bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Principles and current strategies targeting metallo‐β‐lactamase mediated antibacterial resistance
Authors: Yan Yu‐Hang , Li Gen , Li Guo‐Bo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractResistance to β‐lactam antibacterials is commonly associated with the production of the serine β‐lactamases (SBLs) and/or metallo‐β‐lactamases (MBLs). Although clinically useful inhibitors for the SBLs have been developed, no equivalent inhibitors are available for the MBLs, which can hydrolyze almost all β‐lactam antibiotics, including the so‐called “last resort” carbapenems. It is still a challenging task to develop a clinically useful inhibitor that should be broad‐spectrum targeting multiple clinically relevant MBL enzymes that differ in their active site features. This review provides a detailed description of interaction modes of substrates and small‐molecule inhibitors with various MBL enzymes and highlights the importance of metal‐ and “anchor residue”‐binding features to achieve broad‐spectrum MBL inhibition. Recently emerging active site interference strategies include metal ion deprivation, metal ion replacement, and cysteine modification as challenging, but worth experimenting directions for inhibitor development. The metalloenzyme selectivity, metal‐binding pharmacophore, and cellular permeability and accumulation should be properly considered in the further development of clinically useful inhibitors to combat MBL‐mediated antibacterial resistance.
A hybrid calibration approach to Hertz‐type contact parameters for discrete element models
Authors: Qu Tongming , Feng Yuntian , Zhao Tingting , Wang Min 
Published: February 2020

SummaryThis study aims at providing a hybrid calibration framework to estimate Hertz‐type contact parameters (particle‐scale shear modulus and Poisson ratio) for both two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional discrete element modelling (DEM). On the basis of statistically isotropic granular packings, a set of analytical formulae between macroscopic material parameters (Young modulus and Poisson ratio) and particle‐scale Hertz‐type contact parameters for granular systems are derived under small‐strain isotropic stress conditions. However, the derived analytical solutions are only estimated values for general models. By viewing each DEM modelling as an implicit mathematical function taking the particle‐level parameters as independent variables and employing the derived analytical solutions as the initial input parameters, an automatic iterative scheme is proposed to obtain the calibrated parameters with higher accuracies. Considering highly nonlinear features and discontinuities of the macro‐micro relationship in Hertz‐based discrete element models, the adaptive moment estimation algorithm is adopted in this study because of its capacity of dealing with noise gradients of cost functions. The proposed method is validated with several numerical cases including randomly distributed monodisperse and polydisperse packings. Noticeable improvements in terms of calibration efficiency and accuracy have been made.
Mechanically‐Driven Vase–Kite Conformational Switch in Cavitand Cross‐Linked Polyurethanes
Authors: Torelli Martina , Terenziani Francesca , Pedrini Alessandro , Guagnini Francesca , Domenichelli Ilaria , Massera Chiara , Dalcanale Enrico 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe eligibility of tetraquinoxaline cavitands (QxCav) as molecular grippers relies on their unique conformational mobility between a closed (vase) and an open (kite) form, triggered in solution by conventional stimuli like pH, temperature and ion concentration. In the present paper, the mechanochemical conformational switching of ad hoc functionalized QxCav covalently embedded in an elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane and in a more rigid polyurethane matrix is investigated. The rigid polymer matrix is more effective in converting mechanical force into a conformational switch at the molecular level, provided that all four quinoxaline wings are covalently connected to the polymer.
A case of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma occurred in the sublingual gland
Authors: Yagihara Kazuhiro , Ishii Junichi , Shibata Mari , Anzai Eri , Yagishita Hisao , Ishikawa Ayataka 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is a malignant salivary gland mixed tumor arising from an existing pleomorphic adenoma (PA). Less than 1% of cases occur in the sublingual gland. Salivary gland duct carcinomas (SDCs) also exhibit invasive development and are rarely found as a microinvasive lesion. A 47‐year‐old man complained of swelling of the oral floor during general dental treatment and was referred to our department. Excision was performed, and we histopathologically determined an early stage of SDC ex PA confirmed in the PA. Tumor from sublingual gland should be carefully treated in consideration of malignancy.
Distributed event‐triggered tracking control with a dynamic leader for multiple Euler‐Lagrange systems under directed networks
Authors: Xu Tao , Duan Zhisheng , Sun Zhiyong , Zhang Zhao 
Published: February 2020

SummaryThe distributed tracking control for multiple Euler‐Lagrange systems with a dynamic leader is investigated in this article via the event‐triggered approach. Only a portion of followers have access to the leader, and the communication topology among all agents is directed that contains a directed spanning tree rooted at the leader. The case that the leader's generalized velocity is constant is first considered, and a distributed event‐based control law is developed by using a velocity estimator. When the leader's generalized velocity is time‐varying, novel distributed continuous estimators are proposed to avoid the undesirable chattering effect while guaranteeing that the estimate errors converge to zeros. With the designed distributed estimators, another distributed event‐based control protocol is provided. Controller update frequency and resource consumption in our work can be reduced by applying the aforementioned two distributed control laws, and the tracking errors can converge to zeros. In addition, it is rigorously proved that no agent exhibits Zeno behavior. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed distributed event‐based control laws is elucidated by a number of simulation examples.
In Situ Synthesis of Copper Sulfide‐Nickel Sulfide Arrays on Three‐Dimensional Nickel Foam for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Bhat Karthik S. , Nagaraja H. S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDeveloping simple and cost‐effective bifunctional electrocatalysts for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is an effective strategy to curb the current energy demands. Herein, we report the hydrothermal synthesis of copper sulfide‐nickel sulfide (Cu2S‐Ni3S2) arrays supported by three‐dimensional conducting nickel foam as a substrate (Cu2S‐Ni3S2/NF). Cu2S‐Ni3S2/NF demonstrates prominent electrocatalytic activity and persistent stability (>25 h) in alkaline solution (1 M KOH), requiring the overpotential of −149 mV and 329 mV to drive the catalytic current density of 10 mA cm−2 for the HER and OER, respectively. Furthermore, overall‐water splitting in symmetrical configurations required the cell‐voltage of 1.77 V to deliver 10 mA cm−2, complimented with an ultra‐long term stability for 100 h. Therefore Cu2S‐Ni3S2/NF could be a promising and effective electrocatalyst for water‐splitting reactions.
Clinical potential of photodynamic diagnosis and therapy of tracheobronchial malignancies in the visible and infrared spectral ranges
Authors: Papayan Garry , Goncharov Sergey , Kazakov Nikita , Strui Andrey , Akopov Andrey 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article describes a video endoscopy system intended for fluorescence‐based imaging of the tracheobronchial tree in the visible (VIS) and near‐infrared (NIR) regions of the spectrum. This system helps acquire both fluorescence images (VIS/NIR) and a white‐light image of the same area and has been developed on the basis of a standard bronchofiberscope with several diode lasers used as the light sources to excite Vis and NIR, the white‐light source, and photodynamic irradiation. A multimodal video system forms images and gives the possibility to perform targeted photodynamic therapy and control the dose of light irradiation through assessing the degree of photobleaching.The system capability is illustrated through clinical examples. The paper describes the procedure for photodynamic theranostics with chlorin e6 in patients with central lung cancer. The possibility of additional accurate localization of tumor lesions and their borders with NIR imaging is shown; to acquire a NIR image, a common dose of indocyanine green (ICG) used in angiography was administered to patients during the examination. It is also demonstrated that the same lesions can be identified using a combination of two dyes: chlorin e6 + ICG.
Ethanol extract of male Carica papaya flowers demonstrated non‐toxic against MCF‐7, HEP‐G2, HELA, NCI‐H460 cancer cell lines
Authors: Nga Vo Thi , Trang Nguyen Thi Hanh , Tuyet Nguyen Thi Anh , Phung Nguyen Kim Phi , Duong Ngo Thi Thuy , Thu Nguyen Thi Hoai 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPrevious studies showed that some extracts of Carica papaya L. could inhibit various cancer cell lines. In this study, from the flowers and petioles of male Carica papaya L. we report the isolation and structural elucidation of six known compounds including stigmast‐4‐ene‐3‐one (1), β‐sitosterol 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (2), 3‐O‐(6‐O‐tetradecanoyl‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl)‐β‐sitosterol (3), benzyl β‐D‐glucopyranoside (4), uracil (5) and palmitic acid (6). Among them, compounds 1, 3, 5 were isolated from C. papaya for the first time. The ethanol extracts of leave, flower and root of male and female papaya and compounds 1, 4, 5 were tested for the inhibition of four cancer cell lines including MCF‐7, Hep‐G2, HeLa, NCI‐H460 and all of them were inactive.
Diagram of vapor‐liquid equilibria for n‐pentane using hybrid Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Nhung Nguyen Thi Ai , Van Tat Pham 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper we report the simulation results using the 5‐site Lennard‐Jones potential function obtained from ab initio interaction energy for n‐pentane at level of theory CCSD(T)/aug‐cc‐pVTZ. The hybrid Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo (HGEMC) simulation was performed under the same initial conditions for boxes 1 and 2 with 60 molecules and a density of 0.130 g /cm3. The HGEMC simulation was implemented with 106 epochs and value of Cutoff_Radius 10Å. The simulation temperature was varied from 100 to 450 K. The thermodynamic results of the vapor‐liquid equilibria derived from HGEMC‐NVT simulation are consistent with experimental data and other calculation methods.
Study on the chemical constituents of Magnolia insignis collected in Tuyen Quang province, Vietnam
Authors: Ninh Pham Thi , Hoai Ly Thi Thu , Ha Chu Thi Thu , Thai Tran Huy , Hang Phan Dieu , Van Loc Tran , Thao Tran Thi Phuong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFrom the leaves of Magnolia insignis, six compounds including (+)‐afzelechin (1), budlein B (2), pinoresinol monomethyl ether‐β‐D‐glucoside (3), nicotiflorin (4), kaempferol‐3‐O‐β‐D‐xylopyranose (5), astragalin (6) were isolated. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by MS and NMR spectra and comparison with the reported data. This is the first time that all of the above compounds have been isolated from Magnolia insignis.
Chiral salen complexes in polymeric main‐chains for heterogeneous asymmetric catalysis – a brief account
Authors: Dandachi Hiba , Hong Xiang , Ibrahim Farah , Nasrallah Houssein , Zulauf Anaïs , Jaber Nada , Mellah Mohamed , Schulz Emmanuelle 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis brief account summarizes our contribution to the field of heterogeneous asymmetric catalysis with salen complexes. We have developed two different procedures to immobilize these highly efficient catalysts in polymeric main chains for multiple reasons. These heterogenized structures possess indeed solubility properties allowing their easy recovery by simple filtration. Furthermore, by avoiding the use of large either organic or inorganic supports, the introduced catalytic mass does not so much differ from the homogeneous one. Finally, catalytic sites location is precisely controlled, a parameter of major importance for some reactions in which bimetallic activation is needed. Their use and efficiency as insoluble catalysts is here described for the promotion of C‐O and C‐C bonds formation, with a specific emphasis on their reusability and cooperativity.
A novel poxvirus isolated from an Egyptian fruit bat in Israel
Authors: David Dan , Davidson Irit , Berkowitz Asaf , Karniely Sharon , Edery Nir , Bumbarov Velizar , Laskar Orly , Elazari‐Volcani Ron 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) from the Zoological Gardens, at Tel Aviv, Israel, showed pox‐like clinical signs including vesicular and nodular skin lesions on the wings. Cell culture isolation, histopathology, electron microscopy and molecular analysis, revealed the presence of a novel bat poxvirus. Future research is needed to determine whether this virus can affect human health.
Fermentation of fibre rich ingredients exposed in vitro to the faecal inoculums of swine and turkeys
Authors: Youssef Ibrahim M. I. , Kamphues Josef 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study was focused on in vitro fermentation and in vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility of different fibre rich ingredients that can be used in diets of pigs and turkeys. In vitro DM digestibility was determined by Daisy system via using faecal or excreta fluid of swine/turkeys as a source of inoculum. The ingredients used as substrates were commercial swine or turkey diet, dried beet pulp, wheat bran, hay, straw and two types of lignocelluloses (A and B). Marked differences between the ingredients were found and the values were: dried beet pulp (80%), swine/turkey diet (75%), wheat bran (60%), hay (40%) and straw (10%–20%). Of special interest are the data on the two lignocellulose products, the in vitro DM digestibility of product A was in the range of 20% (in turkeys) up to 30% (in pigs), whereas the product B had values of <5%. Moreover, the inoculums were incubated with the same substrates for 24h using gas measuring technique. Consecutively, commercial swine or turkey diet, dried beet pulp, wheat bran and hay produced high amounts of gas and volatile fatty acids. Lignocellulose A and straw provided lower and equal amounts of gases and fatty acids. However, lignocellulose B showed very little fermentation compared to the product A. In conclusions, faecal or excreta can be used as a source of microbial activity to determine the in vitro DM digestibility or fermentation of feeds. Comparing lignocellulose products with traditional fibre sources, the DM digestibility of lignocellulose A was greater than straw but its fermentation rate seems to be equal to straw. Thus, lignocellulose A can be used as a new source of fibre in diets of monogastric animals to optimize the gut health and improving the faeces or excreta quality.
Fatigue design load calculations of the offshore NREL 5 MW benchmark turbine using quadrature rule techniques
Authors: van den Bos Laurent , Bierbooms Wim , Alexandre Armando , Sanderse Benjamin , van Bussel Gerard 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA novel approach is proposed to reduce, compared with the conventional binning approach, the large number of aeroelastic code evaluations that are necessary to obtain equivalent loads acting on wind turbines. These loads describe the effect of long‐term environmental variability on the fatigue loads of a horizontal‐axis wind turbine. In particular, Design Load Case 1.2, as standardized by IEC, is considered. The approach is based on numerical integration techniques and, more specifically, quadrature rules. The quadrature rule used in this work is a recently proposed “implicit” quadrature rule, which has the main advantage that it can be constructed directly using measurements of the environment. It is demonstrated that the proposed approach yields accurate estimations of the equivalent loads using a significantly reduced number of aeroelastic model evaluations (compared with binning). Moreover, the error introduced by the seeds (introduced by averaging over random wind fields and sea states) is incorporated in the quadrature framework, yielding an even further reduction in the number of aeroelastic code evaluations. The reduction in computational time is demonstrated by assessing the fatigue loads on the NREL 5 MW reference offshore wind turbine in conjunction with measurement data obtained at the North Sea, for both a simplified and a full load case.
Education for Environmental Citizenship and Education for Sustainability
Authors: Parra Gema , Hansmann Ralph , Hadjichambis Andreas Ch. , Goldman Daphne , Paraskeva-Hadjichambi Demetra , Sund Per , Sund Louise , Gericke Niklas , Conti Daniela 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn order to achieve a sustainable society, a citizen must be supported in overcoming any important gaps or challenges. Preparing people for Environmental Citizenship and Education for Sustainability shows coincidences in some dimensions and differences in others. However, within its definition, Environmental Citizenship has a strong emphasis on the environmental dimension of sustainability and on civic engagement in the private, social and political sphere. Environmental Citizens are able to exercise their environmental rights and duties, are able to identify the underlying structural causes of environmental degradation and environmental problems and have the willingness and the competences to address critical and active engagements. They act individually and collectively within democratic means, and consider inter- and intra-generational justice. Education for Environmental Citizenship is relevant because it can strengthen the achievement of sustainability goals through a more active civic participation. Education for Environmental Citizenship needs to develop the dispositions, skills and competencies that will enable students to reach this level of environmental awareness with wider spatial and temporal scopes, using specific educational approaches and methodologies that promote these qualities in individuals. Robust Education for Environmental Citizenship to enhance governance skills can contribute to the effective safeguarding of the environment as a holistic entity that encompasses natural, societal and economic dimensions.
Environmental Citizenship in the Context of Primary Non-formal Education
Authors: Boeve-de Pauw Jelle , Halbac-Zamfir Rares 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis chapter explores the concept of non-formal education and its potential for fostering Environmental Citizenship. Non-formal education emphasises learning beyond the formal framework of the education system. Whether this takes place at school or outside the playground, or through activities that are not subject to the school curriculum, non-formal education responds to learners’ needs, interests, knowledge and development. Non-formal education is flexible and can be adapted quickly to the socio-economic and cultural changes of the world. Involving children from a young age could later on be the difference between viewing environmental ‘best practices’ as a way of life or just as a temporary episode. We explore how learning experiences can be formative both for children’s environmental identity and as agents of change. We present an overview of significant life experiences that can contribute to this development and stress the need to attune (non-formal) Education for Environmental Citizenship to the perspective of children rather than to adults.
Environmental Citizenship in Secondary Formal Education: The Importance of Curriculum and Subject Teachers
Authors: Gericke Niklas , Huang Lihong , Knippels Marie-Christine , Christodoulou Andri , Van Dam Frans , Gasparovic Slaven 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEnvironmental Citizenship can take on different meanings in different countries and discourses as outlined in other chapters of this book. When Environmental Citizenship becomes part of the educational system, another level of complexity is added to the construct, the diversity of the educational systems in various countries. In this chapter, we will address this issue with a focus on formal secondary education. In the previous chapter on primary school and informal education, much has been written about how to practice different teaching approaches related to Education for Environmental Citizenship. In this chapter, we will focus on how to overcome the demands in order to be able to enact such teaching approaches in secondary education, with students aged 11–19 years old. In secondary education the subject or discipline comes into focus. As a result, students are taught by several subject specialists from different disciplines. To enact Environmental Citizenship, these different teachers need to collaborate. Moreover, secondary schooling might have different aims compared to other school forms, and it is often regulated with specific subject syllabi. In this chapter we discuss how Environmental Citizenship can be enacted considering these challenges.
The overall risk of malignancies is not increased in patients with Hirschsprung disease
Authors: Granström Anna Löf , Cohn-Cedermark Gabriella , Wester Tomas 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) has previously been associated with increased risk of medullary thyroid cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the overall risk of malignancies in patients with Hirschsprung disease in a population-based cohort.

Methods
This was a nationwide, population-based cohort study. The study exposure was HSCR and the study outcome was malignancy. The cohort included all individuals with HSCR registered in the Swedish National Patient Register between 1964 and 2013 and ten age- and sex-matched controls per patient, randomly selected from the Population Register. Data were linked with the Swedish National Cancer Register to identify individuals with malignancy diagnosis.

Results
The cohort comprised 739 individuals with HSCR (565 male) and 7390 controls (5650 male). Median age of the cohort was 19 years (range 2–49). In total nine (1.2%) individuals in the exposed cohort were diagnosed with malignancies compared to 57 (0.8%) in the non-exposed cohort (p = 0.195). Median age at malignancy diagnosis was 3 years (range 0–46) in the exposed group, compared to 23 (range 0–42), p = 0.132. No cases with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid were found in this cohort.

Conclusions
There was no significant difference in risk of malignancies in the exposed group compared to the unexposed group.