bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translingüismo: revisión de la literatura y aplicación didáctica para la enseñanza de ELE y ELE2
Authors: Pino Rodríguez Ana María , Trujillo Sáez Fernando Jesús , González Vázquez Antonio 
Published: December 2019

El translanguaging o translingüismo supone el uso flexible de la totalidad de los recursos lingüísticos a disposición de los usuarios de más de una lengua. Ha cobrado relevancia a lo largo de los últimos años, y lo ha hecho, especialmente, en relación al tratamiento del multilingüismo en el ámbito educativo. Está aún en expansión y, por ello, es posible encontrar definiciones diversas del mismo, lo cual hace del translanguaging una voz polisémica cuyas acepciones pueden interpretarse en distintos planos: el cognitivo, el discursivo y el sociopolítico. Cualquiera de ellas tiene implicaciones concretas a pie de aula y todas determinan un giro en los estudios sociolingüísticos actuales. Este giro queda reflejado en la actualización del Marco Común Europeo para las Lenguas (2018) y viene a trasladar el foco de atención de la investigación académica y de la Didáctica de Lenguas extrajeras desde las propias lenguas, como entidades discretas, hasta sus usuarios.
Effects of a Single Bout of Aquatic Exercise on Mood in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Genova Helen , Dacosta-Aguayo Rosalia , Goverover Yael , Smith Angela , Bober Chris , DeLuca John 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background:
Physical activity is known to be an effective way of managing multiple sclerosis (MS)–related symptoms. Furthermore, it has been reported that even a single bout of physical activity can yield improvements in mood in persons with MS. Aquatic exercise can be an effective and enjoyable physical activity in persons with MS. However, there is little research on the immediate effects of aquatic exercise on mood in people with MS. Thus, we assessed the acute effects of a single bout of aquatic exercise on mood.

Methods:
Eight adults with MS participated in a 45-minute aquatic exercise class as well as 45 minutes of a seated rest control condition. The Profile of Mood States questionnaire was given before and after each condition (rest and aquatic exercise). Repeated-measures analysis of variance and paired-samples t tests were used to examine whether aquatic exercise resulted in improvement in mood. Due to the small sample size, effect sizes were considered.

Results:
Moderate-to-large effect sizes indicated a condition × time interaction such that mood increased and fatigue decreased after a single bout of aquatic exercise compared with after rest.

Conclusions:
This proof-of-concept study suggests that mood symptoms are improved immediately after a short bout of aquatic exercise. Future research is needed to explore whether these effects are reliable and whether they can be sustained with more frequent bouts of aquatic exercise.
Critical multi-stranded approach for determining the ecological values of diatoms in unique aquatic ecosystems of anthropogenic origin
Authors: Olszyński Rafał M. , Szczepocka Ewelina , Żelazna-Wieczorek Joanna 
Published: December 2019

Background
The ecological state of surface waters is typically assessed by a multi-aspect approach based on a determination of its chemical and physical parameters, by hydromorphology and the use of indicator organisms such as benthic diatoms. By assigning ecological indicator values, it is possible to create diatom indices which serve as the basic tool in assessing the ecological status of surface waters. These ecological indicator values are set according to classification systems, such as the Van Dam, Mertens & Sinkeldam (1994) system, which classifies species of diatoms according to seven different ecological factors. However, recent studies on the autecology of diatoms have shown the need to verify and establish new ecological indicator values. To this end, aquatic ecosystems are good environments to observe the range of tolerance of benthic diatoms to environmental conditions due to their unique physical and chemical parameters. The aim of the present study was to propose the establishment of new, or altered, ecological indicator values, according to the Van Dam, Mertens & Sinkeldam (1994) classification, of species of diatoms characteristic of three post-mining aquatic ecosystems.

Methods
In total, 36 species were identified that were characteristic of three waterbodies: a salt aquatic complex (water outflow, a drainage ditch and a pond), mined iron ore reservoirs and a mined lignite reservoir. Their ecological indicator values were specified using OMNIDIA software, and the environmental conditions prevailing in the studied ecosystems were determined. Of the 36 characteristic species, 16 lacking at least one assigned ecological indicator value were analyzed further. The analysis identified three groups of selected characteristic species which showed a correlation, or lack of such, to the tested physical and chemical parameters.

Results
Based on this multistage study of the autecology of characteristic diatoms, comprising an analysis of environmental conditions, literature analysis and reference ecological indicator values of other species, it is proposed that 32 ecological indicator values be established or adjusted for 16 species, and that Planothidium frequentissimum be excluded from water quality assessments.
Dietary Effects of Almond (Prunus amygdalus dulcis) Seed Powder on the Reproductive Indices in Male African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Broodstock
Authors: Ayokanmi Dada Adekunle , Cynthia Elemuo Chioma , Opeyemi Oke Israel 
Published: December 2019

Aims: To examine the dietary effects of Prunus amygdalus dulcis seed meal on the sperm quality of male African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus).
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out at the Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology Teaching and Research Farm, The Federal University of Technology, Akure for a period of 70 days.
Methodology: Five diets with crude protein of 40% were formulated with different inclusion levels of P. amygdalus dulcis seed powder. D1 (control) has 0 g of the powder, while D2, D3, D4 and D5 has 5, 10, 15 and 20 g of the P. amygdalus dulcis seed powder in 100 g of feed respectively. A total of 45 C. gariepinus were randomly distributed into 15 concrete tanks (2×2×1.5 m) at stocking density of 3 fish per tank and constant water level of 1 m was maintained in the experimental tanks. The fish were fed at 3% of body weight twice a day between 08.00-09.00 and 16.00-17.00 hours for a period of 70 days. At the end of the 70-day experiment, gonadosomatic index and reproductive indices such as milt volume, motility duration, spermatozoa count, percentage motility, percentage fertilization, percentage hatchability and percentage survival of fry were determined. The qualities of the milt were assessed by aid of microscope and by fertility tests. Histological examination of the testes of fish fed each of the diets was also carried out.
Results: Fish fed experimental diets showed significantly improved gonado-somatic index and reproductive indices over the control treatment. Higher gonado-somatic index and reproductive indices were recorded for the fish fed diet of 20 g/kg P. amygdalus dulcis seed powder compared to other experimental diets.
Conclusion: The results indicated that supplementing diets with P. amygdalus dulcis seed powder enhanced growth and improved gonadosomatic index, and reproductive indices of male C. gariepinus broodstocks which can be exploited in fish seeds production.
Adaptation and Impact of Zero Tillage Technology for Wheat Cultivation in Eastern Region of Bihar
Authors: Gupta Sanjeev Kumar , Kumar Sanoj , Sohane R. K. , Pathak S. K. , Raghawan S. , Patil Shridhar , Patel Arvind Bhai 
Published: December 2019

The present study aims to determine the adaptation and impact of zero tiltage technology for wheat cultivation in Eastern region of Bihar.
There is an increasing recognition among policy-makers of the largely untapped potential of the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) for meeting state- and national-level food needs in India. Zero-tillage (ZT) technology has been proven for enhancing wheat productivity and, hence, food security in the IGP while reducing production costs – a 'win-win' which support rapid/fast technology scaling even though adoption remains modest to date. ZT technology is well known in the form of CA, that involves continuous minimum mechanical soil disturbance, permanent organic soil cover with crop residues or cover crops and diversified, efficient and economically viable crop rotations provide opportunities for saving on inputs, improving resource use efficiency and mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and climate change adaptation. Under the Farmers First project, an attempt was made to introduce ZT technology among two adopted villages under Goradih block of Bhagalpur district in Bihar, India. The result has shown that ZT is gaining popularity amongst the farmers in the adopted villages for establishing wheat crop for higher income and sustainability of the farming community. This technology allows rice-wheat farmers for direct drilling of wheat sooner after rice harvest without any preparatory tillage, so that wheat crop heads and fills grain before the onset of pre-monsoon. This involves sowing with a specially-designed zero-till seed-cum-fertilizer drill/planter, which has inverted 'T' type furrow opener to make a narrow slit in the soil for placing seed and fertilizer. Wheat was sown by zero tillage technology that helped in advancing sowing time, reduced cost of cultivation in terms of land preparation (Rs.3850/ha), saving in labours time (6-7 hrs/ha), fuel (44 ltr/ha), environmental pollution (60%) as well as water-saving (33%).
Knowledge of Pre-hospital Emergency Medical Technician about Endotracheal Intubation: A Manikin Study
Authors: Parviz Pourazizi , Iraj Aghaei , Ehsan Kazemnezhad Leyli , Majid Pourshaikhian 
Published: December 2019

Background: Pre-hospital emergency is an important part of the health-care system helping for critically ill patients in the life-threatening conditions by endotracheal intubation, preventing complications and mortality. The present study was conducted to determine the knowledge of pre-hospital emergency staff about the endotracheal intubation.
Methods and Materials: This was an analytical cross-sectional study performed on 70 pre-hospital staff in Rasht. Samples were obtained through census. Data collection tools included a researcher-made questionnaire with three parts: Demographic and job characteristics with 14 questions and knowledge questionnaire, with 15 questions. The reliability coefficient of the knowledge questionnaire was 0.87 and the interclass correlation coefficient was 0.86. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, mean and standard deviation (in the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests) were used. The collected data were entered into SPSS 24 software and analyzed.
Results: The majority of study participants were in the age groups of 26-30 and 36-40 years. Regarding education, the majority had associate and bachelor's degree. The findings of the pre-hospital emergency department staff's knowledge and status of the endotracheal tube insertion based on individual and occupational variables showed that the knowledge score based on work experience in the health system (p=0.05) and having unsuccessful intubation at six months (p=0.009) was statistically different, so that employees with higher work experience were less aware of endotracheal intubation and employees who have had a history of unsuccessful intubation for the past six months have had a higher level of knowledge.
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the knowledge of pre-hospital emergency personnel was in moderate level and needs educational programs to reach the optimum level.
Mn(III)‐Mediated Regioselective 6‐endo‐trig Radical Cyclization of o‐Vinylaryl Isocyanides to Access 2‐Functionalized Quinolines
Authors: Liu Yan , Li Shi‐Jun , Chen Xiao‐Lan , Fan Lu‐Lu , Li Xiao‐Yun , Zhu Shan‐Shan , Qu Ling‐Bo , Yu Bing 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA Mn(III)‐mediated radical cyclization reaction of o‐vinylaryl isocyanides and arylboronic acids or diphenylphosphine oxides to access various 2‐functionalized quinolines under mild conditions was developed. With the introduction of radical stabilizing substituents (e. g. aryl and methyl group) on vinyl group, this reaction provides a regiospecific 6‐endo‐trig radical cyclization of o‐vinylaryl isocyanides, giving a number of structurally unique and biologically potential 2‐functionalized quinoline derivatives.magnified image
Treatment strategy for isolated bile leakage after hepatectomy: Literature review
Authors: Kubo Norio , Shirabe Ken 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIsolated bile leakage (IBL) after hepatectomy is intractable, and various treatment methods for it have been reported. This review aimed to clarify the treatment strategy for IBL by summarizing studies on IBL after hepatectomy without extrahepatic bile duct resection. Thirty‐three cases of IBL were reported. The incidence of IBL is very low, accounting for 0.1%–1% of all hepatectomy cases. The risk factors for IBL are unclear; however, several reports mention that biliary anomaly is associated with a high risk of IBL, with preoperative and intraoperative confirmation of biliary tree anatomy being the most important preventive strategy. Treatment methods for IBL include liver resection, bilioenteric anastomosis, endoscopic treatment, bile duct ablation, percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization (PTPE), transcatheter arterial embolization, and use of fibrin glue. The therapeutic methods should be chosen depending on remnant liver function, amount of bile leakage, and the liver volume causing the bile leakage. When there is bile leakage from less than one segment, non‐surgical treatment is recommended, whereas when there is bile leakage from one or more segments, surgical treatment can be recommended. Nevertheless, recently, non‐surgical treatment such as PTPE, PTPE with bile duct ablation, and endoscopic methods have been considered as effective treatment approaches.
Green synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticle using Origanum majorana L. leaf extract, its characterization and biological activities
Authors: Aseyd Nezhad Saynaz , Es‐haghi Ali , Tabrizi Masoud Homayouni 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCerium oxide nanoparticle (CeO‐NP) was synthesized using Origanum majorana L. leaf extract and characterized using particle size analyzer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The antioxidant properties and cytotoxic effects of CeO‐NP in human breast carcinoma cells (MDA‐MB‐231 cell line) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) as normal cells were evaluated. To determine the probable molecular mechanism of action of CeO‐NP on cellular redox and anti‐inflammatory potential, the expressions of antioxidant‐related genes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) in HUVEC cell line were also analyzed. The results indicated that spherically shaped nanoparticles with a size of 10–70 nm bound to functional phenolic and flavonoids from O. majorana L. leaf extract. The green synthesized CeO‐NP showed antioxidant activity by free radical scavenging activity against DPPH and ABTS free radicals. The antioxidant activity was significantly (p < 0.001) lower than that of Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) as a reference antioxidant. The obtained results elucidated that CeO‐NP possessed cytotoxicity. The cytotoxic effects of CeO‐NP were higher against MDA‐MB‐231 cancer cells compared to HUVEC normal cells. In addition, this NP was capable to enhance the expression of CAT and SOD as main antioxidant‐related genes. Consequently, the higher cytotoxic effects of CeO‐NP against breast cancer compared to normal cells indicated the potential use of this NP as anti‐cancer agent. However, more research on its cytotoxicity against other cancer cells and mechanisms in which this NP exert its anti‐cancer properties should be performed.
PVDF/TiO2/graphene oxide composite nanofiber membranes serving as separators in lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Khassi Kajal , Youssefi Mostafa , Semnani Dariush 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTImproving the electrochemical properties of membranes in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) is very important. Many attempts have been made to optimize ionic conductivity of membranes. The aim of this study was fabricating composite nanofiber membranes of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), containing titanium dioxide (TiO2) and graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles to use in LIBs as separators. The morphology, crystallinity, porosity, pore size, electrolyte uptake, ionic conductivity, and electrochemical stability of the membranes were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and linear sweep voltammetry. The electrolyte uptake and ionic conductivity of the PVDF/TiO2/GO composite nanofiber membranes containing 2 wt % GO were 494% and 4.87 mS cm−1, respectively, which were higher than those of the other fabricated membranes as well as the commercial Celgard membrane. This could be attributed to the increased porosity, larger surface area, and higher amorphous regions of the PVDF/TiO2/GO composite nanofiber membranes as a result of the synergistic effects of the nanoparticles. In this work, suitable optimized membranes with greater electrochemical stability compared with the other membranes were presented. Also, it was demonstrated that the incorporation of the TiO2 and GO nanoparticles into the PVDF nanofiber membranes led to a porous structure where the electrolyte uptake enhanced. These properties made these membranes promising candidates for being used as separators in LIBs. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48775.
Chondrocalcinosis of the Knee and the Risk of Osteoarthritis Progression: Data From the Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis Long‐term Assessment Cohort
Authors: Latourte Augustin , Rat Anne‐Christine , Ngueyon Sime Willy , Ea Hang‐Korng , Bardin Thomas , Mazières Bernard , Roux Christian , Guillemin Francis , Richette Pascal 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveTo assess the impact of knee chondrocalcinosis (CC) on the 5‐year risk of joint replacement and disease progression in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsPatients with symptomatic knee OA without previous total joint (knee or hip) replacement (TJR) were recruited from the Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis Long‐term Assessment cohort. Cox proportional hazards regression and generalized estimating equation models were used to compare the time from inclusion or OA diagnosis to total knee replacement (TKR) or TJR between patients with and those without knee CC at inclusion. In patients without incident TKR, logistic regression was performed to examine the association between CC and radiographic progression (Kellgren/Lawrence [K/L] grade) or worsening of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) subscores for OA pain or function between years 0 and 5. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, WOMAC subscores, and K/L grade.ResultsAmong the 656 patients included, 93 (14.2%) had knee CC, and 91 (13.9%) underwent TKR during the follow‐up. Risk of TKR was not affected by the presence of knee CC (HR 1.26 [95% CI 0.74–2.17]). Similar results were obtained for the risk of incident TJR. For patients without incident TKR, knee CC did not affect the risk of worsening of K/L grade (odds ratio [OR] 0.9 [95% CI 0.4–1.7]), WOMAC pain subscore (OR 1.1 [95% CI 0.7–1.4]), or WOMAC function subscore (OR 0.9 [95% CI 0.4–2.0]).ConclusionIn patients with symptomatic knee OA, the presence of knee CC did not affect the risk of arthroplasty or disease progression at 5 years.
Student–teacher closeness and conflict in students with and without special educational needs
Authors: Freire Sofia , Pipa Joana , Aguiar Cecília , Vaz da Silva Francisco , Moreira Sérgio 
Published: December 2019

Teachers play a key role in creating effective conditions for students to succeed in school. The quality of student–teacher relationships is consistently associated with social, emotional, behavioural and academic adjustment, and this is even more relevant for students with special educational needs (SEN), considering these students’ emotional, social and learning vulnerabilities. This study aimed to examine the associations between students’ externalising and internalising behaviour, social skills and academic performance, and teachers’ perceptions of conflict and closeness in their relationships with students with and without SEN. Data regarding 360 students in Year 3, Year 5 and Year 7 (169 students with SEN) were collected. Teachers (n = 74) reported on the student–teacher relationship and students’ social skills, behaviour problems and academic performance. Special education teachers (n = 38) provided information regarding the diagnosis and profile of functioning of students with SEN. Results showed that teachers’ reports of students’ social skills and externalising problems were the strongest predictors of closeness and conflict. Internalising problems and SEN status also predicted decreased closeness, despite smaller effects. Taken together, findings support the importance of professional development opportunities focusing on facilitating teachers’ relationships with students with perceived challenging behaviour.
Artenschwund trotz Naturschutz
Authors: Gemeinholzer Birgit , Demant Laura , Dieterich Martin , Eser Uta , Farwig Nina , Geske Christian , Feldhaar Heike , Lauterbach Daniel , Reis Michael , Weisser Wolfgang , Werk Klaus 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungRund 40 Prozent aller in Deutschland vorkommenden Pflanzen‐ und Tierarten (Insekten, Säugetiere, Fische, Vögel, Amphibien und Reptilien) sind gefährdet oder vom Aussterben bedroht, 3–4 Prozent gelten bereits als verschollen. Ein Vergleich mit anderen europäischen Ländern zeigt, dass die Gefährdungssituation in Deutschland auch aus internationaler Sicht sehr ernst zu nehmen ist. Um Naturschutz als Voraussetzung für eine global nachhaltige Entwicklung besser in der modernen Gesellschaft zu verankern, bedarf es (1.) eines Umdenkens und veränderten Handelns jedes Einzelnen durch Aufklärung, Kommunikation und Diskussion; (2.) einer Neuausrichtung der Politik und der vorhandenen Förderinstrumente; (3.) einer Stärkung von Biodiversitäts‐ und Naturschutzbelangen in und durch Hochschulen und Universitäten, sowie (4.) Naturschutzinvestitionen, um die Natur als Lebensgrundlage des Menschen (ökosystemische Dienstleistungen), sowie aufgrund ihres Eigenwertes zu erhalten. Naturschutz muss sich auch wirtschaftlich stärker lohnen, nicht nur für Landwirte, sondern jegliche naturschutzkonforme Landnutzung und die damit erbrachte naturschutzfachliche Leistung sollte honoriert werden. Damit die eigentlich gesetzten und klar definierten Ziele erreicht werden können, prognostiziert die Bund/Länder‐Arbeitsgemeinschaft Naturschutz, Landschaftspflege und Erholung (LANA), dass unter den derzeitigen Rahmenbedingungen in Deutschland mindestens 1,4 Mrd. Euro zusätzlich jährlich benötigt werden, was etwa 17 Euro pro Einwohner und Jahr entsprechen würde. Dieser vergleichsweise geringe Betrag würde mehr als eine Verdoppelung des in Deutschland verfügbaren Budgets zur Förderung der Biodiversität entsprechen.