bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Removal of middle molecules with medium cutoff dialyzer in patients on short frequent hemodialysis
Authors: Reis Thiago , Martino Francesca , Dias Priscila , de Freitas Geraldo R. R. , da Silva Filho Evandro R. , de Azevedo Maria L. C. , Reis Fábio , Cozzolino Mario , Rizo‐Topete Lilia , Ronco Claudio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroductionMedium cutoff (MCO) membranes for hemodialysis (HD) remove more effectively large middle molecules than high‐flux (HF) membranes. In patients on in‐center short frequent HD regimen (5 sessions per week, 2 hours and 30 minutes per session) the effect of MCO on middle weight uremic toxins has not been elucidated.MethodsThis retrospective study included 15 patients previously performing short frequent HD with HF dialyzer (HF‐HD), that were switched to short frequent HD with MCO dialyzer (MCO‐HD) for 2 months, and returned to HF‐HD. The primary endpoint was the predialysis concentration of α1‐acid glycoprotein during the different study phases. Secondary endpoints were predialysis concentration of other middle molecules, albumin, and assessment of the quality of life using the 36‐item short‐form health survey (SF‐36).FindingsDuring MCO‐HD phase there was a reduction in mean ± SD α1‐acid glycoprotein concentration (98.71 ± 25.2 vs. 88.6 ± 24.6 mg/dL, P = 0.107), followed by an increment 2 months after returning to HF‐HD (89.18 ± 26.12 vs. 97.33 ± 31.29 mg/dL, P = 0.002); however, only the second variation was statistically significant. MCO‐HD provided lower median predialysis concentration of prolactin (16 [10.2–25.6] vs. 14.1 [11.7–34.8] ng/mL, P = 0.036). Single‐pool Kt/V, standard Kt/V, predialysis β2‐microglobulin, myoglobin, and SF‐36 questionnaire remained stable during the first two phases (pre‐MCO and MCO). β2‐Microglobulin increased in the post‐MCO phase (20.02 ± 8.14 vs. 21.27 ± 7.64 μg/mL, P = 0.000). Mean predialysis concentration of albumin reduced significantly from pre‐MCO vs. MCO phases (39.9 ± 3.7 vs. 38.3 ± 3.3 g/L, P = 0.020) and rebounded significantly from MCO vs. post‐MCO phases (38.7 ± 3.1 vs. 41.3 ± 3.0 g/L, P = 0.007).DiscussionIn this retrospective analysis, short frequent MCO‐HD promotes a reduction in prolactin, a middle weight uremic toxin, and trends toward a reduction in α1‐acid glycoprotein. No patients developed hypoalbuminemia. These findings are encouraging and deserve investigation in prospective studies.
Recursive linear models optimized by bioinspired metaheuristics to streamflow time series prediction
Authors: Siqueira Hugo , Belotti Jonatas Trabuco , Boccato Levy , Luna Ivette , Attux Romis , Lyra Christiano 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTime series forecasting problems are often addressed using linear techniques, especially the autoregressive (AR) models, due to their simplicity combined with good performances. It is possible to generalize a linear predictor by allowing infinite impulse response (IIR) through the addition of feedback loops, as occurs in the autoregressive and moving average (ARMA) models and IIR filters. However, the calculation of the free coefficients of these structures is more complex, as the optimization problem has no closed‐form solution. This work conducts an extensive investigation on the use of linear models to predict monthly seasonal streamflow series associated with Brazilian hydroelectric plants. The main goal is to reach the best achievable performance with linear approaches. We propose the application of recursive models, estimating their parameters with the aid of bioinspired metaheuristics: particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), differential evolution (DE), and two immune‐inspired algorithms, the CLONALG, and the artificial immune network for optimization (Opt‐aiNet). The AR model is also considered. The results to multistep ahead forecasting indicated that the insertion of feedback loops increased the performances, with ARMA being the best predictor. The DE, PSO, and GA led to the minimum values of mean‐squared error during the tests, while DE yielded the smallest dispersion.
Artistic Techniques in Heritage Education: An Exploratory SHEO‐Based Study
Authors: Gómez‐Redondo Carmen , Valle‐Gómez Lucía , Fontal Olaia 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHaving started from theoretical premises, the following study showed the results obtained by research work carried out on the use of artistic methodologies in the educational designs inventoried in the database of the Spanish Heritage Education Observatory (SHEO). This article’s aim was to understand and learn about the use of artistic techniques in the designs of heritage education programmes. To this end, the authors resorted to SHEO’s own methodology for the assessment of the quality of educational programmes. In this study, specific modifications were introduced in the latter methodology as well as in the data collection and analysis tools so as to adapt them to the specific topic of our research. In order to achieve this purpose, a descriptive‐statistical analysis of the variables defined for the sample was made by using the SPSS software. The main results were not particularly promising and point to the low representativeness within the whole database of the educational designs inventoried in the SHEO database that use artistic techniques as well at the playful and use that was made of such techniques in those designs and the absence of solid contents in this regard.
The psychological symptoms of patients with mild symptoms of coronavirus disease (2019) in China: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Li Juan , Yang Zhen , Zhang Jie , Wang An‐ni , Wang Xiao , Dong Li‐li , Wang Fu‐sheng , Wei Rui‐hong , Li Yi‐fei , Zhang Jing‐ping 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsTo determine psychological symptoms of patients with mild symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 in China and to explore the influencing factors.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsA convenience sample of 296 mild coronavirus disease 2019 patients were recruited from a Fangcang hospital in Wuhan, Hubei Province, from 3–5 March, 2020. Participants were assessed using a sociodemographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire, and Symptom Check List 90. The binary logistic regression was utilized to explore the influencing factors of psychological symptoms of patients with mild symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019.ResultsIn total, 296 of 299 patients with mild symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 participated in the study (response rate: 99.0%). The findings revealed that 12.8% patients with mild symptoms have mental health problems; the most common psychological symptoms are phobic anxiety (58.4%), paranoid ideation (50.7%) and psychoticism (40.2%). Female patients [OR = 3.587, 95% CI (1.694–7.598)] and those having physical symptoms currently [OR = 2.813, 95% CI (1.210–6.539)] are at higher risk, while those in the middle duration of hospitalization [OR = 0.278, 95% CI (0.121–0.639)] protect against mental‐health problems.ConclusionsThe minority of patients with mild symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 were still suffering from psychological symptoms. Healthcare providers are recommended to pay particular attention to screening these high‐risk groups (women, those in the initial stages of hospitalization and those with physical symptoms currently) and implement targeted psychological care as required.ImpactThis study found that most patients of coronavirus disease 2019 in Fangcang hospital exhibited normal mental health at par with the general Chinese norm and the minority of them were suffering from psychological symptoms. The findings can provide a reference for healthcare providers to screen high‐risk psychological symptoms groups and implement targeted psychological intervention for patients with coronavirus disease 2019.
Differences in ambulatory blood pressure profiles between Japanese and Thai patients with hypertension /suspected hypertension
Authors: Tomitani Naoko , Wanthong Sirisawat , Roubsanthisuk Weranuj , Buranakitjaroen Peera , Hoshide Satoshi , Kario Kazuomi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEthnic differences in the profiles of hypertension and cardiovascular risk have been reported between Asians and Westerners. However, blood pressure (BP) profiles and the risk factors for cardiovascular disease might differ even among different Asian populations because of the diversity of cultures, foods, and environments. We retrospectively examined differences in 24‐h BP profiles between 1051 Japanese (mean age, 62.5 ± 12.4 years; medicated hypertension, 75.7%) and 804 Thai (mean age, 56.9 ± 18.5 years; medicated hypertension, 65.6%) by using the Japanese and Thai ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) databases, in order to check the BP control status in treated hypertensives and to inform the clinical diagnosis of hypertension. The two populations had similar office systolic BP (SBP) (142.7 ± 20.0 vs 142.3 ± 20.6 mm Hg, p = .679). However, the Japanese population had higher 24‐hr average and daytime SBP, and the Thai population had higher nighttime SBP even after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors (all p < .05). Greater morning BP surge was observed in Japanese (31.2 vs 22.8 mm Hg, p < .001). Regarding nocturnal BP dipping status, the prevalence of riser status (higher nighttime than daytime SBP) was higher in the Thai population (30.5% vs 10.9%). These findings suggest that a substantial difference in 24‐hr BP profiles exists between even neighboring countries in Asia.
Long non‐coding RNA EWSAT1 promoted metastasis and actin cytoskeleton changes via miR‐24‐3p sponging in osteosarcoma
Authors: Shen Dewei , Liu Yize , Liu Yuexin , Wang Tao , Yuan Lin , Huang Xuyang , Wang Yong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNon‐coding RNAs are closely associated with tumorigenesis in multiple malignant tumours, including osteosarcoma (OS). Long non‐coding RNA Ewing sarcoma‐associated transcript 1 (EWSAT1) plays a role in metastasis, and actin cytoskeletal changes in OS remain unclear. In the current study, we showed that EWSAT1 expression was up‐regulated in OS and that an elevation in the EWSAT1 expression level was correlated with poor prognosis in patients with OS. Functionally, we showed that knockdown of EWSAT1 suppressed migration and induced actin stress fibre degradation in MNNG/HOS and 143B cells. Moreover, we found that ROCK1 was a key downstream effector in EWSAT1‐mediated cell migration and actin stress fibre changes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ROCK1 and EWSAT1 shared a similar microRNA response element of microRNA‐24‐3p (miR‐24‐3p). Moreover, we verified that miR‐24‐3p suppressed ROCK1 and its mediated migration and actin stress fibres change by direct targeting. EWSAT1 promoted ROCK1‐mediated migration and actin stress fibre formation through miR‐24‐3p sponging. Lastly, through an in vivo study, we demonstrated that EWSAT1 promoted lung metastasis in OS. According to the above‐mentioned results, we suggest that EWSAT1 acts as an oncogene and that EWSAT1/miR‐24‐3p/ROCK1 axial could be a new target in the treatment of OS.
CHALLENGING TERMS: Contemporary Art and the Disciplining of Novelty in the UAE
Authors: Derderian Elizabeth 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCurators and gallerists are constantly in search of exciting, new contemporary art from around the globe. Yet in order for “emerging” art markets to become visible to the contemporary art elite, they must adopt infrastructures and criteria from that world. In so doing, they often standardize and lose the very novelty for which they are sought. These infrastructures, such as biennials and commercial art fairs, determine how artworks are exhibited and which artists are successful, and they codify art historical narratives which complement, rather than challenge, the dominant Euro‐American art historical canon. This phenomenon is particularly visible in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), where infrastructural and market changes have transpired swiftly across the art scene in the past decade, resulting in the frequent sidelining of Arabic‐speaking artists and those who work in more traditional media. [contemporary art, United Arab Emirates (UAE), canon, aesthetics, novelty]
Orthodontic bone screws: A quick update and its promising future
Authors: Chang Chris H. , Lin Lexie Y. , Roberts Wilbur Eugene 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOrthodontic bone screws (OBSs) provide intraoral anchorage by penetrating oral mucosa and seating firmly in basilar bone (BB). Retromolar (prosthetic‐type) implants introduced the extra‐alveolar (E‐A) concept for BB anchorage to move teeth throughout the alveolar process, but the clinical procedures were complex and expensive. Titanium alloy (Ti) miniscrews placed in inter‐radicular (I‐R) alveolar bone are more convenient and provide some tooth movement potential, but multiple screws are usually required and the devices often interfere with the path of tooth movement. The advantages of BB anchorage and the convenience of miniscrew are combined into the E‐A OBS system. These miniscrews are relatively large in diameter (2 mm), and strong (stainless steel), which are placed intraorally in the BB of the infra‐zygomatic crest (IZC) and mandibular buccal shelf (MBS). E‐A OBSs provide osseous anchorage to retract the dentition and/or rotate either arch. Recovery of impactions is effectively managed with lever arm springs anchored with IZC or MBS bone screws. An emerging frontier is BB anchorage for correcting severe malocclusions with clear aligners. Since the osseous‐anchored mechanics are complementary, fixed appliances and clear aligners can be used individually or in tandem to resolve a broad variety of malocclusions. This report summarizes current concepts for conservatively managing complex malocclusions such as severe crowding, skeletal discrepancies, asymmetries and impactions with the OBS system.
Diagnostic Value of MRI Lamellated Hyperintense Synovitis in Periprosthetic Infection of Hip
Authors: Gao Zongyan , Jin Yi , Chen Xiao , Dai Zhipeng , Qiang Shuo , Guan Shuyuan , Li Qiang , Huang Jincheng , Zheng Jia 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lamellated hyperintense synovitis and periprosthetic infection of hip arthroplasty and estimate its value in the diagnosis of infection after hip replacement.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 50 patients who underwent MRI from January 2016 to June 2019 after hip replacement was performed. The MRI scanning was performed with a 1.5T clinical imaging unit using SEMAC protocols. A total of 25 patients (cohort 1) showed infected total hip arthroplasty, and 25 patients had non‐infected arthroplasty as controls (cohort 2). Two musculoskeletal radiologists, blinded to the clinical diagnosis, reviewed all the images for the presence of lamellated hyperintense synovitis independently. The cases were rereviewed by each reader after 2 weeks. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated using the first reads. The Kappa statistic was used to assess inter‐observer and intra‐observer reliability.ResultsThe incidence of lamellated hyperintense synovitis was 76%–88% in the experimental group and 8%–16% in the control group. The sensitivity of lamellated hyperintense synovitis for infection was 0.80–0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI]:0.59 – 0.97), the specificity was 0.84~0.92 (95% CI: 0.64  –0.99), the positive predictive value 0.83–0.92 (95% CI: 0.67 – 0.98), the negative predictive value 0.81 – 0.88 (95% CI: 0.65 – 0.96). The agreement between two readers was substantial (Kappa = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.58 – 0.94, P < 0.05). There were moderate inter–observer agreements for both readers, reader 1 (Kappa = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.23 – 0.72, P < 0.05) and reader 2 (Kappa = 0.44，95% CI: 0.19 – 0.69, P < 0.05).ConclusionIn this cohort, the presence of lamellated hyperintense synovitis in the MRI of hip arthroplasty showed high sensitivity and specificity for infection. This sign had substantial intra‐observer reliability and moderate inter‐observer reliability in the classification of the synovial pattern.
Dietary constraints of phytosaurian reptiles revealed by dental microwear textural analysis
Authors: Bestwick Jordan , Jones Andrew S. , Purnell Mark A. , Butler Richard J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPhytosaurs are a group of large, semi‐aquatic archosaurian reptiles from the Middle–Late Triassic. They have often been interpreted as carnivorous or piscivorous due to their large size, morphological similarity to extant crocodilians and preservation in fluvial, lacustrine and coastal deposits. However, these dietary hypotheses are difficult to test, meaning that phytosaur ecologies and their roles in Triassic food webs remain incompletely constrained. Here, we apply dental microwear textural analysis to the three‐dimensional sub‐micrometre scale tooth surface textures that form during food consumption to provide the first quantitative dietary constraints for five species of phytosaur. We furthermore explore the impacts of tooth position and cranial robustness on phytosaur microwear textures. We find subtle systematic texture differences between teeth from different positions along phytosaur tooth rows, which we interpret to be the result of different loading pressures experienced during food consumption, rather than functional partitioning of food processing along tooth rows. We find rougher microwear textures in morphologically robust taxa. This may be the result of seizing and processing larger prey items compared to those captured by gracile taxa, rather than dietary differences per se. We reveal relatively low dietary diversity between our study phytosaurs and that individual species show a lack of dietary specialization. Species are predominantly carnivorous and/or piscivorous, with two taxa exhibiting slight preferences for ‘harder’ invertebrates. Our results provide strong evidence for higher degrees of ecological convergence between phytosaurs and extant crocodilians than previously appreciated, furthering our understanding of the functioning and evolution of Triassic ecosystems.
Quantile-Frequency Analysis and Spectral Measures for Diagnostic Checks of Time Series With Nonlinear Dynamics
Authors: Li Ta-Hsin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNonlinear dynamic volatility has been observed in many financial time series. The recently proposed quantile periodogram offers an alternative way to examine this phenomena in the frequency domain. The quantile periodogram is constructed from trigonometric quantile regression of time series data at different frequencies and quantile levels, enabling the quantile-frequency analysis (QFA) of nonlinear serial dependence. This paper introduces some spectral measures based on the quantile periodogram for diagnostic checks of financial time series models and for model-based discriminant analysis. A simulation-based parametric bootstrapping technique is employed to compute the p-values of the spectral measures. The usefulness of the proposed method is demonstrated by a simulation study and a motivating application using the daily log returns of the S&P 500 index together with GARCH-type models. The results show that the QFA method is able to provide additional insights into the goodness of fit of these financial time series models that may have been missed by conventional tests. The results also show that the QFA method offers a more informative way of discriminant analysis for detecting regime changes in financial time series.
Genetically encoded multimode reporter of adaptor complex 3 traffic in budding yeast
Authors: Plemel Rachael L. , Odorizzi Greg , Merz Alexey J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAP‐3 (adaptor complex 3) mediates traffic from the late Golgi or early endosomes to late endosomal compartments. In mammals, mutations in AP‐3 cause Hermansky‐Pudlak syndrome type 2, cyclic neutropenias, and a form of epileptic encephalopathy. In budding yeast, AP‐3 carries cargo directly from the trans‐Golgi to the lysosomal vacuole. Despite the pathway's importance and its discovery two decades ago, rapid screens and selections for AP‐3 mutants have not been available. We now report GNSI, a synthetic, genetically encoded reporter that allows rapid plate‐based assessment of AP‐3 functional deficiency, using either chromogenic or growth phenotype readouts. This system identifies defects in both the formation and consumption of AP‐3 carrier vesicles and is adaptable to high‐throughput screening or selection in both plate array and liquid batch culture formats. Episomal and integrating plasmids encoding GNSI have been submitted to the Addgene repository.
Influence of skull biometrics on cosmetic reconstruction after incisivectomy and nasal planectomy reconstruction in dogs
Authors: Goldschmidt Stephanie L. , McKibben Gavin , Rendahl Aaron , Kiefer Kristina M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo identify biometric skull measurements that are associated with tension and excess narrowing of the resultant nasal aperture during cosmetic nasal planectomy reconstruction.Study designEx vivo study.AnimalsTwenty cadavers of mesocephalic dogs.MethodsCosmetic reconstruction was performed after incisivectomy and nasal planectomy. Preoperative and intraoperative skull measurements included width of the nasal planum, rostral and caudal maxilla, labial flap, and maxilla at ostectomy site; the length of the nose, labial flap, and philtrum incision; lip thickness; and philtrum placement. Ratios of select width to length measurements were calculated. Correlation was tested between skull biometrics and tension during reconstruction as well as resulting opening of the nasal aperture.ResultsBreeds included golden retriever, pit bull, Labrador retriever, beagle, shepherd, basset hound, boxer mix, cocker spaniel, and Great Dane. No biometric ratios were predictive of procedural success. The most important objective measurements that were significantly correlated with inferior outcome included width of the nasal planum (>3 cm), width of the caudal maxilla (>6.2 cm), lip thickness (>0.5 cm), width of the labial flap (>2.9 cm), length of the incision created to make the cosmetic “philtrum” (longer incisions >2.8 cm), and philtrum placement (more dorsal placement).ConclusionTension during reconstruction and decreased resultant nasal aperture were associated with wider facial features and thicker lips as well as directly impacted by cosmetic philtrum design and placement.Clinical significanceStandardized preoperative measurements may help guide clinical decision making in choosing and executing a nasal planectomy reconstructive technique.