bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of metallo-β-lactamase genes among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from various clinical samples in China
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Xiaoya 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen which is associated with nosocomial infections and causes various diseases including urinary tract infection, pneumonia, soft-tissue infection and sepsis. The emergence of P. aeruginosa-acquired metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) is most worrisome and poses a serious threat during treatment and infection control. The objective of this study was to identify antibiotic susceptibility, phenotypic detection of MBL production and to determine the prevalence of MBL genes in carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolated from different clinical samples.

Methods
A total of 329 non-duplicate P. aeruginosa isolated from various clinical samples from two hospitals in China between September 2017 and March 2019 were included in this study. Phenotypic detection of MBL was performed by the combined detection method using imipenem and imipenem-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) discs. MBL-encoding genes including bla
VIM-1
, bla
VIM-2
, bla
IMP-1
, bla
IMP-2
, bla
SPM-1
, bla
SIM
, bla
NDM-1
and bla
GIM
were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results
Of the 329 P. aeruginosa, majority of the isolates were resistant to imipenem (77.5%) followed by meropenem (64.7%). Of the 270 P. aeruginosa isolates tested, 149 (55.2%) isolates were found to be positive for MBL detection. Of the different samples, 57.8% (n = 26) of P. aeruginosa isolated from blood were found to be positive for MBL production. Of the various MBL genes, bla
IMP-1
(28.2%) was the most predominant gene detected followed by bla
VIM-2
(18.8%), bla
VIM-1
(16.1%), bla
NDM-1
(9.4%), bla
IMP-2
(6.7%), bla
SIM
(6.0%), bla
SPM-1
(4.0%) and bla
GIM
(1.3%) genes.

Conclusions
The high resistance of P. aeruginosa toward imipenem and meropenem and the high prevalence of bla
IMP-1
and bla
VIM-2
set the alarm on the increasing, perhaps the increased, carbapenem resistance. In addition to routine antibiotic susceptibility testings, our results emphasize the importance of both the phenotypic and genotypic MBL detection methods in routine practice for early detection of carbapenem resistance and to prevent further dissemination of this resistant pathogen.
Crystal structure of [O-ethyl N-(4-nitrophenyl)thiocarbamato-κS](tri-4-tolylphosphine-κP)gold(I) tetrahydrofuran solvate, C30H30AuN2O3PS, C4H8O
Authors: Kuan Fong Sheen , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
C34H38AuN2O4PS, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 10.2034(8) Å, b = 11.5755(9) Å, c = 15.7533(12) Å, α = 69.948(2)°, β = 86.496(2)°, γ = 71.370(2)°, V = 1653.8(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0355, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0858, T = 223(2) K.
A Novel Mode of Sympathetic Reflex Activation Mediated by the Enteric Nervous System
Authors: Hibberd T. J. , Yew W. P. , Chen B. N. , Costa M. , Brookes S. J. , Spencer N. J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEnteric viscerofugal neurons provide a pathway by which the enteric nervous system (ENS), otherwise confined to the gut wall, can activate sympathetic neurons in prevertebral ganglia. Firing transmitted through these pathways is currently considered fundamentally mechanosensory. The mouse colon generates a cyclical pattern of neurogenic contractile activity, called the colonic motor complex (CMC). Motor complexes involve a highly coordinated firing pattern in myenteric neurons with a frequency of ∼2 Hz. However, it remains unknown how viscerofugal neurons are activated and communicate with the sympathetic nervous system during this naturally-occurring motor pattern. Here, viscerofugal neurons were recorded extracellularly from rectal nerve trunks in isolated tube and flat-sheet preparations of mouse colon held at fixed circumferential length. In freshly dissected preparations, motor complexes were associated with bursts of viscerofugal firing at 2 Hz that aligned with 2-Hz smooth muscle voltage oscillations. This behavior persisted during muscle paralysis with nicardipine. Identical recordings were made after a 4- to 5-d organotypic culture during which extrinsic nerves degenerated, confirming that recordings were from viscerofugal neurons. Single unit analysis revealed the burst firing pattern emerging from assemblies of viscerofugal neurons differed from individual neurons, which typically made partial contributions, highlighting the importance and extent of ENS-mediated synchronization. Finally, sympathetic neuron firing was recorded from the central nerve trunks emerging from the inferior mesenteric ganglion. Increased sympathetic neuron firing accompanied all motor complexes with a 2-Hz burst pattern similar to viscerofugal neurons. These data provide evidence for a novel mechanism of sympathetic reflex activation derived from synchronized firing output generated by the ENS.
The Right to Privacy and Medical Confidentiality – Some Remarks in Light of ECtHR Case Law
Authors: Wnukiewicz-Kozłowska Agata 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article is devoted to a selection of ECtHR judgements concerning the right of a patient to have his or her privacy respected, and the corresponding duty of doctors to keep medical confidentiality. The case law of this court confirms the fundamental importance of trust between the patient and the therapist. It also underlines that one important scope of the right to privacy is the patient’s medical data, which is subject to legal protection. The law allows for a limitation of the obligation to maintain medical confidentiality, but only on the basis and within the limits of the law.
The onset of acute Charcot neuroarthropathy during pregnancy in patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Dardari Dured , Penfornis Alfred , Hartemann Agnes 
Published: July 2020

Summary
We report the onset of acute Charcot neuroarthropathy during pregnancy in two patients with type 1 diabetes using retrospective review of case notes. We describe for the first time the onset of acute Charcot neuroarthropathy during pregnancy in two patients with type 1 diabetes. Pregnancy may promote the onset and worsening of a number of diabetic complications. A link between pregnancy and the onset of acute Charcot neuroarthropathy is demonstrated for the first time in this report.

Learning points:

Patients with already diagnosed sensitive neuropathy can develop an active phase of Charcot neuroarthropathy during pregnancy.

The rapid correction of hyperglycaemia may induce an active phase of Charcot neuroarthropathy during pregnancy.
How important is obesity as a risk factor for respiratory failure, intensive care admission and death in hospitalised COVID-19 patients? Results from a single Italian centre
Authors: Rottoli Matteo , Bernante Paolo , Belvedere Angela , Balsamo Francesca , Garelli Silvia , Giannella Maddalena , Cascavilla Alessandra , Tedeschi Sara , Ianniruberto Stefano , Rosselli Del Turco Elena , Tonetti Tommaso , Ranieri Vito Marco , Poggioli Gilberto , Manzoli Lamberto , Pagotto Uberto , Viale Pierluigi , Bartoletti Michele 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
Specific comorbidities and old age create a greater vulnerability to severe Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19). While obesity seems to aggravate the course of disease, the actual impact of the BMI and the cutoff which increases illness severity are still under investigation. The aim of the study was to analyze whether the BMI represented a risk factor for respiratory failure, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and death.

Research design and methods:
A retrospective cohort study of 482 consecutive COVID-19 patients hospitalised between March 1 and April 20, 2020. Logistic regression analysis and Cox proportion Hazard models including demographic characteristics and comorbidities were carried out to predict the endpoints within 30 days from the onset of symptoms.

Results:
Of 482 patients, 104 (21.6%) had a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. At logistic regression analysis, a BMI between 30 and 34.9 kg/m2 significantly increased the risk of respiratory failure (OR: 2.32; 95% CI: 1.31–4.09, P = 0.004) and admission to the ICU (OR: 4.96; 95% CI: 2.53–9.74, P < 0.001). A significantly higher risk of death was observed in patients with a BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 (OR: 12.1; 95% CI: 3.25–45.1, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Obesity is a strong, independent risk factor for respiratory failure, admission to the ICU and death among COVID-19 patients. A BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 identifies a population of patients at high risk for severe illness, whereas a BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 dramatically increases the risk of death.
CeMbio - TheCaenorhabditis elegansMicrobiome Resource
Authors: Dirksen Philipp , Assié Adrien , Zimmermann Johannes , Zhang Fan , Tietje Adina-Malin , Marsh Sarah Arnaud , Félix Marie-Anne , Shapira Michael , Kaleta Christoph , Schulenburg Hinrich , Samuel Buck S 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe study of microbiomes by sequencing has revealed a plethora of correlations between microbial community composition and various life-history characteristics of the corresponding host species. However, inferring causation from correlation is often hampered by the sheer compositional complexity of microbiomes, even in simple organisms. Synthetic communities offer an effective approach to infer cause-effect relationships in host-microbiome systems. Yet the available communities suffer from several drawbacks, such as artificial (thus non-natural) choice of microbes, microbe-host mismatch (e.g., human microbes in gnotobiotic mice), or hosts lacking genetic tractability. Here we introduce CeMbio, a simplified natural Caenorhabditis elegans microbiota derived from our previous meta-analysis of the natural microbiome of this nematode. The CeMbio resource is amenable to all strengths of the C. elegans model system, strains included are readily culturable, they all colonize the worm gut individually, and comprise a robust community that distinctly affects nematode life-history. Several tools have additionally been developed for the CeMbio strains, including diagnostic PCR primers, completely sequenced genomes, and metabolic network models. With CeMbio, we provide a versatile resource and toolbox for the in-depth dissection of naturally relevant host-microbiome interactions in C. elegans.
Just a Unicorn
Authors: Stephens Kat J. 
Published: July 2020

Kat J. Stephens is a higher education Ph.D. student at University of Massachusetts Amherst. She’s earned a Master of Education from Teachers College, Columbia University, in Higher & Postsecondary Education. Her larger research interests are social justice & identity development. As an Afro-Guyanese immigrant, her research interests reflects: Caribbean students, Afro-Caribbean racial identity formation, transnationalism, Black women students with ADHD & Autism, & gifted community college & transfer students. Her work here is inspired by her life and those of other Black women & girls in educational spaces. This poem serves to highlight her frustrations, while encouraging Black women to take space in disability centered environments, and universities to adequately support such individuals.
Machine Learning based Improved Gaussian Mixture Model for IoT Real-Time Data Analysis
Authors: Sivadi Sivadi , Moorthy Moorthy , Solanki Vijender 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: The article is the product of the research “Due to the increase in popularity of Internet of Things (IoT), a huge amount of sensor data is being generated from various smart city applications”, developed at Pondicherry University in the year 2019.
Problem:To acquire and analyze the huge amount of sensor-generated data effectively is a significant problem when processing the data.
Objective: To propose a novel framework for IoT sensor data analysis using machine learning based improved Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) by acquired real-time data.
Methodology:In this paper, the clustering based GMM models are used to find the density patterns on a daily or weekly basis for user requirements. The ThingSpeak cloud platform used for performing analysis and visualizations.
Results:An analysis has been performed on the proposed mechanism implemented on real-time traffic data with Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F-Score as measures.
Conclusions:The results indicate that the proposed mechanism is efficient when compared with the state-of-the-art schemes.
Originality:Applying GMM and ThingSpeak Cloud platform to perform analysis on IoT real-time data is the first approach to find traffic density patterns on busy roads.
Restrictions:There is a need to develop the application for mobile users to find the optimal traffic routes based on density patterns. The authors could not concentrate on the security aspect for finding density patterns.
Design of the organizational structure and coordination of an observatory based on collective intelligence
Authors: Bohorquez Arévalo Luz Esperanza , Castillo Rodríguez Nelson Stiven , Farfán González Mónica Sofia 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: This article is the product of research developed within the framework of the Emple-ap Project, throughout 2019 at the School of Industrial Engineering, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas. Problem: Limitations in the use of traditional hierarchical structures for the management of organizations based on control hierarchies, due to their difficulty in operating efficiently in human social systems (HSS). Objective: To generate a general proposal to understand the structure and organizational management for the observatory of employability of the Pacific Alliance (PA) supported by collective intelligence (CI) and high reliability organization (HRO). Methodology: The methodology for the development of the proposal is supported on grounded theory, in which the design emerges from the statements made in previous research. Results: Based on the results of the review, it presents a proposal for organizational structure for the observatory, emphasizing the alternatives to divide and coordinate the work and the important characteristics of the structure to facilitate the exploitation of available resources. Conclusion: The CI and reliable organizations, are a different and decentralized way of management in organizations that allow you to create more flexible and robust systems. This study creates a general outline of the characteristics and main preconditions that must have a system based on CI. Originality: The main contribution of this research lies in the design of an organizational structure, different from the traditional hierarchical structure, supported by CI for the management of an entire organization. Limitations: Currently, there are no great advances with respect to organizational structures or alternatives to the traditional hierarchies of control, despite limitations in information processing and the impact that has on performance.
Halal Tourism Development Analysis in Lombok Island
Authors: Taqwiem Ahsani , Al Rasyid Muhammad Harun , Maulidi Ali 
Published: July 2020

The enormous economic potential of halal tourism has recently begun to be discussed. Crescent Rating data notes that in 2014 Muslims spend about USD126.1 billion globally on Islamic tourism, and Indonesia as the 6th most popular halal tourism site in the world. This potential needs to be cultivated by Indonesia. Lombok Island as one of the most popular Islamic tourism destinations in Indonesia - in 2015 it received two awards (the Best World Halal Tourism Destination and World Best Halal Honeymoon Destination). The governor of Nusa Tenggara Barat Zuelkiflimansyah has expressed interest in further developing halal tourism in Lombok by promoting some additional destinations such as Senggigi Beach, Gili Trawangan, and Rinjani Mountain. This paper offers SWOT analysis of the development of halal tourism on the Lombok island.
Keywords: Islamic Economy, Halal Tourism, Lombok Island
Explaining Farmer’s Contract in Legundi, Ngawi Region: Agency Theory and Sharia Perspective
Authors: Satrio Aji Kuncoro Yoga , Rahmawati Farida 
Published: July 2020

Contracts are a condition for the emergence of cooperation in economic activity. In the agricultural sector, farmers' cooperation contracts will affect the distribution of income, which in turn will also affect their level of welfare. Cultivation of rice fields in Legundi Village, Karangjati Subdistrict, Ngawi Regency is carried out in the form of a cooperation contract involving the owners of the fields, the cultivators of the fields and farm laborers. This study aims to explore the existence of these contracts using the perspective of institutional economics and Islamic economics. The institutional perspective aims to identify the principal-agent position and analyze contractual problems arising from the employment relationship with agency theory indicators. While the perspective of Islamic economics aims to analyze how the form of the contract conforms with Islamic legal indicators. In this study, data collection procedures were carried out through interviews with respondents involved in all aspects of the rice cultivation cooperation contract. Data analysis begins by identifying the contract then analyzing the contractual issues. The contract identification results show that from an institutional perspective, the principal agent of the contract actors is the owner of a pure rice field or a rice field owner who doubles as a cultivator of a paddy as a principal. Based on sharia perspective this study found two forms of cooperation, namely ijarah which consists of ijarah 'ala al-a'yan and ijarah' ala al-a'mal and mukhabarah. The results of the analysis of the contract problem show that from an institutional perspective there is a moral hazard found in the production sharing contract, conflicting objectives in the lease contract, and adverse selection between the farmer group and Bulog. From the perspective of sharia there is an unclear risk of crop failure, lack of awareness of paying zakat mal, and the emergence of the risk of mutual suspicion in the mukhabarah.
Keywords: Agency Theory, Farmer’s Contract, Sharia Perspective
A Study of Literatures: Status of Alcohol in Cosmetics Products from Shariah Views in Malaysia
Authors: Baharum Nur Bahirah , Daud Awang Mohd , Arshad Syariena , Abd Gani Siti Salwa 
Published: July 2020

Alcohol is an organic solvent that is widely used in the manufacturing industry, especially in food and beverage products. It is also widely used in cosmetic industries to produce products such as perfume, moisturizer and other personal care products. Despite its widespread application, discussions regarding the use of alcohol in cosmetics from the Shariah and scientific perspectives are still very limited. Thus, the main focus of the present study is to consider the halal status of alcohol as an ingredient in Shariah-based cosmetic products in Malaysia. The analysis focuses on different aspects of Shariah law and also draws on scientific findings from previous studies. Opinion from scholars in Shariah and scientific field are examined in this articles, and the different types of alcohol found in cosmetic products are also discussed.
Keyword: alcohol, cosmetic products, Shariah
Re-Discovering the Ingenuity of Contemporary Malaysian Mosques’ Architecturral Characterisitic As One of the Prime Symbol of South-Asian Islamic Tourism Hub
Authors: Utaberta Nangkula , Sabil Azmal , Asif Nayeem 
Published: July 2020

To develop Malaysia into the most popular Islamic tourism hub in the world, it is important to identify and promote the uniqueness of Malaysia in terms of tourist spots, facilities and Muslim-friendly practices. Currently Malaysia faces tough competition with similar Islamic tourism hubs such as Turkey and the UAE. Staying ahead in this race requires efficient ‘Rebranding’ of the tourist spots and facilities. Malaysia’s tourism potential is enhanced by its rich cultural diversity. This is reflected by the wide range of architectural styles that contribute to Malaysia’s unique architecture. This is particularly evident in the country’s mosques which are constructed in various styles reflecting colonial, modernism and modern contemporary stylistic influences inspired by a number of ethnic subcultures, foreign influences, technology utilization, and the political environment. In this research, three contemporary mosques have been selected for investigation. Generally, the architectural styles of the modern mosque can be grouped into two categories. The first category contains the modern styles which emphasize the advancement in building technology and engineering (i.e. Masjid Tunku Mizan Zainal Abidin). The second category covers the Islamic influences found in countries including Turkey, the Middle East, and Northern Africa (i.e. Masjid Putra). This research will attempt to formulate framework to re-evaluate the classifications for these two categories, before suggesting how these distinctive features might encourage Islamic tourism in Malaysia.
Keyword: Tourism, Uniqueness, Contemporary Malaysian Mosque.
Participação social na perspectiva da educação popular: suas especificidades e potencialidades na Atenção Primária à Saúde / Social participation from the perspective...
Authors: Brutscher Volmir José , Cruz Pedro José Santos Carneiro 
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo aborda a participação social na perspectiva da educação popular, com o objetivo de analisar as especificidades e potencialidades da participação na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Caracteriza-se metodologicamente como abordagem teórica, situada nos referenciais da análise dialética, utilizando-se de bibliografia clássica e amplamente referenciada, bem como da livre observação de experiências acompanhadas. Como resultados, percebeu-se uma relação direta entre a participação social, orientada pela educação popular, e a peculiaridade da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Esta, embora caracterizada pelo diálogo fraterno e solidário, por vezes tenso e conflituoso, dá-se, sobretudo, de maneira fundamentalmente construtiva entre os diferentes sujeitos, saberes e prioridades. Assim, contribui para a distinção da APS no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) perante outros modelos de atenção e cuidado.Palavras-chave: Educação popular; Participação social; Atenção Primária à Saúde. Abstract: This article addresses social participation from the perspective of popular education, with the aim of analyzing the specificities and potential of participation in Primary Health Care (PHC). It is methodologically characterized as a theoretical approach, located in the references of dialectical analysis, using classic and widely referenced bibliography, as well as the free observation of accompanied experiences. As a result, there was a direct relationship between social participation, guided by popular education, and the peculiarity of Primary Health Care. This, although characterized by fraternal and solidary dialogue, sometimes tense and conflicting, occurs, above all, in a fundamentally constructive way between different subjects, knowledge and priorities. Thus, it contributes to the distinction of PHC in the Unified Health System (SUS) in relation to other models of care and care.Keywords: Popular education; Social participation; Primary Health Care.