bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coordination of cyclic di-GMP and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in regulating antifungal antibiotic biosynthesis in Lysobacter enzymogenes
Authors: Han Sen , Yang Mingming , Fulano Alex M. , Lin Long , Chou Shan-Ho , Qian Guoliang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSmall molecules are able to regulate numerous cellular processes through binding to various bacterial receptor proteins, but the mechanisms and functions by which these chemicals coordinate and execute remain poorly understood. 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA) and cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) are two such molecules with distinct structures that are produced in Lysobacter enzymogenes to synergistically affect the secretion of an antifungal antibiotic, known as heat-stable antifungal factor (HSAF). In our earlier studies, we showed that CdgL, a YajQ-like protein without DNA-binding domain, was able to physically interact with LysR, a transcription factor, to enhance its binding affinity toward the upstream region of the HSAF biosynthesis operon promoter, hence increasing the HSAF biosynthesis. Interestingly, 4-HBA or c-di-GMP can bind to its cognate receptor of LysR or CdgL, respectively, to regulate the HSAF biosynthesis. Further, c-di-GMP acts by binding to CdgL to induce the dissociation of the CdgL-LysR complex, leading to decreased downstream expression. We now showed that CdgL controlled the transcription of lenB2, which encodes an oxygenase to convert chorismate to 4-HBA. Notably, overexpression of cdgL was found to stimulate lenB2 transcription, which likely increased the intracellular 4-HBA content. Also, 4-HBA could bind to LysR to interrupt the LysR-CdgL complex formation and release of CdgL, which caused a lower affinity of LysR toward DNA and hence decreased HSAF operon expression. These findings, along with our earlier report, allow us to propose a coordination mechanism demonstrating how the HSAF biosynthesis is co-regulated by 4-HBA and c-di-GMP through interactions with their cognate receptors. This new mechanism shall shed light on improving the HSAF yield for practical usage.
The gut microbiome and its potential role in paradoxical anaerobism in pupfishes of the Mojave Desert
Authors: Bhute Shrikant S. , Escobedo Brisa , Haider Mina , Mekonen Yididya , Ferrer Dafhney , Hillyard Stanley D. , Friel Ariel D. , van Breukelen Frank , Hedlund Brian P. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundPupfishes frequently enter paradoxical anaerobism in response to endogenously produced or exogenously supplied ethanol in a dose-dependent manner. To decipher the role of the gut microbiota in ethanol-associated paradoxical anaerobism, gut microbial communities were depleted using a cocktail of antibiotics and profiled using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.ResultsCompared to the control group (n = 12), microbiota-depleted fish (n = 12) spent more time in paradoxical anaerobism. Our analysis indicated that the bacterial phylaProteobacteria,Fusobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,Patescibacteria, andDependentiaedominated the pupfish gut, which is consistent with other fish gut microbiota. Although the gut microbial communities with and without antibiotic treatment were similarly diverse, they were distinct and the greatest contribution to the dissimilarity (27.38%) was the common fish commensalCetobacterium.ConclusionsThis study reports the first characterization of gut microbial communities of pupfish and suggests the microbiome may play a critical role in regulating metabolic strategies that are critical for survival in extremes of temperature and oxygen concentration. We speculate thatCetobacterium, a primary fermenter, also consumes ethanol through secondary fermentation via an alcohol dehydrogenase and therefore regulates the transition from paradoxical anaerobism to aerobic respiration in fish. Given the wide distribution and abundance ofCetobacteriumin warm-water fishes, this process may be of broad importance, and suggests that the microbiome be carefully considered for both conservation and aquaculture.
What should be done to support the mental health of healthcare staff treating COVID-19 patients?
Authors: Tracy Derek K. , Tarn Mark , Eldridge Rod , Cooke Joanne , Calder James D.F. , Greenberg Neil 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThere is an urgent need to provide evidence-based well-being and mental health support for front-line clinical staff managing the COVID-19 pandemic who are at risk of moral injury and mental illness. We describe the evidence base for a tiered model of care, and practical steps on its implementation.
Impassivities: From Paradise Lost to Hellas
Authors: McGrath Brian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Though the words impasse and impassive come to English from two different etymological sources—impasse from the French, meaning without a pass; impassive from the Latin, meaning without suffering or without feeling—English invites confusion. In part because one cannot write directly about an impasse without making it less of one, this essay takes up the question of the impasse through the available pun: that is, with attention to impassivity. It begins with the origin of impasse in Voltaire and then, following the Oxford English Dictionary, turns to uses of impassive in Milton’s Paradise Lost and Shelley’s Hellas to explore the interplay between feeling (the feeling of being blocked, for instance) and feeling’s absence.
Of No Moment
Authors: Mendicino Kristina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Whatever may be said to come to pass could not have happened once, if its iterability is what will have permitted each word thereof to pass for such a one. The very terms for speaking of an occurrence would thus seem to be the impasse that renders each a fiction of no moment, in all senses of that phrase. But this often-cited feature of language could neither be affirmed nor denied once and for all, since either alternative would pretend to address as an established fact that which troubles every establishment. Rather, it is what each time solicits yet another attempt to retrace the turns and detours of those writings that are emphatically marked by the errancy, anachronism, and forgetfulness that recurrence and iterability entail. It is in such an attempt that this article offers commentaries upon several passages from the oeuvres of Friedrich Nietzsche, Maurice Blanchot, and Robert Musil that articulate what could be called the moment of no moment, and that thereby expose the untimely intersections that may come to pass through writing.
Mapping the use of Group-Based Trajectory Modelling in medication adherence research: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Walsh Caroline A. , Mucherino Sara , Orlando Valentina , Bennett Kathleen E. , Menditto Enrica , Cahir Caitriona 
Published: May 2020

The use of group-based trajectory (GBTM) modelling within the medication adherence literature is rapidly growing. Researchers are adopting enhanced methods to analyse and visualise dynamic behaviours, such as medication adherence, within ‘real-world’ populations. Application of GBTM based on longitudinal adherence behaviour allows for the identification of adherence trajectories or groups. A group is conceptually thought of a collection of individuals who follow a similar pattern of adherence behaviour over a period of time. A common obstacle faced by researchers when implementing GBTM is deciding on the number of trajectory groups that may exist within a population. Decision-making can introduce subjectivity, as there is no ‘gold standard’ for model selection criteria. This study aims to examine the extent and nature of existing evidence on the application of GBTM for medication adherence assessment, providing an overview of the different GBTM techniques used in the literature. The methodological framework will consist of five stages: i) identify the research question(s); ii) identify relevant studies; iii) select studies; iv) chart the data and finally, v) collate, summarise and report the results. Original peer-reviewed articles, published in English, describing observational studies including both concepts and/or sub-concepts of GBTM and medication adherence or any other similar terms, will be included. The following databases will be queried: PubMed/MEDLINE; Embase (Ovid); SCOPUS; ISI Web of Science and PsychInfo. This scoping review will utilise the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) tool to report results. This scoping review will collect and schematise different techniques in the application of GBTM for medication adherence assessment available in the literature to date, identifying research and knowledge gaps in this area. This review can represent an important tool for future research, providing methodological support to researchers carrying out a group-based trajectory analysis to assess medication adherence in a real-world context.
Changes in nano-mechanical properties of human epidermal cornified cells in children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Haftek Marek , McAleer Maeve A , Jakasa Ivone , McLean WH Irwin , Kezic Sanja , Irvine Alan D. 
Published: May 2020

Background: Impaired skin barrier is an important etiological factor in atopic dermatitis (AD). The structural protein filaggrin (FLG) plays a major role in maintenance of the competent skin barrier and its deficiency is associated with enhanced susceptibility to mechanical injury. Here we examined biomechanical characteristics of the corneocytes in children with AD and healthy controls. Methods: We recruited 20 children with AD and 7 healthy children. They were genotyped for filaggrin gene (FLG) loss-of-function mutations. Stratum corneum was collected from clinically unaffected skin by adhesive tapes. Cell stiffness (apparent elastic modulus, Ea) was determined by atomic force microscopy and filaggrin degradation products (NMF) by liquid chromatography. Skin barrier function was assessed through trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) and disease severity by the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) tool. Results: Corneocytes collected from AD patients showed a decreased elastic modulus which was strongly correlated with NMF and TEWL, but not with SCORAD. As compared with healthy controls, AD patients had reduced TEWL and NMF levels regardless of FLG mutations. NMF was strongly correlated with TEWL. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that AD patients have decreased corneocyte stiffness which correlates with reduced levels of filaggrin degradation products, NMF and skin barrier function. Altered mechanical properties of the corneocytes likely contribute to the loss of mechanical integrity of the SC and to reduced skin barrier function in AD.
Wieloaspektowość pojęcia konceptualizacja w gramatyce Ronalda Langackera (spojrzenie z perspektywy użytkownika terminologii kognitywnej)
Authors: Waszakowa Krystyna 
Published: May 2020

MULTIASPECTUALITY OF THE NOTION OF CONCEPTUALIZATION IN RONALD LANGACKER’S GRAMMAR: FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF A USER OF COGNITIVE TERMINOLOGY
The paper presents the scope of understanding of the notion of conceptualization, a notion that belongs to the elementary toolbox of R. Langacker’s cognitive grammar. The author shows the different perspectives of viewing conceptualization, and discusses ways of defining the term. By contrasting it with other terms from the paradigm of cognitive semantics (among others, categorization, construal, profiling, conceptualizer, spekaer, addressee, usage event), which Langacker refers to while describing the processes of conceptualization, the paper reveals the placement and status of conceptualization in cognitive grammar.
Glosy jako integralny składnik średniowiecznego tekstu
Authors: Maslej Dorota , Mika Tomasz 
Published: May 2020

GLOSSES AS AN INTEGRAL ELEMENT OF MEDIEVAL TEXT: IN SEARCH OF ADEQUATE RESEARCH PROCEDURES
Most Old Polish texts are in fact sixteenth century copies with accompanying inscribed or reinscribed glosses (interlinear and marginal) introduced into the text. The aim of this article is not only to show how to recognize these types of glosses in the text using elements of semantics, syntax, rhetoric and source studies, but also to propose a typology of tools adequate for recognizing incorporated glosses.The authors believe that only a multidimensional analysis gives a chance to achieve this goal. They also show that analyses conducted usually from one, sometimes two, perspectives, yield results that can be easily undermined from another perspective.The majority of examples come from four Old Polish apocrypha, including the most extensive monument of Polish and Slavic medieval prose and apocryphal literature, Rozmyślanie przemyskie (‘The Przemyśl Meditation’). In the only preserved copies of these apocryphal texts, glosses are incorporated into the main body of the text. Proper recognition of glosses leads to a complete change of thinking about these texts and about Polish religious language in the Middle Ages in general.
Dlaczego Bałtowie i Słowianie liczyli pokrewieństwo w kolanach, czyli o etymologii słow. kolěno ‘kolano; ród’ i lit. kẽlis ‘kolano; ród’
Authors: Ostrowski Norbert 
Published: May 2020

WHY DID BALTS AND SLAVS COUNT KINSHIP IN KNEES, OR THE ETYMOLOGY OF SLAV. kolěno ‘KNEE; TRIBE’ AND LITH. kẽlis ‘KNEE; TRIBE’
OCS. kolěno ‘knee; tribe, generation’ (cf. Polish pokolenie ‘generation’) and Lith. kẽlis ‘knee; joint in a plant; tribe; degree of kinship’ come from old adjectives with possessive suffixes (-ěn- in Slavic and -ija- in Baltic). Their primary meaning was ‘a joint in the body’ (*‘a rotating part of the body’). Both were formed from nouns with the meaning ‘wheel’ (OCS. kolo, kolese ‘wheel’, Old Prussian kelan ‘wheel’, Latvian duceles ‘chaise’; IDE. *kwelh1- ‘to turn, to rotate’). The hypothesis proposed in this paper explains the semantic relationship between Slav. kolěno ‘knee; tribe, generation’ and Proto-Slav. *kel-nŭ- > *čelnŭ- > Slovenian člèn // Serbo-Croatian člȃn ‘joint; ankle, talus’. Assuming that the meaning ‘joint’ was the original one, OCS. kolěno ‘tribe, generation’ and Lith. kẽlis ‘degree in relationship; tribe’ can be interpreted as old terms of customary law in the field of succession. The counting of kinship by enumeration of body parts from the head to the middle fingernail has been preserved in Middle Low German customary law, so-called “Sachsenspiegel”. The hypothesis is supported by numerous parallels: Lith. sąnarys ‘a joint in the body; (OLith.) ‘generation’, Lith. stráipsnis ‘body part; (OLith.) generation’, OPr. streipstan ‘body part; generation’, Middle High German Gelied ‘body part; generation’, and Middle Low German lede ‘a joint in the body; body part; degree of kinship’.
Analyst Forecast Bundling
Authors: Drake Michael , Joos Peter , Pacelli Joseph , Twedt Brady 
Published: May 2020

Changing economic conditions over the past two decades have created incentives for sell-side analysts to both provide their institutional clients tiered services and to streamline their written research process. One manifestation of these changes is an increased likelihood of analysts’ issuing earnings forecasts for multiple firms on the same day. We identify this bundling property and show that bundling has increased steadily over time. We provide field evidence that the practice is a cost-saving measure, a natural by-product of analysts focusing on thematic research, and a reflection of forecast updating that occurs in advance of important events. Our empirical analyses show that bundled forecasts are less accurate, less bold, and less informative to investors than nonbundled forecasts. We also find that analysts who produce bundled forecasts provide valuable specialized services to their institutional clients. Our findings ultimately demonstrate that forecast bundling has important implications for the properties of analysts’ forecasts. This paper was accepted by Shiva Rajgopal, accounting.
A INFÂNCIA A PARTIR DOS DIZERES E FAZERES DAS CRIANÇAS NA ESCOLA: ENCONTROS SILENCIOSOS E POTENTES
Authors: Carvalho Nádia Priscila De Lima , Albuquerque Fernanda Maria Santos , Salles Conceição Gislane Nóbrega Lima de 
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo é um fragmento de uma pesquisa que visou compreender como as crianças vivenciam o processo de transição da Pré-escola para o 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Aqui, de modo específico, abordamos os dizeres e os fazeres das crianças no ambiente escolar que retratam a transgressão de regras como forma silenciosa e potente de criação. O mesmo busca dialogar com a infância a partir de outros modos de entendê-la, ancorado nas discussões provenientes do campo da filosofia, considerando a infância como experiência. Os dizeres e fazeres das crianças e suas experiências engendram outros vieses que não complementam o posto, mas o reconfigura sob outras dimensões, resistentes e ousadas. Eles evocam as possibilidades que as crianças trazem consigo para nossas instituições escolares.
Multichannel optomechanical switch and locking system for wavemeters
Authors: Ghadimi Moji , Bridge Elizabeth M. , Scarabel Jordan , Connell Steven , Shimizu Kenji , Streed Erik , Lobino Mirko 
Published: May 2020

Here we present a cost-effective multichannel optomechanical switch and software proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller system for locking multiple lasers to a single-channel commercial wavemeter. The switch is based on a rotating cylinder that selectively transmits one laser beam at a time to the wavemeter. The wavelength is read by the computer, and an error signal is output to the lasers to correct wavelength drifts every millisecond. We use this system to stabilize 740 nm (subsequently frequency doubled to 370 nm), 399 nm, and 935 nm lasers for trapping and cooling different isotopes of a

Y
b

+

ion. We characterize the frequency stability of the three lasers by using a second, more precise, commercial wavemeter. We also characterize the absolute frequency stability of the 740 nm laser using the fluorescence drift rate of a trapped

174

Y
b

+

ion. For the 740 nm laser we demonstrate an Allan deviation

σ
y

of

3
×

10

−
10

(at 20 s integration time), equivalent to sub-200 kHz stability.
Transformable Reflective Telescope for optical testing and education
Authors: Park Woojin , Pak Soojong , Kim Geon Hee , Lee Sunwoo , Chang Seunghyuk , Kim Sanghyuk , Jeong Byeongjoon , James Brendel Trenton , Kim Dae Wook 
Published: May 2020

We propose and experimentally demonstrate the Transformable Reflective Telescope (TRT) kit for educational purposes and for performing various optical tests with a single kit. The TRT kit is a portable optical bench setup suitable for interferometry, spectroscopy, measuring stray light, and developing adaptive optics, among other uses. Supplementary modules may be integrated easily due to the modular design of the TRT kit. The kit consists of five units: a primary mirror module, secondary mirror module, mounting base module, baffle module, and alignment module. Precise alignment and focusing are achieved using a precision optical rail on the alignment module. The TRT kit transforms into three telescope configurations: Newtonian, Cassegrain, and Gregorian. Students change telescope configurations by exchanging the secondary mirror. The portable design and the aluminum primary mirror of the TRT kit enable students to perform experiments in various environments. The minimized baffle design utilizes commercial telescope tubes, allowing users to look directly into the optical system while suppressing stray light down to

∼

10

−
8

point source transmittance. The TRT kit was tested using a point source and field images. Point source measurement of the Newtonian telescope configuration resulted in an 80% encircled energy diameter of 23.8 µm.
Mode dynamics in high-power Yb-Raman fiber amplifier
Authors: Zhang Hanwei , Xiao Hu , Wang Xiaolin , Zhou Pu , Xu Xiaojun 
Published: May 2020

Yb-Raman fiber amplifier (YRFA) is a compact setup that can be applied to achieve high-power narrow linewidth or special wavelength lasers. In this Letter, we realized a high-power YRFA with seed wavelengths of 1090 nm and 1150 nm, tandem-pumped by a 1018 nm fiber laser. The dynamic of mode interaction has been carefully studied. The beam cleanup effect in the large mode area, step-index fiber has been observed for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, when the pump power ranges from 800 W to 1700 W. A model taking into account the Raman mode interaction is proposed to explain this phenomenon, which agrees well with the experiments. The mode instability (MI) effect is also observed in the amplifier, and the threshold is about 2 kW, which is lower than the conventional Yb-doped fiber amplifier. Stimulated Raman scattering is attributed to the onset of MI. Finally, the 1338 W 1150 nm laser is achieved by this YRFA, which we believe to be the highest power reported at this wavelength.
encontro da criança com o livro didático: representações da infância
Authors: Zanolla Taciana , Ramos Flávia Brocchetto , Bohm Verônica 
Published: May 2020

O ingresso no Ensino Fundamental é momento de transição e possibilita o contato da criança com um livro didático. Com quais imagens de crianças representadas os alfabetizandos se deparam no livro? Que elementos de constituição do ser criança são comunicados? Neste artigo, buscamos responder a essas questões por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, que visa a descrever e analisar as representações sociais da infância nas imagens da parte inicial da obra Ápis Língua Portuguesa – 1º ano (2017). O livro foi selecionado pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) 2019 e está presente em muitas escolas públicas brasileiras nas cinco regiões do País. O estudo parte da descrição dos elementos constitutivos das imagens para a compreensão das representações sociais (MOSCOVICI, 1978) presentes, discutindo-as com base na concepção de linguagem como constitutiva do ser humano (VYGOTSKY, 1989, 2008) e em estudos sobre a infância (STEARNS, 2006). Ao interagir com o livro didático, os estudantes não apenas têm acesso a conhecimentos, mas também entram em contato com representações identitárias. As imagens iniciais do livro didático retratam diferentes origens e características físicas e individuais das crianças. Contudo, a diversidade de etnias e as características físicas não dão conta da diversidade social e cultural das infâncias brasileiras, o que não contribui para a constituição subjetiva dos estudantes.
Contribuições de Michel Foucault e Paulo Freire para a educação popular
Authors: Bandeira Francikely da Cunha , Alves Maria Lígia Isídio , Neves Gildivan Francisco das 
Published: May 2020

RESENHA
[BRUTSCHER, Volmir José; SCOCUGLIA, Afonso Celso. Discursos da educação popular contemporânea: encontros com Michel Foucault e Paulo Freire. João Pessoa, PB: Editora da UFPB, 2017. 304 p.]
Designing Analog Games that Engage Girls with Computer Science Concepts
Authors: Gee Elisabeth , Tran Kelly M. , Parekh Priyanka 
Published: May 2020

This design case describes the development of three analog games intended to introduce middle-school-age girls to core computer science (CS) concepts. We describe the learning objectives, game mechanics, and narrative elements of each game, and some key problems and decisions that we confronted during the design process. Our design process was guided by two key goals and assumptions: (a) the games should help players develop a situated understanding of CS concepts through engaging them in computational thinking (CT) practices associated with each concept, and (b) game mechanics and story elements should be meaningfully integrated with and supportive of the games’ learning objectives. We discuss several challenges that we encountered in the design process, both in identifying CT practices that lent themselves to game mechanics, and in finding ways to embed mechanics into stories in a meaningful way. Data from gameplay sessions suggests that, on the whole, girls found the games engaging and improved their understanding of CS concepts. However, we conclude that we were only partially successful in achieving our design goals. Testing the facilitator guides with a broader set of users and integrating the facilitator role into gameplay and story are potential goals for future work.