bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary results about the efficacy of abamectin trunk injection against the walnut husk fly (Rhagoletis completa)
Authors: Kiss Máté , Hachoumi Imane , Nagy Viktória , Ladányi Márta , Gutermuth Ádám , Szabó Árpád , Sörös Csilla 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe walnut husk fly (Rhagoletis completa) is one of the main pests affecting common walnut in both Europe and America. This work examines the effects of abamectin on the development of walnut husk fly larvae by injecting the product Vertimec 1.8 EC (Syngenta) into the trunks of walnut trees in Hungary. In the case of properly injected trees, the infection rate was negligible and the abamectin content in the husk samples ranged between 1.54 and 3.00 ng/g; controls show a very high (> 90%) infestation rate and an abamectin content under the detection limit. Abamectin residue measured in walnut kernel did not exceed the maximum residue limit; moreover, the active ingredient content was below the detection limit (0.0003 mg/kg) in all the collected kernel samples. Our results confirm that trunk injection is a viable method for walnut pest control.
Water and energy savings from greywater reuse: a modelling scheme using disaggregated consumption data
Authors: Knutsson J. , Knutsson P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMunicipal drinking water supplies are under great stress globally, and one way to mitigate the problems is the reutilization of wastewater in various settings. In this paper, a greywater reuse scheme and the impact of system design and configuration on water and energy savings are investigated. The objective of the paper was to investigate the impact of hydraulic design and performance of a greywater treatment and reuse system on water and energy savings. A simulation model was created based on real, disaggregated water consumption data that predicts the reuse potential. Three scenarios were investigated; (1) greywater collection from the bathroom and reuse for toilet flushing, (2) greywater collection from bathroom sinks and showers, and reuse as hot water for sinks and showers, and (3) a combination of (1) and (2) where greywater collection from bathroom sinks and showers is used for toilet flushing, sinks and shower. The results indicate hot water reductions between 55.6 and 58.2%, while cold water reductions ranged from 5.8 to 30.6%. Reductions in energy for producing hot water between 43.5 and 46.8% were observed. Recommendations per connected user for hydraulic design ranged from 0.033 to 0.1 dm3 min−1, 3 dm3, and 0.7–10 dm3 for treatment capacity, collection and holding tank volume.
A cross-sectional study on monitoring depth of anesthesia using brain function index among elective laparotomy patients
Authors: Aryafar Mohamad , Bozorgmehr Rama , Alizadeh Reza , Gholami Farshid 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Consciousness during surgical procedure is associated with adverse psychological effects and postoperative complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the depth of anesthesia using brain function index (BFI) among patients undergoing elective laparotomy.

Materials and methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 256 patients referred to (XXX) for elective laparotomy were included. BFI values using published studies were used to measure the depth of anesthesia in response to propofol, atracurium and propofol induction: deeply anesthetized (BFI<40), general anesthesia (40 < BFI<60), lightly anesthetized (60 < BFI<80) and (BFI<80) awake. These were evaluated at the time of surgical incision and 15, 30 and 60 min after surgery. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v22.

Results:
The average dose of propofol administered/propofol infusion was 111.67 ± 78.87 and 104.88 ± 76.20, respectively, atracurium 67.04 ± 40.06 and fentanyl was 33.61 ± 9.137. Deep anesthesia and light anesthesia were significantly different at various time intervals, p < 0.05, respectively. However, consciousness was not significantly different at different time interval in exception to the fentanyl drug administration.

Conclusion:
The outcomes of our study show that brain function index might be helpful to determine the level of anesthesia among patients undergoing elective laparotomy. However, further comparative studies, including other parameters are required.

Highlights:
Morbidity Among Athletes Presenting for Medical Care During 3 Iterations of an Ultratrail Race in the Himalayas
Authors: Dawadi Suvash , Basyal Bikash , Subedi Yogesh 
Published: November 2020

Introduction Although ultratrail races are increasing in popularity, there is a dearth of data regarding illnesses and medical care at these events. Data about injuries and illnesses for races taking place in the Himalayas, where the nearest medical facility can be hundreds of miles away, are even harder to find. This study aimed to describe the injuries and illnesses befalling the participants of a 7-stage 212 km (132 mi) trail race at high altitude. Methods Ethical approval was obtained from Nepal Research Health Council. A retrospective study of the record of medical encounters among the 100 participants competing in the Manaslu trail race in Nepal from 2014 to 2016 was performed. Diagnoses were classified into various categories. Informed consent was taken from all participants. Results Acute diarrhea was the most common ailment reported among the participants (18%), followed closely by musculoskeletal problems (17%). Altitude illness made up 6% of care provided. Approximately 35% of the athletes were using acetazolamide as prophylaxis for high altitude illnesses. The 1 case needing evacuation in the 3 iterations was high altitude pulmonary edema. Conclusions Ultratrail races at high altitude pose a challenge in terms of provision of medical care in a remote setting with limited resources. However, most of the illnesses are minor in nature and easily managed by the race doctor. Knowledge of common illnesses among travelers to the area can help aid in preparation and provision of proper care, especially in remote settings with limited resources.
Impacts of Topographic Relief and Crustal Heterogeneity on Coseismic Deformation and Inversions for Fault Geometry and Slip: A Case Study of the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake in the Central Himalayan Arc
Authors: Li Shaoyang , Barnhart William D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFault source models inverted from surface displacement measurements are a common tool to contextualize the seismotectonic significance of earthquakes. However, these models commonly invoke a simplified homogeneous elastic half‐space (flat Earth) description of Earth, which may bias the resulting fault geometries and slip distributions in the presence of spatially varying Earth's elastic structure and topography. Here, we developed both forward and inverse three‐dimensional finite‐element models with planar faults to systematically assess the impacts of topography, crustal elastic structure, and fault geometry on surface deformation and earthquake source inversions, with a focus on the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal earthquake. Our forward models with fixed fault slip confirm the impacts of topography and crustal heterogeneity on surface deformation. These impacts, however, contribute only maximally ∼10% of the total surface displacement, and the fault depth and dip dominantly control the coseismic deformation for the Gorkha case. When using homogeneous half‐space models to invert the synthetic displacement fields generated by forward finite‐element models, we find that ignoring crustal heterogeneity primarily biases inferred dip angle, while ignoring relief primarily biases inferred fault depth. Our inversions based on finite‐element models suggest that topography and crustal heterogeneity introduce negligible bias on recovering the Gorkha line of sight observations. Fault dip angle and depth can systematically trade off with slip area and slip magnitude, regardless of the presence of relief and crustal heterogeneities. Taken together, our findings highlight the importance of fault geometry on inverted fault kinematics with geodetic observations in the central Himalayan arc.
Impact of Temporal Variation of Chlorophyll‐Specific Absorption on Phytoplankton Phenology Observed From Ocean Color Satellite: A Numerical Experiment
Authors: Lee Zhongping , Shang Shaoling , Zhang Shuai , Wu Jinghui , Wei Guomei , Wu Xiuling 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe designed a numerical experiment to characterize the impact of a dynamic chlorophyll‐specific absorption coefficient () on the retrieved temporal pattern of chlorophyll concentration (Chl) from ocean color (Rrs). It is found that, even for oceanic waters, without consideration of the temporal variation of , Chl derived from a synthesized annual Rrs using the “standard” ocean color algorithms will generate false dynamic patterns of Chl or questionable phytoplankton phenology. For instance, for an annual Chl with spring and fall blooms, the inverted Chl from Rrs could show a delay of spring bloom by ∼1–3 weeks, along with a perceived earlier appearance of fall bloom or a false bloom during summer. These results highlight the complex relationships between Rrs (an optical property) and Chl (a biological property) in aquatic environments, in particular, the importance and necessity to characterize and understand the temporal variations of .
LINC00174 is a novel prognostic factor in thymic epithelial tumors involved in cell migration and lipid metabolism
Authors: Tito Claudia , Ganci Federica , Sacconi Andrea , Masciarelli Silvia , Fontemaggi Giulia , Pulito Claudio , Gallo Enzo , Laquintana Valentina , Iaiza Alessia , De Angelis Luciana , Benedetti Anna , Cacciotti Jessica , Miglietta Selenia , Bellenghi Maria , Carè Alessandra , Fatica Alessandro , Diso Daniele , Anile Marco , Petrozza Vincenzo , Facciolo Francesco , Alessandrini Gabriele , Pescarmona Edoardo , Venuta Federico , Marino Mirella , Blandino Giovanni , Fazi Francesco 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLong non-coding RNAs are emerging as new molecular players involved in many biological processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and differentiation. Their aberrant expression has been reported in variety of diseases. The aim of this study is the identification and functional characterization of clinically relevant lncRNAs responsible for the inhibition of miR-145-5p, a key tumor suppressor in thymic epithelial tumors (TETs). Starting from gene expression analysis by microarray in a cohort of fresh frozen thymic tumors and normal tissues, we identified LINC00174 as upregulated in TET. Interestingly, LINC00174 expression is positively correlated with a 5-genes signature in TETs. Survival analyses, performed on the TCGA dataset, showed that LINC00174 and its associated 5-genes signature are prognostic in TETs. Specifically, we show that LINC00174 favors the expression of SYBU, FEM1B, and SCD5 genes by sponging miR-145-5p, a well-known tumor suppressor microRNA downregulated in a variety of tumors, included TETs. Functionally, LINC00174 impacts on cell migration and lipid metabolism. Specifically, SCD5, one of the LINC00174-associated genes, is implicated in the control of lipid metabolism and promotes thymic cancer cells migration. Our study highlights that LINC00174 and its associated gene signature are relevant prognostic indicators in TETs. Of note, we here show that a key controller of lipid metabolism, SCD5, augments the migration ability of TET cells, creating a link between lipids and motility, and highlighting these pathways as relevant targets for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for TET.
Role of the magnetic field in the fragmentation process: the case of G14.225-0.506
Authors: Añez-López N. , Busquet G. , Koch P. M. , Girart J. M. , Liu H. B. , Santos F. , Chapman N. L. , Novak G. , Palau A. , Ho P. T. P. , Zhang Q. 
Published: November 2020

Context. Magnetic fields are predicted to play a significant role in the formation of filamentary structures and their fragmentation to form stars and star clusters.
Aims. We aim to investigate the role of the magnetic field in the process of core fragmentation toward the two hub–filament systems in the infrared dark cloud G14.225-0.506, which present different levels of fragmentation.
Methods. We performed observations of the thermal dust polarization at 350 μm using the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO) with an angular resolution of 10″ toward the two hubs (Hub-N and Hub-S) in the infrared dark cloud G14.225-0.506. We additionally applied the polarization–intensity-gradient method to estimate the significance of the magnetic field over the gravitational force.
Results. The sky-projected magnetic field in Hub-N shows a rather uniform structure along the east–west orientation, which is roughly perpendicular to the major axis of the hub–filament system. The intensity gradient in Hub-N displays a single local minimum coinciding with the dust core MM1a detected with interferometric observations. Such a prevailing magnetic field orientation is slightly perturbed when approaching the dust core. Unlike the northern Hub, Hub-S shows two local minima, reflecting the bimodal distribution of the magnetic field. In Hub-N, both east and west of the hub–filament system, the intensity gradient and the magnetic field are parallel whereas they tend to be perpendicular when penetrating the dense filaments and hub. Analysis of the |δ|- and ΣB-maps indicates that, in general, the magnetic field cannot prevent gravitational collapse, both east and west, suggesting that the magnetic field is initially dragged by the infalling motion and aligned with it, or is channeling material toward the central ridge from both sides. Values of ΣB ≳ 1 are found toward a north–south ridge encompassing the dust emission peak, indicating that in this region magnetic field dominates over gravity force, or that with the current angular resolution we cannot resolve a hypothetically more complex structure. We estimated the magnetic field strength, the mass-to-flux ratio, and the Alfvén Mach number, and found differences between the two hubs.
Conclusions. The different levels of fragmentation observed in these two hubs could arise from differences in the properties of the magnetic field rather than from differences in the intensity of the gravitational field because the density in the two hubs is similar. However, environmental effects could also play a role.
A dynamic model of complexly mechanoresponsive chain-poly[n]-catenations in double-network polyampholyte hydrogels
Authors: Xing Ziyu , Lu Haibao , Fu Yong Qing 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Polyampholytes have been widely used to improve mechanical performance of double-network (DN) hydrogels, however, the complex mechanisms of electric charge reactions and chain catenations have not been well understood. In this study, a collective and cooperative model is developed to describe the dynamics and constitutive relationships of complexly mechanoresponsive chain-poly[n]-catenations in polyampholyte DN hydrogels. The freely jointed chain (FJC) model and Flory–Huggins theory are firstly employed to formulate mechanochemical behaviors of the DN hydrogels, in which the stretchable network undergoes a folding-to-unfolding transition and the brittle one undergoes a reversibly mechanochemical transition. The worm like chain (WLC) model is then introduced to describe the chain-poly[n]-catenations, of which the strong and weak ionic bonds have been modeled based on the entanglement and dangling effects, respectively. Finally, a free-energy equation is developed to describe their collective and cooperative dynamics. Effectiveness of the newly proposed model is verified by applying it to predict the experimental results of the polyampholyte DN hydrogels reported in literature.
Retraction: Machine learning algorithms for prediction of dyslexia using eye movement (J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.
1427 012012)
Authors: Chakraborty Vani , Sundaram Meentachi 
Published: November 2020

This article has been retracted by IOP Publishing on 06 November 2020 due to plagiarism from "Automatic detection of developmental dyslexia from eye movement data" (the "original work"), Peter Raatikainen, Master's Thesis in Information Technology, 2019 https://jyx.jyu.fi/bitstream/handle/123456789/64482/URN%3aNBN%3afi%3ajyu-201906103105.pdf?sequence=1%26isAllowed=y.

The original author's supervisor notified IOP Publishing of this issue on 29th October 2020 and alerted the Publisher of the issue. IOP Publishing has investigated and agrees that the IOP Publishing article has inappropriately used ideas, content and figures from the original work. The authors of the IOP Publishing article have confirmed the inappropriate use of the content and they agree to this retraction.
Retraction published: 06 November 2020
Modelling and Implementation of Distributed Rain Water Storage and Utilization
Authors: Hu Bingyi , Xing Ke , Gao Weihe , Liu Hainan , Li Hengyong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Storing rainwater during a rainfall and utilizing it later in a city is a useful way to solve water-logging of a city. This concept is known as spongy city. An application of this concept can be one of a concentrated water storage such as a lake and distributed storage units similar to numerous connected spongy blocks. In this paper, the distributed system is adapted, and provide a method of modelling and a simulation. This model can show the dynamic result of water logging deduced from given rain quantity, pipe dewatering rate and storage volume. It also serves as an early warning for potential dewatering of heavy rain which maintains the balance between avoiding water-logging and full water level in the water storage. The model can be used to calculate the capacity of water storage required for a set maximal rain quality. Consequently, the model is helpful in forecasting the status of water-logging and providing a suggested water storage design. In order to test the feasibility of a system based on the above modelling, a front-end device is designed. It can cooperate with a managing sever to plan the dewatering. The findings of the simulation indicate that the model is helpful and feasible.
Modeling Free Surface Elevation around Tandem Piers of the Longitudinal Bridge by Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Qi Hongliang , Zhang Chenguang , Zheng Junxing 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study explores the impacts of tandem piers of longitudinal bridges on the free surface elevation of river flow by computational fluid dynamics(CFD). Water flow around a single pier is simulated to develop the Kármán vortex street model, which also verifies the effectiveness of CFD simulations in this study. Then, the influence mechanism of span on the free surface elevation was analyzed in the light of the streamline of flow at y=0.4m in different times. If the span is shorter than 20D, including20D, the superposition of Kármán Vortex Streets obviously affect the fluctuation of streamline. The leap height of the first pier of different models is very close. If the span is shorter than 40D, the leap height decreases by degrees and finally reaches stability. When the span is greater than 40D, the leap height from the 2nd pier to the last one is close.
The Establishment of the Logical Model of the Internet of Things Application System
Authors: Song Yuxiang , Li Yijie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In order to build the Internet of things system, it is necessary to establish a feasible and reasonable mathematical model. Based on the application of embedded technology, Internet technology, communication technology and other scientific and technological methods of Internet of things system, a complete logic model of Internet of things application system is established. The logical model is the theoretical basis for the formation of the Internet of things system. It is the supplement and improvement of Internet of things application system. It is the collection and induction of discrete Internet of things. Practice has proved that the establishment of the logical model of the Internet of things system makes up for the deficiency of the application technology of the Internet of things and makes the application system of the Internet of things more perfect. It realizes the real-time sharing of environment and state information between the objects of the Internet of things, and realizes the collection, transmission, processing and application of the Internet of things system.
Mechanism Modeling and Simulink Simulation Analysis of Digital Hydraulic Cylinder
Authors: Ma Changlin , Li Feng , Hao Lin , Han Yangyang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Based on the structure of the digital hydraulic cylinder and the principle of closed-loop control, the mechanism models of the stepper motor and the spool mechanism, the three-way spool valve, and the hydraulic cylinder are established respectively, and the overall mathematical model of the digital hydraulic cylinder is synthesized, and its Simulink simulation model is constructed. The stability and positioning accuracy of the system are analyzed. The results show that the error of this type of digital hydraulic cylinder is 0.0142mm for 1mm action and 0.0182mm for 2mm action. At the same time, it is found that the fluctuation of oil supply pressure will cause system jitter and reducing the frequency of stepper motor can improve the positioning accuracy of the cylinder.
Dynamic Three-Way Concept Learning Model Based on PS-Rough Set
Authors: Zhang Chunying , Gao Ruiyan , Liu Lu , Qiao Peng , Feng Xiaoze , Ren Jing 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The PS-rough set adds the dynamic characteristics of the elements moving in and moving out of the set, and introduces it into the three-way concept learning, and establishes the dynamic three-way concept learning model based on the PS-rough set. Firstly, the related definitions of dynamic three-way concept learning are introduced, and the calculation method of conditional probability function is given. Secondly, the related dynamic characteristics of the dynamic three-way concept learning model are proposed and proved, and the dynamic three-way concept learning algorithm is given, and the validity of the algorithm are verified by an example. Finally, the dynamic three-way concept learning model solves the dynamic change problem of the sample subset, reduces the computation of the probability of the condition, and gives a simple three-way concept division method.
Data Computing Model and Software Development for Construction Setting-out of Line Curve
Authors: Zhou Mingduan , Ma Bohong , Wang Miao , Zhang Wenyao , Wang Binbin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In view of the fact that the line design is often a cross combination of multi-curves, it is difficult to meet the middle-pile surveying data computing of multi-curves combination for the existing tool software. In this paper, a line pile-point surveying data computing software (LPLS) suitable for multi-curves combination is designed and developed, and the flowchart of software design and development is given. Through the computing and analysis of engineering examples, the main functional modules of LPLS software are verified, and the correct and reliable computing results are obtained.