bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of [1,2,3]‐Triazolo[5,1‐a]‐isoquinolines through TBAF‐Promoted Cascade Reactions
Authors: Duan Shengguo , Chen Yidian , Meng Hui , Shan Lihong , Xu Ze‐Feng , Li Chuan‐Ying 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF)‐promoted detosylation cyclization cascade was developed for the synthesis of [1,2,3]‐triazolo[5,1‐a]‐isoquinolines. Most of the products were obtained in excellent yields under mild conditions. Valuable halogen‐substituted [1,2,3]‐triazolo[5,1‐a]‐isoquinolines could also be synthesized with a slight modification of the reaction conditions. Functionalized isoquinolines were obtained smoothly by denitrogenative reactions. The control experiments showed that this transformation was facilitated by TBAF and the water contained in the commercially obtained reagent. Deuterium labeling products could also be obtained easily in high yield.
Biodegradable membrane based on polycaprolactone/polybutylene succinate: Characterization and performance evaluation in wastewater treatment
Authors: Sadeghi Azadeh , Mousavi Seyed Mahmoud , Saljoughi Ehsan , Kiani Shirin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBiodegradable membranes with different compositions of polycaprolactone (PCL) and polybutylene succinate (PBS) are prepared via immersion precipitation. The morphology, hydrophilicity, chemical structure, crystalline structure, mechanical properties, and biodegradability of the membranes are studied to assess the effect of PBS concentration in the polymer blend on membrane properties. Furthermore, the performance of the obtained membranes is assessed through the treatment of wastewater sampled from the chips and snacks factory. Also, membranes' antifouling properties are assessed by filtration of a model foulant. The investigations revealed that the addition of PBS to PCL increases the membrane hydrophilicity and biodegradability. Regarding the results, the PCL membrane blended with 30 wt% PBS has 106%, 26%, and 37% higher pure water flux, flux recovery ratio, and permeate flux, in addition to the higher rejection of pollution indices, in comparison with the PCL membrane.
Generation of human scFv–IgG1Fc antibodies for detection of lymphatic filarial recombinant antigens, BmR1 and BmSXP
Authors: Abdo Ahmad Ismail Khaled , Ngoh Ying Yuan , Lew Min Han , Dass Sylvia Annabel , Rahumatullah Anizah , Noordin Rahmah , Tye Gee Jun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLymphatic filariasis is a neglected parasitic disease that affects millions in tropical and subtropical countries and is caused by Wuchereria and Brugia species. Specific and sensitive detection methods are essential in mapping infected areas where rapid tests are needed to cover underdeveloped and remote regions, which facilitates eliminating the disease as a public health problem. A few commercialized rapid tests based on antigen or antibody detection are available, but the former only detects infection by Wuchereria species and cross‐reacts with nonlymphatic filaria, whereas antibody detection might provide positive results of previous infection. Here, we report the production of three different recombinant immunoglobulin gamma (IgG)1 antibodies based on scFvs previously generated via human antibody phage display technology, that is, anti‐BmR1 clone 4, anti‐BmXSP clone 5B, and anti‐BmXSP clone 2H2. The scFv sequences were cloned into a pCMV‐IgG1 vector, then transfected into a HEK293F cell line. The generated antibodies were found to be able to bind to their respective targets even at relatively low concentration. Conjugation of Fc to scFv induces binder stability and provides multiple labeling sites for probes and signaling molecules that can be used in rapid tests.
The effect of different concentrations of cerium oxide during pregnancy on ovarian follicle development in neonatal mice
Authors: Nemati Afsaneh , Beyranvand Fatemeh , Assadollahi Vahideh , Salahshoor Mohammad Reza , Alasvand Masoud , Gholami Mohammad Reza 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesCerium is a member of the rare metals group and widely used in drug delivery, gene therapy, molecular imaging and medicine. In this study, we investigated the effect of different doses of Cerium (IV) oxide (CeO2) during pregnancy on neonatal mice ovaries, as well as its effect on blood biochemical parameters.MethodsThirty pregnant NMRI mice were divided into five groups: Control and 4 groups treated with CeO2 (10, 25, 80, 250 mg/kg.bw i.p) at the GD7 and GD14. The ovarian histological of neonatal (2 and 6 day‐olds), as well as blood serum of neonates at 15‐dpp were analyzed.ResultsCount of ovarian primordial follicles in neonates at 2 dpp showed a significant decrease in the groups treated with 80 and 250 mg/kg.bw doses of CeO2. There was also a significant decrease in ovarian primordial and primary follicles in neonates at 6‐dpp at 250 mg/kg.bw doses of CeO2 in the control (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in serum levels of malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity between the experimental and control groups.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the effects of CeO2 on the ovarian tissue of neonatal mice during pregnancy may be dose‐dependent.
Potential vector switching in the evolution of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus group nematodes (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae)
Authors: Maehara Noritoshi , Kanzaki Natsumi , Aikawa Takuya , Nakamura Katsunori 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTo show the importance of vector switching of nematodes in the evolution of the Bursaphelenchus xylophilus group, we tested a hypothesis that “Bursaphelenchus doui (or its ancestor) was transferred by Acalolepta fraudatrix, Acalolepta sejuncta, and/or Monochamus subfasciatus (or their ancestral species) from broad‐leaved trees to conifers, switched vectors from these cerambycid beetles to Monochamus beetles in conifers, and then evolved into the common ancestor of Bursaphelenchus mucronatus and B. xylophilus.” We used a simple nematode‐loading method to beetles and produced 20 binary combinations of five B. xylophilus group species and four cerambycid beetle species in the tribe Lamiini. The affinity of the nematodes for the beetles was examined based on phoretic stage formation of the nematodes. Phoretic stages of B. doui appeared in all beetle species examined, namely Acalolepta luxuriosa, Psacothea hilaris, A. fraudatrix, and Monochamus alternatus, although the affinity of the nematode for M. alternatus was weak. This finding indicates that B. doui could switch vectors to conifer‐using Monochamus beetles after transfer by A. fraudatrix from broad‐leaved trees to conifers. We conclude that vector switching of nematodes could have potentially happened during the evolutionary history of the B. xylophilus group.
A linguistic analysis of future narratives in adolescents with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome and their pain‐free peers
Authors: Nimbley Emy , Caes Line , Jones Abigail , Fisher Emma , Noel Melanie , Jordan Abbie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundComplex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic pain condition that often develops after injury, with a typical onset in adolescence. The impact of chronic pain is far‐reaching, with many adolescents reporting atypical developmental trajectories compared with peers. Social Comparison Theory offers a framework for understanding how such comparisons influence well‐being, whereby a heightened sense of disparity places adolescents at risk of poor cognitive, affective and social outcomes. Using a novel linguistic analysis programme, this study aims to investigate cognitive, affective and social language used by adolescents with CRPS in comparison to their peers during a task reflecting on their futures.MethodsA story completion task was completed by adolescents with CPRS (n = 49) and adolescents without pain (n = 48). This task involved asking adolescents to describe their imagined future. Narratives were analysed using a novel linguistic analysis programme, focusing on the cognitive, affective and social dimensions.ResultsFindings revealed significant group differences in how adolescents with CRPS described their imagined futures. Adolescents with CRPS used significantly fewer positive affect and more negative affect, anger and sadness words, and greater insight and discrepancy words. No significant groups differences were found for social words.ConclusionsSubstantial differences in cognitive and affective words were found between adolescents with and without CRPS. Findings provide novel insights into current understandings of cognitive, affective and social processes in adolescents living with chronic pain, particularly with regard to adolescent developmental trajectories, and may in turn highlight potential targets in psychosocial interventions for adolescents living with chronic pain.SignificanceSocial comparisons are commonly undertaken by adolescents with CRPS in relation to peers, increasing risk for poor cognitive, affective and social outcomes. Findings promote the potential importance of targeting psychosocial factors in treatments for paediatric chronic pain.
Influence of site–city interaction on the response of structures considering soil stiffness, height, and number of buildings
Authors: Norouzi Amir Hossein , Gerami Mohsen , Vahdani Reza , Sivandi‐Pour Abbas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSimultaneous effects of soil and a number of adjacent structures sitting next to each other is perceived as the site–city interaction (SCI). To better analyze the seismic behavior of the structures, the inclusion of the SCI appears to be essential. Accordingly, the SCI is affected by a number of parameters such as soil profile, urban congestion, as well as dynamic properties of buildings and soil layers. In this study, considering four soil types according to Eurocode8 (EC8) and a series of structures in single and multiple configurations (buildings arranged in 3 × 3 and 5 × 5 groups) representing an ideal city, 3D dynamic analyses were conducted using SASSI2000 software. Then, the acceleration response of the structures placed in the middle of each configuration was compared with that of the single structures to evaluate the influence of soil properties particularly, its stiffness as well as number and height of the structures on the response of the base and top nodes of multi–degree‐of‐freedom structures incorporating the SCI effects. Based on the results, the inclusion of SCI reduced the acceleration values especially at top of the structure (7% and 15% for the bottom and top of the structure on average). In addition, as soil stiffness decreases and the number of buildings increases, the influence of SCI becomes profound. According to the complexities of the SCI, to acquire more accurate results, further parameters such as the type of seismic waves, irregularity of buildings, and faulting mechanism have to be taken into account.
A genome‐wide study of the relationship between chromosomal abnormalities and gene expression in colorectal tumors
Authors: Sugai Tamotsu , Osakabe Mitsumasa , Sugimoto Ryo , Eizuka Makoto , Tanaka Yoshihito , Yanagawa Naoki , Otsuka Koki , Sasaki Akira , Matsumoto Takayuki , Suzuki Hiromu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe role of somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) that occur in colorectal tumors is poorly understood. SCNAs are correlated with corresponding gene expression changes that may contribute to neoplastic progression. Thus, we examined SCNAs and the expression of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) located at corresponding loci in colorectal neoplasia, a progression model of human neoplasm. We used 42 colorectal neoplastic samples, including adenomas, intramucosal cancers (IMC) and invasive colorectal cancers (CRC) that were microsatellite stable (MSS) using a genome‐wide SNP array and gene expression array (first cohort). In addition, validation analyses were examined (37 colorectal neoplasias). None of the mRNAs with a corresponding SCNA was found in the adenomas. However, three mRNAs, including ARFGEF2 at 20q13.13, N4BP2L2 at 13q13.1 and OLFM4 at 13q14.3 with a copy number (CN) gain at the corresponding locus were upregulated in IMCs of the first cohort. Moreover, upregulated expression of ARFGEF2 and OLFM4 was upregulated in the validation analysis. Finally, 28 mRNAs with gains of corresponding loci were pooled in invasive CRC of the first cohort. The mRNAs, including ACSS2 (20q11.22), DDX27 (20q13.13), MAPRE1 (20q11.21), OSBPL2 (20q11.22) and PHF20 (20q11.22‐q11.23) with CN gains of the corresponding loci were identified in 28 mRNAs. Four of these mRNAs (DDX27, MAPRE1, OSBPL2 and PHF20) were upregulated in the invasive CRC in the validation analysis. We conclude that specific 13q and 22q CN gains with gene expression changes in the corresponding loci may play an important role in IMC cells' progression into invasive CRC.
Agricultural production efficiency of Indian states: Evidence from data envelopment analysis
Authors: R. L. Manogna , Mishra Aswini Kumar 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to provide an analysis of the agricultural productivity of food grains across the states of India. Despite agriculture's diminishing role as a share of overall gross domestic product (GDP) in India, it plays a crucial role by providing a large proportion of jobs to the workforce. Acknowledging the central role of agriculture in the economy as well as the diversity between the states in terms of availability of resources, this study analyses the impact of various inputs like land area, fertilizers, electricity and labour use on the production efficiency of food grains at the state level from 2006 to 2017 using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). The results highlight the variation in the performance of states with five out of selected 20 states experiencing efficiency under the CCR model of DEA and nine out of 20 states being efficient under the BCC model of DEA. MPI results indicate that 11 out of 20 states have progressed in terms of MPI during the period under consideration. The paper highlights the possibility of increasing agricultural production with optimizing the inputs by focusing on efficient resource deployment and enhanced production management. The paper investigates the relationship between various agricultural inputs and food grain production efficiency using DEA and provides a way to improve on the allocation of these resources across various Indian states.
Preparation of a novel bovine cancellous bone/poly‐amino acid composite with low immunogenicity, proper strength, and cytocompatibility in vitro
Authors: Luo Lin , Li Shuyang , Ji Mizhi , Ding Zhengwen , Yan Yonggang , Yin Jie , Xiong Yi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this work, the delipidized and deproteinized bovine cancellous bone powder/poly–amino acid (DDBP/PAA) composite was fabricated by extrusion‐injection molding method for the first time. After about 70% clearance rate by the delipidization and deproteinization procedures, the residual antigens of galactosyl α–(1, 3)–galactosyl β–1,4–N–aeetylglueosaminyl (α–Gal) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II were basically eliminated by the extrusion–injection molding process, which may cause high titer of antibody and lead to hyperacute rejection or chronic immune toxicity. Meanwhile, the natural BMP II and apatite in bovine bone were kept in DDBP/PAA composite. After 26 weeks of immersion in simulated body fluid, the DDBP/PAA composite remained the intact appearance, 96.4% of weight, and 69.2% of compressive strength, and these showed sufficient degradation stability. The composite also exhibited excellent attachment and proliferation abilities of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs). The results herein suggested that the DDBP/PAA composite was expected to be a load–bearing transplant with some natural ingredients for hard tissue repair.
A novel p.Gly417Valfs*12 mutation in the MTTP gene causing abetalipoproteinemia: Presentation of the first patient in Mexico and analysis of the previously reported cases
Authors: Rodríguez Gutiérrez Perla Graciela , González García Juan Ramón , Castillo De León Yolanda Alicia , Zárate Guerrero Juan Rafael , Magaña Torres María Teresa 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundOur aims were to describe the first Mexican patient with abetalipoproteinemia and to perform a comparative analysis of biochemical, clinical, and genetic characteristics of 100 cases reported in the literature.MethodsWe performed biochemical and molecular screenings in a Mexican girl with extremely low lipid levels and in her family. Further, we integrated and evaluated the characteristics of the cases with abetalipoproteinemia described in the literature.ResultsOur patient is a six‐year‐old girl who presented vomiting, chronic diarrhea, failure to thrive, malabsorption, acanthocytosis, anemia, transaminases elevation, and extremely low lipid levels. MTTP gene sequencing revealed homozygosity for a novel mutation p.Gly417Valfs*12 (G deletion c.1250). With the analysis of the reported cases, 60 clinical features (14 classical and 46 non‐classical) were observed, being the most common acanthocytosis (57.5%), malabsorption (43.7%), and diarrhea (42.5%); 48.8% of the patients presented only classic clinical features, while the remaining 51.2% developed secondary effects due to a fat‐soluble vitamin deficiency. An odds ratio analysis disclosed that patients diagnosed after 10 years of age have an increased risk for presenting clinical complications (OR = 18.0; 95% CI 6.0‐54.1, p < 0.0001). A great diversity of mutations in MTTP has been observed (n = 76, being the most common p.G865X and p.N139_E140) and some of them with possible residual activity.ConclusionThe first Mexican patient with abetalipoproteinemia presents a novel MTTP mutation p.Gly417Valfs*12. Three factors that could modulate the phenotype in abetalipoproteinemia were identified: age at diagnosis, treatment, and the causal mutation.
Preoperative decolonization and periprosthetic joint infections—A randomized controlled trial with 2‐year follow‐up
Authors: Rohrer Felix , Wendt Malte , Noetzli Hubert , Risch Lorenz , Bodmer Thomas , Cottagnoud Philippe , Hermann Tanja , Limacher Andreas , Gahl Brigitta , Bruegger Jan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPreoperative decolonization, especially of Staphylococcus aureus carriers, has been proposed to reduce periprosthetic joint infections (PJI), but the evidence‐based consensus is still lacking and data on long‐term outcomes is scarce. In a previous randomized, single‐blinded trial, decolonization produced no significant reduction of surgical site infections in overall elective orthopedic surgery at 3‐month follow‐up. A 2‐year follow‐up was then performed to specifically detect the impact of decolonization on delayed‐onset PJI (3–24 months after surgery). Between November 2015 and September 2017, 613 of 1318 recruited patients underwent prosthetic surgery. Individuals were allocated into either the S. aureus carrier group (34%, 207 of 613 patients) or the noncarrier group (406 of 613 patients), according to nasal swab screening results. Both groups were then randomized into intervention and control arms. In the S. aureus group, the intervention consisted of daily chlorhexidine showers and application of mupirocin nasal ointment twice a day for 5 days before surgery. In noncarriers, only chlorhexidine showers were prescribed. Sample size calculation was based on the initial trial for overall and not for the prosthetic surgery group. No PJI was found at 2 years in either the carrier or in the noncarrier group. Therefore, no definite conclusion about the efficacy of preoperative decolonization to reduce PJI can be drawn. PJI proportions in this study were lower than described in the literature (mostly around 0.3%). Despite the insufficient sample size, this trial is the largest randomized trial on decolonization with a long‐term follow‐up, and results may be helpful for future meta‐analyses.
Relationship between Branched Structure and Viscoelastic Properties of Highly Branched Polyethylene Derived by Monte Carlo Molecular Simulation and the BoB‐Rheology Simulation Methods
Authors: Kitade Shinichi , Yokomizo Katsuyuki , Hattori Takaaki , Tobita Hidetaka 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this report, it is verified by the simulation what kind of difference can be caused in the molecular structure and the viscoelastic property by the difference in the manufacturing process of the high‐pressure low density polyethylene, that is, autoclave (or vessel) process and tubular process. The Monte Carlo simulation developed by Tobita is used as the molecular structure simulation. The molecular simulation is performed assuming a five tanks‐in‐series model, which allows one to investigate a wide variety of reactor operations, from the condition closer to the tubular process to the autoclave processes systematically. The branched structure is quantitatively evaluated by the parameter known as priority and seniority (segment depth). The viscoelastic simulation is based on the branch‐on‐branch rheology (BoB‐rheology) model developed by McLeish et al. It is found that the long‐chain branched structure of the molecule becomes more complicated in the autoclave process, and then, the strain hardening property of extensional viscosity becomes larger than that for the tubular process.
Controlled scalable synthesis of yolk‐shell antimony with porous carbon anode for superior Na‐ion storage
Authors: Dashairya Love , Das Debasish , Jena Sambedan , Mitra Arijit , Saha Partha 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAntimony (Sb) anodes explored for high energy density sodium cells are prone to rapid capacity decay during (de)alloying owing to reversible phase transformation (Sb⇌Na3Sb) induced volume expansion necessitates rationale materials and electrode design. Herein, we design a yolk‐shell structure where surfactant‐stabilized and pH modulated Sb nanoparticles (SbNPs) are carefully coated with Stöber silica and resorcinol‐formaldehyde resin at room temperature. Upon pyrolysis under argon followed by careful etching of the intermediate layer from Sb@SiO2@C double core‐shell leads to the formation of Sb@void@C yolk‐shell possessing SbNPs confined within mesoporous conductive carbon shells with sufficient void space allowing Sb to realize its full potential and display superior sodium storage behavior. Moreover, binder‐free electrodes fabricated by electrophoretic deposition deliver superior performance in a sodium cell with improved rate capability. A full cell fabricated with Prussian blue type NaxFe[Fe(CN)6] cathode paired with Sb@void@PC anode delivers a practical energy density of ∼142 Whkg–1 operating at ∼1.95 V. The favorable results of yolk‐shell Sb@void@C anodes in sodium‐ion battery demonstrate the structural superiority for future energy storage applications