bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and genetic analysis of EMS-mutagenized wheat mutants conferring lesion-mimic premature aging
Authors: Kong Weiwei , Wang Liming , Cao Pei , Li Xingfeng , Ji Jingjing , Dong Puhui , Yan Xuefang , Wang Chunping , Wang Honggang , Sun Jiaqiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Lesion-mimic and premature aging ( lmpa ) mutant lm pa 1 was identified from the ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutant library in the bread wheat variety Keda 527 (KD527) background. To reveal the genetic basis of l mpa 1 mutant, phenotypic observations and analyses of chlorophyll content and photosynthesis were carried out in l mpa 1 , KD527 and their F 1 and F 2 derivatives. Further, bulked segregation analysis (BSA) in combination with a 660K SNP Chip were conducted on the F 2 segregation population of l mpa 1 /Chinese spring(CS) to locate the l mpa 1 gene.

Results: Most agronomic traits of l mpa 1 were similar to those of KD527 before lesion-like spots appeared. Genetic analysis indicated that the F 1 plants from the crossing of l mpa 1 and KD527 exhibited the l mpa phenotype and the F 2 progenies showed a segregation of normal (wild type, WT) and l mpa , with the ratios of l mpa :WT=124:36（χ 2 =1.008<=3.841), indicating that l mpa is a dominant mutation. The combination of BSA and the SNP Chip analysis of CS, l mpa 1 and l mpa 1 /CS F 2 WT pool (50 plants) and l mpa pool (50 plants) showed that polymorphic SNPs were enriched on chromosome 5A, within a region of 30-40 Mb, indicating that the wheat premature aging gene Lmpa1 was probably located on the short arm of chromosome 5A.

Conclusions: EMS-mutagenized mutant lmpa 1 deriving from elite wheat line KD527 conferred lmpa . lmpa phenotype of l mpa 1 mutant is controlled by a single dominant allele designated as Lmpa1 , which affected wheat growth and development and reduced the thousand grain weight ( tgw ) of single plant in wheat. The gene Lmpa1 was tentatively located within the region of 30-40 Mb near to the short arm of chromosome 5A.
Indocyanine Green Fluorescence-Guided Intraoperative Detection of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: Systematic Review.
Authors: Baiocchi Gian Luca , Gheza Federico , Molfino Sarah , Arru Luca , Vaira Marco , Giacopuzzi Simone 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND. To review the available clinical data about the value of Indocyanine Green (ICG) fluorescence imaging for intraoperative detection of peritoneal carcinomatosis. METHODS. We conducted a systematic review, according to the PRISMA guidelines, for clinical series investigating the possible role of ICG fluorescence imaging in detecting peritoneal carcinomatosis during surgical treatment of abdominal malignancies. Key words for search were “indocyanine green”, “carcinomatosis”, “peritoneum”, “fluorescence”. Papers including trials with fluorophores other than ICG were excluded. Papers including in vitro and experimental animals series were also excluded. We extracted data on patients and cancer features, timing, dose and modality of ICG administration, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of fluorescence diagnosis of peritoneal nodules. RESULTS. Out of 192 screened papers, we finally retrieved 7 series reporting ICG-guided detection of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Two papers reported the same cases, thus only 6 series were analyzed, for a total of 71 patients. The investigated tumors were colorectal carcinomas in 28 cases, hepatocellular carcinoma in 16 cases, ovarian cancer in 26 cases and endometrial cancer in 1 case. In all but 4 cases, the clinical setting was an elective intervention in patients known as having peritoneal carcinomatosis. No series reported a laparoscopic procedure. Technical data of ICG management were consistent across the studies. Overall, 353 lesions were singularly analyzed and evaluated. Sensitivity varied from 72.4–100%, specificity from 54.2–100%. Two series reported that planned intervention changed in 25% and 29% of patients, respectively. CONCLUSION. Indocyanine Green based fluorescence of peritoneal carcinomatosis is a promising intraoperative tool for detection and characterization of peritoneal nodules in patients with colorectal, hepatocellular, ovarian carcinomas. Further prospective studies are needed, including stanging laparoscopy for pancreato-biliary, gastric cancer and other abdominal malignancies with frequent spread to peritoneum.
A Simple and Economic Limewater-based Conversion of Spirostanol Saponins: Using Paridis Rhizoma as a case study
Authors: Yu Lizhen , Bu Fengjiao , Shen Xuebin , Xiong Ying , Fan Yong , Liu Limin , Nian Sihui 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Green and economic conversion of spirostanol saponins in the plant is considered as an attracting area in pharmaceutical applications. We aimed to provide a practical paradigm named limewater-based conversion of spirostanol saponins (LCSS), meanwhile, a widely-used traditional Chinese herbal medicine, Paridis Rhizoma (PR), was selected as a case study.
Methods

Based on single factor experiments, response surface methodology (RSM) using a Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize processing time, limewater concentration and solvent volume to obtain a maximum total saponins yield from PR. H1299, A549 and HeLa cell lines was carried out to check pharmacological effect of Crude Paridis Rhizoma (CPR) and Processed Paridis Rhizoma (PPR), and the technology was reconfirmed by another herbal medicine, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (AR).
Results

The optimal conditions were: processing time of 24 h, limewater concentration of 0.12% limewater and solvent volume of 60 mL/30 g. Under these conditions, the contents of polyphyllin VII, polyphyllin II, dioscin, gracillin, and polyphyllin I had 1.131 ± 0.448, 1.835 ± 0.479, 1.430 ± 0.550, 1.761 ± 0.571 and 1.668 ± 0.360 times increasing in four batches of PR, which was responsible for the increasing of total spirostanol saponins (TSS) in PPR. In addition, the extracts of PPR exhibited stronger antitumor potential than that of CPR on H1299, A549 and HeLa cell lines based on MTT test and cell scratch test. The efficiency of proposed LCSS was then reconfirmed by Anemarrhenae Rhizome (AR), indicating its capacity in broader application.
Conclusion

This study depicted a LCSS strategy that may have great potential in achieving effective and economic improvement of spirostanol saponin accumulation in herbal medicines.
Drug resistance markers within an evolving efficacy of anti-malarial drugs in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Niba Peter Thelma Ngwa , Nji Akindeh M. , Evehe Marie-Solange , Ali Innocent M. , Netongo Palmer Masumbe , Ngwafor Randolph , Moyeh Marcel N. , Ngum Lesley Ngum , Ndum Oliva Ebie , Acho Fon Abongwa , Mbu'u Cyrille Mbanwi , Fosah Dorothy A. , Atogho-Tiedeu Barbara , Achonduh-Atijegbe Olivia , Dadjeu Rosine , Chedjou Jean Paul Kengne , Bigoga Jude D. , Moukoko Carole Else Eboumbou , Ajua Anthony , Achidi Eric , Tallah Esther , Leke Rose G. F. , Tourgordi Alexis , Ringwald Pascal , Alifrangis Michael , Mbacham Wilfred F. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Cameroon remains a country faced with high malaria burden despite enormous efforts made in the control of the disease. The rapid development and dispersal of mutations associated with anti-malarial drug resistance influenced policy changes from the use of chloroquine, amodiaquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine to the adoption of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Different studies have identified the frequency of key markers in Plasmodium falciparum associated with drug resistance without a clear picture on the localisation of potential hotspots that may drive the emergence of resistance to the currently used ACTs. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the prevalence and distribution of P. falciparum drug resistance markers within an evolving efficacy of anti-malarial drugs in Cameroon from 1990 to present.Methods The PRISMA, PRISMA-P and STREGA statements will be adopted in the quality assessments of studies to be included in this review. The electronic databases of Medline via Pubmed, Google Scholar and Science Direct will be searched by two independent researchers using different MeSH terms and Boolean operators (AND, OR). More so, unpublished data that will be sourced from academic libraries will also be extracted. Quantitative syntheses will be done using the “metaphor” and “meta” commands in the R statistical software package version 3.5.2. Heterogeneity will be assessed using Cochrane Q and the I2. The random effect model will be used as benchmark to combine studies showing heterogeneity.Discussion The primary outcome of this review is to identify and describe molecular markers conferring drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum parasites that have been circulating for a period of over 30 years in Cameroon. This review will be able to pool data from previously published and unpublished studies on anti-malarial drug resistance gene mutations. This will provide evidence to support the continuous use of ACTs in the treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria. Moreover, it is also hoped that potential hotspots driving the emergence and spread of anti-malarial resistance markers will be identified.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO submission identification number is 162620
Development and implementation of a prototype pilot hydrogen generation plant using solar energy in rural areas
Authors: Torres Roberto , Acuña Claudio , Leiva Claudio , Poblete Diego 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWorldwide, hydrogen is being regarded as a fuel of the future due to its abundance and the byproducts generated by its combustion. However, mass production of hydrogen gas is a problem complex, since it entails large energy costs. In this work, three prototypes, based on standard and low cost materials, for the production of hydrogen were used, varying the way of generating hydrogen by electrolysis and the way of using the hydrogen produced, either by storing it or to be use in burners in kitchen.ResultsIt was found that the operating temperatures oscillate between 60 to 90 degrees Celsius. The system of rectangular plates with bipolar dry cell electrolyzer obtained a H2 generation of 0.1 m3/hr with an energy consumption of 553.6 [kW/m3 H2] operating at 2 [atm], on the other hand, the unipolar collector with points generated 0.02 m3/hr 20/60 standard liters per H2 with a consumption of 144 [kW/m3] operating at 1 [atm] this was the most efficient device with a 26 % efficiency considering the solar energy used.ConclusionA low cost prototype was created which allows the use of solar energy, allowing the energy storage in the form of H2. It can be used in a rural area to be injected in kitchen burners, reducing LPG (liquefied petroleoum gas) consumptions and contributing to the sustainable development.
Triglycerides to Total Cholesterol Ratio: An Early Screening Tool for NAFLD in Chinese Populations
Authors: Chen Jingyuan , Yang Yiping , Wang Jiangang , Chen Zhiheng , Yuan Hong , Lu Yao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has a high prevalence in the general population worldwide. Both triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) are correlated with the prevalence of NAFLD. The study purpose is to determine whether TG/TC is an effective method to screen NAFLD in the general Chinese population.Methods: 93,449 subjects with average age of 43.7 ± 14.3 years were included in this cross-sectional study. Multiple logistic regressions and receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analyses were performed.Results: Among these subjects, 16,138 (42.7%) men and 9,591 (17.2%) women were diagnosed with NAFLD. Subjects in the higher quartiles of TG/TC had a higher prevalence of NAFLD. After adjusting multiple confounding factors, the odds ratio (OR) for NAFLD in the highest compared with the lowest quartile was 4.08 (95%CI 3.64, 4.57) in men and 4.65 (95%CI 4.14, 5.21) in women. Moreover, ROC analyses suggested TG/TC showed high diagnostic ability for detecting NAFLD, and the areas under the curves (AUC) in men and women were 0.920 (95%CI 0.917, 0.923) and 0.863 (95%CI 0.859, 0.867), respectively. Furthermore, the diagnostic ability was significantly higher in younger age groups. The AUC in 18–34 and 35–44 years group were 0.943 (95%CI 0.939, 0.946) and 0.921 (95%CI 0.917, 0.925), respectively. Besides, the women and the young people had a greater negative predictive values (90.84% for women, 93.13% for aged 18–34).Conclusion: TG/TC shows a high diagnostic accuracy for identifying NAFLD in young women, providing an important clue to establish a new tool to screen NAFLD particularly in Chinese young females.
“Having More Women Humanitarian Leaders Will Help Transform The Humanitarian System”: Challenges and Opportunities for Women Leaders in Conflict and Humanitarian Health
Authors: Patel Preeti , Meagher Kristen , Achi Nassim El , Ekzayez Abdulkarim , Sullivan Richard , Bowsher Gemma 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background It is estimated that over 40 percent of the half a million humanitarian workers who provide frontline care during emergencies, wars and disasters, are women. Women are at the forefront of improving health for conflict-affected populations through service delivery, education and capacity strengthening, advocacy and research. Women are also disproportionately affected by conflict and humanitarian emergencies. The growing evidence base demonstrating excess female morbidity and mortality reflects the necessity of evaluating the role of women in leadership driving health research, policy and programmatic interventions in conflict-related humanitarian contexts. Despite global commitments to improving gender equality, the issue of women leaders in conflict and humanitarian health has been given little or no attention.Methods A desk-based literature review of academic and grey sources was conducted followed by thematic analysis.Results There is very limited evidence on women leaders in conflict and humanitarian health. But some data shows that women have leadership skills that help to support more inclusive solutions which are incredibly important in this sector. However, deeply imbedded discrimination against women at the organisational, cultural, social, financial and political levels is exacerbated in conflict which makes it more challenging for women to progress in such settings. Building on the available opportunities and initiatives and on inspirational experiences of the limited number of women leaders in this field, recommendations for empowering and supporting women leadership in conflict health are presented.Conclusion Advocating for women leaders in conflict and health in the humanitarian sector, governmental bodies, academia and the global health community is crucial to increasing effective interventions that adequately address the complexity and diversity of humanitarian crises.Key Messages:· More women leaders can transform the humanitarian system to better meet the health needs of those affected by conflict and humanitarian emergencies· Women are significantly under-represented in the most senior humanitarian leadership roles· Patriarchal attitudes restrict women’s aspiration to becoming leaders in several conflict-affected societies· Humanitarian leadership teams that are more diverse and inclusive perform better· Organisational culture across the conflict and humanitarian health domain significantly hinders women pursuing leadership roles· Inclusive environments to enable women to become leaders creates broader understanding of the global health system
A Systematic Review of PTSD to the Experience of Psychosis: Prevalence and Associated Factors
Authors: Buswell Georgina , Haime Zoë , Lloyd-Evans Brynmor , Billings Jo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Psychosis can be a sufficiently traumatic event to lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous research has focussed on the trauma of first episode psychosis (FEP) and the only review to date of PTSD beyond the first episode period is potentially outdated.Methods We searched electronic databases and reference lists using predetermined inclusion criteria to retrieve studies that reported prevalence rates and associated factors of psychosis-related PTSD across all stages of the course of psychosis. Studies were included if they measured PTSD specifically related to the experience of psychosis. Risk of bias was assessed using an adapted version of the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Results were synthesised narratively.Results Six papers met inclusion criteria. Prevalence estimates of psychosis-related PTSD varied from 14–47%. Studies either assessed first-episode samples or did not specify the number of episodes experienced. Depression was consistently associated with psychosis-related PTSD. Other potential associations included treatment-related factors, psychosis severity, childhood trauma, and individual psychosocial reactions to trauma.Conclusions Psychosis-related PTSD is a common problem in people with psychosis. There is a lack of published research on this beyond first episode psychosis. Further research is needed on larger, more generalizable samples. Our results tentatively suggest that prevalence rates of psychosis-related PTSD have not reduced over the past decade despite ambitions to provide trauma-informed care.
Influence of Charging Oil Condition on Torque Converter Cavitation Characteristics
Authors: Liu Cheng , GUO Meng , Yan Qingdong , Wei Wei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Cavitation inside a torque converter induces noise, vibration and even failure, and these effects have been disregarded in previous torque converter design processes. However, modern high-capacity torque converter applications require attention to this issue. Therefore, this study investigated the cavitation effect on a torque converter using both numerical and experimental methods with an emphasis on the influence of the charging oil feed location and charge pressure. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models were established to simulate the transient cavitation behaviour in the torque converter using different charging oil pressures and inlet arrangements and testing against a base case to validate the results. The CFD results suggested that cavitating bubbles mainly takes place in the stator of the torque converter. The transient cavitation CFD model yielded good aggrement with the experimental data, with an error of 7.6% in the capacity constant and 7.4% in the torque ratio. Both the experimental and numerical studies showed that cavitation induced severe capacity degradation, and that the charge pressure and charging oil configuration significantly affects both the overall hydrodynamic performance and the fluid behaviour inside the torque converter because of cavitation. Increasing the charge pressure and charging the oil from the turbine-stator clearance were found to suppress cavitation development and reduce performance degradation, especially in terms of the capacity constant. This study revealed the fluid field mechanism behind the influence of charging oil conditions on torque converter cavitation behaviour, providing practical guidelines for suppressing cavitation in torque converter.
Multi-sensory feedback therapy combined with task-oriented training on the hemiparetic upper limb in chronic stroke: study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lin Jiali , He Jieying , Shu Beibei , Jia Jie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background An important reason for the difficulty in recovering sensorimotor dysfunction of the upper extremity in chronic stroke survivors, is the lack of sensory function, such as tactile and proprioception feedback. In clinical practice, single sensory training is only for the restoration of sensory function. Increasing evidence suggests that use of task-oriented training (TOT) is a useful approach to hand motor rehabilitation. However, neither approach is optimal since both methods are trained only for specific functional recovery. Our hypothesis is that multi-sensory feedback therapy (MSFT) combined with TOT has the potential to provide stimulating tasks to restore both sensory and motor functions. The objective of the trial is to investigate whether novel MSFT is more effective in improving arm sensorimotor function in chronic stroke phase than single TOT.Methods/Design: The study will be conducted as a multicenter, randomized, double blind controlled trial. Participants (n = 90) will be randomised into three groups to compare the effect of the multi-sensory feedback therapy group against task-oriented training group and conventional group. Participants will receive treatment at the same intensity (60 min, 5 days a week, 4 weeks, 20 hours total). Primary outcome measures for assessment of sensory function are the Semmes Weinstein monofilaments examination (SWME),two-point discrimination test (2PD) test. Secondary measures are the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT)༌Nine-Hole Peg Test (NHPT), Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), Box and Blocks Test (BBT), Modified Barthel Index (MBI), Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale (GAD-7). Outcome mearsures will be evaluated at baseline, post treatment, and two months follow-up. All assessments will be conducted by trained assessors blinded to treatment allocation.Discussion This study will determine the acceptability and efficacy of the intervention on the hemiparetic upper limb, it may be promising tools for sensorimotor functional recovery after stroke.
Overflow of Muscle Activation by Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation in Standing Position: A Cross-Sectional Electromyographic Investigation in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Souza Luciane Aparecida Pascucci Sande de , Curtarelli Monica B. , Baptista Cyntia Rogean de Jesus Alves de , Dionisio Valdeci Carlos 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Although in several studies has been observed the principle of overflow of muscle activation, no one explored if this principle occurs in a standing position. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and the condition of the overflow from upper limb migrating to inferior contralateral supported limb in standing position in healthy subjects.Methods Cross-sectional study with one sample. Eleven healthy individuals with a mean age of 22 (± 5.6) years were evaluated during 5 tasks applying the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation in left side 1) rest, 2) active diagonal primitive3) isotonic resistive diagonal primitive, 4) isometric resistive diagonal primitive, 5) active primitive diagonal with active extension of the right lower limb. The right side was monitored by electromyography activity of the tibial anterior, soleus, vastus medial oblique, rectus abdominis, tensor fasciae latae, gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, adductor longus muscles.Results Results showed a difference between tasks for soleus muscle (p < 0.001), with higher clinical relevance (d = 0.87), and the task with diagonal primitive against isotonic resistance produced more electromyography activity (p < 0.001). For all muscles there was a clinical relevance (d > 0.55). Conclusion The approach used in this study could improve the condition of distal muscles, mainly soleus, facilitating the acquisition of a standing position as soon as possible.