bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemotaxonomic Investigation of Apocynaceae for Retronecine-Type Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids Using HPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Barny Lea A. , Tasca Julia A. , Sanchez Hugo A. , Smith Chelsea R. , Koptur Suzanne , Livshultz Tatyana , Minbiole Kevin P. C. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTApocynaceae are well-known for diverse specialized metabolites that are distributed in a phylogenetically informative manner. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) have been reported sporadically in one lineage in the family, the APSA clade, but few species had been studied to date. We conduct the first systematic survey of Apocynaceae for retronecine-type PAs, sampling leaves from 231 species from 13 of 16 major lineages within the APSA clade using HPLC-MS/MS. We also follow up on preliminary evidence for infra-specific variation of PA detectability inEchites umbellatusJacq. Four precursor ion scans (PREC) were developed for a high-throughput survey for chemicals containing a structural moiety common to many PAs, the retronecine core. We identified with high confidence PAs in 7 of 8 sampled genera of tribe Echiteae, but not in samples from the closely related Odontadenieae and Mesechiteae, confirming the utility of PAs as a taxonomic character in tribal delimitation. The presence of PAs in Malouetieae was confirmed, as we report with high confidence their presence inGalactophora schomburgkianaWoodson andEucorymbia albaStapf, but currently we have low confidence of their presence inHolarrena pubescensWall. ex G. Don (the one Malouetieae species where they were previously reported), as well as inKibatalia macrophylla(Pierre ex Hua) Woodson and inHolarrena curtisiiKing & Gamble. For the first time the presence of PAs in species ofWrightiaR. Br. (Wrightieae) andMarsdeniaR. Br. (Marsdenieae) was confirmed. Detectability of PAs was found to vary among samples ofEchites umbellatusand intra-individual plasticity contributes to this variation. Of toxicological importance, novel potential sources of human exposure to pro-toxic PAs were identified in the medicinal plants,Wrightia tinctoriaR.Br. andMarsdenia tinctoriaR.Br., and the food plant,Echites panduratusA. DC., warranting immediate further research to elucidate the structures of the candidate PAs identified. Method development and limitations are discussed.
Genetically-modifiedX. laevisindicate distinct roles for prominin-1 and photoreceptor cadherin in outer segment morphogenesis and retinal dystrophy
Authors: Carr Brittany J , Stanar Paloma , Moritz Orson L 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTMutations in prominin-1 (prom1) and photoreceptor cadherin (cdhr1) are associated with inherited retinal degenerative disorders such as retinitis pigmentosa, cone-rod dystrophy, and juvenile macular dystrophy. The proteins encoded by these genes are hypothesized to regulate photoreceptor outer segment disc morphogenesis, but their functions remain unknown. We used CRISPR/Cas9 to generateprom1-, cdhr1-, andprom1+cdhr1-nullX. laevisand then documented the effects of these mutations on photoreceptor structure and function.Prom1-null mutations resulted in dysmorphic photoreceptors comprised of overgrown and disorganized disc membranes. Cones were more severely affected than rods; outer segments were elongated and fragmented, and ERG response was impaired. Autofluorescent deposits in the outer segment layer of agingprom1-null animals indicate that secondary toxic effects to the retina or RPE drive retinal degeneration for this mutation, instead of direct effects on outer segment disc morphogenesis.Cdhr1-null photoreceptors did not appear grossly dysmorphic, but ultrastructural analysis revealed that some disc membranes were overgrown or aligned vertically within the plasma membrane.Prom1+cdhr1-null mutants did not differ significantly fromprom1-null mutants. Our results indicate that neither prom1 nor cdhr1 are necessary for outer segment disc membrane evagination or the membrane fusion event involved in disc sealing. Rather, they are necessary for higher-order organization of the nascent outer segment discs. Prom1 may align and reinforce interactions between the disc leading edges, a function more critical in cone photoreceptors for structural support. Cdhr1 may help to align nascent discs and maintain horizontal disc orientation prior to fusion.
A review of models for assessing readiness of construction organisations to innovate
Authors: Akunyumu Stephen , Fugar Frank D.K. , Adinyira Emmanuel , Danku James Cofie 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
There is an urgent need for the construction industry to improve its current performance to increase productivity and satisfy the complex and varying needs of project clients. To be successful, construction companies must innovate. Unfortunately, the extant literature has revealed some inertia towards innovation which in several cases is because of lack of the organisational readiness required to embrace innovation. Various models for assessing organisational readiness are proposed in the literature. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to determine the applicability of existing models for assessing the readiness of construction organisations to innovate.

Design/methodology/approach
A desk study of the extant literature was conducted to identify perspectives of readiness assessment and, based on a comparative framework, a set of readiness assessment models identified was examined to ascertain their perspectives on organisational readiness assessment.

Findings
Five models/tools of organisational readiness assessments were identified and compared based on a set of identified criteria. The comparative analysis revealed that three of the models can be used to assess the readiness of construction organisations to innovate, albeit with varied scopes of modification.

Practical implications
The paper presents an overview of readiness assessment perspectives developed through models that could help organisations in selecting the most appropriate tool to assess their readiness.

Originality/value
The paper uses a comparative framework as a basis for analysing the identified models. It further discusses the strengths and weaknesses inherent in each model noting critical areas of omission.
Is there any relation between Hofstede’s cultural dimensions and corruption in developing countries?
Authors: Guritno Danur Condro , Kurniawan Mahrus Lutfi Adi , Mangkunegara Irfan , Samudro Bhimo Rizky 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the relation between the cultural dimensions of Hofstede and corruption in developing countries.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a quantitative research approach with multiple regression analysis and quantile regression (QR) analysis.FindingsThe results showed that all cultural dimensions except power distance index (PDI) influence the level of corruption in developing countries. This study also found something interesting from the significance of the cultural dimensions of individualism and uncertainty avoidance (UAI) in the regression model. The community of developing countries tends to be collective which means that the level of corruption in the country is getting higher. The cultural dimension of UAI in developing countries is also interesting to study because of the positive relation with the Corruption Personal Index value which means it tends to be freer from corruption.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is limited to the number of samples and the scope of the Hofstede’s cultural dimensions which are limited in developing countries.Practical implicationsThe results of this research can add empirical evidence related to cultural variables and corruption, especially in developing countries.Social implicationsThis research is expected to be a reference on cultural aspect and corruption in developing countries to be studied more deeply to investigate the causes of corruption in developing countries.Originality/valueThis is a preliminary study using cultural dimension and corruption in developing countries with quantile regression (QR) as an analysis tool and can add empirical evidence about the cultural dimensions and corruption.
Formation and breakdown of the alliance between state and civic forces in post-2013 Egypt: a state-in-society approach
Authors: Hassan Mazen 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to examine why the alliance formed between non-Islamist forces and state actors to oust Mohamed Morsi from power in 2013 broke down quickly.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper makes use of original data set derived from three waves of surveys fielded in 2011, 2014 and 2015 that ask questions about public threat perception. Around 10 elite interviews were also conducted to further test the study’s hypothesis.

Findings
On the one hand, non-Islamists, civic forces challenged the status and interests of state actors in a way that made state actors view them with heightened distrust. On the other, many civic forces, in face of high threat perception, prioritized law during and order after Morsi’s removal, driven – at least partly – by shifts in public attitudes.

Originality/value
Many views look at transitions in the Arab world from the angle of how Islamists interact with traditional power holders. Such an approach, however, could be reductionist in many ways because it disregards civic forces. This is a point this paper seeks to address.
Changing to improve? Organizational change and change-oriented leadership in hospitals
Authors: Øygarden Olaug , Olsen Espen , Mikkelsen Aslaug 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to fill gaps in one’s knowledge of the impact of organizational change on two outcomes relevant to hospital service quality (performance obstacles and physician job satisfaction) and in one’s knowledge of the role of middle manager change-oriented leadership in relation to the same outcomes. Further, the authors aim to identify how physician participation in decision-making is impacted by organizational change and change-oriented leadership, as well as how it mediates the relationships between these two variables, performance obstacles and job satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a cross-sectional survey design including data from Norwegian hospital physicians (N = 556). A hypothetical model was developed based on existing theory, confirmatory factor analysis was carried out in order to ensure the validity of measurement concepts, and the structural model was estimated using structural equation modelling.FindingsThe organizational changes in question were positively related to performance obstacles both directly and indirectly through participation in decision-making. Organizational change was also negatively related to job satisfaction, both directly and indirectly. Change-oriented leadership was negatively related to performance obstacles, but only indirectly through participation in decision-making, whereas it was positively related to job satisfaction both directly and indirectly.Originality/valueThe authors developed a theoretical model based on existing theory, but to their knowledge no other studies have tested these exact relationships within one model. These findings offer insights relevant to current and ongoing developments in the healthcare field and to the question of how hospitals may deal with continuous changes in ways that could contribute positively towards outcomes relevant to service quality.
Temporary clusters: a new SME clustering management model
Authors: Deif Ahmed , Mohib Ahmed 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to explore a new model to manage small and medium enterprise (SME) clustering process that examines the geographical connectivity conditions within the existing theories on agglomeration. The presented work explores the dynamics governing the decisions related to both the duration and frequency of the different forms of these new clusters.

Design/methodology/approach
A clustering configurator tool is developed to assist managers for the best temporary cluster model. The configurator considers aspects related to the market, industry and classical clustering requirements as well as social capital (SC). Finally, the performance of various temporary clusters under different demand scenarios and operational conditions are studied using numerical simulation.

Findings
The results examined the performance of the new clusters under various internal and external defining indicators against potential economic growth, technology spillover and the new metric of SC. The results offered interesting observations suggesting various recommendations to promote these new models to SMEs as well as how to better manage them.

Research limitations/implications
The presented results are understood in the context of the suggested settings of relationships and scoring weights.

Practical implications
The new form of clusters will help SMEs overcome the feasibility challenge when considering re-locating to existing clusters while reaping many of these clusters benefits. Furthermore, different recommendations for management aimed at enhancing clustering decisions and the efficiency of SMEs in these new setups are presented.

Originality/value
This paper suggests a new clustering management approach that capitalizes on the temporal domain rather than classical space or the digital clusters domains. Also, a new management concept called dynamic matching is suggested. SC is considered among clustering objectives which was disregarded in similar studies.
Financial resilience of English local government in the aftermath of COVID-19
Authors: Ahrens Thomas , Ferry Laurence 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe financial resilience of local authorities has been a serious concern over the past decade due to austerity and its effects on local government budgets despite rising service demands. More recently, the scale and suddenness of the shock from COVID-19 has exacerbated problems of financial resilience. This paper explores the financial management responses required by a sudden, nationwide pandemic of such severity.Design/methodology/approachThis paper applies the concept of financial resilience to English local government to analyse their situation in the aftermath of COVID-19. It is based on a close reading of official reports and the news media.FindingsLocal authority’s financial resilience could deal with normal levels of risk arising from austerity. However, the seriousness of COVID-19 alongside pressures still emanating from Brexit requires a significant level of central government support. This is critical as local government is expected to underpin future economic growth of the UK as well as deliver an important social response. Presently, the financial framework for funding individual local authorities through central government in terms of COVID-19 support is not on a reliable footing to answer specific demands. This can lead to gaming and perverse incentives.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to connect the financial resilience in the local government framework with the required central government funding procedures for sudden nationwide crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. It identifies the need to define what effect key variables, such as local government financial reserves, local deprivation indices and anticipatory financial management practices in local government should have on the determination of central government aid for individual local authorities.
Self adaptive fruit fly algorithm for multiple workflow scheduling in cloud computing environment
Authors: Aggarwal Ambika , Dimri Priti , Agarwal Amit , Bhatt Ashutosh 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
In general, cloud computing is a model of on-demand business computing that grants a convenient access to shared configurable resources on the internet. With the increment of workload and difficulty of tasks that are submitted by cloud consumers; “how to complete these tasks effectively and rapidly with limited cloud resources?” is becoming a challenging question. The major point of a task scheduling approach is to identify a trade-off among user needs and resource utilization. However, tasks that are submitted by varied users might have diverse needs of computing time, memory space, data traffic, response time, etc. This paper aims to proposes a new way of task scheduling.

Design/methodology/approach
To make the workflow completion in an efficient way and to reduce the cost and flow time, this paper proposes a new way of task scheduling. Here, a self-adaptive fruit fly optimization algorithm (SA-FFOA) is used for scheduling the workflow. The proposed multiple workflow scheduling model compares its efficiency over conventional methods in terms of analysis such as performance analysis, convergence analysis and statistical analysis. From the outcome of the analysis, the betterment of the proposed approach is proven with effective workflow scheduling.

Findings
The proposed algorithm is more superior regarding flow time with the minimum value, and the proposed model is enhanced over FFOA by 0.23%, differential evolution by 2.48%, artificial bee colony (ABC) by 2.85%, particle swarm optimization (PSO) by 2.46%, genetic algorithm (GA) by 2.33% and expected time to compute (ETC) by 2.56%. While analyzing the make span case, the proposed algorithm is 0.28%, 0.15%, 0.38%, 0.20%, 0.21% and 0.29% better than the conventional methods such as FFOA, DE, ABC, PSO, GA and ETC, respectively. Moreover, the proposed model has attained less cost, which is 2.14% better than FFOA, 2.32% better than DE, 3.53% better than ABC, 2.43% better than PSO, 2.07% better than GA and 2.90% better than ETC, respectively.

Originality/value
This paper presents a new way of task scheduling for making the workflow completion in an efficient way and for reducing the cost and flow time. This is the first paper uses SA-FFOA for scheduling the workflow.
Whistleblowing by auditors: the role of professional commitment and independence commitment
Authors: Tuan Mansor Tuan Mastiniwati , Mohamad Ariff Akmalia , Hashim Hafiza Aishah 
Published: August 2020

PurposeDespite various regulatory frameworks to combat unethical conduct, fraud and corruption remain alarmingly high. While whistleblowing is an important mechanism to identify and prevent unethical conduct, there is a lack of empirical studies on this issue in the Malaysian context, especially whistleblowing within the audit firms. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine the whistleblowing intention of external auditors in Malaysia and the factors influencing this intention.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using a structured questionnaire that was sent by post to external auditors throughout Malaysia. Participants were selected using a convenience non-probability sampling technique. A total of 274 responses were analyzed. SmartPLS version 3.2.8 was used for the analysis.FindingsProfessional commitment and independence commitment had a positive influence on whistleblowing intention, supporting the argument that professional factors can increase the intention of the external auditors to whistleblow. Perceived behavioural control had a positive relationship with whistleblowing intention, while there is no evidence to indicate that attitude and subjective norms influence whistleblowing intention.Originality/valueThis study explored whistleblowing among external auditors in Malaysia by focussing on the professional factors of professional commitment and independence commitment, which were hypothesized to be key factors in intention to whistleblow. These factors were incorporated with a multi-component of attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control, which were derived from the theory of planned behaviour. The findings have implications for the auditing profession because they provide a better understanding of the factors that influence the whistleblowing intention of external auditors.
Is value premium sector-specific? Evidence from India
Authors: Tripathi Vanita , Aggarwal Priti 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis paper is an attempt to explore the fact that whether the literature-promised value premium has any sector orientation. The paper tests the relationship between the value premium and Indian sectors: fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG), financials, healthcare, information technology (IT), manufacturing and miscellaneous.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyses around 210–480 companies listed on BSE-500 for the period of the recent 18 years ranging from March 1999 to March 2017. The paper employed Welch's ANOVA to examine whether the price-to-book market ratio is significantly different across sectors. Two prominent asset pricing models – single factor market model and Fama–French three-factor model – were used to examine the existence of value premium within sectors for full period and two sub-periods.FindingsThe empirical results of the paper suggest that the difference in the P/B ratio both between sectors and within sectors is statistically significant. The results further suggest that the value premium exists within the sectors irrespective of their value-growth orientation.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is not free from certain limitations. Firstly, due to the non-availability of data in the public domain, the time period before 1999 could not be considered. Secondly, the study has used data pertaining to the Indian stock market only. To add to it, our study has concentrated on BSE-500 companies only; however, the future researchers can include both NSE and BSE companies.Practical implicationsThe paper has important implications for portfolio managers and retail investors following a top-down approach of investing. The portfolio manager can strategically build up the portfolios to concentrate more on the companies belonging to sectors like healthcare, manufacturing and FMCG. Investors following the top-down approach should avoid the underperforming growth stocks belonging to the growth sectors and allocate their funds to value stocks in the growth sector.Originality/valueThe paper is first of its kind to study the relationship between the value premium and Indian sectors. The paper contributes to portfolio management and asset pricing literature for an emerging market.
Effectiveness of day treatment for eating disorders: are improvements maintained at 12-month follow-up?
Authors: Hepburn Zoë Meropi , Rothwell Emily Rose 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a specialist UK day treatment programme (DTP), in terms of whether improvements in eating disorder symptomology and psychosocial impairment achieved at discharge were maintained at 6-month and 12-month follow-ups.Design/methodology/approachA total of 69 patients (aged 16+) with eating disorders who had received treatment in the DTP were reviewed at 6-month and 12-month follow-ups, using demographic, physiological and psychological measures. Quantitative outcomes were analysed using one-way repeated measures analysis of variance.FindingsData analysis revealed that significant improvements in eating disordered attitudes, body mass index (among underweight participants), binge frequency (among participants with those symptoms) and psychosocial impairment achieved at discharge, were also maintained at 6-month and 12-month follow-ups, and with large effect sizes. All hypotheses were supported, with the exception that frequency of vomiting symptoms had deteriorated at the 12-month follow-up and was no longer significantly different from vomiting frequency on admission.Originality/valueResults provide support for the sustained effectiveness of DTPs in improving eating disorder symptoms and psychosocial impairment associated with eating disorders. This is the first study to evaluate the effectiveness of a UK DTP for adults at maintaining improvements to eating disorder symptoms and attitudes at follow-up.