bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical treatment and best interests: judicial interpretation of values, wishes and beliefs under the Mental Capacity Act 2005
Authors: O'Sullivan Owen P. 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
The prominence of the best interests principle in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 represented an important transition to a more resolutely patient-centred model regarding decision-making for incapable adults (“P”). This paper aims to examine the courts’ consideration of P’s values, wishes and beliefs in the context of medical treatment, reflect on whether this has resulted in a wide interpretation of the best interests standard and consider how this impacts clinical decision makers.

Design/methodology/approach
A particular focus will be on case law from the Court of Protection of England and Wales and the Supreme Court of the UK. Cases have been selected for discussion on the basis of the significance of their judgements for the field, the range of issues they illustrate and the extent of commentary and attention they have received in the literature. They are presented as a narrative review and are non-exhaustive.

Findings
With respect to values, wishes and beliefs, the best interests standard’s interpretation in the courts has been widely varied. Opposing tensions and thematic conflicts have emerged from this case law and were analysed from the perspective of the clinical decision maker.

Originality/value
This review illustrates the complexity and gravity of decisions of the clinical decision makers and the courts have considered in the context of best interests determinations for incapacitated adults undergoing medical treatment. Subsequent to the first such case before the Supreme Court of the UK, emerging case law trends relating to capacity legislation are considered.
How can gamification contribute to achieve SDGs?
Authors: Souza Viviane Silva , Marques Susana Regina Bacelar de Vasconcelos , Veríssimo Medéia 
Published: March 2020

PurposeEcogamification can make a positive impact on Tourism. With this in mind, the present study aims to examine specific stakeholders – those positioned at the upstream side of gamification process – and their perspectives concerning not only the benefits, but also the challenges of (eco)gamification.Design/methodology/approachThe study follows a qualitative-exploratory approach and bases its results on the analysis of 10 in-depth interviews conducted with buyers and providers from the emerging Portuguese tourism and tech markets.FindingsResults shed light on key benefits of ecogamification, including its potential to promote “green” behaviour, transmit complex information through entertainment, reward users for good practices, improve engagement and help avoiding overtourism. Simultaneously, there are important challenges to overcome, including the lack of investment, resistance to new technologies, low eco-consciousness of tourists and distraction from issues that matter. Further, findings show that ecogamification takes on different and specific roles for buyers and providers.Research limitations/implicationsThe research limitations are mainly related to the sample size.Practical implicationsAn effective ecogamification process depends on the integration of the supply and demand sides and, at the same time, on the responsibility of different stakeholders (providers, buyers, players) across the value chain, through a broad logic of B2B2C.Originality/valueThis study contributes towards a better understanding of ecogamification in tourism, through the eyes of buyers and providers and also provides insights regarding the role of these specific stakeholders and the relationship between them.
Access services statistics: showing our story through LibInsight
Authors: Sewell Bethany Badgett , Cowell Amanda 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the Springshare tool LibInsight, and describe the ways it was implemented at the R. Barbara Gitenstein Library at The College of New Jersey.

Design/methodology/approach
Going beyond traditional data collection, LibInsight allows the library to blend and analyze library data in a single dashboard. It enables decision-makers to see analytics presented visually, identify new patterns and quickly address problems or opportunities. LibInsight can visualize, evaluate and assess library services and collections and compare them both internally and against industry standards.

Findings
Historical data for data sets ranging from gate counts and circulation were uploaded into LibInsight. In addition, custom data sets were created and new data, such as patron activity at the circulation desk, was collected.

Originality/value
This is a review of the product, LibInsight, and data sets kept in access services.
Convective instability analysis of couple-stress dielectric fluid saturated anisotropic porous medium with radiation effect
Authors: Myson Shruthy , Nagouda Smita Saklesh 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThe effects of anisotropy and radiation cannot be considered negligible while investigating the stability of the fluid in convection. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to analyze how these effects could affect the system while considering a couple-stress dielectric fluid. Therefore, the study establishes the effect of thermal radiation in a couple-stress dielectric fluid with an anisotropic porous medium using Goody's approach (Goody, 1956).Design/methodology/approachTo analyze the effect of radiation on the onset of convection, the Milne–Eddington approximation is employed to convert radiative heat flux to thermal heat flux. The equations are further developed to approximate for transparent and opaque medium. Stability of the quiescent state within the framework of linear theory is performed. The principle of exchange of stabilities is shown to be valid by means of single-term Galerkin method. Large values of conduction–radiation and absorptivity parameters are avoided as fluid is considered as liquid rather than gas.FindingsThe radiative heat transfer effect on a couple-stress dielectric fluid saturated anisotropic porous medium is examined in terms of Milne–Eddington approximation. The effect of couple-stress, dielectric, anisotropy and radiation parameters are analyzed graphically for both transparent and opaque medium. It is observed that the conduction–radiation parameter stabilizes the system; in addition, the critical Darcy–Rayleigh number also shows a stabilizing effect in the absence of couple-stress, dielectric and anisotropy parameters, for both transparent and opaque medium. Furthermore, the absorptivity parameter stabilizes the system in the transparent medium, whereas it exhibits a dual effect in the case of an opaque medium. It was also found that an increase in thermal and mechanical anisotropy parameters shows an increase in the cell size, whereas the increase in Darcy–Roberts number and conduction–radiation parameter decreases the cell size. The validity of principle of exchange of stability is performed and concluded that marginal stability is the preferred mode than oscillatory.Originality/valueThe effects of anisotropy and radiation on Rayleigh–Bénard convection by considering a couple-stress dielectric fluid has been analyzed for the first time.
Introduction of new surface geometry to join Ti-6Al-4V and SS304L by friction welding
Authors: Balasubramanian M. , Kumar R. 
Published: March 2020

PurposeIn friction welding of dissimilar joint method, few material compositions are not possible to weld effectively. For better dissimilar metal joining in friction welding, the interlayer techniques are used by the third metal to increase the diffusion for suitable metal bonding. The interlayer metals are popularly held by coating, foils, sheet and solid rod form. The coating method needs more care for surface preparation with special coating equipment with high workmanship. In case of foil as intermediate metal, more care is neededfor holding between the metal; most of the time this technique has the possibility of failure by peeling off from the contact surface during high speed rotation with pressure during friction generation.Design/methodology/approachIn this investigation, a copper coin was machined to a suitable size (transition fit) to suit the recess inside the SS rod. The mating surfaces of Cu coin, SS rod and Ti alloy were machined, polished to mirror finish and handled in friction welding machine. The purpose of the transition fit between the coin and SS rod is for holding the same intact before the beginning of the process.FindingsSuccessful joint was achieved with good joint strength at less time. Empirical models were established to fin out the joint strength at any given parameter within the range of investigationResearch limitations/implicationsThe models developed can be used only within the range of investigation considered for experimentation.Practical implicationsThe paper includes implications for the development of a method of joining any dissimilar jointsOriginality/valueIn this investigation, a copper coin was machined to a suitable size (transition fit) to suit the recess inside the SS rod. The mating surfaces of Cu coin, SS rod and Ti alloy were machined, polished to mirror finish and handled in friction welding machine. The purpose of the transition fit between the coin and SS rod is for holding the same intact before the beginning of the process.
Vegetable and fruit consumption and its association with bone turnover biomarkers in older adults
Authors: Djafari Farhang , Shahinfar Hossein , Safabakhsh Maryam , Shab-Bidar Sakineh 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
Fruits and vegetables (FVs) are a good source of substances that contributed to bone health. However, the relation of FVs consumption with inflammation and bone biomarkers is inconsistent. Thus, this paper aims to assess the association of FVs intake with inflammation and bone biomarkers in older adults.

Design/methodology/approach
This cross-sectional study was performed on 178 older adults in Tehran, with a mean age of 67.04. Biochemical measurements including serum osteocalcin, high sensitivity c-reactive protein, 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH) D, parathormone and urine terminal telopeptide of Type I collagen (u-CTx) was done. The intake of FVs was calculated using a validated quantitative food frequency questionnaire.

Findings
Pearson correlation coefficients showed a positive relation between serum osteocalcin and total vegetables (r = 0.167, p = 0.026), juices group (r = 0.155, p = 0.035), starchy vegetables (r = 0.205, p = 0.006) and other vegetable group (r = 0.161, p = 0.032) even after controlling of potential confounders. Analysis of covariance showed that total vegetable were significantly associated with serum osteocalcin (p = 0.041) and PTH levels (p = 0.028). Additionally, no evidence of a significant relationship between total fruit intake and test variables was observed. However, subgroup analyses demonstrated a significant association between citrus fruits and serum 25(OH) D (p = 0.017). A significant relation between starchy vegetable and urine CTx-I was reported (p = 0.016). Moreover, other vegetable subgroup was strongly associated with serum osteocalcin (p = 0.003).

Originality/value
The results of this paper may provide insight for clinical interventions and also important to make policy for prevention or easing bone disorders and general inflammation related to fruit and vegetable intake.
The impact of government ownership on the cost of debt and valuation of Vietnamese listed companies
Authors: Le Ben 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the impact of government ownership on the cost of debt and firm valuation in listed Vietnamese companies for the period 2007 to 2016.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use both the generalised methods of the moment (GMM) and the ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions to analyse a panel data spanning over the period 2007 to 2016 in the markets of Vietnam. Further, the instrumental variable is used in the paper.

Findings
The authors find that firms with relative higher government stockholdings or state-owned companies where the government owns 50 per cent or more of shares outstanding enjoy a lower cost of debt compared to the other firms. Consequently, these firms have higher firm valuation and profitability. The results are robust for both the GMM and the OLS regressions. Further, firms that no longer retain government ownership have a higher cost of debt than the other firms. The results of the paper imply the importance of political connections in businesses in the market of Vietnam.

Originality/value
This paper connects the relationship between government ownership and the cost of debt with the relationship between government ownership and firm valuation. The paper tests the relationship between the cost of debt and government ownership using both OLS and GMM specifications and the results are robust for both approaches. The manuscript uses an instrumental variable to show that government ownership has a positive impact on higher firm performance through reducing cost of debt. Further, this paper addresses the possible issue of endogeneity.
Relationship between initiation of 340B participation and hospital safety‐net engagement
Authors: Nikpay Sayeh S. , Buntin Melinda B. , Conti Rena M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe 340B program allows safety‐net hospitals to acquire discounted outpatient drugs and charge payers full price. We examined whether 340B participation increases safety‐net engagement.Data Sources340B participation data, Medicare hospital cost reports, American Hospital Association Survey, and Schedule 990 nonprofit hospital tax returns.Study DesignQuasi‐experimental difference‐in‐differences design comparing 340B hospitals (the “treatment” group) before and after participating to changes over time to three alternative “control” groups: all other nonprofit and public hospitals, hospitals that are not participating during our study, and hospitals that were not‐yet‐participating but started after 2015. Outcome measures include a range of safety‐net care measures that are alternatives to the standard uncompensated care: charity care, community benefit spending, charity care policies, and low‐profit service‐line provision.Data ExtractionWe extracted data on all nonprofit and public hospitals from 2011 to 2015. We linked 340B participation data to Medicare hospital cost reports and American Hospital Association data using Medicare hospital identifiers. 990 Data was linked on name and address.Principal FindingsNew 340B participation was not associated with a change in uncompensated care, but was associated with a 28.9 percent increase in charity care spending (SE = 8.8), or about $880,000 per hospital. However, total community benefit spending (including charity care) did not change. 340B was associated with an increase in the probability of offering discounted care (4.3 percentage points, SE = 1.6) from 84 to 88 percent and an increase in the income eligibility limit for discounted care (18.9 percentage points, SE = 5.6) from 294 to 313 percent. Participation was not associated with the probability of offering low‐profit medical care services.ConclusionsAlternative measures show that newly participating hospitals may increase charity care, potentially through offering more patients discounted care. However, increases appear to be fully offset by reductions in other community benefit programs.
Noninvasive prenatal testing and maternal obesity: A review
Authors: Juul Laura A. , Hartwig Tanja S. , Ambye Louise , Sørensen Steen , Jørgensen Finn S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNoninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) has become a popular screening test for the most common fetal aneuploidies. The performance of NIPT is affected by several factors including maternal obesity, which results in a greater rate of no‐calls for obese pregnant women. Guidelines regarding NIPT in prenatal screening have been published, but with few and divergent recommendations on the issue. We aimed to review the medical literature, guidelines from scientific societies and information material from commercial NIPT providers on no‐calls and maternal obesity. We systematically identified medical literature and guidelines from scientific societies using the database MEDLINE. Information material from commercial NIPT providers was found via a systematic search on Google.com. Nine medical studies investigating the association between maternal obesity and NIPT no‐calls were included. They all showed the same trend: increasing no‐call rate with increasing maternal obesity. The no‐call rate ranged from 0% to 4.2% for women with body mass index (BMI) 18.5‐24.9 and from 5.4% to 70.1% for women BMI ≥40. We identified 17 scientific societies with guidelines and 13 commercial NIPT providers. All were checked for information material on no‐calls and maternal obesity. To allow comparison, all guidelines were examined to answer the same three predefined questions. Of the 17 included scientific societies, 13 (76.5%) mentioned the association between maternal obesity and NIPT no‐calls, two (11.8%) specified weight limits and three (17.6%) advised against NIPT for severely obese pregnant women. None of the 13 commercial NIPT providers provided specific recommendations, but four (30.8%) cite maternal obesity as a potential cause for a no‐call. Because of the increasing number of patients in this group, we advocate updated recommendations to guide decision making in prenatal screening for obese pregnant women.
Randomised control language intervention for infants of adolescent mothers
Authors: Hoffman Laurie , Hersey Alicia , Tucker Richard , Vohr Betty 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimCreate a Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA)‐based intervention to increase adolescent and infant speech and improve 12‐month language outcomes.MethodsRandomised control trial of adolescent (15‐19 years) mother‐infant pairs comparing language‐motor (intervention) and motor (control) groups. Intervention included reviewing language‐motor curriculums, formative feedback on 4 LENA recordings (baseline, post‐curriculum, 4 and 12‐months) and 16‐weekly language‐motor texts. Controls reviewed a motor curriculum, summative feedback of four recordings after study completion and 4‐monthly motor texts. Primary outcome was 12‐month MacArthur scores. Secondary outcomes were LENA counts and social impacts to language outcomes.ResultsA total of 108 infants were randomised. Groups had similar baseline characteristics and LENA counts. Both groups had low maternal Peabody Picture Vocabulary age‐equivalents (14.2 years). On post‐curriculum recording, intervention infants had higher vocalisations (188 vs 109, P = .02) and conversations (49 vs 30, P = .005) than controls. Group 4‐month and 12‐month LENA counts and 12‐month MacArthur scores were similar. In regression analyses, more people in the home and cohabiting with the infant's father were associated with higher MacArthur scores.ConclusionsLinguistic feedback and a simple curriculum resulted in short‐term increased vocalisations and conversational turns for infants of adolescent mothers that were not sustained over time. Household characteristics provided protective effects on outcomes.
Leisure Choices and Employee Well‐Being: Comparing Need Fulfillment and Well‐Being during TV and Other Leisure Activities
Authors: Kuykendall Lauren , Lei Xue , Zhu Ze , Hu Xinyu 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundWorking adults spend most of their leisure time watching TV. In this paper, we seek to clarify how experiences of psychological need fulfillment and well‐being differ when watching TV and engaging in other leisure activities. We suggest that, compared to other leisure activities, watching TV is equally conducive to fulfilling needs for: (a) relaxation and detachment from stress and (b) autonomy, but is less conducive to fulfilling needs for (c) meaning, (d) mastery, and (e) affiliation and thus also less conducive to promoting subjective wellbeing.MethodsWe tested our predictions in two day reconstruction studies and a daily diary study.ResultsPeople experienced similar levels of detachment and relaxation when watching TV and engaging in other types of leisure. However, they experienced less fulfillment of other needs, and lower levels of satisfaction and some aspects of affective well‐being, when watching TV compared to other activities. Further, unlike time spent watching TV, daily time spent in physical activities was positively associated with positive activated affect.ConclusionsGiven that watching TV tends to be associated with lower levels of need fulfillment and well‐being than other leisure activities, leisure choices may be an important target for improving employee well‐being.
Is an Auditor's Propensity to Issue Going Concern Opinions a Valid Measure of Audit Quality?
Authors: Guo Yihan , Delaney Deborah , Ahmed Ammad 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA number of previous studies use auditor propensity to issue a going concern opinion (GCO) as a proxy of audit quality when examining a sample of financially distressed firms. This study examines whether audit quality (measured by discretionary accruals) influences the probability of financially distressed firms receiving GCOs using a non‐specific sample of 2937 firm‐year observations from Australia over the period 2011–2015. The study first investigates the association between financially distressed firms and the issuance of GCOs. This association is then re‐tested after separating the total sample into low and high audit quality subsamples. The results indicate that financially distressed firms are more likely to receive GCOs, confirming the application of ASA 570 Going Concern. However, financially distressed firms that receive GCOs from their auditors are limited to firms that have higher‐quality audits.
Is the hybridization phenomenon traceable in the otolith and scale of extant Aphanius species? – A case study on hybrid offsprings of Aphanius farsicus X A. sophiae (Teleostei: Aphaniidae)
Authors: Masoudi Mojtaba , Esmaeili Hamid Reza , Teimori Azad , Ebrahimi Mehregan , Seifali Mahvash 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe otolith and scale were analysed in the hybrid offsprings between two Aphanius species, that is, A. farsicus and A. sophiae to evaluate if they are suitable to trace hybridization. An artificial reciprocal hybridization was performed between two species. The hybrids of A. farsicus♂ × A. sophiae♀ had otoliths with long and pointed rostrum with a narrow depression in the middle of the ventral rim. The otoliths of hybrids between A. farsicus♀ × A. sophiae♂ were more close to A. sophiae♂. As a result, the otolith contour of the hybrids was intermediate to those of the parents. Therefore, we suggest that some variations observed in the otoliths of Aphanius species may be resulted by hybridization particularly when they are sympatric or has geographic overlap. Also, no remarkable differences were found between the scales of hybrids and parents. This indicated that scale morphology and surface microstructures are not suitable for tracing the hybridization. If these species are sympatric due to possible translocation, it causes the genetic introgression of a native species through hybridization. This must be particularly considered in the conservation programme of endangered A. farsicus because artificial transplantation and consequent hybridization can lead to the extinction of this critically endangered species.