bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic parameters of F4 red rice lines from landrace x national varieties hybridization
Authors: Mustikarini E D , Prayoga G I , Santi R , Aditya I 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Efforts that can be made in dealing with the limiting factors of rice plants are developing local rice to get the desired character. The results of hybridization were selected to see the superior character of the offspring based on genetic parameters. The purpose of this study was to obtain the value of variability, heritability, and expected genetic advance in each 4th generation character [F4]. Another goal was as a selection criterion for the 4th generation [F4] line and to get a line of promising that can be used as the next generation of promising lines. The research activities were carried out in the Experimental Station of the Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Fisheries and Biology, Bangka Belitung University. This research employed an experimental method based on a single plant design with a single factor that was 56 4th generation [F4] lines of crossed upland rice and 4 crossing elders. Qualitative characters were analyzed by calculating the modus of the characteristics of the whole population. Quantitative characters were analyzed by calculating variability, heritability, expected genetic advance, and t-student tests. The results showed that the character of flowering time, harvest time, and plant height had narrow variability, high heritability, and high expected genetic advance. The characters used for the selection criteria of rice plants in the 4th generation [F4] were flowering time, harvest time, and plant height. As many as 70 lines were used as the next generation of promising lines [F5].
Evaluation of the morphological and quality characteristics of new varieties of Papaya Agri Solinda
Authors: Fatria D , Budiyanti T , Noflindawati  , Sunyoto  , Husada E D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The availability of new varieties with high productivity, pest and disease resistance, environmental stress tolerance, and accordance with consumer needs are requirements for the papaya to be accepted in the market. This study was conducted to evaluate the new varieties of papaya Agri Solinda with superior characteristics such as a high number of fruits per plant, high productivity, medium fruit size, and a thick, sweet, slightly chewy texture, with a good fragrant fruit flesh. The plants were planted in a pairwise comparison design with three replications with 30 plants each at the Sumani Experimental Garden belongs to the Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute on 2014-2015. The result showed that papaya Agri Solinda has better characteristics compared to the comparison such as medium fruit size, bright yellow color, chewy texture, and sweet taste of fruit flesh [TDS: 12-14o Brix] with productivity over 80 tons/ha on 7-8 months of the first harvest. The morphological characteristics, a unique or new, that Agri Solinda has a sweeter taste and higher of total dissolved solids [TDS] than the comparison varieties [Sari Gading].
Growth and yield of Fragaria sp. in mixed and volume of plant media
Authors: Renfiyeni R , Andraini H , Iswaldi L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Strawberry can be planted in polybags, but the right mix and volume of the media are unknown. The study aims to determine the effect of media mix and volume on the growth and yield of strawberries [Fragaria sp.]. The right mixture of media will provide optimum growth and plant yield. Media volume is important to provide adequate root growth space. Minimum media volume is required but can provide maximum growth and yield. The study was conducted in Solok Regency, West Sumatra, using a factorial randomized block design consisting of two factors. The first factor is the media mixture consisting of three levels, namely: A1 [soil + charcoal husk], A2 [soil + cow manure + husk charcoal], A3 [soil+ chicken manure + husk charcoal]. The second factor is the volume of media consisting of three levels, namely: B1 [3 liters], B2 [5 liters] and B3 [7 liters]. The observations showed that the interaction between soil mixture, chicken manure, rice husk charcoal or soil mixture, cow manure, rice husk charcoal with a media volume of 7 liters showed the best results at root length. The highest number and weight of fruit were produced at a single factor A3 [soil+ chicken manure + husk charcoal], and media volume of 7 liters, but not significantly different from other treatments.
Physical and chemical properties of dura and pisifera genotypes of oil palm seed and its viability and vigor
Authors: Hayati P.K. D , Anggasta G N , Anwar A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Information about seed physical and chemical properties and their influence on seed dormancy, viability and vigor are barely established. The information can be useful to avoid seed deterioration and to maximize germination. This research aimed to observe the physical and chemical oil palm seed properties, and their relation to the viability and vigor. Three genotypes [Ts, Da, and Ce] from the Dura variety and one genotype [Gh] from the Pisifera variety were evaluated in a completely randomized block design with three replicates. Each genotype had different physical and chemical properties. Seeds of each genotype showed increasing amounts of carbohydrate and decreasing of water, protein, lipid, and lignin content after being held at 40°C for 45 days to break seed dormancy. Genotype Da had the highest viability and vigor compared to Ts and Ce. At the same time, there was no seed of genotype Gh germinate, probably due to the heat treatment was not suitable in breaking dormancy. There were correlations between seed weight, lipid, carbohydrate and lignin properties with seed viability and vigor. Seed protein content seems contributed less to germination compared to seed carbohydrate and lipid content.
Induction of mutations with gamma ray radiation to improve the characteristics of wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] genotype IS-Jarissa
Authors: Dwinanda P , Syukur S , Suliansyah I 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] is one of the strategic food crop commodities in Indonesia. Efforts to develop wheat continue to meet growing domestic needs. The aim of this study was 1] to obtain information on effective irradiation doses to obtain genetic diversity and diversity of morphological growth in wheat, 2] obtain information about the desired target mutants, which have early maturing and high-yielding wheat characters. The research began by irradiating the IS-Jarissa genotype wheat seed while looking for an effective dose of irradiation to change the genetic composition of wheat. Furthermore, planting mutants 1 [M1] and early mutant selection were conducted on M2. The results showed that: 1] IS-Jarissa wheat varieties were able to live on irradiation with a dose of 0 Gy, 100 Gy, 200 Gy, 300 Gy, and 400 Gy. 2] There were 21 mutant candidates in the M2 stage.
Characteristics of the liquid chemical properties of cocoa skin [Theobroma cacao L.] in different water levels
Authors: Budaraga I K , Putra D P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Cocoa is one of Indonesia’s mainstay plantation commodities that have a large amount of production. The amount of cocoa production produces cocoa skin waste products that have not been used optimally. Cocoa skin is known to contain cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin compounds which can be processed into liquid smoke. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the chemical properties of liquid cocoa smoke in different moisture content. This study used a completely randomized design [CRD] of four levels of moisture content 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% with three replications. Observation data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test [DNMRT] at the level of one percent and five percent. The results showed that the skin moisture content of cocoa had a very significant effect on pH and phenol from the liquid smoke of cocoa skin. The higher the level of cocoa skin, the pH also increases, while for total phenol, the higher the water content of cocoa skin the lower the total phenol. Furthermore, the water content of cocoa skin does not affect the specific gravity. Analysis of chemical compound components using GC-MS was carried out on the liquid smoke of the best cocoa skin [10%] to produce fifty components of chemical compounds present in the moisture content of cocoa skin. Analysis of the wavelength of the liquid smoke carbonyl group of cacao skin with different moisture content using furrier transform infra-red [FT-IR]. The liquid smoke of cocoa skin with the treatment of ten percent cocoa peel moisture content from the pH observations fulfills the quality requirements set by Japanese standard wood vinegar.
Analysis of genetic diversity of Arabica coffee [Coffea arabica L.] in Solok Regency by SRAP molecular markers
Authors: Yunita R , Oktavioni M , Chaniago I , Syukriani L , Setiawan M A , Jamsari J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Coffee is one of the most widely grown plantation crops in Indonesia. There are two types of coffee plants that are most widely cultivated, namely Robusta and Arabica which are distributed in several provinces including West Sumatra. Solok Regency is one of the coffee production centers in West Sumatra. Information regarding the genetic diversity of Arabica coffee that scattered in several locations is still not available. Due to this fact, the genetic diversity of coffee can be identified by DNA analysis. The DNA-based molecular marker that can be applied as a genetic marker of plants is SRAP. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of coffee by the SRAP marker system. Fifteen samples consisted of five varieties of Andungsari, Sigararutang, Kartika, Gayo, Sinar Harapan were collected from three locations namely Air Dingin, Subarang Danau, Simpang Tanjung Nan IV and amplified using 8 selected primary combinations. Diversity analysis was performed by POPGENE and NTSYS. The results showed that the average value of genetic diversity [H] between samples ranged from 0.2812-0.3638, while Shannon’s Information index [I] ranged from 0.4330-0.5346. The average number of polymorphic loci ranged from 19 to 23 with the percentage of polymorphic loci are ranging from 82.61% to 100%. Cluster analysis shows that there are three main clusters [I, II, III] where cluster I can be separated into four nodes, cluster II into three nodes, cluster III into five nodes. The SRAP molecular marker is effectively used to analyze molecular genetic diversity in the Arabica coffee population.
Expression ChiPut-II gene from Serratia plymuthica UBCR_12
Authors: Meyuliana A , Suliansyah I , Jamsari J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Putative chitinase II gene [ChiPut-II] was isolated from rhizosphere bacteria strain UBCR_12 [NCBI accession number KX863673]. The ChiPut-II gene encodes chitinase enzyme which has the ability as a bio fungicide. Expression of the gene could be identified in the extracellular as well as in the intracellular of the host cell. The chitinolytic ability of the ChiPut-II enzyme effectively works on 3% colloidal chitin exhibiting specific activity up to 1.235 U/μg. The inhibition capacity of the ChiPut-II enzyme extracted from intracellular against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is 15.59%. It’s chitinolytic and inhibition activity indicated the bacteria to be developed as a bio fungicide.
Regeneration and protein profile analysis of callus transformant with geminivirus β-satellite fragment
Authors: Bagus F R M , Sihotang S , Nova B , Jamsari J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The β-satellite fragment is a single-strand DNA that has a size of 1.4 kb. This fragment plays role in pathogen-derived resistance [PDR]. The genetic transformation of the β-Satellite fragment carried out by the previous researcher is limited by the regeneration of transformant callus. Therefore, this research was aimed to find some factors affecting the regeneration of transformant and non-transformant calli. Furthermore, protein analysis was performed on both calli to identify any specific fragment differentiating both proteins. SDS-PAGE analysis showed 5 and 8 fragments from transformant and transformant respectively. One of the 5 fragments has a size of 13.32 kDa which was predicted as C1 protein. These results proved that the β-Satellite fragment has been successfully inserted and expressed in the transformant calli. Subsequent research is suggested to identify some differential fragments produced by both transformant and non-transformant.
In silico analysis of PepYLCV-βC1 protein interaction with pepper-SnRK1 for pathogenicity prediction
Authors: Nova B , Jamsari J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Pepper yellow leaf curl virus [PepYLCV] is a monopartite begomovirus that is usually associated with a beta satellite which encodes a pathogenicity protein [βC1] responsible for symptom appearance. A recent study revealed that plants overexpressing SnRK1 were delayed for symptom appearance and lower levels of satellite DNA. The current study provided the interaction of PepYLCV BC1 and Pepper SnRK1 protein by using computational approaches including homology modeling and protein-protein docking. The reliability of the 3D model was validated by using the Procheck server. Findings suggest that ubiquitin-associated [UBA] and auto-inhibitory sequence [AIS] domains of Pepper-SnRK1 are involved in the PepYLCV-βC1 interaction. Findings provide computational data support for domain-level interactions to predict the pathogenicity of new monopartite begomoviruses that lack known experimental data.
Stability assay of antagonistic activity of Serratia plymuthica strain UBCR_12 under various environmental factors
Authors: Runifah T , Sentia S , Aisyah S N , Jamsari J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Serratia plymuthica strain UBCR_12 exhibited promising antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The development of this strain for field use requires a certain level of stability towards various environmental exposures that might occur in the natural condition. This study was aimed to evaluate the stability level of antifungal activity produced by the culture supernatants of S. plymuthica strain UBCR_12 under several environmental factors. Antifungal assay of this strain was performed through the application of culture supernatants under several parameters and was performed in five technical replications. Data were confirmed statistically using one-way and two-way ANOVA and significance among treatments were verified through DNMRT with a p<0.05. The antagonistic effect of this strain varied in each environmental parameter tested. The highest suppression was recorded at pH 8.0 [30.32%] after eight days of application indicating that the alkaline condition might trigger its defense mechanism. Other parameters showed quite similar inhibition efficacy, such as 24.06% [100 C for 45 minutes] and 21.15% [CaCl2 addition]. Compared to control, this strain could suppress anthracnose-causing fungi up to 24.06% suggesting that its antifungal activity was considered as quite stable over the presence of heat and calcium.
The diversity of insects in West Sumatera’s local rice by planting refugia as an effort to conserve natural enemies
Authors: Nelly N , Hamid H , Yunisman Y , Pratama A S , Nawir W 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Refugia cultivation refers to a place provided for insects in flower plants, especially for habituating the natural enemies of pests. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of refugia plants on insect diversity during rice cultivation, using a survey method. This experiment was conducted in the Solok area of West Sumatra, in July-September 2019, followed by insect identification at the Insect Bioecology Laboratory of the Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University. Furthermore, the observations were made in the paddy fields within the early generative phase, and when the panicle has emerged on each sample plot, using insect nets. These samples were taken from places with only refugia plants, as well as rice fields with and without refugia. The results showed a variation in the number of orders, families, and individuals in all samples, which were 3, 6 and 9, respectively for refugia plants, 6, 9 and 133, respectively on the edges of paddy fields with refugia plants, then 4, 7 and 213, were recorded in the areas without refugia. Besides, the highest insect diversity index value was identified in the rice plants with refugia at the edges of the fields [1.87]. At the same time, 1.39 was reported in its absence and 1.58 in areas with the refugia plant itself. Conversely, the dominance index values recorded were 0.20 and 0.58 for rice with, and without refugia, and 0 was reported in the area with refugia alone. Therefore, it is possibly concluded that refugia plants possess the capacity to influence insect diversity and dominance. This necessitates the conduction of further observations in the aspect of functions, as well as the ability to control rice pests.
The potential use of volcanic deposits for geopolymer materials
Authors: Ilham D J , Kautsar F R , Januarti J , Anggarini U , Fiantis D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Volcanic deposits are abundant in the vicinity of an active and inactive volcano. They are produced from the cooling of magma during explosive volcanic eruptions. They have varying physical properties and can range in size from sub-millimetric ash up to boulder size. As Indonesia is considered as an active volcanic region, volcanic materials are abundant but they are still unexploited to full capacity such as geopolymer raw material. Geopolymers are generally understood as alkali-activated aluminosilicates. They may be considered as an inorganic two-component system which consists of: [1] a reactive solid source of SiO2 and Al2O3, and [2] an alkaline activation solution. The aim of the research is to identify the chemical and mineralogical properties of Merapi and Mt. Sinabung volcanic ashes as the raw material of geopolymers. Results showed that Mt. Merapi contained amorphous volcanic glass and crystalline [feldspar] minerals with 61.13% SiO2; 17.78% Al2O3; 3.47% Fe2O3; 6.22% CaO. Mount Sinabung deposit contains amorphous volcanic glass also and crystalline [feldspar] minerals with an oxide content of 49.33% SiO2; 15.93% Al2O3; 6.48% Fe2O3; 5.87% CaO. The high content of silica and alumina in this material showed that it was pozzolan material which can be synthesized to geopolymers. The molar ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 was high, Merapi is 5.84 and Sinabung is 5.26.
Analysis of export performance and export competitiveness trade of crude palm oil [CPO] industry in Indonesia with RSPO in India and United States markets
Authors: Ali H , Karimi S , Febriamansyah R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The implementation of the RSPO [Roundtable on sustainable palm oil] has been implemented since 2012 in the United States market, but the Indian market has not. This study aims to describe and compare the export performance and export competitiveness of Indonesia’s CPO [crude palm oil] trade in both markets. Comparison is done descriptively and the analysis of compare means independent samples t-test and paired samples test. The description of export performance measured by trade flow [value and quantity] shows the trade value of Indonesia’s CPO trade in the Indian market of USD 70,885.52 thousand with an average of USD 388,000.06 thousand in the 1996-2017 period. Whereas in the USA market it was 8,536,001 thousand USD with an average of USD 388,000.06 thousand. Export competitiveness with the RCA index in the USA market is higher than the Indian market, amounting to 26.50% and 19.24%. The results of comparing means independent samples t-test against trade value and quantity have a significant difference between Indonesia’s CPO exports in the Indian market and the USA market. However, Indonesian’s CPO export competitiveness with the RCA index does not have a significant difference in the Indian and USA markets. The results of the compare mean paired samples test before the RSPO 2006-2011 period and after the RSPO 2012-2017 period, found that the trade value of Indonesia’s CPO exports before and after the RSPO was not significant. While the trade quantity and RCA of Indonesian CPO exports there are significant differences in the Indian and US markets.
Farmer perceptions of microsystem salt production in Bluka Teubai village, Dewantara Subdistrict, North Aceh Regency
Authors: Zahara H , Shamadiyah N , Maida E , Suryadi S , Harianti W S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Salt is very important for the people as food ingredients and industrial raw materials, therefore salt becomes a very strategic commodity. Salt in Indonesia is still produced by traditional systems. Agricultural extension agencies began to improve the technology of salt production using a microsystem to increase salt production. These systems generate salt through the evaporation of seawater. The process of aging the water that previously took 2 weeks [14 days] could be shortened. This research was conducted in the village of Bluka Teubai, Dewantara District, North Aceh Regency. This study aimed to determine farmers’ perceptions of microsystem salt-making technology. The data was analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis with a Likert scale analysis. The results of the study indicate that relative superiority has an index value of 78.80%, conformity of 79.98%, ability to be tested as large as 71.19%, ability to be observed is equal to 77.53%, microsystem making technology for 83.60%, salt marketing for 70.92%, and program mechanism as big as 68.56%.
The role of community local wisdom for nagari development in Sijunjung District, West Sumatera
Authors: Nefilinda N , Ahmad F , Mukhtar B , Irianto A , Jamsari J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to uncover and analyze the role of local wisdom of the community for development in Nagari Paru, Sijunjung Regency, West Sumatra. This study used a quantitative and qualitative method to figure out the role of Rimbo Larangan as one of the local wisdom applied in the community. The results of this study indicate that: the existence of the local wisdom of the community in the form of the Rimbo Larangan originated from forest destruction that occurred several years ago so that it has an impact on people’s lives. The community in Nagari Paru has a perspective that the environment needs to be treated properly so that it can produce benefits in the form of improving health, happiness and increasing nagari development. The community is accustomed to managing the environment, because there is a recommendation from the Niniak Mamak, and it must be improved because it is important to their life. Since people in Nagari Paru are generally farmer, who need water every day for their fields and life, so the availability of water become their main concern. Although maintaining the Rimbo Larangan in Nagari Paru is still an agreement but it is effective enough to bind the community not to cut wood in the jungle, meaning that the community is accustomed to maintaining the jungle for life. Quantitative analysis showed a significant role of the local wisdom particularly in the nagari development as confirmed by the regression equation.