bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What is the Clinical Impact of an Analytic Tool for Predicting the Fall Risk in Inpatients on Nursing Sensitive Outcomes?
Authors: Cho Insook , Jin Insun , Park Hyunchul , Dykes Patricia C. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Patient falls remain a common cause of harm in acute-care hospitals worldwide. The purpose of this study was to explore whether an electronic analytic tool for predicting fall risk can improve clinical outcomes, including reducing inpatient falls in an acute-care setting.
Methods
We performed a double-blind experimental study that included a nonequivalent control group in 12 medical-surgical nursing units at a public hospital between May 2017 and April 2019. The intervention was the provision of risk prediction information generated by an analytic tool using nursing data obtained from the hospital’s electronic health record system. The primary outcome was the rate of falls, and secondary outcomes included fall-related injuries, the daily frequencies of nursing activities provided to patients and predefined process indicators.
Results
During the study there were 42,476 admissions, while 707 falls and 134 fall injuries occurred. The fall rate differed significantly between the two groups (1.79 vs. 2.11, t = 2.13, P = 0.0383), considering the interrupted time series analysis, a significant absolute reduction of 29.73% was noted in the intervention group (z = − 2.06, P = 0.0391), versus a 16.58% reduction in the control group (z = − 1.28, P = 0.2000). The injury rates were not significantly different (0.42 vs. 0.31, t = − 1.54, P = 0.1306). Patient-level-adjusted logistic regression showed a significant group effect on falls. Process outcomes on universal precautions were significantly better at the control units from baseline, while risk-targeted interventions increased slowly and more in the intervention group over time.
Conclusion
The introduction of an electronic analytic tool demonstrated the potential to contribute to improvement of patient outcomes, leading to positive, qualitative changes in process outcomes. Multihospital studies and combining this type of tool with efficient intervention strategies are needed to reduce both falls and fall-related injuries.
Trial registration:
Korean National Research Institute of Health, KCT0005286, Registered 4 August 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/en/search/search_result_st01.jsp?seq=16984
Extended interbody fusion using cortical bone trajectory screws vs. traditional pedicle screws in the treatment of adjacent segment disease after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion with pedicle screws: a retrospective case control study
Authors: Song Xin , Ren Dong lin , Han Shuai , Zhang Feng , Wang Jian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

To present two minimally invasive surgical techniques using cortical bone trajectory screws with posterior lumbar interbody fusion (CBT-PLIF) and traditional pedicle screws and a domino system with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TPS-Domino-TLIF) for adjacent segment disease (ASD) after lumbar fusion surgery, and compare the postoperative radiographic and clinical outcomes between the two techniques for ASD.
Methods

Of the 36 patients included in this study, 16 patients received CBT-PLIF and the other 20 patients received TPS-Domino-TLIF. Patient demographics, surgical data, complications, radiologic and clinical outcomes were evaluated and compared between the two groups.
Results

The surgical duration of TPS-Domino-TLIF was significantly shorter than that of CBT-PLIF (p < 0.001). There was less estimated blood loss (EBL) and a lower frequency of intra-operative fluoroscopy in TPS-Domino-TLIF as compared with CBT-PLIF (p < 0.001). The lumbar lordotic angle was improved both at immediate post-operation (p = 0.006) and the last follow-up (p = 0.007) in TPS-Domino-TLIF group as compared with CBT-PLIF group. The mean inter-vertebral height in TPS-Domino-TLIF group was significantly larger than that in CBT-PLIF group at immediate post-operation (p = 0.007) and the last follow-up (p = 0.005). The clinical outcomes in terms of the mean VAS-back, VAS-leg and ODI were improved significantly postoperatively in both groups.
Conclusions

As a more minimally invasive surgical technique for ASD, TPS-Domino-TLIF could be considered a viable alternative to the midline fusion technique using CBT.
Vaccination timeliness and associated factors among children aged 12-23 months in northwest Ethiopia: community-based study
Authors: Endalew Bekalu , Debie Ayal , Yazachew Lake 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: vaccines are the most effective preventive and success of public health to control and eradicate serious childhood diseases. Timely childhood vaccination can help for children to develop antibody against vaccine preventable diseases. Evidences on childhood vaccination timeliness, however, there are limited in developing countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing vaccination timeliness and associated factors among children aged 12 to 23 months in Jabitehnan district, northwest Ethiopia.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Jabitehnan district from February to March 2020. A total of 548 children aged 12-23 months were included using multi-stage and simple random sampling technique. Binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with vaccination timeliness. Adjusted odd ratio (AOR) with 95% CI and p-value less than 0.05 were used to declare statistically significant variables. Results: A total of 13.1% (95 % CI: 10.1-15.8) of children were received childhood vaccines in the recommended time interval. Higher level of maternal education (AOR: 2.73; 95% CI: 1.14-6.50), history of abortion (AOR: 3.45; 95%CI: 1.54-7.74), knowledge (AOR: 1.79; 95%CI: 1.10-3.18) and favorable attitude (AOR: 3.38; 95%CI: 1.83-6.24) were positively associated with vaccination timeliness. While home delivery (AOR: O.35; 95%CI: 0.18-0.68) and rural residence (AOR: 0.31; 95%CI: 0.14-0.65) were negatively associated. Conclusion: The overall childhood vaccination timeliness status was low in the study area. Children were received the first dose of vaccines within the recommended time relatively higher than the other doses/vaccines. Moreover, children were received measles vaccine earlier and BCG vaccine later than the acceptable time interval. Variables such as residence, maternal level of education, having history of abortion, place of delivery, knowledge and attitudes were affecting vaccination timeliness. Therefore, the policy planners and managers should give emphasis and incorporate vaccination timeliness in the childhood vaccination plan, and better to monitor and evaluate as one potential indicator to enhance the immune status of children. Health planners and managers should also improve women’s awareness to enhance their attitude towards childhood vaccination. Furthermore, it is better to promote institutional delivery service utilization to enhance childhood vaccination timeliness.
Integrated Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes and Construction of a Competing Endogenous RNA Network in Human Huntington Neural Progenitor Cells
Authors: Tan Xiaoping , Cong Shuyan , Liu Yang , Zhang Taiming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Huntington's disease (HD) is one of the most common polyglutamine disorders, leading to progressive dyskinesia, cognitive impairment, and neuropsychological problems. Besides the dysregulation of many protein-coding genes in HD, previous studies have revealed a variety of non-coding RNAs that are dysregulated in HD, including several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). However, an integrated analysis of differentially expressed (DE) genes based on a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network is still currently lacking. Results Here, we have systematically analyzed the gene expression profile data of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) derived from patients with HD and controls (healthy controls and the isogenic controls of HD patient cell lines corrected using CRISPR-Cas9 approach at the HTT locus, and we identified 490 DE mRNAs and 94 DE lncRNAs, respectively. Of these, 189 mRNAs and 20 lncRNAs were applied to create a ceRNA network. To learn more about the possible functions of lncRNAs in the ceRNA regulatory network in HD, we conducted a functional analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and established a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for mRNAs interacting with these lncRNAs. It is suggested that the function of DE lncRNAs mainly correlated with transcriptional regulation demonstrated by GO analysis. Also, KEGG enrichment analysis showed these lncRNAs were involved in tumor necrosis factor, calcium, Wnt, and NF-kappa B signaling pathways. Interestingly, the PPI network revealed that a variety of transcription factors in the ceRNA network interacted with each other, suggesting such lncRNAs may regulate transcription in HD by controlling the expression of such protein-coding genes, especially transcription factors. Conclusions Our research provides new clues for uncovering the mechanism of lncRNAs in HD and can be used as the focus for further investigation.
mTOR-dependent dysregulation of autophagy contributes to the retinal ganglion cell loss in streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Madrakhimov Sanjar Batirovich , Yang Jin Young , Kim Jin Ha , Han Jung Woo , Park Tae Kwann 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Neurodegeneration, an early event in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR), precedes clinically detectable microvascular damage. Autophagy dysregulation is considered a potential cause of neuronal cell loss, however underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) integrates diverse environmental signals to coordinate biological processes, including autophagy. Here, we investigated the role of mTOR signaling in neuronal cell death in diabetic retinopathy. Methods: Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and tissue samples were harvested at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 months of diabetes. Early-stage of diabetic retinopathy was investigated in 1-month-diabetic mice treated with phlorizin or rapamycin. The effect of autophagy modulation on retinal ganglion cells was investigated in 3-months-diabetic mice treated with phlorizin or MHY1485. Tissue samples obtained from treated/untreated diabetic mice and age-matched controls were used for Western blot and histologic analysis.Results: mTOR-related proteins and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) was upregulated at 1 month and downregulated in the following period up to 6 months. Diabetes-induced neurodegeneration was characterized by an increase of apoptotic marker – cleaved caspase 3, a decrease of the total number of cells, and NeuN immunoreactivity in the ganglion cell layer (GCL), as well as an increase of autophagic protein. Insulin-independent glycemic control restored the mTOR pathway activity and GLUT1 expression, along with a decrease of autophagic and apoptotic proteins in 3-months-diabetic mice neuroretina. However, blockade of autophagy using MHY1485 resulted in a more protective effect on ganglion cells compared with phlorizin treatment. Conclusion: Collectively, our study describes the mechanisms of neurodegeneration through the hyperglycemia/ mTOR/ autophagy/ apoptosis pathway.
Unveiling role of Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 as a brake of epithelial stem cell proliferation and a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer
Authors: Petti Luciana , Rizzo Giulia , Rubbino Federica , Elangovan Sudharshan , Colombo Piergiuseppe , Silvia Restelli , Piontini Andrea , Arena Vincenzo , Carvello Michele , Romano Barbara , Cavalleri Tommaso , Anselmo Achille , Ungaro Federica , D’Alessio Silvia , Spinelli Antonino , Stifter Sanja , Grizzi Fabio , Sgambato Alessandro , Danese Silvio , Laghi Luigi , Malesci Alberto , VETRANO STEFANIA 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) mediates pleiotropic functions encompassing cell proliferation, survival, and migration, which become collectively de-regulated in cancer. Information onto whether S1PR2 participates in colorectal carcinogenesis/cancer is scanty, and we set out to fill the gap.MethodsWe screened expression changes of S1PR2 in human CRC and matched normal mucosa specimens [N = 76]. We compared CRC arising in inflammation-driven and genetically engineered models in wild-type (S1PR2+/+) and S1PR2 deficient (S1PR2−/−) mice. We reconstituted S1PR2 expression in RKO cells and assessed their growth in xenografts. Functionally, we mimicked ablation of S1PR2 in normal mucosa by treating S1PR2+/+ organoids with JTE013, and characterized intestinal epithelial stem cells isolated from S1PR2−/−Lgr5-EGFP- mice.ResultsS1PR2 expression was lost in 33% of CRC; in 55%, it was significantly decreased, only 12% retaining expression comparable to normal mucosa. Both colitis-induced and genetic Apc+/min mouse models of CRC showed a higher incidence in size and number of carcinomas and/or high-grade adenomas, with increased cell proliferation in S1PR2−/− mice compared to S1PR2+/+ controls. Loss of S1PR2 impaired mucosal regeneration, ultimately promoting the expansion of intestinal stem cells. Whereas its overexpression attenuated cell cycle progression, it reduced the phosphorylation of AKT and augmented the levels of PTEN.ConclusionsIn normal colonic crypts, S1PR2 gains expression along with intestinal epithelial cells differentiation, but not in intestinal stem cells, and contrasts intestinal tumorigenesis by promoting epithelial differentiation, preventing the expansion of stem cells and braking their malignant transformation. Targeting of S1PR2 may be of therapeutic benefit for CRC expressing high Lgr5.
Large-area display textiles integrated with functional systems
Authors: Peng Huisheng , Shi Xiang , Zuo Yong , Zhai Peng , Shen Jiahao , Yang Yangyiwei , Gao Zhen , Liao Meng , Wang Jiawei , Xu Xiaojie , Tong Qi , Zhang Bo , Sun Xuemei , Zhang Lihua , Pei Qibing , Jin Dayong , Chen Peining 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Displays are basic building blocks of modern electronics1,2. Integrating displays into textiles offers exciting opportunities for smart electronic textiles – the ultimate form of wearables poised to change the way we interact with electronic devices3-6. Display textiles serve to bridge human-machine interactions7-9, offering for instance, a real-time communication tool for individuals with voice or speech disorders. Electronic textiles capable of communicating10, sensing11,12 and supplying electricity13,14 have been reported previously. However, textiles with functional, large-area displays have not been achieved so far because obtaining small illuminating units that are both durable and easy to assemble over a wide area is challenging. Here, we report a 6 m (L) * 25 cm (W) display textile containing 500000 electroluminescent (EL) units narrowly spaced to ~800 μm. Weaving conductive weft and luminescent warp fibres forms micron-scale EL units at the weft-warp contact points. Brightness between EL units deviates by < 6.3% and remains stable even when the textile is bent, stretched or pressed. We attribute this uniform and stable lighting to the smooth luminescent coating around the warp fibres and homogenous electric field distribution at the contact points. Our display textile is flexible and breathable and withstands repeatable machine-washing, making them suitable for practical applications. We show an integrated textile system consisting of display, keyboard and power supply can serve as a communication tool, which could potentially drive the Internet of Things in various areas including healthcare. Our approach unifies the fabrication and function of electronic devices with textiles, and we expect weaving fibre materials to shape the next-generation electronics.
CooC11 and CooC7: The Development and Validation of Age Appropriate Children’s Perceived Cooking Competence Measures
Authors: Dean Moira , Issartel Johann , Benson Tony , McCloat Amanda , Mooney Elaine , McKernan Claire , Dunne Laura , Brennan Sarah F , Moore Sarah E , McCarthy Danielle , Woodside Jayne V , Lavelle Fiona 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Learning cooking skills during childhood and adolescence is associated with positive dietary outcomes in adulthood as well as being tracked from adolescence to adulthood. In addition studies have found that perceived competence to be a greater motivator to perform a behaviour than actual competence. However, a lack of validated tools that effectively measure behavioural and dietary changes and other related measures in children is a limitation. Therefore, this research aimed to develop and validate age-appropriate perceived cooking competence measures for younger and older primary school aged children.
Methods
Two measures of perceived Cooking Competence (CooC11 and CooC7) for older (8–12 years) and younger (6–7 years) children were developed from a critical evaluation of publically available recommendations and expert consultation. The cooking skills within the measures were illustrated by a graphic designer in consultation with a chef and reviewed in an iterative manner by the research team. The measures were piloted for clarity, ease of use and initial face validity. Multiple studies were used for both CooC11 and CooC7 to establish psychometric properties of the measures, temporal stability, internal consistency reliability, construct validity, as well as responsiveness to change for CooC11. Analysis included Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Intraclass Correlation Coefficients, Pearson’s Correlations, ANOVAs and Cronbach’s Alphas.
Results
Both measures had high levels of face validity and received positive user feedback. Two factors were shown in both measures with the measures showing excellent temporal stability (ICC > 0.9) and good internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alphas > 0.7). Both measures showed initial discriminant validity, with significant differences (P < 0.001) between those who reported assisting their parents with dinner preparation and those who did not. Additionally, CooC11 was significantly correlated with an adult cooking measure and had a significant responsiveness to change (P < 0.01).
Conclusions
The CooC11 and CooC7 are the first validated age-appropriate measures for assessing children’s perceived Cooking Competence for ages 8–12 and 6–7 years respectively. They can be used to evaluate the efficacy of children’s cooking intervention studies or school nutrition education programmes.
Elevated liver fibrosis index FIB-4 is associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis, an observational cohort study
Authors: Zhu Xiaodan , Qin Xiaoyi , Pan Jingye , Hu Xiang , Zhou Wei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: No study for investigating the association between sub-clinical hepatic fibrosis and the outcomes of sepsis was performed before. Therefore, the purpose is to explore the association of liver fibrosis indexes with the outcomes of septic patients without overt chronic liver disease. Methods: We performed a cohort study using data extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care Ⅲ database (v1.4). The patient records of additional external validation were obtained from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Aspartate aminotransferase-platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS) were calculated with previous formulas. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality. The secondary outcomes were 90-day mortality, in-hospital mortality and renal replacement therapy (RRT). We assessed the associations of three indexes with primary and secondary outcomes using logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, we performed multivariable analysis, sensitivity analysis and additional external validation to verify the true strength of the results.Results: In the FIB-4-sepsis cohort (N = 1560), there was a statistically significant stepwise increase from Quartile 1 to Quartile 4 in the risk of 28-day mortality (Quartile 1: reference; Quartile 2: OR = 1.570, P = 0.061, 95%CI = 0.980–2.515; Quartile 3: OR = 2.363, P < 0.001, 95%CI = 1.512–3.692; Quartile 4: OR = 2.933, P < 0.001, 95%CI = 1.895–4.538). Similarly, the increased trends could also be found in all secondary outcomes for the FIB-4-sepsis cohort. However, no significant trends were observed in the APRI-sepsis and NFS-sepsis cohorts. The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression analysis and additional external validation showed good consistency.Conclusions: FIB-4 index was associated with 28-day mortality, 90-day mortality, in-hospital mortality and RRT in the septic patients without overt chronic liver disease. In other words, the high stage of sub-clinical hepatic fibrosis represented by FIB-4 could reflect the poor outcomes of patients with sepsis.
Global Impairment of Cerebral Perfusion Measured using Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Perfusion-Weighted Imaging in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Survivors: A Prospectively Preliminary Study
Authors: Kang Changshin , Lee In Ho , Park Jung Soo , You Yeonho , Yoo Insool , Cho Yong Chul , Jeong Wonjoon , Ahn Hong Joon , Kang Chan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion weighted imaging (DSC-PWI) is useful for measuring cerebral perfusion (CP). This study aimed to assess global impairment and the prognostic performance of CP parameters measured by DSC-PWI in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors.Methods: This is a single-centre, prospective observational study. OHCA survivors who underwent DSC-PWI within 6 h after restoration of spontaneous circulation were enrolled. CP parameters (cerebral blood volume [CBV], cerebral blood flow [CBF], mean transit time [MTT], time to peak [TTP], and time to the maximum of the residue function [Tmax]) were quantified by normalisation + leakage correction (LC) or by arterial input function (AIF) + LC. The primary outcome was survival to discharge; subjects who died due to withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy or who were diagnosed with brain death (BD) were included in non-survival. The secondary outcome was 6-months neurological outcome. CP parameters were compared across groups, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to assess prognostic performances.Results: Thirty-one subjects (male, 20; 64.5%) participated. Relative CBV (rCBV) and CBF (rCBF) quantified by normalisation + LC were significantly higher in the non-survival group (p=0.02 and p=0.03, respectively). The area under the ROC curves (AUROCs) and 100% specific sensitivities for non-survival were 0.75/31.3% and 0.73/25.0%, respectively. MTT and Tmax quantified by AIF + LC were significantly higher in non-survival (p=0.01 and p=0.01, respectively). Their AUROCs and 100% specific sensitivities were 0.77/56.3% and 0.76/43.8%, respectively. rCBV and rCBF quantified by normalisation + LC were significantly higher in the poor neurological outcome group (p<0.01 and p=0.02, respectively). The AUROCs and 100% specific sensitivities for poor neurological outcome were 0.81/23.8% and 0.77/19.1%, respectively. Tmax quantified by AIF + LC was significantly higher in poor neurological outcome (p=0.04). Its AUROC and 100% specific sensitivity were 0.74/33.3%.Conclusion: Hyperaemia and delayed CP were present in the non-survival and poor neurological outcome groups. MTT quantified by AIF + LC could be the most powerful parameter for predicting mortality or BD in OHCA survivors at an early stage of post cardiac arrest care. AIF may be more appropriate as quantifying method for CP in OHCA survivors than normalisation.