bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRESENCE AND PREDICTORS OF FAMILIAL AND NON-FAMILIAL AGE-INTEGRATED SOCIAL NETWORKS
Authors: Roman Carly , Beam Christopher , Zelinski Elizabeth M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A growing older adult population living longer provides opportunities for greater age-integration, which includes reducing age-related structural barriers and increasing cross-age interactions (Riley & Riley, 2000). While research on the theoretical construct of age-integration is prevalent, empirical evidence of age-integration in older adults’ social networks is lacking (Hagestad & Uhlenburg, 2005). This study uses the National Health and Aging Trends Study to quantify and characterize age-integrated social networks in the United States, and to understand the sociodemographic predictors of these age-integrated relationships. Participants’ social networks, comprised of respondents’ spouses, household members, children, helpers, care recipients, and up to five individuals they share important things with were considered age-integrated if individuals were at least 10 years younger than the respondent. About 96% of respondents reported at least one person 10+ years younger than them. Further, these relationships were coded as familial (i.e., spouse, children, grandchildren, parents, siblings, and other relatives) and non-familial relationships (i.e., other non-relatives) and analyses predicting age-integrated relationships as a function of sociodemographic characteristics were stratified by relationship type. Weighted multilevel logistic regression analyses suggest that females have lower odds of familial and non-familial age-integration than males; compared to white and married individuals, Black and Hispanic individuals have greater odds of familial and non-familial age-integration; compared to married individuals, separated, divorced, and widowed individuals have greater odds of familial age-integration, and those who were never married have greater odds of non-familial age-integration. This foundational study reveals that sociodemographic factors differentially predict familial and non-familial age-integrated social networks.
INITIATION OF INTERACTION AS THE BEGINNING OF SOCIAL PARTICIPATION: CONVERSATION ANALYSIS OF A JAPANESE SENIOR CLUB
Authors: Sakai Eri , Kamesawa Akihiko , Nakayama Riko , Kim Jihoon , Yuri Akizuki , Yang Yingxue , Ogino Ryogo , Goto Jun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The rate of social participation of senior citizens in a senior club’s activities is not equal to the rate of desire for the said participation. Earlier studies mainly examined personal and social factors which influence the participation rate, overlooking the practical methods by which senior citizens can overcome barriers to participating in club activities. Our study aims to clarify the features of a club activity as a resource by analyzing the activity’s interactions. Our study is based on data extracted from videotaped recordings of a senior calligraphy club in Kanto, Japan. In September 2018, one lecturer and 11 participants were videotaped for 3 hours, and the video underwent conversation analysis, which elucidates how people organize activities under specific circumstances. We analyzed how a female newcomer to the activity initiated face-to-face interaction, which is considered the first step of social participation. She talked to other participants who were familiar with the exercise several times by inquiring how to read kanjis on teaching materials. These findings suggest that visualization of skill relative to the other creates an environment for initiating face-to-face interaction. In this case, the newcomer utilized the difference in skill denoted by teaching materials and was given the rational reason to talk to the others already engaging in the activity. Therefore, designing teaching materials that assign the learning level of each participant may be effective in promoting social participation in senior study clubs.
#GERIATRICS: A 7-YEAR TWITTER ANALYSIS
Authors: Parker Brenna M , Walker Megan , Ross Jeanette 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The use of social media platforms as an educational tool to promote awareness has become increasingly popular as technology advances. Twitter is a microblogging, social media platform in which users share short, text-based posts (“tweets”) that can contain hyperlinked articles, web-pages, pictures, and more. 79% of the 336 million current monthly twitter users are international, suggesting Twitter serves as a tool allowing international connection via the rapid spread of information worldwide. Simplur Signals (Simplur LLC) was used to perform a retrospective analysis of the use of #Geriatrics on Twitter. Data was collected from Oct. 13th, 2010 through Jun. 5th, 2018. Spam and unknown accounts were excluded from the data set before analysis. Manual analysis was performed to qualitatively assess tweet content of the top 200 Retweets by Impressions. A total of 65,002 tweets were shared during the selected time frame. Tweet activity rose to a high in Year 5 (17,206) but has declined since. The majority of the top 100 influencers were doctors (57.4%). Regarding tweet content, most discussions focus on increasing awareness and promoting advocacy (30%) as well as sharing research related to the practice of geriatrics (23.5%). With its widespread use and lack of international boundaries, Twitter serves as an effective platform in informing and increasing awareness about geriatrics and other medical specialties.
AGE DIFFERENCES IN COGNITIVE PERSONAL NETWORKS
Authors: Marcum Christopher S , Lin Jielu , Koehly Laura M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Previous research has found a negative association between network size and age, suggesting that people experience greater isolation with advancing age. In this paper, we evaluate age differences in how individuals perceive their social worlds to be structured, rather than focusing solely on network size. A nationally represented sample of respondents (n=1,824) reported on their own ties to their close personal network members (i.e., ego-alter ties) as well as their perceptions of acquaintanceship between those members (i.e., alter-alter ties). We used social network analysis to assess how the structure of these relationships vary by respondent age. We find a positive association between respondent age and personal network size and a negative association between network members’ ages and the number of ties respondents’ perceive their members to have to each other. This effect significantly weakens as respondent age increases. Moreover, we find evidence of age-homophily, intergenerational contact spanning three generations in both ego-alter and alter-alter ties, and age differences in ego network composition. Our results suggest that the evolution of our social worlds across the life course shifts in terms of size and structure. While contemporary close personal networks may grow slightly with age, perceived social ties among one’s network members become less cohesive and less diverse with age. We discuss these results in the context of recent findings that suggest aging uniformly insulates individuals from social contact from both structural and symbolic perspectives.
(OLDER) PEOPLE REMEMBER HOW YOU MAKE THEM FEEL: AGE DIFFERENCES IN THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL EXCHANGES
Authors: Marello Madeline M , Patrick Julie Hicks , Nehrkorn-Bailey Abigail M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Socioemotional Selectivity Theory poses that as we age our motivations transition from knowledge focused to emotionally focused (Carstensen, 1995). This shift to emotional motivation increases the relevance of relationships and social interactions for older adults. We examined different aspects of social support: frequency of positive/negative social interactions, satisfaction with positive social interactions, and bothered by social interactions -- to investigate these effects on one’s global well-being. Negative and positive social exchanges are linked to psychological health (Newsom et al., 2005), however one’s perceptions of those social interactions are important to consider as well -- being satisfied or bothered by social interactions shows a better perspective of the individual’s experience than simply recording frequency. The results of our multi-group path analysis show that there are different effects of social supports on global well-being contingent on age, consistent with socioemotional selectivity theory. For adults under 30 years old (Mage = 24.0, range 18 to 29) social support did not significantly relate to well-being. For adults over 30 and under 50 (Mage = 38.9) frequency of positive social interactions is significantly related to well-being (B = .201). For adults over 50 (Mage = 58.8, range 50 to 87) the perception of social exchanges, not their frequency, are what influence well-being: both satisfaction with positive social interactions (B = .402) and being bothered by negative social interactions predict well-being (B = -.193). It is important to know that older adult’s perceptions of social exchanges effect their well-being, future directions are discussed.
FEELING AND LIVING WELL: NETWORK COMPOSITION AND PREDICTING SELF-RATED HEALTH FOR RACIAL AND ETHNIC MINORITIES
Authors: Ornelas Eli X 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Racial and ethnic inequities in health among older adults in the U.S. are well documented. A substantial amount of the health literature focuses on physical and mental disparities; however, less research has examined racial and ethnic differentials in subjective, self-rated health (SRH). Prior research has documented racial and ethnic inequities in SRH, though mechanisms by which these disparities occur are still largely unknown. One potential mechanism by which these disparities may arise is through unequal access to psychosocial resources through variability in social networks. Utilizing data from the 2006 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) along with the 2006 HRS Psychosocial and Lifestyle Questionnaire, the current study seeks to explore racial and ethnic differentials in SRH from a social network perspective. Ordinal logistic regression is used to predict SRH by race and Hispanic ethnicity potentially mediated by possession and number of friends, frequency of contact with friends, and psychosocial and subjective well-being. Results indicate that older black adults are less likely to rate their health in a higher category of SRH than older white adults, and this relationship is not significant for other racial groups and Hispanics. Additionally, psychosocial and subjective well-being and frequent written-communication with friends are found to significantly predict better SRH. The results suggest that feeling well mentally is crucial for SRH, but equally important is regular contact with friends. Further research should employ more robust measures of social networks to elucidate the role that network composition plays in predicting SRH for racial and ethnic minorities.
THREE-YEAR EVALUATION OF THE DETECTION OF ELDER ABUSE THROUGH EMERGENCY CARE TECHNICIANS PROJECT
Authors: Cannell Michael B , Livingston Doug , Parayil Megin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
EA is difficult to detect and often goes unreported. To address this important public health issue we developed the DETECT screening tool, which assists paramedics and EMT’s (medics) with determining whether or not to report a case of potential EA to APS while in the field providing medical services. In the current study, we investigate the effects of the DETECT screening tool on changes in reports of EA to APS over a period of approximately 3 years (January 2015 to March 2018). We used a differences in differences in differences (DDD) design to estimate the effect of the DETECT tool on both the number of reports for EA reports made each week as well as the probability of a report being validated by APS. After adjusting for changes in the number of EA reports non-medics and medics outside the service area, there were on average three times as many reports among medics after the implementation of the DETECT screening tool (RR=3.03, 95% CI:[2.06, 4.46]). No differences were seen in the probability of a valid report attributable to DETECT.
NAVIGATIONAL BARRIERS TO ADVANCE DIRECTIVE COMPLETION AMONG OLDER LATINOS WITH CHRONIC ILLNESS
Authors: Nedjat-Haiem Frances R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study examined navigational barriers to advance care planning (ACP) and advance directive (AD) completion among older Latinos with chronic illness. Older Latinos over the age of 50 were randomized to education only versus education plus counseling (N=61; education only n=31, education/counseling n=30). Exploratory factor analyses and logistic regression show relationships between navigational barriers, depression, anxiety and AD documentation. Barriers to ACP included difficulty understanding the doctor, fears about hearing bad news, worries about illness getting worse, and difficulties due to language, family conflict, and limited family discussions about dying. Treatment group was most significant contributing factor to AD completion (OR=4.213, CI=1.126 – 15.760, p=&lt;.01). Findings indicate the importance of examining a variety of factors that could influence AD documentation. This study contributes to the literature by identifying the need for targeted and culturally relevant interventions that promote ACP education, counseling, communication, support, and AD documentation among older Latinos.
TAILORED ACTIVITY PROGRAM (TAP) COSTS: OPPORTUNITIES TO STREAMLINE DELIVERY AND PURSUE REIMBURSEMENT
Authors: Pizzi Laura T , Pizzi Laura T , Prioli Katherine M , Jutkowitz Eric , Yuan Jing , Gitlin Laura N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
TAP intervention costs captured alongside the randomized controlled study included labor of program staff, mileage, supplies and materials. Staff time costs were converted to $US 2017 by multiplying hours spent by the appropriate wage rate plus fringe benefits; mileage was costed using the federal reimbursement rate. Research costs were excluded to approximate real world implementation. Costs varied based on number of visits required but mean component costs per dyad were: occupational therapist training ($133.50), home visit time ($527.57), travel ($718.02), work outside of intervention delivery ($57.14), program screening for eligibility ($3.73), supervision for quality assurance ($250.23), activity supplies ($51.64), and program materials ($29.32). Findings will be compared to a 2008 TAP pilot study post hoc cost analysis to identify how broader scale implementation impacts intervention costs. Opportunities to streamline program delivery will be discussed as well as potential reimbursement mechanisms via Medicare part B, Medicare Advantage, and Medicaid waiver programs.
LIFEBIO: PARTICIPANTS' EXPERIENCES IN A TELEPHONIC-BASED REMINISCENCE PROGRAM
Authors: Hudson Janella , Tkatch Rifky , Keown Karen , McGinn Michael , Wicker Ellen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Older adults facing age-related transitions are at increased risk for depression and loneliness. Reminiscence therapy has demonstrated positive outcomes for older adults, including improved socialization and reduced depression. A program known as LifeBio was designed as a group intervention to engage participants by capturing their life stories to positively impact wellness through reminiscence. This program was adapted to a telephonic format for the Aging Strong 2020 initiative. Semi-structured interviews eliciting feedback about participants’ experiences in the program were conducted with 24 participants. Respondent feedback indicated that those with limited mobility and fewer social connections reported the greatest benefit. Many identified the value of journaling as a form of recordkeeping for family members, but reported varying degrees of journal completion. Suggestions for improvement included future facilitation of two-way communication with other participants and opportunities for face-to-face interaction in group settings.
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CAREGIVERS, BRFSS, 2015-2017
Authors: Edwards Valerie J , McGuire Lisa C , Bouldin Erin D , Taylor Christopher A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As caregiving is becoming a leading public health issue, we used the BRFSS to better understand who caregivers are as well as features of their caregiving experience. We combined BRFSS data from three years (2015-2017) to examine demographic characteristics including gender, race, age, education, employment, and marital status. Slightly more than one in five BRFSS respondents (20.7%) were caregivers. The majority were women, had at least some college, were employed, and married or living with a partner. Most caregivers were under 45 years old, but a substantial proportion (20.7%) were 65 years or older. There was significant state variation by every demographic characteristic. These data underscore that caregiving is a common feature of U.S. family life, and caregivers’ concerns should be considered in healthcare, employment, and service provision. Important state-level variations uncovered by use of the BRFSS Caregiving Module could lead to better targeting of caregiver support programs.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CHINESE ADULTS ON CANCER SCREENING COMMUNICATIONS WITH PHYSICIANS
Authors: Hou Su-I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study examined characteristics of Chinese adults on cancer screening communication with physicians. Whether doctor recommended screenings and whether communicated screenings with doctor were used to assess cancer communication. Participants were recruited from 9 Chinese churches (5 in U.S. and 4 in Taiwan; N=372). Mean age was 44.31, 60% males, 72% married, 85% college education, and 54% had family history. Overall 35.2% reported doctor recommended screenings and 27.7% talked with doctors about screenings (27.7%). Regressions showed Chinese 40+ years (OR=2.66 & 2.49), had annual health exam (OR=3.43 & 4.41), and been a primary cancer caregiver (OR=2.12 & 2.29) were more likely to report doctor recommended screenings (p&lt;.001; 69% correct classification) and communicated with doctors about screenings (p&lt;.001; 76% correct classification). There were no significant relationships between family history, gender, perceived cancer risk or health, and screening communications. Findings have implication on designing effective doctor-patient cancer communication programs among Chinese adults.
BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF NEUROCOGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN THE ENGLISH LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF AGEING
Authors: Cadar Dorina , Cadar Dorina , Abell Jessica , Llewellyn David J , Steptoe Andrew 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Biological and psychosocial risk factors, particularly those that are malleable across the life course, are important determinants of neurocognitive health in later life. We investigated several determinants of cognitive impairment using the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), as part of the Harmonised Cognitive Assessment Protocol in 1,200 individuals aged ≥65 years from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. More than half the participants (55%) were married, 15% had diabetes, 12% had CHD, and fewer than 10% had a stroke. A longitudinal investigation of various risk factors measured at wave 6 (2012-13) was conducted in relation to neurocognitive impairment ascertained with the MMSE ≤24 in 2018. Our results indicate that certain environmental compensatory factors such as education, a marker of cognitive reserve, wealth and psychological wellbeing are relevant determinants of subsequent neurocognitive impairment six years later. These findings are highly informative for the development of interventions aiming to maintain neurocognitive health.
NATIONAL ELDER MISTREATMENT STUDY WAVE II: MENTAL HEALTH CORRELATES OF FINANCIAL MISTREATMENT
Authors: Hernandez-Tejada Melba , Acierno Ron , Watkins Jordan , Frook Gabrielle , Muzzy Wendy , Anetzberger Georgia , Steedley Mara 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objective: Whereas prevalence of elder financial mistreatment has received increased attention over the past decade, health and mental health correlates are rarely studied. Thus, the potential relevance of financial abuse to mental health and perceived health is relatively unknown, and the objective of this article is to illustrate this relationship. Method: The second wave of the National Elder Mistreatment Study used random digit dialing telephone survey methodology to assess both recent financial mistreatment and its potential mental health correlates (i.e., diagnoses of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD], generalized anxiety disorder [GAD], and self-ratings of physical health) in 774 older adults. Results: The study indicated that past-year Wave II financial mistreatment was associated with significantly increased likelihood of depression, PTSD, GAD, and poor self-rated health; and financial mistreatment perpetrated by family members was associated with particularly increased risk of depression. Discussion: Assessment of mental health is relevant and important in cases of financial abuse.
UNDERSTANDING RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS FOR ELDER FAMILY FINANCIAL EXPLOITATION: A PREVENTIVE APPROACH
Authors: Vincenti Virginia B , Chapman Ashton 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents qualitative data from a phenomenological study of 10 men and 38 women (N=48) within families with designated power of attorney (POA) agents. Participants were from 18 states nationwide, aged 20 to 73 (M = 46.6), and had varying educational and income levels. Eighteen individuals alleged that EFFE occurred in their families, 27 did not, and three didn’t know. The study explored EFFE risk and protective factors within Bronfenbrenner’s PPCT model (Tudge, 2018). Data were analyzed using a thematic, inductive approach. Specifically, person characteristics (e.g. perpetrators’ personality and victims’ cognitive functioning), proximal processes (e.g. family patterns of communication and resource sharing), context (e.g. geographic location), and time (e.g. prevailing legal, economic, and cohort factors) were associated with EFFE recognition and intervention. Implications and applications of the PPCT model for helping professionals (e.g., practitioners such as healthcare providers, attorneys, therapists) will be discussed to raise awareness of risk and protective factors within families that may increase or decrease the likelihood that elder financial exploitation by family members will occur. The goal is to improve prevention through helping families address risk factors before older relatives become dependent, encouraging more proactive planning in development of POA and other end-of-life documents, and detect exploitation early.