bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance of TruNatomy in single and double curvature canals compared with different nickel-titanium rotary instruments
Authors: Elnaghy Amr M. , Elsaka Shaymaa E , Mandorah Ayman 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of newly developed TruNatomy instruments (TRN) in single and double (S-shaped) curvature canals with HyFlex CM (HCM), Vortex Blue (VB) and RaCe (RC) instruments. Methods: Size 20/.04 taper and size 25/0.04 of HCM, VB and RC were used. For TRN instruments, size 20/.04 taper (small) and size 26/.04 taper (prime) were used. The instruments were tested in artificial canals with double curvature (coronal curve; 60° curvature, 5 mm radius and apical curve; 70° curvature and 2 mm radius) and single curvature (60° curvature, 5 mm radius). The number of cycles to failure (NCF) was recorded. Data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s multiple comparison tests. Weibull analysis was performed on NCF data. Statistical significant was set at p < 0.05. Results: TRN and HCM revealed higher NCF compared with the other instruments for both tested sizes in single and double curvature canals (p < 0.05). TRN and HCM showed no statistically significant difference in the NCF (p > 0.05). The probability of survival was higher for HCM and TRN instruments than VB and RC instruments. Conclusions: HCM and TRN instruments were more resistant to cyclic fatigue than VB and RC instruments in single and double curvature canals. HCM and TRN instruments were anticipated to survive with higher number of cycles than the other tested instruments. RC instrument had the lowest fatigue resistance than the other instruments.
Avatar-based versus conventional vital sign display in a central monitor for monitoring multiple patients: A multicenter computer-based laboratory study.
Authors: Garot Olivier , Rössler Julian , Pfarr Juliane , Ganter Michael T. , Spahn Donat R. , Nöthiger Christoph B. , Tscholl David Werner 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Maintaining adequate situation awareness is crucial for patient safety. Previous studies found that the use of avatar-based monitoring (Visual Patient Technology) improved the perception of vital signs compared to conventional monitoring showing numerical and waveform data; and was further associated with a reduction of perceived workload. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Visual Patient Technology on perceptive performance and perceived workload when monitoring multiple patients at the same time, such as in central station monitors in intensive care units or operating rooms. Methods A prospective, within-subject, computer-based laboratory study was performed in two tertiary care hospitals in Switzerland in 2018. Thirty-eight physician and nurse anesthetists volunteered for the study. The participants were shown four different central monitor scenarios in sequence, where each scenario displayed two critical and four healthy patients simultaneously for 10 or 30 seconds. After each scenario, participants had to recall the vital signs of the critical patients. Perceived workload was assessed with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task-Load-Index (NASA TLX) questionnaire. Results In the 10-second scenarios, the median number of remembered vital signs significantly improved from 7 to 11 using avatar-based versus conventional monitoring with a mean of differences of 4 vital signs, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2 to 6, p < 0.001. At the same time, the median NASA TLX scores were significantly lower for avatar-based monitoring (67 vs. 77) with a mean of differences of 6 points, 95% CI 0.5 to 11, p = 0.034. In the 30-second scenarios, vital sign perception and workload did not differ significantly. Conclusions In central monitor multiple patient monitoring, we found a significant improvement of vital sign perception and reduction of perceived workload using Visual Patient Technology, compared to conventional monitoring. The technology enabled improved assessment of patient status and may, thereby, help to increase situation awareness and enhance patient safety.
Effect of pregnancy induced hypertension on adverse perinatal outcomes in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Berhe Abadi Kidanemariam , ILESANMI Abiodun O. , AIMAKHU Christopher O. , Mulugeta Afework 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of pregnancy-induced hypertension in Ethiopia ranges from 2.2 to 18.3%. However, so far little is known about the adverse perinatal outcomes of pregnancy-induced hypertension in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of pregnancy-induced hypertension on adverse perinatal outcomes in Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods: a prospective cohort study was conducted on a total sample of 782 pregnant women attending antenatal care in hospitals of Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Pregnant mothers diagnosed with PIH during the data collection period in the selected hospitals were included as exposed group and normotensive women were also enrolled as a control group. Women diagnosed with pregnancy-induced hypertension between 28 and 35 weeks of gestation were enrolled for follow up to this study. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and review of their medical records from February 2018, to February 2019. The adverse perinatal outcome event includes low birth weight, birth asphyxia, small for gestational age, preterm delivery, admission to neonatal intensive care unit and perinatal death. A modified Poisson regression model with robust standard errors was used to analyze relative risk. Results: In this study, the overall incidence of adverse perinatal outcome was higher among women with pregnancy-induced hypertension than normotensive women (66.4% vs 22.2%). After adjusted for confounders women with pregnancy-induced hypertension were born babies with a higher risk of low birth weight (adjusted RR(95%CI)= 5.1(3.4,7.8)), birth asphyxia (aRR=2.6(1.9,3.8)), small for gestational age (aRR=3.3(2.3,4.6)), preterm delivery (aRR=5.2(3.4,7.9)), stillbirth (aRR=3.46(1.40,8.54)), admission to neonatal intensive care unit (aRR=5.1(3.1,8.4)) and perinatal death (aRR=3.6(1.8,7.4)) compared to normotensive pregnant women. Conclusions: Higher incidences of adverse perinatal outcomes occurred among women pregnancy-induced hypertension in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Hence health care providers should strengthen prevention, early diagnosis and prompt management of pregnancy-induced hypertension to reduce adverse perinatal outcomes of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Keywords : Adverse perinatal outcomes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, Tigray, Ethiopia
A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study of Auricular Point Acupressure to Manage Chronic Low Back Pain in Older Adults: Study Protocol
Authors: Yeh Chao Hsing , Li Cuicui , Glick Ronald , Schlenk Elizabeth A. , Albers Kathryn , Suen Lorna Kwai-Ping , Lukkahatai Nada , Salen Nicole , Pandiri Sonaali , Ma Weixia , Perrin Nancy , Morone Natalia E. , Christo Paul 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is a major health problem and the most common pain condition among those 60 years of age or older in the US. Despite the development of pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions, cLBP outcomes have not improved and disability rates continue to rise. This study aims to test auricular point acupressure (APA) as a non-invasive, nonpharmacological self-management strategy to manage cLBP and to address current shortcomings of cLBP treatment. Methods: For this prospective randomized controlled study, participants will be randomly assigned into three groups: (1) APA (active points related to cLBP), (2) Comparison Group -1 (non-active points, unrelated to cLBP), (3) Comparison Group-2 (enhanced educational control, an educational booklet on cLBP will be given and the treatment used by participants for their cLBP will be recorded). The ecological momentary assessment smartphone app will be used to collect real-time cLBP outcomes and adherence to APA practice. Treatment and nonspecific psychological placebo effects will be measured via questionnaires for all participants. This proposed trial will evaluate the APA sustained effects for cLBP at 12-month follow-up. Monthly phone follow-up will be used to collect study outcomes. Blood will be collected during study visits at baseline, post-APA treatment, and follow-up study visits at 1-, 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-months post-completion of treatment for a total of 7 assessments. Appointments will start between 9 and 11 am to control for circadian variation in cytokine levels. Discussion: This study is expected to provide vital information on the efficacy, sustainability, and underlying mechanism of APA on cLBP necessary for APA to gain acceptance from both healthcare providers and patients, which would provide a strong impetus for including APA as part of cLBP management in clinical and home settings. Trial registration: NCT03589703, Registered on May 22, 2018 Keywords: Chronic low back pain, auricular point acupressure, older adults, cytokines
Establishment and Validation of a Nomogram with Intratumoral Heterogeneity Derived from 18F-FDG PET/CT for Predicting Individual Conditional Risk of 5-Year Recurrence before Initial Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Gu Bingxin , Ma Guang , Song Shaoli , Shi Liqun , Zhang Yingjian , Zhang JianPing , Yang Zhongyi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objectives Intratumoral heterogeneity has an enormous effect on patient treatment and outcome. The purpose of the current study was to establish and validate a nomogram with intratumoral heterogeneity derived from 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for prognosis of 5-Year progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods A total of 171 NPC patients who underwent pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT were retrospectively enrolled. Data was randomly divided into training cohort (n=101) and validation cohort (n=70). The clinicopathologic parameters and the following PET parameters were analyzed: maximum and mean standardized uptake value (SUVmax, SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and heterogeneity index (HI, SUVmax/SUVmean) for primary tumor and maximal neck lymph node. Cox analyses were performed on PFS in the training cohort. A prognostic nomogram based on this model was developed and validated.Results For the primary tumor, MTV-2.5, TLG-2.5, MTV-70%, and TLG-70% were significantly correlated with PFS. For the maximal neck lymph node, short diameter and HI were significantly correlated with PFS. Among the clinicopathologic parameters, M stage was a significant prognostic factor for recurrence. In multivariate analysis, M stage (P=0.006), TLG-T-70% (P=0.002), and HI-N (P=0.018) were independent predictors. Based on this prognostic model, a nomogram was generated. The C-index of this model was 0.74 (95% CI: 0.63-0.85). For the cross validation, the C-index for the model was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.62-0.83) with the validation cohort. Patients with a risk score of ≥111 had poorer survival outcomes than those with a risk score of 0-76 and 77-110.Conclusions Intratumoral heterogeneity derived from 18F-FDG PET/CT could predict long-term outcome in patients with primary NPC. A combination of PET parameters and the TNM stage enables better stratification of patients into subgroups with different PFS rates.
Cytological evidence of BSD2 functioning in both chloroplast division and dimorphic chloroplast formation in maize leaves
Authors: Li Heying , Bai Mei , Jiang Xingshan , Shen Rongxin , Wang Huina , Wang Haiyang , Wu Hong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Maize bsd2 (bundle sheath defective2) is a classical C4 mutant with defective C4 photosynthesis, accompanied with reduced accumulation of Rubisco (ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase) and aberrant mature chloroplast morphology in the bundle sheath (BS) cells. However, as a hypothetical chloroplast chaperone, the effects of BSD2 on C4 chloroplast development have not been fully examined yet, which precludes a full appreciation of BSD2 function in C4 photosynthesis. The aims of our study are to find out the role ofBSD2 in regulating chloroplasts development in maize leaves, and to add new insights into our understanding of C4 biology. Results: We found that at the chloroplast maturation stage, the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts in the BS and mesophyll (M) cellsbecame significantly looser, and the granaof chloroplasts in the M cells became thinner stacking in the bsd2 mutant when compared with the wildtype plant. Moreover, at the early chloroplast development stage, the number of dividing chloroplasts and the chloroplast division rate are both reduced in the bsd2 mutant, compared with wild type. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis revealed that the expression of both thylakoid formation-related genesand chloroplast division-related genes is significantly reduced in the bsd2 mutants. Further, we showed that BSD2 interacts physically with the large submit of Rubisco (LS) in Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation assay. Conclusions: Our combined results suggest that BSD2 plays an essential role in regulating the division and differentiation of the dimorphic BS and M chloroplasts, and that it acts at a post-transcriptional level to regulate LS stability or assembly of Rubisco.
Machine learning prediction of oncology drug targets based on protein and network properties
Authors: Dezso Zoltan , Ceccarelli Michele 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background The selection and prioritization of drug targets is a central problem in drug discovery. Computational approaches can leverage the growing number of large-scale human genomics and proteomics data to make in-silico target identification, reducing the cost and the time needed. Results We developed a machine learning approach to score proteins to generate a druggability score of novel targets. In our model we incorporated 70 protein features which included properties derived from the sequence, features characterizing protein functions as well as network properties derived from the protein-protein interaction network. The advantage of this approach is that it is unbiased and even less studied proteins with limited information about their function can score well as most of the features are independent of the accumulated literature. We build models on a training set which consist of targets with approved drugs and a negative set of non-drug targets. The machine learning techniques help to identify the most important combination of features differentiating validated targets from non-targets. We validated our predictions on an independent set of clinical trial drug targets, achieving a high accuracy characterized by an AUC of 0.89. Our most predictive features included biological function of proteins, network centrality measures, protein essentiality, tissue specificity, localization and solvent accessibility. Our predictions, based on a small set of 102 validated oncology targets, recovered the majority of known drug targets and identifies a novel set of proteins as drug target candidates. Conclusions We developed a machine learning approach to prioritize proteins according to their similarity to approved drug targets. We have shown that the method proposed is highly predictive on a validation dataset consisting of 277 targets of clinical trial drug confirming that our computational approach is an efficient and cost-effective tool for drug target discovery and prioritization. Our predictions were based on oncology targets and cancer relevant biological functions, resulting in significantly higher scores for targets of oncology clinical trial drugs compared to the scores of targets of trial drugs for other indications. Our approach can be used to make indication specific drug-target prediction by combining generic druggability features with indication specific biological functions.
Modular stem in total hip arthroplasty for patients with trochanter valgus deformity: surgical technique and case series
Authors: Kong Xiangpeng , Chai Wei , Yang Minzhi , Ong Alvin , Chen Jiying , Wang Yan , Zhou Yonggang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Trochanter valgus deformity (TVD) is a rare condition of total hip arthroplasty (THA). The femoral osteotomy might be required to correct the deformity to implant the femoral stem in severe TVD. In this study, we described one unpublished technique of reverse sleeve of S-ROM to get through the complex situation. This study aimed to summarize and evaluate its technical challenges, safety and effectiveness. Methods : From January 2006 to December 2014, the patients whose sleeves were implanted towards the great trochanter rather than sitting on the calcar, to solve the TVD in THA were enrolled. Their demographics, perioperative and postoperative information were recorded. To explore its indication, we measured and analyzed the ratio of greater trochanter/lesser trochanter (G/L ratio) and trochanter valgus angle (TVA). Results : Twelve patients (1 male and 11 female, average age 42.30±10.23) who had the complete clinical data were analyzed. The survivorship of femoral prosthesis were 100% with mean follow-up of 6 years. No other complications were found, except for two patients with intraoperative fracture of femur. The Harris hip score (HHS) increased from preoperative 34.31±14.43 to postoperative 84.12±11.33. All patients’ G/L ratio were larger than 1.50. Conclusions: The reverse sleeve of S-ROM was a reliable method for the patients with severe trochanter valgus deformity, which brought satisfying clinical outcomes in mid-term follow-up. Keywords : cementless modular stem; reverse sleeve; total hip arthroplasty; trochanter valgus deformity.
Understanding parental self-medication with antibiotics for children in China: a multi-nationality analysis
Authors: Zhou Zhongliang , Zhao Dantong , Zhang Huarui , Shen Chi , Zhu Liang , Zhao Yaxin , Cao Dan , Ren Yangling , Si Yafei , Ma Siwei , Fang Yu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Bacterial resistance has become an important public health concern which mainly caused by irrational use and self-medication with antibiotics. This study aims to explore the association between parent's nationality and parental self-medication with antibiotics under the one Chinese health service system, and further compare differences in medical knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about antibiotics amongst nationalities. Methods: Based on a structured questionnaire survey, a cross-sectional study was designed to investigate a cluster of 310 parents in an International Department of an International School in Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, including Chinese, other Asians and Occidental. Binary Logistic Regression was used to examine the association between nationality and parental self-medication with antibiotics for children. The differences in medical knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about antibiotics were analyzed by Pearson Chi-square test. Results: The proportion of parental self-medication with antibiotics on children was 20.10%, 5.00% and 2.67% for Chinese, other Asians and Occidental, respectively ( P <0.001). Chinese parents were more likely to have self-medication with antibiotics for children compared to Occidental parents (OR=8.221, 95%CI: 1.646-41.054, P <0.01 in Model1 and OR=6.086, 95%CI: 1.012-36.594, P <0.05 in Model2). Occidental parents had higher rate of correct medical knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about antibiotics than Chinese and followed by other Asians in total ( P <0.001). Conclusions: Nationality is significantly associated with parental self-medication with antibiotics for children, showing that Chinese parents are more likely to self-medicate with antibiotics for children than Occidental parents. Occidental parents perform better in medical knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about antibiotics compared to Chinese and other Asians. This study highlights that the effectiveness of more efforts placed on health educations to parents on antibiotics use from demand side beyond the supervision and regulation on health service supplier in China. Key words: Parental self-medication with antibiotics; Nationalities; Medical knowledge; Attitudes; Behaviors
Substance P participates in periodontitis by upregulating HIF-1α and RANKL/OPG ratio
Authors: Yan Kaixian , Lin Qin , Tang Kailiang , Liu Shuang , Du Yi , Yu Xijiao , Li Shu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Both substance P and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) are involved in inflammation and angiogenesis. However, the relationship between substance P and HIF-1α in rat periodontitis is still unknown. Methods Ligation‐induced rat periodontitis was established to observe the distribution and expression of substance P and HIF-1α by immunohistochemistry. Rat gingival fibroblasts were cultured and stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Recombinant substance P was applied to elaborate the relationship between substance P and HIF-1α in gingival fibroblasts in vitro. Primary mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were isolated and cultured to observe the effect of substance P on receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis by TRAP staining. Western blotting was used to investigate the expression of HIF-1α, osteoprotegerin (OPG) and RANKL. Results Rat experimental periodontitis was successfully established six weeks after ligation. Gingival inflammatory infiltration and alveolar bone loss were observed. Positive expression of substance P was found in the infiltrating cells. Higher HIF-1α levels were observed in periodontitis compared to that of normal tissues. Substance P upregulated the level of HIF-1α in gingival fibroblasts with or without 1 µg/ml LPS in vitro (*P<0.05). Substance P upregulated the expression of HIF-1α in RANKL-stimulated BMMs in vitro. Substance P also increased the RANKL/OPG ratio in gingival fibroblasts (*P<0.05). Both 10 nM and 50 nM substance P promoted RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation (*P<0.05). Conclusion Substance P participates in periodontitis by upregulating HIF-1α and the RANKL/OPG ratio.
Transcriptome analysis of lateral buds from Phyllostachys edulis rhizome during germination and early shoot stages
Authors: Shou Yuting , Zhu Yihua , Ding Yulong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The vegetative growth is an important stage for plants when they conduct photosynthesis, accumulate and collect all resources needed and prepare for reproduction stage. Bamboo is one of the fastest growing plant species. The rapid growth of Phyllostachys edulis results from the expansion of intercalary meristem at the basal part of nodes, which are differentiated from the apical meristem of rhizome lateral buds. However, little is known about the major signaling pathways and players involved during this rapid development stage of bamboo. To study this question, we adopted the high-throughput sequencing technology and compared the transcriptomes of Moso bamboo rhizome buds in germination stage and late development stage. We found that the development of Moso bamboo rhizome lateral buds was coordinated by multiple pathways, including meristem development, sugar metabolism and phytohormone signaling. Phytohormones have fundamental impacts on the plant development. We found the evidence of several major hormones participating in the development of Moso bamboo rhizome lateral bud. Furthermore, we showed direct evidence that Gibberellic Acids (GA) signaling participated in the Moso bamboo stem elongation. Together, these results expand our knowledge on the Moso bamboo internodes fast growth and provide research basis for further study.