Urgences Chirurgicales Abdominales PÃ©diatriques Au Nord-BÃ©nin : Aspects EpidÃ©miologiques Et Diagnostiques
Authors: B. Tamou Sambo , MG Yassegoungbe , MA Hodonou , DM Seto , SA Allode 
Published: July 2020

Les urgences chirurgicales abdominales pÃ©diatriques sont relativement frÃ©quentes surtout en Afrique. Elles posent un problÃ¨me de retard de consultation dans notre contexte de travail. Objectif : Lâ€™objectif de notre travail Ã©tait dâ€™Ã©tudier les aspects Ã©pidÃ©miologiques et diagnostiques des urgences chirurgicales abdominales pÃ©diatriques au Nord-BÃ©nin. Patients et mÃ©thodes : Il sâ€™agissait dâ€™une Ã©tude prospective descriptive et analytique rÃ©alisÃ©e au CHU de Parakou et Ã lâ€™HÃ´pital de Zone de TanguiÃ©ta. Elle sâ€™est dÃ©roulÃ©e du 1er Janvier au 31 Juillet 2016. Etaient inclus tous les enfants de 0 Ã 15 ans admis pour une urgence chirurgicale abdominale avec une Classification Clinique des Malades aux Urgences cotÃ©e Ã 3 ; 4 ou 5. RÃ©sultats : Les urgences chirurgicales abdominales pÃ©diatriques reprÃ©sentaient 42,8% des urgences chirurgicales pÃ©diatriques. La moyenne dâ€™Ã¢ge Ã©tait de 9,3 Â± 3,5 ans. La sex-ratio Ã©tait de 1,7. Les Ã©tiologies les plus frÃ©quentes Ã©taient les pÃ©ritonites (36,8%), les traumatismes abdominaux (16,2%) et les malformations anorectales (14,7%). Le dÃ©lai moyen de consultation Ã©tait de 5 Â± 1 jours et Ã©tait liÃ© au bas niveau dâ€™instruction des parents (p= 0,00). Le dÃ©lai moyen de diagnostic Ã©tait de 3,1 heures. Au plan paraclinique, lâ€™hÃ©mogramme et la radiographie de lâ€™abdomen sans prÃ©paration Ã©taient les examens les plus rÃ©alisÃ©s. Conclusion : Les enfants de sexe masculin Ã©taient les plus touchÃ©s. Les principales urgences chirurgicales abdominales Ã©taient les pÃ©ritonites, les traumatismes abdominaux et les malformations ano-rectales. La sensibilisation des parents pour une consultation prÃ©coce est nÃ©cessaire.
Pediatric abdominal surgical emergencies are relatively common especially in Africa. They pose a problem of delay in consultation in our work context. Objective: The objective of our work was to study epidemiological and diagnostic aspects of pediatric abdominal surgical emergencies in North Benin. Patients and methods: This is a prospective descriptive and analytical study conducted at Parakou teaching hospital and Tanguieta district hospital. It has been achieved from January 1st to July 31st 2016. Were included all children aged 0 to 15 years admitted for an abdominalsurgical emergency with a Clinical Classification of Emergency Patients listed from 3 to 5. Results: Pediatric abdominal surgical emergencies accounted for 42.8% of pediatric surgical emergencies. The average age was 9.3 Â± 3.5 years old. The sex ratio was 1.7. The most common etiologies were peritonitis (36.76%), abdominal trauma (16.2%) and anorectal malformations (14.71%). The mean time of admission was 5 Â± 1 days and was related to low parental education (p = 0.00). The mean time to diagnosis was 3.1 hours. Hemogram and abdominal X-rays were the most performed examinations. Conclusion: The boys were the most affected. The main abdominal surgical emergencies were peritonitis, abdominal trauma and anorectal malformations. Parental awareness for early consultation is necessary.