bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual and quantitative assessment of HRCT pulmonary changes in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia with PFT correlation
Authors: Kolta Marian Fayek , Goneimy Mai Bahgat Ibrahim 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Our study was designed to correlate the degree of parenchymal affection in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia using visual and semi-quantitative HRCT assessment with pulmonary function test results.
The study involved 50 patients diagnosed as idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. They were referred from a chest outpatient clinic to the Radiology Department in the Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University for HRCT assessment in the period from January 2017 to March 2019. Variable lung parenchymal affection was studied using HRCT and variable post acquisition processing (multi-planar reconstruction, volumetric assessment, 3D color-coded images).

Results
Usual interstitial pneumonia was the most common type of IP, found in approximately 40 patients (80% of cases) followed by nonspecific interstitial pneumonia found in 5 patients (10% of cases) and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia found in 3 patients (6% of cases), and desquamative interstitial pneumonia was the least common type of IP, found only in 2 patients (4% of cases).
Honeycombing was significantly correlated with FVC%, FEV1%, and FEV1/FVC% (p = 0.013, p = <0.001, p = 0.002 respectively). Also, reticular was significantly correlated with FVC% (p = 0.041).

Conclusion
Semi-quantitative image analysis, including the use of machine learning, provides a great deal of promise in the ILD field; such methods may be used together with visual analysis to obtain the most accurate diagnostic and prognostic information.

Summary/keywords
HRCT is most sensitive in the detection of ILD than chest radiography or conventional chest computed tomography (CT). Advances in HRCT scanning and interpretation have facilitated and improved accuracy for use in diagnosing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), eliminating the need for a surgical biopsy in many patients. Consequently, HRCT scans became sufficient to allow a confident IPF diagnosis
It is important to note that there are potential differences in interpretation of HRCT patterns between thoracic radiologists. However, these differences seem to be in general within a clinically acceptable range of observer variation and can be partially mitigated by review of difficult cases at ILD referral centers.
Semi-quantitative CT assessment is increasingly being used in ILD to identify pulmonary abnormalities and diagnose specific ILDs; recent studies showed that outcomes of computer-assisted imaging can be correlated with lung function tests and degree of dyspnea and functional disability
This study was designed to correlate the degree of parenchymal affection in IP using visual and semi-quantitative HRCT assessment with PFT results. Semi-quantitative imaging, including color-coded images (HU related), is a new and promising approach in the field of ILD diagnosis and prognosis.
Long-Term Follow-Up and Treatment of a Female With Complete Estrogen Insensitivity
Authors: Brakta Soumia , Chorich Lynn P , Kim Hyung-Goo , Coons Laurel A , Katzenellenbogen John A , Hall Janet E , Korach Kenneth S , Layman Lawrence C 
Published: March 2020

AbstractContextWe previously reported the first female with a causative ESR1 gene variant, who exhibited absent puberty and high estrogens. At age 15 years, she presented with lower abdominal pain, absent breast development, primary amenorrhea, and multicystic ovaries. The natural history of complete estrogen insensitivity (CEI) in women is unknown.ObjectiveThe purpose of this report is to present the neuroendocrine phenotype of CEI, identify potential ligands, and determine the effect of targeted treatment.DesignWe have characterized gonadotropin pulsatility and followed this patient’s endocrine profile and bone density over 8 years. Seventy-five different compounds were tested for transactivation of the variant receptor. A personalized medicine approach was tailored to our patient.SettingAcademic medical center.Patient or Other ParticipantsA 24-year-old adopted white female with CEI.Intervention(s)The patient was treated with diethylstilbestrol (DES) for approximately 2.5 years.Main Outcome Measure(s)Induction of secondary sexual characteristics.ResultsLuteinizing hormone (LH) pulse studies demonstrated normal pulsatile LH secretion, elevated mean LH, and mildly elevated mean follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the presence of markedly increased estrogens. DES transactivated the variant ESR1 in vitro. However, DES treatment did not induce secondary sexual characteristics in our patient.ConclusionsTreatment with DES was not successful in our patient. She remains hypoestrogenic despite the presence of ovarian cysts with a hypoestrogenic vaginal smear, absent breast development, and low bone mineral mass. Findings suggest additional receptor mechanistic actions are required to elicit clinical hormone responses.
Revisiting the Population Genetics of Human Height
Authors: Rotwein Peter 
Published: March 2020

AbstractContextRecent advances in genetics and genomics present unique opportunities for enhancing knowledge of human physiology and disease susceptibility. An outstanding example of these new insights may be seen in the study of human height, of which it has been estimated that approximately 80% is genetically determined. Over the past decade, large-scale population analyses have led to the identification of novel variation in genes and loci individually associated with changes in adult height of as much as 2 cm.ObjectiveTo assess these same variants in the genomes of 213 158 individuals compiled by the Genome Aggregation Database (GnomAD) consortium, representing different population groups from around the world.ResultsThe majority of these height-changing alleles are substantially less prevalent in GnomAD than found previously in other cohorts, with 4 of 5 amino acid substitution variants with the largest impact on adult height being more frequent in the European population than in other groups.ConclusionsA larger-scale analysis of individuals from diverse backgrounds will be necessary to ensure a full and accurate understanding of the genetic underpinnings of human height throughout the world, and additional studies will be needed to discern the biochemical and molecular mechanisms governing the physiological processes that explain how these variant proteins might selectively impact the biology of the growth plate. Broader understanding of the genetics of height also should set the stage for more comprehensive investigation into the causes of prevalent polygenic human diseases.
Wnt ligands regulate the asymmetric divisions of neuronal progenitors in C. elegans embryos
Authors: Kaur Shilpa , Mélénec Pauline , Murgan Sabrina , Bordet Guillaume , Recouvreux Pierre , Lenne Pierre-François , Bertrand Vincent 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Wnt/β-catenin signalling has been implicated in the terminal asymmetric divisions of neuronal progenitors in vertebrates and invertebrates. However, the role of Wnt ligands in this process remains poorly characterized. Here, we used the terminal divisions of the embryonic neuronal progenitors in C. elegans to characterize the role of Wnt ligands during this process, focusing on a lineage that produces the cholinergic interneuron AIY. We observed that, during interphase, the neuronal progenitor is elongated along the anteroposterior axis, then divides along its major axis, generating an anterior and a posterior daughter with different fates. Using time-controlled perturbations, we show that three Wnt ligands, which are transcribed at higher levels at the posterior of the embryo, regulate the orientation of the neuronal progenitor and its asymmetric division. We also identify a role for a Wnt receptor (MOM-5) and a cortical transducer APC (APR-1), which are, respectively, enriched at the posterior and anterior poles of the neuronal progenitor. Our study establishes a role for Wnt ligands in the regulation of the shape and terminal asymmetric divisions of neuronal progenitors, and identifies downstream components.
PBX1 acts as terminal selector for olfactory bulb dopaminergic neurons
Authors: Remesal Laura , Roger-Baynat Isabel , Chirivella Laura , Maicas Miren , Brocal-Ruiz Rebeca , Pérez-Villalba Ana , Cucarella Carme , Casado Marta , Flames Nuria 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Neuronal specification is a protracted process that begins with the commitment of progenitor cells and culminates with the generation of mature neurons. Many transcription factors are continuously expressed during this process but it is presently unclear how these factors modify their targets as cells transition through different stages of specification. In olfactory bulb adult neurogenesis, the transcription factor PBX1 controls neurogenesis in progenitor cells and the survival of migrating neuroblasts. Here, we show that, at later differentiation stages, PBX1 also acts as a terminal selector for the dopaminergic neuron fate. PBX1 is also required for the morphological maturation of dopaminergic neurons and to repress alternative interneuron fates, findings that expand the known repertoire of terminal-selector actions. Finally, we reveal that the temporal diversification of PBX1 functions in neuronal specification is achieved, at least in part, through the dynamic regulation of alternative splicing. In Caenorhabditis elegans, PBX/CEH-20 also acts as a dopaminergic neuron terminal selector, which suggests an ancient role for PBX factors in the regulation of terminal differentiation of dopaminergic neurons.
Oriented basement membrane fibrils provide a memory for F-actin planar polarization via the Dystrophin-Dystroglycan complex during tissue elongation
Authors: Cerqueira Campos Fabiana , Dennis Cynthia , Alégot Hervé , Fritsch Cornelia , Isabella Adam , Pouchin Pierre , Bardot Olivier , Horne-Badovinac Sally , Mirouse Vincent 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
How extracellular matrix contributes to tissue morphogenesis is still an open question. In the Drosophila ovarian follicle, it has been proposed that after Fat2-dependent planar polarization of the follicle cell basal domain, oriented basement membrane (BM) fibrils and F-actin stress fibers constrain follicle growth, promoting its axial elongation. However, the relationship between BM fibrils and stress fibers and their respective impact on elongation are unclear. We found that Dystroglycan (Dg) and Dystrophin (Dys) are involved in BM fibril deposition. Moreover, they also orient stress fibers, by acting locally and in parallel to Fat2. Importantly, Dg-Dys complex-mediated cell-autonomous control of F-actin fiber orientation relies on the preceding BM fibril deposition, indicating two distinct but interdependent functions. Thus, the Dg-Dys complex works as a crucial organizer of the epithelial basal domain, regulating both F-actin and BM. Furthermore, BM fibrils act as a persistent cue for the orientation of stress fibers that are the main effector of elongation.
Evaluation of metal artefacts for two CBCT devices with a new dental arch phantom
Authors: Martins Luciano Augusto Cano , Queiroz Polyane Mazucatto , Nejaim Yuri , Vasconcelos Karla de Faria , Groppo Francisco Carlos , Haiter-Neto Francisco 
Published: March 2020

Objectives: To create a new phantom design to evaluate the real impact of artefacts caused by titanium on bone structures in cone beam CT images considering different positions and quantity of metals in the dental arch, with and without metal artefact reduction (MAR). Methods: A three cylindrical polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) plate phantom was designed containing eight perforations arranged to simulate the lower dental arch in the intermediate plate. Three titanium cylinders were positioned in different locations and quantities to test different clinical conditions and to quantify the impact of the metal artefact around five bone cylinders. Scans were carried out in seven different protocols (Control, A-F) in two cone beam CT devices (OP300 Maxio and Picasso Trio). Eight regions of interest around each cortical and trabecular bone were used to measure the grey value standard deviation corresponding the artefact expression in the Image J software. Both the artefact expression and the MAR effect were assessed using the Wilcoxon, Friedman (Dunn) and Kruskal–Wallis tests (significance level of 5%). Results: For both devices, MAR was statistically efficient only for the protocols E, and F. Protocol F (three metals on the adjacent area of the analysis region) showed higher artefact expression when compared to the others. Conclusion: In conclusion, the new phantom design allowed the quantification of the metal artefact expression caused by titanium. The metal artefact expression is higher when more metal objects are positioned in the adjacent bone structures. MAR may not be effective to reduce artefact expression on the adjacencies of those objects for the devices studied.
Somatotypes in skiing
Authors: Raschka Christoph 
Published: March 2020

Although the available studies on body types in ski sports are relatively sparse and rather old, there are clear indications that, especially in alpine skiing, top athletes have become stronger and heavier in the last three decades [43, 24]. According to Bahr and Tone [5] as well as Mildner et al. [19], the anthropo metric profile and the somatotype, in particular the extent of muscular develop ment in the lower extremities, are to be regarded as significant intrinsic risk factors for alpine skiing trauma [20].
Especially among men, the downhill racers tend to have a more pyknomorphhyperplastic constitution type or more mesomorph somatotype with longer trunk and shorter legs and higher BMI, while the slalom specialists tend to more leptomorphic values with longer legs and shorter trunk.
Assessing and treating adults with hearing loss in primary care
Authors: Kandasamy Banusa , Miane Ng Min Yan , Nash Robert 
Published: March 2020

Practice nurses have an important role in the recognition and treatment of individuals with hearing loss. In this article Banusa Kandasamy, Min Yan Miane Ng and Robert Nash present an approach to identify, examine and manage hearing loss of adults in primary care Hearing loss is a common presentation with potentially devastating implications on health and quality of life. Nurses, as frontline providers, have an important role in the recognition and treatment of individuals with hearing loss. In addition, waiting-list times and therefore cost of treatment may both be reduced with timely review and intervention by sharing the caseload in primary care. This article aims to present an approach to identify, examine and manage hearing loss of adults in primary care.
1  W, 10.1  µm, CdSe optical parametric oscillator with continuous-wave seed injection
Authors: Chen Yi , Liu Gaoyou , Yang Chao , Yao Baoquan , Wang Ruixue , Mi Shuyi , Yang Ke , Dai Tongyu , Duan Xiaoming , Ju Youlun 
Published: March 2020

We demonstrated a 2.1 µm nanosecond laser pumped, 2.6 µm continuous-wave (CW) seed injected, cadmium selenide (CdSe) signal singly resonant optical parametric oscillator (OPO). A maximum average power of 1.05 W was obtained corresponding to a pulse energy of 1.05 mJ at the idler wavelength of 10.1 µm and optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 4.69%, beam quality of

M
x
2

=

2.25

,

M
y
2

=

2.12

and pulse width of 24.4 ns. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to achieve 10–12 µm laser with watt-level average power using OPO technology.
Contemporary dance intervention in mild-tomoderate depression: A pilot study
Authors: Pohjola Hanna , Ratinen Maija K. , Hänninen Vilma , Kauhanen Jussi , Lehto Soili M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article describes a contemporary dance intervention among psychiatric outpatients with a diagnosis of mild-to-moderate depression. Five females participated in a pilot intervention, which was carried out twice a week over four consecutive weeks. During the intervention, the participants kept diaries about their personal experiences. The diaries were assessed using thematic content analysis. The dancing experience involved a combination of three elements: music, movement and creativity connected to the body. The qualitative findings were tentatively associated with positive mood over the short term. The participants experienced periods of relaxation, self-examination and elevated self-esteem during the session. Diary entries indicated that participating in contemporary dance may reduce mental anxiety and physical tension, and provide at least short-term symptomatic relief. Thus, participation in contemporary dance may be beneficial in the process of recovery from depression.
Slowing and Stilling: Gardening and Releasing
Authors: Hudson Polly 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article will share the early stages of a research project about gardening and dance/embodiment, one that examines ideas of practice, activities and art. It is fragile, and a disclosing of a process in a way that we do not normally share: so often our writing is after a project or piece of research or art is completed. I am curious about the gentleness and vulnerability of revealing the first phase of something, of asking questions that are ongoing and not yet answered. I am also aware of an expanding of focus in my own life and work from dance to gardening, with all of the in-betweenness, processes and connections of that.
On the maximum ABC index of bipartite graphs without pendent vertices
Authors: Shao Zehui , Wu Pu , Jiang Huiqin , Sheikholeslami S.M. , Wang Shaohui 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFor a simple graph G, the atom–bond connectivity index (ABC) of G is defined as ABC(G) = $\sum_{uv\in{}E(G)} \sqrt{\frac{d(u)+d(v)-2}{d(u)d(v)}},$where d(v) denotes the degree of vertex v of G. In this paper, we prove that for any bipartite graph G of order n ≥ 6, size 2n − 3 with δ(G) ≥ 2, $ABC(G)\leq{}\sqrt{2}(n-6)+2\sqrt{\frac{3(n-2)}{n-3}}+2,$and we characterize all extreme bipartite graphs.
Use of mathematical models and computer software for analysis of traffic noise
Authors: Fedorko Gabriel , Heinz David , Molnár Vieroslav , Brenner Tomáš 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Noise measurement and evaluation of the existing noise situation is carried out in the vicinity of selected roads to demonstrate the need for the design of anti-noise measures or to assess the effectiveness of the measures. The selection and number of measuring points, time and intervals, the road noise measurement procedure and the measuring instruments used shall be used in accordance with the provisions of the STN ISO 1996-1 and STN ISO 1996-2 standards. During the measurement, it is also necessary to determine the microclimatic conditions of measurement, such as temperature and relative humidity, wind direction and speed, barometric pressure, duration and intensity of precipitation at the measuring point. The determinant for the definition of road traffic noise is the equivalent sound level A or the equivalent sound level in the third octave bands over a given time interval. In specific cases, it is possible to determine the equivalent sound pressure level from individual vehicle transit.
On the classification of endomorphisms on infinite-dimensional vector spaces
Authors: Pablos Romo Fernando 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The aim of this work is to offer a new solution to the problem of the classification of endomorphisms with an annihilating polynomial on infinite-dimensional vector spaces. For these endomorphisms we provide a family of invariants that allows us to classify them when the group of automorphisms acts by conjugation. Moreover, the description of a new method to construct Jordan bases is given.
Research on Power Optimization Based on Adaptive Passive Optical Networks
Authors: Li Li , Hong-Jie Li 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
For the commercial wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON) with standard single-mode fiber SSMF-28 and 1:64 passive fiber branching at its far end (RN) and 100 GHz C-band continuous wavelength (CW) lasers, the maximum coverage and optimal transmission power of STM-16 and STM-64 with external modulators at different speeds and wave numbers (4λ, 8λ and 16λ) are obtained, respectively. The performance parameter of the high data rate WDM-PON system is analyzed with respect to a number of channels and reach. In order to improve the network utilization and receiving efficiency, the influence of different channels and transmission distances on the performance of high data rate WDM-PON system is analyzed. Simulation analysis with Optisystem15.0. The maximum transmission power required to achieve the maximum transmission distance under the condition of nonlinear constraints is obtained. In order to save power consumption, the configuration of each multi-band PON is optimized in terms of transmission power. It is found that WDM-PON system has to compromise between aggregated data rate and system reach. Future software defined access network reconfigure the access network depending on the dynamic demand and the resources available. Hence depending on the distance between the optical line terminal (OLT) and optical network unit (ONU) guaranteed data rate can be estimated. ONU is equipped with a tunable optical filter (TOF) hence future wavelength can be reconfigured by both service provider and user. It makes it possible for software to customize optical access network.
Hardy’s inequalities and integral operators on Herz-Morrey spaces
Authors: Yee Tat-Leung , Ho Kwok-Pun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We obtain some estimates for the operator norms of the dilation operators on Herz-Morrey spaces. These results give us the Hardy’s inequalities and the mapping properties of the integral operators on Herz-Morrey spaces. As applications of this general result, we have the boundedness of the Hadamard fractional integrals on Herz-Morrey spaces. We also obtain the Hilbert inequality on Herz-Morrey spaces.
Investigation of the fifth Hankel determinant for a family of functions with bounded turnings
Authors: Arif Muhammad , Ullah Inayat , Raza Mohsan , Zaprawa Paweł 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe main aim of this paper is to study the fifth Hankel determinant for the class of functions with bounded turnings. The results are also investigated for 2-fold symmetric and 4-fold symmetric functions.
Oscillation of second order half-linear neutral differential equations with weaker restrictions on shifted arguments
Authors: Fišnarová Simona , Mařík Robert 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Neutral differential equations are one of the most important extensions of classical ordinary differential equations and aim to give a better explanation for modeling phenomena where ordinary differential equations are insufficient. Naturally, all the questions studied in the scope of ordinary differential equations attracted the attention also for neutral differential equations. In this paper we study the oscillatory properties of second order half-linear neutral differential equations. We present oscillation criteria derived using a new approach. This approach allows us to reduce common restrictions on the deviations in arguments which are present in the currently known results of this type.