bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic features of P. falciparum parasites collected in 2012-2016 and anti-malaria resistance along China-Myanmar border
Authors: Li Mei , Hui Liu , Linhua Tang , Henglin Yang , Bustos Maria Dorina Geluz , Hong Tu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe therapeutic efficacy study (TES) of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (DHA-PIP) for uncomplicated P.falciparum patients had implemented during 2012-2016 along China (Yunnan province) -Myanmar border. The study focusing on the genetic features of falciparum parasites based on in vivo parasite clearance time (PCT) was investigated to explore if they had produced potential resistance to DHA and PIP at molecular level.MethodsThe genetic features were invested based on K13 propeller genotypes, Copy numbers of genes PfPM2 and Pfmdr1 and 9 microsatellite loci (Short Tandem Repeats, STR) flanking the K13 gene on chromosome 13. The (PCTs), copy numbers, expected heterozygosity ( He ), coefficient of gene differentiation (F st ) were calculated, compared and analyzed in Graph Prim5.0 and SPSS 23 with method of One-way Anova (Post Hoc test:LSD) or Nonparametric tests. Genetic diversity ( He and F st ) of parasites was estimated in Excel 2016 with method of GenAlEx 6.501.ResultsIn NW (North-West Yunnan province bordering with Myanmar) area, F446I prevalence was 58.96% (79/134) and no significant different PCT50 presented between any two K13 groups (Chi-Square=2.35, P=0.31, df=2). But the PCT50 of parasite isolates in this area (12.10, 10.72-13.47, n=136 hrs) was significantly shorter than that in SW (South-West Yunnan province bordering with Myanmar) area (P=0.036, t=-2.11, df=174) where isolates all showed wild K13 genotype. For the copy numbers of Pfmdr1 gene, 14.63% (18/123) and 62.5% (10/16) parasite isolates showed amplification (≥ 1.6) in NW and SW areas, but for those of PfM2 gene, none of them did. Based on STR data, He values of parasite isolates of 4 groups lined as ML group (Menglian County in SW), F446I group, Others (Non-F446I K13 mutation) group and W (wild K13 genotype) group from low to high. All of them showed significant with one another (Chi-Square=25.20, df=3, P=0.000). The mean F st value of 4 groups at 9 different loci (0.410±0.067) were significant higher than that of 3 NW groups (0.238±0.041) (Paired-T Test: t=-3.220,df=8,P=0.009). Highest mean F st (0.320±0.053) presented between ML group and W group when all mean F st values between W group and each of other 3 groups were compared.ConclusionsAccording to our study, we are inclined to conclude that no confirmed resistance of P.falciparum parasites to DHA and PIP occurred, although parasite isolates with prolonged PCTs were observed. Potentially resistant parasite isolates are widely spread along the Yunnan-Myanmar border based on the genetic index of K13, PfM2/3 and Pfmdr1, along with great genetic differentiation based on different areas and K13 mutations. F446I is the domain K13 mutation allele in NW area and seem to have emerged newly in those years.Trial registrationISRCTN, ISRCTN 11775446. Registered 13 April 2020 - Retrospectively registered, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11775446.
Pediatrics Palliative Care and Ethical Consideration From Nursing and PharmD Perspectives: A Study in Jordan
Authors: Abuhammad Sawsan , Mufleh Suhiab , Alzoubi Karem H , Almasri Roaa , Khraisat Omar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aim: This research aimed to survey a sample of nursing students and PharmD students in Jordan about their knowledge of pediatric palliative care (PPC) in the context of treating terminally ill children.Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational design was used to fulfill the goal of this research. A convenience sample of nursing and PharmD students currently studying in Jordan University of Science and Technology in Jordan was recruited to complete a survey that contained 20 statements about issues on and around the subject of PPC Results: The results showed that there a significant difference in PPC between nurses and PharmD students. Mother’s education (t= 2.158, p= .032) and being a nursing or PharmD student ( t=1.969, p=.050) were associated with knowledge toward PPC. Other listed factors such as gender, working ward, and age were not associated with knowledge toward PPC.Conclusion: this was the first study in Jordan to survey a sample of nursing students and PharmD students in Jordan about their knowledge of PPC. The current study found that knowledge of nursing and PharmD students regarding PPC was satisfactory according to the scale used.
Identification of lncRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA networks for occurrence and prognosis of gastric carcinoma
Authors: Ye Lianmin , Jin Wumin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the common digestive malignancies worldwide and causes a severe public health issue. So far, the underlying mechanisms of GC are largely unclear. Thus, our aim is to identify the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) specialized for occurrence and progression in GC.Methods: The comprehensive online dataset, TCGA, was downloaded and used for identification of differentially expressed (DE) lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA screen with the value of logFC = 1 and FDR < 0.05, respectively. The interactions between lncRNA and miRNA as well mRNA and miRNA were predicted via multiple online databases, such as miRcode and Targetscan. Then the ceRNA network was constructed accompanied with gene set enrichment analysis and survival analysis. In addition, RT-qPCR and in vitro assay was carried out to validate the effect of the hub lncRNAs.Results: We identified 1485 lncRNAs, 312 miRNAs and 4260 mRNAs were differentially expressed between GC and normal tissues, respectively. Then, we generated a ceRNA network with 909 edges and 253 nodes including 76 lncRNA, 18 miRNA and 159 mRNA. This ceRNA network was involved in MET activates PTK2 signalling, MET promotes cell motility and non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions. Next, by univariate and multivariate analysis, there were 9 hub lncRNAs emerged and were associated subnetwork involved in actin filament binding and MAPK signaling pathway. The in vitro assay indicated lncRNA INHBA-AS1 and CCDC144NL-AS1 may positively related to the GC aggressive features, including proliferation, invasion and migration.Conclusion: In summary, we constructed a ceRNA network involved in the GC development. Moreover, we also identified 9 hub lncRNA-associated network related to prognosis of GC and validated two out of them as promising oncogenes. This may provide potential biomarkers or therapeutic target for GC in future.
An endoscopic dilation method using the rendezvous approach for the treatment of severe anastomotic stenosis after rectal cancer surgery: A case report
Authors: Nakashima Takuya , Matsuhahshi Nobuhisa , Suetsugu Tomonari , Iwata Yoshinori , Kiyama Shigeru , Takahashi Takao , Fukada Masahiro , Yasufuku Itaru , Sato Yuta , Imai Takeharu , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Okumura Naoki , Kubota Masaya , Ibuka Takashi , Shimizu Masato , Yoshida Kazuhiro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Postoperative anastomotic stenosis is a common complication in colorectal cancer patients (3-30%). Complete anastomotic stenosis is rare; however, when it occurs, almost all cases require surgical treatment. We herein report a case in which endoscopic dilation was effective for treating complete anastomotic stenosis after high anterior resection in a rectal cancer patient.Case presentation: The patient was a 67-year-old man who underwent laparoscopic high anterior resection for rectal cancer (Rs, 3/4circ, type2, pT4a, pN0, cM0, fStageII) in May 2018. The postoperative course was good and the patient was discharged on the 12th postoperative day. Subsequently adjuvant chemotherapy was initiated with oral uracil and tegafur plus leucovorin (UFT/LV); however, he complained of frequent defecation and melena after completion of the first course of chemotherapy. Thus, colonoscopy was performed, which revealed anastomotic stenosis. Endoscopic dilation was initially attempted, but failed. Thus, low anterior resection was performed with diverting colostomy. Four additional courses of chemotherapy were administered for one month after surgery. At six months after the second surgery, colonoscopy was performed, and complete anastomotic stenosis was pointed out again. The patient was successfully treated by endoscopic dilation using the rendezvous method. After this treatment, the lumen of the anastomotic site was observed to have narrowed again and endoscopic dilatation to treat anastomotic stenosis was repeated. In addition, he received local injection of steroids in anastomotic stenosis site. The lumen of anastomotic stenosis remained after the local injection of steroids and closure of colostomy was performed nine months after the second operation.Conclusions: Endoscopic dilation using the rendezvous method was effective for treating anastomotic stenosis after colorectal surgery.
Cavernous hemangioma of the mesorectum involving the rectum: A rare case report
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wu Bing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal hemangiomas are very rare and are even rarer in the mesentery. It is not known whether they originate in the bowel wall or the mesentery currently. Some studies have described mesenteric hemangiomas that originate in the bowel wall and extend into the mesentery. We herein describe a case of cavernous hemangioma of the mesorectum. Case presentation: A 31-year-old male presented with hematochezia and sensation of rectal tenesmus. Both the rectal MRI and contrast-enhanced CT scan of the whole abdomen indicated rectal wall thickening, marked dilated and tortuous vessels around the rectum. In addition, an anomalous vein had arisen from the superior mesenteric vein, extending down to the mesorectum. The patient underwent laparoscopic surgical resection of the mesorectal lesion and the involved portions of the rectum. The surgical samples underwent pathological analysis, and a diagnosis of mesenteric cavernous hemangioma was confirmed. Seven days after surgery, the patient was discharged without postoperative complications.Conclusion: Mesenteric hemangiomas are extremely rare tumors. In our present case, an anomalous vein had arisen from the superior mesenteric vein, extending down to the mesorectum. This findings suggest that the mesenteric hemangioma more likely originated in the mesentery.
Potential Treatment of Parkinson's Disease, Using Last-Generation Carbon Nanotubes: A Bimolecular In-Silico Study
Authors: Alimohammadi Ehsan , Nikzad Arash , Khedri Mohamad , Rezaeian Milad , Jahromi Ahmad Miri , Rezaei Nima , Maleki Reza 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. One of the underlying mechanisms of the disease is the accumulation of α-synuclein protein aggregates, including amyloids and Lewy bodies in the brain, resulting in the death of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra. The current treatments for PD are mainly focused on replacing dopamine. However, if these medications are stopped, the severity of PD will increase. Moreover, the drugs used for the treatment of PD are associated with considerable side effects and dietary restrictions. Therefore, necessary studies to develop more effective medications for PD seem to be indispensable. To prevent the progression of PD, avoiding the development of α-synuclein amyloids could be proposed. Methods: In this study, the effects of three last-generation nanotube-based structures on α-synuclein amyloid formation were investigated for the first time employing Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation tools. Molecular dynamics provide a deep insight into atomic interactions and can well study α-synuclein amyloid formation at the atomic and molecular scales.Results: The molecular study results indicated that all of the nanotubes studied in this work, had strong energy interactions with α-synuclein. Therefore, nanotubes using phosphorus, nitrogen and boron dopants, have great potential to prevent α-synuclein amyloid formation. Among these nanotubes, phosphorus-doped carbon nanotube (P-CNT) has the most substantial interactions with α-synuclein. The P-CNT caused more hydrogen bonds to be formed between water and α-synuclein molecules. This phenomenon leads to a decrease in the compactness, stability, and contact area of α-synuclein proteins, which results in considerable changes in the secondary structure of α-synuclein.Conclusions: Doping nanotubes especially P-CNT could be very effective for preventing the α-synuclein amyloid formation and hence, halting the progression of PD. This molecular study paves the way for the use of the Doping nanotubes in the treatment of PD. These structures are highly tunable and flexible. Therefore, the results of this work can be developed to computational, experimental and clinical levels.
LncRNA FAM83H-AS1 Amplification is Associated With a Poor Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Can Serve as A Therapeutic Target
Authors: Wang Siwei , Han Chencheng , Liu Tongyan , Ma Zhifei , Qiu Mantang , Wang Jie , Zheng Xiufen , Xu Weizhang , Xia Wenjia , Xu Youtao , Hu Jingwen , Xu Lin , Yin Rong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Few oncogenic drivers of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified and investigated. Identifying noncoding drivers provides potential strategies for novel interventions in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods: We constructed a machine learning model for driver gene annotation using pan-cancer and clinical prognosis data from OncoKB and TCGA to predict potential oncogenic drivers of lncRNAs; then, we used zebrafish models to validate the biological function of candidate targets. The full length of FAM83H-AS1 was obtained by rapid amplification of the cDNA ends (RACE) assay. RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), quantative mass spectrometry (QMS) and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) assays were utilized to explore the potential mechanisms. Additionally, we used CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system and patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) model to evaluate the therapeutic potential of targeting FAM83H-AS1 in vivo.Results: The results suggested that FAM83H-AS1 was a potential oncogenic driver from the chromosome 8q24 amplicon; increases in the expression of FAM83H-AS1 resulted in poor prognosis for LUAD patients both in JSCH and TCGA cohorts. Functional assays revealed that FAM83H-AS1 promotes malignant progression and inhibits apoptosis. Mechanistically, FAM83H-AS1 binds with HNRNPK to enhance the translation of oncogenes RAB8B and RAB14. Experiments using CRISPR interference (CRISPRi)-mediated xenografts and patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) models indicated that targeting FAM83H-AS1 inhibited LUAD progression in vivo. Conclusions: Our work demonstrated that FAM83H-AS1 is a potential oncogenic driver that inhibits LUAD-mediated apoptosis via the FAM83H-AS1-HNRNPK-RAB8B/RAB14 axis. Importantly, we suggest targeting of FAM83H-AS1 as a potential therapeutic strategy for LUAD.
Integrative analysis of the common genetic characteristics in ovarian cancer stem cells sorted by multiple approaches
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxiao , Su Yue , Wu Xue , Xiao Rourou , Wu Yifan , Yang Bin , Wang Zhen , Guo Lili , Kang Xiaoyan , Wang Changyu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Ovarian cancer is the second fatal malignancy of the female reproductive system. Based on the cancer stem cell (CSC) theory, its poor prognosis of ovarian cancer attributed to tumor recurrence caused by CSCs. A variety of cell surface-specific markers have been employed to identify ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs). In this study, we attempted to explore the common feature in ovarian cancer stem cells sorted by multiple approaches.Methods: We collected the gene expression profiles of OCSCs were from 5 public cohorts and employed R software and Bioconductor packages to establish differently expressed genes (DEGs) between OCSCs and parental cells. We extracted the integrated DEGs by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction and explored potential treatment by the Cellminer database.Results: We identified and integrated the DEGs of OCSCs sorted by multiple isolation approaches. Besides, we identified OCSCs share characteristics in the lipid metabolism and extracellular matrix changes. Moreover, we obtained sixteen co-expressed core genes, such as FOXQ1, MMP7, AQP5, RBM47, ETV4, NPW, SUSD2, SFRP2, IDO1, ANPEP, CXCR4, SCNN1A, SPP1 and IFI27 (upregulated) and SERPINE1, DUSP1, CD40, and IL6 (downregulated). Through correlation analysis, we screened out ten potential drugs to target the core genes.Conclusion: Based on the comprehensive analysis of the genomic datasets with different sorting methods of OCSCs, we figured out the common driving genes to regulating OCSC and obtained ten new potential therapies for eliminating ovarian cancer stem cells. Hence, the findings of our study might have potential clinical significance.
Influence of environmental factors on the detection of blood in sheep faeces using visible-near infrared spectroscopy as a measure of Haemonchus contortus infection
Authors: Kho Elise Ai Hwee , Fernandes Jill N. , Kotze Andrew C. , Fox Glen P. , Sikulu-Lord Maggy T. , Beasley Anne M. , Moore Stephen S. , James Peter J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Existing diagnostic methods for the parasitic gastrointestinal nematode, Haemonchus contortus, are time consuming and require specialised expertise, limiting their utility in the field. A practical, on-farm diagnostic tool could facilitate timely treatment decisions, preventing production and welfare loss in the flock. We previously demonstrated the ability of visible-near infrared (vis-NIR) spectroscopy to detect and quantify blood in sheep faeces with high accuracy. Here we investigate whether variation in sheep type and environment affect the prediction accuracy of vis-NIR spectroscopy in quantifying blood in faeces.Methods: Vis-NIR spectra were obtained from worm-free sheep faeces from different environments in South Australia (SA) and New South Wales (NSW), Australia and spiked with various sheep blood concentrations collected. Spectra were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA), and calibration models were built around the haemoglobin (Hb) wavelength region (387 – 609 nm) using partial least squares (PLS) regression. Models were used to predict Hb concentrations in spiked faeces from SA and naturally infected Queensland (QLD) faeces. Naturally occurring blood in QLD samples was quantified using Hemastix® and FAMACHA© scores.Results: PCA showed that location, class of sheep and pooled/individual samples were factors affecting the Hb predictions in sheep faeces. The calibration models successfully differentiated ‘healthy’ SA samples from those requiring anthelmintic treatment with moderate to good prediction accuracy (sensitivity: 57 – 94%, specificity: 44 – 79%). The models were not predictive for naturally infected QLD samples, which may be due in part to variability of faecal background and blood chemistry between samples, or the difference in validation methods used for blood quantification. PCA of QLD samples, however, identified a difference between samples containing high and low quantities of blood.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential of vis-NIR spectroscopy for estimating blood concentration in faeces from various types of sheep and environmental backgrounds. However, the calibration models developed here did not capture enough environmental variation to accurately predict Hb in faeces collected from environments different to those used in the calibration model. Consequently, it will be necessary to establish models that incorporate samples that are more representative of areas where H. contortus is endemic for the accurate prediction of H. contortus infections in these regions.
Cosmetic and Functional Results of a Newly Reconstructed Thumb by Combining the Phalange of Second Toe and the Great Toenail Flap Transplantation
Authors: Yin Yefeng , Tao Xiaomei , Li Yanzhao , Bao Buhe , Ying Ying , Bao Tuya , Wang Jiangning 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND Microsurgical toe-to-hand transfer is a gold standard when it comes to repairing a thumb defect. Great toenail flap, thumbnail valva flap, free great toe and second toe transplantation are the common methods in thumb reconstruction. Second toe transplantation achieves good function, but poor aesthetics. Great toe transplantation achieves better aesthetics, but hindered walking, due to the foot’s loss of the great toe and moreover suboptimal thumb function. It is difficult to maintain both functional and aesthetic satisfaction in thumb reconstruction.METHODS We experimented with three different methods of toe to hand transfer. From October 2009 to July 2019, 30 patients with traumatic thumb defects received one of 3 different kinds of thumb reconstruction in our clinic according to their level of amputation. Divided evenly into three groups of ten, group one received a great toe transplantation, group two received a second toe transplantation, and group three received a combined great toenail flap and second toe phalange transplantation. Each of the patients’ thumbs had different levels of amputation at the metatarsophalangeal joint (MPJ) or distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ). RESULTS 1 patient suffered from a partial flap necrosis and received a groin flap to cover the defect. No other thumbs had any complications. The functional and aesthetic results of both the donor and the recipient sites were satisfactory.CONCLUSIONS Compared to the great toe or second toe transfer, combined free transfer of the great toenail flap and 2nd toe phalange achieved a substantially better functional and aesthetic result in the thumb reconstruction.
Socioeconomic Inequalities in Hypertension in Kenya: A Decomposition Analysis of 2015 Kenya STEPwise Survey on Non-communicable Diseases Risk Factors
Authors: Gatimu Samwel Maina , John Thomas Wiswa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
IntroductionOne in four Kenyans have raised blood pressure. Despite this high prevalence of hypertension and known association between socioeconomic status and hypertension, there is a paucity of evidence on inequality in raised blood pressure in Kenya. Hence, we quantified the socioeconomic inequality in hypertension in Kenya and decomposed the determinants contributing to such inequality.MethodsWe used data from the 2015 Kenya STEP wise survey for non-communicable diseases risk factors. We included 4,398 respondents aged 18–69 years. We estimated the socioeconomic inequality using the concentration index (C) and decomposed the C using Wag staff decomposition analysis.ResultsThe overall concentration index of hypertension in Kenya was − 0.08 (95% CI: −0.14, − 0.02; p = 0.007), showing socioeconomic inequalities in hypertension disfavouring the poor population. Half (52.8%) of the pro-rich inequalities in hypertension was explained by body mass index (52.8%) while 21.1% by socioeconomic factors (paid employment (9.3%), education (7.7%) and poorest wealth quintile (4.1%)) and 17.6% by demographic factors (female gender (11.8%), age (5.2%) and marital status (0.6%)). Regional differences explained 8.1% of the estimated inequality with the Central region alone explaining 6.9% of the observed inequality. Our model explained 98.3% of the estimated socioeconomic inequality in hypertension in Kenya with a small non-explained part of the inequality (− 0.001).ConclusionThe present study shows substantial socioeconomic inequalities in hypertension in Kenya, mainly explained by metabolic risk factors (body mass index), individual health behaviours, and socioeconomic factors. Kenya needs gender- and equity-focused interventions to curb the rising burden of hypertension and inequalities in hypertension.