bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient function continues to improve over the first five years following tibial plateau fracture managed by open reduction and internal fixation
Authors: Gonzalez L. J. , Hildebrandt K. , Carlock K. , Konda S. R. , Egol K. A. 
Published: April 2020

Aims Tibial plateau fractures are serious injuries about the knee that have the potential to affect patients’ long-term function. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use patient-reported outcomes (PROs) with a musculoskeletal focus to assess the long-term outcome, as compared to a short-term outcome baseline, of tibial plateau fractures treated using modern techniques. Methods In total, 102 patients who sustained a displaced tibial plateau fracture and underwent operative repair by one of three orthopaedic traumatologists at a large, academic medical centre and had a minimum of five-year follow-up were identified. Breakdown of patients by Schatzker classification is as follows: two (1.9%) Schatzker I, 54 (50.9%) Schatzker II, two (1.9%) Schatzker III, 13 (12.3%) Schatzker IV, nine (8.5%) Schatzker V, and 26 (24.5%) Schatzker VI. Follow-up data obtained included: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) or Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain scores, Short Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment (SMFA), and knee range of movement (ROM). Data at latest follow-up were then compared to 12-month data using a paired t-test. Results Patient-reported functional outcomes as assessed by overall SMFA were statistically significantly improved at five years (p < 0.001) compared with one-year data from the same patients. Patients additionally reported an improvement in the Standardized Mobility Index (p < 0.001), Standardized Emotional Index (p < 0.001), as well as improvement in Standardized Bothersome Index (p = 0.003) between the first year and latest follow-up. Patient-reported pain and knee ROM were similar at five years to their one-year follow-up. In total, 15 of the patients had undergone subsequent orthopaedic surgery for their knees at the time of most recent follow-up. Of note, only one patient had undergone knee arthroplasty following plateau fixation related to post-traumatic osteoarthritis (OA). Conclusion Knee pain following tibial plateau fracture stabilizes at one year. However, PROs continue to improve beyond one year following tibial plateau fracture, at least in a statistical sense, if not also clinically. Patients displayed statistical improvement across nearly all SMFA index scores at their minimum five-year follow-up compared with their one-year follow-up. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(5):632–637.
Management of osteoarthritis at the base of the thumb
Authors: Parker Simon , Riley Nicholas , Dean Benjamin ,   Oxford Upper Limb Collaborative
Published: April 2020

Aims Base of thumb osteoarthritis (BTOA) is a common age-related disease which has a significant negative impact upon quality of life. Our aim was to assess current UK practice in secondary care with regard to the nature of non-surgical treatments, the surgical procedures most commonly performed, and factors influencing the surgical decision-making process. Methods Ten consecutive patients undergoing surgery for BTOA between March 2017 and May 2019 were prospectively identified in 15 UK centres. Demographic details, duration of symptoms, radiological grade, non-surgical management strategies, and surgery conducted were recorded. A supplementary consultant questionnaire consisting of four multiple-choice-questions (MCQ) based on hypothetical clinical scenarios was distributed. Results A total of 150 patients were identified with a mean age of 64 years (SD 9), comprising 119 females and 31 males. Median duration of symptoms prior to surgery was 24 months (Interquartile range (IQR) 12 to 40). Hand therapy was used in 67 patients (45%), splints in 80 (53%), and 121 patients (81%) received one or more intra-articular injections, of which 81 (67%) were image-guided (14 (12%) ultrasound and 67 (55%) fluoroscopic). Only 48 patients (32%) received all three non-surgical treatments. Simple trapeziectomy (79 patients) and trapeziectomy with ligament reconstruction and/or tendon interposition (69 patients) were the most commonly performed operations. One patient was treated with arthrodesis, and one with arthroplasty. The supplementary questionnaire revealed that no specific patient or disease characteristics significantly influenced the type of surgery undertaken. Conclusion We found considerable variation in practice of both non-surgical and surgical management of BTOA. The proportion of patients exhausting non-surgical strategies before being offered surgery is low. Surgeons tend to favour a single type of surgery irrespective of patient or disease characteristics. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(5):600–605.
Distension arthrogram in the treatment of adhesive capsulitis has a low rate of repeat intervention
Authors: Nicholson Jamie A. , Slader Ben , Martindale Aleksis , Mckie Scott , Robinson C. Mike 
Published: April 2020

AimsThe primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of distension arthrography in the treatment of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder. The secondary aim was to assess which patient and procedural factors predicted the recurrence of symptoms after the procedure.MethodsAll patients referred to our shoulder clinic over a ten-year period, between 2008 and 2018, with a clinical diagnosis of capsulitis and symptoms persisting for more than six months, were offered treatment with a distension arthrogram. All procedures were performed by one of five musculoskeletal radiologists, with a combination of steroid, local anaesthetic, and a distention volume of 10 ml, 30 ml, or 50 ml. Patient demographics, procedural details, recurrence of symptoms, and the need for further intervention were evaluated.ResultsA total of 2,432 distension arthrograms were performed during the study period. The mean time between arthrography and analysis was 5.4 years (SD 4.4; 1 to 11). Recurrent symptoms occurred in 184 cases (7.6%), all of whom had a repeat distension arthrogram at a median of nine months (interquartile range (IQR) 6.0 to 15.3). The requirement for further intervention for persistent symptoms following arthrography was significantly associated with diabetes (p < 0.001) and bilateral capsulitis (p < 0.001). The volume of distension, either with air or saline, showed a dose-dependent advantage. Distension of 50 ml versus 30 ml showed a significantly decreased odds ratio for recurrence of 2.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6 to 3.0; p < 0.001). Capsule rupture (p = 0.615) or steroid dose (p = 0.275) did not significantly affect the rate of recurrence. There were no infections or neurovascular injuries. Following the second distension arthrogram, the symptoms resolved in 137 cases (74.5%) with no further intervention being required. An arthroscopic capsular release was ultimately required in 41 cases, comprising 1.7% of the entire cohort.ConclusionWe found a low rate of repeat intervention following distension arthrography in patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder, at long term follow-up. Greater volumes of distension are associated with lower rates of recurrence independent of capsule rupture. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(5):606–610.
Azkeneko hiru hamarkadetan Euskal Herriko kostaldean klima-aldaketak komunitate bentonikoetan (flora eta fauna) izan duen eragina
Authors: Muguerza Nahiara , Bustamante María , Díez Isabel , Quintano Endika , Tajadura Javier , Saiz-Salina Iñaki , Gorostiaga Jose María 
Published: April 2020

Errezela eratzen duten makroalgek, oro har, beherakada bortitza izan dute, eta horrek ekosistemako prozesuetan izango dituen eraginak ez dira oraindik ondo ezagutzen. Ikerketa honek Bizkaiko Golkoko hegoaldean 20 urte inguruko aldian substratu gogorreko ekosistema bentonikoak aztertu ditu, non Gelidium corneum makrofitoak beherakada nabarmena izan duen. Errezelak atzera egitearen edo aldaketaren tasa ikertu da, bai eta errezel-menpeko diren organismoen (algak eta ornogabeak) egitura taxonomiko eta funtzionalean ondorioak ere. Gure emaitzek erakutsi dute 2008an aldaketa garrantzitsuak zakarki gertatu zirela eta ondoren ez dela berreskuratze-seinalerik izan. Galera esanguratsuenak makroalga konplexu eta iraunkorrak diren formetan gertatu dira eta, aldiz, epifitoak diren eta ez diren suspentsiboroetan ere, alga sinple soropilduak ugaritu dira. Aldi berean, espezieen aberastasunak, algen dentsitateak eta flora eta faunaren ekitatibitateak gora egin dute. Ikerketaren 1. aldian (1998-2007), alga eta fauna espezie elkartuen talde koherenteak batera aldatzen dutela ikusten da. Hala ere, 2008tik aurrerantz finkatutako komunitate berrian algen eta ornogabeen arteko elkarte espezifikoak falta dira. Gure emaitzek flora eta fauna espezieen arteko ereduak daudela adierazten dute. Patroi hauek ekosistema bentonikoaren funtsezko espezie eta ezaugarri funtzionalen galeren ondorioak hobeto ulertzen lagunduko dute.
Mikroplastikoen inpaktua, hedapena eta mikroorganismoen bidezko biodegradazioa ozeanoetan
Authors: Baña Zuriñe 
Published: April 2020

Mikroplastiko sintetikoak (≤ 5 mm) gero eta kantitate handiagoan aurkitzen diren ingurumen-kutsatzaileak dira, mundu osoko estuarioetan eta itsas sistemetan metatzen direnak ezin direlako era errazean degradatu. Mikroplastikoen ugaritasunak, tamaina txikiak eta dentsitate baxuak korronte ozeanikoen bidez sakabanatzen eta garraiatzen laguntzen diete. kutsatzaile horiek erabilera handiko produktuen isurketaren bidez hel daitezke ur-sistemetara, edota ingurumen-baldintza aldakorren pean (izozte-desizoztea, erradiazio ultramorea, ur-korronteak, eta abar) deskonposatzen diren hondar plastiko handiagoetatik sor daitezke itsasoan bertan. Plastiko horien mundu-mailako urteroko fabrikazioa asko handitu da azken hamarkadan, eta konponbide bat laster ez bada eskaintzen, itsasoko mikroplastikoen metaketak eta hedapenak handiagotzen jarraituko du, horrek dakartzan ondorio ekologikoekin eta toxikologikoekin. Alde batetik, mikroplastikoak mikroorganismoen kolonizaziorako aproposak diren gainazalak dira, komunitate naturalen aktibitatean eta konposizioan aldaketak sustatzen dituztenak, eta, ondorioz, ziklo biogeokimikoetan aldaketak ere eragiten dituztenak. Beste alde batetik, mikroplastikoak eta adsorbituta daramaten kutsatzaile kimikoak zein metal astunak ingeritzeko potentzial altua dute itsas animaliek, haien ehunetan eta organoetan metatzen baitira, eta harrezkero, sare trofikoetan zehar transferitu eta biohanditu. Gainera, mikroplastikoek patogenoen, biotoxinen eta antibiotikoekiko erresistenteak diren geneen sakabanaketan parte hartzen dute, eta osasun publikoan eragin zuzena izan dezakete. Naturan badaude entzimen bidez mikroplastikoak guztiz edo partzialki degradatzeko eta energia-iturri moduan erabiltzeko gai diren mikroorganismoak. Beraz, mikroplastikoak degrada ditzaketen mikroorganismoak identifikatzea etorkizun handiko estrategia da biodegradazio naturala errazteko eta ekosistema naturalen garbiketan laguntzeko, ingurumenaren aurkako inpakturik eragin gabe.
Euskal gatazka armatuaren historia hezkuntzako edukietan: azterketa diskurtsibo bat
Authors: Velte Samara 
Published: April 2020

Euskal gatazkaren azken aro armatuaren (1960-2018) memoria ikastetxeetan lantzeko egin diren lehenbiziko ahaleginetako bat da Eusko Jaurlaritzak 2018an sortutako Herenegunmaterial didaktikoa. Testuinguru diskurtsibo liskartsu baten erdian, are errelebantzia handiagoa du eskolako gaitegiak gatazkaren historiari buruzko narratibak sortzerako orduan; are gehiago kontuan hartzen badugu material horien hartzaileak dagoeneko gatazka biolentoari buruzko oroitzapen zuzenik ez daukan belaunaldi batekoak direla. Ikerketa honetan, material didaktiko horrek Johan Galtungen baketze inklusiboaren printzipioak betetzen ote dituen aztertzen dugu. Finean, bake negatibo baten ideia elikatzen duela ondorioztatzen dugu, eta, horren ordez, ikuspegi despolarizatzaileagoa dakarten narratibak sustatzea proposatzen dugu.
Retraction: Clusters analysis application on transportation network
Authors: Jayarathna Nuwan Dhammika , Jayawardene Chula J. 
Published: April 2020

Retraction notice
We, the Editors and Publisher of Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics, have retracted the following article:
Nuwan Dhammika Jayarathna and Chula J. Jayawardene, “Clusters analysis application on transportation network”, Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics, DOI:10.14254/jsdtl.2020.5-1.3, published online on Apr 26, 2020.
This is due to a breach of the following Publishing Agreement clause, signed by the author during the publication process:
“You warrant that: i. The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).”
Following an investigation into this document, triggered by the Publisher and Editors shortly after publication, we have undertaken a review to verify the complaint is not that the article was previously published. This check showed that the article had been published earlier in another journal. Copyright has been partially infringed.
Long-Term Survival After Pelvic Exenteration for Locally Recurrent Rectal Cancer Associated With Crohn's Disease With, Adjuvant Chemotherapy, and Immunosuppressive Therapy
Authors: Ueda Takeshi , Tanaka Tetsuya , Yokoyama Takashi , Sadamitsu Tomomi , Koyama Fumikazu , Fujii Hisao , Yoshimura Atsushi 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Crohn's disease (CD) is associated with an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. In particular, cases in which long-term survival is achieved by patients with local recurrence of CD-associated rectal cancer are rare. We report a case in which curative resection was achieved for a 47-year-old man with long-standing CD and locally recurrent rectal cancer. In this case, the patient obtained a long-term survival without recurrence after surgical resection with adjuvant chemotherapy and immunosuppressive therapy. In the management of inflammatory bowel disease patients with cancer, the management of both cancer and inflammatory bowel disease treatment is important for the long-term prognosis.
HUMAN RIGHTS AND LAW ENFORCEMENT: THE USE OF FORCE IN COUNTER TERRORISM
Authors: Prindani Tubagus Ami , Subandi Imam , Hukom Marthinus , Putri Fayreizha Destika 
Published: April 2020

This paper aims at discussing the legal as well as the human rights impact on the use of force and firearms by law enforcement officers in the event of counter terrorism, case study of the Indonesian National Police Counter Terrorism Special Detachment 88 CT (Densus 88 AT Polri). The discussion focuses on the nature of the use of force as well as the use of lethal firearms by law enforcement officers made possible by international legislation and provisions on human rights. Is it possible that the use of force and lethal weapons is still in line with respecting and upholding human rights? How does the state's accountability in the event of use a force by law enforcement officers? How is the validity of the use of deadly forces in the event of arrest or raids conducted by police? Is it true that human rights are always contrary to police duties?
Enhancement of mechanical properties of natural rubber–clay nanocomposites through incorporation of silanated organoclay into natural rubber latex
Authors: Perera Sudarshana Jayaraj , Egodage Shantha Maduwage , Walpalage Shantha 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this study, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) modified montmorillonite (MMT) which is called as organoclay (OMMT) was mixed with natural rubber, and masterbatches were produced using the acid-free co-coagulation (AFCC) method in the presence of a combined gelling agent, a mixture of CTAB and sodium dodecyl sulfate. The OMMT was further modified by grafting of bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide as to reduce the surface energy in silanated organoclay (OMMT-S). As expected, the nanocomposites prepared with OMMT-S compared to those with OMMT exhibited greater mechanical properties due to the development of rubber–clay interactions and due to proper dispersion of small clay layers in the rubber matrix combined with the gelling agent. The improvement of elongation at break, hardness and tear strength of the nanocomposites with OMMT/OMMT-S was an added advantage when the nanocomposites are prepared using the AFCC method without having any adverse effect from the combined gelling agent.
An Intersectional Viral-Genetic Method for Fluorescent Tracing of Axon Collaterals Reveals Details of Noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus Structure
Authors: Plummer Nicholas W. , Chandler Daniel J. , Powell Jeanne M. , Scappini Erica L. , Waterhouse Barry D. , Jensen Patricia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the function of broadly projecting neurons depends on comprehensive knowledge of the distribution and targets of their axon collaterals. While retrograde tracers and, more recently, retrograde viral vectors have been used to identify efferent projections, they have limited ability to reveal the full pattern of axon collaterals from complex, heterogeneous neuronal populations. Here we describe TrAC (tracing axon collaterals), an intersectional recombinase-based viral-genetic strategy that allows simultaneous visualization of axons from a genetically defined neuronal population and a projection-based subpopulation. To test this new method, we have applied TrAC to analysis of locus coeruleus norepinephrine (LC-NE)-containing neurons projecting to medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and primary motor cortex (M1) in laboratory mice. TrAC allowed us to label each projection-based LC-NE subpopulation, together with all remaining LC-NE neurons, in isolation from other noradrenergic populations. This analysis revealed mPFC-projecting and M1-projecting LC-NE subpopulations differ from each other and from the LC as a whole in their patterns of axon collateralization. Thus, TrAC complements and extends existing axon tracing methods by permitting analyses that have not previously been possible with complex genetically defined neuronal populations.
Hydrocarbon Molecular Markers as Indicators of the Late Cenozoic Sedimentation on the Amerasian Continental Margin (Arctic Ocean)
Authors: Petrova V.I. , Batova G.I. , Kursheva A.V. , Litvinenko I.V. , Morgunova I.P. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
—The main factors controlling the bulk sedimentation in the region of the Mendeleev Rise and the adjacent part of the Arctic Ocean during the late Cenozoic were studied using a complex of geomorphological, lithological, and organic geochemical data. Samples for the study were collected during the cruises of the R/V Akademik Fedorov in 2000, 2005, and 2007 and icebreaker Kapitan Dranitsyn in 2012. Analysis of the group and molecular compositions of the dispersed organic matter (DOM) in bottom sediments has shown that the input of terrigenous sediments enriched with abrasion products of lithified rocks from the eastern source province determines the Holocene–Pleistocene sedimentation on the continental slope of the East Siberian Sea and in the Podvodnikov Basin. The individual characteristics of DOM of the late Cenozoic deposits from the underwater mountains of the Mendeleev Rise reflect the wide diversity of sedimentary sources and depositional conditions. Subaqueous erosion and redeposition of denudation products of source rocks and pre-Holocene sediments play an important part in sedimentation together with a terrigenous flow and ice transport.
Petrological and Geochemical Characteristics and Age of the Rocks of the Yllymakh Massif (Aldan Shield, Southern Yakutia)
Authors: Vasyukova E.A. , Ponomarchuk A.V. , Doroshkevich A.G. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
—The Yllymakh massif is one of the Mesozoic ring intrusions widespread in Central Aldan. The alkaline rocks composing it are greatly diverse in composition. Based on the obtained petrological, geochemical, and geochronological data, we have recognized three groups of rocks, marking the different phases of the massif formation. The rocks of two groups resulted from the fractionation of rock-forming minerals (pyroxene and plagioclase) and accessory apatite, which is reflected in the composition trends in the variation diagrams and in the REE patterns. Assimilation of the crustal material also significantly contributed to the diversity of rock-forming melts, which is evidenced from the increase in 87Sr/86Sr from group to group. At the same time, the εNd value is steadily extremely low throughout the study area (on average, –13.5). The obtained Ar–Ar geochronological data indicate three independent stages of the massif formation: 140.0 ± 1.9, 130.0 ±1.9–131.0 ± 2.4, and 125.0 ± 1.9 Ma, which are close in time to the evolution stages of other Mesozoic massifs in Aldan.
The Chukotka Segment of the Uda–Murgal and Okhotsk–Chukotka Volcanic Belts: Age and Tectonic Environment
Authors: Tikhomirov P.L. , Pravikova N.V. , Bychkova Ya.V. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
—We present new data on the geology, geochronology, and geochemistry of volcanic complexes of the Uda–Murgal and Okhotsk–Chukotka belts that expose on the left bank of the Anadyr’ River in its middle course. The structural relationships between the stratons, supplemented by the U–Pb and 40Ar/39Ar dates of volcanics, indicate at least three compression events at this segment of the Pacific margin during the Cretaceous: pre-Aptian, early Albian, and late Turonian. The complexes of the Uda–Murgal and Okhotsk–Chukotka belts are separated by an early Albian unconformity, but the other two unconformities are also well pronounced. The studied segment of the Uda–Murgal belt evolved in the ensialic island arc setting till the Barremian. In the Aptian, after the accretion of the island arc to the continent, volcanism reactivated on the Andean-type margin. The main geochemical difference between the Uda–Murgal and Okhotsk– Chukotka belts is the different volume portions of silicic rocks. The less significant difference in the contents of trace elements indicates a change in the composition of the mantle protolith. The complexes of the Okhotsk–Chukotka belt show signs of geochemical zoning, both longitudinal and transverse relative to the strike of the continent–ocean boundary.