bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of bariatric surgery in a Colombian population
Authors: León Claudia Y. Obando , Regino William Otero , FERNANDEZ HERNANDO MARULANDA , Ballén Hernán , Otero Elder 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Obesity (OB) is defined as having a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 30 kg/m2. It has a high risk of mortality due to its association with comorbidities. Bariatric surgery (BS) is indicated for a BMI of 40 kg/m2 or of 35 kg/m2 if concurrent with a metabolic disorder.
Methods

A retrospective observational study of patients subjected to BS, such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and adjustable gastric band (AGB). A survey was applied to determine the BMI and patterns of comorbidities before and after BS.
Results

The study included 30 patients who underwent 25 RYGB, 4 SG and 1 AGB procedures. A total of 17 patients were evaluated at the one-year follow-up and all showed improvement in comorbidities and weight loss, with a mean excess BMI loss (%EBMIL) of 89.5% At the two-year follow-up, 3 patients reported a %EBMIL of 75%. At the three-year follow-up, 10 patients had a %EBMIL of 70.8%%, but 70% (7/10) still had a BMI > 30 kg/m2. Type 2 diabetes mellitus resolved in all (12/12) and the doses of antihypertensive drugs were reduced in 86.4% of hypertensive patients (11/13). Half of the patients followed a diet.
Conclusion

In our service, BS was effective one year after the procedure. After three years, BMI > 30 kg/m2 persisted in 70% of patients All diabetics were cured. The doses of antihypertensives were lowered in 86.4% of hypertensive patients. Ultrasound scan detected no fatty liver diseases at the one-year follow-up of 85.7% of patients.
Application of Gene Expression Programming, Artificial Neural Network and Multilinear Regression in Predicting Hydrochar Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Abdulsalam Jibril , Lawal Abiodun Ismail , Setsepu Ramadimetja Lizah , Onifade Moshood , Bada Samson 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Globally, the provision of energy is becoming an absolute necessity. Biomass resources are abundant and have been described as a potential alternative source of energy. However, it is important to assess the fuel characteristics of the various available biomass sources. Soft computing techniques are presented in this study to predict the mass yield (MY), energy yield (EY), and higher heating value (HHV) of hydrothermally carbonized biomass by using Gene Expression Programming (GEP), multiple-input single output-artificial neural network (MISO-ANN), and Multilinear regression (MLR). The three techniques were compared using statistical performance metrics. The coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean bias error (MBE) were used to evaluate the performance of the models. The MISO-ANN with 5-10-10-1 and 5-15-15-1 network architectures provided the most satisfactory performance of the three proposed models (R2 = 0.976, 0.955, 0.996; MAE = 2.24, 2.11, 0.93; MBE = 0.16, 0.37, 0.12) for MY, EY and HHV respectively. The GEP technique’s ability to predict hydrochar properties based on the input parameters was found to be satisfactory, while MLR provided an unsatisfactory predictive model. Sensitivity analysis was conducted, and the analysis revealed that volatile matter (VM) and temperature (Temp) have more influence on the MY, EY, and HHV.
The Role of S100A4 for Bone Metastasis in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Kim Bongjun , Kim Haemin , Jung Suhan , Kwon Jun-Oh , Song Min-Kyong , Kim Min-Kyung , Kim Hyung Joon , Kim Hong-Hee 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Prostate cancers frequently metastasize to bone, where the best microenvironment for distant colonization is provided. Since osteotropic metastasis of prostate cancer is a critical determinant of patients’ survival, searches for preventive measures are ongoing in the field. Therefore, it is important to dissect the mechanisms of each step of bone metastasis, including the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cross-talk between metastatic niches and cancer cells.Methods: In this study, we established a highly bone-metastatic subline of human prostate cancer cells by selecting bone-homing population of PC3 cells after cardiac injection of eight-week-old male BALB/c-nude mice. Then we assessed the proliferation, EMT, and migration properties of the subline (mtPC3) cells in comparison with the parental PC3 cells. To investigate the role of S100A4, we performed gene knock-down by lentiviral transduction, or treated cells with recombinant S100A4 protein or a S100A4-neutralizing antibody. The effect of cancer cells on osteoclastogenesis was evaluated after treatment of pre-osteoclasts with conditioned medium (CM) from cancer cells.Results: The mtPC3 cells secreted a markedly high level of S100A4 protein and showed elevated cell proliferation and mesenchymal properties. The increased proliferation and EMT of mtPC3 cells was inhibited by S100A4 knock-down, but was not affected by exogenous S100A4. Furthermore, S100A4 released from mtPC3 cells stimulated osteoclast development via the cell surface receptor RAGE. Down-regulation or neutralization of S100A4 in the CM of mtPC3 cells attenuated cancer-induced osteoclastogenesis. Conclusion: Altogether, our results suggest that intracellular S100A4 promotes cell proliferation and EMT in tumor cells, and that secreted S100A4 activates osteoclastogenesis, contributing to osteolytic bone metastasis. Thus, S100A4 upregulation in cancer cells highly metastatic to bone might be a key element in regulating bone metastasis.
Network dynamics of drought-induced tipping cascades in the Amazon rainforest
Authors: Wunderling Nico , Staal Arie , Sakschewski Boris , Hirota Marina , Tuinenburg Obbe , Donges Jonathan , Barbosa Henrique , Winkelmann Ricarda 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Tipping elements are nonlinear subsystems of the Earth system that can potentially abruptly and irreversibly shift if environmental change occurs. Among these tipping elements is the Amazon rainforest, which is threatened by anthropogenic activities and increasingly frequent droughts. Here, we assess how extreme deviations from climatological rainfall regimes may cause local forest-savanna transitions that cascade through the coupled forest-climate system. We develop a dynamical network model to uncover the role of atmospheric moisture recycling in such tipping cascades. We account for the heterogeneity in critical thresholds of the forest caused by adaptation to local climatic conditions. Our results reveal that, despite this adaptation, increased dry-season intensity may trigger tipping events particularly in the southeastern Amazon. Moisture recycling is responsible for one-fourth of the tipping events. If the rate of climate change exceeds the adaptive capacity of some parts of the forest, secondary effects through moisture recycling may exceed this capacity in other regions, increasing the overall risk of tipping across the Amazon rainforest.
Effects of Body Weight on the Safety of High-dose Donepezil in Alzheimer’s Disease: Post-hoc Analysis of a Multicenter, Randomized, Open-label, Parallel Design, Three-arm Clinical Trial
Authors: Hong Yun Jeong , Han Hyun Jeong , Youn YoungChul , Park Kyung Won , Yang Dong Won , Kim SangYun , Kim Hwa Jung , Kim Hyung-Ji , Kwon Miseon , Lee Jae-Hong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Donepezil 23mg is considered for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) to optimize cognitive benefits; however, this increases adverse events (AEs), which can negatively influence drug adherence. We investigated whether baseline body weight (BW) differs based on the presence of AEs, and which factors were relevant to the safety of high-dose donepezil. Methods: This study was a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter randomized trial between 2014 and 2016. We included patients with moderate to severe AD treated with donepezil 10mg/day and the daily dose was escalated to 23mg with/without dose titration. Dose titration indicates 15mg/day of donepezil before the escalation or 10mg and 23mg/day on alternate days before the escalation during the first 4 weeks. The patients were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of AEs of special interest (AESIs) to compare baseline characteristics. We also assessed relationships between BW and AESIs.Results: Among 160 safety set population, baseline BWs were different between the AESI (+) (n=67) and AESI (-) (n=93) groups. Baseline BW was inversely correlated with the occurrence of AESIs (p=0.020), and this relationship was more prominent in the no-dose titration group (p=0.009) and disappeared in the dose titration groups (p>0.05).Conclusions: BW was the most important factor which correlated with cholinergic AEs. Hence, stepwise dose-titration should be considered, particularly in patients with low BW, to minimize the inverse relationship between BW and AEs occurrence. (‘Clinicaltrials.gov’ number NCT02550665 registered on Sep. 15, 2015)
Proximal Junctional Kyphosis in Lenke 5 AIS Patients: The Important Factor of Pelvic Incidence
Authors: Zhou Quan , Hu Bowen , Yang Xi , Song Yueming , Liu Limin , Wang Linnan , Wang Lei , Zhou Chunguang , Zhou Zhongjie , Xiu Peng , Wang Liang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of the study was to investigate whether pelvic incidence (PI) will affect the occurrence of PJK in Lenke 5 AIS patients after correction surgery and try to explore a better surgical scheme based on PI.MethodsLenke 5C AIS patients that underwent correction surgery for thoracolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) curves with a minimum of a 2-year follow-up were identified. Demographic and radiographic data were collected preoperatively, postoperatively, and at the final follow-up. The comparison between the PJK and the Non-PJK group was conducted and the subgroup analysis was performed based on the preoperative value of PI to investigate the potential mechanism of PJK. ResultsThe mean preoperative Cobb angle of the TL/L curve was 53.4°±8.6. At the final follow-up, the mean TL/L Cobb angle was drastically decreased to 7.3°±6.8 (P <0.001). The incidence of PJK was 21.9% (7/32) in the low PI group (PI<45°) and 15.8% (6/38) in the high PI group (PI≥45°), and there was no statistical difference between the two groups (2=0.425, P > 0.05). The UIV of the PJK subgroup was much closer to the cranial level than the Non-PJK subgroup for the high PI group (PJK vs. Non-PJK: 6.0±1.3 vs. 8.6±1.6, P = 0.003). There was no significant difference in the selection of LIV between the two groups.ConclusionsThe incidence of PJK in Lenke 5 AIS was 18.6%. Our results found no difference in the incidence of PJK according to PI, but the mechanisms of PJK may be different for different PI values. The design of surgical plans for Lenke 5 AIS patients should take individual PI into account to decrease the incidence of PJK.
Treatment outcome following a single-visit coronal indirect restoration by a CAD/CAM technique in endodontically treated teeth with coronal contamination: A pilot retrospective study
Authors: Lin Xinwei , Chi Danlu , Tong Zhongchun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

It is not uncommon that coronal contamination might take place in some clinical cases of ETT following improper treatment choices. This clinical investigation evaluated the outcome of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) with adequate root canal treatment and less than 12 months of coronal contamination by only a single-visit coronal indirect restoration.
Methods

Twenty-five patients with less than 12 months of coronal contamination following adequate root canal treatment were selected in the period from June 2016 to June 2018, and a single-visit coronal coverage restoration was performed by a chairside computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufactured (CAD/CAM) technique. The clinical outcome was evaluated by radiographical and clinical examination at 1 ~ 3 years recall.
Results

Twenty-three patients paid a return visit at 1 ~ 3 years recall. All teeth showed no clinical symptoms and no sensitivity to percussion through single-visit coronal coverage restoration, and the radiographic examination showed no change in comparison to the preoperative perirapical X-ray. Three typical clinical scenarios are presented in detail.
Conclusions

Coronal contamination may not be a unique indicator of endodontic retreatment, and clinicians should evaluate the quality of pre-existing endodontic treatment by radiographical and clinical conditions to determine whether retreatment is necessary.
A Real-time Approach for Dynamic Scheduling Pet Activities in a Hospital
Authors: CHIOU SHIN-YAN , Dong Ya-Xin , Lin Kun-Ju 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: At present, medical personnel use manual scheduling methods to calculate usage times of PET devices, hospital beds, operating rooms, and other treatment spaces. However, as patient treatment and recovery times are unequal and uncertain, arriving times of the scheduled/temporary patients are unexpected, examination items, beds requirements, and drugs waiting times are different, and scan-again requirements are unexpected. Manual scheduling arrangements are easy to make mistakes and put pressure on employees. With changing scheduling arrangements, it is difficult to announce the estimated time to patients and their families in real time. As a result, family members keep asking medical staff about various situations and waiting time. This makes the process unstable and exhausts the medical staff. Although previous researches proposed algorithms for specific inspections to solve the equipment resource allocation problems and calculate outpatient visit time for outpatient clinics, there is no research on improving the PET process. This paper proposes a real-time automatic scheduling and control system for PET patients with Bluetooth Beacon positioning. Results: This system can automatically schedule, estimate, and instantly update the start and end time of various tasks of PET patients during examinations, and automatically allocate beds and real-time announce schedule information, allowing the schedule being automated, instant and almost optimized. Moreover, this system promptly reminds medical staffs in each area. This can greatly reduce the work of medical staff, avoid human error, improve the safety of drugs, and provide medical staff, patients and family members to view the inspection progress and estimated waiting time in real time, reducing the number of patients and family members to query medical staff. We implemented this system in an application for the Android system to prove the feasibility of the system. We also collected time data of 200 actual patients for 2 weeks in the Department of Nuclear Medicine of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, and put these data into the implementation program for simulation and comparison. It was found that the average time difference between manual and automatic scheduling was 7.32 minutes, and it could reduce the average examination time of 82% of patients by 6.14 minutes, proving the system's correctness and efficiency. To our knowledge, this paper is the first to propose a real-time automatic scheduling and control system for PET patients.
A hybrid additive manufacturing platform to create bulk and surface composition gradients on scaffolds for tissue regeneration
Authors: Sinha Ravi , Cámara-Torres Maria , Scopece Paolo , Falzacappa Emanuele Verga , Patelli Alessandro , Moroni Lorenzo , Mota Carlos 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Scaffolds with gradients of physico-chemical properties and controlled 3D architectures are crucial for engineering complex tissues. These can be produced using multi-material additive manufacturing (AM) techniques. However, they typically only achieve discrete gradients using separate printheads to vary compositions. Achieving continuous composition gradients, to better mimic tissues, requires material dosing and mixing controls. No such AM solution exists for most biomaterials. Existing AM techniques also cannot selectively modify scaffold surfaces to locally stimulate cell adhesion. A hybrid AM solution to cover these needs is reported here. A novel dosing- and mixing-enabled, dual-material printhead and an atmospheric pressure plasma jet to selectively activate/coat scaffold filaments during manufacturing were combined on one platform. Continuous composition gradients in both 2D hydrogels and 3D thermoplastic scaffolds were fabricated. An improvement in mechanical properties of continuous gradients compared to discrete gradients in the 3D scaffolds, and the ability to selectively enhance cell adhesion were demonstrated.
The Reciprocal Effects of Physical Activity and Happiness in Adolescents
Authors: Woudenberg Thabo Joshua van , Bevelander Kirsten E , Burk William J , Buijzen Moniek 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPositive associations exist between physical activity and happiness in adolescents. However, previous studies have mostly used self-reported measures and cross-sectional designs. There is a need for more insight into the directionality and duration of this association. The current study was the first to investigate whether an increase in physical activity leads to happiness and whether adolescents become more physically active when they are happier. These two effects were studied between (on a day-to-day basis) and within days (on an hour-to-hour basis).MethodsThe study used data from the MyMovez project in which 1484 adolescents between the ages of 8 and 17 years wore an accelerometer on their wrist and answered experience sampling questions on happiness at random moments during the day for several weeks in 2016–2018.ResultsThe preregistered analyses demonstrated an association between physical activity and happiness. More specifically, the number of steps per day predicted the experienced happiness on that day. In addition, a short-term reciprocal effect of physical activity and happiness was observed. Happiness was predicted by the number of steps accumulated in the previous hour and it also predicted the number of steps accumulated in the subsequent hour. However, convincing evidence was found that these effects did not occur in the long-term between days. The number of steps on the previous day did not predict happiness, nor did happiness predict the number of steps of the subsequent day.ConclusionsThis study confirms an association between physical activity and happiness in adolescents and shows that in the short-term, physical activity promotes happiness and vice versa. Therefore, we conclude that physical activity is not only important for the physical health of youth, but also plays an important role in their mental well-being. In addition, this knowledge can be used to further understand the importance of physical activity in adolescents’ health and help in promoting a healthy lifestyle among youth.RegistrationThe data used are stored at the Data Archiving and Networked Services (https://doi.org/10.17026/dans-zz9-gn44). Hypotheses, study design, sample, data collection procedure, measured variables, and plan of analysis were preregistered on the Open Science Framework (OSF, https://osf.io/64gw5/?view_only=0c6894d63eeb4cb5aa01d91d87085c56 [blinded for peer review]).
Impact Prognostic of Delayed Reperfusion Time in&nbsp;Patients With Stemi of ≤24 Hours Treated in the Emergency Department of a General Hospital
Authors: Socias Lorenzo , Frontera Guillem , Rubert Catalina , Torres Joan , Ripoll Tomas , Pascual Marcos , Carrillo Andres , Peral Vicente , Fiol Miquel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background. The patients who attend a hospital without a hemodynamic laboratory may have differences in health outcomes, treatment, reperfusion times, the rate of cardiovascular complications, hospital stay, mortality or costs may be affected. The study aimed to analyze the prognostic of patients with STEMI treated in the Emergency Department (ED) and the impact prognostic of the delayed reperfusion time in a Hospital General without hemodynamic laboratory. Methods. After ethics review board approval, this retrospective observational cohort study of patients included acute coronary syndrome with ST elevation of ≤ 24 h in the Illes Balears infarction code registry (CI-IB) between May 2008 and December 2018. The information recorded were age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, site of AMI, time delays, reperfusion therapy with fibrinolysis and primary angioplasty (PA). Cardiovascular Event (CE) was defined the combined variable: Killip class progression, malignant arrhythmias, Re-infarction, cerebrovascular disease and mortality. Results.605 patients were analyzed. The reperfusion treatment was 83,1% (80,8% with PA). 19% presented some CE. Hospital and monthly mortality was 6.8% and 7.8% respectively. The main differences between patients with and without CE were: age (66 vs 59 years); Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); previous infarction; anterior location; Door-To-Needle Time and FPC-PA time. The risk factors of CE were: age, COPD, anterior location, fibrinolysis and patients without reperfusion treatment. In the group with PA, the risk of mortality was higher in COPD (p=0.012), Symptom start –FPC time with (p = 0,084) and FPC-PA time > 90 minutes (p= 0.107). FCM-AP> 90 minutes had a higher mortality (10 vs 4.4%;HR 1,79; IC 95% 1,15-2,78; log-rank:p=0,013)Conclussions. In our cohort, most patients received reperfusion treatment and were performed within the recommended time. In ED, the pacients with a FCM-PA time longer than recommended in the guidelines and COPD had higher CE y mortality.
A Trans Fatty Acid Substitute Aggravates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Induced in Mice by Feeding a Choline-Deficient, Methionine-Lowered, L-Amino Acid-Defined, High-Fat Diet
Authors: Suzuki-Kemuriyama Noriko , Abe Akari , Uno Kinuko , Ogawa Shuji , Watanabe Atsushi , Sano Ryuhei , Yuki Megumi , Miyajima Katsuhiro , Nakae Dai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a form of liver disease characterized by steatosis, necroinflammation, and fibrosis, resulting in cirrhosis and cancer. Trans fatty acid (TFA) is hazardous for human health and a risk factor of NASH; thus, efforts have focused on reducing its intake. However, the health benefits of reducing dietary TFA are not fully elucidated. We investigated effects of TFA and its substitute on NASH induced in mice by feeding a choline-deficient, methionine-lowered, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAA-HF). Methods: Mice were fed CDAA-HF containing shortening with TFA (CDAA-HF-T(+)), CDAA-HF containing shortening with a TFA substitute (CDAA-HF-T(−)), or a control chow for 13/26 weeks. Results: CDAA-HF-T(+) contained TFA, whereas CDAA-HF-T(−) contained no TFA and much saturated fatty acids. CDAA-HF-T(+) and CDAA-HF-T(−) induced NASH in mice, evidenced by elevated serum transaminase activity and liver changes, including steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. CDAA-HF-T(−) induced more hepatocellular apoptosis and proliferative (preneoplastic and non-neoplastic) nodular lesions than CDAA-HF-T(+). Conclusions: Thus, replacement of dietary TFA with its substitute does not prevent but aggravates nutritionally induced NASH in mice, at least under the present conditions. Attention should be paid regarding future TFA substitute use in humans, and a fatty acid balance is likely more important than the particular types of fatty acids.