bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Justus von Liebig Makes the World
Authors: Marchesi Greta 
Published: June 2020

AbstractJust as capitalism’s exchange of commodities between disparate locations requires a singular referent of value, so does the movement of ideas and practices necessitate consolidations of meaning through complex fields of people, landscapes, and things. Introducing key innovations in agricultural and chemical science, Justus von Liebig’s chemical model of soil fertility involved a profound reenvisioning of organic development, distilling complex processes to a series of chemical relationships easily recognized in any geographic context. Drawing on Henri Lefebvre’s (1984) arguments about the production of abstract space, this article argues that Liebig’s assessment of nutrient extraction was essential to a broader midcentury reconsideration and reorganization of capitalist agricultural production, an example of what world ecologist Jason Moore calls an “organizational revolution,” allowing global capitalism to overcome past limits and thus move through systemic crises.
Presenting Endangerment
Authors: Baynham-Herd Zachary 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEndangered species are not simply revealed but are presented. This process of presentation is shaped by conservation discourses that reflect how actors understand, categorize, and imagine nonhuman life. Such discourses combine to produce narratives of endangerment, which influence policy and conservation efforts. This article examines how particular physical, epistemic, and cultural geographies mediate the production of conservation discourses and narratives of endangerment. It explores an anomalous case in which the endangered species presented never physically existed: the story of the conservationist Sir Peter Scott and the Loch Ness phenomena (Nessie). By reinterpreting Scott’s correspondence covering the Loch Ness Phenomena Investigation Bureau in the 1960s and 1970s, this article outlines the discursive production of Nessie as, first, a scientifically recognized species, and, second, an endangered creature warranting protection. Nessie’s nonphysical existence is argued to reveal the ways in which living things are ancillary to the discourses through which they become protected. Specifically, this article demonstrates how Nessie’s proposed endangerment was produced through ostensibly scientific discourses accessed through particular social networks, understandings, values, procedures, and imagery. In doing so it highlights the other physical and human geographies, including nationalism, landscape, media, and technology, that shaped this and likely other presentations of endangerment.
A fully automated deep learning pipeline for high-throughput colony segmentation and classification
Authors: Carl Sarah H. , Duempelmann Lea , Shimada Yukiko , Bühler Marc 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Adenine auxotrophy is a commonly used non-selective genetic marker in yeast research. It allows investigators to easily visualize and quantify various genetic and epigenetic events by simply reading out colony color. However, manual counting of large numbers of colonies is extremely time-consuming, difficult to reproduce and possibly inaccurate. Using cutting-edge neural networks, we have developed a fully automated pipeline for colony segmentation and classification, which speeds up white/red colony quantification 100-fold over manual counting by an experienced researcher. Our approach uses readily available training data and can be smoothly integrated into existing protocols, vastly speeding up screening assays and increasing the statistical power of experiments that employ adenine auxotrophy.
Effect of different biofloc starters on ammonia, nitrate, and nitrite concentrations in the cultured tilapia Oreochromis niloticus system
Authors: Putra Iskandar , Effendi Irwan , Lukistyowati Iesje , Tang Usman M. , Fauzi Muhammad , Suharman Indra , Muchlisin Zainal A. 
Published: June 2020

Background: High stocking density and intensive feeding in aquaculture systems lead to the accumulation of organic waste, which results in an increase in ammonia, nitrite, and nitrite concentrations in culture media. Biofloc is a potential technology to overcome this problem. The starter is a crucial carbon source for bacteria in the formation of biofloc. The objective of the present study aimed to explore the best starter of biofloc in a red tilapia Oreochromis niloticus culture system. Methods: A completely randomized design with four levels of treatment was used in this study. The tested starter was (A) control treatment, biofloc without starter, (B) biofloc with molasses starter, (C) biofloc with tapioca starter, and (D) biofloc with sucrose starter. The floc was cultured in 100-L tanks with a salinity of 17 ppt. The tanks were stocked with O. niloticus with a size of 3.71±0.11 cm at a stocking density of 30 fish per tank. The fish were fed on a commercial diet two times a day at satiation for 40 days. The ammonia, nitrite, and nitrite concentrations were measured for an interval of 8 days. Results: The study showed that the NH3-N range was 0.02–0.07 mg L−1 (mean, 0.03 ± 0.02 mg L−1), NO2-N range was 0.20–0.43 mg L−1 (mean, 0.25 ± 0.12 mg L−1), and NO3-N range was 0.90–3.20 mg L−1 (mean, 1.42 ± 1.19 mg L−1). Conclusion: Among the starters tested, molasses was found to be the best for biofloc in tilapia culture.
From the DSP Perspective: Exploring the Use of Practices That Align With Trauma-Informed Care in Organizations Serving People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Keesler John M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Trauma-informed care (TIC) is a systemwide approach that emphasizes organizational practices based upon principles of safety, choice, collaboration, empowerment, and trustworthiness. It is intended to influence an entire organization, with implications for clients and the workforce. The present study explored the extent to which IDD organizations utilize practices that align with TIC with their DSP workforce. Through an online survey, 380 DSPs (84% women; 82% white) responded to a trauma-informed organizational culture measure. Results demonstrated variability across items and significant differences between TIC principles with safety most strongly scored, and collaboration least strongly scored. Perception of organizational practices differed by ethnicity, with non-white DSPs having more favorable responses. Current practices with DSPs align with TIC, however, increased attention through explicit trauma-informed initiatives is warranted.
Implementing Living Independent From Tobacco With Dyads of People With Disabilities and Their Caregivers: Successes and Lessons Learned
Authors: Barnhart Wesley R. , Whalen Smith Cara N. , Ellsworth David , Coleman Erica , Lorenz Allison , Riddle Ilka K. , Havercamp Susan M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
People with disabilities have more health complications and higher healthcare utilization related to tobacco use than people without disabilities. Yet, they are less likely to use tobacco cessation resources. Important to meaningful and lasting health behavior change are relationships developed in the home, workplace, and community. Some people with disabilities rely on paid and unpaid caregivers. Just like people with disabilities, paid caregivers are more likely to use tobacco, creating a unique opportunity to target smoking cessation to people with disabilities and their caregivers. Living Independent From Tobacco (LIFT), an evidence-based tobacco cessation intervention, was implemented with dyads of people with disabilities (n = 5) and their caregivers (n = 7). Qualitative analyses revealed that participants valued the dyadic approach and the opportunity to learn coping skills to help with smoking cessation. Lessons for offering inclusive health promotion interventions to people with disabilities and their caregivers are discussed.
Du héros à l’antihéros
Authors: Costa Lorena Lopes da 
Published: June 2020

En 1919, la même année où Jean Giraudoux fait son « Adieu à la guerre », il écrit « Les morts d’Elpénor ». En 1926, à côté de trois autres histoires, ce texte intégrera le corps d’Elpénor, déterminant l’ensemble, une collection de quatre textes écrits pendant dix-huit ans, le premier étant « Cyclope », écrit en 1908 ; le deuxième, « Sirènes », en 1912 ; le troisième en 1919 ; et le dernier en 1926, « Les nouvelles morts d’Elpénor ». Quand « Cyclope » et « Sirènes » (avec des titres légèrement modifiés) sortent respectivement chez Le Matin en 1908 et chez Paris-Journal en 1912 aucun d’entre eux ne mentionne Elpénor. Bref, c’est avec le développement des deux dernières histoires, que Elpénor, cette figure effacée chez Homère et absente dans les deux premiers textes de Giraudoux, vole la vedette. Cet article voudrait montrer comment la mise à jour du héros et de ses histoires est en dialogue avec la guerre vécue par l’auteur, pour proposer comment les vieilles histoires, lorsqu’elles sont renouvelées, participent à un processus qui leur permet d’élaborer les défis du présent, communiquant le présent, à travers un code déjà public, l’Odyssée.
Incidência de doença no feijão-caupi submetido a diferentes doses de biofertilizante
Authors: Sousa Mateus Alves de , Almada Adao Pires de , Avelino Victor Sousa , Reis Iolanda Maria Soares 
Published: June 2020

O uso do biofertilizante líquido é uma alternativa sustentável para o uso agrícola, pois trata-se de uma técnica que consiste no emprego de resíduos orgânicos domésticos que são biodegradados por microorganismos, disponibilizando nutrientes para utilização em cultivos agrícolas. E pode ser uma alternativa viável para a produção de feijão-caupi, fornecendo nutrientes adequados para esta cultura, além de propiciar inibição à doenças e insetos. Diante disso, o objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar a incidência de doença no feijão-caupi submetido a diferentes doses de biofertilizante. O experimento foi desenvolvido no viveiro da Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, conduzido em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com cinco repetições. Os tratamentos foram 4 doses de biofertilizante (50, 100, 150 e 200 ml planta -1) e adubação mineral em função da análise do solo. Os dados de doenças foram submetidos a matriz binária de presença e ausência de doença e posteriormente analisados pelo teste TCL a 5% de probabilidade. O teste não apontou significância para incidência de doenças na adubação mineral com p5%, as doses de 50 e 200 ml planta-1 também apresentaram maior incidência de doenças p5%. As doses de biofertilizante que apresentaram significância e as menores incidências de doenças no feijão-caupi foram as doses de 100 e 150 ml planta-1 com p5% e apresentando 9% de incidência de doenças. O uso do biofertilizante líquido aplicado no solo inibiu a incidência de doenças no feijão-caupi.
La ciudad en los ODS y la agenda 2030. Especial referencia al caso del manejo del espacio público en Colombia
Authors: Guzmán Jiménez Luis Felipe , Cisneros Trujillo Cástulo Fernando 
Published: June 2020

El presente trabajo explica el modelo de ciudad en Colombia mediante el logro de los ODS en el marco de la agenda 2030 que regularon la planificación y ordenación del territorio teniendo en cuenta múltiples factores sociales, económicos, ambientales y técnicos en diferentes aspectos como es la prestación de servicios públicos básicos, las políticas de seguridad y salubridad, y el manejo del espacio público. Esta última preocupación bajo una planificación adecuada y sostenible de las ciudades y la garantía internacional del Derecho a la Ciudad.
Penurunan mutu dan pendugaan umur simpan sup krim instan labu kuning diperkaya tempe untuk lansia dengan metode accelerated shelf life testing (ASLT)
Authors: Aulia Salma Shafrina , Setiawan Budi , Sinaga Tiurma , Sulaeman Ahmad 
Published: June 2020

Background: Instant pumpkin cream soup enriched with tempeh had fulfilled 10% Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for elderly so that it can be used as an easy-to-serve snack, but decreasing quality of instant cream soup will be happened if the instant cream soup was stored for a long time. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze quality of water content, water activity and lipid oxidation in instant pumpkin cream soup during storage and estimated the shelf life of pumpkin cream soup enriched with tempeh.Method: Quality storage was analyzed using of water content, water activity (aw) and lipid oxidation. Estimation of shelf life was analyzed using Arrhenius Accelerated Shelf Life Testing (ASLT) model.Results: The results showed that the water content, aw levels and lipid oxidation of instant pumpkin cream soup increased during the storage period. The critical parameter used in this study was lipid oxidation. Instant cream soup without the addition of tempeh can last 447 days while the cream soup with the addition of tempeh has a shelf life of 433 days.Conclusion: Quality of instant pumpkin cream soup decreased during the storage period and it would be expired over a year.
Nehari-type ground state solutions for a Choquard equation with doubly critical exponents
Authors: Chen Sitong , Tang Xianhua , Wei Jiuyang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper deals with the following Choquard equation with a local nonlinear perturbation:−Δu+u=Iα∗|u|α2+1|u|α2−1u+f(u),x∈R2;u∈H1(R2),$$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} - {\it\Delta} u+u=\left(I_{\alpha}*|u|^{\frac{\alpha}{2}+1}\right)|u|^{\frac{\alpha}{2}-1}u +f(u), & x\in \mathbb{R}^2; \\ u\in H^1(\mathbb{R}^2), \end{array} \right. \end{array}$$whereα∈ (0, 2),Iα: ℝ2→ ℝ is the Riesz potential andf∈ 𝓒(ℝ, ℝ) is of critical exponential growth in the sense of Trudinger-Moser. The exponentα2+1$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \frac{\alpha}{2}+1 \end{array}$is critical with respect to the Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality. We obtain the existence of a nontrivial solution or a Nehari-type ground state solution for the above equation in the doubly critical case, i.e. the appearance of both the lower critical exponentα2+1$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \frac{\alpha}{2}+1 \end{array}$and the critical exponential growth off(u).
Metrology for heterogeneous sensor networks and Industry 4.0
Authors: Eichstädt S. , Ludwig B. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Networks of sensors for different measured variables increasingly form the backbone for a variety of applications in, for example, industry, mechanical engineering and environmental monitoring. The merging of data (sensor fusion) plays a central role in the application and is generally a well investigated research area. However, the consideration of metrological basic principles such as calibration, measurement uncertainties and thus traceability to the SI system of units for comparable and reproducible measurement results has been investigated comparatively little. This article discusses fundamental questions, presents approaches to solutions from the currently running EMPIR project “Metrology for the Factory of the Future” (Met4FoF) and gives an outlook on future fields of research. The article focuses on the field of application of the so-called “Industry 4.0” as the “factory of the future”.
Development and refinement of the Variational Method based on Polynomial Solutions of Schrödinger Equation
Authors: Maiz Fethi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The variational method is known as a powerful and preferred technique to find both analytical and numerical solutions for numerous forms of anharmonic oscillator potentials. In the present study, we considered certain conditions for the choice of the trial wave function. The current form of the trial wave function is based on the possible polynomial solutions of the Schrödinger equation. The advantage of our modified variational method is its ability to reduce the calculation steps and hence computation time. Also, we compared the results provided by our modified method with the results obtained by different methods in general but particularly Numerov method for the same problem.
Effect of different catalysts on the oxyalkylation of eucalyptus Lignoboost® kraft lignin
Authors: Vieira Fernanda R. , Barros-Timmons Ana , Evtuguin Dmitry V. , Pinto Paula C. R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Lignin obtained by Lignoboost® procedure from black liquor after kraft pulping of Eucalyptus globulus wood was characterized and converted into liquid polyols via an innovative and safe procedure using base catalyzed oxyalkylation with propylene carbonate (PC). The effect of four catalysts, Potassium carbonate (K2CO3), 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU), dicyanodiamide (DICY), and 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO) was evaluated in terms of lignin polyol yield and weight gain. The ensuing polyols were also characterized by fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) to determine the degree of the substitution (DS), degree of polymerization (DP), and the molecular weight, respectively. Only a minor proportion of PC (ca. 3–15%) was converted to propylene glycol/homooligomers as revealed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). All catalysts promoted preferential derivatization of lignin phenolic OH groups by oxypropyl moieties. The maximum average DP of propylene oxide chains in oxyalkylated Lignoboost® kraft lignin (oKL) was 1.85 per one phenylpropane unit (PPU) using DBU. Conversely, the DP of oKL using DICY was very low (0.27/PPU). DICY’s catalytic activity seems to be jeopardized due to the formation of unreactive adducts with lignin. The oKL obtained using DBU, DABCO, and K2CO3 have potential to be used as polyols in the production of polyurethanes as the corresponding hydroxyl number (IOH) is in the range of 198–410 mg KOH g−1.
Thickness-dependent stiffness of wood: potential mechanisms and implications
Authors: Guo Fei , Altaner Clemens M. , Jarvis Michael C. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
When wood is split or cut along the grain, a reduction in tensile stiffness has been observed. The averaged mechanical properties of wood samples, veneers or splinters therefore change when their thickness is less than about 1 mm. The loss of stiffness increases as the thickness approaches that of a single cell. The mechanism of the effect depends on whether the longitudinal fission plane is between or through the cells. Isolated single cells are a model for fission between cells. Each cell within bulk wood is prevented from twisting by attachment to its neighbours. Separation of adjacent cells lifts this restriction on twisting and facilitates elongation as the cellulose microfibrils reorientate towards the stretching direction. In contrast when the wood is cut or split along the centre of the cells, it appears that co-operative action by the S1, S2 and S3 cell-wall layers in resisting tensile stress may be disrupted. Since much of what is known about the nanoscale mechanism of wood deformation comes from experiments on thin samples, caution is needed in applying this knowledge to structural-sized timber. The loss of stiffness at longitudinal fracture faces may augment the remarkable capacity of wood to resist fracture by deflecting cracks into the axial plane. These observations also point to mechanisms for enhancing toughness that are unique to wood and have biomimetic potential for the design of composite materials.
Geschichtlichkeit des Rechts – Recht in der Geschichte. Zum Werk Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenfördes (1930–2019)
Authors: Gosewinkel Dieter 
Published: June 2020

Zusammenfassung
Welche Bedeutung haben die Rechts- und Geschichtswissenschaft füreinander? Diese Frage stellte sich Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde, der Staatsrechtler und Historiker, in seinem juristischen, verfassungshistorischen und rechtsphilosophischen Werk. Böckenförde zielte darauf, zwei Disziplinen, die in der institutionellen Auffächerung seit dem 19. Jahrhundert auseinandergestrebt waren, in einem gemeinsamen Interesse an der Erklärung von Zusammenhängen in der „Geschichte politisch-sozialer Entwicklungen“ zusammenzuführen. Er fügte dabei methodische Perspektiven und theoretische Ansätze zusammen, die viele Historiker trennten: die politische Geschichte und die Sozialgeschichte, die Geschichte des Rechts und die der Gesellschaft. Für ihn waren dies durch ein übergreifendes Erkenntnisinteresse an „Strukturen“ und „Ordnungsproblemen“ miteinander zu verbindende Gegenstandsbereiche. In Anlehnung an Otto Brunner stellte Böckenförde Juristen und Historikern die gemeinsame Aufgabe, die „politisch-soziale Bauform einer Zeit“ zu begreifen. Diesen Anspruch löste er durch einen seiner Zeit vorausweisenden hermeneutisch-wissenschaftsgeschichtlichen Zugang zum Staatsrecht wie zur Verfassungsgeschichte ein sowie in grundlegenden Beiträgen zu den „Geschichtlichen Grundbegriffen“ und zur Geschichte der Rechts- und Staatsphilosophie. Ein wissenschaftliches Vermächtnis des im Februar 2019 verstorbenen Gelehrten liegt in der tiefen Einsicht in die Geschichtlichkeit und damit Zeitgebundenheit aller staatlich-rechtlichen Ordnung: Deshalb müssen Juristen die vermeintliche Überzeitlichkeit ihrer normativen Arbeitsgrundlagen in Frage stellen und Historiker das Recht als zentralen Gegenstand ihrer Wissenschaft begreifen. Ansonsten verstehen sie weder ihre Geschichte noch ihre Gegenwart.
Vom Märtyrer zum leidenden Opfer? Umrisse einer historischen Opferforschung am Beispiel der Salzburger Emigration (1731/32)
Authors: Rudolph Harriet 
Published: June 2020

Zusammenfassung
In den populären Diskursen der Gegenwart scheint das Opfer omnipräsent. Auch in der Geschichtswissenschaft rücken Opfernarrative und Opferbilder zunehmend in den Fokus der Forschung, wobei sich die Forschungsansätze und Methoden der Frühneuzeitforschung von jenen der Zeitgeschichte stark unterscheiden. Der Beitrag stellt in einem ersten Abschnitt ein dreistufiges Analysemodell vor, mit dem die Entstehung und die sozialen Funktionen von Opferschaft vergleichend über Epochengrenzen hinweg analysiert werden können. Es ermöglicht zudem eine klare Unterscheidung zwischen beteiligten Akteursgruppen mit eigener agency und eigenen Partizipationschancen sowie zwischen unterschiedlichen Formen der Viktimisierung samt ihren Auswirkungen. Im Gegensatz zum eher statischen Begriff „Opfer“ betont das Konzept der Viktimisierung das Prozesshafte jener Vorgänge, über die ein Opferstatus im Empfinden der Betroffenen selbst, in der Wahrnehmung anderer Akteursgruppen, von Institutionen oder der Öffentlichkeit erst hergestellt wird. Im Anschluss wird das Analysemodell am Beispiel der Salzburger Emigration von 1731/1732 exemplifiziert. Forschungen zur neueren und neuesten Geschichte haben betont, dass die theoretische Konzeption des „Opfers“ als passiv leidender Mensch (victim) eng mit dem Ursprung der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft verbunden gewesen sei und vor allem durch den Ersten und Zweiten Weltkrieg gesellschaftlich wirkmächtig wurde. Die Fallstudie demonstriert, dass bereits in der Frühen Neuzeit über die Idee des sacrifice hinausweisende Dimensionen des Opfers nachweisbar und dass opferzentrierte Erinnerungskulturen keine Erfindung der Neuzeit sind.