bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of cobalt nanowire and graphene nanoplatelet on microwave shielding behavior of natural rubber composite in high frequency bands
Authors: Amutha Jeevakumari S. A. , Indhumathi K. , Arun Prakash V. R 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHighly flexible microwave shielding E (2‐3 GHz), F (3‐4 GHz), I (8‐12 GHz) and J (12‐16 GHz) natural rubber composites for antenna application were prepared and characterized. The main objective of this current research is to develop a flexible microwave shielding material to reduce electromagnetic inference (EMI) effect. Graphene nanoplatelet and cobalt nanowire was selected for improving electric and magnetic losses. The flexible rubber composite was prepared using two‐roll mill process and cured at an temperature of 150οC. The mechanical, dielectric, magnetic, and microwave shielding properties were tested in accordance to ASTM standards. Highest tensile strength of 30 MPa was obtained for composite made of 6phr (parts per hundred rubber) of graphene nanoplatelet and cobalt nanowire (NR4). Dielectric results show that the composite consists of graphene nanoplatelet and cobalt nanowire of 6phr gives highest dielectric constant of 7.2. The hysteresis analysis shows a highest magnetization of 940 emu, remanence of 610 emu and coercivity of 2750G for NR4 composite. Similarly, the maximum microwave attenuation of 38.1 dB at 18 GHz (J band) was achieved in NR4 composite. This high microwave shielding flexible composite material could be used as EMI filter and electromagnetic absorber in antennae applications where EMI need to be lesser.
Screening and semi‐quantitative determination of pentacyclic triterpenoids in plants by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry in precursor ion scan mode
Authors: Falev Danil I. , Ul'yanovskii Nikolay V. , Ovchinnikov Denis V. , Faleva Anna V. , Kosyakov Dmitry S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionPentacyclic triterpenoids (PCTs) are secondary plant metabolites. They are of exceptional interest as biologically active substances and raw materials for a wide range of medications. Thus, the development of a methodology for rapid screening of PCTs in plant biomass is an important task.ObjectiveThe goal of this work was to develop an approach for simultaneous screening and semi‐quantitative determination of PCTs in plant tissues by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry with a precursor ion scan (PrecIS).Materials and methodsPressurised liquid extraction (PLE) with methanol was used for the isolation of PCTs from plant biomass. Screening and semi‐quantitative determination of PCTs in the obtained extracts were carried out by reversed phase high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry in a PrecIS mode.ResultsThe product ion at m/z 95 with collision energy of 40 V was used as a diagnostic ion to identify PCTs by the PrecIS mode. In plant materials, 26 PCTs and their derivatives, such as PCTs esters and glycosides, were detected and identified. Calculation of the relative response factor for nine available PCTs showed that using a betulin calibration curve allows us to estimate the semi‐quantitative content of PCTs and their derivatives in plant PLE extracts.ConclusionThe developed approach can be applied for simultaneous untargeted screening and semi‐quantitative determination of PCTs and their derivatives in various plants at sub‐parts per million levels.
The mediating role of teacher self‐efficacy in the relation between teacher–child race mismatch and conflict
Authors: Kunemund Rachel L. , Nemer McCullough Shannon , Williams Chelsea D. , Miller Chantelle C. , Sutherland Kevin S. , Conroy Maureen A. , Granger Kristen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe far‐reaching impacts of the teacher–child relationship, including academic achievement and social/behavioral adjustment, have been well‐documented. At the same time, literature also suggests that teacher perceptions of teacher–child relationships are impacted by the race/ethnicity match or mismatch between teacher and child, with matching related to more positive teacher perceptions. However, limited work has focused on children who are at‐risk for emotional and behavioral disorders (EBDs) or tested the mechanisms that mediate the relation between a mismatch in the race and teacher‐perceived conflict. Thus, the current study used multilevel structural equation modeling to test whether a higher proportion of race mismatch between children in the classroom with problem behavior and teachers was related to teachers' classroom management self‐efficacy and, in turn, teacher‐perceived conflict with children among 148 teachers and 354 preschool‐aged children. Results indicated that among students most at‐risk for EBDs, a higher proportion of race mismatch between teachers and children significantly predicted less teacher classroom management self‐efficacy and, in turn, significantly predicted teachers' greater perceived conflict with children. Furthermore, this mediation pathway was significant. Findings highlight the importance of teacher training and support that focused on increasing self‐efficacy to improve relationships between teachers and children.
A deeper computational look at Mumm rearrangement: Evaluation of substituent, solvent, and temperature effects
Authors: Rouhani Morteza 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe effect of substitution, solvent, and temperature on Mumm rearrangement has been investigated using density functional theory (DFT). A potential energy surface (PES) profiles of transition state (TS) is demonstrated to illustrate the alteration of ΔG‡ of Mumm rearrangements for various substitutions. The possible reasons have been studied for the impressive conditions needed for Mumm rearrangement.
Risk and associated factors of depression and anxiety in men with prostate cancer: Results from a German multicenter study
Authors: Esser Peter , Mehnert‐Theuerkauf Anja , Friedrich Michael , Johansen Christoffer , Brähler Elmar , Faller Hermann , Härter Martin , Koch Uwe , Schulz Holger , Wegscheider Karl , Weis Joachim , Kuba Katharina , Hinz Andreas , Hartung Tim 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveIn order to optimize psycho‐oncological care, studies that quantify the extent of distress and identify certain risk groups are needed. Among patients with prostate cancer (PCa), findings on depression and anxiety are limited.MethodsWe analyzed data of PCa patients selected from a German multi‐center study. Depression and anxiety were assessed with the PHQ‐9 and the GAD‐7 (cut‐off ≥7). We provided physical symptom burden, calculated absolute and relative risk (AR and RR) of depression and anxiety across patient subsets and between patients and the general population (GP) and tested age as a moderator within the relationship of disease‐specific symptoms with depression and anxiety.ResultsAmong 636 participants, the majority reported disease‐specific problems (sexuality: 60%; urination: 52%). AR for depression and anxiety was 23% and 22%, respectively. Significant RR were small, with higher risks of distress in patients who are younger (eg, RRdepression = 1.15; 95%‐CI: 1.06‐1.26), treated with chemotherapy (RRdepression = 1.46; 95%‐CI: 1.09‐1.96) or having metastases (RRdepression = 1.30; 95%‐CI: 1.02‐1.65). Risk of distress was slightly elevated compared to GP (eg, RRdepression = 1.13; 95%‐CI: 1.07‐1.19). Age moderated the relationship between symptoms and anxiety (Burination = −0.10, P = .02; Bsexuality = −0.11, P = .01).ConclusionsYounger patients, those with metastases or treatment with chemotherapy seem to be at elevated risk for distress and should be closely monitored. Many patients suffer from disease‐specific symptom burden, by which younger patients seem to be particularly distressed. Support of coping mechanisms associated with disease‐specific symptom burden seems warranted.
Differential impact of paired patient‐derived BPH and normal adjacent stromal cells on benign prostatic epithelial cell growth in 3D culture
Authors: Chen Wei , Pascal Laura E. , Wang Ke , Dhir Rajiv , Sims Alexa M. , Campbell Robert , Gasper Gwenyth , DeFranco Donald B. , Yoshimura Naoki , Wang Zhou 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an age‐related disease characterized by nonmalignant abnormal growth of the prostate, which is also frequently associated with lower urinary tract symptoms. The prostate with BPH exhibits enhanced growth not only in the epithelium but also in the stroma, and stromal‐epithelial interactions are thought to play an important role in BPH pathogenesis. However, our understanding of the mechanisms of stromal‐epithelial interactions in the development and progression of BPH is very limited.MethodsMatched pairs of glandular BPH and normal adjacent prostate specimens were obtained from BPH patients undergoing simple prostatectomy for symptomatic BPH. Tissues were divided further into fresh specimens for culture of primary prostatic stromal cells, and specimens were embedded in paraffin for immunohistochemical analyses. Proliferation assays, immunohistochemistry, and immunoblotting were used to characterize the primary prostate stromal cells and tissue sections. Coculture of the primary stromal cells with benign human prostate epithelial cell lines BHPrE1 or BPH‐1 was performed in three‐dimensional (3D) Matrigel to determine the impact of primary stromal cells derived from BPH on epithelial proliferation. The effect of stromal‐conditioned medium (CM) on BHPrE1 and BPH‐1 cell growth was tested in 3D Matrigel as well.ResultsBPH stromal cells expressed less smooth muscle actin and calponin and increased vimentin, exhibiting a more fibroblast and myofibroblast phenotype compared with normal adjacent stromal cells both in culture and in corresponding paraffin sections. Epithelial spheroids formed in 3D cocultures with primary BPH stromal cells were larger than those formed in coculture with primary normal stromal cells. Furthermore, CM from BPH stromal cells stimulated epithelial cell growth while CM from normal primary stromal cells did not in 3D culture.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the stromal cells in BPH tissues are different from normal adjacent stromal cells and could promote epithelial cell proliferation, potentially contributing to the development and progression of BPH.
Three point‐mutations in cytochrome b confer resistance to trifloxystrobin in Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Miao Jianqiang , Zhao Guosen , Wang Bin , Du Yixin , Li Zhiwen , Gao Xuheng , Zhang Can , Liu Xili 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDRice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is the most devastating disease in rice. Recently, trifloxystrobin was registered for the control of M. oryzae in China. The resistance profile and mechanism of M. oryzae to trifloxystrobin were investigated in the present study, providing important data for the recommended use of trifloxystrobin.RESULTSThe baseline sensitivity was established at a half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of 0.024 μg mL−1. Nine stable trifloxystrobin‐resistant mutants were generated with EC50 values ranging from 12.75 to 171.49 μg mL−1. The mutants exhibited strong adaptive traits in sporulation, conidial germination, and pathogenicity. Positive cross‐resistance was only observed between trifloxystrobin and azoxystrobin, but not between trifloxystrobin and carbendazim, isoprothiolane, prochloraz, or chlorothalonil. The point mutation G143S in cytochrome b (cyt b) protein was found in eight high‐resistance mutants with resistant factor ranging from 2295.16 to 13 200.00; and the double mutation G137R/M296V only occurred in Mg117‐1 with resistance factor ≈ 900. The G143S mutation weakened hydrogen bond interactions, and G137R/M296V changed the conformation of trifloxystrobin in the cyt b binding pocket. A molecular detection method was established for the rapid detection of G143S mutants in M. oryzae.CONCLUSIONThe resistance risk of M. oryzae to trifloxystrobin could be moderate to high. Two genotypes with three point‐mutations G143S, G137R, and M296V conferred resistance to trifloxystrobin in M. oryzae. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Robustness analysis of nonlinear observers for the slow variables of singularly perturbed systems
Authors: Cuevas Luis , Nešić Dragan , Manzie Chris 
Published: July 2020

SummaryEstimation of unmeasured variables is a crucial objective in a broad range of applications. However, the estimation process turns into a challenging problem when the underlying model is nonlinear and even more so when additionally it exhibits multiple time scales. The existing results on estimation for systems with two time scales apply to a limited class of nonlinear plants and observers. We focus on analyzing nonlinear observers designed for the slow state variables of nonlinear singularly perturbed systems. Moreover, we consider the presence of bounded measurement noise in the system. We generalize current results by considering broader classes of plants and estimators to cover reduced‐order, full‐order, and higher‐order observers. First, we show that the singularly perturbed system has bounded solutions under an appropriate set of assumptions on the corresponding boundary layer and reduced systems. We then exploit this property to prove that, under reasonable assumptions, the error dynamics of the observer designed for the reduced system are semiglobally input‐to‐state practically stable when the observer is implemented on the original plant. We also conclude stability results when the measurement noise belongs to . In the absence of measurement noise, we state results on semiglobal practical asymptotical stability for the error dynamics. We illustrate the generality of our main results through three classes of systems with corresponding observers and one numerical example.
Unveiling Pseudocapacitive Charge Storage Behavior in FeWO4 Electrode Material by Operando X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Goubard‐Bretesché Nicolas , Crosnier Olivier , Douard Camille , Iadecola Antonella , Retoux Richard , Payen Christophe , Doublet Marie‐Liesse , Kisu Kazuaki , Iwama Etsuro , Naoi Katsuhiko , Favier Frédéric , Brousse Thierry 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn nanosized FeWO4 electrode material, both Fe and W metal cations are suspected to be involved in the fast and reversible Faradaic surface reactions giving rise to its pseudocapacitive signature. In order to fully understand the charge storage mechanism, a deeper insight into the involvement of the electroactive cations still has to be provided. The present paper illustrates how operando X‐ray absorption spectroscopy is successfully used to collect data of unprecedented quality allowing to elucidate the complex electrochemical behavior of this multicationic pseudocapacitive material. Moreover, these in‐depth experiments are obtained in real time upon cycling the electrode, which allows investigating the reactions occurring in the material within a realistic timescale, which is compatible with electrochemical capacitors practical operation. Both Fe K‐edge and W L3‐edge measurements point out the involvement of the Fe3+/Fe2+ redox couple in the charge storage while W6+ acts as a spectator cation. The result of this study enables to unambiguously discriminate between the Faradaic and capacitive behavior of FeWO4. Beside these valuable insights toward the full description of the charge storage mechanism in FeWO4, this paper demonstrates the potential of operando X‐ray absorption spectroscopy to enable a better material engineering for new high capacitance pseudocapacitive materials.
Overview of Ionogels in Flexible Electronics
Authors: Zhang Lu , Jiang Dawei , Dong Tianhe , Das Rajib , Pan Duo , Sun Caiying , Wu Zijian , Zhang Qingbo , Liu Chuntai , Guo Zhanhu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIonogels have aroused wide interests in the field of flexible electronics. The combination of solid‐state networks and ionic liquids opens up thousands of possibilities for ionogels. The unique structures of ionogels endow them excellent mechanical properties, conductivity and thermal stability to approach the challenge of flexible electronic. A large number of new ionogels have been developed by different methods including the exchange of solution, polymeric ionic liquid and in‐situ reactions in ionic liquids (gelation of low molecular weight gelators, self‐assembly of block polymers, formation of double‐network structure, ionogel nanocomposites and direct polymerization of polymerizable monomers). The aim of this review is to discuss different preparation methods of ionogels and the comparison of their advantages.
Water and mental health
Authors: Wutich Amber , Brewis Alexandra , Tsai Alexander 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThere is a well‐established connection among water quality, sanitation, and physical health. The potentially important relationship between water and mental health is considerably less studied. Reviewing evidence from ethnography, geography, folklore, indigenous studies, rural medicine, drought research, and large‐n statistical studies, we argue there is now good theoretical rationale and growing evidence of water insecurity as a possible driver of mental ill‐health. Furthermore, some nascent evidence suggests that emotionally meaningful interactions with water might improve mental health outcomes. Leveraging these literatures, we address the many ways in which mental health outcomes are conceptualized and operationalized in water research, including as emotional distress, perceived stress, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, somatic symptoms, and quality of life. We outline arguments supporting seven possible (and likely interlocking) mechanisms that could explain such a relationship: (a) material deprivation and related uncertainty, (b) shame of social failure, (c) worry about health threats, (d) loss of connections to people and places, (e) frustration around opportunity losses and restricted autonomy, (f) interpersonal conflict and intimate partner violence, and (g) institutional injustice or unfairness. However, we explain that as most existing studies are ethnographic, qualitative, or cross‐sectional, a causal relationship between water and mental ill‐health is yet to be confirmed empirically. More research on this topic is needed, particularly given that poorly understood connections may create barriers to achieving Sustainable Development Goals 3 (health) and 6 (water). We further suggest that tracking mental health indicators may provide unique and as‐yet underappreciated insights into the efficacy of water projects and other development interventions.This article is categorized under:Engineering Water > Water, Health, and SanitationHuman Water > Water as Imagined and Represented
Understanding the Social Care Crisis in England Through Older People’s Lived Experiences
Authors: Ward Lizzie , Ray Mo , Tanner Denise 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHow is knowledge about care produced? The ‘epistemological dimension’ of care is recognised in the concept of ‘responsiveness’ in which attention to the care-receiver’s experience informs the care process at the micro level. What counts as ‘knowledge’ about care in political processes is also highly significant yet a further dimension of exclusion from participation operates here. Most knowledge about care is produced without the inclusion of care-receivers and without regard to their lived experiences of care. This chapter explores this using empirical research that was co-produced with older people about lived experiences of care within the English social care system. Within the current neoliberal context, measurement-based knowledge is more highly valued and recognised. The lived experiences of care under neoliberalism directly challenge the assumptions underpinning the consumer choice rationale of the marketisation of care. The authors argue that building knowledge based on the lived experiences of care with those who have direct experience is necessary for ‘caring democracy’. The chapter is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.
Contour integrals and the modular $$ \mathcal{S} $$-matrix
Authors: Mukhi Sunil , Poddar Rahul , Singh Palash 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We investigate a conjecture to describe the characters of large families of RCFT’s in terms of contour integrals of Feigin-Fuchs type. We provide a simple algorithm to determine the modular $$ \mathcal{S} $$
S
-matrix for arbitrary numbers of characters as a sum over paths. Thereafter we focus on the case of 2, 3 and 4 characters, where agreement between the critical exponents of the integrals and the characters implies that the conjecture is true. In these cases, we compute the modular S-matrix explicitly, verify that it agrees with expectations for known theories, and use it to compute degeneracies and multiplicities of primaries. We verify that our algorithm reproduces the correct $$ \mathcal{S} $$
S
-matrix for SU (2)k for all k ≤ 18 which provides additional evidence for the original conjecture. On the way we note that the Verlinde formula provides interesting constraints on the critical exponents of RCFT in this context.
On the interplay between astrophysical and laboratory probes of MeV-scale axion-like particles
Authors: Ertas Fatih , Kahlhoefer Felix 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Studies of axion-like particles (ALPs) commonly focus on a single type of interaction, for example couplings only to photons. Most ALP models however predict correlations between different couplings, which change the phenomenology in important ways. For example, an MeV-scale ALP coupled to Standard Model gauge bosons at high energies will in general interact with photons, W± and Z bosons as well as mesons and nucleons at low energies. We study the implications of such scenarios and point out that astrophysical constraints, in particular from SN1987A, may be substantially relaxed, open- ing up new regions of parameter space that may be explored with laboratory experiments such as NA62.
Asymptotic growth of the 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 index and partially deconfined phases
Authors: Ardehali Arash Arabi , Hong Junho , Liu James T. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We study the Cardy-like asymptotics of the 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 index and demonstrate the existence of partially deconfined phases where the asymptotic growth of the index is not as rapid as in the fully deconfined case. We then take the large-N limit after the Cardy-like limit and make a conjecture for the leading asymptotics of the index. While the Cardy-like behavior is derived using the integral representation of the index, we demonstrate how the same results can be obtained using the Bethe ansatz type approach as well. In doing so, we discover new non-standard solutions to the elliptic Bethe ansatz equations including continuous families of solutions for SU(N ) theory with N ≥ 3. We argue that the existence of both standard and continuous non-standard solutions has a natural interpretation in terms of vacua of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1∗ theory on ℝ3× S1.