bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative metagenomic discovery of the dynamic cellulose-degrading process from a synergistic cellulolytic microbiota
Authors: Yang Ming , Zhao Jingjing , Yuan Yue , Chen Xiaoyi , Yang Fan , Li Xianzhen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

As a green and sustainable bioenergy source, cellulose is difficult to degrade due to its large molecular weight and high structural complexity. Many cellulolytic microorganisms can secrete a series of enzymes to synergistically catalyze the cellulose degradation with a high efficiency. However, the inability to cultivate most of them, as well as their spatial diversity and temporal variability, limit the clear understanding of the relative area.
Results

To reveal the dynamic process of cellulose biodegradation, we cultivated a microbiota (FP) with efficient cellulose-degrading ability and compared the different stages of filter paper degradation. Ion chromatography and comparative metagenomic sequencing revealed that the diversity of FP enhanced as the complexity of hydrolysates increased, and the disturbance of FP was greater in early-intermediate than intermediate-final period. Sporocytophaga myxococcoides and Cohnella sp. CIP 111063 dominated the synergistic degradation of cellulose in early-intermediate and intermediate-late stages, respectively. Totally, 432 genes were annotated to cellulolytic pathways, and 363 and 231 unannotated genes were speculated to be related to the degradation of cellulose to cellodextrin/cello-oligosaccharide and cellobiose, respectively. Finally, according to the temporal changes in hydrolysates, community structure and gene abundances, a dynamic cellulose-degrading pathway was designed, which involved key cellulolytic species and enzymes in FP.
Conclusions

The cellulose-degrading pathway was established based on the dynamic analysis in microbiota FP, suggesting the collaboration and competition between species during cellulose degradation. Our work should provide a new perspective for the subsequent identification of key cellulolytic strains and enzymes and clarification the mechanism of cellulose biodegradation.
Chemotherapy burden of risk-adapted treatment verse surveillance for clinical stage I pediatric testicular cancer: A decision tree model analysis
Authors: ye yunlin , Chen Zhuang-fei , Bian Jun , Liang Hai-tao , Qin Zi-ke 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Different from adult clinical stage I (CS1) testicular cancer, surveillance was recommended for CS1 pediatric testicular cancer. For high-risk children, greater than 50% of them suffered relapse and progress during surveillance and adjuvant chemotherapy was administrated. Risk-adapted treatment might reduce chemotherapy burden for those children.Methods Using decision analysis model, we collected clinical utilities from literature and survey and compared chemotherapy exposure between risk-adapted treatment and surveillance.Results In base case decision analysis of CS1 pediatric testicular cancer, risk-adapted treatment preferred lower exposure of chemotherapy than surveillance (average: 0.7965 cycle verse 1.3419 cycles). The sensitivity analysis demonstrated that when relapse rate after primary chemotherapy ≤ 0.10 and the relapse rate of high-risk group ≥ 0.40, risk-adapted treatment would expose lower chemotherapy, without association of the proportion of low-risk patients, the relapse rate of low-risk group, relapse rate after salvage chemotherapy and toxicity utility of second-line chemotherapy compared to salvage chemotherapy.Conclusions Risk-adapted treatment might decrease chemotherapy-related toxicity for these high-risk patients and further clinical study was needed.
Development and application of perfect SSR markers in cotton
Authors: wu yuzhen , Huang Longyu , Zhou Dayun , Fu Xiaoqiong , Li Chao , Wei Shoujun , Peng Jun , Kuang Meng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background This study aimed to develop a set of perfect simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers with a single copy in the cotton genome, with the objective of constructing a DNA fingerprint database that is suitable for authenticating cotton cultivars. We optimized the PCR system for multi-platform compatibility and improving detection efficiency. Based on the reference genome of upland cotton and 10× resequencing data of 48 basic cotton germplasm lines, single-copy polymorphic SSR sites were identified and developed as diploidization SSR markers. The SSR markers were detected by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for initial screening, then fluorescence capillary electrophoresis for secondary screening. The final perfect SSR markers were evaluated and verified using 210 lines from different sources among Chinese cotton regional trials. Results Using bioinformatics techniques, 1,246 SSR markers were designed from 26,626 single-copy SSRs. Adopting a stepwise (primary and secondary) screening strategy, a set of 60 perfect SSR markers was selected that showed high amplification efficiency and stability, easy interpretation of peak type, multiple allelic variations, high polymorphism information content (PIC) value, uniform chromosome distribution, and single-copy characteristics. A multiplex PCR system was established with ten SSR markers using capillary electrophoresis detection. Conclusions A set of perfect SSR markers of cotton was developed and a high-throughput SSR marker detection system was established. This study lays a foundation for large-scale and standardized construction of a cotton DNA fingerprint database for authenticating cotton varieties.
The Life and Ideas of Ol'gerd Ipolyt Bochkovs'kyi
Authors: Wróbel Piotr J. 
Published: April 2020

Review Essay:
Of Ol'gerd Ipolyt Bochkovs'kyi: Vybrani pratsi ta dokumenty [Ol'gerd Ipolyt Bochkovs'kyi: Selected Works and Documents]. Compiled by Olia Hnatiuk and Myroslav Chekh, Zhurnal “Ukraina Moderna” / Vydavnytstvo “Dukh i Litera,” 2018-19. 3 vols. Ukraina. Ievropa: 1921-1939 [Ukraine. Europe: 1921-1939]. 704 pp. (vol. 1), 976 pp. (vol. 2), 852 pp. (vol. 3). Illustrations. Tables. Indexes. $44.95 (per vol.), cloth.
Web-Based Medical Information Searching by Chinese Patients With Breast Cancer and its Influence on Survival: Observational Study
Authors: Li Yan , Ye Shan , Zhou Yidong , Mao Feng , Guo Hailing , Lin Yan , Zhang Xiaohui , Shen Songjie , Shi Na , Wang Xiaojie , Sun Qiang 
Published: April 2020

Background
The internet allows patients to easily look for health information. However, how Chinese patients with breast cancer use the internet has rarely been investigated, and there is a scarcity of information about the influence of internet use on survival.

Objective
This observational study aimed to investigate the details of online medical information searching by Chinese patients with breast cancer and to determine whether internet use has any survival benefits.

Methods
Patients who were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2014 and December 2015 were enrolled. We obtained information on their internet-searching behavior and gathered data from the patients’ medical and follow-up records. The associations between internet use and other clinic-pathological factors were analyzed. A Cox proportional-hazards model and the Kaplan-Meier method were used for disease-free survival (DFS) analyses.

Results
A total of 973 patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent definitive surgery took part in the study. Among them, 477 cases (49.0%) performed web-based breast cancer information searching before the initial treatment. A multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that web-based breast cancer information searching was significantly associated with younger age (odds ratio [OR] 0.95, 95% CI 0.94-0.97, P<.001), higher education level (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01–1.86, P=.04), and breast conserving surgery (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.04-1.77, P=.03). Baidu (73.4%, 350/477) and WeChat (66.7%, 318/477) were the two most popular online information sources for breast cancer; however, only 44.9% (214/477) felt satisfied with the online information. In contrast to the nonweb searching group, the web-using patients who were satisfied with online information showed significantly improved DFS (hazard ratio 0.26; 95% CI 0.08-0.88, P=.03).

Conclusions
The patients who were most likely to search the internet for breast cancer information were younger and well-educated, and they were more likely to have breast conserving therapy. Web-using patients who were satisfied with the internet information showed significantly improved DFS. Patients should browse credible websites offering accurate and updated information, and website developers should provide high-quality and easy-to-understand information to better meet the needs of patients with breast cancer.
Inovasi Kebijakan Sosial di Tingkat Lokal: Kapasitas Kelembagaan Panglima Laot dalam Pelaksanaan Program Bantuan Asuransi bagi Nelayan
Authors: Situmeang Marini Kristina , Kusworo Hendrie Adji 
Published: April 2020

This article aims to develop an understanding the innovative institutional capacity by taking example from the empirical case pointing out of how the Panglima Laot institution plays its role as a distributor of insurance programs for fishermen. Through a series of qualitative research, this article succed to find that the Panglima Laot's institutional capacity can be categorized in quadrant II since Panglima Laot had already solid formations and functions. Nevetheless in the case of channeling, the function has not perform well. The argument is proven by the fact proving that there are still many fishermen in Lampulo village who are not yet registered as members of the insurance recipient, as well as the number of regularly fishermen who do not yet have a fisherman membership card. It can be concluded that the work of self-service organizations in this case still requires motivation from those who are in institutional externalities.
Impact of osteosynthesis in fracture care: a cost comparison study
Authors: Eichler Klaus , Höglinger Marc , Meier Flurina , Knöfler Fabio , Scholz-Odermatt Stefan M , Brügger Urs , Denk Eberhard , Gutzwiller Felix , Prein Joachim , Renner Nikolaus , Joeris Alexander 
Published: April 2020

Aim:
To estimate the health economic impact of osteosynthesis (OS) in fracture care over six decades in 17 high-income countries.
Patients & methods:
Applying a decision tree model, we assumed a hypothetical absence of OS and compared OS (intervention) with conservative treatment (CONS; comparator). We included patients with femur, tibia and radius fractures (age <65 years) and for proximal femur fractures also elderly patients (≥70 years).
Results:
We estimated savings in direct and indirect costs of 855 billion Swiss francs in the working age population in addition to 4.6 million years of life gained. In the elderly population, 69 billion Swiss francs were saved in direct costs of proximal femur fractures in addition to 73 million years of life gained.
Conclusion:
OS contributed to maximize health gains of society.
Thermal Analysis of a Zirconium Dioxide Coated Aluminum Alloy Piston
Authors: OZSOY Murat , TIKIZ İsmet , PEHLİVAN Hüseyin 
Published: April 2020

Performance and operating
costs are the most important factors in internal combustion engines. It is one
of the most commonly used methods to coat pistons with advanced technological
ceramic materials in order to improve performance and fatigue life in internal
combustion engines. In this study, changes in temperature and heat flux were
investigated in various thickness coatings made on a 2500 cc turbo diesel
engine piston. As bonding coat, NiCrAl was used in a thickness
of 0.2 mm, while ZrO2 (zirconium dioxide) was used in thicknesses of 0.2-0.4-0.6 and 0.8 mm as
thermal barrier coating material. The piston was modeled in PTC Creo parametric
software and then transferred to ANSYS Workbench environment to create a
mathematical model. Engineering calculations were also done using the finite
element method. After the calculation, the temperatures at the depth of 5 mm from the
combustion chamber upper surface, the binder layer upper surface, the thermal
coating upper surface and the combustion chamber upper surface were compared.
As a result, it was observed that the combustion chamber and the section at the
depth of 5 mm from the combustion chamber had a temperature decrease of 13%.
Investigation of Various Infectious Diseases in Turkey by Mathematical Models SI and SIS
Authors: ÇİLLİ Arzu , ERGEN Kıvanç 
Published: April 2020

Mathematical models can give us
information on number of cases, deaths caused by infectious diseases. In this
study, we aimed to predict the effects of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
(CCHF), tuberculosis (TB), measles for Turkey and the efficiency of SI and SIS
mathematical models were defined in the
prediction of the number of infected people for these diseases. In CCHF,
predictions for 2014 gave 0% error in both models. As for TB, SIS model
predicted the exact number and SI model predicted a few more cases than that of
SIS model. Again SI and SIS models gave the exact values for measles. According
to these predictions it seems that CCHF and TB cases will continue to increase
slightly while measles cases will approach zero.

These models can predict exact numbers
for each year, in a long term and in normal conditions (unless there are
external parameters such as natural disaster, war, emigration and terrorism )
they can predict the trend for the diseases and can tell when to disappear.
Therefore, updating data are of importance to achieve the powerful prediction.
Unimodal Optimization of Axially Compressed Shear Deformable Columns
Authors: ÇAGDAŞ İzzet Ufuk 
Published: April 2020

In this study, the
unimodal optimality conditions for axially compressed shear deformable columns
are formulated and the optimal design problems defined are numerically solved
using an iterative procedure based on the finite element method. The results
presented show that the optimization results are more reliable than the ones
obtained using classical beam theory as cross-sectional area does not vanish at points where the
bending moment is equal to zero.
Determining the Best Maternity Hospital by Using a Fuzzy Decision Making Model
Authors: ECER Billur , AKTAS Ahmet , KABAK Mehmet , DAĞDEVİREN Metin 
Published: April 2020

Despite having child brings great responsibility, people want to have a child instinctively. In the context of childcare, parental responsibility requires that children should be born in good conditions and grow healthy and happily. Parents’ first responsibility is to ensure that children born in a healthy way. Nowadays, pregnant women visit doctor regularly and monitor the infant development. There are too many doctors and hospitals working in obstetrics area. The increasing number of alternatives and selection criteria makes it difficult to find a compromise solution in terms of conflicting selection criteria. Therefore, using analytical methods becomes necessary while making the decision of hospital choice for pregnancy follow-up. The main aim of this study is to develop a decision tool for determining the best hospital for pregnancy process. Because of the existence of linguistic evaluations in the decision process, Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process is used in this study for determining the best alternative. An application of a real world problem is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methodology. Within the presented application weight of hospital selection criteria and priority values of five predetermined alternative hospitals in Ankara are calculated are determined. The obtained results of the study shows that staff quality and technical conditions are the most important criteria for hospital selection.
TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION IN THE PRODUCTIVE SECTOR OF MEAT: IN VITRO, THE MEAT OF THE FUTURE
Authors: Bailone Ricardo Lacava , Fukushima Hirla Costa Silva , Roça Roberto De Oliveira , Borra Ricardo Carneiro , Aguiar Luís Kluwe de 
Published: April 2020

Current methods of meat production are related to many environmental problems. Since the beginning of the last century, the in vitro production of cellular tissues has been speculated, and in 2013 the first bovine hamburger produced from stem cells was presented to the world in the University of Maastricht in the Netherlands. Since then, many companies have begun to invest in the idea, as this type of technology tends to dominate the meatmarket in the near future, as planet Earth no longer supports the demand for environmental resources for food production. For the continuity of humanity, alternative animal protein production techniques must be adopted, with in vitro meat production being an alternative to climate change and environmental problems faced bymankind at the beginning of this century, through better management of natural resources, inevitable for the future of the next generations. Thus, this review aims to present this innovative technology, as well as its trends and barriers.
INNOVATION THE PRACTICES OF CONSTRUCTION OF SUSTAINABLE NEIGHBORHOODS: JARDIM DAS PERDIZES, SÃO PAULO – BRAZIL
Authors: Mizutani Meriellen Nuvolari Pereira , Maróstica Juliana Rodrigues , Oliveira Carlos Alberto Nunes de , Paulin Mario Chiarastelli , Purificação Rafael Alexandre Do Nascimento , Conti Diego De Melo , Cortese Tatiana Tucunduva Philippi , Paschoalin Filho Joao Alexandre 
Published: April 2020

The growth of the population's demand for urbanization besides the globalization of the economy and technology, leads to the depletion of natural resources, requiring a new vision of business focused on sustainability. In this scenario, the Civil construction has been acting in a participatory way in designing and thinking, aiming to reduceimpacts to the environment. The Jardim das Perdizes neighborhood, located in the Barra Funda region of São Paulo, is the first to receive the AQUA certification of sustainable neighborhood, and has several constructive techniques and equipment bringing improvement and economics of the use of natural resources, with Predictedrates of reduction of 35% of water consumption and 25% of energy consumption, in addition to the high performance of buildings, spaces and equipment. Moreover, within the undertaking there is also a park donated to the public sector with complete infrastructure, integrating the leisure space with the interrelations of society andthe ways of thinking sustainability. It is possible to observe with the study that the actions of fostering sustainable constructions benefit the environment with the reduction of raw material consumption and non-renewable resources, to the population with more planned and better income spaces and to the market Real estate, valuingbuildings.
Norman Sartorius: A personal history of psychiatry
Authors: Sartorius Norman 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
As part of the intention to document the recent and current history of psychiatry, I was asked to present memories of my involvement in psychiatry over the past 50 years. Reviewers suggested that I should start this personal history of psychiatry with a summary of my curriculum vitae because this will make it easier to place the events I describe into their historical context. Here it goes, then.
Cutaneous manifestations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal controls
Authors: Roslind Sangeetha , Muhammed Kunnummal , Kumar K. G. Sajeeth 
Published: April 2020

Objectives:
The objectives of the study were (1) to study the cutaneous manifestations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in comparison to normal subjects and (2) to document the association between cutaneous manifestations and complications of DM.

Materials and Methods:
In this 1-year comparative cross-sectional study, 100 patients receiving treatment at the diabetic clinic of a tertiary center were evaluated for cutaneous manifestations and complications due to diabetes. The cutaneous features in diabetics were compared with that of normal controls. An attempt was made to find out any association between cutaneous features of DM and internal organ involvement due to diabetes.

Results:
Cutaneous manifestations were more frequent in patients with type 2 DM than normal controls. The most common manifestation in diabetics was fungal infection followed by bacterial infection. Diabetic dermopathy was found to have statistically significant association with nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy due to type 2 DM.

Limitations:
Limited sample size and study confined to a tertiary referral center.

Conclusions:
Dermatology manifestations provide important clues of prognostic significance in type 2 DM.
CoVid-19: Unmasking the new face of Education
Authors: Shatakshi Lall  , Nardev Singh  
Published: April 2020

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a newly discovered infectious disease caused by a virus named "coronavirus." The lockdown due to COVID 19 has largely affected the lives of students as they no more get to interact on a one on one basis with their teachers. This shift in education from traditional classroom learning to computer-based learning might be one of the largest educational experiments to date. As the online teaching-learning process has become more prevalent in India due to COVID 19 pandemic, it becomes particularly important to know its growth and to know whether it's actually helping the students achieve what they expect out of college. The present study was therefore designed to understand the student's perspective, attitudes, and readiness about online classes being conducted at the University level. An Observational, Descriptive study was conducted. The data was collected using a Questionnaire. The present study was carried out amongst 200 students. After analyzing the results, it was found that 74% of the students liked studying through online classes. The most common reason (49%) as to why the students like studying online were that the study time becomes flexible, and they can study anytime they want. Lack of co-curricular activity was the most common issue (34%) of online classes, as reported by the students. Most of the students were found satisfied with the content and procedure of online teaching. About 30% of the students reported that they prefer their lecture being delivered through a PPT with an audio recording. The present study that was conducted among college students revealed that maximum students are in favor of studying through online classes, but they feel that there is a lack of co-curricular activities in the online mode of conducting classes. As the students are in favor of online classes, such classes must be continued with some interventions. Education Ministry must develop certain rules and guidelines wherein certain online activity sessions can be made compulsory along with regular lecture sessions.