bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wildlife and damage to agriculture: an ethnobiological approach with rural producers in southeastern Brazil
Authors: de Carvalho Ana Laura Campos , Araújo Adrielli Ribeiro , Machado Théa Mirian Medeiros , Ribon Rômulo , Lopes Leonardo Esteves 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSome wild animal species quickly adapt to anthropogenic environments, producing unusually large populations, causing human-wildlife conflicts. The objective of this study is to understand the way the farmers perceive the fauna and the information they possess regarding the damages those animais inflict on their crops in southeastern Brazil. We collected data by presenting 200 questionnaires and conducting 22 semi-structured interviews with the rural producers in a region characterized by an agrarian matrix intermixed with small forest patches. Nearly every rural producer (99%) who answered the questionnaire (n = 107) had suffered wild animal-triggered economic losses, especially by the White-eyed Parakeet Psittacara leucophthalmus (51%), which attacked maize and fruit crops. A substantial portion of these farmers (38%) has employed some control method, including acoustic techniques (42.5%), like fireworks, and visual techniques (41%), like scarecrows. The farmers concurred that effective control methods are necessary for the White-eyed Parakeet, as current techniques proved inadequate. The understanding that the rural producers possess about the problem will facilitate designing new control strategies to manage this pest species. However, to ensure its success, a suitable management plan must be formulated to guarantee that the local rural occupations are maintained, incorporating human dimensions into wildlife management.
Recurrent seasonal occurrence of the Lineated Woodpecker (Dryocopus lineatus) in a riparian fragment of the Atlantic Forest, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Menezes Rafael , Pimentel Georgiana M. , Rosa Ricardo S. , Ribeiro Alan Loures 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRiparian forests play important roles as ecological corridors and refuge habitat for many bird populations in fragmented landscapes. This report describes the seasonal occurrence of the Lineated Woodpecker (Dryocopus lineatus) in a small riparian fragment of Atlantic Forest, northeastern Brazil. A female was recorded by its visual and acoustical signals from September to October 2014. Similar occurrences were observed in the same months over three consecutive years. Two major hypotheses regarding the woodpecker seasonal occurrence are discussed here: i) the use of the riparian fragment for breeding, evidenced by tree-cavity nests; and ii) fleeing of the bird from its natal habitat due to fire in adjacent sugarcane fields, which commonly are burned in these two months. Such recurrent events suggest that D. lineatus uses the riparian fragment as refuge habitat, highlighting the importance of these environments for bird populations that inhabit fragmented landscapes of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.
Temperate forest bird communities associated with a historic mining impact area: do tailing remnant effects modify their structure?
Authors: Lemus Katia , Villaseñor-Gómez José Fernando , Pineda-Huerta Francisco Roberto , Salgado-Ortiz Javier 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBirds contribute to the stability of ecosystems and represent a tool used to evaluate a variety of anthropogenic impacts. The area known as El Oro-Tlalpujahua Mining District in central Mexico was subjected to significant environmental impacts as a result of ore extraction, including profound habitat transformations, landscape changes, and the accumulation of potentially toxic elements in their tailings (favoring its bioavailability and dispersion). After more than 60 years without extractive activities, there is no knowledge on extant remaining impacts on biological communities. Assuming the presence of negative impacts on birds, we compared the composition and abundance of bird communities in two locations, representing a site without exposure to tailings (S1) and another one with tailings deposition (S2). From June 2014 to June 2015, we recorded 2828 individuals of 108 avian species in 369 point counts (S1= 91, S2= 95). The Chao1 indicator suggested we recorded 96% of the species present. We found a high similarity in the general composition and abundance of bird species between communities (> 85%). However, there were significant differences in the abundances of 18 species (9 of them higher in the control site); these differences might result from differential effects of potentially toxic elements on functional groups (such as feeding guilds), resource availability, as well as other factors not accounted for. Historically, mining activities in the area generated significant changes in the structure and composition of the forest, and disrupted ecological processes. Despite the fact that current conditions appear favorable to the relative stability of the bird community, specific physiological effects on some species of birds sixty years after the cessation of mineral extraction could occur. Further studies on physiological performance and the effects of potentially toxic elements on local birds could unveil unknown effects at the individual level.
Distribution extension of the Spectacled Petrel (Procellaria conspicillata) off the Argentine continental shelf and oceanic adjacent waters
Authors: Hernandez Maximiliano Manuel , Copello Sofía , Borowicz Alexander , Seco-Pon Juan Pablo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Spectacled PetrelProcellaria conspicillatais endemic of the Tristan da Cunha Archipelago, in the South Atlantic Ocean. However, it is scarcely detected in waters off Argentina beyond its traditional distribution along the southwest Atlantic during the breeding season. This study compiles distributional records of Spectacled Petrel for the target area (chiefly between 38°S to 46°S and 23°W to 57°W) obtained in situ, from non-systematic observations at sea, between 2015 and 2018 (totaling 4 trips); and by literature review. Nineteen new sightings of the species are presented. In 46 sightings a total of 65 individuals were recorded chiefly within waters of the Argentine continental shelf (< 200 m) (46%) and oceanic adjacent waters (54%). The bulk of the sightings (95%) were obtained during the species breeding season. In addition, we report the southernmost record of the species in oceanic waters for the southwest Atlantic (46°10′S; 57°06′W).
Novel microsatellites for Cypseloides fumigatus, cross-amplifiable in Streptoprocne zonaris
Authors: Biancalana Renata Neves , do Amaral Fabio Raposo , Biondo Cibele 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBased on microsatellite prospection, we isolated and characterized 21 microsatellite markers for the Sooty Swift (Cypseloides fumigatus) and tested the cross-amplification in the White-collared Swift (Streptoprocne zonaris). Both species are New World species included in the Apodidae family. From these 21, only 13 loci were polymorphic in the Sooty Swift, and their levels of polymorphism were surprisingly low compared to related species. Cross-amplification in the White-collared Swift was successful for 11 loci of the 13 polymorphic found for the Sooty Swift, but seven were monomorphic and four were biallelic. The microsatellites described here could be useful in future genetic population studies for Sooty Swifts and related species.
Polyakov-Mellin bootstrap for AdS loops
Authors: Ghosh Kausik 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We consider holographic CFTs and study their large N expansion. We use Polyakov-Mellin bootstrap to extract the CFT data of all operators, including scalars, till O(1/N4). We add a contact term in Mellin space, which corresponds to an effective ϕ4 theory in AdS and leads to anomalous dimensions for scalars at O(1/N2). Using this we fix O(1/N4) anomalous dimensions for double trace operators finding perfect agreement with [1] (for ∆ϕ = 2). Our approach generalizes this to any dimensions and any value of conformal dimensions of external scalar field. In the second part of the paper, we compute the loop amplitude in AdS which corresponds to non-planar correlators of in CFT. More precisely, using CFT data at O(1/N4) we fix the AdS bubble diagram and the triangle diagram for the general case.
Physical and mechanical properties of Paulownia clone in vitro 112
Authors: Koman Szabolcs , Feher Sandor 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFor the Paulownia Clone in vitro 112 hybrid to be used in the wood industry, it is necessary to know its basic properties. Its air dry density of 231 kg/m3 is nearly 20% lower than that of Paulownia tomentosa. Its average compressive strength is 19.9 MPa, its shear strength is 4.1 MPa, the static modulus of rupture (MOR) is 32.3 MPa, and the modulus of elasticity (MOE) is 3800 MPa. Its volumetric shrinkage is 8.47%, with longitudinal 0.6%, radial 3.2% and tangential 5.0%. The ratio of tangential to radial shrinkage is
very favorable, just 1.6.
Vancomycin-soaked autografts during ACL reconstruction reduce the risk of post-operative infection without affecting return to sport or knee function
Authors: Bohu Yoann , Klouche Shahnaz , Sezer Hasan Basri , Herman Serge , Grimaud Olivier , Gerometta Antoine , Meyer Alain , Lefevre Nicolas 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To compare return to sport and knee function 1 year after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using autografts with and without vancomycin presoaking.

Methods
A case–control study based on a retrospective analysis of prospective data included athletes over the age of 16 operated from 2012 to 2018 for ACL reconstruction. There were two groups of patients due to a change in treatment protocols: Group 1 « without vancomycin » before November 2016 and Group 2 « with vancomycin» after this date. In Group 2, the graft was soaked in a vancomycin solution for 10 min and then fixed into the bone tunnels. The primary evaluation criterion was the return to sport 1 year after surgery. The secondary criteria were various knee scores. The number of patients needed to perform a non-inferiority study was calculated.

Results
1674 patients fulfilled the selection criteria, 1184 in Group 1 and 490 in Group 2. The series included 1112 men and 562 women, mean age 30 ± 9.7 years, 68 professional athletes, 674 competitive athletes and 932 recreational athletes. While seven patients presented with post-operative septic arthritis in Group 1, this complication was not found in Group 2. No significant difference was identified in the return to running between the two groups 1 year after surgery (75.9% vs. 76.1%, n.s.). Significantly more of the patients in Group 2 returned to their preinjury sport (p = 0.04). Knee function was comparable between the groups.

Conclusion
Vancomycin-soaked grafts during ACL reconstruction reduce the risk of post-operative infection of the knee without affecting the return to sport or knee function.

Level of evidence
III.

Trial registration
https://clinicaltrials.gov/, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02511158
A new hybrid method to improve the ultra-short-term prediction of LOD
Authors: Modiri Sadegh , Belda Santiago , Hoseini Mostafa , Heinkelmann Robert , Ferrándiz José M. , Schuh Harald 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAccurate, short-term predictions of Earth orientation parameters (EOP) are needed for many real-time applications including precise tracking and navigation of interplanetary spacecraft, climate forecasting, and disaster prevention. Out of the EOP, the LOD (length of day), which represents the changes in the Earth’s rotation rate, is the most challenging to predict since it is largely affected by the torques associated with changes in atmospheric circulation. In this study, the combination of Copula-based analysis and singular spectrum analysis (SSA) method is introduced to improve the accuracy of the forecasted LOD. The procedure operates as follows: First, we derive the dependence structure between LOD and the Z component of the effective angular momentum (EAM) arising from atmospheric, hydrologic, and oceanic origins (AAM + HAM + OAM). Based on the fitted theoretical Copula, we then simulate LOD from the Z component of EAM data. Next, the difference between LOD time series and its Copula-based estimation is modeled using SSA. Multiple sets of short-term LOD prediction have been done based on the IERS 05 C04 time series to assess the capability of our hybrid model. The results illustrate that the proposed method can efficiently predict LOD.
On the edge of the stable range
Authors: Hepworth Richard 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe prove a general homological stability theorem for certain families of groups equipped with product maps, followed by two theorems of a new kind that give information about the last two homology groups outside the stable range. (These last two unstable groups are the ‘edge’ in our title.) Applying our results to automorphism groups of free groups yields a new proof of homological stability with an improved stable range, a description of the last unstable group up to a single ambiguity, and a lower bound on the rank of the penultimate unstable group. We give similar applications to the general linear groups of the integers and of the field of order 2, this time recovering the known stability range. The results can also be applied to general linear groups of arbitrary principal ideal domains, symmetric groups, and braid groups. Our methods require us to use field coefficients throughout.
Mechanistic Insights into Protein Stability and Self-aggregation in GLUT1 Genetic Variants Causing GLUT1-Deficiency Syndrome
Authors: Raja Mobeen , Kinne Rolf K. H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHuman sodium-independent glucose cotransporter 1 (hGLUT1) has been studied for its tetramerization and multimerization at the cell surface. Homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in hGLUT1 elicit GLUT1-deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS), a metabolic disorder, which results in impaired glucose transport into the brain. The reduced cell surface expression or loss of function have been shown for some GLUT1 mutants. However, the mechanism by which deleterious mutations affect protein structure, conformational stability and GLUT1 oligomerization is not known and require investigation. In this review, we combined previous knowledge of GLUT1 mutations with hGLUT1 crystal structure to analyze native interactions and several natural single-point mutations. The modeling of native hGLUT1 structure confirmed the roles of native residues in forming a range of side-chain interactions. Interestingly, the modeled mutants pointed to the formation of a variety of non-native novel interactions, altering interaction networks and potentially eliciting protein misfolding. Self-aggregation of the last part of hGLUT1 was predicted using protein aggregation prediction tool. Furthermore, an increase in aggregation potential in the aggregation-prone regions was estimated for several mutants suggesting increased aggregation of misfolded protein. Protein stability change analysis predicted that GLUT1 mutant proteins are unstable. Combining GLUT1 oligomerization behavior with our modeling, aggregation prediction, and protein stability analyses, this work provides state-of-the-art view of GLUT1 genetic mutations that could destabilize native interactions, generate novel interactions, trigger protein misfolding, and enhance protein aggregation in a disease state.
The most predictable patterns and prediction skills of subseasonal prediction of rainfall over the Indo-Pacific regions by the NCEP Climate Forecast System
Authors: Dong Shaorou , Yang Song , Yan Xin , Zhang Tuantuan , Feng Yerong , Hu Peng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe most predictable patterns and prediction skills of subseasonal rainfall prediction for the Indo-Pacific regions are investigated using the daily hindcast product of the NCEP Climate Forecast System version 2. A maximum signal-to-noise empirical orthogonal function analysis indicates that on 30–60-day time scale the most predictable patterns exhibit a zonal dipole over the tropical Indian Ocean and the surrounding oceanic areas of the Maritime Continent in boreal winter and spring, associated with the eastward propagation of the Madden–Julian Oscillation. Differently, the most predictable patterns in boreal summer and autumn present a meridional dipole between a tropical belt (from the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the South China Sea to the western Pacific) and an equatorial belt (from the equatorial Indian Ocean to the equatorial Maritime Continent), related to the northward propagation of intraseasonal oscillation. Both the 30–60-day and 10–20-day patterns can be predicted at lead times around one half of their respective longest life cycles, with worst skills in summer. For the winter–spring 30–60-day patterns, the atmospheric drive on oceans plays an important role, and the corresponding winds at both upper and lower levels are consistent with the Gill response, suggesting the importance of the evaporation-wind feedback mechanism. During summer–autumn, cold sea surface temperature anomalies cause a change in land-sea thermal contrast, which is important for monsoon variations.
Walker circulation controls ENSO atmospheric feedbacks in uncoupled and coupled climate model simulations
Authors: Bayr Tobias , Dommenget Dietmar , Latif Mojib 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMany climate models strongly underestimate the two most important atmospheric feedbacks operating in El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the positive (amplifying) zonal surface wind feedback and negative (damping) surface-heat flux feedback (hereafter ENSO atmospheric feedbacks, EAF). This hampers a realistic representation of ENSO dynamics in these models. Here we show that the atmospheric components of climate models participating in the 5th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) when forced by observed sea surface temperatures (SST), already underestimate EAF on average by 23%, but less than their coupled counterparts (on average by 54%). There is a pronounced tendency of atmosphere models to simulate stronger EAF, when they exhibit a stronger mean deep convection and enhanced cloud cover over the western equatorial Pacific (WEP), indicative of a stronger rising branch of the Pacific Walker Circulation (PWC). Further, differences in the mean deep convection over the WEP between the coupled and uncoupled models explain a large part of the differences in EAF, with the deep convection in the coupled models strongly depending on the equatorial Pacific SST bias. Experiments with a single atmosphere model support the relation between the equatorial Pacific atmospheric mean state, the SST bias and the EAF. An implemented cold SST bias in the observed SST forcing weakens deep convection and reduces cloud cover in the rising branch of the PWC, causing weaker EAF. A warm SST bias has the opposite effect. Our results elucidate how biases in the mean state of the PWC and equatorial SST hamper a realistic simulation of the EAF.
Muscle protein breakdown is impaired during immobilization compared to during a subsequent retraining period in older men: no effect of anti-inflammatory medication
Authors: Dideriksen K. , Reitelseder S. , Agergaard J. , Boesen A. P. , Aas S. N. , Raastad T. , Holm Lars 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMuscle inactivity reduces muscle protein synthesis (MPS), whereas a subsequent period of rehabilitation resistance training (retraining) increases MPS. However, less is known regarding muscle protein breakdown (MPB) during such conditions. Furthermore, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may have a dampening effect on MPB during periods of inactivity in older individuals. Thus, we measured the average MPB, by use of the deuterated water methodology, during an immobilization period and a subsequent retraining period in older individuals with and without NSAID treatment. Eighteen men (60–80 years: range) were randomly assigned to ibuprofen (1200 mg/d, Ibu) or placebo (Plc). One lower limb was immobilized in a cast for 2 weeks and retrained for 2 weeks, and 2 × 20 g of whey protein was ingested daily during both periods. Besides MPB, the protein expression of different muscle degradation signaling molecules was investigated. MPB was lower during immobilization compared to retraining (p < 0.01). NSAID treatment did not affect the MPB rate during immobilization or retraining (p > 0.05). The protein expression of muscle degradation signaling molecules changed during the study intervention but were unaffected by NSAID treatment. The finding that MPB was lower during immobilization than during retraining indicates that an increased MPB may play an important role in the muscle protein remodeling processes taking place within the initial retraining period. Moreover, NSAID treatment did not significantly influence the MPB rate during 2 weeks of lower limb immobilization or during 2 weeks of subsequent retraining in older individuals.
New solutions to capture and enrich bacteria from complex samples
Authors: Sande Maria G. , Çaykara Tugçe , Silva Carla Joana , Rodrigues Ligia R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCurrent solutions to diagnose bacterial infections though reliable are often time-consuming, laborious and need a specific laboratory setting. There is an unmet need for bedside accurate diagnosis of infectious diseases with a short turnaround time. Moreover, low-cost diagnostics will greatly benefit regions with poor resources. Immunoassays and molecular techniques have been used to develop highly sensitive diagnosis solutions but retaining many of the abovementioned limitations. The detection of bacteria in a biological sample can be enhanced by a previous step of capture and enrichment. This will ease the following process enabling a more sensitive detection and increasing the possibility of a conclusive identification in the downstream diagnosis. This review explores the latest developments regarding the initial steps of capture and enrichment of bacteria from complex samples with the ultimate goal of designing low cost and reliable diagnostics for bacterial infections. Some solutions use specific ligands tethered to magnetic constructs for separation under magnetic fields, microfluidic platforms and engineered nano-patterned surfaces to trap bacteria. Bulk acoustics, advection and nano-filters comprise some of the most innovative solutions for bacteria enrichment.