bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wild Edible Fruits of Arunachal Pradesh, India: Ethno-Medicinal Uses, Socio Economic Importance and Role in Rural Economy and Livelihood Security
Authors: Hazarika Tridip , Tayeng Basik 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Forests inhibits a large number of trees, shrubs, herbs, climbers, wealth of non-timber forest products and a good number of wild edible fruits plants. These wild edible fruits are an indispensable constituent of human and rich in vitamin, minerals, fibre, antioxidants and compounds of nutritional importance such as alkaloids, essential oils and phenolic etc. Many of them are also very good source of ethno-medicines. But, the knowledge of valuable heritage of these fruits is orally handed over from one generation to other generation years after year. Nevertheless, the folk and ethno-medicinal values of these fruits are still playing a great role in treatment of diseases but now the traditional knowledge are disappearing and losing their intrinsic values. The present study was undertaken to document wild edible fruits of Arunachal Pradesh, India, and to study the socio-economic importance of these fruits among the people of the district.Methods Extensive field surveys, plant collection, herbarium preparations and personal interviews with the traditional healers as well as local people from rural villages were conducted for this study. Altogether 50 wild edible fruits belonging to 31 families having medicinal and socio economic significance were reported in this study. Results Among the different families, Moraceae and Rutaceae were the dominant with 5 species, followed by Phyllanthaceae, Anacardiaceae and Rosaceae, Arecaceae, Fabaceae, Lauraceae, Primulaceae and Fagaceae. In terms of parts used, the highest used was leaves (35.58 %), followed by fruits and bark (21.51%), root (10.73 %), seed (7.53 %), latex (2.15%) and shoot (1.07%). Therapeutically, the reported wild edible fruits are used against 14 classes of diseases viz. gastrointestinal, dermatological, cardiovascular, respiratory, urogenital, ENT, Anti-venom/ insect bite, snakebite, mental and nervous disorders, minor ailments, bone disease, food poison, jaundice, cancers and allergy. They have a number of uses in the rural economy like constructional timbers, firewood, charcoal, fodder, fish poisoning, dyes, oils etc.Conclusions Although, these fruits plays an important role in the social and cultural life of the tribal people of Arunachal Pradesh, India, but this valuable species has been vanishing at a very faster rate without proper documentation. Therefore, the claimed therapeutic values of these species are to be critically studied and conserve these valuable species before their extinction.
Low-frequency and rare coding variants of NUS1 contribute to pathogenesis and phenotype of Parkinson’s disease: a case-control study
Authors: Jiang Li , Mei Jun-pu , Zhao Yu-wen , Zhang Rui , Pan Hong-xu , Yang Yang , Sun Qi-ying , Xu Qian , Yan Xin-xiang , Tan Jie-qiong , Li Jin-chen , Tang Bei-sha , Guo Jifeng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

NUS1 has recently been identified as a candidate risk gene for Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the contribution of NUS1 rare and low-frequency variants to PD susceptibility and phenotypes is largely unknown.

Methods

In our case-control study, whole-exome or Sanger sequencing was performed on the subjects (4,779 cases vs. 4,442 controls) to analyze the coding sequence of NUS1 . The associations between variants and phenotypic data were analyzed using sequence kernel association test and regression models.

Results

A total of 13 variants were identified. Ten of them in 12 patients and one control were rare variants and three were low-frequency variants. Three rare variants (R86L, N144K, D163H) might be pathogenic. We identified a significant burden of rare NUS1 variants in PD (adjusted P=0.016). Two low-frequency variants, rs550854234 and rs539668656, were associated with PD (odds ratio = 0.76, adjusted P = 0.041; odds ratio = 2.80, adjusted P = 0.016; respectively). Analyses stratified by age at onset showed that the same two variants were associated with late-onset PD (odds ratio = 0.66, adjusted P = 0.025; odds ratio = 2.96, adjusted P = 0.025; respectively). The genotype-phenotype associations of these variants showed that patients with PD carrying rare variants, rs550854234 or rs539668656 were significantly associated with earlier onset age, emotional impairment and tremor severity.

Conclusions

Our study suggests that rare and low-frequency NUS1 variants play an important role in the pathogenesis and phenotype of PD. Moreover, our data will help understand the role of NUS1 plays in the pathogenesis of PD and further the development of personalized treatments for PD.
A boy with refractory cyanosis: pediatric pulmonary arteriovenous malformation case report and literature review
Authors: Sheng Chuqiao , Yang Chunfeng , Ao Yu , LI Yumei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation is rare and is defined as the presence of an abnormal connection between the pulmonary artery and vein. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation can manifest with no obvious clinical symptoms and is only found incidentally on pulmonary imaging examinations. The clinical signs vary according to the shunt flow in proportion to the malformation area. In severe cases, symptoms such as exertional dyspnea, cyanosis, hemoptysis or even sudden death can occur. Untreated pulmonary arteriovenous malformation may result in cardiac failure or rupture of the aneurysmal fistula.Case presentation: We report the case of a 1-year-old boy who presented with refractory cyanosis and a transcutaneous oxygen saturation level of 70-76%.Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation was detected on computed tomography angiogram. We chose surgical resection of the diseased lung as the treatment. The boy had a good prognosis and was followed up for 3 months without recurrence. The analysis of this case and a review of the literature improved our understanding of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation.Conclusion: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation should be considered when unexplained conditions such as hypoxia and hemoptysis are encountered or when pulmonary arteriovenous malformation-like mass changes are visible on chest imaging. The early identification of the problem, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up are helpful for reducing trauma and for improving the long-term outcome of children with pulmonary arteriovenous malformation.
Transitioning To Digital First Line Intervention – Validation Of A Brief Online Screener For Early Identification of A Suspected Eating Disorder: Study Protocol
Authors: Bryant Emma , Miskovic-Wheatley Jane , Touyz Stephen , Crosby Ross D , Koreshe Eyza , Cao Li , Maguire Sarah 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Only one in four people with Eating Disorders (ED) seeks treatment, and of those who do seek treatment, 20% go on to experience a chronic course. Early intervention has been associated with better prognosis, with those seeking specialised intervention in the early stages of their illness more than twice as likely to achieve remission. Current screening measures typically require expert administration and are rarely validated across a spectrum of DSM-5 eating disorder presentations or for online use. In light of COVID-19 and increasing reliance on telehealth technologies in the intervention and delivery of mental health services, online assessments suitable for self-referral are likely to be the first step to seeking care. InsideOut Institute has developed a 6-item online screening tool for the purposes of identifying eating disorder risk and symptomatology, aimed specifically at increasing help-seeking behaviour in subsyndromal and early presentations. Methods: This study investigates the reliability and validity of the InsideOut Institute Screener (IOI-S), using a cross-sectional survey research design. Participants aged 14 and over will complete a baseline survey battery consisting of the EDE-Q, the SCOFF questionnaire, the IOI-S and either the MC-SDS (adults) or CSD-S (adolescents) for evaluation. 30% of participants will be randomly selected for one follow-up re-test of the IOI-S only, two weeks post initial testing. The IOI-S will be analysed for statistical reliability on two parameters: internal consistency and test re-test reliability, and for statistical validity on four parameters: concurrent validity, sensitivity and specificity, convergent and discriminant validity. Discussion: The rapid and ongoing shift to digital intervention has highlighted gaps and opportunities in our pathways to care. Adequate screening for eating disorders is a major gap. This study aims to validate an online screening tool for use in telehealth early intervention, designed for users seeking information for a suspected eating disorder. The screener meets those at risk ‘where they are’ (i.e. online) and may improve timely referrals to relevant services. This is of particular salience as face-to-face healthcare and traditional frontline interventions are disrupted, and we are challenged to re-design our practices to deliver diagnostic and treatment services in highly adaptive digital contexts.Trial registration: N/A
The effect of conscious disorder on the 30-day mortality of sepsis
Authors: Yang Yang , Liang Shengru , Wang Qiuhe , Guo Kai , Wan Haiping , Kang Enming , Li Rong , Zhao Yongbo , Li Lihong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Conscious impairment is related to worse prognosis in patients with sepsis. we aimed to evaluate the impact of conscious disorder on the 30-day mortality of patients with sepsis and identify the remediable risk factors for it.
Methods

Data were retrospectively retrieved from a prospective intensive care database. Conscious disorder was assessed by the Glasgow Coma Score (GCS). The impact of conscious dysfunction on the 30-day mortality of sepsis and its potentially modifiable risk factors were evaluated using Cox proportional hazard regression and logistic regression, respectively.
Results

A total of 4446 patients with sepsis were included in the study and conscious disorder (GCS < 15) was observed in 2126 (47.8%) patients. The results of Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that GCS ≤ 12 contributed to the increased 30-day mortality of patients with sepsis and was an independent risk factor for it. Considering the clinical risks and benefits, the results of logistic regression showed that hypertension (systolic pressure ≥ 140 mmHg), hypernatremia (serum sodium ≥ 145 K/uL), the utility of cephalosporin and urinary infection are the potentially remediable risk factors for patients with sepsis characterized by GCS ≤ 12.
Conclusion

Moderate impairment of consciousness (GCS 9–12) and coma (GCS 3–8) were independently related to the 30-day mortality of sepsis. Potentially remediable risk factors for patients with sepsis characterized by GCS ≤ 12 at ICU admission were hypertension, hypernatremia, cephalosporin adoption and urinary infection. Further studies are needed to investigate the causal relationship between medical interventions towards these risk factors and the incidence of moderate impairment of consciousness and coma in patients with sepsis.
miR-9-1 Is a New Circulating Biomarker for Higher-grade Meningioma Regulated via the EGFR-FOS Network
Authors: Baiz Daniele , Negroni Caterina , Ferluga Sara , Ercolano Emanuela , Adams Claire L , Sofela Agbolahan , Hilton David A , Kurian Kathreena M , Hanemann C Oliver 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Meningiomas are the most common primary CNS tumors. According to the World Health Organization Classification (WHO), they are classified as benign (grade I), atypical (grade II), and anaplastic/malignant (grade III). Chemotherapy has proven ineffective in treating these tumors, which are primarily managed by surgery, radiotherapy, or a combination of them. Morbidity and mortality correlate with meningioma grade. Currently, risk assessment for treatment is based on the radiological assessment of tumor size, tumor growth rate, and/or clinical progression of symptoms. Methods: We performed a cancer miRNA array in an in vitro model of meningioma in order to identify circulating biomarkers in meningioma patients. We validated the miRNA biomarker candidate in cells and tissues and analyzed its regulation. We then investigated expression in tissues and blood. Results: We identified miR-9-1 as significantly overexpressed in atypical and anaplastic cells compared to benign. We further demonstrated that miR-9-1 overexpression is due to increased levels of FOS via upregulation of the EGFR receptor, and showed that miR-9-1 and FOS are upregulated in a cohort of higher-grade meningioma biopsies. Next, we isolated circulating exosomes from meningioma patients’ serum samples, and found higher levels of miR-9-1 in higher-grade compared to low-grade meningiomas patients. Conclusions: Overall, our study shows overexpression and the mechanism of miR-9-1 regulation and suggests miR-9-1 as a novel circulating biomarker candidate to identify tumor grade in meningioma.
Nigericin Suppresses the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling in Pancreatic Cancer through Targeting pre-miR-374b-PRKCA/HBP1 Axis
Authors: Zhi Qiaoming , Li Wei , Zhu Dongming , Wan Daiwei , Han Ye , Liu Fei , Xu Zhihua , Jiang Min , Xu Ye 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

The polyether antibiotic nigericin has been demonstrated recently to have anti-tumor activity in multiple cancers. But the biochemical basis for its anti-cancer effects has not been fully elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential mechanisms of nigericin in pancreatic cancer (PC) cells.
Methods

PC cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of nigericin at different time periods, and the corresponding IC50 values were calculated. Then the effects on the biological functions of PC cells were evaluated. Subsequent experiments including the high-throughput RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR, western blot, TOP/FOP-Flash reporter, Co-Immunoprecipitation and luciferase report assays were employed to reveal the potential mechanisms of nigericin. In addition, the inhibitory effects of nigericin on PC cells were also accessed in the subcutaneous tumor model.
Results

The data showed that nigericin was extremely sensitive to PC cells, and could influence the abilities of cell proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. The results in vitro implied that nigericin suppressed the Wnt/β-catenin signaling by up-regulating PRKCA and HBP1 mRNA expressions. Furthermore, the dual strands of pre-miR-374b were proved to down-regulate the PRKCA and HBP1 expressions coordinately, and over-expression of pre-miR-374b partly antagonized the suppressing effects of PC cells induced by nigericin. Meanwhile, the inhibitory effects of nigericin on PC cells were also confirmed in mice.
Conclusion

These findings demonstrated that suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by targeting pre-miR-374b-PRKCA/HBP1 axis might represent a novel molecular mechanism of nigericin in PC. Nigericin remained a candidate for a potential pre-clinical application for PC.
Impact of Four-Dimensional Cone-Beam Computed Tomography on Target Localization for Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Radiotherapy: Reducing Planning Target Volume Margin
Authors: Shimohigashi Yoshinobu , Toya Ryo , Saito Tetsuo , Kono Yumiko , Doi Yasuhiro , Fukugawa Yoshiyuki , Watakabe Takahiro , Matsumoto Tadashi , Kai Yudai , Maruyama Masato , Oya Natsuo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Radiotherapy of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma should be delivered to the whole stomach with optimal planning target volume (PTV) margins that account for variations in stomach volume, respiratory movement, and patient set-up error. In this study, we evaluated whether the use of four-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (4D-CBCT) reduces the PTV margin.Methods: Eight patients underwent radiotherapy with 15 fractions of gastric MALT lymphoma using 4D-CBCT. Structures with PTV margins of 5–30 mm (5 mm intervals) from the internal target volume of the stomach defined based on the 4D-CT images were generated. For the target localization, we performed matching based on skin marking (skin matching), bone anatomy (bone matching), and stomach anatomy (4D soft-tissue matching) based on registration between planning CT and 4D-CBCT images from 10 phases. For each patient, we calculated the covering ratio (CR) of the stomach with variable PTV margins, based on the 4D-CBCT images, with a total of 150 phases [CR (%) = (number of covering phases / 150 phases) × 100], for three target localization methods. We compared the CR values of the different target localization methods and defined a minimal PTV margin with an average CR of ≥ 95 % for all patients as optimal.Results: The average CR for all patients increased from 17.9 % to 100 %, 19.6 % to 99.8 %, and 33.8 % to 100 %, in the skin, bone, and 4D soft-tissue matchings, respectively, as the PTV margins increased from 5 to 30 mm. The CR obtained by 4D soft-tissue matching was superior to that obtained by skin (P = 0.013) and bone matching (P = 0.008) for a PTV margin of 15 mm. The optimal PTV margins were 20 mm (average CR: 95.2 %), 25 mm (average CR: 99.1 %), and 15 mm (average CR: 98.0 %) for the skin, bone, and 4D soft-tissue matchings, respectively.Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the use of 4D-CBCT reduces the PTV margin when applying 4D soft-tissue matching, compared to skin and bone matchings. Additionally, bone matching does not reduce the PTV margin as compared with traditional skin matching.
The Effect of Edible Lipids on Atherogenic Index of Plasma: Results From RaNCD Cohort Study
Authors: Sahargahi Badrieh , Pasdar Yahya , Moradinazar Mehdi , Najafi Farid , Darbandi Mitra , Moludi Jalal , Hamzeh Behrooz , Shakiba Ebrahim 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The amount and type of lipids consumed has a great impact on serum lipid profile and risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). A novel index named atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is better predictors of CVD risk factors than lipids alone. This study aimed to investigate the effect of edible oils on AIP. Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted on preliminary phase of Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study. The amount of consumption of edible lipids was determined based on validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Lipid profiles including triglyceride (TG), and lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured, and AIP was calculated as log10 (TG/HDL-C).Results: A total of 9996 individuals, 4738(47.4%) were male. The mean of AIP was 0.98±0.6 (range from -1.73 to 4.15) that in females (0.97 ± 0.6) was lower than males (1.10 ± 0.6). After controlling for confounding and affecting variables, the AIP index decreased with increasing consumption of a local oil named Kermanshahi oil [β(CI 95% ): -0.006(-0.008, -0.003)], butter[β(CI 95% ): -0.008(-0.011, -0.005)] and not statistically significant decrease with Hydrogenated or partial hydrogenated oil [β(CI 95% ): -0.008(-0.001, 0.001)] but the AIP index increased with un-hydrogenated oil [β(CI 95% ): 0.001(-0.001, 0.001)]Conclusion: Kermanshahi oil and butter have decreasing effect on AIP, the effect of margarine was neutral, hydrogenated vegetable oil has trace decreasing effect whereas un-hydrogenated vegetable oil has increasing effect on it. So, consumption of Kermanshahi oil may be associated with lower cardiovascular risk.
Influence of GSTT1 and GSTP1 Polymorphisms on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Retinopathy Risk in the Chinese Population: A Case Control Study
Authors: Geng Xinqian , Zha Ling , Zhou Taicheng , Xiong Yixin , Xu Fan , Xu Bo , Wang Feiying , Wang Xiaoling , Yang Ke , Yang Ying , Tao Wenyu , Li Yiping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Studies have revealed the association of glutathione S-transferases (GSTM1 and GSTT1) deletion (null) polymorphism with the risks of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between GSTT1/ GSTP1 gene polymorphisms and the risks of T2DM and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a Chinese population.Methods: A total of 336 subjects with T2DM and a defined ophthalmologic status were recruited from the Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province between June 2014 and October 2016. Seventy-two age-matched healthy controls were also enrolled. Physical examinations and laboratory tests were performed. The frequencies of GSTT1 and GSTP1 genotypes in all participants were determined by PCR and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR–RFLP), respectively.Results: Compared with healthy controls, the GSTT1-null genotype was significantly more common in diabetic patients with or without DR (all P < 0.05). However, the frequency of the GSTP1 genotype (AA, GA, GG) was comparable between the two groups. Furthermore, neither the GSTP1 nor GSTT1 genetic polymorphism was associated with the development of DR. In the present study, the risk of developing T2DM was significantly higher in subjects carrying the combined heterozygous GSTP1 (AG) and null GSTT1 genotypes (OR=0.40, 95% CI=0.21-0.74, P=0.02).Conclusions: The deletion of the GSTT1 genotype was associated with a higher risk of developing T2DM, whether alone or in combination with GSTP1, indicating that the null genotype of GSTT1 may serve as a potential biomarker for T2DM in the Chinese population, which is helpful for clinicians to make more effective risk-based decisions.
Long Non-Coding RNA SNHG12 Promotes Prostate Tumor Occurrence and Progression via AKT Regulation
Authors: Chen Zheng , Qi Tao , Qin Xiaoping , Wang Jue , Huang Zhangsen , Hu Xiaoyong , Chen Guo , Ju Lijun , Zhuo Yu-min 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIncreasing studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participated in the development of prostate cancer (PCa). The small nucleolar RNA host gene 12 (SNHG12) has been reported to play an important role in the tumorigenesis and progression of PCa, but the functional underlying mechanism has not been studied clearly. MethodsWe detected the expression level of SNHG12 in PCa tissues and matched adjacent normal tissues that were collected from 85 patients. Then, colony formation assays, MTT experiments and flow cytometry were used to examine the effect of SNHG12 on proliferation, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of DU145 cells. Further, Transwell invasion assay was utilized to assess whether SNHG12 participates in PCa cell invasion and affects the secretion of VEGF secretion in DU145 cells. Western blot analysis was applied to quantify the expression level of apoptosis-related and invasion-related proteins. Finally, we investigated the effect of SNHG12 on tumor growth in vivo. ResultsWe found that SNHG12 expression was upregulated in prostate tumor tissues compared with the matched adjacent normal tissues. SNHG12 knockdown increased the expression of apoptosis-related protein Caspase 3, whereas downregulated the expression of MMP9, which is an invasion-related protein. SNHG12 knockdown inhibited the expression of phosphorylated AKT. In vivo xenograft experiments showed that knockdown of SNHG12 suppressed the PCa growth. ConclusionsThe above-mentioned results revealed that SNHG12 promoted cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in PCa cells, which suggests that SNHG12 is probably a novel PCa biomarker and therapy target of PCa.