bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The design programming simulation as a reference for the adjustment of the relay GFR on the protection of the airway medium voltage 20 KV
Authors: Djufri Umar , Yandra Fadli Eka 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Short circuit fault phase to ground and phase to phase is one of the problems that may arise in the operation of the power transformer in a Substation. The interference caused by the presence of a short circuit caused a lot of losses, losses on the transmission system of electricity and losses on the part of consumers of electric energy. One way to overcome this disorder is with safety protection relay OCR and GFR that works with the Power Breaker (Circuit Breaker). This research will create a Programming-Based Object (PBO) using the GUI of MATLAB, where programs are designed is one answer to cope with the calculation of the adjustment GFR (Ground Fault Relay) attached on the network, the validation of the programming that is done using armed forces data from the company, which for reasons of privacy mentioned as XYZ. Great protection Setting of the interference 1 phase ground occurs along the feeder can be concluded that the working time of GFR on the side of the outgoing and incoming have a difference of 0.4 seconds, thus the design of programming windows in this study can be used as a reference as setting tms on GFR which is mounted on an equipment of protection of electric power because it has been in accordance with the applicable standards.
The Nature of Coconut Fibre Fly Ash-Based Mechanical Geopolymer
Authors: Zulfiati Ria , Saloma  , Idris Yakni 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In order to reduce carbon emissions in the atmosphere, one of the steps is to use environmentally friendly concrete. Environmentally friendly concrete uses industrial waste as a substitute for cement, such as rice husk ash, palm burning ash, coal burning ash or fly ash. Today, the development of the use of fly ash as a substitute for cement has been widely used, especially in geopolymer concrete. This study uses natural fibres such as coconut fibre. Coconut fibre is also an alternative material in the use of natural fibres as geopolymer mortar composites. This research carried out compressive strength and flexural strength test by doing several variations such as the length of coconut fibres 10 mm, 20 mm, and 30 mm and the percentage of fibre used was 0, 0.25% and 0.50% of the weight of the mortar. Geopolymer mortar made from 100% fly ash. The concentration of NaOH solution used was 14 M and 16 M. The results of this study indicate that the fibre length of 30 mm with a percentage of 0.50% fibre at a concentration of 16 M NaOH solution gives a compressive strength of 40.016 MPa and the greatest flexural strength of 8.799 MPa at 28 days mortar age.
Decision Support System Model for The Process of Increase of Position in Hospital Pertamina Bintang Amin (RSPBA), Lampung
Authors: Khikmawati E , Sulfarano M Y , Purnomo A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Decision making related to property criteria in the office will contribute to both organizational performances. This research intends to construct a model of the support system of the decision making in the process of increasing the performance in the office and to determine the criteria used for an elected employee who be promoted to a new position in the office. Model decision-making are expected to help the decision makers to get the information so that it is easier for the election of worker to be promoted in the organization. Development of decision-making system using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) were used Hospital Pertamina Bintang Amin, Lampung. This system would yield a weighing criterion that would affects to the decree of the election of workers. An alternative model decision making is also developed in the process of increasing the efficiency within the organization itself. The working principle of the model system is by analysing and deciding the employees who are worth to be promoted. The employee’s promotion system model does provide services for effectively analysing and deciding the decent employees. The analytical hierarchy process provides an assessment of criteria that influence the selection of decisions by the alternative decision-making models. The system does compare the interest between the criteria, the intensity and referring to the assessment of employees results in producing the output results by the end of the system process.
Plasma Technology to Recondition Radioactive Waste: Tests with Simulated Bitumen and Concrete in a Plasma Test Facility
Authors: Deckers J 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The operation and maintenance of nuclear power plants, the non-nuclear fuel cycle, etc generate low-level radioactive waste which, along with the historical radioactive waste from past nuclear activities, needs to be treated and stored, awaiting final disposal. Plasma technology offers a very effective way of treating this waste with a high-volume reduction factor (VRF), free from organics, liquids and moisture, and meets without a doubt the acceptance criteria for safe storage and disposal. By means of a plasma beam of approximately 5000°C, the inorganic materials are melted into a glassy slag, containing most of the radioactive isotopes while the organic material is gasified, oxidized and purified in an off-gas cleaning system. First the paper describes the new full-scale Plasma Melting Facility (PMF) at the Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant in Bulgaria which was taken into nuclear operation in May 2018. The plant has a capacity of 250 tons per year and the maximum contact dose rates of the incoming waste is 2mSv/h. Different mixtures of radioactive waste packed in 200l drums were successfully treated resulting in a glassy slag free from liquids and organic material with an important volume reduction factor (VRF). The Project was co-financed through a grant by Kozloduy International Decommissiong fund (KIDSF) administated by the EBRD through Bulgarian national funding. Plasma is a suitable technology for treatment of problematic waste or even reconditioning waste so Belgoprocess was contracted to do plasma tests with simulated conditioned waste types. One can do tests on a laboratory scale on smaller samples and torch capacities of e.g. 50kW but Belgoprocess wanted to do more realistic and reliable tests. So Belgoprocess contracted Phoenix Solutions Co who has a full-scope test facility equipped with a 1200kW plasma torch for full-scope treatment of simulated conditioned waste. For a first confidential contract simulated 2001 (55 gallon) bitumen drums were treated. The drums contained different pucks of compacted waste such as rags, used filters, granulates, etc. The pucks were stacked in the 2001 drums and subsequently embedded with bitumen. A total of 6 drums were treated in the plasma facility. For a second contract simulated homogeneous 2001 (55 gallon) concrete drums with on the one hand concentrates and on the other hand spent resins were selected. A total of 6 drums with concrete and spent resins were treated and melted in the plasma testing facility. The paper describes the test facility, volume reduction factor (VRF) of different waste streams and most important parameters.
Development of phosphate glass and multi-phase titanate ceramic compositions for thermal treatment of irradiated nuclear fuel residues
Authors: Harnett L , Stennett M C , Maddrell E R , Hyatt N C 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The highly heterogeneous nature of UK legacy damaged and degraded spent nuclear fuels and so called, ‘orphan fuels’, prohibits the use of standard conditioning methods. An inventory of UK residual fuels yielded an account for three main fuel types: Magnox, AGR (advanced gas-cooled reactor) and MOx (mixed oxides). A series of glass and ceramic type host systems have been investigated for potential conditioning of these high uranium content spent fuel materials. Electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction techniques were used to characterise the prototypical wasteforms. Two sets of low-melt temperature phosphate glass compositions were trialled with additions of CeO2 to simulate the fluorite structure and large ionic radius of U in oxide fuels. Evolution of monazite-type phases at simulant oxide fuel loadings above 15 wt.% highlighted a potential development into a glass-ceramic hybrid assemblage. Investigation into the use of an alkoxide nitrate synthesis route for SYNROC-F type ceramic precursors has allowed for the demonstration of a sintered host pyrochlore phase containing up to ∼40 wt.% fuel simulant CeO2. Gas evolution has led to increased porosity at higher temperatures and longer sintering times, this may be mitigated by higher pre-calcination temperatures.
Dissolution of plasma treated non-radioactive surrogate cemented concentrates and ion exchange resins in KOH solution at 40 °C
Authors: Ferrand K , Caes S , Lemmens K , Meert K 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In Belgium, plasma incineration is a possible option to (re-)condition low and intermediate level short-lived waste streams in order to obtain end products which can fulfill the criteria developed for a near surface disposal facility. In this study, the chemical durability of plasma treated non-radioactive surrogate cemented concentrates and ion exchange resins (or plasma slags) was investigated by performing MCC-1 leach tests in a KOH solution at pH 13.5 and 40 °C. Results showed that initial dissolution rates of plasma slags were similar to that of SON68-I glass, and final dissolution rates around one order of magnitude lower. SEM analysis revealed the presence of alteration layers rich in K, Ca and Fe, which probably act as diffusion barriers and, associated with the increase of Si and Al concentration in solution, lead to the decrease of the plasma slag dissolution rates.
Influence of thermal treatment on the disposability of spent ion exchange resins in a deep geological repository: a French case
Authors: Frasca B , Griffault L , Lefevre J , Martin C , Romero M A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The filtration of contaminated aqueous waste streams from nuclear applications produces spent ion exchange resins (IER) which can be classified either as low level Waste (LLW) or as intermediate level Waste (ILW). For the purpose of the work conducted in the framework of the European THERAMIN project, studies considered spent IER waste form to be routed to the French deep geological disposal facility in the Callovo-Oxfordian formation (Cigéo). This form of waste is known to release hydrogen by radiolysis degradation, reactive species and complexing compounds. Today, for disposability in Cigéo, direct cementation of IER is the main immobilization process. This work aims to evaluate the application of the incineration-vitrification with plasma process, SHIVA, on a mixture of zeolites, diatoms, and spent IER in regards to the reference immobilization process by cementation. Production of an alumina-borosilicate type glass using SHIVA incineration-vitrification process was considered in order to examine the impact of this process for managing the specificities of this IER waste form with the additional advantage of minimizing the disposal volume. The potential benefits that thermal treatment can provide in the context of Cigéo for such spent IER waste form are evaluated based on the physical characterizations and leaching experiments carried out by CEA on the resulting vitrified product. The influence of thermal treatment on several characteristics in line with a generic list of Waste Acceptance Criteria (WAC) defined within the THERAMIN project have been qualitatively evaluated considering their potential influences on operational and long-term safety.
Effects of semi-solid treatment by electro-magnetic induction on micro-structure evolution and mechanical properties of the Mg-2.4Y-4Nd-0.5Zr-1Ni alloys
Authors: Zhang Hongtao , Fan Lingling , Zhou Mingyang , Zhang Yuwenxi , Lu Tianhui , Quan Gaofeng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The semi-solid billets of Mg-2.4Y-4Nd-0.5Zr-1Ni (WE34-1Ni) alloys are fabricated by electro-magnetic induction heating semi-solid treatment at 2.05 kW and 4.10 kW from 580 °C to 625 °C. In this work, the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of WE34-1Ni alloys are investigated, and the results reveal that with increasing semi-solid temperatures, the average grain size of the solid globules and liquid fraction at the grain boundary gradually increase while the shape factor fluctuates slightly. Compared with 2.05 kW power, the semi-solid billet with 4.10 kW power at 625 °C has more fine homogeneous grains, the lower average size of the solid globules, more liquid fraction. The semi-solid billet with 4.10 kW at 625 °C obtains ideal semi-solid spheroid structure with the solid grains surrounded by a small amount of liquid pools and the best mechanical properties of the semi-solid process parameters. Besides, the elongation as-extruded of WE34-1Ni alloys increased from 21.4 ± 0.7% to 33.2 ± 0.3% at 4.10 kW power and 625 °C via electro-magnetic induction heating semi-solid treatment.
Effects of nitridation on SiC/SiO2 structures studied by hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Berens Judith , Bichelmaier Sebastian , Fernando Nathalie K , Thakur Pardeep K , Lee Tien-Lin , Mascheck Manfred , Wiell Tomas , Eriksson Susanna K , Matthias Kahk J , Lischner Johannes , Mistry Manesh V , Aichinger Thomas , Pobegen Gregor , Regoutz Anna 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
SiC is set to enable a new era in power electronics impacting a wide range of energy technologies, from electric vehicles to renewable energy. Its physical characteristics outperform silicon in many aspects, including band gap, breakdown field, and thermal conductivity. The main challenge for further development of SiC-based power semiconductor devices is the quality of the interface between SiC and its native dielectric SiO2. High temperature nitridation processes can improve the interface quality and ultimately the device performance immensely, but the underlying chemical processes are still poorly understood. Here, we present an energy-dependent hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) study probing non-destructively SiC and SiO2 and their interface in device stacks treated in varying atmospheres. We successfully combine laboratory- and synchrotron-based HAXPES to provide unique insights into the chemistry of interface defects and their passivation through nitridation processes.
On counting cells in open pore foams
Authors: August A , Nestler B 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The number of cells in a sample of an open pore foam is usually expressed as ppi (pores per inch), but it is not easy to deduce the total number of cells in a sample from this information. In this paper we derive a linkage between the cell number of a foam sample, the volume fraction of the solid and the mean thickness of its ligaments by means of computer simulations.
Arthropod Community Associated With the Asexual Generation of Bassettia pallida (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)
Authors: Weinersmith Kelly L , Forbes Andrew A , Ward Anna K G , Brandão-Dias Pedro F P , Zhang Y Miles , Egan Scott P 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCynipid gall wasps play an important role in structuring oak arthropod communities. Wasps in the Cynipini tribe typically lay their eggs in oaks (Quercus L.), and induce the formation of a ‘gall’, which is a tumor-like growth of plant material that surrounds the developing wasp. As the wasp develops, the cynipid and its gall are attacked by a diverse community of natural enemies, including parasitoids, hyperparasitoids, and inquilines. Determining what structures these species-rich natural enemy communities across cynipid gall wasp species is a major question in gall wasp biology. Additionally, gall wasps are ecosystem engineers, as the abandoned gall is used by other invertebrates. The gall-associated insect communities residing on live oaks (Quercus geminata Small and Quercus virginiana Mill.) are emerging as a model system for answering ecological and evolutionary questions ranging from community ecology to the evolution of new species. Documenting the arthropods associated with cynipids in this system will expand our understanding of the mechanisms influencing eco-evolutionary processes, record underexplored axes of biodiversity, and facilitate future work. Here, we present the community of natural enemies and other associates of the asexual generation of the crypt gall wasp, Bassettia pallida Ashmead. We compare the composition of this community to communities recently documented from two other cynipid gall wasps specializing on live oaks along the U.S. Gulf coast, Disholcaspis quercusvirens Ashmead and Belonocnema treatae Mayr. B. pallida and their galls support a diverse arthropod community, including over 25 parasitoids, inquilines, and other associated arthropods spanning 5 orders and 16 families.
Model-assisted comparison of sugar accumulation patterns in ten fleshy fruits highlights differences between herbaceous and woody species
Authors: Cakpo Coffi Belmys , Vercambre Gilles , Baldazzi Valentina , Roch Léa , Dai Zhanwu , Valsesia Pierre , Memah Mohamed-Mahmoud , Colombié Sophie , Moing Annick , Gibon Yves , Génard Michel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsSugar concentration is a key determinant of fruit quality. Soluble sugars and starch concentrations in fruits vary greatly from one species to another. The aim of this study was to investigate similarities and differences in sugar accumulation strategies across ten contrasting fruit species using a modelling approach.MethodsWe developed a coarse-grained model of primary metabolism based on the description of the main metabolic and hydraulic processes (synthesis of compounds other than sugar and starch, synthesis and hydrolysis of starch, and water dilution) involved in the accumulation of soluble sugars during fruit development.Key ResultsStatistical analyses based on metabolic rates separated the species into six groups according to the rate of synthesis of compounds other than sugar and starch. Herbaceous species (cucumber, tomato, eggplant, pepper and strawberry) were characterized by a higher synthesis rate than woody species (apple, nectarine, clementine, grape and kiwifruit). Inspection of the dynamics of the processes involved in sugar accumulation revealed that net sugar importation, metabolism and dilution processes were remarkably synchronous in most herbaceous plants, whereas in kiwifruit, apple and nectarine, processes related to starch metabolism were temporally separated from other processes. Strawberry, clementine and grape showed a distinct dynamic compared with all other species.ConclusionsOverall, these results provide fresh insights into species-specific regulatory strategies and into the role of starch metabolism in the accumulation of soluble sugars in fleshy fruits. In particular, inter-specific differences in development period shape the co-ordination of metabolic processes and affect priorities for carbon allocation across species. The six metabolic groups identified by our analysis do not show a clear separation into climacteric and non-climacteric species, possibly suggesting that the metabolic processes related to sugar concentration are not greatly affected by ethylene-associated events.
CiteFuse enables multi-modal analysis of CITE-seq data
Authors: Kim Hani Jieun , Lin Yingxin , Geddes Thomas A , Yang Jean Yee Hwa , Yang Pengyi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMotivationMulti-modal profiling of single cells represents one of the latest technological advancements in molecular biology. Among various single-cell multi-modal strategies, cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing (CITE-seq) allows simultaneous quantification of two distinct species: RNA and cell-surface proteins. Here, we introduce CiteFuse, a streamlined package consisting of a suite of tools for doublet detection, modality integration, clustering, differential RNA and protein expression analysis, antibody-derived tag evaluation, ligand–receptor interaction analysis and interactive web-based visualization of CITE-seq data.ResultsWe demonstrate the capacity of CiteFuse to integrate the two data modalities and its relative advantage against data generated from single-modality profiling using both simulations and real-world CITE-seq data. Furthermore, we illustrate a novel doublet detection method based on a combined index of cell hashing and transcriptome data. Finally, we demonstrate CiteFuse for predicting ligand–receptor interactions by using multi-modal CITE-seq data. Collectively, we demonstrate the utility and effectiveness of CiteFuse for the integrative analysis of transcriptome and epitope profiles from CITE-seq data.Availability and implementationCiteFuse is freely available at http://shiny.maths.usyd.edu.au/CiteFuse/ as an online web service and at https://github.com/SydneyBioX/CiteFuse/ as an R package.Contactpengyi.yang@sydney.edu.auSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Clinically Significant Lower Elvitegravir Exposure During the Third Trimester of Pregnant Patients Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Data From the Pharmacokinetics of ANtiretroviral agents in HIV-infected pregNAnt women (PANNA) Network
Authors: Bukkems Vera , Necsoi Coca , Tenorio Carmen Hidalgo , Garcia Coral , Rockstroh Jürgen , Schwarze-Zander Caroline , Lambert John S , Burger David , Konopnicki Deborah , Colbers Angela 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This phase 4 study investigated the influence of pregnancy on the pharmacokinetics of elvitegravir/cobicistat in 14 women with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. The results support the recommendation against elvitegravir/cobicistat use during pregnancy, as the elvitegravir concentration at the end of the dosing interval (Ctrough) was reduced by 77%, with 85% of pregnant women having a Ctrough below the effective concentration (EC90).
Clinical Trials Registration. NCT00825929.
The Origins of Piero Sraffa’s Equations
Authors: Naldi Nerio 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The paper investigates the origins of the equations which form the structure of Piero Sraffa’s Production of Commodities by means of Commodities. Following an interpretation first developed by Pierangelo Garegnani in a paper that higlighted the importance of a manuscript headed ‘Notes London, Summer 1927 (Physical Real Costs etc.)’, we single out new evidence relevant to the reconstruction of the path which led Sraffa to conceive his equations. In particular, we stress how Sraffa came to pay special attention to the case of a subistence economy (‘a community that produces just what is sufficient to keep it going’) and how this led him to shift his attention from the idea of reducing heterogeneous physical costs to an ‘absolutely necessary commodity’ to the determination of exchange ratios by the solution of systems of simultaneous equations. Furthermore, we suggest that a close background to this analysis may be recognized in an attempt to distinguish cost from income which can be found in manuscripts kept in a folder headed ‘Physical Real Costs’.