bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface Modified β-Tricalcium Phosphate Enhanced Stem Cell Osteogenic Differentiation in Vitro and Bone Regeneration in Vivo
Authors: Choy Cheuk Sing , Lee Wei Fang , Lin Pei Ying , Wu Yi-Fan , Huang Haw-Ming , Teng Nai-Chia , Pan Yu-Hwa , Salamanca Eisner , Chang Wei-Jen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies had demonstrated Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) biocompatibility, bioactivity, and osteoconductivity in bone regeneration. The present research aimed to enhance β-TCP's biocompatibility and physical and chemical properties by argon plasma surface treatment without surface modification. Treated β-TCP characterization was done by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterization. The viability of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and osteoblastic differentiation were determined by water-soluble tetrazolium salts-1 (WST-1), immunofluorescence, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results indicated a slight enhancement of the β-TCP by argon glow discharge plasma (GDP) sputtering, which resulted in a higher Ca/P ratio (2.05) than the control. Furthermore, when compared withcontrol β-TCP, we observed an improvement of WST-1 on all days (p < 0.05) as well as of ALP activity (day 7, p < 0.05), with up-regulation of ALP, osteocalcin, and Osteoprotegerin osteogenic genes in cells cultured with the β-TCP test. XPS and SEM analyses indicated treated β-TCP’s surface was not modified when impurities were removed. In vivo, micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analysis indicated that the β-TCP test managed to regenerate more new bone than the β-TCP control and was able to control defects at 8 weeks (p < 0.05). Argon GDP treatment is a viable method for removing macro and micro particles of <7 μm in size from β-TCP bigger particles surfaces while improving its biocompatibility with slight surface roughness modification, enhancing hMSCs proliferation, osteoblastic differentiation, and stimulating more new bone formation.
Specific and Rapid Reverse Assaying Protocol for Detection and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa based on Bacteriophage Tail Fiber Protein and Magainin II Recognition
Authors: He Yong , Zhao Hang , Liu Yuanwen , Zhou He 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The worldwide emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance are accelerated by irrational administration and use of empiric antibiotic. A key point to the crisis is lack of rapid diagnostic protocol to antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for timely and rational antibiotic prescription. Here, bacteriophage tail fiber protein (TFP) recombined in Escherichia coli expression system was functionalized on magnetic particles (MPs) to specifically capture P. aeruginosa, and FITC-labeled-magainin II was utilized as the indicator. For solving the MPs’ blocking effects, a reverse assaying protocol (RAP) based on TFP recognition was investigated the feasibility of detection and AST of P. aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa detection can be rapidly, sensitively and specifically detected within 1.5 h with a linear range of 1.0 × 102 to 1.0 × 106 CFU⋅mL− 1 and a detection limit of 3.3 × 10 CFU⋅mL− 1. Subsequently, the results of AST which was consistent in the results of broth dilution can be obtained within 3.5 h. Due to the high specificity of TFP, the AST can actually be conducted without the requirement of bacterial isolation and identification by this RAP. Based on the proof-of-principle work, the detection and AST of other pathogens can be extended by expressing the TFP of their bacteriophages.
TBX15/miR-152/KIF2C Pathway Regulates Breast Cancer Doxorubicin Resistance via Preventing PKM2 Ubiquitination
Authors: Jiang Cheng-Fei , Xie Yun-Xia , Qian Ying-Chen , Wang Min , Liu Ling-Zhi , Shu Yong-Qian , Bai Xiao-Ming , Jiang Bing-Hua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundChemoresistance is a critical risk problem for breast cancer treatment. However, mechanisms by which chemoresistance arises remains to be elucidated. The expression of T-box transcription factor 15 (TBX-15) was found downregulated in some cancer tissues. However, role and mechanism of TBX15 in breast cancer chemoresistance is unknown. Here we aimed to identify the effects and mechanisms of TBX15 in doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer.MethodsAs measures of Drug sensitivity analysis, MTT and IC50 assays were used in DOX-resistant breast cancer cells. ECAR and OCR assays were used to analyze the glycolysis level, while Immunoblotting and Immunofluorescence assays were used to analyze the autophagy levels in vitro. By using online prediction software, luciferase reporter assays, co-Immunoprecipitation, Western blotting analysis and experimental animals models, we further elucidated the mechanisms.ResultsWe found TBX15 expression levels were decreased in Doxorubicin (DOX)-resistant breast cancer cells. Overexpression of TBX15 reversed the DOX resistance by inducing microRNA-152 (miR-152) expression. We found that KIF2C levels were highly expressed in DOX-resistant breast cancer tissues and cells, and KIF2C was a potential target of miR-152. TBX15 and miR-152 overexpression suppressed autophagy and glycolysis in breast cancer cells, while KIF2C overexpression reversed the process. Overexpression of KIF2C increased DOX resistance in cancer cells. Furthermore, KIF2C directly binds with PKM2 for inducing the DOX resistance. KIF2C can prevent the ubiquitination of PKM2 and increase its protein stability. In addition, we further identified that Domain-2 of KIF2C played a major role in the binding with PKM2 and preventing PKM2 ubiquitination, which enhanced DOX resistance by promoting autophagy and glycolysis. ConclusionsOur data identify a new mechanism by which TBX15 abolishes DOX chemoresistance in breast cancer, and suggest that TBX15/miR-152/KIF2C axis is a novel signaling pathway for mediating DOX resistance in breast cancer through regulating PKM2 ubiquitination and the enhancement of PKM2 stability. This finding suggests new therapeutic target and/or novel strategy development for cancer treatment to overcome drug resistance in the future.
Multiview Deconvolution Two-photon Laser Scanning Microscopy
Authors: Kapsokalyvas Dimitrios , Rosas Rodrigo , Janssen Rob , Vanoevelen Jo , Strauch Martin , Merhof Dorit , Zandvoort Marc van , Nabben Miranda 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Imaging in three dimensions is necessary for thick tissues and small organisms. This is possible with tomographic optical microscopy techniques such as confocal, two-photon and light sheet microscopy. All these techniques suffer from anisotropic resolution and limited penetration depth. In the past, Multiview microscopy - imaging the sample from different angles followed by 3D image reconstruction - was developed to address this issue for light sheet microscopy based on fluorescence signal. In this study we applied this methodology to accomplish Multiview imaging with two-photon microscopy based on fluorescence and additionally second harmonic signal from myosin and collagen. It was shown that isotropic resolution was achieved, the entirety of the sample was visualized, and interference artifacts were suppressed allowing clear visualization of collagen fibrils and myofibrils. This method can be applied to any scanning microscopy technique without microscope modifications. It can be used for imaging tissue and whole mount small organisms such as heart tissue, and zebrafish larva in 3D, label-free or stained, with at least 3-fold axial resolution improvement which can be significant for the accurate quantification of small 3D structures.
Investigation of Water Bonding Status of Normal and Psoriatic Skin in Vivo Using Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy
Authors: Yang Chao-Chun , Yen Yun-Yo , Hsu Chao-Kai , Cheng Nan-Yu , Tzeng Shih-Yu , Chou Shih-Jay , Chang Jun-Ming , Tseng Sheng-Hao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Psoriasis affects more than 125 million people worldwide, and the diagnosis and treatment efficacy evaluation of the disease mainly rely on clinical assessments that could be subjective. Our previous study showed that the skin erythema level could be quantified using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and the hemoglobin concentration of most psoriatic lesion was higher than that of its adjacent uninvolved skin. While the compromised epidermal barrier function has been taken as the major cause of clinical manifestation of skin dryness and inflammation of psoriasis, very few methods can be used to effectively evaluate this function. In this study, we investigate the near infrared spectroscopic features of psoriatic (n = 21) and normal (n = 21) skin that could link to the epidermal barrier function. From the DRS measurements, it was found that the water bonding status and light scattering properties of psoriasis are significantly different from those of uninvolved or normal skin. The connection between these parameters to the epidermal barrier function and morphology will be discussed. Our results suggest that objective evaluation of epidermal barrier function of psoriasis could be achieved using a simple DRS system.
Analysis of Cooperative Approaches and Sustainable Development Mechanism: Fundamental Contents and Implementation Framework
Authors: DENG Huangwei , SU Ying , LIAO Zhenliang , WU Jiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundTo slow down climate warming and achieve sustainable development, the Paris Agreement establishes Cooperative Approaches (CAs) and Sustainable Development Mechanism (SDM) for carbon trading. However, deficiencies in implementation exist due to a lack of systematic execution regulations and an integrated management system. The study's primary purpose is to propose a proposal of effective implementation of CAs and SDM for alleviating global warming. Based on international regime theory in global climate change and the nine elements of the market mechanism, the article analyzes the type of mechanism, coverage of the system, operational framework, and governance framework of CAs and SDM. The paper combines the operational framework with the governance framework to form an implementation framework of CAs and SDM, developing the nine elements of the market mechanism.ResultsCAs are considered as project-based and quota-/ credit-based carbon market mechanisms. Under CAs, trading units should be authorized at the international-regional/ sub-regional level. CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6, and NF3 shall be covered and function as subject matters. The unit of CO2-eq shall account for them. CAs can transfer verified ITMOs through bilateral/ multilateral cooperation agreements or ITMOs information disclosure platform. The governance of CAs shall keep up with both international and regional/ sub-regional rules and regulations.SDM is an industry-based and credit-based carbon market framework. Under SDM, trading units should be authorized at the international level. CO2, CH4, N2O, and PFCs work in SDM as subject matters. The unit of gases shall be CO2-eq. SDM is designed to transfer carbon reductions via an industry-level platform. A fully-centralized scenario is suggested as the governance model of SDM.ConclusionsThis study proposes the rules and implementation framework of CAs and SDM, which can work as a guideline for the early implementation stage of CAs and SDM. The implementation framework of CAs ought to follow three stages: project preparation, project submission & auditing, and Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes (ITMOs) transfer. The implementation framework of SDM ought to contain three phases: project development & review, project implementation & monitoring, and project acceptance & unit transfer.
Compensation&nbsp;Capacity of The Living-Related Donor’s Remnant Kidney and Recipient’s Transplanted Kidney
Authors: Huang Xin , Ma Binbin , Lin Wenhao , Shao Kun , An Huimin , Dai Jun , Xu Danfeng , Zhou Peijun , Zhao Juping 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Compensatory renal growth following nephrectomy is common. We try to explore the compensatory capacity of the living-related donor’s remnant kidney and recipient’s transplanted kidney in terms of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) one month after transplantation. Methods: Clinical data of 94 patients who received living-related kidney transplantation in our hospital between June 2007 and December 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. GFR was calculated by 99mTc-DTPA detection. The GFR compensatory capacity of donor’s remnant and donated kidneys in their new milieus after transplantation was compared. The differential value (D-value) of split renal function was defined as postoperative GFR - preoperative ipsilateral GFR. The compensatory percentage (C-percentage) of split renal function was defined as (postoperative GFR - preoperative ipsilateral GFR)/preoperative ipsilateral GFR. Results: The median D-value of the donor’s remnant kidney increased by 20.8 ml/(min·1.73m2)[IQR=8.9-29.6 ml/(min·1.73m2)] with a C-percentage of 46.6% (IQR=17.0%-73.0%). The median D-value of the donated kidney increased by 30.6 ml/(min·1.73m2)[IQR=19.8-42.3 ml/(min·1.73m2)] with a C-percentage of 67.8% (IQR=39.6%-94.7%). Multivariable analysis showed that only split preoperative GFR in the donor was the independent predictor for C-percentage of the split kidney. Conclusions: Renal function could be well preserved and compensated after kidney donation in most donors and recipients in Chinese population. Healthy donors with a good GFR before operation possessed a mighty functional compensation capacity.
ALAD Expression and Prognostic Value in Multiple Human Cancers: A Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Chen Quan , Jiang Chao , Li Jing , Li Pei Qiong , Yin Ye Kui , Liu Qing Nan , Zhao Xiaohui 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) is a kind of metalloenzyme, which can catalyze δ-aminolevulinic acid to synthesize bilirubin. However, the expression level, prognostic role, biological function and mechanism of action of ALAD in a variety of human tumors are still not clear.Methods: GEPIA Online (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn) website was used for mRNA analysis of ALAD in multiple human solid tumors. NCBI/GEO database and UALCAN website (http://ualcan.path.uab.edu) were used to analyze the ALAD mRNA expression in breast cancer and lung cancer. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis from HPA database was used to detect the protein expression of ALAD in different human tumors. Kaplan-Meier plotter database (http://kmplot.com/analy sis/) was used to evaluate the prognostic value of ALAD expression in different human tumors. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) pathway analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis were used for ALAD enrichment analysis and signal pathway analysis.Results: Analyzed by GEPIA, UALCAN online website and GEO analysis in multiple human tumors, the results showed that ALAD mRNA expression is significantly down-regulated and positively correlated with the overall survival (OS) time of different cancer patients. Besides, the expression of ALAD protein is always none or low in multiple solid tumors. In addition, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis suggested that ALAD may play an anti-tumor role in many directions, and GSEA further found that the overexpression of ALAD is negatively correlated with cell cycle signal pathway and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway. Conclusions: In conclusion, our study demonstrated for the ﬁrst time that ALAD is downregulated in multiple human cancers and ALAD low expression is associated with worse overall survival of different cancer patients. Furthermore, we showed that ALAD low expression is associated with tumor cell cycle process and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. ALAD may be a valuable prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target of multiple human tumors.
Determining Threshold Value on Information Gain Feature Selection to Increase Speed and Prediction Accuracy of Random Forest
Authors: Prasetiyowati Maria Irmina , Maulidevi Nur Ulfa , Surendro Kridanto 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Feature selection is a preprocessing technique aims to remove the unnecessary features and speed up the algorithm's work process. One of the feature selection techniques is by calculating the information gain value of each feature in a dataset. From the information gain value obtained, then the determined threshold value will be used to make feature selection. Generally, the threshold value is used freely, or using a value of 0.05. This study proposed the determination of the threshold value using the standard deviation of the information gain value generated by each feature in the dataset. The determination of this threshold value was tested on ten original datasets and datasets that had been transformed by FFT and IFFT, then classified using Random Forest. The results of the average value of accuracy and the average time required from the Random Forest classification using the proposed threshold value are better compared to the results of feature selection with a threshold value of 0.05 and the Correlation-Base Feature Selection algorithm. Likewise, the result of the average accuracy value of the proposed threshold using a transformed dataset in terms are better than the threshold value of 0.05 and the Correlation-Base Feature Selection algorithm. However, the calculation results for the average time required are higher (slower).
NR4A3 and CCL20 Clusters Dominate the Dynamic Gene Network of Peripheral CD146+ Blood Cells in the Early Stage of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Human.
Authors: Wang Yanhui , Li Chenxin , Stephenson Jessica M , Marrelli Sean P , Kou Yanming , Meng Dazhi , Wu Ting 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: CD146 is a tight junction associated molecule involved in maintaining endothelial barrier and balancing immune-inflammation response in cardiovascular disease. Notably, the peripheral CD146+ cells significantly upsurge under vessel dyshomeostasis like acute myocardial injury (AMI), appearing to be promising therapeutic targets. In this study, in a new view of gene correlation, we aim at deciphering the underlying complex mechanism of CD146+ cells in the development of AMI. Methods: Transcription dataset GSE 66360 of CD146+ blood cells from clinical subjects were downloaded from NCBI. Pearson networks were constructed and the clustering coefficients were calculated to disclose the differential connectivity genes (DCGs). Analysis of gene connectivity and gene expression was performed to reveal the hub genes and hub genes clusters followed by gene enrichment analysis. Results and Conclusions: Among the total 23520 genes, 27 genes out of 126 differential expression genes are identified as DCGs. Those DCGs normally stay in the peripheral of networks while transfer to the functional central position under AMI situation. Moreover, it is revealed that DCGs spontaneously crowd together into two functional models, CCL20 cluster and NR4A3 cluster, influencing the CD146-mediated signaling pathways during the pathology of AMI for the first time.
Effect of First-Line Biologic Initiation on Glucocorticoid Exposure Initiation in Children Hospitalized with New-Onset Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Emulation of a Pragmatic Trial Using Observational Data
Authors: Peterson Rosemary , Xiao Rui , Katcoff Hannah , Fisher Brian , Weiss Pamela 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Glucocorticoid exposure is a significant driver of morbidity in children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA). We determined the effect of early initiation of biologic therapy (IL-1 or IL-6 inhibition) on glucocorticoid exposure in hospitalized patients with new-onset sJIA. Methods: We emulated a pragmatic sequence of trials (“pseudo-trials”) of biologic initiation in children (≤ 18 years) hospitalized with new-onset sJIA utilizing retrospective data from an administrative database from 52 tertiary care children’s hospitals from 2008-2019. Eligibility window, treatment assignment and start of follow-up between biologic and non-biologic study arms were aligned for each pseudo-trial. Patients in the source population could meet eligibility criteria at several timepoints. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to determine the effect of biologic initiation on in-hospital glucocorticoid exposure. Results: 468 children met eligibility criteria, of which 19% received biologic therapy without preceding or concomitant initiation of immunomodulatory medications. This proportion significantly increased over time during the study period (p < 0.01). 1451 trial subjects were included across 4 pseudo-trials with 71 assigned to the biologic arm and 1409 assigned to the non-biologic arm. After adjustment, there was a trend toward decreased odds of glucocorticoid initiation in the biologic arm compared to the non-biologic arm (OR 0.39, 95% CI [0.13, 1.15]). Conclusion: Biologic initiation in children hospitalized with new-onset sJIA significantly increased over time and may be associated with reduced glucocorticoid exposure. The increasing use of first-line biologic therapy may lead to clinically relevant reductions in treatment-related adverse effects of glucocorticoid-reliant therapeutic approaches.
Chorionic Villous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived Exosomes Deliver miR-135b-5p to Trophoblasts, Promoting their Proliferation and Invasion by Targeting TXNIP via β-Catenin Pathway
Authors: Chu Yijing , Zhang Yan , Gao Guoqiang , Zhou Jun , Lv Yang , Zhang Ning , Li Jing , Liu Ling , Tan Ping , Wang Xiaofei , Yao Ke , Liu Chong , Zhou Huansheng , Li Min , Zhao Min , Yang Han , Hu Xiaoyu , Wang Yan , Ye Yuanhua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Human chorionic villous mesenchymal stem cells (CV-MSCs) are found to be a promising and effective treatment for tissue injury. Trophoblast dysfunction during pregnancies is significantly involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE). This work was to understand how CV-MSCs regulated trophoblast function. Methods: In this study, we treated trophoblasts with CV-MSC-derived exosomes and RNA-seq analysis was used to understand the changes in trophoblasts. We examined the levels of TXNIP and β-catenin in trophoblasts by immunohistochemistry, western blot and qRT-PCR assays. Luciferase reporter assays and qRT-PCR assays were used to understand the role of miR135b-5p in the effects of CV-MSC-derived exosomes. The growth and invasion of trophoblasts was evaluated with the CCK-8 and transwell assays. Results: The treatment markedly enhanced the trophoblast proliferation and invasion. Furthermore, a significant decrease of TXNIP expression and inactivation of the β-catenin pathway in CV-MSCs exosomes-treated trophoblasts was observed. Consistent with these findings, TXNIP inhibition exhibited the same effect of promoting trophoblast proliferation and invasion as induced by CV-MSC-derived exosomes, also with the accompaniment of inactivation of β-catenin pathway. In addition, overexpression of TXNIP activated the β-catenin pathway in trophoblasts, and reduced the proliferation and invasion of trophoblasts. Importantly, miR135b-5p was found to be highly expressed in CV-MSC exosomes and interact with TXNIP. The miR-135b-5p overexpression significantly elevated the proliferation and invasion of trophoblasts, which could be attenuated by TXNIP overexpression. Conclusion: Our results suggest that TXNIP-dependent β-catenin pathway inactivation mediated by miR135b-5p which is delivered by CV-MSC-derived exosomes could promote the proliferation and invasion of trophoblasts.