bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recommended prophylactic and management strategies for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in transplant recipients
Authors: Ju Chun‐Rong , Lian Qiao‐Yan , Zhang Jian‐Heng , Qiu Tao , Cai Zhi‐Tao , Jiang Wen‐Yang , Zhang Jing , Cheng Qin , Chen Gang , Li Ning , Wang Chun‐Yan , He Jian‐Xing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSince December 2019, increasing attention has been paid to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) epidemic in Wuhan, China. SARS‐CoV‐2 primarily invades the respiratory tract and lungs, leading to pneumonia and other systemic disorders. The effect of SARS‐CoV‐2 in transplant recipients has raised significant concerns, especially because there is a large population of transplant recipients in China. Based on the current epidemic situation, this study reviewed publications on this virus and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), analyzed common features of respiratory viral pneumonias, and presented the currently reported clinical characteristics of COVID‐19 in transplant recipients to improve strategies regarding the diagnosis and treatment of COVID‐19 in this special population.
Post-operative Brugada electrocardiographic pattern, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, and sudden death in a child after administration of propofol anaesthesia
Authors: Uzun Duygu , Hassan Nimra , Kohli Utkarsh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA 9-year-old African-American girl presented with sudden cardiac arrest a few hours after adenotonsillectomy. She received anaesthesia which included propofol during the procedure. Her electrocardiogram (EKG) showed type 1 Brugada pattern, and genetic testing revealed a variant of unknown significance in desmoplakin (DSP) gene. We discuss the association between propofol, Brugada EKG pattern, and malignant ventricular arrhythmias.
INDUCTIVE LIMITS OF C*-ALGEBRAS AND COMPACT QUANTUM METRIC SPACES
Authors: AGUILAR KONRAD 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGiven a unital inductive limit of C*-algebras for which each C*-algebra of the inductive sequence comes equipped with a Rieffel compact quantum metric, we produce sufficient conditions to build a compact quantum metric on the inductive limit from the quantum metrics on the inductive sequence by utilizing the completeness of the dual Gromov–Hausdorff propinquity of Latrémolière on compact quantum metric spaces. This allows us to place new quantum metrics on all unital approximately finite-dimensional (AF) algebras that extend our previous work with Latrémolière on unital AF algebras with faithful tracial state. As a consequence, we produce a continuous image of the entire Fell topology on the ideal space of any unital AF algebra in the dual Gromov–Hausdorff propinquity topology.
Seismic Anisotropy in the Java‐Banda and Philippine Subduction Zones and its Implications for the Mantle Flow System Beneath the Sunda Plate
Authors: Wang Lingling , He Xiaobo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Sunda Plate is a minor tectonic plate bounded by tectonically active convergent boundaries, below which are subducting: the Philippine Sea Plate to the east and the Indo‐Australian Plate to the south and west. It is thus an ideal tectonic setting for investigating the interaction between subduction and asthenospheric flow. To better understand mantle interactions within the two nearly perpendicular subduction zones, we characterize seismic anisotropy by conducting a source‐side sS splitting analysis, which allows us to improve spatial resolution of anisotropic fabrics, in particular underneath the backarc regions, which are poorly constrained by previous studies. In the backarc of the Java‐Banda subduction zone, a gradual fast‐axis rotation from trench normal in the west to trench parallel in the east is clearly observed. We attribute this rotation to the interactions between the 2‐D corner flow in the Java wedge and a squeezed asthenospheric flow by the highly arcuate Banda slab. In the backarc of the Philippine subduction zone, the fast‐axis direction transitions from trench normal in the central south to trench oblique in the north; the trench normal is attributed to the mantle wedge corner flow, whereas the trench oblique is likely deflected by the eastward subduction of the South China Sea Plate. Hence, the mantle flow system beneath the Sunda Plate is composed of various types of flow developed in the mantle wedges. Their interactions play an important role in influencing greatly the regional geodynamics in the upper mantle above the 670‐km discontinuity.
Site-specific molecular analysis of the bacteriota on worn spectacles
Authors: Fritz Birgit , März Melanie , Weis Severin , Wahl Siegfried , Ziemssen Focke , Egert Markus 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRegularly touched surfaces are usually contaminated with microorganisms and might be considered as fomites. The same applies for spectacles, but only little is known about their microbial colonization. Previous cultivation-based analyses from our group revealed a bacterial load strongly dominated by staphylococci. To better account for aerotolerant anaerobes, slow growing and yet-uncultivated bacteria, we performed an optimized 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach targeting the V1-V3 region. 30 spectacles were swab-sampled at three sites, each (nosepads, glasses and earclips). We detected 5232 OTUs affiliated with 19 bacterial phyla and 665 genera. Actinobacteria (64%), Proteobacteria (22%), Firmicutes (7%) and Bacteroidetes (5%) were relatively most abundant. At genus level, 13 genera accounted for 84% of the total sequences of all spectacles, having a prevalence of more than 1% relative abundance. Propionibacterium (57%), Corynebacterium (5%), Staphylococcus (4%), Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas and Lawsonella (3%, each) were the dominant genera. Interestingly, bacterial diversity on the glasses was significantly higher compared to nosepads and earclips. Our study represents the first cultivation-independent study of the bacteriota of worn spectacles. Dominated by bacteria of mostly human skin and epithelia origin and clearly including potential pathogens, spectacles may play a role as fomites, especially in clinical environments.
Enhanced glycolysis and HIF-1α activation in adipose tissue macrophages sustains local and systemic interleukin-1β production in obesity
Authors: Sharma Monika , Boytard Ludovic , Hadi Tarik , Koelwyn Graeme , Simon Russell , Ouimet Mireille , Seifert Lena , Spiro Westley , Yan Bo , Hutchison Susan , Fisher Edward A. , Ramasamy Ravichandran , Ramkhelawon Bhama , Moore Kathryn J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDuring obesity, macrophages infiltrate the visceral adipose tissue and promote inflammation that contributes to type II diabetes. Evidence suggests that the rewiring of cellular metabolism can regulate macrophage function. However, the metabolic programs that characterize adipose tissue macrophages (ATM) in obesity are poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate that ATM from obese mice exhibit metabolic profiles characterized by elevated glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, distinct from ATM from lean mice. Increased activation of HIF-1α in ATM of obese visceral adipose tissue resulted in induction of IL-1β and genes in the glycolytic pathway. Using a hypoxia-tracer, we show that HIF-1α nuclear translocation occurred both in hypoxic and non-hypoxic ATM suggesting that both hypoxic and pseudohypoxic stimuli activate HIF-1α and its target genes in ATM during diet-induced obesity. Exposure of macrophages to the saturated fatty acid palmitate increased glycolysis and HIF-1α expression, which culminated in IL-1β induction thereby simulating pseudohypoxia. Using mice with macrophage-specific targeted deletion of HIF-1α, we demonstrate the critical role of HIF-1α-derived from macrophages in regulating ATM accumulation, and local and systemic IL-1β production, but not in modulating systemic metabolic responses. Collectively, our data identify enhanced glycolysis and HIF-1α activation as drivers of low-grade inflammation in obesity.
Study on collagen parameters in vulvar cancer and preneoplastic lesions by Second Harmonic Generation microscopy
Authors: Castor Maria das Graças de Fátima Cavalcan , Torres Leuridan Cavalcante , Mello Roberto José Vieira de , Natal Rodrigo de Andrade , Vassallo José 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe extracellular matrix plays an important role in cellular balance, and collagen fibers are its most important component. Over the last few years, second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has been used for the analysis of collagen fibers in several types of gynaecological cancers, such as breast and ovarian cancer. The value of collagen parameters obtained with this technique to gain insights on the physiopathology and on the prognostic evaluation of cancer has been advocated. Herein, we have characterized the collagen fibers in squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) and preneoplastic lesions using the SHG microscopy. Collagen parameters, quantity, organization, and uniformity, of VSCC, adjacent skin of VSCC or preneoplastic lesions were compared with values obtained in normal tissue of healthy control. There was an evident decrease in the values of collagen fiber parameters in the VSCC. Increased quantity and uniformity of tumor associated collagen fibers were associated with the presence of lymph node metastases, which suggest a prognostic value of such parameters in the evaluation of vulvar cancer.
On-board study of gas embolism in marine turtles caught in bottom trawl fisheries in the Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Parga M. L. , Crespo-Picazo J. L. , Monteiro D. , García-Párraga D. , Hernandez J. A. , Swimmer Y. , Paz S. , Stacy N. I. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDecompression sickness (DCS) was first diagnosed in marine turtles in 2014. After capture in net fisheries, animals typically start showing clinical evidence of DCS hours after being hauled on-board, often dying if untreated. These turtles are normally immediately released without any understanding of subsequent clinical problems or outcome. The objectives of this study were to describe early occurrence and severity of gaseous embolism (GE) and DCS in marine turtles after incidental capture in trawl gear, and to provide estimates of on-board and post-release mortality. Twenty-eight marine turtles were examined on-board fishing vessels. All 20 turtles assessed by ultrasound and/or post-mortem examination developed GE, independent of season, depth and duration of trawl and ascent speed. Gas emboli were obvious by ultrasound within 15 minutes after surfacing and worsened over the course of 2 hours. Blood data were consistent with extreme lactic acidosis, reduced glomerular filtration, and stress. Twelve of 28 (43%) animals died on-board, and 3 of 15 (20%) active turtles released with satellite tags died within 6 days. This is the first empirically-based estimate of on-board and post-release mortality of bycaught marine turtles that has until now been unaccounted for in trawl fisheries not equipped with turtle excluder devices.
Predicting Short-term Survival after Liver Transplantation using Machine Learning
Authors: Liu Chien-Liang , Soong Ruey-Shyang , Lee Wei-Chen , Jiang Guo-Wei , Lin Yun-Chun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLiver transplantation is one of the most effective treatments for end-stage liver disease, but the demand for livers is much higher than the available donor livers. Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score is a commonly used approach to prioritize patients, but previous studies have indicated that MELD score may fail to predict well for the postoperative patients. This work proposes to use data-driven approach to devise a predictive model to predict postoperative survival within 30 days based on patient’s preoperative physiological measurement values. We use random forest (RF) to select important features, including clinically used features and new features discovered from physiological measurement values. Moreover, we propose a new imputation method to deal with the problem of missing values and the results show that it outperforms the other alternatives. In the predictive model, we use patients’ blood test data within 1–9 days before surgery to construct the model to predict postoperative patients’ survival. The experimental results on a real data set indicate that RF outperforms the other alternatives. The experimental results on the temporal validation set show that our proposed model achieves area under the curve (AUC) of 0.771 and specificity of 0.815, showing superior discrimination power in predicting postoperative survival.
SPANX-A/D protein subfamily plays a key role in nuclear organisation, metabolism and flagellar motility of human spermatozoa
Authors: Urizar-Arenaza Itziar , Osinalde Nerea , Akimov Vyacheslav , Puglia Michele , Muñoa-Hoyos Iraia , Gianzo Marta , Rodriguez Jose Antonio , Ganzabal Teresa , Blagoev Blagoy , Kratchmarova Irina , Subiran Nerea 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHuman sperm protein associated with the nucleus on the X chromosome (SPANX) genes encode a protein family (SPANX-A, -B, -C and -D), whose expression is limited to the testis and spermatozoa in normal tissues and to a wide variety of tumour cells. Present only in hominids, SPANX-A/D is exclusively expressed in post-meiotic spermatids and mature spermatozoa. However, the biological role of the protein family in human spermatozoa is largely unknown. Combining proteomics and molecular approaches, the present work describes the presence of all isoforms of SPANX-A/D in human spermatozoa and novel phosphorylation sites of this protein family. In addition, we identify 307 potential SPANX-A/D interactors related to nuclear envelop, chromatin organisation, metabolism and cilia movement. Specifically, SPANX-A/D interacts with fumarate hydratase and colocalises with both fumarate hydratase and Tektin 1 proteins, involved in meeting energy demands for sperm motility, and with nuclear pore complex nucleoporins. We provide insights into the molecular features of sperm physiology describing for the first time a multifunctional role of SPANX-A/D protein family in nuclear envelope, sperm movement and metabolism, considered key functions for human spermatozoa. SPANX-A/D family members, therefore, might be promising targets for sperm fertility management.
Estimating the ecological water levels of shallow lakes: a case study in Tangxun Lake, China
Authors: Yang Wei , Xu Mingxiang , Li Ruiqing , Zhang Liping , Deng Qiuliang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWater level management is an effective tool for the ecological restoration of shallow lakes. In this study, we developed an ecologically-based approach to estimate the monthly suitable ecological water levels (EWLs). This approach took both the lake topographic features and aquatic plants’ growth characteristics into account. The aquatic vegetation coverage was used to characterize the degree of the lake ecological restoration. The relationship between water level and vegetation coverage was established. We chose the Tangxun Lake as a testbed, and the recommended lowest EWL was 16.6 m, as the minimum threshold for water level regulations. The results revealed that the predicted vegetation coverage decreased with the rise of water level during the germination period (February and March). To achieve the vegetation coverage goal of 30% and 50%, the lake’s water levels must be lowered to 17.1 m and 16.8 m respectively during germination. The EWLs were recommended to be low in spring and high in summer, which was matched with the natural water level regimes. The proposed approach can provide a reliable reference for water level regulation of shallow lakes especially the lakes with insufficient data.
A new SNP genotyping technology Target SNP-seq and its application in genetic analysis of cucumber varieties
Authors: Zhang Jian , Yang Jingjing , Zhang Like , Luo Jiang , Zhao Hong , Zhang Jianan , Wen Changlong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo facilitate the utility of SNP-based genotyping, we developed a new method called target SNP-seq which combines the advantages of multiplex PCR amplification and high throughput sequencing. Compared with KASP, Microarrays, GBS and other SNP genotyping methods, target SNP-seq is flexible both in SNPs and samples, yields high accuracy, especially when genotyping genome wide perfect SNPs with high polymorphism and conserved flanking sequences, and is cost-effective, requiring 3 days and $7 for per DNA sample to genotype hundreds of SNP loci. The present study established a DNA fingerprint of 261 cucumber varieties by target SNP-seq with 163 perfect SNPs from 4,612,350 SNPs based on 182 cucumber resequencing datasets. Four distinct subpopulations were found in 261 Chinese cucumber varieties: the north China type, the south China type, the Europe type, and the Xishuangbanna type. The north China type and Xishuangbanna type harbored lower genetic diversity, indicating greater risk of genetic erosion in these two subpopulations. Furthermore, a core set of 24 SNPs was able to distinguish 99% of the 261 cucumber varieties. 29 core cucumber backbone varieties in China were identified. Therefore, target SNP-seq provides a new way to screen out core SNP loci from the whole genome for DNA fingerprinting of crop varieties. The high efficiency and low cost of target SNP-seq is more competitive than the current SNP genotyping methods, and it has excellent application prospects in genetic research, as well as in promoting plant breeding processes in the near future.
Safety of inter-hospital transfer of patients with acute ischemic stroke for evaluation of endovascular thrombectomy
Authors: Pallesen Lars-Peder , Winzer Simon , Barlinn Kristian , Prakapenia Alexandra , Siepmann Timo , Gruener Cosima , Gerber Johannes , Haedrich Kevin , Linn Jennifer , Barlinn Jessica , Puetz Volker 
Published: March 2020

AbstractStroke networks facilitate access to endovascular treatment (EVT) for patients with ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion. In this study we aimed to determine the safety of inter-hospital transfer and included all patients with acute ischemic stroke who were transferred within our stroke network for evaluation of EVT between 06/2016 and 12/2018. Data were derived from our prospective EVT database and transfer protocols. We analyzed major complications and medical interventions associated with inter-hospital transfer. Among 615 transferred patients, 377 patients (61.3%) were transferred within our telestroke network and had transfer protocols available (median age 76 years [interquartile range, IQR 17], 190 [50.4%] male, median baseline NIHSS score 17 [IQR 8], 246 [65.3%] drip-and-ship i.v.-thrombolysis). No patient suffered from cardio-respiratory failure or required emergency intubation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation during the transfer. Among 343 patients who were not intubated prior departure, 35 patients (10.2%) required medical interventions during the transfer. The performance of medical interventions was associated with a lower EVT rate and higher mortality at three months. In conclusion, the transfer of acute stroke patients for evaluation of EVT was not associated with major complications and transfer-related medical interventions were required in a minority of patients.
Neck lymph node status on survival of regionally recurrent or persistent nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Yeung David C. M. , Yeung Zenon , Wong Eddy W. Y. , Vlantis Alexander C. , Chan Jason Y. K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of lymph node status from neck dissection pathological specimens on the survival for isolated regional nodal recurrence or persistence after primary treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Through a retrospective cohort study performed in an academic tertiary referral hospital in Hong Kong. Forty-six patients who underwent a salvage neck dissection between June 2001 and January 2013 for isolated regionally recurrent or persistent nasopharyngeal carcinoma was performed. Informed consent was waived for this retrospective study by The Joint CUHK-NTEC CREC. In the study forty-six patients had a salvage neck dissection for nodal failure with a mean age of 53 and 74% (34) were male. With a mean follow-up of 45.3 months, Overall survival, disease specific survival, loco-regional recurrence free survival, and regional recurrence free survival were 56.5%, 73.9%, 87.0%, and 91.3% respectively. For both univariate and multivariate analysis, patients with a number of positive lymph nodes more than 5 and a lymph node density more than 20% were significantly associated with poorer overall survival. Extracapsular spread and pathological cervical lymph node staging did not have an association with poorer survival. In conclusion, an absolute number of positive lymph nodes more than five and a lymph node density more than 20% were potentially useful prognostic factors affecting survival following a neck dissection for regional residual or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Prognostic Role of Serum Wisteria Floribunda Agglutinin-Positive Mac-2 Binding Protein Level in Early Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Lin Joseph , Ko Chih-Jan , Hung Yu-Ju , Lin Ping-Yi , Lin Kuo-Hua , Hsieh Chia-En , Chou Chen-Te , Chen Yao-Li 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive Mac-2 binding protein (WFA+-M2BP) in predicting overall survival for patients with hepatitis B- and hepatitis C-related early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (ESHCC) after liver resection. Post-operative survival rates were compared according to WFA+-M2BP level and tumor stage. Six hundred and ten patients were identified and 198 were removed after application of the exclusion criteria; the median follow-up time was 4.33 years, and cancer-related death occurred in 117 (28.4%) patients. Age (p = 0.03), fibrosis grade (p = 0.042), cancer stage (p = 0.01), and WFA+-M2BP level (p = 0.001) were identified as independent risk factors for poor overall survival. The overall survival rates at 3 and 5 years for patients with WFA+-M2BP ≤ 1.12 were 0.92 and 0.90, respectively, and 0.76 and 0.61 for patients with WFA+-M2BP > 1.12 (p < 0.001). During the analysis of survival prediction, serum WFA+-M2BP level exhibited a higher log-likelihood and a lower AIC value compared to TNM stage (log likelihood: −638; AIC: 1279). Pre-operative serum WFA+-M2BP level provided important prognostic information after curative hepatic resection in our study.
Optic Disc and Macular Vessel Density Measured by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Open-Angle and Angle-Closure Glaucoma
Authors: Hou Tzu-Yu , Kuang Tung-Mei , Ko Yu-Chieh , Chang Yu-Fan , Liu Catherine Jui-Ling , Chen Mei-Ju 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThere is distinct pathogenesis between primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). Although elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the major risk factor for glaucoma, non-IOP risk factors such as vascular abnormalities and lower systolic/diastolic perfusion pressure may play a role in the pathogenic process. This study aimed to compare the vessel density (VD) in the optic disc and macula using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) between POAG and PACG eyes. Thirty-two POAG eyes, 30 PACG eyes, and 39 control eyes were included. All the optic disc VD parameters except the inside disc VD were significantly lower in glaucomatous eyes than in control eyes. Compared with PACG eyes, only the inferior temporal peripapillary VD was significantly lower in POAG eyes. The parafoveal VD was significantly lower in each quadrant in glaucomatous eyes than in control eyes. The central macular and parafoveal VD did not differ between POAG and PACG eyes. In conclusion, the inferior temporal peripapillary VD was significantly reduced in POAG eyes compared with PACG eyes, while PACG eyes showed a more evenly distributed reduction in the peripapillary VD. The distinct patterns of VD change may be associated with the different pathogenesis between POAG and PACG.