bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Solar Photovoltaic Utilization for Energy Services among Residentials in Akure, Nigeria
Authors: Aquila Jesuleye Olalekan , Foluso Arigbede, Olutosin , Oluwaseun Adepoju, Adeyemi 
Published: April 2020

Aims: Residential sector is the largest electricity consumer in Nigeria. But they also contribute heavily to the climate change through their choice of energy. Mostly prefer source is the fossil fuel for electricity generation despite the growing awareness of the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by embracing renewable energy technologies across the globe. Hence, this study investigated the factors influencing solar PV utilization in Akure.
Study Design: The study employed a survey research design.
Place and Duration of Study: Three residential estates in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria formed the study areas. The study was conducted between June 2019 and July 2019.
Methodology: The study surveyed 292 households located in the three residential estates in Akure, Ondo State and 219 retrieved questionnaire were found usable for the analysis. Data was analysed using the mean ranking of the influencing factors.
Results: The results revealed that the highest ranking factor influencing utilization of Solar PV for energy services is that Solar PV is a good backup against power failure. This is as a result of the erratic power supply in Nigeria which has not only failed to meet the need of household but also hampered economic growth. However, the least ranking factor influencing solar PV utilization for energy services is Ability to sell electricity to the national grid.
Conclusion: Cooperation between private enterprises and relevant government agencies supported by ‘political will’ is required to promote the aforementioned factors influencing the solar PV utilization for energy services in Nigeria. Utilization of solar PV as an energy source for energy service ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all. The research recommended that government support for solar PV intervention should be further encouraged.
!COMMUTANT LIFTING, TENSOR ALGEBRAS, AND FUNCTIONAL CALCULUS
Authors: Popescu Gelu 
Published: July 2002

AbstractA non-commutative multivariable analogue of Parrott’s generalization of the Sz.-Nagy–Foia\c{s} commutant lifting theorem is obtained. This yields Tomita-type commutant results and interpolation theorems (e.g. Sarason, Nevanlinna–Pick, Carathéodory) for $F_n^\infty\,\bar{\otimes}\,\M$, the weakly-closed algebra generated by the spatial tensor product of the non-commutative analytic Toeplitz algebra $F_n^\infty$ and an arbitrary von Neumann algebra $\M$. In particular, we obtain interpolation theorems for bounded analytic functions from the open unit ball of $\mathbb{C}^n$ into a von Neumann algebra.A variant of the non-commutative Poisson transform is used to extend the von Neumann inequality to tensor algebras, and to provide a generalization of the functional calculus for contractive sequences of operators on Hilbert spaces. Commutative versions of these results are also considered.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 47L25; 47A57; 47A60. Secondary 30E05
COMPARISON OF MULTIGRADED AND UNGRADED COUSIN COMPLEXES
Authors: Dogani Aghcheghloo M. H. , Enshaei R. , Goto S. , Sharp R. Y. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis paper generalizes, in two senses, work of Petzl and Sharp, who showed that, for a $\mathbb{Z}$-graded module $M$ over a $\mathbb{Z}$-graded commutative Noetherian ring $R$, the graded Cousin complex for $M$ introduced by Goto and Watanabe can be regarded as a subcomplex of the ordinary Cousin complex studied by Sharp, and that the resulting quotient complex is always exact. The generalizations considered in this paper are, firstly, to multigraded situations and, secondly, to Cousin complexes with respect to more general filtrations than the basic ones considered by Petzl and Sharp. New arguments are presented to provide a sufficient condition for the exactness of the quotient complex in this generality, as the arguments of Petzl and Sharp will not work for this situation without additional input.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 13A02; 13E05; 13D25; 13D45
FORSYTH, I. H., HALL, I. H. S.
& MCMILLAN, A. A. 1996.
Geology of the Airdrie District. Memoir for 1[ratio ]50000
Geological Sheet 31W (Scotland). x + 94 pp. London:
HMSO for the British Geological Survey. Price £37.50
(paperback). ISBN 0 11 884508 X. KEY, R. M., CLARK, G. C., MAY, F.,
PHILLIPS, E. R., CHACKSFIELD, B. C. & PEACOCK,
J. D. 1997. Geology of the Glen Roy district. Memoir for 1[ratio ]50000 Geological
Sheet 63W (Scotland). x + 127 pp. London: HMSO for
the British Geological Survey. Price £35.00 (paperback).
ISBN 0 11 884519 5.
Authors: Friend Peter 
Published: July 2002

MAY, F. & HIGHTON, A. J. 1997. Geology of the Invermoriston
district. Memoir for 1:50 000 Geological Sheet 73W
(Scotland). x + 77 pp. London: HMSO for the British
Geological Survey. Price £30.00 (paperback). ISBN 0 11
884532 2.HALL, I. H. S., BROWNE, M. A. E. & FORSYTH, I. H. 1997.
Geology of the Glasgow district. Memoir for 1[ratio ]50000
Geological Sheet 30E (Scotland). x + 117 pp. London:
HMSO for the British Geological Survey. Price £45.00
(paperback). ISBN 0 11 884534 9.PATERSON, I. B., MCADAM, A. D. &
MACPHERSON, K. A. T. 1998. Geology of the Hamilton District. Memoir for
1:50 000 Geological Sheet 23W (Scotland). viii + 94 pp.
London: The Stationery Office for the British Geological
Survey. Price £35.00 (paperback). ISBN 0 11 884533 0.
Foraminiferal isoleucine epimerization determinations
from the Nar Valley Clay, Norfolk, UK: implications for
Quaternary correlations in the southern North Sea basin
Authors: SCOURSE J. D. , AUSTIN W. E. N. , SEJRUP H. P. , ANSARI M. H. 
Published: July 2002

Fully temperate freshwater, brackish and marine sediments overlying Anglian till and
glacilacustrine sediments in the Nar Valley area of northwest Norfolk, UK, have been attributed to
the Middle Pleistocene Hoxnian temperate stage on palynological grounds, and basal peats associated
with this sequence have been recently correlated with oxygen isotope stage 9 on the basis of a series of
230Th/238U dates (mean 317±14 ka). At Tottenhill these sediments (Nar Valley Freshwater Beds, Nar
Valley Clay) underlie a deltaic complex attributed to the Wolstonian ice margin. The lithostratigraphical
relations between the major formations in the Nar Valley, and the pollen stratigraphy of the fully
temperate sequence, are very similar to the Pleistocene sequence in the Inner Silver Pit area of the
southern North Sea, and correlation has been proposed between the successions described from these
two localities. However, the Inner Silver Pit sequence has yielded aminostratigraphic data consistent
with isotopic stage 11.Benthic foraminiferal assemblages and foraminiferal amino-acid determinations have been investigated
from the Nar Valley Clay in order to test further the palaeoenvironmental setting of the
sequence and to help resolve the age of the sequence and correlation with the Inner Silver Pit interglacial.
The foraminiferal assemblages support previous sedimentological and palaeontological
evidence for a transgressive tendency within this sequence. Multiple isoleucine epimerization determinations
on Ammonia beccarii and Aubignyna perlucida from five levels within the Nar Valley Clay give
mean aIle/Ile ratios of 0.135 and 0.111, respectively. The A. beccarii ratios are much lower than mean
aIle/Ile ratios on equivalent species from the interglacial sequence in the Inner Silver Pit (upper Sand
Hole Formation), which are close to 0.2, and the two datasets fail to overlap at the 1σ level. The new
aminostratigraphic ratios indicate correlation of the Nar Valley Clay with oxygen isotope stage 9, and
therefore support the pre-existing 230Th/238U data.These results suggest that two temperate stages of Hoxnian palynological affinity are present in the
Quaternary record of East Anglia and the southern North Sea basin, a conclusion consistent with
independent new U-series data from other Hoxnian sites in East Anglia. An alternative model in
which the amino-acid ratios are explained as a function of different post-depositional thermal histories,
related to length of cover by ice and water, is discussed but considered unlikely. The conclusions
have important implications for the timing and number of glacial events in and around the southern
North Sea basin, and help to resolve discrepancies in relative sea-level histories and biogeography in
temperate sequences hitherto accommodated within a single stage.
A NEW IMAGE OF THE NATION: READING

CENTRAL AND SOUTH-EAST EUROPEAN HISTORY
Authors: BÁTONYI GÁBOR 
Published: July 2002

The Little Entente and Europe (1920–1929). By Magda

Ádám. Budapest: Akadémiai

Kiadó, 1993. Pp. 330. $40.00.The economy and polity in early twentieth century Hungary. The role

of the National Association

of Industrialists. By George Deák. New York: Columbia University

Press, 1990. Pp. ix + 209. $32.00.Stefan Stambolov and the emergence of Modern Bulgaria,

1870–1895. By Duncan M. Perry.

Durham & London: Duke University Press, 1993. Pp. xi + 308. £37.95.Hungarians and their neighbors in modern times, 1867–1950.

Ed. Ferenc Glatz. New York:

Columbia University Press, 1996. Pp. 347. $42.00.The Czech fascist movement, 1922–1942. By

David D. Kelly. New York: Columbia University Press, 1996. Pp. xii + 243.
Computer-aided RAPD fingerprinting of accessions

from the ryegrass–fescue complex
Authors: šIFFELOVÁ G. , PAVELKOVÁ M. , KLABOUCHOVÁ A. , WIESNER I. , NAšINEC V. 
Published: July 2002

RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic
DNA)

assay of 32 cultivar accessions from the

ryegrass–fescue (Lolium–Festuca) complex was

accomplished using ten decamer primers to assess

(i) the power of RAPD technology to discriminate between individual

commercial accessions and to

produce cultivar fingerprinting, (ii) the degree of relatedness of accessions

based on RAPD profiles

in comparison with other existing classifications, and (iii) the possibility

of automation of RAPD technology.The variation of the correlation coefficient r as the primary

output from

the automated RAPD-profile processing summarizes variability derived from

DNA isolation, the RAPD reaction, and final

computer-image processing of RAPD profiles. The AII (Accession

Identity Interval) of r for accession

Festuca arundinacea cv. Lekora was determined experimentally and
the value

obtained was accepted

as a valid interval for all the other accessions studied. In order to evaluate

the discrimination potential

of all ten primers together, a pooled-similarity matrix was computed.

Employing this approach, we

achieved 100% discrimination between all 35 accessions when using all

ten primers. A dendrogram

for all 35 accessions was obtained using average linkage cluster

analysis (UPGMA – Unweighted Pair

Group Method with Arithmetic Means).

This procedure successfully produced smaller groups of

higher taxonomic homogeneity. The relationships between the

Lolium–Festuca accessions were also

revealed by principal coordinate analysis (PCO) based on absorbance profiles

from the RAPD assay.

Again, all accessions were well separated, recognising even subspecies

relationships. In general, PCO

analysis confirmed the inferences made from the UPGMA method.We successfully applied the computer-aided system of RAPD assay, based
on

an IBM PC

computer, for discrimination of cultivars as well as for description of

DNA-based relationships of

accessions from various taxonomic groups of the Lolium–Festuca
complex.
A comparison of management regimes for one-year
rotational set-aside within a sequence of winter wheat
crops, and of growing wheat without interruption.
3. Effects on diseases
Authors: JENKYN J. F. , GUTTERIDGE R. J. , TODD A. D. 
Published: July 2002

Different management regimes for 1-year rotational set-aside were

tested in three experiments that
followed winter wheat and started in autumn 1988–90. The
regimes included operations that
prevented the establishment of volunteers or allowed them to
establish and persist until either spring
or summer, and also altered the distribution of debris from the
winter wheat that preceded the set-aside. For comparison, treatments
in the set-aside year also included winter wheat.Samples taken in spring from the first test crop showed that there were

few significant or consistent
effects on leaf diseases of growing the wheat after different set-aside

treatments or after winter wheat.
There were significant effects of the set-aside treatments on root
and stem base diseases but some of
the effects, and the apparent absence of others, are not easily
reconciled with current understanding
of the biology of the pathogens concerned. In summer, eyespot
(Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides)
was most severe after winter wheat and least severe after
ryegrass. Severity after the other set-aside
treatments did not differ significantly. There was more sharp eyespot
(Rhizoctonia cerealis) in plots
that had been ploughed at the start of the set-aside year, including
those sown with winter wheat, than
in those that had not. Brown foot rot (Fusarium spp.) was
equally severe where the wheat followed
wheat or where it followed set-aside treatments that allowed volunteers

to develop, and less so where
the development of volunteers was prevented. Take-all
(Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici) was
most severe after winter wheat and more severe after set-aside
treatments that allowed volunteers to
develop and survive through the winter than after those that
did not. Effects of ryegrass (Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum)

on take-all in the following wheat were particularly variable, perhaps

because ryegrass is a host of both the take-all fungus and of
Phialophora graminicola, one of its principal antagonists.
Effects of plant density and mulching on the
performance of late-season tomato (Lycopersicon
esculentum) in southern Nigeria
Authors: AGELE S. O. , IREMIREN G. O. , OJENIYI S. O. 
Published: July 2002

The growth and yield of late-season tomato was studied at Akure, Nigeria, from 1995 to 1998. In each
year, treatments were 0 (bare ground) or 12 kg/ha grass mulch applied to tomatoes at densities of 1·9,
2·8, 3·7 and 5·6 plants/m2 in a factorial combination. Increase in plant density and mulching reduced
soil temperature at 5 cm depth while only the latter enhanced soil moisture at 10 cm depth throughout
tomato growth. The improved soil hydrothermal regime resulted in earlier onset of flowering, 50%
flowering date and date of first harvest respectively and shorter fruit harvest duration in tomato
grown on either bare ground or at increased plant density.Although increased plant density reduced shoot dry weight per plant at final harvest, both root
length per plant and root dry weight per plant were enhanced. Fruit yield/ha increased as plant
density increased although yield of the individual plants and their components were significantly
reduced. Because of compensation at higher plant population densities, it is economical to grow late-season tomato at 5·6 plants/m2. Mulching enhanced growth and yield of tomato compared to bare
ground and the result emphasizes the need for early and rapid growth of late-season tomato before
the onset of terminal drought.
Cold War Dichotomies
Authors: FOLLY MARTIN H. 
Published: July 2002

James E. Cronin, The World The Cold War Made. Order, Chaos and the Return
of History (New York and London: Routledge, 1996, £15.99). Pp. 344. ISBN
0 0415 90821 3.Richard M. Fried, The Russians Are Coming! The Russians Are Coming!
Pageantry and Patriotism in Cold War America (Oxford and New York:
Oxford University Press, 1998, £25.00). Pp. 220. ISBN 0 19 507020 8.Michael J. Hogan, A Cross of Iron. Harry S. Truman and the Origins of the
National Security State, 1945–1954 (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge
University Press, 1998, £25.00). Pp. 554. ISBN 0 521 64044 x.Michael Kort (ed.), The Columbia Guide to the Cold War (New York:
Columbia University Press, 1999, £32.00). Pp. 366. ISBN 0 231 10772 2.Joseph M. Siracusa, Into the Dark House. American Diplomacy and the Ideological
Origins of the Cold War (Claremont, CA: Regina Books, 1998, $36.95 cloth,
$14.95 paper). Pp. 288. ISBN 0 941690 81 4, 0 941690 80 6.There was a time not so long ago when it seemed that there was nothing new to
be written about the origins of the Cold War. The topic appeared to have
become stale, with the same battles being refought, along familiar lines. Cold War studies have not abated, however, and indeed have been reinvigorated by a
number of developments. The writer on American involvement in the Cold War
now has to consider how to integrate Eastern bloc material into their work, and
the developing theses of scholars from other Western nations, and from within
the US to respond to the prevailing intellectual trend in much of academia to
focus on ideology, culture and discourse.
Occurrence of D-amino acids in a typical semi-hard cheese
Authors: INNOCENTE NADIA , PALLA GERARDO 
Published: July 2002

D-alanine (D-Ala), D-aspartic acid (D-Asp) and
D-glutamic acid (D-Glu) are
important constituents of the cell walls of bacteria responsible for fermentation
processes, and have been detected in several fermented foods, such as cheeses, yogurt
and vinegar (Palla et al. 1989; Brückner & Hausch, 1990;
Dossena et al. 1991; Brückner et al. 1992; Gandolfi et al.
1992). In particular, D-amino acids have been
found, free and abundant, in cheeses requiring long ripening periods (1–2 years;
Santaguida et al. 1995). Their presence in cheeses could be related mainly to lysis of
the bacterial wall, to which short-chain D-amino acids are bound, but also to the
activity of bacterial racemases (Adams, 1972), which convert free L-amino acids
generated during proteolysis. The content of these D-amino
acids and the D:L ratio
have been recently proposed as indicators of ripening and for quality assessment of
Parmigiano Reggiano and Grana Padano cheeses (Marchelli et al. 1997).The aim of the present study was to determine D-amino acids in cheeses with
shorter ripening periods to evaluate whether they could be useful as indicators of
ripening and for quality assessment. The work was carried out with Montasio, a
typical cheese produced in north-east Italy using traditional methods. Montasio is a
semi-hard cheese produced from unpasteurized milk, cooked at 44–46 °C and
consumed after at least 2 months ripening. This study represents an extension of
previous work on free amino acid contents and ripening in semi-hard cheeses
(Innocente, 1997).
Surface wave damping in a brimful circular cylinder
Authors: Martel Carlos , Nicholás José A. , Vega José M. 
Published: July 2002

Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 360 (1998), pp. 213–228As pointed out to us by Mr T. Heath, the following printing errors can
be quite
misleading when using the formulas in the paper to obtain eigenfrequencies
and damping
rates to compare with experiments:in (A 13) 1 should read −1 on the right-hand side;in (A 22) and (A 26) Ω20 should read
Ω−20;in (A 25) the factor Ω40 must be omitted

on the right-hand side.When revising again the printed version of the paper, we discovered
several
additional misprints:A factor C was omitted in the first two integrals
in the expression for J2, immediately
following equation (2.9).The sign of the second expression for I1 in
(2.23) should be changed.The expression (W0Wz
+3WW0z)z=0 should read

2(W0Wz
+WW0z)z=0 in equation
(2.24).The expression
W0(1, z)W0z(1,
z) in (2.26)
should read
W0(r, 0)W0z(r,
0).None of the misprints above affect the results of the paper, which were
obtained with
the correct expressions.
Stability analysis of natural convection in a
cavity; walls with uniform heat or mass flux
Authors: SUNDSTRÖM L.-G. , VYNNYCKY M. 
Published: July 2002

A linear stability analysis is made of a family of natural convection flows in an
arbitrarily inclined rectangular enclosure. The flow is driven by prescribed heat
or mass fluxes along two opposing walls. The analysis allows for perturbations
in arbitrary directions; however, the purely longitudinal or transverse modes are
numerically found to be the most unstable. For the numerical treatment, a finite
difference method with automatically calculated differencing molecules, variable order
of accuracy, and accurate boundary treatment is developed. In cases with boundary
layers, a special scaling is applied.For base solutions with natural (bottom heavy) stratification, critical conditions are
solved for as a function of the Rayleigh number, Ra, and the angle of inclination to
the bottom-heated case, α, for different Prandtl numbers (Pr), with complete results
for Pr=0.025, 0.1, 0.7, 7, 1000, and Pr→∞. The uniform flux case is found to be
much more stable than that of Hart (1971) with fixed wall temperatures, a fact which
is attributed to the much larger stratification which occurs in the base solution. As
could be expected, instabilities tend to be favoured by a decrease in Pr, an increase
in Ra, and a decrease in α; however, exceptions to all these rules could be found.Cases in which the wavenumber is zero, or approaches zero in different ways, are
studied analytically. Integral conditions, derived from the unresolved end regions, are
applied in the analysis. The results show that all the base solutions with unnatural
(top heavy) stratification are unstable to large-wavelength stationary rolls whose axes
are parallel with the base flow.Real-valued perturbations are constructed and visualized for some of the modes
considered.
‘Perfecting imperfections’:
developing procedures for amending constitutions in
Commonwealth Africa
Authors: Hatchard John 
Published: July 2002

A constitution enjoys a special place in the life of any nation,
for it
regulates not only the exercise of political power, but also the
relationship between political entities and between the state and
persons. Being the supreme law, it helps to shape the organisation and

development of society both for the present and for future generations,

and sets objective standards upon which the people and the
international community can judge government performance, thus
providing a measure of accountability and transparency in national
and local affairs. Further, a constitution sets out the rights and duties

of the citizens, and provides mechanisms to enable them to protect their

interests. Overall a constitution can contribute to the development of

a politically active civil society as well as promoting good governance,

accountability and the rule of law.Prior to the 1990s the history of constitutions and constitutionalism

in Commonwealth Africa, as elsewhere on the continent, was bleak.
The newly independent states started life with the Westminster export
model constitution bestowed upon them by the British. There was little

or no opportunity for public debate on the document, and the
nationalist leaders themselves had no genuine choice as to its structure

and contents. The futility of forcing the model on the newly
independent states, in the words of Karugire ‘a triumph of hope over

experience’, inevitably led to constitutional instability and a round
of
constitution-making and amendment wholly designed to enhance
executive power, remove checks and balances, and undermine the
enjoyment of fundamental rights and freedoms.