bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital census of Upper Kama towns architectural and urban environment
Authors: Semina A E , Maximova S V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the system and methodology of digital census documentation of architectural heritage, which was first time adapted and applied to the heritage of Upper Kama region. The results and cataloguing process for the historical cities of Usolye and Cherdyn are described. The main objective of the study is the structuring of information through the definition of morphology and architectural features of objects. The cataloguing idea is to describe all the architectural and urban environment elements in the historical cities Usolye and Cherdyn, and attach to the map layer-by-layer using geographic information systems. The catalogs rely on reality-based data collected using architectural survey methods. Heterogeneous information about objects is structured through a system of codes and summarized in a single database. The resulting system of digital documents designed to coherent store and simple search of information about the architecture are introduced in the article.
Citizens’ role in formation of urban environment design
Authors: Antonova N L , Grunt E V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article considers citizens as a subject of forming the urban environment design. In the conditions of the city multi-functionality as a territorial entity, new requirements on the creation of urban spaces are imposed. The urban environment should meet the diversity of the population needs, while the city residents themselves become active participants in its planning and design. The primary data were collected using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. 385 citizens of Yekaterinburg were questioned on the basis of quota sampling in order to the study citizens’ opinions about the city of Yekaterinburg and to evaluate their role in the design of the urban environment. Semi-structured interviews (n=12) were organized for the citizens engaged in the city design on a regular basis. 94% of the respondents note the need to form a positive city image. 54% of the respondents believe that they are actors of urban planning. Yekaterinburg residents’ express high willingness to participate in the city design (71%) and 78% of the respondents believe that they can influence on the making decisions by administrative structures. Our respondents consider the following basic mechanisms for implementing their own vision of urban space: discussion in social networks and participation in public hearings.
Synergetics as heuristic background of modern architecture and urbanism
Authors: Kokarevich M N , Lankin V G , Voytsekhovskaya V Y 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article reveals the impact of synergetics and the evolutionary synergetic picture of the world on the architectural, urban intentions of the 20th and 21st centuries. The formation of architectural discourse is consistently shown, in which the leading place is occupied by figurative symbols, signs of a systematic (consistency), evolutionary systems, symbiosis, metabolism, self-organization, self-development, nonlinearity, dissipativity, or openness of the system, i.e. its ability to share information with the environment. The latter generates the rules of shaping in architecture, corresponding new architectural ideas, in particular, the many types of nonlinear architecture, where nonlinearity is read and embodied in different ways. These are both a surreal understanding of nonlinearity which creates a seemingly random, chaotic interweaving of lines, the possibility of infinite continuation of a building, and considering nonlinearity as the opposite of linearity, smoothness, straightness. Urban trends such as metabolism and symbiosis, synthesizing the mental unity of man and naturewith the basic ideas of synergetics, a synergistic picture of the world are approved.
Villa Gamberaia compositional features
Authors: Dormidontova V , Belkin A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The object of the study is Villa Gamberaia in Settignano. This Italian Renaissance villa was created during the 16th century, but its spatial structure differs from its contemporary compositions. In this work, the method of the compositional analysis is used. A complex of compositional techniques characteristic of the early Renaissance gardens has been revealed. These gardens were a vivid illustration of the worldview of humanism, which proclaimed nature as a beautiful, and man as a part of it and a supernatural being. In the garden space, this was achieved by such techniques as terraces organization along the horizontal contours of the relief, which provided a panoramic opening of the garden space to the surrounding landscape; parterre composition of terraces, within which people dominated; contrast of near and far plans. These features are revealed in the construction of the Villa Gamberaia space, which allows us to attribute its composition to the best examples of the early Renaissance.
Basic principles of “green” architecture in foreign realization experience
Authors: Merenkov A V , Akchurina N S , Matveeva T M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Recent years the interest in the questions of “green” architecture is growing increasingly visible throughout the world. The “green” architecture has become one of the most demanded areas of modern architecture as well as providing an incentive for the most various and multi directional research. At the present time architects and engineers face a challenge to effectively implement this trend’s opportunities in creating the architectural objects, in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. Based on analysis of the overseas experiences the article articulated and illustrated the basic principles that should be guided in order to achieve the greatest effect in the development of design and construction “green” objects.
Concept of organizing autonomous architectural objects as new paradigm of habitat
Authors: Saprykina N A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article is devoted to a relevant problem of determining ecological approaches to the formation of an autonomous architectural object as a new paradigm habitat. Introduction of ecological principles offers great promise for use in the architecture of research and development projects generating new ideas. This concept allows understanding the importance of and the need to find new trends in shaping the scope of architectural design. The purpose of the article is to identify the environmental formation techniques of architectural objects using autonomous energy supply. A leading approach to the study of this problem is based on the development of techniques for increasing energy efficiency of autonomous buildings with renewable energy. The study identifies innovative approaches to formation of autonomous architectural objects in the context of the preservation of the environment and energy saving. The materials can be useful to the theory and practice of forming the space habitat as they open completely new possibilities in architecture and construction.
On issue of justification for implementation of construction project of sports complex for residential district tura in city of Tyumen
Authors: Khait A N , Kovalyov A S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The basic principles of implementing the projects of construction of sports facilities are stated in the article, the necessity of application of the project documentation of reuse is proved. The authors list the purposes and tasks of the Government of the Tyumen region for improving the quality of people existence in the region and consider laws, concepts and programs of development of the Tyumen region and the city of Tyumen. The advantages of public-private partnership are defined, the standard project of a sports complex which will form the basis for updating the offered business idea is presented. The land plot for implementing the construction project of a sports complex is presented. In the article the possible consequences of non-compliance with standards at design of sports constructions are also briefly described. In addition, the authors note the importance of analyzing all possible sources of the generation of profit and need of the maximum optimization of construction cost for the purpose of reducing a payback period of the project.
Educational building safety
Authors: Polyantseva E R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article proposes a crime prevention approach to create educational environment and particular buildings. The author explores a structural and architectural type of the educational facilities, presents some examples of these objects, identifying the main problems associated with the protection of educational buildings from criminal activity and defines the features that help to improve the safety: strong links between the building and its surrounding, establishment of semi-public and semiprivate areas, or the buffering zones, visual transparence and simplicity of communication. The author describes modern examples of schools designed with built-in security measures. Crime prevention through environmental design accepted as a structural model of educational buildings. Contemporary safety critical research were reviewed. Subsequently, the architectural, landscaping, and planning means of protection are proposed.
Architectural process in Russia in second half of the 20th - early 21st century
Authors: Tarasova I V , Shvets A V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper seeks to identify the distinctive features of the architectural process as a concept of architectural studies and as a phenomenon, and suggests a methodology for studying the architectural process in Russia. Relevance. The need to study the architectural process in Russia in the second half of the 20th - first half of the 21st century was dictated by the following reasons: firstly, changes in the architectural creativity fundamentals expressing themselves in changes in the design techniques; secondly, development of information and computer technologies, which raised design to a qualitatively new level; third, the need to systematize the scientific knowledge of the architectural process that has been gained to date and reconsider the subject area of architectural history. Research methods. The study reviewed periodicals and research publications addressing the architectural process as a concept of architectural studies and as a specific phenomenon in the sphere of architecture. It is expected that the systematization of this information will enable certain tendencies to be revealed in the Russian architectural process. Conclusions. The proposed methodology for studying the architectural process as a phenomenon enabled three groups of changes to be identified in the Russian architectural process.
Technological problems of protection of coastal urban areas
Authors: Shubin M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Construction and operation of shore protection constructions are associated with a detailed study of abrasive and erosion-landslide processes in the coastal zone. Unfortunately, there are cases when due to the wrong choice of the type of constructions, violations of the technological process during installation is a complete or partial destruction of shore protection structures. The investigations show a low efficiency of individual shore protection measures, as well as a large number of deformations of structures on coastal fortified areas caused by the violation of technological standards in construction. It is also necessary to note the outdated methods and technologies of coastal protection used in the Volgograd region, which should be replaced by more modern and effective. Modern technology of construction of such structures will prevent the impact of abrasive processes and preserve the natural landscape of the site.
Reduction of individual carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks on impact area resulted from operation of construction industry enterprises
Authors: Lopanov A N , Yastrebinskaya A V , Edamenko A S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article presents the assessment of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to the human health resulted from the work of the construction industry enterprises. It is shown that the level of risks to the human health causes concern. It is established that while assessing carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to the human health the construction enterprises don’t take into account the emission of mercury compounds in cement production. Both the sources of mercury emission into the atmosphere and the methods for reducing mercury emission in cement production technique are shown. It’s stated that to improve the environment, it is necessary to define impact areas, provide a sanitary protective barrier between the industrial territory and the residential area by creating additional green belts that provide shielding, assimilation and filtration of air pollutants which make the microclimate better. It is suggested that monitoring of atmospheric emission of mercury should be included in the production control program and pollution control for mercury emissions should be introduced into Maximum Permissible Emissions (MPEs) projects.
Working conditions of housing and communal services system and innovative technology to minimize occupational hazards for plumbers of emergency repair services
Authors: Timofeeva S S , Skibo D V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article presents the result of studies of occupational hazards in housing and communal services of Irkutsk region. It identifies harmful and dangerous factors that may affect the employees of enterprises “Vodokanal” of the cities of Irkutsk and Usolye-Sibirskoe. The assessment of working conditions for plumbers of emergency repair services is carried out in accordance with the special method of assessment of working conditions and includes tool measurement of the actual characteristics of the working environment. Particular attention is paid to studying the effects of the chemical factor – gas discharge, primarily hydrogen sulfide, on employees when working in manholes. The actual level of professional risk in emergency repair services during the performance of plumbers’ duties in sewer networks and facilities was determined. An innovative device for sewer flusher, aimed at reducing the effects of chemical and biological factors on humans during the operation of sewer networks, is presented.
Features of material composition of slag incineration plants
Authors: Kolodezhnaya E V , Garkavi M S , Novikova N G 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The most part of the municipal solid waste which is formed in the world is utilized by burning. The slags which are formed in the course of burning of garbage contain heavy metals from which the main ones are aluminum, copper, zinc and lead. Waste from garbage burning can be buried in special grounds or be applied as grounds at construction of waste landfill, that can significantly reduce space reserved for warehousing of waste. The analysis of material composition is carried out for definition of possible areas and ways of utilization slags of refuse incinerators. Distribution of chemical elements on fineness classes in the initial material is studied. As a result of microprobe research, the authors establish the forms of finding of ecologically controlled elements in slag. Recommendations about the choice of ways of enrichment are made.
Assessment of environmental damage to atmospheric air during development of oil and gas fields
Authors: Gorlenko N V , Timofeeva S S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
At present, new tasks arise for the oil and gas producing industry in the Russian Federation. This is due to the geopolitical need to develop new oil and gas producing regions, in addition to the existing fields, in the coming years. These regions include, first of all, the Lena-Tunguska province with the most promising Dulisma, Yarakta, and Iktekh fields. The impact of extractive industry facilities on the environment is manifested both at the construction stage and at the stage of their exploitation. This makes it necessary to study geoecological risks for various facilities of the extractive industry. The authors studied the ecological situation in the production activity area of the fields and established the main environmental consequences of gas and oil production and their negative impact on the environment. Having measured the factors of the production environment, we established that the fields pollute the atmosphere mostly with emissions of hazardous substances, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen and natural gas. The authors carried out an estimation of the economic damage to atmospheric air during the development of the fields. As a result, it was found that the Yarakta field causes the greatest economic damage to the atmospheric air.
Dust load in silicon production and occupational risks
Authors: Leonova M S , Timofeeva S S , Murzin M A 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe aim of this paper was to study the characteristics of dust generated in technological processes in the production of silicon in the Irkutsk Region, as well as to assess dust load and occupational risks of the shop workers. Using chemical and X-ray phase analysis methods, as well as electron microscopy, it was shown that silicon dust contains more than 80% of silicon dioxide, which is a source of increased hazard for the workers of the enterprise. Also, using the scoring method, the questionnaire method, and the method of assessing the individual occupational risk level, it was established that the individual occupational risks of the studied occupations range from 1.1 10−3to 3.3 10−3. The increased concentration of finely dispersed man-made silicon production waste confirms the need to take organizational and technical measures to reduce the dust load, including the creation of economic conditions for pelletizing the batch.
Ecological human health risk in aluminum producing areas of Baikal region
Authors: Ivanova S V , Ryabchikova I A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The 2017 list of Russian cities with the highest level of air pollution included 21 cities, 7 of which (30%) are located in the Irkutsk region. Among them are large industrial centers of non-ferrous metallurgy - Shelekhov and Bratsk. The purpose of the article is to assess the health risk for the population living in the aluminum producing areas (Shelekhov, Irkutsk region). The health risk was assessed on the basis of G 2.1.10.1920-04 using modern sanitary and hygienic standards. Air quality in 2007-2017 and load on the urban population inhaling polluted air (inhalation route) were determined. Two groups of hazardous effects were identified. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks were distinguished. Individual inhalation risks were calculated and hazardous substances were identified. The total carcinogenic risk exceeds an acceptable level and is mainly due to inhalation of formaldehyde and chromium (46.7% and 52.3%, respectively). The chronic non-carcinogenic risk is due to the suspended substances, formaldehyde and benzopyrene inhalation. The non-cancerogenic effect of air on the respiratory organs, the immune system and eye pathology is crucial. The article suggests measures (implementation of advanced production technologies, reconstruction of heating systems, etc.) to prevent hazardous risks.
Investigation of chrysotile asbestos dust in air of working zones and environment
Authors: Burkhanova R A , Azarov V N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article presents an analysis of the chemical composition of chrysotile asbestos and studies the difference between asbestoses of chrysotile and amphibole groups along with their influence on the health of industrial workers. The dispersion analysis of the dust from aspiration systems serving the technological equipment and processes as well as of the dust from the air at the boarder of the sanitary protection zone of enterprise was carried out. In addition, the article describes a method for the evaluation of technological equipment as a source of dust emissions, that is adapted to the sphere of asbestos cement manufacturing. It also gives an example of determining the air tightness of technological equipment and of calculating the volume of dust emissions in the blank preparation shop of an integrated plant. Furthermore, an investigation of the aerodynamic characteristics of dust of chrysotile asbestos and cement was carried out. The average velocity of dust deposition was determined and the recommendations aimed at reducing the negative influence of dust factor in the air of working zones of enterprises were given.
Measures to improve environmental safety of urban gas stations
Authors: Bakaeva N V , Garmonov K V , Sheps R A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Placement of gas stations (gas stations) in the city, as a rule, is not ordered. In connection with the current development of the city, the placement of the gas station is a point building on the free places, which leads to a violation of the norms and deterioration of the environmental condition in the territory of the nearest building. The authors systematize the factors affecting the environmental safety of gas stations in the urban area. This was done on the basis of previously obtained results of theoretical and experimental studies, as well as the results of numerical simulation. It became possible to characterize the degree of influence of existing or newly built gas stations on the environment. The algorithm of complex assessment of ecological safety of gas stations is offered on the basis of system of the revealed factors. Practical recommendations were developed to reduce the negative impact of existing and newly designed gas stations on the nearest development.
Corrosion of tubing of oil fields
Authors: Tyusenkov A S , Nasibullina O A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Tubing are intended for a wide range of works from pumping out of oil and gas from a well cavity before production of various repair work. With their help on oil fields carry out raising of oil from a productive zone of layer to well head and also force water for maintenance of reservoir pressure. The main problem at operation of these pipes are refusals because of corrosion defeat. The main types of corrosion destructions of tubing connected with presence at the obtained environment of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide are given in the paper. One of the ways of protection of an internal surface of tubing is the use of corrosion inhibitors – chemical reagents which introduction in small dosages on corrosion Wednesday significantly reduces metal corrosion rate. Results of experiments on corrosion inhibitor selection for protection of the oil-field equipment of one of fields of the Russian Federation are given in the paper.
Methodology of motor transport air pollution monitoring of large city taking into account residential development type
Authors: Sidorenko V F , Ignatyev A V , Abroskin A A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A complex method of motor transport air pollution monitoring of a large city was developed, taking into account meteorological conditions and types of residential development, combining traditional computational methods, the results of field research, data obtained from the experiments on dispersion modeling of motor vehicle emissions under various conditions and mathematical modeling. The methodology allows for the operation of a monitoring system for a part of the city’s territory (within the given boundaries). It’s able to determine areas with negative ecological condition in need of management decisions to improve the urban environment; identify favorable areas where it is possible to ensure complete ecological safety when placing construction sites; predict changes in the atmospheric air quality in a changing residential development.