bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causal overstatements reduced in press releases following academic study of health news
Authors: Bratton Luke , Adams Rachel C. , Challenger Aimée , Boivin Jacky , Bott Lewis , Chambers Christopher D. , Sumner Petroc 
Published: May 2020

Background: Exaggerations in health news were previously found to strongly associate with similar exaggerations in press releases. Moreover such exaggerations did not appear to attract more news. Here we assess whether press release practice changed after these reported findings; simply drawing attention to the issue may be insufficient for practical change, given the challenges of media environments. Methods: We assessed whether rates of causal over-statement in press releases based on correlational data were lower following a widely publicised paper on the topic, compared to an equivalent baseline period in the preceding year. Results: We found that over-statements in press releases were 28% (95% confidence interval = 16% to 45%) in 2014 and 13% (95% confidence interval = 6% to 25%) in 2015. A corresponding numerical reduction in exaggerations in news was not significant. The association between over-statements in news and press releases remained strong. Conclusions: Press release over-statements were less frequent following publication of Sumner et al. (2014). However, this is correlational evidence and the reduction may be due to other factors or natural fluctuations.
The Implementation of Communicative Language Teaching in English Practice
Authors: Sabrina Arini 
Published: May 2020

2013 Curriculum now has been implemented so widely in Indonesia, especially in English teaching and learning process. It delineates some focal points like student-centred active learning and contextual teaching which hopefully brings the students to learn more effectively. Furthermore, there is an apparent unanimity that the curriculum may lead the meaningfulness of learning. In relation to English teaching approach, Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) is likened to the latest curriculum. CLT emphasises on the context and authenticity. Thus, this approach should go along with 2013 Curriculum. This study aims at finding out the implementation of CLT in line with the curriculum, since many previous studies alert some problems happening while CLT is applied not in ESL as its birthplace, yet in EFL context. In fact, Indonesia perceives English as foreign language. But, there are still few studies related to this approach. After observation and document tracking are conducted, it is concluded that Scientific Approach and Communicative Language Teaching Approach are able to blend to create more effective communicative learning.
Primary School Students’ Attitudes towards Science
Authors: Cermik Hulya , Fenli-Aktan Aslihan 
Published: May 2020

<p>This study aims to find out the attitude levels of the fourth grade primary school students towards science and to examine these attitudes according to some variables. The study is designed in descriptive survey model to reveal the present situation. The data were collected through Attitude towards Science Scale, a three-point Likert scale developed by the researchers. A total of 562 students participated in the study. The findings of the study demonstrate that the students' attitudes towards science, which are based on two dimensions including scientific discovery and scientific curiosity, are positive. The students' attitudes towards science do not differ statistically according to their gender. However, their attitudes towards science show statistically significant differences according to whether the students follow a scientific magazine or not, whether they study at a public or private school, whether their mothers are a teacher or not and the educational level of their parents. It is believed that the results will contribute to raising generations with positive attitudes towards science.</p>
Nesting behavior of reintroduced Bornean Orangutan in Bukit Batikap Conservation Forest, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: IKE NURJUITA NAYASILANA  , SRI SUCI UTAMI ATMOKO  , AHMAT SUYOKO  , SUWARNO HADISUSANTO  
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Nayasilana IN, Atmoko SS, Suyoko A, Hadisusanto S. 2020. Nesting behavior of reintroduced Bornean Orangutan in Bukit Batikap Conservation Forest, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2088-2096. Great apes such as orangutans build a nest to rest in every night. Orangutan’s nest making skills correlate with their adaptability in a new habitat. Here we analyzed the nest skill on the reintroduced orangutan. Skills process and thought training there is a back to remembers in forest school and pre-release islands in the rehabilitation center. The study aimed to observe the skill adaptation of reintroduced orangutans (semi-wild and ex-rehabilitate) for nest building and the characteristic of the tree chosen for their nests in a new habitat. The study was 16 individuals (8 semi-wild and 8 ex-rehabilitate) from February 2012 to November 2014 at the release site of Bukit Batikap Conservation Forest, Central Kalimantan. The method used in the study was instantaneous focal animal sampling, which follows the behavior of each orangutan from the morning nest to the night nest. Non-parametric statistics test (Kruskal-Wallis) was used to nesting behavior, Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) is used to determine the relationship between nesting behavior and nesting tree species, and ArcMap GIS 10.3 to find out the distribution of nest trees in the research location. The result of the study revealed that reintroduced orangutan prefers to build a nest to rest at night rather than day nest. Semi-wild orangutans prefer tree species with dense canopy and branching, while ex-rehabilitation orangutans pay less attention to this. Mostly, reintroduced Bornean orangutan created new nests rather than reusing and/or repairing old nests. Species of Syzygium sp. Lithocarpus sp. and Xanthophyllum sp. are a preferred species of the nest tree, the nest position of 2 (nests are constructed on the main side-branch) and 3 (the crown of the tree) is dominance. Orangutan prefer height tree species between 26-30m for day nests, are selectively determined as part of the adaptation process. However, each individual will choose the nest type species of tree, positions, and height according to their characteristics of the nest tree.
Approximation from the Humanist Administration in a Case Study of Hotels in Villa De Leyva, Boyacá
Authors: TÉLLEZ-BEDOYA Carlos Arturo , GÓMEZ-RODRÍGUEZ Dustin Tahisin , RAMOS-PINEDA Camilo Andres , BERNAL-RODRÍGUEZ Edgar Andrés 
Published: May 2020

Purpose: To learn about the interpretations that the internal actors of the hotels in Villa de Leyva have about business management, in the context of the humanist administration. Design: Based on qualitative research, a descriptive study was addressed. Methodology: The method used was the case study applied to a non-probabilistic sample of three organizations in order to get an approximation of the social reality and in this way, identify the management styles that are developed in the hotels of the municipality of Villa de Leyva, Boyacá . In this context, the information was collected through in-depth interview technique. Findings: It was evidenced that, most of Villa de Leyva hotels develop practices that are far from the humanist administration, this is why, it would have greater relevance to apply this type of postulates to improve the competitiveness and projection of this type of organizations, as well as, the stability and happiness of employees. Originality of the research: This research is a pioneer in the Boyacá region. The results show perceptions in the context of these hotels about the humanist administration, which, unfortunately, is not always taken into account.
Analysis on Willingness to Pay at the Ecotourism Destination, Cigamea Waterfall, Halimun-Salak National Reserve
Authors: MUNANDAR Aris , GUNAWAN Andi , NURAZIZAH Ghoitsa Rohmah , KUSUMOARTO Andrianto 
Published: May 2020

Cigamea Waterfall is one of the ecotourism destinations situated in area of Salak Resort II of Halimun-Salak National Reserve (HSNR) Indonesia that can be partialy developed. The area consists of sub montanes forest and montane forest categorized as humid tropical forest. The uniqueness and the beauty of the flora, fauna, natural phenomena, and the natural condition become attraction for people to visit the area and willingness to pay for contribution fee. This fee is used as management funding to preserve the area. A demand for a commodity is trigered by willingness affordibility in buying that commodity (willingness to pay). The research analyzed willingness to pay by visitors to enjoy the beauty of Cigamea Waterfall. Logit method with descriptive quantitative approach was used in this study. Several stages in this study included: (1) analysing visitors’ trend; (2) analysing respondents’logit regression towards willingness to pay (WTP); (3) analysing willingness to pay. During this research, this ecosystem may be the last home for Leopard which stated vulnerable (VU) by REDLIST of IUCN and may be the last home for other endangered (EN) species. Based on the analysis on the responses of 342 respondents concerning their willingness to pay for contribution, 202 of the (59,1%) were willing to pay while the rest 140 respondents (48,9%) refused to pay. The average value of willingness to pay obtained was 15.000 IDR (1 USD = 14.000 IDR per year 2016) paid to enjoy the beauty of Salak Resort II, HSNR. This value was higher than that of the ticket per ecotourism object charged by the management of the resort averaging 7.500 IDR. Based on respondents’ willingness to pay, the average of the willingness to pay to enjoy the Cigamea waterfall ecotourism object was 14.000 IDR. The Willingness to pay to get into Cigamea Waterfall was lower than that for entering Salak Resort II, HSNR. Visitors willingness to visit Cigamea Waterfall ecoturism object due to the existence of forest and some natural phenomena, river as ecological corridors of the area, easy access through trekking path corridors in the forest margin (edges) as well as the potential of the flora and the fauna. The potential value of Cigamea Waterfall was 3,66 (out of 1 to 7 scale of Guideline of Ministry of Forestry), that of the flora was 2,48, while value of the fauna was 3,29. This also support claims toward a new paradigm of value that ecosystem is not only treated as supply depot of resources but also treated as oikos (home for us and other living organism).
Development of Ethnographic Tourism in the Republic of Tuva
Authors: SAMBUU Anna 
Published: May 2020

Tuva has a huge tourist potential, combining a unique variety of natural conditions with picturesque landscapes, richness of fauna and flora, preserved national traditions, unique monuments of nature and culture. Pristine nature, a large number of natural and archaeological sites, extensive hunting grounds – all this creates the basis for the development of domestic and international tourism in the region. The ancient history and diversity of natural conditions of the mountain area determined the traditional way of life of the Tuvinians, the life of Russian old believers, Buddhism and shamanism, which are of great interest to tourists. However, in the sphere of tourism of the Republic there are problems and limitations associated with the current state of the tourist infrastructure, etc.
The purpose of this article is to identify the specifics of the development of ethnographic tourism in the Republic of Tuva, taking into account national and spiritual and moral aspects for the revival and preservation of ethnic and cultural heritage.
A new methodology for simultaneous comparison and optimization between nanoparticles and their drug conjugates against various multidrug-resistant bacterial strains
Authors: Shaikh Ahson Jabbar , Aman Nargis , Yameen Muhammad Arfat 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Multidrug-resistant bacteria are becoming more hazardous day by day for human health all over the world, and the scientific community is trying hard to resolve this issue by various approaches. One of the very common approaches is to bind drugs to nanoparticles and study enhanced antibacterial properties.

Objective
To compare simultaneously different types of nanoparticles, their concentration, bacterial strains and their incubation time intervals for each of the selected drug combination.

Methods
We have selected the most commonly used gold and silver nanoparticles and few examples from fluoroquinolone antibiotics to make their conjugates and study their efficacy against multidrug-resistant E. coli and S. aureus strains simultaneously, at different incubation time intervals and different concentration of nanoparticles.

Results
Gold nanoparticle hybrids do not show any significant effect. Silver nanoparticle hybrids show far better results, even at extremely low concentrations.

Conclusions
This unique and simple approach allows us to know the exact time intervals and concentration required for each nanoparticle combination to control the growth for any specific strain. This approach can be extended to any set of nanoparticles, drugs and bacterial strains for comparative purposes.
Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Isoxazole Tagged Indole Hybrid Compounds
Authors: Al-Qawasmeh Raed A. , Al-Nazer Louy A. , Dawlat-Kari Sarah A. , Abu-Qatouseh Luay , Sabri Salim S. , AlDamen Murad A. , Sinnokrot Mutasem 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSixteen new isoxazole tagged indole compounds have been synthesizedviacopper (I) catalyzed click chemistry of the aryl hydroxamoyl chloride and an indole containing alkyne moiety. The chemical structure of the synthesized compounds has been established using various physicochemical techniques. X-ray single crystal analysis of Ethyl 1-((3-phenylisoxazol-5-yl) methyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylate(8a)has been analyzed. All compounds were tested for their antibacterial and anticancer activities. The activities for the new compounds were weak against both bacterial strains and the cancer cell lines.
Influence of Chemical Osmosis on Solute Transport and Fluid Velocity in Clay Soils
Authors: Zhang Zhihong , Tian Gailei , Han Lin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSolute transport through the clay liner is a significant process in many waste landfills or unmanaged landfills. At present, researchers mainly focus on the test study about semi-membrane property of clay material, however, the influence of chemical osmosis caused by membrane effect on solute transport and fluid velocity is insufficient. In this investigation, based on the classical advection-diffusion equation, a one-dimensional solute transport model for low-permeable clay material has been proposed, in which the coupled fluid velocity related with hydraulic gradient and concentration gradient is introduced, and the semi-membrane effect is embodied in the diffusion mechanism. The influence of chemical osmosis on fluid velocity and solute transport has been analyzed using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The simulated results show that chemical osmosis has a significant retarded action on fluid velocity and pollutant transport. The proposed model can effectively reveal the change in process of coupled fluid velocity under dual gradient and solute transport, which can provide a theoretical guidance for similar fluid movement in engineering.
Disintegration, In vitro Dissolution, and Drug Release Kinetics Profiles of k-Carrageenan-based Nutraceutical Hard-shell Capsules Containing Salicylamide
Authors: Pudjiastuti Pratiwi , Wafiroh Siti , Hendradi Esti , Darmokoesoemo Handoko , Harsini Muji , Fauzi M. Al Rizqi Dharma , Nahar Lutfun , Sarker Satyajit D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe release of drugs from solid drug delivery materials has been studied intently in recent years. Quantitative analyses achieved from in vitro dissolution becomes easier if a zero-order mathematical model is used. Non-gelatin nutraceutical hard-shell capsules of zero size (approximately 0.7-0.8 cm) were produced from carrageenan-based natural polymers, namely carrageenan-alginate (CA) and carrageenan-starch (CS). Disintegration, dissolution and zero-order drug release kinetics of hard-shell capsules containing 100 mg of salicylamide were studied. The disintegration time of CA and CS were observed to be less than 30 min for both CA and CS. In vitro dissolution profile showed that the percentage dissolution of CA capsules was better at pH 4.5, while that of CS was poor at pH 1.2, 4.5 and 6.8. Determination of drug release kinetics profiles of carrageenan-based hardshell capsules utilized the Noyes-Whitney and Peppas-Sahlin modification rules for zero-order. The drug release from carrageenan-based capsules followed zero-order kinetics, especially at pH 6.8, and was compared to the Higuchi model. Salicylamide in CA hard-shell capsules at a pH 6.8 had a release rate constant (kH) of 2.91 %(ppm/ ppm) min-1/2, while the release rate constant of CS was 0.36 %(ppm/ppm) min-1.
Assessment of methyl 2-({[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl] sulfamoyl}methyl)benzoate through biotic and abiotic degradation modes
Authors: Gul Mahwash Mahar , Ahmad Khuram Shahzad 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDetoxification and management of environmental contaminants is an exigent issue of current times. Sulfonylurea herbicide, Bensulfuron-methyl was investigated for its degradation demeanour in soils, through biotic and abiotic modes (biodegradation and hydrolysis). Solid-liquid extraction of the herbicide was followed by GC-MS and UV-visible spectrophotometry analysis. The main metabolites observed were pyrimidinamine [149 m/z] and benzylsulfonamide [182 m/z]. The rate of biodegradation achieved by Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum was 95% and 71%, respectively. The maximal decline in Bensulfuron-methyl concentration through hydrolysis was 48%. Furthermore, hydrolytic elimination was also evaluated based on time and pH. Both these parameters had a strong influence on the rate of transformation. Soils with lower pH exhibited an increased rate of degradation while a temperature of 27±2°C gave ideal conditions for herbicide decomposition. Percentage degradation and rate constant (k) followed first order reaction kinetics. Non-inoculated soils displayed less amounts of degradation. Furthermore, relative standard deviations were calculated for the residuals extracted in all soils. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) provided a p value < 0.05 for both strains with R2 closer to 1 signifying the significance of the results. Both fungal strains proved their potential for Bensulfuron-methyl remediation in soils.
Rapid identification of direct-acting pancreatic protectants from Cyclocarya paliurus leaves tea by the method of serum pharmacochemistry combined with target cell extraction
Authors: Chen Wei-hong , Luo Zhen , Ning Zi-Wan , Peng Jiao , Hu Xiao-peng , Zhai Li-xiang , Wen Bo , Xiao Hai-tao , Bian Zhao-xiang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractExtracts of Cyclocarya paliurus (CP) leaves, a popular sweet tea, inhibit pancreatic β cell apoptosis and have potent hypoglycemic effects, but the identities of the anti-apoptotic bioactive components are still unknown. In the present study, a method using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS based on serum pharmacochemistry combined with target cell extraction was established to rapidly identify direct-acting pancreatic protectants from CP. After orally administering a set amount of CP extract to rats, blood samples were collected to characterize the components that can be absorbed into the blood using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Also, target cells (pancreatic β NIT-1 cells) were incubated with CP extract for 24 hours, and cells were collected to identify the components that can bind to the cells using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Finally, to evaluate the protective effect of the bioactive components of CP, MTT and TUNEL assays were performed on treated NIT-1 cell induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Three potential direct-acting pancreatic protectants -- kaempferol, quercetin, quadranoside IV -- were identified, and anti-apoptotic effects of kaempferol and quercetin were confirmed in STZ-induced NIT-1 cells. The findings indicate that this combined approach is a feasible, rapid, and expedient tool for capturing potential direct-acting components from natural products such as those from CP leaves.
The Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme
Authors: Reiersen Lars-Otto , Guardans Ramon , Sydnes Leiv K. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
After World War II, the Cold War generated significant barriers between the East and the West, and this affected all sorts of cooperation, including research and scientific collaboration. However, as the political situation in the Soviet Union started to change in the 1980s under the leadership of Mikael Gorbachev, the environment for international collaboration in many areas gradually improved.
On the fractional deformation of a linearly elastic bar
Authors: Lazopoulos Konstantinos A. , Lazopoulos Anastasios K. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Fractional derivatives have non-local character, although they are not mathematical derivatives, according to differential topology. New fractional derivatives satisfying the requirements of differential topology are proposed, that have non-local character. A new space, the Λ-space corresponding to the initial space is proposed, where the derivatives are local. Transferring the results to the initial space through Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives, the non-local character of the analysis is shown up. Since fractional derivatives have been established, having the mathematical properties of the derivatives, the linearly elastic fractional deformation of an elastic bar is presented. The fractional axial stress along the distributed body force is discussed. Fractional analysis with horizon is also introduced and the deformation of an elastic bar is also presented.
Classification of poplar trees with object-based ensemble learning algorithms using Sentinel-2A imagery
Authors: Tonbul H. , Colkesen I. , Kavzoglu T. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The poplar species in the forest ecosystems are one of the most valuable and beneficial species for the society and environment. Conventional methods require high cost, time and labor need, and the results obtained vary and are insu˚cient in terms of achieved accuracy level. Determination of poplar cultivated fields and mapping of their spatial sites play a vital role for decision-makers and planners to enhance the economic and ecological value of poplar trees. The study aims to map Poplar (P. deltoides) cultivated areas in Akyazi district of Sakarya, Turkey province using various combinations of the Sentinel-2A image bands. For this purpose, object-based classification based on multi-resolution segmentation algorithm was utilized to produce image objects and ensemble learning algorithms, namely, Adaboost (AdaB), Random Forest (RF), Rotation Forest (RotFor) and Canonical correlation forest (CCF) were applied to produce thematic maps. In order to analyze the effects of the spectral bands of the Sentinel-2A image on the object-based classification performance, three datasets consisting of different spectral band combinations (i.e. four 10 m bands, six 20 m bands and ten 10m pan-sharpened bands) were used. The results showed that the RotFor and CCF classifiers produced superior classification performances compared to the AdaB and RF classifiers for the band combinations regarded in this study. Moreover, it was found that determination of poplar tree class level accuracy reached to ~94% in terms of F-score. It was also observed that the inclusion of the six spectral bands at 20 m resolution resulted in a noteworthy increase in classification accuracy (up to 6%) compared to single 10m band combination.