bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical diagnosis in paediatric patients at urban primary health care facilities in southern Malawi: a longitudinal observational study
Authors: Gondwe Mtisunge Joshua , Henrion Marc YR , O’Byrne Thomasena , Masesa Clemens , Lufesi Norman , Dube Queen , Majamanda Maureen D , Makwero Martha , Lalloo David G , Desmond Nicola 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite health centres being the first point of contact of care, there are challenges faced in providing care to patients at this level. In Malawi, service provision barriers reported at this level included long waiting times, high numbers of patients and erratic consultation systems which lead to mis-diagnosis and delayed referrals. Proper case management at this level of care is critical to prevent severe disease and deaths in children. Objective: Adopting ETAT to improve ability to identify severe illness in children at primary health centre (PHC) level through comparison with secondary level diagnoses. Methods: We implemented ETAT mHealth algorithm at eight urban PHCs in Blantyre, Malawi between April 2017 and September 2018. Health workers and support staff were trained in mHealth ETAT. Stabilisation rooms were established and equipped with emergency equipment. All PHCs used an electronic tracking system to triage and track sick children on referral to secondary care, facilitated by a unique barcode. Support staff at PHC triaged sick children using ETAT Emergency (E), Priority (P) and Queue (Q) symptoms and clinician gave clinical diagnosis. The secondary level diagnosis was considered as a gold standard. We used statistical computing software R (v3.5.1) and used exact 95% binomial confidence intervals when estimating diagnosis agreement proportions.Results: Eight-five percentage of all cases where assigned to E (9.0%) and P (75.5%) groups. Pneumonia was the most common PHC level diagnosis across all three triage groups (E, P, Q). The PHC level diagnosis of trauma was the most commonly confirmed diagnosis at secondary level facility (85.0%), while a PHC diagnosis of pneumonia was least likely to be confirmed at secondary level (39.56%). The secondary level diagnosis least likely to have been identified at PHC level was bronchiolitis 3 (5.2%). The majority of bronchiolitis cases (n = 50; (86.2%) were classified as pneumonia at the PHC level facility.Conclusions Implementing a sustainable and consistent ETAT approach with stabilisation and treatment capacity at PHC level reinforce staff capacity to diagnose and has the potential to reduce other health system costs through fewer, timely and appropriate referrals.
Virulent secondary metabolites of entomopathogenic bacteria genera, Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus, inhibit phospholipase A2 to suppress host insect immunity
Authors: Mollah Md. Mahi Imam , Kim Yonggyun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus are entomopathogenic bacteria that cause septicemia and toxemia in insects. They produce secondary metabolites to induce host immunosuppression. Their metabolite compositions vary among bacterial species. Little is known about the relationship between metabolite compositions and the bacterial pathogenicity. The objective of this study was to compare pathogenicity and production of secondary metabolites of 14 bacterial isolates (species or strains) of Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus. Results: All bacterial isolates exhibited insecticidal activities after hemocoelic injection to Spodoptera exigua (a lepidopteran insect) larvae, with median lethal doses ranging from 168.8 to 641.3 CFU per larva. Bacterial infection also led to immunosuppression by inhibiting eicosanoid biosynthesis. Bacterial culture broth was fractionated into four different organic extracts. All four organic extracts of each bacterial species exhibited insecticidal activities and resulted in immunosuppression. These organic extracts were subjected to GC-MS analysis which predicted 182 compounds, showing differential compositions for 14 bacteria isolates. There were positive correlations between total number of secondary metabolites produced by each bacterial culture broth and its bacterial pathogenicity based on immunosuppression and insecticidal activity. From these correlation results, 70 virulent compounds were selected from secondary metabolites of high virulent bacterial isolates by deducting those of low virulent bacterial isolates. These selected virulent compounds exhibited significant immunosuppressive activities by inhibiting eicosanoid biosynthesis. They also exhibited relatively high insecticidal activities.Conclusion: Virulence variation between Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus is determined by their different compositions of secondary metabolites, of which PLA2 inhibitors play a crucial role.
CircTP63 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by sponging miR-155-5p and upregulating ZBTB18
Authors: Wang Jiantao , Che Jinbiao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of tumor-related death worldwide due to high morbidity and mortality, yet lacking effective biomarkers and therapies. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a group of non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression through interacting with miRNAs, implicating in the tumorigenesis and progression. A novel circRNA, circTP63, was reported to be an oncogene in HCC. However, its role in HCC remains unclear.Methods: qRT-PCR was used to assess the mRNA levels of CircTP63 in 90 pairs of tumor and adjacent normal tissues from HCC patients, one human normal hepatic epithelial cell line and HCC cell lines. CCK-8, colony formation, transwell, and flow cytometry assays were performed to detect the cellular function of circTP63/miR-155-5p/ZBTB18 in HCC cells. HCC xenograft mice models were established to assess the in vivo effect of circTP63. Bioinformatic analysis, RNA pull-down and luciferase assays were used to determine the interaction among circTP63/miR-155-5p/ZBTB18.Results: circTP63 was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. High circTP63 expression is closely associated with the tumor stages, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis of HCC patients. Functionally, knockdown of circTP63 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted cell apoptosis of HCC. Meanwhile, overexpression of circTP63 enhanced HCC progression. Mechanically, circTP63 was a sponge of miR-155-5p to facilitate the ZBTB18 expression, and the ZBTB18 expression in HCC tissues was negatively associated with the survival rate of HCC patients. Furthermore, rescued assays revealed that the reduced tumor-promoting effect on HCC cells induced by knockdown of circTP63 can be reversed by miR-155-5p inhibitor or ZBTB18 overexpression.Conclusion: Our data highlight a critical circTP63-miR-155-5p-ZBTB18 regulatory network involved in the HCC progression, gaining mechanistic insights into the function of circRNAs in HCC progression, and providing effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC treatment.
Mesenchymal stem cell–derived exosomal microRNA-34c-5p ameliorates renal pericyte activation by inhibiting core fucosylation
Authors: Xuemei Hu , Shen Nan , Liu Anqi , Wang Weidong , Zhang Lihua , Sui Zhigang , Tang Qingzhu , Du Xiangning , Yang Ning , Ying Wantao , Qin Biaojie , Li Zhitong , Li Lin , Wang Nan , Lin Hong-Li 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is an incurable pathological lesion in progressive chronic kidney diseases. Myofibroblast proliferation and microvascular damage are two important events in RIF, and pericytes are a major source of myofibroblasts in the kidney. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly characterized. We report that core fucosylation (CF), a post-translational modification of proteins, is essential for pericyte activation by regulating profibrotic and antifibrotic signaling pathways as a “hub-like” target. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes reside specifically in the obstructed kidney and deliver microRNA (miR)-34c-5p to inhibit CF, reducing pericyte activation and renal fibrosis. Furthermore, we clarify that the CD81–EGFR ligand–receptor complex aids the entry of exosomal miR-34c-5p into pericytes. Our results reveal a novel mechanism of pericyte activation based on CF and suggest a potential use of MSC exosomes as a new therapeutic strategy for RIF by inhibiting CF, the hub-like target of profibrotic signaling activation.
A gapless unambiguous RNA metagenome-assembled genome sequence of a unique SARS-CoV-2 variant encoding spike S813I and ORF1a A859V substitutions
Authors: Soliman May Sherif , AbdelFattah May , Aman Soad M. N. , Ibrahim Lamyaa M. , Aziz Ramy Karam 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing an unprecedented pandemic, threatening global health, daily life, and economy. Genomic surveillance continues to be a critical effort towards tracking the virus and containing its spread, and more genomes from diverse geographical areas and different time points are needed to provide an appropriate representation of the virus evolution. We here report the successful assembly of one single gapless, unambiguous contiguous sequence representing the complete viral genome from a nasopharyngeal swab of an infected healthcare worker in Cairo, Egypt. The sequence has all typical features of SARS-CoV-2 genomes, with no protein-disrupting mutations; however, three mutations are worth highlighting and future tracking: a synonymous mutation causing a rare spike S-813-I variation) and two less frequent ones leading to an A41V variation in NSP3, encoded by ORF1a (ORF1a A895V), and a Q677H variation in the spike protein. Both affected proteins, S and NSP3, are relevant to vaccine and drug development. While the genome, named CU_S3, belongs to the prevalent global genotype, marked by the D614G spike variation, the combined variations in the spike proteins and ORF1a have not been observed in any of the 197,000 genomes reported to date. Future studies will assess the biological, pathogenic, and epidemiologic implications of this set of genetic variations.
A atuação, no cenário da escola, limitada por práticas de gestão empresarial
Authors: Motta Henri De Leão , Araujo Jair Jonko 
Published: November 2020

Este artigo objetiva discutir a atuação de professoras de uma escola estadual rural de ensino médio do município de Pelotas/RS no processo de redesenho curricular da política do Ensino Politécnico. Ajustado ao paradigma qualitativo, fundamenta-sena teoria da atuação de Stephen Ball, a produção de dados decorreu do exame documental de e-mails da escola relacionados à construção desta política e do debate, em um grupo focal, com cinco professores, cujo processo de análise foi organizado a partir da análise textual discursiva. Conclui-se que a política estimulou práticas de gestão empresarial da escola, imbricadas na burocratização e no controle das vozes internas.
Rectal Cancer in Patients Younger than 40: Tumor Characteristics and Comparative Survival Based on a Single Institution
Authors: Hilal Lara , Hakim Ayman , El-Chediak Alissar , Temraz Sally , Mukherji Deborah , El-Husseini Ziad , Shamseddine Ali 
Published: November 2020

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine tumor characteristics and outcomes of patients
with rectal cancer <40 years old compared to those above that age at a single institution in
Lebanon.

Background:
The incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing in younger adults with limited data from the Middle East.

Objective:
Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with rectal cancer over 15 years. Data were collected
regarding demographics, stage, pathology, treatment, and outcomes. Patients were stratified by age with 40 years as the
cut-off. Descriptive statistics were conducted.

Results:
Data for 105 cases were reviewed, 18 patients were aged under 40 years old and 87 patients
were above 40 years old. Younger patients had more poorly differentiated tumors than older
patients and were more likely to have tumors with signet-ring features. 5-year DFS was 35% and
51.5% for patients below and above 40 years old, respectively (P=0.04). OS was similar in the two
age groups, with a median follow-up of 36 months.

Conclusion:
Further prospective studies with a larger sample size and molecular markers are needed to better understand
the characteristics of rectal cancer in the young age group. With worse DFS in our study and emerging evidence of a
correlation between younger age at diagnosis and poor outcomes, consideration should be given to more personalized
upfront intensification of treatment in the young.
In-silicoPrediction of the Beta-carboline Alkaloids Harmine and Harmaline as Potent Drug Candidates for the Treatment of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Banerjee Rumpa , Kumar Mukesh , Gaurav Isha , Thakur Sudha , Thakur Abhimanyu , Singh Kunal , Karak Sanchari , Das Rajeswar , Chhabra Mohit 
Published: November 2020

Background:Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease manifested by core symptoms of loss of motor control and postural instability. Loss of dopaminergic neurons is the cause of PD, thus enhancing dopamine level by pharmacological treatment is one of the key treatment strategies for PD. However, the limitations of current treatment strategies open the possibility of novel drug candidates for the treatment of PD.Objective:To investigate the anti-PD potential of Harmine and Harmaline. We aim to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Harmine and Harmaline by in-silico approaches; molecular docking, pharmacokinetic and Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) analysis were used for evaluating the therapeutic potential of Harmine and Harmaline and standard drug levodopa (L-DOPA).Methods:Auto dock vina was used for molecular docking of all three compounds against D2- and D3- dopamine receptors. The pharmacokinetics (PKs) and toxicity profile were predicted by pkCSM, and the pharmacological activity was predicted by PASS analysis.Results:Molecular docking showed a higher binding affinity of Harmine and Harmaline as compared to L-DOPA, and these results were supported by in-silico pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiling. Moreover, PASS analysis showed anti-PD activity of Harmine and Harmaline.Conclusion:Harmine and Harmaline exhibit higher binding affinity towards D2- and D3- dopamine receptors compared to L-DOPA, and PKs and toxicity profile support their potential as drug candidates for PD therapy.
Relationship Among Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Anthropometric and Metabolic Parameters in Subjects with Obesity
Authors: Lampignano Luisa , Zupo Roberta , Donghia Rossella , Guerra Vito , Castellana Fabio , Murro Isanna , Di Noia Carmen , Sardone Rodolfo , Giannelli Gianluigi , Triggiani Vincenzo , De Pergola Giovanni 
Published: November 2020

Background:
There is moderate-to-high evidence that the Mediterranean diet prevents
increases in body weight and waist circumference in non-obese individuals, but less is known
about its effects in overweight and obese subjects. The present study was focused on exploring the
cross-sectional association among the adherence to a Mediterranean diet and the most commonly
used variables of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in a cohort of overweight subjects from
a typical Mediterranean region, Apulia, in Southern Italy.

Methods:
The study was performed in a cohort of 1214 individuals, all overweight or obese but
with no other clinical condition. We investigated the association with adherence to a Mediterranean
diet, assessed using the PREDIMED score, and anthropometric parameters [namely body mass index
(BMI), WC, waist to height ratio (WHtR) and neck circumference (NC)], fasting serum levels
of glucose, insulin, uric acid and lipids (triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL
cholesterol), and blood pressure and insulin resistance, measured by HOMA-IR.

Results:
The waist to height ratio was negatively associated with a PREDIMED score ≥7 (p<0.04),
whereas HDL cholesterol was positively associated with a PREDIMED score ≥7 (p<0.04).

Conclusion:
This study suggests that body fat distribution and HDL-cholesterol are the parameters
most strongly influenced by MedDiet in Apulian subjects.
COVID-19 Associated Stress Among Dental Students
Authors: Lingawi Hanadi S. , Afifi Ibtesam K. 
Published: November 2020

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the global population to a high risk of infection that constitutes a major stress factor, especially for vulnerable groups such as dental students.

Objective:
To assess levels of COVID-19 related stress and anxiety, changes in hygienic and social habits, as well as subjective worries regarding the dental profession among dental students.

Methods:
A self-structured questionnaire was sent to students at the College of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University. It included demographic data, questions about the level of change in personal hygiene and social habits, students’ perception about the sufficiency of information received during the outbreak and its source, subjective worries regarding the dental profession, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale. Two hundred fifty-eight responses were received.

Results:
Moderate and severe anxiety were reported in 17% and 4% of students, respectively, with non-significant associations between anxiety and gender or level of study. A high percentage of students (46.5% to 62.4%) reported great change in most hygienic and social habits with a highly significant association between change in buying more sanitizers and anxiety levels. Forty-six percent agreed that their job performance was not at its best, and 31% reported a possible intention to change profession, with the latter reported more by male students (63.8%).

Conclusion:
A considerable percentage of dental students in our college are anxious and changed their hygienic and social habits due to COVID-19. This anxiety reflects worries about the dental profession in one-third of participants that necessitate counselling services and psychological support.
The Effect of an Educational Intervention Performed by Volunteers on Knowledge, Attitude and Modification of Dietary Habits among Women
Authors: Davarani Esmat Rezabeigi , Mohseni Mohabbat , Khanjani Narges , Yazdanpanah Farahnaz , Daneshi Salman , Hushmandi Kiavash , Raei Mehdi 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Unhealthy eating habits are an important cause of Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs). One of the most effective methods to prevent these diseases is the use of health education interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of educational intervention performed by Women Health Volunteers (WHV) on knowledge, attitude, and modification of dietary habits among women in Kerman.

Methods:
This research was a quasi-experimental study performed on 400 women in Kerman. Participants were selected using multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected immediately before and 6 weeks after the intervention by a questionnaire, including demographic information and questions related to knowledge, attitude, and dietary habits. Data were analyzed using Pearson and Spearman correlation, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon-test in SPSS 24.

Results:
The average age of women was 41.91±12.87 years. Before the intervention, a positive and significant correlation was observed between knowledge and dietary habit (r=0.249) (p<0.001), knowledge and attitude (r=0.249) (p<0.001), and attitude and dietary habits (r=0.264) (P<0.0001). After the intervention, the mean scores of knowledge (p<0.001), attitude (p=0.017) and dietary habits (p<0.001) significantly increased.

Conclusion:
Education provided by WHV was effective in promoting knowledge, and attitude, and in modifying the dietary habits of women. Therefore, the use of local human resources can help improve public health.
Potential of Betanin Natural Dye for Solar Cells Application
Authors: Hamadi Naoufel Ben 
Published: November 2020

Background:
A photovoltaic cell, or solar cell, is an electronic component which, exposed
to light, produces electricity due to the photovoltaic effect. Organic photovoltaic cells are
photovoltaic cells, of which at least the active layer consists of organic molecules. It has a yield of
at least 15%. The future prospects of the research for solar cell application have been required for
development in the field.

Objectives:
In this work, we propose this paper to study the potential of purified betanin dye on the
DSSC applications.

Methods:
Extraction was elaborated under sonication conditions (25 kHz, 100 W) for 15 minutes.
Various films of TiO2 with different thicknesses were prepared referring to the doctor blade
method on an FTO glass substrate.

Results:
The increase of the thickness value of dye_TiO2 films induces a hyperchromic shift of the
emission intensity.

Conclusion:
In this work, betanin dye was extracted from mature red fruits of Opuntia ficus indica
and purified with fractional crystallization protocol using an 8:2 (v/v) ratio of ethyl acetate/ethanol.
TiO2_films with different thickness values have been prepared by CV and US sensitization of
TiO2_films using betanin dye proving an enhancement on the uniformity distribution of the dye on
the film in case of the US method. Emission spectra of Dye_TiO2 films have been measured and
show a hyperchromic shift of the emission intensity with the increase of the thickness due to the
augmentation of betanin content. A comparison between the photovoltaic properties of prepared betanin_
DSSC and N719 dye_DSSC reveals that betanin dye could be successfully proposed as a sensitizing
dye in solar cell applications.
Construction of Phylogenetic Tree of Coat Protein Gene Encoded by Begomoviruses to Detect Yellow Mosaic Viruses Infecting Soybean in Satna
Authors: Pandey Jyoti , Garg Rajesh , Waoo Ashwini A. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction:
Soybean is an essential legume crop that has grown mainly in Madhya
Pradesh. It supplies over 25% of the vegetable oil requirement of the country and a substantial
quantum of protein-rich by-product for animal feed requirements. Viral diseases caused by Begomoviruses,
it is transmitted by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci), responsible for yield reduction and economic
losses in soybean production in Madhya Pradesh.

Objective:
The research aimed to detect Begomovirus such as Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India
Virus (MYMIV) in soybean around District Satna, Madhya Pradesh, India, and construct a phylogenetic
tree to study the evolutionary relationship.

Methods:
The disease percentage caused by Begomovirus present in soybean plants was analyzed
using yellowing symptomatic samples in soybean in production areas. DNA isolation was performed
from the collected symptomatic samples showing yellowing by using the CTAB method.
The detection of Begomovirus MYMIV was carried out, encoded by coat protein (CP) genes by using
specific primer-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Evolutionary relationship studies have
been carried out further by constructing a phylogenetic tree with the help of bioinformatics tools.

Results:
Results indicated that the incidence of disease ranged from 68.4-94.8%. An amplified
PCR product with ~510 bp region of coat protein was amplified from infected samples of soybean.
The nucleotide sequences of viral cp shared maximum nucleotide identity (94-99%) with previously
identified Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus strains. The analyzed samples were formed with
separate clusters with Begomoviruses, MYMIV. Infecting legumes indicated that virus related to
the yellow mosaic disease has a close association with MYMIV.

Conclusion:
: All such studies will help support disease observation and control the whitefly Begomovirus
in soybean which is an economically important crop by the implementation of management
programs.