bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analgecine inhibits NF-kB to regulate microglia polarization by TLR4 MyD88-dependent and MyD88-independent pathways in ischemic stroke
Authors: Yang Cuicui , Gong Shili , Chen Xiaoping , Wang Mingyang , Zhang Li , Li Lin , Zhang Dongqing , Zhang Lan , Hu Chaoying 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to erroneous posting.
A Comparison Study of Percutaneous Endoscopic Decompression and Posterior Decompressive Laminectomy in the Treatment of Thoracic Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Cheng Xiao-Kang , Bian Fu-Cheng , Liu Zhao-Yu , Yang Feng-Kai , Chen Bin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Percutaneous endoscopic decompression (PED) is considered a minimally invasive and safe procedure in lumbar degenerative disease. Few authors report the success of PED for thoracic spinal stenosis (TSS) with thoracic myelopathy. The objective of this study was to compare the outcome of PED versus posterior decompressive laminectomy (PDL) for TSS.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 30 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for single-level TOLF from January 1, 2015 to May 1, 2019.These patients were divided into PED (n=16) and PDL(n=14) group. Preoperative demographic characteristics and perioperative outcomes were reviewed. Pre- and postoperative neurological status was evaluated using the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score and the recovery rate (RR).Results: The patients’ mean age was 57.3 years (27-76) in PED group and 58.8 years (34-77) in PDL group. No statistical difference was found between two groups with regards to neurological status at pre-operative and final follow-up. The RR in PED group achieved the same improvement as PDL group (87.5% vs 85.7%, P>0.05), while the PED brought advantages in operative time(m) (86.4 vs 132.1, p<0.05), blood loss (mL) (18.21 vs 228.57, p<0.05),drainage volume(mL) (15.5 vs 601.4, p<0.05), hospital stay (d) (3.6 vs 5.6, p<0.05).Conclusions: Both PED and PDL showed favorable outcome in the treatment of TSS. Besides, PED had advantages in reducing traumatization. In terms of perioperative quality of life, PED could be an efficient supplement to traditional posterior decompressive laminectomy in patients with TSS.
Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes for Lipid Metabolism in Dedifferentiated Preadipocytes from Different Tissues of Chicken
Authors: ma zheng , Luo Na , Liu Lu , Cui Huanxian , Li Jing , Xiang Hai , Kang Huimin , Li Hua , Zhao Guiping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The body distribution with high intramuscular fat and low abdominal fat is ideal goal for broiler breeding. Preadipocytes with different origins have differences in metabolism and gene expression. This transcriptome analysis of intramuscular preadipocytes (DIMPs) and adipose tissue-derived preadipocytes (DAFPs) is aim to explore the characteristics in lipid deposition of different chicken preadipocytes by dedifferentiation in vitro. Results: Compared to DIMFPs, the lipid content was increased (P <0.05) in DAFPs after two days with 100% confluence. Moreover, 66 DEGs of lipid metabolism were screened, which are involved in the adipocyte differentiation, fatty acid transport and fatty acid synthesis, lipid stabilization, and lipolysis. Among them, the representative CEBPA, DGKH, DGKQ, DGKD, FADS1L1, SCD, SCD5, and PPARG were down-regulated, but CIDEC, ELOVL1, ELOVL6, FABP3, FABP4, FADS6, LPL, MOGAT1, PLIN3, PLIN4, RBP7, and RXRG genes were up-regulated (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) in the DAFPs, showing the same pattern with the lipid content. Based on the known DEGs, the well-known pathways affecting lipid metabolism (MAPK-, TGF beta-, Calcium-, PPAR signaling pathway) were enriched, which may also contribute to the regulation of lipid deposition. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the difference of lipid deposition between DIMPs and DAFPs of chicken in vitro. The lipid content was significantly increased in DAFPs by the up-regulation of genes on cellular uptake of fatty acids through medication of MAPK-, TGF beta-, Calcium-, and PPAR signaling pathways. These findings provide new insights into the regulation of tissue-specific fat deposition and optimizing body fat distribution in broilers.
New View on the Organization and Evolution of Palaeognathae Mitogenomes Poses The Question on the Ancestral Gene Rearrangement in Aves
Authors: Urantowka Adam Dawid , Kroczak Aleksandra , Mackiewicz Pawel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBird mitogenomes differ from other vertebrates in gene rearrangement. The most common avian gene order, first identified in Gallus gallus, is considered ancestral for all Aves. However, other rearrangements including a duplicated control region and neighboring genes have been reported in many representatives of avian orders. The repeated regions can be easily omitted due to inappropriate DNA amplification or genome sequencing, and may thus be readily overlooked. This raises a question about the actual prevalence of mitogenomic duplications and the validity of the current view on the avian mitogenome evolution. In this context, Palaeognathae is especially interesting because is sister to all other living birds (Neognathae). So far, a unique duplicated region has been found in one palaeognath mitogenome, that of Eudromia elegans. ResultsTherefore, we applied an appropriate PCR strategy to look for omitted duplications in other palaeognaths. The analyses revealed the duplicated control regions with adjacent genes in Crypturellus, Rhea and Struthio as well as ND6 pseudogene in three moa. The copies are very similar and were subjected to concerted evolution. Mapping the presence and absence of duplication onto the Palaeognathae phylogeny indicates that the duplication was an ancestral state for this avian group. This feature was inherited by early diverged lineages and lost two times in others. Comparison of incongruent phylogenetic trees based on mitochondrial and nuclear sequences showed that two variants of mitogenomes could exist in the evolution of palaeognaths. Included data for other avian mitogenomes revealed that the last common ancestor of all birds and early diverging lineages of Neoaves may also possess the mitogenomic duplication.ConclusionsThe duplicated control regions with adjacent genes are more common in avian mitochondrial genomes than it was previously thought. These two regions could increase effectiveness of replication and transcription as well as the number of replicating mitogenomes per organelle. In consequence, energy production by mitochondria may be also more efficient. However, further physiological and molecular analyses are necessary to assesses the potential selective advantages of the mitogenome duplications.
Cardiac Strain as a Predictor of Adverse Events and Ventricular Remodeling: A Cohort Study
Authors: GONG yanjun , Lu Yuan , Huo Jessica C. , Wang Zhi , Yang Fan , Fang Shu , Qiu Lin , Qiu Jianxing , Huo Yong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: It remains controversial whether cardiac strain accurately predicts adverse events after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of cardiac strain revealed on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging on cardiac events and adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling.Methods: Between February 2015 and September 2016, we conducted a prospective two-center cohort study of patients with STEMI treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention comprising stent implantation. All included patients underwent CMR imaging before discharge. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and LV remodeling were assessed during 6 months of follow-up.Results: Seventy-six patients were available for the final analysis. The MACE rate was 23.7%, using cardiac death, reinfarction, unplanned revascularization, and heart failure as combined events during 6 months of follow-up. The global longitudinal strain (GLS) was an independent predictor of MACE (OR=1.21 (1.07–1.36), P=0.002) and LV remodeling (OR=2.06 (1.14–3.73), P=0.017).Conclusion: In patients with STEMI treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention, the GLS determined on CMR imaging performed before discharge is a predictor of MACE and adverse LV remodeling during 6 months of follow-up.
Association of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Enzymes with the Risk and Mortality of Sepsis Among Chinese Children
Authors: He Danni , Li Ning , Lu Xiuxiu , Li Wei , Chen Yuanmei , Sun Zhongyuan , Zhang Lipeng , Guo Linying , Cui Xiaodai , Song Guowei , Niu Wenquan , Zhang Qi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Sepsis is a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to explore the association of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activities with the risk for pediatric sepsis, and interrogate their association with hospitalized mortality among affected children.Methods: A total of 50 incident cases with sepsis and 49 healthy controls participated in this study. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).Results: The levels of CoQ10, complex II, complex I+III and FoF1-ATPase were significantly higher in controls than in cases. In children with sepsis, levels of CoQ10 and complex I+III were significantly higher in survived cases than in deceased cases. Per 0.05 μmol/L, 50 nmol/min.mg and 100 nmol/min.mg increment in CoQ10, complex I+III and FoF1-ATPase were associated with significantly lowered risk of having sepsis, even after adjusting for confounding factors (OR=0.85, 0.68 and 0.04, P: 0.001, <0.001 and <0.001, respectively). Per 0.05 μmol/L and 50 nmol/min.mg increment in CoQ10 and complex I+III was associated with significantly lowered risk of dying from sepsis during hospitalization, and significance retained after adjustment (OR=0.73 and 0.76, 95% CI: 0.59 to 0.90 and 0.64 to 0.89, P=0.004 and 0.001, respectively) in sepsis children.Conclusion: Our findings indicate the promising predictive contribution of serum CoQ10 and complex I+III to the risk of pediatric sepsis and its associated mortality during hospitalization among Chinese children.
Dynamic Clinical Features During the Para-Exacerbation Period of Critical COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Bao Aihua , Zhou Yan , Yunfei Lu , Qiao Lihua , Ding Fengming , Lu Hongzhou , Zhang Min 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background COVID-19 has been currently spread all over the world with high mortality reported in severe COVID-19 patients. Many severe COVID-19 patients exacerbated from mild illness several days after hospital admissions. Pathophysiological evolution within this para-exacerbation period remain unclear.Methods Twenty-two confirmed COVID-19 patients who underwent at least one exacerbation were included. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological data were extracted from electronic medical records and compared between the records of hospital admission day and the exacerbation day. Dynamic profiles of critical parameters were explored during the para-exacerbation period.Results Most of the patients were elder (67, IQR63-79), male (81.8%), coexisted with comorbidities (72.7%), multi-segments radiologically involved and exacerbated from mild to severe illness with anoxia at a median interval of 4 days (IQR, 2-7) from hospital admissions. On exacerbations, various clinical parameters were worsened, including respiratory rate, PaO2/FiO2 rate (PFR), alveolar-arterial PO2 difference (A-aDO2), hematological cellularities, biochemical parameters and radiological abnormalities. Dynamic profiles showed that neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and serum level of lactic acid, lactate dehydrogenase and coagulation parameters started to increase even at four days before the exacerbation. Conclusions Anoxia due to impaired gas exchange progress pathophysiologically characterized the exacerbation of COVID-19 patients. Continuously monitoring crucial clinical parameters, such as NLR, serum albumin, LDH, lactic acid, and CT involvement scale will be helpful to improve the recognition of the disease progression in patients with COVID-19 at early stage.Trial registration This retrospective study has been registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000030580, www.chictr.org.cn)
Genome-Wide Epigenomic Stress Response in the European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus Labrax, L.)
Authors: KRICK Madoka V. , DESMARAIS Erick , SAMARAS Athanasios , GUERET Elise , DIMITROGLOU Arkadios , PAVLIDIS Michalis , TSIGENOPOULOS Costas S , GUINAND Bruno 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: While the stress response inspired genome-wide epigenetic studies in vertebrate models, it remains mostly ignored in fish. We modified the epiGBS (epiGenotyping By sequencing) technique to explore changes in genome-wide cytosine methylation to a repeated acute stress challenge in the nucleated red blood cells (RBCs) of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). This species is widely studied in both the natural and farmed environments, including issues regarding health and welfare.Results: We retrieved 501,108,033 sequencing reads after trimming, with a mean mapping efficiency of 73.0% (unique best hits). Fifty-seven differentially methylated cytosines (DMCs) close to 51 distinct stress-related genes distributed on 17 of 24 linkage groups (LGs) were detected between RBCs of pre- and post-stress individuals. Literature surveys indicated that thirty-eight of these genes were previously reported as differentially expressed in the brain of zebrafish, most of them involved in stress coping differences. DMC-related genes associated to the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor, a protein that favors stress adaptation and fear memory, are especially relevant.Conclusion: We provide an improved epiGBS protocol with increased multiplexing and sequencing capacities that offer new opportunities to improve data acquisition and to investigate important biological processes at a genome-wide level, such as the stress response. Minimally invasive RBCs deserve more attention to investigate the epigenetic response to stress without sacrificing fish.
Characteristics of Relief and Residual Low Back Pain After Discectomy in Patients With Lumbar Disc Herniation: Analysis Using a Detailed Visual Analogue Scale
Authors: Takahashi Hiroshi , Aoki Yasuchika , Inoue Masahiro , Saito Junya , Nakajima Arata , Sonobe Masato , Akatsu Yorikazu , Koyama Keita , Shiga Yasuhiro , Inage Kazuhide , Eguchi Yawara , Orita Sumihisa , Maki Satoshi , Furuya Takeo , Akazawa Tsutomu , Abe Tetsuya , Funayama Toru , Noguchi Hiroshi , Miura Kousei , Mataki Kentaro , Shibao Yosuke , Eto Fumihiko , Kono Mamoru , Koda Masao , Yamazaki Masashi , Ohtori Seiji , Nakagawa Koichi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Recently, several authors have reported favorable results in low back pain (LBP) for patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) treated with discectomy. However, detailed changes over time in the characteristics and location of LBP before and after discectomy for LDH remain unclear. To clarify these points, we conducted an observational study to evaluate the detailed characteristics and location of LBP before and after discectomy for LDH, using detailed and bilateral visual analog scales (VAS).Methods: Sixty-five patients with LDH treated with discectomy were included in this study. A detailed VAS for LBP was administered under 3 different postural conditions: in-motion, standing, and sitting. Bilateral VAS was also administered (affected versus opposite side) for LBP, lower extremity pain (LEP), and lower extremity numbness (LEN). The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was used to quantify clinical status. Changes over time in these VAS and ODI were investigated. Pfirrmann classification and Modic change as seen by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were reviewed before and 1 year after discectomy to evaluate disc and endplate condition.Results: Before surgery, LBP on the affected side in motion were significantly higher than LBP while sitting. This heightened LBP on the affected side in motion was significantly improved after discectomy. On the other hand, the residual LBP while sitting at 1 year after surgery was significantly higher than the LBP in motion or while standing. At 1 year following discectomy, residual LBP while sitting was significantly greater in cases showing larger changes in Pfirrmann grade or Modic type.Conclusions: Improvement of LBP on the affected side while in motion following discectomy suggests that radicular LBP is improved by nerve root decompression. Furthermore, the finding that residual LBP while sitting is reflective of the load and pressure put on the disc and endplate.
The Effect Of Salinity On Enterocytozoon Hepatopenaei &nbsp;Infection In Penaeus Vannamei Under Experimental Conditions
Authors: Aranguren Luis Fernando , Alghamdi Faris , De Belder Katrien , Lin J. , Mai Hung N. , Millabas Jasmine , Alrehaili Y. , Alazwari Anwer , Algetham Saif , Dhar Arun K. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is an enteric pathogen that affects Penaeus vannamei and P. monodon shrimp in many SE Asian countries. In the western hemisphere, EHP was reported for the first time in 2016 in farmed P. vannamei in Venezuela. Anecdotal evidence suggests that EHP is more prevalent in grow-out ponds where the salinity is high (>15 parts per thousand (ppt) compared to grow-out ponds with low salinities (<5 ppt). Considering that P. vannamei is an euryhaline species, we were interested in knowing if EHP can propagate in P. vannamei in low salinities. Result: In this study, we described an experimental infection using fecal strings as a source inoculum. Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) P. vannamei were maintained at two different salinities including 2 ppt and 30 ppt, and continuously challenged using feces from known EHP-infected P. vannamei over a period of three weeks. The fecal strings, used as a source of EHP inocula in the challenges, was sufficient to elicit infection in shrimp maintained at both salinities. Infectivity of EHP in shrimp reared at 2 and 30 ppt salinities was confirmed by PCR and histopathology. The prevalence and the severity of EHP infection was higher at 30 ppt than 2 ppt. Conclusion: The data suggest that fecal strings is a reliable method to conduct EHP challenges via fecal-oral route. EHP infection can occur at a salinity as low as 2 ppt, although the prevalence and the severity of EHP infection is higher at a salinity of 30 ppt compared to 2 ppt.
Effect of Gender and Residual Feed Intake Phenotype on the Transcriptome of Liver and Skeletal Muscle Tissue in Purebred Simmental Beef Cattle
Authors: McKenna Clare , Keogh Kate , Porter Richard K. , Waters Sinead M. , Cormican Paul , Kenny David A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The selection of cattle with enhanced feed efficiency is of paramount importance with regard to reducing feed costs in the beef industry. However the role, if any, of gender to the underlying molecular control of feed efficiency in cattle is not currently known. Global transcriptome profiling was undertaken on liver and skeletal muscle biopsies from Simmental heifers and bulls divergent in residual feed intake (RFI) feed efficiency phenotype, in order to identify differentially expressed genes that may be associated with this trait. Results: We identified 5 genes (p<0.001; false discovery rate (FDR) <0.1) to be differentially expressed in skeletal muscle between high and low RFI heifers with all 5 transcripts being up-regulated in the low RFI phenotype. Among these differentially expressed genes, all transcripts were involved in oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial homeostasis. A total of 11 genes (p<0.001;FDR <0.1) were differentially expressed in hepatic tissue between high and low RFI bulls with 8 transcripts being up-regulated and 3 being down-regulated in the low RFI phenotype. These differentially expressed genes were related to oxidative response, protein mediation and cell signalling. No genes were identified as differentially expressed in both heifer liver and bull muscle analyses. Conclusions: Results from this study show a clear effect of gender to the underlying molecular control of RFI in cattle, which may be attributable to differences in the physiological age between heifers and bulls. Despite this we have highlighted a number of genes that may hold potential as molecular biomarkers for RFI cattle.
Initial Description of the Genome of Aeluropus Littoralis, a Halophile Grass
Authors: Hashemi Seyyed Hamidreza , Arab Mojhdeh , Dolatabadi Behnaz , Kuo Yi-Tzu , Baez Mariana Alejandra , Himmelbach Axel , Nematzadeh Ghorbanali , Maibody Seyed Ali Mohammad Mirmohammady , Schmutzer Thomas , Mälzer Michael , Altmann Thomas , Kuhlmann Markus 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The use of wild plant species or their halophytic relatives has been considered in plant breeding programs to improve salt and drought tolerance in crop plants. Aeluropus littoralis serves as halophyte model for identification and isolation of novel stress adaptation genes. This species is described as perennial monocot grass. A. littoralis grows in damp or arid areas, often salt-impregnated places and waste land in cultivated areas. A. littoralis can survive where the water salinity is periodically high and tolerate high salt concentrations in the soil up to 1100 mM sodium chloride. Therefore, it serves as valuable genetic resource to understand molecular mechanisms of stress-responses in monocots. The knowledge can potentially be used for improving tolerance to abiotic stresses in economically important crops. Several morphological, anatomical, ecological, and physiological traits of A. littoralis have been investigated so far and also the transfer of stress related genes to other species resulted in enhanced stress resistance. After watering with salt water the grass is able to excrete salt via its salt glands. Meanwhile, a number of ESTs (expressed sequence tag), genes and promoters induced by the salt and drought stresses were isolated, sequenced and annotated at a molecular level. Results: Here we describe the genome sequence and structure of A. littoralis analyzed by whole genome sequencing and histological analysis. The chromosome number was determined to be 20 (2n = 2X = 20), absence of B chromsomes shown, and the genome size calculated to be 354 Megabasepairs.Conclusions: This genomic information provided here, will support the functional investigation and application of novel genes improving salt stress resistance in crop plants.