bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accumulation of diazinon in Indian spinach under different doses of rice hull
Authors: Akhter Fahmida , Alam Didar Ul , Begum Monira , Alam Naushad 
Published: April 2020

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of diazinon pesticide on some chemical properties of soil and to evaluate the accumulation of diazinon in Indian spinach (Basilla alba) under different doses of rice hull. Diazinon application had a positive effect to reduce the electrical conductivity (EC) of soil. Values of pH were found to decrease with the addition of diazinon. Diazinon had no effect on soil organic matter content although addition of rice hull increased organic matter content in soil with time. Plant analysis showed that the application of rice hull restricted the uptake of diazinon and continuously decreased with time. Therefore, rice hull could be used to control the uptake of diazinon pesticide by short duration vegetable crops.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 26(2): 125-131, 2017 (July)
Larvicidal efficacy of the crude leaf extracts of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn (Myrtales: Myrtaceae) against the mosquito larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Khan Humayun Reza , Sultana Nigar , Sharmin Prova 
Published: April 2020

Eucalyptus camaldulensis was assayed to evaluate the larvicidal efficacy of its leaf extracts against the 3rd instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus at five dose concentrations (viz. 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0) in five solvents (viz. chloroform, ethanol, di-chloromethane, acetone and water) based extracts after 24 hrs exposure. Among all the extracts the shade dried chloroform based leaf extracts showed the highest larvicidal efficacy (viz. 42.67, 56.67, 68.0, 92.67 and 100%) at low dose concentrations of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25, respectively while the sun dried water based leaf extracts showed the lowest larvicidal efficacy (viz. 21.33, 30.67, 48.67, 58.0 and 74.0%) at high dose concentrations of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0, respectively among the ten different experimental conditions. The relative potency of ten types of crude leaf extracts of E. camaldulensis against the mosquito larvae are shown as follows in decreasing order on the basis of LC50 value : Shade dried chloroform based leaf extract (0.356 mg/ml) > sun dried chloroform based leaf extract (0.400 mg/ml) > shade dried di-chloromethane based leaf extract (0.411 mg/ml) > sun dried dichloromethane based leaf extract (0.579 mg/ml) > shade dried ethanol based leaf extract (0.736 mg/ml) > sun dried ethanol based leaf extract (0.817 mg/ml) > shade dried acetone based leaf extract (1.000 mg/ml) > sun dried acetone based leaf extract (1.251 mg/ml) > shade dried water based leaf extract (1.807 mg/ml) > Sun dried water based leaf extract (2.020 mg/ml).The effectiveness of the shade dried leaf extracts was shown higher than the sun dried leaf extracts under comparable condition. No mortality was observed in control treatment. The study revealed that these leaf extracts have the potency to consider as an effective larvicidal agent. It is an alternative source for developing a novel larvicide for controlling the mosquito species.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 27(2): 135-144, 2018 (July)
Anatomical responses of jute (Corchorus capsularis L. cv. D‐154) to waterlogging
Authors: Parvin Dilruba , Rashid Parveen , Karmoker JL 
Published: April 2020

The effect of waterlogging (about 2 cm depth for 14 days) on anatomical structure in jute (Corchorus capsularis L. cv. D-154) plants grown in sand culture experiment was studied. Waterlogging resulted in the development of adventitious root, aerenchyma in the cortex of the stem. It also caused a decrease in vascular area as well as size of the vessels having smaller cavity in the root, stem and leaves. Pith area was found to increase in stem under waterlogging condition. Reduced number and closed stomata were found under waterlogging condition.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 27(2): 213-219, 2018 (July)
Investigation of surface water quality of the Buriganga river in Bangladesh: Laboratory and spatial analysis approaches
Authors: Islam Mohammad Saiful , Afroz Romana , Mia Md Bodruddoza 
Published: April 2020

This work has been conducted to evaluate the water quality of the Buriganga river. In situ water quality parameters and water samples were collected from 10 locations in January 2016 and analyzed later in laboratory for water quality parameters such as pH, Eh, EC, TDS, cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2, As3+), anions (Cl-, HCO3-, NO2-, NO3-, SO42-, F-, Br-, PO43-), heavy metals (Cr2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Cd+2, Fe2+, Mn2+) to see whether or not the level of these parameters are within the permissible limits. The average values of pH, Eh, EC and temperature were 7.31, –214.9 mV, 928.9 μs/cm and 21.4°C, respectively; the average concentration of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and As3+ were 109.62, 13.38, 46.78, 13.98 and 0.018 mg/l, respectively, while the concentrations of Cl-,HCO3-, PO43-, SO42-, NO3-, NO2-, F and Br -were 79, 331.06, 2.22, 84.32, 0.0254, 0.058, 0.224 and 0.073 mg/l, respectively; and the concentration of heavy metals Pb2+, Zn2+, Fe2+ and Mn2+were 0.28, 0.053, 0.17 and 0.23 mg/l, respectively. The study indicates that most of the parameters are within the permissible limits set by Bangladesh water quality standard. The concentrations of K+, Mn2+, and Pb2+ were beyond the permissible limits meaning that that the water of Buriganga is not safe for drinking. The people living beside Buriganga river should be more cautious about using the polluted/contaminated river water. The concerned authorities should take urgent necessary steps to improve the degraded water quality of the river considering the ecological, environmental and economic implications associated with it.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 28(2): 147-158, 2019 (July)
Mycelial growth variation and compatibility of the selected isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker
Authors: Momtaz Mst Selina , Shamsi Shamim , Dey Tapan Kumar 
Published: April 2020

Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker is a phytopathogenic fungus, causal agent of leaf blight disease of wheat. This fungus is difficult to control because of its immense cultural, morphological, physiological, pathogenic and genetic variability. The aim of this investigation was to study the cultural variability of the selected isolates of B. sorokiniana by means of mycelial compatibility. One hundred fifty isolates of B. sorokiniana from eight districts (Dhaka, Gazipur, Dinajpur, Joypurhat, Pabna, Sirajgonj, Kushtia and Chuadanga) of Bangladesh were studied and cultural variation was characterized on the basis of colony color and texture on PDA medium. They were - Black-Mat (B-M), Black-Fluffy (B-F), Ash-Mat (A-M), Brownish Ash-Fluffy (Br. A-F), Blackish Ash-Mat (Bl.AM), Whitish Ash-Mat (W. A-M), Greenish Ash-Fluffy (G. A-F) and Pinkish White-Mat (P.W-M). To compare and understand cultural variability, mycelial compatibility test was done among the cultural groups. Results revealed that selected isolates of different cultural groups showed incompatible reaction. Incompatibility was also noticed between the isolates of same district and different districts.
Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 28(2): 195-209, 2019 (July)
Characterization of Pond Water Chemistry and Its Potability Status at South-West Coastal Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Saha SK , Rahman Aminur , Barai Krishna Rani 
Published: April 2020

Dacope Upazilla under Khulna district is one of the most affected safe water scarcity regions like any other part of southwest coastal region of Bangladesh. The demands for drinking and cooking water in the area are mostly met from rainwater harvesting and pond water. Pond water from different stations of Dacope Upazilla was analyzed for assessing the water chemistry, source rock evaluation and its potability status. Thirty one samples were collected by purposive sampling and analyzed following standard methods. The analysis reveals that the cations and anions of the ground water showed the order of abundance as Na+> Mg++>Ca++>K+ and Cl->SO4 -->HCO3 - , respectively. Source rock deduction suggests that the water is mostly carbonate weathering of sea water or brine intrusion. Piper diagram suggests that the water is in saline condition. Ionic ratios also justify the aforesaid relations. The chemical constituent of water is (Na++K+) and (Cl- +HCO3 -) type influenced by sea water, however, ponds are in transition zone influenced by tide. With reference to Bangladesh and WHO standards the research states that most pond water do not satisfy the potable quality, therefore management options need to be formulated for further exploitation.
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(2): 159-171, December 2018
HUBUNGAN MEROKOK DENGAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH MAHASISWA FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM AL-AZHAR TAHUN 2019
Authors: Wiatma Deny Sutrisna , Amin Muhlisin 
Published: April 2020

Latar Belakang :Rokok sangatlah berbahaya bagi kesehatan, salah satu kandungannya yakni nikotin telah diketahui dapat menjadi faktor resiko kejadian diabetes, nikotin dapat merusak sel β pankreas dan menghambat insulin. Tujuan :untuk mengetahui hubungan merokok dengan kadar glukosa darah mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Al-Azhar Mataram tahun 2019. Metode Penelitian : Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah 52 orang mahasiswa perokok aktif Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Al-Azhar periode 2015-2019, sampel diambil dengan teknik total sampling yakni jumlah sampel sama dengan jumlah populasi, dan menggunakan metode pre-eksperimental design dengan rancangan non equivalent control group, hasil pada penelitian ini selanjutnya di analisis dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil : Hasil yang didapatkan dari uji Chi-Squarediperoleh nilai signifikan dengan rerata kadar glukosa darah pretest dan posttest kelompok eksperimen adalah 107,73 mg/dL dan 112,65 mg/dL sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol adalah 123,27 mg/dL dan 112,40 mg/dL serta didapatkan p value 0,001 (P <0,05). Kesimpulan :Terdapat Hubungan yang Signifikan antara merokok dengan kadar glukosa darah.
UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum) TERHADAP BAKTERI (Staphylococcus Aureus)
Authors: Fahmi Yusril Ilham , Andriana Ana , Hidayati Diani Sri 
Published: April 2020

Mikroorganisme alami yang ada dalam tubuh manusia disebut mikroorganisme normal atau flora normal, namun dalam keadaan tertentu dapat bersifat patogen dan menimbulkan penyakit infeksi salah satunya Staphylococcus Aureus. Bakteri ini sering resisten terhadap berbagai jenis obat sehingga mempersulit pemilihan antimikroba yang sesuai untuk terapi. Bawang putih (Allium Sativum) mempunyai bahan aktif yaitu alicin, flavonoid, ajoene, minyak atsiri dan saponin yang mempunyai efek antimikroba. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak bawang putih (Allium Sativum) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian True Experiment dengan rancangan Posttest dengan Kelompok Kontrol (Posttest Only Control Group Design), menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 24 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bakteri Staphylococcus aureus yang diberi perlakuan ekstrak bawang putih (Allium Sativum) dengan konsentrasi 250 µg/mL, 500 µg/mL, 750 µg/mL, 1000 µg/mL, 2 kelompok kontrol terdiri dari kontrol positif ciprofloksasin dan kontrol negatif aquades steril. Daya hambat diperoleh berdasarkan pengukuran zona hambat dan data yang diperoleh dari analisis menggunakan uji One Way Anova. Hasil pengukuran zona hambatan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada masing-masing konsentrasi berturut turut adalah, konsentrasi 250 µg/mL sebesar 6.5 mm; 500 µg/mL,13.3 mm; 750 µg/mL, 15 mm dan 1000 µg/mL, 17.8 mm. Pada konsentrasi yang paling tinggi menghasilkan daerah zona hambat yang terlebar. Hasil uji One Way Anova diperoleh nilai signifikan yakni 0,008 lebih kecil dari p value: 0,05 sehingga dapat dinyatakan bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak bawang putih (Allium Sativum) dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus.
The personal calculus of moral reasoning and identity in global health professions work
Authors: Razack Saleem Idris 
Published: April 2020

In this personal essay, the author reflects on experiences in global health professions education projects, and the moral reasoning that might be required to define explicitly what constitutes ethical participation. Three interrelated notions are explored:The decision to engage or not through a discussion of the concepts of safety, understanding power dynamics, and analysis of personal and institutional motivations for the projectThe ultimate goals to promote human flourishing and improve equity, through attention to local inequities potentially experienced by either participants or colleagues from home.Attention to the personal transformative potential of participation in global health professions projects.A framework for exploring moral reasoning in global health professions education work using these three concepts is presented as one that the author has found helpful in his own work in global health professions education.
Analisis Materi Ajar Konsep Laju Reaksi Pada Buku Teks Kimia SMA/MA
Authors: Sakti Sakti , Fatah Abdul Hadjranul , Anggraeni Maya Erliza 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan kesesuaian konsep laju reaksi pada materi ajar kimia SMA/MA kelas XI terhadap kurikulum 2013, (2) mendeskripsikan struktur makro dalam materi ajar kimia SMA/MA kelas XI pada konsep laju reaksi, dan (3) mendeskripsikan proposisi apa saja yang berpotensi kesalahan konsep yang terdapat dalam materi ajar kimia SMA/MA kelas XI pada konsep laju reaksi. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Objek penelitian ini yaitu: (1) Buku teks kimia SMA/MA kelas XI. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Susunan makro wacana laju reaksi pada buku teks A pembahasan konsep dimensi elaborasi mencapai level 4 dan dimensi progresi terdapat 4 konsep pada level 2. Susunan makro wacana laju reaksi pada buku teks B pembahasan konsep dimensi elaborasi mencapai level 4 dan dimensi progresi terdapat 5 konsep pada level 2. Proposisi yang berpotensi kesalahan konsep pada buku teks A yaitu penjelasan katalis dan tetapan laju reaksi. Proposisi yang berpotensi kesalahan konsep pada buku teks B yaitu pada rumus molaritas, penulisan koefisien reaksi, penjelasan pengaruh luas permukaan, penjelasan grafik orde reaksi 0, orde reaksi 1, orde reaksi 2, orde reaksi -2, dan orde reaksi ½.
Analisis Materi Struktur Atom Pada Buku Teks Kimia Kelas X SMA/MA
Authors: Pratiwi Syahra Ayu , Fatah Abdul Hadjranul , Syarpin Syarpin 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Kualitatif. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deksriptif. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tabel identifikasi label konsep dan jenis representasi, tabel identifikasi kesesuaian label konsep dengan silabus, model struktur makro wacana, dan tabel kriteria representasi kimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa label konsep yang terdapat pada buku A sebanyak 27 label konsep dan memiliki 50 jenis representasi yang terbagi dalam tipologi makroskopik, submikroskopik, simbolik. Label konsep yang terdapat pada buku B sebanyak 32 label konsep dengan 68 jenis representasi yang terbagi dalam tipologi makroskopik, submikroskopik, dan simbolik. Kesesuaian label konsep buku teks A dan buku teks B terhadap silabus kimia kuriukulum 2013 terdapat 31 label konsep yang sesuai dengan silabus kimia K-13. Struktur makro buku A mencapai level 7 dimensi elaborasi, dan buku B mencapai level 7 dimensi elaborasi. Kriteria representasi kimia konsep struktur atom pada buku A terdapat 21 representasi, dan pada buku B terdapat 26 representasi.
Hope in Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure
Authors: Rustøen Tone , Howie Jill , Eidsmo Ingrid , Moum Torbjørn 
Published: April 2020

• Background Hope is seldom described in patients with heart failure, despite high morbidity and mortality for this population.• Objectives To describe hope in hospitalized patients with heart failure and to evaluate influences of demographic and health-related variables on hope.• Methods Ninety-three patients with heart failure and 441 healthy control subjects completed questionnaires about sociodemographics, health indices, disease severity, and the Herth Hope Index.• Results The patients with heart failure had a mean age of 75 years; 65% were men, and 47% lived alone. Lung diseases and diabetes were the most common comorbid diseases, with 58% classified as New York Heart Association class III. The mean global hope score among patients with heart failure was 37.69 (SD 5.3). Patients with skin (P = .01) and psychiatric (P = .02) disorders reported lower hope scores. Number of comorbid diseases was the only predictor of hope related to disease-specific variables (P = .01). Mean age of the control subjects was 60 years, and 66 (15%) lived alone. Once demographic variables were controlled for, patients with heart failure had significantly higher global hope scores than did control subjects.• Conclusions Adaptation to a life-threatening illness may induce a “response shift” that causes such patients to have more hope than the general population. Patients with heart failure may be more concerned with the past than the future. How patients judge their health and satisfaction with life influences their hope. Interventions supporting hope in patients with heart failure may influence treatment goals.
SICOPOLIS-AD v1: an open-source adjoint modeling framework for ice sheet simulation enabled by the algorithmic differentiation tool OpenAD
Authors: Logan Liz C. , Narayanan Sri Hari Krishna , Greve Ralf , Heimbach Patrick 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. We present a new capability of the ice sheet model SICOPOLIS that enables flexible adjoint code generation via source transformation using the open-source algorithmic differentiation (AD) tool OpenAD.
The adjoint code enables efficient calculation of the sensitivities of a scalar-valued objective function or quantity of interest (QoI) to a range of important, often spatially varying and uncertain model input variables, including initial and boundary conditions, as well as model parameters.
Compared to earlier work on the adjoint code generation of SICOPOLIS, our work makes several important advances:
(i) it is embedded within the up-to-date trunk of the SICOPOLIS repository – accounting for 1.5 decades of code development and improvements – and is readily available to the wider community;
(ii) the AD tool used, OpenAD, is an open-source tool;
(iii) the adjoint code developed is applicable to both Greenland and Antarctica, including grounded ice as well as floating ice shelves, with an extended choice of thermodynamical representations.
A number of code refactorization steps were required. They are discussed in detail in an Appendix as they hold lessons for the application of AD to legacy codes at large.
As an example application, we examine the sensitivity of the total Antarctic Ice Sheet volume to changes in initial ice thickness, austral summer precipitation, and basal and surface temperatures across the ice sheet.
Simulations of Antarctica with floating ice shelves show that over 100 years of simulation the sensitivity of total ice sheet volume to the initial ice thickness and precipitation is almost uniformly positive, while the sensitivities to surface and basal temperature are almost uniformly negative. Sensitivity to austral summer precipitation is largest on floating ice shelves from Queen Maud to Queen Mary Land. The largest sensitivity to initial ice thickness is at outlet glaciers around Antarctica. Comparison between total ice sheet volume sensitivities to surface and basal temperature shows that surface temperature sensitivities are higher broadly across the floating ice shelves, while basal temperature sensitivities are highest at the grounding lines of floating ice shelves and outlet glaciers. A uniformly perturbed region of East Antarctica reveals that, among the four control variables tested here, total ice sheet volume is the most sensitive to variations in austral summer precipitation as formulated in SICOPOLIS.
Comparison between adjoint- and finite-difference-derived sensitivities shows good agreement, lending confidence that the AD tool is producing correct adjoint code.
The new modeling infrastructure is freely available at http://www.sicopolis.net (last access: 2 April 2020) under the development trunk.
Gender Differences in Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Guo Yaya , Bai YanPing , Gao Yan , Wang Chenxia , Wang Zhilu 
Published: April 2020

With the increasing incidence of coronary artery disease, the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become one of the most effective treatments for coronary artery disease. After more than 40 years of clinical application, development and research, and continuous improvement, it has been widely used around the world. In recent years, due to the continuous innovation of drug-eluting stents, equipment, drugs, and interventional technology, the indications for treatment have been continuously broadened, many heart centers can deal with complete revascularization for high-risk indicated patient session, and the efficacy has been further improved. However, studies have shown that there are gender differences in the clinical prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention, which are affected by many related risk factors of gender differences, but there is lack of systematic and comprehensive review of relevant factors. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the possible causes of gender differences in the clinical outcomes of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention and to put forward recommendations for primary prevention and secondary prevention.
Surface Topography and Electrical Signaling: Single and Synergistic Effects on Neural Differentiation of Stem Cells
Authors: Eftekhari Behnaz Sadat , Eskandari Mahnaz , Janmey Paul A. , Samadikuchaksaraei Ali , Gholipourmalekabadi Mazaher 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIncomplete regeneration and restoration of function in damaged nerves is a major clinical challenge. In this regard, stem cells hold much promise in nerve tissue engineering, with advantages such as prevention of scar‐tissue ingrowth and guidance of axonal regrowth. Engineering 3D and patterned microenvironments using biomaterials with chemical and mechanical characteristics close to those of normal nervous tissue has enabled new approaches for guided differentiation of various stem cells toward neural cells and possible treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. Differentiation of stem cells in a neurogenic lineage is largely affected by signals from the surrounding microenvironment (niche). The stem cell niche refers to a specific microenvironment around the stem cells, which provides specific biochemical (soluble factors) and biophysical signals (topography, electrical, and mechanical). This specified niche regulates the stem cells' behavior and fate. While the role of chemical cues in neural differentiation is well appreciated, recently, the cues presented by the physical microenvironment are increasingly documented to be important regulators of nerve cell differentiation. The single and synergistic effects of surface topography and electrical signals on neural differentiation of stem cells are reviewed.