bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased ANGPTL4 impairs endometrial angiogenesis during peri‐implantation period in patients with recurrent implantation failure
Authors: Li Mingyang , Hu Jingwen , Yao Lihua , Gao Minzhi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInsufficient endometrial angiogenesis during peri‐implantation impairs endometrial receptivity (ER), which contributes to recurrent implantation failure (RIF) during in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF‐ET). Angiopoietin‐like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) acts as a multifunctional secretory protein and is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism and angiogenesis in various tissues including the endometrium. Herein, we found decreased ANGPTL4 expression in endometrial tissue and serum during peri‐implantation period in 18 RIF‐affected women with elevated uterine arterial impedance (UAI) compared with the pregnancy controls. ANGPTL4 and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression were up‐regulated upon decidualization on human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs). Rosiglitazone promoted the expression of ANGPTL4 in HESCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via PPARγ. ANGPTL4 promoted the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs in vitro. Our results suggest that decreased abundance of ANGPTL4 in endometrial tissues impairs the endometrial receptivity via restraining endometrial angiogenesis during decidualization; while rosiglitazone‐induced ANGPTL4 up‐regulation in hESCs and HUVECs through PPARγ. Therefore, ANGPTL4 could be a potential therapeutic approach for some RIF‐affected women with elevated UAI.
Chemical peelings for the treatment of actinic keratosis: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Steeb T. , Koch E.A.T. , Wessely A. , Wiest L.G. , Schmitz L. , Berking C. , Heppt M.V. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundActinic keratosis (AK) is a common precancerous lesion of the skin that may be treated with chemical peelings. Despite their long‐standing usage and clinical experience, no evidence‐based recommendation regarding the efficacy and safety of chemical peelings for AK exists.ObjectivesTo systematically review and synthesize the current knowledge on chemically exfoliative peelings as interventions for AK.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature research in Medline, Embase and CENTRAL and hand‐searched pertinent trial registers for eligible records until 5 August 2019. Results from individual studies were pooled using a random‐effects model or described in a qualitative synthesis. The risk of bias was estimated with the tools provided by the Cochrane Collaboration (randomized and non‐randomized trials) and the Evidence Project (single‐arm trials).ResultsFour randomized controlled trials, two non‐randomized controlled trials and two single‐arm studies with a total sample size of n = 170 patients were included. Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) plus Jessner’s solution showed significantly lower participant complete clearance (RR 0.36, 95% CI: 0.14–0.90, two studies, I2 = 0%, P = 0.03) and lower lesion clearance (RR 0.92, 95% CI: 0.85–0.99, one study, P = 0.03) compared to 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) 5% cream. TCA as monotherapy showed lower lesion complete clearance (RR 0.75, 95% CI: 0.69–0.82, two studies, I2 = 7%, P < 0.001) and lower mean lesion reduction per patient compared to conventional photodynamic therapy (cPDT) (MD −20.48, 95% CI: −31.55 to −9.41, two studies, I2 = 43%, P = 0.0003). Pain was more pronounced in patients treated with cPDT in comparison with TCA (MD −1.71 95% CI: −3.02 to −0.41, two studies, I2 = 55%, P = 0.01). In the single‐arm studies, 5‐FU plus glycolic acid showed 92% lesion clearance and phenol peeling 90.6% participant complete clearance. All studies showed a high risk for bias.ConclusionsFuture high‐quality studies and a standardization of peeling protocols are warranted to determine the value of chemical peelings in the treatment of AK.
Crestal Bone Changes and Patient Satisfaction with Single Implant‐Retained Mandibular Overdentures with Dalla Bona and Locator Attachments with Immediate Loading Protocols. A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study
Authors: Nischal Kunal , Mishra Sunil Kumar , Chowdhary Ramesh 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeThere is no enough evidence present on the success of single implant‐retained mandibular overdentures (SIMO) with Dalla Bona and Locator attachments. This study aims to compare crestal bone loss and patient satisfaction with SIMO with Dalla Bona and Locator attachment following immediate loading protocols.Material and MethodsTwelve patients included in Group 1 received immediate SIMO with Dalla Bona attachments, and another twelve patients in Group 2 received immediate SIMO with Locator attachments in the mid symphyseal region. The follow‐up was scheduled at 6 and 12 months after implant placement. The patient satisfaction with the denture was evaluated with the visual analog scale (VAS) score. The data obtained were statistically analyzed with the independent student t‐test for intergroup comparison and repeated measures of ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's Post hoc analysis for intragroup comparison of mean crestal bone loss at a different time interval.ResultsTen patients each in both the groups were available for follow‐up. Crestal bone loss at 6 months follow‐up for Dalla Bona group was 0.42 ± 0.10 mm on the mesial side and 0.43 ± 0.14 mm on the distal side and at 1 year 1.54 ± 0.16 mm on the mesial side and 1.66 ± 0.13 mm on the distal side. The mean crestal bone loss at 6 months follow‐up for Locator group was 0.48 ± 0.16 mm on the mesial side and 0.45 ± 0.11 mm on the distal side and at 1 year was 1.71 ± 0.22 mm on mesial side and 1.74 ± 0.28 mm on the distal side. There was difference in bone loss at 6 months (mesial: 0.06 mm, p = 0.327; distal:0.02 mm; p = 0.726) and at 1 year (mesial: 0.17 mm, p = 0.063; distal: 0.08 mm; p = 0.423) in between two groups but the difference was statistically insignificant. There was a significant difference found in the VAS score for patient satisfaction with SIMO with Dalla Bona attachments and Locator attachments at 6 months (54.2 vs. 51.8, p = 0.005) and 1 year (60.6 vs. 55.2, p = 0.005).ConclusionsPatient satisfaction with SIMO with Dalla Bona attachments was higher during the follow‐up. SIMO with Dalla Bona attachments had less crestal bone loss and less prosthetic complications when compared to Locator attachments, although the difference in the bone loss was statistically insignificant.
Is there a link between bacteriuria and a reversible encephalopathy in dogs and cats?
Authors: Crawford A. H. , Cardy T. J. A. 
Published: August 2020

Bacteriuria has been associated with abnormal neurological status in humans, especially geriatric patients. In this report, we review 11 cases (seven dogs and four cats) that suggest an association between bacteriuria and abnormal neurological status in veterinary medicine. These cases showed diffuse forebrain signs with or without brainstem signs, but primary brain disease was excluded by MRI and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Bacteriological culture of urine was positive in each animal and neurological deficits improved or resolved with initiation of antibiosis ± fluid therapy and levetiracetam. While further studies are needed to definitively confirm or refute the link between bacteriuria and a reversible encephalopathy, urine bacteriological culture should be considered in veterinary patients presented with acute onset forebrain neuro‐anatomical localisation, even in the absence of clinical signs of lower urinary tract inflammation.
Sleep problems and depressive symptoms in toddlers and 8‐year‐old children: A longitudinal study
Authors: Sivertsen Børge , Harvey Allison G. , Reichborn‐Kjennerud Ted , Ystrom Eivind , Hysing Mari 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSleep and depression are interlinked throughout the lifespan, but very few studies have examined the directionality of the sleep–depression link in children. The aim of the current study was to prospectively examine the bidirectional association between sleep problems and internalizing problems and depressive symptoms in toddlers and children aged 1.5 and 8 years. Data stem from the large ongoing population‐based longitudinal study, the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study, recruited from October 1999 to July 2009. A total of 35,075 children were included. Information on sleep duration, nocturnal awakenings and internalizing problems (Child Behaviour Checklist) was provided by the mothers at 1.5 years, whereas data on sleep duration and depressive symptoms (Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire) were provided by the mothers when the children were 8 years old. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using logistic regression analyses. After accounting for previous internalizing problems, short sleep duration (≤10 hr) and frequent (≥3) nightly awakenings at 1.5 years predicted the development of depressive symptoms at 8 years of age (adjusted OR = 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–1.51, and adjusted OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.08–1.50, respectively). Also, internalizing problems at 1.5 years predicted onset of later short sleep duration (adjusted OR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.32–2.54) after accounting for early sleep problems. This prospective study demonstrated a bidirectional association between sleep and internalizing/depressive symptoms from toddlerhood to middle childhood. Intervention studies are needed to examine whether targeting either of these problems at this early age may prevent onset of the other.
What it means to be a “true American”: Ethnonationalism and voting in the 2016 U.S. presidential election
Authors: Thompson Jack 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA number of important factors predicted white people vote choice in the 2016 U.S. presidential election, including voters' economic assessments, sexist attitudes, racial resentment, and status threat. In this paper, I establish that ethnonationalism—a set of beliefs concerning what it means to be a “true” American—was also a significant factor in the estimations of White Americans when casting their vote for president in 2016. Data from a nationally representative sample of White Americans show that ethnonationalism was a robust predictor of vote choice for Trump even after controlling for predictors known to shape vote choice, including economic assessments, sexist attitudes, racial resentment, status threat, and sociodemographic indicators. These results indicate that ethnonationalism, although correlated with some of these factors, operated primarily as an independent factor that shaped White vote choice. The findings have important implications concerning the electoral activation of White majorities concerned about the perceived threat that demographic change poses to American national identity.
On the Many Senses of Scripture: Romans 1:19-20 in the Summa theologiae
Authors: Ebert Aaron 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDespite growing interest in Thomas Aquinas' biblical exegesis in general, and in his reading of Romans in particular, little attention has been given to the way Thomas actually uses scripture to do theology in his most enduring and influential work: the Summa theologiae. This article makes a preliminary attempt to remedy this neglect by exploring the role played by Romans 1:19-20 in the Summa. Given the deep connection of both Romans 1 and Aquinas to the perennial debates about natural theology, we might expect Thomas’ engagement with those verses to be concerned chiefly and resolutely with the questions animating these debates. But this is not at all the case. Far from being limited to arguments for philosophical knowledge of God, the Summa's more than twenty citations of Romans 1, I argue, re-present the whole drama of Christianity in microcosm. Even according to the letter, Paul's words have many senses for Thomas. The goal of this article is to draw out these many senses and demonstrate the creative interplay of scripture and theology in Thomas’ Summa.
Histone H3K9 methylation regulates chronic stress and IL‐6–induced colon epithelial permeability and visceral pain
Authors: Wiley John W. , Zong Ye , Zheng Gen , Zhu Shengtao , Hong Shuangsong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundChronic stress is associated with activation of the HPA axis, elevation in pro‐inflammatory cytokines, decrease in intestinal epithelial cell tight junction (TJ) proteins, and enhanced visceral pain. It is unknown whether epigenetic regulatory pathways play a role in chronic stress–induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and visceral hyperalgesia.MethodsYoung adult male rats were subjected to water avoidance stress ± H3K9 methylation inhibitors or siRNAs. Visceral pain response was assessed. Differentiated Caco‐2/BBE cells and human colonoids were treated with cortisol or IL‐6 ± antagonists. Expression of TJ, IL‐6, and H3K9 methylation status at gene promoters was measured. Transepithelial electrical resistance and FITC‐dextran permeability were evaluated.Key ResultsChronic stress induced IL‐6 up‐regulation prior to a decrease in TJ proteins in the rat colon. The IL‐6 level inversely correlated with occludin expression. Treatment with IL‐6 decreased occludin and induced visceral hyperalgesia. Chronic stress and IL‐6 increased H3K9 methylation and decreased transcriptional GR binding to the occludin gene promoter, leading to down‐regulation of protein expression and increase in paracellular permeability. Intrarectal administration of a H3K9 methylation antagonist prevented chronic stress–induced visceral hyperalgesia in the rat. In a human colonoid model, cortisol decreased occludin expression, which was prevented by the GR antagonist RU486, and IL‐6 increased H3K9 methylation and decreased TJ protein levels, which were prevented by inhibitors of H3K9 methylation.Conclusions & InferencesOur findings support a novel role for methylation of the repressive histone H3K9 to regulate chronic stress, pro‐inflammatory cytokine–mediated reduction in colon TJ protein levels, and increase in paracellular permeability and visceral hyperalgesia.
Prucalopride in diabetic and connective tissue disease‐related gastroparesis: Randomized placebo‐controlled crossover pilot trial
Authors: Andrews Christopher N. , Woo Matthew , Buresi Michelle , Curley Michael , Gupta Milli , Tack Jan , Wilsack Lynn , Nasser Yasmin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundGastroparesis, defined by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical outlet obstruction, is a frequent neuropathic complication of diabetes mellitus, and effective treatments are lacking. Prucalopride is a pan‐gut prokinetic with selective agonist effects on serotonin 5‐HT4 receptors in the gut. This study aimed to assess the effect of prucalopride 4 mg daily on Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI), meal‐related symptom score (MRSS), and gastric emptying rate in diabetic or connective tissue disease (CTD)‐related gastroparesis patients.MethodsThis was a double‐blind crossover trial of four‐week treatment periods with prucalopride or placebo divided by two weeks of washout. GSCI, MRSS, gastric emptying scintigraphy, PAGI‐SYM, and PAGI‐QoL were assessed at baseline and the end of each treatment period. Daily bowel movement (BM) frequency and gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded in each period.Key ResultsFifteen gastroparesis patients (13 diabetic, 2 CTD) were enrolled. GCSI scores were lower than baseline but not different between treatment arms. MRSS scores over time or cumulative score were not significantly different between groups. Gastric emptying was more rapid in the prucalopride treatment period, with mean four‐hour meal retention of 22 ± 6% in PRU period vs 40 ± 9% in the placebo period (P = 0.05). Weekly BM frequency was significantly higher in prucalopride than placebo periods (10.5 ± 1.8 vs 7.5 ± 0.8, P < 0.0001). Perception of weight loss was higher in patients on prucalopride. Analysis of diabetic gastroparesis (n = 13) population did not change the conclusions.Conclusion and InferencePrucalopride at 4 mg accelerates gastric emptying and bowel movement frequency but does not appear to ameliorate gastroparesis or meal‐related symptoms in this study.
Seed predation selects for reproductive variability and synchrony in perennial plants
Authors: Bogdziewicz Michał , Szymkowiak Jakub , Tanentzap Andrew J. , Calama Rafael , Marino Shealyn , Steele Michael A. , Seget Barbara , Piechnik Łukasz , Żywiec Magdalena 
Published: August 2020

Summary

Annually variable and synchronous seed production by plant populations, or masting, is a widespread reproductive strategy in long‐lived plants. Masting is thought to be selectively beneficial because interannual variability and synchrony increase the fitness of plants through economies of scale that decrease the cost of reproduction per surviving offspring. Predator satiation is believed to be a key economy of scale, but whether it can drive phenotypic evolution for masting in plants has been rarely explored.

We used data from seven plant species (Quercus humilis, Quercus ilex, Quercus rubra, Quercus alba, Quercus montana, Sorbus aucuparia and Pinus pinea) to determine whether predispersal seed predation selects for plant phenotypes that mast.

Predation selected for interannual variability in Mediterranean oaks (Q. humilis and Q. ilex), for synchrony in Q. rubra, and for both interannual variability and reproductive synchrony in S. aucuparia and P. pinea. Predation never selected for negative temporal autocorrelation of seed production.

Predation by invertebrates appears to select for only some aspects of masting, most importantly high coefficient of variation, supporting individual‐level benefits of the population‐level phenomenon of mast seeding. Determining the selective benefits of masting is complex because of interactions with other seed predators, which may impose contradictory selective pressures.
The wheat Sr22, Sr33, Sr35 and Sr45 genes confer resistance against stem rust in barley
Authors: Hatta M. Asyraf Md , Arora Sanu , Ghosh Sreya , Matny Oadi , Smedley Mark A. , Yu Guotai , Chakraborty Soma , Bhatt Dhara , Xia Xiaodi , Steuernagel Burkhard , Richardson Terese , Mago Rohit , Lagudah Evans S. , Patron Nicola J. , Ayliffe Michael , Rouse Matthew N. , Harwood Wendy A. , Periyannan Sambasivam , Steffenson Brian J. , Wulff Brande B.H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the last 20 years, stem rust caused by the fungus Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), has re‐emerged as a major threat to wheat and barley production in Africa and Europe. In contrast to wheat with 60 designated stem rust (Sr) resistance genes, barley’s genetic variation for stem rust resistance is very narrow with only ten resistance genes genetically identified. Of these, only one complex locus consisting of three genes is effective against TTKSK, a widely virulent Pgt race of the Ug99 tribe which emerged in Uganda in 1999 and has since spread to much of East Africa and parts of the Middle East. The objective of this study was to assess the functionality, in barley, of cloned wheat Sr genes effective against race TTKSK. Sr22, Sr33, Sr35 and Sr45 were transformed into barley cv. Golden Promise using Agrobacterium‐mediated transformation. All four genes were found to confer effective stem rust resistance. The barley transgenics remained susceptible to the barley leaf rust pathogen Puccinia hordei, indicating that the resistance conferred by these wheat Sr genes was specific for Pgt. Furthermore, these transgenic plants did not display significant adverse agronomic effects in the absence of disease. Cloned Sr genes from wheat are therefore a potential source of resistance against wheat stem rust in barley.
Immunotherapy for older patients with melanoma: From darkness to light?
Authors: Iacono Donatella , Vitale Maria Grazia , Basile Debora , Pelizzari Giacomo , Cinausero Marika , Poletto Elena , Pascoletti Gaetano , Minisini Alessandro Marco 
Published: August 2020

AbstractApproximately 40% of malignant melanomas are diagnosed in patients older than 65 years. Elderly patients with melanoma present clinicopathological features related to a more aggressive biology, and they are often diagnosed with advanced stage of disease. Interestingly, in older patients the immune system can be altered with changes both in the innate system and in the adaptive immune system with the acquisition of a pro‐inflammatory and immune suppressive phenotype. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors has reshaped the treatment strategies and prognosis of patients with melanoma, and particularly, older age should not be considered a contraindication for immunotherapy. However, data regarding efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in elderly population are still limited because frail older patients are generally excluded from clinical trials. Recently, real‐world data have shed light on similar efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in older population compared with younger counterpart. The aim of the present review was to summarize the available knowledge on the underlying immune system in older patients with a diagnosis of melanoma and the immunotherapeutic approaches in this population.
The Healthy Meal Program: A food insecurity screening and referral program for urban dwelling older adults
Authors: Diallo Ana F. , Falls Katherine , Hicks Krista , McQueen Gibson Ethlyn , Obaid Rawan , Slattum Patricia , Zanjani Faika , Price Elvin , Parsons Pamela 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the Healthy Meal Program (HMP), a community‐academic partnership that aims to address the food insecurity and social isolation in older adults living in an urban setting.Program ImplementationLow‐income older adults were screened for food insecurity and social isolation. A partnership with the food bank and a farm‐based organization helped provide a weekly congregate or home‐delivered meal, pilot a cooking class, and offer a mobile market selling fresh vegetables at discounted prices.Program EvaluationOverall, 339 individuals agreed to participate in the screening process. Sixty‐eight percent (n = 230) screened positive for food insecurity and 41% (n = 139) screened positive for social isolation. Among individuals who were food insecure, 159 were referred to a food commodity program, 31 to meals on wheels, 23 to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits, and 28 to emergency food pantries. The mobile market served 75 participants weekly and 15 individuals took part in cooking classes.ConclusionsScreening for food insecurity and social isolation in the HMP helped to assess the prevalence of these social determinants of health in low‐income older adults. Weekly congregate meals, home visits, and group cooking classes were initiatives taken to decrease the impact of food insecurity and social isolation in this vulnerable population.
“It's the War, Stupid!”: Determinants of Retrospective Evaluations of American Presidents
Authors: King James D. , McConnell Jason B. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPublic opinion of presidents after they have left office is primarily the product of whether or not their administration entangled the United States in an unpopular military conflict. Using data from Gallup polls, we demonstrate that the forces of peace and prosperity drive approval ratings of former presidents when out of office but do not impact public assessments equally. A former president’s popular standing is tarnished more by association with an unpopular war than it is enhanced by economic prosperity.