bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Biomass‐Derived Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Aerogels in Electrocatalysis and Supercapacitors
Authors: Kobina Sam Daniel , Kobina Sam Ebenezer , Lv Xiaomeng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBiomass‐derived carbon aerogels refer to carbon aerogels prepared using biomass as the precursor. They are environmentally friendly, cheap and have abundant precursors, which have aroused widespread interest and exhibit excellent performance in the fields of electrocatalysis (e. g. for the hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution and oxygen reduction reactions) and energy storage (i. e. as electrode materials for supercapacitors). Furthermore, metal species can be incorporated into the porous carbon matrix without destroying the original 3D structure whilst improving its conductivity and electrochemical performance. Above all, most biomass materials contain nitrogen functionalities, and can be doped in situ (self‐doping) with heteroatoms, such as N, without any additives, thereby creating additional defects and active centers with augmented electron density and electron‐contributing attributes. Herein, the electrochemical applications of biomass‐derived carbon aerogels reported during the last decade, especially in the field of water electrolysis, metal‐air batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors, are summarized. Current research challenges and future directions are briefly highlighted.
A Remarkable Fluorescence Quenching Based Amplification in ATP Detection through Signal Transduction in Self‐Assembled Multivalent Aggregates
Authors: Biswas Rakesh , Naskar Sumit , Ghosh Surya , Das Mousumi , Banerjee Supratim 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSignal transduction is essential for the survival of living organisms, because it allows them to respond to the changes in external environments. In artificial systems, signal transduction has been exploited for the highly sensitive detection of analytes. Herein, a remarkable signal transduction, upon ATP binding, in the multivalent fibrillar nanoaggregates of anthracene conjugated imidazolium receptors is reported. The aggregates of one particular amphiphilic receptor sensed ATP in high pm concentrations with one ATP molecule essentially quenching the emission of thousands of receptors. A cooperative merging of the multivalent binding and signal transduction led to this superquenching and translated to an outstanding enhancement of more than a millionfold in the sensitivity of ATP detection by the nanoaggregates; in comparison to the “molecular” imidazolium receptors. Furthermore, an exceptional selectivity to ATP over other nucleotides was demonstrated.
Esterification of Tertiary Amides: Remarkable Additive Effects of Potassium Alkoxides for Generating Hetero Manganese–Potassium Dinuclear Active Species
Authors: Hirai Takahiro , Kato Daiki , Mai Binh Khanh , Katayama Shoichiro , Akiyama Shoko , Nagae Haruki , Himo Fahmi , Mashima Kazushi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are the groups of Fahmi Himo and Kazushi Mashima at Stockholm University and Osaka University. The image depicts a Mn–K scissor, which is able to break a C−N bond, represented by a tree branch. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202001447.
Fundamental Properties and Applications of Dielectric Barrier Discharges in Plasma‐Catalytic Processes at Atmospheric Pressure
Authors: Ollegott Kevin , Wirth Philipp , Oberste‐Beulmann Christian , Awakowicz Peter , Muhler Martin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe combination of a nonthermal plasma and a heterogeneous catalyst provides unique opportunities for chemical transformations. High densities of reactive species, such as ions, radicals or vibrationally excited molecules, are generated by electron collisions and initiate a multitude of chemical reactions in the gas phase. By shifting the reaction site from the gas phase to the surface of the catalyst, the selectivity of these reactions can be significantly enhanced. Dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) are a promising plasma source for these kinds of applications due to their non‐equilibrium conditions and their simple construction. This review provides a brief introduction to the breakdown mechanism and the various geometries of DBDs and presents several plasma‐catalytic DBD applications.
Preparation of Extracellular Matrix Paper and Construction of Multi‐Layered 3D Tissue Model
Authors: Nakatsuji Hirotaka , Kitano Shiro , Irie Shinji , Matsusaki Michiya 
Published: August 2020

AbstractConstruction of organized three‐dimensional (3D) tissue with extracellular matrix (ECM) and multiple types of cells is important for tissue engineering to enable tissue function and enhance cellular function. However, the concentration of ECM and the thickness of the 3D tissue have been limited in previous methods due to a lack of permeability to nutrients and oxygen. Besides, it is difficult to use matured natural ECM as a cell scaffold without chemical modification due to its insolubility. In this article, we focus on multi‐layered structure, which is commonly found in living tissue such as skin, blood vessels, and other organs. Here, we describe the preparation of a paper‐like scaffold (ECM paper) from micro‐fibered natural ECM and the construction of 3D multi‐layered tissue composed of cell layers and ECM layers by stacking cell‐seeded ECM papers. The thickness and components of the ECM layers are easily controllable by changing the composition of the ECM papers, and the fibrous structure of ECM paper shows high permeability and permits cell migration. Additionally, the ECM microfiber, which is physically defiberized from natural ECM, has a high ECM concentration equal to that of living tissue and high stability under physiological conditions. Therefore, this set of protocols enables construction of multi‐layered 3D tissue composed of precisely controlled ECM layers and cell layers that may contribute to the assembly of tissue models. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Basic Protocol 1: Preparation of extracellular matrix paperBasic Protocol 2: Evaluation of cellular function of cells on extracellular matrix paperBasic Protocol 3: Construction of multi‐layered 3D tissue
Oral health indices predict individualised recall interval
Authors: Haukka Anna , Heikkinen Anna Maria , Haukka Jari , Kaila Minna 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe individualised recall interval (IRI) is part of the oral health examination. This observational, register‐based study aimed to explore how oral health indices DMFT (decayed, missing, filled teeth), DT (decayed teeth), CPI (Community Periodontal Index, maximum value of individual was used) and number of teeth are associated with IRI for adults.MethodsOral health examination includes an assessment of all oral tissues, diagnosis, a treatment plan and assessment and a determination of the interval before the next assessment. It is called the IRI. This cross‐sectional study population included 42,533 adults (age range 18–89 years), who had visited for an oral health examination during 2009, provided by the Helsinki City Social Services and Health Care. The recall interval was categorised into an ordinal scale (0–12, 13–24, 25–36 and 37–60 months) and was modelled using a proportional odds model. ORs less than one indicated a shorter recall interval.ResultsRecall interval categories in the study population were 0–12 months (n = 4,569; 11%), 13–24 months (n = 23,732; 56%), 25–36 months (n = 12,049; 28%), and 37–60 months (n = 2,183; 5%). The results of statistical models clearly showed an association between the length of recall intervals and oral health indices. In all models, higher values of DMFT, DT and CPI indicated a shorter recall interval. The number of teeth were not so relevant. The association was not influenced when different combinations of other predictors (age, gender, socioeconomic status, chronic diseases) were included in the model. The severity of periodontitis predicted a short recall interval, for example, in the Model 1, CPI maximum value 4 was OR = 0.35 (95% confidence interval 0.31–0.40).ConclusionsThe oral health indices showed a clear association with the length of the IRI. Poor oral health reduced IRI. The indices provide information about the amount of oral health prevention required and are useful to health organisations.
Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on drought tolerance and post‐drought recovery involving rhizome growth in Kentucky bluegrass
Authors: Chapman Cathryn , Burgess Patrick , Huang Bingru 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDrought tolerance and rapid post‐stress recovery are critical survival strategies for turfgrass management in areas with limited rainfall and irrigation. This study sought to determine whether elevated CO2 could improve drought tolerance in rhizomatous Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) by protecting rhizomes from stress damage and promote regrowth and regeneration of daughter plants from rhizomes upon rewatering. Plants (cv. ‘Baron’) were grown at elevated CO2 concentration (800 μl L−1) or ambient CO2 concentration (400 μl L−1) for 28 d and then exposed to well‐irrigated conditions (control) or drought stress by withholding irrigation for an additional 28 d, followed by rewatering in growth chambers. Elevated CO2–treated plants had significantly higher leaf relative water content, visual quality, and membrane stability during drought compared with ambient CO2–treated plants. Rhizome nodes of elevated CO2–treated plants maintained significantly higher viability and lower content of abscisic acid and auxin under drought stress. In response to rewatering, plants previously exposed to drought stress under elevated CO2 exhibited increased growth of new shoots measured as total shoot biomass and daughter‐plant biomass, and an increased number of rhizomes, as well as greater canopy density compared with plants at ambient CO2. This study suggested that elevated CO2 concentration was able to protect rhizomes from drought damage and reactivate rhizomes for regeneration of new plants when drought was relieved by irrigation.
Minimizing data access latency in data grids by neighborhood‐based data replication and job scheduling
Authors: Beigrezaei Mahsa , Toroghi Haghighat Abolfazl , Leili Mirtaheri Seyedeh 
Published: August 2020

SummaryIn Data Grid systems, quick data access is a challenging issue due to the high latency. The failure of requests is one of the most common matters in these systems that has an impact on performance and access delay. Job scheduling and data replication are two main techniques in reducing access latency. In this paper, we propose two new neighborhood‐based job scheduling strategies and a novel neighborhood‐based dynamic data replication algorithm (NDDR). The proposed algorithms reduce the access latency by considering a variety of practical parameters for decision making and the access delay by considering the failure probability of a node in job scheduling, replica selection, and replica placement. The proposed neighborhood concept in job scheduling includes all the nodes with low data transmission costs. Therefore, we can select the best computational node and reduce the search time by running a hierarchical and parallel search. NDDR reduces the access latency through selecting the best replica by performing a hierarchical search established based on the access time, storage queue workload, storage speed, and failure probability. NDDR improves the load balancing and data locality by selecting the best replication place considering the workload, temporal locality, geographical locality, and spatial locality. We evaluate our proposed algorithms by using Optorsim Simulator in two scenarios. The simulations confirm that the proposed algorithms improve the results compared with similar existing algorithms by 11%, 15%, 12%, and 10% in terms of mean job time, replication frequency, mean data access latency, and effective network usage, respectively.
Experimentelle und analytische Untersuchung des out‐of‐plane‐Verhaltens von unbewehrten Mauerwerkswänden unter Erdbebenbelastung
Authors: Lönhoff Moritz , Helm Lukas , Sadegh‐Azar Hamid 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMauerwerk muss neben dem vertikalen und horizontalen Abtrag von Lasten in der Ebene auch Lasten rechtwinklig zur Ebene (out‐of‐plane), z. B. infolge Erdbeben, standhalten. Das out‐of‐plane‐Verhalten von unbewehrten Mauerwerkswänden ist von einer Vielzahl an Einflussfaktoren abhängig und aufgrund der starken Nichtlinearität sehr komplex. Aktuelle Bemessungsverfahren in der deutschen Normung sind nicht explizit für das out‐of‐plane‐Verhalten entwickelt und enthalten zum Teil erhebliche Konservativitäten.In diesem Beitrag werden Rütteltisch‐Versuche mit wärmedämmendem Ziegelmauerwerk zur Untersuchung des out‐of‐plane‐Verhaltens von einachsig spannenden unbewehrten Mauerwerkswänden vorgestellt. Wie in vorangegangenen numerischen Untersuchungen bereits gezeigt wurde, werden in vorhandenen Bemessungsansätzen und Modellen wesentliche Einflussfaktoren vernachlässigt und die Tragfähigkeit damit stark unterschätzt. In den dargestellten Versuchen werden diese numerischen Untersuchungen und deren Resultate experimentell verifiziert. Weiterhin wird die Entwicklung eines analytischen Ingenieurmodells zur Bestimmung der Kraftverformungsbeziehung und der out‐of‐plane‐Tragfähigkeit unter Berücksichtigung der maßgebenden Parameter vorgestellt.
Alnatura Campus – Neubau der Alnatura Arbeitswelt
Authors: Haas Martin , Mayer Lynn 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFür den 55 000 m2 großen Alnatura Campus wurde das ehemalige Kasernengelände im Südwesten von Darmstadt umfassend renaturiert. Versiegelte Flächen wurden aufgebrochen und das anfallende Material in den Freiflächen verbaut.Herzstück des Campus ist die Alnatura Arbeitswelt, eine lichte, offene Bürolandschaft für bis zu 500 Mitarbeiter. Mit einer Bruttogeschossfläche von 13 500 m2 ist es das europaweit größte Bürogebäude aus Lehm. Lehm reguliert das Raumklima auf natürliche Weise und wirkt sich positiv auf die Raumakustik aus. Lichte Räume, flexible Arbeitsplätze, ein Erdkanal, der das klimaneutrale Gebäude mit Frischluft aus dem angrenzenden Wald versorgt, eine Regenwasserzisterne sowie Fotovoltaik‐ und Geothermieanlagen erfüllen höchste ökologische Anforderungen.Das gesamte Erdgeschoss funktioniert als Treffpunkt, als Raum für Kommunikation, der die unkomplizierte Begegnung von Besuchern und Mitarbeitern ermöglicht. Treppen, Brücken und Stege bieten Verbindungen zu und zwischen den geschwungenen Büroebenen und schaffen horizontale und vertikale Nachbarschaften. Der Alnatura Campus dient auch als Lern‐ und Begegnungsort für die Menschen der Region mit einem öffentlichen Restaurant im Erdgeschoss sowie öffentlichen Nutz‐ und Lehrgärten.„Die Alnatura Arbeitswelt gibt Antworten, wie man Gebäude heute planen und bauen kann: einfach und ressourcenneutral”, sagt Martin Haas, Gründer und Partner von haascookzemmrich STUDIO2050. „Es gibt den Werten und den offenen Strukturen des Unternehmens Alnatura eine architektonische Entsprechung, die Identität stiftet und Menschen verbindet.”
Primordial germ cell‐specific expression of eGFP in transgenic chickens
Authors: Hagihara Yota , Okuzaki Yuya , Matsubayashi Kazuma , Kaneoka Hidenori , Suzuki Takayuki , Iijima Shinji , Nishijima Ken‐ichi 
Published: August 2020

SummaryPR domain zinc finger protein 14 (PRDM14) plays an essential role in the development of primordial germ cells (PGCs) in mice. However, its functions in avian species remain unclear. In the present study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to edit the PRDM14 locus in chickens in order to demonstrate its importance in development. The eGFP gene was introduced into the PRDM14 locus of cultured chicken PGCs to knockout PRDM14 and label PGCs. Chimeric chickens were established by a direct injection of eGFP knocked‐in (gene‐trapped) PGCs into the blood vessels of Hamburger–Hamilton stages (HH‐stages) 13–16 chicken embryos. Gene‐trapped chickens were established by crossing a chimeric chicken with a wild‐type hen with very high efficiency. Heterozygous gene‐trapped chickens grew normally and SSEA‐1‐positive cells expressed eGFP during HH‐stages 13–30. These results indicated the specific expression of eGFP within circulating PGCs and gonadal PGCs. At the blastodermal stage, the ratio of homozygous gene‐trapped embryos obtained by crossing heterozygous gene‐trapped roosters and hens was almost normal; however, all embryos died soon afterward, suggesting the important roles of PRDM14 in chicken early development.
A Novel Electrochemical Sensor Based on FeNi3/CuS/ BiOCl Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Determination of Bisphenol A
Authors: Malakootian Mohammad , Hamzeh Sanaz , Mahmoudi‐Moghaddam Hadi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study, we used voltammetric method in order to examine the electrochemical behavior of BPA. Hence, we constructed a new electrochemical sensor to detect BPA on the basis of the modified carbon paste electrode using FeNi3/CuS/BiOCl as a novel nanocomposite. Results showed that when using optimized conditions, the new BPA sensor has a wide linear range between 0.1 μM and 300 μM, lower limit of detection of 0.05 μM, and good reproducibility and stability. Based on the findings, it could be concluded that our sensor can be substantially utilized for detecting BPA in the food samples with reasonable outputs.
miRNA‐216 knockdown has effects to suppress osteosarcoma via stimulating PTEN
Authors: Jiang Ping , Yang Xin , Li Yuanli , Chen Juan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study is to explain the effects and mechanism of miRNA‐216 in osteosarcoma. We firstly evaluated the PTEN expression in 30 pairs of tumor and adjacent tissues which were from the 30 osteosarcoma patients. In the following cell experiments, we measured the cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell invasion, and migration abilities of NC (normal control) group, BL (blank) group, siRNA (miRNA‐216 inhibitor) group, and siRNA+PTEN inhibitor group. Furthermore, we measured the relative protein expression of difference groups by WB to explain the mechanism of miRNA‐216 in osteosarcoma. The PTEN was confirmed the target gene of miRNA‐216 by double luciferase target test. In conclusion, miRNA‐216 was an oncogene in osteosarcoma. miRNA‐216 knockdown had effects to suppress cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration and improve cell apoptosis by keeping in G1 phase via PTEN.
PBI‐type Polymers and Acidic Proton Conducting Ionic Liquids – Conductivity and Molecular Interactions
Authors: Lin J. , Korte C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractProton conducting ionic liquids (PILs) are discussed as new electrolytes for the use as non‐aqueous electrolytes at operation temperatures above 100 °C. During fuel cell operation the presence of significant amounts of residual water is unavoidable. The highly Brønsted‐acidic PIL 2‐Sulfoethylmethylammonum triflate [2‐Sema][TfO] is able to perform fast proton exchange processes with H2O, resulting from 1H‐NMR and pulsed field gradient (PFG)/diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) self‐diffusion measurements. Proton conduction takes place by a vehicle mechanism via PIL cations or H3O+, but also by a cooperative mechanism involving both species. Thus, highly Brønsted‐acidic PILs are promising candidates for the use as non‐aqueous electrolytes. To use [2‐Sema][TfO] as electrolyte in a proton electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) it has to be immobilized in a host polymer. There is a (slow) uptake of the PIL by polybenzimidazole (PBI) up to a weight increase of ∼130%, due to a swelling process. A protonation of the basic imidazole moieties takes place. NMR analysis was applied to elucidate the molecular interactions between PBI, PIL, and residual water. Proton exchange, respectively an interaction between the polar groups and water can be observed in spectra, indicating a network of H‐bonds in doped PBI. Therefore, highly acidic PILs are promising candidates for the use as non‐aqueous electrolytes.
Long‐term outcomes in patients with recurrent human papillomavirus‐positive oropharyngeal cancer after upfront transoral robotic surgery
Authors: Su William , Rajeev‐Kumar Greeshma , Kang Martin , Posner Marshall , Liu Jerry T. , Westra William , Miles Brett A. , Gupta Vishal , Sharma Sonam , Misiukiewicz Krzysztof , Genden Eric , Bakst Richard L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundClinical course following failure of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive oropharyngeal cancers (HPV + OPC) is poorly understood. This study aims to characterize disease course following failure after transoral robotic surgery (TORS).MethodsWe identified patients with HPV + OPC‐treated upfront with TORS at our institution from 2007 to 2017. HPV status was confirmed with immunohistochemistry or HPV DNA polymerase chain reaction. Patient characteristics, treatment modalities, and post‐recurrence outcomes were analyzed for the recurrent cohort.ResultsOf the 317 HPV + OPC patients, 28 (8.8%) experienced recurrence, all of HPV 16/18 subtypes. Median post‐recurrence survival was 19.8 months (range 2.3‐195.8 months) in the 12 locoregional and 16 months (range 2.4‐79.5 months) in the 14 distant failures. Sixteen are alive with a median of 39.8 months (range 5.5‐209.4 months) after retreatment.ConclusionThis is one of the largest series evaluating survival following TORS failure in HPV + OPC. Despite failure, long‐term survival and durable remission are possible with single‐modal or multiple‐modal salvage treatment.
Dynamic dependence and extreme risk comovement: The case of oil prices and exchange rates
Authors: Liu Bing‐Yue , Ji Qiang , Nguyen Duc Khuong , Fan Ying 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article aims at investigating the dynamic dependence and extreme risk comovement of oil price and exchange rates in seven oil‐importing and seven oil‐exporting countries. For this purpose, we use six representative time‐varying copula models and four kinds of tail dependences to assess the downside and upside conditional value‐at‐risk measures (CoVaRs). Our findings indicate that the dependence of crude oil returns and exchange rates is negative for most pairs, that is, the rise (fall) in oil prices was accompanied by the appreciation (depreciation) of foreign currency against the US dollar. The oil price–exchange rate dependences in oil exporters is slightly larger than in oil importers, even though the dependence is weak in general. More interestingly, we find strong evidence of significant risk comovement between crude oil returns and exchange rates through the analysis of lower–upper and upper–lower tail dependence as well as downside and upside CoVaRs. This comovement particularly showed asymmetric effects. Finally, we sum up some implications for investors, policymakers and exchange rate regulators from a holistic perspective of empirical findings.
The relationship between working capital management and corporate returns of cement industry of emerging market
Authors: Nwude E. Chuke , Allison Patricia Ukachi , Nwude Comfort Amaka 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study examines the influence of working capital cycles on financial performance of cement industry of Nigeria with a sample of all the listed cement companies in the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the period 2007 to 2018. Correlation and regression analysis were used tools of analysis. Financial performance was proxy by return on assets and return on equity. The study show that a shorter inventory conversion period, account payable period and a longer account collection period enhances the return on asset while a shorter inventory conversion, account collection and account payable periods enhances the return on equity.