bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-treatment survival difference between lobectomy and stereotactic ablative radiotherapy in stage I non-small cell lung cancer in England
Authors: Khakwani Aamir , Harden Susan , Beckett Paul , Baldwin David , Navani Neal , West Doug , Hubbard Richard 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundApproximately 15%–20% of all non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases present with stage I disease. Surgical resection traditionally offers the best chance of a cure but some patients will not have this treatment due to older age, comorbidities or personal choice. Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) has become an established curative intent treatment option for patients who are not selected for or do not choose surgery. The aim of this study is to compare survival at 90 days, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years for patients who received either lobectomy or SABR.MethodsWe used data from the 2015 National Lung Cancer Audit database and linked with Hospital Episode Statistics and the radiotherapy dataset to identify patients with NSCLC stage IA-IB and performance status (PS) 0–2 who underwent surgery or SABR treatment. We assessed the likelihood of death at 90 days, 6 months, 1 year and 2 year after diagnosis and procedure date to observe survival between two patient groups.ResultsWe identified 2373 patients in our cohort, 476 of whom had SABR. The median difference between date of diagnosis and date of treatment for surgery patients was 17 days while for SABR patients it was 73 days. Increasing age and worsening PS were associated with having SABR rather than surgery. Survival between the two treatment modalities was similar early on but by 1-year people who had surgery did better than those who had SABR (adjusted ORs 2.12, 95% CI 1.35 to 2.31). This difference persisted at 2 years and when the analysis was restricted to patients aged <80 years and with PS 0 or 1 and stage IA only.ConclusionOur analysis suggests that patients who have lobectomy have a better survival compared with SABR patients; however, we found considerable delays in patients receiving SABR which may contribute to poorer long-term outcomes with this treatment option. Reducing these delays should be a key focus in development and reorganisation of services.
Brown dwarfs in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld and beyond Horndeski theories
Authors: Rosyadi A. S. , Sulaksono A. , Kassim H. A. , Yusof N. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe studied herein the mass and the radius of brown dwarfs predicted by beyond Horndeski (BH) and Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld (EiBI) gravity theories by numerically solving the modified non-relativistic hydrostatic equations of both theories. We used a recent compilation of brown dwarf masses and radii obtained from Ref. Bayliss et al. (Astrophys J 153:1, 2016) to constrain the free parameter of both theories. We obtain the range of the corresponding parameters with 1$$\sigma $$σ and 5$$\sigma $$σ confidence by using chi-squared analysis. Furthermore, the minimum chi-squared values can be reached for the cases of $$\kappa = 0.17 \times 10^2 ~\mathrm{m}^5\,\mathrm{kg}^{-1}\,\mathrm{s}^{-2}$$κ=0.17×102m5kg-1s-2 and $$\gamma = -0.1207$$γ=-0.1207 for EiBI and BH theories, respectively. The corresponding parameter values with the minimum chi-squared values are relatively small; therefore, they cannot significantly change the brown dwarf mass limits determined from the equivalence of nuclear and photosphere luminosities for the pp (hydrogen burning) and pp+pd (deuterium burning) reactions.
Structural features of face and neck skin in intraoperative cylinder tension
Authors: Madazimov M. M. , Teshaboev M. G. , Raximov Z. Q. 
Published: December 2019

Objective: Recently, significant attention has been paid to the aesthetics of the skin, which has led to the emergence and development, in addition to traditional medical cosmetology, of areas such as aesthetic and plastic skin surgery, surgical cosmetology, and others. Methods: For light microscopy, samples from various sections of the skin of the face and neck (total 57 samples) subjected to stretching, obtained during surgery, were fixed in a 10–12% solution of neutral formalin. After appropriate treatment, the samples were poured into paraffin and 5–7-[Formula: see text]m-thick sections were prepared. The general morphology was studied of the sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results: In the spiky layer, the integrity of keratinocyte rows is ensured by numerous desmosomes located at the contacting ends of the processes of neighboring cells. Balloon cell stretching does not lead to disruption of contacts in the forms of interdigitations of the plasma membranes of neighboring cells of the basal layer and ruptures of desmosomes at the ends of processes of neighboring cells of the prickly layer. Conclusion: Intraoperative stretching of the skin does not cause a violation of its general architectonics. In all the studied sections in the epidermis, integrity violations in the form of tears, cracks, etc. are not determined. It was noted with a decrease in the number of rows of cells of the prickly layer. However, no phenomena of acantholysis and cytolysis were noted.
Observações sobre fauna e flora na “Relação da Viagem, que fez o Conde da Azambuja da cidade de S. Paulo para a Villa do Cuyabá no anno de 1751” (cod‑546 da Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal)
Authors: Papavero Nelson 
Published: December 2019

Antônio Rolim de Moura, Conde de Azambuja (1709‑1792), foi nomeado em 1748 por seu primo, o rei de Portugal, D. João V, Governador da Capitania de Mato Grosso. Chegou ao Brasil (Recife) em abril de 1749, dirigindo-se em junho ao Rio de Janeiro. No início de 1750 chegou a São Paulo. De 1º de abril a 1º de maio desse ano fez uma viagem a Parati, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Regressando à cidade de São Paulo ocupou-se com os preparativos para a aventurosa viagem fluvial até Cuiabá (Mato Grosso). Embarcou a 5 de agosto, chegando em Cuiabá aos 12 de janeiro de 1751. Ainda nesse ano escreveu o relato de sua viagem, dirigido a D. João V, narrando os perigos e vicissitudes da empresa e tecendo comentários sobre as regiões percorridas, animais, plantas e índios. Esse manuscrito (cod‑546), atualmente na Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, é aqui transcrito e comentado.
Taxonomic study on a collection of terrestrial mollusks from the region of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil
Authors: Silva Fernanda Santos , Simone Luiz Ricardo L. , Salvador Rodrigo Brincalepe 
Published: December 2019

The malacological collection of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, curated by Dr. Carla B. Kotzian, has been recently donated to the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZSP, Brazil). The collection is rich in well preserved specimens of terrestrial gastropods from central Rio Grande do Sul state, in southernmost Brazil. That region, centered in the municipality of Santa Maria, represents a transitional area between the Atlantic Rainforest and Pampas biomes and has been scarcely reported in the literature. Therefore, we present a taxonomical study of these specimens, complemented by historical material of the MZSP collection. Overall, we report 20 species, mostly belonging to the Stylommatophora, from which four represent new records for Rio Grande do Sul: Adelopoma brasiliense, Happia vitrina, Macrodontes gargantua, and Cyclodontina corderoi. The present report of C. corderoi is also the first from Brazil. Two introduced species were found in the studied material: Bradybaena similaris and Zonitoides sp.
Mapeamento estratigráfico utilizando sísmica de alta resolução no trecho da futura Ponte Salvador-Itaparica, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Santos Isaac De Oliveira , Dominguez José Maria Landim 
Published: December 2019

As sequências sedimentares marinhas do Quaternário têm sido amplamente estudadas pela sísmica marinha de reflexão rasa, a qual se baseia na propagação das ondas sísmicas, com o intuito de realizar imagens das feições geológicas de subsuperfı́cie. Dados sísmicos em associação com furos de sondagens SPT podem produzir informações sobre litologia, coesão, profundidade, espessura e continuidade lateral das camadas, tendo assim grande utilidade no planejamento e na execução de obras de engenharia em regiões submersas, como pontes. Este trabalho realizou o mapeamento estratigráfico para identificar o topo do substrato rochoso e a espessura da cobertura sedimentar recente na região da Baía de Todos os Santos (BTS), na qual será construída uma ponte que ligará a cidade de Salvador à ilha de Itaparica. As linhas sísmicas de alta resolução foram obtidas utilizando-se fontes Boomer e Sparker. As linhas foram processadas por meio de um fluxo de processamento normalmente utilizado na indústria do petróleo no aplicativo Seismic Unix. A interpretação das linhas foi feita no aplicativo Meridata MDPS. Dessa forma, o embasamento rochoso (bacia do Recôncavo) foi mapeado, e a espessura da cobertura sedimentar quaternária foi determinada. Quatro unidades estratigráficas foram identificadas, sendo que a mais basal são as rochas sedimentares da Bacia do Recôncavo. Dentre as três unidades quaternárias identificadas, a mais inferior se acumulou sob condições subaéreas antes da inundação da baía. As duas unidades superiores se acumularam após a inundação da baía e estão separadas entre si por uma superfície de ravinamento por marés.
Relações de contato entre rochas alcalinas máficas e sieníticas na Praia do Jabaquara, setor norte da Ilha de São Sebastião, SP
Authors: Timich Marco , Azzone Rogério Guitarrari , Rojas Gaston Eduardo Enrich , Silva Filho Saulo Vieira da , Ruberti Excelso , Gomes Celso De Barros 
Published: December 2019

Relações de contato entre as rochas sieníticas do stock de Serraria e as rochas máficas plutônicas e hipoabissais do setor norte da suíte alcalina da Ilha de São Sebastião (Ilhabela) são descritas pela primeira vez, permitindo a indicação de relações temporais entre diferentes pulsos magmáticos. Os afloramentos apresentam variedade sienítica hololeucocrática hospedando mega-, macro- e microxenólitos de diferentes rochas, formando agmatitos. Cinco unidades principais são descritas: álcali feldspato sienitos, melassienitos, diabásios, cumulatos máficos (melagabros/clinopiroxenitos) e gabros heterogêneos. Geoquimicamente,o magmatismo alcalino bimodal encontrado na ilha é bem representado pelas rochas dos afloramentos estudados. A sequência de eventos magmáticos consiste em: colocação e cristalização de pulsos de magmas básicos alcalinos, em ambiente de câmara magmática, gerando as variedades gabroicas cumuláticas, principalmente melagabros e clinopiroxenitos com olivina, e brechas de matriz gábrica com evidências de reequilíbrio textural por ação de temperatura; intrusão de novos pulsos de magma básico alcalino, representados pelos fragmentos de diabásios, que apresentam também, reequilíbrio textural (textura granoblástica predominante); intrusão de pulso sienítico na câmara máfica que fragmentou o gabro já parcial ou totalmente cristalizado, transportando ampla proporção de xenocristais e xenólitos, o que gerou rochas classificadas como melassienitos; nova intrusão de pulso sienítico, que fragmenta todo o sistema formando um agmatito com megaxenólitos e microxenólitos de gabro cumuláticos, diabásios, agmatitos de matriz gabroica (gabros heterogêneos) e melassienitos; veios e diques de pegmatito e aplito de sienitos com quartzo cortam todos os litotipos. Todos os tipos amostrados como xenólitos apresentam algum grau de recristalização e de reação química com o magma sienítico final que os hospeda.
An assessment of bird communities across Ujjani and its five satellite wetlands in Solapur District of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Karikar Shraddha Prabhakar , Mali Subhash Vitthal , Prasad Kulkarni , Priti Aphale 
Published: December 2019

Ujjani wetland is a potential Ramsar site in Maharashtra, India with several satellite wetlands associated with it. The present study contributes to single large or several small habitat conservation theories by assessing wetland bird communities. Aquatic bird communities were assessed using area search and point count methods at Kumbhargaon (Ujjani), Bhadalwadi, Madanwadi, Palasdev, Pimple and Ravangaon wetlands between October 2011 and September2012. These are representative satellite wetlands around Ujjani. One-hundred-and-ten species of wetland birds across 12 orders and 29 families were recorded. Out of these, 66 were resident and 44 were found to be migrants. These birds represent 23% mudflat feeder, 16% upland feeder, 14% marsh feeder, 12% bird of prey, 11% surface feeder and fish eaters, while divers and wet meadow feeders were represented with 8.5% and 5% of the species, respectively. Among the birds recorded, Woolly-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus, Common Pochard Aythya farina, and Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga belong to the Vulnerable category; while Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata, Oriental Darter Anhinga melanogaster, Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa, Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus, Lesser Flamingo Phoeniconaias minor, Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala, River Tern Sterna aurantia, and Great Thick-knee Esacus recurvirostris represent Near Threatened category on the IUCN Red List. The presence of these bird species underlines the importance and conservation priorities of a major as well as smaller satellite wetlands. Anthropogenic activities such as cattle grazing, fishing, sand and soil mining, land encroachment, urban development and tourism were observed as some of the threats to this wetland ecosystem as well as bird communities.
Efficacy of oxyclozanide and levamisole treatment on the gastrointestinal parasites in captive Lions Panthera leo
Authors: Ganager Dhareppa , Mamatha Gotakanapura Sanjeevamurthy , Muralidhara Asoor , Jaya Nagappa Lakkundi , Shivashankar Beechagondahalli Papanna 
Published: December 2019

A study was carried out to determine the efficacy of anthelmintics on gastrointestinal parasites in lions under captivity at Bannerghatta Biological Park (Bengaluru), Sri Chamarajendra Zoological Garden (Mysuru) and Tiger-Lion Safari Tyavarekoppa (Shivamogga) during the period from January to June, 2018. Out of 20 faecal samples subjected to qualitative and quantitative methods, 66.6% were found positive for eggs of Ancylostoma spp., 60.0% for Toxascaris leonina, 20.0% for Spirometra spp. and 13.3% for Balantidium coli cysts with an overall infection rate of 75.0%. A combination of oxyclozonide 6% w/v and levamisole 3% w/v (Neozide plus) at the rate of 1ml per 4kg body weight revealed egg per gram counts for Ancylostoma spp., T. leonina and Spirometra spp. to be reduced from 100, 11,450 ± 11,250 and 100 to zero respectively on subsequent 3, 7, 10 and 21 days post treatment and proved to be cent per cent effective.
The windowpane oyster family Placunidae Rafinesque, 1815 with additional description of Placuna quadrangula (Philipsson, 1788) from India
Authors: Das Rocktim Ramen , Deepak Samuel Vijay Kumar , Sampath Gautham , Krishnan Pandian , Ramachandran Purvaja , Ramachandran Ramesh 
Published: December 2019

The Bivalvia family Placunidae Rafinesque, 1815 in India is reviewed in this paper based on previous literature and records. Additionally, the species Placuna quadrangula is described from the Indian sub-continent. Being an economically important family in this geographic region, this paper can be regarded as a baseline for further ecological, management and policy-related studies pertaining to Placunidae and other exploited species.
A review on status of mammals in Meghalaya, India
Authors: Lyngdoh Adrian Wansaindor , Kumara Honnavalli Nagaraj , Karunakaran P.V. , Babu Santhanakrishnan 
Published: December 2019

In this paper we present an updated checklist of mammals found in Meghalaya. Using online databases and search engines for available literature, we provide the scientific names, accepted English names, conservation status as per IUCN Red List, Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act schedules, appendices in CITES, local distribution status, endemism, last reported sighting, an account of previous studies carried out relative to mammals and a tentative bibliography of the mammalian species found in Meghalaya. A total of 162 species were found to be existing in the state with Chiropterans forming the largest group and 27 species found to be threatened, seven Near Threatened and seven Data Deficient.
Amphibian abnormalities and threats in pristine ecosystems in Sri Lanka
Authors: Silva G.K.V.P.T. , Mahaulpatha W.A.D. , De Silva Anslem 
Published: December 2019

Amphibian abnormalities are caused by numerous etiologies prevailing in the environment. Since amphibians are good bio indicators of the environment, amphibian abnormalities are popularly known as a veritable ecological screening tool to assess ecosystem health. The present study was carried out encompassing within and outside the Horton Plains National Park areas, from January to November 2017. Distribution of amphibian morphological abnormalities were assessed in and around the five lentic water bodies through gross visual encounter. Six quadrates of 1m×2m were randomly placed in each sampling site. Frequency and composition of amphibian abnormalities were assessed in a total of 694 amphibians, belonging to four families and 11 species. Thereby, 4.5% and 80.87% abnormality indexes were accounted for respectively within and outside the park, comprehended surficial abnormalities, ectromelia and femoral projection abnormality types. Surficial abnormalities were the most predominant in both localities, generally occurring at the hind limb region of pre-mature stages of Taruga eques. Two lentic water bodies were identified as “abnormality hotspots” within and outside the Horton Plains National park; however, a multiplicity of possible combinations of potential causes of abnormalities were present in the environment. Hence, finding the exact causes of amphibian abnormalities are an extremely difficult exercise in the field.
Growth rate of captive Gharials Gavialis gangeticus (Gmelin, 1789) (Reptilia: Crocodylia: Gavialidae) in Chitwan National Park, Nepal
Authors: Khadka Bed Bahadur , Bashyal Ashish 
Published: December 2019

Gharials Gavialis gangeticus have been reared in ex situ facilities in the Gharial Conservation and Breeding Center (GCBC) in Chitwan National Park of Nepal since the 1980s. There remains a paucity of detailed information concerning their growth rates, particularly with respect to season. We randomly selected 20 gharials (45 months old) in the GCBC, tagged them, and recorded total length (TL) and weight over three warm (April–September) and two cold (October–March) seasons between 01 April 2013 and 30 September 2015. We also recorded amounts of fish consumed by these gharials every month over the 30-month period. On average per season, the gharials grew by 9.48±3.63 cm (1.58cm/month) in length and gained 2.61±1.14 kg (0.43kg/month). Growth rates were significantly higher during warm seasons. The highest increase in both length (mean= 21.2±8.61 cm) and weight (mean =5.59±2.12 kg) occurred during the first warm season (April 2013–September 2013) of the study, and annual growth rate was also highest during the first year. Our data indicated strong correlation between mean length and body weight. A total of 2,103.9kg fish was consumed by 20 gharials over 30 months, for a mean consumption of 3.5kg fish per individual per month. Mean fish consumption was also significantly higher during warm (96.99±37.35 kg) versus cold (29.83±17.09 kg) seasons. Survival rate was 100%. Our findings establish baseline data for growth and feeding rates of captive gharials that will be useful in making management decisions in captive breeding and rearing facilities.
Compendium of Traded Indian Medicinal Plants
Authors: Reviewed by A. Rajasekaran  
Published: December 2019

Compendium of Traded Indian Medicinal Plants
ISBN: 978-81-908965-4-2
Published by Foundation for Revitalization of Local Health Traditions (FRLHT), Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India
@ FRLHT 2018 <http://www.frlht.org>
Ridging Associated with Drought across the Western and Southwestern United States: Characteristics, Trends, and Predictability Sources
Authors: Gibson Peter B. , Waliser Duane E. , Guan Bin , DeFlorio Michael J. , Ralph F. Martin , Swain Daniel L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPersistent winter ridging events are a consistent feature of meteorological drought across the western and southwestern United States. In this study, a ridge detection algorithm is developed and applied on daily geopotential height anomalies to track and quantify the diversity of individual ridge characteristics (e.g., position, frequency, magnitude, extent, and persistence). Three dominant ridge types are shown to play important, but differing, roles for influencing the location of landfalling atmospheric rivers (ARs), precipitation, and subsequently meteorological drought. For California, a combination of these ridge types is important for influencing precipitation deficits on daily through seasonal time scales, indicating the various pathways by which ridging can induce drought. Furthermore, both the frequency of ridge types and reduced AR activity are necessary features for explaining drought variability on seasonal time scales across the western and southwestern regions. The three ridge types are found to be associated in different ways with various remote drivers and modes of variability, highlighting possible sources of subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) predictability. A comparison between ridge types shows that anomalously large and persistent ridging events relate to different Rossby wave trains across the Pacific with different preferential upstream locations of tropical heating. For the “South-ridge” type, centered over the Southwest, a positive trend is found in both the frequency and persistence of these events across recent decades, likely contributing to observed regional drying. These results illustrate the utility of feature tracking for characterizing a wider range of ridging features that collectively influence precipitation deficits and drought.
Estuarine Exchange Flow Variability in a Seasonal, Segmented Estuary
Authors: Conroy Ted , Sutherland David A. , Ralston David K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSmall estuaries in Mediterranean climates display pronounced salinity variability at seasonal and event time scales. Here, we use a hydrodynamic model of the Coos Estuary, Oregon, to examine the seasonal variability of the salinity dynamics and estuarine exchange flow. The exchange flow is primarily driven by tidal processes, varying with the spring–neap cycle rather than discharge or the salinity gradient. The salinity distribution is rarely in equilibrium with discharge conditions because during the wet season the response time scale is longer than discharge events, while during low flow it is longer than the entire dry season. Consequently, the salt field is rarely fully adjusted to the forcing and common power-law relations between the salinity intrusion and discharge do not apply. Further complicating the salinity dynamics is the estuarine geometry that consists of multiple branching channel segments with distinct freshwater sources. These channel segments act as subestuaries that import both higher- and lower-salinity water and export intermediate salinities. Throughout the estuary, tidal dispersion scales with tidal velocity squared, and likely includes jet–sink flow at the mouth, lateral shear dispersion, and tidal trapping in branching channel segments inside the estuary. While the estuarine inflow is strongly correlated with tidal amplitude, the outflow, stratification, and total mixing in the estuary are dependent on the seasonal variation in river discharge, which is similar to estuaries that are dominated by subtidal exchange flow.