bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy outcomes in women with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Ante Zharmaine , Luu Thuy Mai , Healy‐Profitós Jessica , He Siyi , Taddeo Danielle , Lo Ernest , Auger Nathalie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveBirth outcomes of women with anorexia nervosa are poorly understood. We hypothesized that hospitalization for anorexia nervosa before or during pregnancy is associated with an elevated risk of adverse maternal and infant birth outcomes.MethodWe performed a retrospective cohort study of 2,134,945 pregnancies in Quebec, Canada, from 1989 to 2016. The main exposure measure was anorexia nervosa requiring hospital treatment before or during pregnancy. Outcome measures included stillbirth, preterm birth, low birth weight, small‐for‐gestational age birth, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, cesarean delivery, and other pregnancy disorders. We computed risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between anorexia nervosa and birth outcomes adjusted for maternal characteristics.ResultsCompared with no hospitalization, anorexia nervosa hospitalization was associated with 1.99 times the risk of stillbirth (95% CI 1.20–3.30), 1.32 times the risk of preterm birth (95% CI 1.13–1.55), 1.69 times the risk of low birth weight (95% CI 1.44–1.99), and 1.52 times the risk of small‐for‐gestational age birth (95% CI 1.35–1.72). The associations with low birth weight and small‐for‐gestational age birth were more prominent in women hospitalized for anorexia nervosa during pregnancy or within 2 years of delivery. Hospitalization for anorexia nervosa was associated with certain maternal outcomes, including precipitate labor, acute liver failure, and admission to an intensive care unit.DiscussionHospitalization for anorexia nervosa before or during pregnancy is associated with adverse infant and maternal outcomes. Infants are primarily at risk of stillbirth, preterm birth, low birth weight, and small‐for‐gestational age birth.
Liana species decline in Congo basin contrasts with global patterns
Authors: Bongers Frans , Ewango Corneille E. N. , van der Sande Masha T. , Poorter Lourens 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLianas, woody climbing plants, are increasing in many tropical forests, with cascading effects such as decreased forest productivity, carbon sequestration, and resilience. Possible causes are increasing forest fragmentation, CO2 fertilization, and drought. Determining the primary changing species and their underlying vital rates help explain the liana trends. We monitored over 17,000 liana stems for 13 yr in 20 ha of old‐growth forest in the Congo Basin, and here we report changes and vital rates for the community and for the 87 most abundant species. The total liana abundance declined from 15,007 lianas in 1994 to 11,090 in 2001 to 9,978 in 2007. Over half (52%) of the evaluated species have significantly declining populations, showing that the community response is not the result of changes in a few dominant species only. Species density change (i.e., the change in number of individuals per hectare) decreased with mortality rate, tended to increase with recruitment rate, but was independent of growth rate. Species change was independent of functional characteristics important for plant responses to fragmentation, CO2, and drought, such as lifetime light requirements, climbing and dispersal mechanism, and leaf size. These results indicate that in Congo lianas do not show the reputed global liana increase, but rather a decline, and that elements of the reputed drivers underlying global liana change do not apply to this DR Congo forest. We suggest warfare in the Congo Basin to have decimated the elephant population, leading to less disturbance, forest closure, and declining liana numbers. Our results imply that, in this tropical forest, local causes (i.e., disturbance) override more global causes of liana change resulting in liana decline, which sharply contrasts with the liana increase observed elsewhere.
How to develop a national heart failure clinics network: a consensus document of the Hellenic Heart Failure Association
Authors:   The Task force of the Hellenic Heart Failure Clinics Network
Published: February 2020

AbstractHeart failure (HF) is rapidly growing, conferring considerable mortality, morbidity, and costs. Dedicated HF clinics improve patient outcomes, and the development of a national HF clinics network aims at addressing this need at national level. Such a network should respect the existing health care infrastructures, and according to the capacities of hosting facilities, it can be organized into three levels. Establishing the continuous communication and interaction among the components of the network is crucial, while supportive actions that can enhance its efficiency include involvement of multidisciplinary health care professionals, use of structured HF‐specific documents, such as discharge notes, patient information leaflets, and patient booklets, and implementation of an HF‐specific electronic health care record and database platform.
Cardiomyopathy and kidney function in agalsidase beta‐treated female Fabry patients: a pre‐treatment vs. post‐treatment analysis
Authors: Wanner Christoph , Feldt‐Rasmussen Ulla , Jovanovic Ana , Linhart Aleš , Yang Meng , Ponce Elvira , Brand Eva , Germain Dominique P. , Hughes Derralynn A. , Jefferies John L. , Martins Ana Maria , Nowak Albina , Vujkovac Bojan , Weidemann Frank , West Michael L. , Ortiz Alberto 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsLong‐term treatment effect studies in large female Fabry patient groups are challenging to design because of phenotype heterogeneity and lack of appropriate comparison groups, and have not been reported. We compared long‐term cardiomyopathy and kidney function outcomes after agalsidase beta treatment with preceding treatment‐naive outcomes.Methods and resultsSelf‐controlled pretreatment and post‐treatment comparison (piecewise mixed linear modelling) included Fabry female patients ≥18 years at treatment initiation who received agalsidase beta (0.9–1.1 mg/kg every other week) for ≥2 years, with ≥2 pretreatment and ≥2 post‐treatment outcome measurements during 10‐year follow‐up. Left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT)/interventricular septal thickness (IVST) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration creatinine equation) analyses included 42 and 86 patients, respectively, aged 50.0 and 46.3 years at treatment initiation, respectively. LVPWT and IVST increased pretreatment (follow‐up 3.5 years) but stabilized during 3.6 years of treatment (LVPWT: n = 38, slope difference [95% confidence interval (CI)] = −0.41 [−0.68, −0.15] mm/year, Ppre–post difference <0.01; IVST: n = 38, slope difference = −0.32 [−0.67, 0.02] mm/year, Ppre–post difference = 0.07). These findings were not modified by renal involvement or antiproteinuric agent use. Compared with the treatment‐naive period (follow‐up 3.6 years), eGFR decline remained modest and stabilized within normal ranges during 4.1 years of treatment (slope difference, 95% CI: −0.13 [−1.15, 0.89] mL/min/1.73m2/year, Ppre–post difference = 0.80).ConclusionsCardiac hypertrophy, progressing during pretreatment follow‐up, appeared to stabilize during sustained agalsidase beta treatment. eGFR decline remained within normal ranges. This suggests that treatment may prevent further Fabry‐related progression of cardiomyopathy in female patients and maintain normal kidney function.
Nutritional status in tricuspid regurgitation: implications of transcatheter repair
Authors: Besler Christian , Unterhuber Matthias , Rommel Karl‐Philipp , Unger Elisabeth , Hartung Philipp , von Roeder Maximilian , Noack Thilo , Zachäus Markus , Halm Ulrich , Borger Michael , Desch Steffen , Thiele Holger , Lurz Philipp 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsTo characterize the prevalence and clinical relevance of malnutrition in patients undergoing transcatheter tricuspid valve edge‐to‐edge repair (TTVR).Methods and resultsOverall, 86 consecutive patients (mean age 78 ± 7 years) with moderate‐to‐severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) at prohibitive surgical risk were analysed. Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), quality of life assessment, 6‐min walk test distance and laboratory analyses were performed before and 1 month after TTVR. A total of 43 patients (50%) underwent concomitant transcatheter mitral valve repair. According to MNA, 81 patients (94%) were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition before TTVR. Following TTVR, MNA improved in 64 patients (74%). As compared to patients without MNA improvement, patients with increased MNA score had greater reductions in TR [regurgitation volume −17.0 (interquartile range, IQR −25.0; −7.0) mL vs. −26.4 (IQR −40.3; −14.5) mL, P < 0.001] and inferior vena cava diameter. Only patients with increased MNA score displayed a decrease in N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide levels [−320 (IQR −1294; 105) pg/mL vs. +708 (IQR −342; 2708) pg/mL, P = 0.009], improvements in cholinesterase levels (0.0 ± 11.9 μmoL/L vs. +10.9 ± 16.7 μmoL/L, P < 0.001) and renal function during follow‐up. Beneficial effects on quality of life scores and 6‐min walk test distance following TTVR were observed exclusively in patients with improvement in MNA. During a median follow‐up of 6 months, patients with worsened MNA had an increased risk of death and rehospitalization for heart failure.ConclusionNutritional impairment is common and of prognostic importance in patients undergoing TTVR. Hepatorenal function modestly improves after successful TTVR. Further study of extracardiac implications of TR‐associated right heart failure is warranted to improve care in this vulnerable patient population.
Randomized trial of a left ventricular assist device as destination therapy versus guideline‐directed medical therapy in patients with advanced heart failure. Rationale and design of the SWEdish evaluation of left Ventricular Assist Device (SweVAD) trial
Authors: Karason Kristjan , Lund Lars H. , Dalén Magnus , Björklund Erik , Grinnemo Karl , Braun Oscar , Nilsson Johan , van der Wal Henriette , Holm Jonas , Hübbert Laila , Lindmark Krister , Szabo Barna , Holmberg Erik , Dellgren Göran ,   the SweVAD Investigators
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsPatients with advanced heart failure (AdHF) who are ineligible for heart transplantation (HTx) can become candidates for treatment with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) in some countries, but not others. This reflects the lack of a systematic analysis of the usefulness of LVAD systems in this context, and of their benefits, limitations and cost‐effectiveness. The SWEdish evaluation of left Ventricular Assist Device (SweVAD) study is a Phase IV, prospective, 1:1 randomized, non‐blinded, multicentre trial that will examine the impact of assignment to mechanical circulatory support with guideline‐directed LVAD destination therapy (GD‐LVAD‐DT) using the HeartMate 3 (HM3) continuous flow pump vs. guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) on survival in a population of AdHF patients ineligible for
HTx.MethodsA total of 80 patients will be recruited to SweVAD at the seven university hospitals in Sweden. The study population will comprise patients with AdHF (New York Heart Association class IIIB–IV, INTERMACS profile 2–6) who display signs of poor prognosis despite GDMT and who are not considered eligible for HTx. Participants will be followed for 2 years or until death occurs. Other endpoints will be determined by blinded adjudication. Patients who remain on study‐assigned interventions beyond 2 years will be asked to continue follow‐up for outcomes and adverse events for up to 5 years.ConclusionThe SweVAD study will compare survival, medium‐term benefits, costs and potential hazards between GD‐LVAD‐DT and GDMT and will provide a valuable reference point to guide destination therapy strategies for patients with AdHF ineligible for
HTx.
Sea Buckthorn Oil Tocopherol Extraction's By‐Product Utilization in Green Synthesis of Polyurethane Coating
Authors: Prabhudesai Mayur S. , Paraskar Pavan M. , Kedar Rahul , Kulkarni Ravindra D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe focus of the present study is to utilize a by‐product obtained during extraction of tocopherols, a valuable vitamin E compound, from sea buckthorn (SBT) oil and in doing so find a reliable alternative to petrochemical based polyols. Bio‐based polyurethane (PU) is prepared by using SBT oil based fatty acid methyl ester polyesteramide polyols (SBTPEP) with toluene diisocyanate (TDI). The fatty acid methyl ester is converted to the corresponding fatty amide by reaction with diethanolamine. The formed fatty amide is then esterified with phthalic anhydride to synthesize polyesteramide polyol. Characterization techniques used to evaluate polyesteramide polyol are Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and NMR. The cured PU coating is also put through various mechanical tests to analyze the physical properties. The cured PU coating shows good surface and mechanical properties. It shows a gloss value of 87.4 and passes impact, adhesion, and chemical resistance tests. It is hydrophobic which is evident from its contact angle of 100.2°. It has good thermal stability which is evident by its glass transition temperature of 53.9 °C. Use of phthalic anhydride contributes to the bio‐based characteristics of synthesized PU.Practical Application: The present study presents a synthesis route which has minimal dependence on hazardous feedstock by utilization of green feedstock. The results obtained from physical and mechanical evaluations favor the use of this PU formulation in the coating sector. The adhesion and impact strength test results show potential application in the industrial sector coatings where the applied coat must be able to withstand high levels of physical stress and strain. The presence of aromatic rings and oil‐based moiety, that is the fatty acid hydrocarbon chain, contributes to the hydrophobic nature of the PU coating. Hydrophobic coatings have tremendous application in various fields such as marine coatings, automotive, electronics, and decorative coatings. These are potential fields of application for the synthesized green PU coating obtained from tocopherol extraction by‐products.
Challenges in the Processing Line of Spanish Style cv. Chalkidiki Green Table Olives Spontaneously Fermented in Reduced NaCl Content Brines
Authors: Mantzouridou Fani Th , Mastralexi Aspasia , Filippidou Maria , Tsimidou Maria Z. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this work, the effect of different treatments using selected combinations of chloride salts (NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, MgCl2) in fermentation brine to assess the safety, quality, and nutritional value of the Spanish style cv. Chalkidiki green table olives spontaneously fermented is studied. Examination of safety parameters (bacteria/yeasts, pH, acidity) and changes in olive color and texture characteristics in brines during fermentation, and in mineral content of olives upon storage up to 12 months, is conducted using appropriate methods. Sensory evaluation takes place in certain cases. Among the tested salt combinations, those of 4.08% NaCl, 2.8% KCl, 1% CaCl2, and 0.12% MgCl2 (w/v) are found to be the most effective regarding safety, color, texture, and taste. Findings support that Spanish style cv. Chalkidiki green olives can be spontaneously fermented in reduced NaCl content brine. The 50% lower NaCl content of the fermented olives compared with that in traditionally fermented ones suggests that reformulation of cv. Chalkidiki green table olives by safe intervention is feasible.Practical Applications: cv. Chalkidiki green table olives are of high importance for the Greek economy. Traditionally they are spontaneously fermented in NaCl brine (8% w/v). Partial replacement of NaCl content with other salts in such a line results in a product acceptable in terms of safety and quality characteristics. The Greek table olive industry may profit from the findings in an attempt to remodel the traditional spontaneous fermentation in green olive processing according to international dietary guidelines.
Research on the failure process and stability control technology in a deep roadway: Numerical simulation and field test
Authors: Zang Chuanwei , Chen Miao , Zhang Guangchao , Wang Kun , Gu Dongdong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWith the increase in mining depth and the deterioration of surrounding rock conditions, large deformation failure of deep roadway surrounding rock is still very common. To solve the support problem, it is necessary to understand the deformation and failure mechanism of the deep roadway. This paper presents a case study on the deformation failure behavior and support design of a deep roadway in the Tangyang mine by field tests and numerical simulations. The rock mass properties were first evaluated based on field data and the mechanical parameters of rock specimens. Then, the numerical model of the deep roadway surrounding rock was established based on the calibrated microparameters. The deformation features and cracking behavior of the roadway were investigated in detail. The results show that the cracking process of crack initiation, crack propagation, and rock separation in the surrounding rock of this kind of roadway is a gradual process developing from a shallow to deep depth. A combined support “bolt‐cable‐mesh‐steel ladder” was proposed based on the failure characteristics of the roadway. Finally, a numerical simulation and field experiment were conducted to evaluate the rationality of the proposed support scheme, and the results show that the new support method can effectively control the surrounding rock. This study can provide valuable references for support design in deep underground engineering.
New CCL|MPL Architecture Reducing Interfacial Gaps and Enhancing PEM Fuel Cell Performance
Authors: Daniel L. , Bonakdarpour A. , Sharman J. , Wilkinson D. P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe demonstrate an enhanced new architecture for fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), by deposition of the microporous layer (MPL) directly on the catalyst coated membrane (CCM), in order to reduce any gaps at the cathode catalyst layer (CCL) surface. A low bonding temperature Teflon was used to allow low temperature sintering of the CCM with the MPL. This modified structure enhances PEMFC performance by improving the electronic contact and minimizing water pooling at the CCL|MPL interface. The improvement in water management at the CCL|MPL is beneficial especially for thinner CCLs to fulfill the performance demand with low cathode catalyst loading MEAs (≤0.125 mgPt cm−2 as targeted by the US Department of Energy).
Quantifying posterior effect size distribution of susceptibility loci by common summary statistics
Authors: Vsevolozhskaya Olga A. , Zaykin Dmitri V. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTesting millions of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genetic association studies has become a standard routine for disease gene discovery. In light of recent re‐evaluation of statistical practice, it has been suggested that p‐values are unfit as summaries of statistical evidence. Despite this criticism, p‐values contain information that can be utilized to address the concerns about their flaws. We present a new method for utilizing evidence summarized by p‐values for estimating odds ratio (OR) based on its approximate posterior distribution. In our method, only p‐values, sample size, and standard deviation for ln(OR) are needed as summaries of data, accompanied by a suitable prior distribution for ln(OR) that can assume any shape. The parameter of interest, ln(OR), is the only parameter with a specified prior distribution, hence our model is a mix of classical and Bayesian approaches. We show that our method retains the main advantages of the Bayesian approach: it yields direct probability statements about hypotheses for OR and is resistant to biases caused by selection of top‐scoring SNPs. Our method enjoys greater flexibility than similarly inspired methods in the assumed distribution for the summary statistic and in the form of the prior for the parameter of interest. We illustrate our method by presenting interval estimates of effect size for reported genetic associations with lung cancer. Although we focus on OR, the method is not limited to this particular measure of effect size and can be used broadly for assessing reliability of findings in studies testing multiple predictors.
Analysis of a magnetic field and Hall effects in nanoliquid flow under insertion of dust particles
Authors: Mahanthesh B. , Gireesha B. J. , Shehzad Sabir A. , Ibrar Nida , Thriveni K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this study, the two‐phase hydromagnetic flow of a viscous liquid through a suspension of dust and nanoparticles is considered. The influence of the Hall current is also taken into account. The similarity variables are utilized to transform the problem into one independent variable. The obtained expressions in one independent variable are solved through the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg scheme connected with the shooting procedure. The computed results are sketched for employing multiple values of physical constraints on the temperature and velocity of the nanofluid and dust phase. The characterization of various nanoparticles like Cu, Al2O3, TiO2, and Ag on velocities and temperatures of both phases is made through plots. A comparative analysis in the limiting approach is presented to justify the present solution methodology. The range of emerging parameters is taken as 0 ≤ l ≤ 3, 0.1 ≤ βt ≤ 3, 0 ≤ m ≤ 2.5, 0 ≤ M2 ≤ 2, 0.1 ≤ βv ≤ 3, 0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.4, and −0.8 ≤ λ ≤ 0.8. From the study, it is revealed that βt has the opposite effect on the temperature of dust and nanofluid phases. The Hall parameter m raises the profiles of velocities in the nanoliquid and dust phases. Also, it is found that the transverse velocities h(η) and H((η) and temperatures θ(η) and θp(η) rise for larger ϕ.
Improvement of heat transfer through fins: A brief review of recent developments
Authors: Maji Ambarish , Choubey Gautam 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFins or extended surfaces are generally used in heat exchangers to enhance heat transfer between the main surface and ambient fluid. Various types of simple‐shaped fins, namely, rectangular, square, annular, cylindrical, and tapered, have been used with different geometrical combinations. To satisfy industrial demand, different trials have also been carried out for designing optimized fins. The optimization of fins can be performed either by enhancing heat dissipation at an exact fin weight or by diminishing the weight of the fin by precise heat dissipation. Recently a notable amount of work on some typical fins, like, porous fins and perforated fins, has also been carried out. This paper presents a brief review on heat transfer enhancement using fins of different types considering variable thermophysical and geometric parameters, which will also be useful for future use of geometrical modifications of extended surfaces, based on the cost and availability of space.