bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
About the possibility of using 1-vinylnaphthalene to modify natural wood
Authors: Nikulina N S , Dmitrenkov A I , Nikulin S S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The work studies the possibility of using 1-vinylnaphthalene for modification and protective treatment of birch wood. 1-vinylnaphthalene used in the work was obtained by the method given in the literature. In order to facilitate the introduction of 1-vinylnaphthalene into the wood cavity, hydrocarbon impregnating solutions were prepared on its basis using toluene as a solvent. The samples of birch wood were kept in solutions for 24 hours at a temperature of 20°C after removing the wood samples from the impregnation baths, toluene was removed using a vacuum. After extracting the bulk of the toluene, the samples were subjected to heat treatment. It is shown that during heat treatment in conducting elements of birch wood under the influence of high temperatures, polymerization of 1-vinylnaphthalene proceeds by a radical mechanism. To determine the effect of 1-vinylnaphthalene content in wood on the properties of the resulting composites, toluene solutions with different modifier content were prepared. It is shown that with an increase in the content of the proposed modifier in birch wood, water absorption and swelling of samples of the resulting wood-polymer composites significantly decreases, which will increase the service life of products based on modified wood.
To the justification of the parameters of the disk case for undisturbed notches
Authors: Zimarin S V , Pham N L , Khripchenko M S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The influence of technological parameters of the design of the housing of the discator for basic tillage on unrecorded cuttings on its traction resistance is studied. Resource-saving reforestation technologies, which allow to avoid stump clearing, cause the least harm to deforestation ecology and save material resources. Disk tools in the conditions of uncorrupted cuttings significantly surpass plow plows in terms of providing the required maneuverability. The advantage of the discs is the individual attachment of the hulls to the frame, which eliminates clogging of the hull with plant residues and soil. The design of the casing of the discator is investigated, which ensures the required quality of soil turnover and its preservation in the form of a continuous tape laid near the furrow on uncorrupted cuttings. The disk case increases the technical level of modern forest tillage tools, which will improve their competitive advantages among other forest machines used for plowing. As a result of experimental studies of the obtained regression model traction case disc header, allowing to determine its optimal parameters, ensuring the quality of technological process of tillage with minimum energy consumption. The mathematical model is used in the design of forest tools.
Integration development processes in the wood industry based on clusterization
Authors: Polyanin A , Pronyaeva L , Pavlova A , Stepanova Yu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The research is aimed at substantiating a mechanism for the formation of interregional clusters. In order to identify the current state and development prospects for the Russian wood industry, we conducted an analysis of its functioning on the basis of official statistics. We substantiated the advantages of a cluster form of integration and made an assessment of the foreign and domestic clustering experience in the wood industry on the basis of an in-depth study of the related literature, analysis and synthesis of the data taken from certain specialized Internet portals of the Russian wood industry. To implement into practice our approach to the formation of interregional wood industry clusters in the Central Federal District (CFD), we carried out a research into these territories’ resource potential for clusterization (a rating-and-score method, methods of localization and concentration, a method of territorial proximity, a method of formalization, etc.). The obtained results showed that is it possible to form 4 wood industry clusters in the CFD of Russia, allowing to concentrate a resource capacity of several territories for the purpose of strengthening the interregional interaction of the timber industry enterprises, to create opportunities for the implementation of large-scale innovative projects in the industry.
Study on the competitiveness of Russian-made wood panels in the development of import-substituting industries
Authors: Bahur O , Nebesnaya A , Azarova N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article examines the competitiveness of Russian-made wood panels in the world market, analyzes their competitiveness factors and determines the development paths of wood panels production within the framework of the import substitution policy. Today in the Russian Federation, there are tendencies towards the construction of competitive production of wood panel products. A few years ago, the Russian Federation was the clear leader in the import of these goods from the European Union. In view of the change in the foreign trade policy of the Russian Federation for the export of industrial wood such industries began to develop within the country. As a result, we analyzed the dynamics of the development of production and consumption of wood panels, conducted analysis of strengths and weaknesses of the competitiveness of wood panels. We have developed a mechanism for increasing the level of competitiveness of Russian-made wood panels. Within the framework of the mechanism, we propose to give a current assessment of the level of competitiveness of wood-based panels, using tools to conduct information monitoring, which allows predicting the values of the competitiveness of wood-based panels in the future and adjusting these values.
The effect of drought on the expression of stress resistance genes in perspective forms of birch
Authors: Grodetskaya T , Evlakov P , Isakov I , Padutov V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Drought stress greatly limits distribution of forest-forming species, in particular, birch. The actual task is to identify resistance mechanisms in order to select perspective genotypes for further reproduction. The purpose of this work was to identify drought-tolerant genotypes of silver birch (B. pendula Roth.), downy birch (B. pubescens Ehrh.) and their hybrids based on the analysis of drought tolerance. We studied the expression of genes encoding proteins of metabolic pathways that are activated in response to abiotic stress (phenylpropanoid way) associated with the pathogenesis of proteins (PR1 and PR10), transcription factors (DREB2), and proteins of late embryogenesis (LEA). As a result of the effects of drought, a significant increase in expression was detected for the PAL, PR-1, PR-10, and DREB2 genes in the analyzed samples; at the same time, expression changes were revealed for the LEA8 gene for two out of ten genotypes. Birch samples 29-58 and 233 was selected as most stable showing adaptive response for all genes analyzed. Analyzed genes can be recommended as markers for assessing drought resistance of other woody plant species.
Forestry digital platform of Russia
Authors: Morkovina S , Nasriddinov S , Shanin I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the introduction of digital technologies in the forestry industry of Russia. Forestry of the Russian Federation is significantly inferior to the world forest powers in the field of digitalization of forestry, which makes it necessary to accelerate the transition to digital technologies most demanded at the level of state management of forests and in forest business. Similar to the countries of Europe, a State policy should be developed in the field of forest informatization, as well as the creation of a digital forest platform. The results of the study of the system of state management of forests at the level of regions of Russia for the application of digital technologies are presented. The need to create a digital forestry platform as an important component of the modern digital economy is justified. It has been established that the creation of a single digital forest platform will contribute to the improvement of forest management efficiency, increased openness of information on forest resources of regional systems, simplification of the communication process. The objectives and structure of the digital platform, which includes sub-platforms corresponding to six important forestry subsystems and application modules for various practical tasks, are defined. A sequence of stages of digital platform development is proposed.
Possibilities for the structural transformation of the timber industry of Rostov Region
Authors: Dzhukha V , Mishchenko K , Zolotuhin E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The current task for the regions is to diversify the sectoral structure, which ensures the overall stability of the economy. For industrial regions, such as the Rostov region, the priority of structural transformation is the formation of technological and non-resource industries, such as the timber industry. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to assess the potential for structural transformation of the emerging timber industry in the Rostov region and identify mechanisms to enhance its growth. The provisions of the concept of regional competitiveness, the model of technologization at the institutional level, as well as problem-oriented and predictive approaches are the methodological basis of the research. The methods of the study are statistical and grapho-analytical. As a result of the analysis, the transformations that have taken place in the industry of the Don region over the past 10 years are identified, and the main results of this transformation in the timber industry are described (in terms of employment, wages, profitability and capital-labor ratio). Modern trends and external challenges for the timber industry in the region are also identified, on the basis of which new opportunities for its development through cooperation and clustering are justified.
Studying and imparting moisture absorption qualities of the new wood based bio-composite material
Authors: Belchinskaya L , Zhuzhukin K , Dmitrenkov A , Roessner F 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper reviews the method of creating a new bio-composite material based on birch wood and describes the mechanism of interaction of used motor oil with birch wood by infrared spectroscopy involved. It also provides data on the moisture absorption of the newly obtained composite. Used motor oil has high hydrophobic and antiseptic properties. The main chemical changes in oils occur as a result of its oxidation during engine operation under the temperature influence. However, the spectrum of spent engine oil is distinguished by the appearance of three new peaks: the wide peak of 3600-3000 cm−1, which is formed during characteristic vibrations of the OH group, indicating water cut in the engine oil, a narrow peak of 1740 cm−1, characteristic of stretching vibrations of the carbonyl group (C = O). In addition to these peaks, the other peak was detected at the 1150 cm−1 frequency and, yet, another weakly pronounced peak of 970 cm−1, which correspond to stretching vibrations of the peroxide group (C-O-O). The mechanism for impregnating wood with used engine oil has been developed. The moisture absorption of wood impregnated with spent engine oil is 3 times less than that of natural wood.
Theoretical studies of filtration movement of moisture in capillaries of woody plants
Authors: Korablev R A , Belokurov V P , Belokurov S V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article presents theoretical studies of filtration transport of moisture through capillaries of woody plants that is determined by humidity gradients. The emerging humidity fields and the magnitude of the gradients significantly affect the growth and development of woody plants biomass. The aim of theoretical research was to use mathematical tools of operational calculus that provide an opportunity to consider the filtration of moisture through the capillaries of wood materials using a third-kind boundary condition, when the substance is exchanged with the environment at the considered boundary. As a result of the use of Laplace transform a mathematical model for studying the movement of moisture in the capillaries of woody vegetation through filtration transport has been obtained. Modelling of a moisture transport process in wood materials is an important tool in theoretical and experimental studies. This is particularly important for conducting long-term experimental studies of the site quality of stand of trees from the technogenic impact of vehicles on roadside ecological systems.
A proposed technology to ensure high-precision aerial seeding of certified seeds
Authors: Vovchenko N , Novikov A , Sokolov S , Tishchenko E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The research to which this article is devoted relates to forestry and agriculture, in particular, to methods that provide accurate seeding in areas that are inaccessible or ineffective for ground-based mechanization. The existing approaches today have a number of significant drawbacks that do not allow to implement the stated tasks with sufficient accuracy. The main ones are: the presence of a mechanical system for creating air pressure, which significantly complicates the sowing process, without ensuring, at the same time, its sufficient accuracy; the impossibility of ensuring also accurate seeding due to the lack of control of the rotational speed of the auger feeder, depending on the speed of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) itself. The result of this study was a developed technology that has no analogues in the world, which greatly simplifies the process of sowing from the air, does not require energy costs and additional equipment, and also increases the accuracy of seeding due to its uniformity at various values of the UAV speed.
Application of electro reflexotherapy in bronchopneumonia of calves against background of necrobacteriosis management
Authors: Ostyakova M , Malkova N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
One of the main reasons for the high incidence of young cattle of bronchopneumonia is the low level of the immunological response due to the imperfect immune system of the young organism, as well as the ill-being of livestock farming with one or a number of diseases caused by pathogens related to opportunistic and/or stationary microflora. To obtain a positive result of the treatment of bronchopneumonia, it is necessary to provide the first line of nonspecific protection of the calves’ body, as well as reducing the effects of the infectious and inflammatory stressor on the sick organism. The object of the study was young cattle with florid clinical signs of catarrhal bronchopneumonia. Three groups were formed from the selected calves: control and two experienced. In the control, a generally accepted treatment regimen for bronchopneumonia was used, and in the experiment, electroreflexotherapy was additionally used. Combination treatment of catarrhal bronchopneumonia of calves with the use of electroreflexotherapy contributes to: activation of the inflammatory process, stimulation of specific and non-specific immunobiological surveillance, providing direct and indirect bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects and has some antiadrenergic effect.
Factors of influence on the innovative activity of agricultural enterprises
Authors: Korolkova A , Marinchenko T , Goryacheva A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of the study is to analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of budgetary and extra-budgetary support and stimulation of innovative activity in agriculture. Using the methods of complex and struc-tural-dynamic analysis, expert assessments and some others, studies of do-mestic and foreign scientists, statistical data, materials of state programs have been analyzed. This article discusses the main indicators of innovative activities of agricultural. The study showed that the level of innovative activity in the industry remains low due to the lack of finance from manufacturers; it depends on the level of government support. Small and medium-sized enterprises are most dependent on government support; incentive measures and the amount of government support should be long-term. It is proposed to create a center of competence, the purpose of which will be to stimulate innovative activity and reduce the influence of obstacles. To solve the problem of lack of financial resources for the implementation of innovative activities, an operator is needed, such functions can be taken over by Russian Venture Company (RVC) or the National technology initiative (NTI) project office.
The effect of antimicrobials agents on the antilysocyme activity of enterobacteria in vitro
Authors: Shulga I S , Ostyakova M E , Shulga N N , Zhelyabovskaya D A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The fight against infectious animal diseases has resulted in a change in the etiological structure of infectious agents. This is associated with the variability of bacteria and the involvement of opportunistic microorganisms in the infectious process. The emergence and development of the pathological process are largely determined by the reduction in the colonization resistance of the gastrointestinal tract shell and the persistent properties of microorganisms. This paper aims to study the antilysozyme activity of enterobacteria isolated from sick calves with signs of acute intestinal disorders and evaluate the effect of antimicrobial drugs on the antilysozyme activity of enterobacteria in vitro. For this purpose, the suspension of an enterobacteria culture was incubated together with the studied antibiotic, followed by the determination of the anti-lysozyme activity and statistical data processing. Data analysis showed that the anti-lysozyme activity of enterobacteria, when exposed to antimicrobial agents, depended on the agent under study and was determined by the specific characteristics of the microorganism. Most of the studied antibiotics had a predominantly inhibitory effect on the antilysozyme activity of Escherichia coli, and the persistent potential of bacteria of the Proteus genus was enhanced by the same antimicrobial agents.
Protein content in milk of holstein black-and-white cows
Authors: Ignatieva N L , Yu Nemtseva E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The most optimal method to solve the problem for cow’s milk and protein content increase is to carry out zootechnical and breeding activities. The goal was to study the milk protein structure and content of the Holsteinized black-and-white breed cows of different genotypes, as well as to establish the relationship nature between the activity of transamination enzymes and the milk protein content of cows. For this purpose, 4 groups of experimental cows (15 heads in each) were formed according to the principle of father’s belonging to the countries of origin (daughters of seed bulls of Canadian, Danish selection, Dutch and domestic selection). The superiority of cows-daughters of foreign breeding bulls in terms of milk protein content was established. Moreover, the milk of cows born from foreign producers contents high level of casein - the most important fraction from the technological point of view. Electrophoretic analysis of milk proteins isolated 16 fractions, including 9 casein and 7 whey ones. The highest content was found in such fractions as αs1-, β-, αs2-, κ-caseins and β-Lg. The calculated correlation coefficients between the alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase and the milk protein activity of cows showed a direct relationship between them in cows of the studied groups. This is a favorable factor for increasing the cows milk protein content.
Wolbachia Across Social Insects: Patterns and Implications
Authors: Ramalho Manuela de O , Kim Zoe , Wang Steven , Moreau Corrie S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Wolbachia is one of the most common intracellular symbionts among insects, but the function of this infection and its effects on the host still remain largely unknown for many taxa. In the case of many social insects, living in colonies results in close interactions, facilitating the dispersion of the symbiont. However, having only one caste responsible for reproduction (queens) could restrict infections. Several groups of social insects have been reported to be highly infected with these symbionts. However, Wolbachia associations across social and closely related non-social insects in a comparative framework has not been examined to date, which may help us understand the role social behavior, geography, and ecology plays in structuring this association. Since 2006 the Multi-Locus Sequencing Type (MLST) approach has been shown to be appropriate for diversity studies, which consists of sequencing five genes spread across the Wolbachia genome. Over the past 15 yr, studies using this approach have been conducted worldwide and have generated large volumes of data. In this review article, we intend to produce a meta-analysis by combining MLST data from across social insects (ants, bees, termites, wasps) and beyond, together with their closest relatives to better elucidate the patterns behind the diversity of this symbiotic interaction. Our main findings reveal that the diversity of Wolbachia (supergroups) is correlated with the host insect taxonomy, biogeography, and social/solitary behavior. In addition, solitary insects such as bees and wasps can interact with a greater diversity of Wolbachia supergroup compared to their social representatives.
Investigating the Effect of Fatigue and Psychological Distress on Information Processing Speed in the Postacute Period After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Premorbidly Healthy Adults
Authors: Anderson Jacqueline F I , Cockle Emily 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Impairments in processing speed under conditions of increasing cognitive load have been reported in individuals with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). In other conditions that are also associated with white matter disruption, both psychological distress and fatigue have been shown to underlie this impairment.
Objective: the current study aimed to investigate whether slowing of processing abilities under conditions of greater cognitive load is independent of fatigue and psychological status in premorbidly healthy individuals with subacute mTBI.
Method: using a prospective observational design, we examined 84 individuals with mTBI approximately 8 weeks after injury and 47 healthy control (HC) participants. They were assessed with the Symbol Digit Modality Test, an n-back task and a rate of gain of information choice reaction time task that conforms to Hick’s law. Participants were also assessed with measures of fatigue and psychological status.
Results: as expected, findings revealed no group differences on simple reaction time tasks, but as task complexity increased, the mTBI group performed more slowly than the HC group. This group difference occurred independently of fatigue and psychological distress levels and was associated with a moderate effect size.
Conclusions: during the subacute period after mTBI, premorbidly healthy individuals demonstrate impairment in their ability to rapidly process information as the cognitive load of the task increases beyond simple reaction time requirements. Examination of whether these changes affect resumption of premorbid roles is warranted.