bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progression of Physical Frailty and the Risk of All‐Cause Mortality: Is There a Point of No Return?
Authors: Xue Qian‐Li , Bandeen‐Roche Karen , Tian Jing , Kasper Judith D. , Fried Linda P. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate the rate and patterns of accumulation of frailty manifestations in relationship to all‐cause mortality and whether there is a point in the progression of frailty beyond which the process becomes irreversible and death becomes imminent (a.k.a. point of no return).DesignLongitudinal observational study.SettingCommunity or a non‐nursing home residential care setting.ParticipantsTwo thousand five hundred and fifty seven robust older adults identified at baseline in 2011 with follow‐up for all‐cause mortality between 2011 and 2018.MeasurementsFrailty was measured by the physical frailty phenotype. Cox models were used to study the relationships of the number of frailty criteria (0–5) at each point in time and its accumulation patterns with all‐cause mortality. Markov state‐transition models were used to study annual transitions between health states (i.e., frailty, recovery, and death) after becoming frail among those with frailty onset (n = 373).ResultsThere was a nonlinear association between greater number of frailty criteria and increasing risk of mortality, with a notable risk acceleration after having accumulated all five criteria (hazard ratio (HR) = 32.6 vs none, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 15.7–67.5). In addition, the risk of one‐year mortality tripled, and the likelihood of recovery (i.e., reverting to be robust or pre‐frail) halved among those with five frailty criteria compared to those with three or four criteria. A 50% increase in mortality risk was also associated with frailty onset without (vs with) a prior history of pre‐frailty (HR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.20–1.90).ConclusionBoth the number and rate of accumulation of frailty criteria were associated with mortality risk. Although there was insufficient evidence to declare a point of no return, having all five‐frailty criteria signals the beginning of a transition toward a point of no return. Ongoing monitoring of frailty progression could aid clinical and personal decision‐making regarding timing of intervention and eventual transition from curative to palliative care.
Remnant oral biofilm and microorganisms after autoclaving sterilization of retrieved healing abutments
Authors: Barreiros Pedro , Braga João , Faria‐Almeida Ricardo , Coelho Cristina , Teughels Wim , Souza Júlio C. M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the sterilization effectiveness against biofilms on retrieved healing abutments used in implant dentistry.BackgroundA large number of clinicians reuse healing abutments to decrease treatment costs although it can promote infection due to the presence of remnant biofilm biomass.MethodsOne hundred and eighty‐five titanium healing abutments previously used for 3 months in oral cavity were assessed in this study. Abutments were submitted to cleaning, chemical disinfection, and autoclave sterilization according to clinical guidelines. The abutments were aseptically placed into glass tubes containing specific bacterial growth medium and then incubated for 10 days. From glass tubes with bacterial growth, 100 µl medium was transferred to Schaedler's agar for morphological identification and counting of strict anaerobes and to Columbia blood agar for presumptive identification of facultative anaerobes after incubation. Isolated strains were then identified at species level by enzymatic and biochemical tests within API microorganism detection platform. Also, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for identification of undefined strains.ResultsAfter the standard cleaning and sterilization procedures, fifty‐six (approximately 30%) retrieved abutments showed the presence of remnant biofilm biomass. The bacteria identified into the remnant biofilms covering the abutments were representative of the commensal oral microbiota including Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, and Enterococcus faecalis.ConclusionAlthough some healing abutments did not reveal the existence of bacteria, organic components from biofilm biomass are still strongly adhered on the retentive micro‐regions and surfaces of abutments and therefore that would support the accumulation of biofilm including pathogenic species leading to patients’ cross‐infections. Further studies should be performed on the assessment of different materials, design, and connections of the healing abutments associated with clinical disinfection procedures in implant dentistry.
Collaborative Innovation in Labor Market Inclusion
Authors: Lindsay Colin , Pearson Sarah , Batty Elaine , Cullen Anne Marie , Eadson Will 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article deploys the concept of “collaborative innovation” to discuss key stakeholders’ and service users' experiences of innovative labor market inclusion services. We draw on work by Sørensen and Torfing (2011, 2016, 2017) to frame collaborative innovation as a distinctive approach to the coproduction of services that respond to user needs, and highlight the importance of governance and leadership practices that foster mutual learning and boundary spanning innovation. The article reports on 102 interviews with service users (in this case, unemployed lone parents) and 117 interviews with key stakeholders involved in local partnerships. We identify benefits from such collaborative approaches in terms of innovative service design and positive outcomes for service users. We conclude that policy makers should consider the potential added value of collaborative innovation in labor market inclusion.
Social‐Psychological Context Moderates Incentives to Co‐produce: Evidence from a Large‐Scale Survey Experiment on Park Upkeep in an Urban Setting
Authors: Letki Natalia , Steen Trui 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper presents evidence that the relevance of incentives to co‐produce depends on the social‐psychological context under which actors operate. We propose that context (including community attachment, trust in local authorities, ethnic diversity, unemployment level, and population density) moderates effect of incentives (utility of the co‐produced service, monetary and reputational rewards, and social norms). Through a survey experiment carried out in 593 urban locations across 13 countries, we show that willingness to co‐produce increases with community attachment and decreases with ethnic diversity of the local area. The relevance of utility and social norms as determinants of willingness to co‐produce depends on the social‐psychological context. Reputational and monetary rewards have limited effect, and their relation to the context is less clear. All incentives are largely irrelevant when actors operate in cooperation‐conducive circumstances, where co‐production is a value in itself. However, their importance as “tools” to encourage co‐production arises under challenging contexts.
Prediction of tourist flow based on multi‐source traffic data in scenic spot
Authors: Lu Hao , Zhang Jianqin , Xu Zhijie , Shi Ruixuan , Wang Jiachuan , Xu Shishuo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAt present, China's tourism industry has entered an era of rapid development. It is of great significance to predict the precise and real‐time tourist flow of the popular tourist areas with dense crowds, providing decision support for rational evacuation of tourist flow, activation of emergency plans, and prevention of security accidents. This article presents a long short‐term memory (LSTM) neural network model based on the global attention mechanism. The model first uses two LSTM layers to calculate attention weights using multi‐source data at different time steps to improve the model’s learning ability. Then the model predicts the tourist flow of the scenic spots in the next time period based on the weights and outputs previously obtained. At the final stage, the pre‐trained parameters of the network are used to initialize the model. To verify the validity of the model, we compared it with the LSTM model, back propagation neural network model, and autoregressive integrated moving average model based on the data of Beijing’s South Luogu Lane scenic spot. It turned out that the results of our solution were more in line with the true value, which proves that it is feasible for real‐time prediction of tourist flow in popular scenic spots.
OsmiR164‐targeted OsNAM, a boundary gene, plays important roles in rice leaf and panicle development
Authors: Chang Zhongyuan , Xu Ruihan , Xun Qian , Liu Jiajun , Zhong Tianhui , Ding Yanfeng , Ding Chengqiang 
Published: December 2020

SUMMARYThe CUP‐SHAPED COTYLEDON (CUC) genes (CUC1, CUC2 and CUC3) regulate organ boundary formation in Arabidopsis. However, the functions of their homologous genes in rice (Oryza sativa) are still unknown. Here, we have identified an orthologous gene of CUC1 and CUC2 in rice, named OsNAM. Subcellular localization and yeast two‐hybrid assay results have suggested that OsNAM encodes a conserved nuclear NAC (NAM/ATAF1/CUC2) protein with a transcriptional activator. The null mutant osnam‐1 presented a fused leaf structure, small panicles, reduced branches and aberrant floral organ identities when compared with those of the wild type. Beta‐glucuronidase staining and GFP reporter lines indicated that OsNAM was expressed in young tissues and that its boundary enrichment expression was regulated by OsmiR164. Loss‐of‐function mutants for OsCUC3 resulted in no obvious defects throughout rice development. The osnam oscuc3 double mutant, however, resulted in severe leaf fusion of the first two leaves, while the osnam single mutant showed a similar phenotype from the seventh leaf. These results indicated that OsNAM and OsCUC3 act redundantly for boundary specification during post‐embryonic development. Overall, we describe the biological functions of OsNAM and OsCUC3 in rice development and the expression characteristics of OsNAM. This work reveals the important role of CUC genes in rice.
A WHO tool for risk‐based decision making on blood safety interventions
Authors: Janssen Mart P. , Nuebling C. Micha , Lery François‐Xavier , Maryuningsih Yuyun S. , Epstein Jay S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundRisk‐based decision making is increasingly recognized as key to support national blood policy makers and blood operators concerning the implementation of safety interventions, especially to address emerging infectious threats and new technology opportunities. There is an urgent need for practical decision support tools, especially for low‐ and middle‐income countries that may not have the financial or technical capability to develop risk models. WHO supported the development of such a tool for blood safety. The tool enables users to perform both a quantitative Multi‐Criteria Decision Assessment and a novel step‐by‐step qualitative assessment.Study Design and MethodsThis paper summarizes the content, functionalities, and added value of the new WHO tool. A fictitious case study of a safety intervention to reduce the risk of HIV transmission by transfusion was used to demonstrate the use and usefulness of the tool.ResultsApplication of the tool highlighted strengths and weaknesses of both the quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative approach facilitates assessment of the robustness of the decision but lacks nuances and interpretability especially when multiple constraints are taken into consideration. Conversely, while unable to provide an assessment of robustness, the step‐by‐step qualitative approach helps structuring the thought process and argumentation for a preferred intervention in a systematic manner.ConclusionThe relative strengths and weaknesses of the quantitative and step‐by‐step qualitative approach to risk‐based decision making are complementary and mutually enhancing. A combination of the two approaches is therefore advisable to support the selection of appropriate blood safety interventions for a particular setting.
Associations of DASH Diet in Pregnancy With Blood Pressure Patterns, Placental Hemodynamics, and Gestational Hypertensive Disorders
Authors: Wiertsema Clarissa J. , Mensink‐Bout Sara M. , Duijts Liesbeth , Mulders Annemarie G. M. G. J. , Jaddoe Vincent W. V. , Gaillard Romy 
Published: December 2020

Background
The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet improves blood pressure in nonpregnant populations. We hypothesized that adherence to the DASH diet during pregnancy improves hemodynamic adaptations, leading to a lower risk of gestational hypertensive disorders.

Methods and Results

We examined whether the DASH diet score was associated with blood pressure, placental hemodynamics, and gestational hypertensive disorders in a population‐based cohort study among 3414 Dutch women. We assessed DASH score using food‐frequency questionnaires. We measured blood pressure in early‐, mid‐, and late pregnancy (medians, 95% range: 12.9 [9.8–17.9], 20.4 [16.6–23.2], 30.2 [28.6–32.6] weeks gestation, respectively), and placental hemodynamics in mid‐ and late pregnancy (medians, 95% range: 20.5 [18.7–23.1], 30.4 [28.5–32.8] weeks gestation, respectively). Information on gestational hypertensive disorders was obtained from medical records. Lower DASH score quartiles were associated with a higher mid pregnancy diastolic blood pressure, compared with the highest quartile (
P
<0.05). No associations were present for early‐ and late pregnancy diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure throughout pregnancy. Compared with the highest DASH score quartile, the lower DASH score quartiles were associated with a higher mid‐ and late pregnancy umbilical artery pulsatility index (
P
≤0.05) but not with uterine artery resistance index. No associations with gestational hypertensive disorders were present.

Conclusions
A higher DASH diet score is associated with lower mid pregnancy diastolic blood pressure and mid‐ and late pregnancy fetoplacental vascular function but not with uteroplacental vascular function or gestational hypertensive disorders within a low‐risk population. Further studies need to assess whether the effects of the DASH diet on gestational hemodynamic adaptations are more pronounced among higher‐risk populations.
Repositioning Xinxing 信行 (540–594) in the Chinese Meditation Tradition
Authors: Lin Pei-ying 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper aims to bring out an alternative perspective on the life and work of the alleged founder of the Sanjiejiao 三階教 school, Xinxing. The current study discusses a different aspect of Xinxing’s influence, namely, his impact as a chan master. As the prominent Chan School went through different phases of development, the influence of Xinxing’s meditational teaching waxed and waned in the Chan cycle. Focusing on the texts titled Duigen qixingfa 對根起行法 and Zhizhongshi zhufa 制眾事諸法, I will explore the connotation of sanmei 三昧 (samādhi) in his teaching. In particular, I will explore the term “formless samādhi” (wuxiang sanmei 無相三昧) in Xinxing’s work and in other contemporary texts on meditation by meditation masters, such as Huisi 慧思 (515–577). In this way, this study situates Xinxing in the larger context of meditation teachings which emerged during the sixth century.
Yulu Formation in Chinese Chan: The Records of Qingyuan Xingsi and Nanyue Huairang
Authors: Welter Albert 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In recent decades, the study of Chan Buddhism has emerged from the haze of mythologically tinged orthodoxy. This study focuses on the yulu (Dialogue Record) formation process of two of Chan’s most important masters, Qingyuan Xingsi and Nanyue Huairang, linchpins for a flourishing Chan tradition allegedly descended from them. Viewed through four seminal texts – Zutang ji, Zongjing lu, Jingde chuandenglu and Tiansheng guangdenglu – Qingyuan Xingsi and Nanyue Huairang represent two very different cases in the development of Chan. While Xingsi remains a relatively obscure figure, Huairang emerges with a full-fledged Chan persona. The study emphasizes the role of textual compilations in shaping the Chan imaginaire of these two masters.
A retrospective study of tailored surgery based on the mechanical balance principle for involutional entropion in the lower eyelid
Authors: Hu Jian , Li Yueyue , Li Qian , Wang Liqiang , Huang Yifei 
Published: December 2020

Objective: Involutional entropion in the lower eyelid is one of the most common eyelid disorders of the elderly. Despite the effectiveness of the widely used surgical procedures, recurrence rates have failed to improve. In this retrospective study, we aimed to assess surgical plans, effectiveness and safety of tailored surgery based on the mechanical balance principal in treating involutional entropion in the lower eyelid. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 47 patients (54 eyelids) diagnosed with involutional entropion in the lower eyelid and receiving tailored surgical treatment based on mechanical balance principle from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 was carried out. Tailored surgical plans were developed according to the mechanical balance analysis of vertical, horizontal and sagittal directions. Results: All 54 eyelids with involutional entropion in the lower eyelid underwent advancement of the lower eyelid retractor (LER) through the conjunctiva. For patients with mild horizontal eyelid laxity, only LER advancement was performed. For moderate and severe horizontal eyelid laxities, combined horizontal reinforcement procedures were performed, including lateral canthopexy, lateral tarsal strip (LTS) surgery and wedge resection. The orbicularis oculi muscle (OOM) tightening or transposition was performed for OOM overriding. The follow-up time was 1 to 4 years, and there were no cases experiencing recurrence. Thus, the rates of effectiveness and recurrence were 100% and 0%, respectively. Conclusions: This is the first descriptive study on the tailored surgical strategies designed according to the mechanism of mechanical imbalance involved in involutional entropion. Tailored surgery based on the mechanical balance principle is safe and effective with low recurrence.
Osteoarthritis, mobility-related comorbidities and mortality: an overview of meta-analyses
Authors: Constantino de Campos Gustavo , Mundi Raman , Whittington Craig , Toutounji Marie-Josée , Ngai Wilson , Sheehan Brendan 
Published: December 2020

Aims: The objective of this review was to examine the relationship between osteoarthritis (OA) and mobility-related comorbidities, specifically diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). It also investigated the relationship between OA and mortality. Methods: An overview of meta-analyses was conducted by performing two targeted searches from inception to June 2020. The association between OA and (i) DM or CVD ( via PubMed and Embase); and (ii) mortality ( via PubMed) was investigated. Meta-analyses were selected if they included studies that examined adults with OA at any site and reported associations between OA and DM, CVD, or mortality. Evidence was synthesized qualitatively. Results: Six meta-analyses met inclusion criteria. One meta-analysis of 20 studies demonstrated a statistically significant association between OA and DM, with pooled odds ratio of 1.41 (95% confidence interval: 1.21, 1.65; n = 1,040,175 patients). One meta-analysis of 15 studies demonstrated significantly increased risk of CVD among OA patients, with a pooled risk ratio of 1.24 (1.12, 1.37, n = 358,944 patients). Stratified by type of CVD, OA was shown to be associated with increased heart failure (HF) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) and reduced transient ischemic attack (TIA). There was no association reported for stroke or myocardial infarction (MI). Three meta-analyses did not find a significant association between OA (any site) and all-cause mortality. However, OA was found to be significantly associated with cardiovascular-related death across two meta-analyses. Conclusion: The identified meta-analyses reported significantly increased risk of both DM and CVD (particularly, HF and IHD) among OA patients. It was not possible to confirm consistent directional or causal relationships. OA was found to be associated with increased mortality, but mostly in relation to CVD-related mortality, suggesting that further study is warranted in this area.
Cooling Interventions Among Agricultural Workers: A Pilot Study
Authors: Chicas Roxana , Xiuhtecutli Nezahualcoyotl , Elon Lisa , Scammell Madeleine K. , Steenland Kyle , Hertzberg Vicki , McCauley Linda 
Published: December 2020

Background Adverse health effects among agricultural workers due to chronic heat exposure have been characterized in the literature as not only due to high ambient temperatures but also due to intensive manual labor in hot and humid conditions. The aim of this study was to use biomonitoring equipment to examine the effectiveness of selected cooling devices at preventing agricultural workers from exceeding the core body temperature threshold of 38.0°C (Tc38) and attenuating heat-related illness symptoms. Methods A convenience sample of 84 agricultural workers in Florida was randomized to one of four groups: (a) no intervention, clothing as usual; (b) cooling bandana; (c) cooling vest; and (d) both the cooling bandana and cooling vest. Biomonitoring equipment worn by the participants included core body temperature monitor and an accelerometer to capture physical activity. Findings A total of 78 agricultural workers completed one intervention workday trial. Compared with the control group, the bandana group had lower odds of exceeding Tc38 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.7, 90% confidence interval [CI] = [0.2, 3.2]) and the vest group had higher odds of exceeding Tc38 (OR = 1.8, 90% CI = [0.4, 7.9]). The simultaneous use of cooling vest and bandana showed an effect little different from the control group (OR = 1.3, 90% CI = [0.3, 5.6]). Conclusion/Application to Practice This is the first field-based study to examine cooling intervention among agricultural workers in the United States using biomonitoring equipment. This study found that using a bandana while working in a hot agricultural environment has the potential to be protective against exceeding the recommended Tc38 threshold.
Combined effect of facial sweating and mounting a night vision device on helmet stability
Authors: Kim Siyeon , Jeong Wonyoung 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA night vision device (NVD) equipped on a ballistic helmet violates the locational stability of a helmet, and sweating remaining inside a helmet can also reduce helmet stability. This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of sweating and mounting a NVD on helmet stability. Nine healthy males participated in the experiments which consisted of military simulated tasks and 20 min walking. Subjective evaluations containing helmet stability and comfort along with physiological measurements such as microclimate inside a helmet and sweating rate were obtained. Local sweat rate on the forehead was predicted by sweat rate on the upper back and forearm. The results showed that (1) mounting a NVD did not significantly influence on helmet stability per se before onset of sweating, however, (2) when it is combined with sweating, helmet stability reduced 50% during shooting in a prone position (P < 0.05). (3) There was a significant correlation with helmet overall comfort and helmet stability (r = 0.762, P < 0.05), and between helmet stability and helmet pressure (ρ = 0.701, P < 0.05). The present study demonstrated that mounting additional devices on the helmet violates helmet stability when accompanied by sweating, even when optimized fit provided and that just tightening bands cannot be an absolute solution. This study emphasized the importance of helmet stability as a variable for evaluating helmet comfort.