bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activity of the human immortalized endothelial progenitor cell line HEPC-CB.1 supporting in vitro angiogenesis
Authors: Kantor Aneta , Krawczenko Agnieszka , Bielawska-Pohl Aleksandra , Duś Danuta , Grillon Catherine , Kieda Claudine , Charkiewicz Karol , Paprocka Maria 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe human HEPC-CB.1 cell line with many characteristics of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) was tested for its proangiogenic properties as a potentially therapeutic compound. HEPC-CB.1 cells’ potential to differentiate into endothelial cells was revealed after treating the cells with a mixture of ATRA, cAMP and VEGF, as shown by the reduced expression levels of CD133, CD271 and CD90 antigens, augmentation of CD146 and CD31, and a decrease in cell clonogenicity. The cooperation of HEPC-CB.1 with the endothelial cell line HSkMEC.2 resulted in the formation of a common network. Tube formation was significantly more effective when resulting from HEPC-CB.1 and HSkMEC.2 cell co-culture as compared to a monoculture of each cell line. The exocrine mechanism of HEPC-CB.1 and HSkMEC.2 cross talk by secreted factors was evidenced using the HEPC-CB.1 supernatant to increase the efficacy of HSkMEC.2 tube formation. The proangiogenic factors produced by HEPC-CB.1 were identified using cytokine antibody array. Out of 120 examined factors, the HEPC-CB.1 cell line produced 63, some with known angiogenic activity. As in vivo the angiogenic process occurs at low oxygen tension, it was observed that in hypoxia, the production of defined factors was augmented. The presented results demonstrate that HEPC-CB.1 cells are able to both cooperate and integrate in a newly formed network and produce factors that help the network formation. The results suggest that HEPC-CB.1 cells are indeed endothelial progenitors and may prove to be an effective tool in regenerative medicine.
Seasonal timing and recurrence of methyl jasmonate treatment influence pine weevil damage to Norway spruce seedlings
Authors: Chen Yayuan , Bylund Helena , Björkman Christer , Fedderwitz Frauke , Puentes Adriana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDefense can be induced in conifer seedlings to reduce pine weevil (Hylobius abietis) damage, by treatment with the plant hormone methyl jasmonate (MJ). Few studies have addressed important practical issues regarding the use of MJ such as treatment incidence and timing, seedling age and its compatibility with plant nursery practices. We examined if levels of pine weevil damage depend on seasonal timing and recurrence of MJ treatment, and if the observed effects depend on plant age. Norway spruce (Picea abies) seedlings from two age cohorts (1 year and 1.5 years old) received four MJ treatments: MJ application before winter storage in the previous year, after winter storage but before spring/summer planting, repeated MJ application (both before winter storage, and before planting) or no MJ application at all. Pine weevil damage was evaluated in a lab and field experiment. We found that the timing and recurrence of MJ treatment affected the amount of damage inflicted by pine weevils in different ways, but these effects were consistent among age cohorts. MJ application before winter storage provided the most effective protection, and this reduction in damage was comparable to that provided by a currently used physical protection method against pine weevil feeding. Our results indicated that MJ can be applied in line with nursery practices (before winter storage) and provides adequate protection for two growing seasons.
A Review of Possible Planetary Atmospheres in the TRAPPIST-1 System
Authors: Turbet Martin , Bolmont Emeline , Bourrier Vincent , Demory Brice-Olivier , Leconte Jérémy , Owen James , Wolf Eric T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTRAPPIST-1 is a fantastic nearby (∼39.14 light years) planetary system made of at least seven transiting terrestrial-size, terrestrial-mass planets all receiving a moderate amount of irradiation. To date, this is the most observationally favourable system of potentially habitable planets known to exist. Since the announcement of the discovery of the TRAPPIST-1 planetary system in 2016, a growing number of techniques and approaches have been used and proposed to characterize its true nature. Here we have compiled a state-of-the-art overview of all the observational and theoretical constraints that have been obtained so far using these techniques and approaches. The goal is to get a better understanding of whether or not TRAPPIST-1 planets can have atmospheres, and if so, what they are made of. For this, we surveyed the literature on TRAPPIST-1 about topics as broad as irradiation environment, planet formation and migration, orbital stability, effects of tides and Transit Timing Variations, transit observations, stellar contamination, density measurements, and numerical climate and escape models. Each of these topics adds a brick to our understanding of the likely—or on the contrary unlikely—atmospheres of the seven known planets of the system. We show that (i) Hubble Space Telescope transit observations, (ii) bulk density measurements comparison with H2-rich planets mass-radius relationships, (iii) atmospheric escape modelling, and (iv) gas accretion modelling altogether offer solid evidence against the presence of hydrogen-dominated—cloud-free and cloudy—atmospheres around TRAPPIST-1 planets. This means that the planets are likely to have either (i) a high molecular weight atmosphere or (ii) no atmosphere at all. There are several key challenges ahead to characterize the bulk composition(s) of the atmospheres (if present) of TRAPPIST-1 planets. The main one so far is characterizing and correcting for the effects of stellar contamination. Fortunately, a new wave of observations with the James Webb Space Telescope and near-infrared high-resolution ground-based spectrographs on existing very large and forthcoming extremely large telescopes will bring significant advances in the coming decade.
It just feels right: an account of expert intuition
Authors: Fridland Ellen , Stichter Matt 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOne of the hallmarks of virtue is reliably acting well. Such reliable success presupposes that an agent (1) is able to recognize the morally salient features of a situation, and the appropriate response to those features and (2) is motivated to act on this knowledge without internal conflict. Furthermore, it is often claimed that the virtuous person can do this (3) in a spontaneous or intuitive manner. While these claims represent an ideal of what it is to have a virtue, it is less clear how to make good on them. That is, how is it actually possible to spontaneously and reliably act well? In this paper, we will lay out a framework for understanding how it is that one could reliably act well in an intuitive manner. We will do this by developing the concept of an action schema, which draws on the philosophical and psychological literature on skill acquisition and self-regulation. In short, we will give an account of how self-regulation, grounded in skillful structures, can allow for the accurate intuitions and flexible expertise required for virtue. While our primary goal in this paper is to provide a positive theory of how virtuous intuitions might be accounted for, we also take ourselves to be raising the bar for what counts as an explanation of reliable and intuitive action in general.
Injectable Biologics for the Treatment of Degenerative Disc Disease
Authors: Matta Ajay , Erwin W. Mark 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Spinal pain and associated disability is a leading cause of morbidity worldwide that has a strong association with degenerative disc disease (DDD). Biologically based therapies to treat DDD face significant challenges posed by the unique milieu of the environment within the intervertebral disc, and many promising therapies are in the early stages of development. Patient selection, reasonable therapeutic goals, approach, and timing will need to be discerned to successfully translate potential therapeutics. This review provides a brief overview of the status of intradiscal biologic therapies.

Recent Findings
Proposed systemic delivery of therapeutic agents has not progressed very much in large part due to the risk of adverse events in remote tissues plus the very limited vascular supply and therefore questionable delivery to the intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus. Intradiscal delivery of therapeutic proteins shows good potential for clinical trials and translation with encouraging results from large animal pre-clinical studies plus an enhanced understanding of the biology of DDD. There are a few cell-based therapies currently under pre-clinical and clinical trial investigation; however, these attempts continue to be hampered by unknown if any, mechanism of action, no downstream detection of transplanted cells, mixed results concerning efficacy, small sample numbers, and a lack of objective evidence of pain mediation.

Summary
Treatment of DDD using biologically based therapeutics is a widely sought-after goal; however, potential therapies need to address pain and disability in larger, well-controlled studies.
Porosity model and pore evolution of transitional shales: an example from the Southern North China Basin
Authors: Yang Xiao-Guang , Guo Shao-Bin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe evolution of shale reservoirs is mainly related to two functions: mechanical compaction controlled by ground stress and chemical compaction controlled by thermal effect. Thermal simulation experiments were conducted to simulate the chemical compaction of marine-continental transitional shale, and X-ray diffraction (XRD), CO2 adsorption, N2 adsorption and high-pressure mercury injection (MIP) were then used to characterize shale diagenesis and porosity. Moreover, simulations of mechanical compaction adhering to mathematical models were performed, and a shale compaction model was proposed considering clay content and kaolinite proportions. The advantage of this model is that the change in shale compressibility, which is caused by the transformation of clay minerals during thermal evolution, may be considered. The combination of the thermal simulation and compaction model may depict the interactions between chemical and mechanical compaction. Such interactions may then express the pore evolution of shale in actual conditions of formation. Accordingly, the obtained results demonstrated that shales having low kaolinite possess higher porosity at the same burial depth and clay mineral content, proving that other clay minerals such as illite–smectite mixed layers (I/S) and illite are conducive to the development of pores. Shales possessing a high clay mineral content have a higher porosity in shallow layers (< 3500 m) and a lower porosity in deep layers (> 3500 m). Both the amount and location of the increase in porosity differ at different geothermal gradients. High geothermal gradients favor the preservation of high porosity in shale at an appropriate Ro. The pore evolution of the marine-continental transitional shale is divided into five stages. Stage 2 possesses an Ro of 1.0%–1.6% and has high porosity along with a high specific surface area. Stage 3 has an Ro of 1.6%–2.0% and contains a higher porosity with a low specific surface area. Finally, Stage 4 has an Ro of 2.0%–2.9% with a low porosity and high specific surface area.
The Dynamics of U.S. Household Economic Circumstances Around a Birth
Authors: Stanczyk Alexandra B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWith the arrival of an infant, many households face increased demands on resources, changes in the composition of income, and a potentially heightened risk of income inadequacy. Changing household economic circumstances around a birth have implications for child and family well-being, women’s economic security, and public program design, yet have received little research attention in the United States. Using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation, this study provides new descriptive evidence of month-to-month changes in household income adequacy and the composition of household income in the year before and after a birth. Results show evidence of significant declines in household income adequacy in the months around a birth, particularly for single mothers who live without other adults. Income from public benefit programs buffers but does not eliminate declines in income adequacy. Results have implications for policies targeted at this period, including public benefit and parental leave programs.
New insight and future perspective of mesothelin-targeted agents in nuclear medicine
Authors: Conte Miriam , Frantellizzi Viviana , Matto Antonio , De Vincentis Giuseppe 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this review is to summarize the main applications of mesothelin-targeting agents in the diagnosis of different types of cancers with a brief mention of nuclear magnetic resonance.

Methods
The articles taken into account were selected from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences, including research articles and abstracts that deal with radioimmunotherapy and new tracers for nuclear medicine and radiodiagnosis. Articles that are not in English have been excluded.

Results
Mesothelin-targeting agents were the subject of the selected articles in which tracers as 64Cu-DOTA-11-25mAb anti MSLN, 111In-MORAb-009-CHX-A″, 89Zr-MMOT0530A, 111In-amatuximab, 99mTc-A1, 89Zr-AMA, 89Zr-amatuximab, 64Cu-amatuximab, 89Zr-labeled MMOT0530A and 89Zr-B3 found application in detection of malignancies that overexpressed mesothelin. Only one article approached magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnosis using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles linked to anti-mesothelin antibodies. The tracers proved to be highly sensitive in detecting mesothelin positive cells. 89Zr-labeled MMOT0530A could also be used to predict the suitability of patients to radioimmunotherapy.

Conclusions
Radiolabeled anti-mesothelin antibodies could be crucial as a treatment tool and for predicting the eligibility and the response of the patient to radioimmunotherapy through the study of the expression grade of mesothelin. They can be a relevant tool for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, lung cancer, human epidermoid carcinoma, ovarian cancer, malignant mesothelioma in which mesothelin is widely expressed.
Primary hemiarthroplasty for the elderly patient with cognitive dysfunction and a displaced femoral neck fracture: a prospective, observational cohort study
Authors: Chammout Ghazi , Kelly-Pettersson Paula , Hedbeck Carl-Johan , Bodén Henrik , Stark André , Mukka Sebastian , Sköldenberg Olof 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
At least one-third of hip fracture patients have some degree of impaired cognitive status, which may complicate their postoperative rehabilitation.

Aim
We aimed to describe the outcome for elderly patients with cognitive dysfunction operated with hemiarthroplasty (HA) for a femoral neck fracture and to study the impact postoperative geriatric rehabilitation has on functional outcome up to 1 year after surgery.

Methods
98 patients with a displaced femoral neck fracture with a mean age of 86 years were included and followed up to 1 year. The outcomes were hip-related complications and reoperations, the capacity to return to previous walking ability, health-related quality of life, hip function and mortality.

Results
The prevalence of hip complications leading to a major reoperation was 6% and the 1-year mortality rate was 31%. The lack of geriatric rehabilitation was correlated with poorer outcomes overall and those who receive geriatric rehabilitation were less likely to be confined to a wheelchair or bedridden at the 1-year follow-up.

Conclusions
Hemiarthroplasty is an acceptable option for elderly patients with a displaced femoral neck fracture and cognitive dysfunction. A lack of structured rehabilitation is associated with a significant deterioration in walking ability despite a well-functioning hip. However, the causality of this could be due to selection bias of healthier patients being sent to geriatric rehabilitation.
Quick-Erect Stopping System for Radiation Protection and Mine Rescue in Small-scale Mining
Authors: Dehnert Jörg , Stopp Jens , Windisch Peter , Schönherrt Bernd 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Quick-Erect Stopping System (QESS) offers a new way of reducing the radon exposures of miners in Germany, especially during remediation work in old mines. The QESS is a light-weight, modular, and reusable construction kit of interlocking telescopic aluminum tubes, radon-proof foil, and expanding foam. It is designed to seal off radon-rich parts of galleries within only a few minutes. Originally, the QESS was developed to protect miners against radon exposures. Then, the QESS found the attention of several mine rescue teams at a German mining conference. The Student Mine Rescue of the Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg and the Wismut Mine Rescue carried out first mine rescue drills in Freiberg and Schlema. Additionally, a mine rescue drill was carried out by the Front Range Mine Rescue in the Edgar Experimental Mine of the Colorado School of Mines. These drills helped to improve the system and highlighted its potential for mine rescue operations. Now, the QESS is well-suited for small-scale mining. The QESS can be used to seal off galleries in only a few minutes to both protect miners from radon exposures and to support mine rescue operations. Moreover, the QESS was also successfully used in ventilation experiments.
On Social Defeat
Authors: Madison B. J. C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInfluential cases have been provided that seem to suggest that one can fail to have knowledge because of the social environment. If not a distinct kind of social defeater, is there a uniquely social phenomenon that defeats knowledge? My aim in this paper is to explore these questions. I shall argue that despite initial appearances to the contrary, we have no reason to accept a special class of social defeater, nor any essentially social defeat phenomenon. We can explain putative cases of social defeat with our existing epistemological apparatus.
Intake of Calanus finmarchicus oil for 12 weeks improves omega-3 index in healthy older subjects engaging in an exercise programme
Authors: Wasserfurth Paulina , Nebl Josefine , Boßlau Tim Konstantin , Krüger Karsten , Hahn Andreas , Schuchardt Jan Philipp 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe n-3 PUFA, EPA and DHA, play an important role in human health. As the intake of EPA and DHA from the diet is often inadequate, supplementation of those fatty acids is recommended. A novel source of n-3 PUFA is Calanus finmarchicus oil (CO) which contains fatty acids mainly bound in wax esters. To date, no data are available on the effects of long-term intake of this marine oil on n-3 PUFA blood levels. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CO on the n-3 PUFA blood levels using the omega-3 index (O3I). The data originate from a larger randomised controlled trial. For this analysis, samples from seventy-two participants (59·2 (sd 6·2) years, BMI 27·7 (sd 5·28) kg/m2) were analysed. Of those, thirty-six performed 2×/week exercise and received 2 g of CO, which provided 124 mg stearidonic acid (SDA), 109 mg EPA and 87 mg DHA daily (EXCO group), while the other group performed exercise only (EX group) and served as a control for this analysis. The O3I increased from 6·07 (sd 1·29) % at baseline to 7·37 (sd 1·10) % after 12 weeks within the EXCO group (P < 0·001), while there were no significant changes in the EX group (6·01 (sd 1·26)–6·15 (sd 1·32) %, P = 0·238). These data provide first evidence that wax ester-bound n-3 PUFA from CO can significantly increase the O3I despite relatively low EPA + DHA amounts. Further, the effects of exercise could be excluded.
Self-compassion and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity during sad self-face recognition in depressed adolescents
Authors: Liu Guanmin , Zhang Na , Teoh Jia Yuan , Egan Christine , Zeffiro Thomas A. , Davidson Richard J. , Quevedo Karina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundGiven the prevalence of adolescent depression and the modest effects of current treatments, research ought to inform development of effective intervention strategies. Self-compassion is inversely associated with depression, and self-compassion interventions have demonstrated promising effects on reducing depression. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying that relationship. Maladaptive self-processing is a characteristic of depression that contributes to the onset and chronicity of depression. Because our own face is an automatic and direct cue for self-processing, this study investigated whether self-compassion was associated with neural responses during sad v. neutral self-face recognition and explore their relationship with depression severity in depressed adolescents and healthy controls (HCs).MethodsDuring functional magnetic resonance imaging, 81 depressed youth and 37 HCs were instructed to identify whether morphed self or other faces with sad, happy, or neutral expressions resembled their own.ResultsSelf-compassion correlated negatively with activity during sad v. neutral self-face recognition in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex in the total sample, and in the right posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus in HCs, respectively. In depressed adolescents, higher self-compassion correlated with lower activity during sad v. neutral self-face recognition in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), implying that less cognitive effort might be needed to avoid dwelling on sad self-faces and/or regulate negative affect induced by them. Moreover, higher self-compassion mediated the relationship between lower DLPFC activity and reduced depression severity.ConclusionsOur findings imply that DLPFC activity might be a biological marker of a successful self-compassion intervention as potential treatment for adolescent depression.
The historical development of inverse marking in Khroskyabs: evidence from two modern varieties – Siyuewu and Wobzi
Authors: Lai Yunfan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper describes the inverse marking systems of two closely related Khroskyabs varieties, Siyuewu and Wobzi, and hypothesizes the historical development of the Khroskyabs inverse marking system. I propose that a hypothetical prefix, *Cə-, which is probably related to the second person markers attested in many Trans-Himalayan languages, existed in Proto-Khroskyabs, and that it has different reflexes in the two modern Khroskyabs varieties.