bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potent‐By‐Design: Amino Acids Mimicking Porous Nanotherapeutics with Intrinsic Anticancer Targeting Properties
Authors: Wu Zhuoran , Lim Hong Kit , Tan Shao Jie , Gautam Archana , Hou Han Wei , Ng Kee Woei , Tan Nguan Soon , Tay Chor Yong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractExogenous sources of amino acids are essential nutrients to fuel cancer growth. Here, the increased demand for amino acid displayed by cancer cells is unconventionally exploited as a design principle to replete cancer cells with apoptosis inducing nanoscopic porous amino acid mimics (Nano‐PAAM). A small library consisting of nine essential amino acids nanoconjugates (30 nm) are synthesized, and the in vitro anticancer activity is evaluated. Among the Nano‐PAAMs, l‐phenylalanine functionalized Nano‐PAAM (Nano‐pPAAM) has emerged as a novel nanotherapeutics with excellent intrinsic anticancer and cancer‐selective properties. The therapeutic efficacy of Nano‐pPAAM against a panel of human breast, gastric, and skin cancer cells could be ascribed to the specific targeting of the overexpressed human large neutral amino acid transporter SLC7A5 (LAT‐1) in cancer cells, and its intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducing properties of the nanoporous core. At the mechanistic level, it is revealed that Nano‐pPAAM could activate both the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways to exert a potent “double‐whammy” anticancer effect. The potential clinical utility of Nano‐pPAAM is further investigated using an MDA‐MB‐231 xenograft in NOD scid gamma mice, where an overall suppression of tumor growth by 60% is achieved without the aid of any drugs or application of external stimuli.
Increasing the production of extracellular biosurfactants from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Zaparoli Munise , Kreling Naiara Elisa , Colla Luciane Maria 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBiosurfactants possess surface and interfacial activity, low toxicity, high biodegradability, and stability in wide ranges of pH and temperature, which makes them competitive against the existing synthetic surfactants. However, economic aspects are still a barrier to the application in industrial scale. In order to optimize the production processes, the aim was to evaluate the production of extracellular biosurfactants from Saccharomyces cerevisiae using cellular stress techniques. The yeast was tested for six different stress conditions: ethanol, hydrogen peroxide, pH, temperature, ultraviolet radiation, and freezing/thawing. After exposure to different levels of stress, the biosurfactant production was verified from the formation of stable emulsions and reduction of the surface tension of the culture medium. Results showed a higher resistance of the yeast to stressors, being the highest yields found in ultraviolet radiation and hydrogen peroxide, reaching 1.39 and 1.16 UE d−1, respectively. Highest surface tension reduction (11 mN m−1 d−1 in 1 d of fermentation) was obtained for the strain stressed by ethanol at 50%. A positive influence was observed in the use of stress techniques over productivity, indicating the production of extracellular biosurfactants, which could low the costs with the downstream process of these bioproducts.
Medium-induced gluon radiation with full resummation of multiple scatterings for realistic parton-medium interactions
Authors: Andres Carlota , Apolinário Liliana , Dominguez Fabio 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The new precision era of jet quenching observables at both RHIC and the LHC calls for an improved and more precise description of in-medium gluon emissions. The development of new theoretical tools and analytical calculations to tackle this challenge has been hampered by the inability to include the effects of multiple scatterings with the medium using a realistic model for the parton-medium interactions. In this paper, we show how the analytical expressions for the full in-medium spectrum, including the resummation of all multiple scatterings, can be written in a form where the numerical evaluation can be easily performed without the need of the usually employed harmonic or single hard approximations. We present the transverse momentum and energy-dependent medium- induced gluon emission distributions for known realistic interaction models to illustrate how our framework can be applied beyond the limited kinematic regions of previous calculations.
An Existence Theory for Small-Amplitude Doubly Periodic Water Waves with Vorticity
Authors: Lokharu E. , S. Seth D. , Wahlén E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe prove the existence of three-dimensional steady gravity-capillary waves with vorticity on water of finite depth. The waves are periodic with respect to a given two-dimensional lattice and the relative velocity field is a Beltrami field, meaning that the vorticity is collinear to the velocity. The existence theory is based on multi-parameter bifurcation theory.
No reduced patellar loading with latest-generation cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty—a comparative study of Attune and Press-Fit Condylar®
Authors: Schiapparelli Filippo-Franco , Ahmadi Puja , Amsler Felix , Hirschmann Michael T. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate if the latest-generation cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty (CR-TKA) systems through more patella-friendly femoral trochlea reduce the patellar bone loading.

Methods
Twenty patients who underwent Attune CR-TKA were matched with twenty-one patients who underwent Press-Fit Condylar® (PFC) CR-TKA. The patella was always preserved. The in vivo patellar loading was measured twice by two blinded observers and localised on an 8-quadrant grid on 1-year post-operatively SPECT/CT images. The position of the TKA components, patella height, thickness, tilt, and tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove index were measured in 3D CT. Knee function was assessed pre-operatively, at 12 and 24 months post-operatively with the knee society score (KSS). All data were compared between groups with the Mann-Whitney U test and within groups with Spearman’s correlation.

Results
A significantly higher bone tracer uptake (BTU) was seen in the Attune group in the lateral non-articular patellar quadrants. No other significant differences of the BTU were seen. The post-operative KSS did not differ significantly. Spearman’s correlation showed no correlations between the significantly higher BTU of the lateral non-articular patellar quadrants and the position of the TKA and patellar measurements. All patellar measurements did not correlate with bone stress in SPECT/CT.

Conclusion
No significant improvement in terms of in vivo patellar bone stress was seen with the latest-generation CR-TKA system. The increased bone stress at the non-articular lateral patellar quadrants of the Attune could be due to higher stabilising quadriceps forces.
Cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure in clinical practice – a prospective study
Authors: Bø Siri Hylleraas , Lundqvist Christofer 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Measurement of CSF opening pressure (CSFOP) is valuable and much used in the investigation of several neurological conditions. However, there are different opinions regarding reference values and influence of age, gender and body mass index (BMI). We have, in a previous study, noted possible differences in CSFOP between gender and age groups. Here the aim was to collect information regarding normal distribution of CSFOP in an out-patient sample and also include BMI.

Methods
We collected CSFOP from a lumbar puncture, following a standardized procedure, performed in an ordinary neurological out-patient sample. Age, gender and BMI was also registered. Descriptive statistics and linear regression was used.

Results
339 patients with a normal distribution of age and BMI were included consecutively (60% females). We found a mean CSFOP of 17.5 H2O (range 4.0–30.0). In multivariable linear regression, age, gender and BMI all independently affected CSFOP. Male gender (β = 1.5, p = 0.002), lower age (β =  – 0.095, p < 0.001) and higher BMI (β = 0.42, p < 0.001) were all associated with higher CSFOP.

Conclusion
Using two standard deviations, we provide suggestions for CSFOP limits with respect to gender, age and BMI. Our results suggest that CSFOP cut-offs for pathological intracranial hypertension should be raised with these factors taken into consideration. As a “rule-of-thumb” we suggest the following cut-offs: for males < 30 cm H2O (< 25 if over age 70), and for females < 25 cm H2O (27.5 if over 30 BMI). A diagnosis of intracranial hypertension should not be given without such considerations.
Experimental drought indirectly enhances the individual performance and the abundance of an invasive annual weed
Authors: Mojzes Andrea , Ónodi Gábor , Lhotsky Barbara , Kalapos Tibor , Kröel-Dulay György 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDuring environmental change, invasive species may be favored by increased resource input or reduced resource use of the resident community. Plasticity in certain plant traits of invasive species may be one possible mechanism behind their ability to quickly exploit unused resources. We tested whether rainfall manipulations (severe drought, moderate drought, watering) alter the growth and reproductive success of the invasive annual Conyza canadensis, and if it translates into a change in the abundance of the species in a semiarid perennial grassland in Central Hungary. Overall, C. canadensis exhibited greater individual performance and higher abundance in drought plots than in control and watered plots. At individual level, plants showed the strongest response to moderate drought: they grew 2.5-times taller than in control and watered plots, and produced twice and 2.5-times more seeds than in watered and control plots, respectively. Reproductive phenology was advanced in response to rain exclusions. Although severe drought caused 40% mortality, the cumulative performance of C. canadensis, expressed as plot-level aboveground biomass, was consistently greater in severe drought plots than in control and watered plots throughout the 3 years of the study. The higher performance of C. canadensis in drought plots is most likely due to the decreased abundance and, thus, decreased competitive effect of previously dominant perennial grasses caused by the rain exclusions. We conclude that drier summers that suppress perennial grasses will favor this alien annual forb, and phenotypic plasticity in growth and reproduction may contribute to its invasion success.
Materialism and the Experience of Flow
Authors: Isham Amy , Gatersleben Birgitta , Jackson Tim 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe need to locate ways of living that can be both beneficial to personal well-being and ecologically sustainable is becoming increasingly important. Flow experiences show promise for the achievement of personal and ecological well-being. However, it is not yet understood how the materialistic values promoted by our consumer cultures may impact our ability to experience flow. A cross-sectional survey of 451 people demonstrated that materialistic values and an individual’s tendency to experience flow were negatively correlated (Study 1). Next we showed that experimentally priming a materialistic mind-set led to poorer quality flow experiences in a sample of students (Study 2) and British adults (Study 3). Our findings add to current understandings of the detrimental consequences of materialistic values and suggest that it is crucial to challenge the materialistic values present within our consumer societies if we are to provide opportunities for experiencing flow.
Rethinking the Use of Statistical Evidence to Prove Causation in Criminal Cases: A Tale of (Im)Probability and Free Will
Authors: Pundik Amit 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWhenever a litigant needs to prove that a certain result was caused in a specific way, what could be more compelling than citing the infinitesimal probability of that result emanating from an alternative natural cause? Contrary to this intuitive position, in the present article, I argue that the contention that a result was due to a certain cause should remain unaffected by statistical evidence of the extremely low probability of an alternative cause. The only scenario in which the low probability of a natural cause would be relevant to the case at hand is if it were contrasted with another piece of statistical evidence: the frequency of the criminal activity among people who are similar to the accused. However, by connecting the use of probabilistic generalisations in legal fact-finding to the issue of free will, I hold that, in Criminal Law, contrasting frequencies in this manner is objectionable—as a matter of principle—regardless of how reliable the statistical analysis is. Consequently, if the low probability of a natural cause is probative only if contrasted with another piece of statistical evidence that is objectionable, then neither piece of evidence should be admitted in criminal trials.
Newspapers as a validation proxy for GIS modeling in Fujairah, United Arab Emirates: identifying flood-prone areas
Authors: Yagoub M. M. , Alsereidi Aishah A. , Mohamed Elfadil A. , Periyasamy Punitha , Alameri Reem , Aldarmaki Salama , Alhashmi Yaqein 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction listed 10 reasons businesses should reduce their disaster exposure, including risk factoring, which cannot be achieved without historical data about hazards, their locations, magnitudes, and frequencies. Substantial hazard data are reported by newspapers, which could add value to disaster management decision making. In this study, a text-mining program extracted keywords related to floods’ geographic location, date, and damages from newspaper analyses of flash floods in Fujairah, UAE, from 2000–2018. The paper describes extracting such information as well as geocoding and validating flood-prone areas generated through geographic information system (GIS) modeling. The generation of flood-prone areas was based on elevation, slope, land use, soil, and geology coupled with topographic wetness index, topographic position index, and curve number. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) produced relative weight for each factor, and GIS map algebra generated flood-prone areas. AHP inclusion helped minimize weight subjectivity among various experts. Of all areas, 85% are considered medium and low flood-prone zones, mainly mountainous areas. However, the 15% that are high/very high are dominated by urban areas in low coastal plains, predisposing them to flash floods. Eighty-four percent of flood events reported by newspapers were in areas rated as high/very high flood-prone zones. In the absence of flood records, newspapers reports can be used as a reference. Policymakers should assess whether flood-prone area models offer accurate analyses. These findings are useful for organizations related to disaster management, urban planning, insurance, archiving, and documentation.
The importance of specialized sleep investigations in children with a suprasellar tumor
Authors: van Schaik J. , Pillen S. , van Litsenburg R. R. L. , Vandenbussche N. L. E. , de Bont J. M. , Schouten-van Meeteren A. Y. N. , van Santen H. M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Disruption of sleep has great impact on quality of life. In children with a suprasellar tumor and hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, the circadian rhythm may be disturbed causing sleep problems. However, also other factors may influence sleep. Awareness of these different etiologies and careful history taking with appropriate additional diagnostics will aid in restoring sleep quality.

Methods
We present the workup of 4 cases with a suprasellar tumor and disturbances of sleep initiation, sleep maintenance, and daytime sleepiness. In parallel, we developed a flowchart, to aid clinicians in the diagnostics of sleep problems in children after treatment for a (supra) sellar brain tumor.

Results
All four patients, known with hypopituitarism, presented with sleep complaints and increased daytime sleepiness. In all four, the cause of sleep problems showed to be different. In the first case, sleep evaluation revealed a severe obstructive sleep apnea, whereupon nocturnal ventilation was started. The second case revealed poor sleep hygiene in combination with an obsessive compulsive disorder. Sleep hygiene was addressed and psychiatric consultation was offered. Dexamphetamine treatment was started to reduce her obsessive compulsive complaints. The third case showed a delayed sleep phase syndrome, which improved by educational support. The fourth case revealed a secondary organic hypersomnia for which modafinil treatment was started.

Conclusion
Sleep disturbances in children with hypopituitarism due to a (supra) sellar tumor can have different entities which require specific therapy. Awareness of these different entities is important to enable appropriate counseling. Referral to an expertise sleep center may be advised, if standard educational support is insufficient.
Language and Law in Multiethnic Societies: The Case of Transylvania
Authors: Veress Emőd 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTransylvania is a multiethnic society that was part of the Hungarian legal space for centuries. Still, after the WWI, this territory became part of Romania, alongside with a significant number of Hungarian-speaking minority population. What happened with Hungarian as a legal language after the annexation of Transylvania to Romania? The article deals with the history and current status of Hungarian legal language in Romania, emphasizing the frequent contradictions between legal texts and realities, the importance of political context, and fluctuations in the minority rights. The focus is on two problems: the language of legal education and the language of the court proceedings. There are arguments brought to prove the conditionality between these two at the intersection of history of legal education and minority rights.
S-methyl-L-cysteine Protects against Antimycin A-induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neural Cells via Mimicking Endogenous Methionine-centered Redox Cycle
Authors: Ni Lan , Guan Xin-lei , Chen Fu-feng , Wu Peng-fei 
Published: July 2020

SummaryMitochondrial superoxide overproduction is believed to be responsible for the neurotoxicity associated with neurodegeneration. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, such as MitoQ, have emerged as potentially effective antioxidant therapies. Methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) is a key mitochondrial-localized endogenous antioxidative enzyme and it can scavenge oxidizing species by catalyzing the methionine (Met)-centered redox cycle (MCRC). In this study, we observed that the natural L-Met acted as a good scavenger for antimycin A-induced mitochondrial superoxide overproduction in PC12 cells. This antioxidation was largely dependent on the Met oxidase activity of MsrA. S-methyl-L-cysteine (SMLC), a natural analogue of Met that is abundantly found in garlic and cabbage, could activate the Met oxidase activity of MsrA to scavenge free radicals. Furthermore, SMLC protected against antimycin A-induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization and alleviated 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced neurotoxicity. Thus, our data highlighted the possibility for SMLC supplement in the detoxication of mitochondrial damage by activating the Met oxidase activity of MsrA.
Erratum to: Polysubstituted Phenyl Glucosides Produced by the Fungus Metarrhizium anisopliae
Authors: Wang Wen-jing , Dai Chong , Wang Jian-ping , Zhu Hu-cheng , Chen Chun-mei , Zhang Yong-hui 
Published: July 2020

The article “Polysubstituted Phenyl Glucosides Produced by the Fungus Metarrhizium anisopliae”, written by Wen-jing WANG, Chong DAI, Jian-ping WANG, Hu-cheng ZHU, Chun-mei CHEN, Yong-hui ZHANG, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on May 2020 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice, the copyright of the article is changed to © The Author(s) 2020 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made..The original article has been corrected.
Correction to: A Survey on 3D Visual Tracking of Multicopters
Authors: Fu Qiang , Chen Xiang-Yang , He Wei 
Published: July 2020

The article A Survey on 3D Visual Tracking of Multicopters, written by Qiang Fu, Xiang-Yang Chen, Wei He, was originally published Online First without Open Access. After publication online first, the author decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication. Therefore, the copyright of the article has been changed to © The Author(s) 2019 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.The original article has been corrected.
Emerging Importance of Survivin in Stem Cells and Cancer: the Development of New Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Warrier Neerada Meenakshi , Agarwal Prasoon , Kumar Praveen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSurvivin is one of the rare proteins that is differentially expressed in normal and cancer cells and is directly or indirectly involved in numerous pathways required for tumor maintenance. It is expressed in almost all cancers and its expression has been detected at early stages of cancer. These traits make survivin an exceptionally attractive target for cancer therapeutics. Even with these promising features to be an oncotherapeutic target, there has been limited success in the clinical trials targeting survivin. Only recently it has emerged that survivin was not being specifically targeted which could have resulted in the negative clinical outcome. Also, focus of research has now shifted from survivin expression in the overall heterogeneous tumor cell populations to survivin expression in cancer stem cells as these cells have proved to be the major drivers of tumors. Therefore, in this review we have analyzed the expression of survivin in normal and cancer cells with a particular focus on its expression in cancer stem cell compartment. We have discussed the major signaling pathways involved in regulation of survivin. We have explored the current development status of various types of interventions for inhibition of survivin. Furthermore, we have discussed the challenges involving the development of potent and specific survivin inhibitors for cancer therapeutics. Finally we have given insights for some of the promising future anticancer treatments.