bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrición de Precisión para Dislipidemias en la Infección por el VIH/Sida
Authors: Arias Castelan Liliana , Galván Marcos , López Rodríguez Guadalupe 
Published: December 2019

La dislipidemia asociada a VIH/Sida es multifactorial y constituye un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de complicaciones macrovasculares: infarto de miocardio y enfermedad cerebrovascular, las cuales afectan la calidad de vida. Al inicio de los tratamientos farmacológicos de pacientes con VIH/Sida las dislipidemias se asociaron con el los inhibidores de proteasas (IP) y, más tarde, con los inhibidores de la transcriptasa reversa de nucleósidos (ITRNs) y los inhibidores de la transcriptasa reversa no nucleósidos (ITRNNs). La evidencia indica que el uso de estos fármacos antirretrovirales incrementa la expresión del gen sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP), el cual es regulado por el gen SREBP1; incrementándose así la expresión de genes lipogénicos.
La nutrición de precisión es un abordaje que tiene como fin la nutrición individualizada del paciente donde se consideran el fenotipo, genotipo y las prácticas de actividad física del sujeto a evaluar; el objetivo de este informe de caso clínico es caracterizar y describir el la dislipidemia de un paciente con VIH un abordaje de nutrición de precisión basado en las condiciones particulares del paciente y el funcionamiento de la proteína SRBEP1, la cual regula la expresión genes involucrados en la lipogénesis.
Dersaadet Birinci Osmanlı Numune-i Terakki-i Ziraat Anonim Şirketi ve Faaliyetleri
Authors: ÇAĞMAN Ergin 
Published: December 2019

Osmanlı Devleti’nin son döneminde faaliyet gösteren anonim şirketlerden biri 1912 yılında İstanbul’da kurulan “Dersaadet Birinci Osmanlı Numune-i Terakki-i Ziraat Anonim Şirketi”dir. Şirketin temel amacı dönemin fenni usullerini kullanarak ziraat ve hayvancılık sektörlerinde çalışmalar yapmak, bu sektörlere dair pratik eğitim vermek, yurtiçi ve yurt dışı gelişmeleri aktararak yayılmasını sağlamak, yerlileşme konusunda toplumsal bilinci güçlendirmek ve ülkenin ekonomisine ve terakkisine katkıda bulunmaktı.
Şirket, projelerini hayata geçirmek için numune bir çiftlik kurmayı düşünmüş, bunun için ideal mekân olarak Yalova’da bulunan Baltacı Çiftliği’ni seçmiştir. Maliye Nezareti’yle yapılan anlaşmaya göre çiftlik, şirket tarafından yedi yıllığına kiralanmakla birlikte hükümet bu sürenin elli yıla çıkarılabileceğini bildirmiştir. Fakat çiftlik civarında iskân edilmiş olan ve bu toprakların bir kısmında tarım yapan Dağıstan muhacirleriyle ve çevre köylerde yaşayan ahaliyle bazı anlaşmazlıklar vuku bulmuştur. Bu konuda hassas davranan hükümet, ahali ve muhacirlerin mağduriyete uğramaması için anlaşmaya bazı maddeler ilave etmiştir.
Çalışma, günümüz literatüründe hakkında fazla bilgi bulunmayan Dersaadet Birinci Osmanlı Numune-i Terakki-i Ziraat Anonim Şirketi’nin kuruluş amacını ve hedeflerini, şirketin Baltacı Çiftliği’ni kiralama ve işletme safhalarını Osmanlı arşiv belgelerinden faydalanarak ele almaktadır. Her ne kadar şirketin planladığı faaliyetler uygulanamamış olsa da 20. yüzyılın başlarında ziraat ve hayvancılık konusunda teşebbüste bulunan yerli bir ziraat şirketinin amacı, hedefleri ve iktisadi faaliyetlere yaklaşımının ortaya koyulması kanaatimizce tarih yazımı için değerli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Çalışma, böylece Osmanlı Devleti’nin son dönemindeki şirketleşme çabalarının anlaşılmasına katkı sunmayı hedeflemektedir.
Mendudukkan Konsep Executive Review dalam Sistem Hukum Ketatanegaraan Indonesia
Authors: Simatupang Taufik H. 
Published: December 2019

Peraturan perundang-undangan yang belum tertata dengan baik mengakibatkan banyak yang tidak harmonis dan tidak sinkron, baik secara vertikal maupun horizontal. Hal ini memunculkan konsep executive review sebagai jalan keluarnya. Persoalannya, lembaga negara mana sesungguhnya yang berwenang. Penelitian ini akan menjawab bagaimana aspek hukum pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan dan kedudukan executive review dalam sistem hukum ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Penelitian hukum yuridis normatif ini menggunakan data sekunder berupa bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tertier. Aspek hukum pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan harus memuat landasan filosofis, sosiologis dan yuridis. Analisis dan evaluasi hukum merupakan bagian dari konsep pengujian peraturan perundang-undangan yang penting dalam sistem ketatanegaraan negara hukum. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menilai apakah peraturan yang selama ini telah dikeluarkan dan berlaku telah mencapai tujuan pembentukannya, sekaligus mengetahui manfaat dan dampak pelaksanaan norma hukum tersebut dalam masyarakat. Hasilnya berupa rekomendasi terhadap status peraturan perundang-undangan, apakah diubah, dicabut atau tetap. Dalam sistem hukum ketatanegaran Indonesia pengujian sampai kepada pembatalan peraturan perundang-undangan adalah kewenangan lembaga judikatif melalui mekanisme judicial review. Oleh karena itu tugas evaluasi dan analisis hukum dalam konteks pengujian peraturan perundang-undangan yang bermuara pada rekomendasi mencabut, merubah dan tetap, kurang tepat apabila menjadi kewenangan lembaga eksekutif. Mengingat hal tersebut akan beririsan dan berbenturan dengan tugas dan kewenangan kekuasaan kehakiman, baik di tingkat Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Mahkamah Agung. Pemerintah lebih tepat melakukan kewenangan pengawasan regulasi melalui penguatan executive preview yaitu pengujian norma hukum sebelum sah mengikat secara umum sebagai produk peraturan perundang-undangan.
Viaggetto sul Po: un flusso di coscienza tra appartenenza ed estraneità
Authors: Novati Maria Vittoria 
Published: December 2019

This contribution deals with the relationship between Cesare Zavattini and his place of origin, Luzzara, near the Po river, through the analysis of a small report published in 1965, Viaggetto sul Po. After a brief introduction to narrative reportage (in which Zavattini’s text can be inserted) we will proceed with the analysis of the report, with the support of other works by the author (in particular Straparole, in which Viaggetto sul Po is contained) and the current literature.
Multimaterial and multicolor 3D-printed model in training of transnasal endoscopic surgery for pituitary adenoma
Authors: Zheng Jia-Ping , Li Chu-Zhong , Chen Guo-Qiang 
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the present study was to investigate the practical value of a multimaterial and multicolor 3D-printed model in anatomical teaching, surgical training, and preoperative planning of transnasal endoscopic surgery for pituitary adenoma.METHODSMultimodality neuroimaging data were obtained in a 42-year-old healthy male volunteer and a 40-year-old female patient with an invasive nonfunctional pituitary adenoma. Three 3D-printed models were produced: a monomaterial and monocolor model, a monomaterial and multicolor model, and a multimaterial and multicolor model. The effects on anatomical teaching and surgical training for exposing the vidian nerve were assessed by 12 residents, and the training effect was validated on cadavers. The practical values for preoperative planning were evaluated by 6 experienced neurosurgeons. All evaluations were based on 5-point Likert questionnaires.RESULTSThe multimaterial and multicolor model was superior to the monomaterial models in surgical training for exposing the vidian nerve (Fisher test; p < 0.05). In addition, the multimaterial and multicolor model was superior to the monomaterial models in anatomical teaching and preoperative planning (Friedman test; p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSMultimaterial and multicolor 3D printing technology makes it convenient and efficient to produce a practical model for simulating individualized and complex anatomical structures in the sellar region. Furthermore, the multimaterial model can provide a more realistic manipulative experience for surgical training and facilitate the preoperative planning.
Contemporary and emerging magnetic resonance imaging methods for evaluation of moyamoya disease
Authors: Lehman Vance T. , Cogswell Petrice M. , Rinaldo Lorenzo , Brinjikji Waleed , Huston John , Klaas James P. , Lanzino Giuseppe 
Published: December 2019

Numerous recent technological advances offer the potential to substantially enhance the MRI evaluation of moyamoya disease (MMD). These include high-resolution volumetric imaging, high-resolution vessel wall characterization, improved cerebral angiographic and perfusion techniques, high-field imaging, fast scanning methods, and artificial intelligence. This review discusses the current state-of-the-art MRI applications in these realms, emphasizing key imaging findings, clinical utility, and areas that will benefit from further investigation. Although these techniques may apply to imaging of a wide array of neurovascular or other neurological conditions, consideration of their application to MMD is useful given the comprehensive multidimensional MRI assessment used to evaluate MMD. These MRI techniques span from basic cross-sectional to advanced functional sequences, both qualitative and quantitative.The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive summary and analysis of current key relevant literature of advanced MRI techniques for the evaluation of MMD with image-rich case examples. These imaging methods can aid clinical characterization, help direct treatment, assist in the evaluation of treatment response, and potentially improve the understanding of the pathophysiology of MMD.
Sulfide mineralization of phoscorites and carbonatites of the guli massif (Polar Siberia) and potential of these rocks on noble metals
Authors: Sorokhtina N. V. , Kogarko L. N. , Zaitsev V. A. , Konkova N. N. , Asavin A. M. 
Published: December 2019

A first complex investigation of mineral forms of Au and Ag and distribution of noble metals in sulfide-containing phoscorites and carbonatites, their magnetite and sulfide concentrates of alkaline ultrabasic massif Guli (Polar Siberia) was made by neutron activation method, XRF and microprobe analyses. Sulfide concentrates of carbonatites are enriched with Pt up to 2.93, Au up to 61.6 and Ag up to 3.61 (ppm).
The main sulfides are pyrrhotite, djerfisherite, chalcopyrite and pyrite. Silver is accumulated in the late chalcopyrite, Ag- djerfisherite, later ― lenaite, sternbergite or argentopyrite and native silver. Wide dissemination of djerfisherite in phoscorites and carbonatites and defined inclusions of rasvumite, K-Na-Ca carbonates, carbocernaite and strontianite in pyrrhotite, is the evidence of of high activity of K, Na, Sr, LREE, F, Cl and S during the sulfides crystallization. Chlorine has a high capacity for the formation of chlorine-silver complexes and is probably an agent for the transfer of noble metals in carbonatites.
The comparison of surveyed associations with published experimental data shows that formation of sulfides starts at the temperature no lower than 500С (early pyrrhotite) and lasts till 150C (argentopyrite). The late carbonatite assemblages may can be enriched with Au and Ag and be a potential source of formation of alluvial gold.
Stressful Life Events and Racial Disparities in Cognition Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Authors: Zuelsdorff Megan , Okonkwo Ozioma C. , Norton Derek , Barnes Lisa L. , Graham Karen L. , Clark Lindsay R. , Wyman Mary F. , Benton Susan F. , Gee Alexander , Lambrou Nickolas , Johnson Sterling C. , Gleason Carey E. 
Published: December 2019

Background: It is well-documented that African Americans have elevated risk for cognitive impairment and dementia in late life, but reasons for the racial disparities remain unknown. Stress processes have been linked to premature age-related morbidity, including Alzheimer’s and related dementias (ADRD), and plausibly contribute to social disparities in cognitive aging. Objective: We examined the relationship between stressful life events and cognitive decline among African American and White participants enrolled in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention (WRAP). Methods: Linear mixed models including demographic, literacy, and health-related covariates were used to estimate (1) relationships between a life event index score and decline in cognitive test performance in two domains of executive function (Speed & Flexibility, Working Memory) and one domain of episodic memory (Verbal Learning & Memory) among 1,241 WRAP enrollees, stratified by race, and (2) contributions of stressful life events to racial differences in cognition within the full sample. Results: African Americans (N = 50) reported more stressful life events than Whites (N = 1,191). Higher stress scores associated with poorer Speed & Flexibility performance in both groups, though not with declines across time, and partially explained racial differentials in this domain. Among African Americans only, stressor exposure also associated with age-related decline in Verbal Learning & Memory. Stressor-cognition relationships were independent of literacy and health-related variables. Conclusions: Greater lifetime stress predicted poorer later-life cognition, and, in a small sample of African Americans, faster declines in a key domain of episodic memory. These preliminary findings suggest that future work in large minority aging cohorts should explore stress as an important source of modifiable, socially-rooted risk for impairment and ADRD in African Americans, who are disproportionately exposed to adverse experiences across the life course.
Is Aquatic Therapy Optimally Prescribed for Parkinson’s Disease? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Carroll Louise M. , Morris Meg E. , O’Connor William T. , Clifford Amanda M. 
Published: December 2019

Background: Aquatic therapy offers an alternative physiotherapy approach to managing the motor and non-motor symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Objective: This review examined exercise prescription for aquatic therapy in PD and evaluated if aquatic therapy is as effective as land-based physiotherapy for improving movement, disability and wellbeing in people living with PD. Methods: A systematic search of eight databases was conducted to identify suitable randomized controlled trials from inception until August 2019. Aquatic therapy prescription data and outcomes of interest included gait, balance, motor disability, mobility, falls, mood, cognitive function and health related quality of life data was extracted and synthesised. A meta-analysis was performed where appropriate. Results: Fourteen studies involving 472 participants (Hoehn & Yahr scale I–IV) met the inclusion criteria. Eight were of modest quality, scoring 70–80% on the PEDro scale. Seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. Exercise prescription was highly variable and often insufficiently dosed. Similar gains were shown for aquatic therapy and land exercises for balance, motor disability or quality of life. A statistically significant difference was found for mobility as measured using the TUG (–1.5 s, 95 % CI –2.68 to –0.32; p = 0.01, I2 = 13%), in favor of aquatic therapy. Conclusion: Aquatic therapy had positive outcomes for gait, balance and mobility that were comparable to land-based physiotherapy in the early stages of PD. The optimal dosage, content and duration of aquatic interventions for PD could not be confirmed in this meta-analysis. Many trials appeared to be under-dosed and therapy duration was low, ranging from 3–11 weeks.
ГЛОБАЛЬНЕ ГРОМАДЯНСЬКЕ СУСПІЛЬСТВО, ДЕМОКРАТІЯ ТА ПРИНЦИПИ СУДОЧИНСТВА
Authors: Музичук К. С. 
Published: December 2019

Статтю присвячено висвітленню принципів судочинства, завдяки яким ЄСПЛ відстоює ідеї демократії.
Обґрунтовано, що глобальне громадянське суспільство сприяє поширенню демократич­них цінностей. До цінностей глобального громадянського суспільства належать демокра­тичні принципи судочинства, адже саме вони забезпечують захист демократії. Запропоно­вано визначення демократії. Здійснено структурно-логічний аналіз вітчизняних принципів судочинства з тими, які лежать в основі роботи Європейського суду з прав людини. Запро­поновано кілька дефініцій демократичних принципів судочинства. Демократичні принципи судочинства - це основні засади діяльності ЄСПЛ, якими він керується під час захисту конвенційних прав і свобод людини і які допускають їх обмеження тільки в межах демокра­тії. Демократичні принципи судочинства - це сукупність правових ідей захисту конвенцій­них прав і свобод людини, порядок реалізації яких у суді регулюється рамками демократії.
Analysis of the Etiological Structure and Profile of Drug Resistance of Causative Agents of Nosocomial Pneumonia in Young Children Who Were on Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Danilova V.V. , Bevz S.I. , Ovcharenko S.S. , Shevchenko O.S. , Todoriko L.D. 
Published: December 2019

Background. The results of the treatment of young children who are on artificial lung ventilation in the departments of anesthesiology and intensive care (DAIC) depend directly on the antibiotic therapy policy used in the department.
Aim. Analysis of the etiological structure and the level of antibiotic resistance of pathogens of nosocomial pneumonia (NP) in young children in the conditions of the DAIC of the Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital № 1 in Kharkov for the period 2000-2018.
Materials and methods. 89 children with nosocomial pneumonia who were undergoinig artificial lung ventilation in the anesthesiology and intensive care unit up to 3 year-olds.
Results. Gram-negative microorganisms (MOs) were isolated in 84.3% (n=75), gram-positive MOs – in 12.35% (n=11), micosis of different species in 3.37% (n=3). The study of antibiotic resistance of strains of microorganisms isolated from endotracheal aspirate in infants with nosocomial pneumonia, significantly indicates the predominance in the structure of pathogens of gram-negative microorganisms having multiple or panresistant microorganisms
Conclusions. Carrying out regular monitoring of antibiotic sensitivity will allow more flexible implementation of antibiotic therapy policy in the DAIC, which, in turn, will increase the effectiveness of treatment, will reduce the economic costs and mortality of this contingent of patients.
Da Costa ocidental africana ao Brasil: caminhos da escravidão
Authors: Gileno Carlos Henrique , Medeiros Rodrigo Dantas 
Published: December 2019

O principal objetivo deste artigo é analisar alguns aspectos do comércio de escravos na costa ocidental da África até o Brasil nos três primeiros séculos da colonização portuguesa nos trópicos americanos. Aquele vultoso e lucrativo negócio estava fundado nos caminhos percorridos pelos africanos nas guerras fratricidas, no cativeiro nas tribos e da sua retirada das entranhas africanas para serem compulsoriamente transportados à América, onde eram utilizados como mão-de-obra primacial no movimento econômico das colônias. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Escravidão. África. Pumbos. Capitalismo mercantil. Colônia.
ON THE CAUCHY PROBLEM FOR MATRIX FACTORIZATIONS OF THE HELMHOLTZ EQUATION
Authors: JURAEV Davron 
Published: December 2019

In the paper it is considered the regularization of the Cauchy problem for systems of elliptic type equations of the first order with constant coefficients factorisable Helmholtz operator in two-dimensional unbounded domain. Using the results of [20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 ], we construct in explicit form Carleman matrix and, based on the regularized solution of the Cauchy problem.
EXPERIENCE OF TOFACITINIB USING IN THERAPY OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS IN REAL CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Belousova E. A. , Abdulganieva Вю I. , Alekseeva O. P. , Bakulin I. G. , Vasilyeva O. V. , Veselov A. V. , Kagramanova A. V. , Kashnikov V. N. , Knyazev O. V. , Koroleva M. V. , Nikitina N. V. , Nikolaeva N. N. , Tkachev A. V. , Chashkova T. Yu. , Shapina M. V. 
Published: December 2019

AIM: to demonstrate the first Russian experience with the use of tofaciminib (TOFA) for the treatment of moderate and severe UC in real clinical practice.PATIENTS AND METHODS: eighty-five patients with UC (aged 41.38±14.69 years, average disease duration 9.55±5.27 years, mild UC – 3.5%, moderate UC – 41.2%, severe – 52.9%, acute severe UC – 2.6%), resistant to corticosteroid therapy (36.5%) and biological agents (61.2%), were prescribed with TOFA at an induction dose of 10 mg 2 times a day, followed by a decrease in the dose to a maintenance dose (5 mg 2 times a day). Early clinical response, clinical and endoscopic remission, prevalence and dynamic of extraintestinal manifestations were assessed at 8 and 12 weeks of treatment, as well as safety and tolerability.RESULTS: Sixty-eight (80.0%) patients completed induction treatment with TOFA for 8 weeks, other patients continue to receive TOFA. A quick response within one week was detected in 41 (50.6%) patients, on average, on the 5th day of therapy. At the end of induction, 52 (76.5%) patients achieved clinical remission, 3 (4.4%) achieved a clinical response, 13 (19.1%) patients showed no positive changes. Of the 53 patients observed over 12 weeks, 41 (77.4%) had clinical remission, 6 (11.3%) had clinical improvement, and 6 (11.3%) patients had no response to the treatment. The changes of extraintestinal manifestations were positive: 55.2% of patients at week 8 and 77.8% of patients at week 12 showed clinical improvement, mainly in relation to the joint syndrome. One episode of herpes zoster infection, one case of anemia, were identified dur-ing 12 weeks of follow-up.CONCLUSION: TOFA in UC is effective in achieving a rapid clinical response, clinical remission and mucosal healing in patients who do not adequately respond to therapy with basic as well as biological drugs. Tofacitinib is an effective and safe therapeutic option for this challenging patient population.