bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hetero-integration enables fast switching time-of-flight sensors for light detection and ranging
Authors: Park Minseong , Baek Yongmin , Dinare Mesgana , Lee Doeon , Park Kyung-Ho , Ahn Jungho , Kim Dahee , Medina Joseff , Choi Won-Jin , Kim Sihwan , Zhou Changjie , Heo Junseok , Lee Kyusang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe time-of-flight (ToF) principle is a method used to measure distance and construct three-dimensional (3D) images by detecting the time or the phase difference between emitted and back-reflected optical flux. The ToF principle has been employed for various applications including light ranging and detection (LiDAR), machine vision and biomedical engineering; however, bulky system size and slow switching speed have hindered the widespread application of ToF technology. To alleviate these issues, a demonstration of hetero-integration of GaN-based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) and GaAs-based vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) on a single platform via a cold-welding method was performed. The hetero-integrated ToF sensors show superior switching performance when compared to silicon-transistor-based systems, miniaturizing size and exhibiting stable ranging and high-resolution depth-imaging. This hetero-integrated system of dissimilar material-based high-performance devices suggests a new pathway towards enabling high-resolution 3D imaging and inspires broader range application of heterogeneously integrated electronics and optoelectronics.
Evoked and spontaneous pain assessment during tooth pulp injury
Authors: Rossi Heather Lynn , See Lily Pachanin , Foster William , Pitake Saumitra , Gibbs Jennifer , Schmidt Brian , Mitchell Claire H. , Abdus-Saboor Ishmail 
Published: February 2020

AbstractInjury of the tooth pulp is excruciatingly painful and yet the receptors and neural circuit mechanisms that transmit this form of pain remain poorly defined in both the clinic and preclinical rodent models. Easily quantifiable behavioral assessment in the mouse orofacial area remains a major bottleneck in uncovering molecular mechanisms that govern inflammatory pain in the tooth. In this study we sought to address this problem using the Mouse Grimace Scale and a novel approach to the application of mechanical Von Frey hair stimuli. We use a dental pulp injury model that exposes the pulp to the outside environment, a procedure we have previously shown produces inflammation. Using RNAscope technology, we demonstrate an upregulation of genes that contribute to the pain state in the trigeminal ganglia of injured mice. We found that mice with dental pulp injury have greater Mouse Grimace Scores than sham within 24 hours of injury, suggestive of spontaneous pain. We developed a scoring system of mouse refusal to determine thresholds for mechanical stimulation of the face with Von Frey filaments. This method revealed that mice with a unilateral dental injury develop bilateral mechanical allodynia that is delayed relative to the onset of spontaneous pain. This work demonstrates that tooth pain can be quantified in freely behaving mice using approaches common for other types of pain assessment. Harnessing these assays in the orofacial area during gene manipulation should assist in uncovering mechanisms for tooth pulp inflammatory pain and other forms of trigeminal pain.
Interactions of graphene oxide and graphene nanoplatelets with the in vitro Caco-2/HT29 model of intestinal barrier
Authors: Domenech Josefa , Hernández Alba , Demir Esref , Marcos Ricard , Cortés Constanza 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCarbon-based nanomaterials are being increasingly used, demanding strong information to support their safety in terms of human health. As ingestion is one of the most important exposure routes in humans, we have determined their potential risk by using an in vitro model simulating the human intestinal barrier and evaluated the effects of both graphene oxide (GO) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). A coculture of differentiated Caco-2/HT29 cells presenting inherent intestinal epithelium characteristics (i.e. mucus secretion, brush border, tight junctions, etc.) were treated with GO or GNPs for 24 h. Different endpoints such as viability, membrane integrity, NPs localization, cytokines secretion, and genotoxic damage were evaluated to have a wide view of their potentially harmful effects. No cytotoxic effects were observed in the cells that constitute the barrier model. In the same way, no adverse effects were detected neither in the integrity of the barrier (TEER) nor in its permeability (LY). Nevertheless, a different bio-adhesion and biodistribution behavior was observed for GO and GNPs by confocal microscopy analysis, with a more relevant uptake of GNPs. No oxidative damage induction was detected, either by the DCFH-DA assay or the FPG enzyme in the comet assay. Conversely, both GO and GNPs were able to induce DNA breaks, as observed in the comet assay. Finally, low levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines were detected, suggesting a weak anti-inflammatory response. Our results show the moderate/severe risk posed by GO/GNPs exposures, given the observed genotoxic effects, suggesting that more extensive genotoxic evaluations must be done to properly assess the genotoxic hazard of these nanomaterials.
Indicators of retention in remote digital health studies: a cross-study evaluation of 100,000 participants
Authors: Pratap Abhishek , Neto Elias Chaibub , Snyder Phil , Stepnowsky Carl , Elhadad Noémie , Grant Daniel , Mohebbi Matthew H. , Mooney Sean , Suver Christine , Wilbanks John , Mangravite Lara , Heagerty Patrick J. , Areán Pat , Omberg Larsson 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDigital technologies such as smartphones are transforming the way scientists conduct biomedical research. Several remotely conducted studies have recruited thousands of participants over a span of a few months allowing researchers to collect real-world data at scale and at a fraction of the cost of traditional research. Unfortunately, remote studies have been hampered by substantial participant attrition, calling into question the representativeness of the collected data including generalizability of outcomes. We report the findings regarding recruitment and retention from eight remote digital health studies conducted between 2014–2019 that provided individual-level study-app usage data from more than 100,000 participants completing nearly 3.5 million remote health evaluations over cumulative participation of 850,000 days. Median participant retention across eight studies varied widely from 2–26 days (median across all studies = 5.5 days). Survival analysis revealed several factors significantly associated with increase in participant retention time, including (i) referral by a clinician to the study (increase of 40 days in median retention time); (ii) compensation for participation (increase of 22 days, 1 study); (iii) having the clinical condition of interest in the study (increase of 7 days compared with controls); and (iv) older age (increase of 4 days). Additionally, four distinct patterns of daily app usage behavior were identified by unsupervised clustering, which were also associated with participant demographics. Most studies were not able to recruit a sample that was representative of the race/ethnicity or geographical diversity of the US. Together these findings can help inform recruitment and retention strategies to enable equitable participation of populations in future digital health research.
MiR-203a-3p regulates TGF-β1-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in asthma by regulating Smad3 pathway through SIX1
Authors: Fan Qi , Jian Yu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic airway disease with increasing prevalence. MicroRNAs act as vital regulators in cell progressions and have been identified to play crucial roles in asthma. The objective of the present study is to clarify the molecular mechanism of miR-203a-3p in the development of asthma. The expression of miR-203a-3p and Sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX1) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein levels of SIX1, fibronectin, E-cadherin, vimentin, phosphorylated-drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic 3 (p-Smad3) and Smad3 were measured by Western blot. The interaction between miR-203a-3p and SIX1 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. MiR-203a-3p was down-regulated and SIX1 was up-regulated in asthma serums, respectively. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) treatment induced the reduction of miR-203a-3p and the enhancement of SIX1 in BEAS-2B and 16HBE cells in a time-dependent manner. Subsequently, functional experiments showed the promotion of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by TGF-β1 treatment could be reversed by miR-203a-3p re-expression or SIX1 deletion in BEAS-2B and 16HBE cells. SIX1 was identified as a target of miR-203a-3p and negatively regulated by miR-203a-3p. Then rescue assay indicated that overexpressed miR-203a-3p ameliorated TGF-β1 induced EMT by regulating SIX1 in BEAS-2B and 16HBE cells. Moreover, miR-203a-3p/SIX1 axis regulated TGF-β1 mediated EMT process in bronchial epithelial cells through phosphorylating Smad3. These results demonstrated that MiR-203a-3p modulated TGF-β1-induced EMT in asthma by regulating Smad3 pathway through targeting SIX1.
ZFPM2-AS1 facilitates cell growth in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via up-regulating TRAF4
Authors: Sun Gaozhong , Wu Changhao 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Emerging evidence has confirmed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are strongly involved in tumor initiation and development. LncRNA ZFPM2 antisense RNA 1 (ZFPM2-AS1) has been identified as a tumor facilitator in some cancers; nevertheless, its functional significance and regulatory mechanism remain greatly unclear in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Here, we detected ZFPM2-AS1 expression in ESCC cell lines using qRT-PCR. ZFPM2-AS1 knockdown models were established for investigating the biological function of ZFPM2-AS1 in ESCC cells. The association between miR-3612 and ZFPM2-AS1 or TRAF4 was assessed by RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assays. The present study indicated that ZFPM2-AS1 was significantly up-regulated in ESCC cells. Functional assays manifested that ZFPM2-AS1 knockdown restrained cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and facilitated cell apoptosis in ESCC. Mechanistically, ZFPM2-AS1 promoted ESCC cell growth and up-regulated TRAF4 to trigger NF-κB pathway by sequestering miR-3612. Besides, miR-3612 was confirmed to be a tumor inhibitor in ESCC. Through restoration experiments, we observed that TRAF4 overexpression could recover the suppressive effect of ZFPM2-AS1 on ESCC cell growth. Collectively, all the results suggested that ZFPM2-AS1 was an oncogene in ESCC cell growth by up-regulating TRAF4 and activating NF-κB pathway.
Reading patterns of proteome damage by glycation, oxidation and nitration: quantitation by stable isotopic dilution analysis LC-MS/MS
Authors: Rabbani Naila , Thornalley Paul J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) provides a high sensitivity, high specificity multiplexed method for concurrent detection of adducts formed by protein glycation, oxidation and nitration, also called AGEomics. Combined with stable isotopic dilution analysis, it provides for robust quantitation of protein glycation, oxidation and nitration adduct analytes. It is the reference method for such measurements. LC-MS/MS has been used to measure glycated, oxidized and nitrated amino acids – also called glycation, oxidation and nitration free adducts, with a concurrent quantitation of the amino acid metabolome in physiological fluids. Similar adduct residues in proteins may be quantitated with prior exhaustive enzymatic hydrolysis. It has also been applied to quantitation of other post-translation modifications, such as citrullination and formation of Nε-(γ-glutamyl)lysine crosslink by transglutaminases. Application to cellular and extracellular proteins gives estimates of the steady-state levels of protein modification by glycation, oxidation and nitration, and measurement of the accumulation of glycation, oxidation and nitration adducts in cell culture medium and urinary excretion gives an indication of flux of adduct formation. Measurement of glycation, oxidation and nitration free adducts in plasma and urine provides for estimates of renal clearance of free adducts. Diagnostic potential in clinical studies has been enhanced by the combination of estimates of multiple adducts in optimized diagnostic algorithms by machine learning. Recent applications have been in early-stage detection of metabolic, vascular and renal disease, and arthritis, metabolic control and risk of developing vascular complication in diabetes, and a blood test for autism.
Idiopathic achalasia primarily diagnosed as bulimia nervosa: the importance of the nutrologyst
Authors: de Alonso Maria Del Rosario Zariategui , Silva Cristiane Felisbino 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTIdiopathic achalasia is a primary esophageal motor disorder characterized by esophageal aperistalsis and abnormal lower esophageal sphincter relaxation in response to deglutition. Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder, which amongst other symptoms presents with self-induced vomiting after repetitive episodes of binge eating in order to prevent weight gain. The present study reports the case of a female patient initially diagnosed with bulimia nervosa, after ruling out an etiology of organic cause through lab tests and endoscopy. The patient was referred to a nutrologyst for treating the eating disorder, and after nutritional evaluation, she received nutritional supplementation due to severe dysphagia, regurgitation and weight loss. As diagnostic criteria of bulimia nervosa were not met, a further investigation was conducted, which eventually confirmed idiopathic achalasia through two specific tests: digital esophagogastroduodenal seriography, and esophageal manometry. Chagas disease, the major cause of idiopathic achalasia in Brazil, was ruled out by specific lab test. In view of the severity of the disease, the patient underwent urgent cardiomyotomy and fundoplication. Later, balloon dilators were also used in two occasions. After sixteen months of medical and nutrology follow-up, the patient now is in good nutritional status and was able to go back to her daily activities and healthy lifestyle.
Patterns of path encoding in German
Authors: Meex Birgitta 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This chapter proposes a classification of path
encoding in motion events in German. It expands the framework that I
developed for analyzing motion events in a narrow sense (Meex 2004) to motion events
from a broader perspective including deictic, causative, and fictive
motion. The chapter aims to deepen our understanding of how the
conceptual components at the core of German motion event
descriptions, viz. motion, direction, source-path-goal, manner, and
cause, correlate and interact with the conceptual categories of
deixis, aspect, and case. The analysis reveals seven path coding
types, viz. source, intended goal, path of incomplete traversal,
path of complete traversal, boundary traversing path, achieved goal,
and trajective, depending on the aspectual framing (i.e.
summativity, plexity, boundedness, mutativity) of the motion event.
Systematic patterns of co-occurrence of these aspectual elements in
the motion scene are described and their combination with specific
lexical (e.g. deictic expressions) and morphosyntactic (e.g.
inflectional case marking on the noun) categories are examined to
support the analysis. It will also be shown that apart from a few
exceptions, self-motion, caused motion, and fictive motion are
compatible with all seven path coding types discussed, showing that
German uses event-type neutral path expressions.
Metamorphosis of the Mythical Hero in Disney’s
Hercules
Authors: Martín Rodríguez Antonio María 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This essay analyzes the metamorphosis undergone by the ultimate
Greek hero, Hercules, in the Disney film of that name (1997). Such a
transformation is a keen example of the reworking of mythical hero figures
in present-day popular mass culture. The essay focuses on the creative
process behind the Disney film, its structure, the adaptation of classical
sources, and on borrowings from earlier mythological films, from
blockbusters such as Superman and Star
Wars, and from Disney’s earlier movies. Also analyzed are the
ways in which Hercules may be seen as a parody of the
conventions of Greek tragedy, the influence of this film on later cultural
products (novels and movies), and the ways in which the intended audience
may have influenced plot differences with the canonical versions of the life
of Hercules.
Oedipus in Manhattan
Authors: Pérez Gómez Leonor 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Ductility is a characteristic of myth: provided that its fixed
core isn’t altered, every kind of transformation is possible within it.
Thus, the well-known oedipian myth in Sophocles’ version can be traced with
changes in Woody Allen’s Oedipus rex. Perhaps because it
belongs to the film New York Stories this version has been
unregarded by critics. The wicked Greek hero becomes another wicked one: the
Jew.
Editorial
Authors: Trotzke Andreas , Rankin Tom 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLinguistics comes in many flavors.Applied, cognitive, descriptive, educational, formal, functional, generative, and many more can be compounded onto linguistics to characterize specific frameworks and approaches. In this brief editorial, we outline the rationale for the notion and the corresponding journal ofPedagogical Linguistics, defining how we see the term in comparison to closely related, and more familiar notions.
Final or medial
Authors: Izutsu Mitsuko Narita , Izutsu Katsunobu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Some Japanese final particles find their origins
in the same historical sources as interjectional (or medial)
particles, with the former occurring in sentence-final position
while the latter in sentence-medial position. The two types of
particles, though identical in form, are less likely to be used in
the same sentence. This study demonstrates that they developed along
different pathways and acquired respectively unique
discourse-pragmatic functions, mediated by the traits of the
positions they occupy in sentences. Our research highlights three
discourse-pragmatic functions: information status,
addressee-directedness, and speaker gender. We argue that the final
and interjectional particles of the same form do not co-occur in a
single sentence when they show contrastive features in one of these
functions.
Information structure, null case particle and sentence final
discourse particle
Authors: Endo Yoshio 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper discusses the nature of sentence final
particles (SFPs) in Japanese from the perspective of the Theory of
Mind (ToM). After presenting some properties of SFPs in Japanese by
making reference to familiar languages like German, I will discuss a
syntactic mechanism of creating non-standard questions with SFPs by
making use of Abraham’s
(2012) idea of moving MPs in German into ForceP to fix
illocutionary force. I will next show that SFPs trigger the deletion
of Case particles in Japanese to create a new discourse-related
semantic effect of eliminating focus. Some implications of my
approach are also touched upon, where a new functional head is
suggested to explain some interesting behaviors of how come
questions involving the semantic interpretation of surprise and
curiosity.
Aggression and narrative in Edward Albee’sThe Zoo Story
Authors: Lamprou Maria 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe study draws on scholars (Leech and Short 1981;Wales 1994;Fowler 1996;Ball 1997;Semino 2002; Leech andMcIntyre 2006) who focused on the ‘point of view’ in dramatic texts as a concept which permits an authoritative voice to enter the narrative and arise in discourse. It intends to examine how im/politeness contributes to renegotiating some special themes in fiction like, for instance, how the human-animal relationship is to be portrayed in two Greek translations (1995, 2015) of Edward Albee’s playThe Zoo Story(1958). The claim is that translators’ ideological positioning regulates pragmatic aspects of meaning-making like the use of aggression and intimacy in reshaping the identity of characters and entities in the translated versions. Τhe study traces how the two translators attributed aggression to humans/animals in the universe ofThe Zoo Storyby taking into account lay people’s evaluation of the two translations. Results show that TTa (by Kaiti Chistodoulou 1995) uses im/politeness strategies which indicate lower esteem for animals and higher esteem for humans. By contrast, TTb (by Errikos Belies) shapes a different identity of the human-animal relationship: it indicates higher esteem for animals, doing justice to the zoo imagery. The findings suggest that the narratives that permeate discourse crucially affect the use of im/politeness of the fictional interactants and that im/politeness is a powerful tool in the hands of translators. Im/politeness research may also benefit from translational data in that they can provide multiple contexts in which im/politeness can be studied in interaction cross-culturally.
Im/politeness, gender and power distance inLady Windermere’s Fan
Authors: Mavrigiannaki Chrysi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIm/politeness has attracted considerable attention over the past decades (starting withLakoff 1973;Brown and Levinson 1978;Leech 1983) and has kept expanding rapidly with the discursive turn (Eelen 2001;Mills 2003;Watts 2003;Bousfield 2008;Locher 2008). There is a growing interest in examining im/politeness from a number of perspectives, e.g. society, gender, cross-cultural etc., and multiple definitions have been proposed, however, impoliteness as such has not had a distinct theoretical framework yet.This study investigates impoliteness through drama translation data. It focuses on manipulation of im/politeness in target versions of a playtext, in terms of gender, and examines how humour may be facilitated through such shifts. The aim is to confirm that impoliteness does interact with gender (Mills 2003), and that humour creation draws on reversed gender stereotypes. It also shows that power (ensuing from reversed gender stereotypes) interacts with impoliteness strategies, to manifest humour in the target versions. The study usesBousfield’s (2008)model to account for im/politeness shifts, between the two versions.Oscar Wilde’sLady Windermere’s Fan(1892) is a comedy and a satire targeting the aristocratic society of the time. The two Greek translations of the play (2006 by Karhadakis and 2010 by Belies) are a most suitable context for examining how impoliteness interacts with power distance and gender to create humour, because of its humorous aspects and cross-gender talk. The paper also intends to show impoliteness scholarship that translation has a rich potential for deciphering or confirming pragmatic aspects of the phenomenon, which are elsewhere pursued through monolingual research.