bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NF-κB and pSTAT3 synergistically drive G6PD overexpression and facilitate sensitivity to G6PD inhibition in ccRCC
Authors: Zhang Qiao , Yang Zhe , Ni Yueli , Bai Honggang , Han Qiaoqiao , Yi Zihan , Yi Xiaojia , AGBANA Yannick Luther , Kuang Yingmin , Zhu Yuechun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) serves key roles in cancer cell metabolic reprogramming, and has been reported to be involved in certain carcinogenesis. Previous results from our laboratory demonstrated that overexpressed G6PD was a potential prognostic biomarker in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most common subtype of kidney cancer. G6PD could stimulate ccRCC growth and invasion through facilitating reactive oxygen species (ROS)-phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3) activation and ROS-MAPK-MMP2 axis pathway, respectively. However, the reasons for ectopic G6PD overexpression and the proliferation repressive effect of G6PD inhibition in ccRCC are still unclear. Methods The impact of ROS accumulation on NK-κB signaling pathway and G6PD expression was determined by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot in ccRCC cells following treatment with ROS stimulator or scavenger. The regulatory function of NK-κB signaling pathway in G6PD transcription was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR, Western blot, luciferase and ChIP assay in ccRCC cells following treatment with NK-κB signaling activator/inhibitor or lentivirus infection. ChIP and Co-IP assay was performed to demonstrate protein-DNA and protein-protein interaction of NK-κB and pSTAT3, respectively. MTS assay, human tissue detection and xenograft model were conducted to characterize the association between NK-κB, pSTAT3, G6PD expression level and proliferation functions. Results ROS-stimulated NF-κB and pSTAT3 signaling over-activation could activate each other, and exhibit cross-talks in G6PD aberrant transcriptional regulation. The underlying mechanism was that NF-κB signaling pathway facilitated G6PD transcription via direct DNA–protein interaction with p65 instead of p50. p65 and pSTAT3 formed a p65/pSTAT3 complex, occupied the pSTAT3-binding site on G6PD promoter, and contributed to ccRCC proliferation following facilitated G6PD overexpression. G6PD, pSTAT3, and p65 were highly expressed and positively correlated with each other in ccRCC tissues, confirming that NF-κB and pSTAT3 synergistically promote G6PD overexpression. Moreover, G6PD inhibitor exhibited tumor-suppressor activities in ccRCC and attenuated the growth of ccRCC cells both in vitro and in vivo . Conclusion ROS-stimulated aberrations of NF-κB and pSTAT3 signaling pathway synergistically drive G6PD transcription through forming a p65/pSTAT3 complex and occupy the pSTAT3-binding site on G6PD promoter. Moreover, G6PD activity inhibition may be a promising therapeutic strategy for ccRCC treatment.
IVF and ICSI outcomes of female patients with X chromosome mosaicism: A 5-year retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liang Shanshan , Yang Jianzhi , Wu Haixia , Xiong Shiyi , Guo Ming , Teng Xiaoming 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThis study focused on the assisted reproductive treatment (ART) outcomes of female patients with X chromosome mosaicism (XM), who underwent their first IVF/ICSI and day 2 or day3 fresh embryo transfer, and the possible impacts of the different mosaic types.Results78 couples with XM female and normal male were included as the X group. 78 couples with normal karyotype were included as the control group. Subgroup X1 included 41 45,X/46,XX cases, Subgroup X2 included 23 47,XXX/46,XX cases, and Subgroup X3 included 13 45,X/47,XXX/46,XX cases. With similar female age and similar body mass index (BMI), the X group had higher total gonadotropin (Gn) dosage than the control group (1800 IU VS 1612 IU). In subgroup analysis, the follical number during oocyte retrieval was less in subgroup X1 than that in X2 or X3. The fertilization rate was lower in subgroup X1 than that in subgroup X2. The utilization rate was higher in subgroup X2 than that in subgroup X3. The implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and miscarriage rate before 12 weeks' gestation were similar in all groups.ConclusionsFemale with 45,X cell line may face higher Gn dosage, less follical number during oocyte retrieval and fewer embryos. But female with X chromosome mosaicism may have similar clinical pregnancy rate and miscarriage rate after fresh embryo transfer.
The common PPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Saremi Leila , Lotfipanah Shirin , Feizy Fatemeh , Avval Fatemeh Rostami , Saltanatpour Zohreh 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with subjects without diabetes. Many studies have been shown that CAD has resulted from the interaction of genetic markers implicated in dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress. The PPARγ gene is considered as a potential candidate gene for the link between diabetes mellitus and CAD in patients with diabetes mellitus. The purpose of the present study was to determine the association of Pro12Ala PPARγ2 polymorphism (rs1801282) with CAD in Iranian patients with T2DM.Methods. We studied 290 unrelated Iranian subjects, including 145 healthy controls and 145 CAD patients with a history of T2DM. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood, and the PPARγ2 gene mutations were analyzed using the PCR–RFLP technique.Results. Our results revealed a significant difference between the allele frequencies of PPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphism between the case and control subjects. However, no significant association was observed between Pro12Ala genotypes and physiologic variables.Conclusion. In summary, it could be concluded that PPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphism may be an essential indicator of the increased risk of CAD in diabetic patients among the Iranian population.Trial Registration. This article does not contain any studies with human participants by any of the authors.
Incidence rate, clinical course and risk factor for recurrent PCR positivity in discharged COVID-19 patients in Guangzhou, China: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zheng Jia-Zhen , Zhou Rui , Chen Feng-Juan , Tang Guo-Fang , Wu Ke-Yi , Li Fu-Rong , Liu Hua-Min , Lu Jian-Yun , Zhou Ji-Yuan , Yang Zi-Ying , Yuan Yu-Xin , Lei Chun-Liang , Wu Xian-Bo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The phenomenon of COVID-19 patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 after discharge (redetectable as positive, RP) emerged globally. The data of incidence rate and risk factors for RP event and the clinical features of RP patients may provide recommendations for virus containment and discharge assessment for COVID-19. Methods: The baseline included 285 adult inpatients (≥18 years old) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital. We started the Observation on Jan 20, 2020, and acquired all their definite clinical outcome (becoming RP or keeping normal during post-discharge surveillance) by Mar 10, 2020. The dynamic clinical data of patients during observation were prospectively collected and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate-adjusted logistic regression were used to explore the risk factors related to RP events in COVID-19 patients. Results: By March 10, 27 (9.5%) discharged patients had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in their nasopharyngeal swab after a median duration of 7·0 days (IQR 5·0-8·0). Age, sex, epidemiological history, clinical symptoms and underlying diseases were similar between RP and non-RP patients (p>0.05). Compared to first admission, RP patients generally had milder clinical symptoms, lower viral load, shorter length of stay and improved pulmonary conditions at readmission (p<0.05). Elder RP patients (≥ 60 years old) were more likely to be symptomatic compared to younger patients (7/8, 87.5% vs. 3/19, 18.8%, p=0.001) at readmission. A prolonged duration of viral shedding (>10 days) during the first hospitalization [adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 5.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.50-13.57 for N gene; aOR: 9.64, 95% CI: 3.91-23.73 for ORF gene] and higher Ct value (ORF) in the third week of the first hospitalization (aOR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.50-0.95) were associated with RP events. Conclusions: RP events occurred in nearly 10% of COVID-19 patients which deserves globally attention. During hospitalization, patients’ low efficiency of viral clearance was a risk factor for RP event. Elderly RP patients were more likely to develop clinical symptoms. To reduce the possibility of reinfection and readmission during the management of COVID-19, more rigorously monitoring on patients’ viral load should be carried out especially in elder patients and later stage of hospitalization.
Ordered 24-Hrs Recalls Associate with Systematic and Order-Specific Differences in Reported Energy and Carbohydrate Intakes by Individuals with Obesity: A methodological Approach in A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Serban Costela Lacrimioara , Perva Iulia Teodora , Chirita-Emandi Adela , Sima Alexandra , Andreescu Nicoleta , Putnoky Salomeia , Niculescu Mihai Dinu , Puiu Maria 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background. In depth understanding of dietary patterns of individuals with obesity is needed in practice and research, in order to support dietitians and physicians in the design and implementation of nutritional management. We aimed to analyze the consistency of energy, macro- and micronutrients reported intakes in four non-consecutive 24-hrs dietary recalls using information collected in the NutriGen Study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02837367).Methods. Data included reported food intakes from 388 adults who completed four 24-hrs recalls. Results. Analyses indicated a significant decrease between the first and subsequent evaluations in regard to energy and several nutrients, with a systematic decrease in reporting energy and carbohydrates for the second evaluation. When excluding the second 24-hrs recall from the average, this new evaluation induced significant increases in the averages for reported energy, carbohydrates, and almost all micronutrients, indicating that the second recall is a point of controversy for whether to be included or not in further analyses.Conclusion. This study identified systematic differences in energy and carbohydrate reporting in the second recall, when four ordered 24-hour recalls were administered to adults with obesity. More studies are needed to identify the source of these differences, in order to ascertain whether reporting, training bias, or behavioral changes are responsible for such differences, and whether a time point with systematic differences should be included or not in further analyses.
Cytokine Profile and Glial Activation Following Brachial Plexus Roots Avulsion Injury in Mice
Authors: Zhong Ke , Li Yinqin , Tang Ying , Yu Guangying , ZILUNDU PRINCE LAST MUDENDA , Zhou Yingying , Xu Xiaoying , Fu Rao , Zhou Lihua 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Inflammation and tissue infiltration by various immune cells play a significant role in the pathogenesis of neurons suffering the central nervous systems diseases. Although brachial plexus root avulsion (BPRA) leads to dramatic motoneurons (MNs) death and permanent loss of function, however, the crosstalk between cytokines and glial reaction in the spinal cord during injury is far beyond our knowledge. The current study is sought to investigate the alteration of specific cytokine expression patterns of BPRA injured spinal cord during an acute and subacute period.Methods Here, cytokine assay, transmission electron microscopy, and histological staining were utilized to assess the alteration of cytokine network, ultrastructure morphology, as well as glial activation and loss of MNs within two weeks, post-injury on a mouse BPRA model.Results We found that BPRA significantly changed the level of CXCL1, IL12 p70, ICAM1, IP10, MCP-5, MIP1-α and CD93. Moreover, the elevated MIP1-α and CD93 were mostly distributed in MNs of the injured, but few in healthy segments. Also, BPRA significantly induced glial reactions in the ventral horn of injured spinal segments, reflected by robustly elevated the Ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA1) and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive cells. We also observed a severe progressively loss of injured MNs, with a character of both apoptosis and necrosis.Conclusion Overall, these findings suggested that the inflammatory cytokines associated with glial cell proliferation play a vital role in the pathophysiology of MNs death caused by nerve roots injury.
Therapeutic interventions in primary care, youth mental health settings for young people with Borderline Personality Disorder or borderline traits
Authors: O’Dwyer Nikki , Rickwood Debra , Buckmaster Dean , Watsford Clare 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate what therapeutic interventions are currently being applied by clinicians working with young people who have a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder or borderline traits. Given the current lack of evidence-based guidelines with this client population, investigating what is occurring currently is needed. The study also aimed to determine whether the interventions clinicians are using are effective in reducing distress and increasing functioning with these clients. Methods Participant data came from the national minimum data set for headspace youth mental health centres across Australia. Young people’s data were included in the study if the young person was diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder or borderline traits during their first episode of care (N=701). Clinician data that indicated the sort of intervention used at each client session and outcome measures routinely captured were analysed to determine interventions used and outcomes achieved. Results Results demonstrated that CBT was the most frequently used modality of intervention followed by supportive counselling and IPT. There were no or only weak relationships between changes in outcomes and the amount of any type of intervention that was provided. No significant relationship was found with the amount of CBT a client received and changes in symptoms or functioning, despite being the most commonly employed modality. Conclusions The study highlights the need for evidence-based guidelines for early intervention in young people with borderline personality disorder.
Can Computed Tomography-Based Radiomics Potentially Discrimination Between Anterior Mediastinal Cysts and type B1 and B2 thymomas
Authors: Liu Lulu , Lu Fangxiao , Pang Peipei , Shao Guoliang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Anterior mediastinal cysts (AMC) are often misdiagnosed as thymomas and undergo surgical resection, which caused unnecessary treatment and medical resources waste. The purpose of this study was to explore potential possibility of computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics for the diagnosis of AMC and type B1 and B2 thymomas.
Methods
A group of 188 patients with pathologically confirmed AMC (106 cases mischarged as thymomas in CT) and thymomas (82 cases) and underwent routine chest CT from January 2010 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The lesions were manually delineated using ITK-SNAP software, and radiomics features were performed using the Artificial Intelligence Kit (AK) software. A total of 396 tumor texture features were extracted from enhanced CT and unenhanced CT, respectively. The general test, correlation analysis and LASSO were used to features selection and then the radiomics signature (radscore) were obtained. The combined model including radscore and independent clinical factors were developed. The model performances were evaluated on discrimination, calibration curve.
Results
Two radscore model were constructed from the unenhanced and enhanced phases based on the selected 4 and 3 features, respectively. The AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of the enhanced radscore model were 0.928, 89.3% and 83.8% in the training dataset and 0.899, 84.6%, 87.5% in the test dataset (higher than the unenhanced radscore model). The combined model of enhanced CT including radiomics features and independent clinical factors yielded an AUC, sensitivity and specificity of 0.941, 82.1%, and 94.6% in the training dataset and 0.938, 92.3%, and 87.5% in the test dataset (higher than the unenhanced combined model and enhanced radscore model).
Conclusions
The study suggested the possibility that the combined model in enhanced CT provided a potential tool to facilitate the differential diagnosis of AMC and type B1 and B2 thymomas.
Comparison of Climatic Factors on Mosquito Abundance at US Army Garrison Humphreys, Republic of Korea
Authors: Hwang Myung-Jae , Kim Heung-Chul , Klein Terry A. , Chong Sung-Tae , Sim Kisung , Chung Yeonseung , Cheong Hae-Kwan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background A number of studies have been conducted on the relationship between the distribution of mosquito abundance and meteorological variables. However, few studies have specifically provided specific ranges of temperatures for estimating the maximum abundance of mosquitoes as an empirical basis for climatic dynamics for estimating mosquito-borne infectious disease risks.Methods Adult mosquitoes were collected for three consecutive nights/week using Mosquito Magnet® Independence® model traps during 2018 and 2019 at US Army Garrison (USAG) Humphreys, Pyeongtaek, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea (ROK). An estimate of daily mean temperatures (provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration) were distributed at the maximum abundance for selected species of mosquitoes using daily mosquito collection data after controlling for mosquito ecological cycles and environmental factors.Results Using the Monte-Carlo simulation, the overall mosquito population abundance peaked at 22.7℃ (2.5th−-97.5th : 21.7℃–23.8 ℃). Aedes albopictus, vector of Zika, chikungunya, dengue fever and other viruses, abundance peaked at 24.6℃ (2.5th − 97.5th, 22.3℃–25.6℃), while Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) vectors, e.g., Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex pipiens, peaked at 24.3℃ (2.5th − 97.5th : 21.9℃–26.3℃) and 22.6℃ (2.5th − 97.5th : 21.9℃–25.2℃), respectively. Members of the Anopheles Hyrcanus Group, some of which are vivax malaria vectors in the ROK, abundance peaked at 22.4℃ (2.5th − 97.5th : 21.5℃–23.8℃).Conclusion The empirical mean temperature ranges for maximum abundance were determined for each mosquito species collected at USAG Humphreys. These data contributed to the identification of relative mosquito abundance patterns for estimating mosquito-borne disease risks and developing and implementing disease prevention practices.
Prevalence and factors associated with acute diarrheal disease among under- five children in Southern Ethiopia: Community based cross sectional study
Authors: Mulu Eyob , Nigusie Adane , Endehabtu Berhanu Fikadie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Diarrheal disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among under-five children worldwide. It is one of the top leading causes of under-five morbidity & mortality in Ethiopia. Knowing the determinants of a disease enables us to design an effective intervention. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of acute diarrheal disease among under-five years of age.Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was carried out. Five hundred thirty mothers/care takers with under-five children were selected by using systematic random sampling from selected kebeles in the district. Data were collected using structured and pre-tested questionnaires. Data was cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was done to assess factors affecting diarrhea. Results: A total of 530 households with under- five children were involved in the study. The mean ages of the respondents and the index children were 33.30(+6.26SD) years and 22.75 (+12.79SD) months, respectively. Prevalence of diarrheal disease over a period of two weeks preceding the study was 21.3%. Water source [AOR: 4.476, 95% CI (1.962, 10.210)], distance to water source [AOR: 2.252, 95% (1.139, 4.451)], feces seen outside the pit hole of latrines [AOR: 2.943, 95% (1.347, 6.429)], mothers/care takers who feed adult food to the children [AOR: 6.985,95 %( 1.074, 45,433)] and bottle feeding [AOR: 8.269 ,95%(1.086, 62.975)] were significantly associated variables on multivariate analyses.Conclusions and recommendations: The magnitude of diarrhea among under -five children was relatively high. Improper use of latrines, source of water of for drinking, times to water source, types of food and methods of feeding were the factors associated with acute childhood diarrheal. The authors of the study recommend availing improved water sources for the community. The community is also advised to use latrine appropriately and use appropriate food and method of feeding to reduce the risk of diarrheal. Health education program should be given to the hygiene sanitation and behavioral practice of the households
Acute encephalopathy with elevated CSF inflammatory markers as the initial presentation of COVID-19.
Authors: Farhadian Shelli , Glick Laura R. , Vogels Chantal B.F. , Thomas Jared , Chiarella Jennifer , Casanovas-Massana Arnau , Zhou Jing , Odio Camila , Vijayakumar Pavithra , Geng Bertie , Fournier John , Bermejo Santos , Fauver Joseph R. , Alpert Tara , Wyllie Anne L. , Turcotte Cynthia , Steinle Matthew , Paczkowski Patrick , Cruz Charles Dela , Wilen Craig , Ko Albert I. , MacKay Sean , Grubaugh Nathan D. , Spudich Serena , Barakat Lydia Aoun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus SARS-CoV-2. It is widely recognized as a respiratory pathogen, but neurologic complications can be the presenting manifestation in a subset of infected patients. Case presentation: We describe a 78-year old immunocompromised woman who presented with altered mental status after witnessed seizure-like activity at home. She was found to have SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated neuroinflammation. In this case, we undertake the first detailed analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokines during COVID-19 infection and find a unique pattern of inflammation in CSF, but no evidence of viral neuroinvasion. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that neurologic symptoms such as encephalopathy and seizures may be the initial presentation of COVID-19. Central nervous system inflammation may associate with neurologic manifestations of disease.