bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dried Biomass of Arthrospira platensis Inhibits Growth of Aureobasidium pullulans LW14 and Some Bacteria When Added to Unpasteurised Apple Juice
Authors: Wajda Łukasz , Rękas Zuzanna , Tarko Tomasz , Duda-Chodak Aleksandra , Liebersbach Aleksandra , Makarewicz Małgorzata 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe main goal was to evaluate if dried cyanobacterium (Arthrospira platensis) biomass added to unpasteurised apple juice could inhibit growth of fungi dominant in apples and which fraction of cyanobacterium biomass contributed to this phenomenon. A. platensis biomass, its protein and/or polysaccharide fraction were added to the sterilised apple juice inoculated with Aureobasidium pullulans LW14 and stored at 4 °C for 96 h. Samples were tested against number of fungi and selected physical–chemical parameters. In the last research stage, protein fraction was added to the unpasteurised apple juice inoculated with A. pullulans LW14 to test its potency against fungi, lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria. When A. platensis biomass was added to the sterilised apple juice (1.15% w/v), it effectively inhibited growth of A. pullulans LW14 and the metabolism of all analysed sugars (glucose, sucrose and fructose). Protein fraction added to the sterilised apple juice contributed significantly to mycostatic properties of A. platensis. When protein fraction was added to unpasteurised apple juice, the same conclusions were obtained, however, except for inhibiting growth of A. platensis LW14, it inhibited growth of some bacteria.
Alleviation of drought stress by melatonin foliar treatment on two flax varieties under sandy soil
Authors: Sadak Mervat Shamoon , Bakry Bakry Ahmed 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe role of melatonin treatments on improving plant tolerance against drought stress is clear, while its special role and influences are poorly investigated. Thus, the effect of external treatment with different concentrations (2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 mM) of melatonin on two varieties of flax plant (Letwania-9 and Sakha-2) growth, some biochemical aspects and yield under normal [100% water irrigation requirements (WIR)] and drought stress conditions (75% and 50% WIR) in sandy soil were investigated in this study. Drought stress decreased significantly different growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, yield and yield components of the two studied flax varieties. While, it increased significantly phenolic contents, total soluble sugars (TSS), proline and free amino acids as well as some antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase). Meanwhile, external treatment of melatonin (2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 mM) increased significantly different growth and yield parameters as well as the studied biochemical and physiological aspects under 100% WIR. Also, melatonin treatment could alleviate the adverse effects of drought stress and increased significantly growth parameters, yield and quality of the two varieties of flax plant via improving photosynthetic pigments, indole acetic acid, phenolic, TSS, proline free amino acids contents and antioxidant enzyme systems, as compared with their corresponding untreated controls. Foliar treatment of 5.0 mM melatonin showed the greatest growth, the studied biochemical aspects and yield quantity and quality of Letwania-9 and Sakha-2 varieties of flax plants either at normal irrigation or under stress conditions. Finally we can conclude that, melatonin treatment improved and alleviated the reduced effect of drought stress on growth and yield of two flax varieties through enhancing photosynthetic pigment, osmoptrotectants and antioxidant enzyme systems. 5 mM was the most effective concentration.
The influence of moisture content on coal deformation and coal permeability during coalbed methane (CBM) production in wet reservoirs
Authors: Talapatra Akash , Karim Md. Mostafijul 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMoisture adsorption in the coal seams affects the gas adsorption capacity and can alter the coal deformation and permeability criteria of the coal seam. The effect of dynamic loss of moisture content, both on moisture and gas sorption-induced coal swelling/shrinkage strains, during the coalbed methane (CBM) production, is crucial. This study investigates the interactions among coal matrix, absorbed gas, and moisture content, based on the coal swelling/shrinkage strains and gas adsorption decay criteria. Consequently, a mathematical model of the coal deformation is developed for the proper evaluation of the moisture effect. For developing the model, this paper considers the standard gas flow and moisture loss equations to assess the volumetric content, equilibrium pressure, and density of the moisture. Finally, it comprehensively analyzes the sensitive factors and effects of elemental parameters of moisture content on coal deformation and coal permeability. The results show that moisture content at adsorbed state significantly changes the coal swelling/shrinkage strain and that distorted swelling and shrinkage characteristics can promote the permeability alternation in wet coal reservoirs. Moreover, the intermolecular attraction between the coal structure and the moisture content has a significant effect on methane adsorption/desorption-induced deformation in coal structure. This study also designs the coal deformation strains as a function of moisture content by the Langmuir type model and evaluates the hysteresis rate between the swelling and shrinkage characteristics. The findings of this paper can characterize a wet coal reserve for CBM production and anticipate future production under different operating conditions.
Experimental studies of CO2-brine-rock interaction effects on permeability alteration during CO2-EOR
Authors: Okhovat Mohammad Reza , Hassani Kamran , Rostami Behzad , Khosravi Maryam 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration through CO2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in oil reservoirs is one way to reduce this gas in the atmosphere. Undesirable chemical reactions that occur during these operations can affect the reservoir structure and characteristics. In this study, the effect of CO2-water-rock interaction on the rock permeability alteration and final oil recovery has been evaluated experimentally during CO2 injection into a carbonate rock. The effect of flow rate, displacement type and pressure were investigated during CO2 EOR injection. Different scenarios of miscible/immiscible displacement, secondary/tertiary recovery has been evaluated for different levels of connate water salinity and injection rate. The results show that the severity of damage is directly related to the injection rate, however change in displacement type from miscible to immiscible reduce the intensity of chemical reactions in porous medium. Moreover, in the tertiary CO2 injection, the chemical reactions become more severe due to the higher water saturations. Interestingly, this growth in the level of chemical reactions has a negligible impact on permeability reduction, since the major volume of possible reactions occurs in coarse and high permeable pores. Results reveal that damage is more intense in the case of more saline water.
Use of an Integrated Pan-Cancer Oncology Enrichment Next-Generation Sequencing Assay to Measure Tumour Mutational Burden and Detect Clinically Actionable Variants
Authors: Pestinger Valerie , Smith Matthew , Sillo Toju , Findlay John M. , Laes Jean-Francois , Martin Gerald , Middleton Gary , Taniere Phillipe , Beggs Andrew D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe identification of tumour mutational burden (TMB) as a biomarker of response to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy has necessitated the development of genomic assays to measure this. We carried out comprehensive molecular profiling of cancers using the Illumina TruSight Oncology 500 (TSO500) panel and compared these to whole-genome sequencing (WGS).MethodsCancer samples derived from formalin-fixed material were profiled on the TSO500 panel, sequenced on an Illumina NextSeq 500 instrument and processed through the TSO500 Docker pipeline. Either FASTQ files (PierianDx) or vcf files (OncoKDM) were processed to understand clinical actionability.ResultsIn total, 108 samples (a mixture of colorectal, lung, oesophageal and control samples) were processed via the DNA panel. There was good correlation between TMB, single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), indels and copy-number variations as predicted by TSO500 and WGS (R2 > 0.9) and good reproducibility, with less than 5% variability between repeated controls. For the RNA panel, 13 samples were processed, with all known fusions observed via orthogonal techniques. For clinical actionability, 72 tier 1 variants and 297 tier 2 variants were detected, with clinical trials identified for all patients.ConclusionsThe TSO500 assay accurately measures TMB, microsatellite instability, SNVs, indels, copy-number/structural variation and gene fusions when compared to WGS and orthogonal technologies. Coupled with a clinical annotation pipeline, this provides a powerful methodology for identification of clinically actionable variants.
Frailty, walking ability and self-rated health in predicting institutionalization: an 18-year follow-up study among Finnish community-dwelling older people
Authors: Viljanen Anna , Salminen Marika , Irjala Kerttu , Korhonen Päivi , Wuorela Maarit , Isoaho Raimo , Kivelä Sirkka-Liisa , Vahlberg Tero , Viitanen Matti , Löppönen Minna , Viikari Laura 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn clinical practice, there is a need for an instrument to screen older people at risk of institutionalization.AimsTo analyze the association of frailty, walking-ability and self-rated health (SRH) with institutionalization in Finnish community-dwelling older people.MethodsIn this prospective study with 10- and 18-year follow-ups, frailty was assessed using FRAIL Scale (FS) (n = 1087), Frailty Index (FI) (n = 1061) and PRISMA-7 (n = 1055). Walking ability was assessed as self-reported ability to walk 400 m (n = 1101). SRH was assessed by a question of general SRH (n = 1105). Cox regression model was used to analyze the association of the explanatory variables with institutionalization.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 73.0 (range 64.0‒97.0) years. Prevalence of institutionalization was 40.8%. In unadjusted models, frailty was associated with a higher risk of institutionalization by FS in 10-year follow-up, and FI in both follow-ups. Associations by FI persisted after age- and gender-adjustments in both follow-ups. By PRISMA-7, frailty predicted a higher risk of institutionalization in both follow-ups. In unadjusted models, inability to walk 400 m predicted a higher risk of institutionalization in both follow-ups and after adjustments in 10-year follow-up. Poor SRH predicted a higher risk of institutionalization in unadjusted models in both follow-ups and after adjustments in 10-year follow-up.DiscussionSimple self-reported items of walking ability and SRH seemed to be comparable with frailty indexes in predicting institutionalization among community-dwelling older people in 10-year follow-up.ConclusionsIn clinical practice, self-reported walking ability and SRH could be used to screen those at risk.
Comparison of Changing Population Exposure to Droughts in River Basins of the Tarim and the Indus
Authors: Wang Anqian , Wang Yanjun , Su Buda , Kundzewicz Zbigniew W. , Tao Hui , Wen Shanshan , Qin Jiancheng , Gong Yu , Jiang Tong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDroughts are major, large‐scale, weather‐driven natural disasters, on the rise in the changing climate. We project changing population exposure to drought in two vulnerable, adjacent, basins of large rivers, the Tarim River Basin (TRB) and the Indus River Basin (IRB), for the future horizon 2021–2065. Drought events are assessed based on the outputs of multiple Global Climate Models, by applying the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and the Intensity‐Area‐Duration method (IAD). Future population exposure to droughts is evaluated by combining the drought events under three RCP scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5) with the projected population from Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs), acknowledging the recent two‐child policy in China. Results show that frequency of drought events in both river basins could increase in the future, while increase in the TRB is stronger than in the IRB. The areal coverage of drought events in both river basins is projected to be greater in 2021–2065 than in 1961–2005. Increase of frequency and areal coverage in both basins is especially strong for the class of extreme drought events. According to the ensemble mean of multi‐GCMs, population exposure to droughts was 25.0% and 20.9% of the total population in the TRB and the IRB, respectively, in 1961–2005, and it is projected to increase by over 60% for the TRB and to increase by over 30% for the IRB, in 2021–2065.
Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange by Bi20TiO32–montmorillonite composite
Authors: Xiang Haichun , Tuo Biyang , Song Xiang 
Published: April 2020

To solve the problem of methyl orange (MO) dye wastewater pollution, TiO2–montmorillonite composite (TiO2–MMT) and Bi20TiO32–montmorillonite composite (Bi20TiO32–MMT) were synthesised by the sol–gel method, and they were used for photocatalytic degradation of MO solution. The results showed that TiO2 in TiO2–MMT existed as the anatase type, and Bi20TiO32 in Bi20TiO32–MMT existed as the tetragonal crystal type. When the dosage of the composite was 0.50 g/l, the initial concentration of the MO solution was 20 mg/l, and the pH was 3, the decolourisation rate of MO solution using TiO2–MMT treating was 87.11%, and it reached 98.50% after Bi20TiO32–MMT treating. When Bi20TiO32–MMT was reused four times, the decolourisation rate of the MO solution was only reduced by 3.5%. The photocatalytic degradation between MO solution and Bi20TiO32–MMT complied with the pseudo‐first‐order kinetic equation. Holes and superoxide radicals interacted directly with MO during photocatalytic degradation, which reduced the probability of hole–electron recombination, and improved the photocatalytic degradation property of Bi20TiO32–MMT. Bi20TiO32–MMT has excellent stability property, which makes it a good composite in the treatment of dye wastewater.
Facile route for porous N,S co‐doped TiO2 nanoparticles for visible light‐driven photocatalysis
Authors: Ouyang Weimin , Ji Yajun 
Published: April 2020

Herein, porous N,S co‐doped TiO2 nanoparticle (N,S‐TiO2) with the high specific surface area were successfully obtained by a simple oil bath reaction and annealing post‐treatment. Especially, abundant nitrogen and sulphur elements were co‐doped into the resulted TiO2 nanoparticles, which greatly improved the visible light absorption ability of the material. The obtained products were characterised by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectra and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. In addition, the obtained N,S‐TiO2 exhibited superior tetracycline photocatalytic degradation activity, which can reach 84.9% within 60 min under irradiation of visible light and preserved excellent stability even after five recycles. Furthermore, the possible formation process of N,S‐TiO2 was discussed. In brief, the obtained N,S‐TiO2 can be used as a potential candidate for visible light‐driven photocatalysis.
Anteriore Uveitis: Klinik, diagnostisches Vorgehen und Behandlungsoptionen
Authors: Pleyer Uwe , Pohlmann Dominika , Rademacher Judith 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungDie anteriore Uveitis umfasst eine Entzündung der Iris und/oder des Ziliarkörpers und ist die häufigste Form der intraokularen Entzündung in der augenärztlichen Praxis. Anamnese und (Leit-)Befunde bei der Spaltlampenuntersuchung bieten oft bereits wichtige Hinweise zur Pathogenese und damit zur weiteren diagnostischen Abklärung und Therapie.
Introduction
Authors: Gvozdanović Jadranka 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This introduction discusses the construal of temporal categories, their connection with spatial categories and general principles of the patterning of time in language. Transfers between categories and up language hierarchies are frequent types of change. It is shown how aspect may either lose or increase some of its functional load, and how tenses may develop from aspects, or extend into modal domains. General tendencies (such as developments from spatial to temporal categories) and systemic constraints are discussed in relation to the papers in this volume with additional Indo-European examples.
Prediction Model of Red Tides in Fujian Sea Area Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Wang Jingyan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper presented a new model of the red tide in Fujian Province by BP neural network (BPNN) based on five sets of marine condition data between 2015 to 2019. Data cleansing and normalization were applied before the training. The 12-fold cross-validation reduced the shortage of data. As a result, this model could get a related correct prediction of red tide in this particular area.
The Communication Network Scheme Based on EPON and Industrial Ethernet Technology for Smart Distribution Network
Authors: Zhang Hongmei , Huo Xiaoliang , Cheng Nan , Zhang Ji , Xie Yantao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In order to meet the demand of security zone and reliable transmission for the business in smart distribution network, this paper proposes a communication network scheme based on EPON and industrial Ethernet technology on the basis of analysis for business requirements. The scheme using the advantage of EPON and industrial Ethernet technology, transmits different partitions business on distribution network. The analysis shows that the scheme can improve the reliability of transmission while guaranteeing the business security. It has reference value for the planning construction of smart distribution network.
PS-HOMO: A Protection Scheme for iOS SMS
Authors: Zhou Guomiao , Wu Qianqiong , Duan Ming , Xi Qi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
iOS Short Message Service (SMS) transmits messages in plaintext, which would lead to potential security threats of data. It is meaningful to design a safe and effective SMS. In this paper, all iOS Security Guides are referred to and all the cryptographic algorithms in iOS data protection are analyzed. Because there is no homomorphic encryption, a library of homomorphic encryption algorithms for iOS based on RSA and Paillier is developed. Using this library, a protection scheme PS-HOMO for protecting iOS SMS data is proposed and implemented. Under the premise of ensuring the data confidentiality, PS-HOMO also has the function of ciphertext operation due to the multiplicative homomorphism of RSA and additive homomorphism of Paillier. A comprehensive performance test was performed on PS-HOMO. The results show that the performance is in line with our expectations and will not have a major impact on the original system. The security of PS-HOMO is theoretically analyzed from man-in-the-middle attack, replay attack, and traffic analysis attack. Two application scenarios of the PS-HOMO, remote anonymous voting and privacy telemedicine service are envisaged. We hope PS-HOMO would play a significant role in privacy protection.
Research on multimedia technology of physical education classroom combined with computer platform
Authors: Zhao Xiuqiang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
With the rapid development of the economy, the development of information technology is also relatively rapid, and informational teaching is being valued by more and more educators. The organic combination of information technology and classroom teaching can not only stimulate students’ interest in learning, but also improve students’ learning efficiency, thus enhancing the quality of teaching. Therefore, teachers should enhance the concept of high technology when teaching, and combine information technology with teaching methods. This paper mainly analyzes the application status and existing problems of information technology in physical education classroom, and discusses the application strategies of information technology in physical education, so that people can raise awareness of information technology.
Research on the influence of hidden layers on the prediction accuracy of GA-BP neural network
Authors: Xing Yuhua , Li Fanfei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In order to improve the prediction accuracy of GA-BP neural network, the effect of hidden layer neurons number on the prediction accuracy of algorithm was considered and an improved GA-BP neural network was proposed. Taking 60 equipment maintenance time of a photovoltaic charging station as the specimens, the high prediction accuracy of improved GA-BP neural network has been proved. Results indicate that the GA-BP neural network has the highest prediction accuracy when the number of hidden layer neurons is 5. The average relative error of improved GA-BP neural network between the predicted values and the expected values is 6.1%, decreasing 57% compared with BP neural network. The prediction accuracy of improved GA-BP neural network is much higher than that of BP neural network, and the predicted time can provide a basis for personnel scheduling.
Test Platform for Intelligent Internet of Vehicles Video Exchange System
Authors: Jiao Qingchun , Zhan Deyou 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Intelligent Internet of Vehicles is the hot spot of current traffic industry, Video information as a very important part of multidimensional perception, is widely used in vehicle-vehicle interconnection, vehicle-road interconnection and vehicle-management platform interconnection. Because there are obvious differences in the efficiency level between different methods and devices in specific operation, relevant video exchange testing and verification become necessary. This paper presents a test platform and method for video information exchange in Intelligent Internet of Vehicles.Through this platform, a combination of subjective evaluation of video streams and objective testing of transmission network is used to test the availability of the test platform for video exchange on the Internet of Vehicles.
Passenger Flow Prediction based on Recurrent Neural Networks and Wavelet Transform
Authors: Huang Jing , Shao Fubo , Yang Shuguo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
It is a great significance for the accurate and real-time prediction of passenger flow in rail transit operation. In the process of passenger flow prediction, the new method of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) can well solve the problems of randomness and nonlinearity which can not be solved by the existed linear models. In this paper, the long short-term memory (LSTM) and the gated recurrent unit (GRU) networks, which are methods of RNNs, are employed to predict the dayparting passenger flow and the raw passenger flow data is denoised by the wavelet transform. Experimental results show that LSTM and GRU networks can well predict the passenger flow. And compared to LSTM, GRU is better for passenger flow prediction.