bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined use of circulating tumor cells and salivary mRNA to detect non–small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Gu Xianwen , He Junfeng , Ji Guanglei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Liquid biopsy is an emerging technique for noninvasive detection of various cancers. Majority of liquid biopsy tests still, however, use solitary type of biomarkers with unsatisfactory sensitivity and specificity. To this end, a combined approach of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and salivary mRNA biomarkers was evaluated for discriminating non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from healthy controls.
Our study included a discovery phase to find multiple biomarkers, and an independent validation phase to confirm the applicability of the selected biomarkers. In the discovery phase, CTC level in blood and 5 mRNA biomarkers in saliva (i.e., CCNI, Epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR], FGF19, FRS2, and GREB1) were measured for 140 NSCLC patients and 140 healthy controls, followed by developing a predictive model. Next, this panel of biomarkers was applied to another patient cohort consisted of 60 patients with NSCLC and 60 healthy controls in the validation phase.
We found that our novel biomarker panel could differentiate patients with NSCLC from healthy controls with high sensitivity (92.1%) and high specificity (92.9%) in the discovery phase. In the validation phase, we achieved sensitivity of 88.3% and specificity of 90.0%.
To our best knowledge, it is the first time that a combined use of CTC and salivary mRNA biomarkers were applied for noninvasive detection of NSCLC.
Efficacy and safety of ucha-shinki-hwan on korean patients with cold hypersensitivity in the hands and feet
Authors: Ko Youme , Sun Seung-Ho , Go Ho-Yeon , Lee Jin-Moo , Jang Jun-Bok , Sung Hyun-Kyung , Jang Bo-Hyoung , Jeon Chan-Yong , Ko Seong-Gyu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background:
Cold hypersensitivity in the hands and feet (CHHF) is a common complaint in Asian female population especially in Korea. Due to the symptoms of CHHF the quality of individual's daily life can be degraded. Ucha-Shinki-Hwan (UCHA) is widely used in the treatment of various diseases including CHHF by harmonizing Yin and Yang, and improving the vitality of whole body. However, the efficacy of UCHA as a treatment option of CHHF has not been assessed in trials. Thus, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of UCHA in Korean women with CHHF through this trial.

Methods:
This study will be an exploratory, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter trial. Korean women aged 19 to 59 years who complaint with CHHF will be enrolled from 5 university affiliated Korean medicine hospitals. A total of 164 subjects will be randomly assigned to a treatment group (UCHA) or a placebo group at a 1:1 ratio. The subjects will receive 2.5 g of either UCHA or placebo three times a day for 8 weeks. The primary outcome will be evaluated with the visual analog scale score of CHHF. The secondary outcome measures will be changes in skin temperature in extremities as measured by using a thermometer and the Korean version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Abbreviated Version.

Discussion:
This study will be the first trial to explore the efficacy and safety of UCHA for CHHF patient. This will provide meaningful clinical information on herbal medicine treatment of CHHF and a clinical evidence for planning a full randomized clinical trial.

Disclosures and acknowledgments:
The authors report no competing interests.

Trial registration:
This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03790033. Registered on (31 December 2018)

Protocol version:
The final approved version of the trial protocol is V1.3. (25 January 2019)
Comparison of endoscopic naso-gallbladder drainage and percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage in acute suppurative cholecystitis
Authors: Mu Peilei , Yue Ping , Li Tianya , Bai Bing , Lin Yanyan , Zhang Jinduo , Wang Haiping , Liu Ying , Yao Jia , Meng Wenbo , Li Xun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Transitional drainage, which is followed by cholecystectomy plays a key role in the management of acute cholecystitis, especially in high-risk surgical patients. Endoscopic naso-gallbladder drainage (ENGBD) is an alternative to percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) for patients who need temporary drainage. There is a lack of prospective comparison on the relevant outcomes of the two drainage methods during the period of drainage, especially the subsequent cholecystectomy.

Methods:
This is a randomized controlled two-arm non-blind single center trial. Patients with acute cholecystitis undergo emergent or early cholecystectomy and need drainage will be randomly assigned to group PTGBD or ENGBD. Pain score is defined as the primary endpoint, whereas several secondary endpoints, such as the rates of technical success, clinical remission, open conversion of cholecystectomy will be determined to elucidate more detailed differences between two groups. The general feasibility, safety, and quality checks required for high-quality evidence will be adhered to.

Discussion:
This study would provide the first type A evidence concerning the comparison of ENGBD versus PTGBD in surgically high-risk patients with acute cholecystitis, it will be the first trial designed to determine the impact of two drainage methods on not only peri-drainage but also peri-LC.

Trial registration:
NCT03701464. Registered on October 10, 2018.
Therapeutic efficacy of shenmai injection as an adjuvant treatment in dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Gao Kai , Song Yan-Ping , Song Anna , Chen Hao , Zhao Lin-Tao , Zhang Hai-Wang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background:
Shenmai injection (SMI) is a Traditional Chinese Medicine patent prescription consisting of extractions from ophiopogonis radix and ginseng radix rubra. Clinical studies showed that SMI combined with conventional medicine treatment (CMT) can enhance the therapeutic efficacy for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, there is still a lack of comprehensive and systematic evidence, which urgently requires us to verify its therapeutic efficacy. Hence, we provide a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:
The systematic search on the MEDLINE/PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, VIP database, the Cochrane Library, Embase and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) in Chinese and English language with dates ranging from the earliest record to August 8, 2019. Next, the quality of each trial was assessed according to the criteria of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Then, the outcome data were recorded and pooled by RevMan 5.3 software.

Results:
The systematic review and meta-analysis aims to review and pool current clinical outcomes of SMI for the adjuvant treatment of DCM.

Conclusion:
This study will provide a high-quality evidence of SMI for the adjuvant treatment on DCM patients.

PROSPERO Registration Number:
CRD42019146369.
A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of the addition of lubiprostone to bowel preparation before colonoscopy
Authors: Li Peng , He Xue-Qian , Dong Jie , Du Jing 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Aim:
Adequate bowel preparation is essential to the quality of colonoscopy. We performed a meta-analysis to determine the efficacy and safety of the addition of lubiprostone to the bowel preparation process prior to colonoscopy.

Methods:
Online databases, namely, PubMed, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library, were searched for randomized controlled trials that assessed the additive effect of lubiprostone on the quality of colon preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy. Each included study was evaluated by the Jadad score to assess the quality of the study. The primary outcome was bowel preparation efficacy, defined as the proportion of patients with an excellent or poor preparation. The secondary outcomes included the length of the colonoscopy, polyp detection, and any adverse effects.

Results:
In total, 5 articles published between 2008 and 2016 fulfilled the selection criteria. The addition of lubiprostone to the bowel cleansing process significantly increased the proportion of patients with an excellent preparation (risk ratio [RR] = 1.68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.40–2.02, P < .00001) but did not decrease the procedural time or increase the polyp detection rate (mean difference = -0.52, 95% CI: -3.74–2.69, P = .75; RR = 1.16, 95% CI: 0.96–1.42, P = .13, respectively). There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients with any adverse events.

Conclusion:
The addition of lubiprostone to the bowel preparation regimen prior to colonoscopy is effective and safe.
A Bayesian classification model for discriminating common infectious diseases in Zhejiang province, China
Authors: Li Fudong , Shen Yi , Lv Duo , Lin Junfen , Liu Biyao , He Fan , Wang Zhen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
To develop a classification model for accurately discriminating common infectious diseases in Zhejiang province, China.
Symptoms and signs, abnormal lab test results, epidemiological features, as well as the incidence rates were treated as predictors, and were collected from the published literature and a national surveillance system of infectious disease. A classification model was established using naïve Bayesian classifier. Dataset from historical outbreaks was applied for model validation, while sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and M-index were presented.
A total of 146 predictors were included in the classification model, for discriminating 25 common infectious diseases. The sensitivity ranged from 44.44% for hepatitis E to 96.67% for measles. The specificity varied from 96.36% for dengue fever to 100% for 5 diseases. The median of total accuracy was 97.41% (range: 93.85%–99.04%). The AUCs exceeded 0.98 in 11 of 12 diseases, except in dengue fever (0.613). The M-index was 0.960 (95%CI 0.941–0.978).
A novel classification model was constructed based on Bayesian approach to discriminate common infectious diseases in Zhejiang province, China. After entering symptoms and signs, abnormal lab test results, epidemiological features and city of disease origin, an output list of possible diseases ranked according to the calculated probabilities can be provided. The discrimination performance was reasonably good, making it useful in epidemiological applications.
Pituitary adenoma secondary to primary hypothyroidism
Authors: Du Jianyang , Ji Hang , Jin Jiaqi , Gao Shuai , Yan Xiuwei , Hu Shaoshan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Primary hypothyroidism is characterized by loss of thyroxine feedback inhibition and overproduction of thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which might result in reactive pituitary hyperplasia. However, pituitary adenoma secondary to primary hypothyroidism is extremely rare and usually underdiagnosed, and the pathogenic mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we reported two cases with pituitary adenoma secondary to primary hypothyroidism.

Patient concerns:
Case 1: A 35-year-old man presented to the local clinic with a 2-year history of fatigue, puffiness in the bilateral lower extremities and facial region, and coarseness of facial features. Additionally, his relatives also supplemented that he suffered from hypomnesis and hypophrenia.
Case 2: A 56-year-old, postmenopausal woman presented to the local clinic with fatigue, dry skin, and sluggishness.

Diagnoses:
The pathological diagnosis of two patients was plurihormonal pituitary adenoma.

Interventions:
A microscopical tumorectomy was performed when the two patients were admitted to our hospital. Thyroid hormone replacement therapy (thyroxine 50 μg/day) was prescribed after microsurgery.

Outcomes:
After 32 months (Case 1) or 43 months (Case 2) follow-up respectively, there was no recurrence, and the symptoms were completely relieved.

Lessons:
Pituitary hyperplasia caused by primary hypothyroidism responds well to thyroid hormone replacement therapy. It is worth noting that repeated detection of serum T3, T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) should be performed 3 months after replacement therapy. If the results showed that TSH level decreased partly, while thyroid function did not improve significantly, long-term increased secretion of pituitary TSH adenoma should be considered. And microsurgical resection via a transsphenoidal approach could be ordered. If the optic nerve or optic chiasm were pressed by the adenoma, microsurgery should be performed to relieve the pressure immediately. And then, thyroxine tablet substitute therapy should be performed after surgery.
The comparative efficacy of supervised- versus home-based exercise programs in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Liang Hui , Xu Lingli , Tian Xu , Wang Shuya , Liu Xiaoling , Dai Yi , Kang Li , Chen Lisai , Jin Lifen , Li Qin , Chen Weiqing 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objectives:
The aim of this meta-analysis is to investigate the comparative efficacy between supervised- and home-based programs in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Method:
A systematic search in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library was electronically performed by 2 independent investigators in order to capture all potential studies comparing supervised- with home-based in patients with AS from inception to April 2018. After extracted essential information, apprised risk of bias, statistical analysis was performed with Review Manager (RevMan) software (version 5.3.0). The protocol was registered at PROSPERO platform with an identifier of CRD42018097046.

Results:
A total of 7 studies comprising 271 patients were included finally. Meta-analyses showed that, compared to home-based program, supervised-based program was associated with reduced bath ankylosing spondylitis metrology index (BASMI) scores (mean difference [MD], -0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.73, -0.17), bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI) scores (MD, -0.48; 95% CI, -0.88, -0.08), and bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index (BASFI) scores (MD, -0.78; 95% CI, -1.19, -0.37). However, depression scores (standard mean difference, -0.22; 95% CI, -0.58, 0.14) between the 2 groups showed no significant defference.

Conclusions:
Both supervised- and home-based programs can benefit to reduce BASMI, BASDAI, and BASFI scores in AS patients. However, short-term, supervised exercise program may be more effective than home-based exercises at decreasing disease activity with AS.
Circulating myokine levels in different stages of glucose intolerance
Authors: Park Kahui , Ahn Chul Woo , Park Jong Suk , Kim YuSik , Nam Ji Sun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is the fastest growing metabolic disease in the world. Recently, muscle is considered an endocrine organ which secretes various peptides that play an important role in insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. We assessed 4 different myokines, irisin, interleukin-13 (IL-13), follistatin-related protein-1 (FSTL-1), and fractalkine, in normal, prediabetes, and diabetes patients.
A total of 126 participants who visited Gangnam Severance Hospital were enrolled and divided into normal, prediabetes, and diabetes groups based on oral glucose tolerance test and hemoglobin a1c. A cross-sectional study was conducted to measure and compare serum levels of irisin, IL-13, FSTL-1, and fractalkine among the groups.
Irisin level showed a tendency to increase in prediabetes group compared to normal group (P < .1) but showed a significant decrease when comparing diabetes from prediabetes group (P < .001). IL-13 decreased in diabetes group compared to prediabetes and normal group (P < .001, P < .05, respectively). FSTL-1 of diabetes group was lower than that of prediabetes group (P < .05), and fractalkine was higher in diabetes group compared to that of prediabetes and normal group (P < .01, P < .01, respectively).
Irisin, IL-13, and FSTL-1 levels were reduced in diabetes group compared to normal or prediabetes group while fractalkine showed a progressive increase from normal to diabetes group. Further studies are warranted to study the roles of various myokine in diabetes through a larger prospective study.
Evaluation of the gestational diabetes mellitus diagnostic criteria recommended by the international association of diabetes and pregnancy study group for long-term maternal postpartum outcomes in mainland China
Authors: Miao Zhi-Rong , Wu Hong-Hua , Zhang Yang-Zi , Sun Wei-Jie , Lu Di-Fei , Yang Hui-Xia , Zhang Jun-Qing , Guo Xiao-Hui 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnostic criteria recommended by the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) were established based on the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study and have been the most commonly used criteria for determining GDM worldwide. Although individuals from mainland China were not included in the HAPO study, the IADPSG criteria have been used in China since 2011. However, the appropriateness of the criteria for evaluating maternal postpartum outcomes in mainland China are unknown. We conducted this study to determine whether the IADPSG criteria are appropriate for Chinese patients for evaluating long-term maternal postpartum outcomes.
Eighty-four patients who were diagnosed with hyperglycemia during pregnancy and had delivery in Peking University First Hospital from February 2007 to December 2009 were enrolled in the study. For patients in Group A, GDM was diagnosed using both the National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) and the IADPSG criteria, while patients in Group B, gestational impaired glucose tolerance (GIGT) was diagnosed using the NDDG criteria while GDM was diagnosed based on the IADPSG criteria. Anthropometric data, glucose metabolism, lipid profiles, β cell function, and insulin resistance index were evaluated and compared to baseline after 5- to 6-year postpartum period.
Patients in group A had significantly higher oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) fasting, 2-hour and 3-hour plasma glucose levels compared to patients in group B at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation (P < .05). No significant differences were observed between the groups for anthropometric data, postpartum abnormal glucose metabolism (50.91% vs 44.83%, P = .596), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (16.36% vs 3.45%, P = .167), lipid profiles, β cell function (homeostasis model assessment β-cell function index (HOMA-β) 1.04 vs 0.99, P = .935) and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) 2.01 vs 1.69, P = .583).
Patients diagnosed with GDM using either the NDDG or IADPSG criteria had abnormal glucose levels and lipid metabolism after delivery. Patients with mild hyperglycemia had similar postpartum β-cell functional impairment and insulin resistance to those with moderate hyperglycemia during pregnancy. Hence, with respect to maternal long-term postpartum outcomes, the IADPSG diagnostic criteria for GDM could be appropriate for patients in mainland China.
Burnout level and job satisfaction in Chinese pediatrics residents
Authors: Ji Li , Xiaowei Zhang , Ling Kuang , Yao Fu , Qingkun Song , Jun Zhao 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
To study the prevalence of burnout and job satisfaction in Chinese pediatrics residents.
Prospective participants were invited via a WeChat group to participate from October 1, 2018 to January 31, 2019. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey was used to measure physician burnout, and the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire was used to measure job satisfaction.
A total of 380 residents (81.1% response rate) from 35 pediatric residency programs completed the cross-sectional web-based survey. Of the responders, 233 (61.3%) exhibited high levels of career burnout. Residents 24 to 29 years of age were less likely to report burnout than residents ≥30 years of age (50.9% vs74.7%; P < .05). In addition, residents with an annual income less than 80,000 RMB seem to have higher burnout levels (66.2%). Residents who reported that they felt sleep deprived had significantly higher rates of burnout than those who did not (P < .01). Logistic regression showed that age ≥30 years (odds ratio [OR] 3.74 [1.57–7.66], P < .01) and sleep deprivation (OR 4.11 [2.19–7.35], P < .01) were the 2 independent risk factors associated with burnout.
Burnout is highly prevalent among Chinese pediatrics residents who also reported poor job satisfaction.
Efficacy and safety of TCM Yangxin Anshen Therapy for insomnia
Authors: Li Feizhou , Xu Bo , Shi Heyuan , Zhang Tong , Song Ziyu , Chen Yanhua , Liu Ling , Wang Ping 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background:
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has gradually drawn the attention of clinicians as an alternative choice for insomniacs and TCM Yangxin Anshen Therapy (TYAT) is a crucial therapy of treating insomniacs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TYAT for insomnia.

Methods:
Seven electronic databases were searched from inception to July 2019. Two authors independently identified Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), extracted data and assessed risk of bias by Cochrane risk bias assessment tool. Comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted with the Review Manager for eligible and appropriate studies.

Results:
Fourteen trials (1549 participants) were finally included in this study. The included studies were of moderate-to-high quality. Twelve trials reported the specific methods of random sequence generation, and 4 of them used the allocation concealment. Blinding of participants and personnel were used in 7 studies, and blinding of outcome assessment was performed in 3 studies. The main meta-analysis showed:

Conclusion:
TYAT is an effective alternative therapy for insomnia, and its clinical application appears safe. The conclusions of this paper have a certain reference value for further research and clinical practice.

Trial registration number:
PROSPERO CRD 42019135115.