bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathological Complete Response Following Different Neoadjuvant Treatment Strategies for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hoendervangers S. , Burbach J. P. M. , Lacle M. M. , Koopman M. , van Grevenstein W. M. U. , Intven M. P. W. , Verkooijen H. M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Pathological complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is associated with better survival, less local recurrence, and less distant failure. Furthermore, pCR indicates that the rectum may have been preserved. This meta-analysis gives an overview of available neoadjuvant treatment strategies for LARC and analyzes how these perform in achieving pCR as compared with the standard of care.

Methods
Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Central bibliographic databases were searched. Randomized controlled trials in which patients received neoadjuvant treatment for MRI-staged nonmetastatic resectable LARC were included. The primary outcome was pCR, defined as ypT0N0. A meta-analysis of studies comparing an intervention with standard fluoropyrimidine-based chemoradiation (CRT) was performed.

Results
Of the 17 articles included in the systematic review, 11 were used for the meta-analysis. Addition of oxaliplatin to fluoropyrimidine-based CRT resulted in significantly more pCR compared with fluoropyrimidine-based CRT only (OR 1.46), but at the expense of more ≥ grade 3 toxicity. Other treatment strategies, including consolidation/induction chemotherapy and short-course radiotherapy (SCRT), did not improve pCR rates. None of the included trials reported a benefit in local control or OS. Five-year DFS was significantly worse after SCRT-delay compared with CRT (59% vs. 75.1%, HR 1.93).

Conclusions
All included trials fail to deliver high-level evidence to show an improvement in pCR compared with standard fluoropyrimidine-based CRT. The addition of oxaliplatin might result in more pCR but at the expense of more toxicity. Furthermore, this benefit does not translate into less local recurrence or improved survival.
Predictive Ability of C-Reactive Protein in Detecting Short-Term Complications After Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: van Kooten Job P. , Oemrawsingh Arvind , de Boer Nadine L. , Verhoef Cornelis , Burger Jacobus W. A. , Madsen Eva V. E. , Brandt-Kerkhof Alexandra R. M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a potentially curative treatment for peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of postoperative inflammatory biomarkers in assessing complications after CRS and HIPEC.

Methods
A prospective database of 181 patients, who underwent CRS-HIPEC between March 2014 through April 2018 in the Erasmus MC, was retrospectively analyzed. Postoperative complications were defined according to the serious adverse event (SAE) grading system. Levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) count were compared between patients with SAE grade < 3 and SAE grade ≥ 3. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated for CRP and WBC against SAE ≥ 3 and various intra-abdominal complications.

Results
SAE ≥ 3 postoperative complications occurred in 50 patients. From the second until the fifth postoperative day (POD), CRP levels were significantly higher (p = 0.023, p < 0.001, p = 0.002, and p = 0.002, respectively) in these patients. CRP concentrations above 166 mg/L on POD3 (AUC 0.75) and 116 mg/L on POD4 (AUC 0.70) were associated with the highest risk of an SAE ≥ 3. Postoperative WBC levels were not significantly different between patients with SAE < 3 and SAE ≥ 3 complications.

Conclusion
Data from our hospital suggest that CRP levels that continue to rise after POD2 or that are ≥ 166 mg/L at POD3 or ≥ 116 mg/L at POD4, indicate a considerable risk for developing high-grade SAEs. The cut-off values we found can potentially be used as a threshold for additional diagnostic interventions, after they have been validated in external data.
Sedentary Time and Physical Activity in Older Women Undergoing Exercise Training
Authors: WANG XUEWEN , BRENEMAN CHARITY B. , SPARKS JOSHUA R. , BLAIR STEVEN N. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Older adults have low rates meeting the physical activity (PA) guidelines and high sedentary time. Low PA and excessive sedentary time have been linked to adverse health outcomes. Less is known about whether exercise training influences sedentary time and PA in various intensities.

Purpose
This study aimed to examine the effects of a 16-wk aerobic exercise training on time spent being sedentary and on light-intensity PA (LPA) and moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) and step numbers in older women.

Methods
Inactive women (n = 61; age = 65.5 ± 4.3 yr) participated in moderate-intensity walking of either a low or a moderate dose (33.6 and 58.8 kJ·kg−1 body weight per week, respectively). They wore a SenseWear Mini Armband at baseline and at end intervention to determine sedentary, LPA, and MVPA time and step numbers.

Results
Time being sedentary, or spent on LPA and MVPA, did not change differently by exercise groups with different doses (all P values for group–time interaction >0.580). Overall, time being sedentary reduced from baseline to end intervention by approximately 39 min·d−1 (P < 0.001), and LPA increased by 19 min·d−1 (P = 0.003). MVPA time increased (P < 0.001), which was primarily accounted for by the supervised exercise. Interestingly, daily steps increased more in the moderate-dose than the low-dose group (P = 0.023 for group–time interaction; 33.6% and 19.8% median increase in moderate- and low-dose groups, respectively). Also, there were individual differences in these changes.

Conclusion
Results indicated that, on average, older women did not reduce time of LPA or MVPA outside the exercise program or increase sedentary time as a result of participating in the exercise program.
Resistance Training during Chemotherapy with Doxorubicin
Authors: BREDAHL ERIC C. , SHARIF SALAHEDDIN , SIEDLIK JACOB A. , WAGNER MEGHAN K. , TWADDELL MACKENZIE D. , TIGNER ALLISON T. , DOVGAN MATTHEW D. , NAJDAWI WISAM O. , HYDOCK DAVID S. , ECKERSON JOAN M. , DRESCHER KRISTEN M. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Previous research has shown that resistance training (RT) before doxorubicin (DOX) treatment attenuates the decline in muscle dysfunction; however, the effect of RT during DOX treatment is less known.

Purpose
Investigate the effects of RT before and during a 4-wk course of incremental DOX treatment on skeletal muscle function.

Methods
Male, Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 36) were randomly assigned to the following groups: sedentary+saline (SED + SAL), sedentary+DOX (SED + DOX), RT + SAL, or RT + DOX. The RT protocol utilized a raised cage model, which provided progressive hindlimb loading throughout the 14-wk study, whereas SED animals were kept in normal housing. Starting at week 10, DOX-treated animals received 3 mg·kg−1 DOX weekly for 4 wk (12 mg·kg−1 cumulative); whereas SAL-treated groups received 0.9% NaCl as a placebo. Grip strength was recorded at 0, 10, 12, and 14 wk. Ex vivo muscle function was performed on excised soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) from the right hind limb 5 d after the last injection and were analyzed for expression of creatine kinase (CK) and creatine transporters.

Results
SED + DOX–treated animals had significantly lower EDL mass compared with SED + SAL– and RT + DOX–treated animals. Grip strength, EDL maximal force, and EDL force development were significantly lower in SED + DOX–treated animals compared with RT + SAL and SED + SAL. No significant differences in EDL function were found between RT + DOX and RT + SAL animals. DOX treatment reduced expression of CK in the SOL, which abated with RT.

Conclusions
Low-intensity RT may attenuate the decline in skeletal muscle function during incremental DOX treatment.
Skeletal Muscle Mass Is Linked to Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Youth
Authors: WITTEKIND SAMUEL G. , POWELL ADAM W. , OPOTOWSKY ALEXANDER R. , MAYS WAYNE W. , KNECHT SANDRA K. , RIVIN GREGORY , CHIN CLIFFORD 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) measured by oxygen consumption (V˙O2) during exercise is an important marker of health. The traditional method of indexing V˙O2 to total body mass is suboptimal because skeletal muscle mass (SMM), rather than fat and extracellular fluid, is the main contributor to CRF. The traditional estimating equations for peak V˙O2 in youth do not account for this. Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) is a noninvasive method to accurately measure body composition. The objectives of this study were to 1) examine the relationship of body composition indices and peak V˙O2 in healthy children, adolescents, and young adults, and 2) derive an optimized estimating equation incorporating BIA and compare its performance with traditional estimating equations.

Methods
A retrospective, cross-sectional, single-center study of patients <21 yr old referred for exercise testing who did not have underlying cardiovascular disease. All patients underwent BIA immediately before exercise testing. Univariable and multivariable linear regression models were constructed and tested for model performance.

Results
A total of 165 young healthy people (mean age 14 yr, 48% male) were studied. There was a strong and linear relationship between peak V˙O2 and SMM (R
2 = 0.79). The sex difference in SMM explained the most variability in CRF between boys and girls. A generalized equation using SMM (peak V˙O2 = 302 − (23.7 × age) − (50.3 × [female = 1, male = 0]) + (81.8 × SMM)) had superior performance (R
2 = 0.80) compared with estimating equations currently used in clinical practice (R
2 = 0.67).

Conclusions
SMM is a stronger correlate of CRF than is total body mass in youth and may be a better scaling variable to estimate expected peak V˙O2.
A Perspective-Invariant Approach to Nash Bargaining
Authors: Nalebuff Barry 
Published: June 2020

The Nash axioms lead to different results depending on whether the negotiation is framed in terms of gains relative to no agreement or in terms of sacrifices relative to an ideal. We look for a solution that leads to the same result from both perspectives. To do so, we restrict the application of Nash’s IIA axiom to bargaining sets where all options are individually rational and none exceed either party’s ideal point. If we normalize the bargaining set so that the disagreement point is (0, 0) and maximal gains are (1, 1), then any perspective-invariant bargaining solution must lie between the Utilitarian solution and the maximal equal-gain (minimal equal-sacrifice) solution. We show that a modified version of Nash’s symmetry axiom leads to the Utilitarian solution and that a reciprocity axiom leads to the equal-gain (equal-sacrifice) solution, both of which are perspective invariant. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.
O Que é Interdisciplinaridade? Definições mais comuns em Artigos Científicos Brasileiros
Authors: Perez Olívia Cristina 
Published: June 2020

A interdisciplinaridade é uma tendência entre os teóricos que se contrapõem à pesquisa e ao ensino fragmentados. No entanto, não há um consenso sobre o que é a interdisciplinaridade, o que gera dúvidas entre os profissionais que queiram trabalhar de forma interdisciplinar. Partindo dessa constatação, o objetivo da pesquisa é apresentar as concepções mais recorrentes sobre a interdisciplinaridade a partir da análise de artigos científicos que tratam do tema. Por meio da busca na plataforma Scielo por artigos que continham a palavra interdisciplinaridade no seu título, foram identificados 130 resultados, dentre os quais 90 obedeciam aos critérios da pesquisa. Os resultados apontam que a referência sobre a interdisciplinaridade mais retomada é a obra de Hilton Japiassu, e as definições mais comuns remetem à integração entre as disciplinas (métodos e esquemas conceituais) e à superação da fragmentação do conhecimento. Tais resultados demonstram uma aposta na potencialidade da prática interdisciplinar como capaz de mudar a forma como (re)produzimos o conhecimento.Palavras-chave: Interdisciplinaridade. Ciência. Conhecimento.
Low-driving-voltage, polarizer-free, scattering-controllable liquid crystal device based on randomly patterned photo-alignment
Authors: Yuan Yide , Fan Fan , Zhao Chenxiang , Kwok Hoi-Sing , Schadt Martin 
Published: June 2020

In this work, a polarizer-free, electrically tunable liquid crystal device is presented. This device is based on randomly patterned photo-aligned boundaries generating light scattering in an adjacent liquid crystal film. Its transparent on state requires only

7.5

V

r
m
s

driving voltage. Switching from a 49.5% hazy off state into the transparent on state occurs at 1.25 V, with only 1.2% residual haze. The effect exhibits fast rise and decay times of 0.3 ms and 7.2 ms, respectively. Thanks to its field-effect nature and the surface preparation process, zero ohmic low power consumption, fast response times, and steep transmission-voltage characteristics result. Applications are smart windows, light shutters, and/or transparent displays, as well as complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor driven multiplexed displays.
Konfigurasi Fonem pada Leksikon Peralatan Rumah Tangga Tradisional yang Memiliki Kesamaan Medan Makna
Authors: Suryadi M 
Published: June 2020

The aim of this research is to describe the phoneme configuration which is located in the ultima position within the lexicon of traditional household appliances. The phoneme configuration has nuances that mean local wisdom and social intelligence of Javanese ancestors. This type of research is descriptive-qualitative. The research locus is in Pati regency. Data collection methods used were observation and in-depth interviews. The data analysis method used is the distributional method: which is supported by the sorting and comparison techniques. The padan method is used to analyze lexical semantic elements. The findings of the research show that the configuration of the phoneme lexicon of traditional household appliances in the ultima position has a semantic meaning, a philosophical value and a non-arbiteric meaning. The philosophical value is inherent in the configuration of the phoneme lexicon in the ultima position. Non-arbiter forms occur due to messages attached to phoneme configurations in the lexicon.Keywords: Configuration; household appliances; lexicon; phonemes; traditional.IntisariPenelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan konfigurasi fonem posisi ultima pada leksikon peralatan rumah tangga tradisional. Konfigurasi fonem memiliki nuansa arti yang mencerminkan kearifan local dan kecerdasan sosial leluhur Jawa. Jenis penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif. Lokus penelitian di wilayah Kabupaten Pati. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan observasi dan wawancara mendalam. Metode analisis data memanfaatkan metode agih dengan teknik pilah dan teknik banding. Metode padan dimanfaatkan untuk menganalisis unsur semantik leksikal. Hasil temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi fonem yang tersusun dalam leksikon peralatan rumah tangga tradisional memiliki tautan arti semedan makna yang bersifat filosofis dan bersifat non-arbiter. Nilai filosofis melekat konfigurasi urutan fonem leksikon pada posisi ultima. Bentuk nonarbiter terjadi akibat pesan yang melekat pada konfigurasi fonem dalam leksikon.Kata kunci: Fonem; konfigurasi; leksikon; peralatan rumah tangga; tradisional
Realitas Kehidupan dalam Perspektif Antropologis
Authors: Thohir Mudjahirin 
Published: June 2020

to be able to live normally, human being struggle to fulfill their basic needs. The human basic needs are: biological, social, and integrative. Biological needs include: food, clothing, and shelter. Social needs include: interact, cooperate, compete, and social order. Integrative needs include the need for: freedom in justice in accordance with the agreed common reference. So that regularity of life is realized, then guidelines are needes that are concidered true and good. There are five types of guidelines as a reference, namely: constitutive faith, cognitive, evaluative, ethical, and expressive. This is a reference as the ideal culture of society. Although there are such guidelines, but in real practice (real clture) violations often occur, including because of individual or group interest. As in ilustraton, it can be seen in the world of football, the concept of fairplay is manifested in the form of inappropriate actions. Not to mention in the political and economic world. From this angle the concepts of fairness and justice are always warmly studied. This paper discusses about it from the social sciences perspective, especially anthropology. Keywords: Basic need; guideline; ideal culture; real culture; fairplay. Intisari Untuk dapat hidup secara normal, manusia berjuang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasarnya. Kebutuhan-kebutuhan dasar itu ialah kebutuhan biologis, sosial, dan integratif. Kebutuhan biologis meliputi pangan, sandang, dan papan. Kebutuhan sosial meliputi kebutuhan berinteraksi, bekerjasama, dan bersaing. Kebutuhan integratif meliputi nilai-nilai, agar kegiatan bekerja sama maupun bersaing didasari oleh koridor nilai-nilai dan norma hukum yang adil. Untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dasar tersebut, secara ideal (ideal culture) masyarakat manusia memerlukan pedoman yang dianggap benar dan baik. bermuara kepada lima acuan, yaitu: konstitutif, kognitif, evaluatif, etik, dan ekspresif. Meskipun sudah ada pedoman, tetapi dalam kebudayaan riil (real culture) yakni dalam tataran praktik kehidupan, pedoman-pedoman tadi sering dilanggarnya. Dari sinilah nilai dan norma-norma hukum, hampir selalu menjadi ajang perdebatan, sebagaimana ilustrasi konsep fair play dalam pertandingan sepakbola. Tulisan ini mendiskusikan mengenai persoalan adil dan keadilan sosial ditinjau dari perspektif antropologis. Kata kunci: Kebutuhan dasar; acuan; budaya ideal; budaya riil; fairplay.
Analysis of ergonomic and unergonomic human lifting behaviors by using Inertial Measurement Units
Authors: Kuschan Jan , Schmidt Henning , Krüger Jörg 
Published: June 2020

Abstract:
This paper presents an analysis of two distinct human lifting movements regarding acceleration and angular velocity. For the first movement, the ergonomic one, the test persons produced the lifting power by squatting down, bending at the hips and knees only. Whereas performing the unergonomic one they bent forward lifting the box mainly with their backs. The measurements were taken by using a vest equipped with five Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) with 9 Dimensions of Freedom (DOF) each. In the following the IMU data captured for these two movements will be evaluated using statistics and visualized. It will also be discussed with respect to their suitability as features for further machine learning classifications. The reason for observing these movements is that occupational diseases of the musculoskeletal system lead to a reduction of the workers’ quality of life and extra costs for companies. Therefore, a vest, called CareJack, was designed to give the worker a real-time feedback about his ergonomic state while working. The CareJack is an approach to reduce the risk of spinal and back diseases. This paper will also present the idea behind it as well as its main components.
Modular finger and hand motion capturing system based on inertial and magnetic sensors
Authors: Valtin Markus , Salchow Christina , Seel Thomas , Laidig Daniel , Schauer Thomas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract:
The assessment of hand posture and kinematics is increasingly important in various fields. This includes the rehabilitation of stroke survivors with restricted hand function. This paper presents a modular, ambulatory measurement system for the assement of the remaining hand function and for closed-loop controlled therapy. The device is based on inertial sensors and utilizes up to five interchangeable sensor strips to achieve modularity and to simplify the sensor attachment. We introduce the modular hardware design and describe algorithms used to calculate the joint angles. Measurements with two experimental setups demonstrate the feasibility and the potential of such a tracking device.
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Similarity Measures and Their Role in Classification
Authors: Baccour Leila , Alimi Adel M. , John Robert I. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe present some similarity and distance measures between intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs). Thus, we propose two semi-metric distance measures between IFSs. The measures are applied to classification of shapes and handwritten Arabic sentences described with intuitionistic fuzzy information. The experimental results permitted to do a comparative analysis between intuitionistic fuzzy similarity and distance measures, which can facilitate the selection of such measure in similar applications.
Can Fuzzy Relational Calculus Bring Complex Issues in Selection of Examiners into Focus?
Authors: Salunkhe Satish S. , Joshi Yashwant , Deshpande Ashok 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe examinee and the examiner play pivotal roles in the educational grading system. Students’ academic performance evaluation by multiple experts involves epistemic uncertainty, which can be modeled using a fuzzy set theory. How many evaluators/experts are almost similar in their perceptual subjective evaluation of the students answer paper? In other words, how many experts are reliable for a particular evaluation task with a defined possibility level? In this paper, the focus is onobject’s features(students’ marks) as a basis in the subjective evaluation process to identify thedegree of similarityamong the domain experts. The case study reveals that 11 out of 20 evaluators are similar in their decision making of students’ academic performance with possibility (α-level cut, 0.98). The inter-rater reliability (κ-coefficient) among the selected 11 teachers is 0.41, which signifies a fair/moderate agreement in the evaluation process. This paper proposes an approach that is useful for the selection of experts having similar perceptions in judgment. This paper demonstrates a case study showing how it is useful to educational policy makers in the selection of examiners.
Genetic mechanisms of deep-water massive sandstones in continental lake basins and their significance in micro–nano reservoir storage systems: A case study of the Yanchang formation in the Ordos Basin
Authors: Liao Jianbo , Xi Aihua , Liang Sujuan , Zhou Xinping , Li Zhiyong , Di Jun , Zhang Wenting , Wanyan Rong , Yu Pinghui 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Based on field geological surveys of two deep-water sedimentary outcrops in the Yanchang formation of the Ordos Basin, X-ray diffraction analysis, elemental geochemical analysis, and polarizing microscope observations were conducted to investigate the causes of various sedimentary structures inside the massive sand bodies from deep-water debris flow. A genesis model of deep-water debris-flow sandstone is established: during the handling of the mass transport complexes in the basin slope, the soft sandy sedimentary layer with relatively strong shear resistance tears the soft muddy sedimentary layer with weak shear resistance and pulls various clumps inside the muddy layer. Finally, debris-flow massive sandstones with rich sedimentary structures are formed. Through argon ion polishing and field emission scanning electron microscopy, the debris-flow sandstones mainly develop micron-scale pores, and the pore radius is mainly distributed in the range of 1–8 µm. The sedimentary rocks from the semi-deep lake to deep lake facies only have a small number of nano-scale pores, and the pore radius is distributed between 20 and 120 nm.