bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Method for estimating the density of high‐level nuclear waste glass
Authors: Trivelpiece Cory L. , Edwards Thomas B. , Johnson Fabienne C. , Crapse Kimberly P. , Fox Kevin M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA database of over 1100 silicate glass compositions and densities was compiled and used to evaluate the efficacy of an algorithm for estimating the density of silicate glass compositions. We sought to develop a parsimonious algorithm based on the additivity of partial molar volumes of individual oxide components weighted by their mole fraction in a glass composition. Bound molar volumes were used for oxides in which the density of the oxide bound in a glass matrix was previously determined. The bound molar volumes were known for oxides covering 97.5 mole percent of the database compositional space. The measured glass densities were plotted against the estimated glass densities and a linear regression yielded an R2adj. = 0.95 and a slope and intercept of approximately one and zero, respectively. This regression suggests that glass densities estimated by the algorithm, within analysis uncertainty, are equal to the measured densities of the glasses. In addition to the development of the density estimation, we corroborated many of the referenced bound molar volume data used in the parameterization of the estimation algorithm via linear regression of the individual partial molar volumes vs the inverse measured densities (specific volumes) of the glasses in the database.
Digital occlusal analysis of vertical dimension and maximum intercuspal position after placement of stainless steel crown using hall technique in children
Authors: Nair Karthik , Chikkanarasaiah Nagarathna , Poovani Swetha , Thumati Prafulla 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe stainless steel crowns (SSCs) placed using the Hall technique disrupt the occlusion, but stabilization appears to occur within a short period post‐placement. Negligible understanding and comprehension is presently handy about the changes in overbite and bite force after placement of stainless steel crown using the Hall technique in children.Aim/HypothesisTo evaluate the digital occlusal analysis of vertical dimension and maximum intercuspal position to understand the changes in overbite and bite force after placement of stainless steel crown using the Hall technique.DesignTwenty children who needed treatment for the carious tooth with decay extending to enamel and dentin and multisurface caries were managed using the Hall technique. Following that, overbite measurement for vertical dimension was carried out clinically using digital vernier calipers. Later, the T‐Scan III was used for measuring occlusal load at the maximum intercuspal position. The bite force and occlusal premature contacts were digitally analysed and recorded pre‐operatively, immediately after placement of SSC and after 1 month follow‐up period.ResultsA significant result in the vertical dimension, bite force on crowned tooth, and significant reduction in the prematurities were seen from baseline to one‐month follow‐up.ConclusionThere was an occlusal re‐equilibration attained after 1 month.
Ultrastructure of the body cavities in juveniles and adults of the appendicularian Oikopleura gracilis (Tunicata, Chordata) suggests how the heart may have evolved in tunicates
Authors: Savelieva Anna V. , Temereva Elena N. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe organization of the body cavities is an important morphological trait that can be used for establishing the phylogenetic relationships between different groups of animals. In the present study, the hemocoel and coelomic systems of 10‐hr‐old juveniles and adults of the hermaphroditic oikopleurid Oikopleura gracilis were examined using light and transmission electron microscopy. The trunk hemocoel in 10‐hr‐old juveniles was represented by small clefts containing layers of extracellular matrix of adjacent tissues or interstices with migrating primordial germ syncytium. The wide hemocoel in the tail contained extracellular strands, subdividing the hemocoel into hemal sinuses. In adults, a large hemocoel appeared in the trunk and tail, and also contained extracellular strands. The hermaphroditic gonad was surrounded by its own lining, separating it from the hemocoel. The gamete‐filled cavity in the ovary and testis appeared only at late‐stage gonadogenesis, when the pre‐spawning reduction of syncytium occurred in the gonads. The true coelom in 10‐hr‐old juveniles and adults was represented by the pericardium. The lining of the pericardium consisted of myoepithelial and peritoneal cells. In the myoepithelial cells of 10‐hr‐old juveniles, myofibrils had been formed. The myoepithelial cells of adults had several parallel rows of completely differentiated myofibrils. The substantial reduction of the coelomic and circulatory systems in O. gracilis evidently results from the extreme shortening of ontogeny in appendicularians. Development in O. gracilis from early juvenile to adult involves the following steps, which also suggest how the tunicate heart may have evolved: a single‐layered coelomic sac gives rise to a grooved pericardium with an open hemal sinus (simple heart). In ascidians, this simple heart in turn gives rise to a closed tubular, double‐layered heart–pericardial complex, with a separate pericardial cavity and a closed heart, whose wall is formed by specialized myocardium.
Microstructure development and optical properties of Fe:ZnSe transparent ceramics sintered by spark plasma sintering
Authors: Yu Shengquan , Carloni David , Wu Yiquan 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTFe:ZnSe transparent ceramics were prepared by spark plasma sintering. Fe:ZnSe powders synthesized via co‐precipitation yielded well‐dispersed particles with an average particle size of 550 nm. These powders were in the cubic phase Fe:ZnSe, indicating the successful substitution of Fe2+ for Zn2+. The highest relative density, 99.4%, was obtained by increasing the pressure and sintering time. The effects of sintering temperature, pressure, and time on the microstructure of SPS prepared ceramics were presented by micrographs. With increasing sintering temperature, from 600°C to 900°C, the average grain size increased from < 1 to 10 μm. The intergranular fracture indicated no neck formation in the sintering process. High pressure was essential for the densification process. The average grain size deceased from approximately 10 to 5 μm when the pressure was increased. Increasing the sintering time from 10 to 120 minutes lead to a change in the microstructure, from inter‐ to transgranular fracture, and eliminated the micropores. The as‐prepared Fe:ZnSe ceramics were composed of single‐phased cubic ZnSe. The sample sintered at 900°C under a pressure of 90 MPa for 120 minutes yielded a transmittance of approximately 60% at 1.4 μm and 68% at 7.5 μm and had residual micropores as its main scattering source. There was a strong characteristic absorption peak of Fe2+ ions at around 3 μm, which was red‐shifted compared to Fe:ZnS transparent ceramics. Fe:ZnSe transparent ceramics have a reddish‐brown color and it could be a promising mid‐infrared laser material.
Negative piezoelectric behaviors in hybrid improper ferroelectric Ca3‐xNaxTi2O7 (x = 0, 0.01) ceramics
Authors: Jiang Yao , Wang Shouyu , Lei Yunlin , Zhang Xiongnan , Liu Weifang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHybrid improper ferroelectric Ca3Ti2O7 (CTO) and Ca2.99Na0.01Ti2O7 (NaCTO) ceramics were synthesized using the solid‐state reaction method. X‐ray powder diffraction technique was used to determine the phase purity and crystal structure of the prepared ceramics. We investigated their ferroelectric polarization, dynamic switching current, and piezoelectric properties, and confirmed their ferroelectric reversal property with a coercive field of 60‐80 kV/cm. A negative piezoelectric behavior was observed with a maximum strain of −0.01% and −0.007% for CTO and NaCTO, respectively. This abnormal piezoelectric behavior can be used to prepare composites with conventional oxide materials that generally exhibit positive piezoelectricity. Mechanism of the negative piezoelectricity effect was ascribed to its special quasi‐two‐dimensional (quasi‐2D) crystal structure with weak van der Waals (vdW) layers alternating with covalent layers.
Evaluating the impact of motion artifact on noninvasive blood pressure devices
Authors: Alpert Bruce S. , Quinn David E. , Friedman Bruce C. , Matsumura Paul M. , Dart Richard A. , Donehoo Robert F. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMost automated sphygmomanometers use oscillometric algorithms. Motion, either patient‐based or environmental, will affect the ability of a device to record an accurate blood pressure (BP). Members of the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) Sphygmomanometer Committee have been studying this problem for more than a decade. The AAMI TIR44 was the first publication to address the challenges of motion tolerance. The concepts described in TIR44 have led to the development of a draft of ISO 81060‐4, a new standard for testing devices for which the manufacturer wishes to claim motion tolerance. The current ISO 81060‐2 addresses both stress testing and 24‐hour ambulatory BP monitoring. Recent publications have reported on testing of devices in response to voluntary and involuntary patient motion. The ISO 81060‐4 will address testing in the presence of patient transport by ground, fixed‐wing, and rotary (helicopter) ambulances. The protocol will utilize noise profiles recorded under those three conditions. The profiles will be digitally stored on a library with free access. The proposed testing will be performed using patient simulators introducing the noise library files into known BP oscillometric envelopes. The specifications of the data capture and playback devices are specified, as is the evaluation statistical testing. The authors expect that the final draft will be published in 2020.
Novel regulation of miR‐34a‐5p and HOTAIR by the combination of berberine and gefitinib leading to inhibition of EMT in human lung cancer
Authors: Zheng Fang , Li Jing , Ma ChangJu , Tang XiaoJuan , Tang Qing , Wu JingJing , Chai XiaoSu , Xie Jianhui , Yang Xiao‐bo , Hann Swei Sunny 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHOTAIR is an important carcinogenic lncRNA and involves in tumorigenesis, and invasion. MiR‐34a‐5p functions as a tumour suppressor. However, the underlying mechanism of HOTAIR regulation especially in association with miR‐34a‐5p in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been explored. Herein, we performed series of in vitro experiments, including viability, migration, invasion, apoptosis and in vivo xenograft model, and identified that HOTAIR was remarkably elevated in NSCLC cells. Enforced HOTAIR expression promoted migration and invasion, while depleted HOTAIR diminished the ability of migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. We also observed that miR‐34a‐5p was dramatically inhibited in NSCLC cells and the binding correlation between HOTAIR and miR‐34a‐5p was confirmed by dual‐luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. We also showed that induction of miR‐34a‐5p and reduction of HOTAIR, and the interaction between miR‐34a‐5p and HOTAIR resulted in the suppression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) as illustrated by induction of key epithelial markers E‐cadherin expression, reduction of vimentin and EMT‐inducing transcription factor snail. Excessive expression of snail resisted miR‐34a‐5p‐inhibited cell growth. Snail binds to E‐cadherin promoter and regulates E‐cadherin expression. There was a synergy in combination of berberine and gefinitib in this process. Similar findings were also observed in a tumour xenograft model. Collectively, this is the first report demonstrating reciprocal interaction of miR‐34a‐5p‐ and HOTAIR‐mediated regulation of snail resulting in inhibition of EMT process by the combination of berberine and gefitinib suggesting that regulation of miR‐34a‐5p‐ and HOTAIR‐mediated inhibition of EMT may provide novel treatment paradigms for lung cancer.
Effect of periodontal therapy on adipokine biomarkers in overweight
Authors: Matern Johannes , Koch Raphael , Petersmann Astrid , Kocher Thomas , Eickholz Peter , Lorenz Katrin , Kim Ti‐Sun , Meyle Jörg , Kaner Doğan , Schlagenhauf Ulrich , Gravemeier Martina , Harks Inga , Ehmke Benjamin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of non‐surgical periodontal therapy on circulating levels of the systemic inflammation‐associated biomarkers orosomucoid (ORM), high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP), chemerin, and retinol‐binding protein 4 (RBP4) in overweight or normal‐weight patients with periodontitis at 27.5 months after therapy.Materials and methodsThis exploratory subanalysis includes patients from the ABPARO‐trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00707369). The per‐protocol collective provided untreated periodontitis patients with high (≥28 kg/m2) or moderate (21–24 kg/m2) BMI. Out of the per‐protocol collective, 80 patients were randomly selected and stratified for BMI group, sex, and treatment group (antibiotics/placebo), resulting in 40 overweight and normal‐weight patients. Patients received non‐surgical periodontal therapy and maintenance at 3‐month intervals. Plasma samples from baseline and 27.5 months following initial treatment were used to measure the concentrations of ORM, hsCRP, chemerin, and RBP4.ResultsAt the 27.5‐month examination, ORM and hsCRP decreased noticeably in the overweight group (ORM: p = .001, hsCRP: p = .004) and normal‐weight patients (ORM: p = .007, hsCRP: p < .001). Chemerin decreased in the overweight group (p = .048), and RBP4 concentrations remained stable.ConclusionNon‐surgical periodontal therapy reduced systemically elevated inflammation‐associated biomarkers in periodontitis patients. These improvements were more pronounced in overweight patients than in normal‐weight patients.
Methoprene‐induced matings of young Queensland fruit fly males are effective at inducing sexual inhibition in females
Authors: Adnan Saleh Mohammad , Farhana Iffat , Rempoulakis Polychronis , Taylor Phillip W. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPre‐release dietary treatment with methoprene, a juvenile hormone analogue, decreases the age at which male Queensland fruit flies mature and hence may decrease the post‐release delay until released sterile flies participate in sterile insect technique (SIT) programmes. However, if matings of young methoprene‐treated males are not effective at inducing sexual inhibition in their mates, then this treatment may not enhance SIT. The present study investigates efficacy of matings of methoprene‐treated males at inducing sexual inhibition in their mates. Methoprene incorporated into a diet of sugar and yeast hydrolysate (w/w 3:1) for 48 hr after emergence resulted in significantly increased male mating propensity when flies were <10 days of age, but not when older, and longer copulations. Copula latency did not vary with methoprene treatment but did decrease with age. The matings of young methoprene‐treated males were effective at inducing sexual inhibition in their mates, matching the efficacy of untreated mature males. Regardless of treatment, females had reduced tendency to remate if their first mate was 15 days of age than if their first mate was younger (6, 8 days) or older (20, 25, 30 days). Females mated by methoprene‐treated males that did remate tended to remate later in the day than females mated by untreated males. Also, second copula durations of females first mated by a 6‐ to 10‐day‐old male were shorter if the male was methoprene treated. These patterns in remating females may indicate greater efficacy of the initial mating of methoprene‐treated males. Overall, we find that the additional matings of young methoprene‐treated male Queensland fruit flies are effective at inducing sexual inhibition in their mates. This finding supports the incorporation of methoprene into pre‐release diet for SIT.
Near‐real‐time spatiotemporal analysis of convection and extreme rainfall leading to a flash flood using MSG‐SEVIRI and TRMM data: A case study of a flash flood in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia on the November 25, 2009
Authors: Atif Rana Muhammad , Siddiqui Muhammad Haroon , Almazroui Mansour 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper describes a convective system, which brought heavy rainfall leading towards a flash flood on November 25, 2009, over Jeddah city and its surrounding regions. Meteosat Second Generation Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (MSG‐SEVIRI) based near‐real‐time MSG‐RGB (red, green, blue) composites and cloud top temperature images are used for the assessment of convection stages during the event. Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data is used to quantify the rainfall amount and found reliable as compared with ground observations. Air mass RGB serves as an effective tool for the visual enhancement of cumulonimbus (Cb) clouds as well as differentiating them from other local features. Cloud top temperatures obtained from MSG IR10.8 channel show that the threshold values of cloud top below 220°K can lead to rainfall with the intensity of 10 mm/hr or above over Jeddah region. The results from MSG‐SEVIRI and TRMM satellite data show that satellite data could serve as an effective tool for the near real‐time monitoring of the rainfall event, when analysing convection stages. The study suggests that where ground measurements are minimal, satellite information can be used in as part of a flood warning system to minimise the aftermaths of a flood disaster.
Inactivation modeling of microorganisms using organic chlorine and acetic acid solutions and estimation of growth kinetics of adhered Enterobacteriaceae to lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)
Authors: Alves Roberta B. T. , Mousavi Khaneghah Amin , Antunes Maria A. , Silva Beatriz S. , Sant'Ana Anderson S. , Peña Wilmer E. L. , Andrade Nélio J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study was aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the organic chlorine and acetic acid solutions on the inactivation of adhered cells of Escherichia coli, Cronobacter sakazakii and Klebsiella pneumoniae to lettuce. Besides, the growth and inactivation of K. pneumoniae adhered to lettuce was modeled. According to the findings, the use of chlorine solution (170 mg/ml of total residual chlorine) caused reductions of 1.8, 1.9, and 1.9 log for E. coli, C. sakazakii, and K pneumoniae, respectively, were recorded. In this regard, the organic chloramine was more effective in controlling the adhered microorganisms while compared with 1.5% acetic acid solution, while the addition of 0.5% sodium chloride to 1.5% acetic acid solution increased microbial inactivation. K. pneumoniae RC‐34 inactivation was characterized by the presence of two sub‐populations with different resistances against the proposed sanitizers. Moreover, the growth kinetic parameters of K. pneumoniae RC‐34 adhered to lettuce leaves were very similar to that reported in the literature for nonadhered microorganisms. The predictive data generated can be valuable to assess the growth and inactivation of produce adhered microorganisms in leafy produce.
The fate of cold‐stressed or tetracycline‐resistantVibrio spp. in precooked shrimp during frozen storage
Authors: Moon Hye J. , Lee Jeong Y. , Lim Ju Y. , Kim Su J. , Song Ki Y. , Yoon Ki S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe compared the fate of cold‐stressed (CS) or tetracycline‐resistant (TR) Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus, and Vibrio cholerae in precooked shrimp during frozen storage. The recovery ability of viable but nonculturable (VBNC) Vibrio cells was compared at 25°C. Each suspension of nonstressed (NS), CS, or TR Vibrio cells inoculated into cooked shrimps were subjected to frozen storage at −20°C or three freeze–thaw cycles. CS and TR cells were more rapidly converted to VBNC state than NS cells. Most of VBNC Vibrio cells were observed as viable cells after frozen storage. Although there were differences in the recovery extent of cells depending on the types of stress and strain, VBNC cells were resuscitated at 25°C. The most resistant to tetracycline and the lowest injury rate were observed in V. cholerae cells during frozen storage.
The impact of deep convolutional neural network‐based artificial intelligence on colonoscopy outcomes: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Aziz Muhammad , Fatima Rawish , Dong Charles , Lee‐Smith Wade , Nawras Ali 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackground and AimThe utility of artificial intelligence (AI) in colonoscopy has gained popularity in current times. Recent trials have evaluated the efficacy of deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)‐based AI system in colonoscopy for improving adenoma detection rate (ADR) and polyp detection rate (PDR). We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the available studies to assess the impact of DCNN‐based AI‐assisted colonoscopy in improving the ADR and PDR.MethodsWe queried the following database for this study: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Sciences, and Computers and Applied Sciences. We only included randomized controlled trials that compared AI colonoscopy to standard colonoscopy (SC). Our outcomes included ADR and PDR. Risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using random effects model and DerSimonian–Laird approach for each outcome.ResultsA total of three studies with 2815 patients (1415 in SC group and 1400 in AI group) were included. AI colonoscopy resulted in significantly improved ADR (32.9% vs 20.8%, RR: 1.58, 95% CI 1.39–1.80, P = < 0.001) and PDR (43.0% vs 27.8%, RR: 1.55, 95% CI 1.39–1.72, P = < 0.001) compared with SC.ConclusionGiven the results and limitations, the utility of AI colonoscopy holds promise and should be evaluated in more randomized controlled trials across different population, especially in patients solely undergoing colonoscopy for screening purpose as improved ADR will ultimately help in reducing incident colorectal cancer.
Extracellular vesicles containing the transferrin receptor as nanocarriers of apotransferrin
Authors: Mattera Vanesa S. , Pereyra Gerber Pehuén , Glisoni Romina , Ostrowski Matias , Verstraeten Sandra V. , Pasquini Juana M. , Correale Jorge D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPrevious work by our group has shown the pro‐differentiating effects of apotransferrin (aTf) on oligodendroglial cells in vivo and in vitro. Further studies showed the remyelinating effect of aTf in animal demyelination models such as hypoxia/ischemia, where the intranasal administration of human aTf provided brain neuroprotection and reduced white matter damage, neuronal loss, and astrogliosis in different brain regions. These data led us to search for a less invasive and controlled technique to deliver aTf to the CNS. To such end, we isolated extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human and mouse plasma and different neuron and glia conditioned media and characterized them based on their quality, quantity, identity, and structural integrity by western blot, dynamic light scattering, and scanning electron microscopy. All sources yielded highly pure vesicles whose size and structures were in keeping with previous literary evidence. Given that, remarkably, EVs from all sources analyzed contained Tf receptor 1 (TfR1) in their composition, we employed two passive cargo‐loading strategies which rendered successful EV loading with aTf, specifically through binding to TfR1. These results unveil EVs as potential nanovehicles of aTf to be delivered into the CNS parenchyma, and pave the way for further studies into their possible clinical application in the treatment of demyelinating diseases.
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