bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of Chemokine CCL20&nbsp;Involved in Myeloma Cells Resistant to Elotuzumab and Lenalidomide
Authors: Wang Huihan , Shi Hua , Yan Wei , He Xiaowei , Liao Aijun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Immunotherapy has received an increasing amount of attention in the field of multiple myeloma treatment because it has low-level toxicity however, there are very few studies on immunotherapy drug resistance. This study aimed to initially explore the relevant factors and possible mechanisms of immunotherapy drugs Elotuzumab (Elo) and Lenalidomides’ resistance both in vivo and in vitro. Methods: Cell models which are resistant to Elotuzumab and Lenalidomide were constructed; Different expression genes in UW, UR, UE, and URE cell lines were detected by using gene expression microarray; RT-qPCR validated CCL20 mRNA expression of four cell lines and patient samples; Bioinformatics Analysis of CCL20 expressions in NDMM and RRMM; ELISA detected the presence of CCL20 in the plasma of MM patients; Recovered CCL20 levels could increase the sensitivity of drug-resistant cell lines to immunomodulatory drugs; Constructed lenalidomide-resistant (UR) mouse subcutaneous xenograft model to explore whether or not CCL20 and lenalidomide treatment influenced the tumor volume’s growth. Results: Cell models of drug resistance were successfully constructed and we found that the mRNA expression of CCL20 was down-regulated in resistant UR, UE, and URE cell lines; RT-qPCR confirmed these, and also identified the downregulation of CCL20 in RRMM patients compared with NDMM; bioinformatics analysis found that the mRNA expression of CCL20 was also down-regulated in RRMM patients; Furthermore, RRMM patients were found to have lower levels of CCL20 protein in their plasma when compared to NDMM. CCL20 could increase the sensitivity of UR,UE, and URE cell lines to immunomodulatory drugs in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: The expression of CCL20 was decreased in lenalidomide and elotuzumab resistant U266 cells and RRMM patients.CCL20 could possibly increase the sensitivity of lenalidomide in vitro and in vivo.
Electroceutically induced subthalamic high frequency oscillations and evoked compound activity may explain the mechanism of therapeutic stimulation in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Ozturk Musa , Viswanathan Ashwin , Sheth Sameer , Ince Nuri 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Despite having remarkable utility in treating movement disorders, the lack of understanding of the underlying mechanisms of high-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a main challenge in choosing personalized stimulation parameters. Here we investigate the modulations in local field potentials induced by therapeutic and non-therapeutic electrical stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in Parkinson’s disease patients undergoing DBS surgery. We find that therapeutic high-frequency stimulation (130-180 Hz) induces high-frequency oscillations (~300 Hz, HFO) similar to those observed with pharmacological treatment. Along with HFOs, we also observed evoked compound activity (ECA) after each stimulation pulse. While ECA was observed in both therapeutic and non-therapeutic (20Hz) stimulation, the HFOs were induced only with therapeutic frequencies and the associated ECA were significantly more resonant. The relative degree of enhancement in the HFO power was related to the interaction of stimulation pulse with the phase of ECA.We propose that high-frequency STN-DBS tunes the neural oscillations to their healthy/treated state, similar to pharmacological treatment, and the stimulation frequency to maximize these oscillations can be inferred from the phase of ECA waveforms of individual subjects. The induced HFOs can, therefore, be utilized as a marker of successful re-calibration of the dysfunctional circuit generating PD symptoms.
Subsequent Identification of a Connective Tissue Disease Amongst Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis : A Long-term Observational Study in 527 Patients
Authors: Ghang Byeong-zu , Nam So Hye , Lee Jungsun , Lim Doo-Ho , Ahn Soo Min , Oh Ji Seon , Hong Seokchan , Kim Yong-Gil , Yoo Bin , Kim Jinseok , Lee Chang-Keun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Connective tissue disease (CTD) might occur during the course of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Clinical factors associated with CTD development in IPF patients have still not been identified. We investigated which antibodies have a significant association with the development of CTD during the clinical course of IPF.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 527 patients with a first diagnosis of IPF between January 2007 and March 2014 and investigated the time to CTD development after IPF diagnosis in these patients.Results: CTD developed in 15 patients at a median of 2.1 years (range 1.2–4.8) after IPF diagnosis. All patients had anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) or autoantibodies that met the serology criteria for interstitial pneumonitis with autoimmune features. Survival duration for IPF patients with progression to CTD was 5.3 (3.8, 6.7) years, which was significantly longer than for IPF patients without progression to CTD [2.9 (1.7, 4.8), p = 0.001]. Independent risk factors for CTD development in IPF patients included female gender [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 5.319, p = 0.0082], titer of rheumatoid factor (RF; adjusted HR, 1.006; p = 0.022), titer of anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA; adjusted HR, 1.009; p = 0.0011), and titer of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA (adjusted HR, 1.02; p < 0.0001).Conclusions: Progression to CTD is uncommon in IPF patients. However, a significant number of IPF patients with high titers of RF, ACPA, or MPO-ANCA progressed to CTD. RF, ACPA, and MPO-ANCA might be significantly associated with CTD development in IPF patients.
Validation of three different sterilization methods of Tilapia skin dressing: impact on microbiological enumeration and collagen content
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed , Hassan Dalia , Kelany Noura , Kotb Saber , Soliman Mahmoud 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Tilapia fish skin has demonstrated promise as a stable and practical biological dressing to be used in wound and burn management. However, the appropriate sterilization technique of the Tilapia fish skin is crucial before its clinical application. The standard sterilization technique must eliminate harmful pathogens but maintain the structural and biochemical properties that could compromise the dressing function. This study investigated and compared the efficiency of three sterilizing agents; chlorhexidine gluconate 4% (CHG), povidone iodine 10% (PVP-I), and silver nanoparticles (25 µg/mL) (AgNPs), at three different times (5, 10, and 15 min) on Tilapia fish skin based on the microbial count, histological and collagen properties.
Results
Among the sterilization procedures, AgNPs showed rapid and complete antimicrobial activity, with a 100% reduction in microbial growth of the fish skin throughout the treated times. Furthermore, AgNPs did not impair the cellular structure or collagen fibers content of the fish skin. However, CHG and PVP-I caused alterations in the collagen content.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated that the AgNPs treatment of Tilapia fish skin provided sterile skin while preserving the histological properties and structural integrity. These findings provide an efficient and quick sterilization method suitable for Tilapia fish skin that could be adopted as a biological dressing.
Genome-wide Study of SBT&nbsp;Genes in Eight Plant Species: Evolution and Expression Outlines for Development and Stress
Authors: Wen Sulin , Chen Guanqun , Huang Tingting , Shen Xiaohui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Subtilisin-like proteases (or subtilases, SBT), a specific family of serine peptidases, are a very big family in plants. Previous studies showed association of SBTs with environment response and development. However, it is still unclear about the function and features of SBTs. Also, there is little information about SBTs classification or protein function research.Results: The characters of SBTs in eight plant species including Arabidopsis, rice, wheat etc. were analyzed. The analysis mainly contained evolutionary relationship, gene structure, chromosomal location, gene synteny and expression pattern. In short, the evolutionary trend of SBTs in the eight plant species was revealed. The expression pattern showed a scattered distribution of SBTs in diverse plant organs.Conclusions: Our results reveal classification, feature and expression pattern of SBT. Then the results might offer clues for future studies about SBTs and additionally related to their possible function in plants against stress and development.
Dynamic Research on Low-Frequency Vibration Isolation Tables
Authors: Jurevicius Mindaugas , Viselga Gintas , Turla Vytautas , Jurkonis Eugenijus , Tetsman Ina 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the paper, an establishment of dynamic characteristics of tabletops of the newly-developed optical tables is being discussed upon. Low-frequency vibration isolation systems are reviewed. Theoretical and experimental tests have been performed. Dynamic models of an optical table on a vibrating platform at different excitations have been developed, the dynamic displacement and the resonance frequencies of the system have been established and vibration transmissibility curves have been presented. The obtained dynamic characteristics of the mechanical passive low-frequency vibration isolation system show that such a system is able to isolate the vibrations effectively. The results of the performed experimental tests confirm the data of the theoretical research.
Wheat / Faba Bean Intercropping Improves Physiological and Structural Resistance of Faba Bean to Fusaric Acid Stress.
Authors: Li Yu , Lv Jiaxing , Zhao Qian , Chen Ling , Dong Yan , Dong Kun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe succession cropping obstacle of faba bean are main common and increasingly serious. Soil-borne fusarium wilt is one of the most serious diseases threatening faba bean production. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fabae (FOF) is the causal agent of fusarium wilt. Fusaric acid (FA), produced by FOF, plays an important role in the occurrence of disease, and intercropping is an effective measure for control of disease and for improving host resistance in plants. Intercropping is a traditional farming measure that uses inter-species interaction to control pests and diseases and increase food production. The objective of the current study was to investigate the physiological and biochemical responses, and mechanisms of tissue structure resistance of intercropped faba beans following exposure to FA.ResultsResults demonstrated that increasing concentrations of FA had greater effects on faba beans and intercropping significantly reduced red ink absorption of faba beans (33.2%), increased water content (3.1%) and increased activity of the root antioxidant enzymes peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) (26.3% and 2.2.%, respectively). Furthermore, increased lignin content and callose deposition in plant vessels were observed (12.5% and 42.7%) when subject to the high concentration of FA (200mg.L-1) stress, respectively. Intercropping resulted in more intact root cell morphology, increased occurrence of intracellular vacuoles, cell wall thickness and the number of mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum.ConclusionsThis study contributes to us to understand the wheat / faba bean intercropping system at the physiological, tissue and subcellular levels to effectively alleviate the wilting effect of Fusarium toxin on faba bean.
Preliminary Experience of 980nm Diode Laser Treatment for Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Tumor with En bloc Technique
Authors: Mao Tianci , Zhang Hongyi , Cui Jie , Yan Fengqi , Sun Jinbo , Zhang Wei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe disease addiction to chemical substances or drugs such as alcohol (ethanol, C2H5OH) is still not recognised by many medical practitioners as a diagnostic nosology in Ghana. It is usually considered a moral challenge, rather than a medical condition. This perception is propagated even in the Ministry of Health’s Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) policy document which punishes symptoms of substance use disorders. This study seeks to explore the perception and attitude of employers towards employees with alcohol use disorders (AUDs).MethodA qualitative approach of in-depth interviews and observations which described the perceived attitudes of employers (using HR managers as proxy) towards employees with AUD of ten private and public hospitals in the Greater-Accra Metropolis was adopted. The face-to face interviews conducted using a an interview guide were audio-recorded and later transcribed. On average, the interview lasted between 45 and 60 minutes.ResultsFindings from the 10 interviews revealed that psychological factors accounted for AUD regardless of the nature of their work. In spite of prevalence of AUD in some hospitals, it was interesting to know that majority of these facilities had no employee assistance programmes (EAPs) and the few that had some policies on AUD were not implementing them.ConclusionThis paper focused on some aspect of HR managers’ perceived attitude toward an aspect of their mental well-being which is AUD. However, there are other pertinent issues that are crucial to employee total well-being that can be addressed in future research.
Non-canonical glutamine transamination metabolism sustains efferocytosis by coupling oxidative stress buffering to oxidative phosphorylation
Authors: Merlin Johanna , Ivanov Stoyan , Dumont Adélie , Sergushichev Alexey , Gall Julie , Stunault Marion , Ayrault Marion , Vaillant Nathalie , Swain Amanda , Orange Francois , Gallerand Alexandre , Berton Thierry , Martin Jean-Charles , Carobbio Stefania , Masson Justine , Gaisler-Salomon Inna , Maechler Pierre , Rayport Stephen , Sluimer Judith , Biessen Erik , Guinamard Rodolphe , Gautier Emmanuel , Thorp Edward , Artyomov Maxim , Yvan-Charvet Laurent 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Macrophages rely on tightly integrated metabolic rewiring to clear dying neighboring cells by efferocytosis during homeostasis and disease. Here, we reveal glutaminase (Gls) 1-mediated glutaminolysis is critical to promote apoptotic cell clearance by macrophages during homeostasis. In addition, impaired macrophage glutaminolysis exacerbated atherosclerosis, a condition during which efficient apoptotic cell debris clearance is critical to limit disease progression. Gls1 expression strongly correlated with atherosclerotic plaque necrosis in patients with cardiovascular diseases. High-throughput transcriptional and metabolic profiling revealed that macrophage efferocytic capacity rely on a non-canonical transaminase pathway, independent from the traditional requirement of glutamate dehydrogenase (Glud1) to fuel ɑ-ketogulatrate-dependent immunometabolism. This pathway was necessary to meet the unique requirements of efferocytosis for cellular detoxification and high energy cytoskeletal rearrangements. Thus, we uncovered a novel role for non-canonical glutamine metabolism for efficient clearance of dying cells and maintenance of tissue homeostasis during health and disease.
CircKEAP1 serves as a ceRNA to suppress lung adenocarcinoma progression by activating KEAP1 signal pathway
Authors: Wang Yanbo , Ren Fenghai , Sun Dawei , Liu Jing , Liu BenKun , Pang Sainan , Shi BoWen , Zhou FuCheng , Yao Lei , Lang YaoGuo , Xu ShiDong , Wang JunFeng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are widely expressed noncoding RNAs, and plays a key role in the biological function of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in various human diseases, especially in cancer. However, the regulatory roles of circRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains largely unknown. MethodsThe expression profiles of circRNAs in LUAD tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues were analyzed by Agilent Arraystar Human CircRNA microarray. The level and prognostic values of circKEAP1 in tissues and cancer cell lines were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Then, the effects of circKEAP1 on tumor growth were investigated by functional experiments in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, dual luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation experiments were performed to confirm the interaction between circKEAP1 and miR-141-3p in LUAD.ResultsWe found circKEAP1 was significantly downregulated in LUAD tissues, and repressed tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circKEAP1 competitively binds to miR-141-3p and relive miR-141-3p repression for its target gene KEAP1, which activated the KEAP1/NRF2 signal pathway, and finally suppress the cell proliferation.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that circKEAP1 inhibits LUAD progression through circKEAP1/miR-141-3p/KEAP1 axis and it may serve as a new target for treatment of LUAD patients.
Determination of Pathophysiological Mechanisms of ALPPS in an Animal Model Using Molecular and Functional Imagings
Authors: Wang Ruifeng , Quan Zhen , Zheng Tongsen , Wang Kai , Liu Yang , Han Zhaoguo , Wang Xiance , Ma Shiling , Liu Lianxin , Lau Wan Yee , Sun Xilin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: ALPPS (associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy) is a two-stage strategy to induce rapid hypertrophy of future liver remnant (FLR) to increase hepatic tumor resectability and reduce postoperative liver failure rate. Rigorous and accurate determination of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in hypertrophy of FLR in ALPPS is essential to ensure a good success rate in the second stage operation. Methods: An ALPPS model was established in rabbits with liver VX2 tumor. The pathophysiological mechanisms after the first stage of ALPPS in the FLR and tumor were assessed by multiplexed positron emission tomography (PET) tracers and dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI).Results: The tumor volume in the ALPPS model increased significantly from post-stage 1 ALPPS day 14 compared to control animals. The 18F-FDG uptake increased significantly from day 7 onwards in the ALPPS model. A Valid Volumetric Function measured by 18F-FCH showed good values in accurately monitoring dynamics and time window for functional liver regeneration (days 3 to 7). DCE-MRI revealed changes in the vascular hyperpermeability function, with a peak on day 7 for tumor and FLR. Conclusions: Molecular and functional imagings are promising and non-invasive methods to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms of ALPPS with good potentials in clinical application to improve surgical successful outcomes.
Macrophages in Tumor-Associated Adipose Microenvironment Accelerate Tumor Progression
Authors: Li Bei , Wu Qi , Yang Qian , Li Zhiyu , Li Juanjuan , Wu Juan , Zhu Shan , Wang Lijun , Liao Shichong , Sun Si , Xu Zhiliang , Sun Shengrong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAdipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) particularly contribute to the progression of obesity-related tumor. However, the mechanisms that the tumor-adipocyte crosstalk may enable the properties and plasticity of macrophages remain still unclear. MethodsSurvival probabilities for recurrence-free survival (RFS) were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method based on immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence images. 3T3-L1 cells were co-cultivated with 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Then the co-cultivated media were used to treat THP-1/RAW264.7 cells. The ATMs markers were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Transwell migration assay, was conducted to determine the migration capability of ATMs. RT-PCR and ELISA were used to detect the expression and secretion level of chemokines, respectively. Immunofluorescence imaging and Western blot were used to investigate the role of SOCS6/STAT3 signaling pathway in the polarization of ATMs. microRNA mimic and inhibitor, and xenograft models were used to explore the role of miR-155 in the polarization of ATMs.ResultsWe demonstrate that CD163-positive macrophages aggregated to surround adipocytes in breast cancer tissues, which was associated with tumor relapse. Thereafter, the eliminated macrophages partially inhibited adipocytes-induced tumor proliferation. The expression of chemokines, CCL2 and CCL5, elevated in tumor-adipocyte microenvironment and contributed to macrophage recruit and M2-like polarization via phosphorylating STAT3. Consistently, inhibiting chemokines and their receptors or suppressing the phosphorylation of STAT3 significantly decreased tumor burden in vivo. In coculture of tumor cells and adipocytes, the level of exosomal miRNA-155 was high, then it promoted the generation and release of CCL2 and CCL5 from adipocytes through targeting SOCS6/STAT3 pathway. Inhibition of exosomal miRNA-155 in tumor cells reduced the CCL2 and CCL5 levels in tumor-adipocytes coculture, and further retarded tumor growth. Likewise, the exosomes stimulated autophagy in macrophages in TFE3-depending way. ConclusionThese results suggest a novel target of tumor-adipocyte-macrophage interconnect that could facilitate obesity-induced tumor progression.
Identification of two novel mutations of&nbsp;ABCD1&nbsp;gene in pedigrees with X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: Dong Bingzi , Lv Wenshan , Xu Lili , Zhao Yuhang , Sun Xiaofang , Cheng Bingfei , Wang Yangang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: X-linked adrenoleukodysrophy (ALD) is an inherited peroxisomal metabolism disorder, results from the loss-of-function mutation of ATP-binding cassette protein subfamily D1 (ABCD1) gene. The dysfunction of ALD protein, a peroxisomal ATP-binding cassette transporter, results in the excessive saturated very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) accumulation in organs including brain, spine and adrenal cortex. X-ALD is characterized as the childhood, adolescent, adult cerebral ALD, adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN), adrenal insufficiency, and asymptomatic phenotypes, exhibiting a high variety of clinical neurological manifestations with or without adrenocortical insufficiency. Results: In this study, we reported two cases of X-ALD, which were firstly diagnosed as adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease) and treated with adrenocortical supplement. However, both of the cases progressed as neurological symptoms and signs after decades. Elevated VLCFAs level, brain MRI scan and genetic analysis confirmed final diagnosis. In addition, we identified two novel mutations of ABCD1 gene, c.874_876delGAG (p.Glu292del) and c.96_97delCT (p.Tyr33Profs*161) in exon 1 of ABCD1 gene. Sanger sequencing confirmed that the proband’s mother of the first case was heterozygous carrying the same variant. Adrenal insufficiency-only type is very rare, however, it may be the starting performance of X-ALD. Conclusions: The early warning manifestations should be noticed, and the probability of X-ALD should be considered. This report could be beneficial for the early diagnosis and genetic counseling for patients with X-ALD.