bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vectorial facial sculpting: A novel sub‐SMAS filler injection technique to reverse the impact of the attenuated retaining ligaments
Authors: Cohen Sarit , Artzi Ofir , Mehrabi Joseph N. , Heller Lior 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAge‐related attenuation of the orbital, zygomatic, and masseteric ligaments contribute to temporal brow ptosis, deepening nasolabial fold, and jowl, respectively.AimsTo present and assess the vectorial facial sculpting (VFS) technique, a novel nonsurgical panfacial rejuvenation method which focuses on reversal of the impact of attenuated ligaments on the aging face.MethodsThis case series included women who underwent vectorial facial sculpting at a private clinic from June 2018 to January 2019. Sagging tissues in the lateral brow, nasolabial fold, and jowl were repositioned in a directed manner with vectors whose cross‐product counteracted the vector of the respective causative attenuated ligament. Filler material was deposited into the supraperiosteal/sub‐SMAS plane in right angle vectors at the lateral supra‐orbital rim for brow ptosis, pre‐auricular and malar region for nasolabial fold and across the jawline region for jowl. Standardized photographs were taken before and at 3 months following treatment. Outcome was assessed by both the patients and an independent investigator using a validated Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale. Adverse outcomes were documented.ResultsForty‐five patients of mean age 59.8 ± 3.9 years were included. Mean Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale scores for patients and an independent investigator alike at 3 months following treatment indicated “very much improved” (1.44 ± 0.66 and 1.56 ± 0.78, respectively). The procedure was well tolerated with no adverse events.ConclusionVectorial facial sculpting is a comprehensive anatomical approach for nonsurgical directional tissue mobilization. Based on physical and mathematical rules to reverse the respective causative attenuated ligament, the technique effectively and safely restores youthful facial contours.
Tattoo: Ancient art and current problems
Authors: Gualdi Giulio , Fabiano Antonella , Moro Ruggero , Venturuzzo Anna , Monari Paola , Calzavara‐Pinton Piergiacomo , Amerio Paolo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe popularity of tattoos in the today's society brings with it a significant increase of the incidence of associated cutaneous reactions. Among the several complications that may occur after a tattooing procedure, allergic and photo‐allergic reactions, infections, and Koebner phenomenon are the most common ones observed. Most of these complications may be avoided by identifying, before tattooing, the presence of risk factors or comorbidities that may increase the risk of their onset.
Efficacy of Incobotulinum toxin‐A for the treatment of masseter muscle hypertrophy in Asian Indian patients: A 2‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Shome Debraj , Vadera Sapna , Shiva Ram Male , Kapoor Rinky 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundWith the changing trends, more and more patients are opting for nonsurgical or minimally invasive options for reshaping the face. Noninvasive treatments such as incobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin Cosmetic®; Merz Pharma Canada Ltd., Burlington, ON, Canada) are a preferred modality for reducing the volume of the muscle and therefore reducing the width of masseter.AimsTo evaluate the efficacy of Xeomin treatment in long‐term management of bilateral masseter hypertrophy in Asian Indian patients.Patients/MethodsA total of 30 patients were enrolled in the study and were injected with 30 U Xeomin on each side of face, at baseline. Fifteen patients received a second session of Xeomin injection at 12th week, and remaining 15 patients received an additional third session, at 12th and 24th weeks post the first injection, respectively. Follow‐up was done at 4th‐, 12th‐, 24th‐, and 36th‐week and at first‐ and second‐year follow‐ups.ResultsFor the patients who received two injections, the maximum reduction of 26.85% was observed at 24th week, which was maintained as 20.04% reduction until second follow‐up year. The patients who received three injections exhibited very high reduction of 43.12% of masseter volume at 36th week, which was maintained at 38.72 % until the second follow‐up year. Three sessions of Xeomin injections were proved to be more effective in long‐term maintenance of reduced masseter volume than 2 sessions of injections.ConclusionsXeomin injections were found to be effective in long‐term management of bilateral masseter hypertrophy. This is the first of its kind paper, which evaluates the long‐term effects of Xeomin injections for the treatment of masseter hypertrophy.
Is Bitcoin Really Untethered?
Authors: GRIFFIN JOHN M. , SHAMS AMIN 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates whether Tether, a digital currency pegged to the U.S. dollar, influenced Bitcoin and other cryptocurrency prices during the 2017 boom. Using algorithms to analyze blockchain data, we find that purchases with Tether are timed following market downturns and result in sizable increases in Bitcoin prices. The flow is attributable to one entity, clusters below round prices, induces asymmetric autocorrelations in Bitcoin, and suggests insufficient Tether reserves before month‐ends. Rather than demand from cash investors, these patterns are most consistent with the supply‐based hypothesis of unbacked digital money inflating cryptocurrency prices.
The influence of sleep on language production modalities in preschool children with Down syndrome
Authors: Arias‐Trejo Natalia , Angulo‐Chavira Armando Quetzalcóatl , Demara Bianca , Figueroa Carlos , Edgin Jamie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEvidence suggests that sleep may relate to oral language production in children with Down syndrome. However, these children are capable of using complex referential gestures as a compensation strategy for problems with oral production, and those with a greater productive oral vocabulary have less gestural vocabulary. The goal of this study was to explore whether sleep quality relates to oral and gestural production modalities in children with Down syndrome. We evaluated 36 preschool children with and without Down syndrome, paired by chronological age and gender, with similar sociodemographic backgrounds, using actigraphy to measure sleep behaviour and the Communicative Development Inventory for Down syndrome to measure vocabulary. Children with Down syndrome with better sleep efficiency showed more oral production but less gestural production. These results highlight the importance of sleep quality to language learning in children with Down syndrome.
Longitudinal Evidence for Simultaneous Bilingual Language Development With Shifting Language Dominance, and How to Explain It
Authors: Oppenheim Gary M. , Griffin Zenzi , Peña Elizabeth D. , Bedore Lisa M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTheories of how language works have shifted from rule‐like competence accounts to more skill‐like incremental learning accounts. Under these, people acquire language incrementally, through practice, and may even lose it incrementally as they acquire competing mappings. Incremental learning implies that (1) a bilingual's abilities in their languages should depend on how much they practice each (not merely age of acquisition), and (2) using a L2 more could cause a bilingual to gradually “unlearn” their L1. Using timed picture naming and vocabulary measures, we tracked 139 children for several years as they transitioned from mostly‐Spanish homes to mostly‐English schools. Following their increased English use, many became more proficient in English than Spanish around the third grade, demonstrating continual learning. But their Spanish also improved, showing that L1‐attrition is not inevitable. Incremental learning explains both co‐improvement and L1‐attrition as consequences of experience‐driven learning: improvement from continuing L1 use can offset competitive unlearning.
The Neuroscience of Implicit Learning
Authors: Williams John N. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOver the past decades, research employing artificial grammar, sequence learning, and statistical learning paradigms has flourished, not least because these methods appear to offer a window, albeit with a restricted view, on implicit learning processes underlying natural language learning. But these paradigms usually provide relatively little exposure, use meaningless stimuli, and do not even necessarily target natural language structures. So the question arises whether they engage the same brain regions as natural language. The aim of this review is to use data from brain imaging, brain stimulation, and the effects of brain damage to identify the main brain regions that show sensitivity to structural regularities in implicit learning paradigms and to consider their relationship to natural language processing and learning.
Monetary regimes, the term structure and business cycles in Ireland, 1972–2018
Authors: Stuart Rebecca 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe literature emphasizes the role of monetary policy for the term structure's ability to predict business cycles. Between 1972 and 2018, Ireland experienced three monetary regimes: first, the Irish Pound was fixed to Sterling (1972–1979); second the Pound floated in a band when Ireland was a member of EMS (1979–1998); and third, as a member of the euro area (1999–2018). Using dynamic probit models and monthly data, I show that the term spread only had predictive power during the second regime, the only one in which the Central Bank of Ireland had discretion to set interest rates based on the domestic conditions.
Is feyerabendian philosophy relevant for scientific knowledge development in nursing?
Authors: Yous Marie‐Lee , Strachan Patricia H. , Ploeg Jenny 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTo revitalize nursing science, there is a need for a new approach to guide nurse scientists in addressing complex problems in health care. By applying theoretical concepts from a revolutionary philosopher of science, Paul K. Feyerabend, new nursing knowledge can be produced using creativity and pluralistic approaches. Feyerabend proposed that methods within and outside of science can produce knowledge. Despite the recognition of Feyerabendian philosophy within science, there is currently a lack of literature regarding the relevance of Feyerabendian philosophy for nursing science. We aim to (a) describe and critique Feyerabendian concepts, (b) discuss the potential application of Feyerabendian philosophy for knowledge production within gerontological nursing and (c) describe theoretical possibilities for nurse scientists in using Feyerabendian philosophy to guide nursing knowledge development. We begin by introducing Feyerabend's life and his inspirations for his theoretical concepts, epistemological anarchism, theoretical pluralism and humanitarianism, and conclude by offering suggestions of how to apply Feyerabendian philosophy in nursing research.
Social Innovation in Rural Regions: Older Adults and Creative Community Development*
Authors: Noack Anika , Federwisch Tobias 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMany so‐called structurally disadvantaged rural regions are characterized by an ongoing demographic change, low economic productivity, and an insufficient infrastructure. Paradoxically, citizens of such regions are often urged to address local challenges by developing innovative ideas, products, or services. Innovation is becoming a “message of salvation” and imperative to local action due to a rise of an innovation regime that conceptualizes innovation as reflexive and ubiquitous. Unlike cities, however, disadvantaged rural regions are often seen as not conducive to innovation. And older adults are rarely ever regarded as potential innovators. This article will examine how innovations emerge in disadvantaged rural regions and what role older adults play in this context. It focuses on social innovation which is important for processes of rural renewal. Drawing on insights gained through the “Innovation in Rural Municipalities” research project, the paper illustrates the resourcefulness of older adults in the context of socially innovative community development. Older adults can in fact act as drivers of innovative projects, actively participate in and make use of social innovations. Their specific role, however, depends on their personal motives, community‐related interests, and available resources.
High‐frequency ultrasound skin thickness: Comparison of manual reading and automatic border detection includes assessment of interobserver variation of measurement
Authors: Alsing Kasper Køhler , Serup Jørgen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundTwenty megahertz ultrasound is the preferred method for in vivo measurement of skin thickness. This study on methodology aimed to compare operator‐managed or “manual” measurement of skin thickness (MM) with measurement by automatic border detection (ABD).MethodsThe skin thickness of the flexor mid‐forearm was measured in 48 subjects (subgroups 32 and 16) with the DermaScan C® (Cortex Technology). MM and ABD were performed on the same scans by two experienced operators. MM is measured on the peak of interface A‐mode echoes representing the epidermal surface and the dermis‐subcutis interface, while ABD measures on the slope of the echoes, for example, the acoustic contour.ResultAutomatic border detection measured the skin about 20% thicker (mean: 0.94/0.89 mm, SD: 0.09/0.11) in comparison with MM (mean: 1.25/1.22 mm, SD: 0.09/0.12), P < .001. The two methods correlated, r = .9443 and .8663. Two individual researchers reached very close results using MM, that is, mean 0.91 and 0.93 mm, and the interobserver variation was nonsignificant.ConclusionMM and ABD for ultrasound skin thickness measurement rely on different principles and consequently measure skin thickness differently, with ABD overestimating the thickness with about 20%. MM measures anatomically more correct and is preferred in research. MM has been validated against area‐based thickness measurement without contour artifact and produced identical results. ABD is less operator–dependent and applicable to field studies, and useful in the beauty industry to characterize aged skin. The two methods of recording each have a scene of use.
Tracing Internal Categoricity
Authors: Väänänen Jouko 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInformally speaking, the categoricity of an axiom system means that its non‐logical symbols have only one possible interpretation that renders the axioms true. Although non‐categoricity has become ubiquitous in the second half of the twentieth century whether one looks at number theory, geometry or analysis, the first axiomatizations of such mathematical theories by Dedekind, Hilbert, Huntington, Peano and Veblen were indeed categorical. A common resolution of the difference between the earlier categorical axiomatizations and the more modern non‐categorical axiomatizations is that the latter derive their non‐categoricity from Skolem's Paradox and Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems, while the former, being second order, suffer from a heavy reliance on meta‐theory, where the Skolem–Gödel phenomenon re‐emerges. Using second‐order meta‐theory to avoid non‐categoricity of the meta‐theory would only seem to lead to an infinite regress. In this article we maintain that internal categoricity breaks with this traditional picture. It applies to both first‐ and second‐order axiomatizations, although in the first‐order case we have so far only examples. It does not depend on the meta‐theory in a way that would lead to an infinite regress. It also covers the classical categoricity results of early researchers. In the first‐order case it is weaker than categoricity itself, and in the second‐order case stronger. We provide arguments to suggest that internal categoricity is the “right” concept of categoricity.
Estimation of white blood cell and platelet counts in ovine blood smears, and a comparison with the ADVIA 120 hematology analyzer
Authors: Katsogiannou Eleni G. , Athanasiou Labrini V. , Katsoulos Panagiotis D. , Polizopoulou Zoe S. , Tzivara Athanasia , Christodoulopoulos Georgios 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundManual evaluation of blood cell counts on stained blood films is a common procedure in resource‐limited laboratories of farm animal clinics. Moreover, settings for sheep blood cell counts are not provided on most veterinary hematology analyzers.ObjectivesWe aimed to (a) compare the results of white blood cell (WBC) counts evaluated microscopically on ovine blood smears with those obtained by the ADVIA 120 hematology analyzer and validate appropriate correction factors for the manual technique; and (b) assess the two suggested factors to calculate platelet counts on blood smears in sheep.MethodsThe blood samples of 57 sheep were used to generate a regression equation between the average WBC count per field and the WBC count determined using the ADVIA 120 analyzer. Thirty‐one new ovine samples were used to assess the agreement between the calculated WBC counts based on a generated equation and those obtained by the analyzer using the Passing‐Bablok test and Bland‐Altman plots. Similarly, agreements between platelet counts using two different factors for platelet calculation were assessed using the Bland‐Altman plot.ResultsThe average bias of calculated WBC counts was 0.4%, with precision and accuracy being over 95%. Regarding calculated platelet counts, Bland‐Altman plots revealed a bias of 26.4% and 1.4% when the average number of platelets per field was multiplied by 15 000 and 20 000, respectively.ConclusionsMicroscopic WBC counting in ovine blood is a reliable alternative to automated analyses using the generated equation. A better agreement between the two methods was observed when a factor of 20 000 was used to calculate platelet counts in ovine blood smears.
Serum hepcidin measurements in healthy dogs using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Vizi Zsuzsanna , Lányi Katalin , Bagi Melinda , Laczay Péter , Balogh Nándor , Sterczer Ágnes 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundHepcidin is a key regulator of iron homeostasis. The measurement of this hormone is essential for the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia and might be useful as a prognostic factor in many diseases. Serum hepcidin levels have been infrequently evaluated in dogs.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to measure serum hepcidin in a population of healthy dogs using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS), considered the gold standard assay for measuring hepcidin like in human medicine.MethodsBlood samples from 86 healthy dogs of 25 different breeds were measured with the LC‐MS/MS method. Synthetic canine hepcidin was used as the standard reagent. Reference values were calculated based on the results.ResultsThe mean hepcidin concentration of the study population was 16.6 ± 7.7 ng/mL. There reference interval (RI) was defined as 5.3‐36.4 ng/mL. No significant difference was found between male and female dogs, or between different age and body weight groups. Hepcidin concentrations did not correlate with red blood cell counts, hemoglobin concentrations, iron levels, iron‐binding capacities, and C‐reactive protein concentrations in this healthy population. A weak negative correlation was found between hepcidin and the mean corpuscular volume.ConclusionLC‐MS/MS proved to be a reliable and time‐effective method for the detection of canine hepcidin. The RI was similar but narrower compared with that of human studies.
Use of bilateral superficial gluteal muscle flaps for the repair of ventral perineal hernia in dogs: A cadaveric study and short case series
Authors: Bitton Erez , Keinan Yael , Shipov Anna , Joseph Rotem , Milgram Joshua 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe bilateral mobilization of the superficial gluteal muscle (SGM) to treat ventral perineal hernias in dogs.Study designCadaveric study and short case series.Sample populationMale dog cadavers (n = 10) weighing between 5 and 42 kg and three dogs treated for ventral perineal hernia.MethodsCadavers were positioned in right and left lateral recumbency to free the origin and insertion of the ipsilateral SGM except for muscle fibers originating on the first tail vertebra and sacrotuberous ligament. The dogs were placed in ventral recumbency to approach the perineum and rotate the muscle flaps. The insertions of the SGM were sutured together ventral to the anal sphincter muscle. The dorsal border of the overlapping tendons was sutured to the anal sphincter muscle, and the ventral border was sutured to the ischiourethralis muscle. The amount of overlap between bilateral flaps was measured. The SGM flaps were used to revise recurrent perineal hernias in three dogs.ResultsSuperficial gluteal muscle flaps were created without damage to the blood supply in all dogs. The overlap between the bilateral flaps ventral to the anal sphincter measured 0 to 2.4 cm. No recurrence was detected at follow‐up (6‐12 months) in the three dogs treated with these flaps.ConclusionSuperficial gluteal muscle flaps were mobilized without damage to the blood supply and crossed the midline ventral to the anal sphincter. Flaps were used successfully to repair ventral perineal hernias in three dogs.Clinical significanceBilateral SGM flaps can be considered to repair ventral perineal hernias.