bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of two bone grafting methods for Vancouver B3 type PFFs in uncemented stems: a retrospective study of functional and radiological outcomes from 2000 to 2017
Authors: Sun Jian-Ning , Chen Wang , Hu Zheng-Hao , Bao Yu-Hang , Dai Hai-Yang , Chen Xiang-yang , Feng Shuo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Peripheral femoral fractures (PFFs) are a devastating complication after total hip arthroplasty (THA). The accepted treatment for the Vancouver B3 fracture is revision surgery. However, there is still no consensus on which bone grafting technique to treat the bone defect around the femoral prosthesis in revision surgery. Therefore, we designed a retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy of ICA (impacted cancellous allograft) and ICA+CSA (cortical strut allograft) in B3-type PFFs revision surgery using uncemented stems. Methods We retrospectively assessed 47 Vancouver-type B3 PFFs in 47patients who have been treated between 2000 and 2017. All patients underwent intraoperative bone grafting.18 patients treated with ICA and 29 patients treated with ICA+CSA. Functional outcomes were assessed using Harris hip score, SF-36 scores and complications. Radiological findings were classified using Engh standard. Kaplan–Meier survival curve was used to assess patient and implant survival. Results There were 18 males and 29 females with an average age of 62.5 ± 9.9 years. The average follow-up time was 63.5 months. 90.7% of patients achieved fracture healing and 17.0% received secondary revision surgery. The overall 5-year Kaplan–Meier survival rate for the patients was 64.7% (95% CI, 50.6-78.8), and the 10-year rate was 47.4% (95% CI, 30.4–64.5). The last evaluated mean SF-36 was 46.1; Harris hip scores were 44.6 (3 months), 61.7 (12 months); respectively. Conclusions The use of ICA and ICA+CSA to reconstruct bone stock can provide stable prosthesis support and satisfactory fracture healing rate.
Predictors Of Provider-Initiated Hiv Testing In Heterosexuals At Increased Risk Of Hiv (Het) In Puerto Rico: Data From Nhbs-Het Cycle 2016
Authors: Torre Maureen Marie Canario de la , Salas Ivony Yireth Agudelo , León Sandra Miranda de , Colón Yadira Rolón , Martínez María Pabón , Colón-López Vivian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have established guidelines for HIV testing in healthcare settings. The aim of this study was to identify the sociodemographic, healthcare, and sexual-behavior predictors of provider-initiated HIV testing (PIHT) using data from the Puerto Rico National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (PR-NHBS) 2016 cycle directed towards heterosexuals at increased risk of HIV infection (HET). A total sample of 531 eligible participants were recruited through respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Logistic regression models assessed the associations between sociodemographic, healthcare, and sexual-behavior predictors, whilst adjusting for sex and age. The majority of the participants were women (66.1%), with 72.7% reporting having received healthcare services in the past year. Of them, 18.7% had received an HIV-test offer from their healthcare providers. More than half of the participants (65.2%) reported a low perceived risk of getting infected with HIV in the next 12 months. Results suggest an overall low prevalence of PIHT among HET in PR who exhibited a relatively high prevalence of low perceived risk of HIV infection. Furthermore, the assessed predictors show that individuals who engaged in high-risk sexual behaviors (AOR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.30–0.90) were less likely to receive HIV-test offers from their providers. This study further emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to follow recommended guidelines for HIV testing in healthcare settings as a means of establishing preventive measures to further counteract the HIV epidemic in Puerto Rico, specifically among HET.
The study of sperm head vacuoles using deep learning algorithm and its correlation with protamine mRNA ratio
Authors: Ghasemian Fatemeh , Bahadori Mohammad Hadi , Kolkooh Seyedeh Zahra Hosseini , Esmaeili Maryam 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAs regards the routine semen analysis is not sufficient to assess male fertility status, is it necessary to use other morphological sperm examination that may be more relevant in regard to the promotion of assisted reproduction outcomes? This study was designed for examination of sperm vacuole characteristics, its association with other sperm parameters and protamine 1 to protamine 2 ratio, and predict assisted pregnancy outcomes. Methods 98 Semen samples from subfertile men were classified based on Vanderzwalmen's criteria as follows: grade I, no vacuoles; grade II, ≤ 2small vacuoles; grade III, ≥ 1 large vacuole; grade IV, large vacuole with other abnormalities. The location, frequency and size of vacuoles were assessed using high magnification, a deep learning algorithm, and scanning electron microscope methods. The chromatin integrity (toluidine blue staining), condensation status (aniline blue), viability and acrosome integrity (triple staining), and protamination status (CMA3 staining) was evaluated for vacuolated samples. Protamine 1 and protamine 2 gene expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. The assisted reproduction outcomes were also followed for each cycle. Results The results show a significant correlation between the vacuole size (III and IV) and abnormal sperm chromatin condensation (p<0.05), and protamine-deficient (p<0.05). The percentage of reacted acrosomes was significantly higher in spermatozoa with grades III and IV compared with normal group (p<0.05). A high protamine mRNA ratio ( prm-2 was underexpressed) was observed in the vacuolated spermatozoa with grade IV (p<0.01). The sperm head vacuole was negatively associated with the fertilization rate (p<0.01) under IVF cycles. This association was also significantly observed in pregnancy and live birth rate in the groups with grade III and IV (P<0.05). Conclusions The results of our study highlight the importance of follow up of more sperm parameters such as sperm head vacuole characteristics, because may reflect protamine-deficient and poor IVF/ICSI outcomes.
Osteopontin levels in the drained dialysate reflect the peritoneal solute transport rate
Authors: Li Jianzhong , Lan Jingjing , Qiao Qing , Shen Lei , Lu Guoyuan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and objectives: Long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) is accompanied by low-grade intraperitoneal inflammation, may eventually lead to peritoneal membrane injury with high solute transport rate and ultrafiltration failure. Osteopontin(OPN) is highly expressed with the pro-inflammatory cytokines stimulation in many cell types, and evolves in the process of tissue fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the potential of OPN as a new indicator of peritoneal injury. Methods: We analyzed a total of 125 PD patients with end-stage renal disease, including 16 patients with continuous ambulatory PD(CAPD)-related peritonitis and 109 patients without peritonitis in a single renal center. The OPN levels in the overnight peritoneal effluents or in serum were analyzed using ELISA. In HMrSV5 cells, The OPN and fibronectin(FN) protein expression were identified using western blot analysis. Results: The OPN levels in overnight drained dialysate were significantly correlated with D/P Cr (P < 0.0001, R =0.54) and D/D0 glucose (P < 0.0001 R=-0.39). Logistical regression analysis showed that the OPN levels in peritoneal effluents was an independent predictive factor for the increased peritoneal solute transport rate (PSTR) (p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the OPN-PSTR model for identifying PSTR was 0.88, with 95% confidence interval (CI):0.81-0.95. The OPN was more abundant in peritoneal effluents of the CAPD-related peritonitis group compared with the patients without peritonitis (18.64±13.04 vs. 2.23±1.63 ng/ml, p<0.001). In the in vitro experiment, lipopolysaccharides(LPS) increased the OPN expression in HMrSV5 cells, whereas downregulation of OPN suppressed FN induction with transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)stimulation. Conclusions: The OPN levels in drained dialysate were independently correlated with peritoneal transport status in accordance with the PET results. OPN was highly expressed in effluents in patients with CAPD-related peritonitis. Peritoneal mesothelial cells displayed a high expression of OPN under inflammatory stimuli and OPN was likely to be implicated in the progression of peritoneal fibrosis. Thus, OPN may be a useful indicator of peritoneal injury in patients with PD. Keywords: peritoneal dialysis, osteopontin, peritoneal injury, peritoneal solute transport rate
Prevalence and factors associated with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension on maintenance Hemodialysis Patients in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Engole Yannick Mompango , Lepira François Bompeka , Nlandu Yannick Mayamba , Lubenga Yves Simbi , Longo Augustin Luzayadio , Nkodila Aliocha , Makulo Jean Robert Rissassy , Mokoli Vieux Momeme , Bukabau Justine Busanga , Mboliasa Marie France Ingole , Kadima Evariste Mukendi , Ilunga Cedric Kabemba , Mvunzi Tresor Swambulu , Nseka Nazaire Mangani , Sumaili Ernest Kiswaya 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases in particular Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is associed a high morbi-mortality in chronic hemodialysis, but it’s magnitude remains paradoxically unknown in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of PAH and associated factors in chronic hemodialysis patients. Patients and method: In a cross-sectional study, patients treated with HD for at least 6 months in 4 hemodialysis centers were examined. PAH was defined as estimated systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP) ≥ 35 mmHg using transthoracic Doppler echocardiography performed 24 hours after the session. Results: A total of 85 HD patients were included. Their average age was 54.6 ± 14.3 years. 57 patients (67.1%) were male. Mean duration of HD was 13.3 ± 11 months. With reference to vascular access, 12 (14.1%), 29 (34.1%) and 44 (51.8%) patients had AVF, tunneled cuff and temporary catheter, respectively. The underlying cause of ESRD was diabetes in 30 patients (35.3%). The prevalence of PAH was 29.4%. In multivariate analysis, no secure healthcare funding (adjusted OR 5, 95% CI [1.24-8.27]), hyponatremia (adjusted OR 2, 95% CI [1.61-10.01]), arrhythmia (aOR 3, 95% CI [1.06 -5.85]), vascular access change (aOR 4, 95% CI [1.12-6.23]) and diastolic dysfunction (aOR 5, 95% CI [1.35-9.57] were independently associated with PAH. Conclusion: One third of hemodialysis patients exhibit PAH, which is associated with diastolic dysfunction and arrhythmia. Therefore, early detection and control of PAH and associated factors may help to tackle PAH associated morbidity and mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Keywords: Pulmonary hypertension, Hemodialysis, Systolic pulmonary arterial pressure, Cardiovascular disease.
Effects of Bodybuilding Supplements on the Kidney: A Population-Based Biopsy Study among Middle Eastern Men
Authors: Hughson Michael D , Ali Alaa Abbas , Almukhtar safaa E , Sharif Dana A , Saleem Zana Sidiq M , Muhealdeen Dana N 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The incidence of kidney diseases among bodybuilders is unknown. Methods: Between January 2011 and December 2019, the Iraqi Kurdistan 15 to 39 year old male population averaged 1,100,000 with approximately 24,000 regular and 56,000 total gymnasium participants. In that period, 15 participants had kidney biopsies. Annual age specific incidence rates (ASIR) with (95% confidence intervals) per 100,000 bodybuilders were compared with the general age-matched male population. Results: Among regular participants, diagnoses were: focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), 2; membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN), 2; post-infectious glomeruonephritis (PIGN), 1; tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN), 1; and nephrocalcinosis , 2. Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) was diagnosed in 2 newcomers and 5 regular participants. Anabolic steroids use was self-reported in 18%, protein powders in 71%, creatine in 29%, and veterinary grade vitamin D injections in 2.6% of regular participants. ASIR for FSGS, MGN, PIGN, and TIN among regular participants was not statistically different than the general population. ASIR of FSGS adjusted for anabolic steroid use was 5.1 (-0.2 to 12.3), a rate overlapping with FSGS in the general population at 2.0 (1.2 to 2.8). ATN presented with muscle pain and myoglobinuria among inexperienced bodybuilders and appeared secondary to exertional muscle injury. ASIR for ATN among total participants at 1.4 (0.4 to 2.4) was not considered significantly different than for the general population at 0.3 (0.1 to 0.5). Nephrocalcinosis was only diagnosed among bodybuilders at a 9-year cumulative rate of one per 314 vitamin D injectors. Conclusions: Kidney disease rates among bodybuilders was not significantly different than for the general population, except for nephrocalcinosis that was caused by injections of veterinary grade vitamin D compounds.
Influencing factors on the tendency of general practitioners to join in Urban Family Physician Program in Iran
Authors: Bayati Mohsen , Rashidian Arash , Delavari Sajad , Yazdi-Feyzabadi Vahid 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Urban family physician program (UFPP) is initiated as pilot by policy makers as a main reform in future of primary health care in Iran. Despite an ongoing pilot implementation of this program from 2012, it remains a main question about providing sufficient number of general practitioners (GPs). This study aimed to investigate the factors which affect GPs' decision to join in the UFPP.Methods In this national cross-sectional study, data were gathered by a self-report questionnaire from 601 GPs. The multivariate logistic regression was applied to explore the demographic, practice and views determinants of the tendency of GPs to join in the UFPP.Results More than half of GPs (58.6%) participated in the study had a positive tendency to join in the UFPP. Older GPs (adjusted OR=3.72; 95%CI: 1.05-13.09), working in public sector (adjusted OR=2.26; 95%CI: 1.43-3.58), lower income level (adjusted OR=6.69; 95%CI:2.95-15.16), higher economic expectations (adjusted OR=2.08; 95%CI: 1.19-3.63), and higher satisfaction from medicine profession (adjusted OR=2.00; 95%CI: 1.14-3.51) were the main factors which increased the GPs tendency to join UFPP.Conclusions decision for joining in the program is mainly affected by GPs' economic status. This clarifies that if the program can make them closer to their target income, they would be more likely to decide for joining in the program.
Inappropriateness of brain MRI prescriptions and its financial burden
Authors: Kavosi Zahra , Sadeghi Abouzar , Lotfi Farhad , Salari Hedayat , Bayati Mohsen 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Diffusion of diagnostic tests such as (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) MRI is one of the main reasons for increasing growth of health care expenditure. So the current study aimed at estimation of the rate of brain MRI inappropriate prescriptions and their financial burden in Iran. Methods In this cross-sectional study 385 patients were selected by systematic stratified sampling in three public teaching hospitals in Shiraz, Iran. The selected participant's information was collected through data collection form which consisted of patients' demographic information, questions related to prescription and brain MRI prescription indications checklist. The completed indications checklist was compared to the appropriateness status table of indications and scenarios to detect the percent of appropriateness of prescriptions. Results About 21 percent of total brain MRI prescriptions are inappropriate. Previous treatment, number of refers to physician, having other diagnostic tests and the applicant of MRI (P<0.01) had significant relationships with prescriptions appropriateness. The estimated financial burden of inappropriate brain MRIs in Shiraz teaching hospitals was 99988 US dollar in 2017. Conclusions More than one fifth of brains MRIs were inappropriate. It caused about one hundred thousand United States Dollar (USD) financial burden which is 17 times of Iran's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. In order to better allocation of health system resources for provision of MRI services rationing policies for controlling consumer moral hazard and reducing provider induced demand can be helpful.
The impact of ultrasound-guided bilateral rectus sheath block in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy — a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Shaoheng , Liu Pengfei , Gao Teng , Guan Lei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : Rectus sheath block (RSB) is known to attenuate postoperative pain and reduce perioperative opioid consumption. Thus, a retrospective study was performed to examine the effects of bilateral rectus sheath block (BRSB) in cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Methods : A total of 178 patients undergoing CRS/HIPEC at our hospital were included. Patient information and anaesthesia-related indicators were collected from the electronic medical record (EMR) system. All subjects were divided into the following two groups: the G group (general anaesthesia) and the GR group (RSB combined with general anaesthesia). Patients in the GR group received 0.375% ropivacaine for BRSB before surgery. The primary outcomes included the total amount of remifentanil and rocuronium, the total consumption of dezocine after surgery, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score and the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) input dose at 1 h (T6), 6 h (T7), 12 h (T8), 24 h (T9) and 48 h (T10) after surgery. Other outcomes were also recorded, such as patient demographic data, the intraoperative heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP), and postoperative complications. Results : Compared with the G group, the GR group showed a shorter time to tracheal catheter extraction (P<0.05), a decreased total amount of remifentanil and rocuronium (P<0.05), and a reduced VAS score, PCIA input dose and number of PCIA boluses at 1 h, 6 h and 12 h after surgery (P<0.05). However, at 24 h and 48 h after surgery, there were no differences in the VAS score of pain at rest or during motion between the two groups (P>0.05). Moreover, the incidence of hypertension, emergence agitation, delayed recovery, hypercapnia, and nausea and vomiting was lower in the GR group than in the G group (P<0.05). There were no differences in the changes in MAP and HR during the surgery between the two groups (P>0.05). No complications associated with nerve block occurred. Conclusion : BRSB could provide short-term postoperative analgesia, reduce perioperative opioid consumption and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications. It is an effective and safe procedure in CRS/HIPEC.
Integrity Assurance of OTA Software Update in Smart Vehicles
Authors: Kim Geunhyoung , Jung Im Y. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Smart vehicles tend to choose an over-the-air (OTA) software (SW) update service. In an environment with smart vehicles, software malfunctions may have serious consequences such as accidents involving human lives and property loss. Therefore, we must ensure that the software updates in smart vehicles are completed correctly. In this study, we focused on the assurance of both data integrity and service integrity in smart vehicles to improve the OTA SW update service security. To this end, the security features of integrity in smart vehicles were identified and discussed with an emphasis on its potential impact on future vehicular applications.
Adsorption behavior of Cr(VI) by N-doped biochar derived from bamboo
Authors: Chu Bei , Terao Kento , Amano Yoshimasa , Machida Motoi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this study, N-doped biochar BZ-9.5AG-30 min was prepared from bamboo by using ZnCl2 as activator and heat treated at 950 °C under NH3 gas flow for the removal of Cr(VI). The adsorbent was characterized by BET, and the amount of introduced nitrogen content and nitrogen species on BZ-9.5AG-30 min was examined by CHN elemental analyzer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. Herein, the obtained BZ-9.5AG-30 min had a high specific surface area (1,610 m2/g) and high N content (4.52%). The pH of the solution had a great influence on the adsorption process, indicating that the acid condition is conducive to the adsorption process of Cr(VI). Adsorption equilibrium data of Cr(VI) were analyzed by the Langmuir and the Freundlich models. The adsorption equilibrium data were well described by the Langmuir model, and BZ-9.5AG-30 min has excellent adsorption capacity for Cr(VI) (4.31 mmol/g). BZ-9.5AG-30 min showed superior recyclability, and after five times regenerations, the adsorption capacity of BZ-9.5AG-30 min still had 63% of the initial adsorption capacity.
An Overview on Predicting Protein Subchloroplast Localization by using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Liu Meng-Lu , Su Wei , Guan Zheng-Xing , Zhang Dan , Chen Wei , Liu Li , Ding Hui 
Published: January 2020

:
The chloroplast is a type of subcellular organelle of green plants and eukaryotic algae,
which plays an important role in the photosynthesis process. Since the function of a protein correlates
with its location, knowing its subchloroplast localization is helpful for elucidating its functions. However,
due to a large number of chloroplast proteins, it is costly and time-consuming to design biological
experiments to recognize subchloroplast localizations of these proteins. To address this problem, during
the past ten years, twelve computational prediction methods have been developed to predict protein
subchloroplast localization. This review summarizes the research progress in this area. We hope the
review could provide important guide for further computational study on protein subchloroplast localization.
A Brief Overview of the Oral Delivery of Insulin as an Alternative to the Parenteral Delivery
Authors: Macedo Ana , Filipe Patrícia , Thomé Natália G. , Vieira João , Oliveira Carolina , Teodósio Catarina , Ferreira Raquel , Roque Luís , Fonte Pedro 
Published: January 2020

:
Diabetes mellitus greatly affects the quality of life of patients and has a
worldwide prevalence. Insulin is the most commonly used drug to treat diabetic patients
and is usually administered through the subcutaneous route. However, this route of
administration is ineffective due to the low concentration of insulin at the site of action.
This route of administration causes discomfort to the patient and increases the risk of
infection due to skin barrier disturbance caused by the needle. The oral administration of
insulin has been proposed to surpass the disadvantages of subcutaneous
administration. In this review, we give an overview of the strategies to deliver insulin by
the oral route, from insulin conjugation to encapsulation into nanoparticles. These
strategies are still under development to attain efficacy and effectiveness that are
expected to be achieved in the near future.