bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in the Prevalence and Incidence of Anxiety and Depression in Adult Population in Iran: Findings from Kerman Coronary Artery Diseases Risk factors Study (KERCADRS)
Authors: Najafipour Hamid , Shahrokhabadi Mohadeseh Shojaei , Banivaheb Ghodsyeh , Sabahi Abdolreza , Shadkam Mitra , Mirzazadeh Ali 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Anxiety and depression (A&D) are very common disorders and among the important causes of morbidity. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and the incidence rate of these mental disorders and their relationship with socio-demographic and coronary artery disease risk factors in the adult population in southeastern Iran.Method: In a population based cohort study (KERCADRS phase2), the prevalence and five-year incidence rate of A&D and associated variables were studied on 9996 adults, 2820 of whom had also participated in phase1 of the study.Results: The prevalence for A&D was 41.6% (30.6% men, 48.9% women) and 16.0% (10.0% men, 19.9% women), respectively. The prevalence of A&D showed a decreasing trend with increase of education and age. The highest prevalence of A&D was observed among the unemployed, smokers, and opium users. The chance of having A&D symptoms also significantly increased in young people, the female gender, divorced or widowed women, obese individuals, and those with low physical activity (LPA). In phase2, A&D were significantly lower than they were in phase1 in all age groups and in both genders. The five-year incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) was 30.7 for anxiety and 9.8 for depression.Conclusion: Although there are some promising signs of reduction in the prevalence of A&D symptoms in the last five years, their higher prevalence in young people and females, along with their association with unemployment, smoking, opium use, LPA and obesity means that more effective interventions and strategies are needed to reduce the deleterious consequences of these disorders.
UBA2 Activates Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway during Protection of R28 Retinal Precursor Cells from Hypoxia by Extracellular Vesicles derived from Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Koh Kyungmin , Park Mira , Bae Eun Soo , Duong Van-An , Park Jong-Moon , Lee Hookeun , Lew Helen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Stem cell transplantation has been proposed as an alternative treatment for intractable optic nerve disorders characterized by irrecoverable loss of cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with varying tissue regeneration and recovery capabilities, are being considered for potential cell therapies. To overcome the limitations of cell therapy, we isolated exosomes from human placenta–derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs), and investigated their therapeutic effects in R28 cells (retinal precursor cells) exposed to CoCl2 . Method: We investigated recovery effects of exosomes in vitro damaged cells. We exposed R28 cells to CoCl2. After 9 h, the hypoxia-damaged R28 cells were treated with hPMSC-derived exosomes. We examined the changes in the target proteins of R28 cells and performed proteomic analysis using R28 cells. Result: Upon this exosome treatment of R28 cells damaged by a hypoxic environment, the expression of Hif-1α protein (which increased after CoCl2 exposure) significantly decreased, whereas that of nerve regeneration–related factors such as Thy-1 and Neuroflament (which decreased after CoCl2 exposure) significantly increased. Proteomic analysis was used to analyze the expression of candidate target proteins such as UBA2 and catenin, which showed significant changes in expression during the recovery period in the damaged cell group. Conclusion: In this study, we discovered that UBA2 played a key role in activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway during the recovery process of damaged R28 cells, induced by hPMSC exosomes.
Evaluate four different ways in diagnosing tooth cracks
Authors: He Ying , Feng Qiong , Jiang Qianzhou , Zhang Wenjuan , Yang Xuechao , Chen Zhi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate four different ways in diagnosing tooth cracks, which may provide certain theoretical bases for early diagnosis of cracks. Methods 123 freshly extracted human teeth were collected in the Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Three observers examined the cracks of the crowns with naked eye, microscope, methylene blue dye, and methylene blue dye with magnification microscopic examination methods independently. Two criteria (crack lines appeared in enamel and dentin) were used to diagnose teeth cracks, and statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS and MedCalc statistical software. Kendall's W was conducted to assess the agreement among the three observers in each detection method. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and the area under the curve (AUC) drawn in terms of sensitivity and (1-specificity) were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic value of four different methods. Results 3 teeth were excluded because of the visual fatigue of the observer, and there were 120 teeth left. The method of methylene blue plus microscope had the lowest value of Kendall's W in criterion 1 and 2. The overall AUC values were more than 0.7 in both the microscopic and methylene blue plus microscopic method according to criterion 1 and 2, and in the method of naked-eye according to criterion 2. The pairwise comparison between A, B and C had statistical difference in the method of naked-eye, microscope and methylene blue plus microscope in criterion 2 ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Detecting tooth crack with the method of methylene blue plus microscope have a higher consistency among different experienced endodontists. Microscope and methylene blue dye with magnification microscopic examination were effective methods to diagnosis tooth crack. More cracks can be detected by experienced endodontists, and the difference persisted even with the use of microscopes or methylene blue dye.
The impact of the fipronil crisis on the financial performance of Dutch laying hen farms
Authors: Sok Jaap , Horne Peter van , Meuwissen Miranda 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Illegal use of fipronil as an insecticide in 2017 has caused substantial damage to Dutch laying hen farms. We assessed how the Fipronil crisis has affected the financial performance of affected farms as well as unaffected farms. While affected farms faced culling of their flock and lost revenues, unaffected farms benefitted from temporary high egg prices. Methods: A three-step normative modelling approach is taken using two financial statements. First, a baseline was created by making up an income statement of a laying hen farm representing a ‘normal year’ Second, changes in farm income as a result of the fipronil crisis were estimated using a partial budget. Third, two additional income statements were created; one reports the income of an unaffected farm, the other of an affected farm. Estimations are for a 50 000 laying hen farm facing the fipronil crisis for five months.Results: While in a normal year this average-sized farm has a net operating result of around 18 kEuro, profitability was estimated to be -369 kEuro and +169 kEuro for the affected and unaffected farms due to the crisis respectively. For affected farms impacts were especially high as there was no government compensation or insurance. Conclusions: As Dutch farms typically operate as independent family farms, there was no compensation from other chain actors such as contract providers or integrators either. The affected farms therefore likely have faced financial distress and have had to increase debt or use their financial reserves for household consumption and restarting the farm. Outcomes contribute to discussions around liability claims and cost-benefit assessments of measures to improve chain food safety and rapid alert systems.
IPSE, a Urogenital Parasite-Derived Immunomodulatory Molecule, Suppresses Bladder Pathogenesis and Anti-Microbial Peptide Gene Expression in Bacterial Urinary Tract Co-Infection
Authors: Mbanefo Evaristus C. , Le Loc , Pennington Luke F. , Hsieh Yi-Ju , Odegaard Justin I. , Lapira Kristina , Jardetzky Theodore S. , Falcone Franco H. , Hsieh Michael 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Parasitic infections can increase susceptibility to bacterial co-infections. This may be true for urogenital schistosomiasis and bacterial urinary tract co-infections (UTI). We previously reported that this co-infection is facilitated by S. haematobium eggs triggering interleukin-4 (IL-4) production and sought to dissect the underlying mechanisms. The interleukin-4 inducing principle from Schistosoma mansoni eggs (IPSE) is one of the most abundant schistosome egg-secreted proteins and binds to IgE on the surface of basophils and mast cells to trigger IL-4 release. IPSE can also translocate into host nuclei using a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) to modulate host transcription. We hypothesized that IPSE is the factor responsible for the ability of S. haematobium eggs to worsen UTI pathogenesis. Methods: Mice were intravenously administered a single 25 μg dose of recombinant S. haematobium-derived IPSE, an NLS mutant of IPSE or PBS. Following IPSE exposure, mice were serially weighed, and organs analyzed by histology to assess for toxicity. Twenty-four hours after IPSE administration, mice were challenged with the uropathogenic E. coli strain UTI89 by urethral catheterization. Bacterial cfu were measured using urine. Bladders were examined histologically for UTI-triggered pathogenesis and by PCR for antimicrobial peptide expression.Results: Unexpectedly, IPSE administration did not result in significant differences in urine bacterial CFU. However, IPSE administration did lead to a significant reduction in UTI-induced bladder pathogenesis and the expression of anti-microbial peptides in the bladder. Despite the profound effect of IPSE on UTI-triggered bladder pathogenesis and anti-microbial peptide production, mice did not demonstrate systemic ill effects from IPSE exposure.Conclusions: Our data show that IPSE may play a major role in S. haematobium-associated urinary tract co-infection, albeit in an unexpected fashion. These findings also indicate that IPSE either works in concert with other IL-4-inducing factors to increase susceptibility of S. haematobium-infected hosts to bacterial co-infection, or does not contribute to enhancing vulnerability to this co-infection.
Quantitative and Qualitative Characterization of Plant Endo-bacteriome by Plant Dna-free Sequencing Method
Authors: Zhang Lili , Chen Liying , Zhang Mengting , Liu Da , Sun Hongbo , Wu Jianxiang , Huo Yan , Chen Xiaoying , Fang Rongxiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Plant endophytic bacteria colonize plants’ internal tissues and interact with plants more closely than do epiphytic or environmental bacteria. However, the community structure of such endophytic bacteria could not be efficiently deciphered, and the microbiota abundance could not be quantified through absolute quantification. Application of 16S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize the plant endophytic community is greatly hindered by the high sequence identities among bacterial 16S rRNA, plant mitochondrial 18S rRNA and chloroplast 16S rRNA genes. This makes it difficult to identify bacterial sequences among total DNAs extracted from plant material.Results: We designed PCR primer sets that are able to specifically amplify bacterial DNAs, even when there are very few bacteria colonizing the plant material. We computationally and experimentally evaluated the specificity, coverage, and accuracy of the newly designed primer sets (322F/796R and 799F/1107R) and two widely used primer sets (338F/806R and 799F/1193R). When applied to a same planting-soil community through next generation sequencing (NGS), the four different primer sets revealed similar high-abundant taxa composition with variation in taxa abundance. Primer sets amplifying the same 16S variable regions generated more comparable sequencing results. When applied to a rice endo-bacteriome, both 799F/1107R and modified 322F-Dr/796Rs (Primer pair 322F/796R with a penultimate-base substitution in 322F) produced plant DNA-free bacterial amplicon libraries. Primer 322F-A/796R was then used through NGS to decipher the rice endo-bacteriomes. The rice root and leaf endo-bacteriomes shared 66.36% OTU identity but enriched different bacterial species. Within the same host genotype and soil type, the root endo-bacteriome was more stable than the leaf endo-bacteriome across individual plants. 322F-A/796R was used through absolute quantitative PCR to quantitate the population size of leaf or root endophytes, which revealed 106–107 and 109–1010 bacteria per gram fresh weight, respectively.Conclusions: This is the first study to develop plant DNA-free bacterial 16S amplification methods. The newly designed primer sets combined with NGS deciphered the rice endo-bacteriome structure, and absolute quantitative PCR quantitated the size of the endobacterial population. The protocols developed here are suitable for various plants, will significantly advance studies on plant endo-bacteriomes.
WITHDRAWN: The Effect of Modification of Technology Monitoring on Relationship Between Corporate Governance, Credit Monitoring, and Npl
Authors: Purnama Maswar , Suhadak  , Mangesti Sri , Damayanti Cacik Rut 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to examine whether there is a moderation effect of Technology Monitoring in the relationship between Corporate Governance and Credit Monitoring variables on the drivers of NPL.Design/Method: This research is a quantitative research. The data in this study are a combination of primary data obtained through questionnaires and also secondary data obtained from bank credit portfolios. The research took place at the Micro Branch Office of Bank Mandiri in Central Java Region with the head of the branch office as a sample in this study. The sampling technique used is Judgment Sampling and data analysis using SEM.Findings: The results showed that Corporate Governance had a positive and significant effect on Credit Monitoring, Corporate Governance had a negative and significant effect on NPL, Credit Monitoring had a negative and significant effect on NPL Technology Monitoring had a positive and not significant effect in moderating the relationship between Corporate Governance on NPL and the influence of Technology Monitoring a positive and significant effect in moderating the relationship between Credit Monitoring for NPL.Originality: The originality of this research lies in testing the effect of Corporate Governance and Credit Monitoring on Non-Performing Loans with the updating of Technology Monitoring as a moderating variable.
&nbsp;Risk factors for mortality in patients over 70 years old with COVID-19
Authors: Zhu Xu , Yuan Wenzheng , Shao Junwei , Huang Kesheng , Wang Qingbo , Yao Shuang , Lu Wei , Liu Li , Fu Tao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Elderly patients with COVID-19 were shown to have a high case-fatality rate. We aimed to explore the risk factors associated with death in patients over 70 years old (yo).Methods: In this retrospective study, we enrolled patients over 70 yo with COVID-19 between January 20 and February 15, 2020. Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical data were collected. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression methods were used to explore the risk factors.Results: A total of 147 patients were enrolled. The case-fatality rate was 28.6%. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression showed that clinical subtypes including the severe type (HR = 2.983, 95% CI: 1.231–7.226, P = 0.016) and the critical type (HR = 3.267, 95%CI: 1.009–10.576, P = 0.048) were associated with increasing risk of death when compared with the general type. Blood urea nitrogen greater than 9.5 mmol/L (HR = 2.805, 95% CI: 1.141–6.892, P = 0.025) on admission was an independent risk factor for death among laboratory findings.Conclusion: The patients over 70 yo with COVID-19 had a high case-fatality rate. The risk factors including clinical subtypes and blood urea nitrogen greater than 9.5 mmol/L could help physicians to identify elderly patients with poor clinical outcomes at an early stage.
WITHDRAWN: What is the clinical course of patients hospitalised for COVID-19 treatment Ireland: a retrospective cohort study in Dublin’s North Inner City (the ‘Mater 100’)
Authors: O’Kelly* Brendan , Cronin* Colm , Connolly* Stephen Peter , Cullen Walter , Avramovic Gordana , McHugh Tina , O’Connor Eileen , Cotter Aoife , Doran Peter , McGinty Tara , O’Callaghan Dermot , Gaine Sean , Sheehan Gerard , Brazil Eamonn , Marsh Brian , Lambert John S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Since March 2020, Ireland has experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To date, while several cohorts from China have been described, our understanding is limited, with no data describing the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 in Ireland. To improve our understanding of the clinical characteristics of this emerging infection we carried out a retrospective review of patient data to examine the clinical characteristics of patients admitted for COVID-19 hospital treatment.Methods: Demographic, clinical and laboratory data on the first 100 adult patients admitted to Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (MMUH) for in-patient COVID-19 treatment after onset of the outbreak in March 2020 was extracted from clinical and administrative records. Missing data were excluded from the analysis.Results: Fifty-eight per cent were male, 63% were Irish nationals, 29% were GMS eligible, and median age was 45 years (interquartile range [IQR] =34-64 years). Patients had symptoms for a median of five days before diagnosis (IQR=2.5-7 days), most commonly cough (72%), fever (65%), dyspnoea (37%), fatigue (28%), myalgia (27%) and headache (24%). Of all cases, 54 had at least one pre-existing chronic illness (most commonly hypertension, diabetes mellitus or asthma). At initial assessment, the most common abnormal findings were: C-reactive protein >7.0mg/L (74%), ferritin >247μg/L (women) or >275μg/L (men) (62%), D-dimer >0.5μg/dL (62%), chest imaging (59%), NEWS Score (modified) of ≥3 (55%) and heart rate >90/min (51%). Twenty-seven required supplemental oxygen, of which 17 were admitted to the intensive care unit - 14 requiring ventilation. Forty received antiviral treatment (most commonly hydroxychloroquine or lopinavir/ritonavir). Four died, 17 were admitted to intensive care, and 74 were discharged home, with nine days the median hospital stay (IQR=6-11).Conclusion: Our findings reinforce the emerging consensus of COVID-19 as an acute life-threatening disease and highlights, the importance of laboratory (ferritin, C-reactive protein, D-dimer) and radiological parameters, in addition to clinical parameters. Further cohort studies involving larger samples followed longitudinally are a priority.
Long noncoding RNA H19 regulates the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells in rats with severe acute pancreatitis by sponging miR-138-5p and miR-141-3p
Authors: Song Guodong , Zhou Jia , Song Ruimei , Liu Dalu , Yu Weidi , Xie Wangcheng , Ma Zhilong , Gong Jian , Meng Hongbo , Yang Tingsong , Song Zhenshun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), which is characterized by high morbidity and mortality, account for an increasing medical burden worldwide. We previously found that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could attenuate SAP and that expression of long noncoding RNA H19 (LncRNA H19) was upregulated in rats receiving MSCs. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms of LncRNA H19 regulating the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in the alleviation of SAP.Methods: MSCs transfected with LncRNA H19 overexpression and knock down plasmids were intravenously injected into rats 12 h after sodium taurocholate (NaT) administration to induce SAP.Results: Overexpressing LncRNA H19 in MSCs significantly enhanced the anti-inflammatory capacity of the MSCs, inhibited autophagy via promotion of focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-associated pathways, and facilitated cell proliferation by increasing the level of β-catenin in rats with SAP. LncRNA H19 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA by sponging miR-138-5p and miR-141-3p. Knocking down miR-138-5p in MSCs increased the expression of protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2, encoding FAK) to suppress autophagy, while downregulating miR-141-3p enhanced the level of β-catenin to promote cell proliferation.Conclusions: In conclusion, LncRNA H19 effectively increased the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in rats with SAP via the miR-138-5p/PTK2/FAK and miR-141-3p/β-catenin pathways.
Dynamic Properties of a Hydraulic Servo Actuator Flexibly Connected to a Load Mass Excited by Cyclic Force
Authors: Dindorf Ryszard , Wos Piotr 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The study deals with the dynamic properties of a hydraulic servo actuator (HSA) with flexible mounting connections. This problem is considered in two cases: firstly, in the flexible (or non-rigid) mounting connection of the barrel and piston rod of a hydraulic actuator, and secondly, in the vibration isolation of a hydraulic actuator loaded with cyclic force. The difficult and complex dynamic problem of an HSA flexibly connected to a load mass excited by the impact force generated by a rock breaker was primarily analysed. The solution of a new design of the 3-DoF hydraulic boom manipulator used to move a medium-sized hydraulic rock breaker was presented. The HSA is rigidly mounted to the mother boom, and the piston rod is flexibly connected to the inner boom via a spring-damping device (SDD), which, in this case, serves as a vibration isolator. Simulation tests based on the HSA mathematical model enabled comparison of the dynamic responses of the hydraulic actuator rigidly connected and flexibly connected via an SDD to a load mass excited by the constant and impact force generated by a rock breaker. The experimental studies on the test stand focused on HSA adaptive positioning control. The main task was to adapt the adaptive position controller to the identified HSA loaded with excitation force (impact force). The simulation and experimental tests carried out are important for assessing dynamic properties and designing the position controller of an HSA subjected to cyclic impact forces. The presented results are also important for the development of guidelines for the safe operation of various large-scale heavy hydraulic machines under vibration loads.