bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH INTERAKTIF ANTARA FAKTOR INDIVIDUAL DAN KONDISI INSTITUSIONAL TERHADAP ENTREPRENEURIAL ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Susanti Riana , Adji Askardiya Radmoyo 
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the direct influence of individual factors including individuals’ income and individual education levels on entrepreneurial engagement, as well as the influence of institutional conditions, including government policy and universities supports on the relationship between individual factors and individuals’ entrepreneurial engagement. Cross sectional study was used to test the research hypotheses. The data was collected through questionnaires which were distributed to Members of Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry in Jakarta where the industries and investment activities are centralized. A random sample of 345 members was used to collect the data. The response rate was 91%. The results show a significant positive direct effect of individual factors on the entrepreneurial engagement. Institutional conditions, including government policy and universities supports, have a positive effect on the relationship between individual factors and entrepreneurial engagement. This research is useful for prospective entrepreneurs in Indonesia so that they can utilize the resources they have in the entrepreneurial engagement process. Likewise it will help the institutional parties that influence the process of entrepreneurial engagement in creating entrepreneurial atmosphere and culture.
Keywords: Individual Factors, Institutional Conditions, Entrepreneurial Engagement, Entrepreneurship in Indonesia

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menyelidiki pengaruh langsung faktor individual, meliputi tingkat pendapatan dan pendidikan individu terhadap entrepreneurial engagement, termasuk pengaruh kondisi institusional, meliputi kebijakan pemerintah dan dukungan universitas, terhadap hubungan antara faktor individual dan entrepreneurial engagement. Studi cross sectional digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang didistribusikan kepada anggota Kadin Jakarta dimana kegiatan industri dan investasi terpusat. Sampel acak sebanyak 345 anggota digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Tingkat respon sebanyak 91%. Hasil menunjukkan pengaruh langsung faktor individual signifikan positif terhadap entrepreneurial engagement. Kondisi institusional, meliputi kebijakan pemerintah dan dukungan universitas berpengaruh positif dalam hubungan antara faktor individual dan entrepreneurial engagement. Penelitian ini berguna untuk calon wirausaha di Indonesia sehingga mereka dapat memanfaatkan sumber daya yang dimiliki dalam proses entrepreneurial engagement. Begitu juga akan membantu pihak insitusional yang mempengaruhi proses entrepreneurial engagement dalam penciptaan suasana dan budaya kewirausahaan.
Kata Kunci: Faktor Individual, Kondisi Institusional, Entrepreneurial Engagement, Kewirausahaan di Indonesia
Design of a Wood Cutting Machine
Authors: Hodgyai Norbert , Gergely Attila 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The price of firewood has increased substantially in the last couple of years due to the high volume of export. The branches and smaller diameter pieces are considered leftovers and are not exportable, however they are suitable as firewood. Chainsaws are used to cut the larger diameter wood, but this way is not efficient for cutting up branches and smaller diameter wood pieces. In this paper we present the structure, working principle and the 3D model of a machine that can be used to chop smaller diameter wood branches in a simple and efficient way.
ПРОДОЛЖИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ И ИНТЕНСИВНОСТЬ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ КОРОВ С РАЗНЫМ ВОЗРАСТОМ И ЖИВОЙ МАССОЙ ПРИ ПЕРВОМ ОТЕЛЕ
Authors: KOMKOV D.G. , KERTIEV R.M. , KERTIEVA N.M. 
Published: December 2019

Приведены результаты исследований продолжительности и интенсивности использования коров голштинской породы с разным возрастом и живой массой при первом отеле, являющиеся показателями физиологической зрелости и готовности организма к последующему продуктивному периоду жизни. Наиболее продолжительный продуктивный период выявлен у коров с возрастом первого отела 2427 мес., средние значения которых составляют 3,33,4 отела. Указанные группы коров отличаются более высоким уровнем пожизненной продуктивности и интенсивностью использования на единицу времени всей жизни и продуктивного периода. Продуктивное долголетие коров имеет тенденцию к повышению с увеличением массы тела при первом отеле. Наиболее продолжительные сроки хозяйственного использования выявлены у животных с живой массой при первом отеле 450500 кг, продуктивный период которых на 115234 дня, или на 0,40,6 лактаций выше, чем в других анализируемых группах скота. Высокую пожизненную продуктивность (3135 тыс. кг) имеют животные с массой тела более 500 кг при первом отеле. Вместе с тем интенсивный раздой наиболее крупных первотелок с массой тела выше 550 кг сопровождается снижением продолжительности жизни и продуктивного периода использования коров.The article presents the results of studies on the duration and intensity of use of Holstein cows with different age and body weight at the first calving, which are an indicator of physiological maturity and readiness of the organism for the subsequent productive period of life. The longest productive period was revealed in cows with the first calving age of 2427 months, the average values of which are 3.33.4 calving. These groups of cows are distinguished by a higher level of lifelong production and the intensity of use per unit of time of their entire life and productive period. Productive longevity of cows tends to increase with an increase in body weight at the first calving. The longest periods of economic use were found in animals with a live weight at the first calving with in 450500 kg, in which the productive period is 115234 days or 0.40.6 lactations higher than in other analyzed groups of animals. High lifelong productivity (3135 thousand kg) have animals weighing more than 500 kg at the first calving. At the same time, intensive stripping of the largest heifers with a body weight above 550 kg is accompanied by a decrease in the lifespan and productive period of using cows.
Experience of primary care for people with HIV: a mixed-method analysis
Authors: Rai Tanvi , Bruton Jane , Kall Meaghan , Ma Richard , Pufall Erica , Day Sophie , Delpech Valerie , Ward Helen 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundAdvances in treatment have transformed HIV into a long-term condition (LTC), presenting fresh challenges for health services, HIV specialists, and GPs.AimTo explore the experience of people living with HIV (PLHIV) regarding consulting their GPs.Design & settingA mixed-method analysis using data from two sources: a nationally-representative survey of PLHIV and a qualitative study with London-based PLHIV.MethodUnivariate logistic regression was used for quantitative data and framework analysis for qualitative data.ResultsThe survey had 4422 participants; the qualitative study included 52 participants. In both studies, registration with a GP and HIV status disclosure were high. Similar to general population trends, recent GP use was associated with poor self-rated health status, comorbidities, older age, and lower socioeconomic status. Two-thirds reported a good experience with GPs; a lower proportion felt comfortable asking HIV-related questions. Actual or perceived HIV stigma were consistently associated with poor satisfaction. In the interviews, participants with additional LTCs valued sensitive and consistent support from GPs. Some anticipated, and sometimes experienced, problems relating to HIV status, as well as GPs’ limited experience and time to manage their complex needs. Sometimes they took their own initiative to facilitate coordination and communication. For PLHIV, a ‘good’ GP offered continuity and took time to know and accept them without judgment.ConclusionThe authors suggest clarification of roles and provision of relevant support to build the confidence of PLHIV in GPs and primary care staff to care for them. As the PLHIV population ages, there is a strong need to develop trusting patient–GP relationships and HIV-friendly GP practices.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Anemia di Wilayah Kerja Kelurahan Candirejo Ungaran Barat Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Widayati Widayati , Afriyanii Luvi Dian 
Published: December 2019

Anemia dalam kehamilan memberi pengaruh kurang baik bagi ibu, baik dalam kehamilan, persalinan, maupun nifas dan masa selanjutnya. Anemia dapat disebabkan faktor determinan ibu. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan anemia yaitu umur, pendidikan, paritas, jarak kehamilan dan KEK. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah crosssectional. Variabel terikatnya diukur melalui pemeriksaan Hb kepada semua sampel dan pada saat itu juga akan dilihat faktor penyebab anemia yang terdiri dari faktor umur, paritas, jarak kehamilan, pendidikan yang didapatkan dengan kuesioner dan KEK dengan pengukuran LILA ( Lingkar Lengan Atas ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara umur dengan anemia ( P value : 0,041 ), ada hubungan antara pendidikan dengan anemia di Kelurahan Candirejo Ungaran Barat ( P value : 0,038 ), ada hubungan antara jarak kehamilan dengan anemia di Kelurahan Candirejo Ungaran Barat ( P value : 0,024 ), ada hubungan antar paritas dengan anemia di Kelurahan Candirejo Ungaran Barat (p value 0.019 ) dan tidak ada hubungan antara KEK dengan anemia di Kelurahan Candirejo Ungaran Barat ( p value ; 0,075 ). Umur resiko tinggi, jarak kehamilan yang dekat , paritas dan pendidikan beresiko mengalami anemia dalam kehamilan. Diharapkan tenaga kesehatan melakukan pendampingan ibu hamil dengan anemia dan melakukan deteksi dini dengan melakukan pemeriksaan Hb kepada semua ibu hamil.
ANALISIS PENGETAHUAN IBU NIFAS TENTANG TANDA BAHAYA BAYI BARU LAHIR DI WILAYAH KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Veftisia Vistra , Khayati Yulia Nur 
Published: December 2019

Penyebab AKB di Kabupaten Semarang tahun 2016 bila dilihat dari umur kematian bayi, kasus kematian terbanayk pada usia 7 hari (77 bayi), usia 8-28 hari (31 bayi), dan usia 29 hari – 11 bulan (43 kasus). Dengan penyebab terbesar AKB adalah BBLR (44 kasus), asfiksia (29 kasus), dan sisanya (78 kasus) karena infeksi, kelainan kongenital, aspirasi, tetanus, dan lain-lain. Berbagai upaya yang telah dilakukan untuk menekan Angka Kematian Bayi antara lain dengan pemberian makanan tambahan pada ibu hamil, pemberian informasi tentang perawatan BBL (Profil Kesehatan Kabupaten Semarang, 2016). Akan tetapi untuk informasi tentang tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir belum ada program khusus.Untuk Menganalisis Pengetahuan Ibu Nifas Tentang Tanda Bahaya Bayi Baru Lahir Di Wilayah Kabupaten SemarangPenelitian Penelitian menggunakan desain analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 76 responden dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakanPurposive sampling. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi Square. Dengan hasil tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kepemelikan buku KIA (p=1.000), membaca buku KIA (p=0,980), Mendapat informasi (p=0,951), Usia ibu (p=0,422), pendidikan ibu (p=0,349) dengan pengetahuan ibu nifas tentang tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir, dan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara penjelasan nakes (p=0.002) dengan pengetahuan ibu nifas tentang tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir. Tenaga kesehatan hendaknya selalu memberikan penjelasan tentang tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir baik pada waktu kunjungan antenatal maupun saat kunjungan post natal dan lebih memberikan dukungan pada ibu untuk membaca buku KIA yang berkaitan dengan tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir.
Disposición al pensamiento crítico y resiliencia en estudiantes de Psicología de una universidad privada de Lima Norte
Authors: Zapater-Ferrer Esteban 
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la disposición al pensamiento crítico y la resiliencia en estudiantes de Psicología de una universidad privada de Lima Norte. Materiales y métodos: estudio no experimental, de corte transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 209 estudiantes de Psicología, mayores de 18 años. El tipo de muestreo fue no probabilístico intencional. Las variables principales fueron la disposición al pensamiento crítico y la resiliencia, medidas a través de la Escala de Disposición al Pensamiento Crítico y la Escala de Resiliencia de Wagnild y Young, respectivamente. Se utilizó el paquete estadístico Stata 15.1, analizando la normalidad mediante la prueba Kolmogorov-Smirnov y empleando las pruebas Chi-cuadrado y Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: la muestra presentó una media de edad de 20.56 años. Se encontró que existe relación significativa entre la disposición al pensamiento crítico y la resiliencia (p=0.000) y, entre esta última, y la búsqueda de la verdad (p=0.001), la amplitud mental (p=0.008), la capacidad de análisis (p=0.001), la sistematicidad (0.019), la confianza en la razón (p=0.000), la curiosidad (p=0.009) y la madurez para formular juicios (p=0.000). Conclusión: los niveles de disposición al pensamiento crítico, búsqueda de la verdad, amplitud mental, capacidad de análisis, sistematicidad, confianza en la razón, curiosidad y madurez para formular juicios, se asocian a los niveles de resiliencia. Además, ambos constructos se muestran como elementos en interacción recíproca, aumentando los niveles de uno al incrementarse el otro y viceversa.
CHANGES IN STROMAL PROGENITOR CELLS DERIVED FROM BONE MARROW IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LEUKAEMIA AT THE ONSET OF THE DISEASE AND DURING TREATMENT
Authors: Petinati N. A. , Shipunova I. N. , Bigildeev A. E. , Sats N. V. , Chelysheva E. Yu. , Shukhov O. A. , Petrova A. N. , Turkina A G. , Drize N. I. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction. The properties of progenitor cells in the stromal microenvironment, i.e. multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSC) and fi broblast colony-forming units (CFU-F), undergo changes in patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML).Aim. To compare the progenitor cells of the stromal microenvironment (MMSCs and CFU-Fs) obtained from the bone marrow of CML patients at the onset of the disease, one year after the start of the treatment and during the long-term treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI).Materials and methods. The study involved an analysis of the characteristics of MMSCs, the concentration of CFU-Fs in the bone marrow of CML patients, as well as the relative expression level of genes (REL) associated with differentiation and involved in the regulation of haematopoiesis. The analysis was performed at the onset of the disease, one year after the start of the treatment, as well as 3–8 and 9–16 years after the TKI therapy. MMSCs and CFU-Fs of healthy donors were used for control purposes.Results. The concentration of CFU-Fs at the onset of the disease did not differ from that in donors; however, the relative expression level of genes associated with differentiation was increased in the CFU-F colonies. A year after the start of TKI treatment, the concentration of CFU-Fs decreased by four times. Subsequently, the concentration increased to reach normal values following 8 years of TKI treatment. The total production of MMSCs was not changed at the onset of the disease; however, it decreased after a year of TKI treatment, subsequently returning to normal. The expression of many genes was altered in the MMSCs of patients, i.e. the REL of LIF and JAG1 increased by 10 and 2 times, respectively; in the course of treatment, the REL of LIF in MMSCs decreased, always remaining higher than in those of the donors, whereas the expression of JAG1 returned to normal. At the onset of the disease, the REL of LIF in the MMSCs of patients, who achieved a deep molecular response (DMR) within 17 months of the treatment, was three times lower than in the MMSCs of those patients who did not reach DMR within 50 months, with JAG1 not differing from that of donors.Conclusion. Changes in stromal progenitor cells are associated with the influence of tumour cells, as well as with TKI therapy. A normal expression level of JAG1 and a decreased expression level of LIF in the MMSCs of CML patients at the onset of the disease may be predictive of DMR achievement.Conflict of interest: the authors declare no conflict of interest.Financial disclosure: the study had no sponsorship.
AGGREGATION AND SIZE OF PLATELETS IN CHILDREN WITH BURN DISEASE
Authors: Levin G. Ya. , Popovicheva A. N. , Sosnina L. N. , Sheremetyev Yu. A. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction. One of the main factors involved in the pathogenesis of burn disease consists in the disturbance of microcirculation and haemostasis, caused by increased platelet aggregation. Mechanisms underlying the enhancement of platelet aggregation are poorly understood. Main results were obtained for adult patients at the onset of the burn disease, with no similar data on paediatric patients being available. There is evidence of a relationship between the size of platelets (MPV) and their functionality.Aim. To undertake a study of spontaneous and ADP-induced platelet aggregation and their size in children with burn disease.Materials and methods. We studied the aggregation and size of platelets in children aged 3–17 years, in whom burn areas covered 10–70 % of the body surface at the onset of the disease and before discharge. Spontaneous platelet aggregation was analysed under conditions of induced shear flow, whereas ADP-induced aggregation was studied employing a turbidimetric method. The study of platelet sizes was carried out using a conductometric method.Results. Spontaneous platelet aggregation increases significantly in children with burn disease. The integrated optical density of the formed aggregates, their area and perimeter were estimated for the first time. These indicators remained elevated even after burn wounds had been completely closed. In burn disease, changes in ADP-induced platelet aggregation were multidirectional in nature. Mean platelet volume (MPV) was increased during the acute period of burn disease, decreased during the period of toxaemia, and normalised by the time of patients’ discharge. Changes in MPV did not affect the aggregation properties of platelets. There was no correlation between the degree of aggregation and the severity of hyperfibrinogenemia. The blood of burn patients contained a large number of activated platelets, which was the reason for the increase in their spontaneous aggregation, not requiring the participation of exogenous inducers.Conclusion. An increase in spontaneous platelet aggregation was observed in children after a thermal injury, which remained elevated until the burn wounds were completely closed. A significant increase in the number of activated platelets constituted the reason for the increase in spontaneous platelet aggregation.Conflict of interest: the authors declare no confl ict of interest.Financial disclosure: the study had no sponsorship.
DIFFERENTIATION OF THE A1 AND A2 SUBGROUPS OF THE AB0 SYSTEM: BIOLOGICAL BACKGROUND AND SEROLOGICAL STRATEGY
Authors: Golovkina L. L. , Kalandarov R. S. , Stremoukhova A. G. , Kalmykova O. S. , Pushkina T. D. , Surin V. L. , Pshenichnikova O. S. , Nikolaeva T. L. , Olovnikova N. I. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction. The identification of weak variants of the A antigen, as well as their differentiation, is necessary for the proper selection of erythrocyte-containing media for blood transfusions. To this end, selective anti-A1 reagents that react only with the A1 antigen are used in combination with anti-A reagents reacting equally with the A1 and A2 antigens. Given that the expression of the A antigen varies within the subgroups and there is no established standard for reagents and procedures, the interpretation of the obtained results presents difficulties.Aim. To develop a strategy for identifying the variants of the A antigen using available reagents in an agglutination reaction.Methods. We compared the effectiveness of four anti-A1 and two anti-H reagents using 23 blood samples (groups A2 and A2B) and control samples (groups A1 and A1 B). Two types of anti-A1 reagents were employed: Dolychos biflorus lectin and monoclonal antibodies. All of the reagents were designed for direct agglutination reactions. Belonging of the erythrocytes to the A2 subgroup was confirmed using genetic analysis.Results. It is shown that anti-A1 reagents did not interact with A2B red blood cells and often reacted with A2 red blood cells. The strength of the reaction with A2 red blood cells varied greatly and was weaker than with A1 red blood cells; however, it hindered the subgroup identification. Simultaneous tests conducted using an anti-H reagent allowed the authors to draw an unambiguous conclusion about blood belonging to a subgroup: a strong reaction indicated the A2 subgroup, whereas a negative or weak reaction indicated the A1 subgroup. A discrepancy was noted between the results obtained for two donors using serological and molecular methods: the A3 subgroup was identified serologically, whereas genotyping revealed the AB0*A1 allele. In both cases, direct sequencing showed a combination of mutant alleles giving the A3 phenotype. When using commercial kits to perform genotyping analysis through a polymerase chain reaction, it should be taken into consideration that primers are matched to the most common variants and cannot detect all mutations of the AB0 gene.Conclusion. Reliable identification of the A2 subgroup through serological methods is possible when using lectin or monoclonal anti-A1 antibodies in combination with a monoclonal anti-H reagent.Conflict of interest: the authors declare no conflict of interest.Financial disclosure: the study had no sponsorship.
Przedszkola na uchodźstwie w okresie drugiej wojny światowej
Authors: Chmielewski Witold 
Published: December 2019

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie w zarysie działalności polskich przedszkoli na obczyźnie w okresie II wojny światowej. W pracy zastosowano metody badawcze właściwe dla historii wychowania. Zawarte w niej treści oparte zostały w głównej mierze na rezultatach kwerendy archiwalnej w Instytucie Polskim i Muzeum im. gen Sikorskiego w Londynie. W artykule wykazano, że przedszkola polskie prowadziły działalność we wszystkich większych skupiskach uchodźczych w Iranie, Indiach, Palestynie Afryce Środkowo-Wschodniej i Południowej, Nowej Zelandii, Meksyku oraz 2 Korpusie gen. Władysława Andersa. Swoją działalnością obejmowały one głównie sieroty i dzieci, które z różnych przyczyn pozbawione były opieki rodzicielskiej. Przedszkola tworzone w Austrii i Bawarii, nadzorowane przez polskie wojsko, gromadziły dzieci rodziców, którzy znaleźli się tam przymusowo podczas wojny i nie zdążyli jeszcze wrócić do kraju, oraz żołnierzy AK przybyłych z Polski. Wiele przedszkoli prowadziło opiekę całą dobę. Ich głównym zadaniem było przygotowanie dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym do pierwszej klasy szkoły powszechnej. Przedszkola organizowano przeważnie w budynkach szkolnych. Dokładano wszelkich starań, aby mimo różnorodnych trudności pracująca w nich kadra wychowawczyń miała odpowiednie kwalifikacje zawodowe. Zatrudniano również pomoce wychowawczyń. Przedszkola na uchodźstwie zakończyły swoją działalność wraz z likwidacją poszczególnych osiedli w latach 1945-1947. Podsumowując pracę przedszkoli na uchodźstwie, należy stwierdzić, że pełniły one ważną funkcję w wychowaniu i opiece nad najmłodszym pokoleniem Polaków na uchodźstwie, chroniły je przed wynarodowieniem, dawały poczucie ciepła i stabilizacji na tułaczym szlaku. Zagadnienie przedszkoli na uchodźstwie wymaga dalszych szczegółowych badań, zwłaszcza ich działalności na kontynencie afrykańskim.