bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental estimates of compression heating and decompression cooling in ethylene glycol
Authors: Steele J. , Ames J. , Augustine M.P. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe chemical shift difference, Δσ, between the methylene and hydroxyl protons in the high resolution 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of ethylene glycol is shown to be pressure dependent. The equilibrium Δσ values for ethylene glycol are reported as a function of temperature and pressure between ambient conditions, 323 K and 2 kbar, respectively. This surface is used along with Δσ values measured in response to a rapid pressure increase to calculate a temperature rise that is used to infer a temperature change for water that is consistent with theoretical estimates. This work implies that compression heating and decompression cooling are not significant enough to interfere with pressure induced protein folding studies.
Health and safety issues in the Victorian workplace: An example of mandibular phosphorus necrosis from Gloucester, UK
Authors: Valoriani Satu , Eliopoulos Constantine , Irish Joel D. , Borrini Matteo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWorking conditions in factories during the Industrial Era in Great Britain have been linked to numerous occupational diseases. In this paper, the authors present a case study from Victorian Gloucester, where skeletal remains of a young male recovered from the Southgate Street 3/89 excavation exhibit osteonecrosis on the left mandibular ramus, a condition known as “phossy jaw.” The case is examined in terms of macroscopic characteristics, distribution and severity of lesions, and differential diagnosis.The lesions consist of extensive bone necrosis with periosteal reaction and sub‐periosteal new bone formation that affects the left side of the mandible. Conditions that may have produced similar changes were considered and include various forms of neoplasms, actinomycosis, and taphonomic alterations. However, these are rejected as they are not supported by the lesion characteristics.Additional supportive evidence for the case of phosphorus necrosis is offered by the historical context: In the 19th century, Gloucester was one of the main centres for match manufacture, and it is well known that individuals who were directly exposed to phosphorus fumes developed a condition known as “phossy jaw.”The potential contribution of the current analysis in our understanding of working conditions in Victorian Gloucester is evaluated.
Pre/post effectiveness evaluation of updated additional risk minimisation measures for an orphan disease: Myozyme (alglucosidase alfa) Safety Information Packet
Authors: Artime Esther , Shui Irene , Mendez Ignacio , Tcherny‐Lessenot Stephanie , D'Arbigny Pierre , Alfaro Noelia , Qizilbash Nawab 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe alglucosidase alfa (Myozyme®) Safety Information Packet (“previous SIP”) was updated to improve readability and content (“updated SIP”). We compared the previous and updated SIPs.MethodsA two‐wave pre‐post multicountry survey was conducted among health care professionals (HCPs) who prescribed or monitored patients on alglucosidase alfa in the largest European Union (“EU5”) countries and Poland. Wave (W) 2 started 15 months after completion of W1 and the implementation of the updated SIP. Changes between the waves were analysed.ResultsForty‐six HCPs (34 physicians/12 nurses) participated in W1 and 52 in W2 (42 physicians/10 nurses); 22 participated in both waves. Nonsignificant differences were observed between waves 1 and 2 for awareness (75.6% in W1 and 82.4% in W2) and receipt (77.7% in W1 and 74.5% in W2) of the SIP, reading (88.6% in W1 and 89.5% in W2) and usage (88.2% in W1 and 89.5% in W2) among receivers of the SIP, or the overall knowledge about immunological testing (61.1% in W1 vs 55.1% in W2). Frequency of performance of immunological testing was significantly higher in W2 than in W1 (50.3% vs 34.4%; P = .024) with a tendency for increases in the appropriate performance of all types of testing in W2.ConclusionsBoth versions of the SIP showed relatively high awareness, receipt, reading, and usage, with an overall trend for most measures to improve numerically in W2. The updated SIP did not require further changes.
Randomised controlled trial of internet‐delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for clinical depression and/or anxiety in cancer survivors (iCanADAPT Early)
Authors: Murphy M.J. , Newby J.M. , Butow P. , Loughnan S.A. , Joubert A.E. , Kirsten L. , Allison K. , Shaw J. , Shepherd H.L. , Smith J. , Andrews G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate internet‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) on clinical depression and/or anxiety, distress, fear of cancer recurrence, and quality of life in cancer survivors.MethodsRandom assignation of 114 participants to iCBT or treatment‐as‐usual (TAU). The clinician‐supervised iCBT program (iCanADAPT Early) consisted of eight lessons over 16 weeks. Self‐report questionnaires occurred at baseline, midpoint, and posttreatment for both groups with 3‐month follow‐up for iCBT participants. A mixed modelling approach to compare groups occurred.ResultsiCBT was superior to TAU on all outcome measures at posttreatment. Compared with TAU, the iCBT group showed a significant decrease over time in anxiety and depression symptoms (primary outcome, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Hedges g = 1.51). Additionally the iCBT group had significantly lower general distress (Kessler‐10, g = 1.56), fear of cancer recurrence (Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory, g = 0.39), and significantly higher quality of life (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—General, g = 0.74) at posttreatment compared with the TAU group. High adherence and satisfaction were found for iCBT with low clinician time.ConclusionClinician‐supervised iCBT has significant benefits for cancer survivors with clinical depression and anxiety disorders.
Inter‐country trade, genetic diversity and bio‐ecological parameters upgrade pest risk maps for the coconut hispid Brontispa longissima
Authors: Lu Baoqian , Peng Zhengqiang , Lu Hui , Yang Fan , Lin Peiqun , Chu Xiaoqiang , He Xing , Tang Jihong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDInvasions of a number of tree‐feeding beetles have increased globally and pose a mounting threat to the world's trees, production forests and natural habitats. An in‐depth understanding of the determinants of invasion potential of a given species and invasibility of novel environments can help forecast future invasions and avert undesirable socio‐economic impacts. Here, we quantitatively assess the (multivariate) drivers of historic invasions of the coconut hispid Brontispa longissima (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) across the Asia‐Pacific region and critically assess its invasion potential for other key coconut‐growing regions.RESULTSGenetic variation of B. longissima in its invaded range indicated multiple incursions, likely associated with (short‐range) natural dispersal and (long‐range) trade in ornamental palms and coconut plantlets. Interception records at China's ports of entry accentuate the role of traded planting material. The high fecundity and prolonged, yet adaptable, oviposition period of B. longissima further enhance the invasiveness of this species and aid its successful establishment. Coconut‐growing areas are identified with high climatic suitability for B. longissima, and where strengthened biosecurity protocols can prevent future invasions.CONCLUSIONA combined assessment of inter‐country trade patterns, population genetics and species bio‐ecology (e.g. climate‐related development) illuminates the dispersal pathways of invasive species, assesses invasibility of particular geographies, guides quarantine interventions and thus can effectively avert future invasions. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Characterization of 6‐bromoferulic acid as a novel common‐use matrix for matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Kato Yosuke , Hirosawa Narumi , Sakamoto Takeshi , Moriguchi Takeshi , Takayama Jun , Xuan Meiyan , Okazaki Mari , Suzuki Yuko , Hoshi Ayako , Sakamoto Yasushi 
Published: October 2019

RationaleFerulic acid (FA) is a standard matrix used for analyzing proteins. In this study, the ability of a halogenated FA to serve as an effective MALDI matrix was investigated. Various halogenated FAs were synthesized, and the characteristics and performance of each were compared with those of the standard matrices α‐cyano‐4‐hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) and 2,5‐dihydrobenzoic acid (DHBA).MethodsThe abilities of 6‐bromoferulic acid (6‐BFA), ferulic acid (FA), and eight other halogenated FA derivatives to ionize eight synthetic peptides were examined. Absorption measurements, MM2 structure optimizations, and proton affinity (PA) calculations were also performed for 6‐BFA and FA. The suitabilities of these compounds as matrices for matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) for lipids, sugar chains, polymers, cyanocobalamin, synthetic peptides, and tryptic peptides originating from two types of serum proteins were also tested.ResultsThe 6‐position of FA was found to be the best site for introducing a bromine because the generated compound allowed facile detection of cyanocobalamin and several peptides. 6‐BFA exhibited good sensitivity for large peptides (3–5 kDa) and peptides containing acidic amino acids or proline. 6‐BFA was also shown to be a suitable matrix for tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis when using MALDI time‐of‐flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) with a quadrupole ion trap (QIT) system.ConclusionsThe properties of 6‐BFA as a MALDI matrix differed from those of DHBA and CHCA. 6‐BFA appears to be a useful matrix for de novo sequencing using MALDI‐QIT‐TOF‐MS.
Partially overlapping sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra: A methodology to improve the spectra quality of veterinary drugs present at low concentrations in highly complex biological matrices
Authors: Kaufmann Anton , Maden Kathryn , Walker Stephan 
Published: October 2019

RationaleResidues of veterinary drugs in food matrices have to be detected, identified and confirmed at low concentrations. Data‐independent acquisition (DIA) methods such as the sequential window acquisition of all theoretical spectra (SWATH) permit the extraction of relatively clean spectra out of complex matrices. Such spectra can be significantly improved by using a modified SWATH algorithm which provides several times narrower mass isolation windows without affecting the cycle time.MethodsA quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer was operated in a partially overlapping SWATH mode. Unlike in conventional SWATH, acquisition sequences are not identically repeated, but each sequence is initiated with a mass intercept (mass shift). Pearson correlation is used to assign HRMS‐resolved product ions to the precursor mass of interest. Trace analytes (veterinary drugs) in a complex matrix extract (bovine liver) were investigated.ResultsUtilizing identical cycle times, the partially overlapping SWATH mode produced for the investigated small molecules a significantly higher selectivity than the conventional SWATH acquisition mode. The acquisition strategy enables long ion accumulation times and therefore the required high sensitivity of detection. The study investigates the quality of the obtained product ion spectra and compares it with that in conventional acquisition modes.ConclusionsThe modified SWATH mode permits high duty cycles in combination with narrow virtual mass windows. The technique is a further step toward harvesting a HRMS product ion spectrum out of a data‐independent acquisition which moves closer towards the quality of a dedicated precursor unit isolation product ion spectrum.
Ulipristal acetate for Japanese women with symptomatic uterine fibroids: A double‐blind, randomized, phase II dose‐finding study
Authors: Irahara Minoru , Maejima Yasuhiro , Shinbo Nobuhiro , Yamauchi Yuji , Mizunuma Hideki 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPurposeA multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and appropriate dose of ulipristal acetate (UPA) in Japanese women with symptomatic uterine fibroids (UFs).MethodsA total of 121 premenopausal women with UFs were enrolled to receive either placebo, UPA‐2.5 mg, UPA‐5 mg, UPA‐10 mg, or leuprorelin acetate (LEU), a reference drug, for 12 weeks. The primary end point was the rate of patients having achieved amenorrhea for 35 days at Week 12.ResultsThe rates for amenorrhea were 4.5%, 60.0%, 72.7%, 88.0%, and 76.2% in the placebo, UPA‐2.5 mg, UPA‐5 mg, UPA‐10 mg, and LEU groups, respectively. The median times to amenorrhea were 20.0, 5.0, 5.0, and 23.0 days for treatment with UPA‐2.5 mg, UPA‐5 mg, UPA‐10 mg, and LEU, respectively. A significant dose‐response of UPA for the rate of amenorrhea was observed. The overall incidence rates of adverse events were 45.8% in the placebo group, 56.5%‐80.0% in the UPA groups, and 100.0% in the LEU group. There were no notable safety issues with UPA.ConclusionsUlipristal acetate was effective and well tolerated in Japanese women with UFs. The recommended dose of UPA is considered to be 10 mg.
Sound Stories: Using Nonverbal Sound Effects to Support English Word Learning in First‐Grade Music Classrooms
Authors: Lawson‐Adams Jessica , Dickinson David K. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTEarly vocabulary knowledge is vital for later reading comprehension and academic success. Studies have found that augmenting explicit teaching of word meanings with nonverbal visual aids, particularly pictures and gestures, assists young learners in building rich lexical representations. Research has focused on the effects of visual supports in fostering word knowledge but has not considered the effectiveness of using sound‐based supports. Working from a semiotics perspective, the authors used a music instructional strategy known as a sound story to examine the impact of using sound effects to teach words to first‐grade students. Words were taught with explicit instruction in combination with sound effects or no sound effects during music class. All sound effects were created and performed using musical instruments in the classroom. Students’ receptive and productive definitional word knowledge were assessed. The productive measure was used as a measure of depth of word knowledge. The authors found that students had deeper knowledge of words that were taught with an associated sound effect compared with words taught with no sound effect. Analysis of the types of information students provided about words showed that students gave more contextual information and gestural responses for words that were taught with sound compared with words taught with no sound. These results provide evidence that vocabulary learning can be fostered during specialist music classes using methods familiar to music educators.
Phase transitions of the Moran process and algorithmic consequences
Authors: Ann Goldberg Leslie , Lapinskas John , Richerby David 
Published: October 2019

The Moran process is a random process that models the spread of genetic mutations through graphs. On connected graphs, the process eventually reaches “fixation,” where all vertices are mutants, or “extinction,” where none are. Our main result is an almost‐tight upper bound on expected absorption time. For all ϵ>0, we show that the expected absorption time on an n‐vertex graph is o(n3+ϵ). Specifically, it is at most , and there is a family of graphs where it is Ω(n3). In proving this, we establish a phase transition in the probability of fixation, depending on the mutants' fitness r. We show that no similar phase transition occurs for digraphs, where it is already known that the expected absorption time can be exponential. Finally, we give an improved fully polynomial randomized approximation scheme (FPRAS) for approximating the probability of fixation. On degree‐bounded graphs where some basic properties are given, its running time is independent of the number of vertices.
Synthesis and Antitumor Biological Evaluation of the Derivatives of Natural Enmein and Nodosin
Authors: Shang Xiao‐Jun , Zhang Chong , Zhao Jie , Shao Peng , Lu Hui‐Juan , Yan Fu‐Lin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the antitumor activity of diterpenoid compounds. A series of modified diterpenoid derivatives (3–26) were obtained from the natural products enmein (1) and nodosin (2), using simple synthetic methods. The structures of the synthesized compounds were established through 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. The compounds were screened using a CCK8 assay for their antiproliferative activities against K562 and HepG2 human cancer cells. Most of the target compounds showed improved antiproliferative activity against K562 and HepG2 human cancer cells compared with natural enmein (1) and nodosin (2). 6‐Propynyloxy‐enmein (13), 6‐ propynyloxy‐nodosin (25) and 6‐cyclopropylmethoxy‐nodosin (26) exhibited strong inhibitory activity against K562 cells with IC50 values of 3.58 ± 0.16, 1.89 ± 0.18, and 4.86 ± 0.30μg/mL, respectively.
An Ultra‐Sensitive Naphthalimide‐Derived Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Cu2+ in Water Samples and Living Cells
Authors: Zhang Jiao , Fan Chang‐Chun , Zhu Mei , Jiang Dao‐Yong , Zhang Han , Li Lu‐Ying , Zhang Guo‐Ning , Wang Yu‐Cheng , Zhao Hong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this work, a highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probe L based on naphthalimide derivative is developed for detection of Cu2+ ion in water samples and living cells. The probe displays excellent performance with great selectivity for Cu2+ ion detection in CH3CN/phosphate buffered saline (PBS, 10 mM, 9:1, v/v). The fluorescence of probe L is almost completely quenched upon the addition of Cu2+. The 2:1 stoichiometry of L–Cu2+ complex is confirmed by a Job's plot and ESI‐MS analysis. More evidence about the interaction mechanism of L with Cu2+ is 1H NMR titration data and density functional theoretical (DFT) studies. More importantly, the probe L with good cell permeability has been successfully applied to intracellular imaging of Cu2+ in A549 cells.
The Oxidative Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers in the Presence of N‐Hydroxyphthalimide
Authors: Opeida Iosyp O. , Kushch Olga V. , Kompanets Mykhailo O. , Litvinov Yurii E. , Zosenko Olha O. , Shendrik Alexander N. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe oxidation of vinyl compounds such as styrene, α‐methylstyrene, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile with molecular oxygen in the presence of N‐hydroxyphthalimide have been studied. It was shown that the N‐hydroxyphthalimide is efficient in initiation of the oxidative polymerization of vinyl monomers. The products of the monomer oxidation at 66 °C and 1 atm of O2 are corresponding polyperoxides and low molecular carbonyl compounds. IR‐ and 1H NMR spectroscopy confirm the alternating copolymer structure of polyperoxides with –O–O– bonds in the main chain. In the oxidative polymerization of vinyl monomers initiated with the mixtures of N‐hydroxyphthalimide and 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile or benzoyl peroxide it was observed a synergistic effect of initiators’ action. N‐hydroxyphthalimide reacts with molecular oxygen, initiator radicals or monomer to form the phthalimide‐N‐oxyl radical, which participates in the chain initiation stage and does not participate in the termination stages, which leads to a synergistic effect.
A Novel Electrochemical Sensor Based on A Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with GO/MnO2 for Simultaneous Determination of Trace Cu(II) and Pb(II) in Environmental Water
Authors: Sun Hongyan , Wang Chengxiang , Xu Yongji , Dai Dongmei , Deng Xiaoyan , Gao Hongtao 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this study, manganese dioxide hybridized with graphene oxide (GO/MnO2) nanocomposite was prepared by a facile synthesis method, which was applied to modify the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) in an electrochemical sensor of Cu(II) and Pb(II) for the first time. The morphology and structure of the nanocomposite were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction, which exhibited MnO2 had been uniformly attached to the lamellar structure of GO, resulting in more adsorptive sites. Electrochemical properties of GO/MnO2/GCE were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the result confirmed GO/MnO2/GCE had an excellent electrochemical performance. Furthermore, the important factors affecting on the sensor sensitivity, including pH value, deposition potential, deposition time and material proportion were systematically investigated using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). The interferences from other ions on the target ion have also been discussed in this study. Under the optimal conditions, the GO/MnO2/GCE exhibited the linear ranges of 0.05 ∼ 1 μM for Cu(II) and Pb(II) with the detection limits of 1.67 nM and 3.33 nM, respectively, which was much lower than some electrochemical methods in reported literatures. The work provides a novel, simple and fast method for the simultaneous determination of Cu(II) and Pb(II).
Thiazolothiazole‐Based Fluorescence Probe towards Detection of Copper and Iron Ions through Formation of Radical Cations
Authors: Sathiyan Govindasamy , Chatterjee Shovon , Sen Pratik , Garg Ashish , Gupta Raju Kumar , Singh Anand 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis work describes the design and synthesis of fluorescent triphenylamine‐thiazolothiazole based donor‐acceptor‐donor chemosensor 4,4′‐(thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole‐2,5‐diyl)bis(N,N‐bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)aniline) (TTz‐1). TTz‐1 exhibited positive solvatochromism effect in the excited state due to its strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) properties. Potential application of TTz‐1 toward metal ion detection were explored systematically. It was established that the addition of Cu(ClO4)2 . 6H2O into TTz‐1 resulted in near‐infrared (NIR) colorimetric and fluorescent quenching allowing for Cu2+ detection. EPR studies indicate that formation of radical cation occurs when Cu2+ and TTz‐1 interact. TTz‐1 was also able to detect Fe3+ employing a color change from orange to colourless (fluorescent). It was observed that the TTz‐1 emission peak at 567 nm was quenched after addition of Cu2+ and Fe3+ metal ions. Electrochemical analysis showed that LUMO values of the TTz‐1 decreased after addition of Fe3+ and Cu2+. The limits of detection (LOD) for Cu2+ and Fe3+ detection by TTz‐1 were found to be 0.30 μM and 0.29 μM, respectively. These results suggest that the TTz‐1 is a highly selective and sensitive sensor for the detection of Cu2+ or Fe3+ ions.