bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urban Hotspots Mining Based on Improved FDBSCAN Algorithm
Authors: Chen Jinhua , Zhao Can , Zhang Kai , Li Zhiheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Enormous human activities happen in modern cities nowadays. These activities generate trajectory information, which can play a big role in urban planning, transportation improvement, behavior analysis, and many location-based services. Currently, GPS devices are installed in many cities’ taxies. These positioning devices are the ideal source of trajectory data. Urban hotspots can be extracted by applying spatial clustering algorithm to the taxi trajectory data. Since the classical DBSCAN clustering algorithm is short of execution efficiency and its variant FDBSCAN clustering algorithm fails to make fine-grained clustering on the taxi trajectory data, this paper proposes an improved FDBSCAN clustering algorithm, O-FDBSCAN clustering algorithm. The core of the O-FDBSCAN clustering algorithm is, it adds some coordinate offsets to the original trajectory data point based on some background geographic region knowledge. The background knowledge contains the collected functional domain information in the nearby area. By adding this kind of weight to the trajectory data point, the clustering result will be closer to the real target place and therefore give a more fine-grained clustering result. In this paper, we extract the urban hotspots and their spatiotemporal pattern by using the O-FDBSCAN clustering algorithm. The comparison result shows that, the proposed algorithm has better fine-grained clustering results than FDBSCAN. be taken in constructing both.
Multi-Target Adaptive Radar Waveform Design Based on SINR
Authors: Li Shumin , Wang Bin , Liu Wei , Xin Fengming 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aiming at the radar waveform design problem of detecting multiple targets in the presence of clutter, a novel algorithm based on linear probability-weighted summation (PWS) of multi-target impulse response of signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) is proposed. In view of the traditional water-filling algorithm, the multi-target detection algorithm is further studied in a new way to improve the overall performance of the system. This method uses Jensen’s inequality to make a lot of derivations to determine the target function of the algorithm and the constraints. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better detection performance and more accurate target information.
An Accurate Efficiency Calculation of Self-excited Induction Generator Including Effects of All Machine Parameters
Authors: Nasir Bilal Abdullah 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper an accurate method for efficiency calculation of self-excited induction generator (SEIG) at different operating conditions is proposed, considering the effect of stator and rotor iron core losses, stator and rotor circuits stray load losses, stator and rotor winding (copper) losses, mechanical losses, skin-effect losses, and skew-effect losses. The proposed procedure of efficiency calculation is based on the conventional machine tests such as no-load test, load test at variable supply voltage and temperature test without additional measurements. From these conventional tests, all the SEIG losses can be calculated accurately by their related formulas derived based on the SEIG equivalent circuit. The reduction of these losses causes an increase in the SEIG percentage efficiency, and this is a very important feature in electric energy saving by minimization of SEIG equivalent circuit components.
Specification for water balance test of cooling towers
Authors: Song Baohong , Song Yu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This test procedure describes the evaluation method used to determine the water consumption performance of cooling towers and evaporative cooling equipment, which provides a unified test instrument, test procedure, parameter measurement, test data processing, and test results. This test procedure provides the manufacturer and the owner an objective and fair evaluation, outlines practical methods for monitoring the water consumption performance of cooling towers. The loss of water in cooling tower is measured by U-type liquidometer, and the law of collecting basin liquid level. When the liquid level of the collecting basin decreased by 1 mm, the water quantity loss of one cooling tower diameter D=42 m was 1.38 m3. And cooling tower water loss and specification for water balance test is established. The water quantity loss of cooling tower can be obtained conveniently, accurately and quickly. This provides conditions for further accurate analysis of water quantity loss of cooling tower, etc. It is widely used and has great significance in the hydraulic design of cooling tower, the analysis of air status in the tower, the water balance test to determine the water used in cooling tower, the reduction of water loss and the drift recovery. And provides explicit test procedures that yield results with the highest level of accuracy and consistent with the best current engineering practices and knowledge in this field.
Adaptive time resolution rolling dispatch with high renewable penetration
Authors: Zhao Hongyang , Wang Xiuli , Li Nailiang , Kuang Yi , Sun Qiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
To cope with the energy crisis and the environment issues caused by the fossil fuels, the renewable energy generation developed rapidly. However, the inherent characteristics of uncertainty bring about difficulty to the operation of power system. Rolling dispatch can use the updated forecast data to adjust unit planning and it is a good method to cope with the volatility of renewable energy. But with the dispatch time resolution be finer, the computation burden of dispatch agent increases significantly and the allowable time limit of each round rolling dispatch shrunk. This paper proposed a time sections clustering method, which could adaptively reduce the number of time sections that should be considered in the optimization model. In order to avoiding the interval of two successive dispatch horizon, this paper use an extended horizon to cover a first few hours of next day. To adopt the variable time resolution, a unified unit commitment model is proposed. The numerical experiment on a real provincial system in northwest China shows the effectiveness of the proposed model.
A day-ahead power spot market clearing model considering incentive-based demand response
Authors: Wang Yong , Zhang Guoqiang , Fang Guanghua , Li Zhi , Wang Jin , Liu Hanghang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
It is a gradual evolution path and the most common practice in the initial stage of power spot market construction in China to start with bidding without price on the demand side, which lead to a question of how to solve the demand respond (DR) in day-ahead power spot market. To this end, a day-ahead power market clearing model considering incentive-based demand response (IBDR) is proposed. The IBDR is mainly aimed at large users with certain load elasticity, which can adjust their production schedules and change their electricity load curve to obtain certain cost incentives. This clearing method can optimize the spot market clearing result to maximize the social benefit by coordinating the electricity purchase cost and DR incentive cost. In this process, large users can obtain certain economic compensation by providing DR and help the dispatching mechanism to solve the operation problems such as power grid congestion, which could improve the operation efficiency of thermal power units. Finally, a case study based on the IEEE-30 buses system is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
State Alcohol Policies, Binge Drinking Prevalence, Socioeconomic Environments and Alcohol’s Harms to Others: A Mediation Analysis
Authors: Cook Won Kim , Li Libo , Greenfield Thomas K , Patterson Deidre , Naimi Timothy , Xuan Ziming , Karriker-Jaffe Katherine J 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Aims
Alcohol policy effects on alcohol’s harms due to others’ drinking (AHTO) and contextual factors that may mediate such policy effects have been understudied. This study examines state binge drinking prevalence as a mediator of the relationship between state alcohol policy and socioeconomic environments and individual-level AHTO.

Methods
A nationally representative sample of US adults (N = 32,401; 13,873 males, 18,528 females) from the 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 National Alcohol Surveys and the 2015 National Alcohol’s Harm to Others Survey, administered in telephone interviews and based on random digit dialed sampling, were linked with state-level Alcohol Policy Scale (APS) scores, binge drinking prevalence and socioeconomic status (SES) data. Three 12-month AHTO measures were family/marriage difficulties, assault or vandalism and riding with drunk driver or having traffic accident. Three-level mediation analyses were conducted, controlling for gender, race, education, marital status, family problem-drinking history and state policing rate.

Results
The effects of the APS on reduced risks for assault/vandalism and drinking-driving harms were significantly mediated by reduced state binge drinking prevalence. The APS had no direct or indirect effect on family/marital trouble. State SES had significant indirect effects on increased risks for assault/vandalism and driving-related harm through increased state binge drinking prevalence and a direct effect on reduced family/marital problems.

Conclusions
A more stringent alcohol policy environment could reduce assault/vandalism and driving-related harm due to another drinker by lowering state binge drinking rates. Alcohol policies may not be effective in reducing family problems caused by another drinker more prevalent in low-SES states.
Continuous Laying and Clutch-Size Limitation in Mallards
Authors: Arnold Todd W. , Howerter David W. , Devries James H. , Joynt Brian L. , Emery Robert B. , Anderson Michael G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe assessed nutritional constraints on clutch size in Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) by observing incidence and consequences of continuous laying—the sequential production of eggs in two or more nest bowls. Continuous laying behavior was detected in 278 of 3,064 radiotracked Mallards (9.1%). Continuous laying females produced an average of 12.12 total eggs (SD = 2.70, range 5–18, n = 69), versus 8.90 eggs for normal nesting females (SD = 1.67, range 4–14, n = 587). On average, continuous laying females were 25 g heavier than noncontinuous laying females, and body mass was positively correlated with egg production among continuous laying females. Nest success was not affected by continuous laying, but continuous laying females that abandoned their nests were more likely to be young or to have laid a greater number of eggs. A large component of the breeding Mallard population can lay more eggs than they typically do, and there appear to be minimal consequences of that behavior. These observations appear inconsistent with the egg-formation hypothesis.
Analysis of expression of candidate genes for polycystic ovary syndrome in adult and fetal human and fetal bovine ovaries†
Authors: Liu Menghe , Hummitzsch Katja , Hartanti Monica D , Rosario Roseanne , Bastian Nicole A , Hatzirodos Nicholas , Bonner Wendy M , Irving-Rodgers Helen F , Laven Joop S E , Anderson Richard A , Rodgers Raymond J 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) appears to have a genetic predisposition and a fetal origin. We compared the expression levels of 25 PCOS candidate genes from adult control and PCOS human ovaries (n = 16) using microarrays. Only one gene was potentially statistically different. Using qRT-PCR, expression of PCOS candidate genes was examined in bovine fetal ovaries from early stages when they first developed stroma through to completion of development (n = 27; 60–270 days of gestation). The levels of ERBB3 mRNA negatively correlated with gestational age but positively with HMGA2, FBN3, TOX3, GATA4, and DENND1A.X1,2,3,4, previously identified as correlated with each other and expressed early. PLGRKT and ZBTB16, and less so IRF1, were also correlated with AMH, FSHR, AR, INSR, and TGFB1I1, previously identified as correlated with each other and expressed late. ARL14EP, FDFT1, NEIL2, and MAPRE1 were expressed across gestation and not correlated with gestational age as shown previously for THADA, ERBB4, RAD50, C8H9orf3, YAP1, RAB5B, SUOX, and KRR1. LHCGR, because of its unusual bimodal expression pattern, had some unusual correlations with other genes. In human ovaries (n = 15; &lt;150 days of gestation), ERBB3.V1 and ERBB3.VS were expressed and correlated negatively with gestational age and positively with FBN3, HMGA2, DENND1A.V1,3,4, DENND1A.V1-7, GATA4, and FSHR, previously identified as correlated with each other and expressed early. Thus, the general lack of differential expression of candidate genes in adult ovaries contrasting with dynamic patterns of gene expression in fetal ovaries is consistent with a vulnerability to disturbance in the fetal ovary that may underpin development of PCOS.
Filamentous actin disorganization and absence of apical ectoplasmic specialization disassembly during spermiation upon interference with retinoid signaling†
Authors: Chung Sanny S W , Vizcarra Nika , Wolgemuth Debra J 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSpermiation is a multiple-step process involving profound cellular changes in both spermatids and Sertoli cells. We have observed spermiation defects, including abnormalities in spermatid orientation, translocation and release, in mice deficient in the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) and upon treatment with a pan-RAR antagonist. To elucidate the role of retinoid signaling in regulating spermiation, we first characterized the time course of appearance of spermiogenic defects in response to treatment with the pan-RAR antagonist. The results revealed that defects in spermiation are indeed among the earliest abnormalities in spermatogenesis observed upon inhibition of retinoid signaling. Using fluorescent dye-conjugated phalloidin to label the ectoplasmic specialization (ES), we showed for the first time that these defects involved improper formation of filamentous actin (F-actin) bundles in step 8–9 spermatids and a failure of the actin-surrounded spermatids to move apically to the lumen and to disassemble the ES. The aberrant F-actin organization is associated with diminished nectin-3 expression in both RARA-deficient and pan-RAR antagonist-treated testes. An abnormal localization of both tyrosinated and detyrosinated tubulins was also observed during spermatid translocation in the seminiferous epithelium in drug-treated testes. These results highlight a crucial role of RAR receptor-mediated retinoid signaling in regulating microtubules and actin dynamics in the cytoskeleton rearrangements, required for proper spermiation. This is critical to understand in light of ongoing efforts to inhibit retinoid signaling as a novel approach for male contraception and may reveal spermiation components that could also be considered as new targets for male contraception.
Presenilin1 familial Alzheimer disease mutants inactivate EFNB1- and BDNF-dependent neuroprotection against excitotoxicity by affecting neuroprotective complexes of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor
Authors: Al Rahim Md , Yoon Yonejung , Dimovasili Christina , Shao Zhiping , Huang Qian , Zhang Emily , Kezunovic Nebojsa , Chen Lei , Schaffner Adam , Huntley George W , Ubarretxena-Belandia Iban , Georgakopoulos Anastasios , Robakis Nikolaos K 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Excitotoxicity is thought to play key roles in brain neurodegeneration and stroke. Here we show that neuroprotection against excitotoxicity by trophic factors EFNB1 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (called here factors) requires de novo formation of ‘survival complexes’ which are factor-stimulated complexes of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor with factor receptor and presenilin 1. Absence of presenilin 1 reduces the formation of survival complexes and abolishes neuroprotection. EPH receptor B2- and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-derived peptides designed to disrupt formation of survival complexes also decrease the factor-stimulated neuroprotection. Strikingly, factor-dependent neuroprotection and levels of the de novo factor-stimulated survival complexes decrease dramatically in neurons expressing presenilin 1 familial Alzheimer disease mutants. Mouse neurons and brains expressing presenilin 1 familial Alzheimer disease mutants contain increased amounts of constitutive presenilin 1–N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor complexes unresponsive to factors. Interestingly, the stability of the familial Alzheimer disease presenilin 1–N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor complexes differs from that of wild type complexes and neurons of mutant-expressing brains are more vulnerable to cerebral ischaemia than neurons of wild type brains. Furthermore, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-mediated excitatory post-synaptic currents at CA1 synapses are altered by presenilin 1 familial Alzheimer disease mutants. Importantly, high levels of presenilin 1–N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor complexes are also found in post-mortem brains of Alzheimer disease patients expressing presenilin 1 familial Alzheimer disease mutants. Together, our data identify a novel presenilin 1-dependent neuroprotective mechanism against excitotoxicity and indicate a pathway by which presenilin 1 familial Alzheimer disease mutants decrease factor-depended neuroprotection against excitotoxicity and ischaemia in the absence of Alzheimer disease neuropathological hallmarks which may form downstream of neuronal damage. These findings have implications for the pathogenic effects of familial Alzheimer disease mutants and therapeutic strategies.
Acute Striato-Cortical Synchronization Induces Focal Motor Seizures in Primates
Authors: Aupy Jerome , Ribot Bastien , Dovero Sandra , Biendon Nathalie , Nguyen Tho-Hai , Porras Gregory , Deffains Marc , Guehl Dominique , Burbaud Pierre 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjective: Whether the basal ganglia are involved in the cortical synchronization during focal seizures is still an open question. In the present study, we proposed to synchronize cortico-striatal activities acutely inducing striatal disinhibition, performing GABA-antagonist injections within the putamen in primates. Method: Experiments were performed on three fascicularis monkeys. During each experimental session, low volumes of bicuculline (0.5–4 μL) were injected at a slow rate of 1 μL/min. Spontaneous behavioral changes were classified according to Racine’s scale modified for primates. These induced motor behaviors were correlated with electromyographic, electroencephalographic, and putaminal and pallidal local field potentials changes in activity. Results: acute striatal desinhibition induced focal motor seizures. Seizures were closely linked to cortical epileptic activity synchronized with a striatal paroxysmal activity. These changes in striatal activity preceded the cortical epileptic activity and the induced myoclonia, and both cortical and subcortical activities were coherently synchronized during generalized seizures. Interpretation: Our results strongly suggest the role of the sensorimotor striatum in the regulation and synchronization of cortical excitability. These dramatic changes in the activity of this “gating” pathway might influence seizure susceptibility by modulating the threshold for the initiation of focal motor seizures.
Early Visual Cortex Stimulation Modifies Well-Consolidated Perceptual Gains
Authors: Shmuel Dean , Frank Sebastian M , Sharon Haggai , Sasaki Yuka , Watanabe Takeo , Censor Nitzan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Perception thresholds can improve through repeated practice with visual tasks. Can an already acquired and well-consolidated perceptual skill be noninvasively neuromodulated, unfolding the neural mechanisms involved? Here, leveraging the susceptibility of reactivated memories ranging from synaptic to systems levels across learning and memory domains and animal models, we used noninvasive brain stimulation to neuromodulate well-consolidated reactivated visual perceptual learning and reveal the underlying neural mechanisms. Subjects first encoded and consolidated the visual skill memory by performing daily practice sessions with the task. On a separate day, the consolidated visual memory was briefly reactivated, followed by low-frequency, inhibitory 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over early visual cortex, which was individually localized using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Poststimulation perceptual thresholds were measured on the final session. The results show modulation of perceptual thresholds following early visual cortex stimulation, relative to control stimulation. Consistently, resting state functional connectivity between trained and untrained parts of early visual cortex prior to training predicted the magnitude of perceptual threshold modulation. Together, these results indicate that even previously consolidated human perceptual memories are susceptible to neuromodulation, involving early visual cortical processing. Moreover, the opportunity to noninvasively neuromodulate reactivated perceptual learning may have important clinical implications.
Growth factor involvement in progression of prostate cancer
Authors: Russell Pamela J , Bennett Suzanne , Stricker Phillip 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUnderstanding how the regulation of growth factor pathways alters during prostate cancer (PC) progression may enable researchers to develop targeted therapeutic strategies for advanced disease. PC progression involves the shifting of cells from androgen-dependent growth to an androgen-independent state, sometimes with the loss or mutation of the androgen receptors in PC cells. Both autocrine and paracrine pathways are up-regulated in androgen-independent tumors and may replace androgens as primary growth stimulatory factors in cancer progression. Our discussion focuses on growth factor families that maintain homeostasis between epithelial and stromal cells in the normal prostate and that undergo changes as PC progresses, often making stromal cells redundant. These growth factors include fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factors, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor α, retinoic acid, vitamin D3, and the transforming growth factor β families. We review their role in normal prostate development and in cancer progression, using evidence from clinical specimens and models of PC cell growth.