bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Educational Chronic Care Model on Diabetic Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Elmalky Ahmed Mahmoud , Alharbi Abdulsalam S. , Alsaqabi Abdulkarim M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Lack of knowledge and understanding about diabetes are important barriers to cure. Treatment of diabetes alone without education is not sufficient. Nowadays, health education could reach us on mobiles. Aim Our aim is how to make advice-giving becomes a system to treat our patients. The theme of this study is diabetes education. And to know how far the prompt well-structured education could affect the clinical status and the quality of life of a poorly controlled diabetic patients. Methods702 patients with type 1 diabetes were followed for 2 years (2017, 2018), by condensed friendly education and training sessions. Our activities were mainly through direct individual approach and social media, structured in the form of visits. The study was done in a specialized clinics of diabetes (SDC) in a tertiary university hospital. We evaluated the clinical status, psychological, sociocultural and satisfaction of the patients, pre and post education. We assessed our patients at the beginning of the study, throughout, and at the time of discharge. Quantitative and qualitative data were compared statistically by paired t test and chi-square test at 0.05 level of significance. Results96.7% of our patients were completely satisfied by what they have achieved through this project. The average HbA1C become less than eight in 54% of patients. Patients with HbA1C 8-9%, BP <140/80, and LDL <3.36 mmol/l, were 46%, 51% and 79% respectively. The average blood pressure for 56% of patients was 132/77. The average LDL level among 71% of patients was 2.25. 27% of patients had average discharged HbA1c of 7.3. Net promotor score of SDC was 85%, were promotors, passives and detractors were 87.8%, 9.5% and 2.8% respectively. P value <0.05Conclusion Education self-management support programs are cost-effective and superior to usual care. Education programs were more effective in lowering HbA1c. Attendees finding it valuable and enjoyable.
Knowledge and Practices on Fever and Home Management of a Febrile Child and Antipyretic Use: A Sri Lankan Experience
Authors: Silva Hemal De , Weliange Shreenika De Silva , Weerasekera Kumudu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Fever, a common childhood experience requires correct home management and seeking medical advice at the correct time. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and practices of fever home management of a febrile child among the primary caregivers.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in four randomly selected wards at the Lady Ridgeway Hospital, in Sri Lanka. among 400 primary caregivers of children less than 12 years of age admitted with fever. A pre-tested, pre-coded, interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect information. Measurement of temperature by the participants were also observed. Results: Normal body temperature was correctly mentioned by 46.2% and mercury thermometer was identified as the best thermometer by 45.8%. Nearly 3/4th stated that the dose of antipyretics should be calculated according to age and or body weight and their knowledge on dose calculations showed that in 70.9% the calculated dose was considered safe and effective. In practice, 54% of the study population had used a thermometer for detection and/or monitoring of fever. Paracetamol was used by 99% of the study population alone or in combination by to treat the febrile child at home before the hospital admission. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs were also used by 1.5%. The dose of paracetamol given to the child was too low for 6.5% while it was too high for 24.5%. Statistically significant associations (p<0.05) were seen for correct technique of temperature measurement with higher education, higher family income and having a single child. Conclusions: This study adds to the contemporary fever management literature, by assessing problem from another dimension, which was the knowledge and practices of the primary caregivers in providing home management to a febrile child. Several knowledge and practice gaps were identified, which could be corrected through the clinical and public healthcare system.
Hiccups and Psychosis: Two atypical presentations of COVID -19
Authors: Alvarez-Cisneros Teresa , Lara-Reyes Aldo , Sansón-Tinoco Stephanie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The WHO defines a possible case of COVID-19 as a person experiencing fever, cough, shortness of breath and neurological signs including anosmia, ageusia or dysgeusia. However, experiences from hospitals all over the world have shown that presentations vary widely. In our emergency department in a private hospital in Mexico City, we received two patients with very different symptoms on the same shift. Two previously healthy men in their 40 s presented, one with 3 days of hiccups and the other with a new onset psychotic event.
A metagenome association study of gut microbiome revealed biomarkers for chemotherapy efficacy in locally advanced and advanced lung cancer
Authors: Zhao Zhe , Fei Kailun , Wang Zhijie , Duan Jianchun , Bai Hua , Wang Jie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Accumulating evidence has confirmed the important role of the gut microbiome in the development and immunotherapy efficacy of lung cancer. However, little is known about the relationship between intestinal flora and chemotherapy. This study investigates the correlation between intestinal flora and chemotherapy efficacy in lung cancer.
Methods

We analyzed baseline stool samples from patients with locally advanced and advanced lung cancer before chemotherapy treatment, through metagenomics of the gut microbiota. The composition, diversity, function, and metabolic pathway analysis of the microbial communities were compared, using the R statistical programming language, among patients with different clinical outcomes.
Results

From September 1, 2018 to September 30, 2019, we obtained stool samples from 64 patients with locally advanced and advanced lung cancer treated with chemotherapy at baseline, consisting of 33 patients who responded to treatment (responders) and 31 patients who did not (non-responders). The median progression-free survival was 7 months (range, 1.5–14.5). Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus casseliflavus were enriched in responders (P < 0.05), while 11 bacteria including Leuconostoc lactis and Eubacterium siraeum were enriched in non-responders (P < 0.05) by variance analysis. Responders to chemotherapy were associated with significantly higher Acidobacteria and Granulicella, while Streptococcus oligofermentans, Megasphaera micronuciformis, and Eubacterium siraeum were more abundant in non-responders by Lefse analysis. Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus casseliflavus were further identified as bacterial markers for the responders in chemotherapy using unsupervised clustering, and Leuconostoc lactis and Eubacterium siraeum were the biomarkers for non-responders. Functional analysis of metabolic pathways revealed that the L-glutamate degradation VIII pathway was enriched in responders (P = 0.014), and the C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilation cycle, reductive TCA cycle I, and hexitol fermentation to lactate, formate, ethanol, and acetate were enriched in non-responders (P < 0.05). In addition, significant associations of bacterial species with clinical indicators such as age, body mass index, and pathological patterns were observed by spearman correlation analysis.
Conclusions

The study showed that the specific gut microbiome of patients with lung cancer might possess a potential predictive role for the clinical outcomes of chemotherapy. Further validation is needed.
Differences in the effect of sleep deprivation on the postural stability among men and women
Authors: Ołpińska-Lischka Marta , Kujawa Karolina , Maciaszek Janusz 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: Sleepiness caused by poor sleep hygiene may increase the risk of injuries and damages during physical activity. Individual data so far indicate a generally better static postural stability of women regardless of sleeping conditions. The main aim of this study was to assess the impact of sleep deprivation on postural stability according to gender after 24 hours of sleep deprivation. Methods: Participants included 83 students (36 men and 47 women). Postural stability was measured with eyes open and closed eyes before and after sleep deprivation. Data from posturographic platform were used to assess postural stability objectively. Results: The type of test determined the size of observed changes in postural stability. The data suggest that women are better able to cope with the effects of sleep deprivation than men. ﻿Conclusion: Postural control system is very important in sport and in physically active people. The results show that men are more sensitive to sleep deprivation than women because they had higher COP path length values in tests. Less postural stability of the body due to sleep deprivation indicates a higher risk of injury during physical activity.
Downregulation of circ-TRPS1 suppressed prostatic cancer prognoses by regulating miR-124-3p/EZH2 axis-mediated stemness
Authors: Sha Jianjun , Xia Lei , Han Qing , Chi Chenfei , Zhu Yinjie , Pan Jiahua , Huang Yiran , Xia Weiliang , Dong Baijun , Xue Wei , Yang Chen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Abnormal circular RNA (circRNA) expression correlates with human traits such as many kinds of cancers. Though circRNAs have links to cancer, they have less characterization in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (PCa), which is main reason for PCa mortality.Methods: Therefore, high-throughput sequencing was used for selected circRNA profiles. We performed RT-qPCR to determine circ-TRPS1 expression regarding PCa tissues. We used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to detect circ-TRPS1 expression and circ-TRPS1 subcellular localization in PCa tissues. circ-TRPS1 expression in PCa cells was selectively regulated. We employed CCK8, transwell assays to monitor the cell proliferation and invasion, respectively. We employed dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pulldown assays to verify the relationship among circ-TRPS1, miR-124-3p, and EZH2. We examined the circ-TRPS1 effects on PCa cell metastasis and proliferation in vivo through a subcutaneous xenograft model as well as an intravenous tail injection model of nude mice.Results: The result showed that circ-TRPS1 was upregulated significantly in high-grade PCa tissues or cell lines. High circ-TRPS1 expression correlated to aggressive PCa phenotypes. Knockdown of circ-TRPS1 suppressed PCa proliferation and metastasis through targeting miR-124-3p/EZH2 axis-mediated stemness in PCa, which was validated by luciferase reporter assays. EZH2 overexpression or miR-124-3p inhibition reversed the inhibition of circ-TRPS1 silencing in PCa cell migration and proliferation by recovering stemness.Conclusion: In summary, data demonstrated that circ-TRPS1 suppressed PCa progression through functioning similar to a miR-124-3p sponge to enhance EZH2 expression and cancer stem-like cell differentiation. Thus, circ-TRPS1 might be a candidate target for PCa treatment.
Mechanistic Modelling of Coronavirus Infections and the Impact of Confined Neighbourhoods on a Short Time Scale
Authors: Ahmed Danish Ali , Ansari Ali , Imran Mudassar , Dingle Kamal , Ahmed Naveed , Bonsall Michael 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To mitigate the spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus, some countries have adopted more stringent non-pharmaceutical interventions in contrast to those widely used (for e.g. the state of Kuwait). In addition to standard practices such as enforcing curfews, social distancing, and closure of non-essential service industries, other non-conventional policies such as the total confinement of highly populated areas has also been implemented. Methods: In this paper, we model the movement of a host population using a mechanistic approach based on random walks, which are either diffusive or super-diffusive. Infections are realised through a contact process, whereby a susceptible host may be infected if in close spatial proximity of the infectious host. Our focus is only on the short-time scale prior to the infectious period, so that no further transmission is assumed. Results: We find that the level of infection depends heavily on the population dynamics, and increases in the case of slow population diffusion, but remains stable for a high or super-diffusive population. Also, we find that the confinement of homogeneous or overcrowded sub-populations has minimal impact in the short term. Conclusions: Our results indicate that on a short time scale, confinement restrictions or complete lock down of whole residential areas may not be effective. Finally, we discuss the possible implications of our findings for total confinement in the context of the current situation in Kuwait.
Buffalo Milk Can Rescue Fatigue in Young Mice, Alleviate Oxidative Stress and Boost Learning and Memory in Aging Mice
Authors: Liao Xinglv , Ahmad Muhammad Jamil , Chen Chao , George Jitu W , Yang Liguo , Hua Guohua 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: An advanced age associated pathology is decreasing cognitive ability and impeding antioxidant system integrity. Adverse drug reactions have prompted the need for complementary and alternative medicine dietary therapy. Buffalo milk is reported to have high levels of various nutrients which makes it an ideal candidate for complementary dietary therapy. However, its effects on oxidation, fatigue, learning and memory potential remains to be explored. Results: Compared with cow milk, buffalo milk showed better anti-fatigue effect evidenced by improved force swimming time, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, hepatic glycogen, and decline of blood urea nitrogen (P<0.05), especially in young female mice. Pasteurized buffalo milk (PBM) and high-temperature treatment sterilized buffalo milk (HTBM) both rescued the serum and liver anti-oxidative enzymes impaired by D-galactose treatment. However, PBM supplement showed higher liver superoxide dismutase (P<0.05) and glutathione peroxidase level (P<0.05) than HTBM in D-galactose induced aging mice. PBM and HTBM both enhanced the priority and discrimination indexes for object recognition and locations tests in D-galactose induced aging mice model. Supplement of PBM or HTBM successfully restored brain superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase levels, and brain protein content in D-galactose induced aging mice (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the elevated malondialdehyde levels were also decreased (P<0.05) by either PBM or HTBM treatment. Conclusion: Our present study established that buffalo milk, as a natural dairy product, could alleviate fatigue in young mice, and rescue oxidative stress and promote learning and memory in aging mice. Pasteurized buffalo milk showed more favorable effects on aging mice when compared with high-temperature treatment sterilized buffalo milk.
COVID-19 in-hospital mortality and mode of death in a dynamic and non-restricted tertiary care model in Germany
Authors: Rieg Siegbert , Cube Maja von , Kalbhenn Johannes , Utzolino Stefan , Pernice Katharina , Bechet Lena , Baur Johanna , Lang Corinna N. , Wagner Dirk , Wolkewitz Martin , Kern Winfried V. , Biever Paul 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundReported mortality of hospitalised COVID-19 patients varies substantially, particularly in critically ill patients. So far COVID-19 in-hospital mortality and modes of death under optimised care conditions have not been systematically studied.MethodsThis retrospective observational monocenter cohort study was performed after implementation of a non-restricted, dynamic tertiary care model at the University Medical Center Freiburg, an experienced ARDS and ECMO referral center. All hospitalised patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality, secondary endpoints included major complications and modes of death. A multistate analysis and a Cox regression analysis for competing risk models were performed. Modes of death were determined by two independent reviewers.ResultsBetween February 25, and May 8, 213 patients were included in the analysis. The median age was 65 years, 129 patients (61%) were male. 70 patients (33%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), of which 57 patients (81%) received mechanical ventilation and 23 patients (33%) extracorporeal membrane-oxygenation (ECMO) support. According to the multistate model the probability to die within 90 days after COVID-19 onset was 24% in the whole cohort. If the levels of care at time of study entry were accounted for, the probabilities to die were 16% if the patient was initially on a regular ward, 47% if in the ICU and 57% if mechanical ventilation was required at study entry. Age ≥ 65 years and male sex were predictors for in-hospital death. Predominant complications – as judged by two independent reviewers – determining modes of death were multi-organ failure, septic shock and thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications.ConclusionIn a dynamic care model COVID-19-related in-hospital mortality remained substantial. In the absence of potent antiviral agents, strategies to alleviate or prevent the identified complications should be investigated. In this context, multistate analyses enable comparison of models-of-care and treatment strategies and allow estimation and allocation of health care resources.RegistrationGerman Clinical Trials Register (identifier DRKS00021775), retrospectively registered June 10, 2020.
Vitamin A Deficiency and Sleep Disturbances Related to Autism Symptoms in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wen Jing , Yang Ting , Zhu Jiang , Guo Min , Lai Xi , Tang Ting , Chen Li , Chen Jie , Xue Ming , Yu Li Ting 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and sleep disturbances have been reported in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The influence of vitamin A (VA) on sleep regulation and sleep disturbances in ASD has garnered increased attention. This study aims to characterize the effect of VA levels and sleep disturbances on children with ASD.Methods: This cross-sectional study compared children with ASD (n=856) to typically developing children (TDC; n=316). The Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire assessed sleep disturbances, Childhood Autism Rating Scale evaluated the severity of autism symptoms, and Autism Behavior Checklist and Social Responsiveness Scale assessed autism behaviors. VA levels in blood samples were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Multivariable linear regression and two-way ANOVAs were performed to investigate the effect of VAD and sleep disturbances in children with ASD.Results: Children with ASD had lower serum VA levels and a higher prevalence of sleep disturbances than TDC. VAD and sleep disturbances in children with ASD corresponded to the severity of autism symptoms. Importantly, VA levels were negatively correlated with sleep disturbances among children with ASD, and the interaction of VAD and sleep disturbances were related to the severity of autism symptoms.Conclusion: VAD and sleep disturbances exacerbated autism symptoms in children with ASD, providing a novel target for treatment.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, registration number: ChiCTR-ROC-14005442
The Influence of Parental Feeding Knowledge and Practices on Chinese Children and Adolescents' Weight Status
Authors: Zhang Li , Zhang Yaorong , Qiu Liya , Yang Guangxing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Child and adolescent overweight is becoming more prevalent in recent decades. It is imperative to investigate the determinants of children and adolescents’ weight outcomes. Methods: Through analyzing the 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2011 waves of survey data released by China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), this paper investigated the gender and rural-urban differences in terms of the ways in which parental feeding knowledge and practices affected the weight status of Chinese children and adolescents aged 6 to 17. Data were collected through random sampling strategy and logistic regression models were built to conduct analyses.Results: The results showed that feeding knowledge and practices varied by parental residence and were different among mothers and fathers. In addition, parental feeding knowledge, parental eating habits and styles, mother’s intervention on children’s food intakes and physical exercise, and the number of meals parents sharing with children showed significant effects on children and adolescents' weight status. Conclusions: As compared to fathers, mothers’ feeding practices showed more significant effects on children and adolescents’ weight status. The manner in which parental feeding practices influenced children and adolescents’ weight status also differed in rural and urban settings. These findings suggested that mothers were still “gatekeepers” of children and adolescents’ food choices and selection; their feeding practices played a more decisive role on Chinese youth’s weight status. The urban-rural differentials highlighted in this research also reminded us that the “one-fits-all” solutions to prevent youth’s obesity should be avoided.
Pan-cancer analysis of tumor mutational burden and homologous recombination DNA damage repair by targeted next-generation sequencing
Authors: Wang Hai-Yun , Deng Ling , Li Ying-Qing , Zhang Xiao , Long Ya-Kang , Zhang Xu , Feng Yan-Fen , He Yuan , Tang Tao , Yang Xin-Hua , Wang Fang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Current variability in methods for tumor mutational burden (TMB) estimation and reporting urges the need for a homogeneous TMB assessment. Here we compared the TMB distributions in different cancer types using two customized targeted panels commonly used in clinical practice. Methods: TMB spectrum of the 295- and 1021-Gene panels in multiple cancer types were compared using targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS). Then the TMB distributions across a diverse cohort of 2,332 cancer cases were investigated for their associations to clinical features. Treatment response data was collected for 222 patients who received immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and their homologous recombination DNA damage repair (HR-DDR) and PD-L1 expression were additionally assessed, and compared with TMB and response rate. Results: The median TMB between the gene panels were similar despite wide range in TMB values. Highest TMB was 8 and 10 in patients with squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal carcinoma according to the classification of histopathology and cancer types, respectively. Patients with high TMB and HR-DDR positive status could benefit from ICIs therapies (23 patients versus 7 patients with treatment response, P = 0.004). Additionally, PD-L1 expression was not associated with TMB and treatment response among patients receiving ICIs. Conclusions: Targeted NGS assays demonstrated advantageous ability to evaluate TMB in pan-cancer samples as a tool to predict response to ICIs. Also, TMB integrated with HR-DDR positive status could be a significant biomarker for predicting ICIs response in patients.