bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAMILY-MEMBER LOSS AS A CUMULATIVE BURDEN FOR HEALTH AMONG BLACK AND WHITE OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Donnelly Rachel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The health consequences of multiple family member deaths across the life course has received less attention in the bereavement literature. Moreover, recent research shows that black Americans are more likely than white Americans to lose multiple family members. I analyze longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (1992-2014) to assess how multiple family member losses across the life course are associated with declines in health among older adults. Findings suggest that multiple family losses prior to midlife are associated with a number of indicators of poor health (e.g., functional limitations, cardiometabolic health) and steeper declines in health as individuals age. Losses after midlife additionally undermine health declines for older adults. Thus, family member loss functions as a cumulative burden of stress across the life course that erodes health in mid- and later-life. Family loss disproportionately burdens black Americans and serves as a unique source of disadvantage for black families.
RECRUITMENT TO THE GERONTOLOGY CERTIFICATE: STRATEGIES FROM UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Fauth Elizabeth B , Liu Yin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There is a workforce shortage in age-related fields, in both medical and non-medical, and professional and nonprofessional employment levels. Jobs in aging-related fields are cited as growth careers, or in lists of “top ten growing jobs”, yet academic training programs in gerontology are still facing low enrollment and other long-standing barriers. Utah State University offers an interdisciplinary gerontology certificate housed within the department of Human Development and Family Studies (HDFS). Recruitment to the certificate is most effective from two “feeder” classes: Adult Development and Aging (in HDFS), and via a guest lecture in Community Health (in Kinesiology and Health Sciences). Face-to-face meetings with academic advisors in other departments (e.g. Nutrition) has resulted in referrals to the certificate program. Office hours and drop-ins from interested students falls on the certificate coordinator, but is essential in recruitment. In sum, face-to-face recruitment is time intensive, but significantly more effective than online/print material.
GROWING AN ONLINE GERONTOLOGY MINOR AT THE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
Authors: Eaton Jacqueline 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Gerontology Interdisciplinary Program at the University of Utah has a long history of offering certificates (48 years) and a Master of Science degree (25 years). Relatively new to our program is the minor in gerontology, first available in 2013. This paper will describe efforts to grow this program, barriers to enrollment, and plans for expansion. In 2018, the program developed a targeted strategy to increase student awareness of and enrollment in the minor. First, we focused on newly enrolled pre-nursing students through new student orientation presentations and registration support. The introductory course within the minor jumped in enrollment from 6 students in Fall of 2017 to 40 in Fall 2018. Students taking courses in the minor received follow-up support and instructions mid-semester to ease matriculation. Enrollment in the minor increased by 140%. Next, we plan to apply these strategies to a broader number of colleges and departments throughout campus.
INTEGRATION OF OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCES OF HEALTH IN OLD AGE
Authors: Mejia Shannon T , Drewelies Johanna , Berg Cynthia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Life-span perspectives on adult development and aging highlight the processes of understanding and acting to support one’s own health and well-being. Within this framework, subjective measures offer insight into the experience of objective measures of health. This symposium brings together four papers that highlight the overlap and discrepancy between subjective and objective measures of health and how these are shaped by individual development in different contexts and phases of adult development over various timescales. Mejía and colleagues consider the intraindividual dynamics of older adults’ perceived and actual fall risk. Using 30 days of subjective and objective balance assessment, they illustrate individual differences in how awareness of fall-risk relates to physical activity on that day. Koffer and Kamarck use data from the Pittsburgh Healthy Heart Project to examine how reactivity of cardiovascular response and affective experience to daily experiences of stress changes with age. Drewelies and colleagues consider how objective aging feels. Using data from the Berlin Aging Study II, they examine how chronological and subjective age are linked to biological age in older adults. Gonzalez and colleagues use self-reported and behavioral data from an in-context biosocial research lab to comment on the theoretical and methodological implications of integrating objective and subjective measures of experience. The discussion by Berg integrates the four papers, highlights their theoretical and methodological contributions, and considers challenges and opportunities for subjective and objective inquiries of older adults’ experiences of health.
FEELING YOUNGER, BEING YOUNGER: ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN BIOLOGICAL AGE AND SUBJECTIVE AGE IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Drewelies Johanna , Demuth Ilja , Duezel Sandra , Hueluer Gizem , Bertram Lars , Steinhagen-Thiessen Elisabeth , Gerstorf Denis 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Subjective age has been shown to be a strong predictor of both subjective and objective health outcomes. However, little is known about the extent to which individuals’ subjective age is related to one’s biological age or not. In our study, we examine how subjective age relates to biological age—a comprehensive multi-indicator biomarker algorithm aggregating information of metabolic, cardiovascular, inflammatory, lung, and kidney functioning. We used data from 996 older adults from the Berlin Aging Study II (mean age = 68.40 years, range 60 to 85, 52% women) who provided information about chronological age, biological age, and subjective age. Multiple regression analyses revealed that subjective age was associated with biological age among older women with and without controls for age, education, and physician-observed comorbidity, but not older men. Our findings suggest that subjective age might provide unique insights into how biological age differs across adulthood and contributes to overall health.
DISTINGUISHING SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE FROM OBJECTIVE FACTORS IN DECISION MAKING AND PERCEIVED EFFORT
Authors: Gonzalez Richard , Abbott Patricia , Ashton-Miller James , Smith Jacqui 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We use self-reported and behavioral data from the HomeLab to comment on the theoretical and methodological implications of integrating objective and subjective measures of experience. To illustrate, we will focus on two domains that vary in the nature of objective and subjective measurements examined. One domain will be decision making where subjective measures include subjective probability and utility and the respective objective measures include probability and actual outcomes. The second domain will be activities of daily living where the subjective measure is perceived effort and the objective measures include various data from sensor such as EDA (arousal) and EMG (muscle contraction). The presentation will discuss the benefits of conducting such research in a realistic standardized context such as the HomeLab, which is a fully connected, fully functioning apartment set up as a standardized lab in order to study activities of daily living.
INCREASED LIFESPAN THROUGH ALTERED GCN4 / ATF-5 IN S. CEREVISIAE AND C. ELEGANS
Authors: McCormick Mark , Robbins Christine , Heath Olivia , Westenskow Marissa 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In a whole-genome screen for deletions that increase lifespan in S. cerevisiae, we identified increased Gcn4 signaling as a mediator of increased lifespan. Gcn4 is a nutrient-responsive transcription factor whose entire pathway is functionally conserved from yeast through humans. Accumulation of uncharged tRNAs has been shown to upregulate Gcn4, and its mammalian ortholog, ATF4. Here we demonstrate that chemical inhibitors of tRNA synthetases significantly extend lifespan in both yeast and the nematode C. elegans, in a dose- and Gcn4-dependent manner.
LEVERAGING DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS FOR PHARMACOLOGICAL EXTENSION OF HEALTHY LIFESPAN
Authors: Gruber Jan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Traditional approaches aimed at delaying or preventing age-dependent diseases view each disease as a distinct entity, resulting from separate pathophysiological chains of events. However, it is becoming increasing clear that even in adult animals there remains significant plasticity in terms of ageing trajectories and lifespan, suggesting that targeting ageing processes directly may be a promising alternative strategy. However, to date effects of even the most efficacious pharmacological interventions are smaller than those of ageing mutations, even when targeting the same ageing pathways. Interestingly, it has been shown that simultaneously targeting multiple ageing pathways can result in lifespan benefits that are synergistic (more than additive). We have recently shown that dramatic lifespan and healthspan extension can also be archived by leveraging interactions between drugs targeting distinct subsets of the gene-regulatory network controlling ageing of C. elegans. These interventions were highly efficacious, even when animals were treated only as adults.
UNDERSTANDING AGING IN TERMS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL STATES
Authors: Mendenhall Alexander , Burnaevskiy Nikolay , Yun Soo , Sands Bryan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The “network” of homeostatic systems fails in distinct ways in individual isogenic animals during the aging process. We believe that understanding these distinct physiological states, the transitions between them, and how they relate to homeostatic system functions will allow us to better affect change in the aging process. Work in yeast showed that fixing an initial system failure, loss of vacuole acidification capacity, could increase cellular lifespan. Here we showed how the long-lived physiological state conferred by high expression of the hsp-16.2 promoter based lifespan/penetrance biomarker correlates with differences in the expression of other genes, and the structure and function of lysosomes. We found that vacuole acidification failure is not a major initial proximal cause of aging in C. elegans – at least not in their intestine cells.
QUALITATIVE FINDINGS AND THEMES IN REIMAGINING LTC: RESULTS ROUND 1 AND 2 OF THE NATIONAL DELPHI STUDY
Authors: Kane Rosalie A , Workman Audrey 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
From Round 1 we developed programmatic building blocks, which we classified as: housing suggestions; services suggestions; housing and/or technology heavy suggestions; policy or regulation suggestions;new philosophical approaches; and long-range social engineering. Besides the quantitatively ratings of the importance of each building block, respondents explained what they liked and disliked about each.. They frequently commented that environments rich in design features, amenities and activities would not be practical for low-income people. Respondents felt that some ideas would not be suitable for people with dementia because they would be insufficiently protected. Principles that seemed to be incompatible could be highly endorses; e.g., the principle that we prioritize people staying in their own homes and a principle that frail elderly persons living along should relocate to group residential settings to avoid social isolation. This paper concludes with a list of areas for further discussion by work groups.
QUANTITATIVE RE-IMAGINING OF LTC : RESULTS FROM ROUNDS 1 AND 2 OF A NATIONAL DELPHI STUDY
Authors: McCreedy Ellen , Hoover Caleb 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
At Round , 110 participants answered an open text question about how they would redesign LTC if starting fresh without regulatory or financial constraints.. They also rated a list of values as to whether they were reflected in the respondents’ suggestions. From analysis of Round 1 open text, principles for LTC were extracted and 20 programmatic building blockscreated. At Round 2, respondents rated the importance of the original value list (after Round 1 results were shared) and rated the principles and building blocks. This paper presents those findings and highlights inconsistencies in results: for example, both a universal LTC and a means-test benefit were endorsed. Participants preferred the term Long-Term Services and Support for the subject matter but no strong term was the favorite for service users. Alternate ways of displaying endorsement of individual items (mean value, different score cutoffs) resulted in the same most popular and least popular items.
GRANDPARENTS’ ROLES IN THE CONTEXT OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES: THE VOICES OF EMERGING ADULTS
Authors: Chan Athena Chung Yin , Leung Doris , Chan Bessie , Ho Grace Wing Ka 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The influence of grandparents, in the context of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), is largely understudied. With strong kinship in Asian families, grandparents may provide a crucial resource to their grandchildren; not limited to those living together, but having close emotional proximity. This qualitative study used secondary analysis to explore the roles of grandparents, upon reflection of participants’ childhood adversities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 emerging adults, between 18 and 24 years old in Hong Kong, China. Participants were eligible if they: (1) reported at least one ACE, namely, abuse (physical, emotional, sexual), neglect (physical, emotional), witnessing domestic violence, or a dysfunctional household (due to parental divorce/death, household member substance use, incarceration, mental illness); and (2) described their interactions with grandparents during the interviews. Participants were asked to think of a challenging time during their childhood, and strategies they used to overcome them. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data regarding the interactions with grandparents were coded and analyzed by four researchers following interpretive description. Preliminary findings described four primary roles grandparents played in the context of ACEs, which were sometimes positive and/or negative. Grandparents were portrayed as being unique persons in participants’ lives that influenced how they faced their childhood adversities. We will discuss how grandparents’ stewardship may significantly shape cultural patterns of how families cope with ACEs. In particular, our findings, examined against literature, will discuss how grandparents may enhance resilience of young people with ACEs.
MORE OR LESS? A DECADE’S TREND OF SOCIAL PARTICIPATION AMONG CHINESE OLDER ADULTS: BASED ON A LONGITUDINAL SURVEY
Authors: Tan Chenxin , Zhou Yun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Social participation is of great significance in healthy aging. While studies on social participation among Chinese elderly are growing, there is a lack of understanding the changes over time of the participation. Using datasets from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), this paper presents a comprehensive analysis on a decade’s trend of social participation among Chinese older adults. First, we use the method of Latent Class Analysis (LCA) to identify types of social participation; in this study, we concluded three types, no participation, the family-centered, and the society-oriented. Second, we examine the characteristics of the elderly by types of participation in terms of demographic, socioeconomic and health condition and analyze the changes in the characteristics over time. And third, we interpret the trend of social participation with broader social environment, or the fluctuant structural and institutional differences under the context of China’s unique social system. Our general conclusion is that while the overall level of participation holds relatively steady, there is a dynamic micro progress and complex mechanisms in this long period. In addition, although both the family-centered participants and the society-oriented possess broader scopes of social participation, the related attributes are different across time. This paper contributes to our knowledge of life of the elderly under the circumstances of fast aging process in China.
MATTERING AND MOBILITY: POSITIVE RELATIONS WITH OTHERS PROTECTS AGAINST FUNCTIONAL DECLINE IN AGING ADULTS
Authors: Baker Hannah , Mitoraj Meghan , Friedman Elliot M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Social relationships are robust predictors of better health and greater longevity in aging adults. The current study examined a relatively understudied aspect of relationship quality - positive relations with others, a domain of eudaimonic well-being - and its independent associations with change in and incidence of mobility limitations in a sample of mid-life and older adults from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study. Using data from all 3 waves of MIDUS, we examined the extent to which positive relations with others predicted smaller increases in limitations and reduced risk of onset of new limitations over a 18-20 follow-up period. Linear and logistic regression models, adjusted for demographic and health confounds, showed that higher positive relations scores predicted slower increase in limitations over time (p=.003) and reduced risk of incidence of new limitations (p=.01). These effects were also observed over and above the associations with more traditional structural and functional measures of social relationships, neither of which was significantly linked to changes in functional abilities. These results suggest that positive relations with others may act as a unique protective factor for functional decline, both in individuals with no initial functional limitations and in those with existing limitations. They also extend prior research on the potential health benefits of social relationships to include a social dimension of eudaimonic well-being. Finally, they suggest that vulnerability to functional limitations and the potential benefits of social connectedness extend to mid-life as well as older adults.
PSYCHOCOGNITIVE REACTIVITY TO INSUFFICIENT SLEEP AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH BODY MASS INDEX IN MIDDLE-AGED WORKERS
Authors: Drury Taylor , Lee Soomi , Buxton Orfeu M , Almeida David M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Individuals tend to report more stressors on days after nights with fewer hours of sleep. There may be individual differences such that this negative sleep duration—stressor perception relationship is stronger for some than others, which may have implications for health outcomes. However, we know little about whether differences in stressor perception in response to insufficient sleep (“psychocognitive reactivity to insufficient sleep”) are associated with health outcomes such as body weight. This study examined whether psychocognitive reactivity to insufficient sleep were associated with body mass index (BMI) in midlife workers. We used a sample of 127 office workers (Mage=45.2±6.2) who participated in a daily diary study for 8 consecutive days as part of the Work, Family, and Health Study. Multilevel models tested whether daily number of stressors was predicted by previous nights’ sleep. We outputted within-person slopes of stressors regressed on sleep duration to predict BMI (kg/m2). Analyses adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and mean stressors across days. On average, workers reported more stressors following nights with shorter sleep duration than usual (negative slope means higher reactivity). Compared to those with average reactivity (within ±½SD; reference), workers with higher reactivity (≤-½SD) had higher BMI (p&lt;.05). The BMI of these workers fell in the obese range. This study is one of the first to report that middle-aged workers with higher psychocognitive reactivity to insufficient sleep may be at greater risk for obesity. Future interventions should focus on improving middle-aged workers’ sleep health to reduce next-day stressors and thereby improve their body weight.
A NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NURSING HOME CULTURE CHANGE AND RESIDENT OUTCOMES
Authors: Schwartz Margot L , Lima Julie C , Gozalo Pedro L , Clark Melissa A , Miller Susan C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Literature is mixed regarding the relationship between Nursing Home (NH) culture change and resident outcomes, and the majority of studies are limited to small samples. We evaluated this relationship separately for five unique domains of NH culture change (physical environment, resident care, staff empowerment, leadership, and family and community involvement practices) using a 2016/2017 survey administered to a stratified-random national sample of NHs; 74% of NH administrators responded (n=1,583). We assessed the relationship between each culture change domain and 8 outcomes (calculated with MDS 3.0 and Medicare claims data) using resident-level multivariable logistic regression models, that accounted for resident and NH characteristics, and were weighted by facility-level inverse probability weights (to address NH Selection). We found the relationship between NH culture change and resident outcomes varied by culture change domain. High scores on leadership practices (i.e., two-way communication, staff involvement, education/training, respect for workers, and coaching) were most strongly associated with outcomes. Compared to the lowest quartile, performance in the highest quartile (most implementation of practices) on the leadership domain was associated with 13% lower odds (OR: 0.87, 95%CI: 0.78, 0.96) of urinary tract infections, 15% lower odds (OR: 0.85, 95%CI: 0.80, 0.91) of worsened locomotion, and 41% lower odds (OR: 0.59, 95%CI: 0.42, 0.83) of physical restraint use. For the other domains the estimates (and statistical significance) of the relationship with outcomes varied more than observed for leadership. Our findings emphasize the importance of high-quality NH leadership. Investments in improved leadership practices may result in higher-quality resident outcomes.
A RISING TIDE LIFTS ALL BOATS: OLDER WORKER EMPLOYMENT RATES
Authors: Harootyan Robert 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
U.S. population aging has been accompanied by aging of its workforce. One-fourth of workers are now 55+, a result of increasing labor force participation rates (LFPRs) of boomers. Older female LFPRs increased notably since 2000, now 34% (1.5 times greater than the 1947-2000 average). Older male LFPRs steadily declined for 50 years, but increased since 2000 (currently 45%). Despite higher LFPRs, many older workers are underemployed, unemployed or having trouble finding desired jobs. We conducted a pilot to test the hypothesis that areas with strong economic and overall-employment growth are more likely to have higher age 55+ LFPRs - i.e., strong overall demand should increase the likelihood that older persons are employed. Major metropolitan areas were selected because of their large labor pools and ACS age-specific labor force data. Of 318 large metros, we selected 14 whose 2017-2018 employment growth ranged from 0.7% to 3.3% (excluded were those with small negative change and those with concentrated special industries). Results: After calculating age-specific LFPRs from ACS five-year data and overall employment growth for each metro, we found a generally strong relationship between high growth and higher than average LFPRs for persons ages 55+. For example, two opposites: Dallas, with 3.2% employment growth, had age 55+ (five year intervals to 75+) LFPRs substantially higher than the national average (by 4-7 percentage points; significant at 0.05). But Pittsburgh, with 0.8% overall employment growth, had age 55+ LFPRs slightly lower than national average. Conclusion: A rising (economic/employment) tide lifts all boats, including older workers.