bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights into DNA‐drug interactions in the era of omics
Authors: Portugal José 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDespite the rise of sophisticated new targeting strategies in cancer chemotherapy, many classic DNA‐binding drugs remain on the front line of the therapy against cancer. Based on examples primarily from the author's laboratory, this article reviews the capabilities of several DNA‐binding drugs to alter gene expression. Research is ongoing about the molecular bases of the inhibition of gene expression and how alteration of the cellular transcriptome can commit cancer cells to die. The development of a variety of omic techniques allows us to gain insights into the effect of antitumor drugs. Genome‐wide approaches provide unbiased genomic data that can facilitate a deeper understanding of the cellular response to DNA‐binding drugs. Moreover, the results of large‐scale genomic studies are gathered in publicly available databases that can be used in developing precision medicine in cancer treatment.
Alveolar mimics with periodic strain and its effect on the cell layer formation
Authors: Radiom Milad , He Yong , Peng‐Wang Juan , Baeza‐Squiban Armelle , Berret Jean‐François , Chen Yong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe report on the development of a new model of alveolar air–tissue interface on a chip. The model consists of an array of suspended hexagonal monolayers of gelatin nanofibers supported by microframes and a microfluidic device for the patch integration. The suspended monolayers are deformed to a central displacement of 40–80 µm at the air–liquid interface by application of air pressure in the range of 200–1,000 Pa. With respect to the diameter of the monolayers, that is, 500 µm, this displacement corresponds to a linear strain of 2–10% in agreement with the physiological strain range in the lung alveoli. The culture of A549 cells on the monolayers for an incubation time of 1–3 days showed viability in the model. We exerted a periodic strain of 5% at a frequency of 0.2 Hz for 1 hr to the cells. We found that the cells were strongly coupled to the nanofibers, but the strain reduced the coupling and induced remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, which led to a better tissue formation. Our model can serve as a versatile tool in lung investigations such as in inhalation toxicology and therapy.
Supply chain collaboration and eco‐innovations: An institutional perspective from China
Authors: Hofman Peter S. , Blome Constantin , Schleper Martin C. , Subramanian Nachiappan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study explores the impact of supply chain collaboration on eco‐innovations in the context of 220 Chinese manufacturing supplier firms involved in global supply chain networks. It investigates how supplier and customer collaborations help firms to enhance product eco‐innovations, and/or process eco‐innovations, and how the institutional context (i.e., regulatory, market, and community pressures) influences these relationships. The structural equation modeling approach is used to analyze the data captured from medium and large manufacturing enterprises in three major sectors: automotive, electronics, and textiles. The results show that community pressure has a positive effect on supplier collaboration, which further leads to enhanced process eco‐innovation. On the other hand, the findings indicate that while market pressure enhances customer collaboration, this does not reinforce product eco‐innovation. Contrary to our expectation, regulatory pressures do not impact supplier or customer collaboration for innovation. Overall, different institutional factors indicate divergent effects on supply chain collaboration and product/process eco‐innovation. The importance of normative pressures, such as those applied through the local community and interest groups, for eco‐innovations in production processes is further discussed as a typical feature of the institutional environment of Chinese supplier firms.
Design of a physical education training system based on an intelligent vision
Authors: Xie Mingqiu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAfter the party's 18th National Party Congress, our party put forward the call to "strengthen physical stress and promote the healthy development of young people's physical and mental health," and prioritized the health of young people at a strategic level. Schools are in an optimal position to cater for the physical and mental development of young people, and the traditional teaching system does not generate interest among students. Physical education (PE) teaching will not be too beneficial. In the proposed PE, it is necessary to continuously innovate the content, methods, and means of teaching. In PE teaching, students' interest in learning should be continuously cultivated so that they can be motivated to participate in physical exercise. With the development of information technology, the school's educational curriculum and teaching methods have also been greatly affected. Modern communication technology, because of the Internet and mobile 4G, has led to breakthrough developments in PE and sports in schools, an intelligent vision based on intelligent vision technology. Sports equipment have been widely used in sports and fitness. For example, the American company Zepp has developed some intelligent vision devices for baseball, tennis, and golf. An athlete can use a lightweight motion sensor to record his or her actions. The relevant data can be uploaded to a server or mobile terminal.
Serum uric acid levels and risk of kidney cancer incidence and mortality: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Dai Xiao‐Yu , He Qiang‐Sheng , Jing Zhong , Yuan Jin‐Qiu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveEpidemiological evidence investigating serum uric acid and kidney cancer risk remains unclear. We conducted this study to examine the relationship between serum uric acid and the incidence and mortality of kidney cancer.MethodsThis is a prospective analysis of 444 462 participants without any cancer from the UK Biobank. Serum uric acid was measured at baseline and the incidence and mortality of kidney cancer was determined through contact with the cancer and death registry. Cox regression models were fitted to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI), adjusting for demography, lifestyle style, comorbidities, and medication use.ResultsWe documented 638 incidence cases and 188 mortality cases of kidney cancer over a median of 6.5 years follow‐up. People with the highest quartile had a 45% increased risk of kidney cancer compared to those with the lowest uric acid quartile (HR 1.45, 95%CI 1.08 to 1.93). Subgroup analyses showed that serum uric acid was associated with cancer risk among females but not among males (Q1 vs Q4: females HR1.47, 95%CI 1.01 to 2.16; males HR 1.19, 95%CI 0.91 to 1.56). Although we found serum uric acid was associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer mortality in age‐stratified model (HR 2.49, 95% CI 1.61 to 3.84), this association disappeared after further adjustment for other confounders.ConclusionsHigh uric acid is associated with a high incidence of kidney cancer, especially in women. More research is needed to confirm our findings.
Breast cancer supplemental screening: Women’s knowledge and utilization in the era of dense breast legislation
Authors: Aminawung Jenerius A. , Hoag Jessica R. , Kyanko Kelly A. , Xu Xiao , Richman Ilana B. , Busch Susan H. , Gross Cary P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundGiven the growth in dense breast notification (DBN) legislation in the United States, we examined the association between different types of DBN laws and supplemental screening behaviors among women.MethodsWe surveyed in March–April 2018 a nationally representative sample of women aged 40‐59 years who received a routine screening mammogram in the past 18 months. Survey items included the following topics regarding supplemental screening: discussing risks or benefits with a provider, knowledge about the risk of false positives, and utilization. We grouped women by state DBN into non‐DBN, generic DBN (mentions breast density but not supplemental screening), DBN that mentions supplemental screening (DBN‐SS), and DBN with mandated insurance coverage for supplemental screening (DBN‐coverage), and estimated adjusted predicted probabilities for supplemental screening behaviors.ResultsOf 1641 women surveyed, 21.3% resided in non‐DBN, 41.2% in generic DBN, 25.8% in DBN‐SS, and 12.5% in DBN‐coverage states. Overall, 23.0% of respondents had discussed supplemental screening with a provider, 11.3% of whom discussed the risks, and 49.5% discussed the benefits. In adjusted analysis, women living in DBN‐coverage states were more likely to discuss supplemental screening (27.5%) than women in non‐DBN states (13.6%); pairwise contrast 13.8% (95% CI, 2.1% to 25.6%; P = .01). They were also more likely to have received supplemental screening for increased breast density (19.3%) compared to women living in non‐DBN (9.9%); contrast 9.4% (95% CI, 1.6% to 17.3%; P = .01), Generic DBN (7.3%); difference 12.0% (95% CI, 4.6% to 19.4%; P =< .001), and DBN‐SS (8.8%); contrast 10.5% (95% CI, 2.6% to 18.5%; P < .01) states.ConclusionsWomen in DBN‐coverage states were more likely to discuss supplemental screening with their providers, and to undergo supplemental screening, compared to women in states with other types of DBN laws, or without DBN laws.
Exosomal microRNA‐4661‐5p–based serum panel as a potential diagnostic biomarker for early‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Cho Hyo Jung , Baek Geum Ok , Seo Chul Won , Ahn Hye Ri , Sung Suna , Son Ju A , Kim Soon Sun , Cho Sung Won , Jang Jeong Won , Nam Suk Woo , Cheong Jae Youn , Eun Jung Woo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCurrently, a reliable serum biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been established, particularly for early‐stage HCC (single tumor < 2 cm). We aimed to investigate diagnostic serum exosomal microRNA (exo‐miR) panel for early‐stage HCC. Driver oncogenic miR (onco‐miR) candidates were selected by integrative analysis of miR expression profiles from three different RNA sequencing datasets of human HCC. Expressions of selected onco‐miRs in serum exosome were measured using quantitative real‐time PCR. Diagnostic performances of serum exo‐miRs for HCC were evaluated in the test cohort (N = 24) and validation cohort (N = 144). Serum exo‐miR panels were developed using a logistic regression model, and their diagnostic performance was evaluated. Six promising driver onco‐miRs, including miR‐25‐3p, miR‐140‐3p, miR‐423‐3p, miR‐1269a, miR‐4661‐5p, and miR‐4746‐5p, were identified by integrative analysis of three different RNA sequencing datasets. Among the six candidates, four serum exo‐miRs (miR‐25‐3p, miR‐1269a, miR‐4661‐5p, and miR‐4746‐5p) showed promising performance in the test cohort with area under the receiving operator curve (AUROC) >0.8. In our validation study, serum exo‐miR‐4661‐5p could diagnose HCC in all stages (AUROC = 0.917), even in early stage (AUROC = 0.923), with a greater accuracy than other candidate serum exo‐miRs and serum AFP. The panel composed of exo‐miR‐4661‐5p and exo‐miR‐4746‐5p was identified as the most accurate biomarker for early‐stage HCC (AUROC = 0.947, 95% confidence interval = 0.889‐0.980, sensitivity = 81.8%, and specificity = 91.7%). In conclusion, exo‐miR‐4661‐5p–based serum panel is a promising diagnostic marker for early‐stage HCC.
Fragment‐Based Discovery of Non‐bisphosphonate Binders of Trypanosoma brucei Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase
Authors: Münzker Lena , Petrick Joy Kristin , Schleberger Christian , Clavel Damien , Cornaciu Irina , Wilcken Rainer , Márquez José A. , Klebe Gerhard , Marzinzik Andreas , Jahnke Wolfgang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTrypanosoma brucei is the causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). Nitrogen‐containing bisphosphonates, a current treatment for bone diseases, have been shown to block the growth of the T. brucei parasites by inhibiting farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS); however, due to their poor pharmacokinetic properties, they are not well suited for antiparasitic therapy. Recently, an allosteric binding pocket was discovered on human FPPS, but its existence on trypanosomal FPPS was unclear. We applied NMR and X‐ray fragment screening to T. brucei FPPS and report herein on four fragments bound to this previously unknown allosteric site. Surprisingly, non‐bisphosphonate active‐site binders were also identified. Moreover, fragment screening revealed a number of additional binding sites. In an early structure–activity relationship (SAR) study, an analogue of an active‐site binder was unexpectedly shown to bind to the allosteric site. Overlaying identified fragment binders of a parallel T. cruzi FPPS fragment screen with the T. brucei FPPS structure, and medicinal chemistry optimisation based on two binders revealed another example of fragment “pocket hopping”. The discovery of binders with new chemotypes sets the framework for developing advanced compounds with pharmacokinetic properties suitable for the treatment of parasitic infections by inhibition of FPPS in T. brucei parasites.
Estimated prevalence and impact of the experience of becoming a victim of exhibitionism and frotteurism in Korea: A general population based study
Authors: Choi Boram , Kim In , Lee Gyu Y. , Kim Sanga , Kim Seung H. , Lee Jin G. , Lim Myung H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractExhibitionism and frotteurism are often considered just nuisance crimes but may cause serious distress to the victims. Previous studies of victim experience have focused on specific groups, such as healthcare professionals or university students. To estimate the prevalence of victimisation by exhibitionism and frotteurism among young general population adults in Korea and to describe the impact of such experiences, trained researchers randomly recruited young adults for face to face interviews at transport hubs and on university campuses. In addition, we posted the questionnaire as a Google survey to a limited number of local websites. Data were analysed descriptively. Of 900 people directly approached, 747 (83%) agreed participation, as did 423 online. These two samples were similar demographically, so combined for analyses. Two hundred and thirty‐five (20%) reported experiencing exhibitionism and 130 (11%) frotteurism. Exposure victims were older (means 23.2:21.1 years) and more likely to be women than frotteur victims. All but two exposure and nine frotteur perpetrators were said to be men. Reporting to police was rare (17 exposure, 2 frotteur); most exposure victims (73%) but under half of frotteur victims told family or friends. All but 15% of each group had bad feelings about the experience, varying by experience type. Ten percent of exposure and 20% of frotteur victims described distress lasting months; more reported enduring behaviour changes, like avoiding subways. Although our sample is unlikely to be wholly representative of the general population, our research examines a broader range of people than previous studies. Most victims of these “nuisance crimes” were distressed by them, and, hitherto less well recognised, at least a fifth of such victims may have long‐term distress. Further research could establish the extent to which support outside the family or friends' group or treatment would be indicated.
Pacemaker need after TAVR: Still a conundrum
Authors: Lisko John C. , Block Peter C. 
Published: June 2020

Key Points
Seven percent of patients (with no history of intraventricular conduction abnormalities) experienced intraprocedural high‐degree Atrioventricular (AV)/complete heart block.
High‐degree/complete heart block was persistent in 64% of patients who developed significant intraprocedural intraventricular conduction abnormalities.
Ninety‐seven percent of patients with persistent high‐degree AV/complete block ultimately required pacemaker implantation.
Emphysematous aortic arch aneurysm infected with Salmonella: A case report
Authors: Akishima Shinji 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInfected aortic aneurysm is a relatively rare disease that is extremely difficult to manage, resulting in a poor prognosis. We rescued a patient with Salmonella‐infected aortic arch aneurysm surrounded with a specific and massive emphysema, despite experiencing aortic rupture, including delayed esophageal perforation after surgery.
Indium Phosphide Quantum Dots Integrated with Cadmium Sulfide Nanorods for Photocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction
Authors: Do Khai H. , Kumar D. Praveen , Rangappa A. Putta , Hong Yul , Reddy D. Amaranatha , Kim Tae Kyu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPhotocatalytic conversion of CO2 into storable fuels is an attractive way to simultaneously address worldwide energy demands and environmental problems. Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have gained prominence as candidates for photocatalytic applications due to their many advantages, which include tunability for advanced electronic, optical, and surface properties. Indium phosphide (InP) quantum dots are semiconducting QDs with enormous potential for solar‐driven CO2 reduction. Their advantages include a tunable bandgap, diverse surface chemistry, and nontoxicity. InP QDs and CdS nanorods were integrated using a simple and inexpensive method. CO2 photoreduction by the CdS‐InP composites was evaluated in aqueous solution using triethanolamine as a sacrificial donor. The crystal structures, surface compositions, and morphologies were investigated via X‐ray diffraction analysis, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The UV‐visible diffuse reflectance spectra of the CdS‐InP composites indicated efficient visible light utilization in the 500–550 nm range. The results of photoelectrochemical and photoluminescence analyses illustrated effective charge separation in the composites. The photocatalytic activity of the as‐synthesized composites was superior to that of pure CdS. The CO evolution rate of the optimized composite was 216 μmol h−1 g−1 during the first three hours of irradiation and increased steadily over the next 62 hours. We also studied the influences of different solvents, the hole scavenger concentration, and catalyst loading on the performance of the optimized composite.
Isothiourea‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Pyrrole‐ and Indole‐Functionalized Tetrasubstituted Pyridines
Authors: Zhang Shuyue , Hartley Will C. , Greenhalgh Mark D. , Ng Sean , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Smith Andrew D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe generation of pyrrole‐ and indole‐functionalized tetrasubstituted pyridines in a one‐pot process from 2‐(pyrrol‐1‐yl)acetic acid or 2‐(indol‐1‐yl)acetic acid and α,β‐unsaturated N‐sulfonyl‐ketimines is described. The process is proposed to operate via an isothiourea‐catalyzed Michael addition‐lactamization, followed by elimination of sulfinic acid and O‐acylation to provide the final pyridine product.
What antagonistic interactions mean for Enlist and Roundup Ready Xtend technologies
Authors: Meyer Chris J. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Kruger Greg R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe commercialization of Roundup Ready Xtend and Enlist cropping systems increased the number of herbicide products available for postemergence application in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). A greater understanding of how glyphosate, glufosinate, dicamba, and 2,4‐D interact in mixture is needed. Two field experiments were conducted in 2015 and 2016 at the Northeast Research and Extension Center in Keiser, AR, to evaluate herbicide interactions that could occur in Enlist and Roundup Ready Xtend cropping systems. Various rates and combinations of glufosinate, glyphosate, dicamba, and 2,4‐D were applied and evaluated for percent weed control 5 wk after treatment (WAT). In the 2,4‐D experiment, glyphosate (dimethylamine salt) at 0.75 lb ae ac−1 provided 88% barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus‐galli (L.) Beauv.] control, whereas a premixture of glyphosate at 0.75 lb ae ac−1 + 2,4‐D at 0.70 lb ae ac−1 provided 80% control 5 WAT. Similarly, in the dicamba experiment, glyphosate (potassium salt) at 0.77 lb ae ac−1 provided 86% barnyardgrass control, compared to 79% with glyphosate at 0.77 lb ae ac−1 + dicamba at 0.5 lb ae ac−1. Antagonism was also identified for mixtures of glufosinate + glyphosate for barnyardgrass in both experiments. For Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri, S. Wats) and prickly sida [Sida spinosa (L.)] control, mixtures were generally equal to or greater than the individual herbicides alone, even though some mixtures were deemed antagonistic. Herbicide applicators in Roundup Ready Xtend or Enlist systems should be aware of antagonistic interactions and the implications of antagonism on herbicide resistance management.
Aminoglycoside Conjugation for RNA Targeting: Antimicrobials and Beyond
Authors: Aradi Klara , Di Giorgio Audrey , Duca Maria 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNatural aminoglycosides are therapeutically useful antibiotics and very efficient RNA ligands. They are oligosaccharides that contain several ammonium groups able to interfere with the translation process in prokaryotes upon binding to bacterial ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and thus, impairing protein synthesis. Even if aminoglycosides are commonly used in therapy, these RNA binders lack selectivity and are able to bind to a wide number of RNA sequences/structures. This is one of the reasons for their toxicity and limited applications in therapy. At the same time, the ability of aminoglycosides to bind to various RNAs renders them a great source of inspiration for the synthesis of new binders with improved affinity and specificity toward several therapeutically relevant RNA targets. Thus, a number of studies have been performed on these complex and highly functionalized compounds, leading to the development of various synthetic methodologies toward the synthesis of conjugated aminoglycosides. The aim of this review is to highlight recent progress in the field of aminoglycoside conjugation, paying particular attention to modifications performed toward the improvement of affinity and especially to the selectivity of the resulting compounds. This will help readers to understand how to introduce a desired chemical modification for future developments of RNA ligands as antibiotics, antiviral, and anticancer compounds.