bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of Different Numerical Methods to Calculate the Pitch-angle Diffusion Coefficient from Full-orbit Simulations: Disentangling a Rope of Sand
Authors: van den Berg J. P. , Els P. L. , Engelbrecht N. E. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The pitch-angle diffusion coefficient (PADC) quantifies the effect of pitch-angle scattering on charged particles propagating through turbulent magnetic fields and is a key ingredient in understanding the diffusion of these particles along the background magnetic field. Despite its significance, only a limited number of studies have calculated the PADC from test-particle simulations in synthetic magnetic turbulence, employing various, often quite different, techniques for this purpose. In this study, we undertake a comparative analysis of nine different methods for calculating the PADC from full-orbit simulations. Our objective is to find the strengths and limitations of each method and to determine the most reliable approach. Although all nine methods should theoretically yield comparable results, certain methods may be ill-suited for numerical investigations, while others may not be applicable under conditions of strong turbulence. Through this investigation, we aim to provide recommendations for best practices when employing these methods in future numerical studies of pitch-angle scattering.
JWST/MIRI Detection of a Carbon-rich Chemistry in the Disk of a Solar Nebula Analog
Authors: Colmenares María José , Bergin Edwin A. , Salyk Colette , Pontoppidan Klaus M. , Arulanantham Nicole , Calahan Jenny , Banzatti Andrea , Andrews Sean , Blake Geoffrey A. , Ciesla Fred , Green Joel , Long 龙 Feng 凤 , Lambrechts Michiel , Najita Joan , Pascucci Ilaria , Pinilla Paola , Krijt Sebastiaan , Trapman Leon ,   the JDISCS Collaboration
Published: December 2024

Abstract
It has been proposed, and confirmed by multiple observations, that disks around low-mass stars display a molecule-rich emission and carbon-rich disk chemistry as compared to their hotter, more massive solar counterparts. In this work, we present JWST Disk Infrared Spectral Chemistry Survey MIRI-MRS observations of the solar-mass star DoAr 33, a low-accretion rate T Tauri star showing an exceptional carbon-rich inner disk. We report detections of H2O, OH, and CO2, as well as the more complex hydrocarbons, C2H2 and C4H2. Through the use of thermochemical models, we explore different spatial distributions of carbon and oxygen across the inner disk and compare the column densities and temperatures obtained from LTE slab model retrievals. We find the best match to the observed column densities with models that have carbon enrichment, and the retrieved emitting temperature and area of C2H2 with models that have C/O = 2–4 inside the 500 K carbon-rich dust sublimation line. This suggests that the origin of the carbon-rich chemistry is likely due to the sublimation of carbon-rich grains near the soot line. This would be consistent with the presence of dust processing as indicated by the detection of crystalline silicates. We propose that this long-lived hydrocarbon-rich chemistry observed around a solar-mass star is a consequence of the unusually low M-star-like accretion rate of the central star, which lengthens the radial mixing timescale of the inner disk, allowing the chemistry powered by carbon grain destruction to linger.
Insight-HXMT View of the Black Hole Candidate Swift J1727.8–1613 during Its Outburst in 2023
Authors: Chatterjee Kaushik , Mondal Santanu , Singh Chandra B. , Sugizaki Mutsumi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The transient Galactic black hole candidate Swift J1727.8-1613 went through an outburst for the very first time in 2023 August and lasted for almost 6 months. We study the timing and spectral properties of this source using publicly available archival Insight-HXMT data for the first 10 observation IDs that last from MJD 60181 to 60198 with a total of 92 exposures for each of the three energy bands. We have detected quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in a frequency range of 0.21 ± 0.01–1.86 ± 0.01 Hz by fitting the power density spectrum. Based on the model-fitted parameters and properties of the QPOs, we classify them as type C in nature. We also conclude that the origin of the QPOs could be the shock instabilities in the transonic advective accretion flows around black holes. The spectral analysis was performed using simultaneous data from the three onboard instruments LE, ME, and HE of Insight-HXMT in the broad energy band of 2−150 keV. To achieve the best fit, spectral fitting required a combination of models, e.g., interstellar absorption, power-law, multicolor disk–blackbody continuum, Gaussian emission/absorption, and reflection by neutral material. From the spectral properties, we found that the source was in an intermediate state at the start of the analysis period and was transitioning to the softer states. The inner edge of the accretion disk moved inward in progressive days following the spectral nature. We found that the source has a high inclination of 78°−86°. The hydrogen column density from the model fitting varied in the range of (0.12 ± 0.02−0.39 ± 0.08) × 1022 cm−2.
The Multimodal Universe: 100 TB of Machine Learning Ready Astronomical Data
Authors: Angeloudi Eirini , Audenaert Jeroen , Bowles Micah , Boyd Benjamin M. , Chemaly David , Cherinka Brian , Ciucă Ioana , Cranmer Miles , Do Aaron , Grayling Matthew , Hayes Erin E. , Hehir Tom , Ho Shirley , Huertas-Company Marc , Iyer Kartheik G. , Jablonska Maja , Lanusse Francois , Leung Henry W. , Mandel Kaisey , Martínez-Galarza Juan Rafael , Melchior Peter , Meyer Lucas , Parker Liam H. , Qu Helen , Shen Jeff , Smith Michael J. , Walmsley Mike , Wu John F. ,   The Multimodal Universe Collaboration
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We present the Multimodal Universe, a new framework collating over 100 TB of multimodal astronomical data for its first release, spanning images, spectra, time series, tabular and hyper-spectral data. This unified collection enables a wide variety of machine learning (ML) applications and research across astronomical domains. The dataset brings together observations from multiple surveys, facilities, and wavelength regimes, providing standardized access to diverse data types. By providing uniform access to this diverse data, the Multimodal Universe aims to accelerate the development of ML methods for observational astronomy that can work across the large differences in astronomical datasets. The framework is actively supported and is designed to be extended whilst enforcing minimal self consistent conventions making contributing data as simple and practical as possible.
Musiques et danses occitanes en Italie
Authors: Chiarini Silvia 
Published: December 2024

La création et la diffusion d’une musique et de danses propres aux Vallées occitanes d’Italie sont sans conteste les plus grandes réussites du mouvement occitaniste puisqu’elles ont permis de créer des contextes de sociabilité et de promouvoir une image d’occitanité à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur de cette aire. La catégorie de « musique et danses occitanes » s’y est si bien diffusée que, pour beaucoup de ses habitants, les Occitans sont tout bonnement « ceux qui jouent de la musique et qui dansent ». L’« âge patrimonial » des pratiques musico-chorégraphiques dans les Vallées occitanes d’Italie se décline en trois phases principales : revivalisme, trad-innovation, institutionnalisation. Au cours de chacune de ces phases, l’objet « musique occitane » ainsi que les modalités de sa transmission semblent connaître des évolutions majeures qui sont interrogées dans cette contribution.
Chercheurs en interaction avec le terrain corse
Authors: Herrgott Catherine 
Published: December 2024

Les collectes et les analyses ethnomusicologiques menées en Corse, depuis la première campagne de collectage de Félix Quilici en 1948 par Wolfgang Laade et Markus Römer, constituent des travaux de terrain pionniers et essentiels. Dans les années 1970, l’accent a été mis sur le phénomène d’identité et de processus identitaire, d’oralité puis de création dans les années 1980 et 1990. Cette deuxième phase de collectages, à laquelle j’associe les études sur les polyphonies sacrées franciscaines rassemblées par Marcel Pérès (1996) et le travail de l’ethnomusicologue italien Ignazio Macchiarella sur le falsobordone (1995), a duré une trentaine d’années jusqu’à l’orée des années 2000 et a été marquée par une forte prégnance masculine chez les chercheurs comme chez les praticiens/collecteurs. Des années 2000 à aujourd’hui, l’intérêt se porte plus particulièrement sur le phénomène d’invention (ou réinvention), sur les processus de patrimonialisation des musiques traditionnelles et de spectacularisation des musiques de tradition orale. Actuellement, de jeunes chercheuses mènent des analyses acoustiques et articulatoires à partir d’un matériau vocal polyphonique collecté en 2014. Si la question de la relation au terrain de chercheurs allochtones et autochtones traverse les trois phases de la période considérée, la dernière soulève la thématique du rapport, plutôt inédit, au terrain corse de chercheuses non insulaires.
Asthma Prevalence, Air Pollution, and Public Health Implications in Saudi Arabian Adults: Cross Sectional
Authors: Aljedani Haneen Mohammed , Almousa Wareef Yousef , Aloufi Lubna Hossam , Aleid Ahmed Fadeil , Karawi Hussain Tariq , Alharbi Nawaf Fahhad , Aljabri Ahmed Mohammed , Alhodibi Mostafa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Asthma, a chronic respiratory disease, is a growing concern globally, particularly among children. There is a lack of data regarding the prevalence of asthma and its potential connection with air pollution among Saudi Arabian adults.

Objectives:
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of asthma among Saudi Arabian adults and to examine the association between air pollution and the prevalence of asthma in Saudi Arabian adults.

Methods:
This study focused on Saudi Arabian adults aged 18 years and older; the data were gathered using a stratified random sampling methodology across various regions in Saudi Arabia. The research encompassed a sample of 1665 participants. Data collection involved validated questionnaires to assess asthma prevalence and air pollution levels.

Results:
A total of 1665 participants took part in the survey; a significant positive correlation (r = 0.714, P < 0.001) was found between asthma prevalence and air pollution levels. Four hundred and twenty-three (25.4%) participants reported a history of asthma diagnosis, with a notable 1035 (62.2%) disclosing a family history of asthma. In addition, 405 (24.3%) participants exhibited worsened asthma symptoms in areas with high air pollution levels. Five hundred and thirty-one (31.9%) participants adjusted their daily routines in response to air pollution concerns.

Conclusions:
This study sheds light on the crucial relationship between asthma prevalence and its association with air pollution, providing a foundational platform for future investigations. Recommendations include the need for targeted interventions to mitigate air pollution’s effects on respiratory health in Saudi Arabia and further research to delve into causal relationships and inform policy measures.
Epidemiology of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps in the Adult Population of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Jafar Rafaa Jameel , Aljohani Shahad Ayesh , Aljohani Saleh Saud , Altoukhi Samar M. , Alquraini Sadeem Khalid , Alanazi Reem , Alyahya Khalid 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), a prevalent condition with a variety of clinical manifestations, is characterised by inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses lasting over 12 weeks. It is often diagnosed based on symptoms such as nasal obstruction, discharge and facial pain and confirmed through nasal endoscopy or computed tomography scans. CRS is categorised into two phenotypes: CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyps, each with distinct clinical features. CRSwNP, a subtype of this illness, affects about 25%–30% of CRS patients and 1%–4% of the general population, with a notably high prevalence of 67.7% among CRS patients in Saudi Arabia. This study addresses the gap in the literature regarding the prevalence and risk factors of CRSwNP in the Saudi Arabian context, aiming to understand its epidemiology and inform the development of targeted treatments and strategies.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of CRSwNP in Saudi Arabia, assessing its occurrence across various age groups and genders and exploring potential correlations with allergic rhinitis, asthma, aspirin intolerance, smoking and genetic predisposition. The research combined medical and surgical approaches to decrease disease burden and improve symptom control, focusing on steroid nasal sprays, oral steroids, saline rinses and antibiotics. The study also evaluated the impact of CRSwNP on physical and mental health-related quality of life.

Results:
The findings revealed a significant prevalence of CRSwNP among the studied population in Saudi Arabia. The study identified various risk factors associated with CRSwNP, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, aspirin intolerance, smoking and genetic predisposition. Furthermore, the research highlighted the complexity of CRSwNP’s pathophysiology, involving local, systemic, microbiological, environmental, genetic and iatrogenic factors.

Conclusion:
The study successfully illuminated the prevalence and risk factors of CRSwNP in the Saudi Arabian adult population, providing valuable insights into the disease. It contributes significantly to the global understanding of CRSwNP and underscores the importance of developing targeted treatments and therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes. This research opens new avenues for exploring the epidemiology of CRSwNP and its management, thus influencing future public health policies and clinical practices.
Socialist-neoliberal Conservation: Hopeful Resilience within the Hoàng Liên National Park, Vietnam
Authors: Roberge Dominic , Michaud Jean , Lutard Paul 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article tackles some resilient discourses and strategies engaged by Hmong and Mien people living in Hoàng Liên National Park, a prominent conservation area of the northern Vietnamese highlands located in Sa Pa district, Lao Cai province, Vietnam. Facing the neoliberal transition of socialist institutions, economy, and ecology, communities living in and out of this mountain range must adopt enduring mindsets and demeanours to sustain their environmental imaginaries and ensure some future for their hard-earned livelihoods. Looking at this situation through everyday politics, we argue that resilience theory—when used duly—can help fill the gap between blatant opposition and straight acceptance and reveal the inconspicuous strategies of continuity and adaptations adopted by subordinated groups and individuals. Inside Hoàng Liên’s socialist-neoliberal conservation system, administrators apply principles of responsibilisation and co-management through private financing and development initiatives, and in the process, dumping much of the burden on highlanders’ shoulders. On the other hand, they hope to pursue their way of life, making the most of local opportunities. Such cohabitation causes undue pressures, which Mien and Hmong communities deal with by creatively engaging with, adjusting to, and evading the national park’s rationale while rangers keep a close eye.
Long-term Outcomes Following Metabolic Bariatric Surgery in Diabetic Patients: A Multicenter Real-world Study by Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Society of India
Authors: Bindal Vivek , Khaitan Manish , Raj P. Praveen , Wadhawan Randeep , Shah Sumeet , Gupta Shailesh , Prasad Arun , Peters Atul N. C. , Narwaria Mahendra , Aggarwal Sandeep , Kular K. S. , Baig Sarfaraz Jalil , Bhasker Aparna Govil , Katakwar Abhishek , Goel Deep , Vikani Mehul , Pandey Dhananjay , Ahmed Shahiq , Agarwal Priyanka , Dhagat Dipali , Jaithlia Harsha , Siddique Deeba , Arora Beena , Singh Arya , Mansuri Naureen A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
The purpose of this study was to assess the mid-to-long-term outcomes of diabetic obese Indian patients who underwent metabolic-bariatric surgery (MBS).

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective chart review was conducted across 11 centers. Data on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), Vitamin D3, Vitamin B12, body mass index (BMI), and quality of life (QoL) were collected from medical records before surgery and up to 10 years afterward.

Results:
In this study, data from 886 individuals with a mean age of 47.02 ± 10.77 years were collected and analyzed. The study population comprised 36.23% of males and 63.77% of females with a mean BMI of 46.35 ± 10.74 kg/m2. The mean HbA1c levels for the overall study population improved significantly (P < 0.05) after 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 years of MBS. Additionally, among surgery-specific groups, the one-anastomosis gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) subgroups all showed a significant improvement in mean HbA1c levels for a period of up to 7 years. Vitamin D3 and Vitamin B12 levels improved significantly after 1 year and 3 years in the overall population as well as in RYGB and SG subgroups. There was a significant improvement in the mean BMI for both the overall population and surgery-specific subgroups at all periods. The mean QoL score ranged between good and very good categories at different time points following MBS.

Conclusions:
MBS significantly and persistently improved the HbA1c, FBG, BMI, Vitamin D3, Vitamin B12, and QoL scores of people with diabetes and obesity.
Evaluating the pain at site, onset of action, duration and anesthetic efficacy of conventional, buffered lidocaine, and precooled lidocaine with intraoral cryotherapy application in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A clinical study
Authors: Karunakar P. , Solomon Raji Viola , Kumar B. Sravan , Reddy S. Shalini 
Published: December 2024

Aim:
Injection pain and incomplete anesthesia can lead to procedural failure, causing fear and anxiety among patients. The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate pain at the site, the onset of action, duration, anesthetic efficacy, and success rates of conventional, buffered, and precooled 2% lidocaine of an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) in symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP).

Materials and Methodology:
In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 45 patients with deep carious lesions having moderate-to-severe pain in the mandibular first molar teeth were selected. Patients were randomized into one of the following groups: Group I-Conventional lidocaine (Control), Group II-Buffered lidocaine (Experimental), and Group III-Precooled lidocaine with intraoral cryotherapy (Experimental). All patients received an IANB followed by which the pain at the site, onset of action, duration, anesthetic efficacy, and success rate were compared and evaluated.

Statistical Analysis:
Kruskal–Wallis and Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis.

Results:
Data were statistically analyzed and there was a significant reduction in pain at the site with faster onset of action and higher anesthetic efficacy in buffered lidocaine followed by precooled lidocaine. The success rate for conventional IANB is 38.9%, for buffered lidocaine, 86.2%, and for precooled lidocaine, 78.9%.

Conclusions:
In patients with a mandibular molar presenting with SIP, block anesthesia with buffered lidocaine showed the best results and a superior success rate, followed by precooled lidocaine, with the least efficacy seen in the conventional lidocaine group.
Efficacy of two instrument retrieval techniques in removing separated rotary and reciprocating nickel-titanium files in mandibular molars – An in vitro study
Authors: Jitesh S. , Surendran Smita , Natanasabapathy Velmurugan 
Published: December 2024

Context:
This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of both the staging platform (SP) and burrow platform (BP) techniques in the retrieval of separated rotary and reciprocating files in mesiobuccal (MB) canals of mandibular molars.

Materials and Methods:
Forty extracted human mandibular molars with moderate curvature were used in this study. Anatomically, size-matched samples were equally distributed into two different retrieval techniques: Group SP and Group BP. Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups based on their motion kinematics: rotary and reciprocating subgroups. Four millimeters of ProTaper F1 20/07 (rotary) and WaveOne Gold 20/07 (reciprocating) instruments was separated at the apical third region of the MB canal in mandibular molars. Both techniques’ success in retrieving separated files was assessed and the canal volume loss was calculated using cone-beam computed tomography. The total time taken for retrieval was also analyzed.

Results:
The overall success rate for retrieval of separated instruments (SIs) was 92.5% (37/40). There was no significant difference in retrieval success rates between SP (95%) and BP technique (90%). BP technique (2.32 mm3 and 103 min) resulted in significantly lesser canal volume loss and longer time for retrieval when compared to SP technique (3.75 mm3 and 90 min).

Conclusion:
Within the limitations of the current study, in mandibular molars with moderate curvature, the BP technique showed a similar success rate to that of SP technique for retrieval of SI. The BP technique resulted in lesser canal volume loss but took more time for retrieval of SI when compared with SP technique.
Advent of novel vehicle in regenerative endodontics and its effect on dentinal penetration of intracanal medicaments
Authors: Shronika Shronika , Jain Gaurav , Misra Pradyumna 
Published: December 2024

Context:
Regenerative endodontic procedures allow continued root development, but open apices limit mechanical debridement which implores the need for an effective and potent intracanal medicament to disinfect the canal space.

Aim:
This study aimed to assess the effect of nanobubble (NB) water on dentinal penetration of intracanal medicaments in simulated immature teeth.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 60 freshly extracted mandibular premolars were prepared to simulate blunderbuss canals. Canals were irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid by a final rinse of saline. Teeth were divided into 3 groups with different medicaments which were further subdivided into two subgroups with saline and NB water as vehicle, respectively. The longitudinal sections of teeth were evaluated using stereomicroscopy.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test were used.

Results:
The results indicated that samples with NB water as vehicle showed better penetration than their counterparts that were carried with saline. The highest penetration was seen in the middle third of the root.

Conclusions:
It could be concluded that NB water enhanced the dentinal penetration of all antimicrobial agents and calcium hypochlorite with NB water showed maximum penetration depth.