bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biological characterization of adipose‐derived regenerative cells used for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Okabe Yuka Tsukagoshi , Shimizu Shinobu , Suetake Yukihiro , Matsui‐Hirai Hisako , Hasegawa Shizuka , Takanari Keisuke , Toriyama Kazuhiro , Kamei Yuzuru , Yamamoto Tokunori , Mizuno Masaaki , Gotoh Momokazu 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo assess the characteristics of adipose‐derived regenerative cells, and provide supportive data explaining the mechanism of efficacy observed for the use of these cells in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence.MethodsAdipose tissues were harvested by abdominal liposuction from healthy donors and patients with stress urinary incontinence. Adipose‐derived regenerative cells were isolated from tissues using the Celution system, and assessed for their characteristics and ability to differentiate into smooth muscle cells.ResultsAdipose‐derived regenerative cells isolated by the Celution system developed into fibroblastic colonies. Flow cytometric analysis of adipose‐derived stem cell markers showed that adipose‐derived regenerative cells were positive for CD34 and CD44, and negative for CD31. Immunofluorescence staining after differentiation showed that colony‐forming cells were positive for alpha‐smooth muscle actin, calponin and desmin, which are smooth muscle cell markers. A cytokine release assay showed that adherent cells secreted cytokines associated with angiogenesis, including vascular endothelial growth factor‐A, angiopoietin‐2 and placental growth factor.ConclusionsAdipose‐derived regenerative cells collected by the Celution system might have clonogenic capacity and an angiogenetic function. These properties might contribute to the mechanisms through which regenerative cell therapy by periurethral injection of autologous adipose‐derived regenerative cells ameliorates stress urinary incontinence.
Data Integration by Combining Big Data and Survey Sample Data for Finite Population Inference
Authors: Kim Jae‐Kwang , Tam Siu‐Ming 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThe statistical challenges in using big data for making valid statistical inference in the finite population have been well documented in literature. These challenges are due primarily to statistical bias arising from under‐coverage in the big data source to represent the population of interest and measurement errors in the variables available in the data set. By stratifying the population into a big data stratum and a missing data stratum, we can estimate the missing data stratum by using a fully responding probability sample and hence the population as a whole by using a data integration estimator. By expressing the data integration estimator as a regression estimator, we can handle measurement errors in the variables in big data and also in the probability sample. We also propose a fully nonparametric classification method for identifying the overlapping units and develop a bias‐corrected data integration estimator under misclassification errors. Finally, we develop a two‐step regression data integration estimator to deal with measurement errors in the probability sample. An advantage of the approach advocated in this paper is that we do not have to make unrealistic missing‐at‐random assumptions for the methods to work. The proposed method is applied to the real data example using 2015–2016 Australian Agricultural Census data.
Forty‐eight weeks of statin therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with lower extremity atherosclerotic disease: Comparison of the effects of pitavastatin and atorvastatin on lower femoral total plaque areas
Authors: Zhou Xieda , Wu Liting , Chen Yan , Xiao Huangmeng , Huang Xiaoyu , Li Yanbing , Xiao Haipeng , Cao Xiaopei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAims/IntroductionType 2 diabetes mellitus is correlated with systemic atherosclerosis. Statin therapies have been proved to reduce low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) level, protecting type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from cardiovascular events. Recently, more interest has been focused on the regression of lower extremity atherosclerotic disease (LEAD) for the potential prevention of amputation. However, the effects of pitavastatin and atorvastatin on LEAD in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients have not been directly compared.Materials and MethodsThis study compared the effects of pitavastatin and atorvastatin on femoral total plaque areas (FTPA), and lipids and glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with elevated LDL‐C level and LEAD. Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with LDL‐C level >2.6 mmol/L and LEAD were randomly assigned to receive either pitavastatin 2 mg/day or atorvastatin 10 mg/day for 48 weeks. FTPA were measured at baseline and the end of the study. Levels of glucose and lipids profile were measured periodically. The efficacy was evaluated in 63 patients.ResultsThe percentage change in FTPA measurements was similar between the pitavastatin group and atorvastatin group (−17.79 ± 21.27% vs −14.34 ± 16.33%), as were the changes in LDL‐C (−44.0 ± 18.0% vs −40.3 ± 18.2%) and triglyceride (17.6 ± 20.0% vs 16.2 ± 17.0%). However, the level of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly higher in the pitavastatin group compared with the atorvastatin group after 48 weeks of treatment (12.9 ± 10.3% vs 7.2 ± 11.7%, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between groups for the measurements of glucose metabolism.ConclusionIn type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with elevated LDL‐C level and LEAD, 48 weeks of treatment with either pitavastatin or atorvastatin was associated with significant regression of FTPA. Pitavastatin treatment resulted in a significantly higher high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol level compared with atorvastatin treatment.
Effects of tray drying, vacuum infrared drying, and vacuum microwave drying techniques on quality characteristics and aroma profile of orange peels
Authors: Bozkir Hamza , Tekgül Yeliz , Erten Edibe Seda 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to dry orange peels using tray drying (TD), vacuum infrared drying (VID), and vacuum microwave drying (VMD) techniques and to investigate the effects of different drying techniques on the drying kinetics, physical, chemical characteristics, and volatile compounds. The VMD raised the drying rate and the effective water diffusivity compared to the TD and the VID. It was detected that the TD, VID, and VMD at 50°C required 300, 106, and 20.67 min, respectively. The VMD showed the highest vitamin C, total phenolic substance, total carotenoid content, whereas the TD indicated the lowest color values. A total of 63 volatile compounds which consist of 16 aldehydes and ketones, 4 esters, 34 terpenes, and 9 other types of compounds were determined in dried orange peels. It was determined that the VID technique caused the least destructing in volatile compounds, whereas the TD technique was the most destructive.Practical ApplicationsDrying is a common preservation method used for the long‐term durability of foods. Drying of orange peel conduces not only to decrease environmental problems but also to provide economic benefits. Dried orange peel is used in herbal teas and food products because it is rich in aromatic flavor and odor components. Orange peel was dried using tray drying, vacuum infrared drying, and vacuum microwave drying. The vacuum microwave drying increased the drying rate and effective water diffusivity to others. The vacuum microwave drying and vacuum infrared drying protected quality characteristics, and volatile compounds of orange peels. This study demonstrated that the waste orange peels could be dried with different drying methods and converted into products with high nutritional components.
Religion, Crime, and Social Trust in Historic Germany: Are Catholics More Inclined to Violate Social Norms than Protestants?
Authors: Graeff Peter , Svendsen Gert Tinggaard 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAre Catholics more inclined to violate social norms than Protestants? A tentative answer is yes due to this confession's attitude towards absolution of sins. Opportunities existed for Christians around Reformation times, for example as sales of indulgences. Catholics and Protestants arguably differed historically in their understanding of whether penitence is feasible or not, resulting in different conditions under which Catholics and Protestants decide in situations of social exchange. This is illustrated by ethical game theory and exemplified by historical data. The analysis points to the tentative suggestion that religious socialisation can affect social payoffs of crime and social trust in a long‐term perspective.
Oesophagostomy tube complications in azotaemic dogs: 139 cases (2015 to 2019)
Authors: Perondi F. , Stefanescu A. , Marchetti V. , Gori E. , Pierini A. , Vitalaru B. A. , Lippi I. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesTo retrospectively assess the rate of oesophagostomy tube‐related complications in azotaemic dogs, the influence of the oesophagostomy tube (o‐tube) duration and the therapeutic approach (medical versus haemodialysis) on the complication rate.Materials and MethodsMedical records were retrospectively reviewed in order to identify azotaemic dogswhich underwent o‐tube placement. o‐Tube duration (short‐term versus long‐term), time of o‐tube change, therapeutic approach (medical versus haemodialysis), prevalence of minor (malposition, suture related, inflammation, muco‐purulent discharge, abscess) and major (haemorrhage, malposition, obstruction, dislodgement, vomiting of the tube, food coming from the stoma) o‐tube‐related complications were extracted. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the risk factors for o‐tube‐related complications.ResultsTube‐related complications were reported in 74 of 139 dogs (53%). Minor complications were reported in 66 of 74 (89%) and major complications in eight of 74 (11%). In azotaemic dogs, o‐tube indwelling time (odds ratio (OR) 1.03; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01 to 1.05), and the use of haemodialysis (OR 40.12; 95% CI 9.18 to 175.20) were risk factors for o‐tube‐related complications.Clinical SignificanceThe majority of o‐tube‐related complications were minor, and easily manageable, with no need of hospitalisation, tube‐removal or euthanasia. In azotaemic dogs, the use of haemodialysis was strongly associated with a higher risk of o‐tube‐related complications, possibly as a consequence of the presence of the neck bandage.
Pharmacokinetics of a sulfadiazine and trimethoprim suspension in neonatal foals
Authors: Swain O'Fallon Elsbeth , McCue Patrick , Rao Sangeeta , Gustafson Daniel L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThere is limited investigation of neonatal foal pharmacokinetic parameters for the antimicrobial combination of sulfadiazine (SDZ) and trimethoprim (TMP). Neonatal pharmacokinetic investigation of the sulfadiazine–trimethoprim combination is required to ensure safe and effective utilization in this population. The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of sulfadiazine–trimethoprim in five healthy neonatal foals with oral administration at 24 mg/kg every 12 hr (hrs) for 10 days. Blood samples were collected at serial time points at approximately 72 hr of age (steady‐state) and at days 5 and 10 to monitor the influence of age within the neonatal period. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using a one‐compartment model analysis, and mean ± SDwas calculated. Cmaxwas 37.8 ± 13.4 μg/ml (SDZ) and 1.92 ± 0.25 μg/ml (TMP). Tmaxwas 1.4 ± 0.6 hr (SDZ) and 1.4 ± 0.4 hr (TMP). Cminfor SDZ and TMP was 16.84 ± 8.46 μg/ml and 0.46 ± 0.24 μg/ml, respectively. Elimination half‐life was 10.8 ± 6.1 hr (SDZ) and 6.5 ± 2 hr (TMP). AUC0 → ∞was 667 ± 424 μg × hr/ml (SDZ) and 21.1 ± 5.3 μg × hr/ml (TMP). Foals remained healthy, and the plasma concentration of sulfadiazine–trimethoprim reached levels above MIC(90)forStreptococcus equissp. (SDZ/TMP): 9.5/0.5 μg/ml).
Physiological parameter values for physiologically based pharmacokinetic models in food‐producing animals. Part II: Chicken and turkey
Authors: Wang Yu‐Shin , Li Miao , Tell Lisa A. , Baynes Ronald E. , Davis Jennifer L. , Vickroy Thomas W. , Riviere Jim E. , Lin Zhoumeng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPhysiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are growing in popularity due to human food safety concerns and for estimating drug residue distribution and estimating withdrawal intervals for veterinary products originating from livestock species. This paper focuses on the physiological and anatomical data, including cardiac output, organ weight, and blood flow values, needed for PBPK modeling applications for avian species commonly consumed in the poultry market. Experimental and field studies from 1940 to 2019 for broiler chickens (1–70 days old, 40 g ‐ 3.2 kg), laying hens (4–15 months old, 1.1–2.0 kg), and turkeys (1 day−14 months old, 60 g −12.7 kg) were searched systematically using PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect for data collection in 2019 and 2020. Relevant data were extracted from the literature with mean and standard deviation (SD) being calculated and compiled in tables of relative organ weights (% of body weight) and relative blood flows (% of cardiac output). Trends of organ or tissue weight growth during different life stages were calculated when sufficient data were available. These compiled data sets facilitate future PBPK model development and applications, especially in estimating chemical residue concentrations in edible tissues to calculate food safety withdrawal intervals for poultry.
Roost elevation and ambient temperature best predict use of summer heterothermy in eastern red bats
Authors: Monarchino M. N. , Johnson J. S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTemperate bat species cope with environmental temperatures outside their thermoneutral zone through physiological responses, habitat selection, and social roosting. While there have been several studies examining these factors in bat species that form maternity colonies in tree cavities, underneath bark, or in manmade structures, such studies rarely focus on bats that roost solitarily in tree foliage. To better understand the thermal environment of a foliage‐roosting bat and how they respond to thermal stimuli, we used temperature‐sensitive radio‐telemetry and environmental dataloggers to study the eastern red bat (Lasiurus borealis) in southeast Ohio. We collected skin temperatures from eight male and nine reproductive female bats in combination with microclimate data from 25 bat roosts and 15 random trees. We found that elevation, minimum ambient temperature, and maximum ambient temperature best predicted bat skin temperatures, while sex had little effect. We also found that trees located at higher elevations had warmer canopy microclimates than those at lower elevations, but temperatures did not differ between roost and random trees. These results show that solitary, foliage‐roosting species use torpor extensively in response to cool temperatures during summer. These results have conservation implications, indicating that areas on the landscape with warmer conditions are important for reducing the cost of maintaining euthermic body temperatures. In southeastern Ohio, this includes upland forests, but our data suggest that temperatures at slope positions, and not the elevation itself, are the important habitat feature for eastern red bats.
Prevalence of Wilson disease based on genome databases in Japan
Authors: Yamaguchi Hiroshi , Nagase Hiroaki , Tokumoto Shoichi , Tomioka Kazumi , Nishiyama Masahiro , Takeda Hiroki , Ninchoji Takeshi , Nagano China , Iijima Kazumoto , Nozu Kandai 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundWilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene. In 1984, Scheinberg and Sternlieb estimated the prevalence of WD to be 1:30 000. However, recent epidemiological studies have reported increasing prevalence rates in different populations. The carrier frequency of ATP7B variants and the prevalence of WD in the Japanese population have not been reported using multiple databases.MethodsMultiple public databases were used. First, we included mutations in the ATP7B gene that were registered in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) Professional, where 885 ATP7B variants were identified as pathogenic. Next, we investigated the allele frequencies of these 885 variants in Japanese individuals using the Human Genetic Variation Database (HGVD) and the Japanese Multi Omics Reference Panel (jMorp).ResultsOf the 885 variants of ATP7B, 7 and 12 missense and nonsense variants, zero and three splicing variants, and zero and two small deletions were found in the HGVD and in jMorp, respectively. The total allele frequencies of the ATP7B mutations were 0.011 in the HGVD and 0.014 in the jMorp. According to these data, the carrier frequencies were 0.022 (2.2%) and 0.028 (2.8%), respectively, and patient frequencies were 0.000121 (1.21/10 000 individuals) and 0.000196 (1.96/10 000 individuals), respectively.ConclusionsThis is the first study to report the carrier frequency of ATP7B variants and the prevalence of WD in Japan using multiple databases. The calculated prevalence of WD was comparatively higher than that of previous reports, indicating previous underdiagnosis or the existence of less severe phenotypes.
Selecting Talented Migrants: Majority and Minority Perspectives
Authors: Gale Jessica , Staerklé Christian 
Published: December 2020

Many countries seek to specifically attract talented migrants in order to match the needs of national economies. In addition to the well‐known intergroup antagonism between natives and immigrants, such immigration policies targeting talented migrants imply differentiation within the immigrant group, using normative criteria to distinguish desirable and economically useful immigrants from undesirable ones. Based on European Social Survey data (Round 7, N = 9856) comprised of national citizens from six multinational countries, we show that national majorities support individualized, “cherry picking” immigration policies to a greater degree than historical national minorities and that this support is associated with national majorities' stronger sense of identification with the country and its individualistic norms. We thereby conceptualize a novel facet of multiculturalism based on individual justice principles that is rarely at the forefront of research on immigration and multiculturalism.
Mental representations of daily activities throughout the course of dementia
Authors: Ross Sabrina D. , Rodriguez Francisca S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundSince dementia is a result of cognitive rather than physical impairment, cognitive aspects are important for care planning. This mixed‐model study aims to understand how the loss of cognitive functioning affects mental representations of daily activities.MethodsMental representations were assessed via the script generation task of daily activities (grocery shopping, dentist appointment, doing laundry, leaving the house, car accident) and a qualitative semi‐structured interview from 25 people (age (mean: 67.64; SD: 23.625), gender (f: 14 (56%); m: 17 (68%)). Cognitive status was assessed via the Montreal Cognitive Assessment.ResultsMental representations of daily activities loose content and get inaccurate throughout the disease (i.e. number of actions, abstractions, unemotional content) with poorer cognitive status. People with mild dementia report the most strategies and extend their mental representation by including strategies to circumvent experienced problems. Overall, mental representations of daily activities seem to be largely intact throughout the course of dementia (i.e. sequencing, personalisations, intrusions, examples, emotional content).ConclusionThis study outlines that even though the content of mental representations decreases with dementia, the mental representations themselves remain in good order. Performance of daily activities throughout dementia may be hampered by the loss of content of the generated actions.
Failure on all fronts: Qualitative analysis of the oral health care experience in individuals with intellectual disability
Authors: Hassona Yazan , Aljafari Ahmad , Atef Ala'a , Abdalfattah Leen , Hosey Marie Therese 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimTo explore the oral health care experience of individuals with intellectual disability and their families.MethodsA qualitative approach utilising face‐to‐face semi‐structured interviews with parents of individuals with intellectual disability. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim, and Qualitative Framework Analysis was used to present the results.ResultsTwenty‐six parents of 26 individuals with intellectual disability were interviewed. The interviewees were 10 males and 16 females, and their average age was 46.4 ± 11.2 years (range 28‐66). The average age of individuals with intellectual disability was 17.9 ± 9.2 years (range 6‐48), and there were 11 (42.3%) males and 15 (57.7%) females. The interviewees reported that challenges to oral health care do occur on multiple levels: (a) home environment; (b) primary dental care; (c) secondary dental care facilities; (d) health and education policies and systems; and (e) societal views on individuals with intellectual disability.ConclusionIndividuals with intellectual disability and their families are being failed at multiple levels of oral health care, leaving parents feeling frustrated, isolated, and sometimes helpless. Collaborative efforts are needed to train families to prevent oral health disease at home, establish better primary and secondary oral health care systems, and overcome wider cultural, social, and economic barriers.
Bicuspid aortic valve and sports: From the echocardiographic evaluation to the eligibility for sports competition
Authors: D’Ascenzi Flavio , Valentini Francesca , Anselmi Francesca , Cavigli Luna , Bandera Francesco , Benfari Giovanni , D’Andrea Antonello , Di Salvo Giovanni , Esposito Roberta , Evola Vincenzo , Malagoli Alessandro , Elena Mandoli Giulia , Santoro Ciro , Galderisi Maurizio , Mondillo Sergio , Cameli Matteo ,   the Working Group of Echocardiography of the Italian Society of Cardiology (SIC)
Published: December 2020

AbstractBicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart defect in adults. Although a BAV may remain without clinical consequences for a lifetime, it can deteriorate in aortic valve stenosis and regurgitation and aortic dilatation. Unfortunately, the impact of regular training on patients with BAV and its natural course is not fully understood, although preliminary evidence suggests that the progression of valvular disease occurs primarily in an independent manner from sports practice. The current review aims to report how to perform a comprehensive echocardiographic examination in athletes with BAV and analyze the current literature on the influence of sports practice and how it impacts the aortic valve in athletes with BAV. The article also summarizes the current recommendations on sports eligibility and disqualification for competitive athletes with BAV.