bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-timber forest products and climate change adaptation among forest dependent communities in Bamboko forest reserve, southwest region of Cameroon&nbsp;
Authors: Nghogekeh Tieminie Robinson , Loh Chia Eugene , Chupezi Tieguhong Julius , Mayiadieh Nghobuoche Frankline , Mandiefe Piabuo Serge , Tieguhong Mamboh Rolland 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Forests are naturally endowed to combat climate change by protecting people and livelihoods as well as creating a base for sustainable economic and social development. But this natural mechanism is often hampered by anthropogenic activities. It is therefore imperative to take measures that are environmentally sustainable not only for mitigation but also for its adaptation. This study was carried out to assess the role of Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) as an adaptation strategy to cope with the impacts of climate change among forest-dependent communities around the Bamkoko Forest Reserve in the South West Region of Cameroon. Methods: Datasets were collected through household questionnaires (20% of the population in each village that constitute the study site was sample), participatory rural appraisal techniques, transect walks in the 4 corners of the Bamboko Forest Reserve with a square sample of 25 m2 x 25 m2 to identified and record NTFPs in the reserve ,and direct field observations. ).Excel version 2016 and SPSS pakage for social scientist was uesd. The results were used for the construction of tables. Results: A total of 18 plant species were identified as being harvested as Non Timber Forest Products by the residents around Bamkoko Forest Reserve. The majority of the respondents (88%) perceived that there has been a change in climate patterns due to increased temperatures and unpredictable rainfalls. Eru was the most affected NTFPs with a std deviation of 1.66799 and agricultural crops was the most livelihood by climate change around Bamboko Forest Reserve with a std deviation of 1.20459 and local population used more than one strategy to cope with these adverse effects Conclusions: The study concluded that with the increasing climate change effects on crop production and other livelihoods, non-timber forest products still play a safety net role to assist communities. The need to ensure sustainable harvesting, improved processing, and access to non-timber forest products markets cannot be over-emphasized.
Development and Validation of the Peptic Ulcer Scale under the System of Quality of Life Instruments for Chronic Diseases based on Classical Test Theory and Generalizability Theory
Authors: wan chonghua , Chen Ying , Gao Li , Zhang Qingqing , Quan Peng , Sun Xiaoyuan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Quality of life (QOL) for patients with Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is of interest worldwide and disease-specific instruments are needed for clinical research and practice. This paper focus on the development and validation of the PUD scale under the system of Quality of Life Instruments for Chronic Diseases (QLICD-PU) by the modular approach and both classical test theory and Generalizability Theory. Methods: The QLICD-PU is developed based on programmatic decision-making procedures, including multiple nominal and focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and quantitative statistical procedures. Based on the data of 153 PUD inpatients, correlation analysis, factor analysis, t-test, and Generalizability Theory analysis (including generalizability study and decision study, ie. G-study and D-study) were used to assess the validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the scale. Results: When the popular scale health survey short form (SF-36) was used as the standard, correlation and factor analysis confirmed good construct validity and criterion-related validity of QLICD-PU. Except for the social domain (0.62), the internal consistency α of all domains is higher than 0.70. The overall score and the test-retest reliability coefficients (Pearson r and intra-class correlation ICC) in all domains are higher than 0.80 (0.77 in the social domain). After treatments, the overall score and scores of all domains have statistically significant changes (P <0.01), except for social impact and sexual function scores. The SRM (Standardized response mean) of domain-level scores ranges from 0.34 to 1.03. The G coefficient and reliability index (Ф coefficient) further confirm the reliability of the scale through more accurate variance components and decision-making information about changes in the number of items. Conclusions: The QLICD-PU can be used as a useful measurement to assess the quality of life of PUD patients with good psychometric characteristics and multiple advantages.
Polymorphisms&nbsp;of&nbsp;TGF-β1&nbsp;and&nbsp;TGF-β3&nbsp;in Chinese women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Xu Yinglei , Wei Chunlian , Wu Cuijiao , Han Mengmeng , Wang Jingli , Hou Huabin , Zhang Lu , Liu Shiguo , Chen Ying 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pregnancy-specific carbohydrate intolerance Which can cause a large number of perinatal and postpartum complications. The members of Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily play key roles in the homeostasis of pancreatic β-cell and may involve in the development of GDM. This study aimed to explore the association between the polymorphisms of TGF-β1, TGF-β3 and the risk to GDM in Chinese women.Methods: This study included 919 GDM patients (464 with preeclampsia and 455 without preeclampsia) and 1177 healthy pregnant women. TaqMan allelic discrimination real-Time PCR was used to genotype the TGF-β1 (rs4803455) and TGF-β3 (rs2284792 and rs3917201), The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was evaluated by chi-square test.Results: An increased frequency of TGF-β3 rs2284792 AA and AG genotype carriers was founded in GDM patients (AA vs. AG+GG: χ²=6.314, P=0.012, OR=1.270, 95%CI 1.054-1.530; AG vs. GG+AA: χ²=8.545, P=0.003, OR=0.773, 95%CI 0.650-0.919). But there were no significant differences in the distribution of TGF-β1 rs4803455 and TGF-β3 rs3917201 between GDM and healthy women. In addition, no significant differences were found in allele and genotype frequencies among GDM patients with preeclampsia (PE).Conclusions: The AA and AG genotype of TGF-β3 rs2284792 polymorphism may be significantly associated with increased risk of GDM in Chinese population.
Parents are stressed! Patterns of parent stress across COVID-19
Authors: Adams Elizabeth , Smith Danyel , Caccavale Laura J , Bean Melanie K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused numerous unexpected challenges for many families, and these long-lasting demands likely contribute to higher stress for parents. The aim of this study was to describe changes in parent stress longitudinally from before (retrospective) to two timepoints during COVID-19. Stressors that influenced parenting and strategies to manage parenting difficulties at each timepoint during COVID-19 are also described.Methods: Parents (N=433; 95% female) in the US with >1 child aged 5-18 years completed an online survey in May 2020 (T1; at the peak of stay-at-home mandates) and in September 2020 (T2; children’s return to school). Surveys included the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and questions on parenting-specific stress, stressors that influenced parenting, and strategies to manage parenting difficulties during COVID-19. Retrospective report of pre-COVID-19 stress was assessed at T1; current stress was assessed at T1 and T2. Repeated measures analysis of variance examined changes in stress over time.Results: Parent’s stress increased from before COVID-19 to T1 (PSS score: 16.3±5.7 to 22.0±6.4, respectively; p<0.01), and decreased by T2 (19.2±6.0), but remained elevated above pre-COVID-19 values (p<0.01). Most parents (71.1%) reported an increase parenting-specific stress from before COVID-19 to T1, which continued to increase for 55% of parents at T2. Common stressors that impacted parenting during COVID-19 were changes in children’s routines, worry about COVID-19, and online schooling demands. Common strategies parents used to manage parenting difficulties included doing family activities together, keeping in touch with family/friends virtually, and keeping children on daily routines. Conclusions: Parent stress increased substantially during COVID-19 and has not returned to pre-COVID-19 levels, suggesting the need for enhanced mental health resources and supports. Public health interventions should address parenting-specific stressors and effective strategies for managing parenting difficulties to mitigate their deleterious impact.
Elucidation of molecular and hormonal background of early growth cessation and endodormancy induction in two contrasting Populus hybrid cultivars
Authors: Boldizsár Ákos , Soltész Alexandra , Tanino Karen , Kalapos Balázs , Marozsán-Tóth Zsuzsa , Monostori István , Dobrev Petre I , Vankova Radomira , Galiba Gábor 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundOver the life cycle of perennial trees, the dormant state enables the avoidance of abiotic stress conditions. The growth cycle can be partitioned into induction, maintenance and release and is controlled by complex interactions between many endogenous and environmental factors. While phytohormones have long been linked with dormancy, there is increasing evidence of regulation by DAM and CBF genes. To reveal whether the expression kinetics of CBFs and their target PtDAM1 is related to growth cessation and endodormancy induction in Populus, two hybrid poplar cultivars were studied which had known differential responses to dormancy inducing conditions.ResultsGrowth cessation, dormancy status and expression of six PtCBFs and PtDAM1 were analyzed. The ‘Okanese’ hybrid cultivar ceased growth rapidly, was able to reach endodormancy, and exhibited a significant increase of several PtCBF transcripts in the buds on the 10th day. The ‘Walker’ cultivar had delayed growth cessation, was unable to enter endodormancy, and showed much lower CBF expression in buds. Expression of PtDAM1 peaked on the 10th day only in the buds of ‘Okanese’. In addition, PtDAM1 was not expressed in the leaves of either cultivar while leaf CBFs expression pattern was several fold higher in ‘Walker’, peaking at day 1. Leaf phytohormones in both cultivars followed similar profiles during growth cessation but differentiated based on cytokinins which were largely reduced, while the Ox-IAA and iP7G increased in ‘Okanese’ compared to ‘Walker’. Surprisingly, ABA concentration was reduced in leaves of both cultivars. However, the metabolic deactivation product of ABA, phaseic acid, exhibited an early peak on the first day in ‘Okanese’.ConclusionsOur results indicate that PtCBFs and PtDAM1 have differential kinetics and spatial localization which may be related to early growth cessation and endodormancy induction under the regime of low night temperature and short photoperiod in poplar. Unlike buds, PtCBFs and PtDAM1 expression levels in leaves were not associated with early growth cessation and dormancy induction under these conditions. Our study provides new evidence that the degradation of auxin and cytokinins in leaves may be an important regulatory point in a CBF-DAM induced endodormancy. Further investigation of other PtDAMs in bud tissue and a study of both growth-inhibiting and the degradation of growth-promoting phytohormones is warranted.
Tipos de condução do maracujazeiro amarelo e suas influências sobre as características produtivas
Authors: Celestrino Renan Borro , Cavichioli Jose Carlos , Luppi Vítor Antônio dos  Santos , Vitorino Rodrigo Aparecido , Contiero Leandro Aparecido Fogagnoli 
Published: December 2020

O maracujazeiro possui crescimento contínuo e indeterminado, necessitando de condução para melhor distribuição dos ramos nas estruturas de sustentação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a biometria e os parâmetros produtivos do maracujazeiro amarelo (Passiflora edulis Sims) enxertado em resposta a diferentes tipos de condução dos ramos secundários. O experimento foi instalado e conduzido no município de Pracinha, SP, no período de maio de 2016 a abril de 2017, utilizando-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições. Os tratamentos constituíram-se dos seguintes tipos de condução dos ramos secundários: T1 – poda do ramo principal conduzindo um ramo secundário lateral; T2 – poda do ramo principal conduzindo dois ramos secundários laterais; T3 – ramo principal dobrado conduzindo um ramo secundário lateral; T4 – ramo principal dobrado conduzindo dois ramos secundários laterais. Avaliaram-se o comprimento dos ramos secundários, o número de ramos terciários, o comprimento, diâmetro e massa dos frutos, o número de frutos por planta e a produtividade. Não houve diferenças significativas para número de ramos terciários, comprimento, diâmetro e massa de frutos. Verificou-se que o número de frutos por planta e a produtividade do maracujazeiro amarelo são influenciados pelo tipo de condução dos ramos secundários que não altera as características físicas dos frutos. Dobrar o ramo principal conduzindo dois ramos laterais favorecem o desenvolvimento e a produção do maracujazeiro-amarelo.
Strategie nauczania filozofii
Authors: Dymarski Zbyszek 
Published: December 2020

W Polskich mediach, nawet tych ambitnych, brak jest filozoficznych analiz oraz komentarzy do życia intelektualnego i politycznego. Co więcej, brak również zapotrzebowania na nie. Ta konstatacja skłania do poszukiwania przyczyn. Jedną z głównych autor widzi w, oczyszczonym z odniesień do rzeczywistości społeczno-kulturalno-intelektualnej, sposobie wprowadzania w filozofię licealistów i studentów. Naucza się jej w porządku historycznym, skupiając się na chronologii oraz przedstawiając filozoficzne koncepcje jako teorie wyrafinowane intelektualnie i oderwane od świata zwykłych ludzi. Teorie, które czasami wchodzą w interakcje i bardzo rzadko ze światem. Że można i należy inaczej pokazuje autor, przyglądając się trzem strategiom nauczania: historycznej, problemowo-życiowej oraz zagadnieniowo-historycznej. Główną część artykułu poświęca on właśnie opisowi tych strategii w oparciu o analizę najbardziej popularnych w Polsce podręczników do filozofii.
Dziecko w świecie wartości. Spektakl teatralny jako narzędzie wychowawcze
Authors: Sanecka Anna 
Published: December 2020

Celem artykułu jest wskazanie, jak spektakl teatralny może być wykorzystywany jako narzędzie wychowawcze. Wychodząc z założenia, że teatr to nie tylko rozrywka, wskazano, jakie funkcje mogą spełniać przedstawienia teatralne we wczesnej edukacji dzieci. Z analizy wybranych współczesnych dzieł teatralnych wynika, że poruszane są w nich tematy nie tylko ponadczasowe, lecz także aktualne, a wiele z nich dotyka kwestii jeszcze niedawno postrzeganych jako zarezerwowane dla dorosłych; że raczej zadają pytania, niż udzielają odpowiedzi, skłaniają do dyskusji, niż dają jednoznaczne wskazówki. Zaprezentowane przykłady wskazują, że spektakl może stać się odpowiednim materiałem umożliwiającym wprowadzenie dzieci w świat wartości. Dzięki temu teatr wpisuje się w pedagogikę kultury, rozumianą jako wychowanie do wartości oraz pedagogikę aksjologiczną.
Poland – Slovak regional relationships and development of minority Slovak schools in Poland in the Upper Orava region
Authors: Potočárová Mária 
Published: December 2020

The study deals with the situation of the minority (Slovak) education in the Upper Orava region in Poland. The situation and overall state of development of minority education is evaluated mainly from the perspective of historical development of social conditions that not only influenced the school policy, but in some aspects, also reflected the wider understood development of pedagogical thinking in Poland. Over roughly more than two centuries (from the 18th century to the present), a number of historical milestones in Polish – Slovak relationships have taken place, which also affected the functioning of Slovak minority schools in Poland. It is reflected in the territorial and language disputes that affect mainly the national identity of the Slovaks. This paper reflects on the meaning and mission of regional minority schools in this border area of Poland. It emphasizes their unifying role, promoting good coexistence and the formation of an honest and civic open national (ethnic) identity of Slovaks living in Poland in the Upper Orava region.
Identification of Chronic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Biomarkers with Machine Learning and Differential Co-expression Analysis
Authors: Zhang Hongwei , Wang Steven , Huang Tao 
Published: December 2020

Aims:
This study aims to identify the biomarkers for chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis
(CHP) and facilitate the precise gene therapy of CHP.

Background:
Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP) is an interstitial lung disease caused by
hypersensitive reactions to inhaled antigens. Clinically, the task of differentiating CHP and other interstitial
lung diseases, especially idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), was challenging.

Objective:
In this study, we analyzed the publically available gene expression profile of 82 CHP patients,
103 IPF patients, and 103 control samples to identify the CHP biomarkers.

Method:
The CHP biomarkers were selected with advanced feature selection methods: Monte Carlo
Feature Selection (MCFS) and Incremental Feature Selection (IFS). A Support Vector Machine
(SVM) classifier was built. Then, we analyzed these CHP biomarkers through functional enrichment
analysis and differential co-expression analysis.

Results:
There were 674 identified CHP biomarkers. The co-expression network of these biomarkers
in CHP included more negative regulations and the network structure of CHP was quite different
from the network of IPF and control.

Conclusion:
The SVM classifier may serve as an important clinical tool to address the challenging
task of differentiating between CHP and IPF. Many of the biomarker genes on the differential coexpression
network showed great promise in revealing the underlying mechanisms of CHP.
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody in Lupus Nephritis: Correlation with Clinicopathological Characteristics and Disease Activity
Authors: Said Dina , Rashad Nearmeen Mohammed , Abdelrahmanc Nora Said , Dawaa Ghada Aboelsaud 
Published: December 2020

Background::
Lupus nephritis (LN) represents 40%-50% of all systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE) patients, and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis is associated with significant morbidity
and mortality. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) might be involved in the pathogenesis
of LN.

Objective::
We evaluated the role of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA, proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA,
and anti-glomerular basement membrane autoantibodies (anti-GBM autoAb) for the diagnosis of
LN.

Methods::
In this cross-sectional study, 95 SLE patients were divided into 2 subgroups: LN group
(n = 60) and non-LN group (n = 35). For further analysis, we subclassified the LN group into ANCA-
positive (n = 16) and ANCA-negative (n = 44) LN patients. The entire Non-LN group was ANCA-
negative. The SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) was reported for each patient. Determination
of MPO-ANCA, PR3-ANCA, and anti-GBM autoAb was performed using a novel multiplex
bead-based technology in all patients. Data analyses were done using SPSS, version 20. Approval
was obtained from the institutional review board of Zagazig University (ZU-IRB#6000).

Results::
Of 95 patients with SLE, 16 patients (16.84%) had ANCA-positive LN, all of which were
MPO-ANCA. There was a positive correlation between MPO-ANCA and SLEDAI, as well as with
class IV LN. Receiver operating characteristic analyses revealed that the sensitivity and specificity
of MPO-ANCA were 81.3% and 99.8%, respectively, in discriminating LN from systemic lupus
without nephritis.

Conclusion::
MPO-ANCA level was significantly correlated with SLEDAI, inflammatory markers,
kidney function tests, and LN class IV.
Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking and In silico Analysis of Some Novel 2-Amino-1, 3, 4-Thiadiazole Derivatives as Potent DNA Gyrase B Inhibitors
Authors: Ramalakshmi Natarajan , A. Prabakaran , S. Sumithra , S. Keerthika , J. Nivetha , R. Raveena 
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Thiadiazole derivatives have been reported as a potent antimicrobial
agent and the discovery of drug molecules for antimicrobial-resistant strains of Escherichia coli is
still a vital challenge in the modern world.

Objective:
The objective of the present study is to design, synthesize and perform molecular docking
studies and in-silico analysis of some novel 2-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole derivatives with the
aim of developing potential DNA gyrase B inhibitors.

Materials and Methods:
The compound 5-substituted-1, 3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine derivatives [compound
1a-1c] ; 5,6-Diphenyl- 2-[5-(substituted)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl amino]-2H -1,2,4-triazine-
3-thione derivatives [compound 2a-2c]; and propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxy-2,6-bis [5-(substituted)-
1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl amino] benzoate derivatives [compound 3a -3c] were synthesised by temperature-
controlled microwave-assisted method. The structures of the synthesized compounds were
drawn in ChemSketch. Further, molecular docking and in-silico studies for the prediction of druglikeness,
pharmacokinetic parameters and prediction of toxicity were carried out . The structures of
the synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral analysis.

Results:
The synthesized compounds had a better yield.The docking studies of the synthesized
compounds had a better docking score with a good binding affinity towards the protein molecule.
The synthesized compounds also comply with the in-silico prediction of drug-likeness, pharmacokinetic
parameters and prediction of toxicity.

Conclusion:
The present study reveals that the 5-substituted-1, 3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine derivatives
can serve as a better lead as potent DNA gyrase B inhibitor in further drug discovery.
Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial and Insecticidal Properties of Daucus Gracilis Steinh Flowers Essential Oil
Authors: Nadia Bouhassane , Merad-Boussalah Nouria , Benyoucef Fatima , Zoheir Arrar , Muselli Alain , El Amine Dib Mohammed 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Daucus gracilis Steinh belongs to the Apiaceae family. The flowers of
this plant have been used by the population of western Algeria for the treatment of mouth ulcers.
However, very few studies exist concerning the biological properties of essential oil of Daucus gracilis
Steinh flowers.

Objectives:
The purpose of this work was to study the chemical composition of the essential oil of
Daucus gracilis flowers and to evaluate their antimicrobial, insecticidal and anti-inflammatory
properties.

Methods:
The distilled essential oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The antimicrobial activity of
the essential oil was evaluated using two methods i) diffusion method, and ii) micro dilution technique.
The insecticidal activity of essential oil was evaluated against adults of Tribolium confusum
by fumigant test. The in vitro assessment of the anti-inflammatory property of essential oil was assessed
by the protein denaturation method.

Results:
Daucus gracilis flowers essential oil mainly represented oxygenated monoterpenes such
as geranyl acetate (18.3%), lavandulyl acetate (15.2%), lavandulyl isobutyrate (13.6%) and citronellyl
isobutyrate (6.8%). According to the results of antimicrobial activity, the essential oil of flowers
presented prominent inhibitory action against Aspergillus flavus (0.06 μg/mL), followed by Staphylococcus
aureus, Escherichia faecalis, Bacillus cereus and Candida albicans with MIC values of
0.125 μg/mL. The Daucus gracilis essential oil flowers proved to be very biocidal toward adults of
Tribolium confusum; mortality of 100% of the population was noted with a dose of 2 μl/L air after
24 hours of exposure. Furthermore, the oil has shown a very good inhibition of protein denaturation
comparable to Diclofenac at a concentration of 30 μL/mL.

Conclusion:
Daucus gracilis essential oil can be used as a pharmacological tools for inflammatory,
antimicrobial and insecticidal properties.