bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra-high-resolution fMRI of Human Ventral Temporal Cortex Reveals Differential Representation of Categories and Domains
Authors: Margalit Eshed , Jamison Keith W. , Weiner Kevin S. , Vizioli Luca , Zhang Ru-Yuan , Kay Kendrick N. , Grill-Spector Kalanit 
Published: February 2020

Human ventral temporal cortex (VTC) is critical for visual recognition. It is thought that this ability is supported by large-scale patterns of activity across VTC that contain information about visual categories. However, it is unknown how category representations in VTC are organized at the submillimeter scale and across cortical depths. To fill this gap in knowledge, we measured BOLD responses in medial and lateral VTC to images spanning 10 categories from five domains (written characters, bodies, faces, places, and objects) at an ultra-high spatial resolution of 0.8 mm using 7 Tesla fMRI in both male and female participants. Representations in lateral VTC were organized most strongly at the general level of domains (e.g., places), whereas medial VTC was also organized at the level of specific categories (e.g., corridors and houses within the domain of places). In both lateral and medial VTC, domain-level and category-level structure decreased with cortical depth, and downsampling our data to standard resolution (2.4 mm) did not reverse differences in representations between lateral and medial VTC. The functional diversity of representations across VTC partitions may allow downstream regions to read out information in a flexible manner according to task demands. These results bridge an important gap between electrophysiological recordings in single neurons at the micron scale in nonhuman primates and standard-resolution fMRI in humans by elucidating distributed responses at the submillimeter scale with ultra-high-resolution fMRI in humans.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTVisual recognition is a fundamental ability supported by human ventral temporal cortex (VTC). However, the nature of fine-scale, submillimeter distributed representations in VTC is unknown. Using ultra-high-resolution fMRI of human VTC, we found differential distributed visual representations across lateral and medial VTC. Domain representations (e.g., faces, bodies, places, characters) were most salient in lateral VTC, whereas category representations (e.g., corridors/houses within the domain of places) were equally salient in medial VTC. These results bridge an important gap between electrophysiological recordings in single neurons at a micron scale and fMRI measurements at a millimeter scale.
Legal Regulations of Blockchain and Cryptocurrency in Ukraine
Authors: Bachynskyy Taras , Radeiko Roman 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This study develops a review of Blockchain legal regulations in Ukraine. The authors analyze use of Blockchain technology in administration and provision of public services in modern Ukraine. It is stressed that the illegal status of Blockchain and cryptocurrency in Ukraine is a barrier to the full use of these instruments in all spheres of modern life in Ukraine. The caselaw in the field of cryptocurrency use is analyzed.
Propiedades psicométricas preliminares de la Escala de Intervenciones Comunes: un instrumento para estudiar las acciones de los terapeutas de distintos marcos teóricos
Authors: Manubens Rocío Tamara , Gómez Penedo Juan Martín , Juan Santiago 
Published: February 2020

Objetivos: Este artículo tiene por objetivo presentar la Escala de Intervenciones Comunes (EIC), un instrumento orientado a explorar el uso de intervenciones psicoterapéuticas utilizadas por terapeutas de distintos marcos teóricos y analizar, a su vez, sus propiedades psicométricas.
Metodología: Se convocó una primera muestra no probabilística de 101 terapeutas psicoanalíticos y cognitivo-conductuales que completaron una versión online de la escala basándose en la última sesión con un paciente adulto. Sobre la base de estos datos se realizaron análisis preliminares de confiabilidad y un análisis factorial exploratorio. Posteriormente, para validar la estructura factorial del instrumento, se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio, a partir de los datos de una nueva muestra de 213 terapeutas identificados con diversos marcos teóricos que completaron la escala.
Resultados: El análisis factorial exploratorio sugirió una primera solución de tres factores; como uno de ellos no contaba con el mínimo de ítems requerido por factor se excluyeron dichos ítems y se generó un nuevo análisis factorial que dio lugar a una solución de dos factores, que explicaron el 71,1% de la varianza total. Los coeficientes α ordinales presentaron niveles adecuados de confiabilidad en ambos factores. El análisis factorial confirmatorio, mostró que todas las cargas estandarizadas estimadas de los nueve ítems, presentaron parámetros significativos (p<0,001).
Discusión: La EIC se presenta como una escala, que cuenta con evidencias de validez y confiabilidad, que por ser un instrumento breve y sencillo de administrar puede representar un aporte valioso para los estudios orientados a evaluar intervenciones psicoterapéuticas en el contexto latinoamericano.
La constitucionalización del ordenamiento jurídico y del mundo de la vida social: el caso italiano y colombiano
Authors: Zeballosf-Cuathin Adrian , Cáceres Mendoza Enrique 
Published: February 2020

El propósito de este trabajo es explicar la naturaleza jurídica de la institución denominada “constitucionalización del derecho”, así como resaltar su importancia y alcance en el ordenamiento jurídico italiano y colombiano. Para cumplir tales fines, se adopta una metodología cualitativa a partir de la revisión y el análisis documental de referentes teóricos, junto con análisis comparado entre los modelos jurídicos -constitucionales de ambos países-, con base en doctrina actualmente existente, a fin de alcanzar, mediante un proceso lógico deductivo, algunas conclusiones propositivas sobre los progresos que la constitucionalización del derecho ha irradiado en todos los aspectos del mundo de la vida jurídica, de cara a retos y objetivos de las sociedades dinámicas. Concretamente se pudo establecer que la forma, materia y alcance de la constitucionaización del derecho en Italia y Colombia tiene diferencias importantes, en cuanto al modo y la intensidad del proceso de constitucionalización, pero que, aún así, mantienen patrones similares y comparten ciertos elementos o criterios comunes, sobre todo en la eficacia judicial de los derechos humanos y fundamentales.
Case Report: Blowout Fracture Complex Type
Authors: Helmi Fauzi , Santoso Boedy Setya 
Published: February 2020

Functional problems and appearance may emerge if careful therapy is not applied in orbital fracture caused by maxillofacial trauma. Recently, the focus of fracture management on fragment fixation most possibly uses anatomy approach. The management of blowout fracture should be overcome by involving several departments. First, identification was carried out in emergency room and then it is consulted to occuloplasty and maxillofacial trauma surgeon. Multidisciplinary management will provide better outcome to retrieve face structural function and improve the appearance. We reported two cases of blowout fracture complex in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, done by Plastic Reconstruction Division of ORL-HNS Department in collaboration with Plastic Reconstruction Division of Ophthalmology Department. In the first case, a 64-year-old female was consulted by Plastic Reconstruction Division of Ophthalmology Department with diagnosis of right orbital adnexal injury, open eye globe injury, scleral laceration, and blowout fracture. In the second case, a 37-year-old male came to Plastic Reconstruction Division of ORL HNS Department, consulted by Plastic Reconstruction of Ophthalmology Department with diagnosis of left cornea and scleral laceration, left full thickness laceration palpebral at 1/3 nasal inferior, rupture of lacrimal canal, and blowout fracture. These cases of blowout fracture with rim orbita fracture complex type were managed well by Plastic Reconstruction Division of ORL-HNS and Plastic Reconstruction Division of Ophthalmology Department. It is apparent that multidisciplinary management was required for optimum outcome.
Classifying Cutting Volume at Shale Shakers in Real-Time Via Video Streaming Using Deep-Learning Techniques
Authors: Du Xunsheng , Jin Yuchen , Wu Xuqing , Liu Yu , Wu Xianping (Sean) , Awan Omar , Roth Joey , See Kwee Choong , Tognini Nicolas , Chen Jiefu , Han Zhu 
Published: February 2020

Summary
A real-time deep-learning model is proposed to classify the volume of cuttings from a shale shaker on an offshore drilling rig by analyzing the real-time monitoring video stream. Compared with the traditional video-analytics method, which is time-consuming, the proposed model is able to implement a real-time classification and achieve remarkable accuracy. Our approach is composed of three modules: a multithread engine for decoding/encoding real-time video stream. The video streaming is provided by a modularized service named Rig-Site Virtual Presence, which enables aggregating, storing, transrating/transcoding, streaming, and visualization of video data from the rig; an automatic region-of-interest (ROI) selector. A deep-learning-based object-detection approach is implemented to help the classification model find the region containing the cutting flow; and a convolutional-neural-network-based classification model, which is pretrained with videos collected from previous drilling operations. Normalization and principal-component analyses (PCAs) are conducted before every video frame is fed into the classification model. The classification model classifies each frame into four labels (Extra Heavy, Heavy, Light, and None) in real time. The overall workflow has been tested on a video stream directed from an offshore drilling rig. The video stream has a bitrate of 137 Kbps, approximately 6 frames/sec (fps), and a frame size of 720 × 486. The training process is conducted on an Nvidia GeForce 1070 graphics processing unit (GPU). The testing process (classification inference) runs with only an i5-8500 central processing unit (CPU). Because of the multithreads processing and proper adaptation on the classification model, we are able to handle the entire workflow in real time. This allows us to receive a real-time video stream and display the classification results with encoded frames on the user-side screen at the same time. We use the confusion matrix as the metric to evaluate the performance of our model. Compared with results manually labeled by engineers, our model can achieve highly accurate results in real time without dropping frames.
Global diastolic strain rate for the assessment of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in young peritoneal dialysis patients: a case control study
Authors: Zhu Jing , Shi Fei , You Tao , Tang Chao , Chen Jianchang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Left ventricular (LV) myocardial longitudinal diastolic strain rate measured by two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) was proved to have a better correlation with the LV diastolic function. We aimed to use this sensitive tool to predict LV myocardial diastolic dysfunction in young peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients with preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF).Methods: We enrolled 30 PD patients aged ≤60 with LVEF ≥54% and classified as normal LV diastolic function by conventional echocardiography, and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy people as the control group. The left atrial maximum volume index (LAVI), LV mass index (LVMI), LVEF, LV posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), peak velocity of tricuspid regurgitation (TR), peak early diastolic velocity/late diastolic velocity(by Pulsed Doppler) (E/A) and E/peak velocity of the early diastolic wave (by Pulsed-wave tissue Doppler) (E/e’) were recorded by conventional echocardiographic. Next, the average LV global longitudinal systolic strain (GLS avg) and the average LV global longitudinal diastolic strain rate (DSr avg) during early diastole (DSrE avg), late diastole (DSrA avg) and isovolumic relaxation period (DSrIVR avg) were obtained from 2D-STI. Combined them with E, the new noninvasive indexes (E/DSrE avg, E/DSrA avg and E/DSrIVR avg) were derived.Results: The PD group ’s LVEF, E/e¢, TR and LAVI were in the normal range compared with the controls, and only e¢ (p<0.001) was decreased. The LVMI (p<0.001), LVPWT (p<0.001), IVST (p<0.001) increased while E/A (p<0.001) decreased. The GLS avg (p=0.008) was significantly decreased in PD patients compared with the controls. DSrA avg (p=0.006) and E/DSrE avg (p=0.006) were increased, while DSrE avg (p<0.001), DSrIVR avg (p=0.017) and E/DSrA avg (p<0.001) decreased. After the multivariable regression analysis, the correlation between DSrE and the conventional parameters including LVPWT (p<0.001), E/A (p<0.001) still remained significant. Conclusions: Young PD patients with preserved LVEF already exhibited myocardial diastolic dysfunction. Global diastolic strain rate indexes were valuable parameters to evaluate diastolic dysfunction. Additionally, LVPWT was highly correlated with DSrE, such parameter should be taken into account for predicting the early LV diastolic dysfunction in clinical practice.
Screening differentially expressed genes of pancreatic cancer between Mongolian and Han people using bioinformatics technology
Authors: Xu Jiasheng , Liao Kaili , FU ZHONGHUA , XIONG ZHENFANG 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective: To screen and analyze differentially expressed genes in pancreatic carcinoma tissues taken from Mongolian and Han patients by Affymetrix Genechip. Methods: Pancreatic ductal cell carcinoma tissues were collected from the Mongolian and Han patients undergoing resection in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from March 2015 to May 2018 and the total RNA was extracted. Differentially expressed genes were selected from the total RNA qualified by Nanodrop 2000 and Agilent 2100 using Affymetrix and a cartogram was drawn; The gene ontology (GO) analysis and Pathway analysis were used for the collection and analysis of biological information of these differentially expressed genes. Finally, some differentially expressed genes were verified by real-time PCR.

Results: Through the microarray analysis of gene expression, 970 differentially expressed genes were detected by comparing pancreatic cancer tissue samples between Mongolian and Han patients. A total of 257 genes were significantly up-regulated in pancreatic cancer tissue samples in Mongolian patients; while a total of 713 genes were down-regulated. In the Gene Ontology database, 815 differentially expressed genes were identified with clear GO classification, and CPB1 gene showed the highest increase in expression level (multiple difference: 31.76). The pathway analysis detected 28 signaling pathways that included these differentially expressed genes, involving a total of 178 genes. Among these pathways, the enrichment of differentially expressed genes in the FAK signaling pathway was the strongest and COL11A1 gene showed the highest multiple difference (multiple difference: 5.02). The expression of differentially expressed genes CPB1, COL11A1、ITGA4、BIRC3、PAK4、CPA1、CLPS、PIK3CG and HLA-DPA1 determined by real-time PCR were consistent with the results of gene microarray analysis.

Conclusions: The results of microarray analysis of gene expression profiles showed that there are a large number of differentially expressed genes in pancreatic cancer tissue samples comparing Mongolian and Han population. These genes are closely related to the cell proliferation, differentiation, invasion, metastasis and multi-drug resistance in pancreatic cancer. They are also involved in the regulation of multiple important signaling pathways in organisms.
Impact of the comprehensive geriatric assessment on treatment decision in geriatric oncology
Authors: Sourdet Sandrine , Brechemier Delphine , Steinmeyer Zara , Gerard Stephane , Balardy Laurent 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is the gold standard in geriatric oncology to identify patients at high risk of adverse outcomes and optimize cancer and overall management. Many studies have demonstrated that CGA could modify oncologic treatment decision. However, there is little knowledge on which domains of the CGA are associated with this change. Moreover, the impact of frailty and physical performance on cancer treatment changes have been rarely assessed.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of older patients with solid or hematologic cancer referred by oncologists for a geriatric evaluation before cancer treatment. A comprehensive geriatric assessment was performed by a multidisciplinary team to provide guidance for treatment decision. We performed a multivariate analysis to identify CGA domains associated with change in cancer treatment plan.
Results: 418 patients, mean age 82.8 ± 5.5, were included between October 2011 and January 2016, and 384 of them were referred with an initial cancer treatment plan. This initial cancer treatment plan was changed in 64 patients (16.7 %). In multivariate analysis, CGA domains associated with change in cancer treatment plan were cognitive impairment according to the MMSE score (p=0.020), malnutrition according to the MNA score (p=0.023), and low physical performance according to the Short Physical Performance Battery (p=0.010).
Conclusion: Cognition, malnutrition and low physical performance are significantly associated with change in cancer treatment plan in older adults with cancer. More studies are needed to evaluate their association with survival, treatment toxicity and quality of life. The role of physical performance should be specifically explored.
Feto-Maternal Outcomes Of Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy In Yekatit-12 Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Mengistu Mekoya Dabulo , Kuma Tilahun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background In resource poor countries, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are common and form one of the deadly triad, along with hemorrhage and infection, which contribute greatly to maternal and fetal jeopardy. Methods The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and determine the effects of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on the feto-maternal outcomes. It was a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study on 615 women who attended delivery at Yekatit-12 Teaching Hospital from July 2017 - Jan 2018. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate rates. Chi-square statistics were used to estimate the associations among selected predictor variables. A p-value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results Out of the 615 study population, the prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy was found to be 25.4%, of which the majority (54.5%) was severe pre-eclampsia. Eclampsia accounted for 2.6%, and superimposed pre-eclampsia was 2.6%. The rate of severe pre-eclampsia with HELLP syndrome was 7.1% of all mothers with the hypertensive disorders. The majority of mothers with hypertensive disorders (59.6%) had age range of 25-34 years. About 46% of mothers required interventions to terminate the pregnancy either by cesarean section (42.3%) or instrumental deliveries (3.7%). The rate of preterm, low birth weight, and low Apgar at 1st and 5thminutes accounted for 30%, 25%, 24.4% and 16.7% of neonates born to mothers with hypertensive disorders, respectively. Over 19% of neonates required resuscitation and 11.5% NICU referral. The rate of still birth was 2.6%. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is high in the study area and complicates maternal and fetal outcomes of the pregnancy. To deter its detrimental effects both on fetal and maternal outcomes of pregnancy, antenatal surveillance should be expanded to enable early detection, stringent follow-up and timely intervention in severely affected pregnancies.
Unique miRNAs and their targets in tomato leaf responding to combined drought and heat stress
Authors: Zhou Rong , Yu Xiaqing , Ottosen Carl-Otto , Zhang Tingling , Wu Zhen , Zhao Tongmin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Both drought and heat stress are serious global problems, leading to agricultural production loss. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in plant species responding to individual drought and heat stress. However, the miRNAs and mRNAs in association with combined drought and heat in crops like tomato remains unclear.
Results: We studied the crosstalk of miRNAs and their target genes in tomato plants grown under simultaneous drought and heat stress that frequently happen in field conditions. In total, 335 known miRNAs representing 55 miRNA families and 430 potential novel miRNAs were identified in Solanum lycopersicum L. using small RNA deep sequencing. Through expression analysis, miRNAs in association with drought, heat and the combination of these were investigated. In total, 61, 74 and 37 miRNAs were differentially regulated for combination (of both stresses) vs control, combination vs drought and combination vs heat, respectively. Target genes with different expression levels were found using degradome sequencing, which were mainly involved in transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding, transcription, regulation of transcription, nucleus, DNA binding etc . The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results confirmed the accuracy of sequencing.
Conclusions: Our study serves as valuable knowledge on how crop adapted to combined drought and heat stress by regulating miRNAs and mRNAs, which provide information for crop improvement to deal with future climate changes.
Keywords: Solanum lycopersicum L.; miRNAs; degradome; functional analysis; combined abiotic stress
Prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections and HPV high-risk genotypes in women in rural communities in the Department of La Paz, Bolivia
Authors: Patzi-Churqui Marianela , Terrazas-Aranda Katty , Liljeqvist Jan-Åke , Lindh Magnus , Eriksson Kristina 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Bolivia has the highest prevalence of cervical cancer in South America and the prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among people in urban cities is increasing. Little is known about the prevalence of viral STIs in rural communities, which generally have limited access to health care. In order to study the prevalence of viral STIs in rural Bolivia, we recruited women from villages and towns in the Department of La Paz in Bolivia. Methods: 394 female participants were assessed for IgG-antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV, anti-HBc), as well as for the presence of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in dried blood spots. The prevalence of 12 high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) was assessed by qPCR in dried cervicovaginal cell spots from 376 of these women. χ 2 test was used to compare variables between the populations and binary logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with the positivity of the tests. Results: The seroprevalence of HSV-2 was 53% and of HBV 10.3%. HBAg was detected in 15.8% of women with anti-HBV antibodies indicating chronic infection. The frequency of high-risk HPV infection was 27%, with the most prevalent high-risk HPV types being HPV 56, 39 and 31 followed by HPV 16 and 18. Finally, none of the 394 women were seropositive for HIV, and about 64% of the studied population was positive for at least one of the viral infections. Conclusions: Women in Bolivian rural communities in La Paz show a high prevalence of HBV, HPV and, in particular, HSV-2. In contrast, none of the women were HIV positive, suggesting that the HIV prevalence in this population is low. The pattern of high-risk HPV types differed from many other countries with a predominance of HPV-types not included in the Gardasil vaccine which was officially introduced in Bolivia in April 2017.