bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of Midkine and AFP for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Qingqing , Li Jie , Cao Hui , Lv Chenlu , Wang Xiaolin , Cao Shiqiong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective: Midkine (MDK) has been proposed as one of the most promising markers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This meta-analysis was conducted to compare the diagnostic accuracy of MDK and α-fetoprotein (AFP) for HCC.
Methods: We systematically searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Ovid/EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for all relevant studies up to 18 May 2019. The Revised Quality Assessment for Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy tool (QUADAS-2) was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. The sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve (AUC) of MDK and AFP for detecting HCC were pooled using random-effects model.
Results: Seventeen studies from five articles with a total of 1122 HCC patients and 2483 controls were included. The summary estimates using MDK and AFP for detecting HCC were as follows: sensitivity, 85 vs 52%, specificity, 82 vs 94%, and AUC, 0.90 vs 0.83. The summary estimates using MDK and AFP for detecting hepatitis virus-related HCC as follows: sensitivity, 93 vs 74%, specificity, 85 vs 97%, and AUC, 0.95 vs 0.97. The summary estimates using MDK and AFP for detecting early-stage HCC were as follows: sensitivity, 83.5 vs 44.4%, specificity, 81.7 vs 84.8%, and AUC, 0.87 vs 0.52. The summary estimates using MDK for detecting AFP-negative HCC as follows: sensitivity, 88.5%, specificity, 83.9%, and AUC, 0.91.
Conclusion: MDK is more accurate than AFP in diagnosing HCC, especially for early-stage HCC and AFP-negative HCC. Both MDK and AFP had excellent diagnostic performance for hepatitis virus-related HCC.
Effect of wall inclination on the dynamic behaviour of an oscillating water column system
Authors: El Barakaz Abdelhamid , El Marjani Abdellatif , Mounir Hamid 
Published: February 2020

The Oscillating Water Column device (OWC) is one of the most used Wave Energy Converters (WECs) for wave energy harvesting. It consists essentially of two parts: the pneumatic chamber made of concrete and the bidirectional turbine linked to a generator group for energy production.
In this study we are interested in the water motion oscillation inside the chamber resulting from the water level perturbation. This process is characterized by its own natural frequency and global damping. The vertical OWC chamber model is limited by the number of parameters defining the natural frequency and the global damping. The objective of this paper is to improve the performances obtained for the vertical OWC by considering an OWC with inclined sidewalls.
For maximum efficiency, the device must operate in the resonance domain where the damping is low and the frequency of incoming waves matches with the natural frequency of the OWC. This will theoretically amplify the pneumatic energy to be converted to a mechanical one in the turbine.
Diagnostik und Therapie des Anti-p200-Pemphigoids
Authors: Holtsche M. M. , Zillikens D. , Sadik C. D. 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungPemphigoid-Erkrankungen sind eine Gruppe von 7 Autoimmunerkrankungen, bei denen es durch Bildung von Autoantikörpern gegen Proteine des dermal-epidermalen Adhäsionskomplexes zu einer Entzündung der Haut und Schleimhäute kommt, die zur Bildung von Blasen und Erosionen führen können. Die einzelnen Pemphigoid-Erkrankungen weisen in ihrem klinischen Bild Ähnlichkeiten, teilweise aber auch erhebliche Unterschiede auf. Die genaue Differenzierung der einzelnen Pemphigoid-Erkrankungen ist oft nur durch eine gründliche immunpathologische Diagnostik möglich. Dies betrifft insbesondere die Differenzierung zwischen bullösem Pemphigoid, Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita und Anti-p200-Pemphigoid. Letztere ist die zuletzt definierte Pemphigoid-Erkrankung und die einzige mit immer noch unbekanntem Autoantigen. In dem vorliegenden Artikel präsentieren wir den typischen Verlauf eines Anti-p200-Pemphigoids und gehen detailliert auf die immunpathologische Diagnostik ein, die benötigt wird, um das Anti-p200-Pemphigoid von anderen Pemphigoid-Erkrankungen zu unterscheiden.
Orale Toleranzinduktion bei Typ I-Allergie gegen Ei
Authors: Kovács B. , Recke A. 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungHühnerei ist eine Allergenquelle, die in unserer täglichen Ernährung in offener und versteckter Form häufig vorkommt. Eine Allergie dagegen geht oftmals mit schweren anaphylaktischen Reaktionen einher. Es ist im Alltag eine große Herausforderung, Hühnerei vollständig zu meiden. Betroffene sind eingeschränkt in ihrer Nahrungsauswahl und in ihrem sozialen Leben. Wir stellen eine Patientin vor, die nach dem Verzehr einer kleinen Probe des von ihr zubereiteten Kuchenteigs einen schweren anaphylaktischen Schock erlitt, der eine intensivmedizinische Versorgung erforderte. Mittels Hauttestung und IgE-Diagnostik wiesen wir eine Typ I-Sensibilisierung vorwiegend auf hitzelabile Einzelallergene in Hühnerei nach. Da die Patientin trotz Umsicht eine Aufnahme von Hühnerei nicht vollständig vermeiden konnte, begannen wir mit einer spezifischen oralen Toleranzinduktion (SOTI) mit verbackenem bzw. durcherhitztem Ei. Unter dieser Behandlung konnte die Patientin bis heute eine erneute anaphylaktische Reaktion vermeiden und gleichzeitig die zuvor bestehenden Einschränkungen ihres täglichen Lebens deutlich lindern. Trotz dieses Erfolges kann die SOTI mangels etablierter und sicherer Protokolle noch nicht standardmäßig empfohlen werden und sollte nur in besonderen Fällen in Erwägung gezogen werden.
Mehr als Schwarz oder Weiß: das Borderline-Syndrom
Authors: Stöcker Margarete 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung ist mehr als das Schwanken zwischen extremen Gefühlen und auch mehr als das selbstverletzende Verhalten, auf das die betroffenen Menschen oft reduziert werden. Unsere Autorin gibt einen umfassenden Überblick über die Symptomatik und die Entstehung dieser Erkrankung, zeigt Empfehlungen zur Prävention auf und führt anhand eines Praxisbeispiels eine exemplarische Verhaltensanalyse durch.
Das Tagebuch auf einer operativen Intensivstation
Authors: Auerswald Jessica 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungPatienten auf einer Intensivstation sind häufig sediert und nehmen ihren Aufenthalt nicht bewusst wahr: Sie sind gefangen in der Situation und im eigenen Körper. Damit sich nach dem Intensivaufenthalt keine Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung entwickelt, kann es helfen, wenn Pflegende und Angehörige ein Intensivtagebuch führen. Im Nachhinein kann der Patient dann anhand der Einträge nachvollziehen, was während seiner Zeit auf der Intensivstation mit ihm geschehen ist.
Das Obduktionsgespräch mit Hinterbliebenen
Authors: Sulik Jan 
Published: February 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGWenn ein Patient in der Obhut einer Klinik verstirbt, stehen die behandelnden Ärzte in der Pflicht, seinen Hinterbliebenen diese Nachricht angemessen zu übermitteln. Die Todesnachricht zu überbringen und quasi im gleichen Atemzug die Familienangehörigen um die Akzeptanz einer Obduktion zu bitten, gehört zu den schwierigeren kommunikativen Aufgaben, mit denen Krankenhausärzte beruflich konfrontiert werden, vergleichbar mit dem Thema Organspende oder dem Übermitteln einschneidender Diagnosen. Routine kommt dabei niemals auf und lässt sich wohl auch nicht entwickeln.Nicht nur Ärzte prädestinierter Fachdisziplinen, wie beispielsweise Onkologen, Intensiv- oder Palliativmediziner, sondern jeder Krankenhausarzt mit unmittelbarem Patientenkontakt ist früher oder später mit der Problematik konfrontiert, denn in der Regel ist der letztbehandelnde Arzt für das Hinterbliebenengespräch zuständig. Die klinische Obduktion darf darin kein Tabuthema sein. Sie sollte als finale ärztliche Aufgabe verstanden werden, als Therapiefazit und als Chance, das medizinische Gesamtbild des Verstorbenen abschließend um bisher unbekannte Befunde zu ergänzen. Soll ein Obduktionsgespräch aus ärztlicher Sicht „erfolgreich“ verlaufen, sind neben einfachen Regeln menschlicher Kommunikation auch elementare ethisch-moralische und juristische Grundsätze sowie soziale und praktische Fragen zu beachten.
Sekundäre Neuroprotektion beim Glaukom durch ergänzende medikamentöse Therapiekonzepte
Authors: Erb Carl 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDas primäre Offenwinkelglaukom (POWG) wird derzeit als eine neurodegenerative Systemerkrankung angesehen. Die alleinige individualisierte Augeninnendrucksenkung wird dabei dem komplexen Geschehen im chronischen Verlauf der Erkrankung nicht gerecht werden, sodass begleitende medikamentöse Therapiekonzepte sinnvoll sind. Anhand von 4 Therapiestrategien, wie die Verbesserung der mitochondrialen Atmungskette mit Coenzym Q10, die Stabilisierung der mitochondrialen und zellulären Plasmamembranen mit Citicolin, die Verminderung des oxidativen Stresses am Auge und im Körper mit Curcumin und die Verbesserung des Fettstoffwechsels, speziell des LDL-Cholesterins, mit der Anwendung der Statine, soll ein Einblick in mögliche additive Therapieansätze gegeben werden. Da neuroprotektive Therapien als Monotherapien wenig erfolgversprechend sein dürften, werden sie eher in der Kombination aus verschiedenen Therapieansätzen bestehen.
Ginger Tea on Dysmenorrhoea Among Nursing Students
Authors: Crasta Sheetal , Fernandes Philomena , Paul Shynee 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Dysmenorrhea is a common problem which can alter the daily routines of females. Primary dysmenorrhea affects 40 to 90% women. Dysmenorrhea sufferers account for 3 among 4 women as per evidences. Traditional remedies are chosen to get some relief because of their least side effects. These remedies have a favorable effect in reducing dysmenorrhea. Ginger is used since ancient times as various forms of alternative medicine. One of the traditional uses of ginger is for pain relief, including menstrual pain. The aim of this study was to identify the effectiveness of ginger tea in dysmenorrhea.
Objectives The objectives of this study are (1) Assess the level of dysmenorrhea among nursing students. (2) Determine the effectiveness of ginger tea on dysmenorrhea among nursing students. (3) Find the association between level of dysmenorrhea before the administration of ginger tea and demographic variables.
Methodology A quantitative research approach with quasi-experimental design was considered. The sample comprised of 50 students with moderate and severe menstrual pain as per numerical pain rating scale. The baseline data was collected. Ginger tea was prepared by the researcher and administered 120 mL to the subjects; on the first 2 days of menstruation in the morning and night after breakfast and dinner, respectively. Level of different aspects of pain was assessed before the administration as well as 2 hours after administration of ginger tea using Pain Quality Assessment Scale. Pre- and post-test were taken before as well as 2 hours after administering the drink. A total of four doses are given and ratings were measured eight times. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results The present study revealed that the median score of all seven characteristics of pain was higher in the preintervention when compared with postintervention. Mann-Whitney U test showed that there was a significant difference in level of pain between the experimental and control groups (p < 0.05). Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed that there was a significant difference in pain measurements before and after the administration of ginger tea (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that ginger tea was effective in reducing menstrual pain. Chi-square test and likelihood ratio were used to find the association between baseline dysmenorrhea with demographic and clinical variables. It was found that there is no significant association (p > 0.05). The responses given by the experimental and control group was mentioned separately. Ginger tea effects and experience were verbalized by the experimental group alone. This supported the statistical finding that ginger tea is effective in reducing dysmenorrhea.
Conclusion Findings revealed that the administration of ginger tea can bring a sudden relief among the subjects with dysmenorrhea. The awareness about alternative therapies must be created among public.
Tissue evolution: mechanical interplay of adhesion, pressure, and heterogeneity
Authors: Büscher Tobias , Ganai Nirmalendu , Gompper Gerhard , Elgeti Jens 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The evolution of various competing cell types in tissues, and the resulting persistent tissue population, is studied numerically and analytically in a particle-based model of active tissues. Mutations change the properties of cells in various ways, including their mechanical properties. Each mutation results in an advantage or disadvantage to grow in the competition between different cell types. While changes in signaling processes and biochemistry play an important role, we focus on changes in the mechanical properties by studying the result of variation of growth force and adhesive cross-interactions between cell types. For independent mutations of growth force and adhesion strength, the tissue evolves towards cell types with high growth force and low internal adhesion strength, as both increase the homeostatic pressure. Motivated by biological evidence, we postulate a coupling between both parameters, such that an increased growth force comes at the cost of a higher internal adhesion strength or vice versa. This tradeoff controls the evolution of the tissue, ranging from unidirectional evolution to very heterogeneous and dynamic populations. The special case of two competing cell types reveals three distinct parameter regimes: two in which one cell type outcompetes the other, and one in which both cell types coexist in a highly mixed state. Interestingly, a single mutated cell alone suffices to reach the mixed state, while a finite mutation rate affects the results only weakly. Finally, the coupling between changes in growth force and adhesion strength reveals a mechanical explanation for the evolution towards intra-tumor heterogeneity, in which multiple species coexist even under a constant evolutionary pressure.
Domestic groundwater abstraction in Lagos, Nigeria: a disjuncture in the science-policy-practice interface?
Authors: Healy A , Upton K , Capstick S , Bristow G , Tijani M , MacDonald A , Goni I , Bukar Y , Whitmarsh L , Theis S , Danert K , Allan S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The rapid development of groundwater systems as part of urban water supplies around the globe is raising critical questions regarding the sustainable management of this essential resource. Yet, in many major cities, the absence of an effective policy regime means that the practice of groundwater exploitation is driven by the actions of domestic households and drilling contractors. Understanding what shapes the decisions and practices of these actors, their understandings of the groundwater resource and the extent to which scientific knowledge shapes this understanding, is an area of critical importance that is currently under-researched. Using a mixed-methods methodology, the paper explores domestic practices of groundwater abstraction in Lagos, Nigeria. It finds that there is a disjuncture between the households who are actively shaping exploitation of the groundwater resource on a day-to-day basis and science and state actors. This disjuncture results in household decisions that are influenced by commonly held, but potentially outdated, perceptions of the groundwater resource rather than scientific evidence or policy instruments. The unseen nature of groundwater resources effectively renders the scale of changing groundwater conditions invisible to households and the state, adding to the challenge of influencing practice. Addressing this disjuncture requires not just more scientific knowledge, but also the active construction of interfaces with, and between, non-state actors through which knowledge can be confronted, discussed and shared.
A predictive model for seasonal pond counts in the United States Prairie Pothole Region using large-scale climate connections
Authors: Abel Benjamin D , Rajagopalan Balaji , Ray Andrea J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR), located in central North America, is an important region hydrologically and ecologically. Millions of wetlands, many containing ponds, are located here, and they serve as habitats for various biota and breeding grounds for waterfowl. They also provide carbon sequestration, sediment and nutrient attenuation, and floodwater storage. Land modification and climate change are threatening the PPR, and water and wildlife managers face important conservation decisions due to these threats. We developed predictive, multisite forecasting models using canonical correlation analysis (CCA) for pond counts in the southeast PPR, the portion located within the United States, to aid in these important decisions. These forecast models predict spring (May) and summer (July) pond counts for each region (stratum) of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service’s pond and waterfowl surveys using a suite of antecedent, large-scale climate variables and indices including 500 millibar heights, sea surface temperatures (SSTs), and Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). Models were developed to issue forecasts at the start of all preceding months beginning on March 1st. The models were evaluated for their performance in a predictive mode by leave-one-out cross-validation. The models exhibited good performance (R values above 0.6 for May forecasts and 0.4 for July forecasts), with performance increasing as lead time decreased. This simple and versatile modeling approach offers a robust tool for efficient management and sustainability of ecology and natural resources. It demonstrates the ability to use large-scale climate variables to predict a local variable in a skilful way and could serve as an example to develop similar models for use in management and conservation decisions in other regions and sectors of the environment.
Impacts of ENSO and Madden–Julian oscillation on the genesis of tropical cyclones simulated by general circulation models and compared to observations
Authors: Shin Jihoon , Park Sungsu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Using the Seoul National University Earth System Model Version 0 (SEM0) and Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1), we analyzed the impacts of El Niño-Southern oscillation (ENSO) and Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) on the genesis of tropical cyclones (TG). SEM0 is known to simulate ENSO, MJO, and TG reasonably well, all of which are difficult to simulate with general circulation models (GCMs). Observational analysis revealed that both ENSO and MJO have substantial impacts on global TG and that the impact of ENSO (MJO) on regional TG varies in a complex manner depending on the phase of MJO (ENSO). Both GCMs underestimate the observed TG over the North Atlantic and have relatively poor performance for simulating the TG anomalies associated with ENSO compared to simulating those associated with MJO. Overall, SEM0 shows much better performance than CESM1 in terms of reproducing the observed impacts of MJO and combined impacts of ENSO and MJO on TG. Therefore, SEM0 can serve as a useful tool for studying the interactions among them to improve the forecasting of tropical cyclones.
The Green Building Development Status in Guangzhou
Authors: Junfei He , Jiayu Huang , Zeqiong Xie , Zhenqian Xiao , Chao Feng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The paper mainly introduces the green building development status in Guangzhou. As one of the well developing areas of green building in China, Guangzhou’s green building projects are gradually increasing. However, the development is still in its infancy. There are certain problems and limitations of the green building development.
A Case Study on Energy Audit of the Public Institution
Authors: Jiayu Huang , Junfei He , Zeqiong Xie , Zhenqian Xiao , Chao Feng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In 2016, China issued the “Interim Measures for the Administration of Energy Auditing of Public Institutions”. Energy audits of public institutions have received increasing attention and have been widely used. Through the energy audit, a public institution found that the energy management, the energy measurement and the energy statistics system have not been perfected. The transformer load rate is low. Moreover, there are high energy consumption and backward equipment existed. Therefore, the energy conservation proposals are put forward.
An AGC dynamic control method based on DQN algorithm
Authors: Jianjun Su , Changhui Ma , Shan Li , Xiaoyu Li , Bing Zhang , Wenxue Liu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In order to cope with the incompatibility of traditional AGC control under CPS control performance standard, this paper proposes a hierarchical control framework based on DQN algorithm. It effectively solves the problem of dimensionality disaster of Q learning by using neural network instead of state action pair, and speed up the convergence. Through simulation verification, this method can effectively improve the system CPS control performance index and effectively reduce the system power generation cost.
Analysis of Noise Characteristics in Microseismic Monitoring
Authors: Liu Liting , Kang Liang , Zhang Xi , Tang Yong , Li Zilong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The effective signal energy of microseismic data is weak, and the received data will contain a lot of noise because of its special source excitation mode. At the same time, because the wave will inevitably lose energy in the process of propagation, the signal on the section is weak amplitude, weak continuity, even the effective signal on the whole line is submerged by noise, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the data is very low. In this paper, the common noise in different monitoring methods is analyzed, and the common processing methods in production are summarized.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Tiopronin using 2,2’-Bipyridyl as Chromogenic Reagent
Authors: Tu Changqing , Wen Xinrong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The hydrosulfuryl(-SH) in tiopronin molecule has reducibility, and it can reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+. We use 2,2’-bipyridyl as chromogenic reagent of Fe2+, Fe2+ react with 2,2’-bipyridyl to form the orange red complex which the maximum absorption is at 522 nm. By measuring the absorbance of the orange red complex, the content of tiopronin can be determinated. A new method for the spectrophotometric determination of tiopronin has been established. The content of tiopronin is determinated using this method, and the results are satisfactory.
The Design of Car Head-up Display System
Authors: Ying Min 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In order to meet the requirements of driving safety and provide consumers with safer travel, this paper designs a car head-up display system. The system consists of two parts: circuit system and optical system. The circuit system is connected to the car through CANBus interface to realize data communication. Through the circuit system, the data of car driving can be obtained, and then the data can be displayed in front of the driver through the optical system, so that we can know the speed of driving, navigation and other related data without lowering our head. The test results show that the circuit system and optical system can run normally and steadily.