bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological investigation ofAjuga ivaessential oils collected at three phenological stages
Authors: Bouyahya Abdelhakim , El Omari Nasreddine , Belmehdi Omar , Lagrouh Fatima , El Jemli Meryem , Marmouzi Ilias , Faouzi My El Abbes , Taha Douae , Bourais Ilhame , Zengin Gokhan , Bakri Youssef , Dakka Nadia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAjuga iva(A iva) is a medicinal plant used mainly in traditional medicine. This study was aimed to identify the volatile compounds ofA ivaessential oils (AIEO) at three developmental periods, and to evaluate their pharmacological properties. Chemical volatile compounds were identified by GC/MS analysis. Twenty‐eight volatile components were identified, belonging mainly to oxygenated monoterpenes and hydrocarbons monoterpenes. Carvacrol, octadecane, methyl chavicol were the major volatile components of AIEO at the three phenological stages. FRAP, DPPH and ABTS assays were adopted to estimate the antioxidant effects. AIEO at the vegetative stage exhibited important antioxidant effects with IC50 = 52.43 μg/mL (DPPH), IC50 = 115.22 μg/mL (FRAP), and, IC50 = 143.40 μg/mL (ABTS). The antidiabetic activity was evaluated in vitro by the inhibition of α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase. AIEO at the vegetative stage was the most active as an enzyme inhibitor of α‐amylase (IC50 = 101.727 μg/mL) and α‐glucosidase (IC50 = 86.93 μg/mL). The dermatoprotective effect was investigated by the in vitro inhibition of tyrosinase and elastase activities. AIEO at the vegetative stage showed the lowest IC50inhibition values against tyrosinase (IC50 = 87.49 μg/mL) and elastase (IC50 = 192.21 μg/mL). Antifungal properties of AIEO were investigated onTrichophyton violaceum,T tonsuransandT mentagrophytes. The three EOs ofA ivaexhibited important inhibitions of the tested dermatophytes. The findings of this work showed that phenological stages affect significantly the volatile compounds ofA iva, and these fluctuations influence mainly the biological properties. Moreover, further investigations concerning in vivo pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic investigations as well as clinical trials of these identified compounds could develop antidiabetic, dermatoprotective and anti‐dermatophyte drugs.
Fine‐mapping and QTL tissue‐sharing information improves the reliability of causal gene identification
Authors: Barbeira Alvaro N. , Melia Owen J. , Liang Yanyu , Bonazzola Rodrigo , Wang Gao , Wheeler Heather E. , Aguet François , Ardlie Kristin G. , Wen Xiaoquan , Im Hae K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe integration of transcriptomic studies and genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) via imputed expression has seen extensive application in recent years, enabling the functional characterization and causal gene prioritization of GWAS loci. However, the techniques for imputing transcriptomic traits from DNA variation remain underdeveloped. Furthermore, associations found when linking eQTL studies to complex traits through methods like PrediXcan can lead to false positives due to linkage disequilibrium between distinct causal variants. Therefore, the best prediction performance models may not necessarily lead to more reliable causal gene discovery. With the goal of improving discoveries without increasing false positives, we develop and compare multiple transcriptomic imputation approaches using the most recent GTEx release of expression and splicing data on 17,382 RNA‐sequencing samples from 948 post‐mortem donors in 54 tissues. We find that informing prediction models with posterior causal probability from fine‐mapping (dap‐g) and borrowing information across tissues (mashr) can lead to better performance in terms of number and proportion of significant associations that are colocalized and the proportion of silver standard genes identified as indicated by precision‐recall and receiver operating characteristic curves. All prediction models are made publicly available at predictdb.org.
Trajectories of decline on instrumental activities of daily living prior to dementia in persons with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Cloutier Simon , Chertkow Howard , Kergoat Marie‐Jeanne , Gélinas Isabelle , Gauthier Serge , Belleville Sylvie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe main objective was to determine the trajectory of instrumental activities of daily living (iADL) decline in persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who progressed towards dementia relative to persons with MCI who remained stable.Methods/DesignAt study entry, 121 participants met criteria for MCI. Based on the follow‐up, 47 participants later converted to dementia and were identified as progressors. Sixteen participants, identified as decliners, presented a significant cognitive decline but did not reach the criteria for dementia within the study timeframe. Stable MCI remained cognitively stable during the 5‐year follow‐up; n = 58. Participants completed a yearly assessment using clinical tests/questionnaires, neuropsychological measures, and functional autonomy assessment until they met criteria for dementia. The average number of months for the follow‐up was 34.ResultsMany years of stable performance followed by an accelerated decline just prior to diagnosis, was observed for complex activities for progressors. No change was found for stable MCI and a gradual linear decline characterized decliners. The housekeeping‐related activities component showed a linear decline in progressors and did not change in stable and decliner MCI. We found a predictive model that includes significant predictors of dementia conversion with a high diagnostic accuracy the following year (area under the curve = 0.94 [95% confidence level; lower bound: 0.87, upper bound: 1]).ConclusionsIt is critical to assess iADL that reflect complex activities in the evaluation of MCI individuals as their impairment, combined with change on cognitive markers, indicates a higher risk of dementia progression 1 or 2 years later.
Free prescriptions for low‐income pensioners? The cost of returning to free‐of‐charge drugs in the Spanish National Health Service
Authors: Puig‐Junoy Jaume , Pinilla Jaime 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study estimated the impact of reducing a capped low coinsurance rate for outpatient medicines to nil for low‐income pensioners and disabled individuals in the Valencian Community (Spain). This reduction was implemented in January 2016 as a regional reform which modified the national cost‐sharing reform adopted in July 2012. The impact of this intervention on the number of monthly prescriptions dispensed between July 2012 and December 2018 was estimated using two different approaches of the synthetic control method, the classical method and the method based on Bayesian structural time series. The estimates from both methods were similar, showing significant overall increases of 6.34% and 6.70% [95% credible interval: 4.05, 9.47], respectively in the number of prescriptions dispensed in this region. These results are similar to those of the previous studies indicating that reducing price from a small amount to zero discontinuously boosts demand. This evidence indicates that the impact of this intervention on the budget of the regional health service is far greater than the amount of the subsidy in the public budget. These results are useful for making accurate budgetary projections for similar eliminations of charges for low‐income pensioners in the Spanish National Health Service.
Clinical significance of tryptophan catabolism in follicular lymphoma
Authors: Masaki Ayako , Ishida Takashi , Maeda Yasuhiro , Ito Asahi , Suzuki Susumu , Narita Tomoko , Kinoshita Shiori , Yoshida Takashi , Ri Masaki , Kusumoto Shigeru , Komatsu Hirokazu , Inagaki Hiroshi , Ueda Ryuzo , Choi Ilseung , Suehiro Youko , Iida Shinsuke 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe enzyme, indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase 1 (IDO), catabolizes tryptophan (Trp) in the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway, and is important in suppressing antitumor immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. With regard to previously untreated patients with follicular lymphoma (FL), we sought to establish the prognostic significance of Trp catabolism in this disease. Serum Trp and Kyn levels in 110 patients with FL were quantified, and their relationship to different clinical parameters studied. IDO expression in the lymph nodes of affected patients was studied. Study participants included 54 males and 56 females (age range 39–86, median 62 years), showing a 5‐year overall survival (OS) rate of 78.5%. Patients with a high Kyn level (5‐year OS, 65.0% vs. 81.7%; p = 0.026), high Kyn/Trp ratio (71.1% vs. 81.7%; p = 0.002), and low hemoglobin (Hb) level (<12.0 g/dL; p = 0.001; a component of FL international prognostic indexes) demonstrated a significantly shorter OS. Multivariate analysis included the following 10 variables: age, sex, serum β2‐microglobulin, Hb, longest diameter of the largest involved node, Ann Arbor stage, serum lactate dehydrogenase, histologic grading, B symptoms, and serum Kyn/Trp ratio; a lower Hb level and a high Kyn/Trp ratio (HR, 3.239; 95% CI, 1.296–8.096) led to a significantly inferior OS. In the microenvironment, some CD11c‐positive myeloid dendritic cells but not FL tumor cells were found to produce IDO. Overall, measuring levels of serum Kyn and Trp in individual patients with FL contributed to predicting their prognosis.
Analysis of the velocity, thermal, and concentration MHD slip flow over a nonlinear stretching cylinder in the presence of outer velocity
Authors: Vinita  , Poply Vikas , Goyal Rangoli , Sharma Naresh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe intention of the present work is to analyze the influence of magnetohydrodynamic slip flow with radiation effect toward a nonlinear stretching cylinder in the presence of outer velocity. Similarity variables are applied to convert the governing partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. The Runge‐Kutta‐Fehlberg approach was adopted to numerically solve the modified equations by use of the Shooting method. The effect of prominent fluid parameters especially the velocity slip parameter, temperature slip parameter, concentration slip parameter, outer velocity, magnetic parameter, nonlinear stretching parameter, Schmidt number, and Eckert number on the velocity, temperature, and concentration have been examined and are displayed through graphs and tables. Numerical results of various parameters involved for the skin friction coefficient, the local Nusselt numbers, and the local Sherwood numbers are determined and also discussed in detail. In the present study, we used MATLAB for finding the final outcomes and relating the conclusive results for with those of already published papers. The outcomes reveal that with an increase in outer velocity, the fluid velocity increases while the temperature and concentration decrease. In the case of a higher nonlinear stretching parameter, the temperature as well as concentration decrease. The findings of the present study help to control the rate of heat transportation and highlight many applications in the insulation of wires, manufacturing of tetrapacks, production of glass fibers, fabrication of various polymers and plastic packs, rubber sheets, and so forth, where the quality of the desired product depends on the rate stretching, external magnetic field, and the composition of the material used, and manufacturing processes.
Computational and statistical analysis on the U‐tube heat exchanger with different passes configuration: Taguchi method
Authors: Gupta Arun , Sharma Amit , Singh Hardial , Rajoria Chandra Shekhar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the present study, the passive technique of heat transfer in which single pass and double passes are included in a simple U‐tube heat exchanger is analyzed. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD)‐based parametric analysis is carried out to optimize the parameters affecting the temperature drop and heat transfer achieved from the U‐tube heat exchanger. ANSYS Fluentv20 is used for the CFD analysis, and the RNG k‐ɛ model and energy equation were considered to define the turbulence and heat transfer phenomena. The Taguchi method is used to formulate the experimental work and analyze the working parameters of the U‐tube heat exchanger, such as hot and cold mass flow rate and hoRenew Energyt inlet temperature and cold inlet temperature. For the U‐tube heat exchanger, four operating parameters are considered at four different levels in the Taguchi method. The best combination of parameters for achieving a maximum temperature drop is A4B1C2D3, and it is A3B4C1D2 in case of heat transfer. A U‐tube single‐pass heat exchanger is more effective as compared with other U‐tube heat exchangers (zero‐ and double‐pass). Experimental results are provided to validate the suitability of the purpose of the approach.
Magnetic nanoparticle loaded human adipose derived mesenchymal cells spheroids in levitated culture
Authors: Labusca Luminita , Herea Dumitru Daniel , Minuti Anca Emanuela , Stavila Cristina , Danceanu Camelia , Grigoras Marian , Ababei Gabriel , Chiriac Horia , Lupu Nicoleta 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMagnetic nanoparticles (MNP) are intensely scrutinized for biomedical applications due to their excellent biocompatibility and adjustable magnetic field (MF) responsiveness. Three‐dimensional spheroid culture of ADSC improves stem cell proliferation and differentiation, increasing their potential for clinical applications. In this study we aimed to detect if MF levitated culture of ADSC loaded with proprietary MNP maintain the properties of ADSC and improve their performances. Levitated ADSC‐MNP formed aggregates with increased volume and reduced number compared to nonlevitated ones. ADSC‐MNP from levitated spheroid displayed higher viability, proliferation and mobility compared to nonlevitated and 2D culture. Levitated and nonlevitated ADSC‐MNP spheroids underwent three lineage differentiation, demonstrating preserved ADSC stemness. Quantitative osteogenesis showed similar values in MNP‐loaded levitated and nonlevitated spheroids. Significant increases in adipogenic conversion was observed for all 3D formulation. Chondrogenic conversion in levitated and nonlevitated spheroids produced comparable ratio glucosaminoglycan (GAG)/DNA. Increased chondrogenesis could be observed for ADSC‐MNP in both levitated and nonlevitated condition. Taken together, ADSC‐MNP levitated spheroids retain stemness and display superior cell viability and migratory capabilities. Furthermore, the method consistently increases spheroid maneuverability, potentially facilitating large scale manufacturing and automation. Levitated spheroid culture of ADSC‐MNP can be further tested for various application in regenerative medicine and organ modeling.
Treatment-Related Changes in Bone Turnover and Fracture Risk Reduction in Clinical Trials of Antiresorptive Drugs: Proportion of Treatment Effect Explained
Authors: Eastell Richard , Black Dennis M , Lui Li-Yung , Chines Arkadi , Marin Fernando , Khosla Sundeep , de Papp Anne E , Cauley Jane A , Mitlak Bruce , McCulloch Charles E , Vittinghoff Eric , Bauer Douglas C ,   for the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) Bone Quality Project
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Few analyses of antiresorptive (AR) treatment trials relate short-term changes in bone turnover markers (BTMs) to subsequent fracture reduction seeking to estimate the proportion of treatment effect explained (PTE) by BTMs. Pooling such information would be useful to assess new ARs or novel dosing regimens. In the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) Bone Quality project, we analyzed individual-level data from up to 62,000 participants enrolled in 12 bisphosphonate (BP) and four selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) placebo-controlled fracture endpoint trials. Using BTM results for two bone formation markers (bone-specific alkaline phosphatase [bone ALP] and pro-collagen I N-propeptide [PINP]) and one bone resorption marker (C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen [CTX]) and incident fracture outcome data, we estimated the PTE using two different models. Separate analyses were performed for incident morphometric vertebral, nonvertebral, and hip fractures over 1 to 5 years of follow-up. For vertebral fracture, the results showed that changes in all three BTMs at 6 months explained a large proportion of the treatment effect of ARs (57 to &gt;100%), but not for and non-vertebral or hip fracture. We conclude that short-term AR treatment-related changes in bone ALP, PINP, and CTX account for a large proportion of the treatment effect for vertebral fracture. Change in BTMs is a useful surrogate marker to study the anti-fracture efficacy of new AR compounds or novel dosing regiments with approved AR drugs. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
“They don't know who they have in here”: Sense of community in budget hotels
Authors: Lewinson Terri , Carrion Iraida V. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to understand older residents descriptions of socio‐spatial guest interactions and sense of community in budget hotels. Due to financial vulnerability, some people move into budget hotels when other housing options are unavailable. Little is known about how older residents perceive other hotel guests who frequent the commercial establishment and how a mix of various consumer interactions can potentially influence health. Theoretically framing this inquiry with sense of community constructs, we conducted a secondary data analysis of 20 interviews with residents aged 50 and older. Through thematic analysis strategies, we identified temporal and socio‐spatial interactions of hotel guests, then discussed sense of community based on these insider/outsider relationships. We conclude with research, policy, and practice implications of our findings.
The impact of different diagnostic criteria on the association of sarcopenia with injurious falls in the CLSA
Authors: Mayhew Alexandra J. , Phillips Stuart M. , Sohel Nazmul , Thabane Lehana , McNicholas Paul D. , de Souza Russell J. , Parise Gianni , Raina Parminder 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia definitions recommend different combinations of variables (lean mass, strength, and physical function) and different methods of adjusting lean mass. The purpose of this paper was to address the gaps in the literature regarding how differences in the operationalization of sarcopenia impact the association between sarcopenia and injurious falls.MethodsParticipants included 9936 individuals from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging aged ≥65 years at baseline (2012–2015), with complete data for sarcopenia‐related variables, injurious falls, and covariates. Sarcopenia was defined using all combinations of muscle variables (lean mass, grip strength, chair rise test, and gait speed) and methods of adjusting lean mass (height2, weight, body mass index (BMI), and regressing on height and fat mass) recommended by the expert group sarcopenia definitions. Multiple cut off values for the measures were explored. The association between sarcopenia and injurious falls (0, 1, or 2+ falls) measured 18 months after baseline data collection were assessed using proportional odds regression models.ResultsIn men (n = 5162, 72.9 ± 5.6 years), the odds of having a higher level of injurious falls was between 1.43 and 2.14 greater when sarcopenia was defined as (i) lean mass adjusted for weight only; (ii) grip strength (<30 or <26 kg) only; (iii) lean mass adjusted for weight and grip strength (<30 or <26 kg); (iv) lean mass adjusted for BMI and grip strength (<26 kg); and (v) lean mass adjusted using the regression technique and grip strength (<30 or <26 kg). In women (n = 4774, 72.8 ± 5.6 years), only the combination of lean mass adjusted using regression with gait speed (<0.8 m/s) was associated with a significantly higher odds (1.46, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–2.10,P = 0.04) of having a higher level of injurious falls.ConclusionsSarcopenia definitions based on different combinations of muscle variables and methods of adjusting lean mass are not equally associated with injurious falls. In men, definitions including grip strength but not gait speed or the chair rise test, and adjusting lean mass for weight, BMI, or using the residual technique but not height2, tended to be associated with injurious falls. In women, sarcopenia was generally not associated with injurious falls regardless of the definition used.
Replication without repeating ourselves: Addressing the replication crisis in operations and supply chain management research
Authors: Pagell Mark 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOperations and supply chain management (OSCM) scholars have generally not engaged in the robust discourse over the extent and implications of science's replication crisis, perhaps because replication studies remain exceedingly rare in the discipline. In this manuscript, I encourage more replications. However, I also assume that such studies will remain rare. Therefore, it is argued that the replication crisis in OSCM can be partially addressed by conducting theory testing and refining research in a more systematic fashion that acknowledges researchers' and journals' incentives to publish new knowledge, while also efficiently helping to ensure that the foundations of that new knowledge are generalizable and not based on idiosyncratic, spurious, or questionable findings. Hence, I focus on ways to conduct a replication within a larger theory testing or refining study in a manner that makes it possible to explain the results, even if they differ from past research. This is achieved via enhanced transparency, designing research to include tests of nomological validity and account for the possibility that the results will not replicate, and more careful consideration of controls. The payoff from this investment in designing replication logic into theory testing and refining research would be that in the course of conducting normal science, we would be able to make much stronger claims about the veracity of our theories, facts, and predictions.
Multiparametric MRI characterization of knee articular cartilage and subchondral bone shape in collegiate basketball players
Authors: Gao Kenneth T. , Pedoia Valentina , Young Katherine A. , Kogan Feliks , Koff Matthew F. , Gold Garry E. , Potter Hollis G. , Majumdar Sharmila 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly used to evaluate the morphology of the knee in athletes with high‐knee impact; however, complex repeated loading of the joint can lead to biochemical and structural degeneration that occurs before visible morphological changes. In this study, we utilized multiparametric quantitative MRI to compare morphology and composition of articular cartilage and subchondral bone shape between young athletes with high‐knee impact (basketball players; n = 40) and non‐knee impact (swimmers; n = 25). We implemented voxel‐based relaxometry to register all cases to a single reference space and performed a localized compositional analysis of T
1ρ‐ and T
2‐relaxation times on a voxel‐by‐voxel basis. Additionally, statistical shape modeling was employed to extract differences in subchondral bone shape between the two groups. Evaluation of cartilage composition demonstrated a significant prolongation of relaxation times in the medial femoral and tibial compartments and in the posterolateral femur of basketball players in comparison to relaxation times in the same cartilage compartments of swimmers. The compositional analysis also showed depth‐dependent differences with prolongation of the superficial layer in basketball players. For subchondral bone shape, three total modes were found to be significantly different between groups and related to the relative sizes of the tibial plateaus, intercondylar eminences, and the curvature and concavity of the patellar lateral facet. In summary, this study identified several characteristics associated with a high‐knee impact which may expand our understanding of local degenerative patterns in this population.