bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Anxiety Levels of Internal Medicine Physicians and Practice of Internal Medicine Clinics
Authors: KAYA Yasemin , BOSTAN Sedat , DÜĞEROĞLU Harun , ÖZBİLEN Muhammet , KESKİN Havva 
Published: November 2020

Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the anxiety levels of internal medicine specialists and to investigate the effect of pandemic on practise of internal medicine clinics in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: The Clinical Activities Scale developed as data collection tools by the researchers and Beck Anxiety Scale were used in the study. The research was carried out on Internal Medicine Physicians using the online survey method. Descriptive statistical methods, significance tests, correlation and regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data.
Results: 93 internal medicine specialists participated in the study. Changes in clinical practice of internal medicine physicians are as follows; 37.7% of them do not want to perform the physical examination, 43% of the physicians postponed the research of patients who needed an examination, 64.5% of their chronic patients did not come to their routine controls and 50.5% of the physicians had a disruption in the follow-up of chronic patients. Clinical approach of physicians working in pandemic hospital; clinical approach of physicians encountering covid-19 patients and the clinical approach of physicians treating patients with covid-19 were more affected by COVID-19. Anxiety was detected in 60.2% of internal medicine physicians. A weak, linear relationship was found between clinical functioning and back anxiety factor at p= 0.001 error level.
Conclusion: During the pandemic it was found that the examination of patients requiring advanced examination and follow-up of chronic patients were affected. In addition, the level of anxiety was found to be high in internal medicine physicians
Cutaneous temperature and pressure pain threshold in individuals with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Marcon Alfieri Fábio , de Oliveira Vargas e Silva Natália Cristina , Aquino dos Santos Artur César , Rizzo Battistella Linamara 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionOsteoarthritis is a common disease in which skin temperature may be included among the pathophysiological factors. Thermography allows the mapping of cutaneous temperature and may be employed in the investigation of osteoarthritis.ObjectivesTo evaluate cutaneous temperature of the lower limbs, as well as to verify its association with pressure pain thresholds in individuals with knee osteoarthritis.Material and methodsThis case series study was conducted with individuals of both genders aged 48–77 years with unilateral knee osteoarthritis. Volunteers underwent thermographic evalua­tion by an infrared sensor (FLIR T650SC). The anterior region of the thigh and leg and the knee area were evaluated. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) were evaluated by algometry (Pain Diagnostics, Great Neck, USA) at the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, and patellar tendon. Data analy­sis was conducted with the statistical package SPSS v.24 for Windows. Comparisons between affected and unaffected sides were made by paired Student’s t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test, and associations between variables were assessed by Pearson or Spearman’s correlation coefficient. In all cases, the significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05.ResultsEleven volunteers (63.1 ±9.5 years) participated in this study. When comparing cutaneous temperature, only the region of the knee showed a significant difference between sides (p = 0.02). There were no differences between affected and unaffected knees regarding pain tolerance (PPT) at all sites evaluated. There were also no significant associations between the study variables.
COVID‐19 Carves New Facets of Supply Chain Disruption
Authors: Swanson David , Suzuki Yoshinori 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has been unusually disruptive for the world economy, with retail sales dropping by record amounts and unemployment escalating rapidly. As the crisis response continues to unfold, the editors of Transportation Journal observe that the virus has presented additional nuances of supply chain disruption, and academicians should explore them. Theory development can enhance our understanding of how the COVID‐19 pandemic is creating new and unique challenges. This article examines some areas of logistics that have been initially impacted, discussing them under the topics of transportation capacity, marketing channels, purchasing, inventory and supply, manufacturing, human resources, public private partnerships (PPP), and security.
Emotions and Vote Choice
Authors: Close Caroline , van Haute Emilie 
Published: November 2020

Emotions and Vote Choice
This article digs into the relationship between voters’ political resentment and their electoral choice in 2019 by focusing on the respondents’ emotions towards politics. Using the RepResent 2019 voter survey, eight emotions are analysed in their relation to voting behaviour: four negative (anger, bitterness, worry and fear) and four positive (hope, relief, joy and satisfaction). We confirm that voters’ emotional register is at least two-dimensional, with one positive and one negative dimension, opening the possibility for different combinations of emotions towards politics. We also find different emotional patterns across party choices, and more crucially, we uncover a significant effect of emotions (especially negative ones) on vote choice, even when controlling for other determinants. Finally, we look at the effect of election results on emotions and we observe a potential winner vs. loser effect with distinctive dynamics in Flanders and in Wallonia.
Kongssteinen og navnet Stavanger
Authors: Iversen Frode 
Published: November 2020

This article present a new and somewhat daring interpretation of the name Stavanger. Previous discussions have revolved around from which topographical elements the name originates. The suffix ON angr, fjord, predates the Viking Age. ON stafr, standing staff became early an appellative for boundary markers. The King’s stone (Kongssteinen) was a remarkable boulder, at least 5.6 meters high and 6.2–7.5 meters wide. In the 4th century, the nearby land was cleared for farming and the boulder became clearly visible from the fjord. The King’s stone was one of several hoarstones for an ancient farm, Eiganes, – the parent farm of the town. It balanced on the top of a low mountain ridge (29 MASL) above the medieval town. It is discussed whether this boundary marker gave name to the fjord Stavanger, which in the 10th century also became the name of the town.
Skjeletta frå Stavanger domkyrkje – ei lang og innfløkt soge
Authors: Høgestøl Mari , Sandvik Paula 
Published: November 2020

In 1967‒68 an area under Stavanger Cathedral was excavated, which revealed more than 30 inhumations without any grave goods. Remains of 22 skeletons were boxed individually and sent to the Anatomic Institute at the University of Oslo for analysis. For some unknown reason they kept some of them and returned two boxes containing many bones in a commingled and fragmentary state to Stavanger. Since 2004, The Museum of Archaeology has aimed to revitalize these skeletons for research. Results of 14C-dates state that they all died before the erection of the church which took place in the beginning of the 12th century. Osteometric sorting managed to combine some bones into individuals while analyses of stable isotopes gave insight into their diet. So far efforts to revitalize a miserable bone collection have added new understanding of past life conditions in SW Norway.
Medium-Term Outcomes of Chevron Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus Correction in a Spanish Population: Radiologic and Clinical Parameters and Patient Satisfaction
Authors: Coheña-Jiménez Manuel , Chicharro-Luna Esther , Del-Castillo José Algaba , Chacón-Giráldez Fernando , Paéz-Tudela Amanda , Montaño-Jiménez Pedro 
Published: November 2020

Background
Chevron osteotomy for mild and moderate hallux valgus obtains good effects. It is suitable for a variety of cases, allowing for a significant degree of correction. This study aimed to investigate chevron osteotomy for the correction of hallux valgus in the medium-term by podiatric surgeons. It considers clinical and radiologic findings and patient perspectives and level of satisfaction.

Methods
Forty-five patients (50 feet) were assessed preoperatively, postoperatively, and at final follow-up. Mean patient age was 59.43 years (range, 32–80 years). The protocols include medical record review, clinical examination, and radiologic assessment. Anteroposterior weightbearing radiographs were analyzed preoperatively and at final follow-up. Clinical effects were analyzed with visual analog scale and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores.

Results
Interobserver and intraobserver reliability were evaluated. Mean ± SD hallux valgus angle decreased at final follow-up (25.30° ± 7.21° versus 17.25° ± 10.32°; P = .041). There was no significant reduction in mean ± SD intermetatarsal angle at final follow-up (13.13° ± 3.03° versus 7.65° ± 3.47°; P = .078). Final AOFAS score was 82.08 ± 17.66. This study showed the relevance of magnet therapy, nail surgery, and other procedures. No patient was dissatisfied with the aesthetic scarring.

Conclusions
The radiologic results at final follow-up were not compatible with relapse of the deformity. The definitive clinical results and the degree of patient satisfaction achieved with this technique were favorable from the patients' point of view.
B’laan Population Structure and School Indicators: Basis for School Planning
Authors: Bello Amelie T. , Bardos Susan E. 
Published: November 2020

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the B’laan population structure and school indicators of Matanao II District as basis for school planning.
Study Design: Descriptive survey design.
Place and Duration of Study: Matanao, Davao del Sur during the School Year 2017-2018.
Methodology: The respondents of the study were the fifty (50) Grade Six B’laan pupils, twenty-one and (21) school administrators of Matanao II District. Universal sampling method using the complete enumeration technique was utilized where respondents of the survey were school administrators and barangay personnel. However, cluster sampling was used in selecting the Grade Six pupils among elementary schools in Matanao District.Three sets of survey instruments were used to gather the relevant information. Data gathered were treated using the frequency and relative frequency.
Results: Majority of the Grade Six B’laan pupils were in the age of 12 years old and above, female, and believers of Christ to the Orient. Most of them did not have siblings studying in college. Their parents were in the elementary level, earning a monthly income of ₱1,001.00 to ₱3,000.00, and had 1 to 6 children. The common household appliances they had were television set, cellular phone, radio, electric fan, DVD player and motorcycle. The mode of transportation from home to school was mostly through walking. Majority of them did not spend any amount for their transportation, food and daily allowance. As to the profile and structure of the elementary schools, most schools in Matanao II District had a total land area of 2.0 to 2.9 hectares occupied by 4 to 6 buildings having 5 to 8 classrooms. Schools offered complete elementary education with 5 to 8 teachers handling the classes of 100 to 200 B’laan pupils. The number of B’laan pupils graduated from the schools per year was within the range of 10 to 60 pupils. Moreover, the National Achievement Test results showed that schools had an average MPS of 81-85. From the map generated, the researcher found that the average population density of B’laan were 2.07 with barangay Manga, Lagaan and Bangkal as that the top 3 barangays having the largest density of B’laan population.
Gender-Related Differences and Mortality Predictors among Egyptian Hemodialysis Patients: A Multi-Center Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Megahed Abir Farouk , Abdelhady Mona Mohammed Tawfik , Kannishy Ghada El , Ahmed Nagy Sayed- 
Published: November 2020

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is an important cause of global morbidity and mortality affecting both sexes. Both genders may present with different symptoms and signs, respond differently to therapy and may exhibit different degrees of tolerance towards their disease. In Egypt, hemodialysis (HD) constitutes the most common modality of renal replacement therapy and the number of hemodialysis patients is increasing. The objective of the present study was to investigate gender-related differences in clinical and biochemical characteristics in HD patients. Mortality events in both genders were also recorded and predictors of mortality in the included HD population were explored.
Methods: This multicenter study adopted essentially a cross-sectional design and included 2158 patients (1241 males and 917 females) undergoing HD in 25 hemodialysis units in six governorates in Egypt. The study started at June 2016 till May 2017. Data were extracted from the patients' records. One year mortality events in the included HD patients were prospectively observed and recorded.
Results: Males on HD had a significantly lower body mass index (BMI) values and were less efficiently dialyzed. Their blood pressure measurements were significantly higher. In addition, males had significantly higher serum albumin with a significantly lower serum potassium level. The overall mortality rate was 6.9% (149 deaths) during the one year follow up period with a significant male predominance (7.9% in males vs. 5.6% in females p=0.03). The mortality rate was highest within the first 14 months after starting hemodialysis therapy. Mortality was statistically significantly higher in patients with diabetes, ischemic heart disease (IHD), anemia with low hemoglobin, and low serum albumin. The mortality risk is nearly duplicated in HD patients with IHD, while low serum albumin was associated with about 3 times an increase in mortality risk in the studied HD patients.
Conclusion: Gender differences in clinical and laboratory characteristics and mortality do exist in Egyptian HD patients and should be considered when management guidelines are developed to suit the gender-related variations.
Ni‐based Plasmonic/Magnetic Nanostructures as Efficient Light Absorbers for Steam Generation
Authors: Yang Fan , Chen Jinxing , Ye Zuyang , Ding Dawei , Myung Nosang Vincent , Yin Yadong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSolar steam generation technologies have gained increasing attention due to their great potential for clean water generation with low energy consumption. The rational design of a light absorber that can maximize solar energy utilization is therefore of great importance. Here, the synthesis of Ni@C@SiO2 core–shell nanoparticles as promising light absorbers for steam generation by taking advantage of the plasmonic excitation of Ni nanoparticles, the broadband absorption of carbon, and the protective function and hydrophilic property of silica is reported. The nanoparticle‐based evaporator shows an excellent photothermal efficiency of 91.2%, with an evaporation rate of 1.67 kg m−2 h−1. The performance can be further enhanced by incorporating the nanoparticles into a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel to make a composite film. In addition, utilizing the magnetic property of the core–shell particles allows the creation of surface texture in the film by applying an external magnetic field, which helps increase surface roughness and further boost the evaporation rate to as high as 2.25 kg m−2 h−1.
Revealing the Origin of Highly Efficient Polysulfide Anchoring and Transformation on Anion‐Substituted Vanadium Nitride Host
Authors: Tan Shuangshuang , Dai Yuhang , Jiang Yalong , Wei Qiulong , Zhang Guobin , Xiong Fangyu , Zhu Xingqi , Hu Zhi‐Yi , Zhou Liang , Jin Yongcheng , Kanamura Kiyoshi , An Qinyou , Mai Liqiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMetal nitrides and quasi‐metallic compounds have been extensively employed as sulfur hosts for confining polysulfide shuttling and improving the electronic conductivity. Their electronic structures and surface chemical bonds significantly determine the adsorption and catalytic abilities for polysulfide. However, the surface compositions of the reported metal nitrides and their sulfur anchoring mechanisms are still controversial. Herein, the authors demonstrate the anion‐substituted mechanism from vanadium oxide, oxynitride to nitride during ammonia‐annealing process and systematically unravel the long‐range disorder rock‐salt structure of vanadium oxynitride with abundant vanadium (V) and nitrogen (N) vacancies by synchrotron X‐ray absorption spectra, atomic pair distribution function, and density functional theory calculation. The defect‐rich vanadium oxynitride that is previously considered as vanadium nitride possesses the enhanced electron delocalization of V, N, and oxygen (O) atoms. It strengthens the polar LiN/O and VS bonds, especially near V vacancy, resulting in a strong polar adsorption for polysulfide. Meanwhile, the vanadium oxynitride effectively catalyzes the breaking and conversion of polysulfide, improving the reduction kinetics during discharge process. The bifunctional effects render the excellent cycling and rate performances. This work deeply understands the sulfur redox mechanisms on vanadium oxynitride and nitride and promotes the developments of the quasi‐metallic compounds/sulfur cathodes in Lithium‐sulfur battery.
Tumor Targeted Delivery of an Anti‐Cancer Therapeutic: An In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation
Authors: Kang You Jung , Holley Claire K. , Abidian Mohammad Reza , Madhankumar Achuthamangalam B. , Connor James , Majd Sheereen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe limited effectiveness of current therapeutics against malignant brain gliomas has led to an urgent need for development of new formulations against these tumors. Chelator Dp44mT (di‐2‐pyridylketone‐4,4‐dimethyl‐3‐thiosemicarbazone) presents a promising candidate to defeat gliomas due to its exceptional anti‐tumor activity and its unique ability to overcome multidrug resistance. The goal of this study is to develop a targeted nano‐carrier for Dp44mT delivery to glioma tumors and to assess its therapeutic efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Dp44mT is loaded into poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)ylated poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) decorated with glioma‐targeting ligand Interlukin 13 (IL13). IL13‐conjugation enhanced the NP uptake by glioma cells and also improved their transport across an in vitro blood‐brain‐barrier (BBB) model. This targeted formulation showed an outstanding toxicity towards glioma cell lines and patient‐derived stem cells in vitro, with IC50 values less than 125 nM, and caused no significant death in healthy brain microvascular endothelial cells. In vivo, when tested on a xenograft mouse model, IL13‐conjugated Dp44mT‐NPs reduced the glioma tumor growth by ≈62% while their untargeted counterparts reduced the tumor growth by only ≈16%. Notably, this formulation does not cause any significant weight loss or kidney/liver toxicity in mice, demonstrating its great therapeutic potential.
Current Trends in In Vitro Modeling to Mimic Cellular Crosstalk in Periodontal Tissue
Authors: Aveic Sanja , Craveiro Rogerio B. , Wolf Michael , Fischer Horst 
Published: November 2020

AbstractClinical evidence indicates that in physiological and therapeutic conditions a continuous remodeling of the tooth root cementum and the periodontal apparatus is required to maintain tissue strength, to prevent damage, and to secure teeth anchorage. Within the tooth's surrounding tissues, tooth root cementum and the periodontal ligament are the key regulators of a functional tissue homeostasis. While the root cementum anchors the periodontal fibers to the tooth root, the periodontal ligament itself is the key regulator of tissue resorption, the remodeling process, and mechanical signal transduction. Thus, a balanced crosstalk of both tissues is mandatory for maintaining the homeostasis of this complex system. However, the mechanobiological mechanisms that shape the remodeling process and the interaction between the tissues are largely unknown. In recent years, numerous 2D and 3D in vitro models have sought to mimic the physiological and pathophysiological conditions of periodontal tissue. They have been proposed to unravel the underlying nature of the cell–cell and the cell–extracellular matrix interactions. The present review provides an overview of recent in vitro models and relevant biomaterials used to enhance the understanding of periodontal crosstalk and aims to provide a scientific basis for advanced regenerative strategies.
Long‐Term Continuous Glucose Monitoring Using a Fluorescence‐Based Biocompatible Hydrogel Glucose Sensor
Authors: Sawayama Jun , Takeuchi Shoji 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFluorescence‐based hydrogel glucose sensors with boronic acid‐based glucose recognition are promising regarding their potential to improve continuous glucose monitoring by facilitating long‐lasting accuracy. However, these sensors typically become encapsulated after implantation, and the dynamic range decreases following long‐term implantation and use. Herein, a four‐arm polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel is developed with an immobilized glucose‐responsive fluorescence dye (GF‐PEG‐gel); this hydrogel is effective in mitigating foreign body reactions (FBRs) that hinder stable glucose responses in vivo. The GF‐PEG‐gel attached to an implantable device successfully traces blood glucose concentrations in diabetic model rats for 45 days. A pig experiment shows that the device measures the glucose concentration with an equivalent accuracy to that required for clinically available settings.
Isotope Microscopic Observation of Osteogenesis Process Forming Robust Bonding of Double Network Hydrogel to Bone
Authors: Nonoyama Takayuki , Wang Lei , Tsuda Masumi , Suzuki Yuki , Kiyama Ryuji , Yasuda Kazunori , Tanaka Shinya , Nagata Kousuke , Fujita Ryosuke , Sakamoto Naoya , Kawasaki Noriyuki , Yurimoto Hisayoshi , Gong Jian Ping 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTough double network (DN) hydrogels are promising substitutes of soft supporting tissues such as cartilage and ligaments. For such applications, it is indispensable to robustly fix the hydrogels to bones with medically feasible methods. Recently, robustly bonding the DN hydrogels to defected bones of rabbits in vivo has been proved successful. The low crystalline hydroxyapatite (HAp) of calcium‐phosphate‐hydroxide salt coated on the surface layer of the DN hydrogels induced spontaneous osteogenesis penetrating into the semi‐permeable hydrogels to form a gel/bone composite layer. In this work, the 44Ca isotope‐doped HAp/DN hydrogel is implanted in a defect of rabbit femoral bone and the dynamic osteogenesis process at the gel/bone interface is analyzed by tracing the calcium isotope ratio using isotope microscopy. The synthetic HAp hybridized on the surface layer of DN gel dissolves rapidly in the first two weeks by inflammation, and then the immature bone with a gradient structure starts to form in the gel region, reutilizing the dissolved Ca ions. These results reveal, for the first time, that synthetic HAp is reutilized for osteogenesis. These facts help to understand the lifetime of bone absorbable materials and to elucidate the mechanism of spontaneous, non‐toxic, but strong fixation of hydrogels to bones.