bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogel baits pose minimal risk to non‐target insects and beneficial species
Authors: Buczkowski Grzegorz 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInvasive ants are a significant pest around the world and have negative impact on natural and agricultural environments. Chemical control is mainly accomplished with residual sprays and toxic baits. Hydrogel baits are a novel bait formulation that has proven highly effective against multiple invasive ant species, but potential non‐target effects have not been investigated. The baits are typically saturated in 25% sucrose solution which makes them attractive to foraging ants and potentially non‐target organisms such as pollinators. The objective of the current study was to perform field studies to assess the potential attractiveness of hydrogel baits to various pollinating and non‐pollinating arthropods in a variety of ecosystems, including tallgrass prairies, urban pollinator gardens, and commercial apiaries. The study focused on social Hymenoptera as pesticides are acutely toxic to various Hymenoptera and have been implicated as one of the contributing factors in pollinator declines. Results show that Diptera were overwhelmingly the most common visitors and accounted for >40% of all visitors. Other common groups included beetles and yellowjackets. Common pollinating insects such as honeybees, solitary bees, and butterflies rarely visited the baits and accounted for ca. 3% of all visits and were never found on ground baits. Results show that the risk to pollinators is relatively low; most arthropods attracted to the baits were taxa that are extremely abundant, not of conservation concern, and in some cases pestiferous or invasive. The deployment of hydrogels for invasive ant control in areas where multiple invasive insect taxa are present may have the additional benefit of controlling multiple pests.
The role of local radiotherapy following rituximab‐containing chemotherapy in patients with transformed indolent B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Nozaki Kenji , Maruyama Dai , Maeshima Akiko Miyagi , Tajima Kinuko , Itami Jun , Shichijo Takafumi , Yuda Sayako , Suzuki Tomotaka , Toyoda Kosuke , Yamauchi Nobuhiko , Makita Shinichi , Fukuhara Suguru , Munakata Wataru , Kobayashi Yukio , Taniguchi Hirokazu , Izutsu Koji , Tobinai Kensei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of local radiotherapy (LRT) in patients with histologic transformation (HT) following rituximab‐containing chemotherapy.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed 92 patients with biopsy‐confirmed HT undergoing rituximab‐containing chemotherapy at our institution between 2003 and 2015.ResultsOf the 36 patients with limited‐stage disease at diagnosis of HT, 29 (78%) received LRT. The estimated 5‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) rate was significantly better in patients who underwent LRT than in those who did not (93% and 42%, respectively; P < 0.05). Multivariate analyses employing age, sex, performance status, LRT and treatment response demonstrated that LRT was an independent prognostic factor for PFS (hazard ratio [HR]: 11.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28‐108.1; P < 0.05). Of the 32 patients who underwent LRT for HT lesion treatment, 31 (97%) did not show disease progression within radiation fields; among them, 27 patients (84%) survived without disease progression during the follow‐up period. One patient developed hypothyroidism due to LRT; the others had no acute or late‐onset complications of LRT.ConclusionsOur data support the recommendation of LRT for HT lesion treatment following rituximab‐containing chemotherapy in select patients with localised HT, as a rational treatment approach with potentially limited toxicity.
Corneal sub‐basal whorl‐like nerve plexus: a landmark for early and follow‐up evaluation in transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy
Authors: Zhang Y. , Liu Z. , Zhang Y. , Wang H. , Liu X. , Zhang S. , Liu X. , Fan D. 
Published: October 2020

Background and purposeSmall‐fiber nerves are the first to be involved in transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy (TTR‐FAP) patients. In vivo corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is a noninvasive technique to detect small‐fiber polyneuropathy (SFN) by quantifying corneal nerve morphology. The characteristic whorl‐like pattern of the corneal nerve provides a static landmark for observation. We aimed to evaluate whether CCM images of the whorl‐like plexus can sensitively evaluate and monitor disease progression in FAP patients.MethodsFifteen FAP patients and 15 controls underwent neurological evaluation and CCM observation. Corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL), corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD), corneal nerve branch density (CNBD) detected by conventional method and inferior whorl length (IWL), inferior whorl fiber density (IWFD), and inferior whorl branch density (IWBD) were compared in controls and patients. The Langerhans cell (LC) density in each image was calculated.ResultsAll CCM parameters were significantly reduced with disease progression. Preclinical patients had significantly lower IWL (P = 0.008) than age‐matched controls. IWL (P = 0.006), CNFL (P = 0.005), CNBD (P = 0.008), and CNFD (P = 0.014) were significantly lower in early‐phase patients. LC density was significantly increased around the central whorl in early‐phase patients and was relatively lower in progressive patients. Both IWL and CNFL correlated with the severity of neuropathy, and IWL was more significantly reduced. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for FAP with CNFL and IWL was 88.0% (95% CI, 70.9%–96.9%) and 89.3% (95% CI, 72.6%–97.6%), respectively, exceeding other parameters.ConclusionsIWL is a more sensitive surrogate to detect preclinical SFN in FAP and can best discriminate patients from controls. The clustering of immature LCs at the inferior whorl area might reflect the inflammatory response of small‐fiber nerves at the early stage.
Anterior temporal encephaloceles: Elusive, important, and rewarding to treat
Authors: Tse Gabrielle T. , Frydman Aviva S. , O’Shea Marie F. , Fitt Greg J. , Weintrob David L. , Murphy Michael A. , Fabinyi Gavin C. , Bulluss Kristian J. , Cook Mark J. , Berkovic Samuel F. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the etiology and longitudinal clinical, neuropsychological, psychosocial, and surgical outcome profile of patients with medication refractory epilepsy and temporal encephaloceles with a view to highlight diagnostic clues and management strategies.MethodsThe comprehensive epilepsy program databases at two surgical epilepsy centers from January 2000 to October 2018 were reviewed for this observational study, to identify patients with encephaloceles causing temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and treated with surgical resection. Their clinical, radiological, neuropsychological, psychiatric, and surgical data were obtained. Body mass index (BMI) data were also reviewed due to possible correlation between idiopathic intracranial hypertension and encephaloceles.ResultsThirteen patients (eight female) were identified; only three were recognized on initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) report. Temporal encephaloceles were identified on the left in eight patients, on the right in three patients, and bilaterally in two patients. One patient had a strong family history of encephaloceles. The median BMI for patients with seizure onset ≤20 years of age was 22.4, whereas for patients with onset >20 years median BMI was 32.6 (P = .06). Five patients underwent a focal lesionectomy, three patients had limited temporal lobectomy, and five patients had standard anterior temporal lobectomy. Median postoperative follow‐up was 5.5 years. All but one patient were free of disabling seizures. Nine of ten neuropsychologically tested patients had no discernable cognitive decline postoperatively. Postoperative psychosocial adjustment features were present in four patients.SignificanceGenetic factors and a possible association with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (given female predominance and elevated BMI) may contribute to the causation of temporal lobe encephaloceles. It is notable that a targeted surgical approach in the management of patients with TLE associated with encephaloceles has an excellent long‐term clinical and neuropsychological outcome. Subtle encephaloceles should be actively searched for in patients with drug‐resistant TLE because they significantly change surgical strategy and prognostication.
Ivabradine improves survival and attenuates cardiac remodeling in isoproterenol‐induced myocardial injury
Authors: Simko Fedor , Baka Tomas , Repova Kristina , Aziriova Silvia , Krajcirovicova Kristina , Paulis Ludovit , Adamcova Michaela 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study investigated whether ivabradine, a selective If current inhibitor reducing heart rate (HR), is able to improve survival and prevent left ventricular (LV) remodeling in isoproterenol‐induced heart damage. Wistar rats were treated for 6 weeks: controls (n = 10), ivabradine (10 mg/kg/day orally; n = 10), isoproterenol (5 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally; n = 40), and isoproterenol plus ivabradine (n = 40). Isoproterenol increased mortality, induced hypertrophy of both ventricles and LV fibrotic rebuilding, and reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP). Ivabradine significantly increased survival rate (by 120%) and prolonged average survival time (by 20%). Furthermore, ivabradine reduced LV weight and hydroxyproline content in soluble and insoluble collagen fraction, reduced HR and attenuated SBP decline. We conclude that ivabradine improved survival in isoproterenol‐damaged hearts.
Multiaxial notch fatigue life prediction based on the dominated loading control mode under variable amplitude loading
Authors: Tao Zhi‐Qiang , Zhang Ming , Zhu Yu , Cai Tian , Zhang Zi‐Ling , Liu Hu , Bai Bin , Li Dao‐Hang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA new calculation approach is suggested to the fatigue life evaluation of notched specimens under multiaxial variable amplitude loading. Within this suggested approach, if the computed uniaxial fatigue damage by the pure torsional loading path is larger than that by the axial tension–compression loading path, a shear strain‐based multiaxial fatigue damage parameter is assigned to calculate multiaxial fatigue damage; otherwise, an axial strain‐based multiaxial fatigue damage parameter is assigned to calculate multiaxial fatigue damage. Furthermore, the presented method employs shear strain‐based and axial strain‐based multiaxial fatigue damage parameters in substitution of equivalent strain amplitude to consider the influence of nonproportional additional hardening. The experimental data of GH4169 superalloy and 7050‐T7451 aluminium alloy notched components are used to illustrate the presented multiaxial fatigue lifetime estimation approach for notched components, and the results reveal that estimations are accurate.
Lipid production is more than doubled by manipulating a diacylglycerol acyltransferase in algae
Authors: Zhang Yu , Pan Yufang , Ding Wei , Hu Hanhua , Liu Jin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOleaginous algae have the ability to synthesize a high level of triacylglycerol (TAG) and are considered as the next‐generation feedstock for biofuel production. Manipulating algal lipid biosynthetic pathways has potential to overproduce TAG and represents a feasible way toward bringing down algae‐derived biofuels production cost. Here we dissected functional roles and engineering potential of six diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) genes from the marine alga Phaeodactylum tricornutum. PtDGAT1, PtDGAT2B, and PtDGAT3, residing at the chloroplast endoplasmic reticulum (ER) readily for utilizing both chloroplast‐ and ER‐derived diacylglycerol, were transcriptionally correlated with TAG accumulation. Heterologous expression in yeast, in vitro assay and overexpression in P. tricornutum all supported that PtDGAT1 surpassed the other five PtDGATs in synthesizing TAG. Compared to wild type P. tricornutum, the PtDGAT1‐overexpressing strain produced more than doubled TAG and total lipids, which reached 57% and 73% of dry weight, respectively, record‐high levels ever achieved in this alga. Our results demonstrated the strategy of screening proper engineering targets and manipulating a single gene to pull carbon flux to lipids for TAG hyper‐accumulation without growth compromise. The engineered alga with a great trait improvement may serve as a potent lipid producer for production uses.
MKK7 deficiency in mature neurons impairs parental behavior in mice
Authors: Shin Tadashi , Hiraoka Yuichi , Yamasaki Tokiwa , Marth Jamey D. , Penninger Josef M. , Kanai‐Azuma Masami , Tanaka Kohichi , Kofuji Satoshi , Nishina Hiroshi 
Published: October 2020

Abstractc‐Jun N‐terminal kinases (JNKs) are constitutively activated in mammalian brains and are indispensable for their development and neural functions. MKK7 is an upstream activator of all JNKs. However, whether the common JNK signaling pathway regulates the brain's control of social behavior remains unclear. Here, we show that female mice in which Mkk7 is deleted specifically in mature neurons (Mkk7flox/floxSyn‐Cre mice) give birth to a normal number of pups but fail to raise them due to a defect in pup retrieval. To explore the mechanism underlying this abnormality, we performed comprehensive behavioral tests. Mkk7flox/floxSyn‐Cre mice showed normal locomotor functions and cognitive ability but exhibited depression‐like behavior. cDNA microarray analysis of mutant brain revealed an altered gene expression pattern. Quantitative RT‐PCR analysis demonstrated that mRNA expression levels of genes related to neural signaling pathways and a calcium channel were significantly different from controls. In addition, loss of neural MKK7 had unexpected regulatory effects on gene expression patterns in oligodendrocytes. These findings indicate that MKK7 has an important role in regulating the gene expression patterns responsible for promoting normal social behavior and staving off depression.
Surface plasmon resonance triggered promising visible light photocatalysis of LiNbO3 ceramic supported Ag nanoparticles
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , Kumar Manish , Singh Manmohan , Vaish Rahul 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLiNbO3 ceramic was fabricated using solid‐state reaction route. Silver nanoparticles (NPs) were loaded on LiNbO3 at room temperature using silver nitrate and polyethylene glycol reagents, without the use of external heat and light energy. The X‐ray diffraction showed only LiNbO3 phase in Ag‐loaded LiNbO3 sample with no peak related to Ag metal due to small fraction of Ag loading. X‐ray energy diffraction spectroscopy elemental color mapping confirmed the uniform loading of Ag metal on LiNbO3 particles. Ag metal was loaded in the form of NPs as visualized under transmission electron microscope. Ag NPs‐loaded LiNbO3 showed enhanced absorption of visible light owing to the phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The loading of Ag NPs had no effect on the band gap energy of LiNbO3 ceramic. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy technique confirmed the metallic chemical state of Ag in Ag NPs‐loaded LiNbO3. Ag NPs‐loaded LiNbO3 degraded 97% rhodamine‐B model dye from the solution when irradiated for 240 minutes under visible light. The dye degradation follows pseudo‐first‐order kinetic having k‐value (kinetic rate constant) of as 0.013 min−1. The •OH (hydroxyl) and (superoxide) radicals were the main active species behind the photocatalytic activity of Ag NPs‐loaded LiNbO3. Thus, Ag NPs‐loaded LiNbO3 could be a potential material for degrading organic dyes from water.
Loganetin and 5‐fluorouracil synergistically inhibit the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer cells via down‐regulation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway
Authors: Zhou Huaixiang , Hu Xiaoge , Li Na , Li Guangyan , Sun Xiaotian , Ge Feimin , Jiang Jiahong , Yao Jingchun , Huang Dongsheng , Yang Liu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlthough most gastrointestinal tumours are sensitive to 5‐fluorouracil (5FU), drug resistance is commonly occurred after 5FU therapy in gastric cancer (GC). Loganetin is the primary active compound in Cornus officinali. However, the synergetic effects of loganetin and 5FU on GC remain unknown. Here, we investigated the synergetic effects and the underlying mechanism of loganetin and 5FU on proliferation, stem‐like properties, migration, and invasion of GC both in vitro and in vivo. We found that loganetin alone inhibited the proliferation, stem‐like properties, migration and invasion of GC cells in vitro. Importantly, the loganetin remarkably enhanced the anti‐cancer effect of 5FU on GC cells and the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway might be involved in this process. Animal experiments further confirmed the synergistic effects of 5FU and loganetin on inhibiting cell growth and metastasis of GC. These results suggested that loganetin could synergistically increase the effect of 5FU against GC, which sheds light on effective combinational drug strategies for GC treatment.
Salivary biomarkers for discriminating periodontitis in the presence of diabetes
Authors: Miller Craig S. , Ding Xiuhua , Dawson Dolph R. , Ebersole Jeffrey L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimSalivary biomarkers can help in assessment of periodontitis; however, concentrations may be altered in the presence of diabetes. Hence, the ability of salivary biomarkers to discriminate periodontally healthy type II diabetics (T2DM) from T2DM who have periodontitis was examined.MethodsNinety‐two participants (29 with T2DM with chronic periodontitis, DWP; 32 T2DM without chronic periodontitis, DWoP; and 31 Not Periodontitis, NP) provided saliva and clinical parameters of periodontal health were recorded. Salivary concentrations of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, matrix metalloproteinase‐8 (MMP‐8), macrophage inflammatory protein‐1α (MIP‐1α), adiponectin and resistin were measured by immunoassay.ResultsSalivary analyte concentrations for IL‐1β, MMP‐8 and resistin correlated with clinical parameters of periodontitis, with MMP‐8 demonstrating the strongest positive correlation with PD ≥5 mm (p < 0.0001). Periodontal health was reflected in salivary analyte concentrations by group, with concentrations of IL‐1β and MMP‐8 showing significant associations with periodontitis (p ≤ 0.04) that increased in concentration from health to DWoP to DWP. Odds ratio (OR) analyses showed that MMP‐8 discriminated periodontitis from NP (OR of 8.12; 95% CI: 1.01–65.33; p = 0.03) and in the presence of T2DM (DWP vs DWoP, OR = 5.09; 95% CI: 1.24–20.92; p = 0.03).ConclusionSalivary MMP‐8 and IL‐1β discriminate periodontitis in T2DM.
Keratinized tissue gain after free gingival graft augmentation procedures around teeth and dental implants: A prospective observational study
Authors: Golmayo Pilar , Barallat Lucía , Losada Meritxell , Valles Cristina , Nart Jose , Pascual‐La Rocca Andrés 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimThe primary goal was to compare the amount of keratinized tissue width (KTW) gain after free gingival graft (FGG) procedures around implants and teeth after 6 and 12 months of healing.Materials and MethodsPatients with mucogingival defects (<2 mm of KT) around teeth and implants underwent a gingival augmentation procedure by means of a FGG. Clinical measurements were performed with an individual stent to determine keratinized tissue width (KTW), length (KTL), graft shrinkage (GS) and gingival margin position (GMP) at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after surgery.ResultsTwenty‐nine patients (35 sites) participated in this prospective study. After surgery, KTW decreased and GS increased significantly in both treatment groups during the whole follow‐up period, but the biggest changes were observed at 6 weeks. When comparing both treatment groups, implant sites showed significantly more reduction in KTW and more GS. Thus, at 12 months, KTW and GS reduced 2.03 ± 2.1 mm and 36.74 ± 38.2% in the teeth group and 2.91 ± 12.03 mm and 61.8 ± 36.25% around implants, respectively.ConclusionsA significantly greater reduction in KTW and more GS might be expected at implant sites.
Enhanced leaky sex expression in response to pollen limitation in the dioecious plant Mercurialis annua
Authors: Cossard Guillaume G. , Pannell John R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn dioecious plants, males and females frequently show ‘leaky’ sex expression, with individuals occasionally producing flowers of the opposite sex. This leaky sex expression may have enabled the colonization of oceanic islands by dioecious plant species, and it is likely to represent the sort of variation upon which selection acts to bring about evolutionary transitions from dioecy to hermaphroditism. Although leakiness is commonly reported for dioecious species, it is not known whether it has plastic component. The question is interesting because males or females with an ability to enhance their leakiness plastically in the absence of mates would have an advantage of being able to produce progeny by self‐fertilization. Here, we demonstrate that leaky sex expression in the wind‐pollinated dioecious herb Mercurialis annua is plastically responsive to its mating context. We compared experimental populations of females growing either with or without males. Females growing in the absence of males were leakier in their sex expression than controls growing with males, producing more than twice as many male flowers. Our results thus provide a striking instance of plasticity in the reproductive behaviour of plants that is likely adaptive. We consider how females might sense their mating environment as a function of pollen availability, and we discuss possible constraints on the evolution of plasticity in sex expression when the environmental signals that individuals receive are unreliable.
Histological and immunohistochemical characterization of 17 gonadal tumours in koi carp (Cyprinus carpio koi)
Authors: Sirri Rubina , Tura Giorgia , Budai Jane , Beraldo Paola , Fiorentino Michelangelo , Barbé Tim , Galeotti Marco , Sarli Giuseppe , Mandrioli Luciana 
Published: October 2020

AbstractReports on abdominal tumours in koi carp are scarce and most are from the gonads. Their histological diagnosis is challenging due to the occurrence of mixed populations of neoplastic cells and the few availability of cross‐reactive antibodies in fish tissues. The present study aims to provide a histopathological characterization of seventeen gonadal tumours, enriched by a wide antibody panel (vimentin, CD117, placental alkaline phosphatase—PLAP, AE1/AE3 cytokeratin, E‐cadherin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen—PCNA, müllerian‐inhibiting substance—MIS, GATA4 and Inhibin‐α) applied on whole and tissue microarray (TMA) sections. Abdominal enlargement was associated with tumours filling 30%–80% of the abdominal cavity; frequently, the gonads had been completely replaced by neoplastic tissue. Twelve cases were characterized as sex cord‐stromal tumours (SCSTs), three as germ cell tumours (GCTs), one as mixed germ cell sex cord‐stromal tumour (MGCSCST) and one as carcinoma. By immunohistochemistry, PLAP enabled confirmation of GCTs, ovarian carcinoma and the objective identification of a further cell component in 8 out of the 12 SCSTs that were reclassified as mixed tumours. The use of an immunohistochemical panel can help in refining the histological diagnosis, but the morphological diagnosis still represents the main tool for the characterization of these tumours in koi carp.