bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of product development network positions on product performance and confidentiality performance
Authors: Lan Yingchao , Massimino Brett J. , Gray John V. , Chandrasekaran Aravind 
Published: August 2020

AbstractProduct development networks facilitate access to information, knowledge, and technologies that are otherwise difficult to obtain during innovation activities. Most current research on networks focuses on studying product performance benefits, but ignores the potential negative effects on confidentiality performance. Addressing this gap, we investigate how two key components of a firm's network position—network centrality and structural holes—affect both product and confidentiality performance. To do this, we assemble a panel of 1,468 electronic video games designed and developed by 591 developers over an 11‐year period. We find that higher network centrality relates to better product performance but worse confidentiality performance. Meanwhile, firms spanning more structural holes enjoy better performance across both dimensions. In an exploratory analysis, we find that product novelty strengthens the positive relationship between network centrality and product performance but mutes the positive relationship between structural holes and product performance. We discuss the importance of these findings to the literature on innovation in inter‐organizational networks.
Antioxidant quantification in different portions obtained during olive oil extraction process in an olive oil press mill
Authors: De Bruno Alessandra , Romeo Rosa , Piscopo Amalia , Poiana Marco 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDDifferent antioxidant compounds are generally transferred from olives to olive oil during the production process. This work characterized the principal total bioactive compounds (tocopherols and phenols) in olives, olive oil and by‐products of four cultivars grown in Calabrian areas (southern Italy), considering the effect of harvesting period. Antioxidant capacity, total and individual phenolic compounds were also analysed.RESULTSDrupes, olive paste, pomace and olive wastewater showed similar phenolic compounds, while olive oil possessed a different composition, suggesting that phenols are not only transferred from drupe to oil, but also they change during oil production. Tocopherols varied among cultivars and harvesting period: generally, they were more abundant in samples produced in the first harvesting period.Qualitative and quantitative differences in phenolic composition and antioxidant activity were significantly found among cultivars in all the matrices.CONCLUSIONThe highest amount of total phenolic antioxidants ended up in olive wastewater with variability due to the olive cultivar, while only a small part of them finished in the oil. This work shows evidence that the availability of bioactive compounds in different portions from the olive oil extraction belong to different varietal origins. In particular, new information was acquired on Ottobratica Calipa, a new olive clone, that produced an olive oil with an interesting antioxidant amount. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Clinical relevance of performing endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle biopsy for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors less than 2 cm
Authors: Heidsma Charlotte M. , Tsilimigras Diamantis I. , Rocha Flavio , Abbott Daniel E. , Fields Ryan , Smith Paula M. , Poultsides George A. , Cho Cliff , van Eijck Casper , van Dijkum Elisabeth Nieveen , Maithel Shishir K. , Pawlik Timothy M. ,   the US Neuroendocrine Tumor Study Group
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to define the diagnostic yield and concordance rates between endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‐fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) and surgical pathology specimen following resection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET) less than 2 cm.MethodsPatients with a pNET less than 2 cm who underwent EUS‐FNA were identified using a multi‐institutional international database. Tumor differentiation, and Ki‐67 index, as determined through EUS‐FNA were examined and concordance rates between EUS‐FNA and the surgical pathology were assessed.ResultsAmong 628 patients with a pNET less than 2 cm, 57.2% of patients had an EUS‐FNA performed. Patients who underwent EUS had slightly smaller size tumors (1.3 vs 1.4 cm), and the pNETs were less likely to be functional (15.3% vs 26.8%) or symptomatic (48.5% vs 56.5%) (both P < .05). Among 314 patients with a pNET less than 2 cm who had an EUS‐FNA performed at the time of diagnosis, 243 (73.2%) had the diagnosis confirmed by preoperative EUS‐FNA. Tumor differentiation and Ki‐67 could be determined by EUS‐FNA in only 26.4% and 20.1% of patients, respectively. Concordance rate between EUS‐FNA and pathology was high relative to tumor differentiation (92.7%) and Ki‐67 (81.0%).ConclusionTumor differentiation and Ki‐67 index could be determined by EUS‐FNA in only 26.4% and 20.1% of cases, respectively. Further studies should focus on EUS techniques to optimize diagnostic yield and cell extraction in the preoperative setting.
Prognostic impact of lymphovascular invasion in pT1‐T3 gallbladder adenocarcinoma
Authors: Dominguez Dana A. , Aversa John G. , Hagerty Brendan L. , Diggs Laurence P. , Raoof Mustafa , Davis Jeremy L. , Hernandez Jonathan M. , Blakely Andrew M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundMost gallbladder cancers are diagnosed after cholecystectomy for presumed benign disease, and nodal staging to inform subsequent treatment is therefore often lacking. We evaluated the association of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) with regional lymph node involvement in gallbladder adenocarcinoma and its impact on survival.MethodsThe National Cancer Database was queried to identify patients with resected gallbladder adenocarcinoma and with available staging and LVI status. Patients with pT4 and M1 disease were excluded. Univariable and multivariable regression identified factors associated with positive lymph nodes. Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate overall survival (OS).ResultsOf 1649 patients with available LVI status, 1142 (69.7%) had at least one positive lymph node and 765 (46.4%) had LVI. On multivariable regression, presence of LVI was the strongest predictor of positive lymph nodes (odds ratio, 3.69; P < .001). The positive predictive value of LVI for positive lymph nodes in pT2 and pT3 tumors was 80.1% and 90.5%, respectively. LVI was independently associated with decreased OS (hazard ratio, 1.21; P = .001), as were node‐positive disease and increasing T stage.ConclusionIn patients with gallbladder adenocarcinoma, LVI is independently associated with regional lymph node metastases and abbreviated OS. LVI status may help risk‐stratify patients following initial cholecystectomy and inform subsequent treatment.
Bronchoscopic procedures during COVID‐19 pandemic: Experiences in Turkey
Authors: Ozturk Ayperi , Sener Melahat U. , Yılmaz Aydın 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundGlobally, coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) is a new, highly contagious, and life‐threatening virus. We aimed to demonstrate how we proceeded with bronchoscopic procedures without published guidelines at the inception of the pandemic period.Materials and MethodsAll bronchoscopic procedures applied from the first case seen in Turkey (11 March‐15 May) were evaluated retrospectively. Patient data on indications, diagnosis, types of procedures, and the results of COVID‐19 tests were recorded.ResultsThis study included 126 patients; 36 required interventional bronchoscopic techniques (28.6%), 74 required endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS; 58.7%), and 16 required flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (12.7%). All interventional rigid bronchoscopic techniques were performed for emergent indications: malignant airway obstruction (66.7%), tracheal stenosis (25%), and bronchopleural fistula (8.3%). Malignancy was diagnosed in 59 (79.7%), 12 (50%), and 4 (25%) patients who underwent EBUS, interventional procedures, and fibreoptic bronchoscopy, respectively. All personnel wore personal protective equipment and patients wore a surgical mask, cap, and disposable gown. Of the patients, 31 (24.6%) were tested for COVID‐19 and all the results were negative. COVID‐19 was not detected in any of the patients after a 14‐day follow‐up period.ConclusionThis study was based on our experiences and demonstrated that EBUS and/or bronchoscopy should not be postponed in patients with known or suspected lung cancer.
Characterization of bovine and canine animal model cartilage endplates and comparison to human cartilage endplate structure, matrix composition, and cell phenotype
Authors: Lakstins Katherine , Arnold Lauren , Gunsch Gilian , Khan Safdar , Moore Sarah , Purmessur Devina 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThere is a need to further explore mechanisms of cartilage endplate (CEP) degeneration, due to its role in the onset and progression of intervertebral disc degeneration and low back pain. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate structure, matrix composition, and cell phenotype between the human and bovine or canine, both clinically relevant animal models currently used to study the intervertebral disc, CEP. This information may be used in addition to other relevant studies, to help determine optimal animal models for use in studying the role of the CEP in intervertebral disc degeneration and back pain. Endplate structure, matrix composition, cell morphology, and gene expression were evaluated using a picrosirius red/alcian blue and hematoxylin and eosin stain, a dimethylmethylene blue assay, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The bovine and canine CEPs were thinner with more rounded cells and thicker bony endplates. The canine CEP contained significantly more sulfated glycosaminoglycans. The bovine CEP demonstrated higher expression of ACAN, COL1, and COL2 and lower expression of T, FBLN1, and collagen X (COLX) compared to the human CEP. The canine CEP had higher COL2 and lower COL1, KRT19, MKX, FBLN1, COLX expression compared to human. These similarities and differences between human and bovine or canine CEP are important to consider when evaluating which animal model is most optimal to use in future studies, interpreting research findings using these animal models and assessing translatability to the human condition.
Posttraumatic Perfusion Analysis of Quadriceps, Patellar, and Achilles Tendon Regeneration With Dynamic Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound and Dynamic Contrast‐Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Fischer Christian , Miska Matthias , Jung Andreas , Weber Marc‐André , Saure Daniel , Schmidmaier Gerhard , Weimer Andreas , Moghaddam Arash , Doll Julian 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesThe healing process of tendons after surgical treatment of tendon ruptures mainly depends on the perfusion of the tendon and its surrounding tissue. Dynamic contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (DCE‐US) and dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI) can provide additional information about the local microperfusion. In this pilot study, the feasibility of these techniques to assess the vascularization during tendon regeneration was evaluated.MethodsBetween 2013 and 2015, 23 patients with surgical treatment of traumatic rupture of quadriceps, patellar, and Achilles tendons were involved. All patients received clinical follow‐up examinations at 6, 12, and at least 52 weeks postoperatively. Dynamic contrast‐enhanced US and DCE‐MRI examinations were performed 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively. Dynamic contrast‐enhanced US perfusion was quantified by the parameters peak enhancement, wash‐in area under the curve, rise time, and initial area under the curve. Correlations between these parameters were examined via the Spearman rank correlation. The clinical and functional outcomes were assessed via the Lysholm Knee Score and Knee and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score at 12 and 52 weeks postoperatively.ResultsFourteen patients with quadriceps (n = 8), patellar (n = 4) and Achilles (n = 2) tendon ruptures with complete follow‐up were available. The microperfusion could be successful assessed. We could detect a strong correlation of DCE‐US (peak enhancement) parameters with DCE‐MRI (initial area under the curve) parameters after 6 and 12 weeks.ConclusionsIn this pilot study, DCE‐US was able to visualize the microperfusion of healing tendons with a strong correlation with DCE‐MRI. Our initial results are in favor of DCE‐US as a potential quantitative imaging tool for evaluating the vascularization in tendon regeneration as a complementary method.
Chidamide acts on the histone deacetylase‐mediated miR‐34a/Bcl‐2 axis to regulate NB4 cell line proliferation and apoptosis
Authors: Peng Jie , Li Shu‐Jun , Fu Xiao , Liu Yi , Zhao Xie‐Lan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAcute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a biologically and clinically distinct variant of acute myelogenous leukemia, is characterized by the fusion of the N‐terminus of promyelocytic leukemia protein to the C terminus of retinoic acid receptor alpha, mostly due to chromosomal translocation t(15;17). Chidamide, a synthetic analogue of MS‐275 identified from a group of benzamide‐type compounds, has been found to have efficient anticancer activity in basic and clinical research studies. However, the concrete role and underlying mechanism of Chidamide in the treatment of APL has not been well characterized. Our data demonstrate that Chidamide inhibited the expression of histone deacetylase (HDAC) to induce apoptosis and suppress proliferation in NB4 cells. Mechanistically, Chidamide increases the expression of miR‐34a by suppressing HDAC. Furthermore, B‐cell lymphoma‐2 (Bcl‐2) is a direct target of miR‐34a, the expression of which is regulated by miR‐34a. Functionally, Chidamide inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis through miR‐34a/Bcl‐2. Chidamide exerts its anticancer effect via the HDAC‐mediated miR‐34a/Bcl‐2 axis, providing potential targets for APL therapy.
Antiviral Activity of Nanomaterials against Coronaviruses
Authors: Muhammad Wali , Zhai Zihe , Gao Changyou 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOne of the challenges facing by world nowadays is the generation of new pathogens that cause public health issues. Coronavirus (CoV) is one of the severe pathogens that possess the RNA (ribonucleic acid) envelop, and extensively infect humans, birds, and other mammals. The novel strain “SARS‐CoV‐2” (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2) causes deadly infection all over the world and presents a pandemic situation nowadays. The SARS‐CoV‐2 has 40 different strains that create a worrying situation for health authorities. The virus develops serious pneumonia in infected persons and causes severe damage to the lungs. There is no vaccine available for this virus up to present. To cure this type of infections by making vaccines and antiviral drugs is still a major challenge for researchers. Nanotechnology covering a multidisciplinary field may find the solution to this lethal infection. The interaction of nanomaterials and microorganisms is considered as a potential treatment method because the nanomaterials owe unique physicochemical properties. The aim of this review is to present an overview of previous and recent studies of nanomaterials against coronaviruses and to provide possible new strategies for upcoming research using the nanotechnology platform.
Nondestructive Modification of Catechol/Polyethyleneimine onto Polyester Fabrics by Mussel‐Inspiration for Improving Interfacial Performance
Authors: Chen Yuan , Wu Xiaoqing , Wei Junfu , Wu Hailiang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCo‐deposition of catechol and polyethyleneimine onto polyethylene phthalate (PET) fiber by mussel‐inspiration is conducted and subsequently utilized to prepare polyethyleneimine/catechol modified PET fiber reinforced composites (polyethyleneimine (PEI)/CCh‐m‐PET FRCs). The surface polarity is characterized through the dynamic contact angle. The mechanical performances including tensile, flexural, and short beam shear strength are evaluated. Additionally, the single‐bundle pull‐out tests are carried out with the double‐end method. The analysis reveals that compared to the untreated PET reinforced composite, there are 33.49% and 34.35% increase of the critical load and peak load for PEI‐modified specimens, respectively, meanwhile the critical debonding energy and pull‐out energy calculated increase by 28.46% and 24.47%, respectively. The interlaminar shear strength and interfacial shear strength of modified PET can reach the values of 145.89 and 20.88 MPa, which are significantly improved by 58.01% and 70.94%.
The Effect of Calcium Carbonate on the Photo‐Oxidative Behavior of Poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate)
Authors: Titone Vincenzo , La Mantia Francesco Paolo , Mistretta Maria Chiara 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of nanosized CaCO3on the photo‐oxidation of poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT)‐based nanocomposites. The PBAT/CaCO3nanocomposites are prepared by using a corotating twin‐screw extruder with 0, 2, and 5 wt% of CaCO3. The films are obtained by film blowing process. Specimens of the nanocomposites and that of the pure polymer are subjected to accelerated aging with a cycle of 8 h of light at a temperature of 55 °C followed by 4 h condensation at 45 °C to evaluate the effects of the CaCO3addition on the photo‐oxidation of PBAT. The results indicate that the modulus and tensile strength of the nanocomposites are increased significantly after incorporation of nanosized CaCO3, but, however, the elongation at break remains almost unchanged. The presence of the calcium carbonate slightly increases the photo‐oxidation rate of the matrix due to the presence of a stearate coating.
A multitude of signaling pathways associated with Alzheimer's disease and their roles in AD pathogenesis and therapy
Authors: Gadhave Kundlik , Kumar Deepak , Uversky Vladimir N. , Giri Rajanish 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe exact molecular mechanisms associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology continue to represent a mystery. In the past decades, comprehensive data were generated on the involvement of different signaling pathways in the AD pathogenesis. However, the utilization of signaling pathways as potential targets for the development of drugs against AD is rather limited due to the immense complexity of the brain and intricate molecular links between these pathways. Therefore, finding a correlation and cross‐talk between these signaling pathways and establishing different therapeutic targets within and between those pathways are needed for better understanding of the biological events responsible for the AD‐related neurodegeneration. For example, autophagy is a conservative cellular process that shows link with many other AD‐related pathways and is crucial for maintenance of the correct cellular balance by degrading AD‐associated pathogenic proteins. Considering the central role of autophagy in AD and its interplay with many other pathways, the finest therapeutic strategy to fight against AD is the use of autophagy as a target. As an essential step in this direction, this comprehensive review represents recent findings on the individual AD‐related signaling pathways, describes key features of these pathways and their cross‐talk with autophagy, represents current drug development, and introduces some of the multitarget beneficial approaches and strategies for the therapeutic intervention of AD.
Substrate reduction therapy with Miglustat in pediatric patients with GM1 type 2 gangliosidosis delays neurological involvement: A multicenter experience
Authors: Fischetto Rita , Palladino Valentina , Mancardi Maria M. , Giacomini Thea , Palladino Stefano , Gaeta Alberto , Di Rocco Maja , Zampini Lucia , Lassandro Giuseppe , Favia Vito , Tripaldi Maria E. , Strisciuglio Pietro , Romano Alfonso , Severino Mariasavina , Morrone Amelia , Giordano Paola 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn GM1 gangliosidosis the lack of function of β‐galactosidase results in an accumulation of GM1 ganglioside and related glycoconjugates in visceral organs, and particularly in the central nervous system, leading to severe disability and premature death. In the type 2 form of the disease, early intervention would be important to avoid precocious complications. To date, there are no effective therapeutic options in preventing progressive neurological deterioration. Substrate reduction therapy with Miglustat, a N‐alkylated sugar that inhibits the enzyme glucosylceramide synthase, has been proposed for the treatment of several lysosomal storage disorders such as Gaucher type 1 and Niemann Pick Type C diseases. However, data on Miglustat therapy in patients with GM1 gangliosidosis are still scarce.MethodsWe report here the results of Miglustat administration in four Italian children (average age: 55 months, range 20–125) affected by GM1 gangliosidosis type 2 treated in three different Italian pediatric hospitals specialized in metabolic diseases.ConclusionThis treatment was safe and relatively well tolerated by all patients, with stabilization and/or slowing down of the neurological progression in three subjects.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Oat Beta‐Glucan Regulated Fatty Acid Profiles along the Gut‐Liver‐Brain Axis of Mice Fed with High Fat Diet and Demonstrated Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammatory Potentials
Authors: Yau Yu Fung , El‐Nezami Hani , Galano Jean‐Marie , Kundi Zuzanna Maria , Durand Thierry , Lee Jetty Chung‐Yung 
Published: August 2020

ScopeThis study takes a novel approach to investigate the anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects of prebiotic oat beta‐glucan (OAT) and the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) against high‐fat diets (HFD) by examining the fatty acid profiles in the gut‐liver‐brain axis.Method and ResultsHFD‐fed C57BL/6N mice are supplemented with OAT and/or LGG for 17 weeks. Thereafter, mass spectrometry‐based targeted lipidomics is employed to quantify short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and oxidized PUFA products in the tissues. Acetate levels are suppressed by HFD in all tissues but reversed in the brain and liver by supplementation with LGG, OAT, or LGG + OAT, and in cecum content by LGG. The n‐6/n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio is elevated by HFD in all tissues but is lowered by LGG and OAT in the cecum and the brain, and by LGG + OAT in the brain, suggesting the anti‐inflammatory property of LGG and OAT. LGG and OAT synergistically, but not individually attenuate the increase in non‐enzymatic oxidized products, indicating their synbiotic antioxidant property.ConclusionThe regulation of the fatty acid profiles by LGG and OAT, although incomplete, but demonstrates their anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant potentials in the gut‐liver‐brain axis against HFD.