bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Osteomyelitis of the Posterior Column of the Acetabulum: About a Case
Authors: Jlidi M. , Selim D. , Jedidi N. , Khelil K. , Trabelsi Y. , Bouzaidi K. , Khorbi A. 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Acute osteomyelitis usually occurs in the metaphysis of the long bones, the lower limb being more commonly affected than the upper limb. Pelvic localization is rare.
Observation: An 11-year-old boy with no remarkable history of illness visited our emergency room complaining from high fever and atromatic right hip pain. The orthopedic examination objectified a limitation of the right hip joint motions especially in extension, the palpation of the groinâ€™s crease was slightly painful without local inflammatory signs nor lymphadenopathies. Blood laboratory tests found an inflammatory syndrome. Hip X-rays did not show any abnormality, the ultrasound of the right hip showed a joint effusion of low abundance measuring 1 mm. Magnetic resonance imaging detected anhypointense signal on T1-weighted sequences and a high intensity signal on T2-weighted on the right acetabulum with contrast enhacement after gadolinium administration. It combines a fat infiltration and a collection of 13x6 mm in the internal obturator muscle. The diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis of the posterior column with soft tissue invasion and reactive arthritis was confirmed. The blood cultures did not isolate a germ and the urinalysis was negative. The child was given antibiotic therapy: amoxicillin clavulanic acid and fusidic acid intravenously for a period of 21 days and then orally for a total duration of 12 weeks. The evolution was marked by a clinical improvement and a negation of the CRP. A 3-month control MRI showed total regression of the soft tissue collections.
Discussion: Pelvic osteomyelitis is rare, patients with pelvic osteomyelitis can present various clinical signs, which gives place to late or erroneous diagnosis. The prognosis of pelvic osteomyelitis is very favorable. The rate of recovery without sequelae is greater than 95%, but decreases with late diagnosis and treatment failure.
Conclusion: Osteomyelitis remains an endemic pathology in Tunisia despite the development of diagnostic’ means and antibiotic therapy. Pelvic osteomyelitis is rare; it poses a diagnostic problem especially with Ewing's sarcoma. Its prognosis is favorable but decreases with a delay of antibiotic administration.
A Retrospective Study on Clinical Features of Early Neonatal Jaundice in Term Babies at Ratchaburi Hospital, Thailand
Authors: Phyu Khine Lynn , Zaw Kaung , Kyaw Soe Htoo Htoo , Than Nan Nitra , Lwin Htay , Limkittikul Kriengsak 
Published: November 2019

Background: Neonatal jaundice is a common condition that sometimes lead to devastating neurological consequence such as kernicterus.
Aim: This study was aimed to find out the clinical features and etiology of neonatal jaundice in term newborn admitted to Ratchaburi Hospital.
Study Design: Hospital-based retrospective study
Methodology: The study was conducted by reviewing 117 medical records of neonatal jaundice who were admitted at Ratchaburi Regional Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand from 1st October 2007 to 30th September 2008. Both the patient’s and their mother’s profiles, etiology and clinical features of jaundice were extracted.
Results: The results showed that the most common etiology was inconclusive jaundice (64.9%) followed by ABO incompatibility (17.9%) and breast feeding jaundice (10.2%). Other less common causes were G6PD deficiency, minor blood group incompatibility and cephalhematoma. The onset of the neonatal jaundice usually occurred on the 2nd to the 4th day of life and almost all newborns responded well to phototherapy. Most of interventions were started on the 2nd day of life. Moreover, exchange transfusion was needed in four cases. The maximum and minimum haematocrit was significantly lower while Nucleated Red Cell (NRC) count and percent of reticulocytes counts were significantly higher in haemolysis group than in non-haemolysis group,.
Conclusion: From our study, the most common etiology was inconclusive jaundice which is followed by ABO incompatibility but non-immune hemolysis and polycythemia were not encountered. There was significant difference of hematocrit, NRC and reticulocytes between hemolytic and non-hemolytic groups. Detailed approach of history taking and physical examination, early investigations of jaundice work up and septic work up are recommended in eliciting various etiologies and preventing complications.
Plan-Do-Check-Act Framework: Effects on Pediatric Students Nurses Compliance toward Using Intravenous Smart Pump
Authors: Allam Nehal. A. , AlSadhan Norah A. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Using Intravenous Smart Pump by pediatric nursing students has shaped the challenge of finding innovative ways to teach clinical skills. The study aimed to assess the effect of PDSA framework on pediatric nurses compliance in using smart pump technology for intravenous medication administration in the pediatric intensive care unit.
Design: A Quasi-Experimental quantitative, pre/post-test design was used to conduct the study. A purposive sample of 90 pediatric nursing students chosen based on the simple random sample for the academic year 2016– 2017, participated in the study.
Methods: Three tools were designed by the researchers to collect the necessary data to implement the Plan Do Study Act (PDSA) framework.
Statistical Analysis: The collected data were coded, analyzed and tabulated using frequencies and percentage, mean, standard deviation & chi-square tests.
Results: There was a statistically significant difference and marked improvement in nurses students’ total knowledge and skills levels of smart pump intravenous administration (Pre and Post Plan Do Study Act (PDSA) framework) pre/post periods of assessment. It was observed that the majority of studied sample had good scores (100%, 97.8%, 97.8% & 93.3%) respectively post-intervention compared to (73.3%, 64.5%, 52.2%, 36.7%, 16.7%, 13.3%) pre-program and respectively (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Administration of intravenous therapy for neonates can be risky but when supported by the use of smart pump systems with proper programming, compliance nurses students and staff education by reporting, monitoring, it will be a valuable tool to avoid actually catastrophic damage related to medication and infusion errors.
Recommendation: Collaboration between health professionals is the key of successful implementation of smart infusion pump technology which can improve patient safety.
Spectrum of Neonatal Surgical Problems in the Newborn: Incidence, Clinical Course, Immediate Outcome, Follow up Study in a Tertiary Care NICU
Authors: Sachin K. G. , Sachin K. R. , Ramesh H. , Prasad Guru , Bullapur Harsha 
Published: November 2019

Background: A congenital anomaly may be defined in terms of physical structure as a malformation, an abnormality of physical structure or form usually found at birth or during the first few weeks of life. Congenital anomalies affect approximately 1 in 33 infants and result in approximately 3.2 million birth defect-related disabilities every year. Congenital anomalies or birth defects are relatively common, affecting 3% to 5% of live births in the United States (US) and 2.1% in Europe. Congenital anomalies account for 8% to 15% of perinatal deaths and 13% to 16% of neonatal deaths in India.
Objectives: To provide an insight on the burden and types of surgical problems encountered in our NICU of Bapuji Child Health Institute & Research Center, JJM Medical College, Davangere, Karnataka, India and to study the incidence, clinical profile and outcome of surgical condition. Methodology: A total of 3820 babies were examined over a period of 2 years. The relevant information was documented on a semi-structured proforma and analysed.
Results: Overall incidence of congenital malformations at birth was 24.8 per 1000 births. The GIT system (51.58%) was most commonly involved followed by respiratory system (26.32%). The incidence of congenital malformation was more in male babies than female babies. Increased frequency was seen in babies born to mothers between 26–30 years & primigravida. The factors which significantly increased the rate of congenital malformations were consanguinity in parents & bad obstetric history. Out of 95 cases, 72% got discharged normally, 18% died in NICU and 10% got discharged against medical advise.
Conclusion: With emphasis on “small family” norms and population control it is necessary to identify malformations so that interventional programmes can be planned. Systematic clinical examination of newborns for early detection of anomalies that may warrant medical or surgical intervention. Accurate antenatal anomaly scan need to be done to identify major malformations and terminate the pregnancy.
The Dynamic Emission Zone in Sandwich Polymer Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells
Authors: Diethelm Matthias , Schiller Andreas , Kawecki Maciej , Devižis Andrius , Blülle Balthasar , Jenatsch Sandra , Knapp Evelyne , Grossmann Quirin , Ruhstaller Beat , Nüesch Frank , Hany Roland 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn light‐emitting electrochemical cells (LECs), the position of the emission zone (EZ) is not predefined via a multilayer architecture design, but governed by a complex motion of electrical and ionic charges. As a result of the evolution of doped charge transport layers that enclose a dynamic intrinsic region until steady state is reached, the EZ is often dynamic during turn‐on. For thick sandwich polymer LECs, a continuous change of the emission color provides a direct visual indication of a moving EZ. Results from an optical and electrical analysis indicate that the intrinsic zone is narrow at early times, but starts to widen during operation, notably well before the electrical device optimum is reached. Results from numerical simulations demonstrate that the only precondition for this event to occur is that the mobilities of anions (μa) and cations (μc) are not equal, and the direction of the EZ shift dictates μc > μa. Quantitative ion profiles reveal that the displacement of ions stops when the intrinsic zone stabilizes, confirming the relation between ion movement and EZ shift. Finally, simulations indicate that the experimental current peak for constant‐voltage operation is intrinsic and the subsequent decay does not result from degradation, as commonly stated.
Exciplex Emission in Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells and Light Outcoupling Methods for More Efficient LEC Devices
Authors: Uchida Soichi , Nishikitani Yoshinori 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMuch effort has gone into research on light‐emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) in recent years. LECs have a simple structure and can be fabricated using low‐cost methods and materials and are seen as the next big thing in organic devices after organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). In particular, expectations are high, in that LECs could be used to create a new generation of low‐cost lighting systems, making use of their surface‐emitting property. Getting such systems to the market will require the development of highly efficient white light‐emitting LECs. A variety of methods for obtaining white emission based on the light‐mixing principle have been explored. Among these, the use of exciplexes formed between donor‐type and acceptor‐type molecules is one of the more promising. Exciplex emission is broad in spectrum and can be used to produce LECs with a high color rendering index. In this progress report, the recent developments in research into LECs designed to utilize exciplex emission and present technologies used to obtain white emission are discussed. The potential for using thermally activated delayed fluorescence to improve efficiency is described. Finally, the latest developments in optical engineering techniques for LECs are also discussed.
Light Irradiation of Gold Nanoparticles Toward Advanced Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Amendoeira Ana , García Lorenzo Rivas , Fernandes Alexandra R. , Baptista Pedro V. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. To challenge this epidemic, there are growing demands for the development of new advanced and targeted therapeutics capable of effectively tackling cancer cells with improved selectivity. Nanomedicine has put forward several innovative therapeutics toward improving therapeutic efficacy while decreasing the deleterious side effects of current chemotherapy. Multifunctional gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been at the core of a plethora of advanced therapeutic strategies that provide selective targeting with their unique optical properties, capable to interact with the light of specific wavelength to deliver therapy with tremendous spatiotemporal precision. AuNPs have been exploited as photodynamic and photothermal therapeutic agents alone or in combination with other cancer treatment modalities with other cancer applications. Due to their exceptional physicochemical properties, they have been proven efficacious allies for photodynamic therapy and for photothermal therapy regimens. Herein, the rapidly progressing literature related to the use of these promising strategies against cancer is discussed, highlighting their possible future clinical translation.
A Tailored Multifunctional Anticancer Nanodelivery System for Ruthenium‐Based Photosensitizers: Tumor Microenvironment Adaption and Remodeling
Authors: Liang Jin‐Hao , Zheng Yue , Wu Xiao‐Wen , Tan Cai‐Ping , Ji Liang‐Nian , Mao Zong‐Wan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRuthenium complexes are promising photosensitizers (PSs), but their clinical applications have many limitations. Here, a multifunctional nano‐platform PDA‐Pt‐CD@RuFc formed by platinum‐decorated and cyclodextrin (CD)‐modified polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with a ferrocene‐appended ruthenium complex (RuFc) is reported. The NPs can successfully deliver RuFc to the tumor sites. The release of RuFc from the NPs can be triggered by low pH, photothermal heating, and H2O2. The combined photodynamic and photothermal therapy (PDT‐PTT) mediated by PDA‐Pt‐CD@RuFc NPs can overcome the hypoxic environment of tumors from several aspects. First, the platinum NPs can catalyze H2O2 to produce O2. Second, vasodilation caused by photothermal heating can sustain the oxygen supplement. Third, PDT exerted by RuFc can also occur through the non‐oxygen‐dependent Fenton reaction. Due to the presence of PDA, platinum NPs, and RuFc, the nanosystem can be used in multimodal imaging including photothermal, photoacoustic, and computed tomography imaging. The NPs can be excited by the near‐infrared two‐photon light source. Moreover, the combined treatment can improve the tumor microenvironments to obtain an optimized combined therapeutic effect. In summary, this study presents a tumor‐microenvironment‐adaptive strategy to optimize the potential of ruthenium complexes as PSs from multiple aspects.
2D Materials for Large‐Area Flexible Thermoelectric Devices
Authors: Kanahashi Kaito , Pu Jiang , Takenobu Taishi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe rapid development of the concept of the “Internet of Things (IoT)” requires wearable devices with maintenance‐free batteries, and thermoelectric energy conversion based on large‐area flexible materials has attracted much attention. Among large‐area flexible materials, 2D materials, such as graphene and related materials, are promising for thermoelectric applications due to their excellent transport properties and large power factors. In this Review, both single‐crystalline and polycrystalline 2D materials are surveyed using the experimental reports on thermoelectric devices of graphene, black phosphorus, transition metal dichalcogenides, and other 2D materials. In particular, their carrier‐density dependent thermoelectric properties and power factors maximized by Fermi level tuning techniques are focused. The comparison of the relevant performances between 2D materials and commonly used thermoelectric materials reveals the significantly enhanced power factors in 2D materials. Moreover, the current progress in thermoelectric module applications using large‐area 2D material thin films is summarized, which consequently offers great potential for the use of 2D materials in large‐area flexible thermoelectric device applications. Finally, important remaining issues and future perspectives, such as preparation methods, thermal transports, device designs, and promising effects in 2D materials, are discussed.
Hemoglobin S polymerization and sickle cell disease: A retrospective on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of Pauling's Science paper
Authors: Eaton William A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract70 years ago, Linus Pauling, the legendary genius of 20th century chemistry, published his famous work on the molecular cause of sickle cell disease, a paper that gave birth to what is now called molecular medicine. In this paper, Pauling left important questions unanswered that have motivated an enormous amount of scientific and clinical research since then. This retrospective discusses the basic science studies that have answered those questions directly related to the kinetics and thermodynamics of hemoglobin S polymerization.
X‐linked duplication copy number variation in a familial overgrowth condition
Authors: Ha Thoa K. , Mardy Anne H. , Beleford Daniah , Spanier Andrew , Wayman Brette V. , Penon‐Portmann Monica , Wiita Arun P. , Shieh Joseph T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe describe an overgrowth condition associated with X‐linked copy number variation. Three brothers displayed an overgrowth pattern at birth that continued postnatally. Clinical findings included macrocephaly, distinctive facial features, developmental delay and variable clubfoot. Normal fetal growth was noted until the third trimester by Hadlock standards, revealing a late gestational overgrowth pattern. Microarray analysis in the family showed a maternally inherited 680 kb copy number duplication at Xq26.1‐q26.2 in all three brothers. Molecular sequencing for known overgrowth conditions including GPC3, Sotos 1 (NSD1), Malan (NFIX), Perlman (DIS3L2), Weaver (EZH2), Opitz–Kaveggia (MED12) loci were negative. BWS IC1 and IC2 methylation and CDKN1C testing was also negative. Normal IGF1 levels excluded X‐linked acrogiantism. The duplicated region Xq26.1‐q26.2 contained IGSF1 and at least part of the lncRNA FIRRE. IGSF1, a highly expressed pituitary immunoglobulin superfamily gene, was recently implicated in a genome‐wide association study of canine size. IGSF1 variants were associated with large canine breeds compared to smaller breeds. Our findings support the hypothesis that an X‐linked variant encompassing the IGSF1 region may be associated with body size. Although IGSF1 loss has been noted in human hypothyroidism, this is the first reported phenotype in a family with copy number duplication in the region. Our findings suggest that prenatal evaluation, cross‐species evaluation, Mendelian, and GWAS studies may describe a distinctive familial condition and its corresponding phenotypic features.
Spectroscopic characterization, thermogravimetric and antimicrobial studies of some new metal complexes derived from4‐(4‐Isopropyl phenyl)‐2‐oxo‐6‐phenyl 1,2‐dihyropyridine‐3‐carbonitrile (L)
Authors: Sadeek S.A. , Mohamed A.A. , El‐Sayed H.A. , El‐Attar M.S. 
Published: November 2019

A new series of Fe (III), Co (II), Zn (II), Y (III), Zr (IV) and La (III) complexes derived from the novel ligand 4‐(4‐Isopropyl phenyl)‐2‐oxo‐6‐phenyl 1,2‐dihyropyridine‐3‐carbonitrile (L) were synthesized and characterized. The mode of bonding of L and geometrical structures of their metal complexes were elucidated by different micro analytical and spectral methods (FT‐IR,UV–visible,1H NMR and Mass spectra) as well as thermal analysis (TG and DTG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results of analytical and spectroscopic equipments revealed that L acts as bidentate through nitrogen of carbonitrile group and oxygen of keto group. The conductivity measurement results deduced that these chelates are electrolyte with 1:2 for Co (II), Zn (II), and Zr (IV) and 1:3 for Fe (III), Y (III), and La (III). The results of magnetic moment measurements supported paramagnetic for some complexes (Fe (III), Co (II) and Cu (II)) and diamagnetic phenomena for the other complexes (Y (III), Zr (IV) and La (III)). Thermodynamic parameters such as energy of activation E*, entropy ΔS*, enthalpy ΔH* and Gibss free energy ΔG* were calculated using Coats‐Redfern and Horowitz‐Metzeger methods at n = 1 or n#1. Some results of bioactivity tests for ligands and their metal complexes were recorded against Gram‐positive, Gram‐negative bacteria and antifungal. The complexes showed significant more than free ligand.
Improving estimates of richness, habitat associations, and assemblage characteristics of freshwater gastropods
Authors: Narr Charlotte F. , Krist Amy C. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Freshwater gastropods are imperilled globally and are among North America's most vulnerable major animal groups. Habitat loss, invasive species, and inadequate information about species distributions and assemblages all impair efforts to conserve freshwater gastropods. Conservation efforts are also impaired by difficulty obtaining and using distributional data for snails and other inconspicuous organisms, which are required to assess habitat associations.
A gastropod‐specific sampling protocol was developed and used to survey 110 sites from 24 sub‐basins in two major river basins of the Intermountain West, USA. Habitat associations of individual taxa and groups of taxa that co‐occurred together more frequently than expected by chance were also examined.
Using the gastropod‐specific sampling protocol, snails were found at most sites, even in regions where general macroinvertebrate sampling did not detect snails. Thus, these results show that general macroinvertebrate surveys do not accurately reflect the diversity of freshwater gastropods. Although snails of the same family are typically expected to live in the same habitats, this study found that in most cases, within a gastropod family, taxa exhibited unique habitat associations because they co‐occurred more frequently with taxa from different gastropod families. Five genera or sub‐genera were associated with specific mesohabitat or substrate types while two groups of co‐occurring taxa were associated with specific land classes or landform types.
For diverse, inconspicuous taxa such as freshwater gastropods, qualitative, class‐specific sampling methods, and analyses of habitat associations based on co‐occurring taxa, rather than relatedness, should facilitate conservation efforts.