bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amongst patients taking biologic therapies for axial spondyloarthritis, which factors are associated with work non-participation?
Authors: Nadin Tom , Wallis Dinny , Holroyd Christopher R. , D’Angelo Stefania , Walker-Bone Karen , Edwards Christopher J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundAxial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) frequently presents during working age and therefore impacts work participation. Biologic therapies have demonstrated a positive impact on work-related outcomes in clinical trials but real world data are limited. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence and predictors of work impairment and disability among axSpA patients attending a biologic therapy clinic.MethodsThis was a single-centre, cross-sectional study of patients with axSpA treated with biologic therapy. Work participation was assessed with the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) Questionnaire. Work outcomes (presenteeism, absenteeism, health-related job loss) were compared for gender, time since diagnosis, smoking status and disease outcome measures.ResultsData were available for 165 patients (mean age 47.6 years, 75% male, 21% current smokers). Mean time since diagnosis was 15.5 years and mean duration of biologic therapy 4.7 years; 19/165 (11.5%) were on a tapered-dose regimen. Occupational data were available for 144 patients amongst whom 101 (70.1%) were either currently employed or in full time education. Of those eligible to work, 17/118 (14.4%) reported inability to work due to their axSpA. Amongst those in employment, 10.8% reported absenteeism due to axSpA in the week prior to their clinic visit (mean hours missed = 13). The mean work productivity impairment was 23%. Higher disease activity (BASDAI) and markers of global health, quality of life and pain, (BAS-G, ASQoL and spinal pain VAS) were associated with axSpA related job loss, absenteeism and presenteeism.ConclusionsIn this group of axSpA patients on biologic therapy (mean age 47.6 years), almost 1 in 6 (14.4%) reported axSpA related job loss. Poor work outcomes: axSpA-related work disability, absenteeism and presenteeism were associated with poorer scores for patient-reported disease outcome measures. Strategies for enhancing work productivity should be directed towards those patients at risk of poor work outcomes. More data are needed including details of the types of work that are most difficult with axSpA.
Optimal location of subtrochanteric osteotomy in total hip arthroplasty for crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of hip
Authors: Huang Zhe-Yu , Liu Hua , Li Ming , Ling Jing , Zhang Jun-Hui , Zeng Zhi-Min 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhen reconstructing a hip with developmental dysplasia and high dislocation, sub-trochanteric shortening osteotomy is typically needed for placing the acetabular component in the appropriate anatomical position. However, the procedure can result in complications such as non-union of the osteotomy. We evaluated the contact area and the coincidence rate between the proximal and distal fragments at different femoral osteotomy levels and lengths. We then determined the optimal location of subtrochanteric femoral shortening transverse osteotomy in patients with unilateral Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The consistency between the proximal and distal segments was assessed as a possible predictive indicator of the union at the osteotomy site.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 57 patients with unilateral Crowe type IV DDH who underwent X-ray imaging of both hip joints. We labelled the inner and outer diameters of the circular ring as N (mm) and M (mm), respectively. We defined the overlapped area between the proximal and distal ring as contact area S (mm2), and the ratio of contact area to distal ring area as coincidence rate R.ResultsN varied from 9.8–15.2 mm and M varied from 20.7–24 mm, both demonstrated a decreasing trend in the proximal to distal direction. At osteotomy lengths ranging from 0.5–2 cm, there were no differences in S between the different levels of osteotomy in each group. At osteotomy lengths ≤2.5 cm, a significant higher coincidence rate was noted from 2 cm below the lesser trochanter to other positions below the level. At osteotomy lengths from 3 to 5.5 cm, a significantly higher coincidence rate was observed from the level of 1.5 cm below the lesser trochanter to other positions below the level.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that femoral shortening transverse osteotomy at the optimal subtrochanteric level can predictably increase the contact area and coincidence rate, which may contribute to the union at the osteotomy site. Considering the stability of the prostheses, it appears appropriate that osteotomy location should be shifted slightly distally.Trial registrationRetrospectively registered.
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma – influence of resection margin and tumor distance to the liver capsule on survival
Authors: Bartsch Fabian , Baumgart Janine , Hoppe-Lotichius Maria , Straub Beate K. , Heinrich Stefan , Lang Hauke 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is often diagnosed in advanced stage. Aim of this study was to analyse the influence of resection margins and tumor distance to the liver capsule on survival and recurrence in a single center with a high number of extended resections.

Methods
From January 2008 to June 2018 data of all patients with ICC were collected and further analysed with Kaplan Meier Model, Cox regression or Chi2 test for categorical data.

Results
Out of 210 included patients 150 underwent curative intended resection (71.4%). Most patients required extended resections (n = 77; 51.3%). R0-resection was achieved in 131 patients (87.3%) with minimal distances to the resection margin > 1 cm in 22, 0.5-1 cm in 11, 0.1–0.5 cm in 49 patients, and <  0.1 cm in 49 patients. Overall survival (OS) for margins > 0.5 cm compared to 0.5–0.1 cm or R1 was better, but without reaching significance. All three groups had significantly better OS compared to the irresectable group. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was also better in patients with a margin > 0.5 cm than in the < 0.5–0.1 cm or the R1-group, but even without reaching significance. Different distance to the liver capsule significantly affected OS, but not RFS.

Conclusions
Wide resection margins (> 0.5 cm) should be targeted but did not show significantly better OS or RFS in a cohort with a high percentage of extended resections (> 50%). Wide margins, narrow margins and even R1 resections showed a significant benefit over the irresectable group. Therefore, extended resections should be performed, even if only narrow margins can be achieved.
The reliability of surgeons to avoid traumatic insertion of dental implants into high-risk regions: a panoramic radiograph study
Authors: Jamil Firas A. , Mohammed Jamal A. , Hasan Thair A. , Rzoqi Mohammed G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe posterior regions of the jaws usually represent a significant risk for implant surgery. A non-valid assessment of the available bone height may lead to either perforation of the maxillary sinus floor or encroachment of the inferior alveolar nerve and consequently to implant failure. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of surgeon’s decision in appraising the appropriate implant length, in respect to vital anatomical structures, using panoramic radiographs.MethodsOnly implants that are inserted in relation to the maxillary sinus (MS) or the mandibular canal (MC) were enrolled (first premolars [1P], second premolars [2P], first molars [1M], and second molars [2M]). All preoperative panoramic radiographs were evaluated under standard conditions. The postoperative estimation (under/over) was determined depending on the available bone height (ABH) measured from the apical end of the implant to the floor of the MS and the roof of the MC using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Any complication or side effect that associated with overestimated implants insertion was recorded.ResultsThe study sample included 73 patients (predominantly females) who had consecutively received 148 implants, of which 68 were inserted in the posterior maxilla and 80 in the posterior mandible. Underestimation was recorded in 93.2% of the measurements. The remaining bone height after implants insertion was < 2 mm in the majority of underestimated cases (73.9%); they were significantly (P < 0.01) more than sites with remaining bone ≥ 2 mm (26.1%). In the posterior mandible, overestimation was significantly higher than posterior maxilla. Five cases with transient paresthesia were reported in the mandibular overestimated implants.ConclusionsThis study specified that surgeon’s choice of implants length, based on panoramic radiographs, was reliable regarding the incapability to insert implants with further length in the majority of underestimated cases, the low percent of overestimated measurements, and the minor associated complications.
Men’s view on participation in decisions about prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening: patient and public involvement in development of a survey
Authors: Birkeland Søren , Pedersen Susanne S. , Haakonsson Anders K. , Barry Michael J. , Rottmann Nina 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) screening for early detection of prostate cancer (PCa) may prevent some cancer deaths, but also may miss some cancers or lead to unnecessary and potentially harmful treatment. Therefore, involving patients in decision-making about PSA screening is recommended. However, we know little about the attitude of men regarding participation in decisions about PSA screening and how to assess such attitudes. The purpose of this paper is to describe patient and public participation in the development of a national, web-based case vignette survey for studying men’s view on participation in decision-making about PSA screening.

Methods
The project group developed a first draft plan for the survey, its vignettes and choice of measurements. This included multiple vignette variants representing various levels of patient participation in decision-making about PSA screening with different outcomes. Additionally, it included questions on respondents’ satisfaction with imagined courses of health care, their propensity to initiate a malpractice complaint, their own health care experiences, socio-demography, personality, and preferences for control regarding health care decision-making. Following feedback from a workshop with academic peers on the draft plan, a group of 30 adult men was engaged to help develop case vignette versions and questionnaire items by providing feedback on structure, comprehension, response patterns, and time required to complete the survey. Furthermore, a panel of three patients with PCa experience was assembled to assist development through a separate review-and-feedback process.

Results
Based on reviews of survey drafts, the large group made further suggestions about construction of the survey (e.g. clarification and modification of case vignette versions, deletion of items and adjustment of wording, instructions to guide respondents, replacement of technical terms, and optimization of sequence of survey elements). The patient panel ensured fine-tuning of vignette versions and questionnaire items and helped review the internet version of the survey.

Conclusions
Patient and public involvement during various phases of the survey development helped modify and refine survey structure and content. The survey exemplifies a way to measure health care users’ satisfaction with imagined courses of health care and wish to complain, taking into account their characteristics.
Developing senior hospital managers: does ‘one size fit all’? – evidence from the evolving Chinese health system
Authors: Liang Zhanming , Howard Peter , Wang Jian , Xu Min , Zhao Mei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo improve the effectiveness and efficiency of health service provision in China, the National Health Commission has emphasised that training of all health service managers is essential. However, the implementation of that policy has proven challenging for various reasons, one of which is the lack of understanding of the competency requirements and gaps. The aims of the study were to develop an understanding of the characteristics and training experience of hospital managers in one major Chinese city, explore the difficulties they experience and relate them to their perceived importance of management competencies and the perceived level of their management competency.MethodsA cross-sectional, descriptive study with a three-component survey including the use of a validated management competency assessment tool was conducted with three senior executive groups (n = 498) from three categories of hospital in Jinan, Shandong Province, China.ResultsThe survey confirmed that formal and informal management training amongst participants before commencing their management positions was inadequate. The core competencies identified in the Australia context were applicable to the management roles in Chinese hospitals. In addition, the senior executives had low levels of confidence in their management competence. Furthermore, the data showed significant differences between hospital categories and management levels in terms of their commitment to formal and informal training and self-perceived management competence.ConclusionsThe study suggests that management training and support should be provided using a systematic approach with specific consideration to hospital types and management levels and positions. Such an approach should include clear competency requirements to guide management position recruitment and performance management.
Use of meat juice and blood serum with a miniaturised protein microarray assay to develop a multi-parameter IgG screening test with high sample throughput potential for slaughtering pigs
Authors: Loreck Katharina , Mitrenga Sylvia , Heinze Regina , Ehricht Ralf , Engemann Claudia , Lueken Caroline , Ploetz Madeleine , Greiner Matthias , Meemken Diana 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Serological screening of pig herds at the abattoir is considered a potential tool to improve meat inspection procedures and herd health management. Therefore, we previously reported the feasibility of a miniaturised protein microarray as a new serological IgG screening test for zoonotic agents and production diseases in pigs. The present study investigates whether the protein microarray-based assay is applicable for high sample throughput using either blood serum or meat juice.

Material and methods
Microarrays with 12 different antigens were produced by Abbott (formerly Alere Technologies GmbH) Jena, Germany in a previously offered ‘ArrayTube’ platform and in an ‘ArrayStrip’ platform for large-scale use. A test protocol for the use of meat juice on both microarray platforms was developed. Agreement between serum and meat juice was analysed with 88 paired samples from three German abattoirs. Serum was diluted 1:50 and meat juice 1:2. ELISA results for all tested antigens from a preceding study were used as reference test to perform Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis for both test specimens on both microarray platforms.

Results
High area under curve values (AUC > 0.7) were calculated for the analysis of T. gondii (0.87), Y. enterocolitica (0.97), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (0.84) and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (0.71) with serum as the test specimen and for T. gondii (0.99), Y. enterocolitica (0.94), PRRSV (0.88), A. pleuropneumoniae (0.78) and Salmonella spp. (0.72) with meat juice as the test specimen on the ArrayStrip platform. Cohens kappa values of 0.92 for T. gondii and 0.82 for Y. enterocolitica were obtained for the comparison between serum and meat juice. When applying the new method in two further laboratories, kappa values between 0.63 and 0.94 were achieved between the laboratories for these two pathogens.

Conclusion
Further development of a miniaturised pig-specific IgG protein microarray assay showed that meat juice can be used on microarray platforms. Two out of twelve tested antigens (T. gondii, Y. enterocolitica) showed high test accuracy on the ArrayTube and the ArrayStrip platform with both sample materials.
Comprehensive primary health care and non-communicable diseases management: a case study of El Salvador
Authors: Jimenez Carrillo Marta , León García Montserrat , Vidal Nicole , Bermúdez Keven , De Vos Pol 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundOne of today’s greatest challenges in public health worldwide - and especially its key management from Primary Health Care (PHC) - is the growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In El Salvador, since 2009 the Minister of Health (MoH) has scaled up a national public health system based on a comprehensive PHC approach. A national multi-sectorial strategic plan for a comprehensive approach to NCDs has also been developed. This analysis explores stakeholders’ perceptions related to the management of NCDs in PHC and, in particular, the role of social participation.MethodsA case-study was developed consisting of semi structured interviews and official document reviews. Semi-structured interviews were developed with chronic patients (14) and PHC professionals working in different levels within PHC (12). Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. A non-pure, deductive approach was implemented for coding. After grouping codes into potential themes, a thematic framework was elaborated through a reflexive approach and the triangulation of the data. The research was conducted between March and August of 2018 in three different departments of El Salvador.ResultsThe structure and the functioning of the Salvadoran PHC system and its intersectoral approach is firstly described. The interdisciplinary PHC-team brings holistic health care closer to the communities in which health promoters play a key role. The findings reflect the generally positive perception of the PHC system in terms of accessibility, quality and continuity of care by chronic patients. Community engagement and the National Health Forum are ensuring accountability through social controllership mechanisms. However, certain challenges were also noted during the interviews related to the shortage of medication and workforce; coordination between the levels of care and the importance of prevention and health promotion programmes for NCDs.ConclusionsThe Salvadoran PHC and its comprehensive approach to NCDs with an emphasis on intersectoral participation has been positively perceived by the range of stakeholders interviewed. Social engagement and the NHF works as a driving force to ensure accountability as well as in the promotion of a preventive culture. The challenges identified provide keys to amplify knowledge for addressing inequalities in health by strengthening PHC and its NCDs management.
Well-being profiles in adolescence: psychometric properties and latent profile analysis of the mental health continuum model – a methodological study
Authors: Reinhardt Melinda , Horváth Zsolt , Morgan Antony , Kökönyei Gyöngyi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Adolescent Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF) is a psychometrically valid tool to evaluate the domains of subjective well-being, but there is a lack of investigations which could distinguish subgroups with distinct subjective well-being profiles based on this measurement. Therefore, after testing the competing measurement models of the MHC-SF, our main aim was to identify subjective well-being profiles in a large adolescent sample.MethodsOn a representative Hungarian adolescent sample (N = 1572; 51% girl; mean age was 15.39, SD = 2.26) confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) were used to test the factor stucture of the Adolescent MHC-SF. In addition, gender invariance of the best fitting model was also tested. Latent Profile Analyses (LPA) were conducted to reveal distinct subgroups and these profiles were then compared.ResultsResults support the bifactor model of MHC-SF: the general and specific well-being factors which were invariant across gender. LPA yielded four subgroups, three of them have been theoretically hypothesized in previous works (i.e. flourishing, moderate mental health, languishing), but an emotionally vulnerable subgroup also emerged. Compared to the languishing group, this new subgroup demonstrated higher scores on prosocial behaviour, but had comparable level of loneliness and internalizing symptoms.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the MHC-SF is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing overall well-being and its components. In addition, the identification of young people to be at risk for low mental health may help us to tailor mental health promotion programs to their special needs.
Association between pubertal development stages and body adiposity in children and adolescents
Authors: Adami Fernando , Benedet Jucemar , Takahashi Livia Akemi Ramos , da Silva Lopes Adair , da Silva Paiva Laércio , de Vasconcelos Francisco de Assis Guedes 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
The study aimed to analyze the association between pubertal development stages and adiposity in children and adolescents.

Methods
Cross-sectional study conducted in 2007 in Florianópolis, Brazil, with 2339 schoolchildren 32 aged 8 to 14 years old (1107 males). The outcome (adiposity) was evaluated using Z score and 33 percentilee values > = 85 of four skinfolds (triceps, subscapular, suprailiac and calf) and waist 34 circumference. Total body adiposity (Z score of the sum of skinfolds), central adiposity (Z score 35 of waist circumference) and peripheral adiposity (Z scores of triceps and calf skinfolds) were 36 estimated. Pubertal development stages was self-assessed according to Tanner stages of development. Thirty-seven Children and adolescents were classified according to tertiles of age for each pubertal development stages 38 stage - early, normal and late. Statistical analysis was performed using univariate and 39 multivariate Poisson regression models.

Results
Children and adolescent from both sexes with early pubertal development stages presented higher prevalence of central adiposity (waist circumference), with adjusted prevalence ratio (CI 95%) of 2.21 (1.12; 4.35) for males and 2.18 (1.04; 4.57) for females (reference group: normal pubertal development stages). Among females, there was a reduction in the prevalence of excess adiposity with decreased occurrence of early pubertal development stages. There was a strong relationship between adiposity and pubertal development stages.

Conclusions
Excess adiposity was higher in both sexes for those with early pubertal development stages.