bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telecommunications, productivity and regional dependence: a comparative analysis between the Brazil, China and main developed regions in the post-reform period
Authors: Betarelli Admir Antonio , Faria Weslem Rodrigues , Montenegro Rosa Livia Gonçalves , Perobelli Fernando Salgueiro , Ribeiro Luiz Carlos de Santana 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In the last two decades, new technologies and the rapid growth of the telecommunications sector have changed production and trade relations in world economic systems. Regional dependence on the level of productivity, supply and demand of telecommunications has increased worldwide. Our study analyzes the changes in total factor productivity (TFP) of telecommunications and verifies its global and regional importance between 2000 and 2014. We apply the TFP decomposition and extraction technique in an input−output model. The main findings suggest improved efficiency has resulted in TFP gains in developed countries, whose variations were lower than those of Brazilian telecommunications, which exhibit a low capital−labor ratio. Moreover, global and regional dependence is more sensitive to supply than the demand for telecommunications. Although the main effects on the regional output are intraregional, the backward and forward effects denote a heavy regional reliance on US telecommunications and reciprocity between China and European countries. The increase in telecommunications influenced by national policies in countries with little emphasis on regional composition should generate minor marginal gains in PTF, even with the gain in productive efficiency. These policies are also expected to reduce the dependence on American and Chinese telecommunications.
Therapeutic Preferences for Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) Patients
Authors: MUSTAFA NASIR 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Modern researches have focused the attention towards the potential advantage of chloroquine, a broadly used antimalarial drug, in the treatment of patients infected by the novel appeared coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine has been frequently used in treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. Which is useful in controlling the cytokine storm that occurs late-phase in critically ill SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. The scientific community should consider this information in light of previous experiments with Chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine in the field of antiviral research. Methods: In the view of current situation efforts of international health professionals have since focused on rapid diagnosis and isolation of patients as well as the search for therapies able to counter the most severe effects of the disease. It is mandatory to investigate the possible effect of chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV-2. Since this molecule was previously described as a potent inhibitor of most coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-1. Preliminary trials of chloroquine repurposing in the treatment of COVID-19 in China have been encouraging, leading to several new trials. Here we discuss the possible mechanisms of chloroquine interference with the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle.Results: Chloroquine has been shown to be capable of inhibiting the in vitro replication of several coronaviruses. Recent publications support the hypothesis that chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine can improve the clinical outcome of patients infected by SARS-CoV-2.
Time series analysis of tuberculosis registration rates from 2007 to 2019 and prediction: could tuberculosis control milestones be achieved in 2020 and 2025 in Henan Province, China?
Authors: Zhang Yanqiu , Li Weibin , Jiang Jianguo , Zhang Guolong , Zhuang Yan , Xu Jiying , Shi Jie , Sun Dingyong , Li Xinxu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) End TB Strategy meant that compared with 2015 baseline, the reduction in pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) incidence rate should be 20% and 50% in 2020 and 2025, respectively. The incidence number of PTB in China accounted for 9% of the global total in 2018, which ranked the second high in the world. From 2007 to 2019, 854,672active PTB cases were registered and treated in Henan Province, China. We need to assess whether the WHO milestones could be achieved in Henan Province. Methods: The active PTB numbers in Henan Province from 2007 to2019, registered in Chinese Tuberculosis Information Management System (CTIMS) were analyzed to predict the active PTB registration rates in 2020 and 2025, which is conductive to early response measures to ensure the achievement of the WHO milestones. The time series model was created by monthly active PTB registration rates from 2007 to 2016, and the optimal model was verified by data from 2017 to 2019. Monthly and annual active PTB registration rates and 95% confidence interval (CI) from 2020 to 2025 were predicted. Results: High active PTB registration rates in March, April, May and June showed the seasonal variations. The exponential smoothing winter’s multiplication model was selected as the best-fitting model. The predicted values were approximately consistent with the observed ones from 2017 to 2019. The annual active PTB registration rates were predicted as 49.2 (95% CI: 36.0-62.5) and 34.3 (95% CI: 17.7-50.8) per 100 ,000 population in 2020 and 2025 , respectively. Compared with the active PTB registration rate in 2015, the reduction will reach 23.7% (95% CI: 3.1%-44.2%) and 46.9% (95% CI: 21.3%-72.5%) in 2020 and 2025, respectively. Conclusions: The high active PTB registration rates in spring and early summer indicates that high risk of tuberculosis infection in late autumn and winter in Henan Province. Without regard to the confidence interval, the first milestone of WHO End TB Strategy in 2020 will be achieved. However, the second milestone in 2025 will not be easily achieved unless there are early response measures in Henan Province, China. Trial registration: Not applicable
Bioinformatics approaches to understand the interactions between the SARS corona Virus (SARS-CoV19) with stranded drugs of anti-retro viral treatment, Influenza and Malaria.
Authors: Nanchari Santhoshi Rani , perugu Shyam 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is highly contagious disease caused by virus COVID19. The first case is reported in Wuhan, China, with rapid spreading all over the world and the rate of mortality is also high. SARS-CoV and another human coronavirus, HCoV-NL63 has large spike protein (S) on the virion surface mediates both cell attachment and membrane fusion with receptor sites present on host cell-surface zinc peptidase, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Methodology: In the present study, molecular docking studies have been carried out to assess the interaction between the novel corona virus protein COVID19 with stranded drugs used for influenza, anti-retro viral therapy and malaria drugs by using Accelerys discovery studio 2.5, followed by analysis of data. The present study will help to design the drugs against the corona virus and understand the mode of treatment for SARS. Results: All the four-protein receptor of COVID 19 proteins at particular amino acid position binds to the NH and H atom of anti-retro viral therapy drugs (Atazanavir, Doravirine, Emitricitabine, Entravirine, Raltegravir, Tenofavir Disproxil, and Zidovudin) and anti-malaria drug (Hydroxy chloroquine) with less hydrogen bond distance with maximum docking scores which indicates that these compounds can acts against the COVID19 virus. Gene mania network help to design the novel drugs and diagnosis. Conclusions: This is first report to show the molecular docking interaction between the COVID19 protein with stranded drugs of anti -viral treatment. anti-viral drugs Atazanavir, Doravirine, Emitricitabine, Entravirine, Raltegravir, Tenofavir Disproxil, and Zidovudin and malaria drug Hydroxy chloroquine has more strong binding with COVID19 protein receptors.
Probiotic Bifidobacterium Lactis V9 attenuates hepatic steatosis and inflammation in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Yan Yan , Liu Chunyan , Zhao Shimin , Wang Xinxu , Wang Jinling , Zhang Heping , Wang Yuzhen , Zhao Guofen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Both steatosis and inflammation are key pathological events in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Probiotics are beneficial in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis V9 (V9) is a newly isolated strain with favorable probiotic properties. The study aims to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of V9 on the hepatic steatosis and inflammatory responses in a rat model of NAFLD induced by high-fat diets (HFD). Our results showed that administration with V9 significantly attenuated HFD-induced increases in the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), accompanied by alleviated hepatic steatosis. V9 supplementation decreased the accumulation of hepatic triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acid (FFA), while increasing the levels of glycogen. The levels of serum glucose were also decreased in HFD rats administrated with V9. Meanwhile, the transcription of SREBP-1c and FAS was reduced and the hepatic expression of phosphorylated-AMPK and PPAR-α was restored by V9 administration. V9 suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) in HFD-fed rats. The anti-inflammatory effect of V9 was found to be associated with the inhibition of hepatic expression of TLR4, TLR9, NLRP3, and ASC mRNA. Furthermore, the activation of ERK, JNK, AKT and NF-κB was suppressed by V9 treatment. These results indicated that Bifidobacterium Lactis V9 improved NAFLD by regulating de novo lipid synthesis and suppressing inflammation through AMPK and TLR-NF-κB pathways, respectively.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of imported cases with COVID-19 infection: a multicentre study
Authors: Zhang Jinjun , Yang Shixiong , Xu Yi , Liu Jialiang , Guo Jinjun , Tian Sijia , Wang Shaoping , Liao Kai , Zhang Ying , Ma Yu , Chen Yuguo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective: Numerous cases of COVID-19 were confirmed in the world in succession. We reported the epidemiological and clinical features of 478 confirmed cases from a multicentre study outside of Wuhan, China. Methods : We collected patients who were transferred by Emergency Medical Service to the designated hospitals in four major cities including Beijing, Chongqing, Jinan and Nanning in China. We compared the characteristics between imported and indigenous cases, and calculated the fatality, and the rate of severe cases, mild and asymptomatic cases to generate the pyramid of COVID-19 infection. Results : The mean age of patients was 46.9 years old and 49.8% were male. The most common symptoms at the onset of illness were fever (69.7% ), cough (47.5%), fatigue (24.5%), dyspnea (8.4%) and headache (7.9%). In the study, most cases (313, 65.5%) were indigenous, while 165 (34.5%) were imported. During the early stage, the imported cases were dominant, which declined from Feb 1, when the indigenous cases rise sharply. Compared with the indigenous cases, the imported cases were significantly distinct concerning gender composition (P=0.002), classification of severity (P=0.006). Conclusions : On the basis of this study, we suggest that preventing import from outside and controlling spread inside should be a basic principle for resisting COVID-19 infection. If not, the region or area will face chaos.
Infant and young child feeding practices and nutritional status in two Health Zones of South Kivu, Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo: a community-based study.
Authors: Kambale Richard Mbusa , Ngaboyeka Gaylord Amani , Kasengi Joe Bwija , Niyitegeka Sarah , Cinkenye Boss Rutakaza , Baruti Armand , Mutuga Kizito Chentwali , Linden Dimitri Van der 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: In DRC, childhood undernutrition remains a serious public health concern. Internationally recommended infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices may improve child nutritional status. This study aimed to describe IYCF practices, factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding, and infant’s nutritional status. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study including 1,009 mother-infant pair was conducted in August 2019 in 32 health areas (16 in rural health zone and 16 in urban one) of South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), among mothers who had infants under 24 months of age. Infant’s nutritional status was assessed using WHO Anthro plus software. To describe IYCF practices, we used the indicators recommended by the WHO. To study the factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding practices, we performed univariable and multiple logistic regression analyzes. The data was analyzed in SPSS version 25. Results: The prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months of age was 73.7% and 42.2% respectively. Of the 746 infants aged 6–23.9 months, 246 (32.3%) received appropriate complementary feeding. Of the 997 infants who had valid anthropometric parameters, 416 (41.7%) were well-nourished, 374 (37.5%) were undernourished and 207 (20.8%) were overweight. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that residence in rural area [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 2.38 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.49, 3.78)], non-attendance at postnatal care (AOR 1.63; 95% CI 1.12, 2.96), low household socioeconomic (AOR 1.72; 95% CI 1.14, 2.59) and low maternal education (AOR 1.83; 95% CI 1.20, 2.77) were factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding. Mothers with inappropriate complementary feeding practices were 6.88 times more likely to have undernourished infants than their counterparts (AOR 6.88; 95% CI 1.24, 18.37). Conclusion: Findings from this study provide strong evidence, both of association between inappropriate complementary feeding and undernutrition, and of the double burden of malnutrition with the co-existence of under- and overnutrition in the infant population in South Kivu. Interventions should focus on both preventing undernutrition and overweight to promote child well-being.
The Financial Viability of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) Technology: A case of Sheep Feedlots
Authors: Wet Pieter-Steyn De , Lombard WA , bahta Yonas T. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Agriculture has been confronted with a wide range of challenges and sustainable solutions are required to fulfill the growing demands. Precision Agriculture Technology, such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is paving the way for agricultural producers to fulfill demands by allowing more precise input management. This study aimed to evaluate the financial viability of implementing RFID technology in a South African sheep feedlot. The data used in the study consist of a sample size of 508 sheep that was collected at a sheep feedlot situated in the Western Cape Province of South Africa who has incorporated an RFID system in their operation. The four techniques applied in this study to evaluate investment into such a system were the return on investment, simple payback period, internal rate of return and the net present value. Results show that it will not be worthwhile for sheep feedlots to invest in RFID systems if their only purpose is to identify non-performing lambs after a 14 day feeding period. If RFID data is made part of a feedlot strategic management the investment will be viable. This will allow for more strategic decisions to be made and ensure that feedlots can operate profitably and sustainably.
Global Shock in Economic Activities: COVID-19 Pandemonium
Authors: Nwokolo Chinenye Ifeoma , Ogbuagu Matthew Ikechukwu , Iwegbu Onyebuchi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The sudden outbreak of corona virus disease (COVID-19) all over the globe has continued to spread like a wild fire. The confirmed number of deaths was about 3, 400 as of March 7, 2020 but an exponential death increase has been recorded with the number of deaths jumping to a height of about 13,550 on March 22, 2020. The alarming level of spread poses challenge to leaders, economist and policy makers in the world and have distrust global workforce. The global economic implication of the pandemic has become detrimental to human, health, social, political and economic activities, among others which has resulted to global economic shock. Hence, countries have become nationalized and politics becoming nationalistic. Among suggested policy measure include: reduction of interest rates as low as the 2009 subprime crisis percentage point just to encourage investment and recovery in global activities, International health organizations should intensifying surveillance, outbreak readiness, biomedical counter-measures as preventive measures, massive education and enlightenment about the virus using all local dilates , its mode of transmission, and its health and socio-economic effects on the household and economy at large. For an effective implementation of these policy solution, maximum support is needed from all the stakeholders such as the governments, non-governmental organizations, health professionals, the media, communities, and the individuals at large.
Melatonin increases brown adipose tissue acute thermogenic capacity in rats measured by 18F-FDG PET
Authors: Halpern Bruno , Mancini Marcio C , Mendes Caroline , Machado Camila Maria Longo , Prando Silvana , Sapienza Marcelo Tatit , Buchpiguel Carlos Alberto , Amaral Fernanda Gaspar do , Cipolla-Neto José 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective Melatonin has been shown to increase brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass, which can lead to important metabolic effects, as bodyweight reduction and glycemic improvement. However, BAT mass can only be measured invasiveness, and the gold-standard for non-invasive measurement of BAT activity is positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-D-glucose ( 18 F-FDG PET). There is no study, to our knowledge that evaluated if melatonin influences BAT activity measured by this imaging technique. Methods Three experimental groups (control, pinealectomy, and pinealectomy replaced ith melatonin) performed 18 F-FDG PET in ambient temperature and after acute cold exposure. The ratio of increased BAT activity after cold exposure/ambient temperature was called “acute thermogenic capacity.” We also measured UCP-1 mRNA expression to correlate with 18 F-FDG PET results. Results Pinealectomy led to a reduced acute thermogenic capacity compared with the other groups, as well as a reduced UCP1 mRNA expression.Conclusion Melatonin deficiency apparently impairs BAT response to acute cold exposure. These results can lead to future studies of the influence of melatonin on BAT, in animals and humans, without the need for invasive evaluation of BAT.
The 2019 novel coronavirus disease with secondary ischemic stroke: two cases report
Authors: Fu Bin , Chen Yun , Li Ping 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : The 2019 novel coronavirus disease is an outbreak of respiratory illness first detected in Wuhan, China in the end of Dec, 2019. The older patients complicated with underlying diseases are reported more likely to have clinical symptoms. But its secondary lesion is rarely reported. Case presentation : We reported two cases of coronavirus infected pneumonia with acute ischemic stroke in patients at their middle-age. In both 2019 coronavirus diseases cases, neurological physical examination are normal before infection. Lymphocytopenia and high expression of cytokines and D-dimer were found from serum clinical laboratory test at admission. The tongue palsy, dysarthria and limb muscle weakness are initial manifestations in one week after 2019 novel coronavirus infection. The head CT and head/neck arterial CTA showed small-vessel occlusion. The patients were diagnosed with coronavirus diseases with secondary acute ischemic stroke. They were treated with tirofiban and followed up with daily aspirin and atorvastatin. Conclusion : The present cases suggest that secondary ischemic stroke, which mainly manifested as small-vessel occlusion, should be considered for coronavirus disease patients with prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Effect of past behavioral experience on intention to use cervical cancer screening services among women in resources poor settings of Ethiopia: applicability of theory of planned behavior
Authors: Abamecha Fira , Tena Atsede 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite; it’s effectively used to predicting the behavioral intentions of different health behaviors; the theory of planned behavior has been rarely tested in the context of low income countries. The current study has examined the effect of past behavioral experience on predictive applicability of theory of planned Behavior to intended use cervical cancer screening among women in resources poor settings. Methods: The study employed cross-sectional design enrolling 422 women visiting maternal and child health clinic. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The research was conducted under the framework of the theory of planned behavior to measure attitude, intention, perceived social and contextual influences. The SPSS version 21.0 was used to analyze the data. A hierarchal multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to estimate the predictive power of the theory. The adjusted R-square and standardized regression coefficient were used to interpret the variance and effects of predictors on intention to cervical cancer screening respectively. P-value less than 5% was used to indicate significant associations. Results: The theory of planned behavior has explained variance in intention to use cervical cancer screening by 23.5% (R 2 =0.235). The inclusion of socio-demographic factors and past behavioral experiences into the model improved the prediction to 34.6% (R 2 = 0.349) indicating;11.40% of the prediction was attributed by factors external to theory. Subjective norm and attitude accounted for the highest and least variances in intention with 12.4% (R 2 = 0.124, F= 64.41, p=0.001) and 5.1% (R 2 = 0.051, F= 22.38, P=0.001) respectively. The past behavioral experience of using cervical cancer screening was significantly accounted for very small variances in intention with; 1% (R 2 = 0.01, F= 4.11, p=0.043) Conclusion: The past behavioral experience has small significant positive effect on the prediction. Intention to use cervical cancer screening among women can fairly be predicted by the application of theory of planned behavior. The predictive power of the theory could be improved with the inclusion of external factors like socio-demographic characteristics and behavioral experiences into the theory. Considering these factors while designing TPB based researches and health behavior change interventions is recommended.
The genomic recombination events may reveal the evolution of coronavirus and the origination of 2019-nCoV
Authors: Zhu Zhenglin , Meng Kaiwen , Meng Geng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
To trace the evolution of coronavirus and reveal the possible origination of the novel pneumonia coronavirus (2019-nCoV), we collected and thoroughly analyzed 2966 publicly available coronavirus genomes, including 182 2019-nCoVs strains. We observed 3 independent recombination events with statistical significance between some isolates from bats and pangolins. In consistence with previous records, we also detected the putative recombination between Bat-CoV-RaTG13 and Pangolin-CoV-2019 covering the receptor bind domain (RBD) of the spike glycoprotein (S protein), which may lead to the origination of 2019-nCoV. Population genetic analyses give estimations indicating that the recombinant region around RBD is possibly undergoing directional evolution. This may result to the adaption of the virus to be infectious in hosts. Not surprisingly, we find that the S protein of coronavirus keeps high diversity among bat isolates, which may provide a genetic pool for the origination of 2019-nCoV.