bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel rapid immunoassay of serum type IV collagen 7S for the diagnosis of fibrosis stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases
Authors: Shima Toshihide , Ohtakaki Yukie , Kikuchi Hitoshi , Uchino Hiroki , Isomura Mitsuo , Aoyagi Katsumi , Oya Hirohisa , Katayama Takayuki , Mitsumoto Yasuhide , Mizuno Masayuki , Umemura Atsushi , Yamaguchi Kanji , Itoh Yoshito , Okanoue Takeshi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimType IV collagen 7S (T4C7S) is a valuable biomarker for detecting liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The conventional T4C7S measurement via radioimmunoassay (T4C7S RIA) has shortcomings of radioisotope usage and longer assay periods. We compared T4C7S RIA with a newly developed, fast T4C7S chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (T4C7S CLEIA) and examined the diagnostic accuracies of and correlation between the two techniques.MethodsWe evaluated 170 biopsy‐confirmed patients with NAFLD. T4C7S was measured via both T4C7S RIA and T4C7S CLEIA. The correlation between T4C7S RIA and T4C7S CLEIA was analyzed in 305 total serum samples via exploratory research and 47 validation samples. The diagnostic accuracies of T4C7S CLEIA and T4C7S RIA were compared in the sera of patients with NAFLD and test samples.ResultsSera T4C7S levels of T4C7S CLEIA and T4C7S RIA significantly correlated in patients' samples via exploratory (r = 0.914, P = 0.000) and validation (r = 0.929, P = 0.000) research. At a 10% coefficient, T4C7S CLEIA concentration was 0.26 ng/ml in the serum samples, indicating high accuracy at even low concentrations. T4C7S CLEIA revealed distinct changes between each stage and high sensitivity in detecting the F2 stage, indicating a higher sensitivity in detecting low fibrosis stages than T4C7S RIA in patients with NAFLD.ConclusionsThe T4C7S CLEIA correlated well with the T4C7S RIA. Favorably, the T4C7S CLEIA has a higher sensitivity and rapid measurement time and requires a small sample volume; thus, it is a promising and popular biomarker for fibrosis stage diagnosis in NAFLD.
Effects of a prescribed, supervised exercise programme on tumour disease progression in oncology patients undergoing anti‐cancer therapy: a retrospective observational cohort study
Authors: Salamon Georgia , Dougherty Daniella , Whiting Lauren , Crawford Gregory B. , Stein Brian , Kotasek Dusan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundExercise promotes numerous advantages in both health and disease, and is increasingly being acknowledged to improve overall survival in cancer patients. Preclinical studies indicate a direct effect on tumour behaviour, but human data on the effect of exercise on tumour progression are lacking.AimsTo capture preliminary clinical data regarding the impact of a prescribed, supervised exercise programme on cancer disease progression.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of 137 matched pairs of patients. All patients referred to LIFT Cancer Care Services (LIFT) supervised exercise programme between 2018 and 2019 were matched with non‐LIFT patients from the oncology practice database. Disease progression via staging computed tomography scans ± tumour markers was compared for each match. Secondary outcomes were changes in neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and death. Results were analysed by logistical regression and adjusted for potential confounders.ResultsPatients from the LIFT group had a 66% (OR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.61) decreased odds of disease progression and 76% (OR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.12‐0.47) decreased odds of death compared with the non‐LIFT group. No effect on the number of LIFT sessions on disease progression was demonstrated. The LIFT group had a mean final NLR reading 3.48 (−5.89 to −1.09) lower than the non‐LIFT group.ConclusionSupervised exercise programmes have the potential to significantly improve outcomes in cancer patients due to an effect on tumour progression.
Adaptation and Validation of a Chart‐Based Delirium Detection Tool for the ICU (CHART‐DEL‐ICU)
Authors: Krewulak Karla D. , Hiploylee Carmen , Ely E. W. , Stelfox Henry T. , Inouye Sharon K. , Fiest Kirsten M. 
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVETo adapt and validate a chart‐based delirium detection tool for use in critically ill adults.DESIGNValidation study.SETTINGMedical‐surgical intensive care unit (ICU) in an academic hospital.MEASUREMENTSA chart‐based delirium detection tool (CHART‐DEL) was adapted for use in critically ill adults (CHART‐DEL‐ICU) and compared with prospective delirium assessments (i.e., clinical assessments (reference standard) by a research nurse trained by a neuropsychiatrist and routine delirium screening tools Confusion Assessment Method (CAM‐ICU)) and (Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC)). The original CHART‐DEL tool was adapted to include physician‐reported ICDSC score (for probable delirium) and Richmond‐Agitation Sedation Scale score (for altered level of consciousness and agitation). Two trained chart abstractors blinded to all delirium assessments manually abstracted delirium‐related information from medical charts and electronic medical records and rated if delirium was present (four levels: uncertain, possible, probable, definite) or absent (no evidence).RESULTSCharts were manually abstracted for delirium‐related information for 213 patients who were included in a prospective cohort study that included prospective delirium assessments. The CHART‐DEL‐ICU tool had excellent interrater reliability (kappa = 0.90). Compared to the reference standard, the sensitivity was 66.0% (95% CI = 59.3–72.3%) and specificity was 82.1% (95% CI = 78.0–85.7%), with a cut‐point that included definite, probable, possible, and uncertain delirium. The AUC of the CHART‐DEL‐ICU alone is 74.1% (95% CI = 70.4–77.8%) compared with the addition of the CAM‐ICU and ICDSC (CAM‐ICU/CHART‐DEL‐ICU: 80.9% (95% CI = 77.8–83.9%), P = .01; ICDSC/CHART‐DEL‐ICU: 79.2% (95% CI = 75.9–82.6%), P = .03).CONCLUSIONA chart‐based delirium detection tool has improved diagnostic accuracy when combined with routine delirium screening tools (CAM‐ICU and ICDSC), compared to a chart‐based method on its own. This presents a potential for retrospective detection of delirium from medical charts for research or to augment routine delirium screening methods to find missed cases of delirium.
Association between rosacea and cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Jiawen , Yan Yang , Jiang Peiyu , Liu Zijing , Liu Yunyi , Liu Yixuan , Wang Xiaoyan , Li Min , Xu Yang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundRosacea and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are chronic inflammatory disorders. While CVD is the leading cause of mortality globally, increasing evidence indicates that CVD prevalence could be higher among patients with rosacea.AimsThis review aimed to determine the association between the prevalence of CVD and rosacea.Patients/MethodsA systematic review of observational studies with controls available in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases was conducted. We performed a pooled meta‐analysis using random‐effects weighting. Overall, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria, which indicated increased odds for at least one risk factor of CVD, including diabetes, high blood pressure, or dyslipidemia.ResultsThe pooled meta‐analysis indicated an association of rosacea with higher odds of insulin resistance or diabetes (odds ratio [OR], 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97‐1.45), high systolic blood pressure (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.35‐2.84), dyslipidemia (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.19‐1.88), and CVD (OR, 6.65; 95% CI, 2.80‐15.76). No publication bias was detected. The effect of confounding factors due to overlapping symptoms and lack of individual‐level data were limitations of this review.ConclusionPatients with rosacea have a high risk of CVD. However, further studies are warranted to confirm the association between rosacea and CVD.
Biodiversity food dataset: Centralizing chemical composition data to allow the promotion of nutrient‐rich foods in Brazil
Authors: Grande Fernanda , Giuntini Eliana Bistriche , Coelho Kristy Soraya , Purgatto Eduardo , Franco Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo , Lajolo Franco Maria , Menezes Elizabete Wenzel de 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCentralizing chemical composition data for biodiverse foods is an important strategy in promoting their consumption. To support this strategy, a dataset of foods based on Brazilian biodiversity was created. The set was based on data for foods produced or commercialized in Brazil; these data were previously compiled for the Brazilian Food Composition Table (TBCA), according to international guidelines. Inclusion criteria were based on the following indicators: (i) foods with description below species level; (ii) wild foods; and (iii) underutilized foods. The dataset contains 1,305 food entries, and the majority correspond to raw plant foods. Nutrient content in foods identified below species level exhibited a wide range of values. Underutilized foods presented similar or higher selected nutrient contents than commonly consumed foods. For instance, depending on the cultivar of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), vitamin A content ranged from a negligible amount to high content (0.33‐ to 3,637‐μg retinol equivalents per 100‐g edible portion on a fresh weight basis [EP]). Camu‐camu (Myrciaria dubia), a fruit from Amazon, was identified as the richest source of vitamin C (2,300 mg of ascorbic acid per 100‐g EP), corresponding to 48‐fold the content of orange. The dataset provides evidence to promote nutrient‐rich foods that may be integrated into more effective programmes and policies on nutrition and food security in Brazil. It can be accessed online, free of charge on the TBCA platform.
Seed dormancy profiles for forest dynamics plot data: focusing on a tropical seasonal rainforest in Xishuangbanna, southwest China
Authors: Liu Y. , Baskin C. C. , Baskin J. M. , Yang J. , Cao M. , Wen B. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Long‐term forest dynamics monitoring plots provide information on number of individual species in the plot, allowing us for the first time to construct seed dormancy profiles at the species and individual levels for a specific site.

Focusing on the Xishuangbanna tropical season rainforest plot (XTRDP), we used data from nine forest dynamics plots (two for tropical, four for subtropical and three for temperate) and information on kind of seed dormancy to generate seed dormancy profiles for communities across tropical to temperate latitudes at the species and individual levels. Seed dormancy information was collected from previous publications, and some data were provided by two germplasm banks that test seed germination of wild plants in China.

In XTRDP, 35% of the species and 58% of individuals have non‐dormant seeds; the dominant species have non‐dormant seeds. In all plots, the most common kind of dormancy among species and individuals with dormant seeds was physiological dormancy. At the species level, the profile for tropical, subtropical and temperate plots was similar to profiles for each of these vegetation regions. In all plots, except one subtropical plot, the percentage of species versus individuals with dormant seeds differed. All temperate plots had a higher percentage of individuals than species with dormant seeds, but this pattern was not consistent for tropical or subtropical plots.

We show that dormancy increases with latitude at both the species and individual levels. Dormancy profiles at the individual tree level provide new insight into seed dormancy relationships within plant communities.
Formation of retromer transport carriers is disrupted by the Parkinson disease‐linked Vps35D620Nvariant
Authors: Cui Yi , Yang Zhe , Flores‐Rodriguez Neftali , Follett Jordan , Ariotti Nicholas , Wall Adam A. , Parton Robert G. , Teasdale Rohan D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRetromer core complex is an endosomal scaffold that plays a critical role in orchestrating protein trafficking within the endosomal system. Here we characterized the effect of the Parkinson's disease‐linked Vps35 D620N in the endo‐lysosomal system using Vps35 D620N rescue cell models. Vps35 D620N fully rescues the lysosomal and autophagy defects caused by retromer knock‐out. Analogous to Vps35 knock out cells, the endosome‐to‐trans‐Golgi network transport of cation‐independent mannose 6‐phosphate receptor (CI‐M6PR) is impaired in Vps35 D620N rescue cells because of a reduced capacity to form endosome transport carriers. Cells expressing the Vps35 D620N variant have altered endosomal morphology, resulting in smaller, rounder structures with less tubule‐like branches. At the molecular level retromer incorporating Vps35 D620N variant has a decreased binding to retromer associated proteins wiskott–aldrich syndrome protein and SCAR homologue (WASH) and SNX3 which are known to associate with retromer to form the endosome transport carriers. Hence, the partial defects on retrograde protein trafficking carriers in the presence of Vps35 D620N represents an altered cellular state able to cause Parkinson's disease.
Variation in the MRI appearance of the canine pituitary gland
Authors: Travetti Olga , White Crystal , Labruyère Julien , Dunning Mark 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA recent publication described pathological findings in the pituitary gland incidentally discovered during routine necropsies of the brain of dogs and cats; however, imaging characteristics of these lesions were not reported. Aims of this retrospective, observational study were to characterize MRI variants and incidental lesions in pituitary glands of dogs with no clinical signs of pituitary disease. Cranial MRIs from dogs with no suspicion of pituitary disease, based on history and presenting clinical signs, were retrieved from a veterinary teleradiology database during the period of January 2014 to January 2016. Images were reinterpreted by two observers and pituitary lesions were described based on consensus. A total of 580 scans were evaluated and pituitary lesions were detected in 78 dogs (13.44%). Pituitary cystic lesions were the most common finding and occurred in 31 dogs (5.34%). Of these 31 dogs, the majority (74%) were of toy or brachycephalic breed. Partial or total empty sella lesions were detected in 14 dogs (2.41%), and all of these were small or toy breeds. A significantly increased incidence of the partial empty sella lesion was found in male dogs (P = .034). Pituitary lesions greater than 1 cm occurred rarely (0.69%). There was a significant association between low‐field (LF) MRI strength and detection of a partial or total empty sella lesion (P = .0112), and detection of a pituitary lesion greater than 1 cm (P = .0125). A significant difference was present between the MRI field strength (FS) that identified pituitary cysts and the FS that detected an empty sella (P = .0068), with the former being a high FS and the latter a LF strength. The findings from this study indicated that up to 13% of dogs with no presenting clinical signs of pituitary disease may have MRI pituitary lesions.
The role of autonomic pathways in peripheral apelin‐induced gastrointestinal dysmotility: involvement of the circumventricular organs
Authors: Sinen Osman , Bülbül Mehmet 
Published: December 2020

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?
Are central autonomic pathways and circumventricular organs involved in apelin‐induced inhibition of gut motility?

What is the main finding and its importance?
Peripherally administered apelin‐13 inhibits gastric and colonic motor functions through sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic pathways, which seems to be partly mediated by the apelin receptor in circumventricular organs.

AbstractPeripheral administration of apelin‐13 has been shown to inhibit gastrointestinal (GI) motility, but the relevant mechanisms are incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate (i) whether the apelin receptor (APJ) is expressed in circumventricular structures involved in autonomic functions, (ii) whether they are activated by peripherally administered apelin, (iii) the role of autonomic pathways in peripheral exogenous apelin‐induced GI dysmotility, and (iv) the changes in apelin levels in the extracellular environment of the brain following its peripheral application. Ninety minutes after apelin‐13 administration (300 μg kg−1, i.p.), gastric emptying (GE) and colon transit (CT) were measured in rats that underwent parasympathectomy and/or sympathectomy. Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were also collected from another group of rats that received apelin‐13 or vehicle injection. The immunoreactivities for APJ and c‐Fos in circumventricular organs (CVOs) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Compared with vehicle‐treated rats, GE and CT were inhibited significantly by apelin‐13 treatment, and were completely restored in animals that underwent the combination of parasympathectomy and sympathectomy and sympathectomy alone, respectively. Apelin concentrations were elevated in both plasma and CSF following peripheral administration of apelin‐13. APJ expression was detected in area postrema (AP), subfornical organ and organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis, and c‐Fos expression was observed in response to apelin injection. Apelin‐induced c‐Fos expression in AP was partially attenuated by pretreatment with the cholecystokinin‐1 receptor antagonist lorglumide, whereas it was completely abolished in vagotomized rats. The present data suggest that APJ in CVOs could indirectly contribute to the inhibitory action of peripheral apelin on GI motor functions.
Dynamic Behaviors of Postbuckled Thin Film on Flexible Substrates Considering Viscoelastic Effects
Authors: Wang Yi , Cui Xinbo , Fu Haoran , Zhao Qi , Li Yuhang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractStretchable electronic systems based on controllable compressive buckling can be further endowed with superior compliance and stretchability. However, such systems are usually restrained by the interference from different loads in practical applications, so it is desirable to study their dynamic behaviors. In this article, an analytical model is developed on the linear free vibrations of a buckled thin film attached to a flexible substrate, whose results can be verified by the finite element analysis (FEA). In the model, the film is considered as an Euler–Bernoulli beam, and the substrate is assumed as a Pasternak foundation with Kelvin viscoelasticity. The natural frequencies and their corresponding vibration modes of the buckled film with the substrate are obtained. The results indicate that the increases of stiffness and damping of the substrate have negative effects on the natural frequencies. The damping influences the low-order modes a lot but not the high-order modes. This study may provide some suggestions for the dynamic design of buckled thin films on flexible substrates. For example, the controllable vibration attenuation can be achieved by choosing the substrate with appropriate viscoelasticity.
COVID-19 in children treated with immunosuppressive medication for kidney diseases
Authors: Marlais Matko , Wlodkowski Tanja , Al-Akash Samhar , Ananin Petr , Bandi Varun Kumar , Baudouin Veronique , Boyer Olivia , Vásquez Luciola , Govindan Sukanya , Hooman Nakysa , Ijaz Iftikhar , Loza Reyner , Melgosa Marta , Pande Nivedita , Pape Lars , Saha Anshuman , Samsonov Dmitry , Schreuder Michiel F , Sharma Jyoti , Siddiqui Sahar , Sinha Rajiv , Stewart Heather , Tasic Velibor , Tönshoff Burkhard , Twombley Katherine , Upadhyay Kiran , Vivarelli Marina , Weaver Donald J , Woroniecki Robert , Schaefer Franz , Tullus Kjell 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundChildren are recognised as at lower risk of severe COVID-19 compared with adults, but the impact of immunosuppression is yet to be determined. This study aims to describe the clinical course of COVID-19 in children with kidney disease taking immunosuppressive medication and to assess disease severity.MethodsCross-sectional study hosted by the European Rare Kidney Disease Reference Network and supported by the European, Asian and International paediatric nephrology societies. Anonymised data were submitted online for any child (age <20 years) with COVID-19 taking immunosuppressive medication for a kidney condition. Study recruited for 16 weeks from 15 March 2020 to 05 July 2020. The primary outcome was severity of COVID-19.Results113 children were reported in this study from 30 different countries. Median age: 13 years (49% male). Main underlying reasons for immunosuppressive therapy: kidney transplant (47%), nephrotic syndrome (27%), systemic lupus erythematosus (10%). Immunosuppressive medications used include: glucocorticoids (76%), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (54%), tacrolimus/ciclosporine A (58%), rituximab/ofatumumab (11%). 78% required no respiratory support during COVID-19 illness, 5% required bi-level positive airway pressure or ventilation. Four children died; all deaths reported were from low-income countries with associated comorbidities. There was no significant difference in severity of COVID-19 based on gender, dialysis status, underlying kidney condition, and type or number of immunosuppressive medications.ConclusionsThis global study shows most children with a kidney disease taking immunosuppressive medication have mild disease with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We therefore suggest that children on immunosuppressive therapy should not be more strictly isolated than children who are not on immunosuppressive therapy.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and postnatal growth following extremely preterm birth
Authors: Dassios Theodore , Williams Emma E , Hickey Ann , Bunce Catey , Greenough Anne 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesTo report the current incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and to compare changes in weight and head circumference between infants who developed BPD and infants who did not.DesignRetrospective, whole-population study.SettingAll neonatal units in England between 2014 and 2018.PatientsAll liveborn infants born <28 completed weeks of gestation.InterventionsThe change in weight z-score (ΔWz) was calculated by subtracting the birthweight z-score from the weight z-score at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) and at discharge. The change in head circumference z-score (ΔHz) was calculated by subtracting the birth head circumference z-score from the head circumference z-score at discharge.Main outcome measureBPD was defined as the need for any respiratory support at 36 weeks PMA.Results11 806 infants were included in the analysis. The incidence of BPD was 57.5%, and 18.9% of the infants died before 36 weeks PMA. The median (IQR) ΔWz from birth to 36 weeks PMA was significantly smaller in infants who developed BPD (−0.69 (−1.28 to −0.14), n=6105) than in those who did not develop BPD (−0.89 (−1.40 to −0.33), n=2390; adjusted p<0.001). The median (IQR) ΔHz from birth to discharge was significantly smaller in infants who developed BPD (−0.33 (−1.69 to 0.71)) than in those who did not develop BPD (−0.61 (−1.85 to 0.35); adjusted p<0.001).ConclusionsPostnatal growth was better in infants diagnosed with BPD compared with infants without BPD possibly due to more aggressive nutrition strategies.