bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Financial Settlement
Authors: Chang Michele 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This chapter explores the provisions of the Withdrawal Agreement on the financial settlement — the money the UK shall pay to the EU in connection to its departure. The financial settlement for the withdrawal of the UK from the EU posed numerous challenges to both parties. For the UK, internal divisions in the ruling Conservative party made it difficult to develop a coherent position. On the one hand, Brexit hardliners saw continued contributions to the EU budget after Brexit as a betrayal of the referendum result. On the other hand, the so-called Remainers favoured maintaining close relations with the EU and paying to ensure access to its markets and various programmes. For the EU, Brexit threatened the budgetary agreement that had been carefully negotiated in the context of the 2014–2020 multi-annual financial framework. Moreover, the exit of the UK from the EU ushers in a new era. Because the UK was, despite its rebates, one of the largest net contributors to the EU budget, Brexit could impair the EU’s ability to finance some of its traditional programmes or to expand into new areas.
The Future of British–Irish Relations after Brexit
Authors: Tannam Etain 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This chapter assesses the impact of UK withdrawal from the EU on British–Irish relations. It examines yet another possible disintegrative effect of Brexit on the UK system, namely the re-unification of Ireland. The 1998 Belfast/Good Friday Agreement, bringing to a close decades of sectarian violence in Northern Ireland, had created an excellent working relations between Dublin and London. However, Brexit has threated this equilibrium, and has unexpectedly brought back on the agenda a possible border poll. The chapter then looks at the unfolding of the Brexit negotiations from June of 2016 to March of 2020 from the perspectives of British–Irish relations. It also studies the importance of the British–Irish relationship and the EU in the peace process in Northern Ireland, and considers potential methods of managing the relationship after Brexit.
Introduction
Authors: Sarra Janis 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Chapter 1 introduces the need for effective climate governance in businesses and financial institutions. A variety of concurrent strategies are required to tackle global warming through mitigation and adaptation internationally and domestically. The chapter introduces how the best of current scholarly and business literature on effective governance can guide this transition and offer a coherent normative and practical framework for moving forward. It offers some essential definitions so that readers understand how the terms are used throughout the book, including the Anthropocene, global warming and climate change, greenhouse gas emissions and carbon intensity, systemic risk, climate mitigation and adaptation, net zero carbon emissions, climate resilience, and the circular economy. It provides an overview of the book’s structure and objectives.
Socialist Civic Virtues
Authors: Muldoon James 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The German council movements struggled not only for the deepening of democracy and the social ownership of the means of production, but also for a broader project of human emancipation couched in terms of ideological transformation and cultural rejuvenation. An overlooked yet significant contribution to this debate was Rosa Luxemburg’s theorization of ‘socialist civic virtues’ as a key element of class struggle and socialist democracy. Luxemburg incorporated republican language and themes into a socialist political ideology of workers’ self-emancipation. She understood that worker-controlled institutions would need to be supported by widespread socialist norms that would be common knowledge and followed as a matter of habit. It would be necessary to direct workers away from the egoism, individualism, and competition that predominated in capitalist societies and towards a socialist culture of self-discipline, public-spiritedness, solidarity, and self-activity. She believed it was primarily through their own political activity and the experience of political struggle that workers could acquire the necessary habits and dispositions of self-government for living in a self-determining society. Her theory of socialist civic virtues helps provide content to the council movements’ vision of the institutional and cultural order of a future socialist society.
Jack Yeats’s Scrapbooks
Authors: Allen Nicholas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A one-time commercial illustrator, a playwright and a fiction writer, Jack Yeats spent much of his early adult life in in Devon, where he lived before he moved to Greystones, County Wicklow, in 1910. He loved to swim and to sail, and the characteristic he valued most was a wildness that he associated with a natural freedom, a liberty that drew him to paint travellers, fishermen, and circus performers. Wildness for Yeats was a freedom from self-consciousness and a capacity to act gaily, a characteristic he drew with vigor in his sketches of jockeys, boxers, and pirates for his children’s theatre. This last represented a freedom of the port and sea that was anchored in a much older culture of oceanic trade and discovery and the portals of this maritime world were a threshold between the diverse cultures that Yeats inhabited, which this chapter reads through his scrapbook collection.
Conclusion
Authors: Allen Nicholas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The cultural histories of the coastal margins that shape Seatangled point to new, and sometimes revived, understandings of what it means to live by the sea, even as the chemistry of the oceans changes before us. It may be then that a turn towards the coast is a turn also towards a more sustainable, and a smaller-scale, sense of community, capable at the same time of holding the planet in view. If the sea has recently been more remote from the immediate experience of everyday life than it was a century ago, the representation of its tidal margins remains a rich resource for images of self, sovereignty and the blurred boundaries between reality and the imagination, one example of which the conclusion studies is Sean Scully’s exhibition Sea Star, at the National Gallery in London.
The Fall of the Honest Broker
Authors: Paterson Sarah 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Thus far, this book has focused on concepts which have played a crucial role in formulating the debate between economically minded and progressively minded scholars about the policy and content of corporate reorganization law. In contrast with these earlier chapters, Chapter 8 is concerned with a concept which has not divided corporate reorganization law scholars to date, but which now interacts with another corporate law field in a new way. The relevant concept is the concept of transparency and disclosure, and the proximate field in question is the law of insider trading. Chapter 8 explores why shifts in identities in the finance field raise entirely new questions about the implications of transparency and disclosure for insider trading and market abuse liability in both the US and England.
Looking to the Future
Authors: Paterson Sarah 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
It is an organizing principle of the book that modern corporate reorganization law responds to different patterns of fact in diverse and complex ways, and this chapter explores other types of corporate reorganization case beyond financial restructuring. It argues that the analysis of these types of case may depend more fundamentally on the lens through which they are viewed. Furthermore, it suggests that there are reasons to suspect that there may be an increase in some of these other types of case over the next decade. This provides the framework in which to investigate the claim in the book that English scholars, practitioners, judges, and the legislature may face challenges in connecting concepts which are well adapted to a reorganization of loan, bond, and equity finance arrangements to new adaptations of corporate reorganization law.
Conclusion
Authors: Walker Nathaniel Robert 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The diverse horde of nineteenth-century utopian visions was united by a consistent call to abolish urbanism and replace it with a future in gardens. A short discussion of the consequences of these visions in real landscapes of the twentieth century is presented in this conclusion: the suburban revolution has evolved in ways that would probably have prompted ambivalence in the minds of many Victorians, had they lived to see their dreams come true in some ways, and fail in others. Their longing for reform was often motivated by genuine desires to improve the lives of their fellow beings, although it is also a tragic fact that their altruism was often tarnished by bigotry, arrogance, simplistic thinking, and other corrupting influences. In the end, perhaps the most valuable legacy of the Victorian utopian visionaries is their demonstration of the incredible power of human dreams to change our world—and the need for humans to continue dreaming, with compassion and humility, to make the world better, in part by undoing the damage of old dreams that have become modern nightmares.
Coda
Authors: Ferraro Thomas J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The coda to Transgression & Redemption considers how the knowledges, methods, and values of the book might contribute to further considerations of the American novel, with immediate emphasis on several canonical masterpieces of the 1930s, including William Faulkner’s Absalom, Absalom! (1936), Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937), and Nathanael West’s The Day of the Locust (1939); how, alternatively, the critical repertoire of this book might contribute to Hollywood scholarship beyond poststructuralist feminist critique, with emphasis split between the erotic-spiritual edginess of individual Criterion-canonized masterpieces (the not happily-ever-after: Casablanca, All About Eve, Blue Velvet) and the luminous achievement of “sexually ever after” in serial Hollywood films, featuring Bogey and Bacall, Katherine Hepburn and one of her men, or Myrna Loy and William Powell; and how, finally, the book’s critical reorientation can reveal the mythopoetic force of American popular music, beginning for illustration’s sake with the two greatest vocalists in that history, Billie Holiday and Frank Sinatra, whose vocalized radiance, entailing bent notes and captured lyric, express obsessively the twin dimensions of incarnate passion, sex and sentiment. Or, as the two of them (sort of Catholics, Marian both) liked to put it, body and soul.
Desire and the spiritual ascent
Authors: Hole Sam 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Chapter 2 explores the distinctiveness of John’s writing, examining the various theological and non-theological traditions by which John’s notion of desire was informed. A brief biography of John, to give the reader entirely unfamiliar with John an initial understanding of his context, is offered. John’s appropriation of Thomas Aquinas’s anthropology is inspected. John’s thought was also rooted in a sixteenth-century reappraisal of the Augustinian tradition that emphasized the spiritual ascent as undergone through the transformation of the interior faculties of the soul. In addition, John was influenced by his reading of late medieval Dionysian traditions, with their heightened sense of the metaphysical rootedness of the soul’s appetites in the desiring quality of divine love. It is, of course, difficult to speak uncomplicatedly of a Dionysian, Augustinian, or Thomist understanding of any given theological topic. Accordingly, the chapter pays particular attention to John’s late medieval intellectual and monastic context, examining how these diverse traditions may have been transmitted to John and received by him. At the end of Chapter 2 the elevated attention that John pays to the potential and limits of language is examined. John’s depiction of the significance of language on the ascent is influenced by Dionysian thought, by non-theological poetic traditions and by traditions of allegorical exegesis of the Song of Songs. John’s thought, in short, draws creatively on a range of theological and non-theological traditions that themselves draw in diverse fashion on biblical, Christian, and Platonic understandings of desire.
Context and Empirical Patterns
Authors: Quaglia Lucia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This chapter provides the context for the rest of the book and establishes the outcomes to be explained. It first outlines the pre-crisis regulation of derivatives markets, which were mostly subject to private sector governance. It then argues that the international regulation of derivatives can be considered as a regime complex that is not a silo-like nor a hierarchal regime, by showing that a variety of international standard-setting bodies were involved, jointly or separately, with no clear hierarchical structure. These bodies issued a panoply of international standards, which were often nested, overlapping, parallel, or interlinking. Finally, this chapter provides an overview of the vast array of post-crisis international standards concerning derivatives and examines the precision, stringency, and consistency of various elemental regimes on derivatives.
The Resilience of the Computational Theory of Cognition
Authors: Piccinini Gualtiero 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Computational Theory of Cognition (CTC) is controversial. It faces two types of objection. According to insufficiency objections, computation is insufficient for some cognitive phenomenon X. According to objections from neural realization, cognitive processes are realized by neural processes, but neural processes have feature Y and having Y is incompatible with being (or realizing) computations. This chapter explains why CTC survives these objections. Insufficiency objections are at best partial: for all they establish, computation may be sufficient for cognitive phenomena other than X, part of the explanation for X, or both. Objections from neural realization are based on a false contrast between feature Y and computation.
Descriptive Moral Theories
Authors: Christensen Anne-Marie Søndergaard 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This chapter develops an alternative, descriptive understanding of moral theory in order to reconcile two apparently conflicting insights; the insight of the critics of moral theory into the problems of the dominant conception of moral theory and the insight into the relevance that we still attribute to the positions traditionally conceived as theories such as Kantianism and utilitarianism. Building on the work of theory-critics, but without giving up the notion of moral theory, the chapter presents a view according to which theories are descriptive rather than prescriptive and serve heuristic and elucidatory purposes. Inspired by the notion of grammar found in the later work of Ludwig Wittgenstein, it is furthermore claimed that theories are descriptions which provide overviews of various normative structures of concerns—or moral grammars—and which may serve two different purposes, providing either general descriptions of the logic of our moral language or descriptions that elucidate a specific moral problem. According to this view, moral philosophers must accept the co-existence of a plurality of moral theories that describe a plurality of moral grammars, and they must give up the idea that moral theories are mutually exclusive. Moreover, the development of the second purpose reveals that theories cannot be the sole tool of moral philosophy, they need to be supplemented with grammatical investigations of the particularities involved in moral problems. Moral theories can be helpful, but they are never sufficient when addressing a problem in moral philosophy.
Essays in Analytic Theology
Authors: Rea Michael C. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This book is the first of two volumes collecting together the most substantial work in analytic theology that I have done between 2003 and 2018. The essays in this volume focus on the nature of God, whereas the essays in the companion volume focus on humanity and the human condition. The essays in the first part of this volume deal with issues in the philosophy of theology having to do with discourse about God and the authority of scripture; the essays in the second part focus on divine attributes; and the essays in the third part discuss the doctrine of the trinity and related issues. The book includes one new essay, another essay that was previously published only in German translation, and new postscripts to two of the essays.
Theology without Idolatry or Violence
Authors: Rea Michael C. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In Theology without Metaphysics, Kevin Hector offers a broadly Wittgensteinian theory about the nature and deployment of human concepts and predicates with the goal of showing how both can be applied to God in a non-metaphysical way. In this way, he hopes to show that cataphatic theology is not inherently metaphysical, and that one can therefore engage in it without falling into idolatry or violence. After brief clarification of the ‘idolatry’ and ‘violence’ objections against metaphysics, followed by an explanation of the way in which Hector’s proposal is supposed to provide a non-metaphysical way of doing substantive, cataphatic theology, this chapter identifies five difficulties that beset Hector’s view.
Essays in Analytic Theology
Authors: Rea Michael C. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This book is the second of two volumes collecting together the most substantial work in analytic theology that I have done between 2003 and 2018. The first volume contains essays focused, broadly speaking, on the nature of God; this second volume contains essays focused more on doctrines about humanity, the human condition, and how human beings relate to God. The essays in the first part deal with the doctrines of the incarnation, original sin, and atonement; the essays in the second part discuss the problem of evil, the problem of divine hiddenness, and a theological problem that arises in connection with the idea God not only tolerates but validates a response of angry protest in the face of these problems.
The New Needs of the Retail Enterprise
Authors: Treadgold Alan , Reynolds Jonathan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
All retailers need to revisit the extent to which their skills and capabilities are aligned to the new needs of their enterprises in the very changed landscapes in which they are seeking to engage shoppers, realize new opportunities, and resist much more intense and diverse competitive challenges. This is the focus of Chapter 9, in which we suggest that there are four territories in particular that retailers will need to focus on. Organizational and even ownership structures may need to change also in order for the needs of the enterprise to be better aligned to the new operating landscape.
Conclusions
Authors: Treadgold Alan , Reynolds Jonathan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A central defining thesis has framed the content of this book; namely that the retail industry globally is in the early stages of a transformation which will be more profound and far-reaching than any which has gone before. This chapter summarizes the key themes explored in the book. It is suggested that, for many, the opportunities in the new landscape of retailing are likely to be greater than the challenges presented. It is also suggested that there is no single roadmap for achieving success in the new landscape. There are, however, building blocks that retail enterprises and their leaders will need to have if they are to be successful. The chapter identifies and discusses five: being truly customer centric; being digitally skilled; embracing innovation; emphasizing strong, clear company values and demonstrating effective leadership.
From Explosive Vent Opening to Effusive Outpouring: Mineral Constraints on Magma Dynamics and Timescales at Paricutin Monogenetic Volcano
Authors: Larrea Patricia , Albert Helena , Ubide Teresa , Costa Fidel , Colás Vanessa , Widom Elisabeth , Siebe Claus 
Published: December 2020

AbstractParicutin volcano is the youngest monogenetic cone of the Michoacán–Guanajuato volcanic field (Mexico), with an excellent historical eruption record from February 1943 to March 1952. The magma emitted during the 9 years of activity was compositionally zoned from basaltic andesite to andesite. This eruption has been considered a classic example of magma differentiation controlled by crustal assimilation combined with fractional crystallization. However, a recent geochemical study of the eruption products points to mantle source heterogeneity and fractional crystallization as the key processes involved in the compositional variability of the magmas. Here we present a detailed petrological characterization of the minerals [olivine, plagioclase, pyroxene, Cr-spinel, and (Ti-)magnetite] to shed light on the processes that led to the chemical evolution of the eruptive products. Our sample set includes the early tephra from the first weeks or months of eruption and the whole sequence of lava flows that followed. The mineral assemblage, their texture, and chemical composition show a systematic evolution between the products from the opening of the explosive vent to the effusive stage. The early tephra are basaltic andesites with oscillatory-zoned olivine and plagioclase, zoned Cr-spinel, and rare pyroxene xenocrysts. In contrast, later erupted tephra and post-January 1944 lavas are basaltic andesites and andesites with normally zoned olivine, Cr-spinel inclusions in equilibrium with the host olivine, and frequent orthopyroxene (after December 1947) with minor chemical zoning. Mineral chemistry data and olivine diffusion timescales, together with whole-rock geochemistry, suggest a convective magma regime with large temperature and oxygen fugacity gradients characterized by short timescales (few days) during the opening stage, followed by a steadier magma regime with longer timescales (few months) and including periodic magma recharge, mixing, and fractional crystallization. In addition, the mineralogical evidence we have gathered does not support considerable crustal assimilation at Paricutin. This study shows that monogenetic eruptions are far from being geochemically simple, and instead involve multiple magma batches with complex storage and mixing stages before eruption.