bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nd:YAG&nbsp;Laser Hyaloidotomy for Treatment of Subhyaloid Hemorrhage in Pregnancy
Authors: Abrishami Mojtaba , Shoeibi Nasser , Heidarzadeh Hamid Reza , Zamani Ghodsieh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To report a pregnant patient with impaired vision due to macular involvement of valsalva retinopathy associated with subhyaloid hemorrhage, who was effectively treated with Nd:YAG laser hyaloidotomy and led to successful visual recovery.Case presentation: A thirty-year-old pregnant woman at 36-week gestational age was referred due to suddenly decreased visual acuity in her left eye following a severe vomiting. Left eye examination showed a dense large subhyaloid hemorrhage in front of macula extending from superior to inferior arcade with a clear media. With the diagnosis of subhyaloid hemorrhage she underwent Nd:YAG laser hyaloidotomy and visual acuity improved from hand motion to 20/20 after one week.Conclusion: In this report, Nd:YAG laser hyaloidotomy was shown to be effective and safe in treatment of dense subhyaloid hemorrhage in pregnant patients with Valsalva retinopathy.
An Assessment of Human-Livestock Predators Conflict in Central and Eastern Part of Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia
Authors: Tafesse Israel Sebsibe 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: sharing of space by humans and wildlife at a time may ignite clear conflict. Populations of many species are declined due to the degradation of wildlife habitats caused by agricultural activities. Additionally, livestock may compete with wild herbivores for grazing and reduce the abundance of wild prey for carnivores. A reduction in populations of prey species of large predators might cause carnivores to be attracted towards livestock, ultimately provoke and aggravating the human-carnivores conflict. This study investigated the current status of human-predators conflict in and around the Bale Mountains National Park. Results: most (72.75%) respondents agreed on the presence of livestock predation. Major reported predators were spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta), olive baboon (Papio anubis), African wolf (Canis lupaster), aardvark (Orycteropus afer), genet (Genetta genetta), Ethiopian wolf (Canis simensis), lion (Panthera leo), and leopard (Panthera pardus). Cattle (54.19%), sheep (70.96%), goat (32.0%), donkey (37.72%) and horse (27.54%) were mentioned as major target of predators. Within the past ten years 1623 sheep, 741 cattle, 639 goats, 193 donkeys, and 124 horses were predated. This study found an increasing trend of livestock predation. The trend was reported to be high within the Park (68%). During the past ten years, households reported killings of 3320 livestock that cost 347,460.53 USD. Loss of 8.66 USD per month constituted 27.45% of their monthly income which is expected to have a great sustenance impact. Human settlement (41%), agricultural practices (38.6%), overgrazing (25.3%), deforestation for charcoal production (25.1%), deliberate fire to free lands for agriculture (17.3%) were noticed as major causes of livestock depredation. Conclusions: the results of the present study show that there is strong human-livestock predator conflict in the study area. Therefore, the author suggested that conflict mitigation efforts focus on securing the livestock enclosure to protected areas and regular compensation fees for farmers that face great damage from wildlife. The foremost action should be awareness creation about the environmental, social, and economic importance of protected areas. Park management is also expected to promote community involvements in the future plan of mitigation strategies and practices.
The Association Between Genetic Variants in lncRNA-p53 Regulatory Network and Ischemic Stroke Prognosis
Authors: Liu Xu , wang qianwen , zhao jingjing , chang hongtao , zhu ruixia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective Recently, lncRNAs have been demonstrated to be associated with the p53 regulatory pathway,which serve as regulators or effectors. LncRNA-p53 regulatory network play important role in ischemia induced apoptosis and be importance for post-stroke recovery.Method Eight genetic variants in p53 related lncRNA were genotype in 940 patients to explore the association of SNPs in p53 regulatory pathway genes with ischemic stroke prognosis in a northern Chinese population. Long-term outcome and short-term outcome were respectively assessed by the stroke recurrence and modified Rankin Scale score at 3 months after stroke.Results We first identified for that p53 rs1042522 and LINC-ROR rs2027701 may be associated with the risk of IS recurrence. In our further cumulative effect analysis, we found that these two polymorphisms may jointly be associated with IS recurrence. Patients carrying 2-4 risk alleles had significantly increased risk of IS recurrence compared with those carrying 0–1 risk alleles. In contrast to rs2027701 and rs1042522, other SNP was found to be not associated with IS recurrence. Subsequently, we also found that TUG1 rs2240183 CC genotype was associated with favorable outcome of ischemic stroke after adjusting confound factors. However, the other seven genetic variants in p53 related lncRNA were not associated with functional outcome after stroke. Conclusion P53 rs1042522 and LINC-ROR rs2027701 may have combined effects on IS recurrence and TUG1 rs2240183 may be new biomarker to predict the short-term outcome of ischemic stroke through modulating p53-mediated apoptosis.
Systolic Blood Pressure is Positively Correlated With Headache Frequency: A 3-Month Follow-Up Study on 441 Migraine Patients
Authors: Wang Yen-Feng , Tzeng Yi-Shiang , Lipton Richard B. , Kuan Ai Seon , Chen Shih-Pin , Cheng Hao-min , Chen Chen-Huan , Wang Shuu-Jiun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Whether blood pressure (BP) per secorrelateswith headache frequencyinmigraineis uncertain. Methods Newly diagnosed migrainepatients withoutanti-hypertensive or migraine preventive treatmentwere prospectively enrolled.Standardized BPmeasurementwas doneat each visit. Patientswere dichotomized bythe overall arithmetic mean of baseline systolic BPs (SBPs).Correlationsbetween baseline SBPs and monthly headache days (MHDs),based on prospective headache diaries,weredetermined.Participants were treated as usualfor 3 months. The associationsbetweenchanges (Δ) inBP andin MHDat 3 monthswere examined. Results In total, 441 (344F/97M, mean age 39.1±10.3 years) migraine patients were analyzed, including 197 (44.7%) with above-average SBPs, i.e. ≥120.1 mmHg. There were significant correlations between SBPs and MHDs at baseline (Spearman’s rho=0.181, p=0.012) and between ΔSBPs and ΔMHDs at3months (Spearman’s rho=0.257, p<0.001) in patients with above-average SBPs. In addition, a≥50% MHD improvement increased the odds for5-mmHgSBP reductionsat 3 months(odds ratio=1.70, 95% confidence interval=1.05-2.76, p=0.032). Conclusions SBP was associated with headache frequency in migraine patients and the association was stronger in those with higher SBP. The improvement in headache frequency paralleled that in SBP, although the underlying mechanisms remain to be determined.
Sex Difference in the Interrelationship Between TNF-α&nbsp;and Oxidative Stress Status in First-episode Drug-naïve Schizophrenia
Authors: Zhu Minghuan , Liu Zhenjing , Rippe Jaelin , Sultana Mst. Sadia , Wu Kang , Lang Xiaoe , Lv Qinyu , Yi Zhenghui , Li Zezhi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIncreasing evidence indicates that dysregulated TNF-α and oxidative stress (OxS) contribute to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Additionally, previous evidence has demonstrated sex differences in many aspects of schizophrenia including clinical characteristics, cytokines and OxS markers. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study investigating sex differences in the association between TNF-α, the OxS system, and their interaction with clinical symptoms in schizophrenia patients, especially in first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) patients. MethodsA total of 119 FEDN schizophrenia patients and 135 healthy controls were recruited for this study. Serum TNF-α, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was applied to evaluate psychotic symptoms. Two-way ANOVA, partial correlation analysis and multivariate regression analysis were performed. ResultsA sex difference in MDA levels was demonstrated only in healthy controls (F = 7.06, p Bonferroni = 0.045) and not seen in patients. Furthermore, only male patients had higher MDA levels than male controls (F = 8.19, p Bonferroni = 0.03). Additionally, sex differences were observed in the association of TNF-α and MDA levels with psychotic symptoms (all pBonferroni<0.05). The interaction of TNF-α and MDA was only associated with general psychopathology symptom in male patients (B = -0.07, p = 0.02). ConclusionOur results demonstrate the sex difference in the relationship between TNF-α, MDA, and their interaction with psychopathological symptoms of patients with schizophrenia.
Scopolamine-induced Delirium Promotes Neuroinflammation and Neuropsychiatric Disorder in Mice
Authors: Cheon So Yeong , Koo Bon-Nyeo , Kim So Yeon , Kam Eun Hee , Nam Junhyun , Kim Eun Jung 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPostoperative delirium is a common neuropsychiatric syndrome resulting in a high postsurgical mortality rate and decline in postdischarge function. Extensive research has been performed on both human and animal delirium models due to their clinical significance, focusing on systemic inflammation and consequent neuroinflammation playing a key in the pathogenesis of postoperative cognitive dysfunctions. Since animal models are widely utilized for pathophysiological study of neuropsychiatric disorders, this study aimed at examining the validity of the scopolamine-induced delirium mice model with respect to the neuroinflammatory hypothesis of delirium. MethodsMale C57BL/6 mice were treated with intraperitoneal scopolamine (2 mg/kg). Neurobehavioural tests were performed to evaluate the changes in cognitive functions, including learning and memory, and the level of anxiety after surgery or scopolamine treatment. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1ꞵ, IL-18, and TNF-α) and inflammasome components (NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1) in different brain regions were measured. Gene expression profiles were also examined using whole-genome RNA sequencing analyses to compare gene expression patterns of different mice models.Results Scopolamine treatment showed significant increase in the level of anxiety and impairments in memory and cognitive function associated with increased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3 inflammasome components. Genetic analysis confirmed the different expression patterns of the genes involved in immune response and inflammation and those related with the development of the nervous system in both surgery and scopolamine-induced mice models. Conclusions The scopolamine-induced delirium mice model successfully showed that analogous neuropsychiatric changes coincide with the neuroinflammatory hypothesis for pathogenesis of delirium.
Cell Heterogeneity, Rather Than Cell Solvents Affects the Behavior of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vitro and Vivo
Authors: Wang Yong-Hong , Tao Ya-Chao , Wu Dong-Bo , Wang Meng-Lan , Tang Hong , Chen En‑Qiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been approved to treat various diseases, but they have to be expanded in vitro to gain sufficient cell doses. During the process of expansion, some obstacles remain to be addressed before MSCs translation to clinic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cell solvents and cell heterogeneity on the behavior of MSCs in vitro and vivo.Methods: Human umbilical cord MSCs (UC-MSCs) were dissolved in three different solvents: phosphate buffer solution (PBS), normal saline (NS) and dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM). Their ultrastructure, viability and safety were explored and compared. MSCs from other two separate donors were grouped based on their mean diameters. The ultrastructure, proliferative and hepatic differentiation potential, senescent cell ratio and safety of the two UC-MSC aggregates were investigated and compared. The reason for mice death after UC-MSCs injection was further investigated.Results: The apoptosis rates, ultrastructure analysis and survival rates of mice among UC-MSCs in DMEM, NS and PBS were similar, and no significant differences were observed. The diameters of UC-MSCs of different sizes were measured. Cells with diameter of 15.58±3.813 μm were renamed as larger UC-MSC aggregates and cells with diameter of 19.14±4.885 μm were smaller aggregates. The mean diameter of larger MSC aggregates was significantly longer than that of smaller aggregates (p<0.01). Smaller MSCs had more potent proliferation potential and higher nucleus/ cytoplasm ratio than large ones. The number of cells positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining was higher in larger UC-MSC aggregates. The survival rates of mice receiving 1×106 or 2×106 smaller MSCs were 100%, both higher than that receiving larger UC-MSCs sharing same amount. Meanwhile, the reason for mice death was explored and it revealed that larger UC-MSC aggregates were accumulated and evident in the pulmonary capillary lumen in dead mice.Conclusion: Solvents showed no significant effects on cell behavior, whereas, heterogeneity is quite prevalent in MSCs populations and may limit cell application, but it is easily overlooked. Hence it is necessary to establish a more precise standardization for culture-expanded MSCs and to improve MSCs manufacturing strategies.
Network pharmacology analysis of ZiShenWan for diabetic nephropathy and experimental verification of its anti-inflammatory mechanism
Authors: Guo Xiaoyuan , Wu You , Zhang Chengfei , Wu Lili , Qin Lingling , Liu Tonghua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The inflammatory response plays a critical role in the process of DN. ZiShenWan (ZSW) is a classical Chinese medicinal formula with remarkable clinical therapeutic effects on DN, but its pharmacological action mechanisms remain unclear. Methods: In this study, a network pharmacology approach was applied to investigate the pharmacological mechanism of ZSW in DN therapy. The “drug-ingredient-target” network for ZSW in DN treatment was established with Cytoscape software based on candidate active components of ZSW and targets in DN treatment obtained from databases. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed with the key targets. Because inflammation is important in DN, the key targets and signaling pathways associated with the anti-inflammatory, renoprotective mechanism of ZSW were partially validated in db/db mice. Results: A total of 56 active ingredients in ZSW and 166 DN-related targets were selected from databases. Various related genes and pathways participate in the inflammatory response. ZSW markedly alleviated renal injury in db/db mice by inhibiting the exaggerated release of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor -ɑ (TNF-ɑ), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and regulating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt) signaling pathways. Conclusions: Network pharmacology analysis demonstrated that ZSW achieved therapeutic renoprotective effects in DN by alleviating the inflammatory response via regulation of multiple targets and signaling pathways.
Prognostic Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression in Meningioma: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: Sharifuddin Maryam Ahmad , Sharif Sharifah Emilia Tuan , Jaafar Hasnan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Meningioma is the most common intracranial tumor in adults. In addition to the extent of tumor surgical resection and WHO grade, angiogenesis is a prognostic factor that is influenced by MMP-2. Our study examined the association of these prognostic factors with MMP-2 expression in meningioma. Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed with meningioma between January 2008 and December 2017 was conducted. All samples were re-reviewed and subjected to immunohistochemical staining for Ki67, MMP-2, and CD34. Pearson’s chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test were used to examine the association of MMP-2 expression with the WHO grade and microvascular density (MVD). Results: The study included 99 patients aged 23–75. Most patients were female (73.7%). This study included 85 cases of low-grade meningioma (grade I) and 14 cases of high-grade meningioma (grade II, 11; grade III, 3). The most common subtypes were meningothelial, transitional, and fibroblastic. In total, 62 of 85 patients with low-grade meningioma and 10 of 14 patients with high-grade meningioma exhibited high MMP-2 expression, and the difference in the rates between the groups was not significant. Most patients in this study displayed MVD scores of 1+ (54/99) and 2+ (33/99). Of the 54 patients with an MVD score of 1+, 42 exhibited high MMP-2 expression. MMP-2 was expressed by all patients with meningioma. Conclusion: In the future, more samples are required, in high-grade tumors, to prevent bias, and more specific immunohistochemical markers should be used to evaluate angiogenesis.
miR-17-5p&nbsp;Combined with Epirubicin&nbsp;Inhibits the Progression of&nbsp;Breast Cancer&nbsp;Cells
Authors: Zhao Lingling , Zhu Zhongjian , Du Jiang , Zhao Yuanyu , Fan Dandan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor for women, which has been ranked first in women’ s cancer-related death. The objectives of the study are to uncover the underlying mechanisms of combination therapy of epirubicin with miR-17-5p in breast cancer. Methods: The expression levels of miR-17-5p were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. The survival rate of MCF-7 cell was detected respectively by MTT assay. The expression levels of miR-17-5p in MCF-7 cell was tested respectively with Ep via quantitative RT-PCR. miR-17-5p was to be transected with miR-17-5p mimic and negative control of miR-17-5p mimic (NC). Quantitative RT-PCR, MTT assay, flow cytometry assay, western blot for the proliferation and apoptosis related proteins were performed to determine the function of miR-17-5p in breast cancer cells. The bioinformatic programs TargetScan was used to predict the targets for miR-17-5p. Luciferase reporter gene assay system was used to validate and determine the targets of miR-17-5p. The relation between targets protein levels in breast cancer cells was investigated by western blot. Results: The expression levels of miR-17-5p was associated with the breast cancer tissues. The levels of miR-17-5p was down-regulated in breast cancer tissues and cells. Ep could inhibit viability of cancer cells in a concentration dependent manner and promote the expression of miR-17-5p in breast cancer cell lines. Over-expression of miR-17-5p induced cell apoptosis and upregulated the expression of p53, p21 and p27. miR-17-5p co-cultured with Ep is better than the other groups. The relative luciferase activity revealed that STAT3 was a potential target gene of miR-17-5p. Conclusions: Our work will prove that epirubicin regulated the expression of miR-17-5p to strengthen this effect of epirubicin and inhibited the progression of breast cancer.
Addressing Data and Methodological Limitations in Estimating Catastrophic Health Spending and Impoverishment in India, 2004-18
Authors: Mohanty Sanjay , Dwivedi Laxmikant 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundEstimates of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) are counterintuitive to researchers, policy makers, and developmental partners due to data and methodological limitation. While inferences drawn from use of capacity-to-pay (CTP) and budget share (BS) approaches are inconsistent, the non-availability of data on food expenditure in the health survey in India is an added limitation. MethodsUsing data from the health and consumption surveys of National Sample Surveys over 15 years, we have overcome these limitations and estimated the incidence and intensity of CHE and impoverishment using the CTP approach. ResultsThe incidence of CHE for health services in India has declined from 12.5% in 2004 to 9.1% by 2018 and that of intensity of CHE has increased from 1.25 to 1.31 during the same period. The impoverishment due to health spending was 4.8% in 2004, 5.1% in 2014 and 3.3% in 2018. The state variations in incidence and intensity of CHE and incidence of impoverishment is large. The odds of incurring CHE were lowest among the richest households [OR 0.22; 95% CI: 0.21,0.24], households with elderly members [OR 1.20; 95% CI :1.12,1.18] and households using both inpatient and outpatient services [OR 2.80, 95% CI 2.66, 2.95]. Access to health insurance reduced the chance of CHE and impoverishment among the richest households. The pattern of impoverishment was similar to that of CHE. ConclusionWe recommend the CTP approach when estimating CHE and impoverishment in low and middle-income countries.
Joint Modeling of Hypertension Measurements and Time-to-Onset of Preeclampsia Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Service at Arerti Primary Hospital, North Shoa, Ethiopia
Authors: Haile Dawit Baye , Aguade Aragaw Eshetie , Fetene Moges Zerihun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that affects 2-8% of pregnant women. It is the major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with hypertension measurements and time-to-onset of preeclampsia among pregnant women attending antenatal care service at Arerti Primary Hospital. Methodology: A retrospective longitudinal study design was employed on a total of 201 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of Arerti Primary Hospital between September 2018 and June 2019. A closed-form sample size formula for estimating the effect of the longitudinal data on time-to-event was used. To analyze our data we employed descriptive method, linear mixed effect model, Cox-PH model and joint models for longitudinal and survival outcomes.Relevantdemographicandclinicalcovariateswereincludedinsubmodels. Results: This study revealed that baseline age, visiting times, weight, diabetes, history of PE and parity had significantly associated with mean change in the BP measurements. From the Cox model result, age, weight, history of PE and marital status were associated with a significant hazard of developing preeclampsia. The univariate joint models reveal that the each longitudinal BP measurements are significantly associated with hazard of developing preeclampsia. Form the bi-ariate joint model; only DBP is significantly associated with risk of developing PE. Conclusion: As the result obtained in this study, we summarized that, age, weight, history of PE and marital status had a significant effect on time to developing preeclampsia. Furthermore, due to significance of association between the longitudinal BP measurements and time to onset of preeclampsia, joint model analysis was suggested as it incorporates all information simultaneously and provides valid and efficient inferences over separate models analysis.