bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facilitating All‐Inorganic Halide Perovskites Fabrication in Confined‐Space Deposition
Authors: Wang Renyan , Muhammad Yasar , Xu Xiang , Ran Meng , Zhang Qingfu , Zhong Junchuan , Zhuge Fuwei , Li Huiqiao , Gan Lin , Zhai Tianyou 
Published: April 2020

Abstract2D all‐inorganic halide perovskites (2D AIHP) have attracted huge attention for their excellent optoelectronic properties and superior atmospheric stability for organic–inorganic halide perovskites. 2D AIHP has been fabricated by varied strategies, whereas a satisfied way to simultaneously reach good quality, dimensions, and uniformity is still far from achieved yet. Here, a direct thermal deposition method to synthesize 2D AIHP of lateral length up to ≈30 µm and uniform thickness down to ≈10 nm, which shows excellent optoelectronic performance comparable to the reported top‐level 2D AIHP, is proposed. A vertical mass transport instead of conventional horizontal mode is adopted, significantly enhancing the deposition stability. Furthermore, the morphologies of AIHP are switchable between nanowires and nanoflakes under the control of deposition temperature. This method may pave the way for uniform fabrication of 2D AIHP or AIHP‐based 2D heterostructures for various applications.
Modification of Starches with Different Amylose/Amylopectin‐Ratios Using the Dual Approach with Hydroxypropylation and Subsequent Acid‐Thinning—Impacts on Morphological and Molecular Characteristics
Authors: Ulbrich Marco , Flöter Eckhard 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCommercial starches with different amylose (AM)/amylopectin (AP)‐ratios (waxy potato: WxPS, regular potato: PS, high AM corn: HACS) are hydroxypropylated (HP, pilot plant scale, two levels) and subsequently acid‐thinned (AT, laboratory scale) to produce dual‐modified samples. The gradation of the molar substitution (MS) obtained is significant for each starch basis. Investigation by means of scanning electron microscopy reveals a basically intact granular structure with surface defects. The molecular properties are comprehensively characterized using size exclusion chromatography‐multi angle laser light scattering‐differential refractive index detection (SEC‐MALS‐DRI) and corresponding conventional calibration (SEC‐cal‐DRI). The evaluation of the molecular data (MS and weight average molar mass, Mw) by means of statistical analysis (ANOVA) identifies statistically significant impacts with respect to the starch type, the substitution level, and the AT treatment.
Designer drugs: mechanism of action and adverse effects
Authors: Luethi Dino , Liechti Matthias E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPsychoactive substances with chemical structures or pharmacological profiles that are similar to traditional drugs of abuse continue to emerge on the recreational drug market. Internet vendors may at least temporarily sell these so-called designer drugs without adhering to legal statutes or facing legal consequences. Overall, the mechanism of action and adverse effects of designer drugs are similar to traditional drugs of abuse. Stimulants, such as amphetamines and cathinones, primarily interact with monoamine transporters and mostly induce sympathomimetic adverse effects. Agonism at μ-opioid receptors and γ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) or GABAB receptors mediates the pharmacological effects of sedatives, which may induce cardiorespiratory depression. Dissociative designer drugs primarily act as N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonists and pose similar health risks as the medically approved dissociative anesthetic ketamine. The cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor is thought to drive the psychoactive effects of synthetic cannabinoids, which are associated with a less desirable effect profile and more severe adverse effects compared with cannabis. Serotonergic 5-hydroxytryptamine-2A (5-HT2A) receptors mediate alterations of perception and cognition that are induced by serotonergic psychedelics. Because of their novelty, designer drugs may remain undetected by routine drug screening, thus hampering evaluations of adverse effects. Intoxication reports suggest that several designer drugs are used concurrently, posing a high risk for severe adverse effects and even death.
Translated simple modules for Lie algebras and simple supermodules for Lie superalgebras
Authors: Chen Chih-Whi , Coulembier Kevin , Mazorchuk Volodymyr 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe prove that the tensor product of a simple and a finite dimensional$${\mathfrak {sl}}_n$$sln-module has finite type socle. This is applied to reduce classification of simple$${\mathfrak {q}}(n)$$q(n)-supermodules to that of simple$${\mathfrak {sl}}_n$$sln-modules. Rough structure of simple$${\mathfrak {q}}(n)$$q(n)-supermodules, considered as$${\mathfrak {sl}}_n$$sln-modules, is described in terms of the combinatorics of category$${\mathcal {O}}$$O.
Integration of proteomics with CT-based qualitative and radiomic features in high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients: an exploratory analysis
Authors: Beer Lucian , Sahin Hilal , Bateman Nicholas W. , Blazic Ivana , Vargas Hebert Alberto , Veeraraghavan Harini , Kirby Justin , Fevrier-Sullivan Brenda , Freymann John B. , Jaffe C. Carl , Brenton James , Miccó Maura , Nougaret Stephanie , Darcy Kathleen M. , Maxwell G. Larry , Conrads Thomas P. , Huang Erich , Sala Evis 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the association between CT imaging traits and texture metrics with proteomic data in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC).

Methods
This retrospective, hypothesis-generating study included 20 patients with HGSOC prior to primary cytoreductive surgery. Two readers independently assessed the contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images and extracted 33 imaging traits, with a third reader adjudicating in the event of a disagreement. In addition, all sites of suspected HGSOC were manually segmented texture features which were computed from each tumor site. Three texture features that represented intra- and inter-site tumor heterogeneity were used for analysis. An integrated analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic data identified proteins with conserved expression between primary tumor sites and metastasis. Correlations between protein abundance and various CT imaging traits and texture features were assessed using the Kendall tau rank correlation coefficient and the Mann-Whitney U test, whereas the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was reported as a metric of the strength and the direction of the association. P values < 0.05 were considered significant.

Results
Four proteins were associated with CT-based imaging traits, with the strongest correlation observed between the CRIP2 protein and disease in the mesentery (p < 0.001, AUC = 0.05). The abundance of three proteins was associated with texture features that represented intra-and inter-site tumor heterogeneity, with the strongest negative correlation between the CKB protein and cluster dissimilarity (p = 0.047, τ = 0.326).

Conclusion
This study provides the first insights into the potential associations between standard-of-care CT imaging traits and texture measures of intra- and inter-site heterogeneity, and the abundance of several proteins.

Key Points
• CT-based texture features of intra- and inter-site tumor heterogeneity correlate with the abundance of several proteins in patients with HGSOC.
• CT imaging traits correlate with protein abundance in patients with HGSOC.
Impact of Assimilation of Radiosonde and UAV Observations from the Southern Ocean in the Polar WRF Model
Authors: Sun Qizhen , Vihma Timo , Jonassen Marius O. , Zhang Zhanhai 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWeather forecasting in the Southern Ocean and Antarctica is a challenge above all due to the rarity of observations to be assimilated in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. As observations are expensive and logistically challenging, it is important to evaluate the benefit that additional observations could bring to NWP. Atmospheric soundings applying unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have a large potential to supplement conventional radiosonde sounding observations. Here, we applied UAV and radiosonde sounding observations from an RV Polarstern cruise in the ice-covered Weddell Sea in austral winter 2013 to evaluate the impact of their assimilation in the Polar version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (Polar WRF) model. Our experiments revealed small to moderate impacts of radiosonde and UAV data assimilation. In any case, the assimilation of sounding data from both radiosondes and UAVs improved the analyses of air temperature, wind speed, and humidity at the observation site for most of the time. Further, the impact on the results of 5-day-long Polar WRF experiments was often felt over distances of at least 300 km from the observation site. All experiments succeeded in capturing the main features of the evolution of near-surface variables, but the effects of data assimilation varied between different cases. Due to the limited vertical extent of the UAV observations, the impact of their assimilation was limited to the lowermost 1–2-km layer, and assimilation of radiosonde data was more beneficial for modeled sea level pressure and near-surface wind speed.
MIEO: a micro-invasive endoscopic operation port system for transluminal interventions—an acute and survival porcine study
Authors: Wilhelm D. , Vogel T. , Jell A. , Brunner S. , Kranzfelder M. , Wantia N. , Feussner H. , Ostler D. , Koller S. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
A reliable and sterile access through the intestinal wall to ease flexible endoscopic transluminal interventions is still appealing but lacks a suitable port system.

Methods
In a granted industry cooperation, we developed the MIEO-Port, a flexible three components overtube system that provides a temporary hermetic sealing of the intestinal wall to allow endoscopic disinfection and manipulation to gain access to the abdominal cavity. The port features an innovative head part which allows for coupling the port to the intestinal wall by vacuum suction and for controlled jetting the isolated intestinal surface with a disinfectant. The device was tested in vivo in 6 pigs for acute and long-term usability. All animal tests were approved by the local ethics committee.

Results
In the acute experiment, the port system supported sealed endoscopic mucosa resection and transluminal cholecystectomy. In the survival study on 5 animals, the MIEO-Port proved its reliability after transcolonic peritoneoscopy. In one animal, a port dislocation occurred after extensive retroperitoneal preparation, one animal revealed bacterial contamination at necropsy; however, all animals showed a favourable course over ten days and offered no signs of peritonitis or abscedation during post-mortem examination.

Discussion
To the best of our knowledge, the MIEO-Port system is the first device to provide a reliable and sterile flexible access to the peritoneal cavity that can be used throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract regardless of the access route and which combines hermetic sealing with local sterilization. Further studies are warranted.
Why do depression, conduct, and hyperactivity symptoms co-occur across adolescence? The role of stable and dynamic genetic and environmental influences
Authors: Waszczuk Monika A. , Zavos Helena M. S. , Eley Thalia C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDepression, conduct, and hyperactivity symptoms are chronic and frequently co-occur in adolescence. Common genetic and environmental vulnerability to these conditions have previously been demonstrated, however, the manner in which common versus disorder-specific etiological influences operate across development and maintain symptom co-occurrence is unclear. Thus, the current study investigated the role of common genetic and environmental influences in the comorbidity of depression, conduct, and hyperactivity across adolescence. Over 10,000 twins and their parents reported adolescents’ symptoms at mean ages 11 and 16 years. Biometric independent pathway models were fitted to estimate genetic and environmental contributions to the continuity of symptom co-occurrence over time, as well as time‐ and symptom‐specific influences. Results found that a common stable genetic factor accounted for the concurrent and longitudinal co-occurrence of depression, conduct, and hyperactivity symptoms. New genetic influences common to these three symptom scales emerged at 16 years, and further contributed to symptom co-occurrence. Conversely, environmental influences largely contributed to the time-specific associations. The findings were generally consistent for self- and parent-reported symptoms. Overall, the results suggest that stable, overlapping genetic influences contribute to the co-occurrence of depression, conduct, and hyperactivity symptoms across adolescence. The results are in line with hierarchical causal models of psychopathology, which posit that much of the developmental co-occurrence between different symptoms is due to common liability. Specifically, current findings indicate that only genetic influences constitute common liability over time. Future studies should identify genetically influenced transdiagnostic risk and maintenance factors to inform prevention and treatment of comorbid internalizing and externalizing symptoms in adolescence.
Influence of electron acceptor availability and microbial community structure on sedimentary methane oxidation in a boreal estuary
Authors: Myllykangas Jukka-Pekka , Rissanen Antti J. , Hietanen Susanna , Jilbert Tom 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMethane is produced microbially in vast quantities in sediments throughout the world’s oceans. However, anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) provides a near-quantitative sink for the produced methane and is primarily responsible for preventing methane emissions from the oceans to the atmosphere. AOM is a complex microbial process that involves several different microbial groups and metabolic pathways. The role of different electron acceptors in AOM has been studied for decades, yet large uncertainties remain, especially in terms of understanding the processes in natural settings. This study reports whole-core incubation methane oxidation rates along an estuarine gradient ranging from near fresh water to brackish conditions, and investigates the potential role of different electron acceptors in AOM. Microbial community structure involved in different methane processes is also studied in the same estuarine system using high throughput sequencing tools. Methane oxidation in the sediments was active in three distinct depth layers throughout the studied transect, with total oxidation rates increasing seawards. We find extensive evidence of non-sulphate AOM throughout the transect. The highest absolute AOM rates were observed below the sulphate-methane transition zone (SMTZ), strongly implicating the role of alternative electron acceptors (most likely iron and manganese oxides). However, oxidation rates were ultimately limited by methane availability. ANME-2a/b were the most abundant microbial phyla associated with AOM throughout the study sites, followed by ANME-2d in much lower abundances. Similarly to oxidation rates, highest abundances of microbial groups commonly associated with AOM were found well below the SMTZ, further reinforcing the importance of non-sulphate AOM in this system.
Modeling the structure and dynamics of transnational illicit networks: an application to cigarette trafficking
Authors: Meneghini Cecilia , Aziani Alberto , Dugato Marco 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMany illicit markets are transnational in nature: illicit products are consumed in a country different from the one in which they were produced. Therefore, reconstructing the trafficking network and estimating the size of cross-border illicit flows are crucial steps to gain better understanding of these crimes and to enforce actions aimed at countering them. In this respect, the present study outlines a methodology with which to map and size illicit flows and applies it in estimation of transnational cigarette trafficking flows. The proposed methodology traces each step in the paths followed by illicit cigarettes flowing from their origin to the final consumption country and then estimates the quantity of cigarettes moving between each pair of countries. It exploits data on consumption of illicit cigarettes in 57 countries located in Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia, and North Africa, together with data on seizure cases and geographical information for 158 countries worldwide. These data are combined by a function that assigns a likelihood value of illicit cigarettes being transported between any pair of countries. An algorithm is then implemented in order to identify the most likely paths from the origin to the destination country. By merging results for all the different combinations of origins and destinations, this study estimates the size of all cross-border illicit flows and reconstructs a dynamic transnational cigarette trafficking network for the period 2008–2017. The results highlight the multifaceted role of countries in the cigarette trafficking network, the emergence of identifiable cigarette trafficking routes, and the evolution over time of the structure of this transnational illicit network. Finally, the paper discusses how the methodology developed could be adapted to the study of other transnational crimes.
Ein Impuls, Resonanz oder Freiheit – was begründet kritische Gesellschaftstheorie?
Authors: Ellmers Sven 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungDie gegenwärtige Debatte um die normativen Grundlagen kritischer Gesellschaftstheorie weist eine große Bandbreite ethischer Positionen auf: vom (meta-)ethischen Negativismus, der gänzlich auf einen positiven Kritik-Maßstab verzichtet, über Entfremdungs- und Resonanztheorien, die zumindest eine grobe Vorstellung des guten Lebens vermitteln wollen, bis hin zu deontologischen Ansätzen, die Gesellschaftskritik in intelligibler Freiheit begründet sehen. Der folgende Beitrag zeigt, dass diese drei Grundpositionen sich mit Problemen konfrontiert sehen, die der hegelsche Freiheitsbegriff zu lösen vermag.
Comparison of visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) score in evaluation of post septoplasty patients
Authors: Shukla Radhika Hiren , Nemade Sanjana Vijay , Shinde Kiran Jaywant 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveTo compare and correlate the efficacy of the NOSE score & the VAS score in determining the symptomatic benefit in patients undergoing septoplasty.Materials and methodsEighty patients with deviated nasal septum undergoing septoplasty were included in the study. NOSE score & VAS score (out of 100) was documented before and after surgery. Results were correlated and compared statistically.ResultsIn the NOSE score, the most bothersome symptom was trouble breathing through the nose (85.83); followed by Nasal obstruction or blockage (82.50). Wilcoxon test showed significant improvement with NOSE score and VAS score in all patients at 1 month and 3 months. Spearman's coefficient showed a positive correlation between the two, though the score improvement and patient satisfaction rate was significantly high with NOSE score.ConclusionsNOSE score and the VAS score both provide effective framework for evaluating treatment responses after septoplasty. However, the NOSE score showed higher improvement and better patient satisfaction rate when used to measure of nasal obstruction as compared to the VAS score.
Planning for patient-reported outcome implementation: Development of decision tools and practical experience across four clinics
Authors: Nelson Therese A. , Anderson Brigitte , Bian Jiang , Boyd Andrew D. , Burton Shirley V. , Davis Kristina , Guo Yi , Harris Bhrandon A. , Hynes Kelly , Kochendorfer Karl M. , Liebovitz David , Martin Kayla , Modave François , Moses John , Soulakis Nicholas D. , Weinbrenner Donald , White Sonya H. , Rothrock Nan E. , Valenta Annette L. , Starren Justin B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroduction:Many institutions are attempting to implement patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures. Because PROs often change clinical workflows significantly for patients and providers, implementation choices can have major impact. While various implementation guides exist, a stepwise list of decision points covering the full implementation process and drawing explicitly on a sociotechnical conceptual framework does not exist.Methods:To facilitate real-world implementation of PROs in electronic health records (EHRs) for use in clinical practice, members of the EHR Access to Seamless Integration of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Consortium developed structured PRO implementation planning tools. Each institution pilot tested the tools. Joint meetings led to the identification of critical sociotechnical success factors.Results:Three tools were developed and tested: (1) a PRO Planning Guide summarizes the empirical knowledge and guidance about PRO implementation in routine clinical care; (2) a Decision Log allows decision tracking; and (3) an Implementation Plan Template simplifies creation of a sharable implementation plan. Seven lessons learned during implementation underscore the iterative nature of planning and the importance of the clinician champion, as well as the need to understand aims, manage implementation barriers, minimize disruption, provide ample discussion time, and continuously engage key stakeholders.Conclusions:Highly structured planning tools, informed by a sociotechnical perspective, enabled the construction of clear, clinic-specific plans. By developing and testing three reusable tools (freely available for immediate use), our project addressed the need for consolidated guidance and created new materials for PRO implementation planning. We identified seven important lessons that, while common to technology implementation, are especially critical in PRO implementation.
In search of predictive models for stenolaemate morphometry across the skeletal–polypide divide
Authors: Tamberg Yuta , Smith Abigail M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMarine bryozoans have been members of benthic skeletal faunas since the Ordovician. These small suspension feeders collect particles in the range of 10 to 100 μm. Specific details of their feeding depend on the morphology of the feeding apparatus, which may be reflected in skeletal characters. While several studies have described the link between the skeletal and soft-body traits of gymnolaemate bryozoans, stenolaemates have received less attention. To fill this gap, we conducted a detailed analysis of morphometry within and across species and attempted to develop robust predictive models that can be used to infer the soft-body morphology from skeletal data. This, in turn, will help with extracting data on ecology of Paleozoic communities of suspension feeders from the extensive bryozoan fossil record. Characters of polypide morphology among New Zealand cyclostomates (single Recent order in Stenolaemata) displayed staggering variability and almost without exception were not connected to skeletal characters at the species level. When this variability is reduced to its central tendency, interspecific trends are more apparent. The relationship is positive, linear, and moderately strong, but the resulting models have wide predictive intervals (plus/minus hundreds of micrometers). A precise estimate of the characters of the feeding apparatus of modern, and especially fossil, stenolaemates may be difficult to attain, at least on the basis of the skeletal traits used here.