bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytokine regulation of female‐macrophage resistance to Leishmania mexicana parasites. Role of IL‐12p70
Authors: Isaac‐Márquez Angélica P. , Lezama‐Dávila Claudio M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn previous studies, carried out in humans, we showed that females are resistant to Leishmania mexicana infection. We also showed that 17β‐estradiol (E2) induces killing of parasites inside of murine macrophages. In this work, we compared, for the first time, L mexicana survival inside of male (male BMDM) and female (female BMDM) bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDM) treated in vitro with E2 or dihydrotestosterone (DHT). We also compared their levels of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐10, IL‐12p70 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF‐α). We found that female BMDM are a lot less susceptible to infection as compared with male BMDM. 17β‐estradiol induced killing of most parasites inside of female BMDM. Dihydrotestosterone, on the other hand, induced some parasite killing inside of some infected male BMDM. Interleukin‐6 levels were higher in female BMDM treated with either hormone. Neither TNF‐α nor IL‐10 levels showed significant differences compared with sham controls. Interestingly IL‐12p70 was more abundantly produced by sham female BMDM as compared with sham male BMDM. Only female BMDM treated with E2 trigger a robust IL‐12p70 production, but it was significantly reduced in male BMDM. This suggests IL‐12p70 is an important factor in female‐macrophage resistance to L mexicana parasites.
Interpreting our emotions
Authors: Kirsch Julie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis essay looks at the important, but often neglected, contribution that self‐interpretation makes to emotional self‐knowledge. We engage in acts of self‐interpretation when (A) we try to understand what it is that we are feeling, or, relatedly, what it is that weoughtto be feeling. On such occasions, we draw upon social and personal narratives as well as on the emotional conceptual repertoires at our disposal. We also engage in acts of self‐interpretation when (B) we try to ascertain the meaning or significance of an emotion, treating it as a datum, or piece of evidence, upon which to make inferences or further Interpretations. Although we often seem to have first‐person privileged access to our mental states, the third‐person strategy of self‐interpretation can be a valuable source of self‐knowledge. I focus here upon the role that self‐interpretation plays in providing us with knowledge about our emotional experiences.
Roles of Vegetable Surface Properties and Sanitizer Type on Annual Disease Burden of Rotavirus Illness by Consumption of Rotavirus‐Contaminated Fresh Vegetables: A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment
Authors: Fuzawa Miyu , Smith Rebecca Lee , Ku Kang‐Mo , Shisler Joanna L. , Feng Hao , Juvik John A. , Nguyen Thanh H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEnteric viruses are often detected in water used for crop irrigation. One concern is foodborne viral disease via the consumption of fresh produce irrigated with virus‐contaminated water. Although the food industry routinely uses chemical sanitizers to disinfect post‐harvest fresh produce, it remains unknown how sanitizer and fresh produce properties affect the risk of viral illness through fresh produce consumption. A quantitative microbial risk assessment model was conducted to estimate (i) the health risks associated with consumption of rotavirus (RV)‐contaminated fresh produce with different surface properties (endive and kale) and (ii) how risks changed when using peracetic acid (PAA) or a surfactant‐based sanitizer. The modeling results showed that the annual disease burden depended on the combination of sanitizer and vegetable type when vegetables were irrigated with RV‐contaminated water. Global sensitivity analyses revealed that the most influential factors in the disease burden were RV concentration in irrigation water and postharvest disinfection efficacy. A postharvest disinfection efficacy of higher than 99% (2‐log10) was needed to decrease the disease burden below the World Health Organization (WHO) threshold, even in scenarios with low RV concentrations in irrigation water (i.e., river water). All scenarios tested here with at least 99.9% (3‐log10) disinfection efficacy had a disease burden lower than the WHO threshold, except for the endive treated with PAA. The disinfection efficacy for the endive treated with PAA was only about 80%, leading to a disease burden 100 times higher than the WHO threshold. These findings should be considered and incorporated into future models for estimating foodborne viral illness risks.
Interoceptive deficits differentiate suicide groups and associate with self‐injurious thoughts and behaviors in a military sample
Authors: Smith April R. , Dodd Dorian R. , Ortiz Shelby , Forrest Lauren N. , Witte Tracy K. 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivePrevious research shows that interoceptive deficits are associated with harmful behaviors such as nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI), eating disorder pathology, and suicide attempts. The present study replicates and extends this area of research by examining the association between interoceptive deficits and suicidality in a military sample.MethodIn Study 1, respondents to an online survey (N = 134) answered self‐report questionnaires related to interoceptive deficits. Study 2 consisted of a secondary data analysis of 3,764 military service members who had previously completed questionnaires on interoceptive indicators, NSSI, suicide thoughts and attempts, and other psychopathology.ResultsStudy 1 demonstrated that our interoceptive deficits latent variable had adequate psychometric properties. In Study 2, multigroup confirmatory factor analysis showed that scores on the interoceptive deficits latent variable were highest among suicide attempters, lowest among those with no suicide history, and intermediary among participants who had thought about but not attempted suicide. The interoceptive deficits latent variable was more strongly related to NSSI and suicidality than were posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, hopelessness, gender, and age.ConclusionsThese results confirm—and extend to a military sample—previous research showing that interoceptive deficits can provide important information about suicide risk.
Effect of long‐term balanced and imbalanced inorganic fertilizer and FYM application on chemical fraction of DTPA‐extractable micronutrients and yields under rice–wheat cropping system in mollisols
Authors: Bhatt Manoj K. , Raverkar Kiran P. , Chandra Ramesh , Pareek Navneet , Labanya Rini , Kumar Vineet , Kaushik Shikhar , Singh Dhananjay K. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers under intensive cultivation practices over a period of years leads to various soil‐associated problems particularly nutrient availability. Thus, to examine the effect of long‐term application of balanced and imbalanced inorganic fertilizer and farm yard manure (FYM) application on the chemical fraction of DTPA‐extractable micronutrients under rice–wheat cropping system after 29 years, the observations were recorded from the ongoing field experiment at Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India. An application of balanced inorganic fertilizer with FYM in rice, while without FYM in wheat significantly improved the DTPA‐extractable Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu after rice and wheat crops in both the surface and sub‐surface soil layers. Lowest DTPA‐extractable Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu were recorded, in surface and sub‐surface soil under rice and wheat crops in control. The highest DTPA‐extractable Zn, in both surface and sub‐surface layers of rice (3.31, 1.62 mg kg−1, respectively) and wheat (2.96, 0.99 mg kg−1, respectively) was recorded because of application of N180+P80+K40+Zn(F) + FYM in rice and N180+P80+K40+Zn(F) in wheat. However, the DTPA‐extractable Fe, Mn and Cu were highest in rice and wheat because of N120+P40+K40+FYM and N120+P40+K40 application, respectively. The balanced use of inorganic fertilizer with FYM (N180+P80+K40+Zn(F) + FYM) in rice and without FYM [N180+P80+K40+Zn(F)] in wheat supported the highest rice (6.74 t ha−1) and wheat (3.50 t ha−1) grain yields, while lowest in control. Based on the study results, long‐term application of FYM at 5 tonnes ha−1 in rice crop sustained the availability of DTPA‐extractable cationic micronutrients to rice and wheat in Mollisols.
The Role of Welfare in Locational Choices: Modelling Intra‐European Migration Decisions Across the Life‐Course
Authors: de Jong Petra W. , Adserà Alícia , de Valk Helga A. G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this study, we add to the literature by investigating the role of welfare states in intra‐European migration decisions between 25 countries (2003‐2008). Distinguishing between three welfare programmes (unemployment, family and old‐age benefits) we tested whether social expenditure on each of these arrangements particularly influenced locational choices of individuals within the age groups covered by the respective welfare policy. Findings from a conditional logit model showed a positive impact of spending on family benefits on the locational choices of young adults moving together with children, and of spending on old‐age benefits on the locational choices of individuals close to or above retirement age. In contrast, a negative impact of unemployment spending was found on locational choices in general, and those of working‐age adults in particular. Our results highlight the importance of further disentangling the often‐used general welfare spending measure when studying the link between welfare and migration.
Scavenging for LGBTQ2S Public Library Visibility on Vancouver’s Periphery
Authors: Bain Alison L. , Podmore Julie A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper uses mixed methods to scavenge and analyse lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer and two‐spirit (LGBTQ2S) resources and visibility in public library branches on the periphery of the Vancouver city‐region in the suburban municipalities of Surrey, Burnaby, and New Westminster. It argues that in Canadian suburbs, where access to LGBTQ2S community resources are limited, libraries are simultaneously key public sites of engagement for LGBTQ2S people and places where they continue to face dominant socio‐cultural power relations of hetero and cis‐normativity that determine the availability, visibility, and accessibility of queer materials. Scavenging for queerness within virtual and material library spaces, this paper demonstrates that suburban libraries hold the promise of information and equity while also reinforcing LGBTQ2S absence, invisibility, and exclusion. The promise of social inclusion is carried forward by a few insider activist and ally librarians who act as political change agents within library systems and specific branches by creating queer‐friendly collections, spaces, and programming.
The United States' potential blood donor pool: updating the prevalence of donor‐exclusion factors on the pool of potential donors
Authors: To Lennie , Dunnington Tyler , Thomas Christy , Love Kailey , McCullough Jeffrey , Riley William 
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND/CASE STUDIESDespite decreased blood use, there are supply limitations. Therefore, it is important to determine the number of people potentially eligible to donate blood. This study updates an analysis from 2007 to estimate the pool of eligible blood donors in the United States.STUDY DESIGN/METHODSWe developed a revised epidemiologic model to account for changes in donor exclusion factors based on AABB standards. Donor exclusionary factors were identified and epidemiologic databases selected to enumerate the population prevalence of the donor exclusion factors. Prevalence data were adjusted for age, duration of exclusion, and comorbidities. The number of excluded individuals is calculated to estimate the current size of the eligible blood donor pool. The current study incorporates changes in demographic characteristics that have altered the pool of eligible blood donors.RESULTS/FINDINGSThe pool of eligible blood donors increased by approximately 93.9 million from 111 million persons in 2007 to 204.9 million persons in 2018, while the population of the United States increased by 34 million persons (from 293 million to 327 million). The number of donor exclusion factors increased from 31 to 38. Overall, the pool of eligible blood donors increased from 37.9% to 62.6% of the total population.The single largest change impacting the pool of eligible blood donors is the inclusion of individuals 65 years and older, increasing the eligible blood donor pool by 51 million of the new 93.9 million persons However, this increase in number of potential donors 65 years and older is offset by a corresponding increase in the prevalence of donor exclusion factor impact in individuals aged 65 years and above.CONCLUSIONA very large number of people are potentially eligible to donate blood. Therefore, blood supply limitations appear to be due to other factors. We suggest that these factors are differences in social commitments by changing demographic populations and the elimination of high‐cost blood collection operations by blood suppliers.
NBLSTM: Noisy and Hybrid Convolutional Neural Network and BLSTM-Based Deep Architecture for Remaining Useful Life Estimation
Authors: Al-Dulaimi Ali , Zabihi Soheil , Asif Amir , Mohammed Arash 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSmart manufacturing and industrial Internet of things (IoT) have transformed the maintenance management concept from the conventional perspective of being reactive to being predictive. Recent advancements in this regard has resulted in development of effective prognostic health management (PHM) frameworks, which coupled with deep learning architectures have produced sophisticated techniques for remaining useful life (RUL) estimation. Accurately predicting the RUL significantly empowers the decision-making process and allows deployment of advanced maintenance strategies to improve the overall outcome in a timely fashion. In light of this, the paper proposes a novel noisy deep learning architecture consisting of multiple models designed in parallel, referred to as noisy and hybrid deep architecture for remaining useful life estimation (NBLSTM). The proposed NBLSTM is designed by integration of two parallel noisy deep architectures, i.e., a noisy convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract spatial features and a noisy bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) to extract temporal information learning the dependencies of input data in both forward and backward directions. The two paths are connected through a fusion center consisting of fully connected multilayers, which combines their outputs and forms the target predicted RUL. To improve the robustness of the model, the NBLSTM is trained based on noisy input signals leading to significantly robust and enhanced generalization behavior. Through 100 Monte Carlo simulation runs performed under three different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values, it can be noted that utilization of the noisy training enhanced the results by reducing the standard deviation (std) between 9% and 67% across different settings in terms of the root-mean-square error (RMSE) and between 21% and 63% in terms of the score value. The proposed NBLSTM model is evaluated and tested based on the commercial modular aero-propulsion system simulation (C-MAPSS) dataset provided by NASA, illustrating state-of-the-art results in comparison with its counterparts.
Icequake streaks linked to potential mega-scale glacial lineations beneath an Antarctic ice stream
Authors: Barcheck C. Grace , Schwartz Susan Y. , Tulaczyk Slawek 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIcequakes radiating from an ice-stream base provide insights into otherwise difficult to observe sub-kilometer-scale basal heterogeneity. We detect basal icequakes beneath an ∼3-km-wide seismic sensor network installed on the Whillans Ice Plain (WIP) in West Antarctica, and we use S-wave back-projection to detect and locate thousands of basal icequakes occurring over 14 and 21 days in January 2014 and 2015, respectively. We find flow-parallel streaks of basal icequakes beneath the WIP, which we conjecture are related to the presence of mega-scale glacial lineations (MSGLs) indicated by ice-penetrating radar, with at least one streak originating in a local trough adjacent to a MSGL. Patterned basal seismicity can be caused by systematic spatial variation in basal pore pressure, bed-material frictional properties, or both. We interpret these flow-parallel icequake streaks as being due to frictionally heterogeneous bed materials in the presence of a streamlined ice-stream bed: bedform ridges correspond to aseismic, high-porosity deforming till, and some troughs to ephemeral exposures of deeper, seismogenic material such as lodged till or older sediments or rocks. Our results are consistent with MSGL formation by either erosion in troughs to expose deeper seismogenic material, or deposition of aseismic high-porosity till in bedform highs. Our results also suggest that evolving subglacial geomorphology can impact basal traction by reorganizing the spatial distribution of basal materials with varying mechanical properties.
Evolution of the melt source during protracted crustal anatexis: An example from the Bhutan Himalaya
Authors: Hopkinson Thomas , Harris Nigel , Roberts Nick M.W. , Warren Clare J. , Hammond Sam , Spencer Christopher J. , Parrish Randall R. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The chemical compositions of magmatic zircon growth zones provide powerful insight into evolving magma compositions due to their ability to record both time and the local chemical environment. In situ U-Pb and Hf isotope analyses of zircon rims from Oligocene–Miocene leucogranites of the Bhutan Himalaya reveal, for the first time, an evolution in melt composition between 32 and 12 Ma. The data indicate a uniform melt source from 32 Ma to 17 Ma, and the progressive addition of an older source component to the melt from at least ca. 17 Ma. Age-corrected ɛHf ratios decrease from between −10 and −15 down to values as low as −23 by 12 Ma. Complementary whole-rock Nd isotope data corroborate the Hf data, with a progressive decrease in ɛNd(t) from ca. 18 to 12 Ma. Published zircon and whole-rock Nd data from different lithotectonic units in the Himalaya suggest a chemical distinction between the younger Greater Himalayan Series (GHS) and the older Lesser Himalayan Series (LHS). The time-dependent isotopic evolution shown in the leucogranites demonstrates a progressive increase in melt contribution from older lithologies, suggestive of increasing LHS involvement in Himalayan melting over time. The time-resolved data are consistent with LHS material being progressively accreted to the base of the GHS from ca. 17 Ma, facilitated by deformation along the Main Central thrust. From 17 Ma, decompression, which had triggered anatexis in the GHS since the Paleogene, enabled melting in older sources from the accreted LHS, now forming the lowermost hanging wall of the thrust.
Continuous glucose monitoring in older people with diabetes and memory problems: a mixed-methods feasibility study in the UK
Authors: Mattishent Katharina , Lane Kathleen , Salter Charlotte , Dhatariya Ketan , May Helen M , Neupane Sankalpa , Loke Yoon K 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesOlder people with diabetes are at increased risk of harm from hypoglycaemia, particularly where there are coexisting memory problems. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) offers important benefits in terms of detecting hypoglycaemia, but the feasibility of use and extent of data capture has not been tested in this patient group. Our objective was to investigate the feasibility of trialling a CGM intervention in the community setting in older people with diabetes and memory problems.DesignMixed-methods feasibility study.SettingCommunity dwellings in the UK.ParticipantsPatients aged ≥65 with diabetes and abbreviated mental test score ≤8 or known dementia.InterventionFreeStyle Libre CGM.Primary and secondary outcome measuresFeasibility criteria were numbers of eligible patients, recruitment, attrition, extent of capture of glucose readings and adverse events. Qualitative interview.ResultsWe identified 49 eligible participants; 17 consented, but 5 withdrew before recording of data because they or their carers felt unable to manage study procedures. 12 participants (mean age 85 years) completed the study without adverse events. Data capture across 14 days ranged between 3% and 92% (mean 55%); 6 participants had <60% capture. Hypoglycaemic events were recorded in six out of nine insulin users. Qualitative interviews found: the device does not interfere with daily activities, usability and comfort was positive, and it was helpful for carers in monitoring participants’ glucose concentrations.ConclusionsThe device was acceptable to participants, and carers reported greater ease in monitoring the participant’s glucose concentrations. However, completeness of data capture varied considerably with this device due to the need for users to conduct ≥3 scans per day. Real-time devices with automated data transfer may be more suitable in older people with memory problems.
Mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke patients under venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Le Guennec Loic , Schmidt Matthieu , Clarençon Frédéric , Elhfnawy Ahmed Mohamed , Baronnet Flore , Kalamarides Michel , Lebreton Guillaume , Luyt Charles-Edouard 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundUse of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) in adult patients to treat refractory cardiogenic shock has increased in recent years, and ischemic stroke is the most frequent VA-ECMO-induced cerebrovascular complication. No adult case of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has been reported.MethodsRetrospective observational study of hospital medical records of patients who received circulatory support with VA-ECMO with acute ischemic stroke treated with MT, from 2006 to 2018.ResultsTwo adult patients on VA-ECMO with acute ischemic stroke treated with MT were found. Both cases were successfully treated.ConclusionThese cases illustrate the feasibility of performing MT in adult patients on ECMO.
Undirected Zero-Divisor Graphs and Unique Product Monoid Rings
Authors: Hashemi Ebrahim , Alhevaz Abdollah 
Published: November 2019

Let R be an associative ring with identity and Z*(R) be its set of non-zero zero-divisors. The undirected zero-divisor graph of R, denoted by Γ(R), is the graph whose vertices are the non-zero zero-divisors of R, and where two distinct vertices r and s are adjacent if and only if rs = 0 or sr = 0. The distance between vertices a and b is the length of the shortest path connecting them, and the diameter of the graph, diam(Γ(R)), is the superimum of these distances. In this paper, first we prove some results about Γ(R) of a semi-commutative ring R. Then, for a reversible ring R and a unique product monoid M, we prove 0≤ diam(Γ(R))≤ diam(Γ(R[M]))≤3. We describe all the possibilities for the pair diam(Γ(R)) and diam(Γ(R[M])), strictly in terms of the properties of a ring R, where R is a reversible ring and M is a unique product monoid. Moreover, an example showing the necessity of our assumptions is provided.