bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiomic Analysis of Native T1 Mapping Images Discriminates Between MYH7 and MYBPC3‐Related Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wang Jie , Yang Fuyao , Liu Wentao , Sun Jiayu , Han Yuchi , Li Dong , Gkoutos Georgios V. , Zhu Yanjie , Chen Yucheng 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundThe phenotype via conventional cardiac MRI analysis of MYH7 (β‐myosin heavy chain)‐ and MYBPC3 (β‐myosin‐binding protein C)‐associated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) groups is similar. Few studies exist on the genotypic–phenotypic association as assessed by machine learning in HCM patients.PurposeTo explore the phenotypic differences based on radiomics analysis of T1 mapping images between MYH7 and MYBPC3‐associated HCM subgroups.Study TypeProspective observational study.SubjectsIn all, 102 HCM patients with pathogenic, or likely pathogenic mutation, in MYH7 (n = 68) or MYBPC3 (n = 34) genes.Field Strength/SequenceCardiac MRI was performed at 3.0T with balanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP), phase‐sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), and modified Look–Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) T1 mapping sequences.AssessmentAll patients underwent next‐generation sequencing and Sanger genetic sequencing. Left ventricular native T1 and LGE were analyzed. One hundred and fifty‐seven radiomic features were extracted and modeled using a support vector machine (SVM) combined with principal component analysis (PCA). Each subgroup was randomly split 4:1 (feature selection / test validation).Statistical TestsMann–Whitney U‐tests and Student's t‐tests were performed to assess differences between subgroups. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the model's ability to stratify patients based on radiomic features.ResultsThere were no significant differences between MYH7‐ and MYBPC3‐associated HCM subgroups based on traditional native T1 values (global, basal, and middle short‐axis slice native T1; P = 0.760, 0.914, and 0.178, respectively). However, the SVM model combined with PCA achieved an accuracy and area under the curve (AUC) of 92.0% and 0.968 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.968–0.971), respectively. For the test validation dataset, the accuracy and AUC were 85.5% and 0.886 (95% CI: 0.881–0.901), respectively.Data ConclusionRadiomic analysis of native T1 mapping images may be able to discriminate between MYH7‐ and MYBPC3‐associated HCM patients, exceeding the performance of conventional native T1 values.Level of Evidence3Technical Efficacy Stage2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2020;52:1714–1721.
Evaluating the Relationship Between Dynamic Contrast‐Enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI) Parameters and Pathological Characteristics in Breast Cancer
Authors: Kang Se Ri , Kim Hye Won , Kim Hun Soo 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundDynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI) is used to evaluate tumor microvasculature. However, studies demonstrating an association between perfusion parameters derived from DCE‐MRI and histopathologic characteristics are limited to a small set of histopathologic factors, and the results are inconsistent.PurposeTo evaluate the relationship between DCE‐MRI perfusion parameters and common histopathologic tumor characteristics used to predict angiogenesis and determine prognosis in breast cancer.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationIn all, 105 breast cancer patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (122 lesions).Field Strength/Sequence3.0T, turbo spin‐echo (TSE) T1‐weighted, fat‐suppressed T2‐weighted, TSE T2‐weighted, and dynamic unenhanced and contrast‐enhanced 3D T1 high‐resolution isotropic volume examination.AssessmentOne reviewer obtained perfusion parameters (Ktrans, kep, ve, and vp) of each breast cancer from DCE MRI using the extended Tofts model with a fixed baseline T1 value and a population‐based arterial input function. The relationship between DCE‐MRI perfusion parameters and histopathologic tumor characteristics used to predict angiogenesis and determine prognosis was evaluated.Statistical TestsStudent's t‐test, Mann–Whitney U‐test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Kruskal–Wallis test were used.ResultsTriple‐negative breast cancers exhibited higher Ktrans and kep than luminal cancers (P < 0.05). Estrogen receptor (ER)‐negative tumors showed higher Ktrans than ER‐positive tumors (P < 0.05). Progesterone receptor (PR)‐negative tumors presented higher ve than PR‐positive tumors (P < 0.05). Tumors with higher Ki‐67 showed higher kep than tumors with lower Ki‐67 (P < 0.05). P53‐positive tumors exhibited higher Ktrans and kep than p53‐negative tumors (P < 0.05). Higher histologic grade tumors (grade II/III) presented higher Ktrans, kep, vp (P < 0.05) than grade I tumors. Tumors with LVSI presented higher Ktrans and kep than tumors without LVSI (P < 0.05).Data ConclusionBreast cancer presenting higher Ktrans and kep on DCE‐MRI was associated with poor prognostic histopathologic factors. Therefore, pretreatment DCE‐MRI perfusion parameters may be useful imaging biomarkers for the evaluation of tumor prognosis and angiogenesis.Level of Evidence3Technical Efficacy Stage2
Conscientiousness in Teams Completing Creative Tasks: Does it Predict?
Authors: Taggar Simon 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe relationship between conscientiousness and creativity remains equivocal. This is surprising because conscientiousness is a good predictor of job performance across most criteria and occupations. In this longitudinal study, I found support for the achievement striving and the dependability aspects of conscientiousness affecting team member creativity in different ways. Specifically, the achievement striving aspect of conscientiousness positively predicts creative self‐efficacy, but the dependability aspect negatively predicts creative self‐efficacy. Conversely, dependability positively predicts teamwork self‐efficacy, while achievement striving is unrelated to teamwork self‐efficacy. Creative self‐efficacy partially mediates between achievement striving and team member creativity. Both creative self‐efficacy and teamwork self‐efficacy mediate between dependability and team member creativity.
Novel Method for Ultrasound‐Derived Fat Fraction Using an Integrated Phantom
Authors: Labyed Yassin , Milkowski Andy 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to demonstrate the clinical feasibility of an integrated reference phantom method for quantitative ultrasound by creating an ultrasound‐derived fat fraction (UDFF) tool. This tool was evaluated with respect to its diagnostic performance as a biomarker for assessing histologic hepatic steatosis and its agreement with the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) proton density fat fraction (PDFF).MethodsAdults (n = 101) with known or suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease consented to participate in this prospective cross‐sectional study. All patients underwent MRI‐PDFF and ultrasound scans, whereas 90 underwent liver biopsy. A linear least‐squares analysis used the attenuation coefficient and backscatter coefficient to create the UDFF model for predicting MRI‐PDFF.ResultsThe area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values were 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85–0.98) for histologic steatosis grade 0 (n = 6) versus 1 or higher (n = 84), 0.88 (95% CI, 0.8–0.94) for grade 1 or lower (n = 45) versus 2 or higher (n = 45), and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.73–0.9) for grade 2 or lower (n = 78) versus 3 (n = 12). The Pearson correlation coefficient between UDFF and PDFF was ρ = 0.87 with 95% limits of agreement of ±8.5%. Additionally, the diagnosis of steatosis, defined as MRI‐PDFF higher than 5% and 10%, had area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values of 0.97 (95% CI, 0.93–0.99) and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.9–0.98), respectively. The body mass index was not correlated with either UDFF or PDFF.ConclusionsAn on‐system, integrated UDFF tool provides a simple, noninvasive, accessible, low‐cost, and commercially viable clinical tool for quantifying the hepatic fat fraction with a high degree of agreement with histologic biopsy or the MRI‐PDFF biomarker.
A detailed chemical kinetic model for the supercritical water oxidation of methylamine: The importance of imine formation
Authors: Ashraful A. M. , da Silva Gabriel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA detailed chemical kinetic model has been developed for supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) of methylamine, CH3NH2, providing insight into the intermediates and final products formed in this process as well as the dominant reaction pathways. The model was adapted from previous mechanisms, with a revision of the peroxyl radical chemistry to include imine formation, which has recently been identified as the dominant gas‐phase pathway in amine oxidation. The developed model can reproduce previous experimental data on methylamine consumption and major product formation to reasonable accuracy, although with deficiencies in describing the induction time. Our simulations indicate that oxidation of the •CH2NH2 radical to methanimine, CH2NH, is the major channel in methylamine SCWO, with subsequent hydrolysis of CH2NH providing the experimentally observed reaction products ammonia and formaldehyde. Integral‐averaged reaction rates were used to identify major reaction pathways, and a first‐order sensitivity analysis indicated that the concentration of CH3NH2 is most sensitive to OH radical kinetics. Overall, this work clarifies the importance of imine chemistry in the oxidation of nitrogen‐containing compounds and indicates that they are necessary to model these compounds in SCWO processes.
Chalcone hybrids as potential anticancer agents: Current development, mechanism of action, and structure‐activity relationship
Authors: Gao Feng , Huang Gang , Xiao Jiaqi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe continuous emergency of drug‐resistant cancers and the low specificity of anticancer agents have been the major challenges in the control and treatment of cancer, making an urgent need to develop novel anticancer agents with high efficacy. Chalcones, precursors of flavonoids and isoflavonoids, exhibit structural heterogeneity and can act on various drug targets. Chalcones which demonstrated potential in vitro and in vivo activity against both drug‐susceptible and drug‐resistant cancers, are useful templates for the development of novel anticancer agents. Hybridization of chalcone moiety with other anticancer pharmacophores could provide the hybrids which have the potential to overcome drug resistance and improve the specificity, so it represents a promising strategy to develop novel anticancer agents. This review emphasizes the development, the mechanisms of action as well as structure‐activity relationships of chalcone hybrids with potential therapeutic application for many cancers in recent 10 years.
Double nerve transfer for restoring external rotation of the glenohumeral joint after neonatal brachial plexus injury
Authors: Soldado Francisco 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe probability of spontaneous recovery of shoulder external rotation in neonatal brachial plexus injury (NBPI) is very low after the age of 18 months. We report the outcomes of double nerve transfers to restore active external rotation of the glenohumeral joint in children with NBPI after this age.Patients and methodsRetrospective analysis of 20 children of mean age of 23.8 months with a mean follow‐up of 14.8 months. Inclusion criteria were: age > 18 months, full passive glenohumeral external rotation in abduction, and absence of severe joint deformity on MRI. The spinal accessory nerve was transferred to the infraspinatus motor branch and the long head of the triceps motor branch to the teres minor motor branch. Anterior shoulder release was associated when passive shoulder external rotation in adduction (pERADD) was <30° (n = 13, Group R vs. Group N‐no release n = 7). Active shoulder elevation and external rotation in abduction (aERABD) of the glenohumeral joint were evaluated pre‐ and postoperatively.ResultsAll children except two in Group R, recovered aERABD 4–6 months after surgery. Mean postoperative aERABD was 70 ± 32.4 and 82.9 ± 11.1° and shoulder elevation gain was 24.6 ± 22.2 and 27.1 ± 29.2° for Group R and N, respectively, without statistically significant differences.ConclusionsLate nerve transfers to external rotator muscles are effective in children with NBPI. This might be explained not only by muscle reinnervation, but also by the interruption of a previous co‐contraction or developmental apraxia.Level of evidenceTherapeutic IV.
Detection of acidic paper recovery after alkaline nanoparticle treatment by 2D NMR relaxometry
Authors: Poggi G. , Parmentier A. , Nourinaeini S. , De Luca F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCellulose‐based artefacts are highly prone to degradation, especially in the presence of acidic compounds, which trigger the depolymerization of cellulose chains and lead to a loss in the original mechanical resistance of the material. Calcium hydroxide nanoparticles dispersed in organic solvent have been recently proposed for the deacidification of cellulose‐based artworks. In this work, changes induced on paper by a deacidification treatment, following an acidification bath, were studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry and by the so‐called NMR diffraction of water trapped in the cellulose network. The deacidification treatment modifies intrachain and interchain bonds in hydrolyzed and degraded cellulose, leading to a buffered cellulose network configuration, which is similar to that characterizing the untreated reference sample in terms of relaxation parameters. Overall, calcium hydroxide nanoparticles are demonstrated effective in hindering the degradation of cellulose induced by acids and ageing in strong environmental conditions, even from the standpoint of cellulose network arrangement. It is worth noting, too, that the unilateral NMR device used for the relaxation measurements may represent a powerful tool for the preservation of cellulose‐based artworks because it allows for the monitoring of the conservation status of cellulose in a completely non‐invasive manner.
An efficient and unconditionally stable numerical algorithm for nonlinear structural dynamics
Authors: Xu Junjie , Huang Yuli , Qu Zhe 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThis article proposes an algorithm for express solutions in nonlinear structural dynamics. Our strategy is to adopt a typical time integrator and accept the solution after a constant number of iterations using a constant Jacobian matrix. Its success may not be initially obvious, but we demonstrate that the proposed algorithm not only is fully operational but also inherits the advantages of the host time integrators such as the unconditional stability, the order of accuracy, and the numerical dissipation that helps suppress the spurious higher mode oscillation. The use of a constant Jacobian matrix plays the key role in minimizing the computational expense associated with matrix operations. We first study the optimization of the number of iterations, then present the consistency and stability analysis followed by some examples verifying these features, and conclude by showing the exponential efficiency improvement in a response history analysis of a high‐rise building fully equipped with nonlinearities.
Quantifying seasonal 3D effects for a permanent electrical resistivity tomography monitoring system along the embankment of an irrigation canal
Authors: Hojat Azadeh , Arosio Diego , Ivanov Vladislav Ivov , Loke Meng Heng , Longoni Laura , Papini Monica , Tresoldi Greta , Zanzi Luigi 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we discuss the necessity of quantifying and correcting seasonal 3D effects on 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data measured along the embankments of rivers or artificial canals. A permanent ERT monitoring system has been continuously operating along the levee of an irrigation canal in Mantua province, Italy, since September 2015. To evaluate the importance of 3D effects and their dependence on seasonal variations, we first performed numerical simulations and also laboratory tests on downscaled levees of the study site. The results showed that 2D apparent resistivity pseudosections measured along the levee are significantly affected by 3D effects of the embankment geometry. Moreover, it was observed that 3D effects not only depend on the levee geometry, but they are also affected by seasonal fluctuations in the water level in the canal. This proved the importance of calculating 3D effects for the study site during dry and irrigation periods. Therefore, different synthetic models based on the levee geometry and water level in the canal in each period were constructed in RES2DMOD and RES3DMODx64 to quantify 3D effects for the study site. The ratios of apparent resistivity values calculated in RES3DMODx64 to the values calculated in RES2DMOD showed that 3D effects approach a maximum of 30% when the canal is empty during winter, and they arrive at a maximum of 10% when the canal is filled with water in summer. Using the graphs of the modelled 3D effects as a function of electrode spacing, apparent resistivity pseudosections measured by the permanent ERT system are corrected for 3D effects to obtain reliable resistivity sections after inversion. The final resistivity maps can be then converted into water content images using the empirical and site‐dependent relationship developed from core samples in the study area. Water content maps can be used to evaluate the stability of the levee and to detect possible seepage zones.
Phenotypic diversity of skulls in the Merovingian population (Norroy‐le‐Veneur cemetery, 7th century AD, Moselle, France) in the context of Early Medieval Europe
Authors: Šefčáková Alena , Thurzo Milan , Katina Stanislav , Velemínská Jana , Brůžek Jaroslav , Velemínský Petr 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWestern Europe underwent a major sociocultural and economic transformation from Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages. This so‐called Migration Period is characterized by invasions of various western and eastern non‐Romanized peoples, as well as by nomadic Huns. The Frankish state was the only Germanic state to successfully survive this period. Nevertheless, the arrival of unknown populations could have influenced the autochthonous Frankish population. Biological contacts between them are strongly reflected phenotypically in head/skull dimensions. The aim of this craniometric analysis of the Merovingian cemetery at Norroy‐le‐Veneur (NV), present‐day France, is to contribute to an understanding of population changes during the Migration Period. The NV data were compared, using univariate statistical analysis adapted to the state of preservation of the skulls without the use of imputation techniques, with the current database of European burials. Intersexual and interpopulation differences were tested by bootstrap two‐sample t test applied to winsorized measurements, indices and their z scores. Overall, NV is similar in terms of skull shape to the other Merovingian cemeteries. Males have significantly longer ultradolichocephalic skulls than dolichocephalic females and greater biauricular width. NV is significantly different to burials in present‐day Hungary, its individuals having significantly longer skulls, wider faces and wider skulls in the biauricular region. The NV individuals have significantly higher values of biauricular width than people from burials in Austria and Czechia‐Bohemia and lower length‐width index values than individuals from burials in Moravia (skulls are longer).The different shape of the skulls from Hungarian territory in the Early Middle Ages is due to the arrival of the Huns and Near‐Eastern Sarmat‐Alan populations, characterized by shorter and wider skulls, in the Carpathian Basin. The results suggest that they probably did not interfere too much genotypically in western European regions and did not significantly affect the Germanic Franks.
Glutaredoxin AtGRXS8 represses transcriptional and developmental responses to nitrate in Arabidopsis thaliana roots
Authors: Ehrary Ahmad , Rosas Miguel , Carpinelli Sophia , Davalos Oscar , Cowling Craig , Fernandez Francisco , Escobar Matthew 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGlutaredoxins (GRXs) are small oxidoreductase enzymes that can reduce disulfide bonds in target proteins. The class III GRX gene family is unique to land plants, and Arabidopsis thaliana has 21 class III GRXs, which remain largely uncharacterized. About 80% of A. thaliana class III GRXs are transcriptionally regulated by nitrate, and several recent studies have suggested roles for these GRXs in nitrogen signaling. Our objective was to functionally characterize two nitrate‐induced GRX genes, AtGRXS5 and AtGRXS8, defining their roles in signaling and development in the A. thaliana root. We demonstrated that AtGRXS5 and AtGRXS8 are primarily expressed in root and shoot vasculature (phloem), and that the corresponding GRX proteins display nucleo‐cytosolic subcellular localization. Ectopic expression of AtGRXS8 in transgenic plants caused major alterations in root system architecture: Normal primary root development, but a near absence of lateral roots. RNA sequencing demonstrated that the roots of AtGRXS8‐overexpressing plants show strongly reduced transcript abundance for many primary nitrate response genes, including the major high‐affinity nitrate transporters. Correspondingly, high‐affinity nitrate uptake and the transport of nitrate from roots to shoots are compromised in AtGRXS8‐overexpressing plants. Finally, we demonstrated that the AtGRXS8 protein can physically interact with the TGA1 and TGA4 transcription factors, which are central regulators of early transcriptional responses to nitrate in A. thaliana roots. Overall, these results suggest that AtGRXS8 acts to quench both transcriptional and developmental aspects of primary nitrate response, potentially by interfering with the activity of the TGA1 and TGA4 transcription factors.
Dose equivalency and efficacy of biosimilar erythropoietin stimulating agents: Data from real clinical practice
Authors: Gaipov Abduzhappar , Issanov Alpamys , Mursalova Zhanar , Tulegenova Nazia , Kakim Zoya , Baizakov Mukhit , Tuganbekova Saltanat , Aljofan Mohamad 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRecently, biosimilar erythropoietin stimulating agents become available in Kazakhstan. Important properties of the biosimilar such as dose equivalency to the original medicine (originator) and the ability to maintain hemoglobin target levels remain insufficiently described in many clinical settings. Thus, the current study aims to determine dose equivalency and hemoglobin target levels in a cohort of dialysis patients who were switched from the originator to biosimilar. Retrospective data of 74 patients from different dialysis centers who received at least 6 months of originator and switched to biosimilar and had at least 6 months follow‐up were analyzed. The clinical data of 32 male and 42 female patients were collected. The mean age was 52.5 ± 13.5 years. There is no significant difference in mean levels of hemoglobin during pre‐switching from originator to biosimilar (6 months prior) and post switching period (9 months after). Additionally, a subgroup analysis of 59 patients who received originator (epoetin beta), 6 months before the switch, showed similar level of hemoglobin (110.7 ± 14 vs 113.2 ± 10 g/L, P = .05) 6 months after the switch to biosimilar (epoetin zeta) at the equivalent dose regimen (69.5 ± 29 vs 68.1 ± 30 IU/kg/wk, P = .55). However, after 9 months of switching, patients using lower doses of biosimilar (69.5 ± 29 vs 63.3 ± 30 IU/kg/wk, P < .01), showed significantly higher levels of hemoglobin (110.7 ± 14 vs 114.7 ± 8 g/L, P = .01) compared to preswitching period. In conclusion, long‐term use of lower doses of biosimilar managed to maintain hemoglobin within the target levels.