bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Needle device‐assisted single‐incision laparoscopic gastrectomy for early gastric cancer: A propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: Doden Kenta , Inaki Noriyuki , Tsuji Toshikatsu , Matsui Ryota 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionSingle‐incision laparoscopic gastrectomy can be difficult because of complex instrumentation and a limited working angle. We standardized a needle device‐assisted single‐incision laparoscopic gastrectomy (NA‐SILG) procedure for early gastric cancer in 2013. Herein, we present our technique and evaluate it in comparison to the conventional laparoscopic gastrectomy CLG) technique.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed medical records of 149 patients who underwent a NA‐SILG or distal (CLG) for early gastric cancer between January 2013 and August 2016. We performed 1:1 propensity score matching between the two groups.ResultsEighteen patients who underwent a NA‐SILG and 131 who underwent a CLG were included. Almost all patients were in clinical stage IA. Operative times were 216 ± 29.7 minutes and 220 ± 51.7 minutes for the NA‐SILG and CLG groups, respectively; the median intraoperative bleeding amounts were 5 mL and 10 mL for the NA‐SILG and CLG groups, respectively. The median number of retrieved lymph nodes was 41.5 and 57 for the NA‐SILG and CLG groups, respectively. The number of patients needing analgesics was significantly lower in the NA‐SILG group (P = .003) than in the CLG group. Neither group had postoperative complications more severe than Clavien‐Dindo classification III.ConclusionNeedle device‐assisted SILG is safe and feasible for early gastric cancer treatment in slim figure patients. It has short and long‐term outcomes comparable to the CLG but is less invasive and results in less postoperative pain.
The 2020 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders: Bipolar disorder summary
Authors: Malhi Gin S. , Bell Erica , Boyce Philip , Bassett Darryl , Berk Michael , Bryant Richard , Gitlin Michael , Hamilton Amber , Hazell Philip , Hopwood Malcolm , Lyndon Bill , McIntyre Roger S. , Morris Grace , Mulder Roger , Porter Richard , Singh Ajeet B. , Yatham Lakshmi N. , Young Allan , Murray Greg 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo provide a succinct, clinically useful summary of the management of bipolar disorder, based on the 2020 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders (MDcpg2020).MethodsTo develop the MDcpg2020, the mood disorders committee conducted an extensive review of the available literature to develop evidence‐based recommendations (EBR) based on National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) guidelines. In the MDcpg2020, these recommendations sit alongside consensus‐based recommendations (CBR) that were derived from extensive deliberations of the mood disorders committee, drawing on their expertise and clinical experience. This guideline summary is an abridged version that focuses on bipolar disorder. In collaboration with international experts in the field, it synthesises the key recommendations made in relation to the diagnosis and management of bipolar disorder.ResultsThe bipolar disorder summary provides a systematic approach to diagnosis, and a logical clinical framework for management. It addresses the acute phases of bipolar disorder (mania, depression and mixed states) and its longer‐term management (maintenance and prophylaxis). For each phase it begins with Actions, which include important strategies that should be implemented from the outset wherever possible. These include for example, lifestyle changes, psychoeducation and psychological interventions. In each phase, the summary advocates the use of Choice medications for pharmacotherapy, which are then used in combinations along with additional Alternatives to manage acute symptoms or maintain mood stability and provide prophylaxis. The summary also recommends the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for each of the acute phases but not for maintenance therapy. Finally, it briefly considers bipolar disorder in children and its overlap in adults with borderline personality disorder.ConclusionsThe bipolar disorder summary provides up to date guidance regarding the management of bipolar disorder, as set out in the MDcpg2020. The recommendations are informed by evidence and clinical expertise and experience. The summary is intended for use by psychiatrists, psychologists and primary care physicians but will be of interest to anyone involved in the management of patients with bipolar disorder.
NR5A1 c.991‐1G > C splice‐site variant causes familial 46,XY partial gonadal dysgenesis with incomplete penetrance
Authors: Laan Maris , Kasak Laura , Timinskas Kęstutis , Grigorova Marina , Venclovas Česlovas , Renaux Alexandre , Lenaerts Tom , Punab Margus 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to identify the genetic basis of partial gonadal dysgenesis (PGD) in a non‐consanguineous family from Estonia.PatientsCousins P (proband) 1 (12 years; 46,XY) and P2 (18 years; 46,XY) presented bilateral cryptorchidism, severe penoscrotal hypospadias, low bitesticular volume and azoospermia in P2. Their distant relative, P3 (30 years; 46,XY), presented bilateral cryptorchidism and cryptozoospermia.DesignExome sequencing was targeted to P1‐P3 and five unaffected family members.ResultsP1‐P2 were identified as heterozygous carriers of NR5A1 c.991‐1G > C. NR5A1 encodes the steroidogenic factor‐1 essential in gonadal development and specifically expressed in adrenal, spleen, pituitary and testes. Together with a previous PGD case from Belgium (Robevska et al 2018), c.991‐1G > C represents the first recurrent NR5A1 splice‐site mutation identified in patients. The majority of previous reports on NR5A1 mutation carriers have not included phenotype‐genotype data of the family members. Segregation analysis across three generations showed incomplete penetrance (<50%) and phenotypic variability among the carriers of NR5A1 c.991‐1G > C. The variant pathogenicity was possibly modulated by rare heterozygous variants inherited from the other parent, OTX2 p.P134R (P1) or PROP1 c.301_302delAG (P2). For P3, the pedigree structure supported a distinct genetic cause. He carries a previously undescribed likely pathogenic variant SOS1 p.Y136H. SOS1, critical in Ras/MAPK signalling and foetal development, is a strong novel candidate gene for cryptorchidism.ConclusionsDetailed genetic profiling facilitates counselling and clinical management of the probands, and supports unaffected mutation carriers in the family for their reproductive decision making.
Relationships of young adults with foster care backgrounds: Tensions and management strategies
Authors: Tahkola Elli‐Maria , Metsäpelto Riitta‐Leena , Ruohotie‐Lyhty Maria , Poikkeus Anna‐Maija 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe present study focuses on experiences of relational tensions and management strategies in family relationships among 18 young adults with foster care backgrounds who participated in interviews. In the analysis drawing from relational dialectics, three main tensions were revealed in the participants' relationships with birth and foster family members or in their romantic relationships: the dialectics of emotional distance‐closeness, integration‐separation and sameness‐otherness. In addition, the tension of the childhood dialectic of responsibility was identified in this study. The tensions were managed utilizing eight strategies. The findings highlight the importance of giving a voice to young adults who have experienced the complex web of relationships in at least two families and of sensitizing both birth and foster parents and other adults working with foster children and youth to these tensions in relationships.
Novel ACTG2 variants disclose allelic heterogeneity and bi‐allelic inheritance in pediatric chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction
Authors: Matera Ivana , Bordo Domenico , Di Duca Marco , Lerone Margherita , Santamaria Giuseppe , Pongiglione Marta , Lezo Antonella , Diamanti Antonella , Spagnuolo Maria Immacolata , Pini Prato Alessio , Alberti Daniele , Mattioli Girolamo , Gandullia Paolo , Ceccherini Isabella 
Published: December 2020

AbstractVariants in the ACTG2 gene, encoding a protein crucial for correct enteric muscle contraction, have been found in patients affected with chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction, either congenital or late‐onset visceral myopathy, and megacystis‐microcolon‐intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome. Here we report about ten pediatric and one adult patients, from nine families, carrying ACTG2 variants: four show novel still unpublished missense variants, including one that is apparently transmitted according to a recessive mode of inheritance. Four of the remaining five probands carry variants affecting arginine residues, that have already been associated with a severe phenotype. A de novo occurrence of the variants could be confirmed in six of these families. Since a genotype–phenotype correlation is affected by extrinsic factors, such as, diagnosis delay, quality of clinical management, and intra‐familial variability, we have undertaken 3D molecular modeling to get further insights into the effects of the variants here described. The present findings and further ACTG2 testing of patients presenting with intestinal pseudo‐obstruction, will improve our understanding of visceral myopathies, including implications in the prognosis and genetic counseling of this set of severe disorders.
Maxillary sinus augmentation with three different biomaterials: Histological, histomorphometric, clinical, and patient‐reported outcomes from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Velasco‐Ortega Eugenio , Valente Nicola Alberto , Iezzi Giovanna , Petrini Morena , Derchi Giacomo , Barone Antonio 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundLateral maxillary sinus augmentation (MSA) is a predictable bone regeneration technique in case of atrophy of the posterior‐upper maxilla. Aimed at obtaining quantity and quality of bone suitable for receiving osseointegrated implants, its success is largely due to the skill of the surgeon, but also to the characteristics of the biomaterial used.MethodsTwenty‐four patients needing MSA were included in the study. The patients were randomly allocated to three different groups: anorganic bovine bone mineral as control, tricalcium phosphate with or without hyaluronic acid (HA) as test groups. Nine months after MSA, bone biopsies were harvested for the histomorphometric analysis. Secondary outcomes were mean bone gain, intraoperative and postoperative complications, implant insertion torque, implant failure, and patient‐reported outcome measures.ResultsAlthough the percentage of new bone was not statistically different between the three groups (P = .191), the percentages of residual biomaterial was significantly higher (P < .000) and nonmineralized tissue significantly lower (P < .000) in the control than in the test groups. Test groups did not differ significantly from each other for all histomorphometric parameters. The implant insertion torque was significantly higher in the control group (P < .0005). The rest of the secondary outcomes were not significantly different between the groups.ConclusionMSA is a safe and predictable procedure in terms of histological, clinical, and PROAMs, regardless of the biomaterial used. The addition of HA did not influence the outcomes.
Children automatically abstract categorical regularities during statistical learning
Authors: Jung Yaelan , Walther Dirk B. , Finn Amy S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractStatistical learning allows us to discover myriad structures in our environment, which is saturated with information at many different levels—from items to categories. How do children learn different levels of information—about regularities that pertain to items and the categories they come from—and how does this differ from adults? Studies on category learning and memory have suggested that children may be more focused on items than adults. If this is also the case for statistical learning, children may not extract and learn the multi‐level regularities that adults can. We report three experiments showing that children and adults extract both item‐ and category‐level regularities in statistical learning. In Experiments 1 and 2, we show that both children and adults can learn structure at the item and category levels when they are measured independently. In Experiment 3, we show that both children and adults learn about categories even when exposure does not require this: both are able to generalize their learning from the item to the category level. Results indicate that statistical learning operates across multi‐level structure in children and adults alike, enabling generalization of learning from specific items to exemplars from categories of those items that observers have never seen. Even though children may be more focused on items during other forms of learning, they learn about categories from item‐level input during statistical learning.
Functional motor disorders associated with other neurological diseases: Beyond the boundaries of “organic” neurology
Authors: Tinazzi Michele , Geroin Christian , Erro Roberto , Marcuzzo Enrico , Cuoco Sofia , Ceravolo Roberto , Mazzucchi Sonia , Pilotto Andrea , Padovani Alessandro , Romito Luigi Michele , Eleopra Roberto , Zappia Mario , Nicoletti Alessandra , Dallocchio Carlo , Arbasino Carla , Bono Francesco , Pascarella Angelo , Demartini Benedetta , Gambini Orsola , Modugno Nicola , Olivola Enrica , Bonanni Laura , Antelmi Elena , Zanolin Elisabetta , Albanese Alberto , Ferrazzano Gina , de Micco Rosa , Lopiano Leonardo , Calandra‐Buonaura Giovanna , Petracca Martina , Esposito Marcello , Pisani Antonio , Manganotti Paolo , Stocchi Fabrizio , Coletti Moja Mario , Antonini Angelo , Ercoli Tommaso , Morgante Francesca 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and purposeThe aims of this study were to describe the clinical manifestations of functional motor disorders (FMDs) coexisting with other neurological diseases (“comorbid FMDs”), and to compare comorbid FMDs with FMDs not overlapping with other neurological diseases (“pure FMDs”).MethodsFor this multicenter observational study, we enrolled outpatients with a definite FMD diagnosis attending 25 tertiary movement disorder centers in Italy. Each patient with FMDs underwent a detailed clinical assessment including screening for other associated neurological conditions. Group comparisons (comorbid FMDs vs. pure FMDs) were performed in order to compare demographic and clinical variables. Logistic regression models were created to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of comorbid FMDs (dependent variable) in relation to sociodemographic and clinical characteristics (independent variables).ResultsOut of 410 FMDs, 21.7% of patients (n = 89) had comorbid FMDs. The most frequent coexisting neurological diseases were migraine, cerebrovascular disease and parkinsonism. In the majority of cases (86.5%), FMDs appeared after the diagnosis of a neurological disease. Patients with comorbid FMDs were older, and more frequently had tremor, non‐neurological comorbidities, paroxysmal non‐epileptic seizures, major depressive disorders, and benzodiazepine intake. Multivariate regression analysis showed that diagnosis of comorbid FMDs was more likely associated with longer time lag until the final diagnosis of FMD, presence of tremor and non‐neurological comorbidities.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the need for prompt diagnosis of FMDs, given the relatively high frequency of associated neurological and non‐neurological diseases.
CRISPR: development of a technology and its applications
Authors: Derry W. Brent 
Published: December 2020

CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) is a prokaryotic immune surveillance system that is used by bacteria to recognize genetic material of infectious organisms, such as phage viruses. Using CRISPR‐associated (Cas) proteins, this system cleaves foreign nucleic acid into fragments, thus defending the bacterium against the attacker. The 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to CRISPR‐Cas pioneers Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna, who developed the CRISPR‐Cas system to precisely edit genomic DNA. This technology has exploded at a breathtaking pace and is now used by almost every molecular biology laboratory around the world in a myriad of organisms. In this Virtual Issue, the FEBS Journal features articles reviewing the development of CRISPR/Cas9 technology and its applications to understand the functions of proteins in vivo.
Stability in subtropical forests: The role of tree species diversity, stand structure, environmental and socio‐economic conditions
Authors: Ouyang Shuai , Xiang Wenhua , Gou Mengmeng , Chen Liang , Lei Pifeng , Xiao Wenfa , Deng Xiangwen , Zeng Lixiong , Li Jiangrong , Zhang Tao , Peng Changhui , Forrester David I. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimTree species diversity can increase the stability of ecosystem productivity by increasing mean productivity and/or reducing the standard deviation in productivity. However, stand structure, environmental and socio‐economic conditions influence plant diversity and might strongly influence the relationships between diversity and stability in natural forest communities. The relative importance of these factors for community stability remains poorly understood in complex (species‐rich) subtropical forests.LocationSubtropical area of southern China.Time period1999–2014.Major taxa studiedForest trees.MethodsWe conducted bivariate analyses to examine the mechanisms (overyielding and species asynchrony) underlying the effects of diversity on stability. Multiple regression models were then used to determine the relative importance of tree species diversity, stand structure, socio‐economic factors and environmental conditions on stability. Structural equation modelling was used to disentangle how these variables directly and/or indirectly affect forest stability.ResultsTree species richness exerted a positive effect on stability through overyielding and species asynchrony, and this effect was stronger in mountainous forests than in hilly forests. Species richness positively affected the mean productivity, whereas species asynchrony negatively affected the variability in productivity, hence increasing forest stability. Structural diversity also had a positive effect, whereas population density had a negative effect on stability. Precipitation variability and slope mainly had indirect influences on stability through their effects on tree species richness.Main conclusionsOverall, tree species diversity governed stability; however, stand structure, socio‐economic conditions and environmental conditions also played an important role in shaping stability in these forests. Our work highlights the importance of regulating stand structure and socio‐economic factors in forest management and biodiversity conservation, to maintain and enhance their stability to provide ecosystem services in the face of unprecedented anthropogenic activities and global climate change.
Outcomes of gasless laparoendoscopic single‐port partial nephrectomy in 356 consecutive patients: Feasibility of a clampless and sutureless technique
Authors: Yasuda Yosuke , Saito Kazutaka , Tanaka Hajime , Uehara Sho , Kijima Toshiki , Yoshida Soichiro , Yokoyama Minato , Matsuoka Yoh , Kihara Kazunori , Fujii Yasuhisa 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate the outcomes and feasibilities of gasless laparoendoscopic single‐port clampless sutureless partial nephrectomy.MethodsWe reviewed 356 consecutive patients with primary unilateral non‐metastatic renal masses who underwent gasless laparoendoscopic single‐port partial nephrectomy (2011–2018), which was performed retroperitoneally using a three‐dimensional flexible endoscope, without vascular clamping or renorrhaphy in principle.ResultsThe median tumor size was 2.5 cm, and 213 (60%), 105 (29%), and 38 (11%) patients had peripheral, central, and hilar tumors, respectively. Clampless and sutureless partial nephrectomy was accomplished in 337 patients (95%), while eight (2%) and 16 (4%) patients required vascular clamping and renorrhaphy, respectively. The median operative time and blood loss were 220 min and 266 mL, respectively; eight patients (2%) received blood transfusion. Clavien–Dindo grade 3a complications occurred in 27 patients (8%); all these patients had urinary leakage treated with ureteral stent placement, one of whom also developed a postoperative pseudoaneurysm. Among 324 patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma, six (2%) had positive surgical margins, and one (0.3%) and seven (2%) developed metastatic and local recurrences, respectively. During a median follow‐up of 54 months, no patient died from kidney cancer. The median percent decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate at 3 months after surgery was 5.7%. No patient experienced postoperative acute renal failure, while one patient with preexisting renal impairment started dialysis at 70 months after surgery.ConclusionsClampless and sutureless partial nephrectomy can be safely accomplished in most patients undergoing gasless laparoendoscopic single‐port surgery, yielding favorable oncological and functional outcomes.
Chinese mental health professionals’ perceptions of shared decision‐making regarding people diagnosed with schizophrenia: A qualitative study
Authors: Huang Chongmei , Lam Louisa , Zhong Yaping , Plummer Virginia , Cross Wendy 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe implementation of shared decision‐making regarding people diagnosed with schizophrenia is limited, although it is reported to have a positive impact on improving treatment adherence, therapeutic relationships and saving medical costs. The successful implementation of it is mainly dependent on the active engagement of mental health professionals. This study aims to identify mental health professionals’ perceptions of shared decision‐making regarding people diagnosed with schizophrenia in collectivist cultures such as Chinese culture. A qualitative descriptive approach was used, involving ten individual interviews with psychiatrists and four focus groups with twenty‐three mental health nurses from the psychiatry department of a tertiary hospital in mainland China. An inductive thematic approach was used to analyze the data. Two main themes with five subthemes generated: willingness to engage in shared decision‐making and perceiving shared decision‐making as unachievable. The last theme included five subthemes: (i) deference to authority, (ii) tension between family decision‐making and patient autonomy, (iii) uncertainty of trusting therapeutic relationships, (iv) implicit persuasion and (v) insufficient consultation time. Patients often lack opportunity and support to engage in decision‐making. Mental health nurses in other countries need to be aware that Chinese patients and patients with a similar background are not knowledgeable about or value shared decision‐making to the extent that other countries might. They need to evaluate and support them, including encouraging them to engage in decision‐making as well as providing appropriate information. Mental health nurses need to collaborate with patients and their families to achieve patient‐centred care when family involvement is expected.