bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spidroin profiling of cribellate spiders provides insight into the evolution of spider prey capture strategies
Authors: Kono Nobuaki , Nakamura Hiroyuki , Mori Masaru , Tomita Masaru , Arakawa Kazuharu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOrb-weaving spiders have two main methods of prey capture: cribellate spiders use dry, sticky capture threads, and ecribellate spiders use viscid glue droplets. Predation behaviour is a major evolutionary driving force, and it is important on spider phylogeny whether the cribellate and ecribellate spiders each evolved the orb architecture independently or both strategies were derived from an ancient orb web. These hypotheses have been discussed based on behavioural and morphological characteristics, with little discussion on this subject from the perspective of molecular materials of orb web, since there is little information about cribellate spider-associated spidroin genes. Here, we present in detail a spidroin catalogue of six uloborid species of cribellate orb-weaving spiders, including cribellate and pseudoflagelliform spidroins, with transcriptome assembly complemented with long read sequencing, where silk composition is confirmed by proteomics. Comparative analysis across families (Araneidae and Uloboridae) shows that the gene architecture, repetitive domains, and amino acid frequencies of the orb web constituting silk proteins are similar among orb-weaving spiders regardless of the prey capture strategy. Notably, the fact that there is a difference only in the prey capture thread proteins strongly supports the monophyletic origin of the orb web.
Vitreous levels of interleukin-35 as a prognostic factor in B-cell vitreoretinal lymphoma
Authors: Takeda Atsunobu , Hasegawa Eiichi , Nakao Shintaro , Ishikawa Keijiro , Murakami Yusuke , Hisatomi Toshio , Arima Mitsuru , Yawata Nobuyo , Oda Yoshinao , Kimura Kazuhiro , Yoshikawa Hiroshi , Sonoda Koh-Hei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractVitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) is a rare disease of B-cell origin with poor prognosis. Regulatory cytokines promote tumor development by suppressing antitumor immunity in several cancer types, including B-cell malignancies. To identify the regulatory cytokines associated with poor prognosis in patients with B-cell VRL, we determined the regulatory cytokines profiles in the vitreous humor of patients with VRL. This retrospective study included 22 patients with VRL, 24 with non-infectious uveitis (NIU), and 20 with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (control). Vitreous concentrations of regulatory cytokines were assessed using a cytometric beads assay and association with clinical data was examined. IL-35 and soluble IL-2 receptor α levels were significantly higher in patients with VRL and NIU than those in the control group. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates for the group with high intravitreal IL-35 was significantly poorer than those for the group with low intravitreal IL-35, who were diagnosed with VRL at the onset (P = 0.024, log-rank test). The 5-year OS rates with intravitreal IL-35 levels above and below the median were 40.0% and 83.3%, respectively. Our results suggest that high intravitreal IL-35 levels indicate poor prognosis for patients diagnosed with B-cell VRL at the onset.
The Gaia-ESO survey: 3D NLTE abundances in the open cluster NGC 2420 suggest atomic diffusion and turbulent mixing are at the origin of chemical abundance variations
Authors: Semenova Ekaterina , Bergemann Maria , Deal Morgan , Serenelli Aldo , Hansen Camilla Juul , Gallagher Andrew J. , Bayo Amelia , Bensby Thomas , Bragaglia Angela , Carraro Giovanni , Morbidelli Lorenzo , Pancino Elena , Smiljanic Rodolfo 
Published: September 2020

Context. Atomic diffusion and mixing processes in stellar interiors influence the structure and the surface composition of stars. Some of these processes cannot yet be modelled from the first principles, and they require calibrations. This limits their applicability in stellar models used for studies of stellar populations and Galactic evolution.
Aims. Our main goal is to put constraints on the stellar structure and evolution models using new refined measurements of the chemical composition in stars of a Galactic open cluster.
Methods. We used medium-resolution, 19 200 ≤ R ≤ 21 500, optical spectra of stars in the open cluster NGC 2420 obtained within the Gaia-ESO survey. The sample covers all evolutionary stages from the main sequence to the red giant branch. Stellar parameters were derived using a combined Bayesian analysis of spectra, 2MASS photometry, and astrometric data from Gaia DR2. The abundances of Mg, Ca, Fe, and Li were determined from non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) synthetic spectra, which were computed using one-dimensional (1D) and averaged three-dimensional (3D) model atmospheres. We compare our results with a grid of Code d’Evolution Stellaire Adaptatif et Modulaire (CESTAM) stellar evolution models, which include atomic diffusion, turbulent, and rotational mixing.
Results. We find prominent evolutionary trends in the abundances of Fe, Ca, Mg, and Li with the mass of the stars in the cluster. Furthermore, Fe, Mg, and Ca show a depletion at the cluster turn-off, but the abundances gradually increase and flatten near the base of the red giant branch. The abundance trend for Li displays a signature of rotational mixing on the main sequence and abrupt depletion on the sub-giant branch, which is caused by advection of Li-poor material to the surface. The analysis of abundances combined with the CESTAM model predictions allows us to place limits on the parameter space of the models and to constrain the zone in the stellar interior, where turbulent mixing takes place.
Beliebigkeit und Verbindlichkeit der Teilnahme an
Balint-Gruppen
Authors: Herzog Philipp 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDas Gelingen einer Balint-Gruppensitzung hängt neben der
Leiterqualifikation und der Motivation der Teilnehmer von weiteren Faktoren
ab, die nicht innerhalb sondern außerhalb der Gruppe zu suchen sind.
Als Subsystem im Gesamtsystem des Gesundheitswesens mit seinen
administrativen Parametern ist die Balint-Gruppenarbeit eingebettet eine
Matrix von Bedingungen, mit denen der Gruppenleiter umso leichter umgehen
kann, je besser er sie kennt und gegenüber den Gruppenteilnehmern
tansparent macht. Der Autor hat diese Faktoren analysiert und daraus ein
formalisiertes Konzept in Form eines „Aufnahmebogens für
Balint-Gruppenteilnehmer“ entwickelt, das hier zur Diskussion
gestellt wird.
IL-17 regulates expression of cytokines in human osteoblasts rather than bone-specific genes
Authors: Drynda Andreas , Drynda Susanne , Lohmann Christoph H. , Bertrand Jessica , Kekow Jörn 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective The cytokine IL-17 plays a crucial role in the development and promoting of inflammatory rheumatic diseases, such as psoriasis arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. The influence of IL-17 on the osteoblast differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells has already been well studied. However, the effect of IL-17 on mature osteoblasts is not yet fully understood.
Methods In this study, the influence of IL-17 on the expression of osteogenic markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines was analyzed on mRNA and protein level in an osteoblast cell culture model.
Results Our data indicate that IL-17 alone has no significant influence on the expression of osteoblast-specific genes. However, a significant upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines at the transcriptional level by IL-17 was observed in primary osteoblasts. This effect on the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines was abolished completely by administration of a therapeutic anti-IL-17 antibody. Co-stimulation with TNF-α and IL-17 led to an upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which significantly exceeded the additive effect of both cytokines. In this co-stimulation, the anti-IL-17 antibody could not completely reverse the IL-17 effect. The same IL-17 and TNF-α effect was observed in osteoblast-like cells (MG63), whereas IL-17 alone did not induce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Conclusion The upregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8 in primary osteoblasts by IL-17 indicates an indirect regulatory effect on osteoclastogenesis and activation of bone resorption. The therapeutic IL-17 antibody reduced the IL-17 induced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines by osteoblasts and this, in turn, could also reduce the effect on osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Our study underlines the important role of osteoblasts as major players in the osteoimmunologic network.
Ein seltener Fall eines renalen ektopen Schilddrüsengewebes
Authors: Kajaia David , Hager Benjamin , Kliebisch Stefan , Weingärtner Karl , Seitz Gerhard , von Streitberg Ulrich , Seggewiß-Bernhardt Ruth , Zugor Vahudin 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungNach einer roboterassistierten rechtsseitigen Nephrektomie einer tumortragenden Niere wird ektopes Schilddrüsengewebe an der Niere nachgewiesen. Dies ist extrem selten in der Literatur beschrieben. Ektopes Schilddrüsengewebe ist selten und tritt meist im Halsbereich und im oberen Mediastinum auf. Die klinischen Symptome sind von Größe, Lokalisation und hormoneller Funktion des ektopen Gewebes abhängig. Therapie der Wahl bleibt die operative Entfernung des ektopen Gewebes, in vereinzelten Fällen bleibt auch eine konservative Therapie als Option. Dieser Artikel soll dazu dienen, bei renalen unklaren Raumforderungen differentialdiagnostisch auch an paraneoplastisches oder ektopes Gewebe aus anderen Organen zu denken.
Fetal Hemodynamic Response to Maternal Oxygenation in Normal and Complicated Pregnancies
Authors: deng Yan , jin Ying , Xu Ran , Zeng Shi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMaternal oxygenation (MO) is widely applied in obstetrics. Scholars have conducted numerous studies on maternal hyperoxygenation and have reported many theoretical and applied achievements and a number of different points of view. The main purpose of this article is to discuss the effect of maternal oxygenation on fetal circulation during normal and complicated pregnancies and to ascertain its potential side effects and research gaps in this field. In complicated pregnancies, the fetus may benefit from oxygen therapy. However, large randomized controlled trials and longitudinal studies are necessary to support the widespread application of maternal oxygenation in this context.
Effect of Whole-body Vibration Combined with Task Oriented Training on Muscle Strength, Balance, and Gait in Stroke Patients with Hemiplegia: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Choi Kwang-Yong , Kim Jung-Hee , Lee ByoungHee 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe current study aimed to evaluate the effects of whole-body vibration combined with task-oriented training on muscle strength, balance, and gait in stroke patients with hemiplegia. In total, 24 stroke patients were included in this study. All participants were randomly assigned to either the whole-body vibration combined with task-oriented training group (n=12) or the whole-body vibration group (n=12). The WBVMT group underwent training (8 sets) for 30 min a day, 5 times per week for 4 weeks. Meanwhile, the WBV group underwent training (8 sets) for 30 min a day, 5 times per week for 4 weeks. Both groups received standard rehabilitation physical therapy for 60 min a day, 5 times a week for 4 weeks. In all participants, the scores for the hip extensor (HE) and knee extensor (KE) muscle strength, Five Times Sit-to-Stand (FTSTS) Test, limit of stability (LOS), Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT), and 6-Min Walk Test (6MWT) were evaluated before and after the intervention. The WBVMT and WBV groups had a significant increase in the scores for HE and KE strength, FTSTS test, LOS, TUG test, BBS, 10MWT, and 6MWT (p<0.05). In particular, the WBVMT group had a significantly greater improvement than the WBV group in terms of KE muscle strength and TUG test, BBS, 10MWT, and 6MWT scores (p<0.05). WBVMT improved muscle strength, balance, and gait in stroke patients with hemiplegia.
Frequency Modulation System and Bone Conduction Hearing Aid: Electroacoustic Verification
Authors: Paccola Elaine Cristina Moreto , Costa Filho Orozimbo Alves , Jacob Regina Tangerino Souza 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction A protocol has not yet been developed to perform electroacoustic measurements and behavioral tests to fit the frequency modulation (FM) system in bone conduction hearing aid (BCHA) users. Electroacoustic verification, with “FM transparency” achieved, ensures user audibility of FM transmitter and hearing aid signals.
Objective To propose and validate a protocol for electroacoustic verification of the FM system coupled to the BCHA.
Method Twenty-four sets of FM system and BCHA were submitted to electroacoustic verification, using a receiver and a plastic adapter to connect the BCHA to a 2cc coupler in the hearing instrument analyzer. The measurements were performed in the acoustic box, at 65 dB sound pressure level (SPL), with International Speech Test Signal (ISTS), first to the BCHA microphone and then to the FM system microphone, to determine the transparency, in which equivalent inputs for both microphones result in equivalent outputs. The FM gain or volume has been adjusted to try to gain transparency for the outputs of the two input devices.
Results Transparency was achieved for all sets evaluated, but in some combinations, adjustments to the FM receiver gain over the manufacturer's default setting were required.
Conclusion The proposed protocol proved to be effective for the electroacoustic verification of the FM system coupled to the BCHA.
Radiographic and Biomechanical Assessment of Three Implant Designs for Canine Cementless Total Hip Replacement
Authors: Worden Natalie J. , Ash Kristian J. , Ordway Nathaniel R. , Miller Mark A. , Mann Kenneth A. , VanDeventer Gretchen M. , Valenzano Dominick M. , Hart Robert , Kayano Mitsunori , Hayashi Kei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjective The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between radiographic fit/fill measurements and biomechanical performance of three canine cementless total hip implant designs using an in vitro biomechanical testing protocol that replicates compression and torsion.Study Design Eighteen (six/group) canine cadaveric femurs were implanted with one of three cementless total hip implant designs: (1) collarless, (2) collared or (3) lateral bolt stems. Femoral length, canal flare index (CFI), canal fill, stem fit, stem level and stem angle were measured as independent variables. Biomechanical performance was tested using physiological, non-destructive gait loading (loading protocols) and destructive testing (failure protocols).Results During loading protocols, compressive stiffness was influenced by stem level (p < 0.05) and torsional stiffness was influenced by stem level and CFI for collarless stems (p < 0.05). During failure protocols, peak load was influenced by mediolateral (ML) stem angle (p < 0.05) and CFI (p < 0.01) for collarless stems and CFI for lateral bolt stems (p < 0.05). Peak torque was influenced by ML stem angle, craniocaudal stem angle and CFI for collarless stems (p < 0.05) and average ML fill for collared stems (p < 0.05).Conclusion Biomechanical performance of collarless stems in cementless hip arthroplasty is more impacted by radiographic fit/fill than lateral bolt and collared stems. As a result, collarless stems may be more dependent on preoperative fit and intraoperative precision.
Hyperfibrinolysis in Patients with Solid Malignant Neoplasms: A Systematic Review
Authors: Winther-Larsen Anne , Sandfeld-Paulsen Birgitte , Hvas Anne-Mette 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSolid malignant neoplasms have the capability of disturbing the fibrinolytic system, leading to primary hyperfibrinolysis, a paraneoplastic syndrome that potentially results in severe bleeding. Yet, the full extent of primary hyperfibrinolysis in solid malignant neoplasms is unknown. Thus, the purpose of this study was to systematically review the current literature regarding clinical manifestations, biochemical diagnosis, and treatment of primary hyperfibrinolysis in patients with solid malignant neoplasms. The review was performed in agreement with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched on December 5, 2019, without time limits. Studies were included if they comprised at least one biochemical marker of fibrinolysis in addition to fibrinogen degradation products such as D-dimer, and furthermore included a correlation between biochemical marker and clinical outcome. In total, 12 studies were included. All studies were case reports including a total of 21 patients. Prostate cancer was the most frequently represented cancer type (76%), and the majority of cancer patients had metastatic disease (81%). Spontaneous bleeding was the clinical presentation in the majority of patients (76%), and the most frequently localization for the bleedings was subcutaneous. Antifibrinolytic agents were the most commonly used treatment and ceased bleedings in 80% of patients. Three patients died of uncontrolled bleedings. In conclusion, primary hyperfibrinolysis induced by solid malignant neoplasms is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition that should be considered, especially in patients with metastatic disease presenting with serious, spontaneous subcutaneous bleedings. A standardized diagnostic strategy is strongly needed.
Arrowhead Injury of Central Nervous System: Three Rare Cases from Rural India
Authors: Harsh Viraat , Alda Hemant , Singh Shashwat , Kumar Jayendra , Sahay Chandra B. , Kumar Anil 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA penetrating central nervous system (CNS) injury on account of an arrowhead is a rarity in the modern era. When managing such cases surgically, special care is taken to prevent injury to the neurovascular structures lying in the vicinity of the wound. Fired arrows are categorized as low-velocity missiles, but the size, shape and aerodynamic stability of the missile are also important factors in establishing the complexity of the wound. We present three such cases of penetrating injury of the CNS by fired arrows, two injuring the head and the third injuring the spinal cord. The arrowheads were successfully retrieved without any complications. Salient features to be taken care of while managing such patients have also been also discussed.
Gratification Disorder as an Early Marker of Rett Syndrome: Two Pediatric Case Reports
Authors: Singhapakdi Kanya , Maertens Paul 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGratification disorder (GD) is a form of stereotyped posturing with mechanical pressure applied to the genitalia without manual manipulation and is generally considered benign. Here, we describe two patients who exhibited GD. Both were later diagnosed with Rett syndrome via genetic sequencing. In both patients, GD preceded the onset of the hallmark hand stereotypies of Rett syndrome. We therefore conclude that GD is not as benign as previously assumed and in fact can be an early sign of Rett syndrome. Further studies are needed to evaluate the prevalence of GD in Rett girls with the MECP2 genotype.
Possible Protective Role of Melatonin in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Pathologies
Authors: Molina-Carballo Antonio , Jerez-Calero Antonio Emilio , Muñoz-Hoyos Antonio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMelatonin, produced in every cell that possesses mitochondria, acts as an endogenous free radical scavenger, and improves energetic metabolism and immune function, by complex molecular crosstalk with other intracellular compounds. There is greatly increasing evidence regarding beneficial effects of acute and chronic administration of high melatonin doses, in infectious, developmental, and degenerative pathologies, as an endothelial cell and every cell protectant.
Comparison of Ischemic Preconditioning and Systemic Piracetam for Prevention of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Musculocutaneous Flaps
Authors: Demiröz Anıl , Derebaşınlıoğlu Handan , Ercan Alp , Arslan Hakan , Aydın Övgü , Ekmekçi Hakan , Balcı Ekmekçi Özlem , Aydın Yağmur 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground Ischemia-reperfusion injury plays an important role in flap failure. Ischemic preconditioning technique is the only proven method for preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury, but it is not used widely in daily practice because of difficulties such as prolonging the operation time, need for surgical experience, and increasing the risk of complications. This study has been performed with the assumption that piracetam may be a simple and inexpensive alternative to the preconditioning technique due to its antioxidant, antiaggregant, rheological, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, cytoprotective, and immune modulating effects.Methods Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups and latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flaps were raised. No extra procedure was applied, and no treatment was given to the control group. Four hours of ischemia was created by clamping the thoracodorsal pedicle in the second group. The animals in the third group were treated with 10 minutes of ischemia and reperfusion periods as a preconditioning procedure before the 4 hours of ischemia. Animals in the fourth group received systemic piracetam 30 minutes before and 6 days after reperfusion. Nitric oxide and myeloperoxidase levels in serum and tissue, acute inflammatory cell response, and vascular proliferation in tissue were examined at the postoperative 24th hour and 10th day.Results Myeloperoxidase activity in both preconditioning and piracetam groups, was significantly lower than the ischemia-reperfusion group. Acute inflammatory cell response was similarly decreased in both preconditioning and piracetam groups compared with ischemia-reperfusion group. Tissue measurements of nitric oxide were also significantly higher in both preconditioning and piracetam groups than in the ischemia-reperfusion group. However, vascular proliferation increased in the preconditioning group, while it did not show any significant change in the piracetam group.Conclusion This study shows that systemic piracetam treatment provides protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in musculocutaneous flaps and can offer a simple and inexpensive alternative to the preconditioning technique.
An Overview of Digital Health in the Transition of Pediatric to Adult Epilepsy Care
Authors: Bernard-Willis Ysabeau , Oliveira Emily De , Lakhan Shaheen E 
Published: September 2020

AbstractChildren with epilepsy often have impairments in cognitive and behavioral functioning which may hinder socio-occupational well-being as they reach adulthood. Adolescents with epilepsy have the added worry of health problems while starting the transition from family-centered pediatric care into largely autonomous adult care. If this transition is not appropriately planned and resourced, it may result in medical mistrust, nonadherence, and worsening biopsychosocial health as an adult. In recent years, there has been increased availability of digital health solutions that may be used during this stark change in care and treating teams. The digital health landscape includes a wide variety of technologies meant to address challenges faced by patients, caregivers, medical professionals, and health care systems. These technologies include mobile health products and wearable devices (e.g., seizure monitors and trackers, smartphone passive data collection), digital therapeutics (e.g., cognitive/behavioral health management; digital speech–language therapy), telehealth services (e.g., teleneurology visits), and health information technology (e.g., electronic medical records with patient portals). Such digital health solutions may empower patients in their journey toward optimal brain health during the vulnerable period of pediatric to adult care transition. Further research is needed to validate and measure their impact on clinical outcomes, health economics, and quality of life.