bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective and Health-Related Factors Contributing to Resilience Among Student Veterans: A Classification Approach
Authors: Kinney Adam R. , Schmid Arlene A. , Henry Kimberly L. , Coatsworth J. Douglas , Eakman Aaron M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Importance: Occupational therapists can foster student veterans’ resilience, but targets for intervention must be developed.
Objective: To explain factors influencing student veterans’ successful adaptation to past combat exposure, we hypothesized that participants with high life meaning would have greater levels of protective factors and lower levels of health conditions than those with low life meaning.
Design: Longitudinal panel study with two measurements. Participants were classified by level of combat exposure (high–low) and life meaning (high–low) at follow-up, yielding four possible classifications (e.g., resilient group: high combat exposure, high life meaning). Linear mixed models were fit to obtain adjusted means of protective factors and health conditions for each classification; independent-samples t tests were used to examine differences between classifications.
Setting: Community.
Participants: Convenience sample of 153 combat-exposed student veterans.
Outcomes and Measures: Psychometrically sound measures of combat exposure, life meaning, protective factors (social and instructor autonomy support, coping ability, academic self-efficacy, social–community participation, and meaningful activity), and health conditions (posttraumatic stress [PTSD], depression, somatic symptoms).
Results: Groups with high life meaning at follow-up in response to both levels of combat exposure reported greater meaningful activity and coping ability and fewer depressive symptoms. Participants with high life meaning in response to low combat exposure had greater social support and fewer somatic symptoms; participants with high life meaning in response to high combat exposure had lower PTSD.
Conclusions and Relevance: Occupational therapists may foster student veterans’ resilience by promoting meaningful activity, social support, and coping ability while managing symptoms of health conditions.
What This Article Adds: To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to offer empirical support for potential targets of occupational therapy intervention that address student veterans’ successful adaptation to combat exposure. Findings suggest that researchers should develop and test interventions that facilitate successful engagement in meaningful and shared activities and that occupational therapists should work within multidisciplinary teams to bolster coping ability and manage symptoms of combat-related health conditions.
Recovery Programs for People With Mental Illness in Taiwan: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Chang Yen-Ching , Chen Ming-De , Pickett Susan A. , Chen Po See , Su Wen-Chen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Importance: Most recovery programs have been developed in Western countries. This study explores the cultural adaptation of a recovery program to a non-Western country.
Objective: To test the feasibility of a recovery group developed for people with mental illness in Taiwan.
Design: Mixed-methods feasibility study.
Setting: Community psychiatric rehabilitation center in southern Taiwan.
Participants: Twenty-four people with mental illness living in the community.
Intervention: The authors designed a recovery group based on the Pathways to Recovery program and the mental health recovery literature. The curriculum included two phases: recovery profile and recovery plan. The group gathered for a 1-hr session once a week for 18 wk.
Outcomes and Measures: Outcomes were assessed preintervention, mid-intervention, and postintervention. Data collected included Stages of Recovery Scale (SRS) scores, course assessments, and course discussions.
Results: Most participants were satisfied with the recovery program and its implementation. Scores on the Social Functioning/Role Performance subscale of the SRS showed a medium to large effect size (r = .36) for the Recovery Stage 1–3 subsample (n = 16).
Conclusion and Relevance: This study affirmed the feasibility of a recovery group for people with mental illness in Taiwan. Prospective randomized controlled trials should be used to verify recovery groups’ effectiveness.
What This Article Adds: Recovery programs tailored to people with mental illness in non-Western countries may need more examples and longer sessions to enable participants to fully understand and implement the concepts of recovery.
Impact of Recreational and Medicinal Cannabinoids on Quality of Life and Occupation: A Scoping Review
Authors: Hunnicutt Carlneshia M. , Longpré Sheila M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Importance: Cannabinoids are at the center of much interest and controversy within health care and society. However, minimal research has investigated the impact of cannabinoids on quality of life (QoL) and occupation.
Objective: The literature suggests that cannabinoids may have therapeutic potential, although the available research is limited. A scoping review was conducted to address the gap in the literature regarding the impact of recreational and medicinal cannabinoids on QoL and occupational engagement.
Data Sources: Databases searched included Ovid and CINAHL; sources derived from a manual search of reference lists were also used. Of the 691 articles that were identified, 22 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Study Selection and Data Collection: This scoping review was conducted in accordance with Arksey and O’Malley’s five stages. Inclusion criteria included English language, clear focus or description on the impact of nonsynthetic cannabinoids on QoL and occupation, and published between January 2011 and May 2019. Exclusion criteria included minors, single case studies, animal studies, antineoplastic articles, and articles that only discussed or investigated effects of synthetic cannabinoids.
Findings: The findings were inconclusive, and the primary research that emerged from the literature investigated the effects of cannabinoids on pain management, sleep, appetite, and other physiological functions in both recreational and medicinal users.
Conclusions and Relevance: The findings derived from the literature raised more questions, and further research is warranted. Occupational therapy practitioners have an opportunity to use their knowledge and skills to address the impact of cannabinoids on occupational engagement and QoL.
What This Article Adds: Practitioners have the opportunity to provide education regarding cannabis use and monitor how it affects occupational engagement and QoL for both recreational and medicinal users.
Incidence of Pseudotumors in a Dual Modular Stem Construct With and Without Metal-on-Metal Bearing Surface
Authors: Rahman Tahsin M. , Frisch Nicholas B. , Darrith Brian , Patel Ishan , Silverton Craig D. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of pseudotumors in metal-on-metal (MoM) titanium modular neck hip arthroplasties to non-MoM modular neck hip arthroplasties. A secondary goal was to determine whether a correlation exists between elevated metal concentrations and pseudotumor incidence.

Methods:
The data were collected and evaluated from 49 MoM joints and 26 non-MoM joints between the years 2012 and 2017. Hip ultrasonography was done after a minimum of 5 years postimplantation. Whole serum metal (titanium, cobalt, and chromium) concentrations were measured at the hip ultrasonography study.

Results:
The average time elapsed between surgery and ultrasonography visit was 7.6 years. In the 49 patients with MoM joints, 22.4% (n = 11) had a pseudotumor. In the 26 patients with non-MoM joints, 9.1% of metal-on-polyethylene hips (n = 1) and 0% of ceramic-on-ceramic/polyethylene hips developed a pseudotumor. No significant statistical correlation was observed between serum metal concentrations and pseudotumor formation (P > 0.05). A significant correlation was observed of serum titanium concentration to pseudotumor size (P = 0.024).

Conclusion:
The incidence of pseudotumor formation in MoM total hip arthroplasties was more than five times the incidence associated with non-MoM bearings. The correlation between serum titanium concentration and pseudotumor size suggests that titanium levels may be a useful indicator for pseudotumor formation in patients with this particular titanium modular neck femoral implant. No notable correlation was observed between serum cobalt and chromium concentration and pseudotumor formation or size.
Notable Variability in Opioid-prescribing Practices After Common Orthopaedic Procedures
Authors: Traven Sophia A. , Brinton Daniel L. , Woolf Shane K. , Leddy Lee R. , Gottschalk Michael B. , Slone Harris S. 
Published: June 2020

Introduction:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate nationwide trends and regional variability in opioid prescriptions after common orthopaedic procedures.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of privately insured subjects from the MarketScan database between 2015 and 2016 was conducted. Median oral morphine equivalents and interquartile ranges were analyzed by region for the initial post-op prescriptions and 90-day total prescriptions for opioid-naive patients undergoing the following: carpal tunnel release; anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; arthroscopic meniscectomy; bimalleolar ankle fracture open reduction and internal fixation; distal radius fracture open reduction and internal fixation; arthroscopic rotator cuff repair; single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion; and total shoulder, hip, and knee arthroplasties. We hypothesized that notable regional variability exists with postoperative narcotic prescribing habits.

Results:
Seventy three thousand nine hundred twenty-one opioid-naive patients were identified. A notable regional variability was observed across the United States in the prescriptions given for all procedures, except total joint arthroplasty. Furthermore, although patients undergoing soft-tissue–only procedures required the fewest refills, patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty required the most.

Discussion:
Notable regional variability exisits in opioid prescribing patterns for many common orthopaedic procedures. Furthermore, prescriptions were smallest in the region most affected by the opioid epidemic. This information can be used to re-evaluate recommendations, serve as a benchmark for surgeons, and develop institutional and quality improvement guidelines to reduce excess postoperative opioid prescriptions.

Level of Evidence:
Level III observational cohort study
Underweight Patients Are the Greatest Risk Body Mass Index Group for 30-Day Perioperative Adverse Events After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Ottesen Taylor D. , Hsiang Walter R. , Malpani Rohil , Nicholson Allen D. , Varthi Arya G. , Rubin Lee E. , Grauer Jonathan N. 
Published: June 2020

Introduction:
Existing literature investigating the correlation of body mass index (BMI) with surgical complications has focused on those with elevated BMI. These investigations have reported mixed conclusions, possible because of insufficient power, poor controlling of confounding variables, and inconsistent definitions of BMI categories (eg, underweight, overweight, and varying classifications of obese). Few studies have considered complications of patients with low BMI. The aim of the current study was to analyze the spectrum of categories for BMI with 30-day perioperative adverse events after primary total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) to better assess where along the BMI spectrum patients are at risk for complications.

Methods:
Patients undergoing elective TSA were abstracted from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) databases from 2005 to 2016. Patients were then aggregated into BMI categories, and 30-day adverse events were normalized to average risk of normal-weight subjects (BMI 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2). Risk-adjusted multivariate regressions were performed, controlling for demographic variables and overall health.

Results:
In total, 15,717 patients met the inclusion criteria. Underweight TSA patients (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) had the greatest odds for multiple perioperative adverse events compared with any other BMI category. By multivariate analysis, underweight patients were more likely to experience any adverse event (odds ratio [OR] = 2.22, P = 0.034), serious adverse events (OR = 3.18, P = 0.004), or have postoperative infections (OR = 2.77, P = 0.012) within 30 days when compared with normal-weight patients. No significant difference was observed in these complications for elevated BMI categories when compared with normal-weight patients.

Conclusions:
Only underweight TSA patients were found to have higher rates of 30-day perioperative adverse events than normal BMI patients, unlike any overweight/obese category including the super morbidly obese. Underweight TSA patients were thus identified as an at-risk subpopulation of TSA patients who had not previously been described. Physicians and healthcare systems should give additional consideration to this fragile cohort because they often already do for those at the other end of the BMI spectrum.

Level of Evidence:
III
Does a Career in Orthopaedic Surgery Affect a Woman's Fertility?
Authors: Poon Selina , Luong Marilan , Hargett Damayea , Lorimer Shannon , Nguyen Cynthia , Payares Monica , Friedman Samara 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Orthopaedic surgery lags behind other specialties in the recruitment of women. Concerns about fertility, pregnancy, and childbearing may be a deterrent to women when considering orthopaedic surgery as a specialty.

Methods:
An anonymous 168-item survey was distributed to the members of Ruth Jackson Orthopedic Society and the Women in Orthopaedics, an online group exclusive to female orthopaedic surgeons. Respondents were queried regarding family planning, contraceptive length of use, fertility, perinatal work habits, age and stage at each pregnancy, pregnancy complications, and miscarriages.

Results:
Eight hundred one surveys were collected. Seven hundred fifty (94%) expressed interest in having children of their own, with 60% having at least one child at the time of the survey. The average maternal age at birth of the first child was 33.6 ± 3.6 years. Voluntary childlessness was reported by 6% (49/801) of survey respondents. Eighteen percent of this group stated that their choice as an orthopaedic surgeon served as a barrier to having children. Among those with children, childbearing was intentionally delayed by 53% because of their career choice (425/801). Fifty-two percent did not conceive their first child until the end of their training. Complications during pregnancy were reported among 24%. A total of 853 children were conceived by this cohort with assisted reproductive technology being used 106 times. Miscarriages were reported by 38% (304/801). Of those who miscarried, only 28% informed their employer and 8% took time off during or immediately after their miscarriage.

Conclusion:
Most respondents desire to have children but two-thirds delay doing so because of their career choice and its demands. Having a family is an important part of life for many orthopaedic surgeons, and our study provides an updated description of the fertility and pregnancy characteristics of female orthopaedic surgeons to help guide present and future surgeons in their family planning.
Het spanningsveld tussen regels en ruimte: een onderzoek naar taakgerelateerd ongeoorloofd handelen binnen de Nederlandse politie
Authors: van Halderen Robin Christiaan , van Gelderen Benjamin Rafaël 
Published: June 2020

The tension between rules and autonomy: a study of task-related rule-breaking behavior within the Dutch police
The aim of the present research was to gain insight into the topic of ‘task-related rule-breaking behavior’ (TRB) among Dutch police officers. TRB is a more refined alternative for the concept of noble cause corruption and has been defined as: police officers breaking rules or formal agreements for the purpose of acting in a manner that contributes to the lawful police task. Qualitative research has been conducted within one of the ten regional police forces in the Netherlands. Results show that TRB appears to be a relatively common phenomenon during policework. Behaviors are categorized in sixteen categories and five overarching outlines. In addition, attention is given to several important factors that could be related to TRB being distinguishable between police officers’ individual responsibility and organizational factors. To handle TRB, it is recommended to pay attention to the police officers’ approach of judging and rationalizing their own behavior, their level of knowledge, and social skills. Furthermore, organizational structure (i.e., spam of control) and police leadership may, among other factors, play an important role in encouraging TRB. Especially the way supervisors deal with police officers’ professional autonomy needs specific attention in order to reduce TRB. Autonomy needs guidance in the form of clear orders followed by feedback and coaching. Also, an active form of ethical leadership is needed. An action framework is presented that could be helpful to supervisors to judge and thereby reduce forms of TRB.
Study of classification of breast lesions using texture GLCM features obtained from the raw ultrasound signal
Authors: Nieniewski Mariusz , Chmielewski Leszek J. 
Published: June 2020

Most of the methods of classification of breast lesions in ultrasound (US) images have been tested on B-mode images from the commercial equipment. The new possibility of further analysis of this problem showed up with the availability of a public database containing original raw radio frequency (RF) signals. In particular, it appeared that the original texture might contain diagnostic information which could be modified in the typical image processing and which is more difficult to perceive than the details of lesion shape/contour. In this paper a detailed analysis of the lesion texture is conducted by means of the decision trees and logistic regression. The decision trees turned out useful mainly for selecting texture features to be used in the stepwise logistic regression. The RF signals database of 200 breast lesions was used for testing the performance of the benign vs malignant lesion classifier. The Gray Level Cooccurrence Matrix (GLCM) was calculated with the vertical/horizontal offset of up to five pixels. For each of these matrices six features were calculated resulting in a total of 210 features. Using these features a sufficient number of decision trees were generated to calculate pseudo-Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROCs). The outcome of this process is a collection of generated trees for which the employed features are known. These features were then used for generating generalized linear model by means of stepwise logistic regression. The analyzed regression models included the coefficients of up-to-the second degree terms. The texture features were further completed by a single shape feature, that is tumor circularity (TC). The automatic procedure for finding the exact mask of a lesion is also provided for the conditions when the acoustic shadowing makes it impossible to obtain the entire contour reliably and a half-contour has to be used. The selected logistic regression models gave ROCs with the Area Under Curve (AUC) of up to 0.83 and the 95 \% confidence region (0.63 0.96). Analyzing classification results one comes to the conclusion that the tumor circularity, which is the most informative among shape/contour features, is not essential against the background of textural features. The reported study shows that a relatively straightforward procedure can be employed to obtain benign vs malignant classifier comparable with that originally used for the database of the raw RF signals and based on the more complicated segmentation of the parameter maps of homodyned K distribution.
Editorial: edição 01/2020 - Apresentação
Authors: Campos da Silva Guilherme Amorim 
Published: June 2020

A edição n. 1 de 2020 da Revista Prisma Jurídico é resultado da produção científica realizada em diversos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu em direito das universidades brasileiras e de sua relação com universidades estrangeiras.A Revista Prisma Jurídico promove o debate acadêmico, enquanto fonte de consulta e discussão da pesquisa brasileira em Direito.O excelente nível dos trabalhos publicados permitirá a contribuição desta edição para todas as áreas do conhecimento jurídico, que envolvem questões ambientais, tecnológicas, econômicas e sociais de relevância na atualidade.Cumpre a principal missão de difundir conhecimento e incentivar a pesquisa crítica, repercutindo no avanço da qualidade do ensino jurídico. Muito obrigado aos autores e revisores e ótima leitura a todos. Prof. Dr. Guilherme Amorim Campos da SilvaDiretor do Programa de Mestrado em Direito da UNINOVEEditor
JÁ NÃO TE AMO: O QUE FAZEMOS AO CÃO?
Authors: Lança Hugo Cunha 
Published: June 2020

Os animais têm uma nova centralidade na vida social, não sendo a Lei imune ao devir da sociedade. Num tempo em que o amor pelos animais parece incondicional, mas o casamento é a prazo, importa aquilatar sobre o destino do animal de companhia em caso de divórcio. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada assenta na combinação de três eixos teórico-metodológicos, consubstanciando-se na (i) pesquisa dogmática, no que concerne ao recurso da doutrina, jurisprudência e legislação coeva, (ii) na pesquisa sócio-jurídica, procurando identificar e analisar as incoerências do sistema jurídico relacionando-o com outras ciências como a sociologia e a psicologia, inter alia, e na pesquisa epistemológica, alicerçada no estudo do sistema jurídico no seu todo e das normas jurídicas e dos conceitos jusfilosóficos que o compõem. Com este texto, pretende-se ensaiar soluções para o problema, oferecendo directrizes para o aplicador da lei, tendo por paradigma a realidade e a legislação portuguesa.
Drogues illicites au Liban : analyse des politiques et des pratiques
Authors: Matta Houwayda , Hazaz May 
Published: June 2020

Au Liban, plusieurs recherches se sont intéressées au fil du temps au phénomène d’usage et d’abus des produits licites et illicites. Bien que différentes de par leur objet, ces études convergent pour souligner la nécessité d’élaborer une politique sociale globale et intégrée destinée à ce sujet dans le contexte libanais.Cette recherche contribue à cette nécessité en analysant les éléments existants de la politique sociale libanaise en matière d’usage et d’abus des drogues illicites, et ce, en lien avec l’expérience de différents acteurs concernés. La finalité visée est celle de tirer des leçons susceptibles d’éclairer l’élaboration ainsi que l’implantation de la politique escomptée.Cette analyse est menée suivant une méthode qualitative et a impliqué deux principaux types de répondants : des acteurs ou intervenants appartenant à plusieurs secteurs ainsi qu’un groupe de personnes toxicomanes en cours de traitement et des proches de personnes engagées dans un traitement.Le présent article porte sur les résultats qui se rapportent à deux principaux objectifs, à savoir brosser l’état des lieux des politiques et des pratiques existantes selon trois registres : législatif, stratégique et institutionnel et analyser les forces, les faiblesses ainsi que les enjeux y sous-jacents.