bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seated saline infusion test in predicting subtype diagnosis of primary aldosteronism
Authors: Kaneko Hiroki , Umakoshi Hironobu , Ishihara Yuki , Sugawa Taku , Nanba Kazutaka , Tsuiki Mika , Kusakabe Toru , Satoh‐Asahara Noriko , Yasoda Akihiro , Tagami Tetsuya 
Published: October 2019

AbstractContextAlthough saline infusion test is widely used as a confirmatory test for primary aldosteronism (PA), it is reportedly less sensitive in patients in whom aldosterone is responsive to the upright position by performing it in recumbent position. Based on a single‐centre experience, seated saline infusion test (SSIT) has been reported to be highly sensitive and superior to recumbent testing in identifying both unilateral and bilateral forms of PA. However, due to limited participants number, the utility of SSIT needs to be validated in other series.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of SSIT in determining the PA subtypes compared with adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test under dexamethasone suppression (Dex‐AT).Patients and SettingSixty‐four patients with PA who underwent both SSIT and Dex‐AT were included. Subtype diagnosis of PA was determined by adrenal venous sampling (AVS) (16 unilateral and 48 bilateral forms).Main Outcome MeasurePlasma aldosterone concentrations (PACs) were measured after SSIT and Dex‐AT.ResultsThe area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for diagnosing unilateral PA was greater in SSIT than that in Dex‐AT (0.907 vs. 0.755; P = .023). ROC curve analysis predicted optimal cut‐off PACs of 13.1 ng/dL (sensitivity, 93.8%; specificity, 79.2%) for SSIT and 34.2 ng/dL (sensitivity, 75.0%; specificity, 68.8%) for Dex‐AT.ConclusionsSeated saline infusion test has superior accuracy in subtype diagnosis of PA compared with Dex‐AT. SSIT can be a sensitive test for determining patients who require AVS prior to surgery.
Role of the PGE2 receptor subtypes EP1, EP2, and EP3 in repetitive traumatic brain injury
Authors: Catlin James , Leclerc Jenna L. , Shukla Krunal , Marini Sarah M. , Doré Sylvain 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsThe goal was to explore the signaling pathways of PGE2 to investigate therapeutic effects against secondary injuries following TBI.MethodsYoung (4.9 ± 1.0 months) and aged (20.4 ± 1.4 months) male wild type (WT) C57BL/6 and PGE2 EP1, 2, and 3 receptor knockout mice were selected to either receive sham or repetitive concussive head injury. Immunohistochemistry protocols with Iba1 and GFAP were performed to evaluate microgliosis and astrogliosis in the hippocampus, two critical components of neuroinflammation. Passive avoidance test measured memory function associated with the hippocampus.ResultsNo differences in hippocampal microgliosis were found when aged EP2−/− and EP3−/− mice were compared with aged WT mice. However, the aged EP1−/− mice had 69.2 ± 7.5% less hippocampal microgliosis in the contralateral hemisphere compared with WT aged mice. Compared with aged EP2−/− and EP3−/−, EP1−/− aged mice had 78.9 ± 5.1% and 74.7 ± 6.2% less hippocampal microgliosis in the contralateral hemisphere. Within the EP1−/− mice, aged mice had 90.7 ± 2.7% and 81.1 ± 5.6% less hippocampal microgliosis compared with EP1−/− young mice in the contralateral and ipsilateral hemispheres, respectively. No differences were noted in all groups for astrogliosis. There was a significant difference in latency time within EP1−/−, EP2−/−, and EP3−/− on day 1 and day 2 in aged and young mice.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate that the PGE2 EP receptors may be potential therapeutic targets to treat repetitive concussions and other acute brain injuries.
Systematic review and proposal of an in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy assessment tool for cutaneous lymphoma
Authors: Melhoranse Gouveia Bruna , Wells Jillian , Kim Jennifer , Consuegra Germana , Longo Caterina , Fernandez‐Penas Pablo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundReflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non‐invasive imaging technique that provides dynamic information and allows in vivo monitoring, with excellent histologic correlation. In the last decade, the use of RCM for cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas (CTCL) has been reported. CTCL may require multiple biopsies for diagnosis due to its equivocal clinical presentation. RCM was described as a possible tool to help determine the best site for skin biopsy. This study aims to systematically review all RCM features reported in literature for CTCL.MethodA systematic literature search concerning CTCL evaluated by RCM was performed in eight electronic databases until May 2019 following PRISMA‐DTA quality assessment.ResultsEighteen RCM features were described in patients with CTCL. The most frequent were: interface dermatitis (89%), epidermal lymphocytes (82%), epidermal architectural disarray (81%), and vesicle‐like structure (Pautrier microabscess) (51%).ConclusionIn order to establish comparable parameters among the studies identified, we proposed descriptors for CTCL features and a grading system to quantify them. This will facilitate to define the role of RCM in the diagnosis and monitoring of CTCL patients.
The right hemispheric dominance for face perception in preschool children depends on the visual discrimination level
Authors: Lochy Aliette , Schiltz Christine , Rossion Bruno 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe developmental origin of human adults’ right hemispheric dominance in response to face stimuli remains unclear, in particular because young infants’ right hemispheric advantage in face‐selective response is no longer present in preschool children, before written language acquisition. Here we used fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) with scalp electroencephalography (EEG) to test 52 preschool children (5.5 years old) at two different levels of face discrimination: discrimination of faces against objects, measuring face‐selectivity, or discrimination between individual faces. While the contrast between faces and nonface objects elicits strictly bilateral occipital responses in children, strengthening previous observations, discrimination of individual faces in the same children reveals a strong right hemispheric lateralization over the occipitotemporal cortex. Picture‐plane inversion of the face stimuli significantly decreases the individual discrimination response, although to a much smaller extent than in older children and adults tested with the same paradigm. However, there is only a nonsignificant trend for a decrease in right hemispheric lateralization with inversion. There is no relationship between the right hemispheric lateralization in individual face discrimination and preschool levels of readings abilities. The observed difference in the right hemispheric lateralization obtained in the same population of children with two different paradigms measuring neural responses to faces indicates that the level of visual discrimination is a key factor to consider when making inferences about the development of hemispheric lateralization of face perception in the human brain.
An invasive and a native macrophyte species provide similar feeding habitat for fish
Authors: Carniatto Natália , Fugi Rosemara , Quirino Bárbara Angélio , Cunha Eduardo Ribeiro , Thomaz Sidinei Magela 
Published: October 2019

AbstractInvasive macrophytes usually increase the homogenisation of habitats and can affect local communities with negative effects on the food chain. We evaluated experimentally the composition, density, richness and diversity of the invertebrates in the invasive macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata and assessed the potential effects of this macrophyte on the diet and foraging efficiency of small native fishes. The native macrophyte Egeria najas was used as control, since it has very similar physical structure and physical complexity to H. verticillata. Macrophytes of both species were maintained separately in aquaria with the fishes, and the invertebrates richness and abundance associated with plants and within fish stomach were evaluated. No significant difference was found in the richness and diversity of invertebrates attached to macrophytes; however, the two macrophytes differed in regard to invertebrate composition, and the density was significantly higher in H. verticillata. The fish foraging efficiency was high in both macrophytes, and the difference between them was not significant. The fish diet did not differ significantly between the native and the invasive macrophyte in respect to invertebrate composition, abundance and richness, and trophic niche breadth. We found no evidence that H. verticillata negatively affects the density of associated invertebrates, and as a consequence, fish diet and foraging efficiency. Our results indicate that the replacement of E. najas by a similar biomass of H. verticillata does not affect the feeding behaviour of associated fish species.
First episode rapid early intervention for eating disorders: A two‐year follow‐up
Authors: Fukutomi Akira , Austin Amelia , McClelland Jessica , Brown Amy , Glennon Danielle , Mountford Victoria , Grant Nina , Allen Karina , Schmidt Ulrike 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimWe describe 2‐year outcomes of a novel first episode early intervention service for young adults with a recent onset eating disorder (FREED).Outcomes in FREED patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) were compared with those from patients previously seen in our service [treatment as usual (TAU) cohort], matched for age, illness duration and diagnosis.MethodsElectronic case records of FREED‐AN (n = 22) and TAU‐AN patients (n = 35) were examined to identify service utilisation and clinical outcomes over 24 months.ResultsOutpatient service utilisation was similar in both groups, but FREED‐AN patients needed intensive (in‐ or day‐patient) treatment less frequently than TAU‐AN (23% vs 32%). FREED‐AN patients had a higher estimated mean body mass index [19.2 kg/m2; 95% CI (18.21, 20.16)] than TAU patients [18.0 kg/m2; 95% CI (16.90, 19.15)] at last contact.ConclusionIntroduction of FREED led to a more complete recovery in patients with AN at 24 months.
What do health providers and patients tweet about schizophrenia?
Authors: Hernandez Maria Y. , Hernandez Mercedes , Lopez Daisy H. , Gamez Diana , Lopez Steven R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTwitter is the most commonly used social media forum in public health and is considered the radio of the internet. Many health providers utilize this media to disseminate health information. Patient use of social media for mental health topics encourages providers to disseminate quality information and to develop virtual collaborative learning environments. This study explored trends in health information exchanged by patients, doctors and health organizations about schizophrenia through analyses of tweets posted using the #schizophrenia.MethodsThe likelihood that the information distributed by each user type was scholarly was assessed via qualitative and logistic regression analyses. Specifically, a sequential exploratory multimethod of data analysis guided this study with a sample of 981 tweets.ResultsMost tweets focused on the improvement of schizophrenia literacy (n = 366) followed by personal experiences/motivational stories (n = 207) and biological explanations of the disorder (n = 158). Logistic regression results indicated that compared to doctors, patients were less likely to tweet with a scholarly source (OR = 0.481, CI = 0.311, .744; P < .001). All users were less likely to include a scholarly source when tweeting about schizophrenia literacy, personal/motivational experiences, campaign/organizational events or illness management in comparison to those who tweeted about biological explanations of schizophrenia.ConclusionResults suggest all users disseminated beneficial information that can increase public schizophrenia literacy and illness management, while connecting individuals to organizational events targeting this debilitating disorder. Health providers are encouraged to establish a presence on social media to share scholarly work with patients and promote prompt treatment for schizophrenia.
Niche modelling to guide conservation actions in France for the endangered crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes in relation to the invasive Pacifastacus leniusculus
Authors: Préau Clémentine , Nadeau Iris , Sellier Yann , Isselin‐Nondedeu Francis , Bertrand Romain , Collas Marc , Capinha César , Grandjean Frédéric 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

The white‐clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes) is globally endangered due to the impacts of habitat modification and fragmentation, water pollution, climate change, and invasive species, particularly the signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus). These pressures have caused the decline of A. pallipes populations in Europe, demonstrating the importance of predicting the species' potential distribution under current and future conditions. Focusing on the watercourses of mainland France, we aimed to identify suitable areas for A. pallipes to guide the conservation of current populations and future introduction actions or protection measures.

We applied ecological niche modelling to model the potential distribution of both A. pallipes and P. leniusculus and identified locations suitable for A. pallipes only. We also assessed the potential distribution of the species under two representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios: RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5, respectively describing low‐warming and high‐warming conditions.

We found that A. pallipes and P. leniusculus exploit equivalent niches in France. Despite this, under current conditions, about 5% of the study area simultaneously records a high suitability for A. pallipes and a low suitability for P. leniusculus and is therefore of significant conservation interest. This percentage remains relatively stable under RCP 2.6 for 2050 and 2100, but decreases to 2% under RCP 8.5 for 2100.

Ecological niche modelling can supply crucial guidance for conservation actions aimed at protecting endangered species at a national scale by identifying sites most suitable for protection and sites where climate change and invasive species constitute a threat.
Coral bleaching patterns are the outcome of complex biological and environmental networking
Authors: Suggett David J. , Smith David J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractContinued declines in coral reef health over the past three decades have been punctuated by severe mass coral bleaching‐induced mortality events that have grown in intensity and frequency under climate change. Intensive global research efforts have therefore persistently focused on bleaching phenomena to understand where corals bleach, when and why—resulting in a large—yet still somewhat patchy—knowledge base. Particularly catastrophic bleaching‐induced coral mortality events in the past 5 years have catalyzed calls for a more diverse set of reef management tools, extending far beyond climate mitigation and reef protection, to also include more aggressive interventions. However, the effectiveness of these various tools now rests on rapidly assimilating our knowledge base of coral bleaching into more integrated frameworks. Here, we consider how the past three decades of intensive coral bleaching research has established the basis for complex biological and environmental networks, which together regulate outcomes of bleaching severity. We discuss how we now have enough scaffold for conceptual biological and environmental frameworks underpinning bleaching susceptibility, but that new tools are urgently required to translate this to an operational system informing—and testing—bleaching outcomes. Specifically, adopting network models that can fully describe and predict metabolic functioning of coral holobionts, and how this functioning is regulated by complex doses and interactions among environmental factors. Identifying knowledge gaps limiting operation of such models is the logical step to immediately guide and prioritize future experiments and observations. We are at a time‐critical point where we can implement new capacity to resolve how coral bleaching patterns emerge from complex biological–environmental networks, and so more effectively inform rapidly evolving ecological management and social adaptation frameworks aimed at securing the future of coral reefs.
Latitudinal gradients in some, but not all, avian life history traits extend into the Arctic
Authors: Martin Michaela , Drake Anna , Rock Christine A. , Green David J. 
Published: October 2019

Latitudinal variation in avian life history strategies is well documented. Clutch size and nest success tend to increase with latitude, whereas longevity and developmental periods have been argued to decrease with latitude. However, these patterns are largely based on interspecific comparisons of species breeding at tropical and temperate latitudes. We compared the life history of Yellow WarblersSetophaga petechiabreeding in arctic habitat at the northern extent of their range, in Inuvik,NWT(68°N), Canada, with those breeding in temperate habitat in Revelstoke,BC(50°N), and use data from 21 populations spanning 0–68°N to evaluate latitudinal trends in life history traits from tropical to arctic habitats. Females breeding in Inuvik laid first clutches that were slightly (although not significantly) larger and had higher nest success, which resulted in higher annual productivity compared with their low‐ latitude counterparts. Apparent adult survival rates were only marginally lower in Inuvik than in Revelstoke, whereas incubation and nestling periods in the arctic were similar to our temperate site. When comparing life history traits across the Yellow Warbler breeding range, we observed increases in clutch sizes and nest success with increasing latitude that appeared to be associated with declines in adult survival, though this relationship was weakened by the addition of our arctic site. We detected more moderate declines in incubation and nestling periods with increasing latitude. As we observed latitudinal variation in some life history traits, but not a consistent transition of traits associated with a shift from a slow to fast life history from tropical to arctic latitudes, our study suggests that the expectation for a general shift in life history traits may be over‐simplified.
Is an oral health coaching programme a way to sustain oral health for elderly people in nursing homes? A feasibility study
Authors: Johansson Isabelle , Torgé Cristina Joy , Lindmark Ulrika 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study examines the feasibility of an oral health coaching programme involving practical support on individual level to staff in a nursing home in Sweden, aiming to improve oral health care‐related beliefs of nursing staff and the oral health of residents.MethodsThis intervention study consisted of three wards from one nursing home, and both staff (n = 48) and residents (n = 58) were invited. In the control ward, 9 staff and 16 residents participated; in test ward 1, 10 staff and 13 residents participated; and at test ward 2, 14 staff and 17 residents participated. An oral health coaching programme was performed 4 h/wk for 3 months. The staff completed the nursing Dental Coping Beliefs Scale at baseline and after 9 months. Oral health of the residents was assessed using the Revised Oral Assessment Guide and mucosal‐plaque score at baseline and after 3, 6 and 9 months.ResultsAt baseline, 33 staff participated and 22 at 9 months follow‐up. For the residents, the figures were 48 and 32, respectively. After the intervention, the nursing DCBS revealed changes related to usage of fluoride, oral health support, gum disease and approximal cleaning. The most frequently reported oral health problems among the residents pertained to teeth and gums. The residents’ relatively high level of oral health was stable during the study period.ConclusionsDespite limitations in the programme, an oral health coaching programme can support nursing staff in maintaining a high level of oral health in residents. The programme was shown feasible, although design improvements are needed.
Weathering and deterioration of archeological glasses from late Roman Sicily
Authors: Gueli Anna M. , Pasquale Stefania , Tanasi Davide , Hassam Stephan , Lemasson Quentin , Moignard Brice , Pacheco Claire , Pichon Laurent , Stella Giuseppe , Politi Giuseppe 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGlass is found at archeological excavations in a variety of conditions ranging from pristine—where no deterioration is visible—to very heavily degraded. Although the chemical processes of glass deterioration have been extensively studied, they are not yet entirely understood, due in part to the numerous factors that must be considered, from the composition of the glass paste and its manufacture to the type of soil in which the glass is buried. In this study, we analyze an assemblage of Late Roman glass from the catacombs of Saint Lucy in eastern Sicily, in order to study the effects of this particular hypogeal environment on glass. The study regards the correlation between the weathered glass surfaces and the compositional changes occurred in the samples. Close attention is paid to optical observations of the outer layers of the glasses as manifestations of chemical deterioration of the bulk. The chemical analysis of the fragments of glass was carried out nondestructively using PIXE‐PIGE analyses without any sample preparation. Weathering was observed with an optical microscope.
A unified 23Na NMR chemical shift correlation with structural parameters in multicomponent silicate‐based glasses
Authors: Yu Yang , Stevensson Baltzar , Edén Mattias 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFrom a large ensemble of 34 silicate‐based glasses from the borosilicate, phosphosilicate, and borophosphosilicate systems that comprise either Na as a sole glass‐network modifier or when mixed with Ca, we established a good correlation between the 23Na average isotropic chemical shift () and the average coordination number of Na and the mean Na–O distance. The latter parameters were obtained by atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. We also demonstrated that is essentially independent on the precise network forming (Si, B, P) species but depends primarily on the net molar fraction of Na and Ca, thereby offering a straightforward 23Na chemical shift prediction from the glass composition alone.
Giant electro‐strain in textured Li+‐doped 0.852BNT–0.11BKT–0.038BT ternary lead‐free piezoelectric ceramics
Authors: Si Yuan , Li Ying , Li Li , Li Hao , Zhao Zhihao , Dai Yejing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTexturing is an effective approach to improving the piezoelectricity of piezoelectric ceramics. In this work, <001> textured Li+‐doped 0.852Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–0.11Bi0.5K0.5TiO3–0.038BaTiO3 ternary lead‐free piezoelectric ceramics are prepared by the reactive templates grain growth (RTGG) method. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) results demonstrate a high orientation degree of 77% along the <001> direction. Outstanding electro‐strain response, which is higher than most of reported BNT‐based textured ceramics, is achieved due to the contribution of oriented‐grains along the <001> direction. A large electro‐strain of 0.55% with a relatively low hysteresis is obtained at 6.5 kV/mm with corresponding large signal piezoelectric coefficient () of 846 pm/V in the textured ceramics, which is 49% higher than that of the random ceramics. Besides, the electro‐strain could reach as high as 0.52%@5.5 kV/mm ( = 945 pm/V) at 100°C. These results indicate that the RTGG is an effective way to design high performance lead‐free piezoelectric materials.