bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environment Protection in Israel
Authors: Orlovsky N. S. , Orlovsky L. G. , Zonn I. S. 
Published: January 2020

In such country as Israel with its high industrialization and urbanization rates the environment protection is of key importance for preserving the biodiversity of nature. Awareness of the need to protect precious natural resources and landscapes of Israel forced to pass numerous laws on protection of nature and wild animals. These laws provide legal basis for protection of environment, natural resources, wild animals, unique nature features and places being of scientific and educational value in this country.Israel locates at the juncture of three continents combining different climatic and botanical regions which have led to appearance of the unique, by diversity and composition, plant and animal world. In Israel you can find 2800 plant varieties (of which 150 are endemics), 8 species of amphibia, 80 species of reptiles, 450 species of birds and 70 species of mammals. For protection of natural biodiversity there were established 224 nature preserves and 203 and historical heritage deserves special mention.In the recent years the governmental and public organizations have focused on development of the programs on environment management for monitoring and ensuring the required quality of water and air and for processing and utilization of solid wastes.Quite spectacular achievements are observed in reintroduction of predatory and bible species, protection of sea turtles, impoundment of the Hula valley and preservation of migratory birds. The government’s initiatives were welcomed by the public that joined in national parks which cover around 23% of the territory of Israel. The nature preserves and national parks represent the whole range of the natural heritage of Israel: Mediterranean forests, coastal and water landscapes, sand dunes, desert and crater landscapes and oases, while the unique archeological these activities. The environmental education, awareness and activities of the society have increased enormously which is proved by the growing number of nongovernmental environmental organizations — from a few in the 1990s to over one hundred nowadays. The greater attention is paid to collection and publication of environmental data.
Conceptual foundations of political modernization in Kazakhstan
Authors: Karpovich O. G. 
Published: January 2020

The need to study the experience of political modernization in Kazakhstan is determined by the fact that the modern Russian Federation largely exhausted the inertial potential of the 1990s, trying to build a model of political modernization, which took into account the national (Russian), world (Western) and regional experience of political and social reforms.The aim of the study was to identify the features of political modernization in Kazakhstan. Based on this goal the following tasks were solved:• to define theoretical and methodological aspects of political modernization;• to identify the features of the study of political modernization in modern political science;• to study the basic concepts of political modernization and features of modernization processes in posttraditional societies.To implement the above goals and solve problems were used methods of discourse analysis. That is why the theoretical and methodological basis of the work is based on the methods developed in the framework of studies of political modernization.
Slovak-Belarusian culture relations
Authors: Hopta I. , Hoptová L. 
Published: January 2020

The Slovak Republic (SR) established diplomatic relations with the Republic of Belarus (RB) in January 1993. Bilateral relations between two Slavic countries, which are historically not burdened with negative experience or problems, are developing in several areas. In recent years, an unprecedented development of Slovak-Belarusian relations can be observed, which is mainly associated with an active political dialogue between the two countries. Bilateral relations are developing in the fields of economics, education, tourism, as well as in the cultural sphere.The main pillar of Slovak-Belarusian cultural ties is the Agreement on Cooperation in the Field of Culture and Art, which was concluded between the Ministry of Culture of the Slovak Republic and the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Belarus in 2005 in Minsk. Currently, there is close cooperation between individual cultural institutions in the field of music, fine arts, literature, as well as intensive cooperation between museums, galleries and libraries. Cultural cooperation between the SR and BR is so actively supported not only by the Slovak and Belarusian ministries of culture, but also by diplomatic missions in both countries.An important milestone in the intensification of mutual cultural ties is the exhibition dedicated to O.P. Mariks, the founder of Belarusian theatrical scenography of Slovak origin, in Bratislava in 2018, the exhibition by Z. Graus Rudavsky “Touch of Slovakia. Picture. Object. Jewel” in Minsk in 2016, the publication of translations of the poems of the great Belarusian poet Y. Kupala in 2017, as well as the publication of publications by the Belarusian author N. Trus about the visit of a Belarusian writer to the territory of modern Slovakia in 1935.Great potential for mutual Slovak-Belarusian cultural cooperation can be observed in the exchange of traditional folklore ensembles. Musical groups present their cultural heritage at various cultural events that are held not only in Slovakia (Slavica Festival, Dozhinki — festival-fair of toilers of the village, etc.), but also in Belarus (Slavic Bazaar in Vitebsk; etc.). Opportunities for cooperation between the SR and Belarus, i.e. culturally and geographically similar countries are very wide. The aim of the article is to identify the specifics and dynamics of Slovak-Belarusian cultural cooperation at the present stage.
Wittgenstein: la consciencia del límite. Una conversación con Carla Carmona
Authors: Brígido Edimar 
Published: January 2020

Carla Carmona es una filósofa española. Doctora en Filosofía por la Universidad de Sevilla. Es profesora de filosofía en la Universidad de Sevilla. Especialista en estética, filosofía del lenguaje y Viena fin de siècle. Tiene una investigación internacionalmente reconocida sobre estética en el pensamiento de Ludwig Wittgenstein. Publicó numerosos artículos sobre los pensamientos de Egon Schiele y Ludwig Wittgenstein. Ha disfrutado de numerosas estancias de investigación en Austria, trabajando con expertos del contexto fin de siècle de Viena. En los últimos años, se ha dedicado al estudio del pensamiento estético y político de Peter Sloterdijk. En 2014 publicó Tributação voluntária e responsabilidade cidadã. Vale la pena mencionar sus libros A ideia pictórica de Egon Schiele: Um Ensaio sobre a lógica representacional (Edições Genueve, 2012), Tightrope do eterno: Na gramática alucinado Egon Schiele (Cliff, 2013), Egon Schiele: Writings 1909-1918 (a Micro, 2014), Ludwig Wittgenstein: La consciencia del límite (Biblioteca Discover filosofia, El País , 2015).
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN HASIL BELAJAR MATA KULIAH AUDIT INTERNAL PADA MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN PUBLIK KELAS A DAN B
Authors: Perma Aras 
Published: January 2020

Abstrak Audit internal adalah aktivitas independen, keyakinan objektif dan konusultasi yang dirancang untuk memberi nilai tambah dan meningkatkan operasi organisasi .Audit tersebut membantu organisasi mencapai tujuannya dengan menerapkan pendekatan yang sistematis dan berdisiplin untuk mengevaluasi dan meningkatkan efektivitas proses pengelolaan risiko, kecukupan kontrol, dan pengelolaan organisasi. Penelitian ini mengenai tingkat kemampuan belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah audit internal antara kelas A dan B. Dalam penelitian ini yang harus dimiliki oleh mahasiswa adalah mampu menjadi seorang yang memahami mengenai pemahaman Audit Internal dengan baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan hasil belajar mahasiswa akuntansi keuangan publik semester 4 mengenai Audit Internal antara kelas A dan B. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh peran dan usaha mahasiswa dalam mempelajari mata kuliah audit internal terhadap efektivitas belajar audit internal pada kelas A dan B. Penelitian ini menggunakan data skunder sebagai sumber penelitian. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah para mahasiswa yang berada pada prodi D4 akuntansi keuangan publik semester 4 sebanyak 52 mahasiswa kelas A dan B . Metode penentuan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah convenience sampling, dan uji non-Parametric Menn-Whitney. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa variabel hasil kemampuan pemahaman belajar mahasiswa tidak ada perbedaan dari kedua kelas antara kelas A dan B. Dapat disimpulkan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa hasil belajar mahasiswa dalam mata kuliah audit internal antara kelas A dan B sangat menurun sehingga berpengaruh pada hasil belajar dan juga kurang minat belajar kelas A dan B pada mata kuliah audit internal.
TINJAUAN PENERAPAN PPH PASAL 23 ATAS JASA PEMELIHARAAN/PERAWATAN LISTRIK PADA PT PLN WILAYAH SULSELRABAR
Authors: Burhan Imron , Akrim Djusdil , Ramadhan Dhana 
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan pemotongan, penyetoran dan pelaporan Pajak Penghasilan (PPh) Pasal 23 atas jasa pemeliharaan/perawatan listrik pada PT PLN (PERSERO) Wilayah Sulselrabar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Metode Deskriptif Kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara kepada staff Divisi Perpajakan PT PLN (PERSERO) Wilayah Sulselrabar. Hasil dari penelitian adalah divisi perpajakan membuat rekap dan melakukan pemotongan PPh Pasal 23 atas jasa pemeliharaan/perawatan listrik menggunakan aplikasi e-SPT dengan tarif sebesar 2% dikalikan jumlah bruto. Setelah itu, dilakukan penyetoran PPh Pasal 23 atas jasa pemeliharaan/perawatan listrik di bank persepsi menggunakan SSP kemudian PT PLN akan menerima BPN dan NTPN dari bank persepsi sebagai bukti bahwa PT PLN telah melakukan penyetoran PPh Pasal 23 atas jasa pemeliharaan/perawatan listrik. Setelah melakukan penyetoran, PT PLN melakukan pelaporan PPh Pasal 23 atas jasa pemeliharaan/perawatan listrik di KPP Kota Madya dengan SPT Masa PPh Pasal 23
In vitro antioxidant activity of Bougainvillea glabra and Mucuna pruriens
Authors: GopiKrishna Rakam  , Raja Sundararajan  
Published: January 2020

The purpose of the contemporary in vitro work implemented was to examine the antioxidant effect of Bougainvillea glabra and Mucuna pruriens methanol extracts. Methanol extracts of Bougainvillea glabra and Mucuna pruriens were screened individually for different in vitro antioxidant activity. Commercial antioxidants such as vitamin E, Ascorbic acid were used as reference standard. For ABTS+ assay IC50 value of Bougainvillea glabra & Mucuna pruriens metha­nol extract were found to be 17.1μg/ml and 23.2μg/ml correspondingly. Likewise, the IC50 values for xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity for Bougainvillea glabra and Mucuna pruriens was found to be 46.7μg/ml and 95.1μg/ml, respectively. For scavenging of various assay models like nitric oxide, hydroxyl and superoxide anion scavenging activity, the IC50 values for Bougainvillea glabra were found to be 45.3μg/ml, 70.1μg/ml and 38.1μg/ml respectively. The IC50 values for Mucuna pruriens for nitric oxide, hydroxyl and superoxide anion scavenging activity, were found to be 92.1μg/ml, 43.4μg/ml and 50.3μg/ml respectively. Bougainvillea glabra and Mucuna pruriens methanol extracts showed 50 % inhibition effect at concentrations 118 μg/ml and 121 μg/ml respectively for lipid peroxidation assay. The IC50 values for DPPH scavenging assay for Bougainvillea glabra and Mucuna pruriens was found to be 13.24μg/ml and 14.4μg/ml correspondingly. For DMPD assay Bougainvillea glabra and Mucuna pruriens possess the IC50 value 16.34 μg/ml and 17.4 μg/ml correspondingly. Methanol extracts of Bougainvillea glabra and Mucuna pruriens exhibited potent in vitro antioxidant activity.
Studi in silico potensi anthelmintik rambusa (Passiflora foetida) sebagai inhibitor produksi ATP pada Ascaris suum
Authors: Novian Dede Rival , Winarso Aji 
Published: January 2020

Resistensi terhadap anthelmintika memacu upaya penemuan anthelmintika baru yang bekerja melalui penghambatan produksi energi ATP anaerobik pada sel parasit. Parasit melakukan metabolisme menggunakan enzim fumarat reduktase yang berfungsi untuk mengubah fumarat menjadi suksinat. Reaksi fumarat reduktase terjadi di mitokondria dengan bantuan rhodoquinone. Mitochondrial rhodoquinol-fumarate reductase dianggap sebagai target reseptor yang baik untuk pengembangan anthelmintik baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi interaksi antara senyawa Passiflora foetida dengan reseptor mitochondrial rhodoquinol-fumarate reductase dari cacing Ascaris suum dengan metode in silico. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa senyawa bioaktif ermanin dan deidadlin dari Passiflora foetida memiliki potensi sebagai senyawa obat anthelmintik. Aktivitas senyawa ermanin dan deidaclin memiliki ernegi afinitias berturut turut-turut sebesar -8,2 kcal/mol dan -7,8 kcal/mol, bahkan lebih rendah dari senyawa Atpenin (-7,6kcal/mol)
Peningkatan Potensi Anggota KWT dalam Pemanfaatan Pekarangan untuk Tanaman Obat dan Kosmetika Menggunakan Metode Tanam Vertikal di Desa Cibiru Wetan, Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Aligita Widhya , Muttaqin Fauzan Zein , Muhsinin Soni , Febrina Ellin , Asnawi Aiyi 
Published: January 2020

POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF WOMAN FARMING GROUP IN THE UTILIZATION OF THE YARD FOR DRUG AND COSMETICS PLANTS USING VERTICAL GARDEN METHOD IN CIBIRU WETAN VILLAGE, BANDUNG REGENCY. The village of Cibiru Wetan is largely a rice field and swidden area with hilly contours and insufficient water availability. One of the utilization of fields with a lack of water is by growing plants that require minimal water, including medicinal plants and cosmetics. The initiation of this activity has a high prospect of success due to the high initiative and participation of the population in the form of women's farmer groups and the family welfare team as evidenced by the many achievements, awards, and skills gained by the Cibiru Wetan Village through the participation of its citizens. Therefore, the purpose of the project activity was socialization and practice at women’s farmer group of Cibiru Wetan Village through the use of medicinal plants and cosmetics with simple appropriate technology through vertical gardening. The method of implementation used in the training program for planting medicinal plants was divided two stage, that was providing information about family medicinal plants ranging from understanding to the benefits of the plants, and the last step was explaining or training and direct practice of planting medicinal plants and cosmetics using vertical planting. The results showed a positive understanding of the two groups of women’s farmer group I and II and the family welfare team, both for the stage of socialization and counseling as well as for the practice phase of planting medicinal plants and cosmetics vertically. The conclusion was the use of medicinal plants and cosmetics could increase the understanding of the target group and the compost produced by residents could be utilized through this activity.
Peningkatan Peran Antenatal Care (ANC) dan Pemanfaatan TOGA dalam Kehamilan di Puskesmas Sawangan Depok
Authors: Harfiani Erna , Amalia Muttia , Chairani Aulia 
Published: January 2020

ENHANCING OF ANC AND UTILIZATION OF TOGA IN PREGNANCY AT SAWANGAN DEPOK. Women’s and children’s health problems today remain a global challenge and need remedial action. Maternal death is the death of a woman during pregnancy or death within 42 days of termination of pregnancy. Antenatal care (ANC) is an attempt to prevent the causes of morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and children. During pregnancy various physiological changes occur in pregnant women, this certainly has an impact on the psychology and health of pregnant women. TOGA (Family medicinal plants) can be used to help overcome this uncomfortable situation. Plants that can be used by pregnant women include, such as ginger, red spinach, red betel, green betel, tomatoes, and broccoli. There is a possibility of abnormalities such as bleeding, preeclampsia, and infection during pregnancy. Therefore there is a need for monitoring in the form of Antenatal Care during pregnancy and the mother’s understanding of early detection of the risk of abnormalities during pregnancy. This community service is carried out to increase community knowledge around the Sawangan Depok Community Health Center about the importance of ANC and the use of TOGA in pregnant women as well as training in the introduction of several abnormalities and emergencies during pregnancy through counseling with lecture media, pamphlets and pocketbooks on ANC and the use of TOGA. This activity went well and the results can be seen there is an increase in the results of the posttest compared to the pretest, and statistically, there are significant differences.
Component Design
Authors: Solari Mario , Bilmes Pablo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A systematic procedure for minimizing risks involved in heat treated steel components requires a combination of metallurgical failure analysis and fitness for service with respect to safety and reliability based on risk analysis. This chapter begins with an overview of heat treat processing of steels. This is followed by sections on various aspects of heat treatment design and heat treating practices for minimizing distortion. Influence of design, steel grade, and condition is then illustrated in the examples of failures due to heat treatment. A procedure is analyzed to improve the performance of the design process of a component. A heat-transfer model, coupling with a phase transformation model, a thermomechanical model, and a thermochemical model, is also considered. The chapter further provides information on the failure aspects of and heat treatment procedures applied to welded components. It ends with a section on risk-based approach applicable to heat treated steel components.
Mechanisms and Causes of Failures in Heat Treated Steel Parts
Authors: Aliya Debbie 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This chapter reviews various ways to classify failure categories and summarizes the basic types, causes, and mechanisms of damage, with particular consideration given to whether the likelihood of the types of damage can or cannot be influenced by the heat treating of steel parts. The classical organization for types of damage (failures) is as follows: deformation, fracture, wear, corrosion or other environmental damage, and multiple or complex damage. The chapter also provides some examples of lack of conformance to specification that may at first look like the heat treater did something wrong, but where other contributing factors made it difficult or impossible for the heat treater to meet the specification.
Sources of Failures in Carburized and Carbonitrided Components
Authors: Przyłęcka Małgorzata , Gęstwa Wojciech , Canale Lauralice C.F. , Yao Xin , Totten G.E. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis chapter provides information on various contributors to failure of carburized and carbonitrided components, with the primary focus on carburized components. The most common contributors covered include component design, selection of proper hardenability, increased residual stress, dimensional stability, and generation of quenching and grinding cracks. They also include insufficient case hardness and improper core hardness, influence of surface carbon content and grain size, internal oxidation, structure of carbides, and inclusion of noncarbide. Details on micropitting, macropitting, case crushing, pitting corrosion, and partial melting are also provided.
Fatigue Fracture of Nitrided Layers
Authors: Nakonieczny Aleksander 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This chapter discusses the various factors influencing the evaluation of fatigue fracture of nitrided layers. It begins by describing the problems of enhancing the fatigue resistance of machine components. The significance and detailed assessment of the effect of a structural flaw are then explained, using investigations of the effect of variable core conditions on fatigue resistance as an example. This is followed by a discussion on the processes involved in the evaluation of fatigue properties of nitrided steels. The chapter also describes the determination of the fatigue characteristics of nitrided steels after the carbonitriding treatment.
Steel Heat Treatment Failures due to Quenching
Authors: Canale L.C.F. , Totten G.E. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the fundamental material- and process-related parameters of quenching on residual stress, distortion control, and cracking. It begins with a description of phase transformations during heating and quenching of steel. This is followed by a section on the effects of materials and quench process design on distortion of steel during heat treating. Details on stress raisers and their role in quench cracking are then presented. The chapter ends with various selected case histories of failures attributed to the quenching process.
Case Studies of Steel Component Failures in Aerospace Applications
Authors: MacKenzie Scott 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This chapter presents various case histories that illustrate a variety of failure mechanisms experienced by the high-strength steel components in aerospace applications. The components covered are catapult holdback bar, AISI 420 stainless steel roll pin, main landing gear (MLG) lever, inboard flap hinge bolt, nose landing gear piston axle, multiple-leg aircraft-handling sling, aircraft hoist sling, internal spur gear, and MLG axle. In addition, the chapter provides information on full-scale fatigue testing, nondestructive testing, and failure analysis of fin attach bolts.
Failure Analysis of Powder Metal Steel Components
Authors: Ashok S. , Sriram Sundar 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This chapter reviews failure aspects of structural ferrous powder metallurgy (PM) parts, which form the bulk of the PM industry. The focus is on conventional PM technology of parts in the density range of 6 to 7.2 g/cc. The chapter briefly introduces the processing steps that are essential to understanding failure analysis of PM parts. This is followed by a section on case hardening of PM parts. The methods used for analyzing the failures are then discussed. Some case studies are given that illustrate different failures and the methods of prevention of these failures.