bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated plasma sRAGE and IGFBP7 in heart failure decrease after heart transplantation in association with haemodynamics
Authors: Ahmed Abdulla , Ahmed Salaheldin , Arvidsson Mattias , Bouzina Habib , Lundgren Jakob , Rådegran Göran 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimsMetabolic derangement is implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF) and pulmonary hypertension (PH). We aimed to identify the dynamics of metabolic plasma proteins linked to end‐stage HF and associated PH in relation to haemodynamics, before and after heart transplantation (HT).Methods and resultsTwenty‐one metabolic plasma proteins were analysed with proximity extension assay in 20 controls and 26 patients before and 1 year after HT. Right heart catheterizations were performed in the HF patients pre‐operatively and 1 year after HT. Plasma levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) and insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) were higher in HF patients compared with controls (P < 0.0001) and decreased after HT (P < 0.0001), matching controls' levels. The decrease in sRAGE after HT correlated with improved mean pulmonary arterial pressure (rs = 0.7; P < 0.0001), pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (rs = 0.73; P < 0.0001), pulmonary vascular resistance (rs = 0.65; P = 0.00062), and pulmonary arterial compliance (rs = −0.52; P = 0.0074). The change in plasma IGFBP7 after HT correlated with improved mean right atrial pressure (rs = 0.71; P = 0.00011) and N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (rs = 0.71; P < 0.0001).ConclusionsOur results indicate that plasma sRAGE may reflect passive pulmonary vascular congestion and the ‘mechanical’ state of the pulmonary vasculature in HF patients with or without related PH. Furthermore, sRAGE and IGFBP7 may provide additional insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms in HF and associated PH. Their potential clinical and therapeutic relevance in HF and associated PH need further investigation.
A registry‐based algorithm to predict ejection fraction in patients with heart failure
Authors: Uijl Alicia , Lund Lars H. , Vaartjes Ilonca , Brugts Jasper J. , Linssen Gerard C. , Asselbergs Folkert W. , Hoes Arno W. , Dahlström Ulf , Koudstaal Stefan , Savarese Gianluigi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimsLeft ventricular ejection fraction (EF) is required to categorize heart failure (HF) [i.e. HF with preserved (HFpEF), mid‐range (HFmrEF), and reduced (HFrEF) EF] but is often not captured in population‐based cohorts or non‐HF registries. The aim was to create an algorithm that identifies EF subphenotypes for research purposes.Methods and resultsWe included 42 061 HF patients from the Swedish Heart Failure Registry. As primary analysis, we performed two logistic regression models including 22 variables to predict (i) EF≥ vs. <50% and (ii) EF≥ vs. <40%. In the secondary analysis, we performed a multivariable multinomial analysis with 22 variables to create a model for all three separate EF subphenotypes: HFrEF vs. HFmrEF vs. HFpEF. The models were validated in the database from the CHECK‐HF study, a cross‐sectional survey of 10 627 patients from the Netherlands. The C‐statistic (discrimination) was 0.78 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77–0.78] for EF ≥50% and 0.76 (95% CI 0.75–0.76) for EF ≥40%. Similar results were achieved for HFrEF and HFpEF in the multinomial model, but the C‐statistic for HFmrEF was lower: 0.63 (95% CI 0.63–0.64). The external validation showed similar discriminative ability to the development cohort.ConclusionsRoutine clinical characteristics could potentially be used to identify different EF subphenotypes in databases where EF is not readily available. Accuracy was good for the prediction of HFpEF and HFrEF but lower for HFmrEF. The proposed algorithm enables more effective research on HF in the big data setting.
Study on torque and clamping forces of screw‐connected plywood
Authors: Kumpenza Cedou , Schmidt Gerhard‐David , Sotayo Adeayo , Ringhofer Andreas , Müller Ulrich 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn various engineering applications, screws are commonly used to connect wood and engineered wood products to each other. To describe the axial loads which may be transmitted with these components, it is important to quantify the resulting clamping forces in relation to the applied screw torques. In this initial study, birch plywood panels with thicknesses of t = 12, 16, and 20 mm connected with screws (major thread diameter d ≈ 5 mm) are experimentally tested to establish screw driving, tightening and stripping torques. In addition to that, the resulting clamping forces that occur over a time period of 120 hours are monitored and analyzed. A good agreement was found between the established time‐dependent clamping force functions compared to the regression model, which are recommended in the literature.
Effects of hexagonal boron nitride based nanofluid on the tribological and performance, emission characteristics of a diesel engine: An experimental study
Authors: Ramteke Sangharatna M. , Chelladurai H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn recent years, nanoparticles have attracted researchers attention due to its wear and friction reduction characteristics in lubricating oil. Hence, it is of utmost importance to consider nanoparticles additive in the lube oil and study its impact on the tribological and performance characteristics of mechanical systems. Therefore, this paper intends to explore the impact of conventional and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanoparticles‐based lubricant on the wear of engine components, performance, and emission characteristics of a diesel engine. The different concentration namely, 0.5 wt.%, 0.75 wt.%, and 1 wt.% BN‐based nanofluids were formulated. The formulated nanofluids were characterized by UV‐spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for dispersion and heat capacity analyses respectively. From the characterization results, 1wt.% BN nanofluid was found stable and well dispersed and therefore, considered for further experimental analysis. The outcomes of the present study revealed that 1 wt.% BN‐based nanofluid shown better anti‐wear properties and improvement in performance, emission characteristics of the diesel engine. The obtained results will be useful for the lubricant industry to think toward formulating nanoparticles‐based lubricating
oil.
Contrasting Effects of Predation Risk and Copper on Copepod Respiration Rates
Authors: Lode Torben , Heuschele Jan , Andersen Tom , Titelman Josefin , Hylland Ketil , Borgå Katrine 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Natural biotic and anthropogenic stressors can interact to alter contaminant toxicity. Energetic restrictions are potential mechanisms causing this pattern. To identify processes underlying observed effects of predation risk and copper (Cu) on delayed copepod age at maturity, we examined how these 2 stressors affect respiration rates. We tested 2 very different copepod species: the large, pelagic calanoid Calanus finmarchicus and the small, semibenthic harpacticoid Tigriopus brevicornis. Adult individuals were exposed for 12 h to the treatments: predation risk, Cu (23 µg L−1), combined predation risk and Cu (23 µg L−1), or control. Oxygen concentrations were monitored continuously. The 2 species differed in their responses. We found no clear effects of either stressor in C. finmarchicus. In T. brevicornis, predation risk increased respiration rates, whereas Cu alone had little impact. In contrast, combined exposure to predation risk and Cu interacted to reduce respiration rates to less than expected. We further observed an effect of sex because female-biased T. brevicornis replicates were more sensitive to both predation risk (increased respiration rates) and Cu exposure (reduced respiration rates). The present study provides further evidence that predation risk can interact with copepod responses toward Cu exposure. Interactive effects of biotic stressors ought to be considered to improve future marine environmental monitoring. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1765–1773. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Abstract
Contrasting exposure effects on copepod respiration.
Effects of saw palmetto fruit extract intake on improving urination issues in Japanese men: A randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group, placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Ishii Ikuya , Wada Tatsuya , Takara Tsuyoshi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of 12‐week consumption of saw palmetto fruit extract (320 mg per day) on urination issues. A total of 44 Japanese men aged 40–69 years who experienced urination issues and awaken ≥2 times at night to urinate participated in a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study between June and December 2017. All subjects were randomly allocated into a saw palmetto fruit extract group (SP group, n = 22) or a placebo group (P group, n = 22) using a computerized random number generator. Each group took their assigned one capsule every day for 12 weeks. Subjective symptoms and impact on daily life were assessed using the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) as a primary outcome, King's health questionnaire (KHQ), and overactive bladder symptom score. A safety evaluation was also performed. A total of 20 subjects in each group were analyzed. There was a significant group–time interaction for total IPSS. The SP group also showed a significant decrease in IPSS at 8 weeks compared with the P group, suggesting reduced subjective symptoms related to urination issues. We observed no adverse effects. The consumption of saw palmetto fruit extract capsule for 12 weeks relieved subjective symptoms related to urination, which suggests improvement of the issue in healthy Japanese men.
Liver X Receptor Alpha Activation Inhibits Autophagy and Lipophagy in Hepatocytes by Dysregulating Autophagy‐Related 4B Cysteine Peptidase and Rab‐8B, Reducing Mitochondrial Fuel Oxidation
Authors: Kim Yun Seok , Nam Hyeon Joo , Han Chang Yeob , Joo Min Sung , Jang Kiseok , Jun Dae Won , Kim Sang Geon 
Published: June 2020

Background and Aims
Fat accumulation results from increased fat absorption and/or defective fat metabolism. Currently, the lipid‐sensing nuclear receptor that controls fat utilization in hepatocytes is elusive. Liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) promotes accumulation of lipids through the induction of several lipogenic genes. However, its effect on lipid degradation is open for study. Here, we investigated the inhibitory role of LXRα in autophagy/lipophagy in hepatocytes and the underlying basis.

Approach and Results
In LXRα knockout mice fed a high‐fat diet, or cell models, LXRα activation suppressed the function of mitochondria by inhibiting autophagy/lipophagy and induced hepatic steatosis. Gene sets associated with “autophagy” were enriched in hepatic transcriptome data. Autophagy flux was markedly augmented in the LXRα knockout mouse liver and primary hepatocytes. Mechanistically, LXRα suppressed autophagy‐related 4B cysteine peptidase (ATG4B) and Rab‐8B, responsible for autophagosome and ‐lysosome formation, by inducing let‐7a and microRNA (miR)‐34a. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay enabled us to find LXRα as a transcription factor of let‐7a and miR‐34a. Moreover, 3’ untranslated region luciferase assay substantiated the direct inhibitory effects of let‐7a and miR‐34a on ATG4B and Rab‐8B. Consistently, either LXRα activation or the let‐7a/miR‐34a transfection lowered mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate and mitochondrial transmembrane potential and increased fat levels. In obese animals or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients, let‐7a and miR‐34a levels were elevated with simultaneous decreases in ATG4B and Rab‐8B levels.

Conclusions
LXRα inhibits autophagy in hepatocytes through down‐regulating ATG4B and Rab‐8B by transcriptionally activating microRNA let‐7a‐2 and microRNA 34a genes and suppresses mitochondrial biogenesis and fuel consumption. This highlights a function of LXRα that culminates in the progression of liver steatosis and steatohepatitis, and the identified targets may be applied for a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of NAFLD.
Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Cyclosporine Among Malaysian Renal Transplant Patients: An Evaluation of Methods to Handle Missing Doses in Conventional Drug‐Monitoring Data
Authors: Albitar Orwa , Ballouze Rama , Harun Sabariah Noor , Mohamed Noor Dzul Azri , Sheikh Ghadzi Siti Maisharah 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCyclosporine is a primary drug in transplant immunosuppression regimens. It has a narrow therapeutic index and variable pharmacokinetic behavior. This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic model of cyclosporine in Malaysian renal transplant recipients as well as to evaluate the performances of different methodsfor handling missing doses. A total of 2804 concentrationts predose and 2 hours after doses were collected retrospectively from 113 renal transplant patients on cyclosporine in Penang General Hospital. Model structure and pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using nonlinear mixed‐effects modeling software. Missing doses were handled using different methods to evaluate their performance. Covariate analysis was performed using stepwise forward addition (P< .05) followed by backward elimination (P< .001). Prediction‐corrected visual predictive check and sampling‐importance resampling methods were used to validate the final model. A 1‐compartment model with first‐order absorption and elimination best fitted the data. All methods to handle missing doses performed well with the missing dose method being superior to other methods and thus was applied in the final model. Cyclosporine clearance (CL/F) was estimated as 15.1 L/h, and volume of distribution (V/F) was 108 L. Postoperative time, sex, and calcium channel blockers were identified as significant covariates on CL/F, whereas sex and cholesterol level were identified as significant covariates on V/F. This is the first population pharmacokinetic model developed in Malaysian renal transplant patients using a large sample with an evaluation of different methods to handle missing doses in less informative conventional therapeutic drug‐monitoring data.
Prognostic plasma biomarkers of early complications and graft‐versus‐host disease in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Balakrishnan Balaji , Illangeswaran Raveen Stephen Stallon , Rajamani Bharathi M , Pai Aswin Anand , Raj Infencia Xavier , Paul Daniel Zechariah , Lakshmi Kavitha , Mani Thenmozhi , Mohanan Ezhilpavai , Kulkarni Uday , Devasia Anup Joseph , NA Fouzia , Korula Anu , Abraham Aby , Srivastava Alok , Mathews Vikram , Paczesny Sophie , George Biju , Balasubramanian Poonkuzhali 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEarly complications post hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) such as sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) and graft versus host disease (GVHD) can be life threatening. Although several biomarkers have been identified to correlate with these complications and their response to treatment, these are yet to be used in clinical practice. Here, we evaluated circulating endothelial cells (CECs) (n = 26) and plasma biomarkers (ST2, REG3α, VCAM1, ICAM1, TIM3) (N = 210) at early time points, to determine their association with early complications post‐HSCT. Elevated CEC counts at the end of conditioning was associated with GVHD, indicating endothelial damage during HSCT. Plasma levels of REG3α, VCAM1, ICAM1, and TIM3 on day 14 (D14) and D14 ICAM1 and D28 ST2 were significantly higher in patients with SOS and aGVHD, respectively. Upon sub‐group analysis, D28 ST2, D14/D28 REG3α, and D14 ICAM1 levels were significantly higher in patients with gastrointestinal GVHD, while D28 ST2 was higher in those with skin/liver GVHD. High ST2 levels on D28 was significantly associated with non‐relapse mortality (NRM) and overall survival. Our results suggest that elevated ST2 levels on D28 could predict the likelihood of developing aGVHD and could influence NRM and OS.
Increased volume and collagen crosslinks drive soft tissue contribution to post‐traumatic elbow contracture in an animal model
Authors: Dunham Chelsey L. , Steenbock Heiko , Brinckmann Jürgen , Reiter Alex J. , Castile Ryan M. , Chamberlain Aaron M. , Lake Spencer P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPost‐traumatic joint contracture (PTJC) in the elbow is a biological problem with functional consequences. Restoring elbow motion after injury is a complex challenge because contracture is a multi‐tissue pathology. We previously developed an animal model of elbow PTJC using Long‐Evans rats and showed that the capsule and ligaments/cartilage were the primary soft tissues that caused persistent joint motion loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate tissue‐specific changes within the anterior capsule and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) that led to their contribution to elbow contracture. In our rat model of elbow PTJC, a unilateral surgery replicated damage that commonly occurs due to elbow dislocation. Following surgery, the injured limb was immobilized for 42 days. The capsule and LCL were evaluated after 42 days of immobilization or 42 days of immobilization followed by 42 days of free mobilization. We evaluated extracellular matrix protein biochemistry, non‐enzymatic collagen crosslink content, tissue volume with contrast‐enhanced micro‐computed tomography, and tissue mechanical properties. Increased collagen content, but not collagen density, was observed in both injured limb capsules and LCLs, which was consistent with the increased tissue volume. Injured limb LCLs exhibited decreased normalized maximum force, and both tissues had increased immature collagen cross‐links compared to control. Overall, increased tissue volume and immature collagen crosslinks in the capsule and LCL drive their contribution to elbow contracture in our rat model.
Quantum dot phosphors free from hazardous elements: Current status and prospects for established materials and new ZnTe‐based alloys
Authors: Tsukuda Satoshi , Omata Takahisa 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTelevision broadcasts are moving to a digital video format based on ultra‐high‐definition (UHD). In addition to high resolution, such UHD displays require a wide color gamut. Quantum dots (QDs) have narrow and color‐tunable emission making these unique light sources for achieving a wide color gamut. Most progress in QDs has been made based on cadmium‐containing materials, as represented by CdSe. These systems have excellent performance in terms of their narrow‐band emission and high emission quantum yield; however, the toxicity of cadmium represents a barrier to practical applications of QD displays. Over the last decade, considerable efforts have been made to develop QDs that do not contain cadmium. Some established alternative materials include InP, CuInS2, and lead halide perovskites. In addition, ZnTe‐based alloy QDs have recently been proposed as promising green and red phosphors. Narrow‐band and green emission (30 nm of full‐width at half‐maximum at a wavelength of 535 nm) has also been reported for Zn (Te, Se) alloy QDs. In this review article, we give a brief overview of progress in established cadmium‐free QDs and describe the current status and future challenges of new cadmium‐free QDs, ZnTe‐based alloy QDs.
Targeted characterization of acylated compounds from Scrophulariae Radix using liquid chromatography coupled with Orbitrap mass spectrometry and diagnostic product ion‐based data analysis
Authors: Shang Zhanpeng , Xu Lulu , Wang Haidong , Sun Long , Bo Tao , Ye Min , Qiao Xue 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAcylated compounds are often present in herbal medicines. In this study, a diagnostic product ion‐based strategy was established to comprehensively characterize acylated compounds in Scrophulariae Radix. After untargeted data acquisition using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled with Orbitrap mass spectrometry, the data were processed by three‐stage diagnostic product ions. First, diagnostic product ions corresponding to the acyl groups (cinnamoyl, p‐coumaroyl, feruloyl, and caffeoyl) were used to search 90 compounds. Second, these compounds were divided into three categories using diagnostic product ions for phenylethanoid glycosides, iridoid glycosides, and phenylpropanoids, respectively. Last, the linkage position of the acyl group to iridoid glycosides was discriminated via the third‐stage diagnostic product ions. As a result, 90 acylated compounds were characterized, and 37 of them were reported from Scrophulariae Radix for the first time.
A game‐theoretic proof of Shelah's theorem on labeled trees
Authors: Wilson Trevor M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe give a new proof of a theorem of Shelah which states that for every family of labeled trees, if the cardinality κ of the family is much larger (in the sense of large cardinals) than the cardinality λ of the set of labels, more precisely if the partition relation holds, then there is a homomorphism from one labeled tree in the family to another. Our proof uses a characterization of such homomorphisms in terms of games.
Self‐concept, individual characteristics, and counterfeit consumption: Evidence from an emerging market
Authors: Malik Aneela , Merunka Dwight , Akram Muhammad S. , Barnes Bradley R. , Chen Annie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe study draws on a sample of over 350 consumers from 10 department stores in an emerging market where counterfeit products are available in abundance and there is a huge demand for such goods. The findings reveal that interdependent and independent self traits significantly affect individual characteristics, that is, susceptibility to normative influence, readiness to take social risk, and status acquisition (SA), which in turn influences counterfeit purchase intention. It was discovered that such individual characteristics play a mediating effect on the self‐concept—purchase intention relationship and that high degrees of interdependent self traits positively affect consumers' purchase intention. The study adds to the theory of reasoned action (TRA) by incorporating SA variables into the TRA framework and discovers their significant influence on purchase intention. Some novel insights surrounding counterfeit consumption in an emerging economy context are presented and several implications are extracted to help practitioners appeal to such individual characteristics for combating counterfeit consumption.
Solvent Vapor Annealing of a Diblock Copolymer Thin Film with a Nonselective and a Selective Solvent: Importance of Pathway for the Morphological Changes
Authors: Jung Florian A. , Berezkin Anatoly V. , Tejsner Tim B. , Posselt Dorthe , Smilgies Detlef‐M. , Papadakis Christine M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDiblock copolymer thin films of polystyrene‐block‐poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PS‐b‐PDMS) featuring PDMS cylinders in a PS matrix are investigated during solvent vapor annealing with mixtures of n‐heptane (which is strongly selective for PDMS) and toluene (which is close to nonselective for both blocks). Swelling in the vapor of one of the pure solvents and exchanging it stepwise by the vapor of the other solvent is compared to swelling in a given binary solvent vapor mixture for a prolonged time. The resulting structural changes, such as ordering of the cylinders on a hexagonal lattice and their transition into lamellae, are followed using in situ, real‐time grazing‐incidence small‐angle X‐ray scattering (GISAXS). In three runs, the sequence of solvent vapor swelling and vapor exchange is varied. Compiling the resulting morphologies in a diagram of states in dependence on the solvent content in the film and in the minority nanodomains allows insight into the role of the glass transition of the PS matrix for the ordering processes and their time scales. Based on these findings, a protocol is suggested to efficiently obtain an order‐to‐order transition from the cylindrical morphology with random domain orientation to the oriented lamellar state.