bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unprecedented evolution and transcriptional reprogramming of CYP81E subfamily in Carthamus tinctorius during flavonoid biosynthesis
Authors: Jianyu Liu , Ahmad Naveed , Yingqi Hong , Wenkai Wang , Yueyang Liu , Xintong Ma , Noman Muhammad , Hoang Nguyen Quoc Viet , Na Yao , Xiuming Liu , Haiyan Li 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Cytochrome P450s are widely known as an important class of enzymes involved in multi-dimensional metabolic reactions which facilitate both primary and secondary metabolism in plants. Recent advances in genome sequencing of new plant species have greatly influenced our knowledge of the evolution of gene families. Herein, we present the extensive genome-wide identification study and early experimental groundwork of CtCYP81E subfamily extracted from safflower genome. The evolutionary divergence and several other molecular aspects of CtCYP81E enzymes were described with the help of phylogenetic reconstruction and robust in silico analysis. A total of 15 CtCYP81E candidate enzymes were identified and clustered together with A-type CYP71 clan of the model plant. The detail overview of their gene structures organization, conserved signatures motif, cis regulatory elements, Go functional categorization and protein-protein interaction network, respectively suggested novel insights for physiological and biosynthetic implications. Following multiple recombinant DNA approaches combined with the development of GPF fusion, heterologous expression, and transcriptional regulation network of CtCYP81E8 under normal and fluctuating environments, further functional validation was performed. The transient expression system using onion epidermal cells revealed the candidate protein's subcellular position to cell membrane. Similarly, the biochemical assay of recombinant CtCYP81E8 protein, effectively produced during heterologous expression, verified 2,4-dimethylphenol activity over different time periods. Moreover, the results of RNA-transcriptomic data and qRT-PCR analysis of 15 CtCYP81Es at different flowering stages indicated a differential expression levels defining their potential roles during safflower metabolite biosynthesis.Consequently, the transcriptional regulation of CtCYP81E exploited with various stress conditions indicated considerable susceptibility against these environmental drifts. Furthermore, the correlation analysis of CtCYP81E8 transcription and metabolite accumulation pattern in wild and mutant safflower lines also suggested positive outcomes during flower development. Although presumably, these results may be helpful in determining the fundamental idea of transcriptional regulation channels that strategically turn on the secondary metabolic pool of plant system in response cute environmental falls.
Allele Frequency Analysis Suggests Potentially Protective Effect in the Lithuanian Population
Authors: Zukauskaite Gabriele , Domarkiene Ingrida , Rancelis Tautvydas , Kavaliauskiene Ingrida , Baronas Karolis , Kucinskas Vaidutis , Ambrozaityte Laima 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background. In the scientific literature, a wide range of effect variants that protect against complex disease phenotypes has been identified. Analysis of these variants and overall genetic structure of isolated or, in our case, small populations is important in association analysis. When analysing admixture populations during GWAS, one could expect inaccuracies, which could be eliminated by choosing distinct populations as one of the interests of study. Population genetic structure determines similarities and differences between individuals or different groups of individuals and the factors that may lead to those differences. Results. In our study, we identified six missense effect variants in the Lithuanian population having frequencies that were significantly different compared to other European populations. Three of these effect variants may potentially protect against type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease.Conclusions. Even though high rates of these diseases in the Lithuanian population and other populations indicates the presence of environmental factors and the lack of knowledge about the interactions between regulatory regions and other effect variants. Identification of these effect variants is important not only to provide a better understanding of the microevolutionary processes and etiopathogenetic mechanisms, but also to develop disease prevention programs and novel, personalised therapies using genome editing or other genetic tools.
Identification and introgression of novel bacterial blight resistance from Oryza glaberrima Steud
Authors: Ajitha V , Laha G.S , Sundaram R.M , MS Anantha , Senguttuvel P , Muralidhara B , Lakshmi Ishwarya , Mandal Bidyasagar , Kemparaju KB , Subbarao L.V , Padmavathi G , Padma V , Channappa Gireesh 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Bacterial blight (BB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the major diseases affecting rice production in India and globally. Developing resistant cultivar is generally regarded as the most effective and economical means of controlling this dreaded disease.Results: A total of 31 accessions of O. glaberrima were screened for BB resistance consecutively for four seasons and 28 accessions consistently exhibited high level of resistance with a mean lesion length of < 3cm. Molecular characterization using gene specific markers revealed absence of major resistance genes viz., xa5, xa13, Xa21, Xa38, xa41(t) and xa45 in these accessions, indicating the possibility of presence of novel gene(s) conferring BB resistance. In order to transfer BB resistance from O. glaberrima, resistant accessions EC861812 showing high level of BB resistance was crossed to the susceptible rice cultivar, IR64 and resultant interspecific hybrid plants were further backcrossed to IR64. Backcrossing was done up to BC2 generation and during each generation of backcrossing, the plants were evaluated for their BB reaction to identify BB resistant ones. High level of spikelet sterility was observed in F1 and subsequent backcross generations. BB reactions pattern in F1 and BC1F2 indicated single dominant gene conferring BB resistance in EC861812. We identified six resistant plants at BC2F2 (with mean lesion length of 0.1-0.8 cm) which were genotyped with 70 parental polymorphic SSR markers. The recovery of recurrent parent genome among the six resistant lines was found to be 65.1 to 84.5% with average of 67.5%. Interestingly, analysis of BC2F2 population for yield attributing traits showed transgressive segregation for plant height, productive tillers, panicle length which indicates that O. glaberrima also harbor beneficial alleles for yield related traits. Conclusion: BB resistant introgression lines derived from O. glaberrima identified in the present study will serve as precious pre-breeding resources for development of durable BB resistant elite breeding varieties.
Single-Use Digital Flexible Ureteroscopes as A Potential Choice for the Treatment of Lower Pole Renal Stones: A Multicenter Case-Control Study
Authors: Yang Enguang , Jing Suoshi , Niu Yuanjie , Qi Shiyong , Yadav Prabin Kumar , Yang Li , Bao Junsheng , Tian Junqiang , Wang Juan , Li Ningchen , Ou Tongwen , Wang Zhiping 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: To compare the efficacy and safety of a single-use digital flexible ureteroscope (FURS) and a reusable FURS for the treatment of lower pole stones (LPS) smaller than 20 mm.Methods: A prospective case-control study was conducted using the clinical data from a multicenter, randomized, open-label clinical trial in four hospitals in China. A single-use digital FURS ZebraScope™ was utilized in the trial group during surgery, with a reusable FURS URF-V used in the control group. The efficacy endpoints assessed were the 1-month postsurgical stone-free rate (SFR), operative time, length of postoperative hospital stay, and mean reduction in hemoglobin level. The safety outcomes assessed were the presence of adverse events (AEs), severe AEs (SAEs), and postoperative complications.Results: In total, 49 patients with LPS underwent surgery using FURS. The demographic and preoperative parameters were comparable between the 2 groups. The 1-month SFR was 84.00% for the ZebraScope™ group and 58.33% for the URF-V group (P<0.05). There was no difference between the two groups in the operative time (P=0.665), the length of hospital stay (P=0.308), the presence of postoperative complications (P=0.307), the presence of AEs (P=0.483)，and the presence of SAEs (P = 0.141). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that single-use digital FURS is a safe and effective option and can offer higher SFR than the reusable FURS in the treatment of LPS smaller than 20 mm. We recommend single-use digital FURS as an alternative to reusable FURS for the treatment of LPS.Trial registration: The trial was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. The registration number: ChiCTR1900021615. Date of registration: 1/3/2019. This trial was registered retrospectively.
Relationship Between Occlusal Force and Endothelial Function in Community-Dwelling Elderly
Authors: Kato Kanna , Matsuda Naoko , Takahata Miki , Koseki Chika , Yamaki Michiyasu , Sato Toshiaki 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Prolonged healthy life expectancy, which is duration without the requirement of any kind of help for activities of daily living (ADL), is essential to ensure a long life with a good quality of living in the community. Further, local residents should understand their health conditions and live consciously to prolong healthy life expectancy. The development of a simple general health indicator is necessary. Both occlusal force and flow-medicated dilation (FMD) which reflects endothelial function are useful tools for understanding the general condition of the elderly. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between occlusal force and endothelial function. In the present study we examined this relationship, occlusal force measurement can be a good indicator of the general condition of the elderly. Methods: In 38 community-dwelling women(aged 76.7 ±5.7 years), we measured occlusal force,　grip strength, endothelial function evaluated by FMD, advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In this study we investigate we investigated the relationship between occlusal force, measurement items, and factors independently related to endothelial dysfunction (FMD<7％). Results: There were significantly correlation between occlusal force and grip strength (r=0.54, p<0.01). Degree of FMD significantly associated with occlusal force (r=0.60, p<0.01) and grip strength (r=0.35, p<0.05) or amount of increased AGEs (r=-0.37, p<0.05). Occlusal force was independently associated with degree of FMD after adjusting for age, AGEs, and grip strength (p < 0.05).Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between occlusal force and FMD. Occlusal force can be an important indicator of endothelial function in community-dwelling elderly. This study may help understanding general health of elderly in community.
Assessment of Mosquito Collection Methods for Dengue Surveillance
Authors: Garjito Triwibowo Ambar , Susanti Lulus , Mujiyono Mujiyono , Prihatin Mega Tyas , Susilo Dwi , Nugroho Sidiq Setyo , Mujiyanto Mujiyanto , Wigati Raden Ajeng , Satoto Tri Baskoro Tunggul , Manguin Sylvie , Gavotte Laurent , Frutos Roger 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSeveral methods exist to collect and assess the abundance of dengue vector mosquitoes, i.e. morning adult collection using an aspirator, pupal collection, various ovitraps, whole night collection using human landing methods, and larval collection. This diversity of methods might be a source of variability and lack of statistical significance when trying to correlate mosquito density and risk of dengue outbreak. There is also a lack of published data regarding the effectiveness of these methods MethodsA mosquito survey was conducted in 39 locations corresponding to 15 dengue endemic provinces in Indonesia. The larval surveys were performed by collecting at least a single Aedes larva from each container, and then reared up until hatching. Three adult mosquito sampling methods were also used, including morning resting collection, human landing collection, animal baited trap. All field samples were tested for dengue. Factor Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD) was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of the collection methods against mosquito species and dengue incidence.ResultsA total of 44,675 mosquitoes were collected. The single larva method was the most efficient method. Out of a total of 89 dengue-positive pools, the most frequently encountered virus was DENV2, which made up half of the positive samples, followed by DENV3 and DENV1, respectively. FAMD showed that no correlation could be found between any methods and the presence of dengue virus in mosquitoes. Moreover, no correlation could be found between either any methods or the incidence.Conclusions﻿There was no concistency in the efficacy of a given method and the incidence of dengue in the human population. There was no correlation between any of the parameters considered, i.e. method, incidence of dengue, location and presence of dengue virus in mosquitoes. This indicates that entomological factors are not reliable indicators.
Comparing Multimodality-Guided Transbronchial Lung Biopsy in Small Peripheral Pulmonary Nodules by Thin Bronchoscopy and Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy: A Randomised Trial
Authors: Disayabutr Supparerk , Ratnarathon Anuttra , Tscheikuna Jamsak 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundVarious modalities of guided bronchoscopy have been developed to improve the diagnostic yield of peripheral pulmonary nodule (PPN). The present study compared the diagnostic yield between thin bronchoscopy (TB) and electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) in diagnosis of PPN.MethodsThe patients with PPN less than or equal to 30 mm were randomly assigned into 2 groups, 4-mm thin bronchoscope (TB group) and 5.9-mm conventional bronchoscope with using ENB (the superDimension) system (ENB group). In both groups, we used radial probe endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS) and fluoroscopy to guide transbronchial lung biopsy.ResultsThe total of 49 patients were enrolled and randomized into TB group (n=24) and ENB group (n=25). Mean size of PPN was 22 mm. There was no difference in nodule size, location of nodule, the presence of CT bronchus sign and EBUS visualization between groups. The diagnostic yields were 73.9% and 66.7% in TB group and ENB group, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the diagnostic yield between two groups and the non-inferiority of the TB group could not be confirmed. Multivariate analysis showed that the diagnostic yield was significantly higher if there is CT bronchus sign (odd ratio 48.82, p = 0.031) and the bronchoscope can reach more airway depth (odd ratio 6.21, p = 0.023). The overall complication was 2% which is pneumothorax in one patient in the TB group.ConclusionsThe thin bronchoscopy has a comparable diagnostic yield as electromagnetic bronchoscopy in diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary nodule without serious complication.Trial registrationTCTR, TCTR20200224003. Registered 24 February 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.in.th/index.php?tp=regtrials&menu=trialsearch&smenu=fulltext&task=search&task2=view1&id=5834.
Instruments to Assess the Role of the Clinical Pharmacist: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chagas Marina Oliveira , Lima Tácio de Mendonça , Rebustini Flávio , Noll Matias , Queiroz Débora Penélope de Carvalho , Hernandes Janete Capel , Chaveiro Neuma , Barbosa Maria Alves , Porto Celmo Celeno 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The clinical pharmacist is an essential member of the health care team and plays an important role in health care. Therefore, knowledge regarding the instruments that evaluate the different activities of the clinical pharmacist, as well as the evaluation of the psychometric properties of these instruments, are necessary. Methods: A literature search was performed in the PubMed and Scopus electronic databases without time and language restrictions. For the search strategy, the "pharmaceutical services", "validation studies" and "professional performance" domains were used. To assess the quality of the instruments, the five sources of validity evidence of contemporary psychometry were used, and the Joanna Briggs Institute’s standardized instrument was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. After screening 4096 articles, 32 studies were selected. Results: It was found that the available instruments were developed or adapted from others, with variation in the methods, constructs, dimensions, and domains, as well as the psychometric properties. Most of the instruments addressed community pharmacies and evidence of content validity and internal structure was found most frequently. Conclusions: However, no validated instrument, enabling a comprehensive evaluation of all actions that pharmacists are legally qualified to perform, was found. Moreover, fragility of the instruments in concerning the psychometric properties and methodological procedures of the studies were found. Systematic Review registration: PROSPERO CRD 42018099912.
Biomarkers of lipid metabolism in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: relationship with subtype and inflammatory activity
Authors: Rodrigues Wellington Douglas Rocha , Sarni Roseli Oselka Saccardo , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso , Araujo Annelyse , Len Claudi Arnaldo , Terreri Maria Teresa 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: To describe the biomarkers of lipid metabolism in children and adolescents with polyarticular and systemic JIA and to relate them to diseases subtypes, diseases activity markers, and nutritional status. Methods: A cross-sectional study including 62 JIA patients was performed. The following variables were evaluated: disease activity and medications used, body mass index, height for age (z-score), skin folds (bicipital, tricipital, subscapular and suprailiac), food intake based on three 24-hour food recalls, lipid profile (total cholesterol (CT), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG) and non-HDL (N-HDLc), glycemia and insulin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (us-CRP) and apolipoproteins A-I and B (Apo A-I and Apo B).Results: Dyslipidemia was observed in 83.3% of the patients. Based on classical lipid profile, low HDL-c levels was the most frequently alteration observed. Inadequate levels of LDL-c, Apo B and NHDL-c were significantly more frequent in the systemic JIA subtype when compared to the polyarticular subtype (p = 0.017, 0.001 and 0.042 respectively). Patients on biological therapy had a better adequacy of Apo A-I concentrations. The ESR showed a negative correlation with Apo A-I level (r = -0.25, p = 0.047).Conclusion: We concluded that dyslipidemia is common in patients with JIA, especially in systemic subtype. The systemic subtype and an elevated ESR were associated with lower concentrations of Apo A-I, suggesting the participation of the inflammatory process.
Numerical Modeling of the Disappearance of Equatorial Plasma Dubble by the Nighttime Medium-scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances
Authors: Chou Min-Yang , Lin Charles C. H. , Huba Joseph D. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Naval Research Laboratory first-principles ionosphere model SAMI3/ESF is performed to study the interaction between the nighttime medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) and equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs). The synthetic Es layer instability driven by the external dynamo currents are imposed into the potential equation to induce polarization electric fields for generating the MSTIDs. Simulations demonstrate that the MSTIDs alone can inhibit the upward growth of EPBs, but are insufficient to explain the disappearance of EPBs. The meridional winds are necessary to comprehend the underlying mechanism. The zonal and vertical E × B drifts of MSTIDs also affect the morphology of EPBs that could result in a reverse-C shape structure.
Association of Peptic Ulcer Disease with Obesity, Serum Insulin Level and Lipid Profile
Authors: Forghani Foroogh , Mirhashemi Mahboube 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: PUD is a common and important type of gastrointestinal disease. Determination of contributing factors for PUD is an important issue for the development of preventive approaches. In this study, the association of Peptic Ulcer Disease with Obesity and Serum Insulin and Lipid Profile was studied.Methods: In this case-control study in Modarres Hospital in Tehran in 2019 among 170 consecutive subjects including 90 patients with PUD and 80 cases without it were enrolled and sampling tools were checklists. Serum Insulin and Lipid Profile and BMI were compared across the groupsResults: The results in this study demonstrated that Serum Insulin and Lipid Profile and BMI had no statistically significant difference between those patients with and without presence of PUD (P > 0.05).Conclusion: This study showed no statistically significant difference between those patients with and without the presence of PUD from points of Serum Insulin and Lipid Profile and BMI.
Occupational Exposure to Glyphosate and Risk of Lymphoma: Results of an Italian Multicenter Case-Control Study
Authors: Meloni Federico , Satta Giannina , Padoan Marina , Montagna Andrea , Pilia Ilaria , Argiolas Alessandra , Piro Sara , Magnani Corrado , Gambelunghe Angela , Muzi Giacomo , Ferri Giovanni Maria , Vimercati Luigi , Zanotti Roberta , Scarpa Aldo , Zucca Mariagrazia , Matteis Sara De , Campagna Marcello , Miligi Lucia , Cocco Pierluigi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) recently classified glyphosate, the most used herbicide worldwide, as a probable human carcinogen. We inquired into the association between occupational exposure to glyphosate and risk of lymphoma subtypes in a multicenter case-control study conducted in Italy. MethodsThe Italian Gene-Environment Interactions in Lymphoma Etiology (ItGxE) study took place in 2011-17 in six Italian centres. Overall, 867 incident lymphoma cases and 774 controls participated in the study. Based on detailed questionnaire information, occupational experts classified duration, confidence, frequency, and intensity of exposure to glyphosate for each study subject. Using unconditional regression analysis, we modelled risk of major lymphoma subtypes associated with exposure to glyphosate adjusted by age, gender, education, and study centre. ResultsVery few study subjects (2.2%) were classified as ever exposed to glyphosate. Risk of follicular lymphoma (FL) was elevated 7-fold in subjects classified as ever exposed to glyphosate with medium-high confidence, 4.5-fold in association with medium-high cumulative exposure level, 12-fold with medium-high exposure intensity, and 6-fold with exposure for 10 days or more per year. Significant upward trends were detected with all the exposure metrics, but duration. The overall p-value for an upward trend with four independent metrics was 1.88 x 10-4. There was no association with risk of lymphoma (any subtype), Non Hodgkin Lymphoma, B-cell lymphoma, or the major lymphoma subtypes other than FL. ConclusionsOur findings provide limited support to the IARC decision to classify glyphosate as Group 2A human carcinogen.