bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemoconcentration is associated with early faster fluid rate and increased risk of persistent organ failure in acute pancreatitis patients
Authors: Jin Tao , Li Lan , Deng Lihui , Wen Si , Zhang Ruwen , Shi Na , Zhu Ping , Lan Lan , Lin Ziqi , Jiang Kun , Guo Jia , Liu Tingting , Philips Anthony , Yang Xiaonan , Singh Vikesh K , Sutton Robert , Windsor John A , Huang Wei , Xia Qing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundControversies existed surrounding the use of hematocrit to guide early fluid therapy in acute pancreatitis (AP). The association between hematocrit, early fluid therapy, and clinical outcomes in ward AP patients needs to be investigated.MethodsData from prospectively maintained AP database and retrospectively collected details of fluid therapy were analyzed. Patients were stratified into three groups: Group 1, hematocrit < 44% both at admission and at 24 h thereafter; Group 2: regardless of admission level, hematocrit increased and >44% at 24 h; Group 3: hematocrit >44% on admission and decreased thereafter during first 24 h. “Early” means first 24 h after admission. Baseline characteristics, early fluid rates, and clinical outcomes of the three groups were compared.ResultsAmong the 628 patients, Group 3 had a higher hematocrit level, greater baseline predicted severity, faster fluid rate, and more fluid volume in the first 24 h compared with Group 1 or 2. Group 3 had an increased risk for persistent organ failure (POF; odds ratio 2, 95% confidence interval [1.1–3.8],P= 0.03) compared with Group 1 after adjusting for difference in baseline clinical severity scores, there was no difference between Group 2 and Group 3 or Group 1. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that hemoconcentration and early faster fluid rate were risk factors for POF and mortality (bothP< 0.05).ConclusionsHemoconcentration is associated with faster fluid rate and POF in ward AP patients. Randomized trials comparing standardized early fast and slow fluid management is warranted.
Association of TP53 rs1042522 C>G and miR‐34b/c rs4938723 T>C polymorphisms with hepatoblastoma susceptibility: A seven‐center case–control study
Authors: Liu Peng , Zhuo Zhen‐Jian , Zhu Jinhong , Yang Zhonghua , Xin Yijuan , Li Suhong , Li Li , Li Yong , Wang Huaili , He Jing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundHepatoblastoma is a rare malignancy originating from pluripotent stem cells with unknown etiology. An understanding of the etiology in pediatric hepatoblastoma has been hampered by the unavailability of sufficient patient samples. To date, only a few epidemiological studies with small sample sizes have been performed investigating risk factors for hepatoblastoma. TP53 and pri‐miR‐34b/c genes are implicated in the tumorigenesis, yet the role of their polymorphisms in hepatoblastoma susceptibility remains unknown.MethodsWe conducted a seven‐center case–control study to explore the genetic variants predisposing to hepatoblastoma susceptibility. In our study, we genotyped two functional polymorphisms, the TP53 rs1042522 C>G (Arg72Pro) and miR‐34b/c rs4938723 T>C, in 313 cases and 1446 controls using the TaqMan method.ResultsSingle loci analysis showed that neither TP53 rs1042522 C>G, nor miR‐34b/c rs4938723 T>C significantly modified hepatoblastoma risk. In the stratification analysis, we identified that the miR‐34b/c rs4938723 TC/CC genotypes were associated with a decreased risk in patients with clinical stages III + IV hepatoblastoma (adjusted odds ratio = 0.53, 95% confidence interval = 0.33–0.84, P=0.007] compared to the rs4938723 TT genotype. Subsequent analysis further showed that the combination of TP53 and miR‐34b/c variant genotypes had no impact on susceptibility hepatoblastoma.ConclusionsTaken together, TP53 rs1042522 C>G and miR‐34b/c rs4938723 T>C may not confer hepatoblastoma susceptibility. These findings may aid in our understanding of the genetic etiology of hepatoblastoma.
A quick and regioselective access of spirooxindole‐oxazoline by reaction of isatin and isocyanoacetate “on water”
Authors: Rankan Chandran , Santhi Marimuthu Prabhakaran , Tiwari Keshri Nath 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA greener, rapid and regioselective “on water” synthesis of spirooxindole‐oxazoline by the reaction of isatin and isocyanoacetate at room temperature is described. The developed protocol has the advantage of being atom‐economical, eco‐friendly, and benign reaction conditions. Broader substrate scope, experimentally simple procedures, and easy purification of products with high yield further make this method attractive. The synthesized compounds have been fully characterized with spectral analysis.
Randomized Controlled Trial of Comparative Hypocaloric vs Full‐Energy Enteral Feeding During the First Week of Hospitalization in Neurosurgical Patients at the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Mousavian Seyedeh Zeynab , Pasdar Yahya , Ranjbar Golnaz , Jandari Sajedeh , Akhlaghi Saeed , Almasi Afshin , Safarian Mohammad 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundNutrition support plays a pivotal role in improving the clinical outcomes of the patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). However, there are controversies regarding the optimal amount of energy for the reduction of morbidity and mortality in neurosurgical patients at the ICU.MethodsThis randomized clinical trial was conducted on 560 patients who were admitted to trauma, stroke, and neurosurgery ICUs, and 68 patients were enrolled based on the inclusion criteria. In total, data of 58 patients were analyzed. In the full‐energy group, enteral feeding started at 75% of their daily energy expenditure and gradually increased to 90%–100%. In the hypocaloric group, enteral feeding started with 30% of the daily energy expenditure and reached 75% within 7 days of the intervention.ResultsNo significant differences were observed in the baseline characteristics of the patients in the hypocaloric and full‐energy groups. The incidence of severe gastrointestinal intolerance was relatively high in the full‐energy group (P < .001). Duration of mechanical ventilation and length of hospital stay were lower in the hypocaloric group compared with the full‐energy group (P = .014 and P = .046, respectively). However, no significant differences were denoted in the length of ICU admission (P = .163), 28‐day mortality (P = .640), and pneumonia (P = .162) between the study groups.ConclusionsIn the neurocritical care unit, hypocaloric enteral feeding was associated with lower gastrointestinal intolerance, as well as reduced duration of ventilator dependence and length of hospital stay.
Changes in flavor of fragrant rice during storage under different conditions
Authors: Zhao Qingyu , Yousaf Laraib , Xue Yong , Shen Qun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDBecause of its high nutritional value and good sensory properties, fragrant rice is very popular all over the world. The aroma and taste of fragrant rice play an essential role in its sensory properties. However, there has been a lack of studies on flavor changes in fragrant rice during storage.RESULTSHexanal, nonanal, benzaldehyde, hexadecanoic acid, and methyl ester, were identified as aroma‐active compounds in fresh fragrant rice. After storage, more than 100 volatile compounds can be identified. The results indicated that, at high‐temperature storage, volatile compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, and furans increased, which led to a deterioration in rice quality. Marker compounds of flavor deterioration, methyl palmitate, 2‐methyl‐propanoic acid, and 3‐hydroxy‐2,2,4‐trimethylpentyl ester, were determined by principal component analysis. In addition to threonine and proline, the other 14 amino acids contributed to the taste of fragrant rice during storage. Sucrose is the only main contributor to the sweetness of Daohuaxiang 2, whereas glucose and fructose had a little sweet taste contribution during storage. The electronic nose (e‐nose) and the electronic tongue (e‐tongue) could distinguish samples with different storage conditions.CONCLUSIONDifferent storage conditions can cause flavor differences in fragrant rice. Especially under high‐temperature storage, volatile compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, and furans increase, which is an important reason for the deterioration in the quality of fragrant rice during storage. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Image‐guided video‐assisted thoracoscopic resection (iVATS): Translation to clinical practice—real‐world experience
Authors: Gill Ritu R. , Barlow Julianne , Jaklitsch Michael T. , Schmidlin Eric J. , Hartigan Phillip M. , Bueno Raphael 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveWe developed a novel approach for localization and resection of lung nodules, using image‐guided video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (iVATS). We report our experience of translating iVATS into clinical care.MethodsMethodology and workflow for iVATS developed as part of the Phase I/II trial were used to train surgeons, radiologists, anesthesiologists, and radiology technologists. Radiation dose, time from induction to incision, placement of T‐bar to incision and incision to closure, hospital stay, and complication rates were recorded.ResultsFifty patients underwent iVATS for resection of 54 nodules in a clinical hybrid operating room (OR) by six surgeons. Fifty‐two (97%) nodules were successfully resected. Forty‐two (84%) patients underwent wedge resection, four (7%) lobectomies, and two (4%) segmentectomy all with lymph node dissection. Median time from induction to incision was 89 minutes (range: 13‐256 minutes); T‐bar placement was 14 minutes (10‐29 minutes); and incision to closure, 107 minutes (41‐302 minutes). Average and total procedure radiation dose were: median = 6 mSieverts (range: 2.9‐35 mSieverts). No deaths were reported and median length of stay was 3 days (range: 1‐12 days).ConclusionsTranslation of iVATS into clinical practice has been initiated using a safe step‐wise process, combining intraoperative C‐arm computed tomography scanning and thoracoscopic surgery in a hybrid OR.
Performance evaluation of texture analysis based on kinetic parametric maps from breast DCE‐MRI in classifying benign from malignant lesions
Authors: Jiang Zejun , Yin Jiandong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTo investigate the performance of texture analysis based on enhancement kinetic parametric maps derived from breast dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) in discriminating benign from malignant tumors.MethodsA total of 192 cases confirmed by histopathology were retrospectively selected from our Picture Archiving and Communication System, including 93 benign and 99 malignant tumors. Lesion areas were delineated semi‐automatically, and six kinetic parametric maps reflecting the perfusion information were generated, namely the maximum slope of increase (MSI), slope of signal intensity (SIslope), initial percentage of peak enhancement (Einitial), percentage of peak enhancement (Epeak), early signal enhancement ratio (ESER), and second enhancement percentage (SEP) maps. A total of 286 texture features were extracted from those quantitative parametric maps. The Student t test or Mann‐Whitney U test was used to select features that were statistically significantly different between the benign and malignant groups. A support vector machine was employed with a leave‐one‐out cross‐validation method to establish the classification model. Classification performance was evaluated according to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) theory.ResultsThe areas under ROC curves (AUCs) indicating the diagnostic performance were 0.925 for MSI, 0.854 for SIslope, 0.756 for Einitial, 0.923 for Epeak, 0.871 for ESER and 0.881 for SEP. Significant differences in AUCs were found between Einitial vs MSI, Einitial vs Epeak and Einitial vs SEP (P < .05). There were no significant differences in other pairwise comparisons.ConclusionTexture analysis of the kinetic parametric maps derived from breast DCE‐MRI can contribute to the discrimination between malignant and benign lesions. It can be considered as a supplementary tool for breast diagnosis.
Online users' attitudes toward fake news: Implications for brand management
Authors: Borges‐Tiago Teresa , Tiago Flavio , Silva Osvaldo , Guaita Martínez José Manuel , Botella‐Carrubi Dolores 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study examines brands' vulnerability to fake news. The rapid spread of online misinformation poses challenges to brand managers, whose brands are cocreated online, sometimes to the detriment of the brand. There is a need to identify the information sources that are likely to be trustworthy and to promote positive consumer attitudes toward brands. The data for this study were taken from a Flash Eurobarometer of 26,576 respondents across 28 European countries. Cluster analysis and partial least squares structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data and unveil users' attitudes toward fake news. The findings show that users' attitudes toward fake news differ among European countries. Younger and tech‐savvy users are more likely to recognize fake news and are consequently able to evaluate digital information sources without relying on policy interventions to limit the impact of fake news. Brand managers can use the findings of this study to better understand different kinds of users' susceptibility to fake news and reshape their social media branding strategies accordingly. It is hoped that this paper will encourage further research on brand management in relation to fake news and promote the widespread adoption of best practices in social media communication.
Reliability of stool microbiome methods for DNA yields and sequencing among infants and young children
Authors: Antosca Katherine , Hoen Anne G. , Palys Thomas , Hilliard Margaret , Morrison Hilary G. , Coker Modupe , Madan Juliette , Karagas Margaret R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWith the emergence of large‐scale epidemiologic human microbiome studies, there is a need to understand the reproducibility of microbial DNA sequencing and the impact of specimen collection and processing methods on measures of microbial community composition and structure, with reproducibility studies in infants and young children particularly lacking. Here, we examined batch‐to‐batch variability and reliability of collection, handling, and processing protocols, testing replicate stool samples from infants and young children using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene V4‐V5 hypervariable region, evaluating 33 conditions with different protocols and extraction methods. We detected no evidence of batch effects in replicate DNA samples or extractions from the same stool sample. Variability in DNA yield and alpha diversity was observed between the different collection, handling, and processing protocols. However, across all protocols, subject variability was the dominant contributor to microbiome structure, with comparatively little impact of the protocol used. While collection method and DNA extraction kit may affect DNA yield, and correspondingly alpha diversity, our findings suggest that characterization of the structure and composition of the fecal microbiome of infants and young children are reliably measurable by standardized collection, handling, and processing protocols and DNA extraction methods within an individual longitudinal study.
Precursors of northeast monsoon rainfall variability during extreme epochs of the global warming era
Authors: Prasanna K. , Vinay Kumar P. , Naidu C. V. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe smoothed time series of northeast monsoon rainfall over south peninsular (SP) India has revealed two extreme active epochs (1877–1887 and 2005–2015) and two extreme weak epochs (1899–1909 and 1980–1990) during 1871–2016. Only the recent two epochs 1980–1990 and 2005–2015 were chosen due to data constraints. For these two epochs, the distribution of zonal wind pattern at the 850 and 200 hPa levels, latent heat flux, vertical shear in the zonal wind between 850 and 200 hPa, sea surface temperature and outgoing long wave radiation (OLR) were studied. The vertical profile of zonal wind over the mean position of the subtropical westerly jet and the maximum wind reversal were also analysed. Further, the frequencies of dry days, little rainfall days (0–20 mm), moderate rainfall days (20–60 mm), heavy rainfall days (60–100 mm) and very heavy rainfall days (>100 mm) were evaluated. SP India has experienced active/weak monsoon conditions every one to two decades alternately. An active monsoon epoch shows a higher north–south temperature gradient over the Bay of Bengal than a weak monsoon epoch. An upper level subtropical westerly jet over north India, strong tropical easterlies in the lower troposphere and low vertical shear in the zonal wind over the Bay of Bengal were observed during the active epoch, which facilitates the transportation of good amounts of moisture to SP India. The low OLR values over SP India in the active monsoon epoch indicate more convective activity over that region. Enhanced rainfall activity over SP India in the active monsoon epoch is due to the enhanced frequency of very heavy, heavy, moderate and little rainfall events and the reduced frequency of dry days.
Drought trend, frequency and extremity across a wide range of climates over Iran
Authors: Nouri Milad , Homaee Mehdi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study was conducted to assess drought trend, frequency and extremity during 1966–2012 over widely different climatic regimes in Iran. Two drought indicators, i.e. the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), were employed to characterize the droughts at 3, 6, 12 and 24 month time scales. In addition, the Mann–Kendall test was used for trend analysis. There was a declining (drying) trend in the SPI and SPEI at 76% and 85% or more, respectively, of the investigated sites. The SPIs were not well correlated with the SPEIs over the hyper‐arid/arid regions, demonstrating the significance of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) inclusion for drought identification over these water‐limited areas. Furthermore, the SPEI appears not to be calculated reliably using temperature‐based ET0 equations and also when wind speed data are missing at hyper‐arid/arid sites. More frequent droughts were detected during 1998–2012, which can be attributed to more recurrent La Niña events in this period. Seasonally, a greater increment in drought frequency at 3 and 6 month time scales was found in the March–April–May period. The most extended droughts and the most intensive dry months were also captured over 1998–2012 for most locations. In the majority of cases, it seems that the 1998–2001, 2007–2009 and 2010–2012 La Niña events caused long and severe droughts. The drought frequency increment and the most extreme drought incidences seem to have adversely impacted the agricultural sector over the studied areas. Consequently, there is a need for adaptation to negate the influences of frequent intensive dry episodes in Iran.
RETRACTED: Haplotype diversity and phylogenetic characteristics for Guanzhong Han population from Northwest China via 38 Y‐STRs using Yfiler™ Platinum Amplification System
Authors: Li Luyao , Yao Lilan , He Xin , Gong Huilin , Deng Yuan , Luan Mei , He Guanglin , Jia Fuquan , Chen Pengyu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundFor better application in human forensic cases and population genetics research, it is imperative to investigate the genetic characteristics of Guanzhong Han population using enhanced Y‐chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y‐STR) detecting system with higher discriminating power than previous ones.MethodsIn this study, 38 Y‐STRs were profiled in 430 unrelated Chinese Han male individuals from Guanzhong region of Shaanxi Province, Northwest China, using the Yfiler™ Platinum PCR Amplification Kit. Haplotype frequencies and forensic parameters were calculated. Comprehensive population comparisons with geographically/ethnically different populations in China and other worldwide countries were performed.ResultsA total of 422 different haplotypes were observed with the overall haplotype diversity (HD), discriminatory power (DC) and haplotype match probability (HMP) were 0.9999, 0.9814, and 0.0024, respectively. Guanzhong Han showed genetically affinity with Han ethnicity from Shanxi and Henan provinces, while far distant from Tibetan populations.ConclusionThis study offered a unique insight into Guanzhong Han population, the 38 Y‐STRs included in the the Yfiler™ Platinum system are highly polymorphic and informative and can be used for forensic practice and human genetic research.
Input of solid‐state 13C NMR to study permeation of wet archaeological bones by dicarboxylic fatty diacid‐based chemicals
Authors: Chaumat Gilles , Duval Florent , Blinder Rémi , Bayle Pierre‐Alain , Bardet Michel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractConservation treatment of degraded archaeological osseous materials is still an open challenge, since no specific conservation protocol is currently available for restorers or museum curators. This work aims to test the efficiency of two original consolidant solutions in consolidating archaeological material. Archaeological osseous materials remain rare and sparsely available, it is a real drawback for optimization of conservation treatments, therefore in the present work a set of representative samples was chosen. The consolidants tested were a solution of disodium sebacate and a novel polyalcohol (SG1.2) obtained by esterification of 5 succinic diacids with 6 molecules of glycerol at 150°C. Characterization studies of archaeological bones, combining SEM microscopy, IR spectroscopy and high‐resolution solid‐state 13C NMR investigations, have been carried out to assess the effective permeation of bone by the consolidant solutions and to determine their chemical interactions with the residual components of archaeological bones. Although both water solutions significantly impregnate bone, we show that, the solution with disodium sebacate leads to chemical attack on the mineral component due to preferential precipitation of endogenous calcium by the sebacate ions. Such deleterious behaviour is not observed at all with the SG1,2 chemicals. The added value of the polyalcohol treatment as strengthening agent suitable for archaeological bony materials should be further demonstrated by mechanical and ageing tests.
Creating a clinical platform for carbon‐13 studies using the sodium‐23 and proton resonances
Authors: Grist James T. , Hansen Esben S.S. , Sánchez‐Heredia Juan D. , McLean Mary A. , Tougaard Rasmus , Riemer Frank , Schulte Rolf F. , Kaggie Joshua D. , Ardenkjaer‐Larsen Jan Henrik , Laustsen Christoffer , Gallagher Ferdia A. 
Published: March 2020

PurposeCalibration of hyperpolarized13C‐MRI is limited by the low signal from endogenous carbon‐containing molecules and consequently requires13C‐enriched external phantoms. This study investigated the feasibility of using either23Na‐MRI or1H‐MRI to calibrate the13C excitation.MethodsCommercial13C‐coils were used to estimate the transmit gain and center frequency for13C and23Na resonances. Simulations of the transmitB1profile of a Helmholtz loop were performed. Noise correlation was measured for both nuclei. A retrospective analysis of human data assessing the use of the1H resonance to predict [1‐13C]pyruvate center frequency was also performed. In vivo experiments were undertaken in the lower limbs of 6 pigs following injection of hyperpolarized13C‐pyruvate.ResultsThe difference in center frequencies and transmit gain between tissue23Na and [1‐13C]pyruvate was reproducible, with a mean scale factor of 1.05179 ± 0.00001 and 10.4 ± 0.2 dB, respectively. Utilizing the1H water peak, it was possible to retrospectively predict the13C‐pyruvate center frequency with a standard deviation of only 11 Hz sufficient for spectral–spatial excitation‐based studies.ConclusionWe demonstrate the feasibility of using the23Na and1H resonances to calibrate the13C transmitB1using commercially available13C‐coils. The method provides a simple approach for in vivo calibration and could improve clinical workflow.