bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mobile-platform measurement of air pollutant concentrations in California: performance assessment, statistical methods for evaluating spatial variations, and spatial representativeness
Authors: Solomon Paul A. , Vallano Dena , Lunden Melissa , LaFranchi Brian , Blanchard Charles L. , Shaw Stephanie L. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Mobile-platform measurements provide new opportunities
for characterizing spatial variations in air pollution within urban areas,
identifying emission sources, and enhancing knowledge of atmospheric
processes. The Aclima, Inc., mobile measurement and data acquisition platform
was used to equip four Google Street View cars with research-grade
instruments, two of which were available for the duration of this study.
On-road measurements of air quality were made during a series of sampling
campaigns between May 2016 and September 2017 at high (i.e., 1 s)
temporal and spatial resolution at several California locations: Los
Angeles, San Francisco, and the northern San Joaquin Valley (including
nonurban roads and the cities of Tracy, Stockton, Manteca, Merced, Modesto,
and Turlock). The results demonstrate that the approach is effective for
quantifying spatial variations in air pollutant concentrations over
measurement periods as short as 2 weeks. Measurement accuracy and
precision are evaluated using results of weekly performance checks and
periodic audits conducted through the sampler inlets, which show that
research instruments located within stationary vehicles are capable of
reliably measuring nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone
(O3), methane (CH4), black carbon (BC), and particle number (PN)
concentration, with bias and precision ranging from < 10 % for
gases to < 25 % for BC and PN at 1 s time resolution. The quality
of the mobile measurements in the ambient environment is examined by
comparisons with data from an adjacent (< 9 m) stationary regulatory
air quality monitoring site and by paired collocated vehicle comparisons,
both stationary and driving. The mobile measurements indicate that United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA)
classifications of two Los Angeles stationary regulatory monitors' scales of
representation are appropriate. Paired time-synchronous mobile measurements
are used to characterize the spatial scales of concentration variations when
vehicles were separated by < 1 to 10 km. A data
analysis approach is developed to characterize spatial variations while
limiting the confounding influence of diurnal variability. The approach is
illustrated using data from San Francisco, revealing 1 km scale differences
in mean NO2 and O3 concentrations up to 117 % and 46 %,
respectively, of mean values during a 2-week sampling period. In San
Francisco and Los Angeles, spatial variations up to factors of 6 to 8 occur
at sampling scales of 100–300 m, corresponding to 1 min averages.
Rescue and quality control of sub-daily meteorological data collected at Montevergine Observatory (Southern Apennines), 1884–1963
Authors: Capozzi Vincenzo , Cotroneo Yuri , Castagno Pasquale , De Vivo Carmela , Budillon Giorgio 
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Here we present the rescue of sub-daily meteorological
observations collected from 1884 to 1963 at Montevergine Observatory,
located in the Southern Apennines in Italy. The recovered dataset consists of
3-daily observations of the following atmospheric variables: dry-bulb
temperature, wet-bulb temperature, water vapour pressure, relative humidity,
atmospheric pressure, cloud type, cloud cover, rainfall, snowfall and
precipitation type. The data, originally available only as paper-based
records, have been digitized following the World Meteorological Organization
standard practices. After a cross-check, the digitized data went through
three different automatic quality control tests: the gross error test, which
verifies whether the data are within acceptable range limits; the tolerance test,
which flags whether values are above or below monthly climatological limits that
are defined in accordance with a probability distribution model specific to
each variable; and the temporal coherency test, which checks the rate of
change and flags unrealistic jumps in consecutive values. The result of this process is the publication of a new historical dataset
that includes, for the first time, digitized and quality-controlled
sub-daily meteorological observations collected since the late 19th
century in the Mediterranean region north of the 37th parallel. These
data are critical to enhancing and complementing previously rescued sub-daily
historical datasets – which are currently
limited to atmospheric pressure observations only – in the central and northern Mediterranean regions. Furthermore, the Montevergine Observatory (MVOBS)
dataset can enrich the understanding of high-altitude weather and climate
variability, and it contributes to the improvement of the accuracy of reanalysis products
prior the 1950s. Data are available on the NOAA's National Centers for
Environmental Information (NCEI) public repository and are associated with a
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25921/cx3g-rj98 (Capozzi et al., 2019).
Present and future changes in winter climate indices relevant for access disruptions in Troms, northern Norway
Authors: Dyrrdal Anita Verpe , Isaksen Ketil , Jacobsen Jens Kristian Steen , Nilsen Irene Brox 
Published: June 2020

Abstract. A number of seaside communities in Troms, northern
Norway, are vulnerable to sudden weather-induced access disruptions due to
high-impact weather and dependency on one or few roads. In this paper we
study changes in winter weather known to potentially cause access
disruptions in Troms, for the present climate (1958–2017) and two future
periods (2041–2070; 2071–2100). We focus on climate indices associated
with snow avalanches and weather that may lead to for example slippery road conditions. In two focus areas, the most important results show larger snow
amounts now compared to 50 years ago, and heavy snowfall has become more
intense and frequent. This trend is expected to turn in the future,
particularly at low elevations where snow cover during winter might become a rarity by 2100. Strong snow drift, due to a combination of snowfall and wind speed, has slightly increased in the two focus areas, but a strong decrease is expected in the future due to less snow. Events of heavy rain during winter are rather infrequent in the present winter climate of Troms, but we show that these events are likely to occur much more often in all regions in the future.
Telehealth and Physical Therapy Clinical Decision Making in a Patient with a Falcine Meningioma
Authors: Boggs Ryan , Frappa Nicholas , Ross Michael , Tall Michael 
Published: June 2020

Telehealth utilizes information technologies and communication networks to deliver healthcare and education with lower costs and improved access, quality, and efficiency of healthcare services. This report describes the application of telehealth for medical screening, clinical decision making, and medical referral in a physical therapy practice. The patient described was a 50-year old man who contacted his physical therapist via telephone for a chief complaint of worsening left sided numbness and tingling that began insidiously 2 days prior. Further questioning revealed that the patient also complained of left ankle weakness, and slight unsteadiness with walking. He had not been feeling well and had been experiencing increasing bouts of unexplained fatigue over the previous two months that were now interfering with his work and recreational activities. The patient was evaluated by his physician the next day. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a large (4 cm) falcine meningioma in the right parietal region. The patient was immediately referred to a neurosurgeon and underwent a craniotomy and tumor resection ten days later and subsequent gamma knife radiosurgery of the residual tumor bed two months after craniotomy and tumor resection. Follow-up imaging one year later revealed no evidence of recurrence or residual tumor. This patient case underscores the importance of recognizing signs and symptoms of serious disease, and how referral following telehealth via telephone can inform diagnosis.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for English Linguistics Research, Vol. 9, No. 2
Authors: Su Camille 
Published: June 2020

English Linguistics Research (ELR) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether ELR publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue. Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 2 Alina Andreea Dragoescu Urlica, University of Life Sciences, RomaniaAyman Daif-Allah, Qassim University, EgyptFadi Maher Al-Khasawneh, King Khalid University, Saudi ArabiaHülya Tuncer, Çukurova University, TurkeyKatherine Short-Meyerson, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, USANaom Nyarigoti, United States International University-Africa, KenyaOmer Elsheikh Hago Elmahdi, Taibah University, Saudi ArabiaSawsan M.A. Ahmed, Taif University, Saudi ArabiaWin Whelan, St. Bonaventure University, USAZeineb Ayachi Ben Abdallah, Higher Institute of Human Sciences Jendouba, Tunisia Best Regards,Camille SuEditorial Assistant, English Linguistics ResearchSciedu Press*************************************Add: 9140 Leslie St. Suite 110, Beaver Creek, Ontario, L4B 0A9, CanadaTel: 1-416-479-0028 ext. 210Fax: 1-416-642-8548E-mail 1: elr@sciedupress.com E-mail 2: elr@sciedupress.org Website: http://elr.sciedupress.com
Some issues related to concept of the Constitution and security of Civilization
Authors: Myagmarsuren Amarbayar 
Published: June 2020

The state of affairs concerning religion in Mongolia has recently become a controversial subject due to the need to clarify the constitutional and state policy on religion, which was being interpreted in different ways by scholars. I the researcher concluded my thoughts on how the constitution of Mongolia stipulated “religion”, whether the main principle such as “The State shall respect religion and religion shall honor the State” is referring to all religions, and clarified the constitutional concept of state and religion in the constitution. Religion is not merely a matter of religious human right, it is also essential matter in terms of national security and national integration. Furthermore, I the researcher tried to define the scope of religion in broad concept of “Civilization” and how it is regulated by the law of national security.
Үндсэн хуулийн үзэл санаа ба соёл иргэншлийн аюулгүй байдалд хамаарах зарим асуудал
Хураангуй: Үндсэн хуулиар баталсан, төрөөс шашны талаар баримтлах бодлогыг эрдэмтэн судлаачид зөрүүтэй тайлбарлаж, ойлгомжгүй байдал үүсгэсэн тул үүнийг тодорхой болгох шаардлага тулгарч байна. Сүүлийн үед Монгол Улсад шашны нөхцөл байдлын талаарх асуудал хурцаар хөндөгдөх болжээ. Монгол Улсын Үндсэн хуулиар “шашны” асуудлыг хэрхэн зохицуулсан, Үндсэн хуульд заасан “Монгол Улсад төр нь шашнаа хүндэтгэж, шашин нь төрөө дээдэлнэ” гэсэн зарчим нь бүх шашныг илэрхийлж байгаа эсэхэд дүгнэлт өгөх, Үндсэн хуулиар төрөөс, шашны талаар баримтлах Үндсэн хуулийн үзэл санааг тодорхой болгох тал дээр судлаач байр сууриа илэрхийллээ. Шашны асуудал бол дан ганц шашин шүтэх хүний эрхтэй холбогддогүй, улс орны нэгдмэл, аюулгүй байдлын асуудал давхар хөндөгдөж байдаг харилцаа юм. Үүнээс уламжлан “Иргэншил” хэмээх олон талт өргөн ойлголтод шашны хамаарах хүрээг тогтоож Монголчуудын соёл иргэншлийн аюулгүй байдал, Үндэсний аюулгүй байдлын тухай хууль, үзэл баримтлалаар хэрхэн зохицуулсан талаар хөндөн гаргахыг оролдлоо.
Түлхүүр үгc: Үндсэн хууль, Үндсэн хуулийн үзэл баримтлал, бүрэн эрхт байдал, Төрөөс шашны талаар баримтлах бодлого, Үндэсний аюулгүй байдал, соёл иргэншил, төрийн үүрэг.
Effect of plate configuration on resistance in mandibular angle fractures
Authors: Polat Mehmet Emrah , Ghahramanzadeh Asl Hojjat , Yanık Saim 
Published: June 2020

Aim: This in-vitro experimental study compared the biomechanical behaviors of three single-miniplate osteosynthesis configurations used in the treatment of mandibular angle fractures.
Methodology: Twenty-one synthetic polyurethane hemimandible replicas including the medullar and cortical portions were used in this study. The replicas were divided randomly into three groups (n = 5/group). Data from the three groups were compared using analysis of variance and the Tamhane T2 test. P values < 0.05 were considered to indicate significance. The replicas in all groups were fixed with 7-mm-long self-tapping screws and 2.0-mm four-hole miniplates in three different configurations external oblique, lateral angulus superior and lateral angulus inferior configuration.
Results: The replicas were tested on a servohydraulic apparatus, and the data were transmitted to a computer for analysis of peak displacement and peak force. Peak load and peak displacement did no differ significantly among the three groups..
Conclusion: This experimental study showed that the torsional forces resulting from the fixation of miniplates for the treatment of mandibular angle fracture did not differ among the three configurations tested.

How to cite this article: Polat ME, Ghahramanzadeh asl H, Yanık S. Effect of plate configuration on resistance in mandibular angle fractures. Int Dent Res 2020;10(1):6-11. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2020.vol10.no1.2

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Quantitative Analysis of the Anatomy of Mesial Roots of Mandibular First Molars with Vertucci Type I Root Canal Configuration by Means of Micro-Computed Tomography
Authors: Keleş Ali , Keskin Cangül 
Published: June 2020

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate root canal morphology of Vertucci type I root canal configuration detected in mesial roots of mandibular first molar teeth using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT).
Methodology: Micro-CT datasets of 269 specimens were evaluated for the detection of specimens with Vertucci type I root canal configuration for further analysis. Major and minor diameter, area, perimeter and roundness of root canal cross-sections at the beginning and midline of each root thirds were measured and recorded. The presence of apical delta, accessory canals, and deviation of major apical foramen from anatomical apex were investigated. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis, ANOVA-Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis H-Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.
Results: Vertucci type I canal configuration was present in the 4.46% of the specimens. The specimens often showed accessory root canals (50%) and apical deltas (41,6%). From the visual analysis of the 3D and 2D images, significant differences were detected among coronal, middle and apical thirds of the specimens regarding major and minor diameter, area, perimeter and roundness (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Three- and two-dimensional analyses of mesial roots with Vertucci type I canal configuration indicated that this type of configuration presents large buccolingual diameters with long oval shape and has isthmus at coronal and middle thirds. At the apical third the root canals often terminate in an oval cross sectional shape.

How to cite this article: Keles A, Keskin C. Quantitative analysis of the anatomy of mesial roots of mandibular first molars with Vertucci type I root canal configuration by means of micro-computed tomography. Int Dent Res 2020;10(1):17-21. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2020.vol10.no1.4

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Effect of Vancomycin Loading Doses on the Attainment of Target Trough Concentrations in Hospitalized Children
Authors: Dolan Ella , Hellinga Robert , London Matthew , Ryan Keenan , Dehority Walter 
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE Subtherapeutic vancomycin trough concentrations are common in children and may be associated with suboptimal therapeutic response. Our objective was to determine if vancomycin loading doses safely increase the frequency of target trough attainment in hospitalized children.METHODS Patients (≥6 months and &lt;18-years-old) who received a vancomycin loading dose between February 1, 2018, and January 30, 2019, were retrospectively enrolled. These patients were compared to a convenience cohort of patients hospitalized between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2015, who received vancomycin without a loading dose. Target trough concentrations were defined as &gt;15 mg/dL for invasive infections and &gt;10 mg/dL for non-invasive infections.RESULTS A total of 151 patients were enrolled, with 77 in the control arm and 74 in the loading dose arm. There was no significant difference in the frequency of comorbidities or need for intensive care unit admission between the two arms. Those receiving a vancomycin loading dose were older (mean age 9.1 vs 5.2 years, p &lt; 0.0001). Patients given a loading dose achieved higher mean initial trough values (13.0 mg/dL vs 9.2 mg/dL, p &lt; 0.0001), were more likely to have an initial trough at or above target (37.0% vs 10.4%, p = 0.0001), were more likely to reach target trough values at any point during therapy (52.1% vs 32.9%, p = 0.0081), and attained a target trough concentration more quickly (mean 41.1 hours vs 58.8 hours, p = 0.0118). There were no significant differences in the frequency of serum creatinine elevation or oliguria at the end of therapy.CONCLUSIONS Vancomycin loading doses may improve the ability to safely obtain target trough values in hospitalized children.
Use of Procalcitonin for Identification of Cobacterial Pneumonia in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Erixon Erica R. , Cunningham Kelli J. , Schlicher Allison N. , Dajud Maria V. , Ferguson Amy M. , Fondell Andrew W. , Hess Jennifer R. , Smith Hayden L. 
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the utility of procalcitonin (PCT) in identifying cobacterial pneumonia in pediatric patients with known viral respiratory infection.METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a stand-alone children's hospital during 2 time periods (period 1: October 1, 2014, to March 31, 2015; period 2: October 1, 2015, to March 31, 2016). Patients admitted with any upper respiratory tract infection were included. Exclusion criteria included any condition compromising lung function, age &lt;30 days or &gt;18 years, or lack of PCT (period 2). PCT values of &lt;0.5 ng/mL were considered normal, whereas values of &gt;1.5 ng/mL were used to identify cobacterial pneumonia. Receiver-operator characteristic curves were used with multiple logistic regression to evaluate patient variables.RESULTS Of the 374 pediatric patients evaluated, 64% were classified as having viral pneumonia and 23% as having cobacterial pneumonia across both study time periods. Non-significant predictors of cobacterial pneumonia included temperature (p = 0.0795, p = 0.1466), WBC count (p = 0.8774, p = 0.6675), and C-reactive protein (p = 0.7115, p = 0.3835). Median initial PCT for patients with viral pneumonia was 0.14 ng/mL compared with 1.41 ng/mL in patients with cobacterial pneumonia; median second PCTs were 0.26 ng/mL (viral pneumonia) and 4.55 ng/mL (cobacterial pneumonia). Patients with an elevated PCT had 17.5 times (95% CI, 5.2, 59.1) greater odds of having a cobacterial pneumonia.CONCLUSIONS PCT was found to be strongly associated with cobacterial pneumonia with an underlying viral etiology. Temperature, WBC, and C-reactive protein failed to be significant predictors in differentiating between viral and cobacterial pneumonia.
Livelihood Opportunities in Agri-Allied Sector for Rural Youth: A Case of Bargarh District in Odisha
Authors: Rout Dwity Sundar , Mishra Bishnupriya , Nandy Avisweta , Rath Suvangi 
Published: June 2020

There has been a lot of debate over employment and its opportunities in the recent times. With more number of reverse migrations occurring daily and lack of employment opportunities for the rural youth, there has been increasing concern about the entrepreneurial activities for rural youth and their involvement therein. However, for any agri-allied start-up, the opportunities and options available play a major role. Thus, a study was conducted on the livelihood opportunities available in agri-allied sector in Bargarh district of Odisha and to analyze the constraints faced by the respondents therein. The findings of the study revealed that majority of respondents (mean score=1.30) were engaged in vegetable vending business where as oil extraction unit (mean score=1.03) was least preferred. Dairy unit (mean score=1.19) in animal husbandry based inventories was preferred over others, engagement in forestry based inventories revealed collection of Mahua flower/fruit (mean score=1.09) was ranked first while Lac cultivation and processing ranked fourth (mean score=1.02). Major findings revealed that there was a need to overcome the constraints by access to agricultural implements and equipments at low price followed by availability of agricultural credit at proper time, correspondence of right information at right time by extension officers, conduction of extension activities viz, kisan mela, demonstration, exhibition, training, visits, training requirements on improved poultry farming, fish farming and livestock managements, facilitation of crop insurance, recommended information on seed and fertilizer at proper time, herbicides and pesticide in low price and provision of irrigation facility respectively. The study suggests that for effective participation of rural youth in native entrepreneurial activities, motivation is primarily required along with proper training and orientation about self employment programmes.
Heterostructures Built in Metal Hydrides for Advanced Hydrogen Storage Reversibility
Authors: Wang Yanran , Chen Xiaowei , Zhang Hongyu , Xia Guanglin , Sun Dalin , Yu Xuebin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHydrogen storage is a vital technology for developing on‐board hydrogen fuel cells. While Mg(BH4)2 is widely regarded as a promising hydrogen storage material owing to its extremely high gravimetric and volumetric capacity, its poor reversibility poses a major bottleneck inhibiting its practical applications. Herein, a facile strategy to effectively improve the reversible hydrogen storage performance of Mg(BH4)2 via building heterostructures uniformly inside MgH2 nanoparticles is reported. The in situ reaction between MgH2 nanoparticles and B2H6 not only forms homogeneous heterostructures with controllable particle size but also simultaneously decreases the particle size of the MgH2 nanoparticles inside, which effectively reduces the kinetic barrier that inhibits the reversible hydrogen storage in both Mg(BH4)2 and MgH2. More importantly, density functional theory coupled with ab initio molecular dynamics calculations clearly demonstrates that MgH2 in this heterostructure can act as a hydrogen pump, which drastically changes the enthalpy for the initial formation of BH bonds by breaking stable BB bonds from endothermic to exothermic and hence thermodynamically improves the reversibility of Mg(BH4)2. It is believed that building heterostructures provides a window of opportunity for discovering high‐performance hydrogen storage materials for on‐board applications.