bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can we improve our management of dysfunctional voiding in children and adults: International Consultation on Incontinence Research Society; ICI‐RS2018?
Authors: Tarcan Tufan , von Gontard Alexander , Apostolidis Apostolos , Mosiello Giovanni , Abrams Paul 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsDysfunctional voiding (DV) remains a poorly understood and a poorly managed problem, both in children and adults. The Think Tank (TT) discussed how to improve the management of DV in these two different age groups and in transitional care.MethodsDuring the 2018 International Consultation on Incontinence Research Society held in Bristol, a multidisciplinary TT on DV was created. The presentations and subsequent discussion, leading to research recommendations intended to improve the management of DV in children and adults are summarized.ResultsTo improve the management of DV in children and adults, the TT panel proposed: (1) to conduct reliable prevalence studies of DV; (2) to perform longitudinal studies to prospectively test the sequence hypothesis by answering the following questions: (a) Which, if any children show a progression from overactive bladder or voiding postponement to DV?; (b) Which children develop each disorder without precursors?; and (c) Is there a continuation of DV from childhood to adulthood, or are adult cases new‐onset presentations?; (3) to obtain detailed information regarding psychopathology to understand which comorbid psychological disorders prevail and at which rate, in those suffering DV; (4) to develop and validate diagnostic tools specifically for DV; (5) to better establish urodynamic correlates of DV specific for different age groups; and (6) to generate prospective long‐term data regarding the efficacy of different treatment options and management strategies.ConclusionsThe future research recommendations of this TT may improve our management of DV in children and adults.
Bladder‐bowel interactions: Do we understand pelvic organ cross‐sensitization? International Consultation on Incontinence Research Society (ICI‐RS) 2018
Authors: Panicker Jalesh N. , Marcelissen Tom , von Gontard Alexander , Vrijens Desiree , Abrams Paul , Wyndaele Michel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsMounting evidence from experimental animal and human studies suggests that cross‐sensitization exists between different organs. Lower urinary tract (LUT) and bowel dysfunction commonly overlap, and the role of cross‐sensitization between pelvic visceral organs is uncertain.MethodsAt the International Consultation on Incontinence Research Society (ICI‐RS) meeting in 2018, a panel of clinicians participated in a discussion on bladder and bowel interactions in the context of pelvic organ cross‐sensitization.ResultsBladder and bowel problems commonly co‐occur in adults and children across different disorders, and the mechanism responsible for overlapping dysfunction is uncertain in most instances. At a neuronal level, cross‐sensitization occurs as a result of afferent signaling from the LUT and lower bowel through different central and peripheral mechanisms. Studies in animals and humans have demonstrated evidence for cross‐organ sensitization following experimental inflammation or distension of the lower bowel, affecting the LUT. Nerve stimulation is an effective treatment for different functional LUT and bowel disorders, and whether this treatment may influence cross‐organ sensitization remains uncertain. The role of physiologically dormant C‐fibers, the bladder‐gut‐brain axis, and gut microbiome in cross‐sensitization are speculative.ConclusionRecommendations for research were made to explore the role of cross‐organ sensitization in the pathogenesis of co‐occurring LUT and bowel dysfunction in humans.
Assessment of colistimethate sodium (COLOBREATHE) risk minimization measures implemented in the European Union: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kaplan Sigal , Patino Oliver , Rainville Carolyn , Madison Terri 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeTo assess the effectiveness of additional risk minimization measures (aRMMs) implemented in Europe for colistimethate sodium (CMS) among healthcare professionals (HCPs) and patients/caregivers following safety concerns regarding incorrect use of CMS delivered via Turbospin inhaler.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among HCPs and patients/caregivers in Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom between September 2016 and March 2018. Knowledge of the educational materials was assessed regarding common side effects, correct use of CMS and Turbospin inhaler, and capsule breakage. Awareness, receipt, and utilization of the aRMMs were also evaluated.ResultsAmong 124 HCPs surveyed, the majority acknowledged awareness (86.2%), receipt (91.0%), and utilization (81.6%) of the CMS educational materials and were knowledgeable about the common CMS side effects (93.2%). Most HCPs correctly answered most questions regarding the proper use of CMS (>90%), yet only half knew how to correctly use the Turbospin inhaler (53.2%). Knowledge about capsule breakage was moderate (67.5%). Of the 29 patients/caregivers surveyed, almost half were aware of the educational materials (48.1%); of these, 69.2% received and used the materials. Most patients/caregivers were knowledgeable about the common CMS side effects (81.5%) and proper CMS use (>85%); however, knowledge about correct Turbospin inhaler use and potential for capsule breakage was moderate to low (48.1% and 37.9%, respectively).ConclusionsHCPs and patients/caregivers have good knowledge about the common side effects associated with CMS. However, knowledge of correct use of the Turbospin inhaler and capsule breakage was moderate to low.
New insights into pediatric community‐acquired pneumonia gained from untargeted metabolomics: A preliminary study
Authors: Del Borrello Giovanni , Stocchero Matteo , Giordano Giuseppe , Pirillo Paola , Zanconato Stefania , Da Dalt Liviana , Carraro Silvia , Esposito Susanna , Baraldi Eugenio 
Published: December 2019

AbstractsBackgroundAvailable diagnostics often fail to distinguish viral from bacterial causes of pediatric community‐acquired pneumonia (pCAP). Metabolomics, which aims at characterizing diseases based on their metabolic signatures, has been applied to expand pathophysiological understanding of many diseases. In this exploratory study, we used the untargeted metabolomic analysis to shed new light on the etiology of pCAP.MethodsLiquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was used to quantify the metabolite content of urine samples collected from children hospitalized for CAP of pneumococcal or viral etiology, ascertained using a conservative algorithm combining microbiological and biochemical data.ResultsFifty‐nine children with CAP were enrolled over 16 months. Pneumococcal and viral cases were distinguished by means of a multivariate model based on 93 metabolites, 20 of which were identified and considered as putative biomarkers. Among these, six metabolites belonged to the adrenal steroid synthesis and degradation pathway.ConclusionsThis preliminary study suggests that viral and pneumococcal pneumonia differently affect the systemic metabolome, with a stronger disruption of the adrenal steroid pathway in pneumococcal pneumonia. This finding may lead to the discovery of novel diagnostic biomarkers and bring us closer to personalized therapy for pCAP.
Cover Image, Volume 76, Issue 1
Authors: Ge Yang , Liu Pingping , Zhang Liu , Snyder William E , Smith Olivia M , Shi Wangpeng 
Published: December 2019

The front cover image is based on the Original Article A sticky situation: honeydew of the pear psylla disrupts feeding by its predator Orius sauteri by Wang‐Peng Shi et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5498.
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Transformation towards smart factory system: Examining new job profiles and competencies
Authors: Jerman Andrej , Pejić Bach Mirjana , Aleksić Ana 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper increases understanding of the concept of smart factories system and its implementation in the automotive industry in terms of addressing necessary changes in human aspect of system, namely, employees' competencies, as well as to new job profiles. A qualitative research approach was used by utilizing a case study of the automotive industry in Slovenia. For the purpose of data collection, we used a semistructured interview on a sample of experts from governmental, educational, and private automotive sectors. In order to analyse gathered data, we used the method of content analysis. Research results indicate that significant changes are essential in the transformation from traditional to a smart factory system, especially regarding organizational mindset, the architecture of system and its processes, and the inclusion of Industry 4.0 technologies at all levels. Also, results indicate changes are essential regarding future job profiles and competencies. Although there are different perceptions about future jobs and competencies needed for Industry 4.0‐induced changes, depending on the sector in which the expert is employed, there is an overall agreement that job profiles related to programming, mechatronics, robotics, data analysis, Internet of Things, design, and maintenance of smart systems, process analysis, and bionics are the new job profiles needed in smart factory systems. In addition to the high emphasis on technical skill and knowledge, soft competencies are considered important, as well as competencies of continues learning, flexibility, creativity, problem solving, critical, and analytical thinking. Our findings possess important implications for conceptualizing job profiles and competencies in smart factories systems and practical implications for managers concerned with human resource management activities. We provide an outlook to the future job profiles that are underresearched, especially in the field of smart manufacturing. As well, our paper provides insight into the importance of different competencies recognized as crucial for complete functioning and optimal performance of smart factories system. This study provides a starting point for further research regarding human resource management issues in smart factories in the automotive sector, especially related to future job profiles and employee competencies, and their role in system performance.
R30 mit feuerverzinkten Stahl‐ und Verbundkonstruktionen – Bemessungshilfen
Authors: Mensinger Martin , Gaigl Christian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHerrn Prof. Dr.‐Ing. Peter Schaumann zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmetDurch Forschungsergebnisse der Technischen Universität München [1–5] konnte gezeigt werden, dass eine Feuerverzinkung im Brandfall einen positiven Einfluss auf das Erwärmungsverhalten von Stahlbauteilen der Kategorien A und B hat. Grund für die langsamere Erwärmung ist ein kleinerer, variabler Emissionsgrad von feuerverzinkten Oberflächen im Vergleich zu unverzinkten Stahlbauteilen. Im Auftrag des Gemeinschaftsausschusses Verzinken e. V. wurden nun Bemessungshilfen erarbeitet, die eine praxisgerechte einfache Anwendung der Forschungsergebnisse erlauben.
Ermüdung radbelasteter Quersteifenanschlüsse in leichten Kranbahnträgern
Authors: Euler Mathias , Kuhlmann Ulrike 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHerrn Prof. Dr.‐Ing. Peter Schaumann zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmetDie Unterstützungskonstruktion eines Brückenkrans unterliegt einer zyklischen Beanspruchung. Zu dieser Konstruktion zählen insbesondere die Kranbahnträger, die vom Kran bei jeder Kranfahrt überrollt werden. Daher ist ihre Ermüdungssicherheit nach der Bemessungsnorm DIN EN 1993‐1‐9 nachzuweisen. Für diesen Nachweis müssen die kritischen Konstruktionsdetails des Kranbahnträgers entsprechenden Kerbfällen zugeordnet werden. Allerdings enthält die Bemessungsnorm nur wenige kranbahnspezifische Kerbfälle, die die lokale Belastung des Kranbahnträgers durch die Laufräder des Krans berücksichtigen. Auf der Grundlage von experimentellen Untersuchungen zum Ermüdungsverhalten von radbelasteten Flansch‐Steg‐Verbindungen wird für ein weiteres kranbahnspezifisches Konstruktionsdetail, den Quersteifenanschluss im Radlasteinleitungsbereich leichter Kranbahnträger, eine Bemessungsempfehlung entwickelt.
Molecular phylogeny ofTrigonostemonand its relatives (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Yu Ren‐Yong , Slik Ferry J.W. , van Welzen Peter C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTrigonostemon,Dimorphocalyx,TritaxisandOstodesare tropical Asian genera that are very similar in morphology. The former three genera have been treated either as a single genusTrigonostemons.l. or as separate genera. A molecular phylogeny based on the nuclear ITS and chloroplasttrnKintron,trnT‐LandtrnL‐Fsequences reveals thatTrigonostemonis a monophyletic group, andDimorphocalyxandTritaxistogether form another monophyletic group separate fromTrigonostemon. Within the genusTrigonostemon, a strong correlation between the molecular phylogeny and pollen morphology was found. It demonstrates two potential evolutionary directions for the common “croton pattern” ornamentation of pollen in the genus: the subunits that form the “croton pattern” ornamentation tend to reduce to spines or they tend to merge in the later‐developed groups. The correlation between the molecular phylogeny and macromorphology ofTrigonostemonis discussed, and a new infrageneric classification with four sections is provided.Dimorphocalyxis reduced toTritaxis, the older generic name.
Ameliorative effects of vitamin B17 on the kidney against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma induced renal toxicity in mice
Authors: Mutar Thulfiqar F. , Tousson Ehab , Hafez Ezar , Abo Gazia Maha , Salem Seham B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCancer is the major cause of death and many factors that lead to its occurrences, such as environmental pollution and pesticides and other factors. Ehrlich carcinoma development depends on many things associated with the environment, nutrition, personal habits, and family history. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effects of vitamin B17 (VB17) against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) that induced kidney toxicity in female mice. The mice were divided into five groups (first group, control group; second group, VB17 group; third group, EAC group; fourth group, pretreated EAC with VB17; fifth group, cotreated EAC with VB17). Results showed the VB17 in pretreated (G4) and cotreated (G5) groups lead to an improvement in DNA damage and cytological examination, in addition significantly (P < .05) increase in Na+, red blood cell, hemoglobin, hematocrit value, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and MCH concentration, whereas significantly (P < .05) decrease in urea, creatinine, K+, platelets, and white blood cells while insignificant (P < .05) changes in mean corpuscular volume when compared to the EAC group. Many histopathological changes were observed in kidney sections in EAC as marked damage and degenerated, glomerular atrophy, the Malpighian corpuscles that lost their characteristic configuration. On the other hand, a moderate improvement and arrangement in the kidney histological structure in pretreated VB17 + EAC, while a mild enhancement and arrangement of the kidney structure in cotreated EAC + VB17. In addition, depletion in renal P53 and PCNA protein expression compared with the EAC group. It could be concluded that VB17 has a potential renal protective effect against EAC cells induced kidney injury.
Fractional‐order sliding mode control for damping of subsynchronous control interaction in DFIG‐based wind farms
Authors: Li Penghan , Xiong Linyun , Wang Ziqiang , Ma Meiling , Wang Jie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper proposes a fractional‐order sliding mode control (FOSMC) based on feedback linearization (FL) technique to mitigate subsynchronous control interaction (SSCI) in doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)–based wind farms connected to series‐compensated transmission lines. A linearized form of the studied system is obtained with the use of FL, which leads to reduced system order and small computational burden. Then the FOSMC is designed for grid‐side converter (GSC) to stabilize SSCI and to provide a considerable robustness against external disturbances and parameter uncertainties. For FOSMC parameter tuning, genetic algorithm (GA) is performed through MATLAB/SIMULINK. Time‐domain simulation are carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the FOSMC in mitigating SSCI at varied operating conditions, and the superior performance of the proposed control is demonstrated as compared with conventional vector control (VC), feedback linearization sliding mode control (FLSMC), high‐order sliding mode control (HOSMC).
Are terrestrial isopods able to use stridulation and vibrational communication as forms of intra and interspecific signaling and defense strategies as insects do? A preliminary study in Armadillo officinalis
Authors: Cividini Sofia , Sfenthourakis Spyros , Montesanto Giuseppe 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe capability of producing sounds and vibrations is well known in insects and is thought to be a form of intra- and interspecific communication. Sounds and vibrations are used and modulated for several aims such as interacting with conspecifics, getting information from the environment, and defending against predators. This phenomenon is less known but also present in other arthropods, including a few roller-type terrestrial isopods. In this study, we used a Y-shape test apparatus to investigate the behavior of adult individuals ofArmadillo officinalisDuméril, 1816 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) when exposed to two particular vibrational stimuli, namely species-specific stridulations and non-specific substrate-borne vibrations. Our results showed that adults ofA. officinalissignificantly react to the presence of both types of vibrational stimuli, by moving away from the vibrational source as if they experienced these vibrations as a sign of danger or disturbance.A. officinaliscan produce stridulations only when it rolls into a ball during the so-called conglobation, a possible defense mechanism against predators. Stridulation might thus be a secondary form of defense used during conglobation to deter a predator following contact with it and might be experienced as an alert by conspecifics nearby. The high sensitivity to non-specific substrate-borne vibrations might provideA. officinaliswith the possibility to anticipate dangers and adverse conditions, giving it a better chance of survival.
Non-Gaussian Lagrangian Stochastic Model for Wind Field Simulation in the Surface Layer
Authors: Liu Chao , Fu Li , Yang Dan , Miller David R. , Wang Junming 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWind field simulation in the surface layer is often used to manage natural resources in terms of air quality, gene flow (through pollen drift), and plant disease transmission (spore dispersion). Although Lagrangian stochastic (LS) models describe stochastic wind behaviors, such models assume that wind velocities follow Gaussian distributions. However, measured surface-layer wind velocities show a strong skewness and kurtosis. This paper presents an improved model, a non-Gaussian LS model, which incorporates controllable non-Gaussian random variables to simulate the targeted non-Gaussian velocity distribution with more accurate skewness and kurtosis. Wind velocity statistics generated by the non-Gaussian model are evaluated by using the field data from the Cooperative Atmospheric Surface Exchange Study, October 1999 experimental dataset and comparing the data with statistics from the original Gaussian model. Results show that the non-Gaussian model improves the wind trajectory simulation by stably producing precise skewness and kurtosis in simulated wind velocities without sacrificing other features of the traditional Gaussian LS model, such as the accuracy in the mean and variance of simulated velocities. This improvement also leads to better accuracy in friction velocity (i.e., a coupling of three-dimensional velocities). The model can also accommodate various non-Gaussian wind fields and a wide range of skewness–kurtosis combinations. Moreover, improved skewness and kurtosis in the simulated velocity will result in a significantly different dispersion for wind/particle simulations. Thus, the non-Gaussian model is worth applying to wind field simulation in the surface layer.
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase regulation of calcium cycling in ventricular cardiomyocytes is independent of Cav1.2 channel modulation under basal conditions
Authors: Ebner Janine , Cagalinec Michal , Kubista Helmut , Todt Hannes , Szabo Petra L. , Kiss Attila , Podesser Bruno K. , Cserne Szappanos Henrietta , Hool Livia C. , Hilber Karlheinz , Koenig Xaver 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNeuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is considered a regulator of Cav1.2 L-type Ca2+ channels and downstream Ca2+ cycling in the heart. The commonest view is that nitric oxide (NO), generated by nNOS activity in cardiomyocytes, reduces the currents through Cav1.2 channels. This gives rise to a diminished Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and finally reduced contractility. Here, we report that nNOS inhibitor substances significantly increase intracellular Ca2+ transients in ventricular cardiomyocytes derived from adult mouse and rat hearts. This is consistent with an inhibitory effect of nNOS/NO activity on Ca2+ cycling and contractility. Whole cell currents through L-type Ca2+ channels in rodent myocytes, on the other hand, were not substantially affected by the application of various NOS inhibitors, or application of a NO donor substance. Moreover, the presence of NO donors had no effect on the single-channel open probability of purified human Cav1.2 channel protein reconstituted in artificial liposomes. These results indicate that nNOS/NO activity does not directly modify Cav1.2 channel function. We conclude that—against the currently prevailing view—basal Cav1.2 channel activity in ventricular cardiomyocytes is not substantially regulated by nNOS activity and NO. Hence, nNOS/NO inhibition of Ca2+ cycling and contractility occurs independently of direct regulation of Cav1.2 channels by NO.
A rare complication of systemic lupus erythematosus in a 9-year-old girl: Questions
Authors: Gliwińska Aleksandra , Bjanid Omar , Adamczyk Piotr , Czubilińska-Łada Justyna , Dzienniak Anna , Morawiecka-Pietrzak Małgorzata , Roszkowska-Bjanid Dagmara , Morawiec-Knysak Aurelia , Szczepańska Maria 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSerious renal involvement in systemic diseases is common and generally constitutes a pivotal prognostic factor, making those pathology frequently seen in nephrology departments. Authors describe the case of a nine-year-old girl with lupus nephritis. After admission the patient’s state deteriorated over a period of a few days, with an unremitting high-grade fever, significant weakness and drowsiness, generalized erythema, and decrease of the kidney function to eGFR nadir of 56 ml/min/1,73m 2. Treatment with pulsed methylprednisolone was started. After the first pulse the general state of the patient improved slightly, although laboratory tests showed an alarming evolution, with the exacerbation of anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, increase of serum CRP concentration, extremely high D-dimer concentration and increase in activity of lactate dehydrogenase. The concentration of ferritin rose reaching the level of 540 μg/l, triglicerydes level was also high. Intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy was added to the ongoing steroid treatment, and resulted in a radical patient improvement. Authors underline that it seems important to be aware of rare, non-renal, but potentially devastating complications of systemic diseases, like in this clinical case: the secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). When HLH complicates a rheumatic disease, it is also referred to as macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). Unfortunately treatment of MAS is still based on reports provided by individual centres and gathered own experiences so drawing up unambiguous diagnostic criteria will be valuable in future. The treatment should be individually tailored, and more specific evidence-based recommendations are needed.