bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The implementation and initial evaluation of a physical therapy program for captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Authors: Neal Webb Sarah J. , Bridges Jennifer P. , Thiele Erica , Lambeth Susan P. , Schapiro Steven J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDue to advances in captive nonhuman primate (NHP) medical care, the number of geriatric chimpanzees (≥35‐years old) is growing. With old age comes a variety of physical conditions, including arthritis, stroke, and mobility impairments. Programs aimed at enhancing the welfare of geriatric chimpanzees are now quite common, but there are few published empirical evaluations of the efficacy of such programs. The current study aimed to create, implement, and evaluate the effects of participation in a physical therapy (PT) program on physical health, mobility, welfare, and behavior. Nine chimpanzees with mobility impairments participated in personalized PT routines (using positive reinforcement training) twice per week for 5 months. Additionally, nine control chimpanzees (non‐mobility‐impaired, matched with PT chimpanzees on age and gender) participated in body exam behavior sessions (also using positive reinforcement training) twice per week. All chimpanzees were rated on 14 health, well‐being, and behavior items, as well as level of mobility throughout the PT program. Chimpanzees that participated in the PT program showed significant increases in ratings of physical health, well‐being, and activity levels across phases of the program. Furthermore, compared to control chimpanzees, PT chimpanzees showed significant increases in ratings of ease of movement. Because raters were not blind to physical therapy treatment, our results represent an initial evaluation of the program that may suggest that participation in the PT program has physical, behavioral, and welfare benefits. Assessments of novel geriatric‐focused care strategies and programs are essential to further enhance the welfare of the captive chimpanzee population, which is currently comprised of many geriatric animals, whose proportion of the captive population will only increase.
Deciphering Iron‐Dependent Activity in Oxygen Evolution Catalyzed by Nickel–Iron Layered Double Hydroxide
Authors: Lee Seunghwa , Bai Lichen , Hu Xile 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNickel iron oxyhydroxide is the benchmark catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline medium. Whereas the presence of Fe ions is essential to the high activity, the functions of Fe are currently under debate. Using oxygen isotope labeling and operando Raman spectroscopic experiments, we obtain turnover frequencies (TOFs) of both Ni and Fe sites for a series of Ni and NiFe layered double hydroxides (LDHs), which are structurally defined samples of the corresponding oxyhydroxides. The Fe sites have TOFs 20–200 times higher than the Ni sites such that at an Fe content of 4.7 % and above the Fe sites dominate the catalysis. Higher Fe contents lead to larger structural disorder of the NiOOH host. A volcano‐type correlation was found between the TOFs of Fe sites and the structural disorder of NiOOH. Our work elucidates the origin of the Fe‐dependent activity of NiFe LDH, and suggests structural ordering as a strategy to improve OER catalysts.
Application of silver nanoparticles containing Gundelia tournefortii L. leaf aqueous extract in the treatment of microbial diseases and cutaneous wound healing
Authors: Han Shasha , Ahmeda Ahmad , Jalalvand Ali R. , Lu Wenjing , Zangeneh Mohammad Mahdi , Zangeneh Akram 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDuring the past few years, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become some of the most investigated and explored nanotechnology‐derived nanostructures, given the fact that nanosilver‐based materials have interesting, challenging, and promising characteristics suitable for various biomedical applications. AgNPs have excellent medical and nonmedical effects and applications compared with other metallic nanoparticles. As regards modern biomedical applications of AgNPs, tremendous interest is oriented toward therapeutically enhanced personalized healthcare practice. AgNPs have genuine features and impressive potential for the development of novel performance‐enhanced therapeutic alternatives, complex healthcare condition strategies, tissue restoration and regeneration materials, biomaterial and medical device coatings, detection and diagnosis platforms, drug‐delivery formulations, and antimicrobial agents. In this study, fresh leaves of Gundelia tournefortii L. were used for the synthesis of AgNPs. Also, we assessed the cytotoxic, antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, and cutaneous wound healing properties of AgNO3, G. tournefortii, and the synthesized nanoparticles (AgNPs@GT). These nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques. In X‐ray diffraction analysis, 16.7 nm was measured for the crystal size of the nanoparticles. Also, scanning and transmission electron microscopy images revealed an average diameter of 16.5 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic results indicated that antioxidant compounds in the plant were the sources of reducing power, reducing silver ions to AgNPs@GT. In vitro biological experiments indicated that AgNPs@GT has excellent antioxidant potential against DPPH, antifungal effects against Candida krusei, C. guilliermondii, C. glabrata, and C. albicans, and antibacterial activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Bacillus subtilis. Also, these nanoparticles showed no cytotoxic effect against human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In vivo biological tests revealed that AgNPs@GT ointment significantly (p ≤ 0.01) increased the levels of wound contracture, blood vessels, hydroxyproline, hexuronic acid, hexosamine, fibrocytes, fibroblasts, and fibrocyte‐to‐fibroblast ratio and significantly (p ≤ 0.01) decreased the levels of wound area, total cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in rats. These results indicate that the inclusion of G. tournefortii extract ameliorates the solubility of AgNPs, which led to a marked enhancement in fungicidal, bactericidal, and cutaneous wound healing effects under in vitro and in vivo conditions.
Effect of different forms of nano‐ZnO on the properties of PVDF/ZnO hybrid membranes
Authors: Wang Wei , Sun Hanshu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this article, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/ZnO hybrid membranes with different forms of nano‐ZnO as additives were prepared by thermally induced phase separation. The effects of the morphology of ZnO particles on the microstructure and properties of hybrid membranes were systematically investigated. Three different forms of nano‐ZnO were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Then a series of tests were made through XRD, Fourier transform infrared, differential scanning calorimeter, SEM, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, mechanical strength testing, porosity measurement, water contact angle measurement, pure water flux measurement, rejection measurement, flux recovery rate (FRR) measurement, and photocatalytic degradation testing to characterize the hybrid membrane. The results show that the hybrid membranes which were doped with different forms of ZnO have different structures and properties. Porous ZnO has the best modification effect on PVDF membranes. The PVDF/porous ZnO hybrid membranes' water flux and OVA rejection can reach 1.6 and 1.3 times of pure PVDF membrane, respectively, and its FRR can reach about 95%. The hybrid membrane doped with porous ZnO has excellent self‐cleaning performance, and its degradation rate of MB can reach about 51%.
Minimally invasive oesophagectomy with extended lymph node dissection and thoracic duct resection for early-stage oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Matsuda S , Kawakubo H , Takeuchi H , Hayashi M , Mayanagi S , Takemura R , Irino T , Fukuda K , Nakamura R , Wada N , Kitagawa Y 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma is an aggressive disease owing to early and widespread lymph node metastases. Multimodal therapy and radical surgery may improve prognosis. Few studies have investigated the efficacy of radical lymph node and thoracic duct resection.

Methods
Patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent transthoracic minimally invasive oesophagectomy (TMIE) for cancer at Keio University Hospital between January 2004 and December 2016 were selected. Between 2004 and 2008, TMIE was performed in the lateral decubitus position without thoracic duct resection (standard TMIE). From 2009 onwards, TMIE with extended lymph node and thoracic duct resection was introduced (extended TMIE). Demographics, co-morbidity, number of retrieved lymph nodes, pathology, postoperative complications and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were compared between groups.

Results
Forty-four patients underwent standard TMIE and 191 extended TMIE. There were no significant differences in clinical and pathological tumour stage or postoperative complications. The extended-TMIE group had more lymph nodes removed at nodal stations 106recL and 112. Among patients with cT1 N0 disease, RFS was better in the extended-TMIE group (P &lt; 0·001), whereas there was no difference in RFS between groups in patients with advanced disease.

Conclusion
Extended TMIE including thoracic duct resection increased the number of lymph nodes retrieved and was associated with improved survival in patients with cT1 N0 oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Cardiovascular reactivity to acute stress associated with sickness absence among Japanese men and women: A prospective study
Authors: Hirokawa Kumi , Ohira Tetsuya , Kajiura Mitsugu , Imano Hironori , Kitamura Akihiko , Kiyama Masahiko , Okada Takeo , Iso Hiroyasu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to investigate associations between cardiovascular reactivity to acute stress and sickness absence among Japanese male and female workers, in a prospective study.MethodsAmong healthy employed Japanese workers who underwent mental health checks between 2006 and 2009, data of 111 participants were analyzed. Changes in blood pressure, pulse rate, peripheral blood flow (PBF), and heart rate variability (HRV) (high frequency [HF] and low frequency [LF]) were calculated using differences between the two tasks, mirror drawing stress [MDS] and a maze task, and the postperiod value. Sickness absence through March 2010 was followed up by mail survey (average follow‐up 2.3 years). Logistic regression analysis was used, adjusting for lifestyle factors.ResultsAmong 12 participants who took sickness absences, eight were owing to mental problems. Changes in the LF during the MDS and maze tasks and LF‐to‐HF ratio during the MDS task were positively associated with all sickness absences (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.09, 1.03–4.22; 2.04, 1.09–3.82; and 3.10, 1.46–6.58, respectively). Changes in PBF during the MDS task were also associated with increased risk of sickness absence (OR, 95% CI: 2.53, 1.10–5.81).ConclusionCardiovascular reactivity to acute stress should be considered at workers' health checks.
Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition may be involved in the immune evasion of circulating gastric tumor cells via downregulation of ULBP1
Authors: Hu Baoguang , Tian Xiaokun , Li Yanbin , Liu Yangchun , Yang Tao , Han Zhaodong , An Jiajia , Kong Lingqun , Li Yuming 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing numbers of studies have demonstrated that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) undergo a phenotypic change termed epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), and researchers have proposed that EMT might provide CTCs with increased potential to survive in the different microenvironments encountered during metastasis through various ways, such as by increasing cell survival and early colonization. However, the exact role of EMT in CTCs remains unclear.MethodsIn this study, we identified CTCs of 41 patients with gastric cancer using Cyttel‐CTC and im‐FISH (immune‐fluorescence in situ hybridization) methods, and tested the expression of EMT markers and ULBP1 (a major member of the NKG2D—natural killer [NK] group 2 member D—ligand family) on CTCs. Moreover, we investigated the relationship between the expression of EMT markers and ULBP1 on CTCs and gastric cancer cell lines.ResultsOur results showed that the CTCs of gastric cancer patients exhibited three EMT marker subtypes, and that the expression of ULBP1 was significantly lower on mesenchymal phenotypic CTCs (M+CTCs) than on epithelial phenotypic CTCs (E+CTCs). EMT induced by TGF‐β in vitro produced a similar phenomenon, and we therefore proposed that EMT might be involved in the immune evasion of CTCs from NK cells by altering the expression of ULBP1.ConclusionsOur study indicated that EMT might play a vital role in the immune invasion of CTCs by regulating the expression of ULBP1 on CTCs. These findings could provide potential strategies for targeting the immune evasion capacity of CTCs.
Upregulated CXCL14 is associated with poor survival outcomes and promotes ovarian cancer cells proliferation
Authors: Li Xue , Zhao Longjun , Meng Tengteng 
Published: February 2020

Ovarian cancer is one of the common malignant tumours of female reproductive organs. Due to early diagnosis difficulties and lack of effective treatment in the late stage, ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate in female reproductive system malignancies. Therefore, finding reliable early diagnosis indicators and new therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer is an urgent problem to be solved. Chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 14 (CXCL14) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family, which has been found to possess multi‐effects in tumourigenesis and development. Here, we reported that CXCL14 was preferentially expressed in ovarian cancer. By analysing the TCGA database, we found that CXCL14 was highly expressed in advanced ovarian cancer patients and correlated with poor prognosis. In addition, the abnormal high CXCL14 levels were observed in serum and ovarian tissue of ovarian cancer patients by qRT‐PCR and ELISA. In vitro and in vivo experiments both confirmed that overexpression of CXCL14 promoted the ovarian cancer cell proliferation. Moreover, transfection of CXCL14 increased the phosphorylation level of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and administration of STAT3 inhibitor III inhibited the tumour‐promoting effects of CXCL14. Therefore, our study suggests that CXCL14 could be utilised as a novel adjunct biomarker for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer and provides new targets and ideas for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer.Significance paragraphCXCL14 could be utilised as a novel adjunct biomarker for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer and provides new targets and ideas for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer.
Long‐term serial functional evaluation after implantation of the Fantom sirolimus‐eluting bioresorbable coronary scaffold
Authors: Saito Yuichi , Cristea Ecaterina , Bouras Georgios , Abizaid Alexandre , Lutz Matthias , Carrié Didier , Weber‐Albers Joachim , Dudek Darius , Anderson Jeffrey , Lansky Alexandra ,   the FANTOM II Clinical Investigators
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundQuantitative flow ratio (QFR) has been validated as an accurate surrogate of standard wire‐based fractional flow reserve. The clinical and angiographic outcomes of the Fantom sirolimus‐eluting bioresorbable coronary scaffold (BRS) have been previously studied and reported. We investigate the functional performance of the Fantom BRS.MethodsThe FANTOM II trial prospectively enrolled 240 patients with stable coronary artery disease or unstable angina, of which 235 patients received the Fantom BRS and were included in the present analysis. We performed an independent serial QFR analysis of the target vessel at baseline, post‐percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and at 6‐ or 9‐month and 24‐month follow‐up, using a QFR threshold ≤0.80 to define functional ischemia.ResultsQFR was analyzable in 178 patients at baseline, 185 post‐PCI, 178 at 6‐ or 9‐month follow‐up, and 30 at 24‐month follow‐up. At baseline, 119 patients (66.9%) had a QFR ≤0.80, whereas 12 (6.5%) post‐PCI, 13 (7.3%) at 6‐ or 9‐month follow‐up, and 3 (10.0%) at 24‐month follow‐up had a QFR ≤0.80. QFR improved from baseline to post‐PCI, and decreased from post‐PCI up to 24‐month follow‐up. During follow‐up period, 28 patients (11.9%) had target vessel revascularization, of which 21 had analyzable QFR and 16 patients (76.1%) had QFR ≤0.80 at the time of revascularization.ConclusionsOff‐line serial QFR assessment demonstrated that around 30% patients did not have functionally significant lesions at baseline and the time with target vessel revascularization. PCI with the Fantom BRS improved functional ischemia with a slight decrease in QFR values over 24 months.
High‐Performance Gel Polymer Electrolyte Based on Chitosan–Lignocellulose for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Han Jia‐Yue , Huang Yun , Chen Yao , Song A‐Min , Deng Xiao‐Hua , Liu Bo , Li Xing , Wang Ming‐Shan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA new gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) based on chitosan‐lignocellulose composites with a smooth and porous structure for applications in lithium‐ion batteries was prepared. The obtained GPE matrix and GPE show excellent comprehensive performances. The GPE matrix based on the composite containing 15 % chitosan (denoted CSLC‐15) had the best performance, with liquid electrolyte uptake of up to 749.1 wt %. The ionic conductivity for corresponding GPE is 2.89 mS cm−1 at room temperature, and the lithium ion transference number is 0.90. The GPE proved promising for use in lithium‐ion batteries, offering a large electrochemical window (4.8 V) and excellent interfacial compatibility (a stable impedance value of 227.97 Ω after 30 days). Moreover, the GPE shows excellent thermal and mechanical properties, and high C‐rates capability (163.13 mAh g−1, 152.53 mAh g−1, 144.27 mAh g−1, 128.45 mAh g−1, 156.12 mAh g−1, at 0.2 C, 0.5 C, 1.0 C, 2.0 C, 0.2 C, respectively) and cycle performance (161.99 mAh g−1 at the 99th cycle of 0.2 C), which proved its suitability of use in lithium‐ion batteries.
Lithium–Lanthanide Bimetallic Metal–Organic Frameworks towards Negative Electrode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Song Xiao‐Yi , Zhang Yu‐Hang , Sun Ping‐Ping , Gao Jun , Shi Fa‐Nian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNovel lithium–lanthanide (Ln: cerium and praseodymium) bimetallic coordination polymers with formulas C10H2LnLiO8 (Ln: Ce (CeLipma) and Pr (PrLipma)) and C10H3CeO8 (Cepma) were prepared through a simple hydrothermal method. The three compounds were characterized by means of FTIR spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, SEM, TEM, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results of structural refinement show that they belong to triclinic symmetry and P
space group with cerium (or praseodymium) and lithium cations, forming coordination bonds to oxygen atoms from different pyromellitic acid molecules, and leading to the construction of 3D structures. It is interesting to note that the frameworks exclude any coordination water and lattice water. As an electrode material for lithium‐ion batteries, CeLipma exhibits a maximum capacity of 800.5 mAh g−1 and a retention of 91.4 % after 50 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g−1. The favorable electrochemical properties of the lanthanide coordination polymers show potential application prospects in the field of electrode materials.
Catalytic Platinum Nanoparticles Decorated with Subnanometer Molybdenum Clusters for Biomass Processing
Authors: Zheng Yiteng , Tang Ziyu , Podkolzin Simon G. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe development of improved technologies for biomass processing into transportation fuels and industrial chemicals is hindered due to a lack of efficient catalysts for selective oxygen removal. Here we report that platinum nanoparticles decorated with subnanometer molybdenum clusters can efficiently catalyze hydrodeoxygenation of acetic acid, which serves as a model biomass compound. In contrast with monometallic Mo catalysts that are inactive and monometallic Pt catalysts that have low activities and selectivities, bimetallic Pt–Mo catalysts exhibit synergistic effects with high activities and selectivities. The maximum activity occurs at a Pt to Mo molar ratio of three. Although Mo atoms themselves are catalytically inactive, they serve as preferential binding anchors for oxygen atoms while a catalytic transformation proceeds on neighboring surface Pt atoms. Beyond biomass processing, Pt–Mo nanoparticles are promising catalysts for a wide variety of reactions that require a transformation of molecules with an oxygen atom and, more broadly, in other fields of science and technology that require tuning of surface–oxygen interactions.
Docking Site Modulation of Isostructural Covalent Organic Frameworks for CO2 Fixation
Authors: Yang Fan , Li Yusen , Zhang Ting , Zhao Ziqiang , Xing Guolong , Chen Long 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThree isostructural covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with either methoxyl, hydroxyl, or both groups on the channel wall, are synthesized and served as metal‐free heterogeneous catalysts for chemical fixation of CO2. Among them, the COF decorated with both hydroxyl and methoxyl groups named OMe‐OH‐TPBP‐COF exhibits the highest catalytic activity and efficiency for CO2 cycloaddition under mild conditions.
Simple Synthetic Routes to N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Gold(I)–Aryl Complexes: Expanded Scope and Reactivity
Authors: Tzouras Nikolaos V. , Saab Marina , Janssens Wim , Cauwenbergh Thibault , Van Hecke Kristof , Nahra Fady , Nolan Steven P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe discovery of sustainable and scalable synthetic protocols leading to gold–aryl compounds bearing N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands sparked an investigation of their reactivity and potential utility as organometallic synthons. The use of a mild base and green solvents provide access to these compounds, starting from widely available boronic acids and various [Au(NHC)Cl] complexes, with reactions taking place under air, at room temperature and leading to high yields with unprecedented ease. One compound, (N,N′‐bis[2,6‐(di‐isopropyl)phenyl]imidazol‐2‐ylidene)(4‐methoxyphenyl)gold, ([Au(IPr)(4‐MeOC6H4)]), was synthesized on a multigram scale and used to gauge the reactivity of this class of compounds towards C−H/N−H bonds and with various acids, revealing simple pathways to gold–based species that possess attractive properties as materials, reagents and/or catalysts.
Scale‐up of Microfiltration Processes
Authors: Haindl Susanne , Stark Julia , Dippel Jannik , Handt Sebastian , Reiche Annette 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA flow rate and resistance‐based approach for upscaling of microfiltration processes from lab scale to process scale is presented, in correlation with biopharmaceutical processes. Basic element is the modeling of filtration curves using a resistance‐in‐series model based on the Darcy equation. The influences of the filtration setup and the fouling layer are described as additional resistances that change in course of filtration. The necessary parameters, such as setup resistances and filtration areas, are determined by water flow rate measurements. The model is validated by filtration of a particulate test solution. The presented approach can be used for constant flow and constant pressure driven filtration processes.