bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disease control after surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis: prospective, multi‐institutional validation of the Sinus Control Test
Authors: Little Ryan E. , Schlosser Rodney J. , Smith Timothy L. , Storck Kristina A. , Alt Jeremiah A. , Beswick Daniel M. , Mace Jess C. , Mattos Jose L. , Ramakrishnan Vijay R. , Soler Zachary M. 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundThe Sinus Control Test (SCT) is a 4‐question, patient‐reported questionnaire that assesses disease control in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). This prospective, multicenter study examines SCT outcomes following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), further validating its use as a control instrument for CRS.MethodsAdults with CRS undergoing ESS were prospectively enrolled from 5 centers across North America. The SCT was administered at baseline and once 6 months after surgery. Quality of life and disease burden were evaluated using the 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) and Lund‐Kennedy endoscopy scores. Linear regression was used to determine whether specific demographic, comorbidity, or disease severity measures were independently associated with changes in SCT scores postoperatively.ResultsA total of 218 patients, 111 females (50.9%) and 107 males (49.1%), were enrolled, with mean ± standard deviation age of 50.1 ± 15.6 years. Mean SCT score improved from 8.9 ± 3.5 to 4.3 ± 3.7 postoperatively (p < 0.001). Preoperatively, 21.6% were uncontrolled, 71.5% partially controlled, and 6.9% controlled. Postoperatively, 6.0% were uncontrolled, 42.6% partially controlled, and 51.4% controlled (p < 0.001). Change in SCT score correlated independently with change in SNOT‐22 (r = 0.500, p < 0.001) and endoscopy scores (r = 0.310, p < 0.001). Endoscopy scores did not correlate with control status among patients with CRS without nasal polyposis (CRSsNP) nor between uncontrolled and partially controlled patients. Demographics and comorbidities were not associated with changes in SCT.ConclusionImprovement in disease control following ESS as measured by the SCT correlated with improvements in SNOT‐22 and endoscopy scores. The SCT is an easily administered instrument that provides information complementary to existing patient‐reported and objective measures of disease severity.
Chimeric cytochrome P450 3A4 used for in vitro prediction of food–drug interactions
Authors: Sadeghi Sheila J. , Di Nardo Giovanna , Gilardi Gianfranco 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInhibition of cytochrome P450 (CYP)‐mediated drug metabolism by dietary substances is the main cause of drug–food interactions in humans. The present study reports on the in vitro inhibition assays of human CYP3A4 genetically linked to the reductase domain of bacterial BM3 of Bacillus megaterium (BMR) resulting in the chimeric protein CYP3A4–BMR. The activity of this chimeric enzyme was initially measured colorimetrically with erythromycin as the substrate where KM values similar to published data were determined. Subsequently, the inhibition assays with three different dietary products, grapefruit juice, curcumin, and resveratrol, were carried out with the chimeric enzyme both in solution and immobilized on electrode surfaces. For the solution studies, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate was added as the electron donor, whereas the need for this cofactor was obviated in the immobilized enzyme as it was supplied by the electrode. Inhibition of the N‐demethylation of erythromycin by CYP3A4–BMR chimera was measured at increasing concentrations of the different dietary compounds with calculated IC50 values of 0.5%, 31 μM, and 250 μM for grapefruit juice, curcumin, and resveratrol measured in solution compared with 0.7%, 24 μM, and 208 μM measured electrochemically, respectively. These data demonstrate the feasibility of the use of both CYP3A4–BMR chimera as well as bioelectrochemistry for in vitro studies of not only drug–food interactions but also prediction of adverse drug reactions in this important P450 enzyme.
The SCIFF‐Derived Ranthipeptides Participate in Quorum Sensing in Solventogenic Clostridia
Authors: Chen Yunliang , Yang Yunpeng , Ji Xinjian , Zhao Ran , Li Guoquan , Gu Yang , Shi Aiping , Jiang Weihong , Zhang Qi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRanthipeptides, defined as radical non‐α thioether‐containing peptides, are a newly emerging class of natural products belonging to the ribosomally synthesized and post‐translationally modified peptide (RiPP) superfamily. Ranthipeptides are shown to be widespread in the bacterial kingdom, whereas heretofore their biological functions remain completely elusive. In this work, putative ranthipeptides are investigated from two solventogenic clostridia, Clostridium beijerinckii and Clostridium ljungdahlii, which are derived from the so‐called six Cys in forty‐five residues (SCIFF) family of precursor peptides. A series of analysis show that these two ranthipeptides participate in quorum sensing and controlling cellular metabolism. These results highlight the diverse biological functions of the ever‐increasing family of RiPP natural products and showcase the potential to engineer industrially interesting organisms by manipulating their RiPP biosynthetic pathways.
Regular anatomical terms revisited: The simplest is often the right one
Authors: Neumann Paul E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRegular anatomical (RA) terminology rules were developed to simplify and clarify Latin anatomical terms in a systematic manner. These rules, which prohibit conjunctions, prepositions, and appositions, and define a consistent word order pattern, are extensions of the original 1895 rule of anatomical nomenclature that anatomical terms should be as short and simple as possible. It is not coincidental that most terms in Terminologia Anatomica (TA), and many traditional terms that were not used in TA, are consistent with RA term rules, and that the RA term rules are also consistent with the guidelines for expanding short form terms to full, unique terms. The consistent form of RA terms facilitates learning and translation, and is easier for humans and machines to manipulate than terms that are not compliant with RA term rules. Despite assertions to the contrary, RA terms are proper Latin terms that simplify the anatomical terminology and, in many cases, restore traditional terms.
Anatomical variations of the tibialis anterior tendon
Authors: Karauda Piotr , Podgórski Michał , Paulsen Friedrich , Polguj Michał , Olewnik Łukasz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe tibialis anterior muscle originates from the medial part of the anterior compartment, from the upper two‐thirds of the lateral surface of the tibia and the adjacent part of the interosseous membrane, and typically inserts to the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bone. The goal of the study was to examine the insertion of the tibialis anterior tendon and create a classification in human fetuses.Materials and methodsFifty spontaneously‐aborted human fetuses (26 male, 24 female, 100 lower limbs), aged 18–38 weeks of gestation at death were examined.ResultsThe classification comprised five types of tibialis anterior tendon insertion. The most common was Type V (60%), which was characterized by a single tendon inserting onto the medial cuneiform bone. The second most frequent was Type I (19%), which was characterized by a tendon which split into two equal‐sized parts that insert to the medial cuneiform bone and the base of the first metatarsal. The third was Type II (12%), which was characterized by a tendon splitting into two different‐sized parts that inserted onto the medial cuneiform bone (larger component) and the base of the first metatarsal (smaller component). The fourth type was Type III (5%), which was also characterized by a tendon splitting into two different‐sized parts that inserted onto the medial cuneiform bone (smaller component) and the base of the first metatarsal (larger component). Finally, Type VI (4%), the least frequent type, was characterized by a tendon splitting into three different‐sized parts, inserting onto the medial cuneiform bone (the smallest component) and the base of the first metatarsal (the middle and larger component).ConclusionThe tibialis anterior muscle is characterized by high variability in the approach of its tendon to the foot, at least in fetuses. This is classified in the present study for the first time.
Sugar recovery rates in Louisiana, Florida, and Australia (1901–2018): Sugarcane varietal development and cultural practices
Authors: Kennedy P. Lynn , Schmitz Andrew , Zhang Fangyi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAustralia, Florida, and Louisiana are dominant sugar producers. We use piecewise regression to compare the growth in sugar recovery rates. To discuss sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) varietal development and cultural practices, we consider two scenarios: the entire period 1901 to 2018 and two subperiods using country‐specific breakpoints. The overall annual increase in the sugar recovery rate for all three regions ranged between 0.0180% for Australia and 0.0525% for Florida. In the first subperiod, Florida (0.2380%, 1928–1941) and Australia (0.1233%, 1901–1927) have the greatest annual gains, but in the second subperiod, Louisiana experiences the greatest annual gains (0.0813%, 1969–2018), followed by Florida (0.0531%, 1942–2018) and Australia (−0.0075%, 1928–2018). Louisiana's gains from 1969 to 2018 coincide with the adoption and use of the sugarcane cultivars CP 65‐357, CP 70‐321, LCP 85‐384, HoCP 96‐540, and L 01‐299.
CSR and branding in emerging economies: The effect of incomes and education
Authors: Cambra‐Fierro Jesús J. , Flores‐Hernández J. Alfredo , Pérez Lourdes , Valera‐Blanes Guadalupe 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSustainable development is a fundamental objective for guaranteeing the future of the planet. Taking into account the impact of emerging economies on the global economy and the scarcity of papers that have considered the effect of CSR initiatives on consumer behavior on those economies, it seems that further research on this issue is necessary. In particular, we analyze the extent to which CSR affects the connection and links of the consumer to the brand (i.e., self–brand connection, brand engagement). The main contribution of the paper to the field is the analysis of the interaction between CSR and branding in the context of an emerging economy. To that aim, and also in a novel way, we use the Stimuli–Organism–Response (SOR) model for a sample of more than 400 food and beverage consumers in Metropolitan Lima, Peru. Our results show that CSR effectively acts as a stimulus for consumers to identify and link to brands and that, in addition, these links generate buy‐back (i.e., loyalty) and recommendation behaviors (i.e., WOM) which, in turn, create a great commercial value for companies. This research also analyses how incomes and educational levels moderate the intensity of such links. For practical implications, global trends in managing CSR and branding may be useful, although some cross‐cultural and context‐specific adaptations are necessary.
Safety and potential efficacy of cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors in coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Ong Sean Wei Xiang , Tan Wilnard Yeong Tze , Chan Yi‐Hao , Fong Siew‐Wai , Renia Laurent , Ng Lisa FP , Leo Yee‐Sin , Lye David Chien , Young Barnaby Edward 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesWhile the safety of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in COVID‐19 has been questioned, they may be beneficial given the hyper‐inflammatory immune response associated with severe disease. We aimed to assess the safety and potential efficacy of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) selective inhibitors in high‐risk patients.MethodsRetrospective study of patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia and aged ≥ 50 years who were admitted to hospital. Adverse outcomes analysed included supplemental oxygen use, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation and mortality, with the primary endpoint a composite of any of these. Plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were measured in a subset.ResultsTwenty‐two of 168 (13.1%) in the cohort received COX‐2 inhibitors [median duration 3 days, interquartile range (IQR) 3–4.25]. Median age was 61 (IQR 55–67.75), 44.6% were female, and 72.6% had at least one comorbidity. A lower proportion of patients receiving COX‐2 inhibitors met the primary endpoint: 4 (18.2%) versus 57 (39.0%), P = 0.062. This difference was less pronounced after adjusting for baseline difference in age, gender and comorbidities in a multivariate logistic regression model [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.45, 95% CI 0.14–1.46]. The level of interleukin‐6 declined after treatment in five of six (83.3%) treatment group patients [compared to 15 of 28 (53.6%) in the control group] with a greater reduction in absolute IL‐6 levels (P‐value = 0.025).ConclusionTreatment with COX‐2 inhibitors was not associated with an increase in adverse outcomes. Its potential for therapeutic use as an immune modulator warrants further evaluation in a large randomised controlled trial.
Coupled CO2 capture and thermochemical heat storage of CaO derived from calcium acetate
Authors: Sun Chaoying , Yan Xianyao , Li Yingjie , Zhao Jianli , Wang Zeyan , Wang Tao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCaO/Ca(OH)2 thermochemical heat storage (THS) technology is considered to be one of the most promising technologies for large‐scale solar energy storage. However, the THS performance of raw CaO‐based materials decreases during multiple cycles. In this work, CaO derived from calcium acetate (Ac‐CaO) is prepared and applied to a coupled system that achieved simultaneous CaO/Ca(OH)2 THS and CO2 capture. The CO2 capture and THS performances of Ac‐CaO are always higher than those of calcined limestone owing to the preferable pore structure, whereas Ac‐CaO exhibits decreasing CO2 capture and THS performance resulting from sintering and the formation of CaCO3 from CaO or Ca(OH)2 with ambient CO2 during air cooling, respectively. In the coupled CaO/Ca(OH)2 THS and CO2 capture system, Ac‐CaO is subjected to 10 CO2 capture cycles, 30 THS cycles, 1 CO2 capture cycle, 10 THS cycles, 1 CO2 capture cycle, and 10 THS cycles sequentially. The hydration and dehydration conversions of Ac‐CaO in the 31st THS cycle reach 91.7 and 93.6%, respectively, which are 1.6 and 1.6 times higher than those recorded prior to the 11th CO2 capture cycle owing to the decomposition of CaCO3 during calcination. The carbonation conversion of Ac‐CaO achieves 89.9% in the 11th CO2 capture cycle, which is 22.3% higher than that recorded prior to the 10 THS cycles owing to reactivation from the hydration process during THS. The CO2 capture and CaO/Ca(OH)2 THS processes are enhanced in the coupled system using Ac‐CaO; therefore, the coupled system appears promising for CaO/Ca(OH)2 THS and CO2 capture. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact and acceptance of a state‐wide policy to remove sugar‐sweetened beverages in hospitals in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Cranney Leonie , Drayton Bradley , Thomas Margaret , Tang Beatrice , O’Connell Tarli , Crino Michelle , Cobcroft Megan , Chau Josephine , Bauman Adrian , Phongsavan Philayrath 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIssue addressedPolicy and environmental approaches can reduce the accessibility and purchasing of sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSBs), potentially reducing overweight and obesity. This study examined the impact of a state‐wide policy on removal of SSBs from sale in NSW public hospitals (launched July 2017), and explored consumer awareness and support.MethodsA convenience sample of 81 food outlets in 26 hospitals were audited for SSB availability before and after the target date for SSB removal (31 December 2017). An interviewer‐administered intercept survey in 10 randomly selected hospitals (March‐May 2018), assessed staff and visitors’ awareness of and support for SSB removal. Descriptive and χ2 analyses assessed differences in: SSB availability; staff and visitor awareness and support. Open‐ended survey responses were thematically analysed.ResultsThe proportion of outlets that removed SSBs increased from 58.0% to 96.3% (P < .001). The majority (79.5%) of the 2394 surveyed supported SSB removal, with nearly half (48.4%) reporting it would improve people's health. A minority (13.4%) did not support SSB removal, more than half (61.4%) of those said individuals should have free choice. More staff than visitors were aware of the change (61.9% vs 31.2%; P < .0001).ConclusionsAvailability of SSBs in NSW hospitals was significantly reduced after implementation of a policy to remove them from sale. There was strong staff and visitor support for the initiative.So what?This study provides clear evidence that a policy designed to provide a healthy hospital retail drink environment can be successfully implemented at scale with high levels of support from staff and visitors.SummaryA state‐wide policy initiative to remove SSBs from sale in NSW hospital food outlets in 2017 was successfully implemented, with a sample of outlets having nearly 100% compliance. The majority of staff and visitors (80%) supported the removal of SSBs, mostly because they believed it would improve individual and population health.
Incorporation of pretreatment leukocytosis and thrombocytosis into the FIGO staging system for prognosis in surgically treated endometrial cancer
Authors: Yokoi Eriko , Mabuchi Seiji , Komura Naoko , Shimura Kotaro , Matsumoto Yuri , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the impact of incorporating pretreatment leukocytosis and/or thrombocytosis in the FIGO staging system on prognostic prediction among women with surgically treated endometrial cancer.MethodsRetrospective review of clinical data from 900 women with endometrial cancer treated at Osaka University Hospital, Japan, between 2000 and 2016. The effect of concurrent leukocytosis and thrombocytosis on the prediction of recurrence and survival outcomes was evaluated via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the Kaplan‐Meier method.ResultsAmong 678 women with Stage I–III disease, pretreatment leukocytosis or thrombocytosis alone were not prognostic indicators, but concurrent pretreatment leukocytosis and thrombocytosis was associated with significantly shorter survival (PFS, P<0.001; OS, P=0.004). In contrast, pretreatment leukocytosis, pretreatment thrombocytosis, and concurrent pretreatment leukocytosis and thrombocytosis did not provide any prognostic information for women with Stage IV disease. In ROC curve analysis, incorporation of concurrent pretreatment leukocytosis and thrombocytosis into the FIGO staging system resulted in a higher area under the curve for predicting recurrence for women with Stages I–III disease (0.770 vs 0.755; P=0.045).ConclusionIncorporating concurrent pretreatment leukocytosis and thrombocytosis into the FIGO staging system might improve predictive performance and allow additional risk stratification for women with Stage I–III endometrial cancer.
Longitudinal health‐related quality of life in first‐line treated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Results from the Connect® CLL Registry
Authors: Sharman Jeff P. , Cocks Kim , Nabhan Chadi , Lamanna Nicole , Kay Neil E. , Grinblatt David L. , Flowers Christopher R. , Davids Matthew S. , Kiselev Pavel , Swern Arlene S. , Sullivan Kristen , Gharibo Mecide M. , Flick E. Dawn , Trigg Andrew , Mato Anthony 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHealth‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is important in guiding treatment decisions. However, the impact of CLL treatment initiation on HRQoL is unclear. We assessed HRQoL using the FACT‐Leu and EQ‐5D‐3L questionnaires in the Connect® CLL Registry, a large, US‐based, multicenter, prospective observational study of CLL patients enrolled between 2010 and 2014, prior to the introduction of novel therapies. Among 889 patients initiating first‐line therapy with chemoimmunotherapy or rituximab monotherapy, questionnaire completion rates were 95.7% and 95.8% at enrollment, and 70.8% and 69.4% at 12 months, for FACT‐Leu Total and EQ‐5D‐3L, respectively. For 849 patients completing all five FACT‐Leu components, average total scores were 135.7 at enrollment and 141.6 at 12 months. Among 526 patients with FACT‐Leu Total scores at enrollment and 12 months, clinically meaningful (≥11‐point) improvements or reductions were observed in 179 (34.0%) and 88 (16.7%) patients, respectively. Mean EQ‐5D‐3L index scores were 0.87 at enrollment and 12 months. Among 513 patients completing EQ‐5D‐3L at enrollment and 12 months, clinically meaningful (≥0.06‐point) improvements or reductions were observed in 125 (24.4%) and 116 (22.6%) patients, respectively. In the Connect® CLL Registry, HRQoL remained stable or slightly improved after 12 months of follow‐up.
A multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial for preoperative biliary drainage with uncovered metal versus plastic stents for resectable periampullary cancer
Authors: Cho Jae Hee , Yoon Yoo‐Seok , Kim Eui Joo , Kim Yeon Suk , Cho Jai Young , Han Ho‐Seong , Park Yeon Ho , Shin Dong Woo , Lee Jong‐chan , Hwang Jin‐Hyeok , Kim Jaihwan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground/PurposeAlthough routine preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) in patients with distal malignant biliary obstruction is generally not recommended, there are still various situations where it may be necessary. The current study aims to compare the uncovered self‐expandable metal stent (uSEMS) and plastic stent (PS), where PBD may be necessary.Patients and MethodsIn this multicenter prospective randomized study, patients with resectable periampullary cancer with cholangitis, deep jaundice, or expected long waiting time for surgery were included. PBD was performed endoscopically, but percutaneous drainage was allowed if the initial endoscopic drainage was not feasible. The primary outcome was the reintervention rate; the secondary outcomes were the complication rates, rate of decrease of total bilirubin, waiting time for surgery, and postoperative hospital stay.ResultsOf the 60 enrolled patients, 53 were included for analysis (26 PS and 27 uSEMS). Common bile duct cancer was the most common (27, 50.9%), followed by pancreatic head cancer (20, 37.7%). Regarding PBD indication, 36 (67.9%) had cholangitis and 21 (39.6%) had a total bilirubin level of more than 10 mg/dL at randomization; 10 (18.9%) were included due to delayed surgery by more than 7 days. Fifty (94.3%) patients received pancreaticoduodenectomy, and one (1.9%) patient received palliative hepaticojejunostomy. The median waiting time for surgery was 11.0 days. There was no difference in the reintervention rate (3.8% and 3.8% in PS and uSEMS, P > .999), PBD‐related complication rate (23.1% and 22.2%, P > .999), PBD‐ or surgery‐related complication rate (57.7% and 48.1%, P = .674), and the rate of decrease of total bilirubin (P = .541). The median hospital stay after surgery was 13.0 days without significant difference.ConclusionFor patients who received surgery within the first 2 weeks from receiving PBD, there was no superiority of uSEMS to PS. According to the expected waiting time for surgery, selective approach for stent choice should be considered.