bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Early Paget's Disease in SQSTM1 Mutation Carriers: Baseline Analysis of the ZiPP Study Cohort
Authors: Cronin Owen , Subedi Deepak , Forsyth Laura , Goodman Kirsteen , Lewis Steff C , Keerie Catriona , Walker Allan , Porteous Mary , Cetnarskyj Roseanne , Ranganath Lakshminarayan R , Selby Peter L , Hampson Geeta , Chandra Rama , Ho Shu , Tobias Jon H , Young-Min Steven A , McKenna Malachi J , Crowley Rachel K , Fraser William D , Tang Jonathan , Gennari Luigi , Nuti Rannuccio , Brandi Maria-Luisa , del Pino-Montes Javier , Devogelaer Jean-Pierre , Durnez Anne , Isaia Giovanni Carlo , Di Stefano Marco , Rubio Josep Blanch , Guanabens Nuria , Seibel Markus J , Walsh John P , Kotowicz Mark A , Nicholson Geoffrey C , Duncan Emma L , Major Gabor , Horne Anne , Gilchrist Nigel L , Ralston Stuart H 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Mutations in SQSTM1 are strongly associated with Paget's disease of bone (PDB), but little is known about the clinical characteristics of those with early disease. Radionuclide bone scans, biochemical markers of bone turnover, and clinical characteristics were analyzed in SQSTM1 mutation carriers who took part in the Zoledronic acid in the Prevention of Paget's disease (ZiPP) study. We studied 222 individuals, of whom 54.9% were female, with mean ± SE age of 50.1 ± 0.6 years. Twelve SQSTM1 mutations were observed, including p.Pro392Leu, which was present in 141 of 222 (63.5%) subjects. Bone scan examination revealed evidence of PDB in 20 subjects (9.0%), ten of whom (50%) had a single affected site. Participants with lesions were older than those without lesions but the difference was not significant (53.6 ± 9.1 versus 49.8 ± 8.9; p = .07). The mean age of participants with lesions was not significantly different from the age at which their parents were diagnosed with PDB (55 years versus 59 years, p = .17). All individuals with lesions were asymptomatic. Serum concentrations of total alkaline phosphatase (ALP) normalized to the upper limit of normal in each center were higher in those with lesions (0.75 ± 0.69 versus 0.42 ± 0.29 arbitary units; p &lt; .0001). Similar findings were observed for other biochemical markers of bone turnover, but the sensitivity of ALP and other markers in detecting lesions was poor. Asymptomatic PDB is present in about 9% of SQSTM1 mutation carriers by the fifth decade. Further follow-up of this cohort will provide important information on the natural history of early PDB and its response to treatment. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Symbols and labels: Children's awareness of social categories in a divided society
Authors: Taylor Laura K. , Dautel Jocelyn , Rylander Risa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimsHow and when children develop an understanding of group boundaries have implications for conflict resolution. When social divisions are not perceptually distinct, symbols become particularly important. Framed by the Social Identity Development Theory, this study was designed to assess children's categorization of symbols with conflict‐related group labels.MethodIn Northern Ireland, 218 children (M = 8.14, SD = 1.83, range 5–11 years old) participated in a novel task designed for this study. The sample was evenly split by child gender and community background.ResultsChildren sorted symbols above chance with both the hypothesized national (i.e., British/Irish) and ethno‐political (i.e., Protestant/Catholic) labels, showing a stronger association for the former. Sorting was also stronger for ingroup symbols, compared to outgroup symbols, and increased with age.ConclusionThese findings reflect the potential role that a divided social world has on the development of children's understanding of conflict‐related groups. The results also have implications for intergroup relations among children in divided societies.
Synthesis and characterization of some new pyridines, thieno[2,3‐b] pyridines and pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[3,2‐d]pyrimidine‐4(3H)‐ones bearing styryl moiety
Authors: Al‐Waleedy Safiyyah A. H. , Bakhite Etify A. , Abbady Mohamed S. , Abdu‐Allah Hajjaj H. M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract3‐Cyano‐5‐ethoxycarbonyl‐6‐methyl‐4‐styrylpyridine‐2(1H)‐thione (3) was prepared by reaction of 2‐cyano‐5‐phenylpenta‐2,4‐dienethioamide (2) with ethyl acetoacetate or by multicomponent reaction of cinnamaldehyde (1), cyanothioacetamide and ethyl acetoacetate in a moderate yield. Reaction of compound 3 with some N‐aryl‐2‐chloroacetamides, in the presence of sodium acetate, gave the corresponding 2‐(N‐arylcarbamoylmethylsulfanyl)‐3‐cyano‐5‐ethoxycarbonyl‐6‐methyl‐4‐styrylpyridines 4a‐f. When compounds 4a‐f were subjected to Thorpe‐Ziegler reaction conditions, they converted into the corresponding 3‐amino‐5‐ethoxycarbonyl‐2‐(N‐arylcarbamoyl)‐6‐methyl‐4‐styrylthieno[2,3‐b]pyridines 5a‐f. Compounds 5a,e,f were reacted, in turn, with 2,5‐dimethoxytetrahydrofuran to furnish the corresponding 3‐(pyrrol‐1‐yl)thieno‐pyridines 6a,e,f. Reactions of 5a‐f with triethyl orthoformate or nitrous acid were also carried out and their products were identified. Structural formulas of all synthesized compounds was characterized and confirmed on the basis of their elemental and spectral analyses.
Genetic differentiation and phylogenetic potential of Ty3/Gypsy LTR retrotransposon markers in soil and plant pathogenic fungi
Authors: Chadha Sonia , Sharma Mradul 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGenetic diversity studies are crucial for understanding the genetic structure and evolutionary dynamics of fungal species and communities. Fungal genomes are often reshaped by their repetitive components such as transposable elements. These elements are key players in genomic rearrangements and are ideal targets for genetic diversity and evolutionary studies. Herein, we used three Ty3/Gypsy long terminal repeat retrotransposons, Grasshopper, Maggy, and Pyret, for genetic differentiation and diversity in soil and plant pathogenic fungi, representing diverse species, order, and phyla. Pyret DNA markers showed the highest gene diversity and Shannon's information indices, followed by Maggy and Grasshopper. The observed high levels of multilocus polymorphism indicate the continuous mobility of these elements after their transfer in the new host. In conclusion, this study presents novel markers for genetic differentiation and evolutionary studies of fungi, and sheds light on the prevalence of gene acquisition phenomenon in field fungi.
Multivariate use of MRI biomarkers to classify histologically confirmed necrosis in symptomatic total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Sherafati Mohammad , Bauer Thomas W. , Potter Hollis G. , Koff Matthew F. , Koch Kevin M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe failure of total hip arthroplasty (THA) is commonly associated with the necrosis of the periprosthetic tissue. To date, there is no established method to noninvasively quantify the progression of such necrosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of soft tissues near implants has undergone a recent renaissance due to the development of multispectral metal‐artifact reduction techniques. Advanced analysis of multispectral MRI has been shown capable of detecting small magnetism effects of metallic debris in periprosthetic tissue. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the diagnostic utility of these MRI‐based tissue‐magnetism signatures. Together with morphological MRI metrics, such as synovial volume and thickness, these measurements are utilized as biomarkers to noninvasively detect soft‐tissue necrosis in symptomatic THA patients (). All subjects underwent an advanced MRI scan before revision surgery and tissue biopsies utilized for necrosis grading. Statistical analyses demonstrated a weak, but significant positive correlation (P = .04) between MRI magnetism signatures and necrosis scores, while indicating no meaningful association between the latter and serum cobalt and chromium ion levels. Receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were then performed based on uni‐ and multivariate logistic regression models utilizing the measured MRI biomarkers as predictors of severe necrosis. The area under the curve of the ROC plots for MRI biomarkers as combined predictors were found to be 0.70 and 0.84 for cross‐validation and precision‐recall tests, respectively.
Isolated limb infusion: Institutional protocol and implementation
Authors: Carr Michael J. , Sun James , Zager Jonathan S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPatients with unresectable cutaneous and soft tissue malignancies confined to a limb have many treatment options. Isolated limb infusion (ILI) is one therapeutic option whereby the extremity is isolated and perfused with high‐dose chemotherapy through a percutaneously placed catheter‐based procedure. A detailed description of the ILI protocol at the Moffitt Cancer Center is given. We have shown that ILI is a safe and effective treatment strategy for malignancies confined to an extremity.
Cortical Thickness in Dutch Police Officers: An Examination of Factors Associated with Resilience
Authors: Setroikromo Santoucha N.W. , Bauduin Stephanie E.E.C. , Reesen Joyce E. , van der Werff Steven J.A. , Smit Annika S. , Vermetten Eric , van der Wee Nic. J.A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPrevious neuroimaging studies on resilience have generally compared resilience and psychopathology after stress exposure, which does not allow for conclusions regarding correlates specific to resilience. The aim of the present study was to investigate resilience‐specific correlates in cortical thickness and/or cortical surface area and their correlations with psychometric measurements, using a three‐group design that included a non–trauma‐exposed control group in order to disentangle effects related to resilience from those related to psychopathology. Structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from 82 Dutch police officers. Participants were categorized into resilient (n = 31; trauma exposure, no psychopathology), vulnerable (n = 32; trauma exposure, psychopathology), and control groups (n = 19; no trauma exposure, no psychopathology). Specific regions of interest (ROIs) were identified based on previous studies that found the rostral and caudal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) to be implicated in trauma‐related psychopathology. Cortical thickness and surface area of the ROIs—the rostral and caudal ACC—and of the whole brain were examined. No significant differences in cortical thickness or surface area were found between the resilient group and other groups in the ROI and whole‐brain analyses. Thus, the results of the present study provide no evidence of an association between resilience to traumatic stress and measures of thickness and surface area in cortical regions of the brain in a sample of Dutch police officers.
Overabundance of Black‐Tailed Deer in Urbanized Coastal California
Authors: Furnas Brett J. , Landers Russ H. , Paiste Rhonda G. , Sacks Benjamin N. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTAbundance of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in western North America is often considered lower than desirable for hunting. Some coastal populations of Columbian black‐tailed deer (O. h. columbianus) in California, USA, near urban development, however, are perceived as a nuisance and may be overabundant. To determine the density of a potential nuisance population in Marin County, California, we used a combination of fecal DNA surveys, camera stations, and 2 sources of ancillary data on wildlife observations. We estimated an average density of 18.3 deer/km2(90% CI = 15.8–20.7) throughout Marin County during late summer and early fall, 2015 and 2016. Within the county, areas with intermediate human density (885 people/km2, 90% CI = 125–1,646) were associated with the highest deer densities (25–44/km2). Our estimate of average deer density was 1.7–6.1 times higher than published density estimates for deer from elsewhere in California and on the low end of densities reported for mule and white‐tailed (O. virginianus) deer in regions where they routinely cause a nuisance to humans. High black‐tailed deer densities in Marin County may be partially attributed to a paucity of large predators, but more investigation is warranted to evaluate the effects of a recent increase in coyotes (Canis latrans) on the deer population. Analyses of highway road kill rates and citizen science surveys suggest that the deer population in Marin County has been stable over the past 10 years. Our results demonstrate how robust estimation of deer density can inform human–wildlife conflict issues, not just managed hunting. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Evidence for Depressed Reproduction of Golden Eagles in Washington
Authors: Watson James W. , Hayes Gerald E. , Keren Ilai N. , Owens Thomas E. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTBeginning in 1977 the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife conducted annual surveys to determine statewide golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) occupancy and productivity. Current interest in the regional and national status of the species prompted our investigation to determine utility of historical data in assessing trends in reproduction, and to test efficacy of a sampling protocol that surveyed randomly selected territories and also accounted for detection probability. We found evidence indicating poor reproduction from 38 annual surveys conducted at 301 known territories statewide between 1977 and 2014. At 256 territories in eastern Washington, USA, apparent occupancy was low ( = 50.9%) and nesting success declined by 22%. All reproductive parameters were higher than at 45 territories in western Washington. We tested efficacy of a sampling protocol in 2013 and 2014 by surveying 108 randomly selected eastern territories. Probability of detecting eagles for these years from ground (= 89%) was greater than from air (= 66%). Our estimate of territory occupancy, corrected by probability of detection, was lower in 2013 (= 56.7%, 95% CI = 46.3–66.7%) than in 2014 (= 73.7%, 95% CI = 64.8–81.7%), as was the estimated number of breeding pairs (2013: = 158, 95% CI = 151–164; 2014: = 187, 95% CI = 182–192). Higher productivity (young/occupied territory) in 2013 (= 0.59, 95% CI = 0.40–0.82) than in 2014 (= 0.41, 95% CI = 0.27–0.59) and lower proportions of ≥1 immature eagle among nesting pairs in 2013 (16%) than in 2014 (31%), suggested higher immature pairing among sampled pairs contributed to inter‐year differences in these reproductive parameters. Current and historical evidence for depressed golden eagle nesting in Washington is consistent with documented effects from habitat conversion, prey declines, lead contamination, and wind power development. We recommend future surveys in eastern Washington adhere to the random sampling protocol and conduct surveys at regular intervals to allow for trend analysis of reproductive parameters to better monitor golden eagle status. Surveys in western Washington, conducted exclusively from ground at all nests, will improve detection and cost efficiency. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Disentangling effects of local and landscape variables on attractiveness of restored gravel‐sand pits for bat foraging activities
Authors: Kerbiriou Christian , Parisot‐Laprun Marion 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDespite the impacts of extraction activities, quarries have great potential for conservation of biodiversity, and their restoration can be considered a major task in restoration ecology. A particularly important issue is to quantify the roles of the following various factors that may influence biodiversity and restoration success: (a) local variables, (b) landscape variables and (c) ecological management. Following a multi‐model inference, we identify which variables were the most useful predictors of bat activity in gravel‐sand pits. We used data from 21 French gravel‐sand pits provided by the biodiversity‐monitoring scheme, ROSELIERE. Our results suggest that within these restored gravel‐sand pits, landscape variables appear to be better predictors of the attractiveness of restored gravel‐sand pits for the foraging activity of bats than local variables. Species or community indexes appeared to be more sensitive to landscape variables measured at a large scale (i.e., 1,000 m). Among local variables, the time elapsed after operation was a better predictor of bat foraging activity than the description of the habitat itself. The effect was more obvious within a site with an elapsed time since operation greater than 10 years. Our findings suggest that to increase the attractiveness of gravel‐sand pits for bat foraging activities, planning policies should consider not only the intrinsic characteristics of a project (i.e., local variables) but also the surrounding environment (i.e., landscape variables).
mTOR inhibitor use in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A meta‐analysis on survival, tumor response, and toxicity
Authors: Patel Jaimin , Nguyen Shaun A. , Ogretmen Besim , Gutkind Jorge S. , Nathan Cherie‐Ann , Day Terry 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has been rising in incidence primarily related to HPV‐associated oropharyngeal cancers. Novel molecular therapeutics are evolving with the mTOR pathway as a new target. Previous studies have shown variable outcomes with relatively low toxicity. This study reports the tumor response, survivability, and toxicity of mTOR inhibitors (mTORi) in HNSCC. Despite expanding research on this pathway, there remains controversy around mTORi use for treatment of HNSCC.Materials and methodsStudies were included if: (a) Used mTORi alone or in combination with other treatment modalities in HNSCC. (b) Site of cancer included were one of the following: nasopharyngeal, oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx or larynx. (c) All stages of cancer and treatment stage (neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and palliative) were included. The rate of adverse events (AEs), tumor response, progression free survival, and overall survival were meta‐analyzed.ResultsFrom 1299 publications only 11 studies met inclusion criteria with a combined 232 total patients treated. Two studies used mTORi neoadjuvantly, five adjuvantly, and four in palliative/unresectable/metastatic setting. Monotherapeutic mTORi resulted in stabilization of disease (52.5%), but partial response was the most common response when mTORi were combined with chemotherapy and/or radiation (CRT) (48.1%). Survival rate was the highest in the mTORi combined with CRT. Hyperglycemia of any grade was the most commonly reported toxicity while grade 3 or less AEs were the most common grade of toxicity.ConclusionThe use of mTORi as monotherapy in HNSCC has thus far not yielded significant tumor response, however, in combination with other agents, an improved partial tumor response is evident that may or may not be associated with the addition of mTORi. Although adverse events were common, grade 4/5 AEs were uncommon. Further prospective, randomized clinical trials are necessary to confirm the direct roles of these agents in HNSCC tumor response.Level of evidence2a
A critical review of the 15N2 tracer method to measure diazotrophic production in pelagic ecosystems
Authors: White Angelicque E. , Granger Julie , Selden Corday , Gradoville Mary R. , Potts Lindsey , Bourbonnais Annie , Fulweiler Robinson W. , Knapp Angela N. , Mohr Wiebke , Moisander Pia H. , Tobias Craig R. , Caffin Mathieu , Wilson Samuel T. , Benavides Mar , Bonnet Sophie , Mulholland Margaret R. , Chang Bonnie X. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDinitrogen (N2) fixation is an important source of biologically reactive nitrogen (N) to the global ocean. The magnitude of this flux, however, remains uncertain, in part because N2 fixation rates have been estimated following divergent protocols and because associated levels of uncertainty are seldom reported—confounding comparison and extrapolation of rate measurements. A growing number of reports of relatively low but potentially significant rates of N2 fixation in regions such as oxygen minimum zones, the mesopelagic water column of the tropical and subtropical oceans, and polar waters further highlights the need for standardized methodological protocols for measurements of N2 fixation rates and for calculations of detection limits and propagated error terms. To this end, we examine current protocols of the 15N2 tracer method used for estimating diazotrophic rates, present results of experiments testing the validity of specific practices, and describe established metrics for reporting detection limits. We put forth a set of recommendations for best practices to estimate N2 fixation rates using 15N2 tracer, with the goal of fostering transparency in reporting sources of uncertainty in estimates, and to render N2 fixation rate estimates intercomparable among studies.
Field evaluation of a low‐powered, profiling pCO2 system in coastal Washington
Authors: Chu Sophie N. , Sutton Adrienne J. , Alin Simone R. , Lawrence‐Slavas Noah , Atamanchuk Dariia , Mickett John B. , Newton Jan A. , Meinig Christian , Stalin Scott , Tengberg Anders 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSummertime upwelling of deep, corrosive waters on the continental shelf of the northern California Current System can exacerbate ocean acidification conditions, providing unsuitable environments for development of calcifying organisms and finfish that are important to the local economy. To better understand the carbonate system in this dynamic region, two recently developed technologies were combined with other sensors to obtain high‐frequency carbon profile data from July 2017 to September 2017. The compact, low‐power sensor package was composed of an optical sensor for partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2 optode, Aanderaa model #4797) integrated onto a wave‐powered PRofiling crAWLER (PRAWLER). The PRAWLER profiled from 3 to 80 m, stopping at fixed depths for varying lengths of time to allow for pCO2 equilibration. pCO2 derived from a regional empirical algorithm was used to correct optode drift using data at 80 m. Near‐surface adjusted optode pCO2 agreed within 6 ± 42 μatm to surface pCO2 from a nearby Moored Autonomous pCO2 instrument. Throughout the water column, optode pCO2 compared to algorithm pCO2 within −28 ± 66 μatm. Overall, optode uncertainty was 35–72 μatm based on root‐mean‐square errors from all comparison data sets. Errors are attributed to optode calibration, adjustment, algorithm uncertainty, and environmental variability between optode and reference data. Improvements for optode performance within this profiling application include using more stable sensing foils, in situ calibration, and pumped flow over the sensing foil. Additionally, the study revealed undersaturated (corrosive) waters with respect to aragonite below 60 m throughout the deployment that reached up to 40 m by mid‐September.
Expansions of the p‐adic numbers that interpret the ring of integers
Authors: Mariaule Nathanaël 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLet be the field of p‐adic numbers in the language of rings. In this paper we consider the theory of expanded by two predicates interpreted by multiplicative subgroups and where are multiplicatively independent. We show that the theory of this structure interprets Peano arithmetic if α and β have positive p‐adic valuation. If either α or β has zero valuation we show that the theory of has the NIP (“negation of the independence property”) and therefore does not interpret Peano arithmetic. In that case we also prove that the theory is decidable if and only if the theory of is decidable.