bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cryogenic C-band wavelength division multiplexing system using an AIM Photonics Foundry process design kit
Authors: Fard Erfan M. , Long Christopher M. , Lentine Anthony L. , Norwood Robert A. 
Published: October 2020

Cryogenic environments make superconducting computing possible by reducing thermal noise, electrical resistance and heat dissipation. Heat generated by the electronics and thermal conductivity of electrical transmission lines to the outside world constitute two main sources of thermal load in such systems. As a result, higher data rates require additional transmission lines which come at an increasingly higher cooling power cost. Hybrid or monolithic integration of silicon photonics with the electronics can be the key to higher data rates and lower power costs in these systems. We present a 4-channel wavelength division multiplexing photonic integrated circuit (PIC) built from modulators in the AIM Photonics process development kit (PDK) that operate at 25 Gbps at room temperature and 10 Gbps at 40 K. We further demonstrate 2-channel operation for 20 Gbps aggregate data rate at 40 K using two different modulators/wavelengths, with the potential for higher aggregate bit rates by utilizing additional channels.
A Novel Equation for Quality in Education?
Authors: Chamas Mohamad , Polonik Irina 
Published: October 2020

Nowadays educational organizations are facing an increasing dependence of university budgets on the financial market and the application of new financial instruments so that the financial department has become the most powerful, especially in the university. Following Ginsberg [1] and Engelen et al [2], we can speak of a trend toward a kind of financialization of the university Universities have been increasingly concerned to demonstrate their contribution to the economic performance of their local and national economies. Worldwide, a big part of educational organizations is doing a major effort by examining students' services and creating student-friendly approaches that far exceed customer service. This trend is nominated ‘the art of capturing audiences and entertaining them' following Arum and Roksa [3]. In this study, the authors aim to find out if factors related to industrialization and innovation can influence the quality of educational organizations, and if yes what is the equation that links all these factors. A questionnaire was administered to students, teachers, and guardians. Responses were analyzed using the linear regression model. Based on the statistical analysis, the authors create an innovative scientific equation that links all the significant factors that could affect the quality of educational services. This equation could be used by educational organizations to assess their quality level.
FACTORS AFFECTING INTEGRATION OF RESETTLED PERSONS: A CASE OF RONGAI LOCATION NAKURU COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: MUCHERU ELIZABETH WACHU , MURENGA HADIJA , Mwangi Samson Wokabi 
Published: October 2020

This study sought to investigate factors that affected integration between resettled persons and the host community in Rongai Location, Nakuru County, Kenya. The study employed purposive and stratified random sampling in selecting the sample size of 196 respondents. The study was guided by the Acculturation model which explains the conditions that need to be embraced by the host and resettled persons for effective community integration and participation in socio-economic livelihoods. The study employed a Survey Design and data was collected through interview schedules. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. According to the study, resource sharing, community trust, utilization of collective action, and dispute resolution mechanisms were all cited as important factors that could affect integration between the Host and the Resettled Persons. The study found that minimal resource sharing, low community trust, low utilization of collective action and adoption of divisive dispute resolution mechanisms all pointed to low integration between Resettled Persons and Host community. The study recommends for involvement of the hosting communities in decision making concerning resettlement and resource allocation for Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in the resettlement process. The study also recommends the application of legal framework in resettlement and reintegration. This includes using the guidelines provided for in the Kenya’s National Policy on the Prevention of Internal Displacement, Protection and Assistance to Internally Displaced Persons of August 2011 and The UN Guiding Principles on Reintegration (UGPR).
The Role of Shadow Teacher in Improving Autistic Students Ability in Learning
Authors: Al Sabatin Ibrahim Mahmoud 
Published: October 2020

Shadow teaching is a professional service offered to the school and family to better manage the needs of students who have a learning difference. Shadow teachers are employed by the parents to work with their child at school. This study tries to answer the following questions: what is the role of the shadow teacher in the classroom? To what extent do shadow teacher help in improving students' ability in learning? What are the key elements for successful shadow teaching? To achieve the purpose of the study, the researcher prepared a questionnaire concerning the questions of the study and observed the shadow teacher's performance in the class room in the American Academy Nablus. Means, standard deviations and percentages were calculated by using SPSS program. The present study revealed the following results: Shadow teacher plays an important role in providing additional support, throughout the school day, academically and psychologically, to those students enrolled in the Optimal Learning (OL) program that need this additional support. In the light of the present study, the researcher recommended providing Palestinian schools with shadow teachers to help students with special need.
Awareness creation as a strategy to reducing the rate of teenage pregnancy in Lira District
Authors: Akullo Pamella Stella , Akena Patrick Rolex , Mwesigwa David 
Published: October 2020

Teenage pregnancy is a serious public health and social problem, with 95%% occurring in developing countries. This study aimed to seek explain how awareness creation can be used to reduce the rate of teenage pregnancies in Lira district. A descriptive survey design was used and the study population was teenage girls. Data was collected using a document review guide since only secondary data was used in this study because of the short time. Secondary data got from plan Uganda Results indicates a drop in teenage pregnancy in five sub-counties in Lira District. It was further found established that the use of mass media and community dialogue helps in reducing the risk of teenage pregnancy by influencing behaviour towards contraceptive use, acquainting teenagers with knowledge of pregnancy prevention, creating a positive social environment. Radio programs and newspapers releases like straight talk and rock point 256 are among the mass media programs used to create awareness about teenage pregnancy. Alternatives of to reducing teenage pregnancy were are birth control, use of modern contraceptives, awareness about birth control, keeping teenagers in school, and positive religious beliefs have also been found as a major factor. Interventions focusing on retaining pregnant and married girls at in school, information on sexual and reproductive health of teenage girls, improving access to and information about contraceptive use among teenage girls, improving socio-economic status of households, and law enforcement on sexual abuse among girls may should be used to improving improve adolescent sexual and health services in Lira District.
Key words:
Problems of Communicating Through the English Language in Tanzanian Universities
Authors: Shumbusho George N. 
Published: October 2020

The paper begins with a brief overview of authors who have researched the problems caused by the English language when used as the Medium of Teaching and Learning in a context where it is not spoken as the first language. The paper agrees with authors’ findings and conclusions that indeed the English problems as the Medium of Teaching and Learning in Tanzania tertiary institutions and universities have increasingly become glaring and insurmountable under the prevailing curriculum of these institutions whereby grammar is not infused in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) syllabi of these institutions or universities. To testify the preceding allegation, the paper presents ample examples of bad English from various students’ writing from three universities in Tanzania. Three recommendations to alleviate the problem have been suggested. First, the infusion of grammar aspect into EAP syllabi; second, universities to have an adequate number of EAP lectures to cater for the needs of all students; third, students be encourage to read various books and academic journals to enable them to acquire a variety of genres and academic registers. On switching the Medium of Teaching and Learning from English to Kiswahili, the Tanzanian government should take a bold decision to switch now, otherwise it will never happen.
Verification of a classification prediction method for the development of musical expression in early childhood using a machine learning method based on 3D motion capture data
Authors: Sano Mina 
Published: October 2020

It is widely acknowledged that children take developmental steps in performing musical expression through body movement dynamics. The author presents an approach to verify the method of classification prediction by machine learning using multiple classifiers to evaluate and classify the developmental degree of musical expressions in early childhood. The author addresses this potential solution by showing statistical analysis of full-body 3D motion captured data using such statistical analysis, and applies machine learning measures to predict developmental degrees of musical expression.
In 2016, the author extracted the feature quantities of movement based on the results of the movement analysis of the musical expressions in the MEB program regarding 3-year-old, 4-year-old, and 5-year-old children (n=76). The developmental degree of musical expression was classified into three stages based on video analysis of the musical expression of each child. The 2016 training data as the feature quantity of movement (factors) and the three-stage evaluation (categorical dependent variables) were used as the model training for machine learning. Based on the results in 2017 with 2018, the classification model training results were applied to the acquired data (n=87) in 2019.
The result of sensitivity analysis showed that the moving average acceleration of pelvis, the moving distance of right foot and the moving distance of right hand had a strong influence on the development of musical expression in early childhood. From those analysis results, the appropriateness of the machine learning method using decision trees for classifying the developmental degree of musical expression in early childhood was verified.
Exploration Of Staff Incentives And Strategy Implementation In Commercial Banks In Kenya
Authors: Mkandawire Nathan Chizotera , Senaji Thomas Anyanje , Kirimi Eunice Karegi 
Published: October 2020

Though elegant strategies are formulated by organisations, their successful implementation continues to be elusive. Empirical literature suggests that failure of strategy at implementation state is due to factors such as management competence, leadership and resources. However, little attention has been directed to the relationship between incentives, specifically staff incentives such as pay, oversight, meaningfulness of work, employee growth as well as job security and strategy implementation. In this this exploratory study, we examined the perception of staff incentives and their relationship with implementation of financial inclusion strategy in commercial banks in Kenya using a quantitative survey of 42 respondents drawn from commercial banks in Kenya. Financial inclusion strategies are defined as roadmaps of agreed actions at the national or regional level, which stakeholders chart and pursue to accomplish financial inclusion objectives. The study’s target population was operational managers selected from each bank randomly. We found that staff incentives provided to bank employees ranged from being unsatisfactory to moderately satisfactory and that financial inclusion strategy implementation was also moderately successful in the banks. It was also found that oversight and job security had a linear relationship with financial inclusion strategy implementation (oversight: r = 0.336, p = 0.029; job security: r = 0.685, p < 0.001). Further, the pay negatively affected the probability for successful implementation of financial inclusion strategy – it reduces the likelihood by 50% (exp (B) = 0.53) while job security increased the chances for successful implementation of financial inclusion strategy by a factor of 2 (exp (B) =1.883). In conclusion, based on these preliminary findings banks should consider and improve their pay because it was found to negatively affect the likelihood of successful implementation of financial inclusion strategy. Secondly, since job security was found to increase the probability of successful implementation of financial inclusion strategy management of banks should strive to ensure job security to enable them implement the financial inclusion strategy hence improve the financial performance of the banks. Consequently, the managers should improve on the incentives that were rated as unsatisfactory or low by the employees
Mitigating Disruption in Production Networks through Dynamic Scheduling Enabled by Integrated Enterprise Data
Authors: Sprock Timothy , Brundage Michael P. , Bernstein William Z. , Sexton Thurston , Sharp Michael 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The coronavirus disease pandemic has caused unprecedented disruptions for manufacturers and supply chains. To respond to these disruptions and potential future disturbances, manufacturers need to be resilient and adapt their production systems to fluctuating production demands. Sudden and large-scale changes in production needs may be best addressed quickly by leveraging multiple smaller existing work units with diverse capabilities and capacities. These facilities frequently produce enormous amounts of data of varying types from various sources and software systems. Manufacturers can more effectively respond to disruptions by deploying dynamic decision-making tools, such as scheduling, that leverage this heterogeneous data. There are many outstanding challenges to quickly and correctly integrating and curating heterogeneous data sources and extracting knowledge from the resulting data sets. This note lays out the challenge, identifies common use cases that can serve as test cases, and describes qualities of good solutions to this problem.
Day of Illness and Outcomes in Bronchiolitis Hospitalizations
Authors: Schroeder Alan R. , Destino Lauren A. , Ip Wui , Vukin Elizabeth , Brooks Rona , Stoddard Greg , Coon Eric R. 
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND:
Bronchiolitis is often described to follow an expected clinical trajectory, with a peak in severity between days 3 and 5. This predicted trajectory may influence anticipatory guidance and clinical decision-making. We aimed to determine the association between day of illness at admission and outcomes, including hospital length of stay, receipt of positive-pressure ventilation, and total cough duration.

METHODS:
We compiled data from 2 multicenter prospective studies involving bronchiolitis hospitalizations in patients &lt;2 years. Patients were excluded for complex conditions. We assessed total cough duration via weekly postdischarge phone calls. We used mixed-effects multivariable regression models to test associations between day of illness and outcomes, with adjustment for age, sex, insurance (government versus nongovernment), race, and ethnicity.

RESULTS:
The median (interquartile range) day of illness at admission for 746 patients was 4 (2–5) days. Day of illness at admission was not associated with length of stay (coefficient 0.01 days, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.05 to 0.08 days), positive-pressure ventilation (adjusted odds ratio: 1.0, 95% CI: 0.9 to 1.1), or total cough duration (coefficient 0.33 days, 95% CI: −0.01 to 0.67 days). Additionally, there was no significant difference in day of illness at discharge in readmitted versus nonreadmitted patients (5.9 vs 6.4 days, P = .54). The median cough duration postdischarge was 6 days, with 65 (14.3%) patients experiencing cough for 14+ days.

CONCLUSIONS:
We found no associations between day of illness at admission and outcomes in bronchiolitis hospitalizations. Practitioners should exercise caution when making clinical decisions or providing anticipatory guidance based on symptom duration.
Digitális kompetencia a felsőfokú végzettségűek körében
Authors: Czeglédi Csilla , Juhász Tímea 
Published: October 2020

Absztrakt:
Napjainkban a munkaerőpiac egyre magasabb szintű digitális kompetenciával
rendelkező munkavállalókat igényel. A piac igényei konkrétak, de kérdés, hogy a
leendő munkavállalók vagy a munkaerőpiacon már aktívan jelen lévők mennyiben
tudják teljesíteni ezt a követelményt. A felsőfokú végzettséggel rendelkezők
körében 2019-ben felvett online kérdőíves felmérésünkben arra kerestük a
választ, hogy a válaszadók munkahelyükön és otthon miként használják a kor
digitális eszközeit, és miként értékelik a saját digitális kompetenciájukat. Az
eredmények azt mutatták, hogy a diplomások magas szintű digitális kompetenciával
rendelkeznek és képesek ezeket az ismereteket otthon és a munkahelyen is
alkalmazni.
Liderazgo laissez faire
Authors: Pacsi Choque Ana Yohanna , Mejía Wendy Estrada , Pérez Vásquez Anel , Cruz Machaca Pamela 
Published: October 2020

El liderazgo es la dirección ejercida por el líder, influenciando a los seguidores. El líder es atribuido mediante cualidades a través de rasgos, habilidades y conocimientos. Existen muchos estilos de liderazgo, pero los más destacados son el autocrático, democrático y laissez faire. El liderazgo laissez faire es definido como un no liderazgo, ya que generalmente es inefectivo debido a la falta de compromiso por parte del líder cuyas características principales son el desinterés y la ausencia de apoyo a sus seguidores, limitándose solo al resultado de las actividades. Los efectos de este estilo de liderazgo influyen negativamente en el desempeño de los subordinados, obteniendo bajos resultados. Las diferencias entre el estilo transaccional y el estilo laissez faire radican básicamente el desempeño eficaz de los subordinados como resultado del nivel de apoyo otorgado por los líderes. Las diferencias entre el estilo transformacional y el estilo laissez faire radican en la participación conjunta entre líder y el subordinado mediante la motivación, comunicación, confianza, apoyo y la supervisión.
Estilos de aprendizaje y rendimiento académico en estudiantes de la Escuela Profesional de Administración de la Universidad Peruana Unión, 2014
Authors: Cachay Salcedo Silvia Mabel 
Published: October 2020

Conocer los estilos de aprendizaje facilita a los profesores adecuar la ayuda pedagógica a las necesidades intelectuales, afectivas y so- ciales de sus estudiantes, lo que se reflejará en un mejoramiento en cuanto al autodiagnóstico, control y regulación del proceso de aprendizaje del alumno. La presente investigación aborda la relación entre los estilos de aprendizaje y el rendimiento académico en los estudiantes de la Escuela Profesional de Admnitración de la UPeU. Participaron en el estudio 146 estudiantes con matrícula regular en el semestre académico 2014-II. La presente investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental de tipo correlacional. Para medir los estilos de aprendizaje se aplicó el Cuestionario Honey- Alonso de Estilos de Aprendizaje CHAEA, el cual consta de 80 pre- guntas, adicionalmente se aplicó el cuestionario sobre rendimiento académico, elaborado por el investigador encontrándose que existe dependencia entre las cuatro dimensiones de la variable predicto- ra y las siete dimensiones de la variable criterio. Se encontró que el valor de coeficiente de correlación que existe entre la variable predictora estilos de aprendizaje y la variable criterio rendimiento académico es de 50,3; indicando que existe una correlación positiva significativa. Por lo tanto, es necesario tomar en cuenta los estilos de aprendizaje al momento de implementar las metodologías con la finalidad de lograr un aprendizaje significativo.
Estilo de dirección en una universidad del Perú desde la perspectiva de la Teoría “X” y “Y” de Douglas McGregor
Authors: Herrera Luis , Murillo Antón Walter 
Published: October 2020

El propósito de este artículo es analizar desde la perspectiva de la teoría “X” y “Y” de Douglas McGregor, el estilo de dirección de la Universidad Peruana Unión. Gracias al diseño descriptivo exploratorio no experimental, se realizó una muestra censal compuesta por 33 mandos administrativos y 31 mandos operativos de la Universidad Peruana Unión. El instrumento utilizado fue el de Espinoza que consta de 10 pares de afirmaciones. Entre los resultados, se encontró que en ninguno de los dos grupos existe preferencia alguna por el estilo de dirección o teoría “X”. Asimismo, se observaron tantas preferencias por una postura intermedia, como también del estilo de dirección o teoría Y con diferencias significativas entre los mandos administrativos y mandos operativos. Destaca el hecho que el mayor número de personas con formación técnica prefiere una postura intermedia, mientras que el mayor número de personas con nivel de posgrado prefiere el estilo de dirección o teoría “Y”.
Estructura financiera y rentabilidad: origen, teorías y definiciones
Authors: Contreras Salluca Noelia Patricia , Díaz Correa Edith Dámaris 
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo de revisión es esbozar un breve trata- miento teórico sobre la estructura financiera y la rentabilidad. La estructura de financiera se fundamenta en el financiamiento en con- trapartida con los activos, por ende, tiene su origen en la partida doble. El primer trabajo impreso sobre la partida doble fue por Lu- cas Pacioli, sin embargo fue escrita, por primera vez, por Benedetto Cotrugli. Para la estructura de capital las teorías presentadas son Trade Off y Pecking Order. El Trade Off o teoría estática, afirma que la estructura óptima de capital se define por el valor de la firma, mientras que el Pecking Order, llamado jerarquía de preferencia, asume que no existe una estructura óptima de capital. La estructura financiera puede ser conceptualizada como la combinación de re- cursos mediante un proceso de relación, siendo estos recursos pro- pios y ajenos. El financiamiento interno refiere a recursos propios de la empresa originados por las operaciones de la empresa, mientras que el financiamiento externo alude a los recursos externos a corto o largo plazo. Por otro lado, la rentabilidad es el retorno de la inver- sión también conocida como utilidad. Se considera la rentabilidad económica como la utilidad medida en relación a los activos y la rentabilidad financiera como la medida de la utilidad con respecto al patrimonio.