bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generalized fractional integral inequalities for exponentially $(s,m)$-convex functions
Authors: Qiang Xiaoli , Farid Ghulam , Pečarić Josip , Akbar Saira Bano 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper we have derived the fractional integral inequalities by defining exponentially $(s,m)$(s,m)-convex functions. These inequalities provide upper bounds, boundedness, continuity, and Hadamard type inequality for fractional integrals containing an extended Mittag-Leffler function. The results about fractional integral operators for s-convex, m-convex, $(s,m)$(s,m)-convex, exponentially convex, exponentially s-convex, and convex functions are direct consequences of presented results.
The prevalence and molecular mechanisms of mupirocin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from a Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Abdulgader Shima M. , Lentswe Tshepiso , Whitelaw Andrew , Newton-Foot Mae 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance is an increasingly serious problem in public health globally. Monitoring resistance levels within healthcare and community settings is critical to combat its ongoing increase. This study aimed to describe the rates and molecular mechanisms of mupirocin resistance in clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Tygerberg Hospital, and to describe its association with strain types.

Methods
We retrospectively selected 212 S. aureus isolates which were identified from blood samples and pus swabs during the years 2009–2011 and 2015–2017. The isolates were identified using conventional microbiological methods and genotyping was done using spa typing. Cefoxitin (30 μg) disc diffusion and the two disc strategy (5 μg and 200 μg) were used to determine susceptibility to methicillin and mupirocin, respectively. Isolates with high-level resistance were screened for the plasmid mediated genes mupA and mupB by PCR, and sequencing of the ileS gene was done for all isolates exhibiting low-level resistance to describe the mutations associated with this phenotype. Chi-square test was used to assess the associations between mupirocin resistance and S. aureus genotypes.

Results
Of 212 S. aureus isolates, 12% (n = 25) were resistant to mupirocin, and 44% (n = 93) were methicillin resistant. Strain typing identified 73 spa types with spa t045 being the most predominant constituting 11% of the isolates. High-level mupirocin resistance was observed in 2% (n = 5), and low-level resistance in 9% (n = 20) of the isolates. The prevalence of high-level mupirocin resistance amongst MRSA and MSSA was 4 and 1% respectively, while the prevalence of low-level mupirocin resistance was significantly higher in MRSA (18%) compared to MSSA (3%), (p = 0.032). mupA was the only resistance determinant for high-level resistance, and the IleS mutation V588F was identified in 95% of the isolates which showed low-level resistance. A significant association was observed between spa type t032 and high-level mupirocin resistance, and types t037 and t012 and low-level resistance (p <  0.0001).

Conclusion
The study reported higher rates of low-level mupirocin resistance compared to high-level resistance, and in our setting, mupirocin resistance was driven by certain genotypes. Our study advocates for the continuous screening for mupirocin resistance in S. aureus in clinical settings to better guide treatment and prescribing practices.
Seagrass canopies and the performance of acoustic telemetry: implications for the interpretation of fish movements
Authors: Swadling Daniel S. , Knott Nathan A. , Rees Matthew J. , Pederson Hugh , Adams Kye R. , Taylor Matthew D. , Davis Andrew R. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Acoustic telemetry has been used with great success to quantify the movements of marine fishes in open habitats, however research has begun to focus on patterns of movement and habitat usage within more structurally complex habitats. To date, there has been no detailed assessment of the performance of acoustic telemetry within seagrass, which forms a crucial nursery and foraging habitat for many fish species globally. Information on the detection range of acoustic receivers within seagrass is essential to guide receiver array design, particularly positioning systems. Here, we compare detection ranges for transmitters (Vemco V7) within and above the seagrass to determine impacts on the performance of a Vemco Positioning System (VPS). We also investigate the influence of environmental conditions (i.e. wind, time of day, background noise, atmospheric pressure and depth) on detection probability.

Results
The performance of the VPS declined dramatically when the transmitters were positioned within the seagrass (positional accuracy = 2.69 m, precision = 0.9 m, system efficiency (i.e. the proportion of successful positions) = 5.9%) compared to above the canopy (positional accuracy = 2.21 m, precision = 0.45 m, system efficiency = 30.9%). The reduction in VPS efficiency when transmitters were within seagrass was caused by a decline in the detection range of receivers (range of 50% detections) from 85 to 40 m, as this limited the ability of the three receivers to simultaneously detect transmissions. Additionally, no detections were recorded for the transmitters within seagrass at a distance greater than 150 m from the receiver. Increasing wind speed from 0 to 50 km h−1 correlated with a 15% reduction in detections while detection probability decreased from 0.8 during the day to 0.55 at night, due to higher in-band noise (69 kHz).

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate that tagged fish ensconced within seagrass are unlikely to be detected by receivers or positioned by a VPS. Further, we demonstrate that wind conditions and the time of day create temporal variation in detection probability. These findings highlight the need for telemetry studies to perform in situ range testing and consider how fish use vegetated habitats such as seagrasses when positioning receivers and interpreting data.
MicroRNA-107 is a novel tumor suppressor targeting POU3F2 in melanoma
Authors: Zhao Guizhi , Wei Zhili , Guo Yang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Melanoma is one of the major types of skin cancer. The metastatic melanoma is among the most lethal forms of malignant skin tumors. We hereby aimed to characterize a novel microRNA (miR) in the metastatic melanoma model.

Methods
First, we evaluated the expression of miR-107 in melanoma cells and tumor tissues. The comparison between primary and metastatic cancer tissues was also accessed. Next, we examined the impact of miR-107 on melanoma cell proliferation, cell cycle, colony formation, apoptotic activity, migration and matrix invasion. A downstream target of miR-107 was also predicted and validated functionally in melanoma cells.

Results
Our findings showed miR-107 was significantly downregulated in melanoma. Its expression was lowest in metastatic form. Over-expression of miR-107 reduced melanoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. POU3F2 was identified as the downstream target of miR-107. Over-expression of POU3F2 antagonized miR-107-mediated inhibitory effect on melanoma cells.

Conclusion
Our study has reported miR-107 as a novel tumor suppressive factor in the metastatic melanoma model. It has provided new avenue to manage melanoma and improve the survival rate in the advanced stage.
Contraception need and available services among incarcerated women in the United States: a systematic review
Authors: Peart Mishka S. , Knittel Andrea K. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Context
Seventy-five percent of incarcerated women are of reproductive age, most of whom are at-risk for unintended pregnancy. Women who are incarcerated come disproportionately from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds and often lack access to desired reproductive health care. While the carceral system provides a unique opportunity to fill this gap, a better understanding of the contraceptive needs, desires, and plans of incarcerated women is needed to optimize health care provision within the carceral system. A review of current contraceptive services available to women inmates may both identify model care programs and shed light on areas for improvement.

Evidence acquisition
PubMed electronic database used to identify relevant articles published between January 1975 and September 2019 using a systematic review method.

Results
Twenty-five articles met the inclusion criteria and answered four key questions surrounding contraception in the carceral system. Most articles (48%) represented scientific research. Other publications identified by this review were expert commentaries, policy briefings, guidance and recommendations reports, and law and bioethics reviews.

Conclusions
Incarcerated women desire access to standard and emergency contraception from carceral health care systems. Knowledgeable family planning practitioners providing patient-centered and trauma-informed care and public health interventions linking newly released inmates to community clinics can help alleviate inmates’ concerns regarding initiating desired contraception while incarcerated.
Childhood wayfinding experience explains sex and individual differences in adult wayfinding strategy and anxiety
Authors: Vieites Vanessa , Pruden Shannon M. , Reeb-Sutherland Bethany C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundAnyone who has ever found themselves lost while driving in an unfamiliar neighborhood or forgotten where they parked their car can appreciate the importance of being able to navigate their environment. Navigation, or wayfinding, is a large-scale spatial ability that involves keeping track of the relative positions of objects and features in space, which allows for determining the path to a goal location. Early experiences shape spatial skill development, and research finds sex differences in spatial behaviors from preschool through adulthood, with males consistently outperforming females. The basis for sex differences in spatial aptitude is still debated, but explanations include differences in childhood spatial experience, the use of strategies for solving large-scale spatial problems, and spatial anxiety. The current study seeks to understand childhood wayfinding factors that may influence sex and individual differences in wayfinding strategies and wayfinding anxiety in adulthood.MethodOne hundred fifty-nine undergraduate psychology students reported their childhood wayfinding experience (i.e., time spent outside, distance traveled), current use of wayfinding strategies (i.e., route strategy, orientation strategy), and current wayfinding anxiety and general anxiety levels.ResultsIndependent samplesttests revealed that, compared with females, males reported spending more time outside and traveling farther distances as children, having less current wayfinding anxiety and route strategy use, and having more current orientation strategy use. Mediation analyses found that distance traveled, but not time spent outdoors, during childhood mediated sex differences in route strategy use and wayfinding anxiety in adults, even when controlling for general anxiety. Furthermore, when controlling for participant sex and general anxiety, current wayfinding anxiety mediated the relationship between distance traveled during childhood and route strategy use in adults.ConclusionThe current findings provide potential environmental explanations for sex and individual differences in large-scale spatial behaviors, including wayfinding. Specifically, sex differences in early wayfinding experience may explain why males and females develop different strategies for navigating and different levels of wayfinding anxiety. Furthermore, regardless of sex, allowing children to explore and navigate their outdoor environments away from home may help lessen their fears about navigating and, in turn, improve the strategies they choose to traverse unfamiliar territories.
Asymmetric effect of exchange rate changes on cross-border trade in Nigeria
Authors: Apanisile Olumuyiwa Tolulope , Oloba Olusola Mathew 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the asymmetric effect of exchange rate changes on cross-border trade in Nigeria. The investigation becomes necessary because several studies have reported insignificant results in attempting to establish a link between these two variables using symmetric specification. Whereas, there are strong evidence of nonlinear mean-reverting association because some exchange rate changes of the same magnitude exhibit different effects on other variables of interest. Having separated the real effective exchange rate into both depreciation and appreciation regimes using the partial sum processes based on logistic smooth-transition and exponential smooth-transition, results from the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lags show that exchange rate appreciation had a statistically significant negative relationship with cross-border trade in Nigeria. The study concludes that the relationship between real effective exchange rate and cross-border trade is asymmetric. (Depreciation and appreciation of equal magnitude do not have the same effect on cross-border trade in Nigeria.) The study recommends that policy makers should consider models that allow a nonlinear adjustment of exchange rates which may produce outcomes supporting an effective devaluation or appreciation policy, at least against some trading partners.
Anti-Müllerian Hormone and Ovarian Morphology in Women With Hypothalamic Hypogonadism
Authors: Alemyar Amoon , van der Kooi Anne-Lotte L F , Laven Joop S E 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Context
Different phenotypical features of women with hypothalamic hypogonadism (HH), also known as World Health Organization-1 anovulation, including ovarian morphology, have been scarcely described in large cohorts. Some studies have reported increased levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in women with HH.

Objective
To assess whether women with HH, compared with healthy controls, have increased serum levels of AMH and what proportion of these women erroneously meet the Rotterdam Criteria for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS).

Design, Setting and Participants
Retrospective cohort study in a Dutch academic medical center including 83 women with neither anovulation nor menstrual cycle disorders (healthy controls), 159 women with HH and 3640 women with PCOS. Age matching was used between the HH and PCOS group (1:2 ratio) to create a second group consisting of 318 age-matched women with PCOS.

Intervention
None.

Main outcome measures
AMH levels and ovarian morphology.

Results
Median AMH serum levels for the HH group were 3.8 (&lt;0.1–19.8), compared with 7.5 (&lt;0.1–81.0) in the PCOS group and 1.9 (&lt;0.1–21.5) in the control group (P &lt; 0.001). In the HH group, 58 (36%) erroneously met the Rotterdam Criteria for PCOS (meeting 2 of 3 criteria).

Conclusions
AMH levels are increased in women with HH. We hypothesize that this increase, although there was no increase in follicle count, may be explained by the presence of a relatively large pool of antral follicles smaller than 2 mm in diameter, that are undetectable by transvaginal ultrasound. This study highlights the importance of measuring gonadotropins and estradiol before diagnosing a patient with PCOS.
Prevention of Adrenal Crisis: Cortisol Responses to Major Stress Compared to Stress Dose Hydrocortisone Delivery
Authors: Prete Alessandro , Taylor Angela E , Bancos Irina , Smith David J , Foster Mark A , Kohler Sibylle , Fazal-Sanderson Violet , Komninos John , O’Neil Donna M , Vassiliadi Dimitra A , Mowatt Christopher J , Mihai Radu , Fallowfield Joanne L , Annane Djillali , Lord Janet M , Keevil Brian G , Wass John A H , Karavitaki Niki , Arlt Wiebke 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Context
Patients with adrenal insufficiency require increased hydrocortisone cover during major stress to avoid a life-threatening adrenal crisis. However, current treatment recommendations are not evidence-based.

Objective
To identify the most appropriate mode of hydrocortisone delivery in patients with adrenal insufficiency who are exposed to major stress.

Design and Participants
Cross-sectional study: 122 unstressed healthy subjects and 288 subjects exposed to different stressors (major trauma [N = 83], sepsis [N = 100], and combat stress [N = 105]). Longitudinal study: 22 patients with preserved adrenal function undergoing elective surgery. Pharmacokinetic study: 10 patients with primary adrenal insufficiency undergoing administration of 200 mg hydrocortisone over 24 hours in 4 different delivery modes (continuous intravenous infusion; 6-hourly oral, intramuscular or intravenous bolus administration).

Main Outcome Measure
We measured total serum cortisol and cortisone, free serum cortisol, and urinary glucocorticoid metabolite excretion by mass spectrometry. Linear pharmacokinetic modeling was used to determine the most appropriate mode and dose of hydrocortisone administration in patients with adrenal insufficiency exposed to major stress.

Results
Serum cortisol was increased in all stress conditions, with the highest values observed in surgery and sepsis. Continuous intravenous hydrocortisone was the only administration mode persistently achieving median cortisol concentrations in the range observed during major stress. Linear pharmacokinetic modeling identified continuous intravenous infusion of 200 mg hydrocortisone over 24 hours, preceded by an initial bolus of 50–100 mg hydrocortisone, as best suited for maintaining cortisol concentrations in the required range.

Conclusions
Continuous intravenous hydrocortisone infusion should be favored over intermittent bolus administration in the prevention and treatment of adrenal crisis during major stress.
Depot-Specific Analysis of Human Adipose Cells and Their Responses to Bisphenol S
Authors: Peshdary Vian , Styles George , Gagné Rémi , Yauk Carole L , Sorisky Alexander , Atlas Ella 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is associated with adverse health outcomes including obesity and diabetes. Obesity, and more specifically visceral obesity, is correlated with metabolic disease. The adipose tissue is an endocrine organ and a potential target for many environmental pollutants including bisphenols. The subcutaneous (Sc) and the omental (Om, visceral) depots are composed of mature adipocytes and residing progenitors, which may be different between the depots and may be EDCs targets. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a suspected metabolic disruptor, and is being replaced with structurally similar compounds such as bisphenol S (BPS). Like BPA, BPS induces adipogenesis in murine and primary human Sc preadipocytes. However, the effect of BPS on Om preadipocytes is not known. In this study, we show that human primary progenitors from Om depots have a distinct transcriptomic signature as compared to progenitors derived from donor-matched Sc depots. Furthermore, we show that BPS increases adipogenesis both of Om and Sc preadipocytes and can mimic the action of glucocorticoids or peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonists. We also show that BPS treatment, at 0.1 µM and 25 µM, modifies the adipokine profiles both of Om- and Sc-derived adipocytes in a depot-specific manner. Taken together our data show distinct gene expression profiles in the Om vs Sc progenitors and similar responses to the BPA analogue, BPS.
Psychometric properties of the General Functioning Questionnaire (GFQ-58) used for screening for symptoms of psychopathology and overall level of functioning
Authors: Styła Rafał , Kowalski Joachim 
Published: March 2020

Cel pracyPomiary nasilenia objawów psychopatologicznych za pomocą kwestionariuszy samoopisowych są istotnym elementem badań klinicznych i naukowych. Brakuje jednakże polskojęzycznego narzędzia do badania jednocześnie ogólnej oceny funkcjonowania oraz nasilenia szerokiego spektrum objawów psychopatologicznych, które byłoby dostępne szerokiemu gronu badaczy oraz praktyków. W poniższym artykule został opisany proces tworzenia takiego narzędzia - Kwestionariusza Oceny Ogólnego Funkcjonowania 58 (KOOF-58).MetodaW celu oceny trafności i rzetelności KOOF-58 przeprowadzono 3 badania: (1) badanie porównujące wyniki 30 osób z diagnozą schizofrenii z wynikami 30 osób bez diagnozy psychiatrycznej, (2) badanie korelacyjne przeprowadzone na 602 osobach eksplorujące związki KOOF-58 z tendencją do ruminacji i jakością życia oraz (3) badanie w grupie 37 pacjentów z oddziału leczenia nerwic i zaburzeń osobowości eksplorujące związki KOOF-58 z wieloma narzędziami mierzącymi nasilenie objawów psychopatologicznych, ogólnego funkcjonowania i osobowości nerwicowej.WynikiW pierwszym badaniu ujawniono duże różnice między osobami chorującymi na schizofrenię i osobami zdrowymi w zakresie ogólnego wyniku kwestionariusza (p<0.001, d=1.30) i kilku jego podskal. W drugim badaniu wykazano silne związki KOOF-58 z nasileniem rozpamiętywania (p<0.001, ρ=0.64) i poziomem jakości życia (p<0.001, ρ=-0.81). W trzecim badaniu wykazano związki KOOF-58 o średniej bądź dużej sile (wszystkie p≤0,001, r=0.43-0.86) z narzędziami służącymi do pomiaru różnych objawów psychopatologicznych, ogólnego funkcjonowania i osobowości nerwicowej. Rzetelność wyniku ogólnego mierzona współczynnikiem α Cronbacha była satysfakcjonująca we wszystkich trzech badaniach (α=0.89-0.92).WnioskiKwestionariusz KOOF-58 charakteryzuje się satysfakcjonującą trafnością oraz rzetelnością. Kwestionariusz może być stosowany zarówno w badaniach naukowych oraz badaniach klinicznych jako narzędzie dotyczące ogólnego funkcjonowania oraz nasilenia objawów psychopatologicznych.
Short Communication: Effects of black soy phytoestrogens (Glycine soja) on elevated levels of estradiol in rat blood (Rattus novergicus) ovariectomy
Authors: Dwi Yuliawati  , WURI WIDI ASTUTI  , FITRI YUNIARTI  
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Yuliawati D, Astuti WW, Yuniarti F. 2020. Effects of Black Soy phytoestrogens (Glycine soja) on elevated levels of estradiol in Rat Blood (Rattus norvegicus) ovariectomy. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 55-58. Menopause is the transition from productive to non-productive times due to reduced estrogen and progesterone and has an impact on improving cardiovascular problems. The fulfillment of estrogen needs in menopause can use a type of phytoestrogens from black soybeans. The purpose of research is to prove the administration of black soy extract (Glycine soja) can increase the levels of estradiol in the rat blood (Rattus norvegicus) ovariectomy. Design research uses post-test only control group design. Twenty-five female rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 5 tails per group), negative controls, positive and 3 treatments. Ovariectomy was performed in a group of positive controls and treatment. Thirty-day post ovariectomy rats were given appropriate group treatment (negative control, positive, and treatment with the administration of black soy extract dose of 50, 100, 150 mg/200 g/day for 30 days). The estradiol test used the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anova's test results with a significant degree of α = 0.05 established that the p-value of 0.000 was less than α = 0.05, meaning there was a significant effect of giving black soy extract on increased levels of estradiol in the rat blood ovariectomy. Post - Hoc Tukey testing shows increased the highest estradiol levels in the dose treatment group 100 mg/200 g/day. This research proves that the administration of black soy extract (Glycine soja) can increase the levels of estradiol in the rat blood (Rattus norvegicus) ovariectomy.