bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SMIM1, carrier of the Vel blood group, is a tail-anchored transmembrane protein and readily forms homodimers in a cell-free system
Authors: Nylander Anja , Leznicki Pawel , Vidovic Karina , High Stephen , Olsson Martin L. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Antibodies to the Vel blood group antigen can cause adverse hemolytic reactions unless Vel-negative blood units are transfused. Since the genetic background of Vel-negativity was discovered in 2013, DNA-based typing of the 17-bp deletion causing the phenotype has facilitated identification of Vel-negative blood donors. SMIM1, the gene underlying Vel, encodes a 78-amino acid erythroid transmembrane protein of unknown function. The transmembrane orientation of SMIM1 has been debated since experimental data supported both the N- and C-termini being extracellular. Likewise, computational predictions of its orientation were divided and potential alternatives such as monotopic or dual-topology have been discussed but not investigated.
We used a cell-free system to explore the topology of SMIM1 when synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). SMIM1 was tagged with an opsin-derived N-glycosylation reporter at either the N- or C-terminus and synthesized in vitro using rabbit reticulocyte lysate supplemented with canine pancreatic microsomes as a source of ER membrane. SMIM1 topology was then determined by assessing the N-glycosylation of its N- or C-terminal tags. Complementary experiments were carried out by expressing the same SMIM1 variants in HEK293T/17 cells and establishing their membrane orientation by immunoblotting and flow cytometry.
Our data consistently indicate that SMIM1 has its short C-terminus located extracellularly and that it most likely belongs to the tail-anchored class of membrane proteins with the bulk of the polypeptide located in the cytoplasm. Having established its membrane orientation in an independent model system, future work can now focus on functional aspects of SMIM1 as a potential regulator of erythropoiesis.
The cellular expression and proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein is independent of TDP-43
Authors: Hicks David A. , Jones Alys C. , Pickering-Brown Stuart M. , Hooper Nigel M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition, of which one of the cardinal pathological hallmarks is the extracellular accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides. These peptides are generated via proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), in a manner dependent on the β-secretase, BACE1 and the multicomponent γ-secretase complex. Recent data also suggest a contributory role in AD of transactive response DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43). There is little insight into a possible mechanism linking TDP-43 and APP processing. To this end, we used cultured human neuronal cells to investigate the ability of TDP-43 to interact with APP and modulate its proteolytic processing. Immunocytochemistry showed TDP-43 to be spatially segregated from both the extranuclear APP holoprotein and its nuclear C-terminal fragment. The latter (APP intracellular domain) was shown to predominantly localise to nucleoli, from which TDP-43 was excluded. Furthermore, neither overexpression of each of the APP isoforms nor siRNA-mediated knockdown of APP had any effect on TDP-43 expression. Doxycycline-stimulated overexpression of TDP-43 was explored in an inducible cell line. Overexpression of TDP-43 had no effect on expression of the APP holoprotein, nor any of the key proteins involved in its proteolysis. Furthermore, increased TDP-43 expression had no effect on BACE1 enzymatic activity or immunoreactivity of Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42 or the Aβ1-40:Aβ1-42 ratio. Also, siRNA-mediated knockdown of TDP-43 had no effect on BACE1 immunoreactivity. Taken together, these data indicate that TDP-43 function and/or dysfunction in AD is likely independent from dysregulation of APP expression and proteolytic processing and Aβ generation.
Analysis of Phonetic Balance in Standard English Passages
Authors: Lammert Adam C. , Melot Jennifer , Sturim Douglas E. , Hannon Daniel J. , DeLaura Richard , Williamson James R. , Ciccarelli Gregory , Quatieri Thomas F. 
Published: April 2020

PurposeA common way of eliciting speech from individuals is by using passages of written language that are intended to be read aloud. Read passages afford the opportunity for increased control over the phonetic properties of elicited speech, of which phonetic balance is an often-noted example. No comprehensive analysis of the phonetic balance of read passages has been reported in the literature. The present article provides a quantitative comparison of the phonetic balance of widely used passages in English.MethodAssessment of phonetic balance is carried out by comparing the distribution of phonemes in several passages to distributions consistent with typical spoken English. Data regarding the distribution of phonemes in spoken American English are aggregated from the published literature and large speech corpora. Phoneme distributions are compared using Spearman rank order correlation coefficient to quantify similarities of phoneme counts in those sources.ResultsCorrelations between phoneme distributions in read passages and aggregated material representative of spoken American English ranged from .70 to .89. Correlations between phoneme counts from all passages, literature sources, and corpus sources ranged from .55 to .99. All correlations were statistically significant at the Bonferroni-adjusted level.ConclusionsPassages considered in the present work provide high, but not ideal, phonetic balance. Space exists for the creation of new passages that more closely match the phoneme distributions observed in spoken American English.The Caterpillarprovided the best phonetic balance, but phoneme distributions in all considered materials were highly similar to each other.
Synthetic catalog of black holes in the Milky Way
Authors: Olejak A. , Belczynski K. , Bulik T. , Sobolewska M. 
Published: April 2020

Aims. We present an open-access database that includes a synthetic catalog of black holes (BHs) in the Milky Way, divided by the components disk, bulge, and halo.
Methods. To calculate the evolution of single and binary stars, we used the updated population synthesis code StarTrack. We applied a new model of the star formation history and chemical evolution of Galactic disk, bulge, and halo that was synthesized from observational and theoretical data. This model can be easily employed for other studies of population evolution.
Results. We find that at the current Milky Way (disk+bulge+halo) contains about 1.2 × 108 single BHs with an average mass of about 14 M⊙, and 9.3 × 106 BHs in binary systems with an average mass of 19 M⊙. We present basic statistical properties of the BH population in three Galactic components such as the distributions of BH masses, velocities, or the numbers of BH binary systems in different evolutionary configurations.
Conclusions. The metallicity of a stellar population has a significant effect on the final BH mass through the stellar winds. The most massive single BH in our simulation of 113 M⊙ originates from a merger of a BH and a helium star in a low-metallicity stellar environment in the Galactic halo. We constrain that only ∼0.006% of the total Galactic halo mass (including dark matter) can be hidden in the form of stellar origin BHs. These BHs cannot be detected by current observational surveys. We calculated the merger rates for current Galactic double compact objects (DCOs) for two considered common-envelope models: ∼3–81 Myr−1 for BH-BH, ∼1–9 Myr−1 for BH-neutron star (NS), and ∼14–59 Myr−1 for NS-NS systems. We show the evolution of the merger rates of DCOs since the formation of the Milky Way until the current moment with the new star formation model of the Galaxy.
Libidostörungen
Authors: Bös Dorothee , Stern Cornelia , Fernkäse Uta , Blume Ralf 
Published: April 2020

SummaryVier Experten stellen die Behandlung von Libidostörungen mithilfe der Mykotherapie, Phytotherapie, TCM-Ernährung und Homöopathie vor.
Aphrodites Apotheke
Authors: Houben Martina 
Published: April 2020

SummaryLibidostörungen können als ein Zuwenig oder ein Zuviel des sexuellen Verlangens auftreten. Die Ursachen sind vielfältig und können psychischer und/oder organischer Natur sein. In vielen Fällen können Heilpflanzen helfen, die Libido entsprechend der Bedürfnisse nach oben oder unten zu regulieren, oft begleitend zu einer kausalen Therapie. Da menschliche Pheromone und pflanzliche Duftstoffe sich in ihrer chemischen Struktur ähneln, wirken auch manche ätherischen Öle anregend oder dämpfend auf das sexuelle Verlangen.
Immunological Aspects of Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Patients with Periprosthetic Infection and Osteomyelitis
Authors: Kravchun Pavlo , Korzh Mykola , Dunaeva Inna , Leontieva Frida , Gusakov Igor , Krapivko Svitlana , Dielievska Valentyna 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Behandlung von Patienten mit periprothetischer Infektion und Osteomyelitis ist recht kompliziert. Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, den Kohlenhydrat- und Lipidstoffwechsel sowie das immunologische Profil bei Patienten mit periprothetischer Infektion und Osteomyelitis zu untersuchen.
Material und Methoden Eine Studie zum Kohlenhydrat- und Lipidstoffwechsel und zur immunologischen Untersuchung von Patienten mit periprothetischer Infektion nach Knie- und Hüftgelenkendoprothetik (n = 16) und Osteomyelitis (n = 20) wurde durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Patienten mit einer periprothetischen Infektion neigten zu Anämie, gestörter Glukosetoleranz, einer Veranlagung zu verstärkter Atherogenese, Autoimmun-Granulozytotoxizität und einer Sensibilisierung gegen die Synovialmembran und Staphylococcus aureus. Patienten mit Osteomyelitis zeigten eine Abnahme der Produktion des Leukozyten-Migrationshemmungsfaktors (LIF), sowohl unspezifisch als auch spezifisch gegenüber den Antigenen des Knorpelgewebes sowie eine Sensibilisierung gegenüber Streptokokkus und E. coli. Bei den untersuchten Patienten wurden die Störungen des Glukosestoffwechsels mit dem Vorhandensein von autoimmunen lymphozytotoxischen Antikörpern, einer verminderten Produktion von LIF, sowohl unspezifisch als auch spezifisch gegen die Antigene der Synovialmembran in Verbindung gebracht. Die Atherogenese war mit einer erhöhten Anzahl zirkulierender Immunkomplexe, autoimmunen lymphozytotoxischen und granulozytotoxischen Antikörpern, einem verminderten LIF und einer Sensibilisierung gegenüber Antigenen des Bindegewebes, Streptokokkus und Proteus assoziiert. Eine Anämie war mit einem Anstieg der autoimmunen lymphozytotoxischen Antikörpern, einer verzögerten Sensibilisierung gegen Knochen- und Knorpelgewebe, gegen Staphylokokken und einer beschleunigten Sensibilisierung gegen E. coli und Proteus assoziiert.
Schlussfolgerungen Ärzte sollten bei der Behandlung und Überwachung von Patienten mit Bindegewebesinfektion und einem gestörten Glukose- und Cholesterinstoffwechsel auch immunologische Aspekte analysieren.
Impfen bei Primären Immundefekten, Autoimmunkrankheiten und anderen chronisch entzündlichen Erkrankungen unter immunmodulatorischer Therapie
Authors: Wagner Norbert , Ehl Stephan 
Published: April 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGInfektionen sind eine wesentliche Ursache von Morbidität und Mortalität bei Patienten mit Primären (angeborenen) Immundefekten (PID), Autoimmunkrankheiten und chronisch entzündlichen Erkrankungen unter immunmodulierender Therapie. Ein Schutz durch Impfungen ist daher bei diesen Patienten grundsätzlich wünschenswert. Je nach Art der Immundefizienz bzw. der immunmodulierenden Therapie ist aber die Fähigkeit zum Aufbau eines Impfschutzes unterschiedlich. Darüber hinaus besteht je nach Art des Immundefekts möglicherweise eine Gefährdung durch Lebendimpfungen. Daher sind generelle Empfehlungen für Impfungen dieser Patientengruppe nicht möglich. Es ist notwendig, sich mit der Art des Immundefekts bzw. der immunmodulierenden Therapie genau auseinanderzusetzen, um Nutzen und Risiken im Einzelfall abzuwägen. Die folgenden Empfehlungen sind eine Zusammenfassung der kürzlich im Bundesgesundheitsblatt publizierten STIKO-Empfehlungen „Impfen bei Immundefizienz“1 sowie „Impfen bei Autoimmunkrankheiten, bei anderen chronisch entzündlichen Erkrankungen und unter immunmodulatorischer Therapie“ 2.
Surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease: is chromoendoscopy the only way to go? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Resende Ricardo Hannum , Ribeiro Igor Braga , de Moura Diogo Turiani Hourneaux , Galetti Facundo , Rocha Rodrigo Silva de Paula , Bernardo Wanderley Marques , Sakai Paulo , de Moura Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) have higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Guidelines recommend dysplasia surveillance with dye-spraying chromoendoscopy (DCE). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to review all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) available and compare the efficacy of different endoscopic methods of surveillance for dysplasia in patients with UC and CD.
Methods Databases searched were Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane and SCIELO/LILACS. It was estimated the risk difference (RD) for dichotomous outcomes (number of patients diagnosed with one or more dysplastic lesions, total number of dysplastic lesions diagnosed and number of dysplastic lesions detected by targeted biopsies) and mean difference for continuous outcomes (procedure time).
Results This study included 17 RCTs totaling 2,457 patients. There was superiority of DCE when compared to standard-definiton white light endoscopy (SD-WLE). When compared with high-definition (HD) WLE, no difference was observed in all outcomes (number of patients with dysplasia (RD 0.06; 95 % CI [–0.01, 0.13])). Comparing other techniques, no difference was observed between DCE and virtual chromoendoscopy (VCE – including narrow-band imaging [NBI], i-SCAN and flexible spectral imaging color enhancement), in all outcomes except procedure time (mean difference, 6.33 min; 95 % CI, 1.29, 11.33). DCE required a significantly longer procedure time compared with WLE (mean difference, 7.81 min; 95 % CI, 2.76, 12.86).
Conclusions We found that dye-spraying chromoendoscopy detected more patients and dysplastic lesions than SD-WLE. Although no difference was observed between DCE and HD-WLE or narrow-band imaging, the main outcomes favored numerically dye-spraying chromoendoscopy, except procedure time. Regarding i-SCAN, FICE and auto-fluorescence imaging, there is still not enough evidence to support or not their recommendation.
Colonoscopy videos on YouTube: Are they a good source of patient education?
Authors: Radadiya Dhruvil , Gonzalez-Estrada Alexei , Lira-Vera Jorge Emilio , Lizarrga-Torres Katia , Mahapatra Shayan Sinha , Murguia-Fuentes Ricardo , Niezen Sebastian , Mohan Kaushik , Reddy Chakradhar , Devani Kalpit 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Colonoscopy is an effective tool to prevent colorectal cancer. Social media has emerged as a source of medical information for patients.YouTube (a video sharing website) is the most popular video informative source. Therefore, we aimed to assess the educational quality of colonoscopy videos available on YouTube.
Methods We performed a YouTube search using the keyword “colonoscopy” yielded 429 videos, of which 255 met the inclusion criteria. Colonoscopy Data Quality Score (C-DQS) was created to rate the quality of the videos (–10 to +40 points) based on a colonoscopy education video available on the Ameican Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) website. Each video was scored by six blinded reviewers independently using C-DQS. The Global Quality Score (GQS) was used for score validation. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the similarity of the scores among reviewers.
Results Professional societies had the highest number of videos (44.3 %). Videos from professional societies (6.94) and media (6.87) had significantly higher mean C-DQS compared to those from alternative medicine providers (1.19), companies (1.16), and patients (2.60) (P < 0.05). Mean C-DQS score of videos from healthcare providers (4.40) was not statistically different than other sources. There was a high degree of agreement among reviewers for the videos from all sources (ICC = 0.934; P < 0.001).
Discussion YouTube videos are a poor source of information on colonoscopy. Professional societies and media are better sources of quality information for patient education on colonoscopy. The medical community may need to engage actively in enriching the quality of educational material available on YouTube.
Lateral duodenal wall perforation due to plastic biliary stent migration: a case series of endoscopic closure
Authors: Bureau Marc-Andre , Gkolfakis Paraskevas , Blero Daniel , Pezzullo Martina , Devière Jacques , Lemmers Arnaud 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Lateral duodenal wall perforation by a migrated stent is a potential complication of biliary stenting. By systematic database revision, we identified a series of six patients with lateral duodenal wall perforation caused by a displaced plastic biliary stent that were treated with over-the-scope clip (OTSC) between January 1, 2014 and March 31, 2019. In this series, most cases were related to stenting of benign strictures with single or double stenting and with the use of stents longer than 12 cm. OTSC permitted perforation closure in all cases. Most patients had an excellent outcome and did not need any subsequent intervention. However, one patient, who presented with a more severe pneumoretroperitoneum on computed tomography scan, required laparotomy with peritoneal lavage and eventually died due to this complication. We conclude that endoscopic treatment of these perforations with OTSC could be an effective alternative to surgery in selected patients.
First-in-man feasibility study of a novel ingestible magnetically inflated balloon capsule for treatment of obesity
Authors: Kaan Hung Leng , Phan Phuoc Thien , Tiong Anthony Meng Huat , Miyasaka Muneaki , Phee Soo Jay , Ho Khek Yu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntragastric balloons (IGBs) are an established treatment option for obesity. Major barriers to dissemination of IGBs include lack of long-term efficacy outcomes, safety concerns, cost, and tolerability. We developed a novel ingestible magnetically inflated balloon capsule (IMI-BC) in hopes of overcoming these challenges. The IMI-BC is significantly cheaper than IGBs currently available on the market. We performed proof-of-concept animal studies and a first-in-human feasibility study to demonstrate the feasibility of inflating the IMI-BC using an external magnet. Further studies are currently being conducted to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and long-term efficacy of the IMI-BC. When fully developed, we anticipate that this device will benefit obese patients.
Endoscopic full-thickness resection of early colorectal neoplasms using an endoscopic submucosal dissection knife: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Guillaumot Marie-Anne , Barret Maximilien , Jacques Jérémie , Legros Romain , Pioche Mathieu , Rivory Jérome , Rahmi Gabriel , Lepilliez Vincent , Chabrun Edouard , Leblanc Sarah , Chaussade Stanislas 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic full-thickness resection allows resection of early gastrointestinal neoplasms not amenable to conventional endoscopic resection techniques, due to their location, presence of submucosal fibrosis, or suspected deep mural invasion. It is typically achieved using a dedicated over-the-scope device (full-thickness resection device or FTRD). The aim of our study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and clinical outcomes of endoscopic full-thickness resection using an endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) knife.
Patients and methods Consecutive patients who underwent full-thickness endoscopic resection at six tertiary care centers from August 2010 to June 2017 were retrospectively included. We conducted a comparative analysis of patient characteristics, technical success, adverse events, and time to discharge between patients treated by a full-thickness resection using an ESD knife.
Results Twenty-one procedures were performed using an ESD knife. En-bloc resection and R0 resection rates were 95.2 % and 65 %, respectively. Clinical symptoms of perforation occurred in 66.7 %. There was no need for surgery or additional endoscopic procedures.
Conclusion Endoscopic full-thickness resection of early colorectal neoplasms using an ESD knife might be feasible and safe. It allows complete resection of lesions with no limitation in size. The technique may be preferable to an other-the-scope resection device in lesions larger than 20 mm, and to surgery in selected cases of low-risk T1 colorectal carcinomas, non-lifting adenomas, submucosal tumors, or technically challenging lesion locations.
Wald reloaded – Die Neuentdeckung des Waldes aus gesundheitspsychologischer Sicht
Authors: Karim Ahmed A. , Khalil Radwa , Schmitt Marco 
Published: April 2020

SummaryGibt es eine Verbindung zwischen Wald und Gesundheit,die man wissenschaftlich nachweisen kann? Woran liegtes, dass sich viele Menschen nach einem Waldbesuch erholt fühlen? Welche Prozesse spielen hierbei im Gehirnund im Körper eine Rolle? In diesem Artikel werden diewichtigsten Erkenntnisse zum Thema Wald und Gesundheit zusammengefasst. Insbesondere werden die psychophysiologischenund neuroendokrinen Effekte vonWaldaufenthalten besprochen und ihre Relevanz für dieTherapie von psychischen und psychosomatischen Störungendiskutiert.
Challenges and Best Practices in Ethical Review of Human and Organizational Factors Studies in Health Technology: a Synthesis of Testimonies
Authors: Peute Linda W. , Lichtner Valentina , Baysari Melissa T. , Hägglund Maria , Homco Juell , Jansen-Kosterink Stephanie , Jauregui Ignacio , Kaipio Johanna , Kuziemsky Craig E. , Lehnbom Elin Christina , Leite Francisca , Lesselroth Blake , Luna Daniel , Otero Carlos , Pedersen Rune , Pelayo Sylvia , Santos Raquel , Silva Nuno-André , Tyllinen Mari , Van Velsen Lex , Zheng Wu Yi , Jaspers Monique , Marcilly Romaric 
Published: April 2020

Summary
Objective: Human and Organizational Factors (HOF) studies in health technology involve human beings and thus require Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval. Yet HOF studies have specific constraints and methods that may not fit standard regulations and IRB practices. Gaining IRB approval may pose difficulties for HOF researchers. This paper aims to provide a first overview of HOF study challenges to get IRB review by exploring differences and best practices across different countries.
Methods: HOF researchers were contacted by email to provide a testimony about their experience with IRB review and approval. Testimonies were thematically analyzed and synthesized to identify and discuss shared themes.
Results: Researchers from seven European countries, Argentina, Canada, Australia, and the United States answered the call. Four themes emerged that indicate shared challenges in legislation, IRB inefficiencies and inconsistencies, general regulation and costs, and lack of HOF study knowledge by IRB members. We propose a model for IRB review of HOF studies based on best practices.
Conclusion: International criteria are needed that define low and high-risk HOF studies, to allow identification of studies that can undergo an expedited (or exempted) process from those that need full IRB review. Enhancing IRB processes in such a way would be beneficial to the conduct of HOF studies. Greater knowledge and promotion of HOF methods and evidence-based HOF study designs may support the evolving discipline. Based on these insights, training and guidance to IRB members may be developed to support them in ensuring that appropriate ethical issues for HOF studies are considered.