bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the effect of arrival time of physician and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) team on the outcome of CPR
Authors: Ezzati Ebrahim , Mohammadi Saeed , Karimpour Hassanali , Saman Javad Amini , Goodarzi Afshin , Jalali Amir , Almasi Afshin , Vafaei Kamran , Kawyannejad Rasool 
Published: November 2019

Introduction Negligence of proper time and poor performance of resuscitation team can lead to more mortality and negative consequences of cardiac arrest, as well as less survival. This study was conducted with objective of determining the arrival time of physician and resuscitation team to survive the victims of cardiopulmonary arrest. Materials and methods In this prospective and descriptive-analytic study, the resuscitation performance and the arrival time of resuscitation team in 143 inpatients who had been diagnosed with witnessed cardiopulmonary arrest were examined using a researcher-made checklist. Data analysis was performed using parametric and non-parametric statistical tests and SPSS. Results Initial survival rate was 26.6%. In general, the mean time of physician’s presence after the code announcement in minutes and seconds was 02:31 ± 01:22. It was also 02:24 ± 01:15 in successful cases and 02:34 ± 01:25 in unsuccessful cases. Independent t-test did not show a significant difference between the physician’s presence time and the rate of initial successful resuscitation (p = 0.504). The time of first shock after observing ventricular fibrillation/tachycardia (in minutes and seconds) was 01:30 ± 00:47. According to independent t-test, the aforementioned time was less than the mean time (02:31 ± 01:22) of physician’s presence (p < 0.001). Conclusions In this study, the initial survival rate in comparison to other regions in the country was almost more favorable and it was similar to global norms. In this study, the starting time of resuscitation was within the acceptable range. There was no relationship between the presence of physician and the initial survival rate of patients, as well as the use of defibrillator (by physician compared to other team members) and intubation with the initial survival rate. This could indicate the adequate performance of resuscitation team in the absence of physician on the condition of having sufficient knowledge and skill.
De la norme lingvistice la o Limbă Standard: Cazul limbii grecești moderne
Authors: Moschonas Spiros A. 
Published: November 2019

Studiul de față urmărește schimbările din varianta standard a limbii plecînd de la schimbările de la nivelul multiplelor norme ale acestei variante. Are în vedere mai ales procesul continuu de standardizare a limbii grecești moderne și pune în discuție: a) schimbarea inițială în privința planificării lingvistice, ce a cuprins trecerea de la codificarea limbii grecești moderne propusă de Jannnis Psycharis spre o codificare mai „permisivă” propusă de Manolis Triandaphyllidis; b) propagarea normelor lingvistice la nivelul maselor prin presă și prin mijloace electronice, după promulgarea legii privind „Chestiunea Limbii Grecești”; c) procesul „de-idiologizării” sau „naturalizării” normelor; d) un relativ recent caz de stilizare a unei forme lingvistice intens recomandate ca normă (nazalizarea consoanelor oclusive sonore), situație care probabil că reprezintă o nouă fază a procesului de standardizare.
Cele patru cazuri de norme variabile sînt discutate în interiorul teoriei performative a standardizării. Am recurs la abordarea întemeiată pe studiul de corpus, urmărind instanțe corective (acte metalingvistice de limbaj, de tipul: „nu se va spune, nici nu se va scrie X; se va spune și se va scrie Y”) și permisive („se poate spune sau scrie atît X, cît și Y, cu condiția ca C”). Asemenea triplete apar în texte care prescriu uzul lingvistic. Am luat în considerare mai multe tipuri de texte: gramatici oficiale, articole de cultivare a limbii apărute în presă, emisiuni de radio și televiziune, ghiduri de exprimare adresate atît publicului larg, cît și profesioniștilor care lucrează în media.
Am arătat că instanțele permisive și/sau corective formează repertorii care se schimbă de-a lungul timpului. Asemenea schimbări la nivelul normelor lingvistice produc schimbări la nivelul limbii standard. În concordanță cu teoria performativă, limbile standard sînt supuse restandardizării pe măsură ce normele lingvistice sînt supuse redefinirii. Schimbările de la nivelul repertoriilor corective sînt mărturii ale unui proces de continuă standardizare a limbii grecești moderne. Acest proces apare ca fiind mediat, i.e., a influențat și a fost influențat de practici prescriptive din mediul tipărit și al comunicării electronice de masă.
Lexical imitation and lexical creation in contemporary Romanian
Authors: Ene Ana 
Published: November 2019

The present paper analyses lexical imitation and creation in contemporary Romanian, as two important processes of developing the individual and collective lexis, along with the various forms of borrowing and the internal lexical-grammatical techniques of vocabulary enrichment.
Setting the perimeter of the investigation entails: 1) clarifying the two concepts and, due to the complexity of the phenomena and the diversity of occurrences both in the specialised language, in the non-specialized language, as well as in the colloquial and argotic language, a typological approach will follow. The subsequent objective 2) consists in the identification and description of the lexical-semantic mechanisms involved in lexical imitation and creation. Furthermore, as lexical imitation and lexical creation are substantial sources of expressiveness, my endeavour also involves 3) studying their special role in the dynamics of the slang, depending on the degree of communicational complicity determined by such special lexical items.
The accomplishment of these objectives requires a chiefly linguistic methodology and the instruments used pertain mainly to the semantic and lexical-paradigmatic patterns of analysis. Given the necessity of considering the context, the discursive parameters and the quantification of the expressiveness of the argotic terms, the present investigation will require instruments of pragma-stylistics and sociolinguistics analysis.
Imitația și creația lexicală în limba română contemporană
Authors: Ene Ana 
Published: November 2019

Lucrarea investighează imitația și creația lexicală în limba română contemporană ca fiind importante procedee de dezvoltare a lexicului individual și colectiv, alături de diversele forme de împrumut propriu-zis și de procedeele interne lexico-gramaticale de îmbogățire a vocabularului.
Configurarea perimetrului investigației presupune 1) clarificarea celor două concepte, urmată de o încercare tipologică, dată fiind complexitatea fenomenului și diversitatea ocurențelor sale, atît în limbajele de specialitate, în limbajul comun, cît și în cel familiar și argotic. Acestui prim obiectiv i se subordonează 2) identificarea și descrierea mecanismelor lexico-semantice implicate de imitația și creația lexicală. Cum imitația și creația lexicală sînt și o substanțială sursă de expresivitate, demersul nostru își propune și 3) studierea rolului aparte pe care îl dețin în dinamica argoului, în funcție de gradul de complicitate comunicațională determinat de astfel de elemente lexicale speciale.
Realizarea acestor obiective reclamă o metodologie general lingvistică, instrumentele aparținînd preponderent analizelor de tip semantic, lexical-paradigmatice. Dată fiind necesitatea luării în calcul a contextului, a parametrilor situației de enunțare și a cuantificării expresivității termenilor argotici, investigația de față va implica și instrumente ale analizei de tip pragmastilistic și sociolingvistic.
The evolutionism of the Parables
Authors: Gafton Francisc , Chirilă Adina 
Published: November 2019

Revisiting the parables in the New Testament, the authors of the present paper find elements that support the interpretation of these stories in the light of evolutionism—a concept of considerable depth. If perceived as a whole, and aside of any mystical reflection, the parables affirm the existence of a system generating and governing all the principles and entities, which, consequently, share its nature, namely its order, its equilibrium, and its vitality.
Entities have the vital force generated by an entelehic genetic datum, fundamentally positive, but which can be maintained, developed and evolved as such only as a result of the epigenetic becoming, in that direction.
Naturally for him though, the religious human being subordinates the genetic datum, the epigenetic acquired, as well as the instruments of behavioural and ideological nature to spirit and the fulfilment of God’s will.
Procedee translingvistice în conturarea portretului bi(multi)lingv din romanul Moarte în ținutul secuilor, de Caius Dobrescu
Authors: Tódor Erika-Mária 
Published: November 2019

În prezentarea de față mă voi opri asupra a două concepte, aparținînd unor domenii înrudite din cadrul științelor filologice (translingvistica și portretul personajelor) și voi urmări cum anume se individualizează o abordare lingvistică în contextul artei cuvîntului.
Situațiile translingvistice de comunicare sînt caracteristicile specifice ale conduitei verbale bi- sau multilingve și rezultă din abordarea holistică a repertoriului lingvistic al vorbitorului. Conceptul desemnează modul complex și dinamic de exprimare a vorbitorului, în care se activează resursele lingvistice adecvate contextului, depășind limitele limbilor vorbite. În analiza constituirii de sens din cadrul operei lecturate, voi încerca să urmăresc cum anume un fenomen lingvistic capătă actualizare prin arta cuvîntului ca mijloc de caracterizare a personajelor și de creare a culorii locale. În demersul euristic al investigației, după clarificarea conceptelor-cheie, voi urmări principalele forme ale constituirii spațiului translingvistic pe baza analizei corpusului elaborat după romanul avut în vedere.
Oceanic Surface Environmental Severity
Authors: Todd Andrew , Aldridge Dustin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
More than 30 years of temperature and humidity data from bodies of water across the globe were compared to a standard benchmark environment of 85 °C and 85% Relative Humidity (RH). The Peck Temperature Humidity Model provided this linkage. Results were organized by global region and severity to create a severity distribution of the natural oceanic temperature and humidity environments applicable in product testing. The severity distribution was achieved through a four-subpopulation mixed-Weibull distribution fit to the data. The result is the Oceanic Severity Model.
The Oceanic Severity Model was compared to prior research that used land-based environmental data to create a similar percent-severity approach. The ocean-based model was less severe at the extremes, but overall similar to the results found in the land-based assessment. Several military-standard-defined environments were compared to the Oceanic Severity Model. One of the military environments was found to be extremely severe when considered as representative of a 10-year natural environment, such that it is highly improbable that the environment would occur in nature.
Obstetric Admissions to the Intensive Care Unit: A 18-Year Review in a Portuguese Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Oliveira Sara , Filipe Catarina , Husson Natacha , Vilhena Isabel Rute , Anastácio Margarida , Miranda Marisa , Devesa Nuno 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Maternal mortality and morbidity are important indicators of the quality of health-care services. Obstetric admissions to an intensive care unit may be considered a marker of maternal morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, maternal morbidity and mortality of pregnant and postpartum women who required admission to the intensive care unit.Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of all the obstetric patients admitted to the intensive care unit between 2000 and 2017. Results: Ninety-three women required admission to intensive care (0.7 per 1000 deliveries, 0.8% of all adult admissions). Mean age was 30.3 years, mean gestational age was 33.6 weeks, 51 (54.8%) were primiparous, nine (9.7%) were pregnant of twins and five (5.4%) had not been followed during pregnancy. Eighty-four (90.3%) were admitted after immediate delivery. The most common reasons for admission were hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (35.5%) and obstetric haemorrhage (24.7%). Median length of stay was five days. Transfusion of blood products was needed in 23 (57.0%), artificial ventilation in 50 (53.8%) and use of vasopressors in 21 (22.6%). We observed four maternal deaths (4.3%). Most patients (95.7%) successfully recovered and were transferred to other departments. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score was significantly associated with maternal mortality.Discussion: Our results are comparable to those obtained in other studies. Maternal mortality was comparable to maternal mortality in developed countries.Conclusion: The incidence of obstetric admissions to the intensive care unit was 0.8% and 0.7 per 1000 deliveries. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were the main causes of admission. Maternal mortality was 4.3%. Studies of maternal morbidity are important and can help to improve the quality of health care services.
IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS OF STRATEGIC PLANNING AT DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAL
Authors: Dharyanti Fiany , Jati Sutopo Patria , Pramukarso Dodik Tugasworo 
Published: November 2019

Background: A strategic plan is the main reference for the management in carrying out activities to be better and more developed according to the customer’s needs. A preliminary study on documents was conducted at the District General Hospital of Dr. (H.C) Ir. Soekarno in Bangka Belitung Province which has implemented a strategic plan. It showed that there were gaps between expectation and implementation of strategic plan.Aim: This study aimed to analyze aspects affecting the strategic plan implementation, including communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure.Methods: This study was a descriptive study using a qualitative approach. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interview with 10 (ten) informants while secondary data were obtained from document analysis. The data processing and analysis were done using content analysis. The research was conducted from 2 to 31 January 2019 at the District General Hospital of Dr. (H.C) Ir. Soekarno.Results: The findings showed that the implementation process of strategic plans has some gaps. They include (1) ineffective communication, (2) resource factor (lack of quality and quantity of Human Resources, inadequate information, insufficient effectiveness of budget utilization), (3) weak disposition of some implementers, and (4) irrelevant and unadjusted bureaucratic structure.Conclusion: The implementation process of strategic plan has not worked appropriately because some aspects, such as communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure are not well-provided. This study suggests that formulators should represent all elements. The strategic planning has to be formulated by involving internal and external parties. Monitoring, evaluation, communication, and coordination among stakeholders have to be carried out. Resources need to be improved, and the hospital needs to develop organization structure and conduct disposition guide for executives and implementors.Keywords: implementation, strategic plan, hospital.
Radiobiological Evaluation of Dosimetric Plans for Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer According to Fractionation Regimen
Authors: Sukhikh E. S. , Sheyno I. N. , Sukhikh L. G. , Taletskiy A. V. , Vertinskiy A. V. , Izhevskiy P. V. 
Published: November 2019

Objective. To determine the most effective irradiation regimen (total dose and dose per fraction) for hypofractionated treatment for prostate carcinomas according the TCP/NTCP radiobiological criteria.Material and methods. Using the tomographic information of five patients with low-risk prostate adenocarcinoma as an example, the authors devised dosimetric radiation therapy plans using the volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) procedure. They considered the range of total doses of 33.5 to 38 Gy administered in 4 and 5 fractions. Based on the equivalent uniform dose concept proposed by A. Niemierko and on the computed differential dose volume histograms, the investigators modeled local tumor control probability (TCP) values, by taking into account the uncertainties of main radiobiological parameters, and estimated normal tissue complication probabilities (NTCP) for the anterior rectal wall as the organ most at risk of irradiation. An effective dosimetric plan was selected according to the UTCP criterion and the probability of complication-free tumor control, i.e. TCP (1 – NTCP).Results. The results of modeling the UTCP criterion show that with a higher total dose, the TCP value increases and so does the NTCP value, therefore the optimal radiation therapy plans are to irradiate with a total dose of 34 Gy over 4 fractions or with a dose of 36–37 Gy over 5 fractions. The difference between the fractionation regimens is that the UTCP value is achieved with a higher TCP value over 4 fractions and with a lower load on the rectal wall over 5 fractions.Conclusion. The choice of a specific fractionation regimen should be determined from the calculated values of differential dose volume histograms for each patient, as well as from radiobiological criteria, such as TCP, NTCP and UTCP.
Estimation of the Extent of Cervical Cancer Using Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Tarachkova Е. V. , Nikolaev E. V. , Shorikov М. A. , Panov V. О. , Tyurin I. Е. 
Published: November 2019

Objective. To increase the efficiency of diagnosis and estimation of the local extent of a tumor process in cervical cancer (CC) using all modalities of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI).Subjects and methods. Examinations were made in 31 patients (mean age 45±11 years) with histologically verified minimally invasive CC, who underwent surgical treatment. The investigators used the following modalities: T2 weighted imaging (T2WI); T2WI with fat signal suppression; diffusion-weighted image (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping; T1WI with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI).Results. The measured distances significantly differed from the true ones obtained from the morphological findings (p<0.05). With allowance made for the built linear regression models, the investigators generated correction formulas. The best modality of MRI in establishing the presence of parametrial invasion in CC and in measuring the actual depth of invasion was T1WI with DCE-MRI (using the images obtained 100–125 seconds after MRI contrast medium administration); the slightly worse modality was DWI with ADC mapping (with a specificity of 91%, the sensitivities of DCE-MRI and DWI with ADC mapping were 95% and 90%, respectively), and T2WI with and without fat signal suppression.Conclusion. Quantitative analysis of the extent of CC in the parametrium according to the results of complex mpMRI seems to be a possible and highly accurate method.
Quelle science pour les élevages de demain ? Une réflexion prospective conduite à l’INRA
Authors: PEYRAUD Jean-Louis , AUBIN Joël , BARBIER Marc , BAUMONT René , BERRI Cécile , BIDANEL Jean-Pierre , CITTI Christine , COTINOT Corinne , DUCROT Christian , DUPRAZ Pierre , FAVERDIN Philippe , FRIGGENS Nicolas , HOUOT Sabine , NOZIÈRES-PETIT Marie-Odile , ROGEL-GAILLARD Claire , SANTÉ-LHOUTELLIER Véronique 
Published: November 2019

L’ambition de l’Atelier de Réflexion Prospective sur l’élevage a été de repenser la place, les rôles de l’élevage et en quoi il doit se transformer pour contribuer pleinement au développement de systèmes agri-alimentaires plus durables ainsi que d’identifier des thématiques de recherches interdisciplinaires permettant d’explorer des fronts de science ou méthodologiques porteurs d’avenir pour lever les verrous de connaissances. La réflexion a été animée par un groupe de 15 chercheurs et en a mobilisé une centaine. À partir d’une analyse du contexte et des drivers d’évolution des systèmes nous proposons un nouveau cadre conceptuel et des voies de progrès pour penser l’élevage de demain. L’élevage doit s’inscrire dans le cadre de systèmes agri-alimentaires circulaires dans lesquels il doit contribuer, au-delà d’une efficience accrue des moyens de production, à la préservation de la qualité des ressources et à la production d’une alimentation à un prix abordable. Il faut repenser les systèmes pour qu’ils soient climato-intelligents et répondent aux enjeux de santé et du bien-être des animaux et des Hommes ; repenser les liens entre élevage, production végétale et territoire pour maximiser les recyclages et repenser les liens entre élevage, transformation et consommation des produits de l’élevage. Les innovations doivent être basées sur les principes de l’agroécologie complétés par ceux de l’économie circulaire et par la mobilisation des leviers des (bio)technologies et de l’innovation organisationnelle. Le texte décrit quatre grandes priorités scientifiques avec leurs enjeux de recherche et produit des recommandations pour un plan d’action.
TESTING THE DAPTOCEPHALUS AND LYSTROSAURUS ASSEMBLAGE ZONES IN A LITHOSTRATOGRAPHIC, MAGNETOSTRATIGRAPHIC, AND PALYNOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK IN THE FREE STATE, SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: GASTALDO ROBERT A. , NEVELING JOHANN , GEISSMAN JOHN W. , LOOY CINDY V. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
The vertebrate-fossil record in the Karoo Basin has served as the accepted model for how terrestrial ecosystems responded to the end-Permian extinction event. A database of several hundred specimens, placed into generalized stratigraphies, has formed the basis of a step-wise extinction scenario interpreted by other workers as spanning the upper Daptocephalus (=Dicynodon) to Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zones (AZ). Seventy-three percent of specimens used to construct the published model originate from three farms in the Free State: Bethel, Heldenmoed, and Donald 207 (Fairydale). The current contribution empirically tests: (1) the stratigraphic resolution of the vertebrate record on these farms; (2) whether a sharp boundary exists that delimits the vertebrate assemblage zones in these classic localities; and (3) if the Lystrosaurus AZ is of early Triassic age. We have used a multi-disciplinary approach, combining lithostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, vertebrate biostratigraphy, and palynology, to test these long-held assumptions.
Previously reported vertebrate-collection sites have been physically placed into a litho- and magnetostratigraphic framework on the Bethel and Heldenmoed farms. The reported assemblage-zone boundary is used as the datum against which the stratigraphic position of vertebrates is compared and a preliminary magnetostratigraphy constructed. We find specimens of the Daptocephalus AZ originate in the Lystrosaurus AZ (as currently defined) and vice versa, and discrepancies between reported and field-checked stratigraphic positions below or above the assemblage-zone boundary often exceed 30 m. Hence, the utility of the data set in defining a sharp or abrupt biozone boundary is questionable. We further demonstrate the presence of a stratigraphically thick reverse polarity magnetozone that encompasses the reported assemblage-zone boundary, implying that these rocks are not correlative with the end-Permian event, which is reported to lie in a normal polarity chron. A latest Permian age is supported by palynological data from the Lystrosaurus AZ on the Donald 207 (Fairydale) farm, with equivalence to Australian (APP602) and Eastern Cape Province assemblages. We conclude that the turnover from the Daptocephalus to Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zones is more protracted than envisioned, it is not coincident with the end-Permian event as recognized in the marine realm, and little evidence exists in support of a three-phased extinction model based on vertebrate assemblages in the Karoo Basin.