bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut Microbiota and Oral Contraceptive Use in Overweight and Obese Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Eyupoglu Nesrin Damla , Ergunay Koray , Acikgoz Aylin , Akyon Yakut , Yilmaz Engin , Yildiz Bulent Okan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Context
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common and complex endocrine disorder. Emerging animal and human data point to various changes in microbiota that could be linked with the syndrome. However, the effects of therapeutic approaches on gut microbial composition in women with PCOS remain unknown.

Objective
We aimed to assess whether gut microbial composition is altered in PCOS and to determine the potential impact of oral contraceptive (OC) use on gut microbiota.

Design
Prospective observational study.

Setting
Tertiary referral hospital.

Patients and Other Participants
The study included 17 overweight/obese patients with PCOS and 15 age- and body mass index-matched healthy control women.

Main Outcome Measures
At baseline, clinical, hormonal, and metabolic evaluations and gut microbial composition assessment by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing were performed for both groups. All measurements were repeated in patients after receiving an OC along with general lifestyle advice for 3 months.

Results
Alpha and beta diversity did not show a difference between patients with PCOS and healthy controls at baseline and remained unaltered after 3 months of OC use in the PCOS group. Relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae was higher in PCOS (P = 0.006) and did not show a significant change after treatment.

Conclusion
Women with PCOS have an increased abundance of Ruminococcaceae, whereas short-term OC use does not alter compositional features of gut microbiota in the syndrome.
Invisible Strangers, or Romani History Reconsidered
Authors: Richardson Kristina L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis essay proposes that the invisibility of so-called Gypsies in Middle Eastern and Central Asian historiography derives from two linked phenomena. First, the work of nineteenth- and twentieth-century European and North American philologists, medievalists, and ethnographers delegitimized the languages of the “Strangers,” along with the cultures and histories that these languages expressed. The erasure of Strangers from modern historiography was nearly total. Second, the category of Strangers was transformed in the wake of the Holocaust as Roma activists drew on Nazi racial categories to base Roma identity on linguistic criteria.
Femoro-pedal distraction in staged reconstructive treatment of tibial aplasia
Authors: Laufer Andrea , Frommer Adrien , Gosheger Georg , Roedl Robert , Broeking Jan Niklas , Toporowski Gregor , Rachbauer Anna Maria , Vogt Bjoern 
Published: August 2020

Aims The treatment of tibial aplasia is controversial. Amputation represents the gold standard with good functional results, but is frequently refused by the families. In these patients, treatment with reconstructive limb salvage can be considered. Due to the complexity of the deformity, this remains challenging and should be staged. The present study evaluated the role of femoro-pedal distraction using a circular external fixator in reconstructive treatment of tibial aplasia. The purpose of femoro-pedal distraction is to realign the limb and achieve soft tissue lengthening to allow subsequent reconstructive surgery. Methods This was a retrospective study involving ten patients (12 limbs) with tibial aplasia, who underwent staged reconstruction. During the first operation a circular hexapod external fixator was applied and femoro-pedal distraction was undertaken over several months. Subsequent surgery included reconstruction of the knee joint and alignment of the foot. Results The mean follow-up was 7.1 years (2 to 10). The mean age of the patients at the time of the application of the fixator was 2.3 years (1.1 to 5.0). The mean time under distraction was 139.7 days (81.0 to 177.0). A mean fibular distalization of 38.7 mm (14.0 to 67.0) was achieved. Pin infections occurred in four limbs (33.3%) and osteitis in one. A femoral fracture occurred in one patient. Premature removal of the frame was not required in any patient. Sufficient realignment of the leg as well as soft tissue lengthening was achieved in all patients, allowing subsequent reconstruction. All patients were able to mobilize fully weight bearing after reconstruction. Functional outcome was limited in all limbs, and five patients (50.0%) required additional reconstructive operations. Conclusion Regarding the functional results in the treatment of tibial aplasia, amputation remains superior to limb salvage. The latter procedure should only be performed in patients whose parents refuse amputation. Femoro-pedal distraction efficiently prepares the limb by realigning the leg and soft tissue lengthening. Minor complications are frequent, but usually do not hinder the continuation of distraction. Even though a fully weight-bearing limb is achieved, the functional outcome of reconstructive treatment remains limited. Recurrent deformities frequently occur and may require further operations. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(9):1248–1255.
What happens to the long head of the biceps tendon after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair?
Authors: Lee Hyo-Jin , Kim Eung-Sic , Kim Yang-Soo 
Published: August 2020

AimsThe purpose of this study was to identify the changes in untreated long head of the biceps brachii tendon (LHBT) after a rotator cuff tear and to evaluate the factors related to the changes.MethodsA cohort of 162 patients who underwent isolated supraspinatus with the preservation of LHBT was enrolled and evaluated. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the LHBT on MRI was measured in the bicipital groove, and preoperative to postoperative difference was calculated at least 12 months postoperatively. Second, postoperative changes in the LHBT including intratendinous signal change, rupture, dislocation, or superior labral lesions were evaluated with seeking of factors that were correlated with the changes or newly developed lesions after rotator cuff repair.ResultsThe postoperative CSA (12.5 mm2(SD 8.3) was significantly larger than preoperative CSA (11.5 mm2(SD 7.5); p = 0.005). In total, 32 patients (19.8%) showed morphological changes in the untreated LHBT 24 months after rotator cuff repair. Univariate regression analysis revealed that the factor chiefly related to the change in LHBT status was an eccentric LHBT position within the groove found on preoperative MRI (p = 0.011). Multivariate analysis using logistic regression also revealed that an eccentric LHBT position was a factor related to postoperative change in untreated LHBTs (p = 0.011).ConclusionThe CSA of the LHBT inside the biceps groove increased after rotator cuff repair. The preoperative presence of an eccentrically positioned LHBT was associated with further changes of the tendon itself after rotator cuff repair. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(9):1194–1199.
Talking points for the safe and effective alleviation of pain
Authors: Brown Laura E. , Fatehi Amirreza , Ring David 
Published: August 2020

Evidence suggests that the alleviation of pain is enhancedby a strong patient-clinician relationship and attending to a patient’s social and mental health. There is a limited role for medication, opioids in particular. Orthopaedic surgeons can use comprehensive biopsychosocial strategies to help people recover and can work with colleagues who have the appropriate expertise in order to maximize pain alleviation with optimal opioid stewardship. Preparing patients for elective surgery and caring for them after unplanned injury or surgery can benefit from planned and practiced strategies based in communication science. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(9):1122–1127.
Making Decisions in the New Normal
Authors: Mu Enrique 
Published: August 2020

Welcome to our second IJAHP issue in 2020. This issue is being published at a very special moment for our community and the world. The challenges imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic highlight the need, more than ever, for making rational decisions in the face of multiple conflicting objectives (e.g., legal, health and economic outcomes). Multi-criteria decision-making has never been more important than in the current crisis.
SOIL DENSITY AND OPTIMUM MOISTURE FOR SOIL COMPACTION IN FIVE SOIL CLASSES IN WESTERN BAHIA STATE
Authors: Araújo Gustavo Tenório , Soares Neto Joaquim Pedro , Nunes Heliab Bomfim 
Published: August 2020

The transformation of natural ecosystems into agricultural environments modifies the soil structure and it may result in its compaction. Therefore, the objective of this work was to determine the optimum moisture for soil compaction (wot) and maximum soil compaction density (Dsmax) in different soil classes in western Bahia State. The samples were collected in five sites covering different soil classes: Orthic Quartzarenic Neosol (RQ), Orthic Ebanic Vertisol (VEo), Haplic Cambisol (CX) and two Red-Yellow Latosol, one already cropped (LVA) and another with native forest (LVA1). Wot and Dsmax were determined according to ABNT NBR 7182 (1986) standards. Data were submitted to a regression analysis and also to the analysis of the principal components (PCA). Wot presented a decreasing order: VEo> LVA> LVA1> CX> RQo, ranging between 8.20 and 15.00% and Dsmax showed the following order RQo> LVA> LVA1> CX> VE, ranging between 1.34 and 1,92 Mg.m-3. The wot was directly proportional to the clay content and the organic carbon and inversely proportional to the soil sand content. For Dsmax, the influence of the clay was inversely proportional whereas in wot, this variable promoted the growth.
Near-infrared single-photon emitters based on colloidal CdSe/CdS/ZnS nanocrystals and Nd(III) 1,3-diketonate
Authors: Metlin Mikhail , Ambrozevich Sergey , Korshunov Vladislav , Fedyanin Vladimir , Tananaev Peter , Taydakov Ilya 
Published: August 2020

A novel, to the best of our knowledge, approach to the design of the single-photon sources emitting in the spectral regions of 1060 and 1337 nm was developed. A unique hybrid structure based on colloidal CdSe/CdS/ZnS nanocrystals and neodymium(III) 1,3-diketonate was created. Direct energy transfer from the CdSe/CdS/ZnS single nanocrystal to the near-infrared (NIR) luminescent Nd(III) complex was observed and investigated by spectroscopic methods. The single-photon emission mode was confirmed for the novel hybrid source by Hanbury Brown and Twiss experiments.
Application of Telecommunications Technologies in the Management of Territories
Authors: SAVINA Svetlana Vladimirovna , TSVETKOVA Olga Nikolaevna , GALIMOVA Leysan Ismagilovna , AVEZOV Azizullo Habibovich , NAZAROV Abdushukur Abdurahimovich 
Published: August 2020

Contemporary management of territories cannot be imagined without the effective use of telecommunications technologies, which create conditions for the systematic and harmonious development of territories, as well as their identification in today’s global digital space. Besides, it should be noted that the existing management systems are largely outdated and ineffective for the modern globally progressive information environment and their full functioning.
Based on the conducted expert survey, the authors identified tasks of implementing telecommunications technologies in the management of rural territories, users of telecommunications technologies used when managing rural territories, opportunities for positioning rural territories through telecommunications technologies, areas for implementing telecommunications technologies in the management of rural territories, as well as presented the experience of the EU countries in the development of rural territories based on the concept of the smart village.
Peringatan Dini Tanah Longsor Berdasarkan Kelembaban Tanah Secara Jarak Jauh Menggunakan Sensor FC-28 dan Node MCU
Authors: Setyawan Agus , Suseno Jatmiko Endro , Winesthi Ratna Dewi , Otaviana Sela Ade 
Published: August 2020

Tanah longsor merupakan salah satu bencana yang sering terjadi di Indonesia, terutama di daerah pegunungan, lembah dan perbukitan dengan kondisi lereng yang tidak stabil. Saat musim hujan tiba maka kadar air yang berlebihan mengakibatkan tanah longsor. Bencana tanah longsor dapat menyebabkan banyak kerugian antara lain: kematian, gangguan infrastruktur jalan dan rusaknya lahan pertanian. Hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh 2 faktor utama yaitu kemiringan lereng dan kelembaban. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meminimalkan korban jiwa dengan merancang alat pendeteksi peringatan dini bencana tanah longsor menggunakan sensor Soil Moisture FC-28 dan NodeMcu longsor yang terhubung ke android melalui telegram, sms dan buzzer. Sensor soil moisture FC-28 dipakai untuk mendeteksi parameter kelembaban tanah. Pengujian potensi terjadinya tanah longsor didesain dalam 5 variasi kemiringan untuk mendapatkan nilai kembebaban yang bervariasi. Alat dirancang dengan 2 kondisi yaitu status siaga dan bahaya. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi siaga terjadi pada kelembaban antara 27% - 54% dengan kemiringan lereng antara 25o -35o dan kondisi bahaya terjadi saat kelembaban lebih dari 54%. Peringatan dini akan terkirim melalui pesan singkat ada aplikasi telegram messenger saat kondisi status siaga, sedangkan alarm akan berbunyi pada saat status bahaya. Alat ini akan sangat bermanfaat bagi warga yang tinggal didaerah rawan bencana longsor, karena dengan adanya tanda peringatan dini warga diharapkan masih mempunyai waktu untuk menyelamatkan diri sehingga korban jiwa dapat diminimalkan.
Visualizing molecular structures and shapes: a comparison of virtual reality, computer simulation, and traditional modeling
Authors: Brown Corina E. , Alrmuny Dalal , Williams Mia Kim , Whaley Ben , Hyslop Richard M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three methods used to assist in teaching molecular geometry to college chemistry students. A pre- and post-test quasi-experiment was used to collect data about students’ performance in a given chemistry exercise. One research question was intended to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of the three methods in assisting students to understand the topic and carry out the exercise correctly, and a second research question addressed students’ attitudes towards the use of Virtual Reality (VR) in chemistry education. Results show a positive attitude towards the use of VR as an assisting tool to aid in understanding chemistry concepts. While the difference among the three methods was not significant, the results show that the VR brought more enthusiasm and positive attitudes toward the topic of molecular geometry among the students. Educational implications and recommendations for future research are presented as well.
The Role of the Study of Conditions and Directions of Spatial Development of the Commune in the Growth of Developers’ Activity Based on the Łódź Example
Authors: Antczak-Stępniak Agata 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The importance of local plans for developers and negative consequences of issuing a large number of decisions on building conditions are usually discussed in literature, with the role of the study of conditions and directions of the spatial development of the commune somewhat diminished in this respect. The question therefore arises whether the study itself is important for the growth of developers’ activity and, if so, whether its provisions are adhered to.
Therefore, the purpose of this article is to assess the impact of the study of conditions and directions of spatial development of the commune on developers’ activity based on the example of Łódź. The author formulates a hypothesis that, from the point of view of developers’ activity, it is a document of little importance, because its decisions are not abided by entities issuing BC decisions. To achieve the assumed goal, the following research methods were used: desk research analyzing the studies of conditions and directions of the spatial development of Łódź from 2010 and 2018, as well as gathering information on development investments from various online sources, and a comparative analysis of the location of development investments in the context of both mentioned documents.
Visual Description of the Indoor Space of Real Estate in Crowd-Sourcing Environments
Authors: Haghbayan Sara , Malek Mohammad Reza , Tashayo Behnam 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEmerging the power of collective intelligence through crowdsourcing could create a clear path for visualizing real estate as well. One of the Crowdsourcing applications is describing the indoor space of a real estate. This paper aims to describe real estate in the context of spatial crowdsourcing. Qualitative and quantitative criteria were used in this study to describe the real estate space, topological relationships, directional relations, color, location, dimensions, and height as qualitative criteria. Quantitative criteria were selected as the dimensions and height. The proposed model was evaluated by two groups: those who had never seen the real estate and others that had already seen the same real estate. We implemented a website called SAMA1to evaluate the proposed model with crowdsourcing data using online collaborative tools. SAMA is using tools, such as a sketch plan, photo, text, virtual tour, and visual descriptions. To evaluate SAMA, we compared it with four representative commercial websites, and the impact of the tools was precisely examined. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed model can be utilized to visually describe the indoor space of real estate in crowd-sourcing environments.
AÇÃO DE EXTENSÃO – CADERNO DE RECOMENDAÇÕES CONSTRUTIVAS PARA HABITAÇÃO SOCIAL EVOLUTIVA
Authors: Jorge Liziane De Oliveira , Scherer Rafaela , Medvedovski Nirce Saffer , Nogueira Emily Schiavinatto , Xavier Aline De Moura Ribeiro 
Published: August 2020

O presente trabalho apresenta o relato da ação de extensão receptiva e dialogal aplicada na comunidade PAC/Anglo, localizada no município de Pelotas/RS. Compreende a exposição do “Caderno de Recomendações Construtivas para Habitação Social Evolutiva” junto à comunidade, para difusão de conhecimento técnico especializado de arquitetura e construção de modo a auxiliar os moradores com informações relevantes ao processo de autoconstrução e reforma, condição motivada pela insatisfação com o projeto original entregue pelo poder público aos moradores da comunidade em questão. O caderno é um manual construtivo acessível e didático para a apropriação dos moradores no ato de reforma de suas casas, de modo a contribuir para a obtenção de maior conforto, segurança e qualidade de vida no espaço doméstico. A ação foi planejada por intermédio da associação de moradores, com agendamento do salão comunitário, panfletagem de porta em porta para convite e divulgação da atividade, treinamento prévio de alunos, bolsistas e professores e previsão de atividades lúdicas para o público infantil. O dia da ação consistiu em uma aplicação estruturada do Caderno de Recomendações, com distribuição de mesas temáticas a fim de melhor orientar os moradores a respeito dos temas abordados pelo material – a saber: banheiros, escadas, cozinhas, pátios e varandas, rampas de acesso, muros e grades. O caderno demonstrou ser um instrumento eficiente para alavancar o processo participativo da casa evolutiva, realidade pulsante na comunidade PAC/Anglo e inaugurar o processo posterior de Assistência Técnica profissional para futuras reformas.
Atypical Cadherin FAT3 Is a Novel Mediator for Morphological Changes of Microglia
Authors: Okajima Tomomi , Gu Yichen , Teruya Rin-ichiro , Yano Sarasa , Taketomi Takumi , Sato Ban , Chiba Tomoki , Tsuruta Fuminori 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMicroglia are resident macrophages that are critical for brain development and homeostasis. Microglial morphology is dynamically changed during postnatal stages, leading to regulating synaptogenesis and synapse pruning. Moreover, it has been well known that the shape of microglia is also altered in response to the detritus of the apoptotic cells and pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. Although the morphologic changes are crucial for acquiring microglial functions, the exact mechanism which controls their morphology is not fully understood. Here, we report that the FAT atypical cadherin family protein, FAT3, regulates the morphology of microglial cell line, BV2. We found that the shape of BV2 becomes elongated in a high-nutrient medium. Using microarray analysis, we identified that FAT3 expression is induced by culturing with a high-nutrient medium. In addition, we found that purinergic analog, hypoxanthine, promotes FAT3 expression in BV2 and mouse primary microglia. FAT3 expression induced by hypoxanthine extends the time of sustaining the elongated forms in BV2. These data suggest that the hypoxanthine-FAT3 axis is a novel pathway associated with microglial morphology. Our data provide a possibility that FAT3 may control microglial transitions involved in their morphologic changes during the postnatal stagesin vivo.
Hierarchical Representation of Multistep Tasks in Multiple-Demand and Default Mode Networks
Authors: Wen Tanya , Duncan John , Mitchell Daniel J 
Published: August 2020

Task episodes consist of sequences of steps that are performed to achieve a goal. We used fMRI to examine neural representation of task identity, component items, and sequential position, focusing on two major cortical systems—the multiple-demand (MD) and default mode networks (DMN). Human participants (20 males, 22 females) learned six tasks each consisting of four steps. Inside the scanner, participants were cued which task to perform and then sequentially identified the target item of each step in the correct order. Univariate time course analyses indicated that intra-episode progress was tracked by a tonically increasing global response, plus an increasing phasic step response specific to MD regions. Inter-episode boundaries evoked a widespread response at episode onset, plus a marked offset response specific to DMN regions. Representational similarity analysis (RSA) was used to examine representation of task identity and component steps. Both networks represented the content and position of individual steps, however the DMN preferentially represented task identity while the MD network preferentially represented step-level information. Thus, although both MD and DMN networks are sensitive to step-level and episode-level information in the context of hierarchical task performance, they exhibit dissociable profiles in terms of both temporal dynamics and representational content. The results suggest collaboration of multiple brain regions in control of multistep behavior, with MD regions particularly involved in processing the detail of individual steps, and DMN adding representation of broad task context.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAchieving one's goals requires knowing what to do and when. Tasks are typically hierarchical, with smaller steps nested within overarching goals. For effective, flexible behavior, the brain must represent both levels. We contrast response time courses and information content of two major cortical systems—the multiple-demand (MD) and default mode networks (DMN)—during multistep task episodes. Both networks are sensitive to step-level and episode-level information, but with dissociable profiles. Intra-episode progress is tracked by tonically increasing global responses, plus MD-specific increasing phasic step responses. Inter-episode boundaries evoke widespread responses at episode onset, plus DMN-specific offset responses. Both networks represent content and position of individual steps; however, the DMN and MD networks favor task identity and step-level information, respectively.