bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term prognosis of liver disease in patients with eradicated chronic hepatitis C virus: An analysis using a Markov chain model
Authors: Tada Toshifumi , Toyoda Hidenori , Yasuda Satoshi , Kumada Takashi , Kurisu Akemi , Ohisa Masayuki , Akita Tomoyuki , Tanaka Junko 
Published: May 2020

AimThe long‐term prognosis of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection who have received antiviral therapy and who demonstrate HCV eradication remains incompletely characterized. In this study, we investigated the long‐term prognosis of liver disease in patients with eradication of HCV.MethodsA total of 552 patients with chronic HCV infection (6815 person‐years) who were treated with interferon‐based therapy and who achieved sustained virologic response were included. Yearly transition probabilities for each liver state (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]) were calculated using a Markov chain model.ResultsIn the analysis of 1‐year liver disease state transition probabilities, progression to cirrhosis occurred in 0.5–2.1% of male patients with chronic hepatitis across all age groups. In male patients with cirrhosis, HCC developed in 0.6–1.9% of patients over the age of 50 years. In female patients with chronic hepatitis, progression to cirrhosis occurred in 0.4–2.1% of patients across all age groups. In addition, in female patients with cirrhosis, HCC developed in those aged 60–69 (0.4%) and 70–79 (0.4%) years. Under the assumption of either a chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis state at age 40 or 60 years as the starting condition for simulation over the next 40 or 20 years, respectively, the probability of HCC gradually increased with age and was higher in male patients.ConclusionsThe development or progression of cirrhosis and the development of HCC are risks in HCV patients despite HCV eradication, not only in those with cirrhosis but also in those with chronic hepatitis.
Study of the incorporation of native and microencapsulated chia seed oil on pasta properties
Authors: González Agustín , Bordón María Gabriela , Bustos Mariela C. , Córdova Salazar Karina L. , Ribotta Pablo D. , Martínez Marcela L. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThe present work studied the effect of the incorporation of encapsulated chia seed oil on the cooking quality of dry pasta. Pasta morphology and oil distribution in the samples were studied. No significant variations were determined in cooking parameters as optimal cooking time, cooking loss and texture of cooked pasta with the incorporation of the encapsulated oil, but significant differences were determined in uncooked pasta texture and variables that describe water interaction, such as water absorption and swelling index. In addition, the incorporation of microencapsulated oil avoided oxidative deterioration, showing a protective effect and preventing the formation of hydroperoxide radicals in pasta preparation, storage and cooking procedures (compared with free oil‐containing pasta), resulting in a safer product. Storage at modified atmosphere exerts an additional protective effect on oil, enhancing the effect of the microcapsules. Microencapsulation proved to be an effective technology that preserves oil quality in ω‐3 rich pasta.
Wetting and spreading of Ca‐Y‐Ba‐Cu‐O solution on Y2O3 and CaSZ crucible in growing Y1‐xCaxBa2Cu3O7‐δ single crystal
Authors: Huang Simin , Zhu Yanhan , Qian Jun , Wan Yan , Yin Yiqian , Zhou Ligang , Diko Pavel , Kucharova Veronika , Zmorayova Katarina , Kim Young‐June , Yao Xin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSizable and uniform Y1‐xCaxBa2Cu3O7‐δ single crystals are of significant importance to study high‐temperature superconductivity. However, the severe liquid loss resulting from intrinsic wetting property during top‐seeded solution‐growth (TSSG), makes it difficult to obtain such crystals. Here the reactive wetting performance of the Ca‐Y‐Ba‐Cu‐O solution on two types of crucibles was studied. It was identified that the spreading process on the Y2O3 crucible is characterized by forming double‐layer of Y2BaCuO5 and YBa2Cu3O7‐δ, while that on the CaSZ crucible (Ca‐stabilized ZrO2) produces the BaZrO3 layer with CuO phase. In the former case, the liquid has a low energy interface with the top layer of YBa2Cu3O7‐δ, leading to strong spreading and creeping behaviors. Conversely, due to a high interfacial energy between solution and BaZrO3, the CaSZ crucible has a low wettability, particularly beneficial to solve the liquid loss problem. Consequently, with negligible liquid creeping out of CaSZ crucibles, we succeeded in growing a series of homogeneous Y1‐xCaxBa2Cu3O7‐δ single crystals with an acceptable size up to a × b × c = 11.2 × 11 × 4.8 mm3. Moreover the wetting modes of solution on various kinds of crucibles for TSSG in growing doped YBa2Cu3O7‐δ single crystals were also elucidated. Most importantly, the understanding gained from this work is broadly applicable for producing other desirable doped‐crystals.
Self‐efficacy instruments for type 2 diabetes self‐care: A systematic review of measurement properties
Authors: Lee Jiyeon , Lee Eun‐Hyun , Chae Duckhee 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimsTo identify currently available self‐efficacy instruments for type 2 diabetes self‐care and to evaluate the evidence for their measurement properties.DesignSystematic review of measurement properties.Data sourcesThe PubMed, Embase and CINAHL databases were searched from their inception to 27 May 2019.Review methodsThe updated COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments methodology were applied.ResultsTwelve instruments were identified from 3,665 records. Eight instruments were related to self‐efficacy in performing a comprehensive set of the tasks/behaviours for diabetes self‐care and the other four addressed specific behaviours related to diabetes self‐care, such as insulin management. Most of the 12 instruments were developed based on Bandura's self‐efficacy theory as their theoretical background. Overall, sufficient high‐quality evidence for measurement properties was seldom identified. The Diabetes Management Self‐Efficacy Scale is currently the best instrument, with particularly the 4‐factor, 16‐item version being demonstrated to have sufficient high‐quality evidence for structural and internal consistency and sufficient moderate‐quality evidence for reliability and convergent validity.ConclusionsNone of the instruments evaluated all of the relevant measurement properties. The Diabetes Management Self‐Efficacy Scale is currently the most suitable instrument for potential use in practice and research. The measurement invariance across languages, measurement error and responsiveness of this instrument still need be evaluated.ImpactThis systematic review provides clinicians and researchers with a comprehensive list of available instruments for measuring self‐efficacy in diabetes self‐care, as well as evidence for helping them to select the most appropriate instrument. Using a psychometrically sound instrument will accurately inform practitioners about the levels of self‐efficacy in self‐care among patients with type 2 diabetes in practice and avoid threatening the credibility of research studies on self‐efficacy in diabetes self‐care.
Patient‐reported outcomes after cryoballoon ablation are equivalent between moderate sedation and general anesthesia
Authors: Wasserlauf Jeremiah , Kaplan Rachel M. , Walega David R. , Arora Rishi , Chicos Alexandru B. , Kim Susan S. , Lin Albert C. , Verma Nishant , Patil Kaustubha D. , Knight Bradley P. , Passman Rod S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionModerate sedation (MS) during cryoballoon ablation (CBA) avoids risks of general anesthesia (GA) and improves electrophysiology (EP) lab throughput. However, one barrier to the use of MS is the potential for patient discomfort. The objective of this study was to compare patient‐reported outcome measures following CBA for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (pAF) under MS and GA.Methods and ResultsConsecutive patients undergoing a first CBA for pAF under GA or MS were prospectively enrolled. The sedation method was assigned based on patient and provider preference, and perceived airway risk. The primary outcomes were quality of recovery (measured using a validated 40 question survey; QoR‐40) and likelihood to recommend (LTR) the procedure and sedation method (measured by Likert scale). Secondary outcomes were acute pulmonary vein (PV) isolation rate, procedure, fluoroscopy and ablation times, and complication rates. Forty‐seven GA and 53 MS patients were included. The mean age was 64.9 ± 9.4 years and mean CHA2DS2‐VASc score was 2.0 ± 1.4. QoR‐40 scores were 184.6 ± 16.4 for GA and 187.6 ± 10.2 for MS (P = .28). LTR responses were similar between groups. Mean procedure times were 148.2 ± 56.0 minutes for GA and 129.4 ± 31.4 minutes for MS (P = .038). Fluoroscopy and ablation times were similar between groups. A total of 100% (409/409) of PVs were acutely isolated. One hemopericardium occurred in the MS group requiring pericardiocentesis.ConclusionMS for CBA offers an alternative to GA that is safe and well‐tolerated by patients with comparable success rates and improved EP lab throughput.
Correlation between the hemoporfin‐mediated photodynamic treatment response and the dermoscopy vascular pattern in patients with a port‐wine stain: a prospective study
Authors: Wang X. , Suo H. , Gao Y. , Du H. , Fu Y. , Sha S. , Liu Y. , Su X. , An X. , Guo X. , Li Y. , Tao J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundVascular targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel and promising therapy for the treatment of port‐wine stains (PWS). There has been little prior exploration to our knowledge of how the dermatological vascular pattern may predict the response to PDT.ObjectivesTo analyse whether the vascular pattern classifications of PWS by dermoscopy can predict the efficacy of PDT.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 163 patients with a clinical diagnosis of PWS who were treated twice with hemoporfin‐mediated photodynamic therapy (HMME‐PDT) at two‐month intervals and followed up for 6 months. The vascular manifestations of dermoscopy with PWS were independently classified into 8 categories by 3 dermatologists. Images of the lesions were taken using VISIA, and the vascular patterns were imaged by dermoscopy by the same investigator. Images were captured before and after each treatment. The efficacy was evaluated with pre‐ and post‐treatment VISIA images, and correlations between efficacy and vascular patterns were analysed by four dermatologists in a blinded and independent manner, between 10 January 2019 and 11 December 2019.ResultsIn the dermoscopy images for the whole cohort, dotted and globular vessels (15.3%), short clubbed vessels (18.4%) and curved vessels (12.9%) were highly associated with cure and beneficial treatment effects. Pale halos surrounding brown dots (8.0%) and arborizing vessels (9.8%) were mainly correlated with skin lesion alleviation. Mixed vessels (12.9%), a grey‐whitish veil (11.7%) and reticular patterns (11.0%) were mainly associated with no effect. The differences between each subgroup were statistically significant (P = 0.000).ConclusionsThere is a clear correlation between the efficacy of PDT and the dermoscopy pattern in patients with PWS. Dermoscopy may therefore provide very useful clinical information prior to treatment in these cases. In addition, the vascular manifestations of PWS determined by dermoscopy help to predict response to PDT and manage patient expectations.
Metal configurations on 2D materials investigated via atomic resolution HAADF stem
Authors: COURTNEY E. , CONROY M. , BANGERT U. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThe behaviour of palladium and nickel deposited on mechanically exfoliated samples of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (MoS2, WS2 and WSe2) via e‐beam evaporation was investigated. Sputtering of metals on the 2D flakes allowed for interaction of the metal and TMD to be investigated on the Å scale in an aberration‐corrected transmission electron microscope. Through low energy sputtering, metals can be deposited on 2D materials without causing damage to the thin flakes. The material's interaction is investigated on the atomic scale via high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy in high angle annular dark‐field imaging. Initially, the effect of thermal annealing on the stability of the Pd–2D interaction was investigated, revealing the remarkable difference in particle stability between the 2D materials. Nickel deposition however only resulted in oxidised amorphous particles. The oxide particles’ cross‐sectional area and circularity were independent of the TMD substrate thickness, type, or deposition rate.Lay DescriptionUnderstanding the interaction between metals and 2D materials is imperative for future device functionalisation. Palladium and nickel were deposited on samples of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (MoS2, WS2 and WSe2) via e‐beam evaporation. Low energy introduced metal to the 2D materials without causing damage to the thin flakes. The metal–2D interaction was investigated on the Å scale via high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy in high angle annular dark‐field imaging. The interaction between the Pd and the 2Ds was investigated to see whether Pd is a viable contact solution for TMD materials and to study the metal–2D interaction at the atomic level. Effect of annealing and heat on the stability of the Pd–2D interaction was investigated, showing Pd–WSe2 to have high particle stability up to 200 °C.In contrast, the Pd–MoS2 and Pd–WS2 had lower particle stability when heated, revealing particle agglomeration and changes. Nickel was found to oxidise into amorphous oxide particles quickly after deposition. The oxide particles’ characteristics were independent of the TMD substrate thickness andtype, and independent of the rate at which metal was deposited.
The non‐linear influence of the frequency of interactions between team managers and team members on positive team mood: a moderated model
Authors: Hernández Ana , González-Romá Vicente , Oltra Rafael 
Published: May 2020

Based on contradictory arguments about whether the frequency of the interactions between team managers and the teams they manage is positive or negative for teams, we hypothesize a curvilinear relationship. Focusing on positive team mood and based on the leadership literature and the conservation of resources theory, we hypothesize an inverted‐U‐shaped relationship. In addition, adding arguments from the substitutes for leadership theory, we propose that this curvilinear relationship is moderated by team potency and tenure. Hypotheses were tested using panel data collected in a sample of 55 work teams by means of hierarchical non‐lineal regression. Results show that, as expected, the relationship between the frequency of the interactions and positive team mood was curvilinear and moderated by team potency and team tenure. As expected, the curve became increasingly convex downward as team tenure increased. However, for team potency, the results were contrary to what was expected. The results have important implications for planning the frequency of managers’ interactions with their teams, and they indicate the importance of considering team tenure and potency as contextual moderators.Practitioner points

Our study shows that the frequency with which team managers interact with team members to discuss work, organizational, and team functioning issues is a relevant predictor of positive team mood.

More frequent interactions do not always foster positive team mood. Average interaction levels, as perceived by team members, are more effective than low or high levels.

Managers should adapt the frequency of the interactions to the characteristics of the teams managed, particularly their tenure and potency.
Identifying Invaders: The Case of Ceratium furcoides (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae) in South America
Authors: Accattatis Victoria , Piccini Claudia , Huber Paula , Metz Sebastian , Rueda Eva , Devercelli Melina 
Published: May 2020

Ceratium furcoides is an invasive freshwater dinoflagellate that in the last three decades has expanded its geographic distribution in South America, being recently found in Paraná River floodplain (Argentina). Despite growing concern about the presence and impacts of this invader, information regarding genetic diversity in the Southern Hemisphere is missing. This work constitutes the first phylogenetic characterization of Ceratium populations of South America, particularly, from the Paraná system. After taxonomic identification as C. furcoides based on morphological traits, two sequencing‐based approaches were applied using the ribosomal 18S gene: Sanger sequencing to isolated individuals and high‐throughput amplicon sequencing (HTS) to environmental DNA. The sequence of C. furcoides obtained shared 100% identity to Asian sequences, and formed a highly supported clade in the constructed reference phylogenetic tree. HTS helped to recover low‐frequency genetic variants suggesting the presence of different population of C. furcoides, and to alert potential invasion in its early stages.
Medieval English Multilingualisms
Authors: Critten Rory G. , Dutton Elisabeth 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article introduces the nonmedievalist reader to the multilingual landscape of England 700–1400. Building on recent work exploring in particular the relationships among English, French, and Latin in medieval England, it discusses a series of “multilingual moments” from a range of sources, including letters, poems, travel writings, and French language teaching texts. Together, these examples build a picture of the complex interrelationships of languages, both spoken and written, that existed for medieval English people at home and when traveling abroad. Then, as now, people can be seen using their linguistic resources for pragmatic and creative effect. We demonstrate that multilingualism is nothing new. From a methodological perspective, our work also underlines the importance of viewing linguistic attitudes in their particular intellectual and historical contexts.
Toward Computational Models of Multilingual Sentence Processing
Authors: Frank Stefan L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAlthough computational models can simulate aspects of human sentence processing, research on this topic has remained almost exclusively limited to the single language case. The current review presents an overview of the state of the art in computational cognitive models of sentence processing, and discusses how recent sentence‐processing models can be used to study bi‐ and multilingualism. Recent results from cognitive modeling and computational linguistics suggest that phenomena specific to bilingualism can emerge from systems that have no dedicated components for handling multiple languages. Hence, accounting for human bi‐/multilingualism may not require models that are much more sophisticated than those for the monolingual case.
Cell wall polysaccharides from pathogenic fungi for diagnosis of fungal infectious disease
Authors: Ahamefula Osibe Dandy , Lei Shuhan , Wang Bin , Jin Cheng , Fang Wenxia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInvasive fungal diseases are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment. Despite traditional methods such as microbiological culture, histopathology, radiology and direct microscopy are available, antigen/antibody‐based diagnostics are emerging for diagnosis of invasive fungal infections (IFI). Fungal cell wall is a unique structure composed of polysaccharides that are well correlated with fungal burden during fungal infections. Based on this feature, cell wall polysaccharides have been explored as antigens in IFIs diagnostics such as the galactomannan assay, mannan test, β‐glucan assay and cryptococcal CrAg test. Herein, we provide an overview on the cell wall polysaccharides from three opportunistic pathogens: Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans, and their applications for IFIs diagnosis. The clinical outcome of newly developed cell wall polysaccharides‐based diagnostics is also discussed.
Clinical course of Immunoglobulin A nephropathy with crescents in a multi‐ethnic Southeast Asian cohort
Authors: Lim Cynthia C. , Baikunje Shashidhar , Choo Jason C. J. , Tan Puay H. , Foo Marjorie , Woo Keng T. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimClinical presentation and course of Immunoglobulin A nephropathy vary by ethnicity and geography and significance of extracapillary proliferation or crescents (IgAN‐C) in Southeast Asia is not well described. We aimed to describe the clinical course of IgAN‐C in Singapore.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of adult biopsy‐proven IgAN diagnosed between February 2011 and October 2016 in 2 hospital‐based nephrology units. Outcome was chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, defined as reduction in eGFR ≥50% or end stage renal failure (ESRF).ResultsOne hundred and forty‐five patients were studied. Among individuals with IgAN‐C (n = 44, 30%), 38 patients had cellular or fibrocellular crescents in 1 to 25% of the glomeruli and 6 had crescents in >25%. Median eGFR was 54 (33, 83) mL/min/1.73 m2. Compared to IgAN without crescents, IgAN‐C had greater proteinuria (median 2.9 [1.4, 5.4] g/g vs 1.9 [1.1, 3.6] g/g, P = .03) and more had endocapillary hypercellularity (96% vs 39%, P < .001). IgAN‐C were also more likely to receive immunosuppressants (66% vs 43%, P = .01) such as prednisolone (63% vs 38%, P = .006) and cyclophosphamide (12% vs 2%, P = .03).Median follow up was 27 (12, 46) months. IgAN‐C were more likely to achieve proteinuria reduction ≥50% at 6 months (66% vs 44%, P = .03). CKD progression within 12 months was not different among those with and without crescents (13% vs 10% respectively, P = .73). However, immunosuppressant treatment of IgAN‐C was associated with reduced ESRF (0 vs 20%, P = .03).ConclusionImmunosuppressants may attenuate the risk of ESRF in IgAN‐C.
Evidence for an extinct lineage of angiosperms from the Early Cretaceous of Patagonia and implications for the early radiation of flowering plants
Authors: Coiro Mario , Martínez Leandro C.A. , Upchurch Garland R. , Doyle James A. 
Published: May 2020

Summary

The pinnately lobed Aptian leaf fossil Mesodescolea plicata was originally described as a cycad, but new evidence from cuticle structure suggests that it is an angiosperm. Here we document the morphology and cuticle anatomy of Mesodescolea and explore its significance for early angiosperm evolution.

We observed macrofossils and cuticles of Mesodescolea with light, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy, and used phylogenetic methods to test its relationships among extant angiosperms.

Mesodescolea has chloranthoid teeth and tertiary veins forming elongate areoles. Its cuticular morphology and ultrastructure reject cycadalean affinities, whereas its guard cell shape and stomatal ledges are angiospermous. It shares variable stomatal complexes and epidermal oil cells with angiosperm leaves from the lower Potomac Group. Phylogenetic analyses and hypothesis testing support its placement within the basal ANITA grade, most likely in Austrobaileyales, but it diverges markedly in leaf form and venation.

Although many Early Cretaceous angiosperms fall within the morphological range of extant taxa, Mesodescolea reveals unexpected early morphological and ecophysiological trends. Its similarity to other Early Cretaceous lobate leaves, many identified previously as eudicots but in some cases pre‐dating the appearance of tricolpate pollen, may indicate that Mesodescolea is part of a larger extinct lineage of angiosperms.