bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A perspective on fossil fuel based flue gas emission reduction technologies
Authors: Yalcin Sefa , Konukman Alp Er Ş. , Midilli Adnan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to specify the role of coal‐fired power plants (CFPPs) in the formation of global emissions/harmful pollutants and to discuss the benefits of current and future technologies to minimize environmental damage. In this regard, pollutant/emission reduction technologies from CFPPs are discussed in detail by considering the environmental and global warming aspects. Pollutant gases from CFPPs around the globe have always been the most important source of environmental concern in societies. In particular, due to the burning of the coal without taking the necessary precautions, the nitrogen in the coal and combustion air and the combustible sulfur components in the coal content are oxidized and released to the atmosphere as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx). Another pollutant from power plants is carbon monoxide (CO). CO is a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas that can remain in the atmosphere for a long time. In addition, significant amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) occur by virtue of the combustion of coal. CO2 emission is in the class of greenhouse gases causing global warming. As a result of this study, the factors causing the formation of harmful pollutants in CFPPs are determined and present and potential suggestions are provided for the environmental sustainability of such facilities. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epigenomic and transcriptional determinants of microglial cell identity
Authors: Gosselin David 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMicroglia perform multiple tasks that are essential to ensure proper cerebral functions, including synaptic remodeling, clearance of molecular debris, prevention of infections, and so forth. Furthermore, accumulating genetic and pathological evidence implicates microglial cell activity in the etiology of numerous neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders. Given this, efforts aimed at understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying microglial cell functions hold great potential for the development of novel therapies for various conditions affecting the central nervous system. In that regard, the application of paradigms in epigenomics to study transcription in microglia has provided significant insights into the molecular mechanisms that control the ontogeny and functions of these cells. With a focus on the roles of genomic regulatory elements and the epigenetic marks that control microglial gene expression, we review here recent key advancements in our comprehension of the epigenomic and transcriptional mechanisms that enable microglial cell development and activity.
Lifetime history of traumatic brain injury is associated with increased loneliness in adults: A US nationally representative study
Authors: Kumar Raj G. , Ornstein Katherine A. , Bollens‐Lund Evan , Watson Eric M. , Ankuda Claire K. , Kelley Amy S. , Dams‐O'Connor Kristen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesAn estimated 55 million individuals worldwide live with chronic disability associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI), which may include cognitive, behavioral, and social impairments. Reduced participation in social activities is common after TBI; however, few studies have evaluated loneliness among survivors of TBI. The current study aimed to evaluate the association between history of TBI and loneliness and to identify mediators of this association.Methods/DesignRetrospective cohort study. Nationally representative sample of N = 724 adults over age 50 years (Health and Retirement Study). Loneliness was evaluated using the 11‐item Revised University of California Los Angeles (R‐UCLA) Loneliness Scale (range 11‐33). Lifetime history of TBI evaluated retrospectively using the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method. We included the following covariates: age, sex, race, and education; and mediators: depressive symptoms, number of comorbidities, chronic pain, difficulty with activities of daily living, and social network index.ResultsHistory of TBI was associated with a 1.28‐point (95% CI, 0.46‐2.11;P < .05; Cohen's D = 0.284) increase in R‐UCLA Loneliness Scale scores after covariate adjustment. Individuals with more recent injuries (within 10 years) and multiple lifetime TBIs reported the highest loneliness scores. In the structural equation model, depressive symptoms partially mediated the relationship between TBI and loneliness. All models were adjusted for US population sampling weights.ConclusionsHistory of TBI was associated with greater loneliness compared with individuals without TBI in a representative sample of US adults. Managing depressive symptoms and medical consequences of TBI may be a target to ameliorate reporting of loneliness in this population.
In vivo anatomical mapping of human locus coeruleus functional connectivity at 3 T MRI
Authors: Liebe Thomas , Kaufmann Jörn , Li Meng , Skalej Martin , Wagner Gerd , Walter Martin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe locus coeruleus (LC) is involved in numerous crucial brain functions and several disorders like depression and Alzheimer's disease. Recently, the LC resting‐state functional connectivity (rs‐fc) has been investigated in functional MRI by calculating the blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) response extracted using Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) space masks. To corroborate these results, we aimed to investigate the LC rs‐fc at native space by improving the identification of the LC location using a neuromelanin sensitive sequence. Twenty‐five healthy male participants (mean age 24.8 ± 4.2) were examined in a Siemens MAGNETOM Prisma 3 T MRT applying a neuromelanin sensitive T1TSE sequence and functional MRI. We compared the rs‐fc of LC calculated by a MNI‐based approach with extraction of the BOLD signal at the exact individual location of the LC after applying CompCor and field map correction. As a measure of advance, a marked increase of regional homogeneity (ReHo) of time series within LC could be achieved with the subject‐specific approach. Furthermore, the methods differed in the rs‐fc to the right temporoparietal junction, which showed stronger connectivity to the LC in the MNI‐based method. Nevertheless, both methods comparably revealed LC rs‐fc to multiple brain regions including ACC, bilateral thalamus, and cerebellum. Our results are relevant for further research assessing and interpreting LC function, especially in patient populations examined at 3 T MRI.
Motor skills predict faux pas understanding in middle childhood
Authors: Tenenbaum Harriet R. , Leonard Hayley C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study examined emotion understanding and motor skills as predictors of children's understanding of faux pas. Faux paus situations are those in which someone causes unintentional offence or behaves inappropriately. Understanding of faux pas requires knowledge of social norms in specific situations as well as emotion understanding. Misunderstanding faux pas can prevent smooth social functioning. Fifty‐six children (aged 7; 0 to 9; 11 years) completed a measure of faux pas understanding, emotion understanding, and motor skills. Children's faux pas understanding, emotion understanding, and motor skills were all related to each other. However, when age, motor skills, and emotion understanding were entered into a regression to predict faux pas understanding, only motor skills predicted understanding of faux pas. The findings are discussed in relation to potential pathways between motor skills and social understanding.Highlights
We examined relations between emotion understanding (Test of Emotion Comprehension), motor skills (Movement Assessment Battery for Children), and faux pas.
All three variables were related, but in a multiple regression with age, only motor skills predicted children's faux pas understanding.
Motor skills may contribute to children's smooth social functioning.
Combining Frailty and Trabecular Bone Score Did Not Improve Predictive Accuracy in Risk of Major Osteoporotic Fractures
Authors: Li Guowei , Leslie William D , Kovacs Christopher S , Prior Jerilynn , Josse Robert G , Towheed Tanveer , Davison K Shawn , Thabane Lehana , Papaioannou Alexandra , Levine Mitchell AH , Goltzman David , Zeng Jie , Qi Yong , Tian Junzhan , Adachi Jonathan D ,   for the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) Research Group
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
It is recognized that the trabecular bone score (TBS) provides skeletal information, and frailty measurement is significantly associated with increased risks of adverse health outcomes. Given the suboptimal predictive power in fracture risk assessment tools, we aimed to evaluate the combination of frailty and TBS regarding predictive accuracy for risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF). Data from the prospective longitudinal study of CaMos (Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study) were used for this study. TBS values were estimated using lumbar spine (L1 to L4) dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images; frailty was evaluated by a frailty index (FI) of deficit accumulation. Outcome was time to first incident MOF during the follow-up. We used the Harrell's C-index to compare the model predictive accuracy. The Akaike information criterion, likelihood ratio test, and net reclassification improvement (NRI) were used to compare model performances between the model combining frailty and TBS (subsequently called “FI + TBS”), FI-alone, and TBS-alone models. We included 2730 participants (mean age 69 years; 70% women) for analyses (mean follow-up 7.5 years). There were 243 (8.90%) MOFs observed during follow-up. Participants with MOF had significantly higher FI (0.24 versus 0.20) and lower TBS (1.231 versus 1.285) than those without MOF. FI and TBS were significantly related with MOF risk in the model adjusted for FRAX with bone mineral density (BMD) and other covariates: hazard ratio (HR) = 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11–1.43) for per-SD increase in FI; HR = 1.38 (95% CI 1.21–1.59) for per-SD decrease in TBS; and these associations showed negligible attenuation (HR = 1.24 for per-SD increase in FI, and 1.35 for per-SD decrease in TBS) when combined in the same model. Although the model FI + TBS was a better fit to the data than FI-alone and TBS-alone, only minimal and nonsignificant enhancement of discrimination and NRI were observed in FI + TBS. To conclude, frailty and TBS are significantly and independently related to MOF risk. Larger studies are warranted to determine whether combining frailty and TBS can yield improved predictive accuracy for MOF risk. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Arrhythmogenic risks of stem cell replacement therapy for cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Chen Kang , Huang Yuting , Singh Radhika , Wang Zack Z. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIschemic heart disease and congestive heart failure are major contributors to high morbidity and mortality. Approximately 1.5 million cases of myocardial infarction occur annually in the United States; the yearly incidence rate is approximately 600 cases per 100,000 people. Although significant progress to improve the survival rate has been made by medications and implantable medical devices, damaged cardiomyocytes are unable to be recovered by current treatment strategies. After almost two decades of research, stem cell therapy has become a very promising approach to generate new cardiomyocytes and enhance the function of the heart. Along with clinical trials with stem cells conducted in cardiac regeneration, concerns regarding safety and potential risks have emerged. One of the contentious issues is the electrical dysfunctions of cardiomyocytes and cardiac arrhythmia after stem cell therapy. In this review, we focus on the cell sources currently used for stem cell therapy and discuss related arrhythmogenic risk.
Long noncoding RNA LINC01278 favors the progression of osteosarcoma via modulating miR‐133a‐3p/PTHR1 signaling
Authors: Qu Zhigang , Li Shenglong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAs one of the most aggressive malignancies, osteosarcoma has high risks of death. Although long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may promote the osteosarcoma progression as verified, the potential molecular mechanism of lncRNAs in osteosarcoma remains unknown. Herein, we analyzed lncRNA microarray of osteosarcoma and selected LINC01278 as the study object. Then, we found that the expression of LINC01278 tested by quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction was enhanced in tumor tissues compared with the para‐carcinoma tissues and related to clinical stage, distant metastasis in osteosarcoma. In addition, the clinical outcomes were poor in osteosarcoma patients with high LINC01278 level. Moreover, LINC01278 promoted proliferation and restrained apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. Afterward, mechanistic studies turned out that LINC01278 was a competing endogenous RNA of parathyroid hormone type 1 receptor (PTHR1) in osteosarcoma by sponging miR‐133a‐3p, which was considered as a tumor inhibitor in osteosarcoma. Furthermore, PTHR1 downregulation restored the impacts of inhibited miR‐133a‐3p on the processes in osteosarcoma cells. Our findings clarified that the carcinogenic effect of LINC01278 in osteosarcoma was mediated through miR‐133a‐3p/PTHR1 signaling, creating a novel insight into good targets for the therapy and prognosis of osteosarcoma.
Exosome‐mediated transfer of long noncoding RNA H19 induces doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer
Authors: Wang Xinxing , Pei Xinhong , Guo Guangcheng , Qian Xueke , Dou Dongwei , Zhang Zhe , Xu Xiaodong , Duan Xin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDevelopment of the acquired resistance is one major obstacle during chemotherapy for cancer patients. Exosomes mediate intercellular communication and cause environmental changes in tumor progression by transmitting active molecules. In this study, the role of long noncoding RNA H19 within exosomes is elucidated in terms of regulating doxorubicin (DOX) resistance of breast cancer. As a result, increased H19 expression was observed in DOX‐resistant breast cancer cells in comparison with the corresponding parental cells. Suppression of H19 significantly lowered DOX resistance by decreasing cell viability, lowering colony‐forming ability, and inducing apoptosis. Moreover, extracellular H19 could be moved to sensitive cells via being incorporated into exosomes. Treating sensitive cells with exosomes from resistant cells increased the chemoresistance of DOX, while downregulation of H19 in sensitive cells abated this effect. Taken together, H19 could be delivered by exosomes to sensitive cells, leading to the dissemination of DOX resistance. Our finding highlights the potential of exosomal H19 as a molecular target to reduce DOX resistance.
Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking study of dihydropyrimidine derivatives as potential anticancer agents
Authors: Safari Sahand , Ghavimi Reza , Razzaghi‐Asl Nima , Sepehri Saghi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA series of dihydropyrimidine analogues were prepared via one‐pot Biginelli three‐component condensation reaction and characterized by NMR, FT‐IR, MS spectra, and element analysis. Subsequently, they were screened for in vitro anticancer effect. These analogues revealed good cytotoxic activity against three human cancer cell lines including MCF‐7, HepG‐2, and A549. Among these analogues, compounds 4d and 4h were the most potent against three cell lines. Cell viability assays indicated 4a and 4c had lower cytotoxicity. In vitro cytotoxicity study on all synthesized compounds demonstrated that introduction of electron withdrawing substituents on C4 position of phenyl ring of dihydropyrimidine contributed to the antiproliferative potency. Moreover, in silico molecular docking results stipulated a sign of good correlation between experimental activity and calculated binding affinity. It proved 4d and 4h as the strongest compounds. Binding modes of analogues proposed the involvement of hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds with Eg5 active site. Structure activity relationship studies indicated that incorporating electron withdrawing substituents on C4 position of phenyl ring of dihydropyrimidine are important for this biological activity.
Synthesis, characterization, and antiplasmodial efficacy of sulfonamide‐appended [1,2,3]‐triazoles
Authors: Batra Neha , Rajendran Vinoth , Wadi Ishan , Lathwal Ankit , Dutta Roshan Kumar , Ghosh Prahlad C. , Gupta Rinkoo D. , Nath Mahendra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA series of benzenesulfonamide‐appended [1,2,3]‐triazole hybrids was synthesized by using [3 + 2] cycloaddition of primary, secondary, and tertiary sulfonamide azides with various phenoxymethylacetylenes under click reaction conditions. After structural characterization, the compounds were subjected to in‐silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) screening to evaluate their drug‐likeness and other pharmacokinetic parameters. Furthermore, their in vitro antiplasmodial potential was assessed against Plasmodium falciparum (3D7) strain, and some of the synthesized compounds displayed promising antimalarial potency. On cytotoxicity evaluation using MTT cell viability assay, the most active candidate N‐(4,6‐dimethylpyridin‐2‐yl)‐4‐(4‐(4‐nitrophenoxy)methyl)‐1H‐[1,2,3]‐triazol‐1‐yl)benzenesulfonamide (14; IC50 6.2 μg/mL) demonstrated CC50 7.5 μg/mL against human hepatocarcinoma (HUH‐7) cells.
One‐pot synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 4‐[3‐fluoro‐4‐(morpholin‐4‐yl)]phenyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole derivatives as potent antibacterial and anticancer agents
Authors: Narsimha Sirassu , Nukala Sathesh Kumar , Savitha Jyostna T. , Ravinder M. , Srinivasa Rao M. , Vasudeva Reddy N. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn search of better antibacterial and anticancer agents, a series of novel 4‐[3‐fluoro‐4‐(morpholin‐4‐yl)]phenyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole derivatives were synthesized (6a‐l and 8a‐j) by using 3‐fluoro‐4‐morpholinoaniline, alkyne, and triflyl azide via an in situ generated 4‐(4‐azido‐2‐fluorophenyl)morpholine and evaluated for their antibacterial and anticancer activity in vitro. Antibacterial activity against three G+ bacterial strains and anticancer activity against breast cancer cell line (MCF‐7) and cervical carcinoma cell line (HeLa) was evaluated. Among all the tested compounds, 6h, 6i, and 8b exhibited potent antibacterial activity against tested gram‐positive bacterial strains. The anticancer activity screening results of 8f, 8h, and 8i exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against two cancer cell lines with IC50 values nearer to the standard drug, doxorubicin. The remaining compounds have shown good to moderate activity against the tested cell lines. On the basis of the results obtained, a structure‐activity relationship (SAR) is discussed.
The 2019‐new coronavirus epidemic: Evidence for virus evolution
Authors: Benvenuto Domenico , Giovanetti Marta , Ciccozzi Alessandra , Spoto Silvia , Angeletti Silvia , Ciccozzi Massimo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere is a worldwide concern about the new coronavirus 2019‐nCoV as a global public health threat. In this article, we provide a preliminary evolutionary and molecular epidemiological analysis of this new virus. A phylogenetic tree has been built using the 15 available whole genome sequences of 2019‐nCoV, 12 whole genome sequences of 2019‐nCoV, and 12 highly similar whole genome sequences available in gene bank (five from the severe acute respiratory syndrome, two from Middle East respiratory syndrome, and five from bat SARS‐like coronavirus). Fast unconstrained Bayesian approximation analysis shows that the nucleocapsid and the spike glycoprotein have some sites under positive pressure, whereas homology modeling revealed some molecular and structural differences between the viruses. The phylogenetic tree showed that 2019‐nCoV significantly clustered with bat SARS‐like coronavirus sequence isolated in 2015, whereas structural analysis revealed mutation in Spike Glycoprotein and nucleocapsid protein. From these results, the new 2019‐nCoV is distinct from SARS virus, probably trasmitted from bats after mutation conferring ability to infect humans.
Induction of cross‐neutralizing antibodies by sequential immunization with heterologous papillomavirus L1VLPs and its implications for HPV prophylactic vaccines
Authors: Zhang Ting , Chen Xue , Liao Guoyang , Hu Meili , Xu Jianqing , Xu Xuemei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSequential immunization with antigens from different strains of HIV‐1, influenza viruses or dengue viruses induced cross‐neutralizing antibodies and enhanced the antibody responses against previous antigens. The characteristics of neutralizing antibodies induced by sequential immunization with different types of human papillomavirus (HPV) L1 virus‐like particles (L1VLPs) are unclear. In this study, mice were primed with one or two types (HPV‐16 or HPV16/18) of L1VLPs, then boosted sequentially with HPV6/18/45/11/31/58 or HPV6/45/11/31/58 L1VLPs, and sera were analyzed with HPV pseudovirus‐based neutralization assay. The results showed that neutralizing activities against earlier immunized vaccine types were enhanced gradually by subsequent immunizations, and low levels of neutralizing activities against nonvaccine types (HPV33/35/52/59/68) were also observed. After absorbing the immune sera with vaccine‐type (HPV16/18/45) L1VLPs, neutralizing activities against tested priming and boosting types (HPV16/18/58) decreased significantly, and that against nonvaccine type (HPV‐33) was also partially eliminated. Moreover, neutralizing activities against vaccine types (HPV16/58) were significantly reduced after absorbing with nonvaccine‐type VLPs (HPV33/52). These data suggest that cross‐neutralizing epitopes exist among different HPV L1VLPs. The cross‐neutralizing activities against nonvaccine types and the enhanced neutralizing activities against earlier immunized vaccine types may result from sequential boosting with these cross‐neutralizing epitopes. These observations support early vaccination with more types of L1VLPs derived from HPVs that cause a serious threat to the population.
The construction of a new oncolytic herpes simplex virus expressing murine interleukin‐15 with gene‐editing technology
Authors: Cai Linkang , Hu Han , Duan Haixiao , Li Yuying , Zou Zongxing , Luo Kailun , Zhang Ziyi , Yang Junhan , Jin Jing , Chen Ying , Ke Zonghuang , Fang Zongyao , Liu Qiong , Hong Xiaoqian , Hu Sheng , Liu Binlei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe treatment of tumors with oncolytic viruses is an important cancer immunotherapy strategy. Interleukin‐15 (IL‐15) can enhance the antitumor effect of natural killer cells and T cells. An oncolytic herpes simplex type II virus (oHSV2‐mIL‐15CherryFP) expressing mouse IL‐15 was constructed using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, and its antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo was evaluated. In vitro, the mouse interleukin‐15 (mIL‐15) present in the culture supernatant expressed by oHSV2‐mIL‐15CherryFP was able to enhance the killing of CT26‐GFP tumor cells by T cells. In addition, the intratumoral injection of oHSV2‐mIL‐15CherryFP inhibited tumor growth in the CT26‐iRFP and BGC823‐iRFP model. These results indicate that the use of oncolytic herpes simplex virus expressing IL‐15 may be a potential therapeutic strategy in tumor immunotherapy.