bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of HSPA5 contributes to pazopanib-induced hepatotoxicity through l-ornithine metabolism pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Chen Jian , Zhu Tieming , Deng Yaping , Chen Jinliang , Jiang Guojun , He Qiaojun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The clinical application of Pazopanib (Paz) is often accompanied by hepatotoxicity. However, the mechanisms of hepatic toxicity induced by pazopanib are not entirely clarified.

Methods
Male C57BL/6J mice were treated with pazopanib every day for 2, 4, or 8 weeks. Transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses of liver tissues were performed. In vitro experiments were carried out to estimate cell viability, apoptosis, and autophagy in L02 cells after Paz treatment. We also examined apoptosis and autophagy-related genes under 4-PBA, l-ornithine, nor-NOHA treatments, and HSPA5 knockdown.

Key findings
Repeated Paz treatment for 8 weeks resulted in more severe hypofunction of the liver in mice. Moreover, Paz treatment inhibited L02 cells cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. We also discovered activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, and autophagy in Paz-treated L02 cells, as evidenced by the boosted expression of HSPA5, p-IRE1α, ATF4, ATF6, p-eIF2α, LC3, Beclin-1, and a decrease of phosphorylated PI3K, AKT, and mTOR levels. Moreover, 4-PBA, l-ornithine, and HSPA5 knockdown inhibited apoptosis and autophagy, while nor-NOHA weakened the effects of HSPA5 knockdown on apoptosis in Paz-treated L02 cells.

Conclusions
In summary, our study revealed that Paz-induced liver toxicity is related to HSPA5 expression and l-ornithine metabolism pathway in mice.
Broad ligament ectopic pregnancy with full-term live birth: a rare case report from Syria
Authors: Mohaisen Mais Alreem Basel , Shaban Rema Ahmad , Hammoud Rehab Mohammad Dib , Al Khoubie Nour Samir , Al Ahmad Marwa , Sleiay Bilal 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Ectopic pregnancy, the implantation of a fertilized zygote outside the uterine cavity, presents with abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. Diagnosis relies on clinical signs, and treatment involves surgery or methotrexate in selected cases. A 24-year-old woman at 37 weeks of gestation underwent elective cesarean delivery under general anesthesia, revealing an unexpected broad ligament ectopic pregnancy. The live fetus and placenta were successfully delivered without complications. The study reports a rare asymptomatic broad ligament ectopic pregnancy until 37 weeks, diagnosed by laparotomy—treatment involved removing the ovary and placenta and preserving the uterus. A healthy male baby and mother recovered well. This rare ectopic pregnancy, with placental implantation in the broad ligament, resulted in a successful cesarean delivery of a healthy infant and complication-free recovery, highlighting the importance of timely diagnosis and skilled surgical intervention.
Primary inferior vena cava synovial sarcoma treated with caval replacement during cardiopulmonary bypass and ante situm liver perfusion
Authors: Frenkel Max , Guenther Timothy , Hermsen Joshua , Collins Kelly , Mezrich Joshua , Al-Adra David , Xia Yu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Primary inferior vena cava (IVC) tumors are rare. Most are leiomyosarcomas. The prognosis is poor with those involving and superior to the hepatic veins faring worse than those isolated within the retrohepatic cava. Tumors with superior extension were historically considered unresectable, though there are mounting reports of multicavity resections. We present an exceedingly rare case of a primary IVC synovial sarcoma treated with caval replacement to the right atrium (without hypothermic circulatory arrest) and hepatic vein reconstruction with autologous pericardium during ante situm liver perfusion. We highlight the value of multidisciplinary consideration for extensive primary caval tumors.
Successful endovascular treatment of post-traumatic subclavian arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Embel Veysel , Ihionkhan Emmanuel , Lu Charles , Marcucci Vincent , Jain Vikalp 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Subclavian arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are rare entities, mostly reported as a result of traumatic and iatrogenic injuries. In the literature, congenital subclavian AVFs are also presented. Diagnosis of traumatic AVF may present challenges given the variable clinical presentation, varying location, and difficulty to locate on imaging. If left untreated, it can lead to high-output heart failure. This underlies the importance of understanding the nature of the disease, timely diagnosis, and treatment in order to prevent increased morbidity and mortality. We report a case of a patient having a traumatic left subclavian AVF formation after clavicle and rib surgery, which was successfully treated with a covered stent.
Life in the deadlands: unearthing reasons for visiting and visitor perceptions of wildlife in London’s Magnificent Seven cemeteries
Authors: Moesch Simon S , Ladds Zosia , Francis Robert A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Cemeteries, traditionally reserved for mourning, are also valuable urban green spaces contributing to ecosystem services, wildlife habitats, and human well-being. This study focuses on London’s Magnificent Seven cemeteries, which vary in habitat and usage, from semi-wild nature reserves to active burial sites. In autumn 2023, we conducted non-participatory observations of human activities and wildlife presence, and surveyed visitors (n = 176) regarding their perceptions of birds (crows, magpies, parakeets, robins, owls, blackbirds), mammals (fox, grey squirrel, bats, rats, cats, hedgehogs, rabbits, deer) and activities (e.g. biking, dog walking, picnicking). Our observations showed that visitors primarily engaged in solitary or accompanied walks. Observed animals included crows (Corvus spp.) and pigeons (Columba spp.), as well as grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) and foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Regarding visitor perceptions, wildlife was generally perceived positively, with invasive ring-necked parakeets (Psittacula krameri) as well as non-native grey squirrels occasionally evoking negative perceptions. Activities like grave visiting and solitary walks are widely accepted, while picnicking, biking and sports are less favored, with younger participants and locals generally being more accepting to more lively activities. Urban cemeteries play multifunctional roles beyond mourning, offering green spaces for recreation and wildlife habitats. This study highlights the importance of recognizing cemeteries as critical urban refuges for both people and wildlife, demonstrating that sacred grounds and urban wilderness can coexist to create restorative green spaces in busy cities. The future survival of inner-city cemeteries depends on their rejuvenation and integration into local communities, enabling them to act as nature-based solutions to withstand development pressures.
Lighting the path: how light signaling regulates stomatal movement and plant immunity
Authors: Singh Nidhi , Giri Mrunmay Kumar , Chattopadhyay Debasis 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Stomata, the small pores on the surfaces of plant leaves and stems, are crucial for gas exchange and also play a role in defense against pathogens. Stomatal movement is influenced not only by surrounding light conditions but also by the presence of foliar pathogens. Certain light wavelengths such as blue or high irradiance red light cause stomatal opening, making it easier for bacteria to enter through opened stomata and causing disease progression in plants. Illumination with blue or intense red light autophosphorylates phototropin, a blue light photoreceptor protein kinase, that in turn activates a signaling cascade to open the stomata. Undoubtedly stomatal defense is a fascinating aspect of plant immunology, especially in plant–foliar pathogen interactions. During these interactions, stomata fundamentally serve as entry points for intrusive pathogens and initiate the plant defense signaling cascade. This review highlights how light-activated photoreceptors such as cryptochromes (CRYs), phytochromes (phys), and UV-receptors (UVRs) influence stomatal movement and defense signaling after foliar pathogen intrusion. It also explores the link between stomatal defense, light signaling, and plant immunity, which is vital for safeguarding crops against pathogens.
Unravelling the impact of domestication on competitive ability in durum wheat: a phenotypic plasticity perspective
Authors: Lemoine Taïna , Violle Cyrille , Gonzalez Eric Antoine , Gaubert Mathis , Rocher Aline , Fréville Hélène , Fort Florian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The need to address the impact of domestication on plant traits is frequently highlighted in modern agriculture. It is often argued that domesticated plants have lost competitive ability due to reduced phenotypic plasticity. This study investigates whether domestication has affected competitive ability, functional trait values, and plasticity in durum wheat across 39 genotypes representing four key stages of domestication, from wild progenitors to modern elite varieties. Plants were grown in pots, both alone and in competition with the same neighbouring genotype. Biomass, and above- and belowground traits were measured at the end of the vegetative stage. Our results showed that the three domesticated groups lost less biomass in response to competition compared with their wild progenitors. All genotypes developed thinner leaves and thicker roots when grown with a neighbour. While wild progenitors exhibited the highest plasticity, this did not translate to a greater competitive ability. These findings challenge the theoretical expectation that domesticated plants are less suited for competition. Instead, they suggest that domesticated plants perform well in competitive environments and question the need to reintroduce wild traits to improve competitive ability.
Catalytically inactive subgroup VIII receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases regulate the immune-triggered oxidative burst in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Gonçalves Dias Márcia , Dharmasena Thakshila , Gonzalez-Ferrer Carmen , Maika Jan Eric , Miguel Virginia Natali , Dou Ruoqi , Rodriguez Gallo Maria Camila , Bredow Melissa , Siegel Kristen Rose , Uhrig R Glen , Simon Rüdiger , Monaghan Jacqueline 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Protein kinases are key components of multiple cell signaling pathways. Several receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) have demonstrated roles in immune and developmental signaling across various plant species, making them of interest in the study of phosphorylation-based signal relay. Here, we present our investigation of a subgroup of RLCKs in Arabidopsis thaliana. Specifically, we focus on subgroup VIII RLCKs: MAZ and its paralog CARK6, as well as CARK7 and its paralog CARK9. We found that both MAZ and CARK7 associate with the calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK28 in planta, and furthermore that CPK28 phosphorylates both MAZ and CARK7 on multiple residues in areas that are known to be critical for protein kinase activation. Genetic analysis suggests redundant roles for MAZ and CARK6 as negative regulators of the immune-triggered oxidative burst. We find evidence that supports homo- and hetero-dimerization between CARK7 and MAZ, which may be a general feature of this subgroup. Multiple biochemical experiments suggest that neither MAZ nor CARK7 demonstrate catalytic protein kinase activity in vitro. Interestingly, we find that a mutant variant of MAZ incapable of protein kinase activity can complement maz-1 mutants, suggesting noncatalytic roles of MAZ in planta. Overall, our study identifies subgroup VIII RLCKs as new players in Arabidopsis immune signaling and highlights the importance of noncatalytic functions of protein kinases.
The importance of hemolysis detection among neonates for interpretation of potassium results
Authors: Wu Alan H B 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Specimen hemolysis is a frequent finding when blood is collected from neonates. This produces artificially high results for some analytes, such as potassium. Testing samples for electrolytes using point-of-care (POC) blood gas analyzers is convenient and facile. However, unlike testing that is conducted on serum or plasma from a central laboratory, detection of hemolysis using POC analyzers cannot currently be achieved. As described in these cases, the presence of hemolysis can produce ambiguities and delays in the diagnosis and management of neonates.
Immersive Virtual Reality Versus Mannequin-based Simulation Training for Trauma Resuscitation: A Randomized Controlled Noninferiority Trial
Authors: Lange Marta , Bērziņš Ardis , Whitfill Travis , Kravčuks Jevgēnijs , Skotele Dana , Lice Elina , Stepens Ainars 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Despite its high potential, the effect of immersive virtual reality simulation (VRS) in trauma resuscitation training has not been studied. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that VRS is non-inferior to mannequin-based simulation (MBS) in trauma resuscitation training.

Methods
In a single-center, randomized controlled noninferiority trial, we compared individual training with an immersive virtual reality Trauma Simulator to live MBS training in a facilitated group. The primary outcome was the Trauma Score (ranging from 55 to 177) during the MBS assessment. The secondary outcomes were the Trauma Score VRS assessment, System Usability Scale (SUS) (ranging from 0 to 100), and Simulation Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) (ranging from 0 to 235.62).

Results
A total of 38 participants were enrolled in the study. The mean Trauma Score in MBS assessment was 163.2 (SD 7.9) for the control group and 163.1 (SD 13.8) for the intervention group; the difference of means 0.1 (95% confidence interval: −7.3, 7.5; P = .977). The mean Trauma Score in VRS assessment was 134.2 (SD 24.4) for control group and 158.4 (SD 17.6) for intervention group; the difference of means 24.2 (95% confidence interval: 10.1, 38.3; P = .001). The mean SUS of Trauma Simulator was 74.4 (SD 10.5). The median SSQ Total Severity score was 3.7 (IQR 0-18.7).

Conclusions
This study showed that VRS led to noninferior effects on trauma resuscitation skills to MBS. Trauma Simulator had good usability, was well received by the participants, and had minimal adverse effects.
Quantifying the Volume of Residual Air in Commercial Intravenous Fluids and Assessing the Stability of Airless Intravenous Fluid Containers
Authors: Babcock Lyle , Brawley Hayley , van Nispen Christiaan , Rall Jason , Jaramillo Jasmine , Rubal Michael , Nowadly Craig 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) intravenous fluid (IVF) containers contain residual air, introducing the risk of venous air embolism (VAE). Venous air embolism occurs when air displaces blood flow in vasculature. The danger from residual air is often negligible in terrestrial settings, where gravitational forces generate buoyancy, pushing residual air to the top of the IVF container. However, in microgravity there is no buoyancy to separate liquid and gas layers. We performed experiments to quantify the amount of air in COTS IVF containers (Experiment 1) and identify the variables that affect the stability of sterilely produced airless containers (Experiment 2).

Materials and Methods
Experiment 1: Residual air was quantified across varying volumes (100, 250, 500, and 1,000 mL), container design, and manufacturer (B. Braun, Baxter, ICU Medical, and Grifols) of 0.9% NaCl COTS IVFs. Each container was assessed for absolute volumes of air, as well as air:fluid ratios normalized to 1,000 mL. Experiment 2: 1,000 mL IVF containers from 3 manufacturers were filled with either (1) 100% saline or (2) 95% saline and 5% air by volume. Containers were stored for 168 days at 25°C or 40 °C. The containers were optically imaged to quantify the accumulation of air within each IVF container.

Results
Experiment 1: There was a trend toward larger container sizes and greater absolute volumes of residual air (R2 = 0.964). However, the smallest air:volume ratio occurred in the Baxter 500 mL VIAFLO Container (18.9 ± 3.8 mL air; 2.3% air by volume), whereas the largest ratio occurred in the B. Braun 250 mL EXCEL Container (55.0 ± 9.3 mL; 22.0% air by volume). Experiment 2: By day 168, 6 experimental containers had ruptured and 100% of the surviving containers (30/36) had an increase in air as compared to baseline. Containers placed at 40 °C had a larger increase in air (27.7 ± 6.6 mL) compared to containers stored at 25 °C (7.5 ± 4.1 mL; P &lt; .0001).

Conclusions
Residual air has a wide variety of volumes in COTS IVFs. The average amount of residual air is high enough to contribute to clinically significant VAEs, although unlikely to be fatal. If airless IVF containers are produced for exploration missions, a progressive increase in the amount of residual air should be expected. Extremes of temperatures and humidity will increase the reaccumulation of residual air and decrease the shelf-life of airless IVFs.
Identification of the cell-surface lectin domain-containing protein expressed in the adhesive colony morphology of Trichosporon asahii
Authors: Ichikawa Tomoe , Ishibashi Yoshio 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Trichosporon asahii is a yeast pathogen that causes a deep-seated infection. In fungal infections, molecules involved in adhesion to host tissues or catheters are one of the pathogenic factors. A single strain of T. asahii produces various colony morphologies, including highly adhesive colony types, but the molecules involved in the adhesiveness have not been identified. This study compared proteins in cell-surface extracts from weakly and highly adherent colony types and identified a protein abundantly expressed in highly adherent cells, which was named T. asahii R-type lectin domain-containing protein (TAL). TAL was a predicted 48 kDa protein with a carbohydrate-binding region, but a band was detected at ∼250 kDa in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, suggesting that it was highly glycosylated. When TAL was overexpressed in mammalian cells and deglycosylated, the protein size decreased, confirming that it was glycosylated. In weakly adherent colony-type cells, the bands detected by anti-TAL antiserum were barely noted. The absence of bands indicates that the protein expression was low and does not suggest that the degree of glycosylation was different. These results suggested that multiple colony types derived from a single strain have different pathogenic properties.
Kinetic field theory applied to planetesimal formation I: freely streaming dust particles
Authors: Shi Jiahan , Bartelmann Matthias , Klahr Hubert , Dullemond Cornelis P 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Planet formation in the Solar system was started when the first planetesimals were formed from the gravitational collapse of pebble clouds. Numerical simulations of this process, especially in the framework of streaming instability, produce various power laws for the initial mass function for planetesimals. While recent advances have shed light on turbulence and its role in particle clustering, a comprehensive theoretical framework linking turbulence characteristics to particle cluster properties and planetesimal mass function remains incomplete. Recently, a kinetic field theory (KFT) for ensembles of point-like classical particles in or out of equilibrium has been applied to cosmic structure formation. This theory encodes the dynamics of a classical particle ensemble by a generating functional specified by the initial probability distribution of particles in phase space and their equations of motion. Here, we apply KFT to planetesimal formation. A model for the initial probability distribution of dust particles in phase space is obtained from a quasi-initial state for a three-dimensional streaming-instability simulation that is a particle distribution with velocities for gas and particles from the Nakagawa relations. The equations of motion are chosen for the simplest case of freely streaming particles. We calculate the non-linearly evolved density power spectrum of dust particles and find that it develops a universal $k^{-3}$ tail at small scales, suggesting scale-invariant structure formation below a characteristic and time-dependent length-scale. Thus, the KFT analysis indicates that the initial state for streaming instability simulations does not impose a constraint on structure evolution during planetesimal formation.
ATOMS: ALMA three-millimeter observations of massive star-forming regions – XIX. The origin of SiO emission
Authors: Liu Rong , Liu Tie , Jiménez-Serra Izaskun , Li Jin-Zeng , Martín-Pintado Jesús , Liu Xunchuan , Lee Chang Won , Sanhueza Patricio , Chibueze James O , Rivilla Víctor M , Juvela Mika , Colzi Laura , Bronfman Leonardo , Liu Hong-Li , Sanz-Novo Miguel , López-Gallifa Álvaro , Li Shanghuo , Megías Andrés , San Andrés David , Garay Guido , Hwang Jihye , Zhou Jianwen , Xu Fengwei , Martínez-Henares Antonio , Saha Anindya , Nazeer Hafiz 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The production of silicon monoxide (SiO) can be considered as a fingerprint of shock interaction. In this work, we use high-sensitivity observations of the SiO (2–1) and H$^{13}$CO$^{+}$ (1–0) emission to investigate the broad and narrow SiO emission towards 146 massive star-forming regions in the ATOMS (ALMA Three-millimeter Observations of Massive Star-forming regions) survey. We detected SiO emission in 136 regions and distinguished broad and narrow components across the extension of 118 sources (including 58 UC H ii regions) with an average angular resolution of 2.5 arcsec. The derived SiO luminosity ($L_{\rm SiO}$) across the whole sample shows that the majority of $L_{\rm SiO}$ (above 66 per cent) can be attributed to broad SiO, indicating its association with strong outflows. The comparison of the ALMA SiO images with the filamentary skeletons identified from H$^{13}$CO$^{+}$ and in the infrared data (at 4.5, 8, and 24 μm), further confirms that most SiO emission originates from outflows. However, note that for nine sources in our sample, the observed SiO emission may be generated by expanding UC H ii regions. There is a moderate positive correlation between the bolometric luminosity ($L_{\rm bol}$) and $L_{\rm SiO}$ for both components (narrow and broad). The UC H ii sources show a weaker positive correlation between $L_{\rm bol}$ and $L_{\rm SiO}$ and higher $L_{\rm SiO}$ compared to the sources without UC H ii regions. These results imply that the SiO emission from UC H ii sources might be affected by UV-photochemistry induced by UC H ii regions.