bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repurposing disulfiram to induce OSCC cell death by cristae dysfunction promoted autophagy
Authors: Wang Zhen , Jiang Han , Cai Lu‐Yao , Ji Ning , Zeng Xin , Zhou Yu , Shen Ying‐Qiang , Chen Qian‐Ming 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveDisulfiram has been repurposed as a potential candidate to suppress various cancers. However, its anti‐tumor effects and molecular mechanisms of oral squamous cell carcinoma remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to assess the anti‐cancer activity and underlying mechanisms of disulfiram in the context of oral squamous cell carcinoma.Materials and MethodsWe tested the cytotoxicity of disulfiram in oral squamous cell carcinoma using a 3D culture model and a PDX model. Cell proliferation, cell death, and related signaling pathways were evaluated. Mitochondrial DNA copy number, mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial mass, and mitochondrial complexes were analyzed.ResultsDisulfiram can induce excessive autophagy in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells as a result of OXPHOS deficiency. Disulfiram‐induced OPA1 degradation can impair the functional cristae structure, which results in a dramatic reduction in mitochondrial respiration capability as well as ATP production. Subsequently, energy deprivation leads to excessive autophagy through AMPK activation. In addition, exogenous ATP blocked the activation of AMPK and rescued disulfiram‐induced cell death.ConclusionDSF targets mitochondrial inner membrane protein OPA1 to disturb the energy supply, triggering excessive autophagy, and cell death in OSCC. Our study suggests OPA1‐dependent ATP generation is pharmacologically targetable in OSCC treatment.
Psychological distance and imitation
Authors: Hansen Jochim , Genschow Oliver 
Published: September 2020

AbstractImitation is a ubiquitous part of everybody's life. When imitating other people, a certain psychological distance is always involved—for instance, the imitator may be near to or distant from observed behavior in space (e.g., when one is learning a task face‐to‐face vs. by watching a video) or time (e.g., the behavior appears in a new vs. an old video). In this article, we review recent research that investigated the influence of psychological distance on imitation. In doing so, we differentiate between imitation of movements and imitation of goals. The reviewed research suggests that movement‐based (vs. goal‐based) imitation is stronger when the observed behavior is near than when it is distant. Additionally, the influence of psychological distance on imitation appears to happen already on an input level. That is, the level of construal guides observers' attention either to the observed movement or its goal, facilitating the imitation of the respective action feature. In addition, we review research demonstrating that psychological distance reduces goal contagion—a finding that seems to be at odds with studies showing that distance increases goal‐based imitation. We identify differences between the two lines of research (goal contagion vs. goal imitation) and discuss open questions and future directions that result from the reviewed findings.
Nocardia prophylaxis, treatment, and outcomes of infection in lung transplant recipients: A matched case‐control study
Authors: Goodlet Kellie J. , Tokman Sofya , Nasar Aasya , Cherrier Lauren , Walia Rajat , Nailor Michael D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundLung transplant recipients are at heightened risk for nocardiosis compared to other solid organ transplant recipients, with incidence rates as high as 9% and up to 30% associated mortality. No controlled studies assessing risk factors for nocardiosis in this high‐risk population have been reported.MethodsPatients undergoing lung transplantation at a single center between 2012 and 2018 and diagnosed with nocardiosis post‐transplant were matched 1:2 to uninfected control subjects on the basis of age, transplant date, and sex.ResultsThe incidence of nocardiosis in this lung transplant population was 3.4% (20/586), occurring a median of 9.4 months (range 4.4‐55.2) post‐transplant. In multivariable analysis, consistent use of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) in the 12 weeks prior to diagnosis was independently associated with protection against nocardiosis (OR 0.038; 95% CI 0.01‐0.29; P = .002). Augmented immunosuppression in the 6 months prior to diagnosis was independently associated with the development of nocardiosis (OR 9.94; 95% CI 1.62‐ 61.00; P = .013). Six case patients (30%) had disseminated disease; all‐cause 6‐month mortality was 25%. The most common species was Nocardia farcinica (7/17 isolates), which was associated with dissemination and mortality. The most active antibiotics were TMP/SMX (100%), linezolid (100%), and amikacin (76%). Imipenem was only active against 4/17 isolates (24% susceptibility), with two isolates becoming non‐susceptible later in therapy.ConclusionsTrimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis was shown to be protective against nocardiosis in lung transplant recipients, while augmented immunosuppression conferred increased risk. Institutional epidemiologic data are needed to best guide empiric therapy for Nocardia, as historical in vitro data may not predict local susceptibilities.
Presumptive herpesvirus‐associated erythema multiforme in a cat
Authors: De Lucia Michela , Cabré Maria , Denti Daria , Mezzalira Giorgia , Rondena Marco , Furlanello Tommaso 
Published: September 2020

RésuméL’érythème polymorphe (EM), est une dermatose à médiation immune rare chez le chat, théoriquement déclenché par une infection FHV‐1 (feline herpesvirus type‐1), de la même façon que chez l’homme avec HAEM (human herpesvirus‐associated EM). Cet article décrit un chat croisé Persan de 10 ans avec un diagnostic présumé de HAEM.
Outcomes of dogs with progressive myelomalacia treated with hemilaminectomy or with extensive hemilaminectomy and durotomy
Authors: Nakamoto Yuya , Uemura Takashi , Hasegawa Hiroki , Nakamoto Miwa , Ozawa Tsuyoshi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the ability of extensive hemilaminectomy and durotomy (EHLD) to control progressive myelomalacia (PMM) in dogs.Study designRetrospective clinical study.AnimalsTwenty‐eight client owned dogs that underwent EHLD (n = 10) or HL alone (n = 18).MethodsAfter diagnosis by MRI, dogs were immediately treated with HL alone or EHLD at the site of intramedullary hyperintensity on T2‐weighted (T2W)‐MRI. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Follow‐up data were collected via telephone interviews with the referring veterinarian and a standardized questionnaire. Postoperative survival outcome between groups was compared (log‐rank test) by using Cox's proportional hazard analysis with baseline characteristics entered as covariates.ResultsThe survival rate was higher in the EHLD group (P = .03) compared with the HL‐alone group. Eleven of 18 dogs treated with HL survived, while seven of 18 dogs died (median, 5 days after surgery). In the EHLD group, 10 of 10 dogs survived postoperatively. Baseline characteristics were not associated with postoperative survival outcomes. According to multivariate analysis, EHLD was the independent factor associated with an increase in survival rate (P = .0002).ConclusionEHLD durotomy at the intramedullary hyperintense region on T2W‐MRI improved the survival rate of dogs with PMM compared with dogs treated with standard HL.Clinical significanceThis study provides evidence that supports treatment with EHLD in dogs with PMM. Additional prospective studies are required.
How to Fix Coordination Lags in the Keynesian Macroeconomical Intervention?
Authors: Laiho Tommi P. 
Published: September 2020

The Keynesian macroecomic intervention often fails. This is most likely due to forecasting problems of the macroeconomy. This article present a software idea of fuzzy logic controlling unit which replaces long and tedious human intervention in macroeconomic stimulation process. The Keynesian Macroeconomic intervention now made by officials and politicians is suggested to be made by much faster and more purposeful automatic computer adjustment process. It is assumed that this kind of just in time and very fast automatic computer intervention would lead to optimimal usage of the resources in a much better way than any current human lead systems would be able to do.
Performance Matrix Analysis Method of Power Battery System Based on Multi-Parameters’ Model
Authors: Xu You , Wu Jing , Xu Wei , Li Guiping , Gao Qun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Power battery system is widely used in new energy vehicles. The performance of power battery directly affects the safety of new energy vehicles. At present, the research of battery system safety focuses on specific parameters such as the status of charge (SoC), the state of health (SoH), and so on. However, a single performance evaluation may lead to some defects in system safety. The influences on the power battery system of SoC, SoH, and the status of consistency, which are essential factors in battery system safety were analyzed in this study. In view of the conclusion of the analysis result, the concept of the power battery system performance matrix, which includes the parameters of SoC, SoH, the status of consistency and temperature, was proposed. The state-space expression was studied and used for the expression of the performance matrix. Cyclic charging and discharging experiments of Lithium-ion batteries were carried out, and the result showed that the performance matrix based on state-space could describe the dynamic changes of battery system status. It was sufficient for the estimate of the battery system’s safety status, and it can provide the effective and reliable data resources for the system maintenance.
Effect of Conical Spray and Multi-Hole Spray on Gasoline Engine Mixture Formation and Combustion Performance Based on Different Injection Strategies
Authors: Wei Shengli , Yu Zhiqing , Song Zhilei , Yang Fan , Wu Chengcheng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article presents a numerical investigation carried out to determine the effects of second and third injection timing on combustion characteristics and mixture formation of a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine by comparing conical spray against multihole spray. The results showed that at the engine 80% full load of 2000 r/min, the difference in mixture distribution between the two sprays was obvious with double and triple injection strategies. With the second injection timing from 140 deg CA delay to 170 deg CA, the in-cylinder pressure, the in-cylinder temperature, and the heat release rate of the conical spray increased by 20.8%, 9.8%, and 30.7% and that of the multihole spray decreased by 30.7%, 13.6%, and 37.8%. The delay of the injection time reduced the performance of the engine with the multihole spray, and the performance of the multihole spray was obviously in the simulation of the triple injection strategy. However, for the conical spray, the application of the triple injection strategy increased the temperature and the pressure compared with the double injection strategy.
Detection of advanced colorectal neoplasia and relative colonoscopy workloads using quantitative faecal immunochemical tests: an observational study exploring the effects of simultaneous adjustment of both sample number and test positivity threshold
Authors: Young Graeme P , Woodman Richard J , Symonds Erin 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveWhen screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) using quantitative faecal immunochemical tests (FIT), test parameters requiring consideration are the faecal haemoglobin concentration (f-Hb) positivity cut-off and the number of stools sampled. This observational study explored variation in f-Hb between samples and the relationship between sensitivity for advanced neoplasia (AN, cancer or advanced adenoma) and colonoscopy workload across a range of independently-adjusted parameter combinations.DesignQuantitative FIT data (OC-Sensor) were accessed from individuals undergoing personalised colonoscopic screening with an offer of 2-sample FIT in the intervening years. We estimated variation in f-Hb between samples in 12 710 completing 2-sample FIT, plus test positivity rates (colonoscopy workload) and sensitivity for AN according to parameter combinations in 4037 instances where FIT was done in the year preceding colonoscopy.ResultsThere was large within-subject variability between samples, with the ratio for the second to the first sample f-Hb ranging up to 18-fold for all cases, and up to 56-fold for AN cases. Sensitivity for AN was greatest at lower f-Hb cut-offs and/or using 2-sample FIT. Colonoscopy workload varied according to how parameters were combined. Using different cut-offs for 1-sample FIT and 2-sample FIT to return similar sensitivity, workload was less with 2-sample FIT when the sensitivity goal exceeded 35%.ConclusionVariation in f-Hb between samples is such that both parameters are crucial determinants of sensitivity and workload; independent adjustment of each should be considered. The 2-sample FIT approach is best for detecting advanced adenomas as well as CRC provided that the colonoscopy workload is feasible.
Confronting power in low places: historical analysis of medical dominance and role-boundary negotiation between health professions in Nigeria
Authors: Badejo Okikiolu , Sagay Helen , Abimbola Seye , Van Belle Sara 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionInterprofessional interaction is intrinsic to health service delivery and forms the basis of task-shifting and task-sharing policies to address human resources for health challenges. But while interprofessional interaction can be collaborative, professional hierarchies and discipline-specific patterns of socialisation can result in unhealthy rivalry and conflicts which disrupt health system functioning. A better understanding of interprofessional dynamics is necessary to avoid such negative consequences. We, therefore, conducted a historical analysis of interprofessional interactions and role-boundary negotiations between health professions in Nigeria.MethodsWe conducted a review of both published and grey literature to provide historical accounts and enable policy tracing of reforms related to interprofessional interactions. We used Nancarrow and Borthwick’s typology for thematic analysis and used medical dominance and negotiated order theories to offer explanations of the conditions that facilitated or constrained interprofessional collaboration.ResultsDespite an overall context of medical dominance, we found evidence of professional power changes (dynamics) and role-boundary shifts between health professions. These shifts occurred in different directions, but shifts between professions that are at different power gradients were more likely to be non-negotiable or conflictual. Conditions that facilitated consensual role-boundary shifts included the feasibility of simultaneous upward expansion of roles for all professions and the extent to which the delegating profession was in charge of role delegation. While the introduction of new medical diagnostic technology opened up occupational vacancies which facilitated consensual role-boundary change in some cases, it constrained professional collaboration in others.ConclusionsHealth workforce governance can contribute to better functioning of health systems and voiding dysfunctional interprofessional relations if the human resource for health interventions are informed by contextual understanding (informed by comparative institutional and health systems research) of conditions that facilitate or constrain effective interprofessional collaboration.
Systematic development of an injury prevention programme for judo athletes: the IPPON intervention
Authors: von Gerhardt Amber L , Vriend Ingrid , Verhagen Evert , Tol Johannes L , Kerkhoffs Gino M M J , Reurink Guus 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo systematically develop an injury prevention programme in judo and test its feasibility: Injury Prevention and Performance Optimization Netherlands (IPPON) intervention.MethodsWe used the five-step Knowledge Transfer Scheme (KTS) guidelines. In the first two steps, we described the injury problem in judo and showed possibilities to reduce the injury rates. In the third step, the Knowledge Transfer Group (KTG) translated this information into actions in judo practice. Expert meetings and practical sessions were held. In the fourth step, we developed the injury prevention programme and evaluated its feasibility in judo practice in a pilot study. As a final step, we will evaluate the injury prevention programme on its effectiveness to reduce injuries.ResultsIn the first two steps, information collected indicated the need for reducing judo injuries due to high incidence rates. Injury prevention programmes have shown to be effective in reducing injuries in other sports. For judo, no injury prevention programme has yet been systematically developed. In the third step, the KTG reached consensus about the content: a trainer-based warm-up programme with dynamic exercises focusing on the shoulder, knee and ankle. In the fourth step, the intervention was developed. All exercises were approved in the pilot study. Based on the pilot study’s results, the IPPON intervention was extended and has become suitable for the final step.ConclusionWe developed the IPPON intervention using the systematic guidance of the KTS. This trainer-based programme focuses on the prevention of shoulder, knee and ankle injuries in judo and consists of 36 exercises classified in three categories: (1) flexibility and agility, (2) balance and coordination and (3) strength and stability. The effectiveness and feasibility of the intervention on injury reduction among judo athletes will be conducted in a randomised controlled trial.
Clinical phenotype and loss of the slow skeletal muscle troponin T in three new patients with recessive TNNT1 nemaline myopathy
Authors: Géraud Justine , Dieterich Klaus , Rendu John , Uro Coste Emmanuelle , Dobrzynski Murielle , Marcorelle Pascale , Ioos Christine , Romero Norma Beatriz , Baudou Eloise , Brocard Julie , Coville Anne-Cécile , Fauré Julien , Koenig Michel , Juntas Morales Raul , Lacène Emmanuelle , Madelaine Angéline , Marty Isabelle , Pegeot Henri , Theze Corinne , Siegfried Aurore , Cossee Mireille , Cances Claude 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundCongenital nemaline myopathies are rare pathologies characterised by muscle weakness and rod-shaped inclusions in the muscle fibres.MethodsUsing next-generation sequencing, we identified three patients with pathogenic variants in the Troponin T type 1 (TNNT1) gene, coding for the troponin T (TNT) skeletal muscle isoform.ResultsThe clinical phenotype was similar in all patients, associating hypotonia, orthopaedic deformities and progressive chronic respiratory failure, leading to early death. The anatomopathological phenotype was characterised by a disproportion in the muscle fibre size, endomysial fibrosis and nemaline rods. Molecular analyses of TNNT1 revealed a homozygous deletion of exons 8 and 9 in patient 1; a heterozygous nonsense mutation in exon 9 and retention of part of intron 4 in muscle transcripts in patient 2; and a homozygous, very early nonsense mutation in patient 3.Western blot analyses confirmed the absence of the TNT protein resulting from these mutations.DiscussionThe clinical and anatomopathological presentations of our patients reinforce the homogeneous character of the phenotype associated with recessive TNNT1 mutations. Previous studies revealed an impact of recessive variants on the tropomyosin-binding affinity of TNT. We report in our patients a complete loss of TNT protein due to open reading frame disruption or to post-translational degradation of TNT.
Visualisation of the tricuspid valve using a new 3D echocardiographic scoring system
Authors: Kücken Tanja , Tamm Sarah , Haase-Fielitz Anja , Edlinger Christoph Roland , Neuss Michael , Bannehr Marwin , Butter Christian 
Published: September 2020

With rising focus on interventional treatment of the tricuspid valve (TV), the need for good echocardiographic imaging increases. Aim of this study was to develop a scoring system describing how accurate three dimensional (3D) echocardiographic imaging of TV and its anatomical structures is.Methods and resultsIn this retrospective exploratory cohort study, we analysed data from consecutive patients undergoing transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). 3D sequences were stored using eight different views. In each view, scoring focused on visualisation of five (in TOE 6) anatomical structures with a maximum of three points per structure for excellent imaging quality. We compared the scores of patients with and without relevant tricuspid regurgitation (TR) (cut-off effective regurgitant orifice 0.4 cm² measured in two-dimensional (2D) TTE using velocity time integral and proximal isovolumetric velocity area). 108 consecutive patients were examined, 40.7% presented with relevant TR. With the exception of coaptation, a higher score was achieved for all structures in TOE than in TTE. TV ring (TVR) was easiest to visualise with TOE in four-chamber view (4 CV) (2.42±0.67 points) presenting the highest score independent of anatomical structure and view. Posterior leaflet had best imaging scores in TOE in 4 CV (2.0±0.86) compared with TTE in 4 CV (1.64±0.80), p=0.001. Patients with relevant TR had significantly better 3D imaging scores in 4 CV compared with patients without relevant TR (TTE p<0.013, TOE p<0.002).Conclusion4 CV delivers the most detailed information in TTE, whereas multiple views deliver good scores in TOE. As TVR is easiest to visualise, most of the patients would be suitable for a ring-based echocardiography-guided intervention. The score enables a standardised comparison of image quality.
Probability-based algorithm using ultrasound and additional tests for suspected GCA in a fast-track clinic
Authors: Sebastian Alwin , Tomelleri Alessandro , Kayani Abdul , Prieto-Pena Diana , Ranasinghe Chavini , Dasgupta Bhaskar 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesClinical presentations of giant cell arteritis (GCA) are protean, and it is vital to make a secure diagnosis and exclude mimics for urgent referrals with suspected GCA. The main objective was to develop a joined-up, end-to-end, fast-track confirmatory/exclusionary, algorithmic process based on a probability score triage to drive subsequent investigations with ultrasound (US) and any appropriate additional tests as required.MethodsThe algorithm was initiated by stratifying patients to low-risk category (LRC), intermediate-risk category (IRC) and high-risk category (HRC). Retrospective data was extracted from case records. The Southend pretest probability score (PTPS) overall showed a median score of 9 and a 75th percentile score of 12. We, therefore, classified LRC as PTPS <9, IRC 9–12 and HRC >12. GCA diagnosis was made by a combination of clinical, US, and laboratory findings. The algorithm was assessed in all referrals seen in 2018–2019 to test the diagnostic performance of US overall and in individual categories.ResultsOf 354 referrals, 89 had GCA with cases categorised as LRC (151), IRC (137) and HRC (66). 250 had US, whereas 104 did not (score <7, and/or high probability of alternative diagnoses). In HRC, US showed sensitivity 94%, specificity 85%, accuracy 92% and GCA prevalence 80%. In LRC, US showed sensitivity undefined (0/0), specificity 98%, accuracy 98% and GCA prevalence 0%. In IRC, US showed sensitivity 100%, specificity 97%, accuracy 98% and GCA prevalence 26%. In the total population, US showed sensitivity 97%, specificity 97% and accuracy 97%. Prevalence of GCA overall was 25%.ConclusionsThe Southend PTPS successfully stratifies fast-track clinic referrals and excludes mimics. The algorithm interprets US in context, clarifies a diagnostic approach and identifies uncertainty, need for re-evaluation and alternative tests. Test performance of US is significantly enhanced with PTPS.