bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Genes of Breast Cancer Identified by Gene Co-expression Network Analysis
Authors: Tang Jianing , Luo Yongwen , Wu Gaosong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is the mostly diagnosed malignance in female worldwide. However, the mechanisms of its pathogenesis remain largely unknown.
Methods
In this study, we used weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify novel biomarkers associated with the prognosis of breast cancer. Gene expression profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.
Results
A total of 5 modules were identified via the average linkage hierarchical clustering. And a module significantly with the pathological grade was screened out. 33 genes with high connectivity in the clinically significant module were identified as hub genes. Among them, CASC5 and RAD51 were negatively associated with the overall survival and disease-specific survival. Similar results were observed in the validation dataset. Protein levels of CACS5 and RAD51 were also significantly higher in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues based on the analysis of the Human Protein Atlas. Convincingly, qRT-PCR analysis of breast cancer tissues and matched paracancerous tissue demonstrated that CACS5 and RAD51 were significantly upregulated in in breast cancer compared to paracancerous tissues. Further cell proliferation assay indicated that CACS5 and RAD51 depletion decreased cell proliferation capability.
Conclusion
In conclusion, our findings suggested that CASC5 and RAD51 could serve as biomarkers related to the prognosis of breast cancer and may be helpful for revealing pathogenic mechanism and developing further research.
Chlorogenic acid alleviates sepsis-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction and the underlying mechanism
Authors: Zhang Zisen , Wu Yue , Zhu Yu , Peng Xiao-yong , Xue Ming-ying , Li Tao , Liu Liangming 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Chlorogenic acid (CGA) has been shown to improve inflammatory cytokines in patients with ulcerative colitis. Vascular endothelial barrier dysfunction is closely related to sepsis. We hypothesize that CGA plays an important role in treating sepsis by protecting the mesenteric endothelial barrier.
Methods

Severe sepsis was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in SD rats. Immediately after the induction of sepsis, CGA (20 mg/kg) was administered intravenously, and the effects of CGA on mesenteric vascular leakage, hemodynamics, liver and kidney blood flow, and the ultrastructure of the mesenteric endothelial cells were determined. The transendothelial electrical resistance and the Transwell permeability assays were used for observing endothelial barrier function in vascular endothelial cells (VECs). ZO-1 and VE-cadherin expression were observed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting.
Results

FITC-BSA leakage from mesenteric micro-vessels was significantly increased after septic shock, which was significantly improved by CGA. Liver and kidney blood flow were increased by 41.2% and 38.4%, respectively, after CGA administration compared with the septic shock group. Hemodynamic status was significantly decreased after septic shock, and significantly improved by CGA. The 72-h survival rate of septic shock rats in the CGA group (50%) was significantly higher than the septic shock group (6.25%). CGA improved the tight junction opening after septic shock and also significantly up-regulated the expression of ZO-1 and VE-cadherin. CGA also protected endothelial hyperpermeability against lipopolysaccharide-stimulated VEC injury by increasing the expression of ZO-1 and VE-cadherin in vitro.
Conclusion

CGA was beneficial for endothelial barrier function in rats with septic shock, which is the major contribution to CGA with respecting to improving hemodynamic status and organ perfusion. The underlying mechanism involved CGA up-regulation of ZO-1 and VE-cadherin.
Comprehensive assessment of rheumatoid hand using cluster analysis involving parameter analysis of three major hand deformities: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study
Authors: Toyama Shogo , Oda Ryo , Tokunaga Daisaku , Tsuchida Shinji , Kushida Rie , Kawahito Yutaka , Takahashi Kenji 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Although drug therapy in rheumatoid arthritis has recently improved, treating established rheumatoid hand consisting of three major deformities—thumb deformity, finger deformities, and ulnar drift—remains a challenge. Underlying complex pathophysiology makes it difficult to comprehensively understand these deformities, and comprehensive assessment methods require accumulated skill and long learning curves. We aimed to establish an easier composite method of understanding the pathophysiology using data from our cohort and cluster analysis.
Methods
We established a rheumatoid hand cohort in 2004, and clinically evaluated 134 hands (67 patients). We repeated the evaluations in 2009 and 2015, which provided data for 297 hands and 43 hands for cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, respectively. Thumb deformities, finger deformities (swan-neck and boutonnière deformity), and ulnar drift were semi-quantified and entered as parameters into a two-step cluster (cross-sectional) analysis. Parameter distributions were considered to clarify each cluster’s characteristics. Next, hands with cluster change over the study period were reviewed to clarify deformity progression (longitudinal analysis). We also performed a stratified analysis between the clusters and the affected period to clarify whether long affected period plays an important role in deformity progression.
Results
We identified seven clusters: cluster 1: mild finger deformities; cluster 2: type 1 thumb deformity; cluster 3: type 2 thumb deformity and severe ulnar drift; cluster 4: type 3 or 4 thumb deformity and low or moderate swan-neck deformity; cluster 5: various thumb deformities and severe boutonnière deformity; cluster 6: type 1 thumb deformity and severe swan-neck deformity; and cluster 7: type 6 thumb deformity. The ulnar drift parameters were equally distributed among the clusters except for cluster 3. Larger cluster numbers generally indicated lower function. At the study endpoint, cluster 1 had changed mainly to cluster 2 or 4, cluster 2 changed to cluster 3, and cluster 7 was considered the final morphology with the lowest hand function. Patients affected for > 30 years had increased risk of rapid disability progression.
Conclusions
Our comprehensive assessment indicated seven deformity patterns and a progressive course in rheumatoid hand. Using patterns may provide rheumatologists with easier information for practical interventions and to determine functional prognosis.
Value of transesophageal echocardiography in device closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects in children via ultraminimal intercostal incision
Authors: Yu Jin , Ye Jingjing , Zhang Zewei , Yang Xiuzhen , Jin Jie , Ma Lianglong , Qian Jingjing , Zhao Lei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Investigate the value of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in pediatric perimembranous ventricular septal defect (PmVSD) closure which via a left parasternal ultra-minimal intercostal incision.
Methods

190 children with PmVSD were performed device occlusion via ultraminimal intercostal incision. TEE is used throughout the perioperative period, including preoperative accurate TEE assessment, TEE-guided localization of the puncture site, intraoperative TEE guidance, and postoperative immediate TEE assessment.
Results

186 children with PmVSD underwent successfully device closure and operation success rate is 97. 89%. The average size of PmVSDs was 3.98 ± 1.14 mm, and the average device size was 5 ± 1 mm. Preoperative TEE revealed 127 patients had single-orifice PmVSDs and 59 patients had multiple orifices shunts PmVSDs. During the operation, the surgeon readjusted the device or replaced the larger device in 17 cases due to TEE displayed abnormal indications, and all other children went smoothly. After operation, there are 17 cases of slight residual shunts, 13 cases of pericardial effusion and 4 cases of pleural effusion, and all were back to normal during the 4- month follow-up period. Mild mitral regurgitation was reported in 1 patient and remained the same during the follow-up period. Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction in a patient significantly improved. No other complications were found.
Conclusions

Under the guidance of TEE, PmVSDs can be successfully closed via ultraminimal intercostal incision in children. TEE can effectively guide the device occlusion of PmVSD. The role of TEE is very important and it act as the surgeon’s eyes.
IGF2 loss of imprinting enhances colorectal cancer stem cells pluripotency by promoting tumor autophagy
Authors: Gao Tianyi , Liu Xiangxiang , He Bangshun , Pan Yuqin , Wang Shukui 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are believed to be the driving force behind the tumor growth. So we conducted an in depth study to explore the role of IGF2 epigenetic on CRC stem cells pluripotency aiming to boarder our understanding of the mechanism on CSCs formation.
Methods
IGF2 imprint status was detected by PCR-RFLP and bisulfite sequencing. Flow cytometry analysis, Immunofluorescence(IF) and sphere-formation assay were performed to investigate the correlation between IGF2 LOI and CSCs. IF and mRFP-eGFP-LC3 fluorescence assay were further used to confirm IGF2 regulation in CSCs autophagy. Finally, RNA interference and CO-IP were conducted in vivo and vitro and the related factors involved were detected by western-blot/real-time PCR.
Results
The results showed that IGF2 LOI CRC cells usually had a higher CD133 expression and sphere forming efficiency than MOI cells. Then IGF2 LOI CSCs were also found to have a higher autophagy than MOI CSCs which further affect CSCs sphere forming efficiency. Moreover, IGF2/IR-A signal was determined to play a more important role in CSCs formation than IGF2/IGF1R. At last, by using miRNA-195 mimics, we fortunately found the up-regulated IR-A expression might be due to the degradation of miRNA-195 in CRC.
Conclusion
our results suggested IGF2 LOI promoted CRC stem cells pluripotency by promoting CSCs autophagy. For the degradation of miRNA-195, IGF2 showed a higher ability in interacting with overexpressed IR-A rather than IGF1R which would further modulate CSCs autophagy. All these findings might provide a novel mechanistic insight into the CRC diagnosis and treatment.
Validation of novel patient-centred juvenile idiopathic arthritis-specific patient-reported outcome and experience measures (PROMs/PREMs)
Authors: Lunt Laura E , Shoop-Worrall Stephanie , Smith Nicola , Cleary Gavin , McDonagh Janet , Smith Andrew D , Thomson Wendy , McErlane Flora 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background:
Measuring the outcomes that matter to children and young people (CYP) with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), is a necessary precursor to patient-centred improvements in quality of clinical care. We present a two-centre validation of novel JIA patient-reported outcome and experience measures (PROM and PREM) developed as part of the CAPTURE-JIA project.
Methods:
CYP with JIA were recruited from paediatric rheumatology clinics, completing the CAPTURE-JIA PROM and PREM, CHAQ and CHU 9D. A subset participated in face-to-face interviews and completed the PROM/PREM one week later. The OMERACT filter was applied and the three domains of validation assessed. Truth assessments included cognitive interviewing, sensitivity analysis and Spearman’s correlations. Discrimination assessments included specificity and reliability testing. Feasibility was assessed using time to form completion and proportion of missing data.
Results:
Eighty-two CYP and their families were recruited; ten cognitive interviews and fifteen PROM/PREM test/retests were conducted. Truth: CYP and parents understood the PROM/PREM and felt important areas were covered. PROM criteria had high sensitivities (> 70%) against similar items on the CHU 9D, with the exception of fatigue (58%). Correlations between similar PROM and CHU 9D criteria were moderate to very strong (coefficients 0.40–0.82.) Discrimination: high specificities (> 70%) on corresponding PROM and CHU 9D domains. Feasibility: median completion times for PROM sixty seconds (IQR 38–75) and PREM forty-nine seconds (IQR 30–60) respectively.
Conclusion:
The CAPTURE-JIA PROM and PREM are valid and feasible in UK paediatric rheumatology clinics. Embedding routine collection into clinical care would be a major step towards improving quality of care.
The views of health guideline developers on the use of automation in health evidence synthesis
Authors: Arno Anneliese Downey , Elliott Julian , Wallace Byron , Turner Tari , Thomas James 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background The increasingly rapid rate of evidence publication has made it difficult for evidence synthesis – systematic reviews and health guidelines -- to be continually kept up-to-date maintain the most up-to-date data. One proposed solution for this is the use of automation in health evidence synthesis. Guideline developers are key gatekeepers in the acceptance and use of evidence, and therefore their opinions on the potential use of automation are crucial. Methods The objective of this study was to analyse the attitudes of guideline developers towards the use of machine learning and crowd-sourcing in evidence. The Diffusion of Innovations framework was chosen as an initial analytical framework because it encapsulates some of the core issues which are thought to affect the adoption of new innovations in practice. This well-established theory posits five dimensions which affect the adoption of novel technologies: Relative Advantage , Compatibility , Complexity , Trialability , and Observability . Eighteen interviews were conducted with individuals who were currently working, or had previously worked, in guideline development. After transcription, a multiphase mixed deductive and grounded approach was used to analyse the data. First, transcripts were coded with a deductive approach using Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation as the top-level themes. Second, sub-themes within the framework were identified using a grounded approach. Results Participants were consistently most concerned with the extent to which an innovation is in line with current values and practices (ie. Compatibility in the Diffusion of Innovations framework. Participants were also concerned with Relative Advantage and Observability , which were discussed in approximately equal amounts. For the latter, participants expressed a desire for transparency in methodology of automation software. Participants were noticeably less interested in Complexity and Trialability , which were discussed infrequently. These results were reasonably consistent across all participants. Conclusions If machine learning and other automation technologies are to be used more widely and to their full potential in systematic reviews and guideline development, it is crucial to ensure new technologies are in line with current values and practice. It will also be important to maximize the transparency of the methods of these technologies to address the concerns of guideline developers.
Application of diffusion tensor imaging in detecting microstructural alteration of the trigeminal nerve root in patients with classical trigeminal neuralgia without neurovascular compression
Authors: Wu Min , Qiu Jun , Jiang Xiaofeng , Li Mingwu , Wang Si-De , Dong Qingsheng , Fu Xianming , Niu Chaoshi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to detect microstructural alteration and influence of surgical intervention of the trigeminal nerve root (TR) in patients with classical trigeminal neuralgia (CTN) without neurovascular compression (woNVC) who had undergone internal neurolysis (IN).
Methods

Overall, 21 patients with CTN woNVC who underwent IN and 20 healthy controls were included prospectively. The differences in the means, kurtosis and skewness of each of the diffusivity metrics between the affected and unaffected nerves in patients and both nerves in controls, were then analyzed using the independent t test. Data from the affected side and the unaffected side before and 1 years after IN were compared.
Results

There were significantly different mean and kurtosis values for both FA and ADC of the affected side TR, compared to the unaffected side and control group respectively before IN. 1 year after surgery, most of these differences significantly reduced in comparison between the affected side and unaffected side, the affected side and control group, and these trends were also in accordance with the relief of pain. The Pearson correlation coefficient showed a strong negative correlation between decrease of ADC in the affected side compared to the surgical outcome in BNI total score.
Conclusions

The changes of diffusive property of TR could explain the efficiency of IN. The pretreatment DTI metrics could be an effective prognostic factor for providing potential noninvasive, brain-based biomarkers to support an optimal treatment selection for individual patients with CTN woNVC.
How Can We Improve Knowledge and Perceptions of Menstruation? A Mixed-methods Research Study
Authors: Moon Gayoung , Kim Inkyung , Kim Habhin , Choe Suwan , Jeon Soyeon , Hong Sujeong , Cho Jeonghun , Lee Jisan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Traditionally, menstrual education has been conducted in the form of lectures directed mainly towards women. This study aimed to design an innovative menstrual education (ME) program that reflects the needs of both young women and men, and to verify its effectiveness.Methods A mixed-method design was used to determine the requirements of an ME program and to assess young adults’ knowledge and perceptions of menstruation and menstrual products. Focus group interviews were conducted with 17 young adults, and 150 young adults participated in an online survey. After developing the ME program, 10 young adults participated in an experiment to verify its effectiveness.Results The interview results showed that young adults wanted more knowledge of various types of menstrual products. The online survey revealed significant differences in knowledge based on participants’ general characteristics and experience; exposure to menstruation and menstrual products had a positive impact on knowledge and perception. In addition, the results indicated that young adults would like ME content to be available on mobile devices and via in-person methods, to be designed for both genders, to draw on menstrual experts’ knowledge, and to incorporate multi-experimental methods. Considering the results, a multi-experimental menstrual education (MEME) program was designed, utilizing hands-on exposure to 60 menstrual products, simulations of the products’ use with a female perineal model, a YouTube video created by the researchers, a true-or-false quiz, and question-and-answer sessions with menstrual experts.Conclusions This study clarified the requirements of an innovative menstrual education program. Consequently, the MEME program not only led to high satisfaction among participants, but also helped to improve knowledge and perceptions of menstruation and menstrual products. In the online survey, results showed a correlation between the extent of received ME, and respondents’ perception of menstrual products. This implies that MEME could change perceptions of menstruation and menstrual products when conducted systematically; by extension, it would contribute to addressing the cause of menstruation-related problems attributed to poverty. Future research could further verify the effectiveness of the MEME program, using a larger sample, for the program’s incorporation into official ME curricula, such as at universities and companies.Trial registration This trial was registered in a Clinical Research Information Service in Korea that was linked with the World Health Organization’s International Clinical Trial Registry Platform (WHO’s ICTRP) (no. KCT0004715), Registered 07 Feb 2020, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/search_result_st01.jsp?seq=15855
Acceptability of quality indicators for the management of endometrial, cervical and ovarian cancer: results of an online survey
Authors: Luyckx Annemie , Wyckmans Leen , Bonte Anne-Sophie , Trinh Xuan Bich , Dam Peter van 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Measuring quality indicators (QI’s) is a tool to improve the quality of care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acceptability of 36 QI’s, defined after a literature search (doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2018.10.051) for the management of endometrial, cervical and ovarian cancer. Relevant specialists in the field of interest were surveyed.

Methods: To quantify the opinions of these specialists, an online survey was sent out via mailing to members of gynaecological or oncological societies. The relevance of each QI was questioned on a scale from one to five (1 = irrelevant, 2 = less relevant, 3 = no opinion/neutral, 4 = relevant, 5 = very relevant). If a QI received a score of 4 or 5 in 65% or more of the answers, we state that the respondents consider this QI to be sufficiently relevant to use in daily practice.

Results: The survey was visited 238 times and resulted in 53 complete responses (29 Belgian, 24 other European countries). The majority of the specialists were gynaecologists (45%). Five of the 36 QI’s (13,9%) did not reach the cut-off of 65%: referral to a tertiary center, preoperative staging of endometrial cancer by MRI, preoperative staging of cervical cancer by positron-emission tomography, incorporation of intracavitary brachytherapy in the treatment of cervical cancer, reporting ASA and WHO score for each patient. After removing the 5 QI’s that were not considered as relevant by the specialists and 3 additional 3 QI’s that we were considered to be superfluous, we obtained an optimized QI list.

Conclusion: As QI’s gain importance in gynecological oncology, their use can only be of value if they are universally interpreted in the same manner. We propose an optimized list of 28 QI’s for the management of endometrial, cervical and ovarian cancer which responders of our survey found relevant. Further validation is needed to finalize and define a set of QI’s that can be used in future studies, audits and benchmarking .
Relationship of chronic endometritis with chronic deciduitis in cases of miscarriage.
Authors: Kaku Shoji , Kubo Takuro , Kimura Fuminori , Nakamura Akiko , Kitazawa Jun , Morimune Aina , Takahashi Akimasa , Takebayashi Akie , Takashima Akiko , Kushima Ryoji , Murakami Takashi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The presence of chronic deciduitis (CD) was determined in patients diagnosed with or without chronic endometritis (CE) before pregnancy to study the effect of CE on decidua in cases of miscarriage.Methods: Decidual tissue was obtained from the patients who miscarried at the first pregnancy within a year after the diagnosis of the presence or absence of CE. The number and distribution pattern of plasma cells stained with CD138 in decidual tissue in 10 high-power fields (HPFs) was examined. The prevalence of CD diagnosed with four different grade; grade 0, no plasma cell in 10 HPFs, thus Non-CD ;grade 1, rare single plasma cells; grade 2, rare clusters or more than 5 single cells total; and grade 3, many plasma cells with more than 5 clusters, were examined and compared between Non-CE and CE.Results: The incidence rate of CD of grade2+3 was significantly higher in CE than Non-CE (53.8%; 7/13 vs. 0%; 0/13, P<0.01). Presence of clusters or a number of plasma cells in 10 HPFs of decidua showed a sensitivity of 53.8%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, and a negative predictive value of 68.4% for the diagnosis of CE.Conclusion: Presence of clusters of plasma cells or five or more of plasma cells in decidua was found in more than half of CE, but not found in Non-CE. When CD with cluster or five or more of plasma cells is confirmed histologically in miscarriage decidual tissue, the presence of CE before the pregnancy should be suspected.