bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An open‐label, randomised controlled trial on the effectiveness of the Orve + wrap®versus Forced Air Warming in restoring normothermia in the postanaesthetic care unit
Authors: Smith Neil , Abernethy Caroline , Allgar Victoria , Foster Louise , Martinson Victoria , Stones Elizabeth 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo determine the clinical effectiveness and safety of the Orve + wrap® thermal blanket.BackgroundInadvertent perioperative hypothermia is a common problem in postanaesthetic care units and can have significant effects on patients’ postoperative morbidity. Despite its commercial availability, there is no clinical evidence on the effectiveness of Orve + wrap®.DesignA single centre prospective, open‐label, noninferiority randomised controlled trial.MethodsPostoperative hypothermic (35.0–35.9°C) patients who had undergone elective surgery were randomised to receive either Orve + wrap® or Forced Air Warming during their PACU stay. Patient temperatures were recorded every 10 min using zero‐heat‐flux thermometry. This study is reported using CONSORT Extension checklist for noninferiority and equivalence trials.ResultsBetween December 2016–October 2018, 129 patients were randomised to receive either Orve + wrap® blanket (n = 65, 50.3%) or Forced Air Warming (n = 64, 49.7%). The mean 60‐min postoperative temperature of patients receiving Orve + wrap® blanket was 36.2 and 36.3°C for the patients receiving Forced Air Warming. The predefined noninferiority margin of a mean difference in temperature of 0.3°C was not reached between the groups at 60 min. Additionally, there were no statistical differences between adverse event rates across these groups.ConclusionsIn the context of this study, warming patients with the Orve + wrap® was noninferior to Forced Air Warming. There were comparable rates of associated postoperative consequences of warming (shivering, hypotension, arrhythmias or surgical site infections),between the groups.Relevance to clinical practiceThe Orve + wrap® potentially provides an alternative warming method to Forced Air Warming for patients requiring short‐term postoperative warming. However, there are still a number of unknowns regarding the Orve + wrap® performance and further exploration is required.
Perceptions of interdisciplinary rounding practices
Authors: Beaird Genevieve , Baernholdt Marianne , White Kenneth R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore practitioner perspectives on the facilitators, barriers and outcomes associated with interdisciplinary rounding practices (IDR).BackgroundInterdisciplinary rounding practices is frequently used intervention to promote collaboration and patient‐centred care in hospital units. Previous research supports that having IDR in place can lead to greater perceptions of collaboration and practitioner satisfaction; however, the practice does not always lead to better outcomes for patients. For IDR to be successful, unit leadership needs a greater understanding of facilitators and barriers as perceived by team members. At both the individual and organisational levels, there is limited understanding on what influences the success of IDR. This study seeks to explore factors influencing interdisciplinary rounding and perceived outcomes by team members.DesignA quasi‐qualitative design was used to address the aim of this study. Four open‐ended questions were emailed to practitioners across fifteen units in two academic health centres. All units identified as having IDR in place.MethodsA directed content analysis of practitioner responses was used to identify key themes. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist was consulted for reporting of the results.ResultsA total of 141 practitioners responded to the open‐ended questions. Three themes emerged from the data: (a) setting the stage; (b) the work of the team; and 3) benefits to patient care.ConclusionsThe study provides a nuanced perspective of facilitators, barriers and potential outcomes associated with IDR. Future research is needed to gain additional perspective on the role the organisation plays in promoting a healthy workplace environment as well as providing patient‐centred care.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study provides insight into facilitators and barriers to conducting interdisciplinary rounding practices in the inpatient setting. Results can be useful to unit leaders and staff that advocate for more collaborative and patient‐centred rounding practices.
Team efficacy and leadership in managing aggressive situations in the general hospital setting: A qualitative descriptive analysis of focus groups with ward managers
Authors: Heckemann Birgit , Siegrist‐Dreier Sandra , Thilo Friederike J.S. , Hahn Sabine 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore the perception and issues regarding the ability of nursing teams to manage patient and visitor aggression in clinical practice, from ward managers’ perspectives.BackgroundPatient and visitor aggression causes substantial human suffering and financial damage in healthcare organisations. Nurse managers are key persons for developing their teams’ efficacy in dealing with patient and visitor aggression. However, their perception of patient and visitor aggression in clinical practice has rarely been explored, and issues relating to team management in this context are underinvestigated.DesignA secondary, qualitative thematic analysis of focus group interviews.MethodsFive focus groups consisting of a total of 30 ward and deputy ward managers from five Swiss hospitals were interviewed with audio recording between December 2015–January 2016. Since the recordings were rich in additional content exceeding the primary research question, a secondary analysis was conducted to answer the questions: (1) Which factors influence team efficacy in regard to patient and visitor aggression? (2) What are the implications for nurse leadership? The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research was followed in the conduct and reporting of this study.ResultsThree themes emerged from our analysis: (a) contextual factors (organisational safety culture and collaboration), (b) influences from within the team (team culture, nursing aggression and general management principles) and (c) implications for nurse leadership.ConclusionsManaging patient and visitor aggression is a challenge for nurse managers. A team's ability to prevent, de‐escalate and debrief after PVA incidents is an important leadership task in which ward managers are neither supported in nor trained for within their organisations.Relevance to clinical practiceNurse managers in general hospitals require more support to enable their teams to cope effectively with patient and visitor aggression. Policy and guideline implementation need to be prioritised.
Assessing the impacts of an interdisciplinary programme supporting father involvement on professionals’ practices with fathers: A qualitative study
Authors: de Montigny Francine , Gervais Christine , Larivière‐Bastien Danaë , Dubeau Diane 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesThe study aimed to assess the impacts of the Father‐Friendly Initiative within Families (FFIF) programme, an interdisciplinary programme supporting father involvement, on health professionals’ practices with fathers.BackgroundIt is increasingly recognised that father involvement benefits children's cognitive and social development and contributes to both parents’ well‐being. Recent research has shown health professionals’ support to be a protective factor in father involvement. Research results were translated into practice through the implementation of a programme, the FFIF, aimed at empowering health professionals to support father involvement.DesignThe study employed a qualitative impact assessment approach based on semi‐structured interviews with 36 health professionals to assess the impacts of the FFIF on professionals’ practices with fathers.MethodsA total of 36 health professionals were interviewed (13 nurses, 10 social workers, six community workers, three educators, two psychoeducators, one health manager, and one special education teacher). Interviews were transcribed, and a qualitative thematic analysis was carried out. This study is presented in line with COREQ’s checklist.ResultsImpacts of the FFIF on health professionals were seen in changes on three fronts: (a1) their beliefs; (b) their conception of their role; and (c) their interventions. These changes related to three themes: (a) difficulties experienced by fathers; (b) importance of father involvement; and (c) differences between fathers and mothers. The professionals, having realised the importance of their own role in improving the services offered to fathers, made concrete changes in their interventions, such as reaching out to fathers more effectively, encouraging their participation and treating them fairly and equitably.ConclusionsAfter attending this interdisciplinary programme supporting father involvement, participating professionals adopted father‐friendly beliefs, redefined their conception of their role and modified their interventions.Relevance to clinical practiceTo provide family‐centred care, nurses and other health professionals need to adopt father‐inclusive practices.
Evaluation of a telehealth solution developed to improve follow‐up after kidney Transplantation
Authors: Nielsen Charlotte , Agerskov Hanne , Bistrup Claus , Clemensen Jane 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimTo explore patients’ and healthcare professionals’ experiences of using a telehealth solution developed to improve follow‐up after kidney transplantation.BackgroundTransplantation is the treatment of choice whenever feasible for patients with end‐stage kidney disease. However, it implies lifelong adherence of self‐monitoring, medicine and other restrictions to ensure successful outcomes. Based on user involvement, a telehealth solution was developed to support patients and healthcare professionals post‐transplantation.DesignAn explorative qualitative study with a phenomenological‐hermeneutic approach.MethodsThe developed app and workflow for follow‐up were tested by patients and healthcare professionals and evaluated with interviews. In total, 16 patients and 20 healthcare professionals participated. Individual interviews were conducted with the patients, four nurses participated in two sets of interviews, and 16 doctors participated in a focus group. Data were analysed with inspiration from Ricoeur's theory of interpretation, on three levels: Naïve reading, structural analysis and critical interpretation and discussion. The COREQ checklist was applied in reporting the study.ResultsThree themes emerged: Challenging conditions for training sessions, telehealth improves patient reflection and collaboration, and telehealth gives patients a voice in consultations. In a challenging time, post‐transplantation patients found the app easy to use; it facilitated support and reflection on how to manage. It also supported both patients and healthcare professionals at follow‐up consultations in terms of enhanced preparation, improved dialogue and enabling consultations by phone.ConclusionThe study showed that patients and healthcare professionals found the app and workflow valuable and easy to use. The Patient Data feature in the app has potential as a communication tool. However, adjustments and further investigations are needed to develop the solution.Relevance to clinical practiceThe potential of telehealth brings new opportunities to provide treatment and care to newly transplanted patients. Telehealth can support both patients and health professionals by improving dialogue and collaboration.
Left ventricular inhibition during cardiac resynchronization caused by sensed left‐sided ventricular premature complexes
Authors: Barold S. Serge , Kucher Andreas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA recently published case documented left ventricular (LV) inhibition of a Boston Scientific device by a premature complex (VPC) that was undetected by the right ventricular channel. We have observed a similar response in two patients with a BIOTRONIK cardiac resynchronization device also designed with LV sensing. A spurious response simulating that of the two true cases was also observed in a third patient with a defective LV lead which created isolated false signals. The responses of the BIOTRONIK devices were identical to that of the previously reported findings with the Boston Scientific device. The observations provide insight into the timing function of cardiac resynchronization devices designed with LV sensing.
Genome‐wide association study reveals new genes involved in leaf trichome formation in polyploid oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)
Authors: Xuan Lijie , Yan Tao , Lu Lingzhi , Zhao Xinze , Wu Dezhi , Hua Shuijin , Jiang Lixi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLeaf trichomes protect against various biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. However, there is little knowledge about this trait in oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Here, we demonstrated that hairy leaves were less attractive to Plutella xylostella larvae than glabrous leaves. We established a core germplasm collection with 290 accessions for a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of the leaf trichome trait in oilseed rape. We compared the transcriptomes of the shoot apical meristem (SAM) between hairy‐ and glabrous‐leaf genotypes to narrow down the candidate genes identified by GWAS. The single nucleotide polymorphisms and the different transcript levels of BnaA.GL1.a, BnaC.SWEET4.a, BnaC.WAT1.a and BnaC.WAT1.b corresponded to the divergence of the hairy‐ and glabrous‐leaf phenotypes, indicating the role of sugar and/or auxin signalling in leaf trichome initiation. The hairy‐leaf SAMs had lower glucose and sucrose contents but higher expression of putative auxin responsive factors than the glabrous‐leaf SAMs. Spraying of exogenous auxin (8 μm) increased leaf trichome number in certain genotypes, whereas spraying of sucrose (1%) plus glucose (6%) slightly repressed leaf trichome initiation. These data contribute to the existing knowledge about the genetic control of leaf trichomes and would assist breeding towards the desired leaf surface type in oilseed rape.
Administrative Easing: Rule Reduction and Medicaid Enrollment
Authors: Fox Ashley M. , Stazyk Edmund C. , Feng Wenhui 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAdministrative burden is widely recognized as a barrier to program enrollment, denying legal entitlements to many potentially eligible individuals. Building on recent research in behavioral public administration, this article examines the effect of voluntary state reductions in administrative burden (administrative easing) on Medicaid enrollment rates using differential implementation of the Affordable Care Act. Using a novel data set that includes state‐level data on simplified enrollment and renewal procedures for Medicaid from 2008 to 2017, the authors examine how change in Medicaid enrollment is conditioned by the adoption of rule‐reduction procedures. Findings show that reductions in the administrative burden required to sign up for Medicaid were associated with increased enrollments. Real‐time eligibility and reductions in enrollment burden were particularly impactful at increasing enrollment for both children and adults separate from increases in Medicaid income eligibility thresholds. The results suggest that efforts to ease the cognitive burden of enrolling in entitlement programs can improve take‐up.
Pursuing Consilience: Using Behavioral Public Administration to Connect Research on Bureaucratic Red Tape, Administrative Burden, and Regulation
Authors: Carrigan Christopher , Pandey Sanjay K. , Van Ryzin Gregg G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBehavioral public administration (BPA) research aspires not only to draw on developments in behavioral science but also, importantly, to address central themes in public administration. By focusing a symposium on bureaucratic red tape, administrative burden, and regulation, we encouraged BPA scholarship to engage with fundamental public administration topics that are also relevant for the broader literature on organizations and management. Indeed, the symposium contributions demonstrate how BPA can better meld the behavioral science and public administration literatures. They expand on existing conceptions of BPA, with respect to both methodology and topical focus, and provide a basis for demarcating what might and might not be usefully described as BPA. The symposium contributions provide a blueprint for how BPA research might usefully evolve and the introduction offers a philosophical reflection on the future development of BPA and behavioral science.
Investigating the Effect of Prior Distributions on Posterior Estimates of Common Cause Failure Parameters Using Bayesian Method
Authors: Shitsi Edward , Boafo Emmanuel K. , Ameyaw Felix , Odoi H. C. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Quantification of common cause failure (CCF) parameters and their application in multi-unit PSA are important to the safety and operation of nuclear power plants (NPPs) on the same site. CCF quantification mainly involves the estimation of potential failure of redundant components of systems in a NPP. The components considered in quantification of CCF parameters include motor operated valves, pumps, safety relief valves, air-operated valves, solenoid-operated valves, check valves, diesel generators, batteries, inverters, battery chargers, and circuit breakers. This work presents the results of the CCF parameter quantification using check valves and pumps. The systems considered as case studies for the demonstration of the proposed methodology are auxiliary feedwater system (AFWS) and high-pressure safety injection (HPSI) systems of a pressurized water reactor (PWR). The posterior estimates of alpha factors assuming two different prior distributions (Uniform Dirichlet prior and Jeffreys prior) using the Bayesian method were investigated. This analysis is important due to the fact that prior distributions assumed for alpha factors may affect the shape of posterior distribution and the uncertainty of the mean posterior estimates. For the two different priors investigated in this study, the shape of the posterior distribution is not influenced by the type of prior selected for the analysis. The mean of the posterior distributions was also analyzed at 90% confidence level. These results show that the type of prior selected for Bayesian analysis could have effects on the uncertainty interval (or the confidence interval) of the mean of the posterior estimates. The longer the confidence interval, the better the type of prior selected at a particular confidence level for Bayesian analysis. These results also show that Jeffreys prior is preferred over Uniform Dirichlet prior for Bayesian analysis because it yields longer confidence intervals (or shorter uncertainty interval) at 90% confidence level discussed in this work.
Tracking Joint Angles During Whole-Arm Movements Using Electromagnetic Sensors
Authors: Clark Ryan , Dickinson Taylor , Loaiza Johnfredy , Geiger Daniel W. , Charles Steven K. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Electromagnetic (EM) motion tracking systems are suitable for many research and clinical applications, including in vivo measurements of whole-arm movements. Unfortunately, the methodology for in vivo measurements of whole-arm movements using EM sensors is not well described in the literature, making it difficult to perform new measurements and all but impossible to make meaningful comparisons between studies. The recommendations of the International Society of Biomechanics (ISB) have provided a great service, but by necessity they do not provide clear guidance or standardization on all required steps. The goal of this paper was to provide a comprehensive methodology for using EM sensors to measure whole-arm movements in vivo. We selected methodological details from past studies that were compatible with the ISB recommendations and suitable for measuring whole-arm movements using EM sensors, filling in gaps with recommendations from our own past experiments. The presented methodology includes recommendations for defining coordinate systems (CSs) and joint angles, placing sensors, performing sensor-to-body calibration, calculating rotation matrices from sensor data, and extracting unique joint angles from rotation matrices. We present this process, including all equations, for both the right and left upper limbs, models with nine or seven degrees-of-freedom (DOF), and two different calibration methods. Providing a detailed methodology for the entire process in one location promotes replicability of studies by allowing researchers to clearly define their experimental methods. It is hoped that this paper will simplify new investigations of whole-arm movement using EM sensors and facilitate comparison between studies.
Differential Evolution for the Optimization of DMSO-Free Cryoprotectants: Influence of Control Parameters
Authors: Pi Chia-Hsing , Dosa Peter I. , Hubel Allison 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study presents the influence of control parameters including population (NP) size, mutation factor (F), crossover (Cr), and four types of differential evolution (DE) algorithms including random, best, local-to-best, and local-to-best with self-adaptive (SA) modification for the purpose of optimizing the compositions of dimethylsufloxide (DMSO)-free cryoprotectants. Post-thaw recovery of Jurkat cells cryopreserved with two DMSO-free cryoprotectants at a cooling rate of 1 °C/min displayed a nonlinear, four-dimensional structure with multiple saddle nodes, which was a suitable training model to tune the control parameters and select the most appropriate type of differential evolution algorithm. Self-adaptive modification presented better performance in terms of optimization accuracy and sensitivity of mutation factor and crossover among the four different types of algorithms tested. Specifically, the classical type of differential evolution algorithm exhibited a wide acceptance to mutation factor and crossover. The optimization performance is more sensitive to mutation than crossover and the optimization accuracy is proportional to the population size. Increasing population size also reduces the sensitivity of the algorithm to the value of the mutation factor and crossover. The analysis of optimization accuracy and convergence speed suggests larger population size with F &gt; 0.7 and Cr &gt; 0.3 are well suited for use with cryopreservation optimization purposes. The tuned differential evolution algorithm is validated through finding global maximums of other two DMSO-free cryoprotectant formulation datasets. The results of these studies can be used to help more efficiently determine the optimal composition of multicomponent DMSO-free cryoprotectants in the future.
Stagnation Flow and Heat Transfer From a Finite Disk Situated Perpendicular to a Uniform Stream
Authors: aus der Wiesche Stefan , Helcig Christian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The stagnation flow and heat transfer from the blunt surface of a finite circular disk subjected to a uniform stream of an incompressible fluid is revisited in this paper. A laminar boundary layer analyses were carried out employing the method developed by Frössling. The involved auxiliary functions were calculated for several Prandtl numbers. It was found that the exact knowledge of the velocity at the outer edge of the boundary layer was essential to achieve an accurate velocity solution. In addition to the analytical work, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and a detailed experimental study were conducted including heat transfer measurements in a wind tunnel and a large water towing tank. The analytical treatment enabled a clear discussion of the effect of the Prandtl number on convective heat transfer from a blunt disk. A primary effect and a secondary effect were distinguished based on the analytical treatment. The boundary layer theory offered a rather efficient calculation method, and its results were in an excellent agreement with experimental data.