bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childhood Exposure to Low to Moderate Doses of Ionizing Radiation and the Risk of Vascular Diseases
Authors: Sadetzki Siegal , Chetrit Angela , Boursi Ben , Luxenburg Osnat , Novikov Ilya , Cohen Arnon 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In the Tinea Capitis Study (Israel, 1966–2011), we assessed the association between childhood exposure to low to moderate doses of ionizing radiation (IR) to the head and neck and the development of vascular diseases (ischemic heart disease, carotid artery stenosis, and stroke) in adulthood. The study included 17,734 individuals from the Tinea Capitis cohort (7,408 irradiated in childhood and 10,326 nonirradiated), insured by Israel’s largest health provider. Individual dosimetry was estimated based on measurements made on a head phantom and original treatment records. The mean doses were 1.5, 0.09, 0.78, and 0.017 Gy to brain, thyroid, salivary gland, and breast, respectively. Data on vascular diseases was abstracted from computerized medical records. Using Poisson regressions, we examined the association of radiation with morbidity. Any vascular disease was reported for 2,221 individuals. Adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes, exposure to IR increased the risk of developing any vascular diseases (relative risk (RR) = 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09, 1.29), stroke (RR = 1.35, 1.20, 1.53), carotid artery stenosis (RR = 1.32, 1.06, 1.64), and ischemic heart disease (RR = 1.12, 1.01, 1.26). The risk of developing vascular diseases was positively associated with dose and inversely associated with age at exposure. In conclusion, the results indicate that early exposure to low to moderate doses of IR increases the risk of cerebro- and cardiovascular impairments.
Environmental complexity during early life shapes average behavior in adulthood
Authors: Xu Wenjiu , Yao Qi , Zhang Wenwen , Zhang Feng , Li Haifeng , Xu Renxin , Li Chunlin , Zhang Baowei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPersonality has been identified in a range of animal taxa during the last few decades, with important ecological and evolutionary implications. Investigating the effects of environmental factors during early life can provide important insights into the ontogeny of animal personality. We reared newborn mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis, in tanks of different structural complexities, and measured their behavioral traits (i.e., shyness, exploration, and sociability) when they reached sexual maturity. Univariate linear mixed-effects models were fitted to test the effects of environmental complexity and sex on population-average behavior, whereas multivariate models were fitted to quantify behavioral repeatability (i.e., personality) and among-individual correlations (i.e., behavioral syndromes). On average, females were shyer and more social than males, and the fish reared in complex environments were shyer, less explorative, and more social than those reared in open environments. Among-individual differences were consistently large across trials for all behaviors, indicating that personality variation was present in mosquitofish of both sexes reared in different environments. Repeatability did not differ among behaviors, and there were no differences in repeatability in any behavior between sexes or among environments. A negative correlation between shyness and exploration was found in mosquitofish from all treatments at both phenotypic and among-individual levels, with the latter indicating a strong shyness–exploration behavioral syndrome. Our study provides robust evidence that average levels of personality might vary when mosquitofish are raised in different levels of structural complexity during early life.
QAlign: aligning nanopore reads accurately using current-level modeling
Authors: Joshi Dhaivat , Mao Shunfu , Kannan Sreeram , Diggavi Suhas 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Efficient and accurate alignment of DNA/RNA sequence reads to each other or to a reference genome/transcriptome is an important problem in genomic analysis. Nanopore sequencing has emerged as a major sequencing technology and many long-read aligners have been designed for aligning nanopore reads. However, the high error rate makes accurate and efficient alignment difficult. Utilizing the noise and error characteristics inherent in the sequencing process properly can play a vital role in constructing a robust aligner. In this article, we design QAlign, a pre-processor that can be used with any long-read aligner for aligning long reads to a genome/transcriptome or to other long reads. The key idea in QAlign is to convert the nucleotide reads into discretized current levels that capture the error modes of the nanopore sequencer before running it through a sequence aligner.

Results
We show that QAlign is able to improve alignment rates from around 80% up to 90% with nanopore reads when aligning to the genome. We also show that QAlign improves the average overlap quality by 9.2, 2.5 and 10.8% in three real datasets for read-to-read alignment. Read-to-transcriptome alignment rates are improved from 51.6% to 75.4% and 82.6% to 90% in two real datasets.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/joshidhaivat/QAlign.git.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Being Visible in the Policy Process: The Experience of the School of Social Work at Addis Ababa University
Authors: Baynesagn Ashenafi Hagos 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Social work faculty regularly encourage students to engage in policy practice, often structuring course assignments to allow students to apply their social work knowledge and skills to the policy process. Faculty members, as part of the expectation that they engage in community service, often are themselves involved with community groups, agencies, organisations and government bodies to develop, revise and evaluate policies to promote social and economic justice. Less is known about how social work education programmes, as organisations, work to fulfil the profession’s expectations and mandates regarding promoting more just policies and programmes. Hence, qualitative data were collected from twenty participants, forty-nine documents and more than seventy email conversations to understand the experience of School of Social Work at Addis Ababa University. The School’s experience offers an example of how an educational enterprise using its faculty members can be involved in policy practice. This article identifies various activities in which the School has been involved over the past fifteen years as well as the challenges and benefits of being engaged in these forms of policy practice.
Wound healing center establishment and new technology application in improving the wound healing quality in China
Authors: Fu Xiaobing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Wound healing, tissue repair and regenerative medicine are in great demand, and great achievements in these fields have been made. In recent years, many of these successes have benefitted patients, especially in the field of chronic skin wounds. However, perfect tissue repair and regeneration of damaged tissues and organs are still great challenges in the management of trauma and diseases. In this paper, the main achievements in wound healing, tissue repair and regeneration in China are reviewed and the establishment of wound healing centers and new technology application in improving wound healing quality in patients in China is highlighted.
Advancing a Dual-Process Model to Explain Interpersonal Versus Intergroup Communication in Social Media
Authors: Hinck Alexandra S , Carr Caleb T 
Published: September 2020

AbstractExisting theories within interpersonal (IPC) and intergroup communication (IGC) have not yet explained when online interactions are initially intergroup in nature, interpersonal, or both. We address this undertheorized conundrum—which is particularly challenging as more communication occurs on social media, in which a multitude of goals may converge—by proposing the dual-process model of interpersonal–intergroup communication (IPC–IPG). Focusing on both the situation and a multiple goals perspective, this model can help explain where on the interpersonal–intergroup continuum online interactions fall. The ability to understand and articulate the antecedents and processes that may guide initial interactions can enhance future work by providing a mechanism through which to theorize which set(s) of theory may be most applicable to explain or predict a communicative situation and its outcomes.
Prescription Opioid Use Among Populations of Reproductive Age: Effects on Fertility, Pregnancy Loss, and Pregnancy Complications
Authors: Flannagan Kerry S , Sjaarda Lindsey A , Mumford Sunni L , Schisterman Enrique F 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Prescription opioid use is common among men and women of reproductive age, including during assisted-reproduction procedures. Opioid use disorder and chronic use are associated with harms to fertility and pregnancy outcomes, but it is unclear whether these associations extend to common short-term patterns of prescription opioid use. We conducted a literature review using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus to identify studies of nonchronic, nondependent opioid use and reproductive endpoints including fertility, pregnancy loss, and pregnancy complications (i.e., preterm birth, birth weight, gestational diabetes, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy). Seventeen studies were included. Although results of the studies suggest possible harms of short-term opioid use on fertility and pregnancy loss, methodologic limitations and the small number of studies make the literature inconclusive. This review highlights important data gaps that must be addressed to make conclusions about potential reproductive effects of short-term opioid use. These include the need for additional data on opioid use before clinically recognized pregnancy; accurate measurement of opioid exposure by multiple means with detailed information on the types and quantity of opioids used; assessment of important confounders, including opioid use indication, comorbidities, and use of other medications and substances; and studies of paternal opioid use, fertility, and pregnancy outcomes. A primary limitation of this review targeting studies of nonchronic opioid exposure is the possibility that selected studies included populations with unspecified chronic or dependent opioid use. Efforts to understand the impact of the prescription opioid epidemic should address potential reproductive harms of these medications among people of reproductive age.
The Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Accumulation of Stress Among Black Men in the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Thorpe Roland J , Cobb Ryon , King Keyonna , Bruce Marino A , Archibald Paul , Jones Harlan P , Norris Keith C , Whitfield Keith E , Hudson Darrell 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAmong the multiple factors posited to drive the health inequities that black men experience, the fundamental role of stress in the production of poor health is a key component. Allostatic load (AL) is considered to be a byproduct of stressors related to cumulative disadvantage. Exposure to chronic stress is associated with poorer mental health including depressive symptoms. Few studies have investigated how AL contributes to depressive symptoms among black men. The purpose of the cross-sectional study was to examine the association between AL and depressive symptoms among middle- to old age black men.Research Design and MethodsThis project used the 2010 and 2012 wave of the Health and Retirement Study enhanced face-to-face interview that included a biomarker assessment and psychosocial questionnaire. Depressive symptoms, assessed by the endorsement of 3 or more symptoms on the Center for Epidemiological Studies—Depression 8-item scale, was the outcome variable. The main independent variable, AL, score was calculated by summing the number values that were in the high range for that particular biomarker value scores ranging from 0 to 7. black men whose AL score was 3 or greater were considered to be in the high AL group. Modified Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThere was a larger proportion of black men in the high AL group who reported depressive symptoms (30.0% vs. 20.0%) compared with black men in the low AL group. After adjusting for age, education, income, drinking, and smoking status, the prevalence of reporting 3 or more depressive symptoms was statistically significant among black men in the high AL group (PR = 1.61 [95% CI: 1.20–2.17]) than black men in the low AL group.Discussion and ImplicationsExposure to chronic stress is related to reporting 3 or more depressive symptoms among black men after controlling for potential confounders. Improving the social and economic conditions for which black men work, play, and pray is key to reducing stress, thereby potentially leading to the reporting of fewer depressive symptoms.
Melt-affected ocean crust and uppermost mantle near Hawaii—clues from ambient-noise phase velocity and seafloor compliance
Authors: Doran A K , Laske G 
Published: September 2020

SUMMARYWe present models of crustal and uppermost mantle structure beneath the Hawaiian Swell and surrounding region. The models were derived from ambient-noise intermediate-period Rayleigh-wave phase velocities and from seafloor compliance that were estimated from continuous seismic and pressure recordings collected during the Hawaiian Plume-Lithosphere Undersea Mantle Experiment (PLUME). We jointly inverted these data at the locations of over 50 ocean-bottom instruments, after accounting for variations in local bathymetry and sediment properties. Our results suggest that the crystalline crust is up to 15 km thick beneath the swell and up to 23 km thick closer to the islands. Anomalously thick crust extends towards the older seamounts, downstream of Hawaii. In a second region, anomalies immediately to the south of Hawaii may be associated with the leading edge of the shallow Hawaiian magma conduit. In a third region, thickened crust to the immediate west of Hawaii may be related to Cretaceous seamounts. Low seismic velocities identified in the uppermost mantle to the northeast of Hawaii may be linked to the Molokai fracture zone and may be manifest of complex non-vertical pathways of melt through the upper lithosphere. Velocity anomalies decrease in amplitude towards the surface, suggesting that melt becomes focused into conduits at depths between 20 and 40 km that escape the resolution capabilities of our data set.
Seismic evidence for a fossil slab origin for the Isabella anomaly
Authors: Dougherty Sara L , Jiang Chengxin , Clayton Robert W , Schmandt Brandon , Hansen Steven M 
Published: September 2020

SUMMARY
A teleseismic receiver function image of a slab-like feature that extends from the Pacific coast to the foothills of the Sierra Nevada beneath central California connects the expected location of the subducted remnant of the Monterey microplate to the high-velocity Isabella anomaly in the upper mantle. The observed structure indicates that this anomaly is a relic of the subduction zone that preceded capture of the Monterey microplate by the Pacific plate and is not due to the delamination of the lithosphere beneath the Sierra Nevada Mountains, as had been previously proposed. The fossil slab connection is also supported by surface wave tomographic images. The images are derived in part from a new linear broad-band array across the western part of central California.
Semigroups of Isometries of the Hyperbolic Plane
Authors: Jacques Matthew , Short Ian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Motivated by a problem on the dynamics of compositions of plane hyperbolic isometries, we prove several fundamental results on semigroups of isometries, thought of as real Möbius transformations. We define a semigroup $S$ of Möbius transformations to be semidiscrete if the identity map is not an accumulation point of $S$. We say that $S$ is inverse free if it does not contain the identity element. One of our main results states that if $S$ is a semigroup generated by some finite collection $\mathcal{F}$ of Möbius transformations, then $S$ is semidiscrete and inverse free if and only if every sequence of the form $F_n=f_1\dotsb f_n$, where $f_n\in \mathcal{F}$, converges pointwise on the upper half-plane to a point on the ideal boundary, where convergence is with respect to the chordal metric on the extended complex plane. We fully classify all two-generator semidiscrete semigroups and include a version of Jørgensen’s inequality for semigroups. We also prove theorems that have familiar counterparts in the theory of Fuchsian groups. For instance, we prove that every semigroup is one of four standard types: elementary, semidiscrete, dense in the Möbius group, or composed of transformations that fix some nontrivial subinterval of the extended real line. As a consequence of this theorem, we prove that, with certain minor exceptions, a finitely generated semigroup $S$ is semidiscrete if and only if every two-generator semigroup contained in $S$ is semidiscrete. After this we examine the relationship between the size of the “group part” of a semigroup and the intersection of its forward and backward limit sets. In particular, we prove that if $S$ is a finitely generated nonelementary semigroup, then $S$ is a group if and only if its two limit sets are equal. We finish by applying some of our methods to address an open question of Yoccoz.
Sustained Cross-reactive Antibody Responses After Human Papillomavirus Vaccinations: Up to 12 Years Follow-up in the Finnish Maternity Cohort
Authors: Kann Hanna , Lehtinen Matti , Eriksson Tiina , Surcel Heljä-Marja , Dillner Joakim , Faust Helena 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) cause several human cancers. Bivalent (Cervarix) and quadrivalent (qGardasil) HPV vaccines both contain virus-like particles of the major oncogenic HPV types 16 and 18, but also cross-protect against some nonvaccine types. However, data on long-term sustainability of the cross-reactive antibody responses to HPV vaccines are scarce.

Methods
Serum samples donated 7–12 years after immunization at age 16–17 years with bivalent (n = 730) or quadrivalent (n = 337) HPV vaccine were retrieved from the population-based Finnish Maternity Cohort biobank. Serum antibody levels against HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 68, and 73 were determined using multiplex pseudovirion binding assay. Antibody avidity was assessed using ammonium thiocyanate treatment.

Results
Seropositivity for HPV31, 33, 35, 45, 51, 52, 58, 59, 68, and 73 was increasingly common (P ≤ .001; χ 2 test for trend for each of these types) when women had high anti-HPV16 antibody levels. For 8 nonvaccine HPV types seropositivity was more common among recipients of bivalent than quadrivalent vaccine, in particular for HPV31, 35, 45, 51, 52, and 58 (P &lt; .001). Antibody avidity was higher in the quadrivalent vaccine recipients for HPV6, 11, and two of the nonvaccine types, but lower for HPV16 and 18 (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Both vaccines elicit cross-reactive antibodies detectable even 12 years after vaccination. Cross-reactive seropositivity is more common in women with high anti-HPV16 antibody response and in the bivalent vaccine recipients.
Reliability of Total Nucleated Cell Counts in the Setting of Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Pearson Lauren N , Schmidt Robert L , Cahoon Kenneth , Pelt Christopher E 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Total nucleated cell (TNC) count and differential are used to classify joint effusions as inflammatory or noninflammatory. Further diagnostic evaluation and management is contingent on this classification. TNC count can be measured by automated analyzers or by manual assessment using a hemocytometer. Studies have raised concerns regarding the accuracy of TNC counts measured by automated instruments, particularly in the setting of joint arthroplasty. The objective of this study was to determine whether metallosis, a complication of total hip arthroplasty in which metal debris accumulates in periprosthetic tissues and synovial fluid, is associated with inaccurate TNC counts in synovial fluid.

Methods
We compared the accuracy of cell counts measured by the Sysmex XN-1000 and Beckman Coulter Iris iQ200 with the gold standard of manual assessment using a hemocytometer in synovial fluid from patients with suspected metallosis and in fluid obtained from controls from patients with native joints and a history of arthroplasty for other indications.

Results
TNC counts produced by automated analyzers were associated with increased levels of discordance (relative to manual counts) in patients with metallosis. Metallosis was not associated with increased levels of discordance for RBC counts or WBC differentials. The Sysmex XN flagged all but 1 metallosis sample for manual verification of the results.

Conclusions
Automated methods are generally reliable for analysis of synovial fluid. TNC counts can be inaccurate in the context of metallosis following total hip arthroplasty. Laboratories should correlate automated cell counts with a microscopic assessment of the specimen, as recommended by instrument manufacturers.
Practical Approach in Verification of Security Systems Using Satisfiability Modulo Theories
Authors: Zbrzezny Agnieszka M , Szymoniak Sabina , Kurkowski Miroslaw 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The paper presents a novel method for the verification of security protocols’ (SPs)time properties. The new method uses a translation to satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) problem. In our approach, we model protocol users’ behaviours using networks of synchronized timed automata. Suitably specified correctness properties are defined as a reachability property of some chosen states in an automata network. Then, the network of timed automata and the property are translated to an SMT problem and checked using an SMT-solver and a BMC algorithm. We consider the most important time properties of protocol executions using specially constructed time conditions. The new method was also implemented and experimentally evaluated for six well-known SPs. We also compared our new SMT-based technique with the corresponding SAT-based approach.
One-Class-Based Intelligent Classifier for Detecting Anomalous Situations During the Anesthetic Process
Authors: Leira Alberto , Jove Esteban , Gonzalez-Cava Jose M , Casteleiro-Roca José-Luis , Quintián Héctor , Zayas-Gato Francisco , Álvarez Santiago Torres , Simić Svetlana , Méndez-Pérez Juan-Albino , Luis Calvo-Rolle José 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Closed-loop administration of propofol for the control of hypnosis in anesthesia has evidenced an outperformance when comparing it with manual administration in terms of drug consumption and post-operative recovery of patients. Unlike other systems, the success of this strategy lies on the availability of a feedback variable capable of quantifying the current hypnotic state of the patient. However, the appearance of anomalies during the anesthetic process may result in inaccurate actions of the automatic controller. These anomalies may come from the monitors, the syringe pumps, the actions of the surgeon or even from alterations in patients. This could produce adverse side effects that can affect the patient postoperative and reduce the safety of the patient in the operating room. Then, the use of anomaly detection techniques plays a significant role to avoid this undesirable situations. This work assesses different one-class intelligent techniques to detect anomalies in patients undergoing general anesthesia. Due to the difficulty of obtaining real data from anomaly situations, artificial outliers are generated to check the performance of each classifier. The final model presents successful performance.