bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Meet Me Where I Am’: Mental health service users’ perspectives on the desirable qualities of a mental health nurse
Authors: Horgan Aine , O Donovan Moira , Manning Fionnuala , Doody Rory , Savage Eileen , Dorrity Claire , O’Sullivan Hazel , Goodwin John , Greaney Sonya , Biering Pall , Bjornsson Einar , Bocking Julia , Russell Siobhan , Griffin Martha , MacGabhann Liam , van der Vaart Kornelis Jan , Allon Jerry , Granerud Arild , Hals Elisabeth , Pulli Jarmo , Vatula Annaliina , Ellilä Heikki , Lahti Mari , Happell Brenda 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNurses play a central role in the delivery of quality mental health services. Desired qualities of a mental health nurse, in particular therapeutic relationships, have been described in the literature, primarily reflecting the nursing paradigm. Service users’ perspectives must be more fully understood to reflect contemporary mental health policy and to recognize their position at the centre of mental health service delivery and to directly influence and contribute their perspectives and experiences to mental health nursing education. A qualitative exploratory research project was undertaken to inform and enhance understanding of what service users see as the desired qualities of a mental health nurse. The project was co‐produced by service users as experts by experience, and mental health nurse academics to ensure the service user perspective was privileged. This international project conducted in Europe and Australia included a series of focus groups with service users (n = 50). Data were analysed thematically. Being with me was a major theme identified and reflected the sub‐themes: respect towards service users as persons; empathy, compassion and effective communication; understanding service users; knowledge of services; and fostering hope and believing that recovery is possible. These qualities specifically reflecting the service user perspective must be central to mental health nursing curricula to facilitate the development of holistic care and recovery‐oriented practice. These findings were utilized to directly inform development of a co‐produced mental health nursing learning module, to maximize genuine service user involvement, and to fully realize the benefits of service user led education for undergraduate nursing students.
Spatial inequities of mental health nurses in rural and remote Australia
Authors: Sutarsa Nyoman , Banfield Michelle , Passioura Jason , Konings Paul , Moore Malcolm 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDespite an increased burden from chronic mental health conditions, access to effective mental health services in rural and remote areas is limited, and these services remain spatially undefined. We examine the spatial availability of mental health nurses across local government areas in Australia and identify gaps in mental health service delivery capacity in a finer‐grained level than the state/territory data. A spatial distribution of mental health nurses was conducted. We utilized the 2017 National Health Workforce Dataset which was aggregated to LGA level based on the 2018 Australian Bureau Statistics (ABS) Data. The availability of mental health nurses was measured using the full time equivalent (FTE) rates per 100 000 population. We calculated the proportion of LGAs with zero total FTE rates based on remoteness categories. We also compared the mean of total FTE rates based on remoteness categories using analysis of variance. A spatial distribution of mental health nurses was visualized using GIS software for total FTE rates. Our analysis included 544 LGA across Australia, with 24.8% being defined as remote and very remote. The mean total FTE for mental health nurses per 100 000 populations is 56.6 (±132.2) with a median of 17.4 (IQR: 61.8). A wide standard deviation reflects unequal distribution of mental health nurses across LGAs. The availability of total FTE rates for mental health nurses per 100 000 populations is significantly lower in remote and very remote LGAs in comparison with major cities. As many as 35.1% of LGAs across Australia have no FTE for mental health nurses with 46% are remote and very remote. Our study reflects the existing unequal distribution of mental health nurses between metropolitan/urban setting and rural and remote areas. We suggest three broad strategies to address these spatial inequities: improving supply and data information systems; revisiting task‐shifting strategies, retraining the existing health workforce to develop skills necessary for mental health care to rural and remote communities; and incorporating the provision of mental health services within expanding innovative delivery models including consumer‐led, telemedicine and community‐based groups.
A retrospective analysis of oral and maxillofacial biopsied specimens in Malaysian newborns and infants
Authors: Binti Shuhairi Nadia Najwa , Bt Abdul Jalil Ajura , Lau Shin‐Hin , Bt Mohd Ghazali Sumarni , Kee Chee Cheong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundGlobally, research on oral and maxillofacial lesions among newborns and infants remains limited.AimTo describe demographic patterns, histopathological findings, and locations of oral and maxillofacial lesions in newborns (birth‐1 month) and infants (>1 month‐2 years) reported over 51 years.DesignA retrospective cross‐sectional study on histopathological records of newborns and infants was conducted. Patients’ demographic characteristics (age, gender, and race), histopathological diagnosis, and lesion's location were gathered. Pearson's chi‐square or Fisher's exact test was performed to determine associations between demographic characteristics and different categories of lesions.ResultsOut of 66,546 specimens received, 0.44% (290 specimens) were from patients aged 2 years and younger (27 newborns and 263 infants). The most common category was inflammatory/reactive (44.2%), followed by tumour/tumour‐like (42.0%), cystic/pseudocystic (6.6%), and miscellaneous lesions (5.5%). Mucous extravasation cysts (23.4%) and Langerhans cell histiocytosis (7.2%) were the most common histopathological diagnoses. Tumour/tumour‐like lesions were significant in newborns (P = .021), and majority were congenital epulis (40.7%). Inflammatory/reactive lesions were significantly higher in male (P = .025) and infants (P = <.001) with predominant incidences of mucous extravasation cysts (24.7%). There was a more than one ten probability of malignant lesions

(11.4%).ConclusionRoutine clinical head and neck examinations in newborns and infants are the key to early detection of lesions.
Clinical differences of hand and rotary instrumentations during biomechanical preparation in primary teeth—A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chugh Vinay K. , Patnana Arun K. , Chugh Ankita , Kumar Pravin , Wadhwa Puneet , Singh Surjit 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe hand and rotary instruments are used for cleaning and shaping of root canals during biomechanical preparation in primary teeth.AimTo determine clinical differences of hand versus rotary root canal instrumentation in primary teeth.DesignComprehensive searches were made in four electronic databases [MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, Google Scholar, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials] till March 2020, and prospective studies that met the inclusion criteria were included. The primary outcome was instrumentation time, whereas the secondary outcomes were quality of obturation, obturation time, and clinical and radiographic success. From 604 screened studies, eleven studies qualified for meta‐analysis. The random‐effect model and generic inverse variance approach were used for meta‐analysis.ResultsThere was significant decrease in instrumentation time [MD–5.00 minutes (95% CI: 3.05‐6.94), P < .00001, moderate evidence quality] and obturation time [MD–0.43 minutes (95% CI: 0.15‐0.71), P = .003, low evidence quality] with rotary instrumentation. Optimal quality of obturation was achieved in significantly more number of teeth [risk ratio (RR) = 0.71(95% CI: 0.53‐0.95),P = .02, moderate to high evidence quality] with rotary instrumentation. Similar clinical and radiographic success was observed in hand and rotary instrumentation techniques.ConclusionSignificant reduction in instrumentation time of five minutes was observed using rotary instrumentation with moderate quality evidence.
Mobilising information systems scholarship for a circular economy: Review, synthesis, and directions for future research
Authors: Zeiss Roman , Ixmeier Anne , Recker Jan , Kranz Johann 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOne of today's grand societal challenges is to replace the current ‘take‐make‐waste’ economic model with a circular economic model that allows a gradual decoupling of economic activities from the consumption of finite virgin resources. While circular economy (CE) scholars have long lauded digital technologies such as sensors, distributed ledgers, or platforms as key enablers, our own community has not fully explored the potentials of information systems (IS) for a CE. Considering recent technological advances in software and hardware and our history of helping address wicked challenges, we believe the time is ripe to mobilise IS scholarship for a CE. Our findings from an interdisciplinary literature review show that research has primarily examined IS potentials for increasing efficiency of isolated intra‐organisational processes while neglecting the larger sustainability potential of IS to establish circular material flows—that is, slow down and close material loops across entire product lifecycles. In response, we propose directions for IS research that develop our knowledge of how IS can help understand and enact circular material flows to intensify and extend use of products and components and recycle waste materials. Our directions offer pathways to building and evaluating the problem‐solution pairing that could characterise a prolific CE‐IS relationship.
Transdisciplinary research for sustainability: scoping for project potential
Authors: Bennich Therese , Maneas Giorgos , Maniatakou Sofia , Piemontese Luigi , Schaffer Christina , Schellens Marie , Österlin Carl 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn response to the interconnected character of societal challenges, there is a growing interest in transdisciplinary sustainability research. However, for transdisciplinary research to be able to support the generation of new knowledge in a participatory and reflexive manner, a number of challenges have been identified in each stage of the transdisciplinary research process. In this paper, we respond specifically to the challenge of initiating transdisciplinary research projects, by proposing a process for performing transdisciplinary project scoping. Our group of early‐career researchers share experiences from scoping for transdisciplinary research potential, bridging local stakeholder needs with researchers’ interests across departments and national contexts. We present our methodological approach,which includes tools for stakeholder identification, systems thinking, and gap‐mapping. The approach was applied in the local context of the Navarino Environmental Observatory, Messinia, Greece. The findings identify regional sustainability concerns related to, for example, tourism, agriculture, and environmental management issues. The gap‐map highlights overlaps (e.g., in terms of existing research on the effects of agriculture on water resources), but also how previous research has been conducted on spatial and temporal scales not directly relevant to local actors. We believe that the approach can be used beyond this case study to identify the potential for problem‐oriented inter‐and transdisciplinary research.
Prevalence and risk factors of chronic wounds in nursing homes in Germany
Authors: Raeder Kathrin , Jachan Deborah Elisabeth , Müller‐Werdan Ursula , Lahmann Nils Axel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe burdens caused by chronic wounds on the affected persons themselves and also on the health care system are well recognised. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic wounds in German nursing homes. An annual cross‐sectional study was conducted in nursing home residents from 2012 to 2018. The proportion of men affected by chronic wounds was to some extent higher than that of women, 9.0% males vs 7.5% females. In total, 7.8% of all residents were affected by chronic wounds. Of all residents with a chronic wound, 50.5% were affected by pressure ulcer. Male residents were twice as often affected by diabetic foot ulcer than female residents (18.0% vs 8.9%; P = 0.002). Bivariate analysis showed that chronic wounds were highly associated with poor nutrition, urinary incontinence, stool incontinence, diabetes mellitus, and limited mobility (P = 0.000). According to multivariate analysis, the strongest predictors for chronic wounds were limited mobility and diabetes mellitus. The highest prevalence of chronic wounds was in residents who were not restricted in their mobility, had diabetes, were male, and lived in a metropolitan region (23.7%). This study identified the prevalence and risk factors of chronic wounds in nursing home residents. Further research is needed to identify causal factors of the gender difference in the prevalence of chronic wounds. This may have an impact on the choice of prophylactic and therapeutic measures.
The caries preventing effect of mouthrinsing with 0.025% sodium fluoride solution in Swedish children
Authors: Forsman Britta 
Published: August 2020

abstractWeekly mouthrinses with 0.2% NaF solution have long been carried out with schoolchildren in Växjö, where the water fluoride (F) content is less than 0.2 parts/106. A weaker NaF solution has been tested over a 2‐year period in a double‐blind experiment. A group of 135 children aged 12‐13 years used a 0.025% NaF solution as a weekly mouth‐rinse, while a control group of an equal number of children in the same age group continued weekly rinses with 0.2% NaF solution. Clinical and radiographic caries registration was carried out at the start of the experiment, after 1 year and after 2 years. The loss of participants totalled only 17 children during the 2 years. The results showed fewer new carious surfaces in the groups treated with the weaker solution. The total number of clinically recorded new carious surfaces did not differ statistically between the groups, and the fraction of smooth surface caries showed a significant difference at the 5 % level only in the groups of girls. Radiographically recorded carious proximal surfaces on premolars and molars showed the same trend with fewer new carious surfaces in the groups treated with the weaker solution. The retention of F from mouthrinsing with the weaker solution by children 4 and 6 years of age averaged 0.23 and 0.15 mg, respectively, from 7 ml of solution. In addition to the principal interest inherent in the finding that a weaker NaF solution may have a greater caries preventive effect than a more concentrated solution, the result is of practical significance particularly for F applications for preschool children with their incomplete control of swallowing reflexes and for local treatment in areas with optimal or supraoptimal F content in the drinking water.
Use of fluorides and the learning of interdental cleaning ‐ The dissemination of preventive dental health behavior among adult Norwegians
Authors: Birkeland J. M. , Helöe L. A. 
Published: August 2020

abstractThe present study was carried out to assess the dissemination of two preventive dental health practices: interdental cleaning and use of fluoride‐containing vehicles. Interviews were held with a representative sample of the adult population in Norway. Sixty per cent of the respondents reported having used some vehicle containing fluoride during the week prior to the interview. Nearly all of these had used a fluoridated dentifrice. Thirty‐five per cent of the respondents stated that they had received instruction on how to use vehicles for interdental cleaning. Age and dental treatment pattern seemed to affect the responses.
Induction of multiple follicular development and superovulation in the olive baboon, Papio anubis
Authors: McCarthy Thomas J. , Fortman Jeffrey D. , Boice Melinda L. , Fazleabas Asgerally T. , Verhage Harold G. 
Published: August 2020

The objective of this study was to induce multiple follicular development and superovulation in the olive baboon. Beginning at menses, adult female baboons were treated with hMG for 10 days followed by hCG on day 11. Multiple follicular development was seen in all 19 animals; superovulation occurred in 11 of these. Serum E2 and P levels were consistent with multiple follicular and corpora lutea development, respectively. Ovulated ova were able to be fertilized. These results indicate that olive baboons can be superovulated using a regimen of hMG and hCG, however, development of antibodies against the human hormones precludes restimulation.
The growth hormone secretory response to growth hormone releasing factor in the developing rhesus monkey
Authors: Styne Dennis M. 
Published: August 2020

We studied the development of the GH response to growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) using two doses of GHRH. The newborns demonstrated higher baseline GH and responses to GHRH than animals of any older age. There was no difference noted between the rise in GH in male and female subjects with 10 mcg/kg vs 1 mcg/kg. Serum cortisol concentrations did not correlate with serum GH concentrations. These developmental patterns of serum GH are similar to those known in the human being.
Survey of Saguinus mortality in a zoo colony
Authors: Letcher James 
Published: August 2020

Six years of necropsy records from a zoo colony of four tamarin species (Saguinus oedipus, S. geoffroyi, S. imperator, and S. mystax) were examined. Mean age at death was 4.0 years, average length in the colony at time of death was 3.4 years. Annual mortality rate varied between 9 and 30%. Gross necropsy findings, histopathologic, and bacteriological results indicate primary cause of death as follows: peritonitis (26%), septicemia (14%), nephritis (5%), hepatitis (5%), pneumonia (2%), and others.
Prognostic implications of left ventricular hypertrophy diagnosed on electrocardiogram vs echocardiography
Authors: Pedersen Line Reinholdt , Kristensen Anna Meta Dyrvig , Petersen Søren Sandager , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Bhatt Deepak L. , Juel Jacob , Byrne Christina , Leósdóttir Margrét , Olsen Michael H. , Pareek Manan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIt is unclear whether 12‐lead ECG employing standard criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) provides similar information with respect to long‐term cardiovascular risk as echocardiography. The authors performed a retrospective cohort study of 1376 individuals without cardiovascular disease, who underwent ECG (LVH defined using the Sokolow‐Lyon voltage combination (>35 mm) or the Cornell voltage‐duration product (>2440 mm × ms)) and echocardiography (LVH defined as LV mass index (LVMI) >95 g/m2 for women and >115 g/m2 for men). The prognostic ability of LVH was assessed in Cox regression models adjusted for age, sex, smoking, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, antihypertensive medication, and fasting glucose. The primary end point was the composite of coronary events, heart failure, stroke, or death. The main secondary end point was heart failure or cardiovascular death. Median age was 67 (range 56‐79) years, 68% were male. Eleven percent had ECG‐defined LVH, 17% had echocardiographic LVH. Over median 8.5 years, 29% experienced a primary event. Event rates were 29%/35% for persons without/with ECG‐defined LVH and 27%/39% for those without/with echocardiographic LVH. The Sokolow‐Lyon combination, Cornell product, and ECG‐defined LVH did not significantly predict the primary end point (P ≥ .05), but ECG‐defined LVH predicted heart failure or cardiovascular death (adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13‐3.08); P = .02). Conversely, LVMI was a significant, independent predictor of the primary end point (adjusted HR, 1.87, 95% CI, 1.13‐3.10; P = .01), as was echocardiographic LVH (adjusted HR, 1.27, 95% CI, 1.01‐1.61; P = .04). Echocardiographic LVH may be a better predictor of long‐term cardiovascular risk than ECG‐defined LVH in middle‐aged and older individuals.
Selective blocking of CXCR2 prevents and reverses atrial fibrillation in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Zhang Yun‐Long , Teng Fei , Han Xiao , Li Pang‐Bo , Yan Xiao , Guo Shu‐Bin , Li Hui‐Hua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. Recently, we demonstrated that the chemokine‐receptor CXCR2 plays a critical role in the recruitment of monocytes/macrophages and the development of hypertension and cardiac remodelling. However, the role of CXCR2 in the pathogenesis of hypertensive AF remains unclear. AF was induced in Wistar‐Kyoto rats (WKYs) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) administered with the CXCR2 inhibitor SB225002. Atrial remodelling, pathological changes and electrophysiology were examined. Our results showed that the chemokine CXCL1 and its receptor CXCR2 were markedly increased in atrial tissue of SHRs compared with WKYs. The administration of SB225002 to SHRs significantly reduced the elevation of blood pressure, AF inducibility and duration, atrial remodelling, recruitment of macrophages, superoxide production and conduction abnormalities compared with vehicle treatment. The administration of SB225002 to SHRs also reversed pre‐existing AF development, atrial remodelling, inflammation and oxidative stress. These effects were associated with the inhibition of multiple signalling pathways, including TGF‐β1/Smad2/3, NF‐κB‐P65, NOX1, NOX2, Kir2.1, Kv1.5 and Cx43. In conclusion, this study provides new evidence that blocking CXCR2 prevents and reverses the development of AF in SHRs, and suggests that CXCR2 may be a potential therapeutic target for hypertensive AF.
Rab27A promotes cellular apoptosis and ROS production by regulating the miRNA‐124‐3p/STAT3/RelA signalling pathway in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Luo Yang , Yu Min‐Hao , Yan Ya‐Ru , Zhou Yong , Qin Shao‐Lan , Huang Yi‐Zhou , Qin Jun , Zhong Ming 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUlcerative colitis (UC) is a multifactorial inflammatory disease, and increasing evidence has demonstrated that the mechanism of UC pathogenesis is associated with excessive cellular apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, their function and molecular mechanisms related to UC remain unknown. In this study, Rab27A mRNA and protein were proven to be overexpressed in intestinal epithelial cells of UC patients and DSS‐induced colitis mice, compared with control (P < 0.05). And Rab27A silencing inhibits inflammatory process in DSS‐induced colitis mice (P < 0.05). Then, it was shown that knockdown of Rab27A suppressed apoptosis and ROS production through modulation of miR‐124‐3p, whereas overexpression of Rab27A promoted apoptosis and ROS production in LPS‑induced colonic cells. In addition, enhanced expression of miR‐124‐3p attenuated apoptosis and ROS production by targeting regulation of STAT3 in LPS‑induced colonic cells. Mechanistically, we found Rab27A reduced the expression and activity of miR‐124‐3p to activate STAT3/RelA signalling pathway and promote apoptosis and ROS production in LPS‑induced colonic cells, whereas overexpression of miR‐124‐3p abrogated these effects of Rab27A. More importantly, animal experiments illustrated that ectopic expression of Rab27A promoted the inflammatory process, whereas overexpression of miR‐124‐3p might interfere with the inflammatory effect in DSS‐induced colitis mice. In summary, Rab27A might modulate the miR‐124‐3p/STAT3/RelA axis to promote apoptosis and ROS production in inflammatory colonic cells, suggesting that Rab27A as a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of UC patients.