bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between p53, Bcl2 proteins and histological grade in colorectal adenocarcinoma associated with type 2 diabetes and obesity
Authors: Horaţiu-Cristian Popescu-Vâlceanu , Mihai Stoicea , Valentin Enache , Petronel Mustatea , Emilia Rusu , Ramona Drăguţ , Gabriela Radulian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of our study was to evaluate the expression of p53 protein in colorectal adenocarcinoma in diabetic (type 2) obese vs non-obese vs and to analyse p53, Bcl2 proteins expression in type 2 diabetic vs non-diabetic patients based on histological grade.Material and MethodsIn a retrospective study we analyzed all hospitalized patients with colorectal cancer between 2011–2015 in Bucharest Emergency Hospital, according to International Statistical Classification of Diseases classification and Related Health Problems 10th Revision.The p53 and Bcl2 proteins expressions were investigated by automated immunohistochemistry BenchMark XT Ventana platform using dual Bcl2-p53 protocol in the Histopathology Department of the Central Reference Laboratory Synevo.ResultsWe identified in order of appearance only the cases with appropriate inclusion criteria, 95 cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma: 52 were type 2 diabetic patients (33males /19 females, mean age 70.2 years) and 43 non-diabetics (30 males /13 females mean age 69.5 years). There were 15vs2 obese subjects in diabetic/non-diabetic patients compared to 37vs41 with normal weight.Our data showed that obese diabetic patients associate more frequently the overexpression of p53 protein in colorectal adenocarcinoma in the 80% (12/15 of cases) comparative with non-obese diabetic patients 40.5% (15/37 cases) or non-diabetics and non-obese controls 36.6% (15/41 cases p = 0.024).Regarding histological grade, diabetic patients associated low-grade colorectal tumors (78.8% of cases) compared with non-diabetics (58.1% of cases) and non-diabetic patients associated high-grade colorectal tumors increased (41.9%) compared to diabetics (21.2%), with statistical significance (p = 0.043).Diabetics compared with non-diabetics associated an oversexpression of all immunophenotypes in the low histological grade colorectal adenocarcinoma: Bcl2-/p53- immunophenotype in 62% vs 53% of cases (p = 0.836); for Bcl2 + / p53- immunophenotype in 67% vs 43% of cases (p = 0.064); for Bcl2-/p53 + immunophenotype in 77% vs 71% of cases (p = 0.489) and for Bcl2 + /p53 + immunophenotype in 100% vs33% of cases (p = 0.333).DiscussionIt is known that the protein p53 is a powerful transcriptor factor acting as checkpoint controlling the differentiation of the various cells including adipocytes and also possible enterocytes (explaining the higher frequency of colorectal cancer which has been associated with the increased proliferation of adipocytes characterizing the obesity).Due to the protection conferred by a normal p53 protein its upregulation could be a new target for the treatment of obesity. Interesting our work revealed that diabetic patients associated low-grade colorectal adenocarcinoma with an oversexpression of all immunophenotypes.
Feasibility of testing the medium-term impact of inulin on phenolic acids bioavailability in healthy overweight individuals
Authors: Cong Wenjuan , Swailes Cara , Martiniuc Mircea , Talib Wardah , Mullen William , Preston Tom , Morrison Douglas J. , Combet Emilie , Edwards Christine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionInteractions between polyphenols and non-digestible carbohydrates (NDC) can impact on polyphenolic metabolites bioavailability, including phenolic acids. The BLEND2 trial (NCT03840746) aims to study longer-term interactions of a flavonoid-rich food with/without NDC on microbiota metabolites and cardiometabolic markers. Trial feasibility using a bespoke food was tested.Material and MethodsThe soup was developed locally containing cherry tomatoes, tomato puree, red onion, fresh lovage, with/without the NDC inulin (10g), but improved and processed with Campden BRI, Chipping Campden, UK. The final product (~400g/ tin) was evaluated with VAS scales (0–10) for appearance, smell, taste and overall palatability, and flavonoid content evaluated using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The 3-arm parallel randomised blinded design (control soup, soup + inulin, habitual diet control) recruited self-reported healthy participants (BMI > 25, 40–70y) with urine, blood, faecal samples collected at baseline, 3-week, 6-weeks.ResultsBoth soups scored similarly (n = 8 testers) for visual appeal (with inulin 5.1 ± 2.1; without 4.5 ± 2.0); smell (with 5.9 ± 1.7; without 5.4 ± 0.8); taste (with 6.6 ± 2.0; without 5.5 ± 2.3), aftertaste (with 6.3 ± 2.9; without 5.4 ± 2.3) and overall palatability (with 7.0 ± 1.9; without 6.1 ± 2.1).The soups (A&B), 1 tin/day, provide 68.5 ± 10.9 mg total flavonoids (soup A n = 3, quercetin equivalents) and 74.0 ± 16.1 mg (soup B, n = 3): quercetin (A 1.2 ± 0.1 mg; B 1.3 ± 0.6 mg), quercetin-4-glucoside (A 3.9 ± 1.0 mg; B 4.1 ± 1.9 mg), quercetin-3-rutinoside (A 23.0 ± 3.2 mg; B 20.5 ± 1.0 mg), quercetin 3,4-diglucosides (A 40.5 ± 6.9 mg; B 48.2 ± 14.9 mg).Following notes of interest (n = 415), n = 111 attended screening, n = 34 did not proceed (medications, opt-out; 31%). Participants (n = 77) are mostly British (79%), median age 56y (IQR 49-62) with a median BMI of 31 (IQR 28-35). Dropout was low (12%) and early in the study (personal issues, n = 2; gastrointestinal issues, n = 2; failure to comply with protocol, n = 2; acid reflux symptoms, n = 1; dislike of test food, n = 1). Adverse events included acid reflux/heartburn (n = 4), gastrointestinal distress (n = 3) accounting for 3 drop-outs.To date, urine, blood and faecal samples (study day or day + 1) were collected at all timepoints, for all participants. Participation (soup arms) has not led to body weight or blood lipids changes compared to control group.DiscussionThe protocol for this 6-week trial has proved feasible with lower dropout than expected. Soup flavonoid content representing ~16% of average European flavonoid intakes, with inulin (10g) half the UK daily fibre intake. The soup was well accepted with few reports of adverse issues. Recruitment in this population is challenging, due to high levels of medication and ill health.
Exercise and human gut microbiota: a systemic review
Authors: Xu Huiwen , Álvarez Lourdes Ortiz , Martínez-Téllez Borja , Ruiz Jonatan Ruiz 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground:Eubiosis is the intestinal microbial ecosystem balance between human and microorganisms, whereas a disbalance in this intestinal microbial ecosystem is known as dysbiosis. The relationship between exercise with gut microbiota in humans is poorly studied, although it seems that one of the possible ways to restore eubiosis could be via exercise. This systematic review aimed to examine the scientific literature available on the influence of exercise in the gut microbiota of healthy adults.Methods:A systematic and comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science (WOS) from their inception to April 2019. Search terms used were: “Gastrointestinal Microbiome”, “Fecal Microbiota”, “Cecal Microbiota”, “Faecal Microbiota, “Exercises”, “Training” and “Human”.Results:The initial search retrieved 218 articles and 15 met the inclusion criteria of which 9 were cross-sectional, 3 acute and 3 chronic exercise interventions. Higher levels of physical activity or VO2max were positively associated with alpha-diversity in the 85.7% of the cross-sectional studies (n = 6). We found controversial findings between levels of physical activity or VO2max with Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria phylum over cross-sectional studies. However, some studies found that higher levels of physical activity or VO2max were positively related with Verrumicrobia and Actinobacteria, as well as their levels increased after the exercise interventions studies. Furthermore, higher levels of physical activity or VO2max were positively related with short-chain-fatty-acids (SCFAs), as well as their levels increased after a chronic intervention.Discussion:The muscle-gut axis is based on the contraction of skeletal muscle during exercise due to the release of myokines. This myokines that seem to play a role in mediating the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion in the gut during exercise. GLP-1 is one of the key incretins involved in the whole-body metabolism. On other hand, the gut-muscle axis, relies that the gut microbiota is able to produce SCFAs, which are mediator of mitochondrial energy metabolism in skeletal muscles.Conclusion:Higher levels of physical activity or VO2max are positively related with higher levels of alpha diversity and some phylum in healthy adults. Moreover, both acute and chronic exercises only influence some phylum. However, the high heterogeneity between studies hampers to draw stronger conclusions. Therefore, further studies are needed to understand the possible mechanism about how exercise could affect healthy human gut microbiota.
Piceatannol-mediated alteration of amyloidogenesis in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells treated with amyloid-beta
Authors: Yang Yun Jung , Cha Hee Yun , Yang Soo Jin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHigh glucose condition impairs neuronal integrity and function by regulating amyloidogenesis and neuroinflammation. Here, we pursue to investigate whether high glucose condition leads impairments in neuronal integrity/function by inducing amyloidogenesis and neuroinflammation, and whether piceatannol (PIC) restores high glucose condition-induced deteriorations in neuronal cells. High glucose condition was induced by maintaining SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells in 25 mM glucose. In addition, amyloid-beta was applied to make the cells having amyloidogenesis-mediated deleterious alterations. Cells were maintained in low glucose (2.5 mM glucose) or high glucose (25 mM glucose) condition. And, two doses (10 and 20 μM) of PIC and/or 10 μM of amyloid-beta were treated in a subset of cells for 24 h. There were no significant differences in cell morphology and cell viability among groups. PIC treatment did not show cell toxicity based on cell viability assessed by PrestoBlue assay. High concentration of glucose and amyloid-beta treatments increased amyloid-beta concentrations in cell lysates and conditioned media, which were reduced by PIC. 10 μM PIC treatment for 24 h decreased amyloid precursor protein (APP), beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1, presenilin (PS) 1 and tau. Among analyzed inflammatory markers, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were reduced in conditioned media by 10 μM PIC administration for 24 h. These data indicate that high glucose condition may result in excessive levels of amyloidogenesis and neuroinflammation as well as subsequent changes in neuronal integrity/function, and that PIC treatment may ameliorate the deleterious consequences from high glucose and amyloid-beta treatments.
Dietary composition is associated with one-carbon metabolites and B-vitamin status in patients with stable angina – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lysne Vegard , van Parys Anthea , Olsen Thomas , Marienborg Ingvild , Laupsa-Borge Johnny , Haugsgjerd Teresa Risan , Ueland Per Magne , Dierkes Jutta , Nygård Ottar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroduction:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α (PPARα) is a known regulator of lipid and energy metabolism. In animal experiments of PPARα activation, we have reported on altered plasma concentration of metabolites related to one-carbon metabolism and B-vitamin status. Several of these metabolites, e.g. homocysteine and dimethylglycine, have been associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Diet can influence one-carbon metabolism, and this may partly be mediated through altered PPARα activity as dietary fatty acids can activate PPARα. As diet is a modifiable life style factor, the aim of this investigation is to explore potential associations between dietary composition and plasma concentration of one-carbon metabolites and markers of B-vitamin status.Materials and methods:The study population consisted of 1977 patients with stable angina (geometric mean age 61 years, 80% male) from the Western Norway B-vitamin Intervention Trial (WENBIT), who completed a self-administered food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Data on outcome variables were obtained from the baseline blood samples (35% fasting). Outcome variables of interest were metabolites related to one-carbon metabolism and B-vitamin status. Cross-sectional associations between protein, carbohydrate and fat intake with the outcome metabolites were analysed with linear regression, adjusted for age, sex, fasting status, BMI and reported energy intake. Estimates are given as % change in the outcome variable per isoenergetic increment of 1 energy % (E%) in the exposure nutrient.Results:The average distribution [95% prediction interval] of energy intake (E%) in the population was 48.5 (37.1, 63.4) from carbohydrate, 31.4 (21.9, 44.9) from fat and 16.5 (12.2, 22.3) from protein.The strongest associations were seen for increasing protein intake, while the associations with fat and carbohydrate intake were weaker. The most pronounced associations (% change [95% confidence interval]) with increasing protein intake were higher cobalamin (2.9 [2.1, 3.7]), PLP (2.7 [1.7, 3.7]) and riboflavin (2.3 [1.0, 3.6]), and lower tHcy (-1.4 [-1.9, -0.9]) and MMA (-1.3 [-1.9, -0.7]).Discussion:The current observations indicate that dietary macronutrient composition may influence plasma concentration of one-carbon metabolites and markers of B-vitamin status. The strongest associations are observed with increasing protein intake, but elucidating the importance of the nutrient substituted remains. Whether the observed associations are due to macronutrients per se, or reflect differences in food choices/nutrient intakes, or effects on physiological factors, i.e. inflammation or PPARα activation, is not known.
Processed meat intake in relation to semen quality indicators among men attending a fertility clinic
Authors: Danielewicz Anna , Przybyłowicz Katarzyna , Morze Jakub 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIt is estimated that in Central and Eastern Europe 8–12% of men are infertile, and in the case of 20% of infertile couples in the region, indicates a 56% part of the malefactor in the occurrence of infertility. Numerous studies have shown that a healthy diet with a high intake of fish and seafood, poultry, vegetables, fruits, legumes, through the high content of antioxidants are associated with better parameters of semen quality and reduced risk of asthenozoospermia. Men's diets may affect spermatogenesis as reflected in semen quality indicators, but the literature on the relation between meat intake and semen quality is limited. Our objective was to prospectively examine the relation between meats including red, poultry, proceesed and fish and indicators of semen quality. Men in subfertile couples presenting for evaluation at the Olsztyn Hospital Fertility Center were invited to participate in an ongoing study of environmental factors and fertility. This cross-sectional study was carried out in 208 men aged 18–55 years from Northern-Eastern Poland. Semen samples were collected at the clinic and analyses were performed by an experienced technician. Semen microscopic measurements were determined with the use of computer-aided semen analysis (CASA) and evaluated according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. A total of men completed a validated food-frequency questionnaire and subsequently provided semen samples. We used linear mixed regression models to examine the relation between meat intake and semen quality indicators (total sperm count, sperm concentration, progressive motility, morphology, and semen volume) while adjusting for potential confounders. After adjustment for age, BMI, physical activity, residence place and education, one serving increase in intake of processed meat was associated with a 56% higher risk of abnormal progressive sperm motility (OR = 1.56 95%CI:1.09–2.21). Consuming processed meat may have a negative impact on sperm counts and morphology. Potentially, these products may be a significant source of saturated and trans fatty acids, xenobiotics, mainly xenoestrogen, and steroids. Is need to clarify the potential effect of meat products, especially processed meat, on male reproductive potential in RCTs or longitudinal studies. Future findings may be useful to establish a more precise recommendation connected with red and processed meat intake in the context of reproductive health.
Identifying novel metabolite biomarkers of adherence to a cluster analysis-derived healthy dietary pattern
Authors: Macias Shirin , Green Brian D. , Woodside Jayne V. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe MEDDINI intervention study investigated how advice improved the adoption of a Mediterranean diet (MD) in cardiovascular disease patients. Earlier research profiled the levels of blood metabolites in MEDDINI participants, in the process discovering a number dietary biomarkers indicative of a MD. However, a potential limitation of this approach is that MD scores are semi-quantitative, and don't reflect the absolute amounts of food consumed. Therefore, the present study identified distinct dietary patterns based on quantified food diary data from 58 MEDDINI participants by applying k-means clustering analysis. Previously measured blood metabolites (90) using targeted and untargeted methods were then assessed for their performance as dietary biomarkers. After careful standardisation (z-scores), optimisation and cross-validation dietary data were reduced to 6 specific food groups and this led to the formation of two clusters. Cluster 1 included participants who had the lowest intakes of fruit and vegetables, legumes, fish and whole grain cereals and the highest intake of meat and sweet foods (including carbonated drinks). Cluster 2 comprised the participants with highest intake of fruit and vegetables, legumes, fish and whole grain cereals and the lowest intake of meat and sweet foods (including carbonated drinks). Discriminatory metabolites (p derived from untargeted analysis included Citric acid, Tyrosine, Malonate, Pyroglutamic acid, Succinate, Betaine, L-asparagine and Fumaric acid which were significantly increased in cluster 2, and 2-Hydroxybutyric acid and Pyruvic acid which were significantly decreased in cluster 2. Targeted biomarker analysis showed 8 discriminatory metabolites which were significantly (p increased in cluster 2. These were Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), alpha-Carotene, beta-Carotene, beta-Cryptoxanthin, Vitamin C, Lutein, alpha-Linolenic acid and Lycopene. Conversely Osbond acid, Cholesterol and Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) were significantly lower in cluster 2. Metabolites significantly correlated with some of the 6 groups in the clusters. For example, Citric acid, Betaine and Vitamin C positively correlated with combined fruit, fruit juice and vegetable intake: (r = 0.20, p = 0.018; r = 0.20, p = 0.02 and r = 0.34, p = 5.7E-5 respectively). DHA, alpha-Carotenoid and beta-Carotenoid significantly correlated with fish intake (r = 0.58, p = 1.94E-13; r = 0.40, p = 2E-6 and r = 0.30, p = 3.5E-4 respectively). The present study demonstrates the utility of clustering analysis for effectively assessing adherence to healthy dietary patterns and the discovery of novel dietary biomarkers.
Comparative effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation via buccal spray versus oral supplements on 25(OH)D concentrations: a systematic review
Authors: Pritchard Lucy , Hickson Mary , Lewis Stephen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractVitamin D (vitD) deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide. Most patients are treated with oral vitD capsules (either vitD2 or vitD3). A few studies have reported equal efficacy of buccal spray vitD. This is a new formulation that is absorbed via the oral mucosa into the systemic circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal route. The main objective of this systematic review was to identify RCT evidence for the comparative effectiveness of buccal spray versus oral vitD on serum 25-hydroxyvitaminD [25-OHD] concentrations and any adverse effects of buccal spray vitD. We have published an a priori protocol using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology (PROSPERO CRD42018118580). A three-step search strategy to identify RCTs was conducted, which reported serum 25-OHD concentrations from five databases from 2008–2018. Retrieved abstracts were screened; included papers imported into JBI SUMARI and assessed for study quality (GRADE) by two authors. Meta-analysis was planned. Three RCTs met our inclusion criteria. Due to heterogeneity of studies, meta-analysis was not possible. In a RCT crossover study, mean serum 25-OHD concentrations were significantly higher in patients with malabsorption syndrome (n = 20) on 1000IU buccal spray + 117.8%(10.46, 95%CI6.89,14.03ng/ml) vs.1000IU oral vitD3 + 36.02%(3.96, 95%CI2.37, 5.56ng/ml) at 30days (p < 0.0001). Mean serum 25-OHD were also significantly higher in healthy adults (n = 20) on buccal spray + 42.99%(7.995, 95%CI6.86,9.13ng/ml)vs.oral vitD3 + 21.72%(4.06, 95%CI3.41,4.71ng/ml) at 30days (p < 0.0001). In another RCT crossover study, ANCOVA revealed no significant difference in the mean and SD change from baseline total 25-OHD concentrations in adults (n = 22) on 3000IU buccal spray vs. 3000IU oral vitD3 + 44%,26.15 (SD17.85) vs. + 51%,30.38 (SD17.91)nmol/l, respectively;F = 1.044, adjusted r20.493,p = 0.313 at 4 weeks. In a RCT, 800IU buccal spray was equally effective as 750IU oral vitD3 in children with neurodisabilities(n = 24) at 3 months. Both groups had a significant increase in 25-OHD; 11.5 ng/ml(median8–19) to 26.5(13.6–39)ng/ml and 15.5ng/ml(8–20) to 34.5(22–49)ng/ml, respectively (z = 150;p < 0.0001). The overall certainty of evidence was very low to moderate. No adverse effects were reported. The evidence from these studies suggests that 800IU-3000IU doses of buccal spray vitD3 given daily may be an effective alternative as oral vitD3 in obtaining short-term haematological responses in serum 25-OHD concentrations. Buccal spray vitD3 may be a useful alternative for patients with intestinal malabsorption or dysphagia. Future research should compare buccal spray VD3 to intramuscular injections and confirm these findings in well-designed trials.