bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The RNA-binding protein HuR is a negative regulator in adipogenesis
Authors: Siang Diana Teh Chee , Lim Yen Ching , Kyaw Aung Maung Maung , Win Khaing Nwe , Chia Sook Yoong , Degirmenci Ufuk , Hu Xiang , Tan Bryan C. , Walet Arcinas Camille Esther , Sun Lei , Xu Dan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHuman antigen R (HuR) is an essential regulator of RNA metabolism, but its function in metabolism remains unclear. This study identifies HuR as a major repressor during adipogenesis. Knockdown and overexpression of HuR in primary adipocyte culture enhances and inhibits adipogenesis in vitro, respectively. Fat-specific knockout of HuR significantly enhances adipogenic gene program in adipose tissues, accompanied by a systemic glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. HuR knockout also results in depot-specific phenotypes: it can repress myogenesis program in brown fat, enhance inflammation program in epidydimal white fat and induce browning program in inguinal white fat. Mechanistically, HuR may inhibit adipogenesis by recognizing and modulating the stability of hundreds of adipocyte transcripts including Insig1, a negative regulator during adipogenesis. Taken together, our work establishes HuR as an important posttranscriptional regulator of adipogenesis and provides insights into how RNA processing contributes to adipocyte development.
Graded intrafillable architecture-based iontronic pressure sensor with ultra-broad-range high sensitivity
Authors: Bai Ningning , Wang Liu , Wang Qi , Deng Jue , Wang Yan , Lu Peng , Huang Jun , Li Gang , Zhang Yuan , Yang Junlong , Xie Kewei , Zhao Xuanhe , Guo Chuan Fei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSensitivity is a crucial parameter for flexible pressure sensors and electronic skins. While introducing microstructures (e.g., micro-pyramids) can effectively improve the sensitivity, it in turn leads to a limited pressure-response range due to the poor structural compressibility. Here, we report a strategy of engineering intrafillable microstructures that can significantly boost the sensitivity while simultaneously broadening the pressure responding range. Such intrafillable microstructures feature undercuts and grooves that accommodate deformed surface microstructures, effectively enhancing the structural compressibility and the pressure-response range. The intrafillable iontronic sensor exhibits an unprecedentedly high sensitivity (Smin > 220 kPa−1) over a broad pressure regime (0.08 Pa-360 kPa), and an ultrahigh pressure resolution (18 Pa or 0.0056%) over the full pressure range, together with remarkable mechanical stability. The intrafillable structure is a general design expected to be applied to other types of sensors to achieve a broader pressure-response range and a higher sensitivity.
A scalable method for parameter-free simulation and validation of mechanistic cellular signal transduction network models
Authors: Romers Jesper , Thieme Sebastian , Münzner Ulrike , Krantz Marcus 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe metabolic modelling community has established the gold standard for bottom-up systems biology with reconstruction, validation and simulation of mechanistic genome-scale models. Similar methods have not been established for signal transduction networks, where the representation of complexes and internal states leads to scalability issues in both model formulation and execution. While rule- and agent-based methods allow efficient model definition and execution, respectively, model parametrisation introduces an additional layer of uncertainty due to the sparsity of reliably measured parameters. Here, we present a scalable method for parameter-free simulation of mechanistic signal transduction networks. It is based on rxncon and uses a bipartite Boolean logic with separate update rules for reactions and states. Using two generic update rules, we enable translation of any rxncon model into a unique Boolean model, which can be used for network validation and simulation—allowing the prediction of system-level function directly from molecular mechanistic data. Through scalable model definition and simulation, and the independence of quantitative parameters, it opens up for simulation and validation of mechanistic genome-scale models of signal transduction networks.
Humans judge faces in incomplete photographs as physically more attractive
Authors: Orghian Diana , Hidalgo César A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAttractive people are perceived to be healthier, wealthier, and more sociable. Yet, people often judge the attractiveness of others based on incomplete and inaccurate facial information. Here, we test the hypothesis that people fill in the missing information with positive inferences when judging others’ facial beauty. To test this hypothesis, we conducted seven experiments where participants judged the attractiveness of human faces in complete and incomplete photographs. Our data shows that—relative to complete photographs—participants judge faces in incomplete photographs as physically more attractive. This positivity bias is replicated for different types of incompleteness; is mostly specific to aesthetic judgments; is stronger for male participants; is specific to human faces when compared to pets, flowers, and landscapes; seems to involve a holistic processing; and is stronger for atypical faces. These findings contribute to our understanding of how people perceive and make inferences about others’ beauty.
Added value recyclability of glass fiber waste as photo-oxidation catalyst for toxic cytostatic micropollutants
Authors: Nechifor Gheorghe , Totu Eugenia Eftimie , Nechifor Aurelia Cristina , Constantin Lucian , Constantin Alina Mirela , Cărăuşu Mihaela Elena , Isildak Ibrahim 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere is an increased interest in recycling valuable waste materials for usage in procedures with high added values. Silica microparticles are involved in the processes of catalysis, separation, immobilization of complexants, biologically active compounds, and different nanospecies, responding to restrictive requirements for selectivity of various chemical and biochemical processes. This paper presents the surface modification of accessible and dimensionally controlled recycled silica microfiber with titanium dioxide. Strong base species in organic solvents: methoxide, ethoxide, propoxide, and potassium butoxide in corresponding alcohol, activated the glass microfibres with 12–13 µm diameter. In the photo-oxidation process of a toxic micro-pollutant, cyclophosphamide, the new composite material successfully proved photocatalytic effectiveness. The present work fulfills simultaneously two specific objectives related to the efforts directed towards a sustainable environment and circular economy: recycling of optical glass microfibers resulted as waste from the industry, and their usage for the photo-oxidation of highly toxic emerging micro-pollutants.
The AHR pathway represses TGFβ-SMAD3 signalling and has a potent tumour suppressive role in SHH medulloblastoma
Authors: Sarić Nemanja , Selby Matthew , Ramaswamy Vijay , Kool Marcel , Stockinger Brigitta , Hogstrand Christer , Williamson Daniel , Marino Silvia , Taylor Michael D. , Clifford Steven C. , Basson M. Albert 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSonic Hedgehog (SHH) medulloblastomas are brain tumours that arise in the posterior fossa. Cancer-propagating cells (CPCs) provide a reservoir of cells capable of tumour regeneration and relapse post-treatment. Understanding and targeting the mechanisms by which CPCs are maintained and expanded in SHH medulloblastoma could present novel therapeutic opportunities. We identified the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway as a potent tumour suppressor in a SHH medulloblastoma mouse model. Ahr-deficient tumours and CPCs grown in vitro, showed elevated activation of the TGFβ mediator, SMAD3. Pharmacological inhibition of the TGFβ/SMAD3 signalling axis was sufficient to inhibit the proliferation and promote the differentiation of Ahr-deficient CPCs. Human SHH medulloblastomas with high expression of the AHR repressor (AHRR) exhibited a significantly worse prognosis compared to AHRRlow tumours in two independent patient cohorts. Together, these findings suggest that reduced AHR pathway activity promotes SHH medulloblastoma progression, consistent with a tumour suppressive role for AHR. We propose that TGFβ/SMAD3 inhibition may represent an actionable therapeutic approach for a subset of aggressive SHH medulloblastomas characterised by reduced AHR pathway activity.
Non-invasive and label-free 3D-visualization shows in vivo oligomerization of the staphylococcal alkaline shock protein 23 (Asp23)
Authors: Petersen Inga , Schlüter Rabea , Hoff Katharina J. , Liebscher Volkmar , Bange Gert , Riedel Katharina , Pané-Farré Jan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFluorescence-tags, commonly used to visualize the spatial distribution of proteins within cells, can influence the localization of the tagged proteins by affecting their stability, interaction with other proteins or the induction of oligomerization artifacts. To circumvent these obstacles, a protocol was developed to generate 50 nm thick serial sections suitable for immunogold labeling and subsequent reconstruction of the spatial distribution of immuno-labeled native proteins within individual bacterial cells. Applying this method, we show a cellular distribution of the staphylococcal alkaline shock protein 23 (Asp23), which is compatible with filament formation, a property of Asp23 that we also demonstratein vitro.
Iron acquisition in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the siderophore pyoverdine: an intricate interacting network including periplasmic and membrane proteins
Authors: Bonneau Anne , Roche Béatrice , Schalk Isabelle J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPyoverdine (PVDI) has been reported to act both as a siderophore for scavenging iron (a key nutrient) and a signaling molecule for the expression of virulence factors. This compound is itself part of a core set of virulence factors produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa during infections. Once secreted into the bacterial environment and having scavenged ferric iron, PVDI-Fe3+ is taken back into the P. aeruginosa periplasm via the outer membrane transporters FpvAI and FpvB. Iron release from PVDI in the bacterial periplasm involves numerous proteins encoded by the fpvGHJKCDEF genes and a mechanism of iron reduction. Here, we investigated the global interacting network between these various proteins using systematic bacterial two-hybrid screening. We deciphered a network of five interacting proteins composed of two inner-membrane proteins, FpvG (iron reductase) and FpvH (unknown function), and three periplasmic proteins, FpvJ (unknown function), FpvF (periplasmic PVDI-binding protein), and FpvC (iron periplasmic-binding protein). This interacting network strongly suggests the existence of a large protein machinery composed of these five proteins, all playing a role in iron acquisition by PVDI. Furthermore, we discovered an interaction between the periplasmic siderophore binding protein FpvF and the PvdRT-OpmQ efflux pump, also suggesting a role for FpvF in apo-PVDI recycling and secretion after iron delivery. These results highlight a multi-protein complex that drives iron release from PVDI in the periplasm of P. aeruginosa.
Disruption of CXCR6 Ameliorates Kidney Inflammation and Fibrosis in Deoxycorticosterone Acetate/Salt Hypertension
Authors: Wu Yuanbo , An Changlong , Jin Xiaogao , Hu Zhaoyong , Wang Yanlin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCirculating cells have a pathogenic role in the development of hypertensive nephropathy. However, how these cells infiltrate into the kidney are not fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of CXCR6 in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)/salt-induced inflammation and fibrosis of the kidney. Following uninephrectomy, wild-type and CXCR6 knockout mice were treated with DOCA/salt for 3 weeks. Blood pressure was similar between wild-type and CXCR6 knockout mice at baseline and after treatment with DOCA/salt. Wild-type mice develop significant kidney injury, proteinuria, and kidney fibrosis after three weeks of DOCA/salt treatment. CXCR6 deficiency ameliorated kidney injury, proteinuria, and kidney fibrosis following treatment with DOCA/salt. Moreover, CXCR6 deficiency inhibited accumulation of bone marrow–derived fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the kidney following treatment with DOCA/salt. Furthermore, CXCR6 deficiency markedly reduced the number of macrophages and T cells in the kidney after DOCA/salt treatment. In summary, our results identify a critical role of CXCR6 in the development of inflammation and fibrosis of the kidney in salt-sensitive hypertension.
Germline polymorphisms in the Von Hippel-Lindau and Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha genes, gene-environment and gene-gene interactions and renal cell cancer
Authors: van de Pol Jeroen A. A. , van den Brandt Piet A. , van Engeland Manon , Godschalk Roger W. L. , van Schooten Frederik-Jan , Hogervorst Janneke G. F. , Schouten Leo J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe investigated the relationship between germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) and Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A), and their gene-environment and gene-gene interactions, and clear-cell RCC (ccRCC) risk. Furthermore, we assessed the relationship between VHL SNPs and VHL promoter methylation. Three VHL polymorphisms and one HIF1A polymorphism were genotyped in the Netherlands Cohort Study. In 1986, 120,852 participants aged 55–69 completed a self-administered questionnaire on diet and lifestyle and toenail clippings were collected. Toenail DNA was genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. After 20.3 years, 3004 subcohort members and 406 RCC cases, of which 263 ccRCC cases, were eligible for multivariate case-cohort analyses. VHL_rs779805 was associated with RCC (Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.53; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.07–2.17) and ccRCC risk (HR 1.88; 95% CI 1.25–2.81). No associations were found for other SNPs. Potential gene-environment interactions were found between alcohol consumption and selected SNPs. However, none remained statistically significant after multiple comparison correction. No gene-gene interactions were observed between VHL and HIF1A. VHL promoter methylation was not associated with VHL SNPs. VHL SNPs may increase (cc)RCC susceptibility. No associations were found between gene-environment and gene-gene interactions and (cc)RCC risk and between VHL promoter methylation and VHL SNPs.
Wave-shaped temperature dependence characteristics of the electroluminescence peak energy in a green InGaN-based LED grown on silicon substrate
Authors: Li Changfu , Li Jianfei , Xu Mingsheng , Ji Ziwu , Shi Kaiju , Li Hongbin , Wei Yehui , Xu Xiangang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate temperature dependencies at different injection currents (ICs) of the electroluminescence (EL) spectra from a green InGaN/GaN light-emitting diode (LED) based on multiple quantum wells (MQWs) grown on a Si substrate in a wide range of ICs (0.001–350 mA) and temperatures (6–350 K). The results show that the temperature-changing characteristic of the EL peak energy gradually evolves from an approximately V-shaped temperature dependence into a wave-shaped (three-step blueshift) dependence with increasing IC. Finally, it emerges as an approximately inverted V-shaped temperature dependence. The behavior reflects the fact that the emission related to InGaN is significantly influenced by the changing recombination dynamics of carriers with rising temperature or IC. This is attributed to the presence in the MQW active region of a stronger carrier localization effect across three zones with different average In contents. Moreover, with the decline of the temperature at lower ICs, the temperature behavior of the external quantum efficiency (EQE) value is dominated by the deactivated non-radiative centers. This phenomenon occurs not only in the higher temperature range but also at lower temperatures due to more In-content-induced structural defects, which are confirmed by measurements of the integrated EL intensity as well as the EQE dependence on IC.
Impact of advanced radiotherapy techniques and dose intensification on toxicity of salvage radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Tomita Natsuo , Uchiyama Kaoru , Mizuno Tomoki , Imai Mikiko , Sugie Chikao , Ayakawa Shiho , Niwa Masanari , Matsui Tooru , Otsuka Shinya , Manabe Yoshihiko , Nomura Kento , Kondo Takuhito , Kosaki Katsura , Miyakawa Akifumi , Miyamoto Akihiko , Takemoto Shinya , Kitagawa Yuto , Yasui Takahiro , Shibamoto Yuta 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe safety and efficacy of dose-escalated radiotherapy with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) remain unclear in salvage radiotherapy (SRT) after radical prostatectomy. We examined the impact of these advanced radiotherapy techniques and dose intensification on the toxicity of SRT. This multi-institutional retrospective study included 421 patients who underwent SRT at the median dose of 66 Gy in 2-Gy fractions. IMRT and IGRT were used for 225 (53%) and 321 (76%) patients, respectively. At the median follow-up of 50 months, the cumulative incidence of late grade 2 or higher gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicities was 4.8% and 24%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the non-use of either IMRT or IGRT, or both (hazard ratio [HR] 3.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8–5.4, p < 0.001) and use of whole-pelvic radiotherapy (HR 7.6, CI 1.0–56, p = 0.048) were associated with late GI toxicity, whereas a higher dose ≥68 Gy was the only factor associated with GU toxicities (HR 3.1, CI 1.3–7.4, p = 0.012). This study suggested that the incidence of GI toxicities can be reduced by IMRT and IGRT in SRT, whereas dose intensification may increase GU toxicity even with these advanced techniques.
In Vivo
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Rat Vocal Folds After Systemic Dehydration and Rehydration
Authors: Oleson Steven , Cox Abigail , Liu Zhongming , Sivasankar M. Preeti , Lu Kun-Han 
Published: January 2020

Objective

Consuming less water (systemic dehydration) has long been thought to dehydrate the vocal folds. An
in vivo
, repeated measures study tested the assumption that systemic dehydration causes vocal fold dehydration. Proton density (PD)–weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of rat vocal folds was employed to investigate (a) whether varying magnitudes of systemic dehydration would dehydrate the vocal folds and (b) whether systemic rehydration would rehydrate the vocal folds.

Method

Male (
n =
25) and female (
n =
14) Sprague Dawley rats were imaged with 7T MRI, and normalized PD-weighted signal intensities were obtained at predehydration, following dehydration, and following rehydration. Animals were dehydrated to 1 of 3 levels by water withholding to induce body weight loss: mild (< 6% body weight loss), moderate (6%–10% body weight loss), and marked (> 10% body weight loss).

Results

There was a significant decrease in vocal fold signal intensities after moderate and marked dehydration (
p
< .0167). Rehydration increased the normalized signal intensity to predehydration levels for only the moderate group (
p
< .0167). Normalized signal intensity did not significantly change after mild dehydration or when the mildly dehydrated animals were rehydrated. Additionally, there were no significant differences in PD-weighted MRI normalized signal intensity between male and female rats (
p
> .05).

Conclusion
This study provides evidence supporting clinical voice recommendations for rehydration by increasing water intake after an acute, moderate systemic dehydration event. However, acute systemic dehydration of mild levels did not dehydrate the vocal folds as observed by PD-weighted MRI. Future programmatic research will focus on chronic, recurring systemic dehydration.
The Gaia-ESO Survey: a new approach to chemically characterising young open clusters
Authors: Baratella M. , D’Orazi V. , Carraro G. , Desidera S. , Randich S. , Magrini L. , Adibekyan V. , Smiljanic R. , Spina L. , Tsantaki M. , Tautvaišienė G. , Sousa S. G. , Jofré P. , Jiménez-Esteban F. M. , Delgado-Mena E. , Martell S. , Van der Swaelmen M. , Roccatagliata V. , Gilmore G. , Alfaro E. J. , Bayo A. , Bensby T. , Bragaglia A. , Franciosini E. , Gonneau A. , Heiter U. , Hourihane A. , Jeffries R. D. , Koposov S. E. , Morbidelli L. , Prisinzano L. , Sacco G. , Sbordone L. , Worley C. , Zaggia S. , Lewis J. 
Published: January 2020

Context. Open clusters are recognised as excellent tracers of Galactic thin-disc properties. At variance with intermediate-age and old open clusters, for which a significant number of studies is now available, clusters younger than ≲150 Myr have been mostly overlooked in terms of their chemical composition until recently (with few exceptions). On the other hand, previous investigations seem to indicate an anomalous behaviour of young clusters, which includes (but is not limited to) slightly sub-solar iron (Fe) abundances and extreme, unexpectedly high barium (Ba) enhancements.
Aims. In a series of papers, we plan to expand our understanding of this topic and investigate whether these chemical peculiarities are instead related to abundance analysis techniques.
Methods. We present a new determination of the atmospheric parameters for 23 dwarf stars observed by the Gaia-ESO survey in five young open clusters (τ < 150 Myr) and one star-forming region (NGC 2264). We exploit a new method based on titanium (Ti) lines to derive the spectroscopic surface gravity, and most importantly, the microturbulence parameter. A combination of Ti and Fe lines is used to obtain effective temperatures. We also infer the abundances of Fe I, Fe II, Ti I, Ti II, Na I, Mg I, Al I, Si I, Ca I, Cr I, and Ni I.
Results. Our findings are in fair agreement with Gaia-ESO iDR5 results for effective temperatures and surface gravities, but suggest that for very young stars, the microturbulence parameter is over-estimated when Fe lines are employed. This affects the derived chemical composition and causes the metal content of very young clusters to be under-estimated.
Conclusions. Our clusters display a metallicity [Fe/H] between +0.04 ± 0.01 and +0.12 ± 0.02; they are not more metal poor than the Sun. Although based on a relatively small sample size, our explorative study suggests that we may not need to call for ad hoc explanations to reconcile the chemical composition of young open clusters with Galactic chemical evolution models.
Physical treatments to induce the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of green algae Halimeda sp. from Seribu Islands, North Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Basir A , Desniar  , Ristyanti W K , Tarman K 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Seaweeds have ecological functions as primary producers in marine waters. Most of them have an important economic value as a producer of hydrocolloids (alginate, agar and carrageenan) that are used in various industries of food and pharmaceuticals. Secondary metabolites produced in seaweed are usually for self-defense from algae predators such as fish, echinodermata, crustaceans or mollusca. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of green algae Halimeda gracilis and Halimeda macroloba, and to determine the effect of physical treatment to antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The yield of crude extract of H. gracilis obtained was about 18.55-23.94% while the extract of H. macroloba was just about 13.49-17.88%. Antibacterial activity of crude extract of H. gracilis was higher as compared to that of H. macroloba against both tested bacteria. Induction of bacteria (Vibrio harveyi and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) on H. gracilis led to a reduction in the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. Induction of bacteria in H. gracilis did not show antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial activity of crude extracts of H. macroloba on cutting and bacterial induction treatments were higher in both test bacteria S. aureus and E. coli.