bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internet of Things data analytics for parking availability prediction and guidance
Authors: Atif Yacine , Kharrazi Sogol , Jianguo Ding , Andler Sten F. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCutting‐edge sensors and devices are increasingly deployed within urban areas to make‐up the fabric of transmission control protocol/internet protocol connectivity driven by Internet of Things (IoT). This immersion into physical urban environments creates new data streams, which could be exploited to deliver novel cloud‐based services. Connected vehicles and road‐infrastructure data are leveraged in this article to build applications that alleviate notorious parking and induced traffic‐congestion issues. To optimize the utility of parking lots, our proposed SmartPark algorithm employs a discrete Markov‐chain model to demystify the future state of a parking lot, by the time a vehicle is expected to reach it. The algorithm features three modular sections. First, a search process is triggered to identify the expected arrival‐time periods to all parking lots in the targeted central business district (CBD) area. This process utilizes smart‐pole data streams reporting congestion rates across parking area junctions. Then, a predictive analytics phase uses consolidated historical data about past parking dynamics to infer a state‐transition matrix, showing the transformation of available spots in a parking lot over short periods of time. Finally, this matrix is projected against similar future seasonal periods to figure out the actual vacancy‐expectation of a lot. The performance evaluation over an actual busy CBD area in Stockholm (Sweden) shows increased scalability capabilities, when further parking resources are made available, compared to a baseline case algorithm. Using standard urban‐mobility simulation packages, the traffic‐congestion‐aware SmartPark is also shown to minimize the journey duration to the selected parking lot while maximizing the chances to find an available spot at the selected lot.
Research of extraction behavior of heavy metal Cd in tea based on backpropagation neural network
Authors: Guan Chengli , Yang Yue 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn order to meet the increasing demand for food and beverage safety and quality, this study focused on the application of a back propagation (BP) neural network to determine the leaching rate of heavy metal in tea to improve the scientific health of tea drinking. The evaluation index and target expectations have been determined based on the extraction experiment of heavy metal Cd in tea soaking, with 3 evaluation index values taken as input layer parameters and the heavy metal extraction rate taken as output layer parameter. Then, employ the sample data standardized by min‐max linearization method to train and test the network model and get the satisfactory results, which showed that the constructed BP neural network expressed a fast convergence speed and the systematic error was as low as 0.0003509. Additionally, there was no significance between Cd leaching rate of experimental results and neural network model results by reliability testing with a correlation coefficient was .9895. These results revealed that the network model established possessed an outstanding training accuracy and generalization performance, which effectively reflected the extraction rate of heavy metal in tea soaking and improved the safety of tea drinking.
Changes in summer diatom composition and water quality in urban lakes within a metropolitan area in central China
Authors: Liang Jia , Huang Chunling , Stevenson Mark A. , Qiao Qianglong , Zeng Linghan , Chen Xu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractUrbanization is altering water quality and biotic communities of lake ecosystems worldwide, especially in developing regions. In this study, the diatom community structure and water quality of the epilimnion were analyzed in 38 lakes (40 sampling sites) in Wuhan City (central China) to assess the impacts of urbanization on lake ecosystems. Diatom communities displayed clear variation along the urban‐to‐rural gradient, with blooms of eutrophic species found in urban lakes in contrast to higher abundances of mesotrophic or oligotrophic taxa in rural lakes. Redundancy analyses revealed that the diatom community recognition to species, genus, and ecological guild level were all significantly correlated with Chla, Si, and secchi depth, indicating that the changes in diatom communities were mainly explained by differences in nutrient concentrations and light condition. Considering the rapid urbanization and population expansion, it is important to carry out effective measures for the protection of these lake ecosystems, especially by reducing sewage discharge. The high consistency found between diatom community classification and water quality status highlights the applicability of diatoms for bioindication of shallow urban lakes, especially in rapidly developing cities. Even the taxonomic determination at the level of genera or ecological guilds can enable rapid water‐quality assessment.
The role of policy in social–ecological interactions of nitrogen management in the Mississippi River basin
Authors: Salk Kateri R. , Denny Riva C. H. , Greif Jake 
Published: January 2020

AbstractExcess nitrogen (N) loading in the Mississippi River basin is a major water quality issue, encompassing large spatial scales and feedbacks between social and biophysical entities. Effective management depends on reductions in agricultural N loading, mainly from the Corn Belt region in the upper reaches of the basin. In this study, we evaluated the role of federal Nutrient Task Force policy on N management from 2000 to 2015. We analyzed trends in nitrate (NO3−) concentrations from monitoring data in 148 priority watersheds. We compared water quality trends with state nutrient reduction strategies, monitoring efforts, and land use. Of the 148 watersheds, 13 displayed a significant decrease in NO3− concentrations, 24 displayed a significant increase, 51 displayed a nonsignificant trend, and 60 had insufficient data to analyze. We demonstrate that policy efforts on a large scale are slow to establish, but states and watersheds that showed signs of policy acting successfully could serve as examples for improved N management moving forward. Despite considerable variability, states with the most comprehensive strategies, evidenced by word count and presence of recommended elements, were almost exclusively located in the Corn Belt region. States with more thorough nutrient reduction strategies also tended to have a larger number of monitoring sites in priority watersheds (R = .42), demonstrating the potential for adaptive management. States with the most consistent improvements in NO3− concentrations tended to have the most comprehensive policies, whereas variation in water quality trends was partly attributed to land use factors including slope and dominance of corn (Zea mays L.) and soy [Glycine max (L.) Merr.].
An exploration of genetic counseling information needs and information‐seeking behaviors
Authors: Donahue Amy E. , Hall April L. , Petty Elizabeth M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGenetic counseling is a rapidly growing field with increasingly diverse practice settings. The growth of genomics and precision medicine across all medical specialties has been accompanied by corresponding growth in the amount of information available to genetic counselors. However, few published studies on genetic counseling information needs and seeking behaviors exist, and none look at information use across the profession. Meanwhile, a substantial body of research exists on this topic for other healthcare professionals, providing an evidence base supporting profession‐tailored information‐related services and resources. The purpose of this cross‐sectional study was to explore genetic counseling information needs and seeking behaviors and to compare these needs and seeking behaviors across genetic counseling students and genetic counselors broadly, as well as to explore differences across various professional subgroups of genetic counselors. Genetic counselors and genetic counseling students were recruited via the National Society of Genetic Counselors and accredited genetic counseling programs to complete an online survey assessing information needs and seeking behaviors. Respondents were asked how often they used 70 different resources; whether 16 specific situations required additional information and how long it would take to get it and about specific barriers to obtaining that information. The results included a range of observations, including that GeneReviews and PubMed are frequently used resources across all respondents, that genetic counselors working 0–5 years are significantly more likely to need additional information when counseling patients from different cultural backgrounds than those working 6+ years, and that not having enough time is a common barrier to getting information across various situations. These results provide initial evidence to guide additional study on the efficient use and provision of information within the genetic counseling field.
Cervical neoplastic lesions in relation to CD4 T‐lymphocyte counts and antiretroviral therapy among women with clinical stage 1 HIV in Yunnan, China
Authors: Zhang Dong‐Yu , Chen Wen , Zhang Hong‐Yun , Lv Song‐Qin , Lu Xiao‐Ning , Tao Yan‐Ping , Zhang Mi , Liu Jia‐Fa , Yang Min , Qiao You‐Lin , Braithwaite Dejana 
Published: January 2020

AbstractChina lacks data demonstrating associations of cervical neoplastic lesions with CD4 T‐lymphocyte (CD4 cell) counts and antiretroviral therapy (ART) among HIV‐infected women, suggesting relevant investigations are needed. A total of 545 HIV‐infected women were enrolled in Yunnan, China, between 2011 and 2013. CD4 cell counts and ART were measured via medical records and cervical neoplastic lesions were measured by professional pathologists. Multivariable logistic models, which treated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1+ and CIN2+ as outcomes, calculated adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of CD4 cell counts and ART. Subgroup analysis treating CIN1+ as the outcome was conducted by HIV infection duration (<4 vs ≥4 years), ethnicity (Han vs non‐Han), and study site (Mangshi vs Kunming). The prevalence of CIN1+ and CIN2+ was 17.4% and 7.3%, respectively. Overall, 243 (44.6%) women had CD4 cell counts ≥500 cell/μL, 187 (34.3%) used ART for less than 2 years, and 236 (43.3%) used ART for at least 2 years. We found inverse associations of CIN1+ with CD4 cell counts (≥500 compared to <500 cells/μL: aOR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.27‐0.79) and ART use (<2 years: aOR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.21‐0.87; ≥2 years: aOR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.27‐1.10). Point estimates did not change substantially for CIN2+ but aORs of ART became nonsignificant. No significant interaction was observed for HIV infection duration. We found significant interaction between CD4 cell counts and ethnicity and study site in relation to CIN1+. Our study suggests potential protective effects of high CD4 cell counts against cervical neoplastic lesions among HIV‐infected women, whereas associations of ART are less consistent.
Loss of myeloid‐specific lamin A/C drives lung metastasis through Gfi‐1 and C/EBPε‐mediated granulocytic differentiation
Authors: Ishii Hiroki , Park Woo‐Yong , So Jaeyoung , Kuhn Skyler , Koparde Vishal N. , Pang Yanli , Greten Tim F. , Hollander M. Christine , Yang Li 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe immune‐suppressive tumor microenvironment promotes metastatic spread and outgrowth. One of the major contributors is tumor‐associated myeloid cells. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating their differentiation and function are not well understood. Here we report lamin A/C, a nuclear lamina protein associated with chromatin remodeling, was one of the critical regulators in cellular reprogramming of tumor‐associated myeloid cells. Using myeloid‐specific lamin A/C knockout mice and triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) mouse models, we discovered that the loss of lamin A/C drives CD11b+Ly6G+ granulocytic lineage differentiation, alters the production of inflammatory chemokines, decreases host antitumor immunity, and increases metastasis. The underlying mechanisms involve an increased H3K4me3 leading to the upregulation of transcription factors (TFs) Gfi‐1 and C/EBPε. Decreased lamin A/C and increased Gfi‐1 and C/EBPε were also found in the granulocytic subset in the peripheral blood of human cancer patients. Our data provide a mechanistic understanding of myeloid lineage differentiation and function in the immune‐suppressive microenvironment in TNBC metastasis.
Oscillating steady‐state imaging (OSSI): A novel method for functional MRI
Authors: Guo Shouchang , Noll Douglas C. 
Published: January 2020

PurposeSignal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) is crucial for high‐resolution fMRI; however, current methods for SNR improvement are limited. A new approach, called oscillating steady‐state imaging (OSSI), produces a signal that is large and ‐weighted, and is demonstrated to produce improved SNR compared to gradient echo (GRE) imaging with matched effective TE and spatial‐temporal acquisition characteristics for high‐resolution fMRI.MethodsQuadratic phase sequences were combined with balanced gradients to produce a large, oscillating steady‐state signal. The quadratic phase progression was periodic over short intervals such as 10 TRs, inducing a frequency‐dependent phase dispersal. Images over one period were combined to produce a single image with effectively ‐weighting. The OSSI parameters were explored through simulation and phantom data, and 2D and 3D human fMRI data were collected using OSSI and GRE imaging.ResultsPhantom and human OSSI data showed highly reproducible signal oscillations with greater signal strength than GRE. Compared to single slice GRE with matched effective TE and spatial‐temporal resolution, OSSI yielded more activation in the visual cortex by a factor of 1.84 and an improvement in temporal SNR by a factor of 1.83. Voxelwise percentage change comparisons between OSSI and GRE demonstrate a similar ‐weighted contrast mechanism with additional ‐weighting of about 15 ms immediately after the RF pulse.ConclusionsOSSI is a new acquisition method that exploits a large, oscillating signal that is ‐weighted and suitable for fMRI. The steady‐state signal from balanced gradients creates higher signal strength than single slice GRE at varying TEs, enabling greater volumes of functional activity and higher SNR for high‐resolution fMRI.
Highly conductive and stable anion‐exchange membranes based on crosslinked poly(arylene ether sulfone)‐block‐poly(phenylene oxide) Networks
Authors: Peng Jinwu , Liu Zhenchao , Liang Minhui , Wang Peng , Hu Wei , Jiang Zhenhua , Liu Baijun 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIn the field of the developments of next‐generation polymer electrolyte membranes, high conductivity is often regarded as the first important performance requirement. There is still a huge challenge to face, which is hard to achieve the balance between high ion conductivity (mainly related to ion‐exchange capacity [IEC]) and good mechanical‐dimensional stability (represented by swelling ratio [SR]). Here, a family of crosslinked block polyelectrolytes consisting of hydrophobic rigid poly(arylene ether sulfone) segments to ensure enough dimensional stability and hydrophilic poly(phenylene oxide) segments bearing long‐flexible chains with high‐density multications to serve as crosslinker and carrier for ion transport are prepared. The polyelectrolyte with an IEC of  3.04 mmol g−1 exhibits a high hydroxide conductivity of 126 mS cm−1 and a low SR of 8.6% at 80 °C. No obvious degradation below 200 °C is observed, and maximum tensile strength reaches 28.4 MPa. As a conclusion, these crosslinked membranes based on well‐designed block polyelectrolytes exhibit an excellent combination of high ion conductivity and good mechanical‐dimensional stability to meet the performance requirements for the application of anion‐exchange membranes. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020, 58, 391–401
Optimizing the monomer structure of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane for ion transport in hybrid organic–inorganic block copolymers
Authors: Gao Kevin W. , Jiang Xi , Hoffman Zach J. , Sethi Gurmukh K. , Chakraborty Saheli , Villaluenga Irune , Balsara Nitash P. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTPoly(ethylene oxide)‐b‐polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (PEO–POSS) mixed with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt is a nanostructured hybrid organic–inorganic block copolymer electrolyte that may enable lithium metal batteries. The synthesis and characteristics of three PEO–POSS block copolymer electrolytes which only differ by their POSS silica cage substituents (ethyl, isobutyl, and isooctyl) is reported. Changing the POSS monomer structure results in differences in both thermodynamics and ion transport. All three neat polymers exhibit lamellar morphologies. Adding salt results in the formation of a disordered window which closes and gives way to lamellae at higher salt concentrations. The width of disordered window decreases with increasing length of the POSS alkyl chain substituent from ethyl to isobutyl and is absent in the isooctyl sample. Rheological measurements demonstrate good mechanical rigidity when compared with similar all‐organic block copolymers. While salt diffusion coefficient and current ratio are unaffected by substituent length, ionic conductivity increases as the length of the alkyl chain substituent decreases: the ethyl substituent is optimal for ion transport. This is surprising because conventional wisdom suggests that ion transport occurs primarily in the PEO‐rich domains, that is, ion transport should be unaffected by substituent length after accounting for the minor change in conducting phase volume fraction. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2020 © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020, 58, 363–371
Candida albicans biofilm inactivated by cold plasma treatment in vitro and in vivo
Authors: He Mengwen , Duan Jiangwei , Xu Jialu , Ma Mingyu , Chai Bao , He Guangyuan , Gan Lu , Zhang Song , Duan Xiaoru , Lu Xinpei , Chen Hongxiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFungal infections induced by Candida albicans have increased worldwide due to emerging resistance to antifungal agents, which is largely caused by biofilm formation. Thus, a new and effective antimicrobial strategy is urgently required in treatment of C. albicans biofilm‐associated infections. In this study, the inactivation effects of cold plasma treatment for C. albicans biofilm are assessed in vitro and in vivo. In vitro studies indicate that C. albicans in suspension and the C. albicans biofilm are inactivated significantly by plasma treatment. In vivo studies indicate that plasma treatment achieves the best antifungal effect with an optimal dose (4 min in this case), as excessive plasma treatment damages the normal tissues and thus induces aggravation of infection compared to the 4‐min group.
Insights into switchable thermoresponsive copolymer layers by atmospheric pressure plasma‐initiated chemical vapour deposition
Authors: Moreno‐Couranjou Maryline , Loyer François , Grysan Patrick , Boscher Nicolas D. , Choquet Patrick 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, the upscalable, substrate‐independent, and patterning characteristics of the atmospheric pressure plasma‐initiated chemical vapour deposition technique are demonstrated for the synthesis of thermoresponsive copolymer layers from N‐vinylcaprolactam (NVCL) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA). An analytical multitool approach is exploited to gain insight into the chemical and mechanical surface properties of p(NVCL‐co‐EGDMA) layers and bovine serum albumin protein–surface interactions. Atomic force microscopy measurements carried out in both liquid and dehydrated conditions, reveal strong temperature‐dependent stiffness changes. The swelling and dehydration processes of the layer, monitored by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM‐D), are reversible and durable with a lower critical solution temperature estimated at around 27°C. Finally, by combining QCM‐D and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses, the switchable bovine serum albumin‐biofouling surface properties, triggered by temperature changes, are demonstrated.
Pediatric obesity‐related asthma: A prototype of pediatric severe non‐T2 asthma
Authors: Rastogi Deepa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractChildhood obesity contributes to many diseases, including asthma. There is literature to suggest that asthma developing as a consequence of obesity has a nonallergic or non‐T2 phenotype. In this review, obesity‐related asthma is utilized as a prototype of non‐T2 asthma in children to discuss several nonallergic mechanisms that underlie childhood asthma. Obesity‐related asthma is associated with systemic T helper (Th)1 polarization occurring with monocyte activation. These immune responses are mediated by insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity, that are themselves associated with pulmonary function deficits in obese asthmatics. As in other multifactorial diseases, there is both a genetic and an environmental contribution to pediatric obesity‐related asthma. In addition to genetic susceptibility, differential DNA methylation is associated with non‐T2 immune responses in pediatric obesity‐related asthma. Initial investigations into the biology of non‐T2 immune responses have identified the upregulation of genes in the CDC42 pathway. CDC42 is a RhoGTPase that plays a key role in Th cell physiology, including preferential naïve Th cell differentiation to Th1 cells, and cytokine production and exocytosis. Although these novel pathways are promising findings to direct targeted therapy development for obesity‐related asthma to address the disease burden, there is evidence to suggest that dietary interventions, including diet modification, rather than caloric restriction alone, decrease disease burden. Adoption of a diet rich in micronutrients, including carotenoids and 25‐OH cholecalciferol, a vitamin D metabolite, may be beneficial since these are positively correlated with pulmonary function indices, while being protective against metabolic abnormalities associated with the obese asthma phenotype.