bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell-specific Characterization of the Placental Methylome
Authors: Yuan Victor , Hui Desmond , Yin Yifan , Peñaherrera Maria , Beristain Alexander , Robinson Wendy 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
DNA methylation (DNAm) profiling has emerged as a powerful tool for characterizing the placental methylome. However, previous studies have focused primarily on whole placental tissue, which is a mixture of epigenetically distinct cell populations. Here, we present the first methylome-wide analysis of first trimester (n = 9) and term (n = 19) human placental samples of four cell populations: trophoblasts, Hofbauer cells, endothelial cells, and stromal cells, using the Illumina EPIC methylation array, which quantifies DNAm at > 850,000 CpGs.
Results
The most distinct DNAm profiles were those of placental trophoblasts, which are central to many pregnancy-essential functions, and Hofbauer cells, which are a rare understudied macrophage population thought to derive from fetal monocytes. Cell-specific DNAm occurs at functionally-relevant genes, including genes associated with placental development and preeclampsia. Known placental-specific methylation marks, such as those associated with genomic imprinting, repetitive element hypomethylation, and placental partially methylated domains, were found to be more pronounced in trophoblasts and often absent in Hofbauer cells. Lastly, we characterize the cell composition and cell-specific DNAm dynamics across gestation.
Conclusions
Our results provide a comprehensive analysis of DNAm in human placental cell types from first trimester and term pregnancies. This data will serve as a useful DNAm reference for future placental studies, and we provide access to this data via download from dbGAP (phs002013.v1.p1), through interactive exploration from the web browser (https://robinsonlab.shinyapps.io/Placental_Methylome_Browser/), and through the R package planet, which allows estimation of cell composition directly from placental DNAm data.
Ecology-guided prediction of cross-feeding interactions in the human gut microbiome
Authors: Goyal Akshit , Wang Tong , Dubinkina Veronika , Maslov Sergei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Understanding a complex microbial ecosystem such as the human gut microbiome requires information about both microbial species and the metabolites they produce and secrete. These metabolites are exchanged via a large network of cross-feeding interactions, and are crucial for predicting the functional state of the microbiome. However, till date, we only have information for a part of this network, limited by experimental throughput. Here, we propose an ecology-based computational method, GutCP, using which we predict hundreds of new experimentally untested cross-feeding interactions in the human gut microbiome. GutCP utilizes a mechanistic model of the gut microbiome with the explicit exchange of metabolites and their effects on the growth of microbial species. To build GutCP, we combined metagenomic and metabolomic measurements from the gut microbiome with optimization techniques from machine learning. Close to 65% of the cross-feeding interactions predicted by GutCP are supported by evidence from genome annotation; we provide these predictions for experimentally testing. Our method has the potential to greatly improve existing models of the human gut microbiome, as well as our ability to predict the metabolic profile of the gut.
The impact of subclinical hypothyroidism on long-term outcomes in older patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Liu Yong-Sheng , Wei Mei , Wang Le , Liu Gang , Ma Guo-Ping , Ono Katsushige , Cao Ze-Long , Yang Man , Zheng Ming-Qi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSubclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is reportedly associated with an increased risk of adverse events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The prognostic significance of SCH in the elderly was poorly defined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between SCH and long-term outcomes in older patients undergoing PCI. Methods and Results 3168 patients aged 65 years or older who underwent PCI from January 2012 to October 2013 were included. Patients were divided into SCH group (n = 320) and euthyroidism (ET) group (n = 2848) based on thyroid function test. Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were used to estimate the relative risks (RRs) of all-cause death and cardiac death for patients with SCH during a 4-year follow-up period. There were 227 deaths during the follow-up period including 124 deaths caused by cardiac events. There was no significant difference in mortality rate between the SCH group and the ET group (p > 0.05). After adjustment for covariates, compared with patients with ET, the RRs of death from all-cause and cardiac in patients with SCH were 1.261 (95%CI: 0.802–1.982, p = 0.315) and 1.231 (95%CI: 0.650–2.334, p = 0.524), respectively. When SCH was stratified by age, gender, and degree of thyroid-stimulating hormone elevation, no significant associations were also found in any stratum. Conclusion Our investigation revealed that SCH was negatively associated with the outcome of PCI in older patients.
A Grounded Theory Exploration of Language Massive Open Online Courses (LMOOCs): Understanding Students’ Viewpoints
Authors: Hsu Liwei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have been called the biggest innovation to happen in education for 200 years for their unique attribute of being open and free to any individual with Internet access; however, their high dropout rate has led many people to be concerned or dubious about MOOCs’ effectiveness and applicability. The applicability of MOOCs in English for specific purposes (ESP) courses (in this case, Hospitality English) needs more empirical evidence; the present study intends to help fill this gap and extend our current understanding of this issue. This study followed a grounded theory methodology to develop a theoretical model based on constant dialogue between collected data and the literature. The results suggest that most participants had positive perceptions of LMOOCs in general but that some of them doubted the applicability of LMOOCs. Most participants said they would continue to use LMOOCs in learning, depending on the attributes of specific courses. Based on the extracted data, a conceptual model for the applicability of LMOOCs is proposed.
Male Partner Involvement In The Utilization Of Antenatal Care Services In Kidera, Buyende District, Uganda: Cross Sectional Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Alupo Priscilla , Atim Esther Ruth , Kaggwa Henry , Mudondo Calorine , Ogallo Cliveland , Ogwang Jesse , Wanume Benon , Nekaka Rebecca , Nteziyaremye Julius 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Antenatal care, one of the pillars of safe motherhood, is a proven a concept aimed at reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is a largely a health preventive and promotive activity. In order to foster its utilization and the desired benefits, the males who are largely key decision makers especially in patriarchal societies have to be involved. This concept of male involvement (MI) is essential in curtailing the gender inequality and improves the family livelihood. Although different strategies have been employed to woe males into ANC clinics, their involvement is largely lacking in Uganda. This study reports level of males’ involvement, their knowledge and attitudes of ANC and influencing factors . Methods: This was a cross sectional community descriptive study that employed quantitative and qualitative methods. Our qualitative data study was based on the phenomenological design and rooted into the Grounded theory. For quantitative study, 135 adult males were recruited and collected data analyzed using SPSS software (version 24) while for qualitative data collection, Focus Group Discussions(FGDs) were held for 60males and each transcript was analyzed by two researchers using NVIVO software version 12.Coding was done and themes developed. Results: Male involvement as assessed based on different activities was between 51.1 % and 85.2 %.Although 77.8% had ever accompanied their partner for ANC, only 9.6% did so on at least 4 occasions and 88.9% never received any supplementary service during the visit. Significantly males were generally knowledgeable and had positive attitude towards ANC. Also 65.4% reported their partner felt comfortable once accompanied.However during FGDs, males described ANC as a room for checking pregnant women, time wasting and unpleasant for the males with no privacy and rude staff. They were further wary of being tested as a couple for HIV. Despite challenges, ANC couple attendance was credited with potential of fostering unity.Conclusions: Male involvement is improving in Uganda but more needs to be done in educating men about their importance in ANC. Couple friendly infrastructure that ensures privacy, staff training that ensures customer care tailored towards being more sensitive and responsive to couples’ may improve MI.
Relationship Between Foot Length And Gestational Age In Pakistan
Authors: Tikmani Shiyam Sunder , Roujani Sana , Azam Syed Iqbal , Yasmin Haleema , Bano Khadija , Jessani Saleem , Reza Sayyeda , McClure Elizabeth M , Goldenberg Robert L , Saleem Sarah 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Neonatal mortality in preterm live births is high. Therefore, knowledge of the gestational age (GA) at birth is crucial for the management and predicting prognosis of a newborn. Common methods for estimating GA such as the last menstrual period, ultrasonography, and post-natal Ballard scoring have some limitations. This study aimed to determine the relationship between foot length and GA and to develop a regression equation for predicting GA of the neonates born in Pakistan. Methods: Data for this analysis were extracted from the hospital files of eligible women by trained study midwives. Midwives were also trained in performing the Ballard examination and taking foot length using a disposable measuring tape within an hour of the birth. The measurement was taken from the mid-point of the heel to the end of the longest toe. The GA was calculated using an android-based GA calculator, which used a report of last menstrual period, ultrasound examination, and Ballard examination. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 19. Scatter plots were constructed to assess the linearity and co-efficient of determination and the correlation was calculated. Simple and Multiple Linear regression was used to construct predicting equations for GA.Results: Both foot length and GA were available for 1542 cases and were analyzed. The median GA was 34.5 weeks with an interquartile range (IQR 4.7) and the median foot length was 7 cm (IQR 1.4). There was a positive linear relationship between foot length and GA (r2 81.7%, p-value <0.001). Stratified analysis showed an r2 of 81.7% for males and 81.6% for females. The r2 for stillbirths was 84.1% and, 82.3% for live births. The r2 for macerated stillbirths was 88.6% and 90.6% for fresh stillbirths. Conclusion: In resource poor settings, the use of foot length can estimate GA in both live births and stillbirths and can easily identify preterm infants to initiate early management.
One-year results of half-dose versus one-third-dose photodynamic therapy in chronic or recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Jirarattanasopa Pichai , Vanchalerm Banchasakjaroen , Mansing Ratanasukon 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
To compare the efficacy of half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) and one-third-dose PDT in chronic or recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).
Methods
A retrospective review of patients with chronic or recurrent CSC who were treated with half-dose or one-third-dose PDT and followed for 12 months afterwards. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT) and resolution of subretinal fluid (SRF) at baseline and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months post-PDT were assessed.
Results
Forty-six eyes and 20 eyes received half-dose and one-third-dose PDT, respectively. The study showed efficacy of the one-third-dose PDT compared with half-dose PDT in BCVA improvement (0.10 ± 0.04 logMAR for one-third-dose versus 0.17 ± 0.04 for half-dose, P = 0.293) and CRT improvement (125.6 ± 24.6 µm for one-third-dose versus 139.1 ± 16.54 for half-dose, P = 0.652) at 12 months. The SRF recurrence rate was significantly higher in the one-third-dose PDT group compared with the half-dose PDT group (40.0% versus 15.2%, P = 0.027) at 12-months.
Conclusion
At 12 months, the one-third-dose PDT was effective in term of BCVA and CRT improvement, when compared with half-dose PDT. However, this study showed that one-third-dose PDT had a higher recurrence rate of SRF.
Baseline Total Metabolic Tumor Volume Combined with International Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Project may Improve Prognostic Stratification for Patients with Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma (PTCL)
Authors: Jiang Chong , Teng Yue , Chen Jieyu , Wang Zhen , Zhou Zhengyang , Ding Chongyang , Xu Jingyan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the prognostic value of total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) at baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients diagnosed with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL).Materials and methods: Eighty-four PTCL patients who underwent baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT between March 2009 and January 2019 and did not receive treatment were enrolled in this retrospective study. The FDG-avid lesions in each patient were segmented using semiautomated software to calculate the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) values using the boundaries of voxels presenting with the 41% SUVmax threshold method. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were used as end points to evaluate patient prognosis. The log-rank test and Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate PFS and OS.Results: ROC curve analysis indicated an ideal TMTV cut-off value of 228.8 cm3. During the 4-131month (29.2±28.5 months) follow-up period, high TMTV was significantly associated with worse PFS and OS. TMTV and the international peripheral T-cell lymphoma project score (IPTCLP) were independent predictors of PFS and OS with multivariate analysis. The combination of TMTV and the IPTCLP may provide significantly better risk substratification in PFS and OS of PTCL patients.Conclusions: Both TMTV and IPTCLP are independent predictors of PTCL patient survival outcomes. Moreover, the combination of TMTV and IPTCLP improved patient risk stratification and may contribute to personalized therapeutic regimens.
Striatal Dopamine Transporter Spect Quantification: Head-to-Head Comparison Between Two Three-Dimensional Automatic Tools
Authors: Morbelli Silvia , Arnaldi Dario , Cella Eugenia , Raffa Stefano , Donegani Isabella , Capitanio Selene , Massa Federico , Miceli Alberto , Filippi Laura , Nobili Flavio 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose. Our aim was the head-to-head comparison between two automatic tools for semi-quantification of striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) specific-to-non displaceable (SBR) ratio brain SPECT values in a naturalistic cohort of patients. Procedures. We analyzed consecutive scans from one-hundred and fifty-one outpatients submitted to brain DAT SPECT for a suspected parkinsonism. Images were post-processed using a commercial (Datquant®) and a free (BasGanV2) software. Reading by expert was the gold-standard. A subset of patients with pathological or borderline scan was evaluated with the clinical Unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale, motor part (MDS-UPDRS-III).Results. SBR, putamen-to-caudate (P/C) ratio, and both P and C asymmetries were highly correlated between the two software with Pearson’s ‘r’ correlation coefficients ranging from .706 to .887. Correlation coefficients with the MDS-UPDRS III score were higher with caudate than with putamen SBR values with both software, and in general higher with BasGanV2 than with Datquant® . Datquant® correspondence with expert reading was 84.1% (94.0% by additionally considering the P/C ratio as a further index). BasGanV2 correspondence with expert reading was 80.8% (86.1% by additionally considering the P/C ratio). Conclusions. Both Datquant® and BasGanV2 work reasonably well and similarly one another in semi-quantification of DAT SPECT. Both tools have their own strength and pitfalls that must be known in detail by users in order to obtain the best help in visual reading and reporting of DAT SPECT.
Low-index Catastrophe Model of Deep Gas-bearing Coal Seams
Authors: Li Tie , Pi Xiyu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Coal and gas outburst always occur as some parameters reach its threshold in the mining process of gas-bearing coal seams. However, low-index catastrophes may happen in the deep mining although the parameters do not exceed its threshold values. This phenomenon has become a challenge for our traditional cognitions. In this paper, the mechanism of low-index catastrophes of high-stress area in the deep gas-bearing seams was investigated by the following methods including literature reviewing, on-site investigation, case analysis, physical experiments and theoretical analysis. The results indicate that there were not only primary state fissures but also many secondary fissures are formed after taking outburst eliminating measures, which is beneficial for improving the desorption performance of methane. A “three-zone” theory of gas migration in Coal Seams is given, coal seam in the front of coal mining face can be divided into three zones: the gas emission zone, the gas channel compaction zone, and disturbance gas desorption zone before reaching ultimate equilibrium, corresponding to coal and gas ejection zone, gas migration zone and gas launching zone after surpassing the limits. Importantly, the stress dike is redefined, and a new concept is proposed that the low-index catastrophe of gas bearing seams is caused by avalanche instability of the stress dikes, meanwhile its three modes are given by over static-load stress dike avalanche caused by hanging arch overlength, stress dike avalanche under roof breakage impact, and stress dike avalanche under floor breakage impact. In deep stress area, stress dike avalanche caused by dynamic-static loading could lead to low-index catastrophes of gas bearing seams. The insufficient residual gas energy could cause unusual gas emission. On the other hand, the sufficient gas energy may lead to coal and gas outbursts.
Association of Complementary feeding practices and household food insecurity and anthropometric status of children aged 6-23 months old in Kabul city
Authors: Ahrar Gholam Reza , Azadbakht Leila 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction

During the first 1000 days of a child life, appropriate infant feeding practices are fundamental to growth, health and development of a child. Globally only one in six children receive a minimum acceptable diet. In Afghanistan, the status of minimum meal frequency, dietary diversity and acceptable diet were 55%, 23% and 18%, respectively among children aged 6-23 months. This study designed with the aim of determines the association of complementary feeding (CF) indicators and household food insecurity and anthropometric status of Afghan children aged 6-23 months.

Methods

We were selected 300 children aged 6-23 months old in this cross-sectional study through simple method. Three 24-hour dietary recall were collected for CF practices. Socioeconomic and United State Department of Agriculture (USDA) food security questionnaire were used from interview method and nutritional status was assessed using World Health Organization indicators. Chi-Square analysis were used to determined association between anthropometry of children among different age groups, complementary feeding indicators and household Food insecurity. Independent sample test was used to determined association between nutrient intake and complementary feeding indicators.

Results

Results showed that 59% of children received timely introduction of CF and Minimum Meal Frequency (MMF), Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) and Minimum Acceptable Diet were met by 87.7%, 44.7% and 42.3%, respectively. Prevalence rate of food insecurity was 90.7%. Result for odds ratio and 95% CI showed there is association between (Length for Age Z-score (LAZ) with MMF), (Weight for Age Z-score (WAZ), Weight for Length Z-score (WLZ) and Length for Age Z-score (LAZ) with MDD and MAD). Result for odds ratio and 95% CI also showed there are significant associations between WAZ, WLZ and LAZ with household food insecurity.

Conclusion

Household food insecurity and weak complementary feeding make more prevalence of malnutrition.
De novo mosaic and partial monosomy of chromosome 21 in a case with superior vena cava duplication
Authors: Azad Abul Kalam , Yanakakis Lindsay , Issleb Samantha , Turina Jessica , Drabik Kelli , Bonner Christina , Simi Eve , Wagner Andrew , Fiddler Morry , Naeem Rizwan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Full or partial monosomy of chromosome (chr) 21 is a very rare abnormal cytogenetic finding. It is characterized by variable sizes and deletion breakpoints on the long arm (q) of chr 21 that lead to a broad spectrum of phenotypes that include an increased risk of birth defects, developmental delay and intellectual deficit.
Case presentation:
We report a 37-year-old G1P0 woman initially screened by non-invasive prenatal testing with no positive findings that was followed by an 18-week anatomy scan with a fetal finding of duplication of the superior vena cava (SVC). The medical and family history was otherwise uneventful. After appropriate genetic counseling, amniocentesis was performed to evaluate suspected chromosomal anomalies.
Conclusions
Fluorescent in situ hybridization revealed loss of one chr 21 signal that was further delineated by chromosomal microarray analysis on uncultured amniocytes as a terminal 10 Mb deletion on chr 21q. Karyotype and microarrays on cultured amniocytes showed two cell lines for a mosaic 21q terminal deletion and monosomy 21. The combined molecular cytogenetics results reported as mos 45,XX,-21[10]/46,XX,del(21)(q22)dn[20].nuc ish(D21S342/D21S341/D21S259 × 1)[100].arr[GRCh37] 21q11.2q22.12(15412676_36272993)x1 ~ 2,21q22.12q22.3(36431283_47612400)x1. Parental chromosomal analysis revealed normal karyotypes. Thus, this was a de novo mosaic full and partial monosomy of chr 21 in a case with SVC duplication. Despite the association of congenital heart disease with monsomy 21 we could not find any published literature or online databases for this cytogenetic abnormality. The patient terminated the pregnancy following the abnormal molecular cytogenetic results due to the possible challenges the baby would face if carried to term.