bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les techniques d’evaluation génétique des bovins laitiers
Authors: DUCROCQ V. 
Published: August 2020

Les méthodes statistiques utilisées au cours des 50 dernières années pour l’évaluation génétique des taureaux et des vaches laitières sont présentées en insistant sur les raisons ayant motivé leur développement, puis leur abandon. La théorie classique des index de sélection appliquée aux données de base telles que les écarts des performances des vaches à leurs contemporaines d’étable est devenue obsolète car la correction des effets du milieu était imparfaite et le progrès génétique sous-jacent n’était pas pris en compte. La meilleure prédiction linéaire non biaisée (BLUP) permet une évaluation simultanée des effets génétiques et du milieu. Appliquée initialement à des modèles simples pour l’estimation des taureaux (modèles père ou père-grand-père), elle est maintenant de plus en plus utilisée avec un « modèle animal », qui permet l’évaluation conjointe des mâles et des femelles. Certaines propriétés intéressantes sont alors respectées. D’autres aspects, tels que la modélisation des performances, la prise en compte de plusieurs lactations et les difficultés de calcul des index sont également abordés.
Comparaison de pondeuses mi-lourdes naines (dw) ou normales avec deux aliments de taux protéique et énergétique différents
Authors: COQUERELLE G. , MÉRAT P. , BOITARD M. , NOE J.P. 
Published: August 2020

Cent vingt huit poules provenant d’une population de type oeuf brun mi-lourde, les unes de taille normale (Dw+), les autres naines (dw) ont été réparties à 16 semaines en cages individuelles. Chaque génotype a été réparti en deux groupes, alimentés l’un avec un régime à 15,7 % de protéines totales et 2650 kcal EM/kg, l’autre à 17,6 % de protéines totales et 2750 kcal EM/kg. Les performances de ponte jusqu’à l’âge de 43 semaines ont été légèrement plus faibles pour le génotype dw : de l’ordre de 5 % pour le nombre d’oeufs, 6-7 % pour le poids moyen des oeufs. L’indice de consommation a été plus faible pour le génotype dw, de respectivement 20 % et 14 % aux âges de 27 et 41 semaines. Le poids corporel a augmenté davantage (avec le régime 1) et le poids des oeufs relativement moins avec l’âge, pour les poules Dw+ que pour les poules dw. En fin de contrôle, les poules à plumage détérioré ont été moins fréquentes parmi les naines que parmi les normales. L’aliment le moins riche a eu tendance à augmenter la consommation, le poids corporel et le nombre d’oeufs de façon plus marquée pour les poules normales que pour les naines. Les jours de « pauses » ont été plus fréquents pour les poules normales que pour les naines avec le régime plus riche. L’effet du gène dw sur l’indice de consommation a été sensiblement le même pour les deux régimes, malgré un moindre avantage des poules dw avec l’aliment moins riche à l’âge de 41 semaines.
Déterminisme génétique du débit de lait au cours de la traite des chèvres
Authors: RICORDEAU G. , BOUILLON J. , LE ROY P. , ELSEN J.M. , LAJOUS A. 
Published: August 2020

Le débit de lait au cours de la 1e minute de traite des chèvres varie de 0,3 à 2,4 kg. L’analyse des descendances des boucs à la Station de Moissac sur 8 campagnes (1585 lactations de 893 chèvres nées de 97 pères et 487 mères) a fait apparaître 3 catégories de pères, ce qui nous a conduit à envisager l’hypothèse d’un locus à effet majeur, avec 2 allèles en ségrégation, un allèle + , normal et partiellement dominant, et un allèle hd, récessif, responsable d’un haut débit de traite. Les différents tests utilisés montrent que cette hypothèse est vraisemblable et que le déterminisme génétique du débit est de type mixte. Le débit moyen des chèvres homozygotes hd/hd est supérieur de 84 % à celui des chèvres homozygotes +/+ (respectivement 1,48 vs 0,80 kg/min), celui des hétérozygotes hd/+ étant de 0,94 kg/min, ce qui correspond à une dominance de 0,61. La fréquence de l’allèle hd serait de 0,39 dans l’échantillon étudié, l’héritabilité résiduelle du débit étant de 0,48. La sélection des chèvres à haut débit est donc possible et souhaitable. Elle peut être réalisée, dans un premier temps, en limitant les mesures de débit aux « mères à boucs » (chèvres les mieux indexées), afin de détecter celles qui ont un débit supérieur à 1,46 kg/min (supposées toutes homozygotes hd/hd) et de produire rapidement des jeunes mâles susceptibles d’être homozygotes hd/hd.
Effets associés et utilisation de gènes majeurs réduisant la taille chez la poule domestique
Authors: MERAT P. 
Published: August 2020

Parmi les gènes majeurs réduisant la taille chez la poule, le gène lié au sexe dw a fait l’objet de nombreuses études et d’applications en élevage. Son caractère récessif et le fait qu’il abaisse d’un tiers le poids de l’oiseau et de 20 à 25 % sa consommation alimentaire l’ont fait utiliser pour « nanifier » des reproductrices « chair », qui donnent des poulets de taille normale en croisement avec une souche mâle standard. Pour la production d’oeufs, l’application au stade industriel présente plus de difficultés, du fait que dans les souches « ponte », surtout celles de petite taille (Leghorn), l’introduction de ce gène entraîne une réduction du nombre d’oeufs et de leur poids moyen. En dépit de cela, dans les souches mi-lourdes de type « oeuf brun », le gène dw améliore l’efficacité alimentaire, évite le rationnement des pondeuses et réduit le pourcentage d’oeufs cassés ou sans coquille. Des travaux ont donc cherché à mieux cerner les conditions optimales d’utilisation de pondeuses « naines » : incorporer le gène de préférence dans des populations mi-lourdes, éviter la sous-consommation alimentaire, se placer dans des conditions de production où une économie sur l’aliment est particulièrement importante. Un autre facteur lié au sexe issu de races Bantam, abaissant plus modérément la taille (10-15 %), sans effet réducteur du nombre d’oeufs, pourrait avoir une utilité dans des croisements particuliers.
Adaptation des bovins aux milieux d’élevage
Authors: LE NEINDRE P. , GAREL J.P. 
Published: August 2020

Des veaux de races Pie-Noire et Salers ont été observés dans différentes conditions d’élevage et à différentes périodes de leur vie. S’ils sont avec leur mère dès la naissance, leurs activités ne sont pas statistiquement différentes entre les deux races. En revanche lorsqu’ils sont seuls, les veaux Pie-Noirs sont plus actifs que les Salers, ils boivent plus facilement le lait au seau, ils ingèrent plus d’aliment solide et ont finalement une meilleure croissance. La précocité sexuelle des Pie- Noires est supérieure à celle des Salers. Ces différences peuvent être interprétées en termes d’adaptations aux différents milieux d’élevage. Le terme « rusticité », trop imprécis, devrait être évité.
Trading In Influence Dalam Perspektif Fikih Korupsi
Authors: Fad Mohammad Farid 
Published: August 2020

<p><strong></strong>Corruption is a deep-rooted phenomenon existing in inumerable forms that occurs in almost all countries. Of the inumerable forms of corruption, trading in influence (TI) is considered soft corruption as it is not directly inflict losses on the state. However, through misuse influence a person has, he can obtain undue advantage. This article seeks to describe critically about the practice of trading in influence from the perspective of fiqh corruption. The type of method used in this study was a qualitative method. Descriptive-analitycal method was used to accurately describe and systematically analyze the facts found. This research found that fromthe perspective of Islamic criminal law, TI is considered khiyanah or <em>ghulul</em> (betrayal) and <em>risywah</em> (bribes), while the sentence is left to the policy of a judge or ruler (<em>ta'zir</em>), no matter whether the perpetrators are the government or private parties.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Korupsi merupakan fenomena yang terjadi hampir merata di berbagai negara. Dari berbagai macam varian korupsi yang ada, <em>trading in influence</em> (TI) termasuk kriteria korupsi yang <em>soft</em>, artinya, negara tidak secara langsung dirugikan, namun melalui pengaruh yang diperdagangkan, seseorang bisa memperoleh keuntungan yang tidak semestinya (<em>undue advantage</em>) lewat kebijakan yang bersifat memihak. Artikel ini berupaya mendeskripsikan secara kritis tentang praktek TI dalam perspektif fikih korupsi. Jenis metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Sementara dalam menganalisis, peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis, guna menggambarkan serta menganalisis secara sistematis fakta yang ditemukan secara akurat dan cermat. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dalam perspektif hukum pidana Islam, TI dapat digolongkan dalam kategori <em>khiyanah</em> atau <em>ghulul</em> (pengkhianatan) dan <em>risywah</em> (suap), sementara hukumannya diserahkan pada kebijakan hakim atau penguasa (<em>ta’zir</em>), baik pelakunya penyelenggara negara maupun pihak swasta.</p>
Relationship of Graft Type and Vancomycin Presoaking to Rate of Infection in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Kuršumović Kenan , Charalambous Charalambos Panayiotou 
Published: August 2020

Background:Infection is a devastating complication in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) surgery. Given the rarity of infection, pooling individual studies via meta-analysis can allow more meaningful evaluation of factors influencing infection rates. We aimed to determine the relationship of graft type and vancomycin graft presoaking to bacterial infection rates following ACLR.Methods:A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL (Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials). Included articles were those reporting on primary arthroscopic or open ACLR procedures, using hamstring (HT) or bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) autografts or allografts of any type, with regard to the outcome of infection (deep infection or septic arthritis). Meta-analyses were performed to estimate the overall infection rates in ACLR surgery according to graft type and to examine the effect of presoaking grafts in vancomycin on infection rates.Results:We identified 306 bacterial infections in 68,453 grafts across 198 studies. The overall estimated ACL graft infection rate in our meta-analysis was 0.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.8% to 1.0%). HT autografts were associated with a higher infection rate (1.1%, CI = 0.9% to 1.2%) than BPTB autografts (0.7%, CI = 0.6% to 0.9%) and allografts (0.5%, CI = 0.4% to 0.8%) (Q = 15.58, p < 0.001). Presoaking HT autografts in vancomycin reduced infection rates to 0.1% (CI = 0.0% to 0.4%) (Q = 10.62, p = 0.001).Conclusions:Infection following ACLR remains a rare but serious complication. HT autografts are associated with higher infection rates than other graft types. Presoaking HT autografts in vancomycin reduces infection rates by an estimated tenfold.Level of Evidence:TherapeuticLevel IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Gerakan Literasi Sekolah Dan Lingkungan Kaya Teks Di Sekolah “Studi Asesmen Diri Sekolah Menengah Pertama Di Surabaya”
Authors: Hidayah Layli , Setyo Widodo Ganjar 
Published: August 2020

Abstract: Based on the results of the tests conducted by PISA in 2012 and 2015, there were no significant differences in the ability of students in Indonesia, of which has been still relied on the lower ranks. Even though the school literacy movement (SLM) has been promoted by the government since then, there tends shows a lot of problems and neglect factors related to school policy-makers and the teachers. This self-evaluation study was carried out by involving private secondary school levels in Surabaya to study the achievements of the implementation of the SLM in their school, in particular related with the creation of text-rich environment. The results of this study are expected to provide preliminary research findings on a text-rich environment for the success of GLS in Surabaya. In addition, reflections involving teachers provide an understanding of the concept of literacy among teachers still based on reading and writing activities, not on information literacy and so on. The limitations of this understanding make the development of a text-rich environment in schools very minimal.
Abstrak: Berdasarakn hasil tes yang dselenggarakan oleh PISA di tahun 2012 dan 2015 tidak ada perbedaan yang menonjol dalam kemampuan literasi siswa di Indonesia, dan Indonesia masih berada pada peringkat bawah. Sekalipun gerakan literasi sekolah (GLS) sudah digalakkan, tampaknya masih banyak masalah dan kealpaan informasi terkait dengan budaya literasi di sekolah, baik pemangku kebijakan sekolah maupun guru. Penelitian evaluasi diri ini dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan sekolah menengah swasta di Surabaya untuk mengetahui capaian pelaksanaan GLS, terutama penciptaan lingkungan kaya teks. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan pemetaan awal penciptaan lingkungan kaya teks terhadap kesuksesan GLS di Surabaya. Selain itu, refleksi yang melibatkan guru memberikan gambaran bagaimana pemahaman konsep literasi di antara guru masih berpatok pada aktivitas membaca dan menulis, belum pada literasi informasi dan seterusnya. Keterbatasan pemahaman ini membuat pengembangan lingkungan kaya teks di sekolah juga terlambat
Pembelajaran Group Investigation dan Talking Chips untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar
Authors: Anwar Moh. Farid , Rozhana Kardiana Metha 
Published: August 2020

Abstract: Conventional learning models are less effective for use in the 2013 curriculum which emphasizes scientific approaches. Innovative learning models are needed for learning in the 2013 curriculum. One form of innovative learning models is the GI learning model. The purpose of the research is to describe the application of GI learning models and Talking Chips methods to improve student learning outcomes and activities. This type of research is used by CAR, with four steps including planning, treatment and observation, reflection. While the techniques for obtaining data through observation, tests, interviews, and documentation. Learning outcomes cycle 1 gained a score of 84 to 89 and cycle 2 a score of 92 to 96.
Abstrak: Model pembelajaran konvensional kurang efektif untuk digunakan pada kurikulum 2013 yang menekankan pada pendekatan scientific. Model pembelajaran inovatif diperlukan untuk pembelajaran pada kurikulum 2013. Salah satu bentuk model pembelajaran inovatif adalah model pembelajaran GI. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mendeskripsikan penerapan model pembelajaran GI dan metode Talking Chips untuk meningkatkan hasil dan aktivitas belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan PTK, dengan empat langkah diantaranya planning, treatment and observation, reflection. Sedangkan teknik untuk memperoleh data melalui observasi, tes, wawancara, serta dokumentasi. Hasil belajar siklus 1 memperoleh skor 84 menjadi 89 serta siklus 2 skor 92 menjadi 96.
Meningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Menggunakan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) Berbantuan Media Konkrit
Authors: Setyawan Dedy 
Published: August 2020

Abtract. This study aims to improve the activity and student learning outcomes in mathematics in calculating the volume of a cube by using the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) model assisted by concrete media.This type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subjects of this study were 5th grade students of Muhammadiyah Pahandut Palangka Raya Elementary School, totaling 19 people. The sampling technique used is saturated sampling. Data collection techniques using observation and tests.The main results of this study indicate that the learning activities of students when learning mathematics material calculates the volume of the cube using the RME model assisted by concrete media shows the final test results of cycle 1 with 73.68% and the final test results in cycle 2 to 100% and are in very good criteria. It is proven that by using the RME model which is assisted by concrete media can increase student mathematics learning activities and outcomes.
Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar matematika siswa dalam menghitung volume kubus dengan menggunakan model Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) berbantuan media konkret. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SDS Muhammadiyah Pahandut Palangka Raya yang berjumlah 19 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah sampling jenuh. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan tes. Hasil utama penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Aktivitas belajar siswa pada saat pembelajaran Matematika materi menghitung volume kubus dengan menggunakan model Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) berbantuan media konkret di kelas V SDS Muhammadiyah Pahandut Palangka Raya menunjukkan hasil tes akhir siklus 1 dengan 73,68% dan hasil tes akhir pada siklus 2 menjadi 100% dan berada pada kriteria sangat baik. Terbukti bahwa dengan menggunakan model Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) berbantuan media konkrit dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar matematika siswa.
Syndepositional tectonics and mass-transport deposits control channelized, bathymetrically complex deep-water systems (Aínsa depocenter, Spain)
Authors: Tek Daniel E. , Poyatos-Moré Miquel , Patacci Marco , McArthur Adam D. , Colombera Luca , Cullen Timothy M. , McCaffrey William D. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTThe inception and evolution of channels in deep-water systems is controlled by the axial gradient and lateral confinement experienced by their formative flows. These parameters are often shaped by the action of tectonic structures and/or the emplacement of mass-transport deposits (MTDs). The Arro turbidite system (Aínsa depocenter, Spanish Pyrenees) is an ancient example of a deep-water channelized system from a bathymetrically complex basin, deposited in an active tectonic setting. Sedimentologic fieldwork and geologic mapping of the Arro system has been undertaken to provide context for a detailed study of three of the best-exposed outcrops: Sierra de Soto Gully, Barranco de la Caxigosa, and Muro de Bellos. These locations exemplify the role of confinement in controlling the facies and architecture in the system. Sedimentologic characterization of the deposits has allowed the identification of fifteen facies and eight facies associations; these form a continuum and are non-unique to any depositional environment. However, architectural characterization allowed the grouping of facies associations into four depositional elements: i) weakly confined, increasing-to-decreasing energy deposits; ii) progradational, weakly confined to overbank deposits; iii) alternations of MTDs and turbidites; iv) channel fills. Different styles of channel architecture are observed. In Barranco de la Caxigosa, a master surface which was cut and subsequently filled hosts three channel stories with erosional bases; channelization was enhanced by quasi-instantaneous imposition of lateral confinement by the emplacement of MTDs. In Muro de Bellos, the inception of partially levee-confined channel stories was enhanced by progressive narrowing of the depositional fairway by tectonic structures, which also controlled their migration. Results of this study suggest that deep-water channelization in active tectonic settings may be enhanced or hindered due to: 1) flow interaction with MTD-margin topography or; 2) MTD-top topography; 3) differential compaction of MTDs and/or sediment being loaded into MTDs; 4) formation of megascours by erosive MTDs; 5) basin-floor topography being reset by MTDs. Therefore, the Arro system can be used as an analog for ancient subsurface or outcrop of channelized deposits in bathymetrically complex basins, or as an ancient record of deposits left by flow types observed in modern confined systems.
The Effect of Model Error Identification on the Fast Reservoir Simulation by Capacitance-Resistance Model
Authors: Mamghaderi Azadeh , Aminshahidy Babak , Bazargan Hamid 
Published: August 2020

SummaryUsing fast and reliable proxies instead of sophisticated and time-consuming reservoir simulators is of great importance in reservoir management. The capacitance-resistance model (CRM) as a fast proxy has been widely used in this area. However, the inadequacy of this proxy for simplifying complex reservoirs with a limited number of parameters has not been addressed appropriately in related works in the literature. In this study, potential uncertainties in the modeling of the waterflooding process in the reservoir by the producer-based version of CRM (CRMP) are formulated, leading to embedding a new error-related term into the original formulation of the proxy. Considering a general form of the model error to represent both white and colored noises, a system of a CRMP-error equation is introduced analytically to deal with any type of intrinsic model imperfection. Two approaches are developed for the problem solution including the following: tuning the additional error-related parameters as a complementary stage of a classical history-matching procedure, and updating these parameters simultaneously with the original model parameters in a data-assimilation approach over model training time. To validate the model and show the effectiveness of both solution schemes, the injection and production data of a water-injection procedure in a three-layered reservoir model are used. Results show that the error-related parameters can be matched successfully along with the model original variables either in a routine model calibration procedure or in a data-assimilation approach by using the ensemble-based Kalman filter (EnKF) method. Comparing the average of the obtained range for the liquid rate as the problem output with true data demonstrates the effectiveness of considering model error. This leads to substantial improvement of the results compared with the case of applying the original model without considering the error term.
Lessons Learned from Drilling a Long Open Hole Interval and Recovery from a Stuck Pipe Incident
Authors: Akinfolarin Ayodele , Amah Obinna , Ijeh Isijokelu , Djauro Chiwar , Omoregie Samson , Usim Mike , Tien Willhelm , Emesi John , Mordi Joseph 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Drilling long open hole sections has been known to result in many challenges including wellbore instability problems which may lead to stuck pipe problems. However, well design or operational challenges may necessitate making such risky decisions. In such situations, precautionary measures will need to be taken to ensure that the hole is successfully drilledwith minimum to no wellbore instability problems which have negative impact on time and cost.
The case study, well FX-3 is a well drilled by one of the major oil and gas companies in the Niger Delta. The tophole was planned to be drilled in two sections: a pilot hole to the planned section total depth and then with a hole opener to open the pilot hole to the required hole size. Due to the abrasive formation type and difficulties encountered while drilling to the planned depth, decision was made to set the casing shallower than planned. This necessitated drilling the 12-1/4" hole section longer than planned. With this decision, several challenges were encountered and eventually overcome. The well was successfully completed.
The objective of this paper is to present the lessons learned in drilling a long open hole interval and the recovery operations from a stuck pipe incident within that interval in the well. It discusses both the well design and actual field practices, with significant emphasis in the recovery operations from the stuck pipe incident. One of the key events is the spotting of special pipe freeing pills, which in combination of other activities led to the freeing of the stuck bottom hole assembly which had a radioactive source. Some of the key learnings are the need to optimise the well design, proper hole cleaning and mud conditioning prior to drilling to section total depth. The knowledge of the pipe sticking mechanism and the application of the right pipe freeing formulations are important considerations in freeing any stuck pipe