bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erbium-doped aluminophosphosilicate all-fiber laser operating at 1584 nm
Authors: Lord Marie-Pier , Talbot Lauris , Boily Olivier , Boilard Tommy , Gariépy Guillaume , Grelet Sacha , Paradis Pascal , Boulanger Vincent , Grégoire Nicolas , Morency Steeve , Messaddeq Younés , Bernier Martin 
Published: January 2020

We report on an ytterbium-free erbium-doped aluminophosphosilicate all-fiber laser, producing an output power of 25 W at a wavelength of 1584 nm with a slope efficiency of 30% with respect to the 976 nm absorbed pump power. The simple cavity design proposed takes advantage of fiber Bragg gratings written directly in the gain fiber. The single-mode erbium-doped aluminophosphosilicate fiber was fabricated in-house and was doped with 0.06 mol.% of Er2O3, 1.77 mol.% of Al2O3 and 1.04 mol.% of P2O5. The incorporation of aluminium and phosphorus into the fiber core allowed for an increased concentration of erbium without inducing significant clustering, while keeping the numerical aperture low to ensure a single-mode laser operation.
Experimental investigation on the temporal contrast of pre-pulses by post-pulses in a petawatt laser facility
Authors: Kiriyama Hiromitsu , Miyasaka Yasuhiro , Sagisaka Akito , Ogura Koichi , Nishiuchi Mamiko , Pirozhkov Alexander S. , Fukuda Yuji , Kando Masaki , Kondo Kiminori 
Published: January 2020

We experimentally explore the generation of pre-pulses by post-pulses, created through internal reflection in the optical components, by the nonlinear process associated with the B-integral in the laser chain of the petawatt (PW) facility J-KAREN-P. At a large time delay between the main and the post-pulses, we have found that the pre-pulses are not generated from their counterpart post-pulses at an identical time difference before the main pulse, and the temporal shapes of the pre-pulses are greatly distorted asymmetrically. We have also observed that the peak intensities of the pre-pulses are drastically suppressed compared to the expected value at a small time delay. We briefly describe the origins of the pre-pulses generated by the post-pulses and demonstrate the removal of the pre-pulses by switching to optical components with a small wedge angle at our PW laser facility.
Compact and ultrastable photonic microwave oscillator
Authors: Giunta Michele , Yu Jialiang , Lessing Maurice , Fischer Marc , Lezius Matthias , Xie Xiaopeng , Santarelli Giorgio , Le Coq Yann , Holzwarth Ronald 
Published: January 2020

Frequency comb synthesized microwaves have been so far realized with tabletop systems, operated in well-controlled environments. Here, we demonstrate state-of-the-art ultrastable microwave synthesis with a compact rack-mountable apparatus. We present absolute phase noise characterization of a 12 GHz signal using an ultrastable laser at

∼

194

T
H
z

and an Er:fiber comb divider, obtaining

−

83

d
B
c

/

H
z

at 1 Hz and

<
−

166

d
B
c

/

H
z

for offsets greater than 5 kHz. Employing semiconductor coating mirrors for the same type of transportable optical frequency reference, we show that

−

105

d
B
c

/

H
z

at 1 Hz is supported by demonstrating a residual noise limit of division and detection process of

−

115

d
B
c

/

H
z

at 1 Hz. This level of fidelity paves the way for the deployment of ultrastable photonic microwave oscillators and for operating transportable optical clocks.
Supercontinuum generation in orientation-patterned gallium phosphide
Authors: Rutkauskas Marius , Srivastava Anchit , Reid Derryck T. 
Published: January 2020

Supercontinuum generation from nanojoule femtosecond lasers is well known in photonic-crystal fibers, channel waveguides, and micro-resonators, in which strong confinement shapes their dispersion and provides sufficient intensity for self-phase modulation, four-wave mixing, and Raman scattering to cause substantial spectral broadening. Until now, supercontinuum generation in bulk media has not been observed at equivalent energies, but here we introduce a new mechanism combining second- and third-order nonlinearities to produce broadband visible light in orientation-patterned gallium phosphide. A supercontinuum from the blue/green to the red is produced from 32 nJ 1040 nm femtosecond pulses, and a nonlinear-envelope-equation model including

χ

(
2
)

and

χ

(
3
)

nonlinearities implies that high-order parametric gain pumped by the second-harmonic light of the laser and seeded by self-phase-modulated sidebands is responsible.
The Characteristics of Padamarang Magnesite under Calcination and Hydrothermal Treatment
Authors: Yuniati Mutia Dewi , Wawuru Feronika Cinthya Mawarni Putri , Mursito Anggoro Tri , Setiawan Iwan , Lintjewas Lediyantje 
Published: January 2020

Magnesite (MgCO3) is the main source for production of magnesium and its compound. In Indonesia, magnesite is quite rare and can be only found in limited amount in Padamarang Island, Southeast Sulawesi Provence. Thus the properties of magnesite and the reactivity degree of the obtained product are of technological importance. The aim of this work was to analyze the characteristics of Padamarang magnesite under calcination and hydrothermal treatment processes. The processes were carried out at various temperatures with range of 150-900°C for 30 minutes. The solids were characterized with respect to their chemical and physical properties by using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). SEM image indicates that magnesite was formed from thin and flat hexagon sheets. The FTIR and XRD analysis disclose that MgO formed at temperature above 300°C, where as the magnesite sample also lost its mass around 50%. These results demonstrate that Padamarang magnesite decomposes to magnesium oxide and carbon dioxide at high temperature.Magnesit (MgCO3) merupakan sumber utama untuk produksi magnesium dan senyawa-senyawanya. Di Indonesia, magnesit cukup jarang dan hanya dapat ditemukan dalam jumlah yang terbatas di Pulau Padamarang, Propinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Oleh karena itu sifat magnesit dan derajat reaktivitas dari produk-produk magnesit penting untuk diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik magnesit Padamarang dengan perlakuan kalsinasi dan hidrothermal. Proses dilakukan pada temperatur yang bervariasi dari 150-900°C selama 30 menit. Sifat kimia dan fisika dari magnesit dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan scanning electron microscopy dengan energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dan X-ray diffraction (XRD). Gambar dari analisis SEM menunjukkan bahwa magnesit terbentuk dari lembaran-lembaran heksagonal yang tipis dan datar. Hasil analisis dengan FTIR dan XRD menunjukkan bahwa MgO terbentuk pada temperatur diatas 300°C, dimana sampel magnesit juga kehilangan massanya sekitar 50% pada suhu tersebut. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Magnesit Padamarang terdekomposisi menjadi magnesium oksida dan karbon dioksida pada temperatur tinggi.
Modos de viver, partilhar e construir experiências na Pedagogia Griô
Authors: Pereira Luciana de Araújo , Mota Charles Maycon deAlmeida , Silva Fabrício Oliveira da 
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho aborda a oralidade como princípio educativo da Pedagogia Griô a partir das memórias da comunidade quilombola Remanso/BA. Tem como objetivo central analisar, nas narrativas dos protagonistas da Trilha Griô do Quilombo, à luz das práticas e eventos de letramento, a importância da tradição oral para a manutenção da memória coletiva e da identidade do grupo. Memória, identidade e tradição oral de ensinamentos emergem como categorias principais que dão contorno às discussões sobre a Pedagogia Griô. É um estudo que se fundamenta nos princípios da pesquisa qualitativa por revelar modos de viver, partilhar, narrar e construir sentidos para as experiências vividas e memoralizadas por uma comunidade. Nesta seara, as entrevistas foram elementos fundantes para que se pudesse revelar saberes e práticas orais como forma de ensinamentos entre sujeitos de diferentes gerações. Entre alguns resultados, o trabalho permitiu concluir que ouvir os mais velhos e reconhecê-los como fonte de memória é cuidar da própria história da comunidade. É uma forma de usar a oralidade para valorizar aqueles que formaram este povo que tem orgulho de suas conquistas, e que por este feito constroem uma Pedagogia Griô, que tem na oralidade seu fundamento basilar. Conclui-se, ainda, que a escola é o lócus principal para se adquirir conhecimento na comunidade, mas para isso ela não deve se distanciar da cultura local, das suas tradições, da maneira da comunidade pensar e de suas práticas, uma vez que, tradição cultural ainda resiste no cotidiano destas populações.
Affordances da formação de professores de línguas na era digital
Authors: Finardi Kyria Rebeca , Hildeblando Junior Carlos Alberto , Guimarães Felipe Furtado 
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é refletir sobre affordances na formação de professores de línguas adicionais (L2) na era digital. Com esse objetivo, algumas intervenções pedagógicas foram realizadas na disciplina de “Estágio Supervisionado” do curso de Licenciatura em Letras Inglês de uma universidade federal do Sudeste brasileiro, a fim de ilustrar e embasar essa reflexão por meio de dados empíricos das percepções de professores de inglês em formação. O arcabouço teórico se baseia na noção de affordance em relação aos efeitos da globalização com suas tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs) na formação de professores de L2 na era digital, com a ampliação da interculturalidade por meio de abordagens híbridas como a CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), COIL (Collaborative Online International Learning) e Intercompreensão. Os dados foram gerados por meio de observação participante e entrevistas com os professores formadores e em formação, e incluem: 1) discussões de textos sobre ensino de idiomas, interculturalidade e uso de tecnologias na educação; 2) reuniões virtuais em formato COIL, com professores em formação, matriculados na disciplina de estágio supervisionado na universidade no Brasil e na Universidade Alberto Hurtado, no Chile; 3) sessões de reflexão; e 4) entrevistas com os participantes. A análise sugere que as TICs e abordagens como a CLIL, COIL e Intercompreensão propiciam affordances para uma prática mais inclusiva (alcançando pessoas desfavorecidas financeiramente por meio da internet); multilíngue (por meio da inclusão de outras línguas além do inglês); e intercultural, permitindo contato e aprendizado entre culturas e línguas diferentes.
Potencialidades da ferramenta Google My Maps para o ensino de geografia em Portugal
Authors: Martins Junior Luiz , Martins Rosa Elisabete Militz Wypyczynski , Frozza Marcia Vidal Candido 
Published: January 2020

Esse artigo é um desdobramento de uma pesquisa de doutorado sobre a temática tecnologias digitais, concentrada na utilização da ferramenta Google My Maps no ensino de Geografia que se efetivou em uma prática que teve como foco a construção de mapas sobre a cartografia de Portugal, concebida numa perspectiva de investigação qualitativa de natureza colaborativa, envolvendo vinte e oitos estudantes do ensino secundário de uma escola pública de Carcavelos – Portugal, em 2018. Em linhas gerais, a organização desta prática indicou que esta ferramenta tem um bom potencial didático e apresenta versatilidade de uso para desenvolver as noções principais da cartografia escolar e conteúdos sobre a Geografia de Portugal. Ademais, ficou evidenciada a importância do uso das tecnologias no contexto escolar que potencializa o uso de novas linguagens e abordagens para ensinar e aprender Geografia.
cultura visual e a técnica em imagens produzidas por estudantes de cursos de licenciatura
Authors: Gouvêa Guaracira 
Published: January 2020

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que tinha como objetivo problematizar como estudantes dos cursos de licenciatura de uma IFES (Instituição Federal de Ensino Superior) representam a técnica e a tecnologia, constitutivas da cultura visual, em imagens por eles produzidas. Organizou-se oficinas de produção de imagens. Abordou-se os seguintes conceitos: cultura visual; imagem; técnica e tecnologia. Participaram das oficinas 105 estudantes (52 duplas), que produziram 65 fotografias a partir da escolha de fenômenos no entorno da universidade. Quando as duplas voltavam, respondiam às questões: fenômeno escolhido (justificar a escolha); tem técnica nessa imagem? (justificar resposta); tem tecnologia nessa imagem? (justificar a resposta). Depois projetou-se as fotos e discutiu-se os conceitos de cultura visual, técnica e tecnologia. A análise das respostas escritas dos estudantes indicou que ao escolherem e justificarem os fenômenos eram detentores de uma cultura visual “pautada na visualidade, pela tendência de figurar ou visualizar a existência”. A maioria dos estudantes compreendeu a técnica como meio para se obter um fim, confundiu a tecnologia com o aparato técnico, e não criticou a técnica nem a tecnologia. Todos os estudantes demonstraram ter familiaridade com o artefato “técnico celular”, mas não criticaram esse uso. Os artefatos contemporâneos, particularmente o celular, estão tão inseridos no cotidiano, que se torna difícil estranhá-los, pois há um sistema simbólico, fundamentado na racionalidade técnica, tão arraigado em ações cotidianas, que é difícil estranhar o familiar. Por isso não se problematiza a técnica e nem a tecnologia, ambas produtoras da cultura visual.
Seele und Seelsorge. Eine emergenztheoretische Reformulierung des Seelenbegriffs
Authors: Eichener Elis 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The term »soul« is widely criticized, particularly due to its legacy of substance dualism. Nonetheless, Pastoral Care (in German: Seelsorge = »care of souls«) cannot abandon the notion of soul. However, the resulting problems can be solved by recent approaches in the philosophy of mind. A concept of soul beyond dualism is possible. This article will apply emergentism to leave behind substance thinking and to define a holistic term of soul. Pastoral Care will be specified as a »care of souls« in both anthropological and theological respect.
Minocycline attenuates experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats
Authors: Li Jingbo , Chen Shuda , Fan Jing , Zhang Gao , Ren Reng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroudThe aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of minocycline on treating experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in rats and to explore its possible molecular mechanism.MethodsSAH was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by endovascular perforation. The rats were treated with minocycline (25 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg) or saline at 2 hand 12 h post SAH. Neurological function, cerebral hemorrhage, and edema were scored at 48 h post SAH. Cell death and P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) expression were observed in the prefrontal cortex (PFC).ResultsTreatment with a highdose of minocycline significantly improved the neurological function score, and attenuated cerebral hemorrhage and edema. Low-dose minocycline could reduce hemorrhage, but the effect on neurological deficits and brain edema was not obvious. Minocycline treatment could alleviate neuronal apoptosis in the PFC, which was related to reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines. Immunofluorescence showed that P2X4R on microglia was activated after SAH. Minocycline treatment inhibited P2X4R activation and further suppressed the phosphorylation of downstream p38 MAPK.ConclusionsMinocycline plays a neuroprotective role by attenuating early brain injury after experimental SAH. The therapeutic mechanism of minocycline may be mediated by the inhibition of P2X4R on microglia.
RHOA and mDia1 promotes apoptosis of breast cancer cells via a high dose of doxorubicin treatment
Authors: Bober Peter , Alexovič Michal , Tomková Zuzana , Kilík Róbert , Sabo Ján 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundTransforming RhoA proteins (RHOA) and their downstream Diaphanous homolog 1 proteins (DIAPH1) or mDia1 participate in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton which plays critical role in cells, i.e., morphologic changes and apoptosis.MethodologyTo determine the cell viability the real time cell analysis (RTCA) and flow cytometry were used. To perform proteomic analysis, the label-free quantitative method and post-translation modification by the nano-HPLC and ESI-MS ion trap mass analyser were used.ResultsThe results of the cell viability showed an increase of dead cells (around 30 %) in MCF-7/DOX-1 (i.e., 1μM of doxorubicin was added to MCF-7/WT breast cancer cell line) compared to MCF-7/WT (control) after 24 h doxorubicin (DOX) treatment. The signalling pathway of the Regulation of actin cytoskeleton (p<0.0026) was determined, where RHOA and mDia1 proteins were up-regulated. Also, post-translational modification analysis of these proteins in MCF-7/DOX-1 cells revealed dysregulation of the actin cytoskeleton, specifically the collapse of actin stress fibbers due to phosphorylation of RHOA at serine 188 and mDia1 at serine 22, resulting in their deactivation and cell apoptosis.ConclusionThese results pointed to an assumed role of DOX to dysregulation of actin cytoskeleton and cell death.
An international multi-center serum protein electrophoresis accuracy and M-protein isotyping study. Part I: factors impacting limit of quantitation of serum protein electrophoresis
Authors: Turner Katherine A. , Frinack Jody L. , Ettore Michael W. , Tate Jillian R. , Graziani Maria Stella , Jacobs Joannes F.M. , Booth Ronald A. , McCudden Christopher R. , Keren David F. , Delgado Julio C. , Zemtsovskaja Galina , Fullinfaw Robert O. , Caldini Anna , de Malmanche Theo , Katakouzinos Katina , Burke Matthew , Palladini Giovanni , Altinier Sara , Zaninotto Martina , Righetti Gabriella , Melki Marie Therese , Bell Stephen , Willrich Maria Alice Vieira 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) is used to quantify the serum monoclonal component or M-protein, for diagnosis and monitoring of monoclonal gammopathies. Significant imprecision and inaccuracy pose challenges in reporting small M-proteins. Using therapeutic monoclonal antibody-spiked sera and a pooled beta-migrating M-protein, we aimed to assess SPEP limitations and variability across 16 laboratories in three continents.

Methods
Sera with normal, hypo- or hypergammaglobulinemia were spiked with daratumumab, Dara (cathodal migrating), or elotuzumab, Elo (central-gamma migrating), with concentrations from 0.125 to 10 g/L (n = 62) along with a beta-migrating sample (n = 9). Provided with total protein (reverse biuret, Siemens), laboratories blindly analyzed samples according to their SPEP and immunofixation (IFE) or immunosubtraction (ISUB) standard operating procedures. Sixteen laboratories reported the perpendicular drop (PD) method of gating the M-protein, while 10 used tangent skimming (TS). A mean percent recovery range of 80%–120% was set as acceptable. The inter-laboratory %CV was calculated.

Results
Gamma globulin background, migration pattern and concentration all affect the precision and accuracy of quantifying M-proteins by SPEP. As the background increases, imprecision increases and accuracy decreases leading to overestimation of M-protein quantitation especially evident in hypergamma samples, and more prominent with PD. Cathodal migrating M-proteins were associated with less imprecision and higher accuracy compared to central-gamma migrating M-proteins, which is attributed to the increased gamma background contribution in M-proteins migrating in the middle of the gamma fraction. There is greater imprecision and loss of accuracy at lower M-protein concentrations.

Conclusions
This study suggests that quantifying exceedingly low concentrations of M-proteins, although possible, may not yield adequate accuracy and precision between laboratories.
The Effectiveness of Reinforcement and Processing on Mechanical Properties, Wear Behavior and Damping Response of Aluminum Matrix Composites
Authors: Rozhbiany Fakhir Aziz Rasul , Jalal Shawnim Rashied 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Metal matrix composites are an essential product used in engineering materials. This product has wide applications in automotive, aerospace, and other uses because of their lower density, good specific strength, best machinability, and better mechanical properties compared to Al 6063 alloy. In this paper, four different reinforced such as (MA), (MCA), (NFC) and (SA) with a constant rate of 5 wt.% for each reinforced element used and mixed with Al 6063 alloy as a metal matrix composite by using modified two-step mechanical stirrer and having three blades at each step. Coated carbide tool insert was carrying out the turning process. Surface roughness measured after turning of every change in cutting speed. Average chip length and its shape style formation performed within cutting speeds of 10 and 90 m/min, which appears in different length and shapes. Mechanical properties, damping characteristics, and wear loss improved dramatically by adding all reinforced composites to the base Al 6063 alloys. As the results of experiments, the surface roughness decreased by adding all four types of reinforcements. The mechanical properties, wear loss and damping characteristics improved by the constituents of all kinds of reinforcements and also by mixing of all types of constituents together. The effects of MA and NFC are more compared to MCA and SA for improving all conditions of experimental results. Microstructure observation produces compact grain boundaries with strong grains of metal matrix composites compared to Al 6063 alloys.
Microwave-Assisted Extraction and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Grape Pomace
Authors: da Rocha Cassiano Brown , Noreña Caciano Pelayo Zapata 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe grape pomace is a by-product from the industrial processing of grape juice, which can be used as a source of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to separate the phenolic compounds from grape pomace using an acidic aqueous solution with 2 % citric acid as a solvent, using both ultrasound-assisted extraction, with powers of 250, 350 and 450 W and times of 5, 10 and 15 min, and microwave-assisted extraction using powers of 600, 800 and 1,000 W and times of 5, 7 and 10 min. The results showed that for both methods of extraction, the contents of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity by ABTS and DPPH increased with time, and microwave at 1,000 W for 10 min corresponded to the best extraction condition. However, the contents of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were lower than exhaustive extraction using acidified methanol solution.