bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unique performance of thermal barrier coatings made of yttria‐stabilized zirconia at extreme temperatures (>1500°C)
Authors: Vaßen Robert , Mack Daniel Emil , Tandler Martin , Sohn Yoo Jung , Sebold Doris , Guillon Olivier 
Published: September 2020

AbstractYttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) has been for several decades the state of the art material for thermal barrier coating (TBC) applications in gas turbines. Although the material has unique properties, further efficiency improvement by increasing the temperature is limited due to its maximum temperature capability of about 1200°C. Above this temperature the deposited metastable tetragonal (t´) phase undergoes a detrimental phase transformation as well as enhanced sintering. Both processes promote the failure of the coatings at elevated temperatures and this early failure has been frequently observed in gradient tests. In this paper, we now experimentally shown for the first time that under typical cycling conditions not the time at elevated temperatures leads to the reduced lifetime but the transient cooling rates. If cooling rates were reduced to 10K/s, TBC systems could be operated in a burner rig at a surface temperature well above 1500°C without showing a lifetime reduction. The explanation of these astonishing findings is given by the evaluation of energy release rate peaks during fast transient cooling in combination with the phase evolution during cooling with the used cooling rates.
Carbon depth profile and internal stress by thermal energy variation in carbon‐doped TiZrN coating
Authors: Hong Eunpyo , Kim Taewoo , Kim Seonghoon , Lee Seon‐Hong , Lee Heesoo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDiffusion and bonding behavior of the doped carbon by variation of thermal energy was investigated in terms of carbon depth profile and local atomic structure. The thermal energy of pulsed laser was limited to the range of 20%~50% to dope the carbon and prevent degradation of the coating layer with laser carburization. The doped carbon was confirmed to be distributed to a depth of around 20 nm from the surface at 20% thermal energy by ToF‐SIMS analysis. Carbon diffused at about 400 nm with 50% thermal energy, and most of the carbon spread from the surface to around 80 nm. The EXAFS analysis represented that the peak of the interstitial carbon site was formed at 20% and the ZrN peak shifted toward the ZrC peak by increasing the thermal energy. The analysis of the electronic structure and the bonding state demonstrated that the proportion of substitutional carbon was about 21% at a thermal energy of 50%. The internal stress was calculated using HR‐XRD with a 5‐axes sample stage, which was −453 MPa before doping and then increased to −1494 MPa at 50% because the mixture of interstitial and substitutional carbon increased distortion inside the coating layer. The elastic modulus and hardness were 459 and 37.9 GPa at 50%, respectively, which were improved by 10% and 20% compared to those of the TiZrN coating.
Room‐temperature bonding method of bioactive ultrathin glass film on titanium by a dissolution‐polymerization reaction
Authors: Liu Yin , Kishi Tetsuo , Jeng Ray‐Jay , Matsushita Nobuhiro , Yano Tetsuji 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFreestanding ultrathin glass film (UGF) of 45S5 bioglass was successfully bonded on a Ti substrate by the room‐temperature bonding method. 45S5 UGFs with a thickness of 1~4 μm were fabricated by the glass‐blowing technique, and the UGF was attached on the Ti plate at room temperature with a water layer between them. The bonding strength was about 370 mJ/m2 just after bonding, and it increased during storing in the ambient atmosphere at room temperature and reached about 900 mJ/m2 after 9 hours storage. The interfaces of the UGF and Ti substrate during the bonding process were analyzed by an X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The as‐prepared UGF was found to have surface layers with a high content of Na2O and low content of SiO2, and the dissolution of Na2O‐rich component into water layer induced depolymerization and polymerization of SiO2 network to form Si‐O‐Si bonds between the UGF and Ti plate and then to increase the bonding strength during storage. This work presents the simple technique to laminate the bioactive glass layer on the surface of the metal without post heat treatment.
Growth and electrical properties of high‐Curie point rhombohedral Mn‐Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3‐Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐PbTiO3 thin films
Authors: Li Zihao , Wang Yuchun , Tang Yanxue , Zhao Xiangyong , Wang Tao , Duan Zhihua , Wang Feifei , Li Xiaobing , Leung Chung Ming , Fang Bijun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHigh‐quality ternary relaxor ferroelectric (100)‐oriented Mn‐doped 0.36Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3‐0.36Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐0.28PbTiO3 (Mn‐PIMNT) thin films were grown on SrRuO3‐buffered SrTiO3 single‐crystal substrate in a wide deposition temperature range of 550‐620°C using the pulsed laser deposition method. The phase structure, ferroelectric, dielectric, piezoelectric properties, and nanoscale domain evolution were studied. Under the deposition temperature of 620°C, the ferroelectric hysteresis loops and current‐voltage curves showed that the film owned significantly enhanced remnant ferroelectric polarization of 34.5 μC/cm2 and low leakage current density of 2.7 × 10−10 A/cm2. Moreover fingerprint‐type nanosized domain patterns with polydomain structures and well‐defined macroscopic piezoelectric properties with a high normalized strain constant of 40 pm/V was obtained. Under in situ DC electric field, the domain evolution was investigated and 180° domain reversal was observed through piezoelectric force microscope. These global electrical properties make the current Mn‐PIMNT thin films very promising in piezoelectric MEMS applications.
Atomic layer deposition of GDC cathodic functional thin films for oxide ion incorporation enhancement
Authors: Yang Hwichul , Lee Hojae , Lim Yonghyun , Kim Young‐Beom 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we report successful fabrication of a gadolinia‐doped ceria (GDC) thin film using atomic layer deposition (ALD) for improving the performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). By varying the deposition conditions and adjusting the configuration of the ALD supercycle, the doping ratio of ALD GDC was controlled. The morphology, crystallinity, and chemical composition of ALD GDC thin films were analyzed. ALD GDC showed different surface chemistry, including oxidation states, at different doping ratios. The application of ALD GDC in a SOFC led to an output power density enhancement greater than 2.5 times. With an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) porous support structure, an ALD GDC thin film SOFC (TF‐SOFC) showed a high power density of 288.24 mW/cm2 at an operating temperature of 450°C.
Thermochemical principles of the production of lightweight aggregates from waste coal bottom ash
Authors: Balapour Mohammad , Rao Rathin , Garboczi Edward J. , Spatari Sabrina , Hsuan Y. Grace , Billen Pieter , Farnam Yaghoob 
Published: September 2020

AbstractManufacturing lightweight aggregate (LWA) (ie, porous ceramics) by means of a sintering technique requires a delicate balance among three conditions: (a) forming a sufficient amount of molten liquid phase during sintering, (b) reaching an appropriate viscosity for solid‐liquid suspension, and (c) emitting a sufficient amount of gas that can be entrapped by the liquid phase to form pores. This study evaluates these three conditions in the production of LWAs made from two types of waste coal bottom ash (low‐calcium and high‐calcium), and relates them to the formation of LWA pore structure. A thermochemical analytical approach, including thermodynamic modeling and the Browning viscosity model, was used to quantify the extent of the liquid phase and calculate its viscosity. In conjunction with thermochemical analysis, an experimental approach including quantitative x‐ray diffractometry, thermogravimetric analysis, and x‐ray computed tomography was also used to identify the candidate chemical compounds that contribute to gas emission during sintering and to evaluate the LWA pore structure. The results indicated that a mass fraction of at least 50% for the liquid phase is required for a successful entrapment of emitted gaseous phases during sintering. Larger pores were observed in the microstructure of LWA samples made using high‐calcium bottom ash in comparison to those made with low‐calcium bottom ash. This observation was mainly attributed to the high‐calcium samples forming liquid phases with lower viscosities and emitting higher amounts of gaseous phase during sintering than did the low‐calcium samples. It was found that the gaseous phase was generated by hematite reduction and anhydrite decomposition, which led to the release of O2 and SO2.
The Shock of the New
Authors: Payne Rachel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSince 2017 I have examined the impact of shifting professional practices demonstrated by students of an Artist Teacher MA programme at an English university. Students repeatedly discuss the transformative nature of the course, and through an impact case study I have interrogated the conditions which enable profound changes to occur. Emerging findings indicate that pedagogies of uncertainty enacted within an inclusive community foster students' experiences of visibility, being heard and valued professionally. This resulting pedagogic context encourages students to take risks in a safe environment and supports them to build sustainable practices applicable to educational and artistic communities alike. In this article I argue that pedagogic conditions which enable these ways of being are just as crucial now, as we live through an extraordinary global crisis. I engaged in an autoethnographic analysis of how findings from the artist teacher impact case study can inform my current working conditions during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Through reflexive journaling and art practice I documented my experiences of transferring face‐to‐face content to remote learning platforms. In the process I consider what can be learnt from established artist teacher practices, communities and the values that underpin them whilst I support an online teaching and learning community. Crucially I am concerned with how the opportunities and challenges afforded through remote learning shape my professional practices, and the extent to which pedagogies of uncertainty evident in the artist teacher impact case study are borne out through remote working.
Identification of health behaviour clusters among people at high risk of stroke: A latent class profile analysis
Authors: Guo Lina , Liu Yanjin , Zhu Yiru , Wei Miao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsTo identify the possible latent classes of health behaviour reported by people at high risk of stroke and to explore the predictors of these different classes of health behaviour.DesignA cross‐sectional survey study.MethodsA stratified cluster random sampling method was used to collect data from 2,500 individuals at high risk of stroke who were from Henan Province, China, from January 2018–January 2019. A latent class profile analysis was used to identify the health behaviour clusters and multinomial logistic regression was used to determine which factors predicted the emergent latent classes of health behaviour.ResultsHigh‐risk individuals (N = 2,236) at high risk of stroke replied to the survey (89.44% response rate). Model fit indices (AIC = 257,509.610, BIC = 260,228.733, Entropy = 0.956) supported a three‐class model of health behaviours. The latent classes were Class 1 (a good level of adaptive health behaviour, 31%, N = 693), Class 2 (a moderate level of adaptive health behaviour, 36%, N = 805) and Class 3 (a poor level of adaptive health behaviour, 33%, N = 738); Based on physical and belief, behaviour and clinical profiles, the three classes were further labelled self‐realization deficiency subgroup, social contact anxiety subgroup and health responsibility absence subgroup respectively. Older age, male gender, no spouse, lower education and household income were risk factors associated with good health behaviour. After controlling these socio‐demographic variables, high levels of health‐related knowledge and attitude were the main positive predictors of health behaviour.ConclusionsThis study has identified three different latent classes of health behaviour and their predictive factors in people at high risk of stroke in the Chinese setting.ImpactThis study has significance for the promotion of adaptive health behaviour in individuals at high risk of stroke. It has allowed the identification of specific clusters of health behaviour that vary in terms of their adaptiveness and forms the basis for the development of a targeted intervention to promote health behaviour for each different subgroup.
Impact and mechanisms of cigarillo flavor descriptors on susceptibility to use among young adult nonusers of tobacco
Authors: Avishai Aya , Meernik Clare , Goldstein Adam O. , Lazard Allison J. , Ranney Leah M. , Sheeran Paschal 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEvidence suggests that flavoring may impact reactions to tobacco products. In the present research, we tested the impact and mechanisms of cigarillo flavor descriptors on susceptibility to use in order to determine whether exposure to cigarillos with characterizing flavors increases susceptibility in young adult nonusers of tobacco and, if so, why susceptibility increases. Nonsmoking, 18–26 years old U.S. residents were recruited for an online randomized controlled trial with two conditions: cigarillos with characterizing flavors (experimental condition) versus cigarillos with tobacco flavors (control condition). Experimental condition participants (n = 49) were presented with five cigarillo pack images with characterizing flavors (e.g., “Sweet”), whereas control condition participants (n = 53) were presented with five standard, tobacco‐flavored images (e.g., “Air‐Cured”). Each presented cigarillo image included a description of the pack flavor. Approach bias to the cigarillos was measured using the Implicit Association Test, and participants reported their perceptions of taste, smell, social acceptability, enjoyment, and harm in relation to each cigarillo pack. Finally, participants indicated their susceptibility to using cigarillos. Susceptibility to cigarillo use was significantly greater for participants exposed to the cigarillo packs with characterizing flavors. Taste perceptions both mediated and moderated the relationship between cigarillo flavor descriptors and susceptibility to use. Characterizing flavors increased susceptibility to cigarillo use via two routes: (1) by enhancing perceptions of taste and (2) by increasing the strength of association between perceptions of taste and susceptibility. These findings have implications for public health and policy decisions regarding banning or limiting characterizing flavors in cigarillos.
Double ventricular tachycardias associated with an anatomical isthmus identified by a computed tomography‐derived channel
Authors: Takigawa Masateru , Martin Ruairidh , Kitamura Takeshi , Cochet Hubert , Jais Pierre , Sacher Frederic 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe describe a 47‐year‐old woman with ischemic ventricular tachycardia (VT) with repetitive implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator shocks, requiring ablation. Preprocedural computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a single anatomical channel on the inferior‐basal infarcted area between less than a 3‐mm wall‐thinning area and the mitral annulus, which suggested the circuit of two VTs observed. In addition, distribution of less than 2 mm and less than 3 mm wall‐thinning area can explain the mechanism of the variation of the QRS morphology and S‐QRS interval during entrainment. Ablation in this region resulted in no VT inducibility and the absence of any VTs for 2 years. CT wall thinning data may allow us to understand the mechanism and circuit of VT and aid VT ablation procedures.
Transforming growth factor β‐mediated micromechanics modulates disease progression in primary myelofibrosis
Authors: Teodorescu Patric , Pasca Sergiu , Jurj Ancuta , Gafencu Grigore , Joelsson Jon‐Petur , Selicean Sonia , Moldovan Cristian , Munteanu Raluca , Onaciu Anca , Tigu Adrian‐Bogdan , Buse Mihail , Zimta Alina‐Andreea , Stiufiuc Rares , Petrushev Bobe , Desmirean Minodora , Dima Delia , Vlad Cristina , Bergthorsson Jon Thor , Berce Cristian , Ciurea Stefan , Ghiaur Gabriel , Tomuleasa Ciprian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPrimary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a Ph‐negative myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN), characterized by advanced bone marrow fibrosis and extramedullary haematopoiesis. The bone marrow fibrosis results from excessive proliferation of fibroblasts that are influenced by several cytokines in the microenvironment, of which transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) is the most important. Micromechanics related to the niche has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we hypothesized that mechanical stress modulates TGF‐β signalling leading to further activation and subsequent proliferation and invasion of bone marrow fibroblasts, thus showing the important role of micromechanics in the development and progression of PMF, both in the bone marrow and in extramedullary sites. Using three PMF‐derived fibroblast cell lines and transforming growth factor‐β receptor (TGFBR) 1 and 2 knock‐down PMF‐derived fibroblasts, we showed that mechanical stress does stimulate the collagen synthesis by the fibroblasts in patients with myelofibrosis, through the TGFBR1, which however seems to be activated through alternative pathways, other than TGFBR2.
Long non‐coding RNA ADAMTS9‐AS1 suppresses colorectal cancer by inhibiting the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway and is a potential diagnostic biomarker
Authors: Li Ning , Li Juan , Mi Qi , Xie Yan , Li Peilong , Wang Lili , Binang Helen , Wang Qing , Wang Yanlei , Chen Yingjie , Wang Yunshan , Mao Haiting , Du Lutao , Wang Chuanxin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have come out as critical molecular regulators of human tumorigenesis. In this study, we sought to identify and functionally characterize lncRNAs as potential mediators of colorectal cancer progression. We screened and identified a novel lncRNA, ADAMTS9‐AS1, which was significantly decreased in colorectal cancer tissues and was correlated with clinical outcome of patients according to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. In addition, ADAMTS9‐AS1 regulated cell proliferation and migration both in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that overexpression of lncRNA‐ADAMTS9‐AS1 preferentially affected genes that were linked to proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, we found that ADAMTS9‐AS1 obviously suppressed β‐catenin, suggesting that Wnt signalling pathway participates in ADAMTS9‐AS1‐mediated gene transcriptional regulation in the suppression of colorectal tumorigenesis. Finally, we found that exosomal ADAMTS9‐AS1 could serve as a diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer with AUC = 0.835 and 95% confidence interval = 0.777‐0.911. Our data demonstrated that ADAMTS9‐AS1 might play important roles in colorectal cancer by suppressing oncogenesis. Targeting ADAMTS9‐AS1 may have potential clinical applications in colorectal cancer prognosis and treatment as an ideal therapeutic target. Finally, exosomal lncRNA‐ADAMTS9‐AS1 is a promising, novel diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer.
Novel role of BRCA1 interacting C‐terminal helicase 1 (BRIP1) in breast tumour cell invasion
Authors: Rizeq Balsam , Sif Saïd , Nasrallah Gheyath K. , Ouhtit Allal 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of death in women worldwide. Only 5%‐10% of mutations in BRCA genes are associated with familial breast tumours in Eastern countries, suggesting the contribution of other genes. Using a microarray gene expression profiling study of BC, we have recently identified BRIP1 (fivefold up‐regulation) as a potential gene associated with BC progression in the Omani population. Although BRIP1 regulates DNA repair and cell proliferation, the precise role of BRIP1 in BC cell invasion/metastasis has not been explored yet; this prompted us to test the hypothesis that BRIP1 promotes BC cell proliferation and invasion. Using a combination of cellular and molecular approaches, our results revealed differential overexpression of BRIP1 in different BC cell lines. Functional assays validated further the physiological relevance of BRIP1 in tumour malignancy, and siRNA‐mediated BRIP1 knockdown significantly reduced BC cell motility by targeting key motility‐associated genes. Moreover, down‐regulation of BRIP1 expression significantly attenuated cell proliferation via cell cycle arrest. Our study is the first to show the novel function of BRIP1 in promoting BC cell invasion by regulating expression of various downstream target genes. Furthermore, these findings provide us with a unique opportunity to identify BRIP1‐induced pro‐invasive genes that could serve as biomarkers and/or targets to guide the design of appropriate BC targeted therapies.
Functional variation of SLC52A3 rs13042395 predicts survival of Chinese gastric cancer patients
Authors: Qu Xiaofei , Cheng Lei , Zhao Liqin , Qiu Lixin , Guo Weijian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe solute carrier family 52 member 3 (SLC52A3) gene encodes riboflavin transporter protein which is essential to maintain mitochondrial function in cells. In our research, we found that SLC52A3 rs13042395 C > T variation was significantly associated with poor survival in a 926 Chinese gastric cancer (GCa) patients cohort (CC/CT genotype versus TT genotype, HR = 0.57, 95%CI (0.40‐0.82), log‐rank P = 0.015). The SLC52A3 rs13042395 C > T change led to its increased mRNA expression according to expression quantitative trait loci analysis (P = 0.0029). In vitro, it was revealed that rs13042395 C allele had higher binding affinity to inhibitory transcription factor Meis homeobox 1 (MEIS1) compared with T allele, knock‐down of MEIS1 could up‐regulate SLC52A3, and overexpression of SLC52A3 contributed to the increased ability of proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in GCa cells. Subsequently, the bioinformatics analysis combined with experiments in vitro suggested that Gap junction protein alpha 1 (GJA1) was the downstream effector of SLC52A3, SLC52A3 may promote the GCa cells aggressiveness by down‐regulating the GJA1 expression. Overall, SLC52A3 genetic variant rs13042395 C > T change was associated with poorer survival in Chinese GCa patients and increased SLC52A3 expression by interaction with MEIS1. SLC52A3 promoted the GCa cells aggressiveness by down‐regulating the GJA1 expression.
Dimensional changes of the maxillary sinus augmented with a collagenated synthetic bone block or synthetic bone particulates: A pre‐clinical study in rabbits
Authors: Song Young Woo , Rafikov Komoliddin , Paeng Kyeong‐Won , Kim Myong Ji , Cha Jae‐Kook , Thoma Daniel S. , Jung Ronald E. , Jung Ui‐Won 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of a collagenated synthetic bone substitute (C‐SBS) to a particulated synthetic bone substitute (P‐SBS) in volume maintenance and new bone formations in a rabbit sinus model.Materials and MethodsEither C‐SBS or P‐SBS was grafted in both sinuses of 16 rabbits. Four (N = 8) or 12 (N = 8) weeks after the surgery, total augmented volume (TAV) and area (TAA), as well as new bone volume (NBV) and area (NBA), were statistically compared by radiographic and histomorphometric analyses (p < .05).ResultsThe differences in TAV, NBV, TAA and NBA between C‐SBS and P‐SBS groups at 4 weeks were not statistically significant. The TAV (267.13 ± 62.08 vs. 200.18 ± 40.32 mm3) and NBV (103.26 ± 10.50 vs. 71.10 ± 7.58 mm3) in group C‐SBS were significantly higher than in group P‐SBS at 12 weeks (p < .05). The TAA (19.36 ± 2.88 vs. 14.48 ± 2.08 mm2) and NBA (5.43 ± 1.20 vs. 3.76 ± 0.78 mm2) in group C‐SBS were significantly higher than in group P‐SBS at 12 weeks (p < .05).ConclusionsCollagenated synthetic bone substitute grafted in rabbit sinuses demonstrated more favourable outcomes across all outcome measures compared to P‐SBS at 12 weeks.