bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analgesic Efficacy of Nerve Blocks After Abdominoplasty: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vonu Peter M , Campbell Paul , Prince Noah , Mast Bruce A 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundA variety of regional nerve blocks have been utilized in abdominoplasty procedures, including transversus abdominis plane (TAP), intercostal, rectus sheath (RS), pararectus + ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric, quadratus lumborum, and paravertebral blocks. No consensus exists regarding the most effective nerve block modality in optimizing postprocedural comfort levels.ObjectivesThe purpose of this systematic review was to explore the efficacy of the various abdominal nerve blocks employed in abdominoplasty surgery and to draw attention to any modality that may be superior in regards to effectiveness and/or administration.MethodsUtilizing Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic review was performed to identify studies that have employed regional nerve blocks in abdominoplasty procedures. Opioid consumption, pain scores, time to ambulation, time in the recovery room, and time to first analgesia request were extracted when available.ResultsA total of 191 articles were reviewed, of which 8 met inclusion criteria. The nerve blocks represented included TAP, RS, pararectus + ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric, intercostal, and quadratus lumborum. All modalities were effective in reducing opioid consumption except quadratus lumborum.ConclusionsTAP, RS, pararectus + ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric, and intercostal regional nerve blocks have been shown to optimize postoperative pain management in abdominoplasty procedures. The existing literature suggests that when studied against one another, TAP is more efficacious than RS and pararectus + ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric. When ultrasound guidance is unavailable, consideration should be given to TAP employing the direct visualization approach.Level of Evidence: 2
Does vegetation change over 28 years affect habitat use and reproductive success?
Authors: Fierro-Calderón Karolina , Martin Thomas E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Individuals should prefer and use habitats that confer high fitness, but habitat use is not always adaptive. Vegetation in natural landscapes changes gradually and the ability of species to adaptively adjust their habitat use to long-term changes is largely unstudied. We studied nest patch and territory use over 28 yr in Orange-crowned Warblers (Oreothlypis celata) in a system that has undergone natural long-term changes in vegetation. Abundance of maple (Acer grandidentatum), its preferred nesting habitat, gradually declined from 1987 to 2015. We examined whether habitat use and its fitness consequences changed as the availability of preferred habitat decreased. We used resource selection function models to determine changes over time in the probability of using a nest patch given available patches, and the probability of using a territory given available territories. We estimated nest survival to evaluate changes over time in the fitness consequences of nest patch use. We also compared habitat use (nest patch and territory) and fitness (nest survival) between areas with naturally reduced abundance of maple and experimentally increased abundance of maple (fenced areas). Nest patch use depended on maple abundance and did not change drastically across 28 yr, even though the availability of preferred maple patches decreased over time. In contrast, nest survival tended to decrease over time. We did not see differences in nest patch use and nest survival between unfenced and fenced areas, unlike territory use, which increased with the abundance of maple in fenced areas and decreased in unfenced areas. Our study depicts one example of relatively unchanged habitat use in the face of decreased availability of preferred vegetation across years, with a resulting decrease in reproductive success. Investigating changes in habitat use and fitness consequences for animals exposed to long-term habitat change is necessary to understand adaptive behavioral responses.
Contrasting effects of the onset of spring on reproductive success of Arctic-nesting geese
Authors: Nolet Bart A , Schreven Kees H T , Boom Michiel P , Lameris Thomas K 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBreeding output of geese, measured as the proportion of juveniles in autumn or winter flocks, is lower in years with a late onset of spring in some species, but higher in at least one other species. Here we argue that this is because the timing of spring affects different stages of the reproductive cycle differently in different species. Because the effects on 2 different stages are opposite, the combined effects can result in either a positive or a negative overall effect. These stages are the pre-laying, laying, and nesting phase on the one hand; and the hatchling, fledgling, and juvenile phase on the other hand. The first phase is predominantly positively affected by an early snowmelt, with higher breeding propensity, clutch size, and nest success. The second phase in contrast is negatively affected by early snowmelt because of a mismatch with a nutrient food peak, leading to slow gosling growth and reduced survival. We argue that recognition of this chain of events is crucial when one wants to predict goose productivity and eventually goose population dynamics. In a rapidly warming Arctic, the negative effects of a mismatch might become increasingly important.
Quantifying functional impact of non-coding variants with multi-task Bayesian neural network
Authors: Xu Chencheng , Liu Qiao , Zhou Jianyu , Xie Minzhu , Feng Jianxing , Jiang Tao 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Advances in high-throughput genotyping and sequencing technologies during recent years have revealed essential roles of non-coding regions in gene regulation. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) suggested that a large proportion of risk variants are located in non-coding regions and remain unexplained by current expression quantitative trait loci catalogs. Interpreting the causal effects of these genetic modifications is crucial but difficult owing to our limited knowledge of how regulatory elements function. Although several computational methods have been designed to prioritize regulatory variants that substantially impact human phenotypes, few of them achieve consistently high performance even when large-scale multi-omic data are integrated.

Results
We propose a novel multi-task framework based on Bayesian deep neural networks, MtBNN, to quantify the deleterious impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms in non-coding genomic regions. With the high-efficiency provided by the multi-task Bayesian framework to integrate information from different sources, MtBNN is capable of extracting features from genomic sequences of large-scale chromatin-profiling data, such as chromatin accessibility and transcript factor binding affinities, and calculating the distribution of the probability that a non-coding variant disrupts regulatory activities. A series of comprehensive experiments show that MtBNN quantifies the functional impact of cis-regulatory variations with high accuracy, including expression quantitative trait locus, DNase I sensitivity quantitative trait locus and functional genetic variants located within ATAC-peaks that affect the accessibility of the corresponding peak and achieves significantly better performance than the existing methods. Moreover, MtBNN has applications in the discovery of potentially causal disease-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), thus helping fine-map the GWAS SNPs.

Availability and implementation
Code can be downloaded from https://github.com/Zoesgithub/MtBNN.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The Chiral Bioconversion and Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Trelagliptin in Beagle Dog Plasma by LC–MS/MS
Authors: Zhou Li , Xi Wang , Zhang Hui , Sun Lili , Yu Jinlong , Zou Qiaogen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A simple and enantioselective method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of (R)- and (S)-trelagliptin in beagle dog plasma by chiral liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Trelagliptin enantiomers and (R)-rabeprazole (as internal standard, IS) were extracted from plasma samples by liquid–liquid extraction and separated on a CHIRALCEL OX-3R column using acetonitrile-5 ammonium bicarbonate as the mobile phase in gradient elution mode. The multiple reactions monitoring transitions of m/z 358.1→341.2 and 359.9→150.1 were used to quantify trelagliptin enantiomers and IS, respectively. This method was validated for sensitivity, specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy and stability of specific analytes under various conditions. And it was successfully applied to evaluating the pharmacokinetic profile of trelagliptin enantiomers in beagle dogs after single intravenous administration of (R)-trelagliptin injection (at 1 mg/kg) and oral administration (at 6.7 mg/kg). In this study, no chiral bioconversion of (R)-trelagliptin to (S)-trelagliptin in beagle dog plasma was observed. The absolute bioavailability of (R)-trelagliptin was identified to be 128.2%.
Acrylamide-Modified 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilanes Hybrid Monomer for Highly Selective Imprinting Recognition of Theophylline
Authors: Lv Yaying , Qu Qi , Li Caiwen , Zhu Tao 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The hybrid monomer synthesized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilanes and acrylamide was applied for synthesis of molecularly imprinting polymers, and the obtained polymers were used as sorbent in solid-phase extraction for purification of theophylline (THP) in green tea. The static adsorption curves showed better molecular recognition ability and binding capability of the polymers for the target. On the optimized condition, a method was developed for increasing extraction of THP with satisfactory recovery of 93.7%. Good calibration linearity obtained in a range of 5–500 μg·mL−1. The recoveries at three spiked levels ranged from 86.7% to 100.7% with relative standard deviations ≤6.6% (n = 3). The result showed that the obtained polymers exhibited highly selective imprinting recognition to the analyte, and the number of templates was an important factor affecting the selective recognition ability of polymers. The proposed method with hybrid monomer imprinting polymers was successfully applied for purification of THP in green tea.
Simultaneous Quantification of DPPG, DEPC and Cholesterol in Propofol Liposome by HPLC-ELSD Using Alkaline Hydrolysis
Authors: Shen Jie , Chen Zili , Yue Feng , Li Yanfei , Xu Zhiqin , Xu Xinjun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatography method with evaporative light-scattering detection (ELSD) was performed for simultaneous determination of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DPPG), dierucoyl phosphatidylcholine (DEPC) and cholesterol in propofol liposome by the pretreatment of alkaline hydrolysis (temperature, concentration of KOH anhydrous ethanol solution and reaction time were 90°C, 1 mol · L−1 and 10 min, respectively). The analysis was carried out on an Agilent TC-C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) with isocratic elution of methanol and 0.1% acetic acid aqueous solution (95:5, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL · min−1. The column temperature was 30°C. The drift tube temperature of the ELSD system was set at 30°C, and the pressure of carrier gas was 350 KPa. The regression equation revealed a good linear relationship (r = 0.9990–0.9993) during the test ranges. The RSD of stability and repeatability (n = 6) was found to be less than 1.96 and 1.46%, respectively. The average recoveries ranged from 97.90 to 101.00%. The proposed method was validated and showed good precision, stability, repeatability and recovery, which indicated that the method could be readily utilized as a quality evaluation method for the determination of DPPG, DEPC and cholesterol in propofol liposome.
Anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations in women with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Wiles Kate , Anckaert Ellen , Holden Francesca , Grace Jan , Nelson-Piercy Catherine , Lightstone Liz , Chappell Lucy C , Bramham Kate 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a biomarker of ovarian reserve. There are limited data to guide the clinical interpretation of AMH in women with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study was to examine AMH concentrations in women with CKD compared with women without CKD.

Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort study of serum AMH concentrations in 163 non-pregnant women with CKD. Serum AMH concentrations were compared with age-specific AMH centiles from 887 healthy female controls.

Results
Participants included 30 women with Stage 1 CKD, 37 women with Stage 2 CKD, 26 women with Stage 3a CKD, 31 women with Stage 3b CKD and 39 women with Stages 4 and 5 CKD. The median estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 51 (interquartile range 31–80) mL/min/1.73 m2. Serum AMH concentrations were lower in all CKD stages compared with women without CKD. Women ages 20–24 years with CKD had comparable serum AMH concentrations (median 1.959 ng/mL) to women ages 35–39 years without CKD (median 1.995 ng/mL). There was no evidence that eGFR was an independent modifier of serum AMH concentrations. More than half of women with CKD (58%) were predicted to have a low response to gonadotrophin stimulation.

Conclusions
Women with CKD have a lower ovarian reserve and are predicted to have a lower ovarian response to gonadotrophin stimulation compared with women without CKD of a similar age. Women with CKD who fail to conceive within 6 months of regular unprotected intercourse should be considered for fertility assessment and intervention.
A case report of heart transplant for ischaemic cardiomyopathy from lupus coronary vasculitis
Authors: Nandkeolyar Shuktika , Kim Hyungjin B , Doctorian Tanya , Stoletniy Liset N , Sandhu Vaneet K , Yu Micah , Zuppan Craig W , Razzouk Anees , Hilliard Anthony , Parwani Purvi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Coronary vasculitis is a rare, life-threatening complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Case summary
A 23-year-old woman with SLE presented with typical angina and worsening dyspnoea on exertion. Coronary angiography revealed severe triple vessel disease with a ‘string of beads’ appearance classic for coronary vasculitis. Transthoracic echocardiogram revealed ejection fraction of 25–30% with a severely hypokinetic distal septum and distal anterior wall and an akinetic apical wall. Despite vasculitis treatment with cyclophosphamide and pulse-dose steroids, her coronary vasculitis did not improve. She was refractory to anti-anginal and guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure and successfully underwent orthotopic heart transplant (OHT).

Discussion
This is the first reported case of OHT in the case of SLE coronary vasculitis. Chronic SLE coronary vasculitis is caused by lymphocyic infiltration leading to inflammation and fibrosis of the major epicardial coronary arteries but can be successfully managed with OHT when refractory to medical SLE and heart failure therapies. It can affect patients of all ages with SLE, emphasizing the importance of thorough history taking and clinical evaluation in young patients presenting with cardiac symptoms to establish an appropriate diagnosis and treatment plan.
Environmental control of Vibrio spp. abundance and community structure in tropical waters
Authors: Wong Yi You , Lee Choon Weng , Bong Chui Wei , Lim Joon Hai , Narayanan Kumaran , Sim Edmund Ui Hang 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTWe measured Vibrio spp. distribution and community profile in the tropical estuary of Port Klang and coastal water of Port Dickson, Malaysia. Vibrio spp. abundance ranged from 15 to 2395 colony forming units mL−1, and was driven by salinity and chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration. However, the effect of salinity was pronounced only when salinity was <20 ppt. A total of 27 Vibrio spp. were identified, and theVibrio spp. community at Port Dickson was more diverse (H′ = 1.94 ± 0.21). However species composition between Port Dickson and Port Klang were similar. Two frequently occurring Vibrio spp. were V. owensii and V. rotiferianus, which exhibited relatively higher growth rates (ANCOVA: F > 4.338, P < 0.05). Co-culture experiments between fast- and slow-growing Vibrio spp. revealed that fast-growing Vibrio spp. (r-strategists) were overwhelmed by slower-growing Vibrio spp. (K-strategists) when nutrient conditions were set towards oligotrophy. In response to resource availability, the intrinsic growth strategy of each Vibrio spp. determined its occurrence and the development of Vibrio spp. community composition.
Intraspecies cell–cell communication in yeast
Authors: Yashiroda Yoko , Yoshida Minoru 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Although yeasts are unicellular microorganisms that can live independently, they can also communicate with other cells, in order to adapt to the environment. Two yeast species, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, engage in various kinds of intraspecies cell–cell communication using peptides and chemical molecules that they produce, constituting a sort of ‘language’. Cell–cell communication is a fundamental biological process, and its ultimate purpose is to promote survival by sexual reproduction and acquisition of nutrients from the environment. This review summarizes what is known about intraspecies cell–cell communication mediated by molecules including mating pheromones, volatile gases, aromatic alcohols and oxylipins in laboratory strains of S. cerevisiae and S. pombe.
Privatizations and efficiency. Evidences from the Italian iron and steel industry, 1979–2016
Authors: Brambilla Carlo , Lavista Fabio 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Grounding on a new dataset gathering end-of-year financial statements of Italian steelmakers from 1979 to 2016, this article aims at assessing the effects of privatizations on the steelmaking industry, both in terms of changes in the industrial structure and of firms’ performance. It tries to verify whether privatizations fostered allocative efficiency and increased companies’ productive efficiency and innovative capabilities, and contributes to the debate on the alleged positive effects of privatizations on economic growth. In this respect, the article suggests some interesting insights both on the relationship between ownership and performance and on the outcomes of the Italian, as well as European, privatization processes of the fourth quarter of the 20th century.
Life expectancy of patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement compared with that of the general population
Authors: Hernandez-Vaquero Daniel , Diaz Rocio , Alperi Alberto , Almendarez Marcel G , Escalera Alain , Cubero-Gallego Hector , Avanzas Pablo , Moris Cesar , Pascual Isaac 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) changes the natural history of severe aortic stenosis. However, whether the life expectancy of patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing this surgical procedure is fully restored is unknown. The objective of this study was to assess if the life expectancy of patients aged &gt;75 years is fully restored after undergoing surgery for severe aortic stenosis.

METHODS
We compared long-term survival of a group of patients aged &gt;75 years, who underwent SAVR at our institution with the long-term survival of the general population. We matched each patient with 100 simulated individuals (control group) of the same age, sex and geographical region who died as indicated by the National Institute of Statistics. We compared survival curves and calculated hazard ratio (HR) or incidence rate ratio. Statistical significance existed if confidence intervals (CIs) did not overlap or did not include the value 1, as appropriate.

RESULTS
Average life expectancy of surgical patients who survived the postoperative period was 90.91 months (95% CI 82.99–97.22), compared to 92.94 months (95% CI 92.39–93.55) in the control group. One-, 5- and 8-year survival rates for SAVR patients who were discharged from the hospital were 94.9% (95% CI 92.74–96.43%), 71.66% (95% CI 67.37–75.5%) and 44.48% (95% CI 38.14–50.61%), respectively, compared to that of the general population: 95.8% (95% CI 95.64–95.95%), 70.64% (95% CI 70.28%–71%) and 47.91% (95% CI 47.52–48.31%), respectively (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.94–1.22).

CONCLUSION
For patients over the age of 75 years who underwent SAVR and survived the postoperative period, life expectancy and survival rates were similar to that of the general population.
Effects of copper hydroxychloride and distillers dried grains with solubles on intestinal microbial concentration and apparent ileal and total tract digestibility of energy and nutrients by growing pigs1
Authors: Espinosa Charmaine D , Fry R Scott , Kocher Matthew E , Stein Hans H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that Cu hydroxychloride improves nutrient digestibility and alters the concentration of microbial protein in the small intestine or large intestine by pigs fed a corn-soybean meal diet or a diet based on corn, soybean meal, and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Twenty-four barrows (33.3 ± 3.4 kg) that had a T-cannula installed in the distal ileum were allotted to a 2 × 2 factorial design with 2 levels of DDGS (0% or 45%) and 2 levels of supplemental Cu from Cu hydroxychloride (0 or 150 mg/kg). A 2-period switch back design with the 4 diets and 6 replicate pigs per diet in each period was used resulting in 12 replicate pigs per diet for the 2 periods. The initial 9 d of each period was considered an adaptation period to the experimental diets. For each period, feces were collected on days 10, 11, and 12, and ileal digesta were collected for 8 h on days 13 and 14. Results indicated that inclusion of 45% DDGS to diets reduced (P &lt; 0.05) the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of AA and the AID and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter, gross energy, and crude protein. In contrast, inclusion of DDGS to diets increased (P &lt; 0.05) the AID and the ATTD of acid hydrolyzed ether extract and the concentration of microbial protein in the hindgut (P &lt; 0.05). However, the total concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in ileal digesta and in feces from pigs fed the DDGS diets were not different from concentrations in pigs fed diets without DDGS. The AID and ATTD of dry matter, gross energy, and crude protein were not affected by dietary Cu concentrations, but the AID and ATTD of acid hydrolyzed ether extract were greater (P &lt; 0.05) in diets supplemented with Cu hydroxychloride compared with diets without Cu hydroxychloride. There was also a reduction (P &lt; 0.05) in the concentration of microbial protein and a tendency for a reduction (P &lt; 0.10) in the total concentration of VFA in feces when diets were supplemented with Cu hydroxychloride. In conclusion, supplementation of Cu hydroxychloride to diets improved AID and ATTD of acid hydrolyzed ether extract and reduced the concentration of microbial protein in the large intestine and this effect was observed in diets containing DDGS as well as in diets without DDGS.