bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unreliable accounts: How regulators fabricate conceptual narratives to diffuse criticism – A response to Karthik Ramanna
Authors: Haslam Colin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Karthik Ramanna’s article titled “unreliable accounts: How regulators fabricate conceptual narratives to diffuse criticism” provides a critical insight into how Fair Value Accounting (FVA) was incorporated into the conceptual framework for general purpose financial reporting. Karthik reveals that the installation of FVA into the FASBs constitution can be understood through a framework: conceptual veiling. In this framework, the FASB is captured within the logics of financial market economics, assuming investors and capital market actors are best served by financial disclosures that reflect market valuations. Captured by these interests, the FASB needed to modify the narratives contained in the conceptual framework removing reliability and substituting faithful representation because much of what constitutes FVA disclosures are estimates and judgements of questionable reliability. A more forceful critical evaluation of the re-orientation of accounting practise from Historical Cost Accounting to FVA might have located changes in the context of the financialized company.
Existence and uniqueness of solutions for coupled systems of Liouville-Caputo type fractional integrodifferential equations with Erdélyi-Kober integral conditions
Authors: Subramanian Muthaiah , Zada Akbar 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we examine a coupled system of fractional integrodifferential equations of Liouville-Caputo form with nonlinearities depending on the unknown functions, as well as their lower-order fractional derivatives and integrals supplemented with coupled nonlocal and Erdélyi-Kober fractional integral boundary conditions. We explain that the topic discussed in this context is new and gives more analysis into the research of coupled boundary value problems. We have two results: the first is the existence result of the given problem by using the Leray-Schauder alternative, whereas the second referring to the uniqueness result is derived by Banach’s fixed-point theorem. Sufficient examples were also supplemented to substantiate the proof, and some variations of the problem were discussed.
Hate online: The creation of the “Other”
Authors: Wekesa Maloba 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSocial media has redefined the thinking around the capacity and intensity of interaction among individuals and groups of people across national and international borders. Messages on social media are instantaneous, unhinged to interpretation and inherently dialogic. Through app designs that encourage near addiction to use in various platforms, it is becoming more probable that public debates and social protests start, are fanned and may even be resolved online in these platforms. Many state actors including politicians, religious leaders and social commentators have exploited social media to drive their agenda; personal or otherwise. The anonymity and direct accessibility granted by social media to these actors have given them a brazen green light to promote hate online and a platform for divisive and anarchist agenda. In this paper, I explore the dynamics of hate in social media; how the “Other” is created and used as the target for hate online using the case of electioneering in Kenya. I will attempt to provide a structure profile of social media communication in Kenya during the electioneering period while correlating this to the functional features that facilitated hate on social media. I will deconstruct how the “Other” is created by examining discourse arguments and the underlying subjective benefits in the creation of the “Other”. I will then show how anonymity and publicity interact to promote the process of hate online. This paper employs a phenomenological approach, first propounded by Edmund Husserl, to illustrate how misinformation creates the “Other” and to profile how hate that is spread online is a by-product of this misinformation. The research validity in this paper is premised on the currency of social media as a new dynamic in communication requiring rigorous academic inquiry.
Schattenfiguren, Spektren, Gespenster als leuchtende Verheißung. Simon Kronbergs Sonderstellung in der deutschen Literatur des Expressionismus
Authors: Schönsee Dorothea Rebecca 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Der Artikel untersucht den originären Beitrag Simon Kronbergs zur deutschen Literatur des Expressionismus. Der zu den „vergessenen und verkannten Autoren der expressionistischen Generation” (Lützeler) gehörende Kronberg ist bis heute kaum untersucht. Als Sohn jüdisch-galizischer Zuwanderer 1891 in Wien geboren, studiert er 1913 bei Emile Jacques-Dalcroze, dessen Licht- und Bewegungschoreographien ihn nachhaltig prägen. Weitere Stationen sind Düsseldorf bei dem Schauspieler-Paar Lindemann/Dumont, München und Berlin. 1934 emigriert er nach Palästina, wo er 1947 stirbt. Seine Texte entwerfen eine Sprache, deren sinnstiftende Bilder von seiner biographischen Erfahrung geprägt sind und jüdische Mystik, Tanz und Rhythmus auf spezifische Weise integrieren. Im Zentrum steht Kronbergs Konzeption des Schattens als einer Möglichkeit der Wandlung des Menschen in einer Welt der Rationalität und der Entkopplung des täglichen Lebens von Körper und Sinnlichkeit hin zu einer Erfahrung des Lichts. Am Beispiel seiner Erzählung “Chamlam” zeigt der Beitrag, dass seine Schattenfiguren in einem beachtenswerten Spannungsverhältnis zum Diskurs der Gespenster im Expressionismus stehen.
Broadband enhancement of second-harmonic generation at the domain walls of magnetic topological insulators
Authors: Rakhmanova Gulnaz , Iorsh Ivan V. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We show that the second-harmonic generation (SHG) is enhanced in the chiral one-dimensional electron currents in a broad frequency range. The origin of the enhancement is twofold: first, the linear dispersion of the quasiparticles and the associated plasmonic mode as well as the quasi-linear dispersion of plasmon-polariton result in the lift of the phase-matching condition. Moreover, the strong field localization leads to the further increase of the SHG in the structure. The results suggest that the chiral currents localized at the domain walls of magnetic topological insulators can be an efficient source of the second-harmonic signal in the terahertz frequency range.
Preliminary results on the ovarian histology of rabbitfish Siganus rivulatus (Forsskal, 1775) in the southern Aegean Sea, Turkey
Authors: Engin Serhat , Soykan Ozan , Cerim Hasan , Gülşahin Anıl 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The study aimed to determine the annual reproductive cycle of Siganus rivulatusfi females based on monthly variation of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and histological changes in gonads. A total of 240 fish samples were collected monthly from small-scale (trammel nets) and recreational (angling and pot fishery) fishing from Gökova Bay, the southern Aegean Sea, between July 2017 and June 2018. The length and weight of female fish varied from 10.8 to 26.1 cm with a mean length of 18.7 ± 0.2 cm and from 14.98 to 293.42 g with a mean weight of 91.1 ± 2.93 g. GSI values began to increase in May, peaked in June and gradually decreased in July, indicating that the spawning season was early summer. A total of 240 gonads were histologically examined. Granular, pinkish structure of eggs was observed primarily between April and June, which was consistent with the increase in the gonadosomatic index. Post-spawning follicles were determined in July. Values of the gonadosomatic index gradually decreased after August and they were minimal between September and November. During this period, ovaries were surrounded by immature oocytes at the chromatin and peri-nucleolus stages. These results revealed thatSiganus rivulatusstarted vitellogenesis in April and the gonadosomatic index peaked in June.
Distribution of cyclopoid copepods in different subterranean habitats (southern Poland)
Authors: Kur Jarosław , Mioduchowska Monika , Kilikowska Adrianna 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The majority of Polish studies on freshwater cyclopoids focused on surface water fauna. There are relatively few data on copepods of subterranean waters. Thus, in our research, copepods were collected from 37 different, mostly groundwater-dependent habitats (i.e. caves, springs, wells, interstitial and overhead environments) over a period of five years between 2005 and 2010. A total of 22 species belonging to eight genera were found. Some species, previously not recorded or known only from a few sites in Poland, proved to be a frequent component of subterranean communities.
#Personal vs #Party: A comparative study of candidates’ new media campaigning in Japan and the United Kingdom
Authors: Vincent Sean 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper examines how new media is affecting candidate personal vote seeking behaviour, at the constituency level by comparing data from general elections in two countries with different styles of campaigning – party-centred campaigning in the United Kingdom (2015 & 2017) and candidate-centred campaigning Japan (2014 & 2017). By utilising both content analysis of candidates’ use of new media platforms and in-person interviews with candidates, this study gives a deep description of how individual candidates are using online campaigning and to what degree they are pursuing a personal, rather than party vote. This study confirms that that Japanese candidates use new media to run more candidate centred campaigns, replicating traditional campaign styles, but also finds that other factors, namely candidates’ levels of experience and the strength of the national party, play a role in how candidates utilise new media. Now more so than ever, candidates are relying on personal image promotion as a major element of their campaigns.
Ionic liquids: green solvents and reactive compounds? Reaction of tri-n-butylmethylphosphonium dimethylphosphate with elemental sulfur
Authors: Tarasova Natalia , Krivoborodov Efrem , Zanin Alexey , Mezhuev Yaroslav 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The opening of the S8 ring with the formation of linear sulfur oligomers in the presence of tri-n-butylmethylphosphonium dimethylphosphate is shown. The reaction products are separated and characterized with 1H, 13C, 31P, 17O NMR spectroscopy, HD-MS, MALDI spectroscopy and XRD. It is shown that dimethylphosphate-anion is active in the reaction, and the addition of sulfur atoms occurs via the oxygen atom of dimethylphosphate-anion. It is found that a mixture of products is formed, which differ in the number of sulfur atoms in the chain. The assumptions were made about the mechanism of interaction of sulfur with tri-n-butylmethylphosphonium dimethylphosphate.
Curcumin nanonization using an alternative small-scale production unit: selection of proper stabilizer applying basic physicochemical consideration and biological activity assessment of nanocrystals
Authors: Nikolić Ines , Antić-Stanković Jelena , Božić Dragana , Randjelovic Danijela , Marković Bojan , Lunter Dominique Jasmin , Kremenović Aleksandar , Savić Miroslav , Savić Snežena 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAs the number of poorly soluble drugs is increasing, nanocrystals have become very interesting due to wide range of application possibilities. Curcuminwas used as a model active ingredient in this work. Even though it has many proven positive effects, due to its physicochemical issues, its possibilities have not been fully exploited. The goal of this work was to select optimal conditions for a top-down method for curcumin nanosuspension production, and to perform their comprehensive characterization applying complementary methodologies: dynamic light scattering, polarization and atomic force microscopy, thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, antioxidant activity evaluation, release kinetics assessment, and screening of potential biological effects applying cell viability assays on normal human lung fibroblasts, human melanoma and human adenomacarcinoma cells. After 30 min of milling, nanosuspensions stabilized by polysorbate 80 and by its combinations with sucrose palmitate showed good stability, while curcumin crystal structure was unaltered. Obtained nanocrystals were well defined, with average diameter 120–170 nm and PDI of about 0.25, zeta potential was below −30 mV and pH~5 for all formulations. Nanodispersions exhibited high antioxidant potential and improved dissolution rate compared to the corresponding coarse dispersions. Although curcumin nanodispersions exhibited significant antiproliferative effect to each cancer cell line, the highest effect was towards adenocarcinoma cells.
The Gigantocellular Reticular Nucleus Plays a Significant Role in Locomotor Recovery after Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Engmann Anne K. , Bizzozzero Flavio , Schneider Marc P. , Pfyffer Dario , Imobersteg Stefan , Schneider Regula , Hofer Anna-Sophie , Wieckhorst Martin , Schwab Martin E. 
Published: September 2020

Traditionally, the brainstem has been seen as hardwired and poorly capable of plastic adaptations following spinal cord injury (SCI). Data acquired over the past decades, however, suggest differently: following SCI in various animal models (lamprey, chick, rodents, nonhuman primates), different forms of spontaneous anatomic plasticity of reticulospinal projections, many of them originating from the gigantocellular reticular nucleus (NRG), have been observed. In line with these anatomic observations, animals and humans with incomplete SCI often show various degrees of spontaneous motor recovery of hindlimb/leg function. Here, we investigated the functional relevance of two different modes of reticulospinal fiber growth after cervical hemisection, local rewiring of axotomized projections at the lesion site versus compensatory outgrowth of spared axons, using projection-specific, adeno-associated virus-mediated chemogenetic neuronal silencing. Detailed assessment of joint movements and limb kinetics during overground locomotion in female adult rats showed that locally rewired as well as compensatory NRG fibers were responsible for different aspects of recovered forelimb and hindlimb functions (i.e., stability, strength, coordination, speed, or timing). During walking and swimming, both locally rewired as well as compensatory NRG plasticity were crucial for recovered function, while the contribution of locally rewired NRG plasticity to wading performance was limited. Our data demonstrate comprehensively that locally rewired as well as compensatory plasticity of reticulospinal axons functionally contribute to the observed spontaneous improvement of stepping performance after incomplete SCI and are at least partially causative to the observed recovery of function, which can also be observed in human patients with spinal hemisection lesions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFollowing unilateral hemisection of the spinal cord, reticulospinal projections are destroyed on the injured side, resulting in impaired locomotion. Over time, a high degree of recovery can be observed in lesioned animals, like in human hemicord patients. In the rat, recovery is accompanied by pronounced spontaneous plasticity of axotomized and spared reticulospinal axons. We demonstrate the causative relevance of locally rewired as well as compensatory reticulospinal plasticity for the recovery of locomotor functions following spinal hemisection, using chemogenetic tools to selectively silence newly formed connections in behaviorally recovered animals. Moving from a correlative to a causative understanding of the role of neuroanatomical plasticity for functional recovery is fundamental for successful translation of treatment approaches from experimental studies to the clinics.
It Is All in the Right Amygdala: Increased Synaptic Plasticity and Perineuronal Nets in Male, But Not Female, Juvenile Rat Pups after Exposure to Early-Life Stress
Authors: Guadagno Angela , Verlezza Silvanna , Long Hong , Wong Tak Pan , Walker Claire-Dominique 
Published: September 2020

Early-life stress (ELS) is associated with increased vulnerability to mental disorders. The basolateral amygdala (BLA) plays a critical role in fear conditioning and is extremely sensitive to ELS. Using a naturalistic rodent model of ELS, the limited bedding paradigm (LB) between postnatal days 1-10, we previously documented that LB male, but not female preweaning rat pups display increased BLA neuron spine density paralleled with enhanced evoked synaptic responses and altered BLA functional connectivity. Since ELS effects are often sexually dimorphic and amygdala processes exhibit hemispheric asymmetry, we investigated changes in synaptic plasticity and neuronal excitability of BLA neuronsin vitroin the left and right amygdala of postnatal days 22-28 male and female offspring from normal bedding or LB mothers. We report that LB conditions enhanced synaptic plasticity in the right, but not the left BLA of males exclusively. LB males also showed increased perineuronal net density, particularly around parvalbumin (PV) cells, and impaired fear-induced activity of PV interneurons only in the right BLA. Action potentials fired from right BLA neurons of LB females displayed slower maximal depolarization rates and decreased amplitudes compared with normal bedding females, concomitant with reduced NMDAR GluN1 subunit expression in the right BLA. In LB males, reduced GluA2 expression in the right BLA might contribute to the enhanced LTP. These findings suggest that LB differentially programs synaptic plasticity and PV/perineuronal net development in the left and right BLA. Furthermore, our study demonstrates that the effects of ELS exposure on BLA synaptic function are sexually dimorphic and possibly recruiting different mechanisms.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTEarly-life stress (ELS) induces long-lasting consequences on stress responses and emotional regulation in humans, increasing vulnerability to the development of psychopathologies. The effects of ELS in a number of brain regions, including the amygdala, are often sexually dimorphic, and have been reproduced using the rodent limited bedding paradigm of early adversity. The present study examines sex differences in synaptic plasticity and cellular activation occurring in the developing left and right amygdala after limited bedding exposure, a phenomenon that could shape long-term emotional behavioral outcomes. Studying how ELS selectively produces effects in one amygdala hemisphere during a critical period of brain development could guide further investigation into sex-dependent mechanisms and allow for more targeted and improved treatment of stress-and emotionality-related disorders.
ENDÜSTRİ 4.0 TEKNOLOJİK OLGUNLUK DÜZEYİNİN ANALİTİK HİYERARŞİ PROSESİ İLE MODELLENMESİ: GIDA VE İÇECEK İMALAT SEKTÖRÜ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: SARI Tuğba 
Published: September 2020

Endüstri 4.0 dönüşümü, bileşenlerini oluşturan temel teknolojiler ile imalat sanayine, mevcut operasyonları ve süreçleri kökten değiştirecek yenilikler getirmektedir. Gıda ve içecek imalat sektöründe beklenen başlıca değişimler, artan verimlilik; artan gıda güvenliği; yüksek gıda kalitesi ve azalan atık miktarı olarak sıralanabilir. İşletmelerin Endüstri 4.0’dan elde edeceği faydayı maksimuma çıkarmak için, uygulamaların ölçülebilir ve karşılaştırılabilir olması gerekir. Endüstri 4.0 olgunluk modelleri dönüşüm sürecinde standartlaştırma ve karşılaştırma için önemli göstergeler sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada temel Endüstri 4.0 teknolojilerinin kullanımını Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi yöntemi ile değerlendiren, sektöre özel bir olgunluk modeli önerilmektedir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre gıda ve içecek imalat sektörü için en önemli teknolojiler Otonom Robotlar ve Siber Güvenlik olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu iki teknolojiyi, sırasıyla Büyük Veri Analitiği ve Eklemeli İmalat Sistemleri takip etmektedir. Çalışmada bir Endüstri 4.0 olgunluk ölçeği sunulmuş olup, örnek uygulama ile gıda imalatçısı bir işletmenin bu ölçek üzerinden Endüstri 4.0 olgunluğu hesaplanmıştır.
Challenges in the management of chronic hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Zavatta Guido , Clarke Bart L 
Published: September 2020

The first adjunctive hormone therapy for chronic hypoparathyroidism, recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1–84) (rhPTH(1–84)) was approved by the FDA in January 2015. Since the approval of rhPTH(1–84), growing interest has developed in other agents to treat this disorder in both the scientific community and among pharmaceutical companies. For several reasons, conventional therapy with calcium and activated vitamin D supplementation, magnesium supplementation as needed, and occasionally thiazide-type diuretic therapy remains the mainstay of treatment, while endocrinologists and patients are constantly challenged by limitations of conventional treatment. Serum calcium fluctuations, increased urinary calcium, hyperphosphatemia, and a constellation of symptoms that limit mental and physical functioning are frequently associated with conventional therapy. Understanding how conventional treatment and hormone therapy work in terms of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is key to effectively managing chronic hypoparathyroidism. Multiple questions remain regarding the effectiveness of PTH adjunctive therapy in preventing or slowing the onset and progression of the classical complications of hypoparathyroidism, such as chronic kidney disease, calcium-containing kidney stones, cataracts, or basal ganglia calcification. Several studies point toward an improvement in the quality of life during replacement therapy. This review will discuss current clinical and research challenges posed by treatment of chronic hypoparathyroidism.

Key points:

Conventional therapy with calcium and activated forms of vitamin D are currently the mainstays of treatment for most patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism.

Hormone therapy can be administered through FDA-approved once-daily rhPTH(1–84), or off-label multiple-daily injections of teriparatide. The former is the only FDA-approved drug, with safety and efficacy supported by a randomized placebo-controlled trial and open-label long-term extension trial data.

Twice-daily teriparatide has been used in children safely for up to 10 years.
New pharmacological options that replace the deficient hormone wi
ll likely be available within the next few years.
The Conserved ASCL1/MASH-1 Ortholog HLH-3 Specifies Sex-Specific Ventral Cord Motor Neuron Fate inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Perez Lillian M , Alfonso Aixa 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNeural specification is regulated by one or many transcription factors that control expression of effector genes that mediate function and determine neuronal type. Here we identify a novel role for one conserved proneural factor, the bHLH protein HLH-3, implicated in the specification of sex-specific ventral cord motor neurons in C. elegans. Proneural genes act in early stages of neurogenesis in early progenitors, but here, we demonstrate a later role for hlh-3. First, we document that differentiation of the ventral cord type C motor neuron class (VC) within their neuron class, is dynamic in time and space. Expression of VC class-specific and subclass-specific identity genes is distinct through development and is dependent on the VC position along the A-P axis and their proximity to the vulva. Our characterization of the expression of VC class and VC subclass-specific differentiation markers in the absence of hlh-3 function reveals that VC fate specification, differentiation, and morphology requires hlh-3 function. Finally, we conclude that hlh-3 cell-autonomously specifies VC cell fate.