bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining Predictors of Fear of Cancer Recurrence Using Leventhal’s Commonsense Model
Authors: Galica Jacqueline , Maheu Christine , Brennenstuhl Sarah , Townsley Carol , Metcalfe Kelly 
Published: December 2019

Background
Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a common concern for survivors. Oncology nurses have a unique opportunity to identify survivors at increased risk of heightened FCR. Understanding predictors of FCR would be useful for this purpose; however, results about FCR predictors are inconsistent.

Objective
To examine empirically inconsistent predictors of FCR as guided by Leventhal’s Commonsense Model.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey design was used to assess FCR, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and characteristics of the self (self-esteem and generalized expectancies) among cancer survivors. Structural equation modeling was used to examine predictors of FCR.

Results
Among 1001 participants, the mean time since diagnosis was 9.07 years, and most were diagnosed with breast cancer (65.93%). The strongest predictor of higher FCR was belief that knowing someone with a recurrence affects one’s own level of FCR, although knowing someone with a recurrence actually predicted lower FCR. Other significant predictors of higher FCR were having 1 or more symptoms attributed to cancer, lower self-esteem, younger age, female gender, lower pessimism, longer time since diagnosis, and active follow-up at the survivorship clinic.

Conclusion
Cancer survivors’ perceptions are among an important series of variables that may predict higher levels of FCR. Oncology nurses are uniquely situated to identify the subset of cancer survivors with levels of FCR requiring professional intervention.

Implications for Practice
Oncology nurses can use the predictors indicated in this study to identify survivors with greatest need for coping with FCR to facilitate expedient intervention and/or referral to psychosocial providers.
Preventing Postpartum Depression With Mindful Self-Compassion Intervention
Authors: Guo Lu , Zhang Jing , Mu Liping , Ye Zhao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Mindfulness and self-compassion are reported to have a preventive effects on depression and anxiety disorders. In the present study, we aimed to assess the effect of mindful self-compassion intervention on preventing postpartum depression in a group of symptomatic pregnant women. Participants were screened and assigned to the intervention and control groups randomly. A 6-week Internet-based Mindful Self-Compassion Program was used to train the participants. Multiple scales were used to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms, mindfulness, self-compassion, and mother and infant well-being. All assessments were performed at three time points: baseline, 3 months, and 1 year postpartum. Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed significant improvement in depressive and anxiety behaviors. In addition, the intervention group became more mindful and self-compassionate at 3 months and 1 year postpartum. More importantly, both mothers and infants experienced substantial improvement in well-being. Our findings indicate that mindful self-compassion intervention is effective in preventing postpartum depression and promoting mother and infant well-being.
A Pilot Quality Improvement Project to Reduce Preoperative Fasting Duration in Pediatric Inpatients
Authors: Nye Allison , Conner Erin , Wang Ellen , Chadwick Whitney , Marquez Juan , Caruso Thomas J. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction:
Despite guidelines allowing clear liquids up to 2 hours before anesthesia, preoperative fasting for pediatric inpatients is often unnecessarily prolonged. This delay can lead to prolonged recovery time and increased postoperative pain. Efforts to reduce fasting duration in pediatric surgical patients is an evolving standard in pediatric anesthesiology. The primary aim of this quality improvement project was to reduce the average inpatient fasting duration undergoing anesthesia by 25% within a year of our pilot intervention. Secondary aims included measuring the adoption rate of the intervention and comparing aspiration rates as a balancing measure.

Methods:
At an academic pediatric hospital, we created the preanesthesia diet order, a standardized, clear liquid diet for eligible inpatients undergoing anesthesia to decrease preoperative fasting duration. After implementation in January 2018, a statistical process control chart was used to measure the fasting duration of all eligible inpatients by month, and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test assessed differences. A Poisson test was used to determine differences in aspiration rates.

Results:
Over the first year of our pilot intervention, 127 inpatients received the preanesthesia diet. The average fasting duration before its implementation was 12.5 and 5.7 hours postimplementation. The average adoption rate for eligible inpatients was 17.6%, and there was no difference in aspiration rates.

Conclusion:
This quality improvement project demonstrated that a standardized, clear liquid diet on the morning of surgery could reduce preoperative fasting times among pediatric inpatients. The adoption of this pilot intervention was limited, highlighting the challenges of implementing a practice change.
Automatic Quantitative Computed Tomography Evaluation of the Lungs in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis Treated With Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Wada Danilo Tadao , de Almeida Fabrício Arantes , de Moraes Daniela Aparecida , Dias Juliana Bernardes Elias , Baddini-Martinez José , Oliveira Maria Carolina , Koenigkam-Santos Marcel 
Published: December 2019

Background/Objective
Interstitial lung disease stands among the leading causes of death in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) has been proven superior to conventional immunosuppressive therapy in severe and progressive SSc. Here, pulmonary quantitative measurements were obtained in high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans of patients with SSc before and after AHSCT.

Methods
The medical records of thirthy-three patients who underwent AHSCT between 2011 and 2017 were evaluated for clinical and tomographic features at baseline (pre-AHCST) and 18 months after the procedure. Quantitative analysis of HRCT images by a fully automated program calculated lung volumes, densities, attenuation percentiles, and vascular volume. Patients were divided into 2 groups, according to changes in forced vital capacity (FVC). The “best response” group included patients that had an increased FVC of 10% or greater, and the “stable response” group included those who had a decreased or an increased FVC of less than 10%.

Results
In the best response group (15 patients), there was reduction (p < 0.05) of mean lung density and density percentile values after AHSCT. In the stable response group (18 patients), there were no significant changes in lung volumes and pulmonary densities after AHSCT. Pulmonary HRCT densities showed moderate/strong correlation with function.

Conclusions
Quantitative HRCT analysis identified significant reduction in pulmonary densities in patients with improved pulmonary function after AHSCT. Lung density, as evaluated by the quantitative HRCT analysis tool, has potential to become a biomarker in the evaluation of interstitial lung disease treatment in patients with SSc.
Comparison of Saline Expanders and Air Expanders for Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Porter Brooke E. , Vonu Peter M. , Mast Bruce A. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction
Postmastectomy breast reconstruction with saline tissue expanders requires frequent saline injections. Air expanders contain an air canister and patient-operated remote to control expansion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of air expanders, inclusive of cost.

Methods
An international review board-approved retrospective review was performed of women who underwent breast tissue expansion between January 1, 2005 and February 5, 2019. Data collected included demographics, distance from clinic, mastectomy type, breast cancer treatment, expander type, expansion duration, postoperative visits, expansion visits, and postoperative complications. We compared true, unrealized, and overall costs and efficiency measured by time for expansion completion. True cost was calculated by adding expander, saline, and needle prices. Unrealized cost was calculated by multiplying number of visits for expansion by the expense of roundtrip driving. T tests and z scores determined clinical significance.

Results
Postoperative complication rates were not significantly different between groups. The air expansion mean true cost was US $1006.11 more than saline expansion (P < 0.001), whereas the mean unrealized cost was US $551.81 less (P = 0.008). The air expansion mean overall cost was US $461.43 more than saline expansion (P = 0.063). There was no significant difference in time to expander-to-implant exchange.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that saline and air expanders have no difference in complications or ability to complete expansion. However, there is significantly higher unrealized cost of saline expansion due to needle and saline costs and travel for more frequent doctor visits. However, saline expansion overall cost is less than air expansion, but statistically insignificant. Air expanders are effective in properly selected patients.
Expression of ArfGAP3 in Vaginal Anterior Wall of Patients With Pelvic Floor Organ Prolapse in Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Non–Pelvic Organ Prolapse Patients
Authors: Sun Yu , Li Bingshu , Lu Danhua , Liu Cheng , Hong Shasha , Hong Li 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of Investigation
The purpose of this study was to study the expression of adenosine diphosphate ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 (ArfGAP3) in the anterior vaginal wall of patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP).

Materials and Methods
From July 2016 to July 2018, the anterior vaginal wall of 31 POP patients (pelvic organ prolapse quantification [POP-Q] II-III [n = 10] and POP-Q IV [n = 21]) with pelvic floor dysfunction-related symptoms who underwent vaginal hysterectomy were enrolled in POP group in the Department of Gynecology of Wuhan University People’s Hospital. The anterior vaginal wall of 28 non-POP patients who underwent vaginal hysterectomy was selected as control group. The expression of 3 groups was determined by immunohistochemical staining, Western blotting, and quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction.

Results
The expression levels of ArfGAP3 of POP-Q II-III and POP-Q IV groups were lower than the control group (P < 0.05), and there were significant differences between POP-Q II-III and POP-Q IV groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
The expression of ArfGAP3 in the anterior vaginal wall of POP patients decreased, which was related to the pathogenesis and clinical grading of POP.
Energy-driven computing
Authors: Sliper Sivert T. , Cetinkaya Oktay , Weddell Alex S. , Al-Hashimi Bashir , Merrett Geoff V. 
Published: December 2019

For decades, the design of untethered devices has been focused on delivering a fixed quality of service with minimum power consumption, to enable battery-powered devices with reasonably long deployment lifetime. However, to realize the promised tens of billions of connected devices in the Internet of Things, computers must operate autonomously and harvest ambient energy to avoid the cost and maintenance requirements imposed by mains- or battery-powered operation. But harvested power typically fluctuates, often unpredictably, and with large temporal and spatial variability. Energy-driven computers are designed to treat energy-availability as a first-class citizen, in order to gracefully adapt to the dynamics of energy harvesting. They may sleep through periods of no energy, endure periods of scarce energy, and capitalize on periods of ample energy. In this paper, we describe the promise and limitations of energy-driven computing, with an emphasis on intermittent operation.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Harmonizing energy-autonomous computing and intelligence’.
Markov blankets, information geometry and stochastic thermodynamics
Authors: Parr Thomas , Da Costa Lancelot , Friston Karl 
Published: December 2019

This paper considers the relationship between thermodynamics, information and inference. In particular, it explores the thermodynamic concomitants of belief updating, under a variational (free energy) principle for self-organization. In brief, any (weakly mixing) random dynamical system that possesses a Markov blanket—i.e. a separation of internal and external states—is equipped with an information geometry. This means that internal states parametrize a probability density over external states. Furthermore, at non-equilibrium steady-state, the flow of internal states can be construed as a gradient flow on a quantity known in statistics as Bayesian model evidence. In short, there is a natural Bayesian mechanics for any system that possesses a Markov blanket. Crucially, this means that there is an explicit link between the inference performed by internal states and their energetics—as characterized by their stochastic thermodynamics.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Harmonizing energy-autonomous computing and intelligence’.
An energy efficient time-mode digit classification neural network implementation
Authors: Akgun O. C. , Mei J. 
Published: December 2019

This paper presents the design of an ultra-low energy neural network that uses time-mode signal processing). Handwritten digit classification using a single-layer artificial neural network (ANN) with a Softmin-based activation function is described as an implementation example. To realize time-mode operation, the presented design makes use of monostable multivibrator-based multiplying analogue-to-time converters, fixed-width pulse generators and basic digital gates. The time-mode digit classification ANN was designed in a standard CMOS 0.18 μm IC process and operates from a supply voltage of 0.6 V. The system operates on the MNIST database of handwritten digits with quantized neuron weights and has a classification accuracy of 88%, which is typical for single-layer ANNs, while dissipating 65.74 pJ per classification with a speed of 2.37 k classifications per second.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Harmonizing energy-autonomous computing and intelligence’.
SalvageDNN: salvaging deep neural network accelerators with permanent faults through saliency-driven fault-aware mapping
Authors: Abdullah Hanif Muhammad , Shafique Muhammad 
Published: December 2019

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have proliferated in most of the application domains that involve data processing, predictive analysis and knowledge inference. Alongside the need for developing highly performance-efficient DNN accelerators, there is an utmost need to improve the yield of the manufacturing process in order to reduce the per unit cost of the DNN accelerators. To this end, we present ‘SalvageDNN’, a methodology to enable reliable execution of DNNs on the hardware accelerators with permanent faults (typically due to imperfect manufacturing processes). It employs a fault-aware mapping of different parts of a given DNN on the hardware accelerator (subjected to faults) by leveraging the saliency of the DNN parameters and the fault map of the underlying processing hardware. We also present novel modifications in a systolic array design to further improve the yield of the accelerators while ensuring reliable DNN execution using ‘SalvageDNN’ and negligible overheads in terms of area, power/energy and performance.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Harmonizing energy-autonomous computing and intelligence’.
Mapping the virome in lab-reared and wild-caught Aedes albopictus mosquitoes
Authors: Zhao Lu , Atoni Evans , Shi Chenyan , Yuan Zhiming , Xia Han 
Published: December 2019

Mosquitoes are known vectors that can harbor a wide array of viruses that range from classical arboviruses that can infect vertebrates to insect-specific viruses that are restricted only in mosquito. Recent advances in the field of metagenomics and bioinformatics have strongly supported studies on mosquito-associated viruses. However, the study for mosquito virome profile is still inadequate. In the present study, we aimed to investigate and compare the virome structure and profile between laboratory reared and wild-caught Aedes albopictus mosquito. Four mosquito samples (egg, larvae, pupae, adult) of laboratory rearedand two (larvae and adult)of field collected from Guangzhou of China were prepared for next generation sequencing (NGS) and analyzed. The results indicated that the common viruses presented in all samples were High Island virus, Aedes flavivirus, and Guato virus, whereas the Wenzhou sobemo-like virus 4 and Hubei mosquito virus 2 were the most dominant virus and presented only in wild mosquito samples. Additionally, unclassified Papillomaviridae viruses was the most dominant vertebrate virus, which was significantly detected only in wild adult mosquitoes. Important to note, the viral composition of larvae obtained from the wild was the most diverse group with many viruses belonging to virus families including Flaviviridae, Totiviridae, Tymoviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Iflaviridae and unclassified viruses. This observed diverse nature can be attributed to influence of environment substrates and water in which the mosquito larvae inhabit. In conclusion, our findings provide essential information necessary in understanding the structure and diversity of Aedes virome.
Keywords: mosquito, virome, Aedes albopictus, next generation sequencing.
Biotyping of TBEV-infected IRE/CTVM19 tick cell line
Authors: Loginov Dmitry , Böttinger Katharina , Loginova Yana , Dycka Filip , Sterba Jan 
Published: December 2019

Background. Ticks have developed defense mechanisms and pathways against transmitted infections, including tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). An important issue is to reveal mechanisms allowing them to control the virus at a level which does not hinder ticks’ fitness and development.

Methods. Biotyping was performed on an Autoflex Speed MALDI-TOF/TOF (Bruker Daltonik). Protein digests were analyzed using Synapt G2-Si High Definition mass spectrometer (Waters).

Results. MS profiles of TBEV-infected and non-infected IRE/CTVM19 cells were analyzed using principal component analysis. Obtained spectra were clustered based on the cultivation time, but not the infection status. Nevertheless, analysis of loading plots revealed different factors to be important for clustering of infected and non-infected cells. Out of them, nine were assigned with proteins: five and four for non-infected and infected cells, respectively. Peak with m/z 8565 was found to be of interest from viewpoint of tick-virus interaction and assigned to proteasome subunit alpha type (B7QE67).

Conclusion. MALDI-TOF MS was shown to be useful for characterization of tick cell lines and studying tick-virus interactions. Signals in MS profiles discriminating cell aging and those affected by TBEV were revealed, and matched with proteins.
We thank Dr Lesley Bell-Sakyi and the Tick Cell Biobank for provision of IRE/CTVM19 cells.
This study was supported by the MŠMT ČR INTER-ACTION project (LTARF 18021); GAČR (18-27204S), European Regional Development Fund Project (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000441), and MSHE RF (#14.616.21.0094, RFMEFI61618X0094). Access to instruments and other facilities was supported by the Czech research infrastructure for systems biology C4SYS (LM2015055).
Lumpy skin disease virus does not replicate productively in insect cell lines
Authors: Cook Charlotte , Dietrich Isabelle , Greaves David , Darpel Karin , Beard Pip 
Published: December 2019

Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a capripoxvirus of cattle causing a severe disease that results in substantial economic impact to affected communities. The virus is endemic across sub-Saharan Africa, and has recently entered Europe and the Balkans. The virus is thought to be transmitted by an insect vector, but little is known about the role of the vector in the LSDV cycle.
In order to investigate interactions between LSDV and insect vectors this work studied the permissivity of insect cell lines for LSDV. Insect cell lines were inoculated with LSDV strain Cameroon at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 5. The mammalian cell line MDBK was infected as a positive control. Samples were collected up to a week after infection and virus amounts measured using titrated plaque assays in order to construct a growth curve.
Lumpy skin disease virus replicated in the MDBK mammalian cell line, increasing by 3log10 over the 7 day incubation from 2×104 pfu/ml to 2×107 pfu/ml. In contrast, no replication of LSDV was detected in the insect cell lines.
This work shows that LSDV does not productively replicate in insect cell lines and supports the current hypothesis that the insects act as mechanical rather than biological vectors of the virus.
Interrogation of the CHIKV nsP-host interactome in human and mosquito cells
Authors: Bartholomeeusen Koen , Groof Susan De , Hoffmann Chris , Agombin Terence , Caluwé Lien De , Coppens Sandra , Daled Simon , Deforce Dieter , Ariën Kevin 
Published: December 2019

Chikungunya virus is a human pathogen transmitted by mosquitos. After a genetic adaptation of the virus that allows increased spreading by Aedes albopictus mosquitos, the past decade, Chikungunya virus has spread across the globe. In a significant number of patients, Chikungunya virus causes a chronic, debilitating, arthritic joint pain.
Chikungunya virus replicates in cells of both its vertebrate host and insect vector. To identify cellular pathways that the virus engages to allow optimal replication in these evolutionary distinct organisms we performed AP-MS to identify interaction partners of the viral non-structural proteins (nsPs) in both human and mosquito cells. Mass spectrometric analysis of on-bead-digestions of affinity purifications coupled to MiST analysis allowed sensitive and reproducible identification of a significant number of cellular protein interaction partners of nsP1, -3 and -4. The retrieval of well-established nsP3 interactors, G3BP and Bin1, in both human and mosquito cells validated our approach. Separate nsPs were associated with both shared and unique interaction partners, the latter belonging to different cellular pathways. Comparison of high-confidence interactors of nsP3 in human and mosquito cells identified 25 proteins that associate with nsP3 in both organisms. Functional classification of these shared nsP3 interactors using GO annotation showed engagement of cell-cell adhesion-, Hippo signaling-, ribosomal function- and innate immune signaling pathways by nsP3 in both human and mosquito cells. Interaction of members of each functional group with nsP3 were validated in AP-WB experiments. Functional roles in viral replication of several of these interactors are evaluated using knockouts.