bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variables associated with the hospitalization of psychiatric emergencies evaluated in the community
Authors: Turrina C. , Lucchi F. , Este R. , Micciolo R. , Fazzari G. , Sacchetti E. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryWe investigated hospitalization factors in acutely ill patients visited by psychiatrists at home. A series of 100 consecutive calls for psychiatric emergencies of a community mental health centre were investigated with a structured evaluation of psychiatric symptoms and aggressiveness (IEF, GAS, and VSAS). First order interactions were tested, and selected variables were tested with logistic regression analysis. Admission was significantly associated with GAS scores (low scores were found in 92.6% of admitted patients vs. 43.8% of patients not admitted), paranoid delusions (66.7 vs. 39.7%), and lack of social support (70.4 vs. 30.1%). Multivariate analysis confirmed a significant independent effect only for low GAS score and lack of social support. The study replicated some findings from research on hospitalization in emergency wards, while other factors, such as ’diagnosis’ and ’suicide risk’, were not significant.
Catatony in Graves' disease
Authors: Rudolf J , Grond M , Neveling M , Heiss W-D 
Published: July 2002

SummaryWe report a 27-year-old female patient with prior history of Graves' disease and relapsing episodes of tachycardia, hyperpyrexia, muscular rigidity and coma. With the subsequent manifestation of an acute schizophreniform psychotic disorder unresponsive to neuroleptics, the primary syndrome was re-classified as febrile catatony. Hyperthyroidism was ruled out with normal serum thyroid hormone levels, as were toxic effects of thyrostatic treatment, drug-induced hypothyroidism and a malignant neuroleptic syndrome. All psychiatric symptoms subsided completely following subtotal thyroidectomy. Febrile catatatony has to be added to the spectrum of psychotic phenomena that may be caused by Graves' disease, irrespective of serum thyroid hormone levels.
Relations between medical history, clinical findings and plasma N‐terminal proatrial natriuretic peptide in patients in primary health care
Authors: Smith Jørgen A. , Bruusgaard Dag , Bodd Egil , Hall Christian 
Published: July 2002

AbstractBackground:recent studies indicate that measurement of natriuretic peptides may be a valuable tool to improve the quality of the diagnosis of heart failure in general practice.Aim:the aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between the plasma level of the natriuretic peptide N‐terminal proANP and symptoms and signs of heart failure in patients from general practice in the Oslo area.Methods and Results:we undertook a survey of 499 patients consecutively enrolled from the practice of 27 practitioners. One hundred and twenty‐nine patients were classified as having possible or some degree of heart failure. The plasma concentration of N‐terminal proANP increased with severity of heart failure as judged from clinical examination. In multivariate analysis age, history of heart disease, plasma creatinine, use of beta‐blockers and digitalis, oedemas and atrial fibrillation were the main determinants of plasma N‐terminal proANP.Conclusion:while there was an overall increase in N‐terminal proANP values with increasing symptoms and degree of heart failure, no single finding was closely related to N‐terminal proANP. Treatment effects and diagnostic errors may both influence the relationship between N‐terminal proANP and clinical findings. The current study has demonstrated the feasibility of using N‐terminal proANP by general practitioners for the potentially improved diagnosis of heart failure. Further research is required to determine the precise role of this assay in clinical practice.
Prognosis of acute myocardial infarction in the thrombolytic era: medical evaluation is still valuable
Authors: Nicolau José C. , Serrano Carlos V. , Garzon Sérgio A.C. , Ramires José A.F. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractBackground:Modern and sophisticated technology for the management of myocardial infarction has progressively devalued medical evaluation.Hypothesis:This study was undertaken to assess the importance of the findings of medical evaluation at hospital presentation, in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods:Data from 590 thrombolytic‐treated myocardial infarction patients were analyzed. The patients were grouped according to their clinical status on arrival at hospital. A modified Forrester classification — subset II was divided according to the absence (IIa) or presence (IIb) of symptoms — was applied. Short‐ (14 days) and long‐term (up to 10 years) survival was analyzed and 19 independent variables were included in the multivariate models.Results:Short‐term survival was 95.6% for subset I, 83.3% for subset IIa, 60% for subset IIb, 54.6% for subset III, and 34.8% for subset IV (P < 0.001). By multiple regression analysis, lower clinical subsets (P < 0.001), fewer coronary arteries with disease (P ‐ 0.006), younger age (P ‐ 0.014), absence of reinfarction (P ‐ 0.034), longer interval between streptokinase infusion and coronary arteriography (P ‐ 0.016), and higher left ventricular ejection fraction (P ‐ 0.037) demonstrated significant and independent correlation with short‐term survival. Long‐term survival for the total population was 71 ± 3.6% for subset I, 54.4 ± 8.5% for subset IIa, 20.8 ± 9.4% for subset IIb, 54.5 ± 15% for subset III, and 0% for subset IV (P < 0.001). Using Cox regression analysis, lower clinical subsets (P < 0.001), younger age (P < 0.001), higher global left ventricular ejection fraction (P < 0.001), and fewer coronary arteries with disease (P ‐ 0.021) correlated independently and significantly with long‐term survival. When excluding data from patients who died before the short‐term follow‐up (n ‐ 532), lower clinical subsets remained an important predictor of long‐term survival (P < 0.001).Conclusion:Clinical classification at hospital presentation is a powerful predictor of short‐ and long‐term survival post‐myocardial infarction.
Cardioselective peripheral noradrenergic deficiency in Lewy body synucleinopathies
Authors: Lamotte Guillaume , Holmes Courtney , Sullivan Patricia , Lenka Abhishek , Goldstein David S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveLewy body (LB) synucleinopathies such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) entail profound cardiac norepinephrine deficiency. The status of sympathetic noradrenergic innervation at other extracranial sites has been unclear. Although in vivo neuroimaging studies have indicated a cardioselective noradrenergic lesion, no previous study has surveyed peripheral organs for norepinephrine contents in LB diseases. We reviewed 18F‐dopamine (18F‐DA) positron emission tomographic images and postmortem neurochemical data across several body organs of controls and patients with the LB synucleinopathies PD and pure autonomic failure (PAF) and the non‐LB synucleinopathy multiple system atrophy (MSA).Methods18F‐DA–derived radioactivity in the heart, liver, spleen, pancreas, stomach, kidneys, thyroid, and submandibular glands were analyzed from 145 patients with LB synucleinopathies (112 PD, 33 PAF), 74 controls, and 85 MSA patients. In largely separate cohorts, postmortem tissue norepinephrine data were reviewed for heart, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, thyroid, submandibular gland, and sympathetic ganglion tissue from 38 PD, 2 PAF, and 5 MSA patients and 35 controls.ResultsInterventricular septal 18F‐DA–derived radioactivity was decreased in the LB synucleinopathy group compared to the control and MSA groups (P < 0.0001 each). The LB and non‐LB groups did not differ in liver, spleen, pancreas, stomach, or kidney 18F‐DA–derived radioactivity. The LB synucleinopathy group had markedly decreased apical myocardial norepinephrine, but normal tissue norepinephrine in other organs. The MSA group had normal tissue norepinephrine in all examined organs.InterpretationBy in vivo sympathetic neuroimaging and postmortem neurochemistry peripheral noradrenergic deficiency in LB synucleinopathies is cardioselective. MSA does not involve peripheral noradrenergic deficiency.
Electrical Tuning of the Fifth‐Order Optical Nonlinearity of Antimony‐Doped Tin Oxide
Authors: Hou Ruipeng , Li Hui , Sun Yanhui , Diao Mengjuan , Liang Ying , Huang Zhipeng , Wang Jun , Humphrey Mark G. , Zhang Chi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this work, the electrical tuning of the fifth‐order nonlinear absorption of antimony‐doped tin oxide (ATO) by ionic liquid gating is demonstrated. The pristine ATO film exhibits two‐photon‐induced excited‐state absorption (2PA‐ESA) with laser excitation at 1030 nm. The fifth‐order nonlinear absorption coefficient (γeff) of the ATO film can be monotonically modified in the range of 0.51 to 3.46 cm3 GW−2 by varying the sample bias, with a maximum enhancement factor of 6.8. The fundamental processes occurring during electrical tuning are revealed. The electrostatic and electrochemical capacitance is responsible for the modification in the number of free carriers in the conduction band of ATO. The electrical modulation of the nonlinear absorption of the ATO is ascribed to the voltage‐dependent diameter of the undepleted core of ATO. A smaller voltage results in the charging of ATO and a larger undepleted core, and consequently the size of the active component for 2PA‐ESA is larger. The electrochemical capacitance results from the chemisorption of H+ and OH− on the surface of the ATO, the larger water content in the ionic liquid affording a larger modulation range for the number of free carriers and the γeff.
Improving the Thermal Stability of Top‐Emitting Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes by Modification of the Anode Interface
Authors: Deng Yali , Keum Changmin , Hillebrandt Sabina , Murawski Caroline , Gather Malte C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTop‐emitting organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are of interest for numerous applications, in particular for displays with high fill factors. To maximize efficiency and luminance, molecular p‐doping of the hole transport layer (p‐HTL) and a highly reflective anode contact, for example, made from silver, are used. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is attractive for thin film encapsulation of OLEDs but generally requires a minimum process temperature of 80 °C. Here it is reported that the interface between the p‐HTL and the silver anode of top‐emitting OLEDs degrades during an 80 °C ALD encapsulation process, causing an over fourfold reduction in OLED current and luminance. To understand the underlying mechanism of device degradation, single charge carrier devices are investigated before and after annealing. A spectroscopic study of p‐HTLs indicates that degradation is due to the interaction between diffusing silver ions and the p‐type molecular dopant. To improve the stability of the interface, either an ultrathin MoO3 buffer layer or a bilayer HTL is inserted at the anode/organic interface. Both approaches effectively suppress degradation. This work shows a route to successful encapsulation of top‐emitting OLEDs using ALD without sacrificing device performance.
Soft Electronics Based on Liquid Conductors
Authors: Gui Qinyuan , He Yonglin , Wang Yapei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSoft electronics is an emerging field that is lending great convenience to daily life. Soft electronics have shown great potentials in health monitoring, soft robotics, the Internet of Things, and so forth. Though soft electronics based on solid conductors have been intensively investigated and some considerable progress has been achieved, the intrinsic shortcomings of solid conductors are becoming the Achilles’ heel of soft electronics. Fortunately, many of the disadvantages of solid conductors can be offset by liquid conductors. Following the attractive advantages of liquid materials, in particular high flexibility, infinite deformability, self‐healing, and ease of doping/being doped, this review article summarizes a history of soft electronics based on liquid conductors and introduces the most up‐to‐date liquid conducting materials together with their representative featured functions. Particular applications in sensors, batteries, supercapacitors, thermoelectric conversion, and even memory devices are discussed in detail to intuitively emphasize how liquid conductors benefit soft electronics. In addition, limitations of liquid conductors are also discussed, as well as the key challenges and some innovative strategies to overcome them. Finally, future perspectives are put forward to develop soft electronics that are fully composed of liquid circuits.
Clinical spectrum in multiple families with primary COQ10 deficiency
Authors: Hashemi Seyyed S. , Zare‐Abdollahi Davood , Bakhshandeh Mohammad K. , Vafaee Amirreza , Abolhasani Sona , Inanloo Rahatloo Kolsoum , DanaeeFard Fardad , Farboodi Niloofar , Rohani Mohammad , Alavi Afagh 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCoenzyme Q10/COQ10, an essential cofactor in the electron‐transport chain is involved in ATP production. Primary COQ10 deficiency is clinically and genetically a heterogeneous group of mitochondrial disorders caused by defects in the COQ10 synthesis pathway. Its mode of inheritance is autosomal recessive and it is characterized by metabolic abnormalities and multisystem involvement including neurological features. Mutations in 10 genes have been identified concerning this group of diseases, so far. Among those, variants of the COQ7 gene are very rare and confined to three patients with Asian ancestry. Here, we present the clinical features and results of whole‐exome sequencing (WES) of three Iranian unrelated families affected by primary COQ10 deficiency. Three homozygous variants in COQ2, COQ4, and COQ7 genes were identified. Candidate variants of the COQ2 and COQ4 genes were novel and associated with the cerebellar signs and multisystem involvement, whereas, the known variant in COQ7 was associated with a mild phenotype that was initially diagnosed as hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP). This variant has already been reported in a Canadian girl with similar presentations that also originated from Iran suggesting both patients may share a common ancestor. Due to extensive heterogeneity in this group of disorders, and overlap with other mitochondrial/neurological disorders, WES may be helpful to distinguish primary coenzyme Q10 deficiency from other similar conditions. Given that some features of primary coenzyme Q10 deficiency may improve with exogenous COQ10, early diagnosis is very important.
Development and validation of the Uniform Data Set (v3.0) executive function composite score (UDS3‐EF)
Authors: Staffaroni Adam M. , Asken Breton M. , Casaletto Kaitlin B. , Fonseca Corrina , You Michelle , Rosen Howard J. , Boxer Adam L. , Elahi Fanny M. , Kornak John , Mungas Dan , Kramer Joel H. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroductionCognitive composite scores offer a means of precisely measuring executive functioning (EF).MethodsWe developed the Uniform Data Set v3.0 EF composite score (UDS3‐EF) in 3507 controls from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center dataset using item‐response theory and applied nonlinear and linear demographic adjustments. The UDS3‐EF was validated with other neuropsychological tests and brain magnetic resonance imaging from independent research cohorts using linear models.ResultsFinal model fit was good‐to‐excellent: comparative fit index = 0.99; root mean squared error of approximation = 0.057. UDS3‐EF scores differed across validation cohorts (controls > mild cognitive impairment > Alzheimer's disease‐dementia ≈ behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia;P < 0.001). The UDS3‐EF correlated most strongly with other EF tests (βs = 0.50 to 0.85,Ps < 0.001) and more with frontal, parietal, and temporal lobe gray matter volumes (βs = 0.18 to 0.33,Ps ≤ 0.004) than occipital gray matter (β = 0.12,P = 0.04). The total sample needed to detect a 40% reduction in UDS3‐EF change (n = 286) was ≈40% of the next best measure (F‐words; n = 714).ConclusionsThe UDS3‐EF is well suited to quantify EF in research and clinical trials and offers psychometric and practical advantages over its component tests.
Tailored Catalytic Nanoframes from Metal–Organic Frameworks by Anisotropic Surface Modification and Etching for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Cai Ze‐Xing , Wang Zhong‐Li , Xia Yan‐Jie , Lim Hyunsoo , Zhou Wei , Taniguchi Ayano , Ohtani Masataka , Kobiro Kazuya , Fujita Takeshi , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA facile anisotropic surface modification and etching strategy is presented for the synthesis of hollow structured ZIF‐67 nanoframes. The strategy uses structural and compositional distinctions between each crystallographic facet of truncated rhombic dodecahedrons ZIF‐67 (tZIF‐67 RDs) and the moderate coordinating and etching effects of cyanuric acid (CA). The CA can anisotropically modify and protect the {110} facets from etching, causing the six {100} facets be selectively etched via an inside‐out manner, and finally forming the hollow nanoframes. The surface‐modified hollow tZIF‐67 RDs can be facet‐selectively etched by metal salts in an outside‐in manner to give metal‐doped tZIF‐67 nanoframes. After calcination, the metal‐tZIF‐67 hybrids are converted into metal‐Co alloy/C composite catalysts with hollow nanoframed structures. The PtCo/C catalyst with only 5.9 wt % Pt exhibits high catalytic activities and stabilities in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic solutions.
A Bidentate Iodine(III)‐Based Halogen‐Bond Donor as a Powerful Organocatalyst**
Authors: Heinen Flemming , Reinhard Dominik L. , Engelage Elric , Huber Stefan M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn contrast to iodine(I)‐based halogen bond donors, iodine(III)‐derived ones have only been used as Lewis acidic organocatalysts in a handful of examples, and in all cases they acted in a monodentate fashion. Herein, we report the first application of a bidentate bis(iodolium) salt as organocatalyst in a Michael and a nitro‐Michael addition reaction as well as in a Diels–Alder reaction that had not been activated by noncovalent organocatalysts before. In all cases, the performance of this bidentate XB donor distinctly surpassed the one of arguably the currently strongest iodine(I)‐based organocatalyst. Bidentate coordination to the substrate was corroborated by a structural analysis and by DFT calculations of the transition states. Overall, the catalytic activity of the bis(iodolium) system approaches that of strong Lewis acids like BF3.
Opening Magnetic Hysteresis by Axial Ferromagnetic Coupling: From Mono‐Decker to Double‐Decker Metallacrown
Authors: Wang Jin , Li Quan‐Wen , Wu Si‐Guo , Chen Yan‐Cong , Wan Rui‐Chen , Huang Guo‐Zhang , Liu Yang , Liu Jun‐Liang , Reta Daniel , Giansiracusa Marcus J. , Wang Zhen‐Xing , Chilton Nicholas F. , Tong Ming‐Liang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCombining Ising‐type magnetic anisotropy with collinear magnetic interactions in single‐molecule magnets (SMMs) is a significant synthetic challenge. Herein we report a Dy[15‐MCCu‐5] (1‐Dy) SMM, where a DyIII ion is held in a central pseudo‐D5h pocket of a rigid and planar Cu5 metallacrown (MC). Linking two Dy[15‐MCCu‐5] units with a single hydroxide bridge yields the double‐decker {Dy[15‐MCCu‐5]}2 (2‐Dy) SMM where the anisotropy axes of the two DyIII ions are nearly collinear, resulting in magnetic relaxation times for 2‐Dy that are approximately 200 000 times slower at 2 K than for 1‐Dy in zero external field. Whereas 1‐Dy and the YIII‐diluted Dy@2‐Y analogue do not show remanence in magnetic hysteresis experiments, the hysteresis data for 2‐Dy remain open up to 6 K without a sudden drop at zero field. In conjunction with theoretical calculations, these results demonstrate that the axial ferromagnetic Dy–Dy coupling suppresses fast quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM). The relaxation profiles of both complexes curiously exhibit three distinct exponential regimes, and hold the largest effective energy barriers for any reported d–f SMMs up to 625 cm−1.
Microstructural properties, thermal insulation and thermal degradation behavior of boron‐containingmonolithic novolac xerogels
Authors: Seraji Mohammad Mehdi , Arefazar Ahmad 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEnhancement of thermal stability‐insulation performance of hyper porous materials is the premier issue to design of novel porous thermal protection systems. Boron‐containing monolithic novolac xerogels (BCNXs) were synthesized using sol–gel networking of novolac resin with hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) and boric acid at the solvent saturated vapor atmosphere (SSVA). The aim was to elucidate the effect of higher crosslinking density and thermal stable boron containing chemical bonds on the microstructure, thermal conductivity, and thermal oxidation stability of novolac xerogels. The results of FESEM and BET analysis showed that the microstructural characteristics of xerogels are significantly depend on the HMTA and boric acid concentration. The thermogravimetric results were analyzed using characteristic kinetic temperature (CKT)‐characteristic kinetic temperature range (CKTR) approximations. The effect of micromorphology of xerogels on the thermal conductivity was investigated. The effective thermal conductivity of samples were in the range of 0.031–0.048 W/m K.
Enabling Mg‐Based Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Hybrid Dual‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Meister Paul , Küpers Verena , Kolek Martin , Kasnatscheew Johannes , Pohlmann Sebastian , Winter Martin , Placke Tobias 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe report on the reversible (de)intercalation of TFSI− anions from a Mg‐based ionic liquid electrolyte, Mg(TFSI)2 in Pyr14TFSI, in graphite
activated carbon hybrid dual‐ion capacitor (DIC) cells. The role of different pseudo reference electrodes (PREs) including Ag‐wire and Li metal is discussed regarding the comparability of different battery cells. We show that an Ag‐wire PRE is not suitable for the designated purpose, while the use of a Li metal PRE results in high reproducibility. Mg‐based DIC cells are compared with cells based on pure Pyr14TFSI and LiTFSI‐Pyr14TFSI electrolytes, and with graphite
Li metal dual‐ion cells employing LiTFSI‐Pyr14TFSI. At 5.2 V vs. Li|Li+, Mg‐containing DIC cells reveal an improved performance compared to Li‐based cells, i. e., higher capacity (87 vs. 85 mAh g−1) and higher Coulombic efficiency (98 vs. 96 %). These results may pave the way to further studies and performance improvements of Mg‐based batteries and to hybrid DIC chemistries with other cations, especially multi‐valent ones.