bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technical Note: Use of automation to eliminate shift errors
Authors: Covington Elizabeth L. , Popple Richard A. , Cardan Rex A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurposeTo create automated tools within the treatment planning system (TPS) that eliminate the common error pathway of providing incorrect shift instructions to therapists.Materials/MethodsTwo scripts were created within the TPS using the Eclipse API (Varian Medical Systems, Palo Alto, CA). One script detects whether or not the user origin has been placed correctly at the intersection of the simulation markers while the other calculates a shift instruction sheet that can be printed for treatment.ResultsAnalysis of our RO‐ILS database identified eight errors caused by improper setting of the user origin in the treatment planning system. The user origin script flagged all of the treatment plans for markers inconsistent with user origin. Automated calculation of shifts eliminated the error pathway of miscalculating or transcribing shift values.ConclusionAutomation can eliminate the common error pathway of providing the wrong shifts to therapists. The scripts have been made available as open‐source software for implementation at other radiotherapy clinics.
Exploring the Perceived Impact of the Chronic Disease Self‐Management Program on Self‐Management Behaviors among African American Women with Lupus: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Twumasi Abena A. , Shao Anna , Dunlop‐Thomas Charmayne , Drenkard Cristina , Cooper Hannah L. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTo qualitatively explore the processes through which the Chronic Disease Self‐Management Program (CDSMP)—a peer‐led, group‐based educational intervention for people with chronic conditions—affects self‐management behaviors among African American women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsUsing a longitudinal pre‐ and postintervention design, we conducted two waves of one‐on‐one, semistructured interviews with 24 purposefully sampled participants. Wave 1 interviews explored self‐management behaviors at baseline; wave 2 interviews focused on changes in these behaviors postintervention. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis methods.ResultsStudy participants perceived the CDSMP to be a valuable resource that helped them improve fundamental self‐management behaviors, including exercise, relaxation, diet, and medication adherence. We found, with few exceptions, that in this sample, women's reported changes in self‐management behaviors did not vary by participant age, education, SLE disease severity, or depression status. Our analysis suggests that the CDSMP had the most widespread perceived effects on relaxation and exercise. Strategies that generated improvements in relaxation and exercise included goal setting, action planning, encouragement to pursue low‐impact physical activity, and introduction of mindfulness techniques to better manage SLE symptoms.ConclusionOur findings suggest that African American women with SLE perceived the CDSMP as an effective educational self‐management intervention. The program can potentially catalyze improvements in self‐management behaviors in this population, regardless of demographic or disease characteristics.
Adaptive control of unactuated dynamical systems through interconnections: Stability and performance guarantees
Authors: Gruenwald Benjamin C. , Yucelen Tansel , Chakravarthy Animesh 
Published: February 2020

SummaryThis article studies control and performance enforcement for a class of uncertain dynamical systems that consist of actuated and unactuated portions physically interconnected to each other. The proposed approach stabilizes the overall interconnected system in the presence of unknown physical interconnections as well as system uncertainties. Performance guarantees are enforced, individually, on the actuated as well as unactuated portions of the interconnected system via this approach. For enforcing these performance guarantees, a set‐theoretic model reference adaptive control approach is used, in conjunction with linear matrix inequalities, to restrict the respective system error trajectories of the actuated and unactuated dynamics inside a priori, user‐defined compact sets. The efficacy of the proposed approach is demonstrated using simulations.
Enhancement of Subcutaneously Transplanted β Cell Survival Using 3D Stem Cell Spheroids with Proangiogenic and Prosurvival Potential
Authors: Yu Chih‐Ping , Juang Jyuhn‐Huarng , Lin Yu‐Jie , Kuo Ching‐Wen , Hsieh Li‐Hung , Huang Chieh‐Cheng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIslet transplantation has been demonstrated to be a promising therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Although it is a minimally invasive operating procedure and provides easy access for graft monitoring, subcutaneous transplantation of the islet only has limited therapeutic outcomes, owing to the poor capacity of skin tissue to foster revascularization in a short period. Herein, 3D cell spheroids of clinically accessible umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells are formed and employed for codelivery with β cells subcutaneously. The 3D stem cell spheroids, which can secrete multiple proangiogenic and prosurvival growth factors, induce robust angiogenesis and prevent β cell graft death, as indicated by the results of in vivo bioluminescent tracking and histological analysis. These experimental data highlight the efficacy of the 3D stem cell spheroids that are fabricated using translationally applicable cell types in promoting the survival and function of subcutaneously transplanted β cells.
Stretchable Skin‐Like Cooling/Heating Device for Reconstruction of Artificial Thermal Sensation in Virtual Reality
Authors: Lee Jinwoo , Sul Heayoun , Lee Wonha , Pyun Kyung Rok , Ha Inho , Kim Dongkwan , Park Hyojoon , Eom Hyeonjin , Yoon Yeosang , Jung Jinwook , Lee Dongjun , Ko Seung Hwan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlong with visual and tactile sensations, thermal sensation by temperature feeling on the skin can provide rich physical information on the environment and objects. With a simple touch of objects, relative temperature can be sensed and even objects can be differentiated with different thermal properties without any visual cue. Thus, artificially reproducing accurate/controllable thermal sensation haptic signals on human epidermis will certainly be a major research area to reconstruct a more realistic virtual reality (VR) environment. In this study, for the first time, a skin‐like, highly soft and stretchable and bi‐functional (both cold and hot sensation) thermo‐haptic device is reported for wearable VR applications with a single device structure (not separate heater and cooler). The skin‐like thermo‐haptic (STH) device can actively cool down and heat up deformable skin surfaces with instantaneous and accurate adjustment of temperature based upon a feedback control algorithm to mimic desirable thermal sensation with 230% stretchability. As a proof‐of‐concept, the STH device is integrated with a finger‐motion tracking glove to provide artificial thermal sensation information to the skin in various situations such as touching cold beer bottles and hot coffee cups in virtual space. This new type of STH device can offer potential implications for next‐generation haptic devices to provide unique thermal information for a more realistic virtual‐world field and medical thermal treatment.
Engineering of the Heterointerface of Porous Carbon Nanofiber–Supported Nickel and Manganese Oxide Nanoparticle for Highly Efficient Bifunctional Oxygen Catalysis
Authors: Ji Dongxiao , Sun Jianguo , Tian Lidong , Chinnappan Amutha , Zhang Tianran , Jayathilaka Wanasinghe Arachchige Dumith Madushanka , Gosh Rituparana , Baskar Chinnappan , Zhang Qiuyu , Ramakrishna Seeram 
Published: February 2020

AbstractConstructing heterointerfaces between metals and metal compounds is an attractive strategy for the fabrication of high performance electrocatalysts. However, realizing the high degree of fusion of two different metal components to form heterointerfaces remains a great challenge, since the different metal components tend to grow separately in most cases. Herein, by employing carboxyl‐modified carbon nanotubes to stabilize different metal ions, the engineering of abundant Ni|MnO heterointerfaces is achieved in porous carbon nanofibers (Ni|MnO/CNF) during the electrospinning–calcination process. Remarkably, the resulting Ni|MnO/CNF catalyst exhibits activities that are among the best reported for the catalysis of both the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions. Moreover, the catalyst also demonstrates high power density and long cycle life in Zn–air batteries. Its superior electrochemical properties are mainly ascribed to the synergy between the engineering of oxygen‐deficient Ni|MnO heterointerfaces with a strong Ni/Mn alloying interaction and the 1D porous CNF support. This facile anchoring strategy for the initiation of bimetallic heterointerfaces creates appealing opportunities for the potential use of heteronanomaterials in practical sustainable energy applications.
Signatures of Sixfold Degenerate Exotic Fermions in a Superconducting Metal PdSb2
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Yao Mengyu , Nayak Jayita , Vergniory Maia G. , Bannies Jörn , Wang Zhijun , Schröter Niels B. M. , Strocov Vladimir N. , Müchler Lukas , Shi Wujun , Rienks Emile D. L. , Mañes J. L. , Shekhar Chandra , Parkin Stuart S. P. , Fink Jörg , Fecher Gerhard H. , Sun Yan , Bernevig B. Andrei , Felser Claudia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMultifold degenerate points in the electronic structure of metals lead to exotic behaviors. These range from twofold and fourfold degenerate Weyl and Dirac points, respectively, to sixfold and eightfold degenerate points that are predicted to give rise, under modest magnetic fields or strain, to topological semimetallic behaviors. The present study shows that the nonsymmorphic compound PdSb2 hosts six‐component fermions or sextuplets. Using angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy, crossing points formed by three twofold degenerate parabolic bands are directly observed at the corner of the Brillouin zone. The group theory analysis proves that under weak spin–orbit interaction, a band inversion occurs.
Cylindrical Direct‐Current Triboelectric Nanogenerator with Constant Output Current
Authors: Wang Jianlong , Li Yikang , Xie Zhijie , Xu Yuhong , Zhou Jianwen , Cheng Tinghai , Zhao Hongwei , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this article, a cylindrical direct‐current triboelectric nanogenerator (DC‐TENG) that can generate an almost constant current output with a low crest factor by phase coupling is reported for the first time. Here, the influence of phases (P) and groups (G) on the DC‐TENG is investigated. Experiments show that the crest factor of current, significantly decreases as the phases increase, and the output performance significantly increases as the groups increase. One phase triboelectric power‐generating unit of the DC‐TENG with three‐phase and five‐group (3P5G) produces an open‐circuit voltage of 149.5 V, short‐circuit current 7.3 μA, and transferred charge of 56.7 nC at 600 rpm. The DC‐TENG can produce a coupling current of 21.6 μA and the average output power of 2.04 mW after each phase output is rectified and superimposed. Additionally, the crest factor of output current is reduced to 1.08, and the high‐performance characteristics of an almost constant direct‐current is achieved. The research is of considerable significance to the practical applications of TENGs in powering sensors of low consumption.
Study of reinforcement mechanism and structural elucidation of expanded graphite‐carbon black hybrid filler‐SBR nanocomposites through comprehensive analysis of mechanical properties and small angle X‐ray data
Authors: Roy Amrita , Mondal Titash , Kar Saptarshi , Naskar Kinsuk , Ghosal Ranjan , Mukhopadhyay Rabindra , Bhowmick Anil K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractUse of hybrid fillers as a reinforcing agent for polymers is found to be critical step toward developing a high‐performance composite material. However, limited know‐how on the nature of interaction of the hybrid fillers with the polymer chains resulted in a major impediment toward large‐scale transmissibility of such a technology. Herein, we report about a strategy, wherein the polymer composite (free of curatives), comprising of hybrid filler and its gel was leveraged to effectively understand the physics involved toward reinforcement. Styrene‐butadiene random copolymer as the matrix, and combination of expanded graphite and carbon black (N220) as the model hybrid filler were selected. The hybrid filler containing composite (SG22) demonstrated significant improvement in terms of the physico‐mechanical properties such as tensile strength, modulus and so forth compared to the neat carbon black‐filled system (S22). Stress‐relaxation studies indicated that SG22 registered minimal decay in the force with time compared to S22. SG22 demonstrated a gel fraction of 68 ± 1% while 56 ± 1% was noted for S22. Further, rheometric studies like strain sweep, frequency sweep, complex viscosity of the gel fragments indicated the formation of fractal network of the hybrid fillers inside the polymer matrix. Small angle X‐ray studies corroborated the crucial role played by the expanded graphite sheets in determining the microstructure of the composite owing to their lubrication effect and segregation of carbon black agglomerates by cutting through their sharp edges resulting in a well‐distributed filler network.
Geophysical survey of the Iberian site (seventh–third centuries bc) of Masies de Sant Miquel (Catalonia, Spain). Interpretative challenges of geophysical data of an Iberian town
Authors: Sala Roger , Ortiz Helena , Sanmartí Joan , Garcia‐Garcia Ekhine , Belarte Maria Carme , Noguera Jaume , Morer Jordi , Ble Eduard , Pou Josep , Asensio David , Jornet Rafael 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGeophysical surveys based on ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetic methods have recently been carried out at the Iberian site of Masies de Sant Miquel, which is dated to the Iron Age (seventh–third centuries bc). The design and execution of the survey are presented, as well as the interpretation process, which is based on the interaction between the members of the prospection team (SOT Prospection) and the archaeologists from the University of Barcelona (UB) and the Catalan Institute of Classical Archaeology (ICAC), integrating geophysical as well as archaeological data. Although the site had previously been studied during the 1980s and 1990s, excavations have been limited in scope and the settlement remained largely unknown. The new research discussed in this article makes it possible to deduce the general traits of the urban plan and the major architectural features. The results confirm the urban nature of the site, not only due to its size (several densely‐occupied hectares), but also the complexity of its architecture and urban planning.
Nonrapid eye movement sleep and risk for autism spectrum disorder in early development: A topographical electroencephalogram pilot study
Authors: Page Jessica , Lustenberger Caroline , Frӧhlich Flavio 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder that emerges in the beginning years of life (12–48 months). Yet, an early diagnosis of ASD is challenging as it relies on the consistent presence of behavioral symptomatology, and thus, many children are diagnosed later in development, which prevents early interventions that could benefit cognitive and social outcomes. As a result, there is growing interest in detecting early brain markers of ASD, such as in the electroencephalogram (EEG) to elucidate divergence in early development. Here, we examine the EEG of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in the transition from infancy to toddlerhood, a period of rapid development and pronounced changes in early brain function. NREM features exhibit clear developmental trajectories, are related to social and cognitive development, and may be altered in neurodevelopmental disorders. Yet, spectral features of NREM sleep are poorly understood in infants/toddlers with or at high risk for ASD.MethodsThe present pilot study is the first to examine NREM sleep in 13‐ to 30‐month‐olds with ASD in comparison with age‐matched healthy controls (TD). EEG was recorded during a daytime nap with high‐density array EEG.ResultsWe found topographically distinct decreased fast theta oscillations (5–7.25 Hz), decreased fast sigma (15–16 Hz), and increased beta oscillations (20–25 Hz) in ASD compared to TD.ConclusionThese findings suggest a possible functional role of NREM sleep during this important developmental period and provide support for NREM sleep to be a potential early marker for ASD.
Fine fescues: A review of the species, their improvement, production, establishment, and management
Authors: Braun Ross C. , Patton Aaron J. , Watkins Eric , Koch Paul L. , Anderson Nicole P. , Bonos Stacy A. , Brilman Leah A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFine fescues (FestucaL. spp.) comprise a group of five cool‐season grasses used in turfgrass systems under many conditions: strong creeping red fescue (F.rubraL. ssp.rubraGaudin), slender creeping red fescue [F.rubraL. ssp.littoralis(G. Mey.) Auquier], Chewings fescue [F.rubraL. ssp.commutataGaudin; syn.F.rubraL. ssp.fallax(Thuill.) Nyman], hard fescue (F.brevipilaTracey), and sheep fescue [F.ovinaL.; syn.F.ovinaL. ssp.hirtula(Hack.exTravis) M.J. Wilk.]. Their extensive geographic distribution is a result of adaptation to many different environmental and management conditions especially low‐input sites. This review summarizes the history, production, establishment, management, use, and availability of fine fescues; discusses strengths and shortcomings of fine fescue; identifies knowledge gaps; and provides an outlook toward further research on this group of grasses. Improved cultivars have been developed in recent years that expand the geographic distribution and uses of species but additional efforts to increase seed yield and improve abiotic and biotic stress tolerances are still needed. Expanded use of fine fescue could be achieved through increased sod production of fine fescue, though current research‐based information is limited. Research on fine fescue allelopathy and the contributions of fungal endophytes, both of which could lead to reduced pesticide requirements is important for improved pest management. Future research on fine fescues should focus on implementation and management of new cultivars that possess enhanced abiotic and biotic stress tolerance that will result in fewer inputs and improve the appeal and adoption of these low‐input grasses.
The rOX‐stars of inflammation: links between the inflammasome and mitochondrial meltdown
Authors: Holley Caroline L , Schroder Kate 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe nod‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome drives inflammation in response to mitochondrial dysfunction. As metabolic powerhouses with prokaryotic ancestry, mitochondria are a cache for danger‐associated molecular patterns and pathogen‐associated molecular pattern‐like molecules that elicit potent innate immune responses. Persistent mitochondrial damage caused by infection, or genetic or environmental factors, can lead to inappropriate or sustained inflammasome signalling. Here, we review the features of mitochondria that drive inflammatory signalling, with a particular focus on mitochondrial activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Given that mitochondrial network dynamics, metabolic activity and redox state are all intricately linked to each other and to NLRP3 inflammasome activity, we highlight the importance of a holistic approach to investigations of NLRP3 activation by dysfunctional mitochondria.
Cell Image Classification: A Comparative Overview
Authors: Shifat‐E‐Rabbi Mohammad , Yin Xuwang , Fitzgerald Cailey E. , Rohde Gustavo K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCell image classification methods are currently being used in numerous applications in cell biology and medicine. Applications include understanding the effects of genes and drugs in screening experiments, understanding the role and subcellular localization of different proteins, as well as diagnosis and prognosis of cancer from images acquired using cytological and histological techniques. The article also reviews three main approaches for cell image classification most often used: numerical feature extraction, end‐to‐end classification with neural networks (NNs), and transport‐based morphometry (TBM). In addition, we provide comparisons on four different cell imaging datasets to highlight the relative strength of each method. The results computed using four publicly available datasets show that numerical features tend to carry the best discriminative information for most of the classification tasks. Results also show that NN‐based methods produce state‐of‐the‐art results in the dataset that contains a relatively large number of training samples. Data augmentation or the choice of a more recently reported architecture does not necessarily improve the classification performance of NNs in the datasets with limited number of training samples. If understanding and visualization are desired aspects, TBM methods can offer the ability to invert classification functions, and thus can aid in the interpretation of results. These and other comparison outcomes are discussed with the aim of clarifying the advantages and disadvantages of each method. © 2020 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Quality of service‐aware approaches in fog computing
Authors: Haghi Kashani Mostafa , Rahmani Amir Masoud , Jafari Navimipour Nima 
Published: February 2020

SummaryIn recent years, fog computing, a novel paradigm, has emerged for location and latency‐sensitive applications. It is a powerful complement for cloud computing that enables provisioning services and resources outside the cloud near the end devices. In a fog system, the existence of several nonhomogenous devices, which are potentially mobile, led to quality of service (QoS) worries. QoS‐aware approaches are presented in various parts of the fog system, and several different QoS factors are taken into account. In spite of the importance of QoS in fog computing, no comprehensive study on QoS‐aware approaches exists in fog computing. Hence, this paper reviews the current research used to guarantee QoS in fog computing. This paper investigates the QoS‐ensuring techniques that fall into three categories: service/resource management, communication management, and application management (published between 2013 and October 2018). Regarding the selected approaches, this paper represents merits, demerits, tools, evaluation types, and QoS factors. Finally, on the basis of the reviewed studies, we suggest some open issues and challenges which are worth further studying and researching in QoS‐aware approaches in fog computing.