bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distal radial access in the anatomical snuffbox for neurointerventions: a feasibility, safety, and proof-of-concept study
Authors: Kühn Anna Luisa , de Macedo Rodrigues Katyucia , Singh Jasmeet , Massari Francesco , Puri Ajit S 
Published: January 2020

PurposeTo report the first use of distal radial artery (dRA) access for a variety of neurointerventions and to demonstrate the safety and feasibility of this approach.MethodsA retrospective review of our prospective neurointerventional database of endovascular interventions was conducted and, between May and October 2019, all patients in whom the intervention was performed via dRA in the anatomical snuffbox were identified. Patient demographics, clinical information, procedural and radiographic data were collected.Results48 patients with a mean age of 64.4 years (range 35–84 years) were included. 27 patients were female. dRA access was achieved in all cases. Conversion to femoral access was required in five cases (10.4%) due to tortuous vessel anatomy and limited support of the catheters in the aortic arch. Interventions performed included aneurysm treatment (with flow diverters, Woven EndoBridge device placement, coiling or stent-assisted coiling), arteriovenous malformation and dural arteriovenous fistula embolization, carotid artery stentings, stroke thrombectomy, thrombolysis for central retinal artery occlusion, intracranial stenting, middle meningeal artery embolization, vasospasm treatment, and spinal angiography with embolization. Radial artery vasospasm was seen in two cases and successfully treated with antispasmolytic medication. No symptomatic radial artery occlusion or ischemic event was observed.ConclusiondRA access is safe and effective for a variety of neurointerventions. Our preliminary experience with this approach is very promising and shows high patient satisfaction.
Early non-response to certolizumab pegol in rheumatoid arthritis predicts failure to achieve low disease activity at 1 year: data from a prospective observational study
Authors: Saraux Alain , Flipo René-Marc , Fagnani Francis , Massol Jacques , Cukierman Gabrielle , Joubert Jean-Michel , Huot-Marchand Philippe , Combe Bernard 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of clinical criteria for predicting late treatment failure in patients with early non-response to certolizumab pegol (CZP).MethodsA protocol-specified analysis of interim data from ECLAIR, a 3-year longitudinal, prospective, observational, multicentre study of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) initiating CZP treatment in France, was conducted. Clinical measures assessed were Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI), Disease Activity Score-28 with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28(ESR)) and Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI). Early non-response was measured at 3 months (M3) and failure to achieve low disease activity (LDA) at 12 months (M12).Results574/792 enrolled patients were treated at M3. The numbers available for predictability analyses were 532 (CDAI), 434 (DAS28(ESR)) and 496 (HAQ-DI). Of the three indices evaluated, the highest predictor of non-response value was observed for the CDAI (88.8% (95% CI 81.0 to 94.1)), indicating that up to 88% of patients identified as non-responders at M3 failed to achieve LDA at M12, regardless of baseline disease severity or treatment history. The specificity for this measure was also very high (96.0%), indicating that less than 5% of patients who achieved CDAI response at M12 had not responded at M3. Similar predictability was observed for DAS28(ESR), but only in patients with high disease activity at baseline and/or those previously treated by a biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug.ConclusionCDAI non-response at M3 is a predictor of failure to achieve the therapeutic target of LDA at M12 in patients with RA initiating treatment with CZP.
Zinc supplementation ameliorates lung injury by reducing neutrophil recruitment and activity
Authors: Wessels Inga , Pupke Johanna Theresa , von Trotha Klaus-Thilo , Gombert Alexander , Himmelsbach Anika , Fischer Henrike Josephine , Jacobs Michael J , Rink Lothar , Grommes Jochen 
Published: January 2020

IntroductionZinc is well known for its anti-inflammatory effects, including regulation of migration and activity of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). Zinc deficiency is associated with inflammatory diseases such as acute lung injury (ALI). As deregulated neutrophil recruitment and their hyper-activation are hallmarks of ALI, benefits of zinc supplementation on the development of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced ALI were tested.Methods64 C57Bl/6 mice, split into eight groups, were injected with 30 µg zinc 24 hours before exposure to aerosolised LPS for 4 hours. Zinc homoeostasis was characterised measuring serum and lung zinc concentrations as well as metallothionein-1 expression. Recruitment of neutrophils to alveolar, interstitial and intravascular space was assessed using flow cytometry. To determine the extent of lung damage, permeability and histological changes and the influx of protein into the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured. Inflammatory status and PMN activity were evaluated via tumour necrosis factor α levels and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. The effects of zinc supplementation prior to LPS stimulation on activation of primary human granulocytes and integrity of human lung cell monolayers were assessed as well.ResultsInjecting zinc 24 hours prior to LPS-induced ALI indeed significantly decreased the recruitment of neutrophils to the lungs and prevented their hyperactivity and thus lung damage was decreased. Results from in vitro investigations using human cells suggest the transferability of the finding to human disease, which remains to be tested in more detail.ConclusionZinc supplementation attenuated LPS-induced lung injury in a murine ALI model. Thus, the usage of zinc-based strategies should be considered to prevent detrimental consequences of respiratory infection and lung damage in risk groups.
TXA (Tranexamic Acid) Risk Evaluation in Combat Casualties (TRECC)
Authors: Adair Kathleen E , Patrick Joshua D , Kliber Eric J , Peterson Matthew N , Holland Seth R 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThe use of tranexamic acid (TXA) has become increasingly prevalent for hemorrhage prevention in military trauma patients due to its known survival benefits. There is concern of increased venous thromboembolism (VTE) subsequent to receiving TXA. The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the rate of VTE in severely injured military personnel during Operation Enduring Freedom (2009–2014).MethodsAn analysis of 859 military trauma patients from the 2009–2014 Department of Defense Trauma Registry included subjects with an injury severity score (ISS) >10 and a massive transfusion (MT) (>10 units of blood products in the first 24 hours). Outcomes included a documented VTE (eg, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE)) during the patient’s hospital course. Comparison between those who did/did not receive TXA was analyzed using three separate multiple regression analyses using listwise deletion, systematic replacement and multiple imputation.ResultsSubjects (n=620) met inclusion criteria with 27% (n=169) having a documented VTE. A total of 30% that received TXA had a documented VTE, 26% that did not receive TXA had a documented VTE and 43% (n=264, n=620) of the sample did not have TXA documented as either given or not given. Multiple regression analyses using listwise deletion and systematic replacement of the TXA variable demonstrated no difference in odds of VTE, whereas the multiple imputation analysis demonstrated a 3% increased odds of VTE, a9.4% increased odds of PE and 8.1% decreased odds of DVT with TXA administration.DiscussionTXA use with an ISS >10 and MT resuscitation had a 3% increased odds of VTE and an increased odds of PE, whereas the odds of DVT were found to be decreased after multiple imputation analysis. Further research on the long-term risks and benefits of TXA usage in the military population is recommended.Level of evidenceIV—therapeutic.
Structure, optical and electrical properties of Nb-doped ZnO transparent conductive thin films prepared by co-sputtering method
Authors: Liu Yantao , Wang Wenxia , Ma Jianping , Wang Ying , Ye Wei , Zhang Chao , Chen Jingjing , Li Xinyu , Du Yan 
Published: January 2020

Nb-doped ZnO thin films were fabricated on glass substrates by using co-sputtering with direct-current and radio frequency magnetron sputtering. The structures, optical and electrical performances of Nb-doped ZnO thin films were investigated. The results showed that all thin films have (0 0 2) [Formula: see text]-axis preferential orientation. The minimum resistivity of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]cm and the maximum carrier concentration of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text] were obtained at the direct-current sputtering power of 10[Formula: see text]W, respectively. Nb-doped ZnO thin films have also shown high average transmittance of 89.6%, and lower surface roughness of 2.74[Formula: see text]nm. Meanwhile, a distinct absorption edge in the ultraviolet range of 300–400[Formula: see text]nm was observed in absorbance, the optical band gap of Nb-doped ZnO thin films illustrates an increased tendency with increasing Nb concentration.
Competition for limited neural resources in older adults leads to greater asymmetry of bilateral movements than in young adults
Authors: Woytowicz Elizabeth J. , Sainburg Robert L. , Westlake Kelly P. , Whitall Jill 
Published: January 2020

We previously demonstrated that lateralization in the neural control of predictive and impedance mechanisms is reflected by interlimb differences in control of bilateral tasks. Aging has been shown to reduce lateralization during unilateral performance, presumably due to greater recruitment of the ipsilateral hemisphere. We now hypothesize that aging-related reduction in the efficiency of neural resources should produce greater behavioral asymmetry during bilateral actions that require hemispheric specialization for each arm. This is because simultaneous control of dominant and nondominant arm function should induce competition for hemisphere-specific resources. To test this hypothesis, we now examine the effect of aging (young, n = 20; old, n = 20) on performance of a mechanically coupled task, in which one arm reaches toward targets while the other arm stabilizes against a spring that connects the two arms. Results indicate better dominant arm reaching performance and better nondominant arm stabilizing performance for both groups. Most notably, limb and joint compliance was lower in the dominant arm, leading to dominant arm deficits in stabilizing performance. Group analysis indicated that older adults showed substantially greater asymmetry in stabilizing against the spring load than did the younger adults. We propose that competition for limited neural resources in older adults is associated with reduced contributions of right hemisphere mechanisms to right-dominant arm stabilizing performance, and thus to greater asymmetry of performance. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We provide evidence for greater asymmetry of interlimb differences in bilateral coordination for stabilizing and preserved asymmetry of reaching with aging. These results provide the first evidence for increased lateralization with aging within the context of a complementary bilateral task.
Bacteriuria in Pregnancy in a Danish Contemporary Cohort of Women
Authors: Greve Vinnie H. , Greve Thomas , Helmig Rikke B. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction. The purpose of this study is to describe bacteriuria with regard to the uropathogens found in relation to the frequency of urine culture tests in a contemporary cohort of pregnant Danish women. Methods. A historical cohort study of 24,817 pregnant women registered in the Danish Fetal Medicine Database at Aarhus University Hospital, from 2010 to 2014. Social security numbers were linked to the microbiological database with the registration of 17,233 urine cultures in 8,807 women. Bacteriuria was defined as 1×105 CFU/ml, with a maximum of two urinary pathogens. Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) was included with 1×104 CFU/ml. Data are presented as numbers and proportions in percent. Logistic regression on predictors are presented as crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORc/ORa) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results. 42% had a urine sample culture test at the hospital—the majority only once during pregnancy. 96% of all urine culture tests were negative. The bacteriuria incidence was 5.6%. The most frequent uropathogenic bacteria isolated were Escherichia coli (49%), GBS (29%), and Enterococci (10%). We identified subgroups of women with increased likelihood of bacteriuria during pregnancy: age<25 years, ORa 1.60 (CI 1.26 to 2.02, p<0.001); age>34 years, ORa 1.28 (CI 1.01 to 1.61, p=0.040); Afro-Caribbean origin, ORa 1.872 (CI 1.13 to 3.07, p=0.014); Asian origin, ORa 2.07 (CI 1.29 to 3.32, p=0.002); and mixed ethnicity ORa 2.34 (CI 1.23 to 4.46, p=0.010). Women delivering preterm were more likely to have an episode of bacteriuria during pregnancy OR 2.05 (CI 1.36 to 3.09, p=0.001). Conclusions. 96% of urine culture tests in pregnant women are negative. Optimized urine sampling may change this. Escherichia coli and GBS are predominant uropathogens. Younger and elder women, certain ethnical groups, and women delivering preterm seem more likely to have bacteriuria during pregnancy.
10D1F, an Anti-HER3 Antibody That Uniquely Blocks the Receptor Heterodimerization Interface, Potently Inhibits Tumor Growth Across a Broad Panel of Tumor Models
Authors: Thakkar Dipti , Sancenon Vicente , Taguiam Marvin M. , Guan Siyu , Wu Zhihao , Ng Eric , Paszkiewicz Konrad H. , Ingram Piers J. , Boyd-Kirkup Jerome D. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

In recent years, HER3 has increasingly been implicated in the progression of a variety of tumor types and in acquired resistance to EGFR and HER2 therapies. Whereas EGFR and HER2 primarily signal through the MAPK pathway, HER3, as a heterodimer with EGFR or HER2, potently activates the PI3K pathway. Despite its critical role, previous attempts to target HER3 with neutralizing antibodies have shown disappointing efficacy in the clinic, most likely due to suboptimal and indirect mechanisms of action that fail to completely block heterodimerization; for example, tumors can escape inhibition of ligand binding by upregulating ligand-independent mechanisms of HER3 activation. We therefore developed 10D1F, a picomolar affinity, highly specific anti-HER3 neutralizing antibody that binds the HER3 heterodimerization interface, a region that was hitherto challenging to raise antibodies against. We demonstrate that 10D1F potently inhibits both EGFR:HER3 and HER2:HER3 heterodimerization to durably suppress activation of the PI3K pathway in a broad panel of tumor models. Even as a monotherapy, 10D1F shows superior inhibition of tumor growth in the same cell lines both in vitro and in mouse xenograft experiments, when compared with other classes of anti-HER3 antibodies. This includes models demonstrating ligand-independent activation of heterodimerization as well as constitutively activating mutations in the MAPK pathway. Possessing favorable pharmacokinetic and toxicologic profiles, 10D1F uniquely represents a new class of anti-HER3 neutralizing antibodies with a novel mechanism of action that offers significant potential for broad clinical benefit.
10D1F is a novel anti-HER3 antibody that uniquely binds the receptor dimerization interface to block ligand-dependent and independent heterodimerization with EGFR/HER2 and thus more potently inhibits tumor growth than existing anti-HER3 antibodies.
Acalabrutinib plus Obinutuzumab in Treatment-Naïve and Relapsed/Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Woyach Jennifer A. , Blachly James S. , Rogers Kerry A. , Bhat Seema A. , Jianfar Mojgan , Lozanski Gerard , Weiss David M. , Andersen Barbara L. , Gulrajani Michael , Frigault Melanie M. , Hamdy Ahmed , Izumi Raquel , Munugalavadla Veerendra , Quah Cheng , Wang Min-Hui , Byrd John C. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Acalabrutinib is a selective irreversible Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor that does not affect IL2-associated tyrosine kinase or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, making it an attractive candidate for combination therapy with anti-CD20 antibodies. We investigated acalabrutinib plus obinutuzumab in a phase Ib/II study (NCT02296918) of patients with treatment-naïve or relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Nineteen treatment-naïve and 26 relapsed/refractory patients were treated with acalabrutinib (100 mg twice daily) until progression and obinutuzumab (cycle 1: 100 mg day 1, 900 mg day 2, 1000 mg days 8 and 15; cycles 2–6: 1,000 mg day 1). Grade 3/4 adverse events occurred in 71% of patients. Overall response rates were 95% (treatment-naïve) and 92% (relapsed/refractory). Thirty-two percent of treatment-naïve and 8% of relapsed/refractory patients achieved complete remission. At 36 months, 94% (treatment-naïve) and 88% (relapsed/refractory) were progression free. Acalabrutinib plus obinutuzumab was well tolerated, producing high and durable responses in treatment-naïve and relapsed/refractory CLL.

Significance:
Rituximab plus the less selective BTK inhibitor ibrutinib has not shown benefit in CLL; however, the selective BTK inhibitor acalabrutinib plus the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity–enhanced antibody obinutuzumab yielded durable responses that deepened over time in treatment-naïve and relapsed/refractory CLL, supporting the evaluation of this approach in larger, comparative studies in CLL.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 327
Dual Antiplatelet Therapy after Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Minor Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Zhao Guangjian , Lin Fanzhen , Wang Ziran , Shao Xiaolin , Gong Yanxue , Zhang Shirui , Cui Yansen , Yang Daiqun , Lei Hongyan , Cheng Zhongrong , Wang Liquan , Guo Dongdong , Zhang Qinghua 
Published: January 2020

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> To verify the efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet therapy after intravenous thrombolysis for acute minor ischemic stroke (AMIS). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> AMIS patients who received recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) intravenous thrombolysis from January to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into the aspirin (ASP) and ASP + clopidogrel (ASP-CLO) groups based on the type of antiplatelet therapy to compare the rates of good clinical outcome, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (SICH) after thrombolysis, and mortality in 90 days. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 207 patients were included (group ASP, 105 patients; group ASP-CLO, 102 patients). There was no significant difference in the baseline clinical data between the 2 groups. The ­90-day modified Rankin scale scores (66.7 vs. 82.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.009) showed a statistically significant difference, but SICH (1.0 vs. 1.0%, <i>p</i> = 0.917) and 90-day mortality (1.9 vs. 1.0%, <i>p</i> = 0.585) showed no significant difference between the 2 groups. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Short-term (21 days) dual antiplatelet therapy after rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis for AMIS can improve the prognosis, reduce the risk of stroke recurrence, without increasing the risk of bleeding and mortality.
Diastolic Blood Pressure Is Associated With Regional White Matter Lesion Load
Authors: Caunca Michelle R. , Simonetto Marialaura , Cheung Ying Kuen , Alperin Noam , Lee Sang H. , Elkind Mitchell S.V. , Sacco Ralph L. , Rundek Tatjana , Wright Clinton B. 
Published: January 2020

Background and Purpose—
Few studies have examined the separate contributions of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressures (DBP) on subclinical cerebrovascular disease, especially using the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Blood Pressure Guidelines. Furthermore, associations with region-specific white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV) are underexplored.

Methods—
Using data from the NOMAS (Northern Manhattan Study), a prospective cohort study of stroke risk and cognitive aging, we examined associations between systolic blood pressure and DBP, defined by the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines, with regional WMHV. We used a linear mixed model approach to account for the correlated nature of regional brain measures.

Results—

The analytic sample (N=1205; mean age 64±8 years) consisted of 61% women and 66% Hispanics/Latinos. DBP levels were significantly related to WMHV differentially across regions (
P
for interaction<0.05). Relative to those with DBP 90+ mm Hg, participants with DBP <80 mm Hg had 13% lower WMHV in the frontal lobe (95% CI, −21% to −3%), 11% lower WMHV in the parietal lobe (95% CI, −19% to −1%), 22% lower WMHV in the anterior periventricular region (95% CI, −30% to −14%), and 16% lower WMHV in the posterior periventricular region (95% CI, −24% to −6%). Participants with DBP 80 to 89 mm Hg also exhibited about 12% (95% CI, −20% to −3%) lower WMHV in the anterior periventricular region and 9% (95% CI, −18% to −0.4%) lower WMHV in the posterior periventricular region, relative to participants with DBP 90≥ mm Hg. Post hoc pairwise
t
tests showed that estimates for periventricular WMHV were significantly different from estimates for temporal WMHV (Holms stepdown–adjusted
P
<0.05). Systolic blood pressure was not strongly related to regional WMHV.

Conclusions—
Lower DBP levels, defined by the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines, were related to lower white matter lesion load, especially in the periventricular regions relative to the temporal region.
A Global Drought and Flood Catalogue from 1950 to 2016
Authors: He Xiaogang , Pan Ming , Wei Zhongwang , Wood Eric F. , Sheffield Justin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHydrological extremes, in the form of droughts and floods, have impacts on a wide range of sectors including water availability, food security, and energy production. Given continuing large impacts of droughts and floods and the expectation for significant regional changes projected in the future, there is an urgent need to provide estimates of past events and their future risk, globally. However, current estimates of hydrological extremes are not robust and accurate enough, due to lack of long-term data records, standardized methods for event identification, geographical inconsistencies, and data uncertainties. To tackle these challenges, this article presents the development of the first Global Drought and Flood Catalogue (GDFC) for 1950–2016 by merging the latest in situ and remote sensing datasets with state-of-the-art land surface and hydrodynamic modeling to provide a continuous and consistent estimate of the terrestrial water cycle and its extremes. This GDFC also includes an unprecedented level of detailed analysis of drought and large-scale flood events using univariate and multivariate risk assessment frameworks, which incorporates regional spatial–temporal characteristics (i.e., duration, spatial extent, severity) and global hazard maps for different return periods. This Catalogue forms a basis for analyzing the changing risk of droughts and floods and can underscore national and international climate change assessments and provide a key reference for climate change studies and climate model evaluations. It also contributes to the growing interests in multivariate and compounding risk analysis.