bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Short Stature and Malnutrition among Egyptian Primary School Children and their Coexistence with Anemia
Authors: Shafie Ali M. El , Kasemy Zeinab A. , omar Zein A. , Alkalash Safa H. , salama Amal A. , mahrous kerollos s. , Hewedy Shaimaa M. , Kotb Nessreen M. , El-Hady Heba S. Abd , Eladawy Eman S. , Zeid Mohamed A. , Hamid Manar E. Abd El , Hemeda Emad H. , Elshafie Mohamed A. , meligy Esraa A. El , bahbah Wael A. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Under nutrition and overweight typically occur during nutritional transition periods in developing countries including Egypt. Short stature and anemia are public health concern due to its strong link with malnutrition which is a preventable risk factor. Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of overweight, obesity, underweight and short stature and its concurrence with anemia, also to determine the etiological profile of short stature among primary school children in Egypt.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 33150 Egyptian children aged 6-11 years old from January 2018 to January 2020, allocated in 59 primary schools from diverse geographical districts in Egypt. Complete anthropometric measurements were conducted and applied according to WHO growth charts. Hemoglobin level was measured. Systematic approach to detect the etiology of short stature was applied randomly to a sample of 380 stunted children.Results: The prevalence of underweight was 8.2 %, while obesity and overweight represented 21.8% (9.6% and 12.2% respectively). Overall short stature constituted 17%. The main etiologies of short stature were familial (40.8%) and constitutional (24.2%). Anemia was diagnosed in 26% of children; while concurrent anemia and stunting was reported in 9.9%. Regarding anemia and anemia with stunting were more common among girls (30.0 % (OR=1.50, CI95%: 1.43-1.58) and 11.4% (OR=1.39, CI95%:1.29-1.49) respectively), who were living in rural areas (33.4% (OR=1.96, CI 95%:1.87-2.06) &12.7% (OR= 1.72, CI 95%:1.60-1.85)) and those who had low socioeconomic status )34.6% (OR= 2.54, CI 95%:2.29-2.82) & 17.2% (OR= 3.32, CI 95%:2.85-3.88() respectively. Anemia with stunting was significantly higher among children aged ≥9 years old representing 12% (OR= 1.40, CI 95%:1.30-1.51). Conclusion: Prevalence of short stature, obesity and anemia was high among primary school children in Egypt with a strong concurrence between anemia and stunting. Intensive parental health education and in-depth nutritional assessment are required.
Predictors of cartilage degeneration in patients with subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head: a retrospective study
Authors: Shimizu Tomohiro , Yokota Sunichi , Kimura Yosuke , Asano Tsuyoshi , Shimizu Hirokazu , Ishizu Hotaka , Iwasaki Norimasa , Takahashi Daisuke 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: There is evidence that the cause of primary osteoarthritis (OA) is related to the changes in subchondral bone; however, the influence of subchondral insufficiency fracture (SIF) of the femoral head on the degeneration of the hip joint and the prognostic factors related to joint degeneration remain unclear. The objectives of this study were: 1) to investigate the natural history of joint space width after the occurrence of SIF and 2) to investigate the associations between joint space narrowing and bone metabolic markers as well as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among the patients with SIF.Methods: Between January 2010 and December 2019, 238 patients in whom band pattern of the femoral head were observed on MRI visited our hospital. Among these patients, 44 hips in 41 patients were diagnosed with SIF and eligible for this retrospective study. We evaluated the joint space width (JSW) of the hip on the radiograph obtained at the first and last visits, length of the band lesion on MRI, bone mineral density by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and bone metabolism markers. Similarly, the factors associated with the necessity of surgery and the progression of the narrowing of the joint space were evaluated.Results: Fifteen of the 44 hips required total hip arthroplasty (THA). A significant decrease was observed in the JSW from the first visit to the final follow-up. Changes in the JSW were associated with the length of band patterns, serum type 1 procollagen-N-propeptide (P1NP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b) during diagnosis. Additionally, bone metabolic markers tended to be associated with the length of the band pattern. Conclusions: SIF could cause joint space narrowing and hip OA. In addition to MRI findings as prognostic predictors of SIF, as previously described, bone metabolic markers were equally associated with changes in JSW, suggesting that these parameters could be useful in predicting the prognosis of SIF. Considering that bone metabolic markers trended to be associated with the length of band pattern, they might reflect the local severity.
Identification and characterization of immature Anopheles and culicines (Diptera: Culicidae) at three sites of varying malaria transmission intensities in Uganda.
Authors: Musiime Alex K. , Smith David L. , Kilama Maxwell , Otto Geoffrey , Kyagamba Patrick , Rek John , Conrad Melissa D. , Nankabirwa Joaniter I. , Arinaitwe Emmanuel , Akol Anne M. , Kamya Moses R. , Dorsey Grant , Staedke Sarah G. , Drakeley Chris , Lindsay Steve W. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Over the last two decades, there has been remarkable progress in malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa, due mainly to the massive deployment of long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying. Despite these gains, it is clear that in many situations, additional interventions are needed to further reduce malaria transmission. Larval source management (LSM) is a potential supplementary measure that could be used to control malaria. However, prior to its roll-out, knowledge on ecology of larval aquatic habitats is required. Methods: Aquatic habitats colonized by Anopheles vectors were characterised at three sites of low, medium and high malaria transmission in Uganda from October 2011 to June 2016. Larval surveys were conducted along transects in each site and aquatic habitats described according to type and size. Anopheles mosquito larvae and pupae from the described habitats were sampled using standard dipping methods to determine larval densities. Larvae were identified as anopheline or culicine and counted. Pupae were not identified further. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the presence of Anopheles larvae in each site. Results: A total of 1,205 larval aquatic habitats were surveyed and yielded a total of 17,028 anopheline larvae, 26,958 culicine larvae and 1,189 pupae. Peaks in larval abundance occurred in all sites in March-May and August-October coinciding with the rainy seasons. Anopheles larvae were found in 52.4 % (n = 251) of aquatic habitats in Tororo, a site of high transmission, 41.9 % (n = 536) of habitats in Kanungu, a site with moderate malaria transmission, and 15.8 % (n=418) in Jinja, a site with low malaria transmission. The odds of finding Anopheles larvae was highest in rice fields compared to pools in both Tororo (odds ratio, OR = 4.21, 95% CI 1.22-14.56, p = 0.02) and Kanungu (OR= 2.14, 95% CI 1.12-4.07, p =0.02). In Kanungu, Anopheles larvae were less likely to be found in open drains compared to pools (OR = 0.15, 95% CI 0.03-0.72, p = 0.02) and river fringe (OR = 0.19, 95% CI 0.07-0.52, p = 0.001). Conclusions: These findings show that Anopheles larvae were common in areas of high and moderate transmission but were rare in areas of low transmission. Although Anopheles larvae were found in all types of water bodies, they were most common in rice fields and less common in open drains and on river fringes. Methods are needed to reduce the aquatic stages of anopheline mosquitoes in human-made habitats, particularly rice fields.
Drivers of molecular and morphometric variation in Triatoma brasiliensis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): the resolution of geometric morphometrics for populational structuring in micro-geographic scale
Authors: Kamimura Edgard , Viana Maria Carolina , Lilioso Mauricio , Fontes Fernanda , Pires-Silva Dayane , Valença-Barbosa Carolina , Fuente Ana , Folly-Ramos Elaine , Solferini Vera Nisaka , Thyssen Patricia J , Costa Jane , Almeida Carlos Eduardo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
Factors associated with childbearing intention of women on Antiretroviral Therapy in Northwest Ethiopia: A cross sectional study
Authors: Ayele Amare Simegn , Belay Demeke Mesfin , Birihane Biniam Minuye 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Though, childbearing intention is normal, it is imperative in Human Immune Virus positive women and identifying their intention has significant in reducing mother to child transmission. This study was intended to assess childbearing intention and associated factors among women on antiretroviral therapy in South Gondar Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia.Methods: Institution based cross sectional study was employed. The sample for each Hospitals was allocated proportionally. Systematic random sampling method was used to select the study participants. Data were coded and entered into epidata 4.2 software and exported to statistical package for social sciences version 25 for analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to saw the association between each independent variable and dependent variable. All variables with P-value < 0.25 during bi-variable analyses were considered for multivariable logistic regression analyses. Odds ratio along with 95%CI were estimated to measure the strength of the association. Level of statistical significance was declared at p value less or equal to 0.05.Results: - A total of 418 women on antiretroviral therapy participated in the study. Child bearing intention was 42.6%. History of pregnancy after HIV diagnosis [Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR) =5.19, 95% CI: (1.83, 14.7)], Partners fertility desire [AOR=10.99, 95% CI: (4.34, 27.86)], having alive children [AOR=0.23, 95% CI: 0.23(0.81, 0.63)] were significantly associated with childbearing intention.Conclusion. Childbearing intention of women on antiretroviral treatment was low. Having partner’s fertility desire, had pregnancy after HIV diagnosis and have alive child were significantly associated with childbearing intention. Information needs to be shared for the clients by using counseling protocols developed to achieve their desired reproductive goals.
ES-2 Ovarian Cancer Cells Present a Genomic Profile Inconsistent with their Reported History
Authors: Devor Eric J. , Lapierre Jace R. , Leslie Kimberly K. , Bender David P. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective: ES-2 ovarian cancer cells have long been reported to have originated from a primary clear cell carcinoma of the ovary presenting in a 47 year-old African American patient. Two recent publications have offered evidence calling both of these characteristics into question. Our objective was to further study this cell line using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing in order to confirm or refute these inconsistencies.Results: qPCR assays on two characteristic loci, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (NHF-1β) and glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3), suggest that ES-2 are unusual clear cell carcinoma cells that appear more like high grade serous carcinoma than clear cell. Further, mtDNA haplotyping places the ancestral origin of the patient’s lineage in the Middle East or Europe and not Africa. These results are consistent with and support the conclusions of the two recent publications.
Elderly patients of mild cognitive impairment exhibit altered profiles of the gut microbiota
Authors: Pan Qiong , Li Ya-Qian , Guo Ke , Xue Min , Gan Yu , Wang Kejian , Xu Da-Bao , Tu Qiu-Yun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
As the transitional state between normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is characterized by cognitive decline greater than natural aging. While the association between AD and gut microbiota has been reported in a number of studies, there is still very limited microbial research about MCI.
Methods
Here we enrolled 48 participants, including 22 MCI cases and 26 normal controls. Fecal samples were collected for 16S rRNA quantitative arrays and bioinformatics analysis.
Results
Both Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) and Non-metric Multidimensional scaling (NMDS) demonstrated that the microbial composition of MCI individuals deviated from the cluster of healthy controls. Multiple bacterial species were significantly increased (e.g., Staphylococcus intermedius) or decreased (e.g., Bacteroides salyersiae) in the samples from MCI group.
Conclusion
Therefore, the composition of gut microbiota differed between control subjects and MCI cases. Our study is the first to identify a series of MCI signature species in the gut microbiota, thus providing a new direction for future development of early diagnosis and probiotics regimen.
Comparison Of Conjunctival Autograft And Combined Amniotic Membrane Mini-Simple Limbal Epithelial Transplantion After Primary Pterygium Excision
Authors: JHA ASHOK , Simba Abhay 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: To compare conjunctival autograft and combined amniotic membrane mini-simple limbal epithelial transplant after primary pterygium excision Methods: A prospective randomized interventional study was conducted on 264 eyes with Primary Pterygium.The patients were divided into Group I (conjunctival autograft) and Group II (mini-simple limbal epithelial transplant). 133 eyes in Group I underwent pterygium excision with a conjunctival autograft using fibrin glue. 131 eyes in Group II underwent mini Simple Limbal Epithelial Transplant with amniotic membrane using fibrin glue. Post-operatively, the patients were reviewed on day 1,3,7,14 & 30 and then at three,six and nine months. Primary outcome measure was the recurrence rate whereas the secondary outcome measures were the intraoperative time and other complications.Recurrence rate was calculated using Fisher’s exact test. Variables like age , preoperative BCVA , operative time and the dimensions of graft were compared using unpaired t test . Other baseline characteristics like gender, Laterality, grades of pterygium(I-III),Occupation and indication of surgery were expressed between the two groups using Pearson’s Chi-Square test. Results: Two hundred and thirty three eyes(118 in group I and 115 in group II) could complete nine months follow-up period. Recurrence was seen in 2(1.6%) cases in group I whereas 3 cases (2.6%) had recurrence in group II(p=0.681).Operative time for group (II) (20.33±1.28 min) was significantly higher (p<0.001) than group I (12.01±1.26). Graft displacement occurred in one case in group II (p=0.999). Conclusions: Despite a longer time,(p<0.001) mini-SLET seems to be a viable and equally effective alternative to CAG in the management of primary pterygium ,especially in cases where conjunctiva needs to be spared.Ethical Clearance Certificate Number : 29/MH/2015 dated 11 Aug 2015
What Evidence Informs the Nursing Care of People with Class III Obesity in an Acute Care Setting? A Scoping Review.
Authors: Ewens Beverley , Kemp Vivien , Towel-Barnard Amanda , Whitehead Lisa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Obesity is a complex psycho-social construct which is strongly linked with health and well-being. The health and socioeconomic impacts of obesity on individuals and health care systems can be significant. The nursing care of people with Class III obesity needs careful attention to ensure the provision of appropriate care. This scoping review aims to synthesise available evidence on the nursing care of Class III obese patients in acute care settings. Methods : A scoping review informed by the Joanna Briggs Institute approach was undertaken. We searched CINAHL Plus, Medline, Scopus, Proquest Central, Web of Science and Embase databases for primary research articles relating to the nursing management of people classified as Class III obese in acute care settings. The methodological quality of all studies that met the inclusion criteria were assessed and data relating to methods and the findings extracted and synthesised into themes. Results : 3809 records were identified. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Three themes were generated from the synthesis of the findings: Access, knowledge and training related to equipment; Patient care; and Opportunities to improve care. Conclusions : The need for proactive planning to improve the nursing care provided to people classified as class III obese and admitted to acute care settings is vital. Access to appropriate equipment to support moving and handling and education on equipment use to prevent injury to both patients and staff is necessary. Education and support to promote engagement with patients, adapt nursing care practices and promote self-care have the potential to improve patient care and patient outcomes.
Experimental measurement and evaluation of the noise generated by three transmissions by synchronous belts of type AT10, BAT10 and SFAT10
Authors: Mohammed Merghache Sidi , Amine Hamdi , Brahim Fernini 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Synchronous belt drives combine the advantages of simple belt drives (flat, trapezoidal or ridged) due to their low weight, low maintenance, large linear speed ranges and high transmission ratios with the advantages of chains: absence sliding, synchronized transmission of speed, low tensioning, etc. Thanks to the toothing of the belt which enters the corresponding one of the synchronous pulleys, there is direct transmission of the power without sliding as between two gears. This article develops an experimental study which makes it possible to see the influence of the angular speed, the engine torque and the setting tension on the impact noise of the belt teeth on the pulley teeth during meshing and vibrations of the free strands of the belt. We have measured the noise generated by three transmissions by synchronous belts of type AT10, BAT10 and SFAT10.
The association between plasma hyaluronan level and plaque types in ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction patients
Authors: Li Jiannan , Tan Yu , Sheng Zhanxue , Zhou Peng , Liu Chen , Zhao Hanjun , Song Li , Zhou Jinying , Chen Runzhen , Chen Yi , Yan Hongbing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

The metabolism of hyaluronan (HA) is widely known to be involved in the process of acute coronary syndrome, but it is unknown how circulating HA levels change in ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients and whether HA is associated with plaque morphology, including rupture and erosion.
Objectives

This study focused on the changes in the plasma levels of HA and CD44 in STEMI patients and their relationship with plaque morphology evaluated by optical coherence tomography (OCT).
Methods

We prospectively enrolled 3 cohorts in this study, including 162 patients with STEMI, 34 patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) and 50 healthy controls. Plaque morphology was detected by OCT analysis, and the plasma levels of HA and CD44 were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We compared HA and CD44 expression among STEMI patients, SCAD patients and healthy controls, as well as in plaque rupture and plaque erosion.
Results

The plasma levels of HA and CD44 were significantly lower in STEMI patients than in healthy controls (p = 0.009 and p < 0.001, respectively). In addition, plasma HA expression in plaque erosion was significantly lower than that in plaque rupture (p = 0.021), whereas no differences were found in soluble CD44 expression between plaque rupture and erosion.
Conclusions

Low levels of circulating HA and CD44 were independently correlated with STEMI, and low levels of HA were associated with plaque erosion compared with rupture. Moreover, plasma HA might be a useful biomarker for identifying plaque erosion to improve the risk stratification and management of STEMI patients.
Left Apicoposterior Segmentectomy for Lung Cancer With Displaced Segmental Bronchus: A Case Report
Authors: Yanagiya Masahiro , Yamaguchi Hirokazu , Hiyama Noriko , Matsumoto Jun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:Pulmonary segmentectomy can be challenging when thoracic surgeons encounter anatomical anomalies. A displaced left apicoposterior bronchus is a rare bronchial anomalythatmakes lung anatomical resection challenging. We herein present a case of successful left apicoposterior segmentectomy for lung cancer in a patient with an anomalous segmental bronchus. Case presentation:A 70-year-old man was clinically diagnosed with early-stage lung cancer for which segmentectomy was indicated. A preoperative image revealed a displaced left apicoposterior bronchus that branched behind the left main pulmonary artery. With the aid of three-dimensional reconstruction imaging and systemic indocyanine green injection, we successfully performed left apicoposterior segmentectomy under complete video-assisted thoracic surgery. The pathological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma. The patient was alive without recurrence 8 months after segmentectomy.Conclusion:Preoperative three-dimensional imaging and systemic indocyanine green injection enabled us to successfully conduct challenging segmentectomyin a patient with an anomalous bronchus.
Development of a Prognostic Five-Gene Signature with Radiotherapy Guidance Significance for Diffuse Lower-Grade Glioma Patients Based on Large-Scale Sequencing Data
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Luo Shun-Bin , Xie Fu-Chen , Liu Xiao-Jun , Xu Ren-ai 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Diffuse lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) are infiltrative and heterogeneous neoplasms. Gene signature including multiple protein coding genes (PCGs) is widely used as tumor markers. This study aimed to construct a multi-PCG signature to predict survival for LGG patients.Methods: LGG data including PCG expression profiles and clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). Survival analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and random survival forest algorithm (RSFVH) were used to identify the prognostic PCG signature.Results: From the training (n = 524) and test (n = 431) datasets, a five-PCG signature which can classify LGG patients into low- or high-risk group with significantly different overall survival (Log Rank P < 0.001) was screened out and validated. In terms of prognosis predictive performance, the five-PCG signature is stronger than other clinical variables and IDH mutation status. Moreover, the five-PCG signature could further divide radiotherapy patients into two different risk groups. GO and KEGG analysis found PCGs in the prognostic five-PCG signature were mainly enriched in cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA replication pathways.Conclusions: The new five-PCG signature is a reliable prognostic marker with radiotherapy guidance significance for LGG patients and has a good prospect in clinical application.