bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information disclosure and the market for acquiring technology companies
Authors: Chondrakis George , Serrano Carlos J. , Ziedonis Rosemarie H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractResearch SummaryThe market for acquiring technology companies is rife with information frictions. Although such frictions can stifle trading activity, they also provide room for strategic gain. We investigate this dual role of information frictions by exploiting an institutional reform that releases technological information to the public domain. Leveraging cross‐sectoral variation in the magnitude of disclosure, we find an increase in acquisition activity and in the technological distance between matched pairings. In line with predictions from strategic factor market theory, however, we also find a disproportionate decline in acquirer returns on average. Our findings suggest that information disclosed through the reform‐facilitated exchange in the takeover market yet had a leveling effect on the returns to acquirers.Managerial SummaryFirms acquire technology‐oriented companies to complement internal R&D projects and accelerate the innovation process. But identifying promising targets is challenging, not least due to the lack of information about the value of acquired technologies. This study investigates an information shock and tests its effects on the market for acquiring technology‐intensive companies. We find that greater disclosure of technological information to the public domain intensifies trading activity and allows acquirers to better identify and assess targets outside their core technological domains. But it also reduces the returns to acquirers. In combination, our findings illuminate a dual role of information disclosure: placing more information into the public domain may facilitate trade in corporate takeover markets while simultaneously restricting acquirer opportunities for strategic gain.
Entry deterrence when the potential entrant is your competitor in a different market
Authors: Ropero Miguel Ángel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this article, we present a two‐period model in which one firm operates in two markets: a monopoly and a duopoly. Assuming that this firm has private information on the cross‐price elasticity of demand between the products sold in both markets, it limits its quantity supplied in the monopoly market in order to make its rival in the other market believe that entry into the monopolized market is unprofitable. As a result of this strategy, the average prices observed in both markets increase. This result suggests that the detrimental effects of entry deterrence on consumers' welfare are stronger than those predicted by previous literature.
Mixing solutions for the Muskat problem with variable speed
Authors: Noisette Florent , Székelyhidi László 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe provide a quick proof of the existence of mixing weak solutions for the Muskat problem with variable mixing speed. Our proof is considerably shorter and extends previous results in Castro et al. (Mixing solutions for the Muskat problem, 2016,arXiv:1605.04822) and Förster and Székelyhidi (Comm Math Phys 363(3):1051–1080, 2018).
Magnetic fields of M dwarfs
Authors: Kochukhov Oleg 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMagnetic fields play a fundamental role for interior and atmospheric properties of M dwarfs and greatly influence terrestrial planets orbiting in the habitable zones of these low-mass stars. Determination of the strength and topology of magnetic fields, both on stellar surfaces and throughout the extended stellar magnetospheres, is a key ingredient for advancing stellar and planetary science. Here, modern methods of magnetic field measurements applied to M-dwarf stars are reviewed, with an emphasis on direct diagnostics based on interpretation of the Zeeman effect signatures in high-resolution intensity and polarisation spectra. Results of the mean field strength measurements derived from Zeeman broadening analyses as well as information on the global magnetic geometries inferred by applying tomographic mapping methods to spectropolarimetric observations are summarised and critically evaluated. The emerging understanding of the complex, multi-scale nature of M-dwarf magnetic fields is discussed in the context of theoretical models of hydromagnetic dynamos and stellar interior structure altered by magnetic fields.
PASCAL versus MitraClip-XTR edge-to-edge device for the treatment of tricuspid regurgitation: a propensity-matched analysis
Authors: Sugiura Atsushi , Vogelhuber Johanna , Öztürk Can , Schwaibold Zita , Reckers David , Goto Tadahiro , Kavsur Refik , Becher Marc Ulrich , Zimmer Sebastian , Nickenig Georg , Weber Marcel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Transcatheter tricuspid valve repair (TTVR) is a promising technique for the treatment of tricuspid regurgitation (TR). Data comparing the performance of novel edge-to-edge devices (PASCAL and MitraClip-XTR) are scarce.

Methods
We identified 80 consecutive patients who underwent TTVR using either the PASCAL or MitraClip-XTR system to treat symptomatic TR from July 2018 to June 2020. To adjust for baseline imbalances, we performed a propensity score (PS) 1:1 matching. The primary endpoint was a reduction in TR severity by at least one grade at 30 days.

Results
The PS-matched cohort (n = 44) was at high-surgical risk (EuroSCORE II: 7.5% [interquartile range (IQR) 4.8–12.1%]) with a mean TR grade of 4.3 ± 0.8 and median coaptation gap of 6.2 mm [IQR 3.2–9.1 mm]. The primary endpoint was similarly observed in both groups (PASCAL: 91% vs. MitraClip-XTR: 96%). Multiple device implantation was the most common form (59% vs. 82%, p = 0.19), and the occurrence of SLDA was comparable between the PASCAL and MitraClip-XTR system (5.7% [2 of 35 implanted devices] vs. 4.4% [2 of 45 implanted devices], p = 0.99). No periprocedural death or conversions to surgery occurred, and 30-day mortality (5.0% vs. 5.0%, log-rank p = 0.99) and 3-month mortality (10.0% vs. 5.0%, log-rank p = 0.56) were similar between both groups. During follow-up, functional NYHA class, 6-min walking distance, and health status improved in both groups.

Conclusions
Both TTVR devices, PASCAL and MitraClip-XTR, appeared feasible and comparable for an effective TR reduction. Randomized head-to-head comparisons will help to further define the appropriate scope of application of each system.
Hydrogeology and geochemistry of the sulfur karst springs at Santa Cesarea Terme (Apulia, southern Italy)
Authors: D’Angeli Ilenia M. , De Waele Jo , Fiorucci Adriano , Vigna Bartolomeo , Bernasconi Stefano M. , Florea Lee J. , Liso Isabella S. , Parise Mario 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis work describes the geochemical and hydrogeological characteristics of Santa Cesarea Terme, an active sulfuric acid speleogenetic system located along the Adriatic coastline (Apulia, southern Italy). It represents a very peculiar site, where rising thermal and acidic waters mix with seawater creating undersaturated solutions with respect to CaCO3, able to dissolve and corrode limestone and create caves. The Santa Cesarea Terme system is composed of four caves: Fetida, Sulfurea, Gattulla, and Solfatara. Hypogene morphologies and abundant deposits of native sulfur (especially in Gattulla Cave) and sulfate minerals are present in these caves. Fetida and Gattulla caves were investigated primarily because they are easily accessible throughout the whole year through artificial entrances, the other caves being reachable only from the sea. Geochemical analysis of water, monitoring of cave atmosphere, and measurement of the stable isotopes of S, O, and H helped to identify the main processes occurring in this complex cave system. In particular, changes in Ba2+and Sr2+concentration allowed for the identification of two main domains of influence, characterized by marine and rising acidic waters.
Associations and correlates of general versus specific successful ageing components
Authors: Thoma Myriam V. , Kleineidam Luca , Forstmeier Simon , Maercker Andreas , Weyerer Siegfried , Eisele Marion , van den Bussche Hendrik , König Hans-Helmut , Röhr Susanne , Stein Janine , Wiese Birgitt , Pentzek Michael , Bickel Horst , Maier Wolfgang , Scherer Martin , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. , Wagner Michael 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe heterogeneity in the operationalisation of successful ageing (SA) hinders a straightforward examination of SA associations and correlates, and in turn, the identification of potentially modifiable predictors of SA. It is unclear which SA associations and correlates influence all facets of the SA construct, and whether psychosocial reserve models developed in neuropathological ageing research can also be linked to SA. It was therefore the aim of this study to disentangle the effect of various previously identified SA associations and correlates on (1) a general SA factor, which represents the shared underpinnings of three SA facets, and (2) more confined, specific factors, using bifactor modelling. The associations and correlates of three recently validated SA operationalisations were compared in 2478 participants from the German AgeCoDe study, aged 75 years and above. Based on participants’ main occupation, cognitive reserve (CR) and motivational reserve (MR) models were built. Younger age, male gender, more education, higher socio-economic status, being married or widowed, as well as more physical exercise and cognitive activities in old age were found to correlate positively with the general SA factor, indicating a simultaneous effect on all aspects of SA. Smoking and ApoE-ε4 were related only to the physiological facet of SA. CR models were significantly related to the general SA factor. Among all SA associations and correlates, proxy indicators of lifelong cognitive activity and physical exercise showed the strongest effects on SA. Future intervention studies should assess the influence of the preservation of active lifestyle across the life span on SA.
Molecular evidence of host-parasite interactions between zooplankton and Syndiniales
Authors: Zamora-Terol S. , Novotny A. , Winder M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAlthough parasitism is one of the most prevalent interactions in nature, studies of aquatic food webs rarely include parasites. Syndiniales (Dinophyceae, Alveolata) is a diverse parasitic group of dinoflagellates, common in all marine environments, and are described as dominant components of pelagic ecosystems. However, their temporal dynamics, prevalence, and host-specificity are poorly known. Using DNA metabarcoding to explore trophic interactions of zooplankton, we found a high proportion of Syndiniales sequence reads associated with the targeted consumers. We observed the occurrence of Syndiniales in copepods, cladocerans, appendicularians, and polychaete larvae, ranging between 11 and 36% relative read abundance, encompassing 11 main putative clades. Zooplankton–Syndiniales interactions showed variability in occurrence across the taxa, but also certain host-specificity. The study suggests that the observed copepod–Syndiniales interactions can be both direct parasitic infections and the result of trophic transmission through potentially infected prey by Syndiniales. Given the quantitative importance of Syndiniales and zooplankton in marine environments, our findings emphasize that their interactions should be recognized as key players in the structure and connectivity of plankton food webs.
The occurrence of bacteria from different species of Pectobacteriaceae on seed potato plantations in Poland
Authors: Motyka-Pomagruk Agata , Zoledowska Sabina , Sledz Wojciech , Lojkowska Ewa 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBacteria from the genera Dickeya and Pectobacterium, the causative agents of soft rot and blackleg, trigger significant economic losses in potato production worldwide. Efficient struggle with these phytopathogens is highly challenging taking into consideration the lack of available control procedures. As only preventive measures are accessible, we decided to provide insight into the soft rot Pectobacteriaceae (SRP) present in Poland. During the growing seasons of 2013 and 2014, altogether 531 potato plants were collected from 138 seed potato fields and 23 storage facilities. Plant origin of the isolated bacteria, frequencies of coinfections with different species, the affected potato cultivars in addition to seasonal variation in the occurrence of SRP were studied. It was shown that bacteria from the Pectobacterium genus were abundant and outnumbered the ones classified to Dickeya spp. The vast majority of strains was isolated from the plant samples collected in July 2013 or in June–July 2014. The presence of all taxa of interest: Pectobacterium atrosepticum, Pectobacterium carotovorum, Pectobacterium parmentieri, Dickeya dianthicola and Dickeya solani were confirmed in July each year. We were able to isolate bacteria from the genus Dickeya and Pectobacterium from 35 out of 58 potato cultivars tested. The majority of SRP was isolated from potato stems, not from potato tubers. In four cases, coinfections of potato samples with even three diverse species of SRP, i.e. P. atrosepticum, P. carotovorum and P. parmentieri, were noted. It seems that since the first documented appearance of Dickeya solani in Poland in 2005, this pathogen has not played a dominating role in our country. The reported data describing the appearance and distribution of SRP in Poland might allow for prediction of the risks associated with infections initiated by these bacteria.
DSC examination of rotator cuff damage in patients with total shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Nöt László G. , Bata András , Szabó Hajnalka , Cifra János , Lőrinczy Dénes 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe assessment of rotator cuff tear prior to shoulder replacement is based on the physical findings and imaging procedures, preferably magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, MRI is not always available, and in trauma patients, the CT-scan-based classification of glenohumeral arthritis or tendon damage is generally not applicable. In case of 4-part dislocated proximal humerus fractures the right diagnosis is crucial prior to choose between different type protheses or osteosyntheses. Therefore, there is a need for novel methods for the evaluation of rotator cuff damage. Our aim was to evaluate whether differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) could determine the grade of rotator cuff damage in patients undergoing shoulder replacement. Small samples of rotator cuff tendons of patients undergoing reversed shoulder replacement due to orthopedic or trauma indications were resected during surgery, and thermal parameters were measured using DSC. Radiological evaluation was also performed to classify the degree of rotator cuff damage and glenohumeral arthritis. In case of orthopedic samples, the consequence of advanced tendon damage was well demonstrated by the shape and the running of the curves, compared to the control sample. In trauma samples, the moderately degenerated tendons also exhibited significant difference from the control in the shape of the scans and in the thermal parameters. DSC curves demonstrated a clear difference in the thermal parameters of healthy and pathologic samples. DSC could be a useful additional method in the evaluation of rotator cuff tear arthropathies in future studies.
Dilatometric study of the phase transformations under conditions of recrystallized and non-recrystallized austenite in 3Mn–1.5Al steel
Authors: Morawiec M. , Grajcar A. , Kozłowska A. , Zalecki W. , Burian W. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis work presents the results of prior austenite state on the phase transformation behavior in a medium manganese steel alloyed with Al. The austenite was plastically deformed at two different temperatures. The first was at 1050 °C to ensure its recrystallization before cooling. The second treatment included deformation at 900 °C to keep high dislocation density in the austenite. The analysis of recrystallization process or its lack on the phase transformation behavior was analyzed. The study included thermodynamic calculations to analyze proper conditions of selected heat treatments. The dilatometric analysis of the phase transitions dependence on deformation temperatures was carried out. Deformation continuous cooling transformation diagrams were formed on this basis. The metallographic investigations were performed to determine microstructure constituents after cooling. The investigation proved the presence of ferrite untransformed during the austenitization step at 1100 °C. The dominant phase was bainite which was kept present up to 100 °C s−1 cooling rate. The amount of martensite increased with increasing the cooling rate. For the non-recrystallized austenite, more bainite was present in the microstructure for higher cooling rates compared to the recrystallized one. This was the result of higher density of preferable places for bainite nucleation in the non-recrystallized austenite. The Vickers hardness measurements were conducted after the applied heat treatments. The hardness of steel increased together with applying the higher cooling rates, which corresponded to the higher martensite amount. These values were higher for the non-recrystallized austenite because of higher dislocation density.
Model-based mechanical design of a passive lower-limb exoskeleton for assisting workers in shotcrete projection
Authors: Capitani Stefano L. , Bianchi Matteo , Secciani Nicola , Pagliai Marco , Meli Enrico , Ridolfi Alessandro 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDespite the current industrial trend towards automation, many workers are still daily exposed to heavy loads during their duties. Regarding the construction industry, the shotcrete projection results in a particularly arduous whole-body effort for the so-called “concrete reinforcement workers”. In this paper, the design of a passive robotic human assistance tool to assist workers in dealing with the specific task of shotcrete projection will be described. If the design of an effective aid plays a crucial role in improving the job’s quality, following the guidelines given by the French company Eiffage Infrastructures; besides, the acceptance of the proposed solution shall have special consideration. Therefore, starting from an in-site assessment of the scenario, the presented solution has been profoundly adjusted to address the issues coming from this particular task. The exoskeleton adaptability to different lower-limb activities has been preserved without lowering its comfort during daily life in the working area. The developed solution’s operation range has been specifically optimized to assist the worker during specific efforts without hindering the other movements.
Classifying Metaheuristics: Towards a unified multi-level classification system
Authors: Stegherr Helena , Heider Michael , Hähner Jörg 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMetaheuristics provide the means to approximately solve complex optimisation problems when exact optimisers cannot be utilised. This led to an explosion in the number of novel metaheuristics, most of them metaphor-based, using nature as a source of inspiration. Thus, keeping track of their capabilities and innovative components is an increasingly difficult task. This can be resolved by an exhaustive classification system. Trying to classify metaheuristics is common in research, but no consensus on a classification system and the necessary criteria has been established so far. Furthermore, a proposed classification system can not be deemed complete if inherently different metaheuristics are assigned to the same class by the system. In this paper we provide the basis for a new comprehensive classification system for metaheuristics. We first summarise and discuss previous classification attempts and the utilised criteria. Then we present a multi-level architecture and suitable criteria for the task of classifying metaheuristics. A classification system of this kind can solve three main problems when applied to metaheuristics: organise the huge set of existing metaheuristics, clarify the innovation in novel metaheuristics and identify metaheuristics suitable to solve specific optimisation tasks.
Ecosocial Philosophy of Education: Ecologizing the Opinionated Self
Authors: Pulkki Jani , Varpanen Jan , Mullen John 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWhile human beings generally act prosocially towards one another — contra a Hobbesian “war of all against all” — this basic social courtesy tends not to be extended to our relations with the more-than-human world. Educational philosophy is largely grounded in a worldview that privileges human-centered conceptions of the self, valuing its own opinions with little regard for the ecological realities undergirding it. This hyper-separation from the ‘society of all beings’ is a foundational cause of our current ecological crises. In this paper, we develop an ecosocial philosophy of education (ESPE) based on the idea of an ecological self. We aspire to consolidate voices from deep ecology and ecofeminism for conceptualizing education in terms of being responsible to and for, a complex web of interdependent relations among human and more-than-human beings. By analyzing the notion of opinions in light of Gilles Deleuze’s critique of the ‘dogmatic image of thought,’ we formulate three aspects of ESPE capable of supporting an ecological as opposed to an egoistic conception of the self: (i) rather than dealing with fixed concepts, ESPE supports adaptable and flexible boundaries between the self and the world; (ii) rather than fixating on correct answers, ESPE focuses on real-life problems shifting our concern from the self to the world; and (iii) rather than supporting arrogance, EPSE cultivates an epistemic humility grounded in our ecological embeddedness in the world. These approaches seek to enable an education that cultivates a sense of self that is less caught up with arbitrary, egoistic opinions of the self and more attuned to the ecological realities constituting our collective life-worlds.
Molecular probes for the human adenosine receptors
Authors: Yang Xue , Heitman Laura H. , IJzerman Adriaan P. , van der Es Daan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAdenosine receptors, G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are activated by the endogenous ligand adenosine, have been considered potential therapeutic targets in several disorders. To date however, only very few adenosine receptor modulators have made it to the market. Increased understanding of these receptors is required to improve the success rate of adenosine receptor drug discovery. To improve our understanding of receptor structure and function, over the past decades, a diverse array of molecular probes has been developed and applied. These probes, including radioactive or fluorescent moieties, have proven invaluable in GPCR research in general. Specifically for adenosine receptors, the development and application of covalent or reversible probes, whether radiolabeled or fluorescent, have been instrumental in the discovery of new chemical entities, the characterization and interrogation of adenosine receptor subtypes, and the study of adenosine receptor behavior in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. This review summarizes these applications, and also serves as an invitation to walk another mile to further improve probe characteristics and develop additional tags that allow the investigation of adenosine receptors and other GPCRs in even finer detail.