bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Language Difficulties Among Children Experiencing Neglect: A Public Health Approach Aimed at Narrowing the Gap
Authors: Sylvestre Audette 
Published: December 2020

PurposeChild neglect affects approximately 1% of children under the age of 6 years in the United States and Canada annually. Nearly 50% of children who experience neglect present significant language difficulties before starting school. Child neglect can thus be considered a major public health issue. Child neglect is an ecological and systemic phenomenon characterized by a dual disruption: first, in the relationship between the parent and child and second, in the relationship between the family and the wider community. Empirical research has quite convincingly demonstrated that parenting behaviors constitute a malleable variable upon which it is possible to act to foster the language development of young children. However, given the multidimensional nature of child neglect, interventions aimed directly at parents are simply not enough to support the language skills of children in this context. Based on a complex family and social conception of neglect, the objective of this article is to propose a logical model illustrating public health services for children experiencing neglect. Such a logical model provides for multiple interventions at the child, family and community levels.ConclusionsBroader efforts should be made to support the parents in overcoming the challenges of parenthood by addressing the multiple risk factors to which they are exposed. This can be achieved both by striving toward positive environmental conditions, characterized by responsive caregiving in the home and community, and by implementing multilevel interventions within an interdisciplinary and intersectoral approach. The resulting recommendations align with the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, a law that requires states to provide services to children in early intervention programs (Part C) and kindergartens/schools (Part B).
Dienylation of Unfunctionalized Arenes with 1,6-Diynes via Rhodium-Catalyzed Directing-Group-Free C–H Bond Activation
Authors: Tanaka Ken , Takahashi Hiroto , Honjo Yusaku , Shibata Yu , Nagashima Yuki 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIt has been established that the dienylation of unfunctionalized arenes with 1,6-diynes, possessing aryl groups at the diyne termini, proceeds to give the corresponding dienylated arenes in the presence of a catalytic amount of an electron-deficient cyclopentadienyl rhodium(III) complex, [CpERhCl2]2, and a stoichiometric amount of silver carbonate. Experimental and theoretical mechanistic studies revealed that a CpERh(I) complex generated in situ might catalyze the present dienylation­ reaction.
Chylothorax Associated with Congenital Complete Atrioventricular Block
Authors: Fujino Shuhei , Maruyama Hidehiko , Tsukamoto Keiko , Ono Hiroshi , Isayama Tetsuya , Ito Yushi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction Congenital complete atrioventricular block (CCAVB) associated with congenital chylothorax is a rare finding that has been reported in only one case in the literature. We report here the case of an infant with CCAVB complicated by congenital chylothorax.
Patient Report We present the case of a male neonate with a birth weight of 2114 g. Fetal bradycardia and right pleural effusion were detected at gestational age of 22 weeks. Maternal serum levels of anti-Sjögren's-syndrome-related antigen A autoantibody were high (4840 U/mL). The neonate was delivered at gestational age of 33 weeks; a temporary external pacemaker was placed immediately after birth that resulted in an improved cardiac output. Milk-colored pleural effusion increased in volume together with the initiation of breast milk feeding. Lymphocytosis and high triglyceride levels in the pleural fluid led to the diagnosis of chylothorax. The pleural effusion resolved in response to prednisolone, octreotide, and total parenteral nutrition.
Discussion The causal relationship between CCAVB and congenital chylothorax can be explained by considering the damage to the lymphatic vessels secondary to inflammation due to maternal autoantibodies and venous congestion due to bradycardia.
Conclusion In any case of CCAVB associated with atypical pleural effusion, one must consider the possibility of congenital chylothorax.
Implementation of Evidence-Based Cervical Ripening Protocol: Outcomes and Next Steps
Authors: Zakama Arthurine , Sobhani Nasim C. , Lamar Robyn , Rosenstein Melissa G. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective A prominent randomized controlled trial demonstrated that low-dose misoprostol with the concurrent cervical Foley shortened the median time to delivery when compared with either method alone. Our study aims to address implementation of this protocol and evaluate its impact on time to delivery.
Study Design This was a retrospective before-and-after study of nulliparous women who delivered nonanomalous, term, singletons at the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) in two separate 2-year periods before and after changes in UCSF's cervical ripening protocol. The primary outcome was time from first misoprostol dose to delivery.
Results A total of 1,496 women met inclusion criteria, with 698 in the preimplementation group and 798 in the postimplementation group. There were no statistically significant differences in time to delivery (29 vs. 30 hours, p = 0.69), rate of cesarean delivery (30 vs. 26%, p = 0.09), or cesarean delivery for fetal indications (11 vs. 8%, p = 0.15) between the groups.
Conclusion Implementing evidence-based low-dose misoprostol with the concurrent cervical Foley did not change the time to delivery, time to vaginal-delivery, or likelihood of vaginal delivery in our population. This may be due to differences in labor management practices and incomplete fidelity to the protocol. Real-world effectiveness of these interventions will vary and should be considered when choosing an induction method.
A unified neurocomputational bilateral model of spoken language production in healthy participants and recovery in poststroke aphasia
Authors: Chang Ya-Ning , Lambon Ralph Matthew A. 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Studies of healthy and impaired language have generated many verbally described hypotheses. While these verbal descriptions have advanced our understanding of language processing, some explanations are mutually incompatible, and it is unclear how they work mechanistically. We constructed a neurocomputational bilateral model of spoken language production to simulate a range of phenomena in healthy participants and patients with aphasia simultaneously, including language lateralization, impaired performance after left but not right damage, and hemispheric involvement in plasticity-dependent recovery. The model demonstrates how seemly contradictory findings can be simulated within a single framework. This provides a coherent mechanistic account of language lateralization and recovery from poststroke aphasia.
A dual role for α-synuclein in facilitation and depression of dopamine release from substantia nigra neurons in vivo
Authors: Somayaji Mahalakshmi , Cataldi Stefano , Choi Se Joon , Edwards Robert H. , Mosharov Eugene V. , Sulzer David 
Published: December 2020

Significance
We report a long-sought& in vivo& physiological role for& α-synuclein (α-syn) in dopamine signaling. The results indicate that& α-syn is critical for activity-dependent dopamine plasticity, and that short repeated burst activity produces rapid presynaptic facilitation, while prolonged burst activity slowly depresses evoked dopamine release. We propose that the rapid facilitation is due to an enhanced fusion of synaptic vesicles at active zones during exocytosis while the depression is due to synaptic exhaustion. These results identify a& dynamic role of& α-syn, and are critical for defining& molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets for various neurological disorders, where the firing properties of neurons are severely altered.
Automatic analysis of passive constructions in Korean
Authors: Shin Gyu-Ho , Jung Boo Kyung 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe present study aims to explore the applicability of automatic analysis to L2-Korean learner corpora, with a special focus on learners’ use of a clause-level construction. For this purpose, we investigate L1-Mandarin L2-Korean learners’ written production of two passive construction types in Korean – suffixal and periphrastic – by devising a pattern-extraction process through NLP techniques. We focus on reporting how the passive constructions are identified and extracted from learner writing automatically, given language-specific features involving the passive. A total of 72 essays were analysed by adapting an existing pipeline (developed byShin, forthcoming), with enhanced tokenisation and annotation through manual revision of the data. Results showed that our automatic pattern-finder identified more instances than manual extraction for the suffixal passive and yielded a perfect match with manual extraction for the periphrastic passive. Implications of the findings are discussed in regard to strengths and drawbacks of the automatic analysis of learner writing, with suggestions for improving currently available tools for learner corpus research in Korean.
Application of the second domain derivative in inverse electromagnetic scattering
Authors: Hagemann Felix , Hettlich Frank 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We consider the inverse scattering problem of reconstructing a perfect conductor from the far field pattern of a scattered time harmonic electromagnetic wave generated by one incident plane wave. In order to apply iterative regularization schemes for the severely ill-posed problem the first and the second domain derivative of the far field pattern with respect to variations of the domain are established. Characterizations of the derivatives by boundary value problems allow for an application of second degree regularization methods to the inverse problem. A numerical implementation based on integral equations is presented and its performance is illustrated by a selection of examples.
Lithographically patterned polypyrrole multilayer microstructures via sidewall-controlled electropolymerization
Authors: Synodis Michael , Pyo Jun Beom , Kim Minsoo , Wang Xuan , Allen Mark G 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Composite materials comprising multilayers of metal and conductive polymer can have applications in sensing, biomedical, and energy storage/conversion scenarios. One attribute of such metal/polymer composites is that they typically display highly anisotropic electrical properties, which makes them useful as materials for microelectronic or magnetic devices. However, incorporating the deposition of conductive polymers into scalable and manufacturable fabrication processes can be challenging, as the mechanisms for electropolymerization are complex. We previously demonstrated an additive approach to fabricate metal/polymer multilayer structures, using soft magnetic alloys as the metal component and polypyrrole (PPy) as the polymer component. To extend the utility of these composites, the deposition of many multiples of alternating metal/polymer pairs within specifically defined lithographic molds is highly desirable. However, since the lateral growth of electrodeposited PPy is typically faster than vertical growth, non-uniform layer geometry and growth of the polymer on and above the patterned molds are often observed. In this work, we achieve suppression of lateral PPy growth by control of electropolymerization bath counter-anions and passivation of underlying metal layers during deposition. The lateral-to-vertical growth rate uniformity ratio is reduced by a factor of six (to approximately unity) through polymerization parameter optimization and exploiting a continuous five-bath electrodeposition approach. The reduction in lateral growth rate enhances the scalability of multilayer structures that are fabricated using this additive electrodeposition-based approach and provides a manufacturable route to additive, lithographically patterned metal/polymer composites with tunable volume and geometry, without sacrificing the microstructure and properties of the composite.
Estimation of constants of thermal radiation using tungsten filament bulb.
Authors: Navalkar Vinita , Sawant Sumedh , Mourya Shubham 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The concept of black body is of primary importance in studying the energy transfer of thermal electromagnetic radiation at all wavelengths. Several physical bodies like incandescent lamps, electric heaters, stoves, the sun and the other stars, microwave background radiation, etc, are considered to be black bodies as their radiation spectra fits the black body radiation curve. The planck’s constant

h

, quantises the energy emitted by a black body in integral multiples of

h
ν

,

ν

being the frequency of the emitted radiation. We present here an experiment using a low cost apparatus to estimate the value of Planck Constant by studying the radiation of a 40 W tungsten filament bulb within the accuracies of 10%. Such an experiment can be easily implemented in undergraduate college laboratories. The experiment can also be used to verify the Stefan-Boltzmann law and Wien’s displacement law.
Development of light polarization experimental apparatus for remote laboratory in physics education
Authors: Ishafit  , Mundilarto  , Surjono H D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper describes the development of a light polarization experimental apparatus for a remote laboratory. The apparatus had been developed by controlling the analyzer rotation using a stepper motor controlled via the Arduino. Device control and data acquisition applications were developed with LabVIEW which provides remote control panel facilities and web publishing tools. With the developed apparatus, light polarization experiments about Malus’s law in physics teaching can be carried out remotely via the web. The results of the remote experiment show a good agreement with the theoretical predictions. It is concluded that the apparatus for remote laboratories is suitable for use in online experiment-based physics teaching
Determining Earth’s gravitational acceleration by free fall method with the presence of air resistance
Authors: Chou Naomi , Hsu Chen-Chia , Shen Ji-Lin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We show that the gravitational acceleration g near Earth’s surface can be easily determined with high accuracy by conducting the usual free fall experiment in high school or college physics laboratories. Unlike the conventional method of data analysis that uses formulas without taking air resistance into account, we consider the effect of air drag and solve the position function for the free falling object. The position function is then used to fit the experimental data and thus, determine the value of g. The average value of the determined g is found to differ from the gravitational field measured by gravimeters near the experimental site by 0.2%.
An Arduino-based experiment designed to estimate the heat capacity of a nichrome resistor
Authors: dos Reis W P N , Rodrigues D P , Rocha I L , Dutra R S , Souza P V S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a simple experiment to discuss some fundamental concepts of electricity and thermal physics, based on a very popular device within the current education scenario, the Arduino. In this proposal, we use the Arduino microcontroller as a data acquisition device to obtain the temperature of a nichrome resistor, that heats up in a circuit by Joule Effect over time. Using the data obtained, we developed a protocol to experimentally estimate the nichrome resistor heat capacity.
The Italian secondary-school graduation exam: connecting physics with the humanities
Authors: Colletti Leonardo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Connecting physics with the humanities is a fascinating challenge and a complicated cultural task. Yet, it is exactly what the Italian secondary-school graduation exam requires in its oral part. Although it has been criticized by teachers and students, here I provide a list of real school life examples and discuss why this can be a great, innovative opportunity for physics teachers to highlight the cultural power and richness of the discipline they teach.
Uniform circular motion measurements employing a smartphone using the phyphox app and a turntable
Authors: Gianino Concetto 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper describes an experiment on uniform circular motion, carried out in a second year class of the High School ‘E. Fermi’ of Ragusa (Sicily/Italy), employing an old turntable and a smartphone using the phyphox app. Data analysis allowed us to confirm that the motion is maintained uniform for all three nominal values of the turntable frequencies. We were also able to measure angular accelerations, in both the switch on and final stop phases. Thanks to the easy availability of the equipment used, the activity can also be proposed as Hands up teaching, to be carried out during extracurricular hours in either single or group work.
Application of Bayesian tomography method to the visible spectroscopic diagnostic on HL-2A tokamak
Authors: Li Dong , Liu Liang , Svensson J , Wang T B , LI J X , He X X , Shi Z B , Xu Min 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
As the commission of a visible spectroscopic diagnostic to the HL-2A tokamak for the measurements of both bremsstrahlung continuum radiation and impurity line emission, a Bayesian tomography method has been developed to this diagnostic for the reconstruction of a 2D emission distribution from line-integrated data. In this method, Gaussian process prior is adopted as an effective way to regularize the smoothness of the emission field, which can be truncated to enforce non-negative constraint of the emission values. For the reliability and quality assessment, uncertainty of the reconstruction can be examined through its confidence interval derived from a posterior probability. Performance of this Gaussian process
tomography method is exemplified by the reconstructions of the bremsstrahlung continuum emission, which coincide with the equilibrium magnetic flux surfaces with respect to position and shape. In another case the reconstruction of CVI line emission in the visible range (n = 8→7, 529.05 nm) disclose the existence of a bright radiation belt due to the plasma–wall interaction.
Searching for Possible Exoplanet Transits from BRITE Data through a Machine Learning Technique
Authors: Yeh Li-Chin , Jiang Ing-Guey 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The photometric light curves of BRITE satellites were examined through a machine learning technique to investigate whether there are possible exoplanets moving around nearby bright stars. Focusing on different transit periods, several convolutional neural networks were constructed to search for transit candidates. The convolutional neural networks were trained with synthetic transit signals combined with BRITE light curves until the accuracy rate was higher than 99.7%. Our method could efficiently lead to a small number of possible transit candidates. Among these ten candidates, two of them, HD37465, and HD186882 systems, were followed up through future observations with a higher priority. The codes of convolutional neural networks employed in this study are publicly available at http://www.phys.nthu.edu.tw/~jiang/BRITE2020YehJiangCNN.tar.gz.
Experimental study of the impact of the number of blades on the profile drag of UAV helicopter rotors in hover
Authors: Panayotov F , Dobrev I , Massouh F , Todorov M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Due to the motion of tip and root vortices of helicopter rotor blades and the inevitable blade-vortex interactions in multi-blade rotors, the profile drag of all individual blades is increased, when compared to the absence of any blade-vortex interaction. Different factors like the speed of rotation of the rotor and the number of blades greatly impact the magnitude of the profile drag increase. This effect is additionally worsened with the low- Reynolds operational conditions of small-sized UAV helicopter rotors. In addition, there is an initial upward motion of the tip vortex and thus there are three scenarios for the blade-vortex encounter, depending on whether the vortex emitted by the previous blade is still above, on or below the plane of rotation of the blades. All those uncertainties motivated the authors to carry- out this present experimental study. The results are shown in a convenient form. In hover, the profile drag increase is shown to be greater with increased number of blades and higher rotational speeds as there is less time for the preceding vortex to clear the path of the following blade.
Functionally graded structural member with three longitudinal circular cylindrical cracks loaded in tension: a fracture analysis
Authors: Rizov V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The present paper is concerned with fracture analysis of a structural member of circular cross-section with three longitudinal circular cylindrical cracks. The cracks are located arbitrary in radial direction of the structural member. Beside, the three cracks have different lengths. A circular notch is cut-out in the mid-span. The structural member is loaded in tension by two axial forces applied at the ends. The material is functionally graded in radial direction. The mechanical behaviour of the material is non-linear elastic. The fracture is studied in terms of the strain energy release rate. The solutions to the strain energy release rate derived for three cracks are verified by considering the balance of the energy. A parametric investigation of the fracture is carried-out. The effects of locations of cracks and material gradient on the fracture are evaluated.
Evaluation of the load-bearing capacity of variously shaped steel-concrete slabs under short term loading
Authors: Vatulia G L , Smolyanyuk N V , Shevchenko A A , Orel Ye F , Kovalov M O 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article presents the evaluation results of load-bearing capacity exhaustion of steel-concrete slabs under concentrated and distributed short-term loading. The authors investigate the performance peculiarities of square, circular, and octagonal samples. The results of the experimental research were verified by comparison with the results of finite element modeling in the LIRA-SAPR software package. The obtained results proved the theoretical equations that allow to define the load-bearing capacity of steel-concrete slabs during their destruction over the cross-section and along the contact of sheet reinforcement with concrete. It is recommended to find the required intensity of sheet reinforcement anchoring from the condition of equality of ultimate loads. The authors provide further FEM analysis of square slabs to evaluate the impact of anchor spacing, the thickness of the steel sheet, and supporting conditions of slabs on their load-bearing capacity.
Numerical investigation on the effects of the aerodynamic shading between the tower and the blade of wind turbine generator with horizontal axis
Authors: Genov J A , Angelov I A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the effects of the aerodynamic shading between the tower and the blade of NREL 5MW wind turbine generator. 3D models of the turbine and the tower are designed. They are reduced to plane models in order to simplify the convoluted, spatial aerodynamic interaction to a sequence of plane-2D problems. The plane models are numerically studied in Ansys Fluent, using dynamic-deformable mesh method. Visual and numerical results of the aerodynamic shading interaction are obtained. Force distributions on the blade and on the tower of NREL 5MW wind turbine generator are derived, for the exact moment when the aerodynamic shading occurs.