bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Axis Is Required for TFEB-Mediated Gastric Cancer Metastasis and Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Li Shuxuan , Liu Fenglin , Xu Ling , Li Can , Yang Xu , Guo Bao , Gu Jianxin , Wang Lan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGastric cancer remains the third leading cause of cancer-related death, and tumor metastasis is the main risk factor for poor prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a MiT family member and has been found to drive tumorigenesis in a number of tissues, whereas few studies were focused on investigating its prometastasis role and mechanism in gastric cancer. Here, we found TFEB was upregulated in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal gastric epithelial tissues. IHC analysis from gastric cancer tissue microarray revealed that TFEB in gastric cancer was correlated with depth of tumor invasion, lymph node or distant metastasis, tumor tumor–node–metastasis stage, and overall survival. Gastric cancer cells with TFEB overexpression presented an increased cell migration or invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, gene correlation analysis and gene set enrichment analysis enriched Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway members in TFEB high-expression group, and the TOP/FOPflash assay verified the effect of TFEB on β-catenin transcription activity. Besides, we found that TFEB could trigger the aggregation of β-catenin in nucleus and activate its transcription, as well as facilitate the expression of Wnt/β-catenin target genes and EMT-related markers, which could be reversed by the Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor XAV-939. Collectively, TFEB enhances gastric cancer metastatic potential by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and may become a promising therapeutic target for gastric cancer metastasis.Implications:Overexpressed TFEB predicts a higher rate of metastasis and worse survival in patients with gastric cancer. Mechanistically, TFEB activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling to fuel migratory and invasive activities of gastric cancer cells, as well as EMT.
Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Small T Antigen Activates Noncanonical NF-κB Signaling to Promote Tumorigenesis
Authors: Zhao Jiawei , Jia Yuemeng , Shen Shunli , Kim Jiwoong , Wang Xun , Lee Eunice , Brownell Isaac , Cho-Vega Jeong Hee , Lewis Cheryl , Homsi Jade , Sharma Rohit R. , Wang Richard C. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Multiple human polyomaviruses (HPyV) can infect the skin, but only Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) has been implicated in the development of a cancer, Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). While expression of HPyV6, HPyV7, and MCPyV small T antigens (sT), all induced a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), MCPyV sT uniquely activated noncanonical NF-κB (ncNF-κB), instead of canonical NF-κB signaling, to evade p53-mediated cellular senescence. Through its large T stabilization domain, MCPyV sT activated ncNF-κB signaling both by inducing H3K4 trimethylation-mediated increases of NFKB2 and RELB transcription and also by promoting NFKB2 stabilization and activation through FBXW7 inhibition. Noncanonical NF-κB signaling was required for SASP cytokine secretion, which promoted the proliferation of MCPyV sT–expressing cells through autocrine signaling. Virus-positive MCC cell lines and tumors showed ncNF-κB pathway activation and SASP gene expression, and the inhibition of ncNF-κB signaling prevented VP-MCC cell growth in vitro and in xenografts. We identify MCPyV sT–induced ncNF-κB signaling as an essential tumorigenic pathway in MCC.

Implications:
This work is the first to identify the activation of ncNF-κB signaling by any polyomavirus and its critical role in MCC tumorigenesis.
Design and implementation of HDL remote controller for smart home system
Authors: H. Hamzah I. , Z. Suhaimi M. S. , A. Malik A. , A. Rahim A. F. 
Published: August 2020

<span>This work presents a design and development of a remote controller application using an Altera DE2-115 board. A remote controller lighting provides smart technologies make it viable to monitor, control and support users in which can enhance the quality life and promote independent living. Nowadays, to turn on the electrical devices, a user will go to the located switch. It is difficult and required more time to switch on the devices instead of staying at certain location while controlling the switching mode of the devices. Implementing this system, users do not need to have numerous switches in their home to turn on the lights as they can do this digitally from a switchless control located in one place or using a remote controller. The Altera board is built with eighteen slide switches which act as inputs and at the same time it will display the outputs on seven segments, LEDs and LCD display character. As a conclusion, the remote controller lighting system provides convenience and energy efficiency in order to allow the users to control the lighting system using smart devices. </span>
An evaluation of the accelerometer output as a motion artifact signal during photoplethysmograph signal processing control
Authors: Abbas Hasan Muhideen , Naif Thiyab Munther , S. Keream Settar , H, Salaman Uzba , W. Abid Kaleid 
Published: August 2020

<span>Photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors are widely used in medical applications due to their attractive properties such as non-invasiveness, inexpensive, and easy setup. However, they are still inefficient in non-stationary states of important measurements related to cardiovascular assessment. Adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) has existed as a kind of technique to address this issue. Unfortunately, the traditional 3-Axis Accelerometer (ACC) in ANC implementation has failed to provide the real motion artifact (MA) as the main factor for efficient adaptive filtering. In this work, the performance of ACC will be investigated and compared with a new twin photodiodes PPG probe design (TPs-PPD) that has been proven in previous work. The TPs-PPD contained an added covered photodiode (CPD) customized to obtain the MA instead of classic use of ACC. During different motions, PPG data were recorded and processed at the same time by the same two units of adaptive filters using ACC and CPD as noise references. The results indicated a clear failure of the ACC compared to the CPD in determining important features of PPG signal, in addition to the accuracy of signal to noise ratio (SNR) and mean square error (MSE). The CPD was better than ACC as it reduced the MSE by 14 times while the SNR was multiplied 10 times. Without any doubt, it has been proven with evidence that the ACC is not suitable for the processing of human health-related signals while PPG can be used for such purposes.</span>
Classification of seizure and seizure free EEG signals using optimal mother wavelet and relative power
Authors: Salankar Nilima , B. Nemade Sangita , P. Gaikwad Varsha 
Published: August 2020

<p>This paper presents an approach for the selection of mother wavelet for classification of EEG epilepsy signals .Wavelet transform is very popular for analyzing signals in time and frequency domain. But as there are various wavelet families exist and not a one fits to all, in this study author have experimented with 51 wavelets from six different families Haar(haar), Daubechies(Db), Symlet(Sym), Coiflets(Coif), Biorthogonal(Bior) and Discrete Meyer(Dmey). Optimal mother wavelet is selected on the basis of highest correlation between input signal and reconstructed signal. With Discrete wavelet transform four levels of decomposition have been used to create the five EEG rhythms delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma. Five features kurtosis, skew, mean, standard deviation and relative power have been extracted from each decomposed level by using the optimal mother wavelet. Statistical significance of the extracted features has been computed by Mann Whitney U test with significance level p&lt;0.05 and statistical parameters sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for performance evaluation of the classifier have been computed. Results shown that out of six experimented wavelet families, five families with eight wavelets have qualified the correlation test. Out of five extracted feature relative power is more statistically significant for all type of classification and all EEG bands .Classifier used is support vector machine and accuracy of classifier lies in the range of 74% to 100 % for 14 classifications between different subsets.</p>
Design and simulation of rotated hexagonal porous core photonic crystal fibre with improved effective material loss and dispersion properties
Authors: Kabir Yakasai Izaddeen , Emeroylariffion Abas Pg. , Hj Shamsuddin Norazanita , Begum Feroza 
Published: August 2020

<p><span>A thorough modal characterization, centred on the full vectorial finite element method (FEM) has been used to model and numerically investigate a porous core photonic crystal fibre (PC-PCF), which may potentially be integrated into Terahertz (10<sup>12</sup> Hz) compact systems. The proposed fibre consists of a rotated hexagonal core surrounded by a conventional hexagonal cladding. It has been shown that effective material loss (EML), core power fraction and dispersion profile are 0.019 cm<sup>-1</sup>, 51.7% and 0.5 ± 0.04 ps/THz/cm within 1 THz bandwidth, respectively. Based on simulated results and noncomplex design, it is envisaged that the proposed fibre can be realised for industrial THz applications. </span></p>
Design of very low-voltages and high-performance CMOS gate-driven operational amplifier
Authors: AL-Qaysi Hayder Khaleel , Mohammed Jasim Musaab , Manhal Hameed Siraj 
Published: August 2020

This paper presents the description and analysis of the design and HSPICE-based simulation results of very low-voltages (LVs) power supplies and high-performance specifications CMOS gate-driven (GD) operational amplifier (Op-Amp) circuit. The very LVs CMOS GD Op-Amp circuit designed using 90nm CMOS technology parameters and the folded cascode (FC) technique employed in the differential input stage. The HSPICE simulation results demonstrate that the overall gain is 73.1dB, the unity gain bandwidth is 14.9MHz, the phase margin is , the total power dissipation is 0.91mW, the output voltage swing is from 0.95V to 1V, the common-mode rejection ratio is dB, the equivalent input-referred noise voltage is 50.94 at 1MHz, the positive slew rate is 11.37 , the negative slew rate is 11.39 , the settling time is 137 , the positive power-supply rejection ratio is 74.2dB, and the negative power-supply rejection ratio is 80.1dB. The comparisons of simulation results at 1V and 0.814V power supplies’ voltages of the very LVs CMOS GD Op-Amp circuit demonstrate that the circuit functions with perfect performance specifications, and it is suitable for many considerable applications intended for very LVs CMOS Op-Amp circuits.
Implementation of the electronic sector of the satellite camera and image contrast enhancement
Authors: Zarie Majid , Khalilpour Jafar , Sadeghi Almaloo Farhad 
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this paper is to design and implement the electronic sector of satellite camera on the basis of systematic calculations as well as presenting the general and detailed block diagram. The main parts of the designed camera consist of four units named “optics, detector, processors, and memory” that can work in one of three modes: real-time, storage and storage-send. Verification of the simulation and practical results are shown completely by receiving images. According to the conditions of the satellite imaging, in most cases, there is a need to improve the image quality. A very important feature in the satellite images is contrast enhancement. In the following, a powerful contrast enhancement algorithm is proposed based on histogram equalization method called the “entropy-based triple dynamic clipped histogram equalization” (ETDCHE). One of the strengths of this paper is using images with diverse variations in brightness. Such that by producing clear images and by preserving maximum details this overcomes the adverse lighting conditions and leads to natural enhancement of the output images. Also, the performance assessment of the proposed method in terms of the average information content reflects the considerable superiority of the proposed algorithm compared to the previously presented methods based on histogram equalization.
Artificial Intelligence-Enabled ECG Algorithm to Identify Patients With Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction Presenting to the Emergency Department With Dyspnea
Authors: Adedinsewo Demilade , Carter Rickey E. , Attia Zachi , Johnson Patrick , Kashou Anthony H. , Dugan Jennifer L. , Albus Michael , Sheele Johnathan M. , Bellolio Fernanda , Friedman Paul A. , Lopez-Jimenez Francisco , Noseworthy Peter A. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Identification of systolic heart failure among patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with acute dyspnea is challenging. The reasons for dyspnea are often multifactorial. A focused physical evaluation and diagnostic testing can lack sensitivity and specificity. The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of an artificial intelligence-enabled ECG to identify patients presenting with dyspnea who have left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD).

Methods:
We retrospectively applied a validated artificial intelligence-enabled ECG algorithm for the identification of LVSD (defined as LV ejection fraction ≤35%) to a cohort of patients aged ≥18 years who were evaluated in the ED at a Mayo Clinic site with dyspnea. Patients were included if they had at least one standard 12-lead ECG acquired on the date of the ED visit and an echocardiogram performed within 30 days of presentation. Patients with prior LVSD were excluded. We assessed the model performance using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.

Results:
A total of 1606 patients were included. Median time from ECG to echocardiogram was 1 day (Q1: 1, Q3: 2). The artificial intelligence-enabled ECG algorithm identified LVSD with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.86–0.91) and accuracy of 85.9%. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value were 74%, 87%, 97%, and 40%, respectively. To identify an ejection fraction <50%, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.85 (95% CI, 0.83–0.88), 86%, 63%, and 91%, respectively. NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) alone at a cutoff of >800 identified LVSD with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.76–0.84).

Conclusions:
The ECG is an inexpensive, ubiquitous, painless test which can be quickly obtained in the ED. It effectively identifies LVSD in selected patients presenting to the ED with dyspnea when analyzed with artificial intelligence and outperforms NT-proBNP.

Graphic Abstract:

A
graphic abstract
is available for this article.
Associations of Vascular Risk Factors and
APOE
Genotype With Perivascular Spaces Among Community‐Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Laveskog Anna , Wang Rui , Vetrano Davide L. , Bronge Lena , Wahlund Lars‐Olof , Qiu Chengxuan 
Published: August 2020

Background
Evidence suggests that enlarged perivascular spaces (PVSs) may represent a marker for cerebral small‐vessel disease. We investigated whether vascular risk factors are correlated with visible PVS in older adults.

Methods and Results

This population‐based study included 530 participants (age ≥60 years) who were free from dementia and functional dependence, derived from the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (2001–2003). We collected data on demographics, vascular risk factors, and health conditions through interviews, clinical examinations, laboratory tests, and patient registers. Cerebral PVSs and white matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance images were visually assessed with semiquantitative visual rating scales. Data were analyzed using the general linear regression models. After controlling for demographics and cardiovascular disease, very high blood pressure (≥160/100 mm Hg) was significantly associated with global PVS score (β‐coefficient, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.06–2.53) and orthostatic hypotension was associated with PVS score in the basal ganglia (β‐coefficient 0.37; 0.03–0.70), but the associations became non‐significant when adjusting for white matter hyperintensity load. Orthostatic hypotension was significantly associated with global and lobar PVS scores in carriers but not in noncarriers of the
APOE
ε4 allele. Global or regional PVS score was not significantly associated with other traditional vascular risk factors such as smoking, diabetes mellitus, physical inactivity, and overweight or obesity.

Conclusions

This study provides limited evidence supporting a correlation of magnetic resonance imaging–visible PVS with traditional vascular risk factors in older adults. The association of orthostatic hypotension with lobar PVS among
APOE
ε4 carriers suggests that lobar PVS may be a marker for amyloid‐associated small‐vessel disease.
Quasi-Biweekly Oscillation of the Bay of Bengal–East Asia–Pacific Teleconnection in Boreal Summer
Authors: Gui Shu , Yang Ruowen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe study reported in this paper used ERA-Interim reanalysis data to investigate the intraseasonal variability of the Bay of Bengal (BOB)–East Asia–Pacific teleconnection (BEAP) during the summer between 1979 and 2016. Over this period, the intraseasonal oscillation of the BEAP fell mainly within the quasi-biweekly oscillation (QBWO) band. Variations in atmospheric circulation and precipitation, which may contribute to extreme weather events, showed a significant correlation with the phase transition of the BEAP from the BOB to East Asia and the Pacific. The evolution of the BEAP–QBWO is closely associated with the westward propagation of convective anomalies to the southwestern BOB. Dynamical analysis revealed that anomalous vertical motion coupled with anomalous convective activity over the southern BOB plays an important role in leading the phase propagation of the BEAP–QBWO, and that the horizontal advection anomalies can strengthen the BEAP–QBWO. Linear baroclinic model experiments confirmed that variations in convection over the southern BOB play a leading role in the BEAP–QBWO phase changes. Further research suggests that the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation can trigger the BEAP–QBWO through downstream propagation of convective disturbances to the southern BOB. This study provides insights into the cause and effect of the BEAP–QBWO, which will help to improve understanding of flood and drought patterns in the Asia–Pacific region.
A Broader Application of the Detection Response Task to Cognitive Tasks and Online Environments
Authors: Innes Reilly J. , Evans Nathan J. , Howard Zachary L. , Eidels Ami , Brown Scott D. 
Published: August 2020

Objective The present research applied a well-established measure of cognitive workload in driving literature to an in-lab paradigm. We then extended this by comparing the in-lab version of the task to an online version. Background The accurate and objective measurement of cognitive workload is important in many aspects of psychological research. The detection response task (DRT) is a well-validated method for measuring cognitive workload that has been used extensively in applied tasks, for example, to investigate the effects of phone usage or passenger conversation on driving, but has been used sparingly outside of this field. Method The study investigated whether the DRT could be used to measure cognitive workload in tasks more commonly used in experimental cognitive psychology and whether this application could be extended to online environments. We had participants perform a multiple object tracking (MOT) task while simultaneously performing a DRT. We manipulated the cognitive load of the MOT task by changing the number of dots to be tracked. Results Measurements from the DRT were sensitive to changes in the cognitive load, establishing the efficacy of the DRT for experimental cognitive tasks in lab-based situations. This sensitivity continued when applied to an online environment (our code for the online DRT implementation is freely available at https://osf.io/dc39s/ ), though to a reduced extent compared to the in-lab situation. Conclusion The MOT task provides an effective manipulation of cognitive workload. The DRT is sensitive to changes in workload across a range of settings and is suitable to use outside of driving scenarios, as well as via online delivery. Application Methodology shows how the DRT could be used to measure sources of cognitive workload in a range of human factors contexts.
Judging One’s Own or Another Person’s Responsibility in Interactions With Automation
Authors: Douer Nir , Meyer Joachim 
Published: August 2020

Objective We explore users’ and observers’ subjective assessments of human and automation capabilities and human causal responsibility for outcomes. Background In intelligent systems and advanced automation, human responsibility for outcomes becomes equivocal, as do subjective perceptions of responsibility. In particular, actors who actively work with a system may perceive responsibility differently from observers. Method In a laboratory experiment with pairs of participants, one participant (the “actor”) performed a decision task, aided by an automated system, and the other (the “observer”) passively observed the actor. We compared the perceptions of responsibility between the two roles when interacting with two systems with different capabilities. Results Actors’ behavior matched the theoretical predictions, and actors and observers assessed the system and human capabilities and the comparative human responsibility similarly. However, actors tended to relate adverse outcomes more to system characteristics than to their own limitations, whereas the observers insufficiently considered system capabilities when evaluating the actors’ comparative responsibility. Conclusion When intelligent systems greatly exceed human capabilities, users may correctly feel they contribute little to system performance. They may interfere more than necessary, impairing the overall performance. Outside observers, such as managers, may overweigh users’ contribution to outcomes, holding users responsible for adverse outcomes when they rightly trusted the system. Application Presenting users of intelligent systems and others with performance measures and the comparative human responsibility may help them calibrate subjective assessments of performance, reducing users’ and outside observers’ biases and attribution errors.