bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melatonin Increases the Anticancer Potential of Doxorubicin in Caco-2 Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Jadid Mahdieh Farhoudi Sefidan , Aghaei Elnaz , Taheri Elham , Seyyedsani Nasrin , Chavoshi Reza , Abbasi Samane , Khorrami Afshin , Hajazimian Saba , Taefehshokr Sina , Isazadeh Alireza , Shanehbandi Dariush 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CC) is an important human malignancy with high cancer related death worldwide. The chemotherapy using doxorubicin hydrochloride is one of the most common cancer therapeutic methods. However, drug resistance lowers the treatment efficacy in CC patients. The combination therapies seem to be more promising by taking the advantage of synergistic effects. The present study aimed to evaluate a new strategy to enhance the anticancer activity of doxorubicin in Caco-2 CC cell line by co-administration of melatonin. The effects of doxorubicin, melatonin, and their combinations (Dox-Mel) were investigated on the proliferation and viability, morphological alterations, and tumor spheroid formation. Flow cytometry was employed to compare the apoptotic situation of the cells in study groups. Changes in metastatic potential of the cells were assessed by wound healing assay and trans-well migration assays. Moreover, expression of BAX, SMAC, BCL-2, SURVIVIN, MMP-2, and MMP-9 genes were evaluated by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. Our study showed that doxorubicin, melatonin, and Dox-Mel significantly decreased the proliferation and viability, tumor spheroid formation, invasion and migration. Furthermore, the changes were in a concentration and time dependent manner. There was an increase in apoptosis rate in the treatment groups. Expression of genes involved in apoptosis and cell motility were altered significantly. It was observed that anticancer activity of Dox-Mel combination was significantly more than doxorubicin and melatonin treatments alone. We showed an enhanced apoptotic and anticancer activity of doxorubicin and melatonin combination chemotherapy on CC cell line than doxorubicin or melatonin treatments alone. This combination could promote the treatment efficiency and alleviate the un-intended side effects by lowering the dose of doxorubicin prescription.
Global pattern of CD8+ T cell infiltration and exhaustion in colorectal cancer predicts cancer immunotherapy response
Authors: Tian Sun , Wang Fulong , Zhang Rongxin , Chen Gong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
MSI/MSS status does not fully explain cancer immunotherapy response in colorectal cancer. We used gene expression data of 454 samples (MSI=131, MSI-L=23, MSS=284, Unknown=16) and developed a method TMEPRE that models colorectal cancer specific signature of CD8+ T cell infiltration and CD8+ T cell exhaustion states. TMEPRE showed predictive power in three datasets of anti-PD1 treated patients(p=0.056, 0.115, 0.003). CD8+ T cell exhaustion component of TMEPRE model correlates with anti-PD1 responding progenitor exhausted CD8+ T cells in both tumor and viral infection(p=0.048, 0.001). Global pattern of TMEPRE on 454 colorectal cancer samples indicated that 10.6% of MSS patients and 67.2% of MSI patients show biological characters that can benefit from anti-PD1 treatment. Within MSI nonresponders, approximately 50% showed no sufficient amount of tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells and 50% showed terminal exhaustion of CD8+ T cells. These terminally exhausted CD8+ T cells coexisted with signature of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in colorectal cancer.
Regulation of Abnormal Expression of hsa_circRNA_0127523&nbsp;on Proliferation, Migration and Invasion and mRNA&nbsp;Expression of miR-515-5p&nbsp;in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wei Jianing , Wang Zekun , Gao Jiping , Liang Yuxiang , Xu Guoqiang , Wang Xiaotang , Xiao Lanfei , Yan Xiaoru , Song Guohua 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common cancer. Circular RNA (circRNA) play an important role in many biological processes of occurrence and development of cancers. However, the mechanism of circRNA in OSCC remains unclear. We successfully established a Chinese hamster oral squamous cell cancer animal model and discovered the differential expression of non-coding RNAs. In this study, we investigated the functional roles of a significantly up-regulated circRNA (hsa_circ_0127523) in OSCC. Methods: DMBA-induced malignant-transformed buccal sac tissue and normal tissue of Chinese hamster were analyzed by the second-generation circRNA sequencing. The top 8 different expression circRNAs in sequencing results were further confirmed by qRT-PCR. The RNAi, CCK-8, transwell migration and invasion assays were conducted to investigate the behavioral functions of hsa_circ_0127523 in OSCC cells. Results: In this study, we found total of 3485 circRNAs were differentially expressed. GO and KEGG analyses showed that differently expressed circRNAs function and pathway. The axis relationship of circRNA-miRNA was predicted by miRanda. Silencing hsa_circ_0127523 significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of OSCC cells. Furthermore, bioinformatics databases suggested that hsa_circ_0127523 might function by sponging miR-515-5p to regulate the expression of TRIP13. It was subsequently identified that hsa_circ_0127523 may inhibit miR-515-5p expression and increase TRIP13 expression in the OSCC cells. Conclusions: In summary, the results of the present study revealed that OSCC tissues have abundant circRNAs and we firstly explore the role of the hsa_circ_0127523 in the behavior regulation of OSCC cells. Its demonstrating that hsa_circ_0127523 may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target of OSCC.
Low-Frequency Tremors Immediately After the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake Detected by Near-Trench OBS Observations
Authors: Takahashi Hidenobu , Hino Ryota , Uchida Naoki , Matsuzawa Takanori , Ohta Yusaku , Suzuki Syuichi , Shinohara Masanao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We used temporal seismic observation using pop-up type ocean-bottom seismometers to detect a number of low-frequency tremors (LFTs) immediately after the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake in the northern periphery of its aftershock area. The near-field observation clearly distinguished LFTs from regular earthquakes based on their spectral shape in the frequency band of 1–4 Hz. In addition to the LFTs accompanied by known very low frequency earthquakes (VLFEs), more than 130 LFTs without known VLFE activity were detected during April–October, 2011. The newly detected LFTs were in the vicinity of a sequence of small repeating earthquakes indicating mixed distribution of LFTs and regular interplate earthquakes in the region. The LFTs and repeating earthquake activities show a periodicity of 60–100 days, which is similar to that of the LFT activity in the later period (2016–2018). This suggests that the LFT activity is modulated by sustained background aseismic slip events throughout the postseismic period of the 2011 mainshock.
Temporal Evolutions of N2+&nbsp;Meinel (1,2) Band Near 1.5 μm Associated with Aurora Breakup and their Effects on Mesopause Temperature Estimations from OH Meinel (3,1) Band
Authors: Nishiyama Takanori , Taguchi Makoto , Suzuki Hidehiko , Dalin Peter , Ogawa Yasunobu , Brändström Urban , Sakanoi Takeshi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We have carried out ground-based NIRAS (Near-InfraRed Aurora and airglow Spectrograph) observations at Syowa station, Antarctic (69.0°S, 39.6°E) and Kiruna (67.8°N, 20.4°E), Sweden for continuous measurements of hydroxyl (OH) rotational temperatures and a precise evaluation of aurora contaminations to OH Meinel (3,1) band. A total of 368-nights observations succeeded for two winter seasons, and three cases in which N+2 Meinel (1,2) band around 1.5 μm was significant were identified. Focusing on two specific cases, detailed spectral characteristics with high temporal resolutions of 30 seconds are presented. Intensities of N+2 band were estimated to be 228 kR and 217 kR just at the moment of the aurora breakup and arc intensifications during pseudo breakup, respectively. At a wavelength of P1(2) line (∼ 1523 nm), N+2 emissions were almost equal to or greater than the OH line intensity. On the other hand, at a wavelength of P1(4) line (∼ 1542 nm), the OH line was not seriously contaminated and still dominant to N+2 emissions. Furthermore, we evaluated N+2 (1,2) band effects on OH rotational temperature estimations quantitatively for the first time. Aurora contaminations from N+2 (1,2) band basically lead negative bias in OH rotational temperature estimated by line-pair-ratio method with P1(2) and P1(4) lines in OH (3,1) band. They possibly cause underestimations of OH rotational temperatures up to 40 K. In addition, N+2 (1,2) band contaminations were temporally limited to a moment around aurora breakup. This is consistent with proceeding studies reporting that enhancements of N+2 (1,2) band were observed associated with International Brightness Coefficient 2-3 auroras. It is also suggested that the contaminations would be neglected in polar cap and sub-aurora zone, where strong aurora intensifications are less observed. Further spectroscopic investigations at this wavelength are needed especially for more precise evaluations of to N+2 (1,2) band contaminations. For example, simultaneous 2-D imaging observation and spectroscopic measurement with high spectral resolutions for airglow in OH (3,1) band will make great advances in more robust temperature estimations.
Study on Cerebral White Matter Microstructural Integrity of Parents Who Lost Their Only Child
Authors: Wu Hui , Wang Yan , Xiao Jingsong , Tian Hongan , Xu Guobin , Wu Guangyao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background The parents who lost their only child and do not bear or adopt another child are known as Shidu parents in China. They have a higher risk of developing mental disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or depression. Evaluating the neurobiological mechanisms of the development of early emotional symptoms might provide an understanding of mental diseases in Shidu parents. Objective The present study aimed to investigate the microstructural integrity of white matter (WM) in Shidu parents without any diagnosis of mental illness based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Methods This study consisted of Shidu parents and well-matched healthy controls (HCs). No significant differences were detected with respect to the gender ratio, age, and education level. All participants underwent DTI sequence, tested by the symptom check-list 90 (SCL_90), to assess the psychological status. Also, a whole-brain tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) approach was used to examine the microstructural integrity of WM tracts in each participant. Results Compared to HCs, the Shidu group showed reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) in the left uncinate fasciculus (UF), superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and increased radial diffusion (RD) and mean diffusion (MD) in the same WM regions. In the Shidu group, the FA value in the left UF were significantly correlated with SCL_90 subscale scores, including anxiety, depression, and interpersonal sensitivity (all p<0.005), while a negative correlation was established between FA values in the left UF and traumatic time (p=0.024). Furthermore, Shidu women had reduced FA in the left UF while the Shidu men had reduced FA in the left SLF.Conclusions The WM integrity in Shidu parents is disrupted even without PTSD and depression, and such microstructural changes varied with gender, which might be associated with the gender differences in emotion regulation strategies. Importantly, the compromised integrity of left UF might contribute to the emotion dysregulation in Shidu parents, leading to a range of emotional symptoms, thereby partially explaining why these parents are more prone to various mental disorders than HCs.
Determining the Optimal Dose of 18F-FDG for Hodgkin lymphoma Imaging on PET/CT Camera with BGO Crystals
Authors: Dziuk Mirosław , Witkowska-Patena Ewa , Giżewska Agnieszka , Mazurek Andrzej , Pieczonka Anna , Koza Magdalena , Gerszewska Marina , Podgajny Zbigniew , Chojnowska Marta 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to find the minimum feasible dose of fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) of Hodgkin lymphoma patients performed on a camera with bismuth germanate (BGO) crystals.Methods: Ninety-one 18F-FDG PET/CT scans with decreasing time per bed position (2 min, 1.5 min, 1 min, 50 sec, 40 sec, 30 sec and 20 sec) were assessed to evaluate image quality. Mean administered dose was 3.0±0.1 MBq/kg and mean uptake time was 54.0±8.7 min. The series quality was subjectively marked in 1-10 scale and then ranked 1-7 based on the mean mark. Interobserver rank correlation and intraclass correlation within each series were calculated. Phantom studies were also performed to determine if reduced acquisition time can be directly translated into a reduced dose. Results: We show the longer the time of acquisition the higher the mark and rank. The interobserver agreement in ranking was 100% with kappa coefficient of 1.00 (95% CI [0.83-1.0]). The general intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.945 (95% CI [0,936-0,952]). Only the series with 2 min and 1.5 min acquisition time were appropriate for assessment (mean mark ≥7). In phantom studies there was a linear correlation between time per bed, administered activity and number of total prompts detected by a scanner. Hence, reduction of acquisition time of 25% (from 2 min to 1.5 min) could be directly translated into a 25% dose reduction (from 3.0 to 2.25 MBq/kg).Conclusions: In patients with HL, 18F-FDG dose can be reduced by up to 25% when using a BGO crystal camera, without substantial impact on image quality.
COVID-19 Life Events Spill-Over on Family Functioning and Adolescent Adjustment
Authors: Hussong Andrea , Midgette Allegra , Richards Adrianna , Petrie Rachel , Coffman Jennifer , Thomas Taylor 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this longitudinal study, we examined parent and youth perceptions of how life events, both positive and negative, associated with the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in changes in family functioning as well as youth functioning. We tested both direct effects of parent- and youth-reported negative and positive events as well as indirect or spillover effects that have their effects on parent functioning and marital relationships. Families (n=101 parent-youth dyads, 80% European American, 48% boys, and 87% mothers) completed surveys during the pandemic (May to July 2020) and 1.5 years prior. We conducted multivariate path analyses predicting residualized change in family and youth functioning. According to child-report of family functioning, open family communication, parent-child relationship quality and family satisfaction all decreased during this time, although no changes were found in parent-report of family functioning. Several forms of parent-reported negative life events and child-reports of school-related stress during the pandemic predicted changes in family functioning. Moreover, positive life events predicted child reports of family functioning directly and evidence for spill-over effects of parent-reported positive life events on family functioning were also found. In addition, the receipt of social support by parents during the pandemic protected against decrements in family functioning and, indirectly, increases in child symptomatology. School-related stress also predicted increases in child-reported symptomatology. Moreover, several aspects of family functioning pre-pandemic impacted the extent to which parents and children experienced both positive and negative life events during the pandemic. The current findings thus shed light on how experiences of the pandemic are linked with family functioning and have implications for how to support families during this time.
Role Of Two-Component Signal Transduction Systems In Antimicrobial Resistance Of Gram-Negative Pathogens
Authors: Raczkowska Adrianna , Jaworska Karolina , Wyrożemski Łukasz , Brzostek Katarzyna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Two-component signal transduction systems composed of histidine sensor kinase and response regulator are involved in adaptive response of pathogenic bacteria to environmental signals by regulating gene expression involved in many physiological processes, bacterial virulence, and antibiotic resistance (antibacterial compounds). Antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria is one of the most important public health problems worldwide. The paper describes a signal transduction mechanism based on phosphotransfer, functioning in two-component systems and the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance governed by these systems. Several signal transduction pathways associated with resistance to antibacterial compounds and functioning in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Aeromonas, Salmonella and Yersinia spp. have been characterized (PhoP-PhoQ, PmrA-PmrB, ParR-ParS, CzcR-CzcS, CopR-CopS, PprB-PprA, CbrB-CbrA, BlrA-BlrB and OmpR-EnvZ systems). Their role in modifying the bacterial cell surface, limiting the inflow or increasing the drug efflux from the cell, producing antibiotic-degrading enzymes or the biofilm formation is presented.
1. Introduction. 2. Mechanism of action of two-component regulatory systems. 2.1. Histidine sensor kinases. 2.2. Response regulators. 2.3. Signal transduction in two-component systems. 3. Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance controlled by two-component signal transduction systems. 3.1. Cell surface modification. 3.2. Regulation of drug inflow and outflow. 3.3. Regulation of the level of enzymes modifying/inactivating antibiotics. 3.4. Other alternative forms of resistance. 4. Characteristics of two-component signal transduction systems modulating resistance to antibacterial compounds in selected Gram-negative bacteria. 4.1. PhoP-PhoQ and PmrA-PmrB systems. 4.2. ParR-ParS system. 4.3. CzcR-CzcS and CopR-CopS systems. 4.4. PprB-PprA system. 4.5. CbrB-CbrA system. 4.6. BlrA-BlrB system. 4.7. OmpR-EnvZ system. 5. Summary
THE INFLUENCE OF MILK-CLOTTING ENZYMES ON THE FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF PIZZA-CHEESES
Authors: Myagkonosov D. S. , Mordvinova V. A. , Delitskaya I. N. , Abramov D. V. , Ovchinnikova E. G. 
Published: October 2020

The effect of the type and dose of milk-clotting enzymes (Chy-max® M based on recombinant camel chymosin, Fromase® TL based on Rhizomucor miehei protease) on the physicochemical, functional properties and shelf life of pizza-cheeses was studied. When using a low dose of milk-clotting enzymes (MCE) for milk coagulation (250–1100 IMCU per 100 kg of milk), cheeses were obtained with an increased moisture content (55–57%), excessive acidity (pH 4.8–4.9) and texture defects (incoherent, crumbly, with separation of free moisture). This is due to the formation of a weak curd, which releases moisture poorly during processing. The use of an increased dose of MCE makes it possible to obtain a denser curd, better releasing moisture. Cheese produced with a high dose of milk-clotting enzymes (2000–2800 IMCU per 100 kg of milk) had a lower moisture content (52–53%) and lower acidity (pH 5.0–5.1). The protein matrix is more hydrated in these cheeses, which ensures its better water holding capacity and a more homogeneous and cohesive texture. The use of an increased dose of MCE with a high total proteolytic activity (Fromase) gives undesirable consequences in the form of accelerated proteolysis of cheese mass proteins, rapid loss of functional properties of the cheese, and a decrease in the shelf life of cheese (less than 60 days). Cheese production using an increased dose of MCE with a low level of total proteolytic activity (Chy-max M) allows achieving a low level of proteolysis during cheese ripening and increasing its shelf life.
Effect of Biodegradable and Polypropylene Film Packaging on the Safety Profile of Jelly Marmalade
Authors: Pesterev Mikhail , Rudenko Oxana , Kondratev Nikolay , Bazhenova Alla , Usachev Ivan 
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Waste management and poorly degradable polymer packaging are one of the main environmental issues. Biodegradable materials based on a composition of native and modified starches can solve the problem of polymer waste in food packaging. They are environmentally friendly and harmless during decomposition. However, the barrier properties of biodegradable films still remain understudied.
Study objects and methods. The research featured the safety profile of gelatinous confectionery products during storage in biodegradable and polypropylene films. It focused on moisture transfer and microbiota growth in glazed jelly marmalade. The first sample was wrapped in oriented polypropylene film (40 microns), while the other sample was packaged in a biodegradable film (50 microns). A set of experiments was conducted to measure the mass fraction of moisture, water activity, fatty acid composition of the fat fraction of the glaze, active acidity, microbiological parameters, and lipase activity during storage.
Results and discussion. The activity of water during storage remained the same. The specific rate of moisture transfer for the polypropylene film sample was approximately 1.4 times higher than for the biodegradable sample. It equaled 1.16×10–6 g/m2·s for the polypropylene film sample and 0.83×10–6 g/m2·s for the biodegradable sample. The dynamics of growth of QMAFAnM, mold, and yeast was the same in both samples; it did not exceed the regulated indicators of microbiological safety after 12 weeks of storage. The lipase activity of the glazed marmalade samples packed in the polymer film did not increase during storage. Replacing the polypropylene film with a biodegradable film did not significantly affect the safety profile of confectionery products.
Conclusion. Research results confirmed the possibility of using a biodegradable film for packaging confectionery products.
RESPONSE OF HYPOTHYROIDISM TO HOMEOPATHIC TREATMENT: A REPORT OF THREE CASES
Authors: DOGRA SOUMYABRATA , MANDAL PRATIMA 
Published: October 2020

Objectives:Hypothyroidism is a disease in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone.It is the second most common endocrine disorder among women.Common causes are autoimmune disease such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, surgical removal of the thyroid and radiation therapy.Symptoms of Hypothyroidism include weight gain, alteration in cognition, fatigue, infertility and menstrual abnormalities.Thyroid stimulating hormone is highly sensitive to thyroid dysfunction and is used to evaluate thyroid disorders.Monotherapy with Levothyroxine is the standard for treating hypothyroidism in the conventional method.Apart from coventional method of treatment homoeopathy also has a scope in the treatment of hypothyroidism.
Methods: This is a series of three cases which presented with symptoms of Hypothyroidism thoroughly evaluated and treated with constitutional homoeopathic medicine in a variable period of time.Assesment of thyroid stimulating hormone was done to see the improvement in the cases .
Results: A marked improvement in the clinical symptoms as well as the pathological report was observed.
Conclusion: This case series shows that Homoeopathic intervention can be used in the treatment of Hypothyroidism.