bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An investigation of the effect of the psychoeducation program provided to alexithymic and violent adolescents on the level of alexithymia
Authors: Bakan Ayse B. , Aslan Gulpinar , Aka Pinar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractProblemAlexithymia is defined as difficulties in defining and describing feelings, differentiating feelings and bodily sensations caused by emotional arousal, and a combination of constricted imaginary processes. This study aims to investigate the effect of the psychoeducation program provided to individuals with alexithymia and violent tendencies adolescents on the level of alexithymia.MethodsThis experimental study was conducted between February 2019 and April 2019. The sample was 80 volunteer adolescents (experimental group n = 40 and control group n = 40) who met the research criteria. Data were collected using the Sociodemographic Form, the Tendency to Violence Scale, and the Alexithymia Questionnaire for Children (AQC). The psychoeducation program was applied in the experimental group in 90‐min sessions once a week throughout 9 weeks.FindingsThere was a statistically significant decrease in the AQC posttest mean scores after the training provided to the experimental group (p < .01).ConclusionsThe psychoeducation provided to adolescents was found to reduce the level of alexithymia. It is recommended that similar studies should be conducted with larger groups.
Physiological and pathophysiological role of ion channels and transporters in the colorectum and colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Minglin , Li Taolang , Zhu Jiaxing , Tuo Biguang , Liu Xuemei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe incidence of colorectal cancer has increased annually, and the pathogenesis of this disease requires further investigation. In normal colorectal tissues, ion channels and transporters maintain the water‐electrolyte balance and acid/base homeostasis. However, dysfunction of these ion channels and transporters leads to the development and progression of colorectal cancer. Therefore, this review focuses on the progress in understanding the roles of ion channels and transporters in the colorectum and in colorectal cancer, including aquaporins (AQPs), Cl− channels, Cl−/ exchangers, Na+/ transporters and Na+/H+ exchangers. The goal of this review is to promote the identification of new targets for the treatment and prognosis of colorectal cancer.
Developmental language disorders and risk of recidivism among young offenders
Authors: Winstanley Maxine , Webb Roger T. , Conti‐Ramsden Gina 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundAlthough factors such as adverse family background have been widely examined, little is known about the prevalence or potential impact of developmental language disorder (DLD) on risk of recidivism in young people with history of criminal justice system contact.MethodsA total of 145 young offenders participated. An adversity score was constructed based on information found in youth justice service records. Data collected included standardised measures of expressive and receptive language, nonverbal IQ and the inventory of callous–unemotional traits. Survival analysis was performed to examine differences in reoffending risk between young offenders with and without DLD.ResultsThe cumulative incidence of reoffending within a year of the young person's court order was markedly raised in the DLD group (62%; 95% CI 52, 72) versus the non‐DLD group (25%; 95% CI 16, 39). Furthermore, in the final multivariable survival analysis the independent elevation in risk linked with DLD was not greatly attenuated with adjustment for nonverbal IQ, adversity score, age at first offence, number of previous offences and deprivation score. DLD was the most significant predictor with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.61 (95% CI 1.80, 3.78).ConclusionsYoung offenders with DLD are more than twice as likely to reoffend than their unaffected offending peers. DLD is a powerful predictor of recidivism above and beyond other known risk factors.
Quality of life measurement in occupational skin diseases. Position paper of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Task Forces on Quality of Life and Patient Oriented Outcomes and Occupational Skin Disease
Authors: Chernyshov P.V. , John S.M. , Tomas‐Aragones L. , Gonçalo M. , Svensson A. , Bewley A. , Evers A.W.M. , Szepietowski J.C. , Marron S.E. , Manolache L. , Pustisek N. , Suru A. , Salavastru C.M. , Tiplica G.S. , Salek M.S. , Finlay A.Y. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) has started the ‘Healthy Skin @ Work’ campaign aimed to raise awareness among the public and EU authorities on the frequency and impact of occupational skin diseases (OSDs). The EADV Task Forces (TFs) on Quality of Life and Patient Oriented Outcomes (QoL/PO) and on OSD present their mutual position statement on QoL assessment in OSDs. The EADV TFs recommend the use of the DLQI as a dermatology‐specific instrument and SF‐36 as a generic instrument in health‐related (HR) QoL studies on OSDs. The OSD‐specific questionnaire, LIOD, is not recommended for general use in its present form because of its three months recall period. The EADV TFs discourage the use of non‐validated and of non‐validated modifications of previously validated HRQoL instruments. The EADV TFs wish to encourage research into: the HRQoL impact of OSDs other than occupational contact dermatitis and hand eczema; comparisons between the effects of different treatments and other interventions on HRQoL in OSDs; and into the HRQoL impairment of patients with OSDs from different countries, and with different provoking factors, to predict if the results of successful therapeutic and educational interventions may be generalized across countries and between occupations.
Geochronological and petrological constraints from the evolution in the Saxon Granulite Massif, Germany, on the Variscan continental collision orogeny
Authors: Rötzler Jochen , Timmerman Martin J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractControversy over the plate tectonic affinity and evolution of the Saxon granulites in a two‐ or multi‐plate setting during inter‐ or intracontinental collision makes the Saxon Granulite Massif a key area for the understanding of the Palaeozoic Variscan orogeny. The massif is a large dome structure in which tectonic slivers of metapelite and metaophiolite units occur along a shear zone separating a diapir‐like body of high‐P granulite below from low‐P metasedimentary rocks above. Each of the upper structural units records a different metamorphic evolution until its assembly with the exhuming granulite body. New age and petrologic data suggest that the metaophiolites developed from early Cambrian protoliths during high‐P amphibolite facies metamorphism in the mid‐ to late‐Devonian and thermal overprinting by the exhuming hot granulite body in the early Carboniferous. A correlation of new Ar–Ar biotite ages with published P–T–t data for the granulites implies that exhumation and cooling of the granulite body occurred at average rates of ~8 mm/year and ~80°C/Ma, with a drop in exhumation rate from ~20 to ~2.5 mm/year and a slight rise in cooling rate between early and late stages of exhumation. A time lag of c. 2 Ma between cooling through the closure temperatures for argon diffusion in hornblende and biotite indicates a cooling rate of 90°C/Ma when all units had assembled into the massif. A two‐plate model of the Variscan orogeny in which the above evolution is related to a short‐lived intra‐Gondwana subduction zone conflicts with the oceanic affinity of the metaophiolites and the timescale of c. 50 Ma for the metamorphism. Alternative models focusing on the internal Variscan belt assume distinctly different material paths through the lower or upper crust for strikingly similar granulite massifs. An earlier proposed model of bilateral subduction below the internal Variscan belt may solve this problem.
Mortgage Design in an Equilibrium Model of the Housing Market
Authors: GUREN ADAM M. , KRISHNAMURTHY ARVIND , MCQUADE TIMOTHY J. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTHow can mortgages be redesigned to reduce macrovolatility and default? We address this question using a quantitative equilibrium life‐cycle model. Designs with countercyclical payments outperform fixed payments. Among those, designs that front‐load payment reductions in recessions outperform those that spread relief over the full term. Front‐loading alleviates liquidity constraints when they bind most, reducing default and stimulating housing demand. To illustrate, a fixed‐rate mortgage (FRM) with an option to convert to adjustable‐rate mortgage, which front‐loads payment reductions relative to an FRM with an option to refinance underwater, reduces price and consumption declines six times as much and default three times as much.
Parental mobile health adherence to symptom home monitoring for infants with congenital heart disease during the single ventricle interstage period: A concept analysis
Authors: Erickson Lori A. , Emerson Amanda , Russell Cynthia L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeSingle ventricle heart disease is fraught with risk for infant mortality and morbidity. During the interstage period, or the time between palliative cardiac surgeries, mobile health (mHealth) technology improves the ability of registered nurse coordinators to monitor infant symptoms through parental monitoring and reporting. The concept of parental mHealth adherence to symptom home monitoring of infants with single ventricle congenital heart disease has not been defined, despite increasing use of mHealth technology.MethodsRodger's concept analysis method was used to derive a unified definition of parental mHealth adherence to symptom home monitoring of infants with congenital heart disease during the single ventricle interstage period. A literature review included a search of databases for studies that addressed interstage home mHealth monitoring. Thematic analysis was applied to selected articles to derive a unified definition based on attributes, antecedents, consequences, related terms, and an illustrative case example. Sixteen publications were selected. Attributes, antecedents, and consequences of the concept were derived from the literature leading to a definition of parental mHealth adherence for infants with congenital heart disease during the single ventricle interstage period. The definition is the degree of adherence to which parents' transfer mHealth data for their infant meet healthcare providers' recommendations for symptom home monitoring. Consequences were improved infant symptom home monitoring through parental mHealth adherence measured by initiation, implementation, and discontinuation.ConclusionThe unified definition of the concept will provide a firmer ground for research in mHealth and interstage pediatric care and a guide for clinicians in developing new mHealth interventions for symptom home monitoring.Practice ImplicationsThis concept analysis hypothesizes that infants with a single ventricle during the interstage period, whose parents are mHealth symptom home monitoring adherent, will have timelier symptom identification with resultant superior outcomes compared with infants with a single ventricle during the interstage period whose parents are not mHealth adherent.
Rapid automated diagnosis of primary hepatic tumour by mass spectrometry and artificial intelligence
Authors: Giordano Silvia , Takeda Sen , Donadon Matteo , Saiki Hidekazu , Brunelli Laura , Pastorelli Roberta , Cimino Matteo , Soldani Cristiana , Franceschini Barbara , Di Tommaso Luca , Lleo Ana , Yoshimura Kentaro , Nakajima Hiroki , Torzilli Guido , Davoli Enrico 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsComplete surgical resection with negative margin is one of the pillars in treatment of liver tumours. However, current techniques for intra‐operative assessment of tumour resection margins are time‐consuming and empirical. Mass spectrometry (MS) combined with artificial intelligence (AI) is useful for classifying tissues and provides valuable prognostic information. The aim of this study was to develop a MS‐based system for rapid and objective liver cancer identification and classification.MethodsA large dataset derived from 222 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, 117 tumours and 105 non‐tumours) and 96 patients with mass‐forming cholangiocarcinoma (MFCCC, 50 tumours and 46 non‐tumours) were analysed by Probe Electrospray Ionization (PESI) MS. AI by means of support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) algorithms was employed. For each classifier, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated.ResultsThe overall diagnostic accuracy exceeded 94% in both the AI algorithms. For identification of HCC vs non‐tumour tissue, RF was the best, with 98.2% accuracy, 97.4% sensitivity and 99% specificity. For MFCCC vs non‐tumour tissue, both algorithms gave 99.0% accuracy, 98% sensitivity and 100% specificity.ConclusionsThe herein reported MS‐based system, combined with AI, permits liver cancer identification with high accuracy. Its bench‐top size, minimal sample preparation and short working time are the main advantages. From diagnostics to therapeutics, it has the potential to influence the decision‐making process in real‐time with the ultimate aim of improving cancer patient cure.
Altered red blood cell deformability—A novel hypothesis for retinal microangiopathy in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Tan Justin Kok Soon , Wei Xin , Wong Peter Agustinus , Fang Jie , Kim Sangho , Agrawal Rupesh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeImpaired red blood cell (RBC) deformability impedes tissue perfusion. This study aims to investigate RBC biomechanics in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with different grades of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and to correlate RBC deformability with hematological and serum biochemical markers.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 86 type 2 DM patients (31 with no DR, 31 with non‐proliferative DR [NPDR] and 24 with proliferative DR [PDR]) and 32 control subjects. RBC deformability was measured by a microfluidic cross‐slot channel (elongation index, EI). Venous blood samples were taken for assessment of hematological and serum biochemical markers.ResultsRBC deformability showed significant reduction in diabetic patients, being lowest in the PDR group, followed by NPDR and DM with no DR groups, and highest in control group (P = .018). RBC deformability was not affected by age or gender but showed significant associations with certain hematological and serum biochemical markers. In the regression analysis controlling for DM status, urea concentration and reticulocyte count were shown to be negatively associated with EI.ConclusionImpaired RBC deformability measured by a microfluidic cross‐slot channel in DM patients with different grades of DR underscores the contribution of RBC rheological properties to the pathogenesis and progression of DM related microangiopathy.
Talking to the Enemy: Difficult Conversations and Ethnopolitical Conflict
Authors: Ellis Donald G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe article reviews intractability qualities and uses the Israeli‐Palestinian conflict as an example of the difficult conversations that characterize the conflict between competing groups. There are two typical research trends for analyzing group conflict. These are either a rational model or intractable conflict model. The rational model assumes that differences are over realistic issues such as scarce resources. The intractable model focuses on identity and emotions. Intractable conflicts are recalcitrant, nonrational, and particularly resistant to resolution. They generate difficult conversations. The argument here demonstrates how intractability establishes the descriptive conditions for difficult conversations about conflicts. These conditions are incommensurate cultural narratives, narrative particularity, existential threat, power differences, and delegitimization. Islam and the West and the Israelis and Palestinians are used as examples. Finally, such difficult divides must attend to five issues that ameliorate difficult conversations, namely, inclusion, maximization of arguments and reasons, controlling undue influences, dialogic equality, and the value of deliberation.
Quality of life and associated factors in siblings of children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Wakimizu Rie , Fujioka Hiroshi , Nishigaki Kaori , Matsuzawa Akemi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study examined quality of life and its associated factors in siblings of children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities in Japan. The participants were 789 siblings of children with a disability and their primary caregivers. We used the Kinder Lebensqualität Fragebogen questionnaire to assess the quality of life of siblings. The mean age of the siblings was 12.21 ± 3.07 years, and the mean quality of life score was 69.63 ± 12.55 points, which is higher than that of the general population of children of the same age. It was revealed that the following factors contributed to higher quality of life scores: a closer relationship with the child with a disability, younger age, the primary caregiver's lower care burden, later birth order of siblings (i.e., younger siblings), higher family empowerment, and female gender of siblings. The relationship with the child with a disability had the strongest influence on siblings' quality of life. Our study suggests the need for nursing interventions that focus on the whole family to enhance siblings' quality of life.
Real‐world performance of the atrial fibrillation monitor in patients with a subcutaneous ICD
Authors: Baalman Sarah W.E. , Mittal Suneet , Boersma Lucas V.A. , Perschbacher Dave , Brisben Amy J. , Mahajan Deepa , de Groot Joris R. , Knops Reinoud E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe third‐generation subcutaneous implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (S‐ICD) (EMBLEM™ A219, Boston Scientific) contains a new diagnostic tool to detect atrial fibrillation (AF) in S‐ICD patients, without the use of an intracardiac lead. This is the first study to evaluate the performance of the S‐ICD AF monitor (AFM).MethodsThe AFM algorithm analyzes a subcutaneous signal for the presence of AF, similar to the signals collected by implantable and wearable diagnostic devices. The AFM algorithm combines heart rate (HR) scatter analysis with an HR histogram. The algorithm was tested against publicly available electrocardiogram databases (simulated performance). Real‐world performance of the algorithm was evaluated by using the S‐ICD LATITUDE remote monitoring (RM) database.ResultsThe simulated performance of the AFM algorithm resulted in a sensitivity of 95.0%, specificity of 100.0%, and positive predictive value (PPV) of 100.0%. To evaluate the real‐world performance of the AFM, 7744 S‐ICD devices were followed for up to 30 months by RM, whereof 99.5% had the AFM enabled. A total of 387 AF episodes were randomly chosen for adjudication, resulting in a PPV of 67.7%. The main cause of misclassification was atrial and ventricular ectopy.ConclusionThe AFM exhibited a very high sensitivity and specificity in a simulated setting, designed to maximize PPV in order to minimize the clinical burden of reviewing falsely detected AF events. The real‐world performance of the AFM, enabled in 99.5% of S‐ICD patients, is a PPV of 67.7%.
Understanding predictors of change in a day treatment setting for non‐suicidal self‐injury
Authors: Slesinger Noël C. , Hayes Nicole A. , Washburn Jason J. 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesTo examine change in non‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) frequency, quality of life, and functional impairment from admission to discharge in patients enrolled in partial hospitalization and intensive outpatient programmes (PHP/IOP) designed to treat NSSI. Demographic, clinical, and treatment‐related predictors of changes were also examined.DesignData were collected as part of routine clinical assessment procedures at admission and discharge from patients enrolled in a PHP/IOP programme designed to treat NSSI. The clinical assessment included measures examining quality of life, functional impairment, and NSSI behaviour.MethodsPaired t‐tests were used to examine change in NSSI frequency, quality of life, and functional impairment. Reliable clinical change analyses were used to identify clinically significant change in quality of life and functional impairment. Multilevel mixed‐effects regression was used to examine predictors of change for quality of life and functional impairment. Negative binomial regression was used to examine predictors of change for NSSI frequency.ResultsFrom admission to discharge, NSSI frequency significantly decreased and quality of life and functional impairment evidenced clinically significant change. Age, race/ethnicity, and insurance type predicted change in functional impairment, while gender predicted change in quality of life. Urge to self‐injure predicted change in NSSI frequency. Borderline symptoms predicted change across all outcome variables.ConclusionsPatients who completed a day treatment programme for NSSI evidenced significant change in NSSI frequency, functional impairment, and quality of life at discharge; however, several demographic and clinical variables were associated with change.Practitioner points

Patients who engage in NSSI show significant change from admission to discharge in a day treatment programme dedicated to the treatment of NSSI.

Quality of life and functional impairment are important outcome variables to consider and evaluate in higher levels of care.

It is important to consider demographic and clinical variables when creating a treatment plan for NSSI.

Although BPD symptoms may be important to consider in day treatment for NSSI, interpersonal dysfunction, depressive symptoms, and mood lability may also affect change in symptoms.
Generalized bullae in a young girl with KRT6A‐related pachyonychia congenita
Authors: Liu Jie , Zhong Weilong , Yu Bo , Lin Zhimiao , Zheng Yalei , Hu Xiaoping 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPachyonychia congenita (PC) is a rare genodermatosis showing heterogeneity with five causative keratin genes (KRT6A, KRT6B, KRT6C, KRT16, or KRT17). Clinically, PC is characterized by hypertrophic onychodystrophy, painful palmoplantar keratoderma, oral leukokeratosis, and follicular hyperkeratosis. We describe an atypical case of PC in a young Chinese girl presenting with generalized bullae and identified a recurrent heterozygous missense mutation c.1406T > C (p.Leu469Pro) in KRT6A. This suggests that bullae may represent an important feature of KRT6A‐related PC.