bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Fixed Photovoltaic Panel “Tilt” Angles for Maximal Energy Harvest Considering Year-Around Sky Coverage Conditions
Authors: Gwesha Ammar Omar , Li Peiwen , Alfulayyih Yasir Mohammed 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The fixed setup angles of photovoltaic (PV) panels are typically optimized properly in order to maximize the electrical energy harvest. In the present work, the sunlight availability or sky coverage conditions of sufficiently small time intervals for everyday around the year are counted in the modeling for computation of solar energy on the PV panel in order to optimize the panel tilt angles. Maximal energy harvest in a year is the objective of choosing the optimal tilt angles. The analysis calculates vectors of instantaneous sunray and solar panel normal direction to consider the ‘cosine’ effect. The energy harvested in every 6 min by a PV panel of per square meter is summated for day-long period from sunrise to sunset when the sun elevation angle is above 5 deg. The general model is applied to the authors’ local city, Tucson, Arizona, USA. The results show that the annual solar energy received by a solar panel tilted with a fixed angle of equal to the local latitude could reach to 2297 kWh/m2 with the 10-year averaged sky coverage conditions of every 6 min considered. However, if a PV panel is inclined using the discovered optimal angles with two times, four-seasonal, and monthly adjustments, the gain in the yearly solar energy harvest can be 7.59%, 7.60%, and 9.19%, respectively, greater than that with the fixed angle equal to local latitude.
Development and Verification of Multiphysical Coupling Calculation Code for Typical Pressured Water Reactor Core
Authors: Li Zhigang , An Ping , Pan Junjie , Liu Wei , Lu Wei , Qiang Shenglong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Strong feedback phenomenon between the reactor physical and thermal-hydraulic has an important impact on the design and safety analysis of pressured water reactor (PWR). In order to accurately simulate the strong coupling effect of hydraulic in PWR, a reactor multiphysical coupling calculation code is developed, in which the three-dimensional (3D) space–time neutron dynamic equation is solved by the nodal expansion method (NEM) and nodal green's function method (NGFM); the coolant temperature and fuel temperature are solved by single channel model and the cylinder heat conduction model, respectively. The 3D light water reactor (LWR) benchmark and the Nuclear Energy Agency Committee on Reactor Physics (NEACRP) PWR rod ejection benchmark are used to verify the neutronics model and coupling calculation solution ability, respectively. The results show that: (1) the NEM and NGFM have high accuracy in solving the 3D space–time neutron dynamics equation; (2) the results of neutronics and thermal-hydraulic coupling steady/transient calculation such as core normalized power and fuel Doppler temperature are in good agreement with those of the NEACRP PWR benchmark, and the calculation accuracy is equivalent to similar software. Four coupled reactor physics and thermal hydraulic calculation modes are used to analyze the influence of different reactor physics calculation methods and thermal hydraulic calculation methods on the key parameters of PWR transient process in this paper. The results show that the mode of NGFM + finite volume method (FVM) can more accurately simulate the reactor core normalized power peak and fuel Doppler temperature.
Induced Knockdown of Decorin, Alone and in Tandem With Biglycan Knockdown, Directly Increases Aged Murine Patellar Tendon Viscoelastic Properties
Authors: Leiphart Ryan J. , Shetye Snehal S. , Weiss Stephanie N. , Dyment Nathaniel A. , Soslowsky Louis J. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Tendon injuries increase with age, yet the age-associated changes in tendon properties remain unexplained. Decorin and biglycan are two matrix proteoglycans that play complex roles in regulating tendon formation, maturation, and aging, most notably in extracellular matrix assembly and maintenance. However, the roles of decorin and biglycan have not been temporally isolated in a homeostatic aged context. The goal of this work was to temporally isolate and define the roles of decorin and biglycan in regulating aged murine patellar tendon mechanical properties. We hypothesized that decorin would have a larger influence than biglycan on aged tendon mechanical properties and that biglycan would have an additive role in this regulation. When decorin and biglycan were knocked down in aged tendons, minimal changes in gene expression were observed, implying that these models directly define the roles of decorin and biglycan in regulating tendon mechanical properties. Knockdown of decorin or biglycan led to minimal changes in quasi-static mechanical properties. However, decorin deficiency led to increases in stress relaxation and phase shift that were exacerbated when coupled with biglycan deficiency. This study highlights an important role for decorin, alone and in tandem with biglycan, in regulating aged tendon viscoelastic properties.
Self-Tuning Extended Kalman Filter Parameters to Identify Ankle's Third-Order Mechanics
Authors: Coronado E. , González A. , Cárdenas A. , Maya M. , Chiovetto E. , Piovesan D. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The estimation of human ankle's mechanical impedance is an important tool for modeling human balance. This work presents the implementation of a parameter-estimation approach based on a state-augmented extended Kalman filter (AEKF) to infer the ankle's mechanical impedance during quiet standing. However, the AEKF filter is sensitive to the initialization of the noise covariance matrices. In order to avoid a time-consuming trial-and-error method and to obtain a better estimation performance, a genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to best tune the measurement noise (Rk) and process noise covariances (Q) of the extended Kalman filter (EKF). Results using simulated data show the efficacy of the proposed algorithm for parameter-estimation of a third-order biomechanical model. Experimental validation of these results is also presented. They suggest that age is an influencing factor in the human balance.
Doubleverse entanglement in third quantized non-minimally coupled varying constants cosmologies
Authors: Balcerzak Adam , Marosek Konrad 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper we consider a third quantized cosmological model with varying speed of light c and varying gravitational constant G both represented by non-minimally coupled scalar fields. The third quantization of such a model leads to a scenario of the doubleverse with the two components being quantum mechanically entangled. We calculate the two parameters describing the entanglement, namely: the energy and the entropy of entanglement where the latter appears to be a proper measure of the entanglement. We consider a possibility that the entanglement can manifests itself as an effective perfect fluid characterized by the time dependent barotropic index $$w_{eff}$$weff, which for some specific case corresponds to the fluid of cosmic strings. It seems that such an entanglement induced effective perfect fluid may generate significant backreaction effect at early times.
Snapshot Impact of COVID‐19 on Mental Wellness in Nonphysician Otolaryngology Health Care Workers: A National Study
Authors: Prasad Aman , Civantos Alyssa M. , Byrnes Yasmeen , Chorath Kevin , Poonia Seerat , Chang Changgee , Graboyes Evan M. , Bur Andrés M. , Thakkar Punam , Deng Jie , Seth Rahul , Trosman Samuel , Wong Anni , Laitman Benjamin M. , Shah Janki , Stubbs Vanessa , Long Qi , Choby Garret , Rassekh Christopher H. , Thaler Erica R. , Rajasekaran Karthik 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveNonphysician health care workers are involved in high‐risk patient care during the COVID‐19 pandemic, placing them at high risk of mental health burden. The mental health impact of COVID‐19 in this crucial population has not been studied thus far. Thus, the objective of this study is to assess the psychosocial well‐being of these providers.Study DesignNational cross‐sectional online survey (no control group).SettingAcademic otolaryngology programs in the United States.Subjects and MethodsWe distributed a survey to nonphysician health care workers in otolaryngology departments across the United States. The survey incorporated a variety of validated mental health assessment tools to measure participant burnout (Mini‐Z assessment), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder–7), distress (Impact of Event Scale), and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire–2). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine predictive factors associated with these mental health outcomes.ResultsWe received 347 survey responses: 248 (71.5%) nurses, 63 (18.2%) administrative staff, and 36 (10.4%) advanced practice providers. A total of 104 (30.0%) respondents reported symptoms of burnout; 241 (69.5%), symptoms of anxiety; 292 (84.1%), symptoms of at least mild distress; and 79 (22.8%), symptoms of depression. Upon further analysis, development of these symptoms was associated with factors such as occupation, practice setting, and case load.ConclusionFrontline otolaryngology health care providers exhibit high rates of mental health complications, particularly anxiety and distress, in the wake of COVID‐19. Adequate support systems must be put into place to address these issues.
Role of residual liver volumetry and function in prediction of liver tolerability after transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients: deriving a clinical decision support score
Authors: Elsawy Abdallah A. , Dawoud Mohamed Mahmoud , Elarabawy Reda A. , Mohamed Waleed S. , Dawoud Rasha Mahmoud 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the recommended treatment modality for non-resectable intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma; however, this stage has wide variable levels of liver functions and tumor burden making a challenge as regards the tolerability of the functioning residual liver to this type of therapy. Further stratification of this intermediate stage may help the clinical decision for the suitability of TACE, so we tried to derive a clinical decision support tool to predict the tolerability of the functioning residual liver to TACE using pre-intervention liver reserve function and liver residual volume as well as tumor burden.

Results
Two hundred and fifty-two patients with non-resectable intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were consecutively included in this cohort study; all patients were blindly followed up for 6 weeks after TACE for manifestation of liver decompensation. For univariate logistic regression analysis, the significant predictors were age, s.albumin, s.bilirubin, prothrombin concentration (PC), tumor volume (TV), residual liver volume (RLV), and residual to liver volumetric ratio (RLVR) (sig, 0.007, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.002, and 0.000, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis illustrated that s.albumin, s.bilirubin, PC, and RLVR were the most independent significant predictors (sig, 0.000 for all with adjusted OR 0.002, 22.692, 0.827, and 0.000, respectively). The discriminatory performance of our proposed decision support score (liver tolerability score) was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristics that identified two cutoff points (≤ 0.30 and ≥ 0.83) to rule out or rule in the possibility of liver decompensation after TACE, respectively (AUC, 0.942 and sig. 0.000). Liver tolerability score stratified the intermediate stage of HCC to 3 risk grades (low, medium, and high) with significant difference as regards hazard distribution.

Conclusion
Computed tomography image-based assessment of RLVR may have a possible role in predicting future tolerability of the functioning residual tissue to TACE of HCC. Liver tolerability score (LTS) could stratify the intermediate stage HCC to 3 risk grades, so LTS may have a role in clinical decision for the suitability of TACE for intermediate stage HCC.
Characteristics of pediatric patients with traumatic epidural hematomas who can be safely observed: a clinical validation study
Authors: Call Lindsay , Qiu Qian , morris Jeffrey , Flaherty Brian , Vavilala Monica S. , Mills Brianna , Bratton Susan , Mossa-Basha Mahmud 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
The study aimed to validate admission clinical and radiographic features of pediatric patients with traumatic epidural hematoma (EDH) that lead to safe observation.

Methods:
A Level I trauma center radiology and electronic medical record databases were retrospectively queried for pediatric patients with EDH on CT scan between 1/1/2016 and 10/1/2016. Patient imaging, treatment and outcome variables were abstracted. Characteristics of the cohort were compared to an external cohort used to develop prediction rules for surgical intervention. External validity of the prediction rules was assessed.

Results:
195 eligible subjects were included in the study, 37 of which failed observation and required surgery while 158 underwent successful observation. The surgical cohort had significantly thicker (p &lt; .001) and higher volume (p &lt; .001) EDH, increased midline shift (p &lt; .001) and higher likelihood of mass effect (p &lt; .001). There was significantly higher residual neurologic deficit rate (54% vs 23%, p &lt; .001) and hospital mortality (5% vs 0%, p = .035) amongst the surgical group. There were significant differences in patient demographic, clinical and imaging characteristics between the internal and external cohorts. The predictive rules externally developed yielded positive predictive value of 97.7% (95% CI = 93.3–99.5%), negative predictive value of 24.5% (95% CI = 16.2–34.4%), specificity of 88.5% (95% CI = 69.9–97.6%), and sensitivity of 63.8% (95% CI = 56.6–70.5%) for successful observation.

Conclusion:
The current study validates previously developed prediction rules for safe observation of pediatric EDH in a cohort with distinct characteristics from the external cohort. Specifically, patients with no mass effect, EDH volume &lt;15 ml and no neurological deficits are less likely to fail observation.

Advances in knowledge:
The current study validates prediction rules for safe observation of pediatric EDH in a distinct pediatric cohort that provides further support to conservative management in these circumstances.
Acceptability of newborn pulse oximetry screening
Authors: Giakoumi Maria , Budha-Magar Om Kumari , Chee Ying Hui , Kelsall Wilf Anthony 
Published: August 2020

Aim The aim of this study was to determine the acceptance of the midwives regarding the use of newborn pulse oximetry screening (NPOS) over a four-year period in a UK tertiary maternity unit. Methods An electronic survey of 10 questions was emailed to all midwives working in the maternity unit. Feedback was requested on their experience of performing NPOS using a feasibility scale (1=easy to 10=difficult). Other qualitative feedback explored the perceived usefulness and recollection of positive screening outcomes. The collated feedback was analysed using Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. Results Complete responses were received from 99 of 236 (42%) midwives. The average scale rankings of 3.46 (pre-introduction) and 2.38 (post-introduction) indicates that the responding midwives were positive about NPOS (z=-4.5575; p<0.001) and 99% (n=98) felt it was an important screening tool. Of the midwives, 38 (39%) had at least one positive screening result. Conditions identified included cardiac anomalies, sepsis and diaphragmatic hernia. Conclusion Our single-centre survey suggests that the NPOS has been well accepted by the midwifery staff in this maternity unit.
Synergistic action of propolis with levodopa in the management of Parkinsonism in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Ayikobua Emmanuel Tiyo , Kasolo Josephine , Kasozi Keneth Iceland , Eze Ejike Daniel , Safiriyu Abass , Ninsiima Herbert Izo , Kiyimba Kennedy , Namulema Jackline , Jjesero Edward , Ssempijja Fred , Semuyaba Ibrahim , Mwandah Daniel Chans , Kimanje Kyobe Ronald , Kalange Muhamudu , Okpanachi Alfred Omachonu , Nansunga Miriam 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
The Phosphatase and tensin-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1B9) mutant for Drosophila melanogaster is a key tool that has been used in assessing the pathology of Parkinsonism and its possible remedy. This research was targeted toward determining the effects of ethanolic extract of propolis, with levodopa therapy in the management of Parkinsonism.

Method
The PINK1B9 flies were divided into groups and fed with the different treatment doses of ethanoic extract of propolis. The treatment groups were subjected to 21 days of administration of propolis and the levodopa at different doses after which percentage climbing index, antioxidant activity and lifespan studies were done.

Results
Propolis alone improved motor activity, antioxidant and lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster than in PINK1 flies. Propolis in combination with levodopa significantly (P<0.05) improved physiological parameters at higher than lower concentrations in Parkinsonism Drosophila melanogaster demonstrating its importance in managing side effects associated with levodopa.

Conclusion
Propolis is a novel candidate as an alternative and integrative medicinal option to use in the management of Parkinsonism in both animals and humans at higher concentrations.
Ketamine Versus Tramadol Effectiveness as Postoperative Oral Analgesics on Pediatric Patients Age 5-10 Years in Elective Surgery at Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya
Authors: Putri Herdiani Sulistyo , Hanindito Elizeus , Sulistyono Herdy 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: The use of ketamine and tramadol as postoperative analgesics for pediatric are still relatively rare, especially orally administrated. As an analgesic, ketamine blocks the NMDA receptor, the main excitatory transmitter in CNS; whereas tramadol blocks serotonin and norepinephrine uptake, thus preventing pain transmission on the spinal cord. Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of oral ketamine and oral tramadol as analgesics for postoperative acute pain in children. Method: A double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted at Dr. Soetomo Hospital. The hospital ethical committee had approved this study. The subject includes thirty children aged 5-10 years old who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. They were divided into either ketamine groups or the tramadol group, in which each group consisting of fifteen patients. The regimen dosage that been given was 2mg/kg tramadol and ketamine as postoperative oral analgesics in the form of simple syrup. The FLACC table was used to evaluate pain score before and after administration of drugs (30-minutes, 1-hour, 2-hours, 3-hours, 4-hours, and at discharge from the recovery room). Result and Discussion: Based on the quantitative parameter of the FLACC (scale 0-10), there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the first-hour postoperative administration and patient discharge from the recovery room. The patient of ketamine group had far lower FLACC value compared to the tramadol group. Rescue analgesics in the form of intravenous fentanyl were given to one patient (6.7%) in the ketamine group and four patients (26.7%) in the tramadol group. Conclusion: Ketamine proved to be a better and more effective postoperative oral analgesic compared to tramadol in this study.
Superior Pole Sleeve Fracture of the Patella in an Adolescent
Authors: Siddiqui Rabail , Singh Amardeep , Cullinan Claude 
Published: August 2020

Case:
We describe a case of a superior pole sleeve fracture of the patella in a healthy 12-year-old boy and provide a review of the literature. Patella pole sleeve fractures occur primarily in the paediatric population, with inferior pole fractures more commonly seen. Superior pole fractures are rare, which may make adequate diagnosis and treatment difficult.

Conclusion:
This case report aims to inform surgeons to be diligent of superior patella pole sleeve fractures and demonstrate the effective use of ultrasound imaging (as opposed to magnetic resonance imaging) in the diagnosis of the injury. Furthermore, this case report provides insight on diagnosis, treatments, and outcomes.
Aerobic exercise and octopamine protects against deep-frying oil-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through modulation of caspase and pro-caspase 3
Authors: kianmehr Pantea , Azarbayjani Mohammad Ali , Peeri Maghsoud , Farzanegi Parvin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background : Deep-frying is a common cooking method in which cooking is accompanied by carcinogenic byproducts such as acrolein. Acrolein is a toxic byproduct of lipid peroxidation, which has been implicated in pulmonary, cardiac, and neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to explore the effect of aerobic exercise and octopamine on caspase 3 and pro-caspase 3 expression levels in the heart tissue of rat exposed deep-frying oil. Methods : 30 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (n=6 in each) including 1) control (CO), 2) deep-frying oil (DFO), 3) deep-frying oil+exercise (DFO+EXE), 4) deep-frying oil+octopamine (DFO+OCT), and 5) deep-frying oil+exercise+octopamine (DFO+EXE+OCT). The apoptotic effects of DFO in heart tissue were examined by TUNEL assay. Masson's trichrome stain used to study cardiomyocytes’ fibers. Moreover, caspase 3 and pro-caspase 3 genes and proteins expression in all groups were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting method, respectively. Results : Data showed a significant increase in apoptotic cells in the DFO-treated group ( P <0.05). Masson's trichrome stain analysis demonstrated that the number of cardiomyocytes' fibers are decreased, and collagen deposition is increased in the DFO group. In comparison, the collagen percentage was significantly reduced in exercise, OCT, and exercise+OCT groups. Also, the expression level of caspase 3 and pro-caspase 3 was significantly decreased in deep-frying oil+exercise+OCT group ( P <0.05). Conclusions : The results of our study show that DFO lead to programmed cell death via the activation of caspase in heart tissue. However, it seems that aerobic exercise with octopamine supplementation improves heart tissue by significantly decrease the expression of caspase 3 and pro-caspase 3 that inhibit apoptosis.