bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence-driven policy-making using heterogeneous data sources—The case of a controlled parking system in Thessaloniki
Authors: Papazoglou Chalikias Anastasios , Tsampoulatidis Ioannis , Tsalakanidou Filareti , Nikolopoulos Spiros , Kompatsiaris Ioannis , Komninos Nicos , Doudouliakis Konstantinos , Papastergios Georgios , Papafilis Petros , Karkaletsi Sophia , Chatzis Charalampos 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPolicy-making in local public administrations is still largely based on intuition rather than being backed up by data and evidence. The goal of this work is to introduce the methodology and software tools for contributing toward transforming the existing intuition-based paradigm of policy-making into an evidence-driven approach enabled by heterogeneous sources of data already available in the city. More specifically, methods for data collection, efficient data storage, and data analysis are implemented to measure the economic activity, assess the environmental impact and evaluate the social consequences of certain policy decisions. Subsequently, the extracted pieces of evidence are used to inform, advise, monitor, evaluate, and revise the decisions made by policy planners. Our contribution in this work is on outlining and deploying an easily extendable system architecture to harmonize and analyze heterogeneous data sources in ways that are found to be useful for policy-makers. For evaluating this architecture, we examine the case of a controlled parking system in the city of Thessaloniki and try to optimize its operation by balancing effectively between economic growth, environmental protection, and citizen satisfaction.
Unstable pressure and u-equilibrium states for partially hyperbolic diffeomorphisms
Authors: HU HUYI , WU WEISHENG , ZHU YUJUN 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUnstable pressure and u-equilibrium states are introduced and investigated for a partially hyperbolic diffeomorphism f. We define the unstable pressure

$P^{u}(f, \varphi )$
of f at a continuous function

$\varphi $
via the dynamics of f on local unstable leaves. A variational principle for unstable pressure

$P^{u}(f, \varphi )$
, which states that

$P^{u}(f, \varphi )$
is the supremum of the sum of the unstable entropy and the integral of

$\varphi $
taken over all invariant measures, is obtained. U-equilibrium states at which the supremum in the variational principle attains and their relation to Gibbs u-states are studied. Differentiability properties of unstable pressure, such as tangent functionals, Gateaux differentiability and Fréchet differentiability and their relations to u-equilibrium states, are also considered.
Vanishing of cohomology and parameter rigidity of actions of solvable Lie groups, II
Authors: MARUHASHI HIROKAZU 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLet

$M\stackrel {\rho _0}{\curvearrowleft }S$
be a

$C^\infty $
locally free action of a connected simply connected solvable Lie group S on a closed manifold M. Roughly speaking,

$\rho _0$
is parameter rigid if any

$C^\infty $
locally free action of S on M having the same orbits as

$\rho _0$
is

$C^\infty $
conjugate to

$\rho _0$
. In this paper we prove two types of result on parameter rigidity.First let G be a connected semisimple Lie group with finite center of real rank at least

$2$
without compact factors nor simple factors locally isomorphic to

$\mathop {\mathrm {SO}}\nolimits _0(n,1)(n\,{\geq}\, 2)$
or

$\mathop {\mathrm {SU}}\nolimits (n,1)(n\geq 2)$
, and let

$\Gamma $
be an irreducible cocompact lattice in G. Let

$G=KAN$
be an Iwasawa decomposition. We prove that the action

$\Gamma \backslash G\curvearrowleft AN$
by right multiplication is parameter rigid. One of the three main ingredients of the proof is the rigidity theorems of Pansu, and Kleiner and Leeb on the quasi-isometries of Riemannian symmetric spaces of non-compact type.Secondly we show that if

$M\stackrel {\rho _0}{\curvearrowleft }S$
is parameter rigid, then the zeroth and first cohomology of the orbit foliation of

$\rho _0$
with certain coefficients must vanish. This is a partial converse to the results in the author’s [Vanishing of cohomology and parameter rigidity of actions of solvable Lie groups. Geom. Topol. 21(1) (2017), 157–191], where we saw sufficient conditions for parameter rigidity in terms of vanishing of the first cohomology with various coefficients.
Evolutionary significance of the blastozoanEumorphocystisand its pseudo-arms
Authors: Guensburg Thomas E. , Sprinkle James , Mooi Rich , Lefebvre Bertrand 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTwelve specimens ofEumorphocystisBranson and Peck, 1940 provide the basis for new findings and a more informed assessment of whether this blastozoan (a group including eocrinoids, blastoids, diploporites, rhombiferans) constitutes the sister taxon to crinoids, as has been recently proposed. BothEumorphocystisand earliest-known crinoid feeding appendages express longitudinal canals, a demonstrable trait exclusive to these taxa. However, the specimen series studied here shows thatEumorphocystiscanals constrict proximally and travel within ambulacrals above the thecal cavity. This relationship is congruent with a documented blastozoan pattern but very unlike earliest crinoid topology. Earliest crinoid arm cavities lie fully beneath floor plates; these expand and merge directly with the main thecal coelomic cavity at thecal shoulders. Other associated anatomical features echo this contrasting comparison. Feeding appendages ofEumorphocystislack two-tiered cover plates, podial basins/pores, and lateral arm plating, all features of earliest crinoid ‘true arms.’Eumorphocystisfeeding appendages are buttressed by solid block-like plates added during ontogeny at a generative zone below floor plates, a pattern with no known parallel among crinoids.Eumorphocystisfeeding appendages express brachioles, erect extensions of floor plates, also unknown among crinoids. These several distinctions point to nonhomology of most feeding appendage anatomy, including longitudinal canals, removingEumorphocystisand other blastozoans from exclusive relationship with crinoids.Eumorphocystisfurther differs from crinoids in that thecal plates express diplopores, respiratory structures not present among crinoids, but ubiquitous among certain groups of blastozoans. Phylogenetic analysis placesEumorphocystisas a crownward blastozoan, far removed from crinoids.
Disgust and disgust-driven moral concerns predict support for restrictions on transgender bathroom access
Authors: Vanaman Matthew E. , A. Chapman Hanah 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMany U.S. states have proposed policies that restrict bathroom access to an individual’s birth sex. These policies have had widespread effects on safety for transgender and gender-nonconforming people, as well as on state economies. In this registered report, we assessed the role of disgust in support for policies that restrict transgender bathroom access. We found that sensitivity to pathogen disgust was positively associated with support for bathroom restrictions; sexual and injury disgust were unrelated. We also examined the role of disgust-driven moral concerns, known as purity concerns, as well as harm-related moral concerns in support for bathroom restrictions. While concerns about harm to cisgender and transgender people predicted support for bathroom restrictions, purity was a much stronger predictor. Also, purity partially mediated the link between pathogen disgust and support for bathroom restrictions, even after accounting for harm concerns. Findings and implications are discussed.
NEW BAYESIAN RADIOCARBON MODELS AND CERAMIC CHRONOLOGIES FOR EARLY BRONZE IV TELL ABU EN-NI‘AJ AND MIDDLE BRONZE AGE TELL EL-HAYYAT, JORDAN
Authors: Fall Patricia L , Falconer Steven E , Höflmayer Felix 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTWe present two new Bayesian14C models using IntCal20 that incorporate 17 new calibrated AMS ages for Early Bronze IV Tell Abu en-Ni‘aj and Middle Bronze Age Tell el-Hayyat, located in the northern Jordan Valley, Jordan. These freshly augmented suites of carbonized seed dates now include 25 AMS dates from Tell Abu en-Ni‘aj and 31 AMS dates from Tell el-Hayyat. The modeled founding date for Tell Abu en-Ni‘aj strengthens an emerging high chronology for Early Bronze IV starting by 2500 cal BC, while the end of its habitation by 2200 cal BC may exemplify a regional pattern of increasingly pervasive abandonment among late Early Bronze IV settlements in the Southern Levant. In turn, our modeled date for the Early Bronze IV/Middle Bronze Age transition at Tell el-Hayyat around 1900 cal BC pushes this interface about a century later than surmised traditionally, and its abandonment in Middle Bronze III marks an unexpectedly early end date before 1600 cal BC. These inferences, which coordinate Bayesian AMS models and typological ceramic sequences for Tell Abu en-Ni‘aj and Tell el-Hayyat, contribute to an ongoing revision of Early and Middle Bronze Age Levantine chronologies and uncoupling of their attendant interpretive links between the Southern Levant and Egypt.
‘Human ATMs’: M-Pesa and the expropriation of affective work in Safaricom's Kenya
Authors: Park Emma 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article explores the austere labour regime of Safaricom – Kenya's largest telecommunications firm and financial services provider – from the perspective of the women and men who work as ‘human ATMs’ for Safaricom's breakout service, M-Pesa. Far from women and men simply acting as ATMs, I argue that the affective and social labour of these people working at sites across the country constitutes a form of maintenance work that, while essentially free in Safaricom's accounts, critically underwrites the success of M-Pesa and Safaricom. In making this argument, I draw on the insights of feminist political theorist Nancy Fraser, who has pushed Marx's key insight that behind the sphere of exchange lies the ‘hidden abode’ of production. In contrast, Fraser argues that behind the ‘hidden abode’ of production lie domains more hidden still that constitute the ‘backstory’ of contemporary forms of accumulation. I argue that the work of ‘human ATMs’ constitutes both the ‘front story’ and the ‘backstory’ of contemporary modes of accumulation unfolding in Kenya. Their labour is formally exploited while broader forms of work required to build and maintain the social and material networks on which Safaricom depends are expropriated, forming the basis of new frontiers of accumulation. This process is mirrored in Safaricom's contemporary business strategy, which is premised on enclosing people's everyday habits and social networks in their digital forms as sites of innovation and market-making.
Following the infection dynamics of the tropical trematodeOligogonotylus mayaein its intermediate and definitive hosts for 13 years
Authors: May-Tec A.L. , Herrera-Castillo N.A. , Vidal-Martínez V.M. , Aguirre-Macedo M.L. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe present a time series of 13 years (2003–2016) of continuous monthly data on the prevalence and mean abundance of the trematodeOligogonotylus mayaefor all the hosts involved in its life cycle. We aimed to determine whether annual (or longer than annual) environmental fluctuations affect these infection parameters ofO. mayaein its intermediate snail hostPyrgophorus coronatus, and its second and definitive fish hostMayaheros urophthalmusfrom the Celestun tropical coastal lagoon, Yucatan, Mexico. Fourier time series analysis was used to identify infection peaks over time, and cross-correlation among environmental forcings and infection parameters. Our results suggest that the transmission ofO. mayaein all its hosts was influenced by the annual patterns of temperature, salinity and rainfall. However, there was a biannual accumulation of metacercarial stages ofO. mayaeinM. urophthalmus, apparently associated with the temporal range of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (five years) and the recovery of the trematode population after a devasting hurricane. TakingO. mayaeas an example of what could be happening to other trematodes, it is becoming clear that environmental forcings acting at long-term temporal scales affect the population dynamics of these parasites.
A new species ofRhabdias(Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae), a lung parasite ofPseudopaludicola pocoto(Anura: Leptodactylidae) from north-eastern Brazil: description and phylogenetic analyses
Authors: Morais D.H. , Müller M.I. , Melo F.T.V. , Aguiar A. , Willkens Y. , de Sousa Silva C. , Giese E.G. , Ávila R.W. , da Silva Reinaldo José 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRhabdias pocoton. sp. is herein described from the lungs of the swamp frogPseudopaludicola pocotoMagalhães, Loebmann, Nogueira, Kokubum, Baptista, Haddad & Garda, 2014, from the Caatinga biome in the state of Ceará, in north-eastern Brazil. The new species is characterized by a body that dilates posteriorly, six small lips (protuberances) and two rounded lateral expansions of cuticular inflation on the anterior end, each containing an amorphous gland-like structure inside and a short and conical tail. Additionally, molecular analysis and comparison of the partial mitochondrial cytochromecoxidase I sequence ofR.pocoton. sp. revealed genetic divergence between the new species and the sequences ofRhabdiasspp. previously deposited in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the new taxon into theR. pseudosphaerocephalaspecies complex +R. glaurungiclade. The new discovery represents the 19th species ofRhabdiasspp. described in the Neotropical region, the ninth in Brazil and the first species ofRhabdiasfound parasitizing South American frogs of the genusPseudopaludicola, as well as the first Caatinga biome species ofRhabdias.
A multi-centre analysis of a decade of endoscopic pharyngeal pouch surgery in Cheshire and Merseyside
Authors: Hampton T , Allan J , Pearson D , Emerson H , Jones G H , Junaid M , Kanzara T , Lau A S , Siau R , Williams S P , Wilkie M D 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are sparse data on the outcomes of endoscopic stapling of pharyngeal pouches. The Mersey ENT Trainee Collaborative compared regional practice against published benchmarks.MethodsA 10-year retrospective analysis of endoscopic pharyngeal pouch surgery was conducted and practice was assessed against eight standards. Comparisons were made between results from the tertiary centre and other sites.ResultsA total of 225 procedures were performed (range of 1.2–9.2 cases per centre per year). All centres achieved 90 per cent resumption of oral intake within 2 days. All centres achieved less than 2-day hospital stays. Primary success (84 per cent (i.e. abandonment of endoscopic stapling in 16 per cent)), symptom resolution (83 per cent) and recurrence rates (13 per cent) failed to meet the standard across the non-tertiary centres.ConclusionEndoscopic pharyngeal pouch stapling is a procedure with a low mortality and brief in-patient stay. There was significant variance in outcomes across the region. This raises the question of whether this service should become centralised and the preserve of either tertiary centres or sub-specialist practitioners.
The births of International Studies in China
Authors: Hwang Yih-Jye 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article explores how International Studies as a scientific discipline emerged and developed in China, against the background of a Sinocentric world order that had predominated in East Asia for a long time. The argument of this article is threefold. First, the discipline relied heavily on historical, legal, and political studies, and placed a heavy focus on the investigation of China's integration into the Westphalian system. Second, studies of International Relations were grounded in a problem-solving approach to various issues China was facing at various times in the course of modernisation. Third, the historical development of International Studies in China has had a profound impact on the current IR scholarship in both the PRC and Taiwan, including the recent surge of attempts to establish a Chinese School of IR theory in China and the voluntary acceptance of Western IR in Taiwan. By way of conclusion, the article suggests that there is still an indigenous Chinese site of agency with regards to developing IR. This agency exists despite the fact that in the course of the disciplinary institutionalisation of IR Chinese scholars have largely absorbed Western knowledge.
Low-dose prostaglandin E1 is safe and effective for critical congenital heart disease: is it time to revisit the dosing guidelines?
Authors: Vari Daniel , Xiao Wendi , Behere Shashank , Spurrier Ellen , Tsuda Takeshi , Baffa Jeanne M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroduction:Prostaglandin E1 is used to maintain ductal patency in critical congenital heart disease (CHD). The standard starting dose of prostaglandin E1 is 0.05 µg/kg/minute. Lower doses are frequently used, but the efficacy and safety of a low-dose regimen of prostaglandin E1 has not been established.Methods:We investigated neonates with critical CHD who were started on prostaglandin E1 at 0.01 µg/kg/minute. We reviewed 154 consecutive patients who were separated into three anatomical groups: obstruction to systemic circulation, obstruction to pulmonary circulation, and inadequate mixing (d-transposition of the great arteries). Treatment failure rates and two commonly reported side effects, respiratory depression and seizure, were studied.Results:A total of 26 patients (17%) required a dose increase in prostaglandin E1. Patients with pulmonary obstruction were more likely to require higher doses than patients with systemic obstruction (15/49, 31% versus 9/88, 10%, p = 0.003). Twenty-eight per cent of patients developed respiratory depression and 8% of patients needed mechanical ventilation. Prematurity (<37 week gestation) was the primary risk factor for respiratory depression. No patient required dose escalation or tracheal intubation while on transport. No patient had a seizure attributed to prostaglandin E1.Conclusions:Prostaglandin E1 at an initial and maintenance dose of 0.01 µg/kg/minute was sufficient to maintain ductal patency in 83% of our cohort. The incidence of respiratory depression requiring mechanical ventilation was low and was mostly seen in premature infants. Starting low-dose prostaglandin E1 at 0.01 µg/kg/minute is a safe and effective therapy for critical CHD.
Single center experience of pediatric percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy
Authors: Herron Christopher , Forbes Thomas J. , Kobayashi Daisuke 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground:Percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy is a percutaneous procedure that creates a window in the parietal pericardium by balloon dilation. The use of percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy has not been reported well in children.Objectives:The objective of this study was to describe the single centre experience of percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy in children.Methods:This was a retrospective study to describe all the children aged <20 years undergoing percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy during an 18-year period (2001–2019). Patient characteristics, technical and ultimate procedural success, and repeat interventions were collected.Results:A total of 13 percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy’s were performed in 11 children at the median age of 12 years (range 1.8–19). The etiologies of pericardial effusion were post-pericardiotomy syndrome (n = 4), restrictive cardiomyopathy (n = 1), autoimmune diseases (n = 3), malignancy (n = 2), and idiopathic (n = 1). Two patients received two percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy. The technical success of percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy was 100% with no acute adverse events (balloon rupture or local bleeding). Five (45%) required re-intervention and ultimately three required a surgical pericardial window 6 to 35 days after the percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy. As a result, ultimate procedural success rate was 73% (8/11).Conclusion:Percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy was performed safely with high technical success in children. Percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy may be considered for recurrent and persistent pericardial effusion, before considering a surgical pericardial window.
The role of explanatory models of breast cancer in breast cancer prevention behaviors among Arab-Israeli physicians and laywomen
Authors: Soffer Michal , Cohen Miri , Azaiza Faisal 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground:‘Explanatory Models’ (EMs) are frameworks through which individuals and groups understand diseases, are influenced by cultural and religious perceptions of health and illness, and influence both physicians and patients’ behaviors.Aims:To examine the role of EMs of illness (cancer-related perceptions) in physicians’ and laywomen’s behaviors (decision to recommend undergoing regular mammography, adhering to mammography) in the context of a traditional-religious society, that is, the Arab society in Israel.Methods:Two combined samples were drawn: a representative sample of 146 Arab physicians who serve the Arab population and a sample composed of 290 Arab women, aged 50–70 years, representative of the main Arab groups residing in the north and center of Israel (Muslims, Christians) were each randomly sampled (cluster sampling). All respondents completed a closed-ended questionnaire.Results:Women held more cultural cancer-related beliefs and fatalistic beliefs than physicians. Physicians attributed more access barriers to screening as well as fear of radiation to women patients and lower social barriers to screening, compared with the women’s community sample. Higher fatalistic beliefs among women hindered the probability of adherence to mammography; physicians with higher fatalistic beliefs were less likely to recommend mammography.Conclusions:The role of cultural perceptions needs to be particularly emphasized. In addition to understanding the patients’ perceptions of illness, physicians must also reflect on the social, cultural, and psychological factors that shape their decision to recommend undergoing regular mammography.
Determining the informational needs of family caregivers of people with intellectual disability who require palliative care: A qualitative study
Authors: McKibben Laurie , Brazil Kevin , McLaughlin Dorry , Hudson Peter 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesPeople with intellectual disabilities are living longer, and many require palliative care. There is a lack of evidence regarding information needs which may exist for their family caregivers. This study aimed to determine the informational needs of family caregivers of people with intellectual disabilities who require palliative care.MethodsA qualitative, exploratory design was underpinned by the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping and the Transformative Paradigm. The study involved five Health and Social Care (HSC) Trusts and two Hospices in one region of the United Kingdom. Family caregivers (n = 10) participated in individual interviews. HSC professionals’ (n = 28) perceptions of informational needs were explored within focus groups (n = 6).ResultsFamily caregivers reported information needs chiefly concerning the disease, financial entitlements, and practical support which could change over the disease trajectory. Findings evidence the expertise of long-term family caregivers, prior to the end of life. Palliative care and intellectual disability teams acknowledged their role to work in partnership and facilitate access to information. Recommendations were mapped onto a co-designed logic model.Significance of resultsNew insights into the specific informational needs of this family caregiving population. A co-designed logic model presents these needs and how they may be addressed. Central co-ordinators have been advocated for these caregivers. This model could have international applicability for similar family carers, supporting people with other disabilities or cognitive impairment, and should be further explored.