bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Oketani Breast Massage on Successful Breastfeeding, Mothers’ Breastfeeding Support Need, and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy: A Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Shahri Maryam Mahdizadeh , Nourian Manijeh , Varzeshnejad Maryam , Nasiri Maliheh 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The most important factor in the survival and health of infants is breastfeeding. One of the complications of cesarean sections is their negative effect on the quality of breastfeeding. This study aimed to determine the effect of Oketani breast massage on the maternal need for support during breastfeeding, breastfeeding success, and breastfeeding selfefficacy. Methods: The research sample in this clinical trial study included pregnant women who referred to Mahdiyeh, Taleghani, and Imam Hossein hospitals as candidates for a cesarean section. The mothers were selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 55) and the control group (n = 58). The data were collected using, the Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool (IBFAT), the Breastfeeding Charting System (LATCH), and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES). To assess the breastfeeding success rate, the number of breastfeeding times, and the onset time of the first breastfeeding were recorded. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 20) via the independent samples t-test, the Mann–Whitney U test, and chi-square test. Results: The results of the study suggested that the breastfeeding success rate in both the first two breastfeeding stages and the last pre-discharge breastfeeding was significantly higher for the participants in the intervention group than the members of the control group (p <0.001). Besides, the mother's need for support in the first two breastfeeding stages (p = 0.044) and the last pre-discharge breastfeeding (p <0.001) in the intervention group was less than that of the mothers in the control group. The number of breastfeeding in the intervention group was higher than the control group (p = 0.002). Furthermore, the mothers in the intervention group breastfed their infants in a significantly less time interval (p = 0.002). The breastfeeding self-efficacy was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (p <0.001). Conclusion: Oketani massage can be used as a care intervention by nurses to improve breastfeeding in mothers who undergo cesarean sections and have more breastfeeding problems. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT20190129042542N1.
Unexpected Increase of Myocardial Extracellular Volume Fraction in Low Cardiovascular Risk HIV Patients
Authors: Borrazzo Cristian , d'Ettorre Gabriella , Ceccarelli Giancarlo , Pacilio Massimiliano , Santinelli Letizia , Cavallari Eugenio Nelson , Spagnolello Ornella , Silvestri Valeria , Vassalini Paolo , Scagnolari Carolina , Francone Marco , Mastroianni Claudio Maria , Carbone Iacopo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: People living with HIV (PLWH) are prone to develop sub-clinical Cardiovascular (CV) disease, despite the effectiveness of combined Antiretroviral Therapy (cART). Algorithms developed to predict CV risk in the general population could be inaccurate when applied to PLWH. Myocardial Extra-Cellular Matrix (ECM) expansion, measured by computed tomography, has been associated with an increased CV vulnerability in HIV-negative population. Measurement of Myocardial Extra-Cellular Volume (ECV) by computed tomography or magnetic resonance, is considered a useful surrogate for clinical evaluation of ECM expansion. In the present study, we aimed to determine the extent of cardiovascular involvement in asymptomatic HIV-infected patients with the use of a comprehensive cardiac computed tomography (CCT) approach.Materials and methods: In the present study, ECV in low atherosclerotic CV risk PLWH was compared with ECV of age and gender matched HIV- individuals. 53 asymptomatic HIV+ individuals (45 males, age 48 (42.5-48) years) on effective cART (CD4+ cell count: 450 cells/μL (IQR: 328-750); plasma HIV RNA: <37 copies/ml in all subjects) and 18 age and gender matched controls (14 males, age 55 (44.5-56) years) were retrospectively enrolled. All participants underwent CCT protocol to obtain native and postcontrast Hounsfield unit values of blood and myocardium, ECM was calculated accordingly.Results: The ECV was significantly higher in HIV+ patients than in the control group (ECV: 31% (IQR: 28%-31%) vs 27.4% (IQR: 25%-28%), p<0.001). The duration of cART (standardized β=0.56 (0.33-0.95), p=0.014) and the years of exposure to HIV infection (standardized β=0.53 (0.4-0.92), p<0.001), were positively and strongly associated with ECV values. Differences in ECV (p<0.001) were also observed regarding the duration of cART exposure (<5 years, 5-10 years and >10 years). Moreover, ECV was independently associated with age of participants (standardized β = 0.42 (0.33-0.89), p=0.084).Conclusions: HIV infection and exposure to antiretrovirals play a detrimental role on ECV expansion. An increase in ECV indicates ECM expansion, which has been associated to a higher CV risk in the general population. The non-invasive evaluation of ECM trough ECV could represent an important tool to further understand the relationship between HIV infection, cardiac pathophysiology and the increased CV risk observed in PLWH.
Incidence and Time-Varying Predictors of HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Male Sex Workers in Mexico City
Authors: Ganley Karla , Wilson-Barthes Marta , Zullo Andrew R. , Sosa-Rubí Sandra G. , Conde-Glez Carlos J. , García-Cisneros Santa , Lurie Mark N. , Marshall Brandon D.L. , Operario Don , Mayer Kenneth H. , Galarraga Omar 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Male sex workers (MSWs) are at high-risk for HIV/STI acquisition. We quantified HIV/STI incidence rates and identified their time-varying predictors among MSWs in Mexico City. Methods: MSWs recruited from the largest HIV clinic and community sites in Mexico City were tested for chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis, and HIV at baseline, 6-months, and 12-months. Incidence rates with 95% bootstrapped confidence limits were calculated. We examined potential time-varying predictors using generalized estimating equations for a population averaged model. Results and Discussion: Among 227 MSWs, median age was 24 and baseline HIV prevalence was 32%. Incidence rates (per 100 person-years) were as follows: HIV (5.28; 95%CIs 2.52, 11.07), chlamydia (4.63; 95% 2.41, 8.90), gonorrhea (3.92; 95% 1.96, 7.84), syphilis (12.44; 95% 8.11, 19.08), hepatitis B (2.09; 95% 0.79, 5.58), hepatitis C (0.96; 95% 0.24, 3.85), any STI except HIV (17.61; 95% 12.51, 22.72), and any STI including HIV (19.93; 95%CI 14.78, 26.89). In the multivariable-adjusted model, incident STIs (excluding HIV) were lower among those who reported consistently using condoms during anal and vaginal intercourse (odds ratio (OR) = 0.03, 95% 0.00, 0.68) compared to those who reported inconsistently using condoms during anal and vaginal intercourse. Conclusions: HIV/STI incidence is high among MSWs in Mexico City. Consistent condom use is an important protective factor for HIV/STIs, and should be an important component of interventions to prevent incident infections.
The Prevalence of COVID-19 Symptoms in Syria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alhaffar MHD Bahaa Aldin , Abbas Ghadir , Nassar Jihad Abou 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The corona virus disease 2019 is a disease caused by the newly discovered human infecting SARS-Co V-2 virus. The COVID-19 virus is highly transmittable, by August 14, 2020, more than 20 million people were confirmed to have COVID-19 worldwide, with more than 750,000 death. Syria was declared to have one of most vulnerable health systems in the world, with poor surveillance systems, unstable conditions, no standardized method for reporting infections, lack of sufficient public awareness, and a continued deterioration of humanitarian and socio-economic conditions across Syria.Objectives: to investigate the prevalence of COVID-19 symptoms among the Syrian population.Methods: this is a cross sectional study in Damascus – Syria, data were collected during August, 2020 using an online questionnaire that contained 3 section (demographic variables, awareness of COVID-19, symptoms of COVID-19) and analyzed using SPSS v.22.Results: 5212 people were included in the study, 59% females and 41% males, 9.6% had chronic medical conditions. 63.4% reported experiencing COVID-19 symptoms during the past 6 months, symptoms lasted 6.9 days on average, the most prevalent symptoms were as anosmia and dysgeusia (42.2%), headache (67.1%), fatigue (70%). Symptoms were significantly more prevalent in the past 14 days (P=0.000).Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, high prevalence of covid-19 symptoms was noticed in the Syrian population. Significant correlation was made between the severity and duration of the symptoms. Measures to slow down spread of COVID-19 need to be taken immediately.
Customer satisfaction with clinical laboratory services provided by the Ethiopian health facilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Deress Teshiwal , Million Yihenew , Belachew Teshome , Girma Mekonnen 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Medical laboratory helps health professionals and patients with disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring. While providing services, maintaining customer satisfaction is an essential determinant of the success and long-term survival of the facility. So far, several studies conducted in Ethiopia on the evaluation of laboratory customer satisfaction; however, the level of satisfaction was significantly differed from study to study. Therefore, this study aimed to provide an estimated pooled satisfaction level of clinical laboratory customers with laboratory services in Ethiopia.
Methods

Online electronic databases, including Science Direct, Medline, HINARI, TRIP database, and African Journals Online, were searched. The pooled estimate of laboratory service satisfaction was determined using the random-effects model due to the presence of considerable heterogeneity among studies. The possible sources of heterogeneity were analyzed using subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression.
Results

The analysis of 18 Full text articles showed that the level of clinical laboratory service satisfaction among Ethiopian laboratories ranged from 48–91%. The pooled estimate was 66% (95% CI: 59–73). Among the moderator variables, sample size (p = 0.34) and year of publication (p ≤ 0.01) of the included studies showed statistically significant associations with the level of service satisfaction. The sensitivity analysis declares no influence on the overall effect estimate while removing a single study from the analysis at a time. The statistical tests declare the absence of publication bias.
Conclusions

In Ethiopia, the pooled level clinical laboratory service satisfaction was low. The year of publication and sample size showed a statistically significant relationship with service satisfaction. Strengthening the scope of existing diagnostic services, implementing immediate corrective actions for the unsatisfied customers, and having a mechanism of continuous monitoring of laboratory activities should be implemented to assure adequate service quality. Generally, the study can provide a current estimate that could be valuable for policymakers.
Relating the past with the present:
Information integration and segregation during ongoing narrative processing
Authors: Chang Claire , Lazaridi Christina , Yeshurun Yaara , Norman Kenneth , Hasson Uri 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study examined how the brain dynamically updates event representations by integrating new information over multiple minutes while segregating irrelevant input. A professional writer custom-designed a narrative with two independent storylines, interleaving across minute-long segments (ABAB). In the last (C) part, characters from the two storylines meet and their shared history is revealed. Part C is designed to induce the spontaneous recall of past events, upon the recurrence of narrative motifs from A/B, and to shed new light on them. Our fMRI results showed storyline-specific neural patterns, which were reinstated (i.e. became more active) during storyline transition. This effect increased along the processing timescale hierarchy, peaking in the default mode network. Similarly, the neural reinstatement of motifs was found during part C. Furthermore, participants showing stronger motif reinstatement performed better in integrating A/B and C events, demonstrating the role of memory reactivation in information integration over intervening irrelevant events.
Photoelectrical properties investigated on individual Si nanowires and their size dependence
Authors: Hu Xiaofeng , Li Shujie , Jiang Zuimin , Yang Xinju 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Periodically ordered arrays of vertically aligned Si nanowires (Si NWs) are successfully fabricated with controllable diameters and lengths. Their photoconductive properties are investigated by photoconductive atomic force microscopy (PCAFM) on individual nanowires. The results show that the photocurrent of Si NWs increases significantly with the laser intensity, indicating that Si NWs have good photoconductance and photoresponse capability. This photo-enhanced conductance can be attributed to the photo-induced Schottky barrier change, confirmed by I-V curve analyses. On the other hand, electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) results indicate that a large number of photo-generated charges are trapped in Si NWs under laser irradiation, leading to the lowering of barrier height. Moreover, the size dependence of photoconductive properties is studied on Si NWs with different diameters and lengths. It is found that the increasing magnitude of photocurrent with laser intensity is greatly relevant to the nanowires’ diameter and length. Si NWs with smaller diameters and shorter lengths display better photoconductive properties, which agrees well with the size-dependent barrier height variation induced by photo-generated charges. With optimized diameter and length, great photoelectrical properties are achieved on Si NWs. Overall, in this study the photoelectrical properties of individual Si NWs are systematically investigated by PCAFM and EFM, providing important information for the optimization of nanostructures for practical applications.
Adenovirus Viremia Predicts Adenovirus Pneumonia Severity in Immunocompetent Children
Authors: Zhang Ruimu , Wang Hongmei , Tian Shufeng , Deng Jikui 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated an association between adenovirus viremia and disease severity in immunocompromised children. However, few studies focused on the use of this approach in immunocompetent children. This study explored the association between adenovirus viremia and adenovirus pneumonia severity in immunocompetent children. Methods: We did a retrospective, observational study of immunocompetent children with adenovirus pneumonia admitted in Shenzhen Children’s hospital in Shenzhen, China. Pneumonia was classified as severe or mild, based on the Chinese guideline of pneumonia severity classification. The serum of all the children in the study was tested for adenovirus DNA with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, and disease severity were compared between these two groups. Results: A total of 111 immunocompetent children with adenovirus pneumonia (60 severe, 51 mild) were included. The median age was 40 months and 64 patients were male. Five patients were admitted to intensive care unit and two were endotracheal intubated. All the patients were discharged with recovery or improvement. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis showed leukocytosis (OR = 1.1; 95% CI: 1.0 to 1.2; P = 0.033), co-infection of mycoplasma pneumoniae (OR = 5.0; 95% CI: 2.1 to 12.3; P < 0.001), and high blood viral load (OR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.2 to 2.0; P = 0.001) were risk factors for severe adenovirus pneumonia. Conclusions: Leukocytosis, co-infection of mycoplasma pneumoniae, and high blood viral load are risk factors for severe adenovirus pneumonia in immunocompetent children. Blood viral load predicts pneumonia severity.
Microbial Signature of Ocean-Going Syndrome
Authors: Sun Zheng , Zhang Meng , Li Min , Zhao Jinshan , Ji Youran , Cui Hongbing , Zhang Heping , Sun Zhihong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: During ocean-going voyages, crew members are subject to complex pressures from their living and working environment, which leads to a sub-optimal health status. Although abnormal defecation was observed during voyages, the associations between the gut microbiome and the symptoms are still unclear. Methods: Associations between the gut microbiome and the health status of 77 crew members during a 135 day-long ocean-going voyage were evaluated using shotgun metagenomics of stool samples and health questionnaires (with 24 physical and psychological indicators) taken before and after the voyage.Results: The co-appearance of symptoms e.g. abnormal defecation frequency, insomnia, shallow sleep, nausea and over-eating best described the sub-optimal health status of the majority of crew members, and we named this as ‘Ocean-Going Syndrome (OGS)’. The OGS, instead of any single symptom, has a significant effect on the gut microbiome, and it was proved to be a key factor for individual perturbation in the gut microbiome during the voyage. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed a different microbial dynamic between the OGS and non-OGS crews, and the variation of 19 bacterial species and 31 gene families were identified as microbial signature for the OGS. Moreover, using a Random Forest model, the OGS can be predicted with a high accuracy (AUC=0.91) based on 27 biomarkers from pre-voyage samples. Conclusions: Understanding associations between the gut microbiome and health status under extreme environments could help us discover potential predictors or even therapeutic targets for dysbacteriosis related diseases.
Life weariness, suicidal thoughts and mortality: A seventeen-year longitudinal study among men and women older than 60 years
Authors: Tuvesson Hanna , Fagerström Cecilia , Welmer Anna-Karin , Elmståhl Sölve 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Suicide in old age is a significant contributor to premature mortality. However, the extent to which life weariness and suicidal thoughts impact on mortality in a long-term perspective is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of life weariness and suicidal thoughts on long-term survival (17 years) in an older Swedish population (60 + years), controlling for demographic and social network factors and depression. A further aim was to investigate differences in sex and age interactions in relation to mortality among individuals with and without life weariness and suicidal thoughts.
Methods
A longitudinal cohort study on a national, representative sample of people 60 + years was conducted through the Swedish National Study of Aging and Care study and included n = 7,213 individuals, who provided information about life weariness and suicidal thoughts, through an item derived from the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale. Data were analysed with multivariate Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for potential confounders.
Results
At baseline, 12.5% of the participants (14.6% of females and 9.5% of males) reported life weariness and suicidal thoughts. During the 17-year follow-up, survival time was 11.5 years, SD 5.6, and 3,804 individuals died (59.5% females and 40.5% males). Individuals with life weariness and suicidal thoughts had half the survival rate compared with those without such thoughts (24.5% vs. 50.6%), with a survival time of 8.4 years (Standard deviation, SD, 5.7) versus 12.0 years (SD 5.4). The multi-adjusted hazard ratio of mortality for reporting life weariness and suicidal thoughts was 1.44 (95% confidence interval, 1.30–1.59), the population attributable risk was 11.1%. In the models, being male or female 80 + years (ref. female 60–69 years) showed the highest multi-adjusted hazard ratio of long-term mortality.
Conclusions
Findings suggest that life weariness and suicidal thoughts are risk factors for long-term mortality, when controlling for sex and age interactions that were found to strongly predict long-term mortality. The findings have practical implications in prevention of premature mortality, emphasising preventive actions of screening, identifying, and intercepting older men and women with signs of life weariness and suicidal thoughts.
Seizure Detection and Tracking Through Portable Technologies: Study Protocol of a Systematic Review
Authors: Beauchamp-Chalifour Elisabeth , Gagnon Marie-Pierre , Fortin Tamara Herrera , Assi Elie Bou , Nguyen Dang Khoa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundEpilepsy is a chronic neurological disease characterized by recurrent seizures due to excessive neuronal discharges and abnormal neuronal discharges. 30-40% of them are pharmaco-resistant, which is associated with cognitive impairement. seizure-related injuries and a higher risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). The only way to minimize the risk of SUDEP is having a control of seizures. However, epileptics living or get a seizure alone can’t report the exact information to their physicians. Then, the level of gravity of their disease is inexact. Currently, the only way to identify a seizure is by electroencephalography (EEG), used by healthcare resources. It requires medical staff for its installation and interpretation. Nonetheless, a lot of new technologies developed for recording seizures at home have been developed. These one hasn’t optimally included epileptics and only a few went to a clinical trial; thus, scientific evidence is limited regarding their effectiveness. MethodsThe methodological approach is based in the Cochrane handbook for conducting systematic review. All studies in any languages about the technologies detecting seizures will be compared for any type of epilepsy and for any outcome measured. Two reviewers will independently screen the results for MEDLINE [PubMed, 1951-June 2019], EMBASE [OVID, 1947-June 2019], the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trails (CENTRAL) [up to June 2019] and grey literature [up to June 2019]. Extracted data will be recorded, categorized and summarized. DiscussionThe expected results would be the too short time of the trials and many positive false to get a conclusion of the effectiveness of the technologies studied. This systematic review is needed in order to improve knowledge of the effectiveness of technologies for detecting seizures and use this information for the development of a personalized tool for detecting seizures on the basis of the best available scientific evidence.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42020129787.