bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic comorbidity between major depression and cardio‐metabolic traits, stratified by age at onset of major depression
Authors: Hagenaars Saskia P. , Coleman Jonathan R. I. , Choi Shing Wan , Gaspar Héléna , Adams Mark J. , Howard David M. , Hodgson Karen , Traylor Matthew , Air Tracy M. , Andlauer Till F. M. , Arolt Volker , Baune Bernhard T. , Binder Elisabeth B. , Blackwood Douglas H. R. , Boomsma Dorret I. , Campbell Archie , Cearns Micah , Czamara Darina , Dannlowski Udo , Domschke Katharina , de Geus Eco J. C. , Hamilton Steven P. , Hayward Caroline , Hickie Ian B. , Hottenga Jouke Jan , Ising Marcus , Jones Ian , Jones Lisa , Kutalik Zoltan , Lucae Susanne , Martin Nicholas G. , Milaneschi Yuri , Mueller‐Myhsok Bertram , Owen Michael J. , Padmanabhan Sandosh , Penninx Brenda W. J. H. , Pistis Giorgio , Porteous David J. , Preisig Martin , Ripke Stephan , Shyn Stanley I. , Sullivan Patrick F. , Whitfield John B. , Wray Naomi R. , McIntosh Andrew M. , Deary Ian J. , Breen Gerome , Lewis Cathryn M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIt is imperative to understand the specific and shared etiologies of major depression and cardio‐metabolic disease, as both traits are frequently comorbid and each represents a major burden to society. This study examined whether there is a genetic association between major depression and cardio‐metabolic traits and if this association is stratified by age at onset for major depression. Polygenic risk scores analysis and linkage disequilibrium score regression was performed to examine whether differences in shared genetic etiology exist between depression case control status (Ncases = 40,940,Ncontrols = 67,532), earlier (N= 15,844), and later onset depression (N= 15,800) with body mass index, coronary artery disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes in 11 data sets from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Generation Scotland, and UK Biobank. All cardio‐metabolic polygenic risk scores were associated with depression status. Significant genetic correlations were found between depression and body mass index, coronary artery disease, and type 2 diabetes. Higher polygenic risk for body mass index, coronary artery disease, and type 2 diabetes was associated with both early and later onset depression, while higher polygenic risk for stroke was associated with later onset depression only. Significant genetic correlations were found between body mass index and later onset depression, and between coronary artery disease and both early and late onset depression. The phenotypic associations between major depression and cardio‐metabolic traits may partly reflect their overlapping genetic etiology irrespective of the age depression first presents.
The human–primate interface in the New Normal: Challenges and opportunities for primatologists in the COVID‐19 era and beyond
Authors: Lappan Susan , Malaivijitnond Suchinda , Radhakrishna Sindhu , Riley Erin P. , Ruppert Nadine 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe emergence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in late 2019 and human responses to the resulting COVID‐19 pandemic in early 2020 have rapidly changed many aspects of human behavior, including our interactions with wildlife. In this commentary, we identify challenges and opportunities at human–primate interfaces in light of COVID‐19, focusing on examples from Asia, and make recommendations for researchers working with wild primates to reduce zoonosis risk and leverage research opportunities. First, we briefly review the evidence for zoonotic origins of SARS‐CoV‐2 and discuss risks of zoonosis at the human–primate interface. We then identify challenges that the pandemic has caused for primates, including reduced nutrition, increased intraspecific competition, and increased poaching risk, as well as challenges facing primatologists, including lost research opportunities. Subsequently, we highlight opportunities arising from pandemic‐related lockdowns and public health messaging, including opportunities to reduce the intensity of problematic human–primate interfaces, opportunities to reduce the risk of zoonosis between humans and primates, opportunities to reduce legal and illegal trade in primates, new opportunities for research on human–primate interfaces, and opportunities for community education. Finally, we recommend specific actions that primatologists should take to reduce contact and aggression between humans and primates, to reduce demand for primates as pets, to reduce risks of zoonosis in the context of field research, and to improve understanding of human–primate interfaces. Reducing the risk of zoonosis and promoting the well‐being of humans and primates at our interfaces will require substantial changes from “business as usual.” We encourage primatologists to help lead the way.
An Artificial Electrode/Electrolyte Interface for CO2 Electroreduction by Cation Surfactant Self‐Assembly
Authors: Zhong Yang , Xu Yan , Ma Jun , Wang Cheng , Sheng Siyu , Cheng Congtian , Li Mengxuan , Han Lu , Zhou Linlin , Cai Zhao , Kuang Yun , Liang Zheng , Sun Xiaoming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, an artificial electrode/electrolyte (E/E) interface, made by coating the electrode surface with a quaternary ammonium cation (R4N+) surfactant, was successfully developed, leading to a change in the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) pathway. This artificial E/E interface, with high CO2 permeability, promotes CO2 transportation and hydrogenation, as well as suppresses the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Linear and branched surfactants facilitated formic acid and CO production, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the artificial interface provided a facile CO2 diffusion pathway. Moreover, density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed the stabilization of the key intermediate, OCHO*, through interactions with R4N+. This strategy might also be applicable to other electrocatalytic reactions where gas consumption is involved.
Light‐Induced Self‐Escape of Spherical Nucleic Acid from Endo/Lysosome for Efficient Non‐Cationic Gene Delivery
Authors: Shi Leilei , Wu Wenbo , Duan Yukun , Xu Li , Xu Yingying , Hou Lidan , Meng Xiangjun , Zhu Xinyuan , Liu Bin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDeveloping non‐cationic gene carriers and achieving efficient endo/lysosome escape of functional nucleic acids in cytosol are two major challenges faced by the field of gene delivery. Herein, we demonstrate the concept of self‐escape spherical nucleic acid (SNA) to achieve light controlled non‐cationic gene delivery with sufficient endo/lysosome escape capacity. In this system, Bcl‐2 antisense oligonucleotides (OSAs) were conjugated onto the surface of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) photosensitizer (PS) nanoparticles to form core–shell SNA. Once the SNAs were taken up by tumor cells, and upon light irradiation, the accumulative 1O2 produced by the AIE PSs ruptured the lysosome structure to promote OSA escape. Prominent in vitro and in vivo results revealed that the AIE‐based core–shell SNA could downregulate the anti‐apoptosis protein (Bcl‐2) and induce tumor cell apoptosis without any transfection reagent.
Simultaneous Detection of Carbon Monoxide and Viscosity Changes in Cells
Authors: Robson Jonathan A. , Kubánková Markéta , Bond Tamzin , Hendley Rian A. , White Andrew J. P. , Kuimova Marina K. , Wilton‐Ely James D. E. T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA new family of robust, non‐toxic, water‐compatible ruthenium(II) vinyl probes allows the rapid, selective and sensitive detection of endogenous carbon monoxide (CO) in live mammalian cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Uniquely, these probes incorporate a viscosity‐sensitive BODIPY fluorophore that allows the measurement of microscopic viscosity in live cells via fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) while also monitoring CO levels. This is the first example of a probe that can simultaneously detect CO alongside small viscosity changes in organelles of live cells.
Cut and Paste for Cancer Treatment: A DNA Nanodevice that Cuts Out an RNA Marker Sequence to Activate a Therapeutic Function
Authors: Molden Tatiana A. , Niccum Caitlyn T. , Kolpashchikov Dmitry M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDNA nanotechnology uses oligonucleotide strands to assemble molecular structures capable of performing useful operations. Here, we assembled a multifunctional prototype DNA nanodevice, DOCTR, that recognizes a single nucleotide mutation in a cancer marker RNA. The nanodevice then cuts out a signature sequence and uses it as an activator for a “therapeutic” function, namely, the cleavage of another RNA sequence. The proposed design is a prototype for a gene therapy DNA machine that cleaves a housekeeping gene only in the presence of a cancer‐causing point mutation and suppresses cancer cells exclusively with minimal side effects to normal cells.
Solvent‐Activated Hafnium‐Containing Zeolites Enable Selective and Continuous Glucose–Fructose Isomerisation
Authors: Botti Luca , Kondrat Simon A. , Navar Ricardo , Padovan Daniele , Martinez‐Espin Juan S. , Meier Sebastian , Hammond Ceri 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe isomerisation of glucose to fructose is a critical step towards manufacturing petroleum‐free chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass. Herein we show that Hf‐containing zeolites are unique catalysts for this reaction, enabling true thermodynamic equilibrium to be achieved in a single step during intensified continuous operation, which no chemical or biological catalyst has yet been able to achieve. Unprecedented single‐pass yields of 58 % are observed at a fructose selectivity of 94 %, and continuous operation for over 100 hours is demonstrated. The unexpected performance of the catalyst is realised following a period of activation within the reactor, during which time interaction with the solvent generates a state of activity that is absent in the synthesised catalyst. Mechanistic studies by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, chemisorption FTIR, operando UV/Vis and 1H–13C HSQC NMR spectroscopy indicate that activity arises from isolated HfIV atoms with monofunctional acidic properties.
Preparation of novel biomass humate flame retardants and their flame retardancy in epoxy resin
Authors: Liu Guangya , Shi Huili , Kundu Chanchal Kumar , Li Zhiwei , Li Xiaohong , Zhang Zhijun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHumic acid (HA), a biomass material with plentiful oxygen‐containing functional groups, showed huge potential to be considered as a promising charring agent in flame retardancy. In this study, this HA was modified with four different metal ions like Fe2+, Mn2+, Al3+, and Cu2+ and finally, introduced into the epoxy resin (EP) to enhance the flame retardancy of the EP and the dispersion of these flame retardants into the EP matrix. When 10 wt% of HA‐Fe and HA‐Mn were incorporated into EP matrix, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) was increased from 21.2% for EP to 26.6 and 25.3% for the EP composites and the peak heat release rate (pHRR) was reduced by 36 and 35.5%, respectively. Such a significant improvement in flame retardancy was attributed to the catalytic charring of HA in the presence of metal ions, which ultimately increased the residual char formation and produced compact char layers during the combustion process to retard the transfer of heat and combustible gases between the EP composites and the flame zone. Finally, this kind of application provided a feasible way for the development of an environmentally friendly flame retardant with high efficiency, which improved the fire safety of EP matrix.
RNA interference of eclosion hormone gene reveals its roles in the control of ecdysis behavior in Heortia vitessoides Moore
Authors: Li Zhixing , Ye Qingya , Lyu Zihao , Lin Tong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEclosion hormone (EH) is an important neuropeptide that regulates growth and development. This study predicted the EH gene (HvEH) of Heortia vitessoides Moore (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from the transcriptome database and its expression patterns were determined using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. HvEH was expressed in all developmental stages and especially in the head area. RNA interference‐mediated silencing of HvEH (2 μg/individual) with double‐stranded HvEH RNA (dsHvEH) was achieved within 48 hr. Abnormal phenotypes appeared in the pupa and adult stages. dsHvEH injection suppressed pupation and eclosion rates. HvEH expression increased upon treatment with 20‐hydroxyecdysone but decreased at extreme temperatures. These results suggest that HvEH plays an essential role in ecdysis and wing formation in H. vitessoides.
Enhanced microbial corrosion of stainless steel by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans through the manipulation of substrate oxidation and overexpression of rus
Authors: Inaba Yuta , West Alan C. , Banta Scott 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAcidithiobacillus ferrooxidans cells can oxidize iron and sulfur and are key members of the microbial biomining communities that are exploited in the large‐scale bioleaching of metal sulfide ores. Some minerals are recalcitrant to bioleaching due to the presence of other inhibitory materials in the ore bodies. Additives are intentionally included in processed metals to reduce environmental impacts and microbially influenced corrosion. We have previously reported a new aerobic corrosion mechanism where A. ferrooxidans cells combined with pyrite and chloride can oxidize low‐grade stainless steel (SS304) with a thiosulfate‐mediated mechanism. Here we explore process conditions and genetic engineering of the cells that enable corrosion of a higher grade steel (SS316). The addition of elemental sulfur and an increase in the cell loading resulted in a 74% increase in the corrosion of SS316 as compared to the initial sulfur‐ and cell‐free control experiments containing only pyrite. The overexpression of the endogenous rus gene, which is involved in the cellular iron oxidation pathway, led to a further 85% increase in the corrosion of the steel in addition to the improvements made by changes to the process conditions. Thus, the modification of the culturing conditions and the use of rus‐overexpressing cells led to a more than threefold increase in the corrosion of SS316 stainless steel, such that 15% of the metal coupons was dissolved in just 2 weeks. This study demonstrates how the engineering of cells and the optimization of their cultivation conditions can be used to discover conditions that lead to the corrosion of a complex metal target.
Computers, carbohydrates and cola: Designing an online lab experience for undergraduate health sciences and non‐majors in a pandemic paradigm
Authors: Mahaffey Angela L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractColleges and educational institutions throughout the globe have adapted a pseudo‐online educational model. This is also evident in health sciences courses designed for biochemical and chemical education. Biochemistry (along with general, organic and analytical) education is significant in the basic prerequisite education of undergraduate health sciences and non‐majors curriculum, including a selection of human physiology and nutrition courses. Providing practical and empirical experiences for students enrolled in chemistry for health professions course is essential, even in this time of uncertainty. Here an option for a simple and safe, comprehensive virtual learning experience on carbohydrates and chemistry topics in connection with healthcare was developed by complementing an existing virtual lab collection and implementing this approach in an undergraduate health sciences (non‐majors) course. Student responses to this online learning approach were recorded in a post‐lab survey.
A review of anatomy education during and after the COVID‐19 pandemic: Revisiting traditional and modern methods to achieve future innovation
Authors: Iwanaga Joe , Loukas Marios , Dumont Aaron S. , Tubbs R. Shane 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has had enormous effects on anatomy education. During the pandemic, students have had no access to cadavers, which has been the principal way to learn anatomy since the 17th century. As it is difficult to predict future access to cadavers for students or in‐person classes, anatomy educators are encouraged to revisit all possible teaching methods in order to develop innovations. Here, we review anatomy education methods to apply to current and future education.
The effects of game‐based learning in the acquisition of “soft skills” on undergraduate software engineering courses: A systematic literature review
Authors: Garcia Ivan , Pacheco Carla , Méndez Francisco , Calvo‐Manzano Jose A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe software industry is becoming an increasingly important part of the economy in countries that have realized that the education of future software engineers is crucial to having a vibrant software industry. However, software engineering education is still influenced by traditional teaching impeding the acquisition of soft skills. Game‐based learning (GBL) combines learning with different known resources, such as games, to support and improve the teaching/learning process and/or student evaluation through active learning. This study presents a systematic literature review on the use of GBL for teaching software engineering at the undergraduate level, from 2001 to 2020, by addressing four research questions: What kinds of games have been developed for software engineering education? Which software engineering areas have been addressed by these games? Which soft skills have been promoted by using these games? How have these skills been evaluated? The study found 96 studies to answer these four questions. The findings provided evidence on the development of digital games focused on teaching the fundamentals of software engineering defined by software engineering body of knowledge. Moreover, these games have been able to promote the acquisition of more than one soft skill which is beneficial for undergraduate students.
MAGI2‐AS3 suppresses MYC signaling to inhibit cell proliferation and migration in ovarian cancer through targeting miR‐525‐5p/MXD1 axis
Authors: Chang Hua , Zhang Xue , Li Baixue , Meng Xiangkai 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOvarian cancer (OV) is one of the most lethal gynecological malignance in females, and usually diagnosed at advanced stages. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exhibit their crucial functions in modulatory mechanisms of cancers. Substantive studies have proven the anti‐tumor role of MAGI2‐AS3 in multiple cancers, but the physiological functions of MAGI2‐AS3 in OV need more detailed explanations. The current study corroborated that overexpression of MAGI2‐AS3 executed inhibitory activity in OV via hindering cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration as well as invasion while promoted apoptosis. Moreover MAGI2‐AS3 bound with miR‐525‐5p and negatively regulated the expression of miR‐525‐5p. Further studies testified that MXD1 was a downstream target of miR‐525‐5p and the competing relationship between MAGI2‐AS3 and MXD1 were confirmed by RNA pull down. Based on the combination between MAX and MYC, we analyzed the effects of MAGI2‐AS3 on MXD1 and MYC, unveiling the competing relationship between MXD1 and MYC for binding to MAX. Finally, we constructed rescue assays to certify that MAGI2‐AS3 suppressed the course of OV via enhancing MXD1 expression. In summary, MAGI2‐AS3 repressed the progression of OV by targeting miR‐525‐5p/MXD1 axis, offering a novel insight into understanding OV at the molecular level.
The benefit of complete revascularization after primary PCI for STEMI is attenuated by increasing age: Results from the DANAMI‐3‐PRIMULTI randomized study
Authors: Joshi Francis R. , Lønborg Jacob , Sadjadieh Golnaz , Helqvist Steffen , Holmvang Lene , Sørensen Rikke , Jørgensen Erik , Pedersen Frants , Tilsted Hans Henrik , Høfsten Dan , Køber Lars , Kelbæk Henning , Engstrøm Thomas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo ascertain the effect of age on outcomes after culprit‐only and complete revascularization after Primary PCI (PPCI) for ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).BackgroundThe numbers of older patients being treated with PPCI are increasing. The optimal management of nonculprit stenoses in such patients is unclear.MethodsWe conducted an analysis of patients aged ≥75 years randomized in the DANAMI‐3‐PRIMULTI study to either culprit‐only or complete FFR‐guided revascularization. The primary endpoint was a composite of all‐cause mortality, nonfatal reinfarction, and ischaemia‐driven revascularization of lesions in noninfarct‐related arteries after a median of 27 months of follow‐up.ResultsOne hundred and ten of six hundred and twenty seven patients in the DANAMI‐3‐PRIMULTI trial were aged ≥75 years. These patients were more likely female (p < .001), hypertensive (p < .001), had lower hemoglobin levels (p < .001), and higher serum creatinine levels (p < .001) than the younger patients in the trial. Other than less use of drug‐eluting stents (96.6 versus 88.0%: p = .02), there were no significant differences in procedural technique and success between patients aged <75 years and those ≥75 years of age. There was no significant difference in the incidence of the primary endpoint in patients ≥75 years randomized to culprit‐only or FFR‐guided complete revascularization (HR 1.49 [95% CI 0.57–4.65]; log‐rank p = .19; p for interaction versus patients <75 years <.001). There was a significant interaction between age as a continuous variable, treatment assignment, and the primary outcome (p < .001); beyond the age of about 75 years, there may be no prognostic advantage to complete revascularization.ConclusionsIn patients ≥75 years, after treatment of the culprit lesion in STEMI, there is no significant prognostic benefit to prophylactic complete revascularization of nonculprit stenoses. Pending further study, data would support a symptom‐guided approach to further invasive treatment.
Bicipitoradial bursitis: A diagnosis challenge!
Authors: Slouma Maroua , Rahmouni Safa , Dhahri Rim , Litaiem Noureddine , Gharsallah Imen , Metoui Leila , Louzir Bassem 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBicipitoradial bursitis should be considered in patients with antecubital mass and painful forearm pronation and supination movement. It can be due to several conditions such as calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition, even in young patients. Ultrasound is useful to confirm the diagnosis, determine the etiology and to guide the treatment of bicipitoradial bursitis.
Adult‐onset epidermal nevus with epidermolytic hyperkeratotic pattern: Case report and dermoscopic findings
Authors: Mahshid Sadat Ansari , Maryam Nasimi , Kambiz Kamyab , Hamidreza Mahmoudi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEN is a hamartomatous proliferation of keratinocytes. The most common dermoscopic feature of EN is large brown circles in the absence of pigment network which is similar in different histopathological variants including epidermolytic hyperkeratotic.
Advances in the Electrochemical Treatment of Cancers and Tumors: Exploring the Current Trends, Advancements, and Mechanisms of Electrolytic Tumor Ablation
Authors: O'Brien Connor , Ignaszak Anna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractElectrochemical therapy (EChT) is an evolving technique that allows for the minimally invasive ablation of tumors and cancers through the application of direct current (DC). The therapy boasts a low cost in comparison to many standardized procedures and could be made one of the most accessible forms of minimally invasive procedures for the targeting of tumors, owing to not only cost but also surgical simplicity. Furthermore, the treatment removes the need for oncospecific drugs and major surgical procedures, can be used when typical therapies are ill‐advised, and has shown clinical success in China, Brazil, Cuba, and Germany. Here, we will explore the new technologies, mathematical models, proposed mechanisms, and applications of EChT; as these develop, EChT may soon find itself at the forefront of the oncological world.