bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work‐from‐anywhere: The productivity effects of geographic flexibility
Authors: Choudhury Prithwiraj (Raj) , Foroughi Cirrus , Larson Barbara 
Published: October 2020

AbstractResearch SummaryAn emerging form of remote work allows employees to work‐from‐anywhere, so that the worker can choose to live in a preferred geographic location. While traditional work‐from‐home (WFH) programs offer the worker temporal flexibility, work‐from‐anywhere (WFA) programs offer both temporal and geographic flexibility. WFA should be viewed as a nonpecuniary benefit likely to be preferred by workers who would derive greater utility by moving from their current geographic location to their preferred location. We study the effects of WFA on productivity at the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and exploit a natural experiment in which the implementation of WFA was driven by negotiations between managers and the patent examiners' union, leading to exogeneity in the timing of individual examiners' transition from a work‐from‐home to a work‐from‐anywhere program. This transition resulted in a 4.4% increase in output without affecting the incidence of rework. We also report results related to a plausible mechanism: an increase in observable effort as the worker transitions from a WFH to a WFA program. We employ illustrative field interviews, micro‐data on locations, and machine learning analysis to shed further light on geographic flexibility, and summarize worker, firm, and economy‐wide implications of provisioning WFA.Managerial SummaryWork‐from‐anywhere is an emerging form of remote work, in which workers are awarded geographic flexibility, that is, the flexibility to choose where to live. We study the productivity effects of workers moving from a work‐from‐home (WFH) to a work‐from‐anywhere (WFA) regime at the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). Exploiting a natural experiment, we find that the transition from WFH to WFA resulted in a 4.4% increase in employee output, with no increase in rework. We also report an increase in employee effort after the transition to WFA and document qualitative evidence on how geographic flexibility benefits individual workers and the USPTO (e.g., real estate savings).
Nanoparticle‐Enabled Dual Modulation of Phagocytic Signals to Improve Macrophage‐Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhang Ya‐Ru , Luo Jia‐Qi , Zhang Jing‐Yang , Miao Wei‐Min , Wu Jia‐Si , Huang Hua , Tong Qi‐Song , Shen Song , Leong Kam W. , Du Jin‐Zhi , Wang Jun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractActivation of the phagocytosis of macrophages to tumor cells is an attractive strategy for cancer immunotherapy, but the effectiveness is limited by the fact that many tumor cells express an increased level of anti‐phagocytic signals (e.g., CD47 molecules) on their surface. To promote phagocytosis of macrophages, a pro‐phagocytic nanoparticle (SNPACALR&aCD47) that concurrently carries CD47 antibody (aCD47) and a pro‐phagocytic molecule calreticulin (CALR) is constructed to simultaneously modulate the phagocytic signals of macrophages. SNPACALR&aCD47 can achieve targeted delivery to tumor cells by specifically binding to the cell‐surface CD47 and block the CD47‐SIRPα pathway to inhibit the “don't eat me” signal. Tumor cell‐targeted delivery increases the exposure of recombinant CALR on the cell surface and stimulates an “eat me” signal. Simultaneous modulation of the two signals enhances the phagocytosis of 4T1 tumor cells by macrophages, which leads to significantly improved anti‐tumor efficacy in vivo. The findings demonstrate that the concurrent blockade of anti‐phagocytic signals and activation of pro‐phagocytic signals can be effective in macrophage‐mediated cancer immunotherapy.
Nano‐Thermodynamics of Chemically Induced Graphene–Diamond Transformation
Authors: Erohin Sergey V. , Ruan Qiyuan , Sorokin Pavel B. , Yakobson Boris I. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNearly 2D diamond, or diamane, is coveted as an ultrathin sp3‐carbon film with unique mechanics and electro‐optics. The very thinness (≈h) makes it possible for the surface chemistry, for example, adsorbed atoms, to shift the bulk phase thermodynamics in favor of diamond, from multilayer graphene. Thermodynamic theory coupled with atomistic first principles computations predicts not only the reduction of required pressure (p/p∞ > 1 − h0/h) but also the nucleation barriers, definitive for the kinetic feasibility of diamane formation. Moreover, the optimal adsorbent chair‐pattern on a bilayer graphene results in a cubic diamond lattice, while for thicker precursors the adsorbent boat‐structure tends to produce hexagonal diamond (lonsdaleite), if graphene is in AA′ stacking to start with. As adsorbents, H and F are conducive to diamond formation, while Cl appears sterically hindered.
Production and Optimization of Ultrafine Fiber from Yam Starch by Electrospinning Method Using Multivariate Analysis
Authors: de Souza Estefania Julia Dierings , dos Santos Felipe Nardo , Pires Juliani Buchveitz , Kringel Dianini Hüttner , da Silva Wyller Max Ferreira , Meinhart Adriana Dillenburg , Dias Alvaro Renato Guerra , Zavareze Elessandra da Rosa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study is to produce ultrafine fibers based on native yam starch as a polymeric material using the electrospinning technique. For this purpose, a 2³ multivariate design is used, with central and axial points in order to optimize the electrospinning operating conditions (source voltage, distance between the needle and the collector, and flow of the polymeric solution). The morphology and diameter of the ultrafine fibers are evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The investigated responses are the average diameter of the fibers, the standard deviation of the average diameter, and the number of beads. The optimum condition for the production of ultrafine fibers is: voltage of 20 kV, distance between the needle and the collector of 20.5 cm, and flow of 1 mL h−1. With these conditions, it is possible to form fibers with an average diameter of 134.1 ± 16.71 nm, with homogeneous morphology, and without beads.
Surveillance assessment for veterinary biocidal products in Korea: A laboratory investigation
Authors: Kang JeongWoo , Hossain Md Akil , Park Hae‐chul , Song Jae‐Young , Kim Yong‐Sang , Jeong Mi young , Chung Gab‐Soo , Lee Hye‐Sook , Yoon Hyeong‐Jun , Park Sung‐won , Lee Kwang‐jick 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVeterinary biocides used in animal husbandry have the potential to cause human health concerns. Biocidal products for veterinary use, which contain pesticides approved in Korea, comprise 49 active ingredients within 234 products. Within 17 of these products there are 3 ingredients which are highly hazardous pesticides: coumaphos, dichlorvos and methomyl. In this study, the content of the active ingredients of 160 products sold domestically was investigated. Samples were collected for 119 biocidal products for veterinary use. These were analysed by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC). Seventeen products were noncompliant (insufficient or excess quantity of active ingredients). The ingredients that were below the stated concentrations were amitraz, chlorpyrifos‐methyl, cypermethrin, cyromazine, dichlorvos, fipronil, muscamone and trichlorfon. The ingredients that exceeded the stated concentrations were abamectin, fluvalinate and pyriproxyfen. The noncompliance rate in biocidal products for veterinary use was 9.19%. The results of this study show that three highly hazardous pesticides (coumaphos, dichlorvos and methomyl) and 10 active ingredients (abamectin, amitraz, chlorpyrifos‐methyl, cypermethrin, cyromazine, fipronil, fluvalinate, muscamone, pyriproxyfen and trichlorfon) deviated from the stated concentrations. Thus, management plans should be established to ensure compliant veterinary drugs by post‐distribution quality control, such as planning for regular inspection.
Phosphorus recovery from wastewater using pyridine‐based ion‐exchange resins: Role of impregnated iron oxide nanoparticles and preloaded Lewis acid (Cu2+)
Authors: Beaudry Jeffrey W. , Sengupta Sukalyan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInputs of P into receiving water bodies are attracting increasing attention due to the negative effects of eutrophication. Presently available P treatment technologies are unable to achieve strict P discharge limits from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) that may be as low as 10 µg/L as P. Moreover, P is a nonrenewable resource and needs to be recycled in a closed‐loop process for environmental sustainability. This article provides details of a process where a pyridine‐based polymeric ion exchanger is modified with a combination of impregnated hydrated ferric oxide (HFO) nanoparticles and a preloaded Lewis acid (Cu2+) to effectuate selective P removal from wastewater and its recovery as a solid‐phase fertilizer. Three such ion exchangers were studied: DOW‐HFO, DOW‐Cu, and DOW‐HFO‐Cu. Each of these materials displays selective phosphate affinity over competing anions chloride and sulfate, and also has the ability to be regenerated upon exhaustion to strip off the P in a concentrated solution. The P in concentrated regenerant can be recovered as struvite, MgNH4PO4, a slow‐release fertilizer, after addition of MgCl2 and NH4Cl. Results of equilibrium and kinetic studies and column experiments with synthetic solutions and a real WWTP effluent are discussed.Practitioner points

Fixed‐bed columns with DOW‐HFO, DOW‐Cu, or DOW‐HFO‐Cu—can selectively remove phosphorus over competing anions.

Fixed‐bed columns of above‐listed ion exchangers can produce an effluent P < 6 μg/L.

DOW‐Cu fixed‐bed column ran for ≈500 Bed Volumes before breakthrough when fed Dartmouth WWTP secondary effluent.

Regeneration of the exhausted DOW‐Cu column resulted in ≈90% recovery of the phosphorus.

Regenerant solution was used to generate high‐purity crystals of magnesium ammonium phosphate, MgNH4PO4 (struvite), a slow‐release fertilizer.
Fixed-order and merged parton-shower predictions for WW and WWj production at the LHC including NLO QCD and EW corrections
Authors: Bräuer Stephan , Denner Ansgar , Pellen Mathieu , Schönherr Marek , Schumann Steffen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
First, we present a combined analysis of pp $$ \to {\mu}^{+}{v}_{\mu }{\mathrm{e}}^{-}{\overline{v}}_{\mathrm{e}} $$
→

μ
+

v
μ

e
−

v
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e

and pp $$ \to {\mu}^{+}{v}_{\mu }{\mathrm{e}}^{-}{\overline{v}}_{\mathrm{e}}\mathrm{j} $$
→

μ
+

v
μ

e
−

v
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e

j
at next-to-leading order, including both QCD and electroweak corrections. Second, we provide all-order predictions for pp $$ \to {\mu}^{+}{v}_{\mu }{\mathrm{e}}^{-}{\overline{v}}_{\mathrm{e}}+ $$
→

μ
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v
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e
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v
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jets using merged parton-shower simulations that also include approximate EW effects. A fully inclusive sample for WW production is compared to the fixed-order computations for exclusive zero- and one-jet selections. The various higher-order effects are studied in detail at the level of cross sections and differential distributions for realistic experimental set-ups. Our study confirms that merged predictions are significantly more stable than the fixed-order ones in particular regarding ratios between the two processes.
Aggregating multiple ordinal rankings in engineering design: the best model according to the Kendall’s coefficient of concordance
Authors: Franceschini Fiorenzo , Maisano Domenico 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAggregating the preferences of a group of experts is a recurring problem in several fields, including engineering design; in a nutshell, each expert formulates an ordinal ranking of a set of alternatives and the resulting rankings should be aggregated into a collective one. Many aggregation models have been proposed in the literature, showing strengths and weaknesses, in line with the implications of Arrow's impossibility theorem. Furthermore, the coherence of the collective ranking with respect to the expert rankings may change depending on: (i) the expert rankings themselves and (ii) the aggregation model adopted. This paper assesses this coherence for a variety of aggregation models, through a recent test based on the Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W), and studies the characteristics of those models that are most likely to achieve higher coherence. Interestingly, the so-called Borda count model often provides best coherence, with some exceptions in the case of collective rankings with ties. The description is supported by practical examples.
The moment problem on curves with bumps
Authors: Kimsey David P. , Putinar Mihai 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe power moments of a positive measure on the real line or the circle are characterized by the non-negativity of an infinite matrix, Hankel, respectively Toeplitz, attached to the data. Except some fortunate configurations, in higher dimensions there are no non-negativity criteria for the power moments of a measure to be supported by a prescribed closed set. We combine two well studied fortunate situations, specifically a class of curves in two dimensions classified by Scheiderer and Plaumann, and compact, basic semi-algebraic sets, with the aim at enlarging the realm of geometric shapes on which the power moment problem is accessible and solvable by non-negativity certificates.
Hypoglycaemic, antioxidative and phytochemical evaluation of Cornus mas varieties
Authors: Szczepaniak Oskar , Cielecka-Piontek Judyta , Kobus-Cisowska Joanna 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) is a plant growing in Central and Eastern Europe. Its fruits are a rich source of anthocyanins, flavonoids and iridoids. Among the iridoids, loganic acid is the most prevalent. The study aimed to examine the relation between loganic acid content, antioxidant capacity and hypoglycaemic effect in vivo for three Polish cultivars of C. mas. All tested cultivars strongly inhibited α-glucosidase and had similar amounts of highly bioabsorbable loganic acid. The loganic acid content was similar for each cultivar tested, while the cultivars differed in content of flavonoids and anthocyanins. The highest antioxidant potential was observed in the fruits of cv. Szafer, and the highest α-glucosidase inhibitor was cv. P5. A statistical analysis has shown that hypoglycaemic properties are prevalently driven by anthocyanin content and the antioxidant capacity, especially ferric-reducing ability partially based on loganic acid.
Effect of lurbinectedin on the QTc interval in patients with advanced solid tumors: an exposure–response analysis
Authors: Fudio Salvador , Tabernero Josep , Subbiah Vivek , Chawla Sant P. , Moreno Victor , Longo Federico , Lopez Rafael , Anton Antonio , Trigo Jose Manuel , Shapiro Geoffrey , Jeong Woondong , Villalobos Victor Manuel , Lubomirov Rubin , Fernandez-Teruel Carlos , Alfaro Vicente , Boni Valentina 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeThis study assessed the effect of lurbinectedin, a highly selective inhibitor of oncogenic transcription, on the change from baseline in Fridericia’s corrected QT interval (∆QTcF) and electrocardiography (ECG) morphological patterns, and lurbinectedin concentration–∆QTcF (C-∆QTcF) relationship, in patients with advanced solid tumors.MethodsPatients with QTcF ≤ 500 ms, QRS < 110 ms, PR < 200 ms, and normal cardiac conduction and function received lurbinectedin 3.2 mg/m2as a 1-h intravenous infusion every 3 weeks. ECGs were collected in triplicate via 12-lead digital recorder in treatment cycle 1 and 2 and analyzed centrally. ECG collection time-matched blood samples were drawn to measure lurbinectedin plasma concentration. No effect on QTc interval was concluded if the upper bound (UB) of the least square (LS) mean two-sided 90% confidence intervals (CI) for ΔQTcF at each time point was < 20 ms. C-∆QTcF was explored using linear mixed-effects analysis.ResultsA total of 1707 ECGs were collected from 39 patients (females, 22; median age, 56 years). The largest UB of the 90% CI of ΔQTcF was 9.6 ms, thus lower than the more conservative 10 ms threshold established at the ICH E14 guideline for QT studies in healthy volunteers. C-∆QTcF was better fit by an effect compartment model, and the 90% CI of predicted ΔQTcF at Cmaxwas 7.81 ms, also below the 10 ms threshold of clinical concern.ConclusionsECG parameters and C-ΔQTcF modelling in this prospective study indicate that lurbinectedin was not associated with a clinically relevant effect on cardiac repolarization.
Mechanism of skillful seasonal surface chlorophyll prediction over the southern Pacific using a global earth system model
Authors: Ham Yoo-Geun , Joo Young-Sik , Park Jong-Yeon 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the physical mechanism involved in an Earth system model (ESM)-based global marine biogeochemical prediction system providing successful forecasts of surface chlorophyll concentrations over the southern Pacific. The significant correlation skill of the surface chlorophyll concentration over the south-central Pacific (SP region, 160°–110° W, 10°–5° S) appears up to a 15-month lead. In contrast to the previously known role of the vertical nutrient supply on the predictive chlorophyll concentration forecasts, the NO3 budget analysis indicates that this prediction skill over the SP region is mostly controlled by the meridional advection of nutrients. Further analysis indicates that the controlling mechanisms involved in chlorophyll variability over the SP region can be explained by atmospheric and oceanic dynamics during the ENSO events. During La Nina, equatorial NO3 anomalies are increased due to enhanced equatorial upwelling, and the climatological southward current then advects nutrient-rich waters from the equator to the SP region $$\left( {{\text{i.e.,\,positive}}\, - \overline{v}\frac{{\partial {\text{NO}}_{{3}}^{\prime } }}{\partial y}} \right)$$

i.e.,\,positive

-

v
¯

∂

NO

3

′

∂
y

. In addition, anomalous easterly surface winds blow over the SP region as a circulation response to atmospheric diabatic heating anomalies during La Nina, which leads to southward current anomalies over the surface-layer ocean. This advects high climatological NO3 over the tropics to the subtropical south Pacific, which increases the NO3 anomalies $$\left( {{\text{i.e.,\, positive}} - v^{\prime}\frac{{\partial \overline{{{\text{NO}}_{3} }} }}{\partial y}} \right)$$

i.e.,\, positive

-

v
′

∂

NO
3

¯

∂
y

. This positive NO3 advection over the SP region is realistically simulated only at lead times shorter than 9 month, and the multi-season persistency of the nutrients contributes to the surface chlorophyll bloom at lead times longer than 1 year.
Better quality of life and less caregiver strain in young-onset Parkinson’s disease: a multicentre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Te Groen Maarten , Bloem Bastiaan R. , Wu Samuel S. , Post Bart ,   The Parkinson’s Foundation Quality Improvement Initiative investigators
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is typically considered as a disease of the elderly. However, there is a sizeable subgroup of patients where PD starts at a younger age, known as young-onset PD (YOPD). We evaluated the differences in quality of life and caregiver strain between YOPD and later onset PD (LOPD) patients in a large cohort.MethodsIn collaboration with the Parkinson Foundation Quality Improvement Initiative (PF-QII), we conducted a retrospective three-year analysis on 962 PD patients of the QII database (starting date May 2016). Of these, 272 patients had YOPD, and 690 had LOPD. The Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39) total score served as primary outcome measure. Furthermore, we analysed group differences in modified caregiver strain index (MCSI) total score, three cognition functions, and number of falls. A regression analysis adjusting for covariates was used to assess the association of age at onset with PDQ-39 and MCSI.ResultsPDQ scores were better in YOPD patients, MCSI scores on social constraint were lower in YOPD patients, but scores on financial constraint were higher in this group. After adjusting for covariates, YOPD patients had better quality of life and less caregiver strain at all follow-up moments, but not at baseline. Decline over time for all outcomes was lower in the YOPD group compared to the LOPD group. Cognitive functioning and number of falls progressed slower in the YOPD group compared to the LOPD group.ConclusionCompared to LOPD patients, YOPD patients had a better quality of life, less caregiver strain, fewer falls and better cognitive functioning after their first follow-up visit, and also a slower decline over time.
Contamination of surgical mask during aerosol-producing dental treatments
Authors: Gund Madline , Isack Jonas , Hannig Matthias , Thieme-Ruffing Sigrid , Gärtner Barbara , Boros Gabor , Rupf Stefan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Surgical masks are usually contaminated during dental treatment. So far it has not been investigated whether a surgical mask itself can be a source of microbial transmission. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the microbiological contamination of surgical masks during dental treatment and the transfer of microorganisms from the mask to the hands.

Materials and methods
Five dental treatment modalities were studied: carious cavity preparation (P-caries, n = 10), tooth substance preparation (P-tooth, n = 10), trepanation and root canal treatment (P-endo, n = 10), supragingival ultrasonic application (US-supra, n = 10), and subgingival periodontal ultrasonic instrumentation (US-sub, n = 10). Bacterial contamination of mask and gloves worn during treatment was tested by imprinting on agar plates. Additionally, before masks were tested, their outer surface was touched with a new sterile glove. This glove was also imprinted on agar. Bacteria were identified by MALDI TOF mass spectrometry. Colony-forming units (CFU) were scored: score 0: 0 CFU, score 1: < 102 CFU, score 2: > 102 CFU, score 3: dense microbial growth.

Results
All masks and all gloves used during treatment displayed bacterial contamination (sample scores 0/1/2/3: masks 0/46/3/1 and gloves 0/31/10/9). After touching the masks with new sterile gloves, microorganisms were recovered with the following contamination scores: P-caries: 4/6/0/0, P-tooth: 2/8/0/0: P-endo: 7/3/0/0, US-supra: 0/9/1/0, US-sub: 2/8/0/0. No statistically significant differences were detected between the treatment modalities. Streptococci spp. and Staphylococci spp. representing the oral and cutaneous flora dominated.

Conclusions
Surgical masks are contaminated after aerosol-producing dental treatment procedures. Used masks have a potential to be a source of bacterial contamination of the hands.

Clinical relevance
Dental staff should avoid touching the outer surface of masks with their hands to prevent transmission of pathogens. It is recommendable to change the mask after each treated patient followed by hand disinfection.