bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and CT features of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 cases after two sequential negative nucleic acid testing results: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Rong Yan , Wang Jing , Tian Jinfei , Liang Xinhua , Zhou Yang , Li Xiaoli , Zhang Dandan , Liu Jing , Zeng Huadong , Shi Yi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Numerous studies have been focused on the clinical and imaging features among COVID-19 patients positive for SARS-CoV-2, but the data after negative is limited. We aims to describe these features after negative respiratory nucleic acid testing results.Methods From January 31 to February 28, 2020, 51 mild-to-moderate COVID-19 cases (median: 34.0 years and 47.1% male) were retrospectively enrolled. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and CT imaging data were collected before and after two sequential negative results for respiratory SARS-CoV-2 .Results After negative for respiratory SARS-CoV-2, the clinical symptoms continued to recover and the abnormal imaging were observed for all of the moderate cases. 77.4% of the moderate patients had multi-lobar involvement and lesions were more frequent in the lower lobes. The most common CT imaging manifestations were ground glass opacity (51.6%) and fibrous stripes (54.8%%). Among 12 out of 31 moderate patients with repeated chest CT scan after negative for SARS-CoV-2, 7 patients (58.3%) with ground-glass absorption reduced over 60% within one week, but there were still 4 cases (13.8%) with absorption less than 5%.Conclusions The clinical symptoms and abnormal imaging persisted but continued to recover after negative for respiratory SARS-CoV-2.
CAEV- Deep Learning-Based Hybrid Model for the Behavior Prediction of Surrounding Vehicles Over Long-time Periods
Authors: Cai Yingfeng , Tai Kangsheng , Wang Hai , Chen Xiaobo , Liu Qingchao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Autonomous vehicles need to have the ability to predict the future behavior of surrounding vehicles, which helps with proper trajectory planning and tracking. Many behavior prediction methods have limited application because they have a very limited prediction horizon. This paper proposes a deep learning-based hybrid model for behavior prediction over long-time periods, including maneuver recognition and a behavior prediction module. In the previous module, the CNN extracts the social characteristics of the target vehicle and LSTM outputs the maneuver probability vector and forms a contextual feature vector with the social features. In the lateral module, LSTM and Attention are based on the contextual feature vector to capture multi-time step information in the behavior time window to complete the prediction of the target vehicle behavior. Real-car collection and open-source vehicle trajectory datasets were used for training and testing. The results show that the proposed algorithm could predict vehicle behavior with an accuracy of 89.73% and an average prediction time of 2.032 s, which has a high engineering application value.
Analysis of moderate and severe cases of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) versus influenza A (H1N1)
Authors: Hou Weishun , Sheng Haoyu , Liang Manman , Wang zijian , Xu Xiuliang , Cheng Yusheng , Liu Fang , Zhang Aiping , Quan Bin , Zhou Yunfeng , Yang Jianghua 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background To analyse the clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, and imaging findings of severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) versus severe cases of influenza A (H1N1).Methods We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of moderate and severe COVID-19 and H1N1 cases between January 23 and February 23, 2020.Results A total of 33 COVID-19 cases had a clear history of exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with an incubation period of 11.12 ± 7.47 days. A total of 29 H1N1 cases were included in this study. Most cases were sporadic, with an incubation period of 3.67 ± 0.82 days (P = 0.002). The age at onset was 19.79 ± 23.88 years for H1N1 and 43.48 ± 17.82 years for COVID-19 (P < 0.001). For H1N1, common clinical symptoms were high fever and myalgia. The time of disease progression from moderate to severe was 13.60 ± 5.64 days for COVID-19 and 5.25 ± 2.36 days for H1N1 (P = 0.035). Laboratory tests showed that white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils (N), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CPR), and procalcitonin (PCT) were significantly higher in severe H1N1 cases than in severe COVID-19 cases. D-dimer (DD) was 1.43 ± 1.19 µg/mL in the COVID-19 group, which was higher than that in the H1N1 group (0.88 ± 0.32 µg/mL, P = 0.013). High-resolution computed tomography (CT) showed severe COVID-19 cases presented mainly interstitial involvement, shown by large ground-glass opacities, whereas severe H1N1 cases presented both interstitial and parenchymal involvement, especially parenchymal involvement. All the COVID-19 patients survived to discharge, and one H1N1 patient died.Conclusion Compared with H1N1 patients, COVID-19 patients had a clear history of exposure to SARS-CoV-2, were older, presented milder clinical symptoms and a slower progression, and rarely had bacterial infections. Most H1N1 patients had sporadic H1N1 with an acute onset, high fever, and rapid progression; secondary bacterial infection was an important cause of disease aggravation.
Pathogenic characteristics of sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from patients with lower respiratory tract infection
Authors: Peng Zheng , Zhou Jin’an , tian lei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Lower respiratory tract infections（LRIs）were a very common disease, no matter in community acquired infection or hospital acquired infection. Sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were the most important specimens of LRIs. The choice of antibiotics for the treatment of LRIs usually depended on the results of antimicrobial sensitivity of bacteria isolated from sputum and BALF. However, it was rarely reported to compare the pathogens isolated from sputum and BALF and the difference of antimicrobial sensitivity.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the differences between sputum and BALF samples in pathogen isolation and antimicrobial sensitivity in our hospital. Results: In our hospital during 2013-2015 year, the quality evaluation of sputum samples was not conducted before sputum culture, but in 2016-2018 year, the quality evaluation of sputum samples was conducted firstly and only qualified sputum samples were cultured. The results of pathogen culture showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae were the top five pathogens isolated from sputum and BALF. Antimicrobial susceptibility test showed for these five pathogens the susceptibility rates of BALF isolates to most antibiotics were higher than those isolated from sputum. The sensitivity of A. baumannii to common antibiotics was less than 50%. In particular, the detection rate of carbapenem resistant A. baumannii (CR-ABA) in sputum and BALF was higher than 80%. The sensitivity of P. aeruginosa to antibiotics other than ticarcillin/clavulanic acid and minocycline were higher than 50%. The detection rate of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-KPN) was 10% - 20% in 2013-2015 and 30% - 50% in 2016-2018. The detection rate of MRSA in sputum was higher than 80%, while that in BALF was 65% - 70%. The separation rate of beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae (BLNAR) was between 0-6%.Conclusions: The sensitivity of strains isolated from BALF to commonly used antibiotics was generally higher than that from sputum. MRSA, CR-KPN and A. baumannii were the focus of infection control for LRIs.
Enhancing early breast milk for sick and preterm neonates admitted at regional referral hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Hyera Regina , Assenga Evelyne , Kazimoto Theodore , Leyna Germana , Mchomvu Francis , Zuechner Antke 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Feeding is a cornerstone in the management of sick or preterm neonates and early initiation of breastfeeding is the single most effective intervention associated with reduced neonatal mortality. However, enteral feeding is often delayed due to haemodynamic instability and the perceived risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Alternative routes for early breast milk administration are either oropharyngeal colostrum or minimal enteral nutrition. One strategy to overcome delays in enteral feeds is the implementation of standardized feeding guidelines.Methods: This study was conducted in three regional hospitals in Dar es Salaam, consisting of a historical control group at baseline and an intervention group after implementation of locally developed feeding guidelines. Neonates were consecutively recruited and followed to a maximum of 28 days of life. The controls received routine standard care, while the intervention group received early enteral feeding. The outcomes measured were NEC, time to regain birth weight and neonatal mortality. Odds ratio was used to determine the association between feeding and outcomes, statistical significance was considered when p-value ≤0.05.Results: 292 neonates were enrolled in this study, 163 (55.8%) controls at baseline and 129 (44.2%) after the intervention. Study participants comprised of 130 (44.5%) neonates with very low birth weight and 162 (55.5%) with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. The mean age of initiating feeding was 45.34 ± 21.58 SD hours amongst the controls and 8.43 ± 3.02 SD hours in the intervention group. Overall, 1.4% (4 cases) of the neonates were diagnosed with NEC, 1.8% (3 cases) in the control group and 0.8 % (1 case) in the intervention group (P=0.4; 95% CI: 0.25-23.3). The mean duration of regaining birth weight was significantly reduced from 11.26 ± 4.34 SD days among controls to 8.25 ± 2.96 SD days in the intervention group (p=0.000; 95% CI: 1.61 - 4.41). Mortality in this high-risk groups of neonates remained high (40.8%), without significant difference between the control (41.7%) and intervention group (39.5%). Conclusions: Neonates who received early breast milk feeding following the implementation of feeding guidelines significantly regained birth weight earlier. No association was demonstrated between early breast milk feeding and increased NEC or mortality.
Phenylpropanoid metabolism and pigmentation show divergent patterns between brown color and green color cottons as revealed by metabolic and gene expression analyses
Authors: Li Zhonghua , Su Qian , Xu Mingqi , You Jiaqi , Khan Anam Qadir , Li Junyi , Zhang Xianlong , Tu Lili , You Chunyuan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Naturally colored cotton has become increasingly popular because of their natural properties of color, UV protection, flame retardant, antibacterial activity and anti-mildew. But poor fiber quality and restricted color choices are two key issues that have limited the cultivation of naturally colored cottons. To identify the possible pathways participating in fiber pigmentation in naturally colored cottons, three differently colored cotton (with green, brown and white colored fiber) were chosen for a comprehensive analysis of phenylpropanoid metabolism during fiber development.
Results
The expression levels of flavonoid biosynthesis pathway genes in brown cotton fibers were significantly higher than in white or green cotton fibers. Total flavonoids and proanthocyanidin (PA) were high in brown cotton fibers but low in white and green cotton fibers, which suggested that flavonoid biosynthesis pathway might not participate in the pigmentation of green cotton fibers. Further expression analysis found that genes encoding enzymes for the synthesis of caffeic acid derivatives, lignin and lignan were activated in 10 DPA (days post-anthesis) and 15 DPA fibers of green cotton.
Conclusions
Our results strengthen understanding of phenylpropanoid metabolism and pigmentation in different colored cottons, and may provide strategies for improving green color and brown color cottons.
Using hemodynamic parameters quantified with computational fluid dynamics to explore potential mechanisms of occurrence and progression in Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Xie Jian , Cheng Zaiheng , Gu LiHua , Wu Bokai , Zhang Gao-jia , Shiu Wen-Shin , Chen Rongliang , Wang Zan , Liu Chang , Cai Xiao-chuan , Wang Li-Ping , Liu Jia , Zhang Zhijun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: It has gradually recognized that the patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have cerebral hemodynamic disorders. The purpose of the present study was to exploit a novel computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, which could be used to measure intracranial hemodynamics quantitively in AD patients and to further explore how the hemodynamic changes are involved in progression of AD.Methods: A novel CFD model was constructed by personal magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), vessel ultrasound and blood pressure value of all subjects, of whom included AD patients, vascular dementia (VaD) patients and well-matched healthy controls (HCs). Demographic, clinical and imaging data of all subjects were recorded and analyzed. Quantitative total cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) were compared among three groups, in order to ascertain the potential hemodynamic disorders in AD patients.Results: Total CBF and CVR of AD patients were significantly different from those of HCs (both P<0.01), but not different from patients with VaD (both P>0.5), despite the cerebral arteries in AD patients were anatomically intact. Total CBF was negatively correlated with total CVR (rs=-0.822, P<0.001) in AD patients. Comparing with HCs, Elevated CVR (OR=2.25, P=0.004) and age ( OR=2.06, P=0.021) were independent risk factor of AD.Conclusions: CFD can be applied to non-invasively and conveniently quantify and visualize biomechanical changes of cerebral blood flow. Patients with AD have dysfunction of cerebral hemodynamic, including lower CBF and higher CVR, and the CVR was an independent risk factor of AD. These findings provide quantitative evidence to support that increase of cerebrovascular resistance may involve in development of AD.
Accessory spleen misdiagnosed as left adrenal tumor causing complications
Authors: shi ke , Fu Ming-shi , Sun Hui , Chen Feng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A 58-year-old female patient came to our hospital for physical examination. CT scan: a round, well-defined and isoechoic nodule has been found in the left adrenal with a clear boundary and scaled about 2.0cm × 1.7 cm. She underwent laparoscopic resection, sequentially occurred complications of the pancreas and renal impairment. Discussion: In general, the accessory spleen is asymptomatic and most were found by ultrasonography in physical examination. Usually, accessory spleen located in the helium or inferior pole of the spleen, rarely in the superior pole or other organs like adrenal. Clinically, it can be misdiagnosed or even caused complications in some serious cases.
The Prevalence of Occupational Stress among Iranian Midwives: a Systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Rezaei Hayedeh , Parizad Naser , Gheshlagh Reza Ghanei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Occupational stress in midwifery is one of the undesirable factors that can lead to job burnout and even job loss, and affect the quality of treatment and care for patients. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of occupational stress among Iranian midwives.Methods Through searching national and international databases, including Scientific Information Database (SID), MagIran, Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus, a total of 9 observational studies with full texts were extracted. The meta-analysis was conducted using the random effects model, and the I2 index was used to assess heterogeneity between studies. The analyses were performed using Stata software, version 11.Results An analysis of 11 articles showed that the pooled prevalence of occupational stress in Iranian midwives was 70.85% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 58.42–83.29). Also, meta-regression analysis showed that the prevalence of occupational stress was not related to mean age (p = 0.653), work experience (p = 0.863), articles’ publication year (p = 0.158), and sample size (p = 0.292).Conclusion Occupational stress among Iranian midwives has a high prevalence that can have harmful consequences for them and patients. Therefore, the training of stress coping strategies seems to be appropriate for this group.
Awareness and Attitude to the Risk of Cervical Cancer and Screening Methods among Women in the Najran Region of Southern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshahrani Majed , Sultan Salem Ali Alatef 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction:The aim of this study was determined the level of awareness among women regarding risk factors for cervical cancer and screening methods, their sources of information, and general attitudes toward Pap smear screening tests and human papilloma virus vaccination.Method: A cross-sectional interviewer administered an electronic questionnaire among women in Najran City during the period from March 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.Result: A total of 3,387 women participated in this study. Less than 10% of the participants had good awareness and 70% had poor awareness about the risk factors for cervical cancer. In terms of the major barriers to taking the Pap smear test among married women, 968 (56.7%) had no knowledge of the test and 338 (19.85%) considered it unnecessary. Significant predictors of the level of awareness about cervical cancer and Pap smear testing were identified as the age of women, occupation, family history of cancer, monthly income (P < 0.001) and education level (P = 0.003).Conclusion: we detected a lack of awareness about risk factors for cervical cancer and the benefits of early detection among women in this region. Healthcare providers should implement policies or programs for cervical cancer screening and vaccination throughout all primary healthcare centers.
Information dissemination model based on multi-dimensional node influence in social networks
Authors: Wu Haiming , Wang Ruigang , Jia Lixia , Feng Likui , Zhou Xu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Social network has gradually become the mainstream way for people to obtain and interact with information. The study on the law of information dissemination in social networks is of great significance to enterprise marketing, public opinion control and social recommendation. This paper puts forward a method that use multi-dimensional node influence and epidemic model to illustrate the causes and rules of information dissemination in social networks. Firstly, based on the multiple linear regression model, a measurement method of node influence is proposed from three dimensions: topology, user interaction behavior and information content. Then, taking the node influence as the cause of state transition, the information dissemination model based on the epidemic model is constructed, and the multidimensional factors affecting the information dissemination are analyzed. Meanwhile, the information dissemination trend in social networks is described.
Mucosa-associated Cultivable Aerobic Gut Bacterial Microbiota among Colorectal Cancer Patients Attending at the Referral Hospitals of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Siraj Yesuf Adem , Byadgelegn Melese Gebeyehu , Yassin Mensur Osman , Chekol Yohannes Zenebe 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the top ten cancer death in the world. Despite an increased prevalence of colorectal cancer has been documented from developing countries, reports on gut microbiota among colorectal cancer patients are none especially in Ethiopia. Therefore, the current study evaluated cultivable aerobic bacterial distributions among malignant tissue of colorectal cancer and its adjacent normal biopsies. Methods: Fifteen CRC patients who were undergoing colorectal cancer resection surgery during April 2017 to February 2018 at Felege Hiwot Referral and University of Gondar Teaching Hospitals were included. Biopsy specimens were taken from malignant and its adjacent normal tissues. Bacterial cultivation, quantification and characterization of saline washed biopsies were performed under aerobic and candle jar conditions. Differences in bacterial microbiota compositions between malignant and normal tissue biopsies were evaluated and analyzed using Microsoft excel 2010 and GraphPad Prism5 statistical software. Results: Fifteen CRC patients were participated with a mean age of 53.8 ± 10.8 years old and majorities (73.3%) of patients were in between the age groups of 40 and 60 years old. The mean ± SD bacterial microbiota of malignant biopsies (3.2x10 5 ± 1.6x10 5 CFU/ml) was significantly fewer than that of adjacent normal tissue biopsies (4.0x10 5 ± 2.2x10 5 CFU/ml). This dysbacteriosis is positively correlated with the occurrence of CRC (p=0.019). Proteobacteria (55.6%), Firmicutes (33.3%) and Fusobacteria (11.1%) were the most frequently isolated phyla from non-malignant biopsies while only Proteobacteria (58.8%) and Firmicutes (41.2%) were from malignant ones. Family level differences were observed among phyla (Firmicutes and Proteobacteria) isolated from the study participants. For instance, the relative abundance of family Bacillaceae from malignant (26%) was lower than the normal biopsies (39%). On other hand, family Enterobacteriaceae was twice more abundant in malignant tissues (45%) than in its matched normal tissues (23%). Furthermore, the family Enterococcaceae (14%) of family Firmicutes was solely isolated from malignant tissue biopsies. Conclusion: The overall microbial composition of normal and malignant tissues was considerably different among the study participants. Further culture independent analysis of mucosal microbiota will provide detail pictures of microbial composition differences and pathogenesis of CRC in Ethiopian settings.
A modular framework for the development of targeted Covid-19 blood transcript profiling panels
Authors: Rinchai Darawan , Kabeer Basirudeen , Toufiq Mohammed , Tatari-Calderone Zohreh , Deola Sara , Brummaier Tobias , Garand Mathieu , Branco Ricardo , Baldwin Nicole , Alfaki Mohamed , Altman Matthew , Ballestrero Alberto , Bassetti Matteo , Zoppoli Gabriele , De Maria Andrea , Tang Benjamin , Bedognetti Davide , Chaussabel Damien 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Covid-19 morbidity and mortality are associated with a dysregulated immune response. Tools are needed to enhance existing immune profiling capabilities in affected patients. Here we aimed to develop an approach to support the design of focused blood transcriptome panels for profiling the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: We designed a pool of candidates based on a pre-existing and well-characterized repertoire of blood transcriptional modules. Available Covid-19 blood transcriptome data was also used to guide this process. Further selection steps relied on expert curation. Additionally, we developed several custom web applications to support the evaluation of candidates. Results: As a proof of principle, we designed three targeted blood transcript panels, each with a different translational connotation: immunological relevance, therapeutic development relevance and SARS biology relevance. Conclusion: Altogether the work presented here may contribute to the future expansion of immune profiling capabilities via targeted profiling of blood transcript abundance in Covid-19 patients.