bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A dynamic study of effect of multiple parameters on interface characteristic in double-vertical explosive welding
Authors: Sun Zerui , Shi Changgen , Fang Zhonghang , Shi Hang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Previous studies focused on the research of single parameters on the bonding quality of explosive welded composite plates. To explore the dynamic influence of multiple parameters on the interface, a VST (velocity, stand-off gap and charge thickness) function was proposed. The three-dimensional diagram clearly and intuitively showed that the collision velocity was comprehensively affected by the explosive thickness and stand-off gap. Four different sets of parameters were chosen and the composite plates were successfully manufactured in the experiment of double vertical explosive welding (DVEW). The interface morphology, element distribution and the mechanical property were discussed respectively. The optical microscope showed that all the samples were wavy interface but the dimensions of the ripples was different. The defects, such as melting layer and island region, appeared less frequently at bonding interface when the collision velocity was lower. The grain refinement, adiabatic shear bands were found at the crest and side of wave respectively. The width of elements diffusion layer of joint increased in line with higher collision velocity. It was indicated the maximum microhardness reached 293HV at the bonding interface due to work hardening. Shear and tensile tests suggested the the mechanical property of large wave was better than that of small wavy interface. The fracture morphology showed obvious stratification and the dimple at the bonding interface was smaller in diameter and less plastic.
Solvothermal synthesis method for dual-phase Li4Ti5O12/TiO2 composites for high-stability lithium storage
Authors: Zhang YuQing , Zeng Min , Wu Xin , Bai Yuan , Li Jing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
As a promising anode material, lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) displays extremely stable cycling and high safety performance. Nevertheless, its application is hindered because of a low electron conductivity and low specific capacity. Herein, dual-phase Li4Ti5O12/TiO2 (LTO/TO) was synthesized by a straightforward solvothermal method utilizing crystallized water of lithium hydroxide to hydrolyse tetrabutyl titanate at high temperature and pressure conditions. This work demonstrated that LTO/TO composites have excellent electrochemical performance and indicated that the inherent defects of LTO can be improved by the decoration of TO. At a current density of 1.0 A g−1 (∼6 C), the discharge capacity of LTO/TO sample reached 197 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles, while LTO exhibited 180 mAh g−1. It appears that nanostructure LTO/TO composites may shorten the diffusion distance of electrons and lithium ions.
Relationships between structure and microwave dielectric properties in cotton fabrics
Authors: Mukai Yusuke , Suh Minyoung 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The microwave dielectric properties of cotton fabrics in the fabric thickness direction are investigated in relation to the fabric construction, thread count and solid volume fraction (SVF) under the five different relative humidity (RH) conditions. The dielectric constants of the fabric samples exhibits increasing trends with RH, and this is primarily due to more abundant free water in the samples. For most of woven and knitted samples, an increase in thread count results in a higher dielectric constant and this is associated with the increase in SVF. By comparing the woven and knitted samples of the same SVFs, it is found that the woven fabrics tend to have higher dielectric constants than the knitted samples at near 2.45 GHz. This observation of the dielectric properties of cotton fabrics clearly indicates that although the SVF is primarily responsible for the resulting dielectric properties of fabrics, other structural parameters must also be considered in dielectric analysis. Based on in-situ analysis of yarn orientations in the given samples, we claim that the yarn orientation plays an important role in the microwave dielectric properties of cotton fabrics.
Distinct Distress Symptom Trajectories Over 3 Years Are Associated With Baseline Illness Perceptions in Individuals With Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Chilcot Joseph , Lee Ester , Tylee Andre , Brown June , Weinman John , Hotopf Matthew , Palacios Jorge E 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Depression and anxiety symptoms (termed distress) are common among coronary heart disease (CHD) patients and associated with poor outcomes. Illness perceptions predict distinct outcome trajectories in other long-term conditions, yet it is not known how they relate to distress trajectories in CHD.

Purpose
This study aimed to examine whether baseline illness perceptions are associated with distress symptom trajectories among primary care CHD patients.

Methods
This is a secondary analysis of 803 CHD patients from the UPBEAT-UK study, who completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale every 6 months for 3 years. Baseline assessments included the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire. Using latent class growth analysis, Palacios et al. (2018) identified five distinct distress symptom trajectories (“stable low,” “chronic high,” “improving,” “worsening,” and “fluctuating”) in this cohort. Adjusted multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to test the association between baseline illness perceptions and distress symptom trajectories.

Results
Compared with the stable low distress trajectory, stronger illness identity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.31, p &lt; .01), higher perceived consequences (OR = 1.47, p &lt; .01), illness-related emotion (OR = 1.66, p &lt; .01), and illness concerns (OR = 1.36, p &lt; .01) increased the odds of having chronic high distress. Stronger illness coherence (OR = 0.89, p &lt; .05) and personal (OR = 0.77, p &lt; .01) and treatment control (OR = 0.75, p &lt; .01) reduced the odds of chronic high distress. Worsening distress symptoms were associated with weaker perceptions of treatment control, higher perceived consequences, and greater illness-related concerns and emotions.

Conclusions
Illness perceptions of CHD are associated with distress symptom trajectories. Therapeutically modifying unhelpful illness perceptions in CHD patients who experience high levels of distress could potentially improve mental health outcomes.
Bisphenol compounds regulate decidualized stromal cells in modulating trophoblastic spheroid outgrowth and invasion in vitro†
Authors: Fan Hongjie , Jiang Luhan , Lee Yin-Lau , Wong Chris K C , Ng Ernest H Y , Yeung William S B , Lee Kai-Fai 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is commonly found in epoxy resins used in the manufacture of plastic coatings in food packaging and beverage cans. There is a growing concern about BPA as a weak estrogenic compound that can affect human endocrine function. Chemicals structurally similar to BPA, such as bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS), have been developed as substitutes in the manufacturing industry. Whether these bisphenol substitutes have adverse effects on human endocrine and reproductive systems remains largely unknown. This study investigated the effects of BPA, BPF, and BPS on regulating the function of decidualized human primary endometrial stromal cells on trophoblast outgrowth and invasion by indirect and direct co-culture models. All three bisphenols did not affect the stromal cell decidualization process. However, BPA- and BPF-treated decidualized stromal cells stimulated trophoblastic spheroid invasion in the indirect coculture model. The BPA-treated decidualized stromal cells had upregulated expressions of several invasion-related molecules including leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), whereas both BPA- and BPF-treated decidualized stromal cells had downregulated expressions of anti-invasion molecules including plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) . Taken together, BPA and BPF altered the expression of invasive and anti-invasive molecules in decidualized stromal cells modulating its function on trophoblast outgrowth and invasion, which could affect the implantation process and subsequent pregnancy outcome.
Reproductive success of the threatened San Clemente Bell’s Sparrow (Artemisiospiza belli clementeae) in recovering habitats is similar to success in historical habitat
Authors: Meiman Susan T , DeLeon Emma E , Bridges Andrew S 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe San Clemente Bell’s Sparrow (Artemisiospiza belli clementeae) is a federally threatened subspecies endemic to San Clemente Island, California. Previous research suggested dependence on boxthorn (Lycium californicum) as breeding habitat and nesting substrate; however, this conclusion was based on data collected when introduced feral ungulates had severely degraded the soil and vegetation cover. Since removal of the ungulates, native vegetation has gradually increased and the San Clemente Bell’s Sparrows have expanded into areas where habitat had been unsuitable. To explore how Bell’s Sparrows use these areas, we examined reproductive metrics associated with habitat covariates gathered at 214 nest sites used by Bell’s Sparrows from 2014 to 2016. We found that nest success in boxthorn habitat, previously considered an essential habitat for Bell’s Sparrow nesting, was similar to success in alternative habitat types. Our findings contradict previous conclusions that Bell’s Sparrows were boxthorn-dependent. We believe this previously documented relationship was likely due to the lack of available alternative nesting habitat following years of feral ungulate degradation, and Bell’s Sparrows now reproduce in multiple habitat types and throughout most of San Clemente Island. Furthermore, our findings illustrate the importance of long-term monitoring and corresponding adaptive management when monitoring species in changing and recovering landscapes.
P191 MINIMALLY-INVASIVE ESOPHAGECTOMY IN TREATMENT FOR ESOPHAGEAL DISEASES
Authors: Oleksandr Usenko , Andriy Sydiuk , Olena Sydiuk , Georgiy Savenko , Andriy Klimas 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Aim
to study the benefits of the mini-invasive approach.

Background & Methods
115 esophagectomies were performed for the period from 2015 to 2018. Gastric conduit in 84 patients, colon - 2 and small intestine - 29. The study included 65 patients after I.Lewis, McKeown or transhiatal esophagectomy, who was performed esophageal replacement with gastric conduit. The first group consisted of 44 patients after open esophagectomy; second group - 21 patients after MIE (minimally invasive esophagectomy): included 8 patients - thoraco-laparoscopic McKeown surgery, 1 patient - laparoscopic transhiatal esophagectomy with anastomosis on the neck, 9 patients – hybrid minimally invasive I.Lewis surgery (laparoscopy+thoracotomy), and 3 patients – minimally invasive thoraco-laparoscopic I.Lewis surgery. The average age of patients was 53 years (13-64). 55 patients (84.6%) with esophageal cancer and 10 patients (15.4%) with benign strictures of the esophagus. There were anastomosis on the neck in 28 patients (43%) and intrathoracic anastomosis in 37 patients (57%).

Results
In the first group the average operative time was 286 minutes (240-370 min.), the average volume of blood loss was 345 ml (100-600 ml), the length of in-hospital stay was 15 days (9-29), complications: anastomosis leakage - 1 patient on the 5th postoperative day - EndoVAC system was used with a defect closure after 18 days; 1 patient - adhesive intestinal obstruction (relaparotomy, separation of adhesions). In the second group the average operative time was 400 min (370-480 min.), blood loss - 100 ml (50-200 ml), the length of in-hospital stay - 10 days (8-16), complications in 1 patient - acute strangulation with intestinal obstruction. There was no mortality in both groups.

Conclusions
The application of MIE helps to reduce the severity of postoperative pain, the length of in-hospital stay and intraoperative blood loss. This procedure should be performed in specialized hospitals with experience in miniinvasive surgery and esophageal surgery.
Natural Enemy Community Composition and Impact on Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs in Minnesota Apple Orchards
Authors: Shanovich Hailey N , Aukema Brian H , Koch Robert L 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHalyomorpha halys is an invasive, polyphagous insect that feeds on many major crops, including apple. Statewide monitoring in Minnesota has shown continued increase of H. halys populations and occurrence of this pest in apple orchards. Potential arthropod natural enemies of H. halys and other pests have not been studied in Minnesota apple orchards. The purpose of this study was to characterize the composition of natural enemy communities; compare their abundances, richness and diversities between apple cultivars using different sampling methods; and assess the impact of natural enemies on sentinel eggs of H. halys in Minnesota apple orchards. Sampling occurred during the summers of 2017 and 2018 on Zestar! and Honeycrisp cultivars in four different apple orchards. In vacuum samples, arachnids, neuropterans, and coccinellids had the highest relative abundances. On yellow sticky traps, anthocorids were the most abundant. The total predator abundance differed between the cultivars sampled across years, with more predators found on Zestar! compared with Honeycrisp. No differences were observed in richness or diversity between cultivars with the exception of yellow sticky traps in 2017, which showed a greater diversity of predators in Zestar!. Despite the abundance of natural enemies sampled, sentinel egg masses deployed in the orchards each summer suffered on average &lt;2% predation and no parasitism across years. Knowledge of differences in predator abundance between cultivars could inform management decisions; however, with current management practices, the potential for biological control of H. halys in conventional apple orchards appears low.
Drug therapy in elderly heart failure patients
Authors: Jankowska Ewa A , Vitale Cristiana , Uchmanowicz Izabella , Tkaczyszyn Michał , Drozd Marcin , Ponikowski Piotr 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Although heart failure (HF) is considered as a cardiogeriatric syndrome, elderly and very elderly patients are under-represented in the vast majority of clinical trials investigating novel drugs and therapies in this population. The homoeostatic systems of elderly subjects are very fragile, and the management of HF accompanied by numerous comorbidities requires a holistic approach towards the patient, with special emphasis not only on psychosomatic problems but also on the individual (including social) needs of each particular patient, along with the support for the family and/or caregivers. In this article, we summarize current evidence regarding pharmacotherapy of elderly patients with HF and summarize the clinical problems occurring in this population.
Workshop: Real-world data: are we ready to take up the challenge?
Authors:   Organised by: EUPHA (HTA), EUPHA (EPI) Chair persons: Chiara de Waure - EUPHA (HTA), Stefania Boccia - Italy
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Evidence provided by traditional clinical research often fails to answer patients’, physicians’ and healthcare decision-makers’ questions about real-world practice and outcomes; in fact, real-world effectiveness may considerably differ from efficacy assessed in clinical trial settings. The rise of interest in real-world data (RWD) - data routinely collected outside a controlled research environment - is driven by the increasing need for evidence in specific populations, such as comorbid or multi-treated people. RWD can also allow investigation of unanticipated, uncommon or long-term outcomes. In addition, RWD may represent the only source of information in some fields of special interest, e.g. rare diseases. Furthermore, current conditional reimbursement systems of drugs require dynamic evaluations of cost-effectiveness that have necessarily to take RWD into account. Indeed, RWD play a relevant role also in Health Technology Assessment (HTA) projects that should release the most up-to-date evidence and should be updated once new data are available. Nonetheless, common concerns about evidence derived from RWD include uncertainty about data quality, high possibility of bias, difficulties in managing a vast amount of data coming from different sources as well as legal and privacy requirements, in particular in the light of the new General Data Protection Regulation. However, HTA cannot exempt using RWD as it is entrusted to assess short- and long-term consequences of the application of health technologies, in terms of both health outcomes and costs. This workshop is an opportunity to discuss current and future challenges in the use of RWD in HTA and concerns preventing researchers from exploiting RWD full potential.

Key messages
Real-world evidence and randomized control trial data are considered mutually complementary in generating evidence and supporting decision-making. Real-world data have proved to be crucial as instrument to gather data in HTA and to support decision-making.
Near-Random Distribution of Chromosome-Derived Circular DNA in the Condensed Genome of Pigeons and the Larger, More Repeat-Rich Human Genome
Authors: Møller Henrik Devitt , Ramos-Madrigal Jazmín , Prada-Luengo Iñigo , Gilbert M Thomas P , Regenberg Birgitte 
Published: December 2019

AbstractExtrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) elements of chromosomal origin are known to be common in a number of eukaryotic species. However, it remains to be addressed whether genomic features such as genome size, the load of repetitive elements within a genome, and/or animal physiology affect the number of eccDNAs. Here, we investigate the distribution and numbers of eccDNAs in a condensed and less repeat-rich genome compared with the human genome, using Columba livia domestica (domestic rock pigeon) as a model organism. By sequencing eccDNA in blood and breast muscle from three pigeon breeds at various ages and with different flight behavior, we characterize 30,000 unique eccDNAs. We identify genomic regions that are likely hotspots for DNA circularization in breast muscle, including genes involved in muscle development. We find that although eccDNA counts do not correlate with the biological age in pigeons, the number of unique eccDNAs in a nonflying breed (king pigeons) is significantly higher (9-fold) than homing pigeons. Furthermore, a comparison between eccDNA from skeletal muscle in pigeons and humans reveals ∼9-10 times more unique eccDNAs per human nucleus. The fraction of eccDNA sequences, derived from repetitive elements, exist in proportions to genome content, that is, human 72.4% (expected 52.5%) and pigeon 8.7% (expected 5.5%).Overall, our results support that eccDNAs are common in pigeons, that the amount of unique eccDNA types per nucleus can differ between species as well as subspecies, and suggest that eccDNAs from repeats are found in proportions relative to the content of repetitive elements in a genome.
Mapping the Memory of Luther: Place and Confessional Identity in the Later Reformation*
Authors: Hill Kat 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In 1571 mapmakers Johannes Mellinger and Tilemann Stella produced a map of the county of Mansfeld, Luther’s birthplace. This article considers this map as a complex printed material object: it is far more than a straightforward representation of place as it is covered with historical details, quotations, writing and references to Luther’s life, the Reformation and Mansfeld’s history. It created a notion of Lutheran space and used this space as a form of memory-making and memorialization at a critical time in Lutheran history. The decades following the death of Luther, in 1546, were a time of crisis, when Lutheranism grieved the loss of the Wittenberg reformer while also inscribing its presence on the confessional map of sixteenth-century Europe. Mellinger and Stella’s map of Mansfeld reveals how second-generation Lutherans reconceptualized the landscape to provide an alternative way of writing Luther’s life, and how Lutherans could integrate pasts and places which were not specifically Lutheran into a providential narrative. The map addressed the tensions of tradition and novelty with its composite, hybrid form that combined space, events and person, and it historicized and reimagined space. This map demands that we think about how space functioned within a culture which wanted to remember Luther’s life and write histories in a way that could validate Lutheranism and its future, and in particular it focuses our attention on how memory-making at this specific point of existential concern shaped the Lutheran Church.
TEACHING MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING OF OLDER ADULTS IN AN INTERPROFESSIONAL EDUCATION SETTING: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Tamashunas Nina L , Smilovich-Fine Elizabeth 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Motivational interviewing (MI), a person-centered method of strengthening personal motivation for change, improves health behaviors (i.e. blood pressure control) in older adults. However, literature lacks exploration of teaching MI in interprofessional and geriatric settings. We sought to pilot and assess the utility of an MI curriculum for an interprofessional group of second-year graduate students (medical, physician assistant, nursing, and speech pathology) working with older adults. The 5-week curriculum included a 2-hour interactive workshop, a geriatric standardized patient (SP), and small group meetings with a geriatric community member. We employed a pretest/posttest design to assess perceived importance and confidence using a 5-point Likert scale and knowledge acquisition using a modified version of the Motivational Interviewing Knowledge and Attitudes Test. Feedback from students on curricular design was obtained via a post-curriculum survey. Of the 17 students enrolled, 100% (17/17) completed the pretest and posttest and 94% (16/17) completed the post-curriculum survey. Previous MI training ranged from 0 to 12 hours. Students felt more confident in their MI skills (p&lt;0.05) after the curriculum. Aggregate knowledge scores did not achieve statistical significance. Feedback indicated that students enjoyed practicing with SPs and processing feedback and would have preferred more student diversity and a more advanced curriculum. While limited by sample size, this pilot demonstrated that a brief geriatric-specific curriculum was well received and improved student confidence in MI skills. Larger studies should explore tailoring teaching methods of MI knowledge and skills in a diverse learner population working with older adults to promote health behavior change.