bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paludisphaera
Authors: Dedysh Svetlana N. , Ivanova Anastasia A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Pa.lu.di.sphae'ra. L. n.
palus ‐udis
a swamp, marsh; L. fem. n.
sphaera
a ball, globe sphere; N.L. fem. n.
Paludisphaera
a spherical cell from wetland.

Planctomycetes / Planctomycetia / Isosphaerales / Isosphaeraceae / Paludisphaera

The genus
Paludisphaera
is represented by stalk‐free planctomycetes with spherical cells, which occur singly, in pairs, short chains, or in shapeless aggregates. Cells are covered with crateriform structures, which are scattered over the whole cell surface. Cell division occurs by means of budding; daughter cells are nonmotile. Members of the genus are mesophilic to psychrotolerant, moderately acidophilic, and chemoorganotrophic aerobes, which are also capable of growth in microaerobic conditions. Most sugars and a number of polysaccharides including pectin, xylan, lichenan, and Phytagel are used as growth substrates. This genus is a member of the phylum
Planctomycetes
, class
Planctomycetia,
order
Isosphaerales
, and family
Isosphaeraceae
. Representatives of this genus are common inhabitants of boreal and tundra wetlands.

DNA G
+
C content
(
mol
%): 66.0 (genome sequence).

Type species
:
Paludisphaera borealis
Kulichevskaya et al. 2016
VP
.
Clinical Team Perspectives on the Psychosocial Aspects of Transition to Adult Care for Patients With Childhood‐Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Bitencourt Nicole , Kramer Justin , Bermas Bonnie L. , Solow E. Blair , Wright Tracey , Makris Una E. 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveThe transition from pediatric to adult care for youth with childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a vulnerable period. Adverse outcomes during this transition include gaps in care, unscheduled health care utilization, loss of insurance, and high disease activity. The objective of this study was to examine the clinical care teams’ perspective on the psychosocial factors associated with transition outcomes, which are poorly understood in this population.MethodsWe conducted in‐depth interviews with clinical care team members who interact with childhood‐onset SLE patients during transfer from pediatric to adult rheumatology. A semistructured interview guide was used to prompt participants’ perspectives about the psychosocial factors associated with the transition process for patients with childhood‐onset SLE. Audio recordings were transcribed and analyzed using the constant comparative method. We stopped conducting interviews once thematic saturation was achieved.ResultsThirteen in‐depth interviews were conducted. Participants included pediatric rheumatologists (n = 4), adult rheumatologists from both academic and private practice settings (n = 4), nurses (n = 2), a nurse practitioner, a social worker, and a psychologist. We identified several themes deemed by clinical care teams as important during the transition, including the impact of the family, patient resilience and coping mechanisms, the role of mental health and emotional support, and the need for education, peer support, and social connectedness.ConclusionWe identified several psychosocial themes that clinical team members believe impact the transition of patients with childhood‐onset SLE into adult care. The role of parental modeling, youth resilience, mental health and emotional care, improved childhood‐onset SLE education, and structured peer support and social connectedness are highlighted, which may be amenable to interventions.
Maximum likelihood‐based adaptive differential evolution identification algorithm for multivariable systems in the state‐space form
Authors: Cui Ting , Xu Ling , Ding Feng , Alsaedi Ahmed , Hayat Tasawar 
Published: September 2020

SummaryParameter estimation plays an important role in the field of system control. This article is concerned with the parameter estimation methods for multivariable systems in the state‐space form. For the sake of solving the identification complexity caused by a large number of parameters in multivariable systems, we decompose the original multivariable system into some subsystems containing fewer parameters and study identification algorithms to estimate the parameters of each subsystem. By taking the maximum likelihood criterion function as the fitness function of the differential evolution algorithm, we present a maximum likelihood‐based differential evolution (ML‐DE) algorithm for parameter estimation. To improve the parameter estimation accuracy, we introduce the adaptive mutation factor and the adaptive crossover factor into the ML‐DE algorithm and propose a maximum likelihood‐based adaptive differential evolution algorithm. The simulation study indicates the efficiency of the proposed algorithms.
Robust integrated covariance intersection fusion Kalman estimators for networked systems with random measurement delays, multiplicative noises, and uncertain noise variances
Authors: Ran Chenjian , Deng Zili 
Published: September 2020

SummaryIn this article, the robust distributed fusion Kalman filtering problems are addressed for the networked mixed uncertain multisensor systems with random one‐step measurement delays, multiplicative noises, and uncertain noise variances. A new augmented state approach with fictitious measurement noises modeled by the first‐order moving average models is presented, by which the original system is transformed into a standard uncertain system only with uncertain‐variance fictitious white noises. Based on the minimax robust estimation principle and Kalman filtering theory, a universal integrated covariance intersection (ICI) fusion approach is presented in the sense that first of all the robust local estimators and their conservative error variances and crosscovariances are presented, and then integrating the local estimation information yields ICI fusers. An extended Lyapunov equation approach with two kinds of Lyapunov equations is presented in order to prove the robustness and to compute fictitious noise statistics. Applying these approaches, the minimax robust local, ICI, and fast ICI fused Kalman estimators (predictor, filter, and smoother) are presented, such that for all admissible uncertainties, their actual estimation error variances are guaranteed to have the corresponding minimal upper bounds. Their robustness, accuracy relations, and convergence are also proved. The proposed ICI fusers improve the robust accuracies and overcome the drawbacks of the original covariance intersection fusers, such that the robust local estimators and their conservative variances are assumed to be known, and their conservative crosscovariances are ignored. Two simulation examples applied to the offshore platform system verify their correctness, effectiveness, and applicability.
2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Heterostructures for p‐ and n‐Type Photovoltaic Self‐Powered Gas Sensor
Authors: Kim Youngjun , Lee Sangyoon , Song Jeong‐Gyu , Ko Kyung Yong , Woo Whang Je , Lee Suk Woo , Park Minwoo , Lee Hoonkyung , Lee Zonghoon , Choi Hyunyong , Kim Woo‐Hee , Park Jusang , Kim Hyungjun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted much attention for their gas sensing applications due to their superior responsivity at typical room temperature. However, low power consumption and reliable selectivity are the two main requirements for gas sensors to be applicable in future electronic devices. Herein, a p‐type (WSe2/WS2) and n‐type (MoS2/WSe2) photovoltaic self‐powered gas sensor is demonstrated using 2D TMD heterostructures for the first time. The gas sensors are operated by the photovoltaic effect of 2D TMD heterostructures, which are uniformly synthesized by the vacuum‐based synthesis. The gas sensing properties of the WSe2/WS2 and MoS2/WSe2 heterostructure gas sensors are investigated for NO2 and NH3 with changing gas concentration, and each sensor exhibits selectivity to NO2 and NH3. From the results, it is confirmed that the 2D TMD heterostructures can be a viable platform for highly sensitive, selective gas sensor applications without external bias due to their photovoltaic features. Further, this study contributes toward revealing the gas sensor mechanism in 2D TMD heterostructure.
Structural Instability in Electrically Stressed, Oxygen Deficient BaTiO3 Nanocrystals
Authors: Tian Xinchun , Brennecka Geoff L. , Tan Xiaoli 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe dynamics of oxygen vacancies under external stimuli dominates the performance of many solid‐state devices, including capacitors, oxide memristors, anionic conductors, etc. By means of in situ transmission electron microscopy, it is found in BaTiO3 perovskite nanocrystals that formation of oxygen vacancies due to electrical stressing renders the oxide amorphizable under electron beam illumination, suggesting the presence of a threshold concentration of oxygen vacancy affecting the structural stability of BaTiO3 crystals upon high energy radiation. In contrast to the structural change, the resistivity of the nanocrystal seems not liable to the amorphization prior to dielectric breakdown at higher voltage bias. It is proposed that an increase in oxygen vacancy content promotes oxygen mobility in the perovskite structure allowing electron beam induced electric field to modify the local structure and composition. The in situ observations reveal the central role of oxygen vacancies in the structural stability of perovskites which is of paramount importance to their applications in extreme environments and suggest a potential new route to micro‐processing perovskite oxides using the electron beam via oxygen vacancy management without severely compromising the electric property.
Bifacial Multilayer Graphene Float Transfer
Authors: Andrade Joseph A. , Folkson Jan , Boukhicha Mohamed , Carr Amanda J. , Eisaman Matthew D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA method for graphene transfer which is referred to as “bifacial transfer” that allows transfer of multilayer chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene from both sides of a native metal substrate, such as an as‐received nickel catalyst, is presented. In traditional transfer methods, the graphene on the “non‐preferred” side, that is, the bottom of the substrate, is removed with oxygen plasma before removal of the metal catalyst in etchant solution. Although this treatment prevents undesired aggregation of the graphene films, it fails to utilize both sides of CVD‐grown graphene. The bifacial transfer method reduces the cost of multilayer graphene by allowing the transfer of graphene from both sides of the substrate. The quality of graphene transferred from both sides onto target glass and polymer substrates is compared. The results of optical microscopy, confocal Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and electronic transport measurements suggest that the quality of the multilayer graphene on the “non‐preferred” side does not differ significantly from that of the “preferred” side. This method will allow more efficient and cost‐effective use of graphene by doubling the usable graphene per area of growth substrate, and by eliminating the need for intermediate sacrificial transfer substrates such as poly(methyl methacrylate).
Flexible Color‐Tunable Electroluminescent Devices by Designing Dielectric‐Distinguishing Double‐Stacked Emissive Layers
Authors: Zuo Yong , Shi Xiang , Zhou Xufeng , Xu Xiaojie , Wang Jun , Chen Peining , Sun Xuemei , Peng Huisheng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntrinsically flexible alternating current electroluminescent devices have sparked widespread research interest due to their tremendous potential in bioinspired electronics, smart wearables, and human–machine interfaces. In these applications, it is highly desirable to possess real‐time color tunability but this has not been reported yet. Herein, a flexible color‐tunable electroluminescent device composed of simple double‐stacked emissive layers of ZnS phosphors/dielectric polymer composite is developed by an all‐solution processable method. The color tuning capability can be attributed to the dielectric difference between the two emissive layers, leading to the color combination between two independent emissions originating from different ZnS phosphors at varied electric fields. With the rational selection of the dielectric polymer matrices, a wide‐range color tuning from orange to white and to blue can be realized in a single device just by varying the electric field. It also exhibits high mechanical robustness with well‐maintained performance even after 1000 cycles of bending. Similar natural functionalities like camouflage and visual communication can be further reproduced in the artificial color‐tunable system, thereby opening a general and effective avenue for developing smart wearables and soft electronics.
2D Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Single Crystal Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Liu Fengjing , Wang Liang , Wang Jiawei , Wang Feng , Chen Yiyi , Zhang Shuai , Sun Huijuan , Liu Jia , Wang Gongtang , Hu Yuanyuan , Jiang Chao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites (2D PVKs) have attracted huge interest because of their excellent optoelectronic properties, yet the understanding of their electrical properties is inadequate due to the difficulties in obtaining 2D PVK field‐effect transistors (FETs) with decent performance. Herein, the fabrication and characterization of 2D PVK ((BA)2(MA)n−1PbnI3n+1) single crystal FETs are reported, which exhibit reliable field effect electrical characteristics at low temperatures. Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) results reveal that both ion migration and contact resistance seriously degrade device performance. While ion migration can be suppressed at low temperatures, contact resistance seems to fundamentally determine device performance. On one hand, Schottky contacts are observed to form at the metal/2D PVK interface because of Fermi level pinning, resulting in significant charge injection resistance, although this can be remarkably improved by replacing Au electrodes with Ca. On the other hand, the out‐of‐plane mobility is found to be three orders of magnitude lower than the in‐plane mobility in 2D PVKs, causing large interlayer transport resistance. Thus, a low work‐function metal and a thin crystal are important for achieving high device performance. This work provides important experimental insights into fabrication and electrical properties of 2D PVK FETs.
Lewis Acid–Base Interactions between Polysulfides and Boehmite Enables Stable Room‐Temperature Sodium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Ghosh Arnab , Kumar Ajit , Das Tisita , Ghosh Arpita , Chakraborty Sudip , Kar Mega , MacFarlane Douglas R. , Mitra Sagar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRoom‐temperature sodium–sulfur (RT Na–S) batteries are among the ideal candidates for grid‐scale energy storage due to their high theoretical energy density. However, rapid dissolution of polysulfides along with extremely slow redox kinetics lead to a low practical cell capacity and inferior cycling stability, inhibiting their practical applications. Herein, an innovative design strategy is introduced for a chemical and structural synergistic immobilization of sodium‐polysulfides in the cathode structure. An aluminum oxyhydroxide (AlOOH) nanosheets decorated sulfur/carbon black nanocomposite (S@CB@AlOOH) is used as an efficient cathode material for stable RT Na–S batteries. The cathode material exhibits extremely stable cycling performance, delivering an initial specific capacity of 392 mA h g–1and retains 378 mA h g–1after 500 cycles at 1C. The excellent performance is attributed to the synergistic effect of the structural encapsulation as well as chemical immobilization of polysulfides, significantly suppressing their gradual dissolution into liquid electrolyte. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that through favorable Lewis acid–base interactions, AlOOH catalyzes the redox conversion of the higher‐order polysulfides (Na2Sn, 6 ≤n≤ 8) to the lower‐order polysulfides (Na2Sx, 1 ≤x≤ 2). The importance of Lewis acid–base catalysis to enhance the overall performance of these batteries is demonstrated.
Leachable‐Free Fabrication of Hydrogel Foams Enabling Homogeneous Viability of Encapsulated Cells in Large‐Volume Constructs
Authors: Salvador Tânia , Oliveira Mariana B. , Mano João F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe popularity of cell‐laden injectable hydrogels has steeply increased due to their compatibility with minimally invasive surgical procedures. However, the diffusion of indispensable molecules for cell survival through bulk hydrogel structures, particularly oxygen, is often limited to micrometric distances, often hampering cell viability or uniform tissue formation in constructs with clinically relevant sizes. The introduction of micropores in hydrogels or the use of oxygen‐generating materials has enabled combining advantages of porous 3D scaffolds with the injectability properties of in situ‐solidifying hydrogels. Here, cell‐laden injectable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) foams are fabricated using a single polymer formulation. Air bubbles are introduced into GelMA solutions using a simple‐to‐implement method based on pulling/pushing the solution through a syringe. Human mesenchymal stem cells derived from the adipose tissue (hASCs) cultured in bulk hydrogels (diameter c.a. 5 mm) show low permanence in the core of the materials and stain for factors associated to hypoxia (hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 alpha (HIF‐1α)) after 7 days of culture. In opposition, cells cultured in optimized foams do not stain for HIF‐1α, show high permanence, homogeneous viability, and consistent phenotype in the whole depth of the biomaterials, while secreting increased amounts of regenerative growth factors to the surrounding medium.
Pyrolytic Carbon Nanograss Enhances Neurogenesis and Dopaminergic Differentiation of Human Midbrain Neural Stem Cells
Authors: Asif Afia , García‐López Silvia , Heiskanen Arto , Martínez‐Serrano Alberto , Keller Stephan S. , Pereira Marta P. , Emnéus Jenny 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAdvancements in research on the interaction of human neural stem cells (hNSCs) with nanotopographies and biomaterials are enhancing the ability to influence cell migration, proliferation, gene expression, and tailored differentiation toward desired phenotypes. Here, the fabrication of pyrolytic carbon nanograss (CNG) nanotopographies is reported and demonstrated that these can be employed as cell substrates boosting hNSCs differentiation into dopaminergic neurons (DAn), a long‐time pursued goal in regenerative medicine based on cell replacement. In the near future, such structures can play a crucial role in the near future for stem‐cell based cell replacement therapy (CRT) and bio‐implants for Parkinson's disease (PD). The unique combination of randomly distributed nanograss topographies and biocompatible pyrolytic carbon material is optimized to provide suitable mechano‐material cues for hNSCs adhesion, division, and DAn differentiation of midbrain hNSCs. The results show that in the presence of the biocoating poly‐L‐lysine (PLL), the CNG enhances hNSCs neurogenesis up to 2.3‐fold and DAn differentiation up to 3.5‐fold. Moreover, for the first time, consistent evidence is provided, that CNGs without any PLL coating are not only supporting cell survival but also lead to significantly enhanced neurogenesis and promote hNSCs to acquire dopaminergic phenotype compared to PLL coated topographies.
The Link between Ag‐Paste Rheology and Screen‐Printed Solar Cell Metallization
Authors: Tepner Sebastian , Wengenmeyr Noah , Linse Michael , Lorenz Andreas , Pospischil Maximilian , Clement Florian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractToday's photovoltaic production chain is moving into a material crisis as the use of silver for front‐side metallization of passivated emitter and rear contact solar cells remains a crucial requirement. The shared effort of the scientific and industrial community to further reduce Ag‐consumption as much as possible without compromising cell efficiency has become more challenging in recent years. Further improvements require a deep understanding on the paste‐screen interaction at narrow line widths. This study presents the impact of Ag‐paste rheology on fine line screen printing for screen openings between 15 and 24 µm at industrial printing speeds of up to 600 mm s−1. A clear trade‐off is there between maintaining a sufficient reproducibility of the screen printing process and achieving an optimized printed Ag‐electrode geometry, thus optimal Ag‐consumption. Further, a correlation between the work of adhesion at the paste–wire interface and the resulting deviation of the printed electrode height is discovered, highlighting the importance of an advanced screen optimization for the future of fine line screen printing. Finally, an easy to use method for analyzing the reproducibility of printed Ag‐electrode geometries even for lab‐scale data sets is presented.
Flexible Polypyrrole@Fe2O3@Stainless Steel Yarn Composite Electrode for Symmetric Thread‐Like Supercapacitor with Extended Operating Voltage Window in Li2SO4‐Based Aqueous Electrolyte
Authors: Zuo Wusheng , Zang Limin , Wang Xue , Liu Qifan , Qiu Jianhui , Liang Chunliu , Liu Xin , Yang Chao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA flexible symmetric thread‐like supercapacitor (TSC) with high operating voltage window and good electrochemical performance is manufactured, that fulfills the requirements of wearable electronics. First, iron oxide (Fe2O3) nanosheets are directly grown in situ on the surface of stainless steel yarn (SSY) by an acid corrosion and self‐oxidation process, and then a polypyrrole (PPy) coating is covered on the surface of Fe2O3 nanosheets via chemical oxide method to obtain the thread‐like PPy@Fe2O3@SSY composite electrode. The electrode achieves a wide potential range of −1.0–0.8 V (versus Ag/AgCl) and a high areal specific capacitance of 667.8 mF cm−2 with outstanding galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling stability of 87.5% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles in 1 m lithium sulfate (Li2SO4) aqueous solution. The symmetric TSC based on the PPy@Fe2O3@SSY electrode and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt/Li2SO4 gel electrolyte exhibits a wide operating voltage window of 1.8 V, and its maximum energy density can reach 39.3 μWh cm−2. Additionally, the TSC demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance under various bending states and a bending cycling test. The preparation method and raw materials are low‐cost and scalable, and the overall performance of the TSC is excellent, which makes this device a promising energy storage device for wearable electronics.
3D Bioinspired Microstructures for Switchable Repellency in both Air and Liquid
Authors: Liu Xiaojiang , Gu Hongcheng , Ding Haibo , Du Xin , Wei Mengxiao , Chen Qiang , Gu Zhongze 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn addition to superhydrophobicity/superoleophobicity, surfaces with switchable water/oil repellency have also aroused considerable attention because of their potential values in microreactors, sensors, and microfluidics. Nevertheless, almost all those as‐prepared surfaces are only applicable for liquids with higher surface tension (γ > 25.0 mN m−1) in air. In this work, inspired by some natural models, such as lotus leaf, springtail skin, and filefish skin, switchable repellency for liquids (γ = 12.0–72.8 mN m−1) in both air and liquid is realized via employing 3D deformable multiply re‐entrant microstructures. Herein, the microstructures are fabricated by a two‐photon polymerization based 3D printing technique and the reversible deformation is elaborately tuned by evaporation‐induced bending and immersion‐induced fast recovery (within 30 s). Based on 3D controlled microstructural architectures, this work offers an insightful explanation of repellency/penetration behavior at any three‐phase interface and starts some novel ideas for manipulating opposite repellency by designing/fabricating stimuli‐responsive microstructures.