bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Pregnancy Affect Refractive and Corneal Stability or Corneal Epithelial Remodeling After Myopic LASIK?
Authors: Kanellopoulos Anastasios John , Vingopoulos Filippos 
Published: February 2020

PURPOSE:
To investigate possible refractive changes in pregnant women who have previously undergone myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

METHODS:
This prospective study included 64 pregnant women (128 eyes) who had previously undergone bilateral myopic LASIK. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), spherical equivalent, corneal keratometry, topography and tomography, and epithelial mapping were evaluated before LASIK, 12 months after LASIK, during the third trimester of pregnancy, and 1 year postpartum.

RESULTS:
The average age at the time of recruitment was 32.5 ± 5 years (range: 24.5 to 39.5 years). The evaluation during pregnancy was at an average 55 months (range: 12 to 108 months) from the initial LASIK procedure. The preoperative mean refractive error was −6.72 ± 2.96 diopters (D) (range: −1.00 to −11.00 D). Comparing 12-month refractive data after the original LASIK procedure to the those within the third trimester of the subsequent pregnancy, the average UDVA was 20/18, the residual refractive error was −0.63 ± 1.00 to −0.51 ± 0.82 D, the steepest keratometry value was 40.85 ± 1.89 to 40.88 ± 2.84 D, and the central epithelial thickness was 56.4 ± 3.89 to 57.38 ± 5.04 µm, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this study, pregnancy did not affect the refractive stability of LASIK. Pregnancy-related changes in refractive error, corneal stability, and total corneal and epithelial thickness in women after LASIK were not found to be statistically significant.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2022;36(2):118–122.]
Modification of Rust Layer on Carbon Steel with Reactive Actions of Metallic Cations for Improved Corrosion Protectiveness
Authors: Kim Kyung-Tae , Tsuchiya Hiroaki , Hanaki Koushu , Yamashita Masato , Fujimoto Shinji 
Published: February 2020

In the present work, the modification of a rust layer on a carbon steel surface was examined during a cyclic corrosion test. The rust layer grown in a coastal region of Japan was used as a model rust layer. The x-ray diffraction analysis of the model rust layer revealed that the layer consisted of α-FeOOH, β-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, and Fe3O4. During the cyclic corrosion test, an additional immersion of the surface in solutions containing metal cations such as Mg2+, Al3+, Cu2+, or Ni2+ was performed. The additional immersion in the cation-containing solutions modified the model rust layer, that is, the fraction of stable α-FeOOH increased in the rust layer. Furthermore, the modification of the model rust layer could suppress the corrosion of steel. The decreased corrosion rate was attributed to the suppressed cathodic reduction of the rust layers due to the presence of the stable α-FeOOH in the rust layers.
Men and women with chronic insomnia disorder and OSAS: Different responses to CPAP
Authors: Loução-de-Amorim Isabel , Bentes Carla , Peralta Ana Rita 
Published: February 2020

Objective To evaluate the response to CPAP in patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID) with OSAS in an unselected patient population including all OSAS severity groups. As a secondary objective, we also wanted to evaluate the differences between patients that improve insomnia symptoms with CPAP and patients that do not improve, specifically evaluating possible gender differences.
Methods Retrospective study of patients with a diagnosis of OSAS treated with CPAP and CID at the first clinical visit, selected from a database of an outpatient sleep clinic of University Hospital.
Results From a database of total of 827 patient, 90 patients were identified with OSAS and CID (53.3% women). Middle / moderate OSAS was diagnosed in 68.9% and severe OSA in 31.1%. Most patients (61.1%) improved insomnia symptoms after CPAP therapy. In the responders group, 58.2% had initial insomnia, 63.6% middle insomnia and 12.7% late insomnia. Responders to CPAP were more frequently women (women 61.8%, men 38.2%, p = 0.035) and there was no other difference between responders and non-responders. On subgroup analysis, this difference was significant only in severe OSAS (women 88.9%, men 31.6%, p = 0.013).
Conclusion In most patients with CID and OSA, there is a consistent reduction of insomnia symptoms with the CPAP use. This factor emphasizes the importance of performing PSG in CID. Insomnia in men with severe OSAS responds less frequently to CPAP suggesting that in these cases the insomnia phenotype is less dependent on the respiratory symptoms.
El reconocimiento del perjuicio ecológico en derecho francés
Authors: Hasnaoui Chahinaze Sarah 
Published: February 2020

Se analiza el reconocimiento del perjuicio ecológico en Francia como resultado de un largo proceso deconstrucción jurisprudencial y doctrinal. Para ello se toma como punto de partida el desastre del Erika, un petrolero cargado de 31 000 toneladas de fuel que se partió en las aguas bretonas, causando una marea negra que alcanzó más de 400 kilómetros de costafrancesa. Se estudian las distintas decisiones de los tribunales implicados en el juicio de esta catástrofe y las distinciones que se establecen entre perjuicios subjetivos (intereses patrimoniales y extrapatrimoniales de las personas) y objetivos (daños al ambiente natural).
The recognitionof the ecologic damage in France is analysed as a result longprocessof jurisprudential and doctrinal construction. For that, the Erika disasteris taken as a starting point, an oil tanker loaded with 31,000 tons of fuel which broke offin Breton waters, causing an oil slick which affected more than 400 kilometres of French coast.The different court’sdecision involved in the trial of this catastrophe, as well as the difference established between subjective damages (patrimonial and extra patrimonialinterest of the people) and objective damage (environmental damage)have been studied.
El discurso normativo de la RAE en Twitter
Authors: Rizzo María Florencia 
Published: February 2020

El trabajo analiza, desde el enfoque glotopolítico, la sección de consultas lingüísticas que brinda la RAE en Twitter como un nuevo dispositivo de normatividad, resultado tanto de requerimientos específicos que impone esta plataforma de comunicación como de decisiones glotopolíticas al servicio del proyecto panhispánico. Inicialmente, se presentará el marco donde se inscribe esta acción de intervención de la RAE, la política lingüística panhispánica, consignando las principales investigaciones críticas sobre el tema; luego se describirán las características de los materiales que son objeto de estudio; a continuación, se analizarán en una selección de tuits los rasgos enunciativos del locutor y del destinatario, así como del discurso normativo que aquel produce; finalmente, se examinarán algunos criterios normativos adoptados por la institución en interacciones con usuarios.
The work analyzes, from the glottopolitical approach, the section of linguistic consultations provided by the RAE on Twitter as a new device of normativity, resulting both from specific requirements imposed by this communication platform and from glottopolitical decisions at the service of the pan-Hispanic project. At first, it will be present the framework where this action of intervention of the RAE is inscribed, the pan-Hispanic language policy, recording the main critical research on the subject; then it will describe the characteristics of the materials that are the object of study; also it will analyze the declarative features of the speaker and the recipient in a selection of tweets, as well as the normative discourse that the institution produces; finally, some normative criteria adopted by the institution in interactions with users will be examined.
Implementing DORA
Authors: Ruud Kenneth , Lieungh Erik 
Published: February 2020

In this episode, we try to explain what The Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA) is, and what happens after you have signed the declaration.
Kenneth Ruud, Deputy Vice Chancellor of Research at UiT The Arctic University of Norway gives us an insight into how this declaration will change his organization and what challenges they are facing. The host of this episode is Erik Lieungh.
UiT was one of the first institutions to sign the declaration. 743 organizations and 13184 have signed it as of December 2018, and you can find everyone here. You can find the full declaration here.
This episode was first published 27 November 2018.
Improving Research Impact
Authors: Van den Brekel Guus , Lieungh Erik 
Published: February 2020

How can your research impact others outside academia and how do you measure it? In this episode, we discuss the topic of Research Impact – and how to improve it. Our Guest is Guus van den Brekel, medical Information specialist at the University Medical Center at the University of Groningen, in the Netherlands. The host of the podcast is Erik Lieungh.
This episode was first published 25 February 2019.
Evaluation of Some Heavy Metals in Soils around Major Parks in Gombe Town, Nigeria
Authors: Magaji Buhari , L. Danbature Wilson , Shehu Zaccheus , M. Sani Mukhtar , M. Sani Abdu , Abubakar Abdulkadir 
Published: February 2020

The levels of heavy metals (Mn, Ni, Pb, Cr, Zn and Fe in mg/kg) in roadside soils from two main motor parks (Gombe Terminus and Tashan Dukku) in Gombe, Nigeria were assessed with respect to distance from the motor parks. The metals concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results show that iron had the highest concentration in all the soils and can be represented in the following order: Fe > Zn > Pb > Ni > Mn > Cr. The heavy metals concentrations were found to be higher in the roadside soils as compared with the control samples. Thus, the metals concentrations decrease with increase in distance away from the parks.
Assessment of Species Diversity and Forest Regeneration Potentiality in Buruku Forest Reserve, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: I. Sodimu A. , A. Suleiman R. , Maikano S. , L. Lapkat G. 
Published: February 2020

Species diversity and forest regeneration potentiality in Buruku Forest Reserve was assessed. Four (4) plots (A–D) of 60 m x 60 m were laid in each plot. Point centred quadrant method of sampling was used. Transect were selected on pure random basis where data were collected on species diversity and families, density of woody stem, diameter class distribution, regeneration potentials and relative frequency. 21 families with a total of 135 species were obtained on the species diversity at Buruku Forest Reserve. The densities of woody plant varied between 434.03 - 771.60 per hectare in plots A, B, C and D. While the highest number of trees in diameter-class distribution were apportioned to 10 – 19 cm class interval in plots A, B, C and D respectively. Diameter class 50 cm and above had the lowest number of trees allocated to it. The regeneration potential of the diversified species was very poor, which has a great implication for regeneration and conservation of the various species encountered. Although Isoberlinia doka Craib & Stapf. had the highest regeneration potential from each of the examined plots followed closely by Acacia senegal, Parkia biglobosa and Terminalia avicennoides Gull & Peer. Important woody plants of economic importance, like Triplochiton scleroxylon K. Schum had zero regeneration potential. However, it is recommended that Buruku Forest Reserve Should be regenerated artificially (through enrichment planting, re-afforestation programme and so on) to increase the plant diversity in the forest and regeneration potentials of the species for sustainability of the forest reserve.
Spontaneous Exciton Dissociation at Organic Semiconductor Interfaces Facilitated by the Orientation of the Delocalized Electron–Hole Wavefunction
Authors: Kafle Tika R. , Kattel Bhupal , Wanigasekara Shanika , Wang Ti , Chan Wai‐Lun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn organic semiconductors, optical excitation does not necessarily produce free carriers. Very often, electron and hole are bound together to form an exciton. Releasing free carriers from the exciton is essential for the functioning of photovoltaics and optoelectronic devices, but it is a bottleneck process because of the high exciton binding energy. Inefficient exciton dissociation can limit the efficiency of organic photovoltaics. Here, nanoscale features that can allow the free carrier generation to occur spontaneously despite being an energy uphill process are determined. Specifically, by comparing the dissociation dynamics of the charge transfer (CT) exciton at two donor–acceptor interfaces, it is found that the relative orientation of the electron and hole wavefunction within a CT exciton plays an important role in determining whether the CT exciton will decompose into the higher energy free electron–hole pair or relax to the lower energy tightly‐bound CT exciton. The concept of the entropic driving force is combined with the structural anisotropy of typical organic crystals to devise a framework that can describe how the orientation of the delocalized electronic wavefunction can be manipulated to favor the energy‐uphill spontaneous dissociation of CT excitons over the energy‐downhill CT exciton cooling.
Cultivar coefficient stability and effects on yield projections in the SPUDSIM model
Authors: Fleisher David H. , Haynes Kathleen G. , Timlin Dennis J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCrop model calibration refers to the process where values are obtained for a subset of model parameters that represent cultivar traits. Calibrated parameters, however, are just as likely to compensate for limitations in model structure as well as reflect true phenotypic characteristics. This confounding of genetics with production environment limits model accuracy particularly for climate assessments and can result in crop parameter values that are location dependent. We evaluated the calibration stability of the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) model SPUDSIM for two cultivars grown in two sites in the United States sites using a location specific (R1) and cross‐location (R2) methodology. Differences between R1 coefficient values ranged from 4 to 17% between the two sites depending on cultivar. This likely reflected over‐coupling of canopy expansion rate within the model structure as well as an over‐sensitivity to temperature and photoperiod. Broader site differences were observed for growth coefficients, particularly when compared with the R2 method. Validation year end‐of‐season yields (17% error or less) and in‐season RMSE (<36.1 g plant−1) were similar for both methods. The R2 calibration overpredicted yields by 5% or less as compared with R1, with a maximum discrepancy of 0.35 Mg ha−1 in climate forecasted impacts. Consistent differences between R1 and R2 calibrated models in rates of yield decline per decade were not observed for cultivar, location, or climate scenario, and averaged 0.034 Mg ha−1 yr−1 for R1 and 0.038 for R2. Thus, calibration for these cultivars and locations was relatively stable in SPUDSIM for the temperate climate evaluated.
Genetic screening for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in large, asymptomatic military cohorts
Authors: Brough Joe , Jain Mahim , Jerves Teodoro , Kruszka Paul , McGuffey Elizabeth 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSudden cardiac death (SCD) is one of the leading causes of mortality in the U.S. military and competitive athletes. In this study, we simulate how genetic screening may be implemented in the military to prevent an SCD endpoint resulting from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We created a logistic regression model to predict variant pathogenicity in the most common HCM associated genes MYH7 and MYBPC3. Model predictions were used in conjunction with the gnomAD database to identify frequencies of pathogenic variants. Extrapolating these variants to a military population, lives saved and cost benefit analyses were conducted for screening for HCM related to pathogenic variants in MYH7 and MYBPC3. Genetic screening for HCM followed by echocardiography in individuals with pathogenic variants is predicted to save an average of 2.9 lives per accession cohort, based on historical cohort sizes, and result in a break‐even cost of ~$7 per test. The false positives, defined as disqualified individuals for military service who do not have HCM, are predicted to be 0 individuals per accession cohort. This study suggests that the main barriers for the implementation of genetic screening for the U.S. military are the low detection rate and variant interpretation.
Characterization of [2Fe–2S]‐Cluster‐Bridged Protein Complexes and Reaction Intermediates by use of Native Mass Spectrometric Methods
Authors: Jia Mengxuan , Sen Sambuddha , Wachnowsky Christine , Fidai Insiya , Cowan James A. , Wysocki Vicki H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMany iron–sulfur proteins involved in cluster trafficking form [2Fe–2S]‐cluster‐bridged complexes that are often challenging to characterize because of the inherent instability of the cluster at the interface. Herein, we illustrate the use of fast, online buffer exchange coupled to a native mass spectrometry (OBE nMS) method to characterize [2Fe–2S]‐cluster‐bridged proteins and their transient cluster‐transfer intermediates. The use of this mechanistic and protein‐characterization tool is demonstrated with holo glutaredoxin 5 (GLRX5) homodimer and holo GLRX5:BolA‐like protein 3 (BOLA3) heterodimer. Using the OBE nMS method, cluster‐transfer reactions between the holo‐dimers and apo‐ferredoxin (FDX2) are monitored, and intermediate [2Fe–2S] species, such as (FDX2:GLRX5:[2Fe–2S]:GSH) and (FDX2:BOLA3:GLRX5:[2Fe–2S]:GSH) are detected. The OBE nMS method is a robust technique for characterizing iron–sulfur‐cluster‐bridged protein complexes and transient iron–sulfur‐cluster transfer intermediates.
Reversible Anionic Redox Activities in Conventional LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Cathodes
Authors: Lee Gi‐Hyeok , Wu Jinpeng , Kim Duho , Cho Kyeongjae , Cho Maenghyo , Yang Wanli , Kang Yong‐Mook 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRedox reactions of oxygen have been considered critical in controlling the electrochemical properties of lithium‐excessive layered‐oxide electrodes. However, conventional electrode materials without overlithiation remain the most practical. Typically, cationic redox reactions are believed to dominate the electrochemical processes in conventional electrodes. Herein, we show unambiguous evidence of reversible anionic redox reactions in LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2. The typical involvement of oxygen through hybridization with transition metals is discussed, as well as the intrinsic oxygen redox process at high potentials, which is 75 % reversible during initial cycling and 63 % retained after 10 cycles. Our results clarify the reaction mechanism at high potentials in conventional layered electrodes involving both cationic and anionic reactions and indicate the potential of utilizing reversible oxygen redox reactions in conventional layered oxides for high‐capacity lithium‐ion batteries.
Effects of crosslinking densities on mechanical properties of nitrile rubber composites in thermal oxidative aging environment
Authors: Han Ruijie , Wu Ying , Quan Xudong , Niu Kangmin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe effects of crosslinking densities on mechanical properties of nitrile rubber (NBR) composites before and after thermal oxidative aging are investigated. Tensile strengths of NBR composites are enhanced slightly at the initial aging stage, attributing to moderate increment of crosslinking densities. Continuous decrease with further aging is followed, resulting from over‐crosslinking and uneven distribution of crosslinking densities. The digital image correlation method is explored for large‐strain deformation measurement by displacement accumulation and establishing strain model, being promising in practical age detection and measurement of mechanical properties in complex environments. Compression sets are gradually increased with aging because of the destruction of the original crosslinking structures. The molecular chains fracture inhibits elastic recoveries of compressive NBR composites and results in residual deformation in thermo‐oxidative and compressive environment after unloading. This study provides new ideas for exploring mechanical properties of rubber‐based composites before and after thermal oxidative aging.
Combination of 5‐azaytidine and hanging drop culture convert fat cell into cardiac cell
Authors: Bagheri‐Hosseinabadi Zahra , Seyedi Fatemeh , Mollaei Hamid Reza , Moshrefi Mojgan , Seifalian Alexander 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOne of the promising approaches for the treatment of cardiac disease is stem cell therapy. In this study, we compared the cardiomyogenic differentiation rate, from human adipose‐derived stem cells (hADSCs) in a three‐dimensional (3D) hanging drop (HD) spheroid culture system, versus a two‐dimensional (2D) culture condition at different concentrations of 5‐azacytidine (5‐Aza). 5‐Azaytidine (5‐Aza) is a pyrimidine nucleoside analogue of cytidine that initiates cell differentiation programs through DNA demethylation. The hADSCs were isolated and cultured both in 2D and 3D HD conditions, with either 10 or 50 μM concentrations of 5‐Aza. Then DNA content, gene expression, and protein content were analyzed. 3D HD culture resulted in a higher percentage of cells in G0/G1 and S phase in the cell division cycle, whereas 2D culture led to a greater percentage of cells in the G2/M phase. A significantly higher gene expression rate of HAND1, HAND2, cTnI, Cx43, βMHC, GATA4, NKX2.5, and MLC2V was observed in HD treated with 50 μM 5‐Aza. This was confirmed by immunocytochemistry. These findings suggest that 50 μM concentration of 5‐Aza can induce hADSCs to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. The differentiation rate was significantly higher when accompanied by the 3D HD culture system. This work provides a new culture system for cell differentiation for cardiovascular tissue engineering.
Enhanced Hydrogen Generation from Empty Fruit Bunches by Charcoal Addition into a Downdraft Gasifier
Authors: Uddin Monir Minhaj , Abd Aziz Azrina , Vo Dai-Viet N. , Khatun Fatema 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHydrogen production by co‐gasification of empty fruit bunches of palm oil could be enhanced by adding charcoal. Physiochemical characterization of raw feedstocks was performed to determine their exergy potentiality. The raw feedstocks, gasified charcoal, and the end product of produced gas were analyzed by different techniques. Gasification experiments were performed using a pilot‐scale downdraft gasifier. The heating value, composition of product gas, yield of hydrogen, and exergy efficiency were used to verify the improvement of hydrogen production during the co‐gasification process. Charcoal with empty fruit bunches of palm oil leads to a much higher yield of hydrogen than lower charcoal ratios or solely empty fruit bunches. This enhanced hydrogen fuel can contribute to future energy demand.
Stiff‐Stilbene Ligands Target G‐Quadruplex DNA and Exhibit Selective Anticancer and Antiparasitic Activity
Authors: O'Hagan Michael P. , Peñalver Pablo , Gibson Rosina S. L. , Morales Juan C. , Galan M. Carmen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractG‐quadruplex nucleic acid structures have long been studied as anticancer targets whilst their potential in antiparasitic therapy has only recently been recognized and barely explored. Herein, we report the synthesis, biophysical characterization, and in vitro screening of a series of stiff‐stilbene G4 binding ligands featuring different electronics, side‐chain chemistries, and molecular geometries. The ligands display selectivity for G4 DNA over duplex DNA and exhibit nanomolar toxicity against Trypasanoma brucei and HeLa cancer cells whilst remaining up to two orders of magnitude less toxic to non‐tumoral mammalian cell line MRC‐5. Our study demonstrates that stiff‐stilbenes show exciting potential as the basis of selective anticancer and antiparasitic therapies. To achieve the most efficient G4 recognition the scaffold must possess the optimal electronics, substitution pattern and correct molecular configuration.