bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of models using basic parameters to differentiate intestinal tuberculosis from Crohn’s disease: A multicenter study from Asia
Authors: Limsrivilai Julajak , Lee Choon Kin , Prueksapanich Piyapan , Harinwan Kamin , Sudcharoen Asawin , Cheewasereechon Natcha , Aniwan Satimai , Sripongpan Pimsiri , Wetwittayakhlang Panu , Pongpaibul Ananya , Sanpavat Anapat , Pausawasdi Nonthalee , Charatcharoenwitthaya Phunchai , Higgins Peter D. R. , Ng Siew Chien 
Published: November 2020

Background
Data on external validation of models developed to distinguish Crohn’s disease (CD) from intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) are limited. This study aimed to validate and compare models using clinical, endoscopic, and/or pathology findings to differentiate CD from ITB.

Methods
Data from newly diagnosed ITB and CD patients were retrospectively collected from 5 centers located in Thailand or Hong Kong. The data was applied to Lee, et al., Makharia, et al., Jung, et al., and Limsrivilai, et al. model.

Results
Five hundred and thirty patients (383 CD, 147 ITB) with clinical and endoscopic data were included. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of Limsrivilai’s clinical-endoscopy (CE) model was 0.853, which was comparable to the value of 0.862 in Jung’s model (p = 0.52). Both models performed significantly better than Lee’s endoscopy model (AUROC: 0.713, p<0.01). Pathology was available for review in 199 patients (116 CD, 83 ITB). When 3 modalities were combined, Limsrivilai’s clinical-endoscopy-pathology (CEP) model performed significantly better (AUROC: 0.887) than Limsrivilai’s CE model (AUROC: 0.824, p = 0.01), Jung’s model (AUROC: 0.798, p = 0.005) and Makharia’s model (AUROC: 0.637, p<0.01). In 83 ITB patients, the rate of misdiagnosis with CD when used the proposed cutoff values in each original study was 9.6% for Limsrivilai’s CEP, 15.7% for Jung’s, and 66.3% for Makharia’s model.

Conclusions
Scoring systems with more parameters and diagnostic modalities performed better; however, application to clinical practice is still limited owing to high rate of misdiagnosis of ITB as CD. Models integrating more modalities such as imaging and serological tests are needed.
La música de Ligeti en Secundaria a través de 2001: Una Odisea del Espacio
Authors: Cano Palomo Alejandro 
Published: November 2020

El trabajo llevado a cabo en esta investigación se centra en el uso de los medios audiovisuales como recurso didáctico en el aula de música de la enseñanza secundaria española, así como la música del compositor húngaro G. Ligeti (1923-2006) y el uso de sus partituras en la película 2001: Una odisea del espacio (1968) del director Stanley Kubrick (1928-1999).
Tras la parte de investigación, se presenta una propuesta didáctica para el resto de la comunidad educativa, de posible aplicación a la hora de abordar la música de Ligeti y el concepto de música textural a través de la cinta de Kubrick y las piezas musicales Requiem, Lux Aeterna y Atmosphères, con materiales de elaboración propia.
Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Janeiro Manuel H. , Ardanaz Carlos G. , Sola-Sevilla Noemí , Dong Jinya , Cortés-Erice María , Solas Maite , Puerta Elena , Ramírez María J. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. AD is the main cause of dementia worldwide and aging is the main risk factor for developing the illness. AD classical diagnostic criteria rely on clinical data. However, the development of a biological definition of AD using biomarkers that reflect the underling neuropathology is needed.

Content
The aim of this review is to describe the main outcomes when measuring classical and novel biomarkers in biological fluids or neuroimaging.

Summary
Nowadays, there are three classical biomarkers for the diagnosis of AD: Aβ42, t-Tau and p-Tau. The diagnostic use of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers is limited due to invasive collection by lumbar puncture with potential side effects. Plasma/serum measurements are the gold standard in clinics, because they are minimally invasive and, in consequence, easily collected and processed. The two main proteins implicated in the pathological process, Aβ and Tau, can be visualized using neuroimaging techniques, such as positron emission tomography.

Outlook
As it is currently accepted that AD starts decades before clinical symptoms could be diagnosed, the opportunity to detect biological alterations prior to clinical symptoms would allow early diagnosis or even perhaps change treatment possibilities.
LogikôsArgumentation in Aristotle’s Natural Science
Authors: Woodcox Adam 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper offers a novel interpretation of the nature and role of logical (logikôs) argumentation in Aristotle’s natural philosophy. In contrast to the standard domain interpretation, which makeslogikôsargumentation the contrary ofphusikôs, relying on principles drawn from outside the domain of natural science, I propose that the essential or defining feature oflogikôsargumentation is the use of principles that are general relative to the question under investigation. My interpretation is developed and illustrated with a close textual analysis of Aristotle’s explanation of mule sterility inGeneration of AnimalsII 8.
Theologie im Tauchbad
Authors: Wilke Carsten L. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article surveys three centuries of rabbinic culture in Schnaittach (Central Franconia) on the basis of unexplored Hebrew sources. Located in an enclave within the Nuremberg territory, the Schnaittach rabbinate served four rural communities and variously exerted jurisdiction over large areas of Franconia, Upper Palatinate, and Bavaria. As a provincial authority, the rabbinate was oriented toward the political centers in Amberg, Munich, and Vienna, as well as toward the Jewish hubs of Fürth and Frankfurt. The rabbis of Schnaittach produced literary works in the fields of responsa and homiletics that this study contextualizes within a multilevel network of social relations. Early modern rabbis interacted with local tribunals, Christian theologians, Jewish fellow scholars, and migrant students while guiding rural Jews in their daily lives. Several documents show how they mediated, jointly with their wives, in issues of marital sexuality and cared for the female space that was the ritual bath.
Eurasia, Jewish
Nachlässe
Authors: Shahar Galili 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Die Frage nach der Zukunft der Judaistik ruft uns dazu auf, den Nachlass, die Überbleibsel der deutsch-jüdischen Literatur, auf die Frage nach den verborgenen, unerfüllten Potentialen ihrer Schriften anzusprechen. Die Frage nach der Zukunft unserer Studien impliziert nicht nur eine Bewegung vorwärts, sondern auch einen »Rückschritt« in die Verborgenheit der Tradition, d. h. in das, was übrig geblieben, verborgen ist. Sie nimmt uns mit auf einen langen Lernweg, der auch Umwege, Aussetzungen, Wiederholungen und Fluchtwege beinhaltet. Der vorliegende Aufsatz schlägt eine kurze Expedition in das Feld der deutsch-jüdischen Literatur vor, indem drei »Fallstudien« betrachtet werden: Franz Kafkas unvollendeter Roman Der Prozess, Else Lasker-Schülers orientalische Prosa und Erich Auerbachs Essay »Figura«. Hauptanliegen des Essays ist es, eine Neuorientierung auf diesem Gebiet anzubieten und die vergangenen Formen jüdischer Schriften als Potential für futuristische Erfahrungen zu verwerten, bei denen die orientalischen (östlichen) Ressourcen des jüdischen Literaturbetriebs nicht vernachlässigt werden, und sogar die Möglichkeit einer neuen Landkarte der Leserschaft, genannt »Eurasien«, aufzuzeigen.
The Effects of the State Prepaid Tuition Program on College Attainment
Authors: Shen Ying 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
By locking in today’s tuition rate for future college attendance, the prepaid tuition program (PTP) is designed to encourage parents to invest in their children’s human capital. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of the state PTP on college attainment by using data from the 2011–2013 American Community Survey. By exploiting cross-state variation in the timing of the implementation of the state PTP, I found that the program adoption was associated with a 0.7–1.0 percentage point increase in college enrollment rates and a 0.5–0.7 percentage point increase in college completion rates.
Uncertain Outcomes and Climate Change Policy Using an Expo-Power Utility Function
Authors: Sadefo Kamdem Jules , Akame David 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper extends the work of Pindyck, R. S. 2012. “Uncertain Outcomes and Climate Change Policy.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 63 (3): 289–303. by taking into consideration a large class of different utility functions of economic agents. As in Pindyck, R. S. 2012. “Uncertain Outcomes and Climate Change Policy.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 63 (3): 289–303, instead of considering a social utility function that is characterized by constant relative risk aversion (C.R.R.A), we use the expo-power utility function of Saha, A. 1993. “Expo-power Utility: A ‘Flexible’ Form for Absolute and Relative Risk Aversion.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 75 (4): 905–13. In fact, depending on the choice of the expo-power utility function parameters, we cover a diverse range of utility functions. Apart from covering the other utility functions that a C.R.R.A omits, the Expo-power utility function permits us to discern if under the other utility-regimes of economic agents, the willingness to pay remains more affected by uncertain outcomes than certain outcomes when we vary the expectation and standard deviation of the temperature’s probability distribution. Our paper has maintained the small-tailed gamma distributions of temperature and economic impact of Pindyck, R. S. 2012. “Uncertain Outcomes and Climate Change Policy.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 63 (3): 289–303. not only because they hinder infinite future welfare losses (for an exponential utility function), but because it is easy to change some moments of the distribution (jointly or holding the others fixed) while studying how uncertainty influences the willingness to pay as explained in Pindyck, R. S. 2012. “Uncertain Outcomes and Climate Change Policy.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 63 (3): 289–303.
The anti-inflammatory cytokine response characterized by elevated interleukin-10 is a stronger predictor of severe disease and poor outcomes than the pro-inflammatory cytokine response in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Henry Brandon Michael , Benoit Stefanie W. , Vikse Jens , Berger Brandon A. , Pulvino Christina , Hoehn Jonathan , Rose James , Santos de Oliveira Maria Helena , Lippi Giuseppe , Benoit Justin L. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a dysregulated immune state. While research has focused on the hyperinflammation, little research has been performed on the compensatory anti-inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory cytokine response to COVID-19, by assessing interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-10/lymphocyte count ratio and their association with outcomes.

Methods
Adult patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were recruited. The primary endpoint was maximum COVID-19 severity within 30 days of index ED visit.

Results
A total of 52 COVID-19 patients were enrolled. IL-10 and IL-10/lymphocyte count were significantly higher in patients with severe disease (p<0.05), as well as in those who developed severe acute kidney injury (AKI) and new positive bacterial cultures (all p≤0.01). In multivariable analysis, a one-unit increase in IL-10 and IL-10/lymphocyte count were associated with 42% (p=0.031) and 32% (p=0.013) increased odds, respectively, of severe COVID-19. When standardized to a one-unit standard deviations scale, an increase in the IL-10 was a stronger predictor of maximum 30-day severity and severe AKI than increases in IL-6 or IL-8.

Conclusions
The hyperinflammatory response to COVID-19 is accompanied by a simultaneous anti-inflammatory response, which is associated with poor outcomes and may increase the risk of new positive bacterial cultures. IL-10 and IL-10/lymphocyte count at ED presentation were independent predictors of COVID-19 severity. Moreover, elevated IL-10 was more strongly associated with outcomes than pro-inflammatory IL-6 or IL-8. The anti-inflammatory response in COVID-19 requires further investigation to enable more precise immunomodulatory therapy against SARS-CoV-2.
Searching for a role of procalcitonin determination in COVID-19: a study on a selected cohort of hospitalized patients
Authors: Dolci Alberto , Robbiano Cristina , Aloisio Elena , Chibireva Mariia , Serafini Ludovica , Falvella Felicia Stefania , Pasqualetti Sara , Panteghini Mauro 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Procalcitonin (PCT) has been proposed for differentiating viral vs. bacterial infections. In COVID-19, some preliminary results have shown that PCT testing could act as a predictor of bacterial co-infection and be a useful marker for assessment of disease severity.

Methods
We studied 83 COVID-19 hospitalized patients in whom PCT was specifically ordered by attending physicians. PCT results were evaluated according to the ability to accurately predict bacterial co-infections and death in comparison with other known biomarkers of infection and with major laboratory predictors of COVID-19 severity.

Results
Thirty-three (39.8%) patients suffered an in-hospital bacterial co-infection and 44 (53.0%) patients died. In predicting bacterial co-infection, PCT showed a relatively low accuracy (area under receiver-operating characteristic [ROC] curve [AUC]: 0.757; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.651–0.845), with a strength for detecting the outcome not significantly different from that of white blood cell count and C-reactive protein (CRP). In predicting patient death, PCT showed an AUC of 0.815 (CI: 0.714–0.892), not better than those of other more common laboratory tests, such as blood lymphocyte percentage (AUC: 0.874, p=0.19), serum lactate dehydrogenase (AUC: 0.860, p=0.47), blood neutrophil count (AUC: 0.845, p=0.59), and serum albumin (AUC: 0.839, p=0.73).

Conclusions
Procalcitonin (PCT) testing, even when appropriately ordered, did not provide a significant added value in COVID-19 patients when compared with more consolidated biomarkers of infection and poor clinical outcome. The major application of PCT in COVID-19 is its ability, associated with a negative predictive value >90%, to exclude a bacterial co-infection when a rule-out cut-off (<0.25 μg/L) is applied.
On correlation of hyperbolic volumes of fullerenes with their properties
Authors: Egorov A. A. , Vesnin A Yu. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe observe that fullerene graphs are one-skeletons of polyhedra, which can be realized with all dihedral angles equal to π /2 in a hyperbolic 3-dimensional space. One of the most important invariants of such a polyhedron is its volume. We are referring this volume as a hyperbolic volume of a fullerene. It is known that some topological indices of graphs of chemical compounds serve as strong descriptors and correlate with chemical properties. We demonstrate that hyperbolic volume of fullerenes correlates with few important topological indices and so, hyperbolic volume can serve as a chemical descriptor too. The correlation between hyperbolic volume of fullerene and its Wiener index suggested few conjectures on volumes of hyperbolic polyhedra. These conjectures are confirmed for the initial list of fullerenes.
A low-cost web-based smart street lighting geographical information system for smaller towns and villages
Authors: Pružinec Filip , Mego Peter , Đuračiová Renata 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe use of LED lights in smart street lighting to save energy is efficient and very common in many developed cities. However, such a system results in higher initial costs, which may discourage smaller towns and villages from its purchasing. This paper therefore deals with the design and development of a smart street lighting control system for smaller cities and villages. Such a system is required to be economical from the perspective of development and production. Considering other requirements such as platform independence, high availability and broad support, we proposed to build a system as a web application using a custom light control service component. The result is a web application that consists of a user interface served by a web server and an application server used to communicate with light control service. In addition, the system is designed as a geographical information system to be easy to use for managing street lights in groups or individually, while displaying them on the map. The system allows automatic sensor-based light intensity modulation by default with the possibility of manual adjustment or override of the illumination. It also includes a device error notification system with a tool to navigate faulty devices. The presented system is a low-cost solution for intelligent street lighting control designed for smaller cities or villages. They can apply the designed architecture of the system and the specific technologies suitable because of their low-cost implementation.
Student experiences of project-based learning in an analytical chemistry laboratory course in higher education
Authors: Matilainen Rose , Nuora Piia , Valto Piia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study describes students’ experiences in project-based learning (PjBL) incorporated as part of a revised undergraduate analytical chemistry laboratory course. We examined which phases were the easiest as well as the most challenging and what student skills developed during the research project. The research data were collected between 2016 and 2018 via two questionnaires. They were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. One questionnaire focused on the whole course (in 2016–2018, n = 127) of which only the answers on the research project questions were analyzed. The other questionnaire focused on only the research project (in 2018, n = 42). Based on the results of our study, students felt that the research project was useful for their future laboratory experiments. Several sets working life skills as well as self-assessment skills were also developed during the project. These included skills related to laboratory work, group working, planning the research, problem solving and data collection. The students named the easiest phases to be the concrete laboratory experiments, making the seminar presentation, drawing up the research plan and reporting the results. As the most challenging phases, they named the design phase of the project, challenges related to experimental works and data collection. For example, students experienced uncertainty when gathering information and the whole project appeared challenging during the design phase. However, when students started to work, they saw that the work progressed smoothly if they had designed it well. When students have an opportunity to create their own research project, they acquire meaningful learning experiences.
Pensare Dio. Spunti di riflessione in dialogo con Anca Vasiliu
Authors: Longo Angela 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The following work features elements to ponder and an in-depth explanation taken on the Anca Vasiliu’s study about the possibilities and ways of thinking of God by a rational entity, such as the human being. This is an ever relevant topic that, however, takes place in relation to Platonic authors and texts, especially in Late Antiquity. The common thread is that the human being is a God’s creature who resembles him and who is image of. Nevertheless, this also applies within the Christian Trinity according to which, not without problems, the Son is the image of the Father. Lastly, also the relationship of the Spirit with the Father and the Son, always within the Trinity, can be considered as a relationship of similarity, but again not without critical issues between the similarity of attributes, on the one hand, and the identity of nature, on the other.
FMEA method in operational reliability of forest harvesters
Authors: Kováč Ján , Ťavoda Pavol , Krilek Jozef , Harvánek Pavol 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the research of operational reliability of forest felling machines by FMEA method (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis). It describes collection of operational data and its analysis. It explains the procedure of realization for the method FMEA in the organization. Harvesters John Deere 1070D in the Company Lesy SR B. Bystrica were chosen for this research. The research was held in real operational conditions. Application of the FMEA method allows flexibility in case of unexpected situations and optimization of human potential abilities. FMEA tool is a tool preventing outages operational reliability and preventive tool for ensuring the maintenance of facilities. The method of information analysis mentioned below is simple ale precise enough for implementation in real working conditions.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of the lipase-catalyzed ring-opening copolymerization of ε-caprolactone and ω-pentadecanolactone: Thermal and FTIR characterization
Authors: Herrera-Kao Wilberth A. , Aguilar-Vega Manuel J. , Cervantes-Uc José Manuel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Microwave-assisted synthesis of the lipase-catalyzed ring opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) and ω-pentadecanolactone (ω-PDL) monomers was studied. A series of P(CL-co-PDL), with different molar feed ratios, including (ε-CL/ω-PDL) 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100, were synthesized. The resulting polyesters were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The microwave-assisted polymerization of the monomers reached high conversions (91–95%) within 60 min. FTIR spectra showed the typical absorption bands of these polyesters. A very intense band in the carbonyl region, which was shifted from 1,720 cm−1 for PCL to 1,732 cm−1 for PPDL homopolymer, as well as peaks owing to methylene groups in the 2,990–2,850 cm−1 range. DSC results revealed that all polyester samples were semi-crystalline. Interestingly, the copolymers exhibited only one melting peak (T
m), and their T
m values linearly increased from 57°C to 95°C as PPDL concentration was increased. Thermal stability of polyesters also depended on PDL content; an increase in PDL concentration increases polymer degradation temperature (T
d).
The distinction problems for Sp4 and SO3,3
Authors: Lu Hengfei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper studies the Prasad conjecture for the special orthogonal group

SO

3
,
3

\mathrm{SO}_{3,3}

.
Then we use the local theta correspondence between

Sp
4

\mathrm{Sp}_{4}

and

O
⁢

(
V
)

\mathrm{O}(V)

to study the

Sp
4

\mathrm{Sp}_{4}

-distinction problems over a quadratic field extension

E
/
F

E/F

and

dim
⁡
V

=
4

\dim V=4

or 6.
Thus we can verify the Prasad conjecture for a square-integrable representation of

Sp
4

⁢

(
E
)

\mathrm{Sp}_{4}(E)

.