bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causes and consequences of facultative sea crossing in a soaring migrant
Authors: Becciu Paolo , Rotics Shay , Horvitz Nir , Kaatz Michael , Fiedler Wolfgang , Zurell Damaris , Flack Andrea , Jeltsch Florian , Wikelski Martin , Nathan Ran , Sapir Nir 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Studying the causes and consequences of route selection in animal migration is important for understanding the evolution of migratory systems and how they may be affected by environmental factors at various spatial and temporal scales. One key decision during migration is whether to cross ‘high transport cost’ areas or to circumvent them. Soaring birds may face this choice when encountering waterbodies where convective updrafts are weak or scarce. Crossing these waterbodies requires flying using energetically costly flapping flight, while circumventing them over land permits energetically cheap soaring.

We tested how several atmospheric factors (e.g. wind, thermal uplift) and geographic, seasonal and state‐related factors (sex and age) affected route selection in migrating white storks Ciconia ciconia. We used 196 GPS tracks of 70 individuals either crossing or circumventing the north‐easternmost section of the Mediterranean Sea, over Iskenderun Bay in southern Turkey.

We found that westward and southward winds promoted a cross‐bay journey in spring and autumn, respectively, acting as tailwinds. Also, overall weaker winds promoted a sea crossing in spring. Sea crossing was associated with flapping flight and higher values of overall dynamic body acceleration and resulted in higher ground speed than travel over land.

The combined environmental conditions and the effects of route selection on movement‐related energy costs and speed were likely responsible for an increase in the time spent flying and distance travelled of migrating storks that decided to cross the bay during spring. Notably, daily travel distances of spring migrants crossing the bay were 60 km longer than those of land‐detouring birds, allowing them to reach their destination faster but likely incurring a higher energetic flight cost. No such benefit was found during autumn.

Our findings confirm that atmospheric conditions can strongly affect bird route selection. Consequently, migration timing, speed and movement‐related energy expenditure differed considerably between the two migratory seasons and the two route choices, highlighting a time‐energy trade‐off in the migration of white storks.

A free plain language summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Selenium supplementation during pregnancy and lactation promotes metabolic changes in Wistar rats' offspring
Authors: Laureano‐Melo Roberto , Império Güínever E. , Kluck George E. G. , da Conceição Rodrigo R. , de Souza Janaina S. , Marinho Bruno G. , Giannocco Gisele , Côrtes Wellington S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEpidemiological and animal studies have demonstrated a strong association between selenium (Se) supplementation and metabolic disorders, we aimed to evaluate whether maternal Se supplementation was able to change metabolic parameters in rats' offspring. Moreover, as Se is a deiodinase (DIO) cofactor, we decided to investigate how thyroid hormones (THs) would be involved in such metabolic changes. Thereby, two groups (n = 6, ~250 g) of female Wistar rats underwent isotonic saline or sodium selenite (1 mg/kg, p.o.) treatments. Although there were no significant differences in body weight between groups, the Se treatment during pregnancy and lactation increased milk intake and the visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) in offspring. The rats whose mothers were treated with Se also presented an improvement in the glucose tolerance test and in the glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion. Regarding the lipid metabolism, the Se group had a reduction of triglycerides in the liver and in WAT. These metabolic changes were accompanied by an increase in serum triiodothyronine (T3) and in DIO 2 expression in brown adipose tissue (BAT). We further demonstrate an increased expression of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma coactivator 1‐alpha (PGC‐1α) and nuclear respiratory factor‐1 (NRF‐1) mRNA in the liver. In adulthood offspring, Se supplementation programs thyroid function, glucose homeostasis, and feeding behaviour. Taken together, there is no indication that Se programming causes insulin resistance. Moreover, we conjecture that these metabolic responses are induced by increased thyroxine (T4) to T3 conversion by DIO2 in BAT and mediated by altered transcription factors expression associated with oxidative metabolism control in the liver.
Dynamic expression of intra‐ and extra‐cellular proteome and the influence of epiphytic bacteria for Nostoc flagelliforme in response to rehydration
Authors: Wang Bing , Yang Jingjing , Xu Chen , Yi Lanxing , Wan Cuihong 
Published: January 2020

SummaryNostoc flagelliforme is well known for its strong ecological adaptability in inhabiting desert biological soil crusts. However, the mechanism of its recovery from quiescent to active state after prolonged dormancy remains poorly characterized. Especially how exoproteome be related to the adaptive strategies and participate in the microalgae‐bacteria interaction. In the present work, we analysed the intra‐ and extra‐cellular proteome of N. flagelliforme over a complete rehydration period both in sterilization and in natural condition for the first time. The protein expression profile for N. flagelliforme has more fluctuations during the first 1 h after wetting but been relatively steady after fully hydrated. According to the extracellular proteomic datasets, we found a dynamic secretion of various extracellular hydrolytic enzymes and membrane transport proteins, which were related to peptidoglycan digestion and nutrient exchange respectively. Two‐hundred and thirteen differentially expressed proteins induced by sterilization also reflect variation in nutrient exchange and highlight symbiosis between N. flagelliforme and surrounding bacteria. We also identified 112 phosphopeptides and 217 phosphorylation site of 95 protein of hydrated N. flagelliforme. The time course datasets we present here will be a reference for understanding the molecular processes underlying N. flagelliforme resuscitation and its potential role in microbial community diversification and soil desertification control.
Analysis of interdomain taxonomic patterns in urban street mats
Authors: Hervé Vincent , Lopez Pascal Jean 
Published: January 2020

SummaryStreets are constantly crossed by billions of vehicles and pedestrians. Their gutters, which convey stormwater and contribute to waste management, and are important for human health and well‐being, probably play a number of ecological roles. Street surfaces may also represent an important part of city surface areas. To better characterize the ecology of this yet poorly explored compartment, we used filtration and DNA metabarcoding to address microbial community composition and assembly across the city of Paris, France. Diverse bacterial and eukaryotic taxonomic groups were identified, including members involved in key biogeochemical processes, along with a number of parasites and putative pathogens of human, animals and plants. We showed that the beta diversity patterns between bacterial and eukaryotic communities were correlated, suggesting interdomain associations. Beta diversity analyses revealed the significance of biotic factors (cohesion metrics) in shaping gutter microbial community assembly and, to a lesser extent, the contribution of abiotic factors (pH and conductivity). Co‐occurrences analysis confirmed contrasting non‐random patterns both within and between domains of life, specifically when comparing diatoms and fungi. Our results highlight microbial coexistence patterns in streets and reinforce the need to further explore biodiversity in urban ground transportation infrastructures.
Parentage of Hydatidiform Moles
Authors: Wenk Robert E. , Baird Michael , Peterson John , Davis Debra , Lieberman Richard , Maly Janice M. , Campbell Lindsey J. , Fox Kathy K. , Schelling Kristin A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe were presented with the STR (short tandem repeat) profiles from two separate paternity trios. Each trio consisted of a mother, an alleged father, and products of conception (POC) that contained a hydatidiform mole but no visible fetus. In both cases, antecedent pregnancies had followed alleged sexual assaults. Mole classification and pathogenesis are described in order to explain the analyses and statistical reasoning used in each case. One mole exhibited several loci with two different paternal alleles, indicating it was a dispermic (heterozygous) mole. Maternal decidua contaminated the POC, preventing the identification of paternal obligate alleles (POAs) at some loci. The other mole exhibited only one paternal allele/locus at all loci and no maternal alleles, indicating it was a diandric and diploid (homozygous) mole. In each case, traditional calculations were used to determine paternity indices (PIs) at loci that exhibited one paternal allele/locus. PIs at mole loci with two different paternal alleles/locus were calculated from formulas first used for child chimeras that are always dispermic. Combined paternity indices in both mole cases strongly supported the paternity of each suspect.
Salvage treatment of NSCLC recurrence after first‐line chemotherapy failure: Iodine‐125 seed brachytherapy or microwave ablation?
Authors: Liu Bin , Wang Yongzheng , Tian Shilin , Hertzanu Yancu , Zhao Xiaogang , Li Yuliang 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundSalvage treatments for recurrent NSCLC after first‐line chemotherapy remain challenging. This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical value of microwave ablation (MWA) and iodine‐125 brachytherapy, including overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS), local control, hospital stay, and health economics.MethodsThe data of 51 and 32 patients who were treated with MWA and brachytherapy was retrospectively analyzed. The number of lesions was limited up to two, with a diameter <4 cm and patients diagnosed with unilateral lung disease. Peripheral tumors were treated with MWA, while lesions close to the hilum were treated with brachytherapy. Contrast‐enhanced CT, blood cell count, coagulation function, liver & kidney function and tumor markers were performed for two years, with complications calculated. OS, DFS, local control rate, toxicity, hospital stay and expense were recorded.ResultsThe one and two‐year OS rates were 96.08% and 92.16% versus 96.88% and 90.62% in the MWA and brachytherapy groups, respectively. The one and two‐year DFS rates were 92.16% and 76.47% versus 93.75% and 78.13%, respectively. No significant differences were observed in log‐rank analysis between the groups. Local control rates at six and 12 months were 100% and 96.08% versus 100% and 96.88%, while incidences of pleural effusion were 3.92% and 3.13%, respectively (P < 0.05). Medical cost was 3356.73 ± 206.87 and 6714.28 ± 35.43 U.S. dollars (P = 0.014).ConclusionMWA and brachytherapy are effective and safe options for the treatment of NSCLC recurrence after first‐line chemotherapy. Which modality should be considered is dependent upon tumor location, tumor size and experience of specialists.
Human volatilome analysis using eNose to assess uncontrolled asthma in a clinical setting
Authors: Farraia Mariana , Cavaleiro Rufo João , Paciência Inês , Castro Mendes Francisca , Rodolfo Ana , Rama Tiago , Rocha Sílvia M. , Delgado Luís , Brinkman Paul , Moreira André 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundAnalyses of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have shown promising results when distinguishing individuals with asthma. Currently, there are no biomarkers for uncontrolled asthma. Therefore, we aimed to assess, in a real‐life clinical setting, the ability of the exhaled VOC analysis, using an electronic nose (eNose), to identify individuals with uncontrolled asthma.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted, and breath samples from 199 participants (130 females, aged 6‐78, 66% with asthma) were analysed using an eNose. A multivariate unsupervised cluster analysis, using the resistance data from 32 sensors, could distinguish three clusters of VOC patterns in the training and testing groups. Comparisons between the clusters were performed using the one‐way ANOVA, Kruskal‐Wallis and chi‐squared tests.ResultsIn the training set (n = 121), three different clusters covering asthma, lung function, symptoms in the previous 4 weeks and age were identified. The pairwise comparisons showed significant differences with respect to chest tightness during exercise, dyspnoea and gender. These findings were confirmed in the testing set (n = 78) where the training model identified three clusters. The participants who reported fewer respiratory symptoms (dyspnoea and night‐time awakenings) were grouped into one cluster, while the others comprised participants who showed similar poor control over symptoms with the distribution of the individuals with asthma being significantly different between them.ConclusionsIn a clinical setting, the analysis of the exhaled VOC profiles using an eNose could be used as a fast and noninvasive complementary assessment tool for the detection of uncontrolled asthma symptoms.
Insufficient referral practices of sick children in Ethiopia shown in a cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Beyene Habtamu , Hailu Dejene , Tadele Henok , Persson Lars Åke , Berhanu Della 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimThis study aimed at assessing the referral of sick young infants and children from the community, health posts and health centres to higher levels.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted in four of the largest Ethiopian regions from December 2016 to February 2017. Referral practices were assessed at each level in 46 districts of these regions. Interviews were supplemented by reviews of registers at health posts and health centres.ResultsThe women's development group leaders, who do not provide health services, referred half of the sick children they visited in the community to the health posts. The health extension workers referred 16% of the sick young infants and 6% of older infants and children to higher levels. From health centres, the health workers referred 6% of sick young infants and 1% of older infants and children to hospital. Many cases of possible severe bacterial infection were not referred to higher levels. A functional ambulance was available for a bit more than a third of the health centres.ConclusionReferral practices of sick young infants and children at all levels were weak that may threaten the continued reduction of child mortality in Ethiopia. Referral logistics were insufficient, which partly could explain the missing referrals of severely ill infants and children.
Development and validation of a questionnaire to assess young patients' experiences with diabetes care and transition
Authors: Hodnekvam Kristin , Iversen Hilde H. , Brunborg Cathrine , Skrivarhaug Torild 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimTo describe the development and validation of a questionnaire in a national Norwegian population‐based cohort study designed to assess the experiences of young people with type 1 diabetes who had made the transition from paediatric to adult diabetes care.MethodsThe questionnaire was developed by the authors based on literature searches, focus group interviews, discussions with experts and cognitive interviews. We included 776 individuals with type 1 diabetes who were last registered in the Norwegian Childhood Diabetes Registry between 2009 and 2012 and had been receiving adult health care for at least 2 years. The data quality was analysed, factor analysis was performed, and the internal reliability, test‐retest reliability and construct validity were determined.ResultsThe response rate was 321 patients (41.4%); 57.6% were female, and the average age at recruitment was 22.9 ± 1.2 years. Seven factors were identified. Satisfactory evidence was provided for the internal consistency, reliability and construct validity of the questionnaire. All scales met the criterion of Cronbach's alpha above 0.4. The test‐retest correlations ranged from 0.64 to 0.92.ConclusionThe thorough validation of the questionnaire proved satisfactory and indicated that it may be of value for further studies measuring patients' experiences with diabetes care and transition.
Efficiency of a radiofrequency sealer (Aquamantys) for parenchymal transection during laparoscopic hepatectomy
Authors: Iida Hiroya , Maehira Hiromitsu , Mori Haruki , Tani Masaji 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe methods of liver parenchymal transection vary across institutions. In this study, we used a radiofrequency (RF) sealer (Aquamantys) as a hemostatic device during laparoscopic liver transection; we also evaluated the usefulness of RF sealers.MethodsFrom April 2016 to May 2019, 113 consecutive laparoscopic hepatectomy patients, excluding patients with combined resection of other organs, were examined. Patient characteristics, operative factors, and postoperative complications were compared between the Cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA) + soft coagulation system (VIO) group; (n = 32) and the CUSA + Aquamantys group; (n = 81). The former underwent liver transection by CUSA and VIO from April 2016 to March 2017, while the latter underwent liver transection using CUSA and Aquamantys from April 2017 to May 2019.ResultsThe median difficulty score was significantly higher in the CUSA + VIO group (5.5 points vs 5.0 points; P = .04). Blood loss per unit area and the liver parenchymal transection speed were not significantly different between the groups. After propensity score matching, blood loss per unit area was similar between the groups, but the parenchymal transection speed of the CUSA + Aquamantys group was significantly higher (0.92 cm2/min vs 0.64 cm2/min; P = .017). Postoperative complications were similar between the groups.ConclusionIn laparoscopic hepatectomy, hemostasis of the transection plane with an RF sealer did not reduce blood loss during parenchymal transection. However, the liver parenchymal transection speed was increased.
Maternal antibodies against paternal class I human leukocyte antigens are not associated with foetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Sachs Ulrich J. , Wienzek‐Lischka Sandra , Duong Yalin , Qiu Dan , Hinrichs Wilko , Cooper Nina , Santoso Sentot , Bayat Behnaz , Bein Gregor 
Published: January 2020

SummaryThe causative role of maternal, anti‐human leukocyte antigen (anti‐HLA) class I antibodies in foetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) remains controversial. Furthermore, in FNAIT cases caused by anti‐human platelet antigen‐1a (anti‐HPA‐1a) antibodies, the possible additive effect of maternal anti‐HLA class I antibodies on outcomes is unclear. Among 817 mother–father–neonate trios of suspected FNAIT, we assessed the possible association of maternal anti‐HLA class I antibodies with neonatal platelet count, and the incidence of FNAIT caused by anti‐HPA‐1a antibodies. In 144 FNAIT cases caused by anti‐HPA‐1a antibodies, we investigated the possible association of maternal anti‐HLA class I antibodies with neonatal platelet count, birth weight, and the incidence of intracranial haemorrhage (n = 16). Maternal anti‐HLA class I antibodies were not associated with neonatal platelet count in suspected cases of FNAIT. There was no significant interaction between the presence of anti‐HLA class I antibodies and anti‐HPA‐1a antibodies. In FNAIT cases caused by anti‐HPA‐1a antibodies, there was no association between the presence of anti‐HLA class I antibodies and neonatal platelet count, birth weight, or occurrence of intracranial haemorrhage. This study’s findings do not support the concept that maternal anti‐HLA class I antibodies represent a risk factor of FNAIT or disease severity.
Development and validation of a 6‐item Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale (RULS‐6) using Rasch analysis
Authors: Wongpakaran Nahathai , Wongpakaran Tinakon , Pinyopornpanish Manee , Simcharoen Sutapat , Suradom Chawisa , Varnado Pairada , Kuntawong Pimolpun 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveThe UCLA Loneliness Scale, containing 20 items, is one of the commonly used loneliness scales. Some shorter versions have been developed using factor analysis. The study aimed to shorten the UCLA Loneliness Scale using Rasch and factor analysis methods and test the psychometric properties of the new scale.MethodsThe full sample of the study included 719 respondents, divided into three subsamples (205, 324, and 190 for samples 1–3, respectively). The original, 20‐item Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale (R‐ULS) was shortened using 205 students (sample 1); the shortened scale was then validated for construct and concurrent validity with 324 students (sample 2) and 190 clinical participants (sample 3). Confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch analysis were used for construct validity. Convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity were assessed by exploring the correlation with other psychological measurements.ResultsIn sample 1, the R‐ULS was shortened to a 6‐item scale (RULS‐6) that fits the Rasch model. The RULS‐6 met the criteria of unidimensionality and local independence without differential item functioning due to age and sex, and good targeting the clinical sample. Person Separation Index (PSI) reflected that reliability from the Rasch perspective was acceptable. However, collapsing categories 2 (sometime) and 3 (rarely) may be required in a clinical sample. When tested in samples 2 and 3, the RULS‐6 fits the Rasch measurement model. Convergent and discriminant validity were demonstrated with interpersonal problems and attachment scales. As expected, a positive correlation was found between RULS‐6 and anxiety, depression subscale, interpersonal difficulties, and somatization subscales denoting concurrent validity. Cronbach’s alpha of the RULS‐6 was good (.83).ConclusionUsing Rasch analysis, the proposed RULS‐6 constituted a 70% reduction of the number of original items, yet preserved the psychometric properties in independent samples of students and psychiatric outpatients.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

The UCLA Loneliness Scale is a common instrument used to gauge loneliness levels.

The 20‐item revised scale (R‐ULS) has acceptable psychometric properties but its construct varies.

Due to the length of the questionnaire, administration of R‐ULS is not always practical.

Short versions vary in items and were developed with classic test theory (e.g., factor analysis).

Rasch analysis – providing more accuracy based on measurement theory – could be used instead.

What does this study add?

Using a Rasch analysis approach, a 6‐item scale of loneliness (RULS‐6) was created.

The RULS‐6 was tested in student and clinical samples, meeting Rasch measurement model criteria.

The RULS‐6 showed promising psychometrics to be used in both non‐clinical and clinical samples.