bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of training session in improving the knowledge of blood transfusion practices among undergraduates- a hospital based study.
Authors: Vasavi Perada , Usha Mahesh Kumar , Yadav Anurag 
Published: December 2020

Background: Blood is a vital and limited resource with a lifesaving therapeutic benefit. Knowledge of standard transfusion practices to be followed is important in delivering quality transfusion services. The present study aims at assessing the knowledge of transfusion practices among undergraduate medical students, train them, and to assess the impact of this type of training sessions in improving the outcome.
Materials and methods: 82 undergraduate MBBS students participated in the study. The students were asked to attempt a pre-test and a post-test questionnaire before and after the training program. The training session comprised of audiovisual lecture and handout material given to the participants. The mean scores, percentage of both the tests, and percentage of improvement in scores from pre to post-test were analyzed.
Results: The mean score in the pre-test was 8.3 with a minimum score of 3 and a maximum of 13 out of 15. The post-test mean score was 10.7 with a minimum score of 6 and a maximum score of 14 out of 15, which was significantly high. The training program helped in the overall improvement of the knowledge in various aspects of blood transfusion like indications, cross-matching, shelf life, transfusion practices, and management of adverse reactions. The p-value obtained was 0.003 (<0.05) which was significant.
Conclusions: Knowledge of blood transfusion practices among the undergraduates was low. Training sessions helped improve the immediate knowledge and overall orientation toward the practices. Hence, blood transfusion syllabus should be included in the undergraduates' competency curriculum.
A correlative study between maternal hemoglobin concentration during third trimester and fetal birth weight of babies born at Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital
Authors: Shrestha Anup , Shrestha Sabina 
Published: December 2020

Background: Anemia is one of the commonest health problems faced by pregnant women in both developing and developed countries. Maternal anemia is a potential risk factor for fatal outcomes like low birth weight and preterm delivery. This study intended at comparing the birth weight of the babies who were born to mothers with and without anemia during the third trimesters.
Materials and methods: This study is a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted at Kathmandu Medical College, Teaching Hospital from July 2019 to June 2020. The third-trimester hemoglobin of mothers was recorded along with the birth weight of their respective babies. Mothers with regular antenatal care visits at this hospital were included and the known causes for anemia like renal disorders, twin pregnancies, and others were excluded from the study. The third-trimester hemoglobin level of all pregnant females was correlated with the birth weight of the babies.
Results: Out of a total of 2417 pregnant women, 317 (13%) had anemia. The overall prevalence of low birth weight was 12%. Out of 317 anemic mothers, 99 (31%) delivered low birth weight babies. Among those 99 low birth weight babies, 30 (30%) were preterm and 69 (70%) were term babies with the prevalence of low birth weight in anemic mothers being 31%. The correlation between maternal hemoglobin and birth weight was found to be statistically significant.
Conclusions: Despite regular antenatal care, maternal anemia still prevails, affecting neonatal birth weight. There was a statistically significant correlation between maternal hemoglobin and birth weight (p-value <0.0001).
Est-il possible de se mettre d’accord sur le sens à donner au terme de pragmatème ?
Authors: Bogacki Krzysztof 
Published: December 2020

The term ‘pragmateme’ has been coined relatively recently and therefore its usage is still hesitant and its definitions lack precision. This makes it difficult to delimit the scope of all that relates to the intuition of the term. We believe that two criteria are crucial for the identification of the concept. First, it would signify an autonomous linguistic unit implying an act of enunciation, characterised by the adequacy between selecting an appropriate linguistic segment and its application, with all that it entails as constraints. This criterion derives from classical logic, based on the binary opposition of truth and falsehood. The other element of the definition of the pragmateme is difficult to apply due to its subjectivity. It can be described in terms of many-valued fuzzy logic. It requires that a privileged link be created in the consciousness of langage users between a particular formulation, conveying a given semantic content and other, competing formulations. Neither of the two criteria is correlated with formal exponents, which prevents them from being used in a database compiled for the purpose of creating a dictionary of pragmatemes
Pragmatèmes au pays de la prosodie
Authors: Banyś Wiesław 
Published: December 2020

The presented text will touch on the issue too often neglected in studies of pragmatemes, namely the role of prosody in determining what is a pragmateme and what is not. First, the analyses of prosody and of its role in the determination and functioning of various linguistic phenomena (informational structure of the sentence, presupposition, relative propositions) are reviewed, then the definitions of pragmatems by I. Mel’čuk and X. Blanco with S. Mejri are presented, to move on, at the end, to analyse the role of prosody in the determination of the pragmatematical or non-pragmatematical status of constructions through analyses of cases of pragmatemes that should not be qualified in this way without precise indications on prosody. The point is that even if mistakes are made in the spelling or transcription, the actual pronunciation of the constructions in a concrete enunciation situation must be suitable for the construction in question to function as a pragmateme. It is a suitable intonation which, with the appropriate context, makes construction a pragmateme — the intonation is thus truly (co-)generating the meaning of the construction — otherwise the construction would have its literal meaning. This finding also invites us to make a detailed study, from this point of view, of as many of the expressions qualified as pragmatems as possible, and to include the decisive prosodic information in dictionary entries of this type of expression.
The Effect of Task-Based Language Teaching on Students’ Oral Communication Skills in EFL Classroom
Authors: Akalu Sualih Mussa 
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of context specific task-based language teaching approach on students’ oral communication skills. The study was conducted on grade 9 students of Addisalem Secondary school which is found in northern Ethiopia. For this purpose, quasi-experimental research design was employed. Two sections which contained 92 grade 9 students were selected using purposive sampling technique based on similarity of group identification test score. After identifying the control and experimental groups, speaking test (pre-and post-test) and students’ questionnaire (for experimental groups only) were used to get data. To test the reliability of the speaking test, Cronbach’s alpha was calculated. The internal consistency of the questionnaire gained from 27 pilot group students was 0.783. Thus, the tools of this study were reliable. The validity of the treatment manual, the pre-test and the post-test were also evaluated by two well experienced EFL teachers in a nearby school. T-tests were run to compare the improvement between and within groups. When we see the findings of the study, the paired sample t-test result revealed that the experimental group students showed a progress in their oral communication proficiency after the treatment. There was statistically significant differences at (sig.2-tailed=0.000) between the mean scores of the experimental group on the speaking pre-test and post-test. Again, the result of the independent sample t-test indicated that there were statistically significant differences (sig.2-tailed=0.000) between the mean scores of the experimental group exposed to the designed context specific task-based program, and the control group receiving the tasks in the text book on the post-test in oral communication proficiency. Moreover, the result of experimental group students' questionnaire showed that task-based instruction had a positive impact on students' oral communication skill, as well. Finally, based on the findings of the study, the researchers forwarded ideas to improve the students’ oral communication.Key words: task based, oral communication, effect
Assessment of Some Hematological parameters in Iraqi Women with Different Breast Cancer Stages
Authors: M. Ali Zahra , H. Ali Shatha , Y. Mohsen Forat 
Published: December 2020

Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. The metabolism of iron is closely regulated by hepcidin which exerts its action by interacting with a ferroportin.
The aim of the present study was to assess the alterations in the levels of some serum biomarkers that have a role in iron homeostasis (hepcidin and ferroportin) in addition to hematological parameters (hemoglobin, leukocyte and platelets count) in different stages of BC.
This study included 66 women with BC. The patients were categorized as follows : group 1 includes :22 patients with stage I disease ,group 2 includes: 22 patients with stage II disease ,and group 3 include: 22 patients with stage III disease .Group 4 includes :22 apparently healthy women as control.
Data analysis revealed a significant elevation of serum hepcidin levels of patients groups 1, 2, and 3 (437.2±26.4, 501.4±31.8 and 558.5±21.3 pg/ml respectively) ,vs (179.4±19.8 pg/ml) of control, with steady elevations from stage I to III . Furthermore, serum ferroportin levels were significantly lowered in groups 1 and 3 compared to control (0.589±0.107 and 0.733±0.1 vs 1.37±0.28 ng/ml respectively).While blood hemoglobin level of group 3 were lower (11.96±0.18 vs 12.7±0.13g/dl ) compared with controls . Blood leukocyte count of patients (all groups) (7.39±0.28 ,8.93±0.48,9.86±0.52 (^103/µl) respectively) were markedly increased compared to controls (6.06±0.23), while mean platelet count for patients in group 2&3 were significantly increased compared to controls (313.9±19.3,309.2±25.3 vs 233.3±9.1 respectively).
In conclusion, hepcidin, ferroportin and hematological markers including hemoglobin, WBC count and platelets count are altered in women with BC compared to healthy control. The changes occur mostly in accordance with disease stages.
Denisov, A. (2019). <i>Pilnyak Readings in Kolomna. In memoriam A. P. Auer</i>. Kolomna: Serebro slov. (In Russ.)
Authors: Dubova M. A. 
Published: December 2020

A review of A. Denisov’s book on Kolomna realia in the life and works of the famous Russian writer Boris Pilnyak (Vogau) and the 30 years of Pilnyak Readings, a tradition founded by A. Auer. The book’s two-part structure is directly explained by the logic of the author’s plan: he sets out to describe the close Kolomna ties of B. Pilnyak’s family and to illustrate Kolomna-related details in the writer’s books; in the second and more voluminous part of his book, A. Denisov focuses on the personality of Professor A. Auer, the founder of Pilnyak Readings, a conference that introduced systematic studies of B. Pilnyak’s works and at first attracted local history researchers and scholars, later reaching an international audience. The history of Pilnyak Readings establishes a strong association between the writer B. Pilnyak and the internationally renowned scholar Professor A. Auer.
Klein, L. (2019). <i>The Iliad: An epic and history</i>. St. Petersburg: Eurasia. (In Russ.)
Authors: Shapovalova A. A. 
Published: December 2020

The Iliad: An Epic and History [‘Iliada’: epos i istoriya] is the last book by L. Klein, a prominent Russian historian, archaeologist, philologist, and the founder of theoretical archaeology. The book was originally conceived as the third part of a larger research project, The Iliad Deciphered [Rasshifrovannaya ‘Iliada’]. The Iliad: An Epic and History includes important additions to The Iliad’s Anatomy [Anatomiya ‘Iliady’], with references to its tables and maps, as well as to Disembodied Heroes [Besplotnye geroi]. Klein analyzes how frequently epithets were used with city names and names of the heroes, as well as morphemes of frequently used and key words in terms of their age and geography. Based on the results of this analysis, he divides the Iliad into parts and proceeds to describe them in detail. Klein also elaborates on the images of the heroes and their origins in local cults. A large part of the work is devoted to analysis of the Catalogue of Ships. Thanks to the findings provided by the book the readers get a comprehensive view of the overall textual structure of the Iliad.
PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER AKHLAK MULIA PADA PERUBAHAN TINGKAH LAKU SISWA
Authors: Adri Junil , Ambiyar Ambiyar , Refdinal Refdinal , Giatman Muhammad , Azman Azmil 
Published: December 2020

<p class="StyleAuthorBold"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p class="StyleAuthorBold">Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi penerapan pendidikan karakter akhlak mulia sebagai upaya pembentukan karakter siswa. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian yaitu siswa jurusan Teknik Mesin SMK Negeri 1 Tanjung Raya Kabupaten Agam Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Pemilihan subjek penelitian didasari kolaborasi penerapan program penanaman nilai rohani yang dilakukan ketua jurusan. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan observasi dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa program pelaksanaan salat Zuhur berjemaah disambut positif oleh siswa; siswa telah patuh terhadap peraturan yang ada di sekolah; siswa lebih mementingkan perintah orang tua walaupun sedang asyik bermain dengan temannya; siswa memiliki respek terhadap lingkungan masyarakat; dan siswa memiliki jiwa cinta alam dan berbudaya menjaga lingkungan.</p><p class="StyleAuthorBold"> </p><p class="StyleAuthorBold"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p class="StyleAuthorBold"><em>The research aimed to obtain information on the application of moral character education as an effort to build student character. This research used a qualitative descriptive method. The research subjects were students majoring in Mechanical Engineering at </em>SMK Negeri 1<em> Tanjung Raya Agam Regency, West Sumatra Province. The selection of research subjects was based on collaborative implementation of the spiritual value cultivation program carried out by the head of the department. The data collection technique was carried out by observation and interviews. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis. The results of the research revealed that the </em>Zuhur<em> prayer program in congregation was positively welcomed by the students; students have obeyed the rules in school; students are more concerned with parental orders even though they are enjoying playing with their friends; students have respect for the community environment; and students have a spirit of love for nature and a culture of protecting the environment.</em></p>
ANALISIS GENDER DAN INTELLECTUAL INTELLIGENCE TERHADAP KREATIVITAS
Authors: Masril Mardhiah , Dakhi Oskah , Nasution Torkis , Ambiyar Ambiyar 
Published: December 2020

<p class="StyleAuthorBold"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perbedaan gender dan <em>intellectual intelligence</em> terhadap kreativitas siswa sekolah dasar. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 60 siswa yang dipilih secara <em>simple</em> <em>random sampling. </em>Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu <em>Coloured Progressive Matrices</em> dan <em>Figural Creativity Test</em> untuk menentukan tingkat <em>intellectual intelligence</em> dan kreativitas siswa. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis korelasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa: kemampuan <em>intellectual intelligence</em> berkaitan dengan kemampuan untuk berkreativitas; tidak ditemukan perbedaan gender terhadap kemampuan berkreativitas; dan analisis korelasi berganda terhadap kemampuan <em>intellectual intelligence</em> dan perbedaan gender menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan dengan kemampuan kreativitas siswa.</p><p> </p><p class="StyleAuthorBold"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>The research aimed to determine the relationship between gender differences and intellectual intelligence on the creativity of elementary school students. The research sample consisted of 60 students who were selected by simple random sampling. The instruments used were Colored Progressive Matrices and Figural Creativity Test to determine the level of intellectual intelligence and creativity of students. The data analysis technique used correlation analysis. The results of the analysis showed that: intellectual intelligence ability was related to the ability to be creative; no gender differences were found on creativity skills, and multiple correlation analysis on intellectual intelligence abilities and gender differences showed no relationship with students' creative abilities.</em></p>
KONTRIBUSI PEMBELAJARAN GUIDED DISCOVERY LEARNING DAN LOCUS OF CONTROL TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PRAKTIK HIDROLIKA
Authors: Fajra Melda , Ishak Ishak , Ferdiansyah Ferdiansyah , Ambiyar Ambiyar 
Published: December 2020

<p align="left"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Tujuan penelitian untuk menguji kontribusi pembelajaran dengan pendekatan<em> guided discovery learning</em> dan <em>locus of control</em> terhadap hasil belajar Praktik Hidrolika. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan deskriptif korelasional. Populasi penelitian yaitu mahasiswa yang mengikuti mata kuliah Praktik Hidrolika sebanyak 137 orang di Program Studi Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik dan Perencanaan Universitas Ekasakti Padang. Sampel penelitan sebanyak 78 orang yang dipilih menggunakan <em>simple random sampling</em>. Alat pengumpul data menggunakan angket dan dokumentasi hasil belajar mahasiswa. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik inferensial dengan regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: pembelajaran dengan pendekatan<em> guided discovery learning</em> berkontribusi signifikan terhadap hasil belajar Praktik Hidrolika; pembelajaran dengan pendekatan<em> locus of control</em> berkontribusi signifikan terhadap hasil belajar Praktik Hidrolika; dan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan <em>guided discovery learning</em> dan <em>locus of control</em> secara bersama-sama berkontribusi signifikan terhadap hasil belajar Praktik Hidrolika.</p><p> </p><p class="ADGVIABSTRACTTITLE"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The purpose of the research was to examine the contribution of learning with guided discovery learning and locus of control on learning outcomes for Hydraulic Practice. The research used quantitative methods with correlational descriptive. The research population was 137 students who took the Hydraulics Practice course in the Civil Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Engineering and Planning of Ekasakti University Padang. The research sample was 78 people who were selected using simple random sampling. Data collection tools used questionnaires and documentation of student learning outcomes. Data were analyzed using inferential statistics with multiple regression. The results showed that: the learning process with the guided discovery learning approach contributed significantly to the learning outcomes of Hydraulic Practice; the learning process with a locus of control approach contributes significantly to learning outcomes in Hydraulics Practice; and learning process with the guided discovery learning and locus of control as in aggregate significantly contribute to the learning outcomes of Hydraulic Practice.</p>
The Spiritual and Material culture of the Eastern people as reflected in the medieval written historical evidence (monumenta scripta). The 10<sup>th</sup> anniversary conference.
Authors: Goriaeva L. V. 
Published: December 2020

The paper provides a summary of the 10th anniversary conference “Written Monuments of the East. Problems of Translation and Interpretation”, which took place at theInstituteofOriental Studiesof theRussianAcademyof Sciences (October 12–14, 2020). The participants, came from academic and educational institutions inMoscow,St. Petersburg,Makhachkala,Ufa, Elista,Irkutsk, andBaku(RepublicofAzerbaijan). They gave talks on the study of literary sources both written and oral, history (chronicles), inscriptions (epigraphy) as well as other genres and types of texts (“belles-letres”, documents, philosophy, etc.). All the participants had in common special attention to the original source/s, their historic and literary place, the traces of the spiritual and material aspects of life in the countries of the East as reflected there. The meeting was held in a remote format, which made it possible to significantly expand its audience.
Ōta Gyūichi. “Shinchō-kō ki”. Book VIII (part 2)
Authors: Polkhov S. A. 
Published: December 2020

The publication provides a commented translation into Russian of the book VIII of Shinchō ō ki chronicle. The article continues the series of translations of books of Shinchō ō ki, published by the author. Shinchō ō ki is a biography of the so called “unifier of Japan” Oda Nobunaga (1534–1582). This is one of the most important sources on the history of Japan in the end of the Middle Ages – beginning of the Early Modern period. This present redaction dates back most likely to the 16th – beginning of the 17th cent. The author of the chronicle is O̅ ta Gyu̅ ichi (1527–1613?) the vassal of Nobunaga. This part of the chronicle describes the campaign of Oda Nobunaga in 1575 in the province of Echizen, which had previously come under the control of the Ikko̅ -ikki forces. Having brutally dealt with Ikko̅ -ikki’s supporters, Nobunaga regained his power over Echizen. Scroll VIII contains the text of Nobunaga's instructions to his vassal Shibata Katsuie. Katsuie was to be guided by these instructions when governing Echizen province. In addition, in this part of his work, O:̅ta Gyu̅ iti narrates about other important events, in particular, the assignment to the “unifier of Japan” posts at the Imperial court, as well as the transfer by Nobunaga of the headship of the Oda house to his eldest son Nobutada. The first academic translation of Shinchō ō ki into Russian is accompanied by a detailed commentary. The present author offers there a comparison between the data found in the chronicle against other sources. In addition, in the commentary comprises the authors interpretation of the difficult passages from the Shinchō ō ki along the traditional views on their meaning as expressed in the modern scholarship.
Monetary Economy of South Kazakhstan in the 19th Century (as evidenced by the “Turkestan Archive”)
Authors: Nastich V. N. 
Published: December 2020

The review article is based on the materials of the talk given at the All-Union Barthold Readings in 1990. It comprises an analysis of the data regarding the monetary units circulating in the city ofTurkestanand its district (South Kazakhstan) during the period when it was subject to the Khoqand (Kokand) Khanate and subsequently to the Russian Empire. The sources are a large group of act and business documents written in oriental languages in Arabic script, which were discovered in the 1970s. The article provides a philological analysis of monetary terms and related metrology. It provides the relationship between local and Russian denominations as well as a general survey of monetary circulation in the region during the 19th century. Along with the coin types and some specific features of their circulation, the author supplies unique data regarding prices for goods, realty, food, etc., which existed in the region during that period.