bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teachers responding to cultural diversity: case studies on assessment practices, challenges and experiences in secondary schools in Austria, Ireland, Norway and Turkey
Authors: Herzog-Punzenberger Barbara , Altrichter Herbert , Brown Martin , Burns Denise , Nortvedt Guri A. , Skedsmo Guri , Wiese Eline , Nayir Funda , Fellner Magdalena , McNamara Gerry , O’Hara Joe 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGlobal mobility and economic and political crises in some parts of the world have fuelled migration and brought new constellations of ‘cultural diversity’ to European classrooms (OECD 2019). This produces new challenges for teaching, but also for assessment in which cultural biases may have far-reaching consequences for the students’ further careers in education, occupation and life. After considering the concept of and current research on ‘culturally responsive assessment’, we use qualitative interview data from 115 teachers and school leaders in 20 lower secondary schools in Austria, Ireland, Norway and Turkey to explore the thinking about diversity and assessment practices of teachers in the light of increasing cultural diversity. Findings suggest that ‘proficiency in the language of instruction’ is the main dimension by which diversity in classrooms is perceived. While there is much less reference to ‘cultural differences’ in our case studies, we found many teachers in case schools trying to adapt their assessment procedures and grading in order to help students from diverse backgrounds to show their competencies and to experience success. However, these responses were, in many cases, individualistic rather than organised by the school or regional education authorities and were also strongly influenced and at times, limited by government-mandated assessment regimes that exist in each country. The paper closes with a series of recommendations to support the further development of a practicable and just practice of culturally responsive assessment in schools.
Visible lattice points along curves
Authors: Liu Kui , Meng Xianchang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper concerns the number of lattice points in the plane which are visible along certain curves to all elements in some set S of lattice points simultaneously. By proposing the concept of level of visibility, we are able to analyze more carefully about both the “visible” points and the “invisible” points in the definition of previous research. We prove asymptotic formulas for the number of lattice points in different levels of visibility.
The Causal Effects of Parental Divorce and Parental Temporary Separation on Children’s Cognitive Abilities and Psychological Well-being According to Parental Relationship Quality
Authors: Garriga Anna , Pennoni Fulvia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe explore the effects of parental divorce and parental temporary separation on well-being of children at a specific stage of their development according to the parental relationship quality. Despite the importance of this subject, among previous studies only few consider very young children and are based on statistical methods properly tailored to enhance causal evaluations. We attempt to establish the effects on both cognitive abilities and psychological dimensions of children at age five by using data drawn from the first three waves of the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Using an appropriate imputation method, we apply the augmented inverse propensity treatment weighted estimator to infer causality. Overcoming some of the limitations of previous research, we find that the dissolution of high-quality parental unions has the most harmful effects on children, especially concerning conduct problems. We demonstrate the substantial variation on consequences of parental divorce depending on the level of parental relationship quality. We show that parental temporary separation is a type of family disruption that has significant negative effects on young children. In fact, we infer that they have more conduct and hyperactivity problems than children from stable or divorced families. Our results also suggest children to be targeted with appropriate policies aimed to reduce the adverse effect of family disruption.
A response to the problem of wild coincidences
Authors: Taggart Christopher P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDerk Pereboom has posed an empirical objection to agent-causal libertarianism: The best empirically confirmed scientific theories feature physical laws predicting no long-run deviations from fixed conditional frequencies that govern events. If agent-causal libertarianism were true, however, then it would be virtually certain, absent ‘wild coincidences’, that such long-run deviations would occur. So, current empirical evidence makes agent-causal libertarianism unlikely. This paper formulates Pereboom’s ‘Problem of Wild Coincidences’ as a five-step argument and considers two recent responses. Then, it offers a different response: The Problem of Wild Coincidences does not show that current empirical evidence makes agent-causal libertarianism unlikely, even if all events are governed by physical laws featuring fixed long-run conditional frequencies and even if agents can ‘overrule’ normal physical laws.
Environmental costs of buildings: monetary valuation of ecological indicators for the building industry
Authors: Schneider-Marin Patricia , Lang Werner 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Building life cycle assessment (LCA) draws on a number of indicators, including primary energy (PE) demand and global warming potential (GWP). A method of constructing a composite index of weighted individual indicators facilitates their use in comparisons and optimization of buildings, but a standard for weighting has not been established. This study investigates the use of monetary valuation of building LCA results as a way to weigh, aggregate, and compare results.

Methods
A set of six recent German office buildings served as a case study. For these, standard LCA and life cycle cost (LCC) calculations were conducted. Monetary valuation models from the literature were investigated as a basis for evaluation. From these, maximum and minimum valuation was chosen and applied to the LCA results for the embedded impacts of the case study buildings. The buildings’ environmental costs (EC) were thereafter calculated and contributions of single impacts are analyzed. The EC—based on external costs—are subsequently compared with the life cycle costs (LCC)—based on market prices—of the respective buildings.

Results and discussion
Of the five standard environmental indicators used in Germany, GWP contributes approximately 80 to 95% of the overall EC. Acidification potential (AP) is the second largest contributor with up to 18%. Eutrophication (EP), photochemical oxidization (POCP), and ozone depletion potential (ODP) contribute less than 2.0%, 1.05%, and 2.4E−6% respectively. An additional assessment of the contribution of resource depletion to EC shows an impact at least as large as the impact of GWP. The relation between the EC and LCC strongly depends on the EC model used: if EC are internalized, they add between 1 and 37% to the life cycle costs of the buildings. Varying construction materials for a case study building shows that materials with low GWP have the potential to lower environmental costs significantly without a trade-off in favor of other indicators.

Conclusions
Despite their sensitivity to the monetary valuation model used, EC provide an indication that GWP and resource depletion—followed by AP—are the most relevant of the environmental indicators currently considered for the construction industry. Monetary valuation of environmental impacts is a valuable tool for comparisons of different buildings and design options and provides an effective and valuable way of communicating LCA results to stakeholders.
The ENIGMA sports injury working group:– an international collaboration to further our understanding of sport-related brain injury
Authors: Koerte Inga K. , Esopenko Carrie , Hinds Sidney R. , Shenton Martha E. , Bonke Elena M. , Bazarian Jeffrey J. , Bickart Kevin C. , Bigler Erin D. , Bouix Sylvain , Buckley Thomas A. , Choe Meeryo C. , Echlin Paul S. , Gill Jessica , Giza Christopher C. , Hayes Jasmeet , Hodges Cooper B. , Irimia Andrei , Johnson Paula K. , Kenney Kimbra , Levin Harvey S. , Lin Alexander P. , Lindsey Hannah M. , Lipton Michael L. , Max Jeffrey E. , Mayer Andrew R. , Meier Timothy B. , Merchant-Borna Kian , Merkley Tricia L. , Mills Brian D. , Newsome Mary R. , Porfido Tara , Stephens Jaclyn A. , Tartaglia Maria Carmela , Ware Ashley L. , Zafonte Ross D. , Zeineh Michael M. , Thompson Paul M. , Tate David F. , Dennis Emily L. , Wilde Elisabeth A. , Baron David 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSport-related brain injury is very common, and the potential long-term effects include a wide range of neurological and psychiatric symptoms, and potentially neurodegeneration. Around the globe, researchers are conducting neuroimaging studies on primarily homogenous samples of athletes. However, neuroimaging studies are expensive and time consuming, and thus current findings from studies of sport-related brain injury are often limited by small sample sizes. Further, current studies apply a variety of neuroimaging techniques and analysis tools which limit comparability among studies. The ENIGMA Sports Injury working group aims to provide a platform for data sharing and collaborative data analysis thereby leveraging existing data and expertise. By harmonizing data from a large number of studies from around the globe, we will work towards reproducibility of previously published findings and towards addressing important research questions with regard to diagnosis, prognosis, and efficacy of treatment for sport-related brain injury. Moreover, the ENIGMA Sports Injury working group is committed to providing recommendations for future prospective data acquisition to enhance data quality and scientific rigor.
Structure Refinement Upon Ultrasonic Melt Treatment in a DC Casting Launder
Authors: Subroto Tungky , Eskin Dmitry G. , Beckwith Christopher , Skalicky Ivan , Roberts Dan , Tzanakis Iakovos , Pericleous Koulis 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis work focuses on ultrasonic melt treatment (UST) in a launder upon pilot-scale direct chill (DC) casting of 152-mm-diameter billets from an AA6XXX alloy with Zr addition. Two casting temperatures (650°C and 665°C) were used to assess their effect on the resulting microstructure (grain size, particle size, and number density).
Structure refinement results show the feasibility of UST in the DC casting launder. This is quantified through the corresponding reduction of grain size by around 50% in the billet center, or more towards the billet surface, reduction of the average Al3Zr particle size, and increase in the particle number density. A higher Al3Zr particle density was obtained when the alloy was cast at 665°C. Numerical simulation results and suggestions on how to improve the treatment quality of UST in DC casting launder are also provided.
Work Disability in Axial Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Nikiphorou Elena , Ramiro Sofia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurpose of ReviewAxial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that typically affects people of working age. Work-related outcomes are therefore important to study, both from an individual but also a societal perspective. Through this review of the literature, we explore the impact of axSpA on key work outcomes including work and productivity loss and predictors for these.Recent FindingsRecent evidence confirms that axSpA is associated with substantial consequences on the ability to work. Reassuringly, early treatment and use of biologics have been associated with improved wok outcomes highlighting the importance of prompt diagnosis and management. High disease activity, labour-intensive jobs, poor physical function and impaired spinal mobility are among identified predictors of adverse work outcomes in axSpA.SummaryThe impact of axSpA on work outcomes is considerable and necessitates optimal intervention, including suppression of disease activity, to enhance people’s chances of remaining in work.
Coronary physiology before and after chronic total occlusion treatment: what does it tell us?
Authors: Keulards D. C. J. , Vlaar P. J. , Wijnbergen I. , Pijls N. H. J. , Teeuwen K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractStudies performed in the last two decades demonstrate that after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of a chronically occluded coronary artery, the physiology of the chronic total occlusion (CTO) vessel and dependent microvasculature does not normalise immediately but improves significantly over time. Generally, there is an increase in fractional flow reserve (FFR) in the CTO artery, a decrease in collateral blood supply and an increase in FFR in the donor artery accompanied by an increase in blood flow and decrease in microvascular resistance in the myocardium supplied by the CTO vessel. Analogous to these physiological changes, positive remodelling of the distal CTO artery also occurs over time, and intravascular imaging can be helpful for analysing distal vessel parameters. Follow-up coronary angiography with physiological measurements after several weeks to months can be helpful and informative in a subset of patients in order to decide upon the necessity for treatment of residual coronary artery stenosis in the vessel distal to the CTO or in the contralateral donor artery, as well as in deciding whether stent optimisation is indicated. We suggest that such physiological guidance of CTO procedures avoids unnecessary overtreatment during the initial procedure, guides interventions at follow-up, and improves our understanding of what PCI in CTO means.
Single-Mode Modified Tapered Fiber Structure Functionalized With GO-PVA Composite Layer for Relative Humidity Sensing
Authors: Syuhada Aneez , Shamsudin Muhammad Salleh , Daud Suzairi , Krishnan Ganesan , Harun Sulaiman Wadi , Aziz Muhammad Safwan Abd. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA sensitive tapered optical fiber sensor incorporating graphene oxide (GO) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite film for the rapid measurement of changes in relative humidity was proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The sensing principle was based on the intensity modulation of the transmitted light induced by the refractive index changes of the sensitive coatings. The sensing region was obtained by tapering a section of single-mode optical fiber (SMF) from its original 125 µm diameter down to 9.03 µm. The tapered structure was then modified through deposition of GO/PVA nanocomposites by using the dip-coating technique. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the structure of the composite film. As evidenced by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, the presence of oxygen functional groups (such as −OH and COOH) on the GO structure enabled the attachment of PVA molecules through hydrogen bonding and strong adhesion between GO/PVA layers. The performance of the sensor was tested over a wide range (20%RH to 99.9%RH) of relative humidity. The sensor showed a good response with its signal increasing linearly with the surrounding humidity. The tapered optical fiber sensor with the coating of GO/0.3g PVA achieved the highest sensitivity [0.5290RH (%)]. The stability, repeatability, reversibility, as well as response time of the designated sensor were also measured and analyzed.
Ultrasound evaluation of varicoceles: systematic literature review and rationale of the ESUR-SPIWG Guidelines and Recommendations
Authors:   Members of the ESUR-SPIWG WG, Bertolotto Michele , Freeman Simon , Richenberg Jonathan , Belfield Jane , Dogra Vikram , Huang Dean Y. , Lotti Francesco , Markiet Karolina , Nikolic Olivera , Ramanathan Subramaniyan , Ramchandani Parvati , Rocher Laurence , Secil Mustafa , Sidhu Paul S. , Skrobisz Katarzyna , Studniarek Michal , Tsili Athina , Turgut Ahmet Tuncay , Pavlica Pietro , Derchi Lorenzo E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAlthough often asymptomatic and detected incidentally, varicocele is a relatively common problem in patients who seek medical attention for infertility problems. Ultrasound (US) is the imaging modality of choice for evaluation, but there is no consensus on the diagnostic criteria, classification, and examination technique. In view of this uncertainty, the Scrotal and Penile Imaging Working Group of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR-SPIWG) undertook a systematic review of the available literature on this topic, to use as the basis for evidence-based guidelines and recommendations. This paper provides the results of the systematic review on which guidelines were constructed.
A Comprehensive Review of Peri-implantitis Risk Factors
Authors: Hashim Dena , Cionca Norbert 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This is a comprehensive narrative review aimed at identifying relevant risk factors associated with peri-implantitis.

Recent Findings
Recent studies suggest that water pipes and electronic cigarettes present potentially significant risk factors for peri-implantitis. In addition, we have recently appreciated that the release of titanium particles into the peri-implant tissues is associated with inflammation and disease progression. Yet the question remains as to whether these factors could be sole or major causes of peri-implantitis, or merely additional factors contributing to the aggravation of the disease. Furthermore, the use of zirconia implants does not prevent the development of peri-implantitis, but it has been associated with lower inflammation and marginal bone resorption.

Summary
Established peri-implantitis risk factors include periodontal disease, lack of maintenance, cigarette and smokeless tobacco use, hyperglycaemia and obesity. Local risk factors include inadequate plaque control, mucositis, implant’s malposition and poorly designed prostheses or presence of excess cement. Potential risk factors requiring additional research include genetic and systemic conditions, high doses of bisphosphonates and hormonal replacement therapy. Occlusal overload, lack of keratinised tissue and local presence of titanium particles seem to aggravate peri-implant disease, but studies are still required prior to drawing definitive conclusions.
Die Messung der Fähigkeit zur Unterrichtsplanung im Fach Physik mit Hilfe eines standardisierten Performanztests
Authors: Schröder Jan , Riese Josef , Vogelsang Christoph , Borowski Andreas , Buschhüter David , Enkrott Patrick , Kempin Maren , Kulgemeyer Christoph , Reinhold Peter , Schecker Horst 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Unterrichtsplanung stellt eine zentrale berufliche Anforderung an (Physik‑)Lehrkräfte dar. Bereits im Lehramtsstudium sollen grundlegende Fähigkeiten zur Unterrichtsplanung erworben und im Rahmen von schulpraktischen Phasen erprobt bzw. erweitert werden. Unklar ist jedoch, inwieweit das professionelle Wissen, das Lehramtsstudierende in ihren fachlichen, fachdidaktischen und erziehungswissenschaftlichen Studienteilen erwerben, tatsächlich bei der Planung von Fachunterricht genutzt wird. Ebenso gibt es nur punktuelle Erkenntnisse über die Entwicklung der Fähigkeit zur Unterrichtsplanung im Lehramtsstudium. Um diese Fragen zu klären, sind Messverfahren erforderlich, die die Fähigkeiten zur Unterrichtsplanung valide erfassen können und die gleichzeitig ökonomisch auswertbar sind, um Fallzahlen realisieren zu können, die auch kleine Effekte auflösen. Bisherige Ansätze, die reale Handlungsproben der Unterrichtsplanung (z. B. schriftliche Unterrichtsentwürfe) untersuchen, stehen vor der methodischen Herausforderung, dass die Generierung eines Fähigkeitsmaßes höchst anspruchsvoll ist, da reale Planungen individuell sehr unterschiedlich angelegt sind und vielen Randbedingungen unterliegen, die statistisch kaum kontrollierbar sind. In diesem Beitrag wird daher ein sogenannter Performanztest zur Erfassung der Fähigkeit zur Unterrichtsplanung vorgestellt und diskutiert. Ein Performanztest ist ein Verfahren, in dem in einem realitätsnahen Setting Handlungen unter standardisierten Rahmenbedingungen simuliert werden. Neben der theoriegeleiteten Entwicklung des Instruments und Vorstudien zur Sammlung von Validitätsargumenten werden auch erste Ergebnisse dargestellt, die aus Erhebungen vor und nach einem Praxissemester an vier Universitäten in drei Bundesländern resultieren (N = 174 Unterrichtsplanungen). Dabei stellt sich das Testverfahren als ausreichend sensitiv heraus, um fürN = 68 Testpersonen (ca. 20 % Dropout) erwartungstreu eine signifikante Zunahme des Testscores während des Praxissemesters, welches als Lerngelegenheit angenommen werden kann, zu messen.
Influence of different biomass ash additive on anthracite pyrolysis process and char gasification reactivity
Authors: Li Xiaoming , Yang Caifeng , Liu Mengjie , Bai Jin , Li Wen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCatalytic coal gasification technology shows prominent advantages in enhancing coal gasification reactivity and is restrained by the cost of catalyst. Two typical biomass ash additions, corn stalk ash (CSA, high K–Na and low Si) and poplar sawdust ash (PSA, high K–Ca and high Si), were employed to study the influence of biomass ash on pyrolysis process and char gasification reactivity of the typical anthracite. Microstructure characteristics of the char samples were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Based on isothermal char-CO2 gasification experiments, the influence of biomass ash on reactivity of anthracite char was determined using thermogravimetric analyzer. Furthermore, structural parameters were correlated with different reactivity parameters to illustrate the crucial factor on the gasification reactivity varied with char reaction stages. The results indicate that both CSA and PSA additives hinder the growth of adjacent basic structural units in a vertical direction of the carbon structure, and then slow down the graphitization process of the anthracite during pyrolysis. The inhibition effect is more prominent with the increasing of biomass ash. In addition, the gasification reactivity of anthracite char is significantly promoted, which could be mainly attributed to the abundant active AAEM (especially K and Na) contents of biomass ash and a lower graphitization degree of mixed chars. Higher K and Na contents illustrate that the CSA has more remarkable promotion effect on char gasification reactivity than PSA, in accordance with the inhibition effect on the order degree of anthracite char. The stacking layer number could reasonably act as a rough indicator for evaluating the gasification reactivity of the char samples.
Intestinal drug transporters in pathological states: an overview
Authors: Drozdzik Marek , Czekawy Izabela , Oswald Stefan , Drozdzik Agnieszka 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEmerging information suggests that gastrointestinal and systemic pathology states may affect expression and function of membrane transporters in the gastrointestinal tract. Altered status of the transporters could affect drug as well as endogenous compounds handling with subsequent clinical consequences. It seems that in some pathologies, e.g., liver or kidney failure, changes in the intestinal transporter function provide compensatory functions, eliminating substrates excreted by dysfunctional organs. A literature search was conducted on Ovid and Pubmed databases to select relevant in vitro, animal and human studies that have reported expression, protein abundance and function of intestinal drug transporters. The accumulated data suggest that gastrointestinal pathology (inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, cholestasis) as well as systemic pathologies (kidney failure, liver failure, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, obesity, diabetes mellitus, systemic inflammation and Alzheimer disease) may affect drug transporter expression and function in the gastrointestinal tract. The altered status of drug transporters may provide compensatory activity in handling endogenous compounds, affect local drug actions in the gastrointestinal tract as well as impact drug bioavailability.Graphic abstract