bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnant Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Future Cardiovascular Outcomes
Authors: Simard Julia F. , Rossides Marios , Arkema Elizabeth V. , Svenungsson Elisabet , Wikström Anna‐Karin , Mittleman Murray A. , Salmon Jane E. 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveHypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) increase cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Pregnancy morbidities, including preeclampsia and CVD, are common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Possible connections are important to explore. In a population‐based cohort, we investigated whether HDPs are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular outcomes separately in women with SLE and those without SLE to examine the role of SLE.MethodsWe identified first singleton births in the Medical Birth Register (1987–2012) among mothers with SLE and a large general population comparison group. Discharge diagnoses for HDPs, cardiovascular outcomes, and hypertension in the National Patient Register were identified using International Classification of Diseases codes. We estimated adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the association between HDPs and outcomes in separate models in women with and without SLE. We then evaluated additive and multiplicative effect modification using relative excess risk due to interaction and Cox models jointly accounting for SLE and HDPs, respectively. Mediation analysis estimated the proportion of the association between SLE and outcome explained by HDPs.ResultsHDPs were more common in pregnant women with SLE (20% versus 7%). In SLE, HDPs were associated with a 2‐fold higher rate of cardiovascular outcomes and a 3‐fold higher rate of incident hypertension. HDPs mediated 20% of the latter association. In women without SLE, HDPs were associated with higher incidence of hypertension later in life.ConclusionIn women with SLE and those without SLE, HDPs were associated with a 3‐fold higher rate of hypertension. In SLE, women with HDPs developed cardiovascular outcomes twice as often as women without HDPs.
Long‐Circulating Drug‐Dye‐Based Micelles with Ultrahigh pH‐Sensitivity for Deep Tumor Penetration and Superior Chemo‐Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Song Cunfeng , Li Yugang , Li Tianliang , Yang Yuming , Huang Zhicheng , de la Fuente Jesús Martinez , Ni Jian , Cui Daxiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNanocarriers for chemo‐photothermal therapy suffer from insufficient retention at the tumor site and poor penetration into tumor parenchyma. A smart drug‐dye‐based micelle is designed by making the best of the structural features of small‐molecule drugs. P‐DOX is synthesized by conjugating doxorubicin (DOX) with poly(4‐formylphenyl methacrylate‐co‐2‐(diethylamino) ethyl methacrylate)‐b‐polyoligoethyleneglycol methacrylate (P(FPMA‐co‐DEA)‐b‐POEGMA) via imine linkage. Through the π–π stacking interaction, IR780, a near‐infrared fluorescence dye as well as a photothermal agent, is integrated into the micelles (IR780‐PDMs) with the P‐DOX. The IR780‐PDMs show remarkably long blood circulation (t1/2β = 22.6 h). As a result, a progressive tumor accumulation and retention are presented, which is significant to the sequential drug release. Moreover, when entering into a moderate acidic tumor microenvironment, IR780‐PDMs can dissociate into small‐size conjugates and IR780, which obviously increases the penetration depth of drugs, and then improves the lethality to deep‐seated tumor cells. Owing to the high delivery efficiency and superior chemo‐photothermal therapeutic efficacy of IR780‐PDMs, 97.6% tumor growth in the A549 tumor‐bearing mice is suppressed with a low dose of intravenous injection (DOX, 1.5 mg kg−1; IR780, 0.8 mg kg−1). This work presents a brand‐new strategy for long‐acting intensive cancer therapy.
Antiferromagnetic Inverse Spinel Oxide LiCoVO4 with Spin‐Polarized Channels for Water Oxidation
Authors: Chen Riccardo Ruixi , Sun Yuanmiao , Ong Samuel Jun Hoong , Xi Shibo , Du Yonghua , Liu Chuntai , Lev Ovadia , Xu Zhichuan J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractExploring highly efficient catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for water electrolysis. Cost‐effective transition‐metal oxides with reasonable activity are raising attention. Recently, OER reactants' and products' differing spin configurations have been thought to cause slow reaction kinetics. Catalysts with magnetically polarized channels could selectively remove electrons with opposite magnetic moment and conserve overall spin during OER, enhancing triplet state oxygen molecule evolution. Herein, antiferromagnetic inverse spinel oxide LiCoVO4 is found to contain d7 Co2+ ions that can be stabilized under active octahedral sites, possessing high spin states S = 3/2 (t2g5eg2). With high spin configuration, each Co2+ ion has an ideal magnetic moment of 3 µB, allowing the edge‐shared Co2+ octahedra in spinel to be magnetically polarized. Density functional theory simulation results show that the layered antiferromagnetic LiCoVO4 studied contains magnetically polarized channels. The average magnetic moment (µave) per transition‐metal atom in the spin conduction channel is around 2.66 µB. Such channels are able to enhance the selective removal of spin‐oriented electrons from the reactants during the OER, which facilitates the accumulation of appropriate magnetic moments for triplet oxygen molecule evolution. In addition, the LiCoVO4 reported has been identified as an oxide catalyst with excellent OER activity.
High‐Performance Flexible Bioelectrocatalysis Bioassay System Based on a Triphase Interface
Authors: Cheng Qingqing , Zhang Jun , Wang Haili , Wang Dandan , Feng Xinjian , Jiang Lei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFlexible biosensor technologies are essential for the development of noninvasive bioassays such as those based on sweat or interstitial fluid analysis. Cathodic measurement of oxidase catalytic product H2O2 is an ideal principle for analyte detection, with O2 serving as an electron mediator. Herein, the authors report a flexible bioassay system comprising a flexible superhydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane micropillar array substrate, a noble metal H2O2 electrocatalyst‐decorated carbon nanotube film, and an oxidase enzyme top layer. The flexible bioassay system possesses a solid–liquid–air triphase bioelectrocatalysis reaction interface where oxygen levels are air phase dependent, hence constant and sufficient, which enhances and stabilizes the oxidase kinetics. In comparison with conventional flexible diphase bioassay systems, when used for analyte detection including but are not limited to glucose, choline, and lactate in body fluids, the triphase bioassay system displays a wide linear dynamic range and high selectivity. Moreover, the flexible bioassay system remains intact and fully operational after being bent over 500 times. Such a system should greatly promote the development of noninvasive biosensors for the monitoring of physiological biomarkers.
Ten‐Gram‐Scale Synthesis of FAPbX3 Perovskite Nanocrystals by a High‐Power Room‐Temperature Ultrasonic‐Assisted Strategy and Their Electroluminescence
Authors: Dou Yongjiang , Wang Sheng , Zhang Chengxi , Luo Hongde , Li Xiaomin , Wang Haoran , Cao Fan , Shen Piaoyang , Zhang Jianhua , Yang Xuyong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMetal halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have shown significant potential in light‐emitting applications due to the unique luminous properties, such as high color purity, tunability, and solution processability. However, the large‐scale production of perovskite NCs with high‐quality for meeting the commercial applications is still a challenge. Herein, a facile room‐temperature synthesis of ten‐gram‐scale FAPbX3 (FA+ = HC(NH2)2+, X = Br, or mixed halide system Cl/Br and Br/I) NCs by a high‐power ultrasonic‐assisted strategy and the electroluminescence for light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) is reported. The uniform high‐power radiation avoids the adverse effects caused by heating and stirring unevenness, and no inert gas is needed in the reaction process. Meanwhile, the room temperature reaction reduces the crystallization rate of the NCs, leading to the successful synthesis of ten‐gram‐scale high‐quality FAPbX3 perovskite NCs. The resulting NCs show size‐focus distribution and high photoluminescence quantum yields of 93%, and the adjustable photoluminescence spectra from 453 to 695 nm by manipulating halide compositions. Attributed to the acquired FAPbBr3 NCs, a high‐efficiency green LED with the maximum current efficiency of 61.3 cd A−1 and external quantum efficiency of 14.1% is also obtained.
Multicolor Broadband and Fast Photodetector Based on InGaAs–Insulator–Graphene Hybrid Heterostructure
Authors: Cao Gaoqi , Wang Fang , Peng Meng , Shao Xiumei , Yang Bo , Hu Weida , Li Xue , Chen Jing , Shan Yabin , Wu Peisong , Hu Laigui , Liu Ran , Gong Haimei , Cong Chunxiao , Qiu Zhi‐Jun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBroadband light detection is crucial for a variety of optoelectronic applications in modern society. As an important‐near infrared (NIR) photodetector, InGaAs PIN photodiodes demonstrate high detection performance. However, they have a limited response range because of optical absorption by the window layer or substrate. To exploit the broadband absorption capability of narrow‐bandgap InGaAs, a phototransistor based on a hybrid InGaAs‐SiO2‐graphene heterostructure is presented. In this system, graphene serves as a transparent conducting channel to sense optical absorption in the InGaAs. In contrast to InGaAs PIN photodiodes, the hybrid InGaAs phototransistor demonstrates multicolor photodetection over a broadband wavelength range from the ultraviolet to NIR. Furthermore, it manifests a high photoresponsivity of above 103 A W−1 under weak light irradiation, a large external quantum efficiency, and a fast response speed of 200 kHz. The results pave the way for the development of high‐performance broadband photodetectors based on mixed‐dimensional heterostructures.
Tailored TiO2 Protection Layer Enabled Efficient and Stable Microdome Structured p‐GaAs Photoelectrochemical Cathodes
Authors: Cao Shiyao , Kang Zhuo , Yu Yanhao , Du Junli , German Lazarus , Li Jun , Yan Xiaoqin , Wang Xudong , Zhang Yue 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGroup III–V compound semiconductors are a promising group of materials for photoelectrochemical (PEC) applications. In this work, a metal assisted wet etching approach is adapted to acquiring a large‐area patterned microdome structure on p‐GaAs surface. In addition, atomic layer deposition is used to deposit a TiO2 protection layer with controlled thickness and crystallinity. Based on a PEC photocathode design, the optimal configuration achieves a photocurrent of −5 mA cm−2 under −0.8 V versus Ag/AgCl in a neutral pH electrolyte. The TiO2 coating with a particular degree of crystallization deposited via controlled temperature demonstrates a superior stability over amorphous coating, enabling a remarkably stable operation, for as long as 60 h. The enhanced charge separation induced by favorable band alignment between GaAs and TiO2 contributes simultaneously to the elevated solar conversion efficiency. This approach provides a promising solution to further development of group III–V compounds and other photoelectrodes with high efficiency and excellent durability for solar fuel generation.
CsI‐Antisolvent Adduct Formation in All‐Inorganic Metal Halide Perovskites
Authors: Moot Taylor , Marshall Ashley R. , Wheeler Lance M. , Habisreutinger Severin N. , Schloemer Tracy H. , Boyd Caleb C. , Dikova Desislava R. , Pach Gregory F. , Hazarika Abhijit , McGehee Michael D. , Snaith Henry J. , Luther Joseph M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe excellent optoelectronic properties demonstrated by hybrid organic/inorganic metal halide perovskites are all predicated on precisely controlling the exact nucleation and crystallization dynamics that occur during film formation. In general, high‐performance thin films are obtained by a method commonly called solvent engineering (or antisolvent quench) processing. The solvent engineering method removes excess solvent, but importantly leaves behind solvent that forms chemical adducts with the lead‐halide precursor salts. These adduct‐based precursor phases control nucleation and the growth of the polycrystalline domains. There has not yet been a comprehensive study comparing the various antisolvents used in different perovskite compositions containing cesium. In addition, there have been no reports of solvent engineering for high efficiency in all‐inorganic perovskites such as CsPbI3. In this work, inorganic perovskite composition CsPbI3 is specifically targeted and unique adducts formed between CsI and precursor solvents and antisolvents are found that have not been observed for other A‐site cation salts. These CsI adducts control nucleation more so than the PbI2–dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) adduct and demonstrate how the A‐site plays a significant role in crystallization. The use of methyl acetate (MeOAc) in this solvent engineering approach dictates crystallization through the formation of a CsI–MeOAc adduct and results in solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 14.4%.
High Electron Affinity Enables Fast Hole Extraction for Efficient Flexible Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Ru Pengbin , Bi Enbing , Zhang Yao , Wang Yanbo , Kong Weiyu , Sha Yongming , Tang Wentao , Zhang Peng , Wu Yongzhen , Chen Wei , Yang Xudong , Chen Han , Han Liyuan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with low‐temperature processed hole transporting materials (HTMs) suffer from poor performance due to the inferior hole‐extraction capability at the HTM/perovskite interfaces. Here, molecules with controlled electron affinity enable a HTM with conductivity improved by more than ten times and a decreased energy gap between the Fermi level and the valence band from 0.60 to 0.24 eV, leading to the enhancement of hole‐extraction capacity by five times. As a result, the 3,6‐difluoro‐2,5,7,7,8,8‐hexacyanoquinodimethane molecules are used for the first time enhancing open‐circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF) of the PSCs, which enable rigid‐and flexible‐based inverted perovskite devices achieving highest power conversion efficiencies of 22.13% and 20.01%, respectively. This new method significantly enhances the Voc and FF of the PSCs, which can be widely combined with HTMs based on not only NiOx but also PTAA, PEDOTT:PSS, and CuSCN, providing a new way of realizing efficient inverted PSCs.
Highly Dispersed Cobalt Clusters in Nitrogen‐Doped Porous Carbon Enable Multiple Effects for High‐Performance Li–S Battery
Authors: Wang Rui , Yang Jinlong , Chen Xin , Zhao Yan , Zhao Wenguang , Qian Guoyu , Li Shunning , Xiao Yinguo , Chen Hao , Ye Yusheng , Zhou Guangmin , Pan Feng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery is considered a promising candidate for the next generation of energy storage system due to its high specific energy density and low cost of raw materials. However, the practical application of Li–S batteries is severely limited by several weaknesses such as the shuttle effect of polysulfides and the insulation of the electrochemical products of sulfur and Li2S/Li2S2. Here, by doping nitrogen and integrating highly dispersed cobalt catalysts, a porous carbon nanocage derived from glucose adsorbed metal–organic framework is developed as the host for a sulfur cathode. This host structure combines the reported positive effects, including high conductivity, high sulfur loading, effective stress release, fast lithium‐ion kinetics, fast interface charge transport, fast redox of Li2Sn, and strong physical/chemical absorption, achieving a long cycle life (86% of capacity retention at 1C within 500 cycles) and high rate performance (600 mAh g−1 at 5C) for a Li–S battery. By combining experiments and density functional theoretical calculations, it is demonstrated that the well‐dispersed cobalt clusters play an important role in greatly improving the diffusion dynamics of lithium, and enhance the absorption and conversion capability of polysulfides in the host structure.
Effect of Intrinsic Defects of Carbon Materials on the Sodium Storage Performance
Authors: Guo Ruiqi , Lv Chunxiao , Xu Wenjia , Sun Junwei , Zhu Yukun , Yang Xianfeng , Li Junzhi , Sun Jin , Zhang Lixue , Yang Dongjiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDue to their high conductivity and low cost, carbon materials have attracted great attention in the field of energy storage, especially as anode material for sodium ion batteries. Current research focuses on introducing external defects through heteroatom engineering to improve the sodium storage performance of carbon materials. However, there is still a lack of systematic investigation of the effects of intrinsic defects prevalent in carbon materials on sodium storage performance. Herein, template‐assisted method was used to design carbon materials with different degrees of intrinsic defects and explore their sodium storage properties. The experimental results show that the intrinsic defects in the carbon materials facilitates the adsorption behavior of Na+ during the surface induction capacitance process. Among them, the best carbon anode material exhibits high reversible capacity (221 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1) and excellent rate performance. In addition, the density functional theory calculations also show that the existence of intrinsic defects can optimize the distribution of electron density, thereby increasing the Na‐adsorption capacity. This work makes an important contribution to understanding the role of intrinsic defects in the sodium storage performance of carbon materials.
Deriving Structure‐Performance Relations of Chemically Modified Chitosan Binders for Sustainable High‐Voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cathodes
Authors: Kuenzel Matthias , Porhiel Regis , Bresser Dominic , Asenbauer Jakob , Axmann Peter , Wohlfahrt‐Mehrens Margret , Passerini Stefano 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Prof. Dr. Stefano Passerini. The front cover illustrates the use of citric acid (co‐)crosslinked bio‐derived polymers, with chitosan and guar gum, as water‐soluble binders for sustainable lithium‐ion battery cathodes. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/batt.201900140.
Nutrient Sensing and Response Drive Developmental Progression in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Rashid Sabih , Pho Kim B. , Mesbahi Hiva , MacNeil Lesley T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn response to nutrient limitation, many animals, including Caenorhabditis elegans, slow or arrest their development. This process requires mechanisms that sense essential nutrients and induce appropriate responses. When faced with nutrient limitation, C. elegans can induce both short and long‐term survival strategies, including larval arrest, decreased developmental rate, and dauer formation. To select the most advantageous strategy, information from many different sensors must be integrated into signaling pathways, including target of rapamycin (TOR) and insulin, that regulate developmental progression. Here, how nutrient information is sensed and integrated into developmental decisions that determine developmental rate and progression in C. elegans is reviewed.
Clinical and surgical outcomes of patients with peritoneal mesothelioma discussed at a monthly national multidisciplinary team video-conference meeting
Authors: Brandl A , Westbrook S , Nunn S , Arbuthnot-Smith E , Mulsow J , Youssef H , Carr N , Tzivanakis A , Dayal S , Mohamed F , Moran B J , Cecil T 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Peritoneal mesothelioma (PM) is a rare primary neoplasm of the peritoneum with an increasing incidence worldwide. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has shown promise as a treatment strategy. A national PM multidisciplinary team (national PM MDT) video-conference meeting was established in the UK and Ireland in March 2016, aiming to plan optimal treatment, record outcomes and provide evidence for the benefits of centralization. This article reports on the activities and outcomes of the first 2·5 years.

Methods
Between March 2016 and December 2018, patients with PM, referred to peritoneal malignancy centres in Basingstoke, Birmingham, Manchester and Dublin, were discussed by the national PM MDT via video-conference. The MDT was composed of surgeons, radiologists, specialist nurses and pathologists. Patients were considered for CRS and HIPEC if considered fit for surgery and if radiological imaging suggested that complete surgical cytoreduction could be achieved. Morbidity and mortality following surgery were analysed. Survival analysis following MDT discussion was conducted.

Results
A total of 155 patients (M : F ratio 0·96) with a mean(s.d.) age of 57(17) years were discussed. To date, 22 (14·2 per cent) have had CRS and HIPEC; the median Peritoneal Cancer Index for the surgical group was 17·0. Complete cytoreduction was achieved in 19 patients. Clavien–Dindo grade I–II complications occurred in 16 patients; there was no grade III–IV morbidity or 30-day in-hospital mortality. The median follow-up for the whole cohort was 18·7 months, and the 2-year survival rate from time of first review at the national PM MDT was 68·3 per cent.

Conclusion
The centralized national PM MDT was effective at selecting patients suitable for CRS and HIPEC, reporting a good outcome from patient selection.
The aortic root hexagon as an aide memoire to the important surgical landmarks
Authors: Almoosawy Sayed A. , Lucka Petra , Cummine Rhona , Buchan Keith 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe anatomy of the aortic root and its relationship to cardiac landmarks is important for valve‐sparing surgery and understanding the pathology of lesions arising in this structure. Rapid understanding of the key anatomical details can be achieved by a geometrical concept based on the shape of a hexagon.MethodsDefinitions, structure, and key anatomical concepts of the aortic root according to the current literature were reviewed. Thirty pig hearts were dissected to explore the relationships of the six points on the aortic root. Six double 2/0 ethibond needles were placed into the six points at 90°. The passage of the needles through the specific cardiac landmarks at each point was noted. The aortic root hexagon is a geometrical structure formed by two triangles superimposed on each other. The six points in the hexagon relate to important adjacent cardiac landmarks.ResultsThe two best‐known anatomical relationships are of the left‐non coronary aortic commissure to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the aortic leaflet of the mitral valve and the relationship of the nadir of the noncoronary aortic valve leaflet to the medial commissure of the mitral valve. The other four points are related to equally significant and well defined anatomical landmarks.ConclusionThe aortic root hexagon is made by two triangles superimposed on each other, these are the commissural and nadir triangles respectively. We have found this concept to be a quick way to learn and remember the key anatomical relationships of the aortic root.
Primary mucocele of the mastoid: An incidental finding
Authors: Tonni Daniela , Sessa Michele , Redaelli de Zinis Luca O. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMucocele is an accumulation of secretion products, desquamation, and inflammation within a body cavity: Localization in the mastoid is extremely rare. Erosion of bony walls and invasion of surrounding structures expose a patient to intra‐ and extracranial complications. Proper imaging work‐up and complete removal through mastoidectomy is warranted.