bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De novo characterization of the genetic polymorphism and transcript abundance of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in tissues of swamp buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from Guangxi, China
Authors: Shi Wei , Mei Xuefang , Kang Yangqun , Elsheikha Hany M. , Hu Changhong , Wang Yurui , Lu Kejing , Zhang Yaoyao , Sheng Zhaoan , Wang Dongying , Zhu Xingquan , Huang Weiyi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are innate signaling receptors, which sense invading pathogens and play roles in induction of immune responses to counter infection. In this study, we for the first time, cloned, sequenced and characterized the coding sequences of TLRs 1-10 in the Chinese “swamp-type” Guangxi (GX) buffalo breed. Results: Protein sequence analysis of the 10 TLRs showed that GX buffalo share significant sequence similarity with river buffalo (94.7 to 99.9%) and other ruminants (89.6% to 99%), but similarity with non-ruminants was low (48% to 91%). Prediction of functional domains revealed the presence of Toll/IL-1 receptor domains and variable numbers of leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) in all TLRs of GX buffalo. Transmembrane domain and signal peptide were absent in TLRs 7, 9 and TLRs 1, 3, 9, 10, respectively. When comparing GX buffalo and Nili-Ravi (NR) buffalo, the similarity of TIR domains ranged from 95.9% to 100%, while variations were found in the number of LRR motifs between these two breeds. Phylogenetic analysis based on the coding DNA and protein sequences demonstrated that, GX buffalo and NR buffalo were closely related with respect to TLRs 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 10. However, regarding TLRs 3, 6, and 9, GX buffalo clustered with genera Bos and Bison, but not NR buffalo. RT-qPCR analysis provided an overview of TLRs transcription in tissues of GX buffalo. Conclusions: Our study obtained and characterized the full sequences of 10 TLR genes of GX buffaloes, and comparatively quantified the mRNA expression of these genes across various tissues of GX buffaloes. These findings lay the groundwork for discovering breed-specific differences in the occurrence and progression of infections in buffalo.
Improving Drug Response Prediction Using Dual Similarity Regularization
Authors: EBADI ALI REZA , Soleimani Ali , GHADERZADEH ABDULBAGHI 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background:Anti-cancer medicine for a particular patient has been a personal medical goal. Many computational models have been proposed by researchers to predict drug response. But predictive accuracy still remains a challenge. Base on this concept which “Similar cells have similar responses to drugs”, we developed the basic method of matrix factorization method by adding fines to similarity. So that the distance of latent factors to two cell lines or (drug) should be inversely related to similarity. This means that two similar drugs or similar cell lines should have a short distance, whereas two similar cell lines or non-similar drugs should have a large gap with their latent factors.Results:We proposed a Dual similarity-regularized matrix factorization (DSRMF) model, then generated new data for drug similarity from the two-dimensional three-dimensional chemical structure, which were obtained from the CCLE and GDSC databases. In this research, by using the proposed model, and generating new drug similarity data we achieved the average Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) about 0.96, and average mean square error (RMSE) Root about 0.30, between the observed value and the predicted value for the cell line response to the drug, Conclusions:Our analysis in this research showed, using heterogeneous data, has better results, and can be obtained with the proposed model, using other panels’ cancer cell lines, to calculate similarity between cells. Also, by imposing more restrictions on the similarity between cells, we were able to achieve more accurate prediction for the response of the cell line to the anticancer drug.
Factors Affecting Place of Delivery in Nepal: Evidence From the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, 2016
Authors: Khatiwada Ganesh 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Maternal health is still a public health problem in Nepal though it has been improving in the last decade. In Nepal, choosing an institution for delivery and behavior searching for antenatal care (ANC) services have improved since the 1990s. However, a large percentage of women still deliver at home. Studies conducted in developing countries including Nepal presents that various demographic, socio-economic, and economic factors are associated with place of delivery. Methodology: The study was a cross-sectional study. Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), 2016 data set were utilized. The likelihood of utilization of institutional delivery among 3998 ever-married women who had at least one live birth in the five years preceding the survey was analyzed in terms of women's demographic, socio-economic, and empowerment status in Nepal. Bivariate logistic regression analysis technique was used to examine the effects of these variables in the use of institutional delivery. Results: The study shows that large variation and gaps exist among women in Nepal in the utilization of an institution for delivery. Factors like women's age, parity, age at first birth, level of women's education, husband's education, household wealth status and women's decision making power strongly influence women to choose the place of delivery in Nepal. Conclusion: This study concludes that different maternal health programs ought to design in order to encourage women for institutional delivery. Coverage along with the quality of interventions that are under operation should be improved. Health programs should be targeted to poor, less educated, young women especially in rural, marginalized, and disadvantaged communities as these particular groups of women are less likely to utilize maternal health services. Finally, there is a need for qualitative research to explore the utilization of maternal health services among women.
Unraveling Historical Trends of Increasing Large-body Dissatisfaction: Disentangling Age-period-cohort Using the Case of South Korea
Authors: Han SeungYong , SturtzSreetharan Cindi , Brewis Alexandra 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundOver the last two decades, body dissatisfaction appears to have increased globally, particularly concerns about being “fat”. These increasingly negative large-body norms reflect the intersections of complex socio-cultural phenomena. A range of anthropological theories derived from ethnographic observations across the globe have posited that both changing socioeconomics and internet exposures have increasingly commodified the value of the body in social advancement – especially for women. MethodsUsing demographic data, here we provide a first attempt to explore the sheer effects of individual (i.e., age) and contextual factors (i.e., period and cohort) on body dissatisfaction by using the Hierarchical Age-Period-Cohort (HAPC-CCREM) approach, with a particular emphasis on period effects of internet expansion and macro-economic shifts. The data are drawn from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) collected repeatedly over the period of 2001 to 2017. ResultsThe results show a higher level of body dissatisfaction among Korean women compared to men. Overall period effects indicate a significant increase in the level of body dissatisfaction in the early 2000s, particularly related to increased social media exposure. Although no overall cohort effect was found, early cohorts tend to have a substantial gap in body dissatisfaction levels when examined by socioeconomic status: those with high SES (people with college education and high household income) exhibit a high level of body dissatisfaction and those with low SES exhibit a low level of body dissatisfaction, but over time these begin to converge. ConclusionsThe results suggest a particular role for internet exposure, rather than labor market shifts, in increasing negative classifications of the person’s own body as unacceptably big.
Cigarette Smoking and All-cause Mortality in Rural Chinese Male Adults:15-year Follow-up of the Anqing Cohort Study
Authors: Ye Lijing , Yang Jie , Li Jingyi , Cheng Nannan , Zhang Yue , Lu Xiaofan , Zhou Ziyi , Wang Zhuo , Liu Lishun , Huang Xiao , Song Yun , Xing Shibo , Wang Dongqing , Li Junnong , Wang Binyan , Tang Genfu , Qin Xianhui , Zalloua Pierre , Zhang Huisheng , Yan Fangrong , Xu Xiping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background — According to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017, smoking is one of the leading four risk factors contributing to deaths in China. We aimed to evaluate the associations of smoking with all-cause mortality in a Chinese rural population.Methods—Male participants over age 45 (n=5,367) from a large familial aggregation study in rural China, were included in the current analyses. A total of 528 former smokers and 3849 current smokers accounted for 10% and 71.7% of the cohort, respectively. Generalized Estimating Equations were used to evaluate the association between baseline smoking status and mortality, adjusting for pertinent covariates. Results—There were 579 recorded deaths during the 15-year follow-up. Current smokers (odds ratio [OR],1.60; 95% CI,1.23-2.08) had higher all-cause mortality risks than nonsmokers. Relative to nonsmokers, current smokers of more than 40 pack-years ([OR],1.85; 95% CI,1.33-2.56) had a higher all-cause mortality risk. Compared to nonsmokers, current smokers who started smoking before age 20 ([OR],1.91; 95% CI,1.43-2.54) had a higher all-cause mortality risk, and former smokers in the lower pack-year group who quit after age 41 (median) ([OR],3.19; 95% CI,1.83-5.56) also had a higher risk of death after adjustment. Furthermore, former smokers who were also former drinkers had the highest significant risk of mortality than people who never smoke and drink.(P for interaction = 0.034).Conclusions—This study provides evidence that current smokers or former smokers have higher mortality risk than nonsmokers and would benefit from cessation at a younger age.
Behavioral Problems of Pediatric Recovered Patients Infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
Authors: Xiao Han , Liu Qi , Mei Hong , Xue Qi , Cai Xiaonan , Xie Xinyan , Xia Zhiguo , Zhou Yu , Li Hui , Zhu Kaiheng , Wan Zihao , Liu Zhisheng , Song Ranran 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is profoundly affecting lives around the globe, and up to now, a large of patients have clinically recovered from their initial illness. As the vulnerable population to adverse events, the effect of the COVID-19 outbreak on pediatric recovered patients are of great concern, but relevant researches are limited. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of behavioral problems among pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection after discharge. Methods: A total of 122 children who were suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases and hospitalized for treatment were enrolled in the study between April 2020 and May 2020 in Wuhan, China. We collected related information about hospitalization and discharge for the children and emotional symptoms for their parents through electronic medical records and questionnaire. The behavioral problems for children were examined applying the parent-reported the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).Results: The participant children were discharged from hospital for about two months. Among them, 76 (62%) were boys, and the mean age were 6.71 years old. The highest prevalence of behavioral problems among pediatric children with COVID-19 was 15% (prosocial behavior), followed by 13% (total difficulties), 11% (emotional symptoms), 10% (hyperactivity), 9% (conduct problems), and 1% (peer problems). With regarding to their parents, 26% of them reported having anxiety symptoms and 23% having depression symptoms. Compared with children without anxious or depressive parents, the scores of SDQ were higher in children whose parents have emotional problems.Conclusions: The long-term follow up studies on the psychological and behavioral problems of children infected with COVID-19 and their parents are warranted.
A Reproductive Health Care program for Surrogate Mothers: A Mixed Methods study
Authors: Goli Marjan , Kohan Shahnaz , Oloonabadi Seiied Mahdi Ahmadi , Farajzadegan Ziba , Heidari Zeinab 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Surrogacy has become an alternative family formation option for women who are unable to carry a pregnancy. There is no comprehensive care program despite the different nature of this pregnancy. The present study aimed to develop a reproductive health care program for surrogate mothers within the cultural and social context of Iran.Methods: In the present sequential exploratory mixed methods study, first through a qualitative approach surrogate mothers, care providers, and policy makers of reproductive health services were selected purposefully. Data were collected by using the in-depth semi-structured interviews and analyzed. A care program draft was designed by integrating results of the qualitative study and reviewing the literature and guidelines, then appropriateness of each proposed care was assessed by a two- rounds Delphi technique (RAM) and the final reproductive health care program for surrogate mothers was developed.Results: The surrogate mothers' reproductive health needs were summarized in four main categories: surrogate mothers' extra care, educational training, psychological support, and protecting against surrogacy`s social and familial consequences. The reproductive health care program for surrogate mothers were developed in four sections: pre-pregnancy health screenings and legal counseling; special care during embryo transfer until pregnancy confirmation; psychological support and prenatal care of surrogacy until delivery and follow-up postpartum care.Discussion: Women face many challenges in surrogacy and need special cares such as legal counseling, reproductive health care, and psychological support. Implementation of this care program seems to help improve the reproductive health of these mothers.
Deciphering Disparities in Childhood Stunting in an Underdeveloped State in India: an Investigation Applying the Unconditional Quantile Regression Method
Authors: Ghosh Saswata , Sharma Santosh Kumar , Bhattacharya Debarshi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundUnacceptably high rate of childhood stunting for decades remained a puzzle in the eastern Indian state of Bihar. Despite various programmatic interventions, nearly half of the under-five children (numerically about 10 million) are still stunted in this resource-constrained state. Data and MethodsUsing four successive rounds of National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data spread over more than two decades and by employing quantile regressions and counterfactual decomposition (QR-CD), the present study aims to assess effects of various endowments as well as returns to those endowments in disparities in childhood stunting over the period. Results The results show that although child’s height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ) disparity was largely accounted for differing levels of endowments during earlier decade, in the later periods, inadequate access to the benefits from various development programmes was also found responsible for HAZ disparities. Moreover, effects of endowments and their returns vary across quantiles. We argue that apart from equalizing endowments, ensuring adequate access to different nutrition-centric programmes are essential to lessen the burden of childhood stunting. ConclusionThe state must focus on intersectoral convergence of different schemes in the form of state nutrition mission, and, strengthen nutrition-centric policy processes and their political underpinnings to harness better dividend.
Present and Future Suitability of the Lake Tana Biosphere Reserve (LTBR) in Ethiopia for the Nile monitor (Varanus niloticus) using the MaxEnt Mode
Authors: Ejigu Dessalegn , Tassie Nega 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe Nile monitor (Varanus niloticus) is a reptile native to Sub-Saharan Africa along the Nile River. The species inhabits a wide variety of habitats including woodlands, grasslands, mangroves, and swamps. Although the practice is not common in the Lake Tana Biosphere Reserve (LTBR) , the species is being hunted in Sahelian Africa for its leather, food, pet trade and fat-content. Consequently, the species is listed under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. MethodsData collection was based on original onsite GIS aided presence recording. Each record of the species was first vetted for data quality. A multicollinearity analysis was conducted before fitting the MaxEnt model to the 19 bioclimatic variables. Since it provides good coverage for Africa, the Hadley Global Environment Model 2-Atmosphere Ocean (HadGEM2-AO) model was used for extracting future climate scenarios. The jackknife test was selected to measure the contribution of each environmental variable to the MaxEnt model for the species. Area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic was used to evaluate the performance of MaxEnt model. Resultson average 2750 individuals were recorded within the LTBR. Mean annual temperature, precipitation and temperature were the most important predictors that limit the potential distribution of V. niloticus. Most of its suitable habitats were mainly predicted in the northern and southern parts of the Lake. The ecological niche model produced an average AUC of 0.85. Notable records of the species were found in the vicinity of the lake and wetlands nearby. Future projection of potential suitable areas revealed that the currently available suitable area will decline in both 2050 and 2070 under both RCP 6.5 and RCP 8.5, of which the decline in suitable area under the business as usual scenario is the greatest. ConclusionsThe potential distribution map for V. niloticus can help in planning land use management around its existing habitat range, discover new populations or set priorities to restore its natural habitat for more effective conservation. Extensive reductions in the amount of suitable areas under future climate scenarios suggest that the species may become threatened in future if effective conservation measures are not implemented.
Analysis of Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter-Related Complications and Causes: a Retrospective Study of 2974 Children Blood Disease Patients in Single Center in China
Authors: Chang Li-Xian , Chen Yu-Wen , Wang Meng-Chuan , Zhao Su-Yu , Wang Min , Tian Yang , Tang Li , Wang Jun-Xia , Yang Miao-Miao , Zhu Xiao-Fan , Zhang Hui-Min 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) has been widely used. However, there is still a lack of large sample size-based relevant risk factor investigation in children with blood diseases in china. Methods: We performed a retrospective, the single-center cohort study of child blood disease patients with PICC insertion. Totally, 2974 patients were enrolled for our study. Results: B-ultrasound plus Seldinger technology significantly improved the success rate of PICC insertion. The most common non-infectious complications were rash, followed by catheter blockage, mechanical phlebitis, and catheter broke. the male, 1-3 years old, Power PICC solo catheter and spring are risk factors for the rash. The power PICC solo catheter was the most important risk factor for catheter blockage. Insertion site under the elbow was the most important risk factor for phlebitis and catheter damage. Conclusion: Our finding first shed new light on the risk factors associated with PICC complications for Chinese blood disease children.
Empowering Traditional Birth Attendants as Agents of Maternal and Neonatal Immunization Uptake in a Developing Country: a Repeated Measures Design.
Authors: IWU Chinedu Anthony , Uwakwe Kenechi , Oluoha Uchechukwu Raphael , Duru chukwuma , NWAIGBO ERNEST 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Adequate immunization coverage in rural communities remain a challenge. Traditional birth attendants (TBAs) form an integral part of the social, cultural and religious fabric in most rural communities in Nigeria. Despite their limitations in handling the complications of childbirth, TBAs are widely accepted and patronized, especially in rural areas. The objectives of the project were to empower TBAs and assess the use of a culturally adapted audio-visual workshop intervention to change their knowledge, attitude and willingness to promote immunization uptake. Methods: A repeated-measures design that used a convenience sampling technique to select 90 TBAs from the three geopolitical zones of Imo State, Nigeria. The TBAs were engaged through a culturally adapted audio-visual workshop. Data were collected pre and post intervention using a pretested questionnaire. Chi square test was done to determine any significant association with the zone of practice and paired sample t-test analysis to determine any significant pre and post intervention change. Level of significance was set at p ≤ ·05.Results: More than half of the TBAs had at most, a secondary level of education (54·4 %). The average length of time they practiced as TBAs was 16 years with an average of ten birth deliveries per month. After the intervention, all the respondents (100%) reported a willingness to always promote immunization uptake and also, there was a statistically significant increase in Knowledge (p<·000). Similarly, the level of knowledge in the post intervention period appeared to be significantly associated with the zone of practice (p= ·027). Conclusion: The workshop intervention empowered the TBAs irrespective of their zones of residence by successfully improving their knowledge, though at varying levels; and consequently, their willingness to always promote immunization uptake.
Molecular Characteristics of Rotavirus Genotypes Circulating in the South of Benin, 2016-2018
Authors: Agbla Jijoho Michel , Esona Mathew D , Agbankpé Alidéhou Jerrold , Capo-Chichi Annick , Gautam Rashi , Dougnon Tamègnon Victorien , Razack Osseni , Bowen Michael D , Bankolé Honoré Sourou 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveRotavirus remains the main causative agent of gastroenteritis in young children in countries that have not yet introduced the vaccine. In Benin, rotavirus vaccine was introduced late December 2019 into the EPI. This study aims to provide pre-vaccination era rotavirus genotyping data in Benin. These data can supplement data from the surveillance system of Ministry of Health of Benin which is supported by the World Health Organization (WHO). ResultsOf the 420 diarrheal stool samples, actively collected in southern Benin from July 2016 through November 2018 from children under five years old and suffering from gastroenteritis, 167 (39.8%) samples were rotavirus EIA positive. 186 (44.3%) samples contained amplifiable rotavirus RNA detected by qRT-PCR method and were genotyped using one-step RT-PCR multiplex genotyping method. G1P[8] represents the predominant genotype (32%) followed by the G2P[4] (26%), G3P[6] (16%), G12P[8] (13%) and mixed G and P types (1%). Four samples (2%) could not be assigned both G and P type speciﬁcity.