bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relevance of leadership styles and Islamic work ethics in managerial effectiveness
Authors: Javed Sarfaraz , Malik Azam , Alharbi Mutaz Minwer Hala 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
Managerial effectiveness is considered as an essential element for sustainable development and competitive advantage for organisations, and its core conceptualisation revolves around the capability of management to manage self, subordinates and relationships. However, very few research addressed this important phenomenon; this study aims to fill this gap by investigating the mediating role of Islamic work ethics between leadership styles and managerial effectiveness.

Design/methodology/approach
Data collection was done through a structured questionnaire, and the hypothesized relationships were tested with the help of SmartPLS.

Findings
Results of the statistical analysis showed that transformational and transactional leadership styles are positively associated with managerial effectiveness. Also, Islamic work ethics mediated the association between transactional leadership and managerial effectiveness, and however, no mediation effect of Islamic work ethics was found in the relationship of transformational leadership and managerial effectiveness

Originality/value
Although volumes of research have been conducted into the nature of management and leadership over the past 50 years or so, there have been significant shortcomings in terms of little attention having been given to the issue of managerial effectiveness, lack of generalizability of findings and lack of relevance and utility; thus, this study contributed to human resource management literature by providing a macro-level model to measure managerial effectiveness.
How is value co-created in a sport business-to-business context?
Authors: Gerke Anna , Woratschek Herbert , Dickson Geoff 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThere are different streams of research in the service marketing literature concerning value co-creation. Most of the research focuses on value co-creation for the benefit of the customer. However, value is also co-created for the benefit of the provider, especially in a business-to-business context. The purpose of this research is to understand (1) how value is co-created in a sport business-to-business context (i.e. sailing) and (2) how the prevailing value co-creation approaches explain value co-creation processes differently in a sport business-to-business context.Design/methodology/approachThe research was contextualised within the Auckland sailing cluster. Primary data were collected via 27 interviews, as well as observations at events. Secondary data include 13 documents of organisational information and archival data. Data were analysed deductively and interpreted using two different theoretical lenses: service-dominant logic (SDL) and service logic (SL).FindingsThe value co-creation analysis of the sailing cluster permitted theorising about relationships in sport management at different levels of aggregation and abstraction. Every actor is embedded in a wider sport eco-system triggered by sport activities and always has a dual role as provider and beneficiary. Actors that are in control of specific sport activities are pivotal actors and provide a value network for others.Research limitations/implicationsThis research suggests that SDL and SL approaches to value co-creation are complementary and that further research is necessary to integrate and operationalise these approaches.Practical implicationsIt helps practitioners to better understand how value is co-created in sport business-to-business contexts.Originality/valueThis research shows the complementarity of two differing theoretical approaches to explain value co-creation in sport business-to-business settings.
Virtual workplaces and lean leadership: integrative conceptualization and organizational implications
Authors: Mishra Talina , Jena Lalatendu Kesari 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to integrate the concept of lean in the world of virtual leadership by continuously engaging employees and building efficient teams to increase the effectiveness of digital workplaces.

Design/methodology/approach
Secondary research from various research articles by authors in lean and leadership was done.

Findings
Lean leadership can serve as a great way to boost employee morale and enrich their experience in times of global crisis. Employees can effectively contribute to the organization with the help of virtual lean teams and tools.

Originality/value
This paper adds to the scarce literature on the integration of lean and leadership by exploring the various ways in which employees can be empowered to achieve organizational goals in the virtual workplace.
Recovery of a boreal ground‐beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) fauna 15 years after variable retention harvest
Authors: Wu Linhao , He Fangliang , Spence John R. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Retention harvests are preferred over traditional clear‐cuts for sustainable forest management because maintenance and re‐establishment of native forest biodiversity is a priority. However, few studies have examined long‐term responses of biotic assemblages to retention harvest at particular sites.

We studied the effects of decreasing initial harvest intensities (clear‐cut, 10%, 20%, 50% and 75% dispersed green‐tree retention) on carabid beetle assemblages relative to assemblage changes in un‐harvested control stands in four successionally ordered cover‐types of boreal mixedwood forest. We also studied temporal effects by comparing assemblages over a 16‐year pre‐ and post‐harvest period, using data collected through monitoring of the EMEND (Ecosystem Management Emulating Natural Disturbance) experiment in NW Alberta, Canada.

Retention harvests affected assemblages differently across cover‐types. Assemblages in compartments harvested in the earlier forest successional stages of ‘deciduous’ or ‘deciduous with spruce understorey’ converged towards the pre‐harvest structure of corresponding controls over time. In contrast, beetle assemblages in ‘mixed’ or ‘conifer’ compartments, that represent later successional forest, moved steadily away from their pre‐harvest structures during the first post‐harvest decade. These latter assemblages became strikingly more similar to those under deciduous canopies by 15‐year post‐harvest.

Synthesis and applications. Variable retention harvests will promote and maintain biodiversity better than clear‐cutting. Higher retention levels promote faster recovery, but towards fauna typical of early successional forest in all cover‐types. Carabids associated with conifer habitats are less resistant to impact from harvesting than are those from broadleaf deciduous forest. Therefore, conifer‐dominated stands present the most significant management challenge and higher retention levels are required to promote rapid and effective faunal recovery in such late successional stands.
Informing emergency care for all patients: The Registry for Emergency Care (REC) Project protocol
Authors: O'Reilly Gerard M , Mitchell Rob D , Mitra Biswadev , Noonan Michael P , Hiller Ryan , Brichko Lisa , Luckhoff Carl , Paton Andrew , Smit De Villiers , Cameron Peter A 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveIn Australia, the current ED burden related to COVID‐19 is from ‘suspected’ rather than ‘confirmed’ cases. The initial aim of the Registry for Emergency Care (REC) Project is to determine the impact of isolation processes on the emergency care of all patients.MethodsThe REC Project builds on the COVID‐19 Emergency Department Quality Improvement (COVED) Project. Outcomes measured include times to critical assessment and management.ResultsClinical tools will be generated to inform emergency care, both during and beyond the COVID‐19 pandemic.ConclusionsThe REC Project will support ED clinicians in the emergency care of all patients.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis: Association of a pre‐illness Western dietary pattern with the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Li Tong , Qiu Yun , Yang Hong Sheng , Li Man Ying , Zhuang Xiao Jun , Zhang Sheng Hong , Feng Rui , Chen Bai Li , He Yao , Zeng Zhi Rong , Chen Min Hu 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivePrevious studies have presented conflicting results on Western diets and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to evaluate the role of a pre‐illness Western dietary pattern in the development of IBD.MethodsThe Western dietary pattern was defined as that met at least two of the following, either a high intake of refined grains, red and processed meat, animal protein, animal fats or high‐fat dairy products, or with a low consumption of fruit and vegetables. Four medical databases (PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched to identify all relevant references. Risk estimate and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using a random‐effects model.ResultsNine studies (seven case‐control studies and two prospective cohorts) were included, with a total of 1491 IBD cases and 53 089 controls. A Western dietary pattern was associated with a risk of all IBD (relative risk [RR] 1.92, 95% CI 1.37‐2.68) and separately with Crohn's disease (CD) (RR 1.72, 95% CI 1.01‐2.93) and ulcerative colitis (UC) (RR 2.15, 95% CI 1.38‐3.34). Subgroup analysis by region showed that a Western dietary pattern was associated with the risk of CD and UC for studies performed in Europe (RR 2.25, 95% CI 1.44‐3.50 for CD; RR 2.65, 95% CI 1.61‐4.36 for UC). The pooled RR was 2.26 (95% CI 1.42‐3.59) in the pediatric CD subgroup.ConclusionThis meta‐analysis indicates that a pre‐illness Western dietary pattern may increase the risk of developing CD and UC.
Editorial for the Michael Bull special issue
Authors: Gardner Michael G. , Godfrey Stephanie S. , Wapstra Erik 
Published: May 2020

A review of the role of parasites in the ecology of reptiles and amphibiansParasite in peril? A new species of mite in the genus Ophiomegistus Banks (Parasitiformes: Paramegistidae) on an endangered host, the pygmy bluetongue lizard Tiliqua adelaidensis (Peters) (Squamata: Scincidae)
Phylogenetic position and morphology of Andrewia gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Miridae), a new plant bug genus from New Guinea
Authors: Konstantinov Fedor V , Namyatova Anna A 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA new plant bug genus and species, Andrewia bochkovi gen. et sp. nov., of the Phylinae is described from the Biak Island, Papua Province of Indonesia. The described species has been characterised molecularly based on COI, 16S and 28S markers, and its phylogenetic position has been tested using model‐based (RAxML and Bayesian) phylogenetic analyses. Photographs of habitus, male and female genitalia, illustrations of male genitalia, scanning electron micrographs of morphological structures and host information are also provided. The systematic position of the new genus within Phylinae is discussed. Andrewia gen. nov. forms a separate clade sister to all other phylines except for the tribe Hallodapini.
Early graft function and intrarenal resistant index after kidney transplantation using Biolasol—A new solid organ preservation fluid
Authors: Kolonko Aureliusz , Król Robert , Chudek Jerzy , Skrzypek Michał , Cierpka Lech , Więcek Andrzej 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBiolasol is a newly developed preserving solution for cold organ storage prior to transplantation. To date, only animal model experiments results are available. The aim of this single‐center analysis was to summarize the clinical experience concerning the early post‐transplant course of kidney grafts preserved with Biolasol in comparison with other preservation solutions. Before transplantation, 173 kidney grafts were preserved using Biolasol and 240 organs with other solutions (University of Wisconsin—UW, Institute Georges Lopez—IGL‐1, or StoreProtect Plus solutions). Early graft function was defined based on serum creatinine concentration at day 3 (<3 mg/dL—immediate graft function, IGF or >3 mg/dL—slow graft function, SGF) or the need of dialysis therapy during first post‐operative week (delayed graft function, DGF). The analysis included intrarenal resistive indices measured by Doppler sonography early after transplantation and before discharge from the hospital. IGF was more frequent in patients with organs preserved with IGL‐1 (33.5%) and StoreProtect Plus (38.8%) than Biolasol (18.5%), whereas there was no difference in the occurrence of DGF. Both initial and discharge median resistance index values were significantly higher in the Biolasol subgroup (0.77 and 0.75) than in all three other subgroups (P values for all comparisons <.001), also after 1:1 propensity score matching for baseline characteristics. Multiple logistic regression analysis based on the propensity score‐matched cohort revealed that the use of Biolasol solution [OR 0.59 (0.35‐0.98); P < .05] independently decreased the occurrence of IGF. In our single‐center clinical experience, kidney preservation using Biolasol solution was associated with significantly higher intrarenal resistant index in comparison with other preservation fluids, as well as worse early graft function than in the IGL‐1 and the StoreProtect Plus subgroups. Long‐term follow‐up is needed in order to assess the kidney graft and patient survival.
Verification of a thrombus induction method at the target point inside the blood pump using a fibrinogen coating for a thrombus detection study
Authors: Seki Haruna , Fujiwara Tatsuki , Hijikata Wataru , Murashige Tomotaka , Maruyama Takuro , Yokota Sachie , Ogata Asato , Ouchi Katsuhiro , Mizuno Tomohiro , Arai Hirokuni 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAlthough the magnetically levitated centrifugal blood pump (mag‐lev pump) is considered superior to other pumps in antithrombogenicity, thrombotic complications are still reported. Research into thrombus detection inside a mag‐lev pump is very important for solving this problem. Our research group has already proposed a method to detect a thrombus inside a mag‐lev pump in real time without an additional sensor, which is named the impeller vibration method. To efficiently advance our research with reproducibility, a preconditioning method to induce thrombus inside the pump was thought to be necessary. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a preconditioning method that induces thrombus formation. To verify this method, in vitro experiments for thrombus detection were performed. A mag‐lev pump developed at Tokyo Institute of Technology was used. A fibrinogen solution was coated on the inner surfaces of the bottom housing to induce thrombus formation at the target point inside the pump. The thrombus is detected by utilizing the phenomenon that the phase difference between the impeller displacement and input current to the magnetic bearing increases when a thrombus is formed inside a pump. Five hundred mL of porcine blood anticoagulated with heparin sodium was circulated in the mock circuit, and protamine sulfate was administered. Flow rate (1 L/min), impeller vibrational frequency (70 Hz), and vibrational amplitude (30 µm) were set to constant. The experiment was terminated when the phase difference increased by over 2° from the minimum value. The experiments were performed in fibrinogen‐coated (group F, n = 5) and non‐coated pumps (group N, n = 5). In group F, thrombus formation was observed at the fibrinogen‐coated point of the housing. In contrast, a relatively small thrombus was observed in varying locations such as the housing or the impeller in group N. Thrombus formation time (the time from when the phase difference takes the minimum value to when the experiment is terminated) was different between the two groups. The mean time was significantly shorter in group F (44 ± 29 minutes) than in group N (143 ± 38 minutes; p = 0.0019). Therefore, a preconditioning method that induced thrombus formation at the target point inside a blood pump was successfully developed.
Increased number of large non‐atretic follicles and co‐dominance effects account for high litter sizes in Bonga sheep
Authors: Tera Dolebo Asrat , Melesse Aberra , Porcu Cristian , Getachew Tesfaye , Haile Aynalem , Rouatbi Mariem , Abate Zelalem , Zeleke Muluken , Rischkowsky Barbara , Mwacharo Joram M. , Rekik Mourad 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTo understand the ovarian basis for prolificacy of Bonga sheep, a total of 31 ewes were selected based on litter size (LS) records and divided into two groups: High Prolificacy (HP) (n = 20) with LS ≥ 2 and Low Prolificacy (LP) (n = 11) with LS = 1. At a synchronized estrus, follicular dynamics were determined using transrectal ultrasonography. Plasma estradiol concentrations were also monitored. In total 27 ewes were observed in estrus being 9/11 LP (82%) and 18/20 HP (90%). On the day of estrus (day 0), the mean number of large follicles was higher (p < .05) in HP (1.78 ± 0.19) than in LP (1.0 ± 0.28) ewes. Prior to estrus, more (p < .05) medium follicles were visible for HP compared to LP ewes. Plasma estradiol concentrations were higher in HP compared to LP ewes (18.91 ± 0.41 vs. 14.51 ± 0.65 pg/ml; p < .05) and similarly was ovulation number (2.3 ± 0.15 vs. 1.28 ± 0. 14; p < .05). Higher ovulation rates and litter size in Bonga sheep are evidenced by the previous presence of more large follicles and the existence of co‐dominance effects as most likely medium follicles are selected to ovulate.
The pyruvate kinase (PK) to hexokinase enzyme activity ratio and erythrocyte PK protein level in the diagnosis and phenotype of PK deficiency
Authors: Al‐Samkari Hanny , Addonizio Kathryn , Glader Bertil , Morton D. Holmes , Chonat Satheesh , Thompson Alexis A. , Kuo Kevin H. M. , Ravindranath Yaddanapudi , Wang Heng , Rothman Jennifer A. , Kwiatkowski Janet L. , Kung Charles , Kosinski Penelope A. , Al‐Sayegh Hasan , London Wendy B. , Grace Rachael F. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryDiagnosis of pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD), the most common cause of hereditary non‐spherocytic haemolytic anaemia, remains challenging in routine practice and no biomarkers for clinical severity have been characterised. This prospective study enrolled 41 patients with molecularly confirmed PKD from nine North American centres to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity of pyruvate kinase (PK) enzyme activity and PK:hexokinase (HK) enzyme activity ratio, and evaluate the erythrocyte PK (PK‐R) protein level and erythrocyte metabolites as biomarkers for clinical severity. In this population not transfused for ≥90 days before sampling, the diagnostic sensitivity of the PK enzyme assay was 90% [95% confidence interval (CI) 77–97%], whereas the PK:HK ratio sensitivity was 98% (95% CI 87–100%). There was no correlation between PK enzyme activity and clinical severity. Transfusion requirements correlated with normalised erythrocyte ATP levels (r = 0·527, P = 0·0016) and PK‐R protein levels (r = −0·527, P = 0·0028). PK‐R protein levels were significantly higher in the never transfused [median (range) 40·1 (9·8–73·9)%] versus ever transfused [median (range) 7·7 (0·4–15·1)%] patients (P = 0·0014). The PK:HK ratio had excellent sensitivity for PK diagnosis, superior to PKLR exon sequencing. Given that the number of PKLR variants and genotype combinations limits prognostication based on molecular findings, PK‐R protein level may be a useful prognostic biomarker of disease severity and merits further study.
Amphicarpic plants: definition, ecology, geographic distribution, systematics, life history, evolution and use in agriculture
Authors: Zhang Keliang , Baskin Jerry M. , Baskin Carol C. , Cheplick Gregory P. , Yang Xuejun , Huang Zhenying 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTAlthough most plants produce all of their fruits (seeds) aboveground, amphicarpic species produce fruits (seeds) both above‐ and belowground. Our primary aims were to determine the number of reported amphicarpic species and their taxonomic, geographic, life form and phylogenetic distribution, to evaluate differences in the life history of plants derived from aerial and subterranean seeds, to discuss the ecological and evolutionary significance of amphicarpy, to explore the use of amphicarpic plants in agriculture, and to suggest future research directions for studies on amphicarpy. Amphicarpy occurs in at least 67 herbaceous species (31 in Fabaceae) in 39 genera and 13 families of angiosperms distributed in various geographical regions of the world and in various habitats. Seeds from aerial and subterranean fruits differ in size/mass, degree of dormancy, dispersal and ability to form a persistent seed bank, with aerial seeds generally being smaller, more dormant and more likely to be dispersed and to form a seed bank than subterranean seeds. In addition, plants produced by aerial and subterranean seeds may differ in survival and growth, competitive ability and biomass allocation to reproduction. Amphicarpic plants may exhibit a high degree of plasticity during reproduction. Subterranean fruits are usually formed earlier than aerial ones, and plants may produce only subterranean propagules under stressful environmental conditions. Differences in the life histories of plants from aerial and subterranean seeds may be an adaptive bet‐hedging strategy.
Recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG is a promising platform to develop vaccines against Trypansoma cruzi infection
Authors: Bontempi I , Leal K , Prochetto E , Díaz G , Cabrera G , Bortolotti A , Morbidoni H R , Borsuk S , Dellagostin O , Marcipar I 
Published: May 2020

Summary
Chagas disease, caused by the hemoflagelate parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is one of the most prevalent endemic parasitoses, affecting 7–8 million people. Due to the complexity of the infection, no vaccines are availabel at present. The extraordinary adjuvant capacity of bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) was explored in this work to develop a vaccine candidate to protect against T. cruzi infection using the recombinant BCG (rBCG) vaccine platform. Three antigens of the parasite corresponding to the N and C terminal fragments of the enzyme trans-sialidase (NT-TS and CT-TS, respectively) and a fragment of the cruzipain enzyme (CZf) were cloned into the vectors pUS997 and pUS2000 and transformed into the BCG Pasteur strain. In vaccinated mice, rBCG expressing NT-TS in pUS2000 plasmid provided the highest protection and the lowest parasitemia after challenging BALB/c mice with a 50% lethal dose of parasites. When mice vaccinated with pUS2000-NT-TS were challenged with a 100% lethal dose of parasite, high levels of protection were also obtained, together with a low degree of cardiac lesions 120 days after infection. In immunized mice with pUS2000-NT-TS/rBCG clone, the proliferation of CD4+ cells from splenocytes stimulated with the TS antigen was significant; this stimulation increased interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-17 within CD4⁺ T lymphocytes (LTCD4+) cells and IFN-γ and CD107 expression within LTCD8+ cells. Therefore, pUS2000-NT-TS/rBCG conferred high levels of protection, which correlated with an immune response orientated towards a T helper type 1 (Th1)/Th17 profile, together with an LTC-specific response, indicating that rBCG is a promising platform to develop vaccines against T. cruzi.