bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolated Bradycardia During Aneurysmal Clipping: Rebleed or Trigeminocardiac Reflex?
Authors: Singh Nidhi , Jangra Kiran , Regmi Sabina , Singh Apinderpreet 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe most common cause of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage is the rupture of intracranial aneurysm. After initial bleed, the risk of rebleeding is highest in the early postictal period and this rebleed is strongly associated with poor neurological outcome. The major goal of anesthesia in these surgeries is to prevent the rebleed. If rebleeding occurs prior to the craniotomy, it results in the acute rise of intracranial pressure and usually presents as bradycardia and hypertension (Cushing’s reflex). Here we reported a case where rebleeding presented unusually as isolated bradycardia without associated hypertension and was mistaken as trigeminocardiac reflex. The surgeon was informed about the event and they planned to proceed. After craniotomy, despite all the efforts the brain was persistently tight and surgery could not be completed. Postoperative scan showed rebleeding and the patient died after a few days in ICU.We highlighted in this case report the fact that isolated transient bradycardia may also be the presentation of rebleed with closed cranial vault. It is not always necessary to see all the features of Cushing’s traid in every patient. If bradycardia occurs before the craniotomy, the surgeon should be notified, the severity of bleed should be assessed, and further management should be planned according to the severity of bleed.
The learning effects of United Nations simulations in political science classrooms
Authors: Leib Julia , Ruppel Samantha 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHow do active learning environments—by means of simulations—enhance political science students’ learning outcomes regarding different levels of knowledge? This paper examines different UN simulations in political science courses to demonstrate their pedagogical value and provide empirical evidence for their effectiveness regarding three levels of knowledge (factual, procedural and soft skills). Despite comprehensive theoretical claims about the positive effects of active learning environments on learning outcomes, substantial empirical evidence is limited. Here, we focus on simulations to systematically test previous claims and demonstrate their pedagogical value. Model United Nations (MUNs) have been a popular teaching device in political science. To gain comprehensive data about the active learning effects of MUNs, we collect data and evaluate three simulations covering the whole range of simulation characteristics: a short in-class simulation of the UN Security Council, a regional MUN with different committees being simulated, and two delegations to the National Model United Nations, for which the students prepare for 1 year. Comparative results prove that simulations need to address certain characteristics in order to produce extensive learning outcomes. Only comprehensive simulations are able to achieve all envisioned learning outcomes regarding factual and procedural knowledge about the UN and soft skills.
COP1 destabilizes DELLA proteins in
Arabidopsis
Authors: Blanco-Touriñán Noel , Legris Martina , Minguet Eugenio G. , Costigliolo-Rojas Cecilia , Nohales María A. , Iniesto Elisa , García-León Marta , Pacín Manuel , Heucken Nicole , Blomeier Tim , Locascio Antonella , Černý Martin , Esteve-Bruna David , Díez-Díaz Mónica , Brzobohatý Břetislav , Frerigmann Henning , Zurbriggen Matías D. , Kay Steve A. , Rubio Vicente , Blázquez Miguel A. , Casal Jorge J. , Alabadí David 
Published: May 2020

Significance
DELLA proteins are plant-specific transcriptional regulators that act as signaling hubs at the interface between the environment and the transcriptional networks that control growth. The growth-promoting hormone gibberellin destabilizes DELLAs. Here we describe an alternative pathway to destabilize these proteins. We show that DELLAs are substrate of COP1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that increases its activity to promote growth in response to shade or warmth. Our results show that COP1, and not changes in gibberellin levels, mediates the rapid destabilization of DELLAs in response to environmental cues.
Recycling a genre for news automation
Authors: Haapanen Lauri , Leppänen Leo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The amount of available digital data is increasing at a tremendous rate. These data, however, are of limited use
unless converted into a user-friendly form. We took on this task and built a natural language generation (NLG) driven system that
generates journalistic news stories about elections without human intervention. In this paper, after presenting an overview of
state-of-the-art technologies in NLG, we explain systematically how we identified and then recontextualized the determinant
aspects of the genre of an online news story in the algorithm of our NLG software. In the discussion, we introduce the key results
of a user test we carried out and some improvements that these results suggest. Then, after relating the news items that our NLG
system generates to general aspects of genres and their evolution, we conclude by questioning the idea that journalistic NLG
systems should mimic journalism written by humans. Instead, we suggest that developmental work in the field of news automation
should aim to create a new genre based on the inherent strengths of NLG. Finally, we present a few suggestions as to what this
genre could include.
Quoting to persuade
Authors: Cope Jen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper examines how quotations are linguistically constructed by expert contributors in US, UK, and Australian opinion texts, vis-à-vis their form, function, and processes. Cope’s (2016) study found that authoritative expert contributors integrated a considerable number of quotations on blame and responsibility for the global financial crisis in single-authored US, UK, and Australian opinion texts. By examining the form, function, and processes of quoting in this paper, she found evidence that quoting is an intertextual form of positioning. Empirically grounded linguistic analyses investigate the language of quoting frames – how the quoted source is specified, the quoting verb used, e.g., strong meanings (demanded, thundered, promised) or neutral (said, told) – and evaluate the language of propositional content in quotations. Such analyses reveal authorial positions taken in quoting. A greater number of quotations incorporated by general newspaper opinion authors, than by specialized financial newspaper opinion authors, furthermore implies that quoting increases a writer’s authority in non-specialized media sources. The specially created integrated linguistic framework draws on Martin & White’s (2005) Appraisal system from systemic-functional linguistics, White’s (2012, 2015) attribution and endorsement, and Bazerman’s (2004) intertextuality techniques. Contextual factors in language use and quoting are evaluated throughout. This paper thus provides evidence of, and implications for, quoting in cross-cultural opinion texts, and contributes to knowledge on the increasingly mediatized practice of language recycling and to media literacy.
Bidirectional transfers of the ditransitive construction in Chinese
Authors: Shi Yuzhi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Chinese ditransitive construction expresses the ‘bidirectional’ transfers: the movement of the patient either (a) from the subject to indirect object or (b) from the indirect object to subject, a feature that has not been identified in other languages. This construction is thus different from the ditransitive construction in English and other languages whose ditransitive constructions can express only a ‘single-direction’ transfer: the movement of the patient from the subject to indirect object only. This article addresses the reason for the unusual functions of the ditransitive construction in Chinese. A parallel difference between these two languages is found in the semantic structures of those ditransitive verbs: Chinese coins a single verb to express the same type of ‘transfer’ action with opposite directions, but English usually invents two distinct verbs to denote the two antonymous meanings whose directions are opposite; e.g., the Chinese verbjièsubsumes the meanings of bothborrowandlendin English. This article argues that the different meanings of the ditransitive constructions of Chinese and English result from the different conceptualizations of their ditransitive verbs. In construction grammar, the following question remains unanswered: where does the meaning of the construction come from? The present analysis provides evidence that the meanings of the verbs within the construction are capable of determining the meaning/function of the whole construction.
The overt pronoun penalty for plural anaphors in Spanish
Authors: Gelormini-Lezama Carlos 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In null-subject languages, sentences with singular overt pronouns are read more slowly than sentences with singular null pronouns when the referent is prominent (Gelormini-Lezama & Almor, 2011). In a self-paced reading task, we tested 20 Spanish speakers to examine whether this processing delay extends to plural pronouns. Each item consisted of two sentences. The first sentence introduced two arguments with the same or different thematic roles. The second sentence contained a plural (null or overt) pronoun. Results showed that sentences with overt pronouns were read significantly more slowly than sentences with null pronouns, only when the two arguments had the same thematic role. This plural overt pronoun penalty heavily depends on semantic rather than on purely syntactic factors.
On the origins of Portuguese para form variation
Authors: Gradoville Michael 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study explores the origins of Brazilian Portuguese para ‘to, for’ form variation using sociophonetic analytic techniques to test various properties of the unreduced para variant. While the pra variant was suggested to have originated from an intertonic syncope process, the finding in this study that unreduced para is produced with lexical stress calls such an origin into question. Since unreduced para o tends to be produced lacking the second /a/, para + Article’s low reduction rate to pra in previous studies may be a consequence of its participation in a word-boundary reduction process. Reduction of para to pra therefore appears to be a case of special reduction that emerged for para to reduce a syllable in other contexts.
Narrative affordances
Authors: Noy Chaim 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMuseums offer rich material environments for studying narration as jointly accomplished by institutions and audiences. Following the narrative and participatory turns museums have taken, the research explores the narrative actions audiences’ texts perform vis-à-vis museums’ narrations. It examines audience participation in two history museums, as elicited by response vehicles – onsite media that serve to invite and capture audience written responses. The research argues that museum response vehicles offer narrative affordances and entitlements, which shape how audiences negotiate participation as publicly documented and displayed. Comparative findings indicate that participation is shaped by response vehicles’ spatio-material affordances, including how brief textual segments function as audience-based contributions in and to the historical narration. A range of audience-generated narrative actions, entitlements, and speech acts are discerned and discussed, which typically conform with, but sometimes ‘override’, museums’ affordances. These narrative actions shed light on the mechanics, politics and policies of public narration and agency.
The role of interdialectal forms in the formation of koinai
Authors: Almeida Suarez Manuel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The study of the changes that are taking place in European dialects reveals the existence of opposing tendencies: convergent, leading to homogenisation, and divergent, promoting diversity. This paper aims to analyse a case of dialect divergence in a speech community in the Canary Islands through the study of a series of linguistic and social factors that constrain the alternation between two phonetic forms: the lax and tense variants of the plosive palatal /c/, lax /c/ being the traditional form and tense /c/ being the innovative variant. The new form, [cʃ], can be considered as an interdialectal or hybrid variant, since it contains features from the corresponding standard form, /tʃ/, and the vernacular one, /c/. The analysis of sociolinguistic factors enables a more precise understanding of the way in which the hybrid variant contributes to delaying the language homogenisation observed in other levels of the dialect.
Towards a better understanding of breeding objectives and production performance of dairy cattle in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chawala A.R. , Mwai A.O , Peters A. , Banos G. , Chagunda M.G.G. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine breeding objectives and the impact of production systems and breed types on dairy cattle performance in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). A total of 64 research studies published between 1980 and 2018 were used for qualitative analysis (qualitative synthesis) of farmers’, scientists’ and institutional dairy trait preferences. Meta-analysis was conducted to examine the production and reproduction performance of dairy cattle in smallholder and large-scale dairy production systems. Most data used were from smallholder farmers (60%), with the remainder from large-scale farms. Linear mixed-effect models were used to estimate marginal means of production and reproduction traits for different breed types in both production systems. Overall, the results showed that there was a higher emphasis on breeding for improved fertility, increased milk yield and disease resistance. Milk content (fat and protein percentages), temperament, body conformation and total milk cell count (a mastitis indicator) were rarely mentioned in published literature, mainly because of milk pricing policies being volume based. Frequency and multivariate analyses (cluster data analysis) for desirable animal traits suggested that multiple breeding objectives are needed, based on the perceived goals of different farmers and institutions towards genetic improvement for production, reproduction, disease resistance and functional and animal welfare traits. Regardless of the breed type, commercial large-scale farms had a higher milk yield (2857.0 ± 233.3) compared with smallholder dairy farms (2419.8 ± 617.39). Estimated marginal means for lactation milk yield of the three breed types Holstein-Friesian, non-Holstein-Friesian dairy breeds (Jersey, Guernsey, Red Dane, Brown Swiss and Ayrshire) and cross-breds (
Bos taurus x Bos indicus
) were 3148.5 ± 433.00, 2995.6 ± 456.36 and 1771.1 ± 328.52, respectively. Significantly shorter age at first calving and shorter calving intervals were observed in large-scale farms in comparison to smallholder farms (
p
< 0.05). No significant differences were noted for age at first calving, calving interval, days open and number of services per conception between the breed types. In conclusion, the present study suggests that (i) improvement of dairy cattle has focused on reproduction, production and disease resistance traits, reflecting the breeding objectives of farmers, scientists and institutions involved in dairy production; (ii) genetics plays a large role in increased dairy productivity in SSA and (iii) future dairy research should emphasise on the interactions between improved feeding, disease control and genetics at a production level to inform profitable combinations of dairy traits.
The broiler chicken production value chain in Nigeria between needs and policy: situation analysis, action plan for development, and lessons for other developing countries
Authors: Oloso Nurudeen Olalekan , Smith Peter William , Adeyemo Ismail Adewuyi , Odeokun Ismail Ayoade , Isola Tajudeen Opeyemi , Fasanmi Olubunmi Gabriel , Fasina Folorunso Oludayo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Poultry production is important in Nigeria and other developing economies, mainly because it provides much-needed employment and is crucial for food security. The Nigerian broiler production system is relatively disorganized and its structures are relatively undefined due to a dearth of information. Broiler industry’s development depends on some factors including input–output systems, stable policies, focused development plans, competitive marketing, and cutting-edge technologies. To understand these factors, the industry’s policy review, field survey, and market analysis were carried out. Findings confirmed that policy was inconsistent and inadequate, prices of local products were higher than those of smuggled (illegal imports) comparative products and local producers were under pressure internally because the input–output system put additional stress on the system with attendant high risks of food safety and security. While the Nigerian broiler industry has tremendous potential for expansion, stakeholders’ engagement in policy formulation and implementation, a systematic national development plan, updates of redundant laws and regulations, and an overall improvement in biosecurity including the determination of critical control points are necessary. Similarly, cross-national and trans-border synergistic activities should be engaged by regulators, and it is important to engage comparative adaptive research to draw benefits from other developing countries with functional and developed broiler industries, which should benefit the Nigeria broiler industry.
Orphan crops in Burkina Faso and Niger: a systematic review
Authors: Bilali Hamid El 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Humanity faces unprecedented, interlinked challenges to achieve sustainable development (e.g., climate change, food and nutrition insecurity, livelihoods vulnerability and poverty, biodiversity loss, and ecosystem degradation). Orphan crops (i.e., neglected and underutilized species) are put forward by many scholars and practitioners to address these challenges, especially in developing countries of the Global South. However, the development of orphan crops requires investments in research and innovation. Therefore, this paper analyses the landscape of research dealing with orphan crops in Burkina Faso and Niger. The systematic review—drawing upon a search carried out on Scopus in November 2019—provides an overview on both the bibliographical metrics (journals, subject areas, authors, institutions, countries, and funding) and the topics addressed (species, food chain stages, climate change, food security and nutrition, and livelihoods). Available scholarly literature focuses on the production stage and on biological sciences; social sciences and economics are underserved. The review shows that although orphan crops are resilient, nutritious, and adapted to marginal agro-ecosystems, research dealing with them is still marginal and at an early stage of development in both countries. Therefore, the paper highlights the urgent need to strengthen research on orphan crops within the Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation Systems (AKIS) of both countries. For that, both domestic funding and international support are needed to implement a long-term agenda for research and development on these crops.
CD142 plays an important role in the mobility of colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Gao Qin , Chen Zhongbiao , He Yang , Hou Zhibin , Ye Ruifeng , Xue Wanlin , Lin Jiahui , Tu Xiaohuang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
CD142 promotes cell mobility, which contributes to carcinogenesis. However, the role of CD142 on colorectal cancer (CRC) mobility is unclear. This study showed that CD142 expression increased in CRC tissues, especially in those with invasion or metastasis. The positive sorting or overexpression of CD142 promoted the invasion and migration of CRC cells. Overall, CD142 may be responsible for CRC mobility.
A rapid and high-accuracy rotation alignment method based on bidirectional process for dual-axis rotational inertial navigation system
Authors: Xu Changshen , Miao Lingjuan , Zhou Zhiqiang , Lin Yusen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
For the alignment in rotational inertial navigation system (RINS), which takes velocity errors of the navigation calculation as the filter measurements, the velocity error term caused by the coupling of the accelerometer’s inner lever arms (ILAs) and the gimbals’ angular motion will lead to a decline in the alignment accuracy. In view of that, a simplified model of the ILAs is proposed firstly in combination with the specific dual-axis rotation scheme, and then the ILAs are extended into state variables for filtering estimation, thereby improving the alignment accuracy. On this basis, in order to further improve the alignment rapidity, the bidirectional process-based rotation alignment method for dual-axis RINS is proposed in this paper. The bidirectional process, which combines the backward-forward RINS calculation and the backward-forward Kalman filtering, makes the best use of the stored IMU data repeatedly and is able to quickly obtain the IMU attitude matrix for RINS. The simulations and experiments show that the proposed bidirectional process-based rotation alignment method is able to accomplish the rapid and accurate alignment for the dual-axis RINS.
Control of mobile chaotic agents with jump-based connection adaption strategy
Authors: Zhou Jie , Zhou Yinzuo , Xiao Gaoxi , Stanley H Eugene 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The connection adaption strategy (CAS) has been proposed for the synchronization of networked mobile chaotic agents, which is considered to be a simpler scheme compared to commonly used coupling adaption strategies. However, this strategy only provides a limited range of feasible coupling strength allowing a success control. In this paper, we develop the CAS by introducing a jump process to resolve this problem. We show that the proposed approach systematically outperforms the original CAS in the whole range of the mobility and the range of feasible coupling strength is extensively expanded. In addition, we show that motion of the agents could be classified into three different regimes. The dynamical features of these motion regimes are analyzed and relevant measures are provided to characterize the controllability of the network in each regime.
Comparative Investigations onthe Main Elements of Carbon Fiber Based Composites Using Computational Structural Simulations
Authors: Raj Kumar G , Vijayanandh R , Venkatesan K , Ramesh M , Senthil Kumar M , Balaji S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A numerical investigation on main elements of composite material could provide the clear view on the selection of main elements for the construction of composites. The lifetime of composite material is basically depends upon the chemistry between reinforcement and matrix. Also, the improvements of properties in composite are based on the main elements. Therefore the comparative studies on main elements of composite could provide suitable components for composite, which have the high capability to provide high mechanical properties. In this work, a dog-bone shape test specimen is selected as fundamental component, which is modeled with the help of Design Modeller 16.2. Utterly, 25 test specimens are constructed depends on the fiber directional angle of the reinforcements for structural analysis. The numerical simulations on 40 specimens are executed completely and then comparative analyses are carried out. Finally, after the comparison, both reinforcement and matrix are optimized for tensile loading conditions.