bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping polyclonal antibody responses in non-human primates vaccinated with HIV Env trimer subunit vaccines
Authors: Nogal Bartek , Bianchi Matteo , Cottrell Christopher A. , Kirchdoerfer Robert N. , Sewall Leigh M. , Turner Hannah L. , Zhao Fangzhu , Sok Devin , Burton Dennis R. , Hangartner Lars , Ward Andrew B. 
Published: November 2019

SUMMARYRational immunogen design aims to focus antibody responses to vulnerable sites on the primary antigens. Given the size of these antigens there is however potential for eliciting unwanted, off-target responses. Here, we used our electron microscopy polyclonal epitope mapping approach to describe the antibody specificities elicited by immunization of non-human primates with soluble HIV envelope trimers and subsequent repeated viral challenge. An increased diversity of epitopes recognized, and the approach angle by which these antibodies bound, constituted a hallmark of the humoral response in most protected animals. We also show that fusion peptide-specific antibodies are responsible for some neutralization breadth. Moreover, cryoEM analysis of a fully-protected animal revealed a high degree of clonality within a subset of putatively neutralizing antibodies, enabling a detailed molecular description of the antibody paratope. Our results provide important insights into the immune response against a vaccine candidate that entered into clinical trials earlier this year.
pumilio regulates sleep homeostasis in response to chronic sleep deprivation in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: De Jesús-Olmo Luis A. , Rodríguez Norma , Francia Marcelo , Alemán-Rios Jonathan , Pacheco-Agosto Carlos J. , Ortega-Torres Joselyn , Nieves Richard , Fuenzalida-Uribe Nicolás , Ghezzi Alfredo , Agosto José L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRecent studies have identified the Drosophila brain circuits involved in the sleep/wake switch and have pointed to the modulation of neuronal excitability as one of the underlying mechanisms triggering sleep need. In this study we aimed to explore the link between the homeostatic regulation of neuronal excitability and sleep behavior in the circadian circuit. For this purpose, we selected the neuronal homeostasis protein Pumilio (Pum), whose main function is to repress protein translation and has been linked to modulation of neuronal excitability during chronic patterns of altered neuronal activity. Here we explore the effects of Pum on sleep homeostasis in Drosophila melanogaster, which shares most of the major features of mammalian sleep homeostasis. Our evidence indicates that Pum is necessary for sleep rebound and that its effect is more pronounced during chronic sleep deprivation (84 hours) than acute deprivation (12 hours). Knockdown of pum, results in a reduction of sleep rebound during acute sleep deprivation and the complete abolishment of sleep rebound during chronic sleep deprivation. These behavioral changes were associated with accompanying changes in the expression of genes involved in the regulation of neuronal excitability. Interestingly, pum knockdown also increased baseline daytime sleep, suggesting that Pum differentially regulates rebound and normal sleep. Based on these findings, we propose that Pum is a critical regulator of sleep homeostasis through neural adaptations triggered during sleep deprivation and induces rebound sleep by altering neuronal excitability.
Altered functional connectivity during speech perception in congenital amusia
Authors: Jasmin Kyle , Dick Fred , Stewart Lauren , Tierney Adam 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIndividuals with congenital amusia have a lifelong history of unreliable pitch processing. Accordingly, they downweight pitch cues during speech perception (even large, obvious ones) and instead rely on other dimensions such as duration. We investigated the neural basis for this strategy. During fMRI, individuals with amusia and controls (N=30) matched auditory and visual sentences using pitch and duration cues. A data-driven analysis procedure detected prominent reductions in functional connectivity in the amusia group, between left prefrontal language-related regions (inferior and middle frontal gyrus/DLPFC) and right hemisphere pitch-related regions (auditory and anterior insular cortex). Functional connectivity levels were correlated with prosodic cue weights measured outside the scanner. Furthermore, group differences in functional connectivity between these regions was not present during a control task (passive listening to tones). Our results suggest that individuals compensate for differences in the reliability of perceptual dimensions by regulating functional connectivity between task-relevant frontal and perceptual regions.
Direct readout of neural stem cell transgenesis with an integration-coupled gene expression switch
Authors: Kumamoto Takuma , Maurinot Franck , Barry Raphaëlle , Vaslin Célia , Vandormael-Pournin Sandrine , Le Mickaël , Lerat Marion , Cohen-Tannoudji Michel , Rebsam Alexandra , Loulier Karine , Nédelec Stéphane , Tozer Samuel , Livet Jean 
Published: November 2019

SUMMARYStable genomic integration of exogenous transgenes is critical for neurodevelopmental and neural stem cell studies. Despite the emergence of tools driving genomic insertion at high rates with DNA vectors, transgenesis procedures remain fundamentally hindered by the impossibility to distinguish integrated transgenes from residual episomes. Here, we introduce a novel genetic switch termed iOn that triggers gene expression upon insertion in the host genome, enabling simple, rapid and faithful identification of integration events following transfection with naked plasmids accepting large cargoes. In vitro, iOn permits rapid drug-free stable transgenesis of mouse and human pluripotent stem cells with multiple vectors. In vivo, we demonstrate accurate cell lineage tracing, assessment of regulatory elements and mosaic analysis of gene function in somatic transgenesis experiments that reveal new aspects of neural progenitor potentialities and interactions. These results establish iOn as an efficient and widely applicable strategy to report transgenesis and accelerate genetic engineering in cultured systems and model organisms.
Native Elongation Transcript sequencing reveals temperature dependent dynamics of nascent RNAPII transcription in Arabidopsis
Authors: Kindgren Peter , Ivanov Maxim , Marquardt Sebastian 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTTemperature profoundly affects the kinetics of biochemical reactions, yet how large molecular complexes such as the transcription machinery accommodate changing temperatures to maintain cellular function is poorly understood. Here, we developed plant native elongating transcripts sequencing (plaNET-seq) to profile genome-wide nascent RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcription during the cold-response of Arabidopsis thaliana with single-nucleotide resolution. Combined with temporal resolution, these data revealed transient genome-wide reprogramming of nascent RNAPII transcription during cold, including characteristics of RNAPII elongation and thousands of non-coding transcripts connected to gene expression. Our results suggest a role for promoter-proximal RNAPII stalling in predisposing genes for transcriptional activation during plant-environment interactions. At gene 3’-ends, cold initially facilitated transcriptional termination by limiting the distance of read-through transcription. Within gene bodies, cold reduced the kinetics of co-transcriptional splicing leading to increased intragenic stalling. Our data resolved multiple distinct mechanisms by which temperature transiently altered the dynamics of nascent RNAPII transcription and associated RNA processing, illustrating potential biotechnological solutions and future focus areas to promote food security in the context of a changing climate.
Modeling humanTBX5haploinsufficiency predicts regulatory networks for congenital heart disease
Authors: Kathiriya Irfan S. , Rao Kavitha S. , Iacono Giovanni , Devine W. Patrick , Blair Andrew P. , Hota Swetansu K. , Lai Michael H. , Garay Bayardo I. , Thomas Reuben , Gong Henry Z. , Wasson Lauren K. , Goyal Piyush , Sukonnik Tatyana , Akgun Gunes A. , Bernard Laure D. , Akerberg Brynn N. , Gu Fei , Li Kai , Pu William T. , Stuart Joshua M. , Seidman Christine E. , Seidman J. G. , Heyn Holger , Bruneau Benoit G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHaploinsufficiency of transcriptional regulators causes human congenital heart disease (CHD). However, underlying CHD gene regulatory network (GRN) imbalances are unknown. Here, we define transcriptional consequences of reduced dosage of the CHD-linked transcription factor, TBX5, in individual cells during cardiomyocyte differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We discovered highly sensitive dysregulation of TBX5-dependent pathways— including lineage decisions and genes associated with cardiomyocyte function and CHD genetics—in discrete subpopulations of cardiomyocytes. GRN analysis identified vulnerable nodes enriched for CHD genes, indicating that cardiac network stability is sensitive to TBX5 dosage. A GRN-predicted genetic interaction betweenTbx5andMef2cwas validated in mouse, manifesting as ventricular septation defects. These results demonstrate exquisite sensitivity to TBX5 dosage by diverse transcriptional responses in heterogeneous subsets of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. This predicts candidate GRNs for human CHDs, with implications for quantitative transcriptional regulation in disease.
A DNA nanoassembly-based approach to map membrane protein nanoenvironments
Authors: Ambrosetti Elena , Bernardinelli Giulio , Hoffecker Ian , Hartmanis Leonard , Sandberg Rickard , Högberg Björn , Teixeira Ana I. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSuper-resolution imaging has revealed that most proteins at the plasma membrane are not uniformly distributed but localize to dynamic domains of nanoscale dimensions. To investigate their functional relevance, there is a need for methods that enable comprehensive mapping of the compositions and spatial organizations of membrane protein nanodomains in cell populations. However, current superresolution methods are limited to analysing small, preselected subsets of proteins, at very low sampling fractions. Here we describe the development of a non-microscopy based super-resolution method for unbiased ensemble analysis of membrane protein nanodomains. The method, termed NANOscale DEciphEring of membrane Protein nanodomains (NanoDeep), is based on the use of DNA nanoassemblies to translate membrane protein organization information into a DNA sequencing readout. Using NanoDeep, we characterized the nanoenvironments of Her2, a membrane receptor of critical relevance in cancer. We found that the occupancies of Her2, Her3 and EGFR in the nanoenvironments surrounding Her2 were similar in two cell lines with vastly different expression levels of Her2. Further, we found that adding Heregulin-β1 to cancer cells led to increased occupancy of Her2 and Her3, and to a lesser extent EGFR, in Her2 nanoenvironments. NanoDeep has the potential to provide new insights into the roles of the composition and spatial organization of protein nanoenvironments in the regulation of membrane protein function.
Gender diversity on audit committees and its impact on audit fees: evidence from India
Authors: Miglani Seema , Ahmed Kamran 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship existing between gender diverse (women directors) audit committees and audit fees.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a sample of 200 listed Indian firms over a four-year period (2011-2014). Ordinary least squares regression is used to assess whether and how the presence of women directors on audit committees affects the fee paid to the external auditor in India. To deal with the self-selection bias, the authors use a two-stage model developed using Heckman’s (1976) method.FindingsThe results show a significant positive relationship between the presence of a woman financial expert on the audit committee and audit fees after controlling for a number of firm-specific and governance characteristics and potential endogeneity with the propensity-matching score analysis. From the demand-side perspective of audit pricing, the results indicate that women financial experts on audit committees increase the need for assurance provided by external auditors. Using interaction terms, the authors find that women with financial expertise on an audit committee have a stronger association with audit fees as entity becomes more complex.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings suggest that audit committees with women financial experts are likely to demand higher audit quality,ceteris paribus.Practical implicationsGender of the financial expert is critical to the audit committee’s effectiveness. The findings of this study have implications for the composition of an audit committee in a firm.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the extant literature by examining the less-researched topic of the association between the women representation on audit committees and audit fees. It also offers further empirical evidence that will influence the debate on the importance of gender diversity in corporations.
The impact of communication style on psychological comfort and trust in audit services
Authors: Sarapaivanich Naruanard , Sampet Jomjai , Patterson Paul G. 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
This study aims to examine the extent to which clients’ perceptions of a financial auditor’s communication style affect their psychological comfort and trust when considering whether to retain the incumbent firm for future financial audits.

Design/methodology/approach
A multistage method was used comprising integrated results from a literature review and findings from five in-depth interviews with chief financial officers of listed firms. A cross-sectional survey then yielded valid responses from 190 incorporated firms listed on The Stock Exchange of Thailand or Market for Alternative Investment.

Findings
The results reveal that, consistent with social interaction theory, an affiliation communication style positively influenced client’s psychological comfort and trust in an auditor. On the other hand, a dominant communications style negatively impacted psychological comfort. Cognitive social capital was found to moderate the links between dominant communication–psychological comfort, psychological comfort–trust and trust–relationship commitment.

Practical implications
From a managerial perspective, an affiliation communication style is fundamental for building client comfort and trust, especially for professional service firms, but especially in Eastern collectivist cultures that are relationship rich, where people seek to avoid conflict and prefer indirect communication styles over more direct styles.

Originality/value
This research highlights the central role that interpersonal communication style plays in developing psychological comfort and trust with a professional service firm. In addition, this study introduces the role of client psychological comfort as a key mediator between communications and trust.
Environmental disclosures and changes in firm value: new evidence from the BP oil spill
Authors: Garner Steve A. , Lacina Michael J. 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to use a sample of oil and gas firms and examine the relationship between environmental disclosure in the USA Form 10-K and the stock market reaction after the BP oil spill.

Design/methodology/approach
The study focused on three important time periods associated with the oil spill: the time period beginning with the explosion on April 20, 2010 and ending August 5, 2010, one day after BP permanently sealed the oil leak; the period beginning with the explosion on April 20 and ending with the sinking of the Deepwater Horizon oil rig on April 22; and the period associated with President Obama’s first public comments on the oil spill and his administration’s ban on oil drilling, i.e. April 29-30 and May 3.

Findings
The results show a negative relationship between environmental disclosure and stock market reaction.

Social implications
The findings of a negative association could be the result of higher disclosure by firms with more environmental risk because they indeed are riskier and/or they engage in “window dressing” to legitimize their operations and practices and maintain acceptance by society.

Originality/value
The results in this study run counter to a positive association documented in prior research studying the effects of environmental disasters.
Innovation speed and competitiveness of food small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) in Malang, Indonesia
Authors: Hutahayan Benny , Yufra Stefanus 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of creative destruction as mediation between the speed of innovation and competitiveness of food small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Creative destruction that is competence-based and market-based is usually done by incumbent enterprises to create barrier to entry and widen the distance with similar businesses, then the role of creative destruction as a mediation to strengthen the competitiveness is investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
To test this, data were collected from 161 SMEs that is the food SME population in Great Malang covering three areas namely Malang Municipality, Malang Regency and Batu Municipality. warp partial least square-structural equation modeling (WarpPLS-SEM) was applied because parameter estimation with WarpPLS-SEM is very efficient because it has greater statistical requirements than other covariant-based methods, which is more likely to deliver results that match the population condition (significant if that is in fact significant in the population).

Findings
The pace of innovation development is very important to improve the competitiveness of food SMEs. The idea of innovation is quickly realized and products that enter the market faster have a greater chance to improve competitiveness through profit and productivity. The pace of innovation development enhances the competitiveness of food SMEs. This study proves that competitiveness can be increased once the pace of innovation development is followed by creative destruction. Creative destruction in this case is done through increased competence and maintain the innovations that have been achieved by food SMEs. Increased business competence could be conducted through cost efficiency enhancing product quality and improving worker skill. It is conducted while maintaining the achieved innovation to strengthen the market network customer service and innovation in product packaging. The government’s role is proven not to strengthen the relationship of the pace of innovation development and competitiveness of food SMEs. The role of the government is reflected through credit facilities business licensing promotion marketing and training. These have been carried out by the government. Nevertheless, these activities do not generate widespread impact in strengthening the pace of innovation development to enhance the competitiveness of food SMEs.

Research limitations/implications
The main limitation of this study is that it analyzes processed foods and innovations in general. Future research should investigate one type of processed food based on the typology of innovation so as to provide more effective and efficient recommendations.

Originality/value
This is the first known analysis of innovation speed and creative destruction for SMEs of food sector.
Evolution of corporate social responsibility: two sets of explanation
Authors: Mishra Supriti 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThis study aims to advance two sets of explanation on the evolution of corporate social responsibility (CSR) – one set of explanation in the context of a developed country, USA, and another in the context of a developing country, India. The discussion includes the period after mandatory CSR rules were implemented in India.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper on the historical evolution of CSR in the USA and India. It reviews the chronological evolution of CSR. It compares the phases of CSR evolution between the two countries by tracking their CSR growth curves.FindingsThis study divides the evolution of CSR in the USA into four phases – conceptualization, introduction, growth and consolidation. In the first two phases, the rate of growth in CSR increases at a decreasing rate; in the growth phase, it increases at an increasing rate which stabilizes in the consolidation phase. In the Indian context, the study considers a three phase growth – conceptualization, introduction and growth. In the first two phases, the growth in CSR curve is inelastic. In the third phase, the growth rate increases but at a rate less than that in the USA.Originality/valueThough past research has examined historical evolution of CSR in the US context, scant research has tracked CSR evolution in India. Not many studies have compared the growth of CSR between developed and developing countries. This study also contributes the concept of CSR growth curves to the extant literature on CSR.
Elevator‐Related Deaths
Authors: Prahlow Joseph A. , Ashraf Zuhha , Plaza Natalie , Rogers Christopher , Ferreira Pamela , Fowler David R. , Blessing Melissa M. , Wolf Dwayne A. , Graham Michael A. , Sandberg Kelly , Brown Theodore T. , Lantz Patrick E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractElevators are mechanical transportation devices used to move vertically between different levels of a building. When first developed, elevators lacked the safety features. When safety mechanisms were developed, elevators became a common feature of multistory buildings. Despite their well‐regarded safety record, elevators are not without the potential for danger of injury or death. Persons at‐risk for elevator‐related death include maintenance and construction workers, other employees, and those who are prone to risky behavior. Deaths may be related to asphyxia, blunt force, avulsion injuries, and various forms of environmental trauma. In this review, we report on 48 elevator‐related deaths that occurred in nine different medicolegal death investigation jurisdictions within the United States over an approximately 30‐year period. The data represents a cross‐section of the different types of elevator‐related deaths that may be encountered. The review also presents an overview of preventive strategies for the purpose of avoiding future elevator‐related fatalities.
The Scavenging Patterns of Feral Cats on Human Remains in an Outdoor Setting
Authors: Garcia Sara , Smith Alexander , Baigent Christiane , Connor Melissa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTwo cases of feral cat (Felis catus) scavenging were documented at the Forensic Investigation Research Station in Whitewater, Colorado. Human remains at the facility are placed outside, observed daily, documented with field notes, and photographed; decomposition is scored on a Likert scale. Scavenger activity is monitored with game cameras. The cases documented included: preferential scavenging of the soft tissue of the shoulder and arm, differential consumption of tissue layers, superficial defects, and no macroscopic skeletal defects. This pattern more closely parallels the documented pattern of bobcat (Lynx rufus) scavenging than that of domestic cats. Scavenging among felids is relatively rare, as felids typically prefer to hunt. Such cases studied in detail are relatively few, spatially relative, and lack statistical robustness. While only two examples are reported here, these cases are rare overall, and this documentation may help field investigators understand the place of feral cats within a local scavenger guild.