bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Ground-Motion Models for USGS Seismic Hazard Models Using Near-Source Instrumental Ground-Motion Recordings of the Ridgecrest, California, Earthquake Sequence
Authors: McNamara Daniel E. , G. Wolin Emily L. , Moschetti Morgan P. , Thompson Eric M. , Powers Peter M. , Shumway Alison M. , Petersen Mark D. , Wilson David C. , Benz Harley M. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTWe evaluated the performance of 12 ground-motion models (GMMs) for earthquakes in the tectonically active shallow crustal region of southern California using instrumental ground-motion observations from the 2019 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake sequence (Mw 4.0–7.1). The sequence was well recorded by the Southern California Seismic Network and rapid response portable aftershock monitoring stations. Ground-motion recordings of this size and proximity are rare, valuable, and independent of GMM development, allowing us to evaluate the predictive powers of GMMs. We first compute total residuals and compare the probability density functions, means, and standard deviations of the observed and predicted ground motions. Next we use the total residuals as inputs to the probabilistic scoring method (log-likelihood [LLH]). The LLH method provides a single score that can be used to weight GMMs in the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) logic trees. We also explore GMM performance for a range of earthquake magnitudes, wave propagation distances, and site characteristics. We find that the Next Generation Attenuation West-2 (NGAW2) active crust GMMs perform well for the 2019 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake sequence and thus validate their use in the 2018 USGS NSHM. However, significant ground-motion residual scatter remains unmodeled by NGAW2 GMMs due to complexities such as local site amplification and source directivity. Results from this study will inform logic-tree weights for updates to the USGS National NSHM. Results from this study support the use of nonergodic GMMs that can account for regional attenuation and site variations to minimize epistemic uncertainty in USGS NSHMs.
Generation and Validation of Broadband Synthetic P Waves in Semistochastic Models of Large Earthquakes
Authors: Goldberg Dara E. , Melgar Diego 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTWe present an approach for generating stochastic scenario rupture models and semistochastic broadband seismic waveforms that include validated P waves, an important feature for application to early warning systems testing. There are few observations of large magnitude earthquakes available for development and refinement of early warning procedures; thus, simulated data are a valuable supplement. We demonstrate the advantage of using the Karhunen–Loève expansion method for generating stochastic scenario rupture models, as it allows the user to build in desired spatial qualities, such as a slip inversion, as a mean background slip model. For waveform computation, we employ a deterministic approach at low frequencies (&lt;1  Hz) and a semistochastic approach at high frequencies (&gt;1  Hz). Our approach follows Graves and Pitarka (2010) and extends to model P waves. We present the first validation of semistochastic broadband P waves, comparing our waveforms against observations of the 2014 Mw 8.1 Iquique, Chile, earthquake in the time domain and across frequencies of interest. We then consider the P waves in greater detail, using a set of synthetic waveforms generated for scenario ruptures in the Cascadia subduction zone. We confirm that the time-dependent synthetic P-wave amplitude growth is consistent with previous analyses and demonstrate how the data could be used to simulate earthquake early warning procedures.
Joint Focal Mechanism Inversion Using Downhole and Surface Monitoring at the Decatur, Illinois, CO2 Injection Site
Authors: Langet Nadège , Goertz-Allmann Bettina , Oye Volker , Bauer Robert A. , Williams-Stroud Sherilyn , Dichiarante Anna Maria , Greenberg Sallie E. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
The three-year CO2 injection period at the Illinois Basin - Decatur Project site (Decatur, Illinois, United States) produced a number of microseismic events distributed in very distinct spatiotemporal clusters with different orientations. Further characterization of the microseismicity encompasses the determination of the event source mechanisms. Initially, the microseismic monitoring network consisted solely of borehole sensors, but has been extended with surface sensors, thereby significantly improving the data coverage over the focal sphere. This article focuses on 23 events from the northernmost microseismic cluster (about 2 km from the injection point) and takes advantage of both, surface and downhole, recordings. The resulting strike-slip east–west-oriented focal planes are all consistent with the east–west orientation of the cluster in map view. The injection-related increase of pore pressure is far below the formation fracture pressure; however, small stress-field changes associated with the pore-pressure increase may reach as far as to the investigated cluster location. Monte Carlo modeling of the slip reactivation potential within this cluster showed that the observed maximum stress-field orientation of N068° is the optimum orientation for fault reactivation of the east–west-oriented cluster. Our results suggest that the east–west orientation of the investigated cluster is the main reason for its activation, even though the cluster is about 2 km away from the low-pressure injection point.
Studi Perbandingan Perilaku Dalam Reaktor Kolom Gelembung Secara Non-Katalitik Dengan Simulasi CFD Terhadap Kadar ME Biodiesel
Authors: Defrian Angga , Zulfakri Zulfakri 
Published: July 2020

Abstrak. Biodiesel dihasilkan melalui reaksi transesterifikasi atau reaksi esterifikasi asam lemak bebas dan tergantung dari kualitas minyak nabati yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku. Teknologi produksi biodiesel memiliki 2 metode yaitu metode katalis dan non katalis. Salah satu metoda produksi biodiesel tanpa katalis adalah metoda superheated methanol vapor (SMV). Namun metode inimenghasilkan kadar biodiesel yang rendah dari SNI. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kadar biodiesel dengan meningkatkan luas kontak permukaan antara gelembung metanol dengan minyak. Hal ini dilakukan dengan memberikan perforated plate (obstacle) di dalam kolom reaktor. Perancangan desain obstacle sangat mempengaruhi luas kontak permukaan antara metanol uap dan minyak. Beberapa jenis obstacle yang dirancang di simulasikan dengan metode Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), karena CFD dapat menggambarkan distribusi gelembung di dalam kolom reaktor, sehingga pembuatan obstacle dapat lebih tepat dan memudahkan menganalisa perilaku gelembung di dalam kolom reaktor. Hasil simulasi di-dapatkan luas kontak permukaan yang tertinggi menunjukkan desain obstacle A-4 dengan nilai sebesar 0.013635 m2/det. Namun kadar metil ester pada obstacle tersebut masih rendah dibandingkan dengan SNI yaitu sebesar 67.73% (w/w). Untuk kadar metil ester yang mendekati SNI adalah obstacle D-4 yaitu 94.55 % (w/w).Comparative Study Of Behavior In Non-Catalytic Bullet Column Reactors With CFD Simulation on Content me biodieselAbstract. Biodiesel is produced through transesterification reaction triglycerides or esterification of free fatty acids depending on the FFA content of the feedstock. The reaction normally requires a catalyst, even though the non-catalytic reaction has attracted significant attention recently. One of the non-catalytic method by using superheated methanol vapor (SMV). However, this method still has a low reaction rate and thereby needs to be improved by increasing the surface contact area between methanol vapor and oil. In this study, the utilization of a perforated plate (obstacle) in the reactor column was studied using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Several types of obstacles were designed and their influence on the reaction rate was evaluated through CFD simulation. The result shows that obstacle design A4 gave the highest contact surface (0.013635 m2/s), even though methyl ester concentration in the reaction product is still low (67.73 %w/w). For methyl esters which are close to SNI is design obstacle D-4, which is 94.55 %(w/w).
Força de preensão palmar e habilidade manual em funcionários de escritório
Authors: Scherer Drumond Isabella , Cunha Michel De Paulo , Leite Reis Camila De Fátima , Rodrigues Adriano , Almeida Galdino Alves Debora 
Published: July 2020

<p><strong>Introdução</strong>: As patologias dos membros superiores (MMSS) constituem as doenças ocupacionais mais frequentes, contribuindo para o crescente número de trabalhadores com força e habilidade diminuídas. Em pesquisas das capacidades manipulativas, a força de preensão (FPP) e destreza manual (DM) são elementos básicos a serem analisados, pois fornecem um índice objetivo da integridade funcional dos MMSS e constituem um indicador relevante na análise do estado geral do indivíduo. <strong>Objetivo</strong>: verificar a FPP e DM em trabalhadores de escritório correlacionando com a presença de dores osteomusculares nos MMSS. <strong>Método</strong>s: Foram avaliados 83 trabalhadores de escritório de uma instituição de ensino superior de ambos os gêneros. A FPP foi avaliada através de um dinamômetro hidráulico de mão, a DM avaliada através do Teste de Caixa de Blocos e os sintomas de DORT foram avaliados através do questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares. <strong>Resultados</strong>: Os voluntários apresentaram valores de FPP e de DM dentro dos valores esperados para a faixa etária na mão dominante. Em relação aos sintomas osteomusculares 77,9% apresentaram dor ou desconforto em alguma região do MMSS nos últimos doze meses. As áreas mais acometidas pelos sintomas foram: coluna torácica, pescoço, ombros e punhos respectivamente. Não foram encontradas correlações significativas entre a FPP, a DM e os sintomas de DORT. <strong>Conclusão</strong>: Observou-se que não existe correlação significativa entre a FPP e a DM com a presença da sintomatologia dolorosa da DORT na população estudada, no entanto a prevalência de dores osteomusculares em trabalhadores de escritório foi alta.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
Identificação de perigos e riscos na operação ferroviária com uso da técnica de análise What If
Authors: Diniz Marco Aurélio Bezerra 
Published: July 2020

<span>O objetivo deste estudo é realizar a análise dos perigos e riscos relacionados à operação ferroviária identificados por meio do uso da técnica de análise de riscos <em>What If</em>. </span><span>O principal ponto identificado se refere a distorção entre os índices de acidentes ferroviários registrados dentre as empresas ferroviárias atualmente em operação. Foi registrado um levantamento bibliográfico considerando as peculiaridades da área de conhecimento ferroviária bem como das técnicas de análise de riscos, buscando o alinhamento técnico. Posteriormente, foi feito o mapeamento das atividades rotineiras relacionadas a operação ferroviária para fins de uso na técnica de análise. Finalizou-se com a aplicação da técnica <em>What If </em>bem como da análise dos resultados obtidos. O estudo concluiu que a técnica é adequada para fins de utilização para identificação de riscos na operação ferroviária e deve ser sucedida por outras técnicas para um melhor detalhamento dos riscos identificados, conforme a necessidade identificada</span>.
ОБ ИСТОРИИ ПОЛОЖИТЕЛЬНЫХ ОПЕРАТОРОВ (1900-е - 1960-е гг.) И ВКЛАДЕ М. А. КРАСНОСЕЛЬСКОГО
Authors: Богатов Е. М. 
Published: July 2020

Целью работы является изучепие вклада зарубежных и отечественных математиков, в особенности М. А. Красносельского, в развитие теории лилейных и пелипейпых положительных операторов за период с середины 1900-х гг. до конца 1960-х гг.Метод. Исследование основано па анализе оригинальных работ О. Перрона, Ф. Г. Фробепиуса, Р. Ептча, П. С. Урысопа, М. Г. Крейна, М. А. Рутмапа, М. А. Красносельского и др. в контексте общемирового процесса развития функционального анализа.Результат. Вклад отечественных учёных в области положительных операторов оказался больше, чем вклад остальной части мирового математического сообщества в рассматриваемый период. Советские математики М. Г. Крейн и его учепик М. А. Рутмап в 1940-е гг. создали теорию конусов и линейных положительных операторов A в бесконечномерном пространстве и применили её к исследованию разрешимости уравнений вида Ax = Ax. Благодаря усилиям другого ученика М. Г. Крейна - М. А. Красносельского - с середины 1950-х гг. теория положительных операторов приобрела своё зпачепие, как общий метод для решепия широкого класса задач качественного характера, относящихся к анализу нелинейных операторных уравпепий (в том числе, доказательство новых теорем о неподвижной точке и структуре спектра положительного оператора A, исследова^е бифуркационных значений параметра ц в уравнении вида x = A(x, ц), обоснование метода последовательных приближений для уравнения Ax = Ax с iio. niiieinn.iм оператором A в конусе банахова пространства и т.п.). Кроме того, в рамках развитой М. А. Красносельским теории удалось решить ряд задач прикладного характера.Обсуждение. Анализ достижений в области положительных операторов показал, что в отдельно взятой стране (СССР) могут быть сформированы условия для успешного создания и развития целого научного направления. Огромное зпачепие здесь имеет масштаб учёных, стоящих у истоков этого направления - М. Г. Крейна и М. А. Красносельского.

1Работа представляет собой расширенный и дополненный вариант доклада па Воронежской зимней математической школе С. Г. Крейна - 2020 [Богатов, 2020], а также выступлений па XXV годичной научной конференции ИИЕТ РАН им. С. И. Вавилова, секция История математики, [Богатов, 2019 а] и па XVI международной конференции «Алгебра, теория чисел и дискретная геометрия: современные проблемы, приложения и проблемы истории [Богатов, 2019 Ь]»
MICROORGANISMS IN MACAUBA FRUITS (Acrocomia aculeata) AFTER DIFFERENT POST-HARVEST TREATMENTS AND STORAGE
Authors: Queiroz Lorena Aires Lombardi , Nascimento Camila Sales , Silveira Ana Luíza Machado , Santos Vera Lúcia dos , Caño Andrade Maria Helena 
Published: July 2020

The Macauba fruits (Acrocomia aculeata) may be promising source of vegetable oil for food purposes, cosmetics and energy, due to the high productivity and obtainment of two oil types. However, the main constraint is associated with the rapid deterioration of the fruit, leading to production of oil with high acidity. The acidification process can be caused by microorganisms growing associated with fruits, by high pulp moisture and by the endogenous lipase activity. This study aimed to quantify microorganisms present in the husk and fruit pulp after different post-harvest treatments and after 30 days storage, comparing effectiveness of different conservation treatments by simple and inexpensive techniques. The storage period was determined according to preliminary tests where it was observed that at 30 days of harvest the fruits were already deteriorating. After storage there was a predominance of fungi in pulp and bacteria and yeasts in the husk.
ESTUDO DE UM NOVO PERFIL AERODINÂMICO VOLTADO PARA A COMPETIÇÃO SAE BRASIL AERODESIGN
Authors: Vaz de Souza Barbosa Hygor 
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho será focado em um estudo realizado a fim de melhorar o sistema aerodinâmico do projeto da equipe Skywards Aerodesign.Diante dos objetivos da equipe, torna-se necessário uma criteriosa análise aerodinâmica em busca do perfil adequado para a asa, uma vez que a asa é um dos fatores de grande importância na eficiência e no desempenho da aeronave. A proposta é criar um perfil que possua melhor desempenho aerodinâmico, priorizando inicialmente o coeficiente aerodinâmico (cl/cd), utilizando um coeficiente de sustentação (cl) elevado, objetivando pleitear uma diminuição no coeficiente de arrasto (cd), e um considerável coeficiente de momento (cm).
DIÁSPORA E OS ESPAÇOS MNEMÔNICOS EM “SAGA DE AGOTIME, MARIA MINEIRA NAÊ”
Authors: De Freitas Risoleta Viana , Costa Sousa Rayron Lennon 
Published: July 2020

Resumo: Homi Bhabha, em O local da cultural (1998), dentre outros aspectos discute a respeito da questão diaspórica, da dispersão de povos, seja por vontade própria do sujeito ou forçada, como é o caso dos negros escravizados, que, dispersos do seu lugar de origem, precisaram reconstituir-se em outros espaços. Assim, considerando as Áfricas (re)criadas em diferentes lugares, a exemplo, a cidade do Rio de Janeiro, a Escola de Samba Beija-Flor de Nilópolis tematizou e ilustrou, através de indumentárias e músicas, os movimentos diaspóricos no Brasil. Nesse sentido, objetiva-se compreender o processo diaspórico e os espaços mnemônicos a partir da tematização da África no samba-enredo em “Saga de Agotime, Maria Mineira Naê”, apresentado no desfile carnavalesco de 2001, pela referida Escola. As reflexões teóricas perpassam as ideias de Maurice Halbwachs (2006) – no que tange às reflexões acerca da memória individual e coletiva; Homi Bhabha (1998), Mortari (2015) - com referenciais sobre diáspora; Aleida Assmann (2011), acerca dos espaços que permeiam a recordação e a memória. Tal análise demonstra que, uma vez deslocados de suas raízes, os negros valeram-se de variados mecanismos, especificamente, da memória, dos lugares que possibilitam o acionamento desses aspectos como elementos de ressignificação de si, sua terra, bem como dos novos espaços que passaram a ocupar e ressignificar.
Palavras-chave: A saga de Agotime. Maria Mineira Naê. Samba-enredo. Diáspora. Espaços Mnemônicos.
Analisis Perbandingan Pembangunan Rumah Sederhana Murah Kontruksi Panel EPS Dengan Kontruksi Konvensional
Authors: Soekma Jaya Karel 
Published: July 2020

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa apakah kontruksi dinding pracetak dalam hal ini Panel EPS lebih efisien dari segi waktu dan biaya jika dibandingkan dengan kontruksi konvensional. Pada penelitian ini, metode yang dilakukan adalah analisis perbandingan waktu dan biaya pada dinding rumah sederhana murah yang luas dan bentuknya sama terhadap kontruksi panel EPS dengan kontruksi konvensional. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada bangunan Rumah Sederhana Murah tipe 36 sebagaimana program pemerintah dalam mengatasi backlog perumahan. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa secara keseluruhan biaya pekerjaan dinding pada rumah sederhana-murah yang menggunakan kontruksi panel EPS lebih murah dari segi biaya dan lebih cepat dari segi waktu pelaksanaanya dibandingkan dengan kontruksi konvensionalKata kunci: Konvensional, Pracetak, Panel, EPS, Baja ringan, AHSP.
ARQUEOLOGIA FUNERÁRIA E A FURNA DO ESTRAGO
Authors: Souza Sheila Mendonça de 
Published: July 2020

O sítio arqueológico Furna do Estrago vem inspirando Teses, Dissertações, artigos sem que o tema tenha sido esgotado. A produção científica sobre o sítio está concentrada em abordagens do material biológico, principalmente esqueletos humanos provenientes do cemitério. Diferentes aspectos da cultura material, das estruturas funerárias e dos níveis arqueológicos proporcionariam informações a partir de novas técnicas e métodos que ajudariam a responder as questões arqueológicas remanescentes. Sítios arqueológicos funerários são especialmente ricos em interfaces bioculturais, sendo fonte quase inesgotável de investigações. Aqui revisitamos a arqueologia da Furna através da sua produção, lembrando algumas questões em aberto que poderiam ser tema de futuros estudos. FUNERARY ARCHAEOLOGY AND THE FURNA DO ESTRAGO ABSTRACTFurna do Estrago archaeological site inspired Thesis, Dissertations and papers without being exhausted. The scientific production about that site is concentrated on biological materials, specially human skeletons from its cemetery. Different aspects of the material culture in the funerary structures and other archaeological levels could provide information based on new techniques and methods helping to answer remaining archaeological questions. Funerary archaeological sites provide rich biocultural connections so they are sources of infinite questions to be investigated. In the present paper we revisit Furna do Estrago through the related scientific production, reminding some questions still opened that could be theme for future research.Keywords: Literature review; Pernambuco; funerary archaeology.
Upaya Optimalisasi Kinerja Pegawai Koperasi Serba Usaha (KSU) Padurenan Jaya Kudus Melalui Holiday Exchange
Authors: Qomar Moh Nurul , Praatmana Nanang Dwi 
Published: July 2020

<p>This article discusses human resource management approach Koperasi Serba Usaha (KSU) Padurenan Jaya so that the optimization of employee performance can be achieved. The approach in question is a holiday exchange. This study uses a qualitative method with a field research approach. The results of this study indicate that the holiday exchange approach applied at KSU Padurenan Jaya has proven to be able to improve services to members and increase the cooperative business results (SHU). The application of this system is also in accordance with Islamic business ethics, which refers to the value of unity and responsibility so that it affects the flexibility of management in determining holidays.</p>
Public Health Systems and Social Services: Breadth and Depth of Cross-Sector Collaboration
Authors: Hamer Mika K. , Mays Glen P. 
Published: July 2020

Objectives. To examine the extent to which social service organizations participate in the organizational networks that implement public health activities in US communities, consistent with recent national recommendations. Methods. Using data from a national sample of US communities, we measured the breadth and depth of engagement in public health activities among specific types of social and community service organizations. Results. Engagement was most prevalent (breadth) among organizations providing housing and food assistance, with engagement present in more than 70% of communities. Engagement was least prevalent among economic development, environmental protection, and law and justice organizations (less than 33% of communities). Depth of engagement was shallow and focused on a narrow range of public health activities. Conclusions. Cross-sector relationships between public health and the housing and food sectors are now widespread across the United States, giving most communities viable avenues for addressing selected social determinants of health. Relationships with many other social and community service organizations are more limited. Public Health Implications. Public health leaders should prioritize opportunities for engagement with low-connectivity social sectors in their communities such as law, justice, and economic development.
Inaccuracy of Official Estimates of Public Health Spending in the United States, 2000–2018
Authors: Leider Jonathon P. , Resnick Beth , McCullough J. Mac , Alfonso Y. Natalia , Bishai David 
Published: July 2020

Objectives. To examine the accuracy of official estimates of governmental health spending in the United States. Methods. We coded approximately 2.7 million administrative spending records from 2000 to 2018 for public health activities according to a standardized Uniform Chart of Accounts produced by the Public Health Activities and Services Tracking project. The official US Public Health Activity estimate was recalculated using updated estimates from the data coding. Results. Although official estimates place governmental public health spending at more than $93 billion (2.5% of total spending on health), detailed examination of spending records from state governments shows that official estimates include substantial spending on individual health care services (e.g., behavioral health) and that actual spending on population-level public health activities is more likely between $35 billion and $64 billion (approximately 1.5% of total health spending). Conclusions. Clarity in understanding of public health spending is critical for characterizing its value proposition. Official estimates are likely tens of billions of dollars greater than actual spending. Public Health Implications. Precise and clear spending estimates are material for policymakers to accurately understand the effect of their resource allocation decisions.