bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization module for filtering and ranking alternative energy replacement systems, in an online ICT design tool for building retrofits
Authors: Elguezabal Peru , Arregi Beñat , Armijo Alberto , Schuetz Philipp , Gwerder Damian , Scoccia Rossano , Tsagkrasoulis Dimosthenis , Aprile Marcello 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper describes the development of an innovative optimizer component as part of a calculation tool for evaluating and comparing a set of retrofitting options for domestic heating and cooling systems. At the initial stage of the process, a filtering sub-module has been developed to pre-process the information introduced by the user and generate a limited set of simulations, thus speeding up the calculation process. At a later stage, the optimizer collects and post-processes outputs from the simulation core before displaying them as a result. In this later stage, a series of performance indicators are calculated and an analytical hierarchical process (AHP) is performed to rank the results based on the user’s prioritization weighting for each key performance indicator. As the main outcome of this contribution, the benefits of implementing this optimizer are evaluated in increasing the efficiency of the rest of the components of the tool and, consequently, of the overall calculation process.
Portfolio energy analysis and condition assessment: case study of public schools of the Lugano municipality
Authors: Branca Giovanni , Curto Ivan , Tamborini Davide , Maltese Sebastiano , Corti Paolo , Soares Carlos Pereira 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Buildings significantly contribute to the overall energy balance, so an accurate approach for condition assessment, energy performance benchmarking and retrofit scenario selection is necessary. The aim of this research is to analyse the energy performance and the overall condition of public buildings in the Ticino Canton; this paper focuses on 31 school buildings of the Lugano Municipality. The analysis has been conducted using a combination of tools (PETRA, BIM, GIS) and aims at defining retrofit scenarios and providing public managers with a precise picture of their portfolio. This portfolio investigation allows for an appropriate building operation and management strategy.
Investigation on energy performance of existing commercial buildings with heritage values by incorporating retrofit options
Authors: Chew Wong James Pow 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The buildings sector accounts for 24% of Australia’s indirect Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Due to the life expectancy of existing building stock the greatest reduction in emissions before 2030 could be achieved through retrofits. Research in the past has shown that energy consumption in commercial buildings is complex and diverse due to the wide range of building fabrics and mechanical systems employed. Typically, the most effective energy saving strategies in commercial buildings have been in improving the heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) design and efficiency, including improving the efficiency of chillers and heat pumps, and design strategies such as efficient mechanical ventilation systems, night purges, thermal mass and daylighting. This paper investigates and evaluates the energy performance of four commercial case study buildings with heritage values with various retrofit options in different climatic conditions in Australia. The paper explored the use of thermal and airflow modeling in assisting to understand the impacts of various retrofit options unto the energy efficiency of the case study buildings. The findings suggest different retrofit options that should be considered for achieving optimum energy efficiency impacts for existing buildings in Australia.
BIT – Building Impulse Toolkit: a novel digital toolkit for productive, healthy and resource efficient buildings
Authors: Luna-Navarro A. , Allen M. , Meizoso M. , Overend M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the “Building Impulse Toolkit” (BIT), a novel array of digital sensors and methodologies for the transient and holistic tracking of occupant response in the built environment. BIT aims to enable the dynamic monitoring of occupant comfort, productivity and well-being in order to inform responsive and predictive control strategies. Further, to assess user experience in order to facilitate the design and operation of future resource-efficient and occupant-centred buildings. This paper describes the preliminary results and limitations of this novel toolkit and, subsequently, discusses the future research and development required.
An agent-based model framework for understanding the decisions of households and exploring bottom-up effects on housing sustainability
Authors: Pagani Anna , Shinde Rhythima , Hellweg Stefanie , Binder Claudia R. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Housing plays a crucial role in the transition towards sustainability. Zero-energy or low-carbon housing solutions are key, but their success depends on their acceptance by the users. We propose a conceptual and an operational framework for understanding households’ residential choices as a base for an agent-based model, using the tenant as basic unit to populate it. We firstly conceptualise the decision-making process of tenants as a system. Secondly, we cluster the synthetic agents populating the model into typologies of dwellings and tenants. Thirdly, we display their actions in the action arena, and set-up the test runs. Lastly, we introduce the next steps to follow for the simulation of the bottom-up effects on housing sustainability.
Comparison of simulated energy consumption by smart and conventional lighting systems in a residential setting
Authors: Soheilian Moe , Moadab Nima Hafezparast , Fischl Geza , Aries Myriam B C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper investigated and compared how the energy consumption of a conventional and Smart Lighting System (SLS) in a simulated residential setting is affected by different households’ arrangements and occupancy pattern. An agent-based simulation model of a one-bedroom apartment in Sweden was chosen for comparison with different scenarios. The result shows that the number of residents within an apartment does not necessarily lead to higher energy consumption. Further findings indicate that, even though it has standby energy consumption, SLS is more energy efficient compared to the conventional lighting system. Additionally, energy consumption during weekends was considerably higher than during weekdays.
A low-cost stereo-fisheye camera sensor for daylighting and glare control
Authors: Kim Michael , Konstantzos Iason , Tzempelikos Athanasios 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study presents the development of a window-attached, low-cost fisheye-stereo camera sensor system for reliable daylighting controls in buildings. The stereovision sensor composed of two cameras can measure 3-D position and luminance of any exterior bright sources after photometric and geometric calibration. Also, by applying a neutral density sensor on one of the cameras and substituting the overflown pixels of the luminance map, a complete luminance map with a wide dynamic range can be retrieved. The new sensor exhibited promising results in validation of 3-D positioning and luminance acquisition, and can be used for real-time glare source detection, location and intensity measurements.
A framework outlining a daylight responsive model for smart buildings
Authors: Sait Unais , K V Gokul Lal , Kumar Tarun , Bhaumik Rahul , Bhalla Kriti 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The intensity of daylight varies due to periodical changes in the sun’s position, changing cloud-cover over the region, and other weather-related phenomena. Thus, artificial lighting remains a major component of the overall energy consumed in smart buildings. This necessitates corrections for maintaining optimum lighting levels in these buildings, by enhancing the positioning of artificial lighting sources with respect to outdoor lighting conditions. In this paper, a methodological framework is proposed for developing a daylight responsive model to minimize energy consumption for artificial lighting. This could be achieved by optimizing the usage of natural lighting in the built-environment, with the aid of Geo-location and sun-path tracking in a simulated model using Unity software. This smart daylight responsive model integrated with Virtual Reality (VR) would aid in designing an efficient lighting system utilizing Building Information Modelling (BIM). Further, this framework would help architects, engineers, and other stakeholders to collaborate, and virtually visualize the lighting conditions in smart buildings. In conclusion, an energy-efficient model for lighting can optimize the energy usage pattern in smart buildings, effectively increasing the usage of natural lighting.
Simulation of indoor temperature and humidity conditions in the suburban and urban area over a hot summer
Authors: Zhou Xiaohai , Carmeliet Jan , Derome Dominique 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Urban areas are already suffering from the heat island effect. In the context of climate change, there will be higher temperatures and longer, more severe, and more frequent heat waves. The balance of indoor air temperature and relative humidity is very important for health and comfort of the occupants, building energy consumption and durability of the building envelope. In this study, a numerical model that incorporates building envelopes, indoor environment, indoor moisture and heat generation is developed. This model is validated with an analytical solution and with the BESTEST cases. We apply the whole building simulation model to study indoor temperature and humidity conditions in urban and suburban areas in Zurich, Switzerland in the summer of 2018. Indoor air temperature and relative humidity will not be accurately simulated when moisture transport in the building envelopes is not considered. There is a large difference of indoor temperature in the urban and suburban area during heat wave. The effect of moisture transport in the building envelopes on indoor temperature and relative humidity is important. Moisture transport could sometimes have a large influence on indoor thermal conditions. There is a potential of using hygroscopic material to lower indoor air temperature during heat waves.
Energy consumption of high-performance buildings: Design vs. Reality
Authors: Cozza Stefano , Chambers Jonathan , Gambato Carlo , Branca Giovanni , Geissler Achim , Patel Martin K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Studying the performance of highly efficient buildings is crucial for future policy, for example to inform decision making about whether to pursue further thermal improvement of buildings (insulation) or to rather foster investments in renewable resources. For this purpose, reliable values of the energy demand of new and retrofitted buildings are needed. However, there is evidence of a significant Energy Performance Gap (EPG) in buildings, defined as the difference between measured and calculated energy consumption. The objective of this paper is therefore to quantify the EPG in high efficiency buildings in Switzerland. The EPG was studied for 56 residential buildings, including various construction standards (Minergie, Minergie-P, and Minergie-A) and building types (new and retrofitted). The Minergie indexes were used as theoretical consumption, thereby representing the total final energy consumption for all needs of the buildings. These values were compared to data based on measurements. For the buildings in the sample the analysis yields a negative EPG of -14% (i.e. the median building consumes slightly less than its standard), indicating that the most efficient buildings are more robust to the EPG. However, this finding could be partly a consequence of the small sample used and its characteristics.
Hygrothermal assessment of historic buildings’ external walls: preliminary findings from the RIBuild project for Switzerland
Authors: Giorgi Morgane , Favre Didier , Goulouti Kyriaki , Lasvaux Sébastien 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To meet the national regulation on building energy needs while preserving the architectural heritage, the renovation of protected historic buildings implies to insulate internally their facades. However, it is a technically risky solution. This work is part of the European project RIBuild that develops guidelines to ensure moisture-safe solutions. For that purpose, historical buildings were monitored to confront the current state-of-the-art of hygrothermal simulations with in-situ measurements. To enforce these calculations, stones used in Swiss traditional construction were characterised, and materials’ modelling were investigated. The results of the study will be integrated into a probabilistic web-tool.
The future of modernist housing estates: the “Replace vs Refurbish” dilemma in the context of future urban densification
Authors: Tepavcevic Aleksandar 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present a part of the research developed inside the author’s dissertation topic which deals with the future of large modernist housing estates. The central question of the dissertation investigates which of the currently dominating tendencies - their replacement or refurbishment - result in lower energy consumption and provides more sustainable use of natural resources within the context of future urban densification. The presented workflow combines actions contained in the first step of the research methodology built around the abovementioned dilemma. It explores the solar energy harvesting potential of various urban forms and densification scenarios, proposed inside the main “refurbishment” and “replacement” approaches, including both retain and demolition options of the existing building stock located in the Nordweststadt housing estate in Frankfurt, Germany. All scenarios are tested against maximal density rate which secures enough operational energy from on-site renewable energy sources for the achievement of the zero energy building (ZEB) standard. The expected outcome of this paper gives an insight which of the proposed densification scenarios from both approaches generate the highest density rate in respect to the given boundary conditions, and compares the energy balance between the best performing scenarios in both approaches at the same density level.
Composite polymeric materials as an alternative to aluminium for improved energy performance of ventilated façade systems
Authors: Arregi Beñat , Elguezabal Peru , Álvarez Izaskun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Ventilated façade systems have become an interesting solution in the field of energy efficiency for buildings thanks to their associated improvement in thermal insulation properties. However, differences exist between real and theoretical thermal performance, resulting in an increase of actual energy consumption above predicted values. Part of this mismatch can be attributed to thermal bridges both at support elements and at construction junctions, which are usually overlooked by simplified calculations. The present study assesses the potential for substituting metallic elements with polymeric composite materials for two key elements of ventilated façades: the support subframe of the external cladding and the external window reveals. Thermal, structural and durability properties are specifically assessed. Results show that overall heating energy savings between 7 and 13% can be obtained through the use of pultruded composite profiles at support brackets and window reveals instead of aluminium components. Such solutions are feasible from a mechanical and durability point of view, and the extra costs are offset in a short period through the reduction in heating expenses.
Management of urban solid waste in the two first decades of the XXI century in the city of San José de Cúcuta, Colombia
Authors: Sayago-Ortega J C , Carrillo-Soto G A , Rojas-Suárez J P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The research developed in this study is exploratory, descriptive and the quantitative method, it characterizes the urban solid waste of the ten communes of the city of San José de Cúcuta and compares the results obtained with those of a similar investigation carried out 20 years. This comparison concludes that there have been significant changes in solid waste generated in the city, increasing food waste, cardboard, plastic, glass and cans and decreasing garden waste, paper and metals. In addition, surveys were conducted indicating that about one third of the population makes waste separation evidencing the existence of the recycling culture.
Determination of expandability clay from San José de Cúcuta metropolitan area, by adding different percentages of sewage sludge
Authors: Cáceres J R , Rojas J P , Sánchez J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article shows the research carried out on clay from the San José de Cúcuta metropolitan area, Colombia, to which was added several percentages of a wastewater sludge, which is called as a technological nutrient. The objective of the study is to find out with what percentage of technological nutrient the capacity of expansion of the granules is maximized. The methodology that was followed consists of four phases; preparation of raw materials; pelletizing of raw materials in granules of 5 to 10 millimeters; application of heat treatment in a rotary kiln at the pilot plant level; and application of descriptive statistics for analysis of results. It was determined that the mixture with a 20% of technological nutrient, produces the highest volumetric expansion ratio, with 1.56 times its initial size, while, when adding 30% of the nutrient the same expansion occurs when adding an 10% nutrient, which is 1.07 times the initial size of the particle.
Orthotic prototype for upper limb printed in 3D: A efficient solution
Authors: Agudelo-Ardila C P , Prada-Botía G C , Rodrigues G P H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Traditionally a limb that has suffered a fracture, rupture or dislocation is immobilized with plaster, a procedure that generates discomfort in the patient to take a shower, besides producing excessive itching and sweating, stimulating the growth of the bacteria and leading to an odorous form, unhygienic and difficult to keep clean of treatment. On the other hand, if the plaster remains for a long period, it can cause injuries in joints and ligaments. This project describes a methodology of manufacturing a prototype of orthosis for upper limb printed in 3D, through additive manufacturing and reverse engineering, technology that is presented as an excellent alternative to solve the problems of traditional plaster molds. The model of the orthosis is obtained through the Meshmixer software and the structural viability of the design is studied using methods of finite element analysis and biomimetics, to guarantee the best possible mechanical properties. The realization of this work provides a custom-made prototype orthosis, a more comfortable, hygienic and aesthetically pleasing solution, which in turn allows the reduction of the time of use of the plaster molds.
Quality of aggregates for the preparation of asphalt mixtures from 4 processing companies in San José de Cúcuta, Colombia
Authors: Hurtado-Figueroa O , Colmenares-Bernal CE , Cárdenas-Gutiérrez JA 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFour asphalt mix processing companies were visited: Transivic S.A.S, Maquinteligente S.A.S, Copavicol S.A.S and Grupo Colpao S.A.S, companies located in the city of San José de Cúcuta, Colombia. Samples were taken of the stone material marketed by each of the companies for the preparation of asphalt mixtures, especially hot dense mixture-19. The stone aggregates taken from the processing companies were submitted to the analyses described by the “Instituto Nacional de Vías” 2013 for approval in the preparation of asphalt mixtures, regulations that apply in Colombia. The results obtained in the tests carried out with natural stone material were tabulated and analyzed comparatively in order to determine which of them is the most suitable for use in the preparation of the hot dense mixture-19. This provided interesting data on the quality of this material for the preparation of asphalt mixtures in each of the 4 processing companies. With the analysis of the results carried out, it was concluded that only 1 of the 4 material processing companies have high quality indexes. Research conclusion that provides information of interest to civil engineering contractors specialized in the construction of asphalt pavements, who will make important decisions regarding the acquisition of the ideal material for their next projects, thus constructing more durable works, a characteristic that contributes considerably to the economy of the project. In addition, a positive social and environmental impact is generated with the minimization of maintenance and repairs of the work carried out, an activity that leads to a reduction in the industrialized processes that generate polluting waste with respect to the preparation of construction materials for this type of projects.
The role of green it in the non-functional software development requirements: Perspectives for functional design
Authors: Velásquez T , Messino A , Navarro H E , Ovalle A A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Many of the research carried out on green information technology or green technologies has focused on reducing the environmental effect, on the design, development and use of increasingly eco-efficient electronic devices, in terms of the machine, that is, the hardware; but this trend has changed in recent years, due to the concern to cover all fronts in which green information technology is part; what has allowed to generate studies and investigations in another aspect, as it is the software. Some authors have addressed the issue, however, models, descriptions or implementations in the area of software are still in short supply, whose main rationale is eco-efficiency, that is, environmental strategies to reduce the impact of a product or service by increasing the efficiency of resource utilization. The research emphasizes the formulation of a guide based on the principles promulgated in green information technology as a non-functional requirement in the analysis and design of software and incorporating this guide in the software engineering projects of the systems engineering program of the Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Seccional Ocaña, through the content of the green information technology elective course and as an academic unit of the software engineering course.
Government of information technology and organizational culture in application of management and management processes
Authors: Rodríguez Chinchilla AM , Velásquez Pérez T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The constant changes in the business environment force managers to propose strategies aimed at continuous improvement, strengthening the objectives of the organization and its alignment with new technologies; It is here that the relationship between the performance of the information technology government and the organizational culture arises; Generating the intention of this theoretical approach that is framed in analyzing and interpreting the influence of organizational culture in the application of information technology government in the “Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Seccional Ocaña”. The information technology government represents a wide area of corporate governance, being necessary to ensure the alignment of the strategies and objectives of the organization as described by the information technology governance Institute; It should be noted that the first principle of COBIT 5 implies the satisfaction of the interested parties, which include the human talent of the organization, therefore there is a close link between the human factor and the performance of the information technology government, finally it is sought to unveil how the organizational culture affects the performance information technology governance within the institution of the “Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Seccional Ocaña”.