bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking Motoneuron PIC Location to Motor Function in Closed-Loop Motor Unit System Including Afferent Feedback: A Computational Investigation
Authors: Kim Hojeong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe goal of this study is to investigate how the activation location of persistent inward current (PIC) over motoneuron dendrites is linked to motor output in the closed-loop motor unit. Here, a physiologically realistic model of a motor unit including afferent inputs from muscle spindles was comprehensively analyzed under intracellular stimulation at the soma and synaptic inputs over the dendrites during isometric contractions over a full physiological range of muscle lengths. The motor output of the motor unit model was operationally assessed by evaluating the rate of force development, the degree of force potentiation and the capability of self-sustaining force production. Simulations of the model motor unit demonstrated a tendency for a faster rate of force development, a greater degree of force potentiation, and greater capacity for self-sustaining force production under both somatic and dendritic stimulation of the motoneuron as the PIC channels were positioned farther from the soma along the path of motoneuron dendrites. Interestingly, these effects of PIC activation location on force generation significantly differed among different states of muscle length. The rate of force development and the degree of force potentiation were systematically modulated by the variation of PIC channel location for shorter-than-optimal muscles but not for optimal and longer-than-optimal muscles. Similarly, the warm-up behavior of the motor unit depended on the interplay between PIC channel location and muscle length variation. These results suggest that the location of PIC activation over motoneuron dendrites may be distinctively reflected in the motor performance during shortening muscle contractions.
A literatura de autoria feminina no Brasil: um estudo sobre a trajetória de Francisca Júlia
Authors: Borges Jaqueline Ferreira 
Published: April 2020

Este artigo objetiva considerar a trajetória poética de Francisca Júlia da Silva Munster (1871-1920), escritora paulista que publicou quatro livros, sendo Mármores (1895), Livro da Infância (1899), Esphinges (1903) e, por último, em parceria com o irmão, publicou Alma Infantil (1920). A poeta foi uma das precursoras da inserção feminina na literatura a partir de uma perspectiva também feminina, pensando o corpo da mulher na literatura sob uma ótica também da mulher. A escritora enfrentou um sistema social pautado nos valores patriarcais e no silenciamento feminino, mas alcançou singular reconhecimento no cenário literário daquele período, no entanto, definhou-se ao longo do tempo até que se tornasse esquecida nas prateleiras das bibliotecas e carente de visibilidade e reconhecimento nos estudos científicos da atualidade. Para o embasamento teórico, alguns críticos foram considerados para subsidiar as discussões, principalmente, os estudos críticos de Ramos (1961) e Camargos (2007), pautados na trajetória poética de Francisca Júlia e no alcance de seu nome, seja em meados do século XX, seja nos anos seguintes de sua morte. Paraalém desses, outros teóricos, foram utilizados para compreendermos as temáticas e o modo como se organiza a sua produção poética.
Miłosierdzie jako istotny temat Ewangelii według świętego Łukasza
Authors: Blajer Piotr 
Published: April 2020

Ewangelia św. Łukasza jest jedyną w swoim rodzaju. Jako jedyna ewangelia posiada kontynuację w Dziejach Apostolskich. Każdy kto sięga po ewangelię Łukasza może w niej znaleźć coś dla siebie. Dla przykładu warto zwrócić uwagę, że prolog został napisany w klasycznym stylu greckim, a pierwsze dwa rozdziały, w których autor opowiada o dzieciństwie Jezusa, przypominają stylem i formą księgi Starego Testamentu. Ewangelia Łukasza jest szczególną nie tylko pod względem literackim, ale także tematycznym. Trzeci ewangelista w sposób charakterystyczny wskazuje, że Jezus przyszedł na świat, by zbawić wszystkich. Dokonuje tego ukazując nieskończone Boże miłosierdzie, które pochyla się nad każdym potrzebującym pomocy bez względu na jego status. W centrum tego orędzia znajdują się trzy przypowieści o miłosierdzi w rozdziale 15. Są one odpowiedzią Jezusa na krytykę faryzeuszy i uczonych w Piśmie, którzy złym okiem spoglądają na Jego pochylanie się nad tymi, którzy najbardziej potrzebują Bożego miłosierdzia.
Antropologicznokulturowa interpretacja przypowieści o niemiłosiernym słudze (Mt 18, 23–35)
Authors: Kręcidło Janusz 
Published: April 2020

Przedmiotem prowadzonych w artykule analiz jest ekspozycja teologii miłosierdzia zawartej w przypowieści Jezusa w Mt 18, 23–35. Tekst ten został przebadany w świetle trzech kryteriów antropologicznokulturowych, które pozwoliły odczytać tę przypowieść w świetle realiów życia autora i adresatów. Są to: ideologia królewska, relacja „patron – klient” oraz honor i wstyd. Rezultatem analiz jest głębsze wyeksponowanie przesłania teologicznego Mt 18, 23–35: bezwarunkowe miłosierdzie, które Bóg okazuje grzesznikom, powinno stymulować w nich wzajemne okazywanie sobie przebaczenia win.
The Church and Management Science
Authors: Giffard Pierre-Alain 
Published: April 2020

This article explores the use of management sciences in the Church and examines the appropriateness of importing modern organizational principles into the ecclesial world. It highlights management principles used by four growing Evangelical Churches. It then it explores the birth and development of modern management. Finally, a principle is proposed from which it is possible for the Church to maintain a healthy dialogue with management sciences that combines openness and prudence.
Watts Bar Nuclear Power Plant Strong-Motion Records of the 12 December 2018 M 4.4 Decatur, Tennessee, Earthquake
Authors: Graizer Vladimir , Seber Dogan , Stovall Scott 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The moment magnitude M 4.4 on 12 December 2018 Decatur, Tennessee, earthquake occurred in the eastern Tennessee seismic zone. Although the causative fault is not known, the earthquake had a predominantly strike-slip mechanism with an estimated hypocentral depth of about 8 km. It was felt over a distance of 500 km stretching from Southern Kentucky to Georgia. Strong shaking, capable of causing slight damage, was reported near the epicenter. The Watts Bar nuclear power plant (NPP) is only 4.9 km from the epicenter of the earthquake and experienced only slight shaking. The earthquake was recorded by the plant’s seismic strong-motion instrumentation installed at four different locations. Near-real-time calculations by the plant operators indicated that the operating basis earthquake (OBE) ground motion was not exceeded during the earthquake. We obtained and processed the recorded motions to calculate corrected accelerations, velocities, and displacements. In addition, we computed the Fourier and 5% damped response spectra to compare them with the plant’s OBE. Comparisons of the ground-motion prediction models with the digital recordings at the plant site indicated that recorded ground motions were significantly below the predicted results calculated using the ground-motion prediction models approved for regulatory use. Availability of high-quality, digital recordings in this case helped make a quick decision about the ground motions not exceeding the OBE and hence prevented unnecessary shutdown of the NPP. Availability of earthquake recordings from the four locations in the NPP also presented an opportunity to analyze the linear response of plant structures.
Per-head cost of patients responding to eltrombopag and rituximab in the treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia in Spain.
Authors: Gonzalez-Porras José Ramón , Parrondo-García Francisco Javier , Anguita Eduardo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Splenectomy, thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs) and rituximab are the second-line treatments for steroid-resistant adult primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). The last two are becoming the most widely used treatments to avoid splenectomy adverse effects and inconveniences. However, the choice between rituximab and TPO-RAs is unclear. Therefore, the treatment cost may be of particular interest to prioritize the therapy option.Our aim is to determine the cost per patient after 6 months of treatment of rituximab compared to TPO-RA eltrombopag in a European Health Service.Methods: A 26-week decision tree model was developed to assess the cost of treatment response of adult patients with chronic-refractory ITP to eltrombopag and rixutimab from the perspective of the Spanish National Health System. Effectiveness was obtained from the literature, and cost was obtained from the official rates. Costs were expressed in € (2018). Due to the short period of assessment, no discount rate was applied.Results: The average cost per patient after 6 months of treatment was similar for eltrombopag and rituximab, although the first cost was slightly higher. However, the greater response rate of eltrombopag decreases the bleeding costs, resulting in a 29% higher cost with rituximab treatment. Eltrombopag cost was always lower, except in the sensitivity analysis in which the patient received a daily dose of 75 mg of eltrombopag, a scenario where eltrombopag cost is 48€ higher than that of rituximab.Conclusions: The treatment cost of rituximab, including monitoring and bleeding costs, is higher than eltrombopag, favouring the latter over rituximab treatment.
Ameliorating process parameters for zeaxanthin yield in Arthrobacter gandavensis MTCC 25325
Authors: Ram Shristi , Tirkey Sushma Rani , Kumar Madhava Anil , Mishra Sandhya 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The present study aims to escalate the production of prophylactic agent zeaxanthin using a screened potential bacterial isolate. For this purpose, a freshwater bacterium capable of producing zeaxanthin was isolated from Bor Talav, Bhavnagar. The 16S rRNA sequence confirmed the isolate as Arthrobacter gandavensis. The bacterium was also submitted to Microbial Type Culture Collection, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India, with the accession number MTCC 25325. The chemo-metric tools were employed to optimise the influencing factors such as pH, temperature, inoculum size, agitation speed, carbon source and harvest time on zeaxanthin yield. Thereafter, 6 parameters were narrowed down to 3 factors and were optimised using the central composite design (CCD) matrix. Maximum zeaxanthin (1.51 mg/g) was derived when A. gandavensis MTCC 25325 was grown under pH 6.0, 1.5% (w/v) glucose and 10% (v/v) inoculum size. A high regression coefficient (R2=0.92) of the developed model indicated the accurateness of the tested parameters. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on tailoring the process parameters using chemo-metric optimisation for escalating the zeaxanthin production by A. gandavensis MTCC 25325.
Characterization of an H6N1 avian influenza virus from an illegally imported product
Authors: Wang Yan , Jiang Ming Wen , Li Ping Jin , Zhang Ping Lei , Zhang Qiang , Li Yang Chun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : H6N1 is low pathogenic virus commonly found in wild and domestic birds across many continents. To investigate the infective status of imported food, we detected avian influenza virus (AIV) in illegally imported frozen food from international flight. Methods : The virus was isolated, the complete genome was sequenced, and the pathogenicity was tested. PQIATR/G was found in the motif of the HA cleavage site of the isolated strain, which conforms to the molecular characteristics of a low pathogenic AIV. The amino acid residues at positions 186, 190, 226, and 228 of the HA protein receptor binding sites were proline (P), valine (V), glutamine (Q), serine (S), respectively, exhibiting the molecular characteristics required to bind to human-like receptors. The SPF chicken test showed that the IVPI was 0 and the virus was a low pathogenic AIV. The infectious results in BALB/c mice showed that the isolate could be replicated in the lower respiratory tract of mice. Mice infected with a high dose of the virus displayed moderate weight loss but no obvious clinical symptoms. Results :The results of the sequence analysis showed that the avian influenza virus was of the H6N1 subtype, which shared the highest nucleotide identity with the AIV subtypes prevalent in Taiwan province. Conclusions : It is important to intensily monitor the illegal carrying.
Development of Statistical Literacy and Scientific Reasoning &amp; Argumentation in Physicians
Authors: Schmidt Felicitas Maria , Zottmann Jan , Sailer Maximilian , Fischer Martin R , Berndt Markus 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Statistical literacy (SL) of physicians, i.e. the ability to understand and apply statistics, is an essential prerequisite for risk estimation and communication. Together with scientific reasoning and argumentation (SRA) skills, SL provides the basis for evidence-based practice. Several studies suggest that in medical students both skills are developed merely on a medium level.Methods: The aim of the present study was to investigate these skills in practicing physicians ( N = 71, M Age = 40.00, SD = 9.59) and when and how these skills were acquired. Biographical data was collected with an online survey tool. SL was assessed with multiple-choice items. SRA skills evidence evaluation (EE) and drawing conclusions (DC) were measured with a decision scenario.Results: Study results indicated that physicians have medium to high levels of SL ( M = 17.58, SD = 6.92, max 30 pts.) and SRA (EE-Score: M = 7.75, SD = 1.85, max 10 pts.; DC-Score: M = 37.20, SD = 5.35, max 60 pts.). Skills development via autodidactic learning activities ( M = 4.78, SD = 1.125, range 1-6) was reported significantly more often than development during medical education ( M = 2.31, SD = 1.456, t (71) = -9.915, p < .001) or in extracurricular activities ( M = 3.34, SD = 1.869, t (71) = 4.673, p = .000). The active involvement in research seemed decisive: The number of publications and time spent in research predicted SL to a large extent (β = .355, p = .002; β = .280, p = .018). SRA skills were associated with the type of doctoral thesis (β = -.380 ± .154, p = .016) and working in research (β = 3.355 ± 1.229, p = .008).Conclusion : The development of SL and SRA skills needs to be systematically fostered during medical education combined with active involvement in research.
Overall reduced lymphocyte subsets worsening disease severity and prognosis in COVID-19 severe cases with diabetes mellitus in Chengdu, China
Authors: Liu Dafeng , Wang Yong , Lan Lijuan , Liu Yaling , Zhao Bennan , Bao Lei , Chen Hong , Yang Min , Li Qingfeng , Zeng Yilan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIn early December 2019 the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is widespread from Wuhan throughout China and the world.MethodsDemographic, clinical data of 95 confirmed cases with COVID-19 on admission at the Public and Health ClinicCentre of Chengdu from January 16 to March 16, 2020, were collected and analyzed. The data ofperipheral lymphocyte and subsetswere compared between severe and non-severe patients with or without diabetes mellitus (DM), and its relationship to the disease severity, the viral negative conversion time, and the prognosis were analyzed.ResultsIn this COVID-19cohort the prevalence of DM was 20%. Patients with DM had significantly higher severe rate and worseprognosis than those without DM, the difference was significant(severe rate ,cured, unhealed and death in DM and non-DM groups:61.11%vs.25.00%,26.32%,68.42%,5.26%vs.71.05%,26.32%,2.68%,х2=2.940,3.394,P=0.003,0.001,respectively),simultaneously the prevalence of DM in severe cases was higher than that in non-severe group,the obvarious difference was found(36.67% vs.12.31%,х2=2.940,P=0.003). Severe cases with DM tended to have the lowest lymphocytes count levels and percentage values,as well as the lowest T cells count levels, helper T cells count levels, suppressor T cells count levels and B(CD19+) count levelscompared with those severe cases without DM and non-severe cases with or without DM. The important influencing factorswere that age,DM, lymphocyte percentage values and helper T cells percentage values for the disease severity, lymphocyte percentage values andB(CD19+) cell percentage values for the viral negative conversion time, and age, the disease severity and the viral negative conversion time for the prognosis.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 severe cases with DMhad the lowest lymphocytes count levels, especially T lymphocytescount levels and B lymphocytes count levels. Overall decreased lymphocytes subsets and DM maybe worsen prognosis by worseningthe disease severity and prolonging the viral negative conversion time.Combinationimmunomodulatory therapy based on comprehensive treatmentmight improveprognosisof the COVID-19 severe cases with DM.
The dysfunction of affective picture processing in pituitary patients: an ERPs study
Authors: Cao Chenglong , Song Jian , Liu Binbin , Yue Jianren , Lu Yuzhao , Huang Cheng , Ding Huichao , Xu Guozheng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Cognitive impairments have been reported in patients with pituitary adenoma; however, there is a lack of knowledge of investigating the emotional stimuli processing in pituitary patients. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether there is emotional processing dysfunction in pituitary patients by recording and analyzing the late positive potential (LPP) elicited by affective stimuli.Methods: Evaluation of emotional stimuli processing by LPP Event related potentials (ERPs) was carried out through central- parietal electrode sites (C3, Cz, C4, P3, Pz, P4) on the head of the patients and healthy controls (HCs).Results: In the negative stimuli, the amplitude of LPP was 2.435 ± 0.419μV for HCs and 0.656 ± 0.427μV for patient group respectively ( p = 0.005). In the positive stimuli, the elicited electric potential 1.450 ± 0.316μV for HCs and 0.495 ± 0.322μV for patient group respectively ( p = 0.040). Moreover, the most obvious difference of LPP amplitude between the two groups existed in the right parietal region. On the right hemisphere (at the P4 site), the elicited electric potential was 1.993 ± 0.299μV for HCs and 0.269 ± 0.305μV for patient group respectively( p = 0.001).Conclusion: There are functional dysfunction of emotional stimuli processing in pituitary adenoma patients. Our research provides the electrophysiological evidence for the presence of cognitive dysfunction which need to be intervened in the pituitary adenoma patients.
Risk Analysis and Efficiency Islamic Banking: Evidence in Indonesia
Authors: Adi Seputra R. Yudhistira , Azhari Azhari , Aminul Islam MD 
Published: April 2020

This study aims to analyze the risk and efficiency of Bank MuamalatTbk, customers & ex-employees perceptions of the efficiency of the closure of the Branch Offices in Bojonegoro and Blora Regencies. This research is quantitative research that uses three stages of analysis. The first phase of the analysis involves risk analysis by measuring credit, operational and risk of disbursement based on the 2013-2017 Bank Muamalat Indonesia Tbk Financial Report using CAMELS financial ratios, the second stage consists of measuring the efficiency of Bank MuamalatTbk's performance using non-parametric techniques, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The third stage will apply Pearson Correlation Coefficients to test the correlation between Customer Perception, Credit, Operations, and Risk of Disbursement to Efficiency. Based on results it can be concluded that the condition of Bank Muamalat Indonesia for the period 2013 - 2017 can be declared unhealthyand risky. So, it is suggested that Muamalat obtain new investors who are able to provide capital to nourish their financial performance. Keywords : Efficiency, Operational Risk, Islamic Banking, Data Envelopment Analysis.
Los argumentos resbaladizos. El uso practico de razonamientos imperfectos
Authors: López de la Vieja Mª Teresa 
Published: April 2020

RESUMENEl artículo analiza el papel desempeñado por los argumentos de pendiente resbaladiza en los debates prácticos. Por un lado, estos argumentos suelen ejemplificar una forma d razonamiento imperfecto o paradójico. De hecho, la Filosofía clásica griega ya identificó las principales dificultades del sorites, el argumento del «montón». Por otro lado, la pendiente resbaladiza llama de nuevo la atención de la Filosofía contemporánea, ya que ocupa un lugar destacado en determinadas cuestiones morales, como pueden ser la eutanasia, los límites de la investigación biomédica, o las posibles consecuencias de la intervención humana sobre el medio ambiente natural y sobe otras especies, no humanas. De esta forma, la Ética aplicada examina los riesgos y efecto son deseables de decisiones que, el comienzo, eran o parecían perfectamente aceptables, y lo hace así a pesar de que la metáfora de la pendiente resbaladiza no pueda aportar suficientes evidencias para frenar aquellas decisiones que comportan riesgos. Aun así, la pendiente sirve para expresar el peligro, la tragedia, los efectos negativos que amenazarían nuestra existencia, o la de las generaciones futuras. Por lo tanto, imágenes como la «caja de Pandora», la «ruptura de los diques», el «alud», no solo transmiten que algunas acciones pueden poner en riesgo la vida sino que, además, ilustran el uso práctico de los argumentos imperfectos.PALABRAS CLAVEpendiente resbaladiza, argumentación práctica, Ética aplicada.ABSTRACTThe article would analyze the role of the slippery-slope arguments in practical debates. On the one hand, they usually exemplify the imperfect, paradoxical reasoning; in fact, the ancient Greek Philosophy already identified the central flaws of the sorites, the «heap» argument. On the other hand, the metaphor of the slippery-slope draws again the attention of contemporary Philosophy, since it has a central part in some ethical issues, as happens with questions like euthanasia, the limits of biomedical research, and the possible consequences of the human action on the natural environment, and on non-humans. So, applied Ethics considers risks and undesirable effects of decisions that, at the very beginning, are, or seem acceptable, in spite of the fact that the slippery-slope could not allege enough evidences to prevent from this risky decision. However, it expresses how danger, tragedy, negative outcome would intrude in our existence, or in the existence of the next generations. Therefore, images like the «Pandora’s box», the «broken docks», the «avalanche», etc, not only suggest that some actions could definitively endanger life, but they illustrate the practical use of imperfect arguments.KEY WORDSslippery- slope, practical argumentation, applied Ethics
Intuiciones de criptojudaísmo en el Quod nihil scitur de Francisco Sánchez
Authors: Bermúdez Vázquez Manuel 
Published: April 2020

RESUMENEn la obra del pensador gallego Francisco Sánchez (1551-1623), titulada Que nada se sabe, existen una serie de características que nos obligan a relacionarla directamente con el pensamiento judío. Entre estas cuestiones se hallan: las citas bíblicas recogidas por su autor, siendo la gran mayoría de ellas procedentes del Antiguo Testamento; la falta de la dedicatoria a la virgen María o la relación entre el alma y el cuerpo que recoge Sánchez y que es de claro origen judío.PALABRAS CLAVEESCEPTICISMO, PENSAMIENTO JUDÍO, FRANCISCO SÁNCHEZABSTRACTIn the work of the thinker Francisco Sanchez (1551-1623), entitled That nothing is known, there are some characteristics that force us to directly relate it to the Jewish thought. Some of these questions are: the Biblical quotations gathered by its author, coming the great majority of them from the Old Testament; the lack of the dedication to Virgin Mary or the relation between the soul and the body that Sanchez shares with the Jewish tradition. All these topics point at the importance of this tradition in the work That nothing is known.KEYWORDSSCEPTICISM, JEWISH THOUGHT, FRANCISCO SANCHEZ, RENAISSANCE