bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metal-insert technique for polypropylene composite bipolar plate manufacturing
Authors: Yeetsorn Rungsima , Maiket Yaowaret 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A single cell of direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) typically delivers an electrical potential between 0.5 and 1 V; thus DMFCs are assembled in parallel to meet power demands (1–5 kW). Bipolar plates (BPs) are the primary components connecting a single cell to the adjacent cells so that they provide optimum electrical conductivity. The objective of this research is to reduce the volume resistance of BPs made from a polypropylene/carbon composite by utilizing a metal insert technique. A major obstacle when it comes to molding composite plates inserted by a thin metal sheet is the delamination of material layers after the cooling process. The delamination issue is due to different surface polarities between metal and polypropylene-composite surfaces. One of the strategies to solve this issue is to modify the surface of one layer for creating similarity of the surface polarity. A metal sheet surface was coated with graphene using a cold spraying technique to enhance adhesion ability. The suitable spraying conditions were determined by experimenting with varying temperature, pressure, graphene quantity and graphene types. The effectiveness of surface modification by the graphene spraying technique was assessed by a surface morphology observation, an electrical conductivity measurement and DMFC performance tests. Results were interesting, they indicated that when DMFC was assembled with silver sheet, inserted BPs provided 25.13 mW/cm2 of power density, 3,350.7 mWh of generated energy and 67% of efficiency. This highlights that the performance of a BP prototype is superior to the performance of a commercial composite bipolar plate.
PNIPAAM/SA pH-responsive microcapsules based on chemical and non-covalent crosslinking
Authors: Fei Zhengdong , Zheng Dong , Fan Ping , Chen Feng , Zhong Mingqiang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A triple interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) with dual responses to temperature and pH was constructed based on chemical crosslinking and electrostatic interaction. In this IPN, CaCO3 microspheres were used as the kernel and PNIPAAM/sodium alginate microcapsules were prepared by the inverse emulsion polymerization method. Research results demonstrated that CaCO3 kernels were decomposed into Ca2+ and CO2 at pH 1.2. Such decomposition facilitated the formation of triple IPN of Ca2+ crosslinking. Moreover, microcapsules were expanded by tension of CO2 and the volume increased to 3.55 × 105 times that of the original microcapsules, with capsules remaining an intact morphology. These microcapsules loading doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) stability and responses to environment were investigated. No drug overflow was observed at pH 7.4, indicating the high stability of microcapsules. However, DOX was released gradually in the simulated human stomach acid with a weak solution of hydrochloric acid (pH 1.2, 37 °C). This showed that the prepared microcapsules were feasible for drug-loaded capsules and the controlled drug release behavior could relieve side effects of drugs to human body. Moreover, it will help to increase the drug utilization and realize accurate treatment.
Comparative studies of excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) and azo-hydrazone tautomerism in naphthalene-based fluorescent acid azo dyes by computational study
Authors: Shinde Suvidha , Sekar Nagaiyan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We found that benzothiazole is responsible for enhancing fastness properties of dyes. On comparing the total electronic energies of naphthol tautomers (−1425.16 eV) and its analogs (−2146.59 eV), we found that benzothiazolyl series is more stable than the naphthol series. Frontier Molecular Orbitals (FMOs) also show flow of charge transfer from the donor to the acceptor in benzothiazole-containing compounds, whereas it is absent in plane naphthol series. Among the benzothiazolyl isomers, the hydrazone form is found to be more stable and responsible for fluorescence possession. Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO)–Lowest Occupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) energy band gap also indicates the same. Electrophilicity index and hyper-hardness values of both the series were found to be positive which directly ratifies photostability and reactivity. Benzothiazolyl series was found to be more stable, hence light fastness, enhanced.
Art as a Symbol of Social Change: Material Expression of Forming Identity in the Early Medieval Trade Towns around South and Eastern Baltic. Wolin and Novgorod Case Study
Authors: Filipowiak Wojciech , Tochilova Nadezhda 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the early medieval urban centers on the south and east coast of the Baltic, objects decorated in Scandinavian style were used, however with the local character of ornamentation. The authors analyze large collections of this type of artifacts from Wolin and Novgorod against the wide North European background. They indicate the spread of this phenomenon in the Baltic area, naming it Viking Periphery Art and offer an explanation of its origin instead of previous attempts of defining this phenomenon as a Pomeranian School of Scandinavian-Insular Art. They argue that the local art is a testimony to social changes: the fusion of different cultural elements could be proof of the development of the new identity of town elites taking part in long-distance trade in the 10th century.
Effect of Cd and SPD on structure, physical, mechanical, and operational properties of alloy of Cu-Cr-Zr
Authors: Aksenov Denis A. , Raab Georgiy I. , Asfandiyarov Rashid N. , Semenov Vladimir I. , Shuster Lev Sh. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
An increase in the service life of electrical products from copper and its alloys is directly related to an increase in the wear resistance of materials. Structural refinement and alloying with cadmium are known to have a positive effect on the strength characteristics and wear resistance of copper, which makes it possible, with a Cd content of 1% by weight, to increase the wear resistance of copper several times, but cadmium is considered an environmentally unsafe element. In this regard, the paper presents the results of studies of a widely used Cu-Cr-Zr alloy system in the ultrafine-grained (UFG) state, micro-alloyed with cadmium (0.2%, weight), in order to improve physical, mechanical, and operational properties, as well as environmental safety. Severe plastic deformation, providing structure refinement to ~150 nm, and microalloying with cadmium of a Cu-Cr-Zr system alloy, after a complete processing cycle, provides a tensile strength of 570±10 MPa and 67% electrical conductivity. At the same time, the abrasion resistance increases by 12 and 35% relative to the industrial systems Cu-Cd and Cu-Cr-Zr, respectively. The obtained characteristics are very promising for improving the operational properties of continuous welding tips, collector plates, and contact wires operating under conditions of intense wear.
To Settle or to Fight to the End? Case-level Determinants of Early Settlement of Investor-State Disputes
Authors: Vu Duy 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
International investment arbitration is a third-party dispute resolution mechanism aimed mainly at depoliticizing investment disputes and maintaining efficient investment flows among countries. Almost one-third of treaty-based investor-state disputes brought before this system are settled before the tribunal’s final ruling. Given the classical “Against Settlement” debate in the legal literature, we build an original database of treaty-based arbitrations from 1996 to 2016 to empirically test the determinants of early settlement. We find that the probability of settlement increases if the host state has no experience of resolving those kinds of disputes but decrease if it anticipates a favorable outcome. The nature of the regulatory measures applied by the host state and the identity of foreign investors are additional important determinants of settlement. Interestingly, we find strong evidence of a Dutch effect in dispute resolution.
A semiparametric method for the analysis of outcomes during a gap in HIV care under incomplete outcome ascertainment
Authors: Bakoyannis Giorgos , Diero Lameck , Mwangi Ann , Wools-Kaloustian Kara K. , Yiannoutsos Constantin T. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Estimation of the cascade of HIV care is essential for evaluating care and treatment programs, informing policy makers and assessing targets such as 90-90-90. A challenge to estimating the cascade based on electronic health record concerns patients “churning” in and out of care. Correctly estimating this dynamic phenomenon in resource-limited settings, such as those found in sub-Saharan Africa, is challenging because of the significant death under-reporting. An approach to partially recover information on the unobserved deaths is a double-sampling design, where a small subset of individuals with a missed clinic visit is intensively outreached in the community to actively ascertain their vital status. This approach has been adopted in several programs within the East Africa regional IeDEA consortium, the context of our motivating study. The objective of this paper is to propose a semiparametric method for the analysis of competing risks data with incomplete outcome ascertainment.

Methods
Based on data from double-sampling designs, we propose a semiparametric inverse probability weighted estimator of key outcomes during a gap in care, which are crucial pieces of the care cascade puzzle.

Results
Simulation studies suggest that the proposed estimators provide valid estimates in settings with incomplete outcome ascertainment under a set of realistic assumptions. These studies also illustrate that a naïve complete-case analysis can provide seriously biased estimates. The methodology is applied to electronic health record data from the East Africa IeDEA Consortium to estimate death and return to care during a gap in care.

Conclusions
The proposed methodology provides a robust approach for valid inferences about return to care and death during a gap in care, in settings with death under-reporting. Ultimately, the resulting estimates will have significant consequences on program construction, resource allocation, policy and decision making at the highest levels.
Schelling über Dantes Commedia und Goethes Faust als Neue Mythologien
Authors: Auer Flavio 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The concept of a New Mythology is a central topic of Early Romantic philosophy. Whereas its most influential delineations in the Älteste Systemprogramm and by Friedrich Schlegel believe a New Mythology to be impossible, Schelling takes a more optimistic view. In his Philosophie der Kunst Schelling formulates a theory of mythology which also accomodates a modern mythology. His most important examples of such a New Mythology are Dante’s Commedia and Goethe’s Faust.
Graffito of the Scribes of the Royal Necropolis of the 21st Dynasty from the Hatshepsut Temple at Deir el-Bahari
Authors: Barwik Mirosław 
Published: November 2020

Summary
A hieratic graffito from the temple of Queen Hatshepsut refers to the names of the members of the well-known family of the scribes of the royal necropolis, descendants of the scribe Tuthmosis and his son Butehamun. This graffito can be dated to the period of the early 21st Dynasty, as at least three of the sons of Butehamun are mentioned here, alongside one of his grandsons by the name Meniunefer (III).
‘To All the Gods of Neferusy’
Authors: Ferreres Romain 
Published: November 2020

Summary
The unpublished stele of Djehutymes son of Nehemaway presented here is a small monument coming from a region poor in archaeological remains and showing the piety of a man towards the gods of his hometown. The stele’s main interests lie in the unusual depiction of the frog goddess Heqet as well as in the reference to the two cities of Her-wer and Neferusy, thus adding another stone to the building of their relationship as well as their nature.
Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography – high-resolution mass spectrometry profiling and hepatoprotective activity of purified saponin and flavonoid fractions from the aerial parts of wild spinach (Chenopodium bonus-henricusL.)
Authors: Kokanova-Nedialkova Zlatina , Nedialkov Paraskev , Kondeva-Burdina Magdalena 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAn ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography – high-resolution mass spectrometry profiling method was used for a comprehensive study of flavonoid and saponin-rich fractions from the aerial parts of wild spinach (Chenopodium bonus-henricusL.). Thirty-six compounds, respectively,22saponins of eight sapogenins (phytolaccagenin, bayogenin, medicagenic acid, 2β-hydroxygypsogenin, 2β-hydroxyoleanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-30-nor-gypsogenin, 2-hydroxyakebonic acid, and akebonic acid) together with12 flavonoid glycosides of 6-methoxykaempferol, isorhamnetin, patuletin, spinacetin as well as two ecdysteroids (20-hydroxyecdysone and polypodine B) were detected. The occurrence of sapogenins 2-hydroxy-30-nor-gypsogenin, 2-hydroxyakebonic acid, and akebonic acid in theChenopodiumgenus is reported here for the first time. The flavonoid and saponin-rich fractions showedin vitrohepatoprotective and antioxidant activity comparable to those of flavonoid complex silymarin (60 μg/mL) in a model of metabolic bioactivation, induced by CCl4. All tested fractions, compared to silymarin, significantly reduced the cellular damage caused by CCl4in rat hepatocytes, preserved cell viability and GSH level, decreased LDH leakage, and reduced lipid damage. The results showed that saponin-rich fractions F3A and F3B possessed better hepatoprotective activity than flavonoid-rich fractions (F2A and F2B). The most active was fraction F3B and this is probably due to the synergism between the saponins and some acylated flavonol glycosides found there.
Diazo-pyrazole analogues as photosensitizers in dye sensitised solar cells: tuning for a better photovoltaic efficiency using a new modelling strategy using experimental and computational data
Authors: John Athira M. , Thomas Renjith , Balakrishnan Sreeja P. , Al-Zaqri Nabil , Alsalme Ali , Warad Ismail 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The designing of a dye sensitised solar cell (DSSC) is one of the frontiers in harvesting solar energy as it provides an alternative to economic photovoltaic devices with increased efficiency. In this manuscript, we report a new methodology using experimental and theoretical data for the evaluation of the photosensitiser activity of organic dyes using theoretical simulations and experimental cell efficiency data. As a representative example, we designed a series of 54 novel pyrazole derivatives which are subjected to TD-DFT simulations (CAM-B3LYP/6-311G++ (2d, p)) and photovoltaic modelling. Data from computational simulations, as well as known experimental cells, are used for the calculation of photovoltaic efficiency. We selected pyrazole derivatives because of its proven use in DSSC as an effective dopant in a blended polymer electrolyte in nanocrystalline DSSC. Fine-tuning with the effect of substitution and with the π spacers at the ortho, meta and para positions for −OCH3, −OH, −CHO, −NO2 respectively were done. Enhanced efficiency of 7.439% was observed as compared to the standard cell of efficiency of 5.530%. An increase in efficiency was not observed with the effect of π spacers. The newly designed dyes demonstrate desirable energetic and spectroscopic parameter that can lead to efficient metal-free organic dye sensitiser for DSSC’s. The main advantage of this strategy is the incorporation of both simulated and experimental data. It will reduce the possible errors from the simulations and also, helps in performing time-consuming experimental studies.
MUHAMET-GERAI'S HAMAM: THE DISAPPEARED PART OF THE BAKHCHYSARAI PALACE
Authors: Moicєєв Дмитро 
Published: November 2020

This article is about the problem of the historical topography of the downtown of Bakhchisarai -Hansaray. It was the centre of formation of the medieval city and the capital of the Crimean Khanate. A popular belief is that Hansaray is, in one sense, a copy and development of the idea of a medieval Eastern Palace (videlicet, the Top Cap in Istanbul) and dominates in historiography.
The study of kırımlı cultural and historical heritage remains at a very low level as a result of permanent genocide by Russia empire in the XIX-XX centuries. This led to the development of a distorted picture of the historical and scientific understanding of cultural heritage. Great and significant monuments, even scientific memory about them, have disappeared from the cultural and historical landscape. Mehmed IV Geray baths is an example of this. The actual location of the monument with the help of archaeological geolocation method has been determined in this article. This discovery and interpretation, as an important part of the palatial part of the city development, gives a different look at the whole complex of Hansaray. The Khan's Palace is the centre of the city in contradistinction from the Oriental palaces. Quarters of socially important structures formed around it (one of them was Mohammed IV Giray's baths). After that city development transforms into civic blocks with town mansions, mosques and other public buildings.
DINAMIKA HISTORIS BARAT-ISLAM: MISPERSEPSI, PRASANGKA, DAN KONFLIK
Authors: Alim Syahirul 
Published: November 2020

Absract. The historical dynamics of the West-Islam always depicted as a phenomenon of misperception, antipathy, and conflicts that have been going on since the 12th century. The events of the Crusades and the spirit of reconquest of areas once occupied by Islam, leaving a bad-trail imprint in almost all perspectives of Western society towards Islam. Western antipathy was shown through negative sentiments, such as the term "saracen" to Muslim troops and the title of "Moor" which is still used by Western elites when they invaded and control various Muslim-majority areas. The heritage of Islamic civilization for the progress of the Western World is only valued to the extent of the "threat" about the revival of the glory of Islamic civilization that had ruled the world for about 7 centuries. The efforts of some Western scholars who are more objective perceived in understanding Islam, apparently are not so influential and Islam was still misunderstood by the West, even Islamophobia was becoming a phenomenon that strengthens as a form of Western fear of Islam. This paper seeks to portray the historical dynamics of West-Islam from various perspectives descriptively-analysis through a historical approach. Historical awareness is needed, so that too excessive and baseless assessments of anything should be avoided, because history was a series of past events that can provide information in the present, functioning as a frame of knowledge in placing a reality in a fitting and objective manner. Abstrak. Dinamika historis Barat-Islam selalu menggambarkan fenomena mispersepsi, antipati, bahkan konflik yang telah berjalan sejak abad ke-12. Peristiwa Perang Salib dan semangat penaklukan kembali wilayah-wilayah yang pernah dikuasai Islam oleh pasukan Salib, meninggalkan jejak buruk dalam hampir seluruh perspektif masyarakat Barat terhadap Islam. Antipati Barat ditunjukkan melalui sentimen negatif, seperti sebutan “saracen” kepada pasukan Muslim dan gelar orang “Moor” yang tetap dipakai kalangan elit Barat ketika mereka melakukan invasi dan penguasaan atas berbagai wilayah berpenduduk mayoritas Muslim. Warisan peradaban Islam bagi kemajuan Dunia Barat hanya dihargai sebatas “ancaman” tentang kebangkitan kembali kejayaan peradaban Islam yang pernah menguasai dunia selama kurang lebih 7 abad. Upaya beberapa sarjana Barat yang lebih objektif dalam memahami Islam, ternyata tidak begitu berpengaruh dan Islam tetap disalahpahami oleh Barat, bahkan Islamofobia menjadi fenomena yang menguat sebagai bentuk ketakutan Barat terhadap Islam. Tulisan ini berupaya memotret dinamika historis Barat-Islam dari berbagai perspektif secara deskriptif-analisis melalui pendekatan historis. Kesadaran historis diperlukan, sehingga penilaian yang terlampau berlebihan dan tanpa dasar terhadap hal apapun seharusnya dapat dihindari, sebab sejarah merupakan rangkaian peristiwa masa lalu yang dapat memberikan informasi pada masa kini, berfungs sebagai bingkai pengetahuan dalam menempatkan sebuah realitas secara pas dan objektif.
ANALYSIS OF THE REPORTING FRAMING OF MILLENNIAL GENERATION AND THE GOVERNMENT REGARDING COVID-19 IN ONLINE MEDIA
Authors: Putrapratama Ammar , Khairani Dewi 
Published: November 2020

Abstrak. This study aims to identify the news about the Covid-19 Task Force in the three online media editions of 20-23 March 2020. The four stages of Framing Entmant include: Define Problem, Diagnose Cause, Make moral judgment and Treatment recommendation. This study uses theanalysis method framing Robert N. Entmanwith a qualitative approach. The results show that the Define Problem in reporting related to government policy in cooperating with influencers is not considered the right choice, Diagnose cause is shown in the indifference of the millennial generation in responding to the Covid-19 pandemic, Make moral judgment in the form of affirming that influencers are not paid in this program as a form of their contribution to the country, and the treatment recommendation offered is for the government to provide influencers with a strong understanding of covid-19 before becoming a mediator to deliver messages for millennials. Online media is a public space that is considered important as a reference in increasing public information literacy, so that the news is expected to be more objective and educational. Abstrak. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentikasi pemberitaan terkait kinerja Bandan Penanggunalangan Covid-19 dalam tiga media online edisi 20-23 Maret 2020. Pembingkaian pemberitaan melalui empat tahap yaitu, definisi problem, diagnosis penyebab, penyusunan keputusan moral/etika dan rekomendasi. Kajian ini menggunakan metode analisis pembingkaian dari Robert N. Entwan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam tahap difinisi permasalahan dalam pemberitaan terkait kebijakan pemerintah bekerjasama dengan influencer dianggap sebagai pilihan yang tidak tepat. Tahap diagnosis penyebab ditunjukkan dengan ketidakpedulian generasi milenial dalam menyikapi pandemi Covid-19. Tahap penilaian moral dan etika dalam bentuk menegaskan bahwa influencer tidak dibayar dalam program ini sebagai bentuk kontribusinya kepada Negara. Sedangkan dalam rekomendasi pengobatan yang ditawarkan adalah agar pemerintah memberikan pemahaman yang kuat tentang covid-19 kepada influencer sebelum menjadi mediator untuk menyampaikan pesan kepada milenial. Media online merupakan ruang publik yang dianggap penting sebagai acuan dalam meningkatkan literasi informasi publik, sehingga pemberitaannya diharapkan lebih obyektif dan mendidik.