Hubungan Gambaran Histopatologi Dan Derajat Konka Hipertrofi Dengan Sumbatan Hidung Pada Rinosinustis Kronik
Authors: Kusuma Dewi Anna Mailasari , Aditomo Rano , Hariyati Riece , Kusuma Astuti Meira Dewi 
Published: November 2020

Latar belakang : Hidung tersumbat dapat disebabkan karena kelainan struktur hidung seperti deviasi septum, atresia koana, konka hipertrofi, celah palatum, hipertrofi adenoid, dan neoplasma. Dua puluh persen populasi dengan hidung tersumbat disebabkan konka hipertrofi. Konka hipertrofi merupakan pembesaran konka akibat bertambahnya ukuran sel konka, yang disebabkan hiperplasia dan hipertrofi lapisan mukosa dan tulang konka. Gambaran hipertrofi dan hiperplasi dapat dilihat melalui pemeriksaan histopatologi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan gambaran histopatologi dan derajat konka hipertrofi dengan sumbatan hidung pada pasien rinosinusitis kronik (RSK).
Metode : Desain penelitian korelasi dengan metode belah lintang pada pasien RSK dengan konka hipertrofi yang menjalani operasi Bedah Sinus Endoskopik Fungsional (BSEF) dan konkotomi. Derajat konka hipertrofi dinilai berdasarkan nasoendoskopi, sedangkan sumbatan hidung menggunakan kuesioner Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE). Uji hipotesis yang digunakan adalah uji korelasi Spearman.
Hasil : Karakteristik subyek penelitian sebanyak 33 orang, perempuan 60% lebih banyak daripada laki-laki 40%. Derajat sumbatan hidung ringan (30%), sedang (27%), berat (30%) dan sangat berat (13%). Konka hipertrofi terbanyak yaitu derajat 3 (54,5%). Hasil analisis dengan uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan terdapat korelasi positif dengan nilai korelasi sedang antara derajat konka hipertrofi dengan derajat sumbatan hidung (p=0.02 dan rho = 0.404. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara derajat sumbatan hidung dengan gambaran histopatologi konka inferior (hiperplasia sel goblet, pembentukan kelenjar submukosa, eosinofil, limfosit, neutrofil).
Simpulan : Derajat konka hipertrofi berpengaruh terhadap sumbatan hidung. Gambaran histopatologi konka hipertrofi tidak berpengaruh terhadap derajat sumbatan hidung pada pasien RSK.
Kata kunci : Rinosinusitis kronik, sumbatan hidung, konka hipertrofi

Background: Nasal congestion can be caused by abnormalities of nasal structures such as deviation of the septum, choanal atresia, turbinate hypertrophy, cleft palate, adenoid hypertrophy, and neoplasms. Twenty percent of the population with nasal congestion is due to turbinate hypertrophy. Turbinate hypertrophy is an enlargement of turbinate due to an increase in the size of turbinate cells, which is caused by hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the mucosal layers and turbinate bones. Description of hypertrophy and hyperplasia can be seen through histopathological examination. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between histopathological features and the degree of turbinate hypertrophy with nasal obstruction in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
Methode: The correlative study design with a cross-sectional method in CSR patients with turbinate hypertrophy who underwent Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) and turbinectomy. The degree of turbinate hypertrophy was assessed based on nasoendoscopy, whereas nasal obstruction used the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire. The hypothesis test used is the Spearman correlation test.
Result: The characteristics of the study subjects were 33 people, more women (60%) than men (40%). The degree of nasal obstruction is mild (30%), moderate (27%), severe (30%) and very severe (13%). Turbinate hypertrophy grade 3 was the most (54,5%). The analyzed using Spearman correlative test showed a positive correlation with a moderate correlation between the degree of turbinate hypertrophy with the degree of nasal obstruction (p=0.02 dan rho = 0.404). There was no significant relationship between the degree of nasal obstruction with histopathological features of the inferior turbinate (goblet cell hyperplasia, the formation of submucosal glands, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and neutrophils).
Conclusion: The degree of turbinate hypertrophy affects nasal obstruction. Histopathological features of turbinate hypertrophy do not affect the degree of nasal obstruction in CSR patients.
Keyword: Chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal obstruction, turbinate hypertrophy