bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric quantification of methylated amines and selected amino acids in biofluids
Authors: Roggensack Tim , Merz Benedikt , Dick Niels , Bub Achim , Krüger Ralf 
Published: November 2019

RationaleMethylated amino compounds and basic amino acids are important analyte classes with high relevance in nutrition, physical activity and physiology. Reliable and easy quantification methods covering a variety of metabolites in body fluids are a prerequisite for efficient investigations in the field of food and nutrition.MethodsTargeted ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric (UHPLC/MS) analysis was performed using HILIC separation and timed ESI‐MRM detection, combined with a short sample preparation. Calibration in urine and blood plasma was achieved by matrix‐matched standards, isotope‐labelled internal standards and standard addition. The method was fully validated and the performance was evaluated using a subset from the Karlsruhe Metabolomics and Nutrition (KarMeN) study.ResultsWithin this method, a total of 30 compounds could be quantified simultaneously in a short run of 9 min in both body fluids. This covers a variety of free amino compounds which are present in very different concentrations. The method is easy, precise and robust, and has a broad working range. As a proof of principle, literature‐based associations of certain metabolites with dietary intake of respective foods were clearly confirmed in the KarMeN subset.ConclusionsOverall, the method turned out to be well suited for application in nutrition studies, as shown for the example of food intake biomarkers in KarMeN. Application to a variety of questions such as food‐related effects or physical activity will support future studies in the context of nutrition and health.
Modulating effects of a decoction of a traditional Japanese herbal formula, hochuekkito (with Hedysari radix and Atractylodis rhizoma), on the local mucosal immune system of aged mice
Authors: Kajita Mieko , Saso Kayako , Tanaka Yosuke , Nagai Takayuki , Kiyohara Hiroaki 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTAimHochuekkito is generally considered to express its clinical effects through modulation of the immune system. The formula using Hedysari radix and Atractylodis rhizoma as the component herbs, also has been used clinically as hochuekkito, but its immunopharmacological activity has not been clarified.MethodsDecocted extracts (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg) were given to BALB/c mice intranasally immunized with influenza split vaccine, and influenza virus‐specific antibody titers were measured on ELISA together with transcriptome analyses with mRNA from uterus and lung.ResultsHochuekkito at lower doses (0.1 and 0.5 g/kg) increased influenza virus‐specific antibody titers in nasal washes, bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF), genital washes and feces. The higher dose (1 g/kg) of the extract, however, did not induce further increase of the antibody titer in BALF and genital washes. Furthermore, the extract inversely decreased the antibody titers in sera dose dependently. On transcriptome analysis, the 1 g/kg extract upregulated mRNA expression of co‐inhibitory receptors Pd‐1 and Lag3 in uterus but not in the lung. Meanwhile, the extract induced upregulation of the mRNA expression of marker molecules (CD163 and galectin‐1) related to M2 macrophages in lung.ConclusionsHochuekkito with Hedysari radix and Atractylodis rhizoma modulates systemic and local mucosal immune systems in different ways. The formula encourages induction and recruitment of regulatory T lymphocytes and M2 macrophages in genital tract and lung, respectively, at the higher dose.
Cow Care and the Ethics of Care
Authors: Valpey Kenneth R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTo examine broadly Hindu ethics with respect to animals, this chapter considers how the dharma-bhakti polarity of values might be constructively applied. The key aim is to suggest a complementarity between bhakti and the contemporary (Western) “ethics of care” thought stream applied to animal ethics. Further, the practical application of ethics of care in bhakti calls for a consideration of an expanded understanding of “citizenship,” as proposed by Sue Donaldson and Will Kymlicka, rooted in a non-exploitative pursuit of ahimsa—nonviolence—as an ideal toward which human society must purposefully aim. The political framework in which such citizenship might function is “dharma-based communitarian” in character, currently being implemented (in very small scale) in “anticipatory communities” in which cow care is a key element.
Von der digitalen Transformation zur digitalen Unternehmensführung
Authors: Schellinger Jochen , Tokarski Kim Oliver , Kissling-Näf Ingrid 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungDer Metatrend „Digitalisierung“ und die mit ihm einhergehende digitale Transformation gesellschaftlicher und ökonomischer Strukturen und Prozesse stellen eine zentrale Herausforderung für die Unternehmensentwicklung dar. Fundamentale Änderungen der Strukturen und Prozesse der Leistungserstellung, andersartige und neue Leistungsangebote und veränderte Kundenbeziehungen erfordern eine grundlegende Erweiterung der Führungsperspektive in Richtung einer „digitalen Unternehmensführung“. Für deren funktionale Handlungsfelder ist für die Zukunft von einer weitreichenden und kontinuierlichen Erhöhung des Digitialisierungsgrads auszugehen. Die Beiträge aus den untersuchten Bereichen Führung und Organisation, Human Resource Management, Marketing und Finanzwirtschaft werden zusammengefasst. Sie zeigen das große Gestaltungsspektrum der digitalen Unternehmensführung exemplarisch auf und geben konkrete Hinweise für Problemlösungen in der Unternehmenspraxis.
Das Potenzial von Smart Contracts an einem Beispiel aus der Finanzbranche – Smart Rating
Authors: Furrer Vincent , Deck Klaus-Georg 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag stellt die Grundsätze von auf Smart Contracts und der Blockchain-Technologie basierenden Rating-Verfahren zur Bonitätsbewertung vor. Es werden die technologischen Grundlagen von Blockchain und Smart Contracts erläutert und diskutiert, inwieweit die Finanzbranche im Bereich des Ratings von dieser Technologie profitieren kann. Zunächst werden die Probleme traditioneller Ratingverfahren und deren Akteure thematisiert und anschließend Lösungsansätze aufgezeigt, um diese zu überwinden. Damit zeigt dieser außerhalb der traditionellen Bankdienstleistungen befindliche Anwendungsfall, dass mit der Blockchain-Technologie neue Potenziale für Geschäftsmodelle entstehen, die etablierte Prozesse grundlegend verändern und damit ein weiteres Mosaik zur Disruption der Finanzbranche darstellen können.
Augmented Reality als Entscheidungshilfe beim Möbelkauf
Authors: Aemmer David , Bigler Jonas , Birkhofer Marco , Brechbühler Pešková Marie , Harder Deane 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungDiese Studie untersucht den Einfluss von Augmented Reality (AR) auf den Kaufentscheidungsprozess beim Möbelkauf. Ziel der Studie waren konkrete, handlungsleitende und wissenschaftlich fundierte Erkenntnisse für die Praxis im Umgang mit der digitalen Transformation. Dafür wurde der Einfluss einer AR-App in der Möbelbranche untersucht. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die AR-App ihren Nutzern eine wertvolle Unterstützung im Kaufentscheidungsprozess bietet. Die App funktioniert jedoch nicht als eigenständiger Kanal, sondern entfaltet ihren Nutzen nur im Zusammenspiel mit den bisherigen Kanälen und Hilfsmitteln. Insbesondere der Austausch mit Dritten bietet deutliches Entwicklungspotenzial und Chancen, die Customer Experience weiter zu verbessern. Einen klaren Kundenmehrwert würde eine händlerübergreifende AR-App bieten. Weiterer Forschungsbedarf ergibt sich aus den Rückkoppelungseffekten zwischen veränderter Kundeninteraktion und Technologieentwicklung.
Social Influencer
Authors: von Rotz Jonas , Tokarski Kim Oliver 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungVisuelle Kommunikation gewinnt im Zusammenhang mit der Digitalisierung immer mehr an Bedeutung. So erfolgt die Kommunikation auf Social-Media-Plattformen wie Facebook, Instagram und YouTube fast nur noch mittels Bild- und Videosprache. Social Influencer nutzen diese Kommunikationsweise, um sich auf den genannten Kanälen eine große Community aufzubauen. Dabei entsteht ein Beziehungsverhältnis zwischen Social Influencer und Empfängern. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht, welche Faktoren dazu führen, dass Social Influencer „Communities“ von mehreren Tausend bis Millionen Menschen aufbauen können, von diesen als Vorbilder und Meinungsmacher angesehen werden und dass dabei ein Beziehungsverhältnis entsteht.Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Social Influencer mittels aktivierender Wirkung des Gesagten die „Interaktion“ fördern. Durch eine selbstoffenbarende und wertschätzende Wirkung wird ein Storytelling realisiert, die Authentizität und Glaubwürdigkeit erhöht und die Entstehung einer Beziehung gefördert. Die Gestik, erhöhte Sprechlautstärke und das schnelle Sprechtempo sorgen dabei beim Empfänger für eine kompetent und glaubwürdig wirkende Erscheinung des Social Influencers, während die Mimik „Freude“ Glücksgefühle beim Adressaten auslöst. Die Ergebnisse liefern somit qualitativ-explorative Erkenntnisse über Stile von Social Influencern und deren Umsetzung auf dem Social-Media-Kanal YouTube. Sie bieten Ansätze zur Erklärung des Beziehungsverhältnisses zwischen YouTuber und Community.
Plattformbasierte Dienstleistungen
Authors: Weissenfeld Katinka , Dungga Angelina , Frecè Jan 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungPeer-to-Peer-Dienstleistungsplattformen (P2P-Plattformen) stellen eine besondere Form von Dienstleistungsplattformen dar, die z. B. Geschäftsmodelle der Sharing Economy in seiner heutigen Form ermöglichen. Als Reaktion auf den aktuell herrschenden Begriffsdschungel rund um Sharing Economy und Dienstleistungsplattformen im Allgemeinen werden zunächst Begrifflichkeiten geklärt, bevor Aspekte des gesellschaftlichen Wandels diskutiert werden. Aufgrund iterativer Wechselwirkungen zwischen Sozialstrukturen und sozialen Akteuren werden die technischen, sozialen, ökologischen und ökonomischen Aspekte des gesellschaftlichen Wandels sowohl als Folge als auch als Vorbedingungen für das Aufkommen von P2P-Plattformen betrachtet. Abschließend werden in einem dritten Teil Chancen und Herausforderungen diskutiert, die sich aktuell und zukünftig durch P2P-Plattformen für die Gesellschaft ergeben. Dabei ist festzustellen, dass viele Aspekte sowohl Chancen als auch Herausforderungen mit sich bringen, die entsprechend abzuwägen sind.
Big Data Analytics
Authors: Baumann Flurina Fiona , Brunner Nadine Belinda , Tokarski Kim Oliver 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Datenmengen vervielfachen sich in der heutigen Zeit konstant, was zum Begriff Big Data geführt hat. Durch diese Datenmengen entsteht ein neues Potenzial, Fragen zu beantworten. Eine dieser Fragestellungen, welche mithilfe von Big Data untersucht werden kann, ist, inwiefern die Social-Media-Daten die Veränderung von Börsenkursen voraussagen können. Diese Studie untersucht die prädiktive Fähigkeit von Twitter-Nachrichten im Zusammenhang mit einem Technologieunternehmen und dessen Börsenkurs anhand von zwei Anwendungsfällen. Konkret wird anhand der Twitter-Nachrichten mithilfe einer Sentimentanalyse die Stimmung der Twitter-Nutzer mit den Veränderungen des Börsenkurses verglichen. Diese Analyse wird anhand der Technologieunternehmen Facebook und Amazon vorgenommen. In einem ersten Schritt wird untersucht, ob eine Beziehung zwischen den Twitter-Sentiments und dem Börsenkurs besteht. In einem zweiten Schritt, ob die Twitter-Sentiments eine Voraussagekraft für die Veränderung des Börsenkurses haben. Die Auswertung zeigt bei beiden Unternehmen eine positive Korrelation der Twitter-Sentiments und des Börsenkurses auf. Weiter konnte mithilfe der Granger-Analyse eine signifikante Voraussagekraft der Twitter-Sentiments für die Börsenkurse beider Unternehmen ermittelt werden. Die Twitter-Sentiments können die Börsenkurse 13 h voraussagen.
Sup-norms of eigenfunctions in the level aspect for compact arithmetic surfaces
Authors: Saha Abhishek 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Let D be an indefinite quaternion division algebra over $${{\mathbb {Q}}}$$Q. We approach the problem of bounding the sup-norms of automorphic forms $$\phi $$ϕ on $$D^\times ({{\mathbb {A}}})$$D×(A) that belong to irreducible automorphic representations and transform via characters of unit groups of orders of D. We obtain a non-trivial upper bound for $$\Vert \phi \Vert _\infty $$‖ϕ‖∞ in the level aspect that is valid for arbitrary orders. This generalizes and strengthens previously known upper bounds for $$\Vert \phi \Vert _\infty $$‖ϕ‖∞ in the setting of newforms for Eichler orders. In the special case when the index of the order in a maximal order is a squarefull integer N, our result specializes to $$\Vert \phi \Vert _\infty \ll _{\pi _\infty , \epsilon } N^{1/3 + \epsilon } \Vert \phi \Vert _2$$‖ϕ‖∞≪π∞,ϵN1/3+ϵ‖ϕ‖2. A key application of our result is to automorphic forms $$\phi $$ϕ which correspond at the ramified primes to either minimal vectors, in the sense of Hu et al. (Commun Math Helv, to appear) or p-adic microlocal lifts, in the sense of Nelson in “Microlocal lifts and and quantum unique ergodicity on $$\mathrm{GL}_2({{\mathbb {Q}}}_{p})$$GL2(Qp)” (Algebra Number Theory 12(9):2033–2064, 2018). For such forms, our bound specializes to $$\Vert \phi \Vert _\infty \ll _{ \epsilon } C^{\frac{1}{6} + \epsilon }\Vert \phi \Vert _2$$‖ϕ‖∞≪ϵC16+ϵ‖ϕ‖2 where C is the conductor of the representation $$\pi $$π generated by $$\phi $$ϕ. This improves upon the previously known local bound$$\Vert \phi \Vert _\infty \ll _{\lambda , \epsilon } C^{\frac{1}{4} + \epsilon }\Vert \phi \Vert _2$$‖ϕ‖∞≪λ,ϵC14+ϵ‖ϕ‖2 in these cases.
The global burden of urinary bladder cancer: an update
Authors: Richters Anke , Aben Katja K. H. , Kiemeney Lambertus A. L. M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Bladder cancer is among the top ten most common cancer types in the world, with approximately 550,000 new cases annually. The highest burden of bladder cancer is currently falling on most developed communities across the globe. But with an anticipated shift in world demographics with growing and aging populations mainly on the African continent, and important shifts in exposure to different risk factors across the world, this is likely to change over the next decades. In this review, we provide an overview of the current incidence, mortality, prevalence, survival, risk factors and costs of bladder cancer worldwide.
A new mathematical framework for atmospheric blocking events
Authors: Lucarini Valerio , Gritsun Andrey 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe use a simple yet Earth-like hemispheric atmospheric model to propose a new framework for the mathematical properties of blocking events. Using finite-time Lyapunov exponents, we show that the occurrence of blockings is associated with conditions featuring anomalously high instability. Longer-lived blockings are very rare and have typically higher instability. In the case of Atlantic blockings, predictability is especially reduced at the onset and decay of the blocking event, while a relative increase of predictability is found in the mature phase. The opposite holds for Pacific blockings, for which predictability is lowest in the mature phase. Blockings are realised when the trajectory of the system is in the neighbourhood of a specific class of unstable periodic orbits (UPOs), natural modes of variability that cover the attractor the system. UPOs corresponding to blockings have, indeed, a higher degree of instability compared to UPOs associated with zonal flow. Our results provide a rigorous justification for the classical Markov chains-based analysis of transitions between weather regimes. The analysis of UPOs elucidates that the model features a very severe violation of hyperbolicity, due to the presence of a substantial variability in the number of unstable dimensions, which explains why atmospheric states can differ a lot in term of their predictability. Additionally, such a variability explains the need for performing data assimilation in a state space that includes not only the unstable and neutral subspaces, but also some stable modes. The lack of robustness associated with the violation of hyperbolicity might be a basic cause contributing to the difficulty in representing blockings in numerical models and in predicting how their statistics will change as a result of climate change. This corresponds to fundamental issues limiting our ability to construct very accurate numerical models of the atmosphere, in term of predictability of the both the first and of the second kind in the sense of Lorenz.
Post-bariatric surgery lab tests: are they excessive and redundant?
Authors: Menser Terri , Muniz Castro Jose , Lopez Adriana , Jones Stephen L. , Kash Bita A. , Sherman Vadim , Tariq Nabil 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Following bariatric surgery, ongoing postoperative testing is required to measure nutritional deficiencies; the purpose of this study was to quantify the prevalence of these nutritional deficiencies based on two-year follow-up tests at recommended time points.

Methods and procedures
A retrospective data analysis was conducted of all laboratory tests for bariatric patients who underwent surgery between May 2016 and January 2018 with available lab data (n = 397). Results for nine different nutritional labs were categorized into six recommended postoperative time periods based on time elapsed since the procedure date. Binary variables were created for each laboratory result to calculate descriptive statistics of abnormalities for each lab test over time and used in the individual GEE logistic regression models. Grouped logistic regression examined the total nutritional deficiencies of the nine combined nutrients considering total available labs.

Results
Multiple lab tests indicated a very low frequency of abnormalities (e.g., Vitamin A, Vitamin B12, Copper, and Folate). Many of the nine included nutritional labs had an average deficiency of less than 10% across all time points. The grouped logistic model found preoperative nutritional deficiency to be predictive of postoperative nutritional deficiency (OR 3.70, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
We found the vast majority of routine lab test results to be normal at multiple time points. Current practice can add up to significant lab expenses over time. The frequency of postoperative testing in this population may be redundant and of very little value. Unnecessary follow-up laboratory testing costs the patients and the health care system in both time and resources. Patients with preoperative deficiencies appear to be at higher risk for nutritional deficiencies when compared to bariatric surgery patients that did not have preoperative nutritional deficiencies. Future research should focus on defining cost effective postoperative lab testing guidelines for at risk bariatric patients.
Left residuated lattices induced by lattices with a unary operation
Authors: Chajda Ivan , Länger Helmut 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In a previous paper, the authors defined two binary term operations in orthomodular lattices such that an orthomodular lattice can be organized by means of them into a left residuated lattice. It is a natural question if these operations serve in this way also for more general lattices than the orthomodular ones. In our present paper, we involve two conditions formulated as simple identities in two variables under which this is really the case. Hence, we obtain a variety of lattices with a unary operation which contains exactly those lattices with a unary operation which can be converted into a left residuated lattice by use of the above mentioned operations. It turns out that every lattice in this variety is in fact a bounded one and the unary operation is a complementation. Finally, we use a similar technique by using simpler terms and identities motivated by Boolean algebras.
Asylum-seeking children with resignation syndrome: catatonia or traumatic withdrawal syndrome?
Authors: von Knorring Anne-Liis , Hultcrantz Elisabeth 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the beginning of the 2000s, an increasing number of asylum-seeking children in Sweden fell into a stuporous condition. In the present study, we report 46 consecutive children with the most severe form of this illness where the children were unable to give any response at all, did not react to pain, cold or touching, could not be supported to sit or stand on their feet, could not do anything when requested, and in most cases had enuresis/encopresis. A minority of the children came from war zones (n = 8, 17.4%). A majority belonged to an ethnic or religious minority (n = 32, 69.6%) in their homeland and almost all were persecuted (n = 43, 93.5%). All had either experienced violence themselves or had witnessed or heard about violence against close family members. The age of onset of the first symptom of illness for boys was 11.2 years [CI 9.6–12.8], for girls 11.8 yrs.[CI 10.4–13.2], and the age for falling into stupor for boys was 12.9 years [CI 11.6–14.1] years and was the same for girls, 12.9 years [CI 11.6–14.2] years. Girls tended to have depression before entering the stuporous condition, while the boys tended to have PTSD first (Chi-square = 3.73, p = 0.054). A majority of the children had one (n = 13, 28.3%) or both parents (n = 14, 30.4%) suffering from mental or severe physical disorder. It is discussed whether the presented condition is a separate entity or if the syndrome should be regarded as a variant of catatonia, and whether benzodiazepines should be tried.
Versatile biotechnological applications of amylosucrase, a novel glucosyltransferase
Authors: Seo Dong-Ho , Yoo Sang-Ho , Choi Seung-Jun , Kim Young-Rok , Park Cheon-Seok 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAmylosucrase (AS; EC 2.4.1.4) is an enzyme that has great potential in the biotechnology and food industries, due to its multifunctional enzyme activities. It can synthesize α-1,4-glucans, like amylose, from sucrose as a sole substrate, but importantly, it can also utilize various other molecules as acceptors. In addition, AS produces sucrose isomers such as turanose and trehalulose. It also efficiently synthesizes modified starch with increased ratios of slow digestive starch and resistant starch, and glucosylated functional compounds with increased water solubility and stability. Furthermore, AS produces turnaose more efficiently than other carbohydrate-active enzymes. Amylose synthesized by AS forms microparticles and these can be utilized as biocompatible materials with various bio-applications, including drug delivery, chromatography, and bioanalytical sciences. This review not only compares the gene and enzyme characteristics of microbial AS, studied to date, but also focuses on the applications of AS in the biotechnology and food industries.