bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alzheimer's disease and related dementias risk: Comparing users of non‐selective and M3‐selective bladder antimuscarinic drugs
Authors: Barthold Douglas , Marcum Zachary A. , Gray Shelly L. , Zissimopoulos Julie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurposeBladder antimuscarinic (BAM) drug use is associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). It is hypothesized that BAMs with non‐selective receptor binding may increase ADRD risk more than M3‐selective BAMs. This study compared ADRD risk for users of non‐selective and M3‐selective BAMs and examines ADRD risk associated with overall BAM use.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of Medicare claims for 71 688 individuals who used BAM drugs during 2007‐2009 without an ADRD diagnosis. We compared ADRD incidence (2011‐2016) between non‐selective BAM users (fesoterodine, flavoxate, oxybutynin, tolterodine, trospium) and M3‐selective BAM users (darifenacin, solifenacin). Logistic regressions compared individuals using target drugs in the same category of total standardized daily doses (TSDD) as a standardized measure of drug exposure, and adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, healthcare utilization, other medication use, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities. Secondary analyses compared ADRD risk associated with different doses of BAMs overall.ResultsNon‐selective BAM use (compared to M3‐selective) was not significantly associated with ADRD incidence. Odds ratios for non‐selective use were 0.97 (CI: 0.89‐1.04) for 1‐364 TSDD, 0.94 (CI: 0.83‐1.06) for 365‐729, 1.00 (CI: 0.87‐1.16) for 730‐1094, and 1.03 (CI: 0.88‐1.20) for >1094. Higher TSDD of BAMs overall (combining both non‐selective and M3‐selective BAMs), when compared to 1‐364 TSDD, were associated with increased ADRD incidence (OR = 1.05 (CI: 0.99‐1.10) for 365‐729, OR = 1.11 (CI: 1.05‐1.17) for 730‐1094, and OR = 1.10 (CI: 1.04‐1.15) for >1094).ConclusionsNon‐selective and M3‐selective BAM users had similar odds of ADRD incidence, and BAM use overall was significantly associated with ADRD incidence.
Hybrid bacterial cellulose‐collagen membranes production in culture media enriched with antioxidant compounds from plant extracts
Authors: Fernandes Isabela de Andrade Arruda , Maciel Giselle Maria , de Oliveira Anna Lou Mucharski Strafit , Miorim Avany Judith Ferraro , Fontana Jose Domingos , Ribeiro Valéria Rampazzo , Haminiuk Charles Windson Isidoro 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBioactive, structural, and mechanical properties were measured of a cellulose biopolymer produced by Gluconacetobacter xylinus using hydrolyzed collagen and phenolic compounds from teas and grape pomace (GP) in an optimized culture medium. Biopolymers were impregnated with an antibiotic to investigate possible antibacterial activities. Hybrid bacterial cellulose (BC)‐collagen membranes obtained from cultures with green tea and a ternary mixture (TM) of teas with GP presented a high concentration of phenolic compounds (879.7 and 1312.8 mg gallic acid equivalent per liter) and antioxidant activity (973.3 and 575.9 mmol/g), respectively. BC membranes included a nanodimensional network of microfibrils, and the addition of hydrolyzed collagen in the TM of teas in situ resulted in thicker structures with improved mechanical properties. BC‐collagen membranes pretreated with cephalexin exhibited significant inhibition against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The enrichment of the culture media with plant phenolic compounds and collagen resulted in the formation of hybrid BC membranes in a shorter time when compared to those produced without these components. Membranes modified with bioactive compounds in situ and antibiotics ex situ can be turned into potential products for application in biomaterials with antioxidant activity.
Registration of ‘S14‐15138GT’ soybean as a high‐yielding RR1/STS cultivar with broad disease resistance and adaptation
Authors: Chen P. , Shannon G. , Crisel M. , Smothers S. , Clubb M. , Vieira C. C. , Ali M. L. , Selves S. , Lee D. H. , Scaboo A. , Usovsky M. , Nguyen H. T. , Mitchum M. G. , Meinhardt C. , Li Z. , Bond J. , Robbins R. T. , Li S. , Smith J. R. , Mengistu A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract‘S14‐15138GT’ (Reg. no. CV‐537, PI 693754) is a late maturity group IV (relative maturity 4.8) indeterminate high‐yielding soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.] cultivar with glyphosate and sulfonylurea tolerance developed and released in 2017 by the University of Missouri–Fisher Delta Research Center soybean breeding program. S14‐15138GT is an F4 plant selection from the cross ‘S09‐10871’ × ‘S08‐9727RR1’. S14‐15138GT was tested in 83 environments across 11 states and showed high yield potential and wide adaptation in Missouri and other southern states. In the University of Missouri yield trials, S14‐15138GT yielded, on average, 110% of the tests mean across 19 locations in 4 yr (2015–2018). Plants of S14‐15138GT are 84 cm tall and have white flower color, tawny pubescence, and tan pod walls. On average, S14‐15138GT seed contains 406 g kg−1 protein and 221 g kg−1 oil on a dry seed weight basis. S14‐15138GT has a broad disease resistance package including resistance to soybean cyst nematode races 3 and 14 (HG Type 5.7 and Type 1.3.6.7), stem canker, frogeye leaf spot, sudden death syndrome, and phomopsis seed decay. In addition to its high yield potential, strong disease resistance package, and broad adaptation, S14‐15138GT is a suitable alternative for farmers who want to grow and save seed of glyphosate‐tolerant soybean cultivars.
‘Butta 12’, a two‐rowed malting barley adapted to the California Central Valley with proven floor‐malting success and craft brewer acceptance
Authors: Gallagher Lynn W. , Silberstein Ron , Prato Linda , Vogt Herb 
Published: September 2020

Abstract‘Butta 12’ (Reg. no. CV‐371, PI 692639) is the first malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) released by the University of California to complete plant‐scale malting evaluation and to be brewed successfully by scores of craft brewers. In cooperation with Admiral Maltings, Alameda, CA, Butta 12 has been malted and marketed primarily under the names Gallagher's Best, Feldblume, and Admiral Pils for all‐malt brewing and distilling. Butta 12 combines good malting quality, adequate disease resistance, and good agronomic performance to provide a local maltster with a grower‐accepted local source of malting barley. Kilning variables produced a wide range of flavors. Additionally, Butta 12 and a related malting cultivar ‘UC Tahoe’ are nonproducers of glycosidic nitrile, which is an advantage for their use by distillers. With no initial California two‐rowed malting barley germplasm as a starting point, it took over 20 yr of breeding work to combine favorable alleles for malting quality from the Oregon State University barley improvement program with increased disease resistance from the barley breeding program of International Center for the Improvement of Agriculture in the Dry Areas (ICARDA)/International Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement (CIMMYT), Mexico. The focus on disease resistance was necessary because several barley diseases in California prevent the direct introduction of malting cultivars into California's Central Valley from the northern tier of U.S. states and Canada.
Synthesis of glycerol‐thiophene nanoparticles, a suitable sensing platform for voltammetric determination of guaifenesin
Authors: Hatamvand Roshanak , Adeli Mohsen , Yari Abdollah 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBoronic acid functionalized materials have gained much attention in both chemistry and biology fields due to their multivalent covalent interactions with cis‐diol containing (macro) molecules. The remarkable progress in this field has resulted in the development of their biomedical applications, such as, biosensors and nanocarriers. In this study, the spherical nanoparticles consisting of glycerol and 2,5‐thiophenediylbisboronic acid were synthesized by one‐pot ring opening copolymerization of a mixture of glycidol and 2,5‐thiophenediylbisboronic acid. The synthesized nanoparticles were used for the modification of the glassy carbon electrode and the determination of Guaifenesin. The synthesized polymeric nanoparticles were characterized by different spectroscopic and microscopic methods including UV–vis, IR, NMR, DLS, and SEM. Additionally, the electrochemical behavior of the fabricated electrode toward Guaifenesin was investigated with cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
‘Steeling’ effects in the association between psychological resilience and cancer treatment in prostate cancer patients
Authors: Sharpley Christopher F. , Christie David R. H. , Bitsika Vicki 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo test the ‘buffering’ effect of psychological resilience (PR) upon depression in prostate cancer patients and to also investigate any effects that past or current treatment may have had upon patients' PR as a test of the ‘steeling’ hypothesis of past adversity upon future resilience.MethodsA total of 576 volunteer prostate cancer patients completed questionnaires about their demographic and treatment variables, and their psychological resilience and depression. Factor analysis was used to identify the underlying components of the resilience measure.ResultsPR was confirmed as an inverse correlate of depression in these men. Additionally, some past and current treatments were found to be significantly associated with patients' psychological resilience in a way suggestive of ‘steeling’ effects.ConclusionThese data provide support for the model of PR as being influenced by past experiences of adversity and demonstrate that association for prostate cancer patients.
Inactivation of biofilms in endotracheal tube by cold atmospheric plasma treatment for control and prevention of ventilator‐associated pneumonia
Authors: İbiş Fatma , Ercan Utku K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractVentilator‐associated pneumonia (VAP) is a type of hospital‐acquired infection with high mortality and morbidity rates that is seen in critically ill patients who are connected to mechanical ventilators in intensive care units. Conventional infection control measures may remain insufficient for control and prevention of VAP. In the present study, biofilms of most common pathogens, which are responsible for VAP, namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans, were grown in the lumen of endotracheal tubes (ETs) under low shear to mimic the biofilm formation in clinical settings using the drip flow reactor system. Antibiofilm efficacies of two different plasma treatment methods were tested on the biofilms that were grown in ETs. In the first method, deionized water (DIW), phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) solution, and N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) solution were treated with air dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma and then nebulized on the biofilms. In the second method, air plasma afterglow (APA), which was generated using a DBD jet electrode, was flown through the lumen of ETs. Effects of two different plasma treatment methods on biofilms were evaluated using colony‐counting and XTT assays. The quantity of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) was evaluated with the safranin assay. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to visualize the effect of various plasma treatment methods on biofilms. Cytotoxic effects of two different plasma treatment methods were tested on the human tracheal epithelial cell line. Our results suggest that the nebulized plasma‐treated NAC solution had a superior antibiofilm effect as compared with DIW and PBS. Two different plasma treatment methods used effectively inactivated biofilms and significantly reduced the quantity of EPS without a significant damage to the human tracheal epithelial cell line. Furthermore, SEM images showed the inactivation of microbial cells mainly through membrane damage.
Associations of TNF‐α ‐238G/A, TNF‐α ‐308G/A, and IL‐6 ‐174G/C polymorphisms with the risk of asthma: Evidence from a meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhu Qin , Zhang Hanghu , Wang Jing , Wu Yinxia , Chen Xiaohong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPreviously, many genetic epidemiological studies have investigated associations between Th1‐related cytokine polymorphisms and the risk of asthma, with inconsistent results. Accordingly, we carried out a meta‐analysis to more precisely estimate associations between Th1‐related cytokine polymorphisms and the risk of asthma.MethodsSystematic literature searching of Medline, Embase, Wanfang, VIP, and CNKI was conducted by the authors to identify eligible publications, and 69 genetic epidemiological studies were finally found to be eligible for quantitative analyses.ResultsWe found that genotypic frequencies of TNF‐α ‐238G/A (dominant comparison: odds ratio [OR] = 0.47, P = .006; overdominant comparison: OR = 1.87, P = .03; allele comparison: OR = 0.50, P = .004), TNF‐α ‐308G/A (dominant comparison: OR = 0.76, P = .001; overdominant comparison: OR = 1.29, P = .002; allele comparison: OR = 0.81, P = .0009) and IL‐6 ‐174G/C (dominant comparison: OR = 0.55, P = .0008) polymorphisms among patients with asthma and control subjects were significantly different. However, we did not detect such a genotypic distribution difference for the IL‐1B−511C/T polymorphism.ConclusionsThe present meta‐analysis shows that TNF‐α ‐238G/A, TNF‐α ‐308G/A, and IL‐6 ‐174G/C polymorphisms may influence the risk of asthma.
Crystal structure of a S‐adenosyl‐L‐methionine‐dependent O‐methyltransferase‐like enzyme from Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Liao Lijing , Zhou Yuanze , Peng Ting , Guo Yan , Zhao Yucheng , Zeng Zhixiong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractS‐adenosyl‐L‐methionine (SAM)‐dependent methyltransferases (MTases) are widely distributed among almost all organisms and often characterized with conserved Rossmann fold, TIM barrel, and D×G×G×G motif. However, some MTases show no methyltransferase activity. In the present study, the crystal structure of LepI, one MTase‐like enzyme isolated from A. flavus that catalyzes pericyclic reactions, was investigated to determine its structure‐function relationship. The overall structure of LepI in complex with the SAM mimic S‐adenosyl‐L‐homocysteine (SAH) (PDB ID: 6IV7) indicated that LepI is a tetramer in solution. The residues His133, Arg197, Arg295, and Asp296 located near the active site can form hydrogen bonds with the substrate, thus participating in catalytic reactions. The binding of SAH in LepI is almost identical to that in other resolved MTases; however, the location of catalytic residues differs significantly. Phylogenetic trials suggest that LepI proteins share a common ancestor in plants and algae, which may explain the conserved SAM‐binding site. However, the accelerated evolution of A. flavus has introduced both functional and structural changes in LepI. More importantly, the residue Arg295, which is unique to LepI, might be a key determinant for the altered enzymatic behavior. Collectively, the differences in the composition of catalytic residues, as well as the unique tetrameric form of LepI, define its unique enzymatic behavior. The present work provides an additional understanding of the structure‐function relationship of MTases and MTase‐like enzymes.
A rod conformation of the Pyrococcus furiosus Rad50 coiled coil
Authors: Soh Young‐Min , Basquin Jerome , Gruber Stephan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Rad50‐Mre11 nuclease complex plays a vital role in DNA repair in all domains of life. It recognizes and processes DNA double‐strand breaks. Rad50 proteins fold into an extended structure with a 20 to 60 nm long coiled coil connecting a globular ABC ATPase domain with a zinc hook dimerization domain. A published structure of an archaeal Rad50 zinc hook shows coiled coils pointing away from each other. Here we present the crystal structure of an alternate conformation displaying co‐aligned coiled coils. Archaeal Rad50 may thus switch between rod‐shaped and ring‐like conformations as recently proposed for a bacterial homolog.
Insights into the convective evolution of Mediterranean tropical‐like cyclones
Authors: Dafis Stavros , Claud Chantal , Kotroni Vassiliki , Lagouvardos Konstantinos , Rysman Jean‐François 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study aims at understanding how deep convection is organized and contributes to the intensification of nine Mediterranean tropical‐like cyclones which developed between 2005 and 2018. Through a multi‐satellite approach, a combination of infrared and microwave diagnostics provides insights into the temporal and spatial evolution of deep convection. ERA5 reanalysis complements the remote‐sensing observations and is used to compute the vertical wind shear and vortex tilt to investigate their interactions with deep convection. Results show that vertical wind shear and topography have an important impact on the organization of deep convection and the symmetry of the cyclones. Only a fraction of these cyclones experienced intense convective activity close to their centres and we show that persistent deep convection in the upshear quadrants led to intensification periods. Convective activity solely in the downshear quadrants was not linked to intensification periods, while short‐lived hurricane‐like structures develop only during symmetric convective activity, leading to cyclone intensification in some of the cases. Finally, a classification of the Mediterranean tropical‐like cyclones is proposed based on the evolution of deep convection and their intensification periods.
Demonstration of Spin Current Switch across Ferro‐Antiferromagnetic Transition
Authors: Zhang Yi‐Hui , Weng Ting‐Wei , Chuang Tsao‐Chi , Qu Danru , Huang Ssu‐Yen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe first‐order magnetic phase transition between antiferromagnetic (AFM) and ferromagnetic (FM) states around room temperature is one of the unique features in FeRh. More fascinating is that the phase‐transition temperature (Ttr) can be readily modulated by the magnetic field. In this work, a spin current valve is isothermally demonstrated by electrically and thermally probing the spin channel during the phase transition. When switching between the AFM and FM states, a large magnetoresistance ratio of 50% is obtained. Meanwhile, the on/off ratio for the magnetospin‐polarized thermal voltage associated with the magnonic spin current can be nearly infinite. It is shown that the significantly modulated Ttr and switching critical field in FeRh advance its potential applications for the spin current switch devices.
Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analytical determination of gabapentin transformation products by heterogeneous photocatalysis and environmental evaluation
Authors: Dal Bello Federica , Medana Claudio , Zorzi Michael , Kuck Bertram , Fabbri Debora , Calza Paola 
Published: September 2020

RationaleGabapentin is a drug used to treat epilepsy and peripheral neuropathic pain. It is an analog of gamma‐aminobutyric acid, and it is a selective blocker of voltage‐gated calcium channels. The drug is excreted unmetabolized; it is stable in the environment and is classified as a persistent mobile organic contaminant. Because wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are not completely efficient, some bioactive molecules may be released unaltered into the environment. The aim of this study was to provide information about degradation pathways of gabapentin in water by studying its photoinduced transformation products (TPs) through laboratory simulation experiments. Gabapentin and its TPs were monitored in influent and effluent water samples from WWTPs in Germany and Italy.MethodsThe laboratory simulation used heterogeneous photodegradation mediated by titanium dioxide (TiO2). Chromatographic separation was achieved using a C18 reverse‐phase column, and the structural identification of TPs was performed using high‐resolution electrospray ionization high‐resolution mass spectrometry (ESI‐HRMS) and multistage MSn experiments.ResultsSeveral TPs were observed during TiO2 photodegradation. Nine new compounds were detected, and potential structures were assigned by studying the fragmentation pathways of the [M + H]+ ions of these TPs and gabapentin. Gabapentin and some of the newly identified TPs were found in environmental samples from WWTPs.ConclusionsThe developed high‐performance liquid chromatography/high‐resolution mass spectrometry method was used to identify TPs from gabapentin. It was then successfully applied to real environmental samples to monitor the TPs as potential environmental pollutants.
Probing for the presence of doping agents in exhaled breath using chromatographic/mass spectrometric approaches
Authors: Garzinsky Ann‐Marie , Thomas Andreas , Krug Oliver , Thevis Mario 
Published: September 2020

RationaleExhaled breath (EB) has been demonstrated to be a promising alternative matrix in sports drug testing due to its non‐invasive and non‐intrusive nature compared with urine and blood collection protocols. In this study, a pilot‐test system was employed to create drug‐containing aerosols simulating EB in support of the analytical characterization of EB sampling procedures, and the used analytical method was extended to include a broad spectrum of prohibited substances.MethodsArtificial and authentic EB samples were collected using sampling devices containing an electret filter, and doping agents were detected by means of liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry with unispray ionization. The analytical approach was characterized with regard to specificity, limits of detection, carry‐over, recovery and matrix effects, and the potential applicability to routine doping controls was shown using authentic EB samples collected after single oral dose applications of glucocorticoids and stimulants.ResultsThe analytical method was found to be specific for a total of 49 model substances relevant in sports drug testing, with detection limits ranging from 1 to 500 pg per cartridge. Both ion suppression (−62%) and ion enhancement (+301%) effects were observed, and all model compounds applied to EB sampling devices were still detected after 28 days of storage at room temperature. Authentic EB samples collected after the oral administration of 10 mg of prednisolone resulted in prednisolone findings in specimens obtained from 3 out of 6 participants up to 2 h. In octodrine, dimethylamylamine (DMAA) and isopropylnorsynephrine post‐administration EB samples, the drugs were detected over a period of 50, 48, and 8 h, respectively.ConclusionsWith the analytical approach developed within this study, the identification of a broad spectrum of prohibited doping agents in EB samples was accomplished. Application studies and stability tests provided information to characterize EB as a potential matrix in sports drug testing.
Survival outcomes after surgical management of endometrial cancer: Analysis after the first 10‐year experience of robotic surgery in a single center
Authors: Siesto Gabriele , Romano Fabrizio , Iedà Nicoletta Palma , Vitobello Domenico 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo report the 5‐year survival rates of patients undergone surgery for endometrial cancer, within a 10‐year study.MethodsSingle institution series with a minimum 2‐year follow‐up. The 5‐year survival outcomes of patients managed by robotics, laparoscopy and open surgery during the same period were compared. Multivariable analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors.ResultsThree hundred and sixty‐three consecutive patients were analysed. Open surgery showed a higher rate of abdominal recurrences (17.2% vs. 3.3%; p < 0.001); no differences were recorded in terms of vaginal, nodal or distant recurrences between open and minimally invasive surgery. At multivariable analyses, type II histology, peritoneal cytology and lympho‐vascular space invasion were independent predictors for survival. Based on each FIGO (The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage, no differences were found in terms of 5‐year disease‐free survival and overall survival between the approaches.ConclusionsThe surgical route does not affect the 5‐year survival in patients with endometrial cancer. Both robotics and laparoscopy are confirmed as viable options.