bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived instructional requirements of soft-skills trainers and hard-skills trainers
Authors: Wisshak Susanne , Hochholdinger Sabine 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This study aims to investigate whether soft-skills trainers and hard-skills trainers have different perspectives regarding their required instructional knowledge and skills.

Design/methodology/approach
An online questionnaire was completed by 129 soft-skills trainers and 61 hard-skills trainers. The authors used 14 items covering relevant instructional knowledge and skills based on the training literature.

Findings
An exploratory factor analysis identified the following two factors: managing interactions and instructional activities. A multivariate analysis of variance showed significant differences in the assessments of managing interactions (p = 0.00) and instructional activities (p = 0.01) between soft- and hard-skills trainers. The differences in managing interactions were larger than those in instructional activities. The soft-skills trainers showed higher agreement with all items. Most individual items had medium effect sizes. The differing perspectives of soft- and hard-skills trainers are not an effect of different educational backgrounds.

Research limitations/implications
These findings suggest that differences exist in the required instructional knowledge and skills depending on whether trainers teach soft or hard skills. Further research should consider the training content.

Practical implications
Practitioners can ensure that soft-skills trainers meet the respective requirements.

Originality/value
This study is the first to investigate the differences in soft- and hard-skills trainers’ perceptions of instructional requirements.
Competitive intelligence as a coping strategy for academic libraries in South Africa
Authors: Moyane Smangele P. , Dube Luyanda , Nkomo Ntando , Ngulube Patrick 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis study examined the extent to which public academic libraries in South Africa coped with the changing information environment by using competitive intelligence (CI) to attain competitiveness.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted positivism as the main philosophical lens and also incorporated qualitative elements to augment the quantitative data through a survey research design. Questionnaires were e-mailed to 25 directors of public academic libraries in South Africa and 17 were returned, yielding a 68% response rate. Attempts were made to reach to the 25 directors through semi-structured telephonic interviews, and only eight responded some through their representatives, yielding a 32% response rate. Using two instruments permitted the triangulation of data. A noted limitation of the study is that some library directors neither responded to the questionnaire nor the interview.FindingsFindings revealed that various competitive intelligence techniques were employed; however, their implementation was not formalised. Competitiveness was driven by various factors such as rivalries in the information value chain; relevance; financial and budgetary constraints; changing user expectations and evolving technology.Originality/valueThis study is novel because there is a dearth of literature on implementation and use of competitive intelligence in academic libraries in South Africa.
Model of surface roughness and material removal using abrasive flow machining of selective laser melted channels
Authors: Ferchow Julian , Baumgartner Harry , Klahn Christoph , Meboldt Mirko 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
Internal channels produced by selective laser melting (SLM) have rough surfaces that require post-processing. The purpose of this paper is to develop an empirical model for predicting the material removal and surface roughness (SR) of SLM-manufactured channels owing to abrasive flow machining (AFM).

Design/methodology/approach
A rheological model was developed to simulate the viscosity and power-law index of an AFM medium. To simulate the pressure distribution and velocity in the SLM channels, the fluid behavior and SR in the channels were simulated by using computational fluid dynamics. The results of this simulation were then applied to create an empirical model that can be used to predict the SR and material removal thickness. To verify this empirical model, it was applied to an actual part fabricated by SLM. The results were compared with the measurements of the SR and channel diameter subsequent to AFM.

Findings
The proposed model exhibits maximum deviation between the model and the measurement of −1.1% for the down-skin SR, −0.2% for the up-skin SR and −0.1% for material removal thickness.

Practical implications
The results of this study show that the proposed model can avoid expensive iterative tests to determine whether a given channel design leads to the desired SR after smoothing by AFM. Therefore, this model helps to design an AFM-ready channel geometry.

Originality/value
In this paper, a quantitatively validated AFM model was proposed for complex SLM channels with varying orientation angles.
Constructive approach to reduce the influence of temperature on spring suspension eigenfrequencies
Authors: Baranov Pavel , Nesterenko Tamara , Barbin Evgenii , Koleda Aleksei 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
One of the problems encountered by developers of inertial systems, such as gyroscopes and accelerometers, is the critical dependence of the eigenfrequencies of elastic suspensions (ES) on temperature when using substrates for sensors made of dielectric materials, such as borosilicate glass. The internal stresses arising in the ES caused by the difference in the temperature coefficients of linear expansion (TCLE) lead to deformation of the sensor and complication of the electronic part of the sensor. The purpose of this paper is to approach for in-plane and out-of-plane ES are considered that allow for minimization of the influence of internal stresses on eigenfrequencies.

Design/methodology/approach
Analytical, finite element and experimental results are considered. The temperature coefficient of thermal expansion, the Young’s modulus and the Poisson ratio are given as a function of temperature. The shape of the spring elements (SEs) and the construction of the elastic suspension are the main topics of focus in this study. The authors’ out-of-plane ES based on a meander-like spring element implemented via finite element modeling show good agreement with the experimental results.

Findings
Meander-like SEs have been developed that have lower temperature errors in comparison with traditional types of SEs. The main contribution to the change in the eigenfrequency from temperature is made by internal stresses that arose from the deformation of the bonded materials with different TCLE. The change of eigenfrequency from the temperatures that were calculated by finite element method did not exceed 0.15%, however, in practice, the scatter of the obtained characteristics for different samples showed a change of up to 0.3%.

Originality/value
This study shows a way to design and optimize the structure and theoretical background for the development of the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) inertial module combining the functions of gyroscope and accelerometer. The obtained results will improve and expand the manufacturing technology of MEMS gyroscopes and accelerometers.
Results of recording electrophysiological signals by nanosensors during tests on volunteers
Authors: Аvdeeva Diana K. , Guo Wenjia , Nguyen Dang Quang , Yuzhakov Mikhail M. , Ivanov Ivan L. , Turushev Nikita V. , Maksimov Ivan V. , Balakhonova Maria V. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the results of recording electrophysiological signals by nanosensors during tests on volunteers using neutral questions and questions that cause excitement.

Design/methodology/approach
The nanosensor-based hardware and software complex (HSC) was used for simultaneous recording of electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram and galvanic skin response during tests on volunteers using neutral questions and questions that cause excitement. The recording was carried out in real time without averaging and filtering in the extended frequency range from 0 to 10,000 Hz, level of more than 1 µV and sampling frequency equal to 64 kHz.

Findings
For the first time, the following signals were recorded by nanosensors without filtering and averaging in the measuring channels: real-time micropotentials on an electrocardiogram with a duration of 0.2 ms and a level of 1 µV or more. Also, for the first time, changes in the shape and amplitude of the P wave, slow waves on the electroencephalography (EEG), high impulse activity of the EEG and impulse activity of short duration on the GSR were recorded in response to questions that cause excitement.

Practical implications
The obtained results will be used for high-resolution equipment to develop additional measuring channels in existing types of equipment for psychophysiological studies.

Originality/value
For the first time, new data undistorted by filters was obtained on the amplitude and time parameters of electrophysiological signals in the frequency range from 0 to 10,000 Hz in response to questions that cause excitement, which was due to high sensitivity and noise immunity of nanosensors in comparison with existing electrodes for biopotential recording.
Association of traction force and adverse neonatal outcome in vacuum‐assisted vaginal delivery: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Pettersson Kristina A. , Westgren Magnus , Blennow Mats , Ajne Gunilla 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionTraction force is a possible risk factor for adverse neonatal outcome in vacuum extraction delivery, but the knowledge is scarce and further investigation is needed. Our hypothesis was that high‐level traction force increases the risk of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit.Material and methodsThe study was a hospital‐based prospective cohort study on low‐ and mid‐vacuum extractions at the labor and delivery ward, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden. Traction forces were measured in 331 women. An electronical handle was used to measure and register traction force. The main exposure variable was high‐level traction force (≥75th percentile) during the first three pulls and the primary outcome was admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. Logistic regression was used to estimate the adjusted risk.ResultsAmong the exposed, 14/84 (16.7%) were admitted to neonatal intensive care, and among the unexposed 10/247 (4%). The crude odds ratio (OR) of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit when exposed to high‐level traction force was 4.7, and the adjusted (birthweight, gestational length, cup detachment, number of pulls, duration, duration >15 minutes, mid‐cavity fetal head station, failed extraction, indication and parity) OR was 2.85 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09‐7.48). No significant effect was seen in Apgar scores <7 at 5 minutes or pH <7.1.ConclusionsHigh‐level traction force may be a risk factor for neonatal complications. Although these results do not mandate any alterations in clinical guidelines, perioperative feedback on traction force may be useful to alert the obstetrician to a timely conversion to cesarean section. To study plausible traction force specific outcomes such as head traumas, a larger sample size is required.
Initial cardiovascular treatment patterns during the first 90 days following an incident cardiovascular event
Authors: Ma Tian‐Tian , Wong Ian C.K. , Whittlesea Cate , Mackenzie Isla S. , Man Kenneth K.C. , Lau Wallis , Brauer Ruth , Wei Li 
Published: July 2020

AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the initial cardiovascular prescription patterns in patients after their first cardiovascular events, and to identify factors associated with cardiovascular polypharmacy.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study including patients aged ≥ 45 years with the first record of coronary heart disease (CHD) or stroke between 2007 and 2016 using The Health Improvement Network database. This study investigated the patterns of cardiovascular drugs prescribed during the first 90 days after the first cardiovascular events. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between patients' baseline characteristics and cardiovascular polypharmacy (≥5 cardiovascular drugs).ResultsA total of 121,600 (59,843 CHD and 61,757 stroke) patients were included in the study. The mean age was 69.5 ± 11.9 years. The proportion of patients who were prescribed 0–1, 2–3, 4–5 drugs and ≥6 drugs were 11.0%, 29.8%, 38.6% and 20.5%, respectively. Factors associated with cardiovascular polypharmacy were sex (female: OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.72–0.76 vs male), age (75–84 years old: OR 0.50, 0.47–0.53 vs 45–54 years old), smoking status (current smoking: OR 1.29, 1.15–1.24 vs never), body mass index (obesity: OR 1.38, 1.34–1.43 vs normal), deprivation status (most deprived: OR 1.09, 1.04–1.14 vs least deprived) and Charlson comorbidity index (index ≥5: OR 1.25, 1.16–1.35 vs index 0).ConclusionMultiple cardiovascular drugs treatment was common in patients with CVD in the UK. High‐risk factors of CVD were also associated with cardiovascular polypharmacy. Further studies are warranted to assess the impact of cardiovascular polypharmacy and its interaction on CVD recurrence and mortality.
What counts as happiness for young people: A qualitative study
Authors: Sutton Cordelia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLimited research exists on young people's own views on their happiness, with research dominated by adult‐led, quantitative well‐being studies. This article discusses a qualitative study on young people's happiness which draws on both Psychology and Childhood and Youth Studies. In all, 42 young people completed writings and a new method of ‘happiness maps’, together with discussion groups and interviews, which were analysed within a constructivist grounded theory approach. Happiness is revealed as wide‐ranging, complex, and individually variable. Family and friends were important, but these relationships were qualified and contingent in how they contributed to happiness. Importantly, discussions of happiness also incorporated unhappiness.
A report on a fisheries conflict management training workshop in Laos
Authors: Bond Jennifer , Loury Erin , Ounboundisane Sinsamout 
Published: July 2020

SummaryA conflict management training workshop was delivered in October 2019 in Vientiane, Laos, to fisheries practitioners. Discussions held during the workshop highlighted conflict as a key issue within community‐based fisheries management and the need for fisheries staff from various sectors, and the communities they work with, to have an understanding of conflict management concepts and related skills. Key themes of the discussions of fisheries conflict in Laos were related to property rights, lack of adherence of fishers to regulations, funding for local community activities and weak governance structures. The key learnings of the training workshop are that fisheries practitioners are dealing with social conflict in their work activities and need support in managing these conflicts, as for many fisheries professionals this work is outside their main area of expertise. There is a role for further research into fisheries conflict in Laos to provide context‐specific insight, but this must be accompanied by appropriate knowledge exchange to allow practitioners to make use of these insights for real‐world conflict management activities.
Experimental and numerical evaluations on the effects of adhesive fillet, overlap length and unbonded area in adhesive‐bonded joints
Authors: Wu Guanghan , Li Dayong , Lai Wei‐Jen , Chen Qiuren , Shi Yandong , Huang Li , Huang Shiyao , Kang Hongtae , Peng Yinghong , Su Xuming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo realize robust structural design, the effects of the adhesive fillet, overlap length and unbonded area in adhesive‐bonded joints need to be fully understood and incorporated into a fatigue life estimation method. In the present work, both static and fatigue experiments are performed on six types of adhesive‐bonded joints to illuminate these effects systematically. A straightforward total fatigue life evaluation method is proposed to address these effects. A statistical crack initiation model is established based on the fatigue data of bulk adhesive specimens. Growth life is calculated using the interfacial crack model and mixed mode crack growth method. Good correlation is observed between the calculated and experimental fatigue lives. Furthermore, the effects of the adhesive fillet, overlap length and unbonded area are analysed based on both calculated and experimental results. Results indicate that adhesive fillet postpones crack initiation by reducing local strain level, both overlap length and unbonded area change the growth life by length. Besides, overlap length promotes the fraction of mode II strain energy release rate in total, reducing crack growth rates and extending growth life.
Automated office blood pressure is in agreement with awake and mean 24‐hour ambulatory blood pressure at the lower blood pressure range
Authors: Andreadis Emmanuel A. , Geladari Charalampia V. , Angelopoulos Epameinondas T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAutomated office blood pressure measurement eliminates the white coat effect and is associated with awake ambulatory blood pressure. This study examined whether automated office blood pressure values at lower limits were comparable to those of awake and mean 24‐hour ambulatory blood pressure. A total of 552 patients were included in the study, involving 293 (53.1%) men and 259 (46.9%) women, with a mean age 55.0 ± 12.5, of whom 36% were treated for hypertension. Both systolic and diastolic automated office blood pressures exhibited lower values compared to awake ambulatory blood pressure among 254 individuals with systolic automated office blood pressure <130 mm Hg (119 ± 8 mm Hg vs 125 ± 11 mm Hg, P < .0001 and 75 ± 9 mm Hg vs 79 ± 9 mm Hg, P < .0001 for systolic and diastolic BPs, respectively). Furthermore, the comparison of systolic automated office blood pressure to the mean 24‐hour ambulatory blood pressure levels also showed lower values (119 ± 8 vs 121 ± 10, P = .007), whereas the diastolic automated office blood pressure measurements were similar to 24‐hour ambulatory blood pressure values. Our findings show that when automated office blood pressure readings express values <130/80 mm Hg in repeated office visits, further investigation should be performed only when masked hypertension is suspected; otherwise, higher automated office blood pressure values could be used for the diagnosis of uncontrolled hypertension, especially in individuals with organ damage.
Dyadic teams and nursing care: A critical incident study of nurses in the emergency medical service
Authors: Holmberg Mats , Nørgaard Jockum , Eriksson Mats , Svensson Anders 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAim and objectivesThe aim of the study was to describe Emergency Medical Services (EMS) nurses’ experiences of and coping with critical incidents, when providing nursing care as a member of a dyadic team.BackgroundNursing care in EMS is a complex task, taking into account the physical, psychological as well as existential dimensions of the patient's suffering. In this, EMS nurses are dependent on the dyadic team. Teams in EMS are described as essential for providing safe medical care. However, nursing care also comprises relationships with patients as a means of reducing patient suffering.DesignThe study has an inductive descriptive qualitative design, in adherence to the COREQ‐checklist.MethodsA critical incident technique was used. Thirty‐five EMS nurses were interviewed individually, with a focus on dyadic teams providing nursing care. The interviews were analysed with the aim of defining main areas, categories and sub‐categories.ResultsThe experiences of critical incidents emerged to form two main areas: “Functional co‐operation” and “Dysfunctional co‐operation,” comprising seven categories and sixteen sub‐categories. Their coping with critical incidents encompassed two main areas: “Adapting oneself” and “Adapting nursing care and the colleague,” comprising four categories and eight sub‐categories.ConclusionsReflection as part of the daily practice emerges as important for the development of nursing care both in relation to individual team members and also the dyadic team as a unit. In addition, the results highlight consensus within dyadic teams regarding the objectives of nursing care, as well as the importance of defined roles.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study underlines the importance of strengthening the dyadic EMS team's ability to co‐operate using common goals and knowledge within clinical nursing care. The individual team members’ different roles have to be explicit. In addition, clinical care has to be organised to generate preconditions for mutual performance monitoring through collegial feedback and reflection.
Meta‐analysis of angiotensin‐converting enzyme insersion/delection polymorphism and pre‐eclampsia susceptibility
Authors: Liu Yun , Li Ping 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimIn recent years, there were many studies on angiotensin‐converting enzyme insersion/delection (ACE I/D) polymorphism and pre‐eclampsia susceptibility, but the conclusion was still inconclusive. Our study is to explore the relationship between the ACE I/D polymorphism and the risk of pre‐eclampsia.MethodsThe literature on the relationship between ACE I/D gene polymorphism and Pre‐eclampsia susceptibility was obtained by searching the databases of Wanfang, VIP, Medline, CNKI, Embase, Pubmed and Springerlink, which was published from the establishment of the databases to October 2019. Taking the odds ratio (OR) value and its 95% confidence interval (CI) as the effect size, the Meta‐analysis was carried out by using stata 15.0 software.ResultsThirty articles, consisting of 3184 patients and 3912 controls, were included. The results showed that allele D was compared with allele I, with the OR value of 1.29 (95% CI: 1.12 ~ 1.50, P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that in Caucasians, allele D was associated with OR of 1.28 (95% CI: 1.08 ~ 1.53, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in Asians. There was statistical significance in recessive gene model and homozygous gene model, as well as in that of Asian and Caucasian. In homozygous model, there was statistical significance, but subgroup analysis showed there was no statistical significance in Asian and Caucasian. There was no statistical significance in dominant model and heterozygous model.ConclusionThe polymorphism of ACE I/D gene was associated with the risk of pre‐eclampsia. Allele D and genotype DD may increase the risk of Pre‐eclampsia in pregnant women.