bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating community feedback effect on topic choice in social media with predictive modeling
Authors: Adelani David Ifeoluwa , Kobayashi Ryota , Weber Ingmar , Grabowicz Przemyslaw A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSocial media users post content on various topics. A defining feature of social media is that other users can provide feedback—called community feedback—to their content in the form of comments, replies, and retweets. We hypothesize that the amount of received feedback influences the choice of topics on which a social media user posts. However, it is challenging to test this hypothesis as user heterogeneity and external confounders complicate measuring the feedback effect. Here, we investigate this hypothesis with a predictive approach based on an interpretable model of an author’s decision to continue the topic of their previous post. We explore the confounding factors, including author’s topic preferences and unobserved external factors such as news and social events, by optimizing the predictive accuracy. This approach enables us to identify which users are susceptible to community feedback. Overall, we find that 33% and 14% of active users in Reddit and Twitter, respectively, are influenced by community feedback. The model suggests that this feedback alters the probability of topic continuation up to 14%, depending on the user and the amount of feedback.
Price Impact in a Latent Order Book
Authors: Lemhadri Ismael 
Published: August 2020

The latent order book of [Donier et al., 2015, A fully consistent, minimal model for nonlinear market impact, Quantitative Finance 15(7), 1109–1121] is one of the most promising agent-based models for market impact. This work extends the minimal model by allowing agents to exhibit mean-reversion, a commonly observed pattern in real markets. This modification leads to new order book dynamics, which we explicitly study and analyze. Underlying our analysis is a mean-field assumption that views the order book through its average density. We show how price impact develops in this new model, providing a flexible family of solutions that can potentially be calibrated to real data. While no closed-form solution is provided, we complement our theoretical investigation with extensive numerical results, including a simulation scheme for the entire order book.
Long-Term Bleeding Risk Prediction with Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Acute Coronary Syndromes Treated Without Revascularization
Authors: Marquis-Gravel Guillaume , Neely Megan L. , Valgimigli Marco , Costa Francesco , Van Klaveren David , Altner Rituparna , Bhatt Deepak L. , Armstrong Paul W. , Fox Keith A. A. , White Harvey D. , Ohman E. Magnus , Roe Matthew T. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Longitudinal bleeding risk scores have been validated in patients treated with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) following percutaneous coronary intervention. How these scores apply to the population of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated without revascularization remains unknown. The objective was to evaluate and compare the performances of the PRECISE-DAPT, PARIS, and DAPT (bleeding component) bleeding risk scores in the medically managed patients with ACS treated with DAPT.

Methods and Results:
TRILOGY ACS (Targeted Platelet Inhibition to Clarify the Optimal Strategy to Medically Manage Acute Coronary Syndromes) was a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial conducted from 2008 to 2012 over a median follow-up of 17.0 months in 966 sites (52 countries). High-risk patients with unstable angina or non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction who did not undergo revascularization were randomized to prasugrel or clopidogrel. The PRECISE-DAPT, PARIS, and DAPT (bleeding component) risk scores were applied in the TRILOGY ACS population to evaluate their performance to predict adjudicated non–coronary artery bypass grafting–related GUSTO (Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries) severe/life-threatening/moderate and TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction) major/minor bleeding with time-dependent c-indices. Among the 9326 participants, median age was 66 years (interquartile range, 59–74 years), and 3650 were females (39.1%). A total of 158 (1.69%) GUSTO severe/life-threatening/moderate and 174 (1.87%) TIMI major/minor non–coronary artery bypass grafting bleeding events occurred. The c-indices (95% CI) of the PRECISE-DAPT, PARIS, and DAPT (bleeding component) scores through 12 months were 0.716 (0.677–0.758), 0.693 (0.658–0.733), and 0.674 (0.637–0.713), respectively, for GUSTO bleeding and 0.624 (0.582–0.666), 0.612 (0.578–0.651), and 0.608 (0.571–0.649), respectively, for TIMI bleeding. There was no significant difference in the c-indices of each score based upon pairwise comparisons.

Conclusions:
Among medically managed patients with ACS treated with DAPT, the performances of the PRECISE-DAPT, PARIS, and DAPT (bleeding component) scores were reasonable and similar to their performances in the derivation percutaneous coronary intervention populations. Bleeding risk scores may be used to predict longitudinal bleeding risk in patients with ACS treated with DAPT without revascularization and help support shared decision making.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT00699998.
Effect of Adding Ticagrelor to Standard Aspirin on Saphenous Vein Graft Patency in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (POPular CABG)
Authors: Willemsen Laura M. , Janssen Paul W.A. , Peper Joyce , Soliman-Hamad Mohamed A. , van Straten Albert H.M. , Klein Patrick , Hackeng Chris M. , Sonker Uday , Bekker Margreet W.A. , von Birgelen Clemens , Brouwer Marc A. , van der Harst Pim , Vlot Eline A. , Deneer Vera H.M. , Chan Pin Yin Dean R.P.P. , Gimbel Marieke E. , Beukema Kasper F. , Daeter Edgar J. , Kelder Johannes C. , Tijssen Jan G.P. , Rensing Benno J.W.M. , van Es Hendrik W. , Swaans Martin J. , ten Berg Jurrien M. 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND:
Approximately 15% of saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) occlude during the first year after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) despite aspirin use. The POPular CABG trial (The Effect of Ticagrelor on Saphenous Vein Graft Patency in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery) investigated whether ticagrelor added to standard aspirin improves SVG patency at 1 year after CABG.

METHODS:
In this investigator-initiated, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial, patients with ≥1 SVGs were randomly assigned (1:1) after CABG to ticagrelor or placebo added to standard aspirin (80 or 100 mg). The primary outcome was SVG occlusion at 1 year, assessed with coronary computed tomography angiography, in all patients who had primary outcome imaging available. A generalized estimating equation model was used to perform the primary analysis per SVG. The secondary outcome was 1-year SVG failure, which was a composite of SVG occlusion, SVG revascularization, myocardial infarction in myocardial territory supplied by a SVG, or sudden death.

RESULTS:

Among 499 randomized patients, the mean age was 67.9±8.3 years, 87.1% were male, the indication for CABG was acute coronary syndrome in 31.3%, and 95.2% of procedures used cardiopulmonary bypass. Primary outcome imaging was available in 219 patients in the ticagrelor group and 224 patients in the placebo group. The SVG occlusion rate in the ticagrelor group was 9.6% (44 of 457 SVGs) versus 10.1% in the placebo group (50 of 497 SVGs; odds ratio, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.49–1.55];
P
=0.64). SVG failure occurred in 32 patients (12.9%) in the ticagrelor group versus 32 patients (13.0%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.63–1.69]).

CONCLUSIONS:
In this randomized, placebo-controlled trial, the addition of ticagrelor to standard aspirin did not reduce SVG occlusion at 1 year after CABG.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02352402. URL:
https://eudract.ema.europa.eu/
; Unique identifier: 2014-002142-50.
MicroRNA‐26a Protects the Heart Against Hypertension‐Induced Myocardial Fibrosis
Authors: Zhang Wenqian , Wang Qiaozhu , Feng Yanjing , Chen Xuegui , Yang Lijun , Xu Min , Wang Xiaofang , Li Weicheng , Niu Xiaolin , Gao Dengfeng 
Published: August 2020

Background
Hypertensive myocardial fibrosis (MF) is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix and cardiac fibroblast proliferation, which can lead to heart failure, malignant arrhythmia, and sudden death. In recent years, with the deepening of research, microRNAs have been found to have an important role in blood pressure control and maintaining normal ventricular structure and function.

Methods and Results
In this study, we first documented the downregulation of microRNA‐26a (miR‐26a) in the plasma and myocardium of spontaneously hypertensive rats; more importantly, miR‐26a–deficient mice showed MF, whereas overexpression of miR‐26a significantly prevented elevated blood pressure and inhibited MF in vivo and angiotensin II‐induced fibrogenesis in cardiac fibroblasts by directly targeting connective tissue growth factor and Smad4. miR‐26a inhibited cardiac fibroblast proliferation by the enhancer of zeste homolog 2/p21 pathway.

Conclusions
Our study identified a novel role for miR‐26a in blood pressure control and hypertensive MF and provides a possible treatment strategy for miR‐26a to alleviate and reverse hypertensive MF.
The Impact of Warm and Moist Airmass Perturbations on Arctic Mixed-Phase Stratocumulus
Authors: Eirund Gesa K. , Possner Anna , Lohmann Ulrike 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Arctic is known to be particularly sensitive to climate change. This Arctic amplification has partially been attributed to poleward atmospheric heat transport in the form of airmass intrusions. Locally, such airmass intrusions can introduce moisture and temperature perturbations. The effect of airmass perturbations on boundary layer and cloud changes and their impact on the surface radiative balance has received increased attention, especially over sea ice with regard to sea ice melt. Utilizing cloud-resolving model simulations, this study addresses the impact of airmass perturbations occurring at different altitudes on stratocumulus clouds for open-ocean conditions. It is shown that warm and moist airmass perturbations substantially affect the boundary layer and cloud properties, even for the relatively moist environmental conditions over the open ocean. The cloud response is driven by temperature inversion adjustments and strongly depends on the perturbation height. Boundary layer perturbations weaken and raise the inversion, which destabilizes the lower troposphere and involves a transition from stratocumulus to cumulus clouds. In contrast, perturbations occurring in the lower free troposphere lead to a lowering but strengthening of the temperature inversion, with no impact on cloud fraction. In simulations where free-tropospheric specific humidity is further increased, multilayer mixed-phase clouds form. Regarding energy balance changes, substantial surface longwave cooling arises out of the stratocumulus break-up simulated for boundary layer perturbations. Meanwhile, the net surface longwave warming increases resulting from thicker clouds for airmass perturbations occurring in the lower free troposphere.
Topographic Rossby Waves at Two Different Periods in the Northwest Pacific Basin
Authors: Miyamoto Masatoshi , Oka Eitarou , Yanagimoto Daigo , Fujio Shinzou , Nagasawa Maki , Mizuta Genta , Imawaki Shiro , Kurogi Masao , Hasumi Hiroyasu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTo clarify characteristics and mechanisms of mesoscale variability in the deep ocean, we conducted a two-dimensional observation with a 3 × 3 grid mooring array around site R (30°N, 147°E) during 2014–16. We analyze the obtained velocity data together with past mooring observation data in the northwest Pacific basin and outputs of an ocean general circulation model (OGCM). In our two-dimensional mooring observations, the variability of zonal and meridional velocities at a depth of 4000 m was prominent at periods of 174 and 58 days, respectively. The variability at periods of 174 and 58 days propagated to the northwest and west-southwest, respectively, as a single plane wave. The variability at the period of 58 days was considered to be topographic Rossby waves (TRWs) under stratification originated in the Kuroshio Extension region north of site R, as demonstrated by our previous study. At the period of 174 days, zonal and meridional wavenumbers estimated from the phase lag for zonal velocities also satisfied the dispersion relation of TRWs under stratification. Backward ray tracing from site R indicated that energy of TRWs propagated from the eastern slope of the Shatsky Rise to site R almost along f/H contours, where f is the Coriolis parameter and H is water depth. The orientation of major axis of variance ellipses at periods of 174 days and longer, obtained from the past mooring observations and the OGCM outputs, tended to be parallel to f/H contours, being consistent with the direction of energy propagation of TRWs.
Do We Know Our Own Tornado Season? A Psychological Investigation of Perceived Tornado Likelihood in the Southeast United States
Authors: Broomell Stephen B. , Wong-Parodi Gabrielle , Morss Rebecca E. , Demuth Julie L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractReducing fatalities from tornadoes in the southeastern United States requires considering multiple societal factors, including the risk perceptions that influence how people interpret tornado forecasts and warnings and make protective decisions. This study investigates perceptions of tornado risk in the southeastern United States, operationalized as judgments of tornado likelihood. While it is possible that residents of the Southeast could learn about tornado likelihood in their region from observing the local environment, cognitive-ecological theory from psychology suggests that such judgments of likelihood can be inaccurate, even if other aspects of local knowledge are accurate. This study analyzes data from a survey that elicited different groups’ judgments of tornado likelihood associated with different seasons, times of day, and storm system types. Results are presented from a representative sample of Southeastern residents and are compared with a sample of tornado experts (who have extensive knowledge about the likelihood of Southeastern tornadoes) and a representative sample of Great Plains residents. Overall, the analysis finds that many members of the Southeastern public deviate from the expert sample on tornado likelihood, especially for winter and overnight tornadoes. These deviations from expert opinion mimic the judgments of the Great Plains public. This study demonstrates how psychological theory and a decision science approach can be used to identify potential gaps in public knowledge about hazardous weather risks, and it reveals several such potential gaps. Further research is needed to understand the reasons for deviations between public and expert judgments, evaluate their effects on protective decision-making, and develop strategies to address them.
Age-Based Trends of Gastric Adenocarcinoma in the United States
Authors: Trumbull Denslow , Lemini Riccardo , Elli Enrique F. , Bagaria Sanjay P. , Attwood Kristopher , Gabriel Emmanuel 
Published: August 2020

Background Recent studies have shown an increase in the incidence of gastric cancer (GC) among young adults in Asia and Latin America. However, it is unknown if a similar trend is happening in the United States (US). Methods A retrospective review of the National Cancer Data Base was conducted to identify patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma between the years of 2004 and 2013. Results A total of 93 734 patients were included. The 2 age groups below 40 did not see a change in GC incidence; however, age groups above 40 had increasing incidence. Patients aged 18-25 had the largest proportion of stage 4 disease and a poor survival (median 11.5 months), compared to older patients. Conclusion Despite the increasing trend of GC among individuals, the incidence of GC among young adults is not increasing. However, this subpopulation presents at more advanced stages (clinical stage 4) and thus has worse survival.
Cost-Effectiveness of Intraoperative CT Scanning in Cochlear Implantation in Fee-for-Service and Bundled Payment Models
Authors: Mitchell Margaret B. , Labadie Robert F. 
Published: August 2020

Objective: Electrode array tip fold-over is a complication of cochlear implant surgery that results in poor hearing outcomes and often leads to revision surgery. However, tip fold-over can be corrected immediately if identified through intraoperative computed tomography, which also potentially provides information about final intracochlear positioning. Our objective was to provide the first economic analysis of intraoperative computed tomography by generating models in fee-for-service and bundled payment reimbursement structures of payer and institutional cost-effectiveness of this technology used in cochlear implantation over 1, 5, and 10-year time periods. Methods: Cost data specific to a commerically available intraoperative computed tomography machine was obtained from the manufacturer, Xoran Technologies. Institutional tip fold-over rate was obtained from already published data. Medicare reimbursement rate for cochlear implantation was obtained from institutional accountants. Private payer reimbursement for and cost of revision cochlear implantation were estimated based on available data. Results and Conclusion: At large volume centers, cost-effectiveness of this technology is possible in both fee-for-service and bundled payment reimbursement structures at various time points dependent on payer mix. Even low volume cochlear implantation centers (<150 per year) can financially benefit from intraoperative computed tomography in bundled payment models at 5- and 10-year periods regardless of payer mix. This model demonstrates key factors at play in determining cost-effectiveness of this technology including institutional factors and payer type and suggests this technology can align incentives both to improve patient care and outcomes with institutional and payer financial well-being.
(Z)-7,4'-dimethoxy-6-hydroxy-aurone-4-O-β-glucopyranoside attenuates lipoteichoic acid-induced damage in rat cardiomyoblast cells
Authors: Song Qiang , Xie Xuegang , Hu Zhi , Xue Jianying , Zhang Songlin , Xie Xinming 
Published: August 2020

Objective Excessive inflammatory responses in the endocardium are related to progression of infectious endocarditis. This study aimed to investigate whether (Z)-7,4'-dimethoxy-6-hydroxy-aurone-4-O-β-glucopyranoside (DHAG), a compound isolated from the endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, could attenuate cell damage caused by lipoteichoic acid (LTA) in embryonic rat heart cells (H9c2). Methods LTA-induced cell damage occurred in H9c2 cells and the protective effects of DHAG at different concentrations (1–10  µM) were assessed. Indicators of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in H9c2 cells were measured. Results DHAG (1–10  µM) significantly attenuated LTA-induced damage in H9c2 cells, as evidenced by increased cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential, decreased cytochrome c release and DNA fragmentation, inhibition of caspase-3 and -9 activity, and altered expression of apoptosis-related proteins. DHAG also decreased oxidative stress by increasing protein expression of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). Furthermore, DHAG inhibited inflammatory responses by decreasing protein expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Conclusion DHAG exerted protective effects against LTA-induced cell damage, at least partially by decreasing oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammatory responses. Our results provide a scientific rational for developing DHAG as a therapy against infectious endocarditis.
Clinical factors affecting prognosis of limb osteosarcoma in China: a multicenter retrospective analysis
Authors: Han Jia , Yu Yiyang , Wu Sujia , Wang Zhen , Zhang Weibin , Zhao Ming , Yao Yang , Hu Yongcheng , Wang Wenjian , Liu Xiaozhou , Yu Wenxi , Cheng Jie , Yu Lili , Bao Qiyuan , Zhang Guochuan , Yu Xiuchun , Song Ruoxian 
Published: August 2020

Objective This study was performed to explore the relationship between various clinical factors and the prognosis of limb osteosarcoma. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 336 patients with limb osteosarcoma treated from June 2000 to August 2016 at 7 Chinese cancer centers. Data on the patients’ clinical condition, treatment method, complications, recurrences, metastasis, and prognosis were collected and analyzed. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regression models were used to analyze the data. Results The patients comprised 204 males and 132 females ranging in age from 6 to 74 years (average, 21.1 years). The overall 3- and 5-year survival rates were 65.0% and 55.0%, respectively. The 5-year overall survival rate was 64.0% with standard chemotherapy and 45.6% with non-standard chemotherapy. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that standard chemotherapy, surgery, recurrence, and metastasis were independent factors associated with the prognosis of limb osteosarcoma. Conclusion The survival of patients with limb osteosarcoma can be significantly improved by combining standard chemotherapy and surgery. The overall survival rate can also be improved by adding methotrexate to doxorubicin–cisplatin–ifosfamide triple chemotherapy.
Effect of zinc supplementation on chronic hepatorenal toxicity following oral exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide (Bushfire®) in rats
Authors: Tizhe Emmanuel Vandi , Ibrahim Najume Dogon-Giginya , Fatihu Mohammed Yakasai , Ambali Suleiman Folorunsho , Igbokwe Ikechukwu Onyebuchi , Tizhe Ussa Delia 
Published: August 2020

Objectives To assess the effects of zinc pretreatment on hepatorenal toxicity following chronic exposure to glyphosate-based herbicides in male rats. Methods Following zinc pretreatment (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg), 14.4 to 750 mg/kg of oral glyphosate (Bushfire® herbicide) was administered daily for 36 weeks. Thereafter, serum samples were obtained following jugular venipuncture. Liver and kidney samples were processed for histopathological examination. Results Serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activity as well as levels of bicarbonate, calcium, creatinine were significantly increased following chronic exposure to Bushfire®. Serum levels of sodium, potassium, chloride, total protein, albumin, globulin and urea were unchanged. Moderate to severe coagulative necrosis of hepatocytes as well as glomerular and renal tubular necrosis were observed in herbicide-treated rats. Zinc pretreatment reduced the elevation of serum enzymes associated with hepatobiliary lesions, abrogated hypercalcemia and metabolic alkalosis, and mitigated serum accumulation of creatinine following Bushfire® exposure, but was ineffective in completely preventing histological lesions. Conclusion Chronic Bushfire® exposure in rats caused hepatorenal toxicity. The effects of exposure on serum parameters were ameliorated by zinc pretreatment, but the histopathological changes associated with toxicity persisted in milder forms in zinc-pretreated animals.