bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifestyle choices of Brazilian college students
Authors: Martins Bianca G. , Marôco João , Barros Mauro V.G. , Campos Juliana A.D.B. 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundLifestyle choices reflect the beliefs that individuals attribute to aspects of life. This construct can be assessed with the Individual Lifestyle Profile (PEVI) questionnaire, which measures elements of Nutrition, Physical Activity, Preventive Behaviors, Social Relationships and Stress Management.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to estimate the psychometric properties of the PEVI applied to a sample of Brazilian university students, identifying the prevalence of each lifestyle component according to participants’ age, sex, weight status, course area/field and economic stratum and to estimate the contribution of these characteristics on physical and psychological lifestyle.MethodsThe PEVI data was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis, using the indexes chi-square per degrees of freedom ratio (χ2/df), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA). First-order and second-order models (physical and psychological lifestyle) were tested. Prevalences of lifestyle components were calculated and compared by participants’ age, sex, weight status, course area/field and economic stratum. A hypothetical causal structural model was elaborated to investigate the impact of sample characteristics on physical and psychological lifestyles. This model was evaluated considering the global fit to the data (χ2/df, CFI, TLI and RMSEA) and the hypothetical causal trajectories (β) (α = 5%).ResultsA sample of 1,303 students was used. The mean age was 20.9 (standard deviation = 2.8) years, 66.8% of participants were females, 63.4% had weights in the normal range and 73.7% were students of the social and exact sciences. The PEVI data showed an adequate fit for both the first- (χ2/df = 2.03, CFI = 0.98; TLI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.04) and second-order (χ2/df = 2.25; CFI = 0.97; TLI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.04) models. There was a higher prevalence of unfavorable physical and psychological lifestyle choices among females, among underweight and obese individuals, in older students and in those with lower economic strata. Moreover, negative behaviors in physical lifestyle were more prevalent in students from human/social/exact sciences and worse psychological lifestyle was observed among health sciences students. These results were confirmed by a structural model.ConclusionThe PEVI data presented validity and reliability. Negative lifestyle choices had high prevalence among students. Moreover, individual characteristics had different impact on physical and psychological lifestyle choices.
Effect of Sodium Substitution on Sensory and Quality Parameters in Mango Pickle
Authors: Mani Arghya , Paul Prodyut Kumar 
Published: October 2020

Aims: An intensive study was conducted so as to find out the best salt combinations when NaCl was partially replaced with KCl and CaCl2 while curing mango pieces. Mango pickle contains 15-20% salt, the consumption of which cause hypertension and high blood pressure. This is due to excess sodium ion (Na+) consumption.
Study Design: D-Optimal Quadratic Mixture Design using Response Surface Methodology was adopted with 3 mixture components to get 16 mixture combinations of salts.
Methodology: 16 runs were formulated depicting diverse salt mixtures and pickle samples were cured using these 16 different brine formulations. After pickling, the final sample were analyzed for water drawing capacity (g/100g salt), hardness of cured sample (N), water activity (aw), sodium and potassium concentration in pickle (in ppm) and organoleptic properties based on hedonic scale.
Results: The result shows that water drawing capacity was maximum (102.692) in the 6th run and minimum (58.364) in 2nd run. Hardness of cured sample (in N) was maximum (8.470) in11th run and minimum (6.998) in 9th run. Water activity was maximum in 9th run (0.974) and minimum (0.968) in the 2nd run. Na concentration in pickle (ppm) was highest in the 14th run (408.715) and lowest in 2nd run (68.715). K concentration in final pickle (ppm) was maximum in 6th run (472.222) and minimum in 9th run (28.744). Organoleptic properties based on hedonic scale was evaluated, it was found that run number 14 and 12 have maximum score of 7.429 and 7.393 respectively whereas Run-1 and Run-2 showed minimum score of 6.552 and 6.616 respectively.
Conclusion: Numerical optimization revealed that formulation with 0.5 fractions NaCl and 0.5 fractions KCl is having the maximum desirability of 0.658. Another formulation with NaCl 57.1% and KCl with 42.9% is having a desirability of 0.64. This formulation can also be adopted for the purpose of commercialization.
Association of Quadriceps Strength Symmetry and Surgical Status With Clinical Osteoarthritis Five Years After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture
Authors: Arhos Elanna K. , Thoma Louise M. , Grindem Hege , Logerstedt David , Risberg May Arna , Snyder‐Mackler Lynn 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the association of quadriceps strength symmetry and surgical status (anterior cruciate ligament [ACL] reconstruction or nonoperative management) with early clinical knee osteoarthritis (OA) 5 years after ACL injury or reconstruction.MethodsIn total, 204 of 300 athletes were analyzed 5 years after ACL injury or reconstruction. Quadriceps strength was measured and reported as a limb symmetry index. We identified participants with early clinical knee OA using the criteria that 2 of 4 Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscales score ≤85%. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using logistic regression and adjusted for age, sex, meniscal injury, and body mass index to examine the associations of quadriceps strength and surgical status with clinical knee OA.ResultsIn all, 21% of participants met the KOOS criteria for clinical knee OA. For every 1% increase in quadriceps limb symmetry index, there was a 4% lower odds of clinical OA (adjusted OR [ORadj] 0.96 [95% CI 0.93–0.99]) at 5 years. Surgical status was not associated with clinical knee OA (ORadj 0.58 [95% CI 0.23–1.50]).ConclusionMore symmetric quadriceps strength, but not surgical status, 5 years after ACL injury or reconstruction was associated with lower odds of clinical knee OA.
Immobilization of CO2 at Room Temperature Using the Specific Sub‐NM Space of 1D Uneven‐Structured C60 Polymer Film
Authors: Nakaya Masato , Kitagawa Yasutaka , Watanabe Shinta , Teramoto Rena , Era Iori , Nakano Masayoshi , Onoe Jun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractImmobilization and reuse of CO2 are urgent tasks for sustaining the global environment. Here it is demonstrated that CO2 can be immobilized by reaction with H2O at room temperature (RT) in the specific sub‐nm space of 1D uneven‐structured C60 polymer (1D polymer) film, even though the reaction does not occur at RT in the gas phase (activation energy: 2 eV). First‐principles calculations reveal that the CO2 molecule is stacked as a bridge between the concave portions of adjacent 1D polymer frameworks via locally induced Coulomb interactions. Such induced charge polarization activates CO2 both by weakening its double‐bonds and by lowering its lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy due to the bending motion. In addition, the flexible π orbitals of the 1D polymer provide the optimal Coulomb field to stabilize the transition state of the CO2 + H2O reaction remarkably. These factors work together to make the reaction possible at RT.
Phylogenetic analysis of fossil flowers using an angiosperm‐wide data set: proof‐of‐concept and challenges ahead
Authors: Schönenberger Jürg , von Balthazar Maria , López Martínez Andrea , Albert Béatrice , Prieu Charlotte , Magallón Susana , Sauquet Hervé 
Published: October 2020

PremiseSignificant paleobotanical discoveries in recent decades have considerably improved our understanding of the early evolution of angiosperms and their flowers. However, our ability to test the systematic placement of fossil flowers on the basis of phylogenetic analyses has remained limited, mainly due to the lack of an adequate, angiosperm‐wide morphological data set for extant taxa. Earlier attempts to place fossil flowers phylogenetically were, therefore, forced to make prior qualitative assessments of the potential systematic position of fossils and to restrict phylogenetic analyses to selected angiosperm subgroups.MethodsWe conduct angiosperm‐wide molecular backbone analyses of 10 fossil flower taxa selected from the Cretaceous record. Our analyses make use of a floral trait data set built within the framework of the eFLOWER initiative. We provide an updated version of this data set containing data for 28 floral and two pollen traits for 792 extant species representing 372 angiosperm families.ResultsWe find that some fossils are placed congruently with earlier hypotheses while others are found in positions that had not been suggested previously. A few take up equivocal positions, including the stem branches of large clades.ConclusionsOur study provides an objective approach to test for the phylogenetic position of fossil flowers across angiosperms. Such analyses may provide a complementary tool for paleobotanical studies, allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of fossil phylogenetic relationships in angiosperms. Ongoing work focused on extending the sampling of extant taxa and the number of floral traits will further improve the applicability and accuracy of our approach.
Nocturnal peripheral vasoconstriction predicts the frequency of severe acute pain episodes in children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Chalacheva Patjanaporn , Ji Yunhua , Rosen Carol L. , DeBaun Michael R. , Khoo Michael C. K. , Coates Thomas D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe basic model of SCD physiology states that vaso‐occlusion occurs when hemoglobin S‐containing red blood cells (RBC) undergo sickling before they escape the capillary into a larger vessel. We have shown that mental stress, pain and cold, and events reported by patients to trigger SCD vaso‐occlusive crisis (VOC), cause rapid and significant decrease in blood flow, reducing the likelihood that RBC could transit the microvasculature before sickling occurs. However, the critical link between decrease in microvascular blood flow and the incidence of future sickle VOC has never been established experimentally in humans. Using data from centrally adjudicated, overnight polysomnograms (PSG), previously collected in a prospective multi‐center cohort sleep study, we analyzed the beat‐to‐beat amplitudes of vasoconstriction reported by the fingertip photoplethysmogram in 212 children and adolescents with SCD and developed an algorithm that detects vasoconstriction events and quantifies the magnitude (Mvasoc), duration, and frequency of vasoconstriction that reflect the individual's inherent peripheral vasoreactivity. The propensity to vasoconstrict, quantified by median Mvasoc, predicted the incidence rate of post‐PSG severe acute vaso‐occlusive pain events (P = .006) after accounting for age and hemoglobin. Indices of sleep‐disordered breathing contributed to median Mvasoc but did not predict future pain rate. Median Mvasoc was not associated with vaso‐occlusive pain events that occurred prior to each PSG. These results show that SCD individuals with high inherent propensity to vasoconstrict have more frequent severe acute pain events. Our empirical findings are consistent with the fundamental SCD hypothesis that decreased microvascular flow promotes microvascular occlusion.
A simplified force model for mixed traffic simulation
Authors: Han Yi , Chao Qianwen , Jin Xiaogang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe present a simplified force‐based heterogeneous traffic simulation model to facilitate consistent adjustment of the parameters involved. Different from previous work which requires the adjustment of multiple ad hoc parameters to produce satisfactory results, our approach can achieve similar results by using clear and meaningful parameters to simulate interactions between various kinds of road users. To simulate diverse and realistic motions of road users, we parameterize the coefficients of the force model for better detailed motion control. Our approach is also scalable to new types of road users, and facilitates an object‐oriented implementation with high performance. We validate our framework with extensive experiments.
Electronic Fine‐tuning of Ruthenium(II) Transfer Hydrogenation Catalysts with Ethanol as the Hydrogen Source
Authors: Weingart Pascal , Sun Yu , Thiel Werner R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA series of ruthenium(II) complexes bearing tridentate N,N’‐diallyl‐2,6‐di(5‐butylpyrazol‐3‐yl)pyridine ligands was synthesized and characterized. Introduction of substituents in the 4‐position of the pyrazole rings tune the electron density at the ruthenium center, which was proved by correlation of the 31P NMR chemical shifts with the σp parameters of the Hammett equation. The structural elucidation of a phosphine‐free ruthenium(II) complex proves that one of the allyl side‐chains undergoes chelating coordination to the ruthenium site to realize a 18 VE center. This compound is the starting point for complexes of the type (N,N,N)Ru(L)(Cl)2 bearing ligands L other than triphenylphosphine. The ruthenium(II) complexes were investigated for their activity in the transfer hydrogenation with ethanol as the hydrogen source. Here the logarithms of the measured turn‐over frequencies (TOF) correlate with the σp parameters of the Hammett equation in terms of a linear free‐energy relationship.
Advances on the Use of Graphene as a Label for Electrochemical Biosensors
Authors: Bonanni Alessandra 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is Alessandra Bonanni from Nanyang Technological University (Singapore). The cover picture shows an artistic vision of nano‐graphene oxide used as a label for biosensing. Read the full text of the Minireview at 10.1002/celc.202000521.
Gramicidin‐S‐Inspired Cyclopeptidomimetics as Potent Membrane‐Active Bactericidal Agents with Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Hu Chengfei , Wen Quan , Huang Shuhui , Xie Saisai , Fang Yuanying , Jin Yi , Campagne Rémy , Alezra Valérie , Miclet Emeric , Zhu Jinhua , Wan Yang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising antibacterial agents often hindered by their undesired hemolytic activity. Inspired by gramicidin S (GS), a well‐known cyclodecapeptide, we synthesized a panel of antibacterial cyclopeptidomimetics using β,γ‐diamino acids (β,γ‐DiAAs). We observed that peptidomimetic CP‐2 displays a bactericidal activity similar to that of GS while possessing lower side‐effects. Moreover, extensive studies revealed that CP‐2 likely kills bacteria through membrane disruption. Altogether, CP‐2 is a promising membrane‐active antibiotic with therapeutic potential.
Tricepyridinium‐inspired QACs yield potent antimicrobials and provide insight into QAC resistance
Authors: Garrison Michelle A. , Mahoney Andrew R. , Wuest William M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractQuaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) comprise a large class of surfactants, consumer products, and disinfectants. The recently‐isolated QAC natural product tricepyridinium bromide displays potent inhibitory activity against S. aureus but due to its unique structure, its mechanism of action remains unclear. A concise synthetic route to access tricepyridinium analogs was thus designed and four N‐alkyl compounds were generated in addition to the natural product. Biological analysis of these compounds revealed that they display remarkable selectivity towards clinically‐relevant Gram‐positive bacteria exceeding that of commercially‐available QACs such as cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and benzalkonium chloride (BAC) while having little to no hemolytic activity. Molecular modeling studies revealed that tricepyridinium and shorter‐chain N‐alkyl analogs may preferentially bind to the QacR transcription factor leading to potential activation of the QAC resistance pathway found in MRSA; however, our newly synthesized analogs are able to overcome this liability.
Mechanism toward Turn‐on of Polysaccharide‐Porphyrin Complexes for Fluorescence Probes and Photosensitizers in Photodynamic Therapy in Living Cells
Authors: Hino Shodai , Funada Rikushi , Sugikawa Kouta , Kawasaki Riku , Koumoto Kazuya , Suzuki Toshio , Nagasaki Takeshi , Ikeda Atsushi 
Published: October 2020

Abstractβ‐(1,3‐1,6)‐D‐Glucan, λ‐carrageenan, tamarind gum, and pullulan can dissolve various porphyrin derivatives via the formation of complexes in water using a high‐speed vibration milling method. The aqueous solutions of the resulting complexes exhibit long‐term stability. Despite the adverse effects of the self‐quenching process, notable fluorescence and improved photodynamic activity of the polysaccharide‐complexed porphyrin derivatives were observed in the presence of liposomes, micelles, cyclodextrins, and HeLa cells. It was noted that the type of porphyrins was more important than the type of polysaccharides present in the complex. Porphyrin self‐aggregates were monodispersed in the lipid membranes of the liposomes and lysosomes. The polysaccharide‐complexed porphyrin derivatives showed increased photodynamic activity toward HeLa cells under photoirradiation between 610 and 740 nm.
Reproductive compatibility among populations and host‐associated lineages of the common bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.)
Authors: DeVries Zachary C. , Santangelo Richard G. , Booth Warren , Lawrence Christopher G. , Balvín Ondřej , Bartonička Tomáš , Schal Coby 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAs populations differentiate across geographic or host‐association barriers, interpopulation fertility is often a measure of the extent of incipient speciation. The bed bug, Cimex lectularius L., was recently found to form two host‐associated lineages within Europe: one found with humans (human‐associated, HA) and the other found with bats (bat‐associated, BA). No unequivocal evidence of contemporary gene flow between these lineages has been found; however, it is unclear whether this is due to an inability to produce viable “hybrid” offspring. To address this question and determine the extent of compatibility between host‐associated lineages, we set up mating crosses among populations of bed bugs based on both their host association (human—HA vs. bat—BA) and geographic origin (North America vs. Europe). Within‐population fecundity was significantly higher for all HA populations (>1.7 eggs/day) than for BA populations (<1 egg/day). However, all within‐population crosses, regardless of host association, had >92% egg hatch rates. Contrary to previous reports, in all interlineage crosses, successful matings occurred, fertile eggs were oviposited, and the F1 “hybrid” generation was found to be reproductively viable. In addition, we evaluated interpopulation genetic variation in Wolbachia among host‐associated lineages. We did not find any clear patterns related to host association, nor did we observe a homogenization of Wolbachia lineages across populations that might explain a breakdown of reproductive incompatibility. These results indicate that while the HA and BA populations of C. lectularius represent genetically differentiated host‐associated lineages, possibly undergoing sympatric speciation, this is in its incipient stage as they remain reproductively compatible. Other behavioral, physiological, and/or ecological factors likely maintain host‐associated differentiation.
Thai Tea Seed Oil and Virgin Olive Oil Similarly Reduce Plasma Lipids: A Pilot Study within a Healthy Adult Male Population
Authors: Suealek Nuchanart , Tharavanij Thipaporn , Hackman Robert M. , Keen Carl L. , Holt Roberta R. , Burawat Benjapun , Chaikan Ammara , Tiengtip Rattana , Rojpibulstit Panadda 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe potential cardiovascular benefit of virgin olive oil (VOO) is widely recognized. However, the use of VOO at very high cooking temperatures makes these oils poorly suited for many Asian dishes. The use of tea seed oil (TSO) is increasing in Thailand, with TSO having a higher smoke point than VOO. The current study examines the effects of daily TSO intake in healthy adults. In a randomized, single‐blind crossover design, 12 men consumed for 3 weeks 40 g day−1 of food prepared with either TSO or VOO as a cooking oil. Plasma lipids, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and oxidant defense enzyme activities are measured before and after each 3‐week intervention period. Gas chromatography analysis of TSO and VOO demonstrates that both oils are equally high in monounsaturated fatty acid. The dietary incorporation of TSO and VOO for three weeks reduces low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) concentrations by 15% and 13%, respectively; with total cholesterol (TC) levels lowered by 10% in both groups. No significant changes in TBARS or antioxidant enzyme activity is observed. These results support the concept that Thai TSO can be utilized as a suitable and healthy alternative oil for high‐temperature cooking in many Thai and Asian diets.Practical Applications: Tea seed oil from Camellia oleifera grown in Thailand has been recently reported to favorably lower lipid profiles in hamsters fed a high‐fat diet in a manner similar to feeding refined olive oil or grapeseed oil. A pilot crossover trial is conducted to compare the effects of three weeks of daily intake of either TSO or VOO in healthy human adults. Consumption of both oils produced significant reductions in TC and LDL‐C. Thai TSO leads to favorable lipid profiles and is a reasonable choice for many Thai and Asian food recipes.
150 years reliable railway tunnels – Extending the hybrid method for the long‐term safety assessment
Authors: Hellmich Christian , Pichler Bernhard , Heissenberger Roman , Moritz Bernd 
Published: October 2020

AbstractQuantification of the level of loading of shotcrete supports from measured displacements of NATM‐driven tunnels is common practice in Austria. At construction sites of the Austrian Federal Railways (OeBB), a hybrid method developed at the TU Wien (Vienna University of Technology) has been successfully applied over the last 15 years. Because OeBB tunnels are designed for a lifetime of 150 years, the long‐term reliability of the support structures is of paramount interest. This provides the motivation for the development of hybrid methods applicable during the entire service life of tunnels, including also inner linings and segmental linings. The required extensions are intended to be carried out within a research program. The paper describes the state‐of‐the‐art and projected future developments.
Further development of condition assessment and structure management of DB Netz AG, by example of tunnels and culverts
Authors: Condic‐Marinovic Tomislav , Thiessen Andrea 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of this project is to achieve a uniform and comparable method for the technical assessment of the state of structures throughout Germany (for bridges, tunnels, culverts; in general, for underground and support structures). By clustering defects, damage and measures according to their relevance to the technical condition of the structures, it is possible to make a more precise analysis and compare the repair and investment requirements for the system. This makes it easier for DB Netz AG to prioritize work and allocate the necessary resources. For the end user, the new process management and the support for damage assessment provided by the newly introduced damage catalogue, including pictures of the damage, is an essential part of uniform comparability and also ensures the transfer of know‐how necessary for the actual work to be done. The article provides an insight into the progress with the project to date, the current state of the work and an outlook for the introduction of the new procedures for tunnels and culverts.