bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Who Is My Neighbor?” Ethnic Boundaries and the Samaritan Other in Luke 10:25-37
Authors: Keddie G. Anthony 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The story about the “Good Samaritan” in the gospel of Luke appears in the midst of a halakhic discussion between Jesus and a Judaean “lawyer” over who constitutes a “neighbor” (Luke 10:25-37). While scholars have often interpreted this pericope as a call for social inclusivity, the ways that Luke relies on and perpetuates prejudicial Judaean stereotypes about Samaritans have seldom been analyzed. This study draws on social-scientific and critical theory on ethnicity and the plethora of recent scholarship on Samaritan-Judaean interactions in order to explore the ways in which Luke’s text conveys prevalent ethnic stereotypes about Samaritans. It argues that Luke, like earlier and contemporaneous Judaean sources, appropriates an ethnographic representation of Samaritans as “proximate others” as part of a process of identity formation.
Population dynamics of Scutylenchus rugosus under cultivation of maize and wheat and survival in dry fallow conditions
Authors: Hashemi Kobra , Karegar Akbar , Hamzehzarghani Habibalah 
Published: May 2020

Summary
The ectoparasitic nematode, Scutylenchus rugosus, is common in Europe and Asia, feeding on several plant species and limiting productivity. Its seasonal population fluctuation was monitored on maize and wheat crops, in glasshouse and open field conditions, respectively. Its survival in the absence of a host plant was also investigated in a microplot field trial. The population of S. rugosus increased gradually during 4 months of maize growth in glasshouse conditions, and more than 50% increase occurred during the second month after sowing. Under wheat growth, in open field conditions, the lowest population was observed during July, 1 month after wheat harvesting, and the highest in August, after the first post-harvest irrigation. About 50% of the nematode population survived after a 5-month period of drought in the absence of a host and the percentage of surviving nematodes was greater under a dry soil regime than under a dry-wet regime. Most of the inactive S. rugosus were adults. After 24 h of soil wetting, most inactive nematodes resumed their activity and the optimum temperature for activation was 25°C.
Assessment of plant defence induction and biocontrol potential of Bacillus megaterium wr101 against Meloidogyne javanica
Authors: Sahebani Navazollah , Omranzade Fahime 
Published: May 2020

Summary
The aim of this study was to evaluate biological control ability and induction of plant defence by Bacillus megaterium wr101, isolated from wheat rhizosphere, on disease severity induced by Meloidogyne javanica on cucumber. In addition, changes in some plant defence compounds (such as peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and accumulation of total phenolic compounds) induced by B. megaterium wr101 and M. javanica were also evaluated. Results showed that application of B. megaterium wr101 reduced nematode disease indices compared to non-treated controls. Inoculation of cucumber roots with B. megaterium wr101 increased peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities in root tissue from the first day after inoculation (DAI), with maximum levels of these enzymes recorded 4 DAI and then reduced gradually. Catalase activity and H2O2 accumulation showed two peaks on 1 and 5 DAI, respectively, but the presence of nematodes in the plant significantly increased the activity level of catalase enzyme even in the presence of the bacterium. Bacillus megaterium wr101 also stimulated the accumulation of total phenolic compounds in cucumber roots.
The Political Thinker as a Civil Physician: Some Thoughts on Marsilius of Padua and Machiavelli beyond Leo Strauss’ al-Fârâbî
Authors: Mulieri Alessandro 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
While scholars have widely acknowledged a reliance on medical language in the political theories of Marsilius of Padua and Niccolò Machiavelli, they have rarely investigated the epistemological status of this appropriation. Questioning Leo Strauss’ claim that Jewish-Arabic Platonic ideas on the philosopher-king could have been a possible model for Marsilius and Machiavelli, this paper aims to show that the use of medical language by Marsilius of Padua and Machiavelli entails a form of political knowledge that is decidedly at odds with any kind of Platonic philosophical politics. This article makes the claim that, in their political theories, Marsilius and Machiavelli break with two key assumptions of Platonism: first, that philosophy as “absolute self-knowledge” is needed to rule; and, second, that philosophers must be lawgivers or legislators.
Interjections in Biblical Aramaic: A Radial Model
Authors: Andrason Alexander , Hutchison D. Allen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article examines the lexical class of interjections in Biblical Aramaic through the framework of an interjectional prototype and its functional (semantic and pragmatic) and formal (phonetic, morphological, and syntactic) characteristics. The authors analyse eight interjectional lexemes or constructional patterns, attested in twenty-four uses, for their compliance to the canonical prototype. The evidence reveals significant variation in the interjections’ canonicity: high canonicity in primary interjections, semi-canonicity in nearly primary interjections, and low canonicity in secondary interjections.
AMS Dates and the Chronology of Great Zimbabwe
Authors: Huffman Thomas N. , Woodborne Stephan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Salvage excavations in the 1970s uncovered a sizeable commoner occupation at Great Zimbabwe, as well as evidence for the early construction of an elite stonewalled enclosure. As a result of these excavations, we can revise somewhat the chronology of Great Zimbabwe. The most important changes are the extension of Period IVa, lasting from AD 1285±10 to 1395±10, and the appearance of P, P/Q and Q-coursed walling in Period IVa. The small Nemanwa palace was built in P/Q and first dates to Period IVa, as does the Outer Perimeter Wall, and both were linked to the growth of the Zimbabwe state. Period IVb represents the floruit of Great Zimbabwe, while Period IVc encompasses the occupation after the political elite moved north to become the well-known Mutapa dynasty. After the move north, the Mutapa established a masungiro ritual centre at Great Zimbabwe, perhaps to maintain territorial rights in the face of Torwa expansion.
Enhanced rehabilitation guidance after arthroscopic capsulolabral repair of the shoulder: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Multanen Juhani , Kiuru Pauli , Piitulainen Kirsi , Ylinen Jari , Paloneva Juha , Häkkinen Arja 
Published: May 2020

Objective: To compare the effects of a 12-month home-based exercise program to usual care in patients after arthroscopic capsulolabral repair of the shoulder. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Outpatient physical and rehabilitation medicine clinic. Subjects: Forty-five patients (mean age: 35 years; standard deviation (SD): 10 years) who underwent arthroscopic capsulolabral repair due to labral lesion were randomized into an exercise group (EG) or a control group (CG). Intervention: The EG received a 12-month home-based additional exercise program with four physiotherapy follow-up visits, while the CG received standard postoperative exercise instructions. Main measures: Self-reported shoulder disability was assessed with the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form (ASES) and quality of life with the Short-Form (SF)-36 Health Survey. The function of the operated shoulder was evaluated with strength and range of motion measurements. Results: No between-group differences were observed in any of the outcomes at the follow-up. Mean ASES score improved by 16 (95% confidence interval (CI): 10–23) points from the baseline 78 (SD: 17) in the EG and 13 (95% CI: 7–19) points from the baseline 79 (SD: 17) in the CG. Both groups achieved a significant improvement in the dimensions of Physical Functioning, Role-Physical, and Bodily Pain of the SF-36 and in every aspect of strength and range of motion measures. In EG, exercise adherence was moderate (52%) during the first six months and poor (22%) during the last six months. Conclusion: Home-based additional exercises with four outpatient follow-up visits did not improve outcome after arthroscopic capsular repair of the shoulder.
A mixed-methods pilot study of ‘LIFEView’ audiovisual technology: Virtual travel to support well-being and quality of life in palliative and end-of-life care patients
Authors: Kabir Monisha , Rice Jill L , Bush Shirley H , Lawlor Peter G , Webber Colleen , Grassau Pamela A , Ghaedi Bahareh , Dhuper Misha , Hackbusch Rebekah 
Published: May 2020

Background: There is evidence that psychosocial and spiritual interventions of short duration, such as reminiscence therapy, provide positive impacts on quality of life and emotional and existential well-being in adults receiving palliative care. Aim: To determine (1) the feasibility of integrating ‘LIFEView’, a video-based software with >1600 videos of world destinations, in palliative care settings, and (2) positive, neutral or harmful effects of using ‘LIFEView’ videos. Design: A mixed-methods pre–post intervention pilot study was conducted to collect feasibility and preliminary data on physical and psychological symptoms, physiological indicators, spiritual well-being and aspects of quality of life. Setting/participants: Adult patients on an inpatient palliative care unit or receiving care from a community palliative care consultation team who were capable of providing consent and completing the outcome measures were eligible participants. Results: Overall, 27/41 (66%) participants took part in the study. Feasibility criteria, including participant acceptability, low participant burden, tool completion rate and retention rate, were fulfilled, though challenges were experienced with recruitment. Modest improvements, though non-significant, were shown on preliminary data collected on physical and psychological symptoms using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System–revised, spiritual well-being assessed by the 12-item Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Spiritual Well-Being scale and physiological measurements. Qualitative analysis revealed five themes: motivations for using ‘LIFEView’, perceptions of the technology, reminiscence, ‘LIFEView’ as an adaptable technology and ongoing or future use. Conclusion: A future adequately powered study to investigate the impacts of ‘LIFEView’ on patient well-being and quality of life appears to be feasible.
Effects of Kinesiotape vs Soft and Semirigid Ankle Orthoses on Balance in Patients With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hadadi Mohammad , Haghighat Farzaneh , Mohammadpour Navid , Sobhani Sobhan 
Published: May 2020

Background: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a frequent complication of ankle sprain that may be associated with long-term consequences. Although taping and bracing are common interventions that are widely used by clinicians and athletic trainers for patients with CAI, no studies have compared the effects of kinesiotaping and bracing on balance performance in these patients. The present study aimed to compare the effects of ankle kinesiotaping, a soft ankle orthosis, and a semirigid ankle orthosis on balance performance in patients with CAI. Methods: Sixty patients with CAI were randomly assigned to 4 groups that received kinesiotaping, a soft orthosis, a semirigid orthosis, or no treatment (control group). Dynamic and static balance were measured with the modified Star Excursion Balance Test, single leg hop test, and single leg stance test before and after a 4-week intervention period. Results: Significant between-group differences were seen in all evaluated outcomes ( P ≤ .003). The lowest reach distances in all directions in the modified Star Excursion Balance Test were found in the control group, and these patients also had a significantly shorter measured distance in the single leg hop test, and more errors in the single leg stance test compared with the 3 intervention groups. No significant differences were found among the 3 intervention groups. Conclusion: Use of kinesiotaping and a soft or a semirigid ankle brace for 4 weeks were all beneficial in improving static and dynamic balance in individuals with CAI. None of the interventions was superior to the other 2. Level of Evidence: Level I, randomized controlled trial.
Identifying the predictors of first-pass effect and its influence on clinical outcome in the setting of endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: Results from a multicentric prospective registry
Authors: Di Maria Federico , Kyheng Maéva , Consoli Arturo , Desilles Jean-Philippe , Gory Benjamin , Richard Sébastien , Rodesch Georges , Labreuche Julien , Girot Jean-Baptiste , Dargazanli Cyril , Marnat Gaultier , Lapergue Bertrand , Bourcier Romain ,   on behalf of the ETIS investigators*
Published: May 2020

Background The first-pass effect, defined as a complete or near-complete recanalization after one pass (first-pass effect) of a mechanical thrombectomy device, has been related to better clinical outcome than good recanalization after more than one pass in acute ischemic stroke. We searched for predictors of first-pass effect by analyzing the results within a large prospective multicentric registry. Methods We included patients treated by mechanical thrombectomy for isolated anterior intracranial occlusions. A multi-variate logistic regression analysis was carried out to search for predictors of first-pass effect. We also analyzed the percentage of patients with 90-day modified Rankin Scale score 0 to 2, excellent outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale 0 to 1), 24-h NIHSS change, and 90-day all-cause mortality. Results Among the 1832 patients included, clinical outcome at 90 days was significantly better in first-pass effect patients (50.6% vs. 38.9% in patients without first-pass effect), with a center-adjusted OR associated with first-pass effect of 1.74 (95%CI, 1.24 to 1.77). Older age, a lower systolic blood pressure, an MCA-M1 occlusion, higher DWI-ASPECTS at admission, mechanical thrombectomy under local anesthesia, and combined first-line device strategy were independent predictors of first-pass effect. Conclusions In this study, a strategy combining thrombectomy and thrombo-aspiration was more effective than other strategies in achieving first-pass effect. In addition, we confirm that clinical outcome was better in patients with first-pass effect compared to non-first-pass effect patients.
Working Out What Works: The Case of the Education Endowment Foundation in England
Authors: Edovald Triin , Nevill Camilla 
Published: May 2020

Purpose: This article gives an overview of the successes and lessons learned to date of the Education Endowment Foundation (EEF), one of the leading organizations of the What Works movement. Design/Approach/Methods: Starting with its history, this article covers salient components of the EEF’s unique journey including lessons learned and challenges in evidence generation. Findings: The EEF has demonstrated that it is feasible to rapidly expand the use of school-based randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in a country context, set high standards for research independence, transparency, and design, and generate new evidence on what works. Challenges include the need to consider alternative designs to RCTs to answer a range of practice-relevant questions, how to best test interventions at scale, and how study findings are reported and interpreted. Originality/Value: This article addresses some of the key components required for the success of What Works organizations globally.
Neisseria meningitidis: analysis of pili and LPS in emerging Brazilian strains
Authors: Portilho Amanda Izeli , Trzewikoswki de Lima Gabriela , De Gaspari Elizabeth 
Published: May 2020

Background: Neisseria meningitidis is the main cause of bacterial meningitis in Brazil, where the main serogroups isolated are B and C; however, the serogroup W has recently emerged. LPS and type IV pili are important virulence factors that increase meningococci pathogenicity. Methods: The characterization of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and type IV pili in 19 meningococci strains of serogroup B, 21 of serogroup C, 45 of serogroup W and 28 of serogroup Y, isolated in Brazil between 2011 and 2017, was conducted using the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (Dot- ELISA) technique and monoclonal antibodies. Results: We would like to emphasize the importance of characterizing relevant antigens, such as pili and LPS, the use of monoclonal antibodies to support it, and how such studies improve vaccine development and monitoring. Most of the strains studied presented L3,7,9 LPS and type IV pili; both antigens are associated with the capacity to cause invasive disease. Conclusion: Due to the impact of meningococcal disease, it is important to maintain and improve vaccine studies. Epitopes characterization provides data about the virulence of circulating strains. The use of monoclonal antibodies and serological techniques are relevant and support vaccine development.
13q12.2 deletions in acute lymphoblastic leukemia lead to upregulation of FLT3 through enhancer hijacking
Authors: Yang Minjun , Safavi Setareh , Woodward Eleanor L. , Duployez Nicolas , Olsson-Arvidsson Linda , Ungerbäck Jonas , Sigvardsson Mikael , Zaliova Marketa , Zuna Jan , Fioretos Thoas , Johansson Bertil , Nord Karolin H. , Paulsson Kajsa 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Mutations in the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) gene in 13q12.2 are among the most common driver events in acute leukemia, leading to increased cell proliferation and survival through activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT-, RAS/MAPK-, and STAT5-signaling pathways. In this study, we examine the pathogenetic impact of somatic hemizygous 13q12.2 microdeletions in B-cell precursor (BCP) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) using 5 different patient cohorts (in total including 1418 cases). The 13q12.2 deletions occur immediately 5′ of FLT3 and involve the PAN3 locus. By detailed analysis of the 13q12.2 segment, we show that the deletions lead to loss of a topologically associating domain border and an enhancer of FLT3. This results in increased cis interactions between the FLT3 promoter and another enhancer located distally to the deletion breakpoints, with subsequent allele-specific upregulation of FLT3 expression, expected to lead to ligand-independent activation of the receptor and downstream signaling. The 13q12.2 deletions are highly enriched in the high-hyperdiploid BCP ALL subtype (frequency 3.9% vs 0.5% in other BCP ALL) and in cases that subsequently relapsed. Taken together, our study describes a novel mechanism of FLT3 involvement in leukemogenesis by upregulation via chromatin remodeling and enhancer hijacking. These data further emphasize the role of FLT3 as a driver gene in BCP ALL.
Clinical, laboratory, and genetic risk factors for thrombosis in sickle cell disease
Authors: Srisuwananukorn Andrew , Raslan Rasha , Zhang Xu , Shah Binal N. , Han Jin , Gowhari Michel , Molokie Robert E. , Gordeuk Victor R. , Saraf Santosh L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSickle cell disease (SCD) patients are at a four- to 100-fold increased risk for thrombosis compared with the general population, although the mechanisms and risk factors are not clear. We investigated the incidence and predictors for thrombosis in a retrospective, longitudinal cohort of 1193 pediatric and adult SCD patients treated at our institution between January 2008 and December 2017. SCD diagnosis and thrombotic complications were identified using International Classification of Diseases coding and verified through medical chart review. Clinical and laboratory data were extracted from the medical records. With a median follow-up of 6.4 years, 208 (17.4%) SCD patients experienced 352 thrombotic events (64 strokes, 288 venous thromboembolisms [VTE]). Risk factors for stroke included older age and HbSS/Sβ0-genotype and a lower hemoglobin (Hb) F% in the subset of HbSS/Sβ0-genotype patients (P &lt; .05). VTE risk was independently associated with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, hydroxyurea (HU) use, HbSS/Sβ0 genotype, and higher white blood cell (WBC) counts and Hb (P ≤ .03). Two thrombomodulin gene variants previously associated with thrombosis in the general African American population, THBD rs2567617 (minor allele frequency [MAF] 0.25; odds ratio [OR], 1.5; P = .049) and THBD rs1998081 (MAF, 0.24; OR, 1.5; P = .059), were associated with thrombosis in this cohort. In summary, thrombotic complications are common, and several traditional and SCD-specific risk factors are associated with thrombotic risk. Future studies integrating clinical, laboratory, and genetic risk factors may improve our understanding of thrombosis and guide intervention practices in SCD.
Transitioning to Del Nido cardioplegia for all-comers: the next switching gear?
Authors: Marzouk Mohamed , Lafreniere-Bessi Valerie , Dionne Stephanie , Simard Serge , Pigeon Christian , Dagenais François , Ad Niv , Jacques Frederic 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundExclusive use of Del Nido cardioplegia administration in all adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery has been studied for operative, postoperative and myocardial protection outcomes.MethodsFrom November 2016 to October 2017, Del Nido cardioplegia was used in 131 consecutive patients (DN group). Using a propensity score, DN group was compared to 251 patients having received intermittent cold blood cardioplegia (CB group).ResultsPreoperative characteristics were similar in DN and CB groups. Operative outcomes were statistically different (p < 0.0001): cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time (DN 105.9 ± 46.5, CB 131.2 ± 38.8); aortic cross-clamp time (DN 80.8 ± 35.5, CB 102.2 ± 31.3); operative time (DN 203.1 ± 65.0, CB 241.5 ± 54.7); total cardioplegia volume (DN 1328 ± 879, CB 3773 ± 1226); and peak glycemia on CPB (DN 8.2 ± 2.3, CB 9.0 ± 1.8). No statistical differences were noted in intensive care unit stay, hospital stay and hospital death. Myocardial protection outcomes were similar: discharge left ventricular ejection fraction (DN 52 ± 11, CB 51 ± 10); Troponin levels at the end of the surgery (DN 871 ± 1623, CB 1958 ± 854), day 1 (DN 853 ± 1139, CB 993 ± 8234) and day 4 (DN 442 ± 540, CB 463 ± 317).ConclusionDel Nido cardioplegia use in all adult cardiac surgeries is associated with improved surgical efficiency. The design of larger trials including adults combined cardiac procedures and emergencies is needed.