bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The functions of government regulation in the field of ensuring information security
Authors: Yakovlev Pavlo 
Published: June 2020

The article covers the functions of government regulation in the field of information security on the basis of generalizing the results of scientific development of functioning public administration system, as well as the analysis of the provisions of the Doctrine of Information Security of Ukraine. It is noted that regulation and administration as social phenomena, having a common scope, affect differently the objects of administration in order to achieve particular results, i.e. the realization of set goals and targets of administrative influence.
The classification of functions of government regulation in the field of information security, depending on their content, is proposed. In particular, the article discloses the essence of the following functions: of organizational support, of legal support, of information support, of logistical and financial support, of state control, of rapid response to offences in the field of information security, of creating conditions for the formation of a secure information space in Ukraine, of ensuring openness and transparency of the state to the citizens, of forming a positive international image of Ukraine.
In addition, it is proposed to classify the functions of government regulation in the field of information security by origin of respective threats into internal functions and external ones, and by rapidness of response to threats in the field of information security into permanent functions and operational ones.
It is substantiated that at the present stage of state-building in Ukraine, government regulation in the field of ensuring information security is multifunctional activity, which is caused by a wide range of information security threats and the need for adequate state response to each of the threats to the information environment. The only basic program document defining the main functions of government regulation in the field of ensuring information security is the Doctrine of Information Security of Ukraine, approved by the Decree of the President of Ukraine. The application of the provisions of the said document allows to distinguish the proposed features. However, the status of their normative definition remains unsatisfactory and their regulation needs to be specified in view of the legislative provisions determining the status of the institutions that implement them.
Improving administrative-legal protection of dendrological parks in Ukraine
Authors: Rodik Tetiana 
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of administrative-legal protection of dendrological parks and its peculiarities as well as identifications of drawbacks in this sort of legal regulations. We also target at the ways to improve legal reglamentation of dendrological parks’ protection.
Only effective legal protection enables adequate functioning of dendrological parks as nature conservational, recreational, cultural, educational, and research institutions.
On having analysed the peculiarities of the administrative-legal protection of dendrological parks we draw attention to the fact that national legislation does operate neither the definitions for the term «administrative-legal protection of dendrological parks» nor for a more generic one «legal protection of dendrological parks». There are no principles, ideas or peculiarities for the legal protection of dendrological parksas unique research institutions and valuable natural areas. We consider this fact a drawback in the legal regulation of such territories functioning.
We have analyzed national legislation and juridical literature to define the meaning of the categories «legal protection of dendrological parks» and «administrative – legal protection of dendrological parks» to determine the ways to improve legal administrative protection of dendrological parks.
This article presents the research into the legislative base of dendrological parks functioning, which proved to be thoroughly developed although having some controversies. The system of state administration is ineffective in our country.
There is a range of issues, which do not permit to develop a clear administrative vector for such a category of the nature reserve fund. We can single out institutional dispersion among dendrological parks, some collisions in legislative acts. Moreover, bodies of state policy on nature reserve fund combine several functions: monitoring, managing, and economic activity.
The conclusions include the problems, which prevent the adequate realization of the administrative-legal protection of dendrological parks. We also develop ways to improve legal administrative protection of dendrological parks.
Simplified Procedure in Civil Proceedings in Different European Countries: Comparing Study
Authors: Korol Denys 
Published: June 2020

In this article the simplified civil proceedings were analyzed as one of the most current discussion. Its characterization and difference from general action proceeding are debatable issues that need attention and in-depth study, especially in Ukraine, where the differentiation of action proceedings was first introduced in 2017.
This background requires the comparing research of the doctrine and legislative of European countries such as Germany, Lithuania, Poland, Spain and France, which have been selected for comparison, as well as the European Small Claims Procedure, which has been in existence alongside national small dispute resolution procedures for over ten years.
The most generalizable features that appear to be inherent in any simplification of court proceedings were studied, in particular, the time frames for simplified litigation, whether or not to hold hearings, the possibility of appeal and mandatory representation in these proceedings.
In conclusion, it was noted that the elements of simplifying the procedure for small cases resolution in Ukraine and in other European countries generally coincide. Among the similarity there are the features of securing the right to an oral or public court hearing on the case, a certain limitation of the right to appeal the decision in the case, the absence of compulsory representation, even in the conditions of compulsory representation of the parties in court by a lawyer. At the same time, the lack of standardized forms of appeal to the court in the simplified procedure, as well as the approaches to the procedure of the choice of the procedure of the case - are excluded by the parties, both in the European Small Claims Procedure and in Germany, to the excluded right of a judge to decide this issue. how it is envisaged in Lithuania. It is useful to borrow, in our opinion, the experience of Spain and France, in which the collection of small debts is the responsibility of the bailiff and the notary. Thus, a comprehensive mechanism for dealing with small or small matters should be established and maintained in the state.
Judicial protection of several legitimate environmental interests as a way to prevent violations of environmental security
Authors: Yevstihnieiev Andrii 
Published: June 2020

The article analyzes the status and prospects of judicial protection of environmental legitimate interests, analyzes the provisions of the relevant current procedural legislation, proposes the formulation of two environmental interests, the protection of which can make it possible to prevent violations of environmental safety.
It is concluded that full implementation of judicial protection of selected environmental legitimate interests as an effective preventive mechanism in the investigated field may be exercised under the terms of the applicable version of procedural law.
It is substantiated that the current law in the field of justice defines legitimate interests as the objects of court protection. Moreover the official understanding of the term "legitimate interest" was given by the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in 2004 in its decision from 01, December, 2004 № 18-рп/2004.
Despite of this this, it is noted that national courts rarely protect environmental interests directly. This is due to the absence of clear criteria for identifying legitimate environmental interests which are not explicitly enshrined in legislation. Therefore, in the absence of a proper tradition of protecting legitimate environmental interests, courts seek to protect specific environmental rights which are rather detailed specifies in current legislation.
Such a situation impedes the fulfillment of the main objective of the legal regulation of public relations for ensuring ecological security, which is to prevent possible violations in the form of harm to life or human health.
In case of full implementation the practice of full protection of legitimate environmental interests (which is formally permitted by the applicable procedural legislation), the protection of such interests will be exercised until the right to environmental safety is violated, so such violations will be prevented.
Problems of determining a foreign element in dispute resolution in international commercial arbitration
Authors: Nahnybida Volodymyr 
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the problems of determining the arbitrability of disputes submitted for consideration and resolution to international commercial arbitration in terms of the presence or absence of a foreign element in such disputes. The theoretical foundations of the concept of a foreign element, arbitrability, criteria for determining the competence of international commercial arbitration regarding the resolution of a dispute are analyzed in detail. Also, the article, through the prism of the provisions of the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration, substantiates the need to improve article 1 of the Law of Ukraine «On International Commercial Arbitration». Based on theoretical and regulatory sources, court practice, the author concludes that it is necessary to supplement the provisions of the Law with norms on the possibility of transferring international commercial disputes to which individual entrepreneurs, states are parties, as well as disputes in which the place of fulfillment of a significant part of the obligations and the place with which the dispute is most closely related located in a country other than the place where the parties engaged in commercial activities.
The author also points out that the mechanism for determining the presence of a foreign element in assessing international commercial disputes in accordance with the provisions of the current legislation does not fully comply with international standards enshrined in UN acts. Now the provisions of the Law of Ukraine «On International Commercial Arbitration» require additions both in terms of the subject composition (individual entrepreneurs, foreign states), and by other criteria, including the place of fulfillment of a significant part of the obligations and the place with which the dispute is most closely connected. Direct work is currently underway to improve the relevant provisions, in the near future they will be submitted to parliament for consideration and adoption.
The Impact of Extra-Legal Factors on Adjudication: Theoretical and Practical Aspects
Authors: Shevchuk Vitalii 
Published: June 2020

Adjudication is a complex and multifaceted process that involves not only legal but also personal and psychological aspects. In a combination, they can be regarded as the extra-legal affect on specific categories of cases. The issue under studies is relatively new in present-day Ukraine. However, this field of scientific research originated in America at the end of the XIX century. Although it has lost its relevance, today, this issue is gaining popularity again, particularly in the works by both national and foreign scholars, who directly or indirectly reveal it.
The article under discussion presents the analysis of theories, developed by national and foreign authors. These works trace the tendency to identify the factors that may affect the judges’ decision-making process, both directly (legal experience; political predisposition; intellectual and temperamental traits) and indirectly (overall erudition; family and personal associations, social status).What is more, the author of the article has identified two possible options for a judge to make a decision - by justice and by law. They are by no means related to each other, since not all the decisions, made in compliance with the law, are fair, whereas it is much easier to make fair decisions conform to the letter of the law.
This research is based on the materials of study carried out in 1914-1916 regarding some New York City magistrate judges, who made different decisions on similar categories of cases. Such a discrepancy again outlines the boundaries of individual relationships that affect the administration of justice.
In addition to the above, the theoretical material, outlined in the article, is rests on the examples from the court records of Canada and Ukraine. This made it possible to prove and realize that such extra-legal impact does exist today and is ruining the judicial system from inside.Besides, the investigation reveals the ECHR’s position on the issue under study. Relying on specific examples, we have pointed out various manifestations of judges’ bias. In those cases, they were driven by personal views and motives, which, in turn, influenced their final decisions, the latter being subsequently challenged.
Efisiensi dan Efektivitas Lembaga Amil Zakat Nasional
Authors: Burhanudin Muhammad , Indrarini Rachma 
Published: June 2020

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan jumlah penduduk terbesar di dunia. Namun, penduduknya masih banyak yang tergolong miskin dan menjadi perhatian pemerintah untuk meminimalisir angka kemiskinan. Di sisi lain, Indonesia memiliki penduduk dengan mayoritas beragama islam terbesar. Hal ini merupakan peluang dalam mengoptimalkan peran zakat, infak, dan sedekah sebagai instrument fiskla islam dalam upaya menanggulangi masalah kemiskinan di masyarakat. Sebab itu perlu adanya lembaga pengelola untuk menghimpun dan menyalurkan dana ZIS masyarakat yang efisien dan efektif. Dengan ini, pentingnya pengukuran tingkat efisiensi dan efektivitas lembaga amil dalam pengelolaan dana ZIS. Pada penelitian ini, pengukuran efisiensi menggunakan metode Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) dengan pendekatan intermediasi, asumsi CRS berorientasi input dan untuk mengukur efektivitas amil menggunakan rasio Allocation to Collection Ratio (ACR). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa LAZNAS Inisiatif Zakat Indonesia mengalami kinerja inefisiensi pada tahun 2016 sebesar 69,29% sedangkan pada tahun 2017 dan tahun 2018 mengalami efisiensi sempurna 100%. Untuk pengukuran tingkat efektivitasnya pada tahun 2016 mendapatkan skor 51% dan tahun 2017 mendapatkan skor 92%, serta tahun 2018 memperoleh skor 96%.
Optimalisasi Teknologi Komunikasi Informasi Command Center Bagi Efektifitas Tenaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Kecamatan
Authors: Rachman Rio Febriannur 
Published: June 2020

Surabaya memiliki banyak persoalan Penyandang Masalah Kesejahteraan Sosial (PMKS). Keberadaan Tenaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Kecamatan (TKSK) atau sukarelawan sosial yang dibentuk oleh Kementerian Sosial memiliki peran sentral dalam pemberantasan persoalan ini. Pada 2016, saat Command Center 112 diluncurkan Pemerintah Kota Surabaya, dengan pemanfaatan teknologi komunikasi dan informasi, TKSK juga diberi akses untuk bisa menerima informasi dari sana. Yang menarik, TKSK di setiap kecamatan memiliki hubungan baik dengan yang ada di kecamatan lainnya. Jadi, mereka bisa saling membantu saat menjalankan tugas.

Kata Kunci: Teknologi, Komunikasi, Sukarelawan, Pemerintah Kota Surabaya
A Semiotic on the Headlines of Political Party’s Advertisements in Jakarta Post
Authors: Bahri Syaiful 
Published: June 2020

Language has a vital function in many different aspects such as social, military, economic, and even politics. Advertisement functions as media of promotion in transferring particular message from advertisers as the addressors to consumers as a target of the advertisement. The messages are meant to persuade consumers or people to choose a certain political party promoting its vision and mission. In addition, an advertisement covers all aspects of life as displayed in newspaper, television, direct mail, radio, magazines, internet and billboards.mIn this case, people can build a social community and use language as a means of delivering messages. This discusses one of the elements of political field as a subject matter of the discussion, the advertisements of political party in particular. In making advertisement, the political parties have to be creative in order to attract people‘s attention. With reference to the discussion of this research, the writer analyzes the advertisements of political parties major mass media.
PENERAPAN ACTIVE LEARNING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PAI
Authors: Zaman Badrus 
Published: June 2020

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to describe the application of the active learning approach in inviting students to be able to think critically, be more creative, able to take roles, and be able to apply them. The research model is library research, research data from primary sources and secondary data. Then the data is processed by concept analysis. The conclusion of this study in the learning of PAI needs to be built an atmosphere such as encouraging learning is very important to attract students' interest in absorbing and interpreting the lessons that have been delivered by educators. Contextualizing the PAI material with other materials will make the students' understanding more comprehensive and integrate it with other subjects that can be easily understood. When a student understands the material received, the educator can ensure that the student is able to contextualize the material. Creativity and foresight of educators on social and cultural conditions must be able to illustrate the PAI material so that the material does not seem outdated and can be applied in appropriate conditions and conditions. This is also to facilitate students in understanding the material and its implementation in real life.
Keywords: Implementation of Active Learning, PAI Learning

Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memaparkan penerapan pendekatan active learning dalam mengajak peserta didik untuk mampu berpikir kritis, lebih kreatif, mampu mengambil peran, dan mampu menerapkannya. Model penelitian ini adalah library-research, data penelitian dari sumber primer dan data sekunder. Kemudaian data-data ini diolah degan analisa konsep. Kesimpulan peneletian ini dalam pembelajaran PAI perlu dibangun suasana seperti pembelajaran yang menggembirakan sangat penting untuk menarik minat peserta didik dalam menyerap dan menginterpretasikan pelajaran yang telah disampaikan oleh pendidik. Dengan mengkontekstualkan materi PAI dengan materi yang lain, akan membuat pemahaman peserta didik menjadi lebih menyeluruh dan mengintegrasikannya dengan mata pelajaran lain yang dapat dengan mudah untuk dipahami. Ketika seorang peserta didik memahami materi yang diterima, maka pendidik bisa memastikan bahwa peserta didik tersebut mampu mengkontekstualkan materi tersebut. Kreativitas dan kejelian pendidik terhadap kondisi sosial dan budaya, harus mampu mengilustrasikan materi PAI agar materi tidak terkesan ketinggalan zaman dan mampu diterapkan dalam keadaan dan kondisi yang sesuai. Hal ini juga untuk memudahkan peserta didik dalam pemahaman materi serta implementasinya dalam kehidupan nyata.
Kata Kunci: Penerapan Active Learning, Pembelajaran PAI
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN MENURUT PEMIKIRAN KH. HASYIM ASY’ARI
Authors: Lbs Mukhlis 
Published: June 2020

Abstract: The aim of this research is to look at the thoughts of the founder of NU KH. Hasyim Ash'ari on the concept of education so that it can be obtained comprehensively. This research model is carried out using a library-research approach, in collecting data carried out by collecting references on the topic being studied, tracing the work of the character being studied, and looking for the work of other parties with regard to the thought of Hadratus Shaykh Hasyim Asy'ari ideologically, social, cultural and religious. The research data consisted of primary sources and secondary data. After the research data has been collected, it is processed by reading and classifying its contents, then data interpretation is carried out through the content of ideas or concept analysis. The findings in this research are that KH. Hasyim Ash'ari on the concept of education: First, it is seen from the aspect of the relationship between science and religion that cannot be separated. Secondly, education must contain moral values through aesthetic values with sufistic breath. Third, applying the principles of ahl as-Sunnah wa al-Jamaah (tawazun, tawassuth, ta‘adul and tasamuh) in the implementation of education.
Keywords: KH. Hasyim Ash'ari, Thought, Education

Abstrak: Penelitian ini tujuannya melihat pemikiran pendiri NU KH. Hasyim Asy’ari terhadap konsep pendidikan sehingga dapat diperoleh dengan komprehensif. Model penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kepustakaan (library-research), dalam pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan rujukan mengenai topik yang sedang kaji, menelusuri karya tokoh yang sedang diteliti, dan mencari karya pihak lain yang berkenaan dengan pemikiran Hadratus Syaikh Hasyim Asy’ari secara ideologis, sosial, kultural dan keagamaan. Data penelitian terdiri dari sumber primer dan data sekunder. Setelah dikumpulkan data penelitian diolah dengan dibaca dan diklasifikasikan isinya, selanjutnya dilakukan interpretasi data melalui isi gagasan atau analisa konsep (conten analysis).Temuan dalam penelitia ini bahwa pemikiran KH. Hasyim Asy’ari terhadap konsep pendidikan: Pertama, dilihat dari aspek hubungan ilmu dan agama yang tidak bisa dipisahkan. Kedua, pendidikan harus memuat nilai-nilai moral melalui nilai-nilai estetis yang bernafaskan sufistik. Ketiga, menerapkan prinsip-prinsip ahl as-Sunnah wa al-Jamaah (tawazun, tawassuth, ta‘adul dan tasamuh) dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan.
Kata kunci: KH. Hasyim Asy’ari, Pemikiran, Pendidikan
Efektivitas Isolat Trichoderma Spp. dalam Pengendalian Penyakit Akar Gada (Plasmodiaphora Brassicae Wor.) Pada Sawi Hijau (Brassica Rapa)
Authors: Pandawani Ni Putu , Widnyana I Ketut , Sumantra I Ketut 
Published: June 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas dosis dan usia biakan dari isolat Trichoderma spp. dalam pengendalain penyakit akar gada pada tanaman sawi. RAK Faktorial digunakan pada penelitian dengan 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah dosisdari isolat Trichoderma spp. yang terdiri dari 3 level dosis, yaitu 500 ml; 250 ml dan 0 ml. Faktor kedua adalah usia biakan dari isolate Trichoderma spp. yang terdiri dari 3 lever usia biakan isolate Trichoderma spp yaitu usia biakan 1 minggu; usia biakan 2 minggu dan usia biakan 3 minggu. Pada tanaman sawi yang terinfeksi penyakit akar gada, perlakuan beberapa dosis isolat Trichoderma spp. dan perlakuan beberapa usia biakan dari Trichoderma spp. memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap variabel tinggi tanaman sawi, daun tanaman sawi dan persentase penyakit. Perlakuan dari isolat Trichoderma spp. dosis 500 ml menghasilkan tinggi tanaman 21,68% dan daun tanaman 26,63 % lebih tinggi secara nyata dibandingkan dengan tinggi tanaman dan daun pada perlakuan tanpa pemberian isolat Trichoderma spp. Perlakuan dari isolat Trichoderma spp. dengan usia biakan 2 minggu, menghasilkan tinggi tanaman 12,80 % dan daun 16,04% nyata lebih tinggi, dibandingkan dengan tinggi dan daun tanaman pada perlakuan isolat Trichoderma spp. usia biakan 1 minggu . Persentase penyakit akar gada pada tanaman sawi pada perlakuan kombinasai isolat Trichoderma spp. dosis biakan 500 ml dan usia biakan isolat Trichoderma spp 2 minggu, mencapai 0 %, yang berarti tanpa adanya serangan penyakit akar gada