bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SAT-LB101 Loss of GLP-2R Signaling Activates Hepatic Stellate Cells and Exacerbates Diet-Induced Steatohepatitis in Mice
Authors: Fuchs Shai Z , Yusta Bernardo , Baggio Laurie , Varin Elodie , Matthews Dianne , Drucker Daniel J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A GLP-2 analogue is used in individuals with intestinal failure at risk for liver disease, yet the hepatic actions of GLP-2 are not understood. Treatment of high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice with GLP-2 did not modify the development of hepatosteatosis or hepatic inflammation. In contrast, Glp2r-/- mice exhibited increased hepatic lipid accumulation, deterioration in glucose tolerance, and upregulation of biomarkers of hepatic inflammation. Both mouse and human liver expressed the canonical GLP-2R, and hepatic Glp2r expression was upregulated in mice with hepatosteatosis. Cell fractionation localized the Glp2r to hepatic stellate cells (HSC), and markers of HSC activation and fibrosis were increased in livers from Glp2r-/- mice. Moreover, GLP-2 directly modulated gene expression in isolated HSCs ex vivo. Taken together, these findings define an essential role for the GLP-2R in hepatic adaptation to nutrient excess and unveil a gut hormone-HSC axis, linking GLP-2R signaling to control of hepatic stellate cell activation.
MON-LB042 A Rare Case of Adrenocortical Carcinoma Arising From Ectopic Adrenal Tissue in the Mesentery
Authors: George Gemy M , Thumma Soumya P , Menon Lakshmi P 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: ACTH independent Cushing’s syndrome usually arises from benign or malignant tumors of the adrenal gland. Ectopic adrenal tissue can undergo malignant transformation resulting in the development of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) with normal adrenal glands. We present a unique case of ACTH independent Cushing’s syndrome from a cortisol and androgen producing ACC arising from the mesentery.
Clinical Case: A 72-year-old woman presented with a 6-month history of progressive weakness, lower extremity edema, worsening hypertension and uncontrolled DM. She had moon facies, hirsutism, multiple bruises, and proximal muscle weakness. Labs revealed hypokalemia (2.6 mmol/L, N 3.5 -5.1 nmol/L), elevated random cortisol (51.3 mcg/dL, Nl- 5-23), suppressed ACTH (&lt;1 pg/mL, Nl-7.2-63.3) abnormal 8 mg dexamethasone suppression test (58.1 mcg/dL, N &lt;1.8 mcg/dL), elevated DHEAS (538mcg/dL, N 10-90 mcg/dL), elevated testosterone (590.2 ng/dL, N &lt;75 ng/dL) and elevated 11-deoxycortisol (4650 ng/dL N-&lt;32 ng/dL). 24 hour urinary free cortisol was 2810mcg/mL (&lt;45mcg/dL). MRI of pituitary was normal. CT scan of abdomen/pelvis showed normal bilateral adrenal glands and innumerable enhancing masses throughout the abdomen with the largest mass near the distal ileum and cecum. Biopsy of right lower abdominal mass revealed adrenocortical morphology with immunohistochemical staining positive for inhibin, synaptophysin and calretinin. Ki-67 index was 10-15%, suggestive of low-grade adrenocortical carcinoma. A CT scan done one and half years prior noted a 4.4 cm soft tissue mass in the right lower mesentery supporting origin of the tumor from the mesentery. Hypercortisolism was controlled with Metyrapone 250 mg BID. Mitotane 1000 mg bid was initiated but patient developed peritoneal carcinomatosis within 1 month. Conclusions: Our case is remarkable for the development of a metastatic ACC from an ectopic adrenal tissue with normal bilateral adrenal glands. Ectopic ACC is very rare with only a handful of cases reported in the literature. This is the first reported case of ACC arising from the mesentery. Ectopic adrenal tissue can be found close to the adrenal glands, along the path from gonads to adrenal glands or in association with the gonads. In the setting of ACTH independent Cushing’s syndrome with normal adrenal glands, physicians should direct their search to a functioning ectopic adrenocortical tissue. Concomitant DHEAS secretion suggests ectopic ACC. If surgery is not an option due to metastatic disease, a multidisciplinary approach should be adopted to control tumor growth and associated symptoms. In such cases, control of the hypercortisolemia can be achieved with adrenolytic medications such as Metyrapone, Ketoconazole or Mitotane. Adjuvant chemotherapy (Mitotane and combination of cytotoxic drugs) might be considered for metastatic ACC treatment.
SAT-LB51 The Unique Etiology and Management of a Third Cranial Nerve Palsy
Authors: Magar Maria 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Cranial nerve palsies (CNP) in association with a hypophyseal process can be uni/bilateral, single, multiple, with or without visual deficits and pain. It is reported 14-30% of pituitary tumors lead to a palsy. Often the acute cause of palsy is apoplexy (1) but other rare etiologies exist such as abscess or prolactinoma (2, 3).
Clinical Case: A 40 year old woman with no PMH presented to the ED for acute on chronic headaches. Two days prior she started having blurry vision in her R eye. The headache improved with medications and she was sent home. Two days later she returned with new symptoms of the R eye deviating laterally and down, associated ptosis and a 6 mm nonreactive pupil. A stat MRI brain was obtained for her new CN III palsy, showing a 1.4 cm sellar mass with suprasellar extension. Further history revealed that two months prior her regular menses had stopped. Labs were obtained that included a prolactin 127 (nl 4.8-23.3); fT4 1.2 (nl .93-1.7); IGF1 129 (nl 52-328); 9 am cortisol 16.6 (nl 4-22); FSH 5.5 (nl 3.5-12.5); LH 3.8 (nl 2.4-12.6). Neurosurgery (NSGY) was consulted, recommending a trial of medical therapy since her visual fields were intact. Endocrine then advised cabergoline 0.5 mg twice weekly. In NSGY clinic ten days later, her prolactin was 0.2 but her symptoms remained the same. One month later, she was seen in Neuro-ophthalmology clinic where it was noted that her diplopia had subjectively resolved. Her eye exam was documented as normal except for sluggish pupils.
Conclusion: CNP are more common in larger pituitary tumors and often associated with panhypopituitarism and necrosis. About 90% of cases resolve by one year after pituitary surgery. Although our patient had a tumor that was slightly larger than 1 cm, she did not need hormonal replacement, did not have hemorrhage/necrosis, and her symptoms resolved with a dopamine agonist. There is one other case in the literature of medically treated macroprolactinoma with resolution of CN III palsy (3).
References: (1) Hage R, et al. Third, Fourth, and Sixth Cranial Nerve Palsies in Pituitary Apoplexy. World Neurosurgery. 2016; 94:447-452.(2) Wang L, et al. Pituitary abscess resulting in isolated abducens palsy. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association. 2016;115:134-135.(3) Harries A, et al. Resolution of third nerve palsy following treatment of prolactinoma with cabergoline. Acta Neurochir. 2010; 152:1741-1743.
SUN-097 Gonadotropins Levels Measurement in First Morning Voided Urine as a Diagnostic Tool for Central Precocious Puberty
Authors: Sakdinun Wasawee , Komkhum Oranut , Phatarakijnirund Voraluck , Chaiyakul Phairuch , Numbenjapon Nawaporn 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: GnRH stimulation test is the gold standard for the diagnosis of central precocious puberty (CPP). However, it is invasive and costly. Previous studies showed that increased urinary gonadotropins (Gn) level in first morning voided (FMV) urine reflected the integration of elevated nocturnal Gn secretions. Therefore, it could be used to diagnose CPP. Nevertheless, its cutoff value for diagnosis of CPP is limited. Objective: To determine the association of Gn levels in FMV urine and serum during pubertal development and establish cutoff value of FMV urinary Gn as an alternative noninvasive method for diagnosis of CPP in girls. Methods: Sixty-one girls who had breast development before 8 years of age with sign of rapid pubertal progression (advanced bone age and/or increased height velocity) underwent subcutaneous GnRH agonist test. FMV urinary Gn were also collected on the same day. Both serum and urinary Gn levels were measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) technique. The definite diagnosis of CPP is based on stimulated serum LH &gt; 5 IU/L. FMV urinary Gn were compared between CPP and premature thelarche (PT) groups. The correlation between serum and urinary Gn were assessed and the cutoff value of urinary Gn to diagnose CPP was established. FMV urinary Gn of 480 Thai school girls (control) were also collected to determine the reference values according to their breast Tanner (BT) stages. Results: FMV ULH level in girls with CPP was significantly higher than that of PT (2.46 VS 0.8 IU/L; median, P &lt;0.001). However, the level of ULH in PT group was not different from control group with BT1. FMV ULH and ULH: UFSH were well correlated with basal serum LH (r=0.63 and 0.73, respectively, Ps&lt;0.001) and peak serum LH (r=0.44 and 0.54, respectively, Ps&lt;0.001). Base on receiver operating characteristics analysis, basal serum LH was the best parameter to differentiate CPP from PT (area under the curve 0.797–0.926). ULH levels at ≥ 1.13 IU/L and ≥ 1.52 provide optimal sensitivity (72.3 and 68.1 %, respectively) and specificity (85.7 and 100 %, respectively). Combined ULH level ≥ 1.13 IU/L with ULH: UFSH ≥ 0.17 increased specificity from 85.7 to 92.9 % for predicting a positive GnRH agonist test. (peak LH ≥ 5 IU/L) Conclusions: First morning voided urinary Gn levels measurement is a highly potential method for the diagnosis of CPP in girls due to its good correlation with GnRH agonist test. Further study in a larger number of patients with close monitoring of clinical outcome is required before recommending as a standard investigation in CPP.
SAT-LB42 Bilateral Large Calcified Adrenal Leiomyoma Mimicking Adrenal Malignancy: A Rare Case Report With Literature Review
Authors: Jajah Mohammad Bilal M , Hassan Asim , Haiba Moutaz , Elkhouly Tohamy , Haj Elamin Mohammed M , Almalki Abdulkareem 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Adrenal leiomyoma is a very rare benign soft tissue tumor, it is even more unusual if presenting bilaterally; 21 cases have been reported in the literature and only six had bilateral involvement; 5 in the pediatric population and only one in an adult patient. Radiological appearance may frequently be confused with malignancy especially if large, calcified and with central necrosis. We report a rare case of bilateral, large, calcified, non-functioning adrenal leiomyoma in a 20-year-old female, who was suspected for a malignancy preoperatively.
Clinical Case: A 20 year-old-female presented with chronic abdominal discomfort, fatigue, and inability to gain weight. On examination, she was normotensive, underweight with BMI of 15.6 kg/m2, and there were no stigmata of Cushing’s syndrome, Addison’s disease or pheochromocytoma. A contrast CT scan of the abdomen revealed the presence of bilateral well-defined suprarenal lesions measuring 8.5 x 8.5 x 7.2 cm and 4.7 x 4.2 x 3.5 cm on the right and left side, respectively. The lesions showed large central areas of necrosis with multiple punctate calcifications and heterogenous peripheral enhancement. The radiological differential diagnosis included adrenal cortical carcinoma, adrenal metastasis, infectious etiology, and bilateral pheochromocytoma. Her hormonal assays showed normal free cortisol and catecholamine metabolites in the urine and normal serum androgens. Thus, the tumors were concluded to be non-functioning. Adrenal insufficiency was ruled out after a short Synacthen test. The patient underwent a successful right adrenalectomy. Resected specimen measured 10 x 9.5 x 7.5 cm. Histology revealed a well-circumscribed and pseudo-encapsulated smooth muscle tumor comprised of bland, spindle-shaped cells. The panel of immunohistochemical stains supported the diagnosis of leiomyoma. Postoperatively, the symptoms improved, she gained 4 kg weight over the following 4 months, and short Synacthen test confirmed an intact adrenal function. To avoid lifelong adrenal insufficiency and after discussion with the patient, we agreed to leave the left adrenal mass and follow it by serial imaging. There was only a minimal increase in the size over the following 4 years (5.5 x 4.5 x 3.8 cm).
Conclusion: Adrenal leiomyoma is an extremely rare adrenal tumor and can be confused with adrenal malignancy. Therefore, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of adrenal incidentalomas. In the case of bilateral etiology, permanent adrenal insufficiency and longterm replacement therapy can be avoided in certain population by removing the larger tumor and continuous follow-up for the other side.
MON-457 Reactive Thyroid C-Cell Hyperplasia or Medullary Thyroid Cancer in a Patient with Nodular Thyroidopathy. May the Calcitonin Measurement in Fine-Needle Aspirate Washout Fluid of the Healthy Lobe Help to Define These Conditions?
Authors: Chevais Anastassia , Beltsevich Dmitry , Vanushko Vladimir , Mikheenkov Alexander , Ladygina Daria , Pokrovskaya Elena , Roslyakova Anna 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Serum basal calcitonin (bCT) is used as a biomarker of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) but bCT can also be elevated in patients with hypercalcemias, hypergastrinemias, thyroiditis, neuroendocrine tumors, renal end-stage kidney disease, obesity and cigarette smoking. The application of bCT and calcitonin measured in the FNA washout fluid sample (FNA-CT) for screening certain patients with nodular thyroidopathy can be controversial. Case: A 44 yo patient presented with elevated bCT level - 24pg/ml (N for male &lt;18). He had a morbid obesity (BMI-45kg/m2) and thereby received GLP-1 receptor agonists Liraglutide 18 mg in total throughout one month. The ultrasound thyroid examination showed 2 nodules in the right lobe: 11mm and 9 mm (EU-TIRADS 2 and 4). Thyroid nodules were evaluated by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) which revealed benign colloid nodules (Bethesda II). Following the most updated ATA guidelines, to accurately diagnose MTC we performed FNA-CT measurement. The concentration from both nodules exceeded the upper reporting range of 2000 pg/ml. The patient stopped his therapy with Liraglutide and after one month of following, his bCT dropped at 18 pg/ml. He underwent a second workup with same results. We examined FNA-CT of contralateral healthy lobe and obtained 913 pg/ml. After this case, 17 patients with high-normal rate of bCT: 14 of them had a nodule (Bethesda II) and elevated FNA-CT of healthy tissue of the contralateral lobe (&gt;2000 pg/ml) were determined in follow-up group. The remaining 3 patients with nodules (Bethesda IV-VI) and FNA-CT of healthy lobe which did not exceed bCT rate, were operated. MTC was confirmed. Discussion: Our patient had not only many factors which can occur his bCT level (obesity, smoking), but also unfavourable FNA washout results. Additionally, since in clinical studies GLP-1 receptor activation has been associated with C-cell hyperplasia (CCH), we cannot completely exclude the possible effect of this treatment on patient’s bCT level. We confronted a situation when, on the one hand, FNA-CT data indicate the MTC nature of hypercalcitoninemia, but on the other hand, decreasing bCT-level in dynamic observation is not common for MTC. FNAB of the healthy lobe and obtaining high rates of CT in the washout fluid sample allowed us to confirm the diffuse CCH process, thus to follow up these patients. CT stimulation test cannot distinguish between minimal MTC and CCH and has no reference range. The weak point of the proposed study is the lack of morphological data in the follow-up group of patients. Conclusion: It is possible to use rate of FNA-CT of the healthy lobe to differentiate between various C-cell diseases, but requires new data.
MON-LB81 Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation RFA of Benign Symptomatic Thyroid Nodules - Initial Colombian Experience
Authors: Hernandez-Triana Eric , Forero-Cuellar Oscar Mauricio , Herrrera-Rendon Dimas F , Hernandez-Santamaria Valentina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Radiofrequency ablation (RF) is a minimally invasive technique probed as effective and safe treatment alternative for the manage, We describe the results of efficacy and safety up to 12 months following the first thyroid nodules with ablative radiofrequency in Colombia.Objective: Evaluate the efficacy and safety of RF thyroid radiofrequency ablation for benign thyroid nodules in a protocol in our center in Bogotá Colombia, case series. Methodology: Prospective, observational and descriptive Trial Patients and procedure: From May/2017 to Nov/2019 we Treated 38 patients with 59 mainly solid nodules were treated with a Radiofrequency Ablation system with cooling 2 standard techniques (Trans-isthmic approach and moving Shut technique). Starmed system with cool type antenna of 16 G. and 10 mm active tip (3 cases) and Cosman RF cooled with 15 cm long active tips 5 to 15 mm 18 G electro Teflon. (35 cases). Here the first 59 nodules who completed a clinical and ultrasound follow-up to 12 months. Outcomes: initial volume was 15.4 +/-28 cc (0.03 a 203 cc) After radiofrequency ablation, the volume decreased significantly, in VRR%**. 40%, 55%, 62% y 68% at 1,3,6 & 12 months. final volume was 4.46 cc P= 0.000*. Compressive Symptoms drop from 5.84 to 1.19, 0.17, 1.76 at 1,3 & 6 moths p &lt;0.001, Cosmetic Symptoms from 2.02/4 to 0.73, 0.58, 0.41 at 1,3 & 6 moths p &lt;0.01. and Quality of Life symptoms from 0 to 10 drop from 5.6 to 2.4, 1.27 & 1.53 at 1,3 & 6 moths p&lt;0.001. Not even one serious adverse event happened. Non-serious adverse events that did happened include minimal skin ecchymosis and transitory pain during less than 3 days, average 4/10 VAS (Visual Analog Scale). None developed hypothyroidism or required hospitalization. one patient presents transitory Horner syndrome and other nodule rupture. Two patients present a transitory dysphonia. Conclusions Radiofrequency ablation performed in our institution is effective and safe for the treatment of thyroid nodules. With patient satisfaction, improve the compressive, cosmetic symptoms and quality of life and without severe complications. It is necessary to continue to enrich this experience, because reducing volume and solving compressive and cosmetic problems, is ambulatory procedure.
SAT-334 A Genetic Cause of Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Weaver Travis , Hoang Thanh 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism is a relatively common endocrine condition, affecting up to 7 out of every 1000 adults. Median age of onset is during the sixth decade of life. When present in younger patients primary hyperparathyroidism may indicate an underlying genetic cause. Case: A 23-year-old woman is referred for evaluation of hypercalcemia that was found on labs drawn after surgery for bilateral ovarian cyst removal. At the time of presentation she felt well and was without complaint. Her medical history is otherwise unremarkable. Her family history includes multiple family members with nephrolithiasis. Physical exam revealed a well appearing Caucasian woman without a palpable neck mass. Laboratory results showed: serum calcium 11.7 mg/dL (ref 8.4–10.2), ionized calcium 1.44 mmol/L (ref 1.12–1.32) and serum PTH 192 pg/mL (ref 11–65). Technetium-99 sestamibi scan revealed a low attenuating mass with focal and persistent uptake just inferior to the left thyroid lobe. She subsequently underwent left inferior parathyroidectomy, which confirmed parathyroid adenoma, with resultant normalization of serum calcium and PTH. Due to her young age of diagnosis genetic testing was performed which revealed a mutation if CDC 73. Discussion: CDC 73 mutation is known cause of inheritable neoplasia’s with a high prevalence of parathyroid dysfunction. Although penetrance and expression is variable, the mutation is associated primarily with Hyperparathyroidism Jaw Tumor Syndrome (HPT-JT), Familial Isolated Hyperparathyroidism and sporadic parathyroid carcinoma. Our patient had an allele mutation associated with HPT-JT. This syndrome classically presents with parathyroid adenoma, ossifying tumors of the mandible and renal or uterine neoplasms. The mutation is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and family history plays a key role in diagnosis of this rare condition. This patient had an early age of onset for hyperparathyroidism and a family history suggestive of an inherited calcium metabolism disorder. A single parathyroid adenoma is the most common presentation and surgical resection is often curative of hyperparathyroidism. In Hyperparathyroidism Jaw Tumor Syndrome patients classically develop ossifying tumors of the mandible and renal or uterine neoplasms in addition to parathyroid lesions. Rarely patients with CDC 73 mutation can develop parathyroid carcinoma. For this reason it is recommended that all first degree relatives undergo testing for CDC 73 mutation. This patient currently has no evidence of jaw, uterine or renal tumors on screening imaging. Ovarian tumors have been described separately to be associated with CDC 73 mutation, this patient may actually have an unrecognized phenotype of CDC 73 mutation. Given the potential impact of inheritable neoplasia, all young patients with unexplained hyperparathyroidism should be considered for genetic screening.