bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Incremental Glucose Peak and Diabetic Retinopathy in Tertiary Hospital: Liaoning Diabetic Microvascular Complications Study (LD-MCS)
Authors: Li Xiang , Yao Litong , Wang Xinyu , Zhong Yifan , Wang Yan , Wu Jingyang , Geng Jin , Zhou Yun , Zhang Jiahua , Chen Jun , Xu Yingying , Chen Lei , Liu Lei , Hu Yudong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Glucose variability may contribute to macrovascular complications of diabetes but evidence for its association with diabetic retinopathy (DR) is limited. This study is aimed to investigate the correlation between incremental glucose peak (IGP) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Chinese population with type 2 diabetes.Methods: A hospital-registry, case-control study collecting data from Liaoning Diabetic Microvascular Complications Study (LD-MCS) during 2012-2018. 795 adults with DR were included and matched with two diabetic controls per case (n = 1590) by gender and age. IGP was defined as the peak minus baseline plasma glucose value during 5-point oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). DR was diagnosed by two-field fundus photographs under Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study criteria and stratified into mild non-proliferative DR (NPDR), moderate NPDR, and vision-threatening DR (VTDR). Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the relationships.Results: Among 2385 participants (age, 58.40±11.52 years; 57.11% men), higher IGP was independently associated with the presence of any DR (odds ratio [OR], 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.07; P < 0.001), moderate NPDR (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01-1.12; P = 0.020) and VTDR (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07-1.19; P < 0.001), respectively. Moreover, estimated ratio for any DR and VTDR from low-quartile IPG increased by 1.33 (95% CI, 1.04-1.70; P for trend = 0.021) and 3.64 (95% CI, 1.97-6.72; P for trend < 0.001), respectively.Conclusions: OGTT-derived IGP was independently associated with DR severity scales in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. More attention by health care personnel needs to be paid to glucose variability of this population.
Is the Willingness and Ability of Nurses to Respond to Various Disasters the Same? A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran
Authors: Moradi Maryam , Sharififar Simintaj , Shokouh Seyyed- Javad Hosseini 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Healthcare centers, as the primary organizations involved in the occurrence of unexpected events, require to identify significant and influential motivational factors in the creation of willingness and, consequently, the ability of health personnel and staff (nurses) to respond to critical situations as the main organizational assets. This study was designed with the aim to determine the factors affecting the willingness and ability of nurses to deal with various disasters in Tehran hospitals.Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study. The instrument used is a researcher-made questionnaire, which consists of three parts of demographic information, evaluation of the level of nurses' willingness and ability to respond to various disasters, and obstacles to continuing to work in disasters.Results: A total of 308 questionnaires were completed. 39.3% of participants were female, and 60.7% of them were male. The level of willingness and ability of participants to continue working in crisis indicates that the highest willingness and ability are associated with natural disasters (floods, earthquakes), and the lowest willingness and ability are related to participating in response to the disease epidemic. The prioritization of the participants in this study in connection with the most critical barriers to responding to the crisis demonstrated that caring for children in natural disasters and Mass Casualty Incident, concern for family health in chemical disasters, fear of contamination in nuclear disasters, and fear of Infection in epidemic of diseases are among the most important obstacles. In examining the factors influencing the willingness and ability of research units to participate in disaster response raised, the factors of gender, age, marital status, and health level of individuals affected the level of willingness and ability of individuals. Besides, the components of income level, care for the elderly, and care for the disabled have only been influential on the willingness of people to participate in disaster response.Conclusion: The professional preparation of health care personnel to perform their duties in critical conditions is essential. Hence, preventive measures to minimize the risk and strengthen the ethical obligations of employees in this profession in crises will be beneficial.
Host metabolite-cytokine correlation landscape in SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Xiao Nan , Nie Meng , Pang Huanhuan , Wang Bohong , Hu Jieli , Meng Xiangjun , Li Ke , Ran Xiaorong , Long Quanxin , Deng Haijun , Tang Ni , Huang Ailong , Hu Zeping 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The systemic cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a major cause of the multi-organ injury and fatal outcome induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection in severe COVID-19 patients. It has been well-known that metabolism plays a role in modulating the immune responses in infectious diseases. Yet, how the host metabolism correlates with CRS in COVID-19 patients and how the perturbed metabolites affect the cytokine release remains unclear. Here, we performed both metabolomics and cytokine/chemokine profiling on serum samples from the same cohort of healthy controls, mild and severe COVID-19 patients and delineated the global metabolic and immune response landscape along disease progression. Intriguingly, the correlation analysis revealed the tight link between metabolites and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-6, M-CSF, IL-1α, IL-1β, implying the potential regulatory role of arginine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and purine metabolism in hyperinflammation. Importantly, we demonstrated that targeting metabolism markedly modulated the proinflammatory cytokines release by PBMCs isolated from SARS-CoV-2-infected rhesus macaques ex vivo. Beyond providing a comprehensive resource of metabolism and immunology data of SARS-CoV-2 infection, our study showed that metabolic alterations can be potentially exploited to develop novel strategy for the treatment of fatal CRS in COVID-19.
Comparison of Stresses in Monoblock Tilted Implants and Conventional Angled Multiunit Abutment-implant Connection Systems in the All-on-four Procedure
Authors: Zincir Özge Özdal , Parlar Ateş 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The All-on-four dental implant method is an implantology method designed to provide a comfortable prosthetic treatment option by avoiding advanced surgical procedures. This research aims to compare and evaluate the stress and tension values in conventional angled multiunit abutment-implant connection systems and monoblock dental implants used in the all-on-four procedure with finite element analysis.Methods: Two master models were created by placing four implants connected to multiunit abutments (group A) in the interforaminal region of a completely edentulous mandible and four monoblock implants (group B) in the same region of another completely edentulous mandible. Group A implants were classified according to their diameter as follows: 3.5 mm (M1A), 4.0 mm (M2A), and 4.5 mm (M3A). Similarly, group B implants were classified as M1B, M2B, and M3B. In the six models rehabilitated with acrylic fixed prostheses, a 100 N force was applied to the anterior implant region, and a 250 N force was applied to the posterior cantilever in both axial and 30° oblique directions. Von Mises stresses were analyzed in the bone and implant regions of all models.Results: M1A and M1B, M2A and M2B, and M3A and M3B were compared with each other under axial and oblique forces. The maximum Von Mises stresses in the bone around implants and the prosthesis screws, and the maximum and minimum principal stresses in the cortical and trabecular bone in group A models were significantly higher than those in group B models.Conclusions: This study shows that the use of monoblock implants without abutment-implant connections can prevent bacterial accumulation in micro-gaps, but the biomechanical properties of this implant system should be improved.
Reported neighborhood traffic and the odds of asthma/asthma like symptoms: a cross-sectional analysis of a multi-racial cohort of children
Authors: Commodore Sarah , Ferguson Pamela , Neelon Brian , Newman Roger , Grobman William , Tita Alan , Pearce John , Bloom Michael , Svendsen Erik , Roberts James , Skupski Daniel , Sciscione Anthony , Palomares Kristy , Miller Rachel , Wapner Ronald , Vena John E , Hunt Kelly J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background: Respiratory symptoms and asthma in children pose a significant clinical and public health burden. Our aim was to examine exposures to environmental air pollution in relation to asthma and related symptoms in a multi-racial cohort of children. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis evaluating the association between reported neighborhood traffic (a proxy for traffic-related air pollution) and asthma among 855 children aged 4 to 8 years old who participated in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) cohort. The primary outcome, asthma/asthma like symptoms (defined as current and/or past physician diagnosed asthma, past wheezing, or nighttime cough or wheezing in the past 12 months), was assessed by parental report via questionnaire. The relationship between the primary exposure and asthma/asthma like symptoms was examined using logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of asthma/asthma like symptoms was 23%. Fifteen percent of parents responded “Agree” or “Strongly Agree” to the question, “There is so much traffic along the streets that it makes it difficult or dangerous to walk with my child in my neighborhood” (n=129/855). Children whose parents had affirmed significant neighborhood traffic had a higher odds of having asthma/asthma like symptoms than children without significant neighborhood traffic [adjusted OR=1.78 (95% CI: 1.10, 2.88)] after controlling for child’s race-ethnicity, age, sex, maternal education level, family history of asthma, presence of play equipment in the home environment, public parks in the neighborhood and obesity. Other factors significantly associated with asthma/asthma like symptoms were: non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic race/ethnicity [OR=2.53 (95% CI: 1.43, 4.50)] and [OR=2.25 (95% CI: 1.28, 3.94), respectively, vs. non-Hispanic White referent], play equipment in the home environment or backyard [OR=1.60 (95% CI: 1.09, 2.35)], obese status [OR=2.54 (95% CI: 1.55, 4.17)], male sex [OR=1.53 (1.06, 2.22)] and family history of asthma [OR=3.19 (2.20, 4.64)]. Conclusions: Reported neighborhood traffic, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic race/ethnicity, male sex, play equipment within the home environment, obesity, and family history of asthma were associated with greater odds for asthma/asthma like symptoms. Further characterization of neighborhood traffic patterns is needed, since many children live near this source of environmental air pollution and significant racial/ethnic disparities exist.
WITHDRAWN: Apolipoprotein E4 expressed by microglia impairs microglial functions and enhances neurotoxicity
Authors: Wang Na , Wei Min , Li Xinxiu , Jia Lin , Li Jianguo , Xu Huaxi , Zhang Yun-wu , Zheng Honghua 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Microglia, the major cell type that mediates active immune defence in the central nervous system (CNS), constantly survey the brain parenchyma through highly motile processes. Mounting evidence has implicated both beneficial and toxic roles of microglia when over-activated upon neuronal injury. Understanding the function of microglia in the brain may uncover the regulatory mechanisms for neuroinflammation and facilitate the development of a novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a major genetic risk factor for the late onset AD. ApoE, as the major cholesterol carrier in the brain, has been implicated in AD pathogenesis. However, how APOE and APOE isoforms directly regulate microglial functions remains largely unknown. Methods Using primary culture of microglia from Apoe knockout (KO) mice, APOE3 and APOE4 targeted replacement (TR) mouse, we investigated the characteristics of microglial secreted apoE particles and the biological effects of apoE isoforms on microglial inflammatory response, migratory ability, cell viability and proliferation. Meanwhile, microglia-neuron co-culture system was utilized to study the effects of apoE isoforms on neurite outgrowth.Results Herein, we found that microglia secret abundant lipidated apoE. Interestingly, apoE4 particles from primary microglia exhibited a higher lipidation status compared to apoE3 particles. Furthermore, apoE4 microglia exhibited a reduced migratory ability as well as enhanced inflammatory responses and neurotoxicity, indicating microglial apoE4 is involved in unfavourable functions. Conclusions Our findings revealed the critical roles for apoE and apoE isoforms in regulating microglial functions. Our results also indicate that targeting apoE-mediated microglial inflammatory responses may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for AD.
Optimal design parameters of air suspension systems for semi-trailer truck. Part 2: results and discussion
Authors: Tuan Nguyen Van , Quynh Le Van , Thao Vi Thi Phuong , Duy Le Quang 
Published: October 2020

Based on the results of model and algorithm in Part1 for searching the optimal design parameters of vehicle suspensions using genetic algorithm, in Part 2, the simulation results with MATLAB Simulink combined with an optimal program are written to search the optimal design parameters of vehicle air suspension systems in two optimal conditions. The optimal results indicate that the DLC values at all axles of vehicle respectively reduce by 9.09 %, 10.71 %, 11.11%, 10.81 %, 8.82 % (in Case 1) and 14.29 %, 19.23 %, 20.00 %, 17.14 %, 12.12 % (in Case 2) in comparison with the original air suspension systems when vehicle moves on the ISO class C road surface at v= 20 m/s and full load. All these things indicate that using the genetic algorithm optimization method does not only reduce the tire dynamic loads acting on road surface but also improves the ride comfort. Finally, the optimum performance of vehicle suspension systems is considered and reassessed under different operating conditions. The evaluation results indicate that the optimum performance of the air suspension systems has better potential to improve the road friendliness which provides a ride comfort for road surfaces and vehicle.
Multiscale attribution analysis for assessing effects of changing environment on runoff: case study of the Upstream Yangtze River in China
Authors: Zhang Yu , Wang Manlin , Chen Juan , Zhong Ping-an , Wu Xiufeng , Wu Shiqiang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Evaluating the changes in runoff and analyzing its attribution under the changing environment is of great significance to water resources management. In this study, eight hydrological stations at the outlets of tributaries of the Upstream Yangtze River are selected. Based on the observed runoff data from 1951 to 2013, the spatial-temporal characteristics in runoff change are identified from time series analysis. Our results show that runoff in the Upstream Yangtze River decreases significantly with a rate of −7.6 km3 per ten years in general. The most significant declines in runoff are observed in the mainstream, Minjiang River, Tuojiang River, and Jialing River, while slight increase in runoff is found in the source area of the Yangtze River. Furthermore, the effects on runoff change from climate change and human activities are evaluated using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and modified Fixing-Changing (MFC) method at multiple scales. Our results suggest that the main contributions to runoff change are from climate change variabilities (70%), land use/cover change (LUCC, 10%), and other human influence (20%). When examined at different spatial and temporal scales, climate change always appears to be the main cause of runoff change, although its contribution decreases over time.
Diminished Protective Effects of Household Income on Internalizing Symptoms among African American than European American Pre-Adolescents
Authors: Assari Shervin , Islam Sondos 
Published: October 2020

Aim: To investigate the differential role of race on the effect of household income on pre-adolescents’ internalizing symptoms in a national sample of U.S. pre-adolescents. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Wave 1 ABCD data included 5,913 adolescents between ages 9 and 10 years old. The independent variable was household income. The primary outcome was internalizing symptoms measured by the teacher report of the Brief Problem Monitor (BPM) scale. Results: Overall, high household income was associated with lower levels of pre-adolescents internalizing symptoms. Race showed statistically significant interaction with household income on pre-adolescents’ internalizing symptoms, controlling for all confounders, indicating weaker protective effect of high household income on internalizing symptoms for African American than European pre-adolescents. Conclusion: High household income is a more salient protective factor against internalizing symptoms of socially privileged European American pre-adolescents than of historically marginalized African Americans pre-adolescents. Elimination of internalizing behavioral gaps across racial groups requires more than equalizing socioeconomic status. Future research should study the moderating role of institutional and structural racism experienced by African American families across all income levels. Such research may explain why pre-adolescent African Americans with high household income remain at high risk of internalizing symptoms.
AS RELAÇÕES BRASIL-ÁFRICA: DO NEXO ESCRAVISTA À CONSTRUÇÃO DE PARCERIAS ESTRATÉGICAS
Authors: Pereira Analúcia Danilevicz 
Published: October 2020

As relações do Brasil com o continente africano, após um longo período de afastamento, ganharam um novo impulso a partir dos anos 2000. Os laços históricos, a consolidação de uma política africana brasileira e as importantes mudanças no continente africano estão presentes na visão brasileira sobre a necessidade de aproximação e cooperação. O discurso e a prática diplomática brasileira convergem para a construção de alianças preferenciais com parceiros no âmbito das relações Sul-Sul. Nessa perspectiva, o continente africano representa uma das áreas de maior investimento em termos diplomáticos dos últimos governos. E ainda, a construção de um espaço estratégico que ligue o Brasil à costa africana, transforma o Oceano Atlântico em uma área a ser preservada para a cooperação por ambos os lados. Nesse sentido, este estudo busca avaliar a interação entre o Brasil e o continente africano, especialmente com África lusófona, e analisar as relações Brasil-África nos marcos da Cooperação Sul-Sul.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA BERBASIS REACT SEBAGAI IMPLEMENTASI K13 UNTUK MEMFASILITASI KEHETEROGENEN GAYA BELAJAR SISWA SMA/MA DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Dewi Novi Ayu Kristiana , Utami Bernadhita Herindri Samodera 
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this research is to develop a learning tool. It is a physics module REACT based which can facilitate heterogeneity of student learning styles in class. The research method used is Research & Development (R&D) with four stages 4-D, namely define, design, develop, and disseminated. The results showed that the learning module developed was valid with good categories in the material component and very good in the media component. The application of the developed learning module was effective to improve student learning outcomes in the moderate category. The distribution of the module got a very good response from physics teachers. Thus the learning device developed is feasible to use.
Codec Citra Berbasis Fractal dan Entropy Coding
Authors: Virgiawan I Made Aditya , Widyantara I Made Oka , Sari Hartati Rukmi 
Published: October 2020

Proses penggambaran bagian organ tubuh manusia, untuk dapat menemukan penyakit apa saja yang ada pada bagian tubuh yang disebabkan oleh bakteri dan virus disebut dengan Citra Medis. CT Scanning, MRI, X-Ray, merupakan citra medis yang banyak ditemui pada umumnya masih berupa data analog. Banyaknya informasi penting yang terdapat pada citra medis menyebabkan ukuran file citra medis tergolong besar. Kebutuhan media penyimpanan data yang besar dan waktu pengiriman yang lama disebabkan oleh data citra medis yang berukuran besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merealisasikan sebuah codec citra medis berbasis fraktal dengan mengujikan kinerjanya pada beberapa teknik entropy coding. Analisis penelitian ini didasarkan pada PSNR, Size Image dan Time Taken yang dibutuhkan untuk melakukan kompresi terhadap satu buah gambar. Kesimpulan yang didapat pada analisis ini terlihat bahwa metode Arithmetic lebih memiliki keunggulan dalam bidang PSNR, Rasio Kompresi, Size Image yang dihasilkan beserta Time Taken di dalam proses kompresi, dimana dari 15 gambar citra yang diuji 100% gambar lebih baik hasil dengan menggunakan metode Arithmetic dibandingkan dengan menggunakan metode Adaptive Huffman.
Kata Kunci — Adaptive Huffman, Arithmetic, Citra, Codec, Fractal, Medis.
Analisis Motivasi Kerja dan Kinerja Tenaga Kependidikan (Studi Kasus di Universitas Alma Ata Tahun 2016)
Authors: Budiarti Sari 
Published: October 2020

Kegiatan internship ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui motivasi kerja dan kinerja tenaga kependidikan di Universitas Alma Ata Yogyakarta. Permasalahan yang dihadapi belum optimalnya motivasi kerja dan kinerja tenaga kependidikan yang berdampak terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa yang semakin menurun. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam menganalisis motivasi kerja dan kinerja menggunakan metode survei, yang dilakukan dengan memberikan kuesioner kepada responden untuk menjawab pernyataan-pernyataan dalam kuesioner. Skala pengukuran menggunakan skala likert, kemudian data dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif.Hasil analisis rerata motivasi kerjatenaga kependidikan menunjukkan bahwa motivasi kerja masih belum optimal. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari belum terpenuhinya kebutuhan fisiologis, kebutuhan akan rasa aman, kebutuhan akan penghargaan dan kebutuhan aktualisasi diri dalam teori Maslow. Hasil analisis rerata kinerja tenaga kependidikan menunjukkan bahwa kinerja masih belum optimal. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari belum optimalnya kuantitas, ketepatan waktu dan kemandirian tenaga kependidikan dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaan.