bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
السياسة الجنائية التشريعية في قوانين الاحزاب السياسية	دراسة مقارنة
Authors: Hameed Al Shamary Ma'aly 
Published: June 2020

درجت النظم الديمقراطية على انتهاج سبل تتيح مشاركة الشعب في اتخاذ القرارات المصيرية، الا انه وكما هو معلوم استحالة مشاركة الشعب بأجمعه في الحياة السياسية ، لذلك انبرى فقهاء القانون والسياسة لوضع اشكال وصور متنوعة للمشاركة الشعبية ، ولعل نظرية النيابة احدى صور التمثيل الشعبي في رسم سياسة البلاد، فالنائب في البرلمان هو الوكيل اما الشعب فهو الموكل (الاصيل) ، وفي النظم الديمقراطية يتم هذا التمثيل من خلال الاحزاب السياسية التي هي عبارة عن مجموعة افراد يعلمون من اجل الوصول للسلطة بغية تنفيذ برنامج اتفقوا عليه عند تأسيس الحزب.
ومن الجدير بالذكر ان للسياسة الجنائية التشريعية عنصران :الاول التجريم والثاني العقاب وأغلب القوانين تستغيث بهذين العنصرين من اجل ضمان نجاعة تطبيقها، ولم تشذ تشريعات الاحزاب السياسية عن الاخذ بهذه القاعدة ،حين يخالف المخاطَب بأحكامها ما ورد من التزامات في تضاعيفها، وهنا يكمن دور السياسة الجنائية التشريعية في مجال قوانين الاحزاب السياسية
The Effect of the Social Class on Learning English by the Students of the Department of English, College of Education for Women, Al-Iraqia University
Authors: Adil Abdulameer T.A Suhair 
Published: June 2020

This research tackles the role of the social class in learning English language by the students of the department of English, College of Education for Women –Al Iraqia University. It aims at:

Identifying the concept of the social class and its types.
Knowing the effects of the social classes on learning English language by these students.

The data of the application side of the study was taken from the students' answers to the test and the questionnaire that have been made to determine students' social class and its effect on their learning of English language.
The procedures followed in this study included a comprehensive test of English language for 50 students from the Department of English College of Education for Women –Al Iraqia University annexed by a questionnaire to determine the social class each student belongs to.
The findings showed that most of the students examined have failed in the exam and most of them belong to the low social class. Even those who passed the exam got weak grades. This indicates that low social class has a negative effect on students' level of learning English language, and vise versa.
Faktor-Faktor Dalam Menggunakan E-Money (Gopay) Pada Masyarakat Muslim di Kota Semarang
Authors: Ulurrosyad Muhammad Faizun , Jayanto Prabowo Yudo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract - This study aims to examine the effect of e-registration, e-filing, e-billing, service quality, understanding of taxation regulations, and tax penalties on the level of taxpayer compliance. The population in this study is 16.356 people in the area of Tax Service Office of Pratama in the city of Semarang Selatan. The sample in this study were 50 respondents obtained by the accidental sampling method. The Data were analyzed by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS) Path Modeling using SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results showed that e-registration, e-filing, and service quality partially affected the taxpayer compliance while e-billing, understanding of taxation regulations, and tax penalties did not affect the taxpayer compliance. The conclusion of this research is e-registration, e-filing, and service quality have a positive and significantly influence to taxpayer compliance, while e-billing, understanding of taxation regulations, and tax penalties have no influence on the level of taxpayer compliance. Keywords: Taxpayer Compliance, E-system, Understanding of Taxation Regulations
Determinasi Kualitas Kredit Kepemilikan Rumah (KPR) berdasarkan Perspektif Sumber Angsuran dan Rasio Fraud Account Officer (Studi Empiris Bank Negara Indonesia-BNI Periode 2008-2017)
Authors: Nugroho Lucky , Malik Annas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract - Home ownership loans are one of the best products in every banking industry. That is because housing is part of basic needs. In addition the bank in maintaining its reputation, it must be able to show good performance to all stakeholders, one of which is to maintain the quality of home ownership loans. Therefore this study aims to determine the factors that influence the quality of Home Ownership Loans. In this study the independent variables used are Fixed Income, Non-Fixed Income, and Fraud Account Officer (AO). While the dependent variable is the Quality of Home Ownership Loans. Design sample collection in this study is a causal study of PT Bank Negara Indonesia Consumer and Risk Division 2008-2017 period. The research method uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study are that Fixed Income has no significant positive effect on the quality of housing loans, non-fixed income has a negative and no significant effect on home ownership loans. While the Fraud Account Officer has a significant positive effect on the Quality of Home Ownership Loans. Therefore the bank must be able to provide education and training in order to reduce fraud from AO and also improve the welfare of its employees. Keywords: Home Ownership Credit (KPR), Credit Quality, AO Fraud
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Pertumbuhan Perusahaan, Kebijakan Hutang, dan Likuiditas Terhadap Kebijakan Dividen Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur
Authors: Purba Mas Intan , Lorent Juliana , Angga Aditya , Cynthia Cynthia , Juli Juli 
Published: June 2020

PAbstract - The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the effect of Profitability, Company Growth, Debt Policy, and Liquidity towards Dividend Policy on manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2014-2017, both partially and simultaneously. This study's method is quantitative descriptive study. These population are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2017, amounting to 156 companies. The sample in this study are 43 companies selected with certain criteria. The statistical method used was multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that profitability, company growth and debt policy significantly influence the dividend policy. Whereas Liquidity has no effect and insignificant on Dividend Policy. And simultaneously Profitability, Company Growth, Debt Policy, and Liquidity have a significant effect on Dividend Policy. The magnitude of the determination coefficient of 0.161 means that only 16.1% of the Dividend Policy can be explained Profitability, Company Growth, Debt Policy, and Liquidity, while the remaining 83.9% was explained by other variables not examined in this study such as company size and ownership structure. The conclusion of this study is that partially only Profitability, Company Growth and Debt Policy, significantly influence towards Dividend Policy on manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2014-2017. Keywords: Company Growth, Debt Policy, and Liquidity towards Dividend Policy
CARACTERÍSTICAS FITOTÉCNICAS E NUTRICIONAIS DE BANANEIRAS SUBMETIDAS A FONTES DE FERTILIZANTES PARA O MANEJO ORGÂNICO
Authors: Carvalho Jonilson Santos de , Bizerra Elimarcos Cotrim , Marques Pedro Ricardo Rocha , Donato Sérgio Luiz Rodrigues , Magalhães Diogo Barreto , Rampazzo Mariana Costa 
Published: June 2020

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o estado nutricional e características agronômicas de bananeiras tipo prata sob adubação orgânica, no quarto ciclo de produção, em solos de elevada fertilidade construída. Os tratamentos, duas cultivares (Prata-Anã e BRS Platina) e cinco doses de adubação compostas por esterco bovino e farinha de rocha Naturalplus® foram dispostos em esquema fatorial 2 x 5, em delineamento em blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Foram avaliados: os teores de nutrientes nas folhas; altura de plantas; perímetro do pseudocaule; número de folhas; massa do cacho (kg) e pencas (kg); massa média das pencas (kg) e fruto (g) e massa das cinco primeiras pencas (kg); número de pencas; número de frutos por cacho e penca; massa (g), diâmetro (mm) e comprimento interno e externo do fruto (cm). Doses crescentes de K2O incrementam os teores de N, P e Cu para cultivares Prata-Anã e BRS Platina, que diferem entre si quanto aos teores de Fe, Zn e S. A ‘Prata-Anã’ se destaca com número de folhas e frutos por penca, enquanto a ‘BRS Platina’ maior massa média das pencas e do fruto e comprimento do fruto. As doses aplicadas não influenciam a produção das cultivares BRS Platina e Prata-Anã no quarto ciclo em solos de elevada fertilidade construída.Palavras chave: farinha de rocha; esterco bovino; sustentabilidade. PHYTOTECHNICAL AND NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BANANA SUBMITTED TO FERTILIZER SOURCES FOR ORGANIC MANAGEMENT ABSTRACT:The objective of this work was to evaluate the nutritional status and agronomic characteristics of silver - type banana under organic fertilization, in the fourth cycle of production, in soils with high fertility. The treatments, two cultivars (Prata-Anã and BRS Platina) and five fertilizer doses composed of bovine manure and Naturalplus® rock flour were arranged in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, in a randomized block design, with three replications. Leaf nutrient contents were evaluated; plant height; perimeter of the pseudostem; number of leaves; mass of the bunch (kg) and hands (kg); average mass of the hands (kg) and fruit (g) and mass of the first five hands (kg); number of leaves; number of fruits per bunch and hands; mass (g), diameter (mm) and internal and external length of the fruit (cm). Increasing doses of K2O increases N, P and Cu contents for Prata-Anã and BRS Platina cultivars, which differ in Fe content, Zn and S. The ‘Prata-Anã’ stands out with the highest number of leaves and fruits per hands, whereas the 'BRS Platina' presents higher average mass of the fruit and the length of the fruit. The applied doses do not influence the production of the cultivars BRS Platina and Prata-Anã in the fourth cycle in soils with high constructed fertility.Keywords: rock dust; bovine manure; sustainability.
ÁREA DO LIMBO FOLIAR DA CASTANHEIRA-DO-BRASIL POR MEDIDAS LINEARES
Authors: Bouvié Luana , Silva Andréa Carvalho da , Borella Daniela Roberta , Silva Cátia Cardoso da , Pizzatto Mariana 
Published: June 2020

Neste trabalho foram gerados e validados modelos de estimativa da área da folha da espécie Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl. (castanheira-do-Brasil) a partir das medidas lineares do limbo foliar. Foram coletadas 1500 folhas em diferentes posições da copa de árvores adultas e jovens (em função do ciclo reprodutivo), sendo usadas 1000 e 500 folhas para calibração e validação estatísticas, respectivamente. Foram obtidos como medidas do limbo da folha: comprimento (C), largura (no centro da folha, na base e no ápice) e a área foliar real (AFR). A avaliação do desempenho estatístico (validação) foi realizada pelos indicativos erro médio (MBE), raiz quadrática do erro médio (RMSE) e índice de ajustamento de Willmott (dW). Apenas a medida de largura no centro da folha e do comprimento são suficientes para estimar a área da folha de B. excelsa., que pode ser dada pela equação AF = {0,8743*{(C*L)0,9790]}-1,84, independentemente da posição da folha e da idade planta. Palavras-chave: Bertholletia excelsa; análise de regressão; indicativos estatísticos. FIELD OF THE LIMBO FOLIAR OF CASTANHEIRA-DO-BRASIL WITH LINEAR MEASURES ABSTRACT: In this work, models of estimation of the leaf area of the species Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl. (Brazil nut) from the linear measurements of the leaf blade. 1500 leaves were collected in different positions of the crown of adult and young trees (depending on the reproductive cycle), using 1000 and 500 leaves for calibration and statistical validation, respectively. Leaf length (C), width (at the center of the leaf, at the base and at the apex) and leaf area (AFR) were obtained as measures of leaf limb. Statistical performance evaluation (validation) was performed using the mean error (MBE), root mean square error (RMSE) and Willmott's index of adjustment (dW). Only the width measure at the center of the leaf and the length are sufficient to estimate the area of the leaf of B. excelsa., Which can be given by the equation AF = {0.8743 * {(C * L) 0.9790]} -1.84, regardless of leaf position and plant age.Keywords: Bertholletia excelsa; regression analysis; statistical indicatives.
SURVEY OF TEPHRITIDAE AND LONCHAEIDAE (Diptera), THEIR HOST PLANTS AND PARASITOIDS IN THE STATE OF SERGIPE, BRAZIL
Authors: Barreto Marliton Rocha , Adaime Ricardo , Sousa Maria do Socorro Miranda de , Souza-Filho Miguel Francisco de , Strikis Pedro Carlos , Teodoro Adenir Vieira , Zucchi Roberto Antonio 
Published: June 2020

Levantamento de Tephritidae e Lonchaeidae (Diptera), suas plantas hospedeiras e parasitoide no estado de Sergipe, Brasil RESUMO: Este é o primeiro levantamento de espécies de Tephritidae e Lonchaeidae, suas plantas hospedeiras e parasitoides no estado de Sergipe, Brasil. Foram amostrados frutos de diversas espécies em pomares, quintais e feiras livres de 13 municípios, de 22 a 26 de outubro de 2018 e de 7 a 11 de janeiro de 2019. Foram coletadas 89 amostras de frutos (4.930 frutos; 111,5 kg) de 28 espécies vegetais pertencentes a 17 famílias. Houve infestação de larvas em 29 amostras de frutos pertencentes a 11 espécies vegetais de 8 famílias. Também foram usadas armadilhas tipo McPhail com o atrativo Ceratrap®, em cinco municípios. Cinco espécies de tefritídeos (Anastrepha spp. e Ceratitis capitata), três de lonqueídeos (Neosilba spp.), nove de hospedeiros e uma de parasitoides são registradas pela primeira vez no estado de Sergipe.Palavras-chave: Anastrepha; Ceratitis capitata; Neosilba; Doryctobracon areolatus; moscas-das-frutas; lonqueídeos; armadilha. ABSTRACT: This is the first survey of Tephritidae and Lonchaeidae, their host plants and parasitoids in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. Fruits of several plant species were sampled in orchards, backyards, and farmers markets of 13 municipalities, from October 22 to 26, 2018 and from January 7 to 11, 2019. We collected 89 fruit samples (4,930 fruits, 111.5 kg) from 28 plant species belonging to 17 families. Larval infestation occurred in 29 fruit samples belonging to 11 plant species from eight families. We also used McPhail traps baited with Ceratrap®, in five municipalities. Five species of fruit flies (Anastrepha spp. and Ceratitis capitata), three species of lance flies (Neosilba spp.), nine of host plants, and associated parasitoids (1 species) were recorded for the first time in the state of Sergipe.Key words: Anastrepha; Ceratitis capitata; Neosilba; Doryctobracon areolatus; fruit flies; lance flies; trap.
RIQUEZA DE MORFOESPÉCIES DE NEMATOIDES EM ÁREAS DE OLERICULTURA EM PALMAS-PR
Authors: Michels Bárbhara Talyssa , Kirsch de Ramos Eduarda Kalena , Lorenzetti Emi Rainildes , Santos Leandro Alvarenga 
Published: June 2020

Os nematoides são animais invertebrados, multicelulares, constituintes de um grupo muito diversificado estimado em um milhão de espécies. As condições ecológicas do solo estão intimamente relacionadas com a sua biodiversidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento da diversidade de espécies de fitonematoides em propriedades que atuam na área de olericultura em Palmas, no Estado do Paraná. As amostras de solo foram coletadas em quatro locais da cidade. Os locais amostrados são: área de mata nativa (MN); propriedade olerícola em sistema de cultivo convencional com a utilização de agrotóxicos (A); duas propriedades de sistema de cultivo orgânico, uma localizada em área urbana (B) e a outra em área rural (C). A maior diversidade de gêneros de fitonematoides encontrados foi encontrada em ambas as propriedades de cultivo orgânico (C e B, respectivamente), que não diferiram significativamente entre si, mas em relação à área de mata nativa (MN) e a propriedade de sistema cultivo convencional (A), nessa ordem. O número de nematoides assim como a diversidade de gêneros identificados foram maiores nas propriedades que exercem o sistema de cultivo orgânico.Palavras-chave: horticultura; nematologia; sistemas de produção vegetal. MORPHOESPECIES RICHNESS OF NEMATOIDES IN THE OLERICULTURE AREAS IN PALMAS - PR ABSTRACT: The nematodes are invertebrate, multicellular animals, constituents of a very diversified group estimated at one million species and the ecological conditions of the soil are closely related to their biodiversity. The objective of this paper is to perform a survey of the diversity of nematode species on properties that work with olericulture in Palmas, Paraná state. Soil samples were collected at four sites in the city, with a Cfb type climate (temperate, humid and mild summer). Among the sites sampled are: native forest area (MN); farm property with conventional farming system with the use of agrochemicals (A); two organic farming system properties, one located in urban area (B) and the other in rural area (C). The greatest diversity of phytonutrient genera found was found in both organic (C and B, respectively) properties, which did not differ significantly from each other, but in relation to the native forest area (MN) and conventional cropping system (A), in that order. The number of nematodes as well as the diversity of genera identified were higher in the properties that exert the organic cultivation system.Keywords: horticulture; nematology; plant production systems.
Транскордонна міграція українців і COVID 19: наслідки для національної безпеки України
Authors: Семенкова М. А. 
Published: June 2020

Розповсюдження в світі коронавірусної хвороби і безпрецедентні заходи, вжиті багатьма країнами світу по його попередженню і подоланню наслідків, спричинили зміни обсягів і перебігу як міжнародних міграційних процесів в цілому, так і транскордонної трудової міграції українців зокрема. В статті досліджено, яким чином вищевказані зміни вплинули на демографічний і економічний виміри національної безпеки, а також з’ясовано механізм підвищення рівня конфліктогенності українського суспільства через поєднання в масовій свідомості повернення трудових мігрантів з проблемами, з якими зіткнулось українське суспільство внаслідок розповсюдження коронавірусної хвороби. Зокрема доведено, що з одного боку значні обсяги транскордонної міграції українців, циркулярний характер міграції, її географічна диверсифікація сприяли розповсюдженню хвороби, а з іншого – залежність функціонування соціально-економічної сфери країни від трудової міграції українців за кордон зумовила ступінь негативного впливу змін перебігу міграційних процесів, спричинених розповсюдженням COVID19, на економіку і соціальну сферу. Наведено ознаки існування в суспільстві латентного конфлікту і, відповідно, зростання рівня конфліктогенності. На прикладі фактора розповсюдження коронавірусної хвороби визначено, які особливості розвитку України спричинили уразливість системи національної безпеки з боку міграційних процесів в ситуації впливу на них неврахованого фактора, а також дії чинників, які не підлягають впливу з боку держави. Визначені і запропоновані заходи, які мають бути вжиті з метою недопущення підвищення рівня конфліктогенності українського суспільства.
Comparative evaluation of rapid Salmonella Typhi IgM/IgG and Widal test for the diagnosis of enteric fever
Authors: Akter Farjana , Yeasmin Mahmuda , Alam Md Zahangir , Hasan Md Rokibul , Rahman Fahmida , Khandker Elisha , Hoque Md Monirul , Barai Lovely , Md Mohiuddin - , Jilani Md Shariful Alam 
Published: June 2020

Background: Accurate and early diagnosis of enteric fever is a diagnostic challenge where facility for blood culture is not available. As a result, Widal test is still used widely in resource limited settings. Recently, user-friendly rapid immunochromatographic tests (ICT) have been introduced for quick diagnosis of enteric fever. So, we evaluated sensitivity and specificity of an immunochromatography based Salmonella Typhi IgM/IgG test kit and Widal test compared to blood culture for the diagnosis of enteric fever.
Method: The study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Ibrahim Medical College (IMC) and Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) from June 2017 to September 2017. Clinically suspected enteric fever cases were included. Blood culture, Widal and Salmonella Typhi IgM/IgG detecting ICT were employed for the diagnosis of enteric fever.
Results: Out of 71 suspected cases of enteric fever, blood culture was positive in 36 cases (50.7%) while 42 (59.15%) and 35 (49.29%) cases were positive by Widal test and ICT respectively. Widal and ICT had sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 89.9% and 82.9% & 91.4% respectively.
Conclusion: Findings of the study suggest that both Widal and immunochromatographic tests can be used interchangeably for rapid diagnosis of enteric fever.
Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2020; 14(1): 18-25
Structure and properties of zirconium oxide films doped with yttrium oxide obtained by laser deposition in vacuum
Authors: Bosak Nikolai A. , Chumakov Aleksandr N. , Shevchenok Aleksandr A. , Baran Liudmila V. , Malutina-Bronskaya Victoria V. , Karoza Anatoly G. , Ivanov Aliaxei A. 
Published: June 2020

The thin films deposited in vacuum (2 ⋅ 10–2 mm Hg) on the silicon and glass substrates under the multi-pulse high-frequency (10 –15 kHz) laser exposure (laser radiation power density 100 MW/cm2 and the distance from the target to the substrate 40 mm) for zirconium oxide ZrO2 ceramics doped with yttrium oxide 5 % Y2O3. The morphology of the obtained films was studied using atomic force microscopy. The features of transmission spectra in the visible, near infrared and middle infrared region were revealed. The transmission of the zirconium oxide film on the silicon substrate reached 12 % in the spectral region from 1.0 to 2.5 μm, and in the region from 2.6 to 6.0 μm was 4.7 %. On a glass substrate, the transmittance at a wavelength of 643 nm was 60 %, and at a wavelength of 2500 nm it reached 87 %. In the middle infrared region, transmission at a frequency of 2548 cm–1 was 70 % and reached 75 % at a frequency of 3566 cm–1. The volt-ampere and capacitance-voltage characteristics of the obtained zirconium oxide films were characterized by non-linearity, including hysteresis, and are probably due to the presence of discrete surface states with a wide energy spectrum associated with nanoparticles and nanocrystalline film inclusions.
Assessment of pain and pain relief in children at a dental appointment
Authors: Anisimova E. N. , Anisimova N. Yu. , Kovylina O. S. , Kravchenko I. A. 
Published: June 2020

Relevance. Subjective assessment of pain in children is traditionally implemented using visual analogue scales. The need for comfortable dental treatment in children is obvious, therefore, in order to obtain the most reliable data, it is necessary to develop pain rating scales and the effectiveness of pain management in accordance with the age of the child.Purpose. Development of visual analogue scales designed to assess the effectiveness of pain relief when performing outpatient dental interventions in children, depending on the age of the child.Materials and methods. A visual analogue scale was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of pain relief in children at an outpatient dental appointment, in accordance with the age of the child. 100 patients aged 4 to 12 years were examined.Results. The reaction and behaviour of the child during dental treatment using local anesthesia were the basis of the designed pain rating scales. In the age group of 4-7 years, the visual analogue scale was filled in by the doctor, the child and the parent, and in the second group of patients aged 7 to 12 years, the scale was filled in by the child and the doctor, since in this age category children could independently correlate themselves with the picture on the scale.Conclusions. The designed scales of subjective assessment of the effectiveness of local anesthesia in children allow to determine the quality of the studied methods and means of local anesthesia in pediatric dental practice.