bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multivariate analysis of morphological descriptors for identification of Sesbania Scop. accessions
Authors: Chanda SC , Razzak Md A , Haque Md E , Sarwar AKM Golam 
Published: September 2020

Based on the 36 quantitative morphological descriptors, agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) and principal component analyses (PCA) were conducted to identify 106 diverse Sesbania accessions. The AHC analysis identified three major clusters with 11 sub-clusters. In PCA, the first and second PCs explain 72.48% and 12.72% of total variations with high Eigen value 9.1 and 1.7, respectively. Sesbania accessions occupied four distinct positions in the PCA graph. Based on multivariate analyses and qualitative descriptors, Sesbania accessions have been identified as S. bispinosa (90 accessions), S. cannabina (9 accessions), S. sesban (6 accessions) and the known S. rostrata. The AHC dendrogram has detected the close similarities between S. rostrata and S. cannabina. However, the PCA has emerged to be better than the AHC as a species identification tool. Among these four species, the highest discriminating distance (23.69%) was observed between S. sesban and S. bispinosa, and the lowest (10.52%) was in S. bispinosa and S. cannabina.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(3), 215-220, 2020
Electrodeposition behaviour of copper from ore leachate and copper ammonium sulphate
Authors: Ambo AI , Glassa HJ , Peng C 
Published: September 2020

The deposition behaviour of copper ammonia complexes from ore leachate and synthetic copper ammonium sulphate solutions was investigated using cyclic voltammetrywith platinumas counter electrode. The work is carried out to understand the deposition behaviour of the ore for hydrometallurgical and electro winning application. The chemical reduction and deposition of copper from both solutions consisted of two reversible electrochemical processes, each involving the transfer of a single electron. The Cu(NH3)4 2+ complex in the copper leachate is first reduced to Cu(NH3)4 + before being reduced to metallic copper. With synthetic copper ammonium sulphate (Cu(NH3)4SO4), the reduction to metallic copper is a ligand-coupled electron transfer reaction which proceeds as two sequential, single-electron transfer processes. The Cu/Cu(NH3)4 2+ redox reaction during deposition of copper from the leachate is fast compared to that of the Cu/Cu2+ redox reaction in the Cu(NH3)4SO4 synthetic solution. Investigation of the electrochemical kinetics shows that the linear relationship between the peak current and the square root of the scan rate is an indication that the Cu(NH3)4 + and Cu(NH3)4SO4 reduction to Cu proceeds through a diffusion-controlled process.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(3), 229-236, 2020
Unrecorded Idiomatic Expressions of Sikka Krowe Dialect In Flores Island East-Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Labira Darmawan , Mua Koban Maria Nelciana , Nasa Rikardus 
Published: September 2020

The aim of this study is to identify types of idioms found in Sikka Krowe dialect in Nita sub district of Sikka regency. The data were taken through interviews and observations. Qualitative method was used in analyzing the data. As the result, the type of Idiomatic expressions was found. Those idiomatic expressions are divided into two types; they are classified base on the closeness of the elements and base on the elements of formulation. There are 9 full idioms and 6 partial idioms in the closeness of the elements classification and 10 idioms with part of body: 4 idioms with the word senses, 2 idioms with color; 1 idiom with the names of object name; 4 idiom with animal name; 1 idiom with lant parts, 2 Idiom numeralia, 1 idiom of verba, 1 idiom of nouns, 1 idiom of adjectives. Meanwhile, the meaning of idiomatic expressions was based on the context of the dialogues and the narratives in Sikka Krowe dialect in Nita sub district of Sikka regency.
Ideological Dimension in Bunga’ lalang : An Anthropological Linguistic Study
Authors: Thayyib Magfirah , Arafah Burhanuddin , Manda Martin L. , Rahman Fathu 
Published: September 2020

This research aims to reveal the ideological dimension of bunga’ lalang tradition through the analysis of its two rituals namely mappammula ta’pa and mappammula mantanang. Bunga’ lalang is an agricultural tradition which exists in Luwu society, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It refers to the series of rituals done by a bunga’ lalang (path opener) in every rice farming stage. This research employed descriptive qualitative method. The primary data were obtained through observation and interview while the secondary data were obtained through documentation. The data were analyzed using the combined/reviewed steps in ideological dimension analysis of social semiotics and dialectical ecolinguistics. There are several ideological dimensions in bunga’ lalang tradition through the analysis of two ritual discourses namely mappammula ta’pa and mappammula mantanang. The ideological dimensions revealed are classified into cognitive system, cultural assumption/belief, and mental/psychological system. All reflected the ideology of Luwu people/society in which bunga’ lalang tradition exists.
MENINGKATKAN PERKEMBANGAN BAHASA ANAK MELALUI MEDIA DIORAMA DI TK DHARMA WANITA PERSATUAN 1 ASEMBAGUS SITUBONDO
Authors: Layinah Shofiyatul , Masruroh Farhatin 
Published: September 2020

The development of children's language in class B1 with 21 students is still a minority of children who still have difficulty in communicating even just to convey ideas or ideas they still feel embarrassed or afraid to convey it. Even when invited to talk with others they are still unable to respond properly. Based on the background of the problem, this research aims to find out the results of improving children's language development through diorama media at the TK Dharma Wanita Persatuan 1 Asembagus Situbondo. The type of research used is classroom action research by conducting a controlled investigation to find and solve learning problems in class. Problem solving is done in cycles, which consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection with the aim of improving the quality and learning outcomes in class. The results obtained from improving children's language development through media dioramas in TK Dharma Wanita Persatuan 1 Asembagus Situbondo in the first cycle reached 61.9% of students who were able to reach KKM from a total of 21 students and in cycle II it reached 90% meaning that of 21 students only there are 2 students who have below average ability.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA DI MIN KEPATIHAN BOJONEGORO
Authors: Manshur Ahmad 
Published: September 2020

Pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi diharapkan mampu meningkatkan keberhasilan proses belajar mengajar. Memanfaatkan TIK dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran karena tidak didukung dengan sarana prasarana yang memadai. Pembelajaran hanya monoton dilakukan di ruang kelas dan dengan ceramah sehingga siswa merasa jenuh. Berdasarkan uraian diatas maka permasalahan penelitian adalah (1) bagaimanakah efektivitas penggunaan teknologi informasi dan Komunikasi terhadap prestasi belajar siswa di MIN Kepatihan Bojonegoro. (2) bagaimanakah efektivitas media pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar siswa di MIN Kepatihan Bojonegoro. (3) bagaimanakah efektivitas penggunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi sebagai media pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar siswa di MIN Kepatihan Bojonegoro. Metode dalam penelitian ini explanatory survey, yaitu merupakan suatu jenis metode penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan terhadap subyek dan obyek penelitian dalam jumlah besar dalam waktu yang bersamaan. Hasil perhitungan uji F (test anova) penggunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi sebagai media pembelajaran terhadap prestasi belajar siswa dapat dilihat pada Tabel Coefficient. Dari uji F (test anova), didapat F hitung adalah 15.518 dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,044. Karena probabilitas (0,044) jauh lebih kecil dari 0,05 berarti H0 ditolak, yang berarti bahwa penggunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi sebagai media pembelajaran secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar siswa.
The Lycian Name of Iranian Origin Miθrapata and Its variants
Authors: ADİEGO LAJARA İgnasi Xavier 
Published: September 2020

In this paper, the new coin legends of the dynast Miθrapata with a spelling variant mizrapata are analyzed, particularly regarding its possible connection to another variant form, mizrp-pata, whose existence can now be questioned. As for the double spelling mizrapata/miθrapata, it can be interpreted as the result of spelling traditions linked to chronological or dialectal factors. In this paper, the new coin legends of the dynast Miθrapata with a spelling variant mizrapata are analyzed, particularly regarding its possible connection to another variant form, mizrp-pata, whose existence can now be questioned. As for the double spelling mizrapata/miθrapata, it can be interpreted as the result of spelling traditions linked to chronological or dialectal factors.
Economic consequences of mandatory price re-registration for medicines from the high-cost nosology program
Authors: Rudakova A. V. , Ugrekhelidze D. T. , Krylov V. A. 
Published: September 2020

The Government Decree, approved in December 2019, required registration certificates holders of reference drugs, included in the essential drug list (EDL), submit applications for mandatory price re-registration. Drugs included in the high-cost nosology list (high-cost list) must be included in the EDL.Objective: to assess the budget impact of price re-registration for high-cost list drugs.Material and methods. The comparing economic analysis of high-cost nosology program before and after price re-registration based on the Government Decree N 1683 (effective from 16.12.2019). 125 reference stock keeping units (SKUs), included in the high-cost list, were evaluated.Results. The analysis showed, that after re-registration the prices of 66 SKUs will remain the same. The prices of 43 reference SKUs will be reduced after setting a single maximum selling price («equalization»). Prices for 16 SKUs will be reduced due to lower registered prices in the reference countries. Considering the contracts executed in 20192020, the budget of the high-cost program is up to 74.430 billion rubles, and after re-registration it will be equal to 64.162 billion rubles, so the savings will amount 10.267 billion (13.8 %). The main drivers of re-registration prices savings are: Advagraf (1.175 billion rubles), Elizaria (2.083 billion rubles) and Revlimid (2.247 billion rubles). Separately, we analyzed the consequences ofprices re-registration in the V-thgroup ofhigh-cost list, which are provided topatients with malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissues. It was calculated, that in 2019 the contracts for V-th group of high-cost list were signed for 19.217 billion rubles, and after the price re-registration for the purchase of the same number of drugs 16.762 billion rubles will be spent, so the savings from the price re-registration will amount to 2.455 billion rubles (12.8 %), among which 2.247 billion rubles will be provided by price re-registration of Revlimid.Conclusions. The pricing policy implemented in the Russian Federation is aimed at increasing the availability of highly effective medical care to the population of the Russian Federation and significantly reduces the burden on the budget of the healthcare system.
Analysis of the long-term effectiveness of a drug in the treatment of a chronic disease is the basis of rational pharmacotherapy (on the example of the use of roflumilast in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
Authors: Zhukova O. V. , Khokhlov A. L. 
Published: September 2020

The aim of the study consisted in assessing the long-term effectiveness of the drug in the treatment of chronic disease based on Markov modeling (on the example of the use of roflumilast in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).Materials and methods. The data on the dependence of exacerbations on the stage of COPD from the ECLIPSE study (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints) were used as materials for the study. The simulation was carried out using MO Excel software based on the Markov model. The input data were 1 000 patients with COPD II stage. The time horizon was 10 years. The Markov cycle was 1 year. Additional patients were not included in the model and did not drop out during the simulation.Results. The number of patients with stage IV for the last modeling cycle (10 years) will be 265 patients with the addition of roflumilast to COPD, then without roflumilast, this figure will be 296 patients. The addition of roflumilast to COPD therapy slows the transition to stage IV COPD by 10.5 % for 10 years.The conclusion. The Markov model of the transition of patients suffering from COPD through stages of the disease characterizes the course of the disease on the time horizon at 10 years. Of the model group of 1000 patients (suffering from stage II COPD), only 48.4 % of patients remain in this stage at the end of the simulation. On the last cycle of the modeling time horizon, in stage III there are 22.1% of the initial cohort of patients, in stage IV — 29.6 %. ttese data reflect actual clinical practice. When modeling using the frequencies of transitions between states obtained during studies in which the efficacy of adding roflumilast, inhibitor of PDE-4 to treatment regimens was studied, modeling slowed down the progression of the disease.
The pharmacoepidemiology of potential drug-drug interactions in patients with psychiatric disorders
Authors: Kirilochev O. O. , Umerova A. R. 
Published: September 2020

Actuality. Drug safety issues in patients with psychiatric disorders are relevant due to specifics of clinical pharmacology of the medicinal products used, possible treatment-resistance of mental illnesses and concomitant use of multiple antipsychotic drugs. One of the aspects of treatment safety is a prediction of drug-drug interactions.The aim of the study was to analyze potential drug-drug interactions in patients with psychiatric disorders.Materials and methods. The study enrolled 500 patients with psychiatric disorders in two age-related groups. Drug therapy was analyzed to reveal potential cases of drug-drug interactions.Results. A total of 1 031 cases of the use of drug combinations leading to drug-drug interactions of various clinical significance were revealed in 72.4 % of patients. There were significant differences between two age-related groups in respect of the specifics of medications use and clinical significance of drug combinations.Conclusion. Prediction of drug-drug interactions is likely to ensure improved drug safety in patients with psychiatric disorders.
Noblesse d’épée, noblesse de robe : espaces sociaux et frontières idéologiques
Authors: Haddad Elie 
Published: September 2020

« Noblesse de robe » et « noblesse d’épée », deux expressions couramment reprises dans l’historiographie de la noblesse à l’époque moderne, ne sont pas de simples descriptions sociales : leur apparition – décalée chronologiquement – et le développement de leur emploi au xviie siècle sont le fruit des transformations du second ordre, elles-mêmes conséquences de la politique monarchique (développement de la vénalité des offices, volonté de contrôler la définition de la noblesse) et des luttes de pouvoir au sein des élites du royaume. Une histoire sociale de leurs usages, confrontée à l’analyse des parcours sociaux des familles du second ordre, permet de montrer combien ces expressions sont avant tout des assignations qui renvoient à des confrontations idéologiques, à des jugements de valeur sur ce que doit être la noblesse, à une volonté de séparer des espaces sociaux pourtant poreux. Elle met en évidence le passage de termes désignant des états à des catégories désignant des groupes fondés sur des opérations de classement. Autant de changements qui eurent de grandes conséquences tant sur le devenir des familles nobles que sur la conception de la noblesse elle-même.
La frontière entre « judaïsme » et « aryanisme ». Logique antisémite, contentieux juridique et pratiques bureaucratiques autour du classement des « demi-juifs » en France occupée (1940-1944)
Authors: Joly Laurent 
Published: September 2020

Sous l’Occupation, le statut des juifs ne prévoit pas, contrairement à la législation nazie, un statut intermédiaire pour les individus ayant une ascendance « mixte » (nommés « demi-juifs » par l’administration). En France, pas de « métis » au premier ou au deuxième degré ; on est soit juif, soit non-juif. Or, les critères pour définir l’appartenance ou non à la « race juive » des « demi-juifs » varient selon les textes allemands et français, la jurisprudence des tribunaux et la pratique des fonctionnaires spécialisés. La frontière entre « juif » et « non-juif » est ténue, souvent arbitraire, conditionnée par l’appartenance religieuse, un divorce, un mariage... Être classé du « bon » ou du « mauvais » côté de la « barricade » (selon la formule de l’expert ethno-racial auprès de la Préfecture de police de Paris et du commissariat général aux Questions juives, George Montandon) est, bien souvent, un enjeu de vie ou de mort. L’administration (« service juif » de la PP et CGQJ pour l’essentiel) et les tribunaux ont eu à statuer sur des milliers de « cas douteux ». Plus de 11 000 « certificats de non-appartenance à la race juive » ont été délivrés par le CGQJ, au bout d’enquêtes minutieuses. L’objet de cette contribution est de réfléchir sur les catégories mobilisées par les agents de l’État pour trancher sur ces cas limites, et de comprendre les ressorts de cette quête obstinée afin de déterminer la frontière, juridique et politique, entre « juif » et « non-juif ».18 septembre 2020.
Des Parisiens écrivent à l’administration. Le jeu des frontières sociales et spatiales (1920-1945)
Authors: Backouche Isabelle 
Published: September 2020

Isabelle Backouche rapproche deux terrains d’enquête sur lesquels elle travaille actuellement. D’une part, l’annexion de la zone non aedificandi, une bande de 250 mètres déclarée inconstructible en 1841 parce qu’elle longe la fortification, et largement urbanisée au moment de son incorporation au territoire parisien en 1919. D’autre part, le vaste transfert d’appartements des familles juives parisiennes pendant l’occupation, sous l’égide de la préfecture de la Seine. Dans les deux cas, les Parisiennes et Parisiens concernés – les zoniers expulsés, les familles qui tentent d’investir un appartement précédemment occupé par des Juifs – écrivent à l’administration pour plaider leur cause. C’est à partir de ces écrits ordinaires que l’usage des frontières spatiales et sociales mises en œuvre dans les argumentaires est analysé. Cette observation donne l’occasion de comprendre comment des normes sociales sont travaillées par les acteurs, et par là, de restituer leur participation aux dynamiques spatiales à plusieurs échelles qui affectent la capitale au 20e siècle.
Confessions et frontières dans le Saint-Empire moderne : le Brandebourg, Minden et le calendrier en 1668
Authors: Duhamelle Christophe 
Published: September 2020

Entre 1583 et 1700, le Saint-Empire romain germanique connaît deux calendriers, décalés de dix jours. On considère généralement que l’un des calendriers, le grégorien, est catholique, et l’autre, l’ancien calendrier julien, est protestant. Il n’existe aucune raison théologique à cette répartition, qui n’est d’ailleurs pas absolue, comme le montre le cas étudié dans cet article : en 1668 le prince-électeur du Brandebourg (protestant) impose à ses sujets (majoritairement protestants) de la principauté de Minden en Westphalie le passage au calendrier grégorien (censément « catholique »). Les arguments des différents protagonistes de cette décision et les débats qu’elle engendre révèlent des synergies et des glissements entre le religieux et d’autres domaines (dont l’économique), gauchissant ces catégories souvent réifiées par l’historiographie. Par ailleurs, le débat montre que la frontière du Minden s’inscrit dans différentes échelles mobilisées, selon les besoins, par différents acteurs. Le cas permet donc de réinscrire dans un jeu social complexe (que l’on ne peut saisir que dans la diversité des sources) les limites spatiales et catégorielles qui semblent pourtant consubstantielles à la notion d’État territorial dans l’Empire
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus open thoracotomy in the management of empyema
Authors: Jindal Rohit , Nar Amandeep Singh , Mishra Atul , Singh Ravinder Pal , Aggarwal Aayushi , Bansal Namita 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:
With a rise in the incidence of thoracic empyema, surgical interventions also have evolved from the traditional open decortication to the current minimally invasive video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). In this study, we determine the feasibility of VATS and also put the superiority of VATS over open thoracotomy (OT) to test.

Subjects and Methods:
Prospective single-centre comparative analysis of clinical outcome in 60 patients undergoing either VATS or OT for thoracic empyema was done between 1st September, 2014, and 1st November, 2018. Furthermore, another group of patients, who were converted intraoperatively from VATS to OT, was studied descriptively.

Results:
Nearly 75% of the patients were male with a mean age of 45.16 years. Every second patient had associated tuberculosis (TB), attributed to the endemicity of TB in India. When compared with OT, VATS had a shorter duration of surgery (268.15 vs. 178.33 min), chest tube drainage (11.70 vs. 6.13 days), post-operative hospital stay (13.56 vs. 7.42 days) and time to return to work (26.96 vs. 12.57 days). Post-operative pain and analgesic requirement were also significantly reduced in the VATS group (P < 0.0001). Conversion rate observed was 14.2%, the most common reason being the presence of dense adhesions.

Conclusion:
We conclude that VATS, a minimally invasive procedure with its substantial advantages over thoracotomy and better functional outcome, should be preferred whenever feasible to do so. Also if needed, conversion of VATS to the conventional open procedure, rather than a failure, is a wise surgical judgement.
Un nuevo aprendizaje frente a la complejidad de la vida
Authors: Espinoza Recinos Linda Evelin 
Published: September 2020

La complejidad es una forma nueva de ver el mundo. Apareció en el transcurso del siglo XX y se ha instalado para desafiar a la especie humana, la cual en la actualidad se encuentra plagada por una explosión disciplinaria que no ha sido capaz de resolver los problemas más urgentes que enfrenta. Ante esa realidad Edgar Morín propone siete saberes que son indispensables para preparar a las nuevas generaciones para adaptarse a un futuro incierto. Luego se describe lo que significa la complejidad desde la perspectiva de complejólogos modernos, los principios que pueden ayudar a tener una forma de pensar adecuada ante el nuevo paradigma, la transdisciplinariedad como establecimiento de vínculos entre las diferentes disciplinas para lograr la unidad del conocimiento, la educación como un sistema complejo, la auto-organización creativa para encontrar la felicidad ayudando a los demás, la influencia sutil de la acción humana que influye y transforma, la interacciones en colectivos complejos y el saber humano del nuevo tipo. Todo ello para comprender mejor esa nueva visión sobre el aprendizaje y la educación dejando atrás la concepción lineal del mundo por una visión compleja para poder enfrentar las enormes transformaciones del hoy y del mañana.