bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Binocularity in Accommodative Esotropia
Authors: Wilson M Edward , Bluestein Ettaleah C , Parks Marshall M 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
One hundred twenty-seven medical records of patients with accommodative esotropia met our inclusion criteria and were analyzed. All included patients were within 10 prism diopters of orthophoria and had stereopsis and other binocular sensory test results recorded at their latest visit. Bifixation, defined as stereopsis of 50 arc seconds or better, was present in 31 patients (24%) with an average follow up of 89 months. Monofixation (peripheral fusion) was present in the remaining 96 patients (76%) with an average follow up of 84 months. Patients with bifixation were less likely to have presented with constant esotropia (19% vs 39% [P = .04]) and were more likely to be aligned within 8 ? of orthophoria In their first glasses (84% vs 21% [P < .0001]). No patient with bifixation had constant esotropia longer than 4 months. In addition, patients with bifixation were less likely to have worn bifocals (39% vs 59% [P = .09]), or undergone esotropia surgery (23% vs 62% [P < .0001]) or patching for amblyopia (16% vs 52% [P < .0001]). These data suggest that maintenance of bifixation is possible in accommodative esotropia If the eyes are straightened before or shortly after the esodeviation becomes constant. With this early therapy, amblyopia and deterioration of ocular alignment are also less likely.
SAETTA: high-resolution 3-D mapping of the total lightning activity in the Mediterranean Basin over Corsica, with a focus on a mesoscale convective system event
Authors: Coquillat Sylvain , Defer Eric , de Guibert Pierre , Lambert Dominique , Pinty Jean-Pierre , Pont Véronique , Prieur Serge , Thomas Ronald J. , Krehbiel Paul R. , Rison William 
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Deployed on the mountainous island of Corsica for thunderstorm
monitoring purposes in the Mediterranean Basin, SAETTA is a network of 12 LMA
(Lightning Mapping Array, designed by New Mexico Tech, USA) stations that
allows the 3-D mapping of very high-frequency (VHF) radiation emitted by cloud discharges in the
60–66 MHz band. It works at high temporal (∼40 ns in each 80 µs time window) and spatial (tens of meters at best) resolution
within a range of about 350 km. Originally deployed in May 2014, SAETTA was
commissioned during the summer and autumn seasons and has now been permanently
operational since April 2016 until at least the end of 2020. We first
evaluate the performances of SAETTA through the radial, azimuthal, and
altitude errors of VHF source localization with the theoretical model of
Thomas et al. (2004). We also compute on a 240 km × 240 km domain
the minimum altitude at which a VHF source can be detected by at least six
stations by taking into account the masking effect of the relief. We then
report the 3-year observations on the same domain in terms of number of
lightning days per square kilometer (i.e., total number of days during which
lightning has been detected in a given 1 km square pixel) and in terms of
lightning days integrated across the domain. The lightning activity is first
maximum in June because of daytime convection driven by solar energy input,
but concentrates on a specific hot spot in July just above the intersection
of the three main valleys. This hot spot is probably due to the low-level
convergence of moist air fluxes from sea breezes channeled by the three
valleys. Lightning activity increases again in September due to numerous
small thunderstorms above the sea and to some high-precipitation events.
Finally we report lightning observations of unusual high-altitude discharges
associated with the mesoscale convective system of 8 June 2015. Most of
them are small discharges on top of an intense convective core during
convective surges. They are considered in the flash classification of Thomas
et al. (2003) to be small–isolated and short–isolated flashes. The other high-altitude discharges, much less numerous, are long-range flashes that develop
through the stratiform region and suddenly undergo upward propagations
towards an uppermost thin layer of charge. This latter observation is
apparently consistent with the recent conceptual model of Dye and Bansemer (2019) that explains such an upper-level layer of charge in the stratiform
region by the development of a non-riming ice collisional charging in a
mesoscale updraft.
An integrated evaluation of the National Water Model (NWM)–Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND) flood mapping methodology
Authors: Johnson J. Michael , Munasinghe Dinuke , Eyelade Damilola , Cohen Sagy 
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Flood maps are needed for emergency response, research, and planning. The Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND) technique is a low-complexity, terrain-based approach for inundation mapping using elevation data, discharge–height relationships, and streamflow inputs. The recent operational capacities of the NOAA National Water Model (NWM) and
preprocessed HAND products from the University of Texas offer an operational framework for real-time and forecast flood guidance across the US. In this study, we evaluate the integrated National Water
Model –Height Above Nearest Drainage (NWM–HAND) flood mapping approach
using 28 remotely sensed inundation maps and 54 reach-level catchments. The
results show the NWM–HAND method tends to underpredict inundated cells in
4th-order and lower-order reaches but does better with a slight tendency to overpredict in high-order reaches. An evaluation of the roughness coefficient used in the production of synthetic rating curves suggests it is the most important parameter for correcting these errors. Persistent inaccuracies do occur when NWM streamflow predictions are substantially biased (>60 % mean absolute error between NWM and observed streamflow) and in regions of low relief. Overall, the NWM–HAND method does not accurately capture inundated cells but is quite capable of highlighting regions likely to be at risk in 4th-order streams and higher. While NWM–HAND should be used with caution when identifying flood boundaries or making decisions of whether a cell is dry or wet, its applicability as a high-level guidance tool along larger rivers is
noteworthy.
Vatican II, Medellin, and Ecumenism: A Brazilian Protestant Perspective
Authors: Barreto Raimundo C. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
The Latin American participation in the Second Vatican Council and the Vatican II reception, interpretation, and transformation at the Second General Conference of the Latin American Episcopal Council (CELAM) in Medellin (1968) marked the beginning of a new ecumenical era that engendered popular collaboration among Latin American Catholics and Protestants based mostly on concerns for justice, democracy, human rights, and citizenship. The new era was informed by a strong commitment to solidarity with the oppressed. The rise, in particular, of ecumenismo popular is an important contribution from Latin America to the broader ecumenical movement. The new windows opened in Medellin for church and society in Latin America remain critical for the continuous construction of an ecumenical agenda in the twenty-first century.
Índice de vulnerabilidad ante efectos del cambio climático: Choluteca, Honduras
Authors: Paz Delgado Ana Carolina 
Published: November 2019

Por su situación geográfica y características socioeconómicas, Honduras es considerado uno de los países más vulnerables del mundo ante los impactos del cambio climático; ya que su ubicación favorece el paso de los fenómenos climáticos extremos como huracanes y tormentas tropicales que, año con año azotan al país, situación que debilita su frágil economía frenando el desarrollo sostenible. Uno de los departamentos altamente afectados por el cambio climático, es el departamento de Choluteca, ubicado en la zona sur del país. En ese contexto el presente artículo analiza la situación de vulnerabilidad de los municipios del departamento de Choluteca ante los efectos del cambio climático mediante la construcción de un índice de vulnerabilidad. Se parte desde una visión retrospectiva, estimando los municipios que han sido más vulnerables, comprende el grado de exposición al riesgo, que enfrenta la población a eventos climáticos, así como a la sensibilidad al ser afectado por un desastre natural y la capacidad de adaptación tanto del gobierno local como de sus habitantes, desde un aspecto sociodemográfico y ambiental.
Mediante el análisis de indicadores sociodemográficos a nivel municipal, se identificó la población de los municipios de Choluteca más vulnerables ante el riesgo de los efectos del cambio climático, considerando que se han visto afectados por desastres naturales, con repercusiones en diversos aspectos de la vida. Uno de los impactos más sensibles es la seguridad alimentaria de la población, a la par del descenso en el nivel de ingreso de las familias que, ante este tipo de situaciones, toma la decisión de migrar a nivel interno o internacional, lo que tiene consecuencias en el descenso de la fecundidad y la composición de los hogares, entre otros.
Do saber ao ser: reflexões sobre a formação do médico de família e comunidade em serviço territorial de base comunitária
Authors: Marques André Cordeiro 
Published: November 2019

Objetivos: O presente estudo buscou a partir das reflexões sobre o processo de execução e manutenção de um grupo para a promoção de saúde em uma unidade de atenção primária em saúde no município de Fortaleza, CE, sistematizar a experiência de organização, execução e manutenção de um grupo para a promoção da saúde em uma unidade de atenção primária em saúde no município de Fortaleza, CE correlacionando a experiência do processo grupal com os referenciais teóricos da Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS) e da Abordagem Sistêmica Comunitária (ASC), apontar desafios e potencialidades dessa abordagem no contexto da APS e seu potencial impacto sobre a saúde das comunidades e sobre a formação de especialistas em Medicina de Família e Comunidade. Métodos: Utilizou-se uma metodologia de sistematização de experiências em diálogo com as narrativas autobiográficas e o círculo de cultura. Resultados: A recuperação do processo vivido evidenciou o potencial da integração entre ferramentas da ASC, da Educação Popular e do Processo Grupal, ancorados no conhecimento e na aplicação dos princípios norteadores da Medicina de Família e Comunidade para a produção de mudanças no processo de trabalho do profissional médico e no seu contexto de atuação. Conclusão: Ao sistematizar o processo vivido e confrontá-lo com a teoria da implicação do sujeito vieram à tona aspectos do fazer médico na APS que de outra forma permaneceriam restritos e implícitos no modo de Ser Médico de Família e Comunidade. A narrativa propõe questionamentos quanto ao impacto do desse fazer médico sobre a saúde das populações, individual e coletivamente e sobre o próprio profissional enquanto ser humano passível de adoecimento e dotado de infinitas potencialidades. Caminhos possíveis e as possibilidades de mudança e superação do modelo médico-assistencialista hegemônico e vigente foram propostos a partir desta narrativa plena de signos e significados.
Allelic variant in SLC6A3 rs393795 affects cerebral regional homogeneity and gait dysfunction in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Wang Lina , Yuan Yongsheng , Wang Jianwei , Shen Yuting , Zhi Yan , Li Junyi , Wang Min , Zhang Kezhong 
Published: November 2019

Aims
We sought to explore the role of the SLC6A3 rs393795 allelic variant in cerebral spontaneous activity and clinical features in Parkinson’s disease (PD) via imaging genetic approach.

Methods
Our study recruited 50 PD and 45 healthy control (HC) participants to provide clinical, genetic, and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data. All subjects were separated into 16 PD-AA, 34 PD-CA/CC, 14 HC-AA, and 31 HC-CA/CC four subgroups according to SLC6A3 rs393795 genotyping. Afterwards, main effects and interactions of groups (PD versus HC) and genotypes (AA versus CA/CC) on cerebral function reflected by regional homogeneity (ReHo) were explored using two-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) after controlling age and gender. Finally, Spearman’ s correlations were employed to investigate the relationships between significantly interactive brain regions and clinical manifestations in PD subgroups.

Results
Compared with HC subjects, PD patients exhibited increased ReHo signals in left middle temporal gyrus and decreased ReHo signals in left pallidum. Compared with CA/CC carriers, AA genotype individuals showed abnormal increased ReHo signals in right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and supplementary motor area (SMA). Moreover, significant interactions (affected by both disease factor and allelic variation) were detected in right inferior temporal gyrus (ITG). Furthermore, aberrant increased ReHo signals in right ITG were observed in PD-AA in comparison with PD-CA/CC. Notably, ReHo values in right ITG were negatively associated with Tinetti Mobility Test (TMT) gait subscale scores and positively related to Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOG-Q) scores in PD-AA subgroup.

Conclusions
Our findings suggested that SLC6A3 rs393795 allelic variation might have a trend to aggravate the severity of gait disorders in PD patients by altering right SMA and IFG function, and ultimately result in compensatory activation of right ITG. It could provide us with a new perspective for exploring deeply genetic mechanisms of gait disturbances in PD.
MEFV gene mutations in neuro‐Behçet's disease and neuro‐Sweet disease
Authors: Ishikawa Hidehiro , Shindo Akihiro , Ii Yuichiro , Kishida Dai , Niwa Atsushi , Nishiguchi Yamato , Matsuura Keita , Kato Natsuko , Mizutani Akane , Tachibana Kei , Hirata Yoshinori , Matsuyama Hirofumi , Ogawa‐Ito Ai , Taniguchi Akira , Tomimoto Hidekazu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMediterranean fever (MEFV) gene mutations are associated with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Recent studies have suggested that MEFV gene mutations may act as disease modifiers in neuro‐Behçet's (NBD) disease and neuro‐Sweet disease (NSD). We investigated MEFV genes and clinical features in 17 patients with NBD or NSD. MEFV gene mutations were frequently observed (70.6%). Headaches and exertional leg pain were associated with MEFV gene mutations (P < 0.05). Moreover, higher frequency of white matter lesions without sites predilection (P < 0.05) and non‐parenchymal lesions (P < 0.05) were also observed. MEFV gene mutations may be associated with particular findings and lesion sites.
Decorating 3D Printed Scaffolds with Electrospun Nanofiber Segments for Tissue Engineering
Authors: Li Ruiquan , McCarthy Alec , Zhang Yu Shrike , Xie Jingwei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRepairing large tissue defects often represents a great challenge in clinics due to issues regarding lack of donors, mismatched sizes, irregular shapes, and immune rejection. 3D printed scaffolds are attractive for growing cells and producing tissue constructs because of the intricate control over pore size, porosity, and geometric shape, but the lack of biomimetic surface nanotopography and limited biomolecule presenting capacity render them less efficacious in regulating cell responses. Herein, a facile method for coating 3D printed scaffolds with electrospun nanofiber segments is reported. The surface morphology of modified 3D scaffolds changes dramatically, displaying a biomimetic nanofibrous structure, while the bulk mechanical property, pore size, and porosity are not significantly compromised. The short nanofibers‐decorated 3D printed scaffolds significantly promote adhesion and proliferation of pre‐osteoblasts and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Further immobilization of bone morphogenetic protein‐2 mimicking peptides to nanofiber segments‐decorated 3D printed scaffolds show enhanced mRNA expressions of osteogenic markers Runx2, Alp, OCN, and BSP in BMSCs, indicating the enhancement of BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. Together, the combination of 3D printing and electrospinning is a promising approach to greatly expand the functions of 3D printed scaffolds and enhance the efficacy of 3D printed scaffolds for tissue engineering.
Dielectric Modulated Cellulose Paper/PDMS‐Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Wireless Transmission and Electropolymerization Applications
Authors: Shi Kunming , Zou Haiyang , Sun Bin , Jiang Pingkai , He Jinliang , Huang Xingyi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAchieving high output performance is the key in the development of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) for future versatile applications. In this study, a novel TENG assembled with porous cellulose paper and polydimethylsiloxane is demonstrated. Through dielectric modulation of the friction materials by the nanoparticles (i.e., BaTiO3, Ag), the triboelectric outputs increase significantly with the permittivity increase, which is attributed to the enhancement of the charge trapping capability and the surface charge density of the friction materials. The dielectric modulated TENG demonstrates a high output voltage of 88 V and a current of 8.3 µA, corresponding to an output power of 141 µW. Acting as a sensor unit, the TENG can successfully operate in a wireless transmission system, which can remotely monitor the machine operation and deliver the messages associated with finger movements. Moreover, the TENG can also perform as an efficient power source in an electropolymerization system for electropolymerizing polyaniline on a carbon nanotube electrode, holding a great potential to synthesize a high capacitance electrode for supercapacitors. This work provides a simple and efficient way to construct high performance TENGs and promotes their practical applications in the fields of wireless transmission and electropolymerization systems.
Ultrahigh Breakdown Strength and Improved Energy Density of Polymer Nanocomposites with Gradient Distribution of Ceramic Nanoparticles
Authors: Jiang Yanda , Zhang Xin , Shen Zhonghui , Li Xinhui , Yan Jingjing , Li Bao‐Wen , Nan Ce‐Wen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHigh‐energy‐density polymer nanocomposites with high‐dielectric‐constant ceramic nanoparticles as the reinforcement exhibit great potential for energy storage applications in modern electronic and electrical systems. However, the decline of breakdown strength by high loading of ceramic nanoparticles hinders this composite approach from sustainable promotion of energy density. In this work, an approach is proposed and demonstrated by constructing gradient distribution of the spherical ceramic nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. These gradient‐structured nanocomposites possess remarkably improved mechanical and electrical behaviors, which give rise to ultrahigh breakdown strength and much‐promoted energy density. Moreover, this enhancement effect can be further enlarged via increasing the grades number of gradient structures. This work provides an effective strategy for developing flexible high‐energy‐density polymer/ceramic nanocomposites for dielectric and energy storage applications.
Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanofibers on Cu Foil as a 3D Current Collector for Reversible Li Plating/Stripping toward High‐Performance Li–S Batteries
Authors: Chen Yazhou , Elangovan Ayyappan , Zeng Danli , Zhang Yunfeng , Ke Hanzhong , Li Jun , Sun Yubao , Cheng Hansong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA vertically aligned carbon nanofiber (VACNF) array with unique conically stacked graphitic structure directly grown on a planar Cu current collector (denoted as VACNF/Cu) is used as a high‐porosity 3D host to overcome the commonly encountered issues of Li metal anodes. The excellent electrical conductivity and highly active lithiophilic graphitic edge sites facilitate homogenous coaxial Li plating/stripping around each VACNF and forming a uniform solid electrolyte interphase. The high specific surface area effectively reduces the local current density and suppresses dendrite growth during the charging/discharging processes. Meanwhile, this open nanoscale vertical 3D structure eliminates the volume changes during Li plating/stripping. As a result, highly reversible Li plating/stripping with high coulombic efficiency is achieved at various current densities. A low voltage hysteresis of 35 mV over 500 h in symmetric cells is achieved at 1 mA cm−2 with an areal Li plating capacity of 2 mAh cm−2, which is far superior to the planar Cu current collector. Furthermore, a Li–S battery using a S@PAN cathode and a lithium‐plated VACNF/Cu (VACNF/Cu@Li) anode with slightly higher capacity (2 mAh cm−2) exhibits an excellent rate capability and high cycling stability with no capacity fading over 600 cycles.
Precisely Encoded Barcodes Using Tetrapod CdSe/CdS Quantum Dots with a Large Stokes Shift for Multiplexed Detection
Authors: Wu Weijie , Yu Xujiang , Gao Mengyu , Gull Sehrish , Shen Lisong , Wang Weiwei , Li Li , Yin Yue , Li Wanwan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA serious obstacle to the construction of high‐capacity optical barcodes in suspension array technology is energy transfer, which can prompt unpredictable barcode signals, limited barcode numbers, and the need for an unfeasible number of experimental iterations. This work reports an effective and simple way to eliminate energy transfer in multicolor quantum dots (QDs)‐encoded microbeads by incorporating tetrapod CdSe/CdS QDs with a large Stokes shift (about 180 nm). Exploiting this unique feature enables the facile realization of a theoretical 7 × 7‐1 barcoding matrix combining two colors and seven intensity levels. As such, microbeads containing tetrapod CdSe/CdS QDs are demonstrated to possess a powerful encoding capacity which allows for precise barcode design. The ability of the Shirasu porous glass membrane emulsification method to easily control microbead size facilitates the establishment of a 3D barcode library of 144 distinguishable barcodes, indicating the enormous potential to enable large‐scale multiplexed detection. Moreover, when applied for the multiplexed detection of five common allergens, these barcodes exhibit superior detection performance (limit of detection: 0.01–0.02 IU mL−1) for both spiked and patient serum samples. Therefore, this new coding strategy helps to expand barcoding capacity while simultaneously reducing the technical and economic barriers to the optical encoding of microbeads for high‐throughput multiplexed detection.