bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular typing of conjunctivitis‐causing adenoviruses in Hanoi, Vietnam from 2017 to 2019 and complete genome analysis of the most prevalent type (HAdV‐8)
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen , Le Tuan Anh , Nguyen Viet Ha , Nguyen Thi Uyen , Nguyen Phuong Thao , Tran Thi Thuy Anh , Nguyen Quang Hung , Hoang Anh Tuan , Hoang My Hanh , Le Tho Son , Nguyen Van Sang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAdenoviral conjunctivitis is a common epidemic worldwide. In Vietnam, up to 80,000 patients are infected with adenoviral conjunctivitis annually. However, there are few investigations on the pathogenic adenoviruses that cause conjunctivitis. In total, 120 eye‐swab samples were collected from patients with viral conjunctivitis symptoms in Hanoi, Vietnam from 2017 to 2019. Human adenoviruse (HAdV) was detected in 67 samples (55.83%) using polymerase chain reaction amplification of at least one of three HAdV‐specific marker genes (hexon, penton, and fiber). Of the 67 HAdV samples, 46 samples could be analyzed by all three marker genes. DNA sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree building based on the three marker genes from the 46 HAdV samples revealed five different HAdV types associated with conjunctivitis in Hanoi, including HAdV‐3 (4.3%), HAdV‐4 (2.2%), HAdV‐8 (89.1%), HAdV‐37 (2.2%), and a potential recombinant type between types HAdV‐8 and HAdV‐3 (2.2%). This showed that HAdV‐8 was the most common type identified in Hanoi. Complete genome analysis of HAdV‐8 isolated from a Vietnamese patient (VN2017) using Sanger sequencing revealed 34 unique nucleotide changes, indicating that the adenovirus continuously accumulates new mutations. Hence, continuous surveillance of HAdV‐8 changes in Vietnam is necessary in the future.
Analyzing the impact of automatization using parallel daily mean temperature series including breakpoint detection and homogenization
Authors: Hannak Lisa , Friedrich Karsten , Imbery Florian , Kaspar Frank 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHigh‐quality time series of meteorological observations are required for reliable assessments of climate trends. To analyze inhomogeneities in time series, parallel measurements can be used. Germany's national meteorological service DWD (Deutscher Wetterdienst) operates a network of climate reference stations. At these stations, manual and automatic observations have been taken in parallel. These parallel measurements therefore allow analyzing the impact of the transition on the homogeneity of time series of several meteorological parameters. Here, we present results for temperature. The differences between automatic and manual measurements are tested on breakpoints caused by instrumental defects or changes in the measurement conditions. The time series are highly correlated such that small breaks can be identified. The detected breakpoints are verified against metadata if available. In the case of no available metadata information, a procedure is suggested to identify the inhomogeneous time series (manual or automatic time series). Afterwards, the time series are homogenized. The homogenized time series are used to analyze the impact of changing the observing system from manual to automatic measurements on daily mean temperature.
Emerging carrier‐free nanosystems based on molecular self‐assembly of pure drugs for cancer therapy
Authors: Zhang Xuanbo , Li Na , Zhang Shenwu , Sun Bingjun , Chen Qin , He Zhonggui , Luo Cong , Sun Jin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe potential toxicity of nanocarrier excipients and complicated preparation technologies have impeded the clinical application of nanomedicine. Recently, pure drug‐assembled nanosystems (PDANS) have been widely investigated, due to the unique self‐assembly characteristics of pure drug molecules. PDANS provides a facile nanoplatform for developing carrier‐free nanomedicine. Herein, the recent trends in PDANS for cancer therapy are outlined. First, the emerging strategies to develop single pure drug‐based nanoassemblies are discussed. Second, co‐assembly of two or more pure drugs for efficient combination therapy is overviewed. Then, the functional self‐assembly of non‐cytotoxic agents in tumor sites is presented. Finally, the rational design and self‐assembly mechanisms of these unique nanoplatforms are highlighted.
Documentation status, gender, and health selection of immigrants: Evidence from Mexican–US migration
Authors: Lu Yao , Li Xiaoguang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRecent research has revealed an epidemiologic paradox within immigrants: undocumented immigrants often exhibit similar or even better health outcomes than documented immigrants despite their socio‐economic disadvantages. The present study examines whether this paradox partly reflects heterogeneity in immigrant health selection by documentation status and gender. We examine the case of Mexico–US immigration using data from the Mexican Migration Project, which provides premigration health and detailed migration histories. Results demonstrate notable diversity in immigrant health selection. Undocumented Mexican immigrant men are especially positively selected on health. Better premigration health also increases recurrent undocumented migration trips. Documented Mexican immigrant men, in contrast, do not exhibit a significant level of positive health selection. For Mexican women, both documented and undocumented migrants are positively selected on the basis of health, and the degree of health selection is irrespective of their documentation status. These findings suggest that immigrant health selection can operate differently depending on the risks and maturity of migration. Taking into account both documentation status and gender is essential for a more accurate understanding of immigrant health selection and has important implications for investigating the impact of undocumented status on immigrant health.
Software reliability prediction and management: A multiple change‐point model approach
Authors: Ke Syuan‐Zao , Huang Chin‐Yu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIt is commonly recognized that software development is highly unpredictable and software quality may not be easily enhanced after software product is finished. During the software development life cycle (SDLC), project managers have to solve many technical and management issues, such as high failure rate, cost over‐run, low quality, and late delivery. Consequently, in order to produce robust and reliable software product(s) on time and within budget, project managers and developers have to appropriately allocate limited time, manpower, development, and testing effort. In the past, the distribution of testing effort or manpower can typically be described by the Weibull or Rayleigh model. Practically, it should be noticed that development environments or methods could be changed due to some reasons. Thus, when we plan to perform software reliability modeling and prediction, these changes or variations occurring in the development process have to be taken into consideration. In this paper, we will study how to use the Parr‐curve model with multiple change‐points to depict the consumption of testing effort and how to perform further software reliability analysis. Some mathematical properties of proposed model will be given and discussed. The applicability and performance of our proposed model will be demonstrated and assessed through real software failure data. Experimental results are analyzed and compared with other existing models to show that our proposed model gives better predictions. Finally, an optimal software release policy based on cost‐reliability criteria is proposed and studied. The main purpose is aimed at minimizing the total cost of software development when a reliability objective is given.
Counting tropical rational curves with cross-ratio constraints
Authors: Goldner Christoph 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe enumerate rational curves in toric surfaces passing through points and satisfying cross-ratio constraints using tropical and combinatorial methods. Our starting point is (Tyomkin in Adv Math 305:1356–1383, 2017), where a tropical-algebraic correspondence theorem was proved that relates counts of rational curves in toric varieties that satisfy point conditions and cross-ratio constraints to the analogous tropical counts. We proceed in two steps: based on tropical intersection theory we first study tropical cross-ratios and introduce degenerated cross-ratios. Second we provide a lattice path algorithm that produces all rational tropical curves satisfying such degenerated conditions explicitly. In a special case simpler combinatorial objects, so-called cross-ratio floor diagrams, are introduced which can be used to determine these enumerative numbers as well.
High performance piezoelectric AlN MEMS resonators for precise sensing in liquids
Authors: Schneider Michael , Pfusterschmied Georg , Patocka Florian , Schmid Ulrich 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPiezoelectric silicon micro-machined resonators triggered in the two-dimensional roof-tile shaped mode exhibit exceptionally high quality factors even in highly viscous liquids. In combination with an all-electric readout, this enables precise measurements in liquid media with high output signals, if the electrode design and the anchor geometry are tailored to match the selected order of the roof-tile shaped mode. This paper provides an overview of this promising class of resonator modes for micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and highlights three application scenarios. In the food industry, the MEMS sensor can be used to monitor the fermentation process in wine by tracking the density and hence, the concentration of ethanol. In technical lubricants, the concentration of ferrous particles can be monitored by integrating a magnetic actuator on the resonator. Finally, even in highly viscous bitumen, the MEMS sensor is successfully used to measure the viscosity of this material.
Groundwater connectivity of a sheared gneiss aquifer in the Cauvery River basin, India
Authors: L. Collins Sarah , Loveless Sian E. , Muddu Sekhar , Buvaneshwari Sriramulu , Palamakumbura Romesh N. , Krabbendam Maarten , Lapworth Dan J. , Jackson Christopher R. , Gooddy Daren C. , Nara Siva Naga Venkat , Chattopadhyay Somsubhra , MacDonald Alan M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractConnectivity of groundwater flow within crystalline-rock aquifers controls the sustainability of abstraction and baseflow to rivers, yet is often poorly constrained at a catchment scale. Here groundwater connectivity in a sheared gneiss aquifer is investigated by studying the intensively abstracted Berambadi catchment (84 km2) in the Cauvery River Basin, southern India, with geological characterisation, aquifer properties testing, hydrograph analysis, hydrochemical tracers and a numerical groundwater flow model. The study indicates a well-connected system, both laterally and vertically, that has evolved with high abstraction from a laterally to a vertically dominated flow system. Likely as a result of shearing, a high degree of lateral connectivity remains at low groundwater levels. Because of their low storage and logarithmic reduction in hydraulic conductivity with depth, crystalline-rock aquifers in environments such as this, with high abstraction and variable seasonal recharge, constitute a highly variable water resource, meaning farmers must adapt to varying water availability. Importantly, this study indicates that abstraction is reducing baseflow to the river, which, if also occurring in other similar catchments, will have implications downstream in the Cauvery River Basin.
Leakage of rank-dependent functionally generated trading strategies
Authors: Xie Kangjianan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the so-called leakage effect of trading strategies generated functionally from rank-dependent portfolio generating functions. This effect measures the loss in wealth of trading strategies due to renewing the portfolio constituent stocks. Theoretically, the leakage effect of a trading strategy is expressed explicitly by a finite-variation term. The computation of the leakage is different from what previous research has suggested. The method to estimate leakage in discrete time is then introduced with some practical considerations. An empirical example illustrates the leakage of the corresponding trading strategies under different constituent list sizes.
Volunteer geographic information in the Global South: barriers to local implementation of mapping projects across Africa
Authors: Young Jason C. , Lynch Renee , Boakye-Achampong Stanley , Jowaisas Chris , Sam Joel , Norlander Bree 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe world is awash in data—by 2020 it is expected that there will be approximately 40 trillion gigabytes of data in existence, with that number doubling every 2 to 3 years. However, data production is not equal in all places—the global data landscape remains heavily concentrated on English-speaking, urban, and relatively affluent locations within the Global North. This inequality can contribute to new forms of digital and data colonialism. One partial solution to these issues may come in the form of crowdsourcing and volunteer geographic information (VGI), which allow Global South populations to produce their own data. Despite initial optimism about these approaches, many challenges and research gaps remain in understanding the opportunities and barriers that organizations endemic to the Global South face in carrying out their own sustainable crowdsourcing projects. What opportunities and barriers do these endemic organizations face when trying to carry out mapping projects driven by their own goals and desires? This paper contributes answers to this question by examining a VGI project that is currently mapping public libraries across the African continent. Our findings highlight how dramatically digital divides can bias crowdsourcing results; the importance of local cultural views in influencing participation in crowdsourcing; and the continued importance of traditional, authoritative organizations for crowdsourcing. These findings offer important lessons for researchers and organizations attempting to develop their own VGI projects in the Global South.
Commentary on Ferguson, et al., “Impact of Non-pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) to Reduce COVID-19 Mortality and Healthcare Demand”
Authors: Eubank S. , Eckstrand I. , Lewis B. , Venkatramanan S. , Marathe M. , Barrett C. L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA recent manuscript (Ferguson et al. in Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce COVID-19 mortality and healthcare demand, Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team, London, 2020. https://www.imperial.ac.uk/media/imperial-college/medicine/sph/ide/gida-fellowships/Imperial-College-COVID19-NPI-modelling-16-03-2020.pdf) from Imperial College modelers examining ways to mitigate and control the spread of COVID-19 has attracted much attention. In this paper, we will discuss a coarse taxonomy of models and explore the context and significance of the Imperial College and other models in contributing to the analysis of COVID-19.
Effects of violent political conflict on the supply, demand and fragmentation of fresh food markets
Authors: Bar-Nahum Ziv , Finkelshtain Israel , Ihle Rico , Rubin Ofir D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractViolent political conflict has been documented to have comprehensive adverse effects on economic activity and, thus, substantially harm social welfare. As conflict escalations are often reported to fragment economic space, we suggest an empirical framework which allows for estimating changes in the size of markets often split by frontlines. This approach uses a differentiated goods oligopoly model to separate effects of conflict intensity on consumer demand, costs of trade, market size, and market structure. We combine daily sales of apples in Hebron - one of the focal points of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict - and variables quantifying complementary aspects of conflict intensity. Conflict is found to suppress demand and affect competition more significantly than it increases costs of trading. Simulations indicate a 15% reduction in total daily consumption during conflict of high intensity while a pacification would yield a 20% welfare gain. This empirical framework allows disentangling the effects of conflict on food markets. The results suggest that relief policies should consider alleviating effects of fragmentation of economic space, e.g., by ensuring humanitarian corridors.
Urbanisation is associated with reduced Nosema sp. infection, higher colony strength and higher richness of foraged pollen in honeybees
Authors: Samuelson Ash E. , Gill Richard J. , Leadbeater Ellouise 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBees are vital pollinators, but are faced with numerous threats that include loss of floral resources and emerging parasites amongst others. Urbanisation is a rapidly expanding driver of land-use change that may interact with these two major threats to bees. Here we investigated effects of urbanisation on food store quality and colony health in honeybees (Apis mellifera) by sampling 51 hives in four different land-use categories: urban, suburban, rural open and rural wooded during two seasons (spring and autumn). We found positive effects of urban land use on colony strength and richness of stored pollen morphotypes, alongside lower late-seasonNosemasp. infection in urban and suburban colonies. Our results reveal that honeybees exhibit lower colony performance in strength in rural areas, adding to the growing evidence that modern agricultural landscapes can constitute poor habitat for insect pollinators.
Adaptation of a highly compressible elastomeric material model to simulate compressed expanded graphite and its application in the optimization of a graphite-metallic structure
Authors: Jaszak Przemysław 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe paper presents simulations of mechanical properties of compressed expanded graphite. To model the stress and strain states of compressed expanded graphite, a hyperelastic material model formulated by the Blatz–Ko was adapted. The idea of using this model resulted from the assumptions that compressed expanded graphite exhibits similar mechanical properties to polyurethane foam with high density. The material constant of the Blatz–Ko model was determined by numerical calculations where deformation energy equation was parameterized with the shear modulus. Such material model used in a compressed expanded graphite simulation was experimentally validated. Subsequently, the Blatz–Ko model was used in a numerical simulation of the graphite-metallic structure in the form of a spiral wound gasket which is composed of metallic and elastic tapes. This structure was subjected to an optimization process which included the reduction of stress in the elastic graphite tape obtaining the appropriate axial stiffness of the gasket. In the final stage, the optimal design of the gasket was experimentally tested. The experimental results were compared with the data obtained numerically, which allowed to verify the adapted material model and boundary conditions of the numerical gasket model.
4-t-Butylbenzylation of carboxylic acid for GC–MS analysis
Authors: Tsunoi Shinji , Yamamoto Nao , Yasuhisa Tomohiro , Akehi Riko , Suzuki Itaru , Shibata Ikuya 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe report a 4-t-butylbenzyl derivatization for the analysis of carboxylic acids by GC–MS (EI). Carboxylic acids were analyzed as a 4-t-butylbenzyl ester after the derivatization with 4-t-butylbenzyl bromide. On the mass spectra of 4-t-butylbenzyl ester, [M-15]+ ions were observed with high intensity. These ions were tertiary benzyl cations generated by the elimination of a methyl radical from molecular ions. After optimization of the 4-t-butylbenzyl derivatization conditions using microwave reactor, we established a method for the determination of the carboxylic acids in water samples. The method showed good sensitivity and good reproducibility, and was successfully applied to the analysis of rain water samples.
Text Messaging and Disaster Preparedness Aids Engagement, Re-Engagement, Retention, and Communication Among Puerto Rican Participants in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Self-Testing Study After Hurricanes Irma and Maria
Authors: Brown William , Lopez Rios Javier , Sheinfil Alan , Frasca Timothy , Cruz Torres Catherine , Crespo Raynier , Dolezal Curtis , Giguere Rebecca , Lentz Cody , Balán Iván C. , Rael Christine Tagliaferri , Febo Irma , Carballo-Diéguez Alex 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Hurricanes can interrupt communication, exacerbate attrition, and disrupt participant engagement in research. We used text messaging and disaster preparedness protocols to re-establish communication, re-engage participants, and ensure retention in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) self-test study.

Methods:
Participants were given HIV home test kits to test themselves and/or their non-monogamous sexual partners before intercourse. A daily text message-based short message service computer-assisted self-interview (SMS-CASI) tool reminded them to report 3 variables: (1) anal sex without a condom, (2) knowledge of partners’ testing history, and (3) proof of partners’ testing history. A disaster preparedness protocol was put in place for hurricanes in Puerto Rico. We analyzed 6315 messages from participants (N = 12) active at the time of Hurricanes Irma and Maria. Disaster preparedness narratives were assessed.

Results:
All participants were able to communicate sexual behavior and HIV testing via SMS-CASI within 30 days following María. Some participants (n = 5, 42%) also communicated questions. Re-engagement within 30 days after the hurricane was 100% (second week/89%, third week/100%). Participant re-engagement ranged from 0–16 days (average = 6.4 days). Retention was 100%.

Conclusions:
Daily SMS-CASI and disaster preparedness protocols helped participant engagement and communication after 2 hurricanes. SMS-CASI responses indicated high participant re-engagement, retention, and well-being.
Programming the USSR: Leonid V. Kantorovich in context
Authors: BOLDYREV IVAN , DÜPPE TILL 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the wake of Stalin's death, many Soviet scientists saw the opportunity to promote their methods as tools for the engineering of economic prosperity in the socialist state. The mathematician Leonid Kantorovich (1912–1986) was a key activist in academic politics that led to the increasing acceptance of what emerged as a new scientific persona in the Soviet Union. Rather than thinking of his work in terms of success or failure, we propose to see his career as exemplifying a distinct form of scholarship, as a partisan technocrat, characteristic of the Soviet system of knowledge production. Confronting the class of orthodox economists, many factors were at work, including Kantorovich's cautious character and his allies in the Academy of Sciences. Drawing on archival and oral sources, we demonstrate how Kantorovich, throughout his career, negotiated the relations between mathematics and economics, reinterpreted political and ideological frames, and reshaped the balance of power in the Soviet academic landscape.