bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modular invariant models of lepton masses at levels 4 and 5
Authors: Criado Juan Carlos , Feruglio Ferruccio , King Simon J. D. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We explore alternative descriptions of the charged lepton sector in modular invariant models of lepton masses and mixing angles. In addition to the modulus, the symmetry breaking sector of our models includes ordinary flavons. Neutrino mass terms depend only on the modulus and are tailored to minimize the number of free parameters. The charged lepton Yukawa couplings rely upon the flavons alone. We build modular invariant models at levels 4 and 5, where neutrino masses are described both in terms of the Weinberg operator or through a type I seesaw mechanism. At level 4, our models reproduce the hierarchy among electron, muon and tau masses by letting the weights play the role of Froggatt-Nielsen charges. At level 5, our setup allows the treatment of left and right handed charged leptons on the same footing. We have optimized the free parameters of our models in order to match the experimental data, obtaining a good degree of compatibility and predictions for the absolute neutrino masses and the C P violating phases. At a more fundamental level, the whole lepton sector could be correctly described by the simultaneous presence of several moduli. Our examples are meant to make a first step in this direction.
Enlarging the scope of resonant di-Higgs searches: hunting for Higgs-to-Higgs cascades in 4b final states at the LHC and future colliders
Authors: Barducci D. , Mimasu K. , No J. M. , Vernieri C. , Zurita J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We extend the coverage of resonant di-Higgs searches in the b$$ \overline{b} $$

b
¯

b$$ \overline{b} $$

b
¯

final state to the process pp → H1→ H2H2→ b$$ \overline{b} $$

b
¯

b$$ \overline{b} $$

b
¯

, where both H1,2 are spin-0 states beyond the Standard Model. Such a process constitutes a joint discovery mode for the new states H1 and H2. We present the first sensitivity study of this channel, using public LHC data to validate our analysis. We also provide a first estimate of the sensitivity of the search for the HL-LHC and future facilities like the HE-LHC and FCC-hh. We analyze the discovery potential of this search for several non-minimal scalar sector scenarios: an extension of the SM with two extra singlet scalar fields, the two-Higgs-doublet model and a two-Higgs doublet model plus a singlet, which captures the scalar potential features of the NMSSM. We find that this channel represents a novel, very powerful probe for extended Higgs sectors, offering complementary sensitivity to existing analyses.
Therapie der Polyneuropathie – autonome Symptome und Schmerzen
Authors: Sachau J. , Fabig S.-C. , Rehm S. , Baron R. 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Therapie der Polyneuropathie beinhaltet die symptomatische Behandlung sensibler, motorischer und autonomer Funktionsstörungen.

Ziel
Der Beitrag soll einen Überblick über aktuelle Therapieempfehlungen bei Polyneuropathie geben. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf der Schmerztherapie.

Material und Methoden
Basierend auf einer Literaturrecherche werden die aktuellen Empfehlungen zur Therapie diskutiert.

Ergebnisse
Mittel der ersten Wahl zur Therapie von Schmerzen bei Polyneuropathie sind die an Kalziumkanälen ansetzenden Antikonvulsiva Gabapentin und Pregabalin sowie die Antidepressiva Amitriptylin und Duloxetin. Alternativ können bei lokalisierten Beschwerden topische Therapeutika eingesetzt werden. In Einzelfällen kann der Einsatz von Opioiden sowie anderen Antidepressiva und Antikonvulsiva erwogen werden. Limitiert wird die Therapie im Allgemeinen durch Nebenwirkungen vor allem zentralnervöser Art.

Schlussfolgerung
Generell sollte die Therapie multimodal erfolgen und die Behandlung weiterer Beschwerden umfassen. Bei der Auswahl der Schmerzmedikation sollten Komorbiditäten, Patientenalter und Nebenwirkungen berücksichtigt werden. Eine Stratifizierung der Patienten anhand des Phänotyps könnte dabei helfen, das bestmögliche Therapieansprechen zu erzielen.
Experimental investigation and optimisation of the micro milling process of hardened hot-work tool steel
Authors: Balázs B. Z. , Takács M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn the past few decades, demand for precise miniature components has grown significantly. Modern production technologies required for the production of such components, including micro milling, have become extensively researched areas. In spite of the intensive research in this field, there are still many topics and aspects that merit investigation. Through a systematic series of experiments, this paper analyses the special characteristics of micro milling including cutting forces, vibrations, burr formation, and surface quality. A 5-axis micromachining centre with 60.000 rpm maximum spindle speed was used for the experiments carried out in the scope of this paper, and the machining of hardened hot-work tool steel (AISI H13) with a hardness of 50 HRC was investigated in detail. Also, a special measurement environment was prepared in order to collect machining data. Based on the results of the experiments, a power regression prediction model for cutting forces was created. As part of the analysis in the scope of the experiments, fast Fourier transformation was carried out in order to analyse the dynamic characteristics of the micro milling process, and to determine dominant frequencies. In addition, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to extensively analyse the main effects and interactions of different cutting parameters on different characteristics. Based on the investigations carried out in a comprehensive parameter range, an optimal parameter combination was also determined. The results of the experiments introduced in this paper contribute to a deeper understanding of the micro milling process, and this research provides information directly applicable in the industry.
The Economic Value of the Delivery of Primary Cleft Surgery in Timor Leste 2000–2017
Authors: Nandoskar Priya , Coghlan Patrick , Moore Mark H. , Ximenes Joao , Moore Eileen M. , Karnon Jonathan , Watters David A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundPlastic and reconstructive surgical teams visiting from Australia, a high‐income country, have delivered cleft surgical services to Timor Leste since 2000 on a volunteer basis. This paper aims to estimate the economic benefit of correcting cleft deformities in this new nation as it evolved its healthcare delivery service from independence in 1999.MethodsWe have utilised a prospective database of all cleft surgical interventions performed during 44 plastic surgical missions over the last 18 years. The disability‐adjusted life year (DALY) framework was used to calculate the total DALYs averted by primary cleft lip and palate repair. The 2004 global burden of disease disability weights were used. Economic benefits were calculated using the gross national income (GNI) and the value of a statistical life (VSL) methods for Timor Leste. Estimates were adjusted for treatment effectiveness, counterfactual cases, and complications. Cost estimates included the local hospitalisation costs, the foregone salaries of the visiting surgeons and nurses, other costs associated with providing surgical care, and an estimate for foregone wages of the patients or their carers. Sensitivity analysis was performed with income elasticity set to 0.55, 1.0, and 1.5.ResultsDuring 44 visiting plastic surgical missions to Timor Leste, 1500 procedures were performed, including 843 primary cleft lip and palate operations. The cleft procedures resulted in the aversion of 842 DALYs and an economic return to Timor Leste of USD 2.2 million (GNI‐based) or USD 197,917 (VSL‐based). Our programme cost USD 705 per DALY averted. The economic return on investment was 0.3:1 (VSL‐based) or 3.8:1 (GNI‐based).ConclusionA sustained and consistent visiting team approach providing repair of cleft lip and palate defects has resulted in considerable economic gain for Timor Leste over an 18‐year period. The training of a local surgeon and multidisciplinary team with ongoing support to the in‐country cleft service is expected to reduce the cost per DALY averted once the surgeon and team are able to manage clefts independently.
Impact of Hepatic Artery Variations and Reconstructions on the Outcome of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation
Authors: Karakoyun Rojbin , Romano Antonio , Yao Ming , Dlugosz Rafal , Ericzon Bo‐Göran , Nowak Greg 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundDonor variational arteries often require complex reconstruction.MethodsWe analysed the incidence of different variations, types of arterial reconstructions and their impact on post‐operative results from 409 patients undergoing liver transplantation at Karolinska Institute between 2007 and 2015.ResultsA total of 292 (71.4%) liver grafts had a standard hepatic artery (SHA), and 117 (28.6%) showed hepatic artery variants (HAV). 58% of HAV needed reconstruction. The main variations were variant left hepatic artery (45.3%) from the gastric artery; variant right hepatic artery (38.5%); and a triple combination of variant right and left hepatic artery and the proper hepatic artery from the common hepatic artery (12.8%); other 3.4%. Patients/graft survival and arterial complications were not different between SHA and HAV. Incidence of biliary stricture was numerically higher in left hepatic artery variants (p = 0.058) and in variants where no arterial reconstruction was performed (p = 0.001). Operation and arterial warm ischaemia time were longer in the HAV group. The need for intraoperative re‐reconstruction was higher in the HAV group (p = 0.04). Intraoperative bleeding was larger after back‐table reconstruction than with intraoperative reconstruction (p = 0.04).ConclusionNo overall differences were found between the HAV and the SHA groups. Occurrence of a variant left hepatic artery and HAV with no reconstruction seems to increase the risk of biliary strictures.
Barriers to Surgical Care Among Children in Somaliland: An Application of the Three Delays Framework
Authors: Concepcion Tessa L. , Dahir Shukri , Mohamed Mubarak , Hiltbrunn Kyle , Ismail Edna Adan , Poenaru Dan , Rice Henry E. , Smith Emily R. ,   the Global Initiative for Children's Surgery
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are complex barriers that increase delays to surgical care in low‐ and middle‐income countries, particularly among the vulnerable population of children. Understanding these barriers to surgical care can result in targeted and strategic intervention efforts to improve care for children. The three‐delay model is a widely used framework in global health for evaluating barriers associated with seeking (D1), reaching (D2), and receiving health care (D3). The goal of our study is to evaluate reasons for delays in the surgical care for children in Somaliland using the three‐delay framework.MethodsData were collected in a cross‐sectional study in Somaliland from 1503 children through a household survey. Among children with a surgical need, we quantified the number of children seeking, reaching, and receiving care along the surgical care continuum, according to the three‐delay framework. We evaluated predictors of the three delays through a multivariate logistic regression model, including the child's age, gender, village type, household income level, region, and household size.ResultsOf the 196 children identified with a surgical condition, 50 (27.3%) children had a delay in seeking care (D1), 28 (20.6%) children had a delay in reaching care (D2), and 84 (71.2%) children had a delay in receiving care (D3), including 10 children who also experienced D1 and D2. The main reasons cited for D1 included seeking a traditional healthcare provider, while lack of money and availability of care were main reasons cited for D2. Significant predictors for delays included household size for D1 and D3 and condition type and region for D2.ConclusionChildren in Somaliland experience several barriers to surgical care along the entire continuum of care, allowing for policy guidance tailored to specific local challenges and resources. Since delays in surgical care for children can substantially impact the effectiveness of surgical interventions, viewing delays in surgical care under the lens of the three‐delay framework can inform strategic interventions along the pediatric surgical care continuum, thereby reducing delays and improving the quality of surgical care for children.
The p48 Flow Modulation Device with Hydrophilic Polymer Coating (HPC) for the Treatment of Acutely Ruptured Aneurysms: Early Clinical Experience Using Single Antiplatelet Therapy
Authors: Aguilar-Perez Marta , Hellstern Victoria , AlMatter Muhammad , Wendl Christina , Bäzner Hansjörg , Ganslandt Oliver , Henkes Hans 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Flow diversion (FD) remains a potential treatment option following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) when standard options may not be feasible. However, it should not be considered a first-line treatment due to the need for dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). The hydrophilic polymer coating on the p48MW flow diverter (HPC, phenox) is a surface modification that inhibits platelet adhesion. This study aims to report on our early single-center experience using the p48MW HPC (phenox) flow diverter with single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) following an aSAH.

Materials and Methods
We retrospectively identified all patients who had been treated with the p48MW HPC for aSAH under SAPT. All patients treated within 30 days following an aSAH were included. Any occurrence of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications was recorded alongside angiographic and clinical follow-up details.

Results
Eight patients were identified. The mean interval between aSAH and FD was 6 days. Of the eight ruptured aneurysms, one was blister-like, one saccular, one mycotic, and the remaining five were dissecting aneurysms. Intraprocedural transient thrombus formation was observed in four patients (50%). Stent thrombosis was observed in one patient (12.5%) on day 3 with spontaneous recanalization after being switched onto DAPT. None of the aneurysms rebled after treatment. Two patients died due to cerebral vasospasm. Complete aneurysm occlusion had been achieved in all but one patient at angiographic follow-up (average 6 months).

Conclusions
This small series highlights the possibility and limitations of using the p48MW HPC with SAPT in ruptured aneurysms. Randomized trials with longer follow-up in larger cohorts are underway.
Genetic structure of Doronicum austriacum (Asteraceae) in the Carpathians and adjacent areas: toward a comparative phylogeographical analysis of tall-herb species
Authors: Stachurska-Swakoń Alina , Cieślak Elżbieta , Ronikier Michał , Nowak Justyna , Kaczmarczyk Agnieszka 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTall-herb communities play an important role in the vegetation of the European mountains. They are developed in humid habitats with nutrient-rich soil, from submontane to subalpine zones. As its contemporary flora consists of different geographical elements, their history, especially in relation to the climatic oscillations throughout the Pleistocene, is not straightforward. We analyze the phylogeography of Doronicum austriacum, one of the main species building Central European tall-herb communities. We additionally discuss these new data in the context of earlier phylogeographical studies of key species of tall-herb communities to compare the major patterns of their lineage distributions. The study was based on AFLP fingerprinting and DNA sequencing of sampled populations from the Carpathians and adjacent lowland, Alps, Sudetes, and Balkan Peninsula. Our results confirm the phylogeographical break between the Western and South-Eastern Carpathians as a major regional biogeographical feature. Close affinity of the Western Carpathian and Sudetes populations was also confirmed as a significant feature in common for studied tall-herb species. In contrast to the phylogeographical structure of other tall-herb species, a divergence of D. austriacum populations from the Balkan Peninsula was observed supporting the presence of divergent and taxonomically distinct lineage in the latter area. The general phylogeographical pattern indicates past survival in several distinct areas but only partly common features for the community level emerge. Finally, the history of low-elevation populations of D. austriacum at the northern margin of the distribution range remains unclear but mainly their close affinity to the forest Western Carpathian populations is suggested.
Biofunctionalization of porcine-derived collagen matrices with platelet rich fibrin: influence on angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Blatt Sebastian , Burkhardt Valentin , Kämmerer Peer W. , Pabst Andreas M. , Sagheb Keyvan , Heller Martin , Al-Nawas Bilal , Schiegnitz Eik 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Porcine-derived collagen matrices (CM) can be used for oral tissue regeneration, but sufficient revascularization is crucial. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on angiogenesis of different CM in vitro and in vivo.

Materials and methods
Three different CM (mucoderm, jason, collprotect) were combined with PRF in a plotting process. Growth factor release (VEGF, TGF-β) was measured in vitro via ELISA quantification after 1,4 and 7 days in comparison to PRF alone. In ovo yolk sac (YSM) and chorion allantois membrane (CAM) model, angiogenic potential were analyzed in vivo with light- and intravital fluorescence microscopy after 24 h, then verified with immunohistochemical staining for CD105 and αSMA.

Results
Highest growth factor release was seen after 24 h for all three activated membranes in comparison to the native CM (VEGF 24 h: each p < 0.05; TGF-β: each p < 0.001) and the PRF (no significant difference). All activated membranes revealed a significantly increased angiogenic potential in vivo after 24 h (vessels per mm2: each p < 0.05; branching points per mm2: each p < 0.01; vessel density: each p < 0.05) and with immunohistochemical staining for CD105 (each p < 0.01) and αSMA (each p < 0.05).

Conclusions
PRF improved the angiogenesis of CM in vitro and in vivo.

Clinical relevance
Bio-functionalization of CM with PRF could easily implemented in the clinical pathway and may lead to advanced soft tissue healing.
Disease activity, morning stiffness and missing teeth are associated with oral health-related quality of life in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Schmalz Gerhard , Noack Stefan , Patschan Susann , Patschan Daniel , Müller Gerhard A. , Rupprecht Annegret , Schmickler Jan , Haak Rainer , Ziebolz Dirk 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its relation to specific RA characteristics.

Material and methods
Within the oral examination, the need for dental (carious teeth showing cavitation) and periodontal treatment (presence of a probing depth ≥ 3.5 mm) and the number of missing teeth (M-T) were recorded. OHRQoL was assessed with the German short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP G14). The disease activity score (DAS28-ESR), disease duration, number of swollen/painful joints and duration of morning stiffness were retrieved from the patient records.

Results
A total of 176 patients with a mean age of 62.5 ± 10.2 years were included. The overall OHIP G14 sum score was 5.4 ± 7.1. The M-T showed a significant correlation with the dimensions of oral function (r = 0.25, p = 0.001) and psychosocial impact (r = 0.20, p = 0.009) and the sum score (r = 0.26, p = 0.001). The DAS28-ESR showed a significant correlation with psychosocial impact (r = 0.19, p = 0.012) and the sum score (r = 0.16, p = 0.041). The duration of morning stiffness was correlated with oral function (r = 0.19, p = 0.019), psychosocial impact (r = 0.18, p = 0.024) and the sum score (r = 0.22, p = 0.006). The effect size of these correlations was interpreted as small.

Conclusion
Disease activity, morning stiffness and missing teeth are associated to OHRQoL of patients with RA. Accordingly, multidisciplinary dental care appears necessary for these patients.

Clinical relevance
The prevention of tooth loss as well as the consideration of psychosocial and disease-specific parameters in the multidisciplinary dental care of RA patients is necessary.
Experimentelle Ermittlung der Ölströmung in tauchgeschmierten Schneckengetrieben
Authors: Norgauer Philipp , Grunewald Laura , Priester Lena , Heilemann Jens , Hein Michael , Stahl Karsten 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungSchneckengetriebe finden sich in verschiedenen Anwendungen als Stell- und Leistungsgetriebe. Aufgrund der Realisierbarkeit einer hohen Übersetzung bei kleinem Bauraum ermöglichen sie effiziente und kompakte Antriebskonzepte, auch bei sicherheitskritischen Anwendungen, da sie selbsthemmend ausgeführt werden können.Im Betrieb von Getrieben ergeben sich Verluste, welche zum einen in der Verzahnung, zum anderen durch andere Maschinenelemente wie Lager- oder Dichtungen entstehen. Diese Verluste werden größtenteils in Form von Wärme an das Getriebeöl abgegeben, welches sie wiederum an das Gehäuse abgibt. Im Betrieb wird das Öl im Gehäuseinneren in Bewegung versetzt, sodass ein Wärmetransport in Form von Konvektion erfolgt. Es entstehen komplexe Strömungen im Gehäuseinneren. Die Ausprägung dieser Strömungen bestimmt maßgeblich den thermischen Betriebspunkt und hat damit auch Einfluss auf Wirkungsgrad und Tragfähigkeit des Getriebes.In diesem Artikel werden die Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen zur Ölsumpfströmung vorgestellt. Hierfür wurde das Gehäuse eines Serienschneckengetriebes mit durchsichtigen Deckeln adaptiert, sodass die im Betrieb des Getriebes auftretende Ölströmung erfasst werden konnte. Über verschiedene Versuchspunkte wurden die entstehenden Strömungen dokumentiert. Anschließend wurden die Versuchsdaten mit Strömungsmodellen der Literatur abgeglichen, sodass mit dieser Veröffentlichung erste Beschreibungsansätze für die im Betrieb vorliegende Ölströmung in tauchgeschmierten Schneckengetrieben vorgestellt werden.
The beneficial effect of cold atmospheric plasma on parameters of molecules and cell function involved in wound healing in human osteoblast-like cells in vitro
Authors: Eggers B. , Marciniak J. , Memmert S. , Kramer F. J. , Deschner J. , Nokhbehsaim M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse the effect of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on human osteoblast-like cells in vitro. Additionally, underlying intracellular mechanisms were to be studied. Human osteoblast-like (MG63) cells were exposed to CAP for 60 s. The effects of CAP on key molecules essential for the wound healing response were studied using real-time PCR, ELISA and immunocytochemistry. For studying intracellular signalling pathways, MAP kinase MEK 1/2 was blocked. Cell viability was analysed by an XTT assay and with an EVE automated cell counter. Cell migration was examined by an in vitro wound healing assay.CAP exposition on osteoblast-like cells caused a significant upregulation of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, cyclooxygenase (COX)2, collagen (COL) 1α, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)1, Ki67, proliferating-cell-nuclear-antigen (PCNA) and chemokine ligand (CCL)2 mRNA expression at 1 day. Interestingly, after blocking of MAP kinase, CAP-induced upregulation of Ki67 was inhibited by 57%. Moreover, CAP treatment improved significantly osteoblast-like cell viability as compared to untreated cells at 1 day. Beneficial effect of CAP treatment was shown by an in vitro wound healing assay, displaying a significant faster wound closure. Our findings provide evidence that CAP exposure effects gene and protein regulation in human osteoblast-like cells. Furthermore, CAP treatment has a positive impact on wound closure in an in vitro setting and might improve existing concepts of hard tissue regeneration in the future.