bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with false negative interferon-γ release assay results in patients with tuberculosis: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Yamasue Mari , Komiya Kosaku , Usagawa Yuko , Umeki Kenji , Nureki Shin-ichi , Ando Masaru , Hiramatsu Kazufumi , Nagai Hideaki , Kadota Jun-ichi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWhich factors are related to false negative results of the interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) is unclear. This systematic review described the risk factors associated with false negative IGRA results. Two authors independently identified studies designed to evaluate risk factors for false negative IGRA results from PubMed, the Cochrane Register of Control Trial database, and EMBASE, accessed on October 22, 2018. Meta-analyses were conducted with random-effect models, and heterogeneity was calculated with the I2 method. Of 1,377 titles and abstracts screened, 47 full texts were selected for review, and we finally included 17 studies in this systematic review. The most commonly studied risk factor (14 studies) was advanced age, followed by low peripheral lymphocyte counts (7 studies), and these factors were associated with false negative results even with different tuberculosis incidences (pooled odds ratio 2.06; 95% CI, 1.68–2.52 in advanced age and 2.68; 95% CI, 2.00–3.61 in low peripheral lymphocyte counts). Advanced age and low peripheral lymphocyte counts may be common risk factors for false negative IGRA results, suggesting that people with these factors need to be carefully followed, even if they have negative IGRA results.
Fine-scale species distribution modelling and genotyping by sequencing to examine hybridisation between two narrow endemic plant species
Authors: Ball J. W. , Robinson T. P. , Wardell-Johnson G. W. , Bovill J. , Byrne M. , Nevill P. G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHybridization has an important and often positive role in plant evolution. However, it can also have negative consequences for species. Two closely related species of Ornduffia are endemic to the Porongurup Range in the South West Australian Global Biodiversity Hotspot. The rare Ornduffia calthifolia is found exclusively on the summits, while O. marchantii is more widely dispersed across a greater range of elevation and is not considered threatened. Hybridisation in suitable overlapping habitat has been suspected between them for decades. Here we combine genotyping by sequencing to verify hybridisation genetically, and fine scale (2 m resolution) species distribution modelling (SDM) to test if hybrids occur in suitable intersecting habitat. From a study area of c. 4700 ha, SDM identified c. 275 ha and c. 322 ha of suitable habitat for O. calthifolia and O. marchantii, respectively. We identified range overlap between species of c. 59 ha), which enveloped 32 individuals confirmed to be hybrids. While the hybrids were at the margin of suitable habitat for O. marchantii, their preference for elevated habitat was closer to the more narrowly distributed O. calthifolia. The combination of genetic data and fine scale spatial modelling approaches enabled a better understanding of hybridisation among taxa of conservation significance. However, the level to which hybrid proliferation and competition for habitat presents as a threat to O. calthifolia is currently unknown and requires priority in conservation management given the threats from global warming and disturbance by tourism.
The Influence of Language Context on Repetitive Speech Use in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Gladfelter Allison , VanZuiden Cassidy 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
Although repetitive speech is a hallmark characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the contributing factors that influence repetitive speech use remain unknown. The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine if the language context impacts the amount and type of repetitive speech produced by children with ASD.

Method
As part of a broader word-learning study, 11 school-age children with ASD participated in two different language contexts: storytelling and play. Previously collected language samples were transcribed and coded for four types of repetitive speech: immediate echolalia, delayed echolalia, verbal stereotypy, and vocal stereotypy. The rates and proportions of repetitive speech were compared across the two language contexts using Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests. Individual characteristics were further explored using Spearman correlations.

Results
The children produced lower rates of repetitive speech during the storytelling context than the play-based context. Only immediate echolalia differed between the two contexts based on rate and approached significance based on proportion, with more immediate echolalia produced in the play-based context than in the storytelling context. There were no significant correlations between repetitive speech and measures of social responsiveness, expressive or receptive vocabulary, or nonverbal intelligence.

Conclusions
The children with ASD produced less immediate echolalia in the storytelling context than in the play-based context. Immediate echolalia use was not related to social skills, vocabulary, or nonverbal IQ scores. These findings offer valuable insights into better understanding repetitive speech use in children with ASD.
The Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX)
Authors: Krucker Säm , Hurford G. J. , Grimm O. , Kögl S. , Gröbelbauer H.-P , Etesi L. , Casadei D. , Csillaghy A. , Benz A. O. , Arnold N. G. , Molendini F. , Orleanski P. , Schori D. , Xiao H. , Kuhar M. , Hochmuth N. , Felix S. , Schramka F. , Marcin S. , Kobler S. , Iseli L. , Dreier M. , Wiehl H. J. , Kleint L. , Battaglia M. , Lastufka E. , Sathiapal H. , Lapadula K. , Bednarzik M. , Birrer G. , Stutz St. , Wild Ch. , Marone F. , Skup K. R. , Cichocki A. , Ber K. , Rutkowski K. , Bujwan W. , Juchnikowski G. , Winkler M. , Darmetko M. , Michalska M. , Seweryn K. , Białek A. , Osica P. , Sylwester J. , Kowalinski M. , Ścisłowski D. , Siarkowski M. , Stęślicki M. , Mrozek T. , Podgórski P. , Meuris A. , Limousin O. , Gevin O. , Le Mer I. , Brun S. , Strugarek A. , Vilmer N. , Musset S. , Maksimović M. , Fárník F. , Kozáček Z. , Kašparová J. , Mann G. , Önel H. , Warmuth A. , Rendtel J. , Anderson J. , Bauer S. , Dionies F. , Paschke J. , Plüschke D. , Woche M. , Schuller F. , Veronig A. M. , Dickson E. C. M. , Gallagher P. T. , Maloney S. A. , Bloomfield D. S. , Piana M. , Massone A. M. , Benvenuto F. , Massa P. , Schwartz R. A. , Dennis B. R. , van Beek H. F. , Rodríguez-Pacheco J. , Lin R. P. 
Published: January 2020

Aims. The Spectrometer Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX) on Solar Orbiter is a hard X-ray imaging spectrometer, which covers the energy range from 4 to 150 keV. STIX observes hard X-ray bremsstrahlung emissions from solar flares and therefore provides diagnostics of the hottest (⪆10 MK) flare plasma while quantifying the location, spectrum, and energy content of flare-accelerated nonthermal electrons.
Methods. To accomplish this, STIX applies an indirect bigrid Fourier imaging technique using a set of tungsten grids (at pitches from 0.038 to 1 mm) in front of 32 coarsely pixelated CdTe detectors to provide information on angular scales from 7 to 180 arcsec with 1 keV energy resolution (at 6 keV). The imaging concept of STIX has intrinsically low telemetry and it is therefore well-suited to the limited resources available to the Solar Orbiter payload. To further reduce the downlinked data volume, STIX data are binned on board into 32 selectable energy bins and dynamically-adjusted time bins with a typical duration of 1 s during flares.
Results. Through hard X-ray diagnostics, STIX provides critical information for understanding the acceleration of electrons at the Sun and their transport into interplanetary space and for determining the magnetic connection of Solar Orbiter back to the Sun. In this way, STIX serves to link Solar Orbiter’s remote and in-situ measurements.
Implementation of three gamma measuring stations on the Colentec loop in Cadarache for the on line observation of the clogging phenomena in Steam Generator
Authors: Loubet L. , Allinei P.G. , Schindler P. , Pointeau V. 
Published: January 2020

The Tube Support Plate blockage, also named clogging, is a complex phenomenon that can occur in the steam generator of Pressurized Water Reactors. This deposit of iron oxides, that can reduce the coolant flux and constraint the primary tubes, could have significant consequences on heat exchanges and the integrity of the primary tubes. Since 2014, an experimental program carried out jointly by CEA-EDF, has been performed on a representative dedicated equipment, the COLENTEC loop at Cadarache. The physico-chemical properties of the deposit formed (chemical composition, thickness...) were determined at the end of each experimental campaign lead at thermohydraulic and chemical stable conditions. ...
In order to determine the influence on clogging of parameters such as the chemistry, the temperature, the pressure in an on line process and without performing separate experimental campaigns, a method of measurement on radioactive tracer, the gamma emitter 59Fe, has been studied by our laboratory.
First, a modelization with a monte carlo code, MCNP, has been carried out with the geometrical configuration of the Tube Support Plate zone of COLENTEC in order to determine the most adapted measuring station. These calculations had shown that a 30% efficiency, high purity, germanium detector, with a specific collimation would be able to detect the accumulation of 59Fe in the Tube Support Plate of COLENTEC.
Then, in order to improve and ensure those important online measurements, our laboratory has proposed the installation of two additional measuring stations. One will be dedicated to a second on-line measurement, with a gamma detector of the same type, but positioned on a section of the loop remote from the previous area, to verify that there is no significant secondary deposit evolution elsewhere on the circuit. The last additional gamma measurement station will consist of a low background system able to carry out 59Fe concentration measurements of liquid samples taken from the loop during the test.
This paper presents the context of this experiment and then focuses on the spectrometry measuring stations, modelizations and tests.
JSI TRIGA neutron and gamma field characterization by TLD measurements
Authors: Ambrožič Klemen , Malik Klaudia , Obryk Barkara , Snoj Luka 
Published: January 2020

A well characterized radiation field inside a research nuclear reactor irradiation facilities enables precise qualification of radiation effects to the irradiated samples such as nuclear heating or changes in their electrical or material properties. To support the increased utilization of the JSI TRIGA reactor irradiation facilities in the past few years mainly on account of testing novel detector designs, electronic components and material samples, we are working on increasing the neutron and gamma field characterization accuracy using various modeling and measurement techniques.
In this paper we present the dose field measurements using thermo-luminescent detectors (TLD’s) with different sensitivities neutron and gamma sensitivities, along with multiple ionization and fission chamber. Experiment was performed in several steps from reactor start-up, steady operation and a rapid shutdown, during which the ionization and fission chamber signals were acquires continuously, while the TLD’s were being irradiated at different stages during reactor operation and after shutdown, to also capture response to delayed neutron and gamma field. The results presented in this paper serve for validation of JSI designed JSIR2S code for delayed radiation field determination, initial results of its application on the JSI TRIGA TLD measurements will also be presented.
The actual knee function was not influenced by joint line obliquity after open-wedge high tibial osteotomy
Authors: Kubota Mitsuaki , Kim Youngji , Sato Taisuke , Yamaguchi Junichiro , Ohno Ryuichi , Kaneko Kazuo , Ishijima Muneaki 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: Excessive joint line obliquity (JLO) after open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) induces detrimental stress on the articular cartilage. The purpose of this article is to assess the correlation between JLO and the clinical results after OWHTO.
Methods: 68 patients were followed up for more than 1 year. JLO was assessed using a long-leg standing anteroposterior radiograph. The knee osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) and KSS (Knee Society score) objective knee score were assessed as clinical scores. The Weight-bearing line ratio (WBLR), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA), and joint line convergence angle (JLCA) were assessed as radiological parameters. The timed up-and-go (TUG) test and single-leg standing (SLS) test were performed, and the isometric muscle strength of the quadriceps and hamstrings was assessed to evaluate the knee function. The primary outcomes were the correlations between the JLO and the clinical score, radiological parameters and knee function after OWHTO. The secondary objective of this study was to detect the factor with the greatest influence on JLO.
Results: There were significant correlations between the postoperative JLO and the KOOS in the subcategories of pain, activities of daily living (ADL), and sports and recreation (r = −0.311, −0.302, −0.282, p = 0.011, 0.014, 0.022, respectively). However, the postoperative JLO was not significantly correlated with the KSS, knee function, or muscle strength. The preoperative LDFA and postoperative MPTA were factors influencing increased JLO after OWHTO.
Discussion: There was no significant correlation between the JLO and the actual knee function. The preoperative LDFA and postoperative MPTA were factors that influenced the increase in JLO after OWHTO.
Praktikabilität und Leistungsfähigkeit von E-Health-Anwendungen bei der Erhebung von Patient-Reported Outcomes: Forschungsstand und -bedarf
Authors: Graf Joachim , Moreno Beatrice , Wallwiener Markus , Menzel Karina , Brucker Sara Y. , Simoes Elisabeth 
Published: January 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie E-Health-basierte Technologien spielen auch bei der Erhebung von Patient-Reported Outcomes (ePRO) eine zunehmende Rolle. Unklar bleibt jedoch, wie praktikabel und leistungsfähig E-Health-Anwendungen bei der Erhebung von PRO sind. Untersucht werden sollte daher, inwiefern die Voraussetzungen für den Einsatz von technikbasierten PRO-Instrumenten bereits erforscht sind, um einen breiten Einsatz in der „E-Health-Welt“ zu erlauben. Konkret soll festgehalten werden, welcher Forschungstand zur Praktikabilität und Leistungsfähigkeit sowie zur technischen Umsetzung besteht. Weiterhin soll untersucht werden, wie sich die grundlegenden rechtliche Vorgaben zur Durchführung von PRO-Befragungen gestalten, und inwiefern die Herausforderungen von ePRO hier bereits Einklang gefunden haben.
Methodik Literaturstudie: Selektive Literaturrecherche in Pubmed sowie in den Datenbanken von DIMDI, G-BA, FDA und EMA.
Ergebnisse Der Forschungsstand zu Hürden, Akzeptanz und Nutzenbereitschaft in Abhängigkeit von soziodemografischen Faktoren, Gesundheitsstatus und Technik-Skills ist gering, ebenso zur technischen Umsetzung. Die Vorgaben für ePRO seitens der Normengeber beschränken sich nur auf die Zusammensetzung des Erhebungsinstruments und methodische Gütekriterien. Die Voraussetzungen für einen breiten Einsatz von ePRO zwecks Ausrichtens therapeutischer Maßnahmen sind bisher nicht gegeben.
Schlussfolgerung Die Vorgaben des Normengebers müssen spezifiziert und auf die Bedürfnisse von ePRO angepasst werden. Da die Gestaltung der Tool-Oberfläche und der Grad der Usability Einfluss auf das Antwortverhalten der Patienten nehmen können, sollten im Rahmen der Implementierung insbesondere die Reliabilität und die Validität von ePRO-Erhebungen in Relation zu das Antwortverhalten determinierenden Patienten-, Krankheits-, Fragebogen- und ePRO-spezifischen Variablen fokussiert und rechtlich fixiert werden, um die Aussagekraft von PRO-Erhebungen nicht zu gefährden.
Setting the agenda for social science research on the human microbiome
Authors: Greenhough Beth , Read Cressida Jervis , Lorimer Jamie , Lezaun Javier , McLeod Carmen , Benezra Amber , Bloomfield Sally , Brown Tim , Clinch Megan , D’Acquisto Fulvio , Dumitriu Anna , Evans Joshua , Fawcett Nicola , Fortané Nicolas , Hall Lindsay J. , Giraldo Herrera César E. , Hodgetts Timothy , Johnson Katerina Vicky-Ann , Kirchhelle Claas , Krzywoszynska Anna , Lambert Helen , Monaghan Tanya , Nading Alex , Nerlich Brigitte , Singer Andrew C. , Szymanski Erika , Wills Jane 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe human microbiome is an important emergent area of cross, multi and transdisciplinary study. The complexity of this topic leads to conflicting narratives and regulatory challenges. It raises questions about the benefits of its commercialisation and drives debates about alternative models for engaging with its publics, patients and other potential beneficiaries. The social sciences and the humanities have begun to explore the microbiome as an object of empirical study and as an opportunity for theoretical innovation. They can play an important role in facilitating the development of research that is socially relevant, that incorporates cultural norms and expectations around microbes and that investigates how social and biological lives intersect. This is a propitious moment to establish lines of collaboration in the study of the microbiome that incorporate the concerns and capabilities of the social sciences and the humanities together with those of the natural sciences and relevant stakeholders outside academia. This paper presents an agenda for the engagement of the social sciences with microbiome research and its implications for public policy and social change. Our methods were informed by existing multidisciplinary science-policy agenda-setting exercises. We recruited 36 academics and stakeholders and asked them to produce a list of important questions about the microbiome that were in need of further social science research. We refined this initial list into an agenda of 32 questions and organised them into eight themes that both complement and extend existing research trajectories. This agenda was further developed through a structured workshop where 21 of our participants refined the agenda and reflected on the challenges and the limitations of the exercise itself. The agenda identifies the need for research that addresses the implications of the human microbiome for human health, public health, public and private sector research and notions of self and identity. It also suggests new lines of research sensitive to the complexity and heterogeneity of human–microbiome relations, and how these intersect with questions of environmental governance, social and spatial inequality and public engagement with science.
Ethics of quantification: illumination, obfuscation and performative legitimation
Authors: Sareen Siddharth , Saltelli Andrea , Rommetveit Kjetil 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe increasing use of quantification in all spheres of society is paralleled by the rise of digitalisation. These intertwining developments not only revolutionise data treatment, but also its societal effects. On the one hand, they have wonderfully enabling societal effects. On the other hand, they give rise to complex ethical dilemmas that motivate this call for an ethics of quantification. The central claim of this Comment is that quantification necessarily has two faces: illumination and obfuscation. Aspects that can be socially legitimated are illuminated, while those that cannot be so legitimated are obfuscated. This obfuscation poses ethical problems, hence its effects require rigorous analysis. Three ontologies of quantification are delineated to enable such examination: (i) as the disembodied practice of data processing in the ‘ether’—this foregrounds elements of big data and artificial intelligence; (ii) as the situated practice and effects of quantification within societal contexts—this attends to governing subjects through numbers; and (iii) as increasingly incorporated in physical reality—this focuses on governmentality of behaviours and behavioural change as mediated through everyday objects through an ‘Internet of Things’. Drawing on scholarship from the emerging sociology of quantification, the ethics of quantification is defined as the iterative illumination of obfuscation in legitimation by quantification. This is key for ensuring contextually desirable illuminating functions of quantification in all three ontologies.
The distribution and use of present and past progressive forms in
Spanish-English and Spanish-Brazilian Portuguese bilinguals
Authors: López Otero Julio César , Cuza Alejandro 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This study examines the distribution and use of
simple and progressive forms in two groups: English-speaking
heritage speakers of Spanish in the U.S. (n = 9)
and Brazilian Portuguese-speaking heritage speakers of Spanish in
Brazil (n = 15). We hypothesized that the groups
would show different crosslinguistic influence from their dominant
languages in their choice of verb forms. We collected semi-spontaneous
production data via oral narratives and analyzed group differences
in verb form, either simple or progressive, in activity and
accomplishment verbs (Vendler,
1967). The results show a main effect for group,
confirming that English-Spanish bilinguals favor progressive verb
forms in such contexts, while Brazilian Portuguese-Spanish
bilinguals opt for simple verb forms. We discuss our findings
following previous work by Jiang
(2000) and Putnam
& Sánchez (2013).
Right-dislocated complement clauses in German
talk-in-interaction
Authors: Proske Nadine , Deppermann Arnulf 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This contribution deals with
right-dislocated complement clauses with the
subordinating conjunction dass
(‘that’) in German talk-in-interaction. The
bi-clausal construction we analyze is as follows:
The first clause, in which one argument is realized
by the demonstrative pronoun das
(‘this/that’), is syntactically and semantically
complete; the reference of the pronoun is
(re-)specified by adding a
dass-complement clause after a
point of possible completion (e.g., aber das
hab ich nich MITbekommen. (0.32) dass es da so
YOUtubevideos gab. (‘But I wasn’t aware
of that. That there were videos about that on
YouTube.’). The first clause always performs a
backward-oriented action (e.g., an assessment) and
the second clause (re-)specifies the propositional
reference of the demonstrative, allowing for a
(strategic) perspective shift. Based on a collection
of 93 cases from everyday conversations and
institutional interactions, we found that the
construction is used close to the turn-beginning for
referring to and (re-)specifying (parts of) another
speaker’s prior turn; turn-internal uses tie
together parts of a speaker’s multi-unit turn. The
construction thus facilitates an incremental
constitution of meaning and reference.
Perception and production of language in the visual modality
Authors: Dye Matthew W. G. , Thompson Robin L. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Sign language acquisition requires learning how to comprehend and produce a linguistic system that is visual in nature, as opposed to spoken language acquisition which uses the auditory-visual modality. In this chapter, we consider the impact this has for a child acquiring a sign language. We summarize the research literature on sign language production and comprehension, and attempt to integrate psycholinguistic studies with work documenting the visual perceptual abilities of deaf children. While much of this research emphasizes the experience-dependent nature of language processing abilities, reinforcing the importance of early exposure for native-like acquisition, we caution against overgeneralizing from studies of adult processing and call for more child-specific language studies related to comprehension and production within varying acquisition environments.