bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate change impact on flood and extreme precipitation increases with water availability
Authors: Tabari Hossein 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe hydrological cycle is expected to intensify with global warming, which likely increases the intensity of extreme precipitation events and the risk of flooding. The changes, however, often differ from the theorized expectation of increases in water‐holding capacity of the atmosphere in the warmer conditions, especially when water availability is limited. Here, the relationships of changes in extreme precipitation and flood intensities for the end of the twenty-first century with spatial and seasonal water availability are quantified. Results show an intensification of extreme precipitation and flood events over all climate regions which increases as water availability increases from dry to wet regions. Similarly, there is an increase in the intensification of extreme precipitation and flood with the seasonal cycle of water availability. The connection between extreme precipitation and flood intensity changes and spatial and seasonal water availability becomes stronger as events become less extreme.
The gut microbiome in dogs with congestive heart failure: a pilot study
Authors: Seo Joonbum , Matthewman Linda , Xia Dong , Wilshaw Jenny , Chang Yu-Mei , Connolly David J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCompromised gut health and dysbiosis in people with heart failure has received a great deal of attention over the last decade. Whether dogs with heart failure have a similar dysbiosis pattern to what is described in people is currently unknown. We hypothesised that dogs with congestive heart failure have quantifiable dysbiosis compared to healthy dogs that are similar in sex and age. A total of 50 dogs (15 healthy dogs and 35 dogs with congestive heart failure) were prospectively recruited, and their faecal gut microbiome was assessed using 16S rRNA sequencing (Illumina MiSeq platform). There was no significant change in the microbial diversity and richness in dogs with congestive heart failure. However, there was an increase in abundance of Proteobacteria in the congestive heart failure group (p = 0.014), particularly due to an increase in the familyEnterobacteriaceae(p = 0.002) andEscherichia coli(p = 0.033). We conclude that dogs with congestive heart failure have dysbiosis, and we show additional trends in our data suggesting that dogs may have a similar pattern to that described in people. The results of this study provide useful preliminary information and raise the possibility that dogs represent a clinically relevant animal model of dysbiosis in people with heart failure.
Risk factors for ocular hypertension after intravitreal dexamethasone implantation in diabetic macular edema
Authors: Choi Moon Young , Kwon Jin-woo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe designed a retrospective observational study to identify factors associated with ocular hypertension [OHTN, defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) > 25 mmHg] after intravitreal dexamethasone (IVD) implantation in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients. We measured IOP monthly after placement of an IVD implant, and identified the trend of IOP, incidence of OHTN, and its associated systemic or ocular factors. On average, IOP was highest at 2 months after IVD implantation. Of 84 DME patients who received an IVD implant, 3 (3.57%) presented with an IOP ≥ 25 mmHg at 1 month after implantation, 6 (7.14%) at 2 months, and 2 (2.38%) at 3 months. Compared with the non-OHTN group, the OHTN group had significantly shorter axial lengths and were younger. Logistic regression analysis revealed that axial length < 23.00 mm and age < 57 years were associated with OHTN occurrence. Patients whose IOP was elevated > 30% or ≥ 20 mmHg at 1 month post-implantation, subsequently developed OHTN with statistical significance. In conclusion, shorter axial length and younger age were associated with OHTN occurrence after IVD implantation. Additionally, identifying levels or trends in IOP at 1 month after the IVD procedure may be helpful in predicting subsequent OHTN occurrence.
The Fast-Mapping Abilities of Adults With Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: McGregor Karla K. , Eden Nichole , Arbisi-Kelm Timothy , Oleson Jacob 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
The aim of the study was to determine the integrity of fast mapping among adults with developmental language disorder (DLD).

Method

Forty-eight adults with DLD or typical language development (TD) were presented with 24 novel words and photos of their unfamiliar referents from the semantic categories of
mammal, bird, fruit,
or
insect
in two conditions. In the fast-mapping condition, 12 of the 24 unfamiliar referents were presented, one at a time alongside a familiar referent (e.g., a dog) and a question (e.g.,
Is the tail of the torato up?
). In the explicit-encoding condition, the other 12 unfamiliar referents were presented alone, one at a time, with a label (e.g.,
This is a spimer
). Immediately after exposure (T1) and again after a 1-day interval (T2), memory for the word-to-exemplar link was measured with a three-alternative forced-choice test, requiring the participant to match a spoken word to one of three pictured referents from the training set. At T2, memory for semantic category information was measured with a four-alternative forced-choice test, requiring the participant to match a spoken word to one of four prototypical silhouettes representing each of the semantic categories.

Results
Performance on word-to-exemplar link recognition was stronger for words learned in the explicit-encoding than the fast-mapping condition and stronger for the TD group than the DLD group. Time was not a significant factor as both groups maintained posttraining levels of performance after a 1-day retention interval. Performance on semantic category recognition was stronger for words learned in the explicit-encoding than the fast-mapping condition and stronger for the TD group than the DLD group. The lower category recognition performance of the DLD group was related to their lower nonverbal IQ scores.

Conclusion
Contexts that allow for explicit encoding yield better learning of word-to-referent links than contexts that allow for fast mapping in both stronger and weaker learners. Adults with DLD have difficulty learning the link between words and referents, whether trained via fast mapping or explicit encoding and whether tested with exemplar or category referents. Retention is a relative strength for adults with DLD.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12765551
Constraining the parameter space for the solar nebula
Authors: Lenz Christian T. , Klahr Hubert , Birnstiel Tilman , Kretke Katherine , Stammler Sebastian 
Published: August 2020

Context. When we wish to understand planetesimal formation, the only data set we have is our own Solar System. The Solar System is particularly interesting because so far, it is the only planetary system we know of that developed life. Understanding the conditions under which the solar nebula evolved is crucial in order to understand the different processes in the disk and the subsequent dynamical interaction between (proto-)planets after the gas disk has dissolved.
Aims. Protoplanetary disks provide a plethora of different parameters to explore. The question is whether this parameter space can be constrained, allowing simulations to reproduce the Solar System.
Methods. Models and observations of planet formation provide constraints on the initial planetesimal mass in certain regions of the solar nebula. By making use of pebble flux-regulated planetesimal formation, we performed a parameter study with nine different disk parameters such as the initial disk mass, the initial disk size, the initial dust-to-gas ratio, the turbulence level, and others.
Results. We find that the distribution of mass in planetesimals in the disk depends on the timescales of planetesimal formation and pebble drift. Multiple disk parameters can affect the pebble properties and thus planetesimal formation. However, it is still possible to draw some conclusions on potential parameter ranges.
Conclusions. Pebble flux-regulated planetesimal formation appears to be very robust, allowing simulations with a wide range of parameters to meet the initial planetesimal constraints for the solar nebula. This means that it does not require much fine-tuning.
Effect of pebble flux-regulated planetesimal formation on giant planet formation
Authors: Voelkel Oliver , Klahr Hubert , Mordasini Christoph , Emsenhuber Alexandre , Lenz Christian 
Published: August 2020

Context. The formation of gas giant planets by the accretion of 100 km diameter planetesimals is often thought to be inefficient. A diameter of this size is typical for planetesimals and results from self-gravity. Many models therefore use small kilometer-sized planetesimals, or invoke the accretion of pebbles. Furthermore, models based on planetesimal accretion often use the ad hoc assumption of planetesimals that are distributed radially in a minimum-mass solar-nebula way.
Aims. We use a dynamical model for planetesimal formation to investigate the effect of various initial radial density distributions on the resulting planet population. In doing so, we highlight the directive role of the early stages of dust evolution into pebbles and planetesimals in the circumstellar disk on the subsequent planet formation.
Methods. We implemented a two-population model for solid evolution and a pebble flux-regulated model for planetesimal formation in our global model for planet population synthesis. This framework was used to study the global effect of planetesimal formation on planet formation. As reference, we compared our dynamically formed planetesimal surface densities with ad hoc set distributions of different radial density slopes of planetesimals.
Results. Even though required, it is not the total planetesimal disk mass alone, but the planetesimal surface density slope and subsequently the formation mechanism of planetesimals that enables planetary growth through planetesimal accretion. Highly condensed regions of only 100 km sized planetesimals in the inner regions of circumstellar disks can lead to gas giant growth.
Conclusions. Pebble flux-regulated planetesimal formation strongly boosts planet formation even when the planetesimals to be accreted are 100 km in size because it is a highly effective mechanism for creating a steep planetesimal density profile. We find that this leads to the formation of giant planets inside 1 au already by pure 100 km planetesimal accretion. Eventually, adding pebble accretion regulated by pebble flux and planetesimal-based embryo formation as well will further complement this picture.
Comment permettre la mise place d’une dynamique d’alliance thérapeutique entre une famille et une équipe de soins lors d’une première hospitalisation pour un épisode psychotique
Authors: Roche-Rabreau Danièle 
Published: August 2020

L’auteur décrit la réflexion du groupe pluridisciplinaire sur l’alliance thérapeutique entre équipes soignantes et familles lors d’une première hospitalisation pour un épisode psychotique.Cette alliance thérapeutique émerge et se développe dans le cadre du « système thérapeutique » constitué par la rencontre de deux groupes : le groupe famille et le groupe « équipe thérapeutique » regroupés autour de cette situation singulière et chargée émotionnellement d’une décompensation psychotique et de l’hospitalisation d’un(e) jeune.Dans cette optique, il s’agit donc de passer de la logique individuelle propre à la médecine pour passer à une logique groupale, d’une lecture purement médicale à une lecture plu- riaxiale. Alors, savoir médical et savoir profane de la famille peuvent s’énoncer et s’articuler au lieu de s’opposer.Enfin dans ce processus, la temporalité, les étapes et l’interactivité permet de gérer la part d’incertitude diagnostic et pronostic qui caractérise ces situations.Ce travail d’alliance permet d’éviter les ruptures de soins et optimise les capacités thérapeutiques des équipes et préserve l’avenir.
L’hospitalisation en service de psychiatrie de la personne âgée : enjeux cliniques et institutionnels
Authors: Fredouille Jérôme 
Published: August 2020

Structurées en fonction des dispositifs ambulatoires sectoriels existants, ou trouvant leur cohérence autour d’un mandat de soin propre, les unités intra-hospitalières de géronto-psychiatrie se révèlent un outil de soin précieux et peu interchangeable, caractérisé par une très grande capacité de contenance psychique si nécessaire à nos patients âgés. Quelques exemples cliniques nous permettent de repérer que cette contenance naît d’un plaisir de fonctionnement, que favorise le climat particulier de ces unités, et sur lequel s’étayera celui du patient à comprendre son histoire.Des choix comptables, qui conduiraient à la fermeture de ces lits d’hospitalisation, constitueraient une privation aveugle et regrettable d’outil de soin, en ne distinguant pas entre un investissement coûteux mais bénéfique au plan humain et un saupoudrage de dispositifs bon marché mais peu en mesure d’instaurer des soins psychiques.
Stellenwert der Orthetik für die Wirbelsäule des Erwachsenen – Ergebnisse einer Umfrage und Diskussion der Literatur
Authors: Spiegl U. J. , Götz A. , Grüninger S. , Hilber F. , Müller M. , Osterhoff G. , Scheyerer M. J. , Schnake K. J. , Heyde C.-E. 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Möglichkeiten der orthetischen Therapie von Pathologien an der Wirbelsäule sind umfangreich und können unübersichtlich sein. Zunächst muss der betroffenen Lokalisation an der Wirbelsäule Rechnung getragen werden. Darüber hinaus muss das Behandlungsziel, das durch die Orthesenanwendung erreicht werden soll, klar definiert sein. Das Wirkprinzip der verwendeten Orthese sollte daran ausgerichtet sein. Insgesamt sind die therapeutischen Mittel- und Langzeiteffekte der Orthesentherapie für die meisten Pathologien an der Wirbelsäule überwiegend unzureichend. Lediglich bei osteoporotischen Frakturen von älteren Frauen ist ein muskelstimulierender Effekt bei der Verwendung von Aktivorthesen nachgewiesen. Demgegenüber weist eine deutschsprachige Umfrage über die nationale Orthesenanwendung an der Wirbelsäule eine heterogene Anwenderhäufigkeit auf. Insbesondere die häufige Anwendung im Rahmen der konservativen Therapie von traumatischen Wirbelkörperfrakturen als auch die häufige postoperative Orthesenverwendung basiert nicht auf der Grundlage der aktuellen Literatur.
Unerwarteter Anstieg des extravasalen Lungenwassers nach akutem Lungenversagen
Authors: Eckle Veit-Simon , Witzenrath Martin , Müller-Redetzky Holger 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungAnamnese und klinischer Befund Wir berichten von einer 27-jährigen Patientin, die im Rahmen einer Pneumonie ein akutes Lungenversagen entwickelte. Über eine transpulmonale Thermodilutionsmethode konnte ein erhöhtes extravasales Lungenwasser (17 ml/kg) festgestellt werden. Die Patientin erhielt eine kalkulierte antibiotische Therapie, wurde Lungen-protektiv beatmet und eine Negativbilanzierung wurde angestrebt. Im Verlauf kam es zu einer respiratorischen Verbesserung bei rückläufigen Entzündungsparametern und einem reduzierten extravasalen Lungenwasser (10 ml/kg). Im weiteren Verlauf stieg jedoch das extravasale Lungenwasser deutlich an (29 ml/kg).Untersuchungen und Diagnose In der Röntgen-Thorax-Aufnahme war die Spitze des zentralen Venenkatheters in die Vena jugularis interna disloziert. 7 Tage zuvor hatte sich die Katheterspitze korrekt auf die Vena cava superior projiziert.Therapie und Verlauf Nach Neu-Anlage des zentralen Venenkatheters konnte wieder ein extravasales Lungenwasser von 10 ml/kg gemessen werden. Nach insgesamt 10 Behandlungstagen auf Intensivstation konnte die Patientin erfolgreich extubiert werden.Folgerung Als Mechanismus für die Katheterspitzen-Dislokation kommen ein Valsalva-Manöver der Patientin oder spontane Bewegungen des Oberkörpers infrage. Bei einem plötzlichen Anstieg des extravasalen Lungenwassers muss differenzialdiagnostisch eine Dislokation der Spitze des zentralen Venenkatheters in Betracht gezogen und radiologisch ausgeschlossen werden.
Wound Infection after CABG Using Internal Mammary Artery Grafts: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Oswald Irina , Boening Andreas , Pons-Kuehnemann Joern , Grieshaber Philippe 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Internal mammary arteries show better long-term patency rates than venous grafts. The use of both mammary arteries is associated with a higher risk of sternal wound infections. This meta-analysis was designed to assess the incidence of a wound healing disorder after bilateral compared with single mammary artery bypass grafting. Compared with existing meta-analysis this paper includes more current literature and one randomized controlled trial.
Methods A literature search was performed using PubMed and the Cochrane Library. The quality of the articles was assessed by the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. The odds ratio was used as a measure of the chance of developing a wound healing disorder after bilateral internal mammary artery (BIMA) surgery. Meta-analyses were performed for different subgroups.
Results Twenty studies met the quality criteria, including one randomized controlled trial. The use of both mammary arteries significantly increased the risk of superficial (odds ratio [OR] 1.72) and deep (OR 1.75) wound healing disorder in the total population (OR 1.80) as well as in the diabetic subgroup (OR 1.38) and with both preparation techniques. The increased risk with BIMA grafting was present independently of the preparation technique (pedicled: OR 1.89, skeletonized: OR 1.37).
Conclusion Bilateral internal mammary artery grafting, especially in high-risk and diabetic patients, is associated with an increased risk of wound healing impairment. Skeletonized preparation does not eliminate the elevated wound healing disorder risk after BIMA use.
Genetics and Hemostatic Potential in Persons with Mild to Moderate Hemophilia A with a Discrepancy between One-Stage and Chromogenic FVIII Assays
Authors: Strålfors Annelie , Mikovic Danijela , Schmidt David , Onelöv Liselotte , Soutari Nida Mahmoud Hourani , Berndtson Maria , Chaireti Roza , Holmström Margareta , Antovic Jovan P. , Bruzelius Maria 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground Factor VIII (FVIII) activity (FVIII:C) can be measured by different methods including one-stage clotting assays (OSAs) and chromogenic assays (CSAs). Discrepancy between FVIII:C assays is known and associated with genetic variations causing mild and moderate hemophilia A (HA). We aimed to study the discrepancy phenomenon and to identify associated genetic alterations. Further, we investigated if hemostatic global assays could discriminate the group with discrepant FVIII:C from them.Methods The study contained plasma samples from 45 patients with HA (PwHA) from Hemophilia Centers in Stockholm, Sweden, and Belgrade, Serbia. We measured FVIII:C with OSA and CSA, sequenced the F8 gene, and performed two global hemostatic assays; endogenous thrombin potential and overall hemostatic potential.Results Nineteen of 45 PwHA had a more than twofold higher FVIII:C using OSA compared to CSA and were considered discrepant. Thirty-four causal mutations were detected, where of five had not previously been associated with assay discrepancy. These novel mutations were p.Tyr25Cys, p.Phe698Leu, p.Met699Leu, p.Ile1698Thr, and Ala2070Val. We found no difference between discrepant and nondiscrepant cases with either of the global assays.Conclusion There was a discrepancy between FVIII:C assays in almost half of the PwHA, which for some could lead to missed HA diagnoses or misclassification of severity. Genotyping confirmed that mutations associated with FVIII:C discrepancy cluster in the A domains of F8, and five mutations not previously associated with FVIII:C discrepancy was identified. Global hemostatic assays did not contribute to distinguish assay discrepancy in PwHA.
“That’s not my understanding”
Authors: Amuzu Evershed K. , Campbell Akua , Ofori Seth 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the extent to which mostly untrained interpreters render accurately the voices of participants in Ghanaian district courts, and how the participants orient to shortcomings in the interpretations. Based on 7.5 hours of audio-recordings, we found that 91% of interpretations were accurate. The 9% of interpretations that were inaccurate were of five types: non-equivalence in propositional content, omissions, elaborations, incorrect grammatical forms and literal translations. We also found that on some occasions, inaccurate interpretations are corrected by other court participants, making the interpreting activity a collaborative effort. Judges were the most likely to intervene when an interpretation went wrong, perhaps a reflection of the sense of responsibility felt by them for anything that happens in their courtroom.
The impact of pragmatic consciousness-raising tasks on EFL learners’ speech act strategy use
Authors: Hosseinpur Rasoul Mohammad , Bagheri Nevisi Reza 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Although there are growing attempts to equip learners with strategies in the ESL/EFL classroom, there has not been much
effort to implement strategies to assist learners in the learning of speech acts (e.g., Cohen &
Ishihara, 2005). This study investigated the impact and effectiveness of instruction on EFL learners’ use of speech act strategies.
A group of 131 Iranian undergraduate students were instructed through deductive consciousness-raising (C-R), inductive C-R, and L1-based C-R
tasks for seven weeks. The results obtained through Cohen and Ishihara’s (2005) speech act
strategy inventory indicated that instruction had a significant impact on participants’ utilization of speech act strategies. It also came
to light that the learners were generally receptive to deductive and L1-based pragmatic C-R tasks. The findings suggest that pragmatic C-R
tasks and especially L1-based tasks are effective means for applying strategies to supporting learners in the acquisition of speech acts.
Text selection proposals in dialogic reading in primary school
Authors: Pulles Maaike , Berenst Jan , Glopper Kees de , Koole Tom 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn dialogic reading during inquiry learning in primary school, pupils read, think and talk together about text fragments for answering their research questions. This paper demonstrates from a conversational analytic perspective, how the shared activity of text selection is constructed in a goal oriented conversation and how text selection proposals are used. Two main practices are identified depending on the situation: (1) when all participants are reading the text for the first time, a text selection proposal is constructed with reading-out-loud fragments, and (2) when only one of the participants is reading the text, a text selection proposal is constructed with an indexical text reference and indicative summary of the topic. In both practices, a separate utterance that functions as a proposal is required to accomplish the complete text selection proposal turn.