bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
40% Glucose Gel for the Treatment of Asymptomatic Neonatal Hypoglycemia
Authors: Gibson Brandi L. , Carter Brigit M. , LeDuff Lawrence D. , Wallace Angela 
Published: December 2020

Background:
The Mother Infant Care Center at Fort Belvoir Community Hospital (FBCH) recently revised its asymptotic neonatal hypoglycemia (ANH) protocol and adopted 40% glucose gel into its treatment pathway. The previous protocol used infant formula as the primary intervention.

Purpose:
To evaluate the effectiveness of 40% glucose gel on exclusive human milk diet rates, time on protocol, level II Special Care Nursery (SCN) admission rates, length of stay (LOS), and total hospital costs for newborns with ANH at FBCH.

Methods:
Infants with ANH were treated with 40% glucose gel (n = 35) and compared with a historical group of infants with ANH (n = 29) who were treated with formula.

Results:
Exclusive human milk diet rates increased by 33.6%. The mean time on protocol dropped by 1.13 hours. The SCN admission rates dropped by 2.4% in the postimplementation group. The mean LOS was more than 12 hours less in the postimplementation group. The mean total cost per patient was $1190.60 lower after implementation of 40% glucose gel.

Implications for Practice:
The use of 40% glucose gel is a patient-focused, less-invasive, and cost-effective treatment of ANH.

Implications for Research:
More studies are needed to better define neonatal hypoglycemia. The use of 40% glucose gel is safe for use in infants with ANH; however, more studies are needed to examine its comprehensive benefits.
Wildfire particulate matter in Shasta County, California and respiratory and circulatory disease-related emergency department visits and mortality, 2013–2018
Authors: Casey Joan A. , Kioumourtzoglou Marianthi-Anna , Elser Holly , Walker Daniel , Taylor Stephanie , Adams Sarah , Aguilera Rosana , Benmarhnia Tarik , Catalano Ralph 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Wildfire smoke harms health. We add to this literature by evaluating the health effects of California’s 2018 Carr Fire and preceding wildfire seasons in Shasta County.

Methods:
With data from the Shasta County Health and Human Services Agency, we examined the link between weekly wildfire fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure estimated using a spatiotemporal multiple imputation approach and emergency department (ED) visits and mortality using time-series models that controlled for temporal trends and temperature.

Results:
Between 2013 and 2018, Shasta County experienced 19 weeks with average wildfire PM2.5 ≥5.5 μg/m3 (hereafter, “high wildfire PM2.5 concentration”). Among all Shasta County Zip Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTAs; n = 36), we detected no association between high wildfire PM2.5 concentrations and respiratory or circulatory disease-related ED visits or mortality. Subsequent analyses were confined to valley ZCTAs (n = 11, lower elevation, majority of population, worse air quality in general). In valley ZCTAs, high wildfire PM2.5 was associated with a 14.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.2, 24.9) increase in same-week respiratory disease-related ED visits but no increase in the subsequent 2 weeks nor on circulatory disease-related mortality or ED visits or all-cause mortality. Two weeks after high wildfire PM2.5 weeks, respiratory disease-related deaths decreased (–31.5%, 95% CI = –64.4, 1.5). The 2018 Carr Fire appeared to increase respiratory disease-related ED visits by 27.0% (95% CI = 4.0, 50.0) over expectation and possibly reduce circulatory disease-related deaths (–18.2%, 95% CI = –39.4, 2.9).

Conclusions:
As climate change fuels wildfire seasons, studies must continue to evaluate their health effects, particularly in highly exposed populations.
Salvage peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in patients with progressive neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kim Yong-il 
Published: December 2020

Objective
Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is an effective treatment option in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Recently, salvage PRRT has been introduced for progressing NET patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the therapeutic efficacy, survival, and toxicity of salvage PRRT in patients with progressive NETs.

Methods
A systematic (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus) were performed. To determine therapeutic efficacy, objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR) were identified using radiologic response criteria. To determine survival, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were verified. To determine toxicity, information was collected on serious (grades 3 or 4) hematologic and renal adverse events.

Results
Nine articles featuring 426 patients were included in this study. Salvage PRRT achieved pooled proportions of ORR in 17.1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 11.6–23.5] and DCR in 76.9% (95% CI 72.3–81.0) of patients. Salvage PRRT demonstrated pooled estimates of PFS of 14.1 months (95% CI 12.2–15.9) and OS of 26.8 months (95% CI 18.8–34.9). Pooled proportions of hematologic and renal toxicities were 10.8% (95% CI 5.9–16.8) and 0.7% (95% CI 0.2–1.8), respectively. A subgroup direct comparison study with initial PRRT revealed that salvage PRRT showed significantly lower therapeutic efficacy (ORR and DCR, all P < 0.001) and shorter PFS (P = 0.03) despite similar hematologic toxicity (P = 0.25) and renal toxicity (P = 0.45).

Conclusion
Salvage PRRT is effective in patients with progressive NETs, and toxicity appeared to be similar to initial PRRT which could be a feasible treatment option.
Prognostic value of dynamic renal scan with 99mTc-EC in patients with kidney transplantation: a prospective descriptive study
Authors: Arefnia Maryam , Masoumi Navid , Ghodsirad Mohammad Ali , Moghaddam Erfan J. , Hosseinzadeh Elinaz , Hojjati Mahtab 
Published: December 2020

Introduction
Renal transplantation is the gold standard treatment for chronic kidney disease. Renal scintigraphy has been performed widely to evaluate postsurgical complications of transplantation, but there are little data regarding 99mTc-EC scintigraphy in kidney transplantation.

Methods and materials
This was a prospective descriptive study. All patients who underwent kidney transplantation and passed an uneventful postoperative period entered the study. Demographic characteristics, including age, gender, biochemical parameters before and after the transplantation and 99mTc-EC parameters including time to max, time to ½ max, slope from max to ½ max, upslope time interval and time to 2/3 max as well as episodes of rejection, were recorded. Patients were then followed up for 1 year at 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-month intervals.

Results
Forty-one patients who underwent renal transplantation entered the study. Mean ± SD age of patients was 40.65 ± 12.84 years (min 17 and max 74 years). In total, 25% (10) of patients experienced one or two episodes of rejection and were hospitalized. Time of max, time of 1/2 max, time from max to 1/2 max, time of 2/3 max, time from max to 2/3 max and upslope time interval had a significant association with transplant rejection using a Cox regression model. With 1-min increase in time of max, the risk of rejection increased by 27% (hazard ratio = 1.27; CI, 1.03–-1.56) and with 1-min increase in time of 1/2 max, the risk of rejection increased by 28% (hazard ratio = 1.28; CI, 1.14–1.45).

Discussion

99mTc-EC renal scintigrahpy was able to predict kidney transplantation rejection in our patients. 99mTc-EC renal scintigrahpy is beneficial to evaluate transplant kidney function to prevent complications and helps close follow-up.
Tapentadol treatment results in long-term pain relief in patients with chronic low back pain and associates with reduced segmental sensitization
Authors: van de Donk Tine , van Cosburgh Jurjan , van Dasselaar Tom , van Velzen Monique , Drewes Asbjørn Mohr , Dahan Albert , Niesters Marieke 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is one of the most common chronic pain conditions in pain practice.

Objectives:
In the current study, we describe phenotypes of patients with CLBP based on the status of their endogenous pain modulatory system.

Methods:
Conditioned pain modulation (a measure of central pain inhibition), temporal summation (TS, a measure of pain facilitation), and offset analgesia (a measure of temporal filtering of nociception) were evaluated in 53 patients with CLBP at painful and nonpainful sites. Next, in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 40 patients with defective conditioned pain modulation responses received treatment with tapentadol prolonged-release or placebo for 3 months.

Results:
The majority of patients (87%) demonstrated loss of central pain inhibition combined with segmentally increased TS and reduced offset analgesia at the lower back region. During treatment, tapentadol reduced pain intensity more than placebo (tapentadol −19.5 ± 2.1 mm versus placebo −7.1 ± 1.8 mm, P = 0.025). Furthermore, tapentadol significantly decreased pain facilitation by reduction of TS responses at the lower back (tapentadol −0.94 ± 1.9 versus placebo 0.01 ± 1.5, P = 0.020), which correlated with pain reduction (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Patients with CLBP demonstrated different phenotypes of endogenous pain modulation. In patients with reduced conditioned pain modulation, tapentadol produced long-term pain relief that coincided with reduction of signs of pain facilitation. These data indicate that the endogenous pain system may be used as a biomarker in the pharmacological treatment of CLBP, enabling an individualized, mechanism-based treatment approach.
Examining the influence of user-generated content on the fashion consumer online experience
Authors: Vazquez Delia , Cheung Jenny , Nguyen Bang , Dennis Charles , Kent Anthony 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyse online consumers' experiential responses towards visual user-generated content in social commerce fashion online shopping environments. The study develops and tests a UGC OCE framework incorporating aesthetic and relational experiential paths in the OCE.Design/methodology/approachThis paper adopts a quantitative approach to examine fashion consumers experiential responses to UGC content. The sample comprised 555 respondents recruited via a consumer panel. SEM analysis was employed to analyse and test the framework model.FindingsThe findings illustrate that consumers are initially stimulated by an aesthetic experience, which then triggers a combination of relational, emotional and interactive experiences in fashion social commerce. The study extends the S-O-R framework by integrating it to the experiential “path” that indicates the series of experiences consumers encounter. Using S-O-R, the study presents the consumers' online experiential responses to viewing visual UGC, revealing that there are five experiential responses, all of which have an influence on online consumer behaviour. Responses towards visual UGC include visual, relational, emotional, cognitive engagement and interactive engagement, which were all identified to influence purchase intention.Originality/valueThis study is original in finding that, in the context of online fashion shopping, aesthetics drive relational experiences, and relational experiences drive flow and interactive behaviour and also purchase intention. Aesthetic experiences and positive emotions are powerful drivers of purchase intention and drive connectedness, flow and interactive behaviour. This study extends the literature by extending the frameworks in OCE and CE into the fashion UGC context.
Changing times – High Court of Australia library during COVID-19
Authors: Botherway John 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to provide information and opinion on how the library dealt with this period and some further discussion on longer term impacts.Design/methodology/approachObservations/commentary covering the operation of the High Court of Australia Library and court/law libraries more generally during the COVID-19 pandemic.FindingsThe success of remote working will likely see this become more normalised.Originality/valueThis article is basically commentary and personal observation rather than original research.
Climate warming prolongs the time interval between leaf‐out and flowering in temperate trees: Effects of chilling, forcing and photoperiod
Authors: Ma Qianqian , Huang Jian‐Guo , Hänninen Heikki , Li Xiaobo , Berninger Frank 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Leaf‐out and flowering are two key phenological events of plants, denoting the respective onsets of visible vegetative growth and reproduction during the year. For each species, the schedule of vegetative growth and reproduction is crucial to the maximization of its fitness. Warming‐induced advances of leaf‐out and flowering have been reported frequently; however, it is unclear whether the responses of the two events are equal for any given species.

Using long‐term phenological records in Europe, we examined simultaneously the responses of both leaf‐out and flowering of four common temperate tree species to climate warming and further examined the effects of winter chilling, spring forcing and photoperiod on the responses of the two events.

We found that regardless whether flowering or leaf‐out occurred first, the first event advanced more than the second during 1950–2013, resulting in a prolonged time interval between the two events. The temporal changes were also supported by a similar geographical trend that the time interval between the two events increased from cold to warm sites. Due to the warming‐induced reduction in chilling, the spring forcing accumulated until the second event was increased more than the forcing accumulated until the first event, and that reduced the temperature sensitivity of the second event. In addition to the effect of chilling, the shorter photoperiod, associated with the advanced spring phenology, was also likely to substantially increase the spring forcing accumulated until the second event, which thus slowed down its advance, compared to the advance of the first event. The relative contributions of chilling and photoperiod to the increased forcing varied between species and events, with chilling mostly outweighing photoperiod.

Synthesis. This study provides the large‐scale empirical evidence of prolonged time interval between leaf‐out and flowering with climate warming. The unequal advances of the two events may alter the partition of resources between vegetative growth and reproduction and cause different changes of spring frost damage to vegetative and reproductive tissues, which may alter species fitness and further affect ecosystem structure and function.
Soil prokaryotic community shows no response to 2 years of simulated nitrogen deposition in an arid ecosystem in northwestern China
Authors: Huang Juying , Xu Yixin , Yu Hailong , Zhu Wanwan , Wang Pan , Wang Bin , Na Xiaofan 
Published: December 2020

SummaryAn arid ecosystem might be sensitive to nitrogen (N) deposition, but the associated ecosystem‐specific response of soil microbes is not well studied. To assess the N enrichment effects on plant and prokaryotic community diversity, we performed a two‐year NH4NO3treatment in a desert steppe in northwestern China. Results showed that N addition increased plant aboveground biomass and decreased plant Shannon diversity. A C4herb (Salsola collina) became dominant, and loss of legume species was observed. The concentrations of soil NH4+‐N, NO3−‐N, microbial biomass N, and the plant aboveground biomass N pool increased in contrast to total N, suggesting that the N input into the arid ecosystem might mainly be assimilated by plants and exit the ecosystem. Remarkably, the α‐diversity and structure of the soil prokaryotic community did not vary even at the highest N addition rate. Structural equation modelling further found that the plant aboveground N pool counteracted the acidification effect of N deposition and maintained soil pH thus partially stabilizing the composition of prokaryotic communities in a desert steppe. These findings suggested that the plants and N loss might contribute to the lack of responsiveness of soil prokaryotic community to N deposition in a desert steppe.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa antitoxin HigA functions as a diverse regulatory factor by recognizing specific pseudopalindromic DNA motifs
Authors: Song Yingjie , Luo Guihua , Zhu Yibo , Li Tao , Li Changcheng , He Lihui , Zhao Ninglin , Zhao Chang , Yang Jing , Huang Qin , Mu Xingyu , Tang Xinyue , Kang Mei , Wu Siying , He Yongxing , Bao Rui 
Published: December 2020

SummaryType II toxin‐antitoxin (TA) systems modulate many essential cellular processes in prokaryotic organisms. Recent studies indicate certain type II antitoxins also transcriptionally regulate other genes, besides neutralizing toxin activity. Herein, we investigated the diverse transcriptional repression properties of type II TA antitoxin PaHigA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biochemical and functional analyses showed that PaHigA recognized variable pseudopalindromic DNA sequences and repressed expression of multiple genes. Furthermore, we presented high resolution structures of apo‐PaHigA, PaHigA‐PhigBA and PaHigA‐Ppa2440 complex, describing how the rearrangements of the HTH domain accounted for the different DNA‐binding patterns among HigA homologues. Moreover, we demonstrated that the N‐terminal loop motion of PaHigA was associated with its apo and DNA‐bound states, reflecting a switch mechanism regulating HigA antitoxin function. Collectively, this work extends our understanding of how the PaHigB/HigA system regulates multiple metabolic pathways to balance the growth and stress response in P. aeruginosa and could guide further development of anti‐TA oriented strategies for pathogen treatment.
Cobalamin and microbial plankton dynamics along a coastal to offshore transect in the Eastern North Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Joglar Vanessa , Álvarez‐Salgado Xosé Antón , Gago‐Martinez Ana , Leao Jose M. , Pérez‐Martínez Clara , Pontiller Benjamin , Lundin Daniel , Pinhassi Jarone , Fernández Emilio , Teira Eva 
Published: December 2020

SummaryCobalamin (B12) is an essential cofactor that is exclusively synthesized by some prokaryotes while many prokaryotes and eukaryotes require an external supply of B12. The spatial and temporal availability of B12 is poorly understood in marine ecosystems. Field measurements of B12 along with a large set of ancillary biotic and abiotic factors were obtained during three oceanographic cruises in the NW Iberian Peninsula, covering different spatial and temporal scales. B12 concentrations were remarkably low (<1.5 pM) in all samples, being significantly higher at the subsurface Eastern North Atlantic Central Water than at shallower depths, suggesting that B12 supply in this water mass is greater than demand. Multiple regression models excluded B12 concentration as predictive variable for phytoplankton biomass or production, regardless of the presence of B12‐requiring algae. Prokaryote production was the best predictor for primary production, and eukaryote community composition was better correlated with prokaryote community composition than with nutritional resources, suggesting that biotic interactions play a significant role in regulating microbial communities. Interestingly, co‐occurrence network analyses based on 16S and 18S rRNA sequences allowed the identification of significant associations between potential B12 producers and consumers (e.g. Thaumarchaeota and Dynophyceae, or Amylibacter and Ostreococcus respectively), which can now be investigated using model systems in the laboratory.
Fidelity of motivational interviewing with families in high‐caries‐risk children
Authors: Leske Amanda M. , Mustchin Claire , Bhujel Nabina , Rajan Sadna , Satur Julie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesMotivational interviewing (MI) is a promising behavioural intervention for prevention of dental caries in children. Few studies have reported on fidelity of MI delivered in dental settings. The aim of this paper is to explore the fidelity of implementing MI in a clinical dental practice setting, as part of an intervention study investigating caries‐preventive effects of MI delivered to high‐caries‐risk children and their primary caregivers.MethodsThree oral health therapy clinicians trained in MI (counsellors) provided MI to high‐caries‐risk children and their primary caregivers. All MI sessions (n = 34) were audio‐recorded and analysed using the MI Treatment Integrity code 4.2.1. Qualitative analysis of counsellor self‐reflections identified barriers to MI delivery.ResultsAll counsellors were found to adhere to the MI process and demonstrated fair to good MI proficiency for global scores, with a mean (95% CI) of 3.3 (3.1‐3.4) recorded for technical scores and 3.6 (3.5‐3.8) for relational scores. The mean (95% CI) per cent complex reflections was 23% (19.4‐27.1) and the mean reflection:question ratio was 0.7 (0.6‐0.9). No significant differences were observed between counsellors for MI proficiency. Cultural barriers, environmental distractions, participant dental anxiety and counsellor tendency towards prescriptive advice‐giving were identified by counsellors as hindrances to effective MI.ConclusionsMotivational interviewing is a skill which requires multifaceted training, practice and mentoring to meet accepted proficiency thresholds. Monitoring of MI using a validated tool is essential to ensure delivery as intended and accurately attribute outcomes to the intervention. Dental organizations intending to implement MI for caries prevention should be aware of the demands on time and resources required to deliver proficient MI and monitor fidelity.
Syndromic Forms of Hyperinsulinaemic Hypoglycaemia—A 15‐year follow‐up Study
Authors: Kostopoulou Eirini , Dastamani Antonia , Güemes Maria , Clement Emma , Caiulo Silvana , Shanmugananda Prateek , Dattani Mehul , Gilbert Clare , Hurst Jane A , Shah Pratik 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveHyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (HH) is one of the commonest causes of hypoglycaemia in children. The molecular basis includes defects in pathways that regulate insulin release. Syndromic conditions like Beckwith‐Wiedemann (BWS), Kabuki (KS) and Turner (TS) are known to be associated with a higher risk for HH. This systematic review of children with HH referred to a tertiary centre aims at estimating the frequency of a syndromic/multisystem condition to help address stratification of genetic analysis in infants with HH.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of 69 patients with syndromic features and hypoglycaemia in a specialist centre from 2004 to 2018.ResultsBiochemical investigations confirmed HH in all the cases and several genetic diagnoses were established. Responsiveness to medications and the final outcome following medical treatment or surgery were studied.ConclusionsThis study highlights the association of HH with a wide spectrum of syndromic diagnoses and that children with features suggestive of HH‐associated syndromes should be monitored for hypoglycaemia. If hypoglycaemia is documented, they should also be screened for possible HH. Our data indicate that most syndromic forms of HH are diazoxide‐responsive and that HH resolves over time; however, a significant percentage continues to require medications years after the onset of the disease. Early diagnosis of hyperinsulinism and initiation of treatment is important for preventing hypoglycaemic brain injury and intellectual disability.