bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel “After Minoxidil” spray improves topical minoxidil compliance and hair style manageability
Authors: Kovacevic Maja , McCoy John , Shapiro Jerry , Sinclair Rodney , Vaño‐Galvan Sergio , Goldust Mohamad , Situm Mirna , Goren Andy 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundTopical minoxidil is the only US FDA‐approved drug for the treatment of female pattern hair loss (FPHL). While the safety profile of topical minoxidil is excellent, the efficacy of minoxidil in hair growth is extremely low. A recent survey of 8000 people observed that only 4% of hair loss patients using an over‐the‐counter minoxidil were very satisfied with their results. In contrast, in clinical studies with an intervening physician, approximately 30%‐40% of patients demonstrate an appreciable benefit. Compliance with topical drug regimens is often a major obstacle, limiting their effectiveness. Topical minoxidil leaves a greasy residue on the hair, which is especially problematic for women who do not wash their hair daily.AimsWe set out to develop an “After Minoxidil” companion spray to minoxidil that removes residual minoxidil from the hair, where it is not needed, yet leaves minoxidil on the scalp where it is required. We hypothesized that improving the cosmetic properties of minoxidil would improve patient compliance with the drug and subsequently improve clinical outcomes.MethodsA cohort of 20 FPHL patients was recruited to use the novel “After Minoxidil” spray and report changes in hair quality on a Likert scale.ResultsIn our cohort of FPHL patients, the novel “After Minoxidil” spray restored ease of styling and reduced greasiness to preminoxidil level in 65% and 85% of subjects, respectively. The average reduction in perceived greasiness was 78%. Importantly, 70% of subjects interviewed stated they would likely continue to use the minoxidil and “After Minoxidil” treatment regimen for 6 months, vs 0% willing to use minoxidil alone.ConclusionThe novel “After Minoxidil” spray improved ease of hair styling and reduced greasiness following application of topical minoxidil; thus, the novel “After Minoxidil” spray may help improve drug compliance and efficacy.
Quality control of retinoids in commercial cosmetic products
Authors: Temova Rakuša Žane , Škufca Petja , Kristl Albin , Roškar Robert 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundRetinoids are widely used in different cosmetic products because of general improvement of skin appearance. However, retinoid concentration in cosmetics is restricted, and one particular form–retinoic acid, is banned in cosmetics due to safety reasons.AimsWithin this study, we aimed to examine the quality of a considerable number of commercial retinoid cosmetic products in terms of their content and labeling, including also screening for the presence of retinoic acid.MethodsAn appropriate analytical methodology, based on HPLC‐UV for the simultaneous determination of common retinoids, along with a screening method for retinoic acid, was developed and validated. Structural identity confirmation of the newer retinoid–hydroxypinacolone retinoate, was performed by LC‐MS.ResultsRetinol and retinyl palmitate were most often found, in concentrations mostly below 0.3%, and up to 1.3% retinol equivalents. Determined contents deviated significantly from the quantitatively declared ones in seven products (0%‐130%). In more than half of the tested products, inconsistencies between the contained and labeled retinoid were noticed. These products, as well as 14 additional anti‐age cosmetics, were screened for retinoic acid, which was detected in two products.ConclusionsThe obtained results from retinoids assay in commercial cosmetic products confirmed that the proposed method is appropriate for their routine analysis. The presence of retinoic acid in two products and determined retinoid contents above the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety recommendations in 20% of the tested cosmetics reveal the need for their more strict regulation and quality control to ensure their efficacy and safety.
A Delphi study to identify content for a new questionnaire based on the 10 Principles of Dignity in Care
Authors: Heuzenroeder Louise , Ibrahim Faizal , Khadka Jyoti , Woodman Richard , Kitson Alison 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAim and ObjectiveTo generate content for a new questionnaire, based on the 10 Principles of Dignity in Care.BackgroundOlder people in hospital are vulnerable and at risk of harm, including indignity. The 10 Principles of Dignity in Care, which undergird the United Kingdom's Dignity in Care Campaign, have been used to promote dignified care for older people in hospital. A 2006 recommendation of the campaign was to survey people on their experiences of dignity in care. To undertake such a survey, a questionnaire based on the 10 Principles of Dignity is required.DesignQualitative methods based on a modified Delphi technique, assessed against the CREDES checklist.MethodsA Delphi panel of experts was convened that included: consumers, carers, clinicians, academics, policy experts and representatives from the National Dignity Council in the UK, Aboriginal people and people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds.ResultsFifty‐seven experts consented to participate, over the three rounds of Delphi panel deliberations (response rate: R1 n = 49, R2 n = 47 and R3 n = 44). The Delphi panellists were asked to rank, rewrite, relocate or remove items and suggest additional items, under each of the 10 Principles of Dignity in Care. The initial list of 93 items, generated from a review of the literature, existing questionnaires and drafted by the authors, was reduced to 87 items in Round 2 and 69 items in Round 3.ConclusionsA panel of experts were able to determine, based on their own judgement, and through consensus, the 69‐items and response categories to be included in the patient and carer versions of the Dignity in Care questionnaire, to progress to a pilot study.
Somatosensory and psychosocial profile of patients with painful temporomandibular joint clicking
Authors: Poluha Rodrigo Lorenzi , De la Torre Canales Giancarlo , Bonjardim Leonardo Rigoldi , Conti Paulo César Rodrigues 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundDetermining the somatosensory and psychosocial profile of patients with painful temporomandibular joint (TMJ) clicking can help to understand the pain mechanisms in cases of TMJ clicking.ObjectiveTo characterise the somatosensory and psychosocial profile of patients with painful TMJ clicking when compared to patients with painless TMJ clicking and healthy control group.MethodsSomatosensory and psychosocial functions were assessed in 90 individuals: patients with painful TMJ clicking (n = 30); patients with painless TMJ clicking (n = 30); and healthy controls (n = 30). Somatosensory profile included: mechanical pain threshold (MPT); wind‐up ratio (WUR); pressure pain threshold (PPT); and conditioned pain modulation (CPM). Psychosocial profile included some questionnaires: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); Pain Vigilance‐Awareness Questionnaire (PVAQ); Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS); Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK); Perceived Stress (PSS); and State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). All variables were compared among all groups.ResultsHigher values of MPT and WUR; lower PPT; less efficient CPM; and higher scores of PSQI, PVAQ, PCS, and TSK were found in patients with painful TMJ clicking when compared to the other two groups (P < .001). Patients with painless TMJ clicking showed lower PPT and higher scores of PVAQ and TKS than the healthy control group. PSS and STAI data had no differences.ConclusionPatients with painful TMJ clicking had abnormalities in the somatosensory profile, with a significant somatosensory gain of function (more sensitive) to mechanical pain tests and less efficient CPM. Poor sleep quality along with higher levels of hypervigilance, pain catastrophising, and kinesiophobia were features of psychosocial profile of these patients.
Insomnia as a mediating therapeutic target for depressive symptoms: A sub‐analysis of participant data from two large randomized controlled trials of a digital sleep intervention
Authors: Henry Alasdair L. , Miller Christopher B. , Emsley Richard , Sheaves Bryony , Freeman Daniel , Luik Annemarie I. , Littlewood Donna L. , Saunders Kate E. A. , Kanady Jennifer C. , Carl Jenna R. , Davis Michelle L. , Kyle Simon D. , Espie Colin A. 
Published: August 2020

SummaryInsomnia predicts the onset of depression, commonly co‐presents with depression and often persists following depression remission. However, these conditions can be challenging to treat concurrently using depression‐specific therapies. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia may be an appropriate treatment to improve both insomnia and depressive symptoms. We examined the effects of a fully‐automated digital cognitive behavioural therapy intervention for insomnia (Sleepio) on insomnia and depressive symptoms, and the mediating role of sleep improvement on depressive symptoms in participants from two randomized controlled trials of digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia. We also explored potential moderators of intervention effects. All participants met criteria for probable insomnia disorder and had clinically significant depressive symptomatology (PHQ‐9 ≥ 10; n = 3,352). Individuals allocated to treatment in both trials were provided access to digital cognitive behavioural therapy. Digital cognitive behavioural therapy significantly improved insomnia (p < .001; g = 0.76) and depressive symptoms (p < .001; g = 0.48) at post‐intervention (weeks 8–10), and increased the odds (OR = 2.9; 95% CI = 2.34, 3.65) of clinically significant improvement in depressive symptoms (PHQ‐9 < 10). Improvements in insomnia symptoms at mid‐intervention mediated 87% of the effects on depressive symptoms at post‐intervention. No variables moderated effectiveness outcomes, suggesting generalizability of these findings. Our results suggest that effects of digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia extend to depressive symptoms in those with clinically significant depressive symptomatology. Insomnia may, therefore, be an important therapeutic target to assist management of depressive symptoms.
Pilot study using the ECHO model to enhance linkage to care for patients with hepatitis C in the custodial setting
Authors: Mendizabal Manuel , Testa Pablo , Rojas Mercedes , Colaci Carla S. , Elías Solana , Nicolini Paula , Olguín Soledad , Dunn Carolina , Ronchi Claudio , Barreiro Mariano , Zirpoli Mercedes , Piñero Federico , Arora Sanjeev , O´Flaherty Martín , Rubinstein Fernando , Silva Marcelo O ,   the Latin American Liver Research, Educational, Awareness Network (LALREAN)
Published: August 2020

AbstractPrisoners in most countries have a higher prevalence of HCV than the general population, but their access to treatment is very limited. Our aim was to evaluate a pilot programme using the ECHO model to enhance linkage to care in patients with HCV in 3 Argentinean prisons between October 2018 and January 2020. All inmates were invited to participate, and data were collected through a personal interview. We then estimated HCV prevalence with dried blood spot and performed a logistic regression analysis to identify risk behaviours associated with HCV infection. Finally, HCV management was assessed and monitored through ECHO. Overall, 1141 inmates agreed to participate, representing 39.7% of the total prison population. Anti‐HCV prevalence was estimated at 1.58% (CI 0.93; 2.48), being significantly higher in women 2.98% (CI 1.4;5.6) than in men 1.07% (CI 0.5; 2.0); P = .03. Patients with anti‐HCV were significantly older than those who tested negative, 42.3 years (CI 37.6;47.1) vs 30.1 years (CI 30.6;31.2), P < .001, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis, identified age OR 1.07 (CI 1.03;1.12, P = .001), history of sexually transmitted disease OR 3.08 (CI 0.97;9.82, P = .057) and intravenous drug use OR 12.6 (CI 3.31;48.53, P < .001) as risk factors associated with anti‐HCV. Treatment was initiated in all the patients with specialist physician support utilizing ECHO model. In conclusion, our pilot study reported a low prevalence of anti‐HCV in the studied population. Incarceration provides an ideal opportunity for testing and treating HCV. ECHO model arises as a useful tool to support assessment and treatment for inmates with chronic HCV.
Hepatitis delta virus propagation enabled by hepatitis C virus—Scientifically intriguing, but is it relevant to clinical practice?
Authors: Pflüger Lisa Sophie , Schulze zur Wiesch Julian , Polywka Susanne , Lütgehetmann Marc 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn vitro cell culture experiments and animal models have demonstrated that hepatitis delta virus (HDV) can theoretically propagate being enveloped by human pathogenic viruses other than hepatitis B virus (HBV), namely hepatitis C virus (HCV) and dengue virus. However, the clinical relevance of these findings and whether HDV replication occurs in real‐world hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)–negative HCV patient cohorts remain unknown. To this aim, we analysed 323 HCV‐RNA–positive and HBsAg‐negative sera for the presence of HDV‐RNA and anti‐HDV antibodies (anti‐HDV). All 323 (100%) samples were negative for HDV‐RNA. Interestingly, 8/316 samples tested positive for anti‐HDV. The HBV serology of these eight patients showed a positive result for HBV core antibodies (anti‐HBc) indicating a seroconversion of an acute HBV infection in the past. None of the anti‐HBc–negative patients were positive for anti‐HDV. Our results indicate a distinctly low probability of replicative HDV infection in HCV mono‐infected patients in Germany. Current German clinical guidelines rightly recommend performing HDV screening only in HBsAg‐positive patients. However, larger studies on this subject should be performed in regions that are endemic for chronic HBV/HDV as well as HCV infections.
Understanding the relationship between climatic niches and dispersal through the lens of bat wing morphology
Authors: Varzinczak L. H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractClimate, an important dimension within the classical Hutchinsonian niche concept, represents abiotic variables that influence species distributions. As dispersal allows species to move and colonize new regions with distinct climates, the role of dispersal traits in determining the occupation of particular climatic conditions is hypothesized to be important in climatic niche determination. I test this hypothesis by investigating the effects of interspecific variation in bat dispersal abilities due to wing morphology on species climatic niches. For 74 phyllostomid bat species, I collected their niche positions (i.e. mean value of occupied climatic conditions) along the climatic space as defined by phylogenetic principal components, as well as wing variables related to flight performance and aerodynamics. To test how wing variables are related to species positions along climatic niche axes, I used a framework of phylogenetic regressions and model selection by information theory. I found that wing morphology has an important and positive influence on bat species niche positions in the climatic space. Species with increased relative wing loading have better flight performance which likely allowed them to overcome geographical barriers to dispersal in order to colonize areas with distinct climatic regimes, thus influencing their climatic niche configurations. My results reconcile the morphological role bat wings have on local habitat use with their effects on dispersal and their importance in shaping climatic niches at broad scales. Overall, my findings reinforce the roles of dispersal and complementary life‐history traits in determining species climatic niches. These results imply that traits linked to tracking suitable habitats may be important for adapting to climate change.
Price mechanism and endogenous productivity in an open economy stock‐flow consistent model
Authors: Carnevali Emilio 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper combines a Stock‐Flow Consistent open economy two‐country model with the Verdoorn‐Kaldor law, which posits a positive relationship between the rate of growth of output and productivity growth. The model shows the role of endogenous productivity as a shock magnifier and underlines the limits of the mechanisms of adjustment that rely exclusively on the “buffer” provided by flexible exchange rates. It also provides arguments in support of fiscal policy both in the context of flexible exchange rates and fixed exchange rates. Finally, it challenges the sustainability of austerity measures aimed to achieve external balance.
Slr4, a newly identified S‐layer protein from marine Gammaproteobacteria, is a major biofilm matrix component
Authors: Ali Sura , Jenkins Benjamin , Cheng Jiujun , Lobb Briallen , Wei Xin , Egan Suhelen , Charles Trevor C. , McConkey Brendan J. , Austin John , Doxey Andrew C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractS‐layers are paracrystalline proteinaceous lattices that surround prokaryotic cells, forming a critical interface between the cells and their extracellular environment. Here, we report the discovery of a novel S‐layer protein present in the Gram‐negative marine organism, Pseudoalteromonas tunicata D2. An uncharacterized protein (EAR28894) was identified as the most abundant protein in planktonic cultures and biofilms. Bioinformatic methods predicted a beta‐helical structure for EAR28894 similar to the Caulobacter S‐layer protein, RsaA, despite sharing less than 20% sequence identity. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that purified EAR28894 protein assembled into paracrystalline sheets with a unique square lattice symmetry and a unit cell spacing of ~9.1 nm. An S‐layer was found surrounding the outer membrane in wild‐type cells and completely removed from cells in an EAR28894 deletion mutant. S‐layer material also appeared to be “shed” from wild‐type cells and was highly abundant in the extracellular matrix where it is associated with outer membrane vesicles and other matrix components. EAR28894 and its homologs form a new family of S‐layer proteins that are widely distributed in Gammaproteobacteria including species of Pseudoalteromonas and Vibrio, and found exclusively in marine metagenomes. We propose the name Slr4 for this novel protein family.
Incidental Vocabulary Learning Through Listening to Teacher Talk
Authors: JIN ZHOUHAN , WEBB STUART 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study investigated incidental learning of single‐word items and collocations through listening to teacher talk. Although there are several studies that have investigated incidental vocabulary learning through listening, no intervention studies have explicitly investigated the extent to which listening to teachers in a classroom context might contribute to vocabulary learning. The present study fills this gap. Additionally, the study explored the relationship between vocabulary learning gains and two factors: frequency of occurrence and first language (L1) translation. A meaning‐recall test and a multiple‐choice test were used to evaluate learning gains. The results indicated that (a) listening to teacher talk has potential to contribute to vocabulary learning of both single‐word items and collocations, (b) using L1 translation to explain target word meanings contributed to larger gains on the immediate posttest, (c) frequency of occurrence was not a significant predictor of incidental vocabulary learning.
Canadian Immersion Students’ Investment in French
Authors: MARSHALL KELLE L. , BOKHORST–HENG WENDY D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFrench second language education, including the option of one‐way French immersion, is mandated for majority‐language Anglophone children in New Brunswick, Canada's only officially bilingual province. Language ideological debates in the province surrounding official English–French bilingualism led us to investigate adolescent majority‐language immersion students’ investment in French, the co‐official minority language, using Darvin and Norton's tripartite (capital, ideology, identity) model. We discuss 3 student profiles, drawing on data collected from multimodal focus groups conducted among 8th‐grade French immersion students. Our analysis reveals a dominance of neoliberal ideologies in these students’ investment in French, rendering it imbalanced and largely driven by imagined access to future economic capital. Language as cultural or social capital figures inconsistently in their investment. Drawing on our data, we conclude by proposing that Darvin and Norton's model, with a balanced focus on each kind of capital within the model, may be used conceptually by educators in program development. The model used in such a way would enable educators to give equal priority to students’ identity and intercultural development as to their preparation for participation in economic marketplaces, thus potentially expanding majority‐language students’ investment in their co‐official minority second language.
N‐acetyl‐b‐D‐glucosaminidase: A potential cardiorenal biomarker with a relevant impact on ICD shock therapies and mortality
Authors: Allgaier Raphael , Strack Christina , Wallner Stefan , Hubauer Ute , Uecer Ekrem , Lehn Petra , Keyser Andreas , Luchner Andreas , Maier Lars , Jungbauer Carsten 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimsChronic heart failure may lead to chronic kidney disease. Previous studies suggest tubular markers N‐acetyl‐b‐D‐glucosaminidase (NAG) and Kidney‐injury‐molecule‐1 (KIM‐1) as potential markers for the cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). The prognostic value of NAG and KIM‐1 regarding implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) shock therapies is unknown.MethodsWe included 314 patients with an ICD and collected plasma and urine samples. Urine‐values of NAG and KIM‐1 got related to urinary creatinine. Outcomes of interest were sustained adequate shock therapies and a combined endpoint of all‐cause mortality, rehospitalisation due to congestive heart failure and adequate shock therapies. Follow up time was 32 months (IQR 6‐35 months).ResultsKIM‐1 and NAG were positively correlated with NT‐proBNP (KIM‐1: r = .34, P < .001; NAG: r = .47, P < .001). NAG was significantly elevated in patients with primary prevention compared with secondary prevention ICD indication (P = .003). According to Kaplan Meier analysis, NAG as well as NT‐proBNP were significant predictors for adequate ICD shock therapies and for the combined endpoint (each P < .001). Elevated KIM‐1 showed no significant differences (each P = n.s.). In multivariate cox regression analysis, NAG as well as NT‐proBNP were both independent predictors for adequate ICD shock therapies as well as the combined endpoint, beside ejection fraction <35% (each P < .05). Diabetes, primary prevention ICD indication, coronary artery disease, eGFR and age were no significant predictors for both endpoints (each P = n.s.).ConclusionSimilar to NT‐proBNP, NAG showed promising value for overall prognostication in ICD patients. Especially, NAG seems to incorporate an additional prognostic value regarding occurrence of ICD shock therapies.