bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Toll-Like Receptor Expressions and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels and Their Implications in the Progress of Insulin Resistance and Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Aly Rofyda H. , Ahmed Amr E. , Hozayen Walaa G. , Rabea Alaa Mohamed , Ali Tarek M. , El Askary Ahmad , Ahmed Osama M. 
Published: December 2020

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DNP) is a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) chronic complication, which is the largest single cause of end-stage kidney disease. There is an increasing evidence of the role of inflammation and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as part of innate immune system in its development and progression. In addition, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) downward signaling causes the production of proinflammatory cytokines, which can induce insulin (INS) resistance in T2DM.Objective: The goal of this study was to estimate the expression of TLRs (TLR2 and TLR4) in relation to inflammation and INS resistance in nephrotic type 2 diabetic patients with or without renal failure and to discuss the role of these TLRs in DNP progression.Patients and Methods: In this study, blood samples were obtained from type 2 diabetic patients with or without renal failure, and patients with non-diabetic renal failure were compared to healthy controls. All participants were tested for analysis of fasting plasma glucose and serum insulin, kidney function tests, C-reactive protein (CRP), and proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) as well as expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in peripheral blood (PB). Statistical analysis of data was done by using SPSS.Results: Diabetic patients with renal failure exhibited significant increase in TLR2, TLR4 mRNA expression in PB in comparison with normal subjects, diabetic patients without renal failure and non-diabetic patients with renal failure. Both diabetic patients with or without kidney failure and non-diabetic patients with renal failure had increased TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA expression in association with increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6) compared to normal subjects. The diabetic patients with kidney failure exhibited the highest elevation of TLRs, Th1 cytokines and CRP in association the highest record of insulin resistance.Conclusion: Toll-like receptor 2 and Toll-like receptor 4 increased expression and Th2 cytokines may have an important role in the progression of DNP and deteriorations in insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients. Therefore, TLR2 and TLR4 may be a promising therapeutic target to prevent or retard DNP in type 2 diabetic patients.
Does Self-Efficacy and Emotional Control Protect Hospital Staff From COVID-19 Anxiety and PTSD Symptoms? Psychological Functioning of Hospital Staff After the Announcement of COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Bidzan Monika , Bidzan-Bluma Ilona , Szulman-Wardal Aleksandra , Stueck Marcus , Bidzan Mariola 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in the hospital staff, as well as to identify protective factors of COVID-19 anxiety once the coronavirus pandemic was announced in Poland.Methods90 healthcare workers from the hospital in Poland completed validated self-report questionnaires assessing self-efficacy, emotional control, and PTSD symptoms; a questionnaire assessing COVID-19 anxiety; and a socio-demographic questionnaire. A multiple linear regression was conducted to assess the effects of gender, being directly vs indirectly exposed to patients, and general self-efficacy on COVID-19 anxiety.ResultsThe analysis showed that female (β = −0.271, p &lt; 0.01) healthcare professionals indirectly exposed to patients (β = −0.336, p &lt; 0.01) and those who reported lower levels of general self-efficacy (β = −0.295, p &lt; 0.01) have a stronger tendency to experience COVID-19 anxiety [R2 = 0.301, F(3,89) = 12.34, p &lt; 0.01].ConclusionThe findings show the importance of self-efficacy for dealing with COVID-19 anxiety. The internal coping strategies should be introduced to healthcare workers.
Assessment of Depression Severity During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Among the Palestinian Population: A Growing Concern and an Immediate Consideration
Authors: Al Zabadi Hamzeh , Alhroub Thair , Yaseen Noor , Haj-Yahya Maryam 
Published: December 2020

Background: Aggressive quarantine and lockdown measures were implemented as protective public health actions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Assessing the psychological effects associated with these measures is an important attempt to inform local policymakers in an early stage. Yet little is known about these effects, specifically depression, among the Palestinians. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of depression among the Palestinian community during this pandemic.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional web-based survey throughout social media (Facebook and Instagram) was carried out using an anonymous online questionnaire. The validated and standardized depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS) was used to measure depression severity. A snowball technique recruiting the general public living in Palestine was conducted. Data were collected between 6 and 16 April 2020, which corresponded to the middle interval of strict massive lockdown in Palestine on 22 March to 5 May 2020. Multinomial logistic regression model was developed to predict depression severity.Results: About 2,819 respondents filled out the questionnaire. Depression prevalence was (57.5%; n = 1,621). Out of them, 66% had mild/moderate severity, and 34% had severe/extremely severe degree. Depression severity was negatively associated with age {mild/moderate degree [OR (95% CI) = 0.98 (0.97–0.99)] and severe/extremely severe [OR (95% CI) = 0.96 (0.94–0.97)]} degrees compared with normal degree. Males were significantly less likely to have higher depression than females {mild/moderate degree [OR (95% CI) = 0.69 (0.57–0.85)] and severe/extremely severe [OR (95% CI) = 0.52 (0.40–0.86)]} degree. However, those who reported having inadequate food supply and lesser monthly incomes were more likely to have a higher degree of depression as compared with normal degree. Single persons were significantly more likely to have mild/moderate depression than those in a relationship [OR (95% CI) = 1.31 (1.05–1.64)].Conclusions: High depression prevalence (57.5%) among the Palestinian community during the COVID-19 pandemic is a growing public health concern. It is essential to provide psychological counseling and treatment during and after the pandemic for the targeted people at high risk (young age/female gender) who were affected psychologically. Strategic long-term policy to address pandemic ramifications, including depression, by implementing comprehensive interventions taking into account socioeconomic disparities, vulnerability, and inequities, is crucial to emerge from this crisis in Palestine.
Artificial Intelligence: A Clarification of Misconceptions, Myths and Desired Status
Authors: Emmert-Streib Frank , Yli-Harja Olli , Dehmer Matthias 
Published: December 2020

The field artificial intelligence (AI) was founded over 65 years ago. Starting with great hopes and ambitious goals the field progressed through various stages of popularity and has recently undergone a revival through the introduction of deep neural networks. Some problems of AI are that, so far, neither the “intelligence” nor the goals of AI are formally defined causing confusion when comparing AI to other fields. In this paper, we present a perspective on the desired and current status of AI in relation to machine learning and statistics and clarify common misconceptions and myths. Our discussion is intended to lift the veil of vagueness surrounding AI to reveal its true countenance.
INTERIOR DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE THROUGH THE PRISM OF TIME: FROM CONFLICT TO COOPERATION
Authors: Naydenova I. 
Published: December 2020

As a research area, interior design took shape in the 20s of the last century, despite the fact that the practice of decorating living spaces dates back many hundreds of years. However, the "self-sufficiency" of design and its connection with architecture to this day is the subject of scientific discussions of urban specialists, historians, art historians, and anthropologists. The article discusses the leading artistic styles and trends that prevailed in architecture and design from the point of view of their mutual influence on each other. Time frame of the research: from the middle of XIX century to the first half of XX century.
As a result of the research of foreign experience in the formation of interior design, the main stages of the movement development and its relationship with architecture in two formations were identified: activities directly dependent on architectural decisions, activities that determine the entire design process to a large extent: from the functional zoning of the premises to the features of the placement of utilities in the building.
Entering the information era in art as a whole is characterized by the rejection of slogans that clearly delineate stylistic boundaries and determine the role of a designer in creating the living space. The determining factor influencing the integrity of the building’s appearance in a modern view is the harmony of the facade and the internal content, which was made possible thanks to the equal interaction of the architect and designer, starting from the first half of the 20th century.
PRINCIPLES OF FORMING OBJECTS OF ETHNOGRAPHIC TOURISM WITH REGIONAL FEATURES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BELGOROD REGION
Authors: Ladik Elena , Makridina A. 
Published: December 2020

The problems of planning the organization of territories and objects of ethnographic tourism, taking into account the landscape features of the regions of the Russian Federation, in particular the Belgorod region, are relevant. The study developed regional principles for planning ethno-tourist spaces on the example of the Belgorod region. The object of research is the territories favorable for the development of ethnographic tourism objects within the Belgorod region, the subject of research is the influence of regional historical and cultural features on the formation of ethnographic tourism territories.
As a result of the study, based on the analysis of world and national experience in the design of ethnographic tourism objects, their typological and historical-cultural analysis, the principles of organizing ethnographic tourism objects were developed. These principles take into account such regional features of the cultural landscapes of the Belgorod region, as the principle of preservation of the cultural landscape, the principle of authenticity of the recreated environment, the principle of symbolic exposure, the principle of stylistic unity and the multi-level principle. The use of the developed principles will allow us to preserve the identity and originality of the environment, reduce anthropogenic pressures on valuable landscape areas, increase information content and determine the gradual immersion in the concept of a tourist site.
AESTHETICS OF NORTH CITY
Authors: Myasnikova I. , Prokopova S. 
Published: December 2020

During the historical period of industrial development of North, the question of a necessity of city construction in the North is relevant. On the one hand, cities allow formation the sociocultural infrastructure, providing comfortable accommodation as well as formation the conditions for the stable development of the region (vs. the shift-expeditionary method). However, the north climate conditions require a higher attention to environmental design and urban planning, due to extreme climatic factors. Disregard to this specific leads to a deterioration in the life-quality of the citizens. The combination of each other conflicting the North climate conditions and the "southern" approaches to the formation of the urban environment still remains an unresolved problem.
It is known that the subject-spatial environment directly effects on the feelings and emotions of citizens. So, aesthetics is a sensory knowledge can become a good tool for comfortable coexistence of man and the North through the city environment.
The Effectiveness Of The Application Of Nursing Early Warning Score System (NEWSS) In Reducing The Frequency Of Emergency Cardiac Arrest: A Case Study Of Pelamonia Hospital, Makassar
Authors: Nusdin Nusdin Nunu 
Published: December 2020

One of the efforts made by nurses to identify deterioration or emergency incidents in patients is through the use of Nursing Early Warning Score System (NEWSS). This study therefore aims to determine the effectiveness of this system in reducing the frequency of cardiac arrest in patients. A quasi-experiment with a post-test only control group design was adopted and a sample of 80 respondents was obtained. Furthermore, the research instrument consists of 7 physiological parameters in the NEWSS assessment, under standard operating procedures. The results from the Mann Whitney test with a P value of 0.000, (P <0.05) indicate that the System is effective in reducing the frequency of emergency cardiac arrests.

Keywords: NEWSS, Cardiac Arrest Emergency
A promising therapy of tocilizumab and helmet CPAP to prevent intubation for COVID-19 induced severe ARDS: a case report
Authors: Permana Septian Adi , Sugiarto Adhrie , Thamrin Muhammad Husni , . Arifin , . Harsini 
Published: December 2020

A 59 yrs old male with severe ARDS due to COVID-19 infection was in life threatening ‘cytokine storm’. He had also co-morbids including diabetes mellitus and hypertension. He had come from Grobogan, a red area for COVID-19. Clinical finding indicted systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) with dyspnea, tachycardia, and high fever. Laboratory tests showed raised leukocyte count, CRP, SGOT/SGPT, blood sugar, PCT, low PaO2/FiO2 ratio. RT PCR showed he was infected by COVID-19. Sputum culture showed Klebsiella infection and CXR showed bilateral pneumonia.
Patient was treated with standard therapy and a combination of tocilizumab for cytokine-storm and helmet CPAP for severe ARDS.
Helmet CPAP has become the first modality for COVID-19 ARDS in some countries but not in Indonesia. We chose helmet CPAP because of the cost efficient, comfortable, and easy operation compared to other modality. We chose tocilizumab because it uses a single dose. Although it is expensive, only one dose is enough and it is effective in blocking the cytokine storm. We found that helmet CPAP and tocilizumab combination in COVID-19 lead severe ARDS could be promising to prevent intubation for patients.
Key words: Helmet CPAP; ARDS; COVID-19; Tocilizumab; Cytokine storm
Citation: Permana SA, Sugiarto A, Thamrin MH, Arifin, Harsini. A promising therapy of tocilizumab and helmet CPAP to prevent intubation for COVID-19 induced severe ARDS: a case report. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2020;24(6):659-663; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v24i6.1409
Received - 17 September 2020, Reviewed – 01 October 2020, Accepted – 6 November 2020
EVALUATION THE EFFECT OF GREEN SYNTHESIS TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES ON ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII ISOLATES
Authors: & Yaaqoob Hamza 
Published: December 2020

Acinetobacter baumannii is gram negative opportunistic coccobacilli,the most important agent in nosocomial infections with high mortality rate. This bacteria is characterized by (biochemical tests, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and vitek-2 system). The antibiotic susceptibility result of A. baumannii isolates were shown resistant to (Methicillin, Nitrofurantion), while sensitive to (colistin, Ciprofloxacin).This study was aimed to biosynthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles by using prodigiosin pigment produced from clinical isolate Serratia marcescens as reducing and stabilizing agent for Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) and used as antibacterial agent for Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from different clinical sources. TiO2 NPs synthesized by using titanium chloride TiCl4 (5 ml/50 ml) in deionized water with concentration of prodigiosin (10 mg/ml)and adjusted pH at 7 and the temperature at 50 ˚C. TiO2NPs synthesized was Characterized by various technique, such as (AFM , UV-VIS, FTIR , XRD and FE-SEM ). The result showed that wavelength(366)nm was optimum for TiO2NPs that have crystalline shape at average volume (47.52 nm). Green synthesized TiO2 NPs have shown several applications such as biomedical, anticancer, bio sensing, catalysis etc.
BIOELECTROCHEMICAL TREATMENT MECHANISMS OF PETROLUME REFINERY WASTEWATER IN INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF MICROBIAL FUEL CELL-CONSTRUCTED WETLAND
Authors: & Ismail Hussain 
Published: December 2020

Three identically designed systems named designate as MFC-CW, CW1,and CW2 were constructed and setup in this study for simultaneous biotreatment of real petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) and bioelectricity generation. The three systems were planted with emergent wetland plant of Canna indica. These systems were operated simultaneously in a single batch mode to identify the dominant mechanism for organics removal from PRW. The operation period for each cycle was 8 days. Results demonstrated that maximum removal efficiency of the organic content represented as chemical oxygen demand (COD) were 96.5%, 89.3%, and 91% observed in MFC-CW, CW1, and CW2, respectively, whereby, the highest power generated in MFC-CW only was 12.36 mW/m2. The potential convergence of the results in the three systems indicated that the dominant mechanism of organic content removal from PRW was via bioelectrochemical reactions by the anodic biofilm in the MFC.
EVALUTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PARTIAL PURIFIED BACTERIOCIN FROM LOCAL ISOLATE OF BACILLUS LICHENIFORIMS HJ2020 MT192715.1
Authors: & Auda Jebur 
Published: December 2020

This study was aimed to produce bacteriocin from Bacillus. licheniformis isolated from local soil of corn and sunflower fields and using as antimicrobial agent . Fourteen of local isolates of Bacillus sp. were obtained and ability of these isolates for growth on Brain heart infusion agar (BHI) at 550C were tested. Isolate C4 was revealed high growth density in comparison with other isolates. Isolate C4 was identified as Bacillus licheniformis according to morphological, cultural and biochemical tests, Moreover genetic analysis for 16S rRNA gene and given accession number MT192715.1 in GenBank of NCBI . Production of bacteriocin from this isolate was carried out in Luria Broth (LB) and partially purified by precipitation with 30-70 % saturation of ammonium sulfate followed by concentrated using poly ethylene glycol (PEG).The antimicrobial activity of partially purified bacteriocin was assayed against many species of food spoilage microorganism. Results were revealed that anitimicrobial activity of bacteriocin were between (0 - 360 ) units / ml. Stability of antimicrobial activity of partially purified bacteriocin toward Staphylococcus aureus were tested after incubation at different values of pH, temperature and some of enzyme which included proteolytic enzymes, α-amylase and lipase .The results indicated that residual inhibition activity of bacteriocin were varied according to conditions of incubation and type of treatment .
UTILIZATION OF ISOLATED THERAPEUTIC BACTERIA IN TOPICAL OINTMENT FOR INFECTION TREATMENT
Authors: & et al. Alziadi 
Published: December 2020

This study includes the using therapeutic bacteria isolate in topical ointment for bacterial vaginosis treatment and to compare it with metronidazole ointment that use in a clinical trial under medical supervision. Four active Lactobacillus probiotics bacteria were cultured in %12 skim milk , three of these bacteria were commercial types and one Iraqi local isolate , the total bacterial count of probiotics bacteria were around ≥ 1012 cfu/ml . %10 of individually culture free cells filtrate were added to Muller Hinton broth with secretions of patients infected with bacterial vaginosis "BV", %50 of natural organic components and %50 of local isolate Lactobacillus plantarum cultured in skim milk were mixed to prepare the natural ointment. Eighty-nine BV volunteers were divided into two group, first was 43 volunteers used probiotic ointment, the second group was 46 volunteers used metronidazole ointment "as control group", both groups were under medical observation for two weeks. The results shown that Iraqi local isolate Lb . plantarum gave best inhibition in vitro, according to Amsel criteria the rate of healing with Lb . plantarum ointment group was %97.87, it was higher than metronidazole ointment %91.30 and the healed cases numbers were increased at the day 7 and 14,it has been noticed that the results were positive based on vaginal secretions, and whiff test, clue cell and the pH was above 4.5 shown significant progress. According to Nugent criteria Lb . plantarum ointment gave higher healing percentage which was %95.35.
EFFECT OF PARTIAL SUBSTITUTION SPIRULINA INSTEAD OF SOYBEAN MEAL IN COMMON CARP CYPRINUS CARPIO L. DIET ON SOME BLOOD PICTURE AND SOME BIOCHEMICAL CRITERIA
Authors: & Bashi Mohammad 
Published: December 2020

This study conducted to find the effect of partial replacement of soybean meal by Spirulina Arthospira platensis on some blood picture and biochemical criteria in common carp Cyprinus carpio. Fish were fed on five experimental diets contained spirulina with ratio 1.45%, 2.90%, 3.54% and 6.10% of the total diet as well as control ( without spirulina) for 56 days . Results of the statistical analysis showed a significant decrease (p≤ 0.05) in the concentration of hemoglobin in treated fish fed on spirulina diets, meanwhile a significantly differences (p≤0.05) for stress index and the albumin criteria for fish fed at fifth diet comparing with control diet. The aspartate amino transferase for fish fed on the control diet increased significantly (p≤ 0.05) compared for other experimental diets. The results of the current study show that replacing the soybean meal with spirulina by 11.8 % (3.54 of the total diet) improved the studied criteria compared to the control diet.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN QUANTUM TEACHING TERHADAP AKTIVITAS BELAJAR DAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Jayantika I Gusti Agung Ngurah Trisna , Yuliawati Ni Putu Eva 
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Quantum Teaching terhadap aktivitas belajar dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu yang menggunakan desain Non Equivalent Control Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Kuta Utara tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Sampel diambil secara acak dengan teknik random sampling. Data aktivitas belajar dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dikumpulkan dengan metode angket dan tes, yang selanjutnya dianalisis dengan analisis uji MANOVA. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat perbedaan aktivitas belajar peserta didik yang mengikuti model pembelajaran Quantum Teaching dengan peserta didik yang mengikuti model pembelajaran konvensional, (2) Terdapat peerbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik yang mengikuti model pembelajaran Quantum Teaching dengan peserta didik yang mengikuti model pembelajaran konvensional, (3) Terdapat perbedaan secara simultan aktivitas belajar dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis peserta didik yang mengikuti model pembelajaran Quantum Teaching dengan peserta didik yang mengikuti model pembelajaran konvensional pada peserta didik.