bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High fat-induced inflammation in vascular endothelium can be improved by Abelmoschus esculentus and metformin via increasing the expressions of miR-146a and miR-155
Authors: Gou Luoning , Liu Geng , Ma Rong , Regmi Anita , Zeng Tianshu , Zheng Juan , Zhong Xueyu , Chen Lulu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation, which contributes to cardiovascular diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are reported to be involved in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Abelmoschus esculentus (AE) and metformin have been suggested to improve inflammation in vascular system. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether miRNAs are involved in high fat induced endothelial inflammation, and whether AE and metformin improve endothelial inflammation by regulating miRNAs.Methods: We established high fat treated rats and human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). AE and metformin were added to explore their effects on endothelial inflammation induced by high fat and the possible mechanism. Results: The vascular inflammatory genes were increased in rats treated with high fat diet. The decreased miR-146a and miR-155 were involved in endothelial inflammation induced by high fat through targeting IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), respectively. While AE and metformin could ameliorate the endothelial inflammation by increasing miR-146a and miR-155. Conclusions: These results indicate that miR-146a and miR-155 play roles in the high fat induced endothelial inflammation, which could be potential therapeutic targets. AE and metformin can attenuate endothelial inflammation through regulating miR-146a and miR-155.
Role of the ADCY9 gene in cardiac abnormalities of the Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
Authors: Wu Yueheng , Xia Yu , Li Ping , Qu Hui-Qi , Liu Yichuan , Yang Yongchao , Lin Jijin , Zheng Meng , Tian Lifeng , Wu Zhuanbin , Huang Shufang , Qin Xianyu , Zhou Xianwu , Chen Shaoxian , Liu Yanying , Wang Yonghua , Li Xiaofeng , Zeng Hanshi , Hakonarson Hakon , Zhuang Jian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background ： Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a rare, congenital, plurimalformative, and neurodevelopmental disorder. Previous studies have reported that large deletions contribute to more severe RSTS phenotypes than those caused by CREBBP point mutations, suggesting a concurrent pathogenetic role of flanking genes, typical of contiguous gene syndromes, but the detailed genetics are unclear. Results ： This study presented a rare case of Rubinstein-Taybi (RT) syndrome with serious cardiac abnormalities. Based on the clinical and genetic analysis of the patient, the ADCY9 gene deletion was highlighted as a plausible explanation of cardiac abnormalities. In adcy9 morphant zebrafish, cardiac malformation was observed. Immunofluorescence study disclosed increased macrophage migration and cardiac apoptosis. RNA sequencing in zebrafish model highlighted the changes of a number of genes, including increased expression of the mmp9 gene which encodes a matrix metalloproteinase with the main function to degrade and remodel extracellular matrix. Conclusions ： In this study, we identified a plausible new candidate gene ADCY9 of CHD through the clinical and genetic analysis of a rare case of Rubinstein-Taybi (RT) syndrome with serious cardiac abnormalities. By functional study of zebrafish, we demonstrated that deletion of adcy9 is the causation for the cardiac abnormalities. Cardiac apoptosis and increased expression of the MMP9 gene are involved in the pathogenesis.
Strategies adopted by Aphanizomenon flos-aquae in response to phosphorus deficiency and their role on growth
Authors: Chen Xiaoyan , Dolinova Iva , Sevcu Alena , Jurczak Tomasz , Frankiewicz Piotr , Wojtal-Frankiewicz Adrianna , Wan Lingling , Deng Qinghui , Song Chunlei , Zhou Yiyong , Cao Xiuyun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The N2-fixing cyanobacterium, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae is a globally distributed bloom causing species that degrades water quality of fresh and marine water bodies. Overcoming phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the ecological advantages for bloom forming cyanobacteria. It remains unclear to what extent can A. flos-aquae alleviate P deficiency by regulating P using strategies. Results Based on in situ observations of extracellular alkaline phosphatase (APase) in A. flos-aquae via enzyme-labeled fluorescence in freshwater bodies in China, Poland and Czechia, we further investigated responses of isolated A. flos-aquae to different P supplies (dissolved inorganic P (Pi) as +DIP, dissolved organic α-glycerophosphate and β-glycerophosphate as +DOPα and +DOPβ, P-free condition as P-depleted). The significantly negative relationships between percentage of APase producing cells and soluble reactive P concentration in both fields and cultures suggested that the excretion of APase in cyanobacterium was regulated by ambient Pi supply. Suffering from P deficiency in the P-depleted treatments, A. flos-aquae showed the highest APase activity but a vigorous growth at the early culture stage, which might also benefit from the formation of polyphosphate body (PPB) and the decrease of cell P quota. In the +DOP treatments, the coordination of dissolved DOP mineralization and continuous prompt utilization of PPB might contribute to a maintenance but not reproduction of A. flos-aquae when relying on DOP, since the specific growth rate kept around 0 cells L-1 day-1 at the second half culture period and the highest cell density reached only 13.38% of that in +DIP treatments while photochemical efficiency was comparable during the whole experiment. Luxury uptake of phosphate as PPB in the +DIP treatments was consistent to the canonical view of polyphosphate as P storage. Conclusion A. flos-aquae could achieve an instantaneous growth in response to P deficiency with the coordination of P utilization strategies, while it maintained a long-term sustainable growth but not reproduction under sole DOP supply. Persistent and active reproduction could only be achieved in high Pi supply, which implying that an effective consequence can be expected for combating the bloom of A. flos-aquae when controlling P supply.
Differential Regulation and Correlation between Galectin-9 and anti-CCP antibody (ACPA) in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Fujita Yuya , Asano Tomoyuki , Matsuoka Naoki , Temmoku Jumpei , Sato Shuzo , Matsumoto Haruki , Furuya Makiko Yashiro , Suzuki Eiji , Watanabe Hiroshi , Kawakami Atsushi , Migita Kiyoshi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Galectin-9 (Gal-9) is involved in the regulatory process of immune responses or inflammation. The aim of the present study is to characterize circulating Gal-9 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its relationship with RA disease activity and phenotype. Methods: A total 116 RA patients and age-matched healthy controls (n=31) were included in this study. Disease activity of RA patients were determined by Disease Activity Score of 28 joint scoring system (DAS28-ESR). Levels of Gal-9 in serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Serum levels of Gal-9 were significantly higher in patients with RA compared to those in controls (median 7577 pg/ml; [interquartile range (IQR); 5570–10201] versus 4738 pg/ml [IQR; 4267–5630], p=0.001). There were significant differences in serum Gal-9 between RA patients with and without RA-ILD (9606 pg/ml [IQR: 8522–12167] versus 7078 pg/ml [IQR: 5225–9447], p<0.001) or those with and without advanced joint damage (Stage Ⅱ-Ⅳ, 9606 pg/ml [IQR: 8522–12167] versus 7078 pg/ml [IQR: 5225–9447], p<0.001). Although serum levels of Gal-9 correlated with the titers of ACPA (r=0.275, p=0.002), levels of ACPA titers conferred the different relationship, between serum Gal-9 and inflammatory mediators or RA disease activity. Although Gal-9 was correlated with ACPA titers (r=0.508, p=0.002), there was no correlation between Gal-9 levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) or DAS28-ESR in RA patients with high titers of ACPA (>200u/ml). Conversely, Gal-9 was correlated with MMP-3 (r=0.300, p=0.007) or DAS28-ESR (r=0.331, p=0.004) not with ACPA titer in RA patients with low titers of ACPA titers (<200U/ml). Conclusions: Serum levels of Gal-9 were increased in RA patients and associated with RA disease activity in RA patients without high titers of ACPA. The levels of ACPA titers may influence the values of circulating Gal-9 in RA patients with various clinical phenotype. These data suggest that Gal-9 possessed the properties of proinflammatory or arthropathic biomarker under the status of ACPA titers.
Effects of Bodybuilding Supplements on the Kidney: A Population-Based Incidence Study of Biopsy Pathology and Clinical Characteristics among Middle Eastern Men
Authors: Ali Alaa Abbas , Almukhtar Safaa E , Sharif Dana A , Saleem Zana Sidiq M , Muhealdeen Dana N , Hughson Michael D 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The incidence of kidney diseases among bodybuilders is unknown.
Methods: Between January 2011 and December 2019, the Iraqi Kurdistan 15 to 39 year old male population averaged 1,100,000 with approximately 56,000 total participants and 25,000 regular participants (those training more than one year). Annual age specific incidence rates (ASIR) with (95% confidence intervals) per 100,000 bodybuilders were compared with the general age-matched male population.
Results: Fifteen male participants had kidney biopsies. Among regular participants, diagnoses were: focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), 2; membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN), 2; post-infectious glomeruonephritis (PIGN), 1; tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN), 1; and nephrocalcinosis , 2. Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) was diagnosed in 5 regular participants and 2 participants training less than one year. Among regular participants, anabolic steroid use was self-reported in 26% and veterinary grade vitamin D injections in 2.6%. ASIR for FSGS, MGN, PIGN, and TIN among regular participants was not statistically different than the general population. ASIR of FSGS adjusted for anabolic steroid use was 3.4 (-1.3 to 8.1), a rate overlapping with FSGS in the general population at 2.0 (1.2 to 2.8). ATN presented as exertional muscle injury with myoglobinuria among new participants. Nevertheless, ASIR for ATN among total participants at 1.4 (0.4 to 2.4) was not significantly different than for the general population at 0.3 (0.1 to 0.5). Nephrocalcinosis was only diagnosed among bodybuilders at a 9-year cumulative rate of one per 314 vitamin D injectors.
Conclusions: Kidney disease rates among bodybuilders were not significantly different than for the general population, except for nephrocalcinosis that was caused by injections of veterinary grade vitamin D compounds.
Differences in Expression of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-γ in Early-onset Preeclampsia and Late-onset Preeclampsia
Authors: Permadi Wiryawan , Mantilidewi Kemala , Khairani Astrid Feinisa , Lantika Uci Ary , Ronosulistyo Ayu Angelina , Bayuaji Hartanto 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective: Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) has been reported to be implicated in key functions in cell that were also important to ensure normal pregnancy development. In this study, we conducted primary culture of trophoblastic cells from normal pregnant women in the third trimester (n =3), and from patients with EOPE (n=3), and LOPE (n=3). Expression of PPAR-γ was determined by Western Blot. Data are the means ±S.E. from three separate experiments. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software,version 20.0, a p<0.05 was considered significant (one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s test) versus normal serum pregnancy.

Results: Serum from normal pregnant women and those with EOPE did not induce any difference in the expression of PPAR-γ (p>0.05). In contrast, expression of PPAR-γ was increased in those cells with serum from LOPE (p<0.001). Therefore, we conclude that hypothetically PPAR-γ might play role in the pathophysiology of LOPE but not in EOPE. Other possibility is the activity of PPAR-γ in EOPE is inversely correlated with the expression, therefore the high enzymatic activity of PPAR-γ is tightly regulated by attenuating its expression.
The Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yi , Chen Lang , Xing Changsheng , Deng Guangtong , Zeng Furong , Xie Tingting , Gu Lei , Yang Hui Xiang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Studies have suggested that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the available data on this association are inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the association between IBD and the risk of RA. Methods: Observational studies investigating the RA risk among patients with IBD (Crohn disease (CD) and/or ulcerative colitis (UC)) were searched in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from the date of inception to December 2019 . The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidential intervals (CIs) were pooled with a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I 2 statistics while publication bias was determined using Begg’s and Egger’s tests. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: A total of three cohort studies, three cross-sectional studies, and two case-control study were included in the meta-analyses. Compared to the non-IBD control or general population, there was a significantly higher risk of RA among patients with IBD (RR=2.59; 95% CI: 1.93–3.48). Moreover, both CD (RR=3.14; 95% CI: 2.46–4.01) and UC (RR=2.29; 95% CI: 1.76–2.97) were associated with a significantly increased risk of RA . However, heterogeneity was substantial across studies and the subgroup analyses failed to identify the potential source of heterogeneity. Conclusions: Patients with IBD have a greater risk of developing RA. Rheumatologists should be consulted when patients with IBD present with undifferentiated joint complaints. However, more prospective cohort studies are needed to validate these results.
A pilot study: lenticule quality of hyperopic small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in rabbits
Authors: Zhao Yu , Zhao Feng , Han Tian , Zhao Jing , Zhou Xingtao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate lenticule surface characteristics of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for hyperopia correction in rabbits. Methods: The left and right eyes of 8 rabbits were divided into two groups. The right eyes were assigned to a hyperopia group, and the left eyes to a myopia group. The rabbits received SMILE procedures with +3.00 D and –3.00 D correction for the hyperopia and myopia groups, respectively. Extracted lenticules were examined via scanning electron microscopy. Lenticules from odd-numbered rabbits were accessed with the anterior surface, and lenticules from even-numbered rabbits were observed with the posterior surface. A previously established scoring system was used to evaluate lenticule surface characteristics. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare the scores between the two groups. Results: All procedures were performed successfully, and the lenticules were extracted smoothly. One myopia lenticule that was facing downward was handled failed in preparation for imaging, thus 15 lenticules were ultimately graded. Twelve lenticules exhibited smooth surfaces, and regularly arranged tissue bridges were observed in almost all regions. Three lenticules exhibited a partially rough surface and irregularities affecting more than 10% of the lenticules (2 in the hyperopia group and 1 in the myopia group). Rough lenticules occurred in twice as many Lenticules in the hyperopia group compared to the myopia group. Conclusions: Scan quality of lenticules after SMILE for hyperopia correction is comparable to that of myopia lenticules. The shape of hyperopic lenticule may increase the difficulty of surgical manipulation and result in surface roughness.
A CT study of tibiofemoral rotation alignment in normal knee joint of Chinese adult
Authors: Lu Yufeng , Ren Xiaoyu , Liu Benyin , Xu Peng , Hao Yangquan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : Tibial rotation in total knee arthroplasty remains controversial. The aim was to investigate which anatomical reference was closer to SEA in 10 tibial markers in Chinese adult. Methods : The study included 122 normal lower extremities. 10 axes were drawn on the axial sections: transverse axis of tibia(TAT), axis of medial edge of patellar tendon (MEPT), axis of medial 1⁄3 of patellar tendon attachment (M1/3), Akagi line, Insall line, axis of medial border of tibial tubercle(MBTT)，axis of anterior border of the tibia 1-4(ATC1-4). The angles between TAT and SEA as well as the angles between other axes and the perpendicular to SEA were measured. Pairwise differences among the 10 tibial axes were examined using one-way ANOVA and paired t-test. Results : In all the knees, the mean angles of M1/3, Akagi line, Insall line, MBTT, ATC1, ATC2, ATC3, and ATC4 axes compared to perpendicular of projected SEA were 10.2±5.1°, 1.4±5.0°, 11.9±5.4°, 3.6±4.8°, 12.0±6.9°, 7.2±8.6°, 7.1±10.4°, and 6.6±13.5° external rotation, respectively, and the MEPT axis was 1.6±4.5° internal rotation. The TAT was 4.1±5.3° external rotation compared to SEA. The M1⁄3 and Insall line were significantly externally rotated than Akagi line, MEPT, MBTT, TAT, ATC2, ATC3, and ATC4 axes. There was no significant difference between the TAT axis and the MBTT axis, as well as no significant difference between the ATC2, ATC3, and ATC4 axes. Conclusion : Akagi line, MBTT and TAT show good consistency with SEA in axial femorotibial alignment with knee in extension. The middle segment of the anterior tibial crest also has good alignment consistency with SEA in axial femorotibial alignment, it can be reliable reference mark for rotational alignment of the tibial component in TKA.
Genomics of Maize Stover Yield and Saccharification Efficiency Using a Multi-Parent Advanced Generation Intercross (MAGIC) Population
Authors: Lopez-Malvar Ana , Butron A , Malvar R , Gomez LD , Faas L , McQueen-Mason S , Revilla P , Figueroa-Garrido DJ , Santiago R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Cellulosic ethanol derived from fast growing C4 grasses could become an alternative to finite fossil fuels. With the potential to generate a major source of lignocellulosic biomass, maize has gained importance as an outstanding model plant for studying the complex cell wall network, and as a model to optimize crop breeding strategies in bioenergy grasses. A genome-wide association study was conducted using a subset of 408 Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) from a Multiparent-Advanced Intercross (MAGIC) Population in order to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with yield and saccharification efficiency of maize stover.Results: We identified 4 SNPs significantly associated with stover yield that corresponded to 4 QTL, and 16 SNPs significantly associated with saccharification efficiency, that could be clustered into 5 QTL. Markers linked to these QTL could be used in marker-assisted selection programs to improve ethanol production. In addition, we have pointed out genes that contain the significant SNPs or are physically close to them. Conclusions: Genes involved in nitrogen assimilation, organ growth, and stress tolerance could be good candidates attending to QTLs for stover yield. On the other hand, for saccharification efficiency we highlight genes implicated in biomass degradation, transcriptional control of monolignol biosynthesis, and lignin polymerization as probable candidate genes in the QTLs involved.
Platelet adhesion and aggregate formation controlled by immobilised and soluble VWF
Authors: Schneider Matthias F. , Fallah Mohammad A. , Mess Christian , Obser Tobias , Schneppenheim Reinhard , Alexander-Katz Alfredo , Schneider Stefan W. , Huck Volker 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background It has been demonstrated that von Willebrand factor (VWF) mediated platelet-endothelium and platelet-platelet interactions are shear dependent. The VWF's mobility under dynamic conditions (e.g. flow) is pivotal to platelet adhesion and VWF-mediated aggregate formation in the cascade of VWF-platelet interactions in haemostasis. Results Combining microfluidic tools with fluorescence and reflection interference contrast microscopy (RICM) microscopy, here we show, that specific deletions in the A-domains of the biopolymer VWF affect both, adhesion and aggregation properties independently. Intuitively, the deletion of the A1-domain led to a significant decrease in both adhesion and aggregate formation of platelets. Nevertheless, the deletion of the A2-domain revealed a completely different picture, with a significant increase in formation of rolling aggregates (gain of function). We predict that the A2-domain effectively ‘masks’ the potential between the glycoprotein Ib and the A1-domain. Furthermore, the deletion of the A3-domain led to no significant variation in either of the two functional characteristics. Conclusions These data demonstrate that the macroscopic functional properties i.e. adhesion and aggregate formation cannot simply be assigned to the properties of one particular domain, but have to be explained by cooperative phenomena. The absence or presence of molecular entities likewise affects the properties (thermodynamic phenomenology) of its neighbours, therefore altering the macromolecular function.
Expression and function of transmembrane 4 superfamily proteins in digestive system cancers
Authors: Qi Yaoyue , Li Hui , Lv Jing , Qi Weiwei , Shen Liwei , Liu Shihai , Ding Aiping , Wang Gongjun , Sun Libin , Qiu Wensheng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Although the medical level is constantly improving, cancer is still a major disease that threatens human health, and very effective treatments have not been found. In recent years, studies have found that four-transmembrane superfamily proteins are involved in multiple stages of tumorigenesis and development, but their expression and prognosis in tumors have not been systematically studied. Methods We used the Oncomine database to analyze the mRNA expression levels of TSPAN family in various cancers. Then differentially expressed genes were screened out and verified by liver cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric cancer cells by q-PCR and Western blot analysis. CCK8 and EDU analysis are used to detect cell proliferation, Cell wound scrape assay and Cell invasion assay are used to analyze cell invasion and metastasis. Nude tumor formation test used to verify the tumor suppressive effect of TSPAN7 in vivo. Results: Differential analysis of 33 TSPAN proteins revealed that a total of 11 proteins showed differential expression in 10% of independent analyses, namely TSPAN1, TSPAN3, TSPAN5, TSPAN6, TSPAN7, TSPAN8, TSPAN13, TSPAN25, TSPAN26, TSPAN29, TSPAN30 . TSPAN7 is the only four-transmembrane protein with reduced expression in three types of digestive tract tumors, so we chose TSPAN7 to be selected for cellular and molecular level verification. We found that compared with normal cells, the expression of TSPAN7 in liver cancer cells was significantly reduced, while the expression of gastric and colon cancer was not significantly different from that of normal cells. In addition, we also found that the high expression of Tspan7 not only inhibited the proliferation of HCC-LM3 cells, but also inhibited its invasion and metastasis. Conclusions Some members of the TSPAN family show significant expression differences between cancer and normal tissues, of which TSPAN7 may be a potential biomarker for liver cancer.