bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The representation of action in Italian Sign Language (LIS)
Authors: Tomasuolo Elena , Bonsignori Chiara , Rinaldi Pasquale , Volterra Virginia 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The present study investigates the types of verb and symbolic representational strategies used by 10 deaf signing adults and 13 deaf signing children who described in Italian Sign Language 45 video clips representing nine action types generally communicated by five general verbs in spoken Italian. General verbs, in which the same sign was produced to refer to several different physical action types, were rarely used by either group of participants. Both signing children and adults usually produced specific depicting predicates by incorporating, through a representational strategy, the object and/or the modality of the action into the sign. As for the different types of representational strategies, the adults used the hand-as-object strategy more frequently than the children, who, in turn, preferred to use the hand-as-hand strategy, suggesting that different degrees of cognitive complexity are involved in these two symbolic strategies. Addressing the symbolic iconic strategies underlying sign formation could provide new insight into the perceptual and cognitive processes of linguistic meaning construction. The findings reported here support two main assumptions of cognitive linguistics applied to sign languages: there is a strong continuity between gestures and language; lexical units and depicting constructions derive from the same iconic core mechanism of sign creation.
Applications of the Sylvester operator in the space of slice semi-regular functions
Authors: Amedeo Altavilla , de Fabritiis Chiara 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this paper we apply the results obtained in [3] to establish some outcomes of the study of the behaviour of a class of linear operators, which include the Sylvester ones, acting on slice semi-regular functions. We first present a detailed study of the kernel of the linear operator ℒ
f,g
(when not trivial), showing that it has dimension 2 if exactly one between f and g is a zero divisor, and it has dimension 3 if both f and g are zero divisors. Afterwards, we deepen the analysis of the behaviour of the -product, giving a complete classification of the cases when the functions fv
, gv
and fv

gv
are linearly dependent and obtaining, as a by-product, a necessary and sufficient condition on the functions f and g in order their *-product is slice-preserving. At last, we give an Embry-type result which classifies the functions f and g such that for any function h commuting with f + g and f * g, we have that h commutes with f and g, too.
Pragmatically Improving Access to Peirce’s Archive
Authors: Keeler Mary 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis second article (in a series of six), presents an examination of the existing conditions that limit access to Peirce’s corpus, and offers some detailed account of what reasoning technology could be used to improve these conditions. Peirce’s theory of recursive inquiry, relying on his pragmatism, gives us the basis for designing technology to support effective access to his archive, and to pursue future improvement by developing a crowdsourced community of inquiry for continuing semiosis.
Brown rot gene expression and regulation in acetylated and furfurylated wood: a complex picture
Authors: Ringman Rebecka , Pilgård Annica , Richter Klaus 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate Rhodonia placenta expression patterns of genes involved in the depolymerisation during the non-enzymatic phase in acetylated (WAc) and furfurylated wood (WFA). During the 98-day-long exposure, WAc [22.6% weight per cent gain (WPG) on average] and WFA (69% WPG on average) lost no more than 3% mass while the untreated wood (WUn) reached 41% mass loss (ML) in 55 days. Expression of six genes putatively involved in the non-enzymatic degradation process were investigated. In conclusion, expression levels of alcohol oxidase Ppl118723 (AlOx1) and laccase Ppl111314 (Lac) were significantly higher in the modified wood materials (WMod) than in WUn, which is in accordance with previous results and may be explained by the absence of the degradation products that have been proposed to down-regulate the non-enzymatic degradation process. However, copper radical oxidase Ppl156703 (CRO1) and a putative quinate transporter Ppl44553 (PQT) were expressed at significantly lower levels in WMod than in WUn while quinone reductase Ppl124517 (QRD) and glucose oxidase Ppl108489 (GOx) were expressed at similar levels as in WUn. These results suggest that gene regulation in WMod is more complex than a general up-regulation of genes involved in the non-enzymatic degradation phase.
Don’t laugh it off: Gender differences in perceptions of women’s responses to men’s use of sexist humor
Authors: Saucier Donald A. , Strain Megan L. , O’Dea Conor J. , Sanborn Melissa , Martens Amanda L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAcross two studies, we examined how the reaction of a woman who was targeted by potentially disparaging sexist jokes by a male joke-teller affected men’s and women’s perceptions of the jokes, the woman who was told the jokes, and the male joke-teller. Participants viewed videos in which a man told sexist jokes to a woman who responded with amusement, offense, ambiguity, or nonverbal disapproval. We found that the woman’s reaction to the sexist humor affected the perceptions of both the male joke-teller and the woman. Our results suggest that expressing nonverbal disapproval may be an effective way to produce negative perceptions of a man telling sexist jokes (Study 1) and may increase positive perceptions of a woman who confronts them (Study 2). Further, expressing verbal offense may be an increasingly acceptable way of confronting sexist jokes, perhaps due to recent cultural shifts in perceptions of confronting sexism more generally (Study 2). Our findings offer reason to be optimistic about changing norms with regard to confronting sexist humor.
Promoting drug abuse preventive behaviors in adolescent students based on the health belief model
Authors: Fadaei Mohammad Hosein , Farokhzadian Jamileh , Miri Sakineh , Goojani Reza 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundNowadays, drug abuse is one of the most important health problems that can affect the quality of life of people in mental, psychological, physical, and social dimensions. Theory-based education can help the adolescents to promote their drug abuse preventive behaviors.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of education based on the health belief model (HBM) on drug abuse preventive behaviors in adolescent students.MethodsThis study was an interventional quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design conducted in two high schools in the southeast of Iran. A two-step cluster sampling method was used and 120 students were randomly selected and categorized into the control (n = 60) and intervention (n = 60) groups. The intervention group participated in an education program based on the HBM in four 75-min sessions. Data were collected using demographic and drug abuse preventive behavior questionnaires based on the HBM.ResultsIn the pre-test stage, the mean scores of drug abuse preventive behaviors and its dimensions were not significantly different between the intervention and control groups (t = −2.597 p = 0.641). In the post-test stage, the mean scores of the intervention and control groups were significantly different; the drug abuse preventive behaviors and its dimensions improved in the intervention group (t = 14.57, p < 0.001).ConclusionThe findings showed that education based on the HBM had a significant effect on drug abuse preventive behaviors and its dimensions. Therefore, educational packages based on the HBM are recommended to improve these behaviors in adolescents.
Gauging court adjudication: Qualification and quantification
Authors: Cheng Le 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In common law jurisdictions, the notion of proof beyond a reasonable doubt is frequently related to notions such as the belief or certainty of a judge or a juror about reality. The notion of balance of probabilities is however related to likelihood or probability. In the present study, we link belief and proof by introducing the notion of epistemic modality, which is concerned with the speaker’s belief in propositional probability. The variation in the orientation of epistemic modality helps to integrate the two levels of proof and bridge the apparent test gap between them. The notion of relevance is further introduced in order to clarify the nature of legal proof by taking rape cases as example. This study also provides an integrated model to improve but diversify the expressions in terms of the burden of proof. For most courts, court judgments are processed only according to the general case data, procedural context; such kinds of fact-based information processing and information retrieval seldom help the court to make its decision unless with tremendous and repetitious work. For the consistency and efficiency of court adjudication, it is suggested in the present study that a Knowledge Management (KM) model mainly based on elements and factors which decide or affect the criminal liability. Such a KM model provides an overall framework, though non-exhaustive, and therefore makes court adjudication within narrow discretion and achieves the maximum justice.
Bifurcation Analysis of an Electro-Statically Actuated Nano-beam Based on the Nonlocal Theory considering Centrifugal Forces
Authors: Azimloo Hadi , Rezazadeh Ghader , Shabani Rasoul 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A nonlocal elasticity theory is a popular growing technique for mechanical analysis of the micro- and nanoscale structures which captures the small-size effects. In this paper, a comprehensive study was carried out to investigate the influence of the nonlocal parameter on the bifurcation behavior of a capacitive clamped-clamped nano-beam in the presence of the electrostatic and centrifugal forces. By using Eringen’s nonlocal elasticity theory, the nonlocal equation of the dynamic motion for a nano-beam has been derived using Euler–Bernoulli beam assumptions. The governing static equation of motion has been linearized using step by step linearization method; then, a Galerkin based reduced order model have been used to solve the linearized equation. In order to study the bifurcation behavior of the nano-beam, the static non-linear equation is changed to a one degree of freedom model using a one term Galerkin weighted residual method. So, by using a direct method, the equilibrium points of the system, including stable center points, unstable saddle points and singular points have been obtained. The stability of the fixed points has been investigated drawing motion trajectories in phase portraits and basins of attraction set and repulsion have been illustrated. The obtained results have been verified using the results of the prior studies for some cases and a good agreement has been observed. Moreover, the effects of the different values of the nonlocal parameter, angular velocity and van der Waals force on the fixed points have been studied using the phase portraits of the system for different initial conditions. Also, the influence of the nonlocal beam theory and centrifugal forces on the dynamic pull-in behavior have been investigated using time histories and phase portraits for different values of the nonlocal parameter.
Evaluation of rational drug use based on World Health Organization prescribing indicators in a primary care center in Pamekasan East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Prasetio Eko , Utami Wahyu , Othman Zulhabri , Wardani Ari , Rahem Abdul , Hermansyah Andi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
The Government of Indonesia has put in place many interventions for rationalizing drug use at all levels of the health services including in primary care centers (puskesmas). One of the programs for the rational use of drugs at the puskesmas is the monitoring and evaluation of drug use conducted by pharmacists. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the rationality of drug use in Pamekasan puskesmas that use World Health Organization (WHO) prescribing indicators and to find the difference in the percentage of rationality of drug use between puskesmas in Pamekasan.

Methods
This study reviewed official documents considering reporting of rational drug use. The documents were obtained from the district health office or from the public domain from 2014 to 2018. Data were then collated, extracted, and presented as frequencies.

Results
The percentage prescribed for antibiotics for acute respiratory infection (ARI) non-pneumonia was 47.27% and percentage prescribing antibiotic drugs in a non-specific diarrhea was 59.85%. The percentage prescribed for injection was 36.15%. The average number of drugs prescribed per treatment was 2.61.

Conclusions
The majority of WHO guidelines stated that prescribing indicators were not met by the puskesmas in Pamekasan, except for the parameters for the average number of drugs prescribed per consultation. This shows an alarming clarion call for the local healthcare stakeholders to improve such situations.
On the nilpotency of the solvable radical of a finite group isospectral to a simple group
Authors: Yang Nanying , Grechkoseeva Mariya A. , Vasil’ev Andrey V. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We refer to the set of the orders of elements of a finite group as its spectrum and say that groups are isospectral if their spectra coincide.
We prove that, except for one specific case, the solvable radical of a nonsolvable finite group isospectral to a finite simple group is nilpotent.
Areal patterns in the vowel systems of the Macro-Sudan Belt
Authors: Rolle Nicholas , Lionnet Florian , Faytak Matthew 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the areal distribution of vowel systems in the Macro-Sudan Belt, an area encompassing most of the western and central parts of northern Sub-Saharan Africa. We report on a survey of 681 language varieties with entries coded for two phonological features: advanced tongue root (ATR) harmony and the presence of interior vowels (i.e. non-peripheral vowels [ɨ ɯ ɜ ə ʌ … ]). Our results show that the presence of ATR harmony in the Macro-Sudan Belt is limited to three geographically unconnected zones: an Atlantic zone, a West African zone, and an East African zone. Between the West and East African ATR Zones is a genetically heterogeneous region where ATR harmony is systematically absent: we term this the Central African ATR-deficient zone. Our results show that in this same Central African zone, phonemic and allophonic interior vowels are disproportionately prevalent. Based on this distribution, we highlight two issues. First, ATR and interiority have an antagonistic relationship and do not commonly co-occur within vowel systems; this finding is supported through statistical tests. Second, our survey supports the existence of the Macro-Sudan Belt, but the discontinuous distribution of ATR harmony and its systematic absence in Central Africa challenges the proposal that this area represents the ‘hotbed’ of the Macro-Sudan Belt.
Simulation and time-frequency analysis of the longitudinal train dynamics coupled with a nonlinear friction draft gear
Authors: Uyulan Caglar , Arslan Ersen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTrain safety and operational efficiency can be improved by investigating the dynamics of the train under varying conditions. Longitudinal train dynamics (LTD) simulations performed for such purposes, usually by utilising a nonlinear time-domain model. This paper covers two modes of LTD results corresponding to the time domain and frequency domain analysis. Time-domain solutions are essential to evaluate the full response used for parameter optimisation and controller design studies while frequency domain solutions can provide significant but straightforward clues regarding system dynamics. An advanced draft gear model, which works under a four-stage process is constructed considering all structural components, geometric relationships, friction modelling and dynamic characteristics such as hysteresis, stiffening, state transition, locked unloading, softening. Then, this model is parametrically reduced and implemented into an LTD simulation. The simulation in the time domain is conducted assuming a locomotive connected with a nine wagon via “ode3” fixed-step solver. The transfer function among the first wagon acceleration (output) and the locomotive force (input) estimated through system identification methodology. Then, the identification results interpreted by investigating step-response characteristic and best response giving parameter set is selected. Next, the modal and spectral analysis performed to reveal the behaviour of the in-train forces and the effects of vibration. This paper discusses a reliable methodology for the longitudinal dynamic analysis of the multi-bodied train in time and frequency domain and clarifies in-train vibration behaviour under the existence of sophisticated draft gear.
A Conjecture on AeschylusAgamemnon985
Authors: Evans Brett 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAt AeschylusAgamemnon985 the manuscript reading ψαμμίας ἀκάτα is corrupt, giving neither meter nor sense. Wilamowitz’ conjecture ψάμμος ἄμπτα has met with some editorial approval, but its sense is dubious and should be rejected. I propose instead ψάλλον ἀκταῖς, “they were plucking on the shore”, referring to the performance of a paean on the lyre by the Greek fleet departing for, or, less likely, arriving at, Troy. The fleet’s departure would be an appropriate time for the soldiers to perform a paean, for which the lyre was a common accompaniment. Plucking a lyre without strumming, however, as ψάλλον implies, seems to have been a less common performance technique, sometimes culturally marked as ‘Asian’. While there is evidence that a paean with plucked accompaniment might have seemed unexceptional to a Greek audience, if Aeschylus did intend an Asian connotation, I suggest that the Chorus, having just witnessed Agamemnon tread on the purple cloths, would thereby portray the Greek army as already tainted bytrypheon their departure for Troy. Whether ‘Greek’ or ‘Trojan’, the conjectured army’s paean would form an effective counterpoint to the lyre-lessthrenosin the Chorus’ heart that dominates the ode.
Propagation of Waves in a Nonideal Magnetogasdynamics with Dust Particles
Authors: Sharma Kajal , Arora Rajan , Chauhan Astha , Tiwari Ashish 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this article, we use the surface theory and compatibility conditions to describe the behaviour of wave propagation and their culmination into a shock wave in nonideal reacting gas with dust particles. The one-dimensional steepening of waves has been considered. A Bernoulli-type transport equation for the velocity gradient has been obtained. A numerical approach is used to explain the effects of van der Waals excluded volume of the medium, the ratio of specific heats, and the mass concentration of the solid particles on the shock wave.
Derivatives of the triaminoguanidinium ion, 6. Aminal-forming reactions with aldehydes and ketones
Authors: Szabo Jan , Maas Gerhard 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Cyclic aminals (N,N-acetals) could be prepared by the reaction of N,N′,N″-triaminoguanidinium sulfate, N,N′,N″-tris(benzylamino)guanidinium chloride or N,N′,N″-tris(benzylamino)guanidine with formaldehyde or acetone. In all cases, 1,2,4,5-tetrazinane derivatives were obtained, which were structurally confirmed by X-ray crystal structure determinations. In two cases, 1:1 cocrystals of two different tetrazinane products were isolated. On the other hand, the reaction of N,N′,N″-tris(benzylamino)guanidinium chloride with benzaldehyde yielded a 3-(2-benzylidenehydrazin-1-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole.
Spatially Distinct Beta-Band Activities Reflect Implicit Sensorimotor Adaptation and Explicit Re-aiming Strategy
Authors: Jahani Amirhossein , Schwey Antoine , Bernier Pierre-Michel , Malfait Nicole 
Published: February 2020

Previous research suggests that so-called implicit and explicit processes of motor adaptation are implemented by distinct neural structures. Here we tested whether implicit sensorimotor adaptation and strategic re-aiming used to reduce movement error are reflected by spatially distinct EEG oscillatory components. We analyzed beta-band oscillations (∼13–30 Hz), which have long been linked to sensorimotor functions, at the time when these adaptive processes intervene for movement planning. We hypothesized that beta-band activity within sensorimotor regions relates to implicit adaptive processes, whereas beta-band activity within medial motor areas reflects deliberate re-aiming. In female and male human volunteers, we recorded EEG in a motor adaptation task in which a visual rotation was introduced in short series of trials separated by unperturbed trials. Participants were instructed in advance about the nature of the visual perturbation and trained to counter it by strategically re-aiming at a neighboring target. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that preparatory beta-band activities within the two regions exhibited different patterns of modulation. Beta power in lateral central regions was attenuated when a change in the visual condition rendered internal-model predictions uncertain. In contrast, beta power in medial frontal regions was selectively decreased when participants strategically re-aimed their reaches. We propose that the reduction in lateral central beta power reflects an increased weighting of peripheral sensory information implicitly triggered when an adaptive change in the sensorimotor mapping is required, whereas the reduction in medial frontal beta-band activity relates to the inhibition of automatic motor responses in favor of cognitively controlled movements.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBehavioral and modeling studies have proposed that so-called implicit and explicit components of motor adaptation recruit different neural circuits. Here, we investigated whether these different processes are reflected by spatially distinct beta-band activities. Analyzing EEG signals at the time they influence movement planning, during the foreperiod, we found that beta power within lateral central regions was decreased when a change in visual conditions required implicit sensorimotor remapping, which may reflect enhanced sensory processing when internal-model predictions are rendered uncertain. In contrast, beta-band power within medial frontal areas was selectively attenuated when participants deliberately re-aimed their movements to improve task performance, which may be associated with the inhibition of automatic motor responses in favor of cognitively controlled movements.
СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ ВПЛИВУ ОБІЙМІВ НА ЕМОЦІЙНУ СФЕРУ ЛЮДИНИ
Authors: Piletska Liubomyra , Smyrnova Olena 
Published: February 2020

У статті досліджується проблема ролі невербального спілкування в міжособистісній кому­ні­кації. Зазначається, що тактильне спілкування, викликає полярні відчуття від близькості і прийняття до дискомфорту від втручання в особисту зону. Емпірично вивчено на різних вікових категоріях роль і зна­чення впливу обіймів на емоційну сферу людини. Наголошується, що при входженні в тактильний контакт слід дотримуватися особистих кордонів і правил асертивності поведінки. При цьому не слід нехтувати значенням соціально-культурного середовища, яке впливає на позицію домінування або підпо­ряд­кування в невербальних контактах.