bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facial pain as an initial manifestation of intramedullary cervical spinal cord tumor: A case report and literature review
Authors: Dzhafarov Vidzhai , Rzaev Jamil , Moysak Galina , Voronina Eugenia 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Facial pain resembling trigeminal neuralgia is not a common clinical feature of cervical spinal cord tumor. Depending on nature of the facial pain, differential diagnosis tends to include neurovascular conflict, multiple sclerosis, cerebellopontine angle tumors, herpes zoster, facial injuries, and other conditions involving trigeminal nerve, ganglion, and root. Here, we present a unique case of pain in trigeminal distribution due to an intramedullary tumor in the upper cervical spinal cord.

Case Description:
A 27-year-old male was admitted with complaints of intense facial pain on the right side lasting for several years. MRI revealed an intramedullary lesion at the C1 level and no signs of a neurovascular conflict or a demyelination. This lesion was removed microsurgically, with the subtotal resection immediately abolishing the pain and causing no additional neurological deficit. Histological analysis revealed ganglioglioma, Grade 1. After 5-day hospital stay, the patient was discharged home; 2-year follow-up showed no tumor recurrence on MRI and persistent relief of facial pain.

Conclusion:
Secondary trigeminal neuralgia may be explained by a pathological process in vicinity of the spinal trigeminal nuclei. Removing the tumor may be expected to provide complete and lasting pain relief.
Comparison of postoperative cognitive dysfunction with the use of propofol versus desflurane in patients undergoing surgery for clipping of aneurysm after subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Sharma Nanish , Wig Jyotsna , Mahajan Shalvi , Chauhan Rajeev , Mohanty Manju , Bhagat Hemant 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Cerebral aneurysm rupture is a distinct entity among various causes of cerebrovascular accident. Despite the current concept of early surgical clipping to prevent consequences of ruptured aneurysm in good grade subarachnoid hemorrhage patients, 40–50% have postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) on a long- term basis. Here, we compared the effect of two commonly used anesthetic agents on cognitive function following cerebral aneurysmal surgery, i.e., propofol and desflurane.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective double-blind clinical study in 70 patients who were randomized to receive maintenance anesthetic agents either propofol or desflurane. The cognitive functions of patients were studied at the time of the discharge from a hospital or at 2 weeks following surgery whichever was early using the Hindi version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale. The hemodynamic parameters, brain relaxation score at the different time intervals, were also studied.

Results:
There was no difference between the two anesthetic agents in terms of incidence of POCD (65.4% vs. 82.6%, P > 0.05) at the time of discharge or at 2 weeks following surgery. The mean POCD score in propofol and desflurane group was 22.81 ± 4.45 and 19.09 ± 5.66 which was statistically significant (P-value-0.01). The scores for domains of executive function, attention, and orientation were better with propofol group than desflurane group. Intraoperative hemodynamics and brain relaxation scores were similar in both groups.

Conclusion:
A significant number of patients undergoing aneurysmal neck surgery experienced POCD although incidence remained similar in both groups. However, it appears that mean cognitive score and certain domains of cognitive functions especially the executive function, attention, and orientation were better preserved with the use of propofol when compared to desflurane at the time of discharge or on 2 weeks following surgery whichever was early.
In-vitro evaluation of cisplatin nanoparticles encompass natural polymer
Authors: Bhavani J  , Sunil Kumar Prajapati  , Ravichandran S  
Published: July 2020

Opportunistic bacterial infections are common in the various parts of human body. In recent years bacterial species have shown resistance against a number of synthetic drugs. This study measured the antibacterial activity of bacterial strains against five common pathogenic bacteria related strains. Cup plate method and two fold serial dilution method were used to evaluated by antibacterial activity by the help of different bacterial related strains. The results revealed that Cisplatin (CIP) using natural as a polymer showed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 250 mg/ml to 500 mg/ml of the broth against all bacterial strains. CIP using natural as a polymer was prepared different doses1000 μg/ml and 2000 μg/ ml and measured zone of inhibition dose dementedly reduced when compared to standard. The CIP using natural as a polymer exhibited strong anti-bacterial activity against five different species of bacteria and this may be attributed to various active components. Our research work has been indicated Nanoparticles containing CIP using natural as a polymer formulated for the enhanced anti-cancer activity through antimicrobial mechanism.
IN THE BEGINNING WAS THE ‘DIMENSIONS’. THEN, EVENING PASSED AND MORNING CAME - THE ‘SOCK’ IN DOCTORAL RESEARCH
Authors: Mammen Asha Sara 
Published: July 2020

An evaluation and understanding of that genre of academic degree attributed as the highest academic recognition bestowed by a university - the PhD or the doctoral research programme, is the aim of this essay article. The attributes or nature of the doctoral programme are referred to by the writer as ‘dimensions’. The researcher utilized various reliable sources both offline and online and gathered information from seminars and talks of intellectuals from the academia in synthesizing information to create a piece of writing that comes from the prespective of an early research scholar. Research projects are done by way of a dissertation at all levels of higher education. The question asked is - can we carry the same mindset, structure and rigour of the research undertaken at the undergraduate level of education, or more precisely, the master’s research to the PhD research programme? And of course, can there be that confidence that one can bring or feel or have as a result, to the PhD programme? Furthermore, a question that is asked in the doctoral education programme is - whether a scholar creates or invents knowledge? Or is it the use of the philosophical frameworks of the science of knowledge, in attempting to bring out what is already there, to be justified and tested, thus classifying and giving it an orderly and labelled existence, which then becomes the new form of knowledge? Doctoral research projects undertaken are of various orientations, yet there is that element, a movement to the ‘SOCK’ which makes a PhD worthy. This research paper reviews and shares insights from the perspective of an early research scholar on the various premises and claims to make rationale the arguments/research questions stated.
EVIDENCE OF TELEPORTED BIOELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY TRANSFER IN A HUMAN MINIORGAN CAUSING DELAY IN CRYSTALLIZATION
Authors: Embi Abraham A. 
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this manuscript is to introduce an optical microscopy methodology documenting an organ inter-tissue parts bioelectromagnetic energy transfer, namely the human hair follicle transferring energy to a short-isolated cut hair shaft segment vertically placed within ≅ 1 mm distance in front of the hair follicle.
The human hair has two main parts, follicle and shaft and classified as a miniorgan having its own cell divisions and metabolism. Both the follicle and shaft has been independently documented to emit and receive electromagnetic energy. This work shows a previously unrecognized property of the hair shaft, which is acting as an aerial receiver and conduit of Bioelectromagnetic Fields (BEMFs) emitted by the follicle. The received BEMF energy is transient and transferred via teleportation to be immediately discharged by the cut isolated shaft segment. The discharged crystallization imprint mimics the hair follicle proper BEMFs delaying advance of crystallization.
Comparison of angiosome based incision with conventional aggressive debridement for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.
Authors: Akhtar Naveed , Anjum Muhammad Ilyas , Ullah Shafiq , Nizami Shahid Mansoor , Rasheed Uzma , Rabbani Anas 
Published: July 2020

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of angiosome based incisions versus aggressive debridement for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Surgical Unit 1 Nishtar Medical University/ Hospital Multan. Period: 9 months duration, from 1st January 2017 to 30th September 2017. Material & Methods: Sample Size: Total 210 patients, 105 in each group. Sampling Technique: Non-probability, consecutive sampling. 210 patients of both genders with history of diabetes mellitus having Grade II diabetic foot ulcer below the ankle. Before the procedure, foot ulcers were measured and ulcer dimensions equal or greater than 4 cm2 were included in the study. 105 patients were in angiosome based incision group (Group A), while105 patients were in aggressive debridement group (Group B). Patients were called for follow up after every 5 days. Regular dressings were done to allow more regular wound inspection and cleansing to avoid infection. Efficacy of treatment was finally determined after 30 days by measuring the ulcer dimension by similar procedure as done before the start of procedure. Data was noted on especially designed proforma. Results: Age range in this study was from 30 to 60 years with mean age of 45.971± 4.89 years in Group A while 46.457± 6.22 years in Group B. Mean duration of diabetes was 10.171±4.09 years in Group A and 10.561±5.58 years in Group B. Mean duration of foot ulcer was 3.895±2.72 months in Group A and 3.790±2.03 months in Group B. Mean size of foot ulcer was 5.047±1.52 cm2 in Group A and 4.895±1.67 cm2 in Group B. Mean weight of the patients was 68.238±10.44 kg in Group A and 67.742±9.53 Kg in Group B. Majority of the patients were of 46-60 years in group A (63.8%) and in group B (66.7%). Male gender was dominant in both group (73.3% and 55.25). In group A efficacy was seen in 96 (91.4%) patients as compare to 47 (44.8%) patients in group B, (P=0.000). Conclusion: Angiosome based incision in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer has shown outstanding outcome with respect to wound healing compared with aggressive debridement.
Comparison of outcome of salbutamol alone and salbutamol in combination with ipratropium bromide in acute asthma in children.
Authors: Joiya Saima Jabeen , Khan Muhammad Azam , Haq Farhan ul , Ahmad Zahid 
Published: July 2020

Objectives: Asthma affects about 15% of children while it is one of the commonest reason for admissions in pediatric emergencies and wards. We aimed this study to determine outcome of Salbutamol alone and salbutamol in combination with Ipratropium Bromide in acute asthma in children. Study Design: Randomized Controlled trial (RCT). Setting: Unit-II Department of Pediatric Medicine, Nishtar Medical College and Hospital, Multan. Period: 20th Nov 2017 to 30th June 2018. Material & Methods: The study consisted of 104 children, with 52 children each in Group ‘A’ and ‘B’ who were subjected to salbutamol alone and salbutamol in combination with Ipratropium bromide respectively. In both groups oxygen was administered via nasal prongs at a flow rate of 3L/minute. These children was monitored at 30 minutes interval for 2 hours (least value out of these 4 values was taken). Both groups were compared for outcome in terms of mean heart rate, respiratory rate, accessory muscle score, peak expiratory flow rate (PERF) percentage and SPO2. Results: Of these 104 study cases, 61 (58.7%) were boys while 43 (41.3%) were girls. Mean age of our study cases was noted to be 9.92 ± 3.01 years. Mild level of asthma severity was noted in 35 (33.7%) and moderate severity in 69 (66.3%). Mean heart rate in group A was noted to be 119.40 ± 12.22 and in group was 119.29 ± 8.51 beats per minute. (p=0.956). Mean respiratory rate in group A was 29.98 ± 4.00 while in group B was 27.88 ± 3.85 (p=0.000). Mean accessory muscle score in group A was 0.537 ± 0.336 while in group B was 0.130 ± 0.030 (p = 0.000). Mean PEFR percentage in group A was 68.69 ± 18.64 while in group B was 87.12 ± 17.10 (p = 0.000). Mean SPO2 in group A was 96.15 ± 1.05 while it was 95.94 ± 1.29 (p = 0.362). Conclusion: Our study results have shown that nebulization of salbutamol in combination with Ipratropium Bromide is more effective in the management of children with acute asthma. It was safe, effective and reliable as there was no adverse side effect noted in our study. We recommend the use of this combination nebulization therapy in children with acute asthma.
Comparison of protein synthesis inhibiting antibiotics versus cell wall inhibitor antibiotics for treatment of diabetic foot.
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad Naeem , Azhar Muhammad , Akhtar Naeem , Afzal Muhammad Kamran 
Published: July 2020

Diabetic foot infection is a form of soft tissue infection which rapidly involves the tissues of foot. It can affect all parts of foot but pressure areas of foot are commonly involved. Early diagnosis and treatment with proper antibiotic with or without surgical intervention are vital because of high morbidity. Objectives: To compare efficacy of protein synthesis-inhibiting antibiotics (clindamycin) versus cell wall inhibitor (imipenum) for treatment of diabetic foot infections as empirical therapy in term of clearance of infection and wound healing. Study Design: Randomized Clinical Trial. Setting: Surgical department POF Hospital. Period: January 2013 to January 2017. Material & Methods: Total of 94 patients of diabetic foot infection were included in the study through non-probability consecutive sampling. Divided into two groups each have 47 patients. In group A patients were given intravenous (i/v) imipenum while in group B intravenous (i/v) clindamycin was given. Pre and post treatment culture from wound was taken and healing observed in form of granulation tissue. Results: Group A patients (imipenum group) wound healing occurred in only 9 ( 19.1%) patients and in group B (clindamycin group) treatment was effective in 34 (72.3%) patients( P 0.001) Clearance of infection occurred in 31.91 %(15) in group A and 80.85%(38) in group B(P=0.001). Conclusion: Protein synthesis inhibitor antibiotics have shown increased efficacy for control of infection and healing as compared to cell wall inhibitor antibiotics.
Possible protection against cisplatin induced behavioral changes by dietary antioxidants in adult albino mice.
Authors: Memon Sameena Gul , Shaikh Pashmina , Shahani Muhammad Yaqoob , Bano Umbreen , Rani Shazia , Memon Samreen 
Published: July 2020

Cisplatin (Cis) has been proved to be successful in treating cancers but it has several toxicities. Central nervous system toxicity is considered as one of its most common toxic effects. Vitamin E and Green tea are antioxidant with proven results on prevention of life threatening diseases. Objectives: To assess the preventive role of two antioxidants vitamin E and green tea against cisplatin induced neurobehavioral abnormalities in albino mice. Study Design: Experimental Study. Setting: Department of Anatomy, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences (LUMHS) Jamshoro, in collaboration with Sindh Agriculture University TandoJam. Material & Methods: A total of 60 mice were grouped in to Group A, (control), Group B (Cisplatin), Group C (Cisplatin plus vitamin E) and Group D (cisplatin plus green tea). The weight, gross features and behavior of the animals was monitored before and in between drug administration. Behavioral studies were performed in quiet atmosphere, and included Pain stimulation test, heat Stimulation test, cold Stimulation test, Hearing, Object Recognition test. Results: A significant decrease in weight and body hair of the Cis treated animals was noticed as compared to control animals. Paw edema, mental orientation, object recognition, noise stimulation, heat and cold stimulation, time to move away from the stimulus were also significantly different to control. All features were improved with the addition of vitamin E and green tea. Conclusion: Toxic effects of cisplatin, on morphology and behavior of adult albino mice partially abrogated with antioxidant supplementation.
Association of serum Vitamin D and omentin-1 in patients with coronary artery disease.
Authors: Nazar Shazia , Qamar Ambreen , Mughal Akbar , Butt Fareeha 
Published: July 2020

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between serum vitamin D (calcediol, D2) with omentin-1 in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Study Design: Case Control Study/ Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Civil Hospital Karachi (CHK). Period: January 2016 to June 2016. Material & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, total of 250 cases of coronary artery disease were recruited randomly from the civil hospital, Karachi. Diagnosis based upon coronary angiography. Serum Vitamin D and omentin levels determined by using enzyme linked immunosorbent essay (ELISA) in Dr. Abdul Qadeer khan Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE). 120 apparently healthy controls were recruited. Results: we observed significant low levels of serum vitamin D and omentin-1in patients of coronary artery disease. Vitamin D (calcidiole, D2) deficiency (<30ng/L) was found in 82 % (n= 205) of CAD patients, moreover; 50.8% (n=127) patients were found with severe vitamin D deficiency (8.77± 3.87) placed in group III, 31.2% (n=78) patients were found with moderate deficiency (17.09 ±4 ng/mL) in group II, whereas only 18% (n=45) had optimal serum vitamin D levels (33.02 ±16.00 ng/ mL) placed in group I. Mean serum omentin-1 level was (578± 21.87, 409±32.09, 321± 23.01) in these subgroups respectively. Serum vitamin D (calcidiole, D2) level was associated positively with omentin-1 in CAD patients (P = 0.002) after adjustment for potential confounding variables; basal metabolic rate, waist circumference, blood pressure and lipid profile. Conclusion: Within the limits of the study, we concluded that low levels of vitamin D and omentin-1 are associated with prevalent coronary artery disease (CAD) and are independent of other cardiovascular risk factors. Further investigations are required in different ethnic groups and populations to confirm the findings.
Detection of mecA gene by latex agglutination and its molecular analysis by PCR in methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus.
Authors: Khawaja Aneela , Javed Iffat , Mushtaq Sohaila , Anwar Saeed , Arshad Faiqa , Raja Naseer Ahmad 
Published: July 2020

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a devastating question that is threatening the health globally. The extensive and indiscriminative use of antibiotics has evolved a notorious resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. This resistance developed through possession of mecA gene, which codes for modified penicillin binding protein (PBP2a) and the emergent strain being labeled “methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus”. Conventional phenotypic techniques for detection of MRSA rely on standardization of cultural characteristics. The drawbacks of diagnostic error to report MRSA include: poor prognosis, expensive treatment, dissemination of multi-drug resistant strains and even treatment failure. Latex agglutination method can be adopted as a more accurate and quick strategy for rapid detection of methicillin resistance. Objectives: To compare detection of mecA gene in methicillin resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureus by latex agglutination and PCR; by assessing the sensitivity and specificity of both methods. Study Design: Descriptive Cross-Sectional study. Setting: Pathology Department, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore. Period: From January 2015 to December 2015; according to standard operating procedures at Microbiology laboratory. Material & Methods: A total 713 consecutive, non-duplicate isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were processed. Methicillin resistance was determined using cefoxitin (30mg) by Kirby-Bauer method using CLSI guideline (2016), latex agglutination method; and PCR for mecA gene. Results: The results showed that out of 713 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 92 (12.90%) isolates were resistant to cefoxitin and were labelled as MRSA. majority MRSA isolates recovered from pus (44.57%) and wound swab (20.65%), followed by blood (13.04%), fluid (8.70%), CSF (4.35%), CVP (3.26%), HVS (3.26%) and tracheal secretion (2.17%). By latex agglutination method, 87 (94.50%) were positive for PBP2a; while on PCR mecA gene was detected only in 82 (89.10%) MRSA isolates. When assessed with PCR (gold standard) the sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy of latex agglutination was 100% and 94.57%, respectively. Conclusion: Latex agglutination test can be employed as rapid and reliable diagnostic technique in MRSA isolates for mecA gene detection, where resources for molecular methods are inadequate. This can effectually lessen the misdiagnosis of resistant strains, and over/ ill-use of antibiotics.
Comparison of Bracka I versus Blair-Byar’s technique in chordee correction.
Authors: Mahmood Masood , Qadir Imran , Ali Sadaqat , Khan Muhammad Sarfraz 
Published: July 2020

To compare the outcome of the Bracka I Graft Technique versus Blair-Byar’s Flap technique in orthoplasty for urethral plate in terms of procedure time, hospital stay and urine stream after removal of Foley catheter. Objectives: There are multiple types of procedures to correct the chordee in hypospadias with chordee cases. We planned to perform study to discuss the differences between Bracka I where Graft is used for the plate of urethra and Blair-Byar’s flap technique in term of procedure time hospital stay and urine stream after removal of Foley catheter. Study Design: Randomized Control Trial study. Setting: Pediatric Urology Department, Children Hospital Faisalabad (CHF). Period: 1 year and 9 months, from April 2016 to December 2018. Material & Methods: Total 80 patients were taken with Non probability consecutive sampling technique was adopted with inclusion criteria with more than 2 years of age and hypospadias with chordee while, exclusion criteria of patients were previous surgery of chordee correction and any other associated anomalies. Results: In the patients with Bracka I procedure, n=37 patients (92.5%) have uneventful uptake of graft, where two (5%) patients have failure of uptake of graft while one (2.5%) of them had wound infection and adequate urinary stream after removal of Foley was found in all 40 patients. In Blair-Byar’s technique procedure had uneventful uptake of graft in n= 36 patients (90%) where two (5%) patients have failure of uptake of graft while two (5%) of them have wound infection. Cosmetically acceptance was in 39 patients (97.5%) by the parents and feasibility to do the second stage. While among Blair-Byar’s technique cosmetically acceptance was in 35 patients (87.5%) by the parents and feasibility to do the second stage. Conclusion: Bracka I (graft) Orthoplasty and Blair-Byar’s (flap) Orthoplasty has equivocal results in terms of tissue uptake and uneventful recovery, urinary stream post operatively, post-operative meatal diameter while cosmetically Bracka 1 is superior to Blair-Byar’s technique while feasibility of the availability of local tissue to make tube for urethroplasty in stage II.