bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An update on hemilaminectomy of the cranial thoracic spine: Review of six cases
Authors: Bray Kathryn Y. , Early Peter J. , Olby Natasha J. , Lewis Melissa J. 
Published: June 2020

Background: The optimal surgical approach to relieve spinal cord compression in the cranial thoracic spine is not well described, and the anatomy of the cranial thoracic vertebrae creates added surgical difficulty.Aim: This study describes the surgical approach, treatment, and outcome of three dogs and three cats that underwent a cranial thoracic hemilaminectomy for the treatment of extradural spinal cord compression. Surgical positioning was tailored to avoid extensive dissection and provide for a restricted, careful approach.Methods: Three dogs and three cats presenting for cranial thoracic spinal cord compression requiring surgical intervention were included.Results: All patients were discharged within 5 days. No patients experienced postoperative deterioration in neurologic status, and four animals had improved neurologic status at discharge.Conclusion: In cases with cranial thoracic spinal cord compression, the spinous processes can be spared, extensive muscle dissection minimized, and successful outcomes achieved with the appropriate positioning and limited approach.
Keywords: Hemilaminectomy, Intervertebral Disc Disease, Myelopathy, Thoracic.
AN ANALYSIS ON THE STRATEGY OF TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS OF READING SKILL AT MATHAYUM ISLAM BACHOK WITTAYA SCHOOL THAILAND
Authors: Sariakin  
Published: June 2020

The researcher discusses about the strategy of teaching and learning Process that is done by a teacher. The strategy is the ability of a teacher to design the learning environment and the talents of its students become better, focused, and organized so that time can be used efficiently. This research aims (1) to find out how the teaching and learning process of reading skill is applied by the English teachers of Mathayum Islam Bachok Wittaya School is, and (2) to find out how the impact of the strategy that is applied by English teachers Mathayum Islam Bachok Wittaya for the students’ ability in mastering reading texts is. The design used in this research is descriptive research. Thus, this research belongs to qualitative research because only describes the strategy that is used by the teachers in conducting teaching and learning process of reading skill at the school. The subjects of this research were two teachers who teach English. The instruments that was used to collect data were observation, interview, and documentation. The data gotten was analyzed by narration procedure and discussion. The result of research showed the teachers used to use various strategies that aimed to make the students not bored. Although the teachers used to use various strategies, the teachers usually used jigsaw technique in teaching and learning process. The strategy that was applied the teachers of Mathayum Islam Bachok Wittaya School in teaching and learning process of reading skill was effective. Thus, the strategy that was used by the teachers had a good impact for the students’ ability in mastering reading text. It was proven that the students’ average score in mastering reading skill after teaching in learning process was 80 and it was higher than the standard score. Meanwhile, the standard score of reading skill was 75 at the school.
A new way to identify thin sheet behaviour: Micro-InDef
Authors: Malecot Pierrick Malecot , Hapsari Gemala , Thibaud Sebastien , Richard Fabrice 
Published: June 2020

Incremental forming is a rapid prototyping process which uses a forming tool toform a sheet metal according to a predetermined trajectory. In this work, a micro incremental deformation test (Micro InDef test) derived from the principle of single point incremental sheet forming is developed and proposed. A complex mechanical loading is applied and has a strong potential for the identication of inelastic behavior using inverse method. In the rst part, this work addresses the parameters identication and validation procedures of ductile damage behavior of ultra-thin sheet metal under very large strain during this instrumented Micro InDef test. An inverse nite element method based on the comparison between numerical and experimental axial forming forces of the micro incremental deformation test is employed to extract a coupled ductile damaged plastic model. In the second part, the objective is to prove the reliability of ductile damage parameters identication using forming force. The richness of data contained in forming force is quantied and compared to the one from tensile test. Firstly, the verication of the estimated parameter's reliability is done via a simple analysis based on the forming force sensitivity to material parameters and secondly by calculating elastoplastic and elastoplastic with ductile damage.
NILAI FILOSOFIS DAN TATA CARA PEMBANGUNAN "PELINGGIH GEDONG SAREN"
Authors: Suardana I Nyoman Gde , Aryawan I Wayan , Widiyani Desak Made Sukma 
Published: June 2020

The concept of Bali Building is still a tourist attraction not only for tourists but also various researchers who want to explore the meaning and function of the building. It can not be denied that the beauty of Balinese buildings is one of the factors that make up the natural beauty of Bali including the religious atmosphere in it. The house as the most dominant building in a residential area, also has its own characteristics in Bali. Rumah Bali can certainly have a place / means of worship commonly called Sanggah / Merajan. Even according to the Hindu concept, Sanggah / Merajan is the most important building in a house / residence.
Pelinggih Gedong Saren is one part of Sanggah / Merajan. This building is an ancestral heritage that needs to be developed and preserved. Until now, the manuscripts that talk about Pelinggih Gedong Saren in particular are quite rare. So it is very necessary to conduct a special study on Pelinggih Gedong Saren so that later can be used as a consideration in the planning or making Pelinggih Gedong Saren in a Merajan or Sanggah. There are still many secrets and uniqueness in Pelinggih Gedong Saren, which notabena is an important building in the holy place of Hindu family.
This research is a descriptive reasearch, which is intended for exploration and clarification of a phenomenon or social reality, by describing a number of variables concerning the problem and the unit under investigation. This type of research is not intended to attract a generation that causes a symptom or a social reality. Therefore, this study does not use and do not perform hypothesis testing because it is not intended to build and develop theory treasury.
This study uses two types of data, namely primary and secondary. Primary data obtained from the results of research into the object (field) obtained directly through interview / interview and also observation. While the secondary data obtained from the study of literature, literature and lontar associated with this research. Furthermore, the analysis is done by descriptive analysis method that is a technique that try to describe and describe a problem (research variable) to be an analysis that able to explain each problem (research variable) is clear.
In the future, the development of tourism will depend on the Spirit of Tourism itself. For Bali, known as the world's best destination, culture, customs, as well as the uniqueness of Bali that breathes Hinduism is the spirit of tourism itself. Understanding the meaning of each building that is a supporter of beauty and has an important function in the religious life of society is the long-term goal of this research.
Keywords: philosophical values, development, gedong saren.
TREATMENT OF TUMORS PANCREATODUODENAL ZONE, COMPLICATED BY OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE USING BILIARY DECOMPRESSION
Authors: Veligotsky N. , Arutyunov S. , Balaka S. , Chebotarev A. 
Published: June 2020

The aim of the research. To develop an algorithm for the two-stage treatment of patients with tumors pancreatoduodenal zone complicated by obstructive jaundice using biliary decompression techniques at the first stage and conducting pancreatoduodenal resection at the second stage of treatment.
Materials and methods. Preliminary biliary decompression was conducted in 51 patients with prolonged obstructive jaundice and high bilirubin numbers (above 250 μmol/l). The following minimally invasive options were used for biliary decompression: percutaneous transhepatic cholangio-drainage in 21 (41.2 %), endoscopic stenting in 18 (35.3 %), various cholecystostomy (percutaneous transhepatic, contact, video laparoscopic) in 12 (25, 8 %) patients. A two-stage method has been developed for the treatment of pancreatic tumors complicated by obstructive jaundice.
Results. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangio-drainage was performed under ultrasound-X-ray navigation — in 11 (52.4 %), under angiographic control — in 10 (47.6 %) patients. Endoscopic stenting was performed in 18 (35.3 %) patients; plastic stents were used. Three options were used for pancreatojejunoanastomos: invagination ductopancreatojejunal — in 31 (60.8 %), invagination pancreatojejunal — in 16 (31.4 %), pancreatojejunal with bandage plasty of the crescent ligament of the liver — in 4 (7.8 %) patients. Diagnosis of pancreatic fistula was carried out according to the classification of ISGPF (2016). Biochemical leak was observed in 3 (5.9 %), pancreatic fistula (type B) in 2 (3.9 %) patients. Post-operative gastrostasis was detected in 3 (5.9 %) patients.
Conclusions. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangio-drainage and endoscopic stenting are the most effective methods of biliary decompression. The use of biliary decompression in patients with pancreatic tumors complicated by the development of obstructive jaundice allows patients to prepare for the execution of PDR with reduced perioperative risk.
Field observations of soil hydrological flow path evolution over 10 millennia
Authors: Hartmann Anne , Semenova Ekaterina , Weiler Markus , Blume Theresa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Preferential flow strongly controls water flow and transport in soils.
It is ubiquitous but difficult to characterize and predict. This study addresses the occurrence and the evolution of preferential flow during the evolution of landscapes and here specifically during the evolution of hillslopes.
We targeted a chronosequence of glacial moraines in the Swiss Alps to investigate how water flow paths evolve along with the soil-forming processes.
Dye tracer irrigation experiments with a Brilliant Blue FCF solution (4 g L−1) were conducted on four moraines of different ages (30, 160, 3000, and 10 000 years).
At each moraine, three dye tracer experiments were conducted on plots of 1.5 m ×1.0 m.
The three plots at each moraine were characterized by different vegetation complexities (low, medium, and high). Each plot was further divided into three equal subplots for the application of three different irrigation amounts (20, 40, and 60 mm) with an average irrigation intensity of 20 mm h−1.
The day after the experiment five vertical soil sections were excavated, and the stained flow paths were photographed. Digital image analysis was used to derive average infiltration depths and flow path characteristics such as the volume and surface density of the dye patterns. Based on the volume density, the observed dye patterns were assigned to specific flow type categories.
The results show a significant change in the type of preferential flow paths along the chronosequence. The flow types change from a rather homogeneous matrix flow in coarse material with high conductivities and a sparse vegetation cover at the youngest moraine to a heterogeneous infiltration pattern at the medium-age moraines. Heterogeneous matrix and finger flow are dominant at these intermediate age classes. At the oldest moraine only macropore flow via root channels was observed in deeper parts of the soil, in combination with a very high water storage capacity of the organic top layer and low hydraulic conductivity of the deeper soil. In general, we found an increase in water storage with increasing age of the moraines, based on our observations of the reduction in infiltration depth as well as laboratory measurements of porosity. Preferential flow is, however, not only caused by macropores, but especially for the medium-age moraine, it seems to be mainly initiated by soil surface characteristics (vegetation patches and microtopography).
Verzet onder juristen tegen ‘onrechtvaardig recht’ in de Tweede Wereldoorlog, in het bijzonder tegen de antisemitische maatregelen van de bezetter
Authors: Jansen C.J.H. (Corjo) 
Published: June 2020

Verzet onder juristen tegen ‘onrechtvaardig recht’ in de Tweede Wereldoorlog
Na de bevrijding ontstond al snel het beeld dat ‘de’ Nederlanders zich tijdens de oorlog heldhaftig hadden verzet tegen de Jodenvervolging en het nationaalsocialistische onrecht. De naoorlogse berichten over de moord op meer dan 102.000 Nederlandse Joden brachten dit zelfbeeld nauwelijks aan het wankelen. Dat werd anders, toen in de jaren zestig van de vorige eeuw bleek dat de nazi’s gedurende de Tweede Wereldoorlog uit geen enkel land in West-Europa zo veel Joden hadden gedeporteerd en omgebracht als uit Nederland. Deze bijdrage staat stil bij het verzet van Nederlandse juristen tegen onrechtvaardig recht, in het bijzonder tegen de antisemitische maatregelen.
Eichmanns verdediging in Jeruzalem
Authors: Rozemond N. (Klaas) 
Published: June 2020

Eichmanns verdediging in Jeruzalem
Adolf Eichmann is het duidelijkste voorbeeld van het prototype van de verdachte die zich als gehoorzame dader presenteerde. In dit artikel wordt een overzicht gegeven van het daderperspectief zoals Eichmann dat op de zitting in Jeruzalem schetste. Betoogd wordt dat in het licht van het vonnis van de Rechtbank Jeruzalem uit 1961 en de kennis van nu, dat perspectief als een vorm van misleiding kan worden beschouwd.
Usefulness of dermoscopy in the diagnosis and monitoring treatment of demodicidosis
Authors: Friedman Paula , Cohen Sabban Emilia , Cabo Horacio 
Published: June 2020

Demodicidosis is a common infestation and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of recurrent or recalcitrant perioral dermatitis or rosacea-like eruptions of the face. We report on a 34-year-old male, who presented with facial erythema and desquamation accompanied by a pruritic sensation. Dermoscopic examination revealed Demodex tails and Demodex follicular openings, both specific features of this entity. Microscopically, standardized skin surface biopsy test was pathogenic and the patient had positive response to anti-demodectic drugs.
To our knowledge, a few reports of the dermatoscopic features of demodicidosis have been published in the literature. Dermoscopy offers a potential new option for a real-time validation of Demodex infestation and a useful tool for monitoring treatment.
Arborizing vessels in a targetoid hemosiderotic hemangioma: mistaken dermoscopic diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Enei Maria Leonor , Paschoal Francisco , Valdes Rodrigo 
Published: June 2020

Targetoid hemosiderotic hemangioma (THH) or hobnail hemangioma (HH) is a benign vascular lesion that presents with the classical clinical presentation of a ring-shaped tumor having a targetoid appearance, with a central purple-brown papule surrounded by a thin pale area and an ecchymotic ring on the outside. Dermoscopic features and patterns of HH have been documented and have proven to be sufficient to establish a clinical diagnosis in many cases.
We present a facial lesion in which both the clinical presentation and dermoscopy were atypical. The presence of arborizing vessels in the dermoscopic pattern, never before described for this lesion, led us to the diagnosis of basocellular carcinoma (BCC). We also report the changes in this pattern experienced over 12 months of progression and their correlation with the histopathologic findings.
Serum Total 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Patients With Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma: A Case-Control Study in a Low-Risk Southern European Population
Authors: Befon Angeliki , Katoulis Alexander C. , Georgala Sofia , Katsampas Andreas , Chardalia Vasiliki , Melpidou Aggeliki , Tzanetakou Vasiliki , Chasapi Vasiliki , Polydorou Dorothea , Desinioti Clio , Plaka Micaela , Rigopoulos Dimitris , Stratigos Alexandros J. 
Published: June 2020

Background: Recent data have shown an inverse association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and incidence of several cancers, including cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). In addition, lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels have been associated with thicker or higher stage melanomas and worse survival in observational studies.
Materials and Methods: Ninety-nine patients diagnosed with primary CMM and 97 matched healthy controls entered the study. Demographic characteristics, risk factors for CMM, and clinical and histological characteristics were recorded for patients with primary CMM. Total serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of melanoma patients measured by fully automated chemiluminescent vitamin D total immunoassay (Elecsys vitamin D total, Roche) at the time of diagnosis were compared with those of healthy controls. In addition, we tested the association of serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels at melanoma diagnosis with known risk and prognostic factors for CMM.
Results: Of the melanoma patients, 49 (49.49%) had deficient serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (<20 ng/mL), 23 (23.23%) had insufficient levels (21-29 ng/mL), and 27 (27.27%) had adequate levels (>30 ng/mL). The median serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were significantly lower in melanoma patients (20.62 ng/mL) compared with healthy controls (24.71 ng/mL), but statistical significance was not reached (chi-square test, P = 0.051) No statistically significant association was found between serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and demographic characteristics; risk factors for CMM; prognostic factors, such as Breslow thickness and ulceration; as well as clinical characteristics, such as melanoma stage, clinical type, and location.
Conclusions: Lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were found in our Greek cohort of melanoma patients compared with healthy controls, without reaching, however, statistical significance; these levels were not statistically associated with established risk and prognostic factors for CMM.
Immunohistochemical Evaluation and Clinicopathological Correlation of Mer and Axl Tyrosine Kinase TAM Receptors in Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Pontara Andrea , Paolino Giovanni , Gregorc Vanesa , Mercuri Santo Raffaele , Bulotta Alessandra , Bearzi Pietro , Doglioni Claudio , Rizzo Nathalie 
Published: June 2020

Background: Malignant melanoma (MM) is potentially the most dangerous form of skin tumor. In the last few years, the so-called TAM receptors, a unique family of tyrosine kinase (TK) receptors, have become increasingly important.
Objectives: To evaluate Mer and Axl TAM receptor expression to find clinicopathological features that could explain the biological behavior of MM.
Patients and Methods: Clinicopathological data were obtained from an MM electronic database at our Institute. We reviewed 24 cutaneous MM specimens. TAM receptor expression was assayed using immunohistochemistry. Combinative semiquantitative scoring was used for the evaluation of TAM receptor expression (MerTK and AxlTK). Appropriate statistical methods were used to evaluate a possible correlation between TAM receptor expression and the clinicopathological variables of the MM samples (univariate analysis and multivariate analysis).
Results: MerTK and AxlTK were expressed differently in the MM samples, with a major expression of the first receptor. The cells of the tumor microenvironment contributed to the majority of the total score. A significant association was found between AxlScore and the site of the tumor and between AxlScore and the variable ulceration; another correlation was found between MerScore and the following characteristics: pathological stage of the tumor (pT), sex, ulceration, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.
Conclusions: All correlations between the expression of MerTK and AxlTK with the clinical and histological variables of MM should be validated in a large group of people in order to increase the validity and the impact of our observations, with subsequently therapeutic implications in the era of the “targeted therapy.”
Efficacy of Topical Finasteride 0.5% vs 17α-Estradiol 0.05% in the Treatment of Postmenopausal Female Pattern Hair Loss: A Retrospective, Single-Blind Study of 119 Patients
Authors: Rossi Alfredo , Magri Francesca , D'Arino Andrea , Pigliacelli Flavia , Muscianese Marta , Leoncini Pierpaolo , Caro Gemma , Federico Alessandro , Fortuna Maria Caterina , Carlesimo Marta 
Published: June 2020

Background and Objectives: Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is a common form of scalp hair loss that occurs in 38% of females. Currently, minoxidil solution is the only therapy approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, but many other treatments are used, including cyproterone acetate, spironolactone, topical 17α-estradiol, and prostaglandin analogs. Systemic finasteride has been considered a treatment option in women even though its teratogenic effects tend to limit its prescription. Recently, topical finasteride has been evaluated to limit the side effect profile of the drug. The objective of the present study is to compare retrospectively the efficacy of topical 0.05% 17α-estradiol solution and a 0.5% finasteride lotion in the treatment of FPHL.
Patients and Methods: We enrolled 119 postmenopausal female patients. The first group comprised 69 women treated with finasteride 0.5% and minoxidil 2%. The second group included 50 women treated with 17α-estradiol 0.05% and minoxidil 2%. At baseline and at 6- and 12- to 18-month follow-up, global photographs were systematically taken. Three operators blind to the prescribed treatment evaluated photographs using a 7-point scale. One-way analysis of variance and unpaired Student t tests were performed to analyze 7-point scale scores.
Results: The improvement was statistically significant from 6 months to 12-18 months, both for finasteride (P < 0.005) and 17α-estradiol (P < 0.05). The efficacy of topical finasteride was significantly greater than that of 17α-estradiol solution, both at the 6-month (P < 0.05) and at the 12- to 18-month follow-up (P < 0.005). In general, the highest improvement was observed after 12-18 months of treatment with topical finasteride therapy.
Conclusions: Topical finasteride 0.5% in combination with minoxidil 2% could represent a valid therapeutic option for the treatment of postmenopausal FPHL, showing higher efficacy than topical 17α-estradiol with minoxidil 2% both at 6-month and 12- to 18-month follow-up.