bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of red clay improved with sand at the foot of mountain in subgrade filling
Authors: Fu Jianbao , Zhang Li 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
There is a large amount of red clay along a highway under construction in Southwest China. The red clay has high plasticity and small CBR which don’t meet the specification. Therefore, red clay often needs to be improved before being used as filler. This paper proposed a new subgrade filling technology of improved red clay with sand at the foot of mountain. The filling technology has three stages, four sections and eight processes. The improved red clay with sand at foot of mountain was used in a highway. The ratio of sand at foot of mountain to red clay was 4:6. After compaction, the degree of compaction could meet the designed compactness requirements. The improved red clay with sand at foot of mountain has achieved good application effect in the project.
Multi-row perforated concrete wall board with built-in sound insulation material
Authors: Chen Zhen-fu , Xiang Liu , Tao Qiu-wang , Xie Li-ping , Zhang Zhi-heng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The multi-row perforated concrete wallboard with built-in sound insulation materials studied in this paper is a new type of lightweight sound insulation wall. With reference to the authorized utility model wall, this work performs sound isolation tests on walls with different internal structural parameters cast on multiple sections, using the experimental method of sound insulation room. Based on the experiment, COMSOL numerical simulation software is used to establish a sound-solid multiphysics model to achieve the numerical solution. Three kinds of changing parameters are studied with respect to the effect of the sound transmission on the wall panel. The optimal cross-section combination structure discovered is a foam concrete wall panel with a 15mm thick sound insulation layer, multiple rows of 30 mm diameter holes and a large flow resistance.
The Influence of γ-Rays Irradiation and Thermal Sequence Aging on the Mineral Composition of GMZ Sodium Bentonite
Authors: Dong LIANG , Tao WANG , Wei LIU , Zhongtian YANG 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper aims to determine the impacts of γirradiation and thermal sequence aging on the mineral composition of Gaomiaozi natural sodium bentonite with Beishan groundwater and to broaden the assessment and scope of buffer materials for geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW). FTIR, XRD and Mössbauer spectra of the bentonite (contain groundwater from Beishan area) have been studied that under accumulative radiation with doses at 3.0 MGy, hereafter heated at 90 °C, 150 °C, 170 °C, 190 °C and 210 °C respectively continue 2 monthes, 4 monthes, 6 monthes, 8 monthes, 10 monthes and 12 monthes. In addition, the solubility of silicon in groundwater from Beishan area have been tested. The results indicate that, the content of montmorillonite decreased significantly with the increment of the thermal temperature and time. The concentration of SiO3
2- in groundwater increased obviously as the thermal temperature and time increased. There have the tendency that Fe (IItransformed to Fe(III) in the bentonite after aged, however, the content of Fe(II) increased and the content of Fe(III) decreased aged by γ irradiation. But the types of mineral and functional groups remain the same. All in all, the mineral composition of GMZ natural sodium bentonite have been varied after thermal aged, and further research is needed to comprehend specific sitiations.
Computational and experimental investigation of progressive damage accumulation in I-plate composite structure
Authors: Chengcheng Zhang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
As the research object to the I-plate composite structure, a stiffness degradation method is developed by combined continuum damage mechanics with the solid finite element analysis method. The Tsai-Wu failure criterion is applied for structural damage initiation. Additionally, exponential equation associated with stress is used to simulate damage development. Based on the progressive damage model established, a 3D finite element technique is proposed to perform the progressive failure process in ANSYS. The structural damage development and simulated load–displacement curve are received, and compared with experimental results under transverse bending load. The compare results show the validity of progressive damage analysis method.
An Introduction to Ultraviolet Detectors Based on III Group-Nitride Semiconductor
Authors: Yang He 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) detectors are drawing increasing attention in the past decades due to their reliable application in industrial, environmental, and even spatial fields. Among all of the candidate materials for UV detector, III group-nitride semiconductors—typically (In, Al) GaN—have stand out for their good thermal stability and conductivity, high response speed and breakdown electric-field, as well as robust radiation hardness. In this article, the author comes up with possible improvements on structural defects-induced degradation of device by providing a comprehensive introduction to the conventional device classification and principles of UV detectors as well as up-to-date processing arts of III group-nitride materials for UV detectors. Finally, we conclude with the promising nano-structured GaN-based UV detectors and expect their applications under super thermo-stable requirements.
Effect of Particle Size and Morphology on the Molar Enthalpy and Molar Entropy of Nanomaterials in Different Processes
Authors: Gao Rui 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
When the size of the material reaches the nanometer level, due to surface effects and small size effects, the substances would cause great changes in chemical reaction equilibrium, reaction kinetics, phase transition, adsorption, electrochemistry and catalysis, and these changes are attributed to changes in their thermodynamic properties. Particle size and morphology are the main factors affecting the thermodynamic properties of nanomaterials, while molar enthalpy and molar entropy are important thermodynamic properties of nanomaterials. The effects of particle size and morphology on molar entropy and molar enthalpy in phase transitions (including melting and sublimation), electrochemistry and adsorption are described in this paper.
Research on the Development and Application of Lightweight Automotive Materials
Authors: Han Chengzhi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
With the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, mobility tools have also evolved from walking and cycling to today’s private cars. The rapid increase in the number of private cars has caused China’s energy consumption to increase. China does not have sufficient energy resources. In order to alleviate the pressure on energy, the energy conservation and emission reduction of automobiles must be paid attention to. There are many ways to save energy and reduce emissions of automobiles. One of them is to reduce the weight of the car. Once the weight of the car is reduced, the amount of energy consumed will be reduced, thereby achieving the goal of energy conservation. Based on this, this article focuses on the use of lightweight materials in current automotive materials, and introduces a variety of lightweight materials in detail to help cars reduce weight, reduce energy consumption, and achieve sustainable development in the automotive industry.
The X80 Pipeline Steel produced by a Novel Ultra Fast Cooling Process
Authors: Zhou Feng , Dai Jietao , Gao Jixiang , Zhou Qing , Li Liejun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The relation between microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties of X80 pipeline steels produced by ultra fast cooling process was investigated using energy dispersive spectrometer, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Results showed that ultra fast cooling kept hot rolled austenitic work hardened, induced a large number of carbonitride precipitation, limited the growth of cementite. Therefore ultra fast cooling was beneficial to increase the steel strength and improve the steel ductility and toughness.
Analysis of Reaction Crystallization Process of Wollastonite Glass Ceramics Using Infrared Spectra
Authors: Si Wei , Chen Sitong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The wollastonite glass ceramics were successfully prepared using waste glass and gehlenite powder. The effects of preparation process parameters on synthesis of wollastonite glass ceramics were studied by fourier transform infrared spectoscopy (FT-IR). The crystalline phase, crystal morphology of wollastonite glass ceramics were characterized by XRD and SEM. The results show that the flake like wollastonite glass ceramics can be obtained by changing the sintering temperature, the content of gehlenite and the holding time when using the reaction crystallization method. With the increasing of each preparation condition parameter, the increase of [Si-O] unsaturated degree will aggravate the fracture of network structure and then lead to various network fractures. The optimum preparation conditions were confirmed as follows: sintering temperature of 900 °C, content of gehlenite of 30 %, holding time of 2 hours.
Densification behavior of high Co-Ni steel prepared by spark plasma sintering
Authors: Huo Guojing , Zhang Zhaohui 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
High Co–Ni steel with excellent mechanical properties has been extensively used in aerospace and military industries. In this study, spark plasma sintering (SPS) method was used to sinter high Co–Ni steel powders. The powder compacts were heated at 100 °C/min to the desired sintering temperature under 40MPa with 10 min holding. Microstructure of the samples sintered at different temperatures were observed and their mechanical properties were tested. The results show that the as-sintered sample obtained at 1050 °C is nearly full density. The sintered high Co–Ni steel mainly composed of lath martensite shows a high level of ultimate tensile strength and yield strength.
Research on acceleration performance of fuel vehicles and electric vehicles based on Advisor
Authors: Bai Youjun , Zheng Yan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, through the analysis of the theoretical knowledge of the vehicle, the differences between the fuel vehicle and the electric vehicle in terms of power performance, as well as the influencing factors are compared. Through the use of advisor simulation analysis, it is found that the acceleration performance of the electric vehicle in the early stage is better than that of the fuel vehicle, and it has better effect when it is used in the city.
Numerical study of the influence of high-transonic outlet blade angle of the Wedge diffuser with airfoil characteristics on the performance centrifugal compressor
Authors: Bai Huan , Li Qingkuo , Wang Yi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a transonic centrifugal compressor is investigated, and a design method of a wedge diffuser with airfoil characteristics is proposed. The effect of different outlet blade angles of the wedge diffuser with airfoil characteristics on the performance of the compressor was studied using a validated numerical calculation method. The results show that the use of a wedge diffuser with airfoil characteristics can more suitable for the transonic flow, which greatly reduces the flow loss of the diffuser pressure surface due to the inconsistent incidence. In addition, without changing the shape of the prototype compressor, the compressor performance is best when the outlet blade angle is 20 ~ 22 °. Compared with the prototype compressor, its peak efficiency increased by 0.93%, the pressure ratio increased by 0.517%, and the stable working margin increased by 4.2%.
Analysis on vibration characteristics of tubing under pressure operation
Authors: Hong Yukui , Dong Liangliang , Tang Geng , Xie Youli , Chen Malin , Liu Xiaodong , Liu Rui , Yang Lei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Pressure operation is a kind of advanced down hole technology which can be used to lift and lower the string under the condition of maintaining a certain pressure in the wellbore, not killing the well or releasing the pressure. However, due to the pressure fluctuation at the front end of the string, the string vibration is caused, which is extremely unfavorable to the operation with pressure. According to industry data, in a series of oilfield safety incidents from 2008 to 2015, nearly 65 %o of the total was due to vibration in the downhole string. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the factors affecting the vibration of the pipe string, so as to reduce the influence of the pipe string vibration, which is also an important means to avoid accidents. In this paper, the dynamic grid method is applied to the numerical simulation analysis of the pipeline, and the pressure fluctuation at the front end of the pipe string is obtained. At the same time, the influence of different shapes at the front end of the pipe string on the vibration of the pipe string is studied, which provides a certain theoretical background for relevant scholars.
A Zero Point Offset Monitoring Method of Rotation Axis Based on Siemens 840D System
Authors: Li Qing , Gao Qiangrong , Zhao Guobo , Chen Xuezhen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In order to monitor the abnormal condition that the zero point of the encoder does not coincide with the actual mechanical zero position in the full-closed control loop of a rotating axis, a Siemens 840D numerical control system based on abnormal condition inspection method is proposed. According to the gathered data by the measurement system of a rotating axis servo motor, the logical comparison program in PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is developed to monitor the zero point of rotating axis by using Siemens 840D numerical control system and STEP7 software platform. The verification experiment results show that the proposed method can quickly identify the abnormal displacement of the zero point for a rotating axis and disable the servo motor in time, which can effectively avoid the poor quality problem caused by the abnormal condition in rotating axis.
Micro-catalytic gas sensor operating modes for extended life service, increasing sensitivity to target gases and power consumption reduction
Authors: Samotaev N , Oblov K , Dzhumaev P , Filipchuk D , Ducso C 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Catalytic gas sensors are among of the most old and widespread gas sensors for combustible gas concentration measurements. However, power consumption these sensors provide is relativity high for modern electronic applications. In this paper research results of combination a silicon MEMS fabrication with operating modes for extended life service, increasing sensitivity to target gases and power consumption reduction are presented. The described solutions allow achieving long-term stability of the sensor in difficult operating conditions - the main requirement for industrial applications, where the continuity of the process is of high value expressed in tangible assets and human lives.
Oil-contaminated Surface Cleaning using Oxygen and Nitrogen Nanobubbles
Authors: Ulatowski Karol , Sidorski Michał , Sobieszuk Paweł 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Surface cleaning is extremely important topic in various industrial and laboratorial applications. Cleaning agents should fulfil numerous requirements, including effectiveness, leaving minimal amount of residue as well as being able to clean different surfaces and contaminants. In this work, the nanobubble dispersions were tested for cleaning of two different contaminants: vegetable oil and UV color protective oil. Both contaminants were applied onto glass slides and stainless steel plates. Nanobubble dispersions were generated in distilled water. Outflow from nanobubble generator was set tangentially to the contaminated surface during nanobubble generation. The effectiveness of cleaning was assessed visually and by contact angle analysis. Results have shown that the effectiveness of cleaning is higher for oxygen nanodispersion compared to nitrogen nanodispersion. However this process requires further fine-tuning to increase its effectiveness.
Multiple Emulsions as a Biomaterial-based Delivery System for the Controlled Release of an Anti-cancer Drug
Authors: Dluska E , Markowska-Radomska A , Metera A , Ordak M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper focuses on developing multiple emulsions as a pH-responsive drug delivery system, for glioblastoma multiforme-GBM therapy, with reduced toxicity to healthy cells. The multiple emulsions with a stimuli-responsive biopolymer (CMC- sodium carboxymethylcellulose) were prepared in a Couette-Taylor flow contactor. As an external stimulus, the difference in pH of the cancer environment, and normal tissue, was investigated by adding salts as a triggering agent. The cancer cell lines of glioblastoma multiforme were investigated: U87MG, LN229, T98G, in order to verify emulsions’ components cytotoxicity to cells. Also normal (healthy) cells, K21-fribroblast, were analysed. Rhodamine B was used as a model drug instead of the clinically used chemotherapeutics (e.g. doxorubicin) in oncology. Results showed that multiple emulsions by themselves had no adverse effect on the viability of investigated cells, excluding one cell line: LN229. The control and modulated release rates of a model drug, by stimuli-responsive biopolymer, were established. Results confirmed the possibility of controlling the release rates of a drug in the acidic environment of the cancer cells. The proposed multiple emulsion could be explored for the potential delivery of chemotherapeutics in GBM therapy.
Study on Influence of Joint Orientation on Rock Engineering Properties for Mining and Infrastructure Design
Authors: Purwanto  , Djamaluddin  , Aswad Sabrianto , Wahyuwibowo Dedi Eka , Qaidahiyani Nirmana Fiqra , Yasuhara Hideaki 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Rock strength is the most important parameter for mining and infrastructure design. Accurate determination of rock strength is needed as a basis for implementing safe and economical rock engineering projects such as tunnels, open pit mines, and slope cutting for roadways. Rock is heterogeneous, anisotropic, and discontinuous materials. The discontinuities can be found as joints, faults, fissures, bedding, etc. In rock mechanics, the term of joint is generally used to represent all types of discontinuities. Joints are the planes of weakness in rock masses and can be found in various geometrical shapes, depending on past geological processes. This research briefly focuses to study the influence of joint orientation on rock strength based on UCS test. Application of this research could be recommend applying for mining and infrastructure design.
Geology and 2D modelling of magnetic data to evaluate surface and subsurface setting in Bongongoayu geothermal area, Gorontalo
Authors: Manyoe I N , Suriamihardja D A , Irfan U R , Eraku S S , Napu S S S , Tolodo D D 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Bongongoayu is one of the regions in Indonesia that has geothermal potential. Bongongoayu requires surface and subsurface data to support the preliminary data. This research aims to determine surface and subsurface data conducted by geology and magnetic method. The surface data, including geomorphology, lithology, hydrology and manifestation. The subsurface data have taken by the magnetic method. The result showed that the geothermal manifestation of Bongongoayu is a hot pool. The surface temperature is 43 to 59 °C. The geomorphology units is composed of volcanic hills unit and lake plains unit. The lithology of the research area is composed of granite and alluvial deposits. Based on petrographic analysis, the level of alteration in granite rocks is 65% and is classified as moderate alteration. The recharge area is in the north and southwest of the research area. Discharge area is in the central area. Based on 2D magnetic modeling, there are two subsurface layers. The first layer is alluvial and the second layer is granite. Rocks that are under the alluvial layer and have been altered are interpreted as a cap rock. 2D magnetic models show normal faults in the research area as a controlling factor for geothermal fluid.
Geochemical Exploration of Geothermal Manifestations: Study Case of Bajawa Volcanic Complex, Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province
Authors: Herzhegovina H H , Abdurrachman M , Hafidh M , Divi M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Currently Indonesia occupy third place in the World demand of geothermal energy with using of 1375 Mwe (Mega Watt electrical). Energy utilization is only used around 4 – 5 % of geothermal energy capacity owned by Indonesia. Surely, this fact encourages many researcher to develop geothermal field with multidisciplinary sciences. One of potential geothermal areas is Nage geothermal field located in Bajawa City, Ngada District, East Nusa Tenggara Province. Four hot springs and fumarole were founded in the area. The Exploration using geochemical analysis in the form of descriptive method and analysis of geothermal fluid data. Based on regional geology, Bajawa volcanic complex composed of three periods of volcanic, first is old volcanic that formed Nage Caldera and Old Inierie volcanoes, then formed Bajawa Cinder Cone unit with North – South and North East – Southwest alignment, this alignment surely controlled as a linear eruptions. And the last is Inierie unit, this unit is active stratovolcano. The results of data obtained from one fumarole and four hot springs sample were taken from Wolo puti fumarole, Bena hotspring, Keli hotspring, Nage I hotspring and Nage II hotspring. Based on the relationship of chemical element ratio and plotting of triangular Giggenbach diagram shows that Keli and Bena hot springs are sulphate type, this hotspring controlled by Wolo puti fumarole as upflow of the geothermal system then Keli and Bena hot springs are in the outflow zone, which has mixed by meteoric water. Nage I and Nage II hot springs are chloride type, which has different geothermal system from Keli and Bena hot springs. Based on the geothermometer calculation of the Na-K-Mg diagram, the temperature of reservoir is 220° - 340° C, which is included of high enthalpy geothermal system.