bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supragastric belching in Japan: lower prevalence and relevance for management of gastroesophageal reflux disease compared to United Kingdom
Authors: Sawada Akinari , Itami Hideaki , Nakagawa Kenichiro , Hirano Shinji , Kitamura Hiroyuki , Nakata Rieko , Takashima Shingo , Abe Yasuaki , Saito Masahiro , Yazaki Etsuro , Kawamura Osamu , Tanaka Fumio , Takeuchi Toshihisa , Koike Tomoyuki , Masamune Atsushi , Fujiwara Yasuhiro , Higuchi Kazuhide , Sifrim Daniel 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Supragastric belching (SGB) may play a role in the pathophysiology of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)-refractoriness in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). SGB may be present in up to 40% of reflux symptoms in PPI-refractory GERD. Most reports on SGB have come from Western countries, and little is known about the prevalence and relevance of SGB in Asian refractory GERD patients. This study aimed at comparing the role of SGB in GERD patients in Japan and the UK.

Methods
We re-analyzed impedance-pH monitoring tracings from patients who were referred to tertiary centers in Japan and the UK due to PPI-refractory reflux symptoms. The prevalence of excessive SGB and the impact of SGB on reflux symptoms were compared between the two countries.

Results
Impedance-pH tracings from124 Japanese and 83 British patients were re-analyzed. Japanese patients were significantly younger and had smaller body mass index than the British (P < 0.001). Japanese patients had significantly lower prevalence of excessive SGB (18.5%) than the UK (36.1%) irrespective of reflux phenotype (P = 0.006). Logistic regression analysis showed that the geographical/cultural difference was the only factor associated with the different prevalence of SGB (odds ratio; 2.91, 95% CI 1.09–7.73, P = 0.032). SGB were related to typical reflux symptoms very rarely in Japan [0% (0–4.9)] compared to the UK [35% (0–54.1)] (P = 0.071).

Conclusions
The prevalence of SGB and their impact on reflux symptoms is significantly lower in Japan compared to the UK. The difference is not related to reflux parameters but might come from ethnic/cultural factors to be further characterized.
Risk factors and pattern of weight gain in youths using antipsychotic drugs
Authors: van der Esch Casper C. L. , Kloosterboer Sanne M. , van der Ende Jan , Reichart Catrien G. , Kouijzer Mirjam E. J. , de Kroon Matthias M. J. , van Daalen Emma , Ester Wietske A. , Rieken Rob , Dieleman Gwen C. , Hillegers Manon H. J. , van Gelder Teun , Koch Birgit C. P. , Dierckx Bram 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAntipsychotic-induced weight gain is a major health concern in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for weight gain during short-, middle- and long-term treatment with antipsychotic drugs in this young population. We analysed a combined prospective and a retrospective observational cohort of Dutch children and adolescents, starting with risperidone, aripiprazole or pipamperone treatment. Linear mixed models were used to test whether sex, age, baseline body-mass-index (BMI) z score, type of antipsychotic, dose equivalent/kg, duration of use, previous antipsychotic use, ethnicity, physical exercise, IQ, concomitant medication, and psychiatric classification predicted the BMI z score for a follow-up of < 15 weeks, 15–52 weeks or > 52 weeks. A total of 144 patients were included with a median [interquartile range ([IQR)] age of 9 (4) years and median follow-up of 30 (73) weeks. During the complete follow-up, the median (IQR) weight gain was 0.37 (0.95) BMI z score points. Antipsychotic-induced weight gain was found to be most pronounced during the first 15 weeks of use (BMI z score increase per week β = 0.02, 95% CI 0.01–0.03, p = 0.002). A higher baseline BMI z score and the absence of stimulant use were associated with a higher BMI z score during the entire follow-up and after 15 weeks, respectively. Previous treatment with an antipsychotic drug was associated with less weight gain during the first 15 weeks of treatment. Our findings underscore the importance of close patient monitoring during the first weeks of antipsychotic treatment with a focus on patients with a high baseline BMI z score.
Endoscopic versus stereotactic biopsies of intracranial lesions involving the ventricles
Authors: Birski Marcin , Furtak Jacek , Krystkiewicz Kamil , Birska Julita , Zielinska Karolina , Sokal Paweł , Rusinek Marcin , Paczkowski Dariusz , Szylberg Lukasz , Harat Marek 
Published: August 2020

AbstractStereotactic biopsies of ventricular lesions may be less safe and less accurate than biopsies of superficial lesions. Accordingly, endoscopic biopsies have been increasingly used for these lesions. Except for pineal tumors, the literature lacks clear, reliable comparisons of these two methods. All 1581 adults undergoing brain tumor biopsy from 2007 to 2018 were retrospectively assessed. We selected 119 patients with intraventricular or paraventricular lesions considered suitable for both stereotactic and endoscopic biopsies. A total of 85 stereotactic and 38 endoscopic biopsies were performed. Extra procedures, including endoscopic third ventriculostomy and tumor cyst aspiration, were performed simultaneously in 5 stereotactic and 35 endoscopic cases. In 9 cases (5 stereotactic, 4 endoscopic), the biopsies were nondiagnostic (samples were nondiagnostic or the results differed from those obtained from the resected lesions). Three people died: 2 (1 stereotactic, 1 endoscopic) from delayed intraventricular bleeding and 1 (stereotactic) from brain edema. No permanent morbidity occurred. In 6 cases (all stereotactic), additional surgery was required for hydrocephalus within the first month postbiopsy. Rates of nondiagnostic biopsies, serious complications, and additional operations were not significantly different between groups. Mortality was higher after biopsy of lesions involving the ventricles, compared with intracranial lesions in any location (2.4% vs 0.3%, p = 0.016). Rates of nondiagnostic biopsies and complications were similar after endoscopic or stereotactic biopsies. Ventricular area biopsies were associated with higher mortality than biopsies in any brain area.
Closed-incision negative-pressure wound management in surgery—literature review and recommendations
Authors: Smolle Maria A. , Nischwitz Sebastian P. , Hutan Martin , Trunk Primoz , Lumenta David , Bernhardt Gerwin A. 
Published: August 2020

Summary
Background
Wound healing deficits and subsequent surgical site infections are potential complications after surgical procedures, resulting in increased morbidity and treatment costs. Closed-incision negative-pressure wound therapy (ciNPWT) systems seem to reduce postoperative wound complications by sealing the wound and reducing tensile forces.

Materials and methods
We conducted a collaborative English literature review in the PubMed database including publications from 2009 to 2020 on ciNPWT use in five surgical subspecialities (orthopaedics and trauma, general surgery, plastic surgery, cardiac surgery and vascular surgery). With literature reviews, case reports and expert opinions excluded, the remaining 59 studies were critically summarized and evaluated with regard to their level of evidence.

Results
Of nine studies analysed in orthopaedics and trauma, positive results of ciNPWT were reported in 55.6%. In 11 of 13 (84.6%), 13 of 15 (86.7%) and 10 of 10 (100%) of studies analysed in plastic, vascular and general surgery, respectively, a positive effect of ciNPWT was observed. On the contrary, only 4 of 12 studies from cardiac surgery discovered positive effects of ciNPWT (33.3%).

Conclusion
ciNPWT is a promising treatment modality to improve postoperative wound healing, notably when facing increased tensile forces. To optimise ciNPWT benefits, indications for its use should be based on patient- and procedure-related risk factors.
Parametrizing the Energy Dissipation Rate in Stably Stratified Flows
Authors: Basu Sukanta , He Ping , DeMarco Adam W. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe use a database of direct numerical simulations to evaluate parametrizations for energy dissipation rate in stably stratified flows. We show that shear-based formulations are more appropriate for stable boundary layers than commonly used buoyancy-based formulations. As part of the derivations, we explore several length scales of turbulence and investigate their dependence on local stability.
Microbial diversity of the glass sponge Vazella pourtalesii in response to anthropogenic activities
Authors: Busch Kathrin , Beazley Lindsay , Kenchington Ellen , Whoriskey Frederick , Slaby Beate M. , Hentschel Ute 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEstablishment of adequate conservation areas represents a challenging but crucial task in the conservation of genetic diversity and biological variability. Anthropogenic pressures on marine ecosystems and organisms are steadily increasing. Whether and to what extent these pressures influence marine genetic biodiversity is only starting to be revealed. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we analysed the microbial community structure of 33 individuals of the habitat-forming glass sponge Vazella pourtalesii, as well as reference seawater, sediment, and biofilm samples. We assessed how two anthropogenic impacts, i.e. habitat destruction by trawling and artificial substrate provision (moorings made of composite plastic), correspond with in situ V. pourtalesii microbiome variability. In addition, we evaluated the role of two bottom fishery closures in preserving sponge-associated microbial diversity on the Scotian Shelf, Canada. Our results illustrate that V. pourtalesii sponges collected from protected sites within fishery closures contained distinct and taxonomically largely novel microbial communities. At the trawled site we recorded significant quantitative differences in distinct microbial phyla, such as a reduction in Nitrospinae in the four sponges from this site and the environmental references. Individuals of V. pourtalesii growing on the mooring were significantly enriched in Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia and Cyanobacteria in comparison to sponge individuals growing on the natural seabed. Due to a concomitant enrichment of these taxa in the mooring biofilm, we propose that biofilms on artificial substrates may ‘prime’ sponge-associated microbial communities when small sponges settle on such substrates. These observations likely have relevant management implications when considering the increase of artificial substrates in the marine environment, e.g., marine litter, off-shore wind parks, and petroleum platforms.
The Role of Neutrophil NETosis in Organ Injury: Novel Inflammatory Cell Death Mechanisms
Authors: Cahilog Zhen , Zhao Hailin , Wu Lingzhi , Alam Azeem , Eguchi Shiori , Weng Hao , Ma Daqing 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNETosis is a type of regulated cell death dependent on the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET), where net-like structures of decondensed chromatin and proteases are produced by polymorphonuclear (PMN) granulocytes. These structures immobilise pathogens and restrict them with antimicrobial molecules, thus preventing their spread. Whilst NETs possess a fundamental anti-microbial function within the innate immune system under physiological circumstances, increasing evidence also indicates that NETosis occurs in the pathogenic process of other disease type, including but not limited to atherosclerosis, airway inflammation, Alzheimer’s and stroke. Here, we reviewed the role of NETosis in the development of organ injury, including injury to the brain, lung, heart, kidney, musculoskeletal system, gut and reproductive system, whilst therapeutic agents in blocking injuries induced by NETosis in its primitive stages were also discussed. This review provides novel insights into the involvement of NETosis in different organ injuries, and whilst potential therapeutic measures targeting NETosis remain a largely unexplored area, these warrant further investigation.
Stability of synchronous states in sparse neuronal networks
Authors: Afifurrahman  , Ullner Ekkehard , Politi Antonio 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe stability of synchronous states is analyzed in the context of two populations of inhibitory and excitatory neurons, characterized by two different pulse-widths. The problem is reduced to that of determining the eigenvalues of a suitable class of sparse random matrices, randomness being a consequence of the network structure. A detailed analysis, which includes also the study of finite-amplitude perturbations, is performed in the limit of narrow pulses, finding that the overall stability depends crucially on the relative pulse-width. This has implications for the overall property of the asynchronous (balanced) regime.
Jointly Held Investment Options and Vertical Relationships
Authors: Zormpas Dimitrios 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe find the optimal time for exercising a jointly held investment option. When the input market is competitive, the investment can take place earlier, later, or exactly when the optimal investment threshold is reached depending on how the option holders interact and on the bargaining power distribution. When instead the input supplier has market power, the game-theoretic framework downstream is shown to be of secondary importance. The timing effect that is attributed to the vertical relationship is always prevailing, which dictates the inefficient postponement of the investment.
The influence of ecosystems on the entrepreneurship process: a comparison across developed and developing economies
Authors: Guerrero Maribel , Liñán Francisco , Cáceres-Carrasco F. Rafael 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOver the past 30 years, the academic literature has legitimised the significant impact of environmental conditions on entrepreneurial activity. In the past 5 years, in particular, the academic debate has focused on the elements that configure entrepreneurship ecosystems and their influence on the creation of high-growth ventures. Previous studies have also recognised the heterogeneity of environmental conditions (including policies, support programs, funding, culture, professional infrastructure, university support, labour market, R&D, and market dynamics) across regions/countries. Yet, an in-depth discussion is required to address how environmental conditions vary per entrepreneurial stage of enterprises within certain regions/countries, as well as how these conditions determine the technological factor of the entrepreneurial process. By reviewing the literature from 2000 to 2017, this paper analyses the environmental conditions that have influenced the transitions towards becoming potential entrepreneurs, nascent/new entrepreneurs, and established/consolidated entrepreneurs in both developed and developing economies. Our findings show why diversity in entrepreneurship and context is significant. Favourable conditions include professional support, incubators/accelerators, networking with multiple agents, and R&D investments. Less favourable conditions include a lack of funding sources, labour market conditions, and social norms. Our paper contributes by proposing a research agenda and implications for stakeholders.
A field strength independent MR radiomics model to predict pathological complete response in locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Cusumano Davide , Meijer Gert , Lenkowicz Jacopo , Chiloiro Giuditta , Boldrini Luca , Masciocchi Carlotta , Dinapoli Nicola , Gatta Roberto , Casà Calogero , Damiani Andrea , Barbaro Brunella , Gambacorta Maria Antonietta , Azario Luigi , De Spirito Marco , Intven Martijn , Valentini Vincenzo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Aim of this study was to develop a generalised radiomics model for predicting pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer patients using pre-CRT T2-weighted images acquired at a 1.5 T and a 3 T scanner.

Methods
In two institutions, 195 patients were scanned: 136 patients were scanned on a 1.5 T MR scanner, 59 patients on a 3 T MR scanner. Gross tumour volumes were delineated on the MR images and 496 radiomic features were extracted, applying the intensity-based (IB) filter. Features were standardised with Z-score normalisation and an initial feature selection was carried out using Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test: The most significant features at 1.5 T and 3 T were selected as main features. Several logistic regression models combining the main features with a third one selected by those resulting significant were elaborated and evaluated in terms of area under curve (AUC). A tenfold cross-validation was repeated 300 times to evaluate the model robustness.

Results
Three features were selected: maximum fractal dimension with IB = 0–50, energy and grey-level non-uniformity calculated on the run-length matrix with IB = 0–50. The AUC of the model applied to the whole dataset after cross-validation was 0.72, while values of 0.70 and 0.83 were obtained when 1.5 T and 3 T patients were considered, respectively.

Conclusions
The model elaborated showed good performance, even when data from patients scanned on 1.5 T and 3 T were merged. This shows that magnetic field intensity variability can be overcome by means of selecting appropriate image features.
Ist die Geschlechterrolleneinstellung entscheidend? Die Wirkung länderspezifischer Geschlechterkulturen auf die Erwerbsarbeitszeiten von Frauen
Authors: Kümmerling Angelika , Postels Dominik 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungIn der letzten Dekade wurde (nicht nur) in Deutschland eine Reihe von Maßnahmen zur Erhöhung der weiblichen Erwerbsbeteiligung eingeführt (Ausbau der Kinderbetreuungseinrichtungen, Elterngeld etc.). Während sich die Erwerbsquote der Frauen deutlich erhöht hat, fallen die Effekte auf das Arbeitsvolumen deutlich schwächer aus. Ziel des Beitrags ist es, diejenigen Faktoren zu identifizieren, die zu höheren Arbeitszeiten von Frauen beitragen. Hierfür vergleichen wir auf Grundlage des European Social Surveys die Arbeitszeiten von Frauen in der EU-27 und entwickeln ein Mehrebenenmodell, das uns ermöglicht, Einflüsse von Makro- und Mikroebene auf die Arbeitszeiten gleichzeitig zu beobachten. Auf der Mikroebene kontrollieren wir die individuelle Qualifikation, die Lebensphase und verschiedene Arbeitsplatzcharakteristika, auf der Makroebene soziostrukturelle und familienpolitische Unterschiede in den EU-Ländern. Aufbauend auf der Theorie der Geschlechterkulturen von Pfau-Effinger modellieren wir zusätzlich die Geschlechterkultur als mit Makrostrukturen interagierende Variable. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Wirkung familienfreundlicher Maßnahmen, wie die Verfügbarkeit von Kinderbetreuungseinrichtungen oder flexibler Arbeitszeitmodelle, durch länderspezifische Geschlechterrollenvorstellungen beeinflusst werden. Wir schließen daraus, dass politische und betriebliche Maßnahmen zur besseren Einbindung von Frauen in den Arbeitsmarkt und insbesondere zur Erhöhung ihrer Arbeitszeit nur dann ihre volle Wirksamkeit entfalten können, wenn diese durch die in einer Gesellschaft vorherrschenden Rollen- und Familienleitbilder gestützt werden.
Three new Critically Endangered Inversodicraea (Podostemaceae) species from Tropical Africa: I. senei, I. tanzaniensis and I. botswana
Authors: Cheek Martin , Séné Olivier , Ngansop Eric 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThree new species of Inversodicraea (Podostemaceae), I. senei from the Memv’ele falls of the Ntem River, Cameroon, I. tanzaniensis from the Ruhudji River near Lupembe, Southern Highlands, Tanzania, and I. botswana from the Kasane rapids on the Chobe River, Botswana, are described and illustrated. All three species are known from single sites. All three are assessed as Critically Endangered using the IUCN standard. With 35 species, Inversodicraea is the most species-diverse genus of Podostemaceae in continental Africa, to which it is endemic. Four species of Inversodicraea are now known to be sympatric and point endemics at Memv’ele Falls in Cameroon where a hydro-electric dam is being constructed, threatening them with global extinction. Equally, I. tanzaniensis is threatened by proposed hydro-electric projects in Tanzania. In contrast, I. botswana is threatened by sewage discharge and also by bridge construction.
A semantic graph database for the interoperability of 3D GIS data
Authors: Malinverni Eva Savina , Naticchia Berardo , Lerma Garcia Jose Luis , Gorreja Alban , Lopez Uriarte Joaquin , Di Stefano Francesco 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the last decades, the use of information management systems in the building data processing led to radical changes to the methods of data production, documentation and archiving. In particular, the possibilities, given by these information systems, to visualize the 3D model and to formulate queries have placed the question of the information sharing in digital format. The integration of information systems represents an efficient solution for defining smart, sustainable and resilient projects, such as conservation and restoration processes, giving the possibilities to combine heterogeneous data. GIS provides a robust data storage system, a definition of topological and semantic relationships and spatial queries. 3D GIS makes possible the creation of three-dimensional model in a geospatial context. To promote the interoperability of GIS data, the present research aims first to analyse methods of conversion in CityGML and IndoorGML model, defining an ontological domain. This has led to the creation of a new enriched model, based on connections among the different elements of the urban model in GIS environment, and to the possibility to formulate queries based on these relations. The second step consists in collecting all data translated into a specific format that fill a graph database in a semantic web environment, while maintaining those relationships. The semantic web technology represents an efficient tool of interoperability that leaves open the possibility to import BIM data in the same graph database and to join both GIS and BIM models. The outcome will offer substantial benefits during the entire project life cycle. This methodology can also be applied to cultural heritage where the information management plays a key role.
Identification of the population source of free-ranging cats threatening endemic species on Tokunoshima Island, Japan
Authors: Kazato Kazuaki , Watari Yuya , Miyashita Tadashi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFree-ranging cats Felis silvestris catus are harmful to endemic species, especially on islands. Effective management practices require an understanding of their habitat use and population source at the landscape level. We aimed to identify the source of the free-ranging cat population on Tokunoshima Island, Japan, which harbors a variety of endemic organisms as well as human settlements. Trapping data for the whole island were provided by local governments, and landscape factors (residential, agricultural, and woodlot areas and cattle barn density) affecting cat density were explored. An analysis of live-capture data indicated that the density (per 1 km2) of free-ranging cats was positively correlated with the densities of cattle barns and woodlot areas and negatively correlated with residential areas. An interview survey revealed that nearly half of the cattle barns feed free-ranging cats. The source habitat of free-ranging cats appears to be areas with a high density of cattle barns and a high percentage of woodlots in human-dominated landscapes. Feeding cats in cattle barns may strengthen the bottom-up process of population growth on the island. To reduce the impact of cats on endemic species on Tokunoshima Island, efforts to stop feeding cats in cattle barns are important. Reaching a consensus with stakeholders will require further studies of the ecological risks posed by free-ranging cats.