bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental status of patients with chronic insomnia in China during COVID-19 epidemic
Authors: Yang Lili , Yu Zhenghe , Xu You , Liu Wenjuan , Liu Lu , Mao Hongjing 
Published: June 2020

Aim: To study the sleep and mental health of chronic insomnia patients in China during coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Methods: A total of 764 patients with chronic insomnia were included in this study. From 17 January 2020 to 24 January 2020, insomnia, anxiety and physical symptoms were evaluated online, and they were followed up for 4 and 8 weeks. Main outcomes and indicators were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and each factor score, the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), respectively. In addition, insomnia, anxiety and physical symptoms were assessed at baseline and at the end of fourth and eighth weeks. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare the changes in patients’ scale scores at different time points. Results: Among the 764 participants, there were 755 and 738 evaluators who completed the fourth and eighth weeks, respectively, and the questionnaire completion rates were 98.82% and 96.60%, respectively. Among them, there are 459 (60.0%) aged 41–60 years old, 546 (71.5%) women, 218 (28.5%) men and 313 (41%) college degrees. After 8 weeks of follow-up, the differences in sleep status, anxiety symptoms and physical symptoms were statistically significant. Among the factors of PSQI, there were differences in subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep disturbance (disorder), sleep efficiency and daytime function. At 4 weeks of follow-up, there was a statistically significant difference in the use of hypnotic drugs; at 8 weeks of follow-up, there was no statistically significant difference in the use of hypnotic drugs. Conclusion: Under the influence of the COVID-19, the sleep status and anxiety of patients with chronic insomnia are affected by the epidemic.
Internet Pornography: Some Medical and Spiritual Perspectives
Authors: McTavish James 
Published: June 2020

The Internet has made pornography available on a massive scale. Data released by “Pornhub” the world’s most popular Internet porn site, reveal that in 2019 alone, there were over 42 billion visits to its website, which in itself is an incredible waste of time and energy, which could be more fruitfully employed. Pornography viewing is poisonous for the conscience and commodifies the human body, reducing it to an object of abusive pleasure. Its negative effects can be broadly seen in three overlapping categories: personal, psychological, and social. The antidote is a renewed call to chastity, that self-mastery that can help direct one’s passions in a more fruitful way. Without prayer, we cannot live chastely as “the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak” (Matthew 26:41). There is an urgency for the new evangelization to help recapture the dignity of the body and counter the lie of pornography, and to ensure that in the digital world, the face of Christ needs to be seen and his voice heard. Summary: The first part of this essay outlines some personal, psychological, and social dangers of pornography. Viewing of pornography is harmful, as it objectifies the human body and distorts one’s vision of sexuality. The second part of the essay gives some practical advice concerning how to ideally halt or reverse the epidemic of porn viewing, emphasizing the dignity of each person as subject, and reminding us of how a chaste gaze helps one rediscover the real beauty and value of the human body.
End-of-life care in COVID-19: An audit of pharmacological management in hospital inpatients
Authors: Jackson Timothy , Hobson Katie , Clare Hannah , Weegmann Daniel , Moloughney Catherine , McManus Sally 
Published: June 2020

Background: Hospital clinicians have had to rapidly develop expertise in managing the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 including symptoms common at the end of life, such as breathlessness and agitation. There is limited evidence exploring whether end-of-life symptom control in this group requires new or adapted guidance. Aim: To review whether prescribing for symptom control in patients dying with COVID-19 adhered to existing local guidance or whether there was deviation which may represent a need for revised guidance or specialist support in particular patient groups. Design/setting: A retrospective review of the electronic patient record of 61 hospital inpatients referred to the specialist palliative care team with swab-confirmed COVID-19 who subsequently died over a 1-month period. Intubated patients were excluded. Results: In all, 83% (40/48) of patients were prescribed opioids at a starting dose consistent with existing local guidelines. In seven of eight patients where higher doses were prescribed, this was on specialist palliative care team advice. Mean total opioid dose required in the last 24 h of life was 14 mg morphine subcutaneous equivalent, and mean total midazolam dose was 9.5 mg. For three patients in whom non-invasive ventilation was in place higher doses were used. Conclusion: Prescription of end-of-life symptom control drugs for COVID-19 fell within the existing guidance when supported by specialist palliative care advice. While some patients may require increased doses, routine prescription of higher starting opioid and benzodiazepine doses beyond existing local guidance was not observed.
Effect of Education on Preventive Behaviors of Osteoporosis in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abdolalipour Somyieh , Mirghafourvand Mojgan 
Published: June 2020

Background Osteoporosis is one of the diseases that can be prevented by correcting health behaviors during adolescence. Objective This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of education on preventive behaviors of osteoporosis including physical activity, calcium intake and practice (primary outcomes) and knowledge and attitude related to osteoporosis (secondary outcomes) in adolescents. Method A search was done in Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Sciences, Scopus, Google Scholar, SID and Magiran regardless of the time limit. To evaluate the quality of selected controlled trials, Cochrane collaboration' instrument was used for assessing the risk of bias. RevMan software was used to analysis and report the data. Results Of 2159 articles retrieved, 20 of them were reviewed and 18 of them entered the mete-analysis. The meta-analysis showed significant differences between the education and control groups in terms of calcium intake (SMD = 0.78, 95%CI = 0.55 to 1.02, P < 0.00001), practice (SMD = 0.54, 95%CI = 0.41 to 0.68, P < 0.0001), knowledge (SMD = 1.76, 95%CI = 1.10 to 2.42, P < 0.00001) and attitude (SMD = 0.96, 95%CI = 0.53 to 1.40, P < 0.0001) mean score in adolescents but education is not effective on average minute/week of physical activity per week (MD = 31.94, 95%CI = −6.53 to 70.40, P = 0.10), mean score of physical activity (MD = 2.66, 95%CI = −0.55 to 5.88, P = 0.10) and percent of students participated in the physical activity (OR = 1.45, 95%CI = 0.30 to 6.91, P = 0.64). Conclusion Education is effective in improving their knowledge and attitudes toward osteoporosis. It can also improve some health-related behaviors for bone health such as sufficient dairy calcium intake but it has not been effective in establishing a regular exercise program.
Utility of real-time image fusion technology in ultrasonography-guided fiducial marker implantation for stereotactic body radiation therapy for liver tumors
Authors: Tokunaga Koji , Furuta Akihiro , Iizuka Yusuke , Isoda Hiroyoshi , Togashi Kaori 
Published: June 2020

Background Ultrasonography (US) is useful when implanting fiducial markers in the liver. However, the implant position is sometimes lost. Recently, real-time image fusion technology (Volume Navigation [V-navi]; GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA) has been introduced as a technique for using images from different modalities, and its utility for fiducial marker implantation has been hypothesized. Purpose To evaluate the utility of US-guided fiducial marker implantation in the liver using V-navi compared to conventional US. Material and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 35 patients who underwent fiducial marker implantation for stereotactic body radiation therapy of liver tumors in 2013–2018. To avoid artifacts obscuring the tumor, the target point of implantation was set 10 mm cranial or caudal to the tumor. Marker implantation was then performed using US alone (US group, n = 24) or V-navi with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (V-navi group, n = 11). Postprocedural CT was evaluated to determine technical success, distances between marker and either tumor surface or target point, and whether marker-induced artifacts obscured the tumor. Complications were also evaluated. Results were compared between groups. Results Technical success was obtained in 33 patients. Distance between the tumor and marker showed no significant difference between groups. Distance between target point and marker was shorter in the V-navi group ( P = 0.0093). Tumor-obscuring artifacts were seen in 12 patients (V-navi group, n = 1; US group, n = 11; P = 0.055). The only complication was minor bleeding in the US group (n = 1). Conclusion V-navi appears useful for US-guided fiducial marker implantation in the liver compared with conventional US.
Radiological pitfalls associated with the diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia pattern on high-resolution computed tomography and associated findings: experience from a single Italian center
Authors: Ricci Francesca , Cavallo Armando Ugo , Luca Pugliese , Vincenzo De Stasio , Monia Pasqualetto , D’Errico Francesca , Benelli Leonardo , Paola Rogliani , Floris Roberto , Chiocchi Marcello 
Published: June 2020

Background The diagnostic algorithm for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) based on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings and multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) has been well established. Purpose To identify the causes of disagreement between non-thoracic and thoracic radiologist involved in MDD for the imaging diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) patterns and associated findings on HRCT and to improve the understanding of IPF by non-expert radiologists through a more systematic approach to HRCT. Material and Methods This study included 68 patients who underwent MDD for suspected IPF. We compared the first reports generated before MDD by non-expert radiologists with the CT pattern and associated findings of IPF reported by thoracic radiologist involved in MDD. Results Regarding the diagnosis of CT pattern by non-expert radiologists, 30/68 patients received a discordant diagnosis, and in another 28 reports, all features of the CT pattern were described without reaching a diagnostic conclusion. The first report was concordant in only 10 patients. For 63 cases in which associated findings were reported by expert radiologists in MDD, we documented discrepancies in 47 cases where associated findings were considered absent by the first non-thoracic radiologist. Conclusion We found significant discrepancies in the imaging diagnosis of UIP patterns and associated findings on HRCT between non-expert and thoracic radiologists included in MDD. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed and suggested diagnostic strategies to improve non-expert radiologists’ approach to HRCT.
Effects of neuromuscular blocking drugs on viability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)
Authors: Doğan Sevil Ceyhan , Polat Zubeyde Akin , Deren Serpil , Yayci Saliha Feyza , Cetin Ali 
Published: June 2020

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of neuromuscular blocking drugs on the viability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and to investigate whether they cause vascular complications due to cell proliferation. Methods HUVECs were cultivated with 5% CO2 at 37°C in a predefined supplemented medium over 7 days until confluence of cell monolayers. Assays were conducted during the exponential growth phase. Suxamethonium chloride, vecuronium bromide, atracurium besylate, and rocuronium bromide were used at concentrations of 10–5, 10–6, and 10–7 M in proliferation assays in which cells were incubated with these drugs for 24, 48, and 72 hours. All experiments were performed in four replicates. Results The neuromuscular blocking drugs used had comparable effects on the survivability of HUVECs. Overall, no significant difference was observed in the survivability of HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner after exposure to the study drugs. However, some significant differences in the viability of HUVECs were found among the different measurement times. Conclusions The findings of the current study support the safety of the studied neuromuscular blocking drugs in clinically relevant concentrations regarding their effects on endothelial cell proliferation.
A chalcone inhibits the growth and metastasis of KYSE-4 esophageal cancer cells
Authors: Chen Jie , Kang Chun-Yan , Niu Zhao-Xia , Zhou Hui-Cong , Yang Hong-Mei 
Published: June 2020

Objective To investigate the in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of a chalcone against KYSE-4 esophageal cancer cells. Methods A chalcone was synthesized via the molecular hybridization strategy based on the anticancer activity of chalcone and dithiocarbamate scaffolds. The anticancer effects of different concentrations of the chalcone derivative were compared in esophageal cancer cells. Results This chalcone displayed strong inhibitory effects on esophageal cancer cell growth with an IC50 of 1.06 μM in KYSE-4 cells. Analysis of the mechanism revealed that the derivative obviously inhibited KYSE-4 cell growth, migration, and invasion in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the compound regulated migration-related biomarkers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Slug) and inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. According to western blotting, this chalcone suppressed the expression of proline-rich protein 11 (PRR11) in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Conclusions This chalcone might be a leading candidate for suppressing the growth and metastasis of esophageal cancer by downregulating PRR11 expression and inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
Establishment of a swine model of traumatic cardiac arrest induced by haemorrhage and ventricular fibrillation
Authors: Shen Peng , Xu Jie-Feng , Gao Yu-Zhi , Xia Sen-Lin , Liu Shao-Yun , Zhang Mao 
Published: June 2020

Objective To establish and evaluate a swine model of traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) induced by haemorrhage and ventricular fibrillation. Methods Thirteen male pigs were divided into a sham group ( n = 5) and TCA group ( n = 8). Animals in the sham-operated group underwent intubation and monitoring but not haemorrhage and resuscitation, while animals in the TCA group underwent 40% blood volume haemorrhage over 20 min followed by 5 min of ventricular fibrillation and 5 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation with fluid resuscitation. Results Restoration of spontaneous circulation was achieved in seven of eight animals in the TCA group. After resuscitation, the heart rate was significantly increased while the mean arterial pressure and ejection fraction were significantly decreased in the TCA group. The TCA group had significant cardiac and neurological injuries post-resuscitation and had higher serum creatinine and blood lactic acid levels and lower PaO2 than the sham group. Animals in the TCA group also exhibited significantly higher apoptotic indices and caspase-3 protein levels in the heart, brain and kidney than the sham group. Conclusion Animals in this swine model of TCA exhibited high rates of successful resuscitation, significant vital organ injury and prolonged survival. The model is suitable for use in further TCA research.
Predictors of dietary self-efficacy in high glycosylated hemoglobin A1c type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Köbling Tamás , Váradi Zita , Katona Éva , Somodi Sándor , Kempler Péter , Páll Dénes , Zrínyi Miklós 
Published: June 2020

Objective To predict dietary self-efficacy behaviors in high glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) patients using type D personality (TDP) and other psychosocial measures. Methods A cross-sectional, predictive research design was implemented. Participants were type 2 diabetes mellitus patients diagnosed more than 2 years prior to the study. Data were collected for demographics, dietary self-efficacy and psychological measures. Spearman’s rank-order correlation was used to test for relationships, the Mann–Whitney test was used to test for differences and multiple linear regression was used to examine predictors of dietary self-efficacy. Results Lower dietary self-efficacy was strongly correlated with greater social isolation (r = 0.93) and moderately correlated with more mental health problems (r = 0.20) and higher TDP scores (r = 0.17). Higher HbA1c was inversely related to self-reported physical health (r = −0.19). Social and emotional isolation and time since diagnosis predicted dietary self-efficacy (greater isolation was associated with more dietary management difficulties). Conclusions Regression outcomes suggested that a 10% decrease in social isolation improves dietary self-efficacy by 30%, a significant boost to therapeutic adherence. We recommend assessment of social isolation to improve dietary self-efficacy and achieve better patient adherence to therapy.
Comparison of the efficacy and safety of CELBESTA® versus CELEBREX® in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a 6-week, multicenter, double-blind, double-dummy, active-controlled, randomized, parallel-group, non-inferiority phase 4 clinical trial
Authors: Kim Hyun-Sook , Choi Won-Ho , Kim Bo Young , Kim Sung Soo , Lee Sang-Il , Kim Sang-Hyon , Choi Sung Jae , Kim Geun-Tae , Hur Jin-Wuk , Lee Myeung-Su , Kim Yun Sung , Hong Seung-Jae 
Published: June 2020

Objectives Celecoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor that is commonly used to reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). CELBESTA® is a generic equivalent to CELEBREX®, a celecoxib preparation. This study compared the efficacy and safety of CELBESTA® and CELEBREX® in patients with RA. Methods This was a multicenter, double-blind, double-dummy, active-controlled, randomized, parallel-group, non-inferiority clinical trial. The primary endpoint was a change from baseline in self-assessed pain intensity determined using a 100-mm visual analog scale after 6 weeks of treatment. Results After a washout period, 119 eligible subjects were randomized to one of two groups (CELBESTA® group, n = 61; CELEBREX® group, n = 58). CELBESTA® was not inferior to CELEBREX® because the upper limit of two-sided 95% confidence interval (CI) for the difference between the two groups (difference in the least square [LS] mean, −8.68 mm; two-sided 95% CI −16.59 mm to −0.77 mm) was less than the non-inferiority margin (10 mm). There were no significant differences in GI complications and renal toxicity. Conclusions CELBESTA® was not inferior to CELEBREX® with regard to the pain relief efficacy in RA patients, and the tolerability and safety profiles were excellent and at similar levels for both preparations.
A new peripheral endothelial function measurement improves prediction of symptomatic coronary artery disease
Authors: Du Beibei , Si Daoyuan , Zhao Dong , Zhao Yanan , Wagatsuma Kenji , He Yuquan , Yang Ping 
Published: June 2020

Objective This study aimed to determine whether a peripheral artery volume (PAV) test can improve the predictive value of the age-adjusted Framingham risk score (AFRS) for coronary artery disease (CAD) in symptomatic patients. Methods A total of 317 consecutive patients who were referred for coronary angiography were prospectively enrolled. Before cardiac catheterization, a PAV test was performed to measure changes in pulsatile blood flow volume following reactive hyperemia. Results PAV was significantly lower in patients with CAD than in those without CAD (1.21 ± 0.32 vs. 1.50 ± 0.45). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PAV and the AFRS were independent predictors of CAD. Pairwise comparison of receiver operating characteristic curves showed that the predictive power for CAD increased when PAV was incorporated into the AFRS (area under the curve: from 0.76 to 0.80). The net reclassification index was also improved when PAV was added to the AFRS (0.65, 95% confidence interval: 0.44–0.85). Conclusions Digital endothelial function measurement is an independent predictor of CAD. PAV is potentially useful for identifying patients at high risk for CAD.
Loss of death-associated protein kinase 1 in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells decreases immunosuppression of CD4+ T cells
Authors: Wang Shan , Su Hongjun , Feng Pei , Deng Wen , Su Chunyan , Wu Yanfeng , Shen Huiyong 
Published: June 2020

Objective To explore the roles of human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) in modulating CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferation. Methods Human MSCs and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and cocultured in vitro for 3 days. Lentiviral-mediated RNA interference (LV-sh-DAPK1) was used to silence DAPK1 expression in hMSCs. Expression of DAPK1 was assessed by western blotting. Transcriptional levels of DAPK1, transforming growth factor-β1, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin (IL)-6, suppressor of cytokine signaling 1, IL-10 and cyclooxygenase-2 were investigated by quantitative PCR. Levels of IL-10 were assessed by ELISA. Proliferation of CD4+ T cells was assessed by flow cytometry. Results DAPK1 was abundantly expressed in ex vivo-expanded hMSCs and expression was positively correlated with hMSC suppression of CD4+ T cell proliferation. Silencing of DAPK1 in hMSCs reduced the ability of these cells to inhibit CD4+ T cell proliferation and resulted in decreased IL-10 levels compared with untreated controls. Exogenous supplementation with recombinant human IL-10 in DAPK1-silenced hMSCs restored immunosuppression of CD4+ T cells. Conclusions The DAPK1-IL-10 axis mediates a novel immunoregulatory function of hMSCs toward CD4+ T cells.
Spatial Organisation of Northeast India: Colonial Politics, Power Structure and Hills–Plains Relationship
Authors: Kapai Yuimirin 
Published: June 2020

The article examines the ideological framework and the principal concerns and interests that underline the colonial policy towards the hill ‘tribes’ of Northeast India. It elaborates on an argument that the colonial spatial ordering of the region privileges the valleys over the hills. The colonial rule establishes and maintains the structural imbalance of the region by making the plains the centres and by relegating the hills to the peripheral ‘others’, thereby perpetuating the power configuration implicit in the spatial organisation. Emphasis on paternalistic reasoning of the British policy towards the hills has clouded the stamp of indifference and insensitivity that underlay the policies. The policy also ‘excluded’ the hill peoples from access to education, engagement in modern economy, and development of infrastructures. The practice of reading the history of the British policy towards the hills appears to be essentially concerned with the elucidation of the hill peoples’ separatist attitude. By reading the history through the lens of categories such as centre-periphery, power relations and uneven development, the article contends that the colonial policy of segregation charts a historical trajectory, which is at variance with what the hegemonic discourse has established.