bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathobiont-induced suppressive immune imprints thwart T cell vaccine responses
Authors: Hajam Irshad Ahmed , Tsai Chih-Ming , Gonzalez Cesia , Caldera Juan Raphael , Lázaro Díez María , Du Xin , Aralar April , Lin Brian , Duong William , Liu George Y. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPathobionts have evolved many strategies to coexist with the host, but how immune evasion mechanisms contribute to the difficulty of developing vaccines against pathobionts is unclear. Meanwhile, Staphylococcus aureus (SA) has resisted human vaccine development to date. Here we show that prior SA exposure induces non-protective CD4+ T cell imprints, leading to the blunting of protective IsdB vaccine responses. Mechanistically, these SA-experienced CD4+ T cells express IL-10, which is further amplified by vaccination and impedes vaccine protection by binding with IL-10Rα on CD4+ T cell and inhibit IL-17A production. IL-10 also mediates cross-suppression of IsdB and sdrE multi-antigen vaccine. By contrast, the inefficiency of SA IsdB, IsdA and MntC vaccines can be overcome by co-treatment with adjuvants that promote IL-17A and IFN-γ responses. We thus propose that IL-10 secreting, SA-experienced CD4+ T cell imprints represent a staphylococcal immune escaping mechanism that needs to be taken into consideration for future vaccine development.
CEP signaling coordinates plant immunity with nitrogen status
Authors: Rzemieniewski Jakub , Leicher Henriette , Lee Hyun Kyung , Broyart Caroline , Nayem Shahran , Wiese Christian , Maroschek Julian , Camgöz Zeynep , Olsson Lalun Vilde , Djordjevic Michael Anthony , Vlot A. Corina , Hückelhoven Ralph , Santiago Julia , Stegmann Martin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPlant endogenous signaling peptides shape growth, development and adaptations to biotic and abiotic stress. Here, we identify C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDEs (CEPs) as immune-modulatory phytocytokines in Arabidopsis thaliana. Our data reveals that CEPs induce immune outputs and are required to mount resistance against the leaf-infecting bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. We show that effective immunity requires CEP perception by tissue-specific CEP RECEPTOR 1 (CEPR1) and CEPR2. Moreover, we identify the related RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 7 (RLK7) as a CEP4-specific CEP receptor contributing to CEP-mediated immunity, suggesting a complex interplay of multiple CEP ligands and receptors in different tissues during biotic stress. CEPs have a known role in the regulation of root growth and systemic nitrogen (N)-demand signaling. We provide evidence that CEPs and their receptors promote immunity in an N status-dependent manner, suggesting a previously unknown molecular crosstalk between plant nutrition and cell surface immunity. We propose that CEPs and their receptors are central regulators for the adaptation of biotic stress responses to plant-available resources.
Sulfur species and gold transport in arc magmatic fluids
Authors: Farsang Stefan , Zajacz Zoltán 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The sulfur species present in magmatic fluids affect the global redox cycle, the Earth’s climate and the formation of some of the largest and most economic ore deposits of critical metals. However, the speciation of sulfur under conditions that are relevant for upper crustal magma reservoirs is unclear. Here we combine a prototype pressure vessel apparatus and Raman spectroscopy to determine sulfur speciation in arc magmatic fluid analogues in situ over a range of geologically relevant pressure–temperature–redox conditions. We find that HS−, H2S and SO2 are the main sulfur species in the experimental fluids, while the concentrations of S6+ species and S2
− and S3
− sulfur radical ions are negligible, in contrast to previous experimental work. The measured gold solubilities in the experimental fluids are highest when sulfur is dominantly present as HS− and H2S species and greatly exceed thermodynamic predictions. Our results imply that HS−, rather than sulfur radicals, accounts for the high solubilities of gold in magmatic–hydrothermal fluids. We also find that magmatic sulfur degassing is a redox process under oxidizing conditions and may lead to additional magma oxidation beyond that imparted by slab-derived fluxes and crystallization.
Late Holocene cooling drove drastic decreases in cladoceran diversity in a subarctic lake
Authors: González Sagrario María de los Ángeles , Vrede Tobias , Belle Simon 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSubarctic lakes are sentinels of climate change, showing responses in their physical, chemical, and biological properties. However, climate-induced changes in invertebrate diversity and their underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We explored the relationship between past climate change and taxonomic composition of subfossil cladocerans in a subarctic lake during the last ca. 5700 years. The Cladocera community shifted from specialist to generalist species at ca. 3500 cal years BP, corresponding to the long-term cooling period between the Holocene Thermal Maximum and the Late Holocene. Taxonomic diversity declined driven by the collapse of the keystone herbivorous Daphnia longispina group, pelagic and littoral predators, and phytophilous benthic species, therefore resulting in a simplification of the food web and a reduction of trophic levels. Furthermore, the shift in cladoceran composition was associated with the decline of aquatic primary producers and the development of birch forest, suggesting a potential causal link between dissolved organic carbon dynamics and cladoceran community composition. This study provides empirical evidence of the response of cladocerans to climatic fluctuations and their underlying mechanisms through catchment-mediated processes and direct temperature-induced changes.
The Aachen ACLF ICU score predicts ICU mortality in critically ill patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure
Authors: Pollmanns Maike R. , Kister Bastian , Abu Jhaisha Samira , Adams Jule K. , Kabak Elena , Brozat Jonathan F. , Schneider Carolin V. , Hohlstein Philipp , Bruns Tony , Küpfer Lars , Trautwein Christian , Koch Alexander , Wirtz Theresa H. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAcute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) defines a heterogeneous syndrome involving acute decompensation in patients with pre-existing liver disease accompanied by (multi-)organ failure. This study aimed to develop a simple, reliable machine learning (ML) model to predict mortality in ACLF patients receiving intensive care unit (ICU) treatment. Data from 206 patients admitted to the ICU at RWTH Aachen University Hospital between 2015 and 2021 were retrospectively analyzed with ICU mortality as the primary outcome. An ICU mortality prediction model was developed by logistic regression and validated by 5-fold cross validation. Performance metrics were assessed to evaluate the model’s accuracy and compare to existing mortality scores. ICU mortality was 60%. The chronic-liver-failure-consortium ACLF score (CLIF-C ACLFs) was the best predictor of ICU mortality. ML generated seven models using five to thirteen features. The best-performing model included CLIF-C ACLFs, number of organ failures, Horovitz quotient (FiO2/PaO2), FiO2 and lactate. The newly developed Aachen ACLF ICU (ACICU) score demonstrated exceptional predictive accuracy for ICU mortality (AUROC 0.96), underscoring its potential for mortality and futility assessment in critically ill ACLF patients complementing existing prognostic tools. The ACICU score www.acicu-score.com is an easy-to-use tool for predicting ICU mortality in patients with ACLF offering high predictive performance.
Toxoplasma gondii infection induces early host cell cycle arrest and DNA damage in primary human host cells by a MYR1-dependent mechanism
Authors: Velásquez Zahady D. , Rojas-Baron Lisbeth , Conejeros Iván , Hermosilla Carlos , Taubert Anja 
Published: December 2024

AbstractToxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite, control its host cell cycle through mechanisms that are not fully understood. Key effector molecules, including MYR1 and HCE1, play roles in translocating parasite proteins and inducing host cellular cyclin E1 overexpression, respectively. We investigated the early role of MYR1- and HCE1-driven host cell cycle arrest and DNA damage (up to 3 h p.i.). Our findings showed that T. gondii-infected cells experienced S-phase arrest and displayed double-strand DNA breaks as soon as 15 min p.i. This condition persisted until 3 h p.i., at which point we also observed increased host cell binucleation and micronuclei formation, both hallmarks of genomic instability. Furthermore, host cells responded to DNA damage by activating the ATM branch of the homologous recombination repair pathway. MYR1 was shown to be crucial, as TgΔmyr1 tachyzoites failed to induce S-phase arrest and DNA damage foci. In contrast, the absence of HCE1 did not produce these effects, suggesting that cyclin E1 expression was not involved. Also, DNA damage was demonstrated to be ROS-independent, suggesting that ROS did not trigger DNA damage. Our results suggest that T. gondii compromises host cellular DNA integrity depending on MYR1 shortly after infection, maintaining it over time.
Interpretable multimodal machine learning (IMML) framework reveals pathological signatures of distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy
Authors: Nguyen Phong B. H. , Garger Daniel , Lu Diyuan , Maalmi Haifa , Prokisch Holger , Thorand Barbara , Adamski Jerzy , Kastenmüller Gabi , Waldenberger Melanie , Gieger Christian , Peters Annette , Suhre Karsten , Bönhof Gidon J. , Rathmann Wolfgang , Roden Michael , Grallert Harald , Ziegler Dan , Herder Christian , Menden Michael P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) is a common neurological disorder in elderly adults and people with obesity, prediabetes and diabetes and is associated with high morbidity and premature mortality. DSPN is a multifactorial disease and not fully understood yet.

Methods
Here, we developed the Interpretable Multimodal Machine Learning (IMML) framework for predicting DSPN prevalence and incidence based on sparse multimodal data. Exploiting IMMLs interpretability further empowered biomarker identification. We leveraged the population-based KORA F4/FF4 cohort including 1091 participants and their deep multimodal characterisation, i.e. clinical data, genomics, methylomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, inflammatory proteins and metabolomics.

Results
Clinical data alone is sufficient to stratify individuals with and without DSPN (AUROC = 0.752), whilst predicting DSPN incidence 6.5 ± 0.2 years later strongly benefits from clinical data complemented with two or more molecular modalities (improved ΔAUROC > 0.1, achieved AUROC of 0.714). Important and interpretable features of incident DSPN prediction include up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines, down-regulation of SUMOylation pathway and essential fatty acids, thus yielding novel insights in the disease pathophysiology.

Conclusions
These may become biomarkers for incident DSPN, guide prevention strategies and serve as proof of concept for the utility of IMML in studying complex diseases.
Considerations for Measuring Caregiver Talk in Interactions With Infants at Elevated and Population-Level Likelihood for Autism: Deriving Stable Estimates
Authors: Bottema-Beutel Kristen , Guo Ruoxi , Braun Caroline , Dunham-Carr Kacie , Markfeld Jennifer E. , Pulliam Grace , Clark S. Madison , Keçeli-Kaysılı Bahar , Feldman Jacob I. , Woynaroski Tiffany 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
This study aims to help researchers design observational measurement systems that yield sufficiently stable scores for estimating caregiver talk among caregivers of infant siblings of autistic and non-autistic children. Stable estimates minimize error introduced by facets of the measurement system, such as variability between coders or measurement sessions.

Method:

Analyses of variance were used to partition error variance between coder and session and to derive
g
coefficients. Decision studies determined the number of sessions and coders over which scores must be averaged to achieve sufficiently stable
g
coefficients (0.80). Twelve infants at elevated likelihood of an autism diagnosis and 12 infants with population-level likelihood of autism diagnosis participated in two semistructured observation sessions when the children were 12–18 months of age and again 9 months later. Caregiver follow-in talk was coded from these sessions.

Results:
Two sessions and one coder were needed to achieve sufficient stability for follow-in talk and follow-in comments for both groups of infants at both time points. However, follow-in directives did not reach sufficient stability for any combination of sessions or coders for the population-level likelihood group at either time point, or for the elevated likelihood group at Time 2.

Conclusion:
Researchers should plan to collect at least two sessions to derive sufficiently stable estimates of caregiver talk in infants at elevated and general population–level likelihood for autism.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27996875
A novel noncommunication‐based inductive power transfer control technique for battery charging application
Authors: Li Guocun , Pan Xuewei , Bao Danyang , Cai Zhouchi , Kumar Avneet 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn order to realize the precise control of the output voltage and current of the inductive power transfer (IPT) battery charging system, wireless communication‐based control are generally employed in a lot of existing works. However, the stability of the IPT converter will be impaired if communication fails. This paper proposes a novel noncommunication‐based control strategy with a simple switched controlled capacitor design at the receiver side of the IPT system. A series‐inductor–capacitor–capacitor compensation network is selected to verify the proposed control strategy. Without feedback wireless communication, the proposed IPT system can realize reliable constant current and constant voltage output control over full load range at a fixed switching frequency. At the receiver side, switched controlled capacitor is introduced to control reactive current and convey the output‐side information to the transmitter side in the form of impedance angle. At the transmitter side, impedance angle is detected in real time, and phase shift control is introduced to regulate the output voltage or current of the system. Detailed analysis, implementation, hardware realization of the proposed noncommunication‐based control is presented in this paper. A 250 W experimental prototype is built in the laboratory to verify the proposed control strategy. Constant voltage and constant current for battery charging application are realized through noncommunication‐based control. Zero voltage switching over full range of load and minimized reactive current are achieved, which allows high efficiency operation. Compared with existing work in the literature, the proposed noncommunication‐based control provides the benefits of reduced hardware cost, higher system reliability and stability.
Intermediate mass T Tauri disk masses and a comparison to their Herbig disk descendants
Authors: Stapper L. M. , Hogerheijde M. R. , van Dishoeck E. F. , Vioque M. , Williams J. P. , Ginski C. 
Published: December 2024

Context. Herbig disks are prime sites for the formation of massive exoplanets and looking into the precursors of these disks can offer clues for determining planet formation timescales. The precursors of Herbig stars, called intermediate-mass T Tauri (IMTT) stars, have spectral types later than F, but stellar masses between 1.5 and 5 M⊙. These stars will eventually become Herbig stars of spectral types A and B.
Aims. The aim of this work is to obtain the dust and gas masses and radii of all IMTT disks with ALMA archival data. The obtained disk masses are then compared to Herbig disks and T Tauri disks and the obtained disks sizes to those of Herbig disks.
Methods. ALMA Band 6 and 7 archival data were obtained for 34 IMTT disks with continuum observations, 32 of which have at least 12CO, 13CO, or C18O observations, but with most of them at quite shallow integrations. The disk integrated flux together with a stellar luminosity-scaled disk temperature were used to obtain a total disk dust mass by assuming optically thin emission. Using thermochemical Dust And LInes (DALI) models drawn from previous works, we also obtained gas masses of 10 out of 35 of the IMTT disks based on the CO isotopologues. From the disk masses and sizes, we obtained the cumulative distributions.
Results. The IMTT disks in this study have the same dust mass and radius distributions as Herbig disks. The dust mass of the IMTT disks is higher compared to that of the T Tauri disks, as also found for the Herbig disks. No differences in dust mass were found for group I versus group II disks, in contrast to Herbig disks. The disks for which a gas mass could be determined display a similarly high-mass as to the Herbig disks. Comparing the disk dust and gas mass distributions to the mass distribution of exoplanets shows that there also is not enough dust mass in disks around intermediate-mass stars to form massive exoplanets. On the other hand, there is more than enough gas to form the atmospheres of exoplanets.
Conclusions. We conclude that the sampled IMTT disk population is almost indistinguishable compared to Herbig disks, as their disk masses are the same, even though the former objects are younger. Based on this study, we conclude that planet formation is already well underway in these objects and, thus, planet formation is expected to start early on in the lifetime of Herbig disks. Combined with our findings on group I and group II disks, we conclude that most disks around intermediate-mass pre-main sequence stars converge quickly to small disks, unless they are prevented from doing so by a nearby massive exoplanet.
Modeling of comet water production
Authors: Xin Y. , Skorov Yu. , Zhao Y. , Rezac L. , Hartogh P. , Küppers M. 
Published: December 2024

Aims. This study investigates the impact of microscopic and macroscopic cometary surface properties on water production variations with heliocentric distance, focusing on dust layer thickness, grain size, nucleus shape, and spin axis orientation.
Methods. We employed a two-layer thermophysical model to calculate effective gas production, incorporating a dust layer of porous aggregates of submillimeter- and millimeter-sized grains. The model includes radiative thermal conductivity and permeability for volatile diffusion and considers dust layer evolution and tensile strength. We examined different cometary nucleus shape models based on spacecraft observations and calculated power-law exponents for water production rates as functions of heliocentric distance.
Results. A two-layer outgassing model with fixed layer properties showed minimal qualitative differences from a simpler water ice sublimation model. The study reaffirms the critical role of the spin axis inclination and illuminated cross-section variation with the heliocentric distance in gas production. Using 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko’s orbital parameters, the study demonstrates that dust accumulation and layer growth significantly alter production rate exponents. Additionally, considering tensile strength in a homogeneous spherical nucleus model revealed the potential for local dust crust removal near perihelion.
Conclusions. Macroscopic properties such as nucleus shape and spin axis orientation significantly influence water production rate variations with heliocentric distance. Microscopic surface characteristics and dust layer growth also play crucial roles in cometary activity. Incorporating tensile strength and dust removal mechanisms into models provides a more accurate representation of comet activity, particularly near perihelion. This refined model enhances our understanding of comet outgassing, highlighting the importance of detailed surface property data for an accurate interpretation of observations.
Small-Time Local Controllability of the multi-input bilinear Schrödinger equation thanks to a quadratic term
Authors: GHERDAOUI Théo 
Published: December 2024

The goal of this article is to contribute to a better understanding of the relations between the exact controllability of nonlinear PDEs and the control theory for ODEs based on Lie brackets, through a study of the Schrödinger PDE with bilinear control.
We focus on the small-time local controllability (STLC) around an equilibrium, when the linearized system is not controllable. We study the second-order term in the Taylor expansion of the state, with respect to the control.
For scalar-input ODEs, quadratic terms never recover controllability: they induce signed drifts in the dynamics. Thus proving STLC requires to go at least to the third order. Similar results were proved for the bilinear Schrödinger PDE with scalar-input controls.
In this article, we study the case of multi-input systems. We clarify among the quadratic Lie brackets, those that allow to recover STLC. For ODEs, our result is a consequence of Sussmann’s sufficient condition S(θ), but we propose a new proof, designed to prepare an easier transfer to PDEs. This proof relies on a representation formula of the state inspired by the Magnus formula. By adapting it, we prove a new STLC result for the bilinear Schrödinger PDE.
Kommentar zu den neuen „Lebensmittelbezogenen Ernährungsempfehlungen
für Deutschland“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährung (DGE)
Authors: Gonder Ulrike , von Bibra Helene , Cramer Thorsten , Kaemmerer Ulrike 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungIn den neuen lebensmittelbezogenen Empfehlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für
Ernährung (DGE) für gesunde Erwachsene vom März 2024 sollten durch ein
mathematisches Optimierungsmodell drei Ziele kombiniert erreicht werden: 1.
Minimierung der Abweichungen vom üblichen Verzehr (40% Gewichtung), 2.
Minimierung der Umweltlast (30% Gewichtung) und 3. Minimierung der
Krankheitslast bei gleichzeitiger Deckung der Nährstoffzufuhr (30% Gewichtung).
Methodische Kritik betrifft die nicht evidenzbasierte niedrige Gewichtung
gesundheitsbezogener Aspekte des angewendeten Computermodells für nationale
Ernährungsempfehlungen. Im Einzelnen werden die aktuellen mit den letzten
Empfehlungen der DGE verglichen, mit den Daten der Nationalen Verzehrstudie II
(NVS II), mit aktuellem Konsum sowie mit der Planetary Health Diet (PHD). Vor
allem aufgrund der ohne Evidenz sehr ungünstig veränderten Anteile von Eiweiß
und Fett (deutlich reduziert) sowie Kohlenhydraten (deutlich gesteigert) ist die
Begründbarkeit etlicher Einzelempfehlungen fragwürdig. In Übereinstimmung mit
der Deutschen Akademie für Präventivmedizin (DAPM) urteilen die Autor*innen,
dass eine nationale Ernährungsgesellschaft wie die DGE in erster Linie die
Gesunderhaltung durch Ernährung im Fokus haben sollte, gerade wegen der
mehrheitlich mit Risiken belasteten Menschen in Deutschland. Es besteht daher
dringender Handlungsbedarf, die Ernährungsempfehlungen anhand evidenzbasierter
und aktueller Studienergebnisse zu überarbeiten.