bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sphingomyelin(d35:1) as a novel predictor for lung adenocarcinoma recurrence after a radical surgery: a case control study
Authors: Takanashi Yusuke , Funai Kazuhito , Sato Shumpei , Kawase Akikazu , Tao Hong , Takahashi Yutaka , Sugimura Haruhiko , Setou Mitsutoshi , Kahyo Tomoaki , Shiiya Norihiko 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
To improve the postoperative prognosis of patients with lung cancer, predicting the recurrence high-risk patients is needed for the efficient application of adjuvant chemotherapy. However, predicting lung cancer recurrence after a radical surgery is difficult even with conventional histopathological prognostic factors, thereby a novel predictor should be identified. As lipid metabolism alterations are known to contribute to cancer progression, we hypothesized that lung adenocarcinomas with high recurrence risk contain candidate lipid predictors. This study aimed to identify candidate lipid predictors for the recurrence of lung adenocarcinoma after a radical surgery.
Methods
Frozen tissue samples of primary lung adenocarcinoma obtained from patients who underwent a radical surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Recurrent and non-recurrent cases were assigned to recurrent (n = 10) and non-recurrent (n = 10) groups, respectively. Extracted lipids from frozen tissue samples were subjected to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. The average total lipid levels of the non-recurrent and recurrent groups were compared. Candidate predictors were screened by comparing the folding change and P-value of t-test in each lipid species between the recurrent and non-recurrent groups.
Results
The average total lipid level of the recurrent group was 1.65 times higher than that of the non-recurrent group (P < 0.05). A total of 203 lipid species were increased (folding change, ≥ 2; P < 0.05) and 4 lipid species were decreased (folding change, ≤ 0.5; P < 0.05) in the recurrent group. Among these candidates, increased sphingomyelin (SM)(d35:1) in the recurrent group was the most prominent candidate predictor, showing high performance of recurrence prediction (AUC, 9.1; sensitivity, 1.0; specificity, 0.8; accuracy, 0.9).
Conclusion
We propose SM(d35:1) as a novel candidate predictor for lung adenocarcinoma recurrence. Our finding can contribute to precise recurrence prediction and qualified postoperative therapeutic strategy for lung adenocarcinomas.
Malaria Incidence and Associated Risk Factors in and Around Anger Gute Town, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Dufera Mebrate , Kenea Oljira , Tadele Geleta 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Malaria is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. About 75% of the total area of the country is an area of malaria transmission and an estimated 68% of the Ethiopian population is at risk from malaria. Therfore, this study was aimed to evaluate local malaria incidence and associated risk factors in and around Anger Gute town, East Wollega Zone,Oromia Regional State, Western Ethiopia. Methods: Health-facility based cross-sectional study was carried out from June to December 2018. 462 malaria suspected patients attending three health posts and one health center were included in the study. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and laboratory diagnosis of malaria. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0 for windows. Logistic regression was used to examine the effect of each independent variable on incidence of malaria. P values of less or equal to 0.05 were considered significant. Results : Of 462 malaria suspected cases, 122 (26.4%) had Plasmodium infection which was confirmed by microscopy or RDT. 64.75 %, 32 % and 3.75% of malaria was caused by P. falciparum, P. vivax and mixed infections respectively. Malaria incidence in and around Anger Gute town from June to December 2018 was found to be 0.343 % (122/ 35, 585). No significant difference in incidence of malaria was found by sex and age categories of study participants (P>0.05). Incidence of malaria was significantly lower in urban kebeles compared to rural kebeles (COR= 0.359, P=0.00). Incidence of malaria was significantly associated with presence of stagnant water nearby living house (AOD=186.3, P=0.000), utilization of bed net (AOD=0.08, P=0.000), and IRS (AOD=0.056,P=0.03). Six years malaria trend analysis at Anger Gute Health Center showed that number of confirmed malaria cases was significantly decreased in 2014 - 2018 as compared to 2013. Since 2014; numbers of confirmed malaria cases have been more or less constant in Anger Gute health center. Conclusions: Incidence of malaria in and around Anger Gute town was 3.43 per 1000 population at risk of the disease during the study period and was lower than recent incidence of malaria reported from Ethiopia. Trend analysis of malaria from 2014 to 2018 indicated nearly unchanged numbers of malaria cases. This shows presence of low sustained malaria transmission. Integrated vector control efforts are needed to suppress transmission that lead to elimination of the disease in the study setting. Key words: Anger Gute, malaria, malaria incidence
Evaluation of standardized training effect for surgery residents based on WeChat public platform
Authors: Xiao Jianchun , Zhou Ruilin , Lin Chen , Zhou Jiaolin , Ye Xin , Wu Bin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Recent years, with the wide application of WeChat, new teaching methods have been established. Current teaching reforms are mainly based on the usage of WeChat’s group chat function. We intend to establish our teaching reform based on WeChat platform function instead of the traditional group chat function. To explore the feasibility and teaching effect of a new teaching model based on WeChat public platform in standardized training and teaching of surgical residents, we designed this study.
Methods

Residents who underwent standardized training of residents in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2019 to December 2019 were assisted by using “PUMCH surgical standardized training”, which is a teaching product based on WeChat platform. “PUMCH surgical standardized training” WeChat public platform comprise regular lectures, trainings, classroom notes, extra-curricular reading and many other learning materials, which can all be easily downloaded from WeChat platform, providing a new teaching method for medical students. After one year of training, teaching evaluation was conducted through objective structured clinical examinations. Compare objective structured clinical examination results with previous years.
Results

Residents who received WeChat public platform teaching had higher clinical operation and clinical speculative scores than residents who received traditional teaching. There were no other teaching reforms taken place during this year, and the difficulty of the tests were the same. To eliminate the impact of clinical experience on test scores, we selected two different groups of students in our training. The results of the questionnaire showed that residents thought WeChat public platform assisted teaching was superior to traditional teaching.
Conclusion

The teaching interaction of WeChat public platform is helpful to improve the teaching effect of surgical resident physician training, and the application effect is satisfactory.
Myofibroma/myofibromatosis: MDCT and MR imaging findings in 24 patients with radiological-pathological correlation
Authors: Yi Kun-ming , Chen Kang , Ma Qiang , Wang Lu , Li Ran , Wang Yi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to characterize the radiological features of myofibroma on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and correlate the imaging findings with pathologic features. Methods: The radiological findings of 24 patients with 29 myofibromas were retrospectively reviewed. All images were evaluated with emphasis on density, signal intensity, hypointense area, and enhancement, correlating these with pathologic findings. Results: On plain MDCT scan, 4(26.7%) tumors were homogeneous isodensity, 4(26.7%) tumors were heterogeneous hyperdensity, and 7(46.7%) tumors were heterogeneous hypodensity. On contrast-enhanced MDCT scan, all tumors (9/9) showed heterogeneous enhancement with moderate in 3(33.3%) and marked in 6(66.7%) tumors, and their enhancements were higher compared to adjacent skeletal muscle (P=0.0001). On MRI, heterogeneous slight hyperintensity, homogeneous slight hyperintensity, and heterogeneous hypointensity on T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) were observed in 14(82.3%), 1(5.9%) and 2(11.8%) tumors, respectively. On T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and fat-suppressed (FS) T2WI, all tumors demonstrated heterogeneous hyperintensity. All tumors showed heterogeneous marked enhancement on FS contrast-enhanced T1WI. On T1WI, T2WI, FS T2WI, and FS contrast-enhanced T1WI, irregular strip or/and patchy hypointensities were found in 16(94.1%), 12(100%), 17(100%) and 17(100%) tumors, respectively, and pseudocapsule was seen in 5(29.4%) tumors. The hypointensities and pseudocapsule on MRI were exactly corresponding to pathological interlacing collagen fibers and fibrosis. The age of the recurrent group was lower than that of the non-recurrent group (P=0.001) and the tumors without pseudocapsule were more likely to recur than those with pseudocapsule (P=0.034). Conclusion: Myofibromas are characterized by heterogeneous density or signal intensity, with moderate or marked enhancement. The hypointensities and pseudocapsule on MRI may be helpful in diagnosis, and the absence of pseudocapsule and younger age may be risk factors for tumor recurrence.
Surgical Selection of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures: Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation Combined With or Without Cerclage Cable
Authors: Huang Qing-Chao , Wu Xing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Due to the instability of unstable intertrochanteric fractures, the selection of a suitable internal fixation remains challenging for orthopedic surgeons. This study aims to compare the clinical efficacy of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) combined with a cerclage cable and without a cerclage cable so as to recommend a stable internal fixation method.Methods: From January 2014 to January 2018, we retrospectively analyzed all unstable intertrochanteric fracture cases who received treatment in the Orthopedics Department of our hospital. One hundred and twenty cases were screened, of which 51 were treated with a cerclage cable, and 69 without a cerclage cable. The follow-up period was one year. Patients were divided into either the PFNA and cerclage cable group (PFNA+cable) or the PFNA only (PFNA) group. Results: The Harris hip score (HHS), Barthel Index (BI), and Radiographic Union Scale for Hip (RUSH) were evaluated.The fracture healing and weight-bearing time of the PFNA+cable group were shorter than the PFNA group. Regarding the HHS, BI, and RUSH, the PFNA+cable group was higher than the PFNA group at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the operation. For the HHS rating, the PFNA+cable group had a higher-excellent rate than the PFNA group, with 96.1% and 84.1%, respectively. All the results mentioned above were statistically significant. The application of a cerclage cable was found to reduce the incidence of complications.It was found that PFNA combined with a cerclage cable improved the stability of fracture reductions, shortened the fracture healing time and postoperative weight-bearing time, significantly improved patients’ ability to self-care, and reduced the incidence of postoperative complications. Conclusions: Therefore, we think PFNA combined with a cerclage cable is a good choice for patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures.
Anti-IL-23 exerted protective effects on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Fan Lichao , Zhou Lichun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Ischemia-reperfusion is frequently occurred in ischemic cerebral vascular disease, during which process the inflammatory signaling played essential roles. The aim of study was to discover the efficacy of the antibody to a key immune cytokine IL-23 (anti-IL-23) for the therapy of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Methods
We established the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Anti-IL-23 injection attenuated the lesions indicated by histology study. RT-PCR and Western blot were employed to detect the mRNA and protein expression of JAK2 and STAT3 after anti-IL-23 treatment. ELISA was utilized to measure the levels of MDA (malondialdehyde) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Moreover, curcumin and IL-6 were implicated in the endogenous intervention of IL-23/IL-23R signaling in vivo.
Results
Our data demonstrated that the treatment of anti-IL-23 might transcriptionally activate the classic immune pathway in the brain. Anti-IL-23 augment the phosphorylation levels of both JAK2 and STAT3, suggesting the amplification signaling of JAK/STAT after exogenous IL-23 intervention. Anti-IL-23 reduced the ROS molecules of STAT downstream in the serum and brain. It also alleviated the injury by lowering the levels of MDA and SOD in the serum. JAK2 inhibitor could abolish the effect of anti-IL-23 whereas JAK3 ameliorated the injury. The combination of anti-IL-23 and JAK3 displayed synergetic results.
Conclusions
In summary, this study indicated that anti-IL-23 had protection effects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting the immune specific JAK2-STAT3 in JAK/STAT pathway.
Comparative Structural Studies of the Silver and Nickel Nano Composites Synthesized by Chemical Methods
Authors: Tailor Giriraj , Chaudhary Jyoti , Sarma Bhupendra Kr. , Verma Deepshikha 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Silver and nickel nanoparticles were synthesized from urea and formaldehyde by using chemical method, followed by calcination at 8000C. The chemical composition and crystallographic structure of silver and nickel nanoparticles were confirmed by XRD. Surface imaging studies like AFM was carried out for understanding surface morphology and particles size distribution. The spherical and porous-like morphology of silver and nickel nanoparticles were confirmed by SEM and TEM. White spots are observed because of the the presence of silver and nickel metal ions in spherical forms. The particles size of silver and Nickel metal ions obtained through XRD are found to be 41.43 nm and 13.71 nm respectively.
Hepatitis B and C viruses’ infection and associated factors among pregnant women in the Amhara region, Ethiopia: implications for prevention of vertical transmission.
Authors: Dagnew Mulat , Million Yihenew , Gizachew Mucheye , Eshetie Setegn , Yitayew Gashaw , Asrade Lakachew , Adefris Mulat , Moges Feleke , Tiruneh Moges 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Hepatitis virus infection is a major public health burden and silent killer disease in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia. Despite the recommendations of the World Health Organization, screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in pregnant women is not done routinely in public health institutions. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the burden of HBV and HCV and its associated factors among pregnant women in the Amhara region, Ethiopia.
Methods

A total of 1121 pregnant women were enrolled in the study. Data on sociodemographic and associated factors were collected using a structured questionnaire. Blood was collected from the pregnant women, and serum samples were tested for HBsAg and anti-hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) using ELISA. The status of HIV-infected pregnant women was collected from the records of their charts. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis, and a binary logistic regression model was used to assess the relationship between factors associated with HBV and HCV infection.
Results

The seroprevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibody were 4.6% and 1.6, respectively. The co-infection rate of HBV/HCV was 1.4% (1/69). Ten out of 52 HBV positive cases (19.2%) were co-infected with HIV. Only 20 (1.8%) pregnant women had the HBV vaccine. Interestingly, pregnant women with a history of multiple sexual partners (AOR = 3.2,95% CI,1.7–7.6), blood transfusion (AOR = 7.6,95% CI,2.9–16.9), family history of HBV (AOR = 3.5, 95% CI,1.7–7.6), being HIV-positive (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI,1-5.9), and tattooing (AOR = 2, 95% CI, 1-3.8) were significant predictors of HBV infection.
Conclusions

HBV and HCV infections were intermediate among pregnant women; risk factors were responsible for the majority of cases. Infants born from these infected mothers are at risk of infection. This calls for integration of HBV prevention into the PMTC of HIV. Thus, the provision of health education on HBV and HCV transmission, vaccination, and screening of all pregnant women routinely is essential for PMTCT.
Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Index predicts prognosis of patients with COVID-19: a retrospective study
Authors: Li Hong , Huang Jia-bao , Pan Wen , Zhang Cun-tai , Chang Xiao-yan , Yang Boyi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Our study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of a novel inflammatory index, systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), with the clinical outcomes of patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods We evaluated a cohort study of COVID-19 patients (18–95 years old) in Tongji Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 28th 2020 to February 29th 2020. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups (including low-SII group and high-SII group) according to the cut-off point which is analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Univariate and multivariate COX regression analysis were performed to identify the factors associated with the outcomes of patients with COVID-19 infection. The primary and secondary outcome were in-hospital mortality and the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), respectively.Results A number of 326 adult patients (43.87% males, 61.22 ± 0.86 years) were enrolled in the final analyses. There were 147 cases (45.09%) died in hospital and 116 patients (35.58%) developed ARDS. ROC curve analysis indicated that the SII had a greater prediction accuracy in predicting the in-hospital mortality (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.789, sensitivity = 69.90%, specificity = 70.80%) and the development of ARDS (AUC = 0.736, sensitivity = 67.80%, specificity = 71.10%). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients in high-SII group had a greater risk of adverse clinical outcomes (all P < 0.001). The multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that elevated SII was found as the risk predictor of in-hospital mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.839, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.116–7.222, P = 0.028) and the developed ARDS (HR = 6.832, 95%CI = 2.583–18.074, P < 0.001). Additional significant independent predictor for adverse outcomes was the lymphocyte proportion. What’s more, it suggests that the invasive mechanical ventilation performed in the early stage of the disease progression may be beneficial for patients.Conclusion SII, a novel biomarker, might be a remarkable prognostic indicator to assess the in-hospital mortality and the development of ARDS in patients with COVID-19 and help for clinical risk assessment.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Firms: A survey in Guangdong Province, China
Authors: ZOU PENG , Huo Di , Li Meng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background : The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all sectors of the economy and society. To understand the impact of the pandemic on firms in China and suggest the responding public policy, we investigate firms in Guangdong Province (the Province with Highest Gross Domestic Product in China).Methods : The survey sample included 524 firms in 15 cities of Guangdong Province. And we choose these firms from firm list published by government, considering the industrial characteristics of Guangdong province and firm size. The questionnaire comprised of four categories and included 17 questions was developed based on previous studies carried out by OECD. The executives of firms were contacted by phone or WeChat, and invited to answer the self-administered questionnaires through an on-line survey platform. The data was analyzed by SPSS.Results : The following findings are worth to be noticed: (1) 48.7% of firms maintained overall stability, and 35.1% of the firms experienced a halt in operation or faced closure; (2) Nearly 70%-90% of the firms are or are willing to transform to online marketing, remote office work and digital operations. (3) 46% of firms believe that there will be a certain loss this year, and 83.5% expected a decrease trend of the city's GDP growth.Conclusions : firms in Guangdong Province face great challenges in epidemic. The firms’ production and operation activities are limited, and face risks. It is necessary to effectively implement supporting policies to profoundly lower production costs for firms, and help firms survive the difficult period, even gradually transit to normal business operation status.
Verifying the feasibility of using Hand-Held X-ray fluorescence spectrometer to identify the origin of Linqing brick: evaluation of the influencing factors, assessing reliability, and providing scientific advice
Authors: Chen Zexuan , Zhang Long , Hou Feng , Xie Jialiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Linqing brick is quite popular in Chinese history. In 2008, “The manufacturing process of Linqing brick” was selected as the intangible cultural heritage list in China. Currently, identifying the origin of Linqing brick represents an important issue to be investigated in the field of archeology and architectural history research in China, as it could be used to verify certain assumptions regarding the history of heritage buildings, the resolution for which cannot be obtained by examining the historical documents. Hand Held X-ray fluorescence (HH-XRF) spectrometry enables the in-situ determination of the main elements and concentrations of Linqing brick in a rapid non-destructive manner. HH-XRF may prove to be significant in identifying the origin of Linqing brick. However, HH-XRF could be influenced by certain factors and may be capable of measuring only the element concentrations of the surface for the brick in situ. Which method would provide the most reliable data is an important concern. The aim of the present study was to verify the reliability of HH-XRF and to systematically evaluate the different factors influencing measurement precision and accuracy, in order to assist with scientific advice for the usage of HH-XRF. Four experiments were performed to determine the influencing factors and to assess reliability through cross-validation using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Finally, the reliability of HH-XRF was ensured, and the scientific advice regarding its application in determining the concentrations of the main elements of Linqing brick was provided.