bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A proteomic investigation of protein adsorption to cerebral microdialysis membranes in surgically treated intracerebral hemorrhage patients
Authors: Tobieson Lovisa , Czifra Zita , Wåhlén Karin , Marklund Niklas , Ghafouri Bijar 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Cerebral microdialysis (CMD) is a minimally invasive technique for sampling the interstitial fluid in human brain tissue. CMD allows monitoring the metabolic state of tissue, as well as sampling macromolecules such as proteins and peptides. Recovery of proteins or peptides can be hampered by their adsorption to the CMD membrane as has been previously shown in-vitro, however, protein adsorption to CMD membranes has not been characterized following implantation in human brain tissue. Methods In this paper, we describe the pattern of proteins adsorbed to CMD membranes compared to that of the microdialysate and of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We retrieved CMD membranes from three surgically treated intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients, and analyzed protein adsorption to the membranes using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) in combination with nano-liquid mass spectrometry. We compared the proteome profile of three compartments; the CMD membrane, the microdialysate and ventricular CSF collected at time of CMD removal. Results We found unique protein patterns for each of the three compartments, particularly in the molecular weight range of 10-35 kDa. Conclusion This study highlights the importance of analyzing the membranes in addition to the microdialysate when using CMD to sample proteins for biomarker investigation.
Association of arsenic exposure and cognitive impairment: a population-based cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Xin Wang , Xiaoyan Huang , Lu Zhou , Juan Chen , Xuxiang Zhang , Ke Xu , Zhijun Huang , Meian He , Minxue Shen , Xiang Chen , Beisha Tang , Lu Shen , Zhou Yafang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Chronic arsenic exposure is a major public health issue worldwide. Previous studies explored the effects of arsenic exposure on cognitive impairment, but majority of previous studies focused on the effects on school children rather than adults. Moreover, few studies investigated the role of arsenic exposure in cognitive impairment process in a large scale in China.Methods: Aimed to evaluate the association between long-term exposure to arsenic and cognitive impairment in China, we designed a cross-sectional analytical study in which 1,556 adults from three locations around the Realgar Plant (Heshan Village, Wangyangqiao Community and Baiyangshan Village) were enrolled. Participants’ general cognitive function were evaluated by using a Chinese version of Mini-mental state Examination (MMSE). Internal arsenic exposure status of participants (hair arsenic concentrations) was measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), and external arsenic exposure status of participants was approximately evaluated by measuring the distance between the participants’ location to Realgar Plant.Results: In our study, we found that the prevalence of cognitive impairment in arsenic-endemic areas was 20.6%, which was significantly higher than the prevalence of cognitive impairment in China (14.5%). Hair arsenic concentrations and prevalence of arsenicosis in cognitive impaired group (CI) was significantly higher than those in cognitive normal group (CN) (P<0.05).Conclusions: Our analyses revealed that the distance away from Realgar Plant was positively correlated with MMSE scores, while inversely associated with the prevalence of cognitive impairment. In addition, we found that MMSE scores were decreased with the increasing hair arsenic concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. In two-level Logistic regression analysis, arsenicosis was still a risk factor for cognitive impairment (odds ratio (OR) =1.77, P<0.05) even after adjusting for potential confounding variables. Our results showed that chronic arsenic exposure decreased cognitive function in adults in a dose-dependent manner, and arsenicosis was a risk factor for cognitive impairment.
Comprehensive multi-omics analysis identifies an immune related predicting model in early stage breast cancer
Authors: Li Xuan , Jin Wei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Breast cancer is known the highest incidence cancer in women. Tumor-infiltrating immune cells were reported closely related to cancers’ fate but it’s function still not very clear in breast cancer. The aim of our study is to build a infiltrating immune cells based nomogram model to better predict patients survival and explore its relationship with immune features. Methods We first use CIBERSORT to analyze 22 immune cells’ status in two unrelated breast cancer cohorts (TCGA and METRABRIC). The univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to analyze the prognostic ability of immune cells and other clinicopathological factors. Nomogram model were built by using independent prognostic factors. Different immune signatures and gene enrichment analysis were performed in different nomogram risk groups. Results Multivariate cox analysis showed that Macrophages M2 with HR of 1.733 (95% CI: 1.013-2.966) in TCGA cohort and 1.334 (95% CI: 1.125-1.581) in METABRIC cohort is the only independent prognostic factor among the 22 immune cells in early stage breast cancer. Macrophages M2, age, TNM stage and molecular types were used to build the nomogram model. The AUC of the ROC of nomogram reached 0.732 in TCGA cohort and 0.702 in METABRIC cohort. Using the nomogram score can better classified patients to low and high risk group. High risk group showed higher malignant signatures and predicted immunotherapy response rates than low risk group which consistent with the gene entrenchment analysis. Conclusion In this study, we revealed that M2 macrophages could predict the OS of breast cancer patients. Based on M2 and other clinical features we established a nomogram model which were significantly different in immune features that can better assess the OS risk or be a predictor for the immunotherapy response in breast cancer for further research.
Knowledge on intrapartum care practices among skilled birth attendants in Cambodia – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Matsui Mitsuaki , Saito Yuko , Po Rithy , Taing Bunsreng , Nhek Chamnan , Tung Rathavy , Masaki Yoko , Iwamoto Azusa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDelivery is a critical moment for parturient women and babies, and careful monitoring is essential throughout the delivery process. The partograph is a useful tool for monitoring and assessing labour progress as well as maternal and foetal conditions; however, it is often used inaccurately or inappropriately. A gap between practices and evidence-based guidelines has been reported in Cambodia, perhaps due to a lack of evidence-based knowledge in maternity care. This study aims to address i) to what extent skilled birth attendants in the first-line health services in Cambodia have knowledge on the management of normal delivery, and ii) what factors are associated with their level of knowledge.MethodsMidwives and nurses were recruited working in maternity in first-line public health facilities in Phnom Penh municipality, Kampong Cham and Svay Rieng provinces. Two self-administered questionnaires were applied. The first consisted of three sections with questions on monitoring aspects of the partograph: progress of labour, foetal, and maternal conditions. The second consisted of questions on diagnostic criteria, normal ranges, and standard intervals of monitoring during labour. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify relationships between characteristics of the participants and the questionnaire scores.ResultsOf 542 eligible midwives and nurses, 523 (96%) participated. The overall mean score was 58%. Only 3% got scores of more than 90%. Multivariate analysis revealed that ‘Kampong Cham province’, ‘younger age’, and ‘higher qualification’ were significantly associated with higher scores. Previous training experience was not associated with the score. Substantial proportions of misclassification of monitoring items during labour were found; for example, 61% answered uterine contraction as a foetal condition, and 44% answered foetal head descent and 26% answered foetal heart rate as a maternal condition.ConclusionThis study found that knowledge was low on delivery management among skilled birth attendants in the study. Previous training experience did not influence the knowledge level, but this might be improved by Midwifery Coordination Alliance Team (MCAT) activities. A lack of understanding of physiology and anatomy was implied. Further experimental approaches should be attempted to improve the knowledge and to provide quality maternity services in Cambodia.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Direct Agglutination Test for Serodiagnosis of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
Authors: Mohebali Mehdi , Keshavarz Hossein , Shirmohammad Sedigheh , Akhoundi Behnaz , Borjian Alireza , Hassanpour Gholamreza , Mamishi Setareh , Mahmoudi Shima 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: agglutination test (DAT) as simple, accurate and non-expensive tool that has been used widely for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) during the last three decades. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of DAT for serodiagnosis of human VL.Methods: Electronic databases, including MEDLINE (via PubMed), SCOPUS, Web of Science, SID and Mag Iran (two Persian scientific search engines) were searched from December 2004 to April 2019.The study quality was evaluated using the QUADAS checklist. We determined the sensitivities and specificities across studies, calculated positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR+ and LR-), and constructed summary receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves parameters.Results: Of the 2928 records identified in the mentioned electronic databases and through articles’ reference lists, 25 articles met inclusion criteria and enrolled into the systematic review and among them 22 records were qualified for meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of DAT was 96% [(95% CI, 93–98] )and 95% [(95 % CI, 88–98]), respectively. The likelihood ratio of a positive test (LR+) was found to be 19.8 [CI95%, 7.6–51.8] and the likelihood ratio of a negative test (LR−) was found to be 0.04 [CI95%, 0.02–0.08]. The combined estimate of the diagnostic odds ratio for DAT was high [454 )136-1561]) ].We found that the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) is positioned near the upper left corner of the curve and the area under curve (AUC) was 0.98 (95% CI, 0.97 to 0.99).Conclusion: Based on our analysis, we find DAT can be considered as valuable tool for the serodiagnosis and seroprevalence of human VL with high sensitivity and specificityrates. As DAT is simple, accurate ,non-invasive and efficient serological test, it can be used for serodiagnosis of human VL particularly in endemic areas of the disease.
DFNA5 attenuated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma acquired with radio-resistance and associated with PD-L2
Authors: Huang Weiqiang , Yuan Lu , Zheng Qiaocong , Pan Hua , Yang Mi , Wu Xixi , Zhang Longshan , He Benfu , Wang Xiaoqing , Li Shaoqun , Wang Yin , Ye Feng , Guan Jian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Treatment of recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) after radiotherapy (RT) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have attained certain success recently. However, some patients remained progressed and the total efficacy was finite, highlighting the need to identify new therapeutic options. DFNA5, also called GSDME, could switch chemotherapy drug induced-pyroptosis mediated by caspase-3. Presently, the relationship between DFNA5 and radiation in HNSCC remained unclear. Here, we showed that DFNA5 was up-regulated in HNSCC, and correlated with the expression of PD-L2, both of which reduced after the acquisition of radioresistance. Furthermore, PD-L1 was also tended to attenuate in radiation-resistant HNSCC. In sum, we showed that DFNA5 overexpressed in HNSCC and decreased with PD-L2 after attaining radiation-resistance, suggesting the potential role of DFNA5 as a possible combined target to amplify the immunotherapeutic efficacy in the future.
Physical therapy interventions for older people with vertigo, dizziness and balance disorders addressing mobility and participation: a systematic review
Authors: Regauer Verena , Seckler Eva , Müller Martin , Bauer Petra 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Vertigo, dizziness and balance disorders (VDB) are among the most relevant contributors to the burden of disability among older adults living in the community and associated with immobility, limitations of activities of daily living and decreased participation. The aim of this study was to identify the quality of evidence of physical therapy interventions that address mobility and participation in older patients with VDB and to characterize the used primary and secondary outcomes. Methods A systematic search via MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PEDro, forward citation tracing and hand search was conducted initially in 11/2017 and updated in 7/2019. We included individual and cluster-randomized controlled trials and trials with quasi-experimental design, published between 2007 and 2017/2019 and including individuals ≥ 65 years with VDB. Physical therapy and related interventions were reviewed with no restrictions to outcome measurement. Screening of titles, abstracts and full texts, data extraction and critical appraisal was conducted by two independent researchers. The included studies were heterogeneous in terms of interventions and outcome measures. Therefore, a narrative synthesis was conducted. Results A total of 20 randomized and 2 non-randomized controlled trials with 1,876 patients met the inclusion criteria. The included studies were heterogeneous in terms of complexity of interventions, outcome measures and methodological quality. Vestibular rehabilitation (VR) was examined in twelve studies, computer-assisted VR (CAVR) in five, Tai Chi as VR (TCVR) in three, canal repositioning manoeuvres (CRM) in one and manual therapy (MT) in one study. Mixed effects were found regarding body structure/function and activities/participation. Quality of life and/or falls were assessed, with no differences between groups. VR is with moderate quality of evidence superior to usual care to improve balance, mobility and symptoms. Conclusion To treat older individuals with VDB, VR in any variation and in addition to CRMs seems to be effective. High-quality randomized trials need to be conducted to inform clinical decision making.
Using augmented reality technology for balance training in the elderly. A feasibility study
Authors: Blomqvist Sven , Seipel Stefen , Engström Maria 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundImpaired balance leading to falls is common in the elderly, and there is strong evidence that balance training reduces falls and increases independence. Reduced resources in health care will result in fewer people getting help with rehabilitation training. In this regard, the new technology augmented reality (AR) could be helpful. With AR the elderly can receive help with instructions and get feedback on their progression in balance training. The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of using AR-based visual-interactive tools in balance training of the elderly.MethodsSeven elderly participants (66-88 years old) with impaired balance trained under supervision of a physiotherapist twice a week for six weeks using AR-based visual-interactive guidance, which was facilitated through a Microsoft HoloLens holographic display. Afterwards, participants and physiotherapists were interviewed about the new technology and their experience of the training. Also, fear of falling, balance and physical ability were measured before and after training.ResultsMost participants experienced the new technology as positive in terms of increased motivation and feedback. Experiences were mixed regarding the physical and technical aspects of the HoloLens and the design of the HoloLens application. The majority of participants perceived that they were steadier after training; this was also shown in the balance tests. Also, most participants reduced their fear of falling after the training. Participants also described issues that needed to be further improved, for example, the training program was difficult and monotonous. Further, the HoloLens hardware was felt to be heavy, the application's menu was difficult to control with different hand maneuvers, and the calibration took a long time. Suggestions for improvements were described.ConclusionsThe study showed that training with the new technology is, to some extent, feasible for the elderly, but needs further development. Also, the technology seemed to stimulate increased motivation and adherence to training. However, the new technology and training requires further development and testing in a larger context.
Conscious sedation for the management of dental anxiety in third molar extraction surgery: a systematic review.
Authors: Melini Matteo , Forni Andrea , Cavallin Francesco , Parotto Matteo , Zanette Gastone 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Dental anxiety is a condition associated with avoidance of dental treatment and increased medical and surgical risks. This systematic review aims to summarize available evidence on conscious sedation techniques used for the management of Dental anxiety in patients scheduled for third molar extraction surgery, to identify best approaches and knowledge gaps. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted including MEDLINE/Pubmed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, clinicaltrials.gov and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews through March 2019. Only randomized controlled trials were included. PRISMA guidelines were followed. Risk of bias was appraised as reported in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Results: Seventeen RCTs with a total of 1,788 patients were included. Some aspects limited the feasibility of a meaningful meta-analysis, thus a narrative synthesis was conducted. Conscious sedation was associated with improvement in Dental anxiety in six studies. One study reported lower cortisol levels with midazolam vs. placebo, while another study found significant variation in perioperative renin levels with remifentanil vs. placebo. Conclusions: This review found inconclusive and conflicting findings about the role of Conscious sedation in managing Dental anxiety during third molar extraction surgery. Relevant questions remain unanswered due to the lack of consistent, standardized outcome measures. Future research may benefit from addressing these limitations in study design.
Psoralen alleviates high glucose-induced HK-2 cell injury via upregulating miR-874
Authors: Lin Yongtao , Zhong Lili , Li Hailun , Xu Yong , Li Xiang , Zheng Donghui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) causes the vast proportion of excess mortality for patients with diabetes. Novel therapeutic approaches slowing down its incidence is still lacking. Psoralen is the major active ingredient of Psoralea corylifolia Linn. (PCL), which was used to treat a number of diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether psoralen could alleviate DN and to explore the underlying mechanisms.Methods: Cell viability assay and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the effect of psoralen on high glucose (HG)-stimulated human kidney HK-2 cells. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expressions of miRNA in cells. Cell transfection, apoptosis assay and Western blot were further performed to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.Results: Psoralen alleviated HG-induced viability decrease of HK-2 cells via inhibiting apoptosis. Meanwhile, the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation induced by HG in HK-2 cells were also decreased by psoralen. In addition, the expression of miR-874 in HK-2 cells was significantly upregulated by psoralen. Western blot assays indicated that psoralen inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling via upregulation of miR-874.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that psoralen could significantly alleviate HG-induced HK-2 cell injury via upregulation of miR-874. Therefore, psoralen might serve as an agent for the treatment of DN.
Knowledge of and barriers to palliative care perceived by healthcare providers before and after promotion of the Patient Autonomy Act: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen I-Hui , Kuo Shu-Fen , Lin Yen-Kuang , Huang Tsai-Wei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: During the period of 2016~2018, many efforts were put into promoting the Patient Autonomy Act (PAA) in Taiwan, such as nationally sponsoring advertisements, promoting campaigns, and conducting in-service training programs for healthcare providers. However, no study has examined the impacts of promoting the PAA on healthcare providers. This study was designed to investigate healthcare providers’ knowledge of palliative care and perceptions of palliative care barriers before and after promoting the PAA. Methods: A cross-sectional design was conducted in 2013 and 2018 respectively that used a self-reporting questionnaire to examine healthcare providers’ knowledge of palliative care and perceived barriers to providing palliative care. One hospital recruited 277 healthcare providers in 2013 and 222 healthcare providers in 2018 in another hospital. Statistical analyses involved descriptive statistics for demographic characters. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to identify predictors of knowledge of and perceived barriers to palliative care. A principal component analysis was to identify the most appropriate factorial structure for the contents of knowledge and perceived barriers to palliative care. Results: Three factors related to knowledge of palliative care were identified in both 2013 and 2018 data: ‘policy, regulation, and promotion’, ‘philosophy and treatments’, and ‘myths and misunderstandings’. Study findings in the two periods were similar. As for barriers to providing palliative care, three factors were identified in 2013 of ‘quality palliative care’, ‘palliative care difficulties’ and ‘messaging and communication’, and in 2018 of ‘messaging and information’, ‘knowledge and attitudes’ and ‘quality palliative care’ were identified. Study findings differed between the two periods. Conclusion: After implementation of the PAA, perceived barriers changed. Policies can better reinforce mitigating strategies—including opportunities for education, shared decision-making, and changes in institutions and care systems. Also, assessing barriers creates important opportunities for further research to address the most critical aspects to improving end-of-life care for patients and their families.