bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical SCADA applications to parallel operation of transformers in railway electrical traction
Authors: Popov A , Fratu M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The article describes the parallel operation of medium voltage (MV) transformers utilized in electric traction substations (ETS), their connection to the national power system (NPS), and the conditions required for the parallel operation of the ETS transformers. Solutions for the optimization of the parallel operation the MV transformers that power the electric railway traction system (ERTS) are discussed. In the case of multiple failure (fault transformers that serve a section) or load increase over the rated power provided by an electric traction substation (ETS), connection to the respective section of the adjacent ETS transformers is required. The parallel coupling of ETS is possible if High Power Transformers ERTS meet all the conditions for parallel operation. This mode of operation ensures the stability of the electricity distribution system for the consumer. SCADA systems can be used for monitoring critical situations and general optimization of electrical power supply of the railway electric traction system.
A study into prevention of antibiotics resistance through enhanced building infrastructure design and management strategies
Authors: Rolfsen C N , Rønning P O , Bull J L , Chițonu G C 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study is part of a larger research project, which looks at how modern hospitals are built in Norway, and what can be done to make hospitals more user friendly and purpose built. It looks at how medical facilities can be made to encourage a quicker improvement in the patient’s recovery, and what effect the way modern hospitals are being built and operated, has on the patients, the employees and to the visitors to the health facilities. A key focus of the research is to look at nosocomial infections (hospital-acquired infections) from medical care and to study the prevalence of antibiotic resistance at these facilities. The project aims to find conclusions and areas of improvement along larger parts of the hospital and patient chain. The greater research project aims to look at this scientific field through studies in 3 countries, in Northern Europe, Eastern Europe and Central Europe, to get an idea of the inter-European challenges in a very complicated scientific field, with different financial resources, cultures, focuses, and approaches to the frequency of use of antibiotics.
Numerical study on the effect of confinement on thermal spallation drilling of hard rock
Authors: Saksala T 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a numerical study on the effect of confining pressure (down-to-hole pressure) on the performance of the thermal jet drilling on rock. For this end, a numerical method including a viscoplastic-damage model for rock and an explicit scheme for solving the governing thermo-mechanical problem, which is assumed uncoupled. Moreover, rock heterogeneity, which facilitates the thermal spallation phenomenon, is taken into account. Numerical simulations under axisymmetric conditions demonstrate that the efficiency of thermal spallation based drilling is reduces drastically due to confinement.
Comparative application of two methods in the second order elastic analysis of the steel structures
Authors: Țepeş-Onea F , Dimofte R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In most situations, in the case of metal structures, the loss of stability occurs before plastic elements enter the structure. The present paper aims to compare the response of a metallic structure obtained by an elastic analysis of the 2nd order developed with the two methods provided in SR-EN 1993-1-1:1) global analysis that takes full account of geometrical and material imperfections and second-order effects; 2)-individual stability check of the equivalent bars using buckling lengths corresponding to the overall instability mode. Obviously the first method is the most complex because it takes into account both global and local imperfections. The second method is the simplest and most used method. In this case, the verification relationships take account of the imperfections of the elements. For global analysis, the global imperfections and local bar imperfections will be considered. These imperfections will be taken into account in the worst form and sense. The check for global analysis will be done using finite element meshing, while using the geometric nonlinearity option so that the stiffness matrix is calculated at each loading step. The individual check of the elements shall be performed according to SR EN1993-1-1 according to the type of request.
Laboratory testing of static and dynamic deformation characteristics of small scale model of pavement subgrade
Authors: Valaskova V , Vlcek J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Interaction system vehicle-pavement represents actual problem in terms of structural, life service and environmental requirements. Experimental measurements with real vehicles and pavements are time consuming and bring high complexity of the inputs, relations and other boundary conditions which need to be identified to achieve reliable outputs. Inevitable uncertainties related to the real structure can be controlled when scale models with identified boundary conditions are prepared. Determination of the characteristics of the individual components of the vehicle-pavement interaction system at controlled conditions is then possible. The subgrade is an important part of the pavement structure. A laboratory and numerical simulations based on the static and dynamic testing methods were used to determine the deformation parameters of the subgrade. A viscoelastic mass was selected as a subgrade for the small scale model of the pavement. Its characteristic allows the simulation of the dynamic effects of the vehicle on pavement structure. A short-time dynamic loading of the subgrade occurs when the vehicle moves on the pavement. Therefore, the response of the subgrade should be also characterized with the dynamic parameters. The results obtained by the experimental observations in-lab will be used for the evaluation of the traffic effect on the pavement structure and surrounding objects such as buildings.
Review of damage-tolerant solutions for improved seismic performance of buildings
Authors: Voica T F , Stratan A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Building structures have been designed for more than 40 years to protect life in the event of a major seismic event. In order to achieve this goal with a minimal initial investment, structures are designed, using the ductility principle, as sacrificial systems, undergoing significant plastic deformations in the main structural elements, which progressively deteriorate. If in the design codes the structural damage is to some extent explicitly accepted and quantifiable, problems related to non-structural damage are addressed much more vaguely. This no longer meets market and society requirements. New structural systems are needed, which are not only efficient in reducing structural and non-structural damage, but also offer good re-centring capability, durability, reparability and affordability, accompanied by accessible design methods. This paper reviews the principal solutions that can be used to achieve these goals. Their advantages and limitations are analysed, as well as their potential as damage tolerant structural systems.
Study on concrete damaged plasticity model for simulating the hysteretic behavior of RC shear wall
Authors: Wang Q , Hou K K , Lu J , Dong Q H , Yao D P , Lu Z 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Abaqus is often used to analyze the dynamic elasto-plastic response of tall buildings under strong earthquake. However, the analysis results of the hysteretic behavior of RC shear wall are not very satisfactory. In this paper, the residual strain is proposed to determine the damage parameters in the concrete damaged plasticity model in Abaqus, which include the damage factor and compression stiffness recovery factor. The method can greatly reduce the lagging or exceeding of strain in the compression reloading path. The confinement effect of distributed bars on concrete of RC shear walls is also considered. In addition, a secondary-developed uniaxial constitutive model of steel is adopted to present the Baushinger effect under the reciprocating loading. Simulation results are in good agreement with the test results. It shows that the methods purposed in this paper can effectively realize the simulation of the hysteretic behavior of RC shear wall under the low cyclic reciprocating loading.
Experimental study on static behavior for assembled monolithic reverse-rib slab
Authors: Yan X , Li J X , Zhou B , Liu M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the static loading test of two assembled monolithic reverse-rib slabs is carried out, and the cracking process, mechanical mechanism and performance under different load combinations are emphatically studied. The test results show that the development of cracks of the assembled monolithic reverse-rib slab is fitted with the characteristics of the two-way plate. The rib beam and the floor slab between the rib beams can work well together, which can meet the requirements of normal use limit and bearing capacity limit.
The weaken technique of bending moment for support beam of internal climb tower
Authors: Zhu C X , Wang N , Gu S Q , Ma W B 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper develops a new analysis method to weaken bending moment at the end of support beam of the inner climbing tower crane. Firstly, the equivalent length of the variable cross-section beam is calculated according to the principle which the angular displacement of the variable cross-section beam is equal to that of the equal cross-section beam under the action of the unit bending moment. Then, the deformation of the variable cross-section can be calculated by using the calculation formula of the equal cross-section beam. Finally, Graphic multiplication is used to solve the stepped variable cross-section statically determinate beam and the function relation between bending moment and inertia moment ratio and variable cross-section length ratio is obtained by MATLAB. It is of great significance to the thin-walled supporting and protection by using the function between the bending moment and the parameter to determine the optimal supporting main beam.
A Kind of Triple-negative Elastic Metamaterial
Authors: Wang X , Wan S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a kind of triple-negative elastic metamaterial (EMM) is proposed, which means it possesses negative equivalent mass density, negative equivalent bulk modulus, negative equivalent shear modulus in the same frequency range simultaneously, and can realize negative refraction of both transverse and longitudinal waves. Furthermore, the influence of rectangular oscillators and semi elliptical oscillators on the band structure is analysed, and we find that the unit cell with semi elliptical oscillators has a much wider band gap, which has a potential in supressing vibration at a wide frequency range.
Research on Design and Application of Automatic Production Line for Mechanical Components
Authors: Bin Wu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn order to meet the requirements of automatic processing for mechanical components manufacturing enterprises, the paper describes a design method of automatic production line. Firstly, the paper made the overall design of the automatic production line, takt time is calculated according to the annual production demand, and the analysis of device configuration and position layout of the production line was carried out based on the annual production requirement. Secondly, the paper selects types of CNC machines and industrial robots, and design structural of the silo, the temporary storage platform, the conveyor belt, the fuel injection and water removal. 3D model of each component and space layout of the production line are drawn by Solidworks software. Thirdly, the process flow of automatic production line was designed, and the CNC intelligent management system was developed to meet the requirements, which can monitor the process information such as takt time. Test is carried out after establishment of automatic production line, the test run finally shows that the automatic production line works stably and can meet the requirements of enterprise.
Fractional Sliding Mode Control for Nonlinear Aerospace Systems
Authors: Zheng Shiqi , Liang Bingyun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper focuses on the study of fractional order terminal sliding mode control for nonlinear aerospace systems. Firstly, a novel fractional order integral terminal sliding mode control (FO-I-TSMC) method is proposed for the control of first order nonlinear system. FO-I-TSMC has three attractive advantages: i) Non-singular control law; ii) Elimination of the reaching phase; iii) Calculable finite convergence time. Furthermore, theory analysis is presented to reveal the potential advantages of the FO-I-TSMC method over its integer order counterparts. Secondly, a novel fractional order derivative integral-TSMC (FO-DI-TSMC) method is presented to deal with second order nonlinear system. Finally, FO-DI-TSMC is extended to deal with a general class of higher order control system. Simulation results are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Research on Development and Key Technologies of Intelligent Bed-jig System for Ship Sectional Construction
Authors: Shen Yubo , Wang Rui , Liu Mingzhi , Wang Yueting , Chen Mingshan , Zhao Yaorong , Zhou Honggen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, the existing bed-jig is difficult to meet the requirements of modern ship intelligent manufacturing. This is mainly due to the following three problems: one is the redundancy of location arrangement, the other is the difficulty of moving, and the third is the discontinuity of height adjustment. For the segmental construction of ships, this paper puts forward the research and development of intelligent bed-jig system. Breakthroughs have been made in key technologies, including dynamic placement of jig and dynamic adjustment of support height. It also realizes the intelligent decision-making of process data in ship sectional construction. In general, it provides a technical basis for intelligent manufacturing of ship segments.
Conceptualising an Inspection Robot for Tunnel Drainage Pipes
Authors: Ecker G , Zagar B G , Schwab C , Saliger F , Schachinger T , Stur M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
For inspection purposes first ideas of an in-pipe robot are presented. The idea of a rover with respect to the environmental conditions, as well as details of structure, actuation, measurement and control concepts is discussed in this document. It should be able to navigate through rather narrow and buckled drainage pipes with diameters not much larger than the robot itself, so the design is aiming for a most compact and potentially self-disassembling solution necessary for cases of stuck robots.
Product Life Cycle Analysis of Automotive Products on Multi-Purpose Vehicle’s (MPV) Segment
Authors: Suzianti A , Putra D R , Sibuea C P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Since 1990, the ever-increasing sales trend of automobiles in Indonesia has made the competition atmosphere much fiercer, particularly for Multi-Purpose Vehicle, the car segment with the highest sales in Indonesia’s automobile market. Therefore, a product life cycle management of automobiles is demanded to secure current position in market or further, to lead the market. This research uses MPV Model A and MPV Model B as a study case for Multi-Purpose Vehicle. Methods deployed are the computation of product line extension, the computation of product line innovation, t-test, Person Index Test, and Importance-Performance Analysis. Results are used to formulate product life cycle management strategies for automobiles of Multi-Purpose Vehicle aimed secure current position in market or further, to lead the market.
Assessment of Worker Exposure to Occupational Organic Dust in a Hemp Processing Facility
Authors: Gardner Melinda , Reed Sue , Davidson Maggie 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The cultivation and processing of industrial hemp, Cannabis sativa L., is a developing industry in Australia. Exposure to hemp dust is demonstrated as producing reactive and respiratory health effects, potentially causing permanent lung disease or damage. The aim of this study was to assess the airborne organic dust concentrations generated in an Australian hemp processing facility. Personal sampling, in the breathing zone of exposed workers was undertaken for exposure to respirable dust, along with parallel static sampling for airborne concentrations of inhalable and respirable dust fractions. Both static and personal sampling showed that respirable dust concentrations (mg m−3) exceeded the Australian Institute of Occupational Hygienists (AIOH) recommended maximum exposure limit of 1 mg m−3 (respirable fraction) for dusts not otherwise specified, with mean exposures (mg m−3) of M = 1.33, standard deviation (SD) = 1.09 (range 0.07–3.67 mg m−3) and M = 4.49, SD = 4.49 (range 0.77–11.08 mg m−3). The results of the investigation indicate that workers in the hemp processing industry are at risk of developing permanent and disabling respiratory disease due to high dust exposure. There is no Australian occupational exposure limit specifically for hemp dust. It is recommended further research is needed and industry-specific guidance material or model code of practice developed to effectively control exposures.
The Role of Tranexamic Acid in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery: A Survey of the British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons
Authors: Wokes James E T , Erdmann Matthias W H , McLean Neil R 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundTranexamic acid (TXA) can reduce intra- and postoperative bleeding as well as minimizing postoperative swelling and ecchymosis. It can be administered both intravenously and topically during surgery with minimal side effects.ObjectivesTo assess the evidence of TXA use in aesthetic surgery and to complete a survey of current practice of full British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons members.MethodsThe authors performed a literature review and online survey of full British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons members.ResultsThere is an increased indication of TXA utilization in aesthetic surgery. It provides multiple surgeon and patient benefits.ConclusionsTXA is a useful adjunct in aesthetic surgery.
Network mediation of pathology pattern in sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
Authors: Freeze Benjamin , Maia Pedro , Pandya Sneha , Raj Ashish 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease is a rare fatal rapidly progressive dementia caused by the accumulation and spread of pathologically misfolded prions. Evidence from animal models and in vitro experiments suggests that prion pathology propagates along neural connectivity pathways, with the transmission of misfolded prions initiating a corruptive templating process in newly encountered brain regions. Although particular regional patterns of disease have been recognized in humans, the underlying mechanistic basis of these patterns remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the spatial pattern of disease derived from publicly available human diffusion-weighted MRI data demonstrates stereotypical features across patient cohorts and can be largely explained by intrinsic connectivity properties of the human structural brain network. Regional diffusion-weighted MRI signal abnormalities are predicted by graph theoretical measures of centrality, with highly affected regions such as cingulate gyrus demonstrating strong structural connectivity to other brain regions. We employ network diffusion modelling to demonstrate that the spatial pattern of disease can be predicted by a diffusion process originating from a single regional pathology seed and operating on the structural connectome. The most likely seeds correspond to the most highly affected brain regions, suggesting that pathological prions could originate in a single brain region and spread throughout the brain to produce the regional distribution of pathology observed on MRI. Further investigation of top seed regions and associated connectivity pathways may be a useful strategy for developing therapeutic approaches.
Analytical Validation of HEARTBiT: A Blood-Based Multiplex Gene Expression Profiling Assay for Exclusionary Diagnosis of Acute Cellular Rejection in Heart Transplant Patients
Authors: Kim Ji-Young V , Lee Brandon , Koitsopoulos Pavlos , Shannon Casey P , Chen Virginia , Hollander Zsuzsanna , Assadian Sara , Lam Karen , Ritchie Gordon , McManus Janet , McMaster W Robert , Ng Raymond T , McManus Bruce M , Tebbutt Scott J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
HEARTBiT is a whole blood-based gene profiling assay using the nucleic acid counting NanoString technology for the exclusionary diagnosis of acute cellular rejection in heart transplant patients. The HEARTBiT score measures the risk of acute cellular rejection in the first year following heart transplant, distinguishing patients with stable grafts from those at risk for acute cellular rejection. Here, we provide the analytical performance characteristics of the HEARTBiT assay and the results on pilot clinical validation.

Methods
We used purified RNA collected from PAXgene blood samples to evaluate the characteristics of a 12-gene panel HEARTBiT assay, for its linearity range, quantitative bias, precision, and reproducibility. These parameters were estimated either from serial dilutions of individual samples or from repeated runs on pooled samples.

Results
We found that all 12 genes showed linear behavior within the recommended assay input range of 125 ng to 500 ng of purified RNA, with most genes showing 3% or lower quantitative bias and around 5% coefficient of variation. Total variation resulting from unique operators, reagent lots, and runs was less than 0.02 units standard deviation (SD). The performance of the analytically validated assay (AUC = 0.75) was equivalent to what we observed in the signature development dataset.

Conclusion
The analytical performance of the assay within the specification input range demonstrated reliable quantification of the HEARTBiT score within 0.02 SD units, measured on a 0 to 1 unit scale. This assay may therefore be of high utility in clinical validation of HEARTBiT in future biomarker observational trials.
Colonization by Biological Control Agents on Post-Fire Regrowth of Invasive Lygodium microphyllum (Lygodiaceae)
Authors: David Aaron S , Sebesta Nicole , Abdel-Kader Anwar A , Lake Ellen C 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Integration of biological control with other management tactics such as prescribed burning is often important for successful invasive weed control. A critical step in this integration is determining whether the agent can colonize postburn growth of the weed. Here, we investigated postburn colonization by biological control agents on regrowth of the invasive vine Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. (Lygodiaceae, Old World climbing fern) in Florida. We monitored regrowth and subsequent colonization of two agents already established in Florida—the gall-inducing mite Floracarus perrepae Knihinicki and Boczek (Acariformes: Eriophyidae) and the foliage-feeding moth Neomusotima conspurcatalis Warren (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)—following three prescribed burns. We provide the first report of natural colonization by the F. perrepae mite and N. conspurcatalis moth on postburn L. microphyllum regrowth, and this colonization typically began 5–9 mo postburn. Furthermore, we report that L. microphyllum can recover to prefire levels of percent cover in as little as 5 mo. Our findings indicate that biological control of L. microphyllum has the potential to be integrated with prescribed burns.