bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Class II subdivision with skeletal transverse maxillary deficit treated by single-sitting bone-borne appliance:
Authors: Lombardo Luca , Palone Mario , Maino Giuliano , Paoletto Emanuele , Carlucci Antonella , Siciliani Giuseppe 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
This case report describes orthodontic treatment including both skeletal maxillary expansion and unilateral distalization by means of a single bone-borne appliance followed by clear aligner therapy in a young adult patient. A surgical guide was digitally designed and three-dimensionally printed to facilitate the placement of four miniscrews in the palatal vault. The miniscrews were fitted and the bone-borne appliance was delivered in a single clinical appointment. The postexpansion photographic records and models demonstrate the opening of the palatal median suture, the pure skeletal expansion, and the resolution of the left crossbite after 40 activations. Specifically, left molar Class I was obtained in about 5 months without any loss of anterior anchorage, and the subsequent aligner phase achieved all of the objectives established in the treatment plan. This case report shows clearly how careful digital planning of miniscrew insertion and the delivery of a pure bone-borne appliance in a single sitting enabled good clinical outcomes to be achieved in an acceptable timeframe, without side effects, even in a young adult patient.
Factors Influencing SME Outsourcing: Evidence from Romania
Authors: György Ottilia , Madaras Szilárd 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The present research, based on a national representative survey analysis of SMEs (that is, small and medium enterprises) from Romania, focuses on the main factors influencing companies’ outsourcing. It considers the following dimensions of outsourcing: organizational characteristics, environmental characteristics, relational capabilities, and institutional networks. The results suggest that the younger the SMEs and the more stable their relationship with local institutions, the more likely is for them to adopt outsourcing solutions. Moreover, those SMEs that have secondary offices and have some cooperation with the state also rely on outsourcing. Our results suggest that sector membership also proves to be a signifficant factor in outsourcing. We ffind that the highest percentage of outsourcing was done in construction, industry as well as hotels and restaurants sectors.
Corruption and Ease of Doing Business: Evidence from ECOWAS
Authors: Nageri Kamaldeen Ibraheem , Gunu Umar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Corruption has a major impact on growth in low-income economies, while ease of doing business has a major impact on growth in developed countries. The study empirically examines the effect of corruption on ease of doing business. The study analyses unbalanced panel data of corruption rank, corruption score, control of corruption, and inflation, together with other economic and financial institutional factors and ease of doing business score for the period of 2004–2017. Results indicate that: corruption rank, inflation, and import have negative and significant effect on ease of doing business; corruption score, control of corruption, lending rate spread, and education (skill level) have positive and significant effect on ease of doing business; gross capital formation and population have insignificant negative effect on ease of doing business; export and gross domestic product have insignificant positive effect on ease of doing business. The random effect model is a consistent and most efficient model, indicating common mean value for ease of doing business for the dataset. The study recommends improved corruption scores, control of corruption, and ranks to encourage ease of doing business through monetary policy and infrastructural facilities.
Ownership Structure and the Risk: Analysis of Indian Firms
Authors: Kumari Ranjita , Kumar Nishant 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Considering the positive relationship between ownership and firm performance in the corporate finance literature, the paper aims to investigate the effect of ownership structure on the risk associated with the firm. Portfolio theories state that an investment with a high return is expected to be associated with high risk; so, it can be argued that ownership should have a positive relation with risk too. However, another explanation is that since large shareholders, such as promoters and financial institutions, have a significant stake in firms, in developing countries like India they will avoid excess risk taking, and so there should be a negative relationship between ownership and risk associated with firms. Analysing Nifty-500 companies for the period of 2006/07–2015/16, the study has found that Indian blockholders are in general risk-averse. Results also suggest that profitability and growth opportunities have negative effects on risk, which again establishes the positive association between ownership structure and profitability.
Safety aspects of stingless bee pot-pollen from the Philippines
Authors: Belina-Aldemita Ma. Desiree , Fraberger Vera , Schreiner Matthias , Domig Konrad J. , D’Amico Stefano 
Published: October 2020

Summary
Philippines stingless bee (Tetragonula biroi Friese) pot-pollen are known for their advantageous effects on human health due to a high nutritional value and a broad range of beneficial physiological and pharmacological effects. However, safety aspects regarding this product were rarely examined. Therefore, pollen samples from the Philippines were analyzed for inorganic contaminants and microbiological quality. Obtained values for heavy metals (e.g., arsenic 0.015–0.032 mg/kg, cadmium 0.053–0.153 mg/kg and lead 0.017–0.155 mg/kg) were generally lower compared to previous studies and most were within the safety limits. Further, microbial counts for total aerobic microorganisms, yeasts and molds, Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus were in accordance with the recommended values. Microbial population was diverse and the identified species were mostly endosporeformers such as Bacillus spp. and Clostridium spp., and molds because of the low water activity and low pH of the pot-pollens. Results indicated that good practices in agriculture, hygiene and manufacturing in every step of the production chain must be implemented in order to enhance the quality and safety of this bee product. Overall, pot-pollens from T. biroi are safe for human consumption if hygienic principles are applied.
Exzellenz in der österreichischen und deutschen Molkereibranche – ein Vergleich
Authors: Gebhardt Beate , Deixler Ingrid , Wißmann Imke , Jungmair Julia Anna , Pöchtrager Siegfried 
Published: October 2020

Zusammenfassung
Um als herausragendes Unternehmen wahrgenommen zu werden, müssen Unternehmen über ihre Aktivitäten oder Produkte kommunizieren. Die Darstellung von Exzellenz, im Sinne von Spitzenleistung und Bessersein als Andere, bietet Unternehmen die Möglichkeit sich abzuheben. Auf Basis von Länderstudien in Österreich und Deutschland wird im vorliegenden Beitrag Exzellenz sowie die Kommunikation darüber in der Molkereibranche verglichen. Die Thematisierung von Nachhaltigkeit (Selbstberichte) sowie das Aufzeigen von Prämierungen und Zertifizierungen (Drittberichte) werden dabei als Darstellungsoptionen für Exzellenz herangezogen. Die Auswertung von 22 in Österreich und Deutschland geführten Experteninterviews erfolgte mittels kategorialer Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring. Die deskriptive Website-Analyse von 197 österreichischen und deutschen Molkereien ergänzt die Studie.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es steigende Produktanforderungen sowie Konkurrenz- und Preisdruck für Molkereien beider Länder unumgänglich machen, sich durch hervorragende Leistungen und klare Differenzierung am Markt abzuheben. Exzellenz in der Molkereibranche wird als multikausale und relative Kenngröße beschrieben, in die sich Nachhaltigkeit einordnet. Prämierungen und Zertifikate haben dabei unterschiedliches Gewicht. In Österreich ist die Kommunikation über gewonnene Prämierungen ausgeprägter als in Deutschland. In beiden Ländern werden vor allem Produktprämierungen gezeigt. Zertifikate gelten in beiden Ländern nur eingeschränkt als Zeichen von Exzellenz. Insgesamt stehen diese Drittberichte meist in Abhängigkeit von finanziellen und personellen Ressourcen; weniger gilt dies für Selbstberichte.
Growth of pineapple plantlets during acclimatisation can be monitored through automated image analysis of the canopy
Authors: Soto Guillermo , Lorente Gustavo , Mendoza Jessica , Báez Evelio Dany , Lorenzo Carlos Manuel , Rodríguez Romelio , Hajari Elliosha , Vicente Oscar , Lorenzo José Carlos , Baez Evelio Luis 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Pineapple is an economically important tropical fruit crop, but the lack of adequate planting material limits its productivity. A range of micropropagation protocols has been developed over the years to address this shortfall. Still, the final stage of micropropagation, i.e. acclimatisation, remains a challenge as pineapple plantlets grow very slowly. Several studies have been conducted focusing on this phase and attempting to improve plantlet growth and establishment, which requires tools for the non-destructive evaluation of growth during acclimatisation. This report describes the use of semi-automated and automated image analysis to quantify canopy growth of pineapple plantlets, during five months of acclimatisation. The canopy area progressively increased during acclimatisation, particularly after 90 days. Regression analyses were performed to determine the relationships between the automated image analysis and morphological indicators of growth. The mathematical relationships between estimations of the canopy area and the fresh and dry weights of intact plantlets, middle-aged leaves (D leaves) and roots showed determination coefficients (R2) between 0.84 and 0.92. We propose an appropriate tool for the simple, objective and non-destructive evaluation of pineapple plantlets growth, which can be generally applied for plant phenotyping, to reduce costs and develop streamlined pipelines for the assessment of plant growth.
A comparative study of growth, biological efficiency, antioxidant activity and molecular structure in wild and commercially cultivated Auricularia cornea strains
Authors: Khan Asif Ali , Yao Fangjie , Idrees Muhammad , Lu Lixin , Fang Ming , Wang Peng , Jiang Wan-Zhu , Zhang You Min 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Auricularia cornea, jelly mushroom, is a popular ingredient of traditional Chinese cuisine. This study aimed at evaluating the growth, yield, biological efficiency, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, the antioxidant activity, elemental composition, and molecular structure of the wild and domesticated strain Ac24 and the commercially cultivated edible mushroom A. cornea strains Ac1, Ac3 and Ac15. Based on the weight of the fresh fruiting bodies of A. cornea strains, the maximum yield was obtained from commercial strain Ac1 (237.10 g), followed by Ac3 (224.47 g), Ac15 (158 g) and Ac24 (132.37 g), while the biological efficiency range of A. cornea strains was 52.94–94.84%, with significant differences among the A. cornea strains. Our results revealed that Ac24 contained the highest phenolic content (20.10 mg GAE · g−1), while the highest flavonoid content was found in Ac1 (35.13 mg CE · g−1). The maximum mineral contents and the strains were as follows: copper (7.2 mg · kg−1) and zinc (310 mg · kg−1) in Ac1, manganese (788 mg · kg−1) in Ac3 and iron (310 mg · kg−1) in Ac24. DPPH assay found maximum antioxidant activity in Ac24 (IC50 0.233 mg TX · mL−1), FRAP (591 mg TX · g−1) in Ac15, and erythrocyte haemolysis in Ac24. SEM-EDX and FTIR analyses verified the differences among A. cornea strains. The results revealed that wild, domesticated A. cornea strain Ac24 is a promising dietary source of natural antioxidants and is of high nutritional value, compared to commercially cultivated strains.
The Indicators Assessment of Safety and Functionality of Tram Loops
Authors: Tubis Agnieszka , Rydlewski Mateusz , Budzyński Marcin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The new requirements set for tram loops mean that all stakeholders' expectations regarding their safety and functionality change. This creates a need for new tools for tram loop assessment, which are important interchanges, especially for people living outside the city limits or on their outskirts. The aim of the authors ’research is to create a indicators for assessing the safety and functionality of tram loops. Therefore, the article presents an overview of the research results in the area of tram transport and interchanges safety. Then the proposed indicator assessment for tram loops was described.
Selected aspects of child nutrition and the risk of obesity
Authors: Majewska Katarzyna Anna , Kobylińska Magdalena , Krasińska Agata , Wais Paulina , Kędzia Andrzej 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction. Food is the basic source of energy for humans. Properly matched for the age and needs of the body, a balanced diet is a condition for proper growth and development during childhood. The aim of the study is to review the current state of knowledge regarding the impact of the nutrition model, diet composition and behavioral aspects related to food intake on the occurrence of obesity in children and adolescents.

Conclusions. Too much energy charge in food, disturbing the balance between energy supply and expenditure, is a common cause of childhood obesity. The rate of weight gain in children is also affected by other factors, such as the model of feeding during infancy, eating habits in the early years of life, and a number of behavioral aspects related to food intake.
Taste preferences and eating habits are formed in a child from the first years of life and are often continued during adulthood, therefore, an essential element of obesity prevention must cover the extensive early education involving parents, caregivers and the children themselves.
Effect of the oral intake of astaxanthin on semen parameters in patients with oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Kumalic Senka Imamovic , Klun Irma Virant , Bokal Eda Vrtacnik , Pinter Bojana 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Higher concentrations of seminal reactive oxygen species may be related to male infertility. Astaxanthin with high antioxidant activity can have an impact on the prevention and treatment of various health conditions, including cancer. However, efficacy studies on astaxanthin in patients with oligospermia with/without astheno- or teratozoospermia (O±A±T) have not yet been reported. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of the oral intake of astaxanthin on semen parameters.

Patients and methods
In a randomized double-blind trial, 80 men with O±A±T were allocated to intervention with 16 mg astaxanthin orally daily or placebo. At baseline and after three months basic semen parameters, sperm deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of spermatozoa and serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) value were measured.

Results
Analysis of the results of 72 patients completing the study (37 in the study group, 35 in the placebo group) did not show any statistically significant change, in the astaxanthin group no improvements in the total number of spermatozoa, concentration of spermatozoa, total motility of spermatozoa, morphology of spermatozoa, DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial membrane potential of spermatozoa or serum FSH were determined. In the placebo group, statistically significant changes in the total number and concentration of spermatozoa were determined.

Conclusions
The oral intake of astaxanthin did not affect any semen parameters in patients with O±A±T.
Quality of life in road traffic accident survivors
Authors: Kovačević Jelena , Miškulin Maja , Ličanin Matea Matić , Barać Josip , Biuk Dubravka , Palenkić Hrvoje , Matić Suzana , Kristić Marinela , Biuk Egon , Miškulin Ivan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The loss of quality of life is the major consequence following a non-fatal road traffic accident (RTA). Previous research regarding quality of life did not include uninjured RTA survivors. The research aim was thus to evaluate the quality of life of the RTA survivors regardless of whether or not they sustained injures, and to identify factors associated with decreased quality of life after the RTA.

Methods
A cohort of 200 RTA survivors with and without injuries was followed after experiencing an RTA. The quality of life and mental health outcomes were assessed 1 month following RTA. A vast range of sociodemographic, pre-RTA health-related, RTA related, RTA injury-related, compensation-related factors and mental health outcomes were investigated.

Results
Decreased quality of life following an RTA showed an association with the low socioeconomic status of the RTA victims, poor pre-RTA health, injury-related factors, compensation-related factors and psychological disorders after the RTA.

Conclusions
Identifying predictors of decreased quality of life following an RTA will enable planning interventions targeting the most important factors that influence recovery of RTA victims. Assessing and recording of self-reported quality of life should be a part of the routine protocol in RTA survivors’ health-care.
Changing epidemiology of presumptive community-associated-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Slovenia in 2014-2015 compared to 2010
Authors: Dermota Urška , Košnik Irena Grmek , Janežič Sandra , Rupnik Maja 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Although the distinction between the Community-Associated-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) and Hospital-Associated-Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (HA-MRSA) has blurred in recent years, the CA-MRSA is an important group because of its potential to cause fulminant and severe infections. Its importance has further increased with the emergence of Livestock-Associated-Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (LA-MRSA).

Methods
In the present study we analysed clonal distributions and virulence factors in presumptive CA-MRSA isolated from January 2014 to December 2015 and compared the results with our previous study from 2010. Phenotypic definition for presumptive CA-MRSA was based on resistance to cefoxitin and oxacillin and susceptibility to at least two of the following four antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, clindamycin and gentamicin.

Results
In 2014 and 2015 altogether 304 MRSA isolates fulfilled our screening phenotypic definition, 45 isolates were cultivated from clinical specimens and 259 from screening specimens. Sequence types ST398, LA-MRSA and mecC MRSA increased significantly in 2015 compared to 2010 (p-value <0.05) and were spread over Slovenia.

Conclusion
The clonal distribution of presumptive CA-MRSA has changed within the study period in Slovenia. In 2015 the most frequent clone among clinical and screening specimens was a pig-associated clone, ST398, but the number of confirmed ST398 infections remains low. While previously ST398 and mecC positive MRSA strains were geographically limited, they have spread throughout the country since 2010.
Determination of Nursing Students' Approaches to Ethical Problems
Authors: ÖZGÖNÜL Mustafa Levent , KIRCA Nurcan , BADEMLİ Kerime 
Published: October 2020

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the approach of nursing students to ethical problems. Material and Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between May and June 2019 at Akdeniz University Faculty of Nursing. The data of the study was collected with personal information form and Approach to Ethical Problems in Health Field Scale. In the analaysis of the data; Number, mean, percentage distributions, standard deviation, Cronbach alpha coefficient, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis analysis were performed. Results: When the demographic characteristics of the students participating in the study were examined, it was determined that 67.2% (N = 405) were women. In this study, it was determined that 19.1% (N = 115) of the students were first grade, 24.5% (N = 148) were second grade, 29.7% (N = 179) were third grade and 26.7% (N = 161) were fourth grade. It was determined that 69.7% (N = 420) of the students loved the department. In addition, it was determined that 70.1% (N = 423) of the students took courses on ethics. The level of perception of the basic principles of medical ethics and the level of perception of rules and written ethical codes were found to be statistically higher in male students. It was found that there was a statistically significant difference (U = 33680.5, p = 0.015) between the students' loving of nursing department and the Perceptions Level of Basic Ethics Principles and Perceptions (U = 34647, p = 0.045). There was no significant difference between the sub-dimensions of SAESYÖ according to the classes in which the students were trained. It was found that there was no significant difference between the ethical course taking status of students and the sub-dimensions of SAESYÖ.Conclusion: In this study, the level of perception of the the basic principles of medical ethics and the level of perception about written ethical codes were found to be low and the level of perception of values and standards in medical ethics was found to be moderate.
Studi Eksperimental Pengaruh Blok-Halang Pada Lantai Kolam Olak Bendung Terhadap Penggerusan Lokal
Authors: Tallar Robby Yussac , . Ivan 
Published: October 2020

Permasalahan penggerusan lokal yang terjadi di bagian hilir bendung merupakan fenomena nyata yang dihadapi suatu kontruksi bendung dan harus dicarikan solusinya. Berbagai upaya untuk mengurangi permasalahan penggerusan lokal telah diteliti dan dilakukan. Penyebab utama dari fenomena penggerusan lokal adalah akibat adanya perbedaan elevasi muka air antara hulu dan hilir dari suatu bendung, maka terjadi loncatan air yang mengakibatkan penggerusan lokal pada hilir bendung. Kolam olak adalah bagian dari konstruksi suatu bendung yang berfungi untuk mengurangi penggerusan lokal dengan cara meredam energi aliran air namun dalam kenyataannya masih kurang maksimal mengatasi penggerusan lokal yang terjadi. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memodifikasi kolam olak dengan pemberian blok-halang sehingga diketahui pengaruh atau efektivitas dari blok-halang tersebut terhadap penggerusan lokal yang terjadi pada hilir bendung. Studi eksperimental dilakukan dengan menggunakan model fisik dua dimensi pada jenis bending tetap tipe gergaji dua gigi. Debit aliran yang digunakan dalam adalah 25%Qmax, 50%Qmax dan 100%Qmax. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan blok-halang dengan dimensi 4cm x 4cm dengan ketinggian 6cm serta jarak antar blok-halang yaitu 4cm dan jarak blok-halang ke ambang hilir yaitu 14,4cm pada lantai kolam olak bendung gergaji dua gigi dapat mengurangi kedalaman dan luas penggerusan lokal yang terjadi pada hilir bendung. Saran untuk penelitian kedepannya adalah penggunaan riprap sebagai material tambahan pada bagian hilir bendung.