bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Stabilizing Additive from Natural Zeolite for Stone Mastic Asphalt
Authors: Kopylov V E , Burenina O N 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article describes the possibility to use natural zeolites as a stabilizing additive for Stone mastic asphalt. Stone mastic asphalt is highly resistant to damage caused by traffic and natural climatic conditions. It is possible to use natural zeolites economically exploited in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) as a stabilizing additive, a characteristic feature of which is the presence of voids and channels threading through the entire frame in a dense lattice. In this study, comparative tests of crushed stone-mastic asphalt with various stabilizing additives. As a control group of samples, the stabilizing additive “Stilobit” was used. As a result, data were obtained that natural zeolites are suitable for use as stabilizing additives in the composition of crushed stone-mastic asphalt concrete. In this study, according to the test results, it can be concluded that the natural zeolites are suitable for the use as a stabilizing additive in the composition of stone mastic asphalt. Preliminary mechanical activation of zeolites allows improving the “stone material - binder” interaction at the phase boundary, which is confirmed by improved water resistance parameters of SMA.
Risk of Anthropogenic Cryopeg Formation in Urban Areas in Central Yakutia
Authors: Pavlova N A , Danzanova M V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Yakutsk, the largest city in the continuous permafrost zone, is used as a case study for examining natural and modified environmental conditions that control the character and intensity of water-logging in the active layer in relation to topography and drainage. Interpretation of aerial photography and satellite imagery was carried out, along with analysis of drilling and long-term hydrogeochemical monitoring data, in order to determine the response of natural landscapes to human impacts and to assess the probability of suprapermafrost cryopeg development with city expansion. The role of vegetation cover in controlling the temperature and moisture regime of the active layer was examined. Results suggest that the neighborhoods with chaotic development patterns and impeded drainage have high risk of cryopeg formation. Puddle water in these areas is characterized by high dissolved-solids levels (2-4 g/dm3). As puddles evaporate, salts settle on the underlying soil surface and then migrate into the active layer, increasing its salinity (up to 1.3%). Suprapermafrost water that forms in these soils has dissolved-solids concentrations as high as 8–10 g/dm3. Continuous supply of dissolved solids and their cryogenic concentration promote the formation of hydrochemical taliks and cryopegs. Remote sensing and mathematical modeling demonstrate that changes to the soil moisture and hydrogeochemical regimes cause forest degradation, which, in turn, promotes deeper seasonal thaw. This provides favorable conditions for the formation of subaerial water-bearing taliks and later anthropogenic cryopegs
Heat and Mass Transfer of a Coolant in Horizontal Seasonal Cooling Devices
Authors: Baisheva L M , Permyakov P P , Bolshakov A M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The heat-mass transfer in the seasonal cooling device with air coolant is considered in this article. This device works during the cold period of year at the expense of the difference between temperatures of soil and air. Their thermal calculation which comes down to drawing up thermal balance for determination of temperature of coolant, being its main characteristic is considered. The engineering method of calculation of heat fluxes of the soil and the pipeline laid in the thickness is developed. Also, there were made a natural measurements of the cooling system. Experimental research was made for the purpose of establishment of qualitative and quantitative regularities of communication of the key parameters characterizing operation of the seasonal cooling devices: air temperatures and speeds of its circulation with the defining factors – the air temperature, wind speed, temperature of soil and its heat-physical properties. Results of researches were used also as the actual material during the checking and justification of theoretically determined formulas.
Seasonal Variations of the Amplitude of the VLF Radio Signals and the Intensity of the Atmospheric Electric Field in Cryolithozone Conditions
Authors: Korsakov A A , Kozlov V I , Toropov A A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
It is performed an analysis of seasonal variations of the parameters of the underlying surface under cryolithozone conditions far from industrial interference at the SHICRA SB RAS radiophisical polygon near Yakutsk. Seasonal variations of the parameters of atmospheric electricity and the very low frequency (VLF) radio waves propagation from 2009 to 2018 are presented. It is obtained that for summer season the atmospheric electric field near the earth’s surface has a recession due to summer defrosting of the upper layer of permafrost and underlying surface conductivity changes and an increasing of radon output permeability. There is a slight decreasing of amplitude of VLF radio navigation signals received in Yakutsk in summer period. There is an asymmetry in seasonal daytime variations of the VLF signal amplitude. The VLF amplitude during autumn equinox more closely to summer solstice. The asymmetry determined by the season electron density profiles of the ionospheric D region.
Experience of Application of High Durability Concrete for Transportation Structures in Severe Conditions of the Far North
Authors: Matveeva O I , Fedorova G D 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article presents the experience of using concrete of increased durability for transport structures in the harsh conditions of the North. The main factors determining the durability of concrete are considered, first of all, the quality of local materials for concrete preparation and methods for producing concrete on its basis for arranging road and airfield pavements both from monolithic and prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs of PDN and PAG grades. The results of laboratory studies of PFM-NLK effect complex modifier, specially designed for use in the Far North on the properties of concrete mixture and concrete, which determine its durability are analyzed. The results of testing preparation of concrete at various industrial enterprises, with introduction of products production and production of monolithic coatings at various objects of transport construction are presented. The possibility of developed technologies spreading for production of increased durability concretes in the Far North regions, including during development of the Arctic regions of Russia and the Republic (Sakha), due to the difficult conditions of the region’s harsh climatic and freezing and soil conditions, and economic and environmental conditions is shown
Restituting the Initial Function to the Historical Rental Houses
Authors: Aksenova I V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The subject being addressed in this article is timely because it suggests not only the search of resolutions for the dwelling problems, but also the preservation of historical and cultural environment in Russian cities and towns by returning the initial functions to rental houses. References are made to the RF approved government programs providing restoration of the rental houses institute as the only civilized mode for existence of the rented-dwelling market. Based on the analysis of the rental house construction history in pre-revolution Russia, the article presents the evolution underwent by the structure of multi-apartment dwelling houses. The author has addressed the perimeter-type construction of houses with well-like yards, housing & social complexes for proletariat (the so-called “people’s complexes), rental houses for wealthy citizens, multifunctional complexes of rental houses, as well the condition thereof in the Soviet period. Restitution of initial functions to historical rental houses will help to resolve partially the housing shortage problem and to preserve the historical environment that would comply with the major principle of the sustainable architecture.
The Use of Water Treatment Sludge Containing Clay with Adsorbed Copper and Nickel Ions in the Production of Ceramic Bricks
Authors: Sverguzova S V , Sapronova Zh A , Fomina E V 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe paper presents the results of research on the use of water treatment sludge, which is formed during the processing of model copper and nickel containing water by activated clays as an additive in the manufacture of ceramic products. It was found that with the addition of sludge, the compressive strength of experimental samples increases from 1.8 to 2.5 MPa. The results of bio testing usingDaphnia magna Strauscrustaceans showed that the aqueous extract does not have an acute toxic effect on the test objects.
Prospects for the Use of Spore-forming Bacteria to Combat the Destruction of Polymeric Composite Materials
Authors: Erofeevskaya L A , Aleksandrov A R , Kychkin A K 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In order to develop an environmentally and economically sound method of dealing with biological damage of polymer composite materials (PCM), studies of environmental objects (EO) and finished products placed at the site of climatic tests in the city of Yakutsk were carried out. A strain of aerobic spore-forming psychrotolerant bacteria of the genus Bacillus was isolated from a fragment of basalt plastic reinforcement. Its biochemical properties and morphological characteristics were studied. It was found that the resulting strain has the ability to destroy fungi. This property of the Bacillus can be used to combat the bio-contamination of PCM. Biogenic factors of contamination of finished products with pathogenic fungi have been studied. It is established that the soil cover and atmospheric air in the area of the climatic test site contain similar types of microscopic fungi that were isolated from the surfaces of the prototypes. The results of studies on the microbiological characteristics of OOS it is possible to predict bizarrerie and, as a consequence, the biodegradation of PKM, as in the finished product, in contact with the aerial environment and soil cover of the landfill environmental tests found the same species (A. niger and A. fumigatus) with similar biochemical properties, which requires additional research
Production Technology of Heat-Insulating Material on the Basis of Woodworking Waste
Authors: Rudskikh V , Pukhova V , Bobrik A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The creation of new thermal insulation materials in the conditions of critical rise in the cost of energy resources is due to the energy saving policy. The most important characteristics of such materials are energy efficiency and effectiveness and environmental friendliness. Scientists of the Siberian Federal University developed a thermal insulation material based on waste wood processing industry. A distinctive feature of the proposed material is cavitation processing of raw materials. The production technology is the following: wood waste as part of the aqueous suspension go through cavitation treatment with the help of a high-speed mixing plant, then the suspension is kept in room conditions for a day, after that the raw material is subjected to hot pressing. As a result of such sequence of technological actions we get the competitive heat-insulating material on heat engineering qualities close to analogues, but with much lower prime cost of its production. Another important feature of this material is the ability to control its final qualities, depending on the mode and duration of cavitation processing.
Theoretical Basis for Designing Seepage-Control Walls in Dam Foundations
Authors: Sainov M P 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The structures arranged using the method of «slurry trench cutoff wall» or using secant piles are frequently used as seepage-control elements in dam foundations. However, they are designed based on empirical approaches without theoretical validation. With the aid of theoretical modeling the author revealed main specific features of seepage-control walls stress-strain state. They work not only for cross bending but also are subject to bending in their own plane, as well as they perceive considerable vertical forces. These forces appear due to friction between the wall and soil. The author obtained empirical formulae which at preliminary design stages permit predicting maximum values of compressive stresses in the wall at the moment when vertical forces have maximum values. The study made it possible to verify the recommendations for selection of material for arrangement of seepage-control walls. As a rule, deformation modulus of the wall material should not exceed the deformation modulus of the weakest soil by more than two times. Clay-cement concrete or plastic concrete is recommended to be used for the wall material. Its compressive strength is provided due to lateral compression of the wall by lateral compression of soil and groundwater pressure. For not deep «hanging» walls it is possible to use concrete. The assessment was given of foundation deformation impact on the stress-strain state of seepage-control walls. Occurrence of weak interlayers in the foundation causes in the wall appearance of zones concentrating compressive stresses and additional bending deformations. In high dam foundations there is a danger of sharp decrease of the wall compression pressure due to deformations of the foundation lateral expansion. It is not recommended to use the cantilever pattern of the wall conjugation with the dam body, but arrange a concrete gallery above the wall head. Conjugation by a cantilever is possible only for the walls arranged at the edge of the dam profile.
Method of Calculating the Limiting Depth of Ruts on the Pavement of Automobile Roads
Authors: Aleksandrov A S , Dolgih G V , Kuzin N V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Proposed the criterion for design pavement, limiting the rut depth RD by limiting value RD
lim
, which depends on the required values of transport and exploitation characteristics. The solution to the problem is based on the classical dependence of the dynamic coefficient on speed at the point of impact of bodies. In this fundamental dependence, the collision speed of the tire with coated is determined by the speed of the wheel and the depth of the irregularities. From this fundamental formula, the functional dependence of the irregularities depth on the speed of movement, the deformation characteristics of the pavement, the power parameters of the moving load (dynamic coefficient), the distance of entry and exit of the wheel from the rut when overtaking another car is obtained. The analysis of the work of specialists of the road industry, which allowed to establish the limit values of all the factors under consideration for coatings, the state of which is characterized by different assessments (excellent, good and satisfactory). For different conditions of coverage, the limiting values of the rut depth RD
lim
are given.
Methods of Reconstruction of Park Territories on Condition of Ecosystem Conservation
Authors: Artemyeva T G , Balzannikova E M , Balzannikov M I 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the process of the urban framework transformation that occurs as a result of the development of urban tissue. The authors analyzed the most common changes in the state of urban park territories, as well as approaches for their further use. The need for structuring the functional areas of park territories taking into account the existing environmental situation is singled out. Two main city park subsystems are identified: ecosystem and recreational environment. The principles of their interaction are revealed. The forms of degradation and destruction of the ecosystem of park territories depending on the factors of aggressive influence are indicated. The authors analyzed the typical functional composition of the park recreational environment. The main characteristics and anthological problems of urban park areas are identified on the example of the author’s concept for reconstruction of the Gorky Park located in Samara city. The universal method of preserving the ecosystem in an urban park environment is proposed, which is based on the principle of segregation of zones and concentration of functional consumer facilities.
To the Shear Strength of Concrete
Authors: Dovzhenko O O , Pohribnyi V V , Zyma O E 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Interpretations of the “pure shear” phenomenon were presented. The incompatibility of “pure shear” for concrete as a special case of stress state and destruction form was indicated. Due to the variety of cases of concrete and reinforced concrete elements destruction by shearing, it is impossible to establish a concrete shear strength single characteristic, and all its empirical values are particular for individual cases. As an alternative to calculating shear strength, a sufficiently strength calculating general theory of concrete and reinforced concrete elements under complex inhomogeneous stress-strain states, developed on the basis of the ideal concrete plasticity premise on the destruction surface and variational method, was proposed. The developed methodology has been comprehensively tested. An example of using the theoretical results of concrete elements strength solving the problem of the with a two-way strip load application by the variational method in the plasticity theory to determine the concrete strength characteristics was given.
The Regularities of Structure Formation during Friction Stir Processing of Bimetallic Materials Based on Copper and Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Chumaevskii A V , Kalashnikov K N , Gusarova A V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The structure of polymetallic materials samples obtained by friction stir processing of a sheet package made from AMg5 aluminum alloy and L63 copper alloy is studied. The regularities of structure formation at the deformation-initiated stirring of system components in comparison with the similar process at sample production from homogeneous materials are determined. The localization of the main defective zones in the samples during coatings formation is studied. Intensive diffusion and mechanical mixing of system components, leading to the formation of a large number of different phases in the “coating-substrate” system, has been revealed.
An Approximate Analytical Solution to the Problem of Heat Exchange in Porous Material
Authors: Kravchuk V Yu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article consists some researches of heat exchange in porous medium. The general formulations of the heat exchange task are presented. The physical meaning and its mathematical interpretation of the task are described. The analytical solution of differential system equation for simply boundary conditions are found. The field of simple mathematical formulation application is detected.
The Importance of Mathematics for Future Architects and Civil Engineers
Authors: Sergeeva E V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Since ancient times, the main methods of design belonged to mathematics. Mathematics in Ancient Greece was one of the sections of architecture and was based on the classical geometry of Euclid. And now professional competence of graduates of construction specialties of the University is impossible without the developed mathematical competence. Developing mathematical competence of future architects and civil engineers, we solve applied problems with students, perform professionally - oriented tasks and projects. Any design solutions in architecture and construction should be mathematically justified. Therefore, any architect, civil engineer should know the theoretical foundations of mathematics, be able to build mathematical models, solve applied problems using the methods of mathematical statistics for processing experimental data.
Development and Research of Properties Cement Concrete Hardening Accelerator Additive Based on a Mixture of Inorganic Fluorine-Containing Salts
Authors: Roumyantseva V Eu , Goglev I N , Loginova S A , Truntov P S , Burkov A A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
the article describes the basic salts and their mixtures used to accelerate the hardening process of cement concretes in the practice of modern construction. Development and main characteristics of the additive accelerating process of hardening of cement concrete are presented. This additive is based on a mixture of non-organic fluorinated salts. The composition of the additive allows to accelerate the process of hardening of cement stone, due to the formation of insoluble and dense compounds. A number of experiments were carried out to determine the optimal amount of fluoride salts in the additive. The results of the research showed a low consumption of additive per 1 m3 of heavy concrete. Advantages and disadvantages of the additive allow us to recommend its use to accelerate the hardening of concrete in a wet environment. The article provides a detailed description of the test methods. The tests were carried out using certified and verified measuring instruments taking into account the strength characteristics of the materials. As a result, the dependence of the concrete hardening rate on the amount of additive used was revealed. The article also discusses some proposals for the practical use of additive in the production technology of concrete and reinforced concrete. According to the results of destructive and non-destructive testing, an increase in the strength of concrete by >30% compared to conventional concrete.
Sound-Absorbing Polymer Composite Materials for Construction Purposes
Authors: Nigmatullina A I , Galimzyanova R Yu , Khakimullin Yu N , Stytsenkov A A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a study of the influence of the nature fillers (wood flour, wood dust, vermiculite, expanded vermiculite, organoclay) and a polymer matrix (elastomer and thermoplastic) on the sound-absorbing and physico-mechanical characteristics of polymer composite materials. As a result of the studies, it was shown that sound absorption depends on the polymer matrix used - the sound absorption coefficient in the frequency range 2500-5000 Hz is greater for an elastomer-based composite material. It was also found that the nature of the studied fillers, as well as their content, practically does not affect the level of sound absorption of the polymer composite material. Differences appear only at a frequency of 6300 Hz. At high frequencies, expanded vermiculite has shown itself to be the most effective filler in terms of improving sound insulation properties. In the case of using, as a polymer-based thermoplastic, the introduction of a filler does not affect the values of the sound absorption coefficient in the entire frequency range.
Modeling and Optimization of a Mechanical Point Connection with the Reinforcement of Structures Containing Polymer Composite Materials
Authors: Vashukov Yu A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The methodology of determination of geometric parameters of the reinforcing element in case of highly resourceful mechanical point joint formation in the products of anisotropic polymer composite material (PCM) is presented. Physical-mechanical properties and the safety factor of the composite material are also taken into account as well as the material of the reinforcing element. The developed methodology applying finite-element modelling allows to analyze the strained state of the reinforced element and to determine optimal parameters of its mounting.