bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barley yellow dwarf virus-GAV-derived vsiRNAs are involved in the production of wheat leaf yellowing symptoms by targeting chlorophyll synthase
Authors: Shen Chuan , Wei Caiyan , Li Jingyuan , Zhang Xudong , Zhong Qinrong , Li Yue , Bai Bixin , Wu Yunfeng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Wheat yellow dwarf virus disease is infected by barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), which causes leaf yellowing and dwarfing symptoms in wheat, thereby posing a serious threat to China's food production. The infection of plant viruses can produce large numbers of vsiRNAs, which can target host transcripts and cause symptom development. However, few studies have been conducted to explore the role played by vsiRNAs in the interaction between BYDV-GAV and host wheat plants.

Methods
In this study, small RNA sequencing was conducted to profile vsiRNAs in BYDV-GAV-infected wheat plants. The putative targets of vsiRNAs were predicted by the bioinformatics software psRNATarget. RT-qPCR and VIGS were employed to identify the function of selected target transcripts. To confirm the interaction between vsiRNA and the target, 5′ RACE was performed to analyze the specific cleavage sites.

Results
From the sequencing data, we obtained a total of 11,384 detected vsiRNAs. The length distribution of these vsiRNAs was mostly 21 and 22 nt, and an A/U bias was observed at the 5′ terminus. We also observed that the production region of vsiRNAs had no strand polarity. The vsiRNAs were predicted to target 23,719 wheat transcripts. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated that these targets were mostly involved in cell components, catalytic activity and plant-pathogen interactions. The results of RT-qPCR analysis showed that most chloroplast-related genes were downregulated in BYDV-GAV-infected wheat plants. Silencing of a chlorophyll synthase gene caused leaf yellowing that was similar to the symptoms exhibited by BYDV-GAV-inoculated wheat plants. A vsiRNA from an overlapping region of BYDV-GAV MP and CP was observed to target chlorophyll synthase for gene silencing. Next, 5′ RACE validated that vsiRNA8856 could cleave the chlorophyll synthase transcript in a sequence-specific manner.

Conclusions
This report is the first to demonstrate that BYDV-GAV-derived vsiRNAs can target wheat transcripts for symptom development, and the results of this study help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf yellowing after viral infection.
Rapid point-of-care detection of SARS-CoV-2 using reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP)
Authors: Mautner Lena , Baillie Christin-Kirsty , Herold Heike Marie , Volkwein Wolfram , Guertler Patrick , Eberle Ute , Ackermann Nikolaus , Sing Andreas , Pavlovic Melanie , Goerlich Ottmar , Busch Ulrich , Wassill Lars , Huber Ingrid , Baiker Armin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Fast, reliable and easy to handle methods are required to facilitate urgently needed point-of-care testing (POCT) in the current coronavirus pandemic. Life-threatening severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread all over the world, infecting more than 33,500,000 people and killing over 1 million of them as of October 2020. Infected individuals without any symptoms might still transfer the virus to others underlining the extraordinary transmissibility of this new coronavirus. In order to identify early infections effectively, treat patients on time and control disease spreading, rapid, accurate and onsite testing methods are urgently required.

Results
Here we report the development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) based method to detect SARS-CoV-2 genes ORF8 and N directly from pharyngeal swab samples. The established reverse transcription LAMP (RT-LAMP) assay detects SARS-CoV-2 directly from pharyngeal swab samples without previous time-consuming and laborious RNA extraction. The assay is sensitive and highly specific for SARS-CoV-2 detection, showing no cross reactivity when tested on 20 other respiratory pathogens. The assay is 12 times faster and 10 times cheaper than routine reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction, depending on the assay used.

Conclusion
The fast and easy to handle RT-LAMP assay amplifying specifically the genomic regions ORF8 and N of SARS-CoV-2 is ideally suited for POCT at e.g. railway stations, airports or hospitals. Given the current pandemic situation, rapid, cost efficient and onsite methods like the here presented RT-LAMP assay are urgently needed to contain the viral spread.
Avoiding unnecessary hospitalisation for patients with chronic conditions: a systematic review of implementation determinants for hospital avoidance programmes
Authors: Sarkies Mitchell , Long Janet C. , Pomare Chiara , Wu Wendy , Clay-Williams Robyn , Nguyen Hoa Mi , Francis-Auton Emilie , Westbrook Johanna , Levesque Jean-Frédéric , Watson Diane E. , Braithwaite Jeffrey 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Studies of clinical effectiveness have demonstrated the many benefits of programmes that avoid unnecessary hospitalisations. Therefore, it is imperative to examine the factors influencing implementation of these programmes to ensure these benefits are realised across different healthcare contexts and settings. Numerous factors may act as determinants of implementation success or failure (facilitators and barriers), by either obstructing or enabling changes in healthcare delivery. Understanding the relationships between these determinants is needed to design and tailor strategies that integrate effective programmes into routine practice. Our aims were to describe the implementation determinants for hospital avoidance programmes for people with chronic conditions and the relationships between these determinants.

Methods
An electronic search of four databases was conducted from inception to October 2019, supplemented by snowballing for additional articles. Data were extracted using a structured data extraction tool and risk of bias assessed using the Hawker Tool. Thematic synthesis was undertaken to identify determinants of implementation success or failure for hospital avoidance programmes for people with chronic conditions, which were categorised according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The relationships between these determinants were also mapped.

Results
The initial search returned 3537 articles after duplicates were removed. After title and abstract screening, 123 articles underwent full-text review. Thirteen articles (14 studies) met the inclusion criteria. Thematic synthesis yielded 23 determinants of implementation across the five CFIR domains. ‘Availability of resources’, ‘compatibility and fit’, and ‘engagement of interprofessional team’ emerged as the most prominent determinants across the included studies. The most interconnected implementation determinants were the ‘compatibility and fit’ of interventions and ‘leadership influence’ factors.

Conclusions
Evidence is emerging for how chronic condition hospital avoidance programmes can be successfully implemented and scaled across different settings and contexts. This review provides a summary of key implementation determinants and their relationships. We propose a hypothesised causal loop diagram to represent the relationship between determinants within a complex adaptive system.

Trial registration
PROSPERO 162812
Galuteolin suppresses proliferation and inflammation in TNF-α-induced RA-FLS cells by activating HMOX1 to regulate IKKβ/NF-κB pathway
Authors: Guan Yin , Zhao Xiaoqian , Liu Weiwei , Wang Yue 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveGaluteolin (Galu) is a substance extracted and purified from honeysuckle. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of Galu on the TNF-α-induced RA-FLS cells (synoviocytes) and reveal its potential molecular mechanism from the perspectives of anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammation.MethodsAfter TNF-α stimulation, cell proliferation of RA-FLS was assessed by CCK-8 assay. TUNEL staining was used to detect the apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of Iκκβ, p-p65, p65, p-IκB, IκB, Cleaved-caspase3, Caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax. HO-1 were determined by RT-PCR. The contents of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and MMP-1 were determined by ELISA.ResultsGalu significantly suppressed cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, Galu obviously promotes cell apoptosis rate of RA-FLS cells and elevated the expression levels of HO-1, caspase-3, and Bax, while reducing the expression level of Bcl-2. Furthermore, Galu apparently inhibited the levels of Iκκβ, p-p65, and p-IκB. Moreover, Galu also significantly reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and MMP-1 in RA-FLS cells.ConclusionGaluteolin exerts protective effects against TNF-α-induced RA-FLS cells by inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation, which can guide the clinical use of rheumatoid arthritis.
Correlation of clinical signs and symptoms of Behçet’s disease with mean platelet volume (MPV) and red cell distribution width (RDW)
Authors: Masoumi Maryam , Shadmanfar Soraya , Davatchi Fereydoun , Shahram Farhad , Akhlagi Massoomeh , Faezi Tahereh , Kavosi Hoda , Moradi Soroush , Balasi Javad 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
A strong correlation was previously found between mean platelet volume (MPV), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), and the severity of signs and symptoms in patients suffering from inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The current study evaluated these correlations in patients with Behçet’s disease (BD) as well the relationship between MPV and RDW and disease activity score on the Iranian Behçet’s Disease Dynamic Activity Measurement (IBDDAM).

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 319 patients with BD for whom demographic and epidemiological data, IBDDAM scores, and duration of illness was recorded. Blood samples were then obtained and the relationships between their disease status and manifestations and their laboratory parameters were evaluated with statistical models to find possible correlations.

Results
Our analysis showed a significantly higher RDW in patients with BD who had ocular manifestations (p < 0.001) and oral aphthae (p = 0.004). Patients with active BD had higher RDW (p < 0.001) and MPV (p < 0.001) in comparison to those with currently inactive BD. Similarly, patients who had any type of ocular manifestation had higher RDW (p < 0.001) and MPV (p < 0.001). Regression analyses identified a statistically significant model for the effect of RDW and MPV in predicting active BD status (p < 0.001), as well as its significant relationship with active ocular manifestations (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
BD was found to be associated with an increase in MPV and RDW, particularly during active phases. RDW and MPV were also found to have predictive value for screening to detect BD activity and its ocular complications.
Efficacy of an online cognitive behavioral therapy program developed for healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: the REduction of STress (REST) study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Weiner Luisa , Berna Fabrice , Nourry Nathalie , Severac François , Vidailhet Pierre , Mengin Amaury C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
The acknowledgment of the mental health toll of the COVID-19 epidemic in healthcare workers has increased considerably as the disease evolved into a pandemic status. Indeed, high prevalence rates of depression, sleep disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been reported in Chinese healthcare workers during the epidemic peak. Symptoms of psychological distress are expected to be long-lasting and have a systemic impact on healthcare systems, warranting the need for evidence-based psychological treatments aiming at relieving immediate stress and preventing the onset of psychological disorders in this population. In the current COVID-19 context, internet-based interventions have the potential to circumvent the pitfalls of face-to-face formats and provide the flexibility required to facilitate accessibility to healthcare workers. Online cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in particular has proved to be effective in treating and preventing a number of stress-related disorders in populations other than healthcare workers. The aim of our randomized controlled trial study protocol is to evaluate the efficacy of the ‘My Health too’ CBT program—a program we have developed for healthcare workers facing the pandemic—on immediate perceived stress and on the emergence of psychiatric disorders at 3- and 6-month follow-up compared to an active control group (i.e., bibliotherapy).

Methods
Powered for superiority testing, this six-site open trial involves the random assignment of 120 healthcare workers with stress levels > 16 on the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) to either the 7-session online CBT program or bibliotherapy. The primary outcome is the decrease of PSS-10 scores at 8 weeks. Secondary outcomes include depression, insomnia, and PTSD symptoms; self-reported resilience and rumination; and credibility and satisfaction. Assessments are scheduled at pretreatment, mid-treatment (at 4 weeks), end of active treatment (at 8 weeks), and at 3-month and 6-month follow-up.

Discussion
This is the first study assessing the efficacy and the acceptability of a brief online CBT program specifically developed for healthcare workers. Given the potential short- and long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers’ mental health, but also on healthcare systems, our findings can significantly impact clinical practice and management of the ongoing, and probably long-lasting, health crisis.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04362358, registered on April 24, 2020.
Decidualization of an ovarian endometrioma complicated by a sigmoid fistula during pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Soule Hadiza Moutari , Jayi Sofia , Madi Tigani Guirema , Conte Alpha Boubacar , Alaoui Fatima Zohra Fdili , Chaara Hikmat , Melhouf Moulay Abdelilah 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
During pregnancy, the discovery of adnexal masses remains frequent. Such masses are mostly benign. Ovarian endometrioma is a rare etiology. The diagnosis may be difficult in some situations, such as decidualization. It may be asymptomatic or result in complications for which magnetic resonance imaging is needed.

Case presentation
We describe an unusual case of decidualization of an ovarian endometrioma complicated by a sigmoid fistula during a 7-week, 1-day pregnancy in a Arabic patient aged 38 years who developed acute pelvic pain with fever. She had a medical history of unexplored secondary dysmenorrhea. The diagnosis was suspected on the basis of magnetic resonance imaging findings. The management was based on surgery, during which exploration revealed a mass at the expense of the left ovary being very adherent and fistulized to the sigmoid. We performed adnexectomy followed by digestive ostomy. The result of pathological study with immunohistochemistry led to a diagnosis of decidualization of an ovarian endometrioma altered by infection.

Conclusion
Decidualization of an ovarian endometrioma can lead sometimes to unexpected complications. The decision to provide surgery must be made with caution without delaying treatment in the event of a deep suspicion of malignancy and/or complication. The particular and exceptional complication discovered in our patient is the fistulization to the sigmoid.
Production and composition of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated on Lithovit®-Amino25 supplemented spent substrate
Authors: Naim Layla , Alsanad Mohammed A. , Shaban Nidal , El Sebaaly Zeina , Abou Fayssal Sami , Sassine Youssef N. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSupplementation of the spent oyster substrate enhances its nutritional properties to produce a new mushroom cropping cycle. The study investigated the potential of a nano-fertilizer (Lithovit®-Amino25) with an admixture of 25%l-amino acids onPleurotus ostreatusproduction, proteins, and amino acid contents. The product applied at spawning (t1), after the first harvest (t2), and at both timings (t3), in two doses: 3 g/kg (C1) or 5 g/kg (C2). Compared with control (C0t0), the first harvest was earlier by 2.3–3.3 days in C1t1 and C2t1. The biological yield of the second harvest was improved by 28.0% in C2t2. Superior results were in C1t3 where the number of crops increased to four, biological efficiency was optimized (117.3%) at the third harvest, and biological and economic yields increased by 36.7% and 36.4%, respectively. Lignin was the most degraded in C1t3, while residual cellulose, hemicellulose, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were higher in all treated substrates than in control. In C2t1, mushrooms were the richest in proteins, while in C1t1, they were the richest in the essential amino acids threonine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, and histidine. Lithovit®-Amino25 has a high potential for use inP. ostreatusproduction.
Generalizations of Hermite–Hadamard like inequalities involving $\chi _{{\kappa }}$-Hilfer fractional integrals
Authors: Chu Yu-Ming , Awan Muhammad Uzair , Talib Sadia , Noor Muhammad Aslam , Noor Khalida Inayat 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to obtain a new κ-fractional analogue of Hermite–Hadamard’s inequality using the class of s-convex functions and $\chi _{{\kappa }}$

χ
κ

-Hilfer fractional integrals. In order to obtain other main results of the paper we derive two new fractional integral identities using the definitions of $\chi _{{\kappa }}$

χ
κ

-Hilfer fractional integrals. For the validity of these identities we also take some particular examples. Using these identities we then obtain some more new variants of Hermite–Hadamard’s inequality using s-convex functions.
Metabolic plasticity of IDH1-mutant glioma cell lines is responsible for low sensitivity to glutaminase inhibition
Authors: Ruiz-Rodado Victor , Lita Adrian , Dowdy Tyrone , Celiku Orieta , Saldana Alejandra Cavazos , Wang Herui , Yang Chun Zhang , Chari Raj , Li Aiguo , Zhang Wei , Song Hua , Zhang Meili , Ahn Susie , Davis Dionne , Chen Xiang , Zhuang Zhengping , Herold-Mende Christel , Walters Kylie J. , Gilbert Mark R. , Larion Mioara 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Targeting glutamine metabolism in cancer has become an increasingly vibrant area of research. Mutant IDH1 (IDH1mut) gliomas are considered good candidates for targeting this pathway because of the contribution of glutamine to their newly acquired function: synthesis of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG).

Methods
We have employed a combination of 13C tracers including glutamine and glucose for investigating the metabolism of patient-derived IDH1mut glioma cell lines through NMR and LC/MS. Additionally, genetic loss-of-function (in vitro and in vivo) approaches were performed to unravel the adaptability of these cell lines to the inhibition of glutaminase activity.

Results
We report the adaptability of IDH1mut cells’ metabolism to the inhibition of glutamine/glutamate pathway. The glutaminase inhibitor CB839 generated a decrease in the production of the downstream metabolites of glutamate, including those involved in the TCA cycle and 2HG. However, this effect on metabolism was not extended to viability; rather, our patient-derived IDH1mut cell lines display a metabolic plasticity that allows them to overcome glutaminase inhibition.

Conclusions
Major metabolic adaptations involved pathways that can generate glutamate by using alternative substrates from glutamine, such as alanine or aspartate. Indeed, asparagine synthetase was upregulated both in vivo and in vitro revealing a new potential therapeutic target for a combinatory approach with CB839 against IDH1mut gliomas.
Uncovering trend-based research insights on teaching and learning in big data
Authors: Park Young-Eun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlong with the big data era, digital transformation has had a transformative effect on modern education tremendously in higher education. It transforms an institutional core value of education to better meet students’ needs by leveraging big data and digital technology. Based on this background, this study attempts to catch the principal trends, or new directions, paradigms as predictors with an association of each topic by discovering the up-to-date research trends on teaching and learning in higher education via text mining techniques. For this, 285 research articles in the area of teaching and learning in higher education were collected from several big databases (distinguishable publishers’ web platforms) through search engines for 2 years in 2018–2019. Then it was analyzed using a semantic network analysis that processes natural human language. Consequently, research results show a relatively high connection with ‘student’ or ‘student-centered/led’ rather than ‘teacher-led.’ Moreover, it exhibits that the practice and assessment in learning can be attained via diverse learning activities, containing community or outreach activities. Besides, research in academic contexts, experience-based classes, the effect of group activities, how students’ feelings or perceptions, and relationships affect learning outcomes were addressed as the main topics through topic modeling of LDA, a machine learning algorithm. This study proposes that educators, researchers, and even academic leaders can exert extraordinary power to reshape educational quality programs for future education and in a timely manner with recognizable trends or agendas in teaching and learning of higher education.
Prevalence of Puccinia abrupta var. partheniicola and its impact on Parthenium hysterophorus in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Authors: Maharjan Seerjana , Devkota Anjana , Shrestha Bharat Babu , Baniya Chitra Bahadur , Rangaswamy Muniappan , Jha Pramod Kumar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Partheniumhysterophorus is a noxious invasive weed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, including Nepal. Among 11 species of biological control agents released to control P. hysterophorus in Ausrtalia, winter rust Puccina abrupta var. partheniicola arrived fortuitously and has established in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, nearly a decade back. However, the prevalence and effectiveness of this rust as a biological control agent in Kathmandu remain unknown. To address this knowledge gap, a roadside survey was done at an interval of 2 ± 0.25 km in Kathmandu Valley to assess the P. abrupta var. partheniicola incidence and its impacts on P. hysterophorus. Infested individuals of P. hysterophorus were further divided into four severity classes (very low, low, medium, and high), and rust incidence was calculated. The impact of the winter rust on the growth of P. hysterophorus was assessed by comparing biomass and seed output of infested and non-infested individuals.

Results
Among 81 locations where P. hysterophorus was present in the Kathmandu Valley, winter rust infestation was observed at 98% locations. At some locations within Kathmandu Valley such as Tinkune, Kirtipur, Chabahil, Buddha Chowk, and Dhobighat, the impacts of the rust on P. hysterophorus were medium to high. Aboveground biomass and seed output of P. hysterophorus were reduced by 47% and 73%, respectively, due to winter rust infestation. The study indicates that winter rust incidence is widespread in Kathmandu Valley with very low to high levels of damages to P. hysterophorus depending on the localities.

Conclusion
The rust has, therefore, a potential to reduce the growth performance of P. hysterophorus, and it can be used as a component of integrated management of P. hysterophorus by introducing to other suitable areas in Nepal.