bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental Health Literacy of Pharmacy Students Compared to Nursing and Medical Students
Authors: Devraj Radhika , Gupchup Gireesh V , Henson David 
Published: October 2019

Objectives: To determine and compare the mental health literacy of pharmacy, nursing, and medical students.
Methods: Pharmacy, nursing, and medical students in the final year of their didactic program were administered a widely used mental health literacy questionnaire either via paper (nursing) or via email (pharmacy and medicine). For email questionnaires, weekly reminder emails with links for survey completion were sent over a three-week period. The questionnaire consisted of a vignette describing either depression or schizophrenia followed by items about helpfulness of a variety of interventions, medications, and activities. Depression and schizophrenia versions of the questionnaire were randomly administered to respondents in the three programs such that respondents received either male (John) or female (Jane) versions of the vignettes.
Results: A total of 161 out of 253 potential students responded to the survey (63.6% response rate). Majority of the respondents were female (75%), white (84.6%), had currently or in the past year interacted with people diagnosed with mental disorders (90%), and had multiple opportunities for exposure to mental health content in their coursework (49%). While a majority of respondents in all three programs correctly identified the vignettes as either depression (87%) or schizophrenia (73%), depression was identified correctly by a greater percent of those in pharmacy (88.5%) and nursing (88.4%), and schizophrenia was identified by a greater percent in medicine (82%). However, there were no significant differences by program type for correct identification of vignette. Helpfulness of various interventions, medications, and activities did not differ significantly for the depression vignette. Two significant differences by program type were noted for the schizophrenia vignette. A larger percent (72%) of nursing students perceived antidepressants as helpful for schizophrenia as compared to pharmacy (55%) and medical (18%) students. Students from all three programs responded similarly to the question on likely prognosis for those with depression/schizophrenia, both with and without professional help (p>0.01).
Conclusions: Majority of students in each discipline were able to correctly identify patients with depression or schizophrenia and have similar levels of mental health literacy. The profile of responses suggest that pharmacy and nursing students were more clear about helpfulness of interventions for depression, than for schizophrenia. Given the extent of the problem of mental health, additional and continuously reinforced training on mental health throughout the four-year curriculum is necessary for first line providers such as pharmacists, nurses, and physicians.

Article Type: Original Research
Primary gold mineralization in the Lisungwe Valley area, Kirk Range, southern Malawi
Authors: Chisambi J. , von der Heyden B. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A conspicuous paucity in gold resources in Malawi’s mineral inventory may be partially attributed to a general low resolution in the knowledge of Malawi’s geology, coupled with historical under-exploration for this important economic commodity. To address this knowledge gap, the present study focusses on developing a regional, local and microscopic understanding of the characteristics of gold occurrences in the mineralized Little Chisumbwiti river valley, located in the Kirk Range region which forms part of Southern Irumide mobile belt in southern Malawi. Regional scale interpretations are afforded by in-depth investigation of airborne geophysical data, which are then supported by ground geological mapping and by microscopic observations using optical and electron microscopy, and X-ray computed tomography (XCT). Structural mapping and regional geophysics indicate that the area has been affected by at least two periods of deformation (D1 to D2). The D1 deformation event is characterized by northwest – southeast directed crustal shortening (tentatively associated with the Southern Irumide orogeny) which produced northeast – southwest structures. Gold mineralization in the Little Chisumbwiti river valley is hosted in northeast – southwest trending quartz—sulphide vein sets, where it occurs as flakes ranging in size between 0.24 and 4 mm. The gold is associated with a paragenetically-late pyrite-chalcopyrite-sphalerite generation of sulphide precipitation, and to a lesser extent, with sericitised biotite schist wall rock. Exploration in the Kirk Range region should focus on the northeast-southwest structures, which represent potential conduits for fluid flow during the D1-related hypogene Au mineralization event, however the impacts of subsequent D2 deformation must also be considered. Locally, wall rock lithology (e.g., Fe (II)-rich biotite schists) may have an additional second order control on the siting of gold mineralization. The new insights reported in this study contribute meaningfully towards advancing the status of Malawi’s regional geology and should serve as a useful resource for future exploration efforts undertaken in the Kirk Range, and in other parts of south/central Malawi occurring within the Southern Irumide tectonic block.
Strategies for Learning Foreign Languagesamong Professionals
Authors: Calaivanane R. , Hameed M A Mohamed Sahul , Srinivasan R 
Published: October 2019

Language teaching and learning has, as a matter of fact, on par with subject teaching and learning, gained importance in universities in view of the tremendous developments in science and technology. Candidates, irrespective of their disciplines of study, are considered potential, if they have language competence. This research paper titled “Strategies for Learning Foreign Languages in Engineering Aspects” begins with an introduction on the importance of enhancing language abilities, discusses, in detail, the existing methodologies in language teaching-learning and the shortcomings encountered by the teachers and the taught in implementing the methods and approaches. The paper, besides highlighting the academic and professional requirements on the part of the candidates in the global market, lays stress on certain down-to-earth strategies that could be experimented and implemented for the benefit of teaching and learning foreign languages.
Ulupınar Çayı ve Olimpos Deresi (Antalya) Su Kalitesinin Fizikokimyasal Parametrelere ve Epilitik Diyatomlara Göre Belirlenmesi
Authors: YAY Tuba Elif , ÖZEL Bahadır , TEKİN ÖZAN Selda 
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada, turizm
açısından büyük öneme sahip olan Ulupınar Çayı ve Olimpos Deresi’nin diyatom
florası ve fizikokimyasal parametrelere göre su kalitesinin belirlenmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Ulupınar Çayı üzerinde 4
adet ve Olimpos Deresi üzerinde 2 adet olmak üzere toplam 6 istasyon
belirlenerek mevsimsel olarak arazi çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Biyolojik oksijen ihtiyacı (BOİ5), amonyum azotu (NH4-N),
nitrit azotu (NO2-N), nitrat azotu (NO3-N), klorür (Cl-),
sıcaklık (˚C), çözünmüş oksijen (mg/l), pH ve elektriksel iletkenlik (μS/cm)
ölçümleri yapılmış ve Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği (YSKY)’ne göre su kalite
sınıfları belirlenmiştir. Epilitik diyatomlara göre su kalite sınıfları
değerlendirilirken GDI, TDI, SI, TI, TDI
ve DI-CH kullanılmıştır. Belirlenen taksonların istasyonlar açısından
farklılığını veya benzerliğini ortaya koymak için Sørensen benzerlik ve Margalef
çeşitlilik analizleri yapılmıştır. YSKY’ye göre OD1’in genellikle II. kalite
sınıfında, diğer istasyonların ise genellikle I. kalite sınıfında olduğu
saptanmıştır. Bu çalışmada epilitik diyatomlardan 33 cinse ait 64 takson tespit
edilmiştir. En fazla türe sahip olan cins 8 tür ile Nitzschia olmuştur. Çalışmadaki en baskın takson Achnanthidium minutissimum (Kützing)
Czarnecki olmuştur. Epilitik diyatomlara göre UÇ1, UÇ2 ve OD2’nin genellikle
I-II. kalite sınıfında, UÇ3 ve UÇ4’ün genellikle II. kalite sınıfında, OD1 ise
I. kalite sınıfında belirlenmiştir.
Türkiye’de Ceviz Üretimi, Dış Ticareti ve Rekabet Gücü
Authors: GÜVENÇ İsmail , KAZANKAYA Ahmet 
Published: October 2019

Bu
çalışmada Türkiye meyveciliğinde önemli bir yere sahip olan cevizin üretimi,
dış ticareti ve rekabet gücü incelenmiştir.
Türkiye’de 2017 verilerine göre 210 bin ton civarında ceviz üretilmiştir.
Dünya ceviz üretiminin % 5.20’i Türkiye’de üretilmektedir. Türkiye’nin cevizde
yeterlilik durumu 2000’de %93.9 iken 2017’de % 76.7’e düşmüştür. Son yıllarda
Türkiye’nin toplam ceviz ihracatı ve
ithalatı sırasıyla 8.1 ve 66.01 bin ton kadardır. Bu verilere göre Türkiye
ceviz ihtiyacının bir kısmını ithalat yoluyla temin etmektedir. Türkiye ceviz
dış ticaretinde açık veren bir ülke durumundadır. Bunların yanında Türkiye’nin
cevizde rekabet gücü (karşılaştırmalı üstünlüğünün) 2012-2015 döneminde orta
derecede iken 2016 yılında bir avantaja sahip olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bununla
birlikte Türkiye’nin ceviz sektöründe alacağı önlemlerle üretim, yeterlilik,
ihracatta rekabet gücünü artırması mümkündür.
Pemberdayaan anggota PKK Desa Pandau Jaya dalam pembuatan pakan jamu fermentasi untuk meningkatkan kesehatan ikan budidaya
Authors: Syawal Henni , Nuraini Nuraini , Hasibuan Saberina , Syafriadiman Syafriadiman 
Published: October 2019

Desa Pandau Jaya termasuk salah satu desa di Kecamatan Siak Hulu Kabupaten Kampar. Kegiatan pengabdian dilaksanakan bersamaan dengan kegiatan mahasiswa kukerta terintegrasi UNRI tahun 2019 dan bekerjasama dengan mitra (CV Bang Lele Indonesia) dalam kegiatan pengabdian,. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberdayakan anggota PKK dalam pembuatan jamu fermentasi, hasilnya nanti dijual kepada CV Bang Lele Indonesia untuk digunakan dalam pemberian pakan kepada ikan-ikan budidaya sehingga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan, kesehatan dan tahan terhadap penyakit. Metode yang dilakukan adalah, pertama metode ceramah dan diskusi, yakni penyampaian materi yang berhubungan dengan kegiatan pembuatan jamu fermentasi, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan praktek pembuatan jamu, penebaran benih ikan, dan cara pemberian pakan jamu kepada ikan yang telah dipelihara oleh mitra. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini ada dua orang peserta yang telah berhasil melakukan pembuatan jamu fermentasi dan langsung diaplikasikan dalam kegiatan budidaya, sedangkan yang satu orang lagi hanya memproduksi jamu fermentasi dan dijual kepada CV Bang Lele Indonesia. Pengamatan terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan ikan diamati selama dua bulan. Jenis ikan yang dipelihara adalah ikan lele dan nila. Hasil pengamatan terlihat ikan-ikan yang dibudidayakan mengalami pertumbuhan yang cepat, yakni selama 60 hari pemeliharaan terjadi penambahan panjang rata-rata 10 cm dan berat 50 g untuk ikan nila, sedangkan pada lele. 12 cm dan berat 75 g.
Returns to Potato Research Investment in Nepal
Authors: Timsina Krishna P. , Gaire Samaya , Ghimire Yuga N. , Poudel Hema K. , Devkota Deepa , Subedi Sanjiv , Adhikari Surya P. 
Published: October 2019

Agricultural research plays a significant role in increment in productivity and contributes to food security. Very few studies on the impact of public research spending on different sectors and commodities in Nepal has been documented. This study was designed to estimate the adoption lags of improved potato varieties and benefits generated by potato improvement research in Nepal. More specifically, the study answers two basic questions: (i) whether investment in potato research is justifiable? and (ii) how long is it taking to replace old improved varieties? We took public annual potato research investments of Nepal from the Fiscal year 2001 to 2017 from Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC). The household survey was carried out to estimate the potato varieties coverage in Nepal in 2017. Other secondary data were sourced from the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Agricultural and Livestock Development, FAO stat, Nepal Rastra Bank and NARC to complement the analysis. We have used a simple economic framework to estimate the benefits generated from agricultural research. The estimated benefit and cost streams were used to calculate Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) and Net Present Value (NPV). Results showed that the majority of the potato researchers had done research related to crop husbandry (seed production and crop managements); while the limited number of researchers had specialized in breeding activities. The annual growth rate of potato productivity was 214.49 kg per annum per ha which had increased at the rate of 1.76 percent per annum compound growth rate. The results revealed that the average weighted age of improved potato varieties was 21.83 years and each NPR. investment on potato research has given 508 NPR. and NPR. 13760 million NPV at a 12 percent discount factor during the last 17 years. Similarly, the contribution of potato research to GDP and AGDP was found 0.323% and 0.989% respectively. Therefore, future investment and focus should be concentrated on potato research and scaling up activities, and reducing variety adoption lag to obtain additional benefits from potato research investment.
Adoption of improved wheat varieties in eastern and western Terai of Nepal
Authors: Subedi Sanjiv , Ghimire Yuga N. , Adhikari Surya P. , Devkota Deepa , Poudel Hema K. , Sapkota Bidya Kiran 
Published: October 2019

The research was conducted from March to May 2019 for assessment on adoption of improved wheat varieties in two major wheat growing districts of Nepal, Sunsari, and Kailali; one representing eastern and another western Terai. A pre-tested interview schedule was used to collect the primary information; in addition, two Key Informant Surveys were performed. Furthermore, relevant literatures were reviewed for secondary information. The simple random method of sampling was used within the selected areas that were identified in consultation with Agriculture Knowledge Centre and agricultural officials of the local government. Altogether, 194 samples were taken for the purpose of the study, omitting the outliers and incomplete responses. Descriptive statistics, probit regression, and indexing were used for data analysis. Probit econometric model revealed that membership dummy (1% level), age (1% level) number of family members involved in agriculture (1% level), subsidy dummy (5% level), number of schooling years (5%) and loan dummy (10% level) significantly determined the adoption of improved wheat varieties developed after NARC establishment. Furthermore, indexing identified- lack of availability of quality improved seeds (I= 0.80) as the major problem associated with the wheat production followed by poor availability of fertilizers (0.77), labour shortage (0.57), lack of proper irrigation (0.46) and lack of agricultural machines (0.39). The government agricultural institutions should assure access to quality seeds and fertilizers to the farmers; in addition, subsidy on irrigation and agricultural machines allied with agricultural loan to the educated youths could be the point of attraction for wheat cultivation which leads to increased wheat productivity.
Effects of varieties and planting geometries on growth and yield of rain-fed rice in Dailekh, Nepal
Authors: Pariyar Kiran , Sapkota Pradip , Panta Salina , Sharma Sashiram , Karki Tika Bahadur 
Published: October 2019

A study was conducted at outreach sites of Horticulture Research Station, Dailekh with the objective of understanding effects of variety selection and spacing under rain-fed condition, during two rainy seasons of 2016 and 2017. Experiment was conducted in two factorial Randomized Complete Block Design where the research sites were replication itself. First factor was variety, including Khumal-10 and farmer’s variety. The second factor was spacings at (20x20) cm, (20x15) cm, (15x15) cm, and farmer’s practice. Effect of Khumal-10 was significantly superior in each of the parameters studied, except days to heading and maturity. Khumal-10, alone contributed 21.6% more yield compared to the farmer’s variety and also had the tallest plant (127.5 cm) and longest panicle (23.4 cm). Similarly, transplantation at spacing of (15x15) cm was significantly outstanding with 28.6% more grain yield, unlike in transplantation with farmer’s practice. Furthermore, integrated management of rice with Khumal-10 transplanted at spacing of (15x15) cm is recommended for Dailekh condition, since it resulted significantly promising grain yield of 5.5 t/ha, which is 71.9% more in comparison to grain yield from farmer’s variety transplanted in farmers´ practice. Also, the economic benefit was highest with 75.8% more B:C ratio in case of improved variety Khumal-10 transplanted at (15x15) cm spacing.
Agronomic management and climate change scenario simulations on productivity of rice, maize and wheat in central Nepal using DSSAT ver 4.5 crop model
Authors: Amgain Lal Prasad , Dhakal Bishal , Shrestha Umesh , Marasini Srijana 
Published: October 2019

Average productivity of 3.50 t/ha of rice, 2.50 t/ha of maize and 2.45 t/ha of wheat in Nepal have been very less than their potential productivity for which précised agronomic management and changing climatic scenarios have been reported the most challenging factors at present. Cropping system Model (CSM)-Crop Estimation through Resource and Environment Synthesis (CERES)- Rice, Maize and Wheat, embedded under Decision Support System for Agro-technology Transfer (DSSAT) ver. 4.5 was evaluated from a datasets of farmers’ field experimentations of the central Nepal (Terai-Nawalpur and mid-hill-Kaski districts), and showed high sensitivity of model over change in different agronomic management and climate change scenarios. Model calibration was done by using maximum attainable yield treatments for all tested cultivars while validation was accomplished by using the remaining treatments for predicting growth, phenology and yield of all crop cultivars and results were found perfectly matched with the observed results. Further, the different agronomic management options and climate change scenarios as advocated by IPCC for 2020, 2050 and 2080 from base line of 1995 was studied to simulate the growth and yield performance of diverse crop cultivars. The hybrids and short duration cultivars of all three cereals were found more affected due to climate change than the local and long duration crop cultivars. The model simulation results obtained on rice, maize and wheat using DSSAT ver 4.5 model highlighted that there is utmost importance to develop new climate ready crop cultivars to feed the future generation over different climate change scenarios as suggested by IPCC, 2007 and the simulation results should be extrapolated to the major domains of similar agro-ecozones in Nepal. It is suggested that CSM- CERES- model would be reliable and valid approach for getting strategic decision support system especially with regards to the climate change adaptation measures in Nepal.
Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Bartaula Sampurna , Adhikari Anil , Panthi Urbashi , Karki Prabesh , Timalsena Kiran 
Published: October 2019

Genetic variability in a crop population is important for successful plant breeding. Eight cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) genotypes namely Green Long, Simran, Bhaktapur Local, Saihni-2, Ninja-179, Garima, Farmer’s variety and wild genotype were evaluated at Lamahi Municipality, Dang district of Nepal to estimate the magnitude of their genetic variability and heritability. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for growth and yield traits. The estimates of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were highest for weight of fruit whereas traits namely fruit length, fruit diameter and days to maturity had medium value for both GCV and PCV. Broad sense heritability estimates ranged from 0.74 for fruit diameter to 0.98 for days to germination. Fruit yield showed high significant positive correlation with fruit diameter (r= 0.649) and negative significant correlation (r= -0.538) with days to flowering. Traits namely weight per fruit, days of germination, no. of flower and days to flowering can be used effectively in selection process of crop improvement program as they had high GCV, PCV and heritability along with high genetic advance as percentage of mean.
دور الجمعيات الرياضية الجوارية في في الاندماج الاجتماعي للناشئين من خلال الممارسة الرياضية بشقيها التنافسي والترفيهي ضمن المجتمع الجزائري
Authors: Majed Fernan 
Published: October 2019

لقد حاولت هذه الدراسة تقصي دور الجمعيات الرياضية الجوارية في الاندماج الاجتماعي للناشئين من خلال الممارسة الممارسة الرياضية بشقيها التنافسي والترفيهي ضمن المجتمع الجزائري ، و كانت عينة البحث مكونة من 200 منخرط ضمن هذه الجمعيات.
و استخدمنا المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، معتمدين على وسائل البحث التالية:

الملاحظة الأولية
الدراسة الاستطلاعية
المقابلة
الإستبيان.

وكشفت نتائج الدراسة عن دور الجمعيات الرياضية الجوارية التنمية الشاملة والتنشئة الاجتماعية للناشئين من خلال ممارسة النشاط البدني، كما أكدت الدراسة على دور الجمعيات الرياضية الجوارية في تأطير الناشئين وتكوينهم، وعن دور الجمعيات الرياضية الجوارية في ترشيد هم نحو الممارسة الرياضية ، كما أكدت الدراسة على تأثير التسيير الاستراتيجي للجمعيات الرياضية الجوارية في تفعيل التكوين الهادف للناشئين من خلال الممارسة الرياضية.
EFFECTS OF STEP DRILLS USING THE JAPANESE MAT ON SOME FUNCTIONAL, PHYSICAL AND MOTOR VARIABLES OF ELDERLY LADIES 50-55 YEARS
Authors: Al-Bateky Nihad Moneer Othman 
Published: October 2019

The current research aims to prepare a training course using step drills on the Japanese mat to improve some physical, functional and motor variables of elderly women and identify the effects of this training course on some physical, functional and motor variables of elderly women (50-55 years). The researcher used the experimental approach (two-group design) with pre- and post-measurements. Participants (n=20) were all women (50-55 years) without previous participation in sport and were all free of chronic diseases. Participants were randomly divided into two equivalent groups (control=experimental=10). Both groups practice the same warm-up and fitness exercises but only the experimental group practiced the square steps drills on the Japanese mat. Results indicated that:

1. The recommended program improved speed strength as a physical factor in favor of the experimental group
2. The recommended program improved coordination and agility as motor factors in favor of the experimental group
3. The functional factors did not show any significant improvements
4. Performing step drills on Japanese mat led to accurate results in the experimental group