bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Care Associated Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter Infections in a Tertiary Critical Care Center of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Mia Md Faruk , Khan Arif Ahmed , Chakraborty Anjana 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Acinetobacter spp, emerged as important pathogen exhibiting increasing antimicrobial resistance. Worldwide, multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter is being established as a significant cause of health-care-associated infections along with their resistant trait.
Methods:This retrospective, cross-sectional study was done in critical care centers (CCC) of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) from May to September 2016. Total 69 patients with infection by Acinetobacter were included in this study. Center for Disease Control (CDC) criteria for selection of nosocomial infection were used. Specimen were inoculated in blood and MacConkey agar, incubated 24 hours at 37°C in aerobic condition and yield in plates were examined. Antibiotic resistance of isolated organisms were observed in Mueller Hinton agar sensitivity media by using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method.
Results:Among the total 69 (males 27, females 42,) and age range 2-75 years, Acinetobacter infected patients, 31 were from medical, 23 from surgical and 15 were from high dependency unit (HDU). Specimens were tracheal aspirate (24, 34.80%), urine (18, 26.90%), wound swab (12, 17.40%), pus (6, 8.70%), high vaginal swab (6, 8.70%) and bronchoalveolar lavage (3, 4.35%). Empiric antibiotics were given in all, one course of antibiotic was used in one, in others two or more courses were given. In the study, total 17 antibiotics were used for identifying resistance pattern of Acinetobacter isolates. Ceftazidime (91.30%), ceftriaxone (91.30%), amikacin(52.20%), gentamicin (33.33%), cotrimoxazole (50%) and ciprofloxacin (65.22%) were mostly resistant. Colistin appeared as most effective antibiotic with only 7.70% resistance rate.
Conclusion: Acinetobacter, isolated in this study were resistant to most antibiotics. Colistin was the most sensitive one. Multi drug resistance (DR), extended DR and pan DR Acinetobacter organisms are reported worldwide, work on clinical presentation, trends of drug use in particular set up is important to combat the situation of ‘Going out of drug state’.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(2): 59-63
Association between Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Rahman Anisur , Raihan ASMA , Ahmed Dewan Saifuddin , Karim Mohammad Enamul , Saeed Atia , Siddique Abu Raihan , Sadat SM Anwar 
Published: March 2020

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) remains one of the most common worldwide human infections and is associated with a number of important upper gastrointestinal (GI) conditions including chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric carcinoma and special type of lymphoma. Anaemia is a common disorder in developing countries and the commonest cause is iron deficiency. There are many causes for high prevalence of this disorder in our society, many are well-known and investigated while some are new and not well established. Although H. pylori associates peptic ulcers and gastric malignancy can cause bleeding, resulting in iron deficiency, but majority of patients infected with H. pylori does not have ulcer or malignancy. They usually have chronic gastritis that is not associated with GI bleeding. About 35% of iron deficiency anaemia cases remain unexplained after a gastrointestinal evaluation. Recently investigation focused on the role of H. pylori, in the development of extra-gastrointestinal diseases including Iron deficiency anaemia.
Methodology: This observational, cross sectional study was carried out at BSMMU, Dhaka from July 2010 to October 2011 to find out the association between H. pylori infection and iron deficiency anemia in Bangladeshi adults. Patients with dyspepsia and indication of upper GI endoscopy were initially enrolled in the study and finally a total of 168 subjects were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Result: Among 168 patients, 105 (62.5%) were male and 63(37.5%) were female with the mean age of 33.25 years. On endoscopy, 147(87.5%) of the patients had normal findings and 21(12.5 %) had erosive gastritis. None of them had hemorrhagic erosive gastritis. Among 168 patients, 115(68.45%) were positive and 53(31.55%) were negative for H. pylori by rapid urease test. In our study, we have found a significant low mean serum ferritin level (P<0.001) in H. pylori infected patients. This result is consistent with most of previous data concerning the effect of H. pylori infection on iron metabolism. This study has also revealed a significant (P<0.001) lower value of mean MCV and MCH in H. pylori positive patients. Regarding hemoglobin value, our study has showed no significant (P>0.05) different in hemoglobin level according to H. pylori status.
Conclusion: Though there was no significant low hemoglobin level in our study, mean hemoglobin level was low in H. pylori positive patient. In our study H. pylori was not significantly associated with iron deficiency anemia but it was significantly associated with iron deficiency.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(2): 68-78
Comparison of Juvenile and Adult Onset Refractory Spondyloarthritis Patients Attending a Tertiary Rheumatology Clinic
Authors: Islam Md Nazrul , Islam Khaleda 
Published: March 2020

Objectives: To compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of juvenile onset refractory spondyloarthritis (JOSpA) with a group of adult-onset refractory spondyloarthritis (AOSpA) patients.
Methods: In this real-life, cross-sectional study, a total of 215 SpA patients (refractory to two NSAIDs and/or DMARDs) were enrolled following ASAS classification criteria from a rheumatology center in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Based on age, the patients were divided into JOSpA group and AOSpA group for analysis. The patients’ demographics, quality of life, laboratory and clinical characteristics were compared and analyzed between the two groups using chisquare and independent sample t-test.
Results: Among 215 patients, 57 (53 males, 4 females) were in JOSpA group, and 158 (126 males, 32 females) were in AOSpA group. Most patients were male in both groups (P=0.02). The mean age at diagnosis for JOSpA and AOSpA were 27.68±9.5 and 40.28±10 years respectively (P=0.00), and mean age at onset of disease in JOSpA and AOSpA were 12.33±3.62 and 29.58±96.5 years respectively. The mean disease duration was 15.36±9.3 months in JOSpA compared to 10.70±7.1 months in AOSpA group (P=0.00). Sixteen (28.1%) JOSpA and 9 (5.7%) AOSpA patients were undernourished, (P=0.00). On the contrary, obesity was more prevalent in AOSpA patients (41.1%) than those in JOSpA patients (21.1%) (P=0.00). There were significant differences in mean haemoglobin (11.38±1.7 and 10.94±1.3 g/dl) (P=0.05) and mean serum creatinine (0.94±0.2 and 0.86±0.2 mg/dl) (P=0.03) levels in AOSpA and JOSpA groups respectively. HLA-B27 was done in 20 JOSpA and 61 AOSpA patients. Among them, 19 (95%) were positive in JOSpA and 55 (90.16%) were positive in AOSpA groups. Similarly, hips involvement was higher in JOSpA group 19 (33.3%) compared to the AOSpA group 21 (13.3%) (P=0.004). Significant differences were observed in mean disease activity parameters, patient global assessment (PGA) (7.86±1.2 vs 7.38±1.4, P=0.02), ASDAS-CRP (4.60±0.8 vs 4.33±0.9, P=0.05), and ASDAS-ESR (4.49±0.8 vs 4.17±1.0, P=0.02) in JOSpA and AOSpA groups respectively. The modified Stoke AS Spinal Score (mSASSS) in AOSpA group was higher (24.18±17.22) than that of JOSpA group (17.10±9.6) (P=0.00).
Conclusions: In JOSpA patients, under nutrition, hip involvement, longer disease duration, uveitis, PGA, low Hb level and ASDAS-ESR disease activity scores were higher. On the contrary in AOSpA group, male gender, married subjects, obesity, higher creatinine level and mSASSS scores were higher.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(2): 79-85
Pengaruh Keputusan Investasi, Ukuran Perusahaan, Keputusan Pendanaan dan Kebijakan Deviden Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Sektor Pertambangan
Authors: Amaliyah Fitri , Herwiyanti Eliada 
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the study was to determine whether there are effects of investment decision, company size, funding decision, and on deviden policy toward firm value. This type of research is correlational research, with quantitative research. This study uses secondary data taken from the IDX website data. The sample used in this study proved 40 companies consisting of the mining sector registered on the Stock Exchange during the period from 2015-2018. The sampling technique selected with certain criteria by using purposive sampling method. While the data analysis method used was the descriptive analysis and multiple regression analysis with an analysis tool using SPSS 22. The result of this study show that investment decision, company size, funding decision, and dividen policy are not significant to the value of the company.Keywords: Invesment Decision; Company Size; Funding Decision; Dividend Policy; Firm ValueTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh keputusan investasi, ukuran perusahaan, keputusan pendanaan dan kebijakan dividen terhadap nilai perusahaan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasi, dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diambil dari website data BEI. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 40 perusahaan yang terdiri dari sektor pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2015-2018. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan alat analisis menggunakan SPSS 22. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa keputusan investasi, ukuran perusahaan, keputusan pendanaan dan kebijakan dividen tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan.Kata Kunci: Keputusan Investasi; Ukuran Perusahaan; Keputusan Pendanaan; Kebijakan Dividen; Nilai Perusahaan.
Upaya Brand Salience untuk Mendorong Terjadinya Brand Resonance
Authors: Hariyadi Guruh Taufan , Nuryanto Imam , Wijaya Michaela Pratiwi 
Published: March 2020

This study aims to examine an integrated model of brand salience, perceived quality, buying decision, brand feeling, and brand resonance to the readers of Suara Merdeka Newspaper in Semarang. The sample of this study was 135 readers of Suara Merdeka Newspaper in Semarang. Exogenous and endogenous measurements have been approved using confirmatory analysis. Furthermore, it is analyzed with the Structural Equation Model to examine the causality relationship between the variables that influence and are measured by brand salience, purchasing decisions, perceived quality, brand feelings and brand resonance. Conclusions from the results of this study indicate that to increase brand resonance can be obtained through brand feelings obtained from the confidence of the purchase results due to brand excellence (Brand Salience).Keywords: : Brand Resonance; Brand Salience; Brand Feeling; buying decision; Perceived Quality 3Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji model terintegrasi brand salience, perpsepsi kualitas, keputusan pembelian, brand feeling, brand resonance kepada para pembaca Surat Kabar Suara Merdeka di Semarang. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 135 pembaca Surat Kabar Suara Merdeka di Semarang. Pengukuran eksogen dan endogen telah diuji dengan menggunakan analisis konfirmatori. Selanjutnya dianalisis dengan Structural Equation Model untuk pengujian hubungan kausalitas antar variabel-variabel yang mempengaruhi dan dipengaruhi oleh brand salience, keputusan pembelian, perceived quality, brand feeling dan brand resonance. Simpulan dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan Brand Resonance dapat dicapai melaui Brand Feeling yang diperoleh dari keyakinan keputusan pembelian karena kemenonjolan merek (Brand Salience).Kata Kunci: Brand Resonance; Brand Salience; Brand Feeling; Keputusan Pembelian; Perceived Quality
Penetapan Total Flavonoid, Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor (Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn.)
Authors: Julianawati Tinta , Hendarto Hendy , Widjiati Widjiati 
Published: March 2020

Moringa pterygosperma is one of the plants in Indonesia that is often used in herbal medicine. Moringa leaves contain many phytochemical compounds, one of the compounds is flavonoids which function as antioxidants. Flavonoid compounds in vitro can inhibit lipid peroxidation by breaking the chain of peroxyl radicals. Moringa leaf benefits in the field of herbal medicine are formed with a variety of preparations. One of the preparations is in the form of extracts with the aim of attracting chemical components to natural materials The extraction process has a disadvantage because the level of solubility in water is still low. The nanoparticle technique is a strategy to increase the bioavalbicibility of herbal active compounds. This research was experimental in order to determine the total flavonoid levels contained in Moringa leaf extract. In addition, it was also to find out the antioxidant activity and particle size of the moringa leaf extract nanoparticles. Determination of flavonoid levels using spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant activity of moringa leaf extract nanoparticles was tested using the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-picrylhdrazyl) and to determine the particle size used by using the Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). The results of the study showed total flavonoid levels in moringa leaf extract (1.97 ± 1.07)%. Antioxidant activity of 451.8 ppm with a reduction of 2.8% and particle size in the moringa leaf extract nanoparticles of ± 134.78 nm. Moringa leaf extract nanoparticles include low antioxidants.
Keywords: moringa; nanoparticles; antioxidants
Utility of Peritoneal Scintigraphy in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: One Center Experience
Authors: Sosa Barrios R. Haridian , Rioja Martín María Eugenia , Burguera Vion Víctor , Santos Carreño Astrid Lucía , Fernández Lucas Milagros , Rivera Gorrín Maite E. 
Published: March 2020

Background
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is the RRT of choice in 15% of patients with CKD and has multiple advantages over hemodialysis. PD leaks can prompt technique failure and dropout. Use of peritoneal scintigraphy (PS) for diagnosis of PD leaks has declined in favor of more complex and expensive tests. We analyzed the utility of PS for PD leak diagnosis in our center.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed all PS done in our center from January 2000 until December 2018, inclusive, in all patients on PD with a suspected dialysate leak.

Results
A total of 39 PS procedures were done in 36 patients on PD in the study period. Of those, 81% were male and 11% had CKD due to polycystic kidney disease. During this period, 23 leaks were diagnosed, showing an incidence of 6% (three episodes per patient per year). In all cases with negative PS, other tests did not confirm a peritoneal dialysate leak.

Conclusions
PS is a safe, inexpensive, reproducible, and highly effective diagnostic tool for peritoneal dialysate leaks that allows nephrologists to tailor or stop PD therapy if required. In our opinion, it should be the first-line imaging test to diagnose PD leaks with minimum exposure to radiation, contrast, or other substances that could irritate the peritoneal membrane. We believe PS should be considered as the initial test of choice to diagnose this PD complication as soon as possible, minimizing technique failure and dropout due to leaks.
α1-Acid Glycoprotein Attenuates Adriamycin-Induced Nephropathy via CD163 Expressing Macrophage Induction
Authors: Fujimura Rui , Watanabe Hiroshi , Nishida Kento , Fujiwara Yukio , Koga Tomoaki , Bi Jing , Imafuku Tadashi , Kobayashi Kazuki , Komori Hisakazu , Miyahisa Masako , Maeda Hitoshi , Tanaka Motoko , Matsushita Kazutaka , Wada Takashi , Fukagawa Masafumi , Maruyama Toru 
Published: March 2020

Background
Recent clinical studies have shown that proteinuria is a critical factor in the progression of CKD and onset of cardiovascular disease. Inflammation and infiltration of macrophages into renal tissue are implicated as causes of proteinuria. α1-Acid glycoprotein (AGP), an acute-phase plasma protein, is leaked into the urine in patients with proteinuria. However, the relationship between urinary leakage of AGP, renal inflammation, and proteinuria remains unclear.

Methods
Human AGP (hAGP) was exogenously administrated for 5 consecutive days to adriamycin-induced nephropathy model mice.

Results
Adriamycin treatment increased urinary AGP, accompanied by decreased plasma AGP in mice. Exogenous hAGP administration to adriamycin-treated mice suppressed proteinuria, renal histologic injury, and inflammation. hAGP administration increased renal CD163 expression, a marker of anti-inflammatory macrophages. Similar changes were observed in PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells treated with hAGP. Even in the presence of LPS, hAGP treatment increased CD163/IL-10 expression in differentiated THP-1 cells.

Conclusions
AGP alleviates proteinuria and renal injury in mice with proteinuric kidney disease via induction of CD163-expressing macrophages with anti-inflammatory function. The results demonstrate that endogenous AGP could work to protect against glomerular disease. Thus, AGP supplementation could be a possible new therapeutic intervention for patients with glomerular disease.
EL COSTEO BASADO EN LA ACTIVIDAD EN LAS UNIVERSIDADES: UNA HERRAMIENTA PARA LA GESTIÓN ESTRATÉGICA Y LA CREACIÓN DE VALOR
Authors: Ficco Cecilia Rita 
Published: March 2020

Ante la actual configuración de la relación estado-universidades-sociedad, las universidades nacionales deben rendir cuentas externas ante quienes tienen intereses en ellas suministrando información objetiva. Pero, además, deben desarrollar internamente procesos de planificación y control acordes a las actuales demandas. Surge entonces el problema de diseñar sistemas de información para la gestión adaptados a las particulares características de estas organizaciones.
En relación a esta problemática se ha diseñado un modelo de costos basado en la actividad para el ámbito universitario, el cual fue experimentado en la Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo describir los aspectos generales del modelo diseñado, como así también, fundamentar la importancia que el mismo tiene, en la metodología de la cadena de valor, para el planeamiento y el control estratégico.
Especificidades del proceso estratégico en Pymes Argentinas: un Estudio de Casos
Authors: Fardelli Corropolese Claudio , Diaz Daiana Valeria , Gonzalez Natalia Lorena , Szlechter Diego Fabián 
Published: March 2020

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un estudio en el que se analiza el proceso estratégico, con eje en la articulación de los componentes explícitos y tácitos, de pequeñas y medianas empresas. Consideramos que el proceso estratégico en las pymes tiene ciertas especificidades que lo diferencian de los procesos de las grandes firmas. En el mismo confluyen recursos, capacidades organizacionales, habilidades, trayectorias empresariales y el pensamiento estratégico del empresario pyme. Estas especificidades otorgan ventajas y limitaciones en el desarrollo de las etapas del proceso decisorio en el que se definen las estrategias para la organización.
El trabajo de campo consistió en la realización de entrevistas en profundidad a empresarios pyme. Como conclusiones finales de nuestro trabajo de investigación identificamos, principalmente, un tipo de proceso estratégico que se aleja de la perspectiva tradicional del planeamiento estratégico y se acerca a un proceso centrado en el empresario pyme o dueño, que trabaja con proyectos acotados y específicos, valiéndose de cierta información y una tríada conformada por conocimiento, experiencia e intuición.
Ruralidad del empleo agropecuario en la región pampeana.
Authors: Pellegrini Jose Luis 
Published: March 2020

En esta tesis se ofrece una explicación económica para la proporción de población ocupada en el sector agropecuario que es rural y su distribución espacial, en la región pampeana al comenzar el siglo XXI. Por rural se entiende que reside en campo abierto, de acuerdo a los criterios censales utilizados en la Argentina para definir a la población rural dispersa.
Se sostiene que la ruralidad del empleo agropecuario en cada área y sus alrededores depende de la importancia relativa de la agricultura y otras producciones agropecuarias, pero también de variables menos evidentes que a la postre resultan empíricamente más relevantes: los grados de urbanización del área y riqueza de la población agraria.
Se obtienen esas conclusiones mediante un análisis conceptual de los costos comparativos de organizar la transacción de trabajo agropecuario con población rural o población urbana, en tanto el lugar de residencia afecta las actividades productivas y domésticas de los trabajadores. El problema se define como de organización económica en el nivel mesoeconómico, que tiene detrás uno más elemental: el de organización de la transacción de trabajo.
Metodológicamente, en el aspecto conceptual se procede de manera abstracto-deductiva a partir de una representación estilizada del problema en cuestión, y en el empírico se realiza un estudio de corte transversal con datos censales, que culmina en un análisis econométrico espacial que no rechaza las principales hipótesis específicas deducidas.
Enseñar en la universidad. Saberes necesarios y experiencias de formación
Authors: Pierella María Paula 
Published: March 2020

Entre los años 2009 y 2010, en el marco del trabajo de campo de mi tesis doctoral, realicé una serie de entrevistas a estudiantes próximos a egresar de diferentes Facultades de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR). Me orientaba el interés por indagar los modos en que los jóvenes universitarios interpretaban la cuestión de la autoridad pedagógica. Ese estudio me permitió arribar a una serie de conclusiones sobre la heterogeneidad existente en las formas de construcción de los vínculos entre docentes y estudiantes en la universidad contemporánea. Heterogeneidad en la que incide, en gran medida, la especificidad de las culturas institucionales y disciplinares .
No obstante, en términos generales, independientemente de la facultad o carrera de pertenencia, podemos afirmar que, entre otras cuestiones sobre las que no nos detendremos aquí, los estudiantes asignaron autoridad a aquellos docentes que no sólo plantean un saber acerca de la disciplina, sino un saber sobre la enseñanza. En este sentido, recordaban especialmente a aquellos profesores que “saben y saben enseñar”.
Los límites analíticos de la economía dominante y la propuesta de la Economía Ecológica
Authors: Fernández Macor Claudio L. , López Calderón Alberto 
Published: March 2020

La teoría económica dominante se ha convertido en una barrera
para que políticos, académicos y estudiantes puedan entender y transformar la realidad socioeconómica y socioambiental que nos rodea. A través de una superposición de supuestos y precondiciones han construido una representación imaginada, y por tanto irreal, de la sociedad, los individuos y sus relaciones, que impide una aproximación científica a los grandes problemas del siglo XXI. Por otra parte, la hegemonía y la rigidez, que se imponen en los círculos académicos
y políticos, bloquean el acceso al conocimiento de teorías económicas críticas, que consideramos más cercanas y comprometidas con la realidad.
En el artículo se desarrollan los siguientes temas: 1) evidenciar mecanismos de silenciamiento que se ejecutan sobre las perspectivas económicas críticas; 2) mostrar las debilidades de la teoría económica neoclásica para explicar la dinámica económica haciendo explicito lo absurdo de algunos supuestos sobre los que se asienta; 3) introducir a modo de reflexiones finales, algunos elementos de una nueva disciplina económica: la Economía Ecológica, en la convicción de que permite una mejor explicación de la realidad socio ambiental contemporánea con la finalidad de transformarla.