bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nocturnal thoracic volume overload and post‐discharge outcomes in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure
Authors: Chang Hao‐Chih , Huang Chi‐Jung , Cheng Hao‐Min , Yu Wen‐Chung , Chiang Chern‐En , Sung Shih‐Hsien , Chen Chen‐Huan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsVolume overload and perturbations of pulsatile haemodynamics may precipitate acute heart failure (AHF). Nocturnal thoracic volume overload due to rostral fluid shift during recumbency undetected by daytime measures may impact nighttime haemodynamics and post‐discharge outcomes.Methods and resultsA total of 63 patients (median 60 years, 79.4% men, and left ventricular ejection fraction 29.4%) hospitalized for AHF were enrolled. Once clinical euvolaemia was achieved, noninvasive pulsatile haemodynamics were assessed during daytime followed by circadian monitoring (6 p.m. to 5 a.m.) of thoracic fluid content and thoracic fluid content index (TFCi) using impedance cardiography, normalized electromechanical activation time ratio (EMAT%) using acoustic cardiography, and mean blood pressure using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring before discharge. The primary endpoints were composited of the first hospitalization for heart failure and death from any cause. Patients were also followed for the repeated heart failure hospitalizations. During a median follow‐up duration of 16 months, 33 patients encountered primary composite endpoints (52.4%), and there were 42 hospitalizations developed among 25 patients. An overnight increase in TFCi along with persistently prolonged EMAT% and low mean blood pressure was observed in the eventful group. Overnight increase in TFCi (ΔTFCi, the difference between the measures at 4 a.m. and 6 p.m.) was an independent predictor of primary composite events (hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval: 1.58, 1.07–2.33; P = 0.022) and recurrent composite events (2.22, 1.51–3.26; P < 0.001), after adjusting for potential confounding factors. A high ΔTFCi (≥0.5/kΩ/m2) significantly correlated with higher post‐discharge events (hazard ratio 6.25; 95% confidence interval 2.30–16.96; P < 0.001) in comparison with a low ΔTFCi (<0.5/kΩ/m2). ΔTFCi was significantly associated with EMAT%, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and left ventricular ejection fraction, but not with parameters of pulsatile haemodynamics.ConclusionsNocturnal thoracic volume overload in AHF before discharge, indicating the presence of residual volume overload unidentified by daytime measures, may predict post‐discharge outcomes.
Circulating sST2 and catestatin levels in patients with acute worsening of heart failure: a report from the CATSTAT‐HF study
Authors: Borovac Josip A. , Glavas Duska , Susilovic Grabovac Zora , Supe Domic Daniela , Stanisic Lada , D'Amario Domenico , Kwok Chun S. , Bozic Josko 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsSoluble suppression of tumourigenicity 2 (sST2) and catestatin (CST) reflect myocardial fibrosis and sympathetic overactivity during the acute worsening of heart failure (AWHF). We aimed to determine serum levels and associations of sST2 and CST with in‐hospital death as well as the association between sST2 and CST among AWHF patients.Methods and resultsA total of 96 AWHF patients were consecutively enrolled, while levels of sST2 and CST were determined and compared between non‐survivors and survivors. Predictive values of sST2 and CST for in‐hospital death were determined by the penalized multivariable Firth logistic regression. The diagnostic ability of sST2 and CST for in‐hospital death was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic analysis and examined with respect to the N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin I, and C‐reactive protein. The in‐hospital death rate was 6.25%. Serum sST2 and CST levels were significantly higher among non‐survivors than survivors [146.6 (inter‐quartile range, IQR 65.9–156.2) vs. 35.3 (IQR 20.6–64.4) ng/mL, P < 0.001, and 19.8 (IQR 9.9–28.0) vs. 5.6 (IQR 3.4–9.8) ng/mL, P < 0.001, respectively]. Both sST2 and CST were independent predictors of in‐hospital death [Firth coefficient (FC) 6.00, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.48–15.20, P = 0.005, and FC 6.58, 95% CI 1.66–21.78, P = 0.003, respectively], while NT‐proBNP was not a significant predictor (FC 1.57, 95% CI 0.51–3.99, P = 0.142). In classifying non‐survivors from survivors, sST2 provided area under the curve (AUC) of 0.917 (95% CI 0.819–1.000, P < 0.001) followed by CST (AUC 0.905, 95% CI 0.792–1.000, P < 0.001), while NT‐proBNP yielded AUC of 0.735 (95% CI 0.516–0.954, P = 0.036). High‐sensitivity cardiac troponin I and C‐reactive protein were not found as significant classifiers of in‐hospital death (AUC 0.719, 95% CI 0.509–0.930, P = 0.075, and AUC 0.682, 95% CI 0.541–0.822, P = 0.164, respectively). Among survivors, those with sST2 serum levels ≥35 ng/mL had significantly higher CST levels, compared with those with sST2 < 35 ng/mL (9.05 ± 5.17 vs. 5.06 ± 2.76 ng/mL, P < 0.001). Serum sST2 levels positively and independently correlated with CST levels in the whole patient cohort (β = 0.437, P < 0.001).ConclusionsElevated sST2 and CST levels, reflecting two distinct pathophysiological pathways in heart failure, might indicate impending clinical deterioration among AWHF patients during hospitalization and facilitate prognosis beyond traditional biomarkers regarding the risk of in‐hospital death (CATSTAT‐HF ClinicalTrials.gov Number NCT03389386).
Acoustic and fractal analyses of the mechanical properties and fracture modes of bedding‐containing shale under different seepage pressures
Authors: Wu Zhonghu , Lou Yili , Yin Shuai , Wang Anli , Liu Hao , Sun Wenjibin , Zuo Yujun , Chen Bin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe mechanical properties and failure modes of shale that contains bedding were analyzed under coupled seepage pressure and stress. In the numerical model, seven sets of shale samples with different dip‐bedding values were considered, and a seepage‐stress coupling numerical simulation was carried out. The results showed that the compressive strength of shale exhibited obvious anisotropy with increase in the bedding angle, and the compressive strength decreased with an increase in the osmotic pressure. The elastic modulus of shale showed an increasing trend with increase in the bedding angle, while the osmotic pressure had little effect on the elastic modulus of shale. The results also showed that weak bedding had a significant impact on the shale failure mode. When the osmotic pressure was 4 MPa, the shale fracture mode showed five failure modes. When the osmotic pressure was 8 MPa, the shale fracture mode exhibited four failure modes. When the osmotic pressure was 12 MPa, the shale fracture mode showed four failure modes. As the osmotic pressure increased, the osmotic pressure played a leading role in the shale rupture process. The spatial distribution of the acoustic emission demonstrated some self‐similarity patterns, and its fractal characteristics were analyzed. It was found that the fractal dimension better reflects the rupture damage to the shale. The larger the fractal dimension is, the more severe the rupture of shale.
Performance investigation of shell and helical tube heat energy storage system with graphene dispersed erythritol PCM
Authors: V Mayilvelnathan , A Valan Arasu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractExperimental investigation on the thermal performance of a shell and helical tube latent heat thermal energy storage system for medium temperature applications is reported in the article. Commercial grade erythritol having a melting temperature of 120°C was employed as the phase change material (PCM). The thermal conductivity of the erythritol had been usually very low (0.73 W/mK) and it results in low heat transfer rates during both charging and discharging processes. In the study, an attempt was made, this inherent limitation of erythritol, high thermal conductive graphene nanoparticles, which are dispersed into erythritol matrix, referred to as nanoparticle dispersed phase change material (NDPCM). The effect of the addition of graphene nanoparticles on the performance of the storage system such as heat flow rate, overall heat transfer coefficient, charging and discharging efficiency and effectiveness was evaluated and compared with the storage system with only base erythritol during both energy storage and retrieval processes. The efficiency of the NDPCM system increased to 16.29% during the storage period and 28.48% during the retrieval period compared with the base PCM system. Further, it was observed that the effectiveness is about 14% greater at the beginning of the melting process and about 12% greater at the beginning of the solidification process for NDPCM.
Exploring power consumption reduction in centralized radio access for energy‐efficient centralized‐Internet of Things implementation
Authors: Mahapatra Byomakesh , Kumar Turuk Ashok , Kumar Patra Sarat 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe advent of new wireless and Internet of Things (IoT) technology has increased the dependency on the cellular base stations (BS). The rapid growth in IoT and wireless devices impinges many challenges on cellular services providers and manufacturers. The Centralized Radio Access Network is an energy and cost‐efficient solution for the next‐generation BS architecture. In this article, we have proposed a centralized‐IoT (C‐IoT) architecture based on centralized BS (C‐BS). We evaluated different base station technologies and compared the C‐BS with the traditional distributed BS (D‐BS) architecture for power consumption. A mathematical model for power consumption for both types of BS is proposed. We have analyzed the impact of variation in traffic load on power consumption for both types of BS architecture. The simulation result shows that C‐BS architecture has the potential to save around 40% to 50% energy compared with D‐BS architecture.
Application of a judgement method to regulatory impact assessments for sprinkler protection to English high‐rise residential buildings
Authors: Arnott Matthew , Hopkin Danny , Spearpoint Michael 
Published: July 2020

SummaryWhen proposing a widespread investment in a safety measure, it is common for some form of regulatory impact assessment to be undertaken. In this study, the cost‐effectiveness of two proposals made by government bodies in England are investigated. The first is made by the London Assembly Planning Committee (LAPC) to retrofit London's existing high‐rise residential buildings (HRRBs) with sprinkler systems. Similarly, the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG) has called for evidence to support reducing the trigger height for sprinkler provision in new HRRBs. The redundant concept of a value for a preventable fatality is addressed using the J‐value methodology. The baseline results show a J‐value above unity for both proposals, suggesting that they are potentially not cost‐effective. A sensitivity analysis highlights the embedded uncertainty and the implications for the J‐value. For the MHCLG proposal, a large increase in annual fatalities for HRRBs would be required to support a reduction in trigger height for the inclusion of sprinklers. However, reasonable modification of some inputs results in a J‐value below unity for the LAPC proposal, suggesting that this may be a cost‐effective safety investment. It may be argued that this proposal be implemented to err on the side of caution.
Fire safe, sustainable loose furnishing
Authors: Storesund Karolina , Amon Francine , Steen‐Hansen Anne , Haghighatpanah Shayesteh , Larsson Ida 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThe aim of this exploratory study has been to investigate the fire properties and environmental aspects of different upholstery material combinations, mainly for domestic applications. An analysis of the sustainability and circularity of selected textiles, along with lifecycle assessment, is used to qualitatively evaluate materials from an environmental perspective. The cone calorimeter was the primary tool used to screen 20 different material combinations from a fire performance perspective. It was found that textile covers of conventional fibres such as wool, cotton and polyester, can be improved by blending them with fire resistant speciality fibres. A new three‐dimensional web structure has been examined as an alternative padding material, showing preliminary promising fire properties with regard to ignition time, heat release rates and smoke production.
Theoretical and numerical studies on the collapse of single‐ and double‐bubble system in water
Authors: Han Sen , Zhu Hanhua 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe cavitation bubbles that collapse in the hydraulic machinery can cause damage to the structure and the internal wall. In order to find feasible preventive measures, the mechanism of cavitation bubble collapse needs to be thoroughly studied. However, the influence of the initial radius or the interaction between multi‐bubbles has not been studied in depth. In this paper, the collapse process of single‐ and double‐bubble system is studied by the volume of fluid (VOF) method. Three conditions are considered in this paper, single‐bubble (R0= 0.3 mm,R0= 0.4 mm) and double‐bubble system (R0,1= 0.3 mm andR0,2= 0.4 mm). The time evolution of pressure, bubble radius, radial velocity, and acceleration during the bubble collapse can be obtained. The bubble collapse time, pressure distribution, and radial velocity of single bubble are verified by theoretical values. It is found that with the increase of bubble initial radius, the collapse, and rebound time is delayed, the maximum pressure of the bubble center increases, the minimum radius of the bubble decreases, the maximum radial velocity increases. In double‐bubble system, during the first rebound of the small bubble, the central pressure, radius and radial velocity of the small bubble fluctuate with time. And the collapse time of each bubble is delayed, the maximum central pressure decreases and the minimum radius of the bubble increases.
Antimicrobial and mechanism of antagonistic activity of Bacillus sp. A2 against pathogenic fungus and bacteria: The implication on honey's regulatory mechanism on host's microbiota
Authors: Jia Lina , Kosgey Janet Cheruiyot , Wang Jielin , Yang Jianxun , Nyamao Rose Magoma , Zhao Yi , Teng Xue , Gao Lei , Wabo MartinTherese Cheteu , Vasilyeva Natalia V. , Fang Yong , Zhang Fengmin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHoney is thought to act against microbes and regulates microbiota balance, and this is mainly attributed to the enzymatic production of hydrogen peroxide, high osmolarity, and nonperoxidase factors, for example, lysozyme and botanical sources of nectar, while the effect of honey's probiotic is recently considered. The study of honey as source of beneficial microbes is understudied. The purpose of this study was to screen for the beneficial microorganisms in honey with antagonistic property against important pathogens and the mechanism of antimicrobial activity and thus play a beneficial role as probiotics. The results showed that one out of the fourteen bacterial isolates had antimicrobial activity and was identified as Bacillus Sp. A2 by 16S rRNA sequence and morphology. Antimicrobial activity of the isolate against C. albicans, E. coli, and S. aureus was confirmed by Agar well diffusion and liquid coculture assays, and the propagation of those microbes was significantly inhibited after treatment with the isolate Bacillus sp. A2 (p < .05) in comparison with untreated negative control and positive control (fluconazole, chloramphenicol, L. plantarum). The morphological changes including the distorted shape with indentations and leakages (SEM), damaged cell membrane, and cell wall with the disintegration and attachment of the Bacillus sp. A2 (TEM) in treated C. albicans were observed. Meanwhile, reactive oxygen species accumulation and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential were detected in treated C. albicans. These results revealed that the isolate Bacillus sp. A2 from honey has significant antimicrobial activity (p < .05) against C. albicans in comparison with untreated negative control and positive control L. plantarum, which depends on the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial damage, and the cell apoptosis. We concluded that the Bacillus sp. A2 possess the antimicrobial property, which may contribute to regulation of host's microbiota as a beneficial microbe or probiotic.
Determinants of stunting during the first 1,000 days of life in Bangladesh: A review
Authors: Islam Md Shariful , Zafar Ullah Abu Naser , Mainali Shristi , Imam Md. Akhter , Hasan Md Imran 
Published: July 2020

AbstractStunting is a major problem in Bangladesh, with a prevalence of 31% in 2017. The prevalence of stunting in children aged under two has reduced by only 6% since 2004. After children reach 2 years of age, the consequences of stunting become almost irreversible. This paper seeks to examine and analyze the determinants associated with stunting during the first 1,000 days of life in Bangladesh to assist in developing evidence‐based interventions in Bangladesh. A literature review was conducted comprehensively on all relevant peer‐reviewed and gray literature of studies conducted in Bangladesh. The existing literature was searched and examined using the World Health Organization (WHO) conceptual framework for stunting. Evidence indicates that low maternal weight, lack of maternal education, severe food insecurity, lack of access to suitable nutrition, nonexclusive breastfeeding, pathogen‐specific diarrhea, and low weight and height at birth are associated with early childhood stunting in Bangladesh. The relation of the quality of drinking water with stunting is not clear in Bangladesh. Literature about the association between stunting and determinants such as the political economy, education systems, and agriculture and food systems is not found. This synthesis shows that the factors of stunting are multifaceted. As such, a multi‐sectoral approach is essential in Bangladesh, employing evidence‐based interventions to address the determinants that contribute to the risk of stunting to achieve the global nutrition target by 2025.
ERA5‐HEAT: A global gridded historical dataset of human thermal comfort indices from climate reanalysis
Authors: Di Napoli Claudia , Barnard Christopher , Prudhomme Christel , Cloke Hannah L. , Pappenberger Florian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe mean radiant temperature (MRT) and the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) are widely used as human biometeorology parameters to assess the linkages between outdoor environment and human well‐being. Historically computed from meteorological station measurements, we here present ERA5‐HEAT (Human thErmAl comforT), the first historical dataset of MRT and UTCI as spatially gridded records at the global scale. Derived using climate variables from ERA5, a quality‐controlled reanalysis produced by the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) within the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), ERA5‐HEAT consists of hourly gridded maps of MRT and UTCI at 0.25° × 0.25° spatial resolution. It currently spans from 1979 to present, and it will be extended in time as updates of ERA5 are made available. ERA5‐HEAT provides two streams, a consolidated and an intermediate one, that are released at 2 or 3 months and 5 days behind real time, respectively. Data are publicly and freely available for download at the Climate Data Store which has been developed as part of C3S. Being the only existing global historical gridded time series of MRT and UTCI to date, ERA5‐HEAT is aimed at a wide range of end users, from scientists to policymakers, with an interest in environment–health applications at any spatial and temporal scale.
Outcome in patients with isolated regional recurrence after primary radiotherapy for head and neck cancer
Authors: Lindegaard Anne Marie , von Buchwald Christian , Rasmussen Jacob H. , Specht Lena , Vogelius Ivan R. , Zamani Martin , Woller Nina Claire , Lelkaitis Giedrius , Friborg Jeppe 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundIsolated regional recurrences following head‐neck squamous‐cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are often accessible for curatively intended salvage treatment. Factors prognostic for outcome were investigated in a large cohort of HNSCC patients.MethodsIn total, 1811 patients receiving curatively intended radiotherapy from 2007 to 2017 were reviewed and isolated cervical nodal recurrences were identified. Factors associated with survival and second recurrence were investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsIsolated regional recurrence was seen in 95/1811 (5.2%) patients. Eighty of 95 patients (84%) received salvage surgery. Two‐year survival after isolated regional recurrence was 40%. Overall survival (OS) and time to second recurrence were associated with resection status of the salvage surgery and presence of extranodal spread (ENS), while p16‐positive oropharyngeal squamous‐cell carcinoma (OPSCC) was associated with better OS.ConclusionLong‐term survival after regional recurrence in HNSCC is possible. p16‐positive OPSCC, complete salvage surgery, and lack of ENS are associated with better outcome.
Prognostic value of preoperative systemic inflammation response index in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: Propensity score‐based analysis
Authors: Lin Jing , Chen Lin , Chen Qing , Zhuang Zhaocheng , Bao Xiaodan , Qian Jiawen , Hong Yihong , Yan Lingjun , Lin Lisong , Shi Bin , Qiu Yu , Pan Lizhen , Wei Lihong , Zheng Xiaoyan , Wang Jing , Liu Fengqiong , He Baochang , Chen Fa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to elucidate the relationship between systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and the prognosis of postoperative oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients.MethodsThe prognostic value of SIRI was evaluated in a prospective cohort consisting of 535 OSCC patients with surgical resection. Propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analyses were used to further verify the prognostic value of SIRI.ResultsPatients with a higher SIRI had a significantly increased risk of mortality compared with those with a low SIRI (HR [hazard ratio]: 1.60, 95% CI [confidence interval]: 1.04‐2.47). The similar association pattern was observed following PSM (HR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.14‐3.40) and IPTW (HR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.29‐2.24) analyses. Of note, receiving postoperative chemotherapy resulted in a 72% of decreased risk of death among patients with a higher SIRI (HR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.08‐0.95). Additionally, a novel prognostic nomogram, based on TNM stage, tumor differentiation, and SIRI, demonstrated superior accuracy for the prediction of overall survival than that of the seventh edition of the AJCC staging system.ConclusionPreoperative SIRI may be a valuable tool for prediction of survival of OSCC patients.
Shape‐modified radial forearm free tissue transfer in oral cavity reconstruction: Technique and a prospective comparison with the conventional technique
Authors: Chavre Sachin , Thankappan Krishnakumar , Mathew Jimmy , Sharma Mohit , Iyer Subramania 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundDonor site morbidity is a significant drawback of the radial forearm flap. The purpose of this study is to describe a new shape‐modified technique. The donor site morbidity was compared to that of the conventional technique, in terms of the esthetic, functional outcomes, and quality of life (QOL).MethodsThis is a prospective study of 30 patients with oral cancer who underwent reconstruction using radial forearm flaps, in two groups.ResultsRegarding the donor site characteristics, the differences in the time for healing (P = .006), the scar score (P < .0001), and the QOL score (P < .0001) were significant. The number of patients with sensory deficit was 11 in the conventional group and 3 in the shape‐modified group (P = .009).ConclusionsThe functional and esthetic outcomes of the donor site were better for the shape‐modified technique. It is best suited for small defects. Compromise of the pedicle length is a limitation.