bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired Postnatal Myelination in a Conditional Knockout Mouse for the Ferritin Heavy Chain in Oligodendroglial Cells
Authors: Wan Rensheng , Cheli Veronica T. , Santiago-González Diara A. , Rosenblum Shaina L. , Wan Qiuchen , Paez Pablo M. 
Published: August 2020

To define the importance of iron storage in oligodendrocyte development and function, the ferritin heavy subunit (Fth) was specifically deleted in oligodendroglial cells. Blocking Fth synthesis in Sox10 or NG2-positive oligodendrocytes during the first or the third postnatal week significantly reduces oligodendrocyte iron storage and maturation. The brain of Fth KO animals presented an important decrease in the expression of myelin proteins and a substantial reduction in the percentage of myelinated axons. This hypomyelination was accompanied by a decline in the number of myelinating oligodendrocytes and with a reduction in proliferating oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). Importantly, deleting Fth in Sox10-positive oligodendroglial cells after postnatal day 60 has no effect on myelin production and/or oligodendrocyte quantities. We also tested the capacity of Fth-deficient OPCs to remyelinate the adult brain in the cuprizone model of myelin injury and repair. Fth deletion in NG2-positive OPCs significantly reduces the number of mature oligodendrocytes and myelin production throughout the remyelination process. Furthermore, the corpus callosum of Fth KO animals presented a significant decrease in the percentage of remyelinated axons and a substantial reduction in the average myelin thickness. These results indicate that Fth synthesis during the first three postnatal weeks is important for an appropriate oligodendrocyte development, and suggest that Fth iron storage in adult OPCs is also essential for an effective remyelination of the mouse brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTo define the importance of iron storage in oligodendrocyte function, we have deleted the ferritin heavy chain (Fth) specifically in the oligodendrocyte lineage. Fth ablation in oligodendroglial cells throughout early postnatal development significantly reduces oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination. In contrast, deletion of Fth in oligodendroglial cells after postnatal day 60 has no effect on myelin production and/or oligodendrocyte numbers. We have also tested the consequences of disrupting Fth iron storage in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) after demyelination. We have found that Fth deletion in NG2-positive OPCs significantly delays the remyelination process in the adult brain. Therefore, Fth iron storage is essential for early oligodendrocyte development as well as for OPC maturation in the demyelinated adult brain.
Differential Gene Expression Between Polymorphic Zooids of the Marine BryozoanBugulina stolonifera
Authors: Treibergs Kira A , Giribet Gonzalo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBryozoans are a diverse phylum of marine and freshwater colonial invertebrates containing approximately 6,300 described living species. Bryozoans grow by budding new physiologically connected colony members (zooids) from a founding individual that forms from a metamorphosed larva. In some species these zooids come in different shapes and sizes and are specialized to serve different tasks within the colony. A complex interaction of genotype, environment, and developmental pathway shapes zooid fate, however, the specific mechanisms underlying the establishment of this division of labor remain unknown. Here, the first characterization of differential gene expression between polymorphic zooids of a bryozoan colony is presented. The development of different zooid types of lab-cultured Bugulina stolonifera colonies including feeding autozooids, avicularia (derived non-feeding zooids that are homologous to feeding autozooids but shaped like a bird’s beak), and rhizoids (a branching network of non-feeding anchoring zooids) was explored using RNA sequencing, de novo transcriptome assembly, and differential gene expression analyses. High throughput sequencing of cDNA libraries yielded an average of 14.9 ± 1.3 (SE) million high-quality paired-end reads per sample. Data for the first de novo transcriptome assemblies of B. stolonifera and the first characterization of genes involved in the formation and maintenance of zooid types within a bryozoan colony are presented. In a comparison between autozooid and avicularium tissues, 1,097 significant differentially expressed genes were uncovered. This work provides a much-needed foundation for understanding the mechanisms involved in the development of polymorphic zooids and the establishment of division of labor in bryozoans.
Legal Performance-Enhancing Substances and Substance Use Problems Among Young Adults
Authors: Ganson Kyle T. , Mitchison Deborah , Murray Stuart B. , Nagata Jason M. 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND:
Legal performance-enhancing substance(s) (PES) (eg, creatine) are widely used among adolescent boys and young men; however, little is known about their temporal associations with substance use behaviors.

METHODS:
We analyzed prospective cohort data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, Waves I to IV (1994–2008). Logistic regressions were used to first assess adolescent substance use (Wave I) and use of legal PES (Wave III) and second to assess use of legal PES (Wave III) and subsequent substance use–associated risk behaviors (Wave IV), adjusting for potential confounders.

RESULTS:
Among the sample of 12 133 young adults aged 18 to 26 years, 16.1% of young men and 1.2% of young women reported using legal PES in the past year. Adolescent alcohol use was prospectively associated with legal PES use in young men (odds ratio 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13–1.70). Among young men, legal PES use was prospectively associated with higher odds of problematic alcohol use and drinking-related risk behaviors, including binge drinking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.35; 95% CI 1.07–1.71), injurious and risky behaviors (aOR 1.78; 95% CI 1.43–2.21), legal problems (aOR 1.52; 95% CI 1.08–2.13), cutting down on activities and socialization (aOR 1.91; 95% CI 1.36–2.78), and emotional or physical health problems (aOR 1.44; 95% CI 1.04–1.99). Among young women, legal PES use was prospectively associated with higher odds of emotional or physical health problems (aOR 3.00; 95% CI 1.20–7.44).

CONCLUSIONS:
Use of legal PES should be considered a gateway to future problematic alcohol use and drinking-related risk behaviors, particularly among young men.
Back to restitutives (again): A syntactic account of restitutive and counterdirectional verbal particles in Hungarian
Authors: Hegedűs Veronika 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper discusses two Hungarian verbal particles that belong to the semantic group of repetitive elements. The main focus is on the verbal particle újra ‘again’, which has primarily been discussed as an adverb with repetitive and restitutive meanings (with the exception of Csirmaz 2015) but can be a verbal particle, which is distinct both from the adverb and from most other verbal particles. The verbal particle vissza ‘back’, which expresses counterdirectionality will be claimed to be like typical, primarily directional verbal particles and to be a part of the result component of the argument structure. Újra ‘again’ as a verbal particle is analyzed on a par with some non-directional particles and idiomatic resultative phrases that are inserted into the structure in a functional projection below the external argument.
El aprendizaje significativo de la Física para estudiantes-atletas de las escuelas deportivas
Authors: Longa-Martínez Tomasa Magaly 
Published: August 2020

Introducción: El propósito del presente artículo es explicar la importancia de lograr un aprendizaje significativo de la Física en estudiantes-atletas. Se exponen los rasgos característicos de la enseñanza desarrolladora, haciendo hincapié en el aprendizaje significativo, uno de sus pilares. Metodología: En la investigación, se emplearon diferentes métodos teóricos y empíricos. Entre los primeros, se emplearon el método histórico-lógico, el análisis y la síntesis, así como el análisis de documentos. El método sistémico-estructural fue utilizado para elaborar un sistema de recomendaciones metodológicas. Resultados: Finalmente, se muestran los resultados y se destaca la aplicación de la estrategia para lograr que los contenidos de Física sean significativos para los estudiantes atletas y mejorar sus resultados académicos. Conclusiones: Es esencial que se relacionen los contenidos y las leyes de la Física con situaciones deportivas concretas y se demuestre cómo la aplicación correcta en estas regularidades contribuye al éxito deportivo.
MAKNA VISUALITAS SURABAYA DALAM DESAIN JENAMA CAK-CUK: ANALISIS SEMIOTIK ROLAND BARTHES
Authors: Wahyudinata Wildan , Al Faruq Irsyad Maulana 
Published: August 2020

<p>This research aims to reveal the visual meanings behind Cak Cuk product designs. Cak Cuk is a brand of clothing and accessories from Surabaya City. Its products such as T-shirts or bags typically display various designs with Surabaya-related themes. This research used the qualitative research method by gathering and analyzing the designs displayed on various Cak Cuk products. The data, which consisted of various visual texts<br />and verbal texts, were analyzed using concepts from Roland Barthes’ semiotic theory: denotation, connotation, and myth. The results show that both visual texts and verbal texts contained in those Cak Cuk designs represent the condition and identity of Surabaya City. These visual meanings include Surabaya’s historical association with heroism,<br />preservation of cultural objects such as historical buildings, the tough characteristic of the Surabayans and their great sense of brotherhood, and appreciation to Surabaya’s culinary traditions.</p>
Experimental data from the Braunschweig FACE studies on wheat growth responses to elevated CO2 in combination with nitrogen supply or infrared warming during grain filling.
Authors: Manderscheid Remy , Dier Markus , Erbs Martin , Luig Adam , Oldenburg Elisabeth , Sickora Jan , Weigel Hans-Joachim 
Published: August 2020

This data paper contains data from a FACE experiment with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum, c.v. Batis) carried out over two years at Braunschweig, Germany. The experimental variants included firstly a study on the interaction of two levels of CO2 (393, 600 ppm) and three levels of nitrogen (N) fertilization (ca. 40, 190 and 320 kg N ha-1) and secondly a study on the interaction of these CO2 treatments and three levels of infrared warming during grain filling (ambient, ca. +1.5°C and +3°C). In the second study N supply was only ca. 190 kg N ha-1. The datasets of the two studies assembled herein contain data on weather, management, soil condition, soil moisture, phenology, dry weights and N concentrations of the plant (leaves, stems ears), green area index, stem reserves, final grain yield and yield components as well as canopy temperatures (this only applies to the second study). Most of the experimental findings have already been published in scientific journals. Data provided herein are suited to validate the interaction of elevated CO2 concentration and either N supply or high temperature during grain filling in wheat growth models.
On Some Properties of Space S_{w}^{α}
Authors: TOKSOY Erdem , SANDIKÇI Ayşe 
Published: August 2020

In this study, first of all we define spaces S^{Θ}(ℝ^{d}) and S_{w}^{Θ}(ℝ^{d}) and give examples of these spaces. After we define S_{w}^{α}(ℝ^{d}) to be the vector space of f∈L_{w}¹(ℝ^{d}) such that the fractional Fourier transform F_{α}f belongs to S_{w}^{Θ}(ℝ^{d}). We endow this space with the sum norm ‖f‖_{S_{w}^{α}}=‖f‖_{1,w}+‖F_{α}f‖_{S_{w}^{Θ}} and then show that it is a Banach space. We show that S_{w}^{α}(ℝ^{d}) is a Banach algebra and a Banach ideal on L_{w}¹(ℝ^{d}) if the space S_{w}^{Θ}(ℝ^{d}) is solid. Furthermore, we proof that the space S_{w}^{α}(ℝ^{d}) is translation and character invaryant and also these operators are continuous. Finally, we discuss inclusion properties of these spaces.
Tobacco chewing habits and barriers in cessation among tobacco users: a survey from Western Rajasthan, India
Authors: . Pooja , Nebhinani Mamta , Rani Raj 
Published: August 2020

Background: Tobacco chewing is a considerable public health concern leading to high mortality rates. In India, about 28.6% of the population consume one or another form of tobacco. Tobacco cessation is a very challenging process usually surrounded by various factors. The current work intended to assess tobacco chewing habits and barriers in cessation of tobacco chewing among tobacco users.Methods: This study was conducted among conveniently selected 101 tobacco chewers residing at Pratap Nagar, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Data were collected through face to face interview by using self-structured barrier in tobacco cessation rating scale. Analysis was done by using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Nearly 34% of tobacco users were chewing tobacco since 10-20 years. 68% of subjects consumed tobacco ≥5 times a day. All tobacco users tried to quit tobacco chewing at one or other point of time in life but quitting attempts were unsuccessful. Environmental barriers were more evident as compare to other barriers. Levels of barrier were found to have significant association with estimated amount of tobacco consumption per day number of attempts taken to quit tobacco chewing and history of smoking (p level <0.10).Conclusions: Tobacco remains preventable cause of mortality and morbidity in India. Despites of multiple attempts to quit tobacco chewing, most of tobacco users were not successful because of various barriers. There is need to have deep thoughtful deliberations on this concern. More visible and stringent awareness campaigns can be planned and implemented.
Make life easy through telemedicine in COVID-19 crisis: an Indian perspective
Authors: Basu Anindansu , Das Parijat 
Published: August 2020

On 11th of March, 2020, the WHO declared the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a pandemic. Globally, as of 14 June 2020, estimated 7,690,708 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 427,630 deaths, reported by WHO. Several countries including India now are under ‘ lockdown’ (restrictive travels or activities in a community while permitting vital organizations to function) to limit spread of this virus. A consequence of this lockdown poses restrictions in routine workflow for any healthcare settings. Despite the uncertain circumstances, we have to consider the fact that other disease related services shall not stall in the face of a pandemic.
Produksi Serasah Musiman pada Berbagai Spesies Mangrove di Pesisir Kabupaten Muna Barat, Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Rahman Rahman , Wardiatno Yusli , Yulianda Fredinan , Rusmana Iman 
Published: August 2020

Mangrove litter production is important in the displacement of organic matter from mangrove vegetation to water such as in the coast of West Muna Regency. However, one factor influencing it is the frequency of rainfall. This research, therefore, aims to determine the influence of the frequency of rainfall in mangrove ecosystem by obtaining data through the fractional wet weight. The results showed that the biomass fraction with the largest amount were Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, and Sonneratia alba with of 31.59; 31.07; and 30.96%, respectively, while the lowest was Rhizophora stylosa, Bruguiera cylindrica, and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza with of 30.07; 30.10; and 31.95%, respectively. The species with the largest leaf litter production was Bruguiera cylindrica, with of 1.72 g.m-2.day-1 which occurred in April and the lowest was Rhizophora apiculata, 0.24 g.m-2.day-1 in August. The species with the largest leaf litter production was Bruguiera cylindrica, 1.96 g.m-2.day-1 which occurred in May and the lowest was Sonneratia alba, 0.29 g.m-2.day-1 in August. In addition, the species with the largest fruit litter production was Rhizophora apiculata, 1.76 g.m-2.day-1 in April and the lowest was Sonneratia alba, 0.32 g.m-2.day-1 in September. The total litter production was 18,75 g.m-2.day-1 consisted of 6,69 g.m2.day-1 leaf litter, 6,54 g.m-2.day-1 branch litter, and 5,52 g.m-2.day-1 fruit litter. The higher the frequency of the rain, the greater the litter production.

Keywords: biomass fraction, seasonal litter production, West Muna Regency
Optimasi Suhu dan Waktu Deasetilasi Kitin Berbasis Selongsong Maggot (Hermetia ilucens) Menjadi Kitosan
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Selvina Ranti , Fauziyah Ridha , Prakoso Haryo Tejo , Priyono Priyono , Siswanto Siswanto 
Published: August 2020

As Black Soldier Fly farming has become an emerging trend in Indonesia there is a new opportunity to take advantage from the waste generated from the activity. One of them is the exuviae, which is resulted from the emergence of the fly and it has a high chitin content. Chitin from BSF exuviae have low Cristalinity Indexes. Hence, it shows a promising potential to be processed to produce a new biopolimer. Therefore, converting chitin from BSF exuviae into chitosan using deacetylation process was studied. The researched variables were temperature and the duration of the process, which were studied at 50, 60, 70, and 80°C for 12 hours and 8, 10, 12, and 14 hours at 60°C, respectively. Chitosan produced in the temperature of 60, 70, and 80°C has met the standard quality, and the best duration of deacetylation process was 8 hours. The solubility test in acetic acid (2%) showed that chitosan solubility was increased with the increase of temperature, while it decreased as the duration of the process becomes longer. Moreover, the degree of deacetylation showed that chitosan was produced with the best quality in 80°C of temperature (75.98%) and 8 hours of deacetylation process (71.12%). Keywords: chitosan, degrees of deacetylation, exuviae of black soldier fly
P'UNCHAW: una opética de la luz Cusqueña por Víctor Zea
Authors: Zea Diaz Victor 
Published: August 2020

En su reciente primer fotolibro, coeditado por Impresiones Choqechaka y KWY Ediciones, el fotógrafo Víctor Zea hace alusión a los mitosancestrales de la ciudad del Cusco a través del P’unchaw, que en quechua significa día.
En un espacio urbano actualmente muy cosmopolita, Zea aborda la observación del sol, la luz y la sombra que terminan pormaterializarse en ‘oro’, elemento de admiración para los Incas, el cual representaba a su dios más importante: el Sol.
Impact of Formation Dilation–Recompaction on Cyclic Steam Stimulation
Authors: Jamaloei Benyamin Yadali 
Published: August 2020

SummaryAn integrated modeling of the cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) at the Peace River heavy-oil/oil-sand deposits in Alberta, Canada, is challenging because of the presence of compositional gradient, faulting, and bottomwater pockets, and the variations in the oil viscosity, rock dilation, fracturing, and the pay-zone-thickness variation. Both gravity and viscosity are marked by declining quality with depth, biodegradation, and compartmentalization.The high oil viscosity and low water mobility at Peace River cause low initial injectivity. High injectivity during the CSS is achieved by high-pressure injection to fail the formation mechanically and trigger fracturing and pore deformation. Moreover, the pore dilation/recompaction triggers relative permeability hysteresis.History matching of high steam injectivities is challenging when reasonable fracture lengths and rock compressibilities are used. To match injectivities, most reservoir simulations have used either a larger compressibility (“spongy-rock” approach) or long fractures. The spongy-rock approach predicts a steady increase in injection pressure, whereas during the early time of the injection cycles, injection pressures increase and then level off for most of the cycle.We describe the enhancements made in an iteratively coupled geomechanical–flow model to incorporate the modeling of both pore deformation and relative permeability hysteresis to match the injection pressures, steam injectivity, and oil/water productions from CSS at Peace River that are otherwise difficult to reproduce. The geomechanical model explains surface heave and high injectivity caused by dilation attributable to shear failure, increase in pore pressure/formation compressibility, and decrease in effective stress. A dilation pressure is specified, below which the behavior is elastic and above which a higher compressibility is used. Above a maximum porosity, further dilation is not permitted. Also, the hysteresis model calculates gridblock relative permeabilities that lie on or between the imbibition/drainage curves, making it possible to use the laboratory-derived two-phase oil–water relative permeabilities and still match the field-measured water- and oil-production volumes.By combining an iteratively coupled reservoir–geomechanical model for the CSS with stochastic workflows, including the Latin-hypercube design (LHD) and response-surface methodology (RSM), the impacts of dilation/recompaction factors (fracturing pressure, maximum injection pressure, dilation pressure, recompaction pressure, and formation compressibility) are quantified through history matching the field results and automated stochastic sensitivity analysis and uncertainty assessment.
QTL mapping of root traits in wheat under different phosphorus levels using hydroponic culture
Authors: Yang Mengjiao , Wang Cairong , Hassan Muhammad Adeel , Li Faji , Xia Xianchun , Shi Shubing , Xiao Yonggui , He Zhonghu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Phosphorus (P) is an important macro element in ensuring plant morphogenesis and grain quality, therefore an efficient root system is crucial for P-uptake. Identification of useful loci for root morphological and P uptake related traits at seedling stage is important for wheat production. The aims of this study were to evaluate phenotypic diversity of Yangmai 16/Zhongmai 895 derived doubled haploid (DH) population for root system architecture (RSA) and biomass related traits (RBT) in different P treatments at seedling stage using hydroponic culture, and to identify QTL using 660K SNP array based high-density genetic map. Results: All traits showed significant variations among the DH lines with high heritabilities (0.76 to 0.91) and high correlations (r =0.59 to 0.98) among all traits. Inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) identified 34 QTL with 4.64–20.41% of the phenotypic variances individually, and the log of odds (LOD) values ranging from 2.59 to 10.43. Seven QTL clusters (C1 to C7) were mapped on chromosomes 3DL, 4BS, 4DS, 6BL, 7AS, 7AL and 7BL, cluster C5 on chromosome 7AS ( AX-109955164 - AX-109445593 ) with pleiotropic effect played key role in modulating root length (RL), root tips number (RTN) and root surface area (ROSA) under low P condition, with the favorable allele from Zhongmai 895. Conclusions: This study carried out an imaging pipeline-based rapid phenotyping of RSA and RBT traits in hydroponic culture. It is an efficient approach for screening of large populations under different nutrient conditions. Four QTL on chromosomes 6BL (2) and 7AL (2) identified in low P treatment showed positive additive effects contributed by Zhongmai 895, indicating that Zhongmai 895 could be used as parent for P-deficient breeding. The most stable QTL QRRS.caas-4DS for ratio of root to shoot dry weight (RRS) harbored the stable genetic region with high phenotypic effect, and QTL clusters on 7A might be used for speedy selection of genotypes for P-uptake. SNPs closely linked to QTLs and clusters could be used to improve nutrient-use efficiency.