bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Loneliness Is a Destroyer of Humanity”
Authors: Fettig Amy , Fathi David C. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter explores how civil society advocacy campaigns working to reform and abolish solitary confinement are interacting with recent and ongoing federal litigation. The authors posit that the evolution of policy, practice, litigation, and public knowledge regarding solitary confinement is pushing the law forward. Momentum for greater legal protections is growing in the courts and the combination of people power and jurisprudential development is leading to substantial new protections for prisoners, including the exclusion of vulnerable populations, such as youth, people with mental illness, and pregnant women, from solitary confinement. Additionally, courts are increasingly questioning the extreme duration of solitary confinement in the United States and the reasons used to justify it, such as automatic solitary confinement of people sentenced to death. At the same time, state departments of corrections are settling class action lawsuits brought on behalf of prisoners in solitary confinement by agreeing to major policy innovations and alternatives to the use of segregation.
Syntactic correspondences
Authors: Dalrymple Mary , Lowe John J. , Mycock Louise 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLFG hypothesizes that constituent structure (c-structure) and functional structure (f-structure) are mutually constraining structures and that the relation between these structures is governed by constraints associated with words and phrasal configurations. This chapter explores universally valid generalizations regarding the correlation between phrasal positions and grammatical functions. Section 4.1 discusses the formal representation of the relation between c-structure and f-structure. Section 4.2 explores the relation between c-structure and f-structure: how c-structure phrases and their heads relate to f-structure, and the c-structure/f-structure realization of arguments and modifiers. Next, the chapter examines apparent mismatches between units at c-structure and those at f-structure; Section 4.3 shows that these cases have a natural explanation within LFG. Section 4.4 discusses the Lexical Integrity Principle, the concept of wordhood and the possibly complex contribution of words to functional structure, and Section 4.5 discusses the principle of Economy of Expression.
Describing syntactic structures
Authors: Dalrymple Mary , Lowe John J. , Mycock Louise 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis chapter focuses on how to formulate descriptions of and constraints on c-structure, f-structure, and the relation between them. We show how these constraints, which are a part of the formal architecture of LFG theory, are important in the statement of universal typological generalizations about linguistic structure. A formal linguistic theory such as LFG must provide efficient and transparent ways of stating linguistic facts and generalizations clearly and precisely, in a way that is conducive to a solid understanding of the linguistic structures that are described and how they are related. Section 5.1 focuses on constituent structure rules, Section 5.2 on functional constraints, and Section 5.3 on the correspondence between c-structure and f-structure. The kind of variability that LFG predicts is illustrated in Section 5.4 by examining simple structures in four typologically different languages.
The interface to morphology
Authors: Dalrymple Mary , Lowe John J. , Mycock Louise 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis chapter examines the place of morphology in the LFG architecture. The chapter assumes a modular view of the morphological component, in line with the overall modular architecture of LFG: the morphological component has its own internal structure and obeys universal and language particular constraints on word formation that need not be shared by other levels of structure. According to this model, the morphological component associates a word form with a set of features representing the morphological structure and grammatical contribution of the word; these features are interpreted at the interface of morphology with the rest of the grammar, producing the lexical entry for the word form. This view fits well with a realizational theory of morphology; the proposals are compatible not only with explicitly paradigm-based models, but with any morphological theory which relates words to feature sets encoding their grammatical properties and structure, including finite state theories of morphology.
Related research threads and new directions
Authors: Dalrymple Mary , Lowe John J. , Mycock Louise 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis final chapter provides brief discussion of some LFG work that has not been covered elsewhere in the book. One of the original aims of LFG was to produce a psychologically realistic linguistic theory, one that would not only account for observed patterns of linguistic behavior but would also provide insight into the mental representation of language. Section 18.1 discusses work on language processing and acquisition, including work which seeks to integrate LFG with Optimality Theory. A number of authors have explored diachronic linguistic developments from an LFG perspective, and have shown that such developments can be modeled and analyzed within the framework of LFG. Work on diachronic change within LFG is reviewed in Section 18.2. Finally, Section 18.3 focuses on computational issues, discussing work on parsing and generation within LFG, as well as computational implementations of LFG.
The Series
Authors: Sobecki Sebastian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Chapter 2, ‘Thomas Hoccleve’s Year of Mourning’, introduces a new life record for Hoccleve that demonstrates his ties to the Bedfordshire village of Hockliffe and shows that he owned property there in the 1420s. The new document, a will by Hoccleve’s fellow Privy Seal clerk John Bailey, provides a revised context for the Series, which I read as the poet’s attempt to mourn the death of a friend and contemplate his own mortality. I adjust the dating of the Series to November 1420 to Spring 1421, and consider this cycle of poems as an attempt to fulfil Hoccleve’s public self spiritually and socially, through his textual alter ego Thomas, and in preparation of his own death. The structural emphasis on Learning to Die in the Series is crucial for understanding the spiritual aspiration of the porous self to achieve a harmonious balance with its surrounding metaphysical reality.
The Signet Self
Authors: Sobecki Sebastian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Chapter 5 identifies the autograph hand of the signet clerk and poet George Ashby across twelve documents, five of which bear his scribal signature. I also demonstrate that the Cambridge manuscript of his Active Policy of a Prince, Cambridge University Library, Mm.IV.42, is a holograph intended for Prince Edward of Westminster. At the same time, this work marks Ashby’s withdrawal from public life, and I date the poem to 1461–2. I also show that Ashby’s A Prisoner’s Reflection was composed between Michaelmas 1463 and 24 March 1464. Ashby’s narrative self dominates the Prisoner’s Reflection, and his defining context is that of the signet clerk, constantly attached to the person of the king or queen. The exile from this situation in 1461 triggers the poetic impulse that leads to his two known works—narratives that signal the uprootedness of his sociocentric self in an attempt to realign himself with his environment.
Redistributive Market Liberalism and its Critics
Authors: Sloman Peter 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The belief that a civilized society should seek to prevent destitution among its citizens is one of the oldest ideas in politics, yet the idea that this should be achieved through a guaranteed minimum income is relatively new. This chapter takes John Kay’s concept of ‘Redistributive Market Liberalism’ as a starting point for examining how cash transfers became central to British social policy debate in the course of the twentieth century. Drawing on work by Samuel Fleischacker, Martin Ravallion, and Alice O’Connor, it argues that a guaranteed minimum income is a distinctly modern concept, shaped by an Enlightenment conception of distributive justice, an Anglo-American tradition of ‘poverty knowledge’, and the methodological individualism of neoclassical economics. The collapse of manufacturing employment since the 1970s, together with a declining faith in planning and collective provision, has encouraged UK governments to pursue their distributional objectives through the tax and benefit systems.
ZU-UK’s Hotel Medea
Authors: Cole Emma 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
ZU-UK’s overnight Hotel Medea positioned its audience as active participants throughout the three-act production, including, for example, as guests at Jason and Medea’s wedding in Act One, and as the couple’s children in Act Two. Chapter 6 utilizes Jacques Rancière’s notion of the emancipated spectator to consider this production and the degree to which the audience was, in fact, liberated. It suggests that the spectator’s emancipation was more intellectual, rather than physical, and that the use of ancient tragedy was key to this intellectual emancipation. It argues that through the constant shifting of perspective upon Medea the production encouraged the audience to have a discursive interaction with the traditions of receiving Euripides’ tragedy and to reconsider the ways, and reasons why, antiquity is reappropriated in modern society. The chapter reveals that in postdramatic classical receptions levels of formal innovation do not necessarily correlate to levels of textual innovation. Instead, the relationship between form and content, and its effect upon spectatorship, in postdramatic tragedies is seen to be fluid and, consequently, all the riper for analysis.
Jan Fabre’s Mount Olympus: To Glorify the Cult of Tragedy (A 24-Hour Performance)
Authors: Cole Emma 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Jan Fabre’s 24-hour response to the œuvre of extant tragedy, Mount Olympus, is in many ways an archetype postdramatic tragic reception. Chapter 7 explores the production’s radical take upon both the form and content of ancient tragedy, and how its phenomenological impact encouraged the audience to interrogate the practice of receiving antiquity. It focuses upon how the production combined postdramatic techniques with tragic source texts to interrogated ideas of voyeurism, the institution of the City Dionysia, and the notion of catharsis. It utilizes Jacques Rancière’s work on politics and art, and his notion of the emancipated spectator, as a theoretical framework to consider how the production raised questions surrounding cognitive versus embodied agency and the limits of emancipation. It argues that Rancière’s emancipated spectator is best employed as a hermeneutic tool to unpack the politics of spectatorship rather than to create a totalizing thesis about the ideal conditions for a politically efficacious performance.
Conclusion
Authors: Cole Emma 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Postdramatic receptions of ancient tragedy represent a growing trend in contemporary theatre. This conclusion draws together the three core styles of postdramatic theatre considered in Postdramatic Tragedies, and considers future directions surrounding the combination of ancient tragedy and postdramatic theatre. The chapter reaffirms the significance of the political to postdramatic classical receptions. It claims that postdramatic tragedies have pushed both the tragic genre and the postdramatic style in new directions, and that an appreciation of them is key to understanding the history of theatre and of tragedy in the late twentieth and early twenty-first century.
History of a Friendship
Authors: Auger Peter 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
James VI’s friendship with Du Bartas between 1584 and 1590 guided how the king wrote poetry and permanently changed how Du Bartas’ works were published and read. The Scottish monarch was in contact with Du Bartas at around the same time, or even before, Elizabethan courtiers like Anthony Bacon and Sir Philip Sidney were. The translation of L’Uranie in Essayes of a Prentise (1584) matched James’ enthusiasm for merging secular and sacred authority. James’ Lepanto and Du Bartas’ French translation of it supported cultural diplomacy between the courts in Edinburgh and Navarre. Du Bartas gave James a manuscript copy of Suites de la Seconde Semaine, perhaps during the poet’s visit to Scotland in 1587, that shows that James became Du Bartas’ first reader in the poet’s final years. His Maiesties Poetical Exercises (1591), printed a year after Du Bartas’ death, broadcast this friendship internationally.
Curating the Protestant Imagination
Authors: Auger Peter 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Even before a full translation existed, there were diverse English responses to Du Bartas’ insistence that divine verse should peg human creativity to the mind of the Creator. William Scott’s Model of Poesy sets this pessimistic view against more positive, socially engaged arguments closer to Sir Philip Sidney’s Defence of Poesy. Scott and Sidney both translated Du Bartas, as did Robert Barret, whose verse chronicle The Sacred Warr is an early poem that faithfully follows Du Bartas’ ‘paterne’. Despite Edmund Spenser’s reported interest in Du Bartas, his poems (especially The Faerie Queene) suggest that human ignorance requires poets to write about non-fictional truths using allegorical structures. Those who did not read French might have encountered Du Bartas in Elizabethan drama, as a character in Christopher Marlowe’s Massacre at Paris, or in paraphrased extracts in George Peele’s David and Bethsabe and the anonymous Taming of a Shrew.
Little Histories
Authors: Auger Peter 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The second half of this book examines the diversity of divine poetry written after Du Bartas’ example, beginning in this chapter with historical and descriptive poems that were continuations of Du Bartas’ vision. Such poems were obeisant to a poetics that was effectively authorized by the Stuart monarch, and that treated the self not as an interpretive agent but an object of study. Poets like John Davies of Hereford and Phineas Fletcher invoked the hexameron as a token of continuity with the Semaines, and played with the motif of the microcosm, i.e. the self as a ‘little universe’, that cohered with the grand design of the Semaines. The overt smallness of Sylvester’s translation Little Bartas indicated his preoccupation with the pedagogical and spiritual benefit of divine verse, which is also found in Edward Cooke’s Bartas Junior.
Writing for the Inner Eye
Authors: Auger Peter 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Abraham Cowley reacted against the tradition of divine poetry that Du Bartas embodied, arguing that scriptural poets needed to have technical expertise and spiritual insight. As later seventeenth-century poets like Thomas Heywood, John Perrot, and Samuel Pordage became aware of the limits of simply describing literal truths from the Bible and natural world, they reverted to allegorical and other figurative narrative structures that could accommodate higher truths to the human imagination and describe psychological experience. John Milton had known Sylvester’s translation since he was a teenager, but Paradise Lost makes purposeful allusions that surpass Devine Weekes, showing how difficult it is to apprehend divine truth, and how interpretation depends on our point of view. Lucy Hutchinson’s meditations on Genesis revise Du Bartas’ poetics to strip away extraneous material that distracts from scriptural truth.
Conclusion
Authors: O'Callaghan Casey 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter recounts the arguments and conclusions reached in preceding chapters concerning the respects in which perception and perceptual consciousness involve the coordinated use of multiple senses. It provides a synopsis of considerations favoring a richly multisensory account of perceptual processes, capacities, awareness, and experience. It retraces the book’s approach to differentiating senses construed as bundles of perceptual capacities unified and distinguished by the manner in which they are exercised, and to distinguishing perception from extraperceptual cognition by means of the explanatory roles the distinction plays in empirical psychology, rational psychology, and phenomenology. It describes the theoretical consequences of multisensory perception, negative and positive, and it explains their significance. The chapter concludes with the implications and future directions for a multisensory philosophy of perception.
Sensory Transduction
Authors: Fain Gordon L. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Sensory Transduction provides a thorough and easily accessible introduction to the mechanisms that each of the different kinds of sensory receptor cell uses to convert a sensory stimulus into an electrical response. Beginning with an introduction to methods of experimentation, sensory specializations, ion channels, and G-protein cascades, it provides up-to-date reviews of all of the major senses, including touch, hearing, olfaction, taste, photoreception, and the “extra” senses of thermoreception, electroreception, and magnetoreception. By bringing mechanisms of all of the senses together into a coherent treatment, it facilitates comparison of ion channels, metabotropic effector molecules, second messengers, and other components of signal pathways that are common themes in the physiology of the different sense organs. With its many clear illustrations and easily assimilated exposition, it provides an ideal introduction to current research for the professional in neuroscience, as well as a text for an advanced undergraduate or graduate-level course on sensory physiology.
Introduction
Authors: Brown Deborah J. , Normore Calvin G. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the Introduction, we explain what this book is about and why it is significant. The book concerns the question of whether the many ordinary objects of which Descartes speaks—including tools, automata, animals, plants, the human body, the human being, families, and nation states—have any place in his metaphysical system, or whether they should be eliminated from a properly Cartesian scientific worldview. This study is significant both for challenging the standard reductionist and eliminativist readings of Descartes’ natural philosophy and for offering a different way of thinking about such issues in contemporary debates. The introduction offers the reader a quick tour through the chapters, giving a concise overview of the aims and structure of the entire book.
Larger Than Life
Authors: Brown Deborah J. , Normore Calvin G. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
If two or more substances, distinct in essence not merely in number, can form a union, it is little wonder that collections of such composites can also form unions. The difference between the union of mind and body and social and political unions, however, is that the latter depend not upon God (directly) but upon the wills of individual humans who create them. The force behind the creation of communities is a passion, love, which Descartes defines as a willing to join oneself in union with others. As a passion, love is dependent upon the body, and as an act of will, upon the divine element within the soul. It is argued in this chapter that such unions rely on organizational and mereological principles similar to those which account for the integrity of organic bodies. It is from here that the idea of a “body politic” emerges, demonstrating the continuity of Descartes’ thinking in natural philosophy, politics, and ethics.
Conclusion
Authors: Brown Deborah J. , Normore Calvin G. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter draws together themes from the previous chapters culminating in the raising of certain questions about how best to understand Descartes as a metaphysician, natural philosopher, and as an ethicist. Having shown that we are not disconnected aggregates of minds and bodies but complex subsystems embedded in increasingly complex natural, social and political systems, we find ourselves, on Descartes’ picture, thoroughly embedded in the world. From this perspective, the image of Descartes as an eliminativist, reductionist, and individualistic thinker is utterly untenable. It is thereby hoped that this book will foster new lines of discussion and inquiry into what kind of philosopher he was and how best to interpret him.
The Conflict of Laws
Authors: Briggs Adrian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This book provides a survey and analysis of the rules of private international law as they apply in England. Written to take account of the various possible outcomes of the Brexit process, it goes as far as is possible to make sense of the effect this will have on English private international law. The volume covers general principles, jurisdiction, and the effect of foreign judgments; the law applicable to contractual and non-contractual obligations; and the private international law of property, of adults (the increasingly complex law of children is described in bare outline), and of corporations. This new edition of the text organizes the existing material in light of European legislation on private international law, reflecting the way in which an accurate representation of English private international law required it to be seen as European law with a common law periphery, instead of common law with European legislative influences. As at the time of writing—and probably for some time to come—the consequences of Brexit are a mystery, the attempt is made to describe the various possible shapes which the subject will assume in the future.
“Notre Petite Amie”
Authors: Tilburg Patricia 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In 1900, composer and philanthropist Gustave Charpentier founded the Oeuvre de Mimi Pinson, an association providing the workingwomen of Paris with free theater tickets, and free music and dance classes. What began as an effort to provide occasional free entertainment to female workers became a multifaceted conservatory, charity, and social network. The men (and some women) who organized and administered the OMP did so by relying on the trope of the gay, seducible, and tasteful young garment worker. These assumptions defined not only the work of the OMP and its relationship with its working-class members, but also reinforced the comforting notion of workingwomen’s pliability for journalists, politicians, reformers, and countless casual observers. Even as the OMP proffered a vision of emancipated French womanhood as a national renovator, it also deployed a powerful typology of the Parisian garment worker to temper its radical potential. Defined and confined by a nineteenth-century type, the female garment workers of Paris were exemplary targets for a benevolent effort which, at a moment in which feminist action and labor militancy were consolidating, reimagined women’s emancipation and working-class uplift as a matter entirely managed by bourgeois male authority and desire.
Discourse in a Novel
Authors: Branham R. Bracht 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Plato points out in the Republic that epic, antiquity’s most influential narrative form, alternates between diēgēsis and mimēsis. The poet either speaks narratively (diēgēsis) or imitates characters’ speech (mimēsis). (Indirect speech is rare in Homer.) The poet-narrator’s speech is kept clearly distinct from the characters’ because they are so linguistically homogeneous. Characters and narrator speak identically, so the individuality we expect in novelistic speech is impossible. Access to characters’ consciousness is limited to poetic diēgēsis of their actions and mimēsis of their words. Plato’s distinction is fundamental, but Lodge argues it is not “adequate to describe novelistic discourse.…[T]he relationship between mimēsis and diēgēsis in the novel is much more subtle and complicated…; we encounter in the novel a third kind of discourse[,] which…Bakhtin calls doubly-voiced or doubly-oriented.”