bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Lies Beyond the Slide Library?: Facing the Digital Future of Art History
Authors: Parsons Sarah 
Published: September 2020

Le présent article analyse les inévitables changements qui sont liés au passage de la diapositive à l’images numérique dans l’enseignement et la recherche; de plus, il pose des questions indispensables sur les outils de l’histoire d’art et leurs effets sur la discipline. L’auteure envisage l’utilisation de principes fondamentaux en pédagogie afin de repenser l’exercice de l’enseignement par l’image, ainsi que l’utilisation plus efficace des ressources visuelles d’une institution, autant pour les recherches du corps enseignant et celles des étudiants, que pour l’enseignement; elle se penche également sur la contribution des ressources numériques aux changements qui affectent la discipline de l’histoire d’art.
L’auteure étudie brièvement cet important changement technologique récent dans l’histoire de la discipline, et poursuit avec un bref compte-rendu de l’émergence des images numériques et des problèmes ou limites actuelles de leur utilisation au Canada. L’article attire ensuite l’attention sur certaines particularités du développement de ressources numériques efficaces et durables dans les universités. Plus spécifiquement, y sont passés en revue les outils et les produits accessibles aux personnes et aux établissements, en ce qui concerne le passage de la bibliothèque de diapositives traditionnelles au centre des ressources visuelles. L’article se termine par un examen critique des conséquences de ce changement inévitable pour la discipline en termes d’enseignement et de recherche, et conclut en offrant de brefs exemples de diverses stratégies visant à effectuer le passage aux ressources numériques.
Exhibiting Ireland: The Donegal Industrial Fund in London and Chicago
Authors: Helland Janice 
Published: September 2020

Cet essai étudie l’histoire complexe et l’existence précaire de l’artisanat à domicile, survivant en marge des débats au sujet des expositions et du colonialisme. On y examine le « Donegal Industrial Fund » une organisation fondée en 1883 par Alice Rowland Hart à Londres et les contributions de cette fondation à l’exposition irlandaise de Londres (1888) et à la foire mondiale de Chicago (1895). L’article s’efforce de montrer que le colonialisme est implicitement mêlé à la renaissance de l’artisanat à domicile en Irlande (souvent appelé « home arts ») qui correspond avec l’intensité croissante des débats au sujet du « Home Rule » et des appels à l’indépendance. De plus il réévalue le lien inextricable entre artisanat à domicile et philanthropie au dix-neuvième siècle dans les journaux et les magazines, une relation qui a contribué à une féminisation excessive de l’artisanat à domicile et à une marginalisation des arts ménagers (« home arts ») dans les discussions sur le mouvement d’« Arts and Crafts » (Arts et Métiers) à la fin du dix-neuvième siècle.
Patronage at the Court of Burgundy around 1500: A Note on the Death of St Nicholas Window in the Royal Ontario Museum
Authors: Isler-De Jongh Ariane 
Published: September 2020

Un vitrail, conservé au Royal Ontario Museum et représentant la mort de saint Nicolas, fait partie d’une série, maintenant dispersée, qui ornait quatre baies du cloître de la chartreuse de Louvain et racontait la vie du saint.
Cet article se veut un exposé de l’état des recherches à ce jour, tenant compte du fait que les autres panneaux de la série seront étudiés par les groupes de recherche du Corpus Vitrearum en Grande-Bretagne et aux États-Unis. Nous nous concentrons donc sur la personalité du donateur, Nicolas Ruterius (1442–1509), évêque d’Arras et chancelier de l’Université de Louvain, en même temps que grand administrateur et chargé de missions diplomatiques au service de quatre générations des ducs de Bourgogne.
Sa carrière est donc centrée sur la cour de Bourgogne, principalement à Malines où résidaient Marguerite d’York et Marie de Bourgogne et où il participe à la vie intellectuelle et artistique. Preuve en sont les donations mentionnées dans son testament et en particulier, parmi les livres légués au Collège d’Arras, des manuscrits enluminés spécialement pour lui. Une premère étude de ces manuscrits nous permet de proposer une relation à établir entre les ateliers créant les vitraux et ceux qui produisent les enluminures, contribuant ainsi à élargir le domaine de recherche sur le vitrail.
Images de Pompéi
Authors: Desrochers Brigitte 
Published: September 2020

This article outlines the history of representations of Pompeii, from the discovery of the site in 1748 to the present day. It ties artistic interpretations to the development of archaeological research, changing forms of patronage, and evolving audiences.
Initially, images of Pompeii were produced under Royal patronage. As soon as the site became known across Europe, adventurers took it upon themselves to produce different kinds of views, intended for armchair travelers. Come the industrial revolution, and these representations split into two broad categories: tourist views, responding to market forces on the one hand, and state-sponsored, scientific surveys on the other.
These changing forms of patronage influenced the aesthetic sensibilities of the images. The Bourbons wanted the images of Pompeii to contribute to their glory; adventurers cast a much more disinterested gaze at their subject matter; and scientists sought to achieve something of a subjective self-erasure, as it were, in their pursuit of a purely objective reading of the ancient city.
Pictorial composition reflected these changing attitudes. Initially, objects looked like jewels, carefully enshrined inside the picture frame. As time passed, the objects were gradually related back to their original context. Background elements could be seen, and functional connections were made evident. The city finally appeared entire, reading as an organic unity connected to the landscape. Scientists pushed the process even further, pulverizing the city into multiple layers of statistical information.
Art, History and Discipline in the Eighteenth-Century German University
Authors: Link Anne-Marie 
Published: September 2020

Cet article examine les liens entre un texte d’histoire de l’art écrit vers la fin du dix-huitième siècle et l’institution dans laquelle et pour laquelle il a été conçu, à savoir l’Université de Göttingen (la « Georgia Augusta ») en Allemagne du Nord. Bien que l’objectif principal de cet essai soit d’analyser un cas précoce (peut-être même le premier cas ?) par le biais duquel l’histoire de l’art devint une discipline académique, nous y abordons plus largement le rôle de la discipline dans la formation de l’érudition universitaire moderne. Nous voulons montrer que la constitution de l’histoire de l’art comme discipline dans cette institution allemande, considérée alors comme la plus moderne de son époque, était étroitement liée à un modèle « progressif » et « scientifique » d’érudition, né de préoccupations théoriques développées par ses historiens de profession, parmi lesquels on retrouve Johann Dominicus Fiorillo, un artiste et un membre du corps professoral. Celui-ci collabora à une série de volumes sur l’histoire des arts et sciences parrainée par l’Université elle-même par la publication entre 1798 et 1808 de cinq volumes de son histoire de l’art. Cette série avait été pensée comme un « monument » approprié pour la fin d’un siecle éclairé et le début d’un siècle nouveau et visait à circonscrire la culture de « notre coin de terre » d’une manière aussi « progressive » et « scientifique » que possible. Notre article s’intéresse surtout aux moyens pris par une histoire de l’art post-winckelmannienne, mais antérieure au milieu du dix-neuvième siècle, visant à intégrer ces analyses de la culture à une époque qui voyait l’épanouissement des sciences humaines, une connaissance croissante des « autres » cultures et une nouvelle conception théorique de l’histoire. Par conséquent, l’histoire de l’art de Fiorillo doit être considérée en termes de la particularité propre du lieu où il l’a écrite, et cela suppose que la constitution d’une histoire de l’art universitaire doit être nécessairement considérée dans la production du savoir culturel de l’Université de Göttingen (et du Siècle des Lumières) sur l’identité humaine et européenne. L’histoire de l’art comme nouvelle discipline dont les objectifs étaient justement d’archiver « notre culture », peut ainsi être reconnue comme une partie prenante du « master narrative » historiciste, dominant dans l’érudition universitaire occidentale et dans la formation de la modernité européenne.
Les quotas de femmes pour les entreprises et l’interdiction du burkini
Authors: Rosenblum Darren 
Published: September 2020

Le présent article décrit la manière dont les théoriciennes et militantes du féminisme ont réussi à inscrire leurs idéaux dans la fabrique du droit et dans la culture française, ainsi que la façon dont les non-féministes ont commencé à s’approprier ces idéaux. Le féminisme français, en jouant un rôle critique dans l’adoption de la Loi no2000-493 du 6 juin 2000 tendant à favoriser l’égal accès des femmes et des hommes aux mandats électoraux et fonctions électives [Loi sur la parité], qui exige que la moitié des candidats à un mandat électoral public soient des femmes, a tout d’abord provoqué un changement dans l’universalisme français quant au respect des différences de sexe. Malgré son succès mitigé, la Loi sur la parité a fait progresser l’inclusion politique des femmes en France. Ensuite, ces valeurs se sont fondues dans les normes étatiques et les valeurs publiques françaises. Cependant, alors même qu’elles s’imbriquaient dans les valeurs de l’État, ces valeurs ont commencé à être utilisées par la classe politique afin de promouvoir un certain nombre d’exclusions : en premier lieu, l’exclusion des musulmanes françaises d’une pleine participation à la République par l’interdiction du port du voile et de la burqa, suivie par d’autres exclusions fondées sur la classe et le sexe au moyen des quotas au sein des conseils d’administration (QCA) et, plus récemment, l’exclusion des musulmanes par l’interdiction du burkini.
Cyber Republic
Authors: Zarkadakis George 
Published: September 2020

How to make liberal democracies more inclusive and the digital economy more equitable: a guide for the coming Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Around the world, liberal democracies are in crisis. Citizens have lost faith in their government; right-wing nationalist movements frame the political debate. At the same time, economic inequality is increasing dramatically; digital technologies have created a new class of super-rich entrepreneurs. Automation threatens to transform the free economy into a zero-sum game in which capital wins and labor loses. But is this digital dystopia inevitable? In Cyber Republic, George Zarkadakis presents an alternative, outlining a plan for using technology to make liberal democracies more inclusive and the digital economy more equitable. Cyber Republic is no less than a guide for the coming Fourth Industrial Revolution and the post-pandemic world.
Zarkadakis, an expert on technology and management, explains how artificial intelligence, together with intelligent robotics, sophisticated sensors, communication networks, and big data, will fundamentally reshape the global economy; a new “intelligent machine age” will force us to adopt new forms of economic and political organization. He envisions a future liberal democracy in which intelligent machines facilitate citizen assemblies, helping to extend citizen rights, and blockchains and cryptoeconomics enable new forms of democratic governance and business collaboration. Moreover, the same technologies can be applied to scientific research and technological innovation. We need not fear automation, Zarkadakis argues; in a post-work future, intelligent machines can collaborate with humans to achieve the human goals of inclusivity and equality.
A laboratory comparison of the interactions between three plastic mulch types and 38 active substances found in pesticides
Authors: Beriot Nicolas , Zomer Paul , Zornoza Raul , Geissen Violette 
Published: September 2020

Background
In semi-arid regions, the use of plastic mulch and pesticides in conventional agriculture is nearly ubiquitous. Although the sorption of pesticides on Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) has been previously studied, no data are available for other plastics such as Pro-oxidant Additive Containing (PAC) plastics or “biodegradable” (Bio) plastics. The aim of this research was to measure the sorption pattern of active substances from pesticides on LDPE, PAC and Bio plastic mulches and to compare the decay of the active substances in the presence and absence of plastic debris.

Methods
For this purpose, 38 active substances from 17 insecticides, 15 fungicides and six herbicides commonly applied with plastic mulching in South-east Spain were incubated with a 3 × 3 cm2 piece of plastic mulch (LDPE, PAC and Bio). The incubation was done in a solution of 10% acetonitrile and 90% distilled water at 35 °C for 15 days in the dark. The Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged Safe approach was adapted to extract the pesticides.

Results
The sorption behavior depended on both the pesticide and the plastic mulch type. On average, the sorption percentage was ~23% on LDPE and PAC and ~50% on Bio. The decay of active substances in the presence of plastic was ~30% lesser than the decay of active substances in solution alone. This study is the first attempt at assessing the behavior of a diversity of plastic mulches and pesticides to further define research needs.
Reference model based discrete time sliding mode control of communication networks
Authors: Leśniewski Piotr , Bartoszewicz Andrzej 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this work, we propose a new sliding mode controller based on a reference model for controlling data transmission rates in a connection‐oriented communication network. In the proposed approach, we build a model of the network, which is controlled by a linear quadratic (LQ) optimal controller. Then, the sliding variable of the real network is forced to follow the reference sliding variable generated by this model. This method enables us to preserve the favorable properties of the optimal controller, such as reducing and smoothing out the initial flow rates. Moreover, once the reference model attains the vicinity of the desired state, the designed sliding mode controller is able to react more rapidly to changes in the available bandwidth, ensuring better robustness. Due to this fact, the considered controller can ensure full bottleneck link bandwidth utilization with smaller memory buffers than the LQ optimal one. This important advantage is shown both analytically, and in computer simulations
Droplet‐Based Combinatorial Assay for Cell Cytotoxicity and Cytokine Release Evaluation
Authors: Antona Silvia , Abele Tobias , Jahnke Kevin , Dreher Yannik , Göpfrich Kerstin , Platzman Ilia , Spatz Joachim P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBalancing the maximal efficacy of interferon gamma (IFN‐ɣ)‐based therapies with its side effects is a great challenge for future cytokine treatments. To achieve this, the development of single‐cell technologies that study IFN‐ɣ release in correlation with antitumor activity would represent a huge step forward. To this end, droplet‐based microfluidics is employed to quantitatively investigate IFN‐ɣ secretion from single natural killer (NK) cells in correlation with their cytotoxic activity against a specific target. The method relies on co‐encapsulation of NK‐92 cells, target cancer cells, polystyrene beads conjugated with specific IFN‐ɣ capture antibodies, and fluorescently labeled detection antibodies inside water‐in‐oil compartments. The secreted cytokines are captured and detected by localized fluorescence at the periphery of the beads. NK‐92's cytotoxicity is evaluated simultaneously by means of a fluorescent DNA intercalating agent, which penetrates the membranes of dead target cells. To deepen the understanding of the role of the cytokine in antitumor immunomodulation, the impact of different doses of human recombinant IFN‐ɣ on the cytolytic activity of NK‐92 cells shows a trend that the higher the dose the lower the cytolytic activity of NK cells. The developed method represents a simple quantitative approach to unravel the complex heterogeneity of NK cells toward IFN‐ɣ secretion and cytolytic activity.
Hierarchical Porous Integrated Co1−xS/CoFe2O4@rGO Nanoflowers Fabricated via Temperature‐Controlled In Situ Calcining Sulfurization of Multivariate CoFe‐MOF‐74@rGO for High‐Performance Supercapacitor
Authors: Ren Chongting , Jia Xu , Zhang Wen , Hou Ding , Xia Zhengqiang , Huang Dashuai , Hu Jun , Chen Sanping , Gao Shengli 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe precise synthesis of electrode materials that integrate highly redox‐active transition‐metal oxide with conductive transition‐metal sulfide has always been a challenge, due to the extraordinarily robust coordination affinity of sulfur for transition metals. Herein, through controlling the calcined sulfurization temperature to stimulate the activity of oxygen to compete with sulfur, an integrated Co1−xS/CoFe2O4@rGO nanoflower is fabricated in the range of 780–830 °C by employing well‐designed Co0.8Fe0.2‐MOF‐74@rGO as precursor. The hierarchical‐pore structure evolved from the bimetallic MOF@rGO provides a suitable electrolyte environment to promote fast Faradaic reactions, which endows Co1−xS/CoFe2O4@rGO with a high specific capacity of 2202 F g−1 and remarkable cycling stability (90% after 20 000 cycles), superior to those of the most well‐known metal‐organic framework (MOF) derived systems. The assembled Co1−xS/CoFe2O4@rGO//AC asymmetric supercapacitor shows an outstanding energy density up to 61.5 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 700 W kg−1. A combined experimental and density functional theory calculation demonstrates that the merged Co1−xS/CoFe2O4 interface with optimized electronic structure facilitates electron transfer pathways and realizes the effective synergy of high redox activity from CoFe2O4 and good conductivity from Co1−xS, leading to the excellent electrochemical performance of the material. Additionally, the formation mechanisms of the temperature‐controlled different phases are systematically investigated.
Isolation and Analysis of Tumor Cell Subpopulations Using Biomimetic Immuno‐Fluorescent Magnetic Multifunctional Nanoprobes
Authors: Li Qingjin , Liao Ziyi , Han Lan , Li Linyao , Song Yang , Song Erqun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTumor cell heterogeneity leads to differences in tumor proliferation and invasiveness, as well as drug sensitivity. These factors affect the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of tumor progression. Thus, analysis of tumor cell subpopulations is crucial for tumor diagnosis and individualized treatment. This study describes an approach to capture and sequentially isolate tumor cells subpopulations based on antibody‐mediated recognition and magnetic gradient separation, using biomimetic immuno‐fluorescent magnetic multifunctional nanoprobes, consisting of magnetic γ‐Fe2O3 and fluorescent quantum dots as the core, and leukocyte membrane vesicles with antibodies as the shell. Upon binding with leukocyte membrane‐coated fluorescent magnetic nanoparticles with antibodies (LFMNPs‐Ab), the model of three types of breast cancer cells with different expression levels of Her2 marker on the cell surface, namely, BT474Her2+++, MDA‐MB‐453Her2++, and MDA‐MB‐231Her2+, develop different magnetic susceptibilities. Based on the differences in their magnetic response under constant external magnetic field, the three tumor cell subpopulations in blood samples are magnetically separated and collected sequentially at 90, 120, and 180 s, respectively, as confirmed by a subsequent fluorescent imaging assay. The magnetic gradient separation‐based strategy described in the present study is a simple, fast, and feasible method for targeted separation of tumor cell subpopulations, and shows great potential for clinical study.
Additive Manufacturing of Piezoelectric Materials
Authors: Chen Cheng , Wang Xi , Wang Yan , Yang Dandan , Yao Fangyi , Zhang Wenxiong , Wang Bo , Sewvandi Galhenage Asha , Yang Desuo , Hu Dengwei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAdditive manufacturing technology has attracted unprecedented attention in industry because it provides infinite possibilities for rapid prototyping and enormous potential and opportunities for the production of electronic devices of various complex shapes. This paper focuses on the progress of additive manufacturing of piezoelectric materials in recent years, summarizing the advantages of additive manufacturing technology and its technical impact on the production of piezoelectric materials. It identifies the likely future research development direction of additive manufacturing technology, as well as the limitations of the current additive manufacturing technology in the context of piezoelectric materials. First, the various processes involved in additive manufacturing of piezoelectric devices and the impact of various processes on device performance are systematically summarized. Then, the development of additive manufacturing technology and slurry preparation of piezoelectric ceramic materials, piezoelectric polymer materials, and piezoelectric composites are introduced. Finally, the technical difficulties and potential research directions associated with additive manufacturing of piezoelectric materials are discussed. With the continuous development of additive manufacturing technology and piezoelectric materials, additive manufacturing of piezoelectric devices with excellent performance, high energy storage density, and high electromechanical conversion efficiency will be applied in a wider range of fields in the future.
State‐of‐the‐Art Progress in Diverse Black Phosphorus‐Based Structures: Basic Properties, Synthesis, Stability, Photo‐ and Electrocatalysis‐Driven Energy Conversion
Authors: Gao Wa , Zhou Yong , Wu Xinglong , Shen Qing , Ye Jinhua , Zou Zhigang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOver the past few decades, the design and development of advanced catalysts for efficient energy conversion technologies have undergone extensive study. Black phosphorus (BP) is considered to be one of the most promising catalysts, exhibiting remarkable performance and drawing significant attention, because of its extraordinary physicochemical properties: a unique layered structure, anisotropic structure, tunable direct bandgap, and ultrahigh charge mobility. In this review, the fundamentals of bulk BP, single‐ and few‐layer phosphorene, and BP quantum dots are briefly introduced, along with their crystal structure, optical and electrical properties, stability, and synthetic methods. Furthermore, recent progress toward diverse BP‐based materials for photo‐ and electrocatalysis for renewable energy is summarized, specifically focusing on water splitting, CO2 conversion, and nitrogen fixation. Finally, the challenges ahead for these BP‐based catalysts are also emphasized, alongside and perspectives on their further development as part of the this fast‐flourishing renewable energy field.