bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the effectiveness of a disaster preparedness nursing education program in Chengdu, China
Authors: Xia Rui , Li Sijian , Chen Bingbing , Jin Qiu , Zhang Zipeng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo develop and evaluate a disaster nursing preparedness training program to improve nursing students’ ability in disaster fundamentals, triage, and family preparedness when facing a disaster.Design and SampleAn experimental study was applied using a pretest and post‐test control group design. Participants were randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 31) and control (n = 32) groups.MeasuresThe program lasted 7 hr. All participants completed structured questionnaires at three time points. Results were compared between the two groups using Mann–Whitney U tests. Outcome measures were knowledge, skill, and attitude.ResultsStudents receiving the program displayed greater increases in knowledge and skills related to disaster preparedness than those in the control group. One month after the intervention, the experimental group still had significantly higher levels of disaster knowledge and skill than the control group. There were no statistically significant differences over time in attitude measures.ConclusionsThis program enhanced students’ ability and the findings can serve as a basis for further developing public health education for all nurses. Chinese leaders of public health institutions and nursing administrators can create guidelines for PHN competencies and prepare the public health nursing workforce to be effective in disaster, preparedness, response, and recovery.
The value of anti‐rods and rings antibodies in Western China population: A retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhai Jianzhao , Wang Lu , Huang Zhuochun , Hu Jing , Li Lixin , Zhang Junlong , Tang Honghu , Yang Min , Wu Yongkang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe study aimed to retrospectively investigate the clinical significance of anti‐rods and rings (anti‐RR) antibodies in antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) test samples of western China. Between January 2016 and November 2018, the laboratory data and clinical details of patients with positive anti‐RR antibodies were collected and analysed. The results showed that total of 197 227 patients tested, 109 453 patients presented with positive ANAs (55.50%), but only 107 patients with positive anti‐RR antibodies (0.10%), including 51 females and 56 males. Diagnose were established in 51 of 107 patients: 25 were hepatopathy (HCV 8/25, HBV 12/25); 13 were autoimmune diseases (AID); and 7 were renal insufficiency; 6 were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We make the conclusions that anti‐RR antibodies have a low prevalence, and there is no gender difference. Anti‐RR antibodies exist other diseases besides hepatitis C, such as HBV, some autoimmune diseases, renal insufficiency and COPD, which we need further investigation.
Geometric consistency of principal component scores for high‐dimensional mixture models and its application
Authors: Yata Kazuyoshi , Aoshima Makoto 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this article, we consider clustering based on principal component analysis (PCA) for high‐dimensional mixture models. We present theoretical reasons why PCA is effective for clustering high‐dimensional data. First, we derive a geometric representation of high‐dimension, low‐sample‐size (HDLSS) data taken from a two‐class mixture model. With the help of the geometric representation, we give geometric consistency properties of sample principal component scores in the HDLSS context. We develop ideas of the geometric representation and provide geometric consistency properties for multiclass mixture models. We show that PCA can cluster HDLSS data under certain conditions in a surprisingly explicit way. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of the clustering using gene expression datasets.
The psychology of privacy in the digital age
Authors: Stuart Avelie , Bandara Arosha K. , Levine Mark 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPrivacy is a psychological topic suffering from historical neglect—a neglect that is increasingly consequential in an era of social media connectedness, mass surveillance, and the permanence of our electronic footprint. Despite fundamental changes in the privacy landscape, social and personality psychology journals remain largely unrepresented in debates on the future of privacy. By contrast, in disciplines like computer science and media and communication studies, engaging directly with sociotechnical developments, interest in privacy has grown considerably. In our review of this interdisciplinary literature, we suggest four domains of interest to psychologists. These are as follows: sensitivity to individual differences in privacy disposition, a claim that privacy is fundamentally based in social interactions, a claim that privacy is inherently contextual, and a suggestion that privacy is as much about psychological groups as it is about individuals. Moreover, we propose a framework to enable progression to more integrative models of the psychology of privacy in the digital age and in particular suggest that a group and social relations–based approach to privacy is needed.
Leprosy in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil: an integrated spatiotemporal approach
Authors: Ferreira Anderson Fuentes , Amorim de Sousa Eliana , Soledad Márdero García Gabriela , da Silva dos Reis Adriana , Corona Francesco , da Silveira Lima Mauricélia , Silva Nascimento Andrade Elaine , Ribeiro Filha Carmelita , Alves de Sena Neto Sebastião , Mendes Donato Isaac , Novaes Ramos Jr Alberto 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse the spatiotemporal patterns of leprosy occurrence in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil from 2001 to 2017.MethodsMixed population‐based ecological study with spatial and temporal trend analysis of epidemiological indicators based on new cases reported to the Information System for Notifiable Diseases of the Ministry of Health occurring in individuals residing in North and Northeast states of Brazil.ResultsA total of 396 987 new cases were analysed; 9.2% of these involved children <15 years of age, and 5.4% involved individuals with grade 2 disability (G2D). The Northeast region recorded 66.4% of the new cases. Most cases involved males between 15 and 59 years of age and of brown race/colour. The temporal trend showed a reduction in most of the indicators and study variables. The G2D rate did not have trends over time in the Northeast Region, in individuals 0–14 years of age, or in municipalities with ‘very high’ social vulnerability indexes. The spatial and spatiotemporal analysis showed the presence of hyperendemic foci with high detection risk involving municipalities in the states of Tocantins, Pará and Maranhão.ConclusionLeprosy in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil persists as a critical public health problem. Temporal and spatiotemporal patterns identified in this study confirm that leprosy remains epidemiologically relevant in vulnerable areas. Surveillance and control interventions are needed in municipalities with low detection in the general population, in children and in individuals with G2D, to reduce late diagnosis.
Relationship between physical activity level and psychosocial and socioeconomic factors and issues in children and adolescents with asthma: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Westergren Thomas , Berntsen Sveinung , Ludvigsen Mette Spliid , Aagaard Hanne , Hall Elisabeth O.C. , Ommundsen Yngvar , Uhrenfeldt Lisbeth , Fegran Liv 
Published: November 2019

Review question/objective:The first objective of this scoping review is to identify and map information about instruments used to measure psychosocial and socioeconomic factors associated with level of physical activity (PA) in children and adolescents with asthma that have been reported in quantitative literature, and to report on the construction and validation of these instruments. The second objective is to identify and map psychosocial and socioeconomic issues related to PA level reported in qualitative literature and gaps in the evidence on the relationship between psychosocial and socioeconomic factors and PA level in children and adolescents with asthma.Specifically the review questions are as follows:Which instruments have been used to assess the association between psychosocial and socioeconomic factors and PA level in children and adolescents with asthma in quantitative primary studies, and how has information about the construction, validity and reliability of these instruments been reported?Which psychosocial and socioeconomic issues related to PA level in children and adolescents with asthma have been explored in qualitative primary studies?
Emergency department interventions for persons with dementia presenting with ambulatory care-sensitive conditions: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Temple Beverley A. , Krishnan Preetha , O’Connell Beverly , Grant Lyle G. , Demczuk Lisa 
Published: November 2019

Review question/objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to examine and map, within existing literature, the characteristics of emergency department/urgent care interventions, strategies or contextual factors, implemented to reduce unnecessary hospitalization of people with dementia (PWD) presenting at the emergency department/urgent care with ambulatory care-sensitive conditions (ACSC).
More specifically, the review questions are:What non-pharmacological interventions or strategies, including, but not limited to, screening, assessments, clinical pathways, appropriate referrals and sensory overload reduction, are used in emergency departments for PWD presenting with ACSC?What are the characteristics and settings of these interventions, and how do they affect the disposition of PWD?What contextual factors, including, but not limited to, staff education, staffing mix and levels, and alterations to the physical environment, exist in emergency department/urgent care?What are the characteristics of these factors and the settings in which they are used?
Impact of professional interpreters on outcomes of hospitalized children from migrant and refugee families with low English proficiency: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Boylen Susan , Wilson Sally , Gill Fenella , Cherian Sarah , Dantas Jaya A.R. 
Published: November 2019

Review question/objective:
The overall objective is to identify, critically appraise and synthesize evidence on the impact of professional interpreters on outcomes for hospitalized children (aged 0–18 years) from migrant and refugee families with low English proficiency.
More specifically, does the intervention of the use of a professional interpreter for migrant and refugee families with low English proficiency impact on:
Children's hospital length of stay, unplanned readmission rates and non-attendance rates at clinic appointments?Child and/or parent satisfaction with care in hospital?Adherence to treatment, medication errors and adverse events relating to the child in hospital?
Output Error Methods for Robot Identification
Authors: Brunot Mathieu , Janot Alexandre , Carrillo Francisco , Cheong Joono , Noël Jean-Philippe 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Industrial robot identification is usually based on the inverse dynamic identification model (IDIM) that comes from Newton's laws and has the advantage of being linear with respect to the parameters. Building the IDIM from the measurement signals allows the use of linear regression techniques like the least-squares (LS) or the instrumental variable (IV) for instance. Nonetheless, this involves a careful preprocessing to deal with sensor noise. An alternative in system identification is to consider an output error approach where the model's parameters are iteratively tuned in order to match the simulated model's output and the measured system's output. This paper proposes an extensive comparison of three different output error approaches in the context of robot identification. One of the main outcomes of this work is to show that choosing the input torque as target identification signal instead of the output position may lead to a gain in robustness versus modeling errors and noise and in computational time. Theoretical developments are illustrated on a six degrees-of-freedom rigid robot.
‘It was a ravage!’: lived experiences of epidemic cholera in rural Haiti
Authors: Guillaume Yodeline , Raymond Max , Jerome Gregory J , Ternier Ralph , Ivers Louise C 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionA cholera epidemic began in Haiti over 8 years ago, prompting numerous, largely quantitative research studies. Assessments of local ‘knowledge, attitudes and practices’ relevant for cholera control have relied primarily on cross-sectional surveys. The voices of affected Haitians have rarely been elevated in the scientific literature on the topic.MethodsWe undertook focus groups with stakeholders in the Artibonite region of Haiti in 2011, as part of planning for a public health intervention to control cholera at the height of the epidemic. In this study, we coded and analysed themes from 55 community members in five focus groups, focusing on local experiences of cholera and responses to the prevention messages.ResultsThe majority of participants had a personal experience with cholera and described its spread in militaristic terms, as a disease that ‘attacked’ individuals, ‘ravaged’ communities and induced fear. Pre-existing structural deficiencies were identified as increasing the risk of illness and death. Knowledge of public health messages coincided with some improvements in water treatment and handwashing, but not changes in open defecation in their community, and was sometimes associated with self-blame or shame. Most participants cited constrained resources, and a minority listed individual neglect, for inconsistent or unimproved practices.ConclusionThe experience of epidemic cholera in a rural Haitian community at the beginning of a major outbreak included a high burden and was exacerbated by poverty, which increased risk while hindering practice of known prevention messages. To interrupt cholera transmission, public health education must be paired with investments in structural improvements that expand access to prevention and healthcare services.
Supporting Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services to deliver alcohol care: protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Harrison Kristie H , Lee KS Kylie , Dobbins Timothy , Wilson Scott , Hayman Noel , Ivers Rowena , Haber Paul S , Conigrave James H , Johnson David , Hummerston Beth , Gray Dennis , Conigrave Katherine 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionIndigenous peoples who have experienced colonisation or oppression can have a higher prevalence of alcohol-related harms. In Australia, Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHSs) offer culturally accessible care to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) peoples. However there are many competing health, socioeconomic and cultural client needs.Methods and analysisA randomised cluster wait-control trial will test the effectiveness of a model of tailored and collaborative support for ACCHSs in increasing use of alcohol screening (with Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C)) and of treatment provision (brief intervention, counselling or relapse prevention medicines).SettingTwenty-two ACCHSs across Australia.RandomisationServices will be stratified by remoteness, then randomised into two groups. Half receive support soon after the trial starts (intervention or ‘early support’); half receive support 2 years later (wait-control or ‘late support’).The supportCore support elements will be tailored to local needs and include: support to nominate two staff as champions for increasing alcohol care; a national training workshop and bimonthly teleconferences for service champions to share knowledge; onsite training, and bimonthly feedback on routinely collected data on screening and treatment provision.Outcomes and analysisPrimary outcome is use of screening using AUDIT-C as routinely recorded on practice software. Secondary outcomes are recording of brief intervention, counselling, relapse prevention medicines; and blood pressure, gamma glutamyltransferase and HbA1c. Multi-level logistic regression will be used to test the effectiveness of support.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from eight ethics committees: the Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council of New South Wales (1217/16); Central Australian Human Research Ethics Committee (CA-17-2842); Northern Territory Department of Health and Menzies School of Health Research (2017-2737); Central Queensland Hospital and Health Service (17/QCQ/9); Far North Queensland (17/QCH/45-1143); Aboriginal Health Research Ethics Committee, South Australia (04-16-694); St Vincent’s Hospital (Melbourne) Human Research Ethics Committee (LRR 036/17); and Western Australian Aboriginal Health Ethics Committee (779).Trial registration numberACTRN12618001892202; Pre-results.
Rapid increase of gonorrhoea cases in Guangdong Province, China, 2014–2017: a review of surveillance data
Authors: Wang Cheng , Tang Weiming , Zhao Peizhen , Tucker Joseph , Chen Lei , Smith M Kumi , Wong Ngai Sze , Dong Willa , Yang Bin , Zheng Heping 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesAn increased trend in the number of reported gonorrhoea cases has been observed between 2014 and 2017 in China. This study aims to describe the reported epidemic of gonorrhoea and potential driving forces in Guangdong Province, China.DesignA review of surveillance data.ParticipantsThree different sources of data from Guangdong Province were analysed: gonorrhoea cases reported to the Chinese sexually transmitted infections (STI) case report system (CRS); a clinic-based retrospective study conducted to collect information on annual gonorrhoea screening coverage and data from the Guangdong governmental sentinel surveillance network (SSN) to examine the gonorrhoea prevalence among males attending STI clinics.Outcome measuresReported incidence of gonorrhoea, number of reported gonorrhoea cases, number of screening tests for gonorrhoea and gonorrhoea prevalence.ResultsThe STI CRS data showed that the reported incidence of gonorrhoea has increased rapidly from 15.7 cases per 100 000 population in 2014 to 27.3 cases per 100 000 in 2017 in Guangdong (p<0.001). Regions with a reported incidence of gonorrhoea cases of more than 10 cases per 100 000 expanded from 7 cities in 2014 to 13 cities in 2017. The SSN data showed that the gonorrhoea prevalence among males attending STI clinics increased from 2.7% in 2015 to 3.6% in 2017 (p=0.14). The retrospective study showed that the increased rate of screening for gonorrhoea between 2014 and 2017 was 35.0%, which was much lower than the increased rate of the number of reported gonorrhoea cases (123.3%).ConclusionsThe number of gonococcal infections is rapidly rising in Guangdong, China. Expanded screening coverage, use of more sensitive diagnostics and increase of gonorrhoea prevalence are three potential contributors to the epidemic. Additional targeted intervention strategies are necessary in the future to control the epidemic.
Can physical testing be used to distinguish between migraine and cervicogenic headache sufferers? A protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Anarte Ernesto , Ferreira Carvalho Gabriela , Schwarz Annika , Luedtke Kerstin , Falla Deborah 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionDifferential diagnosis of migraine and cervicogenic headache (CGH) can be challenging given the large overlap of symptoms, commonly leading to misdiagnosis and ineffective treatment. In order to strengthen the differential diagnosis of headache, previous studies have evaluated the utility of physical tests to examine for musculoskeletal impairment, mainly in the cervical spine, which could be provoking or triggering headache. However, no systematic review has attempted to evaluate whether physical tests can differentiate CGH from migraine or both conditions from asymptomatic subjects.Methods/analysisA systematic review protocol has been designed and is reported in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P). A sensitive topic-based search strategy is planned which will include databases, hand searching of key journals and consultation of relevant leading authors in this field. Terms and keywords will be selected after discussion and agreement. Two independent reviewers will perform the search and select studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, including any cohort or observational studies evaluating the topic of this review; a third reviewer will confirm accuracy. A narrative synthesis will be developed for all included studies and, if possible, a meta-analysis will be conducted. The overall quality of the evidence will be assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) checklist for diagnostic accuracy studies and the Downs and Black scale for those studies where the QUADAS-2 checklist cannot be applied.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required since no patient information will be collected. The results will provide a deeper understanding about the possibility of using physical tests to differentiate cervicogenic headache from migraine and from asymptomatic subjects, which has direct relevance for clinicians managing people with headache. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019135269.
Study protocol for the assessment of nurses internal contamination by antineoplastic drugs in hospital centres: a cross-sectional multicentre descriptive study
Authors: Villa Antoine , Molimard Mathieu , Bignon Emmanuelle , Martinez Béatrice , Rouyer Magali , Mathoulin-Pelissier Simone , Baldi Isabelle , Verdun-Esquer Catherine , Canal-Raffin Mireille 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionAntineoplastic drugs (AD) are potentially carcinogenic and/or reprotoxic molecules. Healthcare professionals are increasingly exposed to these drugs and can be potentially contaminated by them. Internal contamination of professionals is a key concern for occupational physicians in the assessment and management of occupational risks in healthcare settings. Objectives of this study are to report AD internal contamination rate in nursing staff and to identify factors associated with internal contamination.Methods and analysisThis trial will be conducted in two French hospital centres: University Hospital of Bordeaux and IUCT-Oncopole of Toulouse. The target population is nurses practicing in one of the fifteen selected care departments where at least one of the five studied AD is handled (5-fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, ifosfamide, methotrexate). The trial will be conducted with the following steps: (1) development of analytical methods to quantify AD urine biomarkers, (2) study of the workplace and organization around AD in each care department (transport and handling, professional practices, personal and collective protection equipments available) (3) development of a self-questionnaire detailing professional activities during the day of inclusion, (4) nurses inclusion (urine samples and self-questionnaire collection), (5) urine assays, (6) data analysis.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been approved by the French Advisory Committee on the Treatment of Information in Health Research (CCTIRS) and by the French Data Protection Authority (CNIL). Following the opinion of the Regional Committee for the Protection of Persons, this study is outside the scope of the provisions governing biomedical research and routine care (n°2014/87). The results will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals and reported at suitable national and international meetings.Trial registration numberNCT03137641.