bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre-innervated tissue-engineered muscle promotes a pro-regenerative microenvironment following volumetric muscle loss
Authors: Das Suradip , Browne Kevin D. , Laimo Franco A. , Maggiore Joseph C. , Hilman Melanie C. , Kaisaier Halimulati , Aguilar Carlos A. , Ali Zarina S. , Mourkioti Foteini , Cullen D. Kacy 
Published: June 2020

AbstractVolumetric muscle loss (VML) is the traumatic or surgical loss of skeletal muscle beyond the inherent regenerative capacity of the body, generally leading to severe functional deficit. Formation of appropriate somato-motor innervations remains one of the biggest challenges for both autologous grafts as well as tissue-engineered muscle constructs. We aim to address this challenge by developing pre-innervated tissue-engineered muscle comprised of long aligned networks of spinal motor neurons and skeletal myocytes on aligned nanofibrous scaffolds. Motor neurons led to enhanced differentiation and maturation of skeletal myocytes in vitro. These pre-innervated tissue-engineered muscle constructs when implanted in a rat VML model significantly increased satellite cell density, neuromuscular junction maintenance, graft revascularization, and muscle volume over three weeks as compared to myocyte-only constructs and nanofiber scaffolds alone. These pro-regenerative effects may enhance functional neuromuscular regeneration following VML, thereby improving the levels of functional recovery following these devastating injuries.
Standardizing Assessment of Spoken Discourse in Aphasia: A Working Group With Deliverables
Authors: Stark Brielle C. , Dutta Manaswita , Murray Laura L. , Bryant Lucy , Fromm Davida , MacWhinney Brian , Ramage Amy E. , Roberts Angela , den Ouden Dirk B. , Brock Kris , McKinney-Bock Katy , Paek Eun Jin , Harmon Tyson G. , Yoon Si On , Themistocleous Charalambos , Yoo Hyunsoo , Aveni Katharine , Gutierrez Stephanie , Sharma Saryu 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The heterogeneous nature of measures, methods, and analyses reported in the aphasia spoken discourse literature precludes comparison of outcomes across studies (e.g., meta-analyses) and inhibits replication. Furthermore, funding and time constraints significantly hinder collecting test–retest data on spoken discourse outcomes. This research note describes the development and structure of a working group, designed to address major gaps in the spoken discourse aphasia literature, including a lack of standardization in methodology, analysis, and reporting, as well as nominal data regarding the psychometric properties of spoken discourse outcomes.

Method
The initial initiatives for this working group are to (a) propose recommendations regarding standardization of spoken discourse collection, analysis, and reporting in aphasia, based on the results of an international survey and a systematic literature review and (b) create a database of test–retest spoken discourse data from individuals with and without aphasia. The survey of spoken discourse collection, analysis, and interpretation procedures was distributed to clinicians and researchers involved in aphasia assessment and rehabilitation from September to November 2019. We will publish survey results and recommend standards for collecting, analyzing, and reporting spoken discourse in aphasia. A multisite endeavor to collect test–retest spoken discourse data from individuals with and without aphasia will be initiated. This test–retest information will be contributed to a central site for transcription and analysis, and data will be subsequently openly curated.

Conclusion
The goal of the working group is to create recommendations for field-wide standards in methods, analysis, and reporting of spoken discourse outcomes, as has been done across other related disciplines (e.g., Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials, Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health Research, Committee on Best Practice in Data Analysis and Sharing). Additionally, the creation of a database through our multisite collaboration will allow the identification of psychometrically sound outcome measures and norms that can be used by clinicians and researchers to assess spoken discourse abilities in aphasia.
Exploring the Potential Impact of Sentence-Level Comprehension and Sentence-Level Fluency on Deaf Students' Passage Comprehension
Authors: Zhao Ying , Wu Xinchun , Chen Hongjun , Sun Peng , Xie Ruibo , Feng Jie 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
This exploratory study aimed to investigate the potential impact of sentence-level comprehension and sentence-level fluency on passage comprehension of deaf students in elementary school.

Method

A total of 159 deaf students, 65 students (
M
age
= 13.46 years) in Grades 3 and 4 and 94 students (
M
age
= 14.95 years) in Grades 5 and 6, were assessed for nonverbal intelligence, vocabulary knowledge, sentence-level comprehension, sentence-level fluency, and passage comprehension. Group differences were examined using
t
tests, whereas the predictive and mediating mechanisms were examined using regression modeling.

Results
The regression analyses showed that the effect of sentence-level comprehension on passage comprehension was not significant, whereas sentence-level fluency was an independent predictor in Grades 3–4. Sentence-level comprehension and fluency contributed significant variance to passage comprehension in Grades 5–6. Sentence-level fluency fully mediated the influence of sentence-level comprehension on passage comprehension in Grades 3–4, playing a partial mediating role in Grades 5–6.

Conclusions
The relative contributions of sentence-level comprehension and fluency to deaf students' passage comprehension varied, and sentence-level fluency mediated the relationship between sentence-level comprehension and passage comprehension.
Bandwidth and gain enhancement of triple‐band MIMO antenna incorporating metasurface‐based reflector for WLAN/WiMAX applications
Authors: Ameen Mohammad , Ahmad Ozair , Chaudhary Raghvendra Kumar 
Published: June 2020

In this work, a compact two‐element triple‐band multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna loaded with reflective type metasurface (MS) for enhancing the gain, isolation and impedance bandwidth (IBW) is presented. The two‐element radiator antenna consists of a microstrip feed line on the upper side of the substrate and defected ground structure (DGS) on the backside on which multiple slots are etched for obtaining triple‐band antenna performance. Due to DGS loading, the entire dimensions of the single radiator antenna are reduced to 22 × 22 × 1.6 mm3 with smaller electrical dimensions of 0.17λ0 × 0.17λ0 × 0.012λ0 at the first resonating frequency. The proposed two‐port MIMO antenna with MS operates at 2.36–2.50, 3.43–3.50 and 5.15–5.88 GHz with percentage bandwidths of 5.76, 2.02 and 13.22% for the three operating bands. Due to MS loading, a gain improvement of 5.49, 4.57 and 0.80 dBi is noticed with a maximum gain of 3.98, 5.25 and 2.66 dBi is obtained at the three operating frequencies of 2.46, 3.51 and 5.32 GHz, respectively. The intended antenna is appropriate for working in IEEE 802.11 b/g/n (2.4–2.484 GHz) WLAN, IEEE 802.11 a/h/j (5.15–5.825 GHz) WLAN, and IEEE 802.16e (3.4–3.5 GHz) WiMAX wireless applications.
Observations of a mix of cold and warm electrons by RPC-MIP at 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Authors: Gilet N. , Henri P. , Wattieaux G. , Traoré N. , Eriksson A. I. , Vallières X. , Moré J. , Randriamboarison O. , Odelstad E. , Johansson F. L. , Rubin M. 
Published: June 2020

Context. The Mutual Impedance Probe (MIP) of the Rosetta Plasma Consortium (RPC) onboard the Rosetta orbiter which was in operation for more than two years, between August 2014 and September 2016 to monitor the electron density in the cometary ionosphere of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Based on the resonance principle of the plasma eigenmodes, recent models of the mutual impedance experiment have shown that in a two-electron temperature plasma, such an instrument is able to separate the two isotropic electron populations and retrieve their properties.
Aims. The goal of this paper is to identify and characterize regions of the cometary ionized environment filled with a mix of cold and warm electron populations, which was observed by Rosetta during the cometary operation phase.
Methods. To reach this goal, this study identifies and investigates the in situ mutual impedance spectra dataset of the RPC-MIP instrument that contains the characteristics of a mix of cold and warm electrons, with a special focus on instrumental signatures typical of large cold-to-total electron density ratio (from 60 to 90%), that is, regions strongly dominated by the cold electron component.
Results. We show from the observational signatures that the mix of cold and warm cometary electrons strongly depends on the cometary latitude. Indeed, in the southern hemisphere of 67P, where the neutral outgassing activity was higher than in northern hemisphere during post-perihelion, the cold electrons were more abundant, confirming the role of electron-neutral collisions in the cooling of cometary electrons. We also show that the cold electrons are mainly observed outside the nominal electron-neutral collision-dominated region (exobase), where electrons are expected to have cooled down. This which indicates that the cold electrons have been transported outward. Finally, RPC-MIP detected cold electrons far from the perihelion, where the neutral outgassing activity is lower, in regions where no electron exobase was expected to have formed. This suggests that the cometary neutrals provide a more frequent or efficient cooling of the electrons than expected for a radially expanding ionosphere.
Prevalence and genotypic identification of Cryptosporidium in free-ranging and farm-raised donkeys (Equus asinus asinus) in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Wang Wen , Zhang Zhenjie , Zhang Ying , Zhao Aiyun , Jing Bo , Zhang Longxian , Liu Pengtao , Qi Meng , Zhao Wei 
Published: June 2020

The prevalence and zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium in donkeys is poorly understood. Here, 680 fecal specimens were collected from 178 free-ranging and 502 farmed donkeys in Xinjiang, China. Cryptosporidium was identified using PCR amplification of the small subunit of ribosomal DNA. Cryptosporidium-positive isolates were subtyped using PCR analysis of the 60 kDa glycoprotein gene (gp60). The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium was 2.4% (16/680), with 3.2% (16/502) in farmed donkeys and 0% (0/178) in free-ranging donkeys. Cryptosporidium hominis (n = 13), C. parvum (n = 1) and Cryptosporidium horse genotype (n = 2) were identified. The C. hominis isolates belonged to two subtypes, IkA16 (n = 9) and IkA16G1 (n = 4). The subtype of C. parvum was IIdA15G1, whereas the two Cryptosporidium horse genotype isolates were of subtype VIaA15G4. The predominance of C. hominis in donkeys suggests that these animals are infected through human contact.
Correlation between anthropometric measurements and activity level on length and diameter of semitendinosus tendon autograft in knee ligament surgery: A prospective observational study
Authors: Goyal Tarun , Paul Souvik , Das Lakshmana , Choudhury Arghya Kundu 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Preoperative estimation of graft parameters can be useful while using hamstring grafts in knee ligament surgeries. Anthropometric parameters may be an easy way to predict the length and diameter of hamstring tendons. A prospective study was conducted to find the correlation between different anthropometric parameters and activity level of the patient on the length and diameter of the graft. Separate regression equations for males and females were also derived for easy prediction.Methods: Data were obtained from 95 patients who underwent arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with autologous hamstring tendon graft. Variables studied were age, sex, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), thigh circumference, thigh length, Tegner activity level, diameter (double and quadruple) and length of semitendinosus tendon graft.Results: Height of the patient had strong correlation with graft length (r = 0.41,p < 0.001), double diameter (r = 0.29,p = 0.008) and quadruple diameter (r = 0.3,p = 0.006). Weight of the patients had strong positive correlation with graft length (r = 0.34,p = 0.002) and quadruple diameter (r = 0.34,p = 0.002). Thigh length was found to be positively correlating with graft length (r = 0.43,p < 0.001), double diameter (r = 0.29,p = 0.007) and quadruple diameter of graft (r = 0.34,p = 0.002). BMI and thigh circumference of the patients were not found to correlate with graft size. Male patients were found to have longer semitendinosus graft and larger double and quadruple diameter of the graft. There was no association between the Tegner activity scale and graft size. Regression equations between graft length and quadruple diameter and the anthropometric parameters are also derived.Conclusion: Height, weight and thigh length are useful anthropometric parameters in the prediction of hamstring tendon size. However, the patient’s Tegner activity level was not found to be associated with size of the hamstring tendon.
Predictive Effect of Inflammatory Response and Foot Ulcer
Localization on Outcome in Younger and Older Individuals with Infected Diabetic
Foot Syndrome
Authors: Dörr Stefan , Schlecht Michael , Chatzitomaris Apostolos , Weisser Gregor , Lucke-Paulig Lara , Friedl Alexander , Joachim Regina , Lobmann Ralf 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) is the most important cause for non-traumatic
major amputation in adult individuals and actually one of the most frightening
events in diabetics’ life. Despite the often protracted treatment of
infected DFS at the end patients are often confronted with amputation. We
investigated 352 individuals with infected DFS in two age separated-groups.
Older individuals presented with significant worse renal function and lower
HbA1c on day of admittance. Most detected ulcers involved the plantar sides of
the metatarsal heads (MTH) and the toes. We saw an age-dependent translocation
of foot ulcers from plantar and hindfoot to the forefoot and toes. In average
every third wound provoked amputation, in the majority (94%) minor
amputations, only 1.9% major amputations occurred. Lesions of the
5th toe or its MTH and interdigital or interphalangeal joint
ulcers led to amputation in more than 60%. Worse renal function and WBC
above 11 tsd/µl were linked with higher amputation risk. But in
particular current scoring systems like SINBAD or Wagner-Armstrong scale and
thus finally clinician’s assessment of the wound situation gave a
substantial hint for subsequent amputation – regardless of age.
Ernährung von Kindern im Vorschulalter
Authors: Kersting Mathilde , Voss Susanne 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungEpidemiologische Daten zeigen, dass die Prävention von Kinderübergewicht vor allem im Vorschulalter erfolgversprechend ist. Eine gesunde Ernährung mit Wasser als Regelgetränk, zu jeder Mahlzeit Rohkost, Gemüse oder Obst und mindestens einmal am Tag eine Familienmahlzeit kann dazu wesentlich beitragen. Als Orientierung kann das Präventionskonzept der Optimierten Mischkost für Kinder und Jugendliche dienen, das sich auch für Eltern und Betreuer eignet.
Avaliação radiográfica da consolidação das fraturas desviadas do colo cirúrgico do úmero tratadas com fixação percutânea
Authors: Simionato Ivan Fadanelli , Brunelli João Pedro Farina , Ferreira Marco Tonding , Matsumoto Fabio Yoshihiro , Britto Almiro Gerszon , Mothes Fernando Carlos 
Published: June 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar radiograficamente os resultados pós-operatórios dos pacientes com fratura da extremidade proximal do úmero em duas partes do colo cirúrgico tratados com fixação percutânea com fios rosqueados.
Métodos Avaliamos radiograficamente os resultados da fixação percutânea com fios rosqueados das fraturas da extremidade proximal do úmero realizadas em nosso serviço. Foram avaliadas as imagens pré- e pós-operatórias de 42 pacientes, avaliando-se radiografias com até 8 semanas de pós-operatório. Consideramos na avaliação o desvio da fratura pré-operatório, a perda da redução e a consolidação da fratura.
Resultados O índice de consolidação nos casos avaliados foi de 90,4%, com perda da redução em 16,6% dos casos e não obtida a consolidação em apenas 4 casos. Foi observada uma predominância de determinado padrão de fratura nos casos que perderam a redução.
Conclusão O estudo permitiu considerar a técnica de fixação percutânea com fios rosqueados uma alternativa no arsenal terapêutico da fratura da extremidade proximal do úmero do colo cirúrgico, com contraindicação para os traços de fratura baixos na metáfise e com acometimento da cortical medial/lateral.
Moral Features of the Therapeutic Relationship with Adults: Dignity, Trust, Autonomy, Vulnerability, and Resilience
Authors: Horner Jennifer 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUsing dignity as a foundational value of morality, this article defines trust, autonomy, vulnerability, and resilience in relational terms. A fictional narrative illustrates these attributes as well as solidarity and care, two core tenets of relational ethics. Medicine and rehabilitation are described as moral enterprises with respect for persons at the core of our professional obligations to patients—namely, duties of care, trustworthiness, and loyalty. Clinically, promoting autonomy, decreasing vulnerability, and fostering resilience are encouraged, with particular emphasis on avoiding words or actions (or inactions) that could cause patients to feel discouraged or depersonalized. In conclusion, the purpose of our work with persons with aphasia and other communication disorders is to help them live their lives as fully as possible, despite their life-changing losses. Viewing our therapeutic relationships with them in relational moral terms can enhance our work.
Autonomy and the Patient with Right Hemisphere Cognitive-Communication Deficits: Ethical Considerations in Rehabilitation Practice
Authors: Cherney Leora R. , Kinsey Laura , Larkin Conlon Elissa 
Published: June 2020

AbstractClinicians must often contend with ethical issues that arise during rehabilitation. When a patient has right hemisphere damage (RHD), these concerns may be exacerbated because of the presence of cognitive deficits. In this article, we focus on the ethical principle of respect for autonomy, which raises issues relevant to patients with RHD who have impaired executive control functions. Respect for autonomy involves respecting others in terms of their decision-making and subsequent actions. Disagreements may occur between members of the rehabilitation team, the patient, and family about the decisions that the patient makes. Clinicians may have concerns about the patient's capacity to make informed decisions. Indeed, in some cases, because the patient is “talking,” the verbal skills may mask the impairments in underlying cognitive processes. We provide two case examples of patients with RHD with sufficient language skills to express their choices, but cognitive deficits that affect their decision-making abilities. We use a clinical decision-making model adapted from Jonsen et al to discuss the cases. In both cases, the rehabilitation team strives to balance what they deem to be in the best interest of the patient while continuing to respect the patient's autonomy.
Increased Prevalence, Complications, and Costs of Smokers Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Rajaee Sean S. , Debbi Eytan M. , Paiement Guy D. , Spitzer Andrew I. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGiven a national push toward bundled payment models, the purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence as well as the effect of smoking on early inpatient complications and cost following elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the United States across multiple years. Using the nationwide inpatient sample, all primary elective TKA admissions were identified from 2012 to 2014. Patients were stratified by smoking status through a secondary diagnosis of “tobacco use disorder.” Patient characteristics as well as prevalence, costs, and incidence of complications were compared. There was a significant increase in the rate of smoking in TKA from 17.9% in 2012 to 19.2% in 2014 (p < 0.0001). The highest rate was seen in patients < 45 years of age (27.3%). Hospital resource usage was significantly higher for smokers, with a length of stay of 3.3 versus 2.9 days (p < 0.0001), and hospital costs of $16,752 versus $15,653 (p < 0.0001). A multivariable logistic model adjusting for age, gender, and comorbidities showed that smokers had an increased odds ratio for myocardial infarction (5.72), cardiac arrest (4.59), stroke (4.42), inpatient mortality (4.21), pneumonia (4.01), acute renal failure (2.95), deep vein thrombosis (2.74), urinary tract infection (2.43), transfusion (1.38) and sepsis (0.65) (all p < 0.0001). Smoking is common among patients undergoing elective TKA, and its prevalence continues to rise. Smoking is associated with higher hospital costs as well as higher rates of immediate inpatient complications. These findings are critical for risk stratification, improving of bundled payment models as well as patient education, and optimization prior to surgery to reduce costs and complications.
Estimation of Profunda Artery Perforator Flap Weight Using Preoperative Computed Tomography Angiography
Authors: Greige Nicolas , Nash David , Salibian Ara A. , Sultan Steven M. , Ricci Joseph A. , Thanik Vishal D. , Weichman Katie E. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Given the relatively small size of thigh-based flaps and the possible necessity for a multiflap reconstruction, it is imperative to arrive at an accurate estimation of flap weight during preoperative planning. It was our objective to develop a novel technique for the preoperative estimation of profunda artery perforator (PAP) flap weight.
Methods All patients that underwent transverse PAP flap breast reconstruction at two institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Subcutaneous tissue thicknesses were measured on axial computed tomography angiography scans at several predetermined points. The distance from the inferior gluteal crease to the PAP was also recorded. Linear regression was used to estimate flap weight.
Results A total of 18 patients (32 flaps) were analyzed. The median intraoperative flap weight was 299 g (interquartile range [IQR]: 235–408). The parsimonious model (R
2 = 0.80) estimated flap weight using the Eq. 77.9x + 33.8y + 43.4z – 254.3, where x is subcutaneous tissue thickness (cm) at the lateral border of long head of the biceps femoris at a level 4.5 cm caudal to the inferior gluteal fold, y is distance (cm) from the inferior gluteal fold to the dominant PAP, and z has a value of 1 if the patient was scanned in the supine position or 0 if prone. The aforementioned formula yielded a median estimated flap weight of 305 g (IQR: 234–402) and a median percent error of 10.5% (IQR: 6.1–16.2).
Conclusion The authors demonstrate a simple and accurate formula for the preoperative estimation of transverse PAP flap weight for breast reconstruction.