bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel glucose-responsive of the transparent nanofiber hydrogel patches as a wearable biosensor via electrospinning
Authors: Kim Gun Jin , Kim Kyu Oh 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMicro- and nanofiber (NF) hydrogels fabricated by electrospinning to typically exhibit outstanding high porosity and specific surface area under hydrated conditions. However, the high crystallinity of NFs limits the achievement of transparency via electrospinning. Transparent poly(vinyl alcohol)/β-cyclodextrin polymer NF hydrogels contacted with reverse iontophoresis electrodes were prepared for the development of a non-invasive continuous monitoring biosensor platform of interstitial fluid glucose levels reaching ~ 1 mM. We designed the PVA/BTCA/β-CD/GOx/AuNPs NF hydrogels, which exhibit flexibility, biocompatibility, excellent absorptivity (DI water: 21.9 ± 1.9, PBS: 41.91 ± 3.4), good mechanical properties (dried: 12.1 MPa, wetted: 5.33 MPa), and high enzyme activity of 76.3%. Owing to the unique features of PVA/β-CD/GOx containing AuNPs NF hydrogels, such as high permeability to bio-substrates and rapid electron transfer, our biosensors demonstrate excellent sensing performance with a wide linear range, high sensitivity(47.2 μA mM−1), low sensing limit (0.01 mM), and rapid response time (< 15 s). The results indicate that the PVA/BTCA/β-CD/GOx/AuNPs NF hydrogel patch sensor can measure the glucose concentration in human serum and holds massive potential for future clinical applications.
Numerical investigation of dynamic responses and mooring forces of submerged floating tunnel driven by surface waves
Authors: Chen Xuebin , Chen Zhiwu , Cai Shuqun , Xu Wei , Zhuo Xianrong , Lv Jiangen , Zhao Jiajian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBased on Navier–Stokes equations, a numerical model for studying the dynamic responses and mooring forces of the moored Submerged Floating Tunnel (SFT) driven by surface waves is presented in this paper. The mechanics models of the vertically and inclinedly moored floating body under wave forces are built, and the overset meshing method is employed to dynamically configure the computational meshes. Two laboratory experiments are used for validating the numerical model in terms of motion responses and mooring forces of the SFT, indicating the proposed model is capable of accurately simulating the instantaneous position of the body under the wave action. This hydrodynamic model is then utilized to simulate the wave–structure interaction of the prototype SFT designed for Qiongzhou Strait located between Mainland China and Hainan Island. The effects of the fundamental structure parameter, or the inclined mooring angle (IMA), on the dynamic responses of SFT are analyzed. The numerical experiments not only shed light on the mooring forces, as well as pitch, sway and heave responses of the SFT with various values of IMA, but also provide guidance for the choice of IMA in engineering design. The range of IMA is separated into five zones, and Zone 2 is regarded as the best choice for the design of IMA for both motion displacements and mooring forces are relatively small in this zone. Zone 3 is considered to be the worst choice as not only are motion responses of SFT severe in this zone, but also the mooring chains are at the risk of going slack under severe wave conditions.
Social hierarchy and the choice of metal recycling at Anyang, the last capital of Bronze Age Shang China
Authors: Liu Ruiliang , Pollard A. Mark , Cao Qin , Liu Cheng , Sainsbury Victoria , Howarth Philly , Bray Peter , Huan Limin , Yao Bohao , Fu Yuting , Tang Jigen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAnyang, the last capital of the Chinese Shang dynasty, became one of the largest metal consumers in Eurasia during the second millennium BCE. However, it remains unclear how Anyang people managed to sustain such a large supply of metal. By considering the chemical analysis of bronze objects within archaeological contexts, this paper shows that the casting and circulation of metal at Anyang was effectively governed by social hierarchy. Objects belonging to the high elites such as Fuhao, particularly the bronze ritual vessels, were made by carefully controlled alloying practice (primary) using very pure copper, whereas the lower elites only had access to bronzes made by secondary alloying practice and copper with more impurities. Such contrasts allow scholars to identify those objects which are less likely to have been made by mixing and recycling, which has very important implications for the chemical and isotopic determination of provenance for future studies.
Primary efficacy of percutaneous microwave ablation of malignant liver tumors: comparison of stereotactic and conventional manual guidance
Authors: Schaible Jan , Lürken Lukas , Wiggermann Philipp , Verloh Niklas , Einspieler Ingo , Zeman Florian , Schreyer Andreas G. , Bale Reto , Stroszczynski Christian , Beyer Lukas 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this study, we compare the primary efficacy of computed tomography-navigated stereotactic guidance to that of manual guidance for percutaneous microwave ablation of liver malignancies. In total, 221 patients (140, 17, and 64 with hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocellular carcinoma, and liver metastases, respectively) with 423 treated liver lesions underwent microwave ablation (MWA). Manual guidance (M) and stereotactic guidance (S) were used for 136 and 287 lesions, respectively. The primary endpoint was the primary efficacy and the secondary endpoint was the radiation dose. A generalised estimating equation was applied to analyse the correlation between the primary efficacy (lesion basis) and the type of guidance, size and location of lesion. The primary efficacy rate was significantly higher in the S-group (84.3%) than in the M-group (75.0%, p = 0.03). Lesion size > 30 mm was negatively correlated with the efficacy rate (odds ratio 0.38; 95% confidence interval 0.20–0.74). Stereotactic guidance was associated with a significantly lower dose length product (p < 0.01). In this retrospective study, percutaneous microwave ablation under stereotactic guidance exhibited significantly greater primary efficacy than conventional manual guidance.
Application of large-scale targeted sequencing to distinguish multiple lung primary tumors from intrapulmonary metastases
Authors: Duan Jiaxin , Ge Mingjian , Peng Jian , Zhang Yangli , Yang Li , Wang Ting , Qin Tian , Yuan Rui , Zhang Yuhong , Cheng Wei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe effective differentiation between multiple primary lung tumors (MPs) and intrapulmonary metastases (IMs) in patients is imperative to discover the exact disease stage and to select the most appropriate treatment. In this study, the authors was to evaluate the efficacy and validity of large-scale targeted sequencing (LSTS) as a supplement to estimate whether multifocal lung cancers (MLCs) are primary or metastatic. Targeted sequencing of 520 cancer-related oncogenes was performed on 36 distinct tumors from 16 patients with MPs. Pairing analysis was performed to evaluate the somatic mutation pattern of MLCs in each patient. A total of 25 tumor pairs from 16 patients were sequenced, 88% (n = 22) of which were classified as MPs by LSTS, consistent with clinical diagnosis. One tumor pair from a patient with lymph node metastases had highly consistent somatic mutation profiles, thus predicted as a primary-metastatic pair. In addition, some matched mutations were observed in the remaining two paired ground-glass nodules (GGNs) and classified as high-probability IMs by LSTS. Our study revealed that LSTS can potentially facilitate the distinction of MPs from IMs. In addition, our results provide new genomic evidence of the presence of cancer invasion in GGNs, even pure GGNs.
A measure for intrinsic information
Authors: Barbosa Leonardo S. , Marshall William , Streipert Sabrina , Albantakis Larissa , Tononi Giulio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe introduce an information measure that reflects the intrinsic perspective of a receiver or sender of a single symbol, who has no access to the communication channel and its source or target. The measure satisfies three desired properties—causality, specificity, intrinsicality—and is shown to be unique. Causality means that symbols must be transmitted with probability greater than chance. Specificity means that information must be transmitted by an individual symbol. Intrinsicality means that a symbol must be taken as such and cannot be decomposed into signal and noise. It follows that the intrinsic information carried by a specific symbol increases if the repertoire of symbols increases without noise (expansion) and decreases if it does so without signal (dilution). An optimal balance between expansion and dilution is relevant for systems whose elements must assess their inputs and outputs from the intrinsic perspective, such as neurons in a network.
Sustainable resistance switching performance from composite-type ReRAM device based on carbon Nanotube@Titania core–shell wires
Authors: Kim Youngjin , Kim Minsung , Hwang Ji Hyeon , Kim Tae Whan , Lee Sang-Soo , Jeon Woojin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA novel nanocomposite-based non-volatile resistance switching random access memory device introducing single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)@TiO2 core–shell wires was proposed for flexible electronics. The SWCNT was de-bundled by ultrasonication with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), and then the TiO2 skin layer on the SWCNT surface was successfully introduced by adding benzyl alcohol as a weak surfactant. The nanocomposite resistance switching layer was composed of the SWCNT@TiO2 core–shell wires and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix by a simple spin-coating method. The device exhibited reproducible resistance switching performance with a remarkably narrow distribution of operating parameters (VSET and VRESET were 2.63 ± 0.16 and 0.95 ± 0.11 V, respectively) with a large RON/ROFF ratio of 105 for 200 consecutive switching cycles. Furthermore, the excellent resistance switching behavior in our device was maintained against mechanical stress up to 105 bending test. We believe that the nanocomposite memory device with SWCNT@TiO2 core–shell wires would be a critical asset to realize practical application for a flexible non-volatile memory field.
Long-term N fertilization reduces uptake of N from fertilizer and increases the uptake of N from soil
Authors: Joris Helio Antonio Wood , Vitti André Cesar , Ferraz-Almeida Risely , Otto Rafael , Cantarella Heitor 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLong-term supply of synthetic nitrogen (N) has the potential to affect the soil N processes. This study aimed to (i) establish N response curves to find the best balance between inputs and outputs of N over four ratoons; (ii) use 15N-labeled fertilizer to estimate the N recovery efficiency of fertilizer applied in the current season as affected by the N management in the previous three years. Nitrogen rates (control, 60, 120, and 180 kg ha−1 N) were applied annually in the same plots after the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th sugarcane cycles. Sugarcane yield, N uptake, and N balance were evaluated. In the final season, 100 kg ha−1 of 15N was also applied in the microplots to evaluate the effect of previous N fertilization on N derived from fertilizer (NDF) and N derived from soil (NDS). Sugarcane yields increased linearly with the N rates over the four sugarcane-cycles. The best balance between the input of N through fertilizer and N removal by stalks was 90 kg ha−1 N in both the 1st and 2nd ratoons, and 71 kg ha−1 N in both the 3rd and 4th ratoons. Long-term application of N reduced NDF from 41 to 30 kg ha−1 and increased NDS from 160 to 180 kg ha−1 N. A key finding is that long-term N fertilization has the potential to affect soil N processes by increasing the contribution of soil N and reducing the contribution of N from fertilizer.
Physicochemical properties, droplet size and volatility of dicamba with herbicides and adjuvants on tank-mixture
Authors: Ferreira Pedro Henrique Urach , Thiesen Leonardo Vinicius , Pelegrini Gabriela , Ramos Maria Fernanda Tavares , Pinto Matheus Moreira Dantas , da Costa Ferreira Marcelo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe adoption of dicamba-tolerant soybean varieties has increased the concern and demand for new drift and volatility reduction technologies. Potential spray nozzles and adjuvants should be studied to determine its effects on drift and volatility of dicamba tank-mixtures. The objective of this study was to evaluate physicochemical characteristics of spray solutions containing dicamba; to analyze droplet size effect with air induction nozzles; and to assess dicamba volatilization on soybean plants with a proposed methodology. Treatments included dicamba only and mixtures with herbicides and adjuvants. Dicamba mixed with lecithin + methyl soybean oil + ethoxylated alcohol adjuvant had the greatest efficacy potential among treatments considering tank-mixture pH, surface tension, contact angle and droplet size. The MUG11003 nozzle produced the coarsest droplet size and was better suited for drift management among nozzle types. The proposed volatilization methodology successfully indicated dicamba volatilization in exposed soybean plants and among the evaluated treatments, it showed greater volatilization for dicamba with glyphosate + lecithin + propionic acid adjuvant.
Seasonal flow dynamics exacerbate overlap between artisanal fisheries and imperiled Ganges River dolphins
Authors: Paudel Shambhu , Koprowski John L. , Cove Michael V. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHere we quantify the effects of artisanal fisheries on the ecology of a small cetacean, the Ganges River dolphin (Platanista gangetica gangetica, GRD), in a large river system of Nepal. We examine the size-classes of fisheries’ catches, behavioural changes in GRD in response to fishing activities, and diel overlap between GRD and fishing activity. We observed high human exploitation rates (> 60% of the total catch per effort) of GRD-preferred prey sizes, indicating risks of high resource competition and dietary overlap, especially during the low water season when resource availability is reduced. Competitive interactions in the feeding niches during the low water season, plus temporal overlap between the peak exploitation and critical life-history events (e.g., reproduction), likely have ecological consequences. Furthermore, we detected 48% (95% CI 43–52%) increase in the chance of behavioural changes among dolphins exposed to anthropopressure (fishing activity), risking social behaviour impairment in exposed dolphins. The higher diel overlap and increased diel coefficient as the surveys progressed towards the monsoon season suggest temporal shifts in GRD socio-behavioural states and seasonal effects on resource partitioning, respectively. This work identifies drivers of small cetaceans-fisheries interactions and their consequences, and can be used to help reduce biologically significant fishing impacts on small cetaceans. Mitigation strategies, together with river sanctuary and distanced-based approaches, should be urgently included in a framework of ecosystem-based management.
A single bout of downhill running attenuates subsequent level running-induced fatigue
Authors: de Oliveira Assumpção Claudio , Barreto Renan Vieira , de Lima Leonardo Coelho Rabello , Cardozo Adalgiso Coscrato , de Lima Montebelo Maria Imaculada , Catarino Helen Reinhart Camargo , Greco Camila Coelho , Denadai Benedito Sergio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFatigue can be defined as exercise-induced strength loss. During running, fatigue can be partially explained by repetitive low-intensity eccentric contractions-induced muscle damage (EIMD). Previous studies showed that a bout of downhill running (DR) attenuated subsequent EIMD. Thus, we tested if a 30-min DR bout would attenuate fatigue induced by subsequent 60-min level running (LR). Twenty-seven male college students were randomly allocated to an experimental (EXP) or a control (CON) group. All participants performed LR on a treadmill at 70% of the velocity (vVO2peak) corresponding to peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). Only EXP performed a 30-min DR (− 15%) on a treadmill at 70% vVO2peak fourteen days before LR. Indirect EIMD markers and neuromuscular function were assessed before, immediately and 48 h after DR and LR. Knee extension isometric peak torque (IPT) decreased (− 36.3 ± 26%, p < 0.05) immediately following DR with full recovery reached 48 h post-DR. Muscle soreness developed (p < 0.05) immediately (37 ± 25 mm) and 48 h (45 ± 26 mm) post-DR. IPT and rate of torque development (RTD) at late phases (> 150 ms) from the onset of muscle contraction decreased significantly (− 10.7 ± 6.1% and from − 15.4 to − 18.7%, respectively) immediately after LR for the CON group and remained below baseline values (− 5.6 ± 8.5% and from − 13.8 to − 14.9%, respectively) 48 h post-LR. However, IPT and late RTD were not significantly affected by LR for the EXP group, showing a group x time interaction effect. We concluded that a single DR bout can be used to attenuate fatigue induced by a LR performed fourteen days after.
Altered copper homeostasis underlies sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma to copper chelation
Authors: Davis Caroline I , Gu Xingxing , Kiefer Ryan M , Ralle Martina , Gade Terence P , Brady Donita C 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver cancer, of which ∼800 000 new cases will be diagnosed worldwide this year, portends a five-year survival rate of merely 17% in patients with unresectable disease. This dismal prognosis is due, at least in part, from the late stage of diagnosis and the limited efficacy of systemic therapies. As a result, there is an urgent need to identify risk factors that contribute to HCC initiation and provide targetable vulnerabilities to improve patient survival. While myriad risk factors are known, elevated copper (Cu) levels in HCC patients and the incidence of hepatobiliary malignancies in Wilson disease patients, which exhibit hereditary liver Cu overload, suggests the possibility that metal accumulation promotes malignant transformation. Here we found that expression of the Cu transporter genes ATP7A, ATP7B, SLC31A1, and SLC31A2 was significantly altered in liver cancer samples and were associated with elevated Cu levels in liver cancer tissue and cells. Further analysis of genomic copy number data revealed that alterations in Cu transporter gene loci correlate with poorer survival in HCC patients. Genetic loss of the Cu importer SLC31A1 (CTR1) or pharmacologic suppression of Cu decreased the viability, clonogenic survival, and anchorage-independent growth of human HCC cell lines. Mechanistically, CTR1 knockdown or Cu chelation decreased glycolytic gene expression and downstream metabolite utilization and as a result forestalled tumor cell survival after exposure to hypoxia, which mimics oxygen deprivation elicited by transarterial embolization, a standard-of-care therapy used for patients with unresectable HCC. Taken together, these findings established an association between altered Cu homeostasis and HCC and suggest that limiting Cu bioavailability may provide a new treatment strategy for HCC by restricting the metabolic reprogramming necessary for cancer cell survival.
The Sun at millimeter wavelengths
Authors: Eklund Henrik , Wedemeyer Sven , Szydlarski Mikolaj , Jafarzadeh Shahin , Guevara Gómez Juan Camilo 
Published: November 2020

Context.Solar observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) facilitate studies of the atmosphere of the Sun at chromospheric heights at high spatial and temporal resolution at millimeter wavelengths.Aims.ALMA intensity data at millimeter(mm)-wavelengths are used for a first detailed systematic assessment of the occurrence and properties of small-scale dynamical features in the quiet Sun.Methods.We analyzed ALMA Band 3 data (∼3 mm/100 GHz) with a spatial resolution of ∼1.4–2.1 arcsec and a duration of ∼40 min together with SDO/HMI magnetograms. The temporal evolution of the mm maps is studied to detect pronounced dynamical features, which then are connected to dynamical events via ak-means clustering algorithm. We studied the physical properties of the resulting events and explored whether or not they show properties consistent with propagating shock waves. For this purpose, we calculated observable shock wave signatures at mm wavelengths from one- and three-dimensional model atmospheres.Results.We detect 552 dynamical events with an excess in brightness temperature (ΔTb) of at least ≥400 K. The events show a large variety in size up to ∼9″, amplitude ΔTbup to ∼1200 K with typical values in the range ∼450–750 K, and lifetime at full width at half maximum of ΔTbof between ∼43 and 360 s, with typical values between ∼55 and 125 s. Furthermore, many of the events show signature properties suggesting that they are likely produced by propagating shock waves.Conclusions.There are a lot of small-scale dynamic structures detected in the Band 3 data, even though the spatial resolution sets limitations on the size of events that can be detected. The number of dynamic signatures in the ALMA mm data is very low in areas with photospheric footpoints with stronger magnetic fields, which is consistent with the expectation for propagating shock waves.
Necrosis volume and Choi criteria predict the response to endoscopic ultrasonography-guided HybridTherm ablation of locally advanced pancreatic cancer
Authors: Testoni Sabrina Gloria Giulia , Capurso Gabriele , Petrone Maria Chiara , Barbera Maurizio , Linzenbold Walter , Enderle Markus , Gusmini Simone , Nicoletti Roberto , Della Torre Emanuel , Mariani Alberto , Rossi Gemma , Archibugi Livia , De Cobelli Francesco , Reni Michele , Falconi Massimo , Arcidiacono Paolo Giorgio 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided ablation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with HybridTherm-Probe (EUS-HTP) is feasible and safe, but the radiological response and ideal tool to measure it have not been investigated yet. The aims of this study were to: 1) assess the radiological response to EUS-HTP evaluating the vital tumor volume reduction rate, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST1.1) and Choi criteria; 2) determine the prognostic predictive yield of these criteria.
Patients and methods A retrospective analysis was performed of patients with locally advanced PDAC after primary treatment or unfit for chemotherapy prospectively treated by EUS-HTP. Computed tomography scan was performed 1 month after EUS-HTP to evaluate: 1) vital tumor volume reduction rate (VTVRR) by measuring necrosis and tumor volumes through a computer-aided detection system; and 2) RECIST1.1 and Choi criteria.
Results EUS-HTP was feasible in 22 of 31 patients (71 %), with no severe adverse events. Median post-HTP survival was 7 months (1 – 35). Compared to pre-HTP tumor volume, a significant 1-month VTVRR (mean 21.4 %) was observed after EUS-HTP (P = 0.005). We identified through ROC analysis a VTVRR > 11.46 % as the best cut-off to determine post-HTP 6-month survival outcome (AUC = 0.733; sensitivity = 70.0 %, specificity = 83.3 %). This cut-off was significantly associated with longer overall survival (HR = 0.372; P = 0.039). According to RECIST1.1 and Choi criteria, good responders to EUS-HTP were 60 % and 46.7 %, respectively. Good responders according to Choi, but not to RECIST1.1, had longer survival (HR = 0.407; P = 0.04).
Conclusions EUS-HTP induces a significant 1-month VTVRR. This effect is assessed accurately by evaluation of necrosis and tumor volumes. Use of VTVRR and Choi criteria, but not RECIST 1.1 criteria, might identify patients who could benefit clinically from EUS-HTP.