bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep sequencing shows that accumulation of potentially pathogenic mtDNA mutations rather than mtDNA copy numbers may be associated with early embryonic loss
Authors: Ji Licheng , Liao Tingting , Yang Juan , Su Houming , Song Jianyuan , Qian Kun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To explore the relationship between mitochondrial DNA quantity and heteroplasmy and early embryonic loss.

Methods
A total of 150 villous samples from patients with spontaneous abortion (SA, n = 75) or induced abortion (IA, n = 75) were collected. qPCR and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were used to test mitochondrial DNA quantity and heteroplasmy. Missense mutations with a CADD score > 15 and heteroplasmy ≥ 70% were defined as potentially pathogenic mutations.

Results
With respect to mitochondrial DNA copy numbers, there was no significant difference between the SA and IA groups (median (IQR), 566 (397–791) vs. 614 (457–739); P = 0.768) or between the euploid and aneuploid groups (median (IQR), 516 (345–730) vs. 599 (423–839); P = 0.107). mtDNA copy numbers were not associated with spontaneous abortion using logistic regression analysis (P = 0.196, 95% CI 1.000–1.001). In addition, more patients harbored possibly pathogenic mtDNA mutations in their chorionic villi in the SA group (70.7%, 53/75) compared with the IA group (54.7%, 41/75; P < 0.05). However, there was no statistical difference between the euploid (80%, 24/30) and aneuploid groups (64.4%, 29/45; p = 0.147).

Conclusion
Early embryonic loss and the formation of aneuploidy were not related to mtDNA copy number. Patients with spontaneous abortion were more likely to have possibly pathogenic mutations in their mtDNA, and this may assist in purifying pathogenic mtDNA. However, whether the accumulation of these potentially morbific mtDNA mutations caused early embryonic loss requires further investigation.
Measuring transverse relaxation in highly paramagnetic systems
Authors: Invernici Michele , Trindade Inês B. , Cantini Francesca , Louro Ricardo O. , Piccioli Mario 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe enhancement of nuclear relaxation rates due to the interaction with a paramagnetic center (known as Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement) is a powerful source of structural and dynamics information, widely used in structural biology. However, many signals affected by the hyperfine interaction relax faster than the evolution periods of common NMR experiments and therefore they are broadened beyond detection. This gives rise to a so-called blind sphere around the paramagnetic center, which is a major limitation in the use of PREs. Reducing the blind sphere is extremely important in paramagnetic metalloproteins. The identification, characterization, and proper structural restraining of the first coordination sphere of the metal ion(s) and its immediate neighboring regions is key to understand their biological function. The novel HSQC scheme we propose here, that we termed R2-weighted, HSQC-AP, achieves this aim by detecting signals that escaped detection in a conventional HSQC experiment and provides fully reliable R2 values in the range of 1H R2 rates ca. 50–400 s−1. Independently on the type of paramagnetic center and on the size of the molecule, this experiment decreases the radius of the blind sphere and increases the number of detectable PREs. Here, we report the validation of this approach for the case of PioC, a small protein containing a high potential 4Fe-4S cluster in the reduced [Fe4S4]2+ form. The blind sphere was contracted to a minimal extent, enabling the measurement of R2 rates for the cluster coordinating residues.
Multidimensional material deprivation in Poland: a focus on changes in 2015–2017
Authors: Dudek Hanna , Szczesny Wiesław 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe study applies the fuzzy approach to measuring material deprivation from a multidimensional perspective. By taking into account the intensity of deprivation this approach goes beyond the conventional research using the deprived/non-deprived dichotomy. The study is based on the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions data including a set of nine-item material deprivation indicators adopted by all European Union countries. In order to examine the effects of social reforms introduced by the Polish government in 2016, it focuses on the situation of Polish households in 2015 and 2017. The study aims to identify correlates of material deprivation in Poland using the zero-inflated beta regression model. This model enables to understand the mechanisms behind the risk and the intensity of material deprivation. Moreover, the study provides evidence that households with at least three children experienced meaningful improvement during the studied period. This is probably due to the introduction of the ‘Family 500+’ programme supporting mainly large families.
CPT correlations for thermal properties of soils
Authors: Vardon P. J. , Peuchen J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObtaining in situ thermal properties of soils is often difficult and time-consuming. Here, cone penetration test (CPT) correlations are proposed and validated for thermal properties of saturated ground, i.e. thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity, giving continuous profiles of the parameters, in a substantially reduced time. The proposed correlations utilise the characteristics of existing CPT correlations. The volumetric heat capacity correlations show good agreement with laboratory hot disc tests, and the thermal conductivity correlations proved successful for a range of soil types, including organic soils, clays and sands, although with a reasonable scatter. Empirical adjustment was required for the thermal conductivity of soils showing high (normalised) cone resistance. Utilising thermal CPT (T-CPT)-derived thermal conductivity point values in conjunction with the thermal conductivity correlations offers accurate and continuous site-specific profiles.
Dimension reduction for longitudinal multivariate data by optimizing class separation of projected latent Markov models
Authors: Farcomeni Alessio , Ranalli Monia , Viviani Sara 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe present a method for dimension reduction of multivariate longitudinal data, where new variables are assumed to follow a latent Markov model. New variables are obtained as linear combinations of the multivariate outcome as usual. Weights of each linear combination maximize a measure of separation of the latent intercepts, subject to orthogonality constraints. We evaluate our proposal in a simulation study and illustrate it using an EU-level data set on income and living conditions, where dimension reduction leads to an optimal scoring system for material deprivation. An implementation of our approach can be downloaded from .
Perfectionism and aggression following unintentional, ambiguous, and intentional provocation
Authors: Stoeber Joachim , Hadjivassiliou Anna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe social disconnection model of perfectionism posits that perfectionism is positively related to various indicators of social disconnection including hostility and aggression. Recent findings, however, indicate that only other-oriented and socially-prescribed perfectionism are positively related to aggression, not self-oriented perfectionism. The present study (N = 271) further examined the perfectionism–aggression relationships using social vignettes differentiating aggression following unintentional, ambiguous, and intentional provocation. Results showed that – when the overlap between the perfectionism dimensions was controlled – only other-oriented perfectionism showed positive relationships with aggression across provocation situations. In contrast, socially prescribed perfectionism showed a positive relationship only with aggression following unintentional provocation, and self-oriented perfectionism showed a negative relationship. The findings suggest that, whereas people high in self-oriented perfectionism tend to be unaggressive, people high in other-oriented perfectionism have a general tendency toward aggression, and people high in socially prescribed perfectionism show a hostile attribution bias.
Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and cellular immune response in HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis
Authors: Nozuma Satoshi , Kubota Ryuji , Jacobson Steven 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHuman T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is associated with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). HAM/TSP is an inflammatory disease of the spinal cord and clinically characterized by progressive spastic paraparesis, urinary incontinence, and mild sensory disturbance. The interaction between the host immune response and HTLV-1-infected cells regulates the development of HAM/TSP. HTLV-1 preferentially infects CD4+T cells and is maintained by proliferation of the infected T cells. HTLV-1-infected cells rarely express viral antigens in vivo; however, they easily express the antigens after short-term culture. Therefore, such virus-expressing cells may lead to activation and expansion of antigen-specific T cell responses. Infected T cells with HTLV-1 and HTLV-1-specific CD8+cytotoxic T lymphocytes invade the central nervous system and produce various proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, leading to neuronal damage and degeneration. Therefore, cellular immune responses to HTLV-1 have been considered to play important roles in disease development of HAM/TSP. Recent studies have clarified the viral strategy for persistence in the host through genetic and epigenetic changes by HTLV-1 and host immune responses including T cell function and differentiation. Newly developed animal models could provide the opportunity to uncover the precise pathogenesis and development of clinically effective treatment. Several molecular target drugs are undergoing clinical trials with promising efficacy. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the immunopathogenesis of HAM/TSP and discuss the perspectives of the research on this disease.
Exploring the Hidden Curriculum’s Impact on Medical Students: Professionalism, Identity Formation and the Need for Transparency
Authors: Brown Megan E.L. , Coker Oluwafemi , Heybourne Annabel , Finn Gabrielle M 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe hidden curriculum within medical education has been a topic of recent debate. Consensus opinion regarding the continued relevance of this term, what constitutes the hidden curriculum, and the nature of its impact do not exist. Further research is required to contribute to this debate. This work sets out to investigate which factors beyond taught cognitive knowledge influence medical students in clinical and educational environments and examine how this occurs. Semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with 39 students from one UK medical school. Fourteen faculty were interviewed individually to triangulate data. Data were analysed using constructivist thematic analysis, informed by grounded theory convention. The presence of the hidden curriculum was clearly demonstrated, acting through role modelling, organizational culture, stereotyping and professional dress. Mentioned frequently were the influences of the hidden curriculum on student professionalism and identity development. Professionalism was perceived as being negatively impacted by the hidden curriculum and seen as an imposition from senior faculty to control students. Students believe medical identity formation begins prior to medical school, in a process known as “anticipatory socialization”, a previously unstudied identity transition. Students felt covert institutional agendas negatively impacted their identity, pushing them further from the identity their institution was encouraging them to acquire. Key messages for educators include the need to explore the hidden curriculum through discussion with students. Improving transparency of organizational culture may allow students to interpret institutional agendas in the way institutions formally intend, reducing orthogonal interpretations of organizational culture and subsequent impact upon identity formation.
Pädagogische Arbeit an Schulen in sozial deprivierter Lage vor dem Hintergrund eigener biografischer Erfahrungen von Lehrkräften
Authors: Rutter Sabrina 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag widmet sich der Bedeutung der sozialen Herkunft von Lehrkräften bei der Reproduktion sozialer Ungleichheit, die sich in Schulen in sozial deprivierter Lage zuspitzt. Hierzu wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche handlungsleitenden Orientierungen sich bezüglich der Unterstützung sozial benachteiligter SchülerInnen rekonstruieren lassen und inwiefern diese in Verbindung mit eigenen biografischen Erfahrungen stehen. Die Analysen zeigen, dass die pädagogische Arbeit der Lehrkräfte stark mit herkunftsspezifischen Logiken zusammenhängt. Hieraus ergeben sich wichtige Linien der zukünftigen Debatte über Bildungsungleichheit, vor allem in professionstheoretischer Hinsicht.
A novel plausible mechanism of NSAIDs-induced apoptosis in cancer cells: the implication of proline oxidase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
Authors: Kazberuk Adam , Zareba Ilona , Palka Jerzy , Surazynski Arkadiusz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAlthough pharmaco-epidemiological studies provided evidence for the anticancer potential of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the mechanism of their anti-cancer activity is not known. Several lines of evidence suggest that proline dehydrogenase/proline oxidase (PRODH/POX) may represent a target for NSAIDs-dependent anti-cancer activity. PRODH/POX catalyzes conversion of proline into Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate releasing ATP or reactive oxygen species for autophagy/apoptosis. Since NSAIDs are ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARs) and PPARs are implicated in PRODH/POX-dependent apoptosis we provided a hypothesis on the mechanism of NSAIDs-induced apoptosis in cancer cells.
Eine religionspsychologische Perspektive auf Besessenheit: Die Studie von Traugott Konstantin Oesterreich (1921) und ihre heutige Relevanz
Authors: Demmrich Sarah 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Psychologe Traugott Konstantin Oesterreich (1880–1949) gilt mit seinem Interesse an religiösen Erfahrungen als einer der Pioniere der Kultur- und Religionspsychologie. Neben Glossolalie (Zungenrede) und parapsychologischen Phänomenen (z. B. Geistererscheinungen) behandelte er ganz zentral Besessenheitszustände. In seinen früheren Werken geht er – in Anlehnung an französische Psychopathologen wie Pierre Janet – von einer Persönlichkeitsspaltung aus, die der Besessenheit zugrunde läge. Mit dieser bricht Oesterreich jedoch auf Basis seiner Einsichten zur Phänomenologie des Ich und belegt inDie Besessenheit(1921) anhand zahlreicher internationaler Dokumente seine These der Besessenheit als zwangs- und gefühlsmäßigen Imitationszustand, wobei dissoziative Zustände nicht nur Ursache (z. B. Depersonalisation, Derealisation), sondern auch Folge des Besessenheitsanfalls seien (z. B. Amnesie). Oesterreichs Studie zur Besessenheit bleibt gerade im Kontext einer erhöhten Nachfrage an Exorzismen in einigen europäischen Ländern hochrelevant. Heutige Studien zur Besessenheit betonen negative Auswirkungen von Exorzismen für die psychische Gesundheit von Menschen mit dissoziativen Störungen. Aus diesem Grund sollte es Anliegen zukünftiger Forschung sein, therapeutische Modelle weiterzuentwickeln, die stärker auf die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Psychotherapeuten und unterstützenden Seelsorgern abzielen.
No prognostic significance of normalized copy number of PML-RARA transcript at diagnosis in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Rasekh Eman O. , Elsayed Ghada M. , Fathy Sherouk 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Acute promyelocytic leukemia is a peculiar disease with few studies that have investigated the prognostic significance of PML/RARA transcript level at diagnosis.

Patients and methods:
This retrospective study included all cases diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia over the period from June 2015 to March 2019. The normalized copy number (NCN) was tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction at diagnosis, and at the end of induction regimen.

Results:
Our study included 83 de novo APL patients, 53 (63.9%) were adults and 30 (36.1%) were children. The median (range) age of our patients was 28.0 (1.0–70.0) years. The pediatric group had a significantly higher prevalence in males (p = 0.02), higher incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (p = 0.014), and high-risk groups (p = 0.017). At diagnosis, the median NCN (%) of the entire group at 22.5 was set as the cut off value. There was no significant association between NCN at diagnosis and other prognostic variables except for bone marrow promyelocytes (p = 0.006). High-risk group APL patients as well as those presenting with hemorrhage had an inferior overall survival (OS) (p = 0.007; p < 0.001) respectively. PML-RARA NCN at diagnosis did not have an impact on the OS or increased risk of relapse of our patients (p = 0.434; p = 0.721).

Conclusion:
the initial PML/RARA tumor burden is not a prognostic factor for APL. The initial TLC at 10×109/L cut off is the most important predictive for OS. Early detection and close monitoring are required to decrease the high rate of early deaths in developing countries.
Avoiding the most common vulnerability-management pitfalls
Authors: Lim Mieng 
Published: July 2020

Vulnerability management (VM) can seem unmanageable at times. But the key to successful VM is working smarter rather than harder. If you approach VM intelligently and prioritise appropriately, you can keep the number of resulting tasks from spiralling out of control. Vulnerability management (VM) can seem unmanageable at times. But the key to successful VM is working smarter rather than harder. Often the devil is in the details as well as the larger processes. That's why it's good practice to step back and evaluate your vulnerability-management programme from end to end. If you approach VM intelligently and prioritise appropriately, you can keep the number of resulting tasks from spiralling out of control, argues Mieng Lim of Digital Defense.
The ‘dark data’ conundrum
Authors: Hobart Mark 
Published: July 2020

Unstructured ‘dark' data is both an opportunity and a threat to every business. How your organisation manages this unique category of data will potentially define its chances of success or failure over the years to come. This article explores the risk and opportunity inherent in dark data and suggests ways of enhancing your organisation's approach to managing this enigmatic data type. Unstructured dark data is both an opportunity and a threat to every business. How your organisation manages this data will potentially define its chances of success or failure over the years to come. Given the potential afforded by illuminating dark data, it is worth looking at the value of your own dark data and what you can do to reduce the long-term cost of hoarding data of no value, mitigate the risks of a data breach, drive efficiencies in business processing, prepare your organisation to exploit AI, increase your competitiveness and deliver tangible improvements in services, says Mark Hobart of Infoboss.
Latin UNUS and the discourse properties of unity cardinals
Authors: Schaden Gerhard 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article investigates the discourse behaviour of Latinunus(‘one’) in theVulgate, in order to better understand the starting point of the grammaticalization process ultimately leading to an indefinite article. To this end, I will study unity cardinals in general, focusing particularly on Englishone. Empirically, it will be shown thatunusbehaved like a unity cardinal in late Latin, without showing any clear sign of ongoing grammaticalization towards an indefinite article. I will try to explain the discursive behaviour of unity cardinals with reference toantipresuppositions, within the framework of thegame of same and different. Finally, I will sketch how the results fit within the general picture of the incipient grammaticalization of indefinite articles, by providing an account of so far unexplained scope phenomena.
Predictor: The First Home Pregnancy Test
Authors: Olszynko-Gryn Jesse 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis essay uses Predictor, the first home pregnancy test, to reexamine the doctor-patient relationship in Britain in the 1960s and 1970s, a tumultuous period associated with permissiveness, women's liberation, and the erosion of medical authority. It shows how the rise of self-testing contributed to a realignment of the power dynamics among women, doctors, and pharmacists. It argues that the humble home pregnancy test kit merits a place—alongside the birth control pill and abortion law reform—in histories of health consumerism and reproductive choice in the twentieth century.
PRIME AND SEMIPRIME QUANTUM LINEAR SPACE SMASH PRODUCTS
Authors: GADDIS JASON 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBosonizations of quantum linear spaces are a large class of pointed Hopf algebras that include the Taft algebras and their generalizations. We give conditions for the smash product of an associative algebra with a bosonization of a quantum linear space to be (semi)prime. These are then used to determine (semi)primeness of certain smash products with quantum affine spaces. This extends Bergen’s work on Taft algebras.
Early environmental risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders – a systematic review of twin and sibling studies
Authors: Carlsson Torkel , Molander Felix , Taylor Mark J. , Jonsson Ulf , Bölte Sven 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWhile neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are highly heritable, several environmental risk factors have also been suggested. However, the role of familial confounding is unclear. To shed more light on this, we reviewed the evidence from twin and sibling studies. A systematic review was performed on case control and cohort studies including a twin or sibling within-pair comparison of neurodevelopmental outcomes, with environmental exposures until the sixth birthday. From 7,315 screened abstracts, 140 eligible articles were identified. After adjustment for familial confounding advanced paternal age, low birth weight, birth defects, and perinatal hypoxia and respiratory stress were associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and low birth weight, gestational age and family income were associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), categorically and dimensionally. Several previously suspected factors, including pregnancy-related factors, were deemed due to familial confounding. Most studies were conducted in North America and Scandinavia, pointing to a global research bias. Moreover, most studies focused on ASD and ADHD. This genetically informed review showed evidence for a range of environmental factors of potential casual significance in NDDs, but also points to a critical need of more genetically informed studies of good quality in the quest of the environmental causes of NDDs.
Different Routes, Same Effects
Authors: Allemand Mathias , Flückiger Christoph 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. In the field of forgiveness interventions, little research has been done on the comparative effects of learning-oriented versus action-oriented routes in managing unresolved interpersonal transgressions. In this study, 73 older adults ( M = 68.8 years) were randomized to either a learning-oriented group intervention condition that emphasized learning factors by helping older adults to understand the transgression in a more adaptive way; or to an action-oriented group intervention condition that emphasized action factors by helping older adults to practice new behaviors and skills to manage the transgression. The findings indicated that both conditions resulted in decreases in revenge, transgression-related thoughts and feelings, negative affect, and psychological distress as well as increases in life satisfaction. We were able to demonstrate that both routes are equally effective in reducing negative states and producing positive states.