bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review of sourcing and 3D printing: make-or-buy decisions in industrial buyer–supplier relationships
Authors: Meyer Matthias M. , Glas Andreas H. , Eßig Michael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) is regarded as a technology that has transformative and disruptive potential in nearly all industries. However, AM is not only about new production equipment and processes. Given the decreasing degree of vertical integration in many companies, suppliers add significant value to the finished product. AM might lead to the redesign of production networks, including a scenario in which the buyer uses AM to produce parts with data provided by suppliers. Overall, AM could have a major impact on the ways in which buyers and suppliers collaborate in the future. Nevertheless, research on AM in the field of industrial procurement remains scarce. This is surprising, given that AM is not only changing traditional procurement categories and creating new ones (comprising printers, powder raw materials, data and the associated engineering services) but AM’s widely discussed potential for decentralisation might also restructure the logistical aspects (transport, stocks) of supply chains. In addition, AM may resurrect the old procurement question of ‘make or buy’. Current research focuses on the logistical aspects of AM and concerns such issues of decentralisation (such as the diminishing need for transportation and the design of transport networks). In contrast, this research addresses the question of whether AM demands new answers to strategic sourcing questions. For this purpose, academic journal literature concerning procurement and AM search strings is reviewed. Selected articles are analysed using a fine-grained analytical framework of procurement strategies. The findings show that existing research lacks theoretical approaches and a systematic view of the topic. Specifically, the analysis reveals a number of distinct knowledge gaps, which present several potential directions for future research.
Adipose Morphology: a Critical Factor in Regulation of Human Metabolic Diseases and Adipose Tissue Dysfunction
Authors: Liu Fangcen , He Jielei , Wang Hongdong , Zhu Dalong , Bi Yan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEmerging evidence highlights that dysfunction of adipose tissue contributes to impaired insulin sensitivity and systemic metabolic deterioration in obese state. Of note, adipocyte hypertrophy serves as a critical event which associates closely with adipose dysfunction. An increase in cell size exacerbates hypoxia and inflammation as well as excessive collagen deposition, finally leading to metabolic dysregulation. Specific mechanisms of adipocyte hypertrophy include dysregulated differentiation and maturation of preadipocytes, enlargement of lipid droplets, and abnormal adipocyte osmolarity sensors. Also, weight loss therapies exert profound influence on adipocyte size. Here, we summarize the critical role of adipocyte hypertrophy in the development of metabolic disturbances. Future studies are required to establish a standard criterion of size measurement to better clarify the impact of adipocyte hypertrophy on changes in metabolic homeostasis.
The Complex Management of Atrial Fibrillation and Cancer in the COVID-19 Era: Drug Interactions, Thromboembolic Risk, and Proarrhythmia
Authors: Gatti Milo , Raschi Emanuel , Poluzzi Elisabetta , Martignani Cristian , Salvagni Stefania , Ardizzoni Andrea , Diemberger Igor 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Cardiotoxicity by anticancer agents has emerged as a multifaceted issue and is expected to affect both mortality and morbidity. This review summarizes clinical challenges in the management of oncological patients requiring anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation (AF) also considering the current outbreak of the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, since this infection can add challenges to the management of both conditions. Specifically, the aims are manyfold: (1) describe the evolving use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in AF patients with cancer; (2) critically appraise the risk of clinically important drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between DOACs and oral targeted anticancer agents; (3) address expected DDIs between DOACs and candidate anti-COVID drugs, with implications on management of the underlying thrombotic risk; and (4) characterize the proarrhythmic liability in cardio-oncology in the setting of COVID-19, focusing on QT prolongation.

Recent Findings
AF in cardio-oncology poses diagnostic and management challenges, also due to the number of anticancer drugs recently associated with AF onset/worsening. Oral targeted drugs can potentially interact with DOACs, with increased bleeding risk mainly due to pharmacokinetic DDIs. Moreover, the vast majority of oral anticancer agents cause QT prolongation with direct and indirect mechanisms, potentially resulting in the occurrence of torsade de pointes, especially in susceptible patients with COVID-19 receiving additional drugs with QT liability.

Summary
Oncologists and cardiologists must be aware of the increased bleeding risk and arrhythmic susceptibility of patients with AF and cancer due to DDIs. High-risk individuals with COVID-19 should be prioritized to target preventive strategies, including optimal antithrombotic management, medication review, and stringent monitoring.
The effects of grain size and different multi-stage shearing techniques on shear strength along rock discontinuities
Authors: Vattai Alina , Rozgonyi-Boissinot Nikoletta 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe effects of grain size and different multi-stage shearing techniques on shear strength along discontinuities were analyzed in this study. Laboratory direct shear tests were carried out on plaster mortar with maximum grain sizes of 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm. All specimen surfaces were essentially similar, copied from the same natural, Hungarian coarse-grained sandstone joint with a low joint roughness coefficient (JRC = 8). Tests within two different normal stress ranges (σn = 0.25–0.5 and 0.5–1.5 MPa) were performed simultaneously. Specimens tested using the technique involving modified shearing with repositioning were sheared three times while being subjected to the same degree of normal stress (shearing sequence n = 1, 2, 3) and those with multi-stage technique without repositioning were subjected to shearing once at three different degrees of normal stress. The changing values of the peak friction angle calculated from the resulting peak shear strength-normal stress data pairs (τp − σn) were examined. Failure curves were estimated using linear regression, according to the Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion. The differences between the various peak friction angles obtained from experiments in which different multi-stage shearing techniques were used tend to increase in significance with the increasing number of shearing sequences. Peak friction angle values vary according to grain size of the material, though further investigations using more grain sizes are required to establish the extent of the effect on shear strength along discontinuities.
A Micro Structure POF Relative Humidity Sensor Modified With Agarose Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance and Evanescent Wave Loss
Authors: Hu Yanjun , Ghaffar Abdul , Hou Yulong , Liu Wenyi , Li Fei , Wang Jun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA novel high sensitivity relative humidity (RH) sensor was proposed by using micro structure plastic optical fiber (POF) based on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect and the evanescent wave (EW) loss. The micro structure was fabricated on the POF and coated with a gold layer and agarose, adopting the sputtering and dip-coating technique. These construction effects on the attenuation of power caused by the SPR effect and the EW loss were used to perform RH detections. The agarose’s different refractive indexes (RIs) caused fluctuations in the transmission power when the humidity increased. The demonstrated experimental results showed that the proposed sensor achieved a linear response from 20% RH to 80% RH with a high sensitivity of 0.595µW/%. The proposed sensor had the advantages of fast response and recovery. Furthermore, the temperature dependence and the repeatability test of the sensor were also performed.
An approach to lifting self-isolation for health care workers with prolonged shedding of SARS-CoV-2 RNA
Authors: Laferl H. , Kelani H. , Seitz T. , Holzer B. , Zimpernik I. , Steinrigl A. , Schmoll F. , Wenisch C. , Allerberger F. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
According to the European Public Health Authority guidance for ending isolation in the context of COVID-19, a convalescent healthcare worker (HCW) can end their isolation at home and resume work upon clinical improvement and two negative RT-PCR tests from respiratory specimens obtained at 24-h intervals at least 8 days after the onset of symptoms. However, convalescent HCWs may shed SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA for prolonged periods.

Methods
40 healthy HCWs off work because of ongoing positive RT-PCR results in combined nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) swabs following SARS-CoV-2 infection were invited to participate in this study. These HCWs had been in self-isolation because of a PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. NP and OP swabs as well as a blood sample were collected from each participant. RT-PCR and virus isolation was performed with each swab sample and serum neutralization test as well as two different ELISA tests were performed on all serum samples.

Results
No viable virions could be detected in any of 29 nasopharyngeal and 29 oropharyngeal swabs taken from 15 long-time carriers. We found SARSCoV- 2 RNA in 14/29 nasopharyngeal and 10/29 oropharyngeal swabs obtained from screening 15 HCWs with previous COVID-19 up to 55 days after symptom onset. Six (40%) of the 15 initially positive HCWs converted to negative and later reverted to positive again according to their medical records. All but one HCW, a healthy volunteer banned from work, showed the presence of neutralizing antibodies in concomitantly taken blood samples. Late threshold cycle (Ct) values in RT-PCR [mean 37.4; median 37.3; range 30.8–41.7] and the lack of virus growth in cell culture indicate that despite the positive PCR results no infectivity remained.

Conclusion
We recommend lifting isolation if the RT-PCR Ct-value of a naso- or oropharyngeal swab sample is over 30. Positive results obtained from genes targeted with Ct-values > 30 correspond to non-viable/noninfectious particles that are still detected by RT-PCR. In case of Ct-values lower than 30, a blood sample from the patient should be tested for the presence of neutralizing antibodies. If positive, non-infectiousness can also be assumed.
The Polish version of the Düsseldorf Orthorexia Scale (PL-DOS) and its comparison with the English version of the DOS (E-DOS)
Authors: Brytek-Matera Anna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Although orthorexia nervosa, the fixation on health-conscious eating behaviour, was first described in the 90 s, there is no clear understanding whether existing ON measures are appropriate for its assessment. The objectives of the present study were to: (1) examine the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the DOS (PL-DOS) and to compare the PL-DOS with the English version of the DOS (E-DOS) as well as (2) evaluate the prevalence of ON among Polish university students and compare the prevalence rates of ON among Polish and U.S. students.

Methods
Four-hundred and twelve students (77.2% female) with a mean age of 24.62 years (SD = 6.86) participated in the present study. All participants completed the Polish version of the Düsseldorf Orthorexia Scale (PL-DOS), the Eating Habits Questionnaire (EHQ) and the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI).

Results
Reliability analysis for the PL-DOS showed strong internal consistency with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.840 and a coefficient omega of 0.840, 95% CI [0.808, 0.866]. Significant correlation coefficients were found between the PL-DOS and all subscales of the EHQ. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the one-factor model had poor fit. Polish students had an ON prevalence rate of 6.6%, lower than that of U.S. students (8%).

Conclusions
Our findings validate the use of the PL-DOS as an appropriate ON measure for a Polish population.

Level of evidence
Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
First assessment of habitat suitability and connectivity for the golden jackal in north-eastern Italy
Authors: Torretta Elisa , Dondina Olivia , Delfoco Claudio , Riboldi Luca , Orioli Valerio , Lapini Luca , Meriggi Alberto 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCompared with the rapid expansion across Europe, the golden jackal colonization of Italy is still limited and slow. No study focused on the habitat selection or landscape connectivity for this species was performed in Italy; thus, the potential distribution and dispersal patterns in the country remain unknown. Our objectives were to evaluate the suitability of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region (north-eastern Italy) for the golden jackal, as well as to identify the ecological corridors connecting the areas currently occupied by the species. Corridors modelling allowed us both to hypothesize the dispersal dynamics occurring in the study region and to identify possible obstacles to future range expansion. We surveyed golden jackal presence in two study areas, covering an area of 500 km2, from March 2017 to February 2018. Using collected data, we modelled the species home-range scale habitat suitability based on an ensemble modelling approach. Subsequently, a habitat suitability prediction at a finer scale was used to estimate landscape resistance, starting from which, we modelled dispersal corridors among areas currently occupied by the species using a factorial least cost path and a cumulative resistant kernel approach. Our results indicated a moderate potential for large parts of the study region to support the occurrence of golden jackal family groups, whose presence seems to be mainly driven by the presence of wide areas covered by broadleaved forests and shrublands and by the absence of wide intensive agricultural areas. The predicted connectivity networks showed that three main permeable corridors are likely to connect golden jackal occurrence areas within the study region, while all the other corridors are characterized by a very low path density. Both the habitat selection and connectivity analyses showed a strong negative impact of the intensive cultivated plain on species stable presence and movement providing critical information for the conservation of the golden jackal in Italy.
The Philosophy of Emil Fackenheim
Authors: Green Kenneth Hart 
Published: October 2020

Fackenheim was one of the philosophically serious, knowledgeable, and provocative contemporary Jewish thinkers. His original focus as a philosophical theologian was mainly on revelation, but in his later work he concerned himself primarily with the wide-ranging implications of the Holocaust. In this book, Kenneth Green examines Fackenheim's intellectual trajectory and traces how and why he focused so intently on the Holocaust. He explores the deeper thought that Fackenheim developed about the Holocaust, which he construed as a cataclysmic event that ruptured history and one that also brought about a change in the very structure of being. As Green demonstrates, the Holocaust, according to Fackenheim's interpretation, changes how we view all things, from God to man to history. It also radically affects Judaism, Christianity, and philosophy, the major traditions that have shaped the Western world.
Have Europeans Grown Tired of Democracy? New Evidence from Eighteen Consolidated Democracies, 1981–2018
Authors: Wuttke Alexander , Gavras Konstantin , Schoen Harald 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDemocracies without democrats are not sustainable. Yet, recent studies have argued that Western citizens are turning their backs on the system of self-governance, thereby eroding the societal foundations of consolidated democracies. This study contributes to discussions about citizen support of democracy by (1) analyzing new cross-national survey data in 18 European countries that facilitate assessments of the temporal and geographical generalizability of previous findings, (2) disentangling age, cohort and period effects, thereby aligning the analytical methods with the theoretical arguments and (3) transparently reporting all evidence derived from pre-registered analyses to avoid cherry-picked findings. The findings show that citizens of consolidated democracies continue to endorse self-governance. Yet in some (but not all) countries, there is evidence of a growing number of ‘democrats in name only’, particularly among the young generation. These findings suggest a second phase in research on democratic fatigue that broadens the analytical scope for the multi-faceted nature of democratic support.
Over-under cartilage tympanoplasty: technique, results and a call for improved reporting
Authors: Erbele I D , Fink M R , Mankekar G , Son L S , Mehta R , Arriaga M A 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the microscopic over-under cartilage tympanoplasty technique, provide hearing results and detail clinically significant complications.MethodThis was a retrospective case series chart review study of over-under cartilage tympanoplasty procedures performed by the senior author between January 2015 and January 2019 at three tertiary care centres. Cases were excluded for previous or intra-operative cholesteatoma, if a mastoidectomy was performed during the procedure or if ossiculoplasty was performed. Hearing results and complications were obtained.ResultsSixty-eight tympanoplasty procedures met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 13 years (range, 3–71 years). The mean improvement in pure tone average was 6 dB (95 per cent confidence interval 4–9 dB;p <0.0001). The overall perforation closure rate was 97 per cent (n =66). Revision surgery was recommended for a total of 6 cases (9 per cent) including 2 post-operative perforations, 1 case of middle-ear cholesteatoma and 3 cases of external auditory canal scarring.ConclusionOver-under cartilage tympanoplasty is effective at improving clinically meaningful hearing with a low rate of post-operative complications.
Formulating other minds in social interaction: Accountability and courses of action
Authors: Zinken Jörg , Kaiser Julia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe examine moments in social interaction in which a person formulates what another thinks or believes. Such formulations of belief constitute a practice with specifiable contexts and consequences. Belief formulations treat aspects of the other person's prior conduct as accountable on the basis that it provided a new angle on a topic, or otherwise made a surprising contribution within an ongoing course of actions. The practice of belief formulations subjectivizes the content that the other articulated and thereby topicalizes it, mobilizing commitment to that position, an account, or further elaboration. We describe how the practice can be put to work in different activity contexts: sometimes it is designed to undermine the other's position as a subjective ‘mere belief’, at other times it serves to mobilize further topic talk. Throughout, belief formulations show themselves to be a method by which we get to know ourselves and each other as mental agents. (Accountability, beliefs, courses of action, formulations, inference, subjectivity, topicalization)*
Probing linguistic change in Arabic vernaculars: A sociohistorical perspective
Authors: Al-Wer Enam , Horesh Uri , Alammar Deema , Alaodini Hind , Al-Essa Aziza , Al-Hawamdeh Areej , Al-Qahtani Khairia , Hussain Abeer Ab 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIt is received wisdom in variationist sociolinguistics that linguistic and social factors go hand in hand in structuring variability in language and any consequent instances of language change. We address the complexity of such factors by exploring data from several Arabic dialects in the eastern Arab world. We demonstrate that language change does not always follow expected phonological trajectories, even in cases where older changes are reconstructed to have operated along so-called universal patterns. In our explanation of recent changes in these dialects, we emphasise the role of social motivations for language change and the interactions between these social constraints and purely linguistic ones. Our analysis of change is supported by historical accounts of variation and change in Arabic. We illustrate how general principles of sociolinguistic theory apply to the Arabic data and provide additional layers of sociolinguistic information that highlight the importance of diverse data for evaluating cross-linguistic generalisations. (Arabic, language change, historical sociolinguistics)
Patient experience of Guided self-help CBT intervention for VoicEs (GiVE) delivered within a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hazell Cassie M. , Kelly Orla , O’Brien Sorcha , Strauss Clara , Cavanagh Kate , Hayward Mark 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Access to cognitive behaviour therapy for those with psychosis (CBTp) remains poor. The most frequently endorsed barrier to implementation is a lack of resources. To improve access to CBTp, we developed a brief form of CBTp that specifically targets voice-related distress. The results of our pilot trial of guided self-help CBT for voices (GiVE) suggest that the therapy is both acceptable and beneficial. The present study aims to explore the subjective patient experience of accessing GiVE in the context of a trial. We interviewed nine trial participants using the Change Interview and a mixed methods approach. Most participants reported at least one positive change that they attributed to GiVE. We extracted five themes: (1) changes that I have noticed; (2) I am not alone; (3) positive therapy experiences; (4) I want more therapy; and (5) helping myself. The themes indicate that participating in the GiVE trial was generally a positive experience. The main areas in which participants experienced changes were improved self-esteem, and the ability to cope with voices. Positive changes were facilitated by embracing and enacting ‘self-help’ and having support both in and out of the therapy sessions. The findings support the use of self-help materials with those distressed by hearing voices, but that support both within and outside the clinical setting can aid engagement and outcomes. Overall, the findings support the continued investigation of GiVE.

Key learning aims

(1)
To explore participants’ experience of accessing GiVE as part of a trial.

(2)
To identify what (if any) changes participants noticed over the course of the GiVE trial.

(3)
To identify what participants attribute these changes to.