bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To mix or not to mix: Parental attitudes towards translanguaging and language management choices
Authors: Wilson Sonia 
Published: March 2020

Aim and objectives: The present study investigates parental language beliefs and management among French-English bilingual families in the UK. It addresses the following two research questions. (a) What are parents’ attitudes towards translanguaging and beliefs about effective language management? (b) Do these beliefs and attitudes translate into language separation strategies versus flexible language practices? Design/methodology: This paper reports part of the results of a mixed-method study consisting of an online survey as well as multiple in-depth case studies. The qualitative portion of the present article focuses on two case studies including face-to-face interviews and observations in the family home. Data and analysis: Responses to the online questionnaire ( n = 164) were analysed using descriptive statistics. Thematic analysis was used for interview data. Observations were analysed through the Family Language Policy framework and by looking at turn-taking sequences and meta-linguistic comments. Results: Parental ideologies appear to have evolved towards more positive attitudes towards language mixing. However, these positive attitudes towards translanguaging do not necessarily result in flexible language practices at home. Findings/conclusions: Language separation strategies such as one parent–one language may be adopted not as a result of ideologies, but despite parents’ beliefs about the flexible nature of bilingualism and owing to the pressure experienced by parents to develop children’s heritage language (HL) proficiency. Originality: The findings contradict previous studies, which reported the predominance of monoglossic language ideologies among middle-class parents. They suggest that parental language beliefs may have evolved and that a translingual ideology is making its way into multilingual families. Significance/implications: The study suggests that practical support in the form of additional sources of HL input, rather than theoretical guidance, would be required for parents to embrace flexible language management at home. The present study findings also highlight the dilemma parents face between prioritising their children’s bilingual development and fostering a harmonious bilingual environment for their families.
Experiences from treating seven adult 5q spinal muscular atrophy patients with Nusinersen
Authors: Jochmann Elisabeth , Steinbach Robert , Jochmann Thomas , Chung Ha-Yeun , Rödiger Annekathrin , Neumann Rotraud , Mayer Thomas E. , Kirchhof Klaus , Loudovici-Krug Dana , Smolenski Ulrich C. , Witte Otto W. , Grosskreutz Julian 
Published: March 2020

Background: The antisense oligonucleotide Nusinersen recently became the first approved drug against spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). It was approved for all ages, albeit the clinical trials were conducted exclusively on children. Hence, clinical data on adults being treated with Nusinersen is scarce. In this case series, we report on drug application, organizational demands, and preliminary effects during the first 10 months of treatment with Nusinersen in seven adult patients. Methods: All patients received intrathecal injections with Nusinersen. In cases with severe spinal deformities, we performed computed tomography (CT)-guided applications. We conducted a total of 40 administrations of Nusinersen. We evaluated the patients with motor, pulmonary, and laboratory assessments, and tracked patient-reported outcome. Results: Intrathecal administration of Nusinersen was successful in most patients, even though access to the lumbar intrathecal space in adults with SMA is often challenging. No severe adverse events occurred. Six of the seven patients reported stabilization of motor function or reduction in symptom severity. The changes in the assessed scores did not reach a significant level within this short time period. Conclusions: Treating adult SMA patients with Nusinersen is feasible and most patients consider it beneficial. It demands a complex organizational and interdisciplinary effort. Due to the slowly decreasing motor functions in adult SMA patients, long observation phases for this recently approved treatment are needed to allow conclusions about effectiveness of Nusinersen in adults.
Understanding transitional care provided to older adults with and without dementia: A mixed methods study
Authors: Prusaczyk Beth , Fabbre Vanessa , Morrow-Howell Nancy , Proctor Enola 
Published: March 2020

Introduction There are numerous effective transitional care interventions yet they are not routinely implemented. Furthermore, few interventions exist for older adults with dementia. A first step in developing effective interventions for dementia patients and increasing intervention uptake for all patients is to understand the current delivery process of transitional care. Methods A mixed methods study using an explanatory multiphase design was conducted. Guided by provider interviews, medical charts were reviewed to collect information on the day-to-day transitional care being delivered to older adults. Then providers were interviewed again to assess the accuracy of those results and provide context. Results The medical charts of 210 older adults (126 with dementia and 84 without) were reviewed and nine providers representing various professional roles including social work, nursing, and case management were interviewed. Social workers and case managers were primarily involved in discharge planning, communicating with providers outside the hospital, advanced care planning, providing social and community supports, and making follow-up appointments. Registered nurses were the primary providers of patient education and medication safety while physicians were primarily involved in ensuring that necessary information was available in the discharge summary and that it was available in the chart. Discussion This study found distinct patterns in the delivery of transitional care, including the unique roles nursing, social work, and case management have in the process. Furthermore, these patterns were found to differ between patients with and without dementia. These findings are both consistent and inconsistent with the existing literature on transitional care interventions.
A digital health weight-loss intervention in severe obesity
Authors: Senecal Conor , Collazo-Clavell Maria , Larrabee Beth R , de Andrade Mariza , Lin Weihua , Chen Bing , Lerman Lilach O. , Lerman Amir , Lopez-Jimenez Francisco 
Published: March 2020

Introduction Severe obesity is a growing epidemic that causes significant morbidity and mortality, and is particularly difficult to reverse. Efficacious and cost-effective interventions are needed to combat this epidemic. This study hypothesized that obese people (body mass index (BMI) ≥35 kg/m2) using a remote weight-loss program combining a mobile application, wireless scales, and low-calorie meal replacement would experience clinically significant weight loss. Methods This study was a retrospective observational analysis of 8275 individuals with a baseline BMI ≥35 kg/m2 who used a remote weight-loss program combining mobile applications, frequent self-weighing, and calorie restriction via meal replacement for a minimum of 35 days. Weight changes were evaluated at multiple intervals (42, 60, 90, and 120 days), and weight loss was evaluated for all and for pre-specified subgroups based on demographic features and frequency of self-weighing. Results Mean weight loss at 42 days ( N = 6781) was 8.1 kg (margin of error (MOE) = 0.126 kg) with 73.6% of users experiencing >5% total body weight loss. Both men (9.1 kg; MOE = 0.172 kg; 7.9% from baseline) and women (7.1 kg; MOE = 0.179 kg; 7.2% from baseline) experienced significant weight loss. At the 120-day interval ( N = 2914), mean weight loss was 14 kg (MOE = 0.340 kg), 13% total body weight loss from baseline, and 82.3% of participants had lost >5% of their initial body weight. The decrease in body-fat percent correlated well with weight loss ( R = 0.92; p < 0.001). Conclusions In a large cohort of individuals with class II or III obesity, a remote weight-loss program combining mobile applications, daily self-weighing, and calorie restriction via meal replacement resulted in dramatic weight loss among subjects who were active users when evaluated through a retrospective observational analysis.
Facilitating Women Prosperity with Higher Purpose at Vyomini
Authors: Mishra Oly , Sharma Richa , Agrawal Bindu 
Published: March 2020

The theory of conscious capitalism is based on the idea that when business is done consciously, it promotes humanity intrinsically. This philosophy is rooted in the four tenets of higher purpose, stakeholder integration, conscious leadership and conscious culture and management as given by Mackey and Sisodia (2013). All social entrepreneurs are motivated by a higher purpose to provide sustainable solutions to neglected problems with the help of positive externalities (Santos, 2012). They have the capacity to envision, share and execute the deep-seated higher purpose (Mourkogiannis, 2006). Such a higher purpose with a social angle has been depicted in the case of Vyomini. The case is about a social entrepreneur Prachi Kaushik, the founder of Vyomini. She works for menstrual health and hygiene of unprivileged and rural women in India. Prachi’s constant endeavour was to create an ecosystem for the economic and social upliftment of these women through financial inclusion and livelihood training. She understood the problem, empathized with the women and provided a simple, economical manufacturing technique using locally available, biodegradable raw materials to provide an inclusive solution. This case describes her journey in creating an innovative business model by the adoption of design thinking and implementation of higher purpose in the business. Dilemma: For ensuring menstrual health and hygiene among less privileged rural women should the sanitary napkins of big brands be distributed at a subsidized cost or design and develop a special product suitable for this segment of the market? Theory: Entrepreneurial inclusive business model Type of the case: Experience-based applied single case study Protagonist: The owner of the firm Options Distribute existing brands at a subsidized cost. Develop a new product that is biodegradable, free of carcinogenic compounds and cost-effective. Get it manufactured by subcontractors. The design also a cost-effective manufacturing process and empower women of less privileged background to manufacture and sell. Discussions and Case Questions How can the sources of supply and manufacturing be made robust so that they can be scaled up? Should the product be offered to different segments of the market with differential pricing? In order to expand reach, which channels should be added for a taboo product like sanitary napkins?
Role of Multiple Stakeholders in Value Co-creation and Effects on Medical Tourism
Authors: Chakraborty Prabal , Poddar Moumita 
Published: March 2020

Medical tourism is a continuously growing industry, and hospitals of the home country are the service providers for the foreign patients. Hospitals are focusing on quality improvement, infrastructure development, networking, and cost minimizations to attract foreign patients due to stiff competitions. Prahalad and Ramaswamy (2004) explained value co-creation, which ultimately achieved through Dialogue, Access, Risk, Transparency) DART concept. Another seminal research in this arena is the development of “service-dominant logic” concept by Vargo and Lusch (2004). The purpose of this article is to understand the collaboration of multiple stakeholders in co-creation process in the context of healthcare sector, which ultimately effects medical tourism. Our study also suggests a model that demonstrates the relationship between the factors responsible for brand co-creation in medical tourism and patient retention in multispecialty hospitals. We took help from past literatures to frame the model. Our study conceptualizes the collaboration of multiple stakeholders for value co-creation in the healthcare sector which ultimately affects Medical Tourism and proposes a framework. This study also examines role of patients and multiple stakeholders in value co-creation process and model we proposed where we explained the factors responsible for brand co-creation in medical tourism and patients’ retention. The result of the study—in line with the study performed by Dijk, Antonides, and Schillewaertz (2014), we may conclude that “co-creation has an element in marketing and branding strategies of an organization.”
Leber Congenital Amaurosis With Coats-Like Reaction and 3 Novel Sequence Variants: A Short Report
Authors: Tavakoli Mehdi , Huang Amy M. , Cernichiaro-Espinosa Linda , Santiesteban Carlos E. Mendoza , Berrocal Audina M. 
Published: March 2020

Purpose: This report discusses a patient with Leber congenital amaurosis who presented with severe bilateral Coats-like reaction and 3 novel sequence variants in 2 different genes. Methods: The patient underwent complete ophthalmic and retinal evaluations including fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography as well as genetic studies. She was treated with intravitreal injection of intravitreal bevacizumab and laser photocoagulation. Results: Genetic analysis of the patient identified 2 novel sequence variants in the CEP290 (centrosomal protein 290) gene and another novel sequence variant in the RPGRIP1 (RPGR interacting protein 1) gene. Conclusions: The clinical presentation of Coats-like reaction in Leber congenital amaurosis can be associated with sequence variants in certain genes. The presence of multiple gene sequence variants in this patient may have contributed to the severity of disease.
Effects of adopting the Global Lung Function Initiative 2017 reference equations on the interpretation of carbon monoxide transfer factor
Authors: Brazzale Danny J. , Seccombe Leigh M. , Welsh Liam , Lanteri Celia J. , Farah Claude S. , Ruehland Warren R. 
Published: March 2020

The recently published Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) carbon monoxide transfer factor (TLCO) reference equations provide an opportunity to adopt a current, all-age, widely applicable reference set. The aim of this study was to document the effect of changing to GLI from commonly utilised reference equations on the interpretation ofTLCOresults.33 863TLCOresults (48% female, 88% Caucasian, n=930 aged <18 years) from clinical pulmonary function laboratories within three Australian teaching hospitals were analysed. The lower limit of normal (LLN) and proportion of patients with aTLCObelow this value were calculated using GLI and other commonly used reference equations.The averageTLCOLLN for GLI was similar or lower than the other equations, with the largest difference seen for Crapoequations (median: −1.25, IQR: −1.64, −0.86 mmol·min−1·kPa−1). These differences resulted in altered rates of reducedTLCOfor GLI particularly for adults (+1.9%versusMillerto −27.6%versusCrapo), more so than for children (−0.8%versusKimto −14.2%versusCotes). For adults, the highest raw agreement for GLI was with Millerequations (94.7%), while for children it was with Kimequations (98.1%). Results were reclassified from abnormal to normal more frequently for younger adults, and for adult females, particularly when moving from Rocato GLI equations (30% of femalesversus16% of males).The adoption of GLITLCOreference equations in adults will result in altered interpretation depending on the equations previously used and to a greater extent in adult females. The effect on interpretation in children is less significant.
Adipose-derived stromal cells in regulation of hematopoiesis
Authors: Zhang Jing , Liu Yunsheng , Yin Wen , Hu Xingbin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOver the past decade, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) found in the bone marrow microenvironment have been considered to be important candidates in cellular therapy. However, the application of MSCs in clinical settings is limited by the difficulty and low efficiency associated with the separation of MSCs from the bone marrow. Therefore, distinct sources of MSCs have been extensively explored. Adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs), a cell line similar to MSCs, have been identified as a promising source. ASCs have become increasingly popular in many fields, as they can be conveniently extracted from fat tissue. This review focuses on the properties of ASCs in hematopoietic regulation and the underlying mechanisms, as well as the current applications and future perspectives in ASC-based therapy.
Bacteria increase host micronutrient availability: mechanisms revealed by studies in C. elegans
Authors: Maynard Claire , Weinkove David 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMicronutrients cannot be synthesized by humans and are obtained from three different sources: diet, gut microbiota, and oral supplements. The microbiota generates significant quantities of micronutrients, but the contribution of these compounds to total uptake is unclear. The role of bacteria in the synthesis and uptake of micronutrients and supplements is widely unexplored and may have important implications for human health. The efficacy and safety of several micronutrient supplements, including folic acid, have been questioned due to some evidence of adverse effects on health. The use of the simplified animal-microbe model,Caenorhabditis elegans, and its bacterial food source,Escherichia coli,provides a controllable system to explore the underlying mechanisms by which bacterial metabolism impacts host micronutrient status. These studies have revealed mechanisms by which bacteria may increase the bioavailability of folic acid, B12, and iron. These routes of uptake interact with bacterial metabolism, with the potential to increase bacterial pathogenesis, and thus may be both beneficial and detrimental to host health.
Males benefit more from cold water immersion during repeated handgrip contractions than females despite similar oxygen kinetics
Authors: Baláš Jiří , Kodejška Jan , Krupková Dominika , Giles David 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of different water immersion temperatures on handgrip performance and haemodynamic changes in the forearm flexors of males and females. Twenty-nine rock-climbers performed three repeated intermittent handgrip contractions to failure with 20 min recovery on three separate laboratory visits. For each visit, a randomly assigned recovery strategy was applied: cold water immersion (CWI) at 8 °C (CW8), 15 °C (CW15) or passive recovery (PAS). While handgrip performance significantly decreased in the subsequent trials for the PAS (p < 0.05), there was a significant increase in time to failure for the second and third trial for CW15 and in the second trial for CW8; males having greater performance improvement (44%) after CW15 than females (26%). The results indicate that CW15 was a more tolerable and effective recovery strategy than CW8 and the same CWI protocol may lead to different recovery in males and females.
Identification of methylation states of DNA regions for Illumina methylation BeadChip
Authors: Luo Ximei , Wang Fang , Wang Guohua , Zhao Yuming 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Methylation of cytosine bases in DNA is a critical epigenetic mark in many eukaryotes and has also been implicated in the development and progression of normal and diseased cells. Therefore, profiling DNA methylation across the genome is vital to understanding the effects of epigenetic. In recent years the Illumina HumanMethylation450 (HM450K) and MethylationEPIC (EPIC) BeadChip have been widely used to profile DNA methylation in human samples. The methods to predict the methylation states of DNA regions based on microarray methylation datasets are critical to enable genome-wide analyses.

Result
We report a computational approach based on the two layers two-state hidden Markov model (HMM) to identify methylation states of single CpG site and DNA regions in HM450K and EPIC BeadChip. Using this mothed, all CpGs detected by HM450K and EPIC in H1-hESC and GM12878 cell lines are identified as un-methylated, middle-methylated and full-methylated states. A large number of DNA regions are segmented into three methylation states as well. Comparing the identified regions with the result from the whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) datasets segmented by MethySeekR, our method is verified. Genome-wide maps of chromatin states show that methylation state is inversely correlated with active histone marks. Genes regulated by un-methylated regions are expressed and regulated by full-methylated regions are repressed. Our method is illustrated to be useful and robust.

Conclusion
Our method is valuable for DNA methylation genome-wide analyses. It is focusing on identification of DNA methylation states on microarray methylation datasets. For the features of array datasets, using two layers two-state HMM to identify to methylation states on CpG sites and regions creatively, our method which takes into account the distribution of genome-wide methylation levels is more reasonable than segmentation with a fixed threshold.
A framework using topological pathways for deeper analysis of transcriptome data
Authors: Zhao Yue , Piekos Stephanie , Hoang Tham H. , Shin Dong-Guk 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Pathway analysis is one of the later stage data analysis steps essential in interpreting high-throughput gene expression data. We propose a set of algorithms which given gene expression data can recognize which portion of sub-pathways are actively utilized in the biological system being studied. The degree of activation is measured by conditional probability of the input expression data based on the Bayesian Network model constructed from the topological pathway.

Results
We demonstrate the effectiveness of our pathway analysis method by conducting two case studies. The first one applies our method to a well-studied temporal microarray data set for the cell cycle using the KEGG Cell Cycle pathway. Our method closely reproduces the biological claims associated with the data sets, but unlike the original work ours can produce how pathway routes interact with each other above and beyond merely identifying which pathway routes are involved in the process. The second study applies the method to the p53 mutation microarray data to perform a comparative study.

Conclusions
We show that our method achieves comparable performance against all other pathway analysis systems included in this study in identifying p53 altered pathways. Our method could pave a new way of carrying out next generation pathway analysis.
OffScan: a universal and fast CRISPR off-target sites detection tool
Authors: Cui Yingbo , Liao Xiangke , Peng Shaoliang , Tang Tao , Huang Chun , Yang Canqun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The Type II clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) is a powerful genome editing technology, which is more and more popular in gene function analysis. In CRISPR/Cas, RNA guides Cas nuclease to the target site to perform DNA modification.

Results
The performance of CRISPR/Cas depends on well-designed single guide RNA (sgRNA). However, the off-target effect of sgRNA leads to undesired mutations in genome and limits the use of CRISPR/Cas. Here, we present OffScan, a universal and fast CRISPR off-target detection tool.

Conclusions
OffScan is not limited by the number of mismatches and allows custom protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM), which is the target site by Cas protein. Besides, OffScan adopts the FM-index, which efficiently improves query speed and reduce memory consumption.