bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient fabrication of a high-aspect-ratio AFM tip by one-step exposure of a long focal depth holographic femtosecond axilens beam
Authors: Pan Deng , Liu Shunli , Ji Shengyun , Cai Ze , Li Jiawen , Hou Yaoping , Zhang Weijie , Fan Shengying , Li Rui , Hu Yanlei , Zhu Wulin , Wu Dong , Chu Jiaru 
Published: January 2020

In this Letter, we demonstrate a laser fabrication strategy that uses
the long focal depth femtosecond axilens laser beam to manufacture the
high-aspect-ratio (HAR) micropillars and atomic force microscopy (AFM)
probes by one-step exposure. The long depth of focus is generated by
modulating laser beam focused at different positions. By adjusting the
exposure height, the morphology of HAR micropillars can be tuned
flexibly, and the micropillar with an ultra-high aspect ratio
(diameter of 1.5 µm, height of 102 µm,

A
R

=

70

) can be fabricated within 10 ms which
is a great challenge for other processing methods to obtain such a HAR
microstructure in such a short time. In addition, the HAR micropillar
is fabricated onto a cantilever to form the AFM probe. The homemade
probe shows fine imaging quality. This
method greatly improves the processing efficiency while ensuring the
fabrication resolution which provides a powerful method for processing
HAR microstructures.
High efficiency Al/Sc-based multilayer coatings in the EUV wavelength range above 40 nanometers
Authors: Rebellato Jennifer , Soufli Regina , Meltchakov Evgueni , Gullikson Eric , de Rossi Sébastien , Delmotte Franck 
Published: January 2020

In this Letter, we have developed new and highly efficient periodic multilayer mirrors Al/Sc, Al/Sc/SiC, and Mo/Al/Sc with optimized reflectance at wavelengths between 40 and 65 nm. We have reached record values in measured peak reflectance: 57.5% at 44.7 nm and 46.5% at 51 nm, with Al/Sc/SiC at near-normal incidence. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, we have achieved the largest reported bandwidth with Mo/Al/Sc at 57 nm and the narrowest bandwidth with Al/Sc at a 60 nm wavelength. These new and promising results demonstrate that Al/Sc-based multilayer coatings are excellent candidates for future generations of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) instruments for solar physics, EUV lasers, and attosecond science, in a wavelength range that has not been fully explored.
Miniature Fabry–Perot interferometer based on a movable microsphere reflector
Authors: Tian Ke , Yu Jibo , Wang Xin , Zhao Haiyan , Liu Dejun , Lewis Elfed , Farrell Gerald , Wang Pengfei 
Published: January 2020

We propose and demonstrate a miniature Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) based on a movable microsphere reflector. The movable microsphere acts as a good reflector, with the reflections occurring at the spliced single-mode fiber/hollow-core fiber interface and the surface of a microsphere, resulting in two-beam interference. The silica microsphere is formed at the tip of a half-tapered optical fiber, and its diameter can be reduced to miniaturize the FPI. The movable microsphere interferometer exhibits a highly linear response to external displacement change, and a high displacement sensitivity of 11.9 pm/nm with a nanoscale resolution of 1.7 nm is achieved. Wide-range displacement can also be measured by monitoring the changes in the free spectral range of the reflection spectrum. Therefore, this miniaturized FPI may find use in applications in nano-displacement measurement fields, and the concept of a movable microsphere reflector is of great significance for the miniaturization of micro-photonic devices.
Photonic generation of background-free frequency-doubled phase-coded microwave pulses with immunity to periodic power fading
Authors: Zhang Wu , Tan Qinggui , Li Xiaojun , Wang Di 
Published: January 2020

A novel (to the best of our knowledge) photonic approach for the generation of background-free frequency-doubled phase-coded microwave pulses with immunity to periodic power fading is proposed. By switching between the carrier suppressed double sideband (CS-DSB) modulation with reverse quadrature phase difference and carrier suppressed single sideband (CS-SSB) modulation, background-free phase-coded microwave pulses with frequency doubling of the local oscillator signal can be obtained. Thanks to the CS-DSB/CS-SSB modulation, the generated microwave pulses can be directly transmitted via single-mode fiber (SMF) without the influence of the periodic power fading. Since no filter is utilized, the proposed scheme owns a wide frequency tunable range. An experiment is conducted to verify the proposed approach. Two 1 Gbit/s phase-coded microwave pulses with center frequencies of 6 and 12 GHz are generated and successfully transmitted through a 25 km SMF. The pulse compression ratio and main-to-sidelobe ratio after the transmissions are measured as 13 and 8.84 dB, respectively.
Optical beam steering by using tunable, narrow-linewidth butt-coupled hybrid lasers in a silicon nitride photonics platform
Authors: Zhu Yeyu , Zeng Siwei , Zhu Lin 
Published: January 2020

Chip-scale, tunable narrow-linewidth hybrid integrated diode lasers based on quantum-dot RSOAs at 1.3 μm are demonstrated through butt-coupling to a silicon nitride photonic integrated circuit. The hybrid laser linewidth is around 85 kHz, and the tuning range is around 47 nm. Then, a fully integrated beam steerer is demonstrated by combining the tunable diode laser with a waveguide surface grating. Our system can provide beam steering of 4.1° in one direction by tuning the wavelength of the hybrid laser. Besides, a wavelength-tunable triple-band hybrid laser system working at

∼
1

,

∼
1.3

, and

∼
1.55

μm

bands is demonstrated for wide-angle beam steering in a single chip.
Intensitas Cacing Ektoparasit Ikan Kerapu Tikus Cromileptes altivelis pada Karamba Jaring Apung di Perairan Situbondo Jawa Timur
Authors: Mahasri Gunanti , Wulansari Putri Desi , Imani Indah Hidayati 
Published: January 2020

This study aims to determine the intensity of ectoparasite helminth of Humpback Grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) in floating cage net’s sea Situbondo. This research is a survey research using descriptive analysis to complete data of ectoparasites helminth of humpback grouper in floating cage net’s Sea Situbondo. The humpback grouper use 8-10 cm and 13-20 cm in size taken from floating cage net’s in Situbondo Sea, East Java. The samples use 30 fishes for each size based on a reference from floating cagenet’s Situbondo, East Java. The results show that ectoparasite helmint which found at floating cage net’s sea Situbondo namely Zeylanicobdella and Neobenedenia. The value of the intensity and degree of infestation of a single infestation of Zeylanicobdella at floating cage net is 4.7 individual/fish (low). In a single infestation Neobenedenia in floating net cage is 2.5 individual/fish (low). In the infestation of a mixture of Zeylanicobdella and Neobenedenia in floating net cage are 9.5 individual/fish (average).Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui intensitas cacing ektoparasit ikan kerapu tikus (Cromileptes altivelis) pada karamba jaring apung di perairan laut Situbondo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif untuk melengkapi data cacing ektoparasit ikan kerapu tikus pada karamba jaring apung (KJA). Ikan kerapu tikus yang digunakan adalah ukuran 8-10 cm dan 13-20 cm yang diambil dari KJA di perairan laut Situbondo. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu masing-masing 30 ekor untuk tiap ukuran dengan berdasar acuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan cacing ektoparasit pada KJA di perairan laut Situbondo yaitu Zeylanicobdella dan Neobenedenia. Nilai intensitas dan derajat infestasi dari infestasi tunggal Zeylanicobdella pada ikan kerapu di Karamba Jaring Apung (KJA) adalah 4,7 individu/ekor(ringan). Pada infestasi tunggal Neobenedenia di KJA adalah 2,5 individu/ekor yang termasuk dalam infestasi ringan. Sedangkan pada infestasi campuran Zeylanicobdella dan Neobenedenia yang ditemukan adalah 9,5 individu/ekor yang termasuk dalam infestasi sedang. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai acuan dalam pencegahan penyakit helminth pada budidaya ikan kerapu.
Kontaminasi Residu Pestisida Organoposfat: Klorpirifos, Fenitrotion dan Profenofos dalam Bivalvia yang Ditangkap di Pesisir Utara Pulau Jawa
Authors: Suryono Chrisna Adhi , Sabdono Agus , Subagiyo Subagiyo 
Published: January 2020

Organophosphate pesticides were widely used in agriculture and OPP which was less accumulative and degradable but It has been found in an aquatic environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of organophosphate pesticide residues in bivalve which was fishing in North Coast of Java specifically the Demak and Surabaya. Bivalvia, sediment and seawater samples were analysed using GC-MS. The results showed that the bivalves of A inaequivalvis, P viridis, A pectinata captured in Demak and Surabaya were contaminated with organophosphate pesticide of chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion and profenofos. The chlorpyrifos was found in all species of bivalves, but the highest concentrations of OPP were profenophos> chlorpyrifos > fenitrothion respectively. ANOVA test results show that there was a very significant difference in OPP residues in bivalves p = 0.009, but there was no difference in OPP residues between locations.Organoposfat pestisida (OPP) banyak digunakan secara meluas dalam pertanian dan OPP tersebut kurang akumulatif dan mudah terurai namun keberdaanya telah di temukan dala lingkungan perairan. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat akumulasi residu pestisida organoposfat yang terdapat di bivalvia yang ditangkap di pesisir Utara Jawa khususnya wilayah Demak dan Surabaya. Sampel bivalvia, sedimen dan air laut dianalisa menggunakan GC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa bivalvia A inaequivalvis, P viridis, A pectinata yang ditangkap di Demak dan Surabaya terkontaminasi pestisida organoposfat jenis Klorpirifos, Fenitrotion dan Profenofos. Klorpirifos ditemukan pada semua bivalvia, namun konsentrasi tertinggi OPP secara berurutan profenofos > klorpirifos > fenitrotion. Hasil uji ANOVA menunjukan adanya perbedaan yang sangat nyata residu OPP dalam bivalvia p= 0.009, namun tidak ada berbedaan residu OPP antar wilayah lokasi.
Der codierte Christus Figuration als Bild-Text-Dynamik im De laudibus sanctae crucis des Hrabanus Maurus
Authors: Schulz Matthias 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Among the early medieval illuminated manuscripts of the ninth century, the De laudibus sanctae crucis (Cod. Reg. Lat 124) by Hrabanus Maurus offers one of the most complex interplays of image-text relationships based on carmina figurata. It unfolds different levels and strategies of figuration. The specific aspects and qualities of its iconic practice can be described as a kind of coding. The coded subject and leitmotif of the cycle, which affects and gives structure to all other miniatures, is the central figure of Christus triumphans. The essay focuses on the detailed description and analysis of this symbiotic dynamic of a figural impulse that combines seeing, reading, and imagination into a meta-concept of figuration.
Giulio Mancini e la nascita della connoisseurship
Authors: Pierguidi Stefano 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The role of Giulio Mancini as the father of connoisseurship has been recently questioned on the grounds that Mancini never aimed to discuss the attributions of contemporary works of art. Generally the birth of modern connoisseurship, with figures such as the Richardson brothers, has been linked to the growing art market of the 18th century, and the most important 17th-century forerunners, such as Marco Boschini, acted as dealers as well: all these connoisseurs dealt with the attributions of paintings of the previous centuries. This paper explores the roots of connoisseurship in the topography work of Mancini, author of the first modern artistic guide to Rome. Mancini, studying the early Renaissance frescoes in Rome (Jacopo Ripanda, Pastura, Pinturicchio, Baldassarre Peruzzi), discussed Vasari’s biographies and suggested new attributions with a modern approach that clearly anticipates the method of later connoisseurs.
MapTap and Cornelia Slow Digital Art History and Formal Art Historical Social Network Research
Authors: Brosens Koenraad , Alen Klara , Slegten Astrid , Truyen Fred 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The essay introduces MapTap, a research project that zooms in on the ever-changing social networks underpinning Flemish tapestry (1620 – 1720). MapTap develops the young and still slightly amorphous field of Formal Art Historical Social Network Research (FAHSNR) and is fueled by Cornelia, a custom-made database. Cornelia’s unique data model allows researchers to organize attribution and relational data from a wide array of sources in such a way that the complex multiplex and multimode networks emerging from the data can be transformed into partial unimode networks that enable proper FAHSNR. A case study revealing the key roles played by women in the tapestry landscape shows how this kind of slow digital art history can further our understanding of early modern creative communities and industries.
Portraiture under Epoché: Matisse According to Husserl
Authors: Zeidler Sebastian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article considers a range of issues in Henri Matisse’s art from around 1906 through the lens of Edmund Husserl’s theory of the image: the treatment of light and color in Matisse’s Young Sailor II, his combination of image and sign in the portrait of his daughter Marguerite, and the interaction between marks and sheet in his drawings. In Matisse’s art and Husserl’s phenomenology, just what was a portrait; and what, more broadly, was the relation between a modern self and his world? The answers to these questions suggest why Husserl has become such a popular reference point for Bildwissenschaft. A century ago, Husserl and Matisse did what contemporary image culture is now doing as a matter of course. In putting their world under epoché, they experienced it by expelling themselves from it.
Gold, Licht und das Potenzial des Mosaiks
Authors: Schellewald Barbara 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article focuses on the complex interaction between gold and light in the very specific medium of mosaic in Late Antiquity and Byzantium. Studying the metaphoric qualities of light/gold and its qualitative distinctions in early Christian and Byzantine sources leads us to an understanding of the complex function of gold or golden tesserae in script and images. As gold is understood as light, mosaic seems to be a more or less perfect medium as it is not stable, but dependent on the changing light. The gold ground is transformed in every moment by light. Mosaic can thus be understood as the medium with the greatest capacity to bridge – virtually – the gap between the visible and the invisible divine light.
“Framing and Fashioning of Images”: The Pictorial Invention of the Art Lover in Daniel Mytens’s Portrait of Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel (ca 1618)
Authors: Volmert Miriam 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article examines Daniel Mytens’s portrait of Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel, and the pendant portrait of his wife, Aletheia Howard (ca 1618), in relation to early modern rhetorical concepts in portrait painting and art theory. Particular focus is placed on the pictorial meaning of the depicted sculpture gallery in Lord Arundel’s portrait in its relation to the sitter. The author argues that the composition subtly transforms certain patterns of a long-standing pictorial code in portrait painting, which can be identified as a type of “picture within a picture.” Already established in the Italian portrait tradition, an integrated little picture or window view next to the sitter was a widespread formula in seventeenth-century Dutch and British portraiture, in order to praise a sitter’s moral and political virtues. Mytens reinterprets this portrait type, in this way inventing a pictorial mode of highlighting the particular virtues of the art lover: his portrait, through its adaptation of the picture-within-a-picture formula, praises the earl’s noble act of collecting antiquities while at the same time strongly emphasizing his intellectual strength.
Neue Einbände für alte Handschriften
Authors: Wittekind Susanne 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A book cover encloses the manuscript inside. If it is elaborate, it distinguishes the manuscript as a precious and valuable object (as a frame does for a painting), all the more so when an old manuscript is clothed in a new and costly cover. In conjunction with added texts and other traces of use, one can grasp from this ‘reframing’ a shift of a text’s meaning. This is especially true of Gospel Books, which were handled as symbols of God in liturgical contexts. From the High Middle Ages on, treasure inventories and oath formulae were added to Gospel Books. They indicate the importance of an old Gospel Book for the religious community as a material proof of the age and rank of their church. Gospel Book covers from the High and Late Middle Ages demonstrate this by using spolia, old-fashioned forms and material, or invoking venerated founders. Often shaped as pendants, they seem to be arranged for display.
Vom liturgischen Textil zum Werbebanner? Zwei byzantinische Goldstickereien im Dom zu Halberstadt
Authors: Strohmaier Patricia 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Two church banners made from a garment of late-fourteenth-century Italian lampas display two late-twelfth-century purple veils embroidered with gold. Bishop Konrad of Krosigk, having acquired a treasure of relics, textiles, and liturgical objects during the Fourth Crusade, donated these to his cathedral. The article focuses on how the two veils, which originally had veiled the chalice and the paten in the Byzantine mass, were reused and reframed. There is evidence that at first they were displayed upon or close to the altar, representing the cathedral’s new wealth by their costly appearance and Greek inscriptions evoking the splendor of Byzantine textile production. When sewn on church banners in the fifteenth century, they assumed the role of an advertisement for the Byzantine treasure, an attempt to reaffirm the marginalized cathedral’s prestige.
›Reframing‹ mittelalterlicher Skulpturen: Verschönerung, Umnutzung, Neuinterpretation?
Authors: Bergmann Ulrike 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Medieval wooden sculptures were in most cases reframed several times during their history. Sculptures have thus been repainted or reused in different contexts. The reasons for these reframings have been different, for example change of taste, use, or place, or repair of damage. Sculptures of the Virgin Mary were especially subject to these later changes, because they were the focus of veneration and thus were exposed to touching hands, burning candles, and incense. In addition, the image of the Virgin was often exposed to fashionable new stylings. Medieval reframings can only be traced by very close examination of the object and are difficult to link with a specific historical context. Therefore, this study concentrates on some examples of medieval sculptures in Cologne, which have been the subjects of intense studies by restorers and art historians.
Neupräsentationen und Umdeutungen des Heiligen Kreuzes von Polling vom 13. bis zum 18. Jahrhundert
Authors: Seeberg Stefanie 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The center of the baroque altarpiece of the Augustinian Monastery of Polling in South Germany forms the so-called Holy Cross. Its current presentation, dated from 1763, is the last of a sequence of four well-documented presentations of a Romanesque wooden cross since 1230. This cross is an excellent example for analyzing and comparing several methods of re-presenting a historic art object as well as for understanding the motivation for such re-presentations, which are grounded on changes of the spiritual function of the object. In its first reframing, the cross received a covering of gilded parchment and a painting of the crucifix on this ground coat. In a fundamental publication from 1994, this covering was compared with a reliquary holding the old venerated wooden cross. However, looking at the context of medieval instructions for painters and the material evidence of extant contemporary paintings, this interpretation becomes questionable: the covering with parchment was a common and technically motivated procedure rather than a spiritually motivated one.
The Lost Gothic Statue of St. Wenceslas at the Old Town Bridge Tower
Authors: Gajdošová Jana 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This article suggests that a Gothic statue of St. Wenceslas once stood in front of Prague’s Old Town Bridge Tower in a location where a miracle associated with the translation of the saint’s body occurred. Consequently, the statue complemented the east façade’s sculptural program but was also set away from it in order to signal the saint’s significance here. This location in turn encouraged the viewers below to interact with the statue in a very intimate way, and also to make a link between this canonized Bohemian ruler and Emperor Charles IV. The emperor’s own statue on the façade, fashioned with the symbols of St. Wenceslas, leaned out of its architectural niche in order to look down at the saint-king and to emphasize the link between the two rulers.
Silver and Sanctified Bookkeeping: St. Eligius and the Smelting of Sin in the Wittenberg Heiligtum
Authors: Huber Stephanie Lebas 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This article examines Lucas Cranach’s renderings of two non-extant silver gilt reliquaries made in the likeness of St. Eligius from the electoral Heiligtu. in Wittenberg. The significance of Eligius’s dual roles as both a metalworker for the Merovingian kings and as the bishop of Noyon bestowed the prince-electors in Wittenberg, most notably Frederick the Wise, with the ability to cleanse their treasury of all sin associated with indulgences. To explain the prominent place given to Eligius’s image in the collection, the article investigates his connection to French royalty, Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV’s valorization of his cult, the meaning attributed to his image in vernacular legends, and the evolving administrative role of bishops across the Middle Ages.
Verkörperung – Entkörperung bei Rembrandt
Authors: Koos Marianne 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This article analyzes the painterly formation of pictorial subjects of embodiment and disembodiment since the early modern period. Starting with Gerhard Richter, Quattrocento painters, and Titian, it focuses on Rembrandt and his late group portrait The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Deijman (1656). The subject of this picture is a dissection of a man’s brain – and hence the surgeons’ search for the seat of the human soul and the motion of life. In the motif of the corpse, Rembrandt performs a radical operation with paint layers that historical sources described with the terms “doodverwe” and “lyffverwe” (“dead color” and “body color”). Rembrandt’s pictorial formation is a distinctly complex answer to the soulless, lifeless corpse’s state of being, which has been reduced to no more than an image. At the same time, the dead body is the place in which Rembrandt reflects the act of painting as a way of working with the tension of embodiment and disembodiment, of giving and taking life, with color.