSR) values of the structure. The mechanics of WIDs, however, are still not well understood and have not been fully incorporated into the design codes and standards. Therefore, there is a need to revisit the current design codes and standards for platform design optimization. This paper aims at evaluating the effect of RSR values due to WID on four-legged jacket platforms in Malaysia. Base shear values with regards to calibration and modifications of wave characteristics are obtained by numerical simulations. Correspondingly, pushover analysis was conducted to retrieve the RSR. The effects of the contributing factors, namely wave height, wave period, and water depth with regards to the RSR and base shear values, are expected to be analyzed and thoroughly discussed. The work illustrated in this paper is important in optimizing the design life of the existing and aging offshore structures. Outcomes of this research are expected to provide an additional evaluation of the WID mechanics and in return, contribute to the current mitigation strategies in managing the issue.
Experimental investigation on strength improvement of lateritic Halmahera soil using quicklime stabilization
Authors: Saing Z , Ibrahim M H , Irianto  
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of quicklime on soil strength performance of lateritic Halmahera soil (LHS) on a particular mixture composition. The Lateritic soil consists of three types based on its iron content from three different location in Eastern Halmahera Island. Soil sample labeled according to iron contents, that is LHS-1 for low iron content, LHS-2 for medium iron content, and LHS-3 for high iron content. Soil physical properties were obtained from laboratory test according to ASTM testing standard. The soil sample was mixed with 3, 5, 7, and 10% quicklime addition on maximum dry density (MDD) condition from Proctor standard laboratory test results. The sample were cured for 3, 7, 14, and 28 days before being tested for unconfined compression strength (UCT) test. The results was found that the significant effect of iron content to increase strength. The higher of iron content, then strength increases, it is the novelty of this research and differentiate laterite Halmahera soil with other laterite soil in Indonesia. Therefore, the lateritic Halmahera soil potential to be used as road and construction materials.
Dynamics urban development to the carrying capacity of agricultural land Maros Region Province South Sulawesi
Authors: Ihsan  , Rasyid A R , Asfan L O M , Yanti S A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The development of Maros tends to influence the development of the surrounding areas. The presidential Regulation no. 55 in 2011 the establishment of Mamminasata metropolitan areas (Makassar - Maros - Sungguminasa - Takalar) became one of the National Strategic Areas (KSN) in Indonesia, where Maros’ one of the main functions in agriculture. The purpose is to study the dynamism of urban development based on the demographic, economic and physical aspects of the developed areas as well as seeing the relevance of urban development towards the agricultural lands supporting the capacity in Maros Regency, and to become the considerable basis for spatial planning in Maros Regency. The approach uses the analysis of the dynamism of urban area development, and the analysis is done by looking at the demographic aspects, such as population, economy, and the physical built area especially in the built area itself. Analyzing the carrying capacity of agricultural lands, this analysis is intended to see the availability of existing agricultural lands based on land use, and the relevance of urban development towards the carrying capacity of agricultural lands in Maros Regency.
Identification of water origin model in the West Tompaso Minahasa, North Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Riogilang H , Djamaluddin I , Kaseke O H , Herawaty R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Sixteen water samples were collected from the river, spring, and hot spring at the West Tompaso in Minahasa Region, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The water types were identified as Ca-HCO3, Ca-SO4, Na-HCO3, Na-SO4, and H-SO4. The samples water of TS-1, TS-02, TS-03, TS-04, WT-11, and T-12 are Ca-HCO3 type. The origin of this water type is shallow groundwater. Another water samples of TS-05, TS-06, TS-07, GS-13, GS-14, and GS-15 are Ca-SO4 type. These water types were identified as hot springs. Two samples of water of WT-10 and WT-16 are Na-HCO3 type. These waters come from the confined aquifer. The sample water of BK-08 is Na-SO4 type. This water is saline affected water and comes from the hot spring. BK-9 is H-SO4 type. This water type is steam-heated water and rich acidic water. All samples of water origin are shallow groundwater and surface water. Shallow groundwater model at the West Tompaso was developed.
Utilization of geospatial information for recovery and rehabilitation from the northern Kyushu heavy rainfall disaster in July 2017
Authors: Kameyama N , Mitani Y , Taniguchi H , Okajima Y 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Unexpected torrential rains have occurred recently due to global warming. There is “limits of public help” in such a disaster. Therefore, “self-help” and “mutual help” become more important to protect lives. Improving these helps enhances disaster resilience. The purpose of this research is to propose initiatives utilizing geospatial information in recovery and rehabilitation phases and to indicate the effects of using geospatial information in the initiatives. The initiatives have conducted for rehabilitation in Toho village, which was damaged by the Northern Kyushu Heavy Rainfall Disaster in July 2017. One initiative is formulating a rehabilitation plan. Meetings are held to reflect residents’ opinions to the plan; using the map is useful to collect and share the opinions. Residents could discuss concrete future visions by using a map, and the rehabilitation plan reflected the opinions of residents could be published. The other initiative is Risk Communication. Many kinds of geospatial information are collected in it, and the Risk Map is published. The map shows the dangerous places and evacuation sites, and residents could understand their location, then the map enhanced disaster resilience.
Effect of buton’s granular asphalt gradation on marshall stability of cold emulsified asphalt mixtures under wet condition
Authors: One La , Tjaronge M W , Irmawaty R , Hustim M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This study aims to compare the performance of Cold Mix Asphalt with Buton’s Granular Asphalt taking into account gradation of BGA and gradation of BGA Mineral in a combined gradation under wet condition. The specimens were made with optimum bitumen content of 8%, water content of 5%, and Buton’s Granular Asphalt content of 6-13.5%. Marshall Stability testing refers to National Standard of Indonesia number 06-2489-1991. The maximal Marshall Stability of CEAM under wet condition which takes into account gradation of BGA in combined gradation is obtained at BGA content of 11.75%. The maximal Marshall Stability of CEAM under wet condition which takes into account gradation of BGAM in combined gradation is obtained at BGA content of 11%. The Marshall stability of CEAM taking into account BGA gradation in combined gradation were higher of 3-14% than which takes into account the gradation of BGA Mineral. Therefore, design gradation of Cold Mix Asphalt using Buton’s Granular Asphalt which be recommended in The Construction and Building Guideline, Public Work Department of Republic of Indonesia of 2006, should be revised to take into account gradation of BGA in combined gradation.
Preliminary study on early compressive strength of foam concrete using Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and Portland Composite Cement (PCC)
Authors: Sunarno Y , Tjaronge M W , Irmawaty R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the initial characteristics of foam concrete mixtures. This performance, using Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and Portland Composite Cement (PPC) were examined for its density and compressive strength on day 1, 3 and 7. In addition, the production process was initiated by formulating a mix of foam solvent, simultaneously creating the mortar, with the use of OPC or PPC, followed by the individual integration of a foaming solvent. Furthermore, after density evaluation, a specimen is produced with the cylinder cast, in a diameter of about 150 mm, and length of 300 mm, containing individual water and atmosphere curing. The density obtained was higher than the outcome of air curing tests, which decreased continuously with the concrete age. Furthermore, the compressive strength measured was relatively lower in water curing testing, using PCC, and on day 7it w was up to 3.46 MPa, or 73.5%, which seems to be lower than the record obtained with the use of OPC, which was about 3.94 MPa. At similar age, the value obtained for air curing with PCC reached 4.52 MPa or 96.0%, exhibiting a lesser value than OPC (4.71 MPa).