bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients: A meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Song Dandan , Li Chengqian , Wang Zhongchao , Zhao Yuhang , Shen Baoming , Zhao Wenjuan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAims/IntroductionNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming more and more prevalent in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Evidence connecting NAFLD to diabetic retinopathy (DR) is increasing, but the results vary. Thus, we undertook a meta‐analysis to explore the effect of NAFLD on diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Scopus database were searched for until September 30, 2019. Original studies analyzing the association between NAFLD and diabetic retinopathy in the type 2 diabetic population were included. This meta‐analysis was processed by RevMan 5.3 software. Subgroup analyses based on countries were carried out. The pooled odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were used to evaluate the association between NAFLD and diabetic retinopathy incidence. The I2 test was used to assess heterogeneity of studies.ResultsWe retrieved 414 articles, and nine studies involving 7,170 patients were included in the final analysis. The pooled effects estimate suggested that NAFLD was not associated with the risk of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subgroup analysis suggested that in China, Korea and Iran, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with NAFLD had a decreased risk for diabetic retinopathy compared with the non‐NAFLD individuals. However, in Italy and India, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with NAFLD had an increased risk for diabetic retinopathy compared with the non‐NAFLD individuals. In addition, no relevance between NAFLD and diabetic retinopathy was found in America.ConclusionsOn the whole, there was no association between NAFLD and diabetic retinopathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, subgroup analysis showed that a difference of country may have an influence on the result.
Chromosomal abnormality: Prevalence, prenatal diagnosis and associated anomalies based on a provincial‐wide birth defects monitoring system
Authors: Xie Donghua , Yang Wenzhen , Fang Junqun , Li Haoxian , Xiong Lili , Kong Fanjuan , Wang Aihua , Liu Zhiyu , Wang Hua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimTo investigate the epidemiology of chromosomal abnormalities (CA) in fetuses of all pregnancies based on a provincial‐wide birth defects‐monitoring system, which could provide scientific basis for making relatively policy and research.MethodsChromosomal abnormalities cases were collected from all hospitals in Hunan Province, China, between 2016 and 2019. The prevalence of CAs was calculated to examine associations among infant sex, maternal age and region. The rates of prenatal diagnosis and termination of pregnancy (TOP) involving CA or associated anomalies were calculated as rates or proportions.ResultsFrom 2016 to 2019, a total of 2 883 890 perinatal infants (28 weeks of gestation to postpartum 7 days) underwent prenatal screening and diagnostic tests, and 3181 fetuses were diagnosed as CA, with the prevalence of 11.03/10 000. The average prevalence of CAs was higher for male than female fetuses (11.33/10 000 vs 10.06/10 000) (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05–1.21), which was higher in urban areas than rural areas (23.03/10 000 vs 7.13/10 000) (OR = 3.23, 95% CI: 3.02–3.47), and the prevalence increased linearly with maternal age ( = 1821.844, P = 0.000). Among the fetuses with CAs, 3097 (97.36%) were diagnosed prenatally, and 3046 (98.35%) underwent TOP. The majority of CA were numerical abnormalities (90.18%). The main types of numerical autosomal abnormalities were trisomy 21 (6.69/10 000, 59.57%), trisomy 18 (1.13/10 000, 10.04%) and trisomy 13 (0.21/10 000, 1.88%). The main types of numerical gonosomal abnormalities were Klinefelter syndrome (0.68/10 000, 6.02%), Turner syndrome (0.49/10 000, 4.39%), Triple X syndrome (0.26/10 000, 2.29%) and 47,XYY syndrome (0.21/10 000, 1.91%). The three associated anomalies with the highest proportions were congenital heart defects (CHD) (41.06%), cleft palate or/and cleft lip (10.89%) and congenital talipes equinovarus (8.94%).ConclusionThe prevalence of CA was lower than that reported. Chromosome detection should be further promoted including test contest and coverage, especially for urban areas, older mothers and fetuses with CHD, cleft palate or/and cleft lip or congenital talipes equinovarus.
Nuclear abnormalities in umbilical cord blood lymphocytes of newborns from the Ahome and Guasave municipalities in Sinaloa, Mexico
Authors: Martínez‐Valenzuela Carmen , Huichapan José , Ortega Luis Daniel , Irineo Ana Bertha , Zenteno Edgar , Ruiz‐Ramos Rubén 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimWe measured the frequency of nuclear abnormalities of 210 blood samples from the umbilical cord, since human fetuses are exposed to environmental mixtures of pesticides that induce DNA damage.MethodsThe determinations were made through the micronucleus assay test in lymphocytes from the umbilical cord blood of newborns whose mothers live in Ahome (n = 105) and Guasave (n = 105), Sinaloa, Mexico.ResultsThe average frequency of anomalies in 1000 cells were, respectively: micronucleus 0.4 vs. 2.9, pyknotic cells 18.3 vs. 109.2, chromatin condensation 7.7 vs. 150.1, karyolitic cells 1.8 vs. 24.4, and binucleated cells 4.9 vs. 74.6. The calculated Pearson correlation factors of nuclear abnormality frequencies between both municipalities were low and negative, suggesting that they did not correlate between the Ahome and Guasave newborns and indicating a higher number of mothers exposed in Guasave.ConclusionOur data suggest that monitoring nuclear abnormalities in umbilical cord blood samples could be a useful tool to identify transplacental mutagens perfusion that is being discharged into the local environment.
Self‐management program for adolescents with chronic kidney disease: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sezer Tufan Aslı , Çavuşoğlu Hicran , Düzova Ali 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundIt is important to develop self‐management behaviours in adolescents to prevent chronic kidney disease progression.ObjectivesThis study evaluates the effect of a self‐management program that was developed based on individual and family self‐management theory to aid adolescents with chronic kidney disease in the acquisition of competencies in the management of their disease.DesignThis is a randomized controlled study.ParticipantsThe study was conducted with 20 intervention and 20 control patients, who were treated at two hospitals in Ankara between December 2018 and May 2019.MeasurementsSelf‐Management Assessment Form, Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory‐Adolescent Form and clinical parameters. A training program, specific to chronic kidney disease, was administered over three sessions in a group training setting when the patients came to the clinic for follow‐up. After the training program was completed, the patients were monitored for three months through home visits once every two weeks, totalling six visits.ResultsFollowing the application of self‐management training, a statistically significant difference was found self‐management knowledge and behaviours, quality of life and anxiety mean scores of intervention and control group (p <.05), a significant decrease in only blood urea nitrogen among the clinical parameters when compared to the control group.ConclusionsIn this study, a self‐management training program was developed based on Individual and Family Self‐Management Theory, aiming to have a positive effect on the self‐management behaviours of adolescents in the cognitive and psychosocial domains.
Rural schoolteachers' knowledge about oral health and perceived roles in oral health education
Authors: Lopez Naty , Quick Karin , Sager Joanna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo explore schoolteachers' knowledge about oral health, their perception of their role as oral health educators, and their preparedness to teach oral health in rural public schools.MethodsWe conducted a survey of 119 schoolteachers in four public elementary and middle schools in rural Minnesota during spring semester of 2019. We used descriptive statistics to analyze the data.ResultsSixty percent of 119 teachers participated. Schoolteachers have knowledge about basic oral health hygiene but have limited awareness about fluoride and periodontal disease. Correct agreements to the fluoride statements ranged from 23 percent to 87 percent and 23 percent to 70 percent agreed correctly to statements about periodontal disease. They prefer passive roles in oral health education. There was a high rate of agreement (51‐83 percent) to integrate oral health topics with subjects taught in classrooms.ConclusionsSchoolteachers see themselves as integrating oral health topics in the subjects they currently teach but will need further training to augment their limited knowledge of oral health.
Comparison of depression and anxiety among pacemaker and implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator recipients: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Rafsanjani Mojgan Haj Ahmadi Pour , Masoudi Sima , Radmanesh Majid , Bostani Zahra 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionAnxiety and depression among implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) recipients can lead to physical or psychological consequences and reduce the quality of life of these patients. Few studies have compared the frequency and severity of depressive and anxiety disorders in the pacemaker (PM) and ICD recipients. The aim of the present study was to compare depression and anxiety among PM and ICD recipients.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was performed on 296 patients referred to a specialized cardiology teaching hospital from October 1, 2019 to July 1, 2020. Patients were selected using convenience sampling method.ResultsRegarding anxiety, the results showed that the overall prevalence of anxiety in PM, ICD, and control groups was 23.5%, 28%, and 8%, respectively. Results showed no significant difference between PM and ICD recipients regarding the anxiety prevalence (p = .46). With regard to depression, the results showed that the overall prevalence of depression in the PM, ICD, and control groups was 7.1%, 23%, and 4.1%, respectively. The results showed a significant difference between PM and ICD recipients in terms of depression prevalence (p = .03). The results also showed that the prevalence of depression was significantly higher among PM and ICD recipients than the control group (p = .01).ConclusionConsidering the results of the present study and the high prevalence of anxiety and depression, it seems necessary to focus more on educating patients about the effectiveness of PM and ICD devices in reducing anxiety and depression.
The Historical Presidency: From Truman to Trump: Presidents' Use and Abuse of the Incarceration of Japanese Americans
Authors: Pistol Rachel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFrom Harry Truman to Barack Obama, both Republican and Democratic presidents have recognized the injustice suffered by Japanese Americans incarcerated under President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's Executive Order 9066, offering apologies and redress, including the 1988 Civil Liberties Act signed by Ronald Reagan. This article contextualizes the vast gulf between Donald Trump's use of this contested history and all postwar presidents before him and finds that Trump embodies a changed Republican Party that refuses to honor and learn from the injustice of Japanese American incarceration during the Second World War.
In the eye of the storm…again! Social policy responses to COVID‐19 in Southern Europe
Authors: Moreira Amílcar , Léon Margarita , Coda Moscarola Flavia , Roumpakis Antonios 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to describe and discuss the significance of the social policy measures implemented in Southern European countries—Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain—in response to the first wave of COVID‐19. Our analysis covers interventions from 1 March to June 30, 2020. Despite significant differences in how the COVID‐19 pandemic spread—with Italy and Spain experiencing much higher rates of infection and lethality—Southern European economies are among the most hard‐hit—and are likely to find themselves in the eye of the storm, once more. The paper shows that despite differences in how countries have countered the spread of COVID‐19, there are important commonalities in the actions governments took to counteract the economic impact of the pandemic. Foremost efforts were directed at wage subsidy schemes to contain mass job destruction, additional temporary benefits to compensate self‐employed and other non‐standard workers for the loss of earnings; the expansion of unemployment insurance; and finally, the introduction and/or strengthening of schemes to provide support to families with care responsibilities. The scale of the social policy and employment protection response has nevertheless been constrained by the fiscal position of each individual country in the post‐Euro crisis context. We argue that, in the long run, the response capacity of these governments and the social and economic consequences of this crisis will need to be contextualised against the backdrop of the deep and prolonged impact of austerity‐driven measures on public budgets, production and welfare regimes over the last decade.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Willianms Ellery 
Published: December 2020

Business and Management Studies (BMS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether BMS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 6, Number 4Abdul-Kahar Adam, University of Education, Winneba, GhanaAndrzej Niemiec, Poznań University of Economics and Business, PolandAnnu Tomar, Indian Institute of Management, IndiaAsad Ghalib, The University of Manchester, UKAshford Chea, Benedict College, USAFábio Albergaria de Queiroz, Catholic University of Brasília, BrazilGabriela O. Chiciudean, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaIulia Cristina Muresan, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaIuliana Petronela GÂRDAN, Spiru Haret University, RomaniaJason Caudill, King University, USAKenichi Shimizu, Technical University of Braunschweig, GermanyKonstantinos N. Malagas, University of the Aegean, GreeceMarica Ion Dumitrasco, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, MoldovaMichael Okoche, University of South Africa, UgandaMythili Kolluru, College of Banking and Financial Studies, OmanOnur Dogan, Dokuz Eylül University, TurkeySandeep Kumar, Tecnia Institute of Advanced Studies, Affiliated to GGSIP University Delgi, IndiaZoran Mastilo, University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Ellery WillianmsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Business and Management StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://bms.redfame.com
Can a Multicomponent-Overnight Camp Increase Physical Activity Among Danish Children? A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jakobsen Dorthe Dalstrup , Schipperijn Jasper , Bruun Jens Meldgaard 
Published: December 2020

Background: In Denmark, most children are not sufficiently physically active and only a few interventions have been found to increase long-term physical activity among overweight and obese children. The aim of our study was to investigate if children are physically active in correspondence to Danish recommendations after attending a multicomponent-overnight camp. Methods: A questionnaire was developed to estimate children’s physical activity level and behavior and investigate how transport, economy, availability, time, motivation, and knowledge about physical activity affect children’s physical activity level and behavior. Results: In this study, 60.9% of the children did vigorous physical activity (VPA) minimum 30 minutes 3 times per week up to 3 years after camp. Most children were physically active at a sports club (44.3%) and only 5.7% of the children did not participate in physical activity. Parental physical activity and child motivation toward physical activity were significantly (P < .05) associated with children doing VPA. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that 60.9% of children who attended camp engage in VPA after camp, which compared with a recent Danish study, is more frequent than children who did not attend camp. Further investigations are needed to determine the long-term health effects in children attending interventions such as multicomponent-overnight camps.
Acupuncture for the treatment of lower limb diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a systematic review
Authors: Nash Jane , Armour Mike , Penkala Stefania 
Published: December 2020

Objective: To examine evidence for acupuncture interventions in the management of diabetes-related peripheral neuropathy (DPN) symptoms. Methods: Five electronic databases were searched up to June 2017 for studies that included participants with symptoms of DPN, used an acupuncture intervention, and reported before-and-after DPN-related outcome measures. Two reviewers independently performed the data extraction. The level of homogeneity was assessed, and studies were appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, the STRICTA guidelines for acupuncture reporting and the NICMAN scale for acupuncture quality. Results: Ten studies with 432 participants were included: three randomised controlled trials (RCTs), two pilot RCTs, three uncontrolled clinical trials, one quasi-RCT and one prospective case series. Improvements in DPN pain symptoms were reported by all studies. Heterogeneity of outcome measures prevented a meta-analysis. Variations were found in needle retention time and point selection, as well as total number and frequency of treatments. Common acupuncture point selections were ST36 and SP6. Half of the studies used local point selection. Studies conducted outside China had better acupuncture reporting and quality according to the STRICTA checklist and NICMAN scales, respectively. Risk of bias was high or unclear in the majority of studies for all domains except attrition bias. Conclusions: Acupuncture for DPN appears to improve symptoms. However, the application of acupuncture varies greatly, and the quality of included studies was generally low. Available studies have varying methodologies and different outcome measures. Further, suitably powered studies using appropriate DPN outcome measures are required.
Sirolimus for the treatment of polyposis of the rectal remnant and ileal pouch in four patients with familial adenomatous polyposis: a pilot study
Authors: Roos Victorine H , Meijer Bartolomeus J , Kallenberg Frank G J , Bastiaansen Barbara A J , Koens Lianne , Bemelman Frederike J , Bossuyt Patrick M M , Heijmans Jarom , van den Brink Gijs , Dekker Evelien 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveAfter prophylactic colectomy, adenomas continue to develop in the remaining intestine of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). There is a lack of standard clinical recommendation for chemoprevention in patients with FAP. Because of promising in vivo studies, the aim of this pilot study was to investigate the safety of sirolimus and its effect on progression of intestinal adenomas.DesignPatients with FAP with InSiGHT Polyposis Staging System 3 of the retained rectum or pouch received sirolimus for 6 months, dosed at plasma concentration levels of 5–8 µg/L. Primary outcomes were safety and change in marked polyp size. Secondary outcomes were change in number of polyps and effect on proliferation and apoptosis assessed by immunohistochemistry.ResultsEach of the included four patients reported 4 to 18 adverse events (toxicity grades 1–3). One patient prematurely terminated the study because of adverse events. Marked polyp size decreased in 16 (80%)/20 and remained the same in 4 (20%)/20 patients. The number of polyps decreased in all patients (MD −25.75, p=0.13). Three out of four patients showed substantial induction of apoptosis or inhibition of proliferation.ConclusionSix months of sirolimus treatment in four patients with FAP showed promising effects especially on the number of polyps in the rectal remnant and ileal pouch, although at the cost of numerous adverse events.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov IDNCT03095703.
Prevalence, risk factors and metabolic profile of the non-obese and obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a rural community of South Asia
Authors: Rahman M Masudur , Kibria Md Golam , Begum Hasina , Haque Mazhar , Sultana Nigar , Akhter Mahfuza , Rowshon A H M , Ahmed Faruqe , Hasan Mahmud 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionSince there is a paucity of data on the epidemiology of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), particularly in rural areas in Asia, we undertook such a study among the population of a rural community in Bangladesh with the aims to (1) determine the prevalence of non-obese and obese NAFLD, (2) compare the sociodemographic clinical and metabolic characteristics between non-obese and obese NAFLD subjects, and (3) determine the risk factors of NAFLD and no-nobese NAFLD.MethodsIn this door-to-door survey, clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, biochemical tests and ultrasonography were performed on the adult population (≥18 years) of three villages in Bangladesh.ResultsOf 1682, 1353 (80.44%) responded. After the exclusion of 48 subjects for alcohol consumption, HBsAg or anti-hepatitis C virus positivity, 1305 ((mean age 41.28±15.10 years, female 908 (69.6%)) were included in the final analysis. On ultrasonography, among the study population, 57 (4.4%) non-obese, 185 (14.2%) obese and, overall, 242 (18.5 %, (male 23.40%, female 16.4%, p=0. 003)) participants had NAFLD. NAFLD was detected in 57/804 (7.1%) of non-obese and 185/501 (36.93%) obese participants. Among the lean subjects, 24/592 (4.1%) had NAFLD. Among NAFLD subjects, 57 (23.55%) were non-obese, and 53 (22%) had raised alanine aminotransferase. On multivariate analysis, age >40 years, male gender, metabolic syndrome (MS), diabetes mellitus (DM), abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and obesity were found as the risk factors for NAFLD. There were no differences in sociodemographic characteristics, DM, MS, abdominal obesity, hypertension and dyslipidaemia between non-obese and obese NAFLD (all p>0.05).ConclusionIn this community study in Bangladesh, NAFLD was present in 18.5% participants, one-quarter of whom were non-obese. Apart from body mass index, the metabolic profile was comparable between obese and non-obese NAFLD. Public health measures are needed to control and prevent NAFLD and MS and their adverse health consequences.