bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revised annotation and extended characterizations of components of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii SUMOylation system
Authors: Lin Yen‐Ling , Chung Chin‐Lin , Huang Pin‐jui , Chen Chun‐Han , Fang Su‐Chiung 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSmall ubiquitin‐like modifier (SUMO) conjugation, or SUMOylation, is a reversible post‐translational modification that is important for regulation of many cellular processes including cell division cycle in the eukaryotic kingdom. However, only a portion of the components of the Chlamydomonas SUMOylation system are known and their functions and regulation investigated. The present studies are aimed at extending discovery and characterization of new components and improving the annotation and nomenclature of all known proteins and genes involved in the system. Even though only one copy of the heterodimerized SUMO‐activating enzyme, SAE1 and SAE2, was identified, the number of SUMO‐conjugating enzymes (SCEs) and SUMO proteases/isopeptidase was expanded in Chlamydomonas. Using the reconstituted SUMOylation system, we showed that SCE1, SCE2, and SCE3 have SUMO‐conjugating activity. In addition to SUMOylation, components required for other post‐translational modifications such as NEDDylation, URMylation, and UFMylation, were confirmed to be present in Chlamydomonas. Our data also showed that besides isopeptidase activity, the SUMO protease domain of SUPPRESSOR OF MAT3 7/SENTRIN‐SPECIFIC PROTEASE 1 (SMT7/SENP1) has endopeptidase activity that is capable of processing SUMO precursors. Moreover, the key cell cycle regulators of Chlamydomonas E2F1, DP1, CDKG1, CYCD2, and CYCD3 were SUMOylated in vitro, suggesting SUMOylation may be part of regulatory pathway modulating cell cycle regulators.
Donor‐acceptor copolymers from cyclopentannulation polymerizations with dicyclopenta[cd,jk]pyrene and dicyclopenta[cd,lm] perylene acceptors
Authors: Uddin Ain , Plunkett Kyle N. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA series of donor‐acceptor copolymers with dicyclopenta[cd,jk]pyrene and dicyclopenta[cd,lm]perylene acceptor units was prepared via palladium catalyzed cyclopenta‐annulation reactions. The acceptor units were paired with diethynyl containing donor groups based on benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b’]dithiophene, thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene, and 4‐octyl‐4H‐dithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]pyrrole to create six polymer variants. The cyclopentannulation polymerization resulted in copolymers with molecular weights (Mn) of 6–14 kDa and broad light absorption in the visible region with band gaps of 1.38–1.85 eV. The synthetic methodology, as well as optoelectronic properties, including thin‐film absorption and cyclic voltammetry, of the donor‐acceptor copolymers are presented.
The economic impact of Drosophila suzukii: perceived costs and revenue losses of Swiss cherry, plum and grape growers
Authors: Knapp Ladina , Mazzi Dominique , Finger Robert 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDDrosophila suzukii can lead to substantial damages in horticultural production. In this article we analyze revenue losses and cost increases due to D. suzukii as perceived of Swiss cherry, plum and grape growers. Moreover, we investigate associations between farm and grower characteristics and revenue losses and perceived costs increases. We surveyed Swiss growers of cherries, plums and grapes repeatedly in the period 2016–2018 (N = 1572).RESULTSWe find that 76% of cherry, plum and grape growers faced additional costs due to D. suzukii. In contrast, yield losses due to D. suzukii infestation were small on average, but nevertheless high for some growers. We find substantial heterogeneity in perceived costs and revenue losses across crops, years and farms. Larger farms are found to face lower perceived additional costs, suggesting scale effects in prevention and control of D. suzukii. Growers with a higher inter‐varietal diversity perceived additional costs to be higher. Furthermore, organic farming was negatively associated with expected additional costs.CONCLUSIONOur results suggest that the economic impact of invasive species such as D. suzukii goes far beyond reductions in yield quantity and quality, but rather stems from higher costs due to the need to establish preventive and control measures. Heterogeneity in costs and revenue losses suggests that policy measures to support growers need to be tailored to crops and farm types. Policies supporting improvements of measures against D. suzukii and other newly occurring alien pests and reduce additional costs such as more efficient preventive and control measures merit further encouragement.
Gain‐phase information based robust control theory
Authors: Pak Ji Min , Hong So Hon 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThis article presents new approaches for analyzing and designing the robust control system by using both the gain and phase information. These approaches aim to relax the stability condition and further improve the system performance than the H∞‐robust control theory. The contributions of this article are: (i) to propose a new gain‐phase (GP‐) robust stability theorem which can further relax the stability condition than the small‐gain theorem by using both the gain and phase information of uncertainty, (ii) to propose a new GP‐mixed sensitivity problem which can further improve the system performance than the mixed sensitivity method by using the GP‐robust stability theorem instead of the small‐gain one, (iii) to develop the WΩ‐K iteration algorithm to solve the GP‐mixed sensitivity problem and to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method through the design example of automotive fuel control system, and (iv) to formulate a new Ψ‐control problem with phase optimality criterion and an H∞/Ψ‐mixed control problem with both the gain and phase optimality criteria, to derive their solution for SISO output feedback systems and to show their effectiveness through two design examples.
Research on uniaxial compressive behavior of high‐strength spiral stirrups confined circular ultra‐high performance concrete columns
Authors: Li Jiayue , Deng Zongcai , Yao Junsuo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo study the uniaxial compressive behavior and constitutive relationship of high‐strength spiral stirrups confined circular ultra‐high performance concrete (UHPC) columns, an experimental investigation was presented. In this research, 14 confined UHPC columns and seven unconfined UHPC columns were tested to investigate the effects of the stirrup spacing, stirrup yield strength, and steel fibers volume content on the compressive behavior of the UHPC columns. The test results indicated that transverse reinforcement can effectively improve the deformation capacity of the UHPC columns, and all the confined UHPC columns showed ductile failure. The results also demonstrated that the high‐strength stirrup was more effective than normal‐strength stirrup for improving the post‐peak behavior of the confined UHPC. Compared with the stirrup strength, the volumetric ratio of transverse reinforcement had a more significant effect on the post‐peak ductility and toughness of the confined UHPC columns. Transverse reinforcement and steel fibers had a combined effect on improving the post‐peak behavior. Reducing the stirrup spacing or increasing the steel fibers volume content can better improve the axial compressive behavior of columns. A new constitutive model for confined UHPC was proposed. Compared with four existing models, this new model was in good agreement with the experimental curves.
Shape dependence of renormalized holographic entanglement entropy
Authors: Anastasiou Giorgos , Moreno Javier , Olea Rodrigo , Rivera-Betancour David 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We study the holographic entanglement entropy of deformed entangling regions in three-dimensional CFTs dual to Einstein-AdS gravity, using a renormalization scheme based on the addition of extrinsic counterterms. In this prescription, when even- dimensional manifolds are considered, the universal contribution to the entanglement entropy is identified as the renormalized volume of the Ryu-Takayanagi hypersurface, which is written as the sum of a topological and a curvature term. It is shown that the change in the renormalized entanglement entropy due to the deformation of the entangling surface is encoded purely in the curvature contribution. In turn, as the topological part is given by the Euler characteristic of the Ryu-Takayanagi surface, it remains shape independent. Exploiting the covariant character of the extrinsic counterterms, we apply the renormalization scheme for the case of deformed entangling regions in AdS4/CFT3, recovering the results found in the literature. Finally, we provide a derivation of the relation between renormalized entanglement entropy and Willmore energy. The presence of a lower bound of the latter makes manifest the relation between the AdS curvature of the Ryu-Takayanagi surface and the strong subadditivity property.
Asymptotic symmetries and celestial CFT
Authors: Donnay Laura , Pasterski Sabrina , Puhm Andrea 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We provide a unified treatment of conformally soft Goldstone modes which arise when spin-one or spin-two conformal primary wavefunctions become pure gauge for certain integer values of the conformal dimension ∆. This effort lands us at the crossroads of two ongoing debates about what the appropriate conformal basis for celestial CFT is and what the asymptotic symmetry group of Einstein gravity at null infinity should be. Finite energy wavefunctions are captured by the principal continuous series ∆ ∈ 1 + iℝ and form a complete basis. We show that conformal primaries with analytically continued conformal dimension can be understood as certain contour integrals on the principal series. This clarifies how conformally soft Goldstone modes fit in but do not augment this basis. Conformally soft gravitons of dimension two and zero which are related by a shadow transform are shown to generate superrotations and non-meromorphic diffeomorphisms of the celestial sphere which we refer to as shadow superrotations. This dovetails the Virasoro and Diff(S2) asymptotic symmetry proposals and puts on equal footing the discussion of their associated soft charges, which correspond to the stress tensor and its shadow in the two-dimensional celestial CFT.
Functional equations and separation of variables for exact g-function
Authors: Caetano João , Komatsu Shota 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The g-function is a measure of degrees of freedom associated to a boundary of two-dimensional quantum field theories. In integrable theories, it can be computed exactly in a form of the Fredholm determinant, but it is often hard to evaluate numerically. In this paper, we derive functional equations — or equivalently integral equations of the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz (TBA) type — which directly compute the g-function in the simplest integrable theory; the sinh-Gordon theory at the self-dual point. The derivation is based on the classic result by Tracy and Widom on the relation between Fredholm determinants and TBA, which was used also in the context of topological string. We demonstrate the efficiency of our formulation through the numerical computation and compare the results in the UV limit with the Liouville CFT. As a side result, we present multiple integrals of Q-functions which we conjecture to describe a universal part of the g-function, and discuss its implication to integrable spin chains.
Immuntherapien zur Behandlung der chronischen Hepatitis-B-Virusinfektion – eine Übersicht unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von CAR-T-Zellen
Authors: Ivics Zoltan , Amberger Maximilian , Zahn Tobias , Hildt Eberhard 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDerzeit leiden weltweit mehr als 250 Mio. Menschen an einer chronischen Infektion mit Hepatitis-B-Virus (CHB). Eine chronische Infektion geht mit einem erhöhten Risiko der Entwicklung einer Leberfibrose/-zirrhose und der Entwicklung eines hepatozellulären Karzinoms einher. Derzeit versterben jährlich ca. 0,8–1 Mio. Menschen an den Folgen einer chronischen Infektion. Eine Schwierigkeit bei der Therapie der CHB besteht darin, dass das virale Genom in Form eines Minichroms sehr lange Zeit persistieren kann bzw. dass virale Sequenzen in das Wirtsgenom inserieren können. Chronische Infektionen sind häufig durch funktionale Defekte der zellulären Immunantwort, insbesondere der T‑Zell-Antwort charakterisiert, was einer Eliminierung HBV-infizierter Zellen entgegensteht.Immuntherapien zur Heilung der CHB zielen daher darauf ab, die antivirale Funktion der zellulären Immunantwort wiederherzustellen. Im Rahmen dieser Übersicht sollen verschiedene aktuelle Ansätze zur Immuntherapie der CHB beschrieben werden, insbesondere gentechnisch veränderte autologe T‑Zellen als mögliches Werkzeug zur Therapie der CHB. Weiterhin werden die Modulation von Checkpointinhibitoren der Immunantwort, metabolische T‑Zelltherapien und die therapeutische Impfung zur Stimulation der T‑Zellantwort als immuntherapeutische Strategien zur Therapie der chronischen HBV-Infektion zusammenfassend dargestellt.
Trinkwasserbefunde – Auswertung langjähriger Daten der Trinkwassertemperatur und mikrobiologischer Parameter mit Indikatorfunktion
Authors: Schönher Christoph , Kerschbaumer David , Proksch Philipp , Perfler Reinhard 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Bereitstellung von mikrobiologisch sicherem Trinkwasser ist eine der Hauptaufgaben der Trinkwasserversorgungsinfrastruktur. Regelmäßige Trinkwasseruntersuchungen sind ein wesentlicher Garant zur Einhaltung hygienischer Anforderungen und können in der Zusammenschau Hinweise auf längerfristige Entwicklungen und generelle Zusammenhänge liefern. Im Rahmen eines Projekts zur Ermittlung des Temperatureinflusses in der Trinkwasserversorgung wurde vom Land Niederösterreich ein anonymisierter Auszug der Befunddatenbank zur Auswertung übermittelt. Der wesentliche Fokus liegt dementsprechend auf der Analyse der Temperaturmessungen im Zusammenhang mit den mikrobiologischen Parameter KBE bei 22 °C, 37 °C und den coliformen Bakterien. Zudem wurden die meisten Auswertungen für den Bereich der Trinkwasserverteilung vorgenommen.Hinsichtlich langfristiger Trends zeigen die Daten eine jährliche Zunahme der gemessenen Temperatur bei Netzprobenahmen von etwa 0,064 °C. Perioden mit sehr hohen Werten (>20 °C) der Wassertemperatur wurden im August 2015 und 2018 verzeichnet (jede dritte Netzprobe). Überwiegend abnehmende Trends wurden für die mikrobiologischen Parameter ermittelt. Für die KBE bei 22 °C beträgt der Rückgang etwa 0,5 KBE/ml pro Jahr. Trotz dieser gegenläufigen Tendenzen ist nicht davon auszugehen, dass die Zunahme der Temperaturen keine (negativen) Auswirkungen auf die mikrobiologische Situation haben kann. Im Rahmen einer Regressionsanalyse wurde der Einfluss der Temperatur für die KBE bei 37 °C als signifikant ermittelt. So erhöht eine Zunahme der Temperatur von 15 °C auf 20 °C die Wahrscheinlichkeit von Werten >20 KBE/ml von 0,077 auf 0,109. Dieser Befund ist aus mikrobiologischer Hinsicht als plausibel zu bezeichnen, wenngleich die Temperatur hier auch lediglich längere Netzaufenthaltszeiten anzeigen könnte. Der Einfluss weiterer Faktoren, etwa des Organik-Gehalts im Wasser, kann aufgrund der Datenlage weniger gut abgebildet werden, ist aber sicher als ebenso wichtig zu bezeichnen.
What Do Business Executives Think About Distributive Justice?
Authors: Burri Susanne , Lup Daniela , Pepper Alexander 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhile there exist extensive literatures on both distributive justice and senior executive pay, and a number of authors (notably the French economist Thomas Piketty) have addressed the implications of high pay for distributive justice, the existing literature fails to address what senior executives themselves think about distributive justice and whether they consider high income inequalities to be morally acceptable. We address this gap by analysing a unique dataset comprising the views of over 1000 senior executives from across the world, which was constructed using a survey instrument designed by the authors based on a thought experiment resembling John Rawls’s original position. We report four main findings. First, executives conceptualise distributive justice in a pluralistic manner, endorsing different and sometimes apparently conflicting philosophical principles: to explain how this plurality can be accounted for we propose a novel field-theory framework for conceptualising beliefs about distributive justice. Second, executives support similar philosophical approaches at both society and company levels of analysis, thus countering the idea that companies should leave matters of distributive justice exclusively for governments to deal with via the tax system. Third, executives believe that they live in societies and work for companies that fall short of desirable distributive justice outcomes. Fourth, the distributive justice views of the executives in our sample fall into four distinct clusters that are correlated with certain socio-demographic markers. Finally, we note the distinction between distributive justice beliefs and behaviours, from which we derive a number of managerial and public policy implications.
The Failure of the Court to Protect Consumers: A Review of Consumer Dispute Resolution in Indonesia
Authors: Syamsudin M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIndonesia needs strong measures to protect its consumers, which leads to the creation of the Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK) as an arbiter to settle disputes between consumers and businesses efficiently. The Indonesian Supreme Court (MARI) has set aside an alarming number of BPSK arbitral awards, putting the entire system in jeopardy. The aims of this study are to examine the empirical data on MARI’s decisions in setting aside arbitral awards and analyse their decision-making process. This research shows how MARI has been interpreting the statue promulgating the BPSK very narrowly. The result of MARI’s interpretation of the law has deep implications for consumer protection in Indonesia, namely that the public trust in the enforcement of Consumer Protection Law by BPSK has been severely diminishing, leaving consumers without meaningful access to justice or protection of their rights.
Multiscale effects of habitat and surrounding matrices on waterbird diversity in the Yangtze River Floodplain
Authors: Gao Boyu , Gong Peng , Zhang Wenyuan , Yang Jun , Si Yali 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Context
With the expansion in urbanization, understanding how biodiversity responds to the altered landscape becomes a major concern. Most studies focus on habitat effects on biodiversity, yet much less attention has been paid to surrounding landscape matrices and their joint effects.

Objective
We investigated how habitat and landscape matrices affect waterbird diversity across scales in the Yangtze River Floodplain, a typical area with high biodiversity and severe human-wildlife conflict.

Methods
The compositional and structural features of the landscape were calculated at fine and coarse scales. The ordinary least squares regression model was adopted, following a test showing no significant spatial autocorrelation in the spatial lag and spatial error models, to estimate the relationship between landscape metrics and waterbird diversity.

Results
Well-connected grassland and shrub surrounded by isolated and regular-shaped developed area maintained higher waterbird diversity at fine scales. Regular-shaped developed area and cropland, irregular-shaped forest, and aggregated distribution of wetland and shrub positively affected waterbird diversity at coarse scales.

Conclusions
Habitat and landscape matrices jointly affected waterbird diversity. Regular-shaped developed area facilitated higher waterbird diversity and showed the most pronounced effect at coarse scales. The conservation efforts should not only focus on habitat quality and capacity, but also habitat connectivity and complexity when formulating development plans. We suggest planners minimize the expansion of the developed area into critical habitats and leave buffers to maintain habitat connectivity and shape complexity to reduce the disturbance to birds. Our findings provide important insights and practical measures to protect biodiversity in human-dominated landscapes.
Safety metric profiling in surgery for temporal glioblastoma: lobectomy as a supra-total resection regime preserves perioperative standard quality rates
Authors: Schneider Matthias , Ilic Inja , Potthoff Anna-Laura , Hamed Motaz , Schäfer Niklas , Velten Markus , Güresir Erdem , Herrlinger Ulrich , Borger Valeri , Vatter Hartmut , Schuss Patrick 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Supra-total resection in terms of anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) has gained growing attention with regard to superior long-term disease control for temporal-located glioblastoma. However, aggressive onco-surgical approaches—geared beyond conventional gross total resections (GTR)—may be associated with peri- and postoperative unfavorable events which significantly worsen initial favorable postoperative outcome. In the current study we analyzed our institutional database with regard to patient safety indicators (PSIs), hospital-acquired conditions (HACs) and specific cranial surgery-related complications (CSC) as high standard quality metric profiles in patients that had undergone surgery for temporal glioblastoma.

Methods
Between 2012 and 2018, 61 patients with temporal glioblastoma underwent GTR or temporal lobectomy at the authors’ institution. Both groups of differing resection modalities were analyzed with regard to the incidence of PSIs, HACs and CSCs.

Results
Overall, we found 6 PSI and 2 HAC events. Postoperative hemorrhage (3 out of 61 patients; 5%) and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (2 out 61 patients; 3%) were identified as the most frequent PSIs and HACs. PSIs were present in 1 out of 41 patients (5%) for the temporal GTR and 2 out of 20 patients for the lobectomy group (p = 1.0). Respective rates for PSIs were 5 of 41 (12%) and 1 of 20 (5%) (p = 0.7). Further, CSCs did not yield significant differences between these two resection modalities (p = 1.0).

Conclusion
With regard to ATL and GTR as differing onco-surgical approaches these data suggest ATL in terms of an aggressive supra-total resection strategy to preserve perioperative standard safety metric profiles.