bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The astrocyte network in the ventral nerve cord neuropil of the Drosophila third‐instar larva
Authors: Hernandez Ernesto , MacNamee Sarah E. , Kaplan Leah R. , Lance Kim , Garcia‐Verdugo Hector D. , Farhadi Dara S. , Deer Christine , Lee Si W. , Oland Lynne A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractUnderstanding neuronal function at the local and circuit level requires understanding astrocyte function. We have provided a detailed analysis of astrocyte morphology and territory in the Drosophila third‐instar ventral nerve cord where there already exists considerable understanding of the neuronal network. Astrocyte shape varies more than previously reported; many have bilaterally symmetrical partners, many have a high percentage of their arborization in adjacent segments, and many have branches that follow structural features. Taken together, our data are consistent with, but not fully explained by, a model of a developmental growth process dominated by competitive or repulsive interactions between astrocytes. Our data suggest that the model should also include cell‐autonomous aspects, as well as the use of structural features for growth. Variation in location of arborization territory for identified astrocytes was great enough that a standardized scheme of neuropil division among the six astrocytes that populate each hemi‐segment is not possible at the third instar. The arborizations of the astrocytes can extend across neuronal functional domains. The ventral astrocyte in particular, whose territory can extend well into the proprioceptive region of the neuropil, has no obvious branching pattern that correlates with domains of particular sensory modalities, suggesting that the astrocyte would respond to neuronal activity in any of the sensory modalities, perhaps integrating across them. This study sets the stage for future studies that will generate a robust, functionally oriented connectome that includes both partners in neuronal circuits—the neurons and the glial cells, providing the foundation necessary for studies to elucidate neuron–glia interactions in this neuropil.
Continuous Flow Synthesis of Bimetallic AuPd Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Cattaneo Stefano , Bonincontro Danilo , Bere Takudzwa , Kiely Christopher J. , Hutchings Graham J. , Dimitratos Nikolaos , Albonetti Stefania 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe production of 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) from the selective oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a critical step in the production of biopolymers from biomass‐derived materials. In this study, we report the catalytic performance of monometallic Au and Pd, and bimetallic AuPd nanoparticles with different Au : Pd molar ratios synthesised under continuous flow conditions using a millifluidic set‐up and subsequently deposited onto titanium dioxide as the chosen support. This synthetic technique provided a better control over mean particle size and metal alloy composition, that resulted in higher FDCA yield when the catalysts were compared to similar batch‐synthesised materials. A 99% FDCA yield was obtained with the millifluidic‐prepared AuPd/TiO2 catalyst (Au : Pd molar composition of 75 : 25) after being calcined and reduced at 200 °C. The heat treatment caused a partial removal of the protective ligand (polyvinyl alcohol) encapsulating the nanoparticles and so induced stronger metal‐support interactions. The catalyst reusability was also tested, and showed limited particle sintering after five reaction cycles.
Graph‐based tag recommendations using clusters of patients in clinical decision support system
Authors: Hafidi Meriem , Abdelwahed El Hassan , Qassimi Sara 
Published: January 2020

SummaryTo support health professionals in making decisions, CDSS are developed to manage the patients' EHR, improve the way of diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. The process of analyzing EHRs is based on reading free‐text notes. However, it spends time and physicians' efforts. In this case, the most used solution is describing the EHRs with shortcut tags, representing pathologies or diseases, which are well‐defined and meaningful information. Still, this solution remains insufficient. The exploration of the relationship between those tags, the EHRs and their belonging patients will improve the analysis and then the CDSS. In this paper, we present a graph‐based tag recommendation approach that suggests relevant tags (diseases and pathologies) by analyzing the tagged medical images. We use graph analytics to generate graphs of tags, patients, and images by inspecting similar medical images descriptive. We have also created sub‐communities of patients with the same diseases by applying the Louvain clustering method. The tag recommendation aims to enhance the computer‐aided diagnosis in medical imaging. The tag recommendation approach will allow radiologists to detect and interpret invisible diseases of the underlying anatomical structure. It will also help in early revealing and diagnosis. The dataset ChestX‐Ray14 has been conducted to evaluate and test the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed approach. Future perspective will focus on the deployment of our proposal within a Moroccan e‐health project.
Multiple stream job performance optimization with source operator graph transformations
Authors: Dayarathna Miyuru , Suzumura Toyotaro 
Published: January 2020

SummaryMultiple distributed stream queries, which are executed on stream processing systems, need to be fine‐tuned to the compute cluster in order to harness the full potential of the hardware they run on. In this paper, we describe an automatic technique for conducting such stream query optimization in the presence of multiple stream jobs. During this autotuning process, we identify the structure of each program and conduct automatic program transformation to generate optimized unified streaming jobs. The operators on the unified secondary sample application are grouped into processing elements considering their performance characteristics and the stream graph topology structure to produce high performance stream query network. We implemented this multiple stream query optimization technique on a mechanism called Tahitica. We demonstrate our approach's ability for producing optimized stream query performance by comparing it to naive deployments using two real‐world stream processing applications in the domains of health care and search advertising. Our stream query optimization approach reported 7.1% throughput performance improvement compared to a naive deployment.
Environmental influences on and antimicrobial activity of the skin microbiota of Proceratophrys boiei (Amphibia, Anura) across forest fragments
Authors: B. Assis Ananda , R. Bevier Catherine , Chaves Barreto Cristine , Arturo Navas Carlos 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe composition of the skin microbiota of amphibians is related to the biology of host species and environmental microbial communities. In this system, the environment serves as a microbial source and can modulate the hosted community. When habitats are fragmented and the environment disturbed, changes in the structure of this microbial community are expected. One important potential consequence of fragmentation is a compromised protective function of the microbiota against pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, the skin microbiota of the amphibian Proceratophrys boiei was characterized, evaluated for relationships with environmental variables and environmental sources of microbial communities, and its diversity evaluated for frog populations from fragmented and continuous forests. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of this skin community was studied in frogs from both forest types. Culture methods and 16S rRNA high‐throughput gene sequencing were used to characterize the microbial community and demonstrated that the skin microbiota of P. boiei is more closely related to the soil microbial communities than those inhabiting water bodies or fragment matrix, the unforested area around the forested fragment. The microbial diversity and abundance of P. boiei skin microbiota are different between continuous forests and fragments. This community is correlated with environmental variables, especially with temperature of microhabitat and distance to human dwelling. All individuals of P. boiei harbored bacteria capable of inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria and different strains of the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, and a total of 27 bacterial genera were detected. The results of this study indicate that the persistence of populations of this species will need balanced and sustained interactions among host, microorganisms, and environment.
A comprehensive model to analyze straw recycling logistics costs for sustainable development: Evidence from biomass power generation
Authors: Xu Xin Long , Chen Yu Jie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLow straw recycling logistics costs are a key factor for biomass power generation enterprises to maximize their profits and ensure sustainable operation. Different from the existing literature, this paper divides straw recycling logistics patterns into two types (farmer—plant and farmer—broker—plant) and analyzes their influencing factors to reduce straw recycling logistics costs. In this pursuit, this paper first presents a comprehensive model to analyze straw recycling logistics costs using the calculus method. Then, a 25 MW biomass power plant was selected as a case study to calculate the straw recycling logistics costs. The results show that transportation cost is the most important component of the total straw recycling logistics costs, making up 44.35%. The sensitivity analysis results indicate that the straw recycling radius is the most sensitive factor affecting the straw recycling logistics costs. There is a u‐shaped relationship between the number of brokers and straw recycling logistics costs, and the straw recycling logistics costs have the smallest value when the broker number is 10. Based on the results, this paper proposes the following suggestions. Biomass power plants should conduct reasonable planning for site selection. Brokers should be recruited reasonably, and farmers should change straw planting patterns.
A computational study of unsteady radiative magnetohydrodynamic Blasius and Sakiadis flow with leading‐edge accretion (ablation)
Authors: Mabood Fazle , Khan Waqar A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe present study investigates the influence of the magnetic field, thermal radiation, Prandtl number, and leading‐edge accretion/ablation on Blasius and Sakiadis flow. The convective boundary condition is employed to investigate the heat transfer. The nondimensional governing boundary layer equations have been solved by the homotopy analysis method for different values of the pertinent parameters. The effects of these parameters on the dimensionless velocity, temperature, skin friction, and Nusselt number are also investigated for various values of relevant parameters affecting the flow and heat transfer phenomena. The most relevant outcomes of the present study are that enhancement in magnetic field strength undermines the flow velocity establishing thinner velocity boundary layer for both Blasius and Sakiadis flows while an increase in accretion/ablation effect at leading‐edge manifests in a deceleration in velocity for Blasius case and the opposite trend is observed for Sakiadis flow. Another important outcome is that an increase in radiation and accretion/ablation at leading‐edge upsurges the fluid temperature leading to enhancement in the thermal boundary layer. For both Blasius and Sakiadis flow, the skin friction coefficient and the heat transfer rate decline with the enhancement of the leading‐edge accretion parameter. The results are compared with the existing data and are found in good agreement.
Turbidimetric analysis of growth kinetics of bacteria in the laboratory environment using smartphone
Authors: Hatiboruah Diganta , Devi Damayanti Y. , Namsa Nima D. , Nath Pabitra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFor different microbiological and pathological studies, it is often required to monitor the growth of bacteria in a cultured medium in the laboratory environment. UV‐VIS spectrophotometer is commonly used to estimate the growth of bacterial cell population by measuring the absorbance at 600 nm over a period of time. Colony‐forming unit (CFU) is another approach, which has been routinely performed to estimate the live bacterial cells on semisolid agar plates. Herein, we demonstrate an alternative yet highly reliable sensing platform on a smartphone using which growth kinetics of different bacteria can be reliably monitored. The performance of the proposed smartphone sensor has been compared with the data obtained from OD600 and CFU analysis. A good correlation of bacterial growth rates enumerated based on the proposed smartphone sensor, bench‐top spectrophotometer and CFU analysis have been observed under the experimental conditions.
Long noncoding RNA BHLHE40‐AS1 promotes early breast cancer progression through modulating IL‐6/STAT3 signaling
Authors: DeVaux Rebecca S. , Ropri Ali S. , Grimm Sandra L. , Hall Peter A. , Herrera Emilio O. , Chittur Sridar V. , Smith William P. , Coarfa Cristian , Behbod Fariba , Herschkowitz Jason I. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDuctal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a nonobligate precursor to invasive breast cancer. Only a small percentage of DCIS cases are predicted to progress; however, there is no method to determine which DCIS lesions will remain innocuous from those that will become invasive disease. Therefore, DCIS is treated aggressively creating a current state of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. There is a critical need to identify functional determinants of progression of DCIS to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Interrogating biopsies from five patients with contiguous DCIS and IDC lesions, we have shown that expression of the long noncoding RNA BHLHE40‐AS1 increases with disease progression. BHLHE40‐AS1 expression supports DCIS cell proliferation, motility, and invasive potential. Mechanistically, BHLHE40‐AS1 modulates interleukin (IL)‐6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activity and a proinflammatory cytokine signature, in part through interaction with interleukin enhancer‐binding factor 3. These data suggest that BHLHE40‐AS1 supports early breast cancer progression by engaging STAT3 signaling, creating an immune‐permissive microenvironment.
α5‐nAChR modulates melanoma growth through the Notch1 signaling pathway
Authors: Dang NingNing , Meng Xianguang , Qin Guojing , An Yunhe , Zhang QianQian , Cheng Xiaoyan , Huang Shuhong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe roles of α5‐nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α5‐nAChRs) in various types of solid cancer have been reported; however, its role in melanoma remains unknown. We knocked down α5‐nAChR expression in melanoma cells to investigate the role of α5‐nAChR in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma cells, and its effect on downstream signaling pathways. Using immunohistochemical analysis, we determined that α5‐nAChR expression is significantly increased in human melanoma tissues and cell lines compared with normal human skin tissues. Knocking down α5‐nAChR expression in melanoma cells in culture significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasiveness of melanoma cell lines. Specifically, knockdown of α5‐nAChR inhibited PI3K‐AKT and ERK1/2 signaling activity. Moreover, we confirmed that the Notch1 signaling pathway is the downstream target of α5‐nAChR in melanoma. Our findings suggest that α5‐nAChR plays a critical role in melanoma development and progression, and that targeting α5‐nAChR may be a strategy for melanoma treatment.
An AlGaN/GaN HEMT by a reversed pyramidal channel layer: Investigation and fundamental physics
Authors: Sajjadi Jaghargh Sadaf S. , Orouji Ali A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper, an AlGaN/GaN HEMT with a reversed pyramidal channel layer (RPC‐HEMT) is proposed. The main purpose of the paper is an increase in the breakdown voltage of a conventional HEMT (C‐HEMT) to be suitable in high‐power applications. In the RPC‐HEMT, a reverse pyramidal channel layer in the high electric field traps the energetic carriers that cause the transistors to break. The steps decrease the carrier concentration across the two‐dimensional electron gas (2DEG) channel layer, especially under the gate contact. Therefore, the critical electrical field reduces by the uniform division of carrier mass and improves the breakdown voltage of the RPC‐HEMT by 32%. Besides, the maximum output power density of the new transistor improves compared with the conventional one. In addition, the radio frequency (RF) characteristics such as the cutoff frequency and maximum oscillation frequency of the RPC‐HEMT improve by the decline in the gate‐source capacitance. This article provides kink effects with the output reflection coefficient (S22) and the short‐circuit current gain (h21) to show how this anomalous phenomenon affects high‐frequency performance of devices. Finally, the proposed method makes the RPC‐HEMT appropriate for high‐power and high‐frequency applications.
Institutional voids and innovation governance: A conceptual exposition of the open versus closed architecture choice
Authors: Liedong Tahiru Azaaviele , Peprah Augustine Awuah , Eyong Joseph Ebot 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe choice of open versus closed innovation is shaped by the interplay between firms' analytical orientation and the institutional conditions within firms' operating environments. Whereas there is a plethora of research about the antecedents of innovation performance, there is a lack of understanding about the factors affecting and influencing innovation governance. Regulatory, normative, and cognitive institutional voids have differential impacts on the choice of open versus closed innovation. Firms' analytical orientation, political connections, and collaborating partners' home country institutions moderate the effect of institutional voids on innovation governance.
Board recruitment as a strategic answer: Do companies' strategies for innovation influence the selection of new board members?
Authors: Zenou Emmanuel , Allemand Isabelle , Brullebaut Bénédicte , Galia Fabrice 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDifferent strategies for innovation lead to specific profiles of new board members in terms of human and social capital, which shows that board selection is a strategic answer for innovation. Studying 735 French companies, we show the influence of four types of innovation strategies on the human capital (education and experience) and social capital (relationships) of new board members. Results show that specific strategies for innovation require specific profiles on board, which emphasizes the importance of board capital requirements for supporting innovation strategies.
Real RGB printing AMOLED with high pixel per inch value
Authors: Huo Si‐Tao , Shao Li‐Qin , Dong Ting , Liang Ji‐Sheng , Bi Ze‐Tong , He Mu , Li Zhe , Gao Zhuo , Song Jing‐Yao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA 403‐ppi (pixel per inch) real RGB active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode (AMOLED) was fabricated without using fine metal mask (FMM). Organic light‐emitting materials were printed on array panel, with a novel process that has the advantages of low cost and high pixel density. The uniformity of the organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) was improved with carefully tuning printing parameters, and good panel performance was achieved. The key to such a process was the design of the hexagonal patterning of the pixels. The image quality of the panel with this hexagonal pixel arrangement was evaluated with a bmp format Pixel Layout Simulation picture.
Survival benefit of lymphadenectomy for gallbladder cancer based on the therapeutic index: An analysis of the US extrahepatic biliary malignancy consortium
Authors: Sahara Kota , Tsilimigras Diamantis I. , Maithel Shishir K. , Abbott Daniel E. , Poultsides George A. , Hatzaras Ioannis , Fields Ryan C. , Weiss Matthew , Scoggins Charles , Isom Chelsea A. , Idrees Kamran , Shen Perry , Endo Itaru , Pawlik Timothy M. ,   and the US Extrahepatic Biliary Malignancy Consortium
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe survival benefit of lymphadenectomy among patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains poorly understood.MethodsPatients who underwent resection for GBC between 2000 and 2015 were identified from a US multi‐institutional database. The therapeutic index (LNM rate multiplied by 3‐year overall survival [OS]) was determined to assess the survival benefit of lymphadenectomy.ResultsAmong 449 patients, less than half had LNM (N = 183, 40.8%). The median number of evaluated and metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) was 3 (interquartile range [IQR]: 1‐6) and 1 (IQR: 0‐1), respectively. 3‐year OS among patients with LNM in the entire cohort was 26.8%. The therapeutic index was lower among patients with T4 (5.9) or T1 (6.0) tumors as well as carbohydrate antigen (CA19‐9) ≥200 UI/mL (6.0). Of note, a therapeutic index difference ≥10 was noted relative to CA19‐9 (<200: 18.7 vs ≥200: 6.0), American Joint Committee on Cancer T Stage (T1: 6.0 vs T2: 17.8 vs T4: 5.9) and number of LNs examined (1‐2: 6.9 vs ≥6: 16.9). Concomitant common bile duct resection was not associated with a higher therapeutic index among patients with either T2 or T3 disease.ConclusionCertain clinicopathological factors including T1 or T4 tumor and CA19‐9 ≥200 UI/mL were associated with a low therapeutic index. Resection of six or more LNs was associated with a meaningful therapeutic index benefit among patients with LNM.
Temporal bone histopathology in MELAS syndrome
Authors: Handzel Ophir , Ungar Omer J. , Lee Dan J. , Nadol Joseph B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesDescribe the histopathology of the temporal bones in MELAS (myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke‐like episodes) syndrome. The syndrome results from a known point mutation in mitochondrial DNA.MethodsHistopathology analysis of a pair of temporal bones from the oldest surviving MELAS syndrome temporal bone donor. Histopathologic findings were correlated with known premortem clinical data.ResultsThe inner ears showed severe but incomplete atrophy of the stria vascularis for the length of the cochleae. In contrast, the organ of Corti and inner hair cells appeared intact with some loss of outer hair cells. Other than moderate loss at the basal turn, spiral ganglion cells numbers were normal. The vestibular neuroepithelium was mostly normal with the exception of moderate degeneration of the macula sacculi and partial collapse of the saccular wall on the right. The cerebral cortex had infarct‐like lesions with adjacent gliosis.ConclusionThis is an analysis of the oldest patient with MELAS syndrome to date, an addition to only two previously published patients. It supports the notion that hearing loss is a result of dysfunction of the stria vascularis and not loss of hair cells or neurons. Patterns of vestibular pathology are in agreement to in‐vivo measurements. These findings support auditory rehabilitation with cochlear implants and may be relevant to hearing loss due to other mitochondrial mutations.Level of evidence4