bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for cervical stromal involvement in endometrioid‐type endometrial cancer
Authors: Toprak Serhat , Sahin Eda Adeviye , Sahin Hanifi , Tohma Yusuf Aytac , Yilmaz Ercan , Meydanli Mehmet Mutlu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify predictors of cervical stromal involvement in women with endometrioid‐type endometrial cancer (EEC).MethodsA total of 795 patients with EEC who underwent comprehensive surgical staging including pelvic and para‐aortic lymph node dissection between January 2007 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Data including age, menopausal status, serum CA‐125 levels, tumor size, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), depth of myometrial invasion, positive peritoneal cytology, cervical stromal involvement, histologic grade, recurrence, and follow‐up duration were recorded.ResultsMedian follow up was 49 months. Cervical stromal invasion was found in 88 patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that presence of LVSI (hazard ratio [HR] 2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–4.25, P = 0.045), a primary tumor diameter of at least 3 cm (HR 3, 95% CI 1.31–7.25, P = 0.010), and at least 50% deep myometrial invasion (HR 2.7, 95% CI 1.37–5.41, P = 0.004) were independent risk factors for cervical stromal involvement in patients with EEC.ConclusionOur study results suggest that presence of LVSI, a primary tumor diameter of at least 3 cm, and LVSI of at least 50% seem to be independent predictors of cervical involvement in women with EEC.
Prognosis of bulky pTIIB cervical cancer treated by radical hysterectomy comparing adenocarcinoma with squamous cell carcinoma using propensity score matching
Authors: Okadome Masao , Nagayama Rina , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Sonoda Kenzo , Shimamoto Kumi , Saito Toshiaki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether radical hysterectomy (RAH) can effectively treat true Stage IIB (pTIIB) cervical adenocarcinoma (AC) because FIGO (clinical) Stage IIB cervical cancer is rarely treated with RAH and radiotherapy has unfavorable effects on AC.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data for 82 patients with Stage pTIIB cervical cancer who underwent RAH at our institution between January 1997 and December 2017. The end points were disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) among squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (n = 60) and AC (n = 22) patients. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis with and without propensity score matching was conducted to identify the impact of RAH.ResultsPara‐aortic lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter were significant factors for recurrence, and adjuvant chemotherapy prevented recurrence on multivariate analysis. After propensity score matching, there was no significant difference in DFS and OS between the groups. Five‐year DFS and OS of the SCC group were 0.505 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.268–0.702) and 0.619 (95% CI 0.351–0.803), respectively, and those of the AC group were 0.444 (95% CI 0.232–0.638) and 0.602 (95% CI 0.351–0.782), respectively.ConclusionBulky Stage pTIIB cervical cancer is hard to cure, but RAH plus adjuvant therapy might be an option for radio‐resistant pTIIB cervical AC.
Renal cell carcinoma with central nervous system demyelination caused by nivolumab
Authors: Oka Toshiki , Yamamoto Yoshiyuki , Okuda Yohei , Asakura Toshihisa , Hatano Koji , Nakai Yasutomo , Nakayama Masashi , Kakimoto Ken‐ichi , Sugai Fuminobu , Nishimura Kazuo 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionCentral nervous system demyelination caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors is a very rare condition.Case presentationA 65‐year‐old man who received nivolumab for renal cell carcinoma developed abnormal behavior, such as disagreeable speech and sudden anger. Brain‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple lesions with partial contrast effects in the cerebral white matter. We tentatively diagnosed demyelination caused by nivolumab, and performed steroid pulse therapy twice. After that, his symptoms improved. For the next 2 years, his symptoms did not recur, nor did his cancer progress.ConclusionDemyelination caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors can be fatal and requires early diagnosis and treatment.
Coloring rings
Authors: Maffray Frédéric , Penev Irena , Vušković Kristina 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA ring is a graph whose vertex set can be partitioned into nonempty sets, , such that for all , the set can be ordered as so that . A hyperhole is a ring such that for all , is complete to . In this paper, we prove that the chromatic number of a ring is equal to the maximum chromatic number of a hyperhole in . Using this result, we give a polynomial‐time coloring algorithm for rings. Rings formed one of the basic classes in a decomposition theorem for a class of graphs studied by Boncompagni et al [J. Graph Theory 91 (2019), 192–246.]. Using our coloring algorithm for rings, we show that graphs in this larger class can also be colored in polynomial time. Furthermore, we find the optimal ‐bounding function for this larger class of graphs, and we also verify Hadwiger's conjecture for it.
Cleft Palate Repair by Otolaryngologist‐Head and Neck Surgeons: Risk Factors for Postoperative Fistula
Authors: Leu Grace R. , Ebert Bridget E. , Roby Brianne B. , Scott Andrew R. 
Published: October 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo assess the incidence of palatal fistula after primary repair of the cleft palate among two cohorts of Otolaryngologist‐Head and Neck Surgeons and to identify patient and surgeon characteristics that may predict fistula development.Study DesignRetrospective case series with chart review.MethodsChildren who underwent primary repair of cleft palate at one of two multidisciplinary cleft centers over a 10 year period were identified. Charts were reviewed for the presence of palatal fistula; chi square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to determine variables associated with fistula formation.ResultsFrom 2007 to 2017, 477 patients underwent primary repair of cleft palate by one of 6 Otolaryngologist‐Head and Neck Surgeons. Twenty‐four children had incomplete charts, allowing 453 patients to be included in the final analysis. The pooled mean incidence of palatal fistula was 6.6% (P = .525) and varied significantly by cleft type. Logistic regression analysis controlling for multiple variables, showed that Veau IV classification had the highest risk of fistula (OR = 10.582; P = .004). Repair by a specific surgeon was not a significant risk factor for fistula development (P > .07 for each surgeon).ConclusionsAmong six Otolaryngologist‐Head and Neck Surgeons with fellowship training in cleft palate repair postoperative fistula rates were consistent and compared favorably to standards in the Cleft and Craniofacial surgery literature established by other surgical specialties. Consistent with larger database studies involving multiple surgical specialties, Veau IV classification was the strongest predictor of palatal fistula development, even after adjusting for multiple variables, including differing levels of experience.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:1281–1285, 2021
Erosion at hillslope and micro‐basin scales in the Gilbués desertification region, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Simplício Antonio A. F. , Costa Carlos A. G. , Navarro‐Hevia Joaquín , de Araújo José Carlos 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWith an area of 6,200 km2, the Gilbués badlands region in the Brazilian drylands is the largest desertification site in the Country. It is located upstream the Boa Esperança Hydroelectric Power Plant and is contiguous to an important Brazilian agricultural area. However, primary quantitative data on erosive processes are scarce or nonexistent. We analyzedon‐sitedata (2018–2019) concerning small‐scale (hillslope and micro basin) processes: inter‐rill gross erosion, vegetation coverage factor, sediment yield, and sediment delivery ratio. We measured gross erosion in four hillslopes using metal pins; rainfall erosivity using an automatic meteorological station; soil erodibility; and siltation of five check‐dams that control micro basins (101–103 m2) by means of an unmanned aerial vehicle. Gross erosion (102 Mg ha−1yr−1; 7.5 mm yr−1) is up to 100‐fold the regional mean value and up to 45‐times the tolerable soil‐loss reference value (0.17 mm yr−1), showing that degradation still evolves. Sparse small vegetation directly exposes two thirds of the soil, with a high vegetation factor (0.90). The sediment delivery ratio of the micro basins is 0.88, compatible with low (12%) sediment‐deposition pattern at this scale. The Maner delivery‐ratio model mimicked field observation, which indicates that relief is the key element influencing sediment deposition there. The check‐dam effectiveness considerably decreased after the first decade of operation due to high siltation rates. Although the Gilbués badland occupies only 5% of the basin upstream of the power plant, it contributes 32% of the sediment load to reservoir and dam. This shows the relevance of the badland restoration for the regional sustainability of water and energy supply.
Medical history of nocturnal enuresis during school age is an independent risk factor for nocturia in adults: The Nagahama study
Authors: Negoro Hiromitsu , Fukunaga Arinobu , Setoh Kazuya , Kawaguchi Takahisa , Funada Satoshi , Yoshino Takayuki , Tabara Yasuharu , Yoshimura Koji , Kanematsu Akihiro , Nishiyama Hiroyuki , Matsuda Fumihiko , Ogawa Osamu ,   Nagahama Study Group
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo evaluate the relationship between nocturia and medical history of nocturnal enuresis: two conditions where diurnal urination rhythm is disturbed.MethodsThe Nagahama study is a longitudinal population‐based health survey involving people aged 30–75 years in Nagahama city, Japan. Our analysis included 5,402 participants who completed enuresis and International Prostate Symptom Score questionnaires. Associations between nocturnal enuresis and nocturia were evaluated cross‐sectionally and longitudinally with three models: (1) univariate analysis; (2) adjusted for basic characteristics (e.g., age, sex, body mass index, activity, alcohol, and smoking); and (3) adjusted for basic and clinical variables (e.g., hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, renal insufficiency, insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, and mental health).ResultsIn total, 1,613 participants (29.9%) had a medical history of enuresis. The mean night‐time frequency was 0.73 at baseline and 0.85 at the 5‐year follow‐up. The cross‐sectional analysis showed participants with a medical history of enuresis had night‐time frequency more often than those without this history (0.84 vs. 0.68, p < .0001). Significant differences were observed in Models 2 (p < .0001) and 3 (p < .0001). The longitudinal analysis showed nocturia progression was significantly related to a history of enuresis, with odds ratios of 1.32 (p < .0001) in Model 1, 1.21 (p < .01) in Model 2, and 1.22 (p < .01) in Model 3.ConclusionsMedical history of enuresis during school age was significantly related to nocturia in adulthood in the cross‐sectional analysis, and to progression to nocturia in the longitudinal analysis. These two conditions may possess a common causative association.
A wavelet based numerical scheme for fractional orderSEIRepidemic of measles by using Genocchi polynomials
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Kumar Ranbir , Osman M. S. , Samet Bessem 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEpidemiology is the glorious discipline underlying medical research, public health practice, and health care evaluation. Nowadays, research on disease models with anonymous parameters is a popular issue for researchers working in epidemiology. Due to popularity of this field, a new numerical method for the solution of the fractional SEIR epidemic of measles is introduced where fractional derivative is taken in Caputo sense. We have discussed about the framework of Genocchi wavelets for numerical simulations of above disease model. Furthermore, the operational matrix merged with the collocation method is used in order to convert fractional‐order problem into algebraic equations. The Adams‐Bashforth‐Moulton (ABM) numerical scheme is used to solve above disease model with various parameters. For we have compared the solutions with Adams‐Bashforth‐Moulton predictor corrector scheme for the accuracy and applicability of the Genocchi wavelets method (GWM). The behaviors of susceptible, exposed, infected, and recovered individuals are presented graphically at the value of various fractional order. The error and convergence analysis of the Genocchi wavelets has been discussed for the applicability of the present methods. Further, various numerical simulations have been carried out to justify our achieved finding.
The reducing rank method to solve third‐order Duffing equation with the homotopy perturbation
Authors: He Ji‐Huan , El‐Dib Yusry O. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the current work, we apply a nonstandard scheme to solve the third‐order Duffing equation. This equation is produced from the strong damped Klein–Gordon equation under the traveling wave transformation. The solution and the stability conditions for the third‐order Duffing equation have been discussed for the first time. The present analysis is new and used the reducing rank method with the homotopy perturbation method. A nonoscillator solution with the oscillating solutions is derived individually and frequency formula is obtained. Besides, the stability analysis is discussed.
A Father's Perspective on Bridewealth in the Making of the Transnational Papua New Guinean Household
Authors: Sykes Karen M. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTThat people value ‘people’ over ‘things’ is argued often by anthropologists, but how people value specific forms and qualities of relations as they do in the example of bridewealth is less so. I explore the perspective of Papua New Guinean‐born fathers in Australia as they advocate innovations in bridewealth traditions and thereby enable daughters to marry for love, cultivate a companionate marriage, and create a Papua New Guinean household. Past generations gauged the worth of traditional bridewealth by the quantity and distribution of items given and the number of exogamous clan connections forged as an index of past and future relations between clans. The current generation judges the value of even alternate forms of bridewealth for making new possibilities for those who share in it. If bridewealth enables the transnational household to emerge as the unit of decision making that replaces the clan, then innovations in bridewealth support, rather than undermine, a new normativity of companionate marriage that empowers that much wider net of kin. Drawing on a theory of value as the importance of social action towards the goal of the new normativity of the transnational household, I show how choosing a spouse is cultivated by women's fathers who refuse bridewealth, as often as it is by their husbands who provide new forms of wealth at marriage.
Preparation of polyHIPE nanocomposites: Revealing the influence of experimental parameters with the help of experimental design approach
Authors: Mert Emine Hilal , Mert Hatice Hande 
Published: October 2020

AbstractControlling the morphology and physical properties of poly(high internal phase emulsion)s (polyHIPEs) is critical for the development of well‐defined porosity with improved mechanical properties for industrial applicability. Therefore, in this study, experimental design methodology was used to prepare polystyrene based polyHIPE nanocomposites. A surface modified nanoclay was used to reinforce the chalky and brittle polystyrene, and the effect of nanoclay loading was investigated studiously. Emulsion stability has not been compromised due to the presence of modifier groups on the nanoclay surface. A total of 36 samples were produced according to the experimental design matrix. The relationship between the emulsion preparation conditions and final polyHIPE properties including cavity size, interconnected pore size, compression modulus, specific surface area, average pore volume, skeletal density, and foam density were determined by using a statistical software for a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). In this way, in addition to deriving the empirical model equations for each property, the mutual and synergistic interactions of experimental parameters were also determined.
Can abacus course eradicate developmental dyscalculia
Authors: Lu Yujie , Ma Mei , Chen Guozhong , Zhou Xinlin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDevelopmental dyscalculia (DD) is a specific mathematical learning disability, with a prevalence of around 3%–7% in the school‐aged population. It negatively affects individuals, and even the national, development. Previous DD‐intervention programs usually targeted on numerosity, number, simple arithmetic, or even general cognitive ability. The current study investigated the effect that a long‐term (2–3 years) abacus course had on the prevalence of DD. Twelve classes of students were tested, half of which received an abacus course. Results showed that although no children were diagnosed as DD in the abacus classes, its prevalence was 6.4% in the control classes. Students with an abacus course demonstrated better performance in arithmetic computation and spatial short‐term memory after controlling for age, gender, grade, and other basic cognitive abilities. The results suggest that the abacus course could be an effective tool for DD intervention in natural education settings.
Machine learning‐based prediction of enzyme substrate scope: Application to bacterial nitrilases
Authors: Mou Zhongyu , Eakes Jason , Cooper Connor J. , Foster Carmen M. , Standaert Robert F. , Podar Mircea , Doktycz Mitchel J. , Parks Jerry M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPredicting the range of substrates accepted by an enzyme from its amino acid sequence is challenging. Although sequence‐ and structure‐based annotation approaches are often accurate for predicting broad categories of substrate specificity, they generally cannot predict which specific molecules will be accepted as substrates for a given enzyme, particularly within a class of closely related molecules. Combining targeted experimental activity data with structural modeling, ligand docking, and physicochemical properties of proteins and ligands with various machine learning models provides complementary information that can lead to accurate predictions of substrate scope for related enzymes. Here we describe such an approach that can predict the substrate scope of bacterial nitrilases, which catalyze the hydrolysis of nitrile compounds to the corresponding carboxylic acids and ammonia. Each of the four machine learning models (logistic regression, random forest, gradient‐boosted decision trees, and support vector machines) performed similarly (average ROC = 0.9, average accuracy = ~82%) for predicting substrate scope for this dataset, although random forest offers some advantages. This approach is intended to be highly modular with respect to physicochemical property calculations and software used for structural modeling and docking.
Assessing and communicating heterogeneity of treatment effects for patient subpopulations: Panel discussion on considerations in design and analysis
Authors: Rothmann Mark , Crown William , Louis Thomas A. , Permutt Thomas , Ruberg Stephen , Segal Jodi , Scott John 
Published: October 2020

SUMMARYClinical trials are primarily conducted to understand the average effects treatments have on patients. However, patients are heterogeneous in the severity of the condition and in ways that affect what treatment effect they can expect. It is therefore important to understand and characterize how treatment effects vary. The design and analysis of clinical studies play critical roles in evaluating and characterizing heterogeneous treatment effects. This panel discussed considerations in design and analysis under the recognition that there are heterogeneous treatment effects across subgroups of patients. Panel members discussed many questions including: What is a good estimate of the treatment effect in me, a 65‐year‐old, bald, Caucasian‐American, male patient? What magnitude of heterogeneity of treatment effects (HTE) is sufficiently large to merit attention? What role can prior evidence about HTE play in confirmatory trial design and analysis? Is there anything described in the 21st Century Cures Act that would benefit from greater attention to HTE? An example of a Bayesian approach addressing multiplicity when testing for treatment effects in subgroups will be provided. We can do more or better at understanding heterogeneous treatment effects and providing the best information on heterogeneous treatment effects.
On increasing the sensitivity of moving average control chart using auxiliary variable
Authors: Amir Muhammad Wasim , Raza Zeeshan , Abbas Zameer , Nazir Hafiz Zafar , Akhtar Noureen , Riaz Muhammad , Abid Muhammad 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the statistical process control, the most useful tool to monitor the manufacturing processes in the industries is the control chart. Quality practitioners always desire the charting structure that identifies sustainable changes in the monitoring processes. The sensitivity of the control chart is improved when additional correlated auxiliary information about the study variable is introduced. The regression estimate in the form of auxiliary and supporting variables presents an unbiased and efficient statistic of the mean of the process variable. In this study, auxiliary information‐based moving average (AB‐MA) control chart is designed for efficient monitoring of shifts in the process location parameter. The performance of the AB‐MA control chart is evaluated and compared with existing charts using average run length and other run length characteristics. The comparison reveals that the AB‐MA control chart outperforms the competitors in detecting the small and medium changes in the process location parameter. The application of the proposal is also provided to implement it in real situation.
Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry of deprotonated dihydrobenzofuran neolignans
Authors: Dias Herbert J. , Crevelin Eduardo J. , Palaretti Vinicius , Vessecchi Ricardo , Crotti Antônio E.M. 
Published: October 2020

RationaleAlthough dihydrobenzofuran neolignans (DBNs) display a wide diversity of biological activities, the identification of their in vivo metabolites using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI‐MS/MS) remains a challenge to be overcome. Recently, ESI‐MS/MS data of protonated DBNs have been reported, but they were shown to be limited due to the scarcity of diagnostic ions.MethodsThe gas‐phase fragmentation pathways of a series of biologically active synthetic benzofuran neolignans (BNs) and DBNs were elucidated by means of negative ESI accurate‐mass tandem and sequential mass spectrometry, and thermochemical data estimated using computational chemistry and the B3LYP/6‐31+G(d,p) model.ResultsDeprotonated DBNs produced more diagnostic product ions than the corresponding protonated molecules. Moreover, a series of odd‐electron product ions (radical anions) were detected, which has not been reported for protonated DBNs. Direct C2H3O2• elimination from the precursor ion (deprotonated molecule) only occurred for the BNs and can help to distinguish these compounds from the DBNs. The mechanism through which the [M − H − CH3OH]− ion is formed is strongly dependent on specific structural features.ConclusionsThe negative ion mode provides much more information than the positive ion mode (at least one diagnostic product ion was detected for all the analyzed compounds) and does not require the use of additives to produce the precursor ions (deprotonated molecules).