bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a geotechnical compaction model to estimate sediment deformation
Authors: Fritz Bradley G. , McFarland Douglas P. , Phillips Nathan R.J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA geoarchaeological and pedoarchaeological approach to compaction disturbance is necessary for successful archaeological interpretation of potentially compacted deposits. When surface ruts from vehicle activity occur above archaeological deposits, there is a potential for impact to the archaeological record to occur. While impacts to the soil surface are relatively straightforward to describe, sub‐surface disturbances are more difficult to quantify. Compaction disturbances to buried archaeological deposits can impact the superposition of artefacts, buried soil horizons, and stratigraphy across space, and make interpretation difficult or impossible. Deposits can be damaged by both movement through surface disturbances, and by translocation from compaction events. It is important to consider and take both impact types into account. Here, we present a geotechnical compaction model that can be used to assist with sub‐surface characterization under vehicle ruts formed during off‐road travel. The model is based on a Boussinesq analysis of stress increase below a surface load. The change in bulk density resulting from compaction is assumed to be proportional to the stress increase. The model results were compared against pilot‐scale tests conducted with homogeneous sediment and field‐scale in situ tests. The results indicate that the model generally agreed with measurements to within 20%, although only a single soil type was evaluated in these studies, with a narrow range of initial bulk densities and rut depths. While application of the model across a broader matrix of soil types, bulk densities and rut depths would increase confidence in the model, it appears that the model may be suitable for use in archaeological field investigations. Potential uses include both compliance and research‐based field applications.
The challenge of converting biomass polysaccharides into levulinic acid through heterogeneous catalytic processes
Authors: Covinich Laura G. , Clauser Nicolás M. , Felissia Fernando E. , Vallejos María E. , Area María C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe differences between a biorefinery and an oil refinery are determined by the higher oxygen content of the biorefinery's biomass, its high degree of functionalization, its low thermal stability, its polar components, which are mostly acidic, its highly heterogeneous structure, and its quality variation as result of genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. Levulinic acid (LA) is one of the main high value‐added chemicals that can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass as raw material. The main challenges for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to levulinic acid are related to the improvement of the technologies to obtain a pure and cost‐competitive product, the design and use of efficient heterogeneous catalysts, and the improvements in the selectivity and useful life of the catalyst. This is an up‐to‐date review of the state of knowledge about the heterogeneous catalytic conversion of biomass into LA, addressing the technical hurdles that impede the attainment of high yields. This work outlines the chemistry of LA synthesis and discusses in detail the influence of the lignocellulosic raw material, reaction time, temperature, solvent according to the chemical pathway, and efficiency of the chosen Lewis and Brønsted solid acid catalysts. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A near‐infrared fluorescent probe based on boric acid hydrolysis for hydrogen peroxide detection and imaging in HeLa cells
Authors: Wang Tao , Yang Xiaojun , Men Jinxia , Zhou Jinpei , Zhang Huibin 
Published: November 2019

SummaryUsing the characteristics of hydrogen peroxide that are able to cleave phenyl‐boric acid selectively and efficiently, we here report a dicyanoisophorone‐boric acid (DCP‐BA)‐based near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe for detection of hydrogen peroxide. This probe shows a rapid, highly selective, and sensitive detection process for hydrogen peroxide with a significant NIR fluorescent turn‐on response that has been successfully applied to detect exogenous hydrogen peroxide in HeLa cells.
Optimization of a Fluid Catalytic Cracking Kinetic Model by Improved Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Sun Shiyuan , Yan Hongfei , Meng Fandong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFluid catalytic cracking (FCC) kinetic models are characterized by high dimension, nonlinearity, discontinuity, and non‐differentiability. Particle swarm optimization is easy to fall into local optima prematurely when it is applied to the optimization of kinetic models. To solve this problem, an improved two‐swarm cooperative particle swarm optimization (ITCPSO) is proposed. Considering the reaction mechanism of FCC, an 8‐lumps kinetic model was developed. According to the pilot data, nine PSO algorithms and ITCPSO are presented to estimate the parameters. The results demonstrate that better performance of global searching is gained by ITCPSO compared to other PSOs, thus, ITCPSO is expected to be implemented in the optimization of complex kinetic models.
Enantiospecific equilibrium adsorption and chemistry of d‐/l‐proline mixtures on chiral and achiral Cu surfaces
Authors: Dutta Soham , Gellman Andrew J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA fundamental understanding of the enantiospecific interactions between chiral adsorbates and understanding of their interactions with chiral surfaces is key to unlocking the origins of enantiospecific surface chemistry. Herein, the adsorption and decomposition of the amino acid proline (Pro) have been studied on the achiral Cu(110) and Cu(111) surfaces and on the chiral Cu(643)R&S surfaces. Isotopically labelled 1‐13C‐l‐Pro has been used to probe the Pro decomposition mechanism and to allow mass spectrometric discrimination of d‐Pro and 1‐13C‐l‐Pro when adsorbed as mixtures. On the Cu(111) surface, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that Pro adsorbs as an anionic species in the monolayer. On the chiral Cu(643)R&S surface, adsorbed Pro enantiomers decompose with non‐enantiospecific kinetics. However, the decomposition kinetics were found to be different on the terraces versus the kinked steps. Exposure of the chiral Cu(643)R&S surfaces to a racemic gas phase mixture of d‐Pro and 1‐13C‐l‐Pro resulted in the adsorption of a racemic mixture; i.e., adsorption is not enantiospecific. However, exposure to non‐racemic mixtures of d‐Pro and 1‐13C‐l‐Pro resulted in amplification of enantiomeric excess on the surface, indicative of homochiral aggregation of adsorbed Pro. During co‐adsorption, this amplification is observed even at very low coverages, quite distinct from the behavior of other amino acids, which begin to exhibit homochiral aggregation only after reaching monolayer coverages. The equilibrium adsorption of d‐Pro and 1‐13C‐l‐Pro mixtures on achiral Cu(110) did not display any aggregation, consistent with prior scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) observations of dl‐Pro/Cu(110). This demonstrates convergence between findings from equilibrium adsorption methods and STM experiments and corroborates formation of a 2D random solid solution.
Self‐reported stress, coping ability, mental status, and periodontal diseases among police recruits
Authors: Ramlogan Shaun , Raman Vidya , Abraham Kimberly , Pierre Kereesa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis cross‐sectional study aimed to investigate self‐reported stress level and coping ability as well as mental status (anxiety and depression) via the 12‐item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ‐12) questionnaire and periodontal status among police academy recruits during their 8 months of training.MethodsEighty‐five consenting police recruits were examined at baseline during the first month of training and again during the last month of training. Full mouth plaque score (FMPS), full mouth bleeding score, basic periodontal examination, self‐reported stress level (scale of 1–10) and GHQ‐12 questionnaire (mental status) were recorded at both visits. Ability to cope (yes/no) with stress was recorded at the final visit. Periodontal diagnosis was derived based on clinical examination. t test and regression analyses (p < .05) were performed.ResultsHigh stress (odds ratio: 1.25) and inability to cope with stress (odds ratio: 1.31) were statistically significant (p < .05) predictors of high FMPS. Inability to cope with stress (odds ratio: 1.45) was also a statistically significant (p < .05) predictor for periodontitis compared to gingivitis. Mental status (anxiety and depression) may play a greater role in gingivitis (mean 1.75) as opposed to periodontitis (mean 1.00) as reflected by the higher mean GHQ‐12 (t test, p = .04).ConclusionsIn this study, both self‐reporting of stress level and ability to cope with stress were statistically significant predictors of higher plaque score (FMPS). Ability to cope with stress was also a statistically significant predictor of periodontitis compared to gingivitis. Recording of both self‐reported stress level and ability to cope may be valuable variables to note in the management of plaque and periodontal diseases.
The quality of early infant‐caregiver relational attachment and longitudinal changes in infant inflammation across 6 months
Authors: Nelson Benjamin W. , Bernstein Rosemary , Allen Nicholas B. , Laurent Heidemarie K. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe quality of early caregiver–infant relationships has powerful implications for health trajectories across the lifespan, including associations with adult inflammation. However, because relatively few studies have examined this association during infancy, it remains unclear when this impact occurs and whether it is associated with longitudinal changes in salivary concentrations of inflammation across infancy. In 45 infants, we investigated whether the quality of infant‐caregiver attachment (secure vs. insecure) was associated not only with levels of salivary C‐reactive protein (sCRP) cross‐sectionally, but also with changes in sCRP across 6 months. Interestingly, while there were no cross‐sectional associations between infant‐caregiver attachment and inflammation at 12 months of age, infant‐caregiver attachment security predicted lower levels of sCRP 6 months later. In addition, attachment security predicted decreasing levels of sCRP from 12 months to 18 months of age. Implications for understanding the influence of the quality of early relationships on biological mechanisms related to disease are discussed.
Etiologic and treatment conceptualizations of disordered eating symptoms among mainland Chinese therapists
Authors: Ma Ruofan , Capobianco Kevin P. , Buchanan NiCole T. , Hu Zhiyuan , Oakman Jonathan M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveReports of disordered eating are increasing in mainland China; however, little is known regarding Chinese psychotherapists' conceptualizations of disordered eating symptomatology. This study explores Chinese psychotherapists' conceptualizations of binge eating (BE)/vomiting symptoms and treatment considerations.MethodIn‐depth, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with mainland Chinese psychotherapists (N = 41) in Mandarin. Participants were given a hypothetical case and provided their conceptualization of the patient's BE/vomiting etiology and treatment recommendations. Etiological conceptualizations were coded using directed content analysis, and treatment recommendations were grouped by intervention strategy.ResultsParticipants described psychosocial risk factors for BE/vomiting including intrapersonal characteristics and the childhood family environment, but rarely discussed genetic and neurobiological factors. Few participants reported that they would prioritize the BE/vomiting symptoms in treatment and their specific treatment recommendations varied widely.DiscussionMost research on BE/vomiting behaviors in the literature is based on Western samples with little attention to mainland Chinese populations. Participants in this study provided conceptualizations of risk factors and treatment recommendations that could generally find evidence in the existing Western literature, even if some theories are no longer supported by updated Western research and the participants focused primarily on psychosocial risks as opposed to genetic/neurobiological factors. It will be important for future research to ascertain mainland Chinese therapists' understanding of these additional types of risk. These findings also suggest a disconnect between clinical findings on neurobiological risks and Chinese therapists' knowledge and/or perceived clinical utility of these risks. Implications for treatment and research dissemination to diverse global communities are discussed.
Next‐generation sequencing in salivary gland carcinoma: Targetable alterations lead to a therapeutic advantage—Multicenter experience
Authors: Moore Assaf , Bar Yael , Maurice‐Dror Corinne , Ospovat Inna , Sarfaty Michal , Korzets Yasmin , Goldvaser Hadar , Gordon Noa , Billan Salem , Gutfeld Orit , Popovtzer Aron 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundSalivary gland cancers (SGCs) are rare. The approach to metastatic patients is histology‐dependent. There is little evidence on whether next‐generation sequencing (NGS) findings translate to tumor control in SGCs.MethodsWe analyzed all patients with histologically confirmed SGC who underwent NGS.ResultsTwenty‐seven patients were identified, 14 (51.8%) had targetable findings in NGS: 5 ERBB2 amplifications, 3 PIK3CA mutations, 2 RUNX1 mutations, 1 TRIM33‐RET fusion, 1 FGFR3‐TACC3 fusion, 1 microsatellite instability‐high, and 2 high mutational burden. Ten patients were treated accordingly. Median progression‐free survival for targeted treatment was 8.4 months. Of five patients who achieved durable responses of 8.4 to 31.3 months, two are ongoing. The overall median survival was not reached for patients receiving targeted treatment and was 40.4 months for patients treated conventionally (P = .18).ConclusionsIn the absence of a well‐established therapeutic approach, NGS may detect clinically significant genetic alterations and benefit patients with advanced SGC.
Evaluation of a point‐of‐care serum creatinine measurement device and the impact on diagnosis of acute kidney injury in pediatric cardiac patients: A retrospective, single center study
Authors: Kimura Satoshi , Iwasaki Tatsuo , Shimizu Kazuyoshi , Kanazawa Tomoyuki , Kawase Hirokazu , Shioji Naohiro , Kuroe Yasutoshi , Isoyama Satoshi , Morimatsu Hiroshi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground and aimsAgreement between measurements of creatinine concentrations using point‐of‐care (POC) devices and measurements conducted in a standard central laboratory is unclear for pediatric patients. Our objectives were (a) to assess the agreement for pediatric patients and (b) to compare the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) according to the two methods.MethodsThis retrospective, single‐center study included patients under 18 years of age who underwent cardiac surgery and who were admitted into the pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary teaching hospital (Okayama University Hospital, Japan) from 2013 to 2017. The primary objective was to assess the correlation and the agreement between measurements of creatinine concentrations by a Radiometer blood gas analyzer (Cregas) and those conducted in a central laboratory (Crelab). The secondary objective was to compare the incidence of postoperative AKI between the two methods based on Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria.ResultsWe analyzed the results of 1404 paired creatinine measurements from 498 patients, whose median age was 14 months old (interquartile range [IQR] 3, 49). The Pearson correlation coefficient of Cregas vs Crelab was 0.968 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.965‐0.972, P < 0.001). The median bias between Cregas and Crelab was 0.02 (IQR ‐0.02, 0.05) mg/dL. While 199 patients (40.0%) were diagnosed as having postoperative AKI based on Crelab, 357 patients (71.7%) were diagnosed as having postoperative AKI based on Cregas (Kappa = 0.39, 95% CI, 0.33‐0.46). In a subgroup analysis of patients whose Cregas and Crelab were measured within 1 hour, similar percentage of patients were diagnosed as having postoperative AKI based on Cregas and Crelab (42.8% vs 46.0%; Kappa = 0.76, 95% CI, 0.68‐0.84).ConclusionThere was an excellent correlation between Cregas and Crelab in pediatric patients. Although more patients were diagnosed as having postoperative AKI based on Cregas than based on Crelab, paired measurements with a short time gap showed good agreement on AKI diagnosis.
Studying the patterns and long‐run dynamics in cryptocurrency prices
Authors: Abraham Mathew 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study analyses the price movements of a select sample of cryptocurrencies and examines whether they are cointegrated and predictable using machine learning algorithm and Johansen Test. The study used daily historical trading data of 76 cryptocurrencies sourced from different cryptocurrency exchanges. A sub‐sample of six cryptocurrencies were chosen for the cointegration and machine learning analysis based on their market share, attractiveness to the investors and availability of data for the full sample period. The data records starting from April 29, 2013 to February 7, 2019 were considered for the study. An error correction model was estimated to investigate both the long‐run and short‐run dynamics between the cryptocurrency prices. The evidence from the error correction model estimates shows that there is a long‐run association between the prices of crypto currencies. The machine learning algorithm involving neural networks (multilayer perception) was used to comprehend the data patterns in the cryptocurrency price series, and the results show that the model fits well in identifying and predicting the data patterns. The study also examines the possible value drivers of cryptocurrencies by estimating a linear regression with a set of covariates, which include the cryptocurrency demand and supply interaction variables and financial variables such as the NZX/S&P 50 index and exchange rates. The linear model estimates confirm that cryptocurrency market fundamentals have an important impact on cryptocurrency prices; however, they do not support the prediction that financial fundamentals are the major value drivers of cryptocurrencies.
Therapist self‐disclosure in the treatment of eating disorders: A personal perspective
Authors: Patmore Jacqueline 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEating disorders are associated with high rates of comorbidity, extreme medical complications, and decreased quality of life, and have the highest mortality rate of any mental illness. Treatment outcomes, however, remain concerningly dire and there is a lack of research examining the effectiveness of factors like therapeutic rapport that have yielded positive outcomes in other patient populations. This article focuses on the potential benefits of therapist self‐disclosure about past lived experiences of eating disorder with individuals struggling with the disease. It examines existing models of treatment in which disclosure‐fueled rapport is harnessed and draws from the personal experience of the author as an eating disorder survivor and practitioner. Research evidence and theoretical rationale from a psychodynamic perspective are used to support the argument for increasing the practice of therapist disclosure about lived eating disorder experience with this patient population.
Secrets, lies, and disguise: The case of andy warhol
Authors: Lieberman Janice S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe life and works of the great American artist Andy Warhol (1928–1987) are examined in the context of Warhol's compulsive and often gratuitous lying. Elements of early trauma—contracting St. Vitus Dance at age of 7, his father's death at age of 13, and the abject poverty in which he grew up as the son of immigrants—are viewed as central antecedents of his deceptiveness. The relevance of these dynamics to the clinical situation is examined.
Investigations on the structural, vibrational, computational, and molecular docking studies on potential antidiabetic chemical agent Diosmetin
Authors: Angamuthu Harikrishnan , Ramachandrane Madivanane 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn the present study, the harmonic vibrational frequencies of Diosmetin(5, 7 dihydroxy‐2(3‐hydroxy‐4 methoxyphenyl) chromen‐4‐one) have been investigated by both experimental (FTIR and FT‐Raman) and theoretical (HF and DFT/B3LYP) method. The calculated harmonic vibrational frequencies were compared with experimental data. A detailed interpretation of the vibrational spectra of the compound has been made on the basis of the calculated potential energy distribution (PED). The 1H, 13C NMR chemical shifts and TD‐DFT calculations of the molecule were calculated and compared with the available experimental observations. A study on the molecular electrostatic potential surface (MEP) of the compound was performed, and the electrophilic and nucleophilic reactive sites were identified. Furthermore, the inhibition effect of compound against aldose reductase enzyme has been analyzed by molecular docking method, and the results were compared with the standard drug. The docking study indicates that the investigated compound shows better inhibitory activity toward aldose reductase enzyme than the standard drug, and hence this study may be supportive in the field of drug discovery to design more potential antidiabetic agents.
Learning‐driven cerebellar intrinsic functional connectivity changes in men
Authors: Edde Manon , Di Scala Georges , Dupuy Maud , Dilharreguy Bixente , Catheline Gwenaëlle , Chanraud Sandra 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLearning involves distributed but coordinated activity among the widespread connected brain areas. Increase in areas connections' strength may be established offline, that is, aside from the task itself, in a resting‐state. The resulting functional connectivity may hence constitute a neural trace of the learning episode. The present study examined whether a conditional visuomotor learning task previously shown to activate the cerebellum would modify cerebellar intrinsic connectivity in groups of young and older male subjects. In the group of young subjects, resting‐state connectivity within several cerebellar networks (fronto‐cerebellar, temporo‐cerebellar, cerebello‐cerebellar) was modified following the task. In most cases, modulation resulted in increased anticorrelations between cerebellar and cortical areas and the amplitude of changes was correlated with learning efficacy. The group of older subjects drastically differed, with sparser modifications of resting‐state functional connectivity and no cerebellar networks involved. The findings of this exploratory study indicate that associative learning modifies the strength of intrinsic connectivity in young subjects but to a lesser degree in older subjects. They further suggest that functional connectivity within cerebellar networks may play an operative role in this kind of learning.