bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial impact of the Semarang old town revitalization: the emergence of formal and informal space
Authors: Dewi S P , Susanti R , Wungo G L 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Old Town is a historic area and also a highly prospective tourism destination in Semarang city. Beforehand, this area faced some problems such as tidal flood, costly building maintenance, and high building taxes. As a result, many historic buildings are abandoned by their owners and become unkempt. Responding to this, the government decided to revitalize the Old Town areas, focusing on physical improvements like fixing roads, drainage, and adding infrastructure. This revitalization transforms the area’s spatial use, allowing more activities convened on the site. However, this transformation also triggers irregular space usage and informal space. In this study, we emphasize the emergence of formal and informal areas due to revitalization. It is essential to find out the emergence of these spaces as part of spatial management. We start by identifying elements in the revitalization process, comparing the land and space utilization before and after revitalization, and analyze its impact on the emergence of formal and informal spaces. We will collect the data through field observations, interviews, and literature review, and we utilize descriptive analysis and geographic information systems as a method of analysis. The results show that revitalization is indeed changing space utilization. Informal activities such as illegal dwellings, cockfights, prostitution, illegal street vendors, and unlawful parking are no longer present in the Old Town area. Informal activities have changed into formal activities as Semarang City Government provides avenues for service providers, pedestrians, and traders to utilize the space.
Toll road development impact on tourism sector: macro and micro analyses
Authors: Andani I G A , Rahayu L , Iscahyono A F , Desiana R 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of toll road development on tourism growth in the traversed area, using a case study in the Jakarta and Bandung region the largest urban area in Indonesia. In doing so, firstly, we carried out a statistical analysis on the data of economic indicators and regional tourism travel trends. Lastly, we estimated an ordinal logit model on leisure trip frequency via a toll road based on a household survey among 1,188 respondents who live in the proximity of toll gates. Our analysis showed that there is a correlation between the development of toll roads and the increased tourism activities in the area traversed by the toll roads. This finding is supported by the estimation results of the ordinal logit model that the closer the residential location of a respondent to a toll gate, the respondent would be more frequent to travel via a toll road. Despite the benefit that comes with toll roads, this study also highlights that its development should address its equity implications, which is the distribution of benefits across different segments of income.
Place branding as the development of thematic city digital era
Authors: Sutriadi R , Rashad I , Ramadhan A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Thematic emphasize developing the identity of a city. It is inseparable from the city’s resources, including the historical and cultural side, and the development of science describes civilization in a city. Based on the perspective of planners, consideration of sustainable development should be an essential part of the development of a thematic city, as well as the transformation of the community by solving various urban problems with innovative approaches. The intended changes are not to encourage people to have an urban style, rather than a sustainable development style with a variety of innovations in collaboration with the development of science, technological advancements, and stakeholders in the city. A city branding developed to increase the attractiveness of a city, then. Then the considerations of thematic city development basic that lead to the sustainability of a regional development theme and anticipate negative impacts should be an integral part of developing a network of cities and the discussion of city-level branding. These works discuss a more extensive literature review using the term place branding through which this term can be used in the context of island towns or coastal cities or small islands.
A novel material measure for characterising two-dimensional instrument transfer functions of areal surface topography measuring instruments
Authors: Dai Gaoliang , Jiao Ziyang , Xiang Lanting , Seeger Benedikt , Weimann Thomas , Xie Weichang , Tutsch Rainer 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A new material measure for characterising two-dimensional (2D) instrument transfer functions (ITF) of areal surface topography measuring instruments has been designed, manufactured, calibrated and applied. Several innovative ideas are implemented in its design. Firstly, the material measure is designed with circular structure patterns. Such rotational symmetric patterns are advantageous for characterising the ITF in different angular directions, thus for characterising angular-dependent asymmetries of instruments. Secondly, different types of patterns are designed: circular chirp (CC) pattern and circular discreate grating (CDG) pattern. They represent different kinds of spatial signals applicable for characterising ITFs. A material measure consists of 25 different circular patterns with radii from 30 μm to 300 μm, and wavelengths from 0.1 μm to 150 μm. These patterns can be applied complementary and combinedly, offering high application flexibility for calibrating a variety of instruments, e.g. with different optical objectives from 5× to 100× and with different sizes of field of view (FOV). Material measures with heights of 8 nm, 16 nm and 32 nm, respectively, have been manufactured using state-of-the-art e-beam lithography technique. The feature heights are far less than λ/4, thus they are suitable for characterising the ITF of optical tools which can be approximated as linear systems. A metrological large range atomic force microscope (AFM) has been applied in the calibration of the developed material measure, showing good feature quality. The calibrated material measure has been successfully applied in research and industry.
Enhanced field emission properties From plasma treated Ti3C2Tx (MXene) emitters
Authors: Hong X D , Zheng H R , Liang D 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
MXenes are an emerging family of 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides and have already shown potential in various applications. However, up to now, studies on the field emission application of MXenes are scarce. In this study, the field emitters based on the Ti3C2Tx (MXene) flakes were prepared by facile solution process and the effect of different plasmas (H2, Ar, O2) on the field emission properties of Ti3C2Tx films was investigated. The plasma treated Ti3C2Tx films showed significantly better field emission properties than that of as-deposited Ti3C2Tx films. Compared to the Ar and O2 plasma treated Ti3C2Tx films, the H2 plasma treated Ti3C2Tx films displayed lower turn-on field (8.5 V/μm) and larger maximum current density (1222 μA cm−2). The H2 plasma treated Ti3C2Tx films also showed good emission stability. These results suggested the potential of the H2 plasma treated Ti3C2Tx films as electron source of vacuum electronic devices.
The necessity of using deep inspiration breath-hold in the radiotherapy of left breast cancer patients who undergo the UK FAST trial
Authors: Hafez Abdelrahman , Abdelaziz Dina M , Khalil Magdy M , El-Nagdy Mohamed S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Aim
: The purpose of the current study was to compare between deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) and free-breathing (FB) method in the setup reproducibility and to perform a dosimetric comparison between both methods in left-sided breast cancer patients who undergo the UK FAST trial.
Materials and methods
: The online matching correction data were retrospectively collected for 50 patients treated with the FAST trial. They were equally divided into DIBH and FB groups to compare between both methods in the setup reproducibility and create the appropriate planning target volume (PTV) margin. Ten patients out of the fifty were scanned in DIBH and FB to perform a dosimetric comparison with the strict acceptance criteria of the FAST trial.
Results
: All heart dosimetric parameters of the DIBH was significantly lower than that of FB (p < 0.001), and the lung V30% of DIBH plans was significantly lower than FB plans (p = 0.03). There was no statistically significant difference between the two methods in the other organs at risk doses. To fulfill the heart and lung constraints in FB plans, the PTV V90% was reduced by 3.4%, and three plans would not attain the PTV acceptance criteria. There was no significant difference between the systematic or random setup errors between both methods except the left-right random shift was significantly lower in DIBH cases (p = 0.004). The calculated PTV margins were (4 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm) for DIBH group, and (5 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm) for FB group in the anterior-posterior, superior-inferior, and left-right shifts, respectively.
Conclusion
: It is highly warranted to treat left-sided breast cancer patients with the DIBH technique when the UK FAST trial is employed for treatment.
Local enhanced site in surface enhanced infrared absorption with gold nano particle array by Rigorous coupled-wave analysis
Authors: Mitobe Daichi , Suzuki Yushi , Shimada Toru 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Surface enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) is a phenomenon by which infrared absorption of molecules adsorbed onto metal evaporated films is greatly enhanced. To clarify the enhancement mechanism in the evaporated films, we simulated the distribution of the enhancement field between Au nano-square columns by rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA). No maximum enhancement was observed on the particle surface. This result demonstrates that the first layer effect is not dominant for the increase in this system of columns. Furthermore, the enhanced field oscillates periodically between the particles. This periodic oscillation is not plasmon behavior seen in the visible region. Results indicate the existence of enhancement mechanisms other than plasmons and indicate the possibility that the interference effect enhances infrared absorption.
Recent progress in nanophotosensitizers for advanced photodynamic therapy of cancer
Authors: Yang Yamin , Wang Hongjun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Owing to their unique photophysical and physicochemical properties, nanoscale photosensitizers (nano-PSs) comprising nanocarriers and molecular photosensitizers (PSs) have emerged as the practical solutions to circumvent current limitations in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer. Nanosized materials have demonstrated their superiority either as the delivery vehicles for PSs to enhance the therapeutic efficacy in selective PDT or as the active participants to improve the energy conversion under a near-infrared light for deep tumour treatment. In this mini-review, we provide an overview of recent progress on nano-PSs for advanced PDT by elaborating three key elements in the photodynamic reaction, i.e. PS, oxygen, and light. Specifically, we discuss the state-of-the-art design of nano-PSs via the following strategies: (a) intracellular PS delivery based on hierarchical modifications, (b) stimuli-responsive nano-PSs targeting the tumour microenvironment, and (c) improved photophysical characteristics of nano-PSs as the energy transducers under deep tissue-penetrating light irradiation. In addition, the utilities of nano-PSs for combinatory therapy or for theragnostic purposes were also discussed. In the end, the current challenges and future perspectives of nano-PSs towards clinical translation were also highlighted along with the concluding remarks.
Design of a connector for fault detection in eye bolts used as insulator anchorages
Authors: Filho H V H Silva , S Coutinho Marcelo , T de Melo M , M F de Oliveira E , Tarragô Vinícius L , R G S Lourenco Novo Lauro , M da Silva L , N Fraga Fabio 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Eye bolts are part of a system used to anchor electrical insulators in substations and on transmission lines, connected by concrete structures. Structural failures in these devices may lead to service interruption, financial losses and risks for the general population. In this article, we propose a signal adapter capable of applying and receiving high frequency signals to a portable vector network analyzer for the eye bolt. The technique consists of injecting high frequency signals into the samples in order to detect their integrity and analyzing their return loss (S11), using the principle of reflection and transmission lines. Should the eye bolt present a failure, the ∣S11∣ response is changed, thereby enabling its detection. The development of the adapter, for both intact and defective bolt models, was based on electromagnetic simulation models using the Ansys HFSS program. The measurements were made with models of real bolts presenting approximate wear, in order to validate the simulations.
Machine learning based quantification of synchrotron radiation-induced x-ray fluorescence measurements—a case study
Authors: Rakotondrajoa A , Radtke M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this work, we describe the use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the quantification of x-ray fluorescence measurements. The training data were generated using Monte Carlo simulation, which avoided the use of adapted reference materials. The extension of the available dataset by means of an ANN to generate additional data was demonstrated. Particular emphasis was put on the comparability of simulated and experimental data and how the influence of deviations can be reduced. The search for the optimal hyperparameter, manual and automatic, is also described. For the presented case, we were able to train a network with a mean absolute error of 0.1 weight percent for the synthetic data and 0.7 weight percent for a set of experimental data obtained with certified reference materials.
Quantitative cardiovascular magnetic resonance myocardial perfusion mapping to assess hyperaemic response to adenosine stress
Authors: Kotecha Tushar , Monteagudo Juan Manuel , Martinez-Naharro Ana , Chacko Liza , Brown James , Knight Daniel , Knott Kristopher D , Hawkins Philip , Moon James C , Plein Sven , Xue Hui , Kellman Peter , Lockie Tim , Patel Niket , Rakhit Roby , Fontana Marianna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Aims
Assessment of hyperaemia during adenosine stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) remains a clinical challenge with lack of a gold-standard non-invasive clinical marker to confirm hyperaemic response. This study aimed to validate maximum stress myocardial blood flow (SMBF) measured using quantitative perfusion mapping for assessment of hyperaemic response and compare this to current clinical markers of adenosine stress.

Methods and results
Two hundred and eighteen subjects underwent adenosine stress CMR. A derivation cohort (22 volunteers) was used to identify a SMBF threshold value for hyperaemia. This was tested in a validation cohort (37 patients with suspected coronary artery disease) who underwent invasive coronary physiology assessment on the same day as CMR. A clinical cohort (159 patients) was used to compare SMBF to other physiological markers of hyperaemia [splenic switch-off (SSO), heart rate response (HRR), and blood pressure (BP) fall]. A minimum SMBF threshold of 1.43 mL/g/min was derived from volunteer scans. All patients in the coronary physiology cohort demonstrated regional maximum SMBF (SMBFmax) &gt;1.43 mL/g/min and invasive evidence of hyperaemia. Of the clinical cohort, 93% had hyperaemia defined by perfusion mapping compared to 71% using SSO and 81% using HRR. There was no difference in SMBFmax in those with or without SSO (2.58 ± 0.89 vs. 2.54 ± 1.04 mL/g/min, P = 0.84) but those with HRR had significantly higher SMBFmax (2.66 1.86 mL/g/min, P &lt; 0.001). HRR &gt;15 bpm was superior to SSO in predicting adequate increase in SMBF (AUC 0.87 vs. 0.62, P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
Adenosine-induced increase in myocardial blood flow is accurate for confirmation of hyperaemia during stress CMR studies and is superior to traditional, clinically used markers of adequate stress such as SSO and BP response.
Upgrade of cardiac resynchronization therapy by utilizing additional His-bundle pacing in patients with inotrope-dependent end-stage heart failure: a case series
Authors: Baba Masako , Yoshida Kentaro , Hanaki Yuichi , Yamamoto Masayoshi , Shinoda Yasutoshi , Takeyasu Noriyuki , Nogami Akihiko 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
His-bundle pacing (HBP) alone may become an alternative to conventional cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) utilizing right ventricular apical (RVA) and left ventricular (LV) pacing (BiVRVA+LV) in selected patients, but the effects of CRT utilizing HBP and LV pacing (BiVHB+LV) on cardiac resynchronization and heart failure (HF) are unclear.

Case summary
We presented two patients with inotrope-dependent end-stage HF in whom the upgrade from conventional BiVRVA+LV to BiVHB+LV pacing by the addition of a lead for HBP improved their HF status. Patient 1 was a 32-year-old man with lamin A/C cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, and complete atrioventricular (AV) block. Patient 2 was a 70-year-old man with ischaemic cardiomyopathy complicated by AV block and worsening of HF resulting from ablation for ventricular tachycardia storm. The HF status of both patients improved dramatically following the upgrade from BiVRVA+LV to BiVHB+LV pacing.

Discussion
End-stage HF patients suffer from diffuse intraventricular conduction defect not only in the LV but also in the right ventricle (RV). The resulting dyssynchrony may not be sufficiently corrected by conventional BiVRVA+LV pacing or HBP alone. Right ventricular apical pacing itself may also impair RV synchrony. An upgrade to BiVHB+LV pacing could be beneficial in patients who become non-responsive to conventional BiV pacing as the His–Purkinje conduction defect progresses.
Nicotine e-vaping and cardiovascular consequences: a case series and literature review
Authors: Jessri Maryam , Sultan Ahmed S , Magdy Emad , Hynes Niamh , Sultan Sherif 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular toxicity as a consequence of nicotine from conventional tobacco cigarette smoking is well documented. However, little is known about the cardiovascular consequences of nicotine e-vaping. We review the literature and report a case series of three cases of major adverse cardiovascular clinical effects post nicotine e-vaping.

Case summary
Three patients with known peripheral arterial disease who switched from heavy cigarette smoking consumption to a high-intensity dose of nicotine e-vaping all developed further arterial complications within 6–30 months.

Discussion
With the recent epidemic of e-vaping in young individuals and the national outbreak of e-vaping use-associated lung injury (EVALI), the dangers of e-vaping are now coming to light. The pulmonary effects are now well described, and this paper highlights three new cases of cardiovascular toxicity associated with e-vaping. The potential role of nicotine e-vaping and the risk of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) will also be discussed.
The clicking chest: what exactly did Hamman hear? A case report of a left-sided pneumothorax
Authors: Jimidar Nadeem , Lauwers Patrick , Govaerts Emmanuela , Claeys Marc 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Hamman’s sign is a rare phenomenon. Louis Hamman described this pathognomonic clicking chest noise in association with pneumomediastinum in 1937. This typical noise can also be present in left-sided pneumothorax. Clinical cases already mention this pericardial knock in 1918 in gunshot wounds of the left chest and in 1928 in cases of spontaneous left-sided pneumothorax. However, the sound itself has only rarely been recorded.

Case summary
We describe a case of a young man with no significant medical history who was referred to the hospital with chest pain and audible clicks, documented with his smartphone. Imaging studies including chest radiograph and computed tomography scan revealed a left-sided pneumothorax. The patient underwent semi-urgent insertion of a thorax drain. His clinical outcome was excellent.

Discussion
In recent years only a few case reports describe Hamman’s sign, as it is rare and happens only transiently. This case report includes the audible clicks recorded by the patient with his smartphone. We stress the importance of thoracic clicking sounds as key symptom in the differential diagnosis of left-sided pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and valvular pathology such as mitral valve prolapse.
Aortic dissection during transoesophageal echocardiography: a case report
Authors: Hoshina Rin , Kishima Hideyuki , Mine Takanao , Ishihara Masaharu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) is a safe and useful tool. In our case, we are presenting a rare case of a patient with aortic dissection during TOE procedure.

Case summary
A 79-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for recurrent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) with palpitation. Pre-procedural cardiac computed tomography (CT) showed slight dilated ascending aorta (maximum diameter: 40 mm). We decided to perform catheter ablation (CA) for AF, and recommended TOE before the CA because she had a CHADS2 score of 4. On the day before the CA, TOE was performed. Her physical examinations at the time of TOE procedure were unremarkable. At 3 min after probe insertion, there was no abnormal finding of the ascending aorta. At 5 min after the insertion, TOE showed ascending aortic dissection without pericardial effusion. After waking, she had severe back pain and underwent a contrast-enhanced CT. Computed tomography demonstrated Stanford type A aortic dissection extending from the aortic root to the bifurcation of common iliac arteries, and tight stenosis in the right coronary artery (maximum diameter; 49 mm). The patient underwent a replacement of the ascending aorta, and a coronary artery bypass graft surgery for the right coronary artery.

Discussion
Transoesophageal echocardiography would have to be performed under sufficient sedation with continuous blood pressure monitoring in patients who have risk factors of aortic dissection. The risk–benefit of TOE must be considered before a decision is made. Depending on the situation, another modality instead of TOE might be required.
Chryseobacterium bacteraemia in a patient with heart failure: case report and literature review
Authors: Wood Taylor , Abbate Antonio , Tchoukina Inna , Stevens Michael P 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
A 29-year-old male with recently diagnosed biventricular failure from myopericarditis and subsequent constrictive pericarditis on home milrinone presented to the Emergency Department with fevers/chills.

Case summary
On arrival to the Emergency Department, he was found to have septic shock and required vasopressor therapy. Chryseobacterium indologenes grew on his admission blood cultures, and he was treated with ciprofloxacin and piperacillin/tazobactam. He quickly improved, allowing for a successful pericardiectomy, was weaned off inotropes and discharged from the hospital.

Discussion
Chryseobacterium indologenes is an environmental Gram-negative rod found in groundwater. It is rarely associated with human infection, but is associated with indwelling lines and has been documented in immunocompromised patients. Treatment typically involves line removal and a fluoroquinolone or piperacillin/tazobactam; the most optimal antimicrobial regimen and duration of treatment are unknown.