bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prato reaction derived polythiophene/C60 donor–acceptor double cable polymer, fabrication of photodetectors and evaluation of photocurrent generation
Authors: Iftikhar Sunniya , Aslam Saba , Butt Nauman Zafar , Ashraf Raja Shahid , Yameen Basit 
Published: November 2020

A polythiophene/C60 D–A covalent hybrid developed via a combination of GRIM polymerization, side chain engineering, and Prato reaction exhibited higher photocurrent generation when used as a photoactive layer in an organic photodetector.
Automated unsupervised learning‐based clustering approach for effective anomaly detection in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Authors: Govindaraj Vishnuvarthanan , Thiyagarajan Arunprasath , Rajasekaran Pallikonda , Zhang Yudong , Krishnasamy Rajesh 
Published: November 2020

This research study is intended to deliver effective magnetic resonance (MR) brain image segmentation, which is an ambiguous process in the domain of medical image analysis. In general, MR brain image comprises various tissue structures; and an accurate representation of the above‐mentioned regions is essential to have a perfect identification of different grades of tumours, and obtaining effective demarcation of different areas in which the oedema portion is widespread. The accurate representation and identification of the abnormal regions in the MR images can be a vital tool for the radiologists and oncologists to proceed further with the treatment processes. This study aims in developing a novel automated approach that combines self‐organising map and interval type‐2 fuzzy logic clustering, providing ample knowledge to the clinicians in identifying the aberrant regions present in the patient brain. A non‐invasive analysis blended with quicker segmentation results are proffered by the proposed methodology and its functioning abilities have been assessed using comparison metrics such as mean‐squared error (MSE), peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR), processing time duration, and few other standard metrics. The proposed methodology has offered commendable MSE and PSNR values, which are 0.234778 and 54.847 dB, and it can be undeniably utilised for analysing the patient diseases.
Far-Lateral Transcondylar Approach to a Right Cervicomedullary Dural Arteriovenous Fistula of the Posterior Fossa
Authors: Rubio Roberto R. , Chae Ricky , Dubnicoff Todd , Winkler Ethan , Abla Adib A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objectives Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) at the cervicomedullary junction are uncommon and often accompanied by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We aim to illustrate in detail the microsurgical procedure for treating a DAVF located at the cervicomedullary junction.
Design We present a two-dimensional operative video that includes clinical history, preoperative imaging, surgical strategy, still images with labels, clinical course, and postoperative imaging.
Setting The microsurgery was performed at an academic medical center.
Participant The patient is a 55-year-old female who presented with SAH, acute onset headache, nausea, and vomiting. Angiography demonstrated right vertebral artery vasospasm and a persistent arteriovenous shunt at the cervicomedullary junction supplied by small perforating arteries of the right vertebrobasilar junction (Fig. 1).
Main Outcome Measures The patient was placed in the park-bench position with the head turned to the contralateral side. A hockey stick incision was made, followed by a right-side far-lateral transcondylar approach. Indocynanine green videoangiography was performed to help identify the areas of arteriovenous shunting. Multiple clips were placed to interrupt vessels that corresponded to arterial feeders at the level of the C1 and C2 nerve root sleeves (Fig. 2). The dura was closed in a water tight fashion and the posterior fossa was reconstructed with a titanium mesh.
Results Postoperative imaging showed no evidence of continued arteriovenous shunting. The patient was discharged in good clinical condition with an uneventful postoperative course.
Conclusion A deep understanding of the microsurgical vascular anatomy is necessary for successful occlusion of a cervicomedullary DAVF.The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/-LfOcNB05BY.
First Total Synthesis and Investigation of the X-ray Crystal Structure of the Pyrano[3,2-a]carbazole Alkaloid Clausenalansine A
Authors: Knölker Hans-Joachim , Lösle Valerie , Kataeva Olga 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe describe the first total synthesis of the recently discovered pyrano[3,2-a]carbazole alkaloid clausenalansine A. The synthetic strategy for the construction of this formylpyrano[3,2-a]carbazole is based on a sequence of Buchwald–Hartwig coupling, palladium(II)-catalyzed oxidative cyclization, Lewis acid promoted annulation of the pyran ring, and chemoselective oxidation of a methyl to a formyl group.
Penza's Surgical Maneuver: A Key to Tackle Complex Proximal Descending Thoracic Aortic Infectious or Malignant Issues
Authors: Rosseykin Evgeny , Chichevatov Dmitry , Sinev Evgeny , Kobzev Evgeny 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe performed off-pump ascending-to-descending aortic grafting with the debranching of left carotid and subclavian arteries and total aortic arch transection in three patients. We have called this technique “Penza's Surgical Maneuver” and propose it for a safe surgery in cases where the aortic arch, the aortic isthmus, the beginning segment of the descending aorta, the esophagus, and a lung are diseased.
Dynamics of a qubit-oscillator system with periodically varying coupling
Authors: Amico Mirko , Kezerashvili Roman Ya 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The dynamics of qubits coupled to a harmonic oscillator with time-periodic coupling is investigated in the framework of Floquet theory. This system can be used to model nonadiabatic phenomena that require a periodic modulation of the qubit/oscillator coupling. The case of a single qubit coupled to a resonator populated with n = 0, 1 photon is explicitly treated. The time-dependent Schrödinger equation describing the system’s dynamics is solved within the Floquet formalism and compared to a solution obtained with perturbative approaches in the time- and Laplace-domain. Excellent quantitative agreement is found between the analytical and numerical calculations within the Floquet approach, demonstrating the effectiveness of the technique for the study of the dynamical Lamb effect.
Metal–insulator transition in epitaxial Ga-doped ZnO films via controlled thickness
Authors: Mukherjee Joynarayan , Nanda B R K , Ramachandra Rao M S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Understanding and tuning of metal–insulator transition (MIT) in oxide systems is an interesting and active research topics of condensed matter physics. We report thickness dependent MIT in Ga-doped ZnO (Ga:ZnO) thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition technique. From the electrical transport measurements, we find that while the thinnest film (6 nm) exhibits a resistivity of 0.05 Ω cm, lying in the insulating regime, the thickest (51 nm) has resistivity of 6.6 × 10−4 Ω cm which shows metallic type of conduction. Our analysis reveals that the Mott’s variable range hopping model governs the insulating behavior in the 6 nm film whereas the 2D weak localization (WL) phenomena is appropriate to explain the electron transport in the thicker Ga:ZnO films. Magnetoresistance study further confirms the presence of strong localization in 6 nm film while WL is observed in 20 nm and above thicker films. From the density functional calculations, it is found that due to surface reconstruction and Ga doping, strong crystalline disorder sets in very thin films to introduce localized states and thereby, restricts the donor electron mobility.
Biological enzyme treatment of starch-based lithium-ion battery silicon-carbon composite
Authors: Wei Runhong , Xu Ruhui , Zhang Keyu , Liang Feng , Yao Yaochun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Silicon/carbon composites have the disadvantages of large volume expansion and high cost, which limits their commercial application. In this study, green and economic starch was used to prepare porous starch (PS) under the action of enzymes, and then nano-silica was embedded in the PS. A PS based carbon/silicon/carbon composite was prepared by coating and carbonizing the starch slurry, which can alleviate the volume expansion of silicon. The results show that the anode composite material with 20% silicon content has a high initial capacity of 869 mAh g−1 and an initial Coulombic efficiency of 66% at 0.2 A g−1, and the specific capacity is maintained 450 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles. When the silicon content reaches 30%, the reversible capacity of the composite is 1490 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.2 A g−1, and the capacity remains 850 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles. Its excellent properties and stability are attributed to the abundant porosity of the carbon in the starch derived layer, which improves the structural stability and electrochemical kinetics. This method provides a reference for the sustainable and environmental protection of lithium-ion battery anode materials.
Improved chemical precipitation prepared rapidly NiCo2S4 with high specific capacitance for supercapacitors
Authors: Tang Jibin , Huang Wanxia , Lv Xiang , Shi Qiwu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this work, rapid chemical precipitation assisted annealing method is used to prepare flower-like NiCo2S4. And the flower-like structure after polyethylene glycol (PEG) modification yields an excellent specific capacitance (2198.9 F g−1 at 1 A g−1). And an asymmetric supercapacitor assembled with NiCo2S4 (PEG-modified) and activated carbon (AC) shows an energy density of 38.2 Wh kg−1 at 400 W kg−1, and outstanding stability (80% remained after 3000 cycles at 5 A g−1). Benefited by a larger specific surface area and suitable pore size of the aggregate structure, the specific capacitance of prepared NiCo2S4 is increased by about 2 times. This uncomplicated preparation method is proved to be suitable for NiCo2S4 with a high specific capacitance of supercapacitors.
Characterization of MOCVD regrown p-GaN and the interface properties for vertical GaN power devices
Authors: Fu Kai , Qi Xin , Fu Houqiang , Su Po-Yi , Liu Hanxiao , Yang Tsung-Han , Yang Chen , Montes Jossue , Zhou Jingan , Ponce Fernando A , Zhao Yuji 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

p-type gallium nitride (GaN) layers were regrown on etched surfaces on free-standing GaN substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition with different growth rates by adjusting trimethylgallium flow rates. The roughness of the samples increases almost linearly with the growth rate, with an increase rate of 0.6 nm (μm h−1) −1. The screw dislocation density of the samples increases significantly when the growth rate is higher than 0.5 μm h
−

1. When the magnesium (Mg) doping concentration is higher than 7.0 × 1019 cm−3, transmission electron microscopy images clearly show the regrowth interfaces, and Mg precipitate occur in high-doping p-GaN layers. Under the same bis(cyclopentadienyl)magnesium (Cp2Mg) flow rate, the Mg doping concentration decreases with the growth rate. The samples with different growth rates show different electroluminescence spectra. The emission peak at 2.8 eV is due to the transition from the deep donor level to the Mg acceptor level. And the intensity of this peak drops with increasing growth rate due to reduction of Mg acceptors. Transitions related to defect levels appears with increasing growth rate due to an increased screw dislocation density.
Miniaturized ultra-narrowband HTS linear phase filter with CQ units sharing quarter-wavelength resonators
Authors: Zhou Liguo , Long Zhihe , Feng Quanyuan , Di Zhixiong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes a method for designing a miniaturized ultra-narrowband high-temperature superconducting (HTS) linear phase filter based on the resonator-shared cascaded quadruplet (CQ) units constructed by the quarter-wavelength microstrip line. Two types of CQ unit with different coupling configurations are utilized to introduce transmission zeros and realize the linear phase. The introduction of transmission zeros increases the transition band roll-off rate, and the in-band group delay characteristic is improved through the phase compensation. The number of resonators and the filter size further decrease by sharing a resonator between two adjacent CQ units. Finally, a ten-order compact ultra-narrowband linear phase HTS filter with three CQ units is designed to demonstrate the feasibility. The central frequency of the filter is 450 MHz with the fractional bandwidth of 2.22%, and the dimension is 38.7 mm × 12.5 mm (0.141λ
g0 × 0.047λ
g0, λ
g0 is the guided wavelength at the central frequency f
0). The measured results show an excellent performance in the insertion loss, the out-of-band rejection, the return loss, and the passband selectivity. Moreover, the bandwidth with a group delay ripple within 30 ns occupies 70% of the entire passband, highlighting the linear phase feature. In addition, the first parasitic passband is located at 3.8 times of the fundamental frequencies. The test results are in good agreement with the simulated ones.
Nanostructure Fusion Region of Single Mode Fiber Coupler
Authors: Irawan Dedi , Fakhrudin Z , Mustakim  , Vebrianto Rian , Saktioto  
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper reported the characteristic of the fusion region of single mode fiber coupler. Theoretical consideration of the coupling model such as the degree of fusion and the profile of the coupling region has been investigated. The degree of fusion was inversely proportional with the separation distance between the fiber axis and the diameter of the fusion region. Fusion and elongation process also has also changed the geometrical structure of the single mode fiber. FESEM image describes that the Silicon distribution was defined as a spherical crystalline which were well-dispersed. The surface of coupling region fiber coupler has the average size of the spherical-shape crystalline varies between 300 – 500 nm. However, by increasing the elongation speed and the temperature will reduce the numbers of Si per unit area, so that the density becomes fewer. It also causes the distance between the spherical shapes become longer.
The Effect of Permanent Magnet on Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) and Ozone Production
Authors: Murdiya Fri , Hamzah Amir , Firdaus  , Ramdani  , Andrio David 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper reports the experimental results on the characteristic of ozone generator induced by a magnetic field from permanent magnets (ring PMs or combination of ring PMs and neodymium PMs) and a solid dielectric (floor ceramic/tile). Three electrode configurations (Models I, II and III) with ring PMs installed above and below the electrodes (anode and cathode of parallel plane type) were designed to examine the performance of an ozone generator. In addition, several small neodymium permanent magnets (neoPMs) were attached to the anode electrode for initiating plasma in the air gap. 9 ceramics trademarks were used in this study as a solid dielectric, among which 4 ceramics (i.e. platinum brand ceramics made in Indonesia of numbers 4 and 7 and granite types of numbers 8 and 9) produced good plasma. The intensity of the light emitted by plasma in the gap, plasma position, relationship of current and voltage and amount of ozone production were measured experimentally. It is shown that the addition of PMs above and below the electrode greatly affects the performance of the ozone generator by the effect of the magnetic field.
Design of Straight Motion Experiment using Electric Motor Ticker Timer Based on Microcontroller
Authors: Ali Riri Hardiyanti , Rahmad M. , Islami Nur , Azizahwati  , Syafii Muhammad 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Most school experiment tools are limited and successful abstract concepts and unsuccessful ones become difficult to learn. Therefore we need an experiment to see the facts of the concept of straight motion become real. The purpose of this study is to discuss an experimental device using arduino uno motion to calculate the speed, distance, time and acceleration that has been obtained by an object. The method used is R & D research and development, but only tests on product design. The results showed that this program was able to simulate the concept of straight motion through cooperation between the Arduino program with sensors that work to calculate the expected physical quantities well. 97% with a very high degree of accuracy. As for the empirical test in obtaining an accuracy score of 93% with a high degree of accuracy. Thus this tool has been able to produce the concept of straight motion and has reached accuracy.
Effect of Chemical Activation on the Physical Properties of Activated Carbon from Banana Empty Fruit Bunches as Heavy Metal Adsorbent
Authors: Awitdrus  , Manulang Rita Kartini , Agustino  , Saktioto  , Iwantono  , Syahputra Romi Fadli , Farma Rakhmawati 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Heavy metal pollution was a headline issue for environmental degradation, both in water and soil environments. Reducing efforts of heavy metal can be carried out through the green system, such as activated carbon from agriculture waste. This paper investigates the properties of activated carbon from banana empty fruit bunches (BEFBs) for heavy metal adsorption. The activated carbon was produced using chemical activation under microwave-assisted. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is used as an activating agent for concentrations of 2, 3, and 4 M, each sample denoted AC-2M, AC-3M, and AC-4, respectively. The microwave irradiation was performed by a commercial microwave oven with output power up to 630 W for 15 minutes. X-ray diffraction characterization result shows the lower stack length Lc occurs in a sample of AC-2M with a value of 10.966. The surface morphology of all samples shows the presence of non-uniformed pores. The EDX analysis reveals that carbon content of AC-2M is higher than other samples up to 78.86%, while the oxygen is lower (11.87%). FTIR spectrum shown that the activated carbon from BEFBs contain functional groups of C-H, C=C, C-C, C-OH, and CH2 at wavenumber 2887 cm−1, 2360.97 cm−1, 2339.5 cm−1, 1573 cm−1, 1393.63 cm−1, and 998.21 cm−1, respectively. As the best sample, AC-2M shows higher heavy metal adsorption as much as 87.41% for Pb and 62.35% for Cu.
Smart Box Development for Food Storage with PCI-Based Temperature PID Control
Authors: Nugroho Andi , Setiadi Rahmondia Nanda , Umar Lazuardi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Temperature measurement with a control system aims to improve the quality of automation processes in the field of instrumentation, automatic systems and especially food production. The primary function of the control system is to maintain predetermined or changeable variables under specified conditions. The control system is determined by three factors, namely, process variables, controller variables and manipulated variables. In this study, the temperature response was measured in an acrylic box with a size of 30×30×20 cm3 using a PT100 sensor. The temperature response was verified with a PID control system integrated with LabVIEW software and acquired by a PCI 6221 card. The PT100 sensor calibration with the Voltcraft digital temperature shown a linear relationship. The results of the temperature response test with the PI system produced P and I parameters of 9.03 and 2.7 min, respectively, while in the PID system the P, I and D parameters were 13.2, 6.2 min and 0.2 min, respectively. The response of the control system with the PI type is more stable and consistent than the PID type. Based on the results obtained, the temperature control process using a PI or PID control system with a TD value of 0 is more recommended.
Isolation Beauveria Bassiana Vuill. Entomopathogen Local From Plant Agriculture Rhizosphere in Riau Province, Indonesia with Insect Bait Tenebrio Molitor Larvae
Authors: Hapsoh  , Salbiah D , Dini I R 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogen that has the ability to control agricultural crop pests. The purpose of this study was to find local B. bassiana from various rhizosphere of agricultural plants in Riau Province, Indonesia using insect baiting techniques. Isolation is carried out in several rhizosphere in plants such as oil palm, chili and rice. The results showed that isolate B. bassiana from oil palm plantations showed a faster time of infection in the test larvae of 3 days and 100% mortality, time to grow on PDA medium 2 days and conidia density 4.87 × 107 con/ml.
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis, Antioxidant and Toxicological Evaluation of a Hydrazone, 1-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-2-phenylhydrazine
Authors: Afriana N , Frimayanti N , Zamri A , Jasril J 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Hydrazone is an imine-derived compound that has various biological activities such as anticancer, antitumor, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antidepressant. Antioxidants play an important role in removing oxidants and preventing cell damage and the toxicity of a compound is one of the parameters in drug discovery, especially anticancer. In this work, a hydrazone, 1-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-2-phenylhydrazine has been synthesized under microwave irradiation and evaluated for its antioxidant activity by DPPH assay. The toxicity of this compound was evaluated by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) for pre-screening of anticancer drugs. The compound was elucidated for its structure using UV-Vis, FTIR, GC-MS, 1D, and 2D NMR spectrometers. Based on the toxicological evaluation using BSLT, the synthesized compound possessed a highly toxic with LC50 value of 0.018 μg/mL and has strong antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 41.33 μg/mL. These suggest that the synthesized hydrazone compound is a potential compound in the development of antioxidant and anticancer drugs.
Screening for Potential Laccase Producers from Trichoderma Strains Isolated From Riau Citrus Rhizosphere and Palm Tree Plant Parts
Authors: Pisacha Iga M , Perkasa Tengku Arief B , Amnelia Tiara , Miranti M , Puspita Fifi , Nurulita Yuana , Nugroho Titania T 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The enzyme laccase has wide biotechnology applications in the textile, pulp, food and pharmaceutical industry. Fungal laccases have higher redox potential than bacterial laccases, therefore are more preferred for industry. This study aimed to screen for potential laccase producers from several Trichoderma strains isolated from citrus rhizosphere and as endophytes of palm trees. Four strains were initially screened in a qualitative colour assay on PDA supplemented with substrate indicators of laccase. The qualitative assay showed that Trichoderma asperelloides LBKURCC2 demonstrated strong laccase activity on PDA supplemented with guaiacol or 2,2’-azino-di-3-ethylbenzotiazol-6-sulfonate (ABTS). Trichoderma virens LBKURCC70, 71 and 85 showed very week laccase activity on media supplemented with guaiacol, and no detectable laccase on media supplemented with ABTS. Quantitative assays for laccase activity were performed on crude enzyme extracts from solid state fermentation systems with rice straw as the laccase inducer, and the test fungal strain as the prospective producer. From the quantitative assays it was found that T. asperelloides LBKURCC2 produced the highest laccase activity (208 ± 76 U/L). Laccase activity produced by T. virens LBKURCC70 was 19 ± 5 U/L, while there were no detectable laccase activities produced by T. virens LBKURCC71 and 85.