bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subintermeniscal Ligament Pullout Suture Technique for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Avulsion Fracture Fixation—AIIMS Technique
Authors: Mittal Ravi , Digge Vijaykumar , Selvanayagam Rajkumar 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMany methods have been described, including pullout suture technique, for arthroscopic fixation of displaced tibial eminence fracture. We are describing our technique of pullout suture, which is a modification of previously described techniques. We passed two sutures arthroscopically through anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) just above the avulsed fragment and then pulled them out through medial and lateral bone tunnel in anterior aspect of crater in tibial plateau. The third suture passed through ACL was pulled out anteriorly under the transverse intermeniscal ligament through a submeniscal route. All sutures were tied under tension to a screw post placed on the anterior tibia after reducing the avulsed bone fragment. Our technique provides good reduction and even overreduction of the fragment. It also provides good initial fixation strength to work against displacing forces even in small and comminuted bony fragment. This is helpful for achieving adequate stability of knee, complete extension of knee, early rehabilitation, and quicker recovery.
Retorno Deportivo Luego de Reconstrucción Primaria de Ligamento Cruzado Anterior con Injerto Hueso-Tendón Patelar-Hueso Autólogo: Análisis de Factores Relacionados
Authors: Pakuts A. , Martin L. , Contador J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective Analyze return to sports and related factors after primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
Methods Observational descriptive study. 173 patients operated by the same surgeon and standardized technique (patellar autograft) who answered a questionnaire at least 12 months post procedure were included. Questionnaire included Subjective IKDC, Tegner activity level (Pre and Postoperative) and questions elaborated by the group.
Results Mean age was 30.8 years, 85% were men, 73% practiced soccer and median postoperative IKDC was 71. Follow up until questionnaire response was 28 months. Males had a better return to sports than females (70% vs 48%, p = 0.037). Tegner pre-injury level was 5 vs 4.3 postoperative, (p < 0.001). Return to sports was 67% according to Tegner scale and 66% by self-assessment. Return to similar previous activity level was 57% by Tegner scale but 24% by direct questions. Of those patients, 51% have fear of re-injury and 26% by reasons other than knee or surgery. We didn't find association between meniscal injuries and return to sports rate. Patients with chondral injuries had lower rates in return to sports (35% vs 60%, p = 0.002). Subjects that returned to sports had higher IKDC scores (73.5 vs 64.3, p < 0.001).
Conclusions We found 67% return to sports and 57% to the preinjury level. Positive return to sports factors were male sex, absence of chondral injury and better functional outcome. Psychological factors such as fear of injury is frequent in patients who don't achieve previous levels of activity.
Major Trauma and Severe Burn: A Synergistic Mortality. Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Pujol Oriol , Selga Jordi , Serracanta Jordi , Porcel Juan Antonio , Andrés-Peiró José Vicente 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Case Presentation A 42-year-old man was transferred to our institution after a high-energy accident (an explosion). He presented second-degree burns on 20% of the total body surface area (TBSA), affecting the lower hemiabdomen and the lower right limb. He also presented a supraintercondylar open fracture of the right femur (Gustilo I). The burns were treated with debridement and coverage with mesh graft, while the fracture required an early transitory transarticular external fixation with delayed definitive osteosynthesis. Our patient presented good local and systemic evolution. We can offer a eleven-month follow-up.
Discussion The literature supports that the combination of trauma and burn injuries is a relatively rare pattern, which may explain the lack of knowledge and studies on this subject. This double injury has demonstrated a synergistic effect on mortality. The management of soft tissues in the coexistence of an open fracture and a burn in the same limb is a challenge. The method and timing of the treatment of the fracture directly impacts the treatment of the burn (and vice versa), and most authors tend to treat the fracture first. All of the studies reviewed emphasized the importance of the multidisciplinary approach.
Conclusions We have presented a complex case combining major trauma and severe burns. Although there is a lack of studies in the literature on this subject, the papers state that this is an unusual pattern with a synergistic effect on mortality. In our experience, the management of soft tissues and the multidisciplinary approach play a central role, as it is also stated in the literature. The management of these patients is still controversial, and more studies are needed.
The role of game genres and gamers’ communication networks in perceived learning
Authors: Jung Chang Won 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe present study examined the educational roles of games that were not designed for pedagogical purposes. With respect to the roles of gamers’ communication—communication networks, network diversity, and heterogenous discussion—three specific sub-objectives of the present work include: (1) to examine the extent to which games can be social learning environments, (2) to examine how gamers’ communication contributes to perceived learning, and (3) to evaluate the relationship between game genre’s unique characteristics and learning effects. This work statistically tested a series of research hypotheses using empirical data obtained from a national survey of Korean gamers (N = 1392). The results from hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicate that game genres and gamers’ communicative networks were significant predictors of perceived game learning. Importantly, game genres that are considered by policymakers to be violent and addictive were found to contribute to learning. Additionally, gamers’ communication variables that are not closely related to education and politics significantly predicted their learning. Based on the results, this study suggests that game coplaying or gamers’ social networks should be considered important for socio-cultural learning. Moreover, the current study provides empirical evidence that exposure to diverse perspectives during game playing contributes significantly to not only tolerance and deliberative democracy but also the socio-political learning of gamers. In this regard, the present study expands the literature on pedagogy (learning effects), political communication (benefits of heterogeneous/deliberative discussions), and game studies (game addiction/gaming disorder). Thus, this study provides new insights for current research on the educational roles of games.
FDI in hot labour markets: The implications of the war for talent
Authors: Becker Bettina , Driffield Nigel , Lancheros Sandra , Love James H. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper highlights an inherent contradiction that exists within investment promotion activities in rich countries. Since the financial crisis, many inward investment agencies have shifted their activities from job creation per se to seeking to attract investment in high-tech activities. Such knowledge-intensive sectors are engaged in what has become referred to as “the war for talent”, so locations need to understand their value proposition to firms, especially where labour is tight. This paper explores the implications of this, in terms of the impact on employment and earnings of high skilled labour. We show that, because skill shortages already exist in many of these sectors, seeking to attract inward investment in these sectors simply causes the earnings of such workers to be bid up, and employment in the incumbent sector to fall. We highlight the over-riding importance that firms place on the availability of skilled labour when determining locations, and how policies which promote labour market flexibility, particularly through investment in skills to address skill shortages, can significantly mitigate the adverse effects, which tend to be more keenly felt in poorer regions of Europe where skilled labour is in even shorter supply.
Immersions of open Riemann surfaces into the Riemann sphere
Authors: Forstnerič F. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this paper we show that the space of holomorphic immersions from any given open Riemann surface

into the Riemann sphere

is weakly homotopy equivalent to the space of continuous maps from

to the complement of the zero section in the tangent bundle of

. It follows in particular that this space has

path components, where

is the number of generators of the first homology group

. We also prove a parametric version of the Mergelyan approximation theorem for maps from Riemann surfaces to an arbitrary complex manifold, a result used in the proof of our main theorem.
Uniform attractors for measure-driven quintic wave equations
Authors: Savostianov A. K. , Zelik S. V. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis is a detailed study of damped quintic wave equations with non-regular and non-autonomous external forces which are measures in time. In the 3D case with periodic boundary conditions, uniform energy-to- Strichartz estimates are established for the solutions, the existence of uniform attractors in a weak or strong topology in the energy phase space is proved, and their additional regularity is studied along with the possibility of representing them as the union of all complete bounded trajectories.Bibliography: 45 titles.
Wegener’s Wortsatz and the notion of
sentence
Authors: Tenchini Maria Paola 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This contribution aims to introduce Wegener’s defense of
the notion of Wortsatz (word sentence) as a
construction having a sentence status within the debate about the
notion and the definition of sentence and its structure that
developed in Germany during the second half of the nineteenth
century and the beginning of the 20th century. This period was
marked by different approaches towards this issue. In his work,
Wegener foreshadowed some of the topics which would be central in
the later pragmatic theory of communication, but on the other side
he still related to the psychologistic view of the sentence
structure.
Why is it so hard to establish gestalt ideas within
linguistics?
Authors: Teixeira Kalkhoff Alexander M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
I call holistic and relativistic approaches to language
gestalt linguistics. Although there have been some efforts to
integrate them into linguistics, they have never formed part of
mainstream linguistics. This article tackles the “why” of this
diagnosis. Historic exclusion of psychology from linguistics, the
fact that the perceptual gestalt theory is not a genuine linguistic
theory and that it deals with preconscious grouping principles but
not with symbolic linguistic units, the vagueness of gestalt
concepts, and the lack of a proper formalism are aspects of the
answer.
Klaproth, Balbi and the language atlas
Authors: Solleveld Floris 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Julius Klaproth’s Asia Polyglotta (1823)
and Adriano Balbi’s Atlas ethnographique du Globe
(1826a, 1826b) were the first examples of so-called ‘language
atlases’. This article investigates how these atlases presented
language as an object of study, and how the study of language
intersected with history, geography, ethnography, and other learned
pursuits in Klaproth’s and Balbi’s research programmes. This gives
us a new perspective on the shaping of linguistics as a discipline
and the role of non-Indo-European languages in it.
Saussure/Mallarmé
Authors: Testenoire Pierre-Yves 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Since the sixties, Ferdinand de Saussure has often been
compared with Stéphane Mallarmé. The purpose of this study is to
identify whether this association Saussure/Mallarmé is really
justified from a historical point of view. First, we examine the
biographical links between the Genevan linguist and the French poet.
Then we focus on similarities in their theories of language. We
finally indicate that this comparison between Saussure and Mallarmé
highlights recent evolutions of scholars’ reception of Saussure.
Le rapprochement entre la figure de Saussure et celle de Mallarmé a souvent été pratiqué depuis les années soixante. L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier si cette association Saussure/Mallarmé est justifiée d’un point de vue historique. Dans un premier temps, on examinera les connexions biographiques entre le linguiste genevois et le poète français puis on s’intéressera à ce qui rapproche leurs théories du langage. On montrera qu’en définitive la comparaison entre Saussure et Mallarmé est surtout révélatrice des évolutions récentes de la réception saussurienne.
Introducing and translating Otto Jespersen in China in the past
100 years
Authors: Qu Changliang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
As a prolific linguist Otto Jespersen used to have a
strong impact on the Chinese linguists who wrote descriptive
grammars in the first half of the 20th century for the Chinese
language. However, his influence was interrupted during the Cold War
decades and then neglected in the land that once embraced his ideas.
In the recent decade, a revived interest in Jespersen propels a
retrospect on the complicated history of his influence in China.
Based on the critiques and translations published in China, this
paper intends to explore both the linguistic and the
extra-linguistic reasons for the history of the Chinese
acknowledgement of Jespersen’s linguistic ideas.
On the reception and revivification of Cartesian
linguistics
Authors: Thomas Margaret 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Fifty years after its publication, it is timely to return
to Noam Chomsky’s Cartesian linguistics to explore
what this controversial text accomplished, what it didn’t
accomplish, and for whom. I begin with the context of midcentury
American linguists’ historical consciousness into which
Cartesian linguistics initially appeared, then
review responses to the book by (first) philosophers and historians
of linguistics, and (second) generative linguists versus linguists
not associated with generativism, especially those in the United
States. I evaluate whether the book achieved Chomsky’s own goals,
then close by calling attention to an emerging second life of
Cartesian linguistics, beginning around
2000.
Linguists and lawyers
Authors: Kibbee Douglas A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The first article of the United Nations’ Universal
Declaration of Human Rights states that “all men are born free and
equal in dignity and rights”. It prohibits discrimination based on
language, among other criteria, and defines a number of areas in
which rights are guaranteed, including legal proceedings, education,
elections, health care, commerce and the workplace. Each of these
areas has a linguistic component, and every country addresses that
linguistic component according to national traditions. After a brief
history of the linguistic rights, the first part of this talk will
focus on how the legal system in the United States treats those who
do not speak English. In a second part we will examine issues within
the English language itself, how the legal system uses prescriptive
grammars and dictionaries to reach its decisions. While the examples
presented will focus on the United States, the issues are universal
and readers are encouraged to reflect on how the same issues are
addressed in other national contexts.
The origin and development of a language management framework
Authors: Jernudd Björn H. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The author’s reminiscences recount ideas that came together from the 1960s, out of which came Language Management Theory. Most ideas have already been articulated someplace, somehow, and are already ‘out there’, if anyone cares to find them. Therefore, they are available to be compiled and formulated to respond to changing societal circumstances and intellectual insights. I will attempt to identify and discuss strands of ideas that came together and that moved researchers towards articulating a LM discourse, in particular the Language Management Theory.
Research perspectives from East Asia
Authors: Fan Sau Kuen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an overview of language management in contact situations which typically involve speakers of unbalanced language ability. Rather than trying to give a comprehensive coverage of how the concept of language management has been applied to the study of contact situations, the focus here is a discussion of the theoretical significance of the concept of contact situations for the study of language management. Apart from situations involving what has been traditionally referred to as native and non-native speakers, it is suggested that further investigation into the complexity of contact situations involving speakers of diverse language backgrounds can not only contribute to the development of the theory of language management but also the broader field of language studies.
Researching language management in Central Europe
Authors: Sherman Tamah 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This contribution contextualizes the research conducted using the language management approach in Central Europe, demonstrating the influence of local disciplinary traditions as well as real language, communicative and sociocultural problems. It considers J. V. Neustupný’s original inspiration in the approaches to language cultivation developed over the years by the Prague School, the contemporary Czech institutional basis for the continuation of cultivation-based research, and the emergence of research topics sparked by the political and socioeconomic changes after 1989. One of these topics is the management of linguistic diversity, which reveals manifestations of power in issues such as foreign language teaching policy, language choice in the workplace and the position of minority languages.
Language selection in contact situations
Authors: Takeda Kanako , Aikawa Hiroko 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study investigates the language selection of international students in an English-medium graduate program and their language management within the context of the university’s language policy. Based on semi-structured interviews, the findings of the study show that although international students follow or are forced to follow the university’s language policy, especially in formal contexts, they flexibly select English or Japanese as a lingua franca, or mix these languages, particularly in informal contexts. Moreover, sometimes interactants use two different lingua franca languages in the same interaction. Therefore, it can be argued that it is necessary to develop an understanding of the actual language use of international students and to reconsider the role of both the official language and local language in the program.
Diverging and intersecting management
Authors: Fairbrother Lisa 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Although research applying LMT has commonly focused on the perspective of one individual participant or actor when considering the noting, evaluation and adjustments planned and implemented towards deviations from norms, in reality, multiple parties in the same interaction may be managing deviations simultaneously and their processes may diverge or intersect. Based on examples from past studies on predominantly micro-level interaction, this chapter provides a foundation for the development of a typology of the different types of diverging and intersecting management. It was found that interactional constraints, norm diversity and contextual constraints, including power dynamics, are the main factors that determine whether management will diverge or intersect. The analysis also reveals the intertwining of macro- and micro-level processes.
Processes of language enquiries
Authors: Prošek Martin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The Czech Language Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences in Prague is a public scientific institution, which provides language consulting services over the phone. Since January 2013, the phone interactions between the linguists at the Institute and enquirers have been recorded for further linguistic research. In this paper, I outline preliminary observations concerning the configuration of the interactions. I propose a simple categorisation of the main factors determining the configuration of the dialogue. This categorisation is supported by evidence in the form of authentic dialogues illustrating the ways in which enquirers present their problems, and the arguments both sides use to support their views, etc.
Language management in life story interviews
Authors: Saruhashi Junko 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This research analyzes interactions in life story interviews with first generation Zainichi Koreans, specifically when they noticed perception gaps in the interviewer’s questions and tried to negotiate those gaps. It was found that the interviewees used two contrastive strategies: one described her perceptions using a monological storytelling manner and the other responded to the questions in an interactive mode. In the interactive mode particularly, interviewees can see whether their previous language management worked or not, which affects their motivation to talk. Applying Language Management Theory in narrative studies (i.e., micro-level analysis) provides two macro-level contributions. One is gaining a holistic understanding of the speaker. The other is a contribution to the methodology of life story interviews, by including LMT analysis between the first interview session and the second interview session.
Feature size control using surface reconstruction temperature in block copolymer lithography for InAs nanowire growth
Authors: Löfstrand Anette , Svensson Johannes , Wernersson Lars-Erik , Maximov Ivan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Here we present a method to control the size of the openings in hexagonally organized BCP thin films of poly(styrene)-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) by using surface reconstruction. The surface reconstruction is based on selective swelling of the P4VP block in ethanol, and its extraction to the surface of the film, resulting in pores upon drying. We found that the BCP pore diameter increases with ethanol immersion temperature. In our case, the temperature range 18 to 60 °C allowed fine-tuning of the pore size between 14 and 22 nm. A conclusion is that even though the molecular weight of the respective polymer blocks is fixed, the PS-b-P4VP pore diameter can be tuned by controlling temperature during surface reconstruction. These results can be used for BCP-based nanofabrication in general, and for vertical nanowire growth in particular, where high pattern density and diameter control are of importance. Finally, we demonstrate successful growth of indium arsenide InAs vertical nanowires by selective-area metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE), using a silicon nitride mask patterned by the proposed PS-b-P4VP surface reconstruction lithography method.
Influence of the abdominal coil position in children magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Akhmad E. , Sergunova К. , Semenov D. , Petraikin A. , Andreychenko A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A quality of received signal in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) depends, among the other, on the correct use of radiofrequency (RF) coils. The problem of quality decrease is especially relevant when scanning children, because in some cases, coils of unsuitable size or position are used. In this work, we demonstrated that the position of the abdominal coil affects the presence of signal-to-noise homogeneity. Based on the results of the work, it is reasonable to give recommendations to children’s clinics on the correct use of radio frequency coils.