bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinically relevant connectivity features define three subtypes of Parkinson's disease patients
Authors: Guo Tao , Guan Xiaojun , Zhou Cheng , Gao Ting , Wu Jingjing , Song Zhe , Xuan Min , Gu Quanquan , Huang Peiyu , Pu Jiali , Zhang Baorong , Cui Feng , Xia Shunren , Xu Xiaojun , Zhang Minming 
Published: June 2020

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by complex clinical symptoms, including classic motor and nonmotor disturbances. Patients with PD vary in clinical manifestations and prognosis, which point to the existence of subtypes. This study aimed to find the fiber connectivity correlations with several crucial clinical symptoms and identify PD subtypes using unsupervised clustering analysis. One hundred and thirty‐four PD patients and 77 normal controls were enrolled. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was performed to define the clinically relevant connectivity features, which were then used in the hierarchical clustering analysis to identify the distinct subtypes of PD patients. Multimodal neuroimaging analyses were further used to explore the neurophysiological basis of these subtypes. The methodology was validated in an independent data set. CCA revealed two significant clinically relevant patterns (motor‐related pattern and depression‐related pattern; r = .94, p < .001 and r = .926, p = .001, respectively) among PD patients, and hierarchical clustering analysis identified three neurophysiological subtypes (“mild” subtype, “severe depression‐dominant” subtype and “severe motor‐dominant” subtype). Multimodal neuroimaging analyses suggested that the patients in the “severe depression‐dominant” subtype exhibited widespread disruptions both in function and structure, while the other two subtypes exhibited relatively mild abnormalities in brain function. In the independent validation, three similar subtypes were identified. In conclusion, we revealed heterogeneous subtypes of PD patients according to their distinct clinically relevant connectivity features. Importantly, depression symptoms have a considerable impact on brain damage in patients with PD.
“When I got the news”: Aboriginal fathers in the Kimberley region yarning about their experience of the antenatal period
Authors: Carlin Emma , Cox Zaccariah , Spry Erica , Monahan Conor , Marley Julia V. , Atkinson David 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIssue addressedPaternal involvement during the antenatal period is recognised as a positive contributor to a child's health and developmental outcomes. Little is known about Aboriginal Australian men's experiences and perceptions during their partner's antenatal period.MethodsA qualitative yarning methodology was used to explore the experiences of ten Aboriginal Australian fathers during their partner's antenatal period, in a remote Northern Australian town.ResultsThe study found the participants valued supporting their partners through pregnancy, making positive changes to their lifestyles, and having access to information on pregnancy. Participants described experiencing multiple stressors during the antenatal period that impacted on their social and emotional wellbeing. This is despite the range of protective factors identified by them. Participants had diverse experiences with health care providers during the antenatal period.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that these Aboriginal men valued engagement with antenatal care (ANC) services and highlighted strategies to improve Aboriginal paternal involvement with ANC services.So what?Enhancing ANC to be inclusive of fathers, through a local co‐design process, could strengthen and support Aboriginal families to achieve improved health and wellbeing outcomes across the family system.
A feasibility study of implementing a patient‐centered outcome set for pregnancy and childbirth
Authors: Depla Anne L. , Ernst‐Smelt Hiske E. , Poels Marjolein , Crombag Neeltje M. , Franx Arie , Bekker Mireille N. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsPatient‐reported outcome and experience measures (PROM and PREM) can facilitate shared decision making and hold potential to improve healthcare quality. However, their adoption in perinatal care is still limited. The International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) developed a Pregnancy and Childbirth (PCB) outcome set, including PROM and PREM questionnaires. We studied the feasibility to use these PROMs/PREMs in Dutch perinatal care, addressing both women's and professionals' perspective.MethodsPatients and professionals in primary and hospital care participated. Women under care at one of five timepoints for PROM/PREM collection of the PCB set (2 during pregnancy, 3 postpartum) were e‐mailed a questionnaire and discussed their answers with their obstetric professional the next regular visit. Compliance was recorded. After discussing the PROMs/PREMs, usability and experience were assessed with separate surveys amongst women and professionals.ResultsOf 26 women approached, 21 completed and discussed their PROM/PREM questionnaire. Mean questionnaire completion rate was 97%. Average reported time completing the questionnaires was 10 minutes; most women (90%) stated this was acceptable. Women preferred completing questionnaires digitally and discuss their answers with an obstetric professional rather than other care professionals, also 6 months postpartum. Over half of women agreed PROMs/PREMs supported shared decision making (58%), ability to raise issues (60%), and patient‐clinician relationship (52%). Six professionals participated: two obstetricians, two clinical midwives, and two community midwives. Most professionals experienced sufficient time to discuss the responses, except at 6 months postpartum. They knew what items to discuss but did not always feel responsible to act upon them. Professionals agreed PROMs/PREMs supported symptom detection and personalized care.ConclusionsPatients and obstetric professionals consider the PCB set a feasible instrument for PROM/PREM assessment, with good compliance, acceptability and usability. Important determinants of successful implementation are a well‐equipped ICT‐tool, agreements regarding professionals' responsibilities and how outcomes are discussed or acted upon.
Automated diagnosis system for age‐related macular degeneration using hybrid features set from fundus images
Authors: Khalid Samina , Akram Muhammad Usman , Shehryar Tehmina , Ahmed Waqas , Sadiq Marium , Manzoor Mahak , Nosheen Nelam 
Published: June 2020

AbstractImpairment to macula can cause loss of central vision. There are various macular disorders that can affect macular region and if not treated at an early stage can cause irreversible central vision loss. Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) disorder is one of the most threading macular disorder. Bright lesion, drusens presence in macular region is known as the hallmark of AMD disorder. This bright lesion differentiation from other bright lesion like exudates is important for accurate diagnosis of AMD. Focus of this article is automated diagnosis of affected macular region by applying a hybrid features set containing textural, color, and structural/shape features for more accurate detection of AMD at an early stage using fundus images. These features also help to distinguish drusens from exudates. The proposed algorithm at first stage, detect macular region from input fundus image and then perform features extraction based on textural pattern, edge, and structural properties of macular region to classify abnormal macula from normal macula. For classification, we have used support vector machine (SVM), K‐nearest neighbor and neural networks but SVM classifier achieves high accuracy. The proposed algorithm is tested on publicly available STARE and locally available AFIO datasets. Attained sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of our proposed system are 97.5%, 95% and 95.45%, respectively, when applied on STARE dataset. When we have applied our proposed system on AFIO dataset, we have attained sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 93.3%, 92% and 92.34%, respectively.
Promoting parent–infant responsiveness in families experiencing homelessness
Authors: Herbers Janette E. , Cutuli J. J. , Fugo Perrin B. , Nordeen Elke R. , Hartman Michael J. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTMy Baby's First Teacher is an intervention designed specifically for parents with infants staying in emergency homeless shelters. Infants are overrepresented in shelter populations and face considerable risk to their development, including mental health. We utilized a randomized controlled design across three family shelters to evaluate the program's effectiveness with 24 dyads assigned to the intervention compared to 21 dyads in care‐as‐usual. Dyads were randomized by round at each site to account for shelter effects. We used path analysis to illustrate change over time and in relation to intervention assignment.
Mother's prenatal and postpartum depression symptoms and infant's sleep problems at 6 months
Authors: Dias Cláudia Castro , Figueiredo Bárbara 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTMother's prenatal and postpartum depression have been associated with infant's sleep problems. This study aimed to analyze (a) the effects of mother's prenatal and postpartum depression symptoms, including the effects of prenatal and postpartum anxiety and depression scores of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), on infant's sleep problems at 6 months, and (b) the interaction effect between mother's prenatal and postpartum depression symptoms and infant's sex on infant's sleep problems at 6 months. The sample was comprised of 164 mother–infant dyads whose mothers completed measures of depression at the third trimester of pregnancy, 2 weeks, 3 and 6 months postpartum and a measure of infant's sleep problems at 6 months (CSHQ‐I). Mother's prenatal depression symptoms, specifically depression scores of the EPDS, predicted more infant's sleep anxiety and daytime sleepiness, while mother's depression symptoms at 2 weeks postpartum, specifically anxiety scores of the EPDS, predicted more bedtime resistance and CSHQ‐I total scores at 6 months. Boys of mothers with more prenatal depression symptoms presented more sleep anxiety at 6 months. Both mother's prenatal and early postpartum depression symptoms have a negative effect on the emergence of infant's sleep problems. Additionally, boys seem more vulnerable to mother's prenatal depression symptoms.
Nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF‐E2) p45‐related factor 2 interferes with homeodomain‐interacting protein kinase 2/p53 activity to impair solid tumors chemosensitivity
Authors: D'Orazi Gabriella , Garufi Alessia , Cirone Mara 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResistance to chemotherapy represents a major hurdle to successful cancer treatment. A key role for efficient response to anticancer therapies is played by TP53 oncosuppressor gene that indeed is mutated in 50% of human cancers or inactivated at protein level in the remaining 50%. Homeodomain‐interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) is the wild‐type p53 (wtp53) apoptotic activator, and its inhibition by hypoxia or hyperglycemia may contribute to tumor chemoresistance mainly by impairing p53 apoptotic activity. Another important molecule able to induce chemoresistance is nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF‐E2) p45‐related factor 2 (NRF2) transcription factor, whose activation by oxidative and/or electrophilic stress regulates a transcriptional antioxidant program allowing cancer cells to adapt and survive to stresses. NRF2 may shift from cytoprotective to tumor‐promoting function, according to tumor phases. NRF2 may crosstalk with both wtp53 and mutant p53 (mutp53), inhibiting the wtp53 apoptotic function and strengthening the mutp53 oncogenic function. NRF2 has also been shown to induce HIPK2 mRNA expression cooperating in inducing cytoprotection. Although HIPK2, p53, and NRF2 have been individually extensively studied, their interplay has not been clearly addressed yet. On the basis of the background and our results, we aim at hypothesizing the unexpected pro‐survival activity played by the NRF2/HIPK2/p53 interplay that can be hijacked by cancer cells to bypass drugs cytotoxicity.
Effects of genetic variations in Acads gene on the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Yuan Yiming , Yang Shanshan , Deng Dan , Chen Yulong , Zhang Caixia , Zhou Ruixue , Su Zhiguang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractShort‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD), encoded by the Acads gene, functions in the mitochondrial β‐oxidation of saturated short‐chain fatty acids. SCAD deficiency results in mitochondrial dysfunction, which is one underlying biological mechanism of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis. In this case–control study, we aimed to examine the effects of Acads gene polymorphisms on the susceptibility to COPD. A total of 16 tagging single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Acads gene region was identified and genotyped in 646 unrelated ethnic Chinese Han individuals including 279 patients with COPD and 367 healthy controls, their allelic and genotypic associations with COPD were determined by different genetic models. Furthermore, we estimated the linkage disequilibrium and haplotypes from these tested variants and determined the effects of haplotypes on the risk of COPD. The allelic and genotypic frequencies of SNPs rs2239686 and rs487915 in Acads gene were significantly different between COPD patients and controls, no statistically significant results were observed for other SNPs. Minor alleles A of rs2239686 and T of rs487915 were associated with a decreased pulmonary function and an increased COPD risk in a dominant manner. Functional analysis indicated that the risk allele A of rs2239686 could increase Acads expressions and the intracellular reactive oxygen species content. Haplotype analysis revealed that the haplotypes CTCCT in block 2 (rs3794216‐rs3794215‐rs34491494‐rs558314‐rs7312316) as well as GC in block 3 (rs2239686‐rs487915) were protective against COPD, while haplotypes CTCGC in block 2 and AT in block 3 exhibited significant associations with the increased susceptibility to COPD. Our results suggest that Acads gene could potentially be a risk factor of COPD and thus its genetic variants might be as genetic biomarkers to predict the COPD susceptibility.
Potential damage in pulmonary arterial hypertension: An experimental study of pressure‐induced damage of pulmonary artery
Authors: Wang Yuheng , Gharahi Hamidreza , Grobbel Marissa R. , Rao Akshay , Roccabianca Sara , Baek Seungik 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is associated with elevated pulmonary arterial pressure. PAH prognosis remains poor with a 15% mortality rate within 1 year, even with modern clinical management. Previous clinical studies proposed wall shear stress (WSS) to be an important hemodynamic factor affecting cell mechanotransduction, growth and remodeling, and disease progress in PAH. However, WSS in vivo is typically at most 2.5 Pa and a doubt has been cast whether WSS alone can drive disease progress. Furthermore, our current understanding of PAH pathology largely comes from small animals' studies in which caliber enlargement, a hallmark of PAH in humans, is rarely reported. Therefore, a large‐animal experiment on pulmonary arteries (PAs) is needed to validate whether increased pressure can induce enlargement of PAs caliber. In this study, we use an inflation testing device to characterize the mechanical behavior, both nonlinear elastic behavior and irreversible damage of porcine arteries. The parameters of elastic behavior are estimated from the inflation test at a low‐pressure range before and after over‐pressurization. Then, histological images are qualitatively examined for medial and adventitial layers. This study sheds light on the relevance of pressure‐induced damage mechanism in human PAH.
Effects of metformin and pioglitazone combination on apoptosis and AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in human anaplastic thyroid cancer cells
Authors: Ozdemir Kutbay Nilufer , Biray Avci Cigir , Sarer Yurekli Banu , Caliskan Kurt Cansu , Shademan Behrouz , Gunduz Cumhur , Erdogan Mehmet 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAnaplastic cancer constitutes 1% of thyroid cancers, and it is one of the most aggressive cancers. Treatment options are external radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. The success rate with these treatment modalities is not satisfactory. We aimed to evaluate the effects of metformin (MET) and pioglitazone (PIO) combination on apoptosis and AMP‐activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in human anaplastic thyroid cancer cells. In this study, we evaluated the effects of MET and PIO individually and the combination of the two drugs on the cellular lines SW1736 and C643 ATC. Genes contained in the mTOR signaling pathway were examined using human mTOR Signalization RT2 Profiler PCR Array. In C643 and SW1736 cell lines, IC50 doses of MET and PIO were found out as 17.69 mM, 11.64 mM, 27.12 µM, and 23.17 µM. Also, the combination of MET and PIO was determined as an additive according to isobologram analyses. We have found the downregulation of the expression levels of oncogenic genes: AKT3, CHUK, CDC42, EIF4E, HIF1A, IKBKB, ILK, MTOR, PIK3CA, PIK3CG, PLD1, PRKCA, and RICTOR genes, in the MET and PIO combination‐treated cells. In addition, expression levels of tumor suppressor genes, DDIT4, DDIT4L, EIF4EBP1, EIF4EBP2, FKBP1A, FKBP8, GSK3B, MYO1C, PTEN, ULK1, and ULK2, were found to have increased significantly. The MET + PIO combination was first applied to thyroid cancer cells, and significant reductions in the level of oncogenic genes were detected. The decreases, particularly, in AKT3, DEPTOR, EIF4E, ILK, MTOR, PIK3C, and PRKCA expressions indicate that progression can be prevented in thyroid cancer cells and these genes could be selected as therapeutic targets.
MiR‐10b inhibits migration and invasion of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via regulating E2F7
Authors: Xu Cui , Qi Xiangxiu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAbnormal microRNAs (miRNAs) expression is closely related to the development and poor prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We aimed to elucidate the invasive mechanism and clinical significance of miR‐10b in PDAC.MethodsThe RNA sequence data of pancreatic cancer were extracted from the TCGA database. R packages were performed to analyze the differential expression of RNAs. TargetScan, picTar, and miRanda were used to predict the target gene of miRNA. The expression level of the selected candidate was tested by western blot and RT‐PCR in PDAC cells and tissues. Scrape and Transwell assays were determined the effect of candidate molecules on cell migration and invasion. The gain of function and loss of function was achieved by co‐culture with mimics and vector. Luciferase reporters were generated based on the psiCHECK2 vector. The relative luciferase activity was measured with the Dual‐Luciferase Reporter Assay System and Infinate M200 PRO microplate reader.ResultsBased on the TCGA data and bioinformatics analysis, we obtained seven differentially expressed miRNAs. Both TCGA data and our center clinical date indicated that miR‐10b was contributed to the poor survival of PDAC. Based on the target gene prediction database, we found that E2F7 was a target mRNA of miR‐10b. In subsequent experiments in molecular biology, miR‐10b expression was downregulated in PDAC cells and tissues, while E2F7 was upregulated. Scrape and Transwell assay indicated that miR‐10b could inhibit the invasion and migration of PDAC. MiR‐10b was confirmed to be by the E2F7 targeting site by dual‐luciferase report. Moreover, rescue experiments prove that miR‐10b could inhibit the invasion and migration of PDAC cells by regulating E2F7 expression.ConclusionOur results suggest that miR‐10b could inhibit the progression of PDAC by regulating E2F7 expression and acts as an independent prognostic risk factor for PDAC.
Urinary neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin rapidly decreases in the first week after kidney transplantation
Authors: Wang Yaqi , Jia Yu , Wang Chunyan , Gao Xiaojuan , Liu Yuke , Yue Baohong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecipient delayed graft function, which is defined as dialysis in the first week after transplantation, is one of the most common early complications after kidney transplantation. This study aimed to evaluate the daily changes in renal function‐related biomarkers in the first week post‐transplant.MethodsA total of 72 kidney transplant recipients were retrospectively included in this study. Clinical and laboratory data were collected daily during the first week post‐transplant, including urinary concentrations of neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL), serum concentrations of NGAL, creatinine, urea nitrogen, uric acid (UA), β2‐microglobulin, cystatin C, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).ResultsThere were no significant differences in urea nitrogen (P = .375), UA (P = .090), and cystatin C (P = .691), while urinary NGAL (P < .0001), serum NGAL (P < .0001), creatinine (P < .0001), β2‐microglobulin (P < .0001), and eGFR (P < .0001) were statistically significant in the first week post‐transplant. In comparison with serum NGAL (P < .0001), creatinine (P < .0001), β2‐microglobulin (P = .001), and eGFR (P = .001), the change ratios of urinary NGAL changed the most between day 1 and day 2 after renal transplantation, while the changing degree of urinary NGAL showed no significant difference compared with these indicators between day 1 and day 7 after kidney transplantation.ConclusionUrinary NGAL is a sensitive marker for indicating renal function. Urinary NGAL combined with other markers can be more helpful for evaluating renal function in the first week following kidney transplantation.
Development of a sensitive HPLC‐MS/MS method for 25‐hydroxyvitamin D2 and D3 measurement in capillary blood
Authors: Jiao XianTing , Yuan Yichun , Wang Xirui , Li Juan , Liu Bin , Yuan Tao , Yu XiaoDan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundMeasurement of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D)] levels is important. The current method requires a relatively large volume of serum. To minimize the amount of serum needed, we established a high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS) method to measure 25(OH)D in capillary serum.MethodsVenous blood and fingertip blood were collected from 90 participants. Volumes of 100 µL of venous serum and 20 µL of capillary serum were collected. The serum samples were pretreated by protein removal, extraction and concentration, and an HPLC‐MS/MS method based on chromatographic separation and multi reactive ion monitoring was conducted. The intra‐ and inter‐batch variation coefficients were less than 10% for both 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3[25(OH)D3] and 25‐hydroxyvitamin D2[25(OH)D2)]. For venous specimens, the accuracies were 3.87% and 4.91%, respectively. For capillary specimens, the accuracies were 1.65% and 5.32%, respectively.ResultsThe limit of detection (LOD) of 25(OH)D3 was 0.01 ng/mL, and the LOD of 25(OH)D2 was 0.05 ng/mL. The results showed that the mean concentration of 25(OH)D in venous blood was 22.56 ± 9.50 ng/mL, while the mean concentration of 25(OH)D in capillary blood was 18.14 ± 7.86 ng/mL. Furthermore, the adjusted capillary blood 25(OH)D level was 22.99 ± 10.24 ng/mL by the correction formula in our study. Similarly, the mean concentration of 25(OH)D3 in capillary blood was 17.98 ± 7.98 ng/mL. The adjusted capillary blood 25(OH)D3 level was 22.85 ± 10.42 ng/mL. No difference in the content of 25(OH)D or 25(OH)D3 was found between venous serum and corrected capillary serum. The correlation coefficients between venous and corrected capillary concentrations of 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D3 were 0.7941 and 0.8103, respectively, and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.9367 and 0.9565, respectively.ConclusionsThis capillary blood method requires minimal sample preparation and is suitable for routine use in the 25(OH)D detection.