bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Protein and Productive Efficiency Profile of Locally Produced Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus) in Broiler
Authors: Ullah Muhammad Irfan , Ijaz Muhammad Umar , Hussain Ghulam , Faisal Muhammad Naeem , Rasul Azhar , Bukhari Shazia Anwer , Mustafa Imtiaz , Anwar Haseeb 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster) is a worldwide used mushroom, known to have a wide range of nutrients. Effects of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Oyster and its isolated proteins on the production profiles and bio health markers in broiler birds were evaluated in the present research. Methods: Four hundred and twenty, day-old Ross-308 broiler birds were distributed into seven groups with sixty number of birds in each group (N=60). Each group was divided into three subgroups with twenty number of birds in each subgroup (N=20). The first group was selected as control (CONT) with no treatment and other six groups were supplemented orally with the mushroom protein at a dose of 200 (Pr200) and 400mg/Kg BW (Pr400), an aqueous extract of mushroom at a dose of 200 (Aq200) and 400mg/Kg BW (Aq400) and ethanolic extract of mushroom at a dose of 200 (Eth200) and 400mg/Kg BW (Eth400) respectively. On day 28th of the experiment, 1st sub-group of each group was evaluated for cell-mediated immunity by assessing the lymphoproliferative reaction to Phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P; Toe web assay) and the humoral immune reaction was evaluated in the 2nd subgroup of each group by antibody reaction to sheep red blood cells (sRBCs; Hemagglutination assay). On day 42, serum was separated by slaughtering (decapitation) all the birds and evaluated for the oxidative stress, lipid profile, blood glucose level, and immune parameters. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tuckey range tests, and geometric mean titer (GMT) was used to statistically analyze the results. Results: The Eth400 birds showed significantly (P<0.05) higher cell-mediated immune response (1.1±0.04 mm) and humoral immune response (49.31±0.03 mm) in comparison with the control group. Birds supplemented with mushroom extracts and protein revealed significantly greater growth performance, maximum in Eth400, in terms of feed conversion ratios (FCR; 1.44±0.002) when compared with the control group (1.7±0.01). Conclusion: Different parameters to evaluate oxidative stress showed that the mushroom extracts and its protein reduced the oxidative stress in the treated groups being maximum in Eth400. Conclusively, the oyster mushroom has health promoting effects in term of production profile, as immunomodulator and antioxidant in broiler poultry.
Antimicrobial and Transconjugants Characteristics of Sul3 Positive Escherichia Coli Isolated from Animals in Nanning, Guangxi Province
Authors: Li Zheng , Chen Yunru , Zhang Geyin , Li Qingmei , Sun Junying , Yang Yunqiao , Si Hongbin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Sulfonamides is the second most popular antibiotic in many countries, which leads to the widespread emergence of sulfonamides resistance. Sul3 is a late sulfanilamide resistance gene, whose research is relatively little. Result: 46 sul3 positive E. coli strains were separated. A total of 12 ST types were observed, and 1 of those was previously unknown type. The ST350 is the most numerous type. All isolates were multidrug-resistant E. coli, with high antimicrobial rates to penicillin, ceftriaxone sodium, streptomycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin and chloramphenicol (100%, 73.9%, 82.6%, 100%, 80.4%, 71.7% and 97.8%), and with at least 3 resistance genes in addition to sul3. The plasmids transfered from 3 sul3-positive isolates to C600, the most of which brought 7 antibiotic resistance and increased resistance genes to C600. The transferred sul3 gene and the plasmid that carries it could be stably inherited in the recipient bacteria for at least 20 days. Those plasmids had no effect on the growth of the recipient bacteria, but it would greatly reduce (at least 60 time) the in vitro competitiveness of the strains. Conclusions: In Nanning, these sul3-positive Escherichia coli have strong antimicrobial resistance, and the plasmid carrying sul3 has the ability to transfer multiple resistance genes, so long-term monitoring is necessary. Since the transferred plasmid will greatly reduce the in vitro competitiveness of the strain, we can consider limiting the spread of antimicrobial in this respect.
Evaluation of Definitive Chemoradiotherapy Versus Radical Esophagectomy in Clinical T1bN0M0 Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Haneda Ryoma , Booka Eisuke , Ishii Kenjiro , Kikuchi Hirotoshi , Hiramatsu Yoshihiro , Kamiya Kinji , Ogawa Hirofumi , Yasui Hirofumi , Takeuchi Hiroya , Tsubosa Yasuhiro 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The standard treatment for patients with clinical T1bN0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is radical esophagectomy. Definitive chemoradiotherapy is regarded as a treatment option, and good clinical outcome of this treatment has been reported. This study compared the efficacy of definitive chemoradiotherapy with radical esophagectomy.Methods: From January 2011 to December 2019, this study enrolled 68 consecutive patients. Patients were classified into two groups whether treated by surgery or definitive chemoradiotherapy. Survival outcome were compared and subsequent therapies after recurrence were also investigated.Results: Surgery was performed to 39 patients, and 29 patients received definitive chemoradiotherapy. No significant difference was noted in overall survival between two groups. However, the rate of 5-year recurrence free survival was significantly lower in definitive chemoradiotherapy group than that of surgery group (91.1% vs. 62.7%, Hazard ratio 3.976, 95% Confidence interval 1.076-14.696, p = 0.039). Patients who had local recurrence after definitive chemoradiotherapy received endoscopic submucosal dissection or photodynamic therapy as salvage therapies, and resulted in no disease progression and a good prognosis.Conclusions: Definitive chemoradiotherapy may become a promising alternative therapy comparable with radical esophagectomy in patients with clinical T1bN0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Early detection of recurrence by frequent follow-up after definitive chemoradiotherapy is important to control disease within local recurrence, and salvage therapy for local lesions could contribute to long-term survival.
Design of A Nationwide Registry-Research-Education Project for Quality Improvement: The China Heart Failure Surgery Registry (China-HFSR)
Authors: Tang Hanwei , Chen Kai , Hou Jianfeng , Huang Xiaohong , Liu Sheng , Hu Shengshou 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The case of cardiovascular surgeries for patients with heart failure (HF) patients is likely to increase in the future. However, little is known about its current status in the Asia Pacific Region. The China-HFSR is a national project that aims to timely obtain real-world knowledge about the cardiac surgeries in HF patients, provide the platform for clinical research, and finally properly guide the subsequent administrative measures and the effort for quality improvement efforts in China. This paper reports on the design of this database and provides an overview of the participating sites.Methods: We established a network of participating sites with an adult cardiac surgery volume of more than 100 operations per year. Heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (EF, <50%) are included. Clinical data, treatments, outcomes and follow up data are collected at local centers electronically, with a standardized set of variables and standard definitions, and rigorous control on data quality. Results: In total, 13,234 patient records from 94 hospitals were submitted from January 2012 to December 2016. The mean age of patients was 58.0 + 11.0 years with 26.9% female and the mean preoperative EF was 42.3 + 5.4%. Coronary artery bypass surgery is the leading procedure (61.2%, 8,090/13,234) and 90% patients (11,904/13,234) received on-pump surgery with median bypass time in 116 minutes. The overall complication rate was 10.2% (1,345/13,234) and in-hospital mortality rate was 4.1% (541/13,234). The median hospital stay was 23 days. Re-intubation (2.7%, 363/13,234), renal failure (2.2%, 294/13,234) and re-operation (3.0%, 397/13234) were the most common complications.Conclusion: China-HFSR provides a comprehensive insight into the clinical features of cardiac surgery in HF patients in China. As the database continues to expand, it will facilitate future research projects, establish benchmarking standards, and identify potential areas for prevention and quality improvements.
Impacts of interannual climate and biophysical variability on global agriculture markets
Authors: Zhao Xin , Calvin Katherine , Wise Marshall , Patel Pralit , Snyder Abigail , Waldhoff Stephanie , Hejazi Mohamad , Edmonds James 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Most studies assessing climate impacts on agriculture have focused on average changes in market-mediated responses (e.g., changes in land use, production, and consumption). However, the response of global agricultural markets to interannual variability in climate and biophysical shocks is poorly understood and not well represented in global economic models. Here we show a strong transmission of interannual variations in climate-induced biophysical yield shocks to agriculture markets, which is further magnified by endogenous market fluctuations generated due to producers’ imperfect expectations of market and weather conditions. We demonstrate that the volatility of crop prices and consumption could be significantly underestimated (i.e., on average by 55% and 41%, respectively) by assuming perfect foresight, a standard assumption in the economic equilibrium modeling, compared with the relatively more realistic adaptive expectations. We also find heterogeneity in interannual variability across crops and regions, which is considerably mediated by international trade.
General Practitioner Residents and Patients End-of Life: Involvement and Consequences
Authors: Haardt Victoire , Cambriel Amélie , Hubert Sidonie , Tran Marc , Bruel Cédric , philippart francois 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The ageing of the population and the increased number of chronicle diseases are associated with an increased frequency of end of life care in hospital settings. Residents rotating in hospital wards play a major part in their care, regardless of their specialty. General practitioner (GP) residents are confronted to such activities in hospital settings during their training.Our aim was to know how they feel about this kind of work, very different from the one they are training to do.MethodWe surveyed all GP trainees of “Ile de France”. The survey was made of 41 questions regarding advanced directives divided in 7 sections about patients’ care, communication, mentoring and repercussion on personal life. The survey was done one time, during two pre-specified days. Results:525 residents (53.8%) accepted to fulfill the survey. 74.1% of the residents thought that palliative care could have been better. Possible ways of improvements were unreasonable obstinacy (59.6%), patient’s (210 answers, 40%) relative’s communication (199 answers 37.9%). Residents also reported a lack of knowledge regarding end-of-life care specific treatments (411 answers, 79.3%) and 298 (47.2%) wished for better mentoring. Those difficulties were associated with repercussion on their private life (353 answers, 67.2%), particularly with their close relatives (55.4%). Finally, 56.2% of trainees thought that a systematic psychological follow up should be instituted for those working in “at risk” hospital settings. Conclusion:Self-perception management of dying patients by MG resident emphasize their lack of training and supervision. The feeling of suboptimal care is associated with consequences on personal life.
Estrogen Receptor-negative/progesterone Receptor-positive and Her-2 Negative Breast Cancer Might No Longer Be Classified as Hormone Receptor Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Zheng Hongjuan , Ge Chenyang , Lin Haiping , Wu Lunpo , Wang Qinghua , Zhou Shishi , Tang Wanfen , Zhang Xia , Jin Xiayun , Xu Xifeng , Hong Zhongwu , Fu Jianfei , Du Jinlin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The estrogen receptor (ER)-negative/progesterone receptor (PR)-positive (sPR positive) phenotype is an infrequent and independent biological entity. However, the prognosis of patients with sPR positive and her-2 negative phenotype is still controversial, and it is not always easy to decide treatment strategies for them.Methods: Patients during 2010–2014 were identified from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate cancer-specific survival (CSS). The propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to balance differences of characteristics in groups. The Life-Table method was used to calculate 5-year CSS rates and the annual hazard rate of death (HRD). Results: A total of 97,527 patients were included, and only 745 (0.76%) patients were sPR positive phenotype. The majority of sPR positive breast cancer were basal-like subtype. Survival analysis showed that the sPR positive breast cancer had similar prognosis comparing to ER-negative/PR-negative (dHR negative) breast cancer, and had the highest HRD during the initial 1-2 years of follow-up, then maintained the HRD of almost zero during the late years of follow-up. Conclusions: The patients with sPR positive and her-2 negative breast cancer, similar to dHR negative breast cancer, had a worse survival, and could benefit from chemotherapy significantly. However, the escalating endocrine therapy was not recommended for sPR positive patients. The patients with sPR positive should be excluded from future clinical trials concerning endocrine therapy.
Long non-coding RNA FTX predicts a poor prognosis of human cancers: a meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Weiwei , Li Yuting , Guo Liliangzi , Zhang Chenxing , Tang Shaohui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Several studies assessed the relationship between FTX expression level and clinicopathological features and survival outcomes in patients with cancer, but these results were conflicting. This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize existing data to clarify the association of FTX with prognosis of cancers.
Methods
Electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, Chinese CNKI, and the Chinese WanFang databases were used to search for relevant studies. Role of FTX in cancers was evaluated by pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
In total, 11 studies compromising 1210 participants including colorectal cancer (CRC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gastric cancer (GC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), osteosarcoma (OSC), and glioma, were enrolled in this analysis. The meta-analysis showed that high FTX expression was associated with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, tumor size and TNM/clinical stage. More importantly, the pooled results from survival analysis revealed that there was a significant correlation between high FTX expression and a shorter OS in patients with HCC, CRC, GC, OSC, and glioma, and that FTX overexpression could be an independent predictive marker for shorter OS in patients with CRC, HCC, OSC, and glioma.
Conclusions
FTX may be a potential oncogene, and high FTX expression be associated with a poor prognosis in patients with CRC, HCC, OSC, and glioma.
Gastric Stump Cancer: Demanding a More Suitable Definition and TNM Staging System
Authors: Xu Jiannan , Liu Guangyao , Jin Xinghan , Wang Huijin , Zhu Lihua , Zhang Changhua , He Yulong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe incidence of gastric stump cancer (GSC) following resection of gastric cancer has increase. However, the definition between GSC and recurrent gastric cancer (RGC) is still being debated. This study was conducted to compare the clinicopathological characteristics and outcome for this two groups.Patients and MethodsThe investigators retrospectively reviewed patients in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) databases from 1975 to 2016 to identify patients who underwent resection of gastric cancer subsequently experienced metachronous gastric cancer. GSC was defined as cancer occurring in remnant stomach of ≥10 years after gastrectomy, while RGC was defined as <10 years after gastrectomy. T-test, Pearson χ2-test and Kaplan-Meier estimator method was used in the present study.ResultsAmong the 167,747 gastric cancer patients, 1,006 (0.6%) patients were diagnosed multiple gastric cancer, 93 patients met the GSC criterion, and 282 patients met the RGC criterion. The mean time interval between the initial cancer and second cancer for GSC was 13.34 years and 4.24 years for RGC. Male gender (P=0.003), younger age (60.1 years old vs. 65.9 years old, P<0.001) developed more frequently in GSC group. The median OS in GSC group was 20.0 months compared with 16.0 months for RGC group (p=0.302). Surgery treatment or not, the median OS have statistically significant (in RGC group, 64.0 months vs. 10.0 months, P＜0.001; 33 months vs. 13 months, P=0.014 in GSC group).ConclusionIn our definition of GSC and RGC, the OS were not statistically significant and gastrectomy may be the appropriate treatment for this two groups. It may demand for a more suitable definition and TNM staging system for GSC.
Knock-Down of LRP/LR Influences Signalling Pathways in Late Stage Colorectal Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Vania Leila , Morris Gavin , Ferreira Eloise , Weiss Stefan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe 37kDa/67kDa laminin receptor (LRP/LR) is involved in several tumourigenic-promoting processes including cellular viability maintenance and apoptotic evasion. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the molecular mechanism of LRP/LR on apoptotic pathways in late stage (DLD-1) colorectal cancer cells upon siRNA-mediated down-regulation of LRP/LR. MethodssiRNAs were used to down-regulate the expression of LRP/LR in DLD-1 cells which was assessed using western blotting and qPCR. To evaluate the mechanistic role of LRP/LR, proteomic analysis of pathways involved in proliferation and apoptosis were investigated. The data from the study was analysed using a one-way ANOVA, followed by a two-tailed student’s t-test with a confidence interval of 95%. ResultsHere we show that knock-down of LRP/LR led to significant changes in the proteome of DLD-1 cells, exposing new roles of the protein. Moreover, analysis showed that LRP/LR may alter components of the MAPK, p53-apoptotic and autophagic signalling pathways to aid colorectal cancer cells in continuous growth and survival. Knock-down of LRP/LR also resulted in significant decreases in telomerase activity and telomerase-related proteins in the DLD-1 cells. ConclusionsThese findings show that LRP/LR is critically implicated in apoptosis and cell viability maintenance and suggest that siRNA-mediated knock-down of LRP/LR may be a possible therapeutic strategy for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Developing a Virtual Reality for People With Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment Based on Their Psychological Needs: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Kim Jung-Hee , Park Seonmin , Lim Hyeongji 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPurpose of this study was to develop a virtual reality (VR) intervention program based on the psychological needs of patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment residing in nursing facilities in Korea to relieve their behavioral and psychological symptoms, and to confirm the possibility of utilizing VR in patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment.MethodsIn the first phase, surveys and questionnaires were used to identify activities that relieved the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) among patients. These activities were classified into five types of psychological needs. In the second phase, a fully immersive, interactive, easy-to-use VR platform was developed that reflected these psychological needs. The VR content was used with patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment. The researchers assessed the level of the participants’ immersion, preference, and interaction with the VR, using a 5-point Likert scale. ResultsIn the feasibility test, the mean immersion score was 4.93 ± 0.16 points, the mean preference score was 4.35 ± 0.41 points, and the mean interaction score was 3.84 ± 0.43 points. Six out of 10 participants required assistance while using the VR. The mean VR experience duration was 10.00 ± 3.46 minutes.ConclusionsThe VR-based intervention program that was developed to reduce BPSD was feasible for the participants, and provided them with a high degree of satisfaction and immersion. Furthermore, this study also confirmed the convenience and safety of the program. These findings provide evidence for the potential of VR to provide BPSD intervention programs for patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment, and potentially for other geriatric conditions.
PD-L1 Associates with The Expression of Cancer Cell-Intrinsic PD-1 and p-S6 Proteins and Predicts A Good Prognosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yuting , Zheng Hongmei , Zhan Yuting , Yang Yang , Ning Yue , Wang Haihua , Wang Weiyuan , Fan Songqing , Luo Ying 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Aims: programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is the ligand of programmed death 1 (PD-1), which is a host immunity inhibitory receptor. Expression of PD-L1 in diverse tumor types has been widely discussed, while there is little research about tumor intrinsic-PD-1. P-S6 is an important downstream effector in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Our study was focus on investigating PD-L1/PD-1/ p-S6 protein expression and aimed to illustrate their relationship in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: the expression of PD-1, PD-L1 and p-S6 proteins in tissues of NPC, non-cancerous nasopharyngeal epithelia, primary lesions and matching metastases was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: PD-1, PD-L1 and p-S6 expression and co-expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 proteins were significantly higher in NPC than in the non-cancerous control tissue, respectively (all P<0.05). Furthermore, there was evidently elevated PD-1 expression and co-expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in matched metastasis of NPC compared to their primary lesions (all P<0.01). NPC patients with positive expression of PD-L1 showed significantly higher overall survival rate than others (P =0.035). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis confirmed that positive expression of PD-L1 and p-S6 were independent prognostic factors for NPC patients. Conclusions: positive expression of PD-L1 associates with expression of cancer cell-intrinsic PD-1 and p-S6, PD-L1 might serve as a good prognostic biomarker and p-S6 could be a valuable independent poor prognostic biomarker for NPC patients.