bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kava (Piper methysticum) Extract for the Treatment of Nervous
Anxiety, Tension and Restlessness
Authors: Kuchta Kenny , Hladikova Marie , Thomsen Michael , Nahrstedt Adolf , Schmidt Mathias 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Aim Prior to the kava ban of 2002, the indication for kava (Piper
methysticum) extracts defined by the German Commission E was
“nervous anxiety, tension and restlessness”. In 2000, an
observational trial was started in Germany with the aim of defining symptoms
of these indications best treated with kava extract. The trial was
interrupted and archived “unevaluated” in 2001 due to the
upcoming safety debate on kava. The data from this study has now been
analyzed in order to identify symptoms best treated with kava.
Methods Documentation was available from 156 patients. Twelve typical
symptoms of nervous anxiety, tension and restlessness were assessed on a
five-item rating scale, together with the therapeutic context, the perceived
time of onset of effects and the safety of application.
Results The median duration of treatment was 28 days. All individual
symptoms showed significant and clinically relevant improvements. The most
effective results were seen for nervous tension and restlessness, with
better effects in patients with acute versus chronic complaints. The safety
of the treatment was found to be excellent, which included the assessment of
laboratory data.
Conclusions Overall, the study confirms the effective and safe
short-term use of kava in the Commission E-defined indication of
“nervous anxiety, tension and restlessness”, especially in
other than chronic cases. The clinical use of kava might be translated into
context-related phobias according to ICD-10 F40, or to nervous tension
(ICD10 R45.0) or restlessness and excitation (ICD-10 R45.1).
Charakterisierung des stationär aufgenommenen psychiatrischen Notfallpatienten in einer interdisziplinären ZNA
Authors: Kirchner Heribert , Sinani Gjergji , Ullrich Heiko , Pajonk Frank Gerald Bernhard , Juckel Georg 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Charakterisierung psychiatrischer Notfallkontakte in einer interdisziplinären Zentralen Notaufnahme.
Methodik Retrospektive Untersuchung aller direkt aus der Notaufnahme stationär aufgenommenen Patienten des Behandlungsjahres 2015.
Ergebnisse Die drei häufigsten Notfallsyndrome konnten in absteigender Reihenfolge der F1- (32,2 %), den F2- (25,9%) und den F3-Haupdiagnosen (21,2%) zugeordnet werden. Die Aufnahmequote lag bei 58,8%, und mehr als die Hälfte der Patienten kam fußläufig in die ZNA (55,7%). Es fanden sich diagnosespezifische Unterschiede zwischen Erstvorstellern und bekannten Patienten.
Schlussfolgerung Der psychiatrische Notfall hat eine hohe Relevanz in diesem Setting. Ein Großteil der stationär aufgenommenen Patienten erfüllen die Notfallkriterien entsprechend der Leitlinie.
Das akute idiopathische Skrotalödem – eine relevante Differenzialdiagnose des akuten Skrotums im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Authors: Vogel Sabine , Vauth Franziska , Rösch Wolfgang 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrund Das „akute Skrotum“ ist ein häufiger kinderurologischer Notfall, der eine rasche Beurteilung zur Diagnose bzw. zum Ausschluss einer Hodentorsion erfordert. Zu den weniger bekannten Differenzialdiagnosen zählt das idiopathische Skrotalödem (AISE). In dieser Studie beschreiben wir Häufigkeit und klinisches Management des AISE in unserer Klinik.Patienten 319 Patienten im Alter von 0 bis 17 Jahren, die zwischen 01/2013 bis 12/2017 in der kinderurologischen Klinik der KUNO-Kinderklinik St. Hedwig Regensburg mit der Diagnose „akutes Skrotum“ behandelt wurden.Methode Retrospektive Analyse der Patientenakten.Ergebnisse 234/319 Patienten wurden ambulant und 85/319 (27%) stationär behandelt. Bei 23/319 (7,2%) wurde ein AISE diagnostiziert. Alle Patienten mit AISE wurden ambulant behandelt, bei keinem dieser Patienten musste eine operative Exploration erfolgen. Weitere Diagnosen der ambulanten Patienten: Epididymitis (87/234; 37%), Hydatidentorsion (42/234; 18%), Hodentorsion (5/234; 2%) Hodentrauma (10/234; 4%), Hydrozele (9/234; 4%), unspezifische Hodenschmerzen (58/234; 25%). Diagnosen der stationären Patienten: Hodentorsion (58/85; 68%), Hydatidentorsion (17/85; 20%), Epididymitis (8/85; 9%), Hodentrauma (1/85; 1%), Tumor (1/85; 1%).Diskussion Das AISE ist eine Ausschlussdiagnose mit typischem klinischem Bild. Zusammen mit dem charakteristischen Befund in der (Doppler-) Sonografie ist eine sichere Abgrenzung zu anderen Differenzialdiagnosen des akuten Skrotums möglich. Durch die korrekte Diagnosestellung können unnötige Klinikaufenthalte, Operationen und medikamentöse Behandlungen vermieden werden.Schlussfolgerung Das AISE ist eine relevante Differentialdiagnose des akuten Skrotums, das Kinder- und Jugendärzten bekannt sein sollte.
Study on the fluorescence of double-emission carbon quantum dots by improved intercept method
Authors: Gao ZhiKun , Hao Tongfan , Fang Qunxiang , Wu Changchun , Zhou Zhiping 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The fluorescence mechanism of dual-emission carbon quantum dots (DCQDs) is investigated by the improved intercept method, of which the DCQDs with high quantum yield are synthesized by hydrothermal method by using the precursor of sulfadiazine. The research of the morphology, chemical properties and fluorescence properties on DCQDs, shows that DCQDs have graphene-like structure and well-resolved lattice fringes, and that DCQDs fluorescence emission as well intensity has reversibility between acid and alkaline. Based on the ultraviolet absorption spectrum (UV–vis) of the DCQDs, the band gap of DCQDs is estimated by the improved intercept method. Then, the change law of DCQDs emission wavelength at different excitation wavelengths is studied by using the estimated band gap. It is found that the improved intercept method is well consisted with the emission change law of DCQDs at different excitation wavelengths. In addition, the influence of different concentration of Fe3+ on the estimated band gap of DCQDs shows that the Fe3+ has big influence on the band gap of 3.99 eV and 3.06 eV but almost no effect on band gap of 4.93 eV and 3.67 eV. It indicates that the quenching of Fe3+ to DCQDs may be due to the band gap caused by surface defect is changed by Fe3+. Also, DCQDs are used as probe to detect Fe3+ and used as spray ink. Thereby, the improved intercept method may provide a new direction for researching the fluorescence mechanism of carbon quantum dots.
The revolution project: replacing coronary artery angiography with coronary computed tomography with functional evaluation
Authors: Bartorelli Antonio L , Andreini Daniele , Mushtaq Saima , Serruys Patrick W 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the last two decades, several studies and widespread clinical use demonstrated that coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is an appropriate method for the non-invasive assessment of patients with suspected stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and low-to-intermediate pretest likelihood of CAD. Moreover, a growing body of literature is showing that CCTA may have also a clinical role in patients with high pretest likelihood of CAD, known CAD and complex and diffuse disease. Particularly, the SYNTAX II trial demonstrated the feasibility of planning interventional and surgical coronary procedures with CCTA thanks to its ability to combine, in a single method, precise stenosis quantification, accurate plaque characterization, functional assessment with fractional flow reserve derived from standard acquired CCTA datasets, and selection of the revascularization modality for any individual patient and of the vessels that need to be revascularized. More recently, the SYNTAX III Revolution trial showed, in patients with three-vessel CAD with or without left main involvement, that treatment decision-making between percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting based on CCTA only has an almost perfect agreement with the treatment decision derived from invasive coronary angiography (ICA). The high degree of correlation between CCTA and ICA suggests the potential feasibility of treatment decision-making based solely on non-invasive imaging and clinical information. New research prospects have opened up for the future to demonstrate the true feasibility and safety of this innovative approach in the clinical arena.
Knots to untie: anticoagulant and antiarrhythmic therapy after ablation for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Stazi Filippo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The continuation or otherwise of anticoagulant and antiarrhythmic therapy after ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the main aspects still to be defined in the electrophysiological field. The currently available data do not allow the assumption of certain positions due to the lack of randomized studies on the subject. With regard to anticoagulant therapy, however, the suggestion of the guidelines to assess more the risk profile than the result of the ablation and consequently to prescribe anticoagulant treatment to all patients with CHADSVASc ≥2 seems acceptable. Its use in the first two or three months after the procedure appears reasonable; however, keeping in mind that the objective of this strategy is limited to the prevention of early recurrences only. More prolonged use of antiarrhythmics seems to be more promising, but further data are necessary before it can be recommended routinely. The ablation of AF is a therapy that is widely spreading and its use is continuously growing. Since it is a recently introduced method, not everything is still clear about it. The continuation or not of anticoagulant and antiarrhythmic therapy after ablation for AF is one of the main aspects yet to be defined.
Supervision of community health nurses in Ghana: a mixed-methods study on experiences and mentorship needs
Authors: Bellerose Meghan , Alva Soumya , Magalona Sophia , Awoonor-Williams Koku , Sacks Emma 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Adequate supervision is critical to maintain the performance of health workers who provide essential maternal and child health services in low-resource areas. Supportive supervision emphasizing problem-solving, skill development and mentorship has been shown to improve the motivation and effectiveness of health workers, especially at the community level, but it is not always routinely provided. Previous studies have assessed the uptake of supportive supervision among volunteer health workers and paid health centre staff, but less is known about the supervision experiences of paid community-based staff, such as community health nurses (CHNs) in Ghana. This mixed-methods study explores the frequency and content of CHN supervision in five districts in the Greater Accra and Volta regions of Ghana. We analysed quantitative data from 197 satisfaction surveys and qualitative data from 29 in-depth interviews (IDIs) and four focus group discussions (FGDs) with CHNs. While the majority of CHNs received supervision at least monthly, they reported that supervision was primarily focused on meeting clinical targets (48%) rather than on handling specific cases or patients (23%). Over a third (34%) of CHNs did not agree that supervisors help them with job-related challenges and nearly half (43%) were unsatisfied with their jobs. When asked about their mentorship needs, CHNs reported wanting feedback on how to improve their job performance (40%) and encouragement (30%). There were only slight variations in the frequency and content of supervision based on type of supervisor. During IDIs and FGDs, CHNs offered ideas for how to improve supervision, including more frequent field visits so that supervisors could see the on-the-ground realities of their work, greater respect and positive reinforcement. Overall, CHN motivation and job satisfaction may be strengthened by aligning supervision more closely with the principles of supportive supervision.
Efficacy of l-glutamic acid, N,N-diacetic acid to improve the dietary trace mineral bioavailability in broilers
Authors: Boerboom Gavin M , Busink Ronald , Smits Coen H , Hendriks Wouter H , Martín-Tereso Javier 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Trace minerals are commonly supplemented in the diets of farmed animals in levels exceeding biological requirements, resulting in extensive fecal excretion and environmental losses. Chelation of trace metal supplements with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) can mitigate the effects of dietary antagonists by preserving the solubility of trace minerals. Lack of EDTA biodegradability, however, is of environmental concern. l-Glutamic acid, N,N-diacetic acid (GLDA) is a readily biodegradable chelating agent that could be used as a suitable alternative to EDTA. The latter was tested in sequential dose–response experiments in broiler chickens. Study 1 compared the effect of EDTA and GLDA in broilers on supplemental zinc availability at three levels of added zinc (5, 10, and 20 ppm) fed alone or in combination with molar amounts of GLDA or EDTA equivalent to chelate the added zinc, including negative (no supplemental zinc) and positive (80 ppm added zinc) control treatments. Study 2 quantified the effect of GLDA on the availability of native trace mineral feed content in a basal diet containing no supplemental minerals and supplemented with three levels of GLDA (54, 108, and 216 ppm). In study 1, serum and tibia Zn clearly responded to the increasing doses of dietary zinc with a significant response to the presence of EDTA and GLDA (P &lt; 0.05). These results are also indicative of the equivalent nutritional properties between GLDA and EDTA. In study 2, zinc levels in serum and tibia were also increased with the addition of GLDA to a basal diet lacking supplemental trace minerals, where serum zinc levels were 60% higher at the 216 ppm inclusion level. Similar to the reported effects of EDTA, these studies demonstrate that dietary GLDA may have enhanced zinc solubility in the gastrointestinal tract and subsequently enhanced availability for absorption, resulting in improved nutritional zinc status in zinc-deficient diets. As such, GLDA can be an effective nutritional tool to reduce supplemental zinc levels in broiler diets, thereby maintaining health and performance while reducing the environmental footprint of food-producing animals.
Age and Emotions in Organizations: Main, Moderating, and Context-Specific Effects
Authors: Scheibe Susanne , Walter Frank , Zhan Yujie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This editorial introduces the Special Issue on “Age and Emotions in Organizations.” The Special Issue aims at leveraging theory and research on emotional aging to better understand the work-related consequences associated with employees’ age. After summarizing relevant theories of emotional aging, we develop 3 overarching conceptual models that allow for a categorization of research linking age, emotions, and work outcomes. We emphasize that these models are applicable to a wide range of age-related and emotion-related variables as well as work outcomes at multiple levels of analysis, and they allow for the inclusion of a broad array of personal and contextual boundary conditions. Building on these considerations, we summarize the 5 articles comprised within this Special Issue. Finally, we depict a number of future directions for research aimed at understanding age effects in organizations through an emotional lens.
Pregnant? Validity of the Pregnancy Checkbox on Death Certificates in 4 States, and Characteristics Associated With Pregnancy Checkbox Errors
Authors: Catalano A. , Davis N.L. , Petersen E.E. , Harrison C. , Kieltyka L. , You M. , Conrey E.J. , Ewing A.C. , Callaghan W.M. , Goodman D.A. 
Published: November 2020

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;222:269.e1–269.e8)
The maternal mortality rate (MMR) in the United States appears to be increasing, potentially due to the adoption of the US standard certificate of death. This new death certificate was implemented in 2003 and includes a pregnancy checkbox. While the checkbox was added due to underreporting of maternal mortality, it also makes possible the misclassification of maternal deaths. One review found a 15% false-positive rate, or cases without evidence of pregnancy. This study’s aim was to assess the validity of the pregnancy checkbox following a quality assurance process among 4 states examining deaths during 2016.
Development of the FAST-M Maternal Sepsis Bundle for Use in Low-resource Settings: A Modified Delphi Process
Authors: Lissauer D. , Chesire J. , Dunlop C. , Taki F. , Wilson A. , Smith J.M. , Daniels R. , Kissoon N. , Malata A. , Chirwa T. , Lwesha V.M. , Mhango C. , Mhango E. , Makwenda C. , Banda L. , Munthali L. , Nambiar B. , Hussein J. , Williams H.M. , Devall A.J. , Gallos  , Merriel A. , Bonet M. , Souza J.P. , Coomarasamy A. 
Published: November 2020

(BJOG. 2020;127:416–423)
Although maternal sepsis is the third most common cause of global maternal mortality, there are no internationally recognized sepsis care bundles directed toward pregnant women that can be implemented in a low-resource setting. While the Surviving Sepsis Campaign’s (SSC) care bundle has been associated with reduced mortality for the general population, only 1.5% of health care facilities in Africa are able to implement the SSC guidelines in their entirety. The need to develop and implement effective strategies to reduce the global burden of maternal and neonatal sepsis in low-resource settings has become increasingly important, as demonstrated by a recent global directive by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Jhpiego. This study aimed to accomplish this directive by developing a care bundle for the initial management of maternal sepsis in low-resource settings.
Sugammadex Administration in Pregnant Women and in Women of Reproductive Potential: A Narrative Review
Authors: Richardson M.G. , Raymond B.L. 
Published: November 2020

(Anesth Analg. 2020;130:1628–1637)
The approval in 2008 for clinical use of the drug sugammadex has led to its rapid replacement of neostigmine to reverse rocuronium and vecuronium’s neuromuscular blocking (NMB) effects. While its cost is higher, sugammadex’s effectiveness and relative lack of side effects render it the superior choice compared with neostigmine. However, while thorough studies exist for this medication, few of them apply to its use in pregnancy and for women of childbearing potential. Thus, the author’s aim of this narrative was to review the use of sugammadex in pregnant women undergoing nonobstetric surgery, women potentially capable of childbearing using hormone-based contraception, lactating women, and parturients undergoing cesarean delivery (CD), as well as to provide up-to-date evidence in these cases.
Pravastatin for Early-onset Preeclampsia: A Randomized, Blinded, Placebo-controlled Trial
Authors: Ahmed A. , Williams D.J. , Cheed V. , Middleton L.J. , Ahmad S. , Wang K. , Vince A.T. , Hewett P. , Spencer K. , Khan K.S. , Daniels J.P. 
Published: November 2020

(BJOG. 2020;127:478–488)
Preeclampsia is associated with maternal and perinatal morbidity, causing 1 in 5 maternal deaths in low-resource countries. While low-dose aspirin has been moderately effective in treating preeclampsia, there is a clear need for a more effective treatment. Elevated circulating levels of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) have been observed in women with preeclampsia. Statins reduce sFlt-1 from cultured cells, and in pregnant animals with a preeclampsia-like syndrome, statins have improved outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of pravastatin 40 mg daily on the clinical condition and maternal plasma sFlt-1 levels in women with early-onset preeclampsia.
Cracking the Motherhood and Medicine Code
Authors: Huffmyer J.L. , Fahy B.G. 
Published: November 2020

(Anesth Analg. 2020;130:1292–1295)
In today’s medical school, deciding on a specialty can be heavily affected by the impact of childbearing, parenting, and the ever-elusive work-life balance, particularly for women. This is evidenced by the fact that despite parity of male/female enrollment in medical schools (50.5% in 2019), only 35% of residents in anesthesiology programs are women (a small increase from 32% in 2006). Choosing a specialty which allows for greater personal control of life decisions such as time of childbearing without fear of professional repercussions is imperative to attaining feelings of success, fulfillment, and longevity of practice in the chosen specialty, including anesthesiology.
Intravenous Ondansetron in Pregnancy and Risk of Congenital Malformations
Authors: Huybrechts K.F. , Hernandez-Diaz S. , Straub L. , Gray K.J. , Zhu Y. , Mogun H. , Bateman B.T. 
Published: November 2020

(JAMA. 2020;323:372–374)
A prior study found no significant association between oral ondansetron exposure during the first trimester and cardiac malformations or overall congenital malformations, except for a small association with oral clefts. Subsequent research, however, has suggested that the intravenous administration of ondansetron may be associated with adverse neonatal events. The aim of this study was to examine the association between intravenous ondansetron and congenital malformations.
Surgical Conditions With Rocuronium Versus Suxamethonium in Cesarean Section: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Bláha J. , Nosková P. , Hlinecká K. , Krakovská V. , Fundová V. , Bartosová T. , Michálek P. , Stríteský M. 
Published: November 2020

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2020;41:14–21)
Intubating conditions and onset time for rocuronium (ROC) versus suxamethonium (SUX) have been compared in several trials, but studies focusing on these drugs’ effect on surgery duration and ease of delivery of the fetus during cesarean section are lacking. This study, therefore, compared surgical conditions for delivery of the fetus in parturients receiving ROC versus SUX during general anesthesia for cesarean section.
Validity of the Fitzpatrick Skin Phototype Classification in Ecuador
Authors: Fors Martha , González Paloma , Viada Carmen , Falcon Kirsten , Palacios Santiago 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND
The Fitzpatrick Skin Phototype Classification (FSPC) is the most common tool used to assess skin phototype in White populations according to the amount of pigment the skin has and its reaction to sun exposure. Scientific evidence about the use of this scale for persons with darker skin is limited.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the internal consistency, reliability, and construct validity of the FSPC for Ecuadorians.

METHODS
This observational cross-sectional study recruited participants of both sexes between 40 and 90 years of age living in a rural area of Quito, Ecuador. Cronbach α values were used to assess the internal consistency of the scale. Construct validity was assessed with confirmatory factor analysis.

RESULTS
The internal consistency coefficients indicated that the reliability of the responses to the scale was fair. Total α value was .515, whereas the α values of the two factors were .42 and .67. Most item-to-factor correlations had a low to moderate magnitude, ranging from r = 0.30 to 0.37. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a two-factor solution and achieved good overall fit as indicated by root mean square error of approximation = 0.08, and nonnormed fit index = 0.88 was mediocre. Goodness-of-fit χ
2 = 177.10, P < .001. The factor loads were greater than 0.30, ranging from 0.30 to 0.99.

CONCLUSIONS
The FSPC showed an acceptable construct validity and a fair internal consistency. The five-item scale could potentially be used as an effective instrument for assessing skin phototype in non-White people.