bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengolahan limbah kulit buah manggis (garcinia mangostana L) di Desa Lingsar Kec lingsar Kab. Lombok barat
Authors: Nurdiana Nurdiana 
Published: July 2020

[Bahasa]: Sampah dan limbah merupakan permasalahan lingkungan yang harus diminimalisir. Permasalahan yang dihasilkan diantaranya seperti merusak pemandangan, bau, dan mencemari lingkungan. Salah satu kegiatan yang dapat menghasilkan sampah dan limbah adalah aktivitas belajar mengajar di madrasah. Seperti di Madrasah Binaan IAIN Mataram yaitu Madrasah NW Mercapada Selat Narmada Lombok Barat Nusa Tenggara Barat Indonesia. Tujuan dalam kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat adalah; untuk memperagakan/mempraktikan proses/cara pengolahan sampah dan limbah yang dihasilkan dalam proses kegiatan belajar mengajar di Madrasah Aliyah NW Mercapada Selat Narmada Kabupaten Lombok Barat dan untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan Madrasah NW Mercapada Selat Narmada, sehingga perlu dilakukan pelatihan manajemen sampah dan limbah. Langkah yang dapat dilakukan untuk meminimalisir jumlah sampah dari kegiatan belajar mengajar tersebut adalah dengan meningkatkan kualitas Sumberdaya Manusia seperti peserta didik, tenaga pendidik dan pengelola madrasah. Pelatihan manajemen sampah dan limbah mampu menghasilkan produk, baik berupa kerajinan tangan berbahan dasar sampah plastik, kompos, dan pupuk organik cair maupun padat. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian dapat memberikan solusi dalam menghadapi permasalahan lingkungan yang terjadi terutama permasalahan lingkungan yang terjadi di lingkungan madrasah seperti permasalahan sampah dan limbah yang dihasilkan selama kegiatan belajar mengajar.
Kata kunci: sampah, limbah, lingkungan
Revenus et systèmes de production. Les exploitations bovines des Pays de la Loire
Authors: COLSON F. , CHATELLIER V. , DESARMENIEN D. 
Published: July 2020

Première région française productrice de viande bovine, les Pays de la Loire se caractérisent par une grande diversité des systèmes de production. Les simulations des conséquences de la réforme de la PAC sur le revenu des producteurs de viande bovine ont été réalisées pour 400 exploitations de l’échantillon RICA représentatives des 44 000 exploitations productrices de viande bovine dans la région, réparties en sept systèmes techniques.
Facteurs de variation de la valeur nutritive du maïs ensilage
Authors: DEMARQUILLY C. 
Published: July 2020

La composition morphologique de la plante de maïs évolue jusqu’au stade vitreux du grain (35 % de matière sèche (MS) dans la plante entière), le grain a alors atteint sa maturité physiologique et représente de 40 à 50 % de la MS. La composition chimique évolue relativement peu après la floraison sauf la teneur en amidon qui augmente au détriment de la teneur en glucides solubles. La digestibilité de la matière organique (dMO) et l’ingestibilité, mesurées sur des moutons, d’un maïs donné évoluent peu après le stade laiteux ; elles ont été en moyenne respectivement de 71,5 + 2,2 et de 52,5 + 7,2 g MS/kg P0,75 pour les 20 maïs sur pied que nous avons étudiés entre 1964 et 1971. La dMO a été en moyenne de 72,6 et a varié de 67 à 78 pour les 15 hybrides normaux étudiés par le club digestibilité en 1987 et 1988. Si on excepte les maïs bm, les variations de digestibilité observées entre variétés cultivées la même année dans un lieu donné sont faibles et du même ordre de grandeur que celles observées pour la même variété entre lieux ou années. De part sa teneur élevée en MS, sa teneur en glucides solubles non limitante et surtout son pouvoir tampon faible, le maïs se conserve très bien sous forme d’ensilage à condition d’être haché finement. La dMO de l’ensilage est identique à celle de la plante mise en silo. Il en est pratiquement de même de son ingestibilité chez le mouton, du moins quand l’ensilage est correctement complémenté, notamment en azote. En revanche la quantité ingérée par les bovins augmente avec la teneur en MS jusqu’à ce que celle-ci atteigne 35 % environ. La teneur en MS de l’ensilage de maïs est donc le facteur essentiel de la quantité d’énergie nette ingérée par les bovins. Chez le bovin à l’engrais, il a été bien montré que si le gain de poids vif augmente avec la teneur en MS de l’ensilage de maïs, l’efficacité alimentaire, donc vraisemblablement la valeur énergétique, reste constante. Il semble en être de même chez la vache laitière. A même teneur en MS, les quantités ingérées et les performances des bovins à l’engrais et des vaches laitières, mais aussi l’efficacité alimentaire, donc la valeur énergétique, varient dans le même sens que la digestibilité de l’ensilage. Les performances animales ne sont guère affectées par les dispositifs (grille, rouleaux...) qui permettent de diminuer la présence de grains entiers dans les bouses. En revanche, la valorisation énergétique effective (calculée à partir des performances) des rations à base d’ensilage de maïs dépend de la nature et de l’importance de la complémentation énergétique.
Modifications du cholestérol et des acides gras de l’oeuf : bases physiologiques et nutritionnelles
Authors: HERMIER D. 
Published: July 2020

Malgré sa valeur nutritionnelle élevée, l’oeuf de consommation souffre d’une image négative liée en particulier à sa forte teneur en cholestérol (250 mg/jaune), facteur de risque primaire de l’athérosclérose. Le cholestérol est indispensable au développement de l’embryon de poulet, et il est donc très difficile de diminuer la quantité présente dans l’oeuf, que ce soit par des moyens génétiques, nutritionnels ou phamacologiques : la réduction maximale observée ne dépasse pas 30%, ce qui ne suffit pas à faire de l’oeuf un aliment "inoffensif" aux yeux des médecins et des consommateurs. A l’inverse, la majorité des lipides de l’oeuf se compose d’esters d’acides gras, parmi lesquels les acides gras polyinsaturés jouent un rôle structural et métabolique indispensable à nombre de fonctions physiologiques : intégrité des membranes cellulaires (en particulier cérébrales), processus de coagulation et d’inflammation, prévention de l’athérosclérose. Certains de ces acides gras ne peuvent être synthétisés par l’organisme et doivent être fournis par l’alimentation. En intervenant sur le régime des poules, il est très facile d’enrichir leurs oeufs en acides gras polyinsaturés et même de moduler, à la demande, les proportions de ces différents acides gras (n-6/n-3), afin d’en faire un aliment de choix pour certaines catégories de sujets à risque tels que les nouveau-nés, ou les patients hypercholestérolémiques.
Isolated Axillary Nerve Rupture due to Closed Nondislocating Injury of the Shoulder in Contact Sports
Authors: Kawano Kenichi , Hara Yukinori , Hoshikawa Shinya , Tajiri Yasuhito , Matsuura Hiroyoshi 
Published: July 2020

Case:
Axillary nerve rupture without shoulder joint fracture or dislocation in contact sports is very rare. To date, there has been no detailed report on such cases. We present 2 rare cases of axillary nerve rupture in contact sports who were successfully treated with free nerve grafting.

Conclusion:
In contact sports, the deltoid muscle is sometimes paralyzed temporarily after a collision. However, similar to our cases, the axillary nerve can be lacerated without fracture or dislocation. It is necessary to watch the course of paralysis carefully and consider nerve reconstruction if it does not recover.
Telemedicine and Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Lanham Nathan S. , Bockelman Kyle J. , McCriskin Brendan J. 
Published: July 2020

» Telemedicine can serve as a medium for patient evaluation, monitoring, and interpretation of diagnostic imaging and other tests.» Advantages of telemedicine include improved access to care, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency.» Challenges remain regarding more widespread adoption of telemedicine and involve reimbursement as well as regulatory support.» The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a paradigm shift in telemedicine that is here to stay.» Patient satisfaction is a key component of telemedicine and will drive its evolution.
Inequalities in Life Expectancy and All-Cause Mortality in the United States by Levels of Happiness and Life Satisfaction: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Lee Hyunjung , Singh Gopal K. 
Published: July 2020

Background: Despite having one of the highest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita levels, United States (US) ranks lower in subjective well-being, including happiness and life satisfaction, compared with European countries. Studies of the impact of happiness and life satisfaction on life expectancy and mortality in the US are limited or non-existent. Using a national longitudinal dataset, we examined the association between levels of happiness/life satisfaction and US life expectancy and all-cause mortality.
Methods: We analyzed the 2001 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) prospectively linked to 2001-2014 mortality records in the National Death Index (NDI) (N=30,377). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to model survival time as a function of happiness, life satisfaction, and sociodemographic and behavioral covariates.
Results: Life expectancies at age 18 among adults with high levels of happiness and life satisfaction were, respectively, 7.5 and 8.9 years higher compared to those with low levels of happiness and life satisfaction. In Cox models with 14 years of mortality follow-up, all-cause mortality risk was 82% higher (hazard ratio [HR]=1.82; 95% CI=1.59,2.08) in adults with little or no happiness, controlling for age, and 36% higher (HR=1.36; 95% CI=1.17,1.57) in adults with little/no happiness, controlling for sociodemographic, behavioral and health characteristics, when compared with adults reporting happiness all of the time. Mortality risk was 107% higher (HR=2.07; 95% CI=1.80,2.38) in adults who were very dissatisfied with their life, controlling for age, and 39% higher (HR=1.39; 95% CI=1.20,1.60) in adults who were very dissatisfied, controlling for all covariates, when compared with adults who were very satisfied.
Conclusions and Global Health Implications: Adults with higher happiness and life satisfaction levels had significantly higher life expectancy and lower all-cause mortality risks than those with lower happiness and satisfaction levels. These findings underscore the significance of addressing subjective well-being in the population as a strategy for reducing all-cause mortality.
Key words: • Inequalities • Disparities • Happiness • Life satisfaction • Life expectancy • Mortality • Longitudinal • Social determinants

Copyright © 2020 Lee and Singh. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
Racial Disparities of Black Americans Hospitalized for Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Spiewak Ted , Taefi Amir , Patel Shruti , Li Chin-Shang , Chak Eric 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Racial disparities have been reported in liver transplantation and chronic hepatitis C treatment outcomes. Determining causes of these disparities is important given the racially diverse American population and the economic burden associated with chronic liver disease. Methods: A retrospective study was performed among 463 patients diagnosed with cirrhosis admitted from (January 1, 2013 to January 1, 2018) to a tertiary care academic medical center. Patients were identified based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) for cirrhosis or its complications. Demographic information, laboratory data, medical comorbidities, insurance and adherence to cirrhosis quality care indicators were recorded to determine their relationship to readmission rates and other healthcare outcomes. Results: A total of 463 individual patients with cirrhosis were identified including Whites (n=241), Hispanics (n=106), Blacks (n=50), Asian and Pacific Islander Americans (API, n=27) and Other (n=39). A significantly higher proportion of Blacks had Medicaid insurance compared to Whites (40% versus 20%, p=0.0002) and Blacks had lower median income than Whites ($45,710 versus $54,844, p=0.01). All groups received high quality cirrhosis care. Regarding healthcare outcomes, Black patients had the highest mean total hospital admissions (6.1±6.3, p=0.01) and the highest mean number of 30-day re-admissions (2.1±3.7, p=0.05) compared to all other racial groups. Multivariable proportional odds regression analysis showed that race was a statistically significant predictor of 90-day readmission (p=0.03). Conclusions: Black Americans hospitalized for complications of cirrhosis may experience significant disparities in healthcare outcomes compared to Whites despite high quality cirrhosis care. Socioeconomic factors may contribute to these disparities. Trial Registration: Not applicable.
Navigating complexity of child abuse through intuition and evidence-based guidelines: a mix-methods study among child and youth healthcare practitioners
Authors: Erisman Jetske Charlotte , de Sabbata Kevin , Zuiderent-Jerak Teun , Syurina Elena V 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Dutch child and youth health care (CYHC) practitioners monitor and assess the well-being of children. One of their main concerns is identifying cases of child abuse, which is an arduous and sensitive task. In these contexts, CYHC-practitioners use both evidence-based guidelines aimed at increasing the quality of care through rationalised decision-making, and intuition. These two practices are seen as being at odds with each other, yet empirical research has shown that both are necessary in healthcare. This study aims to unravel how intuition is perceived and used by Dutch CYHC-practitioners when identifying and working with cases of child abuse, and how this relates to their evidence-based guidelines.Methods: A sequential exploratory mixed-methods design: in-depth semi-structured interviews with CYHC-physicians focused on perceptions on intuition, which were followed by a survey amongst CYHC-practitioners on the recognition and use of the concept.Results: The majority of CYHC-practitioners recognise and use intuition in their daily work, stating that it is necessary in their profession. CYHC-practitioners use intuition to 1) sense that something is ‘off’, 2) differentiate between ‘normal’ and ‘abnormal’, 3) assess risks, 4) weigh secondary information and 5) communicate with parents. At the same time, they warn of its dangers, as it may lead to ‘tunnel vision’ and false accusations. Conclusion: Intuition is experienced as an integral part of the work of CYHC-practitioners. It is understood as particularly useful in cases of child abuse, which are inherently complex, as signs and evidence of abuse are often hidden, subtle and unique in each case. CYHC-practitioners use intuition to manage and navigate this complexity. There is an opportunity for guidelines to support reflection and intuition as a ‘good care’ practice.
Mechanism of LIN28B in trophoblastic villous cells of unexplained recurrent abortion
Authors: Huang QiaoYao , Niu YanRu , Song LiJun , Huang JinZhi , Wang Chenxi , ma tianzhong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: LIN28B plays an important role in early embryonic development, but its role in villous trophoblast implantation and differentiation remains unknown. To verify the role of LIN28B in trophoblastic villous tissue and cells from women with URSA(unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion)and artificial termination of pregnancy (negative control, NC). Methods:The Lin28b gene and its protein expression level were detected with real-time quantitative PCR, Western immunoblotting analysis, and immunocytochemistry. The gene was also overexpressed in chorionic villous cell lines (HTR-8/SVneo and BeWo) to examine its effect on trophoblast function.Results: The expression of LIN28B mRNA and protein of URSA villi was lower than that in the NC group. At the cellular level, overexpression of LIN28B enhanced cellular migration, and invasion, and inhibited apoptosis. LIN28B may inhibit apoptosis by promoting Akt phosphorylation and by inhibiting Bad phosphorylation and Bcl-2 expression. In addition, LIN28B inhibited cell fusion and reduced cellular syncytia. Conclusions: LIN28B can inhibit cell proliferation, invasion and migration in vitro, and promote apoptosis and fusion. The low expression of LIN28B in URSA villous trophoblast cells may be one of the causes of abortion. The role of LIN28B in villous trophoblasts needs further study.
Intentional Carbofuran Poisoning in 7 dogs
Authors: Pivariu Dalma , Oros Adrian Nechita , Tabaran Flaviu , Gal Adrian , Martonos Cristian , Nagy Andras Laszlo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Carbofuran is a widely used broad-spectrum pesticide that, despite strict regulation and being banned for more than a decade, is still encountered in cases of intentional poisoning in dogs and wildlife. The objective of the study was to provide a complete and detailed description of the pathological, histological and toxicological findings of 7 cases of intentional carbofuran poisoning in dogs.

Results: In this retrospective study, 7 cases of carbofuran intoxication recorded from July 2015 to June 2017 were analyzed. Following complete history recording, all cases were examined by complete necropsy and histopathology. Carbofuran intoxication was confirmed in all cases by gas chromatography. The postmortem examination revealed extensive hemorrhaging and congestion located mainly within the respiratory, nervous and cardiovascular systems, accompanied by degeneration and necrosis within the lungs, heart, and kidneys.

Conclusions: Although carbamates have been banned in the European Union, carbamate poisoning is still frequently encountered, especially in wild animals. This paper will contribute to a better understanding of the occurrence and pathogenesis of acute carbofuran exposure in dogs and contribute some peculiar pathological features of this type of poisoning to the current literature.
El Niño Southern Oscillation as an early warning tool for dengue outbreak in India
Authors: Pramanik Malay K. , Singh Poonam , Kumar Gaurav , Ojha Vijay Prakash , Dhiman Ramesh C. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Dengue is rapidly expanding climate-sensitive mosquito-borne disease worldwide. Outbreaks of dengue occur in various parts of India as well but there is no tool to provide early warning. The current study was, therefore, undertaken to find out the link between El Niño, precipitation, and dengue cases, which could help in early preparedness for control of dengue.Methods: Data on Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) was extracted from CPC-IRI (USA) while the data on monthly rainfall was procured from India Meteorological Department. Data on annual dengue cases was taken from the website of National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP). Correlation analysis was used to analyse the relationship between seasonal positive ONI, rainfall index and dengue case index based on past 20 years’ state-level data. The dengue case index representing ‘relative deviation from mean’ was correlated to the three months average ONI. The computed r values of dengue case index and positive ONI were further interpreted using GIS software to generate spatial correlation map. The short-term (1 year) prediction of dengue probability map has been prepared based on phase-wise (El Niño, La Niña, and Neutral) 20 years averaged ONI.Results: A high correlation between positive ONI and dengue incidence was found, particularly in the states of Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Delhi, Daman and Diu. On the other hand, the states like Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa, and Andhra Pradesh shown negative correlation between summer El Niño and dengue incidence. Two –three month lag was found between monthly ‘rainfall index’ and dengue cases at local-scale analysis.Conclusion: The generated map signifies the spatial correlation between positive ONI and dengue case index, indicating positive correlation in the central part, while negative correlation in some coastal, northern, and north-eastern part of India. The findings offer a tool for early preparedness for undertaking intervention measures against dengue by the national programme at state level. For further improvement of results, study at micro-scale (district) for finding month-wise association with Indian Ocean Dipole and local weather variables is desired for better explanation of dengue outbreaks in the states with ‘no association’.
Curiouser and curiouser: Meta-analysis of venom toxicity of 160 lethal ophidian species shows extraordinary variance, and falsifies common assumptions, providing a basis for estimating human lethal doses.
Authors: Hanley Brian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: This is the first meta-analysis to characterize intra-ophidian-species variation in whole venom. The largest meta-analysis possible at this time, it encompasses all known publicly available records of animal lethality studies over the past 100 years. These results are not artifacts of resistant test-animal-species, and show orders of magnitude beyond the 1.6 logs (40 fold change) range of lethal dose documented in literature between amphibians, lizards and mice. Methods: 1005 lethal dose study results for 160 of the most lethal venomous ophidian species in the world are analyzed. Results: LDLo does not differentiate from LD50 across studies, indicating the true range of toxicity is probably larger. The belief that for route of inoculation, IC<IV<IP<IM<SC has good support (R2 = 0.86). However, 8% of SC inoculations were the lowest (most toxic) dose. Within the mouse test species, for one route of inoculation, the mean LD range is 0.94 logs (8.89 fold change), and widest LD range is 2.15 logs (141 fold change, N = 26). Within 1 test species, for multiple routes of inoculation, mean LD range is 2.0 logs (98.97 fold change), and the widest LD range is 3.6 logs (4,150 fold change). For all test species and all routes of inoculation, the mean LD range is 2.97 logs (936.59 fold change) and widest LD range is 4.76 logs (57,471 fold change). The strongest correlate for range of lethal dose results is the number of studies (R2 = 0.56). The average variance appears to follow a power law from single test species and route, to single test species and multiple routes, to all test species and all routes, as a factor of 10 multiple for each. Conclusions: Scientists working with humans should use combined LDLo and LD50 meta-datasets for all data and calculate: mean, median, minimum, range, and standard deviations. Standard deviation multiples, or at minimum, standard error, will provide desired coverage. For estimating LD50 range and minimum lethal dose for species with little data, I recommend curating a meta-dataset of related snakes, and computational research to strengthen this.