bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and microbiology of Gram-negative bloodstream infections in a tertiary-care hospital in Beijing, China: a 9 -year retrospective study
Authors: Liang Zhixin , Zhu Qiang , Zhu Minghui , Li Chunyan , Li Lina , Guo Mingxue , Yang Zhen , Zhang Zhaorui 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background

Gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs) are serious diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality. The following study examines the incidence, clinical characteristics and microbiological features, drug resistance situations and mortality associated with gram-negative BSIs at a large Chinese tertiary-care hospital in Beijing, China.
Methods

A retrospective cohort study of patients with gram-negative BSIs was performed between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018, at the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital. The patients’ data were collected and included in the reviewing electronic medical records.
Results

A total of 6867 episodes of gram-negative BSIs occurred among 3199 patients over 9 years, and there were 3032 significant BSI episodes 77% of these cases were healthcare-associated, while 23% were community-associated. The overall incidence of gram-negative BSIs fluctuated from 2.30 to 2.55 episodes per 1000 admissions over 9 years. Malignancy was the most common comorbidity and indwelling central intravenous catheter was the most common predisposing factor for gram-negative BSI. Escherichia coli were the major pathogen (34.3%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.3%) and other bacterial pathogens (9.9%). The resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to penicillins were more than 90%. and the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to the most antibiotic were more than 70% include the Carbapenem. The resistance of ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli to the most antibiotic was higher than non-ESBLs producing Escherichia coli but to Carbapenems(0.7% VS 5.1%). The rates of Carbapenems resistance of ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and non-ESBLs producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were 32.8% and 8.1%. The rates of Carbapenems resistance of Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 1.4% and 27.8% respectively. Between 2010 and 2018, the overall mortality of gram-negative BSIs decreased from 11.41–9.05%(X2 = 6.95, P = 0.434). Moreover, the mortality in the ICU decreased from 27.03–14.93%(X2 = 9.61, P = 0.212), while in the general ward fluctuated from 8.85–8.13% that without obvious decrease change(X2 = 9.29, P = 0.232).
Conclusions

The mortality of gram-negative BSIs have showed downward trends. carbapenem antibiotics is still consider the best treatment for patients with Gram-negative BSIs except Acinetobacter baumannii.
Combination role of DAPK methylation in urinary sediment and B ultrasound in evaluating follow-up of urinary bladder cancer
Authors: Wang Linlin , Jiang Fuquan , Li Changfeng , Han Jiansong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is a highly prevalent disease and is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality and cost. This paper aims to explore the combination role of DAPK methylation in urinary sediment and B ultrasound in diagnosing recurrent UBC. Methods: A total of 1021 cases of primary UBC undergone electrocision of bladder tumor through urethra were included and were subjected to follow up every 3 month within 2 years. B ultrasound, DAPK methylation in urinary sediment, examination of exfoliated cells in urine and cystoscopy were performed during the follow up. The data recorded in follow up were subjected to chi-square test and Kappa test. ROC was drawn to evaluate the diagnostic role of each parameter in recurrent UBC. Results: Among the 1021 patients, 115 patients were found with recurrent UBC by cystoscopy and biopsy two years after the operation, and failed to complete the follow up, thus the effective number of follow up was 906. The cystoscopy results were not only consistent with that of B ultrasound (Kappa = 0.785, P < 0.05), but also agreed with that of DAPK methylation in urinary sediment and combination of B ultrasound with DAPK methylation (Kappa = 0.517, P < 0.05, Kappa = 0.593, P < 0.05). ROC curve indicated that the area under curve of combination of B ultrasound with DAPK methylation was 0.922 (sensitivity, 92.86%; specificity, 91.63%; Youden index, 0.845) with negative prediction value of 99.4% which suggested that the recurrent risk would be low in case negative results were obtained. Conclusion: Those data supported that combination of DAPK methylation with B ultrasound has high performance in diagnosing recurrent UBC.
Molecular detection of concurrent infections of Anaplasma sp Omatjenne, Theileria mutans, Babesia bigemina and Anaplasma marginale in calves and yearlings in a tick endemic Guinea savannah ecosystem in Cameroon
Authors: Achukwi Mbunkah Daniel , Sali Ngam , Madder Maxime , Youssouf Mfopit Mouliom , Waingeh Nain Caroline , Kingsley Manchang Tanyi , Daniel Ndzingu Awa , Geysen Dirk 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Ticks infesting animals constitute one of the most important factors limiting profitable livestock production in sub-Saharan Africa and the region is beleaguered by a paucity of data on diseases implicated in high morbidity and mortality in most of its livestock production systems.
Methods

In a tick endemic Guinea savannah ecosystem, ticks infesting calves and yearlings during their first eighteen months of life were collected weekly and morphologically identified. PCR, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and sequencing were applied on DNA of tick-borne pathogens in animal blood buffy coat to amplify and characterize the 16S rRNA genes of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia and 18S rRNA gene for Babesia spp.
Results

Of 31 364 adult ticks, nymphs and larvae collected from the 20 experimental animals, 6525 (20.1%), 7399 (23.6%), 990 (3.2%), 16450 (52.4%) were Amblyomma variegatum, Rhipicephalus spp., other genera, and tick larvae respectively. Tick infestation rates during the rainy season for A.variegatum, Rhipicephalus spp. and larvae were 50.3, 12.4 and 28.3, respectively, while in the dry season the proportions were one, 26.2 and 72.8 respectively. A. variegatum had no effect on haematocrit (P > 0.05) but high Rhipicephalus spp. (Boophilus) infestation rates significantly reduced haematocrit (P < 0.01). All animals had mixed infections of haemoparasites. The effect of season on haematocrit was not significant (P > 0.05). The presence of Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma sp. Omatjenne in the blood significantly reduced haematocrit (p < 0.0001) while Babesia bigemina and Theileria mutans had no effect (P > 0.05). No E. ruminantium was detected. We report for the first time in Cameroon, the detection of Anaplasma sp. Omatjenne and T.mutans infecting all and four of the animals, respectively. Babesia bigemina, and Anaplasma sp.Omatjenne concurrently occurred in all 20 experimental animals, A.marginale in 15 and T.mutans in four. The mean first-time contact periods (in weeks) for B.bigemina, T.mutans, Anaplasma sp.Omatjenne and A.marginale were 15(3–37), 30(9–43), 21(5–55) and 25(7–55) respectively; and they were not significantly different (P > 0.05).
Conclusion

The absence of clinical cases of the four pathogens detected during the study demonstrates an endemically stable situation in the region for these infections. With no clinical data on A.sp. Omatjenne and T.mutans infections in this area, further insights into their epizootiology should be of interest.
The Long-Term Outcome of CT-Guided Pulsed Radiofrequency in the Treatment of Idiopathic Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia: a preliminary multi-center case series
Authors: Luo Fang , Jia Yitong , Shrestha Niti , Wang Xiaodi , Wang Tao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: Safer and minimal invasive treatment options with minor side effects are in great demand for glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN). Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) is a micro-destructive procedure that could be applied repeatedly without irreversible damage to target tissue. However, few studies have reported the long-term clinical outcomes of PRF in the management of idiopathic GPN patients. Methods: We retrospectively investigated the efficacy and safety of computerTomography (CT)-guided PRF in the treatment of 30 patients with idiopathic GPN in a multi-center clinical study. Numeric rating scale (NRS) score was used to evaluate pain intensity before and after PRF treatment. The effective rate was defined as the percentage of patients with NRS reduction of more than 50%. Baseline characteristics, surgical records, initial pain relief, time to take effect, long-term outcomes, patient satisfaction, the incidence of recurrence as well as subsequent treatment choices, intraoperative and postoperative complications were retrieved from electronic medical records.Results: A total of 30 idiopathic GPN patients who received PRF under CT-guidance were included in our study and the initial effective rate was 93.3%. The cumulative proportion of patients with satisfactory pain relief survival was 93.3% at 12 months, 89.6% at 24 months, 85.3% at 36 months, 79.6% at 48 months, 73.0% at 60 months and 72 months, and 54.8% at 84 months, 108 months as well as 120 months. No serious morbidity or mortality were observed in any of the cases. The median patient satisfaction in Likert scale rating was 4.0 (IQR, 3.0-5.0).Conclusion: According to our results, PRF is an effective and safe therapy for patients with idiopathic GPN. This minimally invasive, micro-destructive, neuro-modulatory technique could be a potential intervention of choice for the treatment of GPN patients who respond poorly to pharmacological treatment.
Strategy to preserve function in lower limbs tumors resection. Vascular competence in multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Marchetti Andrea Ascoli , Giulio Lorenzo Di , Oddi Fabio Massimo , Davila Bernardo Orellana , Ciattaglia Riccardo , Ippoliti Arnaldo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
IntroductionAll possible strategy should be adopted to preserve limb function during the definitive removal operation in the case of limbs sarcoma. Multidisciplinary perspective seems to be the ideal choice. The aim of the study is to report our experience gained in collaboration with the IFO oncology orthopedic division and with the operating units of Orthopedics A and B of our institution, reporting the type of intervention, results and complications of the procedures performed.Material and methodsFrom 2011 to 2019, were treated 32 patients affected by primitive and secondary musculoskeletal neoplasm with a mean age of 44 years (14-67 years) in 28 cases (87.5%) were required revascularization. Women accounted for 46.9% (15/32), 53.1% were men (17/32). The preoperative study included a biopsy of the lesion and ultrasonography and CTA with multiplanar reconstructions for the evaluation of the vascular anatomy and neoplasia extension.ResultsThe average postoperative follow-up was 20.1 months. The reconstruction of the vessels has been implemented in 14/32 (43.7%) mainly using the autologous saphenous contralateral vein. The use of the prosthesis was performed in the others cases (with PTFE and Dacron K prosthesis). In 5 cases (15.6%) the patients had lower limb edema, with a distance venous patency of 26/32 (81.2%) and arterial patency of 100%. We had no mortality at 30 days. Two patients underwent VAC therapy. No amputations were performed at 30 days. In 14 patients was performed perioperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy.ConclusionsA long-term evaluation is needed to determine the implications at distance, in patients undergoing radical resection of cancer in which are necessary for skills vascular surgery. The long term result is conditioned by the prognosis of neoplasm. The multidisciplinary approach is always requested.
Correlation between CXCR5 expression and prognosis in stage T1 non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhao Yue , Ding Ningning , Yuan Ligong , Li Feng , Wang Shuaibo , Mao Yousheng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Even if early detection has been applied and proved to be effective, the survival outcomes are still poor. Thus, to find out novel prognostic factors is of great significance to identify high-risk patients and guide individualized precise treatment in order to reduce recurrence and improve survival outcomes.Methods: Tissue samples and clinicopathologic data of 244 stage T1 NSCLC patients were collected. We investigated CXCR5 expression using immunochemical method and analyzed its correlation with pathologic subtypes and prognosis.Results: Elevated level of positive CXCR5 expression was found in tumor tissues (p<0.0001) and patients with positive CXCR5 expression are more likely to have LVIs (p=0.030) and recurrences (p<0.043). Besides, CXCR5 expression is also correlated to histological type and differentiation. Lepidic predominant tumors have significantly lower expression of CXCR5 (p<0.001). Survival analyses showed that patients with positive CXCR5 had a significantly lower DFS (p=0.038) and patients with solid or micropapillary predominant NSCLC had a significantly worse prognosis. CXCR5 expression was proved to be an independent prognostic factor for DFS through multivariate analysis.Conclusions: CXCR5 expression has been proved to be an independent prognostic factor for stage T1 NSCLC patients. In addition, CXCR5 was also found to be relevant to cancer recurrence, and this indicated that CXCR5 may play an important role in lymph node and distant metastasis.
Association between polymorphisms (rs1800896, rs1800872, rs1800871) in IL-10 gene with human immunodeficiency virus 1-infected patients’ susceptibility
Authors: Tai Huiyu , Xiao Li , Zhou Daming , Mi Yuanyuan , Zhang Wei , Yang Song 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is considered to play a role in the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infections, and 3 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), perhaps have an association with HIV-1 risk.
Methods

To find out the above doubt, we performed a comprehensive analysis to assess the relationship between IL-10 polymorphisms and HIV-1. The PubMed database were chosen to identify potential articles through Feb 21, 2020. The odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (OR with 95%CI) was calculated to evaluate the strength of the relationships.
Results

There have 15 different articles including 24 case-control studies including those on three different SNPs in IL-10 for HIV-1 were found. Positive increased or damaged associations were detected for rs1800872C/A with HIV-1 risk in total (such as: OR with 95%CI = 1.22 with 1.02–1.41 for A-allele vs. C-allele model), and Asians (such as: OR with 95%CI = 1.51 with 1.07–1.88 for AA vs. CC model), population-based, PCR-RFLP, sequence subgroups. Moreover, increased associations were also detected between rs1800871C/T SNP (OR with 95%CI = 1.47 with 1.08-2.00 for CC vs. CT + TT model). No association was found for rs1800896.
Conclusion

Our current study indicated that two SNPs (rs1800872C/A and rs1800871C/T) in IL-10 perhaps be potentially associated with the susceptibility for developing HIV-1 infection.
Development and Experimental Research of TBM Integrated Cutter System Based on Topological Structure Theory of Planar Mechanism
Authors: Meng Zhichao , Yang Dongjian , Huo Junzhou , Zhuo Puzhou , Bao Youneng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) is widely used in tunnel construction due to its advantages of high efficiency and environmental friendliness. The cutters distributed on TBM cutterhead are the main tools of TBM for rock breaking. They are easy to wear and need to be replaced frequently. At present, the replacement of TBM cutters entirely depends on manual work. Manual cutters change not only has a terrible operating environment, but also takes a long time, which leads to a large risk of tunnel construction and a long construction period. However, the traditional cutter system (TCS) is not suitable to use robots for disassembly and assembly because it is composed of many parts. Therefore, developing an integrated cutter system (ICS) suitable for robot operation is of great significance to reduce the cycle and cost of tunnel construction, and to facilitate the risk management of tunnel engineering. In this paper, the theory of the planar mechanism topology structure is applied to the early design process of the ICS, and four types of ICS are obtained. Then this article puts forward the evaluation index of the ICS based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is used to evaluate the above four ICS solutions to obtains the optimal ICS. Finally, this paper proposes a dead-point anti-loosening structure for the ICS, and performs related experimental verification. The experimental results show that compared with the TCS, the novel ICS has a greatly reduced cutters change action and a significantly improved fastening performance, which can meet the robot cutters change requirements.
Endogenous retroviruses transcriptomes in response to four avian pathogenic microorganisms infection in chicken
Authors: Dai Manman , Xie Tingting , Feng Min , Zhang Xiquan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are common in the genomes of vertebrates and have been implicated in a variety of host responses such as immunity, phenotypic character and disease occurrence. However, the impact of ERVs on chicken disease is not well understood. In particular, the expression profiles of chicken ERVs (ChERVs) in the infection of pathogenic microorganisms are not clear. Results: In the present study, we systematically identified 436 full-length ChERVs from the chicken genome and analyzed their neighboring genes. Subsequently, ChERV transcriptomes were analyzed in chicken after subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J), avian influenza virus (AIV), Marek’s disease virus (MDV) and avian pathogenic escherichia coli (APEC) infection. We found that about 50%-68% of ChERVs were transcriptionally active in infected-samples and uninfected-samples, although the abundance of most ChERVs is relatively low. Moreover, compared to uninfected-samples, a few ChERVs were significantly differentially expressed in ALV-J (49 ChERVs), AIV (18 ChERVs), MDV (66 ChERVs) and APEC (17 ChERVs) infected-samples. Of these differentially expressed ChERVs, only ChERV-3 was simultaneously down-regulated in the four ERV transcriptomes analysis after ALV-J, AIV, MDV and APEC infection. Further verification experiments found that both the exogenous and endogenous expression of ChERV-3 env gene was inhibited after ALV-J infection in chicken fibroblasts. However, overexpression of ChERV-3 env could induce the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), but did not affect the replication of ALV-J.Conclusions: ChERV transcriptome was analyzed in chicken tissues after ALV-J, AIV, MDV and APEC infection. ChERV-3 was all significantly down-regulated in 4 ChERV transcriptomes after ALV-J, AIV, MDV and APEC infection. The envelope protein of ChERV-3 can induce the expression of host ISGs, but appears to have no influence on the replication of ALV-J. To our knowledge, this study is the first systematic analysis of the expression profile of chicken endogenous retroviruses after avian pathogens infection. These findings may be of significance for understanding the role and function of ChERVs to response the pathogenic microorganism infection.
Maternal pre-pregnancy underweight as a risk factor for mother and child: analysis of the birth cohort Survey of Neonates in Pomerania I
Authors: Domanski Grzegorz , Lange Anja Erika , Ittermann Till , Fallenberg Jonas , Allenberg Heike , Zygmunt Marek Tadeusz , Heckmann Matthias 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of pre-pregnancy underweight (BMI (body mass index) <18.5 kg/m²) varies between 3% in Europe and 17% in Asia. Illness and low socioeconomic status may be associated with pre-pregnancy underweight which then may result in adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcome.Methods: We analysed pre-pregnancy BMI categories using data from the population-based birth cohort Survey of Neonates in Pomerania 2002-2008 (SNiP) in north-eastern Germany. Multivariable regression analyses adjusted for confounding were used to investigate a) socio-economic risk factors for underweight before pregnancy and b) associations of underweight with pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.Results: Chronic pre-pregnancy diseases were not more frequent in underweight pregnant women. Bivariate analyses showed that underweight women were younger by three years (p<0.001), smoked twice as often (p<0.001), and less likely graduated from high school (p<0.001) compared to women with normal weight. The former were more often unemployed (p<0.001) and had lower available net-income (p<0.001). However, multivariable regression analysis adjusted for confounders revealed that only a younger age (0.90 (0.88-0.92) and smoking (RR 2.52 (1.89-3.41) remained associated with underweight. Compared to women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI, underweight women had an increased risk of premature labour (OR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.29-2.36) and a reduced placental weight. No association was found between pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, mode of birth and pre-pregnancy underweight. The offspring of underweight women had an increased risk of late preterm birth (OR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.17-2.73) or birth with birth weight <2500g (OR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.24-3.21).Conclusions: Smoking during pregnancy and a younger age were identified as risk factors for maternal pre-pregnancy underweight which then was associated with preterm birth and low birth weight. Targeted measures like smoking cessation programs and counselling young women about the risk of staying too slim particularly for the offspring may improve outcome.
Fingolimod alters intrathecal B cell maturation in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Kowarik Markus C. , Astling David , Lepennetier Gildas , Ritchie Alanna , Hemmer Bernhard , Owens Gregory P. , Bennett Jeffrey L. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: B cells are postulated to play multiple roles in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) including pathogenic antibody production, antigen-presentation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Natalizumab and fingolimod are effective MS therapies that disrupt lymphocyte migration but exert differential effects on B cell maturation and trafficking. Herein, we investigated their effects on peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) B cell repertoires.Methods: Paired CSF and peripheral blood (PB) lymphocytes were collected from MS patients at baseline and after 6 months of treatment with fingolimod (n = 4) or natalizumab (n = 4). B cell subsets including naïve, CD27+ memory, CD27-IgD- double-negative B cells and plasmablasts were collected by FACS and their respective heavy-chain variable region (VH) repertoires assessed by next generation deep sequencing (Illumina MiSeq).Results: Treatment with fingolimod lead to a distinct contraction of the PB B cell pool whereas natalizumab resulted in an expansion of circulating PB B cells. In contrast, CSF B cell numbers remained stable under treatment with fingolimod but decreased following natalizumab therapy. Clonal overlap between CSF and peripheral blood B cells was reduced following natalizumab treatment (-24% reduction of clonal groups) but remained stable with fingolimod therapy. Lineage analyses of CSF B cell repertoires at baseline and following therapy revealed large, clonally expanded B cell clusters in natalizumab-treated MS patients but no intrathecal clonal expansion following fingolimod therapy. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that natalizumab treatment diminishes the exchange of peripheral and intrathecal B cells but does not impact intrathecal clonal expansion. In contrast, fingolimod treatment fails to alter B cell exchange across the blood-brain-barrier but affects intrathecal clonal expansion. Sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor inhibition may impact MS disease progression by inhibiting intrathecal germinal center activity.