bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
D’une crise l’autre
Authors: Gayraud Jean-François 
Published: September 2020

Les crises financière de 2008 et sanitaire de 2020 ne résultent pas de la fatalité mais bien d’actions humaines. Elles illustrent certaines dérives du système international et de la mondialisation. Cupidité corruptrice, criminalisation des économies, propension au mensonge, tendance à oublier les leçons de l’histoire : tels sont quelques-uns des ingrédients de ces crises. La pandémie de COVID-19 risque d’engendrer une accélération des comportements prédateurs, notamment de la Chine.
The technique of fourth jejunal artery-based jejunal conduit for oesophagojejunostomy after thoracolaparoscopic oesophagogastrectomy for locally advanced Siewert type II tumour
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Gunasekaran , Kalayarasan Raja , Gnanasekaran Senthil , Pottakkat Biju 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Locally advanced long Siewert type II tumor requires total gastrectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy with distal esophagectomy and mediastinal lymphadenectomy for curative resection. In this scenario, a laparoscopic transhiatal approach is not feasible, and the conventional left thoracoabdominal approach is associated with increased morbidity.

Aims and Objectives:
To describe a novel technique of fourth jejunal artery based jejunal conduit for thoracoscopic esophagojejunostomy after laparoscopic esophagogastrectomy.

Materials and Methods:
The laparoscopic total gastrectomy with distal esophagectomy specimen is extracted through the periumbilical incision. A pedicled jejunal conduit based on the fourth jejunal artery is prepared, and the jejunal conduit is placed in the mediastinum under laparoscopic guidance. Using the thoracoscopic approach in a prone position, additional esophageal clearance and subcarinal lymphadenectomy are performed. Handsewn end to side esophagojejunostomy is performed at the level of the carina.

Results:
Three patients with long Siewert type II underwent this procedure after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. None of the patients had conduit related complications. All three patients had abdominal lymph node involvement and two patients had mediastinal lymph node involvement.

Conclusion:
Pedicled jejunal conduit based on the fourth jejunal artery is safe for intrathoracic anastomosis after minimally invasive esophagogastrectomy for locally advanced Siewert type II tumor.
“Infodemic” in a Pandemic
Authors: Olatunji Olusoji S. , Ayandele Olusola , Ashirudeen Doyin , Olaniru Oluwatosin S. 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), being the first pandemic to occur in the digital communications era, is rife with “infodemic” of misinformation and conspiracy theories. This article explored popular conspiracy theories about COVID-19 in Nigeria and highlighted the sources of COVID-19 information among Nigerians and perceived trustworthiness of the information sources. It also identified various inaccurate information and conspiracy claims reported by traditional media in Nigeria.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was carried out among a sample of 736 undergraduate students of a public tertiary institution in Nigeria. A purposive sampling technique was used to recruit participants through social media platforms. Google Forms was used to host an anonymous questionnaire and the link sent to the Facebook and WhatsApp groups of students' associations. Participation was voluntary and anonymous. The data collection was initiated on May 27 and closed on June 5, 2020. Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted on participants' responses.

Results:
COVID-19 infection in Nigeria is seen as “an exaggeration by the government and media,” and as a “Chinese biological weapon.” Traditional media is the most popular source of information about COVID-19. Nigeria Centre of Diseases Control is the most trusted source of COVID-19 information, while information from political leaders and social media was perceived as untrustworthy.

Conclusion:
COVID-19 conspiracy theories were driven majorly on social media, by a dearth of trust in political leadership and “breaking” of inaccurate coronavirus news by traditional media. Stakeholders need to collaborate to debunk conspiracy theories.
Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight in Nepal
Authors: Ahammed Benojir , Maniruzzaman Md. , Ferdausi Farzana , Abedin Md Menhazul , Hossain Md Tanvir 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:
Low birth weight (LBW) is an essential component for child mortality, and it also has dangerous effects on the mother's health. This study attempted to estimate the prevalence of the LBW among Nepalese children as well as to identify its socioeconomic and demographic determinants.

Methods:
For this study, 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey data was used; 2,618 women having child were considered as respondents under precise specifications. The LBW of children was defined as birth weight <2500g. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression model were used to determine the risk factors of LBW based on the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) along with 95% confidence interval (CI) and P value (P < 0.05).

Results:
The overall prevalence of LBW in Nepal was 12.9% (95% CI: 11.6%–14.6%). The results of the multivariate analysis show that twin children (AOR: 22.538; 95% CI: 8.706–58.343) and female children (AOR: 1.444; 95% CI: 1.132–1.841) had a higher risk of LBW. Maternal age was also an important factor affecting LBW as findings suggest that the LBW tend to decrease with an increase of mother's age. Findings also indicate that children of the educated father with higher wealth status, maternal intake of iron tablets/syrup during pregnancy, and families having more than one child were safeguarding against LBW in Nepal.

Conclusion:
Risk factors of LBW are still problematic and unresolved in Nepal. Therefore, the implementation of social as well as health awareness programs, including maternal, neonatal and child health, are expected to introduce to curb LBW.
From Flummoxed to Focused
Authors: Baviskar Mandar , Kharde Anup , Gadekar Shubham , Sheth Shubham , Chordiya Akshata 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:
Intern doctors are important in the functioning of a teaching hospital. Their health and sanitation practices can, therefore, influence disease transmission rates.

Methods:
A simultaneous quantitative + qualitative study was conducted on 110 intern doctors working in a rural tertiary care hospital. Percentage values and Chi-square tests were used to compare responses in male and female interns and triangulation-incorporated qualitative inputs.

Results:
Overall, the practices were sound, but lapses in the protocol were reported, especially in areas with higher patient footfall. Females were more likely to follow proper hand hygiene (P = 0.042), use alcohol based sanitizer and keep it on their person (P = 0.017), use gloves as instructed (P = 0.02). And males diligently observed social distancing (P = 0.0001), and followed mobile phone hygiene (P = 0.003).

Conclusion:
Despite the scale of pandemic, interns have tried their best to follow guidelines and commonsense measures. Clear protocols, positive reinforcement, and monitoring can prevent lapses in preventive measures.
Embedding of Dirichlet type spaces
into tent spaces and Volterra operators
Authors: Qian Ruishen , Zhu Xiangling 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study the boundedness and compactness of the inclusion mapping from Dirichlet type spaces

$\mathcal {D}^{p}_{p-1 }$
to tent spaces. Meanwhile, the boundedness, compactness, and essential norm of Volterra integral operators from Dirichlet type spaces

$\mathcal {D}^{p}_{p-1 }$
to general function spaces are also investigated.
Adherence to the MDR-TB intensive phase treatment protocol amongst individuals followed up at central and peripheral health care facilities in Uganda - a descriptive study
Authors: Mukasa Joseph , Kayongo Edward , Kawooya Ismael , Lukoye Deus , Etwom Alfred , Mugabe Frank , Tweya Hannock , Izizinga Rose , Mijumbi- Deve Rhona 
Published: September 2020

Background: Following initiation of MDR-TB treatment, patients have a choice to receive follow up DOT supervision at either the central initiating facility or at a peripheral facility.
Objectives: We describe the adherence patterns of MDR-TB patients undergoing DOT supervision at the two health facility categories during intensive phase of treatment.
Methods: We used a retrospective cohort of patients initiated on MDR TB treatment at Mulago National Referral Hospital between 2014 and 2016. We extracted data from the National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Program records and analysed these using STATA V14.
Results: Majority (84.01%) of the patients received their DOT supervision from the peripheral facilities. Males made up 62.1% of patients, and 91.2% had had their household contacts screened for MDR-TB. 26.5% of the patients on peripheral DOT supervision had good adherence to treatment protocol compared to 0% among patients on central initiating health fa- cility DOT supervision. Among the patients with good adherence, 24.1% had contacts screened for MDR-TB as compared to 3.6% with poor adherence.
Conclusion: More patients preferred MDR-TB DOT supervision at peripheral facilities, which had better adherence to the treatment protocol compared to the central initiating facility. Younger people and those with household contacts screened had better adherence to the treatment protocol, highlighting areas for targeted interventional programs for MDR-TB in resource limited settings.
Keywords: MDR-TB; adherence; central initiating; peripheral health facility; DOTS; SORT IT.
A study of low birth weight prevalence and risk factors among newborns in a public-hospital at Kilis, Turkey
Authors: Hüseyin Çam Hasan , Harunoğulları Muazzez , Polat Yadigar 
Published: September 2020

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is an important indicator of reproductive health and general health status of population.
Objectives: The present study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of low birth weight (LBW), and to investigate the associations between some risk factors and LBW in Syrian refugee and Turkish population in Kilis, Turkey.
Methods: The population of this study constituted of a total of 4379 infants born in Kilis State Hospital in 2016 using a retrospective cross-sectional study design. The data were collected from birth records. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of low birth weight. Factors with a p-value < 0.05 were deemed to be statistically significant.
Results: The prevalence of LBW was 6.7% in all groups. Significant relationships were found between young maternal age, Syrian refugee mother, female infants, cesarean delivery and LBW.
Conclusion: The prevalence of low birth weight in the study area was comparatively lower than that of countrywide figure. Maternal related variables like, maternal age, mother's nationality, and mode of birth (vaginal, cesarean) take after up as well as new-born related variables like gender of the neonate were significantly related with low birth weight.
Keywords: Low birth weight; maternal; risk factors,; prevalence.
Pulmonary functions of commercial tricyclists (Keke Napep riders) in Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: P Ojukwu Chidiebele , J Okemuo Adaora , V Madu Chinwe , N Ativie Rita , Sylvester Caesar Chukwu , Emelie Moris Anekwu 
Published: September 2020

Background: Tricyclists are continuously exposed to vehicle emissions and other environmental pollutants, due to the na- ture of their job and vehicle design, which may be hazardous to health. However, there is paucity of data on the pulmonary functions of commercial tricyclists in Nigeria, which should have provided insight into any relevant health concerns in this population, hence this study.
Objectives: This study evaluated the pulmonary functions of tricyclists, in comparison with those of age-matched non-tri- cyclists.
Methods: Two hundred and ten (210) [150 commercial tricyclists; 60 non-tricyclists] males (aged 20-65years) participated in this unmatched case-control study in Enugu, Enugu state, Nigeria. Their pulmonary functions [Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1), Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR)] were assessed using a computerized spirometer. Independent T-test and Pearson Chi-square were used to analyze data at a significant level of P<0.05.
Results: Cough (46.0%) and dust allergies (40.7%) were the commonest reported respiratory symptoms among tricyclists. There were significant differences in the FVC (P<0.001), FEV1 (P<0.001) and PEFR (P<0.001) between the two groups, with tricyclists showing lower pulmonary function values. FEV1/FVC was <70% with increased FVC in 83.3% of the tricy- clists, suggesting restrictive pulmonary abnormalities.
Conclusion: Decreased pulmonary function values of commercial tricyclists in this study is suggestive of their predisposi- tion to occupation-related pulmonary disorders, particularly the restrictive patterns.
Keywords: Tricyclists; Keke Napep riders; pulmonary functionss; Nigeria.
Bio fabrication of gold nanoparticles and their combination with chemotherapy and ultrasound for effective treatment of tumors
Authors: Li Mingmei 
Published: September 2020

Background and Objective: Chemotherapy is one of the important medical option for the cancer therapy, but still new combination of therapeutic treatment methods are needed to achieve efficient anti tumor activity. In this work, Pueraria lobata leaf extract was utilized as a bio reductant for the fabrication of the Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) by an ecological approach without using any harmful chemical. This work also evaluates whether the combined effect of chemotherapy along with Au-NPs and Ultrasound (US) is effective over the tumors or not.
Materials and methods: About 10 mL of plant extract was added to 1mM of HAuCl4 solution (20.0 mL) and pH was maintained at 12 and allowed for stirring for half an hour. The change in solution color from yellow to purple signified the Au-NPs formation.
Results: XRD results and TEM images confirmed the formation of crystalline Au-NPs with sizes ranging from 23-30 nm. Further, biological studies revealed that the combination of Au-NPs and US along with chemotherapy improved the impact of anti-cancer drug.
Conclusion: In conclusion, Pueraria lobata leaf extract mediated synthesis of Au-NPs by an eco-friendly approach was reported in this work. The plant biomolecules of the extract were involved in the reduction and capping of the Au-NPs formed. The major conclusion is that addition of Au-NPs with chemotherapy and ultrasound has shown more effective anti-tumor activity.
Keywords: Au-NPs; chemotherapy; ultrasound; plant bio-constituents.
Development of a cost-effective CVD prediction model using lifestyle factors. A cohort study in Pakistan
Authors: Naheeda Parveen , Sharifullah Khan , Saeed Ullah Shah , Muhammad Azeem Abbas , Shahzad Younis , Kinza Waqar 
Published: September 2020

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as hypertension and ischemic heart diseases cause 35 to 40% of deaths every year in Pakistan. Several lifestyle factors such as dietary habits, lack of exercise, mental stress, body habitus (i.e., body mass index, waist), personal habits (smoking, sleep, fitness) and clinical conditions (i.e., diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension) have been shown to be strongly associated with the etiology of CVD. Epidemiological studies in Pakistan have shown poor adherence of people to healthy lifestyle and lack of knowledge in adopting healthy alternatives. There are well validated cardiovascular risk es- timation tools (QRISK model) that cn predict the probability of future cardiac events. The existing tools are based on laboratory investigations of biochemical test but there is no widely accepted tool available that predicts the CVD risk probability based on lifestyle factors.
Aims: Aim of the current study was to develop alternative CVD risk estimation model based on lifestyle factors and physical attributes (without using laboratory investigation) using QRISK model as the gold standard.
Study Design: Clinical and lifestyle data of one hundred and sixty subjects were collected to formulate a regression model for predicting CVD risk probability.
Methods: Lifestyle factors as independent variables (IV) include BMI, waist circumference, physical activities (stamina, strength, flexibility, posture), smoking, general illnesses, dietary intake, stress and physical characteristics. CVD risk probability of QRISK Intervention computed through clinical variables was used as a dependent variable (DV) in present research. Chronological age was also included in analysis in addition to selected lifestyle factors. Regression analysis, principal component analysis and bivar- iate correlations were applied to assess the relationship among predictor variables and cardiovascular risk score.
Results: Chronological age, waist circumference, BMI and strength showed significant effect on CVD risk probability. The pro- posed model can be used to calculate CVD risk probability with 72.9% accuracy for the targeted population.
Conclusion: The model involves only those features which can be measured without any clinical test. The proposed model is rapid and less costly hence appropriate for use in developing countries like Pakistan.
Keywords: Chronological age; cardiovascular diseases; disease risk factor; modifiable lifestyle factors; risk score.
Types and prevalence of HIV-related opportunistic infections/conditions among HIV-positive patients attending Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: K Chepkondol Geoffrey , E Jolly Pauline , Yatich Nelly , Mbowe Omar , G Jaoko Walter 
Published: September 2020

Background: Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) has resulted in significant decrease in opportunistic infections (OIs), OIs continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality among HIV patients.
Objective: To determine the prevalence and types of HIV/AIDS-related OIs among patients attending Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) in Nairobi, Kenya.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to August 2010 among patients ≥19 years. An interviewer-ad- ministered questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic factors, HIV and OIs. CD4 data were extracted from clinical records.
Results: Most patients (72%) had lived with HIV for ≤ 5 years and 78.8% had an OI. The 3 most common OIs were TB (35%), Herpes Zoster (HZ; 15.4%) and oral thrush (OT; 8%). Years of HIV infection significantly predicted TB (p=0.01). Patients with CD4 ≤ 349 were almost twice as likely to have TB, than those with CD4 ≥500. Type of occupation predicted OT (p=0.04) with skilled workers less likely to have OT. Patients with primary/vocational/technical education were >3 times more likely to have HZ than those with tertiary education.
Conclusion: Due to the complex management of HIV and its associated OIs, appropriate implementation of the recom- mended guidelines for care and prevention among patients at KNH is important.
Keywords: HIV-related opportunistic infections; Kenyatta National Hospital; Kenya.
PENDEKATAN REALISTIC MATHEMATIC EDUCATION DAN METODE MIND MAP TERHADAP KOGNITIVITAS MATEMATIS SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Rahmatul Ilmi  , Alwen Bentri  
Published: September 2020

This research aims to determine the effect of realistic mathematic education approach and mind map method on the mathematical Kognitivitas in elementary school. The method used in this study uses experimental methods. The data collection techniques used in this study were tests and observations. The data analysis techniques used are descriptive statistics and test-T. Sampling is done in Simple random sampling. This research sample amounted to 100 elementary school students. The result of Realistic Mathematic Education has an effect on the student's mathematical kognitivitas of 17.3%. It can thus be clear that 17.3% of the variances occurring in mathematical kognitivitas are influenced by the Realistic Mathematic Education approach. Mind Mapping further affects the 7.4% of student Kognitivitas where the variances that occur also affect students ' mathematical kognitivity. Together Realistic Mathematic Education and Mind Mapping have an effect of 22.3% on the student's kognitivity. Thus the study showed that there was a significant influence from the use of the Realistic Mathematic Education approach and the Mind Map method on the mathematical Kognitivitas students in elementary school.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendekatan realistic mathematic education dan metode mind map terhadap kognitivitas matematis siswa di Sekolah Dasar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes dan observasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan uji-t. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara Simple random sampling. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 100 siswa sekolah dasar. Hasil penelitian ini Realistic Mathematic Education berpengaruh terhadap kognitivitas matematis siswa sebesar 17,3%. Dengan demikian dapat jelas bahwa 17,3% variansi yang terjadi pada kognitivitas matematis siswa yang dipengaruhi oleh pendekatan pembelajaran Realistic Mathematic Education . Selanjutnya Mind Mapping berpengaruh terhadap kognitivitas siswa 7,4% dimana variansi yang terjadi juga mempengaruhi kognitivitas matematis siswa. Sedangkan secara bersama-sama Realistic Mathematic Education dan Mind Mapping berpengaruh 22,3% terhadap kognitivitas siswa. Dengan demikian penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan dari penggunaan Pendekatan Realistic Mathematic Education dan Metode Mind Map terhadap Kognitivitas Matematis Siswa di Sekolah Dasar.
Kata Kunci: Pendekatan Realistic, Mathematic Education, Metode Mind Map, Kognitivitas Matematis