bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of calibration approaches on the accuracy of oscillometric central aortic blood pressure measurement
Authors: Gotzmann Michael , Hogeweg Maximilian , Bauer Frederic , Seibert Felix S. , Rohn Benjamin J. , Mügge Andreas , Babel Nina , Westhoff Timm H. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Two fully automated oscillometric devices have become available for the noninvasive assessment of central aortic blood pressure (BP). They tend, however, to underestimate SBP. It has been proposed that calibration by mean/diastolic instead of systolic/diastolic brachial BP may reduce this bias. The present work compares the accuracy of these two calibrations in the Mobil-O-Graph.

Methods:
Post-hoc analysis of the largest validation study on noninvasive assessment of central BP so far. Data on both calibration approaches were available in 159 patients without atrial fibrillation, who underwent simultaneous invasive and noninvasive assessment of central BP. Noninvasive BP measurements were conducted using the SphygmoCor XCEL (calibration by systolic/diastolic brachial BP only) and the Mobil-O-Graph (calibration by both systolic/diastolic and mean/diastolic brachial BP).

Results:
Measurements of both devices and both calibration methods revealed highly significant correlations for systolic and diastolic central BP with invasively assessed BP (P < 0.001 each). Calibration by mean/diastolic and systolic/diastolic BP yielded similar correlations for central DBP (R
2 0.56 vs. R
2 0.55, P = 0.919). Correlation of central SBP, however, was significantly lower using calibration by mean/diastolic brachial BP (R
2 0.86 vs. R
2 0.74, P = 0.002). Numerically, the SphygmoCor device revealed the highest correlation (R
2 0.92 for central SBP and 0.72 for central DBP; P < 0.001 each). Calibration by systolic/diastolic brachial BP was associated with an underestimation of central SBP using both the SphygmoCor and the Mobil-O-Graph. Calibration by mean/diastolic brachial BP, instead, was associated with an overestimation, which was numerically comparable (4.8 ± 11.3 vs. −4.2 ± 8.0). The calibration method had little effects on the biases of diastolic measurements.

Conclusion:
Calibration by mean/diastolic instead of systolic/diastolic brachial BP led to an overestimation instead of underestimation of central SBP without improving accuracy. Hence, mean/diastolic calibration is not necessarily superior to systolic/diastolic calibration and the optimal approach has to be determined in a device-specific manner.
QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF CHORIOCAPILLARIS FLOW DEFICITS SURROUNDING CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULAR MEMBRANES
Authors: Alagorie Ahmed Roshdy , Verma Aditya , Nassisi Marco , Nittala Muneeswar , Velaga Swetha , Tiosano Liran , Sadda Srinivas R. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose:
To quantify the regional variation in choriocapillaris (CC) flow deficits percentage (FD%) surrounding treatment-naïve Type 1 choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with age-related macular degeneration.

Methods:
Patients were imaged with swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography system (Carl Zeiss PLEX Elite 9000; Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany). Two 6 × 6-mm volume scans were acquired. Boundary-specific segmentation was used to isolate the Type 1 CNV. For CC assessment, both structural and optical coherence tomography angiography CC slabs (10-µm thick, starting 21 µm below the retinal pigment epithelium fit reference) were exported for signal compensation and averaging using ImageJ. The resultant CC image was binarized to calculate the FD%, for para-CNV and peri-CNV rings (each 500-µm wide). In a subgroup of 20 eyes, the FD% was compared with similar regions of age-matched controls. The FD% was also analyzed in small 500 × 500-µm squares equidistant from the fovea to compensate for regional variation of CC FD% as a potential confounding factor.

Results:
Thirty-two eyes from 27 subjects were enrolled in this study. The CC FD% in the para-CNV ring was 26.58 ± 7.36, which was significantly higher than the peri-CNV ring (21.94 ± 6.31); P < 0.001. The FD% in para-CNV and peri-CNV rings was significantly greater than that of healthy controls (15.82 ± 1.29% and 15.53 ± 1.32%, respectively); P < 0.001. The FD% computed in the 500-µm squares equidistant from the fovea was also greater in the para-CNV ring (26.14 ± 7.11) than that in the peri-CNV ring (22.31 ± 6.21); P < 0.001.

Conclusion:
Choriocapillaris FD% is the highest in the region immediately surrounding the CNV.
Comparison and Correlation of Retinal Sensitivity Between Microperimetry and Standard Automated Perimetry in Low-tension Glaucoma
Authors: Tepelus Tudor C. , Song Sheena , Nittala Muneeswar G. , Nassisi Marco , Sadda SriniVas R. , Chopra Vikas 
Published: July 2020

Précis:Our study demonstrated that in low-tension glaucoma (LTG) patients, Microperimeter-3 (MP-3)-derived and Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA)-derived retinal sensitivities were similar and strongly correlated, allowing the respective data to be interrelated.Purpose:To compare and correlate retinal sensitivities obtained by Nidek MP-3 with those obtained from the HFA in eyes with LTG.Materials and Methods:In this prospective comparative study, 45 eyes of 24 LTG patients underwent retinal sensitivity assessments using the MP-3 (Nidek Technologies) and the HFA (Carl Zeiss Meditec) at the UCLA-Doheny Eye Center. Global and pointwise retinal sensitivity measurements were compared and correlated between the 2 devices.Results:No statistically significant differences (P=0.85) were noted between the mean retinal sensitivities determined by each device (MP-3: 26.33±4.31 dB; range, 13.05 to 31.60 vs. HFA: 26.42±3.98 dB; range, 17.17 to 30.96), and a strong correlation (r=0.66,P<0.001) was noted for retinal sensitivity measurements. In addition, moderate to strong correlations were observed between the mean retinal sensitivity derived by MP-3 versus HFA-derived mean deviation (r=0.57,P<0.001), as well as, the pattern standard deviation (r=0.67,P<0.001). The intraclass correlation coefficient was excellent (ICC=0.80, 95% confidence interval, 0.63-0.89), while the Bland-Altman analysis showed good agreement between the 2 devices with respect to retinal sensitivity.Conclusion:Retinal sensitivity measurements obtained by the MP-3 microperimetry instrument and the standard automated HFA perimeter were similar and highly correlated in patients with LTG. Given the potential benefits of microperimetry technology such as auto-eye-tracking and potentially more precise structure-function correlations, the use of microperimetry to monitor visual function in glaucoma management warrants further consideration.
Effect of manual, preloaded, and automated preloaded injectors on corneal incision architecture after IOL implantation
Authors: Cennamo Michela , Favuzza Eleonora , Salvatici Maria Cristina , Giuranno Gabriele , Buzzi Matilde , Mencucci Rita 
Published: July 2020

Purpose:
To analyze the effects on corneal morphology of manual, preloaded, and automated preloaded intraocular lens (IOL) injectors in eye bank human corneas by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and in patients after phacoemulsification using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Settings:
Eye Clinic, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.

Design:
Retrospective and experimental study.

Methods:
Seventy-eight corneal incisions were examined after IOL implantation: 30 in human corneas mounted on an artificial chamber using ESEM (ex vivo); 48 in patients undergoing phacoemulsification (in vivo). Three different injectors were used for both analyses: manual (Monarch III, n = 26), manual preloaded (UltraSert, n = 26), and automated preloaded system (AutonoMe, n = 26). Thirty IOLs were implanted in the ex vivo study: 5 intermediate and 5 high dioptric powers for AcrySof IQ (Monarch and UltraSert) and for Clareon (AutonoMe) IOLs. In the in vivo analysis, 16 corneal wounds for each injector were evaluated using AS-OCT; in the ex vivo study, incision width was measured and Descemet membrane detachment, posterior wound retraction, and posterior gape were analyzed.

Results:
In the eye bank corneas, the incision width was significantly wider in the high dioptric power IOL manual subgroup (P < .05), with more Descemet tearing compared with AutonoMe. In the in vivo study, the incidence of Descemet membrane detachment, posterior gape, and wound retraction was lower in the automated preloaded group at 1 postoperative day 1.

Conclusions:
The automated preloaded injector ensured less trauma to the wound and contributed to preserving the endothelial side of the incision even during the implantation of high-power IOLs and in the early postoperative period.
Musculoskeletal ultrasonography combined with electromyography in the diagnosis of massage-inducted lateral plantar nerve injury
Authors: Jiang Zhende , Zhang Hanyang , Yu Tong , Du Yanhui , Qian Zhihui , Chang Fei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
It is well known that foot massage is a very prevalent stress relief method in China. Literatures have reported various massage-inducted peripheral nerve injuries. However, massage-inducted lateral plantar nerve (LPN) injury is very rare. Here, we represent an unusual case of massage-inducted LPN damage, and we also report the diagnostic method of this patient using musculoskeletal ultrasonography combined with electromyography (EMG).

Patient concerns:
A 21-year-old woman presented symptoms of redness, swelling, pain and numbness in the medial right ankle joint for 2 days.

Diagnosis:
The results of musculoskeletal ultrasonography and EMG provide great help for doctors to make accurate diagnosis. The patient was eventually diagnosed with LPN injury.

Interventions:
No further foot massage was allowed. Vitamin B12 was taken orally for 2 months. Conservative therapy, including electrical stimulation therapy and infrared therapy, was conducted. Besides, active rehabilitation training was also performed.

Outcomes:
The discomfort symptoms were relieved significantly after 2 months conservative treatment. Clinical symptoms and EMG examination illustrated satisfactory result during follow up time.

Conclusion:
The report showed that the masseur should be very careful when doing foot massage to prevent nerve damage. Besides, musculoskeletal ultrasonography combined with EMG can provide important evidence for accurate and effective diagnosis of LPN injury.
Diagnostic significance of cytomegalovirus DNA quantitation in gastrointestinal biopsies: comparison with histopathological data and blood cytomegalovirus DNA
Authors: Alacam Sema , Karabulut Nuran , Bakir Ayfer , Onel Mustafa , Buyuk Melek , Gulluoglu Mine , Agacfidan Ali 
Published: July 2020

Objectives
This study aims to improve the diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease. It presents the results of a novel study in which CMV blood viral load (BVL), tissue viral load (TVL) determined by PCR and hematoxylin-eosin (HE)/immunohistochemistry (IHC) results of GI biopsies are examined comparatively.

Methods
CMV DNA was investigated by quantitative real-time PCR in blood and GI biopsy specimens of 76 patients suspected of CMV disease. Biopsies were also performed HE/IHC stainings in the pathology laboratory.

Results
This study included 76 patients whose median age was 34.5 years and 58% (44) were male. Tissue CMV PCR positivity was detected in the highest colon (40/53;75.5%) samples. HE, IHC, blood and tissue CMV PCR positivity rates of all samples were 15.8, 25, 50 and 71.1%, respectively. When IHC was used as the gold standard test for ROC analysis, the optimal cutoff values for the maximum sensitivity and specificity for BVL and TVL were 1.91 log10 copies/ml and 3.82 log10 copies/mg, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for the cutoff value of tissue CMV DNA were 78.9 and 74.3%, respectively (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
In this study, CMV DNA was detected in 71.1% of the tissue samples of the cases by PCR. Since the sensitivity of the histopathological examinations accepted as the gold standard is low, simultaneous with the histopathological examinations, determination of BVL, TVL and the identification of optimal cutoff values have been shown to support the diagnosis of GI CMV disease.
Hepatitis C and hepatitis C-related advanced liver disease hospitalisation trends before and after the Strategic Plan for Tackling Hepatitis C in the National Health System
Authors: Garrido-Estepa Macarena , Latasa Pello , Flores-Herrera Javier , García Comas Luis 
Published: July 2020

Introduction
This work evaluates the burden and trends of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-associated hospitalisations in Spain before and after the implementation of the Strategic Plan for Tackling Hepatitis C in the National Health System in 2015.

Methods
HCV-related hospitalisation discharges from 2005 to 2017 were obtained from the National Registry of Hospitalisations. A descriptive analysis of the hospitalisations was performed.

Results
From 2005 to 2017, there were 674 067 HCV-related hospitalisations: 1.2%, 29.9%, 63.9% and 5% of them due to acute, carriers, chronic and unspecified hepatitis C. Average age of the patients was 57.7 years (SD: 16.4), average hospital stay was 9.1 days (SD: 12.2) and intra-hospital case-fatality rate was 6.5%. Hospitalisation rates decreased notably (P < 0.05) in 2016–2017 compared to 2005–2015 for all [hospitalisation rate ratio (HRR): 0.77], males (HRR: 0.80), females (HRR: 0.74), chronic hepatitis C (HRR: 0.84), non-advanced liver disease (N-AdLD) (HRR: 0.80) and AdLD (HRR: 0.73). Acute HCV (HRR: 0.54) and carriers (HRR: 0.49) show decreases in 2016–2017 vs. 2005–2015, although their rates started to decrease in 2008/2009. Unspecified HCV hospitalisation rates increased (P < 0.05) in 2016–2017 (HRR: 2.02) vs. 2005–2015. From 2015 to 2017, cost per patient increased from 5981 euros to 6349 euros, but overall cost decreased, as hospitalisations rates decreased from 302 to 264 million euros.

Discussion
HCV-related hospitalisation rates decreased notably in 2016 and 2017 after the strategic plan for tackling hepatitis C was launched. Although cost per AdLD patient increased in 2016 and 2017, globally costs were reduced around 35 million euros per year.
Outcomes of loco-regional anaesthesia in ureteroscopy for stone disease: a systematic review
Authors: Schembri Matthew , Agarwal Vineet , Pietropaolo Amelia , Somani Bhaskar 
Published: July 2020

Purpose of review
Routine ureteroscopy (URS) for stone disease is performed under a general anaesthesia. However, controversy exists on the role of loco-regional anaesthesia and the outcomes associated with it. Here we review the challenges, outcomes and complications of loco-regional anaesthesia for URS. A Cochrane style review was performed in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines to evaluate the outcomes of loco-reginal anaesthesia for URS in stone disease, including all English language articles from January 1980 and December 2019.

Recent findings
Twenty-one studies (1843 procedures) with a mean age of 46 years and a male : female ratio of 1.2 : 1 underwent URS under loco-regional anaesthesia. The mean stone size was 9 mm (range:4–21 mm) and except five papers, all other papers included stones in the ureter of which the majority were in the distal ureter. The conversion to general anaesthesia was needed in 2.7% patients (range 1–21%) across studies, with a stone free rate of 48–100%. The complication rate varied from 1.4 to 36%. Although the intraoperative complications included ureteric injury (n = 21) or perforation (n = 4), the postoperative complications included fever (n = 37), urinary tract infection (n = 20), haematuria (n = 4), urosepsis (n = 4) and others (n = 7).

Summary
The present systematic review shows that local anaesthetic URS is a potential alternative to general anaesthetic URS in carefully selected patients. Randomised controlled trials with subgroup analysis are required to further assess whether loco-regional anaesthesia URS is noninferior to general anaesthesia URS and might help determine if the former approach should become more widespread.
Synergistic effect of Zataria multiflora and Lavandula stoechas essential oils on phenotype detection of efflux pump against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates
Authors: Agahi Parisa , Mahdavi-Ourtakand Masoumeh , Noorbakhsh Fatemeh 
Published: July 2020

Background:

Acinetobacter baumannii infections have become a major cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide and can rapidly develop resistance to antibiotics. There are various mechanisms for multidrug resistance in the A. baumannii and efflux pumps is the most important among those. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the synergistic effect of Zataria multiflora and Lavandula stoechas essential oils on phenotype detection of efflux pump against multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolates.

Methods:
A total of 55 A. baumannii strains were collected from clinical specimens and those with multidrug resistant (MDR) has been isolated by using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Z. multiflora and L. stoechas essential oils were extracted and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The minimum inhibitory concentration for antimicrobial activity of essential oils against MDR A. baumannii strains and fractional inhibitory concentration index was evaluated to determine their synergistic effect. The activity of efflux pumps of MDR strains was investigated by the ethidium bromide-agar cartwheel method and the inhibitory effect of essential oils on the efflux pumps activity was evaluated.

Results:
The results of this study showed that Z. multiflora and L. stoechas essential oils had additive antibacterial effects against MDR A. baumannii strains. The study of efflux pumps by cartwheel method showed that 10% of the strains had active efflux pump, after the effect of 1/2 minimum inhibitory concentration synergistic of Z. multiflora and L. stoechas essential oils, the activity of efflux pumps was inhibited.

Conclusion:
The combination of Z. multiflora and L. stoechas essential oils against MDR A. baumannii strains were additive antibacterial effects. It was also found that these compounds, as inhibitors of efflux pumps, could also be used to suppress MDR A. baumannii isolated.
Gender Differences in Cancer Patients’ Preferences for Truth-Telling in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Shih-Ying , Fujimori Maiko , Wang Hung-Ming , Tang Woung-Ru 
Published: July 2020

Background
There is a lack of studies investigating gender differences in cancer truth-telling, especially from the Asia Pacific countries.

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare preferences for cancer truth-telling between male and female cancer patients in Taiwan.

Methods
We used a quantitative cross-sectional design. Cancer patients (aged ≥18 years) were enrolled from 6 hospitals across Taiwan. A Taiwanese version of the Japanese truth-telling questionnaire was used to collect data. Multiple regression and independent t test were used for analysis.

Results
A total of 590 patients (49.6% male, 50.4% female) participated in this study. A multiple regression showed no gender differences in total scale and subscales (setting, method of disclosure, additional information, and emotional support). However, in item analysis, we found that female patients preferred detailed medical information (t = −1.973, P = .049). Both male and female patients preferred to know their medical condition (t = −1.259, P = .209), direct and frank truth-telling (t = −0.262, P = .794), and assistance in treatment decision-making (t = −0.467, P = .641). There was no gender difference in willingness to know the life expectancy (t = −0.769, P = .442) and families’ presence during truth-telling (t = −0.416, P = .678).

Conclusion
Few gender differences exist in the preferences of truth-telling for cancer patients.

Implications for Practice
Our findings can increase the sensitivity of truth-telling among nurse and other healthcare personnel when taking care of cancer patients of different genders and thereby likely improve the quality of cancer care.
Epidemiologic Treatment for Contacts to Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic Patients in Seattle, WA; 1994 to 2018
Authors: Rowlinson Emily , Golden Matthew R. , Berzkalns Anna , Thibault Christina , Barbee Lindley A. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction
Current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines recommend that clinicians empirically treat the sex partners of persons with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) or Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection before confirming that they are infected. It is possible that this practice, known as epidemiologic treatment, results in overtreatment for uninfected persons and may contribute to development of antimicrobial resistance. We sought to quantify the number of patients who received epidemiologic treatment and the proportion of those who were overtreated.

Methods
We reviewed records from a municipal sexually transmitted disease clinic in Seattle, WA, from 1994 to 2018 to identify visits by asymptomatic patients seeking care because of sexual contact to a partner with GC and/or CT. We defined overtreatment as receipt of antibiotic(s) in the absence of a positive GC/CT test result and calculated the proportions of contacts epidemiologically treated and tested positive for GC/CT and overtreated in five 5-year periods stratified by sex and gender of sex partner. We used the Cochran-Armitage test to assess for temporal trends.

Results
The number of asymptomatic contacts epidemiologically treated for GC/CT increased from 949 to 3159 between the 1994–1998 and 2014–2018 periods. In 2014–2018, 55% of persons were overtreated, most (82.1%) of these were men who have sex with men (MSM). The proportion of MSM overtreated decreased from 74% to 65% (P < 0.01), but the total number of overtreated MSM increased from 172 to 1428.

Discussion
A high proportion of persons receiving epidemiologic treatment of GC/CT are uninfected. The current practice of routinely treating all sex partners of persons with GC/CT merits reconsideration in light of growing antimicrobial resistance.