bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid genetic‐discretized algorithm to handle data uncertainty in diagnosing stenosis of coronary arteries
Authors: Alizadehsani Roohallah , Roshanzamir Mohamad , Abdar Moloud , Beykikhoshk Adham , Khosravi Abbas , Nahavandi Saeid , Plawiak Pawel , Tan Ru San , Acharya U Rajendra 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCoronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of morbidity and death worldwide. Invasive coronary angiography is the most accurate technique for diagnosing CAD, but is invasive and costly. Hence, analytical methods such as machine learning and data mining techniques are becoming increasingly more popular. Although physicians need to know which arteries are stenotic, most of the researchers focus only on CAD detection and few studies have investigated stenosis of the right coronary artery (RCA), left circumflex (LCX) artery and left anterior descending (LAD) artery separately. Meanwhile, most of the datasets in this field are noisy (data uncertainty). However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study conducted to address this important problem. This study uses the extension of the Z‐Alizadeh Sani dataset, containing 303 records with 54 features. A new feature selection algorithm is proposed in this work. Meanwhile, by discretization of data, we also handle the uncertainty in CAD prediction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study attempted to handle uncertainty in CAD prediction. Finally, the genetic algorithm (GA) is used to determine the hyper‐parameters of the support vector machine (SVM) kernels. We have achieved high accuracy for the stenosis diagnosis of each main coronary artery. The results of this study can aid the clinicians to validate their manual stenosis diagnosis of RCA, LCX and LAD coronary arteries.
Mesohabitat modelling in fish ecology: A global synthesis
Authors: Wegscheider Bernhard , Linnansaari Tommi , Curry R. Allen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractModelling the linkage between physical habitat and aquatic organisms on multiple spatial scales has become an important tool in the management of rivers. The mesoscale (100–102 m) represents an intermediate resolution in modelling that bridges the gap between available resources and conservation efforts for riverine species. However, existing mesohabitat classification schemes for lotic systems vary significantly in the definition of habitat types as well as in their application in the field. This article aims to provide an overview of current attempts to model the mesoscale pattern of physical habitats with a focus on fish. First, we outline descriptive, qualitative as well as objective, quantitative classification methods that are available in the literature. Next, the ecological relevance of the mesohabitat concept is being discussed, using single‐species and community‐level approaches as examples. Different modelling approaches that describe and quantify riverine mesohabitats are presented, and finally, limitations and uncertainties in the modelling process are discussed, followed by an outline of future perspectives in mesohabitat modelling.
Estimates of population‐based incidence of malignant arrhythmias associated with medication use—a narrative review
Authors: Huang Yichang , Alsabbagh Mhd. Wasem 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCertain medications are reported to be associated with acquired long‐QT syndrome (ALQTS), which can degenerate into a potentially severe ‘malignant’ arrhythmia known as torsades de pointes (TdP). However, population‐based estimations of the incidence of medication‐associated malignant arrhythmia are limited. The purpose of this article is to review the clinical symptoms, cellular mechanism, categorization, and risk factors of these malignant arrhythmias, as well as illustrate results and methodological limitations of epidemiological literature which have previously estimated population‐based incidence of ALQTS and malignant arrhythmia. Administrative databases in universal healthcare systems (such as Canada) can be used to provide a robust estimate of this incidence. We present a valid operational definition of medication‐associated malignant arrhythmia, using Canadian hospital administrative data linked to prescription databases that can be used to estimate the population‐based incidence. An estimation of incidence may have important implications with regard to understanding the potential widespread distribution of this adverse effect—which may influence medication prescribing patterns.
Diagnosis of haemophilia and other inherited bleeding disorders ‐ Is a new paradigm needed?
Authors: Srivastava Alok 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe current paradigm for the diagnosis of haemophilia and other inherited bleeding disorders (IBDs) based on clinical assessment followed by screening tests and confirmation by assays of clotting factor levels or platelet functions is complex and cumbersome. These have been difficult to establish and standardize around the world for many reasons. Therefore, more than half of the expected number of people with these disorders in the world remain unidentified. A new approach is therefore needed. Use of validated bleeding assessment tools (BATs) offers an opportunity for standardized evaluation of clinically significant bleeding at the primary care level or even to be self‐assessed. Advances in genetic evaluation of these disorders through gene panels covering a wide range of IBDs based on next generation sequencing (NGS) technology enable the identification of the primary defect in the haemostasis system with high degree of accuracy. These methods can be centralized and made highly cost‐effective when done in large batches. The combination of high BAT score followed by NGS‐based genetic diagnosis could be the new paradigm for the primary diagnosis of IBDs. This will need to be followed by confirmation with functional haemostasis tests, as required. This approach will increase rates of detection of the known common disorders many folds and reduce the burden on these families towards accessing facilities for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment based on that.
WFH State‐of‐the‐art paper 2020: In vivo lentiviral vector gene therapy for haemophilia
Authors: Cantore Alessio , Naldini Luigi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOver the last decade, the development of new treatments for haemophilia has progressed at a very rapid pace. Despite all the promising advances in protein products, the prospect offered by gene therapy of a single potentially lifelong treatment remains attractive for people with haemophilia. Transfer to the liver of coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) or factor IX (FIX) transgenes has indeed the potential to stably restore the dysfunctional coagulation process. Recombinant adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐derived vectors are widely employed for liver‐directed gene therapy, given their very good efficacy and safety profile, shown in several preclinical and clinical studies. However, there are some limitations associated with AAV vectors, such as their predominantly episomal nature in the nucleus of target cells and the widespread pre‐existing immunity against the parental virus in humans. By contrast, HIV‐derived lentiviral vectors (LV) integrate into the target cell chromatin and are maintained as the cells duplicate their genome, a potential advantage for establishing long‐term expression especially in paediatric patients, in which the liver undergoes substantial growth. Systemic administration of LV allowed stable multi‐year transgene expression in the liver of mice and dogs. More recently, improved phagocytosis‐shielded LV were generated, which, following intravenous administration to non‐human primates, showed selective targeting of liver and spleen and enhanced hepatocyte gene transfer, achieving up to supra‐normal activity of both human FVIII and FIX transgenes. These studies support further preclinical assessment and clinical evaluation of in vivo liver‐directed LV gene therapy for haemophilia.
The Complexities of ‘Home’: Young People ‘on the Move’ and State Responses
Authors: MALLOCH MARGARET , RIGBY PAUL 
Published: June 2020

Abstract‘Home’ invokes ambiguous meanings for policy, practice and academia. This article explores the complexities of ‘home’ in relation to the experiences of two groups of young people in transitory circumstances (UK children who go missing from the family home or alternative care; and young people who have been separated from their home and families as refugees). We consider how the meaning given to ‘home’, despite its inherent ambiguity, functions as a central concept around which the vulnerability and credibility of children and young people are constructed. By problematising the universalised concept of home and the notion of ‘family’ that it implies, this article contributes to criminology and refugee studies by exploring State responses to ‘youth journeys’ (within and to the UK) through an idealised lens of ‘home’. This normative view, we suggest, forms the basis for determining State responses, with significant consequences for these young people.
Left maxillary sinus tumour‐induced hypophosphataemic osteomalacia and combined with thyroid papillary carcinoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Li Baoxin , Dong Yuehua , Liu Dandan , Yao Qi , Guo Shuqin , Xin Huanhuan , Wang He , Liu Lifang , Zhang Yunliang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTumour‐induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare disease characterised by hypophosphataemia and clinical symptoms of osteomalacia. Herein we report the case of a 29‐year‐old man who was admitted to hospital with progressive bone pain and was diagnosed with TIO caused by maxillary sinus tumours. In the preoperative evaluation, it was found that the patient had thyroid malignant tumours at the same time. Two operations were performed separately on the left maxillary sinus tumour and thyroid tumour after complete examination. After tumour resections, the symptoms of bone pain were relieved and the level of blood phosphorus was restored, long‐term replacement therapy was needed for thyroid. When a patient is diagnosed with TIO, it is necessary to screen for the presence of other malignant tumours and explore the treatment options in order to benefit patients preferably.
Patient involvement in surgical wound care research: A scoping review
Authors: Muir Rachel , Carlini Joan Julie , Harbeck Emma Louise , Gillespie Brigid Mary , Tuffaha Haitham Wadah , Walker Rachel Michell , McInnes Elizabeth Catherine , Latimer Sharon Leanne , Lin Frances Fengzhi , Pearcy Josh Michael , Chaboyer Wendy Pearl 
Published: June 2020

AbstractActive involvement of patients in planning, conducting, and disseminating research has been adopted by many organisations internationally, but the extent to which this occurs in surgical wound care is not evident. This scoping review aimed to identify how patients have been involved in surgical wound care research and the quality of its reporting. Full‐text studies focused on preoperative and postoperative surgical wound care in the acute care setting, published in English between 2004 and 2019, were included in the review. Screening, data charting, and quality assessment were conducted by two reviewers independently, adjudicated by a third, and then reviewed by five others. Thematic analysis synthesised the findings. Of the eight included studies, seven explained the methods for patient involvement and five described aims related to patient involvement and commented on patient involvement in the discussion. None met all of the quality assessment criteria. Three themes emerged: involvement in modifying and refining research processes, connecting and balancing expert and patient views, and sharing personal insights. Recommendations to improve patient involvement in surgical wounds research include the following: using framework and tools to inform future research; training researcher and patients in their respective research roles; and ongoing monitoring of patient involvement.
Influence of multi‐step sintering on microstructural evolution and interfacial characteristics of Mo2FeB2‐based cermets
Authors: Wu Hao , Zheng Yong , Zhang Jiajie , Zhang Guotao , Ke Zheng , Xu Xiangyu , Lu Xuepeng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIt has been reported that high‐quality Mo2FeB2‐based cermets can be fabricated by multi‐step sintering under vacuum. Herein, the influence of multi‐step sintering on microstructure evolution and interfacial characteristics of Mo2FeB2‐based cermets has been systematically investigated by a wide range of material characterization techniques, including XRD, SEM, and TEM. During solid‐state sintering, fine Mo2FeB2 particles, WC, and Cr completely dissolved, whereas a majority of coarse Mo2FeB2 particles remained undissolved. During liquid‐phase sintering, large amounts of the dissolved particles precipitated on the remaining coarse Mo2FeB2 particles and formed M3B2 solid solutions (M = Mo, Fe, Cr, and W), resulting in most grains having a black core/gray rim structure. Moreover, a small portion of solid solutions precipitated directly from some W and Cr‐rich areas of the liquid binder phase, thus forming some coreless grains. The rim/binder interface between the core/rim structure grains and Fe‐based binder phase was atomically smooth with an incoherent relationship. In addition, it was found that M3B2 solid solutions had the same crystal structure as Mo2FeB2, both of which belong to tetragonal structure. Interestingly, a thin layer, formed locally at rim/binder interface, was proved to be a B‐deficient tetragonal M3B2−x compound, where the lattice mismatch between the M3B2 and M3B2−x was 1.9%. The formation of the transition layer can be ascribed to the fact that the last few solid solutions with several atomic‐layer thicknesses could not precipitate on the rims and remain at the grain boundary during cooling, rendering a rim/layer/binder sandwich structure.
Psychometric characteristics of the caregiver contribution to self‐care of chronic illness inventory
Authors: Vellone Ercole , Lorini Silvia , Ausili Davide , Alvaro Rosaria , Di Mauro Stefania , De Marinis Maria Grazia , Matarese Maria , De Maria Maddalena 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimThe purpose of the this study was to test the factorial structure, internal consistency reliability and concurrent validity of the Caregiver Contribution to Self‐Care Chronic Illness Inventory.BackgroundExisting measures of caregiver contribution to self‐care are disease‐specific or behaviour‐specific; no generic measures exist.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodBetween April 2017 ‐ December 2018, we enrolled a convenience sample of 358 patients with chronic illnesses and their caregivers. Patients completed the Self‐Care of Chronic Illness Inventory while caregivers completed the Caregiver Contribution to Self‐Care of Chronic Illness Inventory, a modification of the Self‐Care of Chronic Illness Inventory, which includes three scales as follows: the Caregiver Contribution to Self‐Care Maintenance, the Caregiver Contribution to Self‐Care Monitoring and the Caregiver Contribution to Self‐Care Management. Of each scale, we tested the factorial structure with confirmatory factor analysis and reliability with the factor score determinacy coefficient, the global reliability index for multidimensional scale and Cronbach's alpha. Also, we used Pearson's correlations for concurrent validity purposes.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis supported the two‐factor structure of the Caregiver Contribution to Self‐Care Maintenance and Management scales and the one‐factor structure of the Caregiver Contribution to Self‐Care Monitoring scale. A simultaneous confirmatory factor analysis on the combined set of items supported the more general model (Comparative Fit Index = 0.933). Reliability estimates ranged between 0.701 and 0.961 across the three scales. Concurrent validity of Caregiver Contribution to Self‐Care of Chronic Illness Inventory with the Self‐Care of Chronic Illness Inventory was not sufficiently supported since weak correlations were found.ConclusionThe Caregiver Contribution to Self‐Care of Chronic Illness Inventory is valid and reliable and can be used in clinical practice and research.ImpactThe Caregiver Contribution to Self‐Care of Chronic Illness Inventory is an useful instrument to evaluate the extent to which caregivers contribute to patient self‐care in chronic illnesses.
Secondary analyses to assess the profound effects of empagliflozin on endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular diseases: The placebo‐controlled double‐blind randomized effect of empagliflozin on endothelial function in cardiovascular high risk diabetes mellitus: Multi‐center placebo‐controlled double‐blind randomized trial
Authors: Tanaka Atsushi , Shimabukuro Michio , Machii Noritaka , Teragawa Hiroki , Okada Yosuke , Shima Kosuke R. , Takamura Toshinari , Taguchi Isao , Hisauchi Itaru , Toyoda Shigeru , Matsuzawa Yasushi , Tomiyama Hirofumi , Yamaoka‐Tojo Minako , Ueda Shinichiro , Higashi Yukihito , Node Koichi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAims/IntroductionRecent clinical trials on sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors showed improved outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes at a high risk of cardiovascular events. However, the underlying effects on endothelial function remain unclear.Materials and MethodsThe effect of empagliflozin on endothelial function in cardiovascular high risk diabetes mellitus: Multi‐center placebo‐controlled double‐blind randomized (EMBLEM) trial in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease showed empagliflozin treatment for 24 weeks had no effect on peripheral endothelial function measured by reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry. This post‐hoc analysis of the EMBLEM trial included a detailed evaluation of the effects of empagliflozin on peripheral endothelial function in order to elucidate the clinical characteristics of responders or non‐responders to treatment.ResultsOf the 47 patients randomized into the empagliflozin group, 21 (44.7%) showed an increase in the reactive hyperemia index (RHI) after 24 weeks of intervention, with no apparent difference in the clinical characteristics between patients whose RHI either increased (at least >0) or did not increase. There was also no obvious difference between the treatment groups in the proportion of patients who had a clinically meaningful change (≥15%) in log‐transformed RHI. No correlation was found between changes in RHI and clinical variables, such as vital signs and laboratory parameters.ConclusionsTreatment with empagliflozin for 24 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease did not affect peripheral endothelial function, and was not related to changes in clinical variables, including glycemic parameters. These findings suggest that the actions of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors other than direct improvement in peripheral endothelial function were responsible, at least in the early phase, for the clinical benefits found in recent cardiovascular outcome trials.
SUMOylation of synaptic and synapse‐associated proteins: An update
Authors: Henley Jeremy M. , Seager Richard , Nakamura Yasuko , Talandyte Karolina , Nair Jithin , Wilkinson Kevin A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSUMOylation is a post‐translational modification that regulates protein signalling and complex formation by adjusting the conformation or protein–protein interactions of the substrate protein. There is a compelling and rapidly expanding body of evidence that, in addition to SUMOylation of nuclear proteins, SUMOylation of extranuclear proteins contributes to the control of neuronal development, neuronal stress responses and synaptic transmission and plasticity. In this brief review we provide an update of recent developments in the identification of synaptic and synapse‐associated SUMO target proteins and discuss the cell biological and functional implications of these discoveries.
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The efficacy of macro‐focused ultrasound in the treatment of upper facial laxity: A pilot study
Authors: Wanitphakdeedecha Rungsima , Yan Chadakan , Ng Janice Natasha C. , Nokdhes Ya‐Nin , Tantrapornpong Ploypailin , Techapichetvanich Thanya , Eimpunth Sasima , Manuskiatti Woraphong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecently, macro‐focused ultrasound (MFU) has become a popular noninvasive esthetic treatment for facial laxity. However, there are no studies done that evaluated the use of MFU with a 2.0 mm transducer for upper facial lifting.AimsTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of MFU with a 2.0 mm transducer in the treatment of upper facial laxity in Thai patients.MethodsThis was a prospective, evaluator‐blinded pilot study with 34 Thai patients diagnosed with mild to moderate facial laxity. Patients were treated with a single session of MFU with 2.0 mm transducer at the forehead, lateral and just below the eye area. Primary outcome was the clinical improvement of upper facial laxity graded by 2 blinded dermatologists at baseline, 1‐week, 1‐, 3‐, and 6‐month follow‐up. Objective measurements including eyebrow height, upper facial volume, and textural irregularities were evaluated. Patients’ self‐assessment scores and adverse effects were also recorded.ResultsOut of 34 patients, 27 (79.4%) attended all follow‐ups. Clinical improvement of upper facial laxity was observed as early as 1‐week follow‐up. Eyebrow height elevation was significantly increased at every follow‐up (P = .000) with an average of 1.22 mm at 6‐month follow‐up. Wrinkles improved significantly at 1‐week and 6‐month follow‐up (P = .002 and P = .010, respectively). Skin roughness showed significant improvement at 6‐month follow‐up (P = .004). Majority of the patients (53.6%) reported marked improvement at 3‐month follow‐up. No serious adverse event was noted.ConclusionMacro‐focused ultrasound is a safe and effective treatment for upper facial laxity and skin textural irregularities in patients with mild to moderate degree of laxity.
Clues and pitfalls in prenatal diagnosis of classic cloacal exstrophy using ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging: A case with sequential observation from 17 to 30 weeks' gestation and literature review
Authors: Gondo Kanako , Yokomine Masato , Yoshizato Toshiyuki , Furuta Takuya , Ushijima Kimio 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe observed a case of classic cloacal exstrophy (CE) from 17 to 30 weeks' gestation. At 17 weeks, an omphalocele and single umbilical artery (SUA) were diagnosed with a normal female karyotype on amniocentesis. A pelvic cystic adjacent to SUA, considered to be the bladder at 17 weeks, became swollen to form double cysts at 25 weeks. A phallus‐like structure along the lower abdomen was additionally detected, leading to the diagnosis of CE. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 30 weeks confirmed that the phallus‐like structure was of intestinal origin. The presence of a non‐visualizable bladder together with abdominal wall defect or omphalocele and an elephant trunk‐like deformity are key findings in the prenatal diagnosis of classic CE. Fetal MRI was useful in confirming ultrasonographic findings and obtaining additional findings for the diagnosis of CE. We have discussed clues and potential pitfalls in diagnosing CE, with a review of the literature.