bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment and prognosis of primary pulmonary lymphoma: A long‐term follow‐up study
Authors: Santopietro Michelina , Kovalchuk Sofia , Battistini Roberta , Puccini Benedetta , Annibali Ombretta , Romano Ilaria , Zoli Valerio , Avvisati Giuseppe , Bosi Alberto , Rigacci Luigi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPrimary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL) is a rare disease with not well‐defined optimal treatment. Outcomes and follow‐up are variable in published data.ObjectivesTo define the outcome and optimal treatment strategies in PPL.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of 49 patients with PPL treated in three Italian Hematological Institutions between 2002 and 2018.ResultsThirty‐eight (77.5%) cases were indolent PPL, and 11 (22.5%) cases were aggressive PPL. The majority of patients were asymptomatic at diagnosis, early stages (stages IE‐IIE), normal serum LDH, no bone marrow involvement, and low or low‐intermediate risks of IPI. Local therapy ± immunotherapy or immuno‐chemotherapy was possible in 18/49 (37%) patients. Twenty‐eight (57%) patients were treated with immuno‐chemotherapy after biopsy. Waiting and watching were reported in 3 (6%) patients. Overall, the CR and ORR were 83.7% and 95.9%. With a median follow‐up of 62.5 months (range 0.8‐199 months), the estimated 5‐ and 10‐year OS rates were 85% and 72.3% for all patients, 89.2% and 80.3% for indolent PPL, and 70.7% and 47.1% for aggressive PPL. Aggressive PPL tended to have a high risk of progression in the first months (P = .056). No advantages were found for indolent PPL who received immuno‐chemotherapy or more conservative approaches.ConclusionOur studies confirm the epidemiological and favorable survival of patients with PPL, suggesting a very conservative approach, particularly in indolent subtypes.
Long‐range correlations of soil water content time series under tillage and different cover crops in a semi‐arid vineyard
Authors: San José Martínez Fernando , García‐Gutiérrez Báez Carlos , Caniego Monreal Francisco Javier , Peregrina Fernando 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe explored the suitability of multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MFDFA) to characterize the temporal dynamics of soil water content (SWC), we analysed the origin of the multifractality of time series of the dynamic of SWC and we investigated how this dynamic was affected by different soil treatments and depths, through the characterization of long‐range correlations. Temporal data of SWC from conventional tillage and two different cover crops at three different depths in a Mediterranean vineyard were examined. The dataset spanned 18 months in 30‐min intervals. We investigated if SWC dynamics, as reflected by long‐range dependencies, can be detected and quantified by MFDFA in the form of scaling laws. We analysed the randomly shuffled series associated with temporal data of SWC to investigate if the detected multifractality of the data reflected either a broad density function of the values of the series or different long‐range correlations for small and large fluctuations in the dataset. Finally, the impact of treatment and depth on the variation of long‐range dependencies was studied. Our results suggest that the time records of soil moisture in a Mediterranean vineyard show a multifractal behaviour compatible with complex patterns of long‐range correlations. Moreover, this complex structure is affected by depth, as depicted by the statistically significant variation of the generalized Hurst exponent h(0), which controls the logarithmic mean of the fluctuation of SWC over a period of time. No significant interactions between treatments and depth was found. This suggests that soil properties that influence soil water dynamics at each depth are not affected by cover crop treatments. This could be due to the fact that the experiment lasted less than 2 years and no long‐term interactions were present at this time interval.Highlights
Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MFDFA) characterizes soil water content dynamics.
MFDFA detects the influence of soil depth on long‐range correlations.
Time series of soil moisture are multifractals compatible with complex patterns of long‐range correlations.
Long‐range dependencies are affected by depth but no interaction has been found between soil treatment and depth.
IL6R is a target of miR‐197 in human keratinocytes
Authors: Masalha Moamen , Gur‐Wahnon Devorah , Meningher Tal , Ben‐Dov Iddo Z. , Kassem Riad , Sidi Yechezkel , Avni Dror 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder with cutaneous and systemic manifestations and substantial negative effects on patients’ quality of life. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post‐transcriptional regulators of gene expression that play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Previously studies, from others and by us, highlighted specific miRNAs that are dysregulated in psoriatic lesions. MicroRNA‐197‐3p (miR‐197) expression is downregulated in psoriatic lesions compared to normal or uninvolved skin in patients with psoriasis. We have previously reported that miR‐197 could modulate IL‐22 and IL‐17 signalling in psoriasis. Herein, we identify additional biochemical targets of miR‐197 in psoriasis. We applied a transcriptome‐wide biochemical approach, Protein argonaute‐2 photoactivatable ribonucleoside‐enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (Ago2 PAR‐CLIP), to search for new targets of miR‐197 in live keratinocytes, and validated its results using reporter assay and analysing by Western blot protein levels in cells overexpressing miR‐197. Ago2 PAR‐CLIP identified biochemical targets of miR‐197, including the alpha subunit of the IL‐6 receptor (IL6R). This work provides evidence that IL6R in bona‐fide biochemical target of miR‐197. IL6R is known to be up‐regulated in psoriasis and even was considered as a possible therapeutic target. From the present data and our previous studies, it appears that miR‐197 is a major regulator of the interaction between immune system cells and keratinocytes.
Evidence for local carbon‐cycle perturbations superimposed on the Toarcian carbon isotope excursion
Authors: Wang Yunfeng , Ossa Ossa Frantz , Wille Martin , Schurr Simon , Saussele Mario‐Erich , Schmid‐Röhl Annette , Schoenberg Ronny 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA Jurassic negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE), co‐evolved with Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE) at ~183 Ma, is suggested to be linked to a global carbon‐cycle perturbation and is well documented for Toarcian terrestrial fossil woods and marine sediments around the globe. A theoretically coupled δ13Ccarb‐δ13Corg pattern due to such dubbed global carbon‐cycle event from the negative CIE in Dotternhausen Toarcian stratigraphic profile (southwest Germany) is unexpectedly disturbed by two‐step δ13Ccarb‐δ13Corg decoupling in which the last step, upper in the stratigraphic order, is of higher magnitude. However, the trigger(s) for these sudden decoupling disturbances are still poorly constrained. Here, connecting new carbon and oxygen isotope data with documentary lipid biomarkers shows that the global carbon cycle during the Toarcian OAE was disturbed by enhanced green sulfur bacteria (GSB) metabolisms and early diagenesis at local scales. The first step δ13Ccarb‐δ13Corg decoupling was induced in the initial stage of the GSB bloom. The second step of much larger δ13Ccarb‐δ13Corg decoupling arising from a GSB prosperity was, however, exaggerated by early diagenesis through the respiration of sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB). Paleo‐geographically distinct localities of the Tethys region show contrasting decoupled δ13Ccarb‐δ13Corg patterns, which implies that the second‐order carbon‐cycle perturbations have pervasively and independently impacted the global carbon event during the Toarcian OAE.
Stable isotopes demonstrate intraspecific variation in habitat use and trophic level of non‐breeding albatrosses
Authors: Mills William F. , McGill Rona A. R. , Cherel Yves , Votier Stephen C. , Phillips Richard A. 
Published: August 2020

The non‐breeding period is critical for restoration of body condition and self‐maintenance in albatrosses, yet detailed information on diet and distribution during this stage of the annual cycle is lacking for many species. Here, we use stable isotope values of body feathers (δ13C, δ15N) to infer habitat use and trophic level of non‐breeding adult Grey‐headed Albatrosses Thalassarche chrysostoma (n = 194) from South Georgia. Specifically, we: (1) investigate intrinsic drivers (sex, age, previous breeding outcome) of variation in habitat use and trophic level; (2) quantify variation among feathers of the same birds; and (3) examine potential carry‐over effects of habitat use and trophic level during the non‐breeding period on subsequent breeding outcome. In agreement with previous tracking studies, δ13C values of individual feathers indicate that non‐breeding Grey‐headed Albatrosses from South Georgia foraged across a range of oceanic habitats, but mostly in subantarctic waters, between the Antarctic Polar Front and Subtropical Front. Sex differences were subtle but statistically significant, and overlap in the core isotopic niche areas was high (62%); however, males exhibited slightly lower δ13C and higher δ15N values than females, indicating that males forage at higher latitudes and at a higher trophic level. Neither age nor previous breeding outcome influenced stable isotope values, and we found no evidence of carry‐over effects of non‐breeding habitat use or trophic level on subsequent breeding outcome. Repeatability among feathers of the same individual was moderate in δ13C and low in δ15N. This cross‐sectional study demonstrates high variability in the foraging and migration strategies of this albatross population.
Phylogeographical history of the Olive Woodpecker Dendropicos griseocephalus, a species widely distributed across Africa
Authors: Fuchs Jérôme , Bowie Rauri C. K. , Melo Martim , Boano Giovanni , Pavia Marco , Fjeldså Jon 
Published: August 2020

Few studies have quantified the extent of genetic differentiation within widely distributed polytypic African bird species with disjunct ranges. Current knowledge indicates that high levels of genetic differentiation are found for such lineages but generalization of the pattern requires further comparisons with other co‐distributed taxa. We assessed the extent of phylogeographical structure across the range of the Olive Woodpecker Dendropicos griseocephalus using mitochondrial and nuclear intron data. The Olive Woodpecker occupies the forests of Central (Dendropicos griseocephalus ruwenzori) and Eastern (Dendropicos g. kilimensis) Africa, with a disjunct morphological lineage (Dendropicos g. griseocephalus) occurring in southern Africa. Each of the subspecies lineages can be diagnosed using morphology. Phylogenetic analyses of our sequence data recovered three monophyletic lineages with kilimensis sister to ruwenzori, and griseocephalus as sister to the clade uniting these two taxa. Molecular species delimitation methods and estimates of gene flow under the isolation‐with‐migration model suggest that the clade uniting the central and eastern subspecies may be recognized as distinct at the species level from the nominate subspecies, which is restricted to southern Africa. We conclude that D. griseocephalus (Boddaert, 1783) and D. ruwenzori (Sharpe, 1902) (including subspecies kilimensis) should be considered full species. The biogeographical pattern we uncover for the Olive Woodpecker differs from that of other co‐distributed widespread species both in terms of the order of sequence divergence of lineages occupying different areas of endemism in Africa, and in the timing of divergence, being younger (0.5–0.7 mya BP) than that recovered for the co‐distributed Square‐tailed Drongo Dicrurus ludwigii (0.9–1.6 mya BP).
White‐faced darter distribution is associated with coniferous forests in Great Britain
Authors: Geary Matthew , von Hardenberg Achaz 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Understanding of dragonfly distributions is often geographically comprehensive but less so in ecological terms.
White‐faced darter (Leucorhinnia dubia) is a lowland peatbog specialist dragonfly which has experienced population declines in Great Britain. White‐faced darter is thought to rely on peat‐rich pool complexes within woodland, but this has not yet been empirically tested.
We used dragonfly recording data collected by volunteers of the British Dragonfly Society from 2005 to 2018 to model habitat preference for white‐faced darter using species distribution models across Great Britain and, with a more detailed landcover data set, specifically in the North of Scotland.
Across the whole of Great Britain, our models used the proportion of coniferous forest within 1 km as the most important predictor of habitat suitability but were not able to predict all current populations in England.
In the North of Scotland, our models were more successful and suggest that habitats characterised by native coniferous forest and areas with high potential evapotranspiration represent the most suitable habitat for white‐faced darter.
We recommend that future white‐faced darter monitoring should be expanded to include areas currently poorly surveyed but with high suitability in the North of Scotland.
Our results also suggest that white‐faced darter management should concentrate on maintaining Sphagnum rich‐pool complexes and the maintenance and restoration of native forests in which these pool complexes occur.
An uncommon type of segmental root development after revitalization
Authors: Jiang X. , Liu H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo describe four cases of an uncommon type of segmental root development after endodontic revitalization procedures. The formation, development and prognosis of this phenomenon are discussed, along with the causes and preventive measures.SummaryThis report describes one immature maxillary anterior tooth with an extensive periapical lesion after partial extrusion caused by trauma and three immature mandibular premolars with extensive periapical lesions after fracture of the dens evaginatus. All four teeth underwent revitalization procedures. During follow‐up, an uncommon type of segmental root development was observed in each case, where the apical segment appeared to detach from the body of the root and developed separately. In all cases, the detached apical root segments continued to develop with a shape and structure similar to that of a normal root tip. However, further development of the root body did not appear to occur. The follow‐up times of the present cases were 11, 60, 41 and 67 months, respectively. All four teeth remain intact and functioned normally without symptoms. Cases 2 and 3 displayed positive reactions to electrical pulp tests during follow‐up.Key learning points

Trauma and extensive periapical inflammation may result in the detachment of Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath (HERS) and apical papilla from the root, thus creating a separate apical root segment.

Formation of an apical root segment could be regarded as evidence of displacement of the HERS and apical papilla. Once this occurs, there is no chance that the main root of the tooth will develop into a normal‐sized root.

This type of segmental root development is always possible. If the teeth have suffered from severe trauma or have long‐term and large periapical lesions before revitalization, the possibility of segmental root development should be considered.

During the process of revitalization, intracanal bleeding is induced by rotating a pre‐curved K‐file 2 mm past the apical foramen. This procedure should be done gently to protect the apical structures and avoid iatrogenic factors that could lead to abnormal root development.
Influence of post‐core material and cement peculiarities on stress of post‐cores under ultrasonic vibration: a three‐dimensional finite element analysis
Authors: Han T. , Chen K. , Cao R. , Zheng T. , Chen Z. , Zhang X. , Yan X. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo analyse the effect of post‐core, and cement materials and thickness of the cement lute on the stress in post‐core systems under ultrasonic vibration at different frequencies and amplitudes using three‐dimensional finite element analysis.MethodologyEight three‐dimensional finite element models of a maxillary central incisor with post‐cores were established. Two post‐core materials (Au and Ni‐Cr alloys), two cements (glass ionomer (GI) and zinc phosphate (ZP)) and two cement layer thicknesses (50 and 150 μm) were considered. Vibration loads were applied near the neck on the buccal side of the core at frequencies of 10–40 kHz and amplitudes of 10–50 μm. The maximum shear stress of the cement layer and maximum principal stress of the roots and their distributions were investigated.ResultsThe stresses on cements and roots increased with an increase in the frequency and amplitude of the vibration load and elastic modulus of the cements, and decreased with increasing thickness of the cement layer and elastic modulus of the post‐core. Maximum cement stress was observed on the contralateral upper part of the loading side, whereas the maximum root stress was found on the ferrule where the load was applied.ConclusionsIn this simulated model, the frequency and amplitude of ultrasound needed to remove a post‐core were positively related to the elastic modulus of the post‐core and thickness of the cement layer and negatively related to the elastic modulus of the cements.
Review: Thermal ceramic coatings as energy saving alternatives for high temperature processes
Authors: Sako Eric Y. , Orsolini Heloisa D. , Moreira Murilo , de Meo Carlos E. , Pelissari Pedro I. B. G. B. , Salvini Vania R. , Pandolfelli Victor C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractReductions in energy consumption for high temperature processes are an important research topic, especially due to the ongoing energy crisis scenario. Based on the several possibilities of saving it, thermal coatings are an economical and technical viable possibility of tailoring the optical properties of a material surface. Although many studies have been published on the benefits of high emissivity and high reflectivity ceramic coatings, there is still a lack of a clear understanding on the correlation between thermal radiation heat transfer, solid state physics, and material science technology. This study aims to create a connection between these areas in order to provide basic guidelines for the correct use of thermal ceramic coatings, leading to achieving the maximum decrease in energy consumption by their use.
Is a cover letter still needed? Using LIWC to predict application success
Authors: Brandt Pia Magdalena , Herzberg Philipp Yorck 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study investigated whether word categories of LIWC (Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count) are able to predict application success. To this end, 581 cover letters, CVs and complete application documents were analysed. Based on previous research, successful candidates, who receive a job offer, were expected to have used a more categorical, complex, and less self‐centred language. Conversely, rejected applications were expected to have been written in a dynamic style, linguistically simpler, more concerned with hedonistic issues and focused on the day‐to‐day lives. Overall, existing models could only be partially applied. Both the cover letter and the CV were found to contain predictive information regarding application success, which is noteworthy given the distinct standardization of application documents.
Does distance to hospital affect emergency department presentations and hospital length of stay among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients?
Authors: Rana Rezwanul , Gow Jeff , Moloney Clint , King Alex , Keijzers Gerben , Beccaria Gavin , Mullens Amy 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe primary goal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management is to optimise a patient's functional status and quality of life. By encouraging effective patient self‐management within primary healthcare, unplanned and potentially avoidable COPD admissions to the emergency department (ED) can be avoided.AimThe aim of this study is to examine whether distance to hospital influences the rate of ED presentation, hospital admission and hospital length of stay for COPD patients.MethodsThe 2016 to 2018 resulted in a total of 5253 patient presentations with a primary medical diagnosis code of J44 (COPD). These were at the main hospitals of three Queensland Hospital and Health Services: Toowoomba, Ipswich and Gold Coast. To examine the variations in patient characteristics based on distance, a one‐way ANOVA (analysis of variance) test was conducted. The Kruskal‐Wallis test indicated that there were group differences.ResultsThis study identified significant variation in COPD‐related hospital length of stay and distance to hospital among COPD patients within three hospitals in South East Queensland, Australia. These results confirm that distance plays an important role in determining duration of hospital stay (in number of days) among COPD patients, with clear evidence of the distance ‘decay phenomenon’. It appears from the findings of the current study that distance to the hospital is not associated with the greater likelihood of ED presentation but may influence length of stay.ConclusionsSeveral distance‐specific studies have concluded that lower utilisation of hospital care is associated with distance to hospital.
Effects of web‐based training on Spanish pre‐service and in‐service teacher knowledge and implicit beliefs on learning to write
Authors: Jiménez Juan E. , Seoane Rocío C. , García Eduardo , de León Sara C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe present study evaluated the effects of web‐based training on Spanish pre‐service and in‐service teacher knowledge and implicit beliefs on learning to write. A sample of pre‐service teachers and in‐service teachers from Mexico, Guatemala, Ecuador, Colombia, and Spain participated in the online course. Findings suggest that teachers may improve their knowledge of transcription skills (i.e., handwriting/typing, spelling), text production, and strategies for composing as necessary components of quality writing instruction. Effects were also found on the teachers' implicit beliefs. Finally, both pre‐service and in‐service teachers positively rated the online course received.