bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A reliable and competitive mathematical analysis of Ebola epidemic model
Authors: Rafiq Muhammad , Ahmad Waheed , Abbas Mujahid , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to discuss the dynamics of the spread of Ebola virus disease (EVD), a kind of fever commonly known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever. It is rare but severe and is considered to be extremely dangerous. Ebola virus transmits to people through domestic and wild animals, called transmitting agents, and then spreads into the human population through close and direct contact among individuals. To study the dynamics and to illustrate the stability pattern of Ebola virus in human population, we have developed an SEIR type model consisting of coupled nonlinear differential equations. These equations provide a good tool to discuss the mode of impact of Ebola virus on the human population through domestic and wild animals. We first formulate the proposed model and obtain the value of threshold parameter$\mathcal{R}_{0}$R0for the model. We then determine both the disease-free equilibrium (DFE) and endemic equilibrium (EE) and discuss the stability of the model. We show that both the equilibrium states are locally asymptotically stable. Employing Lyapunov functions theory, global stabilities at both the levels are carried out. We use the Runge–Kutta method of order 4 (RK4) and a non-standard finite difference (NSFD) scheme for the susceptible–exposed–infected–recovered (SEIR) model. In contrast to RK4, which fails for large time step size, it is found that the NSFD scheme preserves the dynamics of the proposed model for any step size used. Numerical results along with the comparison, using different values of step sizeh, are provided.
Literature review on business prototypes for digital platform
Authors: Mishra Shrutika , Tripathi A. R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn today’s world, many digitally enabled start-ups are budding all over the globe because of the fast enhancement in digital technologies. For the establishment of new business, it is necessary to adopt a proper business model which needs to define the way in which the company will provide values and the ways in which the customers can pay for their services. This paper aims to study the various business models being used in today’s marketplace and to provide a better understanding for these business models by having an insight on the attributes.
Cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly linked to metabolic syndrome among physical fitness components: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Kim Bokun , Ku Minjae , Kiyoji Tanaka , Isobe Tomonori , Sakae Takeji , Oh Sechang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Maintaining a good level of physical fitness from engaging in regular exercise is important for the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, which components constitutive of physical fitness confer the greatest influence remains controversial. This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between MetS and physical fitness components including cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, flexibility, and agility and to identify which physical fitness components have the largest influence on MetS.

Methods
A total of 168 Japanese adult males aged 25–64 years were allocated into non-MetS, pre-MetS, and MetS groups according to the criteria recommended by the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine. Anthropometric measurement of body composition by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and measures related to MetS, including waist circumference, triglyceride level, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, blood pressure, glucose level, and physical fitness components, were assessed. For evaluation of cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, flexibility, agility, and balance, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2peak) and oxygen uptake at anaerobic threshold (VO2AnT), handgrip strength and vertical jumping, trunk extension and flexion, stepping side to side, and single-leg balance task with the eyes closed were assessed, respectively.

Results
A progressive tendency of increasing body weight, body mass index, whole-body lean and fat mass, percentage of whole-body fat mass, trunk lean and fat mass, percentage of trunk fat mass, arm fat mass, waist circumference, triglyceride level, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and blood glucose level from the non-MetS group to the MetS group was significant (P < 0.05). Conversely, the cardiorespiratory endurance parameters VO2peak and VO2AnT and the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level showed a progressively decreasing tendency across the groups (P < 0.01). In addition, a VO2peak below 29.84 ml·kg·min−1 (P = 0.028) and VO2AnT below 15.89 ml·kg·min−1 (P = 0.011) were significant risk components for pre-MetS and MetS. However, there was no significant tendency with respect to muscle strength, agility, and flexibility.

Conclusion
Cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly linked to metabolic syndrome among physical fitness components
Surveillance on schistosomiasis in five provincial-level administrative divisions of the People’s Republic of China in the post-elimination era
Authors: Guo Jing-Yi , Xu Jing , Zhang Li-Juan , Lv Shan , Cao Chun-Li , Li Shi-Zhu , Zhou Xiao-Nong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
The People’s Republic of China (P. R. China) has made significant progress on schistosomiasis control. Among the 12 provincial-level administrative divisions (PLADs) with schistosomiasis endemic in P. R. China, Guangdong, Shanghai, Fujian, Guangxi and Zhejiang PLADs (following as five PLADs) had successively eliminated schistosomiasis during 1985–1995. However, consolidation of the schistosomiasis elimination in these five PLADs remains challenging. In the current study, we sought to understand the epidemic situation in these post-elimination areas and their surveillance capabilities on schistosomiasis.

Methods
Annual data reflecting the interventions and surveillance on human beings, cattle and snails based on county level from 2005 to 2016 were collected through the national schistosomiasis reporting system and the data were analyzed to understand the epidemic status of schistosomiasis in the five PLADs. A standardized score sheet was designed to assess the surveillance capacity for schistosomiasis of selected disease control agencies in five PLADs and ten counties. Assessment on surveillance capacity including schistosomiasis diagnostic skills, identification of snails’ living and infection status and knowledge about schistosomiasis and its control were made. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the epidemic status and evaluation results on surveillance capacities.

Results
The assessments showed that no local cases in humans and cattle or infected snail were found in these five PLADs since 2005. However, from 2005 to 2016, a total of 221 imported cases were detected in Zhejiang, Shanghai and Fujian, and 11.98 hm2 of new snail habitats were found in Zhejiang, Shanghai and Guangxi. In addition, snail infestation reoccurred in 247.55 hm2 of former snail habitats since 2011. For the surveillance capacity assessment, the accuracy rate of IHA and MHT were 100 and 89.3%, respectively. All participants could judge the living status of snails accurately and 98.1% on the infection status of snails. The accuracy rate of the questionnaire survey was 98.0%.

Conclusions
Elimination of schistosomiasis was consolidated successfully in five PLADs of P. R. China due to effective and strong post-elimination surveillance. Comprehensive consolidation strategies should be focused on the elimination of residual snails and the prevention of imported infection sources to consolidate the achievements of schistosomiasis control.
Assessing pre-service teachers’ professional identity construction in a three-phase teacher education program in Iran
Authors: Haghighi Irani Fariba , Chalak Azizeh , Heidari Tabrizi Hossein 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe critical role of teachers suggests that assessing teacher identity construction helps teacher educators understand the changes in teachers and design materials in harmony with their needs in teacher education programs. However, only a few studies have focused on assessing pre-service teachers’ identity in the long term in Iran. To address this gap, the contribution of a pre-service teacher education program consisting of three phases, namely engage, study, and activate to the professional identity construction of eight pre-service teachers in an institute in Tehran was assessed. Pre-course and post-course interviews, two reflective essays, ten observation notes, and two teaching performances were gathered over a year and analyzed as guided by grounded theory and discourse analysis. Findings revealed two significant changes in the participants’ identities when they transitioned from engage to study and from study to activate phases that yielded study phase as the peak of the changes. Overall, three major shifts were identified in the participants’ identities: from a commitment to evaluation towards a commitment to modality, from one-dimensional to multi-dimensional perceptions, and from problem analysis to problem-solving skills. Current findings may facilitate teacher identity construction by designing local programs matching the needs of pre-service teachers. It may also assist teacher educators by assessing the quality of teachers’ performance and developing teacher assessment tools.
Development of a new model on utilizing online learning platforms to improve students’ academic achievements and satisfaction
Authors: Abuhassna Hassan , Al-Rahmi Waleed Mugahed , Yahya Noraffandy , Zakaria Megat Aman Zahiri Megat , Kosnin Azlina Bt. Mohd , Darwish Mohamad 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis research aims to explore and investigate potential factors influencing students’ academic achievements and satisfaction with using online learning platforms. This study was constructed based on Transactional Distance Theory (TDT) and Bloom’s Taxonomy Theory (BTT). This study was conducted on 243 students using online learning platforms in higher education. This research utilized a quantitative research method. The model of this research illustrates eleven factors on using online learning platforms to improve students’ academic achievements and satisfaction. The findings showed that the students’ background, experience, collaborations, interactions, and autonomy positively affected students’ satisfaction. Moreover, effects of the students’ application, remembering, understanding, analyzing, and satisfaction was positively aligned with students’ academic achievements. Consequently, the empirical findings present a strong support to the integrative association between TDT and BTT theories in relation to using online learning platforms to improve students’ academic achievements and satisfaction, which could help decision makers in universities and higher education and colleges to plan, evaluate, and implement online learning platforms in their institutions.
Relation between GSTP1 polymorphism and oxidative stress in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Elofey Shaimaa Gamal Hassan , Shafik Nevine F. , Radwan Noha Hassan , Mansour Osman Mohammed , Allam Rasha Mahmoud , Shouman Samia , AbdelGawad Iman Attia 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Glutathione can reduce the oxidative stress by converting the unstable to stable molecules and its status in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is correlated with tumor growth and metastasis.
Glutathione S-transferase Pi (GSTP1) is reported to detoxify the xenobiotic substrates by catalyzing their conjugation to reduced glutathione (GSH) and its over-expression was demonstrated in the early stages of HCC, while loss of GSTP1 has been suggested to increase the risk of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage and mutation.
The aim of this study is to assess the relationship of GSTP1 polymorphism Ile105Val (rs1695 A > G) with HCC risk, and to investigate the oxidative stress status of HCC patients by measuring the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) levels.
This study was conducted on 99 newly diagnosed HCC patients and 80 apparently healthy individuals as a normal control group.
All participants were subjected to the measurement of plasma GSH levels according to Ellman’s method, and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for the detection of GSTP1 polymorphismIle105Val (rs1695 A > G).

Results
The occurrence of either the mutant homozygous or the mutant heterozygous genotype of GSTP1 was significantly higher in HCC patients, while the occurrence of the wild genotype was significantly higher among the normal control subjects.
Mutant GSTP1 genotype, older age, male gender, and high serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were associated with increased risk of development of HCC.
The best sensitivity, specificity, PPV (positive predictive value), NPV (negative predictive value), and overall diagnostic performance for plasma GSH at a cutoff level of 2003.5 μM/mg were 57.6%, 52.5%, 60%, and 40%. The area under the curve for GSH was 0.562.

Conclusion
Mutant GSTP1 genotype was an independent prognostic factor for increased HCC risk which can be used in a risk assessment model for HCC.
Plasma GSH presents insufficient sensitivity and specificity for HCC.
Pre- and Postoperative Capecitabine Without or With Oxaliplatin in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: PETACC 6 Trial by EORTC GITCG and ROG, AIO, AGITG, BGDO, and FFCD
Authors: Schmoll Hans-Joachim , Stein Alexander , Van Cutsem Eric , Price Timothy , Hofheinz Ralf D. , Nordlinger Bernard , Daisne Jean-François , Janssens Jos , Brenner Baruch , Reinel Hans , Hollerbach Stephan , Caca Karel , Fauth Florian , Hannig Carla V. , Zalcberg John , Tebbutt Niall , Mauer Murielle E. , Marreaud Sandrine , Lutz Manfred P. , Haustermans Karin 
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE The PETACC 6 trial investigates whether the addition of oxaliplatin to preoperative capecitabine-based chemoradiation and postoperative capecitabine improves disease-free survival (DFS) in locally advanced rectal cancer. METHODS Between November 2008 and September 2011, patients with rectal adenocarcinoma within 12 cm from the anal verge, T3/4 and/or node positive, were randomly assigned to 5 weeks preoperative capecitabine-based chemoradiation (45-50.4 Gy) followed by six cycles of adjuvant capecitabine, both without (control arm, 1) or with (experimental arm, 2) oxaliplatin. The primary end point was improvement of 3-year DFS by oxaliplatin from 65% to 72% (hazard ratio [HR], 0.763). RESULTS A total of 1,094 patients were randomly assigned (intention to treat), and 1,068 eligible patients started their allocated treatment (arm 1, 543; arm 2, 525), with completion of protocol treatment in 68% (arm 1) v 54% (arm 2). A higher rate of grade 3/4 adverse events was reported in the experimental arm (14.4% v 37.3% and 23.4% v 46.6% for neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment, respectively). At a median follow-up of 68 months (interquartile range, 58-74 months), 157 and 156 DFS events were observed in arms 1 and 2, respectively (adjusted HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.28; P = .835). Three-year DFS rate was not different, with 76.5% (95% CI, 72.7% to 79.9%) in arm 1, which is higher than anticipated, and 75.8% (95% CI, 71.9% to 79.3%) in arm 2. The 7-year DFS and overall survival (OS) rates were not different as well, with DFS of 66.1% v 65.5% (HR, 1.02) and OS of 73.5% v 73.7% (HR, 1.19) in arms 1 and 2, respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed heterogeneity in treatment effect according to German versus non-German site location, without detectable confounding factors in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSION The addition of oxaliplatin to preoperative capecitabine-based chemoradiation and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy impairs tolerability and feasibility and does not improve efficacy.
Crystal Polymorphism-dependent Fluorescence of Fluoroarene-substituted Anthracene Derivatives
Authors: Kusukawa Takahiro , Kannen Fumihiro , Kojima Yusuke , Yoza Kenji 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Fluorine-substituted 1-phenylanthracene derivatives were synthesized and their polymorphism-dependent fluorescence color change (B: blue and G: green) in the crystalline state was observed. For the green luminous crystals (G), a 1D linear π-π stacked structure of the anthracene rings and intermolecular Ar-F⋯H-Ar hydrogen bonding were observed. On the other hand, for the blue luminous crystals (B), weaker or no π-π stacked anthracene rings were observed. These crystallographic observations indicated the existence of the excimer emission and the monomer emission of the anthracene rings for the green (G) and blue (B) luminous crystals, respectively. Interestingly, thermal transformations of the green luminous crystals (G) to the blue luminous crystals (B) were observed. The mechanochromic and vapochromic properties of the obtained crystals were also evaluated.
Outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‑19) in Pakistan: Psychological impact and coping strategies of Health Care Professionals
Authors: Noreen Khola , Umar Muhammad , Sabir Syed Arshad , Rehman Rehana 
Published: October 2020

Objective: This study was conducted to explore factors that can impact psychological health and coping strategies to help health care professionals (HCPs) to perform their duties.
Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted using structured questionnaire electronically shared with the participants after ethical approval. Descriptive statistics were calculated for socio demographic variables. Chi squared χ² test was used to compare the responses between different groups of HCPs.
Results: Survey was completed by 250 participants. They performed their duties diligently during outbreak but were concerned about their safety, had fear of infecting themselves and their family members. Lack of evidence-based guidelines for patient management, news about pandemic situation through media and to deal with uncooperative patients not willing for quarantine added to their stress. receiving honour and respect from general public in recognition of services, monetary benefit, adequate training to treat COVID-19, provision of personal protective equipment from government were reported as coping strategies for psychological impact.
Conclusions: COVID-19 outbreak had psychological impact on HCPs, yet they continued to perform their duties carefully as moral obligation. Continued moral with financial support and acknowledgement of their services by government, organization and general public was reported to have psychological benefit.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2988
How to cite this:Noreen K, Umar M, Sabir SA, Rehman R. Outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‑19) in Pakistan: Psychological impact and coping strategies of Health Care Professionals. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):1478-1483. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2988
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Health and wellbeing
Authors: Brooks Janine 
Published: October 2020

In these times of change and uncertainty, it has never been more important to be aware of our health and keeping emotionally resilient. Dental professionals are notoriously a difficult to reach group when it comes to individual healthcare and seeking help. COVID-19 has hit dentistry and the dental profession hard, in a way we could never have expected. Everyone has been subject to changes that could not have been contemplated. Each person on the planet has been impacted in one way or another. Maybe because we have all been subject to anxiety, uncertainty and facing the unknown, it has become easier to talk to colleagues about how we are feeling and acknowledge that it's OK to not be OK. How to enhance your resilience to cope with professional and personal challenges.
Effect of Larval Topical Application of Juvenile Hormone on Cuticular Chemical Composition of Mischocyttarus consimilis (Vespidae: Polistinae) Females
Authors: Neves Erika Fernandes , Montagna Thiago Santos , Junior Luiz Carlos Santos , Michelutti Kamylla Balbuena , Cardoso Claudia Andrea Lima , Andrade Luis Humberto Cunha , Lima Sandro Marcio , Antonialli-Junior William Fernando 
Published: October 2020

Juvenile Hormone (JH) is considered the main determinant of caste in social insects, though little is known about how this hormone acts in social wasps, especially the independent-founding species. The known relationship between JH titer and caste in the colony and we suggest a relationship among the effects of JH and the cuticular chemical profile. Therefore, this study aimed to test the hypothesis that topical application of JH to larvae of different instars alters the cuticular chemical composition of newly emerged females of Mischocyttarus consimilis (Zikán), influencing the dynamics of colony. Two techniques were used to evaluate the variation in cuticular chemical composition: Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Indeed, the application of JH did significantly alter the cuticular chemical composition of adult females that received treatment at the larval stage in comparison to control. The effects of JH were instar-dependent in that the results of topical application were significant when performed at third larval instar. Overall, these results add evidence that caste determination may, at least in part may be pre-imaginal in species of independent-founding social wasps.
RESPONSIFITAS VARIETAS UNGGUL BARU TEBU MASAK AWAL TERHADAP PEMUPUKAN
Authors: Murianingrum Mala , Busro Djumali , Riajaya Prima Diarini 
Published: October 2020

More than 40% of the potential gap of varieties of sugarcane with actual results in the field is one of the causes of sugar self-sufficiency in Indonesia which has not been reached. The limited knowledge about the responsiveness of early maturity sugarcane varieties to ferlization is one of the factors causing the large gap. The study aims to determine the responsiveness of new superior early maturity sugarcane varieties conducted in Janti Village, Kediri during July 2018 – August 2019. The study was arranged in a split plot design and repeated 3 times. The main plot consists of 5 fertilizing doses (0.9; 1.0; 1.1; 1.2, and 1.3 times the recommended dose). The subplots consists of 6 new varieties of early maturity sugarcane (MLG 5, MLG 9, MLG 14, PSMLG 2, PSMLG 1, and PS 881). Regression analysis is used to determine the form of response. The optimum dose was determined using the first derivative for closed quadratic equations and was determined > 1.3 times for positive linear equations. Varieties were grouped based on their optimum dose into five groups (no response, little response, sufficient response, more response, and very responsive). The results showed that the MLG 5, PSMLG 1, and PS 881 were classified as sufficient response, while MLG 9, MLG 14, and PSMLG 2 were classified as very responsive to fertilization.