bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of Multidrug-resistant Bacteria Isolated from Hospitalized Patients in a Regional Central Hospital in China
Authors: Zhang Jixun , Li Rui , Liu Zhenzhong , Wang Chao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Considering the dynamic changes of MDR, we did an up-to-date study and analyzed the impact of MDR on the outcome of patients. Design: Collected MDR isolated from hospitalized patients between June 2018 and May 2020 and performed retrospective analysis. Setting: This study was conducted in a public regional central hospital in China.Patients: 1156 patients with MDR infections.Results: Total 1291 MDRS were isolated, intensive care unit (ICU) accounted for 32.3% as the most. The main samples were sputum (75.1%) and 89.6% MDR were Gram-negative. The most common MDR were Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ESBL-producing E. coli. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and ESBL-producing K.pneumoniae. 35.6% were nosocomial infections and 64.4% were community-acquired infections. There was a statistically significant difference in mortality between patients infected with MDR and those with non-MDR (7.4% [32/432] vs 2.6% [17/655]; P = 0.001). The Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae were mainly sensitive to tigecycline. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa was mainly sensitive to amikacin and levofloxacin. More than 80% of the Escherichia coli were sensitive to tigecycline and carbapenems. More than 90% of MRSA were sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, and quinoprptin / daptoptin.Conclusions: The MDRS are mainly gram-negative bacteria. ICU contributes most MDR and pulmonary infection is the main origin of MDR. MDR infection is an independent risk factor for death. ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, especially carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae, should be paid more attention. This study is helpful to understand the distribution of MDR in hospital and the extent of antibiotic resistance.
Association Between Blood Gas Within 1week of Life and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants With Less Than 32 Gestational Weeks
Authors: Han Xiaoya , Miao Xiaolin , Guo Limin , Li Na , Zhang Cun , Cui Shudong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: This study tested wether preterm infants of ＜32 gestational weeks (GWs) with a blood gas derangement within 7days of life are at increased risk for moderate and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Method: 236 preterm infants with ＜32 GWs from January of 2017 to December of 2019 were included in this study. First, univariate analysing determined wether there existed associations between BPD (moderate and severe) and blood gas values, clinical characteristics, interventions, daily given liquid and eneregy within 7days of life. Then multivarariate regession analysis was performed to know wether there were relationships between BPD (moderate and severe) and risk factors between which and BPD (moderate and severe) univariate analysing showed that P value was less than 0.1. Results: From univariate analysing, we found that PaO2, PaCO2 and HCO3 in 7th day of life, cesarean section (OR=0.508, 95%CI:0.275-0.94), getational age (GA, OR=0.163, 95%CI:0.077-0.344), birth weight (BW, OR=0.122, 95%CI:0.054-0.273), PDA (OR=2.839, 95%CI:1.1463-5.508), early onset infection (OR=3.00, 95%CI:1.483-6.069), and mechanical ventilation (MV, OR=4.562, 95%CI:2.405-8.653) were significantly associated with moderate and severe BPD. Because there existed close relationship between GA and BW (R=0.642, P=0.000) and BW dispersion was big in this group, we excluded BW in multivariate analysing. From multivariate analysing, besides GA (Exp (B)=0.176, 95%CI:0.08-0.389) , MV (Exp (B)=3.515, 95%CI:1.746-7.076), PaO2 (Exp (B)=0.468, 95%CI:0.226-0.969) in 7th day of life was the independent risk factor for moderate and severe BPD in the preterm infants of ＜32 GWs.Conclusion: Preterm infants of ＜32GWs with blood gas derangements within 7days of life could be at risk of moderate and severe BPD.
Health-related benefits and adverse events associated with yoga classes among subjects that are healthy, in poor health, or with chronic diseases.
Authors: Oka Takakazu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Our previous study demonstrated that 42% of yoga class participants in Japan had chronic diseases that required medication. This raises the question as to whether those with chronic diseases could benefit from practicing yoga or if they are at higher risk for specific adverse events compared to healthy individuals receiving the same instruction. Methods: To address these questions, 328 adults who started practicing yoga for the first time were asked to complete the Profile of Mood States (POMS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 8, standard version (SF-8TM) and to record any adverse events on the first day of the yoga class and again three months later. The participants consisted of three groups: a healthy (H) group (n=70), a poor health (PH) group (n=117), and a chronic disease (CD) group (n=141). The severity of subjective symptoms was also compared between the pre- and post-intervention period in the PH and CD groups.Results: Typically, yoga classes were held once a week for 60-90 min. The programs included asanas, pranayamas, meditation, isometric yoga and sukshma vyayama. In the PH and CD groups, the POMS tension-anxiety and fatigue scores decreased and the vigor score increased significantly after the first class. Furthermore, PSS scores decreased and the SF-8TM scores increased significantly three months later. The severity of subjective symptoms such as easy fatigability, shoulder stiffness, and insomnia also decreased over three months. Individuals in these groups experienced more frequent adverse events than those in the H group. The PH and CD groups also experienced a greater variety of symptoms, including psychological ones, not reported by the H group. Adverse events were not so serious that subjects stopped practicing yoga during the class. About 60% of all participants were highly satisfied with participating in yoga classes.Conclusions: If yoga classes are conducted with attention to possible adverse events, yoga practice in a studio may have beneficial effects for people with functional somatic symptoms and chronic diseases, as well as healthy subjects. These benefits include reductions in perceived stress and uncomfortable symptoms as well as improved mood and quality of life.
Effect of Youthful Blood Environment and Its Key Factor SCF on Renal Interstitial Fibrosis in Elderly Mice
Authors: Huang Qi , Liu Dong , Cui Shaoyuan , Yin Zhong , Huang Zan , Zhang Yinping , Cai Guangyan , Chen Xiangmei , Sun Xuefeng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: youthful blood environment was shown to decelerate the aging process of kidney and to attenuate senile renal fibrosis in a young-old parabiotic animal model; in addition, we identified a stem cell factor (SCF) that is closely linked with the process. To further investigate the effect of youthful blood environment on renal interstitial fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms, we bred SCF receptor c-Kit gene loss-of-function Wps/Wps mice and established a combination mice model that was subjected to unilateral ureteral obstructive (UUO) and parabiotic surgeries.Methods: Parabiotic mice were divided into isochronic parabiotic (young-young, Y-IP and old-old, O-IP) and heterochronic parabiotic (young-old, HP) groups. UUO surgery was performed in one of the parabiotic pairs in the IP group (Y-IPuuo and O-IPuuo) and in the elderly mice in the HP group (O-HPuuo). In order to study the role of SCF/c-kit on renal interstitial fibrosis, UUO surgery was performed in wildtype (WT) and Wps/Wps mice. Results: Fourteen days after UUO surgery, the kidney interstitial fibrosis area, kidney function, and the expressions of SCF/c-Kit, pNF-κB, and fibrosis-related proteins in the O-HPuuo group were significantly lower than those in the Ouuo and O-IPuuo groups. Compared with wildtype UUO mice, the expressions of pNF-κB and fibrosis-related proteins, kidney interstitial fibrosis area, and the kidney function were all significantly decreased in Wps/Wps UUO mice.Conclusions: Youthful blood environment downregulated the expressions of SCF/c-Kit in elderly UUO mice, and ameliorated UUO-induced kidney fibrosis and function loss, which may be mediated via the NF-κB pathway.
Effectiveness of Elbasvir and Grazoprevir Combination and 1-year Follow-up Hepatic Function for HCV Genotype 1b Infection: Results From a Chinese Real-world Cohort.
Authors: Liang Jing , Zhang Yaping , Liu Fang , Xia Huan , Lv Hongmin , Xiang Huiling , Yang Yankai , Li Yan , Li Tinghong , Liu Lei , Lu Chengzhen , Wang Fengmei , Han Tao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) has entered the interferon-free era since the approval of all-oral direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy in China. Twelve weeks of Elbasvir and Grazoprevir (EBR/GZR) has been demonstrated to be highly effective and well tolerated in phase III registration trials in Asia. However, real-world data on this regimen are lacking in mainland China. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of EBR/GZR and hepatic function during 1-year follow-up in real-world clinical practice with genotype 1b HCV infection.Methods: A prospective, multicenter, non-interventional cohort study was conducted in Tianjin Third Central Hospital and Tianjin Second People's Hospital of China. All patients diagnosed with HCV-1b infection and treated with EBR/GZR for 12 weeks were included. The sustained virological response (SVR) rate obtained 12 weeks posttreatment (SVR12) and week 48 posttreatment (SVR48), the liver function and safety were also evaluated in patients who received EBR/GZR.Results: A total of 251 patients were enrolled, 215 of whom completed the 12-week treatment and 107 completed the 48-week follow-up after treatment. 47 patients (21.9%) had compensatory cirrhosis. The overall rates at the end of treatment (EOT), SVR12 and SVR48 were 100%, 99.5% and 99.1%, respectively. Two cirrhosis patients relapsed at 12 weeks and 48 weeks posttreatment respectively. At 48 weeks posttreatment, the normalization rate of ALT and AST were increased significantly than that of baseline (97.2% and 95.3% vs 59.5% and 61.4%, P<0.01). The incidence of any adverse reactions was 18.1%, while most reactions were mild in severity. Conclusion: In a real-world cohort, treatment with EBR/GZR in Chinese patients with genotype 1b HCV infection appears to be well tolerated and achieves high SVR12 and SVR48 rates.Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR1900023747. Registered 10 June 2019, Retrospectively registered. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=39926
Evaluation of the combination of Rapid Diagnostic Tests and microscopy for imported malaria surveillance in Anhui province, China
Authors: Li Weidong , Zhang Xinzhou , Feng Jun , Zhang Tao , Xu Xian , Jiang Jingjing , Wang Shuqi , Lyu Xiaofeng , Li Shizhu , Lu Manman 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

In the Anhui province, China, efforts to halt local malaria transmission were successful, with no endemic cases reported since 2014. Contrastingly, imported malaria cases are still being reported, indicating a disease reintroduction risk after years of eradication. To avoid this reintroduction, rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) were combined with microscopy methods to strengthen malaria surveillance. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of this surveillance strategy in a field setting.
Methods

We conducted a retrospective study using malaria surveillance data from January 2016 to June 2020. Epidemiological characteristics and diagnostic information were analysed using descriptive and comparative statistics. The diagnostic performance of the combined toolbox (RDTs plus microscopy) was evaluated based on its sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and Cohen’s kappa coefficient.
Results

The combined toolbox displayed a higher overall sensitivity for malaria cases than that of microscopy alone (93.74% vs 89.37%; χ2 = 6.09; p = 0.14). In contrast to its high sensitivity, the combined toolbox had a specificity of 69.66%. The species identification rates of the combined toolbox for P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae were 83.15%, 65.00%, 42.11%, and 40.00%, respectively.
Conclusions

The combination of microscopy and RDTs is an effective strategy for malaria surveillance, possibly detecting more P. falciparum infections than microscopy alone. However, the specificity and ability to identify species of the combined toolbox were not optimal. Thus, monitoring malaria cases in non-endemic areas may require employing more than one diagnostic tool in surveillance strategies. Moreover, further understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of different detection methods is necessary for applying optimum combinations in the field setting.
Middle and long-term outcomes of non-ring tricuspid annuloplasty in patients with mitral valve replacement
Authors: Qian Yongjun , Yuan Dou , Chen Liping , Li Tao , Ling Yunfei , Xiao Xijun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective

To evaluate the middle-period and long-term outcomes of one-stage non-ring TVP in patients with MVR.
Methods

427 patients who received one-stage mechanical MVR and non-ring TVP from January 2005 to January 2009 at Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of West China Hospital; After screening, 400 patients were finally recruited, who reexamined by UCG 10 years after surgery.and recorded UCG data.
Results

The patients were followed up for 10 years after surgery. Compared with the situation before surgery,RV(mm):21.47 ± 3.14 vs.22.37 ± 3.28,TAEDD(mm):32.18 ± 4.94 vs.35.88 ± 4.07 and TESD(mm):25.90 ± 4.90 vs.28.12 ± 4.12 decreased significantly at 5 years after surgery (P < 0.05). However, RA(mm):49.35 ± 13.05 vs. 50.69 ± 12.90 did not change significantly (P > 0.05). LVEF (%): 61.54 ± 8.23 vs. 57.38 ± 8.87 also increased significantly after surgery (P < 0.05). Compared with the preoperative situation, at 10 years after surgery, RA(mm) was 56.90 ± 12.90, RV (mm) 23.12 ± 4.58, TESD (mm) 28.80 ± 5.14 and LVEF (%) 59.81 ± 8.95, all of which increased significantly (P < 0.05); however, TEDD (mm) was 35.41 ± 5.11, which did not change significantly (P > 0.05). Compared with preoperative situation, the ratios of severity of TR at 5 and 10 years after surgery improved significantly (P < 0.05).
Conclusion

It is reasonable to use the tricuspid annular diameter in patients with mitral valve disease as an indication for one-stage TVP. The one-stage non-ring TVP is conducive to preventing aggravation of TR, so as to achieve a better long-term outcome. Besides, oral diuretics are recommended to treat TR after surgery for such patients.
COVID-19 – Protocol for Observational Studies Utilising Near Real-Time Electronic Australian General Practice Data to Promote Effective Care and Best-Practice Policy – A Design Thinking Approach
Authors: Georgiou Andrew , Li Julie , Pearce Christopher , McLeod Adam , Wabe Nasir , Hardie Rae-Anne , Franco Guilherme Saffi , Imai Chisato , Sezgin Gorkem , Thomas Judith , Dai Zhaoli , Sheikh Muhammad Kashif , Proposch Amanda , Weeding Stephen , Wickham Brendon , Badrick Tony , Murgatroyd Darnel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Health systems around the world have been forced to make choices about how to prioritise care, manage infection control and maintain reserve capacity for future disease outbreaks. Primary health care has moved into the frontline as COVID-19 testing transitions from hospitals to multiple providers, where tracking testing behaviours can be fragmented and delayed. Pooled general practice data are a valuable resource which can be used to inform population and individual care decision-making. This project aims to utilise near real-time electronic general practice data to promote effective care and best-practice policy. Methods: The project will utilise a design thinking approach involving all collaborators (Primary Health Networks [PHNs], general practices, consumer groups, researchers, and digital health developers, pathology professionals) to enhance the development of meaningful and translational project outcomes. The project will be based on a series of observational studies utilising near real-time electronic general practice data from a secure and comprehensive digital health platform [POpulation Level Analysis and Reporting (POLAR) general practice data warehouse]. The study will be carried out over 1.5 years (July 2020 – December 2021) using data from over 350 general practices within three Victorian Primary Health Networks (PHNs) and Gippsland PHN, Eastern Melbourne PHN and South Eastern Melbourne PHN, supplemented by data from consenting general practices from two PHNs in New South Wales, Central and Eastern Sydney PHN and South Western Sydney PHN. Discussion: Developed using a design thinking approach, this project will deliver: 1) A near real-time geo-spatial reporting framework at community, state and nation-wide levels to identify emerging trends and monitor the impact of interventions/policy decisions. 2) Timely evidence about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic related to its diagnosis, treatment and medications prescribed and its impact on patients. 3) A predictive geo-spatial analytics dashboard for timely, evidence-based decision-making at community, state and nation-wide levels. 4) An evidence-based suite of general practice outcome measures to monitor incidence, prevalence, recovery and mortality in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
A preliminary study of schema therapy for adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder: A single-arm, uncontrolled trial
Authors: Oshima Fumiyo , Murata Tomokazu , Ohtani Toshiyuki , Seto Mikuko , Shimizu Eiji 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: Schema therapy (ST) has recently been shown to be effective for the treatment of various mental disorders, including personality disorders. This pilot clinical trial aimed to explore the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of ST for adults with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HF-ASD)Results: From pre- to post-treatment, we found signiﬁcant improvements in social functions (GAF and WHO-QOL), early maladaptive schema (YSQ), and depression and anxiety (BDI-II and STAI).Trial registration: UMIN000014535; registered on July 11, 2014.
Nitrogen removal from summer to winter in a field pilot-scale multistage constructed wetland-pond system
Authors: Xiao Liping , Wang Tao , Lu Hongbin , Lu Shaoyong , Li Jiaxin , Guo Xiaochun , Zhao Xiaoliang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

Single-stage constructed wetlands (CWs) has a single ecological service function and is greatly affected by temperature, which are general in removal of total nitrogen. Multistage hybrid CWs were proven to capable of enhancing removal of nitrogen. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the variation in nitrogen removal in the combined CWs-pond process from summer to winter and the contribution of plant harvesting and the functions of bacteria to nitrogen removal.
Methods

A pilot-scale multistage constructed wetland-pond system (MCWP) with the process of "the pre-ecological oxidation pond + the two-level horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSCW) + the surface flow constructed wetland (SFCW) and the submerged plant pond (SPP)" was used to treat actual polluted river water in the field. During the 124 days of operation, the nitrogen concentrations in the units influent and effluent of the system were measured every two days, and the plant height in HSCWs and SFCW was measured once per month. When the system operated stably to the 72nd day, the substrates in the CWs were sampled to analyze the bacterial community structure and composition.
Results

The concentration of total nitrogen (TN) in the MCWP gradually decreased from 3.46 mg/L to 2.04 mg/L, and the average removal efficiency of TN was approximately 40.74%. The SPP performed the best among all units, and the TN removal efficiency was as high as 16.08%. The TN removal efficiency was significantly positively affected by the daily highest temperature. A formula between the total TN removal efficiency and the highest temperature was obtained by nonlinear fitting. The TN removal load rate in the HSCWs was 2.7–3.7 times that of the SFCW. Furthermore, the TN transformed by Iris pseudacorus L. accounted for 54.53% in the SFCW.
Conclusion

We found that the significant positive correlation between the daily highest temperature and the total TN removal rate a field MCWP system. The SFCW, as an advanced treatment unit, increased the proportion of nitrogen removed by plant harvesting. The bacteria completed the nitrogen cycle in the SFCW, which had high-density planting, through a variety of nitrogen removal pathways.
Investigating the Interaction Between EEG and HRV&nbsp;Protocol for Study of Three-Circle Post Standing Qigong
Authors: Lyu Jiaxuan , Wei Yulong , Tan Tianyang , Hu Qingchuan , Li Hangyu , Dong Jingjing , Zhang Xinzheng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Qigong has a long-term application as an initiative therapy for prevent and cure diseases, as a mindful exercise, it’s unique function of integrate mind, breath and body gets a lot of attention, researches show that qigong practice could adjust brain and heart function. Currently we have limitations on study qigong’s coordinate mechanism between mind and body, existing studies lack of evidence on electrophysiology research.Our object here is to propose a method to evaluate the effects of qigong on mind body adjustment, and to analyse the coordinate function of Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Heart rate variability (HRV) by complex signal process.MethodsA two-arm randomized clinical trial with eighty-four qigong naïve subjects without cerebral or cardiovascular diseases or other severe syndromes will be allocate to either intervention group(n=42) or wait in list control group(n=42). Participants in the intervention group will conduct Three-circle post standing qigong exercise 5 times per week for 8 weeks, while wait in list group will maintain their current lifestyle during 8 weeks period. The outcome will be complexity-based measures of heart rate and EEG signals assessed at baseline and 8 weeks. Multiscale entropy analysis will be used as measures of complexity.ConclusionThis study will be investigate the effects of qigong exercise by EEG and HRV analyse before and after Three-circle post standing practice, and to measure their synergies by complex signal process method. Results of this study may lead to novel biomarkers that help us monitor and understand the physiological processes of brain and heart function and explore the potential benefits of Qigong and will provide a research evidence for qigong’s mind and body synergy function and to direct future clinical treatment.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol has been approved by the institutional review boards of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, where the study will take place(approval number: 2018BZHYLL0109).Trail registrationThis study has been registered with the“Chinese Clinical Trail Registry”, Republic of China, which is a registry in the WHO Registry Network. Register number: ChiCTR-Bon-17010840.