bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of applicability of mike 11-nam hydrological module for rainfall runoff modelling in a poorly studied river basin
Authors: Ghebrehiwot Anghesom A. , Kozlov Dmitriy V. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction. The need to simulate hydrological processes is caused by, among other factors, the complexity of hydrological systems and data insufficiency due to the unavailability or a small number of instrumental observations. Recently, the reanalysis of the climate data supplied by the world’s leading meteorological centres has been used quite successfully in the regions that suffer from the deficit of instrumental information. This paper assesses the applicability of climate reanalysis data to rainfall runoff (“rainfall runoff”) modelling in the poorly studied river basin in Eritrea. Materials and methods. Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) data generated by the National Centre for Environmental Prediction (USA) were used. Besides, high-resolution topographic information, generated by the SRTM international research project, was also applied to set the drainage area boundaries and to simulate the river network using such tools as MIKE and GIS. In addition, calibration and validation (evaluation) of the hydrological model (simulation quality) were performed using the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency criterion, the determination coefficient, and the root mean square error of volumetric and peak flow rates. Results. The results suggest that a considerable overestimation of precipitation in the reanalysis data set, which in turn has a significant effect on other variables such as potential evapotranspiration, leads to a significant discrepancy between water balance values which are simulated and registered by the hydrographs. Conclusions. The applicability of Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) data to river flow modelling in arid and semi-arid regions such as Eritrea is questionable. The incompatibility of spatial and temporal variations of initial variables (e.g. precipitation), derived from reanalysis data sets and instrumental observations, is undoubtedly the main reason for errors. Thus, the application of reanalysis data sets and development of hydrological models for the region under study requires further intensive research aimed at identifying most effective mechanisms designated for the harmonization of differences between reanalysis data and field observations. In the course of further research, CFSR information is to be converted into more realistic data; climate reanalysis indicators, provided by other sources and designated for different time scales in the context of the “rainfall runoff” model are to be assessed, and the efficiency of other software systems is to be compared with MIKE 11-NAM.
Application of modular structures and buildings in the design of a hotel facility in high mountain areas (Gili-Su)
Authors: Tezadova Oksana A. , Korshunova Natalia N. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction. For a long time the Russian economy has had a unique nature. This is primarily due to the fact that the country has a fuel and raw materials oriented economy; therefore, the welfare of the country depends, as a rule, on such economic activities as the mining industry, in particular, oil and gas industry and metallurgy. The present-day international economy is focused on the service sector, where tourism plays a significant role. Nowadays, tourism is a powerful international industry. It has been recognized as an economic phenomenon of the century for its rapid growth rate. In many countries, tourism plays a significant role in GDP and its generation; it creates new jobs and generates employment opportunities.
Materials and methods. The problem of the underdeveloped tourist infrastructure, including hotel facilities that should offer a wide range of relevant services, including health improvement in the Russian Federation, is exemplified by Kabardino-Balkaria. Kabardino-Balkaria has every important feature characteristic of modern tourism: good climatic conditions, numerous landmarks and items of cultural property. However, one may face a number of construction problems in this territory due to its terrain. The application of modular structures and buildings in the design of a hotel facility in high mountain areas is proposed.
Results. The analysis of the area has been carried out; a huge amount of factual material has been studied; conclusions have been made on the basis of the advantage of using modular structures in this area.
Conclusions. The universality of a modular system enables modules to be combined in any direction, creating a complete structure transportable at any distance.
Methods of on-site inspection of a reinforced concrete bridge exemplified by the bridge over the river Kosopasha
Authors: Piskun Artem S. , Ganets Galina V. , Averchenko Gleb A. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction. An on-site inspection method is a visual examination of an engineering structure aimed at the detection of defects, damages, and disturbances of a construction facility and further issuance of recommendations for their elimination. An on-site inspection method is among the principal ones applied, as it serves to identify all defects of bridge structures during their service lives.
Materials and methods. The structures of the bridge over the Kosopasha river, located at the 5+910 km of the Pasha – Sviritsa – Zagubye motor road, the Volkhov District, Leningrad Region, were inspected. An on-site inspection method was applied to collect the information and perform the preliminary analysis.
Results. The co-authors described the construction of the bridge elements, including the road deck topping, expansion joints, the safety parapet, sidewalks, hand rails, water insulation, the drain line, the bridge approach, the span, bridge support structures, piers, the bridge abutment, and the under-bridge area. They analyzed the condition of these elements at the time of their inspection; they compiled a report on defects, damages and the bridge deck capacity. The main defects include concrete leaching accompanied by concrete reinforcement denuding, concrete cracking and chipping, absence of safety parapet, partial destruction of rails, and failure of abutment strengthening constructions.
Conclusions. Recommendations for the further operation of the bridge were formulated on the basis of inspection results. A set of measures is proposed with the purpose of eliminating the defects and further safe operation of the bridge structure. The recommendations include a set of repair works in respect of particular joints and constructions: removal of dust and dirt from the elements of the bridge topping and sidewalks, repair of minor damages of reinforced concrete structures, shore protection aimed at abutment reconstruction, installation of the safety parapet.
Mechanical strength of slag crushed stone generated at coal-fired thermal power plants
Authors: Lunev Aleksandr A. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction. Production waste is used in the construction industry worldwide as it helps to cover a considerable portion of the industry’s demand for building materials. Coarse-grained slag deposits (slag crushed stone and sand), formed in the slag washout zone, have more potential for application than other ash and slag mixtures (coarse ASM), but they need more research. Mechanical properties of the slag crushed stone (coarse-grained ASM), formed in the course of coal combustion at Kansk-Achinsk, Kuznetsk coal deposits (in boilers equipped with liquid and dry slag removal facilities) and the application of the slag crushed stone in roadbuilding are considered.
Materials and methods. In the course of the research, the crushability and the deformation modulus of particular fractions of slag crushed stone samples (in dry and water-saturated conditions) taken from the dumps of Novosibirsk TPP-3 (that consumes the coal of the Kansk-Achinsk coal mining field) and from Novosibirsk TPP-2 and Seversk TPP (that consume the coal of the Kuznetsk coal mining field) were identified. To assess the factors influencing the mechanical strength of the slag crushed stone, ignition losses, the content of flaky and acicular particles, dust and clay particles and clay lumps was made.
Results. The difference in the mechanical strength of samples having different genesis was identified. The graphs obtained in the course of testing were assessed and deformability characteristics were calculated (for materials having different fineness values). The factors influencing the mechanical strength of slag crushed stone were determined. Dependencies between deformation parameters and crushability of the slag crushed stone were obtained.
Conclusions. Some mechanical and physical parameters of the slag crushed stone were identified; they were applied to outline potential areas of the slag crushed stone application in road building. The mathematical relationship needed to project the deformation modulus of the slag crushed stone was identified. This relationship will be used to design structures to be made of this material.
Using ground penetrating radars to detect internal defects in concrete foundation slabs
Authors: Zerkal Evgeny O. , Kalashnikov Alexey Yu. , Lapshinov Andrey E. , Tyutyunkov Aleksey I. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction. The co-authors have analyzed a monolithic reinforced concrete piled raft foundation of a multi-storied residential building under construction. The mission of this research effort is to obtain trustworthy information about the internal structure of a foundation slab, to detect and survey internal defects, if any. This research project is to capture potential problems that may accompany the inspection of a foundation, to generate awareness about ground penetrating radar surveys and their methods that can help to optimize operating processes in the process of inspection.
Materials and methods. The co-authors have employed a method of ground penetrating radar surveying, performed using a regular mesh of orthogonal projections over an easily accessible surface area of a raft foundation and several antennas producing sounding signals with centre frequencies varying within the range of 1,500 and 2,000 MHz.
Results. A number of internal defects has been detected in the structure of a foundation slab, including several horizontal cold joints, cavity pockets and honeycombs. Their presence was later confirmed by control drilling and core material sampling. The information thus obtained was later generalized and entered into surface maps of cold joints, that depicted both the relief and the layout of detected defects in space. The analysis of core material chips has proven that reflecting boundaries are the same as those of the core material destruction; it has also demonstrated the presence of air pockets and the proofs of poor quality concrete mix compaction.
Conclusions. The resolution of the ground penetrating radar method is sufficient to identify features of reinforced concrete slabs significant for their structure; it enables researchers to obtain trustworthy information about the internal structure of a foundation slab and make conclusions about the presence or absence of internal defects inside it, including cold joints, cavity pockets or honeycombs.
La negociación en la oralidad fingida: un estudio sobre las formas de tratamiento en la representación artística del Siglo de Oro Español
Authors: De Oliveira Leandra Cristina , Tavora Beatrice , Soares Sobottka Mary Anne Warken 
Published: August 2020

La presente investigación se dedica al análisis cualitativo del fenómeno de las formas de tratamiento en la oralidad fingida manifiesta en la muestra audiovisual Alatriste (2006), cuyo material de audio en español y portugués forma parte del conjunto de muestras del proyecto CEEMO – estudios en Corpus del Español Escrito con Marcas de Oralidad. Fundamentado en una perspectiva que no desvincula el dinamismo de la lengua del dinamismo social, el análisis del objeto lingüístico con base en la oralidad fingida (SINNER, 2011a; 2011b) del texto fuente/español y el texto traducido/portugués parte de los debates teóricos sobre las dimensiones sociales del poder y la solidaridad (BROWN; GILMAN, 2003 [1960]) y el rescate socio-histórico del fenómeno de las formas de tratamiento (BIDERMAN, 1972-1973; FARACO, 2017 [1996]; KING, 2011). Los resultados alcanzados, que a su vez dialogan con tres cuestiones centrales de investigación, orientan el texto traducido a lo que se interpreta como rejuvenecimiento lingüístico.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A NEGOCIAÇÃO NA ORALIDADE FINGIDA: UM ESTUDO SOBRE AS FORMAS DE TRATAMENTO NA REPRESENTAÇÃO ARTÍSTICA DO SÉCULO DE OURO ESPANHOL A presente pesquisa se dedica à análise qualitativa do fenômeno das formas de tratamento na oralidade fingida que se manifesta na amostra audiovisual Alatriste (2006), cujo material de áudio em espanhol e português faz parte do conjunto de amostras do projeto CEEMO – estudos em Corpus del Español Escrito con Marcas de Oralidad. Fundamentada em uma perspectiva que não desvincula o dinamismo da língua do dinamismo social, a análise do objeto linguístico com base na oralidade fingida (SINNER, 2011a; 2011b) do texto-fonte/espanhol e do texto traduzido/português parte dos debates teóricos sobre as dimensões sociais do poder e da solidariedade (BROWN; GILMAN, 2003 [1960]) e do resgate socio-histórico do fenômeno das formas de tratamento (BIDERMAN, 1972-1973; FARACO, 2017 [1996]; KING, 2011). Os resultados alcançados, que dialogam com as três questões centrais de pesquisa, direcionam o texto traduzido à ideia de rejuvenescimento linguístico.---Original em espanhol.
Outras testemunhas: o tradutor toma a palavra
Authors: Beato Zelina Márcia Pereira , Araújo Aryadne Bezerra de 
Published: August 2020

Traçando um paralelo entre tradução e testemunho, propomos discutir o processo tradutório d’Os sertões, de Euclides da Cunha, para o francês. No desenrolar da sua tarefa, os tradutores dessa obra, Antoine Seel e Jorge Coli, testemunham uma luta incessante com as línguas para reescrever um original que resiste à inscrição em uma forma diferente da qual foi concebido. Tradução e testemunho estão, portanto, cercados por um double bind, uma dupla injunção entre impossibilidade e necessidade de cumprir a promessa de traduzir o que resiste à tradução: o trauma ou o original. Atestamos essa dupla injunção na esteira do pensamento de Jacques Derrida em Torres de Babel (2002) e Demeure (2000), dois textos que problematizam a tradução e o testemunho como atividades necessárias e impossíveis. O original e seu autor demandam a tradução uma vez que não podem falar em outra língua sem o trabalho do tradutor. Embora reclamada, a tradução não transfere ou repete a totalidade de qualquer sentido, tampouco reproduz uma suposta voz autoral na língua de chegada. Para sustentar o argumento, discutimos como Os sertões tomam a forma de um trauma para seus tradutores. Além da escrita tradutória, investigamos os depoimentos de Seel e Coli sobre suas angústias ao testemunhar a narrativa traumática de Euclides. Tomamos a tradução desse testemunho como exemplo para argumentar que a tradução, no geral, é um processo no qual se testemunha um trauma na língua, uma luta com a própria língua para traduzir o que resiste à tradução.
Null subjects in contemporary Brazilian filmic speech
Authors: De Rosa Gian Luigi 
Published: August 2020

The present research, based on a corpus of contemporary Brazilian filmic speech – Urban Carioca Sub-Corpus from the I-Fala Corpus of Luso-Brazilian Film Dialogues as a resource for L1 & L2 Learning and Linguistic Research (DE ROSA et al., 2017) –, illustrates how Brazilian Portuguese (BP) has undergone a process of change regarding the representation of referential subjects. A preference for overt pronominal subjects is on the rise, thus transitioning contemporary Brazilian Portuguese from a null subject language to a partial null subject language. The current paper revisits De Rosa (2017), this time including third person subjects and using actual film dialogue transcriptions rather than scripts. The occurrence of null and overt subjects in the corpus is discussed both quantitatively and qualitatively. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SUJEITOS NULOS NA FALA FÍLMICA BRASILEIRA CONTEMPORÂNEAO presente contributo, baseado numa amostra de fala fílmica brasileira contemporânea – Urban Carioca Sub-Corpus do I-Fala: Corpus of Luso-Brazilian Film Dialogues as a resource for L1 & L2 Learning and Linguistic Research (DE ROSA et al., 2017) –, propõe-se observar o processo de transformação que está atingindo o português brasileiro (PB) que está perdendo, à luz de toda uma série de mudanças linguísticas, as caraterísticas de uma língua de sujeito nulo. Nesse contributo, revisitamos De Rosa (2017), incluindo os sujeitos de terceira pessoa, sempre com o objetivo de registrar, em termos quantitativos e qualitativos, a presença do sujeito pleno nos diálogos fílmicos analisados e de confrontar os resultados com os dados da fala espontânea.---Original em inglês.
Socially oriented entrepreneurial activity as a factor
in socio-economic development
Authors: Vysotskaya Nataliya 
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the consideration of the basic principles and provisions of socially oriented entrepreneurial activity in two of its forms: corporate social responsibility and social entrepreneurship.
Based on the application of the basic models and principles of the functioning and interaction of operationally closed systems and bootstrap systems, a model is proposed for the influence of socially oriented activities on the development of the systems themselves that carry out this activity, as well as on the development of their external environment.
ميول التلاميذ على دراسة المفردات وعلاقتها بقدرتهم على تكلم اللغة العربية
Authors: Ardiansyah Ade Arip , Nurdian Deden 
Published: August 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui minat siswa dalam belajar kosa kata dan untuk mengetahui kemampuan mereka berbicara bahasa Arab, serta mengetahui hubungan antara keduanya. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada pemikiran bahwa minat siswa dalam belajar kosa kata dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan mereka untuk berbicara bahasa Arab. Hipotesis yang ditetapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah jika minat siswa untuk mempelajari kosakata tinggi, kemampuan mereka untuk berbicara bahasa Arab baik, dan sebaliknya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara, angket dan studi pustaka, kemudian data dianalisis dengan analisis parsial dan analisis korelatif. Salah satu hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa minat siswa untuk belajar kosa kata menunjukkan tingkat yang memadai, karena mereka memiliki kecenderungan yang besar untuk belajar bahasa Arab dari kecenderungan mereka untuk belajar yang lain. Fakta bahwa mereka mampu berbicara bahasa Arab menunjukkan tingginya tingkat minat besar bahasa Arab dan menunjukan akan keterampilan mereka dalam berbicara bahasa Arab. Hubungan di antara keduanya menunjukkan tingkat korelasi yang rendah karena faktor-faktor lain mempengaruhi kemampuan siswa untuk berbicara bahasa Arab.
Talking Sticks as a Technique to Stimulate the Students' Speaking Performance
Authors: Hartina St . 
Published: August 2020

Talking sticks is an alternative teaching technique to support students in developing their speaking performance. Holding the talking sticks empower the deep communication between people and allow opportunities to speak up during the classroom. Thus, the present study is to stimulate the students' speaking performance in EFL classroom by utilizing the talking sticks. It applied classroom action research which was conducted in four stages; planning, action, observation, and reflection. A total of 22 students is the subject of speaking tests, observation, and interviews. The results demonstrated a significant improvement of students' speaking performance which can be seen in the mean score result and the number of students passing the minimal standard score. The mean score gained 9.43 higher than in the pre-test and 77% of students passed the minimal standard score. Both of these criteria indicated that utilizing the talking stick can boost the students' speaking performance
Derivational Process of Wawonii Language
Authors: Sain Yuliyanah , Syarif Andi Rachmawati 
Published: August 2020

This research focused on derivational process in Wawonii language at Wawonii regency. The main objective of this research was to find out derivational process of affixation in Wawonii language. This research used qualitative analysis, the data sources in this research are oral data and written data by applying some techniques of collecting data as follows: record, note taking, translation, and introspection. After the data collected the writer analyzed them through the following steps namely: making the table of the gathered data that indicate the derivational affixation in Wawonii language, the table of derivational process, making formulation and following by examples. The result of this research show that Wawonii language has derivational process of affixation consists of four affixation namely: prefix consist of four prefixes namely mon-, me-, po-, mong-, suffix consist of three suffixes namely -no, -omo, -io, confix consist of three confixes namely mo-i, pe-no, and infix consist of one infix namely -in-.
Improving Students' Speaking Skill through Snowball Throwing Technique (STT) at Indonesian Junior High School
Authors: Salim Delmus Puneri , Saini Fadhlan , Paputungan Farmi 
Published: August 2020

This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR). It aimed at improving students’ speaking skill of the 7th grade at SMP N 1 Kotabunan East Bolaang Mongondow through the snowball throwing technique. The subjects of this research were 31 students consisted of 21 girls and 10 boys. But, only 25 students who attended the classroom. In this research, the researchers used mixed method (quantitative and qualitative design). To collect the data, the researchers utilized by using tests and observation. The researchers conducted the tests by asking the questions that related to the lessons that students had previously learnt. Meanwhile, observation was accomplished in order to observe qualitatively about the students’ learning process by the technique. The results showed that, in the first cycle, the mean score was 39.84 with percentage of students who passed the test was 52%. While in the second cycle, the mean score of post-test was 72.16 with the percentage of students who passed the test was 100%. According to the observation in the first cycle, it revealed that students could not carry out the technique properly and some students were not good in speaking such as having bad grammar and pronunciation. Furthermore, the researchers used the papers to construct as a ball in conducting the snowball throwing technique. In the second cycle, it indicated that the students were going better by carrying out the following technique. Based on the indication of the result, it can be said that there was an improvement of students’ speaking skill through snowball throwing technique of the 7th grade at SMP N 1 Kotabunan East Bolang Mongondow.