bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Productivity, chemical composition and physical properties of wool under conditions of feeding ewes with increased levels of mineral elements
Authors: Tkachuk V. M. , Ohorodnyk N. Z. , Kyryliv B. Ya. , Motko N. R. , Pavkovych S. Ya. , Dudar I. F. 
Published: December 2024

Increasing the productivity and quality of sheep products depends mainly on feeding, including providing the optimal amount of mineral substances, which significantly affect metabolic processes in the body. In this regard, there was conducted a study of the effect of increased levels, by 25 % of the existing norms, of a mixture of macro- and microelements (Sulfur, Zinc, Copper, Iodine, Selenium, and Cobalt) due to the additional introduction of sodium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper carbonate, potassium iodide, sodium selenite, and cobalt sulfate to the diet of animals. The study was conducted on lactating ewes of the Prekos breed. The object of research was wool, samples of which were taken at the end of the experiment from the skin area behind the shoulder blade. It was established that the effect of mineral elements is aimed at intensifying the growth of wool, which is indicated by the increase in wool growth in the animals of the test group by 27.77 % compared to the control group (Р < 0.05). A tendency to decrease the number of beta- and increase in gamma keratosis was also noted, which is natural because gamma keratosis contains a large amount of sulfur-rich proteins. In contrast, beta keratosis contains a small amount of them. It was shown that the inclusion of increased levels of macro- and microelements, including Sulfur, in the essential diet leads to its probable increase in the wool of the test ewes (Р < 0.05) due to an increase in cystine (Р < 0.001). Tyrosine (Р < 0.05) and hexosamines (Р < 0.01) also increased significantly in the wool of animals in the tested group. The latter has a direct effect on the strength of the wool. The formation of wool fiber strength is also influenced by the growth of Sulfur and cystine, which directly form disulfide bonds. Thus, under the influence of the factors we applied, the breaking force of fibers was observed to increase by 15.25 % (Р < 0.05), from 7.41 сH/tex in the control group to 8.54 сH/tex in the test group. The alimentary factors we used had no significant effect on wool's total nitrogen content, tryptophan, and fineness.
Guerre et Paix
Authors: Stephan Joseph 
Published: December 2024

Parmi les tambours de la guerre et l’effondrement des institutions médicales au Liban, ces deux poèmes contrastent les péripéties d'une enfance traumatisante durant la guerre civile à la paix paradoxale d’une naissance paisible dans une famille unie, au sein d’un hôpital français de Beyrouth.

Amidst the sounding drums of war and the near complete collapse of the healthcare infrastructure in Lebanon, these two poems contrast a traumatizing childhood during the civil war to the paradoxical peace of a peaceful birth within a united and loving family at a French hospital in Beirut.
Syrian refugee families’ experiences of pregnancy loss services in Lebanon: A Qualitative study
Authors: Frensch Karen , Akesson Bree , Delioglu Fatmanu , Keftaro Al Hasnaa 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Of the approximately 1.5 million government-reported Syrian refugees displaced in Lebanon, one in four women are of childbearing age (Cherri et al., 2017; Nabolsi et al., 2020). Pregnancy loss among childbearing women is more prevalent in low-resource settings (Harakow et al., 2021; The Lancet, 2016). This qualitative research study explores Syrian refugee families’ experiences of pregnancy loss in Lebanon considering the scarcity of health services, specifically those addressing pregnancy loss in displacement settings. Methods: An interpretive phenomenological approach was used to illuminate the experiences of pregnancy loss among 15 Syrian refugee families living in the Bekaa region. Each mother-father dyad participated in a joint interview followed by an individual interview. Two peer group discussions were held with mothers (n=8) and fathers (n=7). The viewpoints of health practitioners were elicited through one-on-one interviews (n=3) and four peer group discussions (n=10). Results: Dedicated services following pregnancy loss are lacking. Both parents and practitioners emphasized the predominantly medical focus of care for women during the perinatal period. In the wake of pregnancy loss, parents expressed a general lack of awareness of available health services while health practitioners prioritized the provision of awareness sessions (as a form of pregnancy loss prevention). Both parents and health practitioners endorsed a need for psychological supports. Health providers also identified the need to engage fathers more in perinatal services, while parents spoke intensely of the need for practical support that addressed their precarious living conditions. Conclusions: By highlighting the overlap and differing service priorities of parents and practitioners this research suggests critical areas of change for the delivery and reception of services following pregnancy loss. While responding to refugee families’ extreme poverty and precarity should be at the forefront of service utility, increasing the responsiveness and relevancy of practice and policy that frame the experience of pregnancy loss among refugee families is equally vital.
KLASIFIKASI TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BUAH NAGA KRISTAL BERDASARKAN WARNA KULIT MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA K-NEAREST NEIGHBORS
Authors: Hernando Erick , Chandra Saputra Ade , Parhusip Jadiaman 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah metode yang efektif dalam menentukan tingkat kematangan buah naga pada kelas layak panen, matang, mentah secara otomatis dengan memanfaatkan algoritma K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN) melalui proses Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD). Proses KDD, yang melibatkan serangkaian langkah mulai dari pemilihan data, praproses data, transformasi data, hingga penerapan algoritma untuk menghasilkan pengetahuan yang bermanfaat, digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengolah dan menganalisis data citra buah naga.
Pada penelitian ini klasifikasi diolah melalui tahapan KDD, termasuk proses praproses untuk membersihkan dan mempersiapkan data, Penggunaan Min-Max Normalization untuk menstandarisasi data sehingga semua fitur berada pada skala yang sama, sangat penting untuk kinerja model K-NN, transformasi untuk mengekstraksi data kelas, dan penerapan algoritma K-NN untuk klasifikasi kematangan buah. Pemilihan algoritma K-NN dalam tahapan KDD didasarkan pada kesederhanaan serta kemampuannya dalam mengklasifikasikan data dengan tingkat akurasi yang tinggi.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode KDD yang diterapkan dengan algoritma K-NN mampu mengklasifikasikan kematangan buah naga dengan Akurasi terbaik diperoleh pada nilai K = 3 dengan persentase akurasi sebesar 91% tanpa memerlukan pemotongan fisik pada buah. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini tidak hanya memberikan kontribusi dalam bidang pertanian presisi tetapi juga menunjukkan bagaimana metode KDD dapat diterapkan secara efektif untuk menyelesaikan masalah nyata di lapangan.
Fexuprazan safeguards the esophagus from hydrochloric acid-induced damage by suppressing NLRP1/Caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptotic pathway
Authors: Kim Seo Yeon , Yoon Jung-Ho , Jung Da Hyun , Kim Ga Hee , Kim Chul Hoon , Lee Sang Kil 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) are widely used to manage gastric acid-related disorders by inhibiting hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion from parietal cells in the stomach. Although PPIs are known to have anti-inflammatory properties beyond their role in inhibiting gastric acid secretion, research on P-CABs is lacking. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether all available P-CABs exhibit anti-inflammatory effects in gastroesophageal reflux-induced esophagitis and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.MethodsHet-1A cells, normal esophageal epithelial cells, were treated with HCl (pH 4) for 30 min. Esomeprazole, a representative PPI, and three currently marketed P-CABs (vonoprazan, tegoprazan, and fexuprazan) were used for pretreatment. Total RNA sequencing was performed using Het-1A cells pretreated with 1% DMSO or fexuprazan, followed by exposure to HCl. Pyroptosis was measured using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Western blotting, qRT-PCR, and ELISA were used to determine the expression of the related genes.ResultsPretreatment with esomeprazole, vonoprazan, tegoprazan, and fexuprazan significantly inhibited the HCl-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Fexuprazan and vonoprazan significantly attenuated the HCl-induced pyroptosis rate, as assessed by elevated LDH release and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, whereas esomeprazole and tegoprazan did not. RNA sequencing revealed that NOD-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain-containing 1 (NLRP1) was significantly reduced in Het-1A cells pretreated with fexuprazan compared to those treated with DMSO. Fexuprazan and vonoprazan markedly reduced the HCl-induced transcriptional and translational expression of genes involved in the pyroptosis pathway, including NLRP1, Caspase-1, gasdermin D, and IL-1β. Notably, fexuprazan reduced the HCl-induced increase in pyroptosis and IL-1β using siRNA, even in the presence of NLRP1 knockdown. Fexuprazan, tested on inflammatory THP-1 macrophage cells, significantly reduced NLRP1 expression and inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced pyroptosis.ConclusionOur findings reveal that all p-CABs exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, while fexuprazan inhibits inflammation and pyroptosis of esophageal cells caused by the gastric acid. Therefore, it is presumed to have additional benefits in gastroesophageal reflux disease in addition to suppressing gastric acid secretion.
Genetically predicted immune cells mediate the association between gut microbiota and autoimmune liver diseases
Authors: Zhang Jikang , Hu Yiqi , Xu Jin , Shao Hua , Zhu Qingping , Si Hao 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundIncreasing evidence suggests an association between gut microbiota and Autoimmune Liver Diseases (AILDs). However, causal inference remains controversial due to confounding bias in observational studies. Additionally, there is currently no clear evidence indicating that immune cells act as intermediate phenotypes in the pathogenesis of AILDs. This study utilizes the Mendelian Randomization (MR) method to investigate the causal relationships among gut microbiota, immune cells, and AILDs.MethodsInitially, we conducted a two-sample MR analysis to predict the causal relationships among 412 gut microbiota, 731 immune phenotypes, and AILDs. Subsequently, a series of sensitivity analyses were performed to validate the initial MR results and reverse MR analysis was conducted to exclude reverse causality. Finally, a two-step MR analysis was utilized to quantify the proportion of the impact of gut microbiota on AILDs mediated by immune cells.ResultsFollowing rigorous MR analysis, our findings indicate that increased involvement of the gut microbiome in the superpathway of L-tryptophan biosynthesis is positively associated with an elevated risk of Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH). The effect is partially mediated by the CD14+ CD16+ monocyte Absolute Count, which accounts for 17.47% of the total effect. Moreover, the species Ruminococcus obeum appears to mediate the development of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) through CD62L-CD86+ myeloid Dendritic Cell %Dendritic Cell, contributing to 32.47% of the total observed effect.ConclusionOur study highlights the potential mediating mechanisms of immune cells in the causal relationship between the gut microbiome and AILDs. These insights provide a foundation for developing preventive strategies for AILDs in clinical practice.
The study on cuproptosis in Alzheimer’s disease based on the cuproptosis key gene FDX1
Authors: Chen Guilin , Xi Erwei , Gu Xiaozhen , Wang Huili , Tang Qiqiang 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory and cognitive impairments. Previous studies have shown neuronal death in the brains of AD patients, but the role of cuproptosis and its associated genes in AD neurons remains unclear.MethodsIntersection analysis was conducted using the AD transcriptome dataset GSE63060, neuron dataset GSE147528, and reported cuproptosis-related genes to identify the cuproptosis key gene FDX1 highly expressed in AD. Subsequently, cell experiments were performed by treating SH-SY5Y cells with Aβ25-35 to establish AD cell model. The real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting (WB) assays were employed to detect the expression levels of FDX1, DLAT, and DLST. Cell proliferation was analyzed by counting Kit-8 (CCK8), mitochondrial ROS levels were analyzed using flow cytometry. shRNA was used to downregulate FDX1 expression, followed by repetition of the aforementioned experiments. Clinical experiments utilized qPCR to detect FDX1 mRNA levels in peripheral venous blood of patients, and analyzed FDX1 expression differences in different APOE genotypes of AD patients. Finally, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of FDX1 was constructed based on the GeneMANIA database, immune infiltration analysis was conducted using R language, and transcription factors prediction for FDX1 was performed based on the ENCODE database.ResultsThe cuproptosis key gene FDX1 showed significantly higher expression in peripheral blood and neuron models of AD compared to non-AD individuals, with significantly higher expression in APOE ε4/ε4 genotype than other APOE genotype of AD patients. Knockdown of FDX1 expression reduced the lipidation levels of DLAT and DLST in neurons, alleviated ROS accumulation in mitochondria, improved cell viability, and mitigated cuproptosis. Immune infiltration analysis results indicated a high enrichment of peripheral blood γδ-T lymphocytes in AD, and FDX1 was significantly associated with the infiltration of four immune cells and may be regulated by three transcription factors.ConclusionThe cuproptosis key gene FDX1 is highly expressed in AD and may promote cuproptosis in AD neurons by regulating the lipidation levels of DLAT and DLST, thereby participating in the onset and development of AD. This provides a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of AD.
Early life acute infections and risk for cow's milk protein allergy or atopic dermatitis at 6 months of age in high risk for allergy infants
Authors: Pancheva Rouzha , Illiodromiti Zoi , Moschonis George , Kontopodi Eva , Karapati Eleni , Nicolaou Nicolaos , Karaglani Eva , Sekkidou Mikaela , Popova Simoneta , Usheva Nataliya , Marinova Miglena , Xepapadaki Paraskevi , Sardeli Olympia , Kapetanaki Anastasia , Iacovidou Nicoletta , Boutsikou Theodora , Papathoma Evangelia , Manios Yannis 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundEarly life infections (ELIs), encompassing both viral and bacterial types, occur within the first six months of life. Influenced by genetic host factors and environmental conditions, the relationship between ELIs and subsequent allergic manifestations, particularly cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) and atopic dermatitis (AD), is complex and not fully understood.ObjectiveThe aim of the current study was to examine the potential interplay between nutrition, infections, and allergic manifestations in the first six months of life in infants with a family history of allergies, who were either exclusively breastfed (EBF) or fed a combination of breast milk and standard (SF) or partially hydrolyzed infant formula (pHF).MethodsThe Allergy Reduction Trial (ART) is a multicenter, randomized controlled trial involving 551 participants. From birth, these participants were divided into three groups: Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF), Partially Hydrolyzed Formula (pHF), and Standard Formula (SF). ELIs, defined as viral and bacterial infections occurring during the first 6 months, and outcomes (AD, CMPA) were recorded through questionnaires (i.e., SCORAD and CоMiSS) and clinical assessments.ResultsThe relative risk (RR) for CMPA in infants with ELIs was 0.20 (95% CI: 0.07–0.58), highlighting a protective effect of ELIs against CMPA development. Notably, the incidence of CMPA was significantly lower in infants who experienced ELIs compared to those without (3% vs. 13.4%, p = 0.001), with no cases of CMPA observed at 6 months in exclusively breastfed (EBF) infants with ELIs. For AD, a trend was observed where the incidence was lower in infants with ELIs who were fed with pHF at 6.5%, compared to those fed with SF at 18.2% (p = 0.092), suggesting a potential protective effect of ELIs in the pHF group against AD development.ConclusionThe study highlights a potential protective role of ELIs in reducing the risk of CMPA, particularly in EBF infants. Furthermore, it suggests a trend towards lower AD incidence in infants fed with pHF, highlighting the complex interplay between early microbial exposures, feeding practices, and immune development. Further research is warranted to unravel this challenging relationship and appropriately inform early life allergy prevention strategies
Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model guided weight-tiered dose of AST-001 in pediatric patients with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Lee Soyoung , Hwang Su-Kyeong , Cho Jung-Sook , Ryu Hyung Chul , Chung Jae-Yong 
Published: December 2024

AST-001, a novel syrup formulation of L-serine, was developed for the treatment of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in pediatric patients. This study aimed to establish a pharmacokinetic (PK)-pharmacodynamic (PD) model to elucidate the effect of AST-001 on adaptive behavior in children with ASD. Due to the absence of PK samples in pediatric patients, a previously published population PK model was used to link the PD model by applying an allometric scale to body weight. The time courses of Korean-Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale-II Adaptive Behavior Composite (K-VABS-II-ABC) scores were best described by an effect compartment model with linear drug effects (Deff, 0.0022 L/μg) and linear progression, where an equilibration half-life to the effect compartment was approximately 15 weeks. Our findings indicated a positive correlation between the baseline K-VABS-II-ABC score (E0, 48.51) and the rate of natural progression (Kprog, 0.015 day−1), suggesting enhanced natural behavioral improvements in patients with better baseline adaptive behavior. Moreover, age was identified as a significant covariate for E0 and was incorporated into the model using a power function. Based on our model, the recommended dosing regimens for phase III trials are 2, 4, 6, 10, and 14 g, administered twice daily for weight ranges of 10–13, 14–20, 21–34, 35–49, and &gt;50 kg, respectively. These doses are expected to significantly improve ASD symptoms. This study not only proposes an optimized dosing strategy for AST-001 but also provides valuable insights into the PK-PD relationship in pediatric ASD treatment.
Motivasi Internal Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Pegawai
Authors: Buulolo Erlian Sari , Larosa Yoel Melsaro , Harefa Peringatan , Bate'e Maria Magdalena 
Published: December 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni Untuk mengetahui kedisiplinan, ketaatan dan motivasi pegawai dalam meningkatkan kinerja pegawai kantor camat Huruna Kabupaten Nias Selatan. Ketaatan terhadap arahan pemimpin saat ini telah cukup meningkat di ruang lingkup pegawai Kantor Camat Kecamatan Huruna Kabupaten Nias Selatan. Adanya penilaian yang mengatakan bahwa pegawai kurang taat terhadap arahan pimpinan disebabkan karena keterlambatan menyelesaikan pekerjaan karena beberapa situasi berada diluar kendali Kantor, seperti keterlambatan data dari pusat, masalah pembiayaan dari daerah dan sebagainya. Menyelesaikan tugas sesuai dengan arahan pimpinan tentunya selalu menjadi pilihan utama pegawi dan staf karena akan memberikan pencapaian tersendiri bagi pegawai sehingga lebih mendorong mereka untuk meningkatkan kinerja. Hampir semua hal yang dilakukan pegawai Kantor Camat Kecamatan Huruna Kabupaten Nias Selatan selalu berkaitan dengan motivasi internal. Penerapan teknologi seperti face print dan pemberian sanksi sangat membantu dalam meningkatkan kedisplinan para pegawai. Namun akan lebih baik apabila para pegawai mampu menerapkan kedisplinan karena kesadaran penuh dari dirinya sendiri sehingga apabila terjadi masalah dengan sistem face print dan pemberian sanksi, pegawai dapat tetap mempertahankan kedisplinannya. Oleh karena itu diharapkan andil pemimpin dalam memberikan arahan dan motivasi bagi para pegawai mengenai pentingnya kedisplinanPeneliti menyarankan bagi Bapak/Ibu Pejabat di Kantor Camat Huruna Kabupaten Nias Selatan agar lebih sering berkoordinasi dengan pemerintah daerah maupun pusat karena banyaknya tugas yang tidak selesai tepat waktu disebabkan oleh faktor biaya dana data..
Устойчивость лесопастбищ в современных условиях изменения климата
Authors: Болаев Б.К. , Киштанов Б.В. 
Published: December 2024

Устойчивость лесопастбищ в изменившихся климатических условиях привлекает все больше внимания в связи с нарастанием антропогенной нагрузки на пастбищные угодья и увеличением процессов опусты- нивания. Объектами исследования являлись очаги опустынивания на Черных землях Калмыкии. Изучены сукцессии растительного покрова восстановленных пастбищ, биоразнообразие, структура фитоценозов и фитопродуктивность созданных лесопастбищ. Определена возможность создания очагов инспермации в свежемелиорированных очагах дефляции и сезонная динамика развития видового состава и биомассы растительного покрова в «потухших» очагах дефляции на пастбищах. Установлено, что при сукцессии прогрессивного типа видовой состав восстановленных пастбищ с присутствием древесно-кустарниково- го яруса достаточно стабильный. Кустарниковый ярус достаточно устойчив в возрасте 30-35 лет даже в крайне засушливых условиях. Под защитой кустарников активизируется формирование травянистого яруса, а устойчивость и продуктивность фитоценозов поддерживает самосев. Мониторинг сукцессий рас- тительного покрова в «потухших» очагах дефляции на Черных землях Калмыкии показал, что долговечные и продуктивные кормовые угодья сформировались при комплексной мелиорации очагов опустынивания, где применялись древесно-кустарниковые и травянистые растения.
The forest pastures steadiness in the changed climatic conditions attracts more and more attention nowadays due to the increasing anthropogenic pressure on pasture lands and due to the increasing desertification processes. The research objects were the centers of desertification in the Black Lands of Kalmykia. The vegetation covers succession in the restored pastures, biodiversity, the phytocenoses structure and the created pastures phytoproductivity were examined. The possibility of creating inspermation centers in fresh reclaimed deflation centers and the seasonal species composition dynamics and vegetation cover biomass in «extinct» deflation centers on pastures are determined. It has been established that in succession of progression type the species composition of rehabilitated pastures with the presence of a tree-shrub layer is quite stable. The shrub layer is quite stable at the age of 30-35 years even in extremely arid conditions. The grassy layer formation is intensified and the stability and productivity of phytocenoses supports self-seeding under the protection of shrubs. The vegetation cover successions monitoring in the «extinct» deflation centers in the Black Lands of Kalmykia showed that long-lasting and productive feedstocks were formed during the complex reclamation of desertification centers where tree-shrub and herbaceous plants had been used.