bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The S-content-dependent lattice structure evolution and bandgap modulation in quaternary MgZnOS alloy films
Authors: Cheng Hailing , Li Lei , Wang Yang , Lu Yinmei , Zhang Zaoli , Li Mingkai , Klar Peter J , He Yunbin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Bandgap engineering of ZnO by alloy formation is of great importance for its application in modern optoelectronic devices. Herein, Mg and S co-substituted quaternary Mg0.12Zn0.88O1−y
S
y
(MgZnOS) alloy films with various S content were grown on c-plane sapphire by pulsed laser deposition using a Mg0.12Zn0.88O0.18S0.82 ceramic target under various O2 partial pressures. The S-content-dependent phase structure evolution and S solubility limits in single-phase MgZnOS alloys were determined, and the correlation of lattice constants and band gap with the S content of the single-phase MgZnOS was quantitatively established. It turns out that the MgZnOS films grow quasi-epitaxially on c-sapphire with a wurtzite structure, which evolves intricately with varying S content. The S-rich MgZnOS films assume both lattice constants and in-plane orientation similar to those of ZnS. With decreasing S content, the alloy lattice first contracts along the out-of-plane direction, then shrinks in-plane, and partly re-orients by 30° in-plane, eventually approaching ZnO for the O-rich MgZnOS films. S content (y
S) achieved in the single-phase O-rich and S-rich Mg0.12Zn0.88O1−y
S
y
films is y
S ⩽ 0.33 and y
S ⩾ 0.67, respectively, far beyond the S solubility limits in the counterpart ternary ZnOS. While phase separation of MgZnO and MgZnS takes place in the films with S content between 0.34–0.65, in-plane domain separation with mutual rotation by 30° occurs in the O-rich single-phase MgZnOS films with y
S ⩽ 0.08. Moreover, for the O-rich single-phase MgZnOS films, the lattice constant c expands linearly while a remains almost invariant with increasing S content. The band gap of MgZnOS is nonlinearly adjustable in the range of 3.13–3.66 eV, with a bowing parameter (∼1.89 eV) smaller than that of ZnOS (∼3.0 eV). The S-content-dependent evolutions of both lattice constants and band gap of MgZnOS differ distinctly from those of ZnOS, indicating bright prospects for synergistic Mg and S co-substitution in the effective modulation of both structure and band gap of ZnO to meet specific applications.
Order parameter focalization and critical temperature enhancement in synthetic networks of superconducting islands
Authors: Romeo Francesco 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A generalization of the de Gennes–Alexander micronetworks theory is presented. In this framework, the phase transition of synthetic networks of superconducting islands is described by means of a Ginzburg–Landau approach adapted to the case of granular systems. The general implications of the theory are carefully explained. As a specific example, we demonstrate that star networks support the exponential localization of the order parameter accompanied by an enhancement of the critical temperature of the system. These findings contribute to clarify the physics of the phase transitions in synthetic networks of Josephson-coupled superconducting islands.
Frequency noise measurement and its uncertainty estimation of an optical frequency comb using a delay line interferometer
Authors: Wada Masato , Hong Feng-Lei , Inaba Hajime 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We describe frequency noise measurements for an optical frequency comb by using a delayed self-heterodyne method with a Michelson-type fiber-optic delay line interferometer without a low-noise reference laser. We measured the frequency noise power spectral densities (PSDs) for free-running and frequency-stabilized comb modes and estimated the uncertainties of the measurement results. For example, for the frequency-stabilized comb, the measured frequency noise PSD and its uncertainty were 23 dBHz2 Hz−2 and 0.66 dB, respectively, at a Fourier frequency of 10 kHz. We also measured the frequency noise PSDs of the comb modes by the conventional method using an ultrastable reference laser and compared the results with those that we measured with the delayed self-heterodyne method. The measurement results that we obtained with the two methods were consistent within their uncertainties, which shows that the delayed self-heterodyne method provides high reliability. This combined with its simplicity and user-friendliness suggest that the method has the potential to become a standard frequency noise measurement approach for frequency combs.
A design framework for the fabrication of a low-cost goniometer apparatus for contact angle and surface tension measurements
Authors: Sow Pradeep Kumar , Y Ashwin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of reported studies and technological applications have relied on controlling the wetting behavior at the solid–liquid interface. In order to study wetting behavior, the contact angle based on the sessile droplet method and the surface tension using the pendant droplet method are the most widely used metrics, which are conventionally obtained using a goniometer. However, commercial goniometers are usually expensive. making them inaccessible to those under budget constraints. Focussing on how to design and fabricate goniometer setups in-house, we establish here a design framework based on the essential requirements and experimentally validate the use of the fabricated goniometers for the measurement of contact angle and surface tension. Specifically, a functionality-centric approach has been adopted, instead of component-centric, so that goniometers can be made with available components and low-cost substitutes that are capable of serving similar functionalities. Based on these requirements, we present two low-cost goniometer designs fabricated in-house with locally and easily available components. The construction materials and components for the two in-house built goniometers are different, while they serve similar functionalities which were identified as a part of the design framework. The two goniometers fabricated in-house are extremely low cost, with the overall cost of both the goniometers being less than 160 USD. The performance of the goniometers was successfully validated by evaluating and comparing the contact angle and surface tension values with those of a commercial system. Such low-cost goniometer prototypes can serve the technological needs of research labs as well as in imparting practical learning about surface science in classroom settings.
Numerical and experimental investigations on the total-variation regularization method of temperature distribution reconstruction in acoustic tomography
Authors: Zhou Hao , Yan Jiafeng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Acoustic tomography (AT) is considered to be a non-intrusive and effective method of obtaining temperature distribution information. The reconstruction method is crucial to obtaining reliable results of AT measurement. This paper presents a new method of reconstructing the temperature field in a measuring domain. Numerical simulations and experimental studies are conducted in this paper to validate the performance and robustness of the proposed method. In addition, it is compared to the other acknowledged regularization methods in inverse problems. The reconstruction time is also discussed to explore the feasibility of performing the construction procedure in real time. The numerical results indicate that the proposed method has better performance than other regularization methods for different temperature distributions. Moreover, it shows better anti-noise ability in the condition that the time-of-flight is contaminated by noise. The experimental reconstruction results of these reconstruction methods are compared against thermocouple measurements, showing that the proposed method has superior reconstruction performance in most cases. Therefore it may serve as a promising reference for quality improvement of temperature distribution reconstruction in AT.
Computational analysis of the evolution of the brittle-to-ductile transition of tungsten under fusion conditions
Authors: Vrielink M A Oude , van Dommelen J A W , Geers M G D 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Tungsten components inside fusion reactors are subjected to extreme conditions, including an exceptionally high heat flux. This loading induces high stress levels, that may lead to brittle fracture. The current work aims to provide novel insights by relating the risk for brittle fracture to the tungsten microstructure and loadings conditions. To this end, a crystal plasticity framework is adopted with a temperature dependent slip resistance. The required parameters are obtained from experimental data in the literature. The risk for brittle fracture is assessed by means of Beremin’s weakest-link theory. The brittle-to-ductile transition temperature (BDTT) found in literature can be accurately described with the presented framework. The simulation results reveal that the BDTT decreases linearly with the volume fraction of recrystallized grains in the microstructure. It is also shown that a sharp interface between rolled and recrystallized microscopic grains is more favourable in terms of risk for brittle fracture.
Characteristics of cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene in giant clam from Wakatobi National Park Waters, Indonesia
Authors: Findra M N , Setyobudiandi I , Solihin D D , Butet N A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Characteristic of cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene in giant clam from Wakatobi National Park Waters was studied to detect the specific nucleotide and show the relationship among species of giant clams. Sample collection was conducted around Wangi-wangi, Kaledupa, and Tomia waters. Genomic DNA was extracted from clam mantle tissue of two generas, and amplified by PCR method. We obtained nucleotide size of 522 bp for genus Tridacna (T. crocea, T. maxima) and 708 bp for genus Hippopus (H. hippopus). There were 52 specific nucleotide for the clams (included T. gigas and T. squamosa from GenBank data). T. crocea, T. gigas, T. squamosa, T. maxima, and H. hippopus had 2, 3, 9, 2, and 36 sites, respectively. Reconstruction phylogenetic tree using Neighbour Joining of 476 bp COI gene sequences showed that all species of giant clams were monophyletic.
Biological aspect of mackerel scad (Decapterus macarellus Cuvier, 1833) in Prigi waters Trenggalek Regency East Java Indonesia
Authors: Bintoro G , Lelono T D , Ningtyas D P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Mackerel scad (Decapterus macarellus) is one of the dominant catches in the Java Sea. Sustainability of Makarel scad resources (D. macarellus) needs to be maintained and managed optimally and sustainably. This research was conducted in Prigi Waters, Trenggalek East Java. starting December 2018 to September 2019 which aims to identify biological aspect and food composition of Mackerel scad (D. macarellus). The method used in this study is descriptive and uses a random sampling method. 1610 fish samples. Acquisition of Total length (TL) mackerel scad (D.macarellus) ranges from 16.8-35 cm and weighs between 42-328 grams. The Growth Pattern on (D. macarellus) is negative Alometric with the equation W =0.0163L 2.8447. The ratio of male and female is 1: 1 The Gonad somatic index\value is 1.41%. The value of Lm Female is 25,70 cm Lm male 25,92 cm and the value of Lc is 26,68 cm. L∞ Growth Parameter = 38.73, K = 0.77, to = -0.194 years. The composition of mackerel scad in total sampling seen from the index of preponderance consisted of Zooplankton 51% (arthropods, molluscs, cnidaria, annelida, chordata) and 49% phytoplankton (ochrophyta, bacillarophyta, chlorophyta, cyanobacteria, protozoa, ciliopora, cyanophyta)
Nutritional composition and alginate characteristics of Sargassum polycystum (C. Agardh, 1824) growth in Sebesi island coastal, Lampung-Indonesia
Authors: Sumandiarsa I K , Bengen D G , Santoso J , Januar H I 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Macro and micro-nutrient as well as alginate characteristics from Sargassum polycystum (C. Agardh, 1824) brown seaweed growth in Sebesi Island were investigated. Gravimetry was used to determine the macro nutrients and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) to identify the micro nutrients. While, alginate extraction followed the acid extraction protocol, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) was utilized to determine M/G ratio. The results of this research showed a descending percentage of macro nutrients as follows: Carbohydrate > Ash > Moisture > Crude Fibre > Protein > Fat. The descending presence of micro nutrients was: Manganese (Mn)> Barium (Ba)> Zinc (Zn)> Iron (Fe)> Copper (Cu)> Selenium (Se)> Molybdenum (Mo). The yields of extracted alginate were high (24.18–29.59%) and consisted of high moisture and an ash content of 12.16 ± 0.4 and 24.37 ± 0.5 respectively. The pH was 7.28 ± 0.05, the viscosity 195.7 ± 8.4, whiteness and gel strength were about 58.19 ± 0.6 and 60.23 ± 0.7. The ratio of Maluronate and Guluronate (M/G) blocks varied between 1.04-1.48. Based on the results of the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), the main character of alginates such as the M/G ratio and the gel strength could be associated with variations in the composition of DO and ammonia, while viscosity was related to variations of nitrate and phosphate. It can be concluded that the growth of S. polycystum on the coast of Sebesi Island can be recommended as alginate resource with robust quality.
The condition of economical important coral reef fishes in eastern and western small outer island Indonesia
Authors: Putra R D , Siringirongo R M , Makatipu P C , Abrar M , Hukom F D , Purnamsari N W , Nurhasim  , Hadi T A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
More than three months of cumulative comprehensive studied we conducted to evaluate coral reef fishes composition in Eastern Indonesia Region (Liki Island) and Western Indonesia Region (Natuna Island) of small outer Island (SOI) Indonesia. There is a fundamental problem in the ecological function of the coral reef ecosystem and the potential of economically important reef fishes in small outer Island Indonesia. Several obstructions become an essential problem, including the location of SOI, which is far from the mainland with a lack of surveillance and monitoring; consequently, the coral ecosystem and its coral reef fishes are threatened. Overfishing and destructive fishing are the major problems reported in several locations on the outermost island. Both anthropogenic stressors cause degraded coral ecosystems and give the loss specific species of marine species, especially in economically important coral reef fishes that primary target for fisheries. The latest and continuous time series data is essential as necessary information to arrange the appropriate and sustainable policies in Small outer islands, especially in protected the ecosystem from ecological extinction. The main goal of our study is to evaluate the potential of economic coral reef fishes with analysis of two families of fundamental economic and targeted fisheries: groupers (Serranidae) and snapper (Lutjanidae) in eastern and western small outer island Indonesia. The data were collected in each six site location in both eastern and western region SOI using Underwater Visual Census (UVC) technique. Four parameters, including species richness, abundance, biomass, and indices of economic coral reef fishes (Shannon, Evenness, Simpson, and ENS), were compared between the eastern region (Liki) to the Western region (Natuna) with Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric statistical analysis and internal Pairwise Wilcoxon analysis. The eastern region (Liki) recorded higher fish richness, abundance, and biomass than the western region (Natuna) (p< 0.05). Comparisons with ecological indices shown in the eastern region SOI (Liki) had a more diverse economic important coral reef fishes than western region SOI (Natuna). Understanding the composition of economically important coral reef fish in SOI will reveal more about the condition of the ecological function of the coral ecosystem and their vulnerability to future changes.
Vulnerability of Java Sea marine protected areas affected by marine debris
Authors: Purba N P , Faizal I , Abimanyu A , Zenyda K S , Jaelani A , Indriawan D , Priadhi M M , Martasuganda M K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Marine Protected Areas (MPA) is an area that potentially poses stress from outside such as human activities and ocean pollution. One of the global issues that threat ecosystems include MPA is ocean debris. The aim of this paper is to assess vulnerability of MPA based on the trajectory of debris affected by oceanographic condition. Three MPAs were chosen in the Java Sea region including: Seribu Islands National Parks, Biawak Island Conservation Area, and Karimunjawa Islands National Parks. The data provided by The Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model surface current and Global Forecast System surface wind were used to determine the trajectory of the debris. We simulate the ocean condition in two monsoons. The results showed that debris floating around the MPAs have a potential of reaching beaches inside the MPAs and have different patterns between the monsoon. Furthermore, in Seribu Islands and Karimunjawa Islands which are designated as National Parks, the debris managed to land in the most crucial zones, Core Zone and Buffer Zone. Modelling of marine debris, such as the one used in this study can be used to inform authorities regarding the landing points of floating debris to create better management decisions in battling global marine debris issues.
A dynamic simulation of mangrove ecotourism management at the Lantebung of Makassar City
Authors: Massiseng A N A , Tuwo A , Fachry M E , Bahar A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Mangrove ecotourism is one of the important tourism in the coastal area. Mangrove ecosystems not only have physical and biological functions, but also have socioeconomic functions, including tourism potential. Utilization of mangrove areas to be ecotourism areas is an alternative that is very likely and high strategic, considering that ecotourism activities can encourage conservation of mangrove ecosystems as a buffer zone in coastal areas in particular. This study aims to formulate a model of mangrove ecotourism management in Lantebung of Makassar City. The study was conducted with a dynamic system approach with Powersim software (student version). The study location is at Lantebung of Makassar City, especially in mangrove area. Data collection, consist of; literature study, interviews and field observations. The results study obtained two dynamic model scenarios related to the management of the Lantebung mangrove eco-tourism, it’s known that the optimal level of management that can be done now is to encourage better tourism promotion. This can be seen from the dynamic model results obtained that scenario-2 (the strategy to increase tourism promotion is 10%) is more optimal than scenario-1 (the strategy to increase community empowerment is 10%). Even though the aspect of mangrove conservation scenario-1 is better where it can increase the extent of existing mangroves (20 Ha) to 28.54 Ha or an increase about is 42.70%. Whereas the mangrove scenarios only increased to 25.25 Ha or increased about is 26.25% in the same period. While from the economic aspect, the scenario-2 is able to generate income from ecotourism of 620.25 million, and scenario-1 only produces 588.81 million in the next 30 years.
Feed efficiency in the growth of humpback grouper Cromileptes altivelis with prebiotics dietary modulation
Authors: Pattipeiluhu S M , Loupatty J W , Pattipeilohy Ch E , Sambonu R W 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Energy for fish to carry on with its biological activities and growth comes from food that they eat. In artificial diets, protein become the most expensive source of energy so it is necessary to keep the proportion of protein down to the optimum levels for good growth and feed conversion. In another study, prebiotics resulted in good growth of fish using a manufactured prebiotic supplement. Ideally, we want food material available all year, inexpensive and not be in competition with food material for human consumption. In this study, food formulation with prebiotics made from local products were prepared for fish food. In this study sago was the source of carbohydrates, mackerel and land snails were the source of protein. The formulation was fed to humpback grouper Cromileptes altivelis to study the effectiveness on its growth. Ninety humpback groupers (size 9-9.5 cm, weight 10 – 11 g) were reared in 3 fiberglass tanks for four weeks. Each tank had 30 fish, first tank as control without sago and the two tanks with sago in dietary prebiotic pellet. Length and weight gain were recorded every week then growth performance of fish were assessed in the form of Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Food Conversion Ratio (FCR), weight gain daily and length-weight relationship. Food proximate test were carried out separately in the Integrated Chemistry Laboratory, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Data analysis showed a significant difference in the growth performance of humpback grouper through the values of SGR, FCR and average growth daily, between treatment A and B (with sago) and treatment C (control, zero sago). The proximate test displayed lower protein in treatment A (57.95%) and B (55.95%) but higher in treatment C (59.37%), in the contrary to carbohydrate for treatment A (27.80%), treatment B (26%) and treatment C (22.98%).
The distribution of reef fish in Ternate Island, North Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: Ahmad A , Fahrudin A , Boer M , Kamal M M , Wardiatno Y 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Reef fish is a constituent component for coral reef ecosystems, so it is very important to identify the distribution of reef fish species. This study aims to assess the number of reef fish species, diversity, abundance, recruitment, and frequency of size. The results showed that the number of reef fish species on Ternate Island was 42 families, 109 genera, and 265 species. The high level of diversity is 3.57 - 4.79 with an abundance of 8 - 28 ind.m−2. The addition of new individuals to the population both due to reproduction and migration of 16.26 - 51.72%, the size-frequency of reef fish based on the size of the first time the gonads mature (Lm) is 45.00 - 70.00% of the total population of reef fish.
Ridge waveguides in Yb3+-doped silicate glass fabricated by combination of proton implantation and femtosecond laser ablation
Authors: Bai Jing , Long Xuewen , Li Ji , Liu Chunxiao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Ridge waveguides were fabricated in Yb3+-doped silicate glass by proton implantation combined with the femtosecond laser ablation. The Yb3+-doped silicate glass were implanted by H+ ions with the double-energy (470 keV + 500 keV) at a total dose of 3 × 1016 ions cm−2 for the formation of planar waveguides. After annealing at 260 °C, the double-line modification tracks, which provide lateral confinement of light to form ridge waveguide structures, were inscribed on the surface of sample with 3 μJ pulse laser energy, 50 μm s−1 scan speed, and 25 μm separation. The vacancy distribution of the original planar waveguide structure induced by the proton implantation was numerically calculated by the SRIM 2013. The near-field intensity distribution of the waveguide was measured by the end-face coupling system, which shows that the light can be well confined in the ridge waveguide. The micro-fluorescence features have been found well preserved in the waveguide region. This work indicates that the ridge waveguide fabricated by laser ablation assisted proton implantation in Yb3+-doped silicate glass has an important potential as an active waveguide device in optical fiber communication and all-optical communication.