bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Site-Selective Binary Alloy Nanoparticles Deposition on TiO2 Nanorod for Acetic Acid Oxidative Decomposition Under UV-Vis Irradiation
Authors: Tanabe Toyokazu , Miyazawa Wataru , Gunji Takao , Hashimoto Masanari , Kaneko Shingo , Ohsaka Takeo , Matsumoto Futoshi 
Published: February 2020

Alloy nanoparticles (NPs) loaded TiO2 photocatalysts have attracted considerable attention in recent years as a promoter of highly active photocatalysts under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation [1]. Many synthetic techniques have been utilized in preparation of binary alloy NPs loaded TiO2. However, control of deposition site for alloy NPs on TiO2 is one of a challenging theme in TiO2 study. Herein, we present that site-selective Pt-Pb NPs deposition on rutile TiO2 nanorod by successive reduction of metal ions, photo-reduction of Pt4+ and followed by microwave assisted polyol reduction of Pb2+ (2-step method). The Pt-Pb NPs were site-selectively deposited on the reduction site on (110) surface of the rutile TiO2 nanorod. The photocatalytic activity of rutile TiO2 was significantly enhanced after Pt-Pb NPs loading for oxidative decomposition of AcOH in aqueous phase as shown in following figure. The AcOH was completely oxide to CO2 and the CO2 evolution of the site-selectively Pt-Pb NPs deposited TiO2 was nearly six times higher than that of a bare rutile TiO2 and three times higher than randomly Pt-Pb NPs deposited TiO2. The well mating of the reduction reaction site on photocatalyst, TiO2, and deposition site for co-catalyst, Pt-Pb NPs, induces efficient electron injection from photocatalyst TiO2 to co-catalyst Pt-Pb NPs, promoting oxygen reduction reaction, reduction process of AcOH oxidative decomposition. The accelerated electron consumption in reduction process leads to smooth oxidative decomposition of AcOH at oxidation site. These findings suggest that the site-selective deposition of alloy NPs is a predominant way to bring out catalytic performance of co-catalyst alloy NPs on TiO2.
[1] T. Gunji, A. J. Jeevagan, M. Hashimoto, T. Nozawa, T. Tanabe, S. Kaneko, M. Miyauchi, F. Matsumoto, Appl. Catal B 181 (2016) 475-480.

Figure 1
Understanding Magnesiation Mechanism and Cation Dynamics in Transition Metal Oxides for Magnesium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Key Baris , Vaughey John T. , Wang Hao , Sa Niya , Incorvati Jared T , Bayliss Ryan D , Cabana Jordi , Poeppelmeier Kenneth , Burrell Anthony K. 
Published: February 2020

Elucidation of positive chemical and electrochemical magnesiation and favorable cation dynamics has been an ongoing challenge in rechargeable multivalent-ion battery materials. The lack of experimental methodologies to study favorable cation dynamics and positive intercalation in multivalent-ion batteries limits both theoretical approaches to confirm materials of interest and experimental materials screening processes. Despite major methodological challenges working with multivalent-ion nuclei (M= 25Mg, 67Zn, 43Ca etc.) with solid state NMR spectroscopy (one of the few methods that can directly probe cation dynamics in solids), an experimental approach to study favorable and non-favorable ion dynamics in bulk MgMn2O4 has been developed. Although the findings that will be reporting are orders of magnitude slower than Li-ion battery cathode analogs the results are in some agreement with theoretical predictions (for ex. ~200-300 meV difference predicted between Li+ and Mg+2 in Mn-spinels) and experimentally show, for the first time, favorable and controllable structure-activity relationships in high voltage multivalent-ion battery materials. Furthermore, distinct differences in magnesiation mechanisms are observed with spectroscopic methods for alpha-V2O5 and xerogel-V2O5, former involving only protonic activity and the latter via a magnesium/solvent co-intercalation1,2. This mechanism will be compared with the traditional intercalation mechanism observed for MoO2.8F0.2.
3

References:
1. Niya Sa et al. “Is alpha-V2O5 a Cathode Material for Magnesium Insertion Batteries”, submitted, Journal of Power Sources, 2016
2. Niya Sa, Tiffany L Kinnibrugh, Hao Wang, Gopalakrishnan Sai Gautam, Karena W Chapman, John T. Vaughey, Baris Key, Timothy T. Fister, John W Freeland, Danielle L. Proffit, Peter J. Chupas, Gerbrand Ceder, Javier G. Bareno, Ira D. Bloom, and Anthony K Burrell “Structural Evolution of Reversible Mg Insertion into a Bilayer Structure of V2O5·nH2O Xerogel Material” Chemistry of Materials, Just Accepted, 2016
3. Jared T Incorvati, Liwen F Wan, Baris Key, Dehua Zhou, Chen Liao, Lindsay Fuoco, Michael Holland, Hao Wang, David Prendergast, Kenneth R Poeppelmeier, John T Vaughey “Reversible Magnesium Intercalation into a Layered Oxyfluoride Cathode” Chemistry of Materials 2016, 28 (1), 17–20
Computational Modelling Studies on Stability of Li-S-Se System
Authors: Ngoepe Phuti Esrom , Masedi Cliffton , Sithole Happy 
Published: February 2020

Recent rechargeable batteries are mainly based on conventional lithium intercalation chemistry, using lithium transition metal oxides as cathode material with typical capacities of 120-160 mA.h/g [1]. The low energy density and/ or high cost of these cathode materials have limited their large scale production and application in Li ion batteries. Exploration of new cathode materials is consequently necessary to realise more efficient energy storage systems. Lithium sulphur cells have a promise of providing 2-5 times the energy density of Li-ion cells, however, they suffer poor cycling performance [2]. Improvements that are effected by using Li/SeSxsystem in different electrolytes have been reported [3].
In the current study we employ computational modelling methods to explore stability, structural and electronic properties of discharge products formed in the Li/SeSx battery, which has potential to offer higher theoretical specific energy and remedies the challenges that Li-S battery encounters. First principle methods were used to calculate thermodynamic properties of Li2S and Li2Se, which agreed with available experimental results. A cluster expansion technique [4] generated new stable phases of Li/SSex system and Monte Carlo simulations determined concentration and temperature ranges in which the systems mix. Interatomic Born Meyer potential models for Li2S and Li2Se were derived and validated and used to explore high temperature structural and transport properties of mixed systems.
[1] M.S. Whittingham, Chem. Rev. (2004), 104, 4271
[2] B. Zhang, X. Qin, G.R. Li and X.P. Gao, Energy Environ. Sci., (2010) 3,1531
[3] Y. Cui, A. Abouimrane, J. Lu, T. Bolin, Y. Ren, W. Weng, C. sun, V.A. Maroni, S.M. Heald and K. Amine, J. Am. Chem. Soc. (2013), 135, 8047.
[4] D. Lerch, O Wieckhorst, G.L.W. Hart, R.W. Forcade and S. Muller, Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. (2009), 17, 055003.
Synthesis and Characterization of Mg-Doped Na0.6Ni0.3-XMgxTi0.7O2 as Anode Material for Sodium Ion Battery
Authors: Wang Ji Eun , Kim Joo-Hyung , Choi Han-gil , Kwon Hyung-shin , Kim Sung-hwan , Kim Do Kyung 
Published: February 2020

Recently, sodium-ion batteries (SIB) have gained great amount of attention as a next generation rechargeable battery. The lithium-ion batteries (LIB) have been successfully commercialized and widely applied in electronic devices, vehicles, etc. due to its high energy density. Compared to LIB, SIB system is more desirable in view point of cost because the sodium source is more abundant and widely distribution. Similar to LIB, many studies about SIB cathode reported electrode materials with layered structure where Na ion can intercalate and deintercalate during electrochemical reaction. The electrodes with layered structure can also be utilized as anode. Although the theoretical capacity of layered material is generally lower than that of other materials which undergo conversion or alloying reaction, the electrode material with layered structure shows smaller volume change and better structure stability. Among many anode materials, NaxNix/2Ti1-x/2O2 has been reported to have layered structure with low operating voltage (~0.7V vs Na/Na+) and has shown promising performance. In this study, Mg and Ni was co-doped into NaTiO2 in order to study effect of Mg doping on anode performance. The Na0.6Ni0.3-xMgxTi0.7O2 was synthesized by simple solid-state synthesis method while varying Mg amount from x=0.0 to x=0.1. The structure change depending on the amount of Mg dopant was analyzed by high-resolution X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical test were conducted to evaluate its performance.
Octahedron like Antimony Oxide: An Efficient Anode for Rechargeable Sodium Ion Batteries
Authors: Kalubarme Ramchandra S , Park Chan-Jin , Gosavi Suresh W 
Published: February 2020

Rechargeable electrochemistry’s, Li-ion batteries (LIBs) have been greatly considered as one of the most important energy storage devices for portable electronic devices and stationary energy storage, due to their advantages of high energy density, excellent cycling stability and environmental friendliness. However, the low abundance and uneven distribution of lithium resources show the potential difficulties of the long-term and large-scale applications of lithium-ion batteries in terms of their availability and cost. Considering the availability of sodium, the sixth richest element on earth, and similar chemistries of sodium- ionand Li-ion, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) could successfully substitute LIBs in applications such as smart grids and large-scale energy storage.
The major obstacle in realizing NIBs was the absence of suitable negative electrodes. Because, graphite, a commercially well-known anode material for LIBs, cannot be utilized as an insertion host for Na ions due to their large ionic size. Moreover, only few noticeable studies on negative electrode materials, e.g., lead and hard carbon have been found in the past. Metal oxides are considered to be important electrode materials, as they follow a conversion reaction mechanism. However, metal oxides suffer from several problems when used as anode materials which limit their use, such as swelling and shrinking of active material particles upon the insertion and extraction of Li+ or Na+ions, which can induce poor contact between the active materials and the electron conducting agents, leading to low electric and ionic conductivity.
In this study, we report the electrochemical activity of spherical antimony oxide nanostructures for Na-ion batteries, prepared with the simple hydrothermal oxidation of antimony chloride in alkaline condition. The effect of hydrothermal process parameter, like reaction temperature and time on the microstructure, morphology, and electrochemical performance of of the final product was investigated. The single phase Sb2O3 was resulted for the hydrothermal reaction at 140 oC. The field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) image shown in Fig. 1, reveals the octahedron like morphology for antimony oxide. In cell tests, the anodes of Sb2O3 exhibit stable cycling performance and attain capacity of about 675 mAh g-1 on the first charge. The antimony oxide when tested at high current of 5C delivered 282 mAh g-1. Moreover, an excellent cycling stability is also demonstrated maintaining 82 % of the capacity over 200 cycle when tested at 0.2 C. The outstanding life cycle and high-rate capability are the result of the synergistic effect involving the conversion and alloying reactions mechanism, which accelerate the kinetics of the reactions by stabilizing the structure of anode material.

Figure 1 SEM image of antimony oxide prepared by hydrothermal method

Figure 1
Bi2O3-Added Li1.4Al0.4Ti1.6(PO4)3 with Enhanced Li-Ion Conductivity As a Solid Electrolyte for All-Solid-State Battery
Authors: Lee Jong-Won , Jung Kyu-Nam 
Published: February 2020

Lithium-ion battery (LIB) has been one of the most attractive energy sources for mobile devices, energy storage systems and electric vehicles, however, the safety issue is one of the remaining challenges for commercial LIBs. All-solid-state lithium battery with a solid electrolyte has been regarded as alternative technology for LIBs that use organic liquid electrolyte because of likely higher energy density and superior safety. Various solid electrolytes such as polymer, sulfides and oxides have been extensively studied to eliminate the flammable components in LIBs and to achieve the high lithium-ion conductivity required for the practical use [1,2].
Among the oxide-based solid electrolytes, NASICON-type Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3 (LATP) has received much attention due to its fast lithium conduction in the bulk at room temperature up to 1 mS cm-1 as well as its superior mechanical strength and chemical stability. However, the high grain boundary resistance of LATP gives a high total resistivity for the inorganic solid electrolyte, which hinders its application and use in all-solid state batteries. While the sintering process is one of the effective ways to minimize the grain boundary resistance of LATP by densification of oxide ceramics, the sintering temperature should be reduced with maintaining high density and lithium-ion conductivity. Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) is a well-known sintering aid, which can promote densification and lower sintering temperature.
In this work, we present the Bi2O3-added Li1.4Al0.4Ti1.6(PO4)3 as a solid electrolyte for all-solid-state battery. The high purity LATP nano-powders were synthesized by Pechini method and the Bi2O3-added LATP solid electrolytes with high density were fabricated via sintering process at various temperatures of 800 oC - 950 oC. Based on the analyses of structural and electrochemical properties for Bi2O3-added LATP electrolytes, the effects of Bi2O3 addition on the microstructure and the behavior of lithium ion conduction in LATP solid electrolyte were examined. The LATP with Bi2O3 sintered at 850 oC shows the enhanced lithium-ion conductivity (ca. 0.9 mS/cm) compared with that (ca. 0.4 mS/cm) of pristine LATP, which implies that added-Bi2O3 effectively promotes the densification of LATP and reduces the grain boundary resistance. The cycle performances and rate capabilities for the Li half-cells constructed with Bi2O3-added LATP were also compared with those of the cell with pristine LATP.

Reference

[1] P. Knauth, Solid State Ionics, 180 (2009) 911.
[2] J. C. Bachman et al., Chem. Rev, 116 (2016) 140.
Performance and Interface Properties of Vapor-Phase Deposited Electrode and Electrolyte Materials for Conformal Solid State Batteries
Authors: Pearse Alexander J , Gregorczyk Keith , Schmitt Tom , Liu Chanyuan , Kozen Alexander C , Gerasopoulous Konstantinos , Talin A. Alec , El Gabaly Farid , Rubloff Gary W 
Published: February 2020

All-solid-state batteries exhibit distinct advantages over existing liquid-electrolyte lithium-ion cells, including greater chemical and thermal stability, a wider voltage window, and a reduced need for packaging. Thin film solid state batteries, generally made via physical vapor deposition (PVD), are also capable of supporting high power densities due to their short diffusion pathways for transported species and high quality interfaces, but they are generally limited to planar substrates and can only store on the order of 0.1 mAhr/cm2 as a result. One route to dramatically increasing the energy density would be to develop conformal deposition processes for the electrodes and electrolyte, allowing for the deposition of solid state batteries on arbitrary 3D structures, including high aspect-ratio trenches for use in microelectronics, or conductive fabrics for use in energy-storing textiles.
Multiple groups have explored atomic layer deposition (ALD) as a precisely controllable, highly conformal, and relatively low-temperature (≤ 250C) technique for synthesizing thin film battery components. Anodes and cathodes made using ALD have so far been tested almost exclusively in half cells due to the lack of an adequate ALD-grown solid electrolyte, as well as challenges relating to patterning and contacting multiple layers of conformally-deposited materials. Our group previously demonstrated1 atomic layer deposition of the solid electrolyte LiPON, which is the material used currently in PVD-based batteries and exhibits a conductivity of better than 10-6 S/cm. In this presentation, we will discuss the fabrication and testing of true solid state batteries made with ALD-deposited materials. We will present data from operating planar solid-state cells utilizing a mix of ALD and PVD deposited materials, as well as thin film stacks fabricated on both planar and 3D flexible substrates. Electrochemical characterization, secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are utilized to understand the processes occurring within the cells. In particular, we highlight in-situ XPS data demonstrating that undesirable interface reactions during the ALD of battery components present an additional challenge over existing PVD processes, illustrated by the deposition of LiPON on LiCoO2.

1 A.C. Kozen, A.J. Pearse, C. Lin, M. Noked, and G.W. Rubloff, Chem. Mater. 27, 150730080053001 (2015).
Mercury Chemical Sensors Based on Chalcogenide Glasses
Authors: Paraskiva Alla , Milochova Mariana , Khaoulani Sohayb , Bychkov Eugene 
Published: February 2020

Mercury is one of the highly toxic heavy metal cations and its concentration is continuously increasing in the environment due to extensive industrial applications. Mercury species and Hg(II) ions have a serious impact on human health and may cause kidney intoxication, neurological damage, paralysis, chromosome breakage, and birth defects. Consequently, it is important to control mercury levels in natural and potable water. The highest concentration of mercury allowed in drinking water is 1 ppb.
Chalcogenide glasses are promising membrane materials for chemical sensors. We will report R&D work on mercury sensors capable of continuous in situ monitoring of Hg(II) ions in natural and waste waters with a low detection limit of 2 ppb. Figure 1 shows typical sensor response in natural water at neutral pH 7.3 with mercury additions to determine low detection limit of the developed sensors.
Sensor sensitivity, selectivity and stability will be discussed and applications to the analysis of natural and waste waters will be described. In addition, a special attention will be paid to sensor sensitivity mechanism since the sensor response is neither Nernstian nor linear.

Figure 1
Enyzyme-Immobilized Electrode Prepared Using Cellulose Nanofiber
Authors: Yasuzawa Mikito , Mima Daisuke , Fuchiwaki Yusuke , Harada Toshihiko 
Published: February 2020

Various procedures have been proposed for the preparation of enzyme-immobilized electrode, such as covalent attachment, cross-linking, hydrogel entrapment, polymer film entrapment, and the combination of two or more methods.Cellulose is a linear polysaccharide of glucose, which have significant high strength and stability due to strong intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonds within and among individual chains. Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) dispersion solution can be obtained by stripping down water insoluble cellulose fibers using procedures such as wet jet milling. In this study, CNF was applied for the immobilization of enzyme by entrapping it within CNF matrix. Glucose oxidase (GOx) was employed as the enzyme, and GOx-CNF immobilized electrodes were fabricated by simple repetitious drops of cellulose solution containing GOx on the surface of an electrode. The obtained electrode provided a glucose sensor with significantly high response speed and good linear relationship between glucose concentration and response current. Introduction of CNF films on GOx-CNF film successfully reduced the release of GOx from enzyme-immobilized electrode and glucose sensor with good long term stability was obtained.
Development of Film-Based Electrochemical Integrated Microfluidic Chip for Identification of Food-Borne Pathogens
Authors: Shin Sujeong , Lee Tae Jae , Lim Sun Young , Lee Moon Keun , Bae Nam Ho , Jeong Soon Woo , Han So Young , Yang Min Ho , Lee Kyoung G , Yun Seok Oh , Lee Seok Jae 
Published: February 2020

Food safety is a global issue directly related with human life and foodborne diseases take a major crisis on health. In this reason, a reliable and cost-effective device is required as a solution to the prevention and recognition of problems concerned with health and safety. Conventional and standard bacterial detection methods such as culture and colony counting methods, immunology-based methods and polymerase chain reaction based methods, may take up to several hours or even a few days to yield an answer. Obviously this is inadequate, and recently many researchers are focusing towards the progress of rapid methods. Here, a fully integrated electrochemical microfluidic chip was developed for identification of food-poisoning bacteria, consisting of three compartments such as film-based gene amplification, three-dimensional micro mixer for homogeneous mixing, the detection electrodes for obtaining electrochemical signal. Just after loading genomic DNA into a developed microfluidic chip, which is extracted from cells such as Esterichia coli. O157:H7, Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens and Listeria monocytogenes, gene is amplified during PCR procedure in film-based reaction chamber followed by mixing amplified PCR product with electroactive reagent. And then electrochemical signal was produced on electrode surface. If there is no corresponding target pathogen, no electrochemical signal was produced. Furthermore, we can detect one or multiple pathogens at the same time by reason that 5 kinds of foodborne pathogens are amplified in parallel and identify the target pathogens simultaneously. With just one-step including sample injection, identification of different varieties of food-borne pathogens was successfully performed in a microfluidic chip within an hour. Owing to its simplicity and rapidity, the developed microfluidic device holds great promise for identification of several species in facility-limited environment or POCT applications.
The Effect of Metal Oxide Supports on the Activity of Pt-Ru Towards Methanol Electrooxidation
Authors: Tavakoli Bahareh Alsadat , Fuentes Roderick Eliel , Tan Shuai , Williams Christopher , Weidner John W. 
Published: February 2020

Several inexpensive but non-conductive materials (TiO2, CeO2, Al2O3 and SiO2) were chosen as supports for Pt-Ru electrocatalysts used for methanol oxidation. Although the metal oxide supports were found to have low conductivity, they have high surface area and could promote activity towards the desired reaction for heterogeneous catalysis. In order to increase the conductivity and make these electrodes (metal particles + support) suitable for electrochemistry; the metal nanoparticles were deposited onto the supports at loadings of 60 wt% metal. We aimed to determine if these non-conducting oxides could be used as supports for Pt-Ru to oxidize methanol electrochemically, and if the type of oxide affected activity. Using cyclic voltammetry experiments for methanol electrooxidation, it was demonstrated that for some of metal oxide supports, the activity of Pt-Ru towards methanol oxidation was excellent, even surpassing the activity of the same electrocatalysts supported on carbon. The results confirmed that the same loading of Pt-Ru electrocatalysts supported on these different metal oxides can have different activities for methanol electrooxidation. Pt-Ru/SiO2 and Pt-Ru/anatase TiO2 have showed the highest activity and Pt-Ru/anatase TiO2 could be a good candidate also as its activity was the highest after the current was normalized by both the active site of the catalyst and by the mass of platinum metal deposited in the electrode.