bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biodiversity monitoring for selection of insect and spider bioindicators at local organic agricultural habitats in South Korea
Authors: Kim Hoon , Sun Yan , Kim Tae‐Yeon , Moon Myung‐Jin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInvertebrates are very sensitive to environmental changes, and some terrestrial insects and spiders can be used as invaluable bioindicators to assess the quality of agricultural fields. In order to screen specific insect indicators from local habitats in organic farming areas, we conducted long‐term monitoring for three crop years (2016–2018) in Goesan‐gun district, Chungcheongbuk‐do, South Korea. Our monitoring results clearly show that the organic agriculture had a greater effect on biodiversity than conventional agriculture both of paddy and upland fields on a regional scale. A total number of 1,138 species in 219 families and 25 orders were identified during 3 years. Among them, the number of species collected in the locations practicing organic farming was greater than the conventional farming both in the paddy fields (573 vs. 387 species) and upland fields (472 vs. 365 species). The total common species between organic and conventional fields were identified as 156 in the paddy field and 171 in the upland field, respectively. Finally, a total number of 24 (in paddy field) and 21 (in upland field) bioindicator candidate species were selected in the local habitat of the organic farming system based on our long‐term monitoring.
Association between processes of diabetes care and health care utilization in patients with diabetes: Evidence from a nationally representative US sample
Authors: Delevry Dimittri , Ho Anh , Le Quang A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined the association between quality of processes of diabetes care in terms of adherence to American Diabetes Association (ADA)‐recommended guidelines and health care utilization in patients with diabetes.MethodsAdults with diabetes were identified from the pool of five panels of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, a nationally representative US sample, between 2012 and 2017. The Diabetes Care Survey was used to determine adherence to the ADA‐recommended guidelines for processes of diabetes care if all of the following were performed annually: glycosylated hemoglobin check, foot examination, dilated eye examination, lipid panel, influenza immunization, blood pressure check, and dental examination. Health care utilization in terms of inpatient hospitalization, and emergency department (ED) and outpatient visits were estimated using two‐part hurdle models.ResultsAn estimated 26.3 million adults with diabetes were derived from the pooled 5‐panel data, of which 7.8% met the ADA‐recommended guidelines for processes of diabetes care, and adherence rates of individual recommendations were generally below 50%. Overall, adults who adhered to the ADA‐recommendations were older, non‐Hispanic white, and married nonsmokers with private insurance and higher income. Mean inpatient hospital stays, ED, and outpatient visits between ADA‐adherent vs nonadherent patients were 0.98 vs 1.62 (P < .001), 0.36 vs 0.39 (P = .074), and 17.9 vs 12.8 (P < .001), respectively.ConclusionsSocioeconomic disadvantage and minority status were linked with nonadherence to the ADA‐recommended processes of diabetes care. Adherence to the ADA recommendation was associated with significant reduction in inpatient hospitalization and a trend toward less ED visits. Our findings may apply to the United States and are likely to be different in other parts of the world.
Long non‐coding RNA CASC8 polymorphisms are associated with the risk of esophageal cancer in a Chinese population
Authors: Sang Yonghua , Gu Haiyong , Chen Yongbing , Shi Yijun , Liu Chao , Lv Lu , Sun Yifeng , Zhang Yongsheng 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundEsophageal cancer (EC) is an important disease that threatens public health and safety. Although there are numerous treatment options for esophageal cancer including surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, these treatments have limited effects. Its morbidity and mortality vary widely among countries and regions. Esophageal cancer is classified into squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esopheageal adenocarcinoma (EADC). Here, we examined the genetic susceptibility to ESCC in relation to functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) CASC8.MethodsTo detect the susceptibility to ESCC in relation to functional polymorphisms in CASC8, a hypothesis‐driven study was performed to identify CASC8 SNPs in 949 patients with ESCC and 1369 control subjects.ResultsThe CASC8 rs1562430 GG genotype was significantly associated with increased ESCC risk in men, patients younger than 63 years, non‐smokers, and nondrinkers.ConclusionsCASC8 rs1562430 A > G may cause susceptibility to ESCC and CASC8 SNPs may play a vital role in ESCC risk, thereby serving as a potential biomarker for diagnosing ESCC. A larger sample size and multifactor information are needed to confirm these results.
Potential monoamine oxidase A inhibitor suppressing paclitaxel‐resistant non‐small cell lung cancer metastasis and growth
Authors: Yang Xiaoguang , Zhao Dongxue , Li Yanfeng , Li Yanyu , Cui Wei , Li Yuxin , Li Han , Li Xinyu , Wang Dun 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundHigh expression of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is related to epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the development of clinicopathological features of NSCLC. Nevertheless, the role of MAOA in drug resistance still remains unclear. Hence, the aim of this article was to evaluate a previously synthesized MAOA inhibitor (G11) on inhibiting paclitaxel‐resistant NSCLC metastasis and growth.MethodsFirst, MAOA expression level was evaluated in several NSCLC cell lines. An MTT assay was used to validate the inhibitory effect of G11 on NSCLC cells in vitro. Second, gene expression in G11‐treated H460/PTX cells was analyzed by microarray gene expression. Third, transwell assay was performed to assess the invasion and metastasis of G11‐treated A549/PTX and H460/PTX cells and western blot assay used to analyze vital protein expression level in G11‐treated H460/PTX cells. Finally, the antimetastatic effect of G11 was tested in an NSCLC in vivo model.ResultsOur data revealed that G11 significantly inhibited the viability of paclitaxel (PTX)‐resistant NSCLC cell lines (A549/PTX and H460/PTX). G11 dramatically reduced the expression of MAOA in A549/PTX and H460/PTX cells, which exhibited relatively high MAOA expression levels. Additionally, G11 was found to hinder A549/PTX and H460/PTX cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, the in vivo study indicated that the coadministration of G11 and paclitaxel significantly suppressed tumor metastasis in H460/PTX lung metastasis models.ConclusionsThese findings indicated G11 showed a moderate inhibitory effect on paclitaxel‐resistant NSCLC metastasis and growth, and support further investigation on MAOA potentially as a promising therapeutic target for paclitaxel‐resistant NSCLC treatment.Key pointsSignificant findings of the study
Inhibition of MAOA might contribute to the suppression of metastasis and growth in PTX‐resistant NSCLC cells.
What this study adds
This study explored the potential function of MAOA in drug‐resistant NSCLC and might consider MAOA as a promising target for the treatment of drug‐resistant NSCLC.
Challenges of caring for the aged: Attracting and retaining aged care assistants in Western Australia
Authors: Dhakal Subas P. , Nankervis Alan , Connell Julia , Burgess John 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo report on the attraction and retention challenges concerning Aged Care Assistants (ACAs) in the state of Western Australia (WA) and to identify the related specific ‘push‐and‐pull’ factors.MethodsA self‐administered survey resulted in a 20.2% response rate (79/391) from nine WA residential aged care facilities. The key purpose of the survey was to explore the reasons why ACAs might remain in their jobs or leave for other occupations. The χ2 test was employed to determine statistically significant associationsbetween intention to stay in the job and each of the independent variables.ResultsThose who were younger, casually employed and working in urban areas were more likely than their counterparts to state their intention to leave their workplace in the next year.ConclusionIn line with the national emphasis on the attraction and retention of ACAs, the findings reported here have the potential to inform future strategies in residential aged care facilities in WA.
Screening and treating pre‐operative anaemia and suboptimal iron stores in elective colorectal surgery: a cost effectiveness analysis
Authors: Trentino K. M. , Mace H. S. , Symons K. , Sanfilippo F. M. , Leahy M. F. , Farmer S. L. , Hofmann A. , Watts R. D. , Wallace M. H. , Murray K. 
Published: September 2020

SummaryOur study investigated whether pre‐operative screening and treatment for anaemia and suboptimal iron stores in a patient blood management clinic is cost effective. We used outcome data from a retrospective cohort study comparing colorectal surgery patients admitted pre‐ and post‐implementation of a pre‐operative screening programme. We applied propensity score weighting techniques with multivariable regression models to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics between groups. Episode‐level hospitalisation costs were sourced from the health service clinical costing data system; the economic evaluation was conducted from a Western Australia Health System perspective. The primary outcome measure was the incremental cost per unit of red cell transfusion avoided. We compared 441 patients screened in the pre‐operative anaemia programme with 239 patients not screened; of the patients screened, 180 (40.8%) received intravenous iron for anaemia and suboptimal iron stores. The estimated mean cost of screening and treating pre‐operative anaemia was AU$332 (£183; US$231; €204) per screened patient. In the propensity score weighted analysis, screened patients were transfused 52% less red cell units when compared with those not screened (rate ratio = 0.48, 95%CI 0.36–0.63, p < 0.001). The mean difference in total screening, treatment and hospitalisation cost between groups was AU$3776 lower in the group screened (£2080; US$2629; €2325) (95%CI AU$1604–5947, p < 0.001). Screening elective patients pre‐operatively for anaemia and suboptimal iron stores reduced the number of red cell units transfused. It also resulted in lower total costs than not screening patients, thus demonstrating cost effectiveness.
A case of esophageal cancer with an aberrant right subclavian artery treated with mediastinoscopic esophagectomy
Authors: Hashimoto Masashi , Shirakawa Yasuhiro , Maeda Naoaki , Tanabe Shunsuke , Sakurama Kazufumi , Noma Kazuhiro , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAn aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is one of the famous anatomical abnormalities with a prevalence of 0.16–4.4%. In esophagectomy, anatomical abnormalities of the ARSA could cause complications with some surgical procedures. An 85‐year old man was referred to our department for esophageal adenocarcinoma that was at a slightly high position for esophagectomy with the abdominal approach. However, he had a significant past medical history. This risk factor made it difficult to perform thoracoscopic esophagectomy. He underwent mediastinoscopic esophagectomy (ME) with the left cervical and laparoscopic approach. The ARSA presented no difficulties with the ME surgical technique including the dissection of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node. Although this patient had a respiratory dysfunction and some difficulties in a prone position, ME enabled a safe esophagectomy with lymph node dissection.
Phylogenetic and ecological correlates of pollen morphological diversity in a Neotropical rainforest
Authors: Mander Luke , Parins‐Fukuchi Caroline , Dick Christopher W. , Punyasena Surangi W. , Jaramillo Carlos 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMorphology varies enormously across clades, and the morphology of a trait may reflect ecological function or the retention of ancestral features. We examine the tension between ecological and phylogenetic correlates of morphological diversity through a case study of pollen grains produced by angiosperms in Barro Colorado Island, Panama (BCI). Using a molecular phylogeny of 730 taxa, we demonstrate a statistically significant association between morphological and genetic distance for these plants. However, the relationship is non‐linear, and while close relatives share more morphological features than distant relatives, above a genetic distance of ~ 0.7 increasingly distant relatives are not more divergent in phenotype. The pollen grains of biotically pollinated and abiotically pollinated plants overlap in morphological space, but certain pollen morphotypes and individual morphological traits are unique to these pollination ecologies. Our data show that the pollen grains of biotically pollinated plants are significantly more morphologically diverse than those of abiotically pollinated plants.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Complex roles of the actin‐binding protein Girdin/GIV in DNA damage‐induced apoptosis of cancer cells
Authors: Chen Chen , Enomoto Atsushi , Weng Liang , Taki Tetsuro , Shiraki Yukihiro , Mii Shinji , Ichihara Ryosuke , Kanda Mitsuro , Koike Masahiko , Kodera Yasuhiro , Takahashi Masahide 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe actin‐binding protein Girdin is a hub protein that interacts with multiple proteins to regulate motility and Akt and trimeric G protein signaling in cancer cells. Girdin expression correlates with poor outcomes in multiple human cancers. However, those findings are not universal, as they depend on study conditions. Those data suggest that multiple aspects of Girdin function and its role in tumor cell responses to anticancer therapeutics must be reconsidered. In the present study, we found that Girdin is involved in DNA damage‐induced cancer cell apoptosis. An esophageal cancer cell line that exhibited high Girdin expression showed a marked sensitivity to UV‐mediated DNA damage compared to a line with low Girdin expression. When transcriptional activation of endogenous Girdin was mediated by an engineered CRISPR/Cas9 activation system, sensitivity to DNA damage increased in both stationary and migrating HeLa cancer cells. High Girdin expression was associated with dysregulated cell cycle progression and prolonged G1 and M phases. These features were accompanied by p53 activation, which conceivably increases cancer cell vulnerability to UV exposure. These data highlight the importance of understanding complex Girdin functions that influence cancer cell sensitivity to therapeutics.
Impact of fully or partially guided surgery on the position of single implants immediately placed in maxillary incisor sockets: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Kraft Bruno , Frizzera Fausto , de Freitas Rubens Moreno , de Oliveira Guilherme José Lopes Pimentel , Marcantonio Junior Elcio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to compare the deviation of the implant position after placement in single maxillary incisor post‐extraction sockets between fully and partially guided surgery.Materials and methodsTwenty‐four patients with a failing maxillary incisor were randomly allocated into two groups: the partially guided surgery (PGS, n = 12) group or fully guided surgery (FGS, n = 12) group. Clinical analyses, intra‐oral scans, and computed tomography scans (CT) were initially performed to define the virtual positioning of the implants and fabrication of the 3D printed surgical guides. A narrow, 3.5 × 16 mm implant was placed in each socket. In this moment, the insertion torque (IT) was assessed and resonance frequency analysis (RFA) was performed. All patients received an immediate provisional without occlusal contacts. Another CT scan was performed after the procedures to compare the implant position with the virtually planned position.ResultsSignificant deviations occurred at the implant apex, according to the global and facial‐palatal analyses, in comparison to its cervical position. The PGS group also presented a larger deviation in the MD position. No statistical differences between the groups were detected, however, there was a tendency of lower angular deviation in the PGS group.ConclusionsWhile there was a slight deviation from the virtually planned position of the implant to the actual position and a tendency of lower angular deviation in the PGS group, there was no difference among groups regarding its position and primary stability. (UNT: 1111–1214‐2812 ‐ http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-4tmcrk/).
Bone formation around unstable implants is enhanced by a WNT protein therapeutic in a preclinical in vivo model
Authors: Coyac Benjamin R. , Leahy Brian , Li Zhijun , Salvi Giuseppe , Yin Xing , Brunski John B. , Helms Jill A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesOur objective was to test the hypothesis that local delivery of a WNT protein therapeutic would support osseointegration of an unstable implant placed into an oversized osteotomy and subjected to functional loading.Materials and methodsUsing a split‐mouth design in an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model, 50 titanium implants were placed in oversized osteotomies. Implants were subjected to functional loading. One‐half of the implants were treated with a liposomal formulation of WNT3A protein (L‐WNT3A); the other half received an identical liposomal formulation containing phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS). Finite element modeling estimated peri‐implant strains caused by functional loading. Histological, molecular, cellular, and quantitative micro‐computed tomographic (µCT) imaging analyses were performed on samples from post‐implant days (PID) 3, 7, and 14. Lateral implant stability was quantified at PID 7 and 14.ResultsFinite element analyses predicted levels of peri‐implant strains incompatible with new bone formation. Micro‐CT imaging, histological, and quantitative immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses confirmed that PBS‐treated implants underwent fibrous encapsulation. In those cases where the peri‐implant environment was treated with L‐WNT3A, µCT imaging, histological, and quantitative IHC analyses demonstrated a significant increase in expression of proliferative (PCNA) and osteogenic (Runx2, Osterix) markers. One week after L‐WNT3A treatment, new bone formation was evident, and two weeks later, L‐WNT3A‐treated gaps had a stiffer interface compared to PBS‐treated gaps.ConclusionIn a rat model, unstable implants undergo fibrous encapsulation. If the same unstable implants are treated with L‐WNT3A at the time of placement, then it results in significantly more peri‐implant bone and greater interfacial stiffness.
Obesity is common in chronic kidney disease and associates with greater antihypertensive usage and proteinuria: evidence from a cross‐sectional study in a tertiary nephrology centre
Authors: Martin William P. , Bauer Jessica , Coleman John , Dellatorre‐Teixeira Ludmilla , Reeve Janice L.V. , Twomey Patrick J. , Docherty Neil G. , O'Riordan Aisling , Watson Alan J. , le Roux Carel W. , Holian John 
Published: September 2020

SummaryObesity is a treatable risk factor for chronic kidney disease progression. We audited the reporting of body‐mass index in nephrology outpatient clinics to establish the characteristics of individuals with obesity in nephrology practice. Body‐mass index, clinical information and biochemical measures were recorded for patients attending clinics between 3rd August, 2018 and 18th January, 2019. Inferential statistics and Pearson correlations were used to investigate relationships between body‐mass index, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and proteinuria. Mean ± SD BMI was 28.6 ± 5.8 kg/m2 (n = 374). Overweight and obesity class 1 were more common in males (P = .02). Amongst n = 123 individuals with obesity and chronic kidney disease, mean ± SD age, n (%) female and median[IQR] eGFR were 64.1 ± 14.2 years, 52 (42.3%) and 29.0[20.5] mL/min/BSA, respectively. A positive correlation between increasing body‐mass index and proteinuria was observed in such patients (r = 0.21, P = .03), which was stronger in males and those with CKD stages 4 and 5. Mean body‐mass index was 2.3 kg/m2 higher in those treated with 4‐5 versus 0‐1 antihypertensives (P = .03). Amongst n = 59 patients with obesity, chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes, 2 (3.5%) and 0 (0%) were prescribed a GLP‐1 receptor analogue and SGLT2‐inhibitor, respectively. Our data provides a strong rationale not only for measuring body‐mass index but also for acting on the information in nephrology practice, although prospective studies are required to guide treatment decisions in people with obesity and chronic kidney disease.
Are pangolins scapegoats of the COVID‐19 outbreak‐CoV transmission and pathology evidence?
Authors: Choo Siew Woh , Zhou Jinfeng , Tian Xuechen , Zhang Siyuan , Qiang Shen , O'Brien Stephen J. , Tan Ka Yun , Platto Sara , Koepfli Klaus‐Peter , Antunes Agostinho , Sitam Frankie Thomas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 outbreak has infected over 6 million people across the world. The origin of COVID‐19 coronavirus (CoV) remains unknown, although pangolins have been suggested as potential hosts. We investigated two pangolins seized in Guangdong Province, China. Molecular screening revealed CoV in one pangolin (“Dahu”), while another (“Meidong”) was infected by Ehrlichia ruminantium. Dahu exhibited difficulty breathing, infections of lung, intestines, and nostrils, as revealed by computed tomography imaging and necropsy. Previous phylogenetic analyses showed bat coronavirus RaTG13 is closer to COVID‐19 CoV compared to pangolin coronavirus. Over 20 caregivers have had close physical contact with CoV‐positive Dahu, but none became infected with CoV. Our data suggest that pangolins are unlikely the natural reservoir or secondary hosts of COVID‐19 CoV. Pangolins seems to be victims infected by CoV carried by a not yet unidentified natural reservoir host species, perhaps due to their weakened immune system.
Community management yields positive impacts for coastal fisheries resources and biodiversity conservation
Authors: Smallhorn‐West Patrick F. , Stone Karen , Ceccarelli Daniela M. , Malimali Siola'a , Halafihi Tu'ikolongahau , Bridge Tom C. L. , Pressey Robert L. , Jones Geoffrey P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCombining no‐take marine reserves with exclusive access by communities to unreserved waters could provide the required incentives for community management to achieve positive impacts. However, few protected areas have been critically evaluated for their impact, which involves applying counterfactual thinking to predict conditions within protected areas if management had never occurred. Here, we use statistical matching to conduct a rigorous impact evaluation of dual management systems on coral reef fishes in Tonga, with communities having both full no‐take areas and areas of exclusive fishing rights. No‐take areas generally had positive impacts on the species richness, biomass, density, and size of target reef fish, while exclusive access areas were similar to predicted counterfactual conditions. The latter is likely because overall fishing pressure in exclusive access areas might not actually change, although more fish could be exploited by communities with access rights. Our findings suggest that dual management is effective at incentivizing effective community‐based no‐take areas for biodiversity conservation and resource management.