bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review on contribution of indigenous food preparation and preservation techniques to attainment of food security in Ethiopian
Authors: Kuyu Chala Gowe , Bereka Tizazu Yirga 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOne of the main challenges facing Ethiopia today is ensuring food security, as the country demands more food than before with the increase in population. Although the country's production is much lower than the national demand, there are high postharvest food losses, largely due to limited food processing, preservation, and storage capacity. Universities and research centers in the country had been done and doing research on the postharvest activities to assure effective and sustainable methods of food security enhancement strategy. In contrast, most of the strategies and technologies they develop never get implemented by farmers as they still rely on indigenous knowledge for postharvest activities. Although people are using indigenous knowledge, their contributions and potentials in food processing, preservation, and storage are underestimated. However, indigenous methods of food preparation, preservation, and storage are time tested and have been used by locals people over generation to preserve their produce after harvest, thereby serving as a survival strategy. Moreover, the country is blessed with various types of wild edible plants and also possesses diverse indigenous knowledge systems for their processing, preservation, and storage. These indigenous foods are inexpensive to use, safe, nutritious, and thus boosting overall food security. Therefore, the aim of this review paper is to document indigenous knowledge of food storage, processing, and preservation in the country. This could help as a gateway to verify and support indigenous knowledge with latest technologies and promote their role in attainment of food security.
Rapid determination of pit mud moisture content using hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Zhu Min , Chen Ping , Hu Xin‐Jun , Mao Xiang , Tian Jian‐Ping , Luo Hui‐Bo , Huang Dan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLack of moisture can lead to the aging of pit mud, excessive moisture will make it difficult to maintain its shape or even collapse. Therefore, a rapid and nondestructive detection technology for moisture in pit mud using hyperspectral imaging was firstly investigated. Modeling efficiency of various processing was compared in visible (400–1,000 nm) and near‐infrared (900–1,700 nm) regions, and the optimal model was SNV‐SPA‐SVM in near‐infrared spectroscopy; the and RMSEP of model were .9953 and 0.0029, respectively. Furthermore, the distribution map showed that the moisture in the new cellar was generally lower than that of old, and the moisture distribution of the old pit mud was more even. Moreover, the moisture content of different layers in the same cellar increased from top to bottom. This work provides strong technical support for liquor brewing enterprises to effectively implement online monitoring of pit mud changes and open a new era for the application of hyperspectral imaging technology in the field of liquor solid‐state fermentation.
Asset tokenization in plain English
Authors: Sazandrishvili George 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAsset tokenization is an expansion of blockchain technology that allows digital assets to be bought, sold, and traded on blockchains. Digitizing real assets will help create universally accessible, fast, liquid, and transparent investment and financial systems. However, blockchain and related asset tokenization are still in their infancy, and there are obstacles that need to be overcome before widespread adoption occurs. This article describes what it means to tokenize an asset on a blockchain, how tokenization is accomplished, and why it has the potential to disrupt a variety of industries, particularly the financial and real estate industries. Challenges that are associated with implementing asset tokenization are also explored.
Combretastatin analogues in cancer biology: A prospective view
Authors: Sherbet Gajanan V. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe stilbenoid combretastatin and its derivatives are potent inhibitors of angiogenesis and cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. They disrupt cytoskeletal dynamics and modulate cell morphology, motility, and invasion. Hence they have been viewed as potential as anticancer agents. The impediments of poor solubility and bioavailability and the spontaneous geometric isomerisation of combretastatin into an inactive form have led to intensive efforts towards evolving novel analogues to provide more efficacious biological outcome. Importantly, isomerically stable and biologically active cis‐restricted analogues have been synthesised and tested. However, very few analogues have been tested in preclinical models to assess their effects on processes relevant to cancer development and progression. Hence the accent here is on the signalling systems operated by the new derivatives and their biological effects with reference to cancer progression. Combretastatins modulate an extensive network of signalling emphasising their varied versatility. Harnessing these systems and accentuating or counteracting aberrant signalling could open potential avenues of approach to the designing of novel derivatives with enhanced performance. The import of mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, which co‐ordinates growth factor receptor signalling, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition activation and angiogenic signalling, is emphasised. It may be viewed as a prime target for allosteric inhibition in combination with combretastatin analogues to ascertain their potential in cancer control.
Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor associates with higher risk, advanced disease severity as well as inflammation, and might serve as a prognostic biomarker of severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Zhang Qi , Li Le , Chen Hongze , Zhang Guangquan , Zhu Siqiang , Kong Rui , Chen Hua , Wang Gang , Sun Bei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to explore the potential of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) as a biomarker for severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) risk prediction and disease management in SAP patients.MethodsTotally 225 acute pancreatitis (AP) patients (including 75 SAP, 75 moderate‐severe acute pancreatitis [MSAP], and 75 mild acute pancreatitis [MAP] patients) were recruited based on the Atlanta classification, and their serum samples were obtained within 24 hours after admission. Meanwhile, 75 health controls (HCs) were recruited with their serum samples collected at the enrollment. The serum suPAR was then detected using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsThe suPAR level was increased in SAP patients compared with MSAP patients (P = .023), MAP patients (P < .001), and HCs (P < .001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve presented that suPAR could not only differentiate SAP patients from HCs (AUC: 0.920, 95%CI: 0.875‐0.965) but also differentiate SAP patients from MSAP (AUC: 0.684, 95%CI: 0.600‐0.769) and MAP patients (AUC: 0.855, 95%CI: 0.797‐0.912). In SAP patients, suPAR was positively correlated with Ranson score (P < .001), acute physiology and chronic healthcare evaluation II score (P = .001), sequential organ failure assessment score (P < .001), and C‐reaction protein (P = .002). Further ROC curve exhibited that suPAR (AUC: 0.806, 95%CI: 0.663‐0.949) was of good value in predicting increased inhospital mortality of SAP patients.ConclusionSoluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor is of good predictive value for SAP risk and may serve as a potential biomarker for disease severity, inflammation, and inhospital mortality in SAP patients.
Zebrafish: An Emerging Model for Orthopedic Research
Authors: Busse Björn , Galloway Jenna L. , Gray Ryan S. , Harris Matthew P. , Kwon Ronald Y. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTAdvances in next‐generation sequencing have transformed our ability to identify genetic variants associated with clinical disorders of the musculoskeletal system. However, the means to functionally validate and analyze the physiological repercussions of genetic variation have lagged behind the rate of genetic discovery. The zebrafish provides an efficient model to leverage genetic analysis in an in vivo context. Its utility for orthopedic research is becoming evident in regard to both candidate gene validation as well as therapeutic discovery in tissues such as bone, tendon, muscle, and cartilage. With the development of new genetic and analytical tools to better assay aspects of skeletal tissue morphology, mineralization, composition, and biomechanics, researchers are emboldened to systematically approach how the skeleton develops and to identify the root causes, and potential treatments, of skeletal disease. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:925‐936, 2020
Suppression of murine osteoarthritis by 4‐methylumbelliferone
Authors: Tsuchiya Saho , Ohashi Yoshifumi , Ishizuka Shinya , Ishiguro Naoki , O'Rourke Dorcas P. , Knudson Cheryl B. , Knudson Warren 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTUsing in vitro models, we previously reported that 4‐methylumbelliferone (4‐MU) blocked many of the pro‐catabolic features of activated chondrocytes. 4‐MU also blocked safranin O loss from human cartilage explants exposed to interleukin 1β (IL1β) in vitro. However, the mechanism for this chondroprotective effect was independent of the action of 4‐MU as a hyaluronan (HA) inhibitor. Interestingly, overexpression of HA synthase 2 (HAS2) also blocked the same pro‐catabolic features of activated chondrocytes as 4‐MU via a mechanism independent of extracellular HA accumulation. Data suggest that altering UDP‐sugars may be behind these changes in chondrocyte metabolism. However, all of our previous experiments with 4‐MU or HAS2 overexpression were performed in vitro. The purpose of this study was to confirm whether 4‐MU was effective at limiting the effects of osteoarthritis (OA) on articular cartilage in vivo. The progression of OA was evaluated after destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery on C57BL/6 mice in the presence or absence of 4‐MU‐containing chow. Mice fed 4‐MU after DMM surgery exhibited significant suppression of OA starting from an early stage in vivo. Mice fed 4‐MU exhibited lower OARSI scores after DMM; reduced osteophyte formation and reduced MMP3 and MMP13 immunostaining. 4‐MU also exerted pronounced chondroprotective effects on murine joint cartilage exposed to IL1β in vitro and, blocked IL1β‐enhanced lactate production in cartilage explants. Therefore, 4‐MU is effective at significantly reducing the loss of proteoglycan and reducing MMP production both in vitro and in vivo as well as cartilage damage and osteophyte formation in vivo after DMM. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res. 38:1122‐1131, 2020
Phytic acid content may affect starch digestibility and glycemic index value of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Kumar Awadhesh , Sahu Chandrasekhar , Panda Puja A , Biswal Monalisa , Sah Rameswar P , Lal Milan K , Baig Mirza J , Swain Padmini , Behera Lambodar , Chattopadhyay Krishnendu , Sharma Srigopal 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhytic acid (PA) is an anti‐nutrient present in cereals and pulses. It is known to reduce mineral bioavailability and inhibit starch‐digesting α‐amylase (which requires calcium for activity) in the human gut. In principle, the greater the amount of PA, the lower is the rate of starch hydrolysis. It is reflected in the lower glycemic index (GI) value of food. People leading sedentary lifestyles and consuming rice as a staple food are likely to develop type 2 diabetes. Hence, this study was planned to understand how PA content of different rice varieties affects the GI.RESULTSRice Khira and Mugai which had very low PA (0.30 and 0.36 g kg−1, respectively) had higher GI values and α‐amylase activity, while Nua Dhusara and the pigmented rice Manipuri black rice (MBR) which had high PA (2.13 and 2.98 g kg−1, respectively) showed low α‐amylase activity and GI values. This relationship was statistically significant, though a weak relationship was found for the pigmented rice. Expression levels of MIPSI, IPKI and GBSSI markedly increased in the middle stage of grain development in all of the six genotypes having contrasting PA and GI. Maximum expression of MIPSI and IPKI was observed in Nua Dhusara and MBR (which had high PA) while that of GBSSI was observed in Khira and Mugai (with higher GI) at middle stage showing a negative correlation between PA and GI.CONCLUSIONSThe data indicate that high PA content in rice might have an adverse effect on starch digestibility resulting in slower starch digestion in the human gut and consequently low glycemic response. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Habitat and History Influence Abundance of Bog Turtles
Authors: Stratmann Theresa S. M. , Floyd Thomas M. , Barrett Kyle 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTConservation of rare and endangered species requires assessment of factors that influence the current habitat associations of a species and the role of past habitat degradation in limiting occupancy or abundance. The objective of our 2011–2014 study was to determine how habitat characteristics and wetland history can predict occupancy and abundance patterns of bog turtles (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) at the fringe of their range in the southeastern United States. We used a hurdle model to examine occupancy and abundance patterns while addressing problems associated with zero‐inflated data. Occupancy patterns were weakly related to percent of the wetland containing emergent vegetation, whereas abundance patterns were predicted by the percent silt in the wetland substrate, percent forest cover, amount of habitat degradation, and recovery time since past habitat degradation. The effect of historical habitat degradation on abundance rather than occupancy patterns has rarely been documented and its effect is rarely studied in vertebrate populations. Identification of predictors of occupancy and abundance patterns will aid discovery of new populations of bog turtles and improve management of occupied wetlands. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
Surgical outcomes and complications of septal extension graft supported by 3D printed polycaprolactone plate
Authors: Kim Sung Hyun , Choi Ji Yun 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundTip plasty using a septal extension graft (SEG) is useful in the Asian population. However, complications such as decreased tip projection, infection, or deviation are noted post‐surgery, and additional support using an SEG is often necessary. We aimed to transplant an additional 3D printed polycaprolactone (PCL) graft to the tip plasty using the SEG to reinforce the SEG.MethodsThe study included 43 patients (20 males and 23 females; mean age, 28.7 years; range, 17–58 years) who received rhinoplasties using the SEG method combined with a 3D printed PCL graft from November 2016 to August 2017. The mean observation period was 14.8 months (range, 12–20 months).ResultsTwenty‐six patients rated their satisfaction level as excellent, 13 rated good, 3 rated fair, and 1 rated poor. In total, 28 patients did not exhibit tip drooping at the 1‐year follow‐up; 13 patients demonstrated mild to moderate tip drooping, and 2 patients demonstrated severe tip drooping. Thirty‐one patients demonstrated “stiffness” of the nasal tip, of which 11 patients reported discomfort, and 20 patients reported none; two patients demonstrated deviation of the tip.ConclusionAlthough the 3D‐printed PCL graft provided support, biocompatibility, and manipulability, care is required to prevent complications.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130:1680–1685, 2020
Do gender identities of femininity and masculinity affect the intention to buy ethical products?
Authors: Pinna Mariella 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study shows that gender identity affects ethical intentions. We investigate the intention to purchase ethical products through a survey study among young consumers in Italy. Measures of planned behavior, internal ethics, self‐identity, and moral harm, together with proxies for individual gender identities of femininity and masculinity are included in our model of intention to purchase ethically. Results show that femininity significantly increases ethical intent, whereas masculinity has an opposite effect. These findings are robust to gender. In fact, the relations of femininity and masculinity on the intention to consume ethical products hold when the subsamples of males and females are considered. This study relates to the ongoing debate regarding the determinants of ethical decision‐making and the feminine stereotype by extending the understanding of the attitude‐intention gap in ethical consumption among young consumers in Italy. Finally, implications and avenues for further research are discussed.
Behavioral prediction of environmentally oriented anticonsumption and consumption: A multilevel study of five Eurobarometer surveys
Authors: Ortega Egea José M. , García de Frutos Nieves 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTo tackle climate change, greater public engagement is called for in actions that fall under the umbrella of environmentally oriented anticonsumption (EOA), in addition to environmentally oriented consumption (EOC) ones. This study examines potential behavioral effects on EOA and EOC actions in response to climate change, by placing attention on the EOA versus EOC distinction, as well as the behavioral domain and frequency of the selected behavioral outcomes and predictors. Multilevel analysis is conducted on a large‐scale, European pooled dataset (N = 137,097 respondents) combined with secondary country data at the societal level (N = 30 countries). The findings provide overall evidence for positive behavioral effects or spillovers on EOA and EOC behaviors in response to climate change, while emphasizing also the need to account for the specificity of different proenvironmental actions. Also, the findings show that positive spillovers are more likely among actions within the same EOA/EOC path of action, pertaining to the same behavioral category (i.e., intra‐domain, rather than inter‐domain spillovers), and having similar behavioral frequency characteristics (e.g., among non‐daily actions). The findings reported here improve understanding of the behavioral mechanisms behind environmental spillovers, for less‐researched EOA (and EOC) outcomes, in response to climate change, and cross‐nationally.
SIOP PODC adapted risk stratification and treatment guidelines: Recommendations for acute myeloid leukemia in resource‐limited settings
Authors: Bansal Deepak , Davidson Alan , Supriyadi Eddy , Njuguna Festus , Ribeiro Raul C. , Kaspers Gertjan J. L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), limited resources, suboptimal risk stratification, and disproportionate patient‐to‐infrastructure ratio result in low survival of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). A high incidence of relapse, inherent to the biology, renders management arduous. The challenge of treating AML in LMICs is of balancing the intensity of myelosuppressive chemotherapy, which appears necessary for cure, with available supportive care, which influences treatment‐related mortality. The recommendations outlined in this paper are based on published evidence and expert opinion. The principle of this adapted protocol is to tailor treatment to available resources, reduce preventable toxic death, and direct limited resources toward those children who are most likely to be cured.
Interpreting Experimental Results from Shock Impacts on Single Crystal PETN in the Context of Continuum Models
Authors: Luscher Darby J. , Cawkwell Marc J. , Ramos Kyle J. , Sandberg Richard L. , Bolme Cynthia A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this paper we interpret previous experimental measurements of impacts on single crystal PETN in the context of a simple continuum model. Hugoniot calculations using the simple model framework under various limiting assumptions envelope measured Hugoniot states reasonably well and suggest that non‐negligible deviatoric elastic strains may exist in the shock compressed state for weak impacts. An accompanying simple kinematic model for lattice deformation was used to estimate the expected shifts in X‐ray diffraction peaks for the (211) plane under impacts normal to (110) planes. The results suggest that negligible relaxation of the deviatoric lattice deformation occurs on the short (10–20 ns) time and wave propagation (40–80 m) scales of laser‐driven shock experiments, and that the corresponding elastic strains may be large. Because of the potentially large deviatoric elastic strains, the specific finite deformation strain measure used within thermomechanical single crystal models is of significant consequence, which is explored numerically by the comparison of isothermal purely elastic responses under uniaxial and simple shear deformations.
Evaluation of the combination of different atmospheric pressure ionization sources for the analysis of extremely complex mixtures
Authors: Kondyli Aikaterini , Schrader Wolfgang 
Published: November 2019

RationaleCharacterization of complex samples remains a challenging task due to the high number of compounds present. Matrix effects, ion discrimination and suppression are limiting factors which force the use of different methods for the same sample to gain a broad understanding of complex mixtures.MethodsVarious ionization techniques such as electrospray ionization (ESI), atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) have been used in various problems for complex mixture analysis. Especially demanding is the analysis of energy‐related hydrocarbon mixtures, such as crude oil. Here, the different ionization sources alone and in combination with each other have been used on an ultrahigh resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometer to study a light crude oil.ResultsDespite the great variety of the available ionization sources, there is no single technique which can fully characterize the crude oil. Each ionization technique shows a selectivity towards specific types of compounds. While ESI is the method of choice for the detection of polar compounds, APPI and APCI favor the detection of nonpolar and low‐to‐medium polar compounds, respectively. The combination of ESI/APPI favors hydrocarbons and oxygen‐containing species.ConclusionsCombining different ionization methods can be used as an alternative in order to gain more information about compounds present in a complex mixture although a combination of different ion sources could enhance suppression effects.