bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Proteins Associated with the Early Restoration of Insulin Sensitivity After Biliopancreatic Diversion
Authors: Karlsson Cecilia , Wallenius Kristina , Walentinsson Anna , Greasley Peter J , Miliotis Tasso , Hammar Mårten , Iaconelli Amerigo , Tapani Sofia , Raffaelli Marco , Mingrone Geltrude , Carlsson Björn 
Published: August 2020

AbstractContextInsulin resistance (IR) is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, diabetic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) is the most effective form of bariatric surgery for improving insulin sensitivity.ObjectiveTo identify plasma proteins correlating with the early restoration of insulin sensitivity after BPD.DesignProspective single-center study including 20 insulin-resistant men with morbid obesity scheduled for BPD. Patient characteristics and blood samples were repeatedly collected from baseline up to 4 weeks postsurgery. IR was assessed by homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), Matsuda Index, and by studying metabolic profiles during meal tolerance tests. Unbiased proteomic analysis was performed to identify plasma proteins altered by BPD. Detailed plasma profiles were made on a selected set of proteins by targeted multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (MRM/MS). Changes in plasma proteome were evaluated in relation to metabolic and inflammatory changes.ResultsBPD resulted in improved insulin sensitivity and reduced body weight. Proteomic analysis identified 29 proteins that changed following BPD. Changes in plasma levels of afamin, apolipoprotein A-IV (ApoA4), and apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA2) correlated significantly with changes in IR.ConclusionCirculating levels of afamin, ApoA4, and ApoA2 were associated with and may contribute to the rapid improvement in insulin sensitivity after BPD.
Oral Salt Loading Test is Associated With 24-Hour Blood Pressure and Organ Damage in Primary Aldosteronism Patients
Authors: Yoshida Yuichi , Yoshimura Saki , Kinoshita Mizuki , Ozeki Yoshinori , Okamoto Mitsuhiro , Gotoh Koro , Masaki Takayuki , Shibata Hirotaka 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective
In the present study, we investigated the most useful confirmatory test for reflecting the severity of primary aldosteronism (PA), by evaluating 24-hour blood pressure (BP), urine albumin, left ventricular mass (LVM), and intima media thickness (IMT).

Methods
This study included 113 patients (80 PA and 33 non-PA hypertensive patients) who were admitted to Oita University Hospital and evaluated using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). First, casual blood pressure (BP) and ABPM parameters were compared between PA and non-PA patients. Second, patients were divided into PA-positive and PA-negative groups based on confirmatory tests, including the saline infusion test (SIT), captopril challenge test (CCT), and oral salt loading test (OSLT), and casual BP and ABPM parameters were compared between the 2 groups. In addition, urine albumin excretion, LVM, and maximum IMT as markers of organ damage were compared between the 2 groups.

Results
The ABPM parameters but not casual BP, were higher in PA patients than in non-PA patients. Nocturnal and 24-hour systolic BP (SBP) in OSLT-positive patients were significantly higher than in OSLT-negative patients. ABPM parameters in other confirmatory tests were not different between the PA-positive and PA-negative groups. Urine albumin excretion in OSLT-positive patients was significantly higher than in the OSLT-negative patients. However, in other confirmatory tests, organ damage markers were not different between the 2 groups.

Conclusion
The OSLT is potentially useful not only for the diagnosis of PA but also for assessment of 24-hour SBP and organ damage, as indicated by urine albumin excretion.
Synthesis of Phosphorus-Modified AFX Zeolite by the Hydrothermal Conversion of Tetraalkylphosphonium Hydroxide-Impregnated FAU Zeolite
Authors: Onishi Misae , Tsunoji Nao , Sadakane Masahiro , Sano Tsuneji 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Phosphorus-modified AFX zeolite was synthesized by the hydrothermal conversion of FAU zeolite, which was impregnated with tetraethylphosphonium hydroxide (TEPOH). For the optimization of the introduced phosphorus, we investigated the influence of the loaded amount of TEPOH on FAU zeolite and tested the combination of the starting materials, composed of phosphorus-free and TEPOH-impregnated FAU zeolites. The synthesis system, employing the combined starting materials, effectively incorporated phosphorus into AFX zeolite while the TEPOH-impregnated FAU zeolite was not effective as a solo starting material. X-ray diffractometry, N2 adsorption, and elemental analysis were employed to confirm the high purity of the AFX zeolite, obtained from the utilization of combined starting materials. Moreover, 13C and 31P magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy further revealed the modification of phosphorus in which the phosphorus species interacting with the zeolite framework was formed via the decomposition of tetraethylphosphonium (TEP) by calcination.
Case Report: Use of hydroxychloroquine and N-acetylcysteine for treatment of a COVID-19 patient
Authors: Puyo Carlos , Kreig Danielle , Saddi Venugopal , Ansari Essam , Prince Oliver 
Published: August 2020

There is worldwide concern for lack of specific therapy against the novel Betacoronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This case report presents the results of a pharmacological intervention aimed at modulating the inflammatory effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in an effort to avoid the use of mechanical ventilation. A COVID-19 positive patient was admitted with multisystem organ dysfunction, including acute respiratory insufficiency, and was treated with a combination of low oral doses of hydroxychloroquine and intravenous N-acetylcysteine (NAC). The combination therapy resulted in noticeable clinical improvement and a quantifiable decrease of several of the inflammatory markers measured, in particular ferritin levels, C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactic acid. He also developed pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), both known side effects of COVID-19 infection. Following thrombolysis and heparinization his clinical evolution continued a positive trend until discharge. The therapeutic approach utilized in this case suggests that early intervention not only decrease acute organ dysfunction but also may decrease the need for mechanical ventilation in COVID-19 positive patients.
Journal editors: How do their editing incomes compare?
Authors: Lee Janice C. L. , Watt Jennifer , Kelsall Diane , Straus Sharon 
Published: August 2020

Background:The work of journal editors is essential to producing high-quality literature, and editing can be a very rewarding career; however, the profession may not be immune to gender pay gaps found in many professions and industries, including academia and clinical medicine. Our study aimed to quantify remuneration for journal editors from core clinical journals, determine if a gender pay gap exists, and assess if there are remuneration differences across publishing models and journal characteristics.Methods:We completed an online survey of journal editors with substantial editing roles including section editors and editors-in-chief, identified from the Abridged Index Medicus “Core Clinical” journals in MEDLINE. We analyzed information on demographics, editing income, and journal characteristics using a multivariable partial proportional odds model for ordinal logistic regression.Results:There were 166 survey respondents (response rate of 9%), which represented editors from 69 of 111 journals (62%). A total of 140 fully completed surveys were analyzed (95 males and 45 females); 50 (36%) editors did not receive remuneration for editorial work. No gender pay gap and no difference in remuneration between editors who worked in subscription-based publishing vs. open access journals were detected. Editors who were not primarily health care providers were more likely to have higher editing incomes (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-7.46). Editors who worked more than 10 hours per week editing earned more than those who worked 10 hours or less per week (adjusted OR 16.7, 95%CI 7.02-39.76).Conclusions:We were unable to detect a gender pay gap and a difference in remuneration between editors who worked in subscription-based publishing and those in open access journals. More than one third of editors surveyed from core clinical journals did not get remunerated for their editing work.
A cross-sectional observational study investigating the association between sedges (swamp grasses, Cyperaceae) and the prevalence of immature malaria vectors in aquatic habitats along the shore of Lake Victoria, western Kenya
Authors: Bokore Getachew E. , Ouma Paul , Onyango Patrick O. , Bukhari Tullu , Fillinger Ulrike 
Published: August 2020

Background: Strategies that involve manipulations of the odour-orientation of gravid malaria vectors could lead to novel attract-and-kill interventions. Recent work has highlighted the potential involvement of graminoid plants in luring vectors to oviposition sites. This study aimed to analyse the association between water-indicating graminoid plants (Cyperaceae, sedges), other abiotic and biotic factors and the presence and abundance of early instar Anopheles larvae in aquatic habitats as a proxy indicator for oviposition. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 110 aquatic habitats along the shores of Lake Victoria was done during the rainy season. Habitats were sampled for mosquito larvae using the sweep-net method and habitat characteristics recorded. Results: Anopheles arabiensis was the dominant species identified from aquatic habitats. Larvae of the secondary malaria vectors such as Anopheles coustani, An. rufipes and An. maculipalpis were found only in habitats covered with graminoids, whereas An. arabiensis, An. ziemanni and An. pharoensis were found in both habitats with and without graminoid plants. The hypothesis that sedges might be positively associated with the presence and abundance of early instar Anopheles larvae could not be confirmed. The dominant graminoid plants in the habitats were Panicum repens, Cynodon dactylon in the Poaceae family and Cyperus rotundus in the Cyperaceae family. All of these habitats supported abundant immature vector populations. The presence of early instar larvae was significantly and positively associated with swamp habitat types (OR=22, 95% CI=6-86, P<0.001) and abundance of late Anopheles larvae (OR=359, CI=33-3941, P<0.001), whilst the association was negative with tadpole presence (OR=0.1, CI=0.0.01-0.5, P=0.008). Conclusions: Early instar malaria vectors were abundant in habitats densely vegetated with graminoid plants in the study area but specific preference for any of the graminoids could not be detected. In search for oviposition cues, it might be useful to screen for chemical volatiles released from all dominant plant species.
Translation, validity and reliability of the Danish version of the Adolescent Insomnia Questionnaire
Authors: Andreucci Alessandro , Lund Straszek Christian , Skovdal Rathleff Michael , Guldhammer Clara , de la Vega Rocio , Palermo Tonya M. 
Published: August 2020

Background: The Adolescent Insomnia Questionnaire (AIQ), English version, is the only validated screening measure developed specifically to identify insomnia symptoms in adolescents. To date, no specific screening tool for adolescent insomnia is present in Danish language. The aim of this study was to translate and validate the AIQ in a sample of Danish adolescents. Methods: The AIQ underwent a process of forward-backward translation and pilot testing. Subsequently, data were collected at baseline and two-week follow-up from adolescents aged 11-19, who completed both the AIQ and an available adult measure of insomnia (the Athens Insomnia Scale, AIS). The internal consistency, test-retest reliability and convergent validity were assessed. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to identify the latent factors underlying the questionnaire. Results: At baseline 185 adolescents (18% males and 82% females, mean age 16.0 years) and 102 (55.1%) at two-week follow-up completed the questionnaires. The AIQ showed excellent internal consistency for the total score (Cronbach's a: 0.88) and good convergent validity with the AIS total score (Pearson’s correlation value= 0.86, P<0.001). The test-retest reliability at two weeks was very satisfactory (ICC coefficient = 0.89; 95% CI 0.84, 0.92). Results from the exploratory factor analysis identified a three-model solution corresponding to the same three-model solution identified within the original development sample. Conclusions: The Danish version of the AIQ demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties in terms of internal consistency, test-retest reliability and validity, which supports its use as a screening tool for the identification of insomnia symptoms in adolescents, including Danish-speaking adolescents.
„Mówienie za kimś” jako język bez komunikacji
Authors: Kominek Andrzej 
Published: August 2020

“Talking after somebody”. A Language Without Communication
The paper examines “talking after somebody”, i.e. the phenomenon of echolalia which is especially characteristic for low-functioning people with autism. The paper shows that such speech is unintentional and uncommunicative. The language of autistic persons also does not fulfill the causative or persuasive role. It does, however, perform the function of uncoscious self-stimulation for those people. According to therapists, this type of behaviour should be eliminated at all cost.
Edward Piekarski (1858–1934) i jego Słownik jakucki (1907–1930)
Authors: Stachowski Marek 
Published: August 2020

Edward Piekarski (1858–1934) and His Yakut dictionary (1907–1930)
World’s first, and still unsurpassed, dictionary of the Yakut language was written by a Polish exile in Yakutia by the name of Edward Piekarski. His life has been analysed in several studies from Poland, be it often superficially and without own work in the archives, but his dictionary has hardly been addressed at all. The present paper collects biographic information from various sources, highlighting the discrepancies between them, and for the first time in linguistic literature analyses Piekarski’s views on the transcription of Yakut phonetics with an alphabet contrived by Otto von Böhtlingk about half a century before the creation of the Dictionary.
Quantifying Spray Deposition from a UAV Configured for Spot Spray Applications to Individual Plants
Authors: Richardson Brian , Rolando Carol A. , Kimberley Mark O. 
Published: August 2020

HighlightsSpot spraying is a method for applying pesticides to individual tree crowns.A new method is presented to quantify and analyze the two-dimensional spot spray deposit pattern produced by a UAV.A bivariate normal distribution provided a good fit to the observed deposition data for all treatments.Model parameters effectively described the shape of the ground deposits.Abstract. The purpose of this study was to develop a method for quantifying and analyzing the two-dimensional spray deposit pattern produced from a UAV spot spraying system for applying pesticides to individual plants with crown diameters in the range of 1 to 2 m. An XAG P20 UAV was flown over the center of a sampling grid, and spray deposits from three droplet size treatments, with nominal volume median diameters (VMDs) of 335, 430, and 1150 µm, were measured using horizontal steel plate collectors placed on blocks on the ground. A colorimetric tracer in the spray mix was used to quantify spray deposition. The positioning accuracy of the UAV was excellent, but the droplet sizes produced were much larger than expected. A bivariate normal distribution provided a good fit to the observed deposition data for all treatments. Model parameters effectively described the shape of the ground deposits. Displacement of the deposit distribution center was in a downwind direction. While there were no statistically significant effects of wind speed on the shape or degree of displacement of the center of mass of the observed ground deposit pattern, this was probably a result of the low wind speeds during the study, which were often close to or below the lower sensitivity threshold of the anemometer used. The actual spray coverage on a 2 m tall artificial tree target of 1 or 2 m diameter placed in the center of the plot was consistent across the range of droplet sizes and operating conditions tested. Nevertheless, it is hypothesized that targeting could be further improved if the UAV was slightly offset in an upwind direction and, conceptually, the degree of this displacement would increase as wind speed increased. A sampling grid spacing of 1.0 m would have produced results similar to the 0.5 m spacing actually used. Keywords: Aerial spraying, Pesticides, Spot spraying, Spray deposition, UAV, Unmanned aerial vehicle.
Soil Moisture Impacts Linear and Nonlinear Erodibility Parameters from Jet Erosion Tests
Authors: Khanal Anish , Fox Garey A. , Guertault Lucie 
Published: August 2020

HighlightsThe jet erosion test (JET) remains the most commonly used instrument for measuring in situ erodibility.This research investigated the impact of soil moisture content below saturation on erodibility parameters.Erodibility parameters were derived for both linear and nonlinear detachment models.Higher soil moisture increased initial resistance to erosion but also increased erosion rate.Abstract. The jet erosion test (JET) is a commonly employed technique to measure the erodibility of soils in situ by estimating the parameters of linear and nonlinear cohesive sediment detachment models. However, additional research is needed to understand the effect of soil moisture, a critical in situ test condition, on the derived erodibility parameters. This study compared the erodibility parameters, i.e., critical shear stress (tc) and the erodibility coefficient (kd) for the linear excess shear stress equation and two parameters (b0 and b1) for a nonlinear detachment model, from laboratory JETs across two soil types with contrasting texture and moisture contents. The general pattern was that higher soil moisture content increased the soil’s initial resistance to erosion (i.e., higher tc and b1), but once erosion was initiated the rate of erosion was greater (i.e., higher kd and b0). The magnitude of the changes in the erodibility parameters across the three soil moisture profiles investigated in this research were statistically significant, with kd and b0 varying by as much as a factor of 3. This research also confirmed the greater impact of soil moisture content on kd and b0 as compared to tc and b1. For the range of shear stress applied during these JETs, a linear detachment model was more appropriate for the sandy loam soil but less so for the more cohesive clay loam soil, but results were limited to a narrow range in applied shear stress. The results further support existing research conclusions that in situ erodibility measurements obtained under one set of soil moisture conditions may need to be adjusted to better predict soil detachment during storm events. Keywords: Cohesive soil, Critical shear stress, Detachment model, Erodibility, Jet erosion test, Shear stress, Soil moisture.
Probing ultrafast reaction mechanisms of photo-excited dithizone through transient absorption spectroscopy and computational CASSCF studies
Authors: Adeniyi Adebayo A. , von Stein Paul-Franzl X. , Bosman Gurthwin W. , Steenkamp Christine M. , Chiweshe Trevor , von Eschwege Karel G. , Conradie Jeanet 
Published: August 2020

Dithizone, with its derivatives and complexes, is characterized by seven classes of chromic reactions, which make it a remarkable candidate for diverse sensor applications. We now present dithizone’s chromic response to experimental photoexcitation as studied by ultrafast laser spectroscopy, density functional theory (DFT), and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) calculations. After vertical excitation to the first excited state, within 240 fs the reaction proceeds towards an intersystem crossing (ISC) that is coupled with a conical intercept (CI), while the second path proceeds via a second CI. The ISC leads to excited state tautomerization within 1.6 ps to form a triplet excited state product that takes a longer time to return back to reactant (

∼

5

n
s

), while the first and second CIs both lead to the ground state within 1.6 ps and 12 ps, respectively. Additionally, dynamics through both CIs allow for efficient repopulation of the reactant ground state. Theoretical calculations using minimum energy path analysis and CASSCF calculation (including n-electron valence state perturbation theory multireference perturbation theory correction) gave additional insight into ground and excited state conformational changes that are observed by means of experimental femtosecond laser pulse excitations of dithizone.
Extreme Raman red shift: ultrafast multimode nonlinear space-time dynamics, pulse compression, and broadly tunable frequency conversion
Authors: Carpeggiani P. A. , Coccia G. , Fan G. , Kaksis E. , Pugžlys A. , Baltuška A. , Piccoli R. , Jeong Y.-G. , Rovere A. , Morandotti R. , Razzari L. , Schmidt B. E. , Voronin A. A. , Zheltikov A. M. 
Published: August 2020

Ultrashort high-energy pulses at wavelengths longer than 1 µm are now desirable for a vast variety of applications in ultrafast and strong-field physics. To date, the main answer to the wavelength tunability for energetic, broadband pulses still relies on optical parametric amplification (OPA), which often requires multiple and complex stages, may feature imperfect beam quality, and has limited conversion efficiency into one of the amplified waves. In this work, we present a completely different strategy to realize an energy-efficient and scalable laser frequency shifter. This relies on the continuous red shift provided by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) over a long propagation distance in nitrogen-filled hollow-core fibers (HCF). We show a continuous tunability of the laser wavelength from 1030 nm up to 1730 nm with a conversion efficiency higher than 70% and high beam quality. The highly asymmetric spectral broadening, arising from the spatiotemporal nonlinear interplay between higher-order modes of the HCF, can be readily employed to generate pulses (

∼

20

f
s

) significantly shorter than the pump ones (

∼

200

f
s

) with high beam quality, and the pulse energy can further be scaled up to tens of millijoules. We envision that this technique, coupled with the emerging high-power Yb laser technology, has the potential to answer the increasing demand for energetic multi-TW few-cycle sources tunable in the near-IR.