bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetic Study of Acetyle CoA Carboxylase-1purified From Serum of Premenopausal Breast Cancer Women
Authors: Mohammad Sabah G , Ali Susan J , Saifullah Perry H 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Acetyle CoA Carboxylase-1 was purified from sera of premenopausal women with breast cancer( before Mastectomy or treatment ) by Gel Filtration using Sephadex G-100 and by Ion Exchange using DEAE-Cellulose A-50, also the molecular weight was estimated by the Acrylamide Electrophoresis in the absence of denaturing elements . The result showed that a single band was obtained at 220KD by Gel Filtering while Ion Exchange showed one band at 200KD. The optimum temperature of purified Acetyle CoA Carboxylase-1 was 40 °C, optimal pH at 7.5 and the optimum substrate concentration at 1.8mM. Michaelis-Menten constant (km) was 0.37Mm and Velocity Maximum (Vmax) was 25mM.min−1 The Activation energy(Ea) was 28 KJ/mol.
Nano metal-complexes of theophylline derivative: synthesis, characterization, molecular structure studies, and antibacterial activity
Authors: Ismail Ahmad H. , Al-Bairmani Hassanain K. , Sabri Abbas Zainab , Mahdi Rheima Ahmed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The new divalent nano metal-complexes of Zn(II), Mn(II), and Fe(II) with new ligand derivate from theophylline were synthesis by ultrasonic sonication method. This method was applied to produce smaller, narrow distributed nanoparticles and without any aggregations. The nanocomplexes and new ligand (L) were diagnosed by different Physico-chemical studies as Analysis of elements (C.H.N), Measuring conductivity, FT-IR spectra, 1H NMR spectra, UV-Vis spectra, flame atomic absorption (FAA), and their microbial activities. The spectroscopic data of the nanocomplexes suggest their 2:1 (L: M) complex structures of Mn(II), Fe(II), and 1:1 (L: M) complex structure of Zn(II). Also, the spectroscopic studies suggested the octahedral structure for Mn(II) and Fe(II) ions and tetrahedral structure for Zn(II) ion. All spectroscopic data propose that new ligand act as a bidentate ligand with its metal ions. The size and morphology of nanocomplexes measured by TEM were in range (14-18) nm. The bacterial activity was checked with the synthesized ligand and nanocomplexes. Activities show that the nano complexes are more promising than their new ligand for microbial activities.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Benzocaine via Oxidation and Bleaching Colour of Rifampicin Dye
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed M. , Othman Nabeel S. , AL-Abady Faiz M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Benzocaine(BENZ) has been estimated by indirect spectrophotometric method. The suggested method based on oxidation of BENZ via N-bromosuccinamide (NBSA) in presence of hydrochloric acid, then the unreacted or the excess NBSA was immerse in bleaching the colour of rifampicin dye(REFPD),the absorbance of unreacted REFPD has been estimated at wavelength 476 nm (the highest absorption of REFPD) .The measured absorbance is directly proportional to the amount of BENZ in the solution. All parameters affected the oxidation of BENZ and bleaching the colour of REFPD and the optimum values have been fixed. Beer’s law(linearity) of the method is in the range of 2 to 15 μ.g.ml−1, the molar absorptivity value equal to 4.295 x 10 3 l.mol−1.cm−1 and the Sandall’s index for sensitivity is calculated and equal to 0.0384 μg.cm−2. The suggested method has an application part included estimation of BENZ in its pharmaceutical formulation (sterile ear drops).
Synthesis and Reaction of 2-Acetylamino-2’- Tellurocyanato-1,1’-Binaphthyl
Authors: Al-Rubaie Ali Z. , Yousif Lina Z. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
2-Acetylamino-2’-tellurocyanato-1,1’-binaphthyl (1) was prepared from the reaction of potassium tellurocyanate with 2-acetylamino-[1,1’- binaphthalene]-2’-diazonium chloride. Treatment of 1 with hydrochloric acid gave bis(2-amino-1,1’-binaphthalene-2’-yl) ditelluride (2) in 65% yield. Reaction of 2 with phenylacetyl chloride and trimethylacetyl chloride gave bis(2-phenylacetylamino-1,1’-binaphthalene-2’-yl) ditelluride (3) and bis(2-trimethyl-acetylamino-1,1’-binaphthalene-2’-yl) ditelluride (4), respectively. (2-Acetylamino-1,1’-binaphthyl-2’-yl)tellurium tribromide (5) was prepared by reaction of 1 with bromine. Partial reduction of 5 gave the corresponding tellurenyl bromide (6) which in turn reacted with KCN to afford compound 1 in good yield. Alkaline hydrolysis of 1 or reduction of 5 and 6 with hydrazine hydrate in boiling ethanol gave bis (2-acetylamino-1,1’-binaphthalene-2’-yl) ditelluride (7) in good yield. All these new compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1H and 13C NMR and mass spectrometry.
Preparation, diagnosis and study of the inhibitory effect of copper nanoparticles before and after Erythromycin loading on Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Hussein K A M , Khalaf A A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the opportunistic nurses, which possesses many virulence factors which makes it a high ability to resist antibiotics multidrug-resistant (MDR).leading to make Antimicrobial resistance is one of the main threats to human health because it leads to increased infection rates and mortality. The present study aimed to evaluate the mechanism of inhibitory effect of the free CuO nanocomposite and its synergistic effect with the anti-bacterial erythromycin ER after it was loaded on the CuO / ER nanoparticle on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from Al-Hindiya General Hospital. The CuO nanoparticles were manufactured by using precipitation method. Diagnosis free CUO and nanoparticles after they were loaded onto nanocomposites by using the AFM atomic force microscope. the inhibition zone diameter measured by Disc Diffusion method the results was indicated the highly synergistic effect on bacteria, while the free nanoparticles are less effective, whereas the antibiotic alone gave the lowest inhibition diameter (21.25 ±0.854, 11.75 ±0.750, 8.50 ±1.040) respectively, moreover this study investigated that The release of the antibiotic ER from the CuO / ER that the second pseudo order model is more applicable to the interpretation of the behavior of ER release from CuO / ER (K = 2.60min-1, r2 = 0.997) which indicates that the forces controlling the release of ER are flexible without dissociation and being affected by the metabolism, and the percentage of ER release was significant due to the intensity of the surface ion exchange between CuO / ER and the anion (CO3)- 2 coming from CaCO, which makes the ER release rate to reach more than 98% in the medium of sodium carbonate at a concentration of 0.05 M within 250 minutes of the start time of the reaction.
NEW RECORD OF THE Genus Pullimosina Roháček, 1983 (DIPTERA, Sphaeroceridae) FROM KERBALA CITY, IRAQ, Study in Forensic Entomology
Authors: Al-Ashbal Haider Naeem , Al-Essa Rafid Abbas , Al-Saffar Hanaa H. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study aims to know the types of insects belonging to the Sphaeroceridae family. During this study, one species registered for this family for the first time to Iraq (New genus and species). It is using two methods of killing are injurious machine (knife) and toxic substance (strychnine). Four areas within Karbala governorate studied and identified to know their spread and time of presence on the body during the stages of decomposition. During this experiment, the bodies of dogs used to identify types of insects attracted to the body during four seasons. The results indicated the presence of the species Pullimosina heteroneura (Haliday, 1836) in the first three stages of decomposing the bodies, but in different proportions and the highest was in the wet decomposition of the body for the spring and autumn seasons.
Isolation and identification of polyhydroxyalkanoates producing bacteria from biopolymers waste in soil
Authors: Yasin Akram R , Al-Mayaly Ithar K 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The production of polyhydroxyalkanoates PHAs from biopolymer degrading bacteria was examined in situ by screening isolates using Sudan B Black staining process as potential PHAs detecting, and Nile Blue staining as a proof method detection. Five bacterial strains isolated from biopolymer waste buried in a garden soil were able to produce high rate of PHA. AK1P and AK2P strains demonstrated high productivity of biopolymer by converting 5% (w/v) lactose as the only carbon source to PHA during fermentation. AY2P strain converted 5% (w/v) of glucose with less PHA accumulation. The favorite temperature for those strains to produce a high rate of PHA was at 30° C.
Molecular detected of heat shock protein70 gene in Layer hens (Lohmann breed)
Authors: Habib Hassan Nima , Karomy Alfred S. , Gheni Qutaiba J. , Saleh Wessam Monther Mohammed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The polymorphisms of the hsp70 gene have been associated with diverse resistance of heat stress in hens. The aim of the current study was to explore the genetic variation of the hsp70 gene in Layer hens that bred in Iraq. One hundred-fifty Lohmann breed hens aged 12 months were used in this study. Blood samples were collected during the period from 1st September to 31st December 2018 and examined for detection the polymorphism of hsp70 gene. We have detected four main polymorphisms groups in the coding region of hsp70 gene among these layer hens. A significant association between the silent and the missense mutations with the polymorphisms of hsp70 gene in Layer hens was found. There was a high homology of the hsp70 gene sequences that obtained from our local layer hens with the related sequences obtained from different hottest and coldest areas. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the different mutations (silent and missense) in the coding region of the hsp70 gene of these local Layer hens predict improve birds’ability to the tolerance of stress conditions, and highlights the need of further investigations.
The Rainfall Erosion of Polish Soils (2006-2016)
Authors: Mousa Nibal Kh. , Ali Ali R. , Abdullah Waleed I. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The study aims to live the rainfall erosion effect on Polish soils from (2006-2016). the very best Rainfall erosion in Polish cities were in Kasprowy Wierch and Śnieżka (1722.4, 579.59 MJ mm ha-1 year-1) respectively, thanks to high sand content and low clay content increased the likelihood of abrasion, while the less were in Łeba, Sandomierz, Racibórz and Jelenia Góra (19.59, 21.307, 25.14,25.28 MJ mm ha-1 year-1) respectively. The rainfall effect more on polish soil thanks to continuing mainly sand and silt texture with small percentages of clay.
Biosorption of lead and cadmium and the potential role of Shewanella oneidensis
Authors: Jaafar Raghad , Al-Taee Asaad 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The bacterium Shewanella oneidensis was isolated from the soil in southern of Iraq,and identified basis on the traditional tests (morphological and biochemicaly ) and development way( high equrance gene sequence using 16S rRNA gene phylogeny analysis). The results, indicated that the isolates bacterium was Shewanella oneidensis. For emphasis the bioremediation ability of bacteria, advance techniques has been applied, included: Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffusion analysis (XRD) and broadcast electron microscope (TEM). Biosorption using different concentration from Cd+2 and Pb+2 with different times has been used to clarify the bioremediation ability. The results of TEM indicate the presence of these metals around the cells of this bacterium with the appearance of some morphological changes. The results of FTIR, and XRD showed a different shifting on the peaks of spectra when they compare with the normal one with occur different peaks for loading bacteria with studied metals, these changes can emphasize the absorption ability of these bacteria.
Study the Optical Properties of (C52H54N4O12) Dye
Authors: Jassim Alaa H. , Aboud Lazem H. , Mohammad Rajaa K. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper includes investigation of linear optical properties for malachite green oxalate (M.G.O) dye melted in ethanol solvent at several concentrates (2×10−5, 1×10−5, 5×10−6)Ml and for (M.G.O) dye films and optical properties of (M.G.O) dye films prepared by casting method for concentrate solution10−3 Ml. Measurement result using (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer to measure (absorbance, transmittance, absorption coefficient (α˳), refractive index( n˳ and energy gap) were found two transitions wavelengths (428,622) nm when dye is dissolved in ethanol and(435,646) nm when preparing films. Linear optical properties were studied for the three concentrations and it was found increased absorption coefficients and refractive index by rising concentration.
The Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Electrical Properties and Particle Size of the Compound Ferroelectric PZT Prepared by Wet Chemical Methods
Authors: Gatea Hamed A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) nanopowder of ratio 35/65 (Pb(Zr0.35Ti0.65)O3 is prepared by one of the most wet-chemical routes called Sol-Gel Processing Method. The Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) is prepared from Lead Acetate and Zirconate (IV) isopropoxide as a source of metals. The acetic acid can be used as a solvent, and 2-methoxy was used as a stabilizer for Titanate (IV) isoproxide. The heat-treated powders at different sintering temperatures are characterized using the XRD diffraction technique, SEM, and LCR meter. XRD pattern shows the tetragonal phase of 35/65 Zr/Ti composition. They exhibited high density which is slightly different from the theoretical density, decrease of voids, stoichiometric chemical material, and homogeneity from both physical and chemical material. It has been found that each ceramic sample was exhibited different particles size depending on sintering temperature. The present work is well-crystallized with nanoparticles and single-phase perovskite PZT powders that can be obtained after heat treatment above 550°C for two hours. The dependence of this crystallization temperature is observed on the preparation condition. Lattice constant distortion is realized on dielectric constant, especially on the tetragonal phase.
Theoretical and experimental studies for different compounds to calculate: electronic transfer, energy gap and NLO properties
Authors: Almashhadani Haider Abdulkareem , Alattabih Hadi D. , Kadhim Mustafa M. , Abbas Zaid M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This work involves theoretical and experimental studies for seven compounds to calculate the electrons spectrum and NLO properties. The theoretical study is done by employing the Time Depending Density Functional Theory TD-DFT and B3LYP/high basis set 6-311++G (2d,2p), using Gaussian program 09. Experimental study by UV/VIS spectrophotometer device to prove the theoretical study. Theoretical and experimental results were applicable in spectrum and energy gap values, in addition to convergence theoretically the energy gap results from ΔEHOMO-LUMO and UV/VIS. spectrum. Consider the theoretical method very appropriate to compounds that absorb in vacuum UV.
SnO2 doped In2O3 thin films as reducing gas sensors
Authors: Hasan Bushra A. 
Published: November 2020

Summery
This research includes description of the x-ray diffraction, morphology and sensing measurements of SnO2 doped In2O3 thin films synthesized by pulsed laser deposition method on glass and silicon wafer substrates. In2O3:SnO2 powders were obtained by mixing In2O3 with SnO2 in the desired ratio, and calcination the at temperature 1273 K for 5 hours. SnO2 doped In2O3 thin films with different ratios (0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, and 0.09% wt.) were prepared using pulsed laser deposition method. The structural investigation using X-ray diffraction revealed that the main peaks were compatible with the slandered cards of indium oxide and indium tin oxide. Atomic force microscope declared reduction of grain size by increasing of tin oxide ratio. The research imply details of samples preparation, experimental methods and results which are given and explained. In2O3:SnO2/n-Si film NH3 sensors were fabricated. The doping ratio that gave the highest sensitivity for NH3 was 5% wt.SnO2. SnO2 doped In2O3 thin films was found sensitive against NH3 at the working temperature 473K. The results showed that the sensors based on I2O3:SnO2 films revealed very short response time(13.5s) to NH3 at 3% SnO2 ratio at473Kworking temperature.
Linear and Nonlinear optical properties of Rhodamine 6G
Authors: Obeed H.H. , Tahir Khawla J. , Ridha Noor J. , Alosfur Firas K. Mohamad , Madlol Rajaa 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this study, the linear and nonlinear optical properties of laser dye R6G in methanol solvent were investigated with various concentrations (1×10−4, 5×10−4, 1×10−5, 1×10−6 and 5×10−6 mole/liter) at thickness (1mm). To study the non-linear optical properties like refractive index and absorption coefficient (β) Z-Scan technique was used in two modes, the first is the close aperture which can be done by putting the aperture in front of the detector to find the non-linear refractive index. While the second mode is the open aperture which can be obtained by removing the aperture to find non-linear absorption coefficient, using two-wavelength 532 and 1064 nm. The results show that all R6G dye concentrations exhibited self – focusing in closed aperture Z-scan in 532 nm except the (1x10−4 mol/liter) in 1064 nm which shown a self-defocusing and the change of the effect of saturation absorption in an open aperture in both wavelength.
High performance and efficiency enhancement for organic solar cell : layers thickness optimization
Authors: Attab Rasool R. , Fllayh Ahmed H. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA mathematical modeling for performance and efficiency for organic solar cell is presented, bulk hetero-junction photovoltaic of ITO layer (indium tin oxide), P3HT (Poly3-Hexylphiophene) PCBM (phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester) was investigated, the results show main effect of all layers thickness and a major effect for the active layer thickness of the electrical energy obtained for this OPV solar cell due to open circuit voltage, fill factor and short circuit current for the OPV solar cell.The efficiency investigation was done according to J-V curves obtained from GVPDM (General photovoltaic purpose device model) which built according to optical treatment and drift diffusion model based on the poisson’s equation solution, we started from 1e-5 to 1e-9 meter thickness for each layer, then by taking optimum thickness for each layer which are about 1e-7 meter we investigate the efficiency for active layer thickness between (1e-7 to 9e-7), the efficiency obtained was about 3.7 to 2.7 respectively.
Study the electrical properties of Sb Thin Films with effect of annealing temperature
Authors: Salman Emad A. , Rahim Hasien Ali 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The electrical properties of the Sb films were studied with different annealing temperatures, these films were deposited on glass substrates at room temperature thermal evaporation technique with thickness (0.5 μm), all samples are annealed in a vacuum for one hour. the d.c conductivity for all deposited films decreases from 17.54 × 10−2 to 12.23 × 10−2 (Ω.cm)−1 with increase of annealing temperature form 373K to 473 K. Increasing of annealing temperature from 373K to 473K, caused the electrical activation energies Ea1 and Ea2 to increase from 0.014 to 0.021eV and from 0.026 to 0.033eV respectively. Hall measurements showed that all the films are p-type.
Enhancement the electronic and optical properties for the dye Disperse Orange 13 and using in the solar cell device
Authors: Khudhair Alaa M. , Bardan Kareem H. , Almusawe A. J. , Ajeel Fouad N. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Disperse Orange 13 (DO13) is from the Azo dye group, its double azo class. It has a good photo-thermal stability dissolvability and easy preparation so that can be used in optoelectronic applications. In this study, three new dye structures group were designed by adding molecular of thiadiazol, thiophene and oxadiazole to DO13 molecular structure, respectively, to enhance the optical and electronic properties of disperse orange 13 azo dye. This study involves investigation and calculation of the optical and electronic properties. energy band gaps, absorption spectrum as a function to wavelengths, frontier orbital (the highest and lowest molecular; the first is occupied and the second is unoccupied orbital), maximum energy, Fermi energy levels, work functions are studied based on the first concepts of the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The study results show an enhancement on optical and electronic properties of DO13 dye. Where the λ maximum values ranged from 454.670 to 496.760 nm, these values are within the visible light region, the absorption increasing from 0.693 for DO13 to 1.288 for DO13-3thiophene. According to all characteristics shown in the study, the new dyes group may be considered a promise material for solar cell applications.
Theoretical Investigation of New Organic Compounds (D-π-A) Based on Triphenylamine as Photosensitizer for Dyesensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Najeeb Hussein Neama , AL-Temime Faeq A. , Al-Khaykanee Mohsin K. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The current work involved suggestion of a new material “D-π-A system” for use in solar cells as organic dyes sensitized. The ground state estimations are done by utilizing the hybrid functional “B3LYP” with 6-311G(d, p) basis set on density functional theory (DFT) method in gas phase. Besides, the TD-DFT was selected with same functional to modulate the electronic absorption spectra and charge-transfer capabilities of the dyes analyzed in this study. The effects of introducing different groups as π-bridge on the properties of these materials were examined with intending to confirm the connection between compounds structure and its properties. In addition, various electronic, optical, chemical reactivity and optical parameters were determined from the fully optimized structures. The results demonstrate these materials can be utilized as organic sensitizers for solar cell because of its properties and probability of the electron injection process from each studied molecule to the ECB “conduction band” of TiO2 and PCBM and the subsequent regeneration are possible, finally the electrons transfer will be simple from the examined dyes to TiO2 or PCBM.
Synthesis of ZnO:B thin films Dropped on Porous Silicon for H2Gas Sensing
Authors: Jabbar Rashid Hashim , Hilal Israa Hadi , Abdulsattar Mudar Ahmed 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPorous Silicon PS has been prepared so as to use it a substrate to dropped ZnO:B thin films with different boron concentrations additions (2- 8) % dropped at 450°C through used the chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) technique in approximately 150nm thicknesses. Crystallite and Grain size decreases with adding more of boron as a doping for zinc oxide films which dropped on the negative type (n-type) and positive type (p-type) of PS. Surface morphology study for the obtained the ZnO:B thin films and for the n-PS and p-PS was studied by TEM, SEM and AFM. Sensing properties of ZnO:B thin films for H2gas showed that the increases of boron leads to increases of the thin films sensitivity, measured sensitivity of the n-PS substrate was more than p-PS.
Effect of Solvents on Linear Optical Properties for Nematic Liquid Crystals
Authors: Naser Ban A. , Abd Ulkadhem Nooralhuda J. , Mousa Abdulazeez O. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this work effect of solvents on linear optical properties for solutions of nematic liquid crystals dissolved in different solvents with different concentrations were investigated. Absorption and transmission spectra of this samples had been recorded using UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The results indicate that the samples dissolved in chloroform solvent possess very large linear optical properties as compared with samples dissolved in ethanol and methanol solvents. As a result it can be used as resonator cavity in liquid crystal lasers and other optical and photonic devices.