bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial pupil status is a strong predictor for in-hospital mortality after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Mader Marius M. , Piffko Andras , Dengler Nora F. , Ricklefs Franz L. , Dührsen Lasse , Schmidt Nils O. , Regelsberger Jan , Westphal Manfred , Wolf Stefan , Czorlich Patrick 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPrognosis of patients with high-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is only insufficiently displayed by current standard prognostic scores. This study aims to evaluate the role of pupil status for mortality prediction and provide improved prognostic models. Anonymized data of 477 aSAH patients admitted to our medical center from November 2010 to August 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Identification of variables independently predicting in-hospital mortality was performed by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Final regression models included Hunt & Hess scale (H&H), pupil status and age or in a simplified variation only H&H and pupil status, leading to the design of novel H&H-Pupil-Age score (HHPA) and simplified H&H-Pupil score (sHHP), respectively. In an external validation cohort of 402 patients, areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) of HHPA (0.841) and sHHP (0.821) were significantly higher than areas of H&H (0.794; p < 0.001) or World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) scale (0.775; p < 0.01). Accordingly, including information about pupil status improves the predictive performance of prognostic scores for in-hospital mortality in patients with aSAH. HHPA and sHHP allow simple, early and detailed prognosis assessment while predictive performance remained strong in an external validation cohort suggesting adequate generalizability and low interrater variability.
In-depth proteome analysis of more than 12,500 proteins in buffalo mammary epithelial cell line identifies protein signatures for active proliferation and lactation
Authors: Jaswal Shalini , Anand Vijay , Kumar Sudarshan , Bathla Shveta , Dang Ajay K. , Kaushik Jai K. , Mohanty Ashok K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe mature mammary gland is made up of a network of ducts that terminates in alveoli. The innermost layer of alveoli is surrounded by the differentiated mammary epithelial cells (MECs), which are responsible for milk synthesis and secretion during lactation. However, the MECs are in a state of active proliferation during pregnancy, when they give rise to network like structures in the mammary gland. Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) constitute a major source of milk for human consumption, and the MECs are the major precursor cells which are mainly responsible for their lactation potential. The proteome of MECs defines their functional state and suggests their role in various cellular activities such as proliferation and lactation. To date, the proteome profile of MECs from buffalo origin is not available. In the present study, we have profiled in-depth proteome of in vitro cultured buffalo MECs (BuMECs) during active proliferation using high throughput tandem mass spectrometry (MS). MS analysis identified a total of 8330, 5970, 5289, 4818 proteins in four sub-cellular fractions (SCFs) that included cytosolic (SCF-I), membranous and membranous organelle’s (SCF-II), nuclear (SCF-III), and cytoskeletal (SCF-IV). However, 792 proteins were identified in the conditioned media, which represented the secretome. Altogether, combined analysis of all the five fractions (SCFs- I to IV, and secretome) revealed a total of 12,609 non-redundant proteins. The KEGG analysis suggested that these proteins were associated with 325 molecular pathways. Some of the highly enriched molecular pathways observed were metabolic, MAPK, PI3-AKT, insulin, estrogen, and cGMP-PKG signalling pathway. The newly identified proteins in this study are reported to be involved in NOTCH signalling, transport and secretion processes.
Effect of induced hypoglycemia on inflammation and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes and control subjects
Authors: Kahal Hassan , Halama Anna , Aburima Ahmed , Bhagwat Aditya M. , Butler Alexandra E. , Graumann Johannes , Suhre Karsten , Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Atkin Stephen L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntensive diabetes control has been associated with increased mortality in type 2 diabetes (T2DM); this has been suggested to be due to increased hypoglycemia. We measured hypoglycemia-induced changes in endothelial parameters, oxidative stress markers and inflammation at baseline and after a 24-hour period in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) subjects versus age-matched controls. Case-control study: 10 T2DM and 8 control subjects. Blood glucose was reduced from 5 (90 mg/dl) to hypoglycemic levels of 2.8 mmol/L (50 mg/dl) for 1 hour by incremental hyperinsulinemic clamps using baseline and 24 hour samples. Measures of endothelial parameters, oxidative stress and inflammation at baseline and at 24-hours post hypoglycemia were performed: proteomic (Somalogic) analysis for inflammatory markers complemented by C-reactive protein (hsCRP) measurement, and proteomic markers and urinary isoprostanes for oxidative measures, together with endothelial function. Between baseline and 24 -hours after hypoglycemia, 15 of 140 inflammatory proteins differed in T2DM whilst only 1 of 140 differed in controls; all returned to baseline at 24-hours. However, elevated hsCRP levels were seen at 24-hours in T2DM (2.4 mg/L (1.2–5.4) vs. 3.9 mg/L (1.8–6.1), Baseline vs 24-hours, P < 0.05). In patients with T2DM, between baseline and 24-hour after hypoglycemia, only one of 15 oxidative stress proteins differed and this was not seen in controls. An increase (P = 0.016) from baseline (73.4 ng/mL) to 24 hours after hypoglycemia (91.7 ng/mL) was seen for urinary isoprostanes. Hypoglycemia resulted in inflammatory and oxidative stress markers being elevated in T2DM subjects but not controls 24-hours after the event.
The control mechanisms of heart rate dynamics in a new heart rate nonlinear time series model
Authors: He Zonglu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe control mechanisms and implications of heart rate variability (HRV) under the sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) modulation remain poorly understood. Here, we establish the HR model/HRV responder using a nonlinear process derived from Newton’s second law in stochastic self-restoring systems through dynamic analysis of physiological properties. We conduct model validation by testing, predictions, simulations, and sensitivity and time-scale analysis. We confirm that the outputs of the HRV responder can be accepted as the real data-generating process. Empirical studies show that the dynamic control mechanism of heart rate is a stable fixed point, rather than a strange attractor or transitions between a fixed point and a limit cycle; HR slope (amplitude) may depend on the ratio of cardiac disturbance or metabolic demand mean (standard deviation) to myocardial electrical resistance (PNS-SNS activity). For example, when metabolic demands remain unchanged, HR amplitude depends on PNS to SNS activity; when autonomic activity remains unchanged, HR amplitude during resting reflects basal metabolism. HR parameter alterations suggest that age-related decreased HRV, ultrareduced HRV in heart failure, and ultraelevated HRV in ST segment alterations refer to age-related decreased basal metabolism, impaired myocardial metabolism, and SNS hyperactivity triggered by myocardial ischemia, respectively.
PulseCam: a camera-based, motion-robust and highly sensitive blood perfusion imaging modality
Authors: Kumar Mayank , Suliburk James W. , Veeraraghavan Ashok , Sabharwal Ashutosh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBlood carries oxygen and nutrients to the trillions of cells in our body to sustain vital life processes. Lack of blood perfusion can cause irreversible cell damage. Therefore, blood perfusion measurement has widespread clinical applications. In this paper, we develop PulseCam — a new camera-based, motion-robust, and highly sensitive blood perfusion imaging modality with 1 mm spatial resolution and 1 frame-per-second temporal resolution. Existing camera-only blood perfusion imaging modality suffers from two core challenges: (i) motion artifact, and (ii) small signal recovery in the presence of large surface reflection and measurement noise. PulseCam addresses these challenges by robustly combining the video recording from the camera with a pulse waveform measured using a conventional pulse oximeter to obtain reliable blood perfusion maps in the presence of motion artifacts and outliers in the video recordings. For video stabilization, we adopt a novel brightness-invariant optical flow algorithm that helps us reduce error in blood perfusion estimate below 10% in different motion scenarios compared to 20–30% error when using current approaches. PulseCam can detect subtle changes in blood perfusion below the skin with at least two times better sensitivity, three times better response time, and is significantly cheaper compared to infrared thermography. PulseCam can also detect venous or partial blood flow occlusion that is difficult to identify using existing modalities such as the perfusion index measured using a pulse oximeter. With the help of a pilot clinical study, we also demonstrate that PulseCam is robust and reliable in an operationally challenging surgery room setting. We anticipate that PulseCam will be used both at the bedside as well as a point-of-care blood perfusion imaging device to visualize and analyze blood perfusion in an easy-to-use and cost-effective manner.
Close co-variation between soil moisture and runoff emerging from multi-catchment data across Europe
Authors: Ghajarnia Navid , Kalantari Zahra , Orth René , Destouni Georgia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSoil moisture is an important variable for land-climate and hydrological interactions. To investigate emergent large-scale, long-term interactions between soil moisture and other key hydro-climatic variables (precipitation, actual evapotranspiration, runoff, temperature), we analyze monthly values and anomalies of these variables in 1378 hydrological catchments across Europe over the period 1980–2010. The study distinguishes results for the main European climate regions, and tests how sensitive or robust they are to the use of three alternative observational and re-analysis datasets. Robustly across the European climates and datasets, monthly soil moisture anomalies correlate well with runoff anomalies, and extreme soil moisture and runoff values also largely co-occur. For precipitation, evapotranspiration, and temperature, anomaly correlation and extreme value co-occurrence with soil moisture are overall lower than for runoff. The runoff results indicate a possible new approach to assessing variability and change of large-scale soil moisture conditions by use of long-term time series of monitored catchment-integrating stream discharges.
Serum lipids, retinoic acid and phenol red differentially regulate expression of keratins K1, K10 and K2 in cultured keratinocytes
Authors: Aldehlawi Hebah , Usman Saima , Lalli Anand , Ahmad Fatima , Williams Gianne , Teh Muy-Teck , Waseem Ahmad 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAbnormal keratinocyte differentiation is fundamental to pathologies such as skin cancer and mucosal inflammatory diseases. The ability to grow keratinocytes in vitro allows the study of differentiation however any translational value is limited if keratinocytes get altered by the culture method. Although serum lipids (SLPs) and phenol red (PR) are ubiquitous components of culture media their effect on differentiation is largely unknown. We show for the first time that PR and SLP themselves suppress expression of differentiation-specific keratins K1, K10 and K2 in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) and two important cell lines, HaCaT and N/TERT-1. Removal of SLP increased expression of K1, K10 and K2 in 2D and 3D cultures, which was further enhanced in the absence of PR. The effect was reversed for K1 and K10 by adding all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) but increased for K2 in the absence of PR. Furthermore, retinoid regulation of differentiation-specific keratins involves post-transcriptional mechanisms as we show KRT2 mRNA is stabilised whilst KRT1 and KRT10 mRNAs are destabilised in the presence of ATRA. Taken together, our results indicate that the presence of PR and SLP in cell culture media may significantly impact in vitro studies of keratinocyte differentiation.
Roaming Dynamics and Conformational Memory in Photolysis of Formic Acid at 193 nm Using Time-resolved Fourier-transform Infrared Emission Spectroscopy
Authors: Tso Cheng-Jui , Kasai Toshio , Lin King-Chuen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn photodissociation of trans-formic acid (HCOOH) at 193 nm, we have observed two molecular channels of CO + H2O and CO2 + H2 by using 1 μs-resolved Fourier-transform infrared emission spectroscopy. With the aid of spectral simulation, the CO spectra are rotationally resolved for each vibrational state (v = 1–8). Each of the resulting vibrational and rotational population distributions is characteristic of two Boltzmann profiles with different temperatures, originating from either transition state pathway or OH-roaming to form the same CO + H2O products. The H2O roaming co-product is also spectrally simulated to understand the interplay with the CO product in the internal energy partitioning. Accordingly, this work has evaluated the internal energy disposal for the CO and H2O roaming products; especially the vibrational-state dependence of the roaming signature is reported for the first time. Further, given a 1 μs resolution, the temporal dependence of the CO/CO2 product ratio at v ≥ 1 rises from 3 to 10 of study, thereby characterizing the effect of conformational memory and well reconciling with the disputed results reported previously between absorption and emission methods.
Comparing Social media and Google to detect and predict severe epidemics
Authors: Samaras Loukas , García-Barriocanal Elena , Sicilia Miguel-Angel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractInternet technologies have demonstrated their value for the early detection and prediction of epidemics. In diverse cases, electronic surveillance systems can be created by obtaining and analyzing on-line data, complementing other existing monitoring resources. This paper reports the feasibility of building such a system with search engine and social network data. Concretely, this study aims at gathering evidence on which kind of data source leads to better results. Data have been acquired from the Internet by means of a system which gathered real-time data for 23 weeks. Data on influenza in Greece have been collected from Google and Twitter and they have been compared to influenza data from the official authority of Europe. The data were analyzed by using two models: the ARIMA model computed estimations based on weekly sums and a customized approximate model which uses daily sums. Results indicate that influenza was successfully monitored during the test period. Google data show a high Pearson correlation and a relatively low Mean Absolute Percentage Error (R = 0.933, MAPE = 21.358). Twitter results are slightly better (R = 0.943, MAPE = 18.742). The alternative model is slightly worse than the ARIMA(X) (R = 0.863, MAPE = 22.614), but with a higher mean deviation (abs. mean dev: 5.99% vs 4.74%).
Emergence of unprecedented climate change in projected future precipitation
Authors: Kusunoki Shoji , Ose Tomoaki , Hosaka Masahiro 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe future time of emergence when precipitation changes due to anthropogenic influences begins to continuously exceed the previous maximum value is defined as the ‘tipping year’ Historical experiments and future experiments simulated by state-of-the-art climate models were utilized. A total of 510,000 time series from year 1856 to 2095 were generated by sampling the natural internal variability in precipitation. The time evolutions of internal variability in the whole time period were estimated from the combination of past and future experiments with preindustrial control experiments. A large ensemble size enabled an estimation of the probability density function of the tipping year at each grid point, providing precise information on the uncertainty of the projection. The tipping year of average precipitation emerges earlier in high latitudes than in lower latitudes. In some regions in lower latitudes and mid-latitudes, the tipping year of intense precipitation emerges faster than that of average precipitation. The tipping years of average and intense precipitation are earlier for higher anthropogenic forcing scenarios than for lower scenarios. The global average of the tipping year for intense precipitation might be attributed to the enhancement of the thermodynamic effect (moisture) rather than the dynamic effect (vertical motion).
(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) attenuates salt-induced hypertension and renal injury in Dahl salt-sensitive rats
Authors: Luo Dan , Xu Jianping , Chen Xuejiao , Zhu Xu , Liu Shuang , Li Jie , Xu Xinting , Ma Xiao , Zhao Jinhua , Ji Xu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEpigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a main active catechin in green tea, was reported to attenuate renal injury and hypertension. However, its effects on salt-induced hypertension and renal injury remain unclear. In the present study, we explored its effects on hypertension and renal damage in Dahl rats with salt-sensitive hypertension. We found that EGCG could lower blood pressure after 6 weeks of oral administration, reduce 24 h urine protein levels and decrease creatinine clearance, and attenuate renal fibrosis, indicating that it could attenuate hypertension by protecting against renal damage. Furthermore, we studied the renal protective mechanisms of EGCG, revealing that it could lower malondialdehyde levels, reduce the numbers of infiltrated macrophages and T cells, and induce the apoptosis of NRK-49F cells. Considering that the 67 kD laminin receptor (67LR) binds to EGCG, its role in EGCG-induced fibroblast apoptosis was also investigated. The results showed that an anti-67LR antibody partially abrogated the apoptosis-inducing effects of EGCG on NRK-49F cells. In summary, EGCG may attenuate renal damage and salt-sensitive hypertension via exerting anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and apoptosis-inducing effects on fibroblasts; the last effect is partially mediated by 67LR, suggesting that EGCG represents a potential strategy for treating salt-sensitive hypertension.
Controllable movement of single-photon source in multifunctional magneto-photonic structures
Authors: Au Thi Huong , Perry Amber , Audibert Jeff , Trinh Duc Thien , Do Danh Bich , Buil Stéphanie , Quélin Xavier , Hermier Jean-Pierre , Lai Ngoc Diep 
Published: March 2020

AbstractQuantum dot (QD) coupling in nanophotonics has been widely studied for various potential applications in quantum technologies. Micro-machining has also attracted substantial research interest due to its capacity to use miniature robotic tools to make precise controlled movements. In this work, we combine fluorescent QDs and magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) to realize multifunctional microrobotic structures and demonstrate the manipulation of a coupled single-photon source (SPS) in 3D space via an external magnetic field. By employing the low one photon absorption (LOPA) direct laser writing (DLW) technique, the fabrication of 2D and 3D magneto-photonic devices containing a single QD is performed on a hybrid material consisting of colloidal CdSe/CdS QDs, magnetite Fe3O4 NPs, and SU-8 photoresist. Two types of devices, contact-free and in-contact structures, are investigated to demonstrate their magnetic and photoradiative responses. The coupled SPS in the devices is driven by the external magnetic field to perform different movements in a 3D fluidic environment. The optical properties of the single QD in the devices are characterized.
Glaucoma after ocular chemical burns: Incidence, risk factors, and outcome
Authors: Choi Se Hyun , Kim Mee Kum , Oh Joo Youn 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEffects of chemical injuries on the cornea and limbus have been widely studied; however, little is known about glaucoma after ocular chemical injuries. We herein investigated the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of glaucoma in patients with ocular chemical burns. Medical records were reviewed of patients who visited our clinic for chemical injuries to the ocular surface. Patients were divided into glaucoma and non-glaucoma groups based on high intraocular pressure (IOP) readings. Clinical characteristics, treatment method, and therapeutic and visual outcomes were compared between the two groups. Of 29 patients (40 eyes), 9 patients (15 eyes, 37.5%) were diagnosed with glaucoma at 2.64 ± 2.92 months after injury. Factors associated with glaucoma included male gender (p = 0.0114), bilateral ocular involvement (p = 0.0478), severe ocular surface involvement (Dua grades IV-VI, p = 0.0180), poor initial visual acuity (p = 0.0136), high initial IOP (p < 0.0001), pupil involvement at initial examination (p = 0.0051), and the need for amniotic membrane transplantation in the acute stage (p = 0.0079). At final follow-up, IOP was uncontrolled in 3 eyes (20.0%), and visual acuity was worse in the glaucoma group than in the non-glaucoma group (logMAR 2.94 ± 1.86 vs 0.34 ± 0.69, p < 0.0001). These findings suggest that careful evaluation and intensive treatment for glaucoma are essential in patients with severe ocular burns.
Right-lateralized fronto-parietal network and phasic alertness in healthy aging
Authors: Haupt Marleen , Ruiz-Rizzo Adriana L. , Sorg Christian , Finke Kathrin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPhasic alerting cues temporarily increase the brain’s arousal state. In younger and older participants, visual processing speed in a whole report task, estimated based on the theory of visual attention, is higher in cue than no-cue conditions. The present study assessed whether older participants’ ability to profit from warning cues is related to intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) in the cingulo-opercular and/or right fronto-parietal network. We acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 31 older participants. By combining an independent component analysis and dual regression, we investigated iFC in both networks. A voxel-wise multiple regression in older participants yielded that higher phasic alerting effects on visual processing speed were significantly related to lower right fronto-parietal network iFC. This result supports a particular role of the right fronto-parietal network in maintaining phasic alerting capabilities in aging. We then compared healthy older participants to a previously reported sample of healthy younger participants to assess whether behaviour-iFC relationships are age group specific. The comparison revealed that the association between phasic alerting and cingulo-opercular network iFC is significantly lower in older than in younger adults.