bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malaria Risks Related To Poor Practices In The Use of Mosquito Bite Control Tools During The Cold And Hot Seasons
Authors: SOMINAHOUIN André , Dagnon Fortuné , Padonou Gil , N’Tcha Ludovic , Aikpon Rock , Akinro Bruno , Salako Albert Sourou , Agossa Fiacre , Tokponon Filemon , Gbénou Dina , Odjo Esdras , Houssou Christophe , Akogbéto Martin C. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: It is generally accepted that one of the reasons for the declining effectiveness of vector control tools (LLINs, IRS) is the misuse of these tools. Some people sleep outside while the walls of houses are treated with insecticide to protect people from mosquito bites.Methods:To check whether communities that misuse these tools are more exposed to malaria, we used the technique of direct and participatory observation of sleeping habits and we clocked every 30 min, the activities and positions of the communities from 7pm to 7am. The survey was conducted in 3 departments Northern Benin. These were mainly treatments related to variance analysis and descriptive statistics. Softwares used included SPSS 21, SAS 9.2 and Arcgis 10.4.Results: The study shows that 95% of the villages population included in the study stay in their rooms from 7:00 pm to 7:00 am, and only 5% of household members are outdoors during same time intervals during the harmattan season. On the other hand, during hot weather, there are more households outdoors (37%). Less than 20% of household members are outside their rooms during the harmattan season. This number decreases gradually until 10:00 pm when all of them are inside their rooms.Student Newman Keuls test shows that the household members being inside or outside their rooms does not depend on the urbanization situation of the village, but rather on the period. 65% exposed to mosquito bites gave irritation as the main reason for their behavior and 15% because of heat and lack of space. Overall, because of household member mobility and malaria vector behaviors, human exposure to An. gambiae was higher outside than inside, despite all the observed food preferences in the vectors.Conclusion:To curtail residual malaria transmission, it must be prioritized to raise awareness in the best use of the tools and provide other complementary control tools for use outside the home.
Investigation On The Health Status of 11800 Occupational Noise Workers in Xinjiang
Authors: Zhao Shiyu , He Dongkui , Zhang Hanwei , Hou Tingting , Yang Chengxin , Ding Wen , He Ping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the current status of occupational noise hazards in some Xinjiang enterprises, and to provide a basis for the development of targeted noise prevention measures. Methods: We used descriptive analysis to investigate a total of 11,800 subjects who underwent occupational health examination in Xinjiang Occupational Disease Prevention Hospital. Results: The hearing abnormality rate of noise exposure practitioners was 8.03%, which was higher in males than that in females (χ²=54.507, p <0.05). The abnormal rate of high-frequency hearing threshold in Xinjiang minorities was lower than that of Han nationality (χ²=11.780, p <0.05), the results of the electrocardiogram were reversed (χ²=9.128, p <0.05). Differences in abnormal rates of blood pressure (χ²=149.734, p <0.05), hearing (χ²=231.203, p <0.05), and physical examination (χ²=360.609, P <0.05) are statistically significant in different industries. The abnormal rate of blood pressure (χ²=67.416, p <0.05) and hearing (χ²=49.535, p <0.05) gradually decreases with the expansion of the enterprise scale. Conclusion: Male, elderly, mining, small and medium enterprise practitioners should be the key population for noise occupational hazard prevention. It is necessary to standardize occupational health management in enterprises, improve workers' self-protection awareness and the quality of life of employees.
Multi response Particle Swarm Optimization of Wire Electro Discharge Machining parameters of Nitinol alloys
Authors: Yunus Mohammed , Alsoufi Mohammad S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The conventional process of Machining of Nitinol alloy leads to extensive wear on the tool and deprived surface quality. Wire electro discharge machining (WEDM) is widely accepted for machining this alloy involving various input factors, namely, P, (pulse-on-duration), Q, (pulse-off-duration), C, (maximum-current), and V, (voltage). The factor’s effect on MRR (metal removal rate) and SR (surface roughness) responses and multi-response optimization of the WEDM process by employing PSO (particle swarm optimization) method are studied. The relationship model between factors and response characteristics were generated by ANOVA and optimized by response surface methodology has shown more significant factors (A and C). Though the effect of WEDM process factors on SR and MRR are contradictory when studied individually. MRPSO method was employed to get the best optimum condition for minimizing SR and maximizing MRR. MRPSO results improved the responses for vast combination of optimal setting of factors to meet the product requirements.
Gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acids are not associated with bone mass in healthy Chinese children: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Fengyan , Wei Qinzhi , Xu Dafeng , Wei Yuanhuan , Wang Jue , Amakye William Kwame , Pan Jialiang , Cui Zhuang , Zhang Zheqing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

The link between the gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and bone loss has already been observed in animal models and a few human studies in adults, but no such study has been conducted in children. We aimed to investigate whether the gut microbiota and fecal SCFAs are associated with bone mass in healthy Chinese children aged 6–9 years.
Methods

In this study, 236 healthy children including 145 boys and 91 girls were enrolled. Fecal samples from children were collected, and DNA was extracted. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to characterize the composition of their gut microbiota. Total and 10 subtypes of SCFAs in the fecal samples were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Dual X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure the bone mineral density and bone mineral content (BMC) for total body and total body less head (TBLH). Size-adjusted BMC for TBLH was calculated.
Result

The boys showed less gut microbial diversity than the girls, as indicated by the Chao1 index (364.02 (63.07) vs. 375.12 (43.50), P = 0.018) and abundance-based coverage estimator (362.65 (54.48) vs. 381.07 (40.19), P = 0.007). No significant sex difference was found in the relative abundance of the gut microbiota at any level. Multiple regression analysis after adjustment for covariates and multiple test correction showed that neither gut microbial richness (β: −0.15–0.16, P: 0.376–0.984) nor fecal subtypes of or total SCFAs (β: −0.06–0.17, P: 0.699–0.979) were correlated with bone mass measures in total samples. Similar results were observed in sex-specific analysis.
Conclusions

Our results did not support the hypothesis that the gut microbiota and fecal SCFA concentrations are associated with bone mass in children.
Trends of HIV/AIDS Infection in Arsi Zone from 2002-2008 E.C (2010 to 2016 G.C), Oromia Region Ethiopia: Evidence from VCT Registry
Authors: Tafa Mesfin Segni , Fekadu Hailu , Aseffa Martha , Teno Hirpo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction: HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed more than 35 million lives so far. Globally, about 36.7 million people living with HIV currently, more than two third of the infection is the burden of Sub-Saharan Africa. Knowing the status of HIV/AIDS has the great value to individual health of treatment with ART and in terms of reductions in individual morbidity and mortality, and is equally cost-effective. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess trends and associated factor of HIV infection in Arsi zone from 2010 to 2016.Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted in Arsi zone. Thirty health facilities (27 health centers and 3 Hospitals) were selected for the study from all woreda in the Zone. A total of 205,691 data was collected from VCT registration book. Data were entered into computer using Epi info 3.5.4 and exported for analysis to SPSS 21. Data were presented using tables and figures using line graphs. Logistic regression was used to see the association and significance was declared at P-value<0.05 Result: The study showed a total of 4300 HIV positive cases were reported between 2002(2009 G.C) to 2008(2016 G.C) according to available VCT registration book during survey at 30 health facilities. The trends of HIV of infection were not properly defined, it was 3.4% in 2002(2010 G.C ) and mean while a gradual drop has been observed in the next five consecutive years, almost which was less than 2% prevalence and in 2008 the prevalence was raised to 2.4% compared to 2007 and before. The changes in HIV prevalence were uneven among districts. Findings from logistic regression analysis indicated that the fitted demographic characteristics like, marital status, age and occupation were significantly associated with HIV positivity in both bivariate and multivariate analysis.Conclusion: There are no encouraging indications that the HIV prevalence has decreasing since there were variation among districts. Therefore there is a need of designing comprehensive strategy to combat the spread of HIV infections among all individuals. It is also important to strengthening VCT services at all level with strict follow up.
Efficacy of closed reduction for developmental dysplasia of the hip: midterm outcomes and risk factors associated with treatment failure and avascular necrosis
Authors: Zhang Ge , Li Ming , Qu Xiangyang , Cao Yujiang , Liu Xing , Luo Cong , Zhang Yuan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy after closed reduction (CR) in the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and investigate risk factors associated with CR failure and avascular necrosis (AVN) occurrence in the follow-ups.Primary and secondary outcome measures: The study retrospectively included 110 patients and 138 hips with DDH diagnosis between February 2012 and November 2015 in our single tertiary medical institution and underwent closed reduction. The failure rate of CR and the underlying risk factors were evaluated. meanwhile, the incidence of AVN and the related risk factors among the successful CR cases were assessed.Results: The overall failure rate of DDH treated by CR in present study was 31.16% (43/138). Risk factors for the CR failure was older age at the time of CR (≥18.35 month), large medical interval before CR (≥35.35 millimeters), and severer dislocation of the affected hip (IDHI grade III and IV). The incidence of AVN was 8.33% (6/72) in the patients with successful CR at last follow-up. No significant risk factors had been established in present study that associated with the AVN occurrence.Conclusions: For the treatment of DDH with CR, patients with younger age might achieve better outcomes, early diagnosis and early treatment might be the key point in the DDH treatment.
Comparing Zirconia to Anterior Strip Crowns: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Alaki Sumer M , Abdulhadi Bashaer S , Abdullah Medhat A , Al-Alamoudi Najla M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Providing restorations to anterior teeth in children is a challenging task due to the need for high esthetics, strength, and durability.
Aim
this study was done to compare prefabricated primary zirconia with resin composite strip crowns on primary maxillary central and lateral incisors with regards to gingival health, plaque accumulation, recurrent caries, restoration failure, and opposing teeth wear over a period of 3, 6 and 12 months.
Methods
Children attending the King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry (KAUFD) clinics who needed restorations were screened for inclusion criteria. A total of 120 teeth were treated; 60 with zirconia and 60 with strip crowns. Randomization was done by simple random allocation using SPSS software version 20.0 (Armonk, NY; IBM Corp.). A simple descriptive statistic was used for analysis by Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test and Chi-square test. Level of significance was set at (α = 0.05) and level of confidence at (95%).
Results
Zirconia crowns showed significantly less gingival bleeding at the 3- and 6-months follow up periods (p < 0.006, p < 0.001; respectively), less plaque accumulation at all follow up visits (p < 0.001), no restoration failure (p < 0.001), but more wear to opposing teeth (p < 0.02). No significant difference was found between the two crowns with regards to recurrent caries (p < 0.135).
Conclusion
Based on our data we conclude that overtime teeth covered with zirconia crowns show better gingival health and less bleeding, plaque accumulation, recurrent caries as well as less loss of material. On the other hand, zirconia can cause more loss of opposing tooth structure.
Noise-Robust Range Alignment Method for Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Based on Aperture Segmentation and Average Range Profiles Correlation
Authors: Lu Yue , Yang Jian , Zhang Yue , Xu Shiyou 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Range alignment is an essential procedure in translation motion compensation of inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging. Global optimization or maximum correlation-based algorithms have been used to realize range alignment. However, it is still challenging to achieve range alignment in low signal-to-noise ratio scenarios, which are common in inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging. In this paper, a novel anti-noise range alignment approach is proposed. In this new method, the target's motion is modelled as a uniformly accelerated motion during a short sub-aperture time. Minimum entropy optimization is implemented to estimate the motion parameters in each sub-aperture. These estimated parameters can be used to align the profiles of the current sub-aperture. Once each sub-aperture's range profiles are aligned, the noncoherent accumulation gain is obtained by averaging all profiles in each sub-aperture, which can be used as valuable information. The accumulation and correlation method is applied to align the average range profiles of each sub-aperture for the reason that the former step mainly focuses on alignment within the sub-apertures. Experimental results based on simulated and real measured data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in low signal-to-noise ratio scenarios.
Data-Independent Acquisition-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of m.3243A&gt;G MELAS Reveals Novel Potential Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Chang Xueli , Zhang Wei , Pu Chuanqiang , Shi Qiang , Wang Juan , Zhang Jing , Yan Li , Yang Wenqu , Zhang Hui , Guo Junhong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

The pathogenesis of mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is not completely understood. The m.3243A > G mutation responsible for 80% MELAS patients affects proteins with undetermined functions. Therefore, we performed quantitative proteomic analysis on skeletal muscle specimens from MELAS patients.
Methods

We recruited 10 patients with definitive MELAS and 10 controls matched by age and gender of MELAS patients for comparison. We performed nanospray liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based proteomic analysis in the data-independent acquisition (DIA) modes, followed by the statistical analysis to reveal the differentially expressed proteins.
Results

We identified 128 differential proteins between MELAS and controls, including 68 for down-regulation and 60 for up-regulation. We studied the differential proteins involved in oxidative stress and indicated a highly significant up-regulation of heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1), alpha-crystallin B chain (CRYAB) and heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) but a decrease of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and selenoprotein P (SEPP1). KEGG pathway analysis and gene ontology (GO) evaluation revealed that the phagosome, proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) signaling pathway and ribosome showed significant enrichment.
Conclusions

The results revealed that the imbalance between oxidative stress and antioxidant defense, activation of autophagosomes and abnormal metabolism of mitochondrial ribosome proteins played an important role in m.3243A > G MELAS. The combination of proteomic profiling and bioinformatics analysis could contribute novel molecular networks to the pathogenesis of MELAS in a comprehensive manner.
Urinary soluble VCAM-1 is a useful biomarker of disease activity and treatment response in lupus nephritis
Authors: Gasparin Andrese Aline , de Andrade Nicole Pamplona Bueno , Hax Vanessa , Palominos Penélope Esther , Siebert Marina , Marx Rômulo , Schaefer Pedro Guilherme , Veronese Francisco Veríssimo , Monticielo Odirlei André 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is involved in the progression of glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury in lupus nephritis (LN) and can be easily assessed in urine. The aim of this study was to assess urinary soluble VCAM-1 (uVCAM-1) as a biomarker of disease activity and treatment response in LN.Methods: This prospective study enrolled patients with class III, IV or V LN diagnosed within the last three years and divided them in two groups: with and without active nephritis at the inclusion. At each visit, a urine sample was collected for uVCAM-1 evaluation and the nephritis status was assessed.Results: Median uVCAM-1 level was elevated in patients with active compared to inactive LN (P<0.001). The ROC curve of uVCAM-1 demonstrated an AUC of 0.84 and a cutoff of 47.2 ng/mgCr yielded a good sensitivity (74.2%) and specificity (74.2%) for the diagnosis of active LN. A significant correlation was found between uVCAM-1 level and renal activity scores and traditional biomarkers of LN. The level of uVCAM-1 dropped in patients with active LN who went into remission (P<0.001), increased in patients who went into activity (P=0.002) and did not change in patients who remained inactive (P=0.797). The level of uVCAM-1 peaked during the flare of LN (P<0.05).Conclusion: The uVCAM-1 is a reliable biomarker that reflects renal disease activity and is useful for monitoring individual patients with lupus nephritis over time.
The Effect Of Study Abroad And Intensity Of Interaction On The Development Of L2 Pragmatic Routines By Chinese Learners Of English
Authors: Liu Ningyu , Yang Lianrui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Study abroad (SA) has been acknowledged as an influencing context in the Second Language Acquisition (SLA) field. Although numerous studies have researched the influence of SA on various pragmatic features, pragmatic routine has been scarcely focused on. This study employed a mixed-methods approach to investigate the effect of SA and intensity of interaction on second language (L2) pragmatic routines development. Two groups of Chinese graduate students completed a multilevel "vocabulary knowledge scale" (VKS) and a written discourse-completion task (DCT) to measure their recognition and production ability, and a language contact profile (LCP) to measure their intensity of interaction. Results revealed the positive influence and advantages of the SA context compared with AH (at-home) context. However, the positive effect of the SA context can not be generalized. SA group's performance was greatly influenced by their intensity of interaction. Through semi-structured interviews, it can be found that individual trajectories and characteristics can act as vital factors on pragmatic development.
WITHDRAWN: Anti-Oncogenic Activities Exhibited By Secretomes Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Mediated By Modulation Of KITLG and DKK1 Genes In Glioma Stem Cells.
Authors: Aslam Nazneen , Abusharieh Elham , Abuarqoub Duaa , Ali Dema , Al-Hattab Dana , Wehaibi Suha , Al-Kurdi Ban , Jamali Fatima , Alshaer Walhan , Jafar Hanan , Awidi Abdalla S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) use their stemness properties such as self renewal, toxicity, plasticity, and communication with the tumor microenvironment (TME) to perpetuate their lineage and survive chemotherapy. Learning how to interrupt the self renewal ability or modulate the interaction of CSCs with the TME signaling will dramatically improve therapeutic impact on patient’s remission. Anti-tumor properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are currently under investigations and different approaches have been applied to gain beneficial effects However, different types of MSCs yielded different conflicting results. In order to investigate if different types of MSCs preconditioned in the same culture conditions can exert alike anti oncogenic effect on glioma stem cells, we planned this study. Methods. GSCs were isolated from U87 cell line by FACS cell sorter, characterized and established as gliospheres. Condition media from MSCs of Wharton Jelly (WJ-MSCs) and bone marrow (BM-MSCs) were harvested and used as treatments on glioshperes (3D) to investigate the effect on proliferation, invasion and self renewal properties of GSCs. Microarray analysis was used to determine the effect at molecular level. Specific human CSC gene arrays were applied to validate the findings of the microarray explicitly the pluripotency of the GSCs. Results. Our results from functional and molecular assays showed that condition media (CM) from both types of MSCs inhibited the metabolism by interrupting oxidative phosphorylation, arrested the cell cycle, induced cell differentiation, targeted the pluripotency and up-regulated the immune response in GSCs. Moreover , condition media from both types of MSCs significantly affected the same genes (KITLG and DKK1) causing a similar effect while using slightly different routes and signaling pathways signifying their individual effects.Conclusion.We conclude that mesenchymal stem cells possess antitumor properties and paracrine factors of mesenchymal stem cells in combination with anti-immune modalities can provide novel therapeutic targets for glioma treatment.
Alpelisib Inhibits PIK3CA-Mutant Breast Cancer Growth Through AKT-Dependent Bim Induction and Mcl-1 Degradation
Authors: Tan Xiao , Zhang Zhongqiang , Liu Ping , Yao Hongliang , tong jingshan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: PIK3CA mutations are common genomic alterations in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers, currently, the development of selective PI3Kα (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase α) inhibitors is ongoing. The mechanisms contributing to the anticancer activity of alpelisib in PIK3CA-mutant breast cancer cells and the mechanism of acquired resistance to alpelisib remain elusive. Methods: Drug-sensitive cell lines were exposed to alpelisib to establish alpelisib-resistant cell lines. Western blotting was used to assess changes in protein expression. Apoptosis was evaluated by ﬂow cytometry. In vivo with mouse xenograft models and in vitro colony formation and MTS and assay were carried out to determine the growth inhibitory effects of the tested drugs. Protein half-lives were examined and proteasome inhibitors were used to estimate protein degradation. Gene knockdown was carried out using shRNA or siRNA. Results: In the present study, we report the potent induction of apoptosis by alpelisib in PIK3CA-mutant breast cancer cell lines. AKT phosphorylation suppression, AKT/Foxo3a-dependent Bim induction, and AKT/GSK-3β-dependent Mcl-1 degradation were observed. Apoptosis induced by alpelisib was attenuated by Mcl-1 (4A) overexpression or Bim suppression. Furthermore, alpelisib could not modulate Mcl-1 or Bim levels in cell lines that were resistant to alpelisib. AKT inhibitor and alpelisib combination restored the sensitivity of alpelisib-resistant cells to growth inhibition and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: Therefore, modulation of Mcl-1 degradation and AKT-dependent Bim induction are crucial for mediating the resistance and sensitivity of PIK3CA-mutant breast tumor cells to alpelisib, thus making it a productive strategy for overcoming acquired resistance to alpelisib.