bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived project complexity: a survey among practitioners of project management
Authors: Mikkelsen Mogens Frank 
Published: July 2020

PurposeProject complexity has been comprehensively investigated over the last two decades, resulting in many descriptive frameworks and models. The common layout is a multidimensional construct. While the perception of the complexity of projects is essential for a managerial approach, only scant research has been conducted into how practitioners perceive project complexity. The purpose of the paper is to fill this gap.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a quantitative study based on a large survey among managers of projects with more than 1,000 participants. The questionnaire is designed based on a review of research literature on project complexity.FindingsThe findings indicate that practitioners' mental models are concentrated on only a few dimensions of the many found in descriptive models. Further, the findings indicate that the mental models are much influenced by the project role of the perceiver and less so by the type of project and sector.Originality/valueThis paper discusses the differentiation of concepts of perceived project complexity and provides a framework for a survey of the topic. The contribution of the paper is an increased understanding of practitioners' perceptions of project complexity as a concept very different from the descriptive frameworks that have been the focal point for research in project complexity thus far. The project complexity might be in the eye of the beholder; however, the findings indicate that the eyes are very much influenced by the project role of the beholder.
Blockchain security research: theorizing through bibliographic-coupling analysis
Authors: Patrício Lurdes D. , Ferreira João J. 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe continuous presence and intensity of the Internet of things (IoT) in our lives and the risk of security breaches in traditional transactional and financial platforms are the major cause of personal and organizational data losses. Blockchain emerges as a promised technology to ensure higher levels of data encryption and security. Thus, this study aims to develop a systematic literature review analyzing the previous literature and to purpose of a framework to better understand the process of blockchain security.Design/methodology/approachThe 75 articles reviewed were obtained through the Scopus database and a bibliographic-coupling analysis was developed to identify the main themes of this research area, via VOSviewer software.FindingsThe results enable the categorization of the existing literature revealing four clusters: 1) feasibility, 2) fintech and cryptocurrency, 3) data trust and share and 4) applicability. Blockchain technology is still in its early stage of development and counting on researchers in security and cryptography to take it further to new highs, to allow its applicability to different areas and in long-term scenarios.Originality/valueThis systematic literature creates a base to reduce the blockchain security literature gap. In addition, it provides a framework that enables the scientific community to access the main subjects discussed and the articulation between concepts. Furthermore, it enhances the state-of-the-art literature on blockchain security and proposes a future research agenda.
The innovation-employment nexus: an analysis of the impact of Airbnb on hotel employment
Authors: Mhlanga Oswald 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impacts of Airbnb on hotel employment.

Design/methodology/approach
A triple-difference regression framework was used to compare changes in hotel employment in three cities in South Africa where Airbnb started operating relative to cities without this home-sharing platform. Data on hotel employment was drawn from the survey on hotel service conducted by Smith Travel Research whereas the data on Airbnb’s listings was drawn from the Airbnb’s homepage for the period between July 2015 and December 2018. The analysis was restricted to 792 hotels.

Findings
Although prior studies have showed that Airbnb has an adverse impact on hotel performances, the findings show that total hotel employment expanded after the entry of Airbnb, accompanied by a marked relative shift towards self-employment. Airbnb supply negatively affected permanent employment, which was compensated by increase in temporary employment and self-employment. While the paper finds no evidence of adverse employment impacts, the hourly earnings declined for hotel employees were compensated by increase in income among self-employed Airbnb hosts. Although these findings might be contradictory to the general conjecture, such evidence calls for a comprehensive investigation of Airbnb’s overall economic impact.

Research limitations/implications
First, the study was based on the impact of Airbnb on hotel employment in South Africa. Caution is therefore required when generalising the findings of this study in other geographic areas. Second, some variables that may affect employment have not been included in this study because of the unavailability of data.

Practical implications
The results show that the sharing economy plays an important role in solving the unemployment problem, particularly in South Africa, where there is a high rate of unemployment. More practical implications are further discussed.

Originality/value
To the best of author’s knowledge, this paper provides the first systematic evidence of the impact of Airbnb on labour market outcomes in the hotel industry in South Africa.
Motivating language and employee outcomes: a multinational investigation
Authors: Nguyen Cau Ngoc , Ning Wei , Alikaj Albi , Tran Quoc Nam 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This study aims to examine the impact of managerial use of motivating language on employee absenteeism, turnover intention, job satisfaction and job performance for employees from three nations: India, the USA and Vietnam.

Design/methodology/approach
Data is collected from 614 employees working in India, the USA and Vietnam. A variance-based partial least squares structural equation modeling technique is used to test the hypotheses. In addition, a statistical test is used to examine the statistical differences in the results across the three nations.

Findings
The findings are consistent with the motivating language theory, in that managerial use of motivating language can be an effective strategy in motivating employees. Specifically, motivating language is found to significantly decrease employee absenteeism and turnover intention, as well as significantly increase job satisfaction and performance across the three nations. The effect sizes indicate that, across all samples, motivating language has a medium effect for all employee outcomes, except absenteeism, which is shown to have a small effect size. Moreover, the results indicate that employees in different cultures perceive and interpret the leader’s use of motivating language in different ways. Whereas motivating language may receive greater success in promoting workers’ job performance in eastern cultures, it is also more effective in retaining employees in western cultures.

Originality/value
The study adds to the literature in three major ways. First, it provides evidence for two understudied relationships: motivating language and absenteeism and motivating language and turnover intention. Second, it assesses the generalizability of the motivating language theory by investigating data from India, the USA and Vietnam. Finally, this paper offers a statistical comparison of the three samples to analyze how the relationship between motivating language and worker outcomes differ among the three samples.
Usefulness of neuron‐specific enolase as a serum marker of metastatic melanoma
Authors: Sato Sayuri , Kato Junji , Sawada Masahide , Horimoto Kohei , Okura Masae , Hida Tokimasa , Uhara Hisashi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTreatment strategies for advanced melanoma are dramatically changing, due to immune‐checkpoint inhibitors and BRAF/MEK inhibitors. Nevertheless, reliable serum markers for evaluation of treatment responses and the outcome are still limited. Some previous reports suggested that serum neuron‐specific enolase (sNSE) may be a useful marker for melanoma; however, its usefulness is controversial. Moreover, NSE has not been examined in vitro by using melanoma cell lines. We retrospectively evaluated sNSE and serum lactate dehydrogenase (sLDH) levels at the initial diagnosis and during therapy in 33 melanoma patients of various stages. We analyzed the NSE concentrations in cell lysates and supernatants from melanoma cell lines by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The median sNSE was significantly higher in stage IV patients compared with stages I/II and III (16.3, 12.7 and 12.1 ng/mL, respectively). sNSE was elevated in 20% (2/10) of stage III and 61.1% (11/18) of stage IV patients but not in stages I/II. sNSE and sLDH tended to correspond to the total tumor volume (P = 0.48 and 0.58; 95% confidence intervals, 0.005–0172 and 0.776–0.836, respectively). The coincidence rate of sNSE and sLDH in stage IV at the initial diagnosis was 11 of 18 (61.1%). Of the remaining patients, elevated sNSE but not sLDH was observed in five patients (27.8%) and elevated sLDH but not sNSE was observed in two (11.1%). Four of the five patients showing elevated sNSE and normal sLDH were of the mucosal type. NSE was detected in both supernatant and cell lysate of all four melanoma cell lines (0.30–237.32 ng/mL and 137–483.04 ng/mg, respectively). Two cell lines with a high supernatant NSE level contained many dead cells in the supernatant. The combination of sNSE and sLDH could contribute to the early detection of distant metastasis and disease condition evaluations for advanced melanoma patients.
Alexia and agraphia in Spanish
Authors: Gonzalez Rafael , Rojas Macarena , Ardila Alfredo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundEvery language has certain specific idiosyncrasies in its writing system. Cross‐linguistic analyses of alexias and agraphias are fundamental to understand commonalities and differences in the brain organization of written language. Few reports of alexias and agraphias in the Spanish language are currently available.AimsTo analyse the clinical manifestations of alexias and agraphias in Spanish, and the effect of demographic variables.Methods & ProceduresSpanish versions of the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) and Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) were used for language assessment. Lesion localization was obtained by using computed axial tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The final sample included 200 patients: 195 (97.5%) right‐handed and five (2.5%) left‐handed; 119 men and 81 women with a mean age of 57.37 years (SD = 15.56), education of 13.52 years (SD = 4.08), and mean time post‐onset of 6.58 months (SD = 12.94). Using the WAB, four quotients were calculated: aphasia quotient (AQ), reading–writing quotient (RWQ), language quotient (LQ) and cortical quotient (CQ).Outcomes & ResultsThe types of aphasia were: global = 11 patients (5.5%), Broca = 31 (15.5%), Wernicke = 30 (15.0%), conduction = 22 (11.0%), transcortical sensory = 17 (8.5%), transcortical motor = 3 (1.5%), amnesic or anomic = 54 (27.0%) and mixed non‐fluent = 32 (16.0%). The degree of oral and written language impairment differed across the various aphasia types. Most severe reading and writing difficulties were found in global, mixed non‐fluent and transcortical motor aphasia; fewer difficulties were observed in amnesic, Broca and conduction aphasia. The severity of the written language impairments paralleled the severity of the oral language disturbances. Age negatively, while schooling positively, correlated with the scores in reading and writing tests. No effect of sex and time since onset was found.Conclusions & ImplicationsIn Spanish‐speaking aphasia patients, difficulties in reading and writing are similar to oral language difficulties. This similarity of performance is mostly based on severity rather than the participants’ patterns of errors.What this paper addsWhat is already known on the subjectThere is limited information about alexia and agraphia in Spanish.What this paper adds to existing knowledgeAn extensive study with a large sample of patients.What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?The study contributes to the clinical management of patients with reading and writing disturbances.
Shear‐dependent platelet aggregation size
Authors: Chan Chris Hoi Houng , Inoue Masataka , Ki Katrina K. , Murashige Tomotaka , Fraser John F. , Simmonds Michael J. , Tansley Geoff D. , Watanabe Nobuo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNonsurgical bleeding is the most frequent complication of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support. Supraphysiologic shear rates generated in LVAD causes impaired platelet aggregation, which increases the risk of bleeding. The effect of shear rate on the formation size of platelet aggregates has never been reported experimentally, although platelet aggregation size can be considered to be directly relevant to bleeding complications. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of shear rate and exposure time on the formation size of platelet aggregates, which is vital in predicting bleeding in patients with an LVAD. Human platelet‐poor plasma (containing von Willebrand factor, vWF) and fluorochrome‐labeled platelets were subjected to a range of shear rates (0‐10 000 s−1) for 0, 5, 10, and 15 minutes using a custom‐built blood‐shearing device. Formed sizes of platelet aggregates under a range of shear‐controlled environment were visualized and measured using microscopy. The loss of high molecular weight (HMW) vWF multimers was quantified using gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. An inhibition study was also performed to investigate the reduction in platelet aggregation size and HMW vWF multimers caused by either mechanical shear or enzymatic (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13—ADAMTS13, the von Willebrand factor protease) mechanism under low and high shear conditions (360 and 10 000 s−1). We found that the average size of platelet aggregates formed under physiological shear rates of 360‐3000 s−1 (200‐300 μm2) was significantly larger compared to those sheared at >6000 s−1 (50‐100 μm2). Furthermore, HMW vWF multimers were reduced with increased shear rates. The inhibition study revealed that the reduction in platelet aggregation size and HWM vWF multimers were mainly associated with ADAMTS13. In conclusion, the threshold of shear rate must not exceed >6000 s−1 in order to maintain the optimal size of platelet aggregates to “plug off” the injury site and stop bleeding.
The Effect of Attachment Diversity on Team Performance and the Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support
Authors: Reizer Abira , Schechter Ofri , Ein‐Dor Tsachi 
Published: July 2020

Attachment personality theory provides an interpersonal and relational perspective of human functioning. The current research examines the role of attachment diversity within the theoretical framework of the categorization‐elaboration model (CEM). We hypothesized that teams comprised of diverse attachment orientations would be beneficial to team performance. Specifically, diverse anxiety teams may have members who would be more vigilant to team threats, whereas diverse avoidance teams could comprise individuals who may be more goal‐oriented. Also, we examined whether perceived organizational support (POS) moderates the association between attachment diversity and team performance. The study was conducted at a large private communications company. Data were obtained for 44 sales teams (N = 404). Supplementing this data, the company’s administrative systems provided team performance ratings derived from team achievements. Findings indicated that the relationship between anxiety diversity and performance were stronger under lower POS levels than under higher POS levels. Interpersonal avoidance strategies seem to be less productive in avoidance diversity teams under lower levels of POS. However, higher POS levels buffered the negative impact of avoidance diversity on team performance.
Social connections and editorship in economics
Authors: Miniaci Raffaele , Pezzoni Michele 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the determinants of editorial board membership, for 17 leading journals in economics, from 1997 to 2009. We find that the researcher's scientific profile and connections to the editors in charge are significant predictors of editorship. Ceteris paribus, after controlling for unobserved researcher heterogeneity, scholars with links to editors in the co‐authorship network are more likely to serve as editors and this advantage decreases sharply with the social distance. Being a present or former departmental colleague or protégé of an editor‐in‐charge is positively associated with the probability of appointment to the board.RésuméLiens sociaux et comités éditoriaux en économie. Cet article explore les éléments déterminants relatifs à la composition des comités éditoriaux de 17 revues économiques de premier plan entre 1997 et 2009. Nous avons constaté que le profil scientifique du chercheur ainsi que ses relations avec les éditeurs augmentent la probabilité d’être membre d’un comité éditorial. Toutes choses étant égales par ailleurs, et après avoir neutralisé l’hétérogénéité non observée des chercheurs, il apparaît que les chercheurs en lien avec des éditeurs dans un réseau de corédaction sont davantage susceptibles de devenir éditeurs à leur tour, et que cet avantage s’amenuise drastiquement avec la distance sociale. Le fait d’avoir été collègue au sein d’un même département ou mentoré par un éditeur est associé de fac¸on positive à la probabilité d’intégrer le comité éditorial.
Pharmacological evaluation of imidazole‐derived bisphosphonates on receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand‐induced osteoclast differentiation and function
Authors: Lin Jianguo , Peng Ying , Liu Qingzhu , Li Ke , Lv Gaochao , Seimbille Yann , Huang Gang , Gao Feng , Qiu Ling 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBisphosphonates (BPs) have been commonly used in the treatment of osteolytic bone lesions, such as osteoporosis and osteogenesis imperfecta. However, serious side‐effects can occur during the therapy. To search for novel potent BPs with lower side‐effects, a series of imidazole‐containing BPs (zoledronic acid [ZOL]; ZOL derivatives by substitution of the hydrogen at the 2‐position on the imidazole ring with a methyl [MIDP], ethyl [EIDP], n‐propyl [PIDP], or n‐butyl group [BIDP]) were developed and the effects on receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL)‐induced osteoclast differentiation were investigated using the murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells at the protein, gene, and morphological and functional levels. Influences of these BPs on the cell growth and proliferation of RAW 264.7 were also studied in order to determine cytotoxicity. The results showed that PIDP significantly inhibited the RANKL‐induced osteoclast formation in a dose‐dependent fashion without inducing cytotoxicity under the concentration of 12.5 μM. It exerted remarkable suppressive effects on the development of actin rings, the bone resorption, and the expressions of osteoclastogenesis‐related gene and protein markers. The down‐regulation of c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), protein kinase B (Akt), and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa‐B (IκB) phosphorylation in the early signaling event and subsequent inhibition of the expression of c‐Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc1) might be involved in these effects. All these results indicated that PIDP might be a promising drug to treat bone‐related disorders.
Asian‐specific vertical cup‐to‐disc ratio cut‐off for glaucoma screening: An evidence‐based recommendation from a multi‐ethnic Asian population
Authors: Soh Zhi Da , Chee Miao Li , Thakur Sahil , Tham Yih Chung , Tao Yijin , Lim Zhi Wei , Mani Baskaran , Wong Tina T. , Aung Tin , Cheng Ching‐Yu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractImportanceEvidence‐based guidelines are essential for glaucoma screening to work effectively.BackgroundTo derive a vertical cup‐to‐disc ratio (VCDR) cut‐off for glaucoma screening in a multi‐ethnic Asian population.DesignThe Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases (SEED) study is a population‐based study conducted from 2004 to 2011 in a single tertiary care research institute.ParticipantsSEED comprised of 10 033 Chinese, Malay and Indian adults aged ≥40 (response rate 75.6%). After excluding participants with a history of glaucoma medication or surgery, 9673 participants were included for analysis.MethodsA systematic eye examination, which included applanation tonometry, visual field testing, gonioscopy and dilated fundus examination was conducted.Main Outcome MeasureDiagnosis of glaucoma.ResultsThe distribution of VCDR and VCDR asymmetry were relatively homogenous in this multi‐ethnic Asian population, with a 97.5th percentile value of 0.67 and 0.17, respectively. In the absence of more definite signs of glaucoma, VCDR ≥0.60 and VCDR asymmetry ≥0.20 provided the best balance between sensitivity (95.1%) and specificity (90.9%) in detecting glaucoma. For larger optic disc (≥2.0 mm), VCDR ≥0.65 with VCDR asymmetry ≥0.20 provided the best balance between sensitivity (84.8%) and specificity (93.2%).Conclusion and relevanceOverall, VCDR ≥0.60 with VCDR ≥0.20 asymmetry provides a good balance between sensitivity and specificity in detecting glaucoma. For larger optic disc, VCDR ≥0.65 should be considered instead to mitigate against false‐referrals due to larger physiological disc cupping. Our findings may act as a reference to populations with similar VCDR distribution.
Surgiflo®may have a potential impact on the healing process in cricotracheal resection anastomosis
Authors: El‐Fattah Ahmed Musaad Abd , Ebada Hisham Atef , Tawfik Ali 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the role of thrombin‐based haemostatic agent Surgiflo®(Ethicon) in improving the outcome of cricotracheal resection anastomosis.DesignRandomised controlled clinical trial.SettingOtorhinolaryngology Department, Mansoura University Hospitals, Egypt.ParticipantsThis study included 55 patients with grade III and IV subglottic and/or cervical tracheal stenosis, who underwent cricotracheal resection anastomosis. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups: Surgiflo group (n = 20) and control group (n = 35). In Surgiflo patients, Surgiflo®was applied at the end of surgery over the whole operative field including the line of airway anastomosis with the purpose of adequate haemostasis and enhancing healing of the anastomosis.Main outcome measuresThe success rate and the incidence of complications in both groups were compared.ResultsAt the end of treatment, decannulation rate was 95% (19/20) in the Surgiflo groups and 82.8% (29/35) in the control group. The overall incidence of complications was significantly lower in the Surgiflo group (P = .021). Need for further surgical airway interventions in the form of repeated dilatation, granulation tissue removal or performing a tracheotomy was reported in 22.9% (8/35) of control group patients, in comparison with 5% (1/20) in Surgiflo group.ConclusionDirect Surgiflo®application in the operative field enhances the anastomotic healing, decreases the incidence of anastomotic complications and subsequently improves the outcome. It can be recommended as an adjuvant to surgery in patients undergoing cricotracheal resection anastomosis.
Invasion costs, impacts, and human agency: response to Sagoff 2020
Authors: Cuthbert Ross N. , Bacher Sven , Blackburn Tim M. , Briski Elizabeta , Diagne Christophe , Dick Jaimie T. A. , Essl Franz , Genovesi Piero , Haubrock Phillip J. , Latombe Guillaume , Lenzner Bernd , Meinard Yves , Pauchard Aníbal , Pyšek Petr , Ricciardi Anthony , Richardson David M. , Russell James C. , Simberloff Daniel , Courchamp Franck 
Published: July 2020

AbstractArticle impact statement: In an era of profound biodiversity crisis, invasion costs, invader impacts, and human agency should not be dismissed.