bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impacts of CEO’s knowledge structure on corporate innovation strategy
Authors: Qiu Qing , Yu Dengke 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
This study aims to explore the impacts of the knowledge structure of CEO on corporate innovation strategy in the background of China’s national policy of innovation-driven development.

Design/methodology/approach
Regression analysis is used to test the direct effects and the moderating roles of financial and power incentives. It screens 685 listed companies from Chinese stock market, with the time window from 2016 to 2018.

Findings
CEO’s knowledge breadth has a significant impact on innovation strategy, but the moderating effects of power and financial incentives are not significant. CEO’s knowledge depth is negatively correlated to corporate innovation strategy; moreover, power incentive significantly strengthens the relationship, whereas financial incentive significantly weakens it.

Research limitations/implications
Firms are suggested to optimize CEO knowledge structure and organizational incentive system for better implementing innovation-driven development strategy.

Originality/value
It is beneficial to the exploration of the micro-mechanism that enables corporate innovation strategy. Scholars may gain additional insights into the strategic management of corporate innovation from the perspective of CEO’s knowledge structure.
Development and preliminary testing of a framework for quantifying local service provision for people with dementia
Authors: Hughes Jane , Ahmed Saima , Clarkson Paul , Davies Sue , Stewart Karen , Challis David 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
It was hypothesised that there were variations in health and social care services available for older people with dementia and their carers, and that measurement of this between localities was possible. The purpose of this paper is to present a framework for examining this.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a case study approach, data from national surveys of local authorities providing social care and National Health Services Trusts providing old age mental health services conducted in 2014/2015 in England were used. From these, indicators of variation in services for people with dementia and their carers in different geographical areas were created. Measurement of the presence/absence of each service permitted the creation of a service mix score for each area.

Findings
The framework comprised 16 attributes each with indicators describing the characteristics of the organisations providing the services; the skill mix of community mental health teams for older people; and the health care and social care services available in localities. Variation was evident, confirmed by quartile analysis and exemplars, suggesting that older people with dementia and their carers in different localities are likely to experience differences in the range of provision available, particularly social care services.

Originality/value
The case study approach used achieved its objectives, and the resultant framework has potential for generalisability and utility, given acceptable ecological validity and discriminant validity in identifying variations in service mix. It could be used in both research and practice.
Emotional education program: a participative intervention with teachers
Authors: Marques Alcione Moreira , Fóz Adriana Queiroz Botelho , Lopes Eduardo Guedes Queiroz , Tanaka Luiza Hiromi 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the effects of a program to develop socioemotional competence (SEC) focused on self-awareness and emotional self-management as a resource for the well-being and stress relief of teachers at a Brazilian public school in a socially vulnerable region.Design/methodology/approachEighteen (18) teachers took part in a participatory action research approach. The data collection techniques used were: conversation wheel, individual interview, participant observation and focus group. The emotional education program (PEEP) was conducted in ten 90-min meetings. The data were analyzed using thematic content analysis.FindingsThere were two categories identified: an increase in the teachers' self-awareness and emotional self-management skills. These findings yielded reports of improvements in their ability to deal with their own emotions, better management of the emotional demands of daily school life and positive reflexes on their well-being and teaching practice.Research limitations/implicationsDealing better with emotions involves several skills that need time to be developed and assimilated and PEEP has been applied in a relatively short time. In addition, its application in a wider range of situations has not been evaluated.Originality/valueThis study is linked to a few others that were carried out on the effects that intervention programs had on a teacher's SEC. It was evident that following the steps of the action research enhanced the researcher's connection with the teachers, and it provided a genuine understanding of what it means to be studied. Because of this, it was possible to get a deeper understanding of teachers' emotional states, and the actions and results were legitimized by the participants.
Insurance expansions and adolescent use of substance use disorder treatment
Authors: Hamersma Sarah , Maclean Johanna Catherine 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo provide evidence on the effects of expansions to private and public insurance programs on adolescent specialty substance use disorder (SUD) treatment use.Data Source/Study SettingThe Treatment Episodes Data Set (TEDS), 1996 to 2017.Study DesignA quasi‐experimental difference‐in‐differences design using observational data.Data CollectionThe TEDS provides administrative data on admissions to specialty SUD treatment.Principal FindingsExpansions of laws that compel private insurers to cover SUD treatment services at parity with general health care increase adolescent admissions by 26% (P < .05). These increases are driven by nonintensive outpatient admissions, the most common treatment episodes, which rise by 30% (P < .05) postparity law. In contrast, increases in income eligibility for public insurance targeting those 6‐18 years old are not statistically associated with SUD treatment.ConclusionsPrivate insurance expansions allow more adolescents to receive SUD treatment, while public insurance income eligibility expansions do not appear to influence adolescent SUD treatment.
Examining emergency department inequities: Descriptive analysis of national data (2006–2012)
Authors: Curtis Elana , Paine Sarah‐Jane , Jiang Yannan , Jones Peter , Tomash Inia , Raumati Inia , Healey Olivia , Reid Papaarangi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveInternationally, Indigenous and minoritised ethnic groups experience longer wait times, differential pain management and less evaluation and treatment for acute conditions within emergency medicine care. Examining ED Inequities (EEDI) aims to investigate whether inequities between Māori and non‐Māori exist within EDs in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ). This article presents the descriptive findings for the present study.MethodsA retrospective observational study framed from a Kaupapa Māori positioning, EEDI uses secondary data from emergency medicine admissions into 18/20 District Health Boards in NZ between 2006 and 2012. Data sources include variables from the Shorter Stays in ED National Research Project database and comorbidity data from NZ's National Minimum Dataset. The key predictor of interest is patient ethnicity with descriptive variables, including sex, age group, area deprivation, mode of presentation, referral method, Australasian Triage Scale and trauma status.ResultsThere were a total of 5 972 102 ED events (1 168 944 Māori, 4 803 158 non‐Māori). We found an increasing proportion of ED events per year, with a higher proportion of Māori from younger age groups and areas of high deprivation compared to non‐Māori events. Māori also had a higher proportion of self‐referral and were triaged to be seen within a longer time frame compared to non‐Māori.ConclusionOur findings show that there are different patterns of ED usage when comparing Māori and non‐Māori events. The next level of analysis of the EEDI dataset will be to examine whether there are any associations between ethnicity and ED outcomes for Māori and non‐Māori patients.
Arterial and end‐tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure difference during prehospital anaesthesia in critically ill patients
Authors: Harve‐Rytsälä Heini , Ångerman Susanne , Kirves Hetti , Nurmi Jouni 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundNormoventilation is crucial for many critically ill patients. Ventilation is routinely guided by end‐tidal capnography during prehospital anaesthesia, based on the assumption of the gap between arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and end‐tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (PetCO2) of approximately 0.5 kPa (3.8 mmHg).MethodsWe retrospectively analysed the airway registry and patient chart data of patients who had been anaesthetised and intubated endotracheally by the prehospital critical care team and had their prehospital arterial blood gases analysed. Bland‐Altman analysis was used to estimate the bias and limits of agreement.ResultsAltogether 502 patients were included in the study, with a median age of 58 years. The most common patient groups were post‐resuscitation (155, 31%), neurological emergencies (96, 19%), intoxication (75, 15%) and trauma (68, 14%). The median of the gap between PaCO2 and PetCO2 was 1.3 kPa (interquartile range 0.7 to 2.2) (9.8 (5.3‐16.5) mmHg). Mean bias of PetCO2 was −1.6 kPa/12.0 mmHg (standard deviation 1.7 kPa/12.8 mmHg) with 95% confidence limits of agreement −4.9 to 1.9 kPa (−36.8 to 14.3 mmHg). The gap was ≥ 1.0 kPa (>7.5 mmHg) in 297 (66%, 95% confidence interval 55 to 63) patients.ConclusionOur results suggest that end‐tidal capnography alone might not be an adequate method to achieve normoventilation for critically ill patients intubated and mechanically ventilated in prehospital setting. Thus, an arterial blood gas analysis might be useful to recognize patients with an increased gap between PaCO2 and PetCO2.
Distinct expression of SARS‐CoV‐2 receptor ACE2 correlates with endotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Wang Ming , Bu Xiangting , Fang Gaoli , Luan Ge , Huang Yanran , Akdis Cezmi A. , Wang Chengshuo , Zhang Luo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) entry factors, ACE2 and TMPRSS2, are highly expressed in nasal epithelial cells. However, the association between SARS‐CoV‐2 and nasal inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) has not been investigated. We thus investigated the expression of SARS‐CoV‐2 entry factors in nasal tissues of CRSwNP patients, and their associations with inflammatory endotypes of CRSwNP.MethodsThe expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 was assessed in nasal tissues of control subjects and eosinophilic CRSwNP (ECRSwNP) and nonECRSwNP patients. The correlations between ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression and inflammatory indices of CRSwNP endotypes were evaluated. Regulation of ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression by inflammatory cytokines and glucocorticoids was investigated.ResultsACE2 expression was significantly increased in nasal tissues of nonECRSwNP patients compared to ECRSwNP patients and control subjects, and positively correlated with the expression of IFN‐γ, but negatively correlated with tissue infiltrated eosinophils, and expression of IL5 and IL13. IFN‐γ up‐regulated ACE2 expression while glucocorticoid attenuated this increase in cultured nasal epithelial cells. Genes co‐expressed with ACE2 were enriched in pathways relating to defence response to virus in nasal tissue. TMPRSS2 expression was decreased in nasal tissues of CRSwNP patients compared to control subjects and not correlated with the inflammatory endotypes of CRSwNP. Glucocorticoid treatment decreased ACE2 expression in nasal tissues of nonECRSwNP patients, but not in ECRSwNP patients, whereas TMPRSS2 expression was not affected.ConclusionThese findings indicate that ACE2 expression, regulated by IFN‐γ, is increased in nasal tissues of nonECRSwNP patients and positively correlates with type 1 inflammation.
Using heated humidified high‐flow nasal cannulas for premature infants may result in an underestimated amount of water reaching the airways
Authors: Reiner Eran , Stein Nili , Rotschild Avi , Gashi Tzipi , Bibi Haim , Waisman Dan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimCondensation often occurs when providing humidified respiratory support. We examined conditions conducive to excess water formation in heated humified high‐flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC).MethodsAn HHHFNC device, at 35 or 37°C, was attached with a nasal cannula to a reservoir and tested in five ambient conditions and flows. For Group A, tubing and collection bottle remained at room temperature (23°C). Group B, tubing and reservoir remained inside an incubator (31°C). Group C, tubing and reservoir remained at 33°C. In Group D, the HHHFNC was set to 35°C, the reservoir remained at 33°C, and the nasal cannula and tubing remained at 23°C. Group E, same as D, with HHHFNC at 37°C.ResultsThe largest amounts of collected water were in groups A and E. Both had highest temperature differences. Median (range) was 4.9°C (4.1–6.9) and 4.0°C, collecting 38.4 (26.4–50.4) and 26.4 (19.2–50.4) ml/24 h, respectively. Smallest amounts of water were seen with lower temperature differences as in groups B, C, and D with 2.7 (1.9–4.7), 1.6 (1.2–2.1), and 2.0°C with 8.4 (0.0–33.6), 2.4 (0.0–14.4), and 9.6 (4.8–16.8) ml/24 h, respectively.ConclusionHHHFNC devices may produce clinically significant amounts of water reaching the upper airways. This may be prevented with appropriate device set‐up.
Has South Korean democracy hit a glass ceiling? Institutional‐cultural factors and limits to democratic progress
Authors: Yeo Andrew 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article critically examines the state of South Korea’s consolidated democracy in the post‐2016 Candlelight period. More specifically, I identify a “glass ceiling” in raising the quality of South Korean democracy, drawing attention to institutional‐cultural factors as an underlying barrier for further democratic progress. Political culture reinforces existing institutional design flaws such as a strong executive and a weak political party system. This in turn creates a permissive environment encouraging ruling parties to protect the presidency and implement the Blue House’s agenda through means which do not necessarily comport with liberal democracy. After presenting data from several indexes that measure the quality of democracy in South Korea, I discuss how institutions and culture interact to limit democratic advancement. I then use the Sewol ferry disaster during the conservative Park Geun‐hye administration and implementation of South Korea’s inter‐Korea engagement policy during the progressive Moon Jae‐in government to illustrate my argument.
Conservation and social outcomes of private protected areas
Authors: Palfrey Rachel , Oldekop Johan , Holmes George 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGovernment administered protected areas (PAs) have dominated conservation strategies, discourse, and research, yet private actors are increasingly managing land for conservation. Little is known about the social and environmental outcomes of these privately protected areas (PPAs). We searched the global literature in English on PPAs and their environmental and social outcomes and identified 412 articles suitable for inclusion. Research on PPAs was geographically skewed; more studies occurred in the United States. Environmental outcomes of PPAs were mostly positive (89%), but social outcomes of PPAs were reported less (12% of all studies), and these outcomes were more mixed (65% positive). Private protected areas increased the number or extent of ecosystems, ecoregions, or species covered by PAs (representativeness) and PA network connectivity and effectively reduced deforestation and restored degraded lands. Few PPA owners reported negative social outcomes, experienced improved social capital, increased property value, or a reduction in taxes. Local communities benefited from increased employment, training, and community‐wide development (e.g., building of schools), but they reported reduced social capital and no significant difference to household income. The causal mechanisms through which PPAs influence social and environmental outcomes remain unclear, as does how political, economic, and social contexts shape these mechanisms. Future research should widen the geographical scope and diversify the types of PPAs studied and focus on determining the casual mechanisms through which PPA outcomes occur in different contexts. We propose an assessment framework that could be adopted to facilitate this process.
Advances in mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for the treatment of osteoporosis
Authors: Jiang Yuhe , Zhang Ping , Zhang Xiao , Lv Longwei , Zhou Yongsheng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOsteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disease with characteristics of bone loss and microstructural degeneration. The personal and societal costs of osteoporosis are increasing year by year as the ageing of population, posing challenges to public health care. Homing disorders, impaired capability of osteogenic differentiation, senescence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), an imbalanced microenvironment, and disordered immunoregulation play important roles during the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The MSC transplantation promises to increase osteoblast differentiation and block osteoclast activation, and to rebalance bone formation and resorption. Preclinical investigations on MSC transplantation in the osteoporosis treatment provide evidences of enhancing osteogenic differentiation, increasing bone mineral density, and halting the deterioration of osteoporosis. Meanwhile, the latest techniques, such as gene modification, targeted modification and co‐transplantation, are promising approaches to enhance the therapeutic effect and efficacy of MSCs. In addition, clinical trials of MSC therapy to treat osteoporosis are underway, which will fill the gap of clinical data. Although MSCs tend to be effective to treat osteoporosis, the urgent issues of safety, transplant efficiency and standardization of the manufacturing process have to be settled. Moreover, a comprehensive evaluation of clinical trials, including safety and efficacy, is still needed as an important basis for clinical translation.
Evaluation of the relationship of neutrophil‐to lymphocyte ratio and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio with in‐hospital mortality in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Emami Ardestani Mohammad , Alavi‐Naeini Nooshin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroductionAcute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) has the highest mortality rate and medical costs. The neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte (PLR) ratio are inflammatory markers that have been recently linked to the AECOPD severity and patient outcome.ObjectiveTherefore, the present study aimed at evaluating the diagnostic value of NLR and PLR in the prognosis of the in‐hospital mortality in AECOPD patients.MethodsThe present retrospective study was performed on 829 AECOPD patients. Age, gender and laboratory results of CBC tests including lymphocyte count, neutrophil count, platelet count, hemoglobin count, white blood cell count (WBC), eosinophil cell count, NLR, PLR and CRP as well as the mortality data were collected from the patients’ records and subsequently recorded.ResultsThe results of the present study revealed that NLR with the cut‐off value of 6.90, sensitivity of 60.87%, and specificity of 73.29% had a significant diagnostic value in the prognosis of in‐hospital mortality in AECOPD patients (P < 0.05). A similar significant finding regarding the diagnostic value in the prognosis of in‐hospital mortality in AECOPD patients was obtained for CRP with the cut‐off value of 30, sensitivity of 73.08%, and specificity of 60.26% (P < 0.05). However, the diagnostic value of PLR in the prognosis of in‐hospital mortality in AECOPD patients was found to be insignificant (P = 0.18).ConclusionAccording to the results of the present study, NLR > 6.90 can be considered as a valuable and accurate marker in the prognosis of in‐hospital mortality in AECOPD patients.
Color assessment of selected lawn grass mixtures
Authors: Wolski Karol , Czarnecki Jarosław , Brennensthul Marek , Ptak Weronika 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe three‐year experiment dealt with 12 lawn grass mixtures with different composition of species and varieties. Two sowing rates were applied: N1‐25 g/m2 and N2‐35 g/m2. Lawn colors were assessed in spring, summer and autumn with the visual method, with a 1–9 scale assigning a score to each plot of grass according to the Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart. It was found that in the spring the mixtures with the highest proportions of Festuca rubra L. and in the summer and autumn those where Poa pratensis L. dominated had the best color. The effect of the sowing rate was studied only in the summer and autumn. On average, the best and darkest color was reported in the spring and summer. The least intense color of the lawns was in the second year of the studies due to weather conditions during that growing period, affecting the level of chlorophyll in plant leaves. It was found that a definite choice of a lawn mixture was extremely difficult and should be preceded by a detailed analysis of local conditions. The species and varieties selected for a lawn should ensure the right color as long as possible during the growing season.
Does manipulating harvest regime of single‐cut 'Fahl' berseem clover compensate for reduced seeding rate?
Authors: Sabry Attia Salama Heba , Issa Nawar Ali 
Published: November 2020

AbstractProviding precise information about the variations in yield and quality of single‐cut 'Fahl' berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) in relation to crop's harvest regime and seeding rate would support its optimal utilization in rotation with other crops grown in the Mediterranean environment. Current study investigated the variations in fodder yield and nutritive value of 'Fahl' berseem clover when cut at three harvesting regimes, adjusted in terms of three phenological stages: bud stage (60 days after sowing—DAS), early flowering (75 DAS) and full flowering (90 DAS) under elevated seeding rates (25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the recommended). When 'Fahl' berseem clover was harvested at bud stage, the use of increased seeding rates was essential for higher fodder yield, while delaying harvesting to early or full flowering provided a good compensation to the reduced seeding rates. The optimal fresh fodder yield was achieved when the crop was cut at early flowering (75 DAS) with 55% seeding rate. Seeding rate had minimal effect on the studied fodder quality parameters, which were significantly variable according to the harvest regime. Late harvests were characterized by higher dry yield, dry matter accumulation, fiber and non‐fiber carbohydrates contents, yet lower crude protein. The highest significant crude protein content was a character of the crop harvested at early flowering (75 DAS) with around 60% seeding rate. In a similar Mediterranean context, 'Fahl' berseem clover can provide reasonable amount of forage of good quality throughout the autumn growth period when harvesting is done at early flowering and seeding rate is reduced to 60% of the recommended.