bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluid–fluid interactions in pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann models: Effects of model schemes and fluid properties
Authors: Pasieczynski Kamil , Chen Baixin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article demonstrates the characteristics of interparticle forces and forcing schemes in pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann simulations. The Yuan–Schaefer (YS), multipseudopotential interaction (MPI), and piecewise linear methods are examined as techniques of equation of state (EOS) inclusion in pseudopotential models. It is suggested here that it is important to have an understanding of the interparticle forces generated by the models in order to obtain good quality results. Poor choice of parameters can lead to generation of unphysical interactions. The piecewise linear method is found to perform well and to decouple parameters. It decouples the density ratio from the surface tension and from the collision operator relaxation rates. It is proposed that the decoupling occurs due to generation of lower values of high‐order error terms in the interfacial region by the piecewise linear EOS. In general, the multiple‐relaxation‐time (MRT) collision operator should be combined with the Huang–Wu forcing scheme for simulating high values of surface tension and with the Li–Luo method for simulating low values of surface tension. It is found that reducing kinematic viscosity is more detrimental to the stability of the simulations than increasing the density ratio. Introducing a kinematic viscosity ratio between the phases practically eliminates the influence of density ratio on spurious velocities. The factors affecting stability of dynamic simulations are examined. It is found that they have the following hierarchy from the greatest impact to the least: kinematic viscosity ratio between the phases, bulk viscosity, method of EOS inclusion, and reduced temperature/density ratio.
Dual Targeting of G9a and DNA Methyltransferase‐1 for the Treatment of Experimental Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Colyn Leticia , Bárcena‐Varela Marina , Álvarez‐Sola Gloria , Latasa M. Ujue , Uriarte Iker , Santamaría Eva , Herranz Jose M. , Santos‐Laso Alvaro , Arechederra Maria , Ruiz de Gauna Mikel , Aspichueta Patricia , Canale Matteo , Casadei‐Gardini Andrea , Francesconi Maria , Carotti Simone , Morini Sergio , Nelson Leonard J. , Iraburu Maria J. , Chen Chaobo , Sangro Bruno , Marin Jose J.G. , Martinez‐Chantar Maria L. , Banales Jesus M. , Arnes‐Benito Robert , Huch Meritxell , Patino John M. , Dar Altaf A. , Nosrati Mehdi , Oyarzábal Julen , Prósper Felipe , Urman Jesus , Cubero Francisco Javier , Trautwein Christian , Berasain Carmen , Fernandez‐Barrena Maite G. , Avila Matias A. 
Published: November 2020

Background and Aims
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a devastating disease often detected at advanced stages when surgery cannot be performed. Conventional and targeted systemic therapies perform poorly, and therefore effective drugs are urgently needed. Different epigenetic modifications occur in CCA and contribute to malignancy. Targeting epigenetic mechanisms may thus open therapeutic opportunities. However, modifications such as DNA and histone methylation often coexist and cooperate in carcinogenesis. We tested the therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of action of a class of dual G9a histone‐methyltransferase and DNA‐methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) inhibitors.

Approach and Results
Expression of G9a, DNMT1, and their molecular adaptor, ubiquitin‐like with PHD and RING finger domains‐1 (UHRF1), was determined in human CCA. We evaluated the effect of individual and combined pharmacological inhibition of G9a and DNMT1 on CCA cell growth. Our lead G9a/DNMT1 inhibitor, CM272, was tested in human CCA cells, patient‐derived tumoroids and xenograft, and a mouse model of cholangiocarcinogenesis with hepatocellular deletion of c‐Jun‐N‐terminal‐kinase (Jnk)‐1/2 and diethyl‐nitrosamine (DEN) plus CCl4 treatment (JnkΔhepa + DEN + CCl4 mice). We found an increased and correlative expression of G9a, DNMT1, and UHRF1 in CCAs. Cotreatment with independent pharmacological inhibitors G9a and DNMT1 synergistically inhibited CCA cell growth. CM272 markedly reduced CCA cell proliferation and synergized with Cisplatin and the ERBB‐targeted inhibitor, Lapatinib. CM272 inhibited CCA tumoroids and xenograft growth and significantly antagonized CCA progression in JnkΔhepa + DEN + CCl4 mice without apparent toxicity. Mechanistically, CM272 reprogrammed the tumoral metabolic transcriptome and phenotype toward a differentiated and quiescent status.

Conclusions
Dual targeting of G9a and DNMT1 with epigenetic small molecule inhibitors such as CM272 is a potential strategy to treat CCA and/or enhance the efficacy of other systemic therapies.
Spouse’s social support in the postpartum period, predictors and its relationship with postpartum depression in a sample of Iranian primiparous women
Authors: Eslahi Zahra , Bahrami Nasim , Allen Kelly‐Ann , Alimoradi Zainab 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the predictive factors of receiving spousal support in the postpartum period and its relationship with postpartum depression (PPD).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted between January and May 2019 in 250 primiparous women to determine the predictors of spousal social support in the postpartum period. Three scales were used to collect data: The Demographic and Obstetric Checklist, the Postpartum Partner Support Scale, and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale.ResultsMultivariate regression showed that the employment status of the spouse and life satisfaction variables were predictive of whether social support was received from a spouse in the postpartum period. In total, the variables examined in this model explained 19% of the variance for a mother receiving spousal social support in the postpartum period. PPD and spousal social support had a moderately inverse and significant correlation (β = –0.39).ConclusionLife satisfaction and employment of the spouse are important predictive variables for receiving social support of the spouse in the postpartum period. There is also a significant inverse relationship between PPD and spousal social support.
Evaluation of preoperative prediction of intestinal invasion in patients with ovarian cancer
Authors: Takeda Takashi , Hayashi Shigenori , Kobayashi Yusuke , Tsuji Kosuke , Nagai Shimpei , Tominaga Eiichiro , Suzuki Tatsuya , Okuda Shigeo , Banno Kouji , Aoki Daisuke 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo optimize prediction for intestinal invasion of epithelial ovarian cancer. It is important to achieve debulking surgery to improve prognosis in ovarian cancer; intestinal resection is adopted if the cancer is invaded and resectable, but the preoperative evaluation method of intestinal invasion is still controversial.MethodsPatients (n = 174) who underwent primary debulking surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer were recruited for retrospective study; 28 and 146 patients were classified into the invasion and non‐invasion groups, whether they needed intestinal resection or not. We collected clinical data including evaluation of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and barium contrast radiography, and analyzed their accuracy.ResultsThe sensitivity and specificity for intestinal invasion were 33.3% and 98.6%, 42.9% and 98.6%, and 66.7% and 93.9% in CT, MRI, and barium contrast radiography, respectively. CT and MRI combined showed a sensitivity of 58.3% and specificity of 96.9%; all three methods combined was the most sensitive combination, showing a sensitivity of 79.2% and specificity of 90.8%.ConclusionCombination of CT, MRI, and barium contrast radiography predicts intestinal invasion with the highest sensitivity. These three modalities, however, could not predict all intestinal invasion. Patients should be informed of the possibility of unexpected extensive resection.
Retrospective validation study of miniPIERS prediction model in Zanzibar
Authors: van der Meij Elleke , Herklots Tanneke , Yussuf Suhaila , Meguid Tarek , Franx Arie , Payne Beth A. , Jacod Benoit 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo perform a retrospective external validation of miniPIERS in Zanzibar's referral hospital.MethodsFrom February to December 2017, data were collected retrospectively on all cases of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) admitted to Mnazi Mmoja Hospital, Zanzibar, Tanzania. The primary outcome was the predictive performance of miniPIERS by examining measures of discrimination, calibration, and stratification accuracy. The secondary outcome was the applicability of miniPIERS within the referral hospital setting.ResultsDuring this period, 2218 of 13 395 (21%) patients were identified with HDP, of whom 594 met the inclusion criteria. Sixty per cent of patients with adverse outcomes were excluded because they had experienced one of the adverse outcomes before admission. The discriminative ability of miniPIERS was inaccurate. It was not likely to aid risk stratification because of low sensitivity and low positive predictive value. The model showed fair discrimination in HDP before 34 weeks of gestation (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve 0.72, 95% confidence interval 0.63–0.82).ConclusionsThe benefit of miniPIERS appeared to be limited, although clinical conditions make any validation challenging. Its application for risk stratification in preterm pregnancies should be further investigated.
LINC00473: A novel oncogenic long noncoding RNA in human cancers
Authors: Li Lingfeng , Zhang Xu , Liu Nian , Chen Xiang , Peng Cong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to play essential roles in the occurrence and development of multiple human cancers. Accumulating evidence has shown that LINC00473, an oncogenic lncRNA, is upregulated in various human malignancies and related to poor clinical outcomes. Besides, LINC00473 overexpression can promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through multiple potential mechanisms, indicating that it may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for human cancers. Here, we reviewed the biological functions, molecular mechanisms, and clinical implications of LINC00473 in human cancers.
Process evaluation of a culturally targeted video for Latinas at risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer
Authors: Hurtado‐de‐Mendoza Alejandra , Gómez‐Trillos Sara , Graves Kristi D. , Carrera Pilar , Campos Claudia , Anderson Lyndsay , Gronda Andrés , Orellana Halyn , Peshkin Beth N. , Schwartz Marc D. , Cupertino Paula , Ostrove Nancy , Luta George , Gonzalez Nathaly , Sheppard Vanessa B. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a process evaluation of a culturally targeted narrative video about hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) for Latina women at risk for HBOC. Spanish‐speaking Latina women at risk for HBOC participated in a single arm study (n = 40). Participants watched the video developed by the authors and responded to surveys. We used mixed methods to assess theoretical constructs that are hypothesized mediators of narrative interventions (i.e., transportation or engagement, identification with characters, emotions) and implementation outcomes (e.g., acceptability). Descriptive statistics summarized theoretical constructs and implementation outcomes. We conducted Mann–Whitney U tests to assess the differences in theoretical and implementation outcomes between participants who were affected versus. unaffected and participants with different levels of education and health literacy. We used the consensual qualitative research framework to analyze qualitative data. Participants’ mean age was 47.1 years (SD = 9.48). Most participants were high school graduates or less (62.5%). Acceptability of the video was extremely high (Md = 10.0, IQR = 0.2, scale 1–10). Most (82.5%) suggested video dissemination be through social media. Participants were highly engaged (Md = 5.7, IQR = 1.5, scale 1–7), strongly identified with the main character (Md = 8.7, IQR = 2.6, scale 1–10), and reported experiencing mostly positive emotions (Md = 9.5, IQR = 2.8, scale 1–10). Participants with low health literacy and affected participants reported a significantly higher identification with the main character (p<.05). Qualitative data reinforced the quantitative findings. Women reported gaining knowledge, correcting misconceptions, and feeling empowered. Our culturally targeted video is highly acceptable and targets mechanisms of behavior change for narrative interventions. The video is easily disseminable and can be used as an education tool for patients including affected and unaffected women and patients with different education and health literacy levels. Future studies should test the impact of the video in enhancing genetic counseling and testing uptake.
An efficient green approach for the synthesis of benzothiazole‐linked pyranopyrazoles as promising pharmacological agents and docking studies
Authors: Mallikarjuna Reddy Guda , Raul Garcia Jarem , Venkata Subbaiah Munagapati , Wen Jet‐Chau 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBenzothiazole‐tethered pyranopyrazoles derivatives were prepared via environmentally favorable conditions, which included eco‐friendly catalyst, ethanol−water solvent, one‐pot reaction, and atom‐ and step‐economy procedures. Excellent yield of the products was observed. Besides, all products were screened for their antimicrobial behavior. From the biological results, it was seen that most of the compounds possessed high to moderate antimicrobial properties. Compound 6a gave prominent antimicrobial property followed by 6d, 6l, and 6n. In addition, computer‐aided studies of the active compounds were also conducted. In this, selected compounds were docked into the intercalation site of DNA of the DNA−gyrase complex. From these results, the highest binding energy of −10.1 kcal/mol was for 6a against DNA−gyrase. This is the first eco‐friendly synthetic method for the preparation of benzothiazole‐pyranopyrazoles and the synthetic effort in this study may serve as a model for additional environmentally benign reactions. The biological results may prompt further studies related to antibiotic drugs.
Monitoring phenylalanine concentrations in the follow‐up of phenylketonuria patients: An inventory of pre‐analytical and analytical variation
Authors: Coene Karlien L. M. , Timmer Corrie , Goorden Susan M. I. , ten Hoedt Amber E. , Kluijtmans Leo A. J. , Janssen Mirian C. H. , Rennings Alexander J. M. , Prinsen Hubertus C. M. T. , Wamelink Mirjam M. C. , Ruijter George J. G. , Körver‐Keularts Irene M. L. W. , Heiner‐Fokkema M. Rebecca , van Spronsen Francjan J. , Hollak Carla E. , Vaz Frédéric M. , Bosch Annet M. , Huigen Marleen C. D. G. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundReliable measurement of phenylalanine (Phe) is a prerequisite for adequate follow‐up of phenylketonuria (PKU) patients. However, previous studies have raised concerns on the intercomparability of plasma and dried blood spot (DBS) Phe results. In this study, we made an inventory of differences in (pre‐)analytical methodology used for Phe determination across Dutch laboratories, and compared DBS and plasma results.MethodsThrough an online questionnaire, we assessed (pre‐)analytical Phe measurement procedures of seven Dutch metabolic laboratories. To investigate the difference between plasma and DBS Phe, participating laboratories received simultaneously collected plasma‐DBS sets from 23 PKU patients. In parallel, 40 sample sets of DBS spotted from either venous blood or capillary fingerprick were analyzed.ResultsOur data show that there is no consistency on standard operating procedures for Phe measurement. The association of DBS to plasma Phe concentration exhibits substantial inter‐laboratory variation, ranging from a mean difference of −15.5% to +30.6% between plasma and DBS Phe concentrations. In addition, we found a mean difference of +5.8% in Phe concentration between capillary DBS and DBS prepared from venous blood.ConclusionsThe results of our study point to substantial (pre‐)analytical variation in Phe measurements, implicating that bloodspot Phe results should be interpreted with caution, especially when no correction factor is applied. To minimize variation, we advocate pre‐analytical standardization and analytical harmonization of Phe measurements, including consensus on application of a correction factor to adjust DBS Phe to plasma concentrations.
Soluble RANKL exaggerates hindlimb suspension‐induced osteopenia but not muscle protein balance
Authors: Speacht Toni L. , Lang Charles H. , Donahue Henry J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe examined the hypothesis that exaggerating unloading‐induced bone loss using a combination of hindlimb suspension (HLS) and exogenous injections of receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL) also exaggerates gastrocnemius and quadriceps muscle loss. Forty, male C57Bl/6J mice (16 weeks) were subjected to HLS or normal ambulation (ground control, GC) for 14 days. Mice received three intraperitoneal injections of either human recombinant soluble RANKL or phosphate‐buffered saline as control (n = 10/group) at 24 h intervals starting on Day 1 of HLS. GC + RANKL and HLS mice exhibited similar decreases in trabecular bone volume and density in both proximal tibias and distal femurs. However, RANKL affected trabecular number, separation, and connectivity density, while HLS decreased trabecular thickness. The combination of RANKL and HLS exacerbated these changes. Similarly, GC + RANKL and HLS mice saw comparable decreases in cortical bone volume, thickness, and strength in femur midshafts, and combination treatment exacerbated these changes. Plasma concentrations of P1NP were increased in both groups receiving RANKL, while CTX concentrations were unchanged. HLS decreased gastrocnemius weight and was associated with a reduction in global protein synthesis, and no change in proteasome activity. This change was correlated with a decrease in S6K1 and S6 phosphorylation, but no change in 4E‐BP1 phosphorylation. Injection of RANKL did not alter gastrocnemius or quadriceps muscle protein metabolism in GC or HLS mice. Our results suggest that injection of soluble RANKL exacerbates unloading‐induced bone loss, but not unloading‐induced gastrocnemius or quadriceps muscle loss.
Females and males exhibit similar functional, mechanical, and morphological outcomes in a rat model of posttraumatic elbow contracture
Authors: Reiter Alex J. , Schott Hayden R. , Castile Ryan M. , Cannon Paul C. , Havlioglu Necat , Chamberlain Aaron M. , Lake Spencer P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPosttraumatic joint contracture (PTJC) is a debilitating condition characterized by loss of joint motion following injury. Previous work in a rat model of elbow PTJC investigated disease etiology, progression, and recovery in only male animals; this study explored sex‐based differences. Rat elbows were subjected to a unilateral anterior capsulotomy and lateral collateral ligament transection followed by 42 days of immobilization and 42 days of free mobilization. Grip strength and gait were collected throughout the free mobilization period while joint mechanical testing, microcomputed tomography and histological analysis were performed postmortem. Overall, few differences were seen between sexes in functional, mechanical, and morphological outcomes with PTJC being similarly debilitating in male and female animals. Functional measures of grip strength and gait showed that, while some baseline differences existed between sexes, traumatic injury produced similar deficits that remained significantly different long‐term when compared to control animals. Similarly, male and female animals both had significant reductions in joint range of motion due to injury. Ectopic calcification (EC), which had not been previously evaluated in this injury model, was present in all limbs on the lateral side. Injury caused increased EC volume but did not alter mineral density regardless of sex. Furthermore, histological analysis of the anterior capsule showed minor differences between sexes for inflammation and thickness but not for other histological parameters. A quantitative understanding of sex‐based differences associated with this injury model will help inform future therapeutics aimed at reducing or preventing elbow PTJC.
Novel microcomposite implant for the controlled delivery of antibiotics in the treatment of osteomyelitis following total joint replacement
Authors: Inceoglu Serkan , Botimer Gary , Maskiewicz Victoria K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study was to develop a novel microcomposite implant to be used in the treatment of osteomyelitis following total joint arthroplasty, with the dual purpose of releasing high local concentrations of antibiotic to eradicate the infection while providing adequate mechanical strength to maintain the dynamic or static spacer. Vancomycin‐loaded microcomposite implants were fabricated by incorporating drug‐loaded microparticles comprised of mesoporous silica into commonly employed polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement, to yield a final drug loading of 10% w/w. In vitro release kinetics at 37°C were monitored by reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography, and compared to the release kinetics of current therapy implants consisting of drug alone incorporated at 10% w/w directly into PMMA bone cement. Results demonstrated a sevenfold improvement in the elution profile of microcomposite systems over current therapy implants. In vivo delivery of vancomycin to bone from microcomposite implants (70% of payload) was significantly higher than that from current therapy implants (approx. 22% of payload) and maintained significantly higher bone concentrations for up to 2 weeks duration. The elastic modulus showed no statistical difference between microcomposite implants and current standard therapy implants before drug elution, and maintenance of acceptable strength of microcomposite implants postdrug elution. These results demonstrate that we have developed a novel microcomposite spacer that will release continuously high antibiotic concentrations over a prolonged period of time, offering the possibility to eliminate infection and avoid the emergence of new resistant bacterial strains, while maintaining the requisite mechanical properties for proper space maintenance and joint fixation.
Achilles tendon moment arm changes with total ankle arthroplasty
Authors: Wade Francesca E. , Hickox Lauren J. , Lewis Gregory S. , Horne Andrea , Aynardi Michael C. , Juliano Paul J. , Aydogan Umur , Piazza Stephen J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPrior research on total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) has focused on improvements in pain and function following the surgical treatment of ankle arthritis, but its effect on ankle joint mechanics has received relatively little attention. The plantarflexion moment arm of the Achilles tendon is a critical determinant of ankle function with the potential to be altered by TAA. Here we investigate the effect of TAA on Achilles tendon moment arm assessed using two methods. Standing sagittal‐plane radiographs were obtained for ten patients presurgery and postsurgery, from which anterior–posterior distance between the posterior calcaneus and the center of the talar dome was measured. Ultrasound imaging and three‐dimensional (3D) motion capture were used to obtain moment arm pre‐ and post‐TAA. The absolute changes in moment arm pre‐ to post‐TAA were significantly different from zero for both methods (9.6 mm from ultrasound and 4.6% of the calcaneus length from radiographs). Only 46% of the variance in postoperative 3D Achilles tendon moment arm was explained by the preoperative value (r2 = 0.460; p = .031), while pre‐ and post‐TAA values from radiographs were not correlated (r2 = 0.192, p = .206). While we did not find significant mean differences in Achilles tendon moment arm between pre‐ and post‐TAA, we did find absolute changes in 3D moment arm that were significantly different from zero and these changes were partially explained by a change in location of the talar dome as indicated by measurements from radiographs (r2 = 0.497, p = .023).