bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residual functional SYNTAX score by quantitative flow ratio and improvement of exercise capacity after revascularization
Authors: Lee Seung Hun , Choi Ki Hong , Lee Joo Myung , Shin Doosup , Hwang Doyeon , Kim Hyun Kuk , Doh Joon‐Hyung , Nam Chang‐Wook , Shin Eun‐Seok , Jang Mi Ja , Im Se Young , Park Taek Kyu , Yang Jeong Hoon , Song Young Bin , Hahn Joo‐Yong , Choi Seung‐Hyuk , Koo Bon‐Kwon , Gwon Hyeon‐Cheol 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the association between improvement in exercise capacity and functional completeness of revascularization, determined by residual functional SYNTAX score (rFSS), which is the sum of residual SYNTAX score of the vessels with post‐ percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) quantitative flow ratio (QFR) ≤0.80.BackgroundIn patients with stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD), the efficacy of PCI in improving exercise capacity has been under debate and the differential effect of PCI for exercise capacity, according to functional completeness of revascularization, has not been evaluated.MethodsAmong patients enrolled in the QFR multicenter registry, 110 patients who underwent routine exercise treadmill tests before and after PCI were analyzed. Patients were classified into functional complete revascularization (CR) group (rFSS = 0) and functional incomplete revascularization (IR) group (rFSS ≥ 1). Increase of exercise time after PCI was compared between the two groups. Improvement of exercise capacity was defined as ≥10% increase of exercise time after PCI.ResultsFunctional CR was achieved in 79 patients (71.8%), otherwise classified as functional IR in 31 patients (28.2%) without differences in baseline characteristics including medication profiles. Increase of exercise time was significantly associated with increase of 3‐vessel QFR (sum of QFRs in all three vessels; r = .198, p = .038) and rFSS (r = −.312, p < .001), but not with decrease of SYNTAX score (r = .097, p = .313). The rFSS showed significantly higher c‐index to predict the improvement of exercise capacity after PCI than increase of 3‐vessel QFR or decrease of SYNTAX score (0.722 vs. 0.627 vs. 0.492, respectively, p < 0.001). Patients with functional CR, defined by rFSS, showed significantly higher absolute and relative increase in exercise time than those with functional IR (97.7 s vs. 12.5 s, p < .001; 25.4% vs. 3.6%, p = .001). Functional CR was an independent predictor for improvement of exercise capacity after PCI (adjusted OR 4.656, 95% CI 1.678–12.920, p = .002).ConclusionsIntegrated anatomic and functional scoring system (rFSS) was significantly associated with improvement of exercise capacity after PCI. SIHD patients with functional CR, defined by rFSS, showed significantly higher exercise capacity after PCI than those with functional IR.
Environment during grain filling affects pasta color
Authors: Cabas‐Lühmann Patricia A. , Manthey Frank A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesPasta color is an important quality parameter for pasta companies and consumers. This research was carried out to determine the relative importance of environment and genotype effects on pasta color and related traits using durum lines grown in North Dakota, USA; to determine the relationships between pasta color and semolina quality traits; and to identify key environmental growing conditions that affect pasta color.FindingsThe environment had the highest relative proportion of variance for pasta color (ranged from 89% to 94%) and related traits. Stepwise linear regression analyses indicated that the number of days with relative humidity (rh) ≥80% was associated with diminished pasta brightness, yellowness, and enhanced pasta redness, while the number of days ≤13°C was associated with enhanced pasta yellowness and pasta color score. The negative effect of high rh could be related to speck counts and soluble brown pigment content, while the positive effect of low temperature was not clear.ConclusionsThe number of days with rh ≥ 80% diminished pasta color, while the number of days ≤13°C enhanced pasta color. Speck count, soluble brown pigment content, and semolina redness negatively affected pasta color, while yellow pigment content and semolina yellowness had a positive effect.Significance and noveltySince weather cannot be controlled, this information will be helpful in selecting growing locations with more favorable climatic conditions to achieve better quality and pasta color traits. Understanding the relationships between climatic variables and quality traits will aid in developing cropping systems that favor high‐quality durum wheat.
Intraventricular metastatic melanoma: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Bernstock Joshua D. , Chagoya Gustavo , Elsayed Galal A. , Fox Brandon M. , Mir Nabiel , Gupta Saksham , Chua Melissa , Atchley Travis J. , Lobbous Mina , Sotoudeh Houman , Hackney James , Friedman Gregory K. , Harrigan Mark R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntraventricular melanoma is a very rare and highly malignant disease. Safe resection is the mainstay of treatment, but no standard guidelines exist for adjuvant therapy. Early histologic and molecular diagnosis is key for improved survival.
Isolated IgG4‐related sclerosing cholangitis with normal serum IgG4 levels—A case report
Authors: Shu Yanyun , Cheng Juanjuan , Ye Jin , Pan Xiaoli 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe isolated IgG4‐SC that absent from AIP is quite rare and difficult to diagnose. We presented a case of isolated IgG4‐SC with the normal serum IgG4 which was hard to differentiate with cholangiocarcinoma. Under such circumstances, liver pathology has a pivotal role in the diagnosis.
Efficient photocatalytic degradation of gas‐phase formaldehyde by Pt/TiO2 nanowires in a continuous flow reactor
Authors: Diao Wenyu , Cai Hongyue , Wang Lu , Rao Xi , Zhang Yongping 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHerein, we investigated the photocatalytic degradation of gas‐phase formaldehyde (HCHO) on Pt deposited TiO2 nanowires (Pt/TiO2NW) at continuous flow. Formaldehyde is decomposed into CO2 and H2O in a homemade tube reactor under the LED irradiation. The reactor can monitor online various parameters such as formaldehyde concentration, light intensity, humidity, and temperature. The results indicated that the formaldehyde degradation rate of Pt/TiO2NW increased at continuous flow compared with TiO2 nanowires. Under ultraviolet and visible LED light irradiation, the stable time of degrading low‐concentration formaldehyde by Pt/TiO2NW was 5.6 times that of TiO2NW. Higher ambient humidity facilitates the formaldehyde degradation of Pt/TiO2NW by increasing the hydroxyl radical (.OH) and superoxide radical (.
).
Divergent Pathways and Dynamic Effects of Intramolecular Hydride Transfer Reactions Mediated by Cp*M(III) Complexes (M = Co, Rh, Ir)†
Authors: Zheng Chao 
Published: July 2020

Summary of main observation and conclusionTransition‐metal‐mediated hydride transfer reactions are fundamental steps in olefin polymerization and isomerization processes. β‐Hydride elimination/migratory insertion sequence and ligand‐to‐ligand hydrogen transfer mechanism have been proposed for these reactions. We have performed comprehensive theoretical studies on prototype 1,4‐hydride transfer reactions mediated by the Cp*M(III) complexes (M = Co, Rh, Ir). Depending on the metal center, the reaction courses are quite divergent, ranging from dynamically concerted to explicitly stepwise manner. A More O'Farrell–Jencks‐type plot is suggested to demonstrate the perturbation to the mechanistic continuum from the significant dynamic effects.
Improved Method for Transformation of Vibrio vulnificus by Electroporation
Authors: Jayakumar Jane M. , Shapiro Orr H. , Almagro‐Moreno Salvador 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVibrio vulnificus, an emergent human pathogen, causes fulminant septicemia with a mortality rate of over 50%. Unlike for other pathogenic Vibrio species, the factors to conclusively indicate the virulence potential of V. vulnificus strains remain largely unknown. Understanding the pathogenesis of this bacterium at a molecular level is severely hindered by inefficiencies in transformation, for instance, due to the presence of a periplasmic nuclease, Vvn. Currently, successful transformation of V. vulnificus is nearly impossible due to lack of mobilizable plasmids for the bacterium, requiring (i) very high DNA concentrations, (ii) plasmid linearization, (iii) development of novel V. vulnificus‐derived plasmids, or (iv) time‐consuming conjugation‐based methods. To overcome these limitations, we describe a rapid, efficient, and reproducible electroporation protocol to effectively transform widely available plasmids, with different copy numbers and antibiotic resistances, into phylogenetically distant strains of V. vulnificus. Cells are made competent in high concentrations of sucrose devoid of cations and recovered from electroporation using a high‐salinity recovery medium. Compared to existing methods for transformation of V. vulnificus, significantly higher efficiencies are obtained using this improved protocol. Rapid and effective transformations can markedly improve molecular analyses of V. vulnificus leading to a greater understanding of its virulence potential. This is crucial to develop rapid detection methods which have the potential to prevent future outbreaks. The electroporation protocol described here may be particularly useful for optimizing transformation of other nuclease‐producing bacteria. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Preparation of competent cellsBasic Protocol 2: Transformation of cells by electroporation
Mechanical properties of human oral mucosa tissues are site dependent: A combined biomechanical, histological and ultrastructural approach
Authors: Choi Joanne Jung Eun , Zwirner Johann , Ramani Rishi Sanjay , Ma Sunyoung , Hussaini Haizal Mohd , Waddell John Neil , Hammer Niels 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimTo investigate load‐deformation properties of Thiel‐embalmed human oral mucosa tissues and to compare three different anatomical regions in terms of mechanical, histological and ultrastructural characteristic with focus on the extracellular matrix.Materials and MethodsThirty specimens from three different regions of the oral cavity: attached gingiva, buccal mucosa and the hard palate were harvested from two Thiel‐embalmed cadavers. Mechanical properties were obtained, combining strain evaluation and digital image correlation in a standardised approach. Elastic modulus, tensile strength, strain at maximum load and strain to failure were computed and analysed statistically. Subsamples were also analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histological analysis.ResultsThe highest elastic modulus of 37.36 ± 17.4 MPa was found in the attached gingiva group, followed by the hard palate and buccal mucosa. The elastic moduli of attached gingiva differed significantly to the buccal mucosa (p = .01) and hard palate (p = .021). However, there was no difference in the elastic moduli between the buccal mucosa and hard palate (p > .22). The tensile strength of the tissue samples ranged from 1.54 ± 0.5MPa to 3.81 ± 0.9 MPa, with a significant difference between gingiva group and buccal mucosa or hard palate (p = .001). No difference was found in the mean tensile strength between the buccal mucosa and hard palate (p = .92). Ultrastructural imaging yielded a morphological basis for the various mechanical properties found intraorally; the attached gingiva showed unidirectional collagen fibre network whereas the buccal mucosa and hard palate showed multi‐directional network, which was more prone to tension failure and less elasticity.ConclusionThis is the first study assessing the various morphological‐mechanical relationships of intraoral soft tissues, utilising Thiel‐embalmed tissues. The findings of this study suggest that the tissues from different intraoral regions showed various morphological‐mechanical behaviour which was also confirmed under the SEM and in the histological analysis.
Hybrid seagull and thermal exchange optimization algorithm‐based NLOS nodes detection technique for enhancing reliability under data dissemination in VANETs
Authors: Mani Rajendran , Jayaraman Sasikala , Ellappan Mohan 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThe reliability of data dissemination in vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) necessitates maximized cooperation between the vehicular nodes and the least degree of congestion. However, non‐line of sight (NLOS) nodes prevent the establishment and sustenance of connectivity between the vehicular nodes. In this paper, a hybrid seagull and thermal exchange optimization (TEO) algorithm‐based NLOS node detection technique is proposed for enhancing cooperative data dissemination in VANETs. It inherits three different versions of the proposed hybridized algorithm; three different approaches for localization of NLOS nodes depending upon its distance from the reference nodes are incorporated. It is considered as a reliable attempt in effective NLOS node localization as it is predominant in maintaining the balancing the degree of exploration and exploitation in the search process. In the first variant, the method of the roulette wheel is utilized for selecting one among the two optimization algorithm. In the second adoption, this hybridization algorithm combines TEO algorithm only after the iteration of SEOA algorithm. In the final adoption, the predominance of the seagull attack mode is enhanced by including the heat exchange formula of TEO algorithms for improving exploitation capability. The simulation experiments of the proposed HS‐TEO‐NLOS‐ND scheme conducted using EstiNet 8.1 exhibited its reliability in improving the emergency message delivery rate by 14.86%, a neighborhood awareness rate by 13%, and the channel utilization rate by 11.24%, compared to the benchmarked techniques under the evaluation done with different number of vehicular nodes and NLOS nodes in the network.
Kupffer cell activation by different microbial lysates: Toll‐like receptor‐2 plays pivotal role on thromboxane A2 production in mice and humans
Authors: Zhang Jiang , Wieser Andreas , Lin Hao , Li Hanwei , Hu Moyan , Behrens Ina‐Kristin , Schiergens Tobias S. , Gerbes Alexander L. , Steib Christian J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThromboxane (TX) A2 has been identified as an important intrahepatic vasoconstrictor upon Kupffer cell (KC) activation during infections such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). The study aimed to investigate the role of TLRs in the TXA2 increase in liver nonparenchymal cells and their related mechanisms. Here, we identified TLR‐2 as a common pathway for different microbials: microbial lysates including Gram‐positive bacteria, Gram‐negative bacteria, and fungi all increased TXA2 secretion via activation of TLR‐2 in human KCs, accompanied by increased expression and phosphorylation of Myd88‐related pathway. Of all TLR agonists, only TLR‐1, ‐2, and ‐4 agonists increased TXA2 in human KCs. These results were further confirmed by mouse liver nonparenchymal cells. Comparing the effects of TLR‐1, ‐2, and ‐4 antagonists, only TLR‐2 antagonist showed inhibitory effects with all tested microbial lysates. Pretreatment with TLR‐2 antagonist in human KCs blocked the secretion of IL‐10, CXCL‐10, TNF‐α, and IL‐6 induced by Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacterial stimulation. IL‐23 and IL‐1β were only induced by Gram‐negative bacteria. Thus, TLR‐2 might be a potential marker and an attractive target for future treatment of patients with SBP. In addition, IL‐23 and IL‐1β might distinguish early between Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative SBP.
Interleukin‐17 producing mucosal associated invariant T cells ‐ emerging players in chronic inflammatory diseases?
Authors: Pisarska Marta M. , Dunne Margaret R. , O'Shea Donal , Hogan Andrew E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a population of evolutionarily conserved T cells, which express an invariant T cell receptor (TCR) and represent a significant subset of innate‐like T cells in humans, yet their role in immunity is still emerging. Unlike conventional αβ T cells, MAIT cells are not restricted by MHC molecules, but instead uniquely recognize microbially derived vitamin metabolites presented by the MHC‐I like molecule MR1. MAIT cells are enriched in mucosal sites and tissues including liver and adipose tissue where they are thought to play an important role in immunosurveillance and immunity against microbial infection. In addition to their putative role in antimicrobial immunity, recent research on MAIT cells, in particular IL‐17 producing MAIT cells, has demonstrated their involvement in numerous chronic inflammatory conditions. In this review, we give an overview of the work to date on the function and subsets of MAIT cells. We also examine the role of IL‐17 producing MAIT cells in chronic inflammatory diseases ranging from autoimmune conditions, metabolic diseases to cancer. Furthermore, we discuss the most recent findings from the clinic that might help deepen our understanding about the biology of MAIT cells.
Toxicity of Nanoparticulate Nickel to Aquatic Organisms: Review and Recommendations for Improvement of Toxicity Tests
Authors: Meyer Joseph S. , Lyons-Darden Tara , Garman Emily R. , Middleton Elizabeth T. , Schlekat Christian E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We reviewed the literature on toxicity of nanoparticulate nickel (nano-Ni) to aquatic organisms, from the perspective of relevance and reliability in a regulatory framework. Our main findings were 1) much of the published nano-Ni toxicity data is of low or medium quality in terms of reporting key physical–chemical properties, methodologies, and results, compared with published dissolved nickel studies; and 2) based on the available information, some common findings about nanoparticle (NP) toxicity are not supported for nano-Ni. First, we concluded that nanoparticulate elemental nickel and nickel oxide, which differ in chemical composition, generally did not differ in their toxicity. Second, there is no evidence that the toxicity of nano-Ni increases as the size of the NPs decreases. Third, for most organisms tested, nano-Ni was not more toxic on a mass-concentration basis than dissolved Ni. Fourth, there is conflicting evidence about whether the toxicity is directly caused by the NPs or by the dissolved fraction released from the NPs. However, no evidence suggests that any of the molecular, physiological, and structural mechanisms of nano-Ni toxicity differ from the general pattern for many metal-based nanomaterials, wherein oxidative stress underlies the observed effects. Physical–chemical factors in the design and conduct of nano-Ni toxicity tests are important, but often they are not adequately reported (e.g., characteristics of dry nano-Ni particles and of wetted particles in exposure waters; exposure-water chemistry). Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1861–1883 © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Application of isolated Lactobacillus sakei and Staphylococcus xylosus strains as a probiotic starter culture during the industrial manufacture of Tunisian dry‐fermented sausages
Authors: Najjari Afef , Boumaiza Mohamed , Jaballah Sana , Boudabous Abdelatif , Ouzari Hadda‐Imene 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFor decades, lactic acid bacteria has been isolated and selected to be used as starter cultures in meat fermentation for standardization and management of quality of dry‐fermented sausage which constitute a considerable challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus sakei strains, isolated from different origins, on qualities of dry‐fermented sausages. These last, manufactured with different combinations of starter cultures (L. sakei + Staphylococcus xylosus), were ripened, using the same raw materials and conditions, for 45 days. Samples were collected during this period, and microbiological, physicochemical, fatty acid profile, and sensorial analyses determined. Lactic acid bacteria were the dominant flora during ripening. A desirable PUFA/SFA ratio, corresponding to 1:1.7 (0.6), was detected after 24 days of maturation in sausages inoculated by L. sakei BMG 95 and S. xylosus. Sensory analysis showed that fermented sausages manufactured with L. sakei and S. xylosus had a more desirable odor, flavor, and texture and consequently were preferred overall. In particular, sensory panellists preferred sausages produced with either L. sakei 23K or L. sakei BMG 95 when compared to fermented sausage produced with a commercial starter or no starter at all.
FABP7 upregulation induces a neurotoxic phenotype in astrocytes
Authors: Killoy Kelby M. , Harlan Benjamin A. , Pehar Mariana , Vargas Marcelo R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are key regulators of lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis, and inflammation. They participate in fatty acid metabolism by regulating their uptake, transport, and availability of ligands to nuclear receptors. In the adult brain, FABP7 is especially abundant in astrocytes that are rich in cytoplasmic granules originated from damaged mitochondria. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress have been implicated in the neurodegenerative process observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), either as a primary cause or as a secondary component of the pathogenic process. Here we investigated the expression of FABP7 in animal models of human superoxide dismutase 1 (hSOD1)‐linked ALS. In the spinal cord of symptomatic mutant hSOD1‐expressing mice, FABP7 is upregulated in gray matter astrocytes. Using a coculture model, we examined the effect of increased FABP7 expression in astrocyte‐motor neuron interaction. Our data show that FABP7 overexpression directly promotes an NF‐κB‐driven pro‐inflammatory response in nontransgenic astrocytes that ultimately is detrimental for motor neuron survival. Addition of trophic factors, capable of supporting motor neuron survival in pure cultures, did not prevent motor neuron loss in cocultures with FABP7 overexpressing astrocytes. In addition, astrocyte cultures obtained from symptomatic hSOD1‐expressing mice display upregulated FABP7 expression. Silencing endogenous FABP7 in these cultures decreases the expression of inflammatory markers and their toxicity toward cocultured motor neurons. Our results identify a key role of FABP7 in the regulation of the inflammatory response in astrocytes and identify FABP7 as a potential therapeutic target to prevent astrocyte‐mediated motor neuron toxicity in ALS.