bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetic energy of the Langevin particle
Authors: Escudero Carlos 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe compute the kinetic energy of the Langevin particle using different approaches. We build stochastic differential equations that describe this physical quantity based on both the Itô and Stratonovich stochastic integrals. It is shown that the Itô equation possesses a unique solution, whereas the Stratonovich one possesses infinitely many, all but one absent of physical meaning. We discuss how this fact matches with the existent discussion on the Itô vs Stratonovich dilemma and the apparent preference toward the Stratonovich interpretation in the physical literature.
Associations between physical activity, body composition, and physical fitness in the transition from preschool to school
Authors: Reisberg Kirkke , Riso Eva‐Maria , Jürimäe Jaak 
Published: August 2020

The purpose of the study was to assess the longitudinal associations of physical activity (PA) with body composition and physical fitness (PF) at the 12‐month follow‐up during the transition from kindergarten to school in Estonian children aged 6 to 8 years (n = 147). PA and sedentary behavior (SB) were assessed using the accelerometer. Body composition was measured from triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses and PF using PREFIT test battery. SB at the mean age of 6.6 year had negative relation with upper and lower body strength and motor fitness at the mean age of 7.6 year in adjusted models. Light PA (LPA) and moderate PA(MPA) at 6.6 year were positively and SB was negatively associated with fat‐free mass index (FFMI) at 7.6 year after adjustments for confounders [vigorous PA (VPA), total awake wear time, child's sex, age at measurement]. Substituting 5 min/d of SB at 6.6 year with 5 min of VPA was related to higher FFMI at 7.6 year. In adjusted models, VPA at 6.6 year was positively associated with cardiorespiratory fitness at 7.6 year, greater baseline VPA or moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (MVPA) predicted greater upper body strength a year later and LPA, MPA, VPA, MVPA at 6.6 year were positively related to lower body strength at follow‐up. In adjusted analysis greater VPA at 6.6 year was related to better motor fitness at follow‐up. Promoting higher‐intensity PA and reducing SB at preschool may have long‐term effects on body composition and PF in children at the first grade.
The role of women empowerment and labour dependency on adoption of integrated soil fertility management in Malawi
Authors: Mponela Powell , Villamor Grace B. , Snapp Sieglinde , Tamene Lulseged , Le Quang B. , Borgemeister Christian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper explores the role of women empowerment and labour on enabling farmers to cross two hurdles: adopt and intensify soil fertility management (SFM), coming after six decades of SFM research that disseminated several technologies. Despite the assertion that productivity gains cannot be realized unless drivers of soil degradation are addressed, SFM usage is low. We collected data from a systematically drawn random sample of 238 farmers, representing 30% of farming households in five villages in Malawi's Rift Valley escarpments and analysed using a double‐hurdle model. Descriptive results show that 90% of the respondents used inorganic fertilizers, 72% planted legumes and 57% applied organic manure. The empirical analysis shows that one percentage point increase in dependency ratio reduces probability to apply organic amendments by 0.4 percentage points and erodes the positive influence of increasing labour on application of inorganic fertilizer. As women become increasingly empowered in decision‐making, there are significant trade‐offs: a percentage point increase in women empowerment in agriculture index (WEAI) potentially leads to a one‐third percentage point increase in the area allocated to legumes but reduces the amount of organic manure applied with higher elasticity of two percentage points. Considering the trade‐offs, sustainable intensification could be achieved by harnessing the positive influences while concurrently reducing the negative ones over a decision space. Notably, addressing the negative effect associated with women empowerment on manuring could unlock potentials for integrated SFM as women are already engaged in legume cropping.
American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease) in solid organ transplantation
Authors: Radisic Marcelo V. , Repetto Silvia A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis review addresses relevant aspects of Chagas disease in the solid organ transplantation setting. This trypanosomiasis was geographically restricted to America, but migration has turned Chagas disease into a global public health concern. Parasite persistence in chronically infected individuals entails the potential of transmission with organ donation and the potential for reactivation under immunosuppression. Prospective monitoring with real‐time PCR or direct methods for detection of parasitemia and treatment of documented episodes of transmission/ reactivation (rather than prophylactic treatment) is the recommended approach for managing patients at risk. Chagas disease is an important cause of terminal cardiomyopathy. Clinical results demonstrate that with adequate monitoring and treatment, patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy benefit from heart transplantation, with long‐term results even better than patients who underwent heart transplantation due to other conditions. Kidney and liver (and possibly other solid organs) transplantation can be safely performed in chronically infected patients with adequate management. Chronically infected patients are also suitable for organ donation (with the exception of the heart and intestines). Although reactivations and transmissions are observed, serious clinical disease is rare, and they are usually successfully managed with benznidazole or nifurtimox.
Secondary syphilis with liver involvement in a liver transplant recipient
Authors: Ferrándiz‐Pulido Carla , Ferrer Berta , Salcedo Maria Teresa , Velasco Marta , Len Oscar , Castells Lluis 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSyphilis is capable of compromising almost any organ; however, syphilitic hepatitis is a rare manifestation that has been described most often in HIV‐infected patients. Herein, we present a 33‐year‐old male liver transplant recipient who presented with progressive liver dysfunction characterized by mild ALT elevation and rising cholestasis, malaise, skin rash, and alopecia. Skin biopsy was characteristic of secondary syphilis, confirmed by both skin and liver biopsy‐positive immunohistochemical staining for Treponema pallidum. The patient was treated with benzathine penicillin G 2.4 million units IM q week × 3 weeks. Three months later, the patient was asymptomatic and recovered from his general malaise. He showed no skin lesions and demonstrated complete regrowth of the hair on his scalp, beard, and eyebrows. The presence of liver dysfunction with cholestasis in a transplant recipient should alert transplant providers to the possibility of syphilitic hepatitis, particularly in men who have sex with men. Though not an early manifestation, cutaneous signs of secondary syphilis may be a helpful diagnostic indicator in most cases.
South Korea’s outward direct investment and its dyadic determinants: Foreign aid, bilateral treaty and economic diplomacy
Authors: Park Geonwoo , Jung Heon Joo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the factors that affect South Korean outward foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries. Most previous studies focus on monadic factors and do not consider how and to what extent bilateral relationships between South Korea and the host countries affect the investment decisions of Korean firms. The current study finds that interstate factors such as South Korea's international investment treaties with and official development assistance to host countries have positive effects on FDI to these countries, while presidential visits have strong and statistically significant effects on FDI only in countries located in non‐Asian regions, especially the African continent. The findings suggest that the effects of bilateral relations on South Korea's FDI vary depending on the geographic location of the host country.
Comparison of creatine kinase in cerebrospinal fluid collected from the cerebellomedullary and lumbar cisterna in 10 dogs with neurologic disease
Authors: Lampe Rachel , Foss Kari D. , Hague Devon W. , Barger Anne M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundAnalysis of cerebrospinal fluid CK (CSF‐CK) might be useful as a prognostic indicator in dogs with neurologic disease. Previous studies have mostly analyzed CSF‐CK collected from the cerebellomedullary (CM) cisterna, but CSF collection sites could affect its levels.ObjectivesThis is a pilot study aimed to evaluate differences in CSF‐CK concentrations when collected from the CM or lumbar cisterna in dogs presenting with neurologic disease.MethodsTen dogs presenting for neurologic disease underwent magnetic resonance imaging and CSF collection from both the CM and lumbar cisterna. Cerebrospinal fluid CK was analyzed within 30 minutes.ResultsTen dogs were prospectively recruited. Overall, there was no statistically significant difference between CSF‐CK collected from the CM or lumbar cisterna (P = .31). When evaluated by neurolocalization, CSF‐CK was different between sites in dogs with thoracolumbar myelopathy (P = .024), but not in dogs with intracranial or cervical neurolocalization (P = .93). All dogs with thoracolumbar myelopathy had equivocal or higher CK levels at the lumbar collection site compared with levels at the CM collection site.ConclusionsCerebrospinal fluid CK values differed depending on the CSF site collection, especially in dogs with thoracolumbar myelopathy. In dogs with thoracolumbar myelopathy, CSF‐CK was likely to be higher when CSF was taken from the lumbar cisterna compared with the CM cisterna. Collecting CSF from the thoracolumbar site could provide better prognostic information than if collected at the CM collection site.
Corneal epithelial inclusion cysts in 12 dogs (13 eyes) from 2010 to 2019: A multicentric retrospective study
Authors: Cassagnes Charles , Cognard Sophie Andree , Nicolier Alexandra , Cazalot Guillaume , Dossin Evelyne , Durieux Philippe , Goulle Frédéric , Michel Julien , Pilorge Philippe , Verneuil Marc , Isard Pierre‐François , Mathieson Iona , Dulaurent Thomas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this retrospective study was to review the clinical data and outcomes of patients that suffered corneal epithelial inclusion cysts (CEIC).Animals studiedThirteen eyes from 12 dogs from multiple private practices in France and Belgium, with a strong clinical of CEIC were included in the study.ResultsThe mean age of affected dogs was 9 years. There were 9 females and 3 males. Two out of 12 dogs were Shih Tzus. Where identified, etiology was traumatic. Eleven dogs were affected unilaterally, 1 bilaterally. The cysts were single, bi‐lobulated, or tri‐lobulate, and cyst size ranged from 1 to 6 mm in diameter. Keratectomy alone was performed in seven cases, in conjunction with a conjunctival graft in three cases, a porcine small intestine mucosa graft in two cases, or an amniotic membrane graft in one case. Histopathologic findings were consistent in all eyes with a cyst located in the corneal stroma, composed of a nonkeratinized squamous epithelium delineating a lumen filled with neutrophils and desquamated epithelial cells. Surgery was curative in all cases but one, where the removal was incomplete and recurrence occurred several weeks after the surgery.ConclusionCorneal epithelial inclusion cysts is a rare condition, secondary to corneal trauma, which can be treated successfully with conventional keratectomy alone or in conjunction with graft procedures.
Online sequential extreme learning machine in river water quality (turbidity) prediction: a comparative study on different data mining approaches
Authors: Zounemat‐Kermani Mohammad , Alizamir Meysam , Fadaee Marzieh , Sankaran Namboothiri Adarsh , Shiri Jalal 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAs a measure of water quality, water turbidity might be a source of water pollution in drinking water resources. Henceforth, having a reliable tool for predicting turbidity values based on common water quantity/quality measured parameters is of great importance. In the present paper, the performance of the online sequential extreme learning machine (OS‐ELM) in predicting daily values of turbidity in Brandywine Creek, Pennsylvania, is evaluated. For this purpose, in addition to the developed OS‐ELM, several data‐driven models, that is, multilayer perceptron neural network (MLPANN), the classification and regression tree (CART), the group method of data handling (GMDH) and the response surface method (RSM) have been applied. The general findings of the study confirm the superiority of the OS‐ELM model over the other applied models so that the OS‐ELM improved the averaged RMSE of the predicted values 9.1, 11.7, 20.5 and 29.3% over the MLPANN, GMDH, RSM and CART models, respectively.
Prevalence of concurrent headache and temporomandibular disorders: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Mnguni Nkazimulo , Olivier Benita , Mosselson Jackie , Mudzi Witness 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this review is to determine the concurrent prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and headaches in patients.

Introduction:
Temporomandibular disorders affect the temporomandibular joint and associated orofacial structures. It is the second-most common musculoskeletal disorder experienced by adults. Headache is one of the most pervasive neurological disorders and can be an extremely disabling condition. Temporomandibular disorders and headache are known to often occur simultaneously and have a bi-directional relationship due to their close anatomical association.

Inclusion criteria:
The systematic review will include all studies with adult participants (>18 years) experiencing headaches (migraine, migraine with/without aura, tension-type, cervicogenic, and chronic headache) with symptoms of temporomandibular disorders occurring concurrently.

Methods:
An initial search of PubMed will be followed by CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in the Cochrane Library, EBSCO MasterFILE Premier, PEDro, ProQuest Health and Medical Complete, Science Direct, and Scopus. Titles and abstracts of studies will be reviewed, and full text articles will be selected if the inclusion criteria are met. Studies that meet the eligibility criteria will then be assessed by two independent reviewers. Full-text articles will be selected if the inclusion criteria are met. A standardized critical appraisal checklist for studies reporting prevalence data will be used to assess methodological quality and a standardized data extraction tool will be used. The results from the included studies will be analyzed using JBI SUMARI software.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO (CRD42019139689)
Running vacuum in quantum field theory in curved spacetime: renormalizing $$\rho _{vac}$$ without $$\sim m^4$$ terms
Authors: Moreno-Pulido Cristian , Solà Peracaula Joan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe $$\Lambda $$Λ-term in Einstein’s equations is a fundamental building block of the ‘concordance’ $$\Lambda $$ΛCDM model of cosmology. Even though the model is not free of fundamental problems, they have not been circumvented by any alternative dark energy proposal either. Here we stick to the $$\Lambda $$Λ-term, but we contend that it can be a ‘running quantity’ in quantum field theory (QFT) in curved space time. A plethora of phenomenological works have shown that this option can be highly competitive with the $$\Lambda $$ΛCDM with a rigid cosmological term. The, so-called, ‘running vacuum models’ (RVM’s) are characterized by the vacuum energy density, $$\rho _{vac}$$ρvac, being a series of (even) powers of the Hubble parameter and its time derivatives. Such theoretical form has been motivated by general renormalization group arguments, which look plausible. Here we dwell further upon the origin of the RVM structure within QFT in FLRW spacetime. We compute the renormalized energy-momentum tensor with the help of the adiabatic regularization procedure and find that it leads essentially to the RVM form. This means that $$\rho _{vac}(H)$$ρvac(H) evolves as a constant term plus dynamical components $${{\mathcal {O}}}(H^2)$$O(H2) and $$\mathcal{O}(H^4)$$O(H4), the latter being relevant for the early universe only. However, the renormalized $$\rho _{vac}(H)$$ρvac(H) does not carry dangerous terms proportional to the quartic power of the masses ($$\sim m^4$$∼m4) of the fields, these terms being a well-known source of exceedingly large contributions. At present, $$\rho _{vac}(H)$$ρvac(H) is dominated by the additive constant term accompanied by a mild dynamical component $$\sim \nu H^2$$∼νH2 ($$|\nu |\ll 1$$|ν|≪1), which mimics quintessence.
On Quasi S-Propermutable Subgroups of Finite Groups
Authors: Yang Hong , Mahboob Abid , Zafer Asim , Ali Iftikhar , Ullah Zafar , Haq Absar Ul 
Published: August 2020

A subgroup

H

of a finite group

G

is said to be quasi S-propermutable in

G

if

K

⊲
¯

G

such that

H
K

is S-permutable in

G

and

H

∩

K
≤

H

q
s
G

, where

H

q
s
G

is the subgroup formed by all those subgroups of

H

which are

S

-propermutable in

G

. In this paper, we give some generalizations of finite group

G

by using the properties and effects of quasi S-propermutable subgroups.
Effect of Luseogliflozin on Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ejiri Kentaro , Miyoshi Toru , Kihara Hajime , Hata Yoshiki , Nagano Toshihiko , Takaishi Atsushi , Toda Hironobu , Nanba Seiji , Nakamura Yoichi , Akagi Satoshi , Sakuragi Satoru , Minagawa Taro , Kawai Yusuke , Nishii Nobuhiro , Fuke Soichiro , Yoshikawa Masaki , Nakamura Kazufumi , Ito Hiroshi , Sato Tetsuya , Sugiyama Hiroyasu , Imai Michio , Gotoh Naoki , Segawa Tomonori , Noda Toshiyuki , Koshiji Masatoshi 
Published: August 2020

Background

Effects of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on reducing hospitalization for heart failure have been reported in randomized controlled trials, but their effects on patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (
HF
p
EF
) are unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the drug efficacy of luseogliflozin, a sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and
HF
p
EF
.

Methods and Results

We performed a multicenter, open‐label, randomized, controlled trial for comparing luseogliflozin 2.5 mg once daily with voglibose 0.2 mg 3 times daily in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus suffering from
HF
p
EF
(left ventricular ejection fraction >45% and BNP [B‐type natriuretic peptide] concentrations ≥35 pg/mL) in a 1:1 randomization fashion. The primary outcome was the difference from baseline in
BNP
levels after 12 weeks of treatment between the 2 drugs. A total of 173 patients with diabetes mellitus and
HF
p
EF
were included. Of these, 83 patients were assigned to receive luseogliflozin and 82 to receive voglibose. There was no significant difference in the reduction in
BNP
concentrations after 12 weeks from baseline between the 2 groups. The ratio of the mean
BNP
value at week 12 to the baseline value was 0.79 in the luseogliflozin group and 0.87 in the voglibose group (percent change, −9.0% versus −1.9%; ratio of change with luseogliflozin versus voglibose, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.78–1.10;
P
=0.26).

Conclusion

In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and
HF
p
EF
, there is no significant difference in the degree of reduction in
BNP
concentrations after 12 weeks between luseogliflozin and voglibose.

Registration

URL
:
https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index.htm
; Unique identifier:
UMIN
000018395.
Right Ventricle Has Normal Myofilament Function But Shows Perturbations in the Expression of Extracellular Matrix Genes in Patients With Tetralogy of Fallot Undergoing Pulmonary Valve Replacement
Authors: Brayson Daniel , Holohan So‐Jin , Bardswell Sonya C. , Arno Matthew , Lu Han , Jensen Hanna K. , Tran Phan Kiet , Barallobre‐Barreiro Javier , Mayr Manuel , dos Remedios Cristobal G. , Tsang Victor T. , Frigiola Alessandra , Kentish Jonathan C. 
Published: August 2020

Background
Patients with repair of tetralogy of Fallot (rToF) who are approaching adulthood often exhibit pulmonary valve regurgitation, leading to right ventricle (RV) dilatation and dysfunction. The regurgitation can be corrected by pulmonary valve replacement (PVR), but the optimal surgical timing remains under debate, mainly because of the poorly understood nature of RV remodeling in patients with rToF. The goal of this study was to probe for pathologic molecular, cellular, and tissue changes in the myocardium of patients with rToF at the time of PVR.

Methods and Results
We measured contractile function of permeabilized myocytes, collagen content of tissue samples, and the expression of mRNA and selected proteins in RV tissue samples from patients with rToF undergoing PVR for severe pulmonary valve regurgitation. The data were compared with nondiseased RV tissue from unused donor hearts. Contractile performance and passive stiffness of the myofilaments in permeabilized myocytes were similar in rToF‐PVR and RV donor samples, as was collagen content and cross‐linking. The patients with rToF undergoing PVR had enhanced mRNA expression of genes associated with connective tissue diseases and tissue remodeling, including the small leucine‐rich proteoglycans ASPN (asporin), LUM (lumican), and OGN (osteoglycin), although their protein levels were not significantly increased.

Conclusions
RV myofilaments from patients with rToF undergoing PVR showed no functional impairment, but the changes in extracellular matrix gene expression may indicate the early stages of remodeling. Our study found no evidence of major damage at the cellular and tissue levels in the RV of patients with rToF who underwent PVR according to current clinical criteria.