bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paeonol attenuates inflammation by targeting HMGB1 through upregulating miR-339-5p
Authors: Mei Liyan , He Meihong , Zhang Chaoying , Miao Jifei , Wen Quan , Liu Xia , Xu Qin , Ye Sen , Ye Peng , Huang Huina , Lin Junli , Zhou Xiaojing , Zhao Kai , Chen Dongfeng , Zhou Jianhong , Li Chun , Li Hui 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSepsis is a life-threatening disease caused by infection. Inflammation is a key pathogenic process in sepsis. Paeonol, an active ingredient in moutan cortex (a Chinese herb), has many pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and antitumour actions. Previous studies have indicated that paeonol inhibits the expression of HMGB1 and the transcriptional activity of NF-κB. However, its underlying mechanism is still unknown. In this study, microarray assay and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results confirmed that paeonol could significantly up-regulate the expression of miR-339-5p in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS. Dual-luciferase assays indicated that miR-339-5p interacted with the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of HMGB1. Western blot, immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses indicated that miR-339-5p mimic and siHMGB1 both negatively regulated the expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines (e.g., HMGB1, IL-1β and TNF-α) in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Studies have confirmed that IKK-β is targeted by miR-339-5p, and we further found that paeonol could inhibit IKK-β expression. Positive mutual feedback between HMGB1 and IKK-β was observed when we silenced HMGB1 or IKK-β. These results indicated that paeonol could attenuate the inflammation mediated by HMGB1 and IKK-β by upregulating miR-339-5p expression. In addition, we constructed CLP model mice by cecal ligation and puncture. Paeonol was used to intervene to investigate its anti-inflammatory effect in vivo. The results showed that paeonol could improve the survival rate of sepsis mice and protect the kidney of sepsis mice.
AR facilitates YAP-TEAD interaction with the AM promoter to enhance mast cell infiltration into cutaneous neurofibroma
Authors: Jia Jing , Zhang Haibao , Zhang Hongke , Liu Wenbo , Du Huicong , Shu Maoguo , He Lin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAbundant mast cell infiltration and disease initiation at puberty are hallmark features of cutaneous neurofibroma (cNF). However, the association between mast cell infiltration and steroid hormones in cNF remains unclear. Here, we determined that androgen receptor (AR) expression is positively associated with mast cell density in cNF tissues. Moreover, both in vitro cell experiments and in vivo mouse models verified that activated AR promoted mast cell infiltration and that AR inhibition reduced mast cell infiltration. Analyses in cell models and xenograft tumours both demonstrated that AR upregulated Yes associate protein 1 (YAP)-adrenomedullin (AM) signalling. Clinical samples from cNF patients further verified that AR was positively related to YAP and AM. Mechanistic analysis revealed that AR accelerates AM transcription via enhancing YAP- TEA domain transcription factor (TEAD) binding to the AM promoter. Consequently, the upregulated AM enhanced mast cell recruitment. Interruption of the YAP-TEAD interaction or inhibition of AM could impair mast cell accumulation induced by active AR, which indicated that this newly found signalling pathway may provide novel targets for cNF treatment.
Resting States and Memory Consolidation: A Preregistered Replication and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Humiston Graelyn B. , Tucker Matthew A. , Summer Theodore , Wamsley Erin J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhile several recent studies have found that a post-encoding period of quiet, eyes-closed waking rest benefits memory consolidation, others have reported null effects. To more precisely estimate this effect, we conducted a quasi-exact behavioural replication of a recent study from our lab, which found that post-training eyes-closed waking rest improved declarative memory relative to a distractor task. Contrary to our hypothesis, the observed effect was not significant; however, it did fall within the 95% confidence interval of our previous finding. Furthermore, a meta-analytic effect summarizing n = 10 similar studies indicates a moderately sized and significant benefit of waking rest for verbal memory (d = 0.38, p < 0.001). We argue that the apparently conflicting results in this literature are most parsimoniously explained by variability due to sampling and/or measurement error, in a group of studies often underpowered to detect a smaller-than-expected effect of rest. Additionally, exploratory analyses revealed that increased trait daydreaming frequency negatively correlated with memory retention during eyes-closed rest. Together with our replication and meta-analysis, these studies suggest that waking rest confers a small but significant benefit on memory consolidation, and that this benefit requires the mind to be free from attention to either external tasks or spontaneous thought.
Diaphragmatic dysfunction associates with dyspnoea, fatigue, and hiccup in haemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Bin , Yin Qing , Wang Ying-yan , Tu Yan , Han Yuchen , Gao Min , Pan Mingming , Yang Yan , Xue Yufang , Zhang Li , Zhang Liuping , Liu Hong , Tang Rining , Zhang Xiaoliang , xiao Jingjie , Wang Xiaonan H. , Liu Bi-Cheng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMuscle wasting is associated with increased mortality and morbidity in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially in the haemodialysis (HD) population. Nevertheless, little is known regarding diaphragm dysfunction in HD patients. We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Institute of Nephrology, Southeast University, involving 103 HD patients and 103 healthy volunteers as normal control. Ultrasonography was used to evaluate diaphragmatic function, including diaphragm thickness and excursion during quiet and deep breathing. HD patients showed lower end-inspiration thickness of the diaphragm at total lung capacity (0.386 ± 0.144 cm vs. 0.439 ± 0.134 cm, p < 0.01) and thickening fraction (TF) (0.838 ± 0.618 vs. 1.127 ± 0.757; p < 0.01) compared to controls. The velocity and excursion of the diaphragm were significantly lower in the HD patients during deep breathing (3.686 ± 1.567 cm/s vs. 4.410 ± 1.720 cm/s, p < 0.01; 5.290 ± 2.048 cm vs. 7.232 ± 2.365 cm; p < 0.05). Changes in diaphragm displacement from quiet breathing to deep breathing (△m) were lower in HD patients than in controls (2.608 ± 1.630 vs. 4.628 ± 2.110 cm; p < 0.01). After multivariate adjustment, diaphragmatic excursion during deep breathing was associated with haemoglobin level (regression coefficient = 0.022; p < 0.01). We also found that the incidence of dyspnoea and hiccup and the fatigue scores, all of which were related to diaphragmatic dysfunction, were significantly higher in HD patients than in controls (all p < 0.01). Improving diaphragm function through targeted therapies may positively impact clinical outcomes in HD patients.
Design and experiment verification of OR‐PM machine with rectangular shaped magnets for integrated power generation
Authors: Wang Chen , Geng Weiwei , Zhang Zhuoran 
Published: December 2019

Outer‐rotor permanent‐magnet (OR‐PM) machines provide several distinct advantages such as high torque density and large rotor inertia due to the large outer diameter of effective air gap for power conversion. The purpose of this study is to replace flywheel with the outer rotor by adopting OR‐PM machines since this topology is well‐suited for integration with diesel engines. This study specifically investigates a 16‐pole–18‐slot ring‐shaped PM motor with rectangular shaped PM rotor for integrated power generation application. At first, the pole arc, rotor yoke thickness and PM slot height of the OR‐PM machine with rectangular shaped PM are optimised. In addition, the no‐load magnetic field, cogging torque and back‐electromotive force of the OR‐PM machine with rectangular shaped PM and have been analysed and compared based on two‐dimensional finite element analysis. Additional comparison including torque characteristics, field weakening, cost and efficiency are also highlighted. The results show that the OR‐PM machine with rectangular shaped PM has better electromagnetic performances. Finally, a 25 kW OR‐PM machine prototype with rectangular shaped PM is manufactured and experimented. The predicted electromagnetic performance is validated by experimental results.
Systemische oder ganzheitliche Zahnmedizin
Authors: Olbertz Heinz-Peter , Olbertz Rolf 
Published: December 2019

SummaryDie systemische oder ganzheitliche Zahnmedizin handeltbezüglich Prävention, Diagnostik, Beratung undTherapie imanatomisch funktionellen Bereich des stomatognathenSystems und berücksichtigt dabei die Vernetzungund Wechselwirkung mit anderenTeilsystemendes Menschen. In der ganzheitlichen Zahnmedizin erfordernstomatognathe Probleme, über die lokale PerspektivedesZahnmediziners hinaus, systemisches und interdisziplinäresWahrnehmen, Denken, Entscheiden undHandeln.Ein Fall aus der Praxis derAutoren vollzieht beispielhaftdas Vorgehen in der ganzheitlichen Zahnarztpraxis beieiner Patientin mit Parodontitis nach.
Unsupervised Machine Learning of Topics Documented by Nurses about Hospitalized Patients Prior to a Rapid-Response Event
Authors: Korach Zfania Tom , Cato Kenrick D. , Collins Sarah A. , Kang Min Jeoung , Knaplund Christopher , Dykes Patricia C. , Wang Liqin , Schnock Kumiko O. , Garcia Jose P. , Jia Haomiao , Chang Frank , Schwartz Jessica M. , Zhou Li 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background In the hospital setting, it is crucial to identify patients at risk for deterioration before it fully develops, so providers can respond rapidly to reverse the deterioration. Rapid response (RR) activation criteria include a subjective component (“worried about the patient”) that is often documented in nurses' notes and is hard to capture and quantify, hindering active screening for deteriorating patients.
Objectives We used unsupervised machine learning to automatically discover RR event risk/protective factors from unstructured nursing notes.
Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we obtained nursing notes of hospitalized, nonintensive care unit patients, documented from 2015 through 2018 from Partners HealthCare databases. We applied topic modeling to those notes to reveal topics (clusters of associated words) documented by nurses. Two nursing experts named each topic with a representative Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine–Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT) concept. We used the concepts along with vital signs and demographics in a time-dependent covariates extended Cox model to identify risk/protective factors for RR event risk.
Results From a total of 776,849 notes of 45,299 patients, we generated 95 stable topics, of which 80 were mapped to 72 distinct SNOMED CT concepts. Compared with a model containing only demographics and vital signs, the latent topics improved the model's predictive ability from a concordance index of 0.657 to 0.720. Thirty topics were found significantly associated with RR event risk at a 0.05 level, and 11 remained significant after Bonferroni correction of the significance level to 6.94E-04, including physical examination (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.12), informing doctor (HR = 1.05, 95% CI, 1.03–1.08), and seizure precautions (HR = 1.08, 95% CI, 1.04–1.12).
Conclusion Unsupervised machine learning methods can automatically reveal interpretable and informative signals from free-text and may support early identification of patients at risk for RR events.
Optimal phase sensitivity by quantum squeezing based on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer
Authors: Liu Jun , Yu Ya , Wang Chengyuan , Chen Yun , Wang Jinwen , Chen Haixia , Wei Dong , Gao Hong , Li Fuli 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A novel scheme for the enhancement of phase sensitivity based on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) and intensity detection is proposed. With the input of bright entangled twin beams from four wave mixing (FWM), the phase sensitivity can beat shot noise limit (SNL) and approach Heisenberg limit. This scheme is special due to that only one of bright entangled twin beams enters into the MZI and the other one is employed for measurement. In addition, by altering the parametric strength of FWM and the implementation of maximum quantum squeezing, the optimal phase sensitivity can reach sub-SNL. Optical intensity depletion of photon detectors and internal intensity depletion of the MZI are also discussed. The scheme displays that by employing external resources, while one input of the MZI is an vacuum beam, the phase sensitivity still can beat SNL.
Backtracking activation impacts the criticality of excitable networks
Authors: Zhang Renquan , Quan Guoyi , Wang Jiannan , Pei Sen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Networks of excitable elements are widely used to model real-world biological and social systems. The dynamic range of an excitable network quantifies the range of stimulus intensities that can be robustly distinguished by the network response, and is maximized at the critical state. In this study, we examine the impacts of backtracking activation on system criticality in excitable networks consisting of both excitatory and inhibitory units. We find that, for dynamics with refractory states that prohibit backtracking activation, the critical state occurs when the largest eigenvalue of the weighted non-backtracking (WNB) matrix for excitatory units,

λ

NB

E

, is close to one, regardless of the strength of inhibition. In contrast, for dynamics without refractory state in which backtracking activation is allowed, the strength of inhibition affects the critical condition through suppression of backtracking activation. As inhibitory strength increases, backtracking activation is gradually suppressed. Accordingly, the system shifts continuously along a continuum between two extreme regimes—from one where the criticality is determined by the largest eigenvalue of the weighted adjacency matrix for excitatory units,

λ

W

E

, to the other where the critical state is reached when

λ

NB

E

is close to one. For systems in between, we find that

λ

NB

E

<
1

and

λ

W

E

>
1

at the critical state. These findings, confirmed by numerical simulations using both random and synthetic neural networks, indicate that backtracking activation impacts the criticality of excitable networks.
Impacts of tillage practices on soil carbon stocks in the US corn-soybean cropping system during 1998 to 2016
Authors: Yu Zhen , Lu Chaoqun , Hennessy David A , Feng Hongli , Tian Hanqin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Tillage alters the thermal and wetness conditions in soil, which facilitates soil organic matter oxidation and water transportation, leading to rapid depletion of soil carbon (C). Little is known about tillage intensity change (TIC) and its impacts in the US corn-soybean rotation system over the past two decades. Using time-series tillage maps developed from a private survey and a process-based land ecosystem model, here we examined how tillage intensity has changed across the nation and affected soil organic carbon (SOC) storage from 1998 to 2016. Results derived from the combination of tillage survey data and cropland distribution maps show that total corn-soybean area consistently increased from 62.3 Mha in 1998 to 66.8 Mha in 2008 and to 73.1 Mha in 2016, among which the acreage under no-till system increased from 16.9 Mha in 1998 to 28.9 Mha in 2008, while conservation and conventional tillage decreased by 3.8 and 3.9 Mha, respectively. The extent of no-till practice in corn-soybean lands shrank by 2.6 Mha from 2008 to 2016, while conservation and conventional tillage increased by 2.8 and 6.1 Mha in the same period. Modeling simulations reveal that historical tillage practices led to a soil C loss of 10.3 (spring till only) to 15.2 (tilled in both spring and fall) Tg C yr−1 in the study area from 1998 to 2016. In addition, reduced tillage intensity in corn-soybean cropland contributed to SOC accumulation at 1.0 Tg C yr−1 (1.6 g C m−2 yr−1) from 1998 to 2008, but the SOC gain was offset by SOC reduction at 2.4 Tg C yr−1 (3.4 g C m−2 yr−1) from increased tillage intensity during the period 2008–2016. For both periods, TIC-induced hydrological C loss accounted for 15% of the SOC change, while the rest was attributed to gaseous-C loss.
What is important for achieving 2 °C? UNFCCC and IPCC expert perceptions on obstacles and response options for climate change mitigation
Authors: Kornek Ulrike , Flachsland Christian , Kardish Chris , Levi Sebastian , Edenhofer Ottmar 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Global mitigation efforts remain insufficient to limit the global temperature increase to well below 2 °C. While a growing academic literature analyzes this problem, perceptions of which obstacles inhibit goal attainment and which responses might be most effective seem to differ widely. This makes prioritization and agreement on the way forward difficult. To inform prioritization in global climate policy and research agendas, we present quantitative data on how 917 experts from the IPCC and the UNFCCC perceive the importance of different obstacles and response options for achieving 2 °C. On average, respondents consider opposition from special interest groups the most important obstacle and technological R&D the most important response. Our survey also finds that the majority of experts perceives a wide range of issues as important, supporting an agenda that is inclusive in terms of coverage. Average importance ratings differ between experts from the Global North and South, suggesting that balanced representation in global fora and regionally differentiated agendas are important. In particular, opposition from special interest groups is a top priority among experts from North America, Europe and Oceania. Investigating the drivers of individual importance ratings, we find little difference between experts from the IPCC and the UNFCCC, while expert’s perceptions correlate with their academic training and their national scientific, regulatory, and financial contexts.
Direct and indirect land-use change caused by large-scale land acquisitions in Cambodia
Authors: Magliocca Nicholas R , Khuc Quy Van , de Bremond Ariane , Ellicott Evan A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Large-scale land acquisitions (LSLAs) have received considerable scholarly attention over the last decade, and progress has been made towards quantifying their direct impacts. There is also a growing recognition of the importance of indirect effects of LSLAs, such as ‘spillover’ or indirect land-use change (iLUC), and the substantial challenges they pose for attribution and quantification. In fact, the relative contributions of direct and indirect LUC associated with LSLAs are unknown. This study aims to address these knowledge gaps using Economic Land Concessions (ELCs) in Cambodia, now the most targeted country for LSLAs in Southeast Asia. We leverage findings on archetypical pathways of direct and indirect LUC in Cambodia, developed through previous mixed-methods synthesis efforts, to quantify remotely sensed forest loss to specific ELCs. During 2000–2016, Cambodia roughly 1611 kha of forest, or 22% of total forest cover. Although ELCs (as of 2016) contained roughly 16% of Cambodia’s forest cover (2000), forest lost within ELC boundaries accounted for nearly 30% (476 kha) of total forest lost by 2016. Furthermore, iLUC contributed an additional 49–174 kha of forest loss (3.0%–10.7% of all forest lost in Cambodia) over the same period. Thus, iLUC contributed to Cambodia’s total forest loss at the rate of 11.4%–40.8% of direct LUC caused by ELCs. Such findings suggest that the total amount of LUC caused by LSLAs may well be underestimated globally. This and related synthesis research efforts can be valuable approaches for better targeting remote sensing analyses to specific locations and time periods needed to disentangle and quantify forest loss due to direct and indirect land change processes.
Expert system for corn plant disease diagnosis with the breadth-first search method
Authors: Sumpala A T , Rasyid R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Corn is one of the most important carbohydrate-producing food plants in the world, besides wheat and rice. But farmers often experience crop failures caused by disease attacks on corn plants. Some diseases that interfere with the productivity of maize plants are downy mildew, leaf spot disease, leaf rust disease, dwarf virus disease, midrib rot, stem rot and swollen burns. If the disease in corn plants is not known quickly, then the handling will be too late so that the plant will not develop, stop producing even the corn plants can die. This can lead to reduced yields and also cause crop failure. To overcome this problem, an expert system application for diagnosing maize diseases was made by adopting expert knowledge into the system using the breadth first search method that provides information about plant diseases and can diagnose symptoms of plant diseases, especially corn plants, while providing a solution to overcome them, which can later be used to reduce or reduce the risk of damage plant.
The role of low-density lipoprotein diluents to spermatozoa motility on limousine liquid semen during storage at 5°C
Authors: Hastuti  , Junaedi  
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe length of the spermatozoa storage process can experience a decrease in quality, so it is not feasible to be disseminated. This study aimed to reduce the declining rate of quality of bovine spermatozoa during storage at 5°C after the addition of egg yolk and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) on diluent medium. The study design used a Completely Randomized Design with a factorial pattern (4 x 5) with replications 3 times, where factor A is an LDL thinner (Al: 20% whole egg yolk (control); A2: 7%; A3: A %; A4: 9%) factor B is the length of storage (B1: first day; B2: second day; B3: third day; B4: fourth day; B4: fifth day). The results showed that the spermatozoa motility of Limousine bovine with low-density lipoprotein diluents had high motility compared to spermatozoa diluted with egg yolk diluents during storage at 5°C, the treatment of low-density lipoprotein can reduce the rate of spermatozoa decreased during storage compared to 20% egg yolk. The best LDL concentration is 8% during storage. The conclusion of this study shows that the administration of LDL could minimize the rate of deterioration in the quality of Limousine bovine spermatozoa during storage compared to egg yolk.
Seepage on landfill dam model: a laboratory study of the development of soil density variation
Authors: Nurnawaty  , Farida  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Water losses due to seepage through the body of the dam is something problems that often occur in planning a dam. The purpose of this research to knows the phenomenon of the seepage flow on the soil through the dam body or under the body of landfill dam. The research methods used the Test Laboratory simulations of homogeny Dams model using with three of the soil density (58.20%, 68.27%, and 76.33%) and with the application of the three theories of seepage in dam body (Dupuit, Schaffernak, Cassagrande). The results of this research indicate seepage flow far that the more the long time it takes to perk, the higher the discharge and the father the distance small then the seepage discharge of seepage, and the higher the density of the ground than the lower depths of the seepage