bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum amyloid a, a potential biomarker both in serum and tissue, correlates with ovarian cancer progression
Authors: Li Ze , Hou Yongwang , Zhao Meng , Li Tianning , Liu YaHui , Chang Jiao , Ren Li 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Ovarian cancer is the most fatal gynecologic malignancy worldwide due to its vagueness, delay in diagnosis, recurrence, and drug resistance. Therefore, a new type of ovarian cancer treatment prediction biomarker is urgently needed to supplement existing tools. A total of 230 people participated in this study. Out of this figure, 100 participants were patients who underwent an ovarian tumor operation, another 100 participants were ovarian benign patients, and the remaining 30 participants were healthy women. Cancer (experimental) group were 100 patients who underwent ovarian tumor operation, while the control groups were 130 participants consisting of 100 ovarian benign patients and 30 healthy women. Levels of SAA, carbohydrate antigen-125 (CA-125), and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) were assessed using standard laboratory protocols. A total of 5 ovarian cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues were collected and then stored at − 80℃ until the qRT-PCR assay was conducted. Results: The ROC curve of SAA concentration in ovarian cancer was plotted to obtain the area under the curve AUC = 0.889, the cut-off value 17.05 mg/L, the sensitivity 78.4% and specificity 86.5%. Compared with pretreatment, the level of serum SAA decreased significantly after treatment. The results revealed that there was a significant correlation between the level of serum SAA and advanced FIGO stage, histology subtype, lymphatic invasion, and distant metastasis (p = 0.003,0.002,0.000 and 0.001). The quantitative Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay revealed that the Messenger RNA (mRNA) of SAA-1 and SAA-4 was much higher in cancer tissues than in adjacent tissues, and MMPs was up-regulation including MMP-1, MMP-9 and MMP- 12 in OVCAR-3 cell stimulated by SAA. The transwell assay revealed that SAA could promote OVCAR-3 cell migration. Moreover, SAA can regulate EMT markers and promote AKT pathway activation. Conclusions: In summary, our results demonstrated that SAA may be a potential diagnosis and treatment prediction biomarker. The SAA promotes OVCAR-3 cell migration by regulating MMPs and EMT which may correlate with AKT pathway activation.
Neuroprotective Effects of Magnesium L-threonate in a Hypoxic Zebrafish Model
Authors: Kim Young Sung , Won Young Ju , Lim Byung Gun , Min Too Jae , Kim Yeon-Hwa , Lee Il-Ok 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Hypoxia inhibits the uptake of glutamate (a major neurotransmitter in the brain closely related to cognitive function) into brain cells, and the initial response of cells to cortical hypoxia depends on glutamate. Previous studies have suggested that magnesium may have protective effects against hypoxic injuries. In particular, magnesium L-threonate (MgT) may increase magnesium ion concentrations in the brain better than MgSO 4 and improve cognitive function.Methods: We evaluated cell viability under hypoxic conditions in the MgT- and MgSO 4 -treated human SH-SY5Y neurons, in vivo behavior using the T-maze test following hypoxia in MgT-treated zebrafish, activity of brain mitochondrial dehydrogenase by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, and protein expression of the excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) 4 glutamate transporter by western blotting.Results : Among the groups treated with hypoxia, cell viability significantly increased when pre-treated with 1 or 10 mM MgT (p = 0.009 and 0.026, respectively) Despite hypoxic insult, MgT-treated zebrafish showed preferences for the red compartment (p= 0.025 for distance and p= 0.007 for frequency of entries), suggesting memory preservation. TTC staining showed reduced cerebral infarction and preserved absorbance in the MgT-treated zebrafish brain after hypoxia (p=0.010 compared to the hypoxia group). In addition, western blot showed upregulation of EAAT4 protein in the MgT treated group.Conclusions: Pre-treatment with MgT attenuated cell death and cerebral infarction due to hypoxia and protected cognitive function in zebrafish. In addition, MgT appeared to modulate expression of the glutamate transporter, EAAT4.
GLV-1h68 vaccinia virus therapy of neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Kloker Linus D , Berchtold Susanne , Smirnow Irina , Beil Julia , Krieg Andreas , Sipos Bence , Lauer Ulrich M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Oncolytic virotherapy is an upcoming treatment option for many tumor entities. But so far, a first oncolytic virus only was approved for advanced stages of malignant melanomas. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) constitute a heterogenous group of tumors arising from the neuroendocrine system at diverse anatomic sites. Due to often slow growth rates and (in most cases) endocrine non-functionality, NETs are often detected only in a progressed metastatic situation, where therapy options are still severely limited. So far, immunotherapies and especially immunovirotherapies are not established as novel treatment modalities for NETs.Methods: In this immunovirotherapy study, pancreatic NET (BON-1, QGP-1), lung NET (H727, UMC-11), as well as neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) cell lines (HROC-57, NEC-DUE1) were employed. The well characterized genetically engineered vaccinia virus GLV-1h68, which has already been investigated in various clinical trials, was chosen as virotherapeutical treatment modality. Results: Profound oncolytic efficiencies were found for NET/NEC tumor cells. Besides, NET/NEC tumor cell bound expression of GLV-1h68-encoded marker genes was observed also. Furthermore, a highly efficient production of viral progenies was detected by sequential virus quantifications. Moreover, the mTOR inhibitor everolimus, licensed for treatment of metastatic NETs, was not found to interfere with GLV-1h68 replication, making a combinatorial treatment of both feasible. Conclusions: In summary, the oncolytic vaccinia virus GLV-1h68 was found to exhibit promising antitumoral activities, replication capacities and a potential for future combinatorial approaches. This has been shown in a widespread spectrum of cancers in a preclinical setting and now has to be further evaluated for treatment of metastatic neuroendocrine cancer.
The role of a 3D printed model in the teaching of human anatomy: a meta-analysis
Authors: Ye Zhen , Jiang Hanming , Nie Cuifang , Zhao Shulian , Wang Tao , Dun Aishe , Zhai Jing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an emerging technology widely used in medical education . However, its role in the teaching of human anatomy needs further evaluation. This st udy compared 3D printed models with conventional models to provide a better understanding of their use in the teaching of anatomy. Methods: PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, SpringerLink, and Nature databases were searched systematically for studies published up to April 2020 in the English language. This study complies with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. In this study, a meta-analysis of continuous and binary data was carried out. Both descriptive and statistical analysis were adopted. Results: In the teaching of human anatomy, compared with students in the conventional group, those in the 3D printing group showed several advantages in performance testing, time consumption, students’ intention, and usefulness. The leave-one-out method further confirmed the stability of the results. Conclusions: Compared with students in the conventional group, those in the 3D printing group had advantages in answering accuracy and answering time. In the test of anatomical knowledge, the test results of students in the 3D group were not inferior to those in the traditional group. Results of the autopsy test in the 3D group were better than those in the cadaver or 2D group. More students in the 3D printing group were satisfied with their learning compared with students in the conventional group. The results were influenced by the quality of randomized controlled trials. In the framework of abiding by ethics, the application of the 3D printing model in human anatomy teaching is worthy of expectation.
Stigma for Common Mental Disorders in Racial Minorities and Majorities A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Eylem Ozlem , de Wit Leonore , straten Annemieke van , Steubl Lena , Melissourgaki Zaneta , Danışman Gözde Topgüloğlu , de Vries Ralph , Kerkhof Ad J.F.M , Bhui Kamaldeep , Cuijpers Pim 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background There is a strong stigma attached to mental disorders preventing those affected from getting psychological help. The consequences of stigma are worse for racial and/or ethnic minorities compared to racial and/or ethnic majorities since the former often experience other social adversities such as poverty and discrimination within policies and institutions. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis summarizing the evidence on the impact of differences in mental illness stigma between racial minorities and majorities. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis included cross-sectional studies comparing mental illness stigma between racial minorities and majorities. Systematic searches were conducted in the bibliographic databases of PubMed, PsycINFO and EMBASE until 20 th December 2018. Outcomes were extracted from published reports, and meta-analyses, and meta-regression analyses were conducted in CMA software. Results After screening 2,787 abstracts, 29 studies with 193,418 participants (N=35,836 in racial minorities) were eligible for analyses. Racial minorities showed more stigma than racial majorities (g=0.20 (95% CI: 0.12~0.27) for common mental disorders. Sensitivity analyses showed robustness of these results. Multivariate meta-regression analyses pointed to the possible moderating role of the number of studies with high risk of bias on the effect size. Racial minorities have more stigma for common mental disorders when compared with majorities. Limitations included moderate to high risk of bias, high heterogeneity, few studies in most comparisons, and the use of non-standardized outcome measures. Conclusions Mental illness stigma is higher among ethnic minorities than majorities. An important clinical implication of these findings would be to tailor anti-stigma strategies related with mental illnesses according to specific racial and/or ethnic backgrounds with the intention to improve mental health outreach.
Use of profession-role exchange in an interprofessional student team-based community health service-learning experience
Authors: Wang Jun , Guo Jie , Wang Yubin , Yan Dan , Liu Juan , Zhang Yinghong , Hu Xianmin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background During interprofessional clinical practice, compared to understanding of one’s own professional role and function, it might be more difficult to clarify the roles and contributions of the other health-care team members because of the inter-professional barrier. In order to provide students the opportunity for real experience with other professions in team environments and enhance their perceptions of other professions’ roles, this study developed a comprehensive and multi-dimension extracurricular interprofessional education (IPE) model through designing and integrating a profession-role exchange component, that was medical students as pharmacists or nurses, pharmacy students as physicians or nurses, and nursing students as physicians or pharmacists in the interprofessional health-care student team, into the service learning experience in a real community setting. Methods In this pre/post-intervention study, the effect of integrated profession-role exchange experiences on the students’ attitudes towards interprofessional collaboration and their role clarification was evaluated among 60 student volunteers (20 medical students, 20 pharmacy students and 20 nursing students). All involved students were divided into the profession-role exchange intervention group and the control group. Subjects in the control group did not participate the profession-role exchange experiences, the other IPE procedures were the same for both groups. Three survey instruments for attitudes toward interprofessional clinical collaboration were respectively used to measure the students’ attitudes toward physician-pharmacist, physician-nurse and nurse-pharmacist collaborations. “Roles and responsibilities” subscale of Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale was used to evaluate the overall role clarification during IPE Results Compared to the control IPE activity, the addition of profession-role exchange component resulted in the significant increase in students’ positive attitudes towards interprofessional collaboration, and the enhancement of students’ role awareness. Conclusions The profession-role exchange might be more effective and better initiate students to the practice of interprofessional collaboration, and could be used as an effective IPE tool for improving the role awareness of health-care students.
Shared Decision-making between health care providers and patients at a Tertiary Hospital Diabetic Clinic in Tanzania
Authors: Vedasto Oswald , Morris Baraka , Furia Francis Fredrick 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPatients’ participation in decision making regarding their treatment is defined in ethical, legal and human rights standards in the provision of care that concerns health providers and the entire community.ObjectiveTo assess practices and challenges of diabetic patients and healthcare providers’ participation in shared decision making at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam.MethodsThis study employed a phenomenological study design using in-depth interview technique. Study participants were diabetic patients visiting the clinic and healthcare providers working at Muhimbili national hospital. Data was collected using the semi-structured interview guide with open-ended questions using an audio digital recorder. Content analysis method was used during analysis whereby categories were reached through the process of coding with assistance by Nvivo 12 software.ResultsThe study found that most participants participate in shared decision making. Few patients indicated partial participation in shared decision making. Decision aids were found important for execution of shared decision making but they are scarce. Likewise, the study found that beliefs and values, time and education level are barriers to shared decision making.ConclusionAlthough this study indicated that shared decision making is practiced at Muhimbili national hospital, further search in this area is needed to be done in other hospitals.
Modulation of inflammatory factors predicts the outcome following spinal cord injury
Authors: Yu Zepeng , Sun Xingwei , Xia Rui , Chen Qian , Wu Qin , Zheng Weiwei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The correlation between inflammatory responses caused by spinal cord injury (SCI) and the prognosis of patients with SCI still remains controversial.METHODS: In the present study, we preliminary investigated the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and compared the serum IL-4 and IL-10 expression in rats of high Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scores with these of low BBB scores. Besides, the infiltration of macrophage and the axonal regeneration of the injured spinal cord were observed from day10 to day30.RESULTS: We found that higher serum levels of IL-4 and IL-10 can reflect the restorability degree of SCI and could be potential biomarkers for the prognosis of SCI. The infiltration of the M2 subtype of macrophage and the axons regrowth might contribute to a better prognosis.CONCLUSIONS：The current study demonstrates that the serum levels of IL-4 and IL-10 are preliminary adopted as serologic markers to forecast SCI, and high serum levels of IL-4 and IL-10 may indicate a better prognosis. Moreover, the way to promote macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 may contribute to better axonal regeneration.
One-stage anterior focus debridement, interbody graft using titamium mesh cages, and anterior instrumentation and fusion in the surgical treatment of short segment thoracic tuberculosis
Authors: zhang huijun , lu zenghui , wei lin , ding chao , yang junsong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Study design:This is a retrospective studyObjective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of primary anterior debridement, bone graft fusion and internal fixation in the treatment of short segmental thoracic tuberculosis. MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 16 adult patients with short segment thoracic spinal TB who underwent surgery between September 2013 to March 2017. All the 16 patients were treated using a single primary anterior debridement, bone graft fusion and internal fixation. Clinical manifestations, laboratory, neurological symptoms,bone fusion and imaging results were subjected to statistical analysis.ResultsAll patients underwent operation successfully. The symptoms of chest and back pain were alleviated and disappeared at 1–6 months postoperatively.Patients were followed up for 24–48months (average, 35.6 ±9.6 months). Among 16 patients, no recurrence, and all the patients got bony spinal fusion within 4 to 8 months after surgery judging by spinal x-ray film.The preoperative ESR and CRP level of all patients were 72.6 ± 27.5 mm/h and 75.7 ± 25.9 mg/L, which decreased to 15.9 ± 4.6 mm/h and 4.7 ± 2.0 mg/L at the final follow-up, respectively. The preoperative thoracic kyphosis angle were 18.2± 4.1°respectively. The corresponding postoperative angles were ameliorated significantly to 9.1 ±1.9°. During the follow-up, spinal paraplegia was significantly improved in all patients. Neurologic status of the 16 patients with preoperative neurologic defcit was 3 with grade A recovered to normal; 4 with grade B recovered to normal; 4 with grade C recovered to normal; 3 with grade A recovered to grade D; 1 with grade B recovered to grade D;1 with grade C recovered to D.ConclusionThe clinical results of primary anterior debridement, bone graft fusion and internal fixation in the treatment of short segmental thoracic tuberculosis with paraplegia or incomplete paralysis can be an effective and feasible treatment method.
Equity, Anti-Racism and Social Justice: Mission Statements, Vision and Values of British Columbia’s Health Delivery System
Authors: Kang-Dhillon Harminder Bindy Kaur , Varcoe Colleen , Reimer-Kirkham Sheryl , Thobani Sunera 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Framed by a universal healthcare philosophy, publically funded Canadian healthcare delivery organizations are presumed to provide primary care for all residents. However, despite this universal coverage, healthcare inequity is evidenced for non-dominant racialized patients and healthcare providers.
Methods

To examine the diversity commitments of healthcare delivery organizations in British Columbia, we analyzed mission statements, visions and values with a list of 23 health equity markers.
Results

Our findings reveal that health equity for racialized non-dominant communities is not prioritized in the mission, vision or value statements for 7 of the 8 healthcare delivery organizations.
Conclusion

The absence of these markers reaffirms that anti-racist ideologies are not conceptualized into the institutional identities of British Columbia’s healthcare delivery organizations. Further, without an anti-racism equity framework embedded into institutional identity, organizations have a limited ability to meaningfully address inequities experienced by racialized non-dominant patients and healthcare providers. We recommend that healthcare delivery organizations review and revise their guiding documents with a lens of equity, social justice and cultural safety; and to incorporate education for all healthcare leadership and staff through the lens of anti-racist pedagogy.
A comparative study on the time to achieve negative nucleic acid testing and hospital stays between Danoprevir and Lopinavir/Ritonavir in the treatment of patients with COVID-19
Authors: Zhang Zhicheng , Wang Shumei , Tu Xianglin , Peng Xuping , Huang Yanxia , Wang Li , Ju Weihua , Rao Jianfeng , Li Xue , Zhu Donghong , Sun Huabao , Chen Hongyi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIn late December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) first outbroke in Wuhan city, China, and has now become a global pandemic. However, there is no specific antiviral treatment for COVID-19.MethodsThis study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Ninth Hospital of Nanchang. This study enrolled 33 COVID-19 patients in the nineth hospital of Nanchang from January 27th to February 24th, 2020. Clinical indexes of patients upon admission/discharge were examined. Patients were divided into two groups according to different treatment plans (Danoprevir; Lopinavir/Ritonavir). The days to achieve negative nucleic acid testing and the days of hospital stays were counted and statistically analyzed.ResultsCOVID-19 patients treated with Danoprevir or Lopinavir/Ritonavir were all improved and discharged. Indexes like blood routine, inflammation and immune-related indexes were significantly recovered after treatment. Additionally, under the circumstance that there was no significant difference in patients’ general information between the two groups, we found that the mean time to achieve negative nucleic acid testing and hospital stays of patients treated with Danoprevir both were significantly shorter than those of patients with Lopinavir/Ritonavir.ConclusionCollectively, applying Danoprevir is a good treatment plan for COVID-19 patients.Highlight1. The average time to achieve negative nucleic acid testing of COVID-19 patients treated with Danoprevir was obviously shorter than that of patients treated with Lopinavir/Ritonavir;2. The average time of hospital stays of COVID-19 patients treated with Danoprevir was significantly shorter than that of patients treated with Lopinavir/Ritonavir.