bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tourism spatial distribution in Brazil: a recent assessment using thematic cartography
Authors: Ragagnin Pimentel Maurício , Pereira Melise de Lima 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis study aims to: (1) describe the spatial distribution of tourism in Brazil; (2) assess Brazilian tourism growth and its location between 2007 and 2016; (3) discuss the implications of the findings to the understanding of tourism in Brazil and (4) debate about the methodological specifics of this work.Design/methodology/approachThematic cartography is used to explore and analyze tourism spatial distribution in Brazil. The proxy used was the number of jobs in the lodging industry in the years of 2007 and 2016, available at the Ministry of Labor RAIS data set. Descriptive statistics, Spearman's rank correlation and Ward's method for cluster analysis were applied in the construction procedures of this three-step process method.FindingsThe uneven distribution of tourism across the country and its concentration in specific areas of the Brazilian territory are presented in three thematic maps. Between 2007 and 2016 most of the growth in accommodation jobs has been in already established tourist destinations. There is a softening of accommodation Jobs concentration in large metropolises, and a trend that this growth takes place in more tourism specialized cities. Nevertheless, it is in small cities where tourism plays a significant role in changing local economies.Originality/valueIt presents and discusses Brazilian tourism spatial distribution. It assesses the whole national territory, with data broken at the country's smallest administrative level. It uses a data set that is still original in tourism literature. It considers previous research on spatial distribution and proposes a new method.
Developing 21st century leaders, a complete new process
Authors: Knights John , Grant Danielle , Young Greg 
Published: February 2020

PurposeIt is becoming more generally accepted that there is a need to develop a new kind of leader to meet the needs of our 21st century VUCA world. The bookcases are full of volumes that describe “what” great leaders should do, but “how” to develop such leaders is usually limited to a macro or systemic solution rather than focusing on granular behavioural change of the individual. This paper describes the qualities and characteristics of Transpersonal Leaders, then focuses on developing these leaders through a new coaching process and finally explains how experienced coaches can be trained to coach these leaders.Design/methodology/approachOur research over the last 20 years of working with leaders individually and in teams has focused on this issue. We have been developing “21st century ready” leaders, referred to as Transpersonal Leaders, for over 10 years in teams, but only recently have we been developing such leaders through a new coaching process. We have also developed a methodology that codifies the development of Transpersonal Leaders which, in turn, allows us to replicate the programme by training other professionals, potentially in large numbers.FindingsGraduates of the Transpersonal Coach Training Programme say that it has been a transformational personal experience, enabling them to take their leader clients to a new level. Leaders who have been coached say the programme has equipped them to learn a practical approach to becoming an authentic, ethical, caring and more effective leader.Originality/valueThis is a unique approach to coaching leaders but based on proven learning principles.
Do tournament incentives motivate chief executive officers to be socially responsible?
Authors: Ali Shahid , Zhang Junrui , Usman Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Kaleem , Khan Farman Ullah , Siddique Muhammad Abubakkar 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the question concerning whether tournament incentives motivate chief executive officers (CEOs) to be socially responsible.

Design/methodology/approach
Data from all A-share Chinese companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges for the period from 2010 to 2015 are used. To draw inferences from the data, ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and cluster OLS are used as a baseline methodology. To control for the possible issue of endogeneity, firm-fixed-effects regression, two-stage least squares regression and propensity score matching are used.

Findings
A reliable evidence is found that tournament incentives motivate CEOs to be more socially responsible. Additional analysis reveals that the positive effect of CEO tournament incentives on corporate social responsibility performance (CSRP) is more pronounced in state-owned firms than it is in non-state-owned firms. The study’s findings are consistent with tournament theory and the conventional wisdom hypothesis, which proposes that better incentives lead to competitiveness, which improves financial and social performance.

Practical implications
The study’s findings have implications for companies and regulators who wish to enhance CSRP by giving tournament incentives to top managers. Investment in social responsibility may reduce the conflict between executives and employees and improve the corporate culture.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the existing literature by providing the first evidence that CEOs’ tournament incentives play a vital role in CSRP. The study’s findings contribute to tournament theory.
Spatial biomonitoring of airborne heavy metals emitted from a steel recycling plant
Authors: Adeleke Abayomi Isaac , Fakinle Bamidele Sunday , Odunlami Olayemi Abosede , Sonibare Jacob Ademola 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe study investigated the heavy metal flux around the vicinity of a steel recycling factory using passive biomonitoring technique with several pollution indices to assess the quality of the ambient environment.Design/methodology/approachThe vegetation around the facility was identified, and the most abundant species were selected for analysis. The collected samples were dried, milled, sieved and analyzed for elemental composition using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF). Pollution indices were used to quantitatively assess the data.FindingsResults show that maximum contamination occurs at the vicinity of factory. Generally, the deterioration of the ambient air around the vicinity of the steel recycling plant decreases with increasing distance from the steel recycling plant. However, for the radius considered in this study – 1 km, the ambient air at 1 km of the steel recycling facility is quickly deteriorating, and there is an urgent need for measures to mitigate the air quality impact of the steel recycling facility.Originality/valueThe study shows that the metal recycling process emits high levels of heavy metals to the environment, and there is an urgent need for personal protective equipment for the human population working in and around the close proximity of the recycling plant.
Inhibitors in the recycling of organs and implications to the environment
Authors: Dhakate Nikhil , Joshi Rohit 
Published: February 2020

PurposeEnvironmental sustainability in health care is an important issue due to the limited available healthcare resources and increase in demand. For instance, organ recycling and transplantation may reduce the increasing pressure on healthcare resources. The purpose of this paper is to set out to identify and interrelate the inhibitors that significantly influence the recycling of human organs and their implications to the environment in developing economies such as India.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses Delphi–ISM–regression, a three-step method, to investigate the possible reasons for the poor supply chain efficiency of organ recycling and to explore the consequence of excessive use of healthcare resources on the environment. The Delphi technique facilitates the identification, synthesis, and prioritization of the inhibitors. Then, using focused group discussion, the interpretive structure modeling (ISM) presents the interaction among the inhibitors into a hierarchy. Further, on the basis of 257 valid responses received on the structured survey instrument, the regression model examines the influence of identified constructs on one of the identified root causes.FindingsThe ISM presents the hierarchy-based model that depicts high driving power and low dependence inhibitors leading to reduced organ recycling rate. “Negative Intentions of family members” toward organ donationt“Willingness to discuss with family” and “Perceived Behavioral Control” emerged as the significant factors influencing organ recycling rate, which adversely impact the environment sustainability.Originality/valueThe patients on the organ waiting list put pressure on the availability of medical resources and, ultimately, on the environment through the consumption of different drugs and disposable of medical wastes. The study suggests policymakers and hospitals improve on the existing policies for an efficient supply chain of human organ recycling. The Indian situation echoes the situation in most of the emerging economies, and similar solutions can apply there too.
The role of customers and employees in the buffer effect of corporate social responsibility in times of crisis
Authors: Ellouze Dorra 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to investigate the role of customers and employees in the buffer effect of CSR around the 2008 financial crisis in the European context.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of 323 European firms listed in STOXX Europe 600 Index, different models are estimated to test whether the effect of CSR ratings on firms' relationships with their customers and employees could be different during the 2008 financial crisis relative to the pre-crisis and post-crisis periods.FindingsThe paper shows that CSR rating has a significantly negative impact on firms' accounts receivable and a significantly positive effect on employee productivity during the crisis period (from 2007 to 2009). However, there is no significant effect of CSR rating during the non-crisis periods. These results suggest that during negative events, customers are willing to continue supporting high-CSR firms by paying their invoices faster. Furthermore, these firms benefit from higher productivity of their employees who are willing to work harder in periods of uncertainty.Research limitations/implicationsFirms should invest in CSR practices to maintain strong and cooperative relationships with their customers and employees. Also, investors should choose firms engaging in more social capital. Moreover, policymakers should encourage implementing CSR practices which act as an insurance-like protection in times of negative events.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the previous studies by investigating whether the cooperative role of customers and employees can explain the buffer role of CSR around the crisis. Furthermore, it considers companies located in several European countries for a long period (from 2004 to 2012) to compare periods of crisis and non-crisis.
How does interactive use of budgets affect creativity?
Authors: Sitepu Eddy Mayor Putra , Appuhami Ranjith , Su Sophia 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between the interactive use of budgets, role clarity and individual creativity.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data was collected from mid-level managers in publicly listed Indonesian companies. The data was analysed using partial least squares.FindingsThe findings indicate that while there is no direct association between an interactive use of budgets and individual creativity, an interactive use of budgets can affect individual creativity via role clarity.Originality/valueThis study is one of only a few studies that provide empirical evidence on the relationships between individual creativity, role clarity and the interactive use of budgets. While previous studies have been undertaken in Western countries such as the USA and the UK, this study focuses on an emerging economy – Indonesia in which firms have been trying to improve individual creativity.
Synthesis and characterization of nano-ceramic pigment Co0.5Zn0.5Al2O4 via polyacrylamide gel method
Authors: Rahimian Masoud , Saebnoori Ehsan , Hassanzadeh-Tabrizi S.A. 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to synthesize and characterize nano-ceramic blue pigment Co0.5Zn0.5Al2O4 via polyacrylamide gel method. Generally, the high cost and the environmental toxicity of cobalt aluminate pigments lead them to become less common and cause problems in production process. To significantly reduce this problem, it is required to reduce the cobalt in the pigment and replace the cobalt with some amounts of zinc in the structure.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, calcination temperature and its effects on phase specification and color properties of final product were investigated. The powders were studied by using XRD, FESEM, TG/DTA, FTIR, UV-Vis and colorimetric in CIELab space, in which the calcination temperatures were set to 600°C, 800°C and 1,000 °C, and the inert atmosphere was air.

Findings
According to the XRD patterns, single-phase spinel structure with a good crystallinity was formed even in the low temperature. The infrared spectra displayed vibrations at about 500, 560 and 680 cm−1, which were ascribed to the spinel structure. FESEM images showed nanoscale particles with an average size of 32 nm. Regarding the Co2+ spin transitions in tetrahedral sites, the UV-Vis spectra presented three bands at 552, 598 and 628 nm.

Practical implications
The colorimetric data indicated the formation of blue pigments corresponding to negative values of b*. The color of pigments was affected by calcination temperature.

Originality/value
The characterization analysis shows that a blue pigment has been obtained in this research. Different degrees of blue color were obtained at different calcination temperatures.
Managing omni-customer brand experience via augmented reality
Authors: Cuomo Maria Teresa , Tortora Debora , Festa Giuseppe , Ceruti Francesca , Metallo Gerardino 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe adoption of augmented reality (AR) settings represents an extraordinary opportunity to enrich the value of the omni-customer brand experience, especially in fashion retail. AR enhances the brand of extra-contents, both informational and sensorial, amplifies its significance toward consumers and inflects its commercial and emotional charm through new dimensions in the store. In this light, the purpose of this paper is to verify whether AR affects customer behavior toward brands in the retailing system.Design/methodology/approachBy means of a qualitative approach, a preliminary research question linking technological settings of the store/brand and customer informational eagerness has been analyzed in a fashion retailing chain store. To frame the research question, the omni-customer segment perspective has been assumed, taking into consideration two main dimensions as follows: implementation of in-store AR settings; and affective/cognitive/functional structure of the experiential brand value.FindingsPreliminary findings suggest that AR can create extra brand value by simplifying the decision-making process and engaging customers. In the sum four “realms” in terms of augmented brand experience can emerge and be managed by retailers.Originality/valueEven though the contribution of AR is easily understood in selling activities from a marketing perspective, very few retail applied studies can be found to-date. The present analysis aims to narrow this gap. It also contributes to brand management, stimulating the integration of the AR dimension as an additional facet of a brand tool kit in the “project” for value co-creation.
A novel respiration pattern biometric prediction system based on artificial neural network
Authors: Raji Rafiu King , Adjeisah Michael , Miao Xuhong , Wan Ailan 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a novel respiration pattern-based biometric prediction system (BPS) by using artificial neural network (ANN).

Design/methodology/approach
Respiration patterns were obtained using a knitted piezoresistive smart chest band. The ANN model was implemented by using four hidden layers to help achieve the best complexity to produce an adequate fit for the data. Not only did this study give a detailed distribution of an ANN model construction including the scheme of parameters and network layers, ablation of the architecture and the derivation of back-propagation during the iterations but also engaged a step-based decay to systematically drop the learning rate after specific epochs during training to minimize the loss and increase the model’s accuracy as well as to limit the risk of overfitting.

Findings
Findings establish the feasibility of using respiratory patterns for biometric identification. Experimental results show that, with a learning rate drop factor = 0.5, the network is able to continue to learn past epoch 40 until stagnation occurs which yielded a classification accuracy of 98 per cent. Out of 51,338 test set, the model achieved 51,557 correctly classified instances and 169 misclassified instances.

Practical implications
The findings provide an impetus for possible studies into the application of chest breathing sensors for human machine interfaces in the area of entertainment.

Originality/value
This is the first time respiratory patterns have been applied in biometric prediction system design.
Improving barrier and operational risk analysis (BORA) using criticality importance analysis case study: oil and gas separator
Authors: Bourareche Mouloud , Nait Said Rachid , Zidani Fatiha , Ouazraoui Nouara 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show the impact of operational and environmental conditions (risk influencing factors) on the component criticality of safety barriers, safety barrier performance and accidents frequency and therefore on risk levels.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology focuses on the integration of criticality importance analysis in barrier and operational risk analysis method, abbreviated as BORA-CIA. First, the impact of risk influencing factors (RIFs) associated with basic events on safety barrier performance and accident frequency is studied, and then, a risk evaluation is performed. Finally, how unacceptable risks can be mitigated regarding risk criteria is analyzed.FindingsIn the proposed approach (BORA-CIA), the authors show how specific installation conditions influence risk levels and analyze the prioritization of components to improve safety barrier performance in oil and gas process.Practical implicationsThe proposed methodology seems to be a powerful tool in risk decision. Ordering components of safety barriers taking into account RIFs allow maintenance strategies to be undertaken according to the real environment far from average data. Also, maintenance costs would be estimated adequately.Originality/valueIn this paper, an improved BORA method is developed by incorporating CIA. More precisely, the variability of criticality importance factors of components is used to analyze the prioritization of maintenance actions in an operational environment.
Combined immunosuppressive therapy provides favorable prognosis and increased risk of cytomegalovirus reactivation in anti‐melanoma differentiation‐associated gene 5 antibody‐positive dermatomyositis
Authors: Matsuda Kazuki M. , Yoshizaki Ayumi , Kuzumi Ai , Fukasawa Takemichi , Ebata Satoshi , Yoshizaki‐Ogawa Asako , Sato Shinichi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAnti‐melanoma differentiation‐associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody (Ab) is myositis‐specific autoantibody associated with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD) and poor prognosis. In this retrospective observational study, we aimed to verify the efficacy and safety of introducing combined immunosuppressive therapy for anti‐MDA5 Ab‐positive dermatomyositis (DM) from their early stage. We recruited all Japanese patients diagnosed with DM in our clinic between January 2011 and October 2018, who had anti‐MDA5 Ab, anti‐aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetase Ab or anti‐transcriptional intermediary factor 1‐γ Ab. Combined immunosuppressive therapy was defined as combination of systemic corticosteroids, i.v. cyclophosphamide and tacrolimus. The difference of clinical features among the three groups was analyzed by multiple comparison analysis. The longitudinal change of the measurements from baseline was examined by Wilcoxon signed‐rank test. Association between therapeutic regimens and adverse events was examined by logistic regression analysis. As a result, combined immunosuppressive therapy was most frequently used in the anti‐MDA5 Ab‐positive group, which significantly improved their forced vital capacity of the lung. Interval time since initial visit until starting treatment was the shortest in the anti‐MDA5 Ab‐positive group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of death and recurrence among the three groups. Cytomegalovirus reactivation was most common in the anti‐MDA5 Ab‐positive group, associated with combined immunosuppressive therapy. Collectively, early introduction of combined immunosuppressive therapy was effective for DM patients with anti‐MDA5 Ab. At the same time, clinicians should be aware of the risk of cytomegalovirus reactivation during the treatment.
Angiomatoid Spitz nevus with surrounding pagetoid melanocytic proliferation on the sole of the foot: An unusual case report with immunohistochemical studies for angiogenic factors
Authors: Anju Keisuke , Nakamura Yoshiyuki , Okiyama Naoko , Ishitsuka Yosuke , Saito Akimasa , Watanabe Rei , Fujisawa Yasuhiro 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAngiomatoid Spitz nevus (ASN) is a rare histological variant of Spitz nevus (SN) that is characterized by prominent blood vessel proliferation around the intradermal melanocytes of SN. In contrast, SN may have pagetoid components, which are characterized by epidermal proliferation of single melanocytes. However, cases of ASN with predominant pagetoid melanocytic proliferation in the epidermis have not been reported. Here, we report a case of ASN with surrounding pagetoid melanocytic proliferation without formation of tumor nests in the epidermis in the plantar region. A 12‐year‐old girl presented with a bright red nodule surrounded by a brown macule on the sole of her right foot. Histologically, the nodule showed tumor nests in the dermis, composed of spindle or epithelioid melanocytes containing abundant cytoplasm and large nuclei. Around the nests, numerous blood vessels were seen. In the overlying epidermis of the nodule, numerous eosinophilic Kamino bodies were found along the dermal–epidermal interface. In the macule, proliferation of oval melanocytes was present as single‐cell units in the epidermis. Theses melanocytes had abundant cytoplasm with large nuclei, which were larger than those of the surrounding keratinocytes. From these findings, a diagnosis of ASN with surrounding pagetoid melanocytic proliferation was made. Vascular endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 2 were strongly expressed in the melanocytes as well as in the endothelial cells in our case. Therefore, angiogenic factors produced by the melanocytes of SN might have played important roles in the surrounding angiogenesis of this case.