bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aberrant methylation-mediated downregulation of lncRNA CCND2 AS1 promotes cell proliferation in cervical cancer
Authors: Zhao Chengcheng , Liu Jian , Wu Huazhang , Hu Jiaojiao , Chen Jianquan , Chen Jie , Qiao Fengchang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in tumorigenesis. The lncRNA CCND2 AS1 has been shown to be involved in the growth of several tumors; however, its role in cervical cancer has not been elucidated. This study aimed to explore the expression, function, and underlying mechanism of action of CCND2 AS1 in cervical cancer. Expression of CCND2 AS1 was examined in cervical cancer and adjacent normal cervical tissues by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and by bioinformatic analysis of data from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database. The function of CCND2 AS1 was investigated by overexpressing or silencing CCND2 AS1 in HeLa and SiHa cervical cancer cells followed by in vitro and in vivo analyses. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and bisulfite genomic sequencing (BGS) were used to detect CCND2 AS1 promoter methylation status in cervical cancer cells.

Results
CCND2 AS1 expression was lower in cervical cancer compared with normal cervical tissues, and the level was significantly correlated with the patient age and tumor size. CCND2 AS1 overexpression inhibited the proliferation and cell cycle progression of HeLa cells in vitro and/or in vivo, whereas CCND2 AS1 silencing had the opposite effects. CCND2 AS1 expression was elevated after treatment of cervical cancer cells with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5′-azacytidine (5′-Aza), and this was mediated, at least in part, via reduced CpG methylation at the CCND2 AS1 promoter.

Conclusion
CCND2 AS1 expression is downregulated in cervical cancer, potentially through increased CCND2 AS1 promoter methylation, and the upregulation of CCND2 AS1 expression inhibited tumor growth. These data suggest that CCND2 AS1 could be a diagnostic marker and potential therapeutic target for cervical cancer.
Post-transplant indolent T cell lymphoproliferative disorder in living donor liver transplantation: a case report
Authors: Goto Ryoichi , Kawamura Norio , Watanabe Masaaki , Koshizuka Yasuyuki , Shiratori Souichi , Ara Momoko , Honda Shohei , Mitsuhashi Tomoko , Matsuno Yoshihiro , Shimamura Tsuyoshi , Taketomi Akinobu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) of T cell type has been rarely reported. Accurate diagnosis of this life-threatening rare form of PTLD is important for the treatment strategy.

Case presentation
A 7-year-old boy had severe diarrhea and weight loss progressively at 7 years post-living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for biliary atresia. Endoscopy in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract revealed multiple erosions and ulcer lesions with prominent intraepithelial lymphocytosis in the duodenum and terminal ileum. Immunohistochemical examination demonstrated that these accumulated lymphocytes mainly comprised small- to medium-sized T cells expressing CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7, and CD103, but lacking CD8, CD56, and Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs. In addition, T cell receptor β gene rearrangement was detected by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Comprehensively, the lesions were best interpreted as post-transplant indolent T cell lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) of the intestine. Clinical remission was achieved by reducing the immunosuppressant.

Conclusion
A rarely reported indolent type of T cell LPD in post-LDLT was diagnosed by direct inspection and histological investigation. Although the histological classification and therapeutic strategy for post-transplant indolent T cell LPD have not been established, reducing immunosuppression allowed complete remission in our case. To prevent the incidence of PTLD and de novo malignancy, developing a methodology to set a proper dose of immunosuppressant is required.
Evaluation of the usefulness of EQ-5D as a patient-reported outcome measure using the Paretian classification of health change among patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Jonsson Åsa , Orwelius Lotti , Dahlstrom Ulf , Kristenson Margareta 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of EQ-5D as a patient-reported outcome measure using different analytical methods. Especially we used the Paretian Classification of Health Change, to see if this gave better information compared to measures that are more traditional. For the evaluation we used data from patients with chronic heart failure (HF).

Methods
We compared results of EQ-5D at baseline and at 1 year’s follow up for HF patients with preserved or reduced ejection fraction (EF), HFpEF (EF > 50%, n = 930) and HFrEF (EF < 40%, n = 3831) using individual patient data from the Swedish Heart Failure Registry. Statistical analysis included EQ-5D index and proportions for all five dimensions of the EQ-5D. In addition, we also used the Paretian classification of Health Change to judge overall improvements (improved in at least one dimension and not worsened in any other dimension) or worsening (vice versa) in EQ-5D profiles.

Results
Mean EQ-5D index showed minor changes at the one-year follow-up, likewise in both groups. The proportions reporting moderate, or severe, problems increased for all five dimensions of the EQ-5D in the HFpEF group. In the HFrEF group this was seen only for three dimensions, with no change for “anxiety/depression” and reduction of problems for “usual activities “. The Paretian classification showed that 24% (n = 200) of the HFpEF group and 34% (n = 1059) of the HFrEF group reported overall improvement while 43% (n = 355) and 39% (n = 1212) respectively reported overall worsening. Multiple logistic regressions showed different patterns of determinants e.g. that treatment in a cardiology clinic only affected overall health outcome in the HFrEF group.

Conclusion
The usefulness of EQ-5D is dependent on the analytical method used. While the index showed minor differences between groups, analyses of specific dimensions showed different patterns of change in the two groups with better prognosis for the HFrEF group. The Paretian classification of Health Change could further identify subgroups that showed overall improvements or overall worsening. This method can therefore help to identify needs for more tailored interventions in health services.
Olanzapine in the treatment of anorexia nervosa: a systematic review
Authors: Çöpür Sidar , Çöpür Mazlum 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAnorexia nervosa, with the highest mortality rate among psychiatric diseases, is characterized by low body mass index, fear of weight gain, and disturbed body image. Even though multiple drugs have been proposed for the treatment of anorexia nervosa, current treatment modalities include nutritional support and psychotherapy. In this study, our aim is to analyze the efficiency and possible adverse effects of olanzapine, an atypical anti-psychotic drug, in the treatment of anorexia nervosa. The studies investigating the efficiency and possible adverse effects of olanzapine in anorexia nervosa have been searched by using 3 databases (Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library). DerSimonian-Laird random effects meta-analyses have been used in the statistical analysis. Effect of olanzapine treatment in accordance with the duration and dosage of drug have been analyzed by the determination of 95% confidence intervals (p value < 0.05 is considered as statistically significant). Despite the presence of some contradictory studies, olanzapine treatment has been found beneficial in anorexia nervosa. In addition, analysis reveals that statistically significant beneficial effect of olanzapine treatment is used at high doses and for short duration. Possible side effects include neuroleptic malignant syndrome, hypoglycemia, and heart block in patients suffering from anorexia nervosa. Even though there is obvious need for more comprehensive further studies, current literature favors olanzapine treatment. The efficiency of olanzapine is considered to be related to changes in dopaminergic and serotonergic system in anorexic patients both in terms of neurotransmitter levels and receptor activity.
Phytochemical and molecular analyses of some Coleus cultivars cultivated in Egypt
Authors: Shoaib Rashad M. , Ali Sami I. , Metwally Sami A. , Ibrahim Mohamed M. , Aboud Kamal A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundColeus(familyLamiaceae) is a popular garden ornamental plant known for its bright-colored foliage. The effective role of different plant growth regulators have been widely reported in plant cultivars (Singh A and Prasad SM Int. J. Sci. Eng. Appl. Sci. 2 (1): 1-10, (2016)). Kinetin has received great interest due to its richness in bioactive phytochemicals including polyphenolic compounds with its antioxidant activity. Molecular markers have been very helpful in enhancing our understanding of genome structure and function. In our study, we investigated the effect of three treatments of kinetin on the phytochemical contents of fiveColeuscultivars and molecular characterization by ISSR markers.ResultsThe studied cultivars ofColeusrevealed adequate amounts of pigments chlorophyll a (Cha), chlorophyll b (Chb), and total carotenoids (Carot) as well as phytochemical ingredients including total carbohydrates (Carb), total phenolic (TP), total flavonoids (TF), and total tannins (TT). Finger paint cultivar (C5) revealed the highest values (0.266, 10.853, 11.648, and 6.722 mg/g) of Carb, TP, and TT, respectively, while the highest contents (11.814 and 11.648 mg/g) of TF were identified in Beckwhites gem species (C2) and finger paint cultivar (C5), respectively. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker analysis was performed on the samples with 5 primer pairs. These bands were identified as 21 polymorphic and 18 monomorphic ones with 53.8% polymorphism. Ten unique bands were identified in the resulted ISSR profile.ConclusionThese results suggested that the effect of kinetin treatments stimulates secondary metabolites production. Also, ISSR marker is helpful for possible distinguishing, identifying, characterizing, and selection processing ofColeuscultivars.
Graduate teaching assistants: sharing epistemic agency with non-science majors in the biology laboratory
Authors: McFadden Justin Robert , Fuselier Linda 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn teaching laboratories, scientific reasoning and argumentation are often taught in concert so students are provided opportunities to formulate a more nuanced understanding of science-as-practice and science as a social epistemology. Given recent calls to attend to the social aspects of science, we used Critical Contextual Empiricism, a social epistemology of science, as a framework for examining what features of a scientific community emerge in the introductory biology lab. In a case study of six graduate teaching assistants (GTAs), we explored how GTAs encouraged epistemic agency that encouraged their student’s efforts at knowledge construction in a community by collecting multiple data sources (e.g. audio recordings, students written work, focus group interviews) over a four-week sequence. Data analysis strategies were inductive, as a series of initial and focused coding were applied to select exchanges garnered from within the lab. Comparative analysis identified common occurrences across each respective case, which then revealed three overarching themes. We intended for GTAs to readily encourage epistemic agency to their students so insights regarding the social nature of knowledge production could be experienced and discussed. When epistemic shifts did occur, GTAs executed discursive moves targeting students’ experimental design practices (e.g. defining the dependent variable). Conversely, student’s efforts were also de-legitimized as GTAs provided specific directives to follow when challenges emerged for students. Finally, GTAs struggled to create a genuine community that modeled exemplary science-as-practice in the lab. Implications discuss how GTAs likely require more targeted support if community-driven learning is going to be successful in these uniquely challenging settings. Finally, working with non-science majors adds an additional layer of importance here given these lab-based experiences are limited and understanding the community’s role in generating scientific knowledge is a key component of being scientifically literate.
What Is the Impact of the Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak on Cancer Management in Guinea?
Authors: Traore Bangaly , Kourouma Mamady , Bah Malick , Keita Mamady 
Published: June 2020

PURPOSE To assess the impact of the Ebola virus disease outbreak (EVDO) on cancer management at the surgical oncology unit of Donka National Hospital. METHODS This was a retrospective and comparative analysis of cancer consultation and care data before (2012-2013), during (2014-2015), and after (2016-2017) the EVDO. The number of cancer occurrences, referral mode, origin, main activities (consultations, surgery, chemotherapy), and access of radiotherapy were analyzed. The Mann-Whitney U test with independent samples used was considered as significant if P was ≤ .05. RESULTS From 2012 to 2017, 4,977 patients were admitted, including 2,254 with cancer. The variations observed were a decrease in consultations by 2.3% during the EVDO versus an increase by 46.9% after the outbreak ( P < .001). We found decreases of 0.7% and 12.5% during and increases of 253.8% and 15.4% after the EVDO from level 1 and 2 and from level 3 health facilities, respectively ( P < .001). A total of 251 surgeries were performed, and 1,463 received chemotherapy. There was 5.2% more chemotherapy use during and 33.7% more after the EVDO ( P < .001). The number of surgeries increased by 35.8% and decreased by 40.0% during and after the EVDO, respectively ( P < .001). We evacuated 36 patients for radiotherapy, which reflected a decrease of 42.1% and 45.5% during and after the EVDO ( P < .001). CONCLUSION Cancer management slowed down during the EVDO. This change requires organization of the fight against cancer through the institutionalization and decentralization of its management.
Nonsurgical Management of Oligozoospermia
Authors: Choy Jeremy T , Amory John K 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMale infertility secondary to oligozoospermia is surprisingly common. Although a majority of cases are idiopathic, oligozoospermia can be caused by endocrine dysfunction, anatomic abnormalities, medications, or environmental exposures. The work-up includes excluding reversible factors such as hormonal deficiency, medication effects, and retrograde ejaculation and identifying any underlying genetic syndrome and treating reversible medical causes. If no reversible cause is found, appropriate referrals to urology and assisted reproductive technology should be initiated. Lastly, clinicians should be aware of and respond to the psychological and general health ramifications of a diagnosis of oligozoospermia as part of the comprehensive care of men and couples struggling with a diagnosis of infertility.
Cancellation of Elective Surgery and Intensive Care Unit Capacity in New York State: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Poeran Jashvant , Zhong Haoyan , Wilson Lauren , Liu Jiabin , Memtsoudis Stavros G. 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND:
In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, New York State ordered the suspension of all elective surgeries to increase intensive care unit (ICU) bed capacity. Yet the potential impact of suspending elective surgery on ICU bed capacity is unclear.

METHODS:
We retrospectively reviewed 5 years of New York State data on ICU usage. Descriptions of ICU utilization and mechanical ventilation were stratified by admission type (elective surgery, emergent/urgent/trauma surgery, and medical admissions) and by geographic location (New York metropolitan region versus the rest of New York State). Data are presented as absolute numbers and percentages and all adult and pediatric ICU patients were included.

RESULTS:
Overall, ICU admissions in New York State were seen in 10.1% of all hospitalizations (n = 1,232,986/n = 12,251,617) and remained stable over a 5-year period from 2011 to 2015. Among n = 1,232,986 ICU stays, sources of ICU admission included elective surgery (13.4%, n = 165,365), emergent/urgent admissions/trauma surgery (28.0%, n = 345,094), and medical admissions (58.6%, n = 722,527). Ventilator utilization was seen in 26.3% (n = 323,789/n = 1232,986) of all ICU patients of which 6.4% (n = 20,652), 32.8% (n = 106,186), and 60.8% (n = 196,951) was for patients from elective, emergent, and medical admissions, respectively. New York City holds the majority of ICU bed capacity (70.0%; n = 2496/n = 3566) in New York State.

CONCLUSIONS:
Patients undergoing elective surgery comprised a small fraction of ICU bed and mechanical ventilation use in New York State. Suspension of elective surgeries in response to the COVID-19 pandemic may thus have a minor impact on ICU capacity when compared to other sources of ICU admission such as emergent/urgent admissions/trauma surgery and medical admissions. More study is needed to better understand how best to maximize ICU capacity for pandemics requiring heavy use of critical care resources.
Ten Years of Messaging about the Affordable Care Act in Advertising and News Media: Lessons for Policy and Politics
Authors: Gollust Sarah E. , Fowler Erika Franklin , Niederdeppe Jeff 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Messaging about the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has seemingly produced a variety of outcomes: millions of Americans gained access to health insurance, yet much of the US public remains confused about major components of the law, and there remain stark and persistent political divides in support of the law. Our analysis of the volume and content of ACA-related media (including both ads and news) helps explain these phenomena, with three conclusions. First, the information environment around the ACA has been complex and competitive, with messaging originating from diverse sponsors with multiple objectives. Second, partisan cues in news and political ads are abundant, likely contributing to the crystallized politically polarized opinion about the law. Third, partisan discussions of the ACA in political ads have shifted in volume, direction, and tone over the decade, presenting divergent views regarding which party is accountable for the law's successes (or failures). We offer evidence for each of these conclusions from longitudinal analyses of the volume and content of ACA messaging, also referencing studies that have linked these messages to attitudes and behavior. We conclude with implications for health communication, political science, and the future outlook for health reform.
A Look Under the Hood: Regulatory Policy Making and the Affordable Care Act
Authors: Haeder Simon F. , Yackee Susan Webb 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Affordable Care Act (ACA) was signed into law a decade ago. Partisanship has limited the number of statutory changes, leaving the law mostly unchanged across the past 10 years. However, the ACA delegated vast powers to the executive branch, which opened the door for significant regulatory policy-making activities (also called “rulemaking”). We collected data on all regulatory actions related to the Affordable Care Act that have been taken since its passage to provide the first exploratory analyses of both the public law itself and the ensuing rulemaking activities. We also provide illustrative examples of two controversial issues: short-term limited-duration insurance plans and contraceptive coverage for women. Despite relative statutory stasis, regulatory actions have continued to shape the implementation of the Affordable Care Act. Both the Obama and Trump administrations have taken advantage of a vast delegation of policy-making power. Importantly, regulatory policy making holds the potential to yield significant changes depending on the policy goals of the presidential administration. Scholars, policy makers, and the public are well-advised to pay attention to ACA-related rulemaking activities. Moreover, “quasi-rulemaking” (i.e., the use of agency guidance as a policy tool) remains largely unexplored but could indicate an even greater regulatory enterprise than illustrated here.
Why Did the ACA Co-Op Program Fail? Lessons for the Health Reform Debate
Authors: Sparer Michael S. , Brown Lawrence D. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The ACA created a new type of nonprofit health insurance entity, the “Consumer Operated and Oriented Plan” (“co-op”). Most of the newly created co-ops soon lost money, and only 4 of the original 23 remain. We interviewed key stakeholders and conducted in-depth case studies of 3 of these co-ops. We discovered that politicians and regulators made it unlikely the program could succeed, that most of the co-ops did not have the management capacity to overcome these political obstacles, and that even those with good managers lacked the needed fiscal resilience. We also considered lessons suggested for those proposing a newly created “public option.” The main one is that a successful public option requires a supportive political environment, strong management, and significant fiscal capacity, none of which comes easily. A better route may be a quasi-public option in which the government subcontracts the operation of its newly created plan to a private firm. Although it is uncertain whether federal regulators have the capacity to hold such private for-profit firms accountable, pragmatism suggests that a combination of public-sector regulation and private-sector implementation may be the most direct path toward a US version of affordable universal coverage.
The Potential and Realized Impact of the Affordable Care Act on Health Equity
Authors: Lantz Paula M. , Rosenbaum Sara 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was designed with multiple goals in mind, including a reduction in social disparities in health care and health status. This was to be accomplished through some novel provisions and a significant infusion of resources into long-standing public programs with an existing track record related to health equity. In this article, we discuss seven ACA provisions with regard to their intended and realized impact on social inequalities in health, focusing primarily on socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities. Arriving at its 10th anniversary, there is significant evidence that the ACA has reduced social disparities in key health care outcomes, including insurance coverage, health care access, and the use of primary care. In addition, the ACA has had a significant impact on the volume/range of services offered and the financial security of community health centers, and through section 1557, the ACA broadened the civil rights landscape in which the health care system operates. Less clear is how the ACA has contributed to improved health outcomes and health equity. Extant evidence suggests that the part of the ACA that has had the greatest impact on social disparities in health outcomes—including preterm births and mortality—is the Medicaid expansion.