bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Homology analysis between clinically isolated extraintestinal and enteral Klebsiella pneumoniae among Neonates
Authors: Chen Chun-mei , Wang Min , Li Xian-ping , Li Peng-ling , Tian Jing-jing , Zhang Kan , Luo Can 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a leading cause of hospital-associated (HA) infections. It has been reported in many studies that gastrointestinal colonization (GI) is likely to be a common and significant reservoir for the transmission and infections of K. pneumoniae in both adults and neonates. But the homologous relationship between clinically isolated extraintestinal and enteral K. pneumoniae in neonates hasn’t been characterized yet.Results: 43 isolates from 21 neonatal patients were collected in this study. The proportion of carbapenem resistance was 62.8%. There were 12 patients (12/21, 57.4%) whose antibiotic resistance phenotypes, genotypes and ST types (STs) were concordant. Six sequence types were detected using MLST, with ST37 and ST54 being the dominant types. Conclusions: These data showed that there might be a close homologous relationship between EXKP and EKP in neonates，indicating that the K. pneumoniae from the GI tract is possibly to be a significant reservoir for causing extraintestinal infections.
Human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia progression are associated with increased vaginal microbiome diversity in a Chinese cohort
Authors: Chen Yulian , Qiu Xingdi , Wang Wenjing , Li Dong , Wu Anyue , Hong Zubei , Di Wen , Qiu Lihua 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: In this study, the association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and related cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or cervical cancer and vaginal microbiome was evaluated in Chinese cohorts. Methods: The vaginal bacterial composition of five groups, HPV-infected women without CINs (HPV, n=78), women with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL, n=51), women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL, n=23), women with invasive cervical cancer (Cancer, n=9) and healthy women without HPV infection (Normal, n=68), was characterized by deep sequencing of barcoded 16S rRNA gene fragments (V3-4) using Illumina MiSeq. Results: HPV infection increased vaginal bacterial richness and diversity regardless of the status of CINs. The vaginal bacterial richness and diversity were further augmented in women with cervical cancer. Lactobacillus was the most abundant genus in all groups. HPV infection had a negative influence on the abundances of Lactobacillus, Gardnerella and Atopobium. Accordingly, HPV infection increased the relative abundance of Prevotella, Bacillus, Anaerococcus, Sneathia, Megasphaera, Streptococcus and Anaerococcus. The increased proportions of Bacillus, Anaerococcus and the reduced abundance of Gradnerella vaginalis were probably related with the progression of CINs severity. HPV infection without CINs or cancerous lesions was strongly associated with Megasphaera. The most abundant bacterium in the LSIL group was Prevotella amnii. However, Prevotella timonensis, Shuttleworthia and Streptococcaceae at the family level were three taxa related to HSIL. Furthermore, more taxa were associated with the Cancer group including Bacillus, Sneathia, Acidovorax, Oceanobacillus profundus, Fusobacterium, Veillonellaceae at the family level, Anaerococcus and Porphyromonas uenonis. Samples in the Normal group were mostly assigned to CST III. HPV infection converted the vaginal bacterial community structure from CST III to CST IV. Furthermore, the proportions of CST IV were gradually augmented with the progression of the severity of CINs.Conclusions: This work interpreted the differential vaginal bacteria under HPV infection and various precancerous or cancerous lesions in a Chinese cohort. We distinguished the specific microbes and the vaginal bacterial structure that were related with the progression of CINs severity in Chinese women.
Screening household members of shepherds in brucellosis endemic areas in China and reporting follow-up results of asymptomatic infections
Authors: Hu Jing , Yang Huixin , Zhang Xiangyi , Zhang Siwen , Wang Taijun , Luo Jingjing , Hu Fangfang , Wang Dali , Ni Shaonan , Sheng Jian , Zhang Cui , Zhen Qing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by brucella, patients often show obvious clinical manifestation, however, many cases of asymptomatic brucella infection were reported. Previous scholars have described or screened the asymptomatic infection, but little attention has been paid to the results. This research focused on the short-term results in patients with asymptomatic brucella infectionMethods: 595 household members of shepherds in brucellosis endemic areas were included, all of them have questionnaires and laboratory tests. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria for the cohort, 15 asymptomatic infections were included and followed-up for 18months.Results: Among 595 subjects, 34(5.7%) were asymptomatic infections, 460(77.3%) were healthy, 58patients (9.7%) were diagnosed as brucellosis, 13(2.2%) suspected cases, 19(3.2%) cured cases and 11(1.8%) unclear diagnosis. Among 15 asymptomatic infections, the median age was 34 [12, 50] years, there were 40%cases <18 years old and the male-female ratio was 1.5:1, 60% cases were farmers and herdsmen, 11(73.3%) cases had a history of possible exposure to brucella. Average follow-up time was 10.47 ± 8.47 months. A total of 7 asymptomatic infections developed into brucellosis, of which five patients turned in the first month of follow-up, one patient in the second month, and one minor case turned in the seventh month. Remaining asymptomatic infections showed negative outcomes after 7 months of follow-up, among them, SAT titer decreased in two cases, no changes in SAT titer and clinical manifestations in six cases.Conclusions: Continued exposure to brucella may be a major risk factor for asymptomatic infection turn to brucellosis.
Effect of structured training programme on knowledge of stakeholders working for Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in twelve tribal districts of an eastern state of India
Authors: Bhatia Vikas , Giri Prajna Paramita , Taywade Manish 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) are the most marginalized tribal communities in the Indian society. The uptake of government led health & nutrition programme by them is low due to the geographical remoteness of their habitat, communication gap between service providers and PVTGs and their cultural believe. The objective of this study is to implement & assess the effectiveness of training programmes for stakeholders working for PVTGs in tribal districts of Odisha, an eastern state of India.
Methods

A cross-sectional study was done in 12 tribal districts during April 2019 to January 2020. Six modules were developed for the trainings of different stakeholders like health officials, officials from Women & Child Development departments, NGO personnel, functionaries of Odisha Livelihood Mission (OLM) and Odisha PVTG Empowerment & Livelihood Programme (OPELIP). Three-day residential training programmes covered six thematic areas like child malnutrition, adolescent health, maternal health, communication in service delivery and about different PVTG communities and evaluation was done for 231 participants out of total 242 trained. Pretest and posttest knowledge assessment of the participants were done using a pretested structured questionnaire consisting of 20 items.
Results

The mean total score of knowledge was significantly improved after training as compared to before training among all stakeholders (13.79 ± 3.78 vs 11.5 ± 5.2, p value = 0.001). The pre-test result for the overall knowledge was low among OPELIP staff and health functionaries with mean score of 8.41 ± 3.03&9.16 ± 2.49 respectively. The post-test scores of health functionaries were highest in all domains and the overall increase in knowledge was statistically significant (pre-test 9.16 ± 2.49 vs 15.48 ± 4.19, p < 0.0001).
Conclusion

The assessment of pre & post test results revealed a significant improvement in knowledge of stakeholders. Hence, there should be administrative mechanism in government system to impart training to all stakeholders at regular intervals.
Implications of power imbalance in antenatal care-seeking among pregnant adolescents in rural Tanzania: a qualitative study
Authors: Mweteni Wemaeli , Kabirigi Julieth , Matovelo Dismas , Lassier Rose , Yohani Victoria , Shabani Girles , Shayo Prosper , Brenner Jennifer L. , Chaput Kathleen H. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Adolescent girls (age 10-19 years) are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to pregnancy and childbirth complications, compared with older mothers. Low and middle-income countries, including Tanzania, bear the largest proportion of adolescent perinatal deaths globally. Most adolescent girls in Tanzania do not access antenatal care at health facilities, but the reasons for lack of antenatal care attendance are poorly understood. Methods: We conducted a qualitative thematic analysis study of the experiences of pregnant adolescents with accessing antenatal care in Misungwi district, Mwanza Region, Tanzania. We recruited 22 adolescent girls who were pregnant or parenting a child aged less than 5 years, using purposive sampling, and collected data about their lived experiences using in-depth individual interviews (IDIs). IDI data were triangulated with data from eight focus group discussions (FGDs) involving young fathers and elder men/women, and nine key informant interviews (KIIs) conducted with local health care providers. FGDs, KIIs and all but two IDIs were conducted and audiotaped in Swahili. All Swahili recordings were transcribed verbatim in Swahili. Two IDIs were conducted in local vernacular (Sukuma), and were transcribed into Swahili (as Sukuma is uncommon), by bilingual research assistants. All Swahili transcripts were then translated to English. A team of researchers analysed transcripts using emergent thematic analysis and constant comparison technique. Results: We identified four main themes: 1) Lack of maternal personal autonomy (Diminished power for decision making, Lack of financial and personal independence), 2) Stigma and judgment, 3) Vulnerability to violence and abuse, and 4) Knowledge about antenatal care. Conclusion: Pregnant adolescent care seeking for antenatal services is compromised by a complex power imbalance that involves financial dependence, lack of choice, lack of personal autonomy in decision making, experiences of social stigma, judgement, violence and abuse. Multi-level interventions are needed to empower adolescent girls, and to address policies and social constructs that may contribute to observed power imbalance; addressing these barriers can improve access to antenatal care among pregnant adolescents, and potentially reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.
Clinical and biochemical indexes of 11 COVID-19 patients and the genome sequence analysis of the tested SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Yu Zhikang , Wu Heming , Huang Qingyan , Guo Xuemin , Zhong Zhixiong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: At present, SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in the world rapidly spread. It is a serious global public health emergency.Methods: Here we described the clinical characteristics of 11 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients hospitalized in the Meizhou People's Hospital. And viral genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 from these patients were analyzed.Results: Of the 11 patients, 6 cases developed fever, 9 cases developed cough, and 2 cases developed headache and chills. 4 patients (36.4%) had underlying diseases. Pneumonia is the most common complication. The most common laboratory abnormalities were decreased lymphocytopenia (LYM) and lymphocytic percentage (LYM%), decreased total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB), increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C reactive protein (CRP), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), increased fibrinogen (FIB), creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Neutrophil (NEU) (r=0.664, P=0.026), CK-MB (r=0.655, P=0.029), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (r=0.682, P=0.021) and SARS-CoV-2 virus cycle threshold (Ct) value were significantly correlated. Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) shows that we identified two different SNPs at positions 8781 and 28144.Conclusions: We hope that the reports of these 11 cases in our hospital will provide useful information for the diagnosis, treatment and drug development of SARS-CoV-2.
SOX9 in prostate cancer is upregulated by cancer-associated fibroblasts to promote tumor progression through HGF/c-Met-FRA1 signaling
Authors: Qin Haixiang , Yang Yang , Jiang Bo , Pan Chun , Chen Wei , Diao Wenli , Ding Meng , Cao Wenmin , Zhang Zhenxing , Ma Haoxing , Chen Mengxia , Gao Jie , Zhao Xiaozhi , Qiu Xuefeng , Guo Hongqian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have demonstrated that transcription factor SOX9 which was reactivated in prostate cancer (Pca) and promoted tumor growth was a poor prognostic biomarker for Pca. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanism underlying SOX9 upregulation in Pca still remains unclear. Several cytokines widely distributed in the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been reported to be involved in the regulation of SOX9, suggesting that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), one of the main sources of secreted factors in TME, may play a role in regulating SOX9 expression.
Methods
Herein, an in vitro model of paracrine interaction between primary CAFs and Pca cells (both AR-positive and AR-negative Pca cells), was applied to investigate the molecular mechanism of SOX9 upregulation during Pca progression. The regulatory axis was validated by in vivo experiments and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data.
Results
Conditional medium from Pca CAFs (CAF-CM) upregulated the expression of SOX9, which was also proved to be essential for CAF-induced tumor progression. Further analysis showed that it was hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) secreted by CAFs that was responsible for the SOX9 elevation in Pca cells via activating c-Met signaling. Mechanistically, HGF/c-Met signaling specifically activated MEK1/2-ERK1/2 pathway which then induced phosphorylated status and protein upregulation of FRA1. Furthermore, ChIP assay demonstrated that FRA1 transcriptionally upregulated SOX9 expression by binding to the TPA-responsive element (TRE) sequence in the promoter of SOX9 gene. We also found that HGF/c-Met-ERK1/2-FRA1-SOX9 axis was relatively conserved in human and mouse species by validating in mouse Pca cells (RM-1).
Conclusions
Our results revealed a novel insight into the molecular mechanism that SOX9 expression in Pca cells is promoted by CAFs, through the HGF/cMet-ERK1/2-FRA1 axis. Besides, SOX9 may serve as an alternative marker for the activated HGF/c-Met signaling to enroll the optimal Pca patients for HGF/c-Met inhibition treatment, since it is much more stable and easier to detect.
A New Perioperative Glucocorticosteroid Replacement Therapy for Cushing's Syndrome
Authors: Wang Liang , Yang Lin , Yang Yuanxing , Cui Zhe , Li Liming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the safety and effects of a new perioperative glucocorticosteroid replacement therapy for Cushing,s syndrome.Methods: A simple method of glucocorticosteroid replacement therapy as follow was adopted for 83 cases of Cushing's syndrome patient which were diagnosed before the operation: No glucocorticosteroid was used before operation, but during adrenal adenoma resection 100 mg hydrocortisone was given by intravenous injection，and another 200 mg hydrocortisone was given on the day of surgery. On day 1 and day 2 postoperative, 100 mg/12h and 100 mg/24h hydrocortisone were given by intravenous injection respectively. Prednisone(10mg/8h) was given from the day 2 postoperative by oral administration, then 5mg was reduced once a week until a maintenance dosage (5mg) was reached. Clinical symptoms were observed, plasma cortisol and 24h urine cortisol levels were intermittently measured post-operation to evaluate the safety and the curative effect of this new glucocorticosteroid replacement therapy.Results: Adrenal insufficiency and steroid withdrawal syndrome did not occur with all patients. Compared with the concentration of urine cortisol preoperation, it was significantly decreased on the day 7 postoperative. Plasma cortisol concentration was significantly decreased on day 6 postoperative compared with preoperative. All the patients were followed up to 6 months, plasma cortisol and 24h urine cortisol levels were all normal.Conclusions: This new glucocorticosteroid replacement therapy was safe, simple, and effective.
Interaction of Endogenous Proinflammatory Mediators on the Function of the Ex Vivo Perfused Human lung
Authors: Leligdowicz Aleksandra , Ross James T. , Nesseler Nicolas , Matthay Michael A. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background The ex vivo human perfused lung model has enabled optimizing donor lungs for transplantation and delineating mechanisms of lung injury. Perfusate and airspace biomarkers are a proxy of the lung response to experimental conditions. However, there is a lack of studies evaluating biomarker kinetics during perfusion and after exposure to stimuli. In this study we analyzed the ex vivo perfused lung response to three key perturbations: exposure to the perfusion circuit, exogenous fresh whole blood, and bacteria. Results 99 lungs rejected for transplantation underwent ex vivo perfusion. One hour after reaching experimental conditions, fresh whole blood was added to the perfusate (n=55). Two hours after reaching target temperature, Streptococcus pneumoniae was added to the perfusate (n=42) or to the airspaces (n=17). Perfusate and airspace samples were collected at baseline (once lungs were equilibrated for 1 hour, but before blood or bacteria were added) and 4 hours later. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, Angiopoietin (Ang)-2, and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNFR)-1 were quantified. Baseline perfusate and airspace biomarker levels varied significantly, and this was not related to pre-procurement PaO2:FiO2 ratio, cold ischemia time, and baseline alveolar fluid clearance (AFC). After 4 hours of ex vivo perfusion, the lung demonstrated a sustained production of proinflammatory mediators. The change in biomarker levels was not influenced by baseline donor lung characteristics (cold ischemia time, baseline AFC) nor was it associated with measures of experimental epithelial (final AFC) or endothelial (percent weight gain) injury. In the presence of exogenous blood, the rise in biomarkers was attenuated. Lungs exposed to intravenous (IV) bacteria relative to control lungs demonstrated a significantly higher rise in perfusate IL-6. Conclusions The ex vivo perfused lung has a marked endogenous capacity to generate inflammatory responses over the course of short-term perfusion. The lack of association between biomarker change and donor lung cold ischemia time as well as final alveolar fluid clearance and experimental percent weight gain suggests that the maintained ability to produce biomarkers is not merely a marker of lung epithelial or endothelial injury but may support the lung’s role as an immune cell reservoir.
Micronized sacchachitin promotes satellite cell proliferation through TAK1-JNK-AP-1 signaling pathway by TLR2/4 activation
Authors: Wu Meng-Huang , Lin Chuang-Yu , Hou Chun-Yin , Sheu Ming-Thau , Chang Hsi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Ganoderma sp., such as Ganoderma tsugae (GT), play an important role in traditional Chinese medicine. Ganoderma sp. contains several constituents, including Sacacchin, which has recently drawn attention because it can not only enhance the repair of muscle damage but also strengthen the muscle enforcement. Although Ganoderma sp. have a therapeutic effect for neuromuscular disorders, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the effect and underlying molecular mechanism of micronized sacchachitin (mSC) on satellite cells (SCs), which are known as the muscle stem cells.
Methods
The myogenic cells, included SCs (Pax7+) were isolated from tibialis anterior muscles of a healthy rat and were cultured in growth media with different mSC concentrations. For the evaluation of SC proliferation, these cultivated cells were immunostained with Pax7 and bromodeoxyuridine assessed simultaneously. The molecular signal pathway was further investigated by using Western blotting and signal pathway inhibitors.
Results
Our results revealed that 200 µg/mL mSC had an optimal capability to significantly enhance the SC proliferation. Furthermore, this enhancement of SC proliferation was verified to be involved with activation of TAK1-JNK-AP-1 signaling pathway through TLR2, whose expression on SC surface was confirmed for the first time here.
Conclusion
Micronized sacchachitin extracted from GT was capable of promoting the proliferation of SC under a correct concentration.
‘I would have stayed home if I could manage it alone’; testimony of an Ethiopian mother abandoned by care providers during facility based childbirth: a case report
Authors: Adinew Yohannes , Hall Helen , Marshall Amy , Kelly Janet 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Every woman is entitled to respectful care during pregnancy and childbirth as a basic human right. However, not all women are being treated equally well. Case presentation: This case study highlights some of the common disrespectful practices that women face. This is a testimony of a 28-year-old mother of two, narrated in her own words. The data were collected during an in-depth interview in November 2019. The interview was conducted in her house and her name has been changed to protect her identity. The interview was audio-taped by a digital voice recorder, later transcribed and translated verbatim from the local language, Amharic, to English.Conclusion: This woman’s story highlights the unfortunate reality for some women. Five themes emerged from her narrative: denial of care, non-consented care, non-dignified care, taking a sick baby home with resentment, and loss of trust of care providers.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE GESTÃO DA QUALIDADE E GESTÃO DE MATERIAIS DE UMA FARMÁCIA HOSPITALAR: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Torres Dantas da Silva Rafaela , Silva dos Santos Fernanda Julyanna , Dos Santos Bezerril Manacés , Salvador Pétala 
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: identificar as estratégias de gestão da qualidade e gestão de materiais utilizadas para a organização do processo de trabalho da farmácia hospitalar. Método: trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura realizada em quatro bases de dados. A coleta de dados ocorreu no mês de setembro de 2019. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, de modo que foi possível fazer a contabilização e a descrição dos dados encontrados. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 29 artigos, todos publicados no Brasil e a região que teve uma maior quantidade de artigos disponíveis foi a Sudeste. O instrumento de organização mais utilizado foi o questionário estruturado, citado em 17,24% (n=05) dos estudos, também foi identificado a utilização de ferramentas de gestão da qualidade. Dentre os benefícios, os mais citados foram a redução de custos para as instituições e a otimização do trabalho. Conclusão: a gestão do setor de farmácia hospitalar ainda é pouco discutida e a falta de trabalhos sobre o assunto se apresentou como uma dificuldade para o desenvolvimento da revisão de literatura.
Palavras-chave: Gestão de materiais. Controle de qualidade. Serviço de farmácia hospitalar. Gestão em saúde.