bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical and chemical quality of silage from two Pennisetum purpureum sp varieties supplemented with molasses at different levels
Authors: Fahmi M , Utomo R , Umami N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study aimed to determine quality of silage from Pennisetum purpureum sp and Pennisetum purpureum cv.Mott supplemented with molasses at different levels. The study was designed using a complete 2 x 3 factorial randomized design. The first factor was grass varieties, Pennisetum purpureum sp and Pennisetum purpureum cv.Mott and the second factor was supplementation of molasses with levels 0, 3 and 6%. The variables measured included physical and chemical characteristics of silage. The results showed that molasses supplementation produce silage with good physical quality in both Pennisetum purpureum variety used. The increased levels of molasses supplementation lowering pH and silage NH3 (P<0.05) concentration, and lactic acid was significantly increase (P< 0.05). The treatment of molasses supplementation showing interactions at pH, NH3 concentration and silage lactic acid concentration in both varieties. It is concluded that Pennisetum purpureum sp with the level of 6% molasses supplementation produce best silage in term of its physical and chemical quality.
Effects of stocking density and litter type on litter quality of native chicken
Authors: Rohmadi D , Harimurti S , Wihandoyo  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study was conducted to identify the effect of stocking density and litter materials on litter quality of Native chicken. Three hundred and twenty-four unsexed native chickens were used for 12 weeks duration of this research. The day-old chickens were randomly assigned in three stocking density groups: 8,12 and 16 chickens/m2. Each stocking density group was further divided in three litter groups: rice hull, wood shaving and corncob. Chickens in each group were randomized in to three replicates at hatch were housed in a deep litter pen (1x1 m). The data of litter temperature, pH, water holding capacity, water and ammonia content were analyzed by analysis of variance, then followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The result showed that the stocking density had significant effect on the litter temperature, litter pH, water content and ammonia. The litter materials had significant effect on litter pH, water holding capacity, water and ammonia content. It is concluded that greater stocking density of more than 8 chicken per square meter and rice hull type of litter material was degraded the litter quality. Litter materials of wood shavings and corncobs can be used as a substitute for rice hull.
Feeding frequency effects on consumption and nutrient digestibility on thin-tailed sheep infected with Haemonchus contortus
Authors: Setyono W , Kustantinah  , Cahyo R W N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In Indonesia, most sheep are reared by farmers on extensive rearing system. This system creates arising problem that nutrient deficiency and susceptibility to Haemonchus contortus are more prevalent. This study is a laboratory model – demonstrating the actual condition – by increasing the feeding frequency to evaluate the effect of nutrient utilization on sheep infected by H. contortus. The study used the sheep as livestock model, with age ±1 year and average body weight ±17 kg. 16 thin-tail sheep were randomly grouped into 4. Treatment on this study were different feeding frequency: A (2 times/day), B (3 times/day), C (4 times/day), and D (5 times/day). All groups were fed with field grass-based feed with no other feed supplementation. Worm infection process were carried out once a week as many as 200 H. contortus infective stage per head per infection. The egg number of H. contortus per gram of fecal egg number was observed and examined weekly for 10 weeks. According to this study, higher feeding frequency increases the consumption and digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and crude fiber (CF) (P <0.05) and increases the percentage of fecal egg number (FEN).
Supplementation of lauric acid and feed fiber to optimize the performance of broiler
Authors: Londok J J M R , Rompis J E G 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The aim of this research was to optimize the role of lauric acid (LA) and feed fiber (FF) to increase the performance of the broiler. In total 360 unsex Lohmann MB 202-P broiler chicken were divided into 36 experimental unit in this research. A factorial experiment consist two factors based on completely randomized design was applied, the first factor was level of LA i.e. 1.30%; 1.95%; and 2.60%, while second factor was level of crude fiber (FF) i.e. 5%, 6%, 7%, and 8% in the diet. The level of LA was equivalent with coconut oil application in feed that is 3%. Each experimental unit was repeated three times, each treatment combination was applied to 30 birds. The observed variables were weight gain, cumulative feed intakes, feed conversion, and final body weight. Result showed that utilization of LA and FF significantly affected (P<0.01) to weight gain, cumulative feed intakes, and final body weight, but not on FCR (P>0.05). This study indicated that the using of 1.95% LA and 8% FF on the diet would have optimized cumulative feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and final body weight of broiler.
Growth and production of Cichorium intybus in the second regrowth with different planting densities in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Umami N , Wiratih I , Agus A , Suhartanto B 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the growth and production of Cichorium intybus in the second regrowth with different planting densities in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Cichorium intybus were cultivated by spreading the seeds on a 1x1.5 m plots with different planting density as treatments: 2 g/m2, 3 g/m2, and 4 g/m2 – then named as D1, D2, and D3 groups respectively. Each treatment had 3 replications. Fertilization was performed once, on the day-15. The plant’s height and length were observed weekly for 30 days. Cichorium intybus were defoliated 5 cm above the soil surface on the day-28. Variables observed on this study include plant’s height and length, number of leaves, leaf width, number pf plants, dry and organic matter production. All data were evaluated by using one-way analysis of variance on the SPSS. Significant differences among groups were then subjected to further analysis – Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test. Different planting densities significantly alter number of plants, dry matter production, and organic matter production (P<0.05). The group with highest planting density has higher number of plants (198.33 ± 22.50) compared to D1 and D2 groups (108.66 ± 6.50 and 155.66 ± 8.02). Meanwhile, Cichorium intybus on D1 group had higher plant height (37.5 ± 0.6 cm) compared to D2 and D3 groups (31.77 ± 1.18 and 31.49 ± 0.92 cm). Based on this study, the Cichorium planted on 4 g/m2 of density results in highest production.
Calliandra calothyrsus as a protein source in goat’s diets: Study of feed intake and ruminal fermentation parameters
Authors: Zulfa I H , Kustantinah  , Indarto E , Zuprizal  , Dono N D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the usage of Calliandra leaves as protein source in Kacang goat’s diet at Wonolagi, Gunungkidul. Fifteen female Kacang goats weight 20 to 23 kg were plotted randomly into three diets treatments. The diet consisted of basal diets (local forages provided by farmer’s practices) with three different treatments: 100% Calliandra (T1), 50% Calliandra + 50% Soybean meal (SBM) (T2), and 100% SBM (T3). Parameters observed in this study were: feed intake (Dry matter intake, DMI; Organic matter intake, OMI; Crude protein intake, CPI; and Crude fiber intake, CFI) and ruminal fermentation parameters after 3 hours feeding period (pH value, total volatile fatty acid (VFA), acetate, propionate, butyrate, and A:P ratio). Collected data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the difference between means were analyzed using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. DMI, OMI, and CFI did not differ among treatments, however, greater SBM content in T3 improved CPI 34.21% significantly (P<0,05) compared to T1. Ammonia, total VFA, acetate and propionate profile were greater in T2 diets compared to T1 (P<0.05). In conclusion, the use of Calliandra to substitute SBM should be in the 50 to 50 ratio to optimize the feed intake and ruminal fermentation profile.
Good manufacturing practices implementation and microbiological quality of meat at the slaughterhouses in the Province of Bangka Belitung Islands
Authors: Suryanto E , Syahlani S P , Airuni M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the implementation of good manufacturing practice (GMP), microbiological quality of meat and their relationship at the slaughterhouses in the Province of Bangka Belitung Islands. Thirteen slaughterhouses were used in this study. Questionnaires were used to measure the implementation of 7 GMP aspects (location, layout and design, main building facilities, equipment, production, personal hygiene and sanitation). The data were observed by interviewing the respondents (butchers). Microbiological quality of meat were determine by using Total Plate Count (TPC) method. Data implementation of GMP were descriptively analysed. The relationship between GMP implementation and microbiological quality were analysed by Pearson Product Moment correlation. The results showed that GMP implementation score in this study was 2.43 of 5 of all GMP aspects. No slaughterhouse had implemented all 5 aspects. TPC of meat was 4.34 log CFU/ml. There was negative correlation between GMP implementation and TPC value (r = - 0.396 (P < 0.030)). It is concluded that slaughterhouses had implemented some aspects of GMP with the percentage level of 45.99%,(40 – 60%). There was negative correlation between the implementation of GMP and microbiological quality of meat at the slaughterhouses in the Province of Bangka Belitung Islands.
Identification of galactogogues in Gliricidia maculata
Authors: Astuti S D , Widyobroto B P , Agus A , Yusiati L M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Galactogogues are substances used by periparturient dairy cows for boosting milk production and preventing negative energy balance. A long-term use of commercial galactogogues has a toxic effect to normal health status of both human and animals. The study was conducted to identify herbal galactogogues from bioactive compounds of Gliricidia maculata ethanol extract. The samples were harvested randomly from edible portion of plants at optimal age (80 days). Lyophilization was carried out at 55°C for 3 days followed with pulverization. The bioactive compounds were extracted using ultrasonic assisted extraction method and identified by the GCMS-QP2010S SHIMADZU instrument with Rtx 5 MS column. Spectra produced by MS was translated into chemical structures and data were presented in form of retention time (minutes), peak area (%), molecular formula (CxHyOz), molecular weight and the name of bioactive compound based on the similarity index of the GCMS library. As the result, there were five major galactogogues of Gliricidia maculate namelyphytol, 1-Octadecyne, 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-Squalene, n-Eicosane and 4-Hexadecen-6-yne which identified in this study. Since this study was the first work reporting galactogogues derived from Gliricidia maculate, therefore application of its potential could be implemented in the future study of dairy cattle feeding practices.
Post-thawing sperm quality of Boer buck semen diluted in phosphate buffer saline supplemented with bovine serum albumin
Authors: Putri A R I , Ciptadi G , Budiarto A , Santoso I 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study aimed to determine post-thawing sperm quality of Boer buck which diluted in Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) medium supplemented with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) for optimizing its quality in addressing In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) purposes. In this research thawed semen was diluted in PBS with the addition of three different BSA concentration namely T0 (BSA 0%), T1 (BSA 0.1%), and T2 (BSA 1%). Semen and sperm quality such as motility, viability and abnormality (all in %) were observed at initial thawing and after diluted with PBS and BSA before and after incubation. At initial thawing, semen characteristic shows motility at 62.67±7.03%. Meanwhile, in all sperm quality after dilution at T0, T1 and T3 shows decreased after incubation time, although no differences found between BSA concentration (P>0.05). From this study, it is concluded that adding BSA as complementary nutrition in PBS medium could maintain sperm quality at affordable level for further IVF purpose.
Weaning weight of Brahman cross (BX) and Bali cattle under intensive and oil palm plantation-cattle integrated systems
Authors: Widi T S M , Widyas N , Damai R G M F 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Indonesian territory comprised of a vast archipelago with diverse environmental condition affects cattle’s growth and productivity. This paper was aimed to compare the weaning weight (WW) of two genotype groups of cattle (Bali and BX) under different production systems. Data were obtained from oil palm plantation cattle integrated system (OPP) in Central Kalimantan (972 BX, 131 Bali), an intensive cattle farm in Java Island (15 BX) and a state’s breeding farm in Bali Island (322 Bali). We visualize the distribution of WW from both breeds and analyse the interaction between genotype groups and production systems. Data visualization revealed structures underlie the dataset, we observed that Bali cattle data were clustered into two distinct groups. Least squared means and standard deviation of WW in Bali cattle were 84.26±17.29 and 169±74 kg whereas for BX were 121±32 and 174.28 kg for farm and OPP production systems respectively. Results from a linear model which showed that genotype group, production systems, sex, and two ways interactions between genotype group and production system had a significant effect on WW (α = 0.05). In their respective farm production systems, BX performed significantly better than Bali cattle. However, in OPP-production system both genotype groups had similar performance.
An integrated model for developing indigenous chicken in Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Hellyward J , Madarisa F , Putri B R T 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study was carried out using triangulation approach to explore the existing condition in Padang to establish an integrated model for developing indigenous chicken in West Sumatra on November to December 2018. Triangulation process consisted of a feed availability analysis to support strengthening indigenous chicken; location quotient (LQ) rule to analyze the location of indigenous chicken development basis as well as SWOT analysis. The results showed that there were five sub-districts categorized as basis location. Feeding availability could be likely at an increase of 63 % (265,000 head) to the existing number of indigenous chickens. SWOT analysis revealed that there will be an increasing opportunity to develop indigenous chicken using an integrated model where sustainable development goals used as a main reference.
New records of Scelio species (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from Iraq: egg parasitoids of acridid grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
Authors: Polaszek Anderw , Kareem Ali A. , Aljaafari Raad K. , Al-Zurfi Sienaa M. , Abbas Manar A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
During insect surveys in June 2019 using yellow pan traps and sweep nets in agricultural areas of the Al Husayniya district of Karbala Governorate, three species of the economically important parasitoid genus Scelio were identified. Scelio howardi Crawford, S. striatus Priesner and S. variegatus Kozlov and Kononova all represent new records in Iraq. The current known distributions and host records of these three species are summarised, and their diagnostic features are illustrated. Previously unpublished host records are presented for S. striatus
.
Physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of yogurt flavored with sweet orange (citrus sinensis) marmalade
Authors: Al-Bedrani Dhia I , ALKaisy Q H , Mohammed Z M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The current study was conducted to determine the effect of adding different ratios of orange marmalade on physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of the yogurt that produced by using the whole bovine milk pH 6.7 and total acidity 0.16% which divided into four treatments: T2,T3,T4 with adding orange marmalade in ratios 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5% respectively beside control treatment. Physicochemical tests included determine the percentage of moisture, fat, protein, carbohydrates and ash as well total acidity and pH value. Rheological tests included viscosity, whey senerises exudation and water holding capacity, as well as sensory evaluation. These tests were carried out during the storage period at (5 ± 1) °C for 1, 7 and 14 day. The results showed an increase in the total solids percentage In proportion to increasing the added amount of orange marmalade compared to treatment T1and the increase was observed with storage except for the percentage of carbohydrates that decreased. Also results showed an increase in the percentage of total acidity and decrease in pH of the added treatments directly after manufacturing and with storage. The results showed a decrease in the values of whey exudation, increased percentage of water holding capacity and viscosity of marmalade treatments. Results of sensory evaluation showed a decreased in scores with the increasing in marmalade addition compared to control treatment.
Identification of Pistacia vera and Prunus amygdalus Batsch seed oils using GC-MS as useful methodology for chemical classification
Authors: Allaith S A , Alfekaik D F , Alssirag M A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Two types of nut seeds, pistachio and almond, are used to study their chemical and physical properties as well as their saturated and unsaturated fatty acid content using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrophotometry technique. According to the results, variant physicochemical proprieties of the oils in peroxide value are 5.7 and 7.3, respectively while acidity values are 0.1753 and 0.3756, respectively. These results are comparable to the quality of unsaturated fatty acids. In both of the studied samples, oleic acid is found to be the primary fatty acid followed by linoleic acid. Oleic acid in both samples is 60.72% and 58.19%, respectively while linoleic acid content reached 29.05% and 30.72%, respectively. Palmitic acid C: 16 as saturated fatty acid in the pistachio and almond samples is found to be 6.52% and 7.22%, respectively. In conclusion, pistachio and almond oils are rich in oleic acid that is considered a beneficial source of unsaturated fatty acids for human health.
Analysis of bioactive phytochemical compound of (Cyperus iria L.) By using gas chromatography –mass spectrometry
Authors: Shaheed K A , AlGaraawi N I , Alsultany A K , Abbas Z H , Khshayyish I K , Al Khazali M T 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Fifty three phytochemical compound in the methanolic extract were identified of Cyperus iria L. The identification is based on the molecular weight, peak area, MS Fragmentation and, retention time,.GC-MS analysis of Cyperus iria L. found the presence of the compounds : (2S,3S)-2,3-Dihydroxy-2-isopropylbutyric acid [(5R,6S)-6-hydroxy-1-azabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-3-en-4-yl]methyl : 1,2,4-Benzenetriol : 4-Mercaptophenol : 2-Pyrazoline,5-ethyl-1,4-dimethyl : 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural : 2-pyrazoline,5-ethyl-1,4-dimethyl : Dodecanoic acid methyl ester : Undecanoic acid, 10-methyl-methyl ester : α-Cadinene; [1s-(1a,4ab,8aa)]-1,2,4a,5,6,8a-Hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1methylethyl)-naphthalene: Aromandendrene : β-Maaliene: Methyl tetradecanoate : Methyl isotetradecanoate (iso-14:0): Phthalic acid, isobutyl octadecyl ester : Di-sec-butylphthalate : Cis-9-Hexadecenoic acid : z-(13,14-Epoxy)tetradec-11-en-1-ol acetate : Hexadecenoic acid,z-11 : Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester : Dibutyl phthalate : 1-Butyl 2-isobutyl phthalate; 2-Methylpropyl butyl phthalate; Butyl isobutyl phthalate: Octadecanoic acid : 1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid n-Hexadecanoic acid : 9-Octadecenoic acid, methl ester, (E) : Methyl stearate : Oleic acid : Trans-2-Dodecen-1-ol,trifluoroacetate : rac-1-Monoolein : Eicosanoic acid, methyl ester : 4,4-Dimethylcholestan-3-one, (5.alpha.)-: Oxiraneundecanoic acid, 3-pentyl-methyl ester,trans : Benzyl butyl phthalate : Beta.-sitosterol : Gamma.-sitosterol : 3-cyclopentylpropionic acid, tridecyl ester : Copaiferic acid B : 4-Vinylcholestan-3-ol # : Bisabolol oxide II : 1-Bromo-11-iodoundecane : Decanoic acid, 9-oxo-,methylester : Flexol plasticizer DOP: Polycizer 162: Phthalic acid, di(2-propylpentyl)ester : Pentadecane,2-methyl- : Butyl 9-octadecenoate : N-Methyl-1-adamantaneacetamide : Diethylmalonic acid, pentyl 3-phenoxybenzyl ester : 9-Borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane,9-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl] : Dodecanoic acid,1,2,3-propanetrly1 ester : Phen-1,2-diol,4-fluoro-5-aminoacetyl-dimethyl ether : Tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid,dibenzofuran-3-ylamide : Benzenamine,4-methoxy-N-(triphenylphosphoranylidene) : Cyclodododecanol,1-aminomethyl : Ergost-5-en-3-ol,(3.beta.)-campesterol : N-(2-Acetylcyclopentylidene)cycioh exylamine. The plant contain many bioactive phytochemical compounds that may be useful as Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antimicrobial Activity, anti –inflammatory, Nematicide, Antihistaminic, Antieczemic, Insectifuge and others.
Effect of irradiation by gamma rays and the use of benzyl adenine to increase the production of cardiac glycoside compounds from Digitalis lanata in vitro
Authors: Almukhtar S A , Alrubaye M A , Elkaaby E A , Kadhim Z K , Alkilabi C K 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Seeds of fox glove Digitalis lanata were irradiated with gamma ray with the dose 25, 50 grey in addition to the treatment of the comparison 0 grey, BA was also used at the concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 mg. L−1 to determine the effectiveness of the gamma ray and BA and their interaction in stimulating the proportion, speed of seed germination and production of Cardiac glycosides, chlorophyll and carbohydrates in the vegetative branches of the plantlet implanted on the nutritional media. The results showed that the irradiation at the dose of 50 grey was significantly increased the rate of germination percent to 100% and the speed of germination by a rate of 5 seeds / day, compared with control group which gave 30% and 1.1 seeds / day respectively. The same treatment had a significant increase on the rate of production of Digoxin, Digitoxin and Gitoxin glycosides to 45.54, 91.87 and 68.70 μg. g−1 respectively, compared to control group values of 6.40, 20.17 and 13.09 μg.−1 g respectively. The same treatment achieved a significant increase in the total chlorophyll and carbohydrate production rate of 2.10 and 3.80 mg g−1 respectively, compared with the control group values of 1.30 and 2.82 mg. g−1 respectively. Also the benzyl adenine at a concentration of 3 mg.L−1 increased the rate of the same glycoside compounds which to 58.57, 79.15 and 78.14 μg. g−1 respectively, compared to the control values of 25.97, 56.02 and 40.90 μg. g−1 respectively. Also, the concentration of total chlorophyll and carbohydrates was 2.74 and 4.39 mg. g−1 respectively, compared to the control group values of 1.70 and 3.31 mg. g−1 respectively. As for the effect of the interference of irradiation treatment at 3 mg. g−1 concentration with adenine on Digoxin and Gitoxin the concentrations were 79.11 and 118.20 μg. g−1, respectively, and the chlorophyll concentration was 3.65 mg. g−1. The irradiation treatment at 4 mg. L−1 achieved the highest concentration of Digitoxin (118.23 μg. g−1) and the highest concentration of carbohydrates of (5.13 mg. g−1).