bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategies for fighting mitochondrial diseases
Authors: Viscomi C. , Zeviani M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMitochondrial diseases are extremely heterogeneous genetic conditions characterized by faulty oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). OXPHOS deficiency can be the result of mutation in mtDNA genes, encoding either proteins (13 subunits of the mitochondrial complexes I, III, IV and V) or the tRNA and rRNA components of the in situ mtDNA translation. The remaining mitochondrial disease genes are in the nucleus, encoding proteins with a huge variety of functions, from structural subunits of the mitochondrial complexes, to factors involved in their formation and regulation, components of the mtDNA replication and expression machinery, biosynthetic enzymes for the biosynthesis or incorporation of prosthetic groups, components of the mitochondrial quality control and proteostasis, enzymes involved in the clearance of toxic compounds, factors involved in the formation of the lipid milieu, etc. These different functions represent potential targets for ‘general’ therapeutic interventions, as they may be adapted to a number of different mitochondrial conditions. This is in contrast with ‘tailored’, personalized therapeutic approaches, such as gene therapy, cell therapy and organ replacement, that can be useful only for individual conditions. This review will present the most recent concepts emerged from preclinical work and the attempts to translate them into the clinics. The common notion that mitochondrial disorders have no cure is currently challenged by a massive effort of scientists and clinicians, and we do expect that thanks to this intensive investigation work and tangible results for the development of strategies amenable to the treatment of patients with these tremendously difficult conditions are not so far away.
Can arterial elasticity be estimated from heart rate variability response to paced 0.066 Hz sighing?
Authors: Vaschillo Bronya , Vaschillo Evgeny G. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractArterial elasticity is an important indicator of risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is influenced by both gradual vessel wall damage due to aging and disease and vascular tone that responds, at the moment, to system loading. Measuring changes in arterial elasticity are critical to early detection of CVD but can be time and resource intensive. This study proposes and tests a new method to approximate arterial elasticity from heart rate variability (HRV). ECG and pulse were simultaneously recording in 71 young healthy adults during three rhythmical sighing tasks paced at 0.02, 0.033, and 0.066 Hz. We evaluated arterial elasticity by measuring the reaction of pulse transit time (PTT) and RRI to each task specifically at the pacing frequency. The goal of the study was to describe our method, ground the methodology in current theory and mechanisms, and scientifically justify and validate this method by assessing differences in arterial elasticity in groups of healthy adults who differed in drinking behaviors. The amplitude PTT and HR oscillation responses at the pacing frequency were significantly correlated only when sighing was paced at 0.066 Hz. Both amplitudes also significantly correlated with power in the very low‐frequency range of the baseline HRV spectrum. Abnormalities in these measures were observed among binge drinking healthy adults compared to non‐drinkers and social drinkers. These preliminary results support using the HRV response to paced 0.066 Hz sighing as a correlate of arterial elasticity and warrant further study.
Neural and clinical changes of cognitive behavioural therapy versus talking control in patients with major depression: a study protocol for a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Katayama Nariko , Nakagawa Atsuo , Kurata Chika , Sasaki Yohei , Mitsuda Dai , Nakao Shigetsugu , Mizuno Sayuri , Ozawa Mire , Nakagawa Yuko , Ishikawa Natsumi , Umeda Satoshi , Terasawa Yuri , Tabuchi Hajime , Kikuchi Toshiaki , Abe Takayuki , Mimura Masaru 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionWhile major depression causes substantial distress and impairment for affected individuals and society, the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in treating the condition has been established. However, the therapeutic mechanism underlying the efficacy of CBT remains unknown. This study aimed to describe a protocol for a randomised controlled trial that will measure the CBT-induced clinical and neural changes in patients with non-psychotic major depression.Methods and analysisThe current study is a 16-week assessor-blinded, randomised, parallel-group trial with a 12-month follow-up as part of usual depression care at an outpatient clinic. Patients aged 20–69 years with major depressive disorder will be randomly assigned to receive either CBT in addition to their usual treatment or talking control in addition to their usual treatment for 16 weeks. The primary outcome is the functional changes in the brain areas that have been associated with future-oriented thinking at 16 weeks; secondary outcomes include changes in functional brain connectivity, severity and changes in the scores of objective and subjective clinical depression symptoms, proportion of responders and remitters and quality of life. The intention-to-treat analysis will be used.Ethics and disseminationAll protocols and the informed consent form are compliant with the Ethics Guideline for Clinical Research (Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare). Ethical Review Committees at the Keio University School of Medicine have approved the study protocol (version 3, 11 September 2017). We will disseminate research findings to scientific and general audiences through national and international conference presentations as well as lay summaries to the general public, including mental health consumer and publications in international peer-reviewed psychiatry and brain imaging journals.Trial registration numberUMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000018155); Pre-results.
Association between false positive glucose challenge test results and large-for-gestational-age infants: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shinohara Satoshi , Amemiya Atsuhito , Takizawa Motoi 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesThere is no consensus regarding a possible relation between false positive glucose challenge test (GCT) results and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants. This study aimed to clarify the association between false positive GCT results and LGA, after adjusting for potential confounding factors, using a large clinical dataset.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingNational Hospital Organisation Kofu National Hospital, which is a community hospital, between January 2012 and August 2019.ParticipantsJapanese women who underwent GCT between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation at the hospital were included. After excluding those with gestational diabetes mellitus, diabetes in pregnancy and multiple pregnancies, subjects were divided into a false positive GCT group (≥140 mg/dL) and a GCT negative group (<140 mg/dL).MethodsObstetric records of patients were examined. The χ2-test and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the association between false positive GCT results and LGA.Primary and secondary outcome measuresIncidence of LGA and the association between false positive GCT results and LGA.ResultsThe mean subject age was 31.4±5.5 years, with 43.3% nulliparity (n=974) and 2160 (96.1%) term deliveries. The incidence of LGA was 9.4% (211/2248) and 11.4% (257/2248) of the women had false positive GCT results. False positive GCT results were significantly associated with an increased risk of LGA (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.23), after controlling for maternal age, prepregnancy maternal weight, maternal weight gain during pregnancy and parity.ConclusionsIt appears that there is a significant association between false positive GCT results and LGA. Additional research is required to confirm these results and to investigate appropriate interventions for women with abnormal screens for gestational diabetes mellitus.
Impact of comorbidities on peak troponin levels and mortality in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Sundaram Varun , Rothnie Kieran , Bloom Chloe , Zakeri Rosita , Sahadevan Jayakumar , Singh Ajay , Nagai Toshiyuki , Potts James , Wedzicha Jadwiga , Smeeth Liam , Simon Daniel , Timmis Adam , Rajagopalan Sanjay , Quint Jennifer Kathleen 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesTo characterise peak cardiac troponin levels, in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), according to their comorbid condition and determine the influence of peak cardiac troponin (cTn) levels on mortality.MethodsWe included patients with the first admission for AMI in the UK. We used linear regression to estimate the association between eight common comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, previous angina, peripheral arterial disease, previous myocardial infarction (MI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), cerebrovascular disease, chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)) and peak cTn. Peak cTn levels were adjusted for age, sex, smoking status and comorbidities. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were employed to investigate the association between peak cTn and 180-day mortality for each comorbidity.Results330 367 patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction were identified. Adjusted peak cTn levels were significantly higher in patients with CKD (adjusted % difference in peak cTnT for CKD=42%, 95% CI 13.1 to 78.4) and significantly lower for patients with COPD, previous angina, previous MI and CHF when compared with patients without the respective comorbidities (reference group) (cTnI; COPD=−21.7%, 95% CI −29.1 to −13.4; previous angina=−24.2%, 95% CI −29.6 to −8.3; previous MI=−13.5%, 95% CI −20.6 to −5.9; CHF=−28%, 95% CI −37.2 to −17.6). Risk of 180-day mortality in most of the comorbidities did not change substantially after adjusting for peak cTn. In general, cTnI had a stronger association with mortality than cTnT.ConclusionsIn this nationwide analysis of patients presenting with AMI, comorbidities substantially influenced systemic concentrations of peak cTn. Comorbid illness is a significant predictor of mortality regardless of peak cTn levels and should be taken into consideration while interpreting cTn both as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
Cómo nos afecta lo que pasa en China
Authors: García Carlos 
Published: February 2020

Por primera vez se observa una posible desaceleración de la economía china. Ella solía ser el motor que quedaba funcionando cuando Europa, Japón, o Estados Unidos caían. ¿Qué nos podría pasar en este escenario?. Chile, 2012. ¿Se repetirá el crecimiento de 2011 o la economía se estancará como ha estado ocurriendo con otros países? Si consideramos los últimos datos de inflación, crecimiento (medido por el IMACEC) y desempleo, la economía chilena se estaría acercando a su pleno empleo. Continuar leyendo...
Gestión de la Inversión Pública en Salud a la UTI
Authors: García Carlos J. , López Felipe 
Published: February 2020

El uso de concesiones es una de las grandes políticas subsidiarias que los gobiernos de la concertación diseñaron para ofrecer ciertos bienes públicos como el transporte, carreteras, cárceles, puertos, aeropuertos y construcción de hospitales. Esta política consiste en que los privados se encargan de la inversión y el mantenimiento de dichos bienes por un determinado período de tiempo, a cambio de subsidios del Estado o pagos directos de los consumidores, como ocurre en el caso de las carreteras. Continuar leyendo...
LncRNAAK036396Inhibits Maturation and Accelerates Immunosuppression of Polymorphonuclear Myeloid–Derived Suppressor Cells by Enhancing the Stability of Ficolin B
Authors: Tian Xinyu , Zheng Yu , Yin Kai , Ma Jie , Tian Jie , Zhang Yue , Mao Lingxiang , Xu Huaxi , Wang Shengjun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) are emerging as crucial regulators of cell biology. However, the role of lncRNAs in the development and function of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC) remains unclear. Here, we identified that the lncRNA F730016J06Rik (AK036396) was highly expressed in PMN-MDSCs and that lncRNA AK036396 knockdown promoted the maturation and decreased the suppressive function of PMN-MDSCs. Ficolin B (Fcnb), the expression of which could be assessed as a surrogate for PMN-MDSC development, was the predicted target gene of lncRNA AK036396 based on microarray results. LncRNA AK036396 knockdown attenuated Fcnb protein stability in a manner dependent on the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Moreover, Fcnb inhibition downregulated the suppressive function of PMN-MDSCs. In addition, the expression of human M-ficolin, which is an ortholog of mouse Fcnb, was increased and positively correlated with arginase1 (ARG1) expression. This suppressive molecule is released by MDSCs, and its production is commonly used to represent the suppressive activity of MDSCs in patients with lung cancer, suggesting clinical relevance for these findings. These results indicate that lncRNA AK036396 can inhibit maturation and accelerate immunosuppression of PMN-MDSCs by enhancing Fcnb protein stability.
Angiosperm diversity in Bhadrak region of Odisha, India
Authors: Panda Taranisen , Pradhan Bikram Kumar , Mishra Rabindra Kumar , Rout Srusti Dhar , Mohanty Raj Ballav 
Published: February 2020

We present the information about angiosperm species in Bhadrak District of Odisha, India. In so doing, we assess the state of floristic knowledge across ecoregions of the district and pinpoint our understanding of the district flora. This study is first of its kind conducted in the district showing current status of the angiosperm diversity. A total of 383 species (262 native species and 121 non-native species) belonging to 282 genera under 93 families are recorded as per APG III classification. These taxa are distributed in 12 superorders and 39 orders; 26.7% of the native species were reported from the superorder Fabids, 20.6% from superorder Malvids, 19.8% from superorder Lamids and 15.6% from superorder Commelinids. One hundred and twenty one non-native species were represented in 12 superorders. Native species of the order Fabales (35), Poales and Lamiales (27) each, Malphigiales (18), Malvales (14), Gentianales (13), Carylophyllales and Solanales (12) each and Myrtales and Sapindales (11) each, account for about 68.7% of the species in the district. Eighty one non-native species belong to these orders. The analysis of the plant species based on growth habits showed highest proportion of herbs followed by trees, shrubs and climbers. Some of the reported species are used for the treatment of various ailments and also for edible purposes. Plant species diversity, distribution and population structure provide baseline information for conservation and sustainable management of available resources.
Occurrence and association of the Scarce Lilacfork Lethe dura gammiei (Moore, [1892]) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) with Woolly-leaved Oak Quercus lanata Smith, 1819 (Fabaceae) forest in the Kumaon region of the Indian Himalaya
Authors: Singh Arun P. , Singh Tribhuwan 
Published: February 2020

The current findings are the first site specific records of L.d.gammiei Moore,1892 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) from the Kumaon region of the Himalaya and its unique association with Woolly-leaved Oak, Q.lanata Smith, 1819 over there.
Differences in network centrality between high and low myopia: a voxel-level degree centrality study
Authors: Cheng Yi , Yan Li , Hu Liqun , Wu Hongyun , Huang Xin , Tian Yu , Wu Xiaorong 
Published: February 2020

Background Previous studies have linked high myopia (HM) to brain activity, and the difference between HM and low myopia (LM) can be assessed. Purpose To study the differences in functional networks of brain activity between HM and LM by the voxel-level degree centrality (DC) method. Material and Methods Twenty-eight patients with HM (10 men, 18 women), 18 patients with LM (4 men, 14 women), and 59 healthy controls (27 men, 32 women) were enrolled in this study. The voxel-level DC method was used to assess spontaneous brain activity. Correlation analysis was used to explore the change of average DC value in different brain regions, in order to analyze differences in brain activity between HM and LM. Results DC values of the right cerebellum anterior lobe/brainstem, right parahippocampal gyrus, and left caudate in HM patients were significantly higher than those in LM patients ( P < 0.05). In contrast, DC values of the left medial frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, and left inferior parietal lobule were significantly lower in patients with HM ( P < 0.05). However, there was no correlation between behavior and average DC values in different brain regions ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Different changes in brain regions between HM and LM may indicate differences in neural mechanisms between HM and LM. DC values could be useful as biomarkers for differences in brain activity between patients with HM and LM. This study provides a new method to assess differences in functional networks of brain activity between patients with HM and LM.
Effect of Taping of Thoracic and Abdominal Muscles on Pelvic Alignment and Forward Reach Distance Among Stroke Subjects: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mehta Megha , Joshua Abraham M. , Karthikbabu Suruliraj , Misri Zulkifli , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Mithra Prasanna , Nayak Akshatha 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: The objective of this study was to find the immediate as well as short-term effect on pelvic alignment and forward arm reach distance in sitting among stroke patients following thoracic spine and abdominal muscles taping along with conventional therapy. Methods: Thirty subjects with stroke attending the physiotherapy programme at Department of Physiotherapy at a tertiary care hospital underwent this randomized controlled experimental study. Subjects in the experimental group received taping, along with conventional physiotherapy treatment, for restricting thoracic kyphosis and facilitating abdominal muscles. Subjects in the control group received only conventional physiotherapy treatment. To assess the change in pelvic alignment and forward arm reach distance while sitting, Palpation MeterTM (PALMTM) and sit and reach test were used, respectively. Results: In the experimental group, pelvic obliquity was corrected (4.1 ± 0.94) and anterior pelvic tilt revealed improvement (4.9 ± 2.1, p value < 0.001). In the control group, no improvement in pelvic alignment was recorded. Improvement in forward arm reach distance was similar in both groups ( p value = 0.804). Conclusion: Taping as an adjunctive treatment method to physiotherapy can cause immediate as well as short-term improvement of pelvic alignment in sitting, following stroke. It also, immediately improves the sit and reach distance in the same population.
qTICI: Quantitative assessment of brain tissue reperfusion on digital subtraction angiograms of acute ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Prasetya Haryadi , Ramos Lucas A , Epema Thabiso , Treurniet Kilian M , Emmer Bart J , van den Wijngaard Ido R , Zhang Guang , Kappelhof Manon , Berkhemer Olvert A , Yoo Albert J , Roos Yvo BEWM , van Oostenbrugge Robert J , Dippel Diederik WJ , van Zwam Wim H , van der Lugt Aad , de Mol Bas AJM , Majoie Charles BLM , Bavel Ed van , Marquering Henk A ,   on behalf of the MR CLEAN Registry Investigators
Published: February 2020

Background The Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (TICI) scale is an important outcome measure to evaluate the quality of endovascular stroke therapy. The TICI scale is ordinal and observer-dependent, which may result in suboptimal prediction of patient outcome and inconsistent reperfusion grading. Aims We present a semi-automated quantitative reperfusion measure (quantified TICI (qTICI)) using image processing techniques based on the TICI methodology. Methods We included patients with an intracranial proximal large vessel occlusion with complete, good quality runs of anteroposterior and lateral digital subtraction angiography from the MR CLEAN Registry. For each vessel occlusion, we identified the target downstream territory and automatically segmented the reperfused area in the target downstream territory on final digital subtraction angiography. qTICI was defined as the percentage of reperfused area in target downstream territory. The value of qTICI and extended TICI (eTICI) in predicting favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0–2) was compared using area under receiver operating characteristics curve and binary logistic regression analysis unadjusted and adjusted for known prognostic factors. Results In total, 408 patients with M1 or internal carotid artery occlusion were included. The median qTICI was 78 (interquartile range 58–88) and 215 patients (53%) had an eTICI of 2C or higher. qTICI was comparable to eTICI in predicting favorable outcome with area under receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.63 vs. 0.62 (P = 0.8) and 0.87 vs. 0.86 (P = 0.87), for the unadjusted and adjusted analysis, respectively. In the adjusted regression analyses, both qTICI and eTICI were independently associated with functional outcome. Conclusion qTICI provides a quantitative measure of reperfusion with similar prognostic value for functional outcome to eTICI score.
A systematic review of the complications of contemporary total elbow arthroplasty
Authors: Parker Phoebe , Furness Nicholas D , Evans Jonathan P , Batten Timothy , White William J , Smith Christopher D 
Published: February 2020

Background Total elbow arthroplasty is a low volume procedure. We aimed to evaluate complication rates and cumulative percentages associated with the most frequently used contemporary implants and for the commonest indications. Methods A systematic literature search of all studies reporting complications following total elbow arthroplasty with 12-month minimum follow-up was undertaken. Quality of studies was assessed with the Methodological-Index-for-Non-Randomised-studies criteria. British NJR data identified the most common UK prostheses and indications. The complication rates for all undesirable events contributing to patient outcome were extracted and cumulative percentages were calculated. Results One hundred seventeen studies were screened, 12 studies included, totalling 815 procedures. Mean follow-up was 3.8 years. The overall complication cumulative percentage was 60.7%, significantly higher than that seen in other joint arthroplasty, including a 6.5% deep infection rate. Nerve injury was comparable between implants at around 4.1%. Radiographic loosening had a cumulative rate of 17.2%. Revision for symptomatic aseptic loosening was 6.3%. Conclusions This is the largest systematic review of the complications of total elbow arthroplasty. Surgeons should be aware of differing complications related to their implant of choice, each having its own specific complication. Trauma as an indication appears to have an increased complication rates compared to inflammatory arthropathy. There is a lack of literature regarding the independent results of osteoarthritis as a specific indication for total elbow arthroplasty.