bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Zealactone 1a/b
Authors: Yoshimura Masahiko , Dieckmann Michael , Dakas Pierre‐Yves , Fonné‐Pfister Raymonde , Screpanti Claudio , Hermann Katrin , Rendine Stefano , Quinodoz Pierre , Horoz Beyza , Catak Saron , De Mesmaeker Alain 
Published: February 2020

AbstractStrigolactones are plant hormones, which play pivotal roles in plant growth and development with potential application in sustainable agriculture. Recently, zealactone 1a/b has been identified as the major strigolactone from the root exudates of corn. Although zealactone is a promising molecule affecting signaling in the rhizosphere as well as in planta, evaluating its biological activities has been hampered by its low natural abundance and its relative chemical instability. Herein, we present the total synthesis of zealactone 1a/b based on our studies employing a [2+2]‐cycloaddition strategy and a chemoselective Baeyer‐Villiger oxidation to forge the γ‐butyrolactone fragment. Furthermore, we disclose the biological activities of zealactone 1a/b on corn and in soil in comparison with related synthetic analogues.
Entropy generation in MHD Williamson nanofluid over a convectively heated stretching plate with chemical reaction
Authors: Yusuf Tunde A. , Adesanya Samuel O. , Gbadeyan Jacob A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis investigation focuses on the influence of thermal radiation on the magnetohydrodynamic flow of a Williamson nanofluid over a stretching sheet with chemical reaction. The phenomena at the stretching wall assume convective heat and mass exchange. The novelty of the present study is the thermodynamic analysis in the nonlinear convective flow of a Williamson nanofluid. The resulting set of the differential equations are solved by the homotopy analysis method. We explored the impacts of the emerging parameters on flow, heat, and mass characteristics, including the rate of entropy generation and the Bejan number through graphs, and extensive discussions are provided. The expressions for skin friction, Nusselt and the Sherwood numbers are also analyzed and explored through tables. It is concluded that the rate of mass transfer may be maximized with the variation of the Williamson and chemical reaction parameters. Moreover, the entropy generation rate and the Bejan number are augmented via increasing the Williamson parameter.
EFFECT OF DRIP IRRIGATION WITH BRACKISH WATER ON THE SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES FOR A TYPICAL DESERT PLANT (HALOXYLON AMMODENDRON) IN THE MANAS RIVER BASIN
Authors: Yang Guang , Liu Saihua , Yan Ke , Tian Lijun , Li Pengfei , Li Xiaolong , He Xinlin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDrip irrigation with brackish water is crucial for the efficient use of scarce water resources and ecological restoration. A 2‐year study was conducted to examine the effects of drip irrigation with brackish water on soil physicochemical properties and on the desert plant Haloxylon ammodendron which is essential in maintaining the ecological balance in desert areas. Field experiments were conducted to examine the effects of brackish water irrigation with different salinities (1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 g l−1) on the salt migration, ion contents and chemical characteristics of the soil solution. For irrigation salinities between 1 and 6 g l−1, the soil water content increased with elevated salinity, whereas, under treatments with salinities of 9 and 12 g l−1, the soil water content showed a decreasing trend with elevated salinity. Brackish water irrigation could accumulate salt and the soil salt content in the 60–80 cm soil layer was the highest; With elevated irrigation salinity, the changes in SO42−, Cl−, K+ and Na+ ion contents in the soil increased significantly. The cations in the soil aqueous solution gradually changed from Ca2+ to Na+, the anions changed from SO42− to Cl− and the hydrochemical facies changed from SO42− − Ca2+·Mg2+ to SO42−·Cl− – Na+. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biological evaluation of zinc‐containing calcium alginate‐hydroxyapatite composite microspheres for bone regeneration
Authors: Cuozzo Renan C. , Sartoretto Suelen C. , Resende Rodrigo F. B. , Alves Adriana Terezinha N. N. , Mavropoulos Elena , Prado da Silva Marcelo H. , Calasans‐Maia Mônica D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractZinc is an important element for bone structure and metabolism. Its interaction with hydroxyapatite has been investigated for the improvement of bone repair. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo biological response to nanostructured calcium alginate‐hydroxyapatite (HA) and zinc‐containing HA (ZnHA). Cytocompatibility was evaluated by applying PrestoBlue reagent after exposing murine pre‐osteoblast cells to extracts of each biomaterial microspheres. After physical and chemical characterization, the biomaterial microspheres were implanted in a critical size calvaria defect (8 mm) in Wistar rats (n = 30) that were randomly divided into the HA and ZnHA groups. Tissue samples were evaluated through histological and histomorphometric analyses after 1, 3, and 6 months (n = 5). The results showed cellular viability for both groups compared to the negative control, and no differences in metabolic activity were observed. The HA group presented a significant reduction of biomaterial compared with the ZnHA group in all experimental periods; however, a considerable amount of new bone formation was observed surrounding the ZnHA spheres at the 6‐month time point compared with the HA group (p < .05). Both biomaterials were biocompatible, and the combination of zinc with hydroxyapatite was shown to improve bone repair.
How community therapists describe adapting evidence‐based practices in sessions for youth: Augmenting to improve fit and reach
Authors: Kim Joanna J. , Brookman‐Frazee Lauren , Barnett Miya L. , Tran Melanie , Kuckertz Mary , Yu Stephanie , Lau Anna S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe study sought to (a) characterize the types and frequency of session‐level adaptations made to multiple evidence‐based practices (EBPs) and (b) identify therapist‐, client‐, and session‐level predictors of adaptations. Within the community implementation of multiple EBPs, 103 community mental health therapists reported on 731 therapy sessions for 280 clients. Therapists indicated whether they adapted EBPs in specific sessions and described adaptations in open‐ended responses. Responses were coded using the Augmenting and Reducing adaptations framework. Therapists reported making adaptations in 59% of sessions. Augmenting adaptations were reported more frequently than Reducing adaptations. Multilevel logistic regression analyses revealed that greater therapist openness to EBPs, younger child age, and presenting problems was associated with Augmenting adaptations. Child presenting problem of externalizing problems predicted fewer Reducing adaptations compared with internalizing problems. This study extends the growing research examining adaptations within the context of the system‐driven implementation of multiple EBPs by applying the Augmenting and Reducing adaptation framework to the session‐level.
Early phylogenetic estimate of the effective reproduction number of SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Lai Alessia , Bergna Annalisa , Acciarri Carla , Galli Massimo , Zehender Gianguglielmo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTo reconstruct the evolutionary dynamics of the 2019 novel‐coronavirus recently causing an outbreak in Wuhan, China, 52 SARS‐CoV‐2 genomes available on 4 February 2020 at Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data were analyzed. The two models used to estimate the reproduction number (coalescent‐based exponential growth and a birth‐death skyline method) indicated an estimated mean evolutionary rate of 7.8 × 10−4 subs/site/year (range, 1.1 × 10−4‐15 × 10−4) and a mean tMRCA of the tree root of 73 days. The estimated R value was 2.6 (range, 2.1‐5.1), and increased from 0.8 to 2.4 in December 2019. The estimated mean doubling time of the epidemic was between 3.6 and 4.1 days. This study proves the usefulness of phylogeny in supporting the surveillance of emerging new infections even as the epidemic is growing.
Detection and identification of fungal growth on freeze‐dried Agaricus bisporus using spectra and olfactory sensors
Authors: Wang Liuqing , Hu Qiuhui , Pei Fei , Mugambi Mariga Alfred , Yang Wenjian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDFungal contamination in food products leads to mustiness, biochemical changes, and undesirable odors, which result in lower food quality and lower market value. To develop a rapid method for detecting fungi, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) was applied to identify five fungi inoculated on plates (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium chrysogenum, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aspergillus ochraceus). Near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, mid‐infrared (MIR) spectroscopy, and an electronic nose (E‐nose) were applied to detect and identify freeze‐dried Agaricus bisporus infected with the five fungi.RESULTSPartial least squares regression (PLSR) models were used to distinguish the HSI spectra of the five fungi on the plates. The A. ochraceus group had the highest calibration performance: coefficient of calibration (Rc2) = 0.786, root mean‐square error of calibration (RMSEC) = 0.125 log CFU g−1. The A. flavus group had the highest prediction performance: coefficient of prediction (Rp2) = 0.821, root mean‐square error of prediction (RMSEP) = 0.083 log CFU g−1. The ratio of performance deviation (RPD) values of all of the models was higher than 2.0 for the NIR, MIR, and E‐nose results for freeze‐dried A. bisporus infected with different fungi. The fungal species and degree of infection can be distinguished by principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) using NIR, MIR, and E‐nose, as the discrimination accuracy was more than 90%. The NIR methods had a higher recognition rate than the MIR and E‐nose methods.CONCLUSIONPrincipal component analysis (PCA) and PLSR models based on full spectra of HSI can achieve good discrimination results for these five fungi on plates. Moreover, NIR, MIR, and the E‐nose were proven to be effective in monitoring fungal contamination on freeze‐dried A. bisporus. However, NIR could be a more accurate method. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Assessing gel properties of Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) surimi prepared by high‐temperature setting (40 °C) for different durations
Authors: Gao Ruichang , Wijaya Ganesha YA , Yu Jiamei , Jin Wengang , Bai Fan , Wang Jinlin , Yuan Li 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDSetting effects are different for each fish species tested. There is no published literature on the response of Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii) to increased setting times. This study investigated the effects of high‐temperature setting (40 °C) for different durations on the gel properties of A. schrenckii surimi. As A. schrenckii is a new surimi material, it is also necessary to conduct a sensory evaluation and to report the surimi yields.RESULTSIncreasing setting durations (0.5–1.5 h) significantly improved the gel properties. The best results in terms of molecular forces, gel strength, texture profile analysis (TPA), water holding capacity (WHC), and whiteness were obtained by the gels with setting durations of 1 and 1.5 h. The protein degradation detected as a result of extended setting durations (>2 h) significantly decreased the gel properties. The most inferior gel properties were shown by the gel with setting for 3 h. Protein degradation also resulted in higher cooking loss and poor microstructures. The sensory evaluation indicated that A. schrenckii surimi was generally accepted by the panelists in terms of color, texture, and aroma. The surimi yield obtained in this study was 32.4%, which was similar to commercial surimi and higher than several surimi yields in recent studies.CONCLUSIONSetting durations from 0.5 to 1.5 h can be implemented to improve the properties of A. schrenckii surimi. Extended durations (>2 h) must be avoided. Overall, this work provided some necessary information about setting response, gel properties, sensory evaluation, and surimi yield in A. schrenckii, which will be useful for further studies. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
A Mouse Model of Dysphagia After Facial Nerve Injury
Authors: Welby Lauren , Ukatu Ceisha C. , Thombs Lori , Lever Teresa E. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveDysphagia is common following facial nerve injury; however, research is sparse regarding swallowing‐related outcomes and targeted treatments. Previous animal studies have used eye blink and vibrissae movement as measures of facial nerve impairment and recovery. The purpose of this study was to create a mouse model of facial nerve injury that results in dysphagia to enhance translational research outcomes.Study designProspective animal study.MethodsTwenty C57BL/6J mice underwent surgical transection of the main trunk (MT) (n = 10) or marginal mandibular branch (MMB) (n = 10) of the left facial nerve. Videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) assays for drinking and eating were performed at baseline and 14 days postsurgery to quantify several deglutition‐related outcome measures.ResultsVFSS analysis revealed that MT transection resulted in significantly slower lick and swallow rates during drinking (P ≤ .05) and significantly slower swallow rates and longer inter‐swallow intervals during eating (P ≤ .05), congruent with oral and pharyngeal dysphagia. After MMB transection, these same VFSS metrics were not statistically significant (P > .05).ConclusionThe main finding of this study was that transection of the facial nerve MT leads to oral and pharyngeal stage dysphagia in mice; MMB transection does not. These results from mice provide novel insight into specific VFSS metrics that may be used to characterize dysphagia in humans following facial nerve injury. We are currently using this surgical mouse model to explore promising treatment modalities such as electrical stimulation to hasten recovery and improve outcomes following various iatrogenic and idiopathic conditions affecting the facial nerve.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 131:17–24, 2021
Influence of pH on corrosion behavior of carbon steel in simulated cooling water containing scale and corrosion inhibitors
Authors: Yao Jiahui , Ge Honghua , Zhang Yi , Wang Xiaojie , Xie Siyu , Sheng Kun , Meng Xinjing , Zhao Yuzeng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the influence of pH on the corrosion behavior of AISI 1020 carbon steel in simulated cooling water was investigated by using electrochemical and surface analysis methods. The results of polarization showed that the corrosion resistance of carbon steel increased with an increase in pH of the simulated water, and the corrosion control process changed from cathodic polarization to anode polarization control. The scale and corrosion inhibitor 2‐phosphonobutane‐1,2,4‐tricarboxylic acid (PBTCA) had a certain anodic corrosion inhibition effect on carbon steel, whereas Zn2+ acted as a cathodic inhibitor for carbon steel in simulated water with pH 7–9. In simulated water containing both PBTCA and Zn2+, a good synergistic corrosion inhibition was found between PBTCA and Zn2+, and their corrosion inhibition effect on carbon steel was the best at pH 8. This was attributed to the formation of Zn(OH)2 precipitate film in the cathode region and the formation of Zn–PBTCA complex film in the anode region at this pH.
Newly developed acrylate injection resin gels for structural sealing and active corrosion protection of embedded steel reinforcement
Authors: Haufe Markus , Bakalli Mirdash , Sahin Haktan , Helm Christian , Achenbach Rebecca 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe corrosion potential of waterproofing acrylate injection resins is relevant when these materials are used in reinforced concrete structures. Sika Technology AG has developed a new generation of acrylate resin gels for use as injection material to seal cracks, repair honeycombed areas, and fill voids in concrete structures. This new material shows promising results in electrochemical laboratory tests for the provision of corrosion protection to the embedded reinforcement. These electrochemical analyses have been carried out at Sika Technology AG and in the Institute for Building Research (ibac) at RWTH Aachen University. The results of this investigation and the corresponding conclusions for their use in building, construction, and refurbishment works are presented below.
Investigation on the effectiveness of the repair method 8.3 “Corrosion protection by increasing the electrical resistivity” in chloride‐containing concrete Part 2: Chloride redistribution in concrete after application of a system sealing surface protective coating
Authors: Celebi Ayhan , Breit Wolfgang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis DFG‐funded research project aimed to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms of the W‐Cl repair principle within the framework of fundamental investigations, to contribute to the creation of the necessary basis for a broader application of the repair principle in practice. The focus was on the development of a model to describe the chloride redistribution after the application of a system sealing surface protective coating. On the basis of Fick's second law of diffusion, a mathematical model with a self‐contained analytical solution was developed, with the help of which the chloride redistribution after application of a system sealing surface protective coating can be calculated under the idealized assumption of complete water saturation of the concrete. Furthermore, the influence of the dehydration of the concrete, expected as a result of the application of the repair principle W‐Cl, on the chloride redistribution was investigated. On the basis of laboratory tests and numerical simulations, material‐specific reduction functions were developed to quantify the relationship between the chloride diffusion coefficient and the ambient humidity.
miR‐155 increases stemness and decitabine resistance in triple‐negative breast cancer cells by inhibiting TSPAN5
Authors: Yang La‐Wei , Wu Xian‐Jin , Liang Yi , Ye Guang‐Qing , Che Yuchuan , Wu Xue‐Zhen , Zhu Xiao‐Jie , Fan Huo‐Liang , Fan Xiang‐Ping , Xu Jun‐Fa 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEffective therapeutic targets for triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC), a special type of breast cancer (BC) with rapid metastasis and poor prognosis, are lacking, especially for patients with chemotherapy resistance. Decitabine (DCA) is a Food and Drug Administration‐approved DNA methyltransferase inhibitor that has been proven effective for the treatment of tumors. However, its antitumor effect in cancer cells is limited by multidrug resistance. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are thought to act as seeds during tumor formation, regulate tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance through complex signaling. Our previous study found that miR‐155 is upregulated in BC, but whether and how miR‐155 regulates DCA resistance is unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that miR‐155 was upregulated in CD24−CD44+ BC stem cells (BCSCs). In addition, the overexpression of miR‐155 increased the number of CD24−CD44+ CSCs, DCA resistance and tumor clone formation in MDA‐231 and BT‐549 BC cells, and knockdown of miR‐155 inhibited DCA resistance and stemness in BCSCs in vitro. Moreover, miR‐155 induced stemness and DCA resistance by inhibiting the direct target gene tetraspanin‐5 (TSPAN5). We further confirmed that overexpression of TSPAN5 abrogated the effect of miR‐155 in promoting stemness and DCA resistance in BC cells. Our data show that miR‐155 increases stemness and DCA resistance in BC cells by targeting TSPAN5. These data provide a therapeutic strategy and mechanistic basis for future possible clinical applications targeting the miR‐155/TSPAN5 signaling axis in the treatment of TNBC.
Silicon solar cell–integrated stress and temperature sensors for photovoltaic modules
Authors: Beinert Andreas J. , Imm Mark , Benick Jan , Becker Felix , Seitz Sonja , Heinrich Martin , Paul Oliver , Glunz Stefan W. , Aktaa Jarir , Eitner Ulrich , Neuhaus Holger 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe propose silicon solar cell–integrated stress and temperature sensors as a new approach for the stress and temperature measurement in photovoltaic (PV) modules. The solar cell–integrated sensors enable a direct and continuous in situ measurement of mechanical stress and temperature of solar cells within PV modules. In this work, we present a proof of concept for stress and temperature sensors on a silicon solar cell wafer. Both sensors were tested in a conventional PV module setup. For the stress sensor, a sensitivity of (−47.41 ± 0.14)%/GPa has been reached, and for the temperature sensor, a sensitivity of (3.557 ± 0.008) × 10−3 K−1 has been reached. These sensors can already be used in research for increased measurement accuracy of the temperature and the mechanical stress in PV modules because of the implementation at the precise location of the solar cells within a laminate stack, for process evaluation, in‐situ measurements in reliability tests, and the correlation with real exposure to climates.
Nucleocytoplasmic transport of intrinsically disordered proteins studied by high‐speed super‐resolution microscopy
Authors: Junod Samuel L. , Kelich Joseph M. , Ma Jiong , Yang Weidong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBoth natively folded and intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) destined for the nucleus need to transport through the nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) in eukaryotic cells. NPCs allow for passive diffusion of small folded proteins while barricading large ones, unless they are facilitated by nuclear transport receptors. However, whether nucleocytoplasmic transport of IDPs would follow these rules remains unknown. By using a high‐speed super‐resolution fluorescence microscopy, we have measured transport kinetics and 3D spatial locations of transport routes through native NPCs for various IDPs. Our data revealed that the rules executed for folded proteins are not well followed by the IDPs. Instead, both large and small IDPs can passively diffuse through the NPCs. Furthermore, their diffusion efficiencies and routes are differentiated by their content ratio of charged (Ch) and hydrophobic (Hy) amino acids. A Ch/Hy‐ratio mechanism was finally suggested for nucleocytoplasmic transport of IDPs.