bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Covert Spatial Attention Speeds Target Individuation
Authors: Foster Joshua J. , Bsales Emma M. , Awh Edward 
Published: February 2020

Covert spatial attention has long been thought to speed visual processing. Psychophysics studies have shown that target information accrues faster at attended locations than at unattended locations. However, with behavioral evidence alone, it is difficult to determine whether attention speeds visual processing of the target or subsequent postperceptual stages of processing (e.g., converting sensory responses into decision signals). Moreover, although many studies have shown that attention can boost theamplitudeof visually evoked neural responses, no robust effect has been observed on thelatencyof those neural responses. Here, we offer new evidence that may reconcile the neural and behavioral findings. We examined whether covert attention influenced the latency of the N2pc component, an electrophysiological marker of visual selection that has been linked with object individuation—the formation of an object representation that is distinct from the background and from other objects in the scene. To this end, we manipulated whether or not human observers (male and female) covertly attended the location of an impending search target. We found that the target evoked N2pc onset ∼20 ms earlier when the target location was cued than when it was not cued. In a second experiment, we provided a direct replication of this effect, confirming that the effect of attention on N2pc latency is robust. Thus, although attention may not speed the earliest stages of sensory processing, attention does speed the critical transition between raw sensory encoding and the formation of individuated object representations.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCovert spatial attention improves processing at attended locations. Past behavioral studies have shown that information about visual targets accrues faster at attended than at unattended locations. However, it has remained unclear whether attention speeds perceptual analysis or subsequent postperceptual stages of processing. Here, we present robust evidence that attention speeds the N2pc, an electrophysiological signal that indexes the formation of individuated object representations. Our findings show that attention speeds a relatively early stage of perceptual processing while also elucidating the specific perceptual process that is speeded.
On smooth approximation of probabilistic criteria in stochastic programming problems
Authors: Sobol Vitaliy , Torishnyi Roman 
Published: February 2020

In this paper we study one of the possible variants of smooth approximation of probability criteria in stochastic programming problems. The research is applied to the optimization problems of the probability function and the quantile function for the loss functional depending on the control vector and one-dimensional absolutely continuous random variable. In this paper we study one of the possible variants of smooth approximation of probability criteria in stochastic programming problems. The research is applied to the optimization problems of the probability function and the quantile function for the loss functional depending on the control vector and one-dimensional absolutely continuous random variable. The main idea of the approximation is to replace the discontinuous Heaviside function in the integral representation of the probability function with a smooth function having such properties as continuity, smoothness, and easily computable derivatives. An example of such a function is the distribution function of a random variable distributed according to the logistic law with zero mean and finite dispersion, which is a sigmoid. The value inversely proportional to the root of the variance is a parameter that provides the proximity of the original function and its approximation. This replacement allows us to obtain a smooth approximation of the probability function, and for this approximation derivatives by the control vector and by other parameters of the problem can be easily found. The article proves the convergence of the probability function approximation obtained by replacing the Heaviside function with the sigmoidal function to the original probability function, and the error estimate of such approximation is obtained. Next, approximate expressions for the derivatives of the probability function by the control vector and the parameter of the function are obtained, their convergence to the true derivatives is proved under a number of conditions for the loss functional. Using known relations between derivatives of probability functions and quantile functions, approximate expressions for derivatives of quantile function by control vector and by the level of probability are obtained. Examples are considered to demonstrate the possibility of applying the proposed estimates to the solution of stochastic programming problems with criteria in the form of a probability function and a quantile function, including in the case of a multidimensional random variable.
Unusual Advice to Prevent Burnout in Early Medical career
Authors: Rajput Vijay , Hutchinson Daniel , Mookerjee Anuradha Lele 
Published: February 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Burnout is known to be a chronic response to prolonged occupational stressors. Learners, faculty, and other health care professionals experience burnout since they often lack the emotional, physical, and mental means to overcome the demands of professional work, their careers and life in general. Furthermore, higher demand for patient care revenue, teaching, scholarship and research has increased the prevalence of psychological strain and burnout among physicians. Every health care professional need guidance when starting a new job and career after the training period. A medical student's goals differ from those of a post graduate trainee (resident or fellow) and a resident's current goals will differ from those of his or her first "real" job. This article will explore simple advice to young doctors who are embarking on their first job post residency training. It will explain the importance of valuable mentorship, how to become a regional expert and how to juggle responsibilities in the workplace and home. It highlights the importance of writing and journaling reflections and preparing for unexpected twists during a medical career and why all physicians should strive to make time for themselves and their hobbies. Inculcating these simple habits and attitudes can make the physician's job more rewarding and meaningful. Physicians following these tips and guidelines may find more fulfilment and meaning in their professional and personal lives leading to lesser burnout on the job.
Análise diagnóstica de potencialidades turísticas e impactos ambientais no sertão de Alagoas
Authors: Oliveira José Fábio , Lima Conceição Maria Dias de 
Published: February 2020

Resumo Esta pesquisa resulta de uma proposta de leitura de lugares usados e não usados pela prática do turismo no Sertão de Alagoas, considerando que a atividade turística compreende relevante aspecto junto ao discurso de desenvolvimento regional por parte do poder público e que acaba deixando de lado muitas vezes os impactos ambientais inerentes. Esta pesquisa se justifica pela necessidade de compreender o turismo como fenômeno importante para as mudanças recentes no Sertão de Alagoas, especialmente no município de Delmiro Gouveia, no tocante a infraestrutura turística, a estrutura organizacional, as dinâmicas e aos impactos ambientais relativos. Este trabalho pretende identificar os atrativos turísticos, os usos espaciais e os impactos ambientais relativos à atividade turística no município de Delmiro Gouveia, fazendo um comparativo entre um lugar turístico (Rio da Cruz) e um lugar não turístico (Rio São José).
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Turismo. Delmiro Gouveia. Sertão de Alagoas.
A questão indígena em contexto multidisciplinar
Authors: Silva Naesia Daiane dos Santos , Silva Flaviana dos Santos , Almeida Natália Bandeira de , Albuquerque Tereza Cristina Cavalcanti de 
Published: February 2020

RESUMO: Este artigo discute o projeto didático Raízes Indígenas de Alagoas que sob a perspectiva de uma formação baseada na Lei 11.645/08, a qual torna obrigatório o ensino da História e Cultura Afro-brasileira e Indígena incorporado ao currículo escolar, proporcionou o desenvolvimento de intervenções multidisciplinares em turma do Ensino Fundamental. O projeto foi realizado através do PIBID (Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência) por estudantes do curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal de Alagoas - Campus Arapiraca, em uma das escolas da rede municipal de Arapiraca no Estado de Alagoas com uma turma de 2° ano do Ensino Fundamental.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cultura Indígena. Formação de professores. Ensino fundamental.
Concepción y dinámica familiar: Análisis desde la percepción de un grupo de niños de cuatro años
Authors: Ortega Pacheco Yesid José , Hernández Bolívar Michael , Barrero Toncel Virginia Isabel 
Published: February 2020

Con el objetivo de conocer cuál es la percepción que tiene un grupo de niños y niñas de 4 años de edad sobre su familia en Colombia, se realizó un estudio cualitativo con diseño fenomenológico. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 35 sujetos de estudio pertenecientes a los estratos socioeconómicos 1 y 2 catalogados como bajos recursos que hacen parte del Sistema de Selección de Beneficiarios para Programas Sociales (SISBEN). La recolección de la información se hizo a través de la entrevista semiestructurada, así mismo se diseñaron 14 representaciones ilustrativas animadas con diferentes miembros posibles de una familia como técnica de estímulo visual. Los resultados muestran que el concepto de familia para los niños y niñas está basado en sus propias apreciaciones relacionadas con el estilo de apego y crianza que poseen. Por otra parte, se evidencia que la dinámica familiar es un factor precipitante para que estos elaboren construcciones positivas o negativas de su hogar y sus familiares.
Complejo Limb-Body Wall en el Hospital Universitario San Ignacio en Bogotá (Colombia). Reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Gómez Ana Milena , Olaya Mercedes 
Published: February 2020

Introducción: las alteraciones del cordón umbilical están asociadas con diversas complicaciones de la gestación a corto y a largo plazo, algunas con pocas probabilidades de sobrevida y relacionadas con lesiones fetales múltiples. El complejo Limb-Body Wall (LBWC), compuesto por defectos de la pared corporal lateral y anomalías por acortamiento de miembros, es una de tales complicaciones, cuyas aún discutidas etiologías, pobre pronóstico y posibilidad de recurrencia hacen que cobre importancia en el diagnóstico ecográfico, la atención neonatal y el abordaje de la autopsia.Objetivos: reportar un caso de LBWC y revisar la literatura publicada sobre su etiología, características clínicas y diagnóstico, en el contexto de las complicaciones asociadas con las alteraciones del cordón umbilical.Materiales y métodos: se presenta el caso clínico de una recién nacida de primer embarazo de madre adolescente quien consultó a una entidad de nivel referencia y alta complejidad, recién nacida que falleció a los pocos minutos de nacer; presentaba defecto de la pared abdominal, escoliosis y esbozo de miembro superior izquierdo, asociado con cordón umbilical de 6 cm. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura publicada en las bases de datos Medline vía PubMed, Ovid e Hinari.Conclusión: el LBWC se asocia con un índice importante de morbimortalidad y con la expresión de un cordón excesivamente corto; por tanto, cobra gran relevancia hacer un diagnóstico oportuno y brindar asesoría genética adecuada a las familias.
Iniencefalia: primer caso reportado en Colombia y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Saldarriaga-Gil Wilmar , Ruiz-Murcia Fabián Andrés , Isaza Carolina 
Published: February 2020

Introducción: la iniencefalia es un defecto del tubo neural, de baja frecuencia, del cual no hay valores de prevalencia establecidos. Esta patología se caracteriza por un ensanchamiento del foramen magno, raquisquisis y retroflexión marcada de la cabeza. El objetivo de este artículo es reportar un caso con los hallazgos clásicos de iniencefalia, y revisar la literatura.Materiales y métodos: se presenta el caso de un recién nacido de sexo femenino, producto de madre primigestante de 14 años, que consultó a institución de tercer nivel de complejidad, que atiende pacientes en su mayoría de la red pública del suroccidente colombiano, con ecografía prenatal que mostró feto con defecto a nivel de vértebras cervicales y torácicas. Al recién nacido se le realizó autopsia y radiografías, en los que se evidenciaron anomalías clásicas de iniencefalia. Se realiza búsqueda en las base de datos Medline vía PubMed por medio de la palabra claveiniencephaly.Conclusión: la importancia de este reporte radica en sumar a la literatura un nuevo caso de iniencefalia asociado con meningocele e hipoplasia de radio y ulna, adicionalmente es el primero reportado en Colombia.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN INTERAKTIF CIEWIE BATIK DALAM CUSTOMER ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Marsudi Marsudi 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini ingin menganalisis Strategi komunikasi pemasaran Interaktif Ciewie Batik dalam customerengagement. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan pemahaman tentang Strategi dan bentukbentukkomunikasi pemasaran Interaktif Ciewie Batik dalam melaksanakan bisnisnya. Penelitian inimenggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan studi melalui dokumentasi dan wawancara mendalamBerdasarkan hasil wawancara dan dokumentasi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Strategi komunikasi pemasaran Interaktif yang dipergunakan Ciewie Batik dalam melaksanakan rutinitas bisnisnya meliputi : memaksimalkan serta mengintensifkan akun Instagram Ciewie Batik, mengintegrasikan prosespelayanan pelanggan dengan aplikasi Android, mengintensifkan layanan keluhan dan pertanyaanpelanggan yang express, aktif dalam Fanpage Facebook, dan senantiasa update di website CiewieBatik termasuk aktif merekrut web-reseller.This research eagers to analyse Ciewie Batik Interactive Marketing Communication Strategy in customerengagement. This research intends to show the meaningful of Ciewie Batik Interactive MarketingCommunication Strategy in Business dealing. Research runs the qualitative descriptive method usingdocumentation study and indepth interview. According to documentation study and indepth interview,can be concluded that Ciewie Batik Interactive Marketing Communication Strategy in dealing Businessconsist of : maximizing and intensified the Ciewie Batik Instagram Account, integrating the servicingcustomer process with Android Application, intensified customer question and complaint expressly,active in Facebook fanpage, dan keep on updating Ciewie Batik website including actively hire webreseller.Kata kunci: Komunikasi Pemasaran, Social Information Processing Theory, Strategi Komunikasi Interaktif, Customer Engagement, Ciewie Batik
Vibiro vulnificus hemolysin associates with gangliosides.
Authors: KASHIMOTO Takashige , Sugiyama Hiroyuki , Kawamidori Keigo , Yamazaki Kohei , Kado Takehiro , Matsuda Kaho , Kodama Toshio , Mukai Takao , Ueno Shunji 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Vibrio vulnificus hemolysin (VVH) is a pore-forming toxin secreted by Vibrio vulnificus . Cellular cholesterol was believed to be the receptor for VVH, because cholesterol could bind to VVH and preincubation with cholesterol inhibited cytotoxicity. It has been reported that specific glycans such as N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and N-acetyl-D-lactosamine bind to VVH, however, it has not been known whether these glycans could inhibit the cytotoxicity of VVH without oligomer formation. Thus, to date, binding mechanisms of VVH to cellular membrane, including specific receptors have not been elucidated. Results: We show here that VVH associates with ganglioside GM1a, Fucosyl-GM1, GD1a, GT1c, and GD1b by glycan array. Among them, GM1a could pulldown VVH. Moreover, the GD1a inhibited the cytotoxicity of VVH without the formation of oligomers. Conclusion: This is the first report of a molecule able to inhibit the binding of VVH to target cells without oligomerization of VVH.
A novel carcinogenic PI3Kα mutation suggesting the role of helical domain in transmitting nSH2 regulatory signals to kinase domain
Authors: Ghalamkari Safoura , Alavi Shahryar , Mianesaz Hamidreza , Khosravian Farinaz , Bahreini Amir , Salehi Mansoor 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Mutations in PIK3CA, which encodes p110 subunit of PI3K class IA enzyme, are highly frequent in breast cancer. Here, we aimed to probe mutations in exon 9 of PIK3CA and computationally simulate their function. Method PCR/HRM and PCR/sequencing were used for mutation detection in 40 breast cancer specimens. The identified mutations were queried via in silico algorithms to check the pathogenicity. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were utilized to assess the function of mutant proteins. Result Three samples were found to harbor at least one of the E542K, E545K and L551Q mutations of which L511Q has not been reported previously. All mutations were confirmed to be pathogenic and MD simulations revealed their impact on protein function and regulation. The novel L551Q mutant dynamics was similar to that of previously found carcinogenic mutants, E542K and E545K. A functional role for the helical domain was also suggested by which the inhibitory signal of p85α is conducted to kinase domain via helical domain. Helical domain mutations lead to impairment of kinase domain allosteric regulation. Interestingly, our results show that p110α substrate binding pocket of helical domain in mutants may have differential affinity for enzyme substrates, including anit-p110α drugs. Conclusion The novel p110α L551Q mutation could has carcinogenic feature similar to previously known mutations.
The Influence of Job Satisfaction, Resilience and Work Engagement on Turnover Intention among Village Doctors in China：a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Xuewen , Bian Liyan , Bai Xue , Kong Dezhong , Liu Li , Chen Qing , Li Ningxiu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: As the gatekeepers of rural residents’ health, teams of village doctors play a vital role in improving rural residents’ health. However, the high turnover of village doctors – both individually and collectively – threaten the stability of village medical teams. This research evaluated the influence of job satisfaction, resilience , and work engagement on the turnover intention of village doctors, and explored the mediating role of resilience and work engagement between job satisfaction and the turnover intention of village doctors in China.
Methods: A quantitative study using a self-administered questionnaire containing mostly structured items was conducted among village doctors with a sample size of 2693 from 1345 rural clinics in Shandong province, China, during May and June 2019. All variables including demographic characteristics, job satisfaction, resilience, work engagement and turnover intention were based on available literature, and measured on a 5- or 6-point Likert scale. Such statistical methods as one-way ANOVA, bivariate correlation, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were used.
Results: As high as 46.9% of participants had a high turnover intention and no less than 26.3% of participants had a medium turnover intention. Job satisfaction not only has a direct negative effect on turnover intention(β=-0.37, p < 0.001), but also an indirect effect through work engagement(β= -0.04, p < 0.001), which has a direct negative impact on turnover intention (β= -0.13, p < 0.002) , and resilience had an indirect negative effect on turnover intention through the mediating effect of work engagement(β= -0.09, p < 0.001). The results of this study strongly verified that job satisfaction, resilience, and work engagement were early, powerful predicators of turnover intention.
Conclusion: According to the results, the following should be taken seriously to improve job satisfaction: reasonable and fair income, effective promotion mechanism, fair social old-age security, reasonable workload, and strong psychological coping mechanisms for work stress. The turnover intention of village doctors could be reduced through improving job satisfaction, resilience and work engagement.
Silencing of microRNA-210 inhibits the progression of liver cancer and Hepatitis B virus-associated liver cancer via targeting EGR3
Authors: Li Xiaojie , Yuan Mei , Song Lu , Wang Yan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: This study was aimed to investigate the regulatory role of microRNA-210 (miRNA-210) on the progression of liver cancer and Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated liver cancer.
Methods: The expression of miRNA-210 was detected in liver tissues of HBV-associated cirrhosis and liver cancer, and in HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells by qRT-PCR. MiRNA-210 was silenced in HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells by the transfection of miRNA-210 inhibitor. The cell viability and apoptosis was detected by MTT assay and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining, respectively. The protein expression of EGR3 was detected by Western blot. The regulatory relationship between EGR3 and miRNA-210 was predicted by TargetScan and identified by Dual luciferase reporter gene assay.
Results: MiRNA-210 was overexpressed in the liver tissues of HBV-associated cirrhosis and liver cancer, and in HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells ( P < 0.05). Silencing of miRNA-210 inhibited the viability and promoted the apoptosis of HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells ( P < 0.05). EGR3 was a target of miRNA-210, which was down-regulated in the liver tissues of HBV-associated cirrhosis and liver cancer, and in HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells ( P < 0.05). Silencing of miRNA-210 increased the mRNA and protein expression of EGR3 ( P < 0.05). Silencing of EGR3 reversed the anti-tumor effect of miRNA-210 inhibitor on HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells ( P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Silencing of miRNA-210 inhibits the progression of liver cancer and HBV-associated liver cancer via up-regulating EGR3.