bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Permanent pacemaker implantation for atrioventricular block secondary to acute pancreatitis in a patient affected by panhypopituitarism
Authors: Giovacchini Jacopo , Menale Silvia , Merilli Irene , Scheggi Valentina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Hypopituitarism may trigger the development of acute pancreatitis (AP) through multiple mechanisms. AP may alter normal intracardiac conduction leading to an atrioventricular block. Due to the lack of similar cases, the correct timing and indication for pacemaker implantation in such a setting are unknown.

Case presentation
A 22-year-old woman with a history of sub-total excision of frontal astrocytoma with residual panhypopituitarism in replacement therapy was admitted to the emergency department with AP and peripancreatic necrosis, complicated by hypotension, sinus bradycardia with 2:1 atrioventricular block, and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome deserving intubation and mechanical ventilation. During the in-hospital course, the patient developed a systemic inflammatory response syndrome and acute kidney failure and was treated with intravenous dopamine, diuretics, and liquids. While she gradually recovered, advanced atrioventricular block persisted after the resolution of AP; therefore, a permanent pacemaker was implanted. During the follow-up, appropriate device interventions were detected.

Conclusions
No other cases of high-grade atrioventricular block in panhypopituitarism-induced AP have been reported in the literature. Our case suggests a pacemaker is necessary if the atrioventricular block does not recover with AP resolution. Further evidence is required to improve the management of rhythm disturbances in hypopituitarism patients who develop AP.
Depressive disorder; clinical correlates and tumor necrosis factor alpha among post COVID-19 patients
Authors: Sakr Aya Mohamed Khaled , Okasha Tarek Ahmed , Hamed Marwa Abd El-Meguid , Sayed Maha Mohamed , Mohamed Mariam Yehia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 infection is known to trigger a significant inflammatory response in the body. This response, characterized by elevated levels of cytokines including TNF-α that has proven to play a pivotal role in the severity and long-term effects of the disease. Paucity of the regional studies exploring the interplay between clinical and biochemical markers of post COVID-19 depression; creates a strong motive to shed light on this relationship in depth. Here, we estimated the rate of post-COVID depression, explored the clinical correlates of post-COVID depression, and examined the serum tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF-α).

Methods
A group of 197 patients with post COVID-19 infection were randomly recruited and screened using general health questionnaire (GHQ). Then, SCID-I and Beck depression inventory were applied to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of major depressive disorder (MDD). Serum tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF–α) was measured in depressed and non-depressed post COVID-19 patients.

Results
The rate of post-COVID depression was 27.8%; predominately, mild MDD (47.6%), followed by moderate MDD (38.1%) then, severe MDD (14.3%). There was a statistically significant difference between cases and control group regarding severity of COVID-19 (p = 0.001), number of vaccine doses received (p = 0.043), and TNF-alpha (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between severity of depression and both severity of COVID-19 infection (p = 0.003) and TNF-alpha (p < 0.001). Using regression analysis; TNF-α was the only predictive factor to post-COVID-19 depression (OR = 1.030, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our results suggest a strong link between serum TNF-alpha level and post-COVID depression, highlighting its pivotal role in refining the management outcome.
A proof-of-concept analysis of data from the first NHS clinic for young adults with comorbid cannabis use and psychotic disorders
Authors: Di Forti Marta , Bond Benjamin W. , Spinazzola Edoardo , Trotta Giulia , Lynn Jodie , Malkin Richard , Kamran Siddiqui Naba , Demir Sultan , Opadokun Titilayomi , Leung Perry B.M. , Li Zhikun , Quattrone Andrea , Baxter Gabriella , Appiah-Kusi Elizabeth , Freeman Tom P. , Walsh Hannah , Squeri Tommaso , Semikina Daria , Amberson-Jones Felicity , Austin-Zimmerman Isabelle , Meynen Tim , Quattrone Diego , Murray Robin M. 
Published: December 2024

Background
Cannabis use severely affects the outcome of people with psychotic disorders, yet there is a lack of treatments. To address this, in 2019 the National Health Service (NHS) Cannabis Clinic for Psychosis (CCP) was developed to support adults suffering from psychosis to reduce and/or stop their cannabis use.

Aims
Examine outcome data from the first 46 individuals to complete the CCP's intervention.

Method
The sample (N = 46) consisted of adults (aged ≥ 18) with psychosis under the care of the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, referred to the CCP between January 2020 and February 2023, who completed their intervention by September 2023. Clinical and functional measures were collected before (T0) and after (T1) the CCP intervention (one-to-one sessions and peer group attendance). Primary outcomes were changes in the Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test-Revised (CUDIT-R) score and pattern of cannabis use. Secondary outcomes included T0–T1 changes in measures of delusions, paranoia, depression, anxiety and functioning.

Results
A reduction in the mean CUDIT-R score was observed between T0 (mean difference = 17.10, 95% CI = 15.54–18.67) and T1, with 73.91% of participants achieving abstinence and 26.09% reducing the frequency and potency of their use. Significant improvements in all clinical and functional outcomes were observed, with 90.70% being in work or education at T1 compared with 8.70% at T0. The variance in CUDIT-R scores explained between 34 and 64% of the variance in our secondary measures.

Conclusions
The CCP intervention is a feasible strategy to support cannabis use cessation/reduction and improve clinical and functional outcomes of people with psychotic disorders.
The effect of childhood socioeconomic status on adult self-rated health by age and race
Authors: Dore Emily C. , Haardörfer Regine 
Published: December 2024

Background:
The relationship between childhood socioeconomic status (SES) and adult health is well established. This article examines the less well-known areas of this research: whether the age of childhood exposure matters, if mediators differ based on age, and if these relationships vary by racialised group.

Methods:
We used multi-group path analysis and data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to analyse direct and indirect relationships between a retrospective measure of childhood SES in early, middle and late childhood, and adult self-rated health for non-Hispanic Black and White individuals.

Results:
Childhood SES affected adult health indirectly through each of the three mediators: education, distress and health behaviours, but only for non-Hispanic Whites. In addition, early and middle childhood SES (0–5 and 6–12 years old, respectively) impacted late childhood SES (13–16 years old), suggesting the importance of cumulative exposure. We found no evidence that childhood SES impacted any of the mediators or adult self-rated health for the non-Hispanic Black sample.

Conclusion:
The findings support the assertion that timing of poverty and possibly increased exposure matter for non-Hispanic Whites, but we found no support for the impact of childhood SES on adult self-rated health for the non-Hispanic Black sample. This study shows the importance of stratifying life course analyses by race and particular periods during childhood, suggesting the need for more targeted interventions based on these factors.
Ultrashort pulse generation using tantalum aluminum carbide as a pulse modulator
Authors: Naidu Ruven Rhaj , Ahmad Aeriyn D. , Masruroh  , Ali Hasanain N. A. , Zakaria Rozalina , Khudus Muhammad Imran M. A. , Harun Sulaiman W. 
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the use of tantalum aluminum carbide (Ta2AlC) as a passive pulse modulator for generating ultrafast mode-locked pulses in an erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser cavity. The Ta2AlC modulator was prepared via an embedding method using polyvinyl alcohol as the host matrix, exhibiting a saturable absorption of 6.9% with a saturable intensity of 100MW/cm2. When integrated into a long EDF laser cavity, the modulator enabled the generation of a picosecond soliton pulse train. Operating within a pump range of 95.2 to 210.62 mW, the self-starting mode-locked EDF laser achieved a central wavelength of 1561.7 nm, a repetition rate of 1.866 MHz, and a pulse width of 3.80 ps. These findings demonstrate that Ta2AlC is an effective passive modulator for ultrafast laser generation through mode locking.
Aerosol Typing from Linear estimations for the Analytical Separation (ATLAS) of complex aerosol mixtures and improved identification of microphysical parameters from multiwavelength lidar data, part 2: case studies
Authors: Kolgotin Alexei , Müller Detlef , Goloub Philippe , Hu Qiaoyun , Podvin Thierry , Wang Xuan 
Published: December 2024

We developed a new methodology for the improved identification of particle microphysical parameters (PMPs) from multiwavelength lidar measurements. The underlying problem is underdetermined and relates to the class of ill-posed problems. In this study, we apply our new methodology to lidar measurements. We investigate how results obtained for typical aerosol mixtures (AMs) in the atmosphere can be improved if information about aerosol types and the number of aerosol types in such an AM is available. We have developed a methodology of Aerosol Typing from Linear estimations for the Analytical Separation (ATLAS) of complex aerosol mixtures in the first part of our study. ATLAS allows us to decompose a complex AM into individual aerosol types in terms of optical data measured by lidar. Optical data derived for individual aerosol types are then separately considered and inverted into PMPs with our automated unsupervised data-inversion methodology TiARA (Tikhonov Advanced Regularization Algorithm). We apply our new two-stage (ATLAS–TiARA) synergetic methodology to three lidar-measurement cases corresponding to two-, three-, and four-component AMs. The measurements we use for this study were carried out in the frameworks of the ORACLES-2016 and SHADOW field campaigns and lidar observations at the University of Lille (France), respectively. Results of the new methodology agree with results obtained with data collected by in situ instruments during the ORACLES-2016 campaign. Deviations of number concentration and single-scattering albedo at 532 nm retrieved with the new methodology from respective in situ measurements do not exceed 25% and 0.05, respectively. We find both fine- and coarse-mode particles from all three measurement cases. Fine-mode particles are represented by urban and smoke (haze), whereas coarse-mode particles can be attributed to dust, marine, and pollen aerosols. In summary, the methodology allows us to obtain a more detailed insight into microphysical particle properties.
Deep-learning-enhanced nonlinear holography in 3D nonlinear photonic crystal
Authors: Zhai Bohan , Chen Pengcheng , Zhang Zhichao , Zhang Yong 
Published: December 2024

Nonlinear holography in 3D nonlinear photonic crystals (NPCs) is capable of reconstructing multiple images at newly generated wavelengths, which has attracted increasing interest in optical storage and encryption. However, the storage capacity of nonlinear holography is generally limited by the crosstalk between different channels. In this work, we propose deep-learning-assisted high-capacity nonlinear holography to address this issue. By leveraging the exceptional recognition capability of the ResNet-18 convolutional neural network, the information at multiple channels can be well recognized (i.e., the accuracy reaches 88.1%) in the presence of severe crosstalk (i.e., a bandwidth overlap of 30% between neighboring channels). Importantly, the channel number is doubled in comparison to the previous reports. Our results provide a novel approach to bypass the negative effect of crosstalk for high-security and high-density optical information storage.
Development of a Copro-RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay to detect Echinococcus granulosus nucleic acids isolated from canine feces using NaOH-based DNA extraction method
Authors: Shao Guoqing , Zhu Xiaowei , Hua Ruiqi , Chen Yanxin , Yang Guangyou 
Published: December 2024

Background
Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (E. granulosus s.l.), remains a significant zoonotic parasitic disease affecting both livestock and humans. It arises from the ingestion of food and water contaminated with canine feces containing E. granulosus eggs. The detection of these eggs in canine feces is essential for guiding effective preventative measures against the disease. Therefore, the development of a novel accurate, rapid, and visually interpretable point-of-care test is crucial for controlling CE.

Methods
We combined recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) with a CRISPR-associated protein 12a (Cas12a) system, forming the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay. This assay targeted the E. granulosus mitochondrial nad2 gene and utilized a lateral flow strip for visual readout. To improve field applicability, we integrated a simple and cost-effective NaOH-Based DNA extraction method. Clinical validation included testing DNA extracted from eighteen canine fecal samples, followed by comparison with quantitative PCR (qPCR) and two commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.

Results
The RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay showed a detection limit of 1 fg/μL DNA, without any cross-reactivity with related tapeworms such as Echinococcus multilocularis, Dipylidium caninum, Taenia hydatigera, Taenia multiceps, and Taenia pisiformis. When applied to 62 clinical fecal samples from dogs, the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay demonstrated 68% sensitivity, while the developed RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-NaOH assay exhibited 45% sensitivity. In the field performance comparison of the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a and the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-NaOH assay with qPCR and two ELISA kits, the sensitivity, consistency rate, and Youden’s index suggested good or fair agreement with the currently employed detection methods.

Conclusion
This study describes the development and validation of the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a and RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-NaOH assays for detecting E. granulosus in canine feces. The developed assays surpassed previous detection methods in providing enhanced diagnostic sensitivity and enabling point-of-care testing. Moreover, these assays hold potential for surveilling E. granulosus in low-income countries.
Mental well-being model of Thai older adults: Comparing the aging in place and aging migrant groups
Authors: Tuicomepee Arunya , Wiwattanapantuwong Juthatip , Suttiwan Panrapee , Watakakosol Rewadee , Iamsupasit Sompoch , Phupha Phummaret 
Published: December 2024

Objective
Although aging well and aging in place policies have been encouraged in many countries, a consistent challenge is insufficient evidence on older migrants. This study compared mental well-being models of older adults between aging in place and aging migrant groups. The model included social factors (e.g., social well-being) and personal factors (e.g., cognitive function and psychological distress).

Methods
Participants were 334 Thais (187 aging in place, 147 aging migrants). Their mean age was 69.79 ± 7.28 years old. All met the selection criteria: age 60 years or over, voluntary participation, and ability to visit the community area for study participation. Instruments were The Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS), 21-item Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale, 15-item Social Well-Being Scale, and 5-item WHO Well-being Index. Data were collected in the five regions of Thailand from March 2021 to February 2022. Local psychologists and research assistants assessed and interviewed the participants. Maximum likelihood with the Satorra-Bentler correction was used for parameter estimation.

Results
Both models fit the empirical data. The multi-group model estimation yielded a difference between the models. The factors of the aging in place group that were associated with mental well-being were psychological distress (SE = 0.08, p < .001) and cognitive function (SE = 0.07, p < .001), but not social well-being (SE = 0.09, ns). For the migrant group, psychological distress (SE = 0.12, p < .01) and social well-being (SE = 0.11, p < .001) were significant predictors of mental well-being, but not of cognitive function (SE = 0.12, ns).

Conclusions
By understanding differences in the mental well-being models between the two groups, policy makers and service providers can better address the needs of older adults. Policies and programs should be designed to reduce their psychological distress. Maintaining social connections can be crucial for migrants, while activities such as lifelong learning and physical activities to enhance cognitive function can benefit people who are aging in place.
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Chinese version of the IBD-Control questionnaire: A patient-reported outcome measure in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Guo Bingmei , Li Haihong , Cui Qing , Li Jie , Yu Yanbo , Li Zhen , Wang Junwen 
Published: December 2024

Background
A demand exists for user-friendly patient-reported outcome measures for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The IBD-Control Questionnaire has been recently developed to assess overall disease control from the patient’s view but has not been available in China.

Methods
Translation and cultural adaption of the IBD-Control into Chinese was conducted through four steps (forward translation, backward translation, expert panel, and pilot testing). Afterwards, a prospective validation study was conducted from February 2022 to February 2023. The translated IBD-Control, Short Health Scale, EQ-5D-5L, and disease activity measurements using either the Physician Global Assessment and Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index or the Crohn’s Disease Activity Index were used. Acceptability, test-retest reliability, internal consistency, content validity, convergent validity, structural validity, discriminant ability, and receiver operating characteristic curves were analyzed.

Results
Questionnaires were completed by 150 participants with IBD (31 with Crohn’s disease [CD] and 119 with ulcerative colitis [UC]). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.823 for the IBD-Control-8 scale. The correlations between individual item and total score varied from 0.485 to 0.892 among CD patients and from 0.588 to 0.712 among UC patients. The S-CVI/Ave was 0.98. Convergent validity analyses exhibited moderate to strong correlations between other measurements and IBD-Control-8-subscore (0.555–0.675) or IBD-Control VAS (0.503–0.671). Test-retest analysis showed that the mean scores were 75.23±17.33 versus 72.10±14.99 (r = 0.894, p<0.01) for VAS scores and 12.75±3.49versus 12.80±3.29 for IBD-Control-8 subscore (r = 0.963, p<0.01), respectively. The IBD-Control-8-subscore and IBD-Control-VAS exhibited significant discriminative capability among the PGA categories (ANOVA, p < .001). The ROC analysis revealed an optimal cut-off point for the IBD-Control-8 subscore of 14 points (sensitivity: 70.9%, specificity 83.5%), versus a cut-off of 70 on the IBD-Control VAS score (sensitivity: 84.4%, specificity 69.3%).

Conclusion
The Chinese IBD-Control proves to be a disease-specific, reliable, and valid tool for revealing overall disease control from the patient’s viewpoint. Both healthcare professionals and patients may find it to be a useful patient-reported outcome measurement for triaging IBD patients in China or complementing routine care.
Gut microbiota diversity repeatedly diminishes over time following maintenance infliximab infusions in paediatric IBD patients
Authors: Carlsen Katrine , Thingholm Louise B. , Dempfle Astrid , Malham Mikkel , Bang Corinna , Franke Andre , Wewer Vibeke 
Published: December 2024

Background
The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Understanding the dynamics of the gut microbiome in relation to treatment can provide valuable insights into disease management and therapy strategies. The aim of this study is to investigate if diversity and composition of the gut microbiome correlate with time since treatment and disease activity during maintenance infliximab (IFX) therapy among children with IBD.

Methods
Data was collected from IBD patients aged 10–17 participating in an IFX-eHealth study. IFX infusions were administered in 4–12-week intervals based on weekly faecal calprotectin (FC) combined with symptom scores. Excess stool samples underwent microbiome profiling using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Microbiome features, including alpha diversity and single taxa, were analysed for three key variables: 1) weeks-since-treatment, 2) FC, and 3) symptom score.

Results
From 25 patients (median age 14.4 years) diagnosed with Crohn´s Disease (n = 16) or ulcerative colitis (n = 9), microbiota were analysed in 671 faecal samples collected across 15 treatment intervals.
A significant decrease over time in Shannon diversity, following the initial increase within four weeks of treatment, was found across patients. FC levels showed no association with alpha diversity (p>0.1), while symptom scores showed a negative association with Shannon and observed diversity in patients with UC. At the genus level, a lower abundance of the genera Anaerostipes and Fusicatenibacter (Firmicutes), and a greater abundance of the genus Parasutterella (Proteobacteria), were associated (p.adj<0.05) with the time elapsed since last infusion in UC specifically, while only Parasutterella was associated across the full cohort (p.adj = 1e-10).

Conclusions
We found a recurring reduction over time in alpha diversity following the initial increase in diversity after an IFX infusion. Changes in an individual’s microbiome may be an early sign of increasing disease activity that precedes clinical symptoms and increased FC.