bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent advances on blinatumomab for acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Zhao Juanjuan , Song Yongping , Liu Delong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Although complete remission rate of B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) has improved significantly over the past few decades, patients with relapsed/refractory ALL still have dismal outcome. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antibody–drug conjugates and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy are changing the therapy landscape for B- ALL. Blinatumomab, a bi-specific T cell engager, has been approved for patients with relapsed/refractory and minimal residual disease positive B-ALL. This review summarized data from recent clinical trials of blinatumomab for B-ALL treatment.
The autophagy research in electron microscopy
Authors: Jung Minkyo , Choi Hyosun , Mun Ji Young 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Autophagy, a highly conserved process of eukaryotic cellular recycling, plays an important role in cell survival and maintenance. Dysfunctional autophagy contributes to the pathologies of many human diseases. Many studies have attempted to clarify the process of autophagy. Here, we review morphological studies of autophagy involving electron microscopy.
Late-adolescent risk factors for suicide and self-harm in middle-aged men: explorative prospective population-based study
Authors: Nyberg Jenny , Gustavsson Sara , Åberg Maria A. I. , Kuhn H. Georg , Waern Margda 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundRecent reports show alarmingly high rates of suicide in middle-aged men, yet there are few long-term prospective studies that focus on suicidal behaviour in men in this age group.AimsTo prospectively explore associations of potential risk factors at age 18 with suicide and self-harm in middle-aged men.MethodA population-based Swedish longitudinal cohort study of male conscripts with no history of self-harm at enlistment in 1968–1989 (n= 987 583). Conscription examinations included measures of cognitive performance, stress resilience, psychiatric diagnoses, body mass index (BMI), cardiovascular fitness and muscle strength. Suicides and self-harm at age 45–65 years were identified in the National Hospital Register and Swedish Cause of Death Register. Risks were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsLow stress resilience (cause-specific hazard ratio CHR = 2.31, 95% CI 1.95–2.74), low cognitive ability (CHR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.71–2.37) as well as psychiatric disorders and low cardiovascular fitness in late adolescence were associated with increased risk for suicide in middle-aged men. Similar risk estimates were obtained for self-harm. In addition, high and low BMI as well as low muscle strength were associated with increased risk of self-harm. Associations also remained significant after exclusion of men with self-harm before age 45.ConclusionsThis prospective study provides life-course perspective support that psychological and physical characteristics in late adolescence may have long-lasting consequences for suicidal behaviour in middle-aged men, a very large population at heightened risk of suicide.
Impact of Estradiol Variability and Progesterone on Mood in Perimenopausal Women With Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Joffe Hadine , de Wit Anouk , Coborn Jamie , Crawford Sybil , Freeman Marlene , Wiley Aleta , Athappilly Geena , Kim Semmie , Sullivan Kathryn A , Cohen Lee S , Hall Janet E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Context
Women are at increased risk for depressive symptoms during the menopause transition. Changes in estradiol secretion and presence of vasomotor symptoms (VMS) contribute to perimenopausal depressive symptoms, but links with progesterone have not been investigated.

Objective
To determine whether estradiol variability, ovulatory levels of progesterone, and VMS burden are independently associated with perimenopausal depressive symptomatology.

Design and Intervention
Depressive symptoms, serum levels of estradiol and progesterone, and VMS frequency were assessed weekly in an 8-week observational study. Association of mood with estradiol variability, ovulatory levels of progesterone, and VMS frequency were estimated using generalized estimating equation models.

Setting
Academic medical center.

Patients
Fifty unmedicated perimenopausal women with mild-to-moderate depressive symptoms (mean Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] score 15.5 ± 5.3).

Main Outcome Measure
Depressive symptoms (MADRS score).

Results
During the study, 90.0% of participants had varying estradiol levels, 51.1% had ovulatory progesterone levels, and 90% had VMS. Greater estradiol variability and absence of progesterone levels consistent with ovulation, but not VMS frequency, are associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms (β = 0.11 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.04 to 0.18; P = 0.001]; β = −2.62 [95% CI, −4.52 to −0.71; P = 0.007], respectively), after accounting for higher body mass index, lifetime history of depression, and stressful life events.

Conclusions
Increasing dysregulation of ovarian hormones, but not VMS, associates with more depressive symptom burden during perimenopause. These results suggest that perimenopausal mood instability is driven by the underlying hormonal dysregulation of the menopause transition involving changes in both estradiol and progesterone.
A mobility-based classification of closed kinematic chains in biomechanics and implications for motor control
Authors: Olsen Aaron M. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Closed kinematic chains (CKCs), links connected to form one or more closed loops, are used as simple models of musculoskeletal systems (e.g. the four-bar linkage). Previous applications of CKCs have primarily focused on biomechanical systems with rigid links and permanently closed chains, which results in constant mobility (the total degrees of freedom of a system). However, systems with non-rigid elements (e.g. ligaments and muscles) and that alternate between open and closed chains (e.g. standing on one foot versus two) can also be treated as CKCs with changing mobility. Given that, in general, systems that have fewer degrees of freedom are easier to control, what implications might such dynamic changes in mobility have for motor control? Here, I propose a CKC classification to explain the different ways in which mobility of musculoskeletal systems can change dynamically during behavior. This classification is based on the mobility formula, taking into account the number of loops in the CKC and the nature of the constituent joint mobilities. I apply this mobility-based classification to five biomechanical systems: the human lower limbs, the operculum–lower jaw mechanism of fishes, the upper beak rotation mechanism of birds, antagonistic muscles at the human ankle joint and the human jaw processing a food item. I discuss the implications of this classification, including that mobility itself may be dynamically manipulated to simplify motor control. The principal aim of this Commentary is to provide a framework for quantifying mobility across diverse musculoskeletal systems to evaluate its potentially key role in motor control.
The Cipp Model-Based Evaluation on Integrated English Learning (IEL) Program at Language Center
Authors: Agustina Noor Qomaria , Mukhtaruddin Fanni 
Published: November 2019

The competition in the workforce demands quality programs to make the learners to have competitive advantage by mastering the foreign language especially English. Language Training Centre is one institution that provide service on teaching language skill. The aim of this research was to make an evaluation on the program conducted by the Centre using the CIPP Model developed by Stufflebeam that evaluated the effectiveness and quality of the program seen from the context, input, process and product, and was applied for a program namely Integrated English Learning (IEL). The methodology was the combination of quantitative and qualitative design. The setting was a a language Center and the participants were the students from two departments. This study described the program from the point of view of its context, input, process and product. The context is seen from the effectivity of the program, while the input discusses about the quality. The process is to describe the implementation of the program and the product reveals how the goals are achieved.
A Content Analysis of the Reading Activities in “Bright 2”an English Textbook for Junior High School Students
Authors: Sucipto Sucipto , Cahyo Septian Dwi 
Published: November 2019

This study aimed to analyze reading activities in “Bright 2” an English textbook for junior high school students grade VIII in Indonesia by using Bloom’s revised taxonomy. A content analysis was conducted to achieve the research purpose. The findings show that the textbook has dominant reading activities on the cognitive process “analyze” 27% and “apply” 21% of the total 145 reading activities, respectively. The number of higher and lower cognitive processes in this textbook is almost balanced on 49% of higher order thinking skills and 51% of lesser order thinking skills correspondingly. There is a slight difference between the number higher thinking process and lower thinking process since most reading activities are on “analyze”, which is belong to the higher thinking process while the second most frequent reading activities are “apply”, the lower thinking process. Meanwhile, “apply” and “analyze” is placed on the 3rd and 4th in the taxonomy, it means that the textbook emphasizes the middle cognitive thinking process of Bloom’s revised taxonomy, which is formed by “apply” and “analyze” thinking process.
Training vs. Coaching – über Aporien in der Professionalisierungsdiskussion
Authors: Webers Thomas , Zickermann Robert 
Published: November 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Abgrenzungsdebatte um die Professionalisierung von Coaching ist unabgeschlossen und weiterhin notwendig. Coaching wird beispielsweise immer wieder mit Training verglichen. Die Entleihung des Begriffs Coaching aus der Welt des Sports ist ein Fakt, ob der Vergleich sinnvoll ist, eine offene Frage. Die Erforschung des Sprachgebrauchs in der Sportwissenschaft zeigt, dass trotz der steigenden Popularität Coaching auch im Sport ein unscharfer Begriff geblieben ist. In der Coaching-Literatur werden zur Begründung der Abgrenzung mehrere Konzepte bemüht. Die Analyse zeigt, dass diese – u. a. Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe, Beratung ohne Ratschlag – einer kritischen Diskussion nicht standhalten. Welche Lehren können nun aus dieser Debatte für eine weitere Professionalisierung von Coaching gezogen werden?
Woman and Liberal Revolution
Authors: Calvo Caballero Pilar 
Published: November 2019

The study of the first liberal Penal Codes (Spanish from 1822/1848/1850 and Portuguese from 1852) shows that the Spanish and the Portuguese woman share the same legal frame, but for a few differences. This frame preserves the feminine pattern of behaviour established by the Old Regime Courts, subject to man’s authority and to marriage as a guarantee of social and family order, but with a change: man’s honor resting upon the woman is honesty, not any longer privileged (married and honest) but imposed (home angel) and punished (dishonest woman). Between applying mercy or an exemplary treatment to a woman, liberal law chooses the last. Woman is not the plural category of the Old Regime any more, but the dual category angel/dishonest, which brings about her fragilitas. This leads to equality among women and approach to men in most offenses, but for the glaring inequality with regard to honor. An exception: the Portuguese wife, protected against procuring, has the right to take vengeance on his husband for her honor, whereas the Spanish wife does not have that right.
Keywords: Spanish Penal Code 1822/1848/1850. Portuguese Penal Code 1852. Woman. Fragilitas. Honesty.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND FLAVONOIDS OF LINDEN-SHAPED FLOWERS OF THE HEART (TILIA CORDATA MILL.), MEDICINAL SAGE (SALVIA OFFICINALIS L.), MEDICINAL SWEET CLOVER (MELILOTUS OFFICINALIS L.), CURRANT LEAVES (RIBES NIGR
Authors: Aleksashina Sof'ya Anatol'yevna , Makarova Nadezhda Viktorovna 
Published: November 2019

A reliable source of increased intake of vitamins and biologically active substances are not only berries and fruits, but also herbs. This article is devoted to the analysis of plant samples for antioxidant activity. The objects of study were selected herbs and flowering woody plants of the Samara region: small-leaved linden color (Tilia cordata), medicinal sage (Salvia officinalis L.), medicinal clover (Melilоtus officinalis), currant leaf (Folium Ribes nigrum), wild strawberry (Fragum folium silvam), grapes (Vitis labrusca). Plant material collected in the phase of mass flowering. Aqueous alcoholic extracts (1 : 1 ratio) were obtained from the samples at 37 °C for 2 hours. Anti-radical activity was tested using the free radical DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-pilkrilgidrazil), restoring force the FRAP method (Ferric Reduction Antioxidant Power), antioxidant activity in the linoleic acid system and the content of phenols, flavonoids. Analyzing the results obtained in this work, we can conclude about the presence of antioxidant properties. The leader in anti-radical activity and regenerative power was a currant leaf, a high content of phenols has linden color, the maximum content of flavonoids was also recorded in a currant leaf.
INFLUENCES OF LOCAL RESISTANCES OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANNELS OF PULP AND PAPER PRODUCTION ON THE OPERATION OF VORTEX FLOW METERS OF WATER AND WATER SUSPENSIONS OF LOW CONCEN-TRATIONS
Authors: Alashkevich Iuriy Davydovich , Lur’e Mikhail Semenovich , Lur’e Ol'ga Mikhaylovna , Frolov Aleksandr Sergeyevich 
Published: November 2019

The question of the features of operation of submersible vortex flowmeters of water and water suspensions of low concentrations in pulp and paper production, which are installed in process pipelines with local hydraulic resistance, is considered.
It is shown that with an insufficient straight section after local resistance, an additional error appears, which appears due to the influence of local resistance (transition or retraction) on the symmetry of the velocity diagram in front of the device. This error arises due to a change in the Strouhal number (Sh) and is related to the measurement method. The Strouhal number begins to depend on both the distance to the local resistance and the fluid flow rate.
Identify this relationship and is dedicated to this work. Recommendations on the length of straight pipeline sections in front of the flow meter have been developed, which can be significantly reduced by limiting the range of operating flow rates.
The studies were carried out by the method of numerical simulation of hydrodynamic processes with subsequent processing of the results by the method of experiment planning.
The dependence of the number Sh on the length of the relative diameter of the pipeline L/ for hydrodynamic resistance in the form of a transition is presented. This error shows that the measurement error is within 2% already with a straight section in front of the flowmeter equal to 5–7 diameters.
The response surface for pipe bends (rotations) is considered at 90º from which it follows that while maintaining the length of the straight section within 5–7 pipe diameters, it is necessary to narrow the measurement range of the instruments 2.5 times.
LA MILITANCIA DE ABOGADOS EN DEFENSA DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS A PARTIR DE LA ÚLTIMA DICTADURA MILITAR EN ROSARIO.
Authors: SCOCCO MARIANELA 
Published: November 2019

El eje de este artículo es el análisis de la militancia de abogados en defensa de los derechos humanos en la última dictadura militar (1976-1983) y en los primeros años de democracia. Sin embargo, el fundamento será colocado en las transformaciones en el perfil de los abogados que se dedicaron a esta tarea a través de un recorrido por el proceso que va de los primeros abogados que se abocaron a la defensa de los detenidos por razones políticas y/o gremiales desde mediados de la década de 1930, principalmente en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, hasta los años 1970 con la instauración de la última dictadura. El objetivo es estudiar a estos actores y los espacios asociativos de los que formaron parte, haciendo hincapié en la circulación de ellos en más de una organización, es decir, en su doble o múltiple pertenencia militante. Nos centraremos en el caso de la ciudad de Rosario, tomando como ejemplo a dos abogadas que se abocaron a la defensa de los derechos humanos con su participación en distintos organismos de la ciudad.
ARQUEOLOGIA E HISTÓRIA DA REPRESSÃO NA DITADURA MILITAR BRASILEIRA: ALGUNS ASPECTOS SOBRE A GUERRILHA DO ARAGUAIA
Authors: SPOSITO MECHI PATRICIA 
Published: November 2019

Este artigo busca apresentar uma reflexão sobre as possibilidades de atuação interdisciplinar nos estudos sobre as ditaduras, a partir do caso concreto da guerrilha do Araguaia. No entanto, preliminarmente, tecemos considerações sobre a natureza fragmentária e lacunar da documentação produzida pelas ditaduras e em alguns casos, sua deliberada destruição. Entendendo que esta ocultação das fontes históricas/provas dos crimes de lesa-humanidade faz parte da lógica do sistema repressivo desenvolvido no período, apresentamos em linhas gerais sua estrutura, tal como desvendada pela Comissão Nacional da Verdade para apenas então pontuar aspectos do caso da guerrilha do Araguaia.
DISSONÂNCIAS À ESQUERDA: A POLOP, O GOLPE E A DITADURA MILITAR
Authors: COELHO EURELINO 
Published: November 2019

O artigo analisa documentos que registram o modo como a POLOP caracterizou e interpretou o golpe de 1964 e a ditadura iniciada então no Brasil. É possível situar a POLOP numa posição singular entre as organizações marxistas brasileiras não apenas como formuladora de uma estratégia socialista alternativa à do PCB, mas também de opções táticas elaboradas para as diferentes conjunturas.
Silver nanoparticles enhanced fluorescence for sensitive determination of fluoroquinolones in water solutions
Authors: Wang Hongling , Si Xuejing , Wu Tunhua , Wang Ping 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA new type of silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) was prepared with simple and fast methods and low-toxic compounds. With the addition of different concentrations of AgNPs, the effects of AgNPs on the fluorescence properties of three different kinds of fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin ENR, lomefloxacin LMF and norfloxacin NOR) in water solutions were studied, respectively. The experimental results demonstrated that the fluorescence intensity for each of the fluoroquinolones (FQ)was firstly enhanced and then quenched with the increased concentration of AgNPs in water solutions. The possible mechanisms about the AgNPs on the fluorescence behaviors of each FQ were also investigated, respectively. In addition, new silver enhanced nanoparticles materials fluorescence methods were established for the separate determination of ENR, LMF and NOR in water solutions. As compared with the identical control fluorimetric methods with no addition of AgNPs, the new enhanced fluorimetic methods were also investigated, respectively. The experimental results indicated that the new enhanced methods could detect lower concentrations of ENR, LMF and NOR in water solutions. Moreover, the newly enhanced fluorimetric methods were validated and successfully applied for the quantitative assay of ENR, LMF and NOR in different kinds of medicinal preparations, respectively.
Controllable Kerr and Raman-Kerr frequency combs in functionalized microsphere resonators
Authors: Zhu Song , Shi Lei , Ren Linhao , Zhao Yanjing , Jiang Bo , Xiao Bowen , Zhang Xinliang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Optical frequency comb (OFC) based on the whispering-gallery-mode microresonator has various potential applications in fundamental and applied areas. Once the solid microresonator is fabricated, its structure parameters are generally unchanged. Therefore, realizing the tunability of the microresonator OFC is an important precondition for many applications. In this work, we proposed and demonstrated the tunable Kerr and Raman-Kerr frequency combs using the ultrahigh-quality-factor (Q) functionalized silica microsphere resonators, which are coated with iron oxide nanoparticles on their end surfaces. The functionalized microsphere resonator possesses Q factors over 108 and large all-optical tunability due to the excellent photothermal performance of the iron oxide nanoparticles. We realized a Kerr frequency comb with an ultralow threshold of 0.42 mW and a comb line tuning range of 0.8 nm by feeding the control light into the hybrid microsphere resonator through its fiber stem. Furthermore, in order to broaden the comb span, we realized a Raman-Kerr frequency comb with a span of about 164 nm. Meanwhile, we also obtained a comb line tuning range of 2.67 nm for the Raman-Kerr frequency comb. This work could find potential applications in wavelength-division multiplexed coherent communications and optical frequency synthesis.
Using AI Methods to Evaluate a Minimal Model for Perception
Authors: Prentner Robert , Fields Chris 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The relationship between philosophy and research on artificial intelligence (AI) has been difficult since its beginning, with mutual misunderstanding and sometimes even hostility. By contrast, we show how an approach informed by both philosophy and AI can be productive. After reviewing some popular frameworks for computation and learning, we apply the AI methodology of “build it and see” to tackle the philosophical and psychological problem of characterizing perception as distinct from sensation. Our model comprises a network of very simple, but interacting agents which have binary experiences of the “yes/no”-type and communicate their experiences with each other. When does such a network refer to a single agent instead of a distributed network of entities? We apply machine learning techniques to address the following related questions: i) how can the model explain stability of compound entities, and ii) how could the model implement a single task such as perceptual inference? We thereby find consistency with previous work on “interface” strategies from perception research.
While this reflects some necessary conditions for the ascription of agency, we suggest that it is not sufficient. Here, AI research, if it is intended to contribute to conceptual understanding, would benefit from issues previously raised by philosophy. We thus conclude the article with a discussion of action-selection, the role of embodiment, and consciousness to make this more explicit. We conjecture that a combination of AI research and philosophy allows general principles of mind and being to emerge from a “quasi-empirical” investigation.