bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corrosion resistance of a Nitinol ocular microstent: Implications on biocompatibility
Authors: Nagaraja Srinidhi , Pelton Alan R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNitinol is commonly used in medical implants due to its unique thermomechanical properties of shape memory and superelasticity. Free nickel has the potential to induce biological responses that may be a concern for permanent implants manufactured from nickel‐containing alloys. Although there are extensive reports on the effects of surface treatments on corrosion behavior in cardiovascular Nitinol implants, there is a lack of data on corrosion resistance and impact on biocompatibility for ocular implants. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine localized corrosion and nickel elution resistance of an electropolished Nitinol‐based ocular device (Hydrus Microstent, Ivantis, Inc.) intended for patients with primary open angle glaucoma. Pitting corrosion susceptibility was characterized by potentiodynamic polarization testing per ASTM F2129. In addition, nickel ion release was quantified with immersion testing to 63 days. The results indicated high localized corrosion resistance as all samples reached polarization potentials of 800 mV without pitting initiation. Maximum nickel elution rates per device were less than approximately 1.1 ng/device/day after the first day of immersion and reduced to less than 0.1 ng/device/day after 7 days. For a patient with bilateral microstents, these nickel concentrations are ×10,000 lower than previously published tolerable intake levels for systemic toxicity. Overall, these corrosion results are in good agreement with literature values of well processed and biocompatible Nitinol devices indicating adverse systemic biological responses are not expected in vivo.
Longitudinal cerebrospinal fluid assessment in a patient with tuberculous meningitis—A case report
Authors: Chen Yuxin , Liu Xiaojin , Zhang Xun , Zhang Zhihua , Zhou Xueqin , Wang Yuqing , Wu Shucai , Zheng Liheng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundDynamic assessment of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is essential for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of tuberculous meningitis, one of the most severe forms of central nervous system (CNS) infection.Case presentationA 45‐year‐old man sought care as he developed confusion, clonic convulsion, and coma. Longitudinal, comprehensive analyses of cytological, biochemical, and microbial changes in CSF specimen were assessed for this patient. On day 1 of hospitalization, modified Ziehl‐Neelsen staining of CSF identified positive acid‐fast bacilli, cytological analysis revealed neutrophilic‐predominant pleocytosis (neutrophils 77%), and adenosine deaminase (ADA) was substantially elevated. Therefore, tuberculous meningitis was diagnosed and first‐line standard anti‐tuberculosis treatment was initiated. Interestingly, after 7‐day treatment, the patient was greatly improved, and CSF disclosed a dominant percentage of lymphocytes (82%) as well as macrophages engulfing Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Later, the dose of dexamethasone was reduced, large number of neutrophils (57%) was present and protein level was immediately elevated in CSF specimen, indicating a possible relapse of tuberculous meningitis. Since the clinical condition of the patient was not worsening, the patient was stick to reduced dose of dexamethasone and standard anti‐tuberculosis agents. He was discharged from the hospital on day 34, with 1‐year continuation standard anti‐tuberculosis therapy, and was clinically resolved from tuberculous meningitis.ConclusionDetailed analyses of cellular composition, biochemical results, and microbial tests of CSF specimen provide the physician direct evidence of the immune surveillance status during tuberculous meningitis, which facilitates early diagnosis, optimal treatment, and improved prognosis.
The epidemiology and clinical features of selective immunoglobulin M deficiency: A single‐center study in China
Authors: Ni Jinyao , Zhang Junwu , Chen Qi , Chen Yanxia , Liu Jinlin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundSelective immunoglobulin M deficiency (SIgMD) is a rare primary immunodeficiency that is frequently reported in Western countries. However, large epidemiological and clinical studies of SIgMD in China are still lacking. Herein, we describe a cohort of SIgMD subjects in a large tertiary university hospital in China.MethodsA cross‐sectional study included 139 668 participants at First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2014 to October 2018 was conducted. Individuals with a serum IgM level less than 0.3 g/L with normal levels of serum IgA and IgG were defined as having SIgMD.ResultA total of 63 subjects met the criteria for SIgMD(63/139668, 0.045%), with a male‐to‐female ratio of 0.85, aged from 19 to 99 years. The most common clinical manifestation was autoimmune disorders (38/63, 60.32%), while the second most common manifestation was infections (21/63, 33.33%). Neither allergies nor tumors were found among these 63 SIgMD subjects. Most importantly, there were 30 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus among these 63 SIgMD subjects, accounting for 47.62% of all SIgMD subjects.ConclusionTo our knowledge, we describe here the first large single‐center cohort of adult patients affected by SIgMD in China. The most common clinical manifestation was autoimmune disorders, specifically systemic lupus erythematosus.
CircRNA hsa_circ_0013958 may contribute to the development of ovarian cancer by affecting epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and apoptotic signaling pathways
Authors: Pei Cheng , Wang Han , Shi Cong , Zhang Chuanqi , Wang Min 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundCircRNA plays an important role in the development of tumors, but its mechanism of action in ovarian cancer is still unclear.MethodsThe expression level of hsa_circ_0013958 in 45 pairs of ovarian cancer tissues and cells was quantified by qRT‐PCR, further revealing whether it is related to clinicopathological features and diagnostic value. Next, the effects of hsa_circ_0013958 on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of A2780 and OVCAR‐3 cells were detected by CCK‐8 assay, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. Last, the expression levels of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition‐related proteins (E‐cadherin and Vimentin) and apoptosis‐related proteins (Bcl‐2 and Bax) were detected by Western blotting.ResultsHsa_circ_0013958 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer tissues and cells, and its expression was closely related to patient FIGO stage and lymph node metastasis. Further, in vitro studies showed that knockdown of hsa_circ_0013958 suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells but elevated the cell apoptotic rate. The expression levels of both epithelial‐mesenchymal transition‐related proteins and apoptosis‐related proteins were also changed.ConclusionsHsa_circ_0013958 may contribute to the development of ovarian cancer by affecting epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and apoptotic signaling pathways.
“Did I see what I really saw?” Violence, percepticide, and dangerous seeing after an Immigration and Customs Enforcement raid
Authors: Langhout Regina D. , Vaccarino‐Ruiz S. Sylvane 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe use a violence framework to describe an Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) raid, and the subsequent cultural and structural violence that played out in one community after the raid. First, we focus on testimonies given about the ICE raids at two city council meetings, compared with how the raids were characterized in the local paper. We document cultural and structural violence in the newspaper reporting, through ideology and narratives (as forms of cultural violence) and percepticide (as a form of structural violence). We then analyze the process undertaken by 9–12‐year‐old youth researchers to construct a problem definition, and the script they wrote to explain the problem. We describe the “dangerous seeing” they engaged in to decode fictions about violence and create a rupture for solidarity and social action. Finally, we examine how elementary school leadership responded to these youth. Through fieldnotes, we document the cultural violence (via the control of public space) and structural violence (via percepticide and the obscuring of the social origins of social problems) perpetrated by school leadership.
The association between residential mobility and adolescents' health: The mediating role of neighborhood social cohesion
Authors: Cho Youngmin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study examined the relationship between residential mobility, neighborhood social cohesion, and health status in US adolescents. Using data from the 2017 National Child Health Survey, our study showed that high residential mobility is negatively related to adolescents' health. Furthermore, we found that the association between residential mobility and adolescents' health status was mediated by neighborhood social cohesion. These findings suggest that neighborhood social cohesion can be an important mechanism through which residential mobility affects adolescents' health status.
PACAP ameliorates fertility in obese male mice via PKA/CREB pathway‐dependent Sirt1 activation and p53 deacetylation
Authors: Yan Qiuxia , Huang Hongke , Lu Shiyin , Ou Biqian , Feng Jia , Shan Wailan , Li Huixian , Wang Zixian , Hong An , Ma Yi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObesity is strongly linked to male infertility. Testicular spermatogenic cell apoptosis plays an important role in obesity‐related male infertility. Pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating peptide (PACAP) has been recently shown to exhibit antiapoptotic and antidiabetic effects. However, the effects of PACAP on obesity‐related male infertility remain unknown. The purpose of the current study is to explore the role of PACAP in obesity‐related male infertility. Here, C57BL/6 male mice were fed with a high‐fat diet to induce obesity and then treated with PACAP. PACAP treatment ameliorated obesity characteristics, including body weight, epididymal adipose weight, testes/body weight, serum lipids levels, and reproductive hormone levels in vivo. Additionally, PACAP was shown to improve the reproductive function of the obese mice, which was characterized by improved testis morphology, sperm parameters, acrosome reaction, and embryo quality after in vitro fertilization via silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) activation and p53 deacetylation. These beneficial effects of PACAP were abolished in obese mice with testis‐specific knockdown of Sirt1. The mechanism studies showed that PACAP selectively binds to the PAC1 receptor to attenuate palmitic acid‐induced mouse spermatogenic cell (GC‐1) apoptosis via the PKA/CREB/Sirt1/p53 pathway. However, this mechanism was inhibited in GC‐1 cells lacking Sirt1. Finally, human semen studies showed that the decline in sperm quality in obese infertile men was partly due to Sirt1 downregulation and p53 acetylation. Our data suggest that PACAP could ameliorate fertility in obese male mice and may be a promising candidate drug for obesity‐induced male infertility.
Requirement of GTP binding for TIF‐90‐regulated ribosomal RNA synthesis and oncogenic activities in human colon cancer cells
Authors: Nguyen Dang Quan , Hoang Dinh Hoa , Nelson Michael , Nigam Lokesh , Nguyen Vo Thanh Thao , Zhang Lianjun , Pham Tram Kim Thi , Ho Huu Duc , Nguyen Dai Dong Thi , Lam Trung Quoc , Tat Trinh To , Elhajmoussa Yasmin , Ly Quoc Trung , Pichiorri Flavia , Pullarkat Vinod , Zhang Bin , Kuo Ya‐Huei , Marcucci Guido , Nguyen Le Xuan Truong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTranscription initiation factor 90 (TIF‐90), an alternatively spliced variant of TIF‐IA, differs by a 90 base pair deletion of exon 6. TIF‐90 has been shown to regulate ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis by interacting with polymerase I (Pol I) during the initiation of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription in the nucleolus. Recently, we showed that TIF‐90‐mediated rRNA synthesis can play an important role in driving tumorigenesis in human colon cancer cells. Here we show that TIF‐90 binds GTP at threonine 310, and that GTP binding is required for TIF‐90‐enhanced rRNA synthesis. Overexpression of activated AKT induces TIF‐90 T310, but not a GTP‐binding site (TIF‐90 T310N) mutant, to translocate into the nucleolus and increase rRNA synthesis. Complementing this result, treatment with mycophenolic acid (MPA), an inhibitor of GTP production, dissociates TIF‐90 from Pol I and hence abolishes AKT‐increased rRNA synthesis by way of TIF‐90 activation. Thus, TIF‐90 requires bound GTP to fulfill its function as an enhancer of rRNA synthesis. Both TIF variants are highly expressed in colon cancer cells, and depletion of TIF‐IA expression in these cells results in significant sensitivity to MPA‐inhibited rRNA synthesis and reduced cell proliferation. Finally, a combination of MPA and AZD8055 (an inhibitor of both AKT and mTOR) synergistically inhibits rRNA synthesis, in vivo tumor growth, and other oncogenic activities of primary human colon cancer cells, suggesting a potential avenue for the development of therapeutic treatments by targeting the regulation of rRNA synthesis by TIF proteins.
Clinical correlates in children with autism spectrum disorder and CNVs: Systematic investigation in a clinical setting
Authors: Barone Rita , Gulisano Mariangela , Amore Renata , Domini Carla , Milana Maria Chiara , Giglio Sabrina , Madia Francesca , Mattina Teresa , Casabona Antonino , Fichera Marco , Rizzo Renata 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with various molecular mechanisms including copy number variants (CNVs). We investigated possible associations between CNVs and ASD clinical correlates. We evaluated pertinent physical characteristics and phenotypic measures such as cognitive level, severity of ASD symptoms and comorbid conditions in ASD patients consecutively recruited over the study period. Children with causative (C‐CNVs), non‐causative (NC‐CNVs) and without CNVs (W‐CNVs) were compared. Out of 109 patients, 31 imbalances (16 duplications and 15 deletions) were detected in 25 subjects. Seven (6.4%) had C‐CNVs and 18 (16.5%) had NC‐CNVs. Paired post hoc comparisons with Bonferroni adjustment showed that dysmorphisms and microcephaly were significantly more frequent in the C‐CNVs group. Patients with C‐CNVs had more severe autistic core symptoms, while comorbid internalizing behavioral symptoms were more represented among participants with NC‐CNVs. No significant differences were observed for distribution of macrocephaly, intellectual disability, epilepsy, isolated electroencephalogram abnormalities and studied neuroimaging characteristics among groups. Recurrent and rare C‐CNVs highlighting genes relevant to neurodevelopment had a statistically higher occurrence in children with more severe ASD symptoms and further developmental abnormalities. This study documents the importance of measuring the physical and neurobehavioural correlates of ASD phenotypes to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms in patient subgroups.
Understanding ethical decision‐making in design
Authors: Corple Danielle J. , Zoltowski Carla B. , Kenny Feister Megan , Buzzanell Patrice M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about how students engage in ethical decision‐making, especially when designing in messy, real‐life contexts. To prepare ethically competent engineers, educators need a richer understanding of students' ethical decision‐making throughout the course of the design process.Purpose/HypothesisThis study examines students' intuitive ethical decision‐making as it emerges throughout the design process as well as when and how students engage in ethical reflection. Outlining these processes enables educators to better structure and support students' ethical reasoning.Design/MethodWe conducted 103 semi‐structured interviews with students in a multidisciplinary service‐learning program. To capture how ethical decision‐making unfolded over time, we sampled 13 students who had participated for multiple semesters on the same projects. The resulting 30 interviews were transcribed, coded, and thematically analyzed. We then explicated when and how students appeared to grapple with the ethical principles of beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice.ResultsThe findings trace which ethical principles emerged as salient in each phase of the design process as well as what conditions and activities stimulated students' reflection on their ethical decision‐making.ConclusionsAlthough certain phases of the design process appear to prompt consideration of specific principles, students' interactions with users and project partners appeared to stimulate the most reflection on their ethical decision‐making. We discuss how educators can leverage these and other reflection triggers to better structure and support students' ethical reasoning as well as strategies for making intuitive processes more explicit.
MicroRNA‐1249 targets four‐jointed box kinase 1 and reduces cell proliferation, migration and invasion of colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Dang Wen , Zhu Zhen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundMiR‐1249 was demonstrated to be dysregulated and related to prognosis in cancers. It has been reported to be significantly down‐regulated in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). The present study aimed to explore the clinical value and biological roles of miR‐1249 in the progression of COAD.MethodsmiRWalk was applied to predict potential targets of miR‐1249. We investigated the expression patterns of miR‐1249 and its potential target Four‐Jointed Box Kinase 1 (FJX1) in COAD samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) or ONCOMINE database. Kaplan–Meier with a log‐rank test was used to reveal the relationship between overall survival (OS) and miR‐1249/FJX1. The predictive ability of miR‐1249/FJX1 was investigated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. CCK‐8 and Transwell assays were performed to determine whether miR‐1249 was connected with cell viability, migration and invasion. A luciferase reporter assay was applied to verify the association of miR‐1249 and FJX1 as its predicted target gene.ResultsWe predicted and confirmed FJX1 to be a target gene of miR‐1249. MiR‐1249 was down‐regulated in COAD samples and cell lines. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the expression of FJX1 could be regarded as independent predictor for COAD. Moreover, miR‐1249 and FJX1 were respectively the indicators of favorable and poor OS. MiR‐1249 over‐expression repressed cell growth, migration and invasion. Overexpression of FJX1 in cells treated with miR‐1249 mimic abolished the inhibitory effect of miR‐1249 on cell growth, migration and invasion.ConclusionsmiR‐1249 exerts a suppressive effect on cell proliferation, migration and invasion in COAD, which is possibly achieved via modulating FJX1.
Identification of coronavirus sequences in carp cDNA from Wuhan, China
Authors: Conway Michael J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)‐like coronavirus sequences were identified in two separate complementary DNA (cDNA) pools. The first pool was from a Carassius auratus (crusian carp) cell line and the second was from Ctenopharyngodon idella (grass carp) head kidney tissue. BLAST analysis suggests that these sequences belong to SARS‐like coronaviruses, and that they are not evolutionarily conserved in other species. Investigation of the submitting laboratories revealed that two laboratories from the Institute of Hydrobiology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Wuhan, China performed the research and submitted the cDNA libraries to GenBank. This institution is very close in proximity to the Wuhan South China Seafood Wholesale Market where SARS‐CoV‐2 first amplified in the human population. It is possible that these sequences are an artifact of the bioinformatics pipeline that was used. It is also possible that SARS‐like coronaviruses are a common environmental pathogen in the region that may be in aquatic habitats.
Beyond demographic identities and motivation to learn: The effect of organizational identification on diversity training outcomes
Authors: Rawski Shannon L. , Conroy Samantha A. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThere is a pressing need for better explanations of diversity training effectiveness so that organizations can administer training programs that facilitate positive intergroup interactions. In this paper, we consider the unique predictive effect of organizational identification on diversity training outcomes beyond the effects of the traditional predictors of demographic‐based identities and motivation to learn across two samples of employees involved in diversity‐related training at their employing organizations. Organizational identification predicted unique variance in voluntary participation in diversity training, diversity training‐related knowledge application, motivation to transfer diversity training, and diversity training‐related organizational citizenship behavior intentions. Research and practitioner implications are discussed based on our findings.
Habitat Selection by Female Elk During Minnesota's Agricultural Season
Authors: Hinton Joseph W. , Freeman Alicia E. , St‐Louis Véronique , Cornicelli Louis , D'Angelo Gino J. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTUnderstanding space‐use patterns by elk (Cervus canadensis) is essential to alleviating human‐elk conflicts, particularly when crop depredation by elk can make it harder to justify to the public the need to restore elk populations to regions with agricultural landscapes. In 2016–2017, we used global positioning system data from 20 female elk to investigate their selection for agricultural cover during the agricultural season (1 May–31 Oct) in northwestern Minnesota, USA. We estimated resource selection functions with resource availability defined at the home range scale. Elk space use was primarily determined by distance to forest cover in areas proximate to agricultural fields. During diurnal periods, elk selected areas with forest cover near agricultural fields planted with legumes and cereal. During nocturnal periods, elk selected for agricultural fields with little to no canopy and that were planted with legumes. We suggest that management of elk in northwestern Minnesota will require practices that discourage the use of agriculture by elk while improving natural habitats within areas managed for elk restoration. We suggest that forestry practices (i.e., thinning and burning) could improve cover and forage openings for elk in restoration areas. Furthermore, managers could work with agricultural producers where elk occur to plant crops favored by elk (i.e., legumes) outside known home ranges and plant fields within home ranges with crops that elk avoided (i.e., hay). Collectively, these practices may shift the ranges of elk herds into restoration areas and lower conflict between the public and elk restoration efforts. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.