bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of the common reflection surface-based prestack data regularization and reverse time migration: Application to real land data
Authors: Garabito German , Stoffa Paul L. , Bezerra Yuri S. F. , Caldeira João L. 
Published: December 2020

The application of reverse time migration (RTM) to land seismic data is still a great challenge due to its low quality, low signal-to-noise ratio, irregular spatial sampling, acquisition gaps, and missing traces. Therefore, prior to the application of this kind of depth migration, the input prestack data must be judiciously preconditioned; that is, it must be interpolated, regularized, and enhanced. There are several Fourier-based methods for seismic data preconditioning, but for 2D real land data, as we will show, the regularization of prestack data based on the common reflection surface (CRS) method provides high-quality enhanced preconditioned data, which is suitable for prestack depth migration and velocity model building. We have determined the successful application of RTM to onshore seismic data, revealing the great potential of combining RTM and CRS-based prestack data regularization. We apply this processing combination to real land data with low quality and irregular spatial sampling, from geologically complex areas with the presence of diabase sills and steeply dipping reflectors. Normally, it is very difficult to extract the wavelet of the seismic source from this type of low-quality onshore data because the reflection events are hidden or mixed with noise, and, because of this, RTM migration is often applied using artificial sources (e.g., a Ricker wavelet), which can introduce ringy side lobes in the reflectors. Therefore, we develop a practical algorithm for wavelet determination from the power spectrum of the CRS regularized prestack data, and we apply it successfully in the RTM migration. We develop applications of our prestack data preconditioning based on CRS followed by RTM for two 2D onshore seismic lines from the Tacutu and Parnaiba basins, Brazil. Comparisons with standard Kirchhoff depth migration reveal that the combination of CRS followed by wavelet extraction and then RTM improves the quality and resolution of the final migrated images.
Testing of a permanent orbital surface source and distributed acoustic sensing for monitoring of unconventional reservoirs: Preliminary results from the Eagle Ford Shale
Authors: Cheng Feng , Correa Julia , Dou Shan , Freifeld Barry , Wood Todd , Nihei Kurt , Guerra Dante , Birkholzer Jens , Chi Benxin , Ajo-Franklin Jonathan 
Published: December 2020

The effective monitoring of hydraulic fracturing in unconventional oil and gas production requires tools to quantify elastic property variations even in the absence of microseismic activity. To track the subtle time-lapse variations in reservoir properties during such activities, monitoring techniques with high repeatability and high resolution, spatially and temporally, are required. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is a rapidly maturing fiber-optic technology for low-cost, permanent, high density, in-well monitoring. Surface orbital vibrators (SOVs) are inexpensive fixed rotary seismic sources that offer the opportunity to frequently interrogate the subsurface with energies comparable to vibroseis sources. We have evaluated a field vertical seismic profile test, conducted in the Eagle Ford play, pairing an SOV source recorded by DAS behind casing in a deviated well to better evaluate the potential of the technology set for unconventional reservoir monitoring. We determine the data processing workflow for reservoir monitoring using the SOV-DAS system. We analyze the data characteristics of the SOV-DAS system, including the signal-to-noise ratio characteristics and source repeatability. High-quality P- and S-wave reflections, as well as mode conversions, are visible in the vertical section. In addition, clear P-P reflections are also observable along the horizontal well sections. Time shifts with a mean value of 10 μs between different data sets demonstrate the high repeatability for the semipermanent SOV source, which is crucial for time-lapse analysis. We also apply reflection imaging on P and S to reveal reflection depths. In a first-of-its-kind deployment, we implemented a rotating SOV with a slewing bearing and discuss the possibility to optimize S-wave construction along the horizontal well with specific SOV orientation directions. Our preliminary results indicate that the combination of repeatable surface sources such as SOVs with DAS has significant potential for providing a low-cost approach for high-resolution seismic monitoring of unconventional reservoirs.
What are the long-term symptoms and complications of COVID-19: a protocol for a living systematic review
Authors: Michelen Melina , Sigfrid Louise , Manoharan Lakshmi , Elkheir Natalie , Hastie Claire , O'Hara Margaret , Suett Jake C. , Cheng Vincent , Burls Amanda , Foote Carol , Stavropoulou Charitini 
Published: December 2020

Although the majority of patients with COVID-19 will experience mild to moderate symptoms and will recover fully, there is now increasing evidence that a significant proportion will experience persistent symptoms for weeks or months after the acute phase of the illness. These symptoms include, among others, fatigue, problems in breathing, lack of smell and taste, headaches, and also depression and anxiety. It has also become clear that the virus has lasting effects not only on the respiratory system but also on other parts of the body, including the heart, liver, and the nervous system. In this paper we present a protocol for a living systematic review that aims to synthesize the evidence on the prevalence and duration of symptoms and clinical features of post-acute COVID-19 and its long-term complications. The living systematic review will be updated regularly, initially monthly with update cycles under continuous review as the pace of new evidence generated develops through the pandemic. We will include studies that follow up with COVID-19 patients who have experienced persistent mild, moderate or severe symptoms, with no restrictions regarding country, setting, or language. We will use descriptive statistics to analyse the data and our findings will be presented as infographics to facilitate transcription to lay audiences. Ultimately, we aim to support the work of policy makers, practitioners, and patients when planning rehabilitation for those recovering from COVID-19. The protocol has been registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020211131, 25/09/2020).
Modelling the health and economic impacts of different testing and tracing strategies for COVID-19 in the UK
Authors: Colbourn Tim , Waites William , Manheim David , Foster Derek , Sturniolo Simone , Sculpher Mark , Kerr Cliff C , Colbourn Greg , Bowie Cam , Godfrey Keith M , Peto Julian , Burgess Rochelle A , McCoy David , Alwan Nisreen A , Yao Guiqing , Ouyang Kang , Roderick Paul J , Pizzo Elena , Hill Tony , McGrath Nuala , Orcutt Miriam , Evans Owain , Cheetham Nathan J , Bonell Chris , Gomes Manuel , Panovska-Griffiths Jasmina , Raine Rosalind 
Published: December 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is resurgent in the UK and health and economic costs of the epidemic continue to rise. There is a need to understand the health and economic costs of different courses of action. Methods: We combine modelling, economic analysis and a user-friendly interface to contrast the impact and costs of different testing strategies: two levels of testing within the current test-trace-isolate (TTI) strategy (testing symptomatic people, tracing and isolating everyone) and a strategy where TTI is combined with universal testing (UT; i.e. additional population testing to identify asymptomatic cases). We also model effective coverage of face masks. Results: Increased testing is necessary to suppress the virus after lockdown. Partial reopening accompanied by scaled-up TTI (at 50% test and trace levels), full isolation and moderately effective coverage of masks (30% reduction in overall transmission) can reduce the current resurgence of the virus and protect the economy in the UK. Additional UT from December 2020 reduces the epidemic dramatically by Jan 2021 when combined with enhanced TTI (70% test-trace levels) and full isolation. UT could then be stopped; continued TTI would prevent rapid recurrence. This TTI+UT combination can suppress the virus further to save ~20,000 more lives and avoid ~£90bn economic losses, though costs ~£8bn more to deliver. We assume that all traced and lab-confirmed cases are isolated. The flexible interface we have developed allows exploration of additional scenarios, including different levels of reopening of society after the second lockdown in England as well as different levels of effective mask coverage. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that increased TTI is necessary to suppress the virus and protect the economy after the second lockdown in England. Additional UT from December 2020 reduces the epidemic dramatically by Jan 2021 and could then be stopped, as continued TTI would prevent rapid recurrence.
Polityka poetycka Giambattisty Vica
Authors: Zając Aleksandra 
Published: December 2020

Poetical politics of Giambattista Vico
The article presents a part of Vico’s New Sience that is not so well known, but probably was a solid foundation of Vico’s famous concept of ricorsi. The thinker’s interest in poetical foundation of first societies is in a clear opposition with Cartesian and contractualist’s visions of philosophy and politics dominant in his time. The article shows how Vico’s connection to the renaissance tradition of poetical language gave him tools to explore the antiquity in a fruitfull way for philosophical and historical purposes. Nevertheless, it is partially also the tradition of Heidegger and Foucault, which makes Vico even more interesting to a contemporary reader. The article presents the poetical foundation of politics in concrete steps present in New Sience: the moment of foundation, religion of the first community, its language, morality, social structure, change, etc. It also explains epistemological means of human’s becoming historical and political: ingegno, metaphor, myth, universals, dictionary of humanity, Eternal Ideal History. As to be complete, it deals with the issue so vividly discussed during medieval and renaissance times, that is of Homer, evidencing the pride of scientists. This all brings to the attention of a reader a totally original vision of the beginnings of zoon politicon that was and is in the first instance animal symbolicum.
Światopogląd a nacjonalizm w myśli politycznej Karola Ludwika Konińskiego
Authors: Grzybek Dariusz 
Published: December 2020

Neoromantic worldview and idea of nationality in political thought of Karol Ludwik Koniński
This paper analyses concept of nationality in writings of Karol Ludwik Koniński (1891‑1943), polish writer and literary critic. Koniński was exceptional religious thinker, considering idea of Almighty God rather like moral postulate than reality. His philosophical‑theological thinking has many similarities to Simone Weil’s thought. The main concept in Koniński’s thought was distinction between ‘worthwile living’ and ‘worthless living’ inspired by neoromantic thinkers like Jean Marie Guyau, Otto Weininger and Stanisław Brzozowski. In his opinion the most worthy way of living was live in accordance with universal ethics and national culture, considered as moral heritage of past generations. Idea of nation bolstered by Koniński was idea of cultural community inspired by heroic work of national elites. In political context of his times Koniński recognized special task of Poland in propagation of idea political Liberty in East Europe, in his terms it was ‘the Greatness of Poland’. However, he missed economic aspect of political power, in consequence his heroic idea of polish nationality become neoromantic utopia of will.
Detection of lead in soil implying sample heating and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Adeel Umar Zeshan , Liaqat Usman , Ahmed Rizwan , Baig Muhammad Aslam 
Published: December 2020

The emission line intensities enhancement and sensitivity of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been a subject of great interest for the last several years to improve the detection of the trace elements in soil and other environmental samples. Among several other methodologies, LIBS of the heated targets is emerging as one of the effective techniques to achieve the objective. We have investigated the effect of target heating (room temperature, 100°C, and 200°C) on the emission enhancement and plasma parameters of the laser-produced plasma on the soil sample containing 80 ppm lead. In addition, the limit of detection (LOD) of lead in soil has been determined at a fixed target temperature (200°C) and with varying lead concentration (20 ppm, 80 ppm, and 100 ppm) in the soil samples. With increasing the target temperature, not only do the emission line intensities, the excitation temperature, and electron number density increase, but also the spectral lines of Pb emerge, which were absent in the soil spectra recorded at room temperature. The limit of detection of lead in LIBS of the heated soil target has been determined as 3.8 ppm. This study reveals the potential application of the LIBS of a pre-heated target for the detection of lead with an improved LOD in the environmental sample.
Multi-wavelength high-energy gas-filled fiber Raman laser spanning from 1.53  µm to 2.4  µm
Authors: Adamu Abubakar I. , Wang Yazhou , Habib Md. Selim , Dasa Manoj. K. , Antonio-Lopez J. E. , Amezcua-Correa Rodrigo , Bang Ole , Markos Christos 
Published: December 2020

In this work, we present a high-pulse-energy multi-wavelength Raman
laser spanning from 1.53 µm up to 2.4 µm by employing the cascaded
rotational stimulated Raman scattering effect in a 5 m hydrogen (

H

2

)-filled nested anti-resonant fiber,
pumped by a linearly polarized Er/Yb fiber laser with a peak power of

∼

13

k
W

and pulse duration of

∼

7

n
s

in the C-band. The developed Raman
laser has distinct lines at 1683 nm, 1868 nm, 2100 nm, and 2400 nm,
with pulse energies as high as 18.25 µJ, 14.4 µJ, 14.1 µJ, and 8.2 µJ,
respectively. We demonstrate how the energy in the Raman lines can be
controlled by tuning the

H

2

pressure from 1 bar to 20 bar.
Enhanced ablation efficiency using GHz bursts in micromachining fused silica
Authors: Schwarz Simon , Rung Stefan , Esen Cemal , Hellmann Ralf 
Published: December 2020

We report on micromilling cavities into fused silica by a 1030 nm femtosecond laser using 2.17 GHz bursts. The milled cavities show an increased depth per layer for a higher number of pulses per burst while the ablation efficiency is also increased. The maximum ablation efficiency for the optimum fluence achieved in our experiments is

3.05

m
m

3

/

m
i
n

/

W

for a burst number of 10, which is 7.4 times higher than for the non-burst condition (

0.41

m
m

3

/

m
i
n

/

W

). Furthermore, the ablation threshold for each sub-pulse is significantly reduced from

0.64

J

/

c
m

2

for the non-burst condition to

0.15

J

/

c
m

2

for 10 bursts. Beside the ablation efficiency, the surface roughness is also increased with the increasing burst number, while two ablation behaviors can be distinguished, namely, a gentle ablation regime for lower burst numbers and a coarse ablation regime, dominated by breaking out the surface rather than ablating it.
The effect of psychological distress on IVF outcomes: Reality or speculations?
Authors: Aimagambetova Gulzhanat , Issanov Alpamys , Terzic Sanja , Bapayeva Gauri , Ukybassova Talshyn , Baikoshkarova Saltanat , Aldiyarova Aidana , Shauyen Fariza , Terzic Milan 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionInfertility is a problem that affects millions of people worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of stress, depression and anxiety on the IVF outcomes in Kazakhstan.MethodsThe prospective cohort study was performed using questionnaires to assess psychological distress in 304 infertile female in three different cities in Kazakhstan.ResultsThe average age of participants was 33.7 years with infertility duration of 5.9 years. Regarding stress, depression and anxiety we found that more than 80% of all respondents had CES-D score higher than 16, indicating that they are at risk of developing clinical depression. On average, FPI subscales’ scores, global stress score and anxiety scale (STAI-S and STAI-T) scores were statistically significantly higher among not pregnant women than pregnant women. Similarly, in simple logistic regression analysis all FPI subscales scores, global stress scale score and anxiety scales’ scores were negatively associated with clinical pregnancy.ConclusionRates of stress, anxiety and depression among IVF patients are higher than in general population. If the level of infertility-related stress is higher, IVF success rate is lower. Findings of our study indicate the need for the specific psychological interventions for all infertility women, to improve IVF success rate.
An evidence-based methodology for systematic evaluation of clinical outcome assessment measures for traumatic brain injury
Authors: Christoforou Andrea N. , Armstrong Melissa J. , Bergin Michael J. G. , Robbins Ann , Merillat Shannon A. , Erwin Patricia , Getchius Thomas S. D. , McCrea Michael , Markowitz Amy J. , Manley Geoffrey T. , Giacino Joseph T. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction
The high failure rate of clinical trials in traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be attributable, in part, to the use of untested or insensitive measurement instruments. Of more than 1,000 clinical outcome assessment measures (COAs) for TBI, few have been systematically vetted to determine their performance within specific “contexts of use (COU).” As described in guidance issued by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the COU specifies the population of interest and the purpose for which the COA will be employed. COAs are commonly used for screening, diagnostic categorization, outcome prediction, and establishing treatment effectiveness. COA selection typically relies on expert consensus; there is no established methodology to match the appropriateness of a particular COA to a specific COU. We developed and pilot-tested the Evidence-Based Clinical Outcome assessment Platform (EB-COP) to systematically and transparently evaluate the suitability of TBI COAs for specific purposes.

Methods and findings
Following a review of existing literature and published guidelines on psychometric standards for COAs, we developed a 6-step, semi-automated, evidence-based assessment platform to grade COA performance for six specific purposes: diagnosis, symptom detection, prognosis, natural history, subgroup stratification and treatment effectiveness. Mandatory quality indicators (QIs) were identified for each purpose using a modified Delphi consensus-building process. The EB-COP framework was incorporated into a Qualtrics software platform and pilot-tested on the Glasgow Outcome Scale—Extended (GOSE), the most widely-used COA in TBI clinical studies.

Conclusion
The EB-COP provides a systematic methodology for conducting more precise, evidence-based assessment of COAs by evaluating performance within specific COUs. The EB-COP platform was shown to be feasible when applied to a TBI COA frequently used to detect treatment effects and can be modified to address other populations and COUs. Additional testing and validation of the EB-COP are warranted.
The prevalence of ulnar neuropathy at the elbow and ulnar nerve dislocation in recreational wheelchair marathon athletes
Authors: Kakita Mari , Mikami Yukio , Ibusuki Tatsuru , Shimoe Takashi , Kamijo Yoshi-ichiro , Hoekstra Sven P. , Tajima Fumihiro 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundUlnar neuropathy at the elbow is an entrapment neuropathy, while ulnar nerve dislocation might also be involved in its incidence and severity. Wheelchair marathon athletes may be at an increased risk for Ulnar Neuropathy. However, there is a paucity of research into the prevalence of Ulnar Neuropathy and ulnar nerve dislocation in this population.ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of ulnar neuropathy at the elbow and ulnar nerve dislocation in wheelchair marathon athletes.ParticipantsWheelchair marathon athletes (N = 38) who participated in the 2017, 2018, and 2019 Oita International Wheelchair Marathon. 2 athletes participated only one time, 36 athletes repeatedly. Data from athletes`latest assessment were used.MethodsThe day before the race, questionnaires, physical examinations, and ultrasonography were conducted to screen for Ulnar Neuropathy in both upper limbs. Ulnar nerve dislocation was confirmed by physical examination and ultrasonography.Results11 (29%) athletes were diagnosed with Ulnar Neuropathy. There were no significant differences in age, height, weight, Body Mass Index, or history of primary illness between athletes with and without Ulnar Neuropathy. In the group without Ulnar Neuropathy, 44% of athletes reported to have been engaging in other wheelchair sports, compared to 9% in the group with Ulnar Neuropathy (p = 0.037). Ulnar nerve dislocation was diagnosed in 15 (39%) athletes by ultrasonography. Out of the 14 elbows of 11 athletes diagnosed with Ulnar Neuropathy, 9 (64%) elbows had ulnar nerve dislocation.ConclusionThe prevalence of Ulnar Neuropathy in wheelchair marathon athletes was higher than previously reported in able-bodied, non-athlete individuals and lower than in non-athletes with lower limb dysfunction. Therefore, while wheelchair sports may provide some protection against Ulnar Neuropathy, this study further supports the importance of screening for Ulnar Neuropathy, as well as for ulnar nerve dislocation as a potential risk factor for the development of Ulnar Neuropathy.
Misalignment and tilt effect on aspheric intraocular lens designs after a corneal refractive surgery
Authors: Pérez-Gracia Jesús , Ávila Francisco J. , Ares Jorge , Vallés Juan A. , Remón Laura 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
To numerically evaluate and compare the tolerance to misalignment and tilt of aspheric intraocular lenses (IOLs) designed for three eyes: with standard cornea and with simulated corneas after myopic and hyperopic laser ablation surgery.

Methods
Three aspheric IOLs of +20.00 diopter (D) with different spherical aberration (SA) (Z40) values have been designed using a theoretical model eye. Drastic changes on the theoretical eye anterior corneal asphericity have been performed to simulate myopic and hyperopic refractive surgeries. The effect of IOL misalignment and tilt on the image quality has been evaluated using a commercial optical software design for the three eye models. Image quality was assessed from the modulation transfer function (MTF), root mean square (RMS) values of defocus, astigmatism, coma and spherical aberration (Z40), and retinal images obtained from a visual simulator using an aleatory optotype of 0.00 LogMar visual acuity (VA).

Results
IOL misalignment and tilt reduced MTF values in general, and increased wavefront aberrations errors. Aberration-free IOLs maintained best the MTF values when misalignments were applied, together with good on-axis optical quality. IOLs with negative SA (Z40) correction decreased the MTF value under 0.43 for misalignments values higher than 0.50 mm with the three corneas. The effect of misalignment on RMS astigmatism and coma was correlated with the IOL SA (Z40) and with the three corneas.

Conclusions
This theoretical study shows that the largest degradation in image quality arises for the IOL with the highest amount of spherical aberration (Z40). Moreover, it has been found that the aspherical design has a more influential role in misalignment tolerance than in tilt tolerance.