bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential Riccati equation‐based adaptive stabilization for switched linear systems
Authors: Yuan Shuai , Li Le , Cai Bo , Zhang Lixian 
Published: October 2019

SummaryIn this paper, a novel adaptive control design is proposed to stabilize a class of switched linear systems with parametric uncertainties and disturbances. In particular, a family of differential Riccati equations that holds for the finite switching intervals are established, of which the closed‐form solutions are exploited to develop the Lyapunov function for the closed‐loop system. This Lyapunov function is imposed to be decreasing at and between two arbitrary switching instants by solving a group of matrix inequalities, based on which the adaptive controllers for switched linear system with and without disturbances are proposed, respectively. In the nondisturbed setting, asymptotic stability of the adaptive switched linear system is achieved, while the system is bounded in a mean square sense in the disturbed setting. A numerical example of flight control for F4E fighter aircraft is used to illustrate the proposed adaptive control methodology.
Light Generation in Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: LEDs, Color Converters, Lasers, and Other Applications
Authors: Yan Fei , Tan Swee Tiam , Li Xiao , Demir Hilmi Volkan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFacile solution processing lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (LHP‐NCs) exhibit superior properties in light generation, including a wide color gamut, a high flexibility for tuning emissive wavelengths, a great defect tolerance and resulting high quantum yield; and intriguing electric feature of ambipolar transport with moderate and comparable mobility. As a result, LHP‐NCs have accomplished great achievements in various light generation applications, including color converters for lighting and display, light‐emitting diodes, low threshold lasing, X‐ray scintillators, and single photon emitters. Herein, the considerable progress that has been made thus far is reviewed along with the current challenges and future prospects in the light generation applications of LHP‐NCs.
The Maxwell group in 2+1 dimensions and its infinite-dimensional enhancements
Authors: Salgado-Rebolledo Patricio 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe Maxwell group in 2+1 dimensions is given by a particular extension of a semi-direct product. This mathematical structure provides a sound framework to study different generalizations of the Maxwell symmetry in three space-time dimensions. By giving a general definition of extended semi-direct products, we construct infinite-dimensional enhancements of the Maxwell group that enlarge the ISL(2, ℝ) Kac-Moody group and the$$ {\hat{\mathrm{BMS}}}_3 $$BMŜ3group by including non-commutative supertranslations. The coadjoint representation in each case is defined, and the corresponding geometric actions on coadjoint orbits are presented. These actions lead to novel Wess-Zumino terms that naturally realize the aforementioned infinite-dimensional symmetries. We briefly elaborate on potential applications in the contexts of three-dimensional gravity, higher-spin symmetries, and quantum Hall systems.
Microscopic origin of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of supersymmetric AdS5 black holes
Authors: Cabo-Bizet Alejandro , Cassani Davide , Martelli Dario , Murthy Sameer 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
We present a holographic derivation of the entropy of supersymmetric asymp­totically AdS5 black holes. We define a BPS limit of black hole thermodynamics by first focussing on a supersymmetric family of complexified solutions and then reaching extremality. We show that in this limit the black hole entropy is the Legendre transform of the on-shell gravitational action with respect to three chemical potentials subject toa con­straint. This constraint follows from supersymmetry and regularity in the Euclidean bulk geometry. Further, we calculate, using localization, the exact partition function of the dual

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= 1 SCFT on a twisted S
1 × S
3 with complexified chemical potentials obeying this constraint. This defines a generalization of the supersymmetric Casimir energy, whose Legendre transform at large N exactly reproduces the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the black hole.
Charged particle production rate from cosmic censorship in dilaton black hole spacetimes
Authors: Ong Yen Chin , Yao Yuan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Hiscock and Weems showed that under Hawking evaporation, an isolated asymptotically flat Reissner-Nordström (RN) black hole evolves in a surprising manner: if it starts with a relatively small value of charge-to-mass ratio Q/M, then said value will temporarily increase along its evolutionary path, before finally decreases towards zero. This contrasts with highly charged ones that simply radiate away its charge steadily. The combination of these two effects is the cosmic censor at work: there exists an attractor that flows towards the Schwazschild limit, which ensures that extremality — and hence naked singularity — can never be reached under Hawking evaporation. We apply the scheme of Hiscock and Weems to model the evaporation of an asymptotically flat dilatonic charge black hole known as the Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger (GHS) black hole. We found that upholding the cosmic censorship requires us to modify the charged particle production rate, which remarkably agrees with the expression obtained independently via direct computation of charged particle production rate on curved spacetime background. This not only strengthens the case for cosmic censorship, but also provides an example in which cosmic censorship can be a useful principle to deduce other physics. We also found that the attractor behavior is not necessarily related to the specific heat, contrary to the claim by Hiscock and Weems.
Higher spin supersymmetry at the cosmological collider: sculpting SUSY rilles in the CMB
Authors: Alexander Stephon , James Gates S. , Jenks Leah , Koutrolikos K. , McDonough Evan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe study the imprint of higher spin supermultiplets on cosmological correlators, namely the non-Gaussianity of the cosmic microwave background. Supersymmetry is used as a guide to introduce the contribution of fermionic higher spin particles, which have been neglected thus far in the literature. This necessarily introduces more than just a single additional fermionic superpartner, since the spectrum of massive, higher spin super- multiplets includes two propagating higher spin bosons and two propagating higher spin fermions, which all contribute to the three point function. As an example we consider the half-integer superspin Y =s+ 1/2 supermultiplet, which includes particles of spin valuesj=s+ 1,j=s+ 1/2,j=s+ 1/2 andj=s. We compute the curvature perturbation 3-point function for higher spin particle exchange and find that the knownPs(cosθ) angu- lar dependence is accompanied by superpartner contributions that scale asPs+1(cosθ) and$$ {\sum}_m{P}_s^m\left(\cos \theta \right) $$∑mPsmcosθ, withPsand$$ {P}_s^m $$Psmdefined as the Legendre and Associated Legendre polynomials respectively. We also compute the tensor-scalar-scalar 3-point function, and find a complicated angular dependence as an integral over products of Legendre and associated Legendre polynomials.
From Minkowski to de Sitter in multifield no-scale models
Authors: Ellis John , Nagaraj Balakrishnan , Nanopoulos Dimitri V. , Olive Keith A. , Verner Sarunas 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
We show the uniqueness of superpotentials leading to Minkowski vacua of single-field no-scale supergravity models, and the construction of dS/AdS solutions using pairs of these single-field Minkowski superpotentials. We then extend the construction to two- and multifield no-scale supergravity models, providing also a geometrical interpretation. We also consider scenarios with additional twisted or untwisted moduli fields, and discuss how inflationary models can be constructed in this framework.
IIB flux non-commutativity and the global structure of field theories
Authors: Etxebarria Iñaki García , Heidenreich Ben , Regalado Diego 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe discuss the origin of the choice of global structure for six dimensional (2,0) theories and their compactifications in terms of their realization from IIB string theory on ALE spaces. We find that the ambiguity in the choice of global structure on the field theory side can be traced back to a subtle effect that needs to be taken into account when specifying boundary conditions at infinity in the IIB orbifold, namely the known non-commutativity of RR fluxes in spaces with torsion. As an example, we show how the classification of$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 4 theories by Aharony, Seiberg and Tachikawa can be understood in terms of choices of boundary conditions for RR fields in IIB. Along the way we encounter a formula for the fractional instanton number of$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 4 ADE theories in terms of the torsional linking pairing for rational homology spheres. We also consider six-dimensional (1,0) theories, clarifying the rules for determining commutators of flux operators for discrete 2-form symmetries. Finally, we analyze the issue of global structure for four dimensional theories in the presence of duality defects.
SCFT/VOA correspondence via Ω-deformation
Authors: Jeong Saebyeok 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe investigate an alternative approach to the correspondence of four­ dimensional$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 2 superconformal theories and two-dimensional vertex operator algebras, in the framework of the Ω-deformation of supersymmetric gauge theories. The two­dimensional Ω-deformation of the holomorphic-topological theory on the product four­ manifold is constructed at the level of supersymmetry variations and the action. The supersymmetric localization is performed to achieve a two-dimensional chiral CFT. The desired vertex operator algebra is recovered as the algebra of local operators of the resulting CFT. We also discuss the identification of the Schur index of the$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 2 superconformal theory and the vacuum character of the vertex operator algebra at the level of their path integral representations, using our Ω-deformation point of view on the correspondence.
Evidence for natural attenuation of 1,4-dioxane in a glacial aquifer system
Authors: Jackson Leah E. , Lemke Lawrence D. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Although 1,4-dioxane is generally thought to be recalcitrant, recent studies suggest it may degrade in the subsurface under ideal conditions. A fuller understanding of natural attenuation processes affecting 1,4-dioxane is therefore needed to assess its potential for in situ bioremediation. This investigation employed multiple lines of evidence to evaluate attenuation of 1,4-dioxane at the Gelman Site beneath the city of Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. Data from a network of groundwater monitoring wells were used to determine attenuation metrics at individual wells and at the scale of a prominent 1,4-dioxane plume. A series of plume maps and historical remediation data were used to calculate changes in aqueous phase mass storage, mass influx rates, and mass removal rates over a 12-year period (2005–2017). Individual point and plume-scale metrics indicate that attenuation may be occurring at rates too small to meaningfully contribute to remediation results at the site. Conversely, plume-scale mass balance calculations reveal a 1,4-dioxane storage surplus for the first 6 years, followed by a storage deficit during the remaining 6 years that cannot be explained by mass influx or removal estimates, respectively. Mass balance deficits observed in this aquifer system are attributable to biodegradation and/or unrecognized discharge to surface water and storm drain systems at rates similar to remedial pump-and-treat mass removal during 2011–2017.
Comparison of adsorption of selected antibiotics on the filters in continuous renal replacement therapy circuits: in vitro studies
Authors: Onichimowski Dariusz , Ziółkowski Hubert , Nosek Krzysztof , Jaroszewski Jerzy , Rypulak Elżbieta , Czuczwar Mirosław 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the adsorption of selected antibiotics: vancomycin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacine and tigecycline in an experimental continuous veno-venous hemofiltration circuit with the use of both polyethyleneimine-treated polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and the polysulfone (PS) filter membranes. The crystalloid fluid dosed with one of antibiotic was pumped from a reservoir through a hemofiltration circuit (with PAN or PS membrane) and back to reservoir. All ultrafiltrate was also returned to the reservoir. During the procedures samples were collected from the post-hemofilter port at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min. To determine spontaneous degradation of the antimicrobials, an additional bag with each study drug was prepared, which was not attached to the hemofiltration circuit. The samples from these bags were used as controls. In the case of vancomycin, gentamycin and tigecycline there was a statistically significant decrease in the drug concentration in the hemofiltration circuit in comparison to the control for PAN membrane (P < 0.05,P < 0.001,P < 0.001, respectively). In the case of ciprofloxacine adsorption was reversible and the drug concentrations increase to achieve the initial level for both membranes. Our studies indicated that a large portion of the administered dose of antibiotics may be adsorbed on a PAN membrane. In the case of gentamicin and tigecycline this amount is sufficiently big (over 90% of the administered dose) to be of clinical importance. In turn, adsorption on PS membranes is clearly lower (up to 10%) and may be clinically unimportant.
How averse are the UK general public to inequalities in health between socioeconomic groups? A systematic review
Authors: McNamara Simon , Holmes John , Stevely Abigail K. , Tsuchiya Aki 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
There is growing interest in the use of “distributionally-sensitive” forms of economic evaluation that capture both the impact of an intervention upon average population health and the distribution of that health amongst the population. This review aims to inform the conduct of distributionally sensitive evaluations in the UK by answering three questions: (1) How averse are the UK public towards inequalities in lifetime health between socioeconomic groups? (2) Does this aversion differ depending upon the type of health under consideration? (3) Are the UK public as averse to inequalities in health between socioeconomic groups as they are to inequalities in health between neutrally framed groups? EMBASE, MEDLINE, EconLit, and SSCI were searched for stated preference studies relevant to these questions in October 2017. Of the 2155 potentially relevant papers identified, 15 met the predefined hierarchical eligibility criteria. Seven elicited aversion to inequalities in health between socioeconomic groups, and eight elicited aversion between neutrally labelled groups. We find general, although not universal, evidence for aversion to inequalities in lifetime health between socioeconomic groups, albeit with significant variation in the strength of that preference across studies. Second, limited evidence regarding the impact of the type of health upon aversion. Third, some evidence that the UK public are more averse to inequalities in lifetime health when those inequalities are presented in the context of socioeconomic inequality than when presented in isolation.
Analysis of the shortest relay queue policy in a cooperative random access network with collisions
Authors: Saxena M. , Dimitriou I. , Kapodistria S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The aim of this work concerns the performance analysis of systems with interacting queues under the join the shortest queue policy. The case of two interacting queues results in a two-dimensional random walk with bounded transitions to non-neighboring states, which in turn results in complicated boundary behavior. Although this system violates the conditions of the compensation approach due to the transitions to non-neighboring states, we show how to extend the framework of the approach and how to apply it to the system at hand. Moreover, as an additional level of theoretic validation, we have compared the results obtained with the compensation approach with those obtained using the power series algorithm and we have shown that the compensation approach outperforms the power series algorithm in terms of numerical efficiency. In addition to the fundamental contribution, the results obtained are also of practical value, since our analysis constitutes a first attempt toward gaining insight into the performance of such interacting queues under the join the shortest queue policy. To fully comprehend the benefits of such a protocol, we compare its performance to the Bernoulli routing scheme as well as to that of the single relay system. Extensive numerical results show interesting insights into the system’s performance.
Phenotyping reproductive stage chilling and frost tolerance in wheat using targeted metabolome and lipidome profiling
Authors: Cheong Bo Eng , Ho William Wing Ho , Biddulph Ben , Wallace Xiaomei , Rathjen Tina , Rupasinghe Thusitha W. T. , Roessner Ute , Dolferus Rudy 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionFrost events lead to A$360 million of yield losses annually to the Australian wheat industry, making improvement of chilling and frost tolerance an important trait for breeding.ObjectivesThis study aimed to use metabolomics and lipidomics to explore genetic variation in acclimation potential to chilling and to identify metabolite markers for chilling tolerance in wheat.MethodsWe established a controlled environment screening assay that is able to reproduce field rankings of wheat germplasm for chilling and frost tolerance. This assay, together with targeted metabolomics and lipidomics approaches, were used to compare metabolite and lipid levels in flag leaves of two wheat varieties with contrasting chilling tolerance.ResultsThe sensitive variety Wyalkatchem showed a strong reduction in amino acids after the first cold night, followed by accumulation of osmolytes such as fructose, glucose, putrescine and shikimate over a 4-day period. Accumulation of osmolytes is indicative of acclimation to water stress in Wyalkatchem. This response was not observed for tolerant variety Young. The two varieties also displayed significant differences in lipid accumulation. Variation in two lipid clusters, resulted in a higher unsaturated to saturated lipid ratio in Young after 4 days cold treatment and the lipids PC(34:0), PC(34:1), PC(35:1), PC(38:3), and PI(36:4) were the main contributors to the unsaturated to saturated ratio change. This indicates that Young may have superior ability to maintain membrane fluidity following cold exposure, thereby avoiding membrane damage and water stress observed for Wyalkatchem.ConclusionOur study suggests that metabolomics and lipidomics markers could be used as an alternative phenotyping method to discriminate wheat varieties with differences in cold acclimation.
Integrating diversity of smallholder coffee cropping systems in environmental analysis
Authors: Acosta-Alba Ivonne , Boissy Joachim , Chia Eduardo , Andrieu Nadine 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Coffee represents an important trade asset internationally. Around 70% of global coffee production is provided by 25 million smallholders farmers. In recent decades, coffee systems have been transformed into more intensified systems of coffee monoculture. The general objectives of this paper are to provide a better picture of the traditional coffee cropping systems and postharvest processes on-farm and to assess the environmental impacts, integrating the diversity of smallholder cropping systems.

Methods
A Life Cycle Assessment from cradle to farm gate was performed for three cropping systems representative of Colombian coffee cultivation according to the associated crops and shadow trees: coffee alone (CA), coffee with transition shade (CTS), and coffee with permanent shade (CPS). The system studied includes inputs, agricultural production and postharvest operations using the wet method. The final product of farms is parchment bean coffee at farm gate. The technology used is representative of the average practices of smallholder coffee growers in the region. To address multiple functions of coffee, three functional units (FU) were selected: area by time (ha*year−1 unit area), productivity (ton of parchment coffee) and farmers income (1000 USD$). Seven midpoint categories were selected: climate change, acidification, terrestrial eutrophication, freshwater eutrophication, marine eutrophication, freshwater ecotoxicity, and water resource depletion.

Results and discussion
We present the life cycle inventory and impact assessment results from three types of cropping systems CA, CTS and CPS. For all FU, the CPS system has the lowest potential impact, excepted for marine eutrophication. CPS also has the highest coffee yields, however it has also the highest costs. Even if cropping system diversification is only one of multiple factors that influence environmental performance, agroforestry seems to be a promising path to reduce and mitigate environmental impacts by decreasing off-fam contributions (input fabrication).

Conclusions
Results show the possibility that diversified cropping systems have an influence when assessing potential environmental impacts of coffee at farm gate and differences found might be influenced by shading in traditional coffee systems. Future work is needed to consider the real potential of CTS cropping system including land use and carbon dynamics. Assessments including social indicators and the rest of the value chain in particular coffee industrial transformation and utilization are also needed since the consumption stages are also a key driver to reduce the environmental footprint of coffee.
Hypomagnesaemia and its determinants in a contemporary primary care cohort of persons with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Waanders Femke , Dullaart Robin P. F. , Vos Michel J. , Hendriks Steven H. , van Goor Harry , Bilo Henk J. G. , van Dijk Peter R. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Aims
Among persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) hypomagnesaemia has been reported in 14–48% of patients. This may be of significance given the emerging associations of hypomagnesaemia with glucometabolic disturbances and possibly even complications. We assessed the prevalence of hypomagnesaemia and its determinants, in a well-defined cohort of persons with T2DM treated in primary care.

Methods
Observational cohort study among persons with T2DM treated in primary care in the Northeast of the Netherlands. Magnesium was measured using a colorimetric endpoint assay (Roche). Hypomagnesaemia was defined as a serum magnesium level <0.70 mmol/L. Pearson correlations were performed to correlate variables with serum magnesium. Next, a stepwise backward regression model was made.

Results
Data of 929 persons (55% male) with a mean age of 65 (± 10) years, diabetes duration 6.5 [3.0–10.1] years, and HbA1c concentration 6.7 (± 0.7)% (50 (± 9) mmol/mol) were analysed. Serum magnesium was 0.79 (± 0.08) mmol/L. The percentage of persons with magnesium deficiency was 9.6%. Age, diabetes duration, BMI, HbA1c, use of metformin, sulfonylurea derivatives, and DPP4 inhibitors were negatively associated with magnesium concentrations. In contrast, LDL cholesterol and serum creatinine were positively associated serum magnesium.

Conclusions
Hypomagnesaemia was present in 9.6% of T2DM patients treated in primary care. This percentage is remarkably lower than reported previously, possibly due to the unselected nature of our population. Concerning T2DM-related factors, only BMI, HbA1c and the use of metformin, sulfonylurea derivatives and DPP4 inhibitors correlated negatively with magnesium concentrations.