bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytate degradation cascade in pigs as affected by phytase supplementation and rapeseed cake inclusion in corn–soybean meal-based diets
Authors: Rosenfelder-Kuon Pia , Klein Nicolas , Zegowitz Benedikt , Schollenberger Margit , Kühn Imke , Thuringer Lucia , Seifert Jana , Rodehutscord Markus 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Two experiments (Exp.) with ileally cannulated growing barrows were conducted. The concentrations of positional inositol phosphate (InsP) isomers in ileal digesta and feces were determined, as well as the prececal and total tract phytate (InsP6) hydrolysis, and digestibility of dry matter, P, Ca, nitrogen, and gross energy. Prececal amino acid (AA) digestibility and digestive enzyme activities in ileal digesta were also studied. In both Exp., pigs had an initial body weight (BW) of 28 kg and were completely randomized to a Double Latin Square Design with eight pigs, four diets, and three periods of 12 d each. Feces and ileal digesta were collected for 5 d and 2 d, respectively. Pigs were housed individually in stainless steel metabolic units. Water was available ad libitum and feed was provided two times daily at an amount of 4% of mean BW. In Exp. 1, pigs received a corn–soybean meal (SBM)-based diet that was supplemented with 0, 750, 1,500, or 3,000 FTU of a microbial phytase/kg diet. In Exp. 2, pigs were allotted to a 2 × 2 arrangement of diets based on corn and SBM or an SBM-rapeseed cake (RSC) mix and phytase supplementation at 0 or 1,500 FTU/kg of diet. In ileal digesta of pigs fed without the phytase supplement, the dominating InsP isomers beside InsP6 were InsP5 isomers. The InsP pattern in ileal digesta changed with the inclusion of microbial phytase in both Exp., as there was a remarkable increase in Ins(1,2,5,6)P4 concentration (P &lt; 0.001). In both Exp., the myo-inositol concentration in ileal digesta was greater upon phytase addition (P &lt; 0.001). Without phytase supplementation, prececal and total tract P digestibility were low, whereas hardly any InsP6 was excreted in feces. There was no difference between prececal and total tract P digestibility values. For most AA studied in Exp. 2, prececal digestibility was lower (P &lt; 0.01) when the diet contained RSC. However, phytase supplementation did not significantly affect prececal AA digestibility in both Exp. The present study showed that InsP6 disappearance by the end of the ileum can be increased up to around 90% in SBM- and SBM–RSC-based diets when microbial phytase is supplemented, but prececal P digestibility hardly exceeded 60%. The study confirms that pigs cannot benefit from a remarkable InsP6 degradation in the hindgut.
History of Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) Lung Cancer Study Group
Authors: Horinouchi Hidehito , Ohe Yuichiro 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Japan Clinical Oncology Group Lung Cancer Study Group has been carrying out clinical studies, exploring new strategies of treatment, supportive therapies (antiemetics, etc.), etc., for a variety of cancers, including not only small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer but also rare chest tumours (represented by thymoma) and cancer-associated conditions (cancerous pericarditis, cancerous pleuritis, etc.). In this review, an overview of all studies conducted from 1985 to 2019 is provided.
Between National Interests and Global Business: China’s Possible Reservations to the Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreements
Authors: Cai Wei , Kolieb Jonathan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In September 2017, China signed the Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreements. There are no obstacles preventing China from ratifying the Convention. However, the possible reservations China may declare appear to be a key concern for the success of the Convention. This article identifies the key conflicts between the Convention and Chinese law and practice, and analyses the pros and cons of some possible reservations the Chinese authorities may consider when ratifying the Convention. China’s ratification of the Convention would have a positive impact on the global recognition and enforcement of foreign civil and commercial judgments. Although China may have some specific concerns (e.g. national security) in its recognition and enforcement of particular foreign judgments, it is desirable that China adopts a pragmatic approach and minimize the number and extent of its reservations to the Convention.
Bayesian phylolinguistics infers the internal structure and the time-depth of the Turkic language family
Authors: Savelyev Alexander , Robbeets Martine 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Despite more than 200 years of research, the internal structure of the Turkic language family remains subject to debate. Classifications of Turkic so far are based on both classical historical–comparative linguistic and distance-based quantitative approaches. Although these studies yield an internal structure of the Turkic family, they cannot give us an understanding of the statistical robustness of the proposed branches, nor are they capable of reliably inferring absolute divergence dates, without assuming constant rates of change. Here we use computational Bayesian phylogenetic methods to build a phylogeny of the Turkic languages, express the reliability of the proposed branches in terms of probability, and estimate the time-depth of the family within credibility intervals. To this end, we collect a new dataset of 254 basic vocabulary items for thirty-two Turkic language varieties based on the recently introduced Leipzig–Jakarta list. Our application of Bayesian phylogenetic inference on lexical data of the Turkic languages is unprecedented. The resulting phylogenetic tree supports a binary structure for Turkic and replicates most of the conventional sub-branches in the Common Turkic branch. We calculate the robustness of the inferences for subgroups and individual languages whose position in the tree seems to be debatable. We infer the time-depth of the Turkic family at around 2100 years before present, thus providing a reliable quantitative basis for previous estimates based on classical historical linguistics and lexicostatistics.
ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR39–MYB8 complex regulates low-temperature-induced lignification of loquat fruit
Authors: Zhang Jing , Yin Xue-ren , Li Heng , Xu Meng , Zhang Meng-xue , Li Shao-jia , Liu Xiao-fen , Shi Yan-na , Grierson Donald , Chen Kun-song 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFlesh lignification is a specific chilling response that causes deterioration in the quality of stored red-fleshed loquat fruit (Eribotrya japonica) and is one aspect of wider chilling injury. APETALA2/ETHLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR (AP2/ERF) transcription factors are important regulators of plant low-temperature responses and lignin biosynthesis. In this study, the expression and action of 27 AP2/ERF genes from the red-fleshed loquat cultivar ‘Luoyangqing’ were investigated in order to identify transcription factors regulating low-temperature-induced lignification. EjERF27, EjERF30, EjERF36, and EjERF39 were significantly induced by storage at 0 °C but inhibited by a low-temperature conditioning treatment (pre-storage at 5 °C for 6 days before storage at 0 °C, which reduces low-temperature-induced lignification), and their transcript levels positively correlated with flesh lignification. A dual-luciferase assay indicated that EjERF39 could transactivate the promoter of the lignin biosynthetic gene Ej4CL1, and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay confirmed that EjERF39 recognizes the DRE element in the promoter region of Ej4CL1. Furthermore, the combination of EjERF39 and the previously characterized EjMYB8 synergistically transactivated the Ej4CL1 promoter, and both transcription factors showed expression patterns correlated with lignification in postharvest treatments and red-fleshed ‘Luoyangqing’ and white-fleshed ‘Ninghaibai’ cultivars with different lignification responses. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation and luciferase complementation imaging assays confirmed direct protein–protein interaction between EjERF39 and EjMYB8. These data indicate that EjERF39 is a novel cold-responsive transcriptional activator of Ej4CL1 that forms a synergistic activator complex with EjMYB8 and contributes to loquat fruit lignification at low temperatures.
CDF transcription factors: plant regulators to deal with extreme environmental conditions
Authors: Renau-Morata Begoña , Carrillo Laura , Dominguez-Figueroa Jose , Vicente-Carbajosa Jesús , Molina Rosa V , Nebauer Sergio G , Medina Joaquín 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In terrestrial environments, water and nutrient availabilities and temperature conditions are highly variable, and especially in extreme environments limit survival, growth, and reproduction of plants. To sustain growth and maintain cell integrity under unfavourable environmental conditions, plants have developed a variety of biochemical and physiological mechanisms, orchestrated by a large set of stress-responsive genes and a complex network of transcription factors. Recently, cycling DOF factors (CDFs), a group of plant-specific transcription factors (TFs), were identified as components of the transcriptional regulatory networks involved in the control of abiotic stress responses. The majority of the members of this TF family are activated in response to a wide range of adverse environmental conditions in different plant species. CDFs regulate different aspects of plant growth and development such as photoperiodic flowering-time control and root and shoot growth. While most of the functional characterization of CDFs has been reported in Arabidopsis, recent data suggest that their diverse roles extend to other plant species. In this review, we integrate information related to structure and functions of CDFs in plants, with special emphasis on their role in plant responses to adverse environmental conditions.
Hydrogen sulfide: a multi-tasking signal molecule in the regulation of oxidative stress responses
Authors: Chen Tao , Tian Mimi , Han Yi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important signaling molecule in plant environmental interactions. The consensus view amongst plant scientists is that environmental stress leads to enhanced production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). H2S interacts with the ROS-mediated oxidative stress response network at multiple levels, including the regulation of ROS-processing systems by transcriptional or post-translational modifications. H2S–ROS crosstalk also involves other interacting factors, including nitric oxide, and can affect key cellular processes like autophagy. While H2S often functions to prevent ROS accumulation, it can also act synergistically with ROS signals in processes such as stomatal closure. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of H2S action and the multifaceted roles of this molecule in plant stress responses. Emphasis is placed on the interactions between H2S, ROS, and the redox signaling network that is crucial for plant defense against environmental threats.
Implications of vocabulary density for poetry: Reading T. S. Eliot’s poetry through computational methods
Authors: Kim Seonghoon , Tak Jin-young , Kwak Eun Joo , Lim Tae Yun , Lee Shin Haeng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
By incorporating computational methods into reading literary texts, this study examines the literary implications of the ‘vocabulary density’ and frequency of nouns and adjectives in T. S. Eliot’s poetry. This study analyzes 4,689,655 words from forty-seven poets available on Project Gutenberg, a catalog spanning from the eighteenth century to the early twentieth century. The data illustrate both the continuity and discontinuity found in English and American poetry dependent on conventional divisions between literary movements: eighteenth century, Romanticism, Imagism, and Modernism. The findings shed light on the similarities and differences between Eliot’s poetry and others’, particularly in terms of Franco Moretti’s concept of ‘modern epic’ and his methodology of ‘distant reading’. Through this combined quantitative and qualitative research, this article ultimately upholds the notion that the linguistic distinction of Eliot’s high modernist poetry lies, by and large, in his use of invented and equivocal words that reflects and represents an artistic response to modern human, cultural, social conditions, and experiment with poetic diction and polyphonic voice in the early twentieth century.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness Is Associated With Better Cardiometabolic Health and Lower PTSD Severity in Post-9/11 Veterans
Authors: Whitworth James W , Hayes Scott M , Andrews Ryan J , Fonda Jennifer R , Beck Brigitta M , Hanlon Lilly B , Fortier Catherine B , Milberg William P , McGlinchey Regina E 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and physical inactivity. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), which is modifiable by physical activity, is a strong independent predictor of cardiometabolic health. However, the relationship between CRF and cardiometabolic health in veterans with PTSD is unknown. Thus, this study aimed to explore the cross-sectional relationships among CRF, indices of cardiometabolic health (ie, HbA1c, blood lipids, blood pressure, waist-hip ratio, and body mass index), and PTSD severity in veterans with PTSD.

Materials and Methods
This study was approved by the local Institutional Review Board. All participants were informed of the study risks and provided consent prior to participation. Participants (n = 13) completed a cardiopulmonary exercise test, a fasting blood draw, and the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale. Correlations between CRF and cardiometabolic health were examined with Spearman’s rank correlations, and differences in PTSD symptom severity were explored as a function of CRF (ie, low-to-moderate vs. high CRF), using multiple linear regression.

Results
Peak oxygen uptake ($\dot{\mathrm{V}}$O2peak) was correlated with high-density lipoproteins rho = 0.60, P = 0.04 and diastolic blood pressure rho = −0.56, P = 0.05. Ventilatory threshold was correlated with HbA1c rho = −0.61, P = 0.03 and diastolic blood pressure rho = −0.56, P = 0.05. Higher CRF was associated with lower total PTSD severity standardized β = −0.84, P = 0.01, adjusted R2 = 0.47, total Cluster C symptoms (avoidance/numbing) β = −0.71, P = 0.02, adjusted R2 = 0.49, and total Cluster D symptoms (hyperarousal) β = −0.89, P = 0.01, adjusted R2 = 0.41, while adjusting for age and smoking status.

Conclusions
These preliminary findings suggest that CRF and by proxy physical activity may be important factors in understanding the increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disease associated with PTSD.
Remote Access Therapy for Veterans With Psychological Problems: Current State of the Art
Authors: Fleuty Kristina , Almond Michael K 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The past decade has seen both an increase in use and research into ways in which psychological therapy might be delivered remotely. Remote access therapy uses technology to deliver talking therapies. It is important to understand how remote technologies are being used as part of the therapeutic process and consider what effect this has on the success of therapeutic interventions. This review discusses what is currently known about the use of remote access therapy with a veteran population. Moreover, the review summarizes potential benefits and barriers to conducting therapy remotely.

Materials and Methods
This review was conducted to explore the use of remote access therapies with veterans. All available literature identified for this review focused on veteran cohorts from the US and UK. To meet search criteria, studies had to include veteran participants engaging with any form of talking therapy delivered remotely. A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria: two from the UK and 13 from the US. Searches were carried out during June and July 2019.

Results
A number of potential benefits to remote therapy delivery were observed in the research reviewed, including improved accessibility to therapy for people living in remote locations (providing infrastructure existed to facilitate the remote access technologies), increased flexibility of timing, and being able to undergo therapy alongside other life commitments. The studies also suggested that those involved in remote therapy found the technology accessible and easy to operate. Digital technologies could generally be relied upon and although there were some technical difficulties reported that these were generally not seen as a barrier to the use of remote technologies as a whole. Some limitations to using remote therapies were observed, such as the acceptability of remote therapy, particularly in the UK, and the willingness of practitioners to engage with digital technologies to facilitate remote therapy. There was also caution raised that the apparent cost effectiveness of delivering therapy remotely needs to be further investigated, particularly in relation to costs involved in enabling remote access technologies in locations where poor infrastructure exists.

Conclusions
Overall, studies reported largely positive outcomes for veterans undergoing remote access therapy and in general participants did not find the therapeutic process compromised by remote delivery. Studies showed that remote access therapy is being conducted successfully in both the US and UK. There is, however, a need for more research into the use of remote access therapies to treat a wider range of psychological difficulties in veterans.
Post-9/11 Veteran Satisfaction With the VA eScreening Program
Authors: Almklov Erin , Afari Niloofar , Floto Elizabeth , Lindamer Laurie , Hurst Samantha , Pittman James O E 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Introduction
eScreening is a mobile health technology resource for veterans and staff to support Veterans Health Administration initiatives such as early identification of health problems, shared decision-making, and measurement-based care.

Methods
We conducted an exploratory mixed methods retrospective study with newly enrolling post-9/11 veterans to (1) understand eScreening user experience and obtain practical feedback on the technology to guide improvements, (2) assess veteran satisfaction with eScreening following improvements to the technology, and (3) examine veteran characteristics associated with eScreening satisfaction. Focus group data were collected on user experience with eScreening from a sample of veterans who participated in an eScreening pilot. Guided by a user-centered design approach, findings informed improvements to the technology. Survey data were subsequently collected from a large cohort of veterans to assess satisfaction with the improved program. Questionnaire data were also collected to examine variables associated with eScreening satisfaction. Qualitative focus group data were analyzed using content analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize sociodemographic variables, questionnaires, and satisfaction ratings. Correlations were run to examine the relationship between certain veteran characteristics (eg, age, resiliency, anxiety, insomnia, post-traumatic stress disorder, somatic symptoms, depression, pain) and satisfaction with eScreening. All research activities were conducted at VA San Diego Healthcare System and approved by the Institutional Review Board.

Results
Focus group data revealed that veterans were largely satisfied with eScreening, but they suggested some improvements (eg, to interface functionality), which were integrated into an updated version of eScreening. Following these changes, survey data revealed that veterans were highly satisfied with eScreening, including its usability, information security, and impact on health services. There were statistically significant, though not clinically meaningful relationships between health-related characteristics and satisfaction with eScreening. However, millennials showed significantly higher satisfaction ratings compared with non-millennials.

Conclusions
These findings support the use of patient experiences and feedback to aide product development. In addition, post-9/11 veterans support the use of eScreening to assist health screening. However, evaluating the eScreening program in more diverse veteran groups and Veterans Affairs settings is needed to improve the generalizability of these findings to the larger veteran population.
Gravitational waves from in-spirals of compact objects in binary common-envelope evolution
Authors: Ginat Yonadav Barry , Glanz Hila , Perets Hagai B , Grishin Evgeni , Desjacques Vincent 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Detection of gravitational-wave (GW) sources enables the characterization of binary compact objects (COs) and of their in-spiral. However, other dissipative processes can affect the in-spiral. Here, we show that the in-spiral of COs through a gaseous common envelope (CE) arising from an evolved stellar companion produces a novel type of GW sources, whose evolution is dominated by the dissipative gas dynamical friction effects from the CE, rather than the GW emission itself. The evolution and properties of the GW signals differ from those of isolated gas-poor mergers significantly. We find characteristic strains of ∼10−23–10−21 ($10\, {\rm kpc}/{D}$) for such sources – observable by next-generation space-based GW detectors (at rates of once per a few centuries for LISA, and about once a year for BBO). The evolution of the GW signal can serve as a probe of the interior regions of the evolved star, and the final stages of CE evolution, otherwise inaccessible through other observational means. Moreover, such CE mergers are frequently followed by observable explosive electromagnetic counterparts and/or the formation of exotic stars.
The genome of Shaw’s sea snake (Hydrophis curtus) reveals secondary adaptation to its marine environment
Authors: Peng Changjun , Ren Jin-Long , Deng Cao , Jiang Dechun , Wang Jichao , Qu Jiangyong , Chang Jiang , Yan Chaochao , Jiang Ke , Murphy Robert W , Wu Dong-Dong , Li Jia-Tang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The transition of terrestrial snakes to marine life approximately 10 million years ago (Ma) is ideal for exploring adaptive evolution. Sea snakes possess phenotype specializations including laterally compressed bodies, paddle-shaped tails, valvular nostrils, cutaneous respiration, elongated lungs and salt glands yet knowledge on the genetic underpinnings of the transition remain limited. Herein, we report the first genome of Shaw’s sea snake (Hydrophis curtus) and use it to investigate sea snake secondary marine adaptation. A hybrid assembly strategy obtains a high quality genome. Gene family analyses date a pulsed coding-gene expansion to about 20 Ma, and these genes associate strongly with adaptations to marine environments. Analyses of selection pressure and convergent evolution discover the rapid evolution of protein-coding genes, and some convergent features. Additionally, 108 conserved non-coding elements appear to have evolved quickly, and these may underpin the phenotypic changes. Transposon elements may contribute to adaptive specializations by inserting into genomic regions around functionally related coding genes. The integration of genomic and transcriptomic analyses indicates independent origins and different components in sea snake and terrestrial snake venom; the venom gland of the sea snake harbours the highest PLA2 (17.23%) expression in selected elapids and these genes may organize tandemly in the genome. These analyses provide insights into the genetic mechanisms that underlay the secondary adaptation to marine and venom production of this sea snake.