bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anomalously warm temperatures are associated with increased injury deaths
Authors: Parks Robbie M. , Bennett James E. , Tamura-Wicks Helen , Kontis Vasilis , Toumi Ralf , Danaei Goodarz , Ezzati Majid 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTemperatures that deviate from the long-term local norm affect human health, and are projected to become more frequent as the global climate changes1. There are limited data on how such anomalies affect deaths from injuries. In the present study, we used data on mortality and temperature over 38 years (1980–2017) in the contiguous USA and formulated a Bayesian spatio-temporal model to quantify how anomalous temperatures, defined as deviations of monthly temperature from the local average monthly temperature over the entire analysis period, affect deaths from unintentional (transport, falls and drownings) and intentional (assault and suicide) injuries, by age group and sex. We found that a 1.5 °C anomalously warm year, as envisioned under the Paris Climate Agreement2, would be associated with an estimated 1,601 (95% credible interval 1,430–1,776) additional injury deaths. Of these additional deaths, 84% would occur in males, mostly in adolescence to middle age. These would comprise increases in deaths from drownings, transport, assault and suicide, offset partly by a decline in deaths from falls in older ages. The findings demonstrate the need for targeted interventions against injuries during periods of anomalously warm temperatures, especially as these episodes are likely to increase with global climate change.
Evaluation of Ozone Removal by Spent Coffee Grounds
Authors: Hsieh Pei-Fu , Wen Tsrong-Yi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractActivated carbon is the most known material used to adsorb ozone. Activating carbonaceous materials by ozonation is commonly used to produce activated carbon, however, requiring sophisticated skills and professional equipment. This paper presents a reversed idea: to adsorb ozone using an unactivated carbonaceous material, coffee. Three powder adsorbents are presented: fresh coffee (unactivated), spent coffee grounds (unactivated), and activated carbon (commercially available). The test is conducted by measuring and comparing the ozone concentration in an ozone-supplied chamber with or without the ozone adsorbent. The results show that, at the specific conditions, the peak ozone concentration is lowered by 38% to 56% when the chamber has the activated carbon. At the same conditions, the peak ozone concentration is lowered by 25% to 43% when the chamber has the coffee powders (either fresh or spent). The elemental analysis demonstrates that the oxygen content after the ozone adsorption increases by 20%, 14.4%, and 34.5% for the fresh coffee, the spent coffee grounds, and the activated carbon, respectively. The characteristic analysis (the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, the thermogravimetric, and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) suggests that the unactivated coffee is not porous, however, contains various organic compounds that could react with and consume ozone.
The phenotypic morphology of human lumbar plexus roots associated with changes in the thoracolumbar vertebral count and trade-off
Authors: Ishiguro Kaho , Kawashima Tomokazu , Sato Fumi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the developmental basis for the human phenotypic morphology of the interaction between the vertebrae and the nerve plexus by evaluating changes in the human lumbar plexus according to various thoracolumbar formulas. The dissection found that the changes in lumbar nerve roots reported by experimental embryology studies to be concomitant with thoracolumbar trade-off, i.e., a change in vertebrae from thoracic to lumbar with no change in the overall thoracolumbar count, were not apparent in humans with the usual 17 or mutant 16 thoracolumbar vertebrae. When vertebral changes in two segments were examined by comparing spines with a reduced thoracolumbar count of 16 to those with an increased count of 18, this tended to show only a single-segment caudal shift of the lumbar plexus. We cannot provide evidence for the phylogenetic difference in the concomitant changes of lumbar nerves and vertebrae, but comparisons between experimental rodents and humans highlighted fewer and shorter lumbar vertebra and more complicated lumbar plexus in humans. Therefore, these multiple differences may contribute to a human phenotypic morphology that is not evident in the concomitant transformation of vertebrae and lumbar nerves reported in experimental rodents.
Automatic Posture and Movement Tracking of Infants with Wearable Movement Sensors
Authors: Airaksinen Manu , Räsänen Okko , Ilén Elina , Häyrinen Taru , Kivi Anna , Marchi Viviana , Gallen Anastasia , Blom Sonja , Varhe Anni , Kaartinen Nico , Haataja Leena , Vanhatalo Sampsa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInfants’ spontaneous and voluntary movements mirror developmental integrity of brain networks since they require coordinated activation of multiple sites in the central nervous system. Accordingly, early detection of infants with atypical motor development holds promise for recognizing those infants who are at risk for a wide range of neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g., cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorders). Previously, novel wearable technology has shown promise for offering efficient, scalable and automated methods for movement assessment in adults. Here, we describe the development of an infant wearable, a multi-sensor smart jumpsuit that allows mobile accelerometer and gyroscope data collection during movements. Using this suit, we first recorded play sessions of 22 typically developing infants of approximately 7 months of age. These data were manually annotated for infant posture and movement based on video recordings of the sessions, and using a novel annotation scheme specifically designed to assess the overall movement pattern of infants in the given age group. A machine learning algorithm, based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) was then trained for automatic detection of posture and movement classes using the data and annotations. Our experiments show that the setup can be used for quantitative tracking of infant movement activities with a human equivalent accuracy, i.e., it meets the human inter-rater agreement levels in infant posture and movement classification. We also quantify the ambiguity of human observers in analyzing infant movements, and propose a method for utilizing this uncertainty for performance improvements in training of the automated classifier. Comparison of different sensor configurations also shows that four-limb recording leads to the best performance in posture and movement classification.
The only complete articulated early Miocene chameleon skull (Rusinga Island, Kenya) suggests an African origin for Madagascar’s endemic chameleons
Authors: Čerňanský Andrej , Herrel Anthony , Kibii Job M. , Anderson Christopher V. , Boistel Renaud , Lehmann Thomas 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe here present the first detailed study of the specimen KNM-RU 18340 from Rusinga Island (Kenya), the only known complete early Miocene chameleon skull, using micro-CT. This specimen represents one of the oldest chameleon fossils ever recovered. For the first time, the skull bone internal surfaces, their sutures, and elements contained inside the rocky matrix are observed. Our morphological comparisons and phylogenetic analyses place this specimen confidently in the genusCalummaand a new species,Calumma benovskyisp. nov., is erected for it. Since all species of this genus are endemic to Madagascar, this fossil uniquely demonstrates the existence ofCalummaon continental Africa in the past. Our results challenge the long-held view that chameleons originated on Madagascar and dispersed over water to Africa, and provide a strong evidence of an African origin for some Malagasy lineages. The Oligocene–early Miocene dispersal to Madagascar, using oceanic currents that favoured eastward dispersal at that time, is a highly supported scenario matching the suggested dispersal of lemurs to this island. This is consistent with a previously suggested hypothesis based on molecular data.
SWAV: a web-based visualization browser for sliding window analysis
Authors: Zhu Zhenglin , Wang Yawang , Zhou Xichuan , Yang Liuqing , Meng Geng , Zhang Ze 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSliding window analysis has been extensively applied in evolutionary biology. With the development of the high-throughput DNA sequencing of organisms at the population level, an application that is dedicated to visualizing population genetic test statistics at the genomic level is needed. We have developed the sliding window analysis viewer (SWAV), which is a web-based program that can be used to integrate, view and browse test statistics and perform genome annotation. In addition to browsing, SAV can mark, generate and customize statistical images and search by sequence alignment, position or gene name. These features facilitate the effectiveness of sliding window analysis. As an example application, yeast and silkworm resequencing data are analyzed with SWAV. The SWAV package, user manual and usage demo are available at http://swav.popgenetics.net.
Pluronic-F127/Platelet Microvesicles nanocomplex delivers stem cells in high doses to the bone marrow and confers post-irradiation survival
Authors: Chander Vikas , Gangenahalli Gurudutta 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPlatelet microvesicles (pMVs) are submicron-sized heterogeneous vesicles released upon activation and contain several membrane receptors and proteins (CD41, CD61, CD62, CXCR4, PAR-1, etc.). We have revealed their ability to adhere to the triblock copolymer pluronic-F127 (PF127) and form a platelet microvesicular nanocloud which has the potential to enhance the transvascular migration of hematopoietic stem cells across the sinusoidal endothelium to the bone marrow. Besides, the pMVs nanoclouds bestow survival benefits when present on the cells used for infusion, particularly with PF127-stabilized with chitosan-alginate (PF127-CA HSCs). The vesicles were found to be firmly associated with PF127 in the nanocloud, which was detected by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The abrogation of CXCR4/SDF-1 axis regulating the transmigration of the cells by antagonist AMD3100 revealed that the enriched CXCR4 receptors on pMVs robustize the transmigration of the infused cells. The homing of the cells led to effective engraftment and faster regeneration of the critical blood lineages, which elicited 100% survival of the mice receiving lethal doses of radiation. The Human Long-Term Culture Initiating Cells (LTC-ICs), Severe Combined Immunodeficient (SCID) - Repopulating Cells (SRCs) and Colony Forming Cells (CFCs) responsible for the regeneration, but present in extremely low numbers in the infused cell dose, have enabled the cells to reach the bone marrow in high numbers. This potential of the PF127 to sequester the pMVs and its application to achieve over 10-fold delivery of HSCs across the trans-endothelial checkpoint has so far not been reported. Thus, this mechanistic innovation is a potential post-exposure life-saving regimen capable of circumventing the irreparable damage to the bone marrow caused by lethal doses of radiation.
The influence of iatrogenic atrial septal defect on the prognosis of patients with atrial fibrillation between cryoablation and radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Yang Ying , Wu Jinglan , Yao Lixia , Liu Yue , Zhang Chenfeng , You Ling , Yang Jing , Xie Ruiqin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective: The present study was to compare the incidence of septal defect (SD) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who received radiofrequency ablation or cryoablation.
Methods: A total of 293 AF patients were performed with radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation. Cardiac ultrasonography was performed to calculate left atrial diameter (LAD), left atrial ejection fraction (LAEF%), strain rate (SR), left ventricular systolic (SRs), left ventricular diastolic (SRe), and left atrial systole (SRa) before surgery, 3 months and 1 year after surgery. The patients were followed up to observe statin and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) medication, AF recurrence, 6-min walk test, stroke, any symptoms caused by arrhythmia, and re-hospitalization. Results: The levels of LAD and SD were higher, while SRe and SRa were lower in the cryoablation group in the comparison with the radiofrequency ablation group after surgery (P&lt;0.05). LAEF was lower in the cryoablation group than the radiofrequency ablation group after 3 months (P&lt;0.05). After 1-year follow-up, no right-to-left shunt occurred in all patients with SD. The AF recurrence rate in SD group was higher than that in the normal group (P&lt;0.05). The use of statin and the application of ACEI/ARB were protective factors, whereas hypertension, LAD, left atrial operation time, and surgical plan were risk factors. Conclusion: SD affects left atrial function and increases the risk of AF recurrence. Hypertension, LAD, and left atrial operation time are risk factors for SD, whereas statin and ACEI/ARB drugs can reduce SD.
Transcriptome sequencing of circular RNA reveals a novel circular RNA-has_circ_0114427 in the regulation of inflammation in acute kidney injury
Authors: Cao Yiling , Mi Xuhua , Zhang Dongmei , Wang Zheng , Zuo Yongdi , Tang Wanxin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common serious syndrome characterized by rapid decrease of glomerular filtration rate and the progressive increase of serum creatinine. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are regulatory RNAs that recently became popular among various diseases. However, the expression profile and function of circRNAs in AKI remain largely unknown. The main function of circRNAs is acting as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) by binding with microRNAs (miRNAs), as indicated by recent research. In the present study, we established cisplatin-induced AKI model in mice and isolated renal tubular tissues to extract circRNAs for next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics analysis. We analyzed the composition, distribution and Gene Ontology terms of circRNAs in cisplatin-induced AKI and revealed differentially expressed circRNAs related to AKI. By finding homologous genes between mouse and human, we identified circRNA- circ-0114427 in humans. We further investigated its function in AKI cell model. Circ-0114427 expression was significantly up-regulated in different AKI cell models. Knockdown of circ-0114427 indicated that circ-0114427 bound to miR-494 as a miRNA sponge to regulate ATF3 expression and further affected the expression of downstream cytokine IL-6. Circ-0114427 regulates inflammatory progression in AKI’s early stage via circ-0114427/miR-494/ATF3 pathway. Our findings reveal the expression profile of circRNAs in cisplatin-induced AKI and provide a novel insight into the regulatory mechanism of circRNAs, which may become a new molecular target resource for early diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Radical rearrangement and transfer reactions in proteins
Authors: Schöneich Christian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Radical rearrangement and transfer reactions play an important role in the chemical modifications of proteins in vivo and in vitro. These reactions depend on protein sequence, as well as structure and dynamics. Frequently, these reactions have well-defined precedents in the organic chemistry literature, but their occurrence in proteins provides a stage for a number of novel and, perhaps, unexpected reaction products. This essay will provide an overview over a few representative examples of radical rearrangement and transfer reactions.
80 GS/s 5.5 ENOB time‐interleaved inverter‐based CMOS track‐and‐hold
Authors: Mattia O.E. , Murmann B. 
Published: January 2020

An inverter‐based track‐and‐hold circuit that merges the functions of buffering and sampling is proposed, simultaneously improving linearity, bandwidth and power efficiency when compared to state‐of‐the‐art designs. The circuit operation and its governing equations are presented, and simulation results of an 80 GS/s, 5.5 ENOB time‐interleaved prototype consuming 25 mW from a 0.7 V supply demonstrate the advantages of the proposed topology using a predictive 7 nm FinFET CMOS technology.
Quantification of thigh muscle volume in children and adolescents using magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Tomlinson Owen William , Barker Alan Robert , Fulford Jonathan , Wilson Paul , Oades Patrick John , Williams Craig Anthony 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEstimating muscle volume (MV) using variable numbers of cross‐sectional area (CSA) slices obtained from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) introduces an error that is known in adults, but not in children and adolescents, whereby body sizes differ due to growth and maturation. Therefore, 15 children and adolescents (11 males, 14.8 ± 2.1 years) underwent MRI scans of the right thigh using a 1.5 T scanner to establish this error. A criterion MV was determined by tracing around and summing all CSAs, with MV subsequently estimated using every second, third, fourth and fifth CSA slice. Bland–Altman plots identified mean bias and limits of agreement (LoA) between methods. Error rates between 1.0 and 10.4% were seen between criterion and estimated MV. Additional analyses identified an impact of formulae selection, with a cylindrical formula preferred to a truncated cone. To counter high error between criterion and estimated MV due to the discrepancies in the number of CSA slices analysed, length‐matched criterion volumes were established, with reduced error rates (0.5–2.0%) being produced as a result. CSA at 50% thigh‐length also predicted MV, producing a high error (13.8–39.6%). Pearson's correlation coefficients determined relationships between error and measures of body size/composition, with all body size/composition measures being correlated (r = −0.78–0.86, p < 0.05) with the error between criterion and estimated MV. To conclude, MV can be accurately estimated using fewer CSA slices. However, the associated error must be considered when calculating MV in children and adolescents, as body size biases estimates.
Final report on GULFMET supplementary comparison of AC energy (GULFMET.EM-S5)
Authors: Velychko Oleh , Karpenko Stanislav , Çayci Hüseyin , Bartholomew Jon 
Published: January 2020

An intercomparison for standards of electrical energy has taken place within the framework of GULFMET. The intercomparison, piloted by State Enterprise 'Ukrmetrteststandard'-UMTS (Ukraine), has involved three laboratories, including one who is a member of another regional metrological organization: EURAMET and COOMET. The results presented in this report appear to show that there are significant differences between some laboratories' representations of the watt-hour. However, the agreement demonstrated by the intercomparison provides confidence in maintaining traceability for active energy and reactive energy for 1.0, 0.5 Lag, 0.5 Lead power factors at frequencies of 50 Hz and 53 Hz.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Adaptive resonance and pumping a swing
Authors: Glendinning Paul 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Resonance, and particularly parametric resonance, is often given as an explanation for the increase in amplitude of a child on a swing, or more generally the actuation of pendulums. However the analysis is based on linearised models of the pendulum. We revisit the definition of parametric resonance and show how the pumping phenomenon is a much more complicated process than standard accounts might suggest. We show that if the frequency is not adapted as a function of the period of the oscillations then parametric forcing leads to a modulated oscillation which grows and then decreases periodically. A weakly nonlinear approximation confirms this observation. This shows that the parametric forcing required to maintain or grow oscillations in an actuated pendulum need to adapt to the period of the current oscillations rather than some abstract ‘natural frequency’. These results are extended to other resonant models of pumping a swing.
Experimental tests and finite element simulations of a new SMA-steel damper
Authors: Qiu Canxing , Wang Hongyang , Liu Jiawang , Qi Jian , Wang Yanming 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Owing to their outstanding recentering capability, shape memory alloy (SMA) dampers are emerging as promising passive dampers for seismic applications. However, compared to typical seismic dampers, the inherent energy dissipation capability of SMAs is often deemed barely satisfactory. To enhance the damping capacity of SMA dampers, this study suggests combining SMA elements with steel dampers based on bending steel plates. In this new SMA-steel damper, the steel dampers are mainly responsible for absorbing seismic energy, whereas the SMA bars primarily play the role of recovering inelastic deformation. Experimental tests were conducted at room temperature to verify the cyclic behavior of the proposed damper. The hysteretic parameters, such as strength, stiffness, equivalent damping ratio, and residual deformation, are of particular interest and quantified as a function of the loading amplitude. According to test results, the new damper is confirmed to possess desirable recentering capability and high damping. To further understand the damper, numerical simulations were carried out in the finite element (FE) analysis software ABAQUS. The numerical results validated the experimental data. Based on the calibrated FE model, the thickness of the bending steel plate of the steel damper and the diameter of the SMA bars were varied in the parametric analysis to examine its effect on the recentering tendency and damping mechanism.
Balancing the conversion efficiency and beam quality of second harmonic generation of a two-picosecond Yb:YAG thin-disk laser
Authors: Duda Martin , Novák Ondřej , Chyla Michal , Smrž Martin , Mocek Tomáš 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this work, the optimization of the second harmonic generation in an LiB3O5 crystal of the 1 kHz, 2 ps Yb:YAG laser is being investigated. Depending on the crystal thickness, an optimal intensity exists, above which the back-conversion process negatively affects the beam quality and pulse shape, while decreasing conversion efficiency. For a selected 2 mm thick frequency doubling crystal, the conversion efficiency of 80% at an optimal intensity of 120 GW cm−2 has been achieved, with output pulse duration of 1.3 ps and with beam quality of 1.4 and 1.6 in a horizontal and vertical direction, respectively, which is only slightly worse than the beam quality at a fundamental frequency.
Progress on the controllable synthesis of all-inorganic halide perovskite nanocrystals and their optoelectronic applications
Authors: Yuan Yi , Tang Aiwei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In the past five years, all-inorganic metal halide perovskite (CsPbX3, X = Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals have been intensely studied due to their outstanding optical properties and facile synthesis, which endow them with potential optoelectronic applications. In order to optimize their physical and chemical properties, different strategies have been developed to realize the controllable synthesis of CsPbX3 nanocrystals. In this short review, we firstly present a comprehensive and detailed summary of existed synthesis strategies of CsPbX3 nanocrystals and their analogues. Then, we introduce the regulations of several reaction parameters and their effects on the morphologies of CsPbX3 nanocrystals. At the same time, we provide stability improvement methods and representative applications. Finally, we propose the current challenges and future perspectives of the promising materials.