bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new bivariate Archimedean copula with application to the evaluation of VaR
Authors: Topcu Guloksuz Cigdem , Kumar Pranesh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a new generator function is proposed and based on this function a new Archimedean copula is introduced. The new Archimedean copula along with three representatives of Archimedean copula family which are Clayton, Gumbel and Frank copulas are considered as models for the dependence structure between the returns of two stocks. These copula models are used to simulate daily log-returns based on Monte Carlo (MC) method for calculating value at risk (VaR) of the financial portfolio which consists of two market indices, Ford and General Motor Company. The results are compared with the traditional MC simulation method with the bivariate normal assumption as a model of the returns. Based on the backtesting results, describing the dependence structure between the returns by the proposed Archimedean copula provides more reliable results over the considered models in calculating VaR of the studied portfolio.
The effect of price discrimination on dynamic duopoly games with bounded rationality
Authors: Song Qi-Qing , Zhang Wei-li , Jiang Yi-Rong , Geng Juan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In a homogenous product market, customers’ different demand elasticities may lead to different prices. This study examined price discrimination’s effect on equilibrium points in Cournot duopoly games by assuming that each firm charges K prices and adjusts its strategies based on bounded rationality. In consideration of price discrimination, two discrete dynamic game systems with 2K variables were introduced for players with homogenous or heterogenous expectations. The stability of the Nash equilibrium point was found to be independent of price discrimination. Given price discrimination, the stability of boundary stationary points for the system with homogenous players is different from that for the system with heterogenous players. Numerical simulations verified the critical point for the system with homogenous players from being stable to its bifurcation.
Solubility of Gold in Common Gold-Concentrating Minerals
Authors: Tauson V.L. , Lipko S.V. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
—The paper is a summary of the authors’ and published data on the occurrence of Au in common gold-concentrating minerals (pyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, bornite, galena, sphalerite, and magnetite). The solubility of gold in minerals is evaluated through identification of the limiting element incorporation into the real crystal. The distribution of gold between coexisting minerals is considered. Obtaining reliable data on the gold solubility involves discrimination of the structural form of the element and correct separation of Au forms between the surface and the volume, which is not always possible because of the small size and low quality of crystals (defects and highly developed internal surfaces). It is also necessary to have a phase (individual or nonautonomous) limiting the incorporation of Au or to compare the mineral under study (within the framework of the principle of phase composition correlation) with a reference mineral with a reliably established structural form of Au. The most reliable and consistent estimates for the hydrothermal parameters (450–500 ºC, 1 kbar) are as follows (µg/g): sphalerite – 0.7, highly ferrous sphalerite – 5, magnetite – 1, pyrite – 3, manganese and copper-containing pyrite – 10, pyrrhotite – 21, chalcopyrite – 110, bornite – 140, and galena – 240. The highest solubility of gold (up to 30,000 µg/g) is established in arsenopyrite, but it is likely to be a metastable miscibility caused by the nonstationary conditions of crystal growth or by the crystal growth at the expense of the surficial nonautonomous phase. The same factors can cause supersaturation of pyrite with Au admixture at low temperatures. The dual behavior of Au in pyrrhotite and magnetite is for a different reason: Under reducing conditions, these minerals can contain a submicroscopic elemental form of Au indistinguishable from the structural one. We consider the forms of Au occurrence and the relationship between the solubility of gold and its metallic bonds in minerals.
Elektronische Schuldverschreibungen auf den Inhaber – des Wertpapiers neue Kleider
Authors: Linardatos Dimitrios 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Das BMJV und das BMF haben am 11. 8. 2020 einen gemeinsamen Referentenentwurf zur Einführung von elektronischen Wertpapieren (eWpG-E) veröffentlicht. Ziel ist es, den Emittenten die Option zu eröffnen, Schuldverschreibungen auf den Inhaber unter Verzicht auf eine Skriptur durch Eintragung in ein elektronisches Wertpapier zu begeben. Unternehmen sollen sich dadurch effizienter finanzieren können, indem eine kostengünstige Aufbewahrung und Lieferung von Wertpapieren ermöglicht wird. Dieser Schritt zu Gunsten eines digitalen Effektenverkehrs ist richtig und wichtig. Emittenten müssen dadurch nicht mehr den Umweg über das europäische Ausland gehen, um elektronische Schuldverschreibungen zu begeben. Es bleibt jedoch noch die Aufgabe, die Reform des deutschen Wertpapierrechts im Detail stringent zu verwirklichen. Der Beitrag wirft dafür einige Schlaglichter auf die sachenrechtlichen Regelungskomplexe des Referentenentwurfs und streicht einzelne Stellen mit Verbesserungspotenzial heraus.
Navigating uncertainty: an examination of how people with haemophilia understand and cope with uncertainty in protection in an ethnographic study
Authors: Hughes Thomas , Brok-Kristensen Mikkel , Gargeya Yosha , Worsøe Lottrup Anne Mette , Bo Larsen Ask , Torres-Ortuño Ana , Mackett Nicki , Stevens John 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
With the major advances in treatment of haemophilia in recent decades, people with haemophilia (PwH) are more protected in their daily lives than ever before. However, recent studies point to persisting or increasing patient experience of uncertainty.

Aims
The aim of this article is to further investigate findings related to how PwH understand and cope with uncertainty around their protection in their everyday life, one of the main themes identified in a large-scale ethnographic study of the everyday life of PwH, including beliefs and experiences related to their condition, their treatment, and their personal ways of managing the condition.

Methods
The study used ethnographic research methods. Five haemophilia experts provided historical and disease area context prior to the initiation of field research. During field research, study researchers collected data through 8–12 hours of participant observation, semi-structured interviews, written exercises, facilitated group dialogues, and on-site observations of the interactions of PwH with friends, family, and health care professionals (HCPs). Study researchers also conducted on-site observation at haemophilia treatment centres (HTCs) and interviewed HCPs. The study employed a multi-tiered grounded theory approach and combined data were analysed using techniques such as inductive and deductive analysis, cross-case analysis, challenge mapping, and clustering exercises. This article explores findings related to uncertainty and thus focuses on a subset of the data from the study.

Results
Fifty-one PwH in Italy, Germany, Spain, UK, and Ireland were interviewed and followed in their daily lives, and 18 HCPs were interviewed. Fifty-two per cent (n=26/50) of PwH in the study experience difficulties translating clinical understanding of protection into specific activities in everyday life. Many have developed their own mental models and care adaptations to navigate treatment uncertainy: these seldom match the medical community's view. These mental models of protection among PwH can cause distress and influence behaviour in a way that can limit possibilities, and/or increase risk. There is also a prevalent tension in the strategies PwH have for managing their protection in terms of day-to-day vs. long-term ambitions.

Conclusions
These findings on PwH's experience of treatment uncertainty suggest a need to develop tools and communication materials to help PwH better understand the protection provided by their treatment regimen and what that means practically for everyday life.
Note sur un matériel céramique rare en Ifriqiya : La cuerda seca de Sabra al- Mansouriyya
Authors: Gragueb Soundes 
Published: December 2020

La cité princière de Ṣabra al-Manṣūriyya, située à 1 km au sud de la ville de Kairouan; a été la capitale des Fatimides de l’Ifrīqiya de 947 à 973 J.-C., puis celle de leurs successeurs les Zirides, jusqu’au milieu du XIe siècle, avant de succomber sous les effets des invasions hilaliennes en 1057 J.-C. Les recherches archéologiques menées sur ce site de référence depuis les années vingt du siècle dernier et jusqu’aux dernières campagnes de fouilles réalisées dans le cadre du projet franco-tunisien de 2003 à 2006, ont livré un abondant matériel céramique s’étendant du Xe jusqu’au XIIIe siècle. Dans son ensemble, le lot découvert est dominé dans sa majorité par des productions calcaires et culinaires. Par ailleurs, il convient de mentionner la présence de plusieurs types de productions rares, dont la cuerda seca, objet de cette étude. Il s’agit donc de retracer les traits caractéristiques de cette production et de s’interroger sur sa nature, son origine et sa chronologie. L’essentiel de cette approche est illustré par une pièce rare découverte ces dernières années sur le site même de la ville disparue.
Two Empirical Double-Corner-Frequency Source Spectra and Their Physical Implications
Authors: Ji Chen , Archuleta Ralph J. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTWe introduce double-corner-frequency (DCF) source spectral models JA19 and JA19_2S, which, in conjunction with a stochastic ground-motion model, can reproduce the mean peak ground acceleration (PGA) and mean peak ground velocity (PGV) of the Next Generation Attenuation-West 2 database for magnitudes 3.3–7.3. Their displacement amplitude spectrum remains constant for frequencies less than fc1, decays as f−1 between fc1 and fc2, and decays as f−2 for frequencies greater than fc2. The model JA19 is self-similar. Its two corner frequencies fc1 and fc2 scale with moment magnitude (M) as (1) log(fc1(M))=1.754−0.5M and (2) log(fc2(M))=3.250−0.5M. We find that relation (1) is consistent with the known self-similar scaling relations of the rupture duration (Td), in which Td=1/(πfc1). Relation (2) may reflect the scaling relation of the average rise time (TR), where TR∼0.8/(fc2). Stochastic simulations of ground motion using JA19 cannot reproduce the sharp change in magnitude dependence of PGA and PGV at M 5.3, suggesting a breakdown of self-similarity. The magnitude dependence of PGA and PGV and this change in slope is well explained by JA19_2S, which results from perturbing the fc1 scaling relationship in JA19. For JA19_2S: log(fc1(M))=1.474−0.415M for M≤5.3; log(fc1(M))=2.375−0.585M for M&gt;5.3. The scaling relation for fc2 is unchanged. When fc1≪fc2, the scaled energy (ratio of radiated energy and seismic moment) scales with M0fc12fc2. The scaled energy of JA19 is 2.2×10−5, independent of magnitude. Because JA19_2S is not self-similar, its scaled energy is 2.2–4.7×10−5, increasing 2.2 times, when magnitude increases from 3.3 to 5.3, and, subsequently decreasing 2.2 times, as magnitude further increases from 5.3 to 7.3. Both agree with the global average (∼3×10−5) reported previously. Using our proposed empirical models, the standard deviation of average static stress drop from seismological studies can be significantly greater than the standard deviation of the stress parameter used to estimate PGA and PGV.
Etiology of vitreous haemorrhage in a tertiary eye care centre of north India
Authors: Dahiya Monika , Pandey Latika , Phogat Jitender , Nada Manisha , Singh S V 
Published: December 2020

To study the etiology of vitreous haemorrhage in a tertiary eye care hospital of North India. A hospital based cross-sectional study was done in RIO, PGIMS Rohtak over a period of over 2 years which included 200 patients presenting with vitreous haemorrhage. All patients were evaluated in detail to establish the etiology of vitreous haemorrhage. The data was analyzed using microsoft excel and SPSS 17.0 software. A total of 200 patient presenting with vitreous haemorrhage involving one or both eyes were evaluated. The mean age of patients was found to be 47.40+19.6 years with a range of 6 months to 85 years. Only 24% cases had bilateral involvement. Male were found to be affected more commonly than females with M:F ratio of 2:1. In more than 85% cases, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, retinal vasculitis, branch retinal vein occlusion, central retinal vein occlusion, retinal tear, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and ocular trauma was the underlying etiology. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy, branch retinal vein occlusion, posterior vitreous detachment with retinal tear are most common causes of vitreous haemorrhage in elderly patients while in young adults, retinal vasculitis is most common cause. While in children, trauma is found to be the most common etiology of vitreous haemorrhage.
Effectiveness of patching and non-patching in treatment of corneal abrasion: A comparative study
Authors: Dutta Saura Kamal , Deka Baby , Deb Shibashis , Goswani Harish , Ahmed Tanveer 
Published: December 2020

The aim was to compare the effectiveness between patching and non-patching in the treatment of non-infected, non-contact lens related traumatic corneal abrasions, as well as of abrasions following foreign body removal. A prospective, controlled, randomized study on 100 patients over 1 year who presented with ocular pain, with a history of trauma or foreign body removal & had corneal abrasion on fluorescein stain. Patients were randomized into two groups: with patch group (receiving an eye patch with topical antibiotics) and no patch group (topical antibiotics with no eye patch) and patients were followed up. Patients with corneal abrasions healed significantly faster and relieved symptomatically in the no patch group. We conclude that routine use of eye patching is not effective in the healing of simple corneal abrasion.
Efeitos da Pandemia de Covid-19 para o(s) desenvolvimento(s): uma análise introdutória sobre a perspectiva gerencial de agências multilaterais internacionais em países subdesenvolvidos
Authors: CARNEIRO ADELE DE TOLEDO 
Published: December 2020

RESUMOO presente artigo conceitual-teórico tem como objetivo investigar as principais condições de atuação de órgãos multilaterais internacionais em pleno contexto de Pandemia pela Covid-19, e as principais diferenças desta atuação se comparada com os projetos destes órgãos em prol do Desenvolvimento no mundo ao longo do século XX. A partir da análise histórica do conceito de Desenvolvimento e da noção contemporânea de colonialidade a partir da perspectiva gerencial, o trabalho se mostra introdutório ao analisar os dados extraídos em pronunciamentos de executivos da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) ao longo do cenário pandêmico, principalmente com a triste marca de mais de 1 milhão de mortos vítimas da doença, todos veiculados em mídias de alta repercussão. Como conclusão, ainda passível de contribuições com o avanço da pandemia pelo mundo, é indicado que há uma tendência significativa para a mudança das ações destes órgãos internacionais, uma vez que estão voltados a uma realidade até então inédita de auxílios emergenciais a todos os países afetados pela doença, independentemente de seu nível de subdesenvolvimento.Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento. Análise Histórica. Gestão. Desenvolvimentismo. Pandemia Covid-19. Órgãos Multilaterais Internacionais. Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic for development (s): an introductory analysis on the managerial perspective of international multilateral agencies in underdeveloped countriesABSTRACTThis conceptual-theoretical article aims to investigate the main performance conditions of international multilateral agencies in the context of Pandemia by Covid-19, and the main differences of this performance when compared with the projects of these agencies in favor of Development in the world throughout of the 20th century. Based on the historical analysis of the concept of Development and the contemporary notion of coloniality from a managerial perspective, the work is shown to be introductory in analyzing the data extracted from statements by executives of the World Health Organization (WHO) throughout the pandemic scenario, mainly with the sad mark of more than 1 million dead victims of the disease, all aired in high-profile media. As a conclusion, still subject to contributions with the advancement of the pandemic around the world, it is indicated that there is a significant tendency for the actions of these international bodies to change, since they are geared to a hitherto unprecedented reality of emergency aid to all affected countries. disease, regardless of their level of underdevelopment.Keywords: Development. Historical Analysis. Management. Developmentalism. Covid-19 Pandemic. International Multilateral Institutions.
El Antropoceno/Capitaloceno y sus implicancias ontológico-políticas: escenario de la pandemia actual
Authors: LESCURA VANESSA IVANA MONFRINOTTI 
Published: December 2020

RESUMENEl presente artículo vincula el actual escenario de la pandemia con las implicancias ontológico-políticas advertidas en los debates sobre el Antropoceno/Capitaloceno. En este sentido, los recientes análisis ontológicos en relación a la inauguración de una nueva época geológica dan cuenta de la necesidad de responder a la coyuntura de nuestros días desde propuestas epistémico-políticas en la que prime el abandono de la ontología moderna dualista. Se argumenta que pensar el mundo post-pandemia implica analizar críticamente la ontología dominante y contribuir a un desplazamiento ontológico, que posibilite responder a la urgencia de los tiempos mortíferos del Antropoceno/Capitaloceno.Palabras claves: Antropoceno. Capitaloceno. Ontología Dualista. Giro Ontológico. Pandemia. The Anthropocene/Capitalocene and its ontological-political implications: scenario of the current pandemicABSTRACTThis article links the scenario of the pandemic with the ontological-political implications analyzed in the debates on the Anthropocene/Capitalocene. In this sense, the recent ontological analyses about the inauguration of a new geological epoch show the need to respond to the current situation from epistemic-political proposals in which the abandonment of modern dualistic ontology prevails. It is argued that thinking about the post-pandemic world involves critically analyzing the dominant ontology and contributing to an ontological shift, which makes it possible to respond to the urgency of the deadly times of the Anthropocene/Capitalocene.Keywords: Anthropocene. Capitalocene. Dualistic Ontology. Ontological turn. Pandemic.
Evaluación del desempeño de las oficinas de transferencia de tecnología en México
Authors: Ortiz Cantú Sara , Solleiro Rebolledo José Luis , Solleiro Rebolledo José Luis 
Published: December 2020

La OECD, en su estudio Turning Science into Business (2003), reconoció que la creación de oficinas de transferencia de tecnología (OTT) destinadas a tramitar patentes y a facilitar acuerdos con terceras partes en torno a las licencias se había convertido en un instrumento crítico, razón por la que diversos países han emitido políticas para propiciar la comercialización de tecnologías. En consecuencia, la medición de la transferencia de tecnología es un tema emergente, pero necesario para evaluar la eficacia de dichas políticas.El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar la eficacia de la política de fomento a la transferencia de tecnología del Gobierno de México mediante el análisis de las actividades de las OTT, basándose para ello en una encuesta en la que se revisan sus indicadores de desempeño. Como resultado, se identifican las principales acciones emprendidas, las que generan mayores ingresos y algunas claves para mejorar el funcionamiento de las oficinas. Se concluye, con base en la evidencia empírica, que la política mexicana de promoción de la comercialización de los conocimientos ha funcionado y requiere continuidad.
The potential impact of COVID 19 on poor and conflict-ridden communities in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA): A conceptual paper
Authors: Nyashanu Mathew , Tsopotsa Tistsi , Mbalinda Scovia Nalugo , North Gemma , Mguni Maureen , Nyashanu Nicole Shinga 
Published: December 2020

The first cases of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), previously known as 2019-nCoV, were reported in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China (Wu, Zhao, Yu B, et al 2020). The virus then spread to Malaysia and Thailand and eventually to the Americas, Europe, Australia and Africa. On the 11thof March 2020 the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared the COVID-19 a global pandemic. This concept paper explores the potential impact of COVID-19 on poverty stricken and conflict-ridden communities in Sub-Sahara Africa. In doing so, the paper also explored the implications for public health professionals working with these communities, including recommendation for future policy development.
QTL mapping of root traits in wheat under different phosphorus levels using hydroponic culture
Authors: Yang Mengjiao , Wang Cairong , Hassan Muhammad Adeel , Li Faji , Xia Xianchun , Shi Shubing , Xiao Yonggui , He Zhonghu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Phosphorus (P) is an important in ensuring plant morphogenesis and grain quality, therefore an efficient root system is crucial for P-uptake. Identification of useful loci for root morphological and P uptake related traits at seedling stage is important for wheat breeding. The aims of this study were to evaluate phenotypic diversity of Yangmai 16/Zhongmai 895 derived doubled haploid (DH) population for root system architecture (RSA) and biomass related traits (RBT) in different P treatments at seedling stage using hydroponic culture, and to identify QTL using 660K SNP array based high-density genetic map.Results: All traits showed significant variations among the DH lines with high heritabilities (0.76 to 0.91) and high correlations (r =0.59 to 0.98) among all traits. Inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) identified 34 QTL with 4.64–20.41% of the phenotypic variances individually, and the log of odds (LOD) values ranging from 2.59 to 10.43. Seven QTL clusters (C1 to C7) were mapped on chromosomes 3DL, 4BS, 4DS, 6BL, 7AS, 7AL and 7BL, cluster C5 on chromosome 7AS (AX-109955164 - AX-109445593) with pleiotropic effect played key role in modulating root length (RL), root tips number (RTN) and root surface area (ROSA) under low P condition, with the favorable allele from Zhongmai 895. Conclusions: This study carried out an imaging pipeline-based rapid phenotyping of RSA and RBT traits in hydroponic culture. It is an efficient approach for screening of large populations under different nutrient conditions. Four QTL on chromosomes 6BL (2) and 7AL (2) identified in low P treatment showed positive additive effects contributed by Zhongmai 895, indicating that Zhongmai 895 could be used as parent for P-deficient breeding. The most stable QTL QRRS.caas-4DS for ratio of root to shoot dry weight (RRS) harbored the stable genetic region with high phenotypic effect, and QTL clusters on 7A might be used for speedy selection of genotypes for P-uptake. SNPs closely linked to QTLs and clusters could be used to improve nutrient-use efficiency.