bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Closed Reduction of Severely Angulation Rockwood and Wilkins’ Type C Thumb Metacarpal Base Fractures in Children
Authors: Qiao Fei , Jiang Fei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Management of severely angulation Rockwood and Wilkins’ type C(RW-C) thumb metacarpal base fractures in children is challenging. We report experiences of leverage reduction and dual antegrade crossing Kirschner wires (DACK-wires) fixation in these fractures, aiming to assess the results using our technique.Methods: From October 2011 to September 2015, 17 children with severely angulation RW-C thumb metacarpal base fractures were treated at our institute. All patients underwent percutaneous leverage reduction and DACK-wires fixation in an average surgery time of 20 minutes (range 12 ~ 32minutes). The injured arm was immobilized of a thumb-spica cast including the entire first ray for 4-6 weeks, evaluated clinically and radiologically. The Cannon scoring system were used to evaluate the results. Percutaneous leverage and DACK-wires fixation were performed for 17 patients. No patients were treated with open reduction. 16 patients were followed up for a mean of 30 months (range 12-41 months). Results: There were 9 girls and 7 boys with ages ranging from 7.5 to 14.0 years and an average age of 10.8 years. Percutaneous leverage reduction and DACK-wires were successfully used in an average total surgery time of 20 minutes (range 12 ~ 32 minutes). Bone union was achieved in all patients within a mean time of 4.2 weeks (range 4~6 weeks). The average angulation (pre-operation; 50.5° (range 40.8°–67.0°) vs post-operation: 5.0° (range 0.0°–7.0°) was significantly different(P<0.05). The clinical results were evaluated by the Cannon scoring system, and there were 15 excellent results and one good result. There were no refractures and no incidences of nonunion, growth arrest in the proximal epiphysis. Only one patient suffered from superficial infection which was resolved after removal of k-wires and oral antibiotics. Cosmetic results were described as good and satisfactory by all patients.Conclusion: Our percutaneous leverage technique with DACK-wires fixation can be successfully used to these fractures. This technique is simple to learn and minimally invasive, and the results are excellent.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Hand Surgeons and Pain Specialists in Diagnosing CRPS Based on the Budapest Criteria
Authors: Jänsch Pattariya , Asmus Ariane , Pappa-Eisenschenk Sofia , Eisenschenk Andreas , Miillrose Michael , Diehl Joscha , Kim Simon 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe clinical presentation of complex regional pain syndrome is heterogenous. The Budapest criteria give a list of symptoms and signs for the diagnosis. But the physician will often set the diagnosis clinically from the collection of symptoms and his or her experience. This study examines the accuracy of hand surgeons and pain specialists for diagnosing CRPS using the Budapest criteria as reference.MethodsWe included 124 patients of which 120 were diagnosed CRPS either by a clinician or by Budapest criteria. We analysed epidemiologic data, the number of patients with CRPS and mode of diagnosis and determined the CRPS severity score. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and predictive values were calculated for hand surgeon and pain specialist. The number of CRPS-NOS was determined. We calculated the agreement between hand surgeon and pain specialist for the diagnosis CRPS.ResultsThe Budapest criteria were met in 108 cases with a mean CSS of 10.41 points. Sensitivity of hand surgeons for the diagnosis CRPS was 92 %, specificity 31 % and accuracy 90 %. The pain specialists had a sensitivity of 74 %, specificity of 71 % and accuracy of 74 %. Prevalence of CRPS-NOS was 9 %. In cases where hand surgeon and pain specialist agreed on CRPS, the Budapest criteria were met in 96 %, in all other combinations they were met in around 70 %. The agreement of hand surgeon and pain specialist was fair.ConclusionThe Budapest criteria can support the diagnosis CRPS in clinically ambiguous cases as they were most often met in cases with agreement of both clinicians. Care must be taken not to miss patients with CRPS-NOS.Trial registrationThe study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00020348Universal Trial Number (UTN): U1111-1245-4109
A metabolic modeling approach reveals promising therapeutic targets and antiviral drugs to combat COVID-19
Authors: Santos-Beneit Fernando , Raškevičius Vytautas , Skeberdis Vytenis A. , Bordel Sergio 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this study we have developed a metabolic modeling approach to identify human metabolic enzymes which can be targeted for therapeutic intervention against COVID-19. A literature search was carried out in order to identify suitable inhibitors of these enzymes, which were confirmed by docking calculations. In total, 10 targets and 12 bioactive molecules have been predicted. Among the most promising molecules we identified Triacsin C, which inhibits ACSL3, and which has been shown to be very effective against different viruses, including positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. Similarly, we also identified the drug Celgosivir, which has been successfully tested in cells infected with different types of viruses such as Dengue, Zika, Hepatitis C and Influenza. Finally, other drugs targeting enzymes of lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism or protein palmitoylation (such as propylthiouracil, 2-bromopalmitate, lipofermata, tunicamycin, benzyl isothiocyanate, tipifarnib and lonafarnib) are also proposed.
proDA: Probabilistic Dropout Analysis for Identifying Differentially Abundant Proteins in Label-Free Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Ahlmann-Eltze Constantin , Anders Simon 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Protein mass spectrometry with label-free quantification (LFQ) is widely used for quantitative proteomics studies. Nevertheless, well-principled statistical inference procedures are still lacking, and most practitioners adopt methods from transcriptomics. These, however, cannot properly treat the principal complication of label-free proteomics, namely many non-randomly missing values.

We present proDA, a method to perform statistical tests for differential abundance of proteins. It models missing values in an intensity-dependent probabilistic manner. proDA is based on linear models and thus suitable for complex experimental designs, and boosts statistical power for small sample sizes by using variance moderation. We show that the currently widely used methods based on ad hoc imputation schemes can report excessive false positives, and that proDA not only overcomes this serious issue but also offers high sensitivity. Thus, proDA fills a crucial gap in the toolbox of quantitative proteomics.
D-dimer level elevation can aid in detection of asymptomatic COVID-19 presenting with acute cerebral infarction
Authors: Umemura Takeru , Kondo Hirohisa , Ohta Hirotsugu , Futatsuya Koichiro , Mizobe Takamitsu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mainly manifests as a respiratory syndrome, besides causing other complications. Severe COVID-19 may also present with coagulopathy, leading to venous thrombosis and cerebral infarction. Stroke is one of the complications associated with severe COVID-19. Generally, acute stroke is the second complication in patients with respiratory syndrome. Here, we present a case of COVID-19 in an 84-year-old female patient who did not manifest any respiratory symptoms; however, she presented with acute stroke. The patient had no cough or fever before the stroke onset, but the COVID-19 PCR was positive. The patient also had markedly elevated D-dimer levels. Our findings suggest that coagulopathy can occur, even in a patient with asymptomatic COVID-19 infection. To our knowledge, this is the first case of asymptomatic COVID-19 in a patient presenting with cerebral infarction. We concluded that elevation of D-dimer levels is one of the tools to ascertain COVID-19 infection in such patients.
A Case Report: Gitelman Syndrome or Bartter Syndrome?
Authors: WU YuanBin , Hu Jingjing , Wang Bo , Yang Dongxin , Zheng Han , Tan Qiqi , Su Haihao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Gitelman syndrome (GS) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited tubular disease which is caused by mutation in the SLC12A3 gene. It is characterized by hypokalemic alkalosis with hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria, and can cause serious complications such as arrhythmia, syncope, sudden death, etc. Bartter syndrome (BS) is similar to Gitelman syndrome in clinical and laboratory examinations. If lack of sufficient understanding of the disease, it is easy to cause misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Case presentation: A 6-year-old Chinese girl presented with history of hand and foot spasms and was diagnosed with hypokalemia. Although multiple symptomatic treatments of potassium supplementation was given, is the concentration of potassium was still at a low level. Gene analysis revealed that the presence of two heterozygous mutations, i.e. a missense mutation c.248G> A and a frameshift mutation c.2875_2876del, in the SLC12A3 gene.The child was diagnosed with Gitelman syndrome(GS) due to SLC12A3 compound heterozygous mutation. Through treatment, the level of ion metabolism in children remains stable. Conclusions: By reviewing its clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment ideas, we can help improve clinicians' understanding of children's GS.
Poly(I:c)-priming Improved the Therapeutic Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Experimental Colitis by Promoting the Expression of Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
Authors: Lim Ji-Young , Kim Byung-Su , Ryu Da-Bin , Kim Tae Woo , Park Gyeongsin , Min Chang-Ki 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic and excessive inflammation of the colon and small intestine. We previously reported that priming of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) with poly(I:C) induced them to express indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). We tried to find out whether the poly(I:C)-primed MSCs have better therapeutic efficacy on the experimental colitis in the IDO1-dependent manner. Methods:To compare the therapeutic effects between the naïve MSCs and primed MSCs on murine colitis, mice (C57BL6) were administered with 2.5% dextran sodium sulfatein drinking water for 5 days and injected with MSCs intraperitoneally on days 1 and 3 following DSS ingestion. The disease activity index score and body weight loss were significantly improved after injection of the primed MSCs. Results:Mice receiving the poly(I:C)-primed MSCs showed a reduced disease activity index and less weight loss. Colon tissue from the same mice presented attenuated pathological damage, increased Paneth cells, increased IDO1-expressing cells, and better proliferation of enterocytes. The primed MSC treatment upregulated the mRNA expression of intestinal stem cell markers (Lgr5, Olfm4, and Bmi1), enterocyte differentiation markers (Muc2, Alpi, Chga, and occludin), and regulatory T (Treg) cells (Foxp3). The same treatment decreased inflammatory cell infiltration to lymphoid organs and the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1) in colon tissue. Notably, in vivo pharmacologic inhibition of the IDO1 activity blocked the Foxp3 up-regulation in colon tissue and diminished the protective effects of the primed MSC. Conclusions: The priming of MSCs with poly(I:C) is a promising new strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of MSC and is worth further research.
Genetic relatedness of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli isolated from humans, chickens and poultry environments
Authors: Aworh Mabel Kamweli , Kwaga Jacob K. P. , Hendriksen Rene S. , Okolocha Emmanuel C. , Thakur Siddhartha 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents in animal production has led to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in foodborne pathogens. Transmission of AMR foodborne pathogens from reservoirs, particularly chickens to the human population do occur. Recently, we reported that occupational exposure was a risk factor for multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli (E. coli) among poultry-workers. Here we determined the prevalence and genetic relatedness among MDR E. coli isolated from poultry-workers, chickens, and poultry environments in Abuja, Nigeria. This study was conducted to address the gaps identified by the Nigerian AMR situation analysis.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among poultry-workers, chickens, and poultry farm/live bird market (LBM) environments. The isolates were tested phenotypically for their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, genotypically characterized using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and in silico multilocus sequence types (MLST). We conducted a phylogenetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) analysis to determine relatedness and clonality among the isolates.Results: A total of 115 (26.8%) out of 429 samples were positive for E. coli. Of these, 110 isolates were viable for phenotypic and genotypic characterization. The selection comprised 47 (42.7%) isolates from poultry-workers, 36 (32.7%) from chickens, and 27 (24.5%) from poultry-farm or LBM environments. Overall, 101 (91.8%) isolates were determined MDR conferring resistance to at least three drug classes. High frequency of resistance were observed for tetracycline (n = 102; 92.7%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (n = 93; 84.5%), streptomycin (n = 87; 79.1%) and ampicillin (n = 88; 80%). Two plasmid-mediated colistin genes – mcr-1.1 harboured on IncX4 plasmids were detected in environmental isolates. The most prevalent sequence types (ST) were ST-155 (n = 8), ST-48 (n = 8) and ST-10 (n = 6). Two isolates of human and environmental sources with a SNPs difference of 6161 originating from the same farm shared a novel ST. The isolates had similar AMR genes and plasmid replicons.Conclusion: MDR E.coli isolates were prevalent amongst poultry-workers, poultry, and the poultry farm/LBM environment. The emergence of MDR E. coli with novel ST in two isolates may be plasmid-mediated. Competent authorities should enforce AMR regulations to ensure prudent use of antimicrobials to limit the risk of transmission along the food chain.
Alarming increase of scrub typhus incidence in Yunnan province, southwest China, 2006--2017
Authors: Peng Peiying , Xu Lei , Wang Gu-Xian , Zhang Hui-Ying , Gong Lei , He Wen-Yuan , Yang Ben-Shou , Yan Ting-Liang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The bacteria Orientia tsutsugamushi is the causative agent of scrub typhus, mite-borne disease, which causes an acute febrile infectious illness in humans. An epidemiologic study was conducted to understand the characteristics of scrub typhus in Yunnan province and assist public health prevention and control measures. Methods: Based on the data on all cases reported in Yunnan from 2006 to 2017, we characterized the epidemiological features. Q-type cluster method of hierarchical cluster analysis was adopted to analyze the incidence of scrub typhus. Together with the results of clustering, geographical distribution of scrub typhus was described. Results: In total, 27,838 scrub typhus cases were reported in Yunnan during 2006-2017. Of these, 49.53% (13,787) were male and 50.47% (14,051) were female (P>0.05). Most patients were children aged 0-5 years (13.16%) (P<0.01) and farmers (68.41%) (P<0.05). An almost twenty-fold increase in the number of patients was observed in 2017 (6,337 cases) compared to 2006 (307 cases). Baoshan city and Lincang city had the most cases accounting for 41.94%, while Diqing prefecture had the lowest incidence (only 3 cases). The majority of confirmed cases occurred yearly in August with a high temperature and rains. Sixteen cities (prefectures) infected of Yunnan were classified into three groups numbered in sequence.Conclusion: The study results showed that the incidence of scrub typhus in Yunnan province is high and the annual incidence increased noticeably over time. Our results also indicate that surveillance and public education need to be focused on Baoshan City, Lincang City and Dehong Prefecture.
Calreticulin Promotes EMT in Pancreatic Cancer via Mediating Ca2+ Dependent Acute and Chronic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Authors: Sheng Weiwei , Wang Guosen , Tang Jingtong , Shi Xiaoyang , Cao Rongxian , Sun Jian , Lin YiHeng , Jia Chao , Chen Chuanping , Zhou Jianping , Dong Ming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Our previous study showed that calreticulin (CRT) promoted EGF-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer (PC) via Integrin/EGFR-ERK/MAPK signaling. We next investigated the novel signaling pathway and molecular mechanism involving the oncogenic role of CRT in PC development. Methods: We investigated the potential role and mechanism of CRT in regulating Ca2+ dependent acute and chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-induced EMT in PC in vitro and vivo.Results: Thapsigargin (TG) induced acute ERS via increasing intracellular free Ca2+ in PC cells, which was reversed by CRT silencing. Additionally, CRT silencing inhibited TG-induced EMT in vitro by reversing TG-induced changes of the key proteins in EMT signaling (ZO-1, E-cadherin and Slug) and ERK/MAPK signaling (pERK), and inhibiting TG-promoted cell invasion and migration. Meanwhile, CRT was coimmunoprecipitated with inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α, one of the key stressors in unfolded protein response) in vitro and its silencing led to the chronic ERS via upregulating IRE1α but independent of X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1). Moreover, CRT silencing inhibited IRE1α silencing-promoted EMT, including inhibiting the activation of EMT and ERK/MAPK signaling and the promotion of cell mobility. In addition, CRT silencing decreased subcutaneous tumor size and distant liver metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, a negative relationship between CRT and IRE1α was observed in vivo and in clinical PC samples, which coordinately promoted the advanced clinical stages and poor prognosis of PC patients. Conclusions: CRT promoted EMT in PC via mediating Ca2+ dependent TG-induced acute ERS and IRE1α-mediated chronic ERS via Slug and ERK/MAPK signaling.
Tocilizumab in treatment-naïve patients with Takayasu arteritis: TOCITAKA French prospective multicenter open-labelled trial
Authors: Mekinian Arsene , Saadoun David , Vicaut Eric , Thietart Sarah , Lioger Bertrand , Jego Patrick , Bleibtreu Alexandre , Limal Nicolas , Connault Jerome , Gottenberg Jacques-Eric , Lhorte Pauline , Bertola Jean , Delforge Juliette , Nathalie Ferreira-Maldent , Perlat Antoinette , Talib Zohra , Vautier Mathieu , Savey Lea , Quere Isabelle , Cacoub Patrice , Fain Olivier 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
ObjectivesTo assess long term efficacy of tocilizumab in treatment-naive patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAK).MethodsProspective open-labelled trial in naïve patients with TAK who received steroids at the dose of 0.7 mg/kg/day and 7 infusions of 8 mg/kg/month of tocilizumab. The primary endpoint was the number of patients which discontinued steroids after 7 infusions of tocilizumab. Secondary endpoints included disease activity and the number of relapses during an 18-month follow-up.ResultsThirteen patients with TAK were included, with a median age of 32 years [19-45] and 12 (92%) females. Six (54%) patients met the primary end-point. A significant decrease of disease activity was observed after 6 months of tocilizumab therapy: decrease of median NIH scale (3 [3-4] at baseline, versus 1 [0-2] after 6 months; p <0.001), ITAS-2010 score (5 [2-7] versus 3 [0-8]; p = 0.002), and ITAS-A score (7 [4-10] versus 4 [1-15]; p = 0.0001)]. During the 12 months follow-up after tocilizumab discontinuation, a relapse occurred among 5 patients (45%) out of 11 in which achieved remission after 6 months of tocilizumab.ConclusionTocilizumab seems an effective steroid sparing therapy in TAK but maintenance therapy is necessary.
Clinical, biochemical and molecular phenotype of congenital disorders of glycosylation: long-term follow-up
Authors: Bogdańska Anna , Lipiński Patryk , Szymańska-Rożek Paulina , Jezela-Stanek Aleksandra , Rokicki Dariusz , Socha Piotr , Tylki-Szymanska Anna 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) result from defects in the synthesis of glycans and the attachment of glycans to proteins and lipids. Our study aimed to describe the clinical, biochemical and molecular findings of CDG patients, and to present the long-term follow-up. Material and methods: A single-centre study (1995-2019 years) of patients with congenital disorders of N-glycosylation and combined N- and O-hypoglycosylation, diagnosed based on the serum transferrin (Tf) and apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) isoforms analysis, and confirmed molecularly, was performed. Results: Among 32 patients included into the study, 24 had type I Tf isoform profile, in 12 of them deficient PMM2 activity was detected. Three patients were diagnosed with ALG13-CDG; serum Tf isoform profile was normal in one of them, in one other was indicative for type I. Four patients had type II Tf isoform profile. The phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of 32 patients with CDG during long-term (in some cases over 20 years) observation was characterised and several measurements of serum Tf isoforms taken. Statistical analysis revealed strong negative correlation between Asialo-Tf and Tetrasialo-Tf, as well as between Disialo-Tf and Tetrasialo-Tf. Positive correlation was shown between Tetrasialo-Tf and Penasialo-Tf. Within type I CDG, no difference in % Tf isoforms was revealed between PMM2-CDG and non-PMM2-CDG patients. However, these two groups differed significantly in the such diagnostic features as: cerebellar ataxia, failure to thrive, hypothyroidism, pericardial effusion, cardiomyopathy, inverted nipples, prolonged INR. The effect of treatment with mannose in 2 patients with MPI-CDG were assesed and we found that % of Asialo-Tf, Monosialo-Tf, and Disialo-Tf was significanty lowered, whereas Tetrasialo- Tf and Pentasialo-Tf rose, coming closer or falling into the reference range. Conclusions: The novel finding was an abnormal Tf IEF pattern in two ALG13-CDG patients and normal in one ALG1-CDG patient. Clinical manifestation of presented CDG patients was similar to that reported in the literature. Mannose supplementation in MPI-CDG patients, as well as galactose supplementation in PGM-CDG patient improved patients’ clinical picture and Tf isoform profiles.