bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compared benefits of educational programs dedicated to diabetic patients with or without community pharmacist involvement
Authors: Foucault-Fruchard Laura , Bizzoto Laura , Allemang-Trivalle Aude , Renoult-Pierre Peggy , Antier Daniel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground:International guidelines on diabetes control strongly encourage the setting-up of therapeutic educational programs (TEP). However, more than half of the patients fail to control their diabetes a few months post-TEP because of a lack of regular follow-up by medical professionals. The DIAB-CH is a TEP associated with the follow-up of diabetic patients by the community pharmacist.Aim:To compare the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and body mass index (BMI) in diabetic patients of Control (neither TEP-H nor community pharmacist intervention), TEP-H (TEP in hospital only) and DIAB-CH (TEP-H plus community pharmacist follow-up) groups.Methods:A comparative cohort study design was applied. Patients included in the TEP-H from July 2017 to December 2017 were enrolled in the DIAB-CH group. The TEP-H session was conducted by a multidisciplinary team composed of two diabetologists, two dieticians and seven nurses. The HbA1c level and the BMI (when over 30 kg/m2at M0) of patients in Control (n= 20), TEP-H (n= 20) and DIAB-CH (n= 20) groups were collected at M0, M0 + 6 and M0 + 12 months. First, HbA1c and BMI were compared between M0, M6 and M12 in the three groups with the Friedman test, followed by the Benjamini-Hochberg post-test. Secondly, the HbA1c and BMI of the three groups were compared at M0, M6 and M12 using the Kruskal-Wallis test.Findings:While no difference in HbA1c was measured between M0, M6 and M12 in the Control group, Hb1Ac was significantly reduced in both TEP-H and DIAB-CH groups between M0 and M6 (P= 0.0072 andP= 0.0034, respectively), and between M0 and M12 only in the DIAB-CH group (P= 0.0027). In addition, a significant decrease in the difference between the measured HbA1c and the target assigned by diabetologists was observed between M0 and M6 in both TEP-H and DIAB-CH groups (P= 0.0072 andP= 0.0044, respectively) but only for the patients of the DIAB-CH group between M0 and M12 (P= 0.0044). No significant difference (P> 0.05) in BMI between the groups was observed.Conclusion:The long-lasting benefit on glycemic control of multidisciplinary group sessions associated with community pharmacist-led educational interventions on self-care for diabetic patients was demonstrated in the present study. There is thus evidence pointing to the effectiveness of a community/hospital care collaboration of professionals on diabetes control in primary care.
Utilitarianism and the question of free labor in Russia and India, in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries
Authors: Stanziani Alessandro 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLiberal utilitarianism is usually presented as a current of thought mostly inspired by Jeremy Bentham and other Western European thinkers, and eventually diffused in other parts of the world. This paper adopts a different approach and shows, on the one hand, how the Bentham brothers’ experiences in Russia and serfdom in particular inspired their invention of the Panopticon. The latter was not related to deviance (Foucault's interpretation), but to labor organization and surveillance. On the other hand, the interplay between utilitarianism and colonial India led Bentham, then James and John Stuart Mill, and ultimately Henry Maine to revise utilitarianism, in particular the relationship between law, labor, and political economy. In both the Britain–Russia interplay and Britain–India interplay, the tension between universalism and particularism of philosophical, social and economic categories was at work.
Monogenetic Near‐Island Seamounts in the Galápagos Archipelago
Authors: Schwartz D. M. , Wanless V. D. , Soule S. A. , Schmitz M. D. , Kurz M. D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRarely have small seamounts on the flanks of hotspot derived ocean‐island volcanoes been the targets of sampling, due to sparse high‐resolution mapping near ocean islands. In the Galápagos Archipelago, for instance, sampling has primarily targeted the subaerial volcanic edifices, with only a few studies focusing on large‐volume submarine features. Sampling restricted to these large volcanic features may present a selection bias, potentially resulting in a skewed view of magmatic and source processes because mature magmatic systems support mixing and volcanic accretion that overprints early magmatic stages. We demonstrate how finer‐scale sampling of satellite seamounts surrounding the volcanic islands in the Galápagos can be used to lessen this bias and thus, better constrain the evolution of these volcanoes. Seamounts were targeted in the vicinity of Floreana and Fernandina Islands, and between Santiago and Santa Cruz. In all regions, individual seamounts are typically monogenetic, but each seamount field requires multigenerational magmatic episodes to account for their geochemical variability. This study demonstrates that in the southern and eastern regions the seamounts are characterized by greater geochemical variability than the islands they surround but all three regions have (Sr‐Nd‐He) isotopic signatures that resemble neighboring islands. Variations in seamount chemistry from alkalic to tholeiitic near Fernandina support the concept that islands along the center of the hotspot track undergo greater mean depths of melting, as predicted by plume theory. Patterns of geochemical and isotopic enrichment of seamounts within each region support fine‐scale mantle heterogeneities in the mantle plume sourcing the Galápagos hotspot.
Enduring neurobehavioral effects induced by microbiota depletion during the adolescent period
Authors: Lach Gilliard , Fülling Christine , Bastiaanssen Thomaz F. S. , Fouhy Fiona , Donovan Aoife N. O’ , Ventura-Silva Ana Paula , Stanton Catherine , Dinan Timothy G. , Cryan John F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe gut microbiota is an essential regulator of many aspects of host physiology. Disruption of gut microbial communities affects gut-brain communication which ultimately can manifest as changes in brain function and behaviour. Transient changes in gut microbial composition can be induced by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors, however, it is possible that enduring shifts in the microbiota composition can be achieved by perturbation at a timepoint when the gut microbiota has not fully matured or is generally unstable, such as during early life or ageing. In this study, we investigated the effects of 3-week microbiota depletion with antibiotic treatment during the adolescent period and in adulthood. Following a washout period to restore the gut microbiota, behavioural and molecular hallmarks of gut-brain communication were investigated. Our data revealed that transient microbiota depletion had long-lasting effects on microbiota composition and increased anxiety-like behaviour in mice exposed to antibiotic treatment during adolescence but not in adulthood. Similarly, gene expression in the amygdala was more severely affected in mice treated during adolescence. Taken together these data highlight the vulnerability of the gut microbiota during the critical adolescent period and the long-lasting impact manipulations of the microbiota can have on gene expression and behaviour in adulthood.
Micro-combinatorial sampling of the optical properties of hydrogenated amorphous $$\hbox {Si}_{1-x}\,\hbox {Ge}_{{x}}$$ for the entire range of compositions towards a database for optoelectronics
Authors: Kalas Benjamin , Zolnai Zsolt , Sáfrán György , Serényi Miklós , Agocs Emil , Lohner Tivadar , Nemeth Attila , Khánh Nguyen Quoc , Fried Miklós , Petrik Peter 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe optical parameters of hydrogenated amorphous a-$$\hbox {Si}_{1-x}\,\hbox {Ge}_{{x}}$$

Si

1
-
x

Ge
x

:H layers were measured with focused beam mapping ellipsometry for photon energies from 0.7 to 6.5 eV. The applied single-sample micro-combinatorial technique enables the preparation of a-$$\hbox {Si}_{1-x}\,\hbox {Ge}_{{x}}$$

Si

1
-
x

Ge
x

:H with full range composition spread. Linearly variable composition profile was revealed along the 20 mm long gradient part of the sample by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and elastic recoil detection analysis. The Cody-Lorentz approach was identified as the best method to describe the optical dispersion of the alloy. The effect of incorporated H on the optical absorption is explained by the lowering of the density of localized states in the mobility gap. It is shown that in the low-dispersion near infrared range the refractive index of the a-$$\hbox {Si}_{1-x}\,\hbox {Ge}_x$$

Si

1
-
x

Ge
x

alloy can be comprehended as a linear combination of the optical parameters of the components. The micro-combinatorial sample preparation with mapping ellipsometry is not only suitable for the fabrication of samples with controlled lateral distribution of the concentrations, but also opens new prospects in creating databases of compounds for optical and optoelectonic applications.
Spectrochemical differentiation in gestational diabetes mellitus based on attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and multivariate analysis
Authors: Bernardes-Oliveira Emanuelly , de Freitas Daniel Lucas Dantas , de Morais Camilo de Lelis Medeiros , Cornetta Maria da Conceição de Mesquita , Camargo Juliana Dantas de Araújo Santos , de Lima Kassio Michell Gomes , Crispim Janaina Cristiana de Oliveira 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a hyperglycaemic imbalance first recognized during pregnancy, and affects up to 22% of pregnancies worldwide, bringing negative maternal–fetal consequences in the short- and long-term. In order to better characterize GDM in pregnant women, 100 blood plasma samples (50 GDM and 50 healthy pregnant control group) were submitted Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, using chemometric approaches, including feature selection algorithms associated with discriminant analysis, such as Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (QDA) and Support Vector Machines (SVM), analyzed in the biofingerprint region between 1800 and 900 cm−1 followed by Savitzky–Golay smoothing, baseline correction and normalization to Amide-I band (~ 1650 cm−1). An initial exploratory analysis of the data by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed a separation tendency between the two groups, which were then classified by supervised algorithms. Overall, the results obtained by Genetic Algorithm Linear Discriminant Analysis (GA-LDA) were the most satisfactory, with an accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 100%. The spectral features responsible for group differentiation were attributed mainly to the lipid/protein regions (1462–1747 cm−1). These findings demonstrate, for the first time, the potential of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis as a screening tool for fast and low-cost GDM detection.
Combination of data-driven models and interpolation technique to develop of PM10 map for Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Dung Anh , Duong Son Hong , Tran Phuong Anh , Cao Hai Hoang , Ho Bang Quoc 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe degradation of air quality is the most concerned issue of our society due to its harmful impacts on human health, especially in cities with rapid urbanization and population growth like Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam. This study aims at developing a new approach that combines data-driven models and interpolation technique to develop the PM10 concentration maps from meteorological factors for the central area of Hanoi. Data-driven models that relate the PM10 concentration with the meteorological factors at the air quality monitoring stations in the study area were developed using the Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithms. Models’ performance comparison showed that ANN models yielded better goodness-of-fit indices than MLR models at all stations in the study area with average coefficient of correlation (r) and Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency Index (NSE) of 0.51 and 0.34 for the former, and 0.7 and 0.49 for the latter. These indices indicates that the ANN-based data-driven models outperformed the MLR-based models. Thus, the ANN-based models and the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation technique were then combined for mapping the monthly PM10 concentration with a spatial resolution of 1 km from global meteorological data. With this combination, the PM10 concentration maps account for both local PM10 concentration and impacts of spatio-temporal variations of meteorological factors on the PM10 concentration. This study provides a promising method to predict the PM concentration with a high spatio-temporal resolution from meteorological data.
Increased mosquito abundance and species richness in Connecticut, United States 2001–2019
Authors: Petruff Tanya A. , McMillan Joseph R. , Shepard John J. , Andreadis Theodore G. , Armstrong Philip M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHistorical declines in multiple insect taxa have been documented across the globe in relation to landscape-level changes in land use and climate. However, declines have either not been universally observed in all regions or examined for all species. Because mosquitoes are insects of public health importance, we analyzed a longitudinal mosquito surveillance data set from Connecticut (CT), United States (U.S.) from 2001 to 2019 to identify changes in mosquito community composition over time. We first analyzed annual site-level collections and metrics of mosquito community composition with generalized linear/additive mixed effects models; we also examined annual species-level collections using the same tools. We then examined correlations between statewide collections and weather variables as well as site-level collections and land cover classifications. We found evidence that the average trap night collection of mosquitoes has increased by ~ 60% and statewide species richness has increased by ~ 10% since 2001. Total species richness was highest in the southern portion of CT, likely due to the northward range expansion of multiple species within the Aedes, Anopheles, Culex, and Psorophora genera. How the expansion of mosquito populations in the northeast U.S. will alter mosquito-borne pathogen transmission in the region will require further investigation.
Photobiomodulation drives pericyte mobilization towards skin regeneration
Authors: do Valle Isabella Bittencourt , Prazeres Pedro Henrique Dias Moura , Mesquita Ricardo Alves , Silva Tarcília Aparecida , de Castro Oliveira Hortência Maciel , Castro Pollyana Ribeiro , Freitas Iuri Dornelas Prates , Oliveira Sicília Rezende , Gomes Natália Aparecida , de Oliveira Rafaela Férrer , Marquiore Larissa Fassarela , Macari Soraia , do Amaral Flávio Almeida , Jácome-Santos Humberto , Barcelos Lucíola Silva , Menezes Gustavo Batista , Marques Márcia Martins , Birbrair Alexander , Diniz Ivana Márcia Alves 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPhotobiomodulation is being widely applied for improving dermal or mucosal wound healing. However, the underlying cellular and molecular processes that directly contribute to its effects remain poorly understood. Pericytes are relevant cells involved in the wound microenvironment and could be one of the main targets of photobiomodulation due to their plasticity and perivascular localization. Herein, we investigate tissue repair under the photobiomodulation stimulus using a pericyte labeled (or reporter) transgenic mice. Using a model of two contralateral back wounds, one the control and the other photoactivated daily (660 nm, 20 mW, 0.71 W/cm2, 5 J/cm2, 7 s, 0.14 J), we showed an overall influx of immune and undifferentiated cells and higher mobilization of a potent pericyte subpopulation (Type-2 pericytes) in the photoactivated wounds in comparison to the controls. Doppler analysis showed a significant increase in the blood flow in the photoactivated wounds, while marked vascular supply was observed histologically. Histochemical analysis has indicated more advanced stages of tissue repair after photoactivation. These data suggest that photobiomodulation significantly accelerates tissue repair through its vascular effects with direct recruitment of pericytes to the injury site.
Modeling schistosomiasis spatial risk dynamics over time in Rwanda using zero-inflated Poisson regression
Authors: Nyandwi Elias , Osei Frank Badu , Veldkamp Tom , Amer Sherif 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe recorded clinical cases of S. mansoni at primary health facility level contain an excessive number of zero records. This could mean that no S. mansoni infection occurred (a true zero) in the health facility service area but it could also that at least one infection occurred but none were reported or diagnosed (a false zero). Standard statistical analysis, using exploratory or confirmatory spatial regression, fail to account for this type of data insufficiency. This study developed a zero-inflated Poisson model to explore the spatiotemporal variation in schistosomiasis risk at a fine spatial scale. We used environmental data generated at primary health facility service area level as explanatory variables affecting transmission risk. Identified risk factors were subsequently used to project the spatial variability of S. mansoni infection risk for 2050. The zero-inflated Poisson model shows a considerable increase of relative risk of the schistosomiasis over one decade. Furthermore, the changes between the risk in 2009 and forecasted risk by 2050 indicated both persistent and emerging areas with high relative risk of schistosomiasis infection. The risk of schistosomiasis transmission is 69%, 29%, and 50% higher in areas with rice cultivation, proximity to rice farms, and proximity to a water body respectively. The prediction and forecasting maps provide a valuable tool for monitoring schistosomiasis risk in Rwanda and planning future disease control initiatives in wetland ecosystem development context.
Plant functional traits are correlated with species persistence in the herb layer of old-growth beech forests
Authors: Campetella Giandiego , Chelli Stefano , Simonetti Enrico , Damiani Claudia , Bartha Sandor , Wellstein Camilla , Giorgini Daniele , Puletti Nicola , Mucina Ladislav , Cervellini Marco , Canullo Roberto 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper explores which traits are correlated with fine-scale (0.25 m2) species persistence patterns in the herb layer of old-growth forests. Four old-growth beech forests representing different climatic contexts (presence or absence of summer drought period) were selected along a north–south gradient in Italy. Eight surveys were conducted in each of the sites during the period spanning 1999–2011. We found that fine-scale species persistence was correlated with different sets of plant functional traits, depending on local ecological context. Seed mass was found to be as important for the fine-scale species persistence in the northern sites, while clonal and bud-bank traits were markedly correlated with the southern sites characterised by summer drought. Leaf traits appeared to correlate with species persistence in the drier and wetter sites. However, we found that different attributes, i.e. helomorphic vs scleromorphic leaves, were correlated to species persistence in the northernmost and southernmost sites, respectively. These differences appear to be dependent on local trait adaptation rather than plant phylogenetic history. Our findings suggest that the persistent species in the old-growth forests might adopt an acquisitive resource-use strategy (i.e. helomorphic leaves with high SLA) with higher seed mass in sites without summer drought, while under water-stressed conditions persistent species have a conservative resource-use strategy (i.e. scleromorphic leaves with low SLA) with an increased importance of clonal and resprouting ability.
Ising ferromagnetism and robust half-metallicity in two-dimensional honeycomb-kagome Cr2O3 layer
Authors: Hashmi Arqum , Nakanishi Kenta , Farooq Muhammad Umar , Ono Tomoya 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn contrast to the current research on two-dimensional (2D) materials, which is mainly focused on graphene and transition metal dichalcogenide-like structures, studies on 2D transition metal oxides are rare. By using ab initio calculations along with Monte Carlo simulations and nonequilibrium Green’s function method, we demonstrate that the transition metal oxide monolayer (ML) of Cr2O3 is an ideal candidate for next-generation spintronics applications. 2D Cr2O3 has honeycomb-kagome lattice, where the Dirac and strongly correlated fermions coexist around the Fermi level. Furthermore, the spin exchange coupling constant shows strong ferromagnetic (FM) interaction between Cr atoms. Cr2O3 ML has a robust half-metallic behavior with a large spin gap of ~3.9 eV and adequate Curie temperature. Interestingly, an intrinsic Ising FM characteristic is observed with a giant perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy of ~0.9 meV. Most remarkably, nonequilibrium Green’s function calculations reveal that the Cr2O3 ML exhibits an excellent spin filtering effect.
Barrieren und Ressourcen in der Behandlung von Patient/innen mit Migrationshintergrund in der psychosomatischen Rehabilitation
Authors: Handtke Oriana , Imgart Hartmut , Krenge Sabine , Kuhnert Judith , Schneider Jens , Mösko Mike 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungPatient/innen mit Migrationshintergrund nehmen Angebote der psychosomatischen Rehabilitation seltener in Anspruch und erreichen niedrigere Behandlungserfolge als Patient/innen ohne Migrationshintergrund. In der Gesundheitsversorgung begegnen Patient/innen mit Migrationshintergrund verschiedenen Prozessbarrieren und individuellen Hindernissen, die die Behandlung erschweren können. Studien haben gezeigt, dass auch für Mitarbeiter/innen in Gesundheitseinrichtungen die Behandlung von Patient/innen mit Migrationshintergrund herausfordernd sein kann.Ziel dieser Studie ist es, Barrieren und Ressourcen von Patient/innen mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund zu erheben, die sie während ihrer Behandlung in psychosomatischen Rehabilitationskliniken erleben, und miteinander zu vergleichen. Ferner sollen die Barrieren und Ressourcen von Mitarbeiter/innen mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund in der Behandlung von Patient/innen mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund erfasst und ebenfalls verglichen werden.Es wurden insgesamt 77 semi-strukturierte Interviews geführt (20 Patient/innen mit Migrationshintergrund und 19 ohne, sowie 14 Mitarbeiter/innen mit Migrationshintergrund, 24 ohne). Die Daten wurden transkribiert und nach der Methode der zusammenfassenden qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring mit induktiver Kategorienbildung ausgewertet.Patient/innen mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund profitieren nach eigenen Angaben von der Behandlung in psychosomatischen Rehabilitationskliniken. Die wichtigsten Barrieren für Patient/innen mit Migrationshintergrund und Mitarbeiter/innen sind Sprachbarrieren, kulturelle Unterschiede, divergierende Erwartungen sowie die eigenschränkte interkulturelle Öffnung der Rehabilitationskliniken. Sofern diese implementiert ist, profitieren Patient/innen mit Migrationshintergrund und Mitarbeiter/innen ohne Migrationshintergrund von ihr, während v. a. Mitarbeiter/innen mit Migrationshintergrund diese gewährleisten und unter Mehrbelastungen leiden.