bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endophytic fungal community in grape is correlated to foliar age and domestication
Authors: Fan Yanchun , Gao Linlin , Chang Pingping , Li Zhi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The composition of endophytic communities has been shown to depend on grape genotypes and viticultural managements in leaves, stems, and berries of grape, but there have been relatively few reports exploring fungal endophytes associated with wild grape and foliar age.

Methods
The regions of internally transcribed spacer (ITS) were sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq to determine the diversity of fungal endophytes associated with European grape (Vitis vinifera cv. Red Globe) and Chinese wild grape (Vitis amurensis cv. Shuangyou) in young and mature leaves.

Results
A total of 3 phyla, 23 classes, 51 orders, 97 families, and 150 fungal genera were identified. Young leaves have significantly higher diversity and richness than that in mature leaves in both cultivars. Endophytic fungal diversity was greater in wild grapevines (119 genera) than in cultivated grapevines (81 genera) in both young and mature leaves. Endophytic fungal community structure was also significantly different between young leaves and mature leaves as well as in both cultivars based on statistical tests of ANOSIM and MRPP.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that endophytic fungal communities were strongly affected by foliar age and domestication, which are crucial factors in establishing symbiotic associations with a selective enrichment for specific endophytes.
Isolation and characterisation of nasoseptal cartilage stem/progenitor cells and their role in the chondrogenic niche
Authors: Jessop Zita M. , Al-Sabah Ayesha , Simoes Irina N. , Burnell Stephanie E. A. , Pieper Ina Laura , Thornton Catherine A. , Whitaker Iain S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Since cartilage-derived stem/progenitor cells (CSPCs) were first identified in articular cartilage using differential adhesion to fibronectin, their self-renewal capacity and niche-specific lineage preference for chondrogenesis have propelled their application for cartilage tissue engineering. In many adult tissues, stem/progenitor cells are recognised to be involved in tissue homeostasis. However, the role of nasoseptal CSPCs has not yet been elucidated. Our aim was to isolate and characterise nasoseptal CSPCs alongside nasoseptal chondrocyte populations and determine chondrogenic capacity.

Methods
Here, we isolated nasoseptal CSPCs using differential adhesion to fibronectin and assessed their colony forming efficiency, proliferation kinetics, karyotype and trilineage potential. CSPCs were characterised alongside non-fibronectin-adherent nasoseptal chondrocytes (DNCs) and cartilage-derived cells (CDCs, a heterogenous combination of DNCs and CSPCs) by assessing differences in gene expression profiles using PCR Stem Cell Array, immunophenotype using flow cytometry and chondrogencity using RT-PCR and histology.

Results
CSPCs were clonogenic with increased gene expression of the neuroectodermal markers NCAM1 and N-Cadherin, as well as Cyclins D1 and D2, compared to DNCs. All three cell populations expressed recognised mesenchymal stem cell surface markers (CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90), yet only CSPCs and CDCs showed multilineage differentiation potential. CDC populations expressed significantly higher levels of type 2 collagen and bone morphogenetic protein 2 genes, with greater cartilage extracellular matrix secretion. When DNCs were cultured in isolation, there was reduced chondrogenicity and higher expression of type 1 collagen, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), CD73 and CD90, recognised markers of a fibroblast-like phenotype.

Conclusions
Fibronectin-adherent CSPCs demonstrate a unique gene expression profile compared to non-fibronectin-adherent DNCs. DNCs cultured in isolation, without CSPCs, express fibroblastic phenotype with reduced chondrogenicity. Mixed populations of stem/progenitor cells and chondrocytes were required for optimal chondrogenesis, suggesting that CSPCs may be required to retain phenotypic stability and chondrogenic potential of DNCs. Crosstalk between DNCs and CSPCs is proposed based on SDF-1 signalling.
Integral inequalities for s-convex functions via generalized conformable fractional integral operators
Authors: Kashuri Artion , Iqbal Sajid , Liko Rozana , Gao Wei , Samraiz Muhammad 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe introduce new operators, the so-called left and right generalized conformable fractional integral operators. By using these operators we establish new Hermite–Hadamard inequalities fors-convex functions and products of twos-convex functions in the second sense. Also, we obtain two interesting identities for a differentiable function involving a generalized conformable fractional integral operator. By applying these identities we give Hermite–Hadamard and midpoint-type integral inequalities fors-convex functions. Different special cases have been identified and some known results are recovered from our general results. These results may motivate further research in different areas of pure and applied sciences.
A longitudinal study of fruit juice consumption during preschool years and subsequent diet quality and BMI
Authors: Wan Li , Jakkilinki Phani Deepti , Singer Martha R. , Bradlee M. Loring , Moore Lynn L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe role of fruit juice in pediatric dietary guidelines continues to be controversial, particularly with respect to concerns about unhealthy dietary habits and the potential promotion of excessive weight gain. The objective of the current study was to determine the association between preschool fruit juice consumption and the following outcomes during childhood and adolescence: whole and total fruit intake, diet quality, likelihood of meeting current dietary recommendations, and BMI change.MethodsThe data were previously collected from 100 children enrolled in the Framingham Children’s Study at 3–6 years of age and subsequently followed for 10 years. Dietary data were collected annually using multiple sets of 3-day diet records. Compliance with dietary recommendations was estimated based on2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americansand diet quality was measured using the associated Healthy Eating Index (HEI). Mixed linear and logistic regression models were used for statistical analyses.ResultsPreschool children (3–6 years) who drank ≥1.0 (vs. < 0.5) cup of 100% fruit juice/day consumed 0.9 cups/day more total fruit (p < 0.0001) and 0.5 cups/day more whole fruit (p < 0.0001) during adolescence (14–18 years). Total HEI scores during adolescence for those with the highest preschool juice intakes were almost 6 points higher than those with the lowest fruit juice intakes (p = 0.0044). Preschoolers consuming < 0.5 cups/day of fruit juice had sharply declining whole fruit intake throughout childhood compared with those preschoolers consuming ≥1.0 cups/day who had stable intakes of whole fruit throughout childhood. Those children who consumed ≥0.75 cups/day of fruit juice during preschool (vs. less) were 3.8 times as likely to meetDietary Guidelinesfor whole fruit intake during adolescence (p < 0.05). Finally, in multivariable models, there was no association between fruit juice consumption and BMI change throughout childhood.ConclusionThese data suggest that preschool consumption of 100% fruit juice is associated with beneficial effects on whole fruit intake and diet quality without having any adverse effect on BMI during childhood and into middle adolescence.
IDC theory: habit and the habit loop
Authors: Chen Wenli , Chan Tak Wai , Wong Lung Hsiang , Looi Chee Kit , Liao Calvin C. Y. , Cheng Hercy N. H. , Wong Su Luan , Mason Jon , So Hyo-Jeong , Murthy Sahana , Gu Xiaoqing , Pi Zhongling 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInterest-driven creator (IDC) theory is a design theory that intends to inform the design of future education in Asia. It consists of three anchored concepts, namely, interest, creation, and habit. This paper presents the third anchored concept habit as well as the habit loop. IDC theory assumes that learners, when driven by interest, can be engaged in knowledge creation. Furthermore, by repeating such process in their daily learning routines, learners will form interest-driven creation habits. The habit loop, the process of building such a habit, consists of three component concepts—cuing environment, routine, and harmony. The cuing environment is a habit trigger that tells the students’ brain to get prepared and go into an automatic mode, letting a learning behavior unfold. Routine refers to the behavioral patterns the students repeat most often, literally etched into their neural pathways. Harmony refers to the affective outcome of the routine activity as well as the integration or stabilization of habits; that is, through the routine behavior and action, students may feel that their needs get fulfilled, feel satisfied, and experience inner peace. It is our hope that such habitual behavior of creating knowledge can be sustained so long that students ultimately become lifelong interest-driven creators. This paper focuses on the description of the three components of the habit loop and discusses how these components are related to the interest loop and the creation loop in supporting learners in developing their interest-driven creation capability.
Experiences with legally mandated treatment in patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review of qualitative studies
Authors: Plahouras Joanne E. , Mehta Shobha , Buchman Daniel Z. , Foussias George , Daskalakis Zafiris J. , Blumberger Daniel M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Patients with severe mental illness, including schizophrenia, may be legally mandated to undergo psychiatric treatment. Patients’ experiences in these situations are not well characterized. This systematic review of qualitative studies aims to describe the experiences of patients with schizophrenia and related disorders who have undergone legally mandated treatment.

Methods:
Four bibliographic databases were searched: CINAHL Plus (1981–2019), EMBASE (1947–2019), MEDLINE (1946–2019), and PsycINFO (1806–2019). These databases were searched for keywords, text words, and medical subject headings related to schizophrenia, legally mandated treatment and patient experience. The reference lists of included studies and systematic reviews were also investigated. The identified titles and abstracts were reviewed for study inclusion. A thematic analysis was completed for the synthesis of positive and negative aspects of legally mandated treatment.

Results:
A total of 4,008 citations were identified. Eighteen studies were included in the final synthesis. For the thematic analysis, results were collated under two broad themes; positive patient experiences and negative patient experiences. Patients were satisfied when their autonomy was respected, and dissatisfied when it was not. Patients often retrospectively recognized that their treatment was beneficial. Furthermore, negative aspects of the treatment included deficits in communication and a lack of information.

Conclusions:
Intervention research has historically focused on clinical outcomes and the quantitative aspects of treatment. Thus, this study provides insight into the qualitative aspects of patients’ experiences with legally mandated treatment. Recognizing these opinions and experiences can lead to better attitudes toward treatment for patients with schizophrenia and related psychiatric illnesses.
Photocatalytic Activity of Metal Oxide Supported Gallium Oxide for CO2 Reduction with Water
Authors: Ito Ryota , Akatsuka Masato , Ozawa Akiyo , Yamamoto Muneaki , Tanabe Tetsuo , Yoshida Tomoko 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We have examined photocatalytic activities of Ga2O3 supported by various metal oxides for water splitting and CO2 reduction with water under UV light irradiation. The Ga2O3 photocatalyst supported by metal oxides was prepared by an impregnation method. We have found that some oxides used as a supporting oxide of Ga2O3 photocatalyst improve activities of water splitting and CO2 reduction. In particular, the CO production rates are well correlated to various properties of the supporting oxide. These oxides satisfy the following three criteria significantly enhancing the CO production rate. (1) Their band gap is wider than that of Ga2O3 and the position of its conduction band is at a negative potential with respect to that of Ga2O3. (2) They are not miscible with Ga2O3 and (3) mixed phases of α and γ or defective γ phase of Ga2O3 are well dispersed on them exhibiting columnar shape. These criteria would be useful for further improvement of the activity for photocatalytic CO2 reduction with water by Ga2O3.
The Impact of Sovereign Shocks
Authors: Manzo Gerardo , Picca Antonio 
Published: May 2020

This paper studies the dynamic propagation mechanisms of systemic risk shocks within and across macrosystems of governments and financial institutions. We propose a novel approach to identify relevant systemic shocks and to classify them into sovereign or banking categories. We find that sovereign shocks have a significant and persistent impact on the probability of a collective banking default. We also explore channels through which these shocks propagate and identify how sovereign fiscal fragility and banking exposure are relevant mechanisms of shock transmission.This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
Investment Decisions and Negative Interest Rates
Authors: Bracha Anat 
Published: May 2020

Prospect Theory’s value function suggests that investors would be risk averse in the gain domain and risk seeking in the loss domain—that is, the reflection effect. However, most of the experimental evidence relies on choice tasks in the gain domain between prospects marked in dollar amounts and considering non-mixed lotteries. There is not much work that examines environments with properties typical in investment decisions where the task is fund allocation involving mixed lotteries with outcomes being rate of return. The recent negative deposit rates in Europe demonstrate the importance of this question and, in particular, understanding investment decisions in the loss domain. This paper fills this gap by using a series of laboratory experiments mimicking these properties of investment decisions with a range of investment amounts and with the money to invest either being earned and literally on the table or not. Yet, no matter the settings, we find no evidence for the reflection effect in investment, and behavior is most consistent with maximizing expected return. This holds regardless of the language used (abstract or not), whether we use a two- or a three-state lottery, whether the task is continuous rather than discrete, or the risky portfolio is a mixed lottery. This paper was accepted by Chen Yan, decision analysis.
Entrevista com Bárbara Dias e Wagner Maia, fundadores do coletivo Fotoguerrilha
Authors: Suarez Bastos Jaqueline 
Published: May 2020

O debate acerca de uma mídia independente ganhou novos contornos a partir das manifestações de junho de 2013 no Brasil, sendo o estopim para o surgimento e visibilidade de vários coletivos no campo da comunicação alternativa (às mídias corporativas). Conversamos com Bárbara Dias e Wagner Maia, dois dos integrantes fundadores do coletivo de mídia independente Fotoguerrilha. Professores da rede estadual de ensino, eles falam sobre o uso da fotografia (comunicação) independente na luta por direitos, especialmente, nas manifestações populares. As entrevistas, realizadas entre outubro e novembro de 2017, fazem parte de um projeto de pesquisa mais amplo, que resultou na produção do livro-reportagem Mídia e Rua: a cobertura independente das manifestações de rua no Rio de Janeiro (ainda não publicado). Violência policial, fontes alternativas de financiamento e contrainformação são alguns dos temas abordados na entrevista a seguir.
Python machine learning based detection of Parkinson's Disease using XGBoost
Authors: malhotra smridhi 
Published: May 2020

Parkinson's disease is a progressive central nervous syst em condition that affects movement and causes tremors and stiffness.
It has 5 stages to it and affects more than 1 million people in India per year.
This is chronic and still has no cure. It is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the neurons in the brain that contain dopamine.
Влияние ожиданий населения на макроэкономические параметры: эконометрическая оценка на примере России
Authors: Балацкий Евгений Всеволодович , Екимова Наталья Александровна , Юревич Максим Андреевич 
Published: May 2020

В статье анализируется проблема влияния ментальной общественной надстройки на фундаментальные параметры экономики. Проблема конкретизируется на изучении связей между виртуальными характеристиками хозяйственной системы (инфляционными ожиданиями населения, ожиданиями в отношении динамики производства) и реальными макропеременными (индексом потребительских цен, темпами экономического роста и производительности труда, нормой накопления). Для оцифровки ожиданий населения используется несколько способов квантификации исходных данных социологических опросов; для макропеременных берутся данные Росстата. Строятся эконометрические зависимости между указанными переменными, которые прошли тесты на статистическую значимость. Модели основываются на ежемесячных данных за период 2014—2017 гг.; для определения величины временных лагов применяется предварительная процедура расчета парных коэффициентов корреляции.
Проведенные расчеты подтвердили наличие связи между ожиданиями населения и макропеременными. Введение классификации макропеременных на «легкие» (подверженные быстрым изменениям) и «тяжелые» (слабо реагирующие на эмоциональные шоки) позволило установить более общие закономерности в формировании их связей с ожиданиями населения. Кроме того, введена классификация статистических связей, предусматривающая разницу в их силе, устойчивости и скорости отклика. Показано, что по мере «утяжеления» макропеременных происходят ослабление их связи с ожиданиями населения, потеря устойчивости связи и возрастание периода отклика. Обсуждаются возможности использования полученных результатов для краткосрочного прогнозирования ключевых экономических переменных.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках государственного задания Правительства Российской Федерации Финуниверситету на 2020 г. (проект № АААА-А19-119080990043-0).
Возможности изучения ценностей молодежи через профиль социальной сети «ВКонтакте»
Authors: Забокрицкая Любовь Дмитриевна , Хлебников Николай Александрович , Орешкина Татьяна Анатольевна , Комоцкий Евгений Игоревич 
Published: May 2020

Работа посвящена изучению ценностных ориентиров молодежи через анализ профиля социальной сети «ВКонтакте». В исследовании показано, что различия в политических, религиозных и ценностных установках молодых пользователей социальной сети могут быть дифференцированы по полу и возрасту. Полученные данные сопоставлены с результатами традиционных социологических исследований. Сделан вывод о возможности изучения ценностей молодежи через анализ профиля «ВКонтакте», а также о необходимости дальнейших сравнительных исследований по данной тематике. В качестве выборочной совокупности выступает молодежь Екатеринбурга в возрасте от 14 до 30 лет, имеющая заполненный открытый профиль в социальной сети «ВКонтакте» (N = 57860). Для получения данных применены технологии работы с данными социальной сети «ВКонтакте» посредством ее API-интерфейса. Обработка собранных данных осуществлялась в IBM SPSS Statistics Base 22.0.
Благодарность. Авторы статьи выражают благодарность Ю.Р. Вишневскому (УрФУ) за поддержку и конструктивную критику.
Вызовы и перспективы реформ ЖКХ и вовлечения собственников в управление жилищным фондом: социологический анализ
Authors: Абрамова Надежда Владиславовна 
Published: May 2020

На текущем этапе реформы ЖКХ большую значимость приобретает повышение эффективности работы его институтов, и в связи с этим возникает вопрос о степени вовлеченности жильцов в общественный контроль за управлением дома. В данной статье рассматриваются различные аспекты участия жителей многоквартирных домов в соседских сообществах. Эмпирической базой анализа послужили материалы отчета общероссийского исследования «Осведомленность россиян о реформе ЖКХ», проведенного в 2016 г. ВЦИОМ по заказу Некоммерческого партнерства «Национальный центр общественного контроля в сфере жилищно-коммунального хозяйства “ЖКХ Контроль”», а также интервью с активистами многоквартирных домов. Интервью собраны в Москве, Московской, Ленинградской, Калужской областях. Теоретический подход базируется на концепции социального капитала и теории практической вовлеченности Л. Тевено. В процессе исследования было выделено два типа активистов: в новых домах — «социальные инноваторы», а в старых домах — «управдомы». При проведении общих собраний у активистов возникают сложности в мобилизации жильцов, так как они не обладают опытом в сфере гражданской и политической активности. Практики участия жителей в управлении домом находятся в стадии формирования. Активисты действуют в направлении внедрения новых практик, а обыватели не осознают их важность и их влияние на качество жилищно-коммунальных услуг. Возникший разрыв возможно уменьшить через проведение дальнейшей информационной работы Фондом содействия реформированию ЖКХ.
«Меня выводит из себя любая мелочь»: самомедикализация стресса и паттерны употребления фармацевтических препаратов в цифровом обществе
Authors: Дудина Виктория Ивановна , Руппель Анастасия Фридриховна 
Published: May 2020

Практики борьбы со стрессом и его последствиями в современном обществе все больше опираются на прием фармацевтических препаратов. В самомедикализации стресса, когда человек сам диагностирует симптомы и наделяет их статусом болезни, требующей применения медикаментов, большую роль играют интернет-ресурсы, где пользователи могут обсуждать особенности различных лекарственных препаратов. Цель исследования состоит в том, чтобы выявить типичные особенности самомедикализации стресса через изучение дискуссий пользователей интернета, обсуждающих медикаментозные способы управления стрессом. В выборку было включено 13 интернет-ресурсов, посвященных обсуждению применения фармацевтических препаратов для управления стрессом, содержащих в общей сложности 762 комментария. В результате индуктивного и дедуктивного кодирования комментариев пользователей были выделены три паттерна употребления фармацевтических препаратов: самоназначение фармацевтических препаратов, употребление фармацевтических препаратов как дополнительный способ избавления от стресса, употребление фармацевтических препаратов по назначению врача. Выделенные паттерны различаются по степени самомедикализации стресса и позволяют понять, насколько люди, которых затронула данная проблема, склонны решать ее самостоятельно с привлечением советов пользователей интернета, и в каких ситуациях они выбирают профессиональную медицинскую помощь.
Благодарность. Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 18-013-00726.