bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Space Weather Tool for Identifying Eruptive Active Regions
Authors: Pagano Paolo , Mackay Duncan H. , Yardley Stephanie L. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
One of the main goals of solar physics is the timely identification of eruptive active regions. Space missions such as Solar Orbiter or future space weather forecasting missions would largely benefit from this achievement. Our aim is to produce a relatively simple technique that can provide real-time indications or predictions that an active region will produce an eruption. We expand on the theoretical work of Pagano et al. that was able to distinguish eruptive from non-eruptive active regions. From this, we introduce a new operational metric that uses a combination of observed line-of-sight magnetograms, 3D data-driven simulations, and the projection of the 3D simulations forward in time. Results show that the new metric correctly distinguishes active regions as eruptive when observable signatures of eruption have been identified and as non-eruptive when there are no observable signatures of eruption. After successfully distinguishing eruptive from non-eruptive active regions we illustrate how this metric may be used in a “real-time” operational sense were three levels of warning are categorized. These categories are: high risk (red), medium risk (amber), and low risk (green) of eruption. Through considering individual cases, we find that the separation into eruptive and non-eruptive active regions is more robust the longer the time series of observed magnetograms used to simulate the build up of magnetic stress and free magnetic energy within the active region. Finally, we conclude that this proof of concept study delivers promising results where the ability to categorize the risk of an eruption is a major achievement.
Efficient Production of Sound Waves by AGN Jets in the Intracluster Medium
Authors: Bambic Christopher J. , Reynolds Christopher S. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We investigate the interaction between active galactic nucleus (AGN) jets and the intracluster medium (ICM) of galaxy clusters. Specifically, we study the efficiency with which jets can drive sound waves into the ICM. Previous works focused on this issue model the jet–ICM interaction as a spherically symmetric explosion, finding that ≲12.5% of the blast energy is converted into sound waves, even for instantaneous energy injection. We develop a method for measuring sound wave energy in hydrodynamic simulations and measure the efficiency of sound wave driving by supersonic jets in a model ICM. Our axisymmetric fiducial simulations convert ≳25% of the jet energy into strong, long-wavelength sound waves that can propagate to large distances. Vigorous instabilities driven by the jet–ICM interaction generate small-scale sound waves that constructively interfere, forming powerful large-scale waves. By scanning a parameter space of opening angles, velocities, and densities, we study how our results depend on jet properties. High-velocity, wide-angle jets produce sound waves most efficiently, yet the acoustic efficiency never exceeds 1/3 of the jet energy—an indication that equipartition may limit the nonlinear energy conversion process. Our work argues that sound waves may compose a significant fraction of the energy budget in cluster AGN feedback and underscores the importance of properly treating compressive wave dissipation in the weakly collisional, magnetized ICM.
Anomalously Narrow Line Widths of Compact Massive Star-forming Galaxies at z ∼ 2.3: A Possible Inclination Bias in the Size–Mass Plane
Authors: Mowla Lamiya A. , Nelson Erica J. , Dokkum Pieter van , Tadaki Ken-ichi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Compact, massive star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 2.5 are thought to be building the central regions of giant elliptical galaxies today. However, a significant fraction of these objects were previously shown to have much smaller Hα line widths than expected. A possible interpretation is that Hα emission from their central regions, where the highest velocities are expected, is typically obscured by dust. Here we present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of the CO(3–2) emission line of three compact, massive galaxies with Hα line widths of FWHM(Hα) ∼ 125–260 km s−1 to test this hypothesis. Surprisingly, in all three galaxies, the CO line width is similar to the Hα line width: we find FWHM(CO) ∼ 165 km s−1 for all three galaxies whereas FWHM(CO) ∼ 450–700 km s−1 was expected from a simple virial estimator. These results show that the narrow Hα line widths of many compact massive star-forming galaxies are not due to preferential obscuration of the highest velocity gas. An alternative explanation for the narrow line widths is that the galaxies are disks that are viewed nearly face-on. We suggest that there may be an inclination bias in the size–mass plane, such that the apparent rest-frame optical sizes of face-on galaxies are smaller than those of edge-on galaxies. Although not conclusive, this hypothesis is supported by an observed anti-correlation between size and axis ratio of massive galaxies.
En Face OCT of Type 2 Neovascularization:A Reappraisal of the Pitchfork Sign
Authors: Falavarjani Khalil Ghasemi , Au Adrian , Anvari Pasha , Molaei Saber , Ghasemizadeh Shahriar , Verma Aditya , Tsui Irena , Sadda Srinivas , Sarraf David 
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
To describe a new en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging feature of type 2 choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and illustrate the OCT angiographic (OCTA) findings in these eyes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Multimodal images of patients with type 2 CNV who displayed the typical “pitchfork” sign with cross-sectional OCT were reviewed. Corresponding en face structural OCT and OCTA images were analyzed to correlate the finding before and after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy.

RESULTS:
Five eyes of five patients, including two females and three males with a median age of 13 years (range: 8 years to 84 years), were studied. The etiology for type 2 CNV was laser-induced maculopathy in two eyes, idiopathic in two eyes, and age-related macular degeneration in one eye. None of the eyes had evidence of inflammatory ocular disease. En face OCT displayed a characteristic wreath-like pattern of hyperreflective spikes surrounding the type 2 neovascular membrane that originated from the ellipsoid zone and extended into the outer nuclear layer. Wreath-like spikes resolved with intravitreal anti-VEGF injection with good visual outcomes and transformation of the neovascular lesion from a type 2 to type 1 morphology.

CONCLUSIONS:
Type 2 CNV associated with the pitchfork sign with cross-sectional OCT displayed a characteristic wreath-like pattern of hyperreflective spikes with en face OCT that resolved with anti-VEGF therapy. This form of type 2 neovascularization may occur in eyes with different underlying etiologies and without signs of intraocular inflammation and is not limited to pediatric patients.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2019;50:719–725.]
Oral Mineralocorticoid-Receptor Antagonists: Choroidal Parameters Changes Using OCT in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Faghihi Houshang , Mohammadzadeh Vahid , Nabavi Amin , Faghihi Shahin , Kadivar Sakineh , Ghassemi Fariba 
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral eplerenone in the treatment of acute and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Treatment-naïve patients with acute (< 3 months) and chronic (≥ 3 months) CSCR were enrolled in this prospective, nonrandomized, interventional, comparative case series. Patients with acute CSCR were either treated with oral eplerenone (acute case group; n = 16) or observed only (acute control group; n = 8). All chronic patients (chronic group; n = 25) were treated with oral eplerenone. Eplerenone was prescribed 25 mg twice per day for 3 months. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography measures, including subretinal fluid (SRF) height, subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT), central CT, central choroidal volume (CV), and total CV, were assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up (FU) visit.

RESULTS:

BCVA improvement and SRF reduction at 3-month FU relative to baseline were observed in all three study groups. SRF was completely resolved in 13 patients (81.2%) in the acute case group, four patients (50%) in the acute control group, and eight patients (32%) in the chronic group. The acute case group showed greater SRF decrease relative to baseline compared to the chronic group (
P
= .009), but the resolution of SRF between acute cases and an acute control group was not statistically significant (
P
= .076). Subfoveal CT, central CT, total CV, and central CV were significantly reduced at the 3-month FU compared to baseline in both affected and the fellow eyes in the acute case and chronic groups, whereas no change was observed in either eyes in the acute control group. At 3 months' FU, the mean logMAR visual acuity demonstrated no significant difference among the study groups (
P
= .08). Eplerenone was well-tolerated, and no serious side effect was detected.

CONCLUSIONS:
Oral eplerenone is a safe and effective treatment option for both acute and chronic CSCR. Resolution of SRF was more significant in acute CSR cases comparative to chronic cases.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2019;50:726–733.]
Efficacy of Retinal Lesion Screening in Von Hippel-Lindau Patients With Widefield Color Fundus Imaging Versus Widefield FA
Authors: Golas Liliya , Skondra Dimitra , Ittiara Shaun , Bajic Nicole , Jeng-Miller Karen W. , Mukai Shizuo , Yonekawa Yoshihiro , Blair Michael P. 
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Retinal hemangioblastoma is a retinal tumor in patients with Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL). The authors' objective was to determine whether widefield fluorescein angiography (FA) improves lesion detection.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Retrospective case series of VHL patients who underwent widefield fundus imaging and FA. Masked retina specialists graded fundus images as having: 1) definite retinal hemangioblastoma; 2) possible lesion; 3) no lesion. The number of lesions on FA was compared to widefield color imaging.

RESULTS:

One hundred six eyes of 55 patients were evaluated. A total of 94 lesions were identified on FA in 61.8% patients. Forty-three lesions (45.7%) were not identified on fundus images. Small lesion detection was significantly higher with FA compared to color imaging (
P
= .013).

CONCLUSIONS:
This study reports on improved detection of retinal hemangioblastomas with widefield FA compared to widefield fundus images. The authors recommend VHL monitoring guidelines to include periodic widefield FA to adequately screen for smaller lesions.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2019;50:e260–e265.]
An International Comparison of Baseline Characteristics of Patients Undergoing Initiation of Anti-VEGF Therapy for DME
Authors: Conti Felipe F. , Alezzandrini Arturo , Rasendran Chandruganesh , Nakhwa Chinmay , Neves Diogo , Queiroga Fabiana S. , Chhablani Jay , Rocha Jorge , Martins Ramon P. , Romero Jose , Wu Lihteh , Han Michael , Gurjar Ram Kailash , Haq Siraj , Lee Suhwan , Natarajan Sundaram , Ansari Waseem H. , Yoon Young Hee , Singh Rishi P. ,   for the Global Diabetic Macular Edema Study Group
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of vision loss worldwide. The object of this study is to compare global differences of baseline characteristics of patients undergoing initiation of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy for DME.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This multicenter, cross-sectional study included diabetic patients with foveal-involving retinal edema secondary to DME as documented by fundus exam and optical coherence tomography who were undergoing initiation of intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs. Variables were collected to find possible risk factors and to create an epidemiological profile of DME patients undergoing initiation of anti-VEGF agents.

RESULTS:

Nine hundred two patients were selected. Mean age was 62.4 (±11) years, 49.7% were Caucasians, 57.6% were male, and 96% had type two diabetes with an average disease duration of 181.7 months ± 113 months. Of the patients included, 74.7% suffered from hypertension, 26.6% from cardiovascular disease, 12.1% from cerebrovascular disease, 12.8% from peripheral vascular disease, and 12.8% from renal insufficiency. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 65 (±20) Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters, central subfield thickness was 364 (±162) μm, cube volume 11.1 ± 3.1 mm
3
, cube average thickness 328.8 μm ± 61 μm, and 63.9% had nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Comparison between U.S. versus international patients, and patients with BCVA 70 letters or less versus more than 70 letters were performed, significant differences were acknowledged, and risk factors were recognized.

CONCLUSION:
There were key differences in the epidemiologic profile between patients presenting with DME in the U.S. and internationally.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:e300–e310.]
Les ardoises de couverture découvertes en contexte sédimentaire : apports et limites de l’étude à travers l’exemple du château de Suscinio (Bretagne - Sarzeau)
Authors: Vincent Karine , Godet Émilie , Dubois Adrien 
Published: November 2019

La fouille du château de Suscinio (Bretagne) a livré une importante quantité
d’ardoises provenant de la toiture du grand logis nord, daté du xiiie siècle. Complètement arasé au xvie siècle, ce logis ne conserve aujourd’hui
aucun indice en élévation permettant de caractériser la charpente et
la couverture. Seule la découverte de ce matériau de construction permet
de documenter la question des toitures à Suscinio. Deux contextes de découverte se détachent
particulièrement : des niveaux correspondant à un chantier de
construction, datés de la première moitié du xive siècle, puis un important remblai de
démolition du logis correspondant à l’abattement de la toiture au
début du xvie siècle. Procédant par échantillonnage,
1 710 éléments d’ardoises ont été prélevés, nettoyés, et inventoriés.
L’étude a ensuite été enrichie par un dialogue avec les sources écrites qui font état, à partir du xvie siècle, de travaux réguliers sur les
toitures.
SİVİL TOPLUM KURULUŞLARININ PERFORMANS ÖLÇÜM ARACI OLARAK HİZMET KALİTESİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KUZU Ali , ÇÖL Güner 
Published: November 2019

En yaygın olarak kullanılan tanımlarda
sivil toplum kuruluşları (STK), kar amacı gütmeyen sivil girişimler ve
birlikler olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Başlıca özellikleri bağımsız olmaları
ve sosyal, kültürel, çevre ve diğer toplumsal sorunlarla ilgili hedeflerinin
olmasıdır. Diğer yandan, bir işletmenin ya da genel anlamda herhangi bir
kuruluşun performans ölçümü, belirlenen stratejik amaçlara ulaşılıp
ulaşılmadığının kontrol edilmesi anlamını taşır. STK’ların performansı
ölçülürken kuruluşun verimliliği ve kaynakları etkin kullanımı yanında, sunulan
hizmetlerin etkililiğinin değerlendirilebilmesi amacıyla hizmet kalitesini ve
hizmetleri kullananların memnuniyetini ölçmek ihtiyacı ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu
çalışmada, söz konusu kuruluşların hizmet kalitesini ölçmede kullanılabilecek
bir yöntem olarak “Servqual” ölçeği değerlendirilmekte ve servqual ölçeği
kullanılarak çeşitli STK’lara yönelik yapılan araştırmalar ve bunların
sonuçları sunulmaktadır.
Cutting Edge: Involvement of the Immunoreceptor CD300c2 on Alveolar Macrophages in Bleomycin-Induced Lung Fibrosis
Authors: Nakazawa Yuta , Ohtsuka Shigeo , Nakahashi-Oda Chigusa , Shibuya Akira 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible fibrotic lung disease. Although inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, how inflammatory responses are regulated remains unclear. In this article, we show that mice deficient in the immunoreceptor CD300c2 (also called MAIR-II, LMIR2, and CLM-4) showed longer survival; less collagen deposition in the lung; lower levels of neutrophil chemoattractants, such as TNF-α, CXCL1, and CCL2; and fewer neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar fluid than wild-type mice after intratracheal administration of bleomycin (BLM). We also found that BLM administration induced the release of the danger-associated molecular pattern HMGB-1, which caused CD300c2-deficient alveolar macrophages, via TLR4, to produce lower levels of neutrophil chemoattractants than wild-type alveolar macrophages. Our findings demonstrate that CD300c2 contributes to BLM-induced inflammatory responses mediated by alveolar macrophages.
Implementing the Rights of the Child
Authors: Hoefnagels Cees , Van Spanje Anna , Wijsbroek Saskia 
Published: November 2019

Although almost all countries have ratified the UN Convention of the Rights of the Child (UN CRC), children’s rights are violated every day, including in Europe. Many decisions that will affect the child’s life, for instance regarding family interventions in child abusive families, or being removed from their home, are made by adults unilaterally without taking the child’s opinion into consideration (CRC, Art. 12). Since most children and adults are unaware of children’s rights, these rights are regularly violated by their parents, youth professionals and other children in addition to society as a whole. Therefore, the objective of this project is to change the current practice and monitor the changes. To reach this goal: 1) A series of pilot projects will be conducted in order to raise awareness and to implement children’s rights in daily practice, among youth professionals and children. 2) These projects will be monitored through longitudinal multi-method (qualitative and quantitative) studies. 3) Networking conferences will be organized to a) design the pilot projects in the initial stage, and b) learn about the conditions in the final stages. Literature downloads.unicef.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/UNCRC_summary-1.pdf?_ga=2.53414636.536433711.1558 Financing ideas for the projects In the EU, call next year: https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/topic-details/rec-rchi-prof-ag-2019In local countries (e.g. in the Netherlands: Kansfonds, ZonMw) Available A paper to incorporate child rights in the Dutch reporting code on child maltreatment for all mandated reporting disciplines: Geurts, E., Hokwerda, Y., Bouma, H., Winder, L. &amp; Hoefnagels, C. (2018). Handreiking ‘Participatie van kinderen in de Meldcode huiselijk geweld en kindermishandeling’. In opdracht van het Ministerie van VWS in het kader van het programma ‘Aanscherping en verbetering Meldcode en werkwijze Veilig Thuis’. Den Haag: Ministerie van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport.
Potential of landfill biogas production for power generation in the Valencian Region (Spain)
Authors: Vargas-Salgado Carlos , Aguila-León Jesús , Chiñas-Palacios Cristian , Montuori Lina 
Published: November 2019

Landfills are one of the most common ways to dispose the solid urban waste in many countries due to their relatively simple technical requirements, operational costs and low investment. Moreover, biogas produced in landfills can be used as a renewable energy source for power generation. The Valencian Region is one of the largest solid urban waste producers in Spain, and therefore, it has an unexplored potential of landfill biogas production. This paper aims to estimate the potential of biogas landfill production for power generation in the Valencian Region. Statistical data from solid urban waste in landfills in the provinces of Alicante, Castellón, and Valencia was gathered. Then the potential of landfill biogas production was estimated by means of waste classification for each province. To provide information related to the use of landfill gas as an alternative source of energy, results presented in this work show that the Valencian Region has an important potential to use landfill biogas from solid urban waste as a renewable source for power generation, and also provide information to the regional government, academic researches, policy makers and investors.
Assessing the increase of solar fields in Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Bastida-Molina Paula , Alfonso-Solar David , Vargas-Salgado Carlos , Montuori Lina 
Published: November 2019

Spanish electrical generation has traditionally included high pollutant energy resources, like fuel or carbon. However, disturbing ever-increase in the average temperature of Planet Earth has led to a search for sustainability in the energy scenario. Therefore, Spanish electrical generation mix is prone to replace contaminant energy resources by non-contaminant, such renewables. Concretely, Spain is one of the countries with more solar peak annual hours. Nevertheless, having enough space to increase solar fields has been widely question. In this paper, an unrealistic scenario where all the annual Spanish consumption would be covered by photovoltaics is deeply analysed. Considering real electrical Spanish consumption data from 2017, required total quantity of solar panels has been quantified. Additionally, the study takes the hypothesis that all the panels should be placed on Spanish desert zones for two main reasons. First, total solar peak annual hours there are higher than in other Spanish regions. Last, making there the installation would give use to previous wasted zones. Obtained results indicate that around 691 million of 330Wp solar panels would be required for this issue, taking up 492175 km2. This space means only a 0.77% of all Iberian Peninsula. These outcomes clearly show that there is suitable and enough space to increase solar fields in Iberian Peninsula.
Empowering Youth Employment through European Digital Bootcamps (EDIBO)
Authors: Mauleón Begoña Sáiz , Lemus Zuñiga Lenin Guillermo , Luzuriaga Jorge E. , Mateo Pla Miguel Angel , Benlloch Dualde Jose Vicente , Ampuero Canellas Olga , González-del Río Cogorno Jimena , Tarazona Berenguer Nereida 
Published: November 2019

Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are transforming every area of economic and social life all around the world. New types of jobs different from the traditional ones are created rapidly. The demand for highly skilled staff who uses technology effectively has become a requirement for success of companies and the growing industry. However, the number of IT graduates is not keeping up with the current demand. In addition, companies have little or no training programs to develop ICT skills. Initiatives from the European Economic Area (EEA) and Norway Grants to support transnational projects for Youth Employment including European Digital Bootcamps (EDIBO) contribute to increase the job opportunities for young people outside of the labour market. In this way the Sustainable Development Goal 8 which aims to “promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all” could be fulfilled. Nowadays, EDIBO is developing different training labs in order to achieve a success model of all processes involved with the organization, execution and evaluation. The goal of this document is to allow a rapid replication of the intensive ICT training among the partners of the project as well to the social innovation community in general.