bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic workload prediction and distribution in numerical modeling of solidification on multi‐/manycore architectures
Authors: Halbiniak Kamil , Olas Tomasz , Szustak Lukasz , Kulawik Adam , Lapegna Marco 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThis work is a part of the global tendency to use modern computing systems for modeling the phase‐field phenomena. The main goal of this article is to improve the performance of a parallel application for the solidification modeling, assuming the dynamic intensity of computations in successive time steps when calculations are performed using a carefully selected group of nodes in the grid. A two‐step method is proposed to optimize the application for multi‐/manycore architectures. In the first step, the loop fusion is used to execute all kernels in a single nested loop and reduce the number of conditional operators. These modifications are vital to implementing the second step, which includes an algorithm for the dynamic workload prediction and load balancing across cores of a computing platform. Two versions of the algorithm are proposed—with the 1D and 2D maps used for predicting the computational domain within the grid. The proposed optimizations allow increasing the application performance significantly for all tested configurations of computing resources. The highest performance gain is achieved for two Intel Xeon Platinum 8180 CPUs, where the new code based on the 2D map yields the speedup of up to 2.74 times, while the usage of the proposed method with the 2D map for a single KNL accelerator permits reducing the execution time up to 1.91 times.
Polymerizable Oxime Esters: An Efficient Photoinitiator with Low Migration Ability for 3D Printing to Fabricate Luminescent Devices
Authors: Qiu Wanwan , Zhu Junzhe , Dietliker Kurt , Li Zhiquan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe development of novel visible light photoinitiators (PIs) with low mobility for 3D printing will open up new applications for photopolymerization. In this work, a polymerizable visible light PI DCCA containing an oxime acryloyl ester structure was designed and synthesized. Its linear absorption has a maximum in the visible region (400–480 nm), overlapping well with the emission spectra of conventional blue light sources, and it can effectively induce acrylate polymerization under irradiation with a 450 nm LED lamp. In addition, migration of DCCA in the 3D printed samples is very low compared with DCCB, which has a similar structure but a phenyl moiety instead of the copolymerizable acrylate as the oxime ester group. The utility of DCCA in 3D printing was demonstrated by printing a 3D object with challenging geometric features with high resolution and accuracy.
Design of an 8‐bit time‐mode cyclic ADC based on macro modeling
Authors: Hoseini Zaniar , Lee Kye‐Shin , Kwon Chun Ki 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThis work presents a macro modeling approach for the time‐mode cyclic ADC. The proposed ADC macro model is realized using the time‐to‐voltage converter (TVC) and the voltage‐to‐time converter (VTC) that are the key building blocks of time‐mode ADCs. In addition, the effect of circuit nonidealities and error sources of the time‐mode ADC including parasitic capacitance, current source output resistance, switch on‐resistance, capacitor mismatch, and comparator offset are incorporated in the macro model. The simulation time of the proposed ADC macro model showed 87.1% reduction compared to the all transistor level ADC circuit. As a result, the proposed ADC macro model can facilitate the ADC design and leverage the ADC nonideality analysis. Furthermore, the proposed macro model can be used for ADC calibration scheme development. As a practical design example, the macro model for an 8‐bit time‐mode cyclic ADC has been realized, where the nonideality analysis, design optimization, and calibration scheme development based on the proposed macro model have been demonstrated.
A new screening strategy and whole‐exome sequencing for the early diagnosis of maturity‐onset diabetes of the young
Authors: Liu Yue , Xie Zhiguo , Sun Xiaoxiao , Wang Yanfei , Xiao Yang , Luo Shuoming , Huang Gan , Li Xia , Xia Ying , Zhou Zhiguang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to establish a systematic screening strategy to select candidates for genetic testing among patients with maturity‐onset diabetes of the young (MODY) and to accomplish early diagnosis of MODY.Materials and methodsWe enrolled 1478 sporadic patients from the outpatient department of endocrinology. Out of the1478 patients, 1279 participants were successfully screened according to the “AACM” strategy, which includes the age of onset, autoantibody to islet antigen, C‐peptide and metabolic syndrome. Another six probands and their families who fulfilled the common clinical criteria for MODY were also examined for causative gene mutations. Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) was performed to examine the mutations.ResultsA total of 24 out of 1279 sporadic patients with newly diagnosed diabetes were eligible for genetic testing. Mutations were found in 4/24 participants in the cohort, as well as in 2/6 pedigrees. A likely pathogenic alteration, a likely benign alteration and three alterations with uncertain significance were identified with WES. Most of the mutant genes recognised in our trial were not the most common causative genes of MODY, and all of the mutations were specifically reported in Asian patients only, suggesting a unique genetic background of MODY in different ethnicities.ConclusionsIn this systematic study of MODY in a new‐onset diabetes cohort, MODY cases were incorrectly diagnosed as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), suggesting that an observant clinician is necessary for early and correct MODY diagnosis. This systematic approach to screening is practical and specific enough to identify patients who are most appropriate for genetic testing.
Evidence‐based treatments remain the best intervention for good long‐term outcome of severe and enduring anorexia nervosa
Authors: McIntosh Virginia Violet Williams 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMore research is needed about response to specialist treatments for severe and enduring anorexia nervosa. Current evidence suggests those with severe and enduring anorexia nervosa respond to evidence‐based treatments and continue to recover over decades. In the absence of clear guidelines to the contrary and given our understanding of the superior efficacy of specialist treatments over more eclectic treatment choices, it is our responsibility to continue to train and supervise clinicians to deliver evidence‐based treatments, irrespective of the variant of anorexia nervosa.
Longitudinal and temporal assemblage patterns of benthic macroinvertebrates in snow melt stream waters of the Jhelum River Basin of Kashmir Himalaya (India)
Authors: Sabha Inam , Khanday Shabir A. , Islam Sheikh Tajamul , Bhat Sami Ullah 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article tries to understand the dynamics involving benthic macroinvertebrate studies over 18 watersheds for a period of 2 years in the Jhelum River Basin (JRB) of Kashmir Himalaya, India. We aimed to understand this by recognizing spatio‐temporal patterns of macroinvertebrates and their relation to some environmental factors across the whole JRB. A total of 93 taxa pertaining to 3 phyla, 7 classes and 55 families were observed. Our observations revealed that taxa richness, Shannon diversity, total density and percentage of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) metrics considerably declined towards downstream regions. Summer and spring seasons have higher influence on richness, diversity and abundance of most percentage indices. Macrobenthic assemblage structure reflected significant variability with space and time having clear segregation of the downstream sites from upper and midstream reaches in canonical ordination plots. Variation partitioning models [distance‐based redundancy analysis (dbRDA)] showed water discharge and temperature as the main drivers of variation in community structure during summer, whereas fine substrate composition (% sand) and pH were revealed to define the variability in the biology of streams during other seasonal times. Pertinently, much of the variability in benthic faunal assemblages could not be deciphered by environmental drivers and therefore may be linked to other hydrochemical variables (like alkalinity, hardness, chloride and dissolved organic matter) and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus). Given the apprehension of future climatic changes, understanding spatial and seasonal influences on the macroinvertebrate assemblage structure remains highlighted here, which is crucial for baseline information as well as management of lotic Himalayan systems spanning longitudinal gradients and climatic variability.
Nanoporous Versus Nanoparticulate Carbon‐Based Materials for Capacitive Charge Storage
Authors: Chen Yao , Hao Xiaoyue , Chen George Zheng 
Published: July 2020

This article reviews recent progresses in the preparation and supercapacitor applications of selected nanoporous and nanoparticulate carbon‐based materials, namely activated carbons, graphenes and carbon nanotubes and their composites with redox materials. Simplified processing steps and graphitization are crucial for making activated carbons. Progressive liquid processing and furnace technology are mainly used in graphene preparation, including curlization, electrolyte incorporation, self‐propagating high‐temperature synthesis, molten salt technology, and flash Joule heating. Redox deposition and new dispersion methods open better routes to making carbon nanotube composites of high charge capacity. Charge storage mechanisms are compared with attention to the facts that activated carbons store ionic charges largely in desirable nanopores, while the ion‐accessible external surfaces of nanoparticulates affect the storage performance of graphenes and composites of carbon nanotubes. Especially, it is explained that pseudocapacitance can result from partial (or zone) delocalization of electrons in graphenes caused by hetero atoms, oxygen in particular. A highlight of this review is on novel molten salt densified holey graphene that has enabled a high specific energy of 618 Wh kg−1 in supercapattery.
The influence of channel morphology on bedload path lengths: Insights from a survival process model
Authors: McDowell Conor , Hassan Marwan A. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryTracer studies are a commonly used tool to develop and test Einstein‐type stochastic bedload transport models. The movements of these tracers are controlled by many factors including grain characteristics, hydrologic forcing, and channel morphology. Although the influence of these sediment storage zones related to morphological features (e.g., bars, pools, riffles) have long been observed to “trap” bedload particles in transport, this influence has not been adequately quantified. In this paper we explore the influence of channel morphology on particle travel distances through the development of a Bayesian survival process model. This model simulates particle path length distributions using a location‐specific “trapping probability” parameter (pi), which is estimated using the starting and ending locations of bedload tracers. We test this model using a field tracer study from Halfmoon Creek, Colorado. We find that (1) the model is able to adequately recreate the observed multi‐modal path length distributions, (2) particles tend to accumulate in trapping zones, especially during large floods, and (3) particles entrained near a trapping zone will travel a shorter distance than one that is further away. Particle starting positions can affect path lengths by as much as a factor of two, which we confirm by modelling “starting‐location‐specific” path length probability distributions. This study highlights the importance of considering both tracer locations and channel topography in examinations of field tracer studies. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Data sharing and privacy issues in neuroimaging research: Opportunities, obstacles, challenges, and monsters under the bed
Authors: White Tonya , Blok Elisabet , Calhoun Vince D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCollaborative networks and data sharing initiatives are broadening the opportunities for the advancement of science. These initiatives offer greater transparency in science, with the opportunity for external research groups to reproduce, replicate, and extend research findings. Further, larger datasets offer the opportunity to identify homogeneous patterns within subgroups of individuals, where these patterns may be obscured by the heterogeneity of the neurobiological measure in smaller samples. However, data sharing and data pooling initiatives are not without their challenges, especially with new laws that may at first glance appear quite restrictive for open science initiatives. Interestingly, what is key to some of these new laws (i.e, the European Union's general data protection regulation) is that they provide greater control of data to those who “give” their data for research purposes. Thus, the most important element in data sharing is allowing the participants to make informed decisions about how they want their data to be used, and, within the law of the specific country, to follow the participants' wishes. This framework encompasses obtaining thorough informed consent and allowing the participant to determine the extent that they want their data shared, many of the ethical and legal obstacles are reduced to just monsters under the bed. In this manuscript we discuss the many options and obstacles for data sharing, from fully open, to federated learning, to fully closed. Importantly, we highlight the intersection of data sharing, privacy, and data ownership and highlight specific examples that we believe are informative to the neuroimaging community.
Respiratory droplet generation and dispersal during nasoendoscopy and upper respiratory swab testing
Authors: Tan Vanessa Y. J. , Zhang Edward Z. Y. , Daniel Dan , Sadovoy Anton , Teo Neville W. Y. , Kiong Kimberley L. , Toh S. T. , Yuen Heng‐Wai 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRespiratory particle generation and dispersal during nasoendoscopy and swab testing is studied with high‐speed video and laser light illumination. Video analysis reveals droplet formation in three manoeuvres during nasoendoscopy ‐ sneezing, vocalization, and nasal decongestion spray. A capillary bridge of mucus can be seen when a nasoendoscope exits wet nares. No droplet formation is seen during oral and nasopharyngeal swab testing. We outline the following recommendations: pull the face mask down partially and keep the mouth covered, only allowing nasal access during nasoendoscopy; avoid nasal sprays if possible; if nasal sprays are used, procedurists should be in full personal protective equipment prior to using the spray; withdrawal of swabs and scopes should be performed in a slow and controlled fashion to reduce potential dispersion of droplets when the capillary bridge of mucus breaks up.
The role of long non‐coding RNAs and downstream signaling pathways in leukemia progression
Authors: Liu Yadong , Sun Penghao , Zhao Yuhao , Liu Bin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe study of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNA) is a newly established field and our knowledge about them is rapidly growing. These kinds of RNAs are unchanged parts of the genome throughout evolution, that modulate cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis during diverse physiological and pathological processes including leukemia development. They have the capability to be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis, clinical typing, prognosis, as well as potential therapeutic targets. In this study, we summarized the role of lncRNAs in the expression and function of white blood cells and oncogenic transformation into four main types of leukemia.
miR‐181a overexpression predicts the poor treatment response and early‐progression of serous ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Panoutsopoulou Konstantina , Avgeris Margaritis , Magkou Paraskevi , Mavridis Konstantinos , Dreyer Tobias , Dorn Julia , Obermayr Eva , Reinthaller Alexander , Michaelidou Kleita , Mahner Sven , Vergote Ignace , Loverix Liselore , Braicu Ioana , Sehouli Jalid , Zeillinger Robert , Magdolen Viktor , Scorilas Andreas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOvarian cancer (OC) remains a leading cause of gynecological cancer‐related death worldwide, characterized by poor 5‐year survival. Molecular markers could serve as crucial tools of personalized prognosis and therapy. Herein, we present miR‐181a as novel predictor of OC prognosis, using five independent OC cohorts. In particular, a screening (n = 81) and an institutionally independent validation (n = 100, OVCAD multicenter study) serous OC (SOC) cohorts were analyzed. Bagnoli et al (2016) OC179 (n = 124) to OC133 (n = 100) and TCGA (n = 489) served as external validation cohorts. Patients’ survival and disease progression were assessed as clinical endpoint events. Bootstrap analysis was performed for internal validation and decision curve analysis was utilized to evaluate clinical benefit. miR‐181a overexpression was unveiled as powerful and independent molecular predictor of patients’ poor survival and higher risk for disease progression after debulking surgery and platinum‐based chemotherapy. Analysis of the OVCAD institutionally independent cohort, as well as of Bagnoli et al. and TCGA external cohorts further confirmed the unfavorable prognostic nature of miR‐181a overexpression in SOC. Strikingly, multivariate prognostic models incorporating miR‐181a with established disease markers clearly improved patients’ risk‐stratification and offered superior clinical benefit in OC prognostication. Conclusively, miR‐181a evaluation could augment prognostic accuracy and support precision medicine decisions in OC.
A meta‐analysis of anal cancer incidence by risk group: Toward a unified anal cancer risk scale
Authors: Clifford Gary M. , Georges Damien , Shiels Meredith S. , Engels Eric A. , Albuquerque Andreia , Poynten Isobel Mary , de Pokomandy Alexandra , Easson Alexandra M. , Stier Elizabeth A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCertain population groups are known to have higher than average anal cancer risk, namely persons living with HIV (PLHIV), men who have sex with men (MSM), women diagnosed with human papillomavirus (HPV)‐related gynecological precancerous lesions or cancer, solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) and patients with autoimmune diseases. Our aim was to provide robust and comparable estimates of anal cancer burden across these groups. Summary incidence rates (IRs), as cases per 100 000 person‐years (py), were calculated by fixed‐effects meta‐analysis. IRs were 85 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 82‐89) for HIV‐positive MSM (n = 7 studies; 2 229 234 py), 32 (95% CI = 30‐35) for non‐MSM male PLHIV (n = 5; 1626 448 py) and 22 (95% CI = 19‐24) for female PLHIV (n = 6; 1 472 123 py), with strong variation by age (eg, from 16.8 < 30 years to 107.5 ≥ 60 years for HIV‐positive MSM). IR was 19 (95% CI = 10‐36) in HIV‐negative MSM (n = 2; 48 135 py). Anal cancer IRs were much higher after diagnosis of vulvar (IR = 48 [95% CI = 38‐61]; n = 4; 145 147 py) than cervical (9 [95% CI = 8‐12]; n = 4; 779 098 py) or vaginal (IR = 10 [95% CI = 3‐30]; n = 4; 32 671) cancer, with equivalent disparity after respective precancerous lesions. IR was 13 (95% CI = 12‐15) in SOTRs (n = 5; 1 946 206 py), reaching 24.5 and 49.6 for males and females >10 years after transplant. Anal cancer IRs were 10 (95% CI = 5‐19), 6 (95% CI = 3‐11) and 3 (95% CI = 2‐4) for systemic lupus erythematosus, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, respectively. In conclusion, a unifying anal cancer risk scale, based upon comprehensive meta‐analysis, can improve prioritization and standardization in anal cancer prevention/research initiatives, which are in their public health infancy.
Intracellular prodrug gene therapy for cancer mediated by tumor cell suicide gene exosomes
Authors: Altanerova Ursula , Jakubechova Jana , Benejova Katarina , Priscakova Petra , Repiska Vanda , Babelova Andrea , Smolkova Bozena , Altaner Cestmir 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRecently, we reported about exosomes possessing messenger RNA (mRNA) of suicide gene secreted from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) engineered to express the suicide gene—fused yeast cytosine deaminase::uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (yCD::UPRT). The yCD::UPRT‐MSC exosomes are internalized by tumor cells and intracellularly convert prodrug 5‐fluorocytosine (5‐FC) to cytotoxic drug 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU). Human tumor cells with the potential to metastasize release exosomes involved in the creation of a premetastatic niche at the predicted organs. We found that cancer cells stably transduced with yCD::UPRT gene by retrovirus infection released exosomes acting similarly like yCD::UPRT‐MSC exosomes. Different types of tumor cells were transduced with the yCD::UPRT gene. The homogenous cell population of yCD::UPRT‐transduced tumor cells expressed the yCD::UPRT suicide gene and secreted continuously exosomes with suicide gene mRNA in their cargo. All tumor cell suicide gene exosomes upon internalization into the recipient tumor cells induced the cell death by intracellular conversion of 5‐FC to 5‐FU and to 5‐FUMP in a dose‐dependent manner. Most of tumor cell‐derived suicide gene exosomes were tumor tropic, in 5‐FC presence they killed tumor cells but did not inhibit the growth of human skin fibroblast as well as DP‐MSCs. Tumor cell‐derived suicide gene exosomes home to their cells of origin and hold an exciting potential to become innovative specific therapy for tumors and potentially for metastases.
Paraganglioma of the urinary bladder: Case report and literature review
Authors: Kurose Hirofumi , Ueda Kosuke , Uegaki Mami , Ogasawara Naoyuki , Kumagae Hisaji , Chikui Katsuaki , Nakiri Makoto , Nishihara Kiyoaki , Matsuo Mitsunori , Suekane Shigetaka , Akiba Jun , Yano Hirohisa , Igawa Tsukasa 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionParaganglioma of the urinary bladder is a very rare disease accounting for 0.06% of all bladder tumors. Owing to their rarity and symptomatic variability, preoperative diagnosis is often difficult.Case presentationA 70‐year‐old male was referred to our department for hematuria. Cystoscopy showed a non‐papillary broad‐based tumor. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 32‐mm bladder tumor at the top of the bladder, which suggested muscle‐invasive bladder tumor. We diagnosed muscle‐invasive bladder cancer or urachal carcinoma, and transurethral resection of the bladder tumor was performed. At the initiation of transurethral resection of the bladder tumor, the systolic blood pressure was elevated to over 200 mmHg. The pathological findings revealed paraganglioma of the urinary bladder, and afterward, a partial cystectomy was performed.ConclusionWe herein reported the case of paraganglioma in the bladder whose blood pressure became extremely elevated during transurethral resection of the bladder tumor. In addition, we analyzed important factors for preoperative diagnosis using 162 cases reported in Japan.