bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Among Secondary School Students During COVID-19 Lockdown and Social Distancing and Its Associated Factors: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Pungpapong Gunn , Kalayasiri Rasmon 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Stressors introduced to adolescents by COVID-19 social distancing measures may cause mental health problems to (re)surface. We studied depression, anxiety and stress among adolescents experiencing lockdown. Methods: From May-June 2020, secondary school students were enrolled in an online cross-sectional survey through social media. We assessed presence and severity of depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7) and stress (PSS-10) in the last month, demographics, degree of social distancing, and other associated issues.Results: Of 392 respondents (56.4% male, 43.1% female), mostly from Thailand (59.2%) and UK (26.5%). We identified depressive symptoms in 58.7%, anxiety in 40.3% and high levels of stress in 9.7%. We found, by multivariate analysis, significant associations between being female and depression and anxiety, being in late secondary school years and depression, and changes in patterns of substance use and anxiety and stress.Conclusions: We propose that girl-centred mental health support platforms should be readily available and tailored to fit specific countries’ contexts. Schools must closely monitor and act upon any concerns which arise from their students and must also monitor mental health wellbeing as changes in academic routine due to COVID-19 could be drastic for some. Harm reduction services must adapt and utilise innovative telemedicine interventions, tailored towards adolescent users.
Moonlighting Role of PEDF in Breast Cancer
Authors: Gil-Gas Carmen , Sánchez-Díez Marta , Honrubia-Gómez Paloma , Sánchez-Sánchez Jose Luis , Alvarez-Simón Carmen Belen , Sabater Sebastia , Sánchez Francisco Sánchez , Castillejo Maria del Carmen Ramírez 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among females in developed countries. Although the implementation of screening tests and the development of new therapies has increased the probability of remission, relapse rates still remain high. Numerous studies have indicated the connection between cancer initiating cells and slow cellular cycle cells, identified by their capacity to retain long labelling (LT+). Methods: We have designed a transgenic protein consisting in the C-terminal part of this protein, which acts by blocking endogenous PEDF in culture cell assays. Present work is based in doses-response in vitro assays as well as flow cytometry analysis of surface markers and cell cycle kinetic study of the tumour initiating cells.Results: In this study we show that this type of cells is present not only in cancer cell lines but also in cancer cells from patients with metastatic and advanced stage tumours. We also present new assays showing how stem cell self-renewal modulating proteins, such as PEDF, can modify the properties, expression of markers, and carcinogenicity of cancer stem cells. This protein has been involved in self-renewal in adult stem cells and has been described as anti-tumoral because of its anti-angiogenic effect. However, we show that PEDF enhances resistance in breast cancer patient cells in vitro culture by favoring a slow cellular cycle population (LT+). The PEDF signalling pathway could be a useful tool for controlling cancer stem cells self-renewal, and therefore control patient relapse. Conclusions: We demonstrate that it is possible to interfere with the self-renewal capacity of cancer stem cells, induce anoikis in vivo, and reduce resistance against Docetaxel treatment in cancer patient cells in vitro culture. We have also demonstrated that this PEDF modified protein produces a significant decrease in cancer stem cell markers. All these properties make this protein a potential application in clinical cancer therapies via co-administration with chemotherapy for relapse cancer treatment.
Impacts of Climate Variability on Pastoralists and Their Adaptation/Coping Strategies in Fentale District of Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Mekuyie Muluken , Mulu Desta 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Recently, more emphasis has been given to preparing and adapting communities to the adverse impacts of climate change than mitigating its risks. The present study was conducted in Fentale district, Central Ethiopia to determine the perceived adverse impacts of climate change and variability, the perception of pastoral households on the patterns of climate change and variability, and identify the adaptation /coping strategies of pastoralists to climate change impacts. A household questionnaire survey and focus group discussion were employed to collect primary data at a household level. A total of 130 pastoral households were sampled using random sampling. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The findings revealed that the perception of pastoral households on rainfall and temperature patterns was in line with the results of the recorded meteorological data analysis of the present study except the Kiremt rainfall and the long-term annual rainfall trends. The results indicated that pasture and water availability became scarce and livestock assets and productivity were highly reduced, due to adverse impacts of climate change and variability. The most important strategies deployed by the local people included (i) integrating livestock with crop production, (ii) livestock mobility, (iii) livestock diversification and herd composition change, (iv) decreased consumption, (v) remittance, (vi) cash for work and (vii) food aid. Conclusion: Therefore, the decision-makers should support and enhance household’s indigenous adaptation strategies through the provision of market access, early warning information, affordable credit access, and development of water points.
WITHDRAWN: Effect of Below-Knee Compression Garments on Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS): A Randomized Controlled Laboratory Study With Multi-Parametric Analysis
Authors: Hotfiel Thilo , Höger Svenja , Nagel Armin M. , Uder Michael , Kemmler Wolfgang , Forst Raimund , Engelhardt Martin , Grim Casper , Heiss Rafael 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The impact of compression on overexertion-related muscle injuries such as delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a subject of controversy. Identifying the mechanisms, optimal conditions, and application settings under which compression therapy may alter muscle metabolism and improve recovery is crucial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of wearing below-knee compression garments during exercise and a post-exercise period of 6 hours on clinical, functional, and morphological outcomes in DOMS in the lower limb.Methods: Eighteen healthy volunteers (age: 24.1 ±3.6 years, BMI 22.7 ± 2.7 kg/m2) were enrolled in this controlled laboratory study. Repeated measures were aquired at baseline (T0), 6 h (T1), and 48 h (T2) after a standardized eccentric and plyometric exercise protocol, with the participants wearing a compression garment (21-22 mmHg) on a randomly selected calf during and for the first 6 h after exercise. Magnet resonance imaging (MRI) was performed using a 3T scanner for quantification of intramuscular edema (T2 signal intensity (SI), T2 time, and manual volume segmentation); jump height, calf circumference, ankle dorsiflexion (DF), creatine kinase (CK) levels, and muscle soreness were assessed for clinical and functional evaluation. Results: DOMS was confirmed in all participants after 48 h, with a significant increase in muscle soreness (p < 0.001) and CK levels (p = 0.001), decrease in jump height (p < 0.01), and the presence of intramuscular edema (p < 0.01) in both the compressed and non-compressed limbs. No differences between the compressed and non-compressed limbs were observed for muscle soreness and jump height at any point in time. Similarly, MRI T2 SI, T2 time, soreness, and manual segmentation revealed no significant effect of the compression treatment. The assessment of calf circumference and DF showed no statistically significant changes at any point of time in either the compression or non-compression limb (p = 1.0). Conclusions: The continuous application of below-knee compression garments during combined eccentric and plyometric exercise and until 6 h post-exercise has no significant effect on clinical signs of DOMS, jump performance, or the development of intramuscular edema observed in MRI.
Relevance of Bell Inequalities For Interpreting EPR-Bohm Experiments
Authors: Scarzafava Eugene 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The various Bell Inequalities used to interpret the results of EPR-Bohm experiments are shown to be inappropriate for such experiments. The inequalities do not allow for correlation between the particles, which is the basis for such experiments, and therefore are irrelevant. Claims that the results of such experiments, because they violate the inequalities, require the conclusion that the measurement of one particle in an "entangled" pair can instantly affect the state of its partner, even at great distances, are untrue and need to be modified.
Construction and Preservation of a Stable and Highly Expressed Recombinant Helicobacter pylori Vacuolating Cytotoxin A with Apoptotic Activity
Authors: Yuan Ling-Zhi , Shi Xiao , Tang Dan , Zheng Shao-Peng , Xiao Zhi-Ming , Wang Fen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: VacA is the only exocrine toxin of H. pylori, which plays a very important role in the customization of H. pylori in the gastric mucosa, contributing to the pathogenesis of gastritis-cancer. Studies about vacA structure and function was hindered by the lack of efficient production system. In this study, we developed methodology for expression, purification and stable storage of a functionally active vacA toxin in E.coli.Results: A 2502-bp fragment and vacA gene were identified. An 89.7-kDa VacA34-854 recombinant protein was expressed and purified from the recombinant engineering bacteria and was preserved stably in 50 mM acetic acid buffer (pH 2.9). The amount of the recombinant protein was larger in the inclusion bodies than in the supernatant. In addition, after a 24-h culture with VacA recombinant protein, GES-1 cells demonstrated evidence of apoptosis including early nuclear immobilization and clustering under inverted microscope and TEM. It was found that VacA recombinant protein induced apoptosis by TUNEL assay.Conclusions: A VacA recombinant protein that is stably and highly expressed and possesses pro-apoptotic activity is successfully constructed. The protein is stably preserved in 50 mM acetic acid buffer (pH 2.9).
Purification and characterization of a surfactin-like biosurfactant produced by Bacillus velezensis KLP2016 and its application towards engine oil degradation
Authors: Meena Khem Raj , Dhiman Rajni , Singh Kailash , Kumar Sachin , Sharma Abhishek , Kanwar Shamsher S. , Mondal Rittick , Das Sandip , Franco Octavio L. , Mandal Amit Kumar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Engine oil used in automobiles is a threat to soil and water due to recalcitrant properties of its hydrocarbons. It pollute surrounding environment which affect both flora and fauna of earth. Microbes are able to degrade hydrocarbons containing engine oil to utilize as a substrate for their growth. Our results demonstrated that Bacillus velezensis KLP2016 (Gram +ve, endospore forming; Accession number KY214239) cell-free broth recorded an emulsification index (E 24 %) from 52.3% to 65.7% against different organic solvents, such as benzene, pentane, cyclohexane, xylene, n -hexane, toluene and engine oil. The surface tension of the cell-free broth of B. velezensis grown in Luria Bertani broth at 35°C decreased from 55 to 40 mN.m -1 at critical micelle concentration 17.2 µg/mL. The active biosurfactant molecule of cell-free broth of Bacillus velezensis KLP2016 was purified by Dietheylaminoethyl-cellulose and size exclusion chromatography, followed by HPLC (RT=1.130), UV-vis spectrophotometry (210 nm) and thin layer chromatography (R f =0.90). Purified biosurfactant molecular weight was found ~1.0 kDa, on the basis of Electron Spray Ionization-MS. A concentration of 1980×10 -2 parts per million of CO 2 was trapped in a KOH solution after 15 days incubating the bacterium in Luria Bertani broth containing engine oil (1%). Results suggests that bacterium Bacillus velezensis KLP2016 may be a promising solution to the engine oil pollution problem with achieving a bioactive biosurfactant molecule for further eco-friendly application(s).
Efficacy and Prognosis of Chemoradiotherapy for 501 Patients With Postoperative Recurrence of Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Kong Yan , Gao Hongmei , Li Youmei , Li Shuguang , Yan Ke , Zhu Shuchai , Shen WenBin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: To analyze the efficacy and prognosis of chemoradiotherapy for patients with recurrence of esophageal cancer. Method: A single center study was conducted in 501 patients with recurrent esophageal cancer who received chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Univariate or multivariate analysis was performed to assess the survival, recurrence pattern, prognosis of retreatment and influencing factors. Result: The median time to recurrence of esophageal cancer was 11.6 months (range: 0.3-87.4 months), while the median survival time of chemoradiotherapy after recurrence was 12.1 months. Multivariate analysis identified gender, pN stage, log odds of positive lymph nodes (lodds) value, chemotherapy cycle, recurrence time, and combined distant metastasis as independent prognostic factors (P=0.002, 0.035, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.001). In this study, 157 patients had combined combined distant metastasis, and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of these patients after radiotherapy were 43.3%, 9.1%, and 5.5%, respectively. On the contrary, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of patients with local regional recurrence (LRR) only were 53.6, 22.6%, and 16.4%, respectively. Statistically, the differences in the survival rates were significant between the above two groups of patients (B=10.786, P=0.001). Meanwhile, we identified recurrence time, chemotherapy cycle, and prescribed dose as the significant factors affecting the prognosis among 344 patients with postoperative LRR only (a=22.605, 13.957, 10.446; P=0.000, 0.000, 0.005). Conclusion: This study showed that chemoradiotherapy is safe and effective in patients with recurrent esophageal cancer, while male patients with late pN stage, high lodds, chemotherapy of ≤ 2 cycles, recurrence time of ≤ 24 months, or combined distant metastasis had a poor prognosis.
Successful Laparoscopy-assisted Repair of a Rectovaginal Fistula after Low Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Ohta Hiroyuki , Hashimoto Kyozo , Mizukuro Tomoyuki , An Byonggu , Zen Yumi , Kojima Masatsugu , Ueki Tomoyuki , Miyake Toru , Nishina Yusuke , Terada Yoshitaka , Kitamura Naomi , Akabori Hiroya , Fujino Mitsuhiro , Shimizu Tomoharu , Tani Masaji , Mekata Eiji 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: A rectovaginal fistula (RVF) after low anterior resection for rectal cancer is troublesome and refractory. Although various surgical procedures have been previously described, no definitive procedure has shown satisfactory outcomes. We present two consecutive Japanese patients who underwent successful surgery for a RVF after low anterior resection. Case presentation: The patients were a 61-year-old woman and a 64-year-old woman. They were admitted to our hospital with a chief complaint of fecal discharge from the vagina after low anterior resection using the double-stapling technique for rectal cancer. They were diagnosed with RVF. Local surgical procedures, including diverting ileostomy, were unsuccessful in previous hospitals. Therefore, we performed laparoscopy-assisted repair of the RVF. In both the patients, laparoscopically robust pelvic adhesions were dissected, and the sigmoid colon was transected just before the RVF. Thereafter, in combination with a perineal approach, the rectum along with a previous anastomosis and fistula were completely removed. Surgeries were completed after vaginal repair, redo coloanal anastomosis, and interposition of the dissected connective tissue. In both the patients, the postoperative courses were uneventful. They have complained of neither recurrence of any RVF nor fecal incontinence 1 year and 10 months respectively after diverting stoma closure.Conclusions: A laparoscopy-assisted procedure with reanastomosis and interposition of the perineal connective tissue can be an effective treatment for an RVF after low anterior resection for rectal cancer.
Trends in the Incidence and Mortality of Colorectal Cancer in a Brazilian City
Authors: Moura Alex Rodrigues , Marques Adriane Dorea , Dantas Mylena Santos , Brito Érika Abreu Costa , Souza Mariana Rosário , Lima Marcela Sampaio , Siqueira Hianga Fayssa Fernandes , Silva Angela Maria da , Lisboa Ana Carolina Ribeiro , Nunes Marco Antonio Prado , Santos Marceli de Oliveira , Lima Carlos Anselmo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives: This study was conducted to analyse the trends in the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the city of Aracaju, Sergipe State, Brazil, between 1996 and 2015 through statistical analysis using the Joinpoint Regression Program 4.7.0.0. and to identify its geographical distribution in the municipality. Results: A total of 1,322 cases and 467 deaths of CRC over the study period were included. Men´s incident cases comprised 40% of the sample, and women´s 60%. The death cases were 43% for men and 57% for women. Among the 20 – 44 year age group, for males, there was a highest significant growth trend. For women, the growth trend, with the Annual Percent Change (APC) observed, was the 45 and 64 years age group. Regarding mortality both genders, trends were stable. Regarding geographic distribution, there was a constancy of hotpoints in the northeast region of the municipality. This study showed the increasing in incidence mainly the young men between 20 to 44 years, with significantly statistical, but with mortality stability in Aracaju.
Preliminary Morphological Study and Food Uptake Experiment for Transmission of Gregarine Infection from Infected Bivalves, Anadara cornea (Reeve, 1844) to the Mud Crab Genus Scylla as an Intermediate Host.
Authors: Zakariah Mohd Ihwan , Daud Hassan Mohd , Hassan Marina , Sharma Reuben Kumar Sunil , Abdullah Mhd. IKhwanuddin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: Research about gregarine become important due to the problem reported by this parasite especially in commercial bivalve i.e. Oyster. Diagnose of these parasites are important to secure the aquaculture industry in the future. Due to the advanced technologies nowadays, this research regarding to these parasites are become relevant to be study. The objective of this study is to determine the occurrence of gregarine parasites in wild mud crab and the food uptake transmission of gregarine infection from infected bivalves, Anadara cornea (Reeve, 1844) to the mud crab genus Scylla. Result: Preliminary study show that high prevalence of infection was reported in the Hairy Cockle (Anadara cornea) from Setiu Lagoon, Malaysia. From the analysis, the infection intensity was high and each phagocyte (Pha) contain maximum of 15 oocyst (Oc). Each oocyst has a single cell wall, longitudinal shape and contained sporozoite (Sz). Parasitophorous Vacuole (Pv) cover by membrane wall. There is no transmission of parasites reported in this experiment.
An Intelligent Prenatal Screening System for the Prediction of Trisomy-21
Authors: Jamshidnezhad Amir , Hosseini Seyed Mohsen , Mohammadi-Asl Javad , Mahmoudi Mandana 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: Early and accurate diagnosis of genetic diseases such as Down syndrome can lead to correct action and prevent irreversible events. Therefore, the use of accurate and low-risk diagnostic methods to detect these diseases in the fetal period is important. In this study, a combined artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA) was used to predict Down syndrome through first trimester screening test. In order to examine the proposed model, sample data were collected on 381 pregnant women who referred to a private screening reference laboratory for the first trimester screening test and NT ultrasound between 11 and 13 weeks of gestation. The proposed model in this study was a feedforward neural which its structure and input parameters were determined by (GA).Results: The average of 10 times experiments showed that the developed model can accurately identify cases of Down syndrome with specificity of 99.72% and sensitivity of 90.91%, and a mean square error (MSE) of 0.61%. The results of this study showed that the use of GA in optimizing the structure of the neural network technique can increase the accuracy in diagnosing Down syndrome through the information of first trimester screening tests.
Characteristics of Registered Systematic Reviews on Treatment for COVID-19 in Prospero Platform
Authors: Zhang Ruinian , Gao Ya , Xie Dairong , Lian Rongna , Tian Jinhui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Characteristics and research collaboration of registered systematic reviews (SRs) on treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze research collaboration, interventions, and outcome measures in registered SRs of treatment associated with COVID-19 and point out the problem.Methods: PROSPERO was searched for SRs of treatment related to COVID-19 as of June 2, 2020. Excel 2016 was used for descriptive statistical analysis of the extracted information. VOSviewer 1.6.14 software was used to generate network maps for collaborations between countries and institutions.Results: A total of 189 SRs were included, which were registered by 301 institutions from 39 countries. China (69, 36.50%) was the country with the highest output. Cooperation between countries was not close enough. Chengdu university of traditional Chinese medicine (7, 3.70%) was the institutions with the highest output. There is close cooperation between institutions. Interventions included antiviral therapy (81, 42.86%), respiratory support (16, 8.47%), circulation support (11, 5.82%), plasma therapy for convalescent patients (11, 5.82%), immunotherapy (9, 4.76%), TCM Treatment (9, 4.76%), rehabilitation treatment (5, 2.65%), anti-inflammatory treatment (16, 8.47%), and other treatments (31, 16.40%). In antiviral therapy (81, 42.86%), the most commonly used drugs were chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine (26, 13.76%), followed by remdesivir (12, 6.35%), lobinavir/ritonavir(11, 5.82%), favipiravir (5, 2.65%), ribavirin (5, 2.65%), interferon (5, 2.65%), abiron (4, 2.12%), abidor (4, 2.12%), but the description was brief, and no specific implementation plan was provided. The most frequently used primary outcome was mortality rate (92, 48.68%), and the most frequently used secondary outcome was length of hospital stay (48, 25.40%). The expression of the outcomes was not standardized.Conclusions: Many COVID-19 SRs of treatment have been registered, but the completion rate was low. Although there were some collaborations between countries and institutions of the current registered SRs of treatment related to COVID-19 on PROSPERO, cooperation between countries should be further strengthened. More attention should be paid to the deficiency of interventions and outcome measures, and the standardization of results should be strengthened.