bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of tool vibration and its effect on roundness and surface roughness of hole in helical milling of Inconel 718
Authors: Rao K Venkata , Ramesh Chappa 
Published: November 2020

Relative vibration between the cutter and workpiece has an influence on the surface generation and dimensional accuracy. In the present work, prediction models were developed for roundness and surface roughness of hole in terms of amplitude and frequency of tool vibration. The proposed methodology carried out a theoretical investigation on the effect of tool vibration components in X- and Y-directions on the mill cutter end point to estimate hole roundness and surface roughness. Series of helical milling experiments were conducted at different levels of spindle rotational speed, cutter orbital speed, and axial depth of cuts using 10- mm and 8- mm diameter mill cutters on Inconel 718. Predicted values of the roundness and surface roughness of hole were compared with predicted values and verified accuracy of the proposed prediction models. The experimental results indicate a good agreement with the predicted value. At spindle rotational speed of 2000 r/min and cutter orbital speed of 50 r/min, the measured and predicted values of the roundness were found to be almost same as the required roundness. The surface roughness was found to be very less at 50 r/min of cutter orbital speed.
Peribulbar anesthesia for strabismus surgery in adult patients
Authors: Vagge Aldo , Simonetti Franco , Marenco Maria , Burtolo Carmen , Musolino Maria , Traverso Carlo Enrico 
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of peribulbar anesthesia during strabismus surgery. Methods: Medical records of patients undergoing strabismus surgery and peribulbar anesthesia were reviewed. The overall efficacy of peribulbar anesthesia was evaluated as requirement of supplemental peribulbar anesthesia, impossibility to perform eye muscles surgery due to inadequate efficacy of the block and peribulbar block complications that occurred up to 6 weeks postoperatively. Presence of oculocardiac reflex (OCR) and presence of decreased visual acuity and afferent pupillary defect postoperatively were reported. Results: A total of 510 patients comprised our study group. The total amount of peribulbar injections was 717. Four patients (0.7%) required supplemental injection in the superonasal quadrant. Five of 510 (0.9%) required an anesthesiologic intervention with intravenous atropine. Eighty patients of 510 (15.6%) complained about transitory complete ptosis and/or amaurosis postoperatively. No complications were observed up to 6 weeks postoperatively. Conclusion: Peribulbar anesthesia was an effective and safe option during strabismus surgery in adult patients.
The past and the future of vascular access surgery: Creation of percutaneous arteriovenous fistula using Ellipsys vascular access system in a patient with previous ipsilateral Scribner-shunt
Authors: Shahverdyan Robert , Konner Klaus , Matoussevitch Vladimir 
Published: November 2020

Background: Sixty years after the first description of Scribner-shunt, and 54 years after publication of the first radio-cephalic arterio-venous fistula (AVF), endovascular percutaneous AVF (pAVF) was introduced. We report a successful case of Ellipsys-pAVF creation and use for hemodialysis in a patient with a previous ipsilateral Scribner-shunt. Case: A 72-year old female patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD), previous right-sided Scribner-shunt and kidney transplant, underwent a successful creation of right-sided Ellipsys-pAVF. The procedure time was 12 min with intraoperative brachial artery volume flow of 720 ml/min. At 39 days, an ultrasound-guided balloon-angioplasty of the outflow cephalic vein stenosis was performed. Cannulations were started 41 days after the creation of pAVF. No additional interventions were required during the follow-up of 258 days with last follow-up volume flow of 1400 ml/min. Conclusions: This is the first report of the creation of pAVF in a patient with previous “traumatic” ipsilateral placement of a Scribner-shunt. It allows the creation of a small anastomosis in very short time, which can be successfully used for hemodialysis treatment on the same day, if necessary, and reduces the expected risk of high-flow AVF with associated peripheral steal and cardiac outcomes (especially in a patient with cardiomyopathy such this one).
Association of Adipose Tissue Distribution With Type 2 Diabetes in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Qi Jia , Hu Hui , Yaghjyan Lusine , An Lejun , Kalim Harris A , Cooke Erinn O , Cheng Ting-Yuan David 
Published: November 2020

Purpose: We examined the association of adipose tissue distribution with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in breast cancer patients. Methods: Participants (N = 238) diagnosed with breast cancer at 20-75 years old who received breast cancer treatment at a major hospital from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2017, with at least one completed and identifiable abdominal or pelvic computed tomography (CT) scan and data regarding race and ethnicity were included. Thirty-two breast cancer patients were identified as T2D patients after their breast cancer diagnoses. The adipose tissue distribution (visceral fat area [VFA], subcutaneous fat area [SFA], and the ratio of VFA to SFA [VFA/SFA]) was quantified on CT images of the third lumbar vertebra. T2D status was retrieved from patients’ electronic medical records. The association of adipose tissue distribution with T2D in women with breast cancer was examined using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Participants with T2D had significantly smaller SFA compared to those without T2D (odds ratio [OR] = 0.88, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.81-0.96, per 10 cm2 SFA). A positive association of VFA/SFA ratio with T2D was observed (OR = 19.57, 95% CI = 3.26-117.42, per unit VFA/SFA), although the estimate was imprecise. Conclusions: The amount of subcutaneous adipose tissue was inversely associated with T2D, and the ratio of the amount of visceral adipose tissue to the amount of subcutaneous adipose tissue was positively associated with T2D in breast cancer patients.
Efficacy and Safety of Hylan G-F 20 Versus Intra-Articular Corticosteroids in People with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chevalier Xavier , Sheehan Brendan , Whittington Craig , Pourrahmat Mir-Masoud , Duarte Lionel , Ngai Wilson , de Campos Gustavo Constantino 
Published: November 2020

Background: Direct injection of corticosteroids into the joint is a standard treatment for knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, the treatment is somewhat controversial with regard to the benefit of both single and repeated injections; evidence that they are beneficial comes from small studies that show only modest improvements. The aim of this study was to estimate the short- and long-term clinical efficacy and safety of hylan G-F 20 versus intra-articular corticosteroids (IACS) for the treatment of pain in knee OA using Bayesian network meta-analysis. Methods: Based on a pre-specified protocol, MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL were searched from inception to June 2018 to identify randomized controlled trials. The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized trials was used to assess the included studies. Hylan G-F 20 and IACS were compared using Bayesian network meta-analysis. Efficacy was evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 months, and at the final follow-up for safety outcomes. A pain hierarchy was used to select 1 pain outcome per study. Results: Forty-two trials were included for analysis. The network meta-analysis of pain showed that hylan G-F 20 may be equivalent to IACS in the short-term, but by 6 months the benefit relative to IACS was statistically significant, standardized mean difference (95% credible interval): –0.13 (–0.26, –0.01). There were no statistical differences in adverse events. Conclusions: Hylan G-F 20 may perform better in relieving pain at 6 months post-injection compared to IACS. Both agents were relatively well tolerated, with no clear differences in safety.
Impact of telemedicine on visit attendance for paediatric patients receiving endocrinology specialty care
Authors: Haynes Sarah C , Marcin James P , Dayal Parul , Tancredi Daniel J , Crossen Stephanie 
Published: November 2020

Background Children in rural communities often lack access to subspecialty medical care. Telemedicine has the potential to improve access to these services but its effectiveness has not been rigorously evaluated for paediatric patients with endocrine conditions besides diabetes. Introduction The purpose of this study was to assess the association between telemedicine and visit attendance among patients who received care from paediatric endocrinologists at an academic medical centre in northern California between 2009–2017. Methods We abstracted demographic data, encounter information and medical diagnoses from the electronic health record for patients ≤18 years of age who attended at least one in-person or telemedicine encounter with a paediatric endocrinologist during the study period. We used a mixed effects logistic regression model – adjusted for age, diagnosis and distance from subspecialty care – to explore the association between telemedicine and visit attendance. Results A total of 40,941 encounters from 5083 unique patients were included in the analysis. Patients who scheduled telemedicine visits were predominantly publicly insured (97%) and lived a mean distance of 161 miles from the children’s hospital. Telemedicine was associated with a significantly higher odds of visit attendance (odds ratio 2.55, 95% confidence interval 2.15–3.02, p < 0.001) compared to in-person care. Conclusions This study demonstrates that telemedicine is associated with higher odds of visit attendance for paediatric endocrinology patients and supports the conclusion that use of telemedicine may improve access to subspecialty care for rural and publicly insured paediatric populations.
Evaluation of Olfactory Function in Children With Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Elsürer Çağdaş , Bozkurt Banu , Aksoy, MD Ceren , Bozkurt Mete K. 
Published: November 2020

Background Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic, severe allergic disease of the conjunctiva, which mostly affects young males in early to mid-childhood. There is a high incidence of asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR) and eczema among patients with VKC. It is unknown if VKC patients have abnormal olfactory dysfunction, and if so, whether this is related to AR. Objective Our aim was to evaluate olfactory function in children with VKC, with and without comorbid AR, in comparison to healthy children without VKC. Materials and Methods Thirty-nine VKC patients and 32 healthy children were included in the study. After eye and ear, nose and throat (ENT) examination, acoustic rhinometry and modified Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) tests were performed and the test results were compared between VKC and control groups and between VKC children with or without AR. A p value <0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results The VKC group included 25 males (64.1%) with a mean age of 11.13 ± 3.22 years, while the control group included 26 males (81.3%) with a mean age of 12.50 ± 2.13 years (p > 0.05 for both age and gender). Fourteen VKC patients (35.9%) had either positive prick test or elevated serum specific IgE levels against house dust mites and pollens. Mean odor thresholds did not differ between the two groups (p = 0.084), while mean odor identification and CCCRC score were statistically significantly lower in VKC group (6.00 ± 1.02 and 6.81 ± 0.75, respectively) compared to control group (7.06 ± 0.77 and 7.5 ± 0.41, respectively) (p < 0.05, both). Thirteen VKC patients had co-associated AR (33.3%). In VKC patients with AR, mean odor threshold and identification scores were even lower (5.31 ± 0.95 and 6.23 ± 0.78, respectively) (p < 0.05, both). Conclusion Olfactory function was found to be mildly impaired in children with VKC, especially when co-associated with AR. Therefore, loss of smell should be asked as an extraocular symptom.
Regenerative Endodontic Procedures, Disinfectants and Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kharchi Adam S. , Tagiyeva-Milne Nara , Kanagasingam Shalini 
Published: November 2020

Aims: This systematic review aims to identify and synthesise available evidence to determine the clinical and radiographic outcomes of REP involving any disinfection irrigant together with a non-antibiotic intracanal medicament. Methods: Experimental and observational studies evaluating the outcomes of REP in immature non-vital permanent teeth in 6-16 year olds, where the protocol used any type of disinfectant irrigant together with a non-antibiotic intracanal medicament (non-setting calcium hydroxide) were included. Data was narratively synthesised and presented in respect to the primary outcome (elimination of symptoms and infection) and secondary outcomes (increase in root length/width; positive response to vitality testing; patient-reported outcomes; adverse effects). Main findings: 1628 studies were identified, of which five met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in the review. Studies included one randomised control trial and four observational studies. All five studies showed an absence of clinical signs and symptoms for all teeth postoperatively with radiographic resolution or absence of pathology following the disinfection stages of the REP used. Choice of secondary outcomes were inconsistent but included further root development, coronal discolouration and root canal calcifications postoperatively. There was a high risk of bias in all five studies and subsequently the quality of the evidence base was judged to be low. Principle conclusions: REP using a non-antibiotic disinfectant approach appears capable of providing satisfactory outcomes for a non-vital immature permanent tooth. Further high-quality research is required before solid recommendations towards clinical practice guidelines for the disinfection portion of REP can be implemented.
Does using high-tensile strength tape improve the fixation strength in tendon graft fixation with needleless suture wrapping techniques compared to a suture?
Authors: Hong Chih-Kai , Kuan Fa-Chuan , Hsu Kai-Lan , Chen Yueh , Chuang Hao-Chun , Chiang Chen-Hao , Su Wei-Ren 
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To compare the biomechanical properties of a high-tensile strength suture and high-tensile strength tape in tendon graft fixation using two needleless suture wrapping techniques, the modified Prusik knot and modified rolling hitch. Methods: Two needleless suture wrapping techniques, the modified rolling hitch (MR) and modified Prusik knot (MP), were utilized. Meanwhile, two kinds of suture materials, a No. 2 braided nonabsorbable high-strength suture (S) and a 1.3 mm high-tensile strength tape (T), were used. A total of 40 porcine tendons were used, which were randomly divided into four groups. Each group was assigned to one of the following groups: MRS, MRT, MPS, and MPT. Each specimen was pretensioned to 100 N for three cycles, cyclically loaded from 50 to 200 N for 200 cycles, and finally loaded to failure. Results: The MRT group (34.1 ± 3.5%) had a significantly higher value compared with the MRS (29.7 ± 2.3%), MPS (27.1 ± 3.6%) and MPT (29.5 ± 4.0%) groups in term of elongation after cyclic loadings ( p = 0.002). In terms of ultimate failure load, there were no significant differences in the MRS (401 ± 27 N), MRT (380 ± 27 N), MPS (398 ± 44 N) and MPT (406 ± 49 N) values ( p = 0.539). All specimens failed due to suture breakage at the knots. Conclusion: Compared with the high-tensile strength suture, using the high-tensile strength tape lead to greater elongation after cyclic loading when the modified rolling hitch was used. No differences in terms of elongation after cyclic loading and load to failure were found between the high-tensile strength suture and tape using the modified Prusik knot.
Biomechanical Evaluation of a New Suture Button Technique for Reduction and Stabilization of the Distal Tibiofibular Syndesmosis
Authors: O’Daly Andres Eduardo , Kreulen R. Timothy , Thamyongkit Sorawut , Pisano Alfred , Luksameearunothai Kitchai , Hasenboehler Erik A. , Helgeson Melvin D. , Shafiq Babar 
Published: November 2020

Background: Stabilization methods for distal tibiofibular syndesmotic injuries present risk of malreduction. We compared reduction accuracy and biomechanical properties of a new syndesmotic reduction and stabilization technique using 2 suture buttons placed through a sagittal tunnel in the fibula and across the tibia just proximal to the incisura with those of the conventional method. Methods: Syndesmotic injury was created in 18 fresh-frozen cadaveric lower leg specimens. Nine ankles were repaired with the conventional method and 9 with the new technique. Reduction for the conventional method was performed using thumb pressure under direct visualization and for the new method by tightening both suture buttons passed through the fibular and tibial tunnels. Computed tomography was used to assess reduction accuracy. Torsional resistance, fibular rotation, and fibular translation were evaluated during biomechanical testing. Results: The new technique showed less lateral translation of the fibula on CT measurements after reduction (0.06 ± 0.06 mm) than the conventional method (0.26 ± 0.31 mm), P = .02. The new technique produced less fibular rotation during internal rotation after 0 cycles (new –2.4 ± 1.4 degrees; conventional –5.0 ± 1.2 degrees, P = .001), 100 cycles (new –2.1 ± 1.9 degrees; conventional –4.6 ± 1.4 degrees, P = .01), and 500 cycles (new –2.2 ± 1.6 degrees; conventional –5.3 ± 2.5 degrees, P = .01) and during external rotation after 100 cycles (new 3.9 ± 3.3 degrees; conventional 5.9 ± 3.5 degrees, P = .02) and 500 cycles (new 3.3 ± 3.2 degrees; conventional 6.3 ± 2.6 degrees, P = .03). Fixation failed in 3 specimens. Conclusion: The new syndesmotic reduction and fixation technique resulted in more accurate reduction of the fibula in the tibial incisura in the coronal plane and better rotational stability compared with the conventional method. Clinical Relevance: This new technique of syndesmosis reduction and stabilization may be a reliable alternative to current methods.
SRP54mutations induce congenital neutropenia via dominant-negative effects onXBP1splicing
Authors: Schürch Christoph , Schaefer Thorsten , Müller Joëlle S. , Hanns Pauline , Arnone Marlon , Dumlin Alain , Schärer Jonas , Sinning Irmgard , Wild Klemens , Skokowa Julia , Welte Karl , Carapito Raphael , Bahram Seiamak , Konantz Martina , Lengerke Claudia 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHeterozygous de novo missense variants of SRP54 were recently identified in patients with congenital neutropenia (CN) who display symptoms that overlap with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS). Here, we investigate srp54 knockout zebrafish as the first in vivo model of SRP54 deficiency. srp54−/− zebrafish experience embryonic lethality and display multisystemic developmental defects along with severe neutropenia. In contrast, srp54+/− zebrafish are viable, fertile, and show only mild neutropenia. Interestingly, injection of human SRP54 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) that carry mutations observed in patients (T115A, T117Δ, and G226E) aggravated neutropenia and induced pancreatic defects in srp54+/− fish, mimicking the corresponding human clinical phenotypes. These data suggest that the various phenotypes observed in patients may be a result of mutation-specific dominant-negative effects on the functionality of the residual wild-type SRP54 protein. Overexpression of mutated SRP54 also consistently induced neutropenia in wild-type fish and impaired the granulocytic maturation of human promyelocytic HL-60 cells and healthy cord blood–derived CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Mechanistically, srp54-mutant fish and human cells show impaired unconventional splicing of the transcription factor X-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1). Moreover, xbp1 morphants recapitulate phenotypes observed in srp54 deficiency and, importantly, injection of spliced, but not unspliced, xbp1 mRNA rescues neutropenia in srp54+/− zebrafish. Together, these data indicate that SRP54 is critical for the development of various tissues, with neutrophils reacting most sensitively to the loss of SRP54. The heterogenic phenotypes observed in patients that range from mild CN to SDS-like disease may be the result of different dominant-negative effects of mutated SRP54 proteins on downstream XBP1 splicing, which represents a potential therapeutic target.
Mild traumatic brain injury is associated with effect of inflammation on structural changes of default mode network in those developing chronic pain
Authors: Niu Xuan , Bai Lijun , Sun Yingxiang , Wang Yuan , Bai Guanghui , Yin Bo , Wang Shan , Gan Shuoqiu , Jia Xiaoyan , Liu Hongjuan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has a higher prevalence (more than 50%) of developing chronic posttraumatic headache (CPTH) compared with moderate or severe TBI. However, the underlying neural mechanism for CPTH remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the inflammation level and cortical volume changes in patients with acute PTH (APTH) and further examine their potential in identifying patients who finally developed CPTH at follow-up.

Methods
Seventy-seven mTBI patients initially underwent neuropsychological measurements, 9-plex panel of serum cytokines and MRI scans within 7 days post-injury (T-1) and 54 (70.1%) of patients completed the same protocol at a 3-month follow-up (T-2). Forty-two matched healthy controls completed the same protocol at T-1 once.

Results
At baseline, mTBI patients with APTH presented significantly increased GM volume mainly in the right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and dorsal posterior cingulate cortex (dPCC), of which the dPCC volume can predict much worse impact of headache on patients’ lives by HIT-6 (β = 0.389, P = 0.007) in acute stage. Serum levels of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) were also elevated in these patients, and its effect on the impact of headache on quality of life was partially mediated by the dPCC volume (mean [SE] indirect effect, 0.088 [0.0462], 95% CI, 0.01–0.164). Longitudinal analysis showed that the dACC and dPCC volumes as well as CCL2 levels had persistently increased in patients developing CPTH 3 months postinjury.

Conclusion
The findings suggested that structural remodelling of DMN brain regions were involved in the progression from acute to chronic PTH following mTBI, which also mediated the effect of inflammation processes on pain modulation.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrial.gov ID: NCT02868684; registered 16 August 2016.
Scrotal leiomyoma: a rare cause of scrotal swelling
Authors: Egharevba P. A. , Omoseebi O. , Okunlola A. I. , Omisanjo O. A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle tumours predominantly found in the uterus. Rarely, they may be located in the ovaries, scrotum, bladder, lungs, vascular structures and spermatic cord.

Case presentation
We managed a 39-year-old man who presented with a year history of progressive right-sided hemiscrotal swelling. The right scrotal mass was excised, and histology showed scrotal leiomyoma.

Conclusion
Scrotal leiomyoma is very rare and challenging to diagnose pre-operatively as a cause of scrotal swelling, but it is amenable to surgical excision.