bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“A Treasure for the Poor”: The Contents of the Temple Treasures according to 2 Macc 3:10 in Light of the Biblical and Ancient Jewish and Christian Traditions
Authors: Martins Francisco 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe attack of Heliodorus on the temple in 2 Macc 3 is the first of a series of events occupying the narrative core of the book. In the first act of the story, a dispute arises over the actual contents of the temple treasury, with the high priest Onias claiming that they are “deposits of widows and orphans” (3:10). This essay focuses on this detail and shows that it entails an as yet unnoticed connection with a core of biblically ingrained traditions that gain momentum in the Second Temple period and come to the fore afterwards in the works of ancient Jewish and Christian authors: traditions that equate God’s money with money intended for the poor. In order to substantiate my claim, I survey texts in Deuteronomy, Tobit, and the Epistle of Jeremiah in search of hints of this process of “pauperization” of God’s property, and proceed to investigate the history of reception of 2 Macc 3:10 in the Latin translations, among the church fathers, and in the post-Talmudic work Josippon. The aim is to demonstrate that 2 Macc 3:10 became a productive link in the rhetorical formulation of a topos which bore long-lasting literary, theological, and practical fruits.
Prediction and network modelling of self-harm through daily self-report and history of self-injury
Authors: Kyron Michael J. , Hooke Geoff R. , Page Andrew C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundSelf-harm is a significant public health issue, and both our understanding and ability to predict adverse outcomes are currently inadequate. The current study explores how preventative efforts could be aided through short-term prediction and modelling of risk factors for self-harm.MethodsPatients (72% female, Mage = 40.3 years) within an inpatient psychiatric facility self-reported their psychological distress, interpersonal circumstances, and wish to live and die on a daily basis during 3690 unique admissions. Hierarchical logistic regressions assessed whether daily changes in self-report and history of self-harm could predict self-harm, with machine learning used to train and test the model. To assess interrelationships between predictors, network and cross-lagged panel models were performed.ResultsIncreases in a wish to die (β = 1.34) and psychological distress (β = 1.07) on a daily basis were associated with increased rates of self-harm, while a wish to die on the day prior [odds ratio (OR) 3.02] and a history of self-harm (OR 3.02) was also associated with self-harm. The model detected 77.7% of self-harm incidents (positive predictive value = 26.6%, specificity = 79.1%). Psychological distress, wish to live and die, and interpersonal factors were reciprocally related over the prior day.ConclusionsShort-term fluctuations in self-reported mental health may provide an indication of when an individual is at-risk of self-harm. Routine monitoring may provide useful feedback to clinical staff to reduce risk of self-harm. Modifiable risk factors identified in the current study may be targeted during interventions to minimise risk of self-harm.
Understanding diversity in later life through images of old age
Authors: Enßle Friederike , Helbrecht Ilse 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article aims to enhance the conceptual debate on diversity in old age by exploring the interplay of diversity in later life and images of old age. We argue that the analysis of images of old age on the micro-level is a fruitful methodology in order to unravel the meaning of diversity in later life. Drawing on findings from qualitative research in Berlin, we explore how new and diverse imaginations, experiences and lifestyles of old age emerge. The conceptual focus on images of old age enables us to investigate further what diversity in later life comprises and how it simultaneously fosters the genesis of new images of old age. The manifold new images we found in our research suggest that prevalent societal discourses about old age on the macro-level are rather deceptive and represent mostly stereotypes such as ‘active agers’ or ‘frail and dependent elders’. We offer three explanations why alternative images of old age are currently barely present in public discourse: (a) the actors transmitting images of age; (b) the institutionalisation of the images; and (c) the challenge to communicate complexity. We conclude by suggesting that images of old age are a promising starting point to explore and make visible both the diversity of social groups within the older generation as well as the heterogeneity of older individuals.
Two closely relatedTulipaspecies with different ploidy levels show distinct germination rates
Authors: Astuti Giovanni , Pratesi Sandro , Peruzzi Lorenzo , Carta Angelino 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the tetraploidTulipa sylvestriswe found larger and heavier seeds that germinated around 28 days earlier than those of the diploid ancestorTulipa pumila. The faster germination of the tetraploid species is linked to the faster growth of embryos, which reached their final length much earlier than the embryos of the diploid species. In conclusion, we argue a cautionary approach when dealing with comparative studies on ploidy level and germination to avoid misinterpretation of results when set against the natural conditions.
Dietary patterns associated with meeting the WHO free sugars intake guidelines
Authors: Steele Courtney , Eyles Helen , Te Morenga Lisa , Ni Mhurchu Cliona , Cleghorn Christine 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjective:Emerging evidence suggests that free sugars intake in many countries exceeds that recommended by the WHO. However, information regarding real-world dietary patterns associated with meeting the WHO free sugars guidelines is lacking. The current study aimed to determine dietary patterns associated with meeting the guidelines to inform effective free sugars reduction interventions in New Zealand (NZ) and similar high-income countries.Design:Dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis on repeat 24-h NZ Adult Nutrition Survey dietary recall data. Associations between dietary patterns and the WHO guidelines (<5 and <10 % total energy intake) were determined using logistic regression analyses.Setting:New Zealand.Participants:NZ adults (n4721) over 15 years old.Results:Eight dietary patterns were identified: ‘takeaway foods and alcohol’ was associated with meeting both WHO guidelines; ‘contemporary’ was associated with meeting the <10 % guideline (males only); ‘fast foods, sugar-sweetened beverages and dessert’, ‘traditional’ and ‘breakfast foods’ were negatively associated with meeting both guidelines; ‘sandwich’ and ‘snack foods’ were negatively associated with the <5 % guideline; and ‘saturated fats and sugar’ was negatively associated with the <10 % guideline.Conclusions:The majority of NZ dietary patterns were not consistent with WHO free sugars guidelines. It is possible to meet the WHO guidelines while consuming a healthier (‘contemporary’) or energy-dense, nutrient-poor (‘takeaway foods and alcohol’) diet. However, the majority of energy-dense patterns were not associated with meeting the guidelines. Future nutrition interventions would benefit from focusing on establishing healthier overall diets and reducing consumption and free sugars content of key foods.
Implications for Ice Stability and Particle Ejection From High‐Resolution Temperature Modeling of Asteroid (101955) Bennu
Authors: Rozitis B. , Emery J. P. , Siegler M. A. , Susorney H. C. M. , Molaro J. L. , Hergenrother C. W. , Lauretta D. S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe finding by the OSIRIS‐REx (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security‐Regolith Explorer) mission that its target (101955) Bennu is an active asteroid has raised questions as to whether the observed particle ejection events are driven by temperature. To investigate sublimation of water ice and rock thermal fracture as possible temperature‐driven causes, we modeled the global temperatures of Bennu and searched for correlations with the identified ejection points on the asteroid surface. We computed temperatures with the Advanced Thermophysical Model and the 75‐cm‐resolution global shape model of Bennu derived by the OSIRIS‐REx mission. We find that ~1,856 m2 of Bennu's polar regions have orbit‐averaged temperatures that are sufficiently cold to enable water ice, if buried within the top few meters of the surface, to remain stable over geological timescales. Millimeter thick layers of surface water ice are also stable over ~103‐year timescales within polar centimeter‐scale cold traps. However, we do not find evidence of conditions enabling ice stability in the warmer equatorial regions, where ejection events have been observed, implying that sublimation of water ice is not the cause of particle ejection. Conversely, rock thermal fracture remains a possible mechanism of particle ejection. We find high amplitudes of diurnal temperature variation, a proxy for the efficacy of thermal fracturing, at all latitudes on Bennu due to its extreme ruggedness. Therefore, if rock thermal fracture is the mechanism, particles could be ejected from any latitude, which is consistent with the continued observations of particle ejection by OSIRIS‐REx.
Cep55 promotes cytokinesis of neural progenitors but is dispensable for most mammalian cell divisions
Authors: Tedeschi Antonio , Almagro Jorge , Renshaw Matthew J. , Messal Hendrik A. , Behrens Axel , Petronczki Mark 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn mammalian cell lines, the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT)-III mediates abscission, the process that physically separates daughter cells and completes cell division. Cep55 protein is regarded as the master regulator of abscission, because it recruits ESCRT-III to the midbody (MB), the site of abscission. However, the importance of this mechanism in a mammalian organism has never been tested. Here we show that Cep55 is dispensable for mouse embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. Cep55-knockout offspring show microcephaly and primary neural progenitors require Cep55 and ESCRT for survival and abscission. However, Cep55 is dispensable for cell division in embryonic or adult tissues. In vitro, division of primary fibroblasts occurs without Cep55 and ESCRT-III at the midbody and is not affected by ESCRT depletion. Our work defines Cep55 as an abscission regulator only in specific tissue contexts and necessitates the re-evaluation of an alternative ESCRT-independent cell division mechanism.
Consensus guidelines for management of hyperammonaemia in paediatric patients receiving continuous kidney replacement therapy
Authors: Raina Rupesh , Bedoyan Jirair K. , Lichter-Konecki Uta , Jouvet Philippe , Picca Stefano , Mew Nicholas Ah , Machado Marcel C. , Chakraborty Ronith , Vemuganti Meghana , Grewal Manpreet K. , Bunchman Timothy , Sethi Sidharth Kumar , Krishnappa Vinod , McCulloch Mignon , Alhasan Khalid , Bagga Arvind , Basu Rajit K. , Schaefer Franz , Filler Guido , Warady Bradley A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHyperammonaemia in children can lead to grave consequences in the form of cerebral oedema, severe neurological impairment and even death. In infants and children, common causes of hyperammonaemia include urea cycle disorders or organic acidaemias. Few studies have assessed the role of extracorporeal therapies in the management of hyperammonaemia in neonates and children. Moreover, consensus guidelines are lacking for the use of non-kidney replacement therapy (NKRT) and kidney replacement therapies (KRTs, including peritoneal dialysis, continuous KRT, haemodialysis and hybrid therapy) to manage hyperammonaemia in neonates and children. Prompt treatment with KRT and/or NKRT, the choice of which depends on the ammonia concentrations and presenting symptoms of the patient, is crucial. This expert Consensus Statement presents recommendations for the management of hyperammonaemia requiring KRT in paediatric populations. Additional studies are required to strengthen these recommendations.
Intensification of tidally generated internal waves in the north-central Bay of Bengal
Authors: Jithin A. K. , Subeesh M. P. , Francis P. A. , Ramakrishna S. S. V. S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFlow of barotropic tidal currents over topographic features, such as continental slopes and submarine ridges, generates internal gravity waves at tidal periods known as internal tides. Amplitude of these waves are generally large near the generation regions. Analysis of Sea Surface Height (SSH) data, derived from satellite altimeter revealed the amplification of internal tides in the semidiurnal period in the north-central Bay of Bengal (BoB) (around 89$${}^{\circ }$$∘E, 16$${}^{\circ }$$∘N), which is about 450 km away from their generation sites. SSH signals found in the north-central BoB ($$ \sim $$~3 cm) were comparable to the maximum amplitudes (2.5 to 3.5 cm) observed near their potential generation sites in the BoB such as continental slopes in the head of the bay and Andaman-Nicobar (AN) Ridge. Simulations from a high-resolution regional ocean model also confirmed the presence of large internal tide amplitude in the north-central BoB. Our study revealed that convergence of internal tides, which were generated along the concave-shaped source (continental slopes in the head of the bay and the northern parts of AN Ridge), into its focal region caused their amplification in the north-central BoB. It was also found that internal tide energy dissipation rates in this focal region were about 10 times larger than those in other open ocean regions.
Peripheral perfusion, measured by perfusion index, is a novel indicator for renal events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Okada Hiroshi , Tanaka Muhei , Yasuda Takashi , Okada Yuki , Norikae Hisahiro , Fujita Tetsuya , Nishi Takashi , Oyamada Hirokazu , Yamane Tetsuro , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the leading causes of end stage renal disease. Despite recent therapies, mortality due to DKD and resources spent on healthcare are important problems. Thus, appropriate markers are needed to predict renal outcomes. Therefore, we investigated the role of peripheral perfusion as an indicator for renal events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This retrospective cohort study included 566 patients who were admitted to Matsushita Memorial Hospital in Osaka, Japan for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Peripheral perfusion was assessed using perfusion index (PI), which represents the level of circulation through peripheral tissues and was measured on each toe using a Masimo SET Radical-7 (Masimo Corporation, Irvine, CA, USA) instrument. The duration of follow up was 3.0 years. The median age of patients was 70 years (IQR range: 61–77 years) and median PI value was 2.9% (IQR range: 1.8–4.8%). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that PI (per 1% increase) was associated with an odds ratio of composite of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and/or doubling of serum creatinine level; n = 40 (odds ratio 0.823 [95% CI: 0.680–0.970]), and composite of ESRD, doubling of serum creatinine level, and renal death and/or cardiovascular death; n = 44 (odds ratio 0.803 [95% CI: 0.665–0.944]). The factors which were statistically significant in univariate analysis and those known to be related factors for renal event were considered simultaneously as independent variables for multiple logistic regression analysis. PI can be a novel indicator for renal events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Involvement of ammonia metabolism in the improvement of endurance performance by tea catechins in mice
Authors: Chen Shu , Minegishi Yoshihiko , Hasumura Takahiro , Shimotoyodome Akira , Ota Noriyasu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBlood ammonia increases during exercise, and it has been suggested that this increase is both a central and peripheral fatigue factor. Although green tea catechins (GTCs) are known to improve exercise endurance by enhancing lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle, little is known about the relationship between ammonia metabolism and the endurance-improving effect of GTCs. Here, we examined how ammonia affects endurance capacity and how GTCs affect ammonia metabolism in vivo in mice and how GTCs affect mouse skeletal muscle and liver in vitro. In mice, blood ammonia concentration was significantly negatively correlated with exercise endurance capacity, and hyperammonaemia was found to decrease whole-body fat expenditure and fatty acid oxidation–related gene expression in skeletal muscle. Repeated ingestion of GTCs combined with regular exercise training improved endurance capacity and the expression of urea cycle–related genes in liver. In C2C12 myotubes, hyperammonaemia suppressed mitochondrial respiration; however, pre-incubation with GTCs rescued this suppression. Together, our results demonstrate that hyperammonaemia decreases both mitochondrial respiration in myotubes and whole-body aerobic metabolism. Thus, GTC-mediated increases in ammonia metabolism in liver and resistance to ammonia-induced suppression of mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscle may underlie the endurance-improving effect of GTCs.
Association between Leukocyte Counts and Physical Fitness in Male Military Members: The CHIEF Study
Authors: Chung Pei-Shou , Tsai Kun-Zhe , Lin Yen-Po , Lin Yu-Kai , Lin Gen-Min 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLow-grade inflammation, which is related to obesity and toxic substance use in young adults, may be associated with poor physical fitness. We investigated the association between total leukocyte count and physical fitness in a military cohort of 3,453 healthy young Taiwanese males aged 20–50 years in a cross-sectional study in 2014. Low-grade inflammation was defined according to equally sized quartiles of total leukocyte counts within the suggested normal limits (4.00–9.99 × 103/mm3). Aerobic fitness was assessed by the time for a 3-kilometer run test, and anaerobic fitness was evaluated by the numbers of sit-ups and push-ups performed in 2 minutes. Automatic monitoring systems were used to verify the scores for all procedures. Multiple linear regression was utilized to identify the associations among variables. When compared with the lowest counts (4.00–5.49 × 103/mm3), the second highest (6.50–7.49 × 103/mm3) and highest normal leukocyte counts (7.50–9.99 × 103/mm3) were correlated with longer times for a 3-kilometer run (β and 95% confidence intervals =4.93 (1.61, 8.25) and 4.65 (2.20, 7.10), respectively) and fewer numbers of push-ups performed in 2 minutes (β = −0.59 (−1.15, −0.03) and −0.56 (−0.96, −0.17), respectively), after adjustments for age, service specialty, waist circumference, body mass index, alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, and physical activity. However, the association with 2-minute sit-ups was null. Our study suggested an inverse association between total leukocyte count and not only aerobic fitness but also parts of anaerobic fitness in young males. The temporal association needs confirmation in longitudinal studies.
The effect of a mindfulness-based therapy on different biomarkers among patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: González-Moret Rafael , Cebolla Ausias , Cortés Xavier , Baños Rosa M. , Navarrete Jaime , de la Rubia José Enrique , Lisón Juan Francisco , Soria José Miguel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMindfulness-based interventions have shown some efficacy in decreasing stress levels and improving quality of life. However, so far, only a few studies have studied this type of intervention among patients with inflammatory bowel disease and none of them have studied their effects on inflammatory biomarkers. This current study was a two-armed, single-centre, randomised (2:1 ratio) controlled trial used to evaluate the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention (n = 37) compared to standard medical therapy (n = 20) in patients with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. The mindfulness intervention blended four internet-based therapy modules with four face-to-face support sessions. The outcomes we assessed were faecal calprotectin (primary outcome), C-reactive protein, and cortisol levels measured in hair samples at several timepoints. The between-group analysis highlighted significant decreases in faecal calprotectin and in C-reactive protein levels in the mindfulness-based intervention group compared to the standard medical therapy group at the six-month follow-up (faecal calprotectin: −367, [95% CI: −705, −29], P = 0.03; C-reactive protein: −2.82, [95% CI: −5.70, 0.08], P = 0.05), with moderate to large effect sizes (faecal calprotectin: ηp2 = 0.085; C-reactive protein: ηp2 = 0.066). We concluded that mindfulness-based therapy administered as part of standard clinical practice effectively improves inflammatory biomarkers in patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease.
Magdeburger PJ-Logbuch der chirurgischen Fächer – interdisziplinäre, einrichtungsspezifische Umsetzung der Vorgabe des Medizinischen Fakultätentages (MFT) von 2012
Authors: Witzel Katharina , Ballaschk Anne , Altmann Silke , Haß Hans-Jürgen , Chiapponi Costanza , Walcher Felix , Werwick Katrin , Croner Roland S. , Piatek Stefan , Meyer Frank 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Das Praktische Jahr (PJ) stellt als letzter Abschnitt des Medizinstudiums eine prägende Ausbildungszeit dar, in der medizinisches Wissen konsequent in ärztliche Kompetenzen umgewandelt werden soll. Seit Novellierung der Ärztlichen Approbationsordnung (ÄApprO) vom 17. Juli 2012 sind ab 1. April 2013 die deutschen Universitäten verpflichtet, einen Ausbildungsplan in Form von PJ-Logbüchern für das Praktische Jahr in den Pflichttertialen Chirurgie und Innere Medizin bereitzustellen. In Vorbereitung dieser Neuerung hat der Medizinische Fakultätentag (MFT) im Juni 2012 Basis-Logbücher als Konsensusdokumente vorgelegt. An der Medizinischen Fakultät der Universität Magdeburg wird zur Ausbildung der PJ-Studierenden im Fach Chirurgie ein klinikspezifisches und in Eigeninitiative entwickeltes Portfolio genutzt. Es wurde überarbeitet und zu einem konkretisierten, alltagsbezogenen und stark klinisch orientierten, fakultätsspezifischen PJ-Logbuch nach Vorgabe des
MFT umgestaltet. Ziel dieses erörternden Kommentars ist es, das Magdeburger fakultätsspezifische Logbuch in seiner klinischen, sowohl kasus- und diagnose- als auch interventions- bzw. operationsbezogenen Ausrichtung zu präsentieren. Damit sollen institutionelle Erfahrungen vermittelt und die Durchführung des chirurgischen Pflichttertials Chirurgie in unserer Einrichtung dargestellt werden.
Methode Narrative Kurzübersicht unter Einbeziehung individueller Lehrerfahrungswerte und themenbezogener Literaturstellen aus „PubMed“ unter den Suchwörtern „surgical logbook“, „practical year“ und „medical teaching“. Hintergründe und Ziele der Dokumentmodifizierung der Fachabteilungen werden erläutert.
Ergebnis Das Logbuch unterteilt sich in 6 Abschnitte: Einführung, Basisteil, Anforderungskatalog, ausgesuchte chirurgische Krankheitsbilder und Operationen sowie Informationen zu PJ-Veranstaltungen und eine Anleitung zur Herstellung eines Fallberichtes.
Schlussfolgerung Das vorgestellte Magdeburger Logbuch der chirurgischen Fächer entspricht den Vorgaben des MFT und ist gleichzeitig an die Gegebenheiten und die Lehre der Magdeburger Medizinischen Fakultät angepasst. Den Studierenden wird ein alltagsbezogenes, klinisch relevantes Dokument an die Hand gegeben, um gemeinsam mit einem schlüssigen Ausbildungskonzept unverzichtbare praktisch-klinische Kompetenzen zu erwerben.