bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information encountering re-encountered
Authors: Erdelez Sanda , Makri Stephann 
Published: February 2020

PurposeIn order to understand the totality, diversity and richness of human information behavior, increasing research attention has been paid to examining serendipity in the context of information acquisition. However, several issues have arisen as this research subfield has tried to find its feet; we have used different, inconsistent terminology to define this phenomenon (e.g. information encountering, accidental information discovery, incidental information acquisition), the scope of the phenomenon has not been clearly defined and its nature was not fully understood or fleshed-out.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, information encountering (IE) was proposed as the preferred term for serendipity in the context of information acquisition.FindingsA reconceptualized definition and scope of IE was presented, a temporal model of IE and a refined model of IE that integrates the IE process with contextual factors and extends previous models of IE to include additional information acquisition activities pre- and postencounter.Originality/valueBy providing a more precise definition, clearer scope and richer theoretical description of the nature of IE, there was hope to make the phenomenon of serendipity in the context of information acquisition more accessible, encouraging future research consistency and thereby promoting deeper, more unified theoretical development.
Uncomfortable in my own skin – emerging, early-stage identity-related information needs of transgender people
Authors: Huttunen Aira , Hirvonen Noora , Kähkönen Lotta 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis study aims to increase the understanding of the early-stage identity-related information needs of transgender people.Design/methodology/approachThis study draws on social constructivism, queer theory and information practice research. In accordance with the queer phenomenological approach which emphasises lived experiences, data was collected by interviewing 25 individuals who identified as transgender. The data was analysed with a focus on how early-stage information needs are formed into conscious information needs.FindingsThe formation of early-stage information needs were conceptualised as a chain including a trigger for information seeking, finding the right words and understanding the experience. Especially the bodily changes starting at puberty were strong causes of discomfort causing friction between the subjects' own gendered body and their gender experience, even leading to gender dysphoria. Finding words to describe the experience played an important role in the process of identity formation. In many cases this was difficult because of the lack of accurate and relevant information.Social implicationsProviding information especially of varying transgender experiences is vital for individuals trying to understand and verbalise their gender identity.Originality/valueThis study provides an understanding of the early-stage information needs described by transgender people and the process of building identities through disorientation. This study suggests that early-stage information needs are a valid concept to help understand how embodied experiences and the friction between the lived experience and the social world can lead to information seeking.
The impact of labor market freedom on state-level in-migration in the US
Authors: Cebula Richard J. , Duquette Christopher M. , Jolley G. Jason 
Published: February 2020

PurposeInfluences on the pattern of internal migration in the US, including economic factors, quality-of-life factors and public policy variables have been extensively studied by regional scientists since the early 1970s. Interestingly, a small number of studies also address the effects of economic freedom on migration. The purpose of this paper is to add to the migration literature by examining the impact of labor market freedom on both gross and net state in-migration over the study period 2008–2016.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses dynamic panel data analysis to investigate the impact of labor market freedom on both gross and net state in-migration over the study period 2008–2016.FindingsThe panel generalized method of moments analysis reveals that overall labor market freedom exercised a positive and statistically significant impact on both measures of state in-migration over the study period. The study finds a 1 percentage point increase in the overall labor market freedom index results in a 2.8 percent increase in the gross in-migration rate.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings imply states interested in attracting migrants and stimulating economic growth should pursue policies consistent with increased labor freedom.Originality/valueThe emphasis in the present study is on the impact of labor market freedom on state-level in-migration patterns, both gross and net, over a contemporary time period that includes both the Great Recession and subsequent recovering.
Yoga for anxiety and depression – a literature review
Authors: Nanthakumar Chandra 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of classical yoga not only as a complementary therapy but also as a viable option in the management of anxiety and depression.Design/methodology/approachPapers were retrieved using a combination of databases including PubMed/MEDLINE and PsycINFO.FindingsThe findings revealed that the practice of yoga as complementary therapy and also as a stand-alone therapy is effective in managing and reducing anxiety and depression.Research limitations/implicationsAll the studies reviewed in this paper were methodologically limited in terms of sample size, sample heterogeneity, yoga intervention styles, duration of practice and teaching methods. Further research is needed to address key areas such as how much yoga is needed per week, duration of each class and specifically the types of asanas and pranayama to practise to bring about change in the anxiety and depressive states.Practical implicationsThis review has provided substantial insight to yoga as a complementary and/or stand-alone therapy for anxiety and depression which is much needed in this contemporary society. The Malaysian community especially teenagers and adults, should consider incorporating yoga as part of their daily routine to experience and reap its benefits. It is suggested that yoga be included as part of the physical education curriculum in learning institutions and as a recreational activity for staff in public and private organisations.Originality/valueThe findings of this review provide an avenue for victims to cope with and manage anxiety and depression through the practice of yoga.
Experiments and evaluation of public policies: Methods, implementation, and challenges
Authors: Jensen Paul H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEvidence‐based policymaking is all about developing and implementing better public policies. Although the logic underpinning this philosophy is simple, the practicalities of demonstrating causal effects of a public policy are much more complex. In recent years, there has been a wave of optimism about the usefulness of experimental approaches to public policy evaluation which mimics the clean, causal inferences observed in clinical trials. Although these methods, such as randomised controlled trials, have been widely advocated and implemented, they are not without their potential problems. In this paper, we consider the strengths, weaknesses, and challenges posed by the revolution in policy evaluation brought about by embracing experimental methods.
Financing Local Police Spending in England and Wales: Fiscal Federalism in Practice
Authors: Crawford Rowena , Disney Richard , Simpson Polly 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSince 1995, police forces in England and Wales have been able to raise revenues locally to supplement grants from central government. We analyse the variation across police force areas in locally raised police revenues over the 2000s, and we find that three‐quarters of the temporal and spatial variation in local revenues per head can be explained by differences in incomes, prices and local preferences. A particularly robust parameter is the effective local community tax price associated with raising revenue. We discuss the police funding model in the wider context of fiscal federalism, and we point to alternative funding structures that could be adopted.
Effects of adding solid and molten chocolate on the physicochemical, antioxidant, microbiological, and sensory properties of ewe's milk cheese
Authors: Ashkezary Mansour Rabie , Bonanno Adriana , Todaro Massimo , Settanni Luca , Gaglio Raimondo , Todaro Aldo , Alabiso Marco , Maniaci Giuseppe , Mazza Francesca , Grigoli Antonino Di 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA novel dairy product, namely “chocolate cheese”, was produced with two typical Sicilian food products: Pecorino cheese, processed from ewe's milk, and Modica chocolate. The cheese, manufactured with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% (w/w) solid or molten chocolate, was evaluated after 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks of vacuum storage for its nutritional and health properties. The addition of chocolate reduced the pH, protein, fat, and ash; the addition of 5% or 10% molten chocolate reduced hardness (N/mm2). The addition of either solid or molten chocolate resulted in a slight increase (P < 0.1038) in the total polyphenol content, a higher oleic acid content, and less oxidative stability. The microbiological profile showed that the total mesophilic count and the number of mesophilic coccus lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were approximately equal (about 108 CFU/g) in all cheese. The survival of the microorganisms was affected by both the chocolate added and the storage time. Chocolate cheese stored for 6 weeks had less Enterobacteriaceae than control cheese, whereas yeasts were detected at higher cell densities in the former cheese. Filamentous fungi were undetectable in some cheese. Differences were also observed in the number of mesophilic rod LAB, which increased progressively over time in all cheese, and in Enterobacteriaceae, yeasts, and filamentous fungi, which decreased during storage. Descriptive and hedonic sensory tests and principal component analysis showed that fresh cheese and cheese stored for 2 weeks, including 5% molten chocolate, were the most preferred by evaluators. Based on these results, chocolate cheese has the potential to be appreciated in the market for its nutritional, health, and sensory properties.Practical ApplicationChocolate cheese, made by combining two typical Sicilian foods, Pecorino cheese and Modica chocolate, is proposed as a novel dairy product. The highest sensory acceptance was obtained with the addition of 5% molten chocolate and storage for 2 weeks. Given its improved antioxidant properties, healthier fat, and sensory properties, chocolate cheese has the potential to be appreciated in the market, especially by young consumers.
Different administration routes of recombinant human endostatin combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy might lead to different efficacy and safety profile in unresectable stage III non‐small cell lung cancer: Updated follow‐up results from two phase II trials
Authors: Honglian Ma , Zhouguang Hui , Fang PENG , Lujun Zhao , Dongming Li , Yujin Xu , Yong Bao , Liming Xu , Yirui Zhai , Xiao Hu , Jin Wang , Yue Kong , Lvhua Wang , Ming Chen 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundThere are two main choices of administration route of recombinant human endostatin (Endostar) available and the treatment options of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) have changed over time. The aim of this study was to observe the long‐term efficacy and safety of different administration routes of Endostar combined with CCRT.MethodsPatients with unresectable stage III non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from two phase II trials were included as two cohorts. Both were treated with Endostar combined with CCRT. Endostar was administrated by intravenous injection (7.5 mg/m2/day, seven days) in the IV arm and by continuous intravenous pumping (7.5 mg/m2/24 hours, 120 hours) in the CIV arm.ResultsA total of 48 patients were included in the IV arm and 67 patients in the CIV arm. The median progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), local recurrence‐free survival (LRFS) and distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS) in the IV arm and CIV arm were 9.9 months versus 15.4 months (HR = 0.751, 95% CI 0.487–1.160, P = 0.200), 24.0 months versus 38.5 months (HR = 0.746, 95% CI 0.473–1.178, P = 0.209), 32.3 months versus 27.1 months (HR = 1.193, 95% CI 0.673–2.115, P = 0.546), 20.1 months versus 49.7 months (HR = 0.603, 95% CI 0.351–1.036, P = 0.067). The one, three, five‐year PFS in the IV arm and CIV arm was 45.8% versus 52.9%, 18.3% versus 31.4%, and 18.3% versus 27.7% and the one, three, five‐year OS was 81.2% versus 82.1%, 31.1% versus 50.3%, and 31.1% versus 41%, respectively. Incidence of hematological adverse reactions were numerically lower in the CIV arm than the IV arm.ConclusionsEndostar delivered by CIV with CCRT may be a better option than IV in terms of potential survival and safety for unresectable stage III NSCLC.Key pointsSignificant findings of the study Endostar delivered by continuous intravenous pumping might achieve more favorable survival over intravenous injection and reduce adverse hematological reactions in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC treated with Endostar combined with CCRT.What this study adds The administration route of recombinant human endostatin is also one key factor for survival and safety to consider when treating patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC.
Class A CpG oligodeoxynucleotide inhibits IFN‐γ‐induced signaling and apoptosis in lung cancer
Authors: Teranishi Shuhei , Kobayashi Nobuaki , Katakura Seigo , Kamimaki Chisato , Kubo Sousuke , Shibata Yuji , Yamamoto Masaki , Kudo Makoto , Piao Hongmei , Kaneko Takeshi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, anticancer immunotherapy based on PD‐1/PD‐L1 blockade with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is being used as a standard therapy for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, more effective treatments are required as these tumors are often resistant and refractory. Here, we aimed to determine the effects of immunomodulatory oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) in terms of the presence or absence of CpG motifs and the number of consecutive guanosines.MethodsWestern blots were used to measure the molecules which regulate the expression of PD‐L1 in human lung cancer cell lines after incubation with several cytokines and ODNs. The expression of PD‐L1 and β2‐microglobulin (β2‐MG) on A549 cells, and IFN‐γ‐induced apoptosis with ODNs were examined by flow cytometry. The relationship between IFN‐γ receptor and ODN was analyzed by ELISA and immunofluorescence chemistry.ResultsOur results verified that A‐CpG ODNs suppress the upregulation of IFN‐γ‐induced PD‐L1 and β2‐MG expression. In addition, we found that ODNs with six or more consecutive guanosines (ODNs with poly‐G sequences) may competitively inhibit the IFN‐γ receptor and abolish the effect of IFN‐γ, thereby suppressing apoptosis and indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase 1 expression in human lung cancer cells. The tumor microenvironment regulates whether this action will promote or suppress tumor immunity. Thus, in immunotherapy with CpG ODNs, it is essential to consider the effect of ODNs with poly‐G sequences.ConclusionsThis study suggests that ODNs containing six or more consecutive guanosines may inhibit the binding of IFN‐γ to IFN‐γ receptor. However, it does not directly show that ODNs containing six or more consecutive guanosines competitively inhibit the IFN‐γ receptor, and further studies are warranted to confirm this finding.Key points

Significant findings of the study: Oligodeoxynucleotides with a contiguous sequence of six or more guanosines may competitively inhibit the IFN‐γ receptor and abolish the action of IFN‐γ. This may suppress IFN‐γ‐induced apoptosis and indoleamine‐2,3‐dioxygenase‐1 expression in human lung cancer cells.

What this study adds: A‐CpG and poly‐G ODN may overcome tolerance if the cause of ICI tolerance is high IDO expression. However, IFN‐γ also has the effect of suppressing apoptosis of cancer cells, and it is necessary to identify the cause of resistance.
Severe hepatotoxicity due to osimertinib after nivolumab therapy in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer harboring EGFR mutation
Authors: Yamaguchi Ou , Kaira Kyoichi , Kawasaki Tomonori , Mouri Atsuto , Hashimoto Kosuke , Shiono Ayako , Shinomiya Shun , Miura Yu , Nishihara Fuyumi , Murayama Yoshitake , Kobayashi Kunihiko , Mochida Satoshi , Kagamu Hiroshi 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundOsimertinib is the most promising treatment option for patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation‐positive non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with acquired T790M resistance. However, recent studies have suggested that osimertinib could increase the frequency of serious adverse events (AEs) if administered immediately after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment.MethodsIn this single‐institution retrospective study conducted from May 2016 to January 2019, osimertinib was administered to 47 patients with pretreated advanced NSCLC harboring the EGFR mutation.ResultsOf the 47 patients, 20 (42.6%) were men and 27 (57.4%) were women. The median age was 71 years (range 37–83 years). A total of 19 patients (40.4%) had a smoking history. Furthermore, seven patients (14.9%) received osimertinib immediately after nivolumab therapy, while 40 patients (85.1%) were treated with osimertinib after treatment with drugs other than nivolumab. The frequency of grade 3 or 4 hepatotoxicity was significantly higher in patients with nivolumab prior to osimertinib (4/7; 57.1%) than in those treated with drugs other than nivolumab prior to osimertinib (2/40; 5.0%) (P = 0.0026). Liver biopsies were performed in two patients who received osimertinib immediately after nivolumab. In both patients, CD‐8‐positive T cell infiltration was predominantly observed in the liver tissues.ConclusionsThe use of osimertinib immediately after nivolumab significantly increased the frequency of grade 3 or higher hepatotoxicity in patients with advanced NSCLC harboring EGFR mutation acquired T790M resistance.
Prolonging seedling age does not reduce grain yields in machine‐transplanted early‐season rice under precision sowing
Authors: Huang Min , Fang Shengliang , Cao Fangbo , Chen Jiana , Shan Shuanglü , Liu Yu , Lei Tao , Tian Alin , Tao Zui , Zou Yingbin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHigh seed sowing rates have shortened seedling age in conventional machine‐transplanted rice, which has become a challenge for intensive rice production in China. This study aimed to test our hypothesis that prolonging seedling age may not lead to reduced yield in machine‐transplanted early‐season rice under precision sowing. Field experiments were conducted with two cultivars in 2 years to determine the effect of prolonging seedling age on seedling traits, grain yield, and yield attributes in machine‐transplanted early‐season rice with printed sowing (a new precision sowing method). All tested seedling traits, including height, basal width, leaf and root number, and shoot and root biomass, were significantly increased when seedling age was prolonged from 20 days (a commonly recommended seedling age for conventional machine transplanting) to 30 days. The prolonged seedling age did not significantly affect grain yield, yield components, or biomass production and translocation. These results support our hypothesis and suggest that adopting precision sowing is a feasible way to prolong seedling age of machine‐transplanted early‐season rice.
General Anesthetic Exposure During Early Adolescence Persistently Alters Ethanol Responses
Authors: Landin Justine D. , Gore‐Langton Jonathan K. , Varlinskaya Elena I. , Spear Linda P. , Werner David F. 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundAdolescent alcohol abuse can lead to behavioral dysfunction and chronic, relapsing alcohol use disorder (AUD) in adulthood. However, not all adolescents that consume alcohol will develop an AUD; therefore, it is critical to identify neural and environmental risk factors that contribute to increases in susceptibility to AUDs following adolescent alcohol (ethanol [EtOH]) exposure. We previously found that adolescent anesthetic exposure led to strikingly similar behavioral and neural effects as adolescent alcohol exposure. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that general anesthetic exposure during early adolescence would alter EtOH responses consistent with an exacerbation of the adolescent alcohol phenotype.MethodsTo test this hypothesis, early‐adolescent male Sprague‐Dawley rats were exposed for a short duration to the general anesthetic isoflurane and tested on multiple EtOH‐induced behaviors in mid‐late adolescence or adulthood.ResultsAdolescent rats exposed to isoflurane exhibited decreases in sensitivity to negative properties of EtOH such as its aversive, hypnotic, and socially suppressive effects, as well as increases in voluntary EtOH intake and cognitive impairment. Select behaviors were noted to persist into adulthood following adolescent isoflurane exposure. Similar exposure in adults had no effects on EtOH sensitivity.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates for the first time that early‐adolescent isoflurane exposure alters EtOH sensitivity in a manner consistent with an exacerbation of adolescent‐typical alcohol responding. These findings suggest that general anesthetic exposure during adolescence may be an environmental risk factor contributing to an enhanced susceptibility to developing AUDs in an already vulnerable population.
Can network analysis shed light on predictors of lithium response in bipolar I disorder?
Authors: Scott J. , Bellivier F. , Manchia M. , Schulze T. , Alda M. , Etain B. ,   investigators involved in the ConLiGen collaboration
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTo undertake a large‐scale clinical study of predictors of lithium (Li) response in bipolar I disorder (BD‐I) and apply contemporary multivariate approaches to account for inter‐relationships between putative predictors.MethodsWe used network analysis to estimate the number and strength of connections between potential predictors of good Li response (measured by a new scoring algorithm for the Retrospective Assessment of Response to Lithium Scale) in 900 individuals with BD‐I recruited to the Consortium of Lithium Genetics.ResultsAfter accounting for co‐associations between potential predictors, the most important factors associated with the good Li response phenotype were panic disorder, manic predominant polarity, manic first episode, age at onset between 15–32 years and family history of BD. Factors most strongly linked to poor outcome were comorbid obsessive–compulsive disorder, alcohol and/or substance misuse, and/or psychosis (symptoms or syndromes).ConclusionsNetwork analysis can offer important additional insights to prospective studies of predictors of Li treatment outcomes. It appears to especially help in further clarifying the role of family history of BD (i.e. its direct and indirect associations) and highlighting the positive and negative associations of different subtypes of anxiety disorders with Li response, particularly the little‐known negative association between Li response and obsessive–compulsive disorder.