bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Xolography for 3D Printing in Microgravity
Authors: König Niklas Felix , Reuter Marcus , Reuß Marvin , Kromer Christian Sebastian Fabian , Herder Martin , Garmshausen Yves , Asfari Baraa , Israel Eric , Vasconcelos Lima Lucíola , Puvati Nishit , Leonhard Jannes , Madalo Linos , Heuschkel Steffen , Engelhard Marcus , Arzhangnia Yousef , Radzinski Dirk 
Published: December 2024

AbstractXolography is a volumetric 3D printing technique utilizing intersecting light beams within a volume of photopolymer for a spatially controlled photopolymerization. Unlike layer‐based methods, Xolography creates structures continuously within a closed photopolymer vat, eliminating the prevalent need for support structures and allowing full geometrical freedom at high printing speeds. The volumetric working principle does not rely on gravity, making Xolography an outstanding technology for additive manufacturing under microgravity conditions as illustrated in a set of experiments during a parabolic flight campaign. The microgravity environment obviates the need for rheology control of resins, enabling the use of low‐viscosity formulations (e.g., 11 mPa s) while maintaining the fast and precise 3D printing of acrylic polymer resins and hydrogels. Xolography's speed and reliability facilitate rapid iterations of a print task between Earth's gravity and microgravity conditions. This capability positions Xolography as an ideal tool for material research and manufacturing in space, offering significant cost and efficiency advantages over traditional methods.
A New Generation of Multimilliwatt‐Class Colloidal Quantum‐Dot Lasers at Full Colors
Authors: Zhang Hao , Jiao Kerong , Hu Yongsheng , Huang Zhigao , Wu Yuting , Song Qingxiu , Ta Van Duong , Sun Handong , Shen Hua , Wang Yue 
Published: December 2024

AbstractColloidal quantum dots (QDs) are attractive gain materials owing to the wide range of accessible colors. However, the existing QD lasers struggle to combine technologically relevant metrics of low threshold and long operating duration with considerable output powers. Here a new class of full‐color QD lasers are reported, featuring low threshold, uninterrupted operation for dozens of hours, and multimilliwatt output under quasi‐steady‐state pumping, by coupling the high‐gain QDs with a double‐clad pumping scheme. Corroborated by the comprehensive transient spectroscopy and numerical simulation, it is demonstrated that the ternary QDs with specially designed fine nanostructure enable the low gain threshold, giant gain coefficient, long gain lifetime, and excellent resistance against intense photoexcitation. Meanwhile, the double‐clad QD‐fiber design allows for record‐long light‐gain interaction, high conversion efficiency, and sustained device operation. As such, the QD lasers with multimilliwatt output powers, unobserved in QD lasers to date, have been realized. Further, the proof‐of‐concept application for generating vortex beams with various topological charges is demonstrated. This work represents significant progress toward practical lasers based on QDs.
Nonlinear Optical Properties of 2D vdW Ferromagnetic Nanoflakes for Magneto‐Optical Logic Applications
Authors: Bera Satyabrata , Kalimuddin Sk , Bera Arnab , Roy Deep Singha , Debnath Tuhin , Das Soham , Mondal Mintu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract2D magnetic materials are garnering significant interest due to their high carrier mobilities, valley pseudospins, tunable bandgaps, and novel spin textures enabling exciting opportunities to explore unique nonlinear optical phenomena and develop next‐generation magneto‐optic and optoelectronic devices. Recently, the FenGeTe2 (FnGT) family of 2D magnets has emerged as a promising candidate for spintronic applications due to their non‐trivial spin textures in low dimensions compared to bulk materials. A coherent interaction is reported between light and suspended FnGT nanoflakes (NFs), resulting in spatial self‐phase modulation (SSPM), a direct manifestation of the optical Kerr effect. The nonlinear refractive index (n2) and third‐order optical susceptibility (χ(3)) are quantitatively estimated from the self‐diffraction patterns of FnGT NFs. The time evolution of the self‐diffraction patterns aligns with the “wind‐chime” model, and the deformation of rings is analyzed in terms of thermal effects. FnGT systems exhibit strong optical non‐linearity (χ(3) ∼ 10−8 esu), an order of magnitude higher than other metal dichalcogenides and 2D magnets. Furthermore, all‐optical logic gates have been realized using cross‐phase modulation. The FnGT family of 2D magnets, with their high curie temperature and robust higher‐order optical nonlinearities, are promising candidates for future magneto‐optical and optoelectronic device applications.
Mode‐dependent Far‐field Radiation of Circularly Polarized Light by a Single Plasmonic Nanohelix
Authors: Cui Yiou , Chen Yilin , Li Jing , Wang Shengyan , Zhang Ruiqian , Chen Zhongyi , Liu Huan , Cui Ximin , Shi Xihang , Xie Biye , Zhuo Xiaolu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChiral plasmonic nanoantennas exhibit unique chiroptical properties in both the near‐field and far‐field, offering exciting opportunities for applications in chiroptical sensing, circularly polarized luminescence, and quantum communication. Recent advances in chiral plasmonics have facilitated the creation of nanoparticles with intrinsic chirality at the single‐particle level. However, the far‐field directionality of these chiral nanoantennas is not well understood. In this work, A numerical study is conducted on a single plasmonic nanoantenna that undergoes a size‐preserving compression, transitioning from a straight nanorod to left‐ or right‐handed helices with varying pitches. These nanostructures showcase distinct mode‐dependent chiroptical far‐field properties, encompassing positive or negative dissymmetry factors, 3D power radiation patterns, and angular distribution of circular polarization, under both plane‐wave and point‐source excitations. The findings provide new insights into angle‐resolved spectroscopies of intrinsically chiral plasmonic nanoparticles and the applications of chiral plasmonic nanoantennas for controlling circularly polarized light emission in nanophotonics.
Photoinduced Metal‐Free Hydrocarboxylation of Allylamines
Authors: Kobus‐Bartoszewicz Dominika , Zalewski Mariusz , Melcer Krzysztof , Warda Mikołaj , Stecko Sebastian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHerein, we disclose a new photochemical process to prepare γ‐amino acids from allylamines and formic acid salts. The investigated redox‐neutral hydrocarboxylation process produces high yields across a wide range of functionalized allylamine substrates with excellent regioselectivity. The developed operationally simple protocol can be readily scaled with low photocatalyst loading (from 1% up to 0.02 mol%) without the need for any precautions to exclude air or moisture. The mechanistic working model utilizes a thiol‐catalyzed radical chain process, delivering the hydrogen atom and CO2 from formic acid salt across the alkene substrate through the carboxylate radical (CO2⋅−), a crucial reactive intermediate.
Amplifying and Reversing the Chiral Bias in Asymmetric Photo‐Polymerization Reaction
Authors: Liu Dingdong , Xu Xiangxiang , Feng Zeyu , Zhang Chutian , Li Jialei , Xie Yifan , Li Jingguo , Zhang Hongli , Zou Gang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCircularly polarized light (CPL) is inherently chiral and is regarded as one possible source for the origin of homochirality. Coincidentally, chiral metal nanoparticles have great prospects in asymmetric photochemical reactions since they can enhance the chiral light‐matter interactions. Nonetheless, little is known about how the spin angular momentum of light competes with the chiral electromagnetic field in the vicinity of a chiral nanoparticle during the chiral induction and amplification process. Here, an asymmetric photo‐polymerization system is presented where the chiral bias can be selectively regulated by the combination of chiral fields CPL and Ag nanoparticles, either constructively or destructively. Synergistic chiral amplification effect is observed when the handedness of both are matched, while the opposite‐handed CPL can overrule the polymer helicity during the chain propagation process when the chiral near‐field is weak. There is a bifurcation point in the chiral bias for the orthogonal control of the polymer helicity during the asymmetric photo‐polymerization process, favoring for programmable chiroptical micropatterns and multi‐channel independent information encoding. This work not only highlights opportunities for selectively regulating the asymmetric photopolymerization but also is highly valuable for fundamental understanding of the symmetry breaking in photochemical reactions.
Novel Guidelines of Redox Mediators for Practical Lithium–Oxygen Batteries: Characterization Mechanisms, Design Principle, and Engineering Strategies
Authors: Li Tianci , Liu Dongsheng , Gao Lu , Yu Dan , Liu Xia , Li Lei , Kang Weimin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn recent years, aprotic lithium–oxygen (Li–O2) batteries have received extensive academic attention for their ultrahigh capacity. However, their practical development faces the problems of low capacity, low rate, and short lifetime. Soluble catalysis with efficient redox mediators (RMs) is considered a feasible strategy owing to its good interfacial contact and flexible action. However, the mutual constraints of RMs charging/discharging catalysis, the erosion of anode by RMs shuttle effect leading to deactivation, and the decomposition of RMs or the initiation of side reactions have greatly limited the effectiveness of RMs in Li–O2 batteries. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize RMs and find traceable principles and directions. Based on this, this work systematically reviews the mechanism, effectiveness, and characterization of RMs in Li–O2 batteries. The design principles of novel RMs constructed by two research tendencies of kinetics and thermodynamics are pioneered, and the key roles of ionization energy and site‐resistive groups are especially pointed out. In addition, the current optimization design strategies for RMs are summarized. Specifically, the introduction of functional groups such as adsorption, conductivity, active sites, and the use of intermolecular forces for efficient RMs are highlighted, designed to provide direction for optimization and development of RMs.
Dense Crystalline‐Amorphous Nano‐Interfaces Derived from Local Reconstruction for Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Nie Jianhang , Shi Jinghui , Li Lei , Xie Meng‐Yuan , Ouyang Zhen‐Yang , Xian Ming‐Hua , Huang Gui‐Fang , Wan Hui , Hu Wangyu , Huang Wei‐Qing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe crystalline‐amorphous (c‐a) interface can provide abundant accessible active sites and high intrinsic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER); however, conventional methods only produce sparse c‐a interface between hetero‐phases. Here, a novel soluble dopant‐induced local self‐reconstruction strategy to yield dense c‐a nano‐interfaces is presented, as demonstrated by Mo doped‐NiP pre‐catalyst. During the cathodic polarization in alkaline electrolyte, the Mo dopant initially dissolves, generating abundant nano‐voids within the NiP nanosheets; and subsequently forms in situ ultrafine amorphous MoO3 nanoparticles, ranging from 2 to 4 nm in size, embedded in the crystalline NiP nanosheets. Compared with the conventional surface reconstruction that only generates sparse c‐a interface, the proposed “dopant‐dissolution‐redeposition”, occurred in the surface and inner local regions around dopants, can yield dense c‐a nano‐interface. Theoretical calculations reveal that the c‐a interface can efficiently modulate the electronic structure of interfacial sites and lower the HER overpotential. Benefiting from the dense c‐a nano‐interface, the amorphous/crystalline MoO3/Mo‐NiP exhibits outstanding HER performance, achieving current density of 10 mA cm−2 at ultra‐low overpotentials of 26 mV with long‐term stability in 1 M KOH. This work provides a basis for tuning the composition‐structure‐property relationships of materials from both surface and interior.
Potential of short‐duration millets as a post‐winter wheat crop in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Pudasaini Roshan , Raizada Manish N. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn northern latitudes, the diversity of the maize (Zea mays L.)–soybean (Glycine max L.) cropping system can be increased by including winter wheat as a rotation crop, providing long‐term benefits including improved nutrient availability, nutrient‐use efficiency, soil structure, and moisture holding. However, in Ontario, Canada, few farmers have adopted winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) due to low profitability. After the wheat harvest, there is a 3‐month window with warm days and moist soil, sufficient to grow a short‐duration crop. Some millet varieties are short duration. Millets are increasingly valued economically as “ancient grains” for humans, as a nutritious forage, and as effective cover crops due to their fibrous roots and dense foliage. Though millets offer similar long‐term benefits to wheat in a rotation, they cannot economically compete with maize or soybean as a summer season crop. We hypothesized that the economic constraints of winter wheat and millets could be overcome by double cropping, specifically by adding a low‐input, short‐duration millet after winter wheat is harvested. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of millets as a post‐winter wheat crop in Ontario. Three years of field trials (2020–2022) were conducted in Elora and Essex, Ontario, starting with 81 accessions of five millet crops. Selected accessions of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) produced up to 0.5 t/ha grain yield, whereas foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beav] and barnyard millet (Echinochloa spp.) at Elora, and fonio (Digitaria sp.) in Essex produced up to 0.9–1.6 t/ha dry shoot yield. However, planting date, initial soil moisture, weed management, and fall frost were observed to be critical for millet success.
Family support and dementia screening participation among older adults: Evidence from a South Korea fact‐finding survey on the status of older adults
Authors: Kim Jieun , Lee Hooyeon 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesSouth Korea is one of the most rapidly aging societies worldwide and the prevalence of dementia is expected to rise to 10.3% by 2025. Early diagnosis requires early access to support, information, and medication. Dementia screening is important for the success of dementia‐related healthcare programs. We investigated the rate of participation in dementia screening and the relationship with family support.MethodsWe used data from the 2020 “South Korea fact‐finding survey on status of older adults,” a cross‐sectional survey targeting adults aged ≥65 years. A total of 9558 respondents were analyzed. We used multivariable logistic regression to analyze the associations between sociodemographic characteristics, including family support, and dementia screening participation.ResultsA total of 62.2% participants received emotional support from their family, and 20.6% received physical support with cleaning, meal preparation, and laundry, general care, nursing, and traveling to the hospital. Of the respondents, 41.8% had participated in dementia screening during the previous 2 years. Older adults with emotional support (OR = 1.41, 95% CI, 1.28–1.54) and physical support (OR = 1.46, 95% CI, 1.31–1.62) were more likely to undergo dementia screening than those without such support. Age, annual household income, education, reason for working, drinking status, exercise, emotional support, and physical support were significantly associated with dementia screening in older adults.ConclusionsOlder adults with low emotional or physical support from family should be considered a vulnerable population with respect to non‐participation in dementia screening. Therefore, policies targeting these high‐risk groups are needed to increase the dementia screening rate.
Mayo Genetic Risk Models for Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treated With Venetoclax + Hypomethylating Agent
Authors: Gangat Naseema , Elbeih Azeem , Ghosoun Nour , McCullough Kristen , Aperna Fnu , Johnson Isla M. , Abdelmagid Maymona , Al‐Kali Aref , Alkhateeb Hassan B. , Begna Kebede H. , Elliott Michelle , Mangaonkar Abhishek , Matin Aasiya , Saliba Antoine N. , Hefazi Torghabeh Mehrdad , Litzow Mark R. , Hogan William , Shah Mithun , Patnaik Mrinal M. , Pardanani Animesh , Badar Talha , Murthy Hemant , Foran James , Palmer Jeanne , Sproat Lisa , Khera Nandita , Arana Yi Cecilia , Yates Samuel , Sneider Abigail , Dworkin Emily , Patel Anand A. , Bazinet Alexandre , Senapati Jayastu , Bataller Alex , DiNardo Courtney , Kadia Tapan , Tefferi Ayalew 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPatients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (ND‐AML) derive variable survival benefit from venetoclax + hypomethylating agent (Ven‐HMA) therapy. The primary objective in the current study was to develop genetic risk models that are predictive of survival and are applicable at the time of diagnosis and after establishing treatment response. Among 400 ND‐AML patients treated with Ven‐HMA at the Mayo Clinic, 247 (62%) achieved complete remission with (CR) or without (CRi) count recovery. Multivariable analysis–derived hazard ratios (HR), including 1.8 for European LeukemiaNet (ELN) adverse karyotype, 4.7 for KMT2Ar, 1.7 for TP53
MUT, 2.6 for KRAS MUT, and 2.1 for IDH2
WT were applied to develop an HR‐weighted risk model: low, intermediate, and high; respective median survival censored for allogeneic stem cell transplant (ASCT) (3‐year survival) were “not reached” (67%), 19.1 (33%), and 7.1 months (0%). In patients achieving CR/CRi, adverse karyotype, KMT2Ar, KRAS
MUT, IDH2
WT predicted inferior survival, allowing for a complementary response‐stratified risk model. The model was externally validated and was shown to be superior to the ELN 2024 risk model (AIC 179 vs. 195 and AUC 0.77 vs. 0.69). Survival was inferior with failure to achieve CR/CRi or not receiving ASCT; 3‐year survival for high‐risk with or without ASCT was 42% versus 0% (p < 0.01); intermediate 72% versus 43% (p = 0.06); and low‐risk 88% versus 78% (p = 0.53). The Mayo genetic risk models offer pre‐treatment and response‐based prognostic tools for ND‐AML treated with Ven‐HMA. The current study underscores the prognostically indispensable role of achieving CR/CRi and ASCT.
Post mortem validation and mechanistic study of UCB‐J in progressive supranuclear palsy patients’ brains
Authors: Scarpa Miriam , Vallera Elisavet , Ausellé‐Bosch Sira , Rocha Filipa M. , Mercan Buse Esra , Roy Avishek , Nordberg Agneta , Kumar Amit 
Published: December 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONProgressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a devastating 4R tauopathy affecting motor functions and is often misdiagnosed/underdiagnosed due to a lack of specific biomarkers. Synaptic loss is an eminent feature of tauopathies including PSP. Novel synaptic positron emission tomography tracer UCB‐J holds great potential for early diagnosis; however, there is a substantial knowledge gap in terms of the mechanism and the extent and nature of synaptic loss in PSP.METHODSHere, we report an in‐depth post mortem validation and mechanistic study of UCB‐J in PSP and control brains using radioligand/autoradiography binding studies, alongside biochemical correlation analyses of synaptic markers.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION3H‐UCB‐J targeted synaptic vesicle protein 2A protein with high specificity and demonstrated a distinct interrelation with synaptic markers in PSP patients’ brain regions. The loss of UCB‐J binding in the early and severely affected globus pallidus of PSP patients’ brains revealed deficits of glutamate/GABAergic synaptic terminals. Cortical and subcortical 4R tau load differentially impacted synaptic marker profiles across PSP patients, warranting further investigation.Highlights
UCB‐J targeted synaptic vesicle protein 2A with high specificity in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) brains and demonstrated a conserved single nM binding site across different brain regions.
UCB‐J depicted prominent synaptic loss at the synaptosome levels and revealed deficits of glutamate/GABAergic synaptic terminals in the early affected globus pallidus of PSP brains as compared to the control.
Cortical and subcortical 4R tau load distinctly influenced synaptic markers profile across PSP patients and highlighted that presynaptic “ubiquitous” markers individually might not be able to represent the complete state of synaptic deficits/loss in PSP brains.
Highly Oriented and Ordered Co‐Assembly Monolayers for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Chang Yilin , Liu Le , Qi Lu , Du Jiajia , Du Qinglin , Yu Zhibin , Ma Zhiwei , Jiu Tonggang , Li Yuliang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPerovskite solar cells with inverted architecture have remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) and operating stability based on self‐assembled molecules (SAMs) hole transport layer. Homogeneous distribution and covalent binding mode of SAM monolayers are critical to improving interfacial property and reducing interfacial losses, which can be achieved through molecular design and co‐assembly strategy. Here, we propose co‐assembly strategy with SAM by employing a novel 2D π‐conjugated structure graphdiyne derivative (PAG) with phosphoric acid groups. Through the π‐π interaction and hydrogen bonding between PAG and SAM, the enhanced tridentate anchoring and highly ordered molecular orientation perpendicular to the substrate are successfully achieved. The improvement of interfacial characteristics further optimizes the crystalline quality and buried interface properties of perovskite films, allowing us to achieve a remarkable PCE of 26.10 % under standard illumination.
Chiral Metal‐Free Anti‐Perovskite with Strong Chiroptical Nonlinearity
Authors: Wang Zhaoyu , Qiu Xin , Wang Hebin , Zhao Wenkai , Gull Sehrish , Lu Haolin , Hao Zechen , Sun Bing , Zeng Xin , Liu Xinfeng , Zhang Hao‐Li , Chen Yongsheng , He Tingchao , Long Guankui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe nonlinear chiroptical properties of chiral metal halide perovskite has attracted substantial attention in recent years. In order to overcome the inherent limitations of metal halide, such as high costs, potential toxicity, challenges with recycling, especially the limited laser‐induced damage threshold (LDT), we have successfully constructed the first chiral metal‐free anti‐perovskite, with the aim of utilizing it in second harmonic generation‐circular dichroism (SHG‐CD). Moreover, the anti‐perovskite composed entirely of small organic ions typically display a more extensive transparent window, which could contribute a high LDT. Herein two chiral metal‐free anti‐perovskites, R/S‐MCN [(R/S‐MBA)6Cl(NH4Cl6)] were constructed, and exhibit strong second‐harmonic generation response from 800 to 980 nm. The second‐order nonlinear optical coefficient of the chiral metal‐free anti‐perovskite reaches 0.89 pm/V, which is higher than that of commercial Y‐cut quartz. Most importantly, both R‐ and S‐MCN exhibit a large nonlinear optical activity with a high SHG dissymmetry factor (gSHG‐CD) of 0.60 and a high laser‐induced damage threshold of 71 mJ/cm2, which is higher than that of most reported chiral perovskites. Our findings indicate that chiral metal‐free anti‐perovskite have the potential to be a valuable addition to the development of next‐generation nonlinear chiroptical devices.