bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childhood Research Beyond Children: Public Engagement and the Rights of the Child
Authors: Zhang Chao , Wang Jingyi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
With the globalization of technology and the changes of society, the boundaries between childhood and adulthood have become increasingly blurred. Children’s studies begin to re-examine the modern thinking and the binary opposition in childhood research, and propose that in order to adapt to the diversity and continuous influence of childhood, childhood research must look for and effectively use non-dualistic theoretical analysis resources. On the one hand, “actor-network theory” and “complexity theory” have provided such research with a theoretical basis, transcending the perspective of binary opposition, focusing on the long-term effects of childhood on individual public character and the public participation of children. On the other hand, information media technology and community participation play an important role in the building of contemporary childhood, especially for the vulnerable groups of children to gain the ability of public participation and enter the public sector. Childhood research requires a broad theoretical perspective and an interdisciplinary approach. It also requires attention to the processes and mechanisms of how children’s participation influences the acquisition of individual public character. How to effectively use information technology to promote public participation, expand the existing public space and form an effective connection with practical community participation is the key to realizing a “good society” in the future for children.
Longitudinal associations of active renal disease with irreversible organ damage accrual in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Kandane-Rathnayake R , Kent J R , Louthrenoo W , Luo S -F , Wu Y -JJ , Lateef A , Golder V , Sockalingam S , Navarra S a , Zamora L , Hamijoyo L , Katsumata Y , Harigai M , Chan M , O’Neill S , Goldblatt F , Lau C S , Hoi A , Nikpour M , Morand E 
Published: November 2019

Objective To examine longitudinal associations of active lupus nephritis with organ damage accrual in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods This study was performed using data from a large multinational prospective cohort. Active lupus nephritis at any visit was defined by the presence of urinary casts, proteinuria, haematuria or pyuria, as indicated by the cut-offs in the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI)-2K, collected at each visit. Organ damage accrual was defined as a change of SLICC-ACR Damage Index (SDI) score >0 units between baseline and final annual visits. Renal damage accrual was defined if there was new damage recorded in renal SDI domains (estimated glomerular filtration rate <50%/proteinuria >3.5 g per 24 h/end-stage kidney disease). Time-dependent hazard regression analyses were used to examine the associations between active lupus nephritis and damage accrual. Results Patients ( N = 1735) were studied during 12,717 visits for a median (inter-quartile range) follow-up period of 795 (532, 1087) days. Forty per cent of patients had evidence of active lupus nephritis at least once during the study period, and active lupus nephritis was observed in 3030 (24%) visits. Forty-eight per cent of patients had organ damage at baseline and 14% accrued organ damage. Patients with active lupus nephritis were 52% more likely to accrue any organ damage compared with those without active lupus nephritis (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.52 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16, 1.97), p < 0.02). Active lupus nephritis was strongly associated with damage accrual in renal but not in non-renal organ domains (hazard ratios = 13.0 (95% CI: 6.58, 25.5) p < 0.001 and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.69, 1.32) p = 0.8, respectively). There was no effect of ethnicity on renal damage accrual, but Asian ethnicity was significantly associated with reduced non-renal damage accrual. Conclusion Active lupus nephritis measured using the SLEDAI-2K domain cut-offs is associated with renal, but not non-renal, damage accrual in SLE.
High-intensity interval training has a greater effect on reverse cholesterol transport elements compared with moderate-intensity continuous training in obese male rats
Authors: Rahmati-Ahmadabad Saleh , Azarbayjani Mohammad-Ali , Farzanegi Parvin , Moradi Lida 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objectives
The present study compares the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT; 18 min) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MIT; 1 h) on reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) elements in obese subjects.

Methods
Thirty adult male rats were induced high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. After four weeks, the rats were randomly divided into three groups while simultaneously continuing the HFD for the remaining eight weeks. Group specificities were HFD–control, HFD–MIT and HFD–HIIT. The rats were sacrificed 48 h after the last training session and the samples were collected. Analysis of variance and Pearson’s correlation test were used for the statistical analyses (significance level: p ≤ 0.05).

Results
The results showed that both HIIT and MIT improved heart ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCG4, ABCG5, ABCG8, LXR-α and PPARγ gene expression as well as plasma Apo A1, LCAT, lipids and lipoproteins (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, higher cardiac ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCG4, ABCG5, ABCG8 and PPARγ expression and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p ≤ 0.05) concentrations were found in the HFD–HIIT group compared with the HFD–MIT group.

Conclusion
HIIT may have more cardioprotective effects than MIT against atherosclerosis, along with saving time, as supported by the changes observed in the main factors involved in the RCT process.
Fc-modified HIT-like monoclonal antibody as a novel treatment for sepsis
Authors: Gollomp Kandace , Sarkar Amrita , Harikumar Sanjiv , Seeholzer Steven H. , Arepally Gowthami M. , Hudock Kristin , Rauova Lubica , Kowalska M. Anna , Poncz Mortimer 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSepsis is characterized by multiorgan system dysfunction that occurs because of infection. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality and is in need of improved therapeutic interventions. Neutrophils play a crucial role in sepsis, releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) composed of DNA complexed with histones and toxic antimicrobial proteins that ensnare pathogens, but also damage host tissues. At presentation, patients often have a significant NET burden contributing to the multiorgan damage. Therefore, interventions that inhibit NET release would likely be ineffective at preventing NET-based injury. Treatments that enhance NET degradation may liberate captured bacteria and toxic NET degradation products (NDPs) and likely be of limited therapeutic benefit as well. We propose that interventions that stabilize NETs and sequester NDPs may be protective in sepsis. We showed that platelet factor 4 (PF4), a platelet-associated chemokine, binds and compacts NETs, increasing their resistance to DNase I. We now show that PF4 increases NET-mediated bacterial capture, reduces the release of NDPs, and improves outcome in murine models of sepsis. A monoclonal antibody KKO which binds to PF4-NET complexes, further enhances DNase resistance. However, the Fc portion of this antibody activates the immune response and increases thrombotic risk, negating any protective effects in sepsis. Therefore, we developed an Fc-modified KKO that does not induce these negative outcomes. Treatment with this antibody augmented the effects of PF4, decreasing NDP release and bacterial dissemination and increasing survival in murine sepsis models, supporting a novel NET-targeting approach to improve outcomes in sepsis.
The translational network for metabolic disease – from protein interaction to disease co-occurrence
Authors: Nam Yonghyun , Lee Dong-gi , Bang Sunjoo , Kim Ju Han , Kim Jae-Hoon , Shin Hyunjung 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe recent advances inhuman disease networkhave provided insights into establishing the relationships between the genotypes and phenotypes of diseases. In spite of the great progress, it yet remains asonly a map of topologies between diseases,but not being able to be a pragmatic diagnostic/prognostic tool in medicine. It can further evolve from a map to atranslationaltool if it equips with a function of scoring that measures the likelihoods of the association between diseases. Then, a physician, when practicing on a patient, can suggest several diseases that are highly likely to co-occur with a primary disease according to the scores. In this study, we propose a method of implementing ‘n-of-1 utility’(npotential diseases ofonepatient) to human disease network—the translational disease network.ResultsWe first construct adisease networkby introducing the notion ofwalkin graph theory toprotein-protein interaction network, and then provide ascoring algorithmquantifying the likelihoods ofdisease co-occurrencegiven a primary disease. Metabolic diseases, that are highly prevalent but have found only a few associations in previous studies, are chosen as entries of the network.ConclusionsThe proposed method substantially increasedconnectivitybetween metabolic diseases and providedscoresofco-occurring diseases.The increase in connectivity turned the disease networkinfo-richer. The result lifted the AUC of random guessing up to 0.72 and appeared to be concordant with the existing literatures ondisease comorbidity.
Gain and loss events in the evolution of the apolipoprotein family in vertebrata
Authors: Liu Jia-Qian , Li Wen-Xing , Zheng Jun-Juan , Tian Qing-Nan , Huang Jing-Fei , Dai Shao-Xing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundVarious apolipoproteins widely distributed among vertebrata play key roles in lipid metabolism and have a direct correlation with human diseases as diagnostic markers. However, the evolutionary progress of apolipoproteins in species remains unclear. Nine human apolipoproteins and well-annotated genome data of 30 species were used to identify 210 apolipoprotein family members distributed among species from fish to humans. Our study focused on the evolution of nine exchangeable apolipoproteins (ApoA-I/II/IV/V, ApoC-I~IV and ApoE) fromChondrichthyes,Holostei,Teleostei,Amphibia,Sauria (includingAves),Prototheria,MarsupialiaandEutheria.ResultsIn this study, we reported the overall distribution and the frequent gain and loss evolutionary events of apolipoprotein family members in vertebrata. Phylogenetic trees of orthologous apolipoproteins indicated evident divergence between species evolution and apolipoprotein phylogeny. Successive gain and loss events were found by evaluating the presence and absence of apolipoproteins in the context of species evolution. For example, only ApoA-I and ApoA-IV occurred in cartilaginous fish as ancient apolipoproteins. ApoA-II, ApoE, and ApoC-I/ApoC-II were found inHolostei, Coelacanthiformes, andTeleostei,respectively, but the latter three apolipoproteins were absent fromAves. ApoC-I was also absent fromCetartiodactyla. The apolipoprotein ApoC-III emerged in terrestrial animals, and ApoC-IV first arose inEutheria. The results indicate that the order of the emergence of apolipoproteins is most likely ApoA-I/ApoA-IV, ApoE, ApoA-II, ApoC-I/ApoC-II, ApoA-V, ApoC-III, and ApoC-IV.ConclusionsThis study reveals not only the phylogeny of apolipoprotein family members in species fromChondrichthyestoEutheriabut also the occurrence and origin of new apolipoproteins. The broad perspective of gain and loss events and the evolutionary scenario of apolipoproteins across vertebrata provide a significant reference for the research of apolipoprotein function and related diseases.
Evolutionary balance between LRR domain loss and young NBS–LRR genes production governs disease resistance in Arachis hypogaea cv. Tifrunner
Authors: Song Hui , Guo Zhonglong , Hu Xiaohui , Qian Lang , Miao Fuhong , Zhang Xiaojun , Chen Jing 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil and protein crop, but it has low disease resistance; therefore, it is important to reveal the number, sequence features, function, and evolution of genes that confer resistance. Nucleotide-binding site–leucine-rich repeats (NBS–LRRs) are resistance genes that are involved in response to various pathogens.

Results
We identified 713 full-length NBS–LRRs in A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner. Genetic exchange events occurred on NBS–LRRs in A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner, which were detected in the same subgenomes and also found in different subgenomes. Relaxed selection acted on NBS–LRR proteins and LRR domains in A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner. Using quantitative trait loci (QTL), we found that NBS–LRRs were involved in response to late leaf spot, tomato spotted wilt virus, and bacterial wilt in A. duranensis (2 NBS–LRRs), A. ipaensis (39 NBS–LRRs), and A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner (113 NBS–LRRs). In A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner, 113 NBS–LRRs were classified as 75 young and 38 old NBS–LRRs, indicating that young NBS–LRRs were involved in response to disease after tetraploidization. However, compared to A. duranensis and A. ipaensis, fewer LRR domains were found in A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner NBS–LRR proteins, partly explaining the lower disease resistance of the cultivated peanut.

Conclusions
Although relaxed selection acted on NBS–LRR proteins and LRR domains, LRR domains were preferentially lost in A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner compared to A. duranensis and A. ipaensis. The QTL results suggested that young NBS–LRRs were important for resistance against diseases in A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner. Our results provid insight into the greater susceptibility of A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner to disease compared to A. duranensis and A. ipaensis.
Prediction of kidney transplant outcome based on different DGF definitions in Chinese deceased donation
Authors: Hu Xiao-jun , Zheng Jin , Li Yang , Tian Xiao-hui , Tian Pu-xun , Xiang He-li , Pan Xiao-ming , Ding Chen-guang , Ding Xiao-ming , Xue Wu-jun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundDelayed graft function (DGF) is an important complication of kidney transplantation and can be diagnosed according to different definitions. DGF has been suggested to be associated with the long-term outcome of kidney transplantation surgery. However, the best DGF definition for predicting renal transplant outcomes in Chinese donations after cardiac death (DCDs) remains to be determined.MethodA total of 372 DCD kidney transplant recipients from June 2013 to July 2017 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University were included in this retrospective study to compare 6 different DGF definitions. The relationships of the DGF definitions with transplant outcome were analyzed, including graft loss (GL) and death-censored graft loss (death-censored GL). Renal function indicators, including one-year estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and three-year eGFR, and were compared between different DGF groups.ResultsThe incidence of DGF varied from 4.19 to 35.22% according to the different DGF diagnoses. All DGF definitions were significantly associated with three-year GL as well as death-censored GL. DGF based on requirement of hemodialysis within the first week had the best predictive value for GL (AUC 0.77), and DGF based on sCr variation during the first 3 days post-transplant had the best predictive value for three-year death-censored GL (AUC 0.79). Combination of the 48-h sCr reduction ratio and classical DGF can improve the AUC for GL (AUC 0.85) as well as the predictive accuracy for death-censored GL (83.3%).ConclusionDGF was an independent risk factor for poor transplant outcome. The combination of need for hemodialysis within the first week and the 48-h serum creatinine reduction rate has a better predictive value for patient and poor graft outcome.
Patient-centered Pharmacist Care in the Hemodialysis Unit: a quasi-experimental interrupted time series study
Authors: Ismail Sherine , Al-Subhi Abrar , Youssif Eman , Ahmed Medhat , Almalki Abdullah , Seger Diane L. , Seger Andrew C. , Cook Earl 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Nonadherence to medications by patients requiring hemodialysis (HD) leads to unfavorable clinical outcomes. Limited data exist to demonstrate the effect of incorporating patient-centered interventions using concepts of medication therapy management and motivational interview by pharmacists on pharmacoadherence in patients requiring HD. Therefore, we assessed the impact of patient-centered pharmacist care on pharmacoadherence and its outcomes in patients requiring HD.

Methods
Adult patients who had received outpatient HD for at least 3 months were enrolled. The study was conducted from October 2016 to April 2017. Pharmacists interviewed the patients at month 1, 2, 4 and 6, and the intervention (comprehensive review) occurred at months 3 and 5. The primary outcome was the change in pharmacoadherence as assessed by pre-HD serum phosphate levels and the differences in the number of medications between patient’ self-report and medications records at the electronic healthcare records (EHRs). The secondary outcomes included changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP), glycosylated hemoglobin levels, serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, and the prevalence and types of medication-related problems (MRPs).

Results
Seventy-two patients were enrolled. Their median age was 59 (interquartile range: 47–67.5) years, and 53% were men. Pre- and post-intervention pharmacoadherence, as indicated by serum phosphate levels and the differences in the number of medications between patient’ self-report and the medication records at the EHRs, did not significantly differ (p = 0.682 and 0.348, respectively). Mean SBP and mean LDL did not significantly change post-intervention. The median number of MRPs declined between Months 3 and 5 (p = 0.002): the prevalence of MRPs at Month 3 was 44.9% (95 confidence interval [CI]: 40.4–49.3) and decreased to 29.8% (95 CI: 25.6–34.3) at Month 5. Drug use without indication was the most frequent MRP (23.9%).

Conclusions
Patient-centered pharmacist care did not result in significant changes in pharmacoadherence. However, its clinical utility as a tool to identify and mitigate MRPs in patients requiring HD is indisputable.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03576404 (retrospectively registered on July 3rd, 2018).
A nationwide survey on neonatal medical resources in mainland China: current status and future challenges
Authors: Li Qiuping , Han Tao , Zhang Yanping , Zhang Qian , Kong Xiangyong , Yang Yonghui , Feng Zhichun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
With the rapid development of economy in recent two decades, neonatology has been progressing quickly in China. However, there is little knowledge about the exact developmental status of neonatal departments in China. The aim of this study was to assess resources available for care of sick newborns in mainland China.

Methods
Questionnaires were sent to the membership of the Chinese Neonatologist Association (CNA) and used to survey the scale, facilities, staff, technologies, transport systems and preterm infants’ outcomes of neonatal departments (NDs) in different areas of China from June 2012 to December 2012.

Results
The result of this survey including a total of 117 questionnaires showed that investigated ND had a mean of 65 (median 47; range 5–450) beds, including 19.59 (median 15, range 0–100) NICU beds. The overall doctor/bed and nurse/bed ratio was 1:3.84 and 1:1.43, respectively. Lack of medical equipment was one of the main problems in most NDs surveyed, and only 26 NDs (22.2%) had more than one neonatal incubator per bed. Only 70.1, 30.6, 30.8 and 4.3% NDs carried out high-frequency ventilation, hypothermia, nitric oxide inhalation, and ECMO respectively. The capacity to provide advanced therapies increased with the size of the NDs (P < .01). A total of 81 NDs (69.2%) carried out neonatal transport, but only 70 NDs (86.4%) were equipped with transport incubators, 36 NDs (44.4%) had the ability of performing intrauterine transport of the preterm infants, and 3 NDs (3.7%) had the ability of performing air transport. The survival rate of extremely preterm infants (Gestational age less than 28w) to discharge home was 47.8% in 2011.

Conclusion
NDs in mainland China are not well distributed and still face many problems, such as staff shortage, inadequate facilities, and imperfect transport. It is urgent to set up a classification of neonatal care to enhance the utilization rate of medical resources and improve the prognosis of critically ill infants.
Positive recovery for low-risk injuries screened by the short form - Örebro musculoskeletal pain screening questionnaire following road traffic injury: evidence from an inception cohort study in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Nguyen Ha , Rebbeck Trudy , Kifley Annette , Jagnoor Jagnoor , Dinh Michael , Shetty Amith , Nicholas Michael , Cameron Ian D. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Prognosis of musculoskeletal disorders following injury is essential in determining appropriate treatment and care. A generic validated prognostic tool to stratify risk of poor recovery for people with musculoskeletal injuries after road traffic crash is not available. This study aimed to examine differences in recovery, return to work and health related quality of life between low and high-risk of poor recovery people with musculoskeletal injuries stratified by the Short form - Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (SF-OMPSQ).

Methods
In an inception cohort study, participants with non-fracture musculoskeletal injury with the main site being the neck, lower back or lower limb were stratified into low (score ≤ 50) and high (score > 50) risk of poor recovery using the SF-OMPSQ score at baseline. We assessed the proportion of fully recovered participants (Global Perceived Effect scale ≥4), the proportion returning to work and changes in short form 12-item (SF-12) scores between baseline and 6-month follow-up in low and high-risk groups. Modified Poisson regression was used to estimate the adjusted risk ratio (RR) of being recovered and return to work in the low and high-risk groups. Paired t-test was used to compare changes in SF-12 physical and mental component summary scales, and chi-square test was used to assess the significance of the risk ratio of fully recovered between low and high-risk groups.

Results
The study included 498 participants (166 with neck, 78 with lower back and 254 with lower limb injuries). The proportion of being recovered was significantly higher in the low than the high-risk groups (Adjusted risk ratio: 2.96 [95% CI: 1.81 to 4.82]). Significantly more people in the low-risk group returned to work (91.0%) than the high-risk group (54.6%). People at low-risk had higher SF-12 scores at baseline and 6-month follow-up than those at high-risk. There were no differences between injury types for recovery and return to work at 6 months.

Conclusion
The SF-OMPSQ could be recommended as a generic prognostic tool to identify individuals with musculoskeletal injuries early after road traffic injury, who would have a higher or lower likelihood of recovering or returning fully to pre-injury work.

Trial registration
Australia New Zealand Clinical trial registry identification number - ACTRN12613000889752. Registered 09 August 2013.