bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analysis of factors related to the development of in-stent restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention: Retracted
Authors: Zhang Gai , Li Shufang , Lin Ping , Chen Yumei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
To investigate the relationship between life style, medication adherence and the development of in-stent restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention.
A total of 230 patients with coronary heart disease were recruited and investigated with semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, international physical activity questionnaire, screening tool for psychological and Morisky questionnarie. Logistic regression was used for statistical analysis.
Logistic regression analysis revealed that there was positive correlation between Morisky score (OR = 1.503), anger (OR = 1.135) and restenosis; and there was negative correlation between physical activity (OR = 0.346), folate intake (OR = 0.926), Vitamin C ingestion (OR = 0.881) and restenosis.
The lifestyle and medication adherence of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention are predictors of restenosis, suggesting that it is necessary to strength intervention program to reduce restenosis.
Differential role of triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 2 R47H in 3 neurodegenerative diseases based on a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Bin , Li Rui , Zhang Yufan , Gao Xia 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
Recent studies have suggested that the potential functional polymorphism R47H in triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is associated with several neurodegenerative diseases, however, the results remain inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between TREM2 R47H and the risk for 3 typical neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Methods:
A literature review was carried out using PubMed, Medline, and Embase. Data analysis was conducted using Stata 15.0 software. The pooled odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) were calculated.

Results:
A total of 35 articles were identified as eligible: 22 on AD, 3 on ALS, 7 on PD, 2 on AD and ALS, and 1 on ALS and PD. The AD set included 23,092 cases and 30,920 controls, the ALS set included 7391 cases and 12,442 controls, and the PD set included 8498 patients and 9161 controls. We found that R47H was associated with an increased risk of AD in the total pooled population (P < .001, OR = 4.02, 95% CI = 3.15–5.13). However, this significant difference existed for Caucasian people (OR = 4.16, 95% CI = 3.24–5.33) but not for Asian or African people. Moreover, we did not find any significant differences in minor allele frequency distribution between the PD and control groups or between the ALS and control groups, not only for the total pooled population but also for the subgroups of different ethnicities.

Conclusion:
Our study suggested that R47H in the TREM2 gene leads to an increased risk for developing AD, but not for ALS and PD, which adds evidence to the notion that diverse pathogenesis may be involved in different neurogenerative diseases.
Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction procedures for emphysema
Authors: Xu Wu , Wang Junyi , He Xiang , Wang Junlan , Wu Dehong , Li Guoping 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) offers alternative novel treatments for patients with emphysema. Comprehensive evidence for comparing different BLVR remains unclear. To estimate the effects of different BLVR on patients with emphysema. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases from January 2001 to August 2017 were searched. Randomized clinical trials evaluated effects of BLVR on patients with emphysema. The relevant information was extracted from the published reports with a predefined data extraction sheet, and the risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tools. Pair-wise metaanalyses were made using the random-effects model. A random-effects network meta-analysis was applied within a Bayesian framework. The quality of evidence contributing to primary outcomes was assessed using the GRADE framework. 13 trials were deemed eligible, including 1993 participants. The quality of evidence was rated as moderate in most comparisons. Medical care (MC)was associated with the lowest adverse events compared with intrabronchial valve (IBV)(-2.5,[-4.70 to -0.29]), endobronchial valve (EBV) (-1.73, [-2.37 to -1.09]), lung volume reduction coils (LVRC) (-0.76, [-1.24 to -0.28]), emphysematous lung sealant (ELS) (-1.53, [-2.66 to -0.39]), and airway bypass(-1.57, [-3.74 to 0.61]). Adverse events in LVRC were lower compared with ELS (-0.77,[-2.00 to 0.47]). Bronchoscopic thermal vapor ablation (BTVA) showed significant improvement in FEV1 compared with MC (0.99, [0.37 to 1.62]), IBV (1.25, [0.25 to 2.25]), and LVRC (0.72, [0.03 to 1.40] ). Six  minute walking distance (6 MWD) in ELS was significantly improved compared with other four BLVR, sham control, and MC (-1.96 to 1.99). Interestingly, MC showed less improvement in FEV1 and 6MWDcompared with EBV (-0.45, [-0.69 to -0.20] and -0.39, [-0.71 to -0.07], respectively). The mortality in MC and EBV was lower compared with LVRC alone (-0.38, [-1.16 to 0.41] and -0.50, [-1.68 to 0.68], respectively). BTVA and EBV led to significant changes in St George's respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) compared with MC alone (-0.74, [-1.43 to -0.05] and 0.44, [0.11 to 0.78], respectively). BLVR offered a clear advantage for patients with emphysema. EBV had noticeable beneficial effects on the improvement of forced expiratory volume 1, 6MWD and SGRQ, and was associated with lower mortality compared with MC in different strategies of BLVR.
A pilot study exploring the efficacy and safety of herbal medicine on Korean obese women with metabolic syndrome risk factors
Authors: Kim Hyun-ju , Ko Youme , Kim Hojun , Cha Yun-Yeop , Jang Bo-Hyoung , Song Yun-Kyung , Ko Seong-Gyu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
Obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome, a condition that increases one's risk for heart disease and other conditions. The prevalence of obesity and associated diseases have steadily increased among Korean adults. The effect of the herbal medicines Daesiho-tang (DSHT) and Chowiseungcheng-tang (CST) on obesity have been reported. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Daesiho-tang and Chowiseungcheng-tang on obese Korean women with high risk for metabolic syndrome.

Methods/design:
This study is a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multi-center, 3-arm, parallel group clinical trial. A total of 120 participants will be enrolled and randomly assigned to the Daesiho-tang group, the Chowiseungcheng-tang group, or the placebo group in a 1:1:1 ratio using an internet-based randomization system at visit 2. Each group will be administered DSHT, CST, or placebo 3 times per day for 12 weeks. The primary outcome is to evaluate the changes in mean body weight of participants in the DSHT and CST groups and compare with those in the placebo group, and determine their statistical significance, if any, after 12 weeks. The secondary outcomes are the following: changes in body fat percentage and body fat mass, changes in waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and body mass index, changes in serum lipids, fasting blood sugar, blood pressure, and C-reactive proteins (CRP) levels between visit 1 and visit 5 measurements. Changes in visceral fat volume determined through abdominal computed tomography, patient-reported health outcomes surveys—the Korean version of the Obesity-related Quality of Life and the Korean version of Eating Attitudes Test.

Discussion:
This study will provide research methodologies for evaluating the efficacy and safety of Daesiho-tang and Chowiseungcheng-tang on obese Korean women with high risk for metabolic syndrome.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02651454. Registered on 11 January 2016.
Protocol version: The final approved version of the trial protocol is V1.3.(2017.11.10).
Apremilast for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa associated with psoriatic arthritis in multimorbid patients
Authors: Garcovich Simone , Giovanardi Giulia , Malvaso Dalma , De Simone Clara , Peris Ketty 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a complex, chronic, difficult to treat condition belonging to the spectrum of cutaneous immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Systemic treatment options for moderate-severe disease are limited to TNF-alpha antagonists and other biologic agents, with limited clinical evidence.

Patient concerns:
We report two adult patients with severe hidradenitis suppurativa presenting concomitant psoriatic arthritis and multiple medical comorbidities. Both were ineligible or resistant to adalimumab, the only biologic drug approved for the treatment of hidradenitis.

Diagnosis:
Both patients were diagnosed with severe Hurley III-stage disease and psoriatic arthritis, showing resistance to first-line systemic treatments and a complex comorbidity profile.

Interventions:
Patients underwent treatment with apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, approved for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis.

Outcomes:
After 16 weeks of treatment, a clinically relevant improvement of inflammatory lesions, skin- and arthritis-related pain, and patient-reported outcomes was achieved in both patients. Apremilast was well tolerated and continued up to 48 weeks of treatment.

Conclusion:
We report the “real-life” use of apremilast in the treatment of multimorbid patients with hidradenitis suppurativa and review its potential role in the management of this severe condition.
Identifying the insulin resistance index in nondiabetic Chinese subjects
Authors: Tuo Xiu , Yuan Jing , Wang Xu-Hong , Xin Zhong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the present study, the performance of anthropometric parameters, lipid and glucose indexes, and the combination of anthropometric parameters with the TyG (triglycerides × fasting plasma glucose) metabolic index, was compared in detecting insulin resistance (IR) to evaluate the optimal cut-off points in nondiabetic Chinese individuals. A total of 1067 nondiabetics underwent oral glucose tolerance test, blood lipid, and fasting insulin measurements. The clinical usefulness of various parameters— body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), TyG, triglycerides/ high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and TyG with adiposity status (TyG-BMI [TyG × BMI] and TyG-WC)—was analyzed to identify IR. Spearman correlation and receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses were used to compare the predictive efficacy of different indicators. All indicators showed a positive correlation with IR in both normal glucose and all subjects. However, the correlation between BMI and homeostasis model assessment of IR index was higher than other indicators as assessed by Spearman correlation test (P < .05). Furthermore, BMI and TyG-BMI were better indicators than others as determined by comparing the area under the receiver-operating characteristics curves (P < .05) in detecting IR. BMI is a simple and accurate measure for detecting IR in Chinese subjects. The 27 kg/m2threshold was the optimal BMI cut-off point for detecting IR in both normal glucose and all glucose categories subjects.
Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma originating from a minor salivary gland in the nasal septum
Authors: Lee Young Sub , Ha Sun Mok , Paik Seung Won , Yang Hui Joon , Jeon Hyun Jong , Park Dong-Joon , Hwang Chi Sang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is an extremely rare, malignant neoplasm that occurs most frequently in the major salivary glands and accounts for approximately 1% of all salivary gland neoplasms. Few reports have described the presence of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma in the sinonasal region; hence, the treatment guideline and prognosis remain unclear.

Patient concerns:
We reported a case of a 75-year-old woman with complaint of nasal obstruction and frequent epistaxis for 3 years. During the nasal endoscopic examination, a mass in the left nasal cavity originating from the left nasal septum that caused bleeding on touch was observed.

Diagnoses:
A diagnosis of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma was made based on the features of histopathology and immunohistochemistry of the surgical specimens. The patient was treated by surgical removal of the septal mass using the endonasal endoscopic approach.

Outcomes:
In the serial follow-up paranasal sinus imaging and endoscopic inspection, evidence of recurrence was absent for 18 months after surgery.

Lessons:
This report highlights a case of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma originating from a minor salivary gland in the nasal septum, one of the most unusual locations. Diagnosis of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma should be made based on the findings of immunohistochemistry of the operative specimen. Clinicians should consider complete surgical resection as the effective treatment of choice.
The Relationship of Injury and Complaints of Police Use of Excessive Force
Authors: Strote Jared , Hickman Matthew J. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Use of excessive force (UOEF) is an important and controversial topic but little is known about how injury severity is related to allegations of UOEF. We hypothesized that such complaints would be associated with more significant traumatic injuries. Emergency department records were searched for all individuals making UOEF complaints against an urban police department from 2010 to 2012. Demographic, diagnosis, and other medical data, including Injury Severity Score, were obtained. From police records, force used, suspect resistance and threat, and other call data were obtained. The same data were collected for a control group randomly chosen from all use-of-force events identified during the study period. Of the 235 complaints filed, 42 (18%) subjects had medical evaluation. The control group was significantly younger and more likely to be male; there was no significant difference in race or income. Major injuries were infrequent. No significant difference was found in Injury Severity Score or other medical variables between the 2 groups. Among the law enforcement variables, the only significant difference was a higher likelihood of psychiatric-related calls in the control group. The majority of patients alleging UOEF did not require immediate medical attention, and we found no relationship between injury severity and UOEF complaints.
The HIV Continuum of Care for Adolescents and Young Adults Attending 13 Urban US HIV Care Centers of the NICHD-ATN-CDC-HRSA SMILE Collaborative
Authors: Kapogiannis Bill G. , Koenig Linda J. , Xu Jiahong , Mayer Kenneth H. , Loeb Jacqueline , Greenberg Lauren , Monte Dina , Banks-Shields Marinna , Fortenberry J. Dennis ,   the Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions
Published: January 2020

Background:
Almost one-quarter of all new HIV diagnoses in the United States occur among persons aged 13–24 years. These youths have the poorest HIV care continuum (HCC) outcomes, yet few empirical youth-specific data are available.

Methods:
The Strategic Multisite Initiative for the Identification, Linkage, and Engagement in Care of HIV-infected youth (SMILE) helped HIV-infected (mostly newly diagnosed) youth, aged 12–24 years, link to youth-friendly care, and evaluated each milestone of the HCC (October 2012–September 2014). Numbers of HIV-infected youth referred, linked, engaged, and retained in care were recorded, along with sociodemographics. Viral suppression (VS) was defined as ≥1 HIV viral load (VL) below the level of detection on study. Correlates of VS were examined using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results:
Among 1411 HIV-infected youth, 1053 (75%) were linked, 839 (59%) engaged, and 473 (34%) retained in care at adolescent health care sites. Antiretroviral therapy was initiated among 474 (34%), and 166 (12%) achieved VS. Predictors of VS included lower VL at baseline [aHR 1.56 (95% CI: 1.32–1.89), P < 0.0001], recent antiretroviral therapy receipt [aHR 3.10 (95% CI: 1.86–5.18), P < 0.0001], and shorter time from HIV testing until referral to linkage coordinator [aHR 2.52 (95% CI: 1.50–4.23), P = 0.0005 for 7 days to 6 weeks and aHR 2.08 (95% CI: 1.08–4.04), P = 0.0294 for 6 weeks to 3 months compared with >3 months].

Conclusions:
Although this large national sample of predominately newly diagnosed youths linked to care at similar rates as adults, they achieved disproportionately lower rates of VS. Prompt referral to youth-friendly linkage services was an independent predictor of VS. Youth-focused interventions are urgently needed to improve their HCC outcomes.
Sjögren Syndrome in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Ruiz-Ordoñez Ingrid , Aragón Cristian C. , Padilla-Guzmán Alejandro , Rosero Felipe , Gallego Anggie , Quintana Jhon H. , Suárez-Avellaneda Ana , Tobón Gabriel J. 
Published: January 2020

Background/Objective
Studies on the clinical characteristics, prognosis, and factors associated with mortality in patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS), particularly those in the intensive care unit (ICU), are limited. The present study aimed to describe clinical and immunological variables associated with mortality in patients with SS admitted to ICU at a single center in Cali, Colombia.

Methods
An observational, medical records review study was performed between 2011 and 2019 by reviewing the clinical records of patients with SS admitted to ICU at a high-complexity center.

Results
Seventy-two patients were included with a total of 117 ICU admissions (17 cases required readmission and 1 case required 17 readmissions): 103 (86.32%) were attributable to medical issues, and 14 corresponded to surgical admissions. Major causes of ICU medical admission were infection (44/103) followed by organ involvement. Only 5 admissions were related to SS due to neurological involvement. The APACHE (Acute Physiology, Age, and Chronic Health Evaluation) score was 10 (interquartile range [IQR], 7–16), the SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) score was 2 (IQR, 0–14), and the EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) score was 0 (IQR, 0–12) with higher values in the nonsurvivor group. Intensive care unit mortality was 12/72 (16.67%).

Conclusions
The main cause of ICU admission was infection. Patients with increased medical requirements, such as mechanical ventilation and vasopressor support, and with higher APACHE, SOFA, and ESSDAI scores were more susceptible to poor outcomes. Moreover, 50% of deaths were attributable to SS and 25% to infection.
Different Severity of Clinical Outcomes Between the 2 Subgroups of Stage 1 Acute Kidney Injury After Liver Transplantation
Authors: Lee Ho-Jin , Kim Won Ho , Jung Chul-Woo , Suh Kyung-Suk , Lee Kook Hyun 
Published: January 2020

Background.
Although the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria is used to define acute kidney injury (AKI) after liver transplantation, the criteria was criticized for including 2 heterogeneous groups of different serum creatinine (sCr) criteria together in AKI stage 1. We investigated whether there are significant differences in clinical outcomes between 2 subgroups of patients within AKI stage 1.

Methods.
A total of 1440 cases were reviewed. The AKI stage 1 (n = 443) were divided into 2 subgroups based on changes in sCr level (stage 1a: ≥0.3 mg/dL of absolute sCr increase, n = 251; stage 1b: ≥50% relative sCr increase, n = 192). Propensity score analysis was performed between stage 1a and 1b groups, yielding 157 matched pairs. We compared the length of hospital stay, early allograft dysfunction, and 5-year all-cause mortality between these subgroups after matching. Kaplan–Meier analyses were performed to compare the graft or overall survival between the subgroups after matching. Sensitivity analysis for Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria was performed.

Results.
Length of hospital stay and 5-year all-cause mortality was significantly worse in patients with stage 1b compared to stage 1a after matching. Five-year graft or patient survival was significantly worse in patients with stage 1b compared to stage 1a after matching (Log-rank test P = 0.022 and P = 0.027, respectively). These results were the same regarding AKIN criteria.

Conclusions.
The KDIGO criteria for AKI stage 1 could be further divided into 2 substages with different severity of clinical outcomes. This modified criteria could give additional prognostic information in patients undergoing liver transplantation.
Structure and Function of Porcine Arteries Are Preserved for up to 6 Days Using the HypoRP Cold-storage Solution
Authors: Dréau Didier , Wang Shangping , Clemens Mark , Elliott Gloria D. 
Published: January 2020

Background.
Maintaining functional vessels during preservation of vascularized composite allografts (VCAs) remains a major challenge. The University of Wisconsin (UW) solution has demonstrated significant short-term benefits (4–6 h). Here we determined whether the new hypothermic resuscitation and preservation solution HypoRP improves both structure, survival, and function of pig arteries during storage for up to 6 days.

Methods.
Using porcine swine mesenteric arteries, the effects of up to 6-day incubation in a saline (PBS), UW, or HypoRP solution on the structure, cell viability, metabolism, and function were determined.

Results.
After incubation at 4°C, for up to 6 days, the structures of the arteries were significantly disrupted, especially the tunica media, following incubation in PBS, in contrast with incubation in the HypoRP solution and to a lesser extent, in UW solution. Those disruptions were associated with increased active caspase 3 indicative of apoptosis. Additionally, while incubation in PBS led to a significant decrease in the metabolic activity, UW and HypoRP solutions allowed a stable to increased metabolic activity following 6 days of cold storage. Functional responsiveness to phenylephrine (PE) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) decreased over time for artery rings stored in PBS and UW solution but not for those stored in HypoRP solution. Moreover, artery rings cold-stored in HypoRP solution were more sensitive to ATP.

Conclusions.
The HypoRP solution improved long-term cold storage of porcine arteries by limiting structural alterations, including the collagen matrix, reducing apoptosis, and maintaining artery contraction-relaxation functions for up to 6 days.
Updates in the Management of Cryptogenic Stroke and Patent Foramen Ovale
Authors: Stone David K. , Buchwald Natalie , Wilson Christina A. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Stroke is a common neurological disorder and may present with visual symptoms. A thorough workup is warranted to determine the underlying cause of stroke to optimize secondary prevention. Despite a full workup, a high-risk mechanism may not be identified. Optimal treatment in this patient population has been the subject of recent research, particularly with regard to low-risk stroke mechanisms such as patent foramen ovale (PFO).

Evidence acquisition:
Using PubMed and published stroke guidelines, an evidence-based literature review was performed.

Results:
In this review, we compare cryptogenic stroke with the newer concept of embolic stroke of undetermined source, summarize the most common causes presumed to underlie these strokes, and review the evidence for optimal antithrombotic management. We also review recent clinical trials demonstrating a benefit for percutaneous closure of PFO for secondary stroke prevention in select patients.

Conclusions:
Stroke management is based on evaluation of individual patient-risk factors. Evaluation and treatment is ideally directed by a vascular neurologist to ensure optimal secondary prevention, especially in cases where an underlying etiology is not identified on initial workup.