bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of magnesium hydroxide as a multifunctional additive on high solar reflectance, thermal emissivity, and flame retardancy properties of PP/SEBS/oil composites
Authors: Sun Haoxuan , Qi Yanli , Zhang Jun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMagnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) as a traditional environmentally friendly flame‐retardant is widely used in polymer matrix to fabricate engineering materials. Cooling performance is important for engineering materials and can be characterized by solar reflectance and emissivity. However, solar reflectance and emissivity of Mg(OH)2 are rarely reported. In this work, cooling properties of Mg(OH)2 were investigated and the samples were prepared by blending a series weight ratios of Mg(OH)2 with polymer elastomer matrix (styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene copolymer [SEBS], polypropylene [PP], and processing oil). With the introduction of 150 phr Mg(OH)2, the solar reflectance enhanced to 47.23%, which is 31.19% higher than the polymer matrix. Simultaneously, the cooling effect of 15°C can be obtained in comparison with the polymer matrix and emissivity enhanced to 0.86. Meanwhile, an introduction of 150 phr Mg(OH)2 increased the limit oxygen index from 17 to 26 and vertical burning test (UL‐94) attained to V‐0 rating. Thermal behaviors indicate that the composites exist multiple phase structure, where the glass transition temperature of SEBS is −55°C and melt temperature of PP is 153°C. The results show the composites can be used from −30°C to 80°C and satisfy the outdoor use conditions.
Novel waterborne poly(urethane‐urea)/silica nanocomposites
Authors: Špírková Milena , Pavličević Jelena , Aguilar Costumbre Yareni , Hodan Jiří , Krejčíková Sabina , Brožová Libuše 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA series of novel transparent mechanically strong waterborne poly(urethane‐urea)/silica nanocomposites were prepared by mixing a waterborne poly(urethane‐urea) dispersion with aqueous nanosilica, followed by slow water evaporation. This procedure is simple, environmentally friendly and energetically undemanding. The silica content in the nanocomposite film varied from 0 to 50 wt%. Based on changes of tensile characteristics, for example, Young's modulus values, three types of behavior were observed: typical elastic (0‐10 wt%), plastic (30 wt%) and ceramic‐like (50 wt% silica) materials can be prepared. However, some films feature both elastic and plastic (material with 20 wt% silica) or plastic and ceramic‐like characteristics (material with 40 wt% silica). The Young's modulus varied from 6 to 705 MPa, and the maximal tensile strength and elongation‐at‐break were 17.3 MPa and 1270%, respectively. The maximum energy‐to‐break, 60 mJ mm−3, was achieved for the film containing 30 wt% silica. All these materials can potentially be used as soft‐to‐hard topcoats, depending on the specific demands.
Refinement of pairwise potentials via logistic regression to score protein‐protein interactions
Authors: Tanemura Kiyoto A. , Pei Jun , Merz Kenneth M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractProtein‐protein interactions (PPIs) are ubiquitous and functionally of great importance in biological systems. Hence, the accurate prediction of PPIs by protein‐protein docking and scoring tools is highly desirable in order to characterize their structure and biological function. Ab initio docking protocols are divided into the sampling of docking poses to produce at least one near‐native structure, and then to evaluate the vast candidate structures by scoring. Concurrent development in both sampling and scoring is crucial for the deployment of protein‐protein docking software. In the present work, we apply a machine learning model on pairwise potentials to refine the task of protein quaternary structure native structure detection among decoys. A decoy set was featurized using the Knowledge and Empirical Combined Scoring Algorithm 2 (KECSA2) pairwise potential. The highly unbalanced decoy set was then balanced using a comparison concept between native and decoy structures. The resultant comparison descriptors were used to train a logistic regression (LR) classifier. The LR model yielded the optimal performance for native detection among decoys compared with conventional scoring functions, while exhibiting lesser performance for the detection of low root mean square deviation decoy structures. Its deployment on an independent benchmark set confirms that the scoring function performs competitively relative to other scoring functions. The scripts used are available at https://github.com/TanemuraKiyoto/PPI-native-detection-via-LR.
Following moist intrusions into the Arctic using SHEBA observations in a Lagrangian perspective
Authors: Ali S. Mubashshir , Pithan Felix 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWarm and moist air masses are transported into the Arctic from lower latitudes throughout the year. Especially in winter, such moist intrusions (MIs) can trigger cloud formation and surface warming. While a typical cloudy state of the Arctic winter boundary layer has been linked to the advection of moist air masses, direct observations of the transformation from moist midlatitude to dry Arctic air are lacking. Here, we have used observations from the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) project to compile Eulerian observations along the trajectories of warm and cold air masses in a Lagrangian sense, showing the cooling and drying of air masses over sea ice and moistening over the open ocean. Air masses originating mostly over open water generate cloudy conditions over the observation site, whereas air masses originating over continents or sea ice generate radiatively clear conditions. We recommend using our case‐studies and the method of linking expeditions to station soundings via back‐trajectories for modelling work in future campaigns.
The antifibrotic adipose-derived stromal cell: Grafted fat enriched with CD74+ adipose-derived stromal cells reduces chronic radiation-induced skin fibrosis
Authors: Borrelli Mimi R. , Patel Ronak A. , Adem Sandeep , Diaz Deleon Nestor M. , Shen Abra H. , Sokol Jan , Yen Sara , Chang Erin Y. , Nazerali Rahim , Nguyen Dung , Momeni Arash , Wang Kevin C. , Longaker Michael T. , Wan Derrick C. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Fat grafting can reduce radiation-induced fibrosis. Improved outcomes are found when fat grafts are enriched with adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs), implicating ASCs as key drivers of soft tissue regeneration. We have identified a subpopulation of ASCs positive for CD74 with enhanced antifibrotic effects. Compared to CD74− and unsorted (US) ASCs, CD74+ ASCs have increased expression of hepatocyte growth factor, fibroblast growth factor 2, and transforming growth factor β3 (TGF-β3) and decreased levels of TGF-β1. Dermal fibroblasts incubated with conditioned media from CD74+ ASCs produced less collagen upon stimulation, compared to fibroblasts incubated with media from CD74− or US ASCs. Upon transplantation, fat grafts enriched with CD74+ ASCs reduced the stiffness, dermal thickness, and collagen content of overlying skin, and decreased the relative proportions of more fibrotic dermal fibroblasts. Improvements in several extracellular matrix components were also appreciated on immunofluorescent staining. Together these findings indicate CD74+ ASCs have antifibrotic qualities and may play an important role in future strategies to address fibrotic remodeling following radiation-induced fibrosis.
The contribution of systems science to Industry 4.0
Authors: Xu Li Da 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIndustrie 4.0, also called Industry 4.0, represents the current trend of manufacturing industry characterized by high level of automation, industrial integration, and industrial information integration. It mainly includes enabling technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), cyber‐physical systems (CPS), cloud computing, industrial integration, industrial information integration, and other technologies. Systems science has been emerged and well developed since the second half of the twentieth century. From 1940s until now, systems science has been called systems science, systems engineering, systems theory, cybernetics, systems analysis, systems methodology, systems approach, and systems thinking. Since its emergence, a wealth of research has produced an astonishing array of theoretical results and empirical insights, and a large suite of methods and techniques. Systems science has been continuously, widely, and successfully applied to many subjects in natural science and social sciences. This paper aims at discussing the potential contribution of systems science to Industry 4.0. As we approach the era of Fourth Industrial Revolution, this paper points out that systems science is a necessity to deal with the overwhelming systems complexity in Industry 4.0 and the surrounding industrial ecosystem.
New insights into anti-Müllerian hormone role in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis and neuroendocrine development
Authors: Silva Mauro S. B. , Giacobini Paolo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResearch into the physiological actions of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has rapidly expanded from its classical role in male sexual differentiation to the regulation of ovarian function, routine clinical use in reproductive health and potential use as a biomarker in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). During the past 10 years, the notion that AMH could act exclusively at gonadal levels has undergone another paradigm shift as several exciting studies reported unforeseen AMH actions throughout the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Gonadal (HPG) axis. In this review, we will focus on these findings reporting novel AMH actions across the HPG axis and we will discuss their potential impact and significance to better understand human reproductive disorders characterized by either developmental alterations of neuroendocrine circuits regulating fertility and/or alterations of their function in adult life. Finally, we will summarize recent preclinical studies suggesting that elevated levels of AMH may potentially be a contributing factor to the central pathophysiology of PCOS and other reproductive diseases.
Self-Adjoint Dirac Operators on Domains in $$\mathbb {R}^3$$
Authors: Behrndt Jussi , Holzmann Markus , Mas Albert 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the spectral and scattering properties of a family of self-adjoint Dirac operators in$$L^2(\Omega ; \mathbb {C}^4)$$L2(Ω;C4), where$$\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^3$$Ω⊂R3is either a bounded or an unbounded domain with a compact$$C^2$$C2-smooth boundary, are studied in a systematic way. These operators can be viewed as the natural relativistic counterpart of Laplacians with boundary conditions as of Robin type. Our approach is based on abstract boundary triple techniques from extension theory of symmetric operators and a thorough study of certain classes of (boundary) integral operators, that appear in a Krein-type resolvent formula. The analysis of the perturbation term in this formula leads to a description of the spectrum and a Birman–Schwinger principle, a qualitative understanding of the scattering properties in the case that$$\Omega $$Ωis an exterior domain, and corresponding trace formulas.
Health care needs among recently arrived refugees in Germany: a cross-sectional, epidemiological study
Authors: Nesterko Yuriy , Jäckle David , Friedrich Michael , Holzapfel Laura , Glaesmer Heide 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of the present study is to investigate current needs for physical and/or mental health treatment in recently arrived refugees’ by considering socio-demographic, flight, and mental health-related characteristics as well as different social care needs based on epidemiological data.

Methods
The study was conducted in a reception facility for asylum-seekers in Leipzig, where 569 newly arrived adult residents participated. The questionnaire included socio-demographic and flight-related questions as well as standardized instruments for assessing mental health symptoms. Logistic regression models were conducted to predict current needs for treatment of self-rated physical and mental health status.

Results
Greater numbers of traumatic events, positive screening results for at least one mental disorder, and a current need for assistance navigating the health care system were found to be significant predictors for current mental and physical health treatment needs. In addition, males are more likely to report current treatment needs for mental health symptoms.

Conclusions
Health-related characteristics do predict newly arrived refugees’ treatment needs, and socio-demographic and flight-related characteristics do not. The results provide both academia and policy makers with first implications for improving health care for refugees in need as quickly as possible.
The conditioning regime in industrial drying of Scots pine sawn timber studied by X-ray computed tomography: a case-study
Authors: Couceiro José , Hansson Lars , Sehlstedt-Persson Margot , Vikberg Tommy , Sandberg Dick 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIndustrial drying of sawn timber is a process driven by a difference in moisture content (MC) between the core and the surface as moisture moves from the wet inner region towards the drier surface. After drying, the timber surface is always drier than its core, and stresses have developed within the wood volume. If the timber is to be further processed, these stresses and the moisture gradient need to be reduced to avoid unwanted distortion, i.e. the timber needs to be conditioned. Conditioning is usually accomplished by exposing the timber to a hot and humid climate after the drying regime. The conditioning regime is essential for timber quality, and it is energy and time consuming; therefore of interest for optimisation. This research was a case study where for the first time the MC during conditioning was studied in an X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanner. The aim was to test a previously developed algorithm and investigate the influence of MC and heartwood-sapwood proportion on the effectivity of the moisture equalisation in 30 mm thick Scots pine boards. The MC was estimated from CT data acquired during the drying and conditioning of the boards in a lab-scale kiln adapted to a medical CT scanner. Results show that the algorithm can provide relevant data of internal MC distribution of sawn timber at the pixel level. Furthermore, for the drying schedules studied, the conditioning at low MC (8%) does not need to be longer than 3 h, while higher MC (18%) requires a longer conditioning.
Expectation and variance of the estimator of the maximized selection response of linear selection indices with normal distribution
Authors: Cerón-Rojas J. Jesus , Crossa Jose 
Published: June 2020

AbstractKey messageThe expectation and variance of the estimator of the maximized index selection response allow the breeders to construct confidence intervals and to complete the analysis of a selection process.AbstractThe maximized selection response and the correlation of the linear selection index (LSI) with the net genetic merit are the main criterion to compare the efficiency of any LSI. The estimator of the maximized selection response is the square root of the variance of the estimated LSI values multiplied by the selection intensity. The expectation and variance of this estimator allow the breeder to construct confidence intervals and determine the appropriate sample size to complete the analysis of a selection process. Assuming that the estimated LSI values have normal distribution, we obtained those two parameters as follows. First, with the Fourier transform, we found the distribution of the variance of the estimated LSI values, which was a Gamma distribution; therefore, the expectation and variance of this distribution were the expectation and variance of the variance of the estimated LSI values. Second, with these results, we obtained the expectation and the variance of the estimator of the selection response using the Delta method. We validated the theoretical results in the phenotypic selection context using real and simulated dataset. With the simulated dataset, we compared the LSI efficiency when the genotypic covariance matrix is knownversuswhen this matrix is estimated; the differences were not significant. We concluded that our results are valid for any LSI with normal distribution and that the method described in this work is useful for finding the expectation and variance of the estimator of any LSI response in the phenotypic or genomic selection context.
Sphingomyelin and progression of renal and coronary heart disease in individuals with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Pongrac Barlovic Drazenka , Harjutsalo Valma , Sandholm Niina , Forsblom Carol , Groop Per-Henrik ,   on behalf of the FinnDiane Study Group
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Lipid abnormalities are associated with diabetic kidney disease and CHD, although their exact role has not yet been fully explained. Sphingomyelin, the predominant sphingolipid in humans, is crucial for intact glomerular and endothelial function. Therefore, the objective of our study was to investigate whether sphingomyelin impacts kidney disease and CHD progression in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Methods
Individuals (n = 1087) from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy (FinnDiane) prospective cohort study with serum sphingomyelin measured using a proton NMR metabolomics platform were included. Kidney disease progression was defined as change in eGFR or albuminuria stratum. Data on incident end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and CHD were retrieved from national registries. HRs from Cox regression models and regression coefficients from the logistic or linear regression analyses were reported per 1 SD increase in sphingomyelin level. In addition, receiver operating curves were used to assess whether sphingomyelin improves eGFR decline prediction compared with albuminuria.

Results
During a median (IQR) 10.7 (6.4, 13.5) years of follow-up, sphingomyelin was independently associated with the fastest eGFR decline (lowest 25%; median [IQR] for eGFR change: <−4.4 [−6.8, −3.1] ml min−1 [1.73 m−2] year−1), even after adjustment for classical lipid variables such as HDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerols (OR [95% CI]: 1.36 [1.15, 1.61], p < 0.001). Similarly, sphingomyelin increased the risk of progression to ESRD (HR [95% CI]: 1.53 [1.19, 1.97], p = 0.001). Moreover, sphingomyelin increased the risk of CHD (HR [95% CI]: 1.24 [1.01, 1.52], p = 0.038). However, sphingomyelin did not perform better than albuminuria in the prediction of eGFR decline.

Conclusions/interpretation
This study demonstrates for the first time in a prospective setting that sphingomyelin is associated with the fastest eGFR decline and progression to ESRD in type 1 diabetes. In addition, sphingomyelin is a risk factor for CHD. These data suggest that high sphingomyelin level, independently of classical lipid risk factors, may contribute not only to the initiation and progression of kidney disease but also to CHD.
A Unified Model for Stress-Driven Rearrangement Instabilities
Authors: Kholmatov Shokhrukh Yu. , Piovano Paolo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA variational model to simultaneously treat Stress-Driven Rearrangement Instabilities, such as boundary discontinuities, internal cracks, external filaments, edge delamination, wetting, and brittle fractures, is introduced. The model is characterized by an energy displaying both elastic and surface terms, and allows for a unified treatment of a wide range of settings, from epitaxially-strained thin films to crystalline cavities, and from capillarity problems to fracture models. The existence of minimizing configurations is established by adopting the direct method of the Calculus of Variations. The compactness of energy-equibounded sequences and energy lower semicontinuity are shown with respect to a proper selected topology in a class of admissible configurations that extends the classes previously considered in the literature. In particular, graph-like constraints previously considered for the setting of thin films and crystalline cavities are substituted by the more general assumption that the free crystalline interface is the boundary, consisting of an at most fixed finite numbermof connected components, of sets of finite perimeter. Finally, it is shown that, as$$m\rightarrow \infty $$m→∞, the energy of minimal admissible configurations tends to the minimum energy in the general class of configurations without the bound on the number of connected components for the free interface.
A survey about label enhancement methods for parenteral medication in European hospital pharmacies
Authors: Larmené-Beld K. H. M. , Keers R. N. , Taxis K. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Unclear labeling has been recognized as an important cause of look-alike medication errors. Little is known about which labeling practices are currently used in European hospitals. The aim of this article is to obtain an overview of the labeling practices for parenteral medications, in relation to national guidelines, in the Netherlands, Germany, and the UK.

Methods
An online survey was conducted using the Qualtrics® software. The survey was distributed to hospital pharmacists in the Netherlands, Germany, and the UK. The results were downloaded from Qualtrics and exported to Microsoft Excel. Data were categorized into groups and analyzed descriptively.

Results
In total, 104 responses were received. The response rate was 63% (n = 48) in the Netherlands and 11% (n = 41) for Germany; for the UK, 15 responses were received. In general almost 90% of the respondents followed the National guidelines concerning labeling of pharmacy-prepared parenteral products. The use of label enhancement techniques was relatively low in all countries. On average, the use of “Tall Man” lettering was 19%, the use of color coding was 29%, and the use of a barcode on the label was 27%.

Conclusion
Label-enhancement methods for parenteral medication in hospital pharmacies do not seem to be widely implemented and acknowledged in European hospitals, but response rates were limited for two countries. Greater standardization in conjunction with research for evidence-based enhancement techniques is needed to guide improvement in labeling practices across Europe.
Specific amino acid patterns define split specificities of HLA-B15 antigens enabling conversion from DNA-based typing to serological equivalents
Authors: Duygu Burcu , Matern Benedict M. , Wieten Lotte , Voorter Christina E.M. , Tilanus Marcel G.J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe HLA-B15 typing by serological approaches defined the serological subgroups (or splits) B62, B63, B75, B76, B77 and B70 (B71 and B72). The scarcity of sera with specific anti-HLA antibodies makes the serological typing method difficult to discriminate a high variety of HLA antigens, especially between the B15 antigen subgroups. Advancements in DNA-based technologies have led to a switch from serological typing to high-resolution DNA typing methods. DNA sequencing techniques assign B15 specificity to all alleles in the HLA-B*15 allele group, without distinction of the serological split equivalents. However, the presence of antibodies in the patient defined as split B15 antigens urges the identification of HLA-B*15 allele subtypes of the donor, since the presence of donor-specific antibodies is an important contraindication for organ transplantation. Although the HLA dictionary comprises information regarding the serological subtypes of HLA alleles, there are currently 394 B15 antigens out of 516 in the IPD-IMGT/HLA database (3.38.0) without any assigned serological subtype. In this regard, we aimed to identify specific amino acid patterns for each B*15 serological split, in order to facilitate the assignment of B*15 alleles to serological equivalents after high-resolution molecular typing. As a result, serological specificities of 372/394 not yet assigned alleles could be predicted based on amino acid motifs. Furthermore, two new serological types were identified and added, B62-Bw4 and B71-Bw4.