bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dosimetric assessment of patient‐specific breath‐hold reproducibility on liver motion for SBRT planning
Authors: Lu Lan , Ouyang Zi , Lin Sara , Mastroianni Anthony , Stephans Kevin L. , Xia Ping 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the impact of breath‐hold reproducibility on liver motion using a respiratory motion management device.MethodsForty‐four patients with hepatic tumors, treated with SBRT with breath‐hold, were randomly selected for this study. All patients underwent three consecutive computed tomography (CT) scans using active breath‐hold coordinator (ABC) with three repeated single breath‐hold during simulation. The three CT scans were labeled as ABC1‐CT, ABC2‐CT, and ABC3‐CT. Displacements of centroids of the entire livers among the three ABC‐CTs were measured as a surrogate for intrafractional motion. For each patient, two different treatment plans were prepared: (a) a clinical plan using a 5‐mm expansion of an ITV that encompassed all three GTVs from each of the three ABC‐CTs, and (b) a research plan using a 5‐mm expansion of the GTV from only ABC1‐CT to create PTV. The clinical plan acceptance criteria were that 95% of the PTV and 99% of the GTV received 100% of the prescription dose. Dosimetric endpoints were analyzed and compared for the two plans.ResultsAll shifts in the medial‐lateral direction (range: −3.9 to 2.0 mm) were within 5 mm while 7% of shifts in the anterior–posterior direction (range: −10.5 to 16.7 mm) and 11% of shifts in the superior–inferior direction (range: −17.0 to 8.7 mm) exceeded 5 mm. Six patients (14%) had an intrafraction motion greater than 5 mm in any direction. For these six patients, if a plan was created based on a PTV from a single CT (ex. ABC1‐CT), 5 of 12 GTVs captured from other ABC‐CTs would fail to meet the clinical acceptance criteria due to poor breath‐hold reproducibility.ConclusionsNon‐negligible intrafractional motion occurs in patients with poor breath‐hold reproducibility. To identify this subgroup of patients, acquiring three CTs with active breath‐hold during simulation is a feasible practical method.
Effectiveness of Hip Arthroscopy on Treatment of Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Casartelli Nicola C. , Valenzuela Pedro L. , Maffiuletti Nicola A. , Leunig Michael 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveTo appraise the highest available evidence provided by randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effectiveness of hip arthroscopy versus physical therapy in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS).MethodsFour databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus) were systematically searched until October 1, 2019. Eligible studies were RCTs in which patients with FAIS underwent hip arthroscopy or physical therapy. The study outcome was the International Hip Outcome Tool, 33 Items (iHOT‐33) score, a measure of hip pain, function, and quality of life, assessed at baseline and at the follow‐up closer to 12 months after randomization. The pooled mean difference in iHOT‐33 scores within and between the treatment arms was computed using a random effects model. The minimum clinically important difference in the iHOT‐33 scores was set at 10 points.ResultsThree RCTs evaluating iHOT‐33 scores between 6 and 8 months after the interventions were included. Significant increases in iHOT‐33 scores were observed from baseline to follow‐up for both hip arthroscopy (22.3 points [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 17.3–27.4]) and physical therapy (13.0 points [95% CI 9.5–16.4]). Hip arthroscopy demonstrated significantly higher iHOT‐33 scores at follow‐up compared with physical therapy (10.9 points [95% CI 4.7–17.0]).ConclusionBoth hip arthroscopy and physical therapy resulted in statistically and clinically significant short‐term improvements in hip pain, function, and quality of life in patients with FAIS. Hip arthroscopy was statistically superior to physical therapy in improving the outcome at follow‐up even if improvement may not be detected by patients.
Improving transient performance of discrete‐time model reference adaptive control architectures
Authors: Dogan K. Merve , Yucelen Tansel , Haddad Wassim M. , Muse Jonathan A. 
Published: April 2020

SummaryDiscrete‐time adaptive control algorithms can be executed directly in embedded code unlike their continuous‐time counterparts, which require discretization. However, their designs predicated on quadratic Lyapunov‐based frameworks are quite intricate due to the resulting complexity in the Lyapunov difference expressions. Therefore, a wide array of available continuous‐time results addressing transient performance issues using adaptive control algorithms cannot be applied or readily extended to the discrete‐time case. In this article, we present a new model reference adaptive control architecture for discrete‐time uncertain dynamical systems. Specifically, the proposed architecture consists of a command governor mechanism that adjusts the trajectory of a given command during the closed‐loop transient response. It is shown that this mechanism is effective in improving transient performance of discrete‐time model reference adaptive control architectures. Using a logarithmic Lyapunov function, we prove Lyapunov stability of the closed‐loop system as well as asymptotic convergence of the system error states involving the difference between the states of the uncertain dynamical system and the states of the reference model, as well as driving the command governor signal to zero.
A Patch of Detachable Hybrid Microneedle Depot for Localized Delivery of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Regeneration Therapy
Authors: Lee KangJu , Xue Yumeng , Lee Junmin , Kim Han‐Jun , Liu Yaowen , Tebon Peyton , Sarikhani Einollah , Sun Wujin , Zhang Shiming , Haghniaz Reihaneh , Çelebi‐Saltik Betül , Zhou Xingwu , Ostrovidov Serge , Ahadian Samad , Ashammakhi Nureddin , Dokmeci Mehmet R. , Khademhosseini Ali 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used for regenerative therapy. In most current clinical applications, MSCs are delivered by injection but face significant issues with cell viability and penetration into the target tissue due to a limited migration capacity. Some therapies have attempted to improve MSC stability by their encapsulation within biomaterials; however, these treatments still require an enormous number of cells to achieve therapeutic efficacy due to low efficiency. Additionally, while local injection allows for targeted delivery, injections with conventional syringes are highly invasive. Due to the challenges associated with stem cell delivery, a local and minimally invasive approach with high efficiency and improved cell viability is highly desired. In this study, a detachable hybrid microneedle depot (d‐HMND) for cell delivery is presented. The system consists of an array of microneedles with an outer poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid shell and an internal gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)‐MSC mixture (GMM). The GMM is characterized and optimized for cell viability and mechanical strength of the d‐HMND required to penetrate mouse skin tissue is also determined. MSC viability and function within the d‐HMND is characterized in vitro and the regenerative efficacy of the d‐HMND is demonstrated in vivo using a mouse skin wound model.
Engineered Biomaterials for Enhanced Function of Insulin‐Secreting β‐Cell Organoids
Authors: Hunckler Michael D. , García Andrés J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractInsulin‐secreting β‐cell organoids comprise many types of cells, including primary islets, pseudoislets, immortalized cell lines, and stem cell‐derived aggregates. Successful maintenance and long‐term culture of these β‐cell organoids are critical for many translational applications, such as patient‐specific disease modeling, drug screening, understanding β‐cell physiology, and cell‐based therapies to treat diabetes. Due to the mechanical and chemical insult to islets during isolation, islet viability and function are decreased. Partial restoration of the islet microenvironment through engineered biomaterials can improve islet survival and function in in vitro culture and in vivo transplantation. Natural and synthetic biomaterials can be engineered to improve the function of β‐cell organoids and promote maturation of stem cell‐derived β‐cell organoids. Improved function and maturation of β‐cell organoids will likely lead to improved transplant outcomes, but will also enable better models for physiology, disease modeling, and toxicology studies for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The goal of this review is to highlight the diverse array of biomaterials used to enhance the in vitro and in vivo function and maturation of β‐cell organoids.
Scanner‐Based Capillary Stamping
Authors: Hou Peilong , Kumar Ravi , Oberleiter Bastian , Kohns Richard , Enke Dirk , Beginn Uwe , Fuchs Harald , Hirtz Michael , Steinhart Martin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractClassical microcontact printing and polymer pen lithography (PPL) involve ink transfer to substrates using solid elastomeric stamps. Ink depletion thus limits the number of successive stamping steps without reinking. Porous stamps developed to overcome this limitation are used only for manual proof‐of‐principle experiments. Here, porous composite stamps for scanner‐based capillary stamping (SCS) that can be mounted on automated printing devices designed for PPL are developed. Porous SCS composite stamps consist of a rigid controlled porous silica glass (CPG) layer and a porous polymeric stamping layer. The latter can be topographically structured with contact elements by replication molding. The mechanical stabilization by the CPG layer ensures that the contact elements are coplanar. SCS allows automated, continuous, high‐throughput patterning enabled by ink supply through the porous SCS composite stamps. Even after more than 800 consecutive stamp–substrate contacts without reinking (the porous SCS composite stamps themselves are used as ink reservoirs), ink microdroplets are deposited without deterioration of the pattern quality. However, SCS also allows supply of additional ink during ongoing stamping operations through the pore systems of the porous SCS composite stamps. SCS can easily be adapted for multi‐ink patterning and may pave the way for further upscaling of contact lithography.
Low‐Dimensional Contact Layers for Enhanced Perovskite Photodiodes
Authors: Luo Deying , Zou Taoyu , Yang Wengqiang , Xiang Beng , Yang Xiaoyu , Wang Ya , Su Rui , Zhao Lichen , Zhu Rui , Zhou Hang , Russell Thomas P. , Yu Hongyu , Lu Zheng‐Hong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractControlling defects and energy‐band alignments are of paramount importance to the development of high‐performance perovskite‐based photodiodes. Yet, concurrent improvements in interfacial contacts and defect reduction simply by tailoring bottom contacts have not been investigated. An effective strategy is reported that can simultaneously improve energy‐band alignments and structural defects by introducing low‐dimensional contact (LDC) layers at the bottom interface. It is found that LDC‐based perovskites considerably suppress undesirable structural defects induced by microstrains, resulting in reduced nonradiative recombination centers and improved carrier lifetimes. Additionally, the resulting LDC‐based interface structures help block minority carrier injection from the electrodes by forming built‐in electric fields. As a consequence, LDC‐based perovskite photodiodes showed improved light detection capabilities. The result opens an avenue to yield highly efficient photodiodes.
Electric Conductivity on Aligned Nanofibers Facilitates the Transdifferentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Schwann Cells and Regeneration of Injured Peripheral Nerve
Authors: Hu Xiaofang , Wang Xianghai , Xu Yizhou , Li Lixia , Liu Jingmin , He Yutong , Zou Ying , Yu Lei , Qiu Xiaozhong , Guo Jiasong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSchwann cells (SCs) are the most promising seed cells for peripheral nerve tissue engineering, but clinical applications are limited by the lack of cell sources. Existing data demonstrate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can be induced to differentiate into Schwann‐like cells and aligned nanofibers can enhance the differentiation. Considering that SCs are living along with the electrical conductive axons, it is hypothesized that conductivity properties may play roles in SCs differentiation and then facilitate nerve regeneration. To verify this hypothesis, amine functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are incorporated with polycaprolactone and gelatin to fabricate aligned or random conductive nanofibers by electrospinning. Current data demonstrate that MWCNTs can dramatically increase the electrical conductive properties but do not alter the biocompatibility of the nanofibers. It is found that endowing conductive properties into the aligned nanofibers can significantly enhance their capability to promote the SCs differentiation. Furthermore, the aligned and conductive nanofibers with induced BMSCs can dramatically promote peripheral axonal regeneration. Collectively, the present study demonstrates that the conductive properties in the aligned nanofiber plays significant roles in SCs differentiation and the aligned and conductive nanofibers can be used as a promising scaffold for SCs differentiation and peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
Microskin‐Inspired Injectable MSC‐Laden Hydrogels for Scarless Wound Healing with Hair Follicles
Authors: Zheng Xin , Ding Zhaozhao , Cheng Weinan , Lu Qiang , Kong Xiangdong , Zhou Xiaozhong , Lu Guozhong , Kaplan David L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractScarless skin regeneration with functional tissue remains a challenge for full‐thickness wounds. Here, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)‐laden hydrogels are developed for scarless wound healing with hair follicles. Microgels composed of aligned silk nanofibers are used to load MSCs to modulate the paracrine. MSC‐laden microgels are dispersed into injectable silk nanofiber hydrogels, forming composites biomaterials containing the cells. The injectable hydrogels protect and stabilize the MSCs in the wounds. The synergistic action of silk‐based composite hydrogels and MSCs stimulated angiogenesis and M1‐M2 phenotype switching of macrophages, provides a suitable niche for functional recovery of wounds. Compared to skin defects treated with MSC‐free hydrogels, the defects treated with the MSC‐laden composite hydrogels heal faster and form scarless tissues with hair follicles. Wound healing can be further improved by adjusting the ratio of silk nanofibers and particles and the loaded MSCs, suggesting tunability of the system. To the best of current knowledge, this is the first time scarless skin regeneration with hair follicles based on silk material systems is reported. The improved wound healing capacity of the systems suggests future in vivo studies to compare to other biomaterial systems related to clinical goals in skin regeneration in the absence of scarring.
Absorbable Thioether Grafted Hyaluronic Acid Nanofibrous Hydrogel for Synergistic Modulation of Inflammation Microenvironment to Accelerate Chronic Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Liu Sha , Zhang Qingfei , Yu Jie , Shao Nannan , Lu Hongtong , Guo Jinshan , Qiu Xuepeng , Zhou Dongfang , Huang Yubin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCurrent standard of care dressings are unsatisfactorily inefficacious for the treatment of chronic wounds. Chronic inflammation is the primary cause of the long‐term incurable nature of chronic wounds. Herein, an absorbable nanofibrous hydrogel is developed for synergistic modulation of the inflammation microenvironment to accelerate chronic diabetic wound healing. The electrospun thioether grafted hyaluronic acid nanofibers (FHHA‐S/Fe) are able to form a nanofibrous hydrogel in situ on the wound bed. This hydrogel degrades and is absorbed gradually within 3 days. The grafted thioethers on HHA can scavenge the reactive oxygen species quickly in the early inflammation phase to relieve the inflammation reactions. Additionally, the HHA itself is able to promote the transformation of the gathered M1 macrophages to the M2 phenotype, thus synergistically accelerating the wound healing phase transition from inflammation to proliferation and remodeling. On the chronic diabetic wound model, the average remaining wound area after FHHA‐S/Fe treatment is much smaller than both that of FHHA/Fe without grafted thioethers and the control group, especially in the early wound healing stage. Therefore, this facile dressing strategy with intrinsic dual modulation mechanisms of the wound inflammation microenvironment may act as an effective and safe treatment strategy for chronic wound management.
A Superlattice‐Stabilized Layered Oxide Cathode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Qi , Xu Sheng , Guo Shaohua , Jiang Kezhu , Li Xiang , Jia Min , Wang Peng , Zhou Haoshen 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries are in high demand for large‐scale energy storage applications. Although it is the most prevalent cathode, layered oxide is associated with significant undesirable characteristics, such as multiple plateaus in the charge−discharge profiles, and cation migration during repeated cycling of Na‐ions insertion and extraction, which results in sluggish kinetics, capacity loss, and structural deterioration. Here, a new strategy, i.e., the manipulation of transition‐metal ordering in layered oxides, is proposed to show a prolonged charge−discharge plateau and cation‐migration‐free structural evolution. The results demonstrate that the transition‐metal ordering with a honeycomb‐type superlattice can adjust the crystal lattice and suppress cation migration by modifying the crystal strain to realize a large reversible capacity and excellent cycling performance, which are not characteristics of the widely used common layered oxides. These findings can provide new insight that can be used to improve the design of high‐performance electrode materials for secondary‐ion batteries.
Polymerization‐Induced Wrinkled Surfaces with Controlled Topography as Slippery Surfaces for Colorado Potato Beetles
Authors: Bergmann Johannes B. , Moatsou Dafni , Surapaneni Venkata A. , Thielen Marc , Speck Thomas , Wilts Bodo D. , Steiner Ullrich 
Published: April 2020

AbstractControlling the interaction of insect populations with their host plants has recently received renewed attention in the light of pest control. One way to modify the interaction of insects with their host plants in a non‐chemical way is through influence of their de/attachment. Insect detachment has been observed for textured biological and structured artificial surfaces with morphologies ranging from nano‐ to micrometers (0.3–1.5 µm). Here, the formation of design surfaces is investigated through plasma‐induced polymerization of acrylates. This produces pronounced surface wrinkles that are tunable by the manufacturing process. For certain parameters, the wrinkles resemble those of the adaxial side of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) leaves, a natural example of particularly low friction. Traction force measurements on the bio‐inspired surfaces show significantly impacted insect attachment compared to flat surfaces of silica and polymeric materials, opening a pathway to the controlled manufacture of bio‐inspired slippery surfaces for insects that could potentially find use in advanced materials such as wall coatings.
Catalytic Polysulfide Conversion and Physiochemical Confinement for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Sun Zixu , Vijay Sudarshan , Heenen Hendrik H. , Eng Alex Yong Sheng , Tu Wenguang , Zhao Yunxing , Koh See Wee , Gao Pingqi , Seh Zhi Wei , Chan Karen , Li Hong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery is widely regarded as a promising energy storage device due to its low price and the high earth‐abundance of the materials employed. However, the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and sluggish redox conversion result in inefficient sulfur utilization, low power density, and rapid electrode deterioration. Herein, these challenges are addressed with two strategies 1) increasing LiPS conversion kinetics through catalysis, and 2) alleviating the shuttle effect by enhanced trapping and adsorption of LiPSs. These improvements are achieved by constructing double‐shelled hollow nanocages decorated with a cobalt nitride catalyst. The N‐doped hollow inner carbon shell not only serves as a physiochemical absorber for LiPSs, but also improves the electrical conductivity of the electrode; significantly suppressing shuttle effect. Cobalt nitride (Co4N) nanoparticles, embedded in nitrogen‐doped carbon in the outer shell, catalyze the conversion of LiPSs, leading to decreased polarization and fast kinetics during cycling. Theoretical study of the Li intercalation energetics confirms the improved catalytic activity of the Co4N compared to metallic Co catalyst. Altogether, the electrode shows large reversible capacity (1242 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C), robust stability (capacity retention of 658 mAh g−1 at 5 C after 400 cycles), and superior cycling stability at high sulfur loading (4.5 mg cm−2).
Eravacycline for the treatment of complicated intra‐abdominal infections
Authors: Wang Hongmei , Nguyen Namphi , Cruz Christopher 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEravacycline is a novel fluorocycline antibiotic in the tetracycline class, with activities against multidrugresistant organisms, extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase‐producing (ESBL) bacteria, and carbapenem‐resistant Enterobacteriaceae. The approval of eravacycline by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of complicated intra‐abdominal infection (cIAIs) was based on the success of two‐Phase III clinical trials: IGNITE 1 and IGNITE 4. Two other Phase III trials, IGNITE 2 and IGNITE 3, have been conducted to assess efficacy and safety of eravacycline vs levofloxacin and ertapenem, respectively, for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infection, however, did not prove eravacycline's non‐inferiority. Therefore, eravacycline is approved for the treatment of cIAIs caused by gram‐positive organisms, gram‐negative organisms, and anaerobic pathogens in hospitalized patients aged 18 or older. Eravacycline has become a valuable medication to clinicians due to its unique coverage. Eravacycline is a great alternative in replacing carbapenems for patients with beta‐lactam allergy due to its ESBL coverage. In addition, eravacycline covers atypical organisms and Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus, which carbapenems cannot. This article is a review of eravacycline's pharmacology, efficacy, safety profile, and potential clinical application.
Compound grips in tufted capuchin monkeys (Sapajusspp andSapajus libidinosus)
Authors: Jones Caroline E. , Fragaszy Dorothy M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAn experimental study with captive individuals and study of video recordings of wild monkeys explored whether and how tufted capuchin monkeys use onehand to hold one or more objects with multiple grips (compound grips). A task designed to elicit compound grip was presented to five captive tufted capuchin monkeys (Sapajusspp). The monkeys held one to four balls in onehand and dropped the balls individually into a vertical tube. Multiple simple grips and independent digit movements enabled separate control of multiple objects in one hand. Monkeys always supported the wrist on the horizontal edge of the tube before releasing the ball. Increasing the number of balls decreased the likelihood that the monkeys managed the task. Wild bearded capuchins (Sapajus libidinosus) used compound grips spontaneously to store multiple food items. Compound grips have been described in macaques, gorillas, chimpanzees, and humans, and now in a New World primate. We predict that any primate species that exhibits precision grips and independent digit movement can perform compound grips. Our findings suggest many aspects of compound grip that await investigation.