bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Approach for Vehicle Number Plate Recognition in Pakistan
Authors: Rehman Saif Ur , Ahmad Moiz , Nawaz Asif , Ali Tariq 
Published: June 2020

Introduction:
Recognition of Vehicle License Number Plates (VLNP) is an important task. It is valuable in numerous applications, such as entrance admission, security, parking control, road traffic control, and speed control. An ANPR (Automatic Number Plate Recognition) is a system in which the image of the vehicle is captured through high definition cameras. The image is then used to detect vehicles of any type (car, van, bus, truck, and bike, etc.), its’ color (white, black, blue, etc.), and its’ model (Toyota Corolla, Honda Civic etc.). Furthermore, this image is processed using segmentation and OCR techniques to get the vehicle registration number in form of characters. Once the required information is extracted from VLNP, this information is sent to the control center for further processing.

Aim:
ANPR is a challenging problem, especially when the number plates have varying sizes, the number of lines, fonts, background diversity, etc. Different ANPR systems have been suggested for different countries, including Iran, Malaysia, and France. However, only a limited work exists for Pakistan vehicles. Therefore, in this study, we aim to propose a novel ANPR framework for Pakistan VLNP recognition.

Methods:
The proposed ANPR system functions in three different steps: (i) - Number Plate Localization (NPL); (ii)- Character Segmentation (CS); and (iii)- Optical Character Recognition (OCR), involving template-matching mechanism. The proposed ANPR approach scans the number plate and instantly checks against database records of vehicles of interest. It can further extract the real=time information of driver and vehicle, for instance, license of the driver and token taxes of vehicles are paid or not, etc.

Results:
Finally, the proposed ANPR system has been evaluated on several real-time images from various formats of number plates practiced in Pakistan territory. In addition to this, the proposed ANPR system has been compared with the existing ANPR systems proposed specifically for Pakistani licensed number plates.

Conclusion:
The proposed ANPR Model has both time and money-saving profit for law enforcement agencies and private organizations for improving homeland security. There is a need to expand the types of vehicles that can be detected: trucks, buses, scooters, bikes. This technology can be further improved to detect the crashed vehicle’s number plate in an accident and alert the closest hospital and police station about the accident, thus saving lives.
Effect of Canine Dimensions on Smile Aesthetics among General Dentists, Dental Students and Laypersons
Authors: Al Taki Amjad , Abuhijleh Eyas 
Published: June 2020

Objectives:Canines and their dimensions play a major role in the appearance of the smile. The aim of the study was to determine the perception of smile aesthetics among General dentists, Dental students, and laypersons, with respect to different levels of maxillary canine (canine tip height and gingival height in reference with central incisors) and Golden Proportions in regards to lateral incisor.Materials and Methods:This was a cross-sectional study conducted amongst three different populations; students of dentistry, general dentists and laypersons. A convenient sample size of 109 participants was accepted for the present study, out of which there were 41 students of dentistry, 38 general dentists and 30 laypersons. We used digitally altered photographs (n=15)for data collection.Statistical analysis:Kruskal Wallis Test was applied as a test of significance and the level of significance was set at <0.05.Results:The most of the dental students found the canine tip (-0.5), the gingival height of (+0.5) and the Golden Proportion 62% attractive. The majority of general dentists found the canine tip (-0.5), the gingival height of (+1) and the Golden Proportion 72% attractive. In comparison, laypersons found the canine tip (+0.5), the gingival height of (0) and the Golden Proportion 57% attractive.Conclusion:The study demonstrated that the perceptions of dental students, general dentists and laypersons had a significant difference.
Academic Stress and Self-Efficacy as Predictors of Academic Satisfaction among Nursing Students
Authors: Shehadeh Jumana , Hamdan-Mansour Ayman M. , Halasa Suhaila N. , Hani Manar H. Bani , Nabolsi Manar M. , Thultheen Imad , Nassar Omayyah S. 
Published: June 2020

Background:number of factors contribute to psychological disturbances among university students. Most important, such psychological factors may influence their academic satisfaction that associates with their performance.Purpose:To examine prediction power of academic stress and academic self-efficacy on academic satisfaction among nursing students.Methods:A convenience sample of 117 nursing students recruited from two nursing programs in Jordan; one private and one governmental. Self-report format was used to collect data from students regarding academic stress, academic self-efficacy, and academic satisfaction.Results:Nursing students had moderate level of academic self-efficacy, high level of academic stress, and low to moderate level of satisfaction about curriculum and faculty performance. Positive relationship found between students Grade Point Average and academic stress and self-efficacy, while there was negative relationship with academic satisfaction (p < .05). None of the demographic variables had was a significant predictor of academic satisfaction (p > .05). regression showed that self-efficacy, interaction, explained 36% of academic satisfaction about faculties.Conclusion:Academic self-efficacy anxiety among nursing students found to contribute to their academic satisfaction. Therefore, academics and psychological counselors at academic institutions need to give more attention to the psychosocial interaction and enhance mentoring and counseling skills to their students.
The Evolving Family Mealtime: Findings From Focus Group Interviews With Hispanic Mothers
Authors: Hammons Amber Jean , Villegas Elizabeth , Olvera Norma , Greder Kimberly , Fiese Barbara , Teran-Garcia Margarita ,   The Abriendo Caminos Team
Published: June 2020

Background
Given the protective effects of shared family mealtimes and the importance of family in the Hispanic culture, this context should be explored further to determine how it can be leveraged and optimized for interventions.

Objective
This study aimed to explore contextual factors associated with family mealtimes in Mexican and Puerto Rican families.

Methods
A total of 63 mothers participated in 13 focus group interviews across 4 states. Thematic analysis was used to analyze transcripts.

Results
Seven overarching themes were identified through the thematic analysis. Themes reflected who was present at the mealtime, what occurs during mealtime, the presence of television, the influence of technology during mealtime, and how mealtimes have changed since the mothers were children.

Conclusions
Hispanic mothers may be adapting family mealtimes to fit their current situations and needs, keeping the television and other devices on during mealtimes, and making additional meals for multiple family members to appease everyone’s tastes. All of these are areas that can be incorporated into existing culturally tailored obesity prevention programs to help families lead healthier lives.
Identification of Symptoms Prognostic of COVID-19 Severity: Multivariate Data Analysis of a Case Series in Henan Province
Authors: Li Jitian , Chen Zhe , Nie Yifei , Ma Yan , Guo Qiaoyun , Dai Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2020

Background
The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has been declared a global pandemic. Identifying individuals whose infection can potentially become severe is critical to control the case fatality rate of COVID-19. However, knowledge of symptoms that are prognostic of COVID-19 severity is lacking.

Objective
The objective of our study was to identify symptoms prognostic of COVID-19 infection severity.

Methods
We analyzed documented symptoms, including fever, cough, fatigue, expectoration, sore throat, chest distress, headache, diarrhea, rhinorrhea, stuffed nose, nausea, vomiting, muscle or joint ache, shortness of breath, and their associations with disease severity using a case series, including 655 confirmed cases from January 23 to February 5, 2020 in Henan Province, China. We also analyzed the influence of individual characteristics, including age, gender, and comorbidities, on symptoms with prognostic value.

Results
Fatigue (95% CI 0.141 to 0.334, P<.001), expectoration (95% CI 0.107 to 0.305, P<.001) and stuffed nose (95% CI –0.499 to –0.082, P=.006) were identified as the prognostic symptoms of COVID-19 patients from the multivariate analysis. Fever occurred in 603/655 (92.1%) of the patients but was not associated with disease severity. Fatigue accounted for 184/655 (28.1%) of the patients and was linearly associated with infection severity with statistical significance. Expectoration occurred in 169/655 (25.8%) patients in the cohort and was the sole prognostic factor for patients with cardiovascular complications, including hypertension. Shortness of breath, chest distress, muscle or joint ache, and dry cough, which occurred in 33 (5%), 83 (12.7%), 78 (11.9%), and 276 (42.1%) of the 655 patients, respectively, were significantly enriched among patients classified as severe. Stuffed nose and nausea were associated with favorable disease severity, especially among male patients. More female than male patients were documented as having muscle or joint ache. Headache was most enriched in patents aged 15 to 39 years, followed by those aged 40 to 64 years, with statistical significance.

Conclusions
Fatigue and expectoration are signs of severe COVID-19 infection. Shortness of breath, chest distress, muscle or joint ache, and dry cough are prevalent in severe patients. Expectoration is commonly present in older individuals and patients with cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension. Shortness of breath is prognostic of severe infection in male patients. Stuffed nose and nausea are favorable prognostic factors of severe infection, especially among male patients.
DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO DE SIALOLITÍASE: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Carneiro Fernandes Natália 
Published: June 2020

A sialolitíase corresponde a cerca da metade de todos os casos de doenças das glândulas salivares, tendo a submandibular comoo principal sítio acometido. Há uma maior prevalência em indivíduos do sexo masculino entre 30 e 60 anos de idade, com localização na porção distal do ducto e no hilo submandibulares e sendo de forma assintomática. Os sintomas se desenvolvem quando os cálculos atingem grandes proporções para ocasionar obstrução do fluxo salivar, onde é comum ocorreraumento de volume doloroso na região, especialmente durante as refeições. Em decorrência da obstrução, podem se desenvolver inflamação crônica ou infecção aguda e, mais raramente, abscessos. O objetivo deste trabalho, foi realizar uma revisão da literatura auxiliando ao profissional de Odontologia sobre o correto diagnóstico, tratamento e possíveis complicações da sialolitíase.Palavras-chave: Cálculos das Glândulas Salivares; Glândula Submandibular.ABSTRACT Sialolithiasis corresponds to about half of all cases of diseases of the salivary glands, with the submandibular as the main affected site. There is a higher prevalence in male individuals between 30 and 60 years of age, located in the distal portion of the submandibular duct and hilum and asymptomatic. Symptoms develop when the stones reach enough sizes to cause obstruction of the salivary flow, where it is common to report an increase in painful volume in the region, especially during meals. As a result of the obstruction, chronic inflammation or acute infection and, more rarely, abscesses may develop. The objective of this work was to carry out a literature review assisting the dental professional on the diagnosis, treatment and possible complications of sialolithiasis. Key words: Salivary Gland Calculi; Submandibular Gland.
How to Publish in Peer-Reviewed Practitioner Accounting Journals
Authors: Boyle Douglas M. , Boyle James F. , Hermanson Dana R. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
The three of us devote a significant portion of our research time to publishing in peer-reviewed practitioner accounting journals, in addition to our focus on traditional academic journal publishing. In this article, we first discuss overall considerations when publishing for practitioners, including finding topics, writing, statistics, and implications. Then, we describe the five types of practitioner papers we typically produce and how we develop each type of paper: small literature reviews, empirical papers, thought pieces, skills papers, and current topic updates. We conclude with discussion of related educational opportunities and issues, including using practitioner articles in class, exposing doctoral students to practitioner publishing, and getting academic credit for practitioner publishing in tenure, promotion, and annual performance reviews. At a time when accounting academia is seeking to enhance the relevance and impact of research, we hope this paper will prompt other academics to begin or increase their contributions to practitioner journals.
EXPLORASI ALGORITMA C4.5 DAN FORWARD FEATURE SELECTION UNTUK MENENTUKAN DEBITUR BAIK DAN DEBITUR BERMASALAH PADA PRODUK KREDIT TANPA AGUNAN (KTA)
Authors: Nugraha Putu Gede Surya Cipta , Mahendra Gede Surya 
Published: June 2020

Produk kredit Bank Umum yang sangat diminati oleh Badan Usaha atau Organisai dan masyarakat salah satunya yaitu Kredit Tanpa Angunan (KTA), hal ini dikarenakan sistem kredit tidak membutuhkan jaminan dari debitur. Tetapi dalam jangka waktu proses kredit KTA tidak menutup kemungkinan debitur melakukan keterlambatan dalam melakukan pembayaran angsuran (menunggak) yang dikarenakan mengalami kegagalam dalam bisnis, kehilangan pekerjaan, uang digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan lain serta berbagi macam alasan lainnya. Pada Bank ABC setiap nasabah yang terlambat melakukan pembayaran dapat dikelompokan menjadi Non Performance Loan (NPL) atau yang sering disebut dengan kredit macet. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut diterapkan bidang Ilmu Komputer yaitu Data Mining untuk memprediksi kriteria debitur yang baik dan debitur bermasalah. Adapun metode atau algoritma Data Mining yang digunakan adalah kombinasi dari algoritma C4.5 dan Forward Feature Selection. Pengujian algoritma C4.5 dalam memprediksi menghasilkan tingkat accuracy sebesar 92.00%, recall sebesar 92.00% dan precission sebesar 92.00%. Forward Feature Selection berbasis algoritma C4.5 lebih akurat dan efektif dalam memprediksi debitur yang baik dan debitur bermasalah dengan hasil accuracy sebesar 93.60%, recall sebesar 93.60%, precission sebesar 93.60% dan memperoleh atribut yang berpengaruh yaitu jangka waktu, maksimum kredit dan pekerjaan.Â Â
Differential diagnosis of bilateral lungs opacities in the hospital for admission of community-acquired pneumonia – not only COVID-19
Authors: Vinokurov A. S. , Belenkaya O. I. , Zolotova E. A. , Michurina S. V. , Vinokurova O. O. , Nikiforova M. V. , Oganesyan A. A. , Yudin A. L. 
Published: June 2020

Due to the current epidemiological situation caused by the spread of the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, in March 2020 several Moscow hospitals were completely or partially redesigned to receive patients with community- acquired pneumonia.Purpose. The aim of the survey is to analyze clinical, laboratory and radiological data in patients with coronavirus infection at the early stages of its spread in Russia, and to clarify diseases for differential diagnosis mainly based on CT evidence.Materials and methods. We studied data from 21 patients with verified coronavirus infection admitted to the hospital for community-acquired pneumonia. Clinical symptoms, laboratory and physical indicators, as well as typical lung changes on the CT were evaluated.Results. Major clinical symptoms in coronavirus patients are fever (100%), cough (90.5%), shortness of breath (76.1%). Laboratory indicators showed increases in CRP (85.7%), leukocytosis (66.6%), and LDG (84.6%). According to CT, 95.2% of lung changes involved both sides, and 66.7% occurred in all lung fields. The sign of “ground glass” was observed in a 100% of the cases, its combination with the “paving stone” – in 61,9%, “ground glass” coupled with small areas of consolidations were detected in 33,3% of the cases. Changes such as nodules, cavities and massive areas of consolidation were not identified.Conclusion. On the basis of our own data we confirmed the main trends of diagnostics and clinical features, which were identified by authors from Asia and Europe, who faced this infection earlier, and also considered important CT characteristics useful for differential diagnosis of coronavirus lung damage and other lung diseases.
CT findings in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia after treatment with tocilizumab: foreign literature review
Authors: Stashkiv V. I. , Zamyatina K. A. , Shantarevich M. Yu. , Nikitina I. V. , Kаrmаzаnovsky G. G. , Revishvili A. Sh. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose. Review and analysis of the available foreign literature about CT findings in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia after treatment with tocilizumab.Material and methods. 6 publications were analyzed that were available for the keywords “COVID-19”, “radiology”, “CT”, “tocilizumab”, “cytokine release syndrome”, “interleukin 6”, “IL-6”. Search was limited only to English language manuscripts with no time limit. The literature search was last done on 3rd June 2020.Results. There is a small number of studies on CT findings of COVID-19 pneumonia during the treatment of actemra (tocilizumab). At the request of “COVID-19”, “radiology”, “CT”, “tocilizumab”, “cytokine release syndrome”, “interleukin 6”, “IL-6” in the database of medical and biological publications “PubMed” on 03.06.2020 can be found only 8 publications that would satisfy the search query. At the time of writing this article we were able to locate only 1 full text articles in English which was the study of CT findings in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia after treatment with tocilizumab. It is important to note that new data is being shared regularly and so far, it consists mostly of pre-prints, case reports, small case series.Conclusion. After analyzing the available literature, it can be concluded that the majority of authors confirm the positive effect associated with taking tocilizumab, as evidenced by a very rapid improvement in the condition of patients, however, the CT-findings often does not correlate with the clinical course of the disease and does not always show improvement in lung tissue, which should not be regarded as negative dynamics, but as a natural regression of pathological changes in lung tissue.
Treatment of Locoregional Recurrences of Skin Melanoma (a Clinical Case)
Authors: Ganusevich O. N. , Nesterovich T. N. , Fedorkevich I. V. , Yakovenko A. S. 
Published: June 2020

Aim.To demonstrate an interesting clinical case of treating a patient with intradermal melanoma metastases.Materials and methods.A patient with intradermal melanoma metastases was given a combined treatment including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and immunotherapy (intradermal administration of an immunological preparation into metastatic foci).Results.A clinical case of a patient with a locoregional recurrence of skin melanoma (SM) of the left lower leg was described. Given the prevalence of the pathological substrate and the presence of concomitant pathologies, two treatment methods were selected – PDT and intradermal administration of interferon into metastatic foci. These methods provided both the local and systemic effect. As a result, the stabilisation of the tumour process was achieved.Conclusion.Combined treatment of locoregional recurrences of skin melanoma using PDT and intrametastatic injections of immunopreparations can be used as an alternative to surgical intervention in somatically weakened patients with a large area of intradermal metastases, which will allow the tumour process to be stabilised. In cases where the area of locoregional intradermal recurrences in somatically compensated patients does not permit surgical treatment, the proposed technique may be the only possible treatment method.
First Experience of Endovascular Recanalization and Stenting of the Chronic Post-Thrombotic Occlusion of the Inferior Vena Cava and Both Common Iliac Veins in Krasnodar Krai
Authors: Oganesyan O. A. , Bukhtoyarov A. Yu. , Lyaskovskiy K. O. , Nikitin S. P. , Chekhoev S. V. , Soloninkin I. S. , Isaeva I. V. , Bogdan A. P. , Oganesyan A. A. , Gabriel’ S. A. , Durleshter V. M. 
Published: June 2020

Aim. To present the first experience of a successful endovascular recanalisation and stenting of chronic post-thrombotic occlusion of the inferior vena cava and both common iliac veins in Krasnodar Krai.Methods and materials. A man, 72 years old, was admitted with the complaints of intermittent claudication, pronounced edema of both lower limbs, compaction and hyperpigmentation of the skin of the lower legs. Using ultrasound and computed tomography angiography, chronic post-thrombotic occlusion of the inferior vena cava and common iliac veins was established. The severe course of post-thrombotic syndrome (15 points on the Villalta scale) and the failure of conservative treatment were regarded as indications for performing endovascular surgery. Through puncture accesses in both common femoral veins and in the right internal jugular vein, guides were introduced through the occlusion zone, and balloon angioplasty was performed, followed by stenting of the common iliac veins and the inferior vena cava.Results. In-hospital and 4-month treatment results were analysed. The postoperative period was uneventful. The patient noted a decrease in the feeling of heaviness and edema in the lower extremities, as well as an increase in walking distance. A follow-up examination was performed following 4 months. The functional status significantly improved. The Villalta score was 4 points (absence or mild post-thrombotic syndrome). Ultrasound examination and computed tomography angiography established the patency of the stents in the inferior vena cava and in the common iliac veins.Conclusion. Endovascular recanalisation and stenting of the inferior vena cava and common iliac veins is an effective treatment for severe post-thrombotic syndrome.
Еволюція публічної дипломатії та іміджу Швеції (40-90-ті роки ХХ ст.)
Authors: Belinska Tetiana , Vovchuk Liudmyla 
Published: June 2020

Публічна дипломатія Швеції поступально розвивається ось уже упродовж сімдесяти років. Початковою метою публічної дипломатії Швеції було позбавлення від негативних наслідків політики нейтралітету в період Другої світової війни, а упродовж 50-80-х рр. ХХ ст. – зробити країну більш помітною на міжнародній арені за допомогою паралельного просування національних особливостей та інтересів. Публічна дипломатія Швеції значно видозмінюється у 1990-х рр., змістивши свій фокус уваги на особливості культурного і суспільного життя, при цьому практично уникаючи актуальної політичної повістки.