bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Accounting Credibility of Garuda Indonesia Financial Transactions with Mahata Aero Teknologi
Authors: Gusti Girang Permata , Budianto Agnes Bieattant 
Published: May 2020

This study aims to analyze the feasibility of recording financial statements in 2018 carried out by Garuda Indonesia, specifically transactions conducted by Garuda companies with Mahata. Using descriptive research methods, which include case studies and document review. The results obtained are that the transaction entitlement to the payment commitment by Mahata to the Garuda which is recorded in the other income section is incorrect, that should not be recognized all as other income based on PSAK 23 "revenue", revenue recognition of rights compensation costs should be recognized based on the PSAK 30 "rent". In addition there are indications Mahata's inability to carry out part of it large scope of work and pay fees compensation rights according to the invoice deadline.

Keywords—Garuda Indonesia; Mahata;Acrual based; Cash based
Penyuluhan Tentang Peran Ilmu Geologi Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Area Perkebunan dan Pertanian di Desa Bantan Tua
Authors: Yuskar Yuniarti , Mairizki Fitri , Putra Dewandra Bagus Eka , Prayitno Budi , Cahyaningsih Catur 
Published: May 2020

Polusi udara yang semakin hari semakin parah menyebabkan permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat sekitar lahan yang dibakar, bahkan merambah ke wilayah yang lebih jauh. Selain itu harga bahan pangan yang semakin meningkat akibat dari semakin berkurangnya produksi bahan pertanian dan perkebunan juga menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya suatu solusi yang ramah lingkungan dalam merubah fungsi lahan dan bahkan bisa disesuaikan dengan jenis tanaman yang ingin di tanam di suatu lahan. Agrogeologi, satu bidang ilmu yang baru dikembangkan, dimana ilmu geologi diaplikasikan ke dalam bidang pertanian dan perkebunan. Modifikasi komposisi tanah dengan menambahkan material-material geologi, seperti batuan, merupakan salah satu solusi yang dapat dengan mudah diaplikasikan oleh masyarakat tanpa harus mencemari lingkungan. Diketahui masyarakat Desa masih kesulitan dalam mengatasi masalah kondisi lahan pertanian mereka, selain itu masih ada warga membuka lahan dengan cara yang kurang ramah lingkungan.
Pelatihan Mikrotik Dalam Rangka Persiapan Ujian Kompetensi Keahlian (UKK) SMK Negeri 1 Kuala Kampar
Authors: Syukur Abdul , Efendi Akmar , Siswanto Apri , Arta Yudhi 
Published: May 2020

Di era digital seperti saaat ini lulusan Sekolah Menengah Pertama cenderung lebih memilih Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) daripada Sekolah Menengah Umum (SMU) atau Madrasah Aliyah (MA) untuk melanjutkan pendidikannya. SMK menjadi lebih populer karena banyak faktor. Salah satu faktor tersebut adalah lulusan SMK dianggap lebih siap menghadapi dunia kerja. Salah satu SMK di Riau adalah SMK Negeri 1 Kuala Kampar. Sekolah yang berstatus kepemilikan pemerintah daerah ini berdiri pada tahun 2015 dengan tanggal SK pendirian 20 Desember 2015. Teknik Komputer Jaringan (TKJ) menjadi salah satu jurusan yang diandalkan di sekolah ini karena jurusan ini memiliki peserta didik lebih banyak daripada jurusan lainnya. Akan tetapi sangat disayangkan jumlah gu ru produktif jurusan TKJ di sekolah ini sangat minim. Hal itu terjadi karena banyak guru PNS yang SK pengangkatannya ditempatkan di sekolah ini meminta mutasi kepada Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Riau ke daerah perkotaan. Letak sekolah yang agak terisolasi dan jauh dari kota menjadi salah satu alasan mereka enggan mengajar di sekolah tersebut dan kemudian melakukan mutasi. Setiap tahunnya Ujian Kompetensi Keahlian (UKK) jurusan TKJ terdiri atas tiga paket dan ketiga paket tersebut menggunakan router mikrotik untuk dikerjakan oleh siswa secara praktek
Computer vision syndrome: prevalence and predictors among students
Authors: Arshad Sonya , Qureshi Muhammad Faisal , Ali Muhammad , Piryani Komal , Shafqat Komal , Mateen Madiha , Waheed Mahnoor , Rohaila Mahnoor , Amin Manal 
Published: May 2020

Background: Globally around 60 million people are suffering from Computer vision syndrome (CVS). A well-known eye and vision-related problem resulting from prolonged computer, tablet, e-reader and cell phone use. Viewing a digital screen often increases the visual load therefore the aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of CVS among students.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st September 2018 to 31st May 2019 on a sample of 320 students from diverse physiotherapy institutes of Karachi. Participants of both genders between the age of 18-24 years were included in the study. Data regarding demographics, CVS assessment, associated symptoms, intensity of symptoms and daily vision routine was recorded. CVS was assessed using a standardized CVS questionnaire (CVS-Q) and analyzed using SPSS version 21.
Results: A total of 320 physiotherapy students with a mean age of 21.04+0.8 years were enrolled in the study, majority of them were females 245(76.6%). Out of these, 186 students were diagnosed with CVS as they scored ≥6 on Segui and Colleagues CVS questionnaire with headache being the most prevalent symptom (63.1%) followed by itching (52.8%), increased sensitivity to light (43.6%), eye pain (42.6%) and feeling of foreign body (39.5%). Among the activities involved in daily vision routine, optical use and sitting posture were significantly associated with CVS.
Conclusion: It can be concluded from the study results that CVS is highly prevalent among physiotherapy students, one of the reasons for this might be the increased digital screens usage for academic purpose and clinical decision making.
Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among healthcare professionals at tertiary care hospitals, Karachi – Pakistan
Authors: Ayub Yameema , Anjum Raheela , Margrat Shabana , Ashraf Azeem , Qayyum Saira 
Published: May 2020

Background: The prevalence and severity of mental health issues among the healthcare professionals (HPs) has escalated during the past few years. Depression, anxiety and stress are common complaints among the HP’s, having a profound impact on their personal and professional life. The purpose of this study was to assess the severity level of depression, anxiety and stress among HPs at tertiary care hospitals of Karachi.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2019 at three tertiary care teaching hospitals of Karachi including Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre (JPMC), National Institute of Child Health (NICH) and National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD). Total 260 HPs (doctors, nurses, physiotherapist, pharmacist, laboratory technician and nursing technicians) were selected through convenience sampling method. In addition to the demographic details, the prevalence and severity score of depression, anxiety and stress was assessed using depression, anxiety and stress scale 42 (DASS 42). The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.
Results: Among 260 HP’s, 48.5% were males and 51.5% were females, moderate depression was found in 33(12.7%) HP’s, 28(10.8%) had severe depression while 6(2.3%) were suffering from extremely severe depression. Anxiety levels were moderate in 67(25.8%), 32(12.3%) and 21(8.1%) reported severe and very severe anxiety respectively. Moreover, stress levels were moderate among 45(17.3%) HP’s, while severe and very severe levels were observed among 13(5%) and 7(2.7%) responders respectively. There was no association in between the sociodemographic characteristics and depression, anxiety and stress (p>0.05).
Conclusion: It was observed that most of the HP’s were suffering from mild to moderate depression, anxiety and stress. Further research is required to explore the possible contributing factors and methods for eradication of this health issue.
Comparative analysis of perceived medical school stress among freshman & graduate year senior students
Authors: Minhas Farhat , Mujtaba Muhammad , Jamil Sohail , Javed Unaiza , Rabbani MUhammad Waqas , Minhas Iftikhar 
Published: May 2020

Background: Research indicates that medical students are exposed to higher stress levels due to extensive academic programs. In order to control this public health issue, it is important to understand the significance and impact of stress on the personal as well as professional life of the medical school students. To compare the perceived medical school stress among freshman and graduate year students of Medical School.
Methodology: This cross-sectional – comparative analysis, was conducted on a sample of 200 medical students from three different private medical colleges at Lahore. No gender or age-related bias was observed and the initial sample (chosen via simple random sampling). Basic biodata, sociodemographic details and score of the Perceived Medical School Stress (PMSS) were recorded using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS v.21 & Microsoft Excel 2017.
Results: Among, the 200 students chosen to be a part of the study, 100 were freshman (i.e. were first year students) with a mean age of 19 ± 0.5 years and 100 were graduate year senior students (i.e. were final year students) with a mean age of 22.9 ± 0.8 years. 29.5% of the sample comprised of males while the remaining 70.5% were females. The mean difference between the two groups of students in the PMSS academic domain was just - 0.59 (p = 0.587) and the mean difference in the psychosocial domain was 0.54 (p = 0.788). The mean difference in the total PMSS score was 0.05 (p = 0.999).
Conclusion: After careful consideration, it is concluded that the mean perceived medical school stress among medical students does not differ much between freshman and graduate year students. However, despite not being much diverse in both groups was the mean scores those are higher than what may be considered healthy for medical students. Thus factors, other than increasing educational years and the resultant increase in the difficulty of the course may be explored.
Comparison of Anxiety levels among Medical & Engineering Students
Authors: Ahmed Sarfaraz , Abdullah Kiran , Ghani Abdul 
Published: May 2020

Background: Medical and Engineering educational programs are widespread and difficult, which frequently leads to anxiety. The basic objective of this study was to compare the anxiety levels among medical & engineering students.
Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out among students of different medical & engineering universities of Karachi from August 2018 to February 2019. A simple stratified sampling technique was used, 250 medical students and 150 engineering students including both genders participated in the study. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of socio demographic profile, details on anxiety episodes, causes of anxiety, physical symptoms and ways to overcome anxiety was utilized in this study.
Results: Findings showed that among 250 medical students 160(64%) had anxiety out of which 49% were moderate and 15% were in severe anxiety. On the other hand, 54 (36%) engineering students had anxiety. Social interactions (45%) and university/work (35%) were the prime cause of anxiety as indicated by study population.
Conclusion: Significant differences were shown between medical and engineering students. Our study suggests that medical students experience more anxiety than engineering students.
Prevalence of dysmenorrhic pain among students; its impact and management
Authors: Firdous Uzma , Fatima Noaima , Yasmeen Ghazala , Naz Lubna 
Published: May 2020

Background: Dysmenorrhoea is a common gynecological problem affecting 60-70% of the adolescent menstruating females. It has been widely neglected but it known to affect the quality of life and is the major cause of absenteeism among adolescent females. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and impact of dysmenorrhea and the management strategies used by the students.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March to December 2015 at University of Karachi. A total of 350 female university students were randomly selected and dysmenorrhea was assessed using a self-administrated questionnaire. Data regarding demographic characteristics like age, physical measurements, dietary habits, family history, menstrual history, pattern of pain, pain intensity, stress and use of pharmacological agents used for coping was collected and statistically analyzed using SPSS Version 20.
Results: A total of 350 female students were enrolled in the study, of which 300 reported having dysmenorrhea with high prevalence in follicular phase i.e. 36%. The pain characteristics were also recorded and cramping pain was reported by 20.6% of students followed by stabbing (18.6%) and abdominal distention (9.3%). Among the major associated systemic complaints with dysmenorrhea were headache (54.7%), nausea (50%), LBP (50%) and bloating (43.3%). Majority of females preferred medication for pain relief, ibuprofen was the drug of choice (14%) followed by paracetamol (12%). Among non-pharmacological approaches, relaxing therapy was ideal according to 18.6% of students.
Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea is a prevalent cause of distress among the female students, although the condition is prevalent it is considered as a general complaint and mostly neglected. This menstrual complication is coupled with various symptoms that affect daily activities and quality of life.
Why I March?
Authors: Faiza Ahmed  
Published: May 2020

The tale is as old as time, women have been fighting for their rights for centuries. Their lives have always been restricted, and the rationale is unelucidated. They constantly face inequality in the society, be it in the western world or more conservative countries of the world. It never came easy for women; they not only had to raise voice for the basic rights which their counterparts are already endowed with.
In 1913, first big rally was arranged by Woman Suffrage Procession, it was the first big public meeting in Washington D.C. for sanction voting for women in the entire country of United States of America. The March was attended by many women and sadly the March was attacked by police of Washington State, injuring around 300 women. The state police also mentioned “There would be nothing like this happen if you would have stayed at home”. Even though in some states of USA, women were permitted to vote since 1869 however, the entire country did not get the right to vote until 1919, which was a big achievement for the women globally. Women of USA and Europe have had many public gatherings to increase awareness about importance of being an equal citizen in the society.
Creative destruction caused by the cosmetic products; A false signal
Authors: Syeda Farah Batool  , Yusra Saleem  , Stephen Riaz  , Sadaf Ahmed  
Published: May 2020

Background: The Cosmetic industry now dominates the global standards of beauty due to the unreal definition of an ideal appearance. Advertising companies are playing with the human psychology and have displayed such a perfect body image that now people feel disappointed with their natural appearance and tend to opt the cosmetic products for a perfect look. The purpose of this research was to explore the attitude and opinion of females regarding cosmetic products and to evaluate the factors of self-esteem, makeup involvement and makeup satisfaction.
Methodology: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2018. A total of 107 females from diverse affiliations were enrolled in the study. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire inquiring the respondent’s demographic details, together with the information regarding cosmetics use, preferences and perceptions etc. Five-point Likert scale was used for rating the level of happiness/satisfaction with and without makeup and questions pertaining to the responder’s perception of self-image and makeup involvement. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS Version 22.0.
Results: The mean age of the respondents was 21.5±4.68 years and the age when they first started wearing makeup was 17.14±2.87 years. Based on the results, 42.1% females were very happy with their natural face features without makeup while 55.1% preferred applying makeup. Moreover, latest trends (64.8%), discounts (17.6%), advertisements (16.7%) and morning shows (3.7%) were among the major sources capturing females for cosmetic purchase. 57.0% were involved in cosmetic purchase monthly and 30.8% were those spending 1000 to 2000 PKR per month on cosmetic products. Women mostly preferred cosmetic products for facial care (43.9%) and to improve self-image (28.0%). Although 55.1% of them preferred wearing no makeup to school or work while 39.3% would wear little makeup. Regarding the cosmetic use and purpose, 41.1% females strongly agreed to the fact that they feel good when their makeup is good. Moreover, 15.0% voted for confidence and desirability and 13.1% agreed that it is mainly used for hiding flaws.
Conclusion: Although equal number of women reported loving their natural features without makeup as compared to those preferring makeup but it might be indicative of personal bias as it is evident that the women today wants to be seen confident and attractive. The unbreakable trend set by cosmetic companies and media marketers completely influenced the society and for fulfilling the desires for ideality we reach out to hide all odds.
Forgotten History of empowered women
Authors: Muhammad Moiz Khan  
Published: May 2020

Background: Since the time immemorial half of the humanity has been ignored and hardly mentioned in the history book compared to the other half of humanity. History has been written by men, of men and for men. There is tons of literature talking about and glorifying kings, generals, lords, inventors, poets, writers, philosophers, artists, that were men. However not much literary work has been produced on the same scale to exalt the other gender.
Methodology: The literature search was employed through electronic databases including Embase, PubMed, Research gate, Scopus & Google Scholar. The most difficult question to settle before embarking upon this research was which personalities should be selected for fulfilling the criteria of the research. Eventually selection was made covering most parts of the globe since ancient times.
Results: The study of history reveals the fact that women in the past have contributed in almost every field yet they were just mentioned in margins of history and as a support, rather than the main characters. Although women have influenced in many fields but this study revolves around few empowered women who influenced socio-political arena of their time and space.
Conclusion: It has become imperative to bring the forgotten past of these women to build upon the rational of gender equality.
An Assessment of Gender Inequality: A Case Study of Pakistan
Authors: Azeema Begam  , Nooreen Mujahid  
Published: May 2020

Background: The gender assessment highlights the prevailing gap in multiple dimensions that exist between males and females, and challenges which Pakistan faces related to gender issues. Achieving this objective requires in-depth understanding of economic and non-economic factors because the existing data only provide gender differences in selected dimensions such as, education, health, political and labour force participation. Moreover, gender gap is observable due to lack of access to resources and opportunities, constrains on female’s mobility, lack of education and information.
Methodology: The study presents a detailed gender assessment to explore gender gap in political participation, health, education and economic activity in Pakistan. The analysis is based on the secondary data drawn from reports published by several governmental, international development agencies, and local non-governmental organizations. The gender disparity between male and female’s living create biasness which leads to social, cultural and economic inequality. Therefore, this assessment enlightens gender roles, relations and control over resources between both genders in order to realize full potential and constrains of economic and human development.
Results: Findings from gender assessment can be used to formulate various strategies and policies for addressing gender issues.
Conclusion: Public policies related to government spending on health and education should be targeted on the basis of gender while identify the regions where higher gender disparity exists. Especially government spending on education and health will play significant role in betterment of females in rural areas.
Pengelolaan Panen Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Kebun Adolina, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Thoha Amalia Aldina , Sudradjat . 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Adolina dari tanggal 21 Oktober sampai dengan 21 Februari 2014. Kegiatan penelitian ini secara umum bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang budidaya tanaman kelapa sawit dan secara khusus menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi kelapa sawit yaitu pemanenan. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Kebun Adolina memiliki luas areal 7 812 ha kelapa sawit. Tingkat produktivitas kebun rata-rata antara tahun 2009-2013 sebesar 23.65 ton ha-1 Tandan Buah Segar. Kebun ini memiliki 1 177 karyawan dan secara umum sudah menerapkan teknik budidaya kelapa sawit sesuai dengan Prosedur Operasional Baku (SOB) yang telah ditetapkan oleh perusahaan. Berdasarkan analisis statistik kapasitas pemanen karyawan potong buah yaitu terdapat pada selang 145.75 ± 58.17 TBS pemanen-1.
Manajemen Pemanenan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) di Kebun Bagan Kusik Estate, Ketapang, Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Suryantoro Wisnu Bakti , Sudradjat . 
Published: May 2020

Kegiatan penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Bagan Kusik Estate, PT Harapan Sawit Lestari, KalimantanBarat dari 10 Februari sampai 10 Juni 2014. Kegiatan penelitian memberikan pengalaman kerja danmeningkatkan kemampuan mahasiswa menjadi lebih terampil bekerja di perkebunan kelapa sawit khususnya dalam hal manajemen pemanenan. Manajemen pemanenan yang diamati adalah rotasi panen, angka kerapatan panen, kriteria matang panen, prestasi kerja, tenaga kerja, dan transportasi hasil. Pengamatan rotasi panen dan tenaga kerja mengunakan analisis uji t-studet dan uji korelasi. Hasil uji t-student menyatakan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang nyata antara interval panen standar dengan realisasi terhadap pencapaian target produksi. Rotasi yang berubah-ubah akan mempengaruhi produksi kelapa sawit. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi diketahui bahwa faktor umur, lama kerja, tingkat pendidikan berkorelasi positif terhadap produksi kelapa sawit. Pelaksanaan manajemen pemanenan di Kebun Bagan Kusik Estate mulai dari persiapan panen, cara memanen, dan transportasi TBS ke pabrik sudah dilaksanakan dengan baik, sehingga produksi setiap tahun kelapa sawit mengalami peningkatan.