bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of first language at the semantics–pragmatic interface
Authors: Zhang Lulu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDefinite and demonstrative determiners in English share the same central semantics of uniqueness (e.g.,Hawkins, 1991;Ionin, Baek, Kim, Ko, & Wexler, 2012;Wolter, 2006), but the computation of the semantics is constrained by different discourse conditions and determined by pragmatic knowledge, which pertains to the interface between semantics and pragmatics. This paper investigates whether L2 learners may have persistent difficulty in acquiring properties involving the semantics-pragmatics interface, by exploring the acquisition of L2 English definite and demonstrative determiners by advanced and near-native L1 Chinese learners of English. It also examines whether acquisition results are influenced by the learners’ L1 Chinese, which lacks an article system but allows demonstrative determiners. The results from a forced-choice written task show that advanced learners were unable to distinguish between the two determiners in different discourse conditions; near-native-level L1 Chinese learners displayed a native-like preference for the definite determiner, but not for the demonstrative determiner. It is argued that convergence at the semantics-pragmatics interface is not impossible for L2 learners, but (un)acquirability may be constrained by asymmetries in the L1–L2 realizations of semantics-pragmatics mappings. The findings raise interesting questions for future research into factors that can influence the acquisition of external interfaces.
Evaluation of auditory disability and cochlear functions in industrial workers exposed to occupational noise
Authors: Soylemez Emre , Mujdeci Banu 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The aim of this study is to investigate cochlear functions and auditory disability in industrial workers exposed to occupational noise (IWEON).

Method
A total of 30 normal hearing male workers (mean age: 34.2 ± 6.7; range: 24–50) who were actively working in the metal industry for at least 5 years and 30 healthy male subjects (mean age: 31.9 ± 8.3; range: 23–49) without occupational noise exposure were included in the study. Distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and Turkish version of Amsterdam Inventory for Auditory Disability and Handicap (T-AIADH) was applied to all subjects.

Results
DPOAEs at 3 and 4 kHz of the IWEON group was significantly lower than the control group (p < .05). IWEON group also was worse than the control group in terms of speech and music intelligibility in the T-AIADH (p < .05).

Conclusions
Minimal damage of the outer hair cells may cause poor speech and music intelligibility. T-AIADH and DPOAE may be used as a screening test in routine practice for early diagnosis of minimal cochlear damage.
Amorphous optical coatings of present gravitational-wave interferometers*
Authors: Granata M , Amato A , Balzarini L , Canepa M , Degallaix J , Forest D , Dolique V , Mereni L , Michel C , Pinard L , Sassolas B , Teillon J , Cagnoli G 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We report on the results of an extensive campaign of optical and mechanical characterization of the ion-beam sputtered oxide layers (Ta2O5, TiO2, Ta2O5–TiO2, SiO2) within the high-reflection coatings of the Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA gravitational-wave detectors: refractive index, thickness, optical absorption, composition, density, internal friction and elastic constants have been measured; the impact of deposition rate and post-deposition annealing on coating internal friction has been assessed. For Ta2O5 and SiO2 layers, coating internal friction increases with the deposition rate, whereas the annealing treatment either erases or largely reduces the gap between samples with different deposition history. For Ta2O5–TiO2 layers, the reduction of internal friction due to TiO2 doping becomes effective only if coupled with annealing. All measured samples showed a weak dependence of internal friction on frequency [ϕ
c(f) = af

b
, with −0.208 < b < 0.140 depending on the coating material considered]. SiO2 films showed a mode-dependent loss branching, likely due to spurious losses at the coated edge of the samples. The reference loss values of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo input (ITM) and end (ETM) mirror HR coatings have been updated by using our estimated value of Young’s modulus of Ta2O5–TiO2 layers (120 GPa) and are about 10% higher than previous estimations.
Entanglement entropy of physical states in hypercuboidally truncated spin foam quantum gravity
Authors: Bahr Benjamin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this article we consider physical states in the hypercuboidal truncation of the EPRL-FK spin foam model for Euclidean quantum gravity. In particular, these states are defined on graphs which allow considering the entanglement entropy (EE) associated to the bipartition of space. We compute the EE numerically for some examples, and find that it depends on the coupling constant α within the theory, which has recently been introduced in the face amplitude. We also find that there appears a maximum of the EE within the region of the coupling constant containing the non-Gaussian fixed point of the RG flow of the truncated model. We discuss the relation of this behaviour with the restoration of diffeomorphism symmetry at the fixed point.
Photonic architecture for reinforcement learning
Authors: Flamini Fulvio , Hamann Arne , Jerbi Sofiène , Trenkwalder Lea M , Nautrup Hendrik Poulsen , Briegel Hans J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The last decade has seen an unprecedented growth in artificial intelligence and photonic technologies, both of which drive the limits of modern-day computing devices. In line with these recent developments, this work brings together the state of the art of both fields within the framework of reinforcement learning. We present the blueprint for a photonic implementation of an active learning machine incorporating contemporary algorithms such as SARSA, Q-learning, and projective simulation. We numerically investigate its performance within typical reinforcement learning environments, showing that realistic levels of experimental noise can be tolerated or even be beneficial for the learning process. Remarkably, the architecture itself enables mechanisms of abstraction and generalization, two features which are often considered key ingredients for artificial intelligence. The proposed architecture, based on single-photon evolution on a mesh of tunable beamsplitters, is simple, scalable, and a first integration in quantum optical experiments appears to be within the reach of near-term technology.
Biofuel burning and human respiration bias on satellite estimates of fossil fuel CO2 emissions
Authors: Ciais P , Wang Y , Andrew R , Bréon F M , Chevallier F , Broquet G , Nabuurs G J , Peters G , McGrath M , Meng W , Zheng B , Tao S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The satellites that have been designed to support the monitoring of fossil fuel CO2 emissions aim to systematically measure atmospheric CO2 plumes generated by intense emissions from large cities, power plants and industrial sites. These data can be assimilated into atmospheric transport models in order to estimate the corresponding emissions. However, plumes emitted by cities and powerplants contain not only fossil fuel CO2 but also significant amounts of CO2 released by human respiration and by the burning of biofuels. We show that these amounts represent a significant proportion of the fossil fuel CO2 emissions, up to 40% for instance in cities of Nordic countries, and will thus leave some ambiguity in the retrieval of fossil fuel CO2 emissions from satellite concentration observations. Auxiliary information such as biofuel use statistics and radiocarbon measurement could help reduce the ambiguity and improve the framework of monitoring fossil fuel CO2 emissions from space.
Analysing fisheries conflict with the FishCollab ‘conflict mapping’ toolkit: lessons from Selayar, Indonesia
Authors: Abdurrahim A Y , Ross H , Adhuri D S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Fisheries conflicts often occur among coastal fishers throughout the world, especially when the condition of coastal ecosystems decreases. This paper presents a method for analysing conflicts over the utilisation of coastal resources and a route to solutions involving multiple stakeholders in achieving sustainable fisheries management. This methodwas developed and tested in a participatory study conducted with coastal communities and local government in 2016-2018 in the Selayar Islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Within the participatory approach, data collection incorporated participant observation, in-depth interviews, and discussions. The conflict mapping tool identifies the direct and indirect parties to each conflict, their contexts, strengths, the underlying needs that manifest as positions, and their concerns with respect to the conflict issues. The analysis helps analysts or the parties themselves to look for common interests, and to identify “win-win” possibilities and opportunities to negotiate new solutions.
Macrobenthos community structure in coral reef ecosystem around Pramuka Island, Jakarta
Authors: Amfa M O , Abdurrahman M I , Hidayat S A , Situmeang G L , Farwati N , Yudha F K 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Macrobenthos are organisms that live crawling, sessile, and digging holes in substrates such as sand, silt, rock, coral fragments, or dead coral. Benthos have low mobility, easy to catch, have a long life, and sensitive to some pollutants so that it can mean that benthic community structure can be used as a parameter of condition the current ecosystem of a particular area and also as information about wealth contained in the aquatic area. The study was conducted on 6-14 September 2018 in the Pramuka Island area, Kepulauan Seribu district, Indonesia. The collection of ecological data was carried out at seven different observation stations. Along with the rapid development of facilities on this island, there are threats both directly and indirectly to the preservation of the coral reef ecosystem around the Pramuka Island. The method used in collecting macrobenthos data is the Belt Transect method and collecting diversity index, evenness index, dominance index, and density. During the observation at the seven observation stations, 94 species of the seven macrobenthos phylum with the highest phylum were found, namely the Chordata phylum. The species most commonly found is Atriolum robustum. Diversity Index at each station in shallow depth and in the medium category. The evenness value obtained indicates a stable community condition. The highest index of dominance occurred at Pramuka Island Dock. Macrobenthos conditions from seven observation stations on Pramuka Island and its surroundings are still relatively good.
Study on the medium effect for the growth rate of Spirulina, Arthrospira platensis in natural seawater
Authors: Aung U S T 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSpirulina,Arthrospira platensis, is the most important microalgae for the production of biomass as health food for human and animal food. In this experiment, the growth rates ofA. platensiswere tested at seven different media (F-2 with CaCO3, F-2 with NaHCO3, Z-1 with CaCO3, Z-1 with NaHCO3, Z-2 with NaHCO3, urea and T-super with NaHCO3, and PES with NaHCO3) at pH 9 to 10 and salinity 30%0. The culture was started at the optical density (OD) 0.20 and the experimental period was ended after 10 days in the laboratory room. Among the media urea and T-super with sodium bicarbonate were recorded the best. The optimum growth ofA. platensis(OD 0.69) was observed in urea and T-super with sodium bicarbonate. In addition, urea and T-super with sodium bicarbonate gave rise to the maximum growth ofA. platensisand then followed by Z-1 medium with NaHCO3and PES medium with NaHCO3. The minimum OD 0.44 was recorded in F-2 medium by using CaCO3. The results of present investigation revealed the potential use of seawater with some nutrients for laboratory culture ofA. platensis.
Biological aspect of double-spined rock lobster (Panulirus penicillatus) in Wonogiri Regency waters, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Beni  , Zairion  , Wardiatno Y 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSpiny lobsters (Panulirus spp.) are an economically important species in the fishery industry and continuously being exploited, particularly in the South of Java. Lobsters in Wonogiri Regency waters have decreased in number, and the average size lobsters caught is also getting smaller. Double-spined rock lobster (Panulirus penicillatus) is the dominant species caught by the fishermen but has limited biological information. The objective of this study is to identify several factors affecting double-spined rock lobster (P. penicillatus) population in terms of growth parameters, mortality rates, and exploitation rates. This study was conducted in August 2018-January 2019. The analysis uses the FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tool (FISAT II) program. The growth rates (K) of P. penicillatus male and female lobsters are 0.32 year-1and 0.37 year-1. The mortality rates (Z) 2.35 year-1for males and 2.84 year-1for females. The exploitation rate of males 0.77 and females 0.77 and 0.78, respectively. It has exceeded the optimal level (0.5) and reached overfishing value. The management of lobster fisheries needs to be done by several approaches, including a reduction of fishing efforts and prohibited from catching lobster in berry (with eggs) conditions to sustain their population naturally.
Evaluation of mud crab utilization in the small outermost island: A case study of Enggano Island, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia
Authors: Cahyadinata I , Fahrudin A , Sulistiono  , Kurnia R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM) has an important role in balancing social, economic, and ecological goals. This study aims to (1) assess the suitability of mud crab habitat quality, (2) analyse the business efficiency, and (3) examine the management status of mud crab fisheries on small islands. Survey method was used by distributing questioner to 42 respondents and observation was carried out at four stations using the habitat quality index, benefit-cost, and EAFM analysis. The mud crab habitat was classified to be a good category with an index of habitat quality is 74. The state of catch business was in the efficient category which was indicated buy R/C value 3.04. Its fisheries management was included to be a medium category in implementing EAFM. According to evaluating each domain factor, the good category was the economic aspect; furthermore, the fish resources, habitat, ecosystems, and fishing techniques were in medium categories. In addition, the social domain was in the less category, while the institutional domain was not applied to the EAFM.
Morphology and molecular identification on octopus (Genus Octopus Cuvier, 1798) caught in Palabuhanratu, Sukabumi, West Java
Authors: Hakim A A , Bagaskoro B , Mashar A , Farajallah A , Wardiatno Y 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOctopus (genusOctopus)is a member of family Octopodidae with two valid species in Indonesia. From fishery point of view octopus utilization has been started to increase, although, the effort to catch it is still limited. This research was aimed to identify octopus (genusOctopus) collected from Palabuhanratu Bay morphologically, with validation by means of molecular technique. This research was done from January to June 2017. Thirty-seven individuals were obtained, and were analyzed morphologically and molecularly. Morphological identification showed that samples have a characteristic similarity toOctopus cyanea.Arm Suckers Count (ASC) was the most diverse morphometrical character. Gene characteristics of the samples have 99% similarity toOctopus cyaneagene that stored in NCBI site’s database. Molecular analysis obtained similarity on genetic characteristics for all samples. Based on morphology characteristic and molecular validation, all samples were determined asOctopus cyanea.
Taxonomic status investigation of freshwater eels (Anguilla spp.) based on the molecular marker in seven rivers that flow to Palabuhanratu Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Hakim A A , Kamal M M , Butet N A , Affandi R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Freshwater eels (Anguilla spp.) are catadromous fish with widely distributed in the world and have long spawning migration. Palabuhanratu Bay is one of the potential areas and high activity for freshwater eels fishing. There have several rivers that flow to Palabuhanratu Bay. Species taxonomy certainty is needed to determine resource management. This study aimed to investigate the taxonomic status of Anguilla spp. based on Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene markers in seven rivers that flow to Palabuhanratu Bay. The sample was collected using timber traps (local name is bubu) from August and December 2014. The result of molecular identification obtained high agreement sequences that were morphologically identified six samples as A. bicolor bicolor and one sample as A. marmorata. Construction of the phylogeny tree indicated that intra-subspecies of A. bicolor bicolor had a close relationship and real apart from A. marmorata with a genetic distance range of 0.051-0.053. A. bicolor bicolor sequences of each river mixed and merged into one group. Molecular identification had shown taxonomy status of Anguilla spp. in several rivers that flow to Palabuhanratu Bay, Consequently, it could be determined for appropriate management.
Marine mini-and micro-shells from Klong Chao Beach, Koh Kut, Trat province, Eastern Thailand
Authors: Kamtuptim C , Dumrongrojwattana P 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Marine mini- and micro-shells from Klong Chao Beach, Koh Kut, Trat province, Eastern Thailand have been investigated between the 3rd - 9th of June, 2019. Specimens were randomly collected from the sand sediments in the sandy beach and microhabitat such as under the rock, dead corals, etc in rocky shore by handpicking. A total of 31 families, 57 genera and 66 species were recorded. At least 30 taxa are enlisted as a new record of the Gulf of Thailand.
Mole crab phylogenetics relationship analysis in Parangkusumo and Ketawang Beach Waters
Authors: Krisanti M , Ramadhan B F , Mashar A , Butet N A , Hakim A A , Wardiatno Y 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Mole crabs are the high economic value of aquatic biota that has an important role in the trophic structure, but the continuous use of it can result in disruption of the population. Therefore, accurate information is needed as a reference for determining the right management base. This study aims to analyze the phylogenetic relationships of mole crabs in Yogyakarta and Purworejo coastal waters using COI gene markers. The study was conducted at Ketawang and Parangkusumo Beach. The analysis process consists of morphological and molecular identification. The results were sequenced and processed using MEGA 5. Mole crabs analysis results had a closeness value of 96.27%. The genetic distance of mole crabs from both locations is 0.000 – 0.005. Mole crabs obtained from the location were morphologically identified as Emerita emeritus and successfully validated using the COI gene with a value of 96%. Thus, mole crabs in this study have a very close kinship relationship.
Status of coastal biodiversity in the face of climate change with respect to islands
Authors: Mishra J K 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The ecosystem services rendered to the humankind is countless. However, the structural composition of these very ecosystems is under threat due to some unforeseen factors associated with the changing climate conditions. The island ecosystem, which is unique in terms of its endemic flora and faunal distribution pattern with ecological sustainability, is under tremendous pressure. In addition, it is isolation from the main continental landmass makes them more fragile, unstable and highly vulnerable to any imminent changes occurring in their vicinity. The most common issues associated with them are biodiversity loss and probable threat to the bioresources of the islands due to several issues of concern about the climate change, sea-level rise, pollution, land stratification and several other anthropogenic activities. Islands too, have vivid form of ecosystems like terrestrial and aquatic (including both freshwater and marine), with heterogenic coastal habitats including sandy beaches, mudflats, marshlands, mangroves, creeks, grasslands, etc. But percentage of endangered species is very high in case of Islands, where factors like pollution, global warming, climate change, natural calamities and habitat utilization pattern play major role in this respect. In recent times, it has also been well documented that the variation in environmental conditions due to climate change impact and change in coastal geomorphology compounded with the sea level rise has become a matter of concern. This has invited enormous attention from think tanks from different walks of life to moot strategies for restoration and management of the coastal and island ecosystems.
Water quality and organic content from intensive system of vaname production at coastal area of Sumur, Pandeglang, Banten
Authors: Pratiwi N T M , Widigdo B , Syifa D A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The high stocking and proper feeding in intensive system of vaname shrimp production remain organic waste. The increase input of feed along with shrimp biomass rises accumulated organic matter. The quality of shrimp pond disposal influences water quality surround effluent area shrimp pond activities. The study aims to analyze the magnification of organic waste of the intensive shrimp pond. The research was conducted in one production cycle of four ponds, by observing condition of water quality and organic matter. The result shows that in general, the water quality parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH), nutrient (ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate); and organic matter (COD) were suitable to the shrimp production process. There were also found four different groups of organic conditions according to the level of feeding and pond drainage periods. Group 1, 2, and 3 showed that the presence of organic matter was inversely proportional to ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate; while in Group 4, the organic matter was proportionally to nitrite and nitrate. As a whole, proper maintenance kept organic matter in a safe level to dispose into the environment.
Environmental sensitivity index assessment algorithm in coastal areas: A method
Authors: Rakasiwi G , Damar A , Rustandi Y , Hermanto  , Wibowo A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Accuracy of data is needed for assessment of environmental sensitivity index (ESI) in coastal areas. This paper aims to create an algorithm and database system for calculating ESI values with three main elements, vulnerability index (VI), ecological index (EI) and socio-economic index (SI). The themes that are calculated include the type of beach, coral reef, mangrove, seagrass ecosystem, and location of community economic activities such as tourism, port, agricultural land, fishpond, salt ponds, mariculture, and capture fisheries. Algorithms are compiled for ESI calculations so that they are structured and accurate through the compilation of databases from VI, EI, and SI determinants, preparation of input tables, and presentation of results of ESI calculations. The database is built using Microsoft Excel software.