bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluación clínica de ácido málico/xilitol en aerosol y ácido cítrico en aerosol para el tratamiento de la hiposalivación: ensayo clínico aleatorizado
Authors: Bastias José Tomás , Peragallo Sebastián , Vásquez Luciano 
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Evaluar la variación en el flujo salival en pacientes con xerostomía durante dos semanas del tratamiento con dos productos; un aerosol de ácido málico/xilitol y otro de ácido cítrico, en pacientes adultos. Materiales y Métodos: Ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado, farmacológico en fase II con triple ciego en 32 pacientes adultos. Tras la selección de pacientes con xerostomía, se ordenaron por severidad y fueron asignados en 2 grupos: (1) “aerosol de ácido málico/xilitol” y (2) “aerosol de ácido cítrico”. A cada paciente se le entregó uno de los fármacos e indicaciones de uso, y fueron medidos en 3 sesiones, antes y 5 minutos después de la aplicación del fármaco utilizando el Test de Schirmer Oral. Resultados: Para ambos grupos hubo un aumento de la Velocidad del flujo salival después de la aplicación del tratamiento. Podemos ver una diferencia del 47,3% entre la primera y la tercera sesión del grupo Ácido Málico/Xilitol, y de 28,43% para el grupo Ácido Cítrico. Los datos se distribuyen de forma normal y que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las medias de los deltas de velocidad de flujo entre los grupos en ninguna sesión. Conclusión: Existe un efecto de similar magnitud generado por el uso de aerosol de ácido málico/xilitol y el ácido cítrico en la secreción de saliva en pacientes adultos con hiposalivación.
Bruxismo em Crianças
Authors: Nor Jacques Eduardo , Gerson Feldens Eliane , Rigatto Witt Sandra Maria , Scherer Suzane Cristina , Horn Thomazi Thomaz , Araújo Martins Eleutério , Nunes Rejane , Borba Araújo Fernando 
Published: April 2020

O presente trabalho se destinou a revisar a literatura pertinente aos itens principais a respeito de:
1. Conceitos de bruxismo
2. Levantamentos epidemiológicos em crianças
3. Etiologia
4. Sinais e sintomas dos distúrbios funcionais de ATM e Músculos Mastigatórios
5. Exame e diagnóstico
5.1. Anamnese
5.2. Clínico
6. Das desordens de disfunção de ATM e músculos mastigatórios nas crianças
Potencial tóxico dos alginatos
Authors: Samuel Susana Werner , Miranda Letícia Algarves , Dutra Cláudia Augusta Vianna 
Published: April 2020

O alginato é um material de moldagem de uso comum na prática odontológica por ser barato, de fácil manipulação, boa capacidade de reprodução de detalhes e confortável para o paciente. Porém, alguns elementos potencialmente tóxicos como o Chumbo, podem fazer parte da sua composição constituindo fatores de risco ao paciente e/ou profissional.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar qualitativa e quantativamente a presença desses elementos em alguns pós de alginato disponíveis no mercado e utilizados na Faculdade de Odontologia da UFRGS. A análise foi realizada com o auxílio da Espectrofotometria de Absorção Atômica e os resultados mostraram que apenas duas marcas comerciais apresentam Chumbo, porém com valores inferiores a 0,004mg/g, sendo que o máximo permitido pelo B.S.I (British Standard Institute) é de 25 mg/g ou 250ppm. Quanto aos demais elementos, nenhum apareceu em níveis que excedessem os padrões de segurança biológica.
SISTEM PERTANAMAN ORGANIK “SOIL PONIK” MODEL HORIZONTAL MELALUI PENERAPAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR PADA TANAMAN SAWI (Brassica rapa L.)
Authors: Musdalifa Musdalifa , Umrah Umrah , Paserang Asri Pirade 
Published: April 2020

Liquid organic ferilizer is fertilizer produced from organic materials, such as weathering food scraps, animals and human organic waste that has been processed, can be solid or liquid. Liquid organic fertilizer contains carbon at 7,1% and a nitrogen content of 3,3%. This studi aims to determine the effect of the horizontal “soil organic” planting system through the application of mustard plants (B. rapa L.) and find out at what dosage the optimum liquid organic fertilizer for the of mustard plants. This studi was designed in a randomized block design with 11 treatments and 3 replication. Treatment arrangement: P0 (whitout fertilizer), P1 (1 mil liquid organic fertilizer), P2 (2 mil), P3 (3 mil), P4 (4 mil), P5 (5 mil), P6 (6 mil), P7 (7 mil), P8 (8 mil), P9 (9 mil) and P10 (10 mil). The result of the study showed the best growth for plant height in P2 with a value of 11,78, for the number of leaves in P2 with a value of 11,20, for the fresh weight of roots in P0 with a value of 2,45, for root dry weight at P6 with a value of 1,1, for plant wet weight in P5 with a value of 15.36 and for plant dry weight in P5 with a value of 1,65.
The Association of Energy and Macronutrient Intake at Dinner Versus Breakfast With Disease-Specific and All-Cause Mortality Among People With Diabetes: The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003–2014
Authors: Han Tianshu , Gao Jian , Wang Lihong , Li Chao , Qi Lu , Sun Changhao , Li Ying 
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE
This study aims to evaluate the association of energy and macronutrient intake at dinner versus breakfast with disease-specific and all-cause mortality in people with diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 4,699 people with diabetes who enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2003 to 2014 were recruited for this study. Energy and macronutrient intake was measured by a 24-h dietary recall. The differences (Δ) in energy and macronutrient intake between dinner and breakfast (Δ = dinner − breakfast) were categorized into quintiles. Death information was obtained from the National Death Index until 2015. Cox proportional hazards regression models were developed to evaluate the survival relationship between Δ and diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS
Among the 4,699 participants, 913 deaths, including 269 deaths due to diabetes and 314 deaths due to CVD, were documented. After adjustment for potential confounders, compared with participants in the lowest quintile of Δ in terms of total energy and protein, participants in the highest quintile were more likely to die due to diabetes (hazard ratio [HR]Δenergy 1.92, 99% CI 1.08–3.42; HRΔprotein 1.92, 99% CI 1.06–3.49) and CVD (HRΔenergy 1.69, 99% CI 1.02–2.80; HRΔprotein 1.96, 99% CI 1.14–3.39). The highest quintile of Δtotal fat was related to CVD mortality (HR 1.67, 99% CI 1.01–2.76). Isocalorically replacing 5% of total energy at dinner with breakfast was associated with 4% and 5% lower risk of diabetes (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94–0.98) and CVD (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.93–0.97) mortality, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Higher intake of energy, total fat, and protein from dinner than breakfast was associated with greater diabetes, CVD, and all-cause mortality in people with diabetes.
“Make A Match Model” for Improving the Understanding of Concepts and Student Learning Results
Authors: Juliani Ana , Mustadi Ali , Lisnawati Intan 
Published: April 2020

This study applies the “Make A Match model” to mathematics subjects, in increasing the ability to understand concepts and student learning outcomes in mathematics. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) and uses a Kemmis and Taggart model design with four stages, namely 1) Planning, 2) Action, 3) Observation, and 4) Reflection with a qualitative approach. This study uses 3 cycles, namely pre-cycle, cycle I and cycle II. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely: planning, action, observation, and reflection. This research was conducted at Yogyakarta PGRI University. The research subjects are second-semester students majoring in Elementary education (Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, hereafter called “PGSD”). The instrument used was a test that contained questions in the form of essays. Analysis of the data used is qualitative descriptive analysis. The results were obtained based on indicators of concept understanding, namely in the second cycle which increased including 1) students who were able to restate the concept from 62.50% in the pre-cycle to 76.38% in the second cycle, 2) students who were able to give examples 72.76% in the pre-cycle to 76.38% in the second cycle, 3) students who are able to present concepts in various representations from 70.86% in the pre-cycle to 85.34% in the second cycle, and 4) students who are able to associate internal or external Make A Match model from 70.69% pre-cycle to 76.38% in cycle II. It was concluded that the “Make A Match learning model” can improve students' understanding of concepts and learning outcomes in mathematics learning.
PENERAPAN KOLABORASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DIRECT INSTRUCTION DENGAN JIGSAW UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI PENGELOLAAN KARTU PIUTANG
Authors: Simbolon Marolop 
Published: May 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa pada materi Pengelolaan Kartu Piutang di kelas XI AKL SMK Negeri 1 Sidikalang melalui penerapan kolaborasi pembelajaran Direct Instruction dengan Jigsaw, mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada materi Pengelolaan Kartu Piutang di kelas XI AKL SMK Negeri 1 Sidikalang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Action Research). Penerapan model pembelajaran Direct Instruction dengan Jigsaw membuktikan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa, terlihat dari postest siklus I nilai rata-rata siswa 66,25 dan pada postes siklus II nilai rata-rata 76,66 maka nilai rata-rata mengalami peningkatan sebesar 10,41 poin. Dari persentase ketuntasan secara klasikal dapat dilihat bahwa pada siklus I terdapat 19,45 % siswa yang tuntas secara klasikal dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 88,89%. Jadi kriteria ketuntasan secara klasikal sebesar 85% telah terpenuhi. Dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Direct Instruction dengan Jigsaw pada siswa kelas XI AKL di SMK Negeri 1 Sidikalang T.P 2018/2019 menunjukkan peningkatan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa pada Materi Pengelolaan Kartu Piutang yang signifikan dari siklus I ke siklus II. Kata Kunci: kolaborasi, model pembelajaran, direct instruction, jigsaw, motivasi belajar, hasil belajar, pengelolaan kartu piutang. Abstract: This study aims to find out the increase in student learning motivation on the Material of Credit Card Management in class XI AKL Vocational High School 1 Sidikalang through the implementation of Direct Instruction learning collaboration with Jigsaw, find out the increase in student learning outcomes in the Material of Credit Card Management in Class XI AKL Vocational High School 1 Sidikalang. This research uses the Classroom Action Research (Action Research) method. The application of the Direct Instruction learning model with Jigsaw proves an increase in student learning outcomes, seen from the first post-test cycle the average value of students is 66.25 and in the post-second cycle the average value is 76.66 then the average value has increased by 10.41 points . From the percentage of completeness classically it can be seen that in cycle I there were 19.45% of students who finished classically and in cycle II it increased to 88.89%. So the classical completeness criteria of 85% has been met. By applying the Direct Instruction learning model with Jigsaw in class XI AKL students at Vocational High School 1 Sidikalang T.P 2018/2019 showed a significant increase in student motivation and learning outcomes in the Material Management of Receivable Cards from cycle I to cycle II. Keywords: collaboration, learning model, direct instruction, jigsaw, learning motivation, learning outcomes, credit card management.
The natural history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a large Mediterranean cohort
Authors: Parcharidou Despoina , Zegkos Thomas , Ntelios Dimitris , Panagiotidis Theofilos , Katranas Sotiris , Siskos Alexandros , Meditskou Soultana , Karvounis Haralampos , Efthimiadis Georgios 
Published: April 2020

Background
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) represents the most common inherited cardiomyopathy and it is characterized by phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity. The purpose of our study was to investigate the natural history of HCM in a large Mediterranean cohort and to identify predictors of outcomes.

Methods
The clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of 690 patients with HCM were examined. The predictors of mortality and sudden cardiac events were examined during a mean follow-up of 8.5 years.

Results
Asymmetrical hypertrophy was the most common among our cohort (82.9%) followed by apical hypertrophy pattern (13.6%). Atrial fibrillation was present in 22.3%, whereas nonsustained ventricular tachycardia occurred in 10.4% of the patients. During follow-up, a total of 7.4% of patients died. Specifically, 5.5% HCM patients died from cardiovascular causes, including 2.8% from heart failure and 2% from sudden death. Obstructive phenotype did not have any effect on mortality. Atrial fibrillation, ejection fraction and right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) were common independent predictors for overall and cardiovascular mortality. A total of 6.1% of HCM patients suffered sudden arrhythmic events and maximal wall thickness, ejection fraction, nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, syncopal episodes and, more importantly, the presence of an apical aneurysm were all independent risk factors.

Conclusion
HCM is a relatively benign cardiomyopathy in Greece, similarly to other countries. Apical hypertrophy pattern is more common in Greece than in the other European countries, whereas the presence of apical aneurysm is the most important risk factor for arrhythmic events on top of the established risk factors for sudden death.
On geometric polygroups
Authors: Arabpur F. , Jafarpour M. , Aminizadeh M. , Hoskova-Mayerova S. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a geodesic metric space called generalized Cayley graph (gCay(P,S)) on a finitely generated polygroup. We define a hyperaction of polygroup on gCayley graph and give some properties of this hyperaction. We show that gCayley graphs of a polygroup by two different generators are quasi-isometric. Finally, we express a connection between finitely generated polygroups and geodesic metric spaces.
On the generalized Hamming weights of certain Reed–Muller-type codes
Authors: González-Sarabia Manuel , Jaramillo Delio , Villarreal Rafael H. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
There is a nice combinatorial formula of P. Beelen and M. Datta for the r-th generalized Hamming weight of an a ne cartesian code. Using this combinatorial formula we give an easy to evaluate formula to compute the r-th generalized Hamming weight for a family of a ne cartesian codes. If 𝕏 is a set of projective points over a finite field we determine the basic parameters and the generalized Hamming weights of the Veronese type codes on 𝕏 and their dual codes in terms of the basic parameters and the generalized Hamming weights of the corresponding projective Reed–Muller-type codes on 𝕏 and their dual codes.
The Assessment of Three Measures (101, 103, 302) Under the National Plan of Agriculture and Rural Development of Kosovo
Authors: Krasniqi Nol , Nagy Henrietta 
Published: April 2020

Summary

Subject and purpose of work: Agriculture has historically been an important sector in Kosovo’s economy however the biggest challenges are migration, land fragmentation, and access to market and finance. Support from the Government of Kosovo for the agriculture and rural development sector is based on the ARDP 2007-13 and includes direct support measures that strongly correspond to Pillar I measures under CAP and rural development support measures similar to CAP Pillar II. The objective of this paper is to assess three measures (101,103,302) under the national plan of agriculture and rural development of Kosovo.

Materials and methods: Measure 101, “Investments in Physical Assets in Agricultural Holdings” fruit sector, grape sector. Measure 103, “Investments in physical assets concerning the processing and marketing of agricultural and fishery products”. Measure 302, “Farm Diversification and Business Development”.

Results: Results showed support is increased which directly affected new job creation however this should continue with increasing the budget as these measures affect the rural economy directly by creating jobs contributing to sustainable agriculture and reducing migration.

Conclusions: The most important measure in terms of budget allocation and number of projects implemented was Measure 101. The largest number of beneficiaries from measure 101 originated from the Prizren and Prishtine Region.
Low carbon emission baking performance of the bread roll and cake
Authors: Aunsary Md. Nazmul , Zahirul Islam A. M. , Hasan S M Nahid , Aldamar Marilyn B. , Aujero Cheska B. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Carbon emission is the biggest problem all over the world. The actualizing of low carbon emission in the bread kitchen and dessert shop segment permits the difference in its mechanical procedure through the improvement of an eco-proficient framework. This study was to line up bread and cake with fully completely different wheat quality, baking time, and temperature through low carbon emission. The prepared samples were chemically analyzed for wet content, ash content, compound content, and organoleptic. Among the four processed cake products based on each parameter tested organoleptically, cupcake products were the most preferable one. Bread products made with substitution of 50% have been received by consumer panelists. The results of this study were also in line with the research conducted by which resulted in a substitution of spinach flour substitution of up to 60% still acceptable by panelists. Sponge cake from flour can still be received by panelists with 50% substitution. 12% of moisture will help 5 days’ self-life without chemical preservatives. The oven is the largest of the three consumers and typically accounts for between 35% and 45% of the total site carbon emissions. The dark cake pan, which holds in more heat than light-colored baking pans and bakes our cake batter faster. Considering that the most significant dark non-stick pan was suggested for baking low carbon emission, it will be reducing the baking temperature by 25° F. Good practice opportunities can be delivered for various plant/equipment utility serving could deliver on average a 10% saving in total CO2 emissions for the sector. This would speak to a CO2 decrease of 57 000 ton CO2 / year over the world.
Kelimpahan Vegetasi dan Simpanan Biji Gulma pada Pertanaman Jagung Berbeda Sejarah Pola Tanam di Lahan Kering
Authors: Kefi Andreas , Guntoro Dwi , Santosa Edi 
Published: April 2020

Weed management is an important aspect in the dry land; however, weed resides in dry land like East Nusa Tenggara is rarely reported. The study aimed to evaluate weed species and its seed bank on maize fields from the different history of cropping patterns in order to develop effective weed control. The research was conducted in April-June 2019 at farmer fields at Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Weeds were evaluated from four maize fields experienced a different history of cropping pattern (L1, L2, L3, and L4), and its seed bank from the depth of 0-10, 11-20, 21-30, and 31-40 cm were evaluated using seedling emergence method. The evaluation revealed 13 species at which 4 species exclusively were found in vegetation analysis, 2 species in the seed bank and 7 species in both vegetation and seed bank analysis. Dominant weed at podzolic L2 and L3 that experienced fallow for two months was Chloris barbata, while without fallow of podzolic L1 and grumusol L4 were Digitaria adscendens and Mazus japonicus, respectively. Cropping history and soil depths affected weed density, but depths of 0-20 cm had the highest density irrespective preceding the cropping pattern. Research implies both vegetation and seed bank analysis should be addressed and integrated in weed management.
Keywords: dry land, fallow, weed management, East Nusa Tenggara, vegetation analysis
Peningkatan Keefektifan Bioherbisida Berbahan Dasar Umbi Teki dengan Surfaktan dalam Menekan Perkecambahann
Authors: Arsa Agung Jat Wibowo , Muhamad Achmad Chozin  , Adolf Pieter Lontoh  
Published: April 2020

Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menyatakan bahwa larutan tepung umbi teki berpotensi sebagai bioherbisida pratumbuh untuk mengendalikan gulma berdaun lebar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat konsentrasi larutan tepung umbi teki yang efektif, mendapatkan informasi jenis surfaktan yang efektif digunakan untuk campuran larutan tepung umbi teki dalam menghambat perkecambahan, dan mengetahui interaksi antara larutan dengan penambahan surfaktan terhadap perkecambahan. Percobaan dilakukan pada Februari-April 2019 di rumah kaca Kebun Percobaan Cikabayan IPB. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dua faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu perlakuan surfaktan yang terdiri dari A0 (tanpa surfaktan), A1 Tween 80, A2 Triethanolamin (TEA), dan A3 Nonylphenol 10 (NP10) pada konsentrasi 2%. Faktor kedua perlakuan konsentrasi larutan yaitu K0 (kontrol), K1 (45 g L-1), K2 (90 g L-1), dan K3 (135 g L-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa larutan tepung umbi teki berpengaruh nyata terhadap beberapa parameter perkecambahan. Selain menekan persentase benih yang berkecambah, larutan dapat menghambat kecepatan tumbuh dan meningkatkan persentase kecambah abnormal. Respon terhadap konsentrasi bersifat linier dan belum efektif menekan perkecambahan pada media tanah. Jenis surfaktan yang digunakan tidak nyata meningkatkan keefektifan bioherbisida. Tumbuhan berdaun lebar selada dan Asystasia gangetica lebih peka terhadap perlakuan dibandingkan dengan padi.
Kata kunci: alelopati, Asystasia gangetica, bioherbisida, Cyperus rotundus, pertanian berkelanjutan
Beneficial Effect of Silicon Application and Intermittent Irrigation on Improving Rice Productivity in Indonesia
Authors: Fatmah Siregar Adha , Ibrahim Adamy Sipahutar  , Husnain  , Masunaga Tsugiyuki 
Published: April 2020

It is believed that silicon (Si) application could increase rice production, however studies related to those topics are still limited. The study determined the combination effect of Si application and water management on rice growth and productivity. This study was conducted at the experimental station of Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Jakenan, Pati, Central Java at dry season. A split-plot in randomized complete block design with four replications was set. The main plots were different types of irrigation and subplots were Si fertilizer application. Results showed that the application of Si increased plant resistance on blast disease. This current result might be due to the increasing of Si concentration in leaves. IT water management significantly increased the yield compared to CF. IT increased root growth and gave an impact on increasing of plant growth and rice yield. Moreover, IT significantly increased Cu, Mn, and Zn concentration in rice grain. Combination of Si application with IT water management could increase rice plant productivity especially in area with water shortage.
Keywords: blast disease, lodging, rice productivity, silicon application, water management