bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of strengthening the Baltic Sea ECA regulations
Authors: Jonson Jan Eiof , Gauss Michael , Jalkanen Jukka-Pekka , Johansson Lasse 
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Emissions of most land-based air pollutants in western Europe
have decreased in the last decades. Over the same period emissions from
shipping have also decreased, but with large differences depending
on species and sea area. At sea, sulfur emissions in the SECAs
(Sulphur Emission Control Areas) have decreased following the implementation
of a 0.1 % limit on sulfur in marine fuels from 2015. In Europe the North
Sea and the Baltic Sea are designated as SECAs by the International
Maritime Organisation (IMO). Model calculations assuming present (2016) and future (2030) emissions have
been made with the regional-scale EMEP model covering Europe and the
sea areas surrounding Europe, including the North Atlantic east of 30∘ W. The main focus in this paper is on the effects of ship
emissions from the Baltic Sea.
To reduce the influence of meteorological variability, all model
calculations are presented as averages for 3 meteorological years
(2014, 2015, 2016). For the Baltic Sea, model calculations have also been made
with higher sulfur emissions representative of year 2014 emissions. From Baltic Sea shipping the largest effects are calculated for NO2
in air, accounting for more than 50 % of the NO2 concentrations in central parts of the
Baltic Sea. In coastal zones contributions to NO2 and also nitrogen
depositions can be of the order of 20 % in some regions.
Smaller effects, up to 5 %–10 %, are also seen for PM2.5 in
coastal zones close to the main shipping lanes.
Country-averaged contributions from ships are small for large
countries that extend far inland like Germany and Poland, and larger for
smaller countries like Denmark and the Baltic states Estonia, Latvia, and
Lithuania, where ship emissions are among the largest contributors to
concentrations and depositions of anthropogenic origin.
Following the implementations of stricter SECA regulations, sulfur emissions
from Baltic Sea shipping now have virtually no effects on
PM2.5 concentrations and sulfur depositions in the Baltic Sea region. Adding to the expected reductions in air pollutants and depositions
following the projected reductions in European emissions, we expect that
the contributions from Baltic Sea shipping to NO2 and
PM2.5 concentrations, and to depositions of nitrogen, will be
reduced by 40 %–50 % from 2016 to 2030 mainly as a result of the Baltic
Sea being defined as a Nitrogen Emission Control Area from 2021. In most
parts of the Baltic Sea region ozone levels are expected to decrease from
2016 to 2030. For the Baltic Sea shipping, titration, mainly in winter, and
production, mainly in summer, partially compensate. As a result the
effects of Baltic Sea shipping on ozone are similar in 2016 and 2030.
Miller at the Outpost: The Evolution of Social Warning inAn Enemy of the PeopleandThe Crucible
Authors: Ross Zackary 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article examines Arthur Miller's motivation to adapt Henrik Ibsen's An Enemy of the People shortly before he began work on The Crucible. In both texts, Miller explores themes of social warning and the responsibility of the individual to stand up to injustice. The article proposes that his failure to gain widespread audience attention with the earlier and lesser known text led the author to begin work on what has become a staple within the American dramatic canon. In effect, the two texts work in tandem, elucidating the threat posed to American democracy during the Communist witch hunts.
Sun and Shadow, 1955: cinco obras de Josep Maria Sostres que aprendieron de un libro
Authors: García Estévez Carolina Beatriz 
Published: November 2019

Es posible reseguir la estela del libro Sun and Shadow (1955) a lo largo de la producción de toda una generación de arquitectura española de los años 50. A propósito de Marcel Breuer, Sostres escribiría uno de sus mejores ensayos críticos, Creación Arquitectónica y manerismo (1955), en el que reconocería: “No creemos, no obstante, que la fidelidad a la obra de un gran maestro excluya una aportación e incluso una poética personal”. Una poética que se valida sólo y desde el trabajo, y que situaría cinco obras del arquitecto catalán -la casa Agustí (1953), la Casa Alonso (1955) en Ciudad Diagonal, los Apartamentos en Torrebembarra (1955), la Casa Iranzo (1956) y la MMI (1957)- a la sombra del legado del arquitecto americano.
It is possible to trace the wake of the book Sun and Shadow (1955) throughout the production of an entire generation of Spanish architecture of the 50s. Sostres would write one of his best critical essays about Marcel Breuer, Architectural Creation and Mannerism (1955), in which he would recognize: “We do not believe, however, that fidelity to the work of a great master excludes a personal contribution and even a personal poetics”. A poetics that can only be validated from the work, and that would place five works of the Catalan architect in the shadow of the legacy of the American architect.
Moderno mundano
Authors: Castellanos Gómez Raúl 
Published: November 2019

Con motivo de la publicación del libro de Carla Sentieri, Valencia: vivienda y ciudad abierta. Jaime Roig. Historia de una calle, este artículo contextualiza sus aportaciones en el marco de la arquitectura española de los años sesenta, y, en especial, de la vivienda burguesa en la ciudad de Valencia. Su evolución desde la construcción entre medianeras característica del ensanche hacia la edificación abierta en los nuevos barrios, los modelos impuros derivados de la torre o el bloque modernos, las ambigüedades distributivas de las viviendas y su tripartición interior, la apertura y la domesticidad de las plantas bajas, son algunos de los temas tratados en el libro que aquí se presentan sintéticamente.
On the occasion of the publication of Carla Sentieri’s book, Valencia: housing and open city. Jaime Roig. History of a street, this article contextualizes its contributions within the framework of the Spanish architecture of the sixties and especially of the bourgeois housing in the city of Valencia.
Lo que en los libros no se ve: un elogio del viaje
Authors: Granell Trias Enrique 
Published: November 2019

Estas notas quieren ser la reivindicación del viaje como experiencia didáctica de primer orden. Si en las aulas, como en un laboratorio, podemos aislar los diferentes aspectos que un edificio presenta e incluso podemos ocultar aquellos que presenten contradicciones con el relato general de una lección, la visita directa, el estar allí respirando el mismo aire en el que la arquitectura se produce nos instala en la simultaneidad que la arquitectura siempre ha sido.
These notes want to be the vindication of the trip as a major didactic experience. If in the classrooms we can isolate the different aspects that a building presents and even hide those that present contradictions, being there breathing the same air in which the architecture is produced installs us in the simultaneity that architecture has always been.
Reflexiones sobre la transparencia estructural
Authors: Linares de la Torre Óscar , Albareda Valls Albert 
Published: November 2019

Desde la antigüedad hasta el siglo XIX la estructura portante tiene un papel fundamental en la definición del espacio arquitectónico. Sin embargo, la irrupción del acero como material estructural y del vidrio como cerramiento transparente durante el siglo XIX permite disociar ambas funciones en dos sistemas constructivos totalmente diferentes. La arquitectura moderna, a través de la cubierta plana y la planta libre, hace de esta dicotomía su estandarte: nunca antes en la historia de la arquitectura, la estructura vertical había adquirido una autonomía total con respecto al cerramiento, pudiendo éste ser totalmente transparente. La voluntad de disponer de cerramientos de vidrio de cada vez mayores dimensiones, hace que la industria del vidrio evolucione considerablemente a finales del siglo XX. Esta evolución tecnológica deriva en una mejora importantísima de las prestaciones mecánicas del vidrio, que permite empezar a plantear su uso como elemento estructural: por primera vez en la historia de la construcción es posible emplear un material transparente como estructura. Estructura y cerramiento vuelven a unificarse como en la antigüedad, pero esta vez lo hacen en un elemento totalmente transparente. La estructura, entendida como aquel elemento autónomo y claramente identificable propio de la arquitectura moderna, parece entonces haber desaparecido. El objetivo del presente artículo es señalar de qué modo afecta el uso del vidrio como material estructural en la relación de dicotomía entre el sistema de cerramiento espacial y el sistema estructural que ha caracterizado a la arquitectura moderna.
Since ancient times until the nineteenth Century, structure plays a fundamental role in the definition of architectural space. Nevertheless, the appearance of steel for structural purposes and glass as transparent enclosure allows dissociating both functions in two different constructive systems. Modern Architecture makes this dichotomy one of its standards. At the end of the twentieth Century, the mechanical capabilities of glass were so improved that its structural application became possible. Structure and enclosure became unified again as in ancient times, although through a fully transparent element now. Structure, understood as the autonomous and clearly identified element of the Architecture of modernity, seems to be disappeared. The aim of this paper is to point out how the use of the glass as structural material affects the relation between the spatial enclosure system and the structural system that has characterized the modern architecture.
Comportamento espaço-temporal de variáveis limnológicas em área de proteção ambiental no ecossistema Amazônico
Authors: Bianchi Guilherme Bessa , Svierzoski Nicoly Dal Santo , Andrade Nara Luísa Reis de 
Published: November 2019

A expansão urbana atrelada a falta de ordenamento acarreta grandes impactos ao meio ambiente, sobretudo aos ambientes aquáticos. O presente estudo objetivou analisar o comportamento espaço-temporal de variáveis limnológicas e o Índice de Estado Trófico (IET) em dois ambientes lênticos do Parque Ecológico Municipal (PEM) Lagoas dos Buritis, em Ji-Paraná, Rondônia. Foram realizadas análises entre maio de 2016 e março de 2017, seguindo a sazonalidade da região com base na série histórica de vazão do rio Ji-Paraná, disponibilizada pela Agência Nacional de águas. As variáveis limnológicas analisadas foram: temperatura, potencial Hidrogênionico, oxigênio dissolvido, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio, clorofila-a, nitrito e nitrogênio amoniacal. Foram realizadas análises multivariadas (Teste de normalidade de Shapiro-Wilk, teste paramétrico de Tukey, e teste não-paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis e Wilcoxon pareado) para possível investigação espaço-temporal do ambiente em estudo. Os resultados foram confrontados com a Resolução do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (CONAMA nº 357/2005. Os resultados indicam que o ambiente aquático apresentou hipoxia, com valores médios de oxigênio dissolvido variando de 0,36 mg.L-1 a 2,48 mg.L-1, com susceptibilidade de ocorrência de floração de algas, com valor de clorofila-a de até 27,7 μg.L-1,estando ambas as variáveis em desacordo com os parâmetros do CONAMA nº 357/05. As classes do IET variaram de mesotrófico à supereutrófico. Tais resultados evidenciaram que as lagoas do PEM de Ji-Paraná estão sendo impactadas pela atividade urbana de suas imediações.
The (Inter)cultural Missing Link in Conference Interpreting
Authors: Leal Lobato Ana l. 
Published: November 2019

The second half of the twentieth century brought about increased international contacts between people from different origins, which led to changes in the translation studies landscape, impacting conference interpreters as well. Although interpreting scholars acknowledge that interpreters are both linguistic and intercultural mediators, at first glance, culture and intercultural mediation appear to be neglected in the domain of conference interpreting, unlike the domains of community and sign language interpreting.
In this paper, I conduct an analysis on how the established professional discourse and the scholarly literature have portrayed culture and intercultural mediation in conference interpreting. The analysis reveals various conceptualizations of culture and different stances regarding intercultural mediation. Amongst them, reductionist conceptualizations of culture seem to dominate; conceptualizations that have informed the conference interpreting pedagogy. However, this state of affairs contrasts sharply with the current culturally diverse interpreting landscape, what might have an impact on practice and professional identity.
Temperature dependence of the Seebeck coefficient for mixed semiconducting and metallic single-wall carbon nanotube bundles
Authors: Hayashi Daisuke , Nakai Yusuke , Kyakuno Haruka , Miyata Yasumitsu , Yanagi Kazuhiro , Maniwa Yutaka 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The temperature (T) dependence of the Seebeck coefficient (S) for single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bundles was systematically investigated as a function of the chemical potential (μ) through theoretical simulations employing non-equilibrium Green’s function theory. The bundles were modeled as laterally aligned parallel circuits of semiconducting and metallic SWCNTs. The T dependence of S varied substantially with μ and with metallic SWCNT content. The calculated results semi-quantitatively reproduced the typical behavior observed experimentally for SWCNT films with chemical doping reported previously.
A APRENDIZAGEM DO CONCEITO SAÚDE ENSINADO COM BASE NA TEORIA DA APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA EM AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA / LEARNING HEALTH CONCEPT THROUGH A TEACHING BASED ON MEANINGFUL LEARNING THEORY IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES
Authors: Miranda Cristiano José Martins de , Belmont Rachel , Lemos Evelyse Dos Santos 
Published: November 2019

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a evolução do conhecimento de estudantes de ensino médio sobre o conceito Saúde, ensinado em aulas de Educação Física. O estudo, do tipo intervenção pedagógica, teve a Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa como principal referencial teórico e foi realizado com 41 alunos de uma escola pública fluminense. Considerando os conhecimentos prévios dos alunos, a intervenção priorizou os conceitos centrais do tema, integrou atividades práticas e teóricas, favoreceu a participação ativa e a negociação dos significados entre alunos, professor e conteúdo. Os registros foram obtidos por meio do pré-teste e pós-teste; um desenho e uma carta. Os dados foram categorizados usando a análise de conteúdo e o teste Wilcoxon foi realizado para comparar os resultados do pré-teste e do pós-teste. Os resultados indicam evidências iniciais de aprendizagem significativa expressas por um discurso mais diferenciado e abrangente do conceito Saúde e de fatores associados a ela.
APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA E CONSTRUÇÃO DE SABERES DOCENTES NA LICENCIATURA EM FÍSICA / MEANINGFUL LEARNING AND CONSTRUCTION OF TEACHING KNOWLEDGE IN DEGREE IN PHYSICS
Authors: Clebsch Angelisa Benetti , Alves Filho José De Pinho 
Published: November 2019

Este artigo analisa dados decorrentes de um estudo que envolveu os cursos de Licenciatura em Física, ofertados por instituições públicas de Santa Catarina. Com base nos saberes docentes e em documentos legais foram definidas dimensões e categorias de análise para a pesquisa. Projetos pedagógicos e planos de ensino de disciplinas pedagógicas de Física e Estágios Supervisionados foram submetidos à análise documental. Foram aplicados questionários e entrevistas com docentes formadores e licenciandos de seis instituições. A Aprendizagem Significativa não foi objeto de análise da pesquisa, mas emergiu nos dados das entrevistas aplicadas com doze licenciandos, vinculada a componentes do Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), utilizado como categoria de análise nas dimensões pedagógica e prática. Apresentam-se resultados derivados do estudo com os seguintes objetivos: a) classificar a presença da Aprendizagem Significativa em implícita e explícita e b) relacionar a Aprendizagem Significativa com o PCK.
Managing the Implementation and Evaluation of the School Reading Program
Authors: E. Lucero Nelson , B. Rebosquillo Marjun , P. Nieves Jeneve , M. Tubice Ferlyn , S. Ibao Serena , Escartin Flor 
Published: November 2019

Aims: Non-reading phenomenon among students is a worldwide problem. This problem continues to balloon despite the various governments’ program. This study was conducted to determine the positive and negative experiences met by the school managers during the implementation and evaluation of the reading program in their respective area.
Study Design: Qualitative- phenomenology.
Place and Duration of Study: Digos City, Davao del Sur, Philippines, School Year 2018-2019.
Methodology: Purposive; Focus-Group Discussions; Validated Researcher-made questionnaire.
Results: Nine themes surfaced from the data analysis; implementation of the program; appointment of reading coordinator; amelioration of reading teachers; initiative of school administration; availability of reading materials; involvement in SIP/AIP creation; variations on identified challenges; heartening situations; satisfaction with co-workers and DepEd personnel; and recommendations for improvement.
Conclusion: Contextualization of the reading program allows learners to connect and interact with the texts. School heads need to be consistent with their policies. They need to involve the teachers concern not only those chosen few because it creates partition and conflict. Teachers’ dedication and initiative to the program is essential; however, school managers need to provide relevant materials for its smooth implementation. Further, success of any program depends on the cooperation among the implementers. Unity and understanding among workers are essential in order to achieve the purpose of any endeavor.
Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease: A Physicians Perspective
Authors: Ichendu Paul Nsirimobu , Chika Duru 
Published: November 2019

Background: Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD) are non-suppurative cardiovascular sequlae of group A Streptococcus pharyngitis affecting children and young adults. Despite concerted efforts aimed at prevention, they still remain diseases of public health concern globally.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and practice of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease among physicians practicing in public and private hospitals in two states of the Niger delta region of Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: Using a structured self administered questionnaire with 9 questions, 123 physicians from all the medical and surgical specialties were interviewed. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20.
Results: Majority (95.93%) of the doctors were working in Government hospitals and nearly half (49.59%) of them were Paediatricians. Over half (50.41%) had more than 5 years’ experience in medical practice. Among the cadre of the doctors, house officers represented 44.72% while Consultants constituted 17.07% of the study participants. The study showed that 70 (56.91%) of the study participants selected at least seven correct answers out of the nine questions that assessed their knowledge and practice and so showed a good knowledge and practice of ARF and RHD.
Conclusion: Though a good level of knowledge and practice was gotten from our study, there are still some gaps in the knowledge and practice that can be improved by health education through training and retraining our healthcare professionals. We therefore recommend the inclusion of ARF and RHD in CME and other training programs.
Nicotine Replacement Therapy and Electronic Cigarettes: Awareness among Medical Students
Authors: Khalaf Ahmad Taha , Wan Jun , Al-Jashamy Karim , Abdul Kadir Samiah Yasmin , Zainol Jamaludin , Doustjalali Saeid Reza , Sabet Negar Shafiei , Kyi Aung May , Hani Arafeh Yassin , Lok Xia Shin Jessica , Sahrom Izzatul Akmal Binti , Muftah A. E. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Whereas the use of electronic nicotine devices, such as e‐cigarettes and nicotine replacement therapy, is on the rise, the awareness of these treatment options among health workers especially medical students is not well investigated.
Objective: This study was aimed to determine the knowledge and perception of the nicotine, nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and e‐cigarettes among medical students.
Methodology: This study is a descriptive study in which the research is measuring the knowledge and perception regarding tobacco cigarettes, nicotine, NRT and e‐cigarettes, as well as observing the smoking rate in a given population simultaneously. A questionnaire was designed and applied to medical students in all 5 years. The sample size targeted was 200 with equal distribution among pre-clinical and clinical medical students. However, the number of responses obtained during the process of data collection was 184.
Results: The results of this study showed the knowledge and perception of the tobacco smoking hazards towards health and its substitutes had 46.0% and 53.6% on moderate knowledge levels and the majority 91.0% and 97.6% did not smoking among the preclinical and clinical respectively. The overall findings regarding opinion and knowledge on health risk among all participants are shown the majority participants 93 (76.9%) the tobacco cigarettes caused health risk. Regarding NRT, majority of preclinical 42(57.6%) and clinical 33 (69.8%) participants having low knowledge of NRT of health risk with a P value of 0.08 between the two groups. Also, majority of participants showed extremely agreed the smoking-related to the lung cancer, atherosclerosis in coronary and peripheral arteries. Majority of the participants in both preclinical and clinical agreed with the smoking addiction and agreed that facts on electronic cigarettes contain tobacco. Majority of preclinical and clinical students showed low knowledge of health risk and dependence potential.
Conclusion: medical students are not reasonable and overestimate the true hazards of tobacco smoking towards health. Additionally they are not knowledgeable about nicotine, NRT and e-cigarettes. Although, a large proportion of participants were exposed frequently to smokers, especially clinical phase students, they lack the knowledge and the correct perception regarding nicotine replacement therapy.