bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dosimetric evaluation of three commercial radiotherapy planning systems for lung cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma cases
Authors: Zheng Wan-jia , Wang Ming-li , Zhang Jun , Liu Yi-mei , Chen Li , YANG Xin , Huang Si-juan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To identify planning systems and techniques suitable for different sites tumors by analyzing dosimetric differences using three commercial radiotherapy planning systems: Tomotherapy, Monaco and Eclipse.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 20 lung cancer and 8 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and each patient plans were designed using the three systems. The dose distribution of the target and organs at risk (OARs) were compared, and monitor unit (MU) and treatment time were also evaluated.Results: For lung cancer, mean dose of PGTV, PTV1 and PTV2 in Monaco and Tomo plans were lower than Eclipse plan. PTV2 CI in Monaco and Eclipse plans were better than Tomo plans (p=0.002, p=0.022). Monaco and Tomo plans were better than Eclipse plan regarding to mean dose and V15Gy of lungs; the lowest lungs V20Gy and V30Gy were provided by Tomo plan. The esophagus, heart and SpinalCord_03 dose were lowest in Monaco plan, and the maximum dose and V45Gy of SpinalCord_03 were 592.1cGy and 1.37% lower than Eclipse plan, respectively. For NPC, mean dose of PGTV, PTV1 and PTV2 in Eclipse plan were superior to Tomo plan (p=0.008, p=0.000, p=0.003); PTV2 V95% in Tomo plan was increased by 1.64% than Eclipse plan. There was no significant difference between Monaco and Eclipse plans. Tomo plan showed better spinal cord and brainstem protection, with spinal cord max dose 249.38cGy lower than Eclipse plan and 555cGy lower than Monaco plan, respectively.Conclusion: Although the three plans reflected their respective advantages in different aspects, in general, the Monaco plan (VMAT) was the best choice for lung cancer, and for the more advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the Tomo plan (HT) was superior to the other two plans.
Third trimester pregnancy and cesarean delivery of a patient with COVID-19: a case report
Authors: González Maribel Rodríguez , Morales Martha L. Villarreal , Rodríguez Aracelis Nieves , Tapia Edwin Soto , Cacho William Ramírez , Maldonado Marielys Otero 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Limited data is available about the clinical features, management and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women COVID-19 positive. Case: At 37 WGA, a 34-year-old woman G3C1A1 of Puerto Rican origin presented to her follow-up perinatologist visit with flu-like symptoms and COVID-19 contact exposure history. After confirmation of COVID-19 infection and findings on chest radiography, she was successfully treated with ceftriaxone, azithromycin, hydroxychloroquine sulfate, and supportive measures. She had an uncomplicated cesarean delivery with no evidence of vertical transmission. The infant’s physical examination was unremarkable, without any clinical indication of infection.Conclusion: We describe the favorable clinical outcome of a delivery in a woman with COVID-19 in Puerto Rico. It highlights the importance of the rapid clinical management and the hospital coordinated response for the care of a COVID-19 positive pregnant patient at a point where there are no evidence-based or established guidelines. Universal screening for COVID-19 in pregnant women who are admitted for delivery should be considered as part of the hospitals COVID-19’s protocols to improve the staff and patient’s protection.
Validity and Reproducibility of a Semi-quantitative Multiple-choice Food Frequency Questionnaire in Adults Living in Central Iran
Authors: Zimorovat Alireza , Moghtaderi Fatemeh , Amiri Mojgan , Raeisi-Dehkordi Hamidreza , Mohyadini Matin , Mohammadi Mohammad , Zarei Sadegh , Karimi-Nazari Elham , Mirzaei Masoud , Nadjarzadeh Azadeh , Salehi-abargouei Amin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: To the best of our knowledge, no study has tried to develop and validate a multiple-choice food-based FFQ in Iran using weighed dietary records.This study aimed to investigate the validity and reproducibility of a multiple-choice semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ)in adults living in central Iran.Methods: Participants attended a large long-term clinical trial were asked to complete three SQ-FFQs by interview, and nine 3-day weighed dietary records (WDRs), over nine months.They provided two blood samples to assess serum calcium, magnesium, zinc, and vitamin C levels.The Pearson and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to assess reproducibility and validity. The degree of misclassification was explored by using a contingency table of quartiles which is compare the information between third FFQ and WDRs. The method of triads was incorporated to assess validity coefficients between estimated intakes using third FFQ, WDRs, and biochemical markers and assumed true intakes.Results: A total of180 adults aged 48.9±8.4 years completed the study. Compared to WDRs, FFQs overestimated all nutrients intakes except for iron. The median Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.31, 0.44, and 0.38 for FFQ1-FFQ2, FFQ1-FFQ3 and FFQ2-FFQ3, respectively andICC ranged from 0.43 (thiamin) to 0.73 (vitamin D, median: 0.56). The de-attenuated, age, sex, and education adjusted correlation coefficients ranged from 0.01 for vitamin A to 0.40 for vitamin B12 and -0.05 for vitamin A to 0.41 for manganese (median: 0.17 and 0.26) for FFQ1-WDR and FFQ3-WDR, respectively.The medianexact agreement and complete disagreement between FFQ3 and WDRs were 33% and 6%, respectively.The FFQ3validity coefficientsfor vitamin C, calcium, magnesium, and zinc were 0.13, 0.62, 0.89, and 0.66, respectively, using the triads method.Conclusions: The SQ-FFQseems to be an acceptable tool to assess the long-term dietary intake for future large-scale studies in this population.
Improving the Interpretability of Random Forest Models of Genetic Association in the Presence of Non-Additive Interactions
Authors: Orlenko Alena , Moore Jason H 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Non-additive interactions among genes are frequently associated with a number of phenotypes, including known complex diseases such as Alzheimer’s, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Detecting interactions requires careful selection of analytical methods, and some machine learning algorithms are unable or underpowered to detect or model feature interactions that exhibit non-additivity. The Random Forest method is often employed in these efforts due to its ability to detect and model non-additive interactions. In addition, Random Forest has the built-in ability to estimate feature importance scores, a characteristic that allows the model to be interpreted with the order and effect size of the feature association with the outcome. This characteristic is very important for epidemiological and clinical studies where results of predictive modeling could be used to define the future direction of the research efforts. An alternative way to interpret the model is with a permutation feature importance metric which employs a permutation approach to calculate a feature contribution coefficient in units of the decrease in the model’s performance. Currently, it is unclear which Random Forest feature importance metric provides a superior estimation of the true informative contribution of features in genetic association analysis.Results To address this issue, and to improve interpretability of Random Forest predictions, we compared different methods for feature importance estimation in real and simulated datasets with non-additive interactions. As a result, we detected a discrepancy between the metrics evaluations for the real-world datasets and further established that the permutation feature importance metric provides more precise feature importance rank estimation for the simulated datasets with non-additive interactions.Conclusions By analyzing both real and simulated data, we established that the permutation feature importance metric provides more precise feature importance rank estimation in the presence of non-additive interactions.
Covid-19 Related Reduction in Paediatric Emergency Healthcare Utilization – A Concerning Trend
Authors: Happle Christine , Dopfer Christian , Wetzke med , Scharff Anna Zychlinsky , Mueller Frank , Dressler Frank , Baumann Ulrich , Sasse Michael , Hansen Gesine , Jablonka Alexandra 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background:The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted healthcare systems worldwide. Besides the direct impact of the virus on morbidity and mortality of patients, the effect of lockdown strategies on health and healthcare utilization become more and more apparent. Little is known on the effect of the pandemic on pediatric healthcare utilization. We examined the impact of the pandemic on pediatric emergency healthcare.Methods: We conducted a monocentric, retrospective analysis of n=5.424 pediatric emergency visits between January 1st and April 19th of 2019 and 2020, and compared healthcare utilization in the month post lockdown 2020 to the same period in 2019.Results: In the four weeks after lockdown in Germany began, we observed a massive drop of 63.8% in pediatric emergency healthcare utilization (mean daily visits 26.8 ±SEM 1.5 in 2019 vs. 9.7 ±SEM 1 in 2020, p<0.005). This drop in cases occurred for both communicable and non-communicable diseases. A larger proportion of patients under one year old (daily mean of 16.6% ±SEM 1.4 in 2019 vs 23.1% ±SEM 1.7, p<0.01 in 2020) and of cases requiring hospitalisation (mean of 13.9% ±SEM 1.6 in 2019 vs. 26.6% ±SEM 3.3 in 2020, p<0.001) occurred during the pandemic. During the analysed time periods, few intensive care admissions and no fatalities occurred.Conclusion: Our data illustrate a significant decrease in pediatric emergency room visits during the COVID-19 pandemic. Public outreach is needed to encourage parents to seek medical attention for pediatric emergencies in spite of the pandemic.
A Urine-Based Biomarker for Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: A Retrospective Multi-Center Study
Authors: Wu ZhiGang , Zhang GuoWei , Chen WeiKang , Hu XiangNong , Yang JianJun , Meng Jie , Zeng Yan , Shang XueJun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background There are currently no objective diagnostic criteria for chronic prostatitis or chronic pelvic pain syndrome and no accepted therapies that cure the disease.Methods We identified 372 patients with chronic prostatitis diagnosed from 2015 to 2018 and collect the information of age, routine urinary test, EPS and NIH-CPSI.Results Our study demonstrated a correlation between the increase of PSEP level and NIH-CPSI scores. At meantime, the correlation was found between the PSEP level and EPS-white blood cells.Conclusions These findings highlight the potential of PSEP as a viable indicator of symptomatic progression of CP/CPPS. Applications of PSEP assay may guide drug discovery and lead to the better treatment to improve patient’s quality of life.
Homocysteine During the Third Trimester is a Risk Factor for Preeclampsia: A Prospective Study
Authors: Chen Sha , Shen Hong , Cheng Weiwei , Zhao Xueya , Luo Jun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for elevating homocysteine during pregnancy and the relative effects on preeclampsia.Method: This is a prospective study that only covers pregnant women withsingletonwho received regular prenatal care from July to September 2018 exclusively at IPMCH(N=1142). Homocysteine, folic acid and vitamin B12 were tested in the 1st trimester (10-14 weeks), 2nd trimester (24-28 weeks), and 3rd trimester(30-34 weeks), respectively, and MTHFR genes (rs1801133, rs1801131, rs17367504) were detected. Therefore, the analysis of this case includesthe variation in Hcylevels during pregnancy, risk factors for elevating homocysteine and the risk factors on preeclampsia.Results: (1) Homocysteinewas lowest in the 1st trimester. (2) Homocysteine was negatively correlated with folic acid (r=-0.17, p<0.001) and vitamin B12 (r=-0.15, p<0.001) in the same trimester. (3) Heterozygous CT (p=0.025, 95% CI 0.018,0.275) and homozygous TT (p<0.001, 95% CI 0.185,0.501) in MTHFR rs1801133 both caused an increase inHcy. G-spot mutations in MTHFR rs17367504 caused a decline inhomocysteine. (4) Homocysteine in the 3rd trimester significantly increased the risk of preeclampsia (OR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.01,1.42), particularly early-onset preeclampsia (OR = 3.63, 95% CI 1.71,7.71) and severe preeclampsia (OR = 3.63, 95% CI 1.71,7.71).Conclusions: The variation inhomocysteine level has a direct impact on preeclampsia,especially early-onset preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia, in the3rd trimester, and MTHFR, folic acid and vitamin B12 were the three most critical factors responsible for the changing homocysteine levelsduring pregnancy.
Objectively-Measured Smartphone Usage, Sleep Quality, and Physical Activity Among Chinese Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Lee Paul H , Tse Andy C. Y. , Wu Cynthia S. T. , Mak Yim Wah , Lee Uichin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objectives: We studied the association between objectively-measured smartphone usage and objectively-measured sleep quality and physical activity for seven consecutive days among Hong Kong adolescents and young adults aged 11–25 (n = 357, 67% female).Methods: We installed an app that tracked the subjects’ smartphone usage and had them wear an ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer on their wrist to measure their sleep quality and physical activity level. Smartphone usage data were successfully obtained from 187 participants (52.4%).Results: The participants on average spent 2 hours 46 minutes per day on their smartphone. Multilevel regression showed that, among secondary school students, one minute of daytime smartphone usage was associated with 0.12 minute decrease in total sleeping time that night (p = 0.042, 95% CI: -0.23, -0.007). One minute of bedtime smartphone usage was associated with 0.32 minute increase in wake after sleep onset that night (p = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.62). One minute of smartphone usage during sleep was associated with sleep efficiency (β = 0.013%, p = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.003%, 0.023%) and WASO (β=-0.05, p = 0.04, 95% CI: -0.10, -0.005). One minute of daytime smartphone usage was associated with 7.15 steps increase in the number of steps (p = 0.02, 95% CI: 1.02, 13.28) among secondary school students and 3.52 steps increase in the number of steps (p = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.37, 6.66) among university students on the next day.Conclusion: Time spent on smartphone was associated with total sleeping time, the number of steps, and MVPA among Hong Kong adolescents and young adults.
New clinical manifestations of COVID-19 related Guillain Barre syndrome higly responsive to intravenous immunoglobulins: two italian cases
Authors: Assini Andrea , Benedetti Luana , Silvia Di Maio , Erika Schirinzi , Sette Massimo Del 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Recently, some cases of Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS) and Miller Fisher (MF) have been reported, following COVID-19 infection1-2-3 . We report two different clinical manifestation of Covid-19 related GBS , one is a GBS/MF overlap syndrome, the other one an Acute Motor Sensory Axonal Neuropathy (AMSAN) with massive vegetative impairment, both highly responsive to intravenous immunoglobulins.
Pathways and microRNAs bioinformatics analyses identifying possible existing therapeutics for COVID-19 treatment
Authors: Teodori Laura , Sestili Piero , Madiai Valeria , Coppari Sofia , Fraternale Daniele , Rocchi Marco Bruno Luigi , Ramakrishna Seeram , Albertini Maria Cristina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Over 180.000 SARS-COV-2 positive cases have been confirmed in Italy as April 20, with the number of deaths exceeding 23 thousand, making Italy the second Country for world COVID-19 deaths. Such enormous occurrence of infected and dead people raises the urgent demand of effective fast available treatments to control and diminish this pandemic. Discovering the cellular/molecular mechanisms of SARS-COV-2 pathogenicity is of paramount importance to understand how the infection becomes a disease and for therapeutically approaching it. From literature data, through a bioinformatics approach, an in silico analysis was performed, to predict the putative virus targets and evidence the already available therapeutics. Literature experimental results identified angiotensin-converting enzyme ACE and Spike proteins particularly involved in COVID-19. We thus investigate on the signaling pathways modulated by the two proteins through query miRNet, the platform linking miRNAs, targets and functions. We predicted microRNAs (miRs), miR-335-5p and miR-26b-5p, as being modulated by Spike and ACE together with deacetylate histones pathway HDAC. Our results matched with the available clinical data. We hypothesize the current and EMA-approved, SARS-COV-2 off-label, HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) drugs may be repurposed to limit or block host-virus interactions. A ranked list of compounds is given that can be tested.
Flood routing by linear Muskingum method using two basic floods data using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm
Authors: Norouzi Hadi , Bazargan Jalal 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Muskingum method is one of hydrological approaches that has been used for flood routing for many years thanks to its simplicity and reasonable accuracy over other methods. In engineering works, the calculation of the Peak section of a flood hydrograph is crucially important. In the present study, using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, instead of using a single basic flood, the parameters of the linear Muskingum method (X, K, Δt) are calculated by computed arithmetic and geometric means relevant to two basic floods in the form of eight different models for calculating the downstream hydrograph. The results indicate that if the numerical values of the calculated flood inflow are placed in the interval of the inflow and the basic flood which the parameters X, K, Δt are from, the computation accuracy in approximating the outflow flood related to the peak section of the inflow hydrograph increases for all the mentioned models. In other words, if the arithmetic mean of X, K and the geometric mean of Δt, relevant to the two basic floods, are used instead of using values of X, K, Δt of a single basic flood, the computational accuracy in estimating the flood peak section of the hydrograph in downstream has the highest increase among all the eight models. Thus, the Mean Relative Error (MRE) relevant to the peak section of the inflow hydrograph of the third flood (observational flood) obtained by the first and second basic floods was equal to 4.89% and 2.91%, respectively, while in case of using the arithmetic mean of X and K and the geometric mean of Δt, related to the first and second basic floods (the best models presented in this study), this value is equal to 1.66%.
Principles of regular-shaped radome antennas study with a spherical scanner
Authors: Kirpanev A. V. , Kirpanev N. A. 
Published: May 2020

The paper considers the characteristics determination method basing on amplifasometric measurements of near field of the «antenna-radio-transparent radome» system with use of a spherical scanner. The method is based on determination of components of the amplitude spectra of homogeneous plane waves through the amplitudes of vector spherical waves of the tested antenna and the «antenna-radio-transparent radome» system. It is assumed that the radome has a regular surface shape and is a single-layer radome. The proposed method, in addition to determination of radiation characteristics, allows for the given antenna field polarization to determine the complex coefficient of passage thorough the radome as a function of spatial frequencies. It is also shown that it is possible to estimate the complex dielectric permittivity of a single-layer radome, both by calculating the components of uniform plane waves, and directly from the reduced field components on the outer surface of radome. Ways to study the radiophysical characteristics of theradom, are proposed.
Profil antropometri, ketersediaan energi dan kepadatan tulang pada atlet remaja putri berbagai cabang olahraga
Authors: Setyawati Novi , Dieny Fillah Fithra , Rahadiyanti Ayu , Fitranti Deny Yudi , Tsani A. Fahmy Arif 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan profil antropometri, ketersediaan energi, dan kepadatan tulang pada atlet remaja putri berbagai cabang olahraga. Desain penelitian cross-sectional metode consecutive sampling dengan jumlah 54 atlet usia 13-21 tahun dilaksanakan di BPPLOP Jawa Tengah, Klub Atletik Salatiga, Klub Atletik dan Renang Universitas Negeri Semarang. Persen lemak tubuh, IMT, fat free mass diukur dengan Total Body Composition Analyzer. Form 24 hour-food recall, 24-hour physical activity record dan fat free mass untuk mengukur ketersedian energi. Bone densitometer Osteosys SONOST 3000 untuk mengukur kepadatan tulang. Analisis menggunakan uji One-way ANOVA dan uji Kruskal Wallis. Persen lemak tubuh dan IMT cabang olahraga endurance lebih rendah dibandingkan cabang olahraga kekuatan dan beregu. Terdapat perbedaan ketersediaan energi antara cabang olahraga endurance dan kekuatan (p<0.05). T-score kepadatan tulang cabang olahraga kekuatan lebih rendah dibandingkan cabang olahraga endurance dan beregu. Mayoritas atlet memiliki persen lemak tubuh, IMT, kepadatan tulang tergolong normal, dan ketersediaan energi tergolong rendah. Anthropometric profile, energy availability and bone density in adolescent female athletes in various sports AbstractThis study analyzed the differences anthropometric profile, energy availability and bone density of adolescent female athletes in various sports. A cross-sectional study design consecutive sampling method with 54 athletes aged 13 -21 years conducted in the BPPLOP Central Java, Salatiga Athletics Club, Athletics and Swimming Club Semarang State University. Per cent body fat, BMI, fat-free mass was measured by Total Body Composition Analyzer. The 24 hour-food recall form, 24-hour physical activity record, and fat-free mass were used for measuring energy availability. Bone densitometer Osteosys SONOST 3000 was used to measure bone density. Data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test. Percent body fat and BMI of endurance sports were lower than strength and team sports. There were differences in the energy availability between endurance and strength sports (p < 0.05). Bone density t-score of strength sports was lower than endurance and team sports. The most of athletes classified normal on percent body fat, BMI and bone density, while energy availability was classified low.
PREVALENCE OF CHILDHOOD SKIN DISORDERS ATTENDING AT OUTPATIENT PEDIATRIC HOSPITAL
Authors: THUMMANAPALLY NANDINI , LAWDYAVATH KAVITHA , GURUVA CHARANDAS , ENUMULA DEEPTHI , PVK SASTRY , ANCHURI SHYAM SUNDER 
Published: May 2020

Objective: The objective of the study was to study the prevalence of various skin diseases in pediatric population.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at private children’s outpatient clinic in Warangal from March to August 2018 with the prior approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee BIPS/IEC/2018/P8. A total of 200 patients with various skin diseases of age group <17 years were included in the study.
Results: Out of 200 pediatric skin disorders, male children 138 (69%) outnumbered female children 62 (31%). The mean age of the study population was found to be 5.85±4.11 years. About 64% of the patients are from rural area and 36% are from urban. The percentage of skin disorders is allergic infections (26%), bacterial infections (23%), viral infections (11%), fungal infections (7.5%), parasitic infections (6%), autoimmune disorders (4%), and skin adnexa (2.5%).
Conclusion: Our study concludes that the prevalence of allergic and bacterial skin infections was found to be common among male children from rural area