bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Routine colonoscopy may be needed for uncomplicated acute right colonic diverticulitis
Authors: Lee Kil-yong , Lee Jaeim , Park Youn Young , Oh Seong Taek 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Routine colonoscopy is recommended to determine the coexistence of colon cancer after medical treatment for colon diverticulitis. However, in the case of uncomplicated diverticulitis diagnosed by computed tomography imaging, the clinical relevance of routine follow-up colonoscopy has recently been debated. Yet, the role of follow-up colonoscopy for right colon diverticulitis, which tends to develop at a younger age than left colon diverticulitis, has not been specifically evaluated. Therefore, our aim in this study was to evaluate the incidence of right colon cancer or colonic adenomatous polyps, detected by routine colonoscopy, after conservative management of acute uncomplicated right colon diverticulitis. METHODS: Included were patients with uncomplicated right colon diverticulitis diagnosed by computed tomography imaging, between 2011 and 2017, and who underwent follow-up colonoscopy surveillance after treatment. The primary outcome was the incidence of colon cancer, with the detection rate of adenoma being the secondary outcome. Information for analysis was retrieved, retrospectively, from patients’ medical records. RESULTS: The study group included 330 consecutive patients, with a mean age of 41.9 years, and 51.9% being men. For the primary outcome, the rate of colon cancer on follow-up colonoscopy was 0.3% (1/330 cases). The rate of adenoma detection was 20.9% (69/330 cases), with advanced adenoma, including colon cancer, observed in 9 patients (2.7%). CONCLUSION: In patients with acute uncomplicated right colonic diverticulitis, routine colonoscopy after conservative treatment may be necessary because although the colon cancer detection rate is low, it is possible to detect advanced colon adenoma.
Classification and morphology of middle mesial canals of mandibular first molars in a Southern Chinese subpopulation: a cone-beam computed tomographic study
Authors: Yang Yeqing , Wu Buling , Zeng Junkai , Chen Ming 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was employed to study the morphology and curvature of middle mesial canals (MMCs) of mandibular first molars (MFMs).Methods: CBCT scanning was performed on MFMs of 1100 patients. Patients' images that met the inclusion criteria were divided into group A (<40 years old) and group B (≥40 years old) for further study. The images were used to study the incidence of MMCs at different ages, measure the curvature of MMCs in the mesiodistal and buccolingual directions using the Schneider method, and observe the anatomical morphology of the mesial root canal system. All statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS 21.0 software. Quantitative data were presented as mean ± standard deviation. Student’s t-test was used to calculate the statistical significance. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: In 875 patients, 1750 MFM images met the inclusion criteria. Among these cases, 158 MFMs contained an MMC, yielding an incidence rate of 9.03%. The incidence rate of MMCs was 11.22% in group A and 6.61% in group B, and this difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The curvature in the mesiodistal direction was 29.39±8.53º in group A and 26.06±8.50º in group B, and this difference was also significant (P<0.05). The curved regions in groups A and B were often located in the middle 1/3 of canal. No significant difference in the distance between MMC orifices and mesiobuccal canal orifices or mesiolingual canal orifices was noted (P>0.05). The most common mesial root canal morphological type was type II (3-2) (53.80%). Conclusion: The incidence of MMCs in MFMs declined as age increased. The canal systems of MMCs were varied and complex, mainly exhibiting an obvious mesiodistal curve. CBCT is an outstanding method to help guide root canal therapy.
Parkinson's disease: Current assessment methods and wearable devices for evaluation of movement disorder motor symptoms - A patient and healthcare professional perspective
Authors: AlMahadin Ghayth , Lotfi Ahmad , Zysk Eva , Siena Francesco Luke , Carthy Marie Mc , Breedon Philip 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease is the second most common long-term chronic, progressive, neurodegenerative disease, affecting more than 10 million people worldwide. There has been a rising interest in wearable devices for evaluation of movement disorder diseases such as Parkinson's disease due to the limitations in current clinic assessment methods such as Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. However, there are only a few commercial wearable devices available, which, in addition, have had very limited adoption and implementation. This inconsistency may be due to a lack of users’ perspectives in terms of device design and implementation. Objectives This study aims to identify the perspectives of healthcare professionals and patients linked to current assessment methods and to identify preferences, needs, and requirements of wearable devices. Methods This was a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews followed by focus groups. Transcripts from sessions were analysed using a thematic approach. Results It was noted that the well-known assessment and monitoring process such as Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale was not used routinely in clinics since it is time consuming, subjective, inaccurate, infrequent and dependent on patients’ memories. Participants suggested that objective diagnosis and assessment methods are needed to increase the chance of effective treatment. The participants’ perspectives were positive toward using wearable devices, particularly if they were involved in early design stages. Patients emphasized that the devices should be comfortable, but they did not have any concerns regarding device visibility or data privacy transmitted over the internet when it comes to their health. In terms of wearing a monitor, the preferable part of the body for all participants was the wrist. Healthcare professionals stated a need for an economical solution that is easy to interpret. Some design aspects identified by patients included clasps, material choice, and form factor. Conclusion The study concluded that current diagnosis and assessment methods are limited. Patients’ and healthcare professionals’ involvement in wearable devices design process has a pivotal role in terms of ultimate user acceptance. This includes the provision of additional functions to the wearable device, such as fall detection and medication reminders, which could be attractive features for patients.
Determinants of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: jia siming , Shi Xiaoying , Liu Guanglian , Wang Li , Zhang Xiaoran , Ma Xuelin , li jia , shao xinzhong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: This aim of the cross-sectional study were to assess the proportions of anxiety and depression in patients with cubital tunnel syndrome, and to explore the associated demographic and clinical features. Methods: From May 2011 to January 2017, 246 patients diagnosed with CuTS were recruited. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to assess the proportions of depression and anxiety. Patient demographic and clinical data were collected. Univariate analysis and multivariate regression were carried out to identify the variables that were independently associated with anxiety and depression. Results: The proportions of depression and anxiety were 18% (n=44) and 14% (n=35), respectively. Five patients had both possible/probable anxiety and depression. Logistic regression analysis revealed that diabetes mellitus was independently associated with depression; and the modified McGowan grade was independently associated with anxiety. Conclusions: In patients with CuTS, the proportions of depression and anxiety were 18% and 14%, respectively. Early screening for anxiety and depression is beneficial for patients with CuTS.
Estimated glomerular filtration rate and postoperative mortality in patients undergoing non-cardiac and non-neuron surgery: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Luo Xueying , Zheng Sujing , Liu Baoer , Yang Liping , Li Ya , Li Feng , Gao Rui , Hu Haofei , He Jinsong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background：There is limited evidence to clarify the specific relationship between preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (preop-eGFR) and postoperative thirty-day mortality in Asian patients undergoing non-cardiac and non-neuron surgery. We aimed to investigate details of this relationship.Methods：We reanalyzed a retrospective analysis of the clinical records of 90,785 surgical patients at the Singapore General Hospital from January 1, 2012 to October 31, 2016. The main outcome was postoperative thirty-day mortality.Results：The average age of these recruited patients was 53.96 ± 16.88 years, of which approximately 51.64% were female. The mean of preop-eGFR distribution was 84.45 ± 38.56mL/min/1.73m2. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that preop-eGFR was independently associated with thirty-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio: 0.992; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.990-0.995; P < 0.001). A U-shaped relationship was detected between preop-eGFR and thirty-day mortality with an inflection point of 98.688(P for log likelihood ratio test <0.001). The effect sizes and confidence intervals on the right and left sides of the inflection point were 1.013 (1.007 to 1.019) [P < 0.0001] and 0.984 (0.981 to 0.987) [P < 0.0001], respectively. Preoperative comorbidities such as congestive heart failure (CHF), type 1 diabetes, ischemic heart disease (IHD),and anemia were associated with the odds ratio of preop-eGFR to thirty-day mortality (interaction P < 0.05).Discussion：The relationship between preop-eGFR and thirty-day mortality is U-shaped. The recommended preop-eGFR at which the rate of the thirty-day mortality was lowest was 98.688mL/min/1.73m2.
Effect of gut microbiota modulation on feeding tolerance of enterally-fed critically ill adult patients: a systematic review
Authors: Seifi Najmeh , Esfahani Ali Jafarzadeh , Sedaghat Alireza , Rezvani Reza , Khadem-Rezaiyan Majid , Nematy Mohsen , Safarian Mohammad 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose: The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of pre-, pro-, and synbiotics on feeding tolerance of enterally-fed critically ill adult patients. Methods: Medline, Science Direct, Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to November 2019. English language randomized controlled trials reporting the effect of pre, pro or synbiotics on the feeding tolerance of enterally-fed critically ill adult patients were included. Results: Overall, 15 papers were selected for review. Among six studies reporting the energy intake, only two studies showed significantly higher energy intake in the prebiotic-receiving groups. Among four RCTs reporting frequency or time to achieve the target calorie, only one found a significant effect of probiotics to reduce the time to achieve a target dose of calorie. About the prevalence or duration of diarrhea, 7 out of 12 RCTs reported a beneficial effect. All but one study found no beneficial effects for gut microbiota manipulation on clinical endpoints including length of stay (LOS) in hospital and intensive care unit (ICU). Conclusion: It should be noticed that the heterogeneity in study designs, product format, and ICU patient populations makes it difficult to draw any general conclusion. Overall, it seems that pre, pro or synbiotics have not significant beneficial effect on feeding tolerance and clinical endpoints in critically ill adults, but they may reduce the prevalence or duration of diarrhea.
Evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of CanPatrolTM technology for detection of circulating tumor cells in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Li Jingyao , Liao Yi , Ran Yaling , Wang Guiyu , Wu Wei , Qiu Yang , Liu Jie , Wen Ningyu , Jing Tao , Wang Haidong , Zhang Shixin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The early diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer is of great significance to the prognosis of patients. However, traditional histopathology and imaging screening have certain limitations. Therefore, new diagnostical methods are urgently needed for the current clinical diagnosis. In this study we evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of CanPatrolTM technology for the detection of circulating tumor cells in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: CTCs in the peripheral blood of 98 patients with NSCLC and 38 patients with benign pulmonary diseases were collected by the latest typing of CanPatrolTM detection technology. A 3-year follow-up was performed to observe their recurrence and metastasis. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare multiple groups of data, Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare data between the two groups, and ROC curve analysis was used to obtain the critical value. The COX risk regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were performed in the 63 NSCLC patients who were effectively followed up. Results: The epithelial, epithelial-mesenchymal, and total CTCs were significantly higher in NSCLC patients than that in patients with benign lung disease (P < 0.001). The mesenchymal CTCs of NSCLC patients was slightly higher than that of benign lung diseases (P = 0.013). The AUC of the ROC curve of the total CTCs was 0.837 (95% CI: 0.76-0.914), and the cut-off value corresponding to the most approximate index was 0.5 CTCs/5 ml, at which point the sensitivity was 81.6% and the specificity was 86.8%. COX regression analysis revealed that the clinical stage was correlated with patient survival (P = 0.006), while gender, age, and smoking were not (P > 0.05). After excluding the confounders of staging, surgery, and chemotherapy, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients in stage IIIA with CTCs ≥ 0.5 had significantly lower DFS than those with CTCs < 0.5 (P = 0.022). Conclusions: CTC positive can well predict the recurrence of NSCLC patients. CanPatrolTM technology has good sensitivity and specificity in detecting CTCs in peripheral blood of NSCLC patients and has a certain value for clinical prognosis evaluation.
The Effect of Ethical Leadership on Subjective Wellbeing, Given the Moderator Job Satisfaction (A Case Study of Private Hospitals in Mashhad)
Authors: Kaffashpoor Azar , Sadeghian Samaneh 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The emerging ethical leadership, a novel approach in leadership perspective, has provided the ground for building and promoting individual and organizational effectiveness through prioritizing ethics in organization. The purpose of the study is survey of effect of Ethical Leadership on Subjective Wellbeing, Given the Moderator Job Satisfaction in Private Hospitals in MashhadMethods: This research, employing a descriptive-correlational survey design, was conducted in 2015-2016 to examine the probable effect of ethical leadership on subjective wellbeing and job satisfaction (both as the outcome variable and the mediator) among the nurses of private hospitals in Mashhad, Iran. The statistical population included all nurses of private hospitals in Mashhad city (730 nurses, in total). 166 nurses were eventually selected as a sample of respondents by following a simple randomized method. The data were collected with the adapted version of the questionnaire designed by Yang (2014). The validity and reliability of the survey were tested and confirmed. For data analysis, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used. Results: The results indicated a positive significant relationship between ethical leadership and job satisfaction. Ethical leadership both directly and indirectly affected the subjective wellbeing of nurses through job satisfaction.Conclusions: The finding suggests that an emphasis on ethics and ethically-oriented leaders in hospitals, enhanced by job satisfaction, can provide a positive climate which can lead to the subjective wellbeing of nurses.
Cloning and Expression Analysis of GATA1 gene in Carassius auratus red var.
Authors: Tian Yusu , Sun Yuandong , Ou Mi , Cui Xiaojuan , Zhou Dinggang , Che Wen’an 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: GATA1 is a key transcription factor in the GATA family, and promotes the differentiation and maturation of red blood cell, which is essential for normal hematopoiesis.Results: Our results showed that the cDNA sequence of GATA1 was 2730 bp long encoding 443 amino acids. qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that GATA1 had the highest expression in testis(T), followed by pituitary(P) and spleen(S). GATA1 gene expression in C. auratus red var. embryo from the neuroblast stage (N) to the embryo hatching(H) changes continuously; and the gene expression levels of nonylphenol (NP)-treated and those of control embryos were significantly different. Moreover, Methylation levels of GATA1 gene in NP-treated embryos were higher than those in control embryos, indicating that NP affected GATA1 methylation.Conclusions: Our study provides cues for further studying the roles of GATA1 gene in fish development, and suggested a potential molecular mechanism by which NP leads to abnormal development of fish embryos.
The Feasibility and Efficacy of Emotion-Focused Therapy for Binge-Eating Disorder: A Pilot Randomised Waitlist Control Trial
Authors: Glisenti Kevin , Strodl Esben , King Robert , Greenberg Leslie 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Research into psychotherapy for binge-eating disorder (BED) has focused mainly on cognitive behavioural therapies, but efficacy, failure to abstain, and dropout rates continue to be problematic. The experience of negative emotions is among the most accurate predictors for the occurrence of binge eating episodes in BED, suggesting benefits to exploring psychological treatments with a more specific focus on the role of emotion. The present study aimed to explore the feasibility and efficacy of individual emotion-focused therapy (EFT) as a treatment for BED by examining the outcomes of a pilot randomised waitlist-controlled trial.
Methods: Twenty-one participants were assessed using measures of feasibility (recruitment, credibility and expectancy, and therapy retention), and efficacy (objective binge episodes and days, and binge eating psychopathology). The treatment consisted of 12 weekly one-hour sessions of EFT for maladaptive emotions over three months. A mixed model approach was utilised with one between effect (group) using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test the hypothesis that participants immediately receiving the EFT treatment would demonstrate a greater degree of improvement on outcomes relating to objective binge episodes and days, and binge eating psychopathology, compared to participants on the EFT waitlist; and one within effect (time) using a repeated-measures ANOVA to test the hypothesis that participation in the EFT intervention would result in significant improvements in outcome measures from pre to post-therapy and then maintained at follow-up.
Results: Recruitment, credibility and expectancy, and therapy retention outcomes indicated EFT is a feasible treatment for BED. Participants receiving EFT demonstrated a greater degree of improvement in objective binge episodes and days, and binge eating psychopathology compared to EFT waitlist control group participants. When participants in the EFT waitlist control group then received treatment and outcomes data were combined with participants who initially received the treatment, EFT demonstrated significant improvement in objective binge episodes and days, and binge eating psychopathology for the entire sample.
Conclusions: These findings provide further preliminary evidence for the feasibility and efficacy of individual EFT for BED and support more extensive randomised control trials.
Clinical Impact of Estradiol/Testosterone Ratio in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Choi Jung-Won , Ryoo In Woo , Hong Jun Yeong , Lee Kyung-Yul , Nam Hyo Suk , Kim Won Chan , Oh Seung-Hun , Kang Jaeku , Lee Hoi Young , Na Sang-Jun , Heo Ji Hoe , Lee Kee Ook 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Sex hormones may be associated with a higher incidence of ischemic stroke or stroke-related events. In observational studies, lower testosterone concentrations are associated with infirmity, vascular disease, and adverse cardiovascular risk factors. Currently, female sexual hormones are considered neuroprotective agents. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of sex hormones and the ratio of estradiol/testosterone (E/T) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods: Between January 2011 and December 2016, 146 male patients with AIS and 152 age- and sex-matched control subjects were included in this study. Sex hormones, including estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone, were evaluated in the AIS patient and control groups. We analyzed the clinical and physiological levels of sex hormones and hormone ratios in these patients.Results: The E/T ratio was significantly elevated among patients in the stroke group compared to those in the control group (P = 0.001). Categorization of data into tertiles revealed that patients with the highest E/T ratio were more likely to have AIS [odds ratio (OR) 3.084; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.616-5.886; P < 0.001) compared with those in the first tertile. The E/T ratio was also an independent unfavorable outcome predictor with an adjusted OR of 1.167 (95% CI: 1.053-1.294; P = 0.003).Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that increased estradiol and reduced testosterone levels are associated with AIS in men.