bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN METODE INQUIRY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA KELAS V SDN 4 KALIMAS KECAMATAN TELUK BATANG
Authors: Nurilla Nurilla 
Published: December 2020

Science subject is one of the curricular fields of study at the Elementary School (SD) level. Due to the low understanding of students towards this subject, especially the application of the inquiry method to improve student learning outcomes in class V SD Negeri 4 Kalimas, the writer makes improvements to learning. This study aims to improve students’ learning outcomes and activitiesin science subjects using the inquiry method application material. After carrying out the teaching and learning activities using the inquiry method, student learning outcomes and activities have increased. This was shown from the data collected, that in the pre-cycle learning activities there are only 7 students who got a score ≥ minimun standard achievement with a class average scoreof 41.5. So the description of the data collected can be concluded that the use of the inquiry method can improve students’ learning outcomes and activities in science subjects of class V SD Negeri 4 Kalimas. Thus, the inquiry method is one of the effective learning methods in improving students’ learning outcomes and activities in science subjects.
Penentuan Debit Aliran di Muara Sungai Pawan Kabupaten Ketapang berdasarkan Parameter Kecepatan Arus dan Kedalaman Sungai
Authors: Puteri Martsa Farindi Dwi , Putra Yoga Satria , Adriat Riza 
Published: December 2020

Debit aliran adalah volume air yang masuk ke badan sungai dalam setiap detik. Debit aliran sangat dipengaruhi oleh kecepatan arus dan kedalaman. Debit aliran di suatu perairan dapat digunakan untuk monitoring dan evaluasi sumber air bersih di suatu perairan. Semakin tinggi nilai debit aliran maka kualitas perairan akan semakin baik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan kecepatan arus dan kedalaman rata-rata terhadap debit aliran. Nilai kecepatan arus dihitung dengan metode kecepatan arus tiga titik dengan pengambilan data pada kedalaman 0.8 D, 0.5 D, dan 0.2 D. Lebar sungai dihitung dengan mengurangkan koordinat akhir dengan koordinat awal lintasan kemudian di konversi ke dalam satuan meter (m). Kedalaman dihitung secara langsung dengan alat ukur sonar. Nilai kecepatan arus, lebar sungai dan kedalaman digunakan untuk menghitung luas penampang lintasan dan debit aliran dengan metode velocity area mid section. Diperoleh hubungan antara kecepatan arus dan kedalaman terhadap debit aliran berdasarkan pola turun naik grafik yang sama pada nilai kecepatan arus, kedalaman dan debit aliran. Korelasi antara nilai kedalaman dan debit aliran diperoleh dengan nilai koefisien korelasi logaritmik sebesar 0.9329 dengan persamaan logaritmik kontinu y=10426ln(x)-15477. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa debit aliran di Sungai Pawan sangat dipengaruhi oleh besar nilai kecepatan arus dan kedalaman rata-rata pada sungai tersebut.
El seminario más antiguo de complejidad en América Latina
Authors: Maldonado Carlos Eduardo 
Published: December 2020

Este artículo presenta la historia del seminario más antiguo en América Latina sobre complejidad; específicamente, sobre ciencias de la complejidad. Como metodología se basa en la autoetnografía. Se presenta su historia, sus contenidos, dinámicas y futuro previsible. Se estudiaron experiencias semejantes de complejidad en América Latina y no se encontró ni continuidad o antigüedad, ni productos evidentes de un seminario análogo. La conclusión a la que se llega es que un seminario de investigación vale por dos características: su permanencia en el tiempo y los productos que presenta. En investigación existen dos clases de productos: tangibles e intangibles. La bibliografía al final da cuenta de productos tangibles; es decir, libros, capítulos de libro, artículos. Un producto intangible consiste en la producción de clases o actividades semejantes.
Proposta de Zoneamento Ambiental para a Reserva Biológica das Araucárias com Base em Atributos Topográficos
Authors: Maganhotto Ronaldo Ferreira , Souza Luis Claudio De PAula , De Oliveira Junior Jairo Calderari , Lohmann Marciel 
Published: December 2020

O consumo dos recursos naturais trouxe à tona questionamentos sobre o que pode ser feito para evitar prejuízos cada vez maiores à natureza. Sendo assim, as Unidades de Conservação (UCs) passam a exercer papel primordial no processo de proteção ambiental. Soma-se a isso o plano de manejo, instrumento que estabelece o zoneamento da UC e as normas que devem presidir o uso da área. Nesse contexto, este trabalho objetivou propor o zoneamento ambiental da REBIO das Araucárias a partir do processamento de atributos topográficos e das suas correlações com o uso do solo. Para tanto, foram gerados diversos atributos topográficos derivados do Modelo Digital do Terreno (MDT). Como resultados, verificou-se que a utilização dos atributos topográficos possibilitou o entendimento das informações pedológicas e de limitação de uso (susceptibilidade ambiental). Logo, para o zoneamento, realizou-se tabulação cruzada entre a Limitação de Uso e o Uso do Solo, sendo delineadas as Zonas de Manejo da unidade. Environmental zoning proposal for the Araucária Biological Reserve based on topographic attributes A B S T R A C TThe consumption of natural resources has raised questions about what can be done to avoid increasing damage to nature. Thus, Conservation Units (PAs) play a major role in the process of environmental protection. Add to this the management plan, an instrument that establishes the zoning of the CU and the norms that should govern the use of the area. In this context, this work aimed to propose the environmental zoning of REBIO das Araucárias from the processing of topographic attributes and their correlations with land use. For this, several topographic attributes derived from the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) were generated. As results, it was verified that the use of the topographic attributes made possible the understanding of the pedological information and of limitation of use (environmental susceptibility). Therefore, for the zoning, a cross-tabulation was performed between the Use Limitation and the Land Use, and the Management Areas of the unit were delineated.Keywords: Geotechnology; Topographic Attributes; Protected Áreas.
New records of Aristolochia bahiensis F.Gonzalez for the State of Maranhão, Brazil
Authors: Moraes Lorran André , Araújo Josiane Silva , Santos-Filho Francisco Soares 
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to record the occurrence of the species Aristolochia bahiensis F. González in an area of the territory of the State of Maranhão, Brazil. The species was collected in the city of Timon, in an area of tension that brings together characteristics of the Cerrado, adjacent to Mata Ciliar. The study provides a brief characterization of the botanical family and descriptions of the genus and species, as well as data on its distribution. The species had already been found in the states of Alagoas, Bahia and Espírito Santo. In addition to portraying the geographic occurrence of the plant, a morphological characterization of the species was made, with the assembly of a board with images of the most relevant aspects of its morphology in addition to maps with its location. Novo registro de Aristolochia bahiensis F.Gonzalez para o Estado do Maranhão, Brasil R E S U M OEste trabalho teve como objetivo registrar a ocorrência da espécie Aristolochia bahiensis F. González em área do território do Estado do Maranhão, Brasil. A espécie foi coletada na cidade de Timon, em área de tensão que reúne características de Cerrado, em adjacência com Mata Ciliar. O estudo traz uma breve caracterização da família botânica e descrições sobre o gênero e a espécie, além de dados sobre sua distribuição. A espécie já tinha sido encontrada nos estados de Alagoas, Bahia e Espírito Santo. Além de retratar ocorrência geográfica da planta foi feita uma caracterização morfológica da espécie, com a montagem de uma prancha com imagens dos aspectos mais relevantes da sua morfologia além de mapas com sua localização.Palavras-chave: Aristolochiaceae, Aristolochia, Aristolochia bahiensis, Área de Tensão Ecológica, Cerrado, Mata Ciliar, Bacia do Rio Parnaíba, Nordeste Brasil.
Regional Flood Frequency Analysis using Dimensionless Index Flood Method
Authors: Ibeje Andy Obinna , Ekwueme Ben N. 
Published: December 2020

Hydrologic designs require accurate estimation of quartiles of extreme floods. But in many developing regions, records of flood data are seldom available. A model framework using the dimensionless index flood for the transfer of Flood Frequency Curve (FFC) among stream gauging sites in a hydrologically homogeneous region is proposed. Key elements of the model framework include: (1) confirmation of the homogeneity of the region; (2) estimation of index flood-basin area relation; (3) derivation of the regional flood frequency curve (RFFC) and deduction of FFC of an ungauged catchment as a product of index flood and dimensionless RFFC. As an application, 1983 to 2004 annual extreme flood from six selected gauging sites located in Anambra-Imo River basin of southeast Nigeria, were used to demonstrate that the developed index flood model: , overestimated flood quartiles in an ungauged site of the basin. It is recommended that, for wider application, the model results can be improved by the availability and use of over 100 years length of flood data spatially distributed at critical locations of the watershed. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091627 Full Text: PDF
Cinética de Molienda de las Escombreras del Distrito Pachuca-Real del Monte, Estado de Hidalgo, México
Authors: Hernández-Ávila Juan , Cerecedo-Saenz Eduardo , Toro Norman , Arenas-Flores Alberto , Rodríguez-Lugo Ventura , Salinas-Rodríguez Eleazar 
Published: December 2020

En el presente estudio se llevo a cabo la cinética de molienda tamaño por tamaño y especie por especie de las escombreras de Dos Carlos de la ciudad de Pachuca, Hidalgo, México; presentando una composición química promedio en % de 70.43 de SiO2, 7.032 de Al2O3, 2.69 de Fe2O3, 0.70 de Mn, 3.98 de K2O, 3.34 de CaO, 2.50 de Na2O, 1.01 de MgO, 0.26 de TiO2, 0.04 de Zn, 0.026 de Pb, 56 g/ton de Ag y 0.6 g/ton de Au; apreciándose como fases mineralógicas mayoritarias: cuarzo, albita, argentita, berlinita, ortoclasa, jarosita de potasio argentífera, jarosita de sodio argentífera, feldespato, Anortoclasa, Calcita. Los resultados experimentales muestran que a medida que el tiempo de molienda se incrementa hasta valores comprendidos entre 32 y 46 minutos, la distribución de los contenidos metálicos es muy similar y se encuentran dados por el rango de 200 a 400 mallas, la máxima velocidad especifica de molienda global (tamaño por tamaño) y por especie correspondiente a la malla 200, para tamaños menores a la malla 200 se genera una disminución en la velocidad especifica por especie (plata), determinandose que el tiempo óptimo de molienda encontrado bajo estas condiciones estudiadas fue de 8 minutos.
¿Reconoce esta clave diagnóstica? Parte 1
Authors: Vélez López Natalia , Tibaduiza María Fernanda , Ruíz Restrepo Juan David , Valencia Ocampo Oscar Jairo 
Published: December 2020

Hombre de 62 años sin antecedentes, que consultó por aparición de lesión en hélix izquierdo de menos de 1 año de evolución. Ha drenado mecánicamente sin mejoría y posteriormente le ordenaron 5-fluoracilo, que usó varias veces al día, pero que suspendió 3 días antes de la consulta por dolor e irritación, por lo que se realizó biopsia de piel.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING BERBANTUAN SIMULASI VIRTUAL TERHADAP PENGUASAAN KONSEP FISIKA PESERTA DIDIK SMA
Authors: Sumarni Sumarni , Kosim Kosim , Verawati Ni Nyoman Sri Putu 
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing ÃÂ berbantuanÃÂ simulasi ÃÂ virtual ÃÂ terhadapÃÂ penguasaanÃÂ konsep fisika peserta didik SMA. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan pretest-posttest control grup design. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas XI MIA SMAN 1 Lembar yang berjumlah 53 peserta didik dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, sehingga sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas XI MIA-2 sebagai kelas eksperimen yang berjumlah 26 peserta didik dan kelas XI MIA-3 sebagai kelas kontrol yang berjumlah 27 peserta didik. Sebelum diberiÃÂ perlakuanÃÂ kedua ÃÂ sampelÃÂ diberiÃÂ tesÃÂ awalÃÂ untukÃÂ mengetahuiÃÂ kemampuan awalnya. Berdasarkan hasil uji homogenitas dan uji normalitas tes awal kedua sampel memiliki kemampuan awal yang sama dan terdistribusi normal. Hasil tes akhir penguasaan konsep diperoleh nilai rata- rata kelas eksperimen 68,69 dengan nilai tertinggi 95 dan nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol 59,67 denganÃÂ nilaiÃÂ tertinggiÃÂ 85.ÃÂ HipotesisÃÂ penelitian ÃÂ diujiÃÂ dengan ÃÂ Uji-tÃÂ polledÃÂ varians dengan taraf signifikansi 5%, dan diperoleh hasil thitung = 2,25, sedangkan ttabel = 2,00. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, thitung berarti lebih besar daripadaÃÂ ttabel, sehingga H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. ÃÂ Dengan ÃÂ demikian, ÃÂ dapat ÃÂ disimpulkan ÃÂ bahwa ÃÂ model ÃÂ pembelajaran ÃÂ inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan simulasiÃÂ virtualÃÂ berpengaruhÃÂ terhadap penguasaan konsep fisika peserta didik SMA.
La toma de decisiones de gobiernos y sectores de la sociedad, intuiciones y datos en tiempos de pandemia SARS-COVID-19
Authors: Acosta Ortiz Alida María 
Published: December 2020

Uno de los cuestionamientos más recurrentes durante la pandemia ha girado alrededor de la toma de decisiones y el tipo de evidencia que las respalda. Comparada con otras crisis como la económica del 2008, que principalmente afectó al sector financiero; o el escenario de malas decisiones durante la epidemia de la gripe aviar en la década de los setenta (1), la pandemia por COVID-19 ha afectado todo el sistema socioeconómico y generando incertidumbre ha aumentado la percepción de riesgo. Esto ha hecho que se requieran tiempos de respuesta más cortos, así como una reflexión del sistema de valores de las sociedades en el proceso de toma de decisiones. En este contexto, las evidencias provienen de diferentes sectores y de diferentes ramas del conocimiento. La pregunta que razonablemente surge entonces es: ¿A quién escuchar?
La rapidez con que se deben tomar las decisiones en tiempos de pandemia requiere un ajuste al modelo de toma de decisiones basado en evidencia que demanda información con alta credibilidad y libre de sesgos. Por ejemplo, el resultado de investigación científica de calidad. Supone además que la información disponible sea el resultado de un exhaustivo análisis y una evaluación metódica, además de accesible y fácil de entender.
En la actual coyuntura estos estrictos requerimientos son casi imposibles de atender. Se ha pasado de utilizar exclusivamente información de alta credibilidad, a aceptar información razonablemente creíble; de priorizar la información mediante una evaluación sistemática, se ha pasado a hacer una valoración desde la subjetividad del juicio profesional y la experiencia de quienes evalúan la información disponible.
Analysis of Promising Approaches to COVID-19 Vaccine Development
Authors: Onishchenko G. G. , Sizikova T. E. , Lebedev V. N. , Borisevich S. V. 
Published: December 2020

The number of confirmed COVID-19 cases worldwide amounted to 50 million at the beginning of November 2020. This is clearly not enough for the formation of herd immunity, which will prevent repeated outbreaks of the disease. Quarantine measures can only curb the spread of the disease to some extent, therefore specific preventive measures are needed to create collective immunity to COVID-19.The underlying principle of collective immunity is indirect protection of the whole of the population by immunising a certain part of it. Vaccination is the most effective approach to prevention of epidemic outbreaks. The aim of the study was to analyse promising approaches to the development of vaccines against novel coronavirus COVID-19 infection. The paper summarises data on development studies and clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccines conducted in different countries. It analyses the pros and cons of different platforms for vaccine development (attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, subunit vaccines, DNA and RNA vaccines, recombinant vector vaccines). The paper presents a potential design of novel vaccines. It was concluded that COVID-19 vaccines might be developed both for immunising high-risk groups and for mass immunisation. An optimal solution for the second task would be to develop human or monkey adenovirus vector-based vaccines whose mass production has already been unveiled.
General Characteristics of Adjuvants and Their Mechanism of Action (Part 1)
Authors: Alpatova N. A. , Avdeeva Zh. I. , Lysikova S. L. , Golovinskaya O. V. , Gayderova L. A. 
Published: December 2020

One of priority issues of the present-day healthcare system is development of new vaccines and improvement of existing ones due to decreasing immunocompetence of the population, emergence of new infections and reemergence of old ones which were previously thought to be under control. Adjuvants have proven to be integral and important components of modern vaccines, as they enhance immune response to the vaccine antigen. However, despite a lot of effort put into their development, only a small number of adjuvants are currently used in clinical practice.The aim of the study was to systematise literature data on the adjuvants’ mechanisms of action, their specific structure, composition, and stimulation effects that mediate their immunoadjuvant properties. The paper summarises data on adjuvants used as components in licensed vaccines, describes their characteristics, analyses molecular mechanisms of their action in order to establish correlation between their structure and activity, which is important for the development of more efficacious and safe adjuvants. The paper cites advanced developments aimed at enhancing stimulation effects of existing adjuvants. It concludes by stating that the key research area aimed at improving vaccination efficacy is the study of mechanisms that contribute to the development of effective protection against infectious agents, as well as analysis of how to use adjuvants to stimulate the body’s defensive mechanisms, primarily by impacting the innate immunity.
Study on Hemostimulating Properties of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor
Authors: Shimina G. G. , Bateneva A. V. , Gamaley S. G. , Esina T. I. , Tereshchenko T. G. , Danilenko E. D. 
Published: December 2020

The hemostimulating properties of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) make possible its clinical use in alleviating side effects of anti-cancer radio- and chemotherapy, in bone marrow transplantation, and in the treatment of some primary immunodeficiency conditions associated with leukopenia. The State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector” of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing has developed a high-performance technology for production of recombinant human GM-CSF (rhGM-CSF) based on a recombinant E. coli strain.The aim of the study was to assess hemostimulating activity of the rhGM-CSF preparation obtained using the new developed technology, as observed in cell culture and in the mice model of myelosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide administration.Materials and methods: in vitro evaluation of rhGM-CSF hemostimulating activity was performed by MTT assay in the commercial HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cell culture with preliminary suppression of cell growth rate by adding a low concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide to the medium. In vivo studies were carried out in CBA/CaLac mice with cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression. The hemostimulating properties of the drug were evaluated after subcutaneous administration of 1–175 µg/kg doses for 4–5 days, following administration of a cytostatic agent. The total number of leukocytes and the content of their morphological forms were determined in blood samples taken at different time points after the drug administration. The statistical processing of the experimental data was based on analysis of variance using Statgraphics v. 5.0 software.Results: the proliferative activity of HL-60 cells incubated with the rhGM-CSF preparation for 72 hours was shown to be dose-dependent. The highest values of the increase in proliferative activity associated with an increase in the drug dose were observed in the concentration range from 0.04 to 0.64 ng/mL (proliferative activity increased by 11–18% when the dose was increased twofold). The experiments in mice demonstrated a two-phase pattern of the dose-dependent effect. The drug showed the highest hemostimulating effect at the dose of 90 µg/kg.Conclusions: the rhGM-CSF preparation obtained using the new developed technology has a pronounced hemostimulating activity confirmed by both in vitro and in vivo test systems.
Placental thickness: A Sonographic Indicator of Gestational Age in Normal Singleton Pregnancies
Authors: Basnet Prabhat , Adhikary Riddhi 
Published: December 2020

Background: Presently the most effective way to date pregnancy is by use of ultrasound. Several sonographically derived fetal parameters used to date pregnancy include fetal crown - rump length (CRL), biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), femur length (FL),and abdominal circumference (AC). Placental thickness measured at the level of the umbilical cord insertion can be used as a new parameter to estimate gestational age of the fetus. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between placental thickness and gestational age of the fetus. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in the College of Medical Science and Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal among 150 patients with normal singleton pregnancies presenting for routine antenatal visit of all gestational ages from 11 weeks to 40 weeks. Patients with pregnancy induced hypertension, diabetes mellitus, intrauterine growth retardation, hydrops foetalis, congenital malformation and twins are excluded. Placental thickness value, in mm, was calculated by averaging the three best measurements for each case. We studied the relationship of placental thickness, in mm, measured at the level of insertion of umbilical cord with advancing gestational age in weeks. Correlation of mean placental thickness with gestational age from 11 weeks to 40 weeks was calculated. Results: It was observed that the placental thickness gradually increased from approximately 11 mm at 11 weeks to 38.33 mm at 40 weeks of gestation. From 11 to 34 weeks of gestation, the placental thickness (in mm) almost matched the gestational age in weeks, thereafter from 35 to 40 weeks; the placental thickness was lower by 1 to 2 mm. Conclusion: The relationship between the placental thickness and gestational age was linear and direct. Placental thickness (in mm) measurement can be an important additional parameter for estimating gestational age along with other parameters especially from 11 to 34 weeks of gestation.