bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Comparative Efficacies of Intravenous Administration And Intra-Articular Injection of Tranexamic Acid During Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction For Reducing Postoperative Hemarthrosis: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Ma Rui , Wu Mengjun , Li Yongwei , Wang Jialin , Wang Wei , Yang Pei , wang kunzheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Hemarthrosis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction can create many adverse joint effects. Tranexamic acid (TXA) can be used to minimize hemarthrosis and associated pain after ACL reconstruction. We aimed to compare the efficacies of intravenous (IV) administration and intra-articular (IA) injection of TXA during ACL reconstruction for reducing postoperative hemarthrosis.Methods: A total of 120 patients who underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction were included in this prospective and randomized study. All patients were randomized into three groups: IV group, IA group and placebo group. Patients in the IV group received intravenously administered TXA (15 mg/kg in 100 mL of saline solution) 10 minutes before tourniquet release; patients in the IA group received intra-articular TXA (15 mg/kg in 100 mL of saline solution) injected via the drainage tube; and patients in the placebo group received an equivalent volume of normal saline administered into the knee joint cavity and intravenously. Drainage tubes were removed 24 hours after surgery, and all enrolled patients experienced a 4-week follow-up period. The drain output volume, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, patellar circumference, hemarthrosis grade and Lysholm score of all patients were recorded.Results: Both the IV group and the IA group had significantly lower drain output volumes at day 1, lower VAS scores at weeks 1 and 2, smaller patellar circumferences at weeks 1 and 2, and lower hemarthrosis grades at weeks 1 and 2 than the placebo group. There were no significant differences in drain output volume, VAS score, patellar circumference or hemarthrosis grade between the IV group and the IA group at any time point. No obvious differences in Lysholm score were observed between any pair of groups at week 4. Neither infection nor deep vein thrombosis occurred in any group.Conclusions: Both intravenous administration and intra-articular injection can reduce intra-articular hemarthrosis, joint pain and swelling. No significant difference in the efficacies of reducing hemarthrosis, joint pain and swelling was found between intravenous administration and intra-articular injection.Trial registration: The study was registered by the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (The comparative efficacies of intravenous administration and intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; ChiCTR-INR-17012217; August 1, 2017)
A Conceptual Model of Nurses’ Workplace Social Capital: A Theory Synthesis
Authors: Xu Jiamin , STARK Azadeh T 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Research has confirmed the importance of workplace social capital in the nursing workforce. It is necessary to integrate the mounting empirical evidences about nurses’ workplace social capital into a scientific collection to provide a comprehensive presentation of this concept which can be a conduit for furthering research and advancing the practice of nursing management and leadership. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to discuss the process of developing a conceptual model of nurses’ workplace social capital, an effective and concise approach to illustrate a scientific phenomenon.Methods: The model of nurses’ workplace social capital was developed following Walker and Avant’s strategy of theory synthesis. Empirical evidence relevant to nurses’ workplace social capital was synthesized by systematically examining the existing literature. PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched periodically from October 2017 to July 2020. Results: Our proposed conceptual model lays out the determinants and outcomes of nurses’ workplace social capital and specifies the relational statements among these concepts. Nurses’ workplace social capital is influenced by the organizational and individual determinants shaped by multiple layers of sub-concepts. The development and implementation of nurses’ workplace social capital has three themes of consequences: 1) nurses’ outcomes; 2) patients’ outcomes; and 3) organizational outcomes. All the concepts and statements have been organized and aligned with the principles of “inventory of determinants or results” and “theoretical blocks”.Conclusion: Our theoretical synthesis offers a comprehensive picture of the current knowledge of nurses’ workplace social capital. Efforts should be dedicated to evaluating, revising, and revamping this newly developed model based on future empirical evidences. Our synthesized conceptual model is the segue to more comprehensive studies about nurses’ workplace social capital. Interventional programs for the development of social capital can be structured based on the identified determinants.
Stigma Towards Wuhan People During the COVID-19 Epidemic: An Exploratory Study Based on Social Media
Authors: Di Yazheng , Li Ang , Li He , Wu Peijing , Yang Simin , Zhu Meng , Zhu Tingshao , Liu Xiaoqian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Stigma associated with infectious diseases is common and causes various negative effects on stigmatized people. With Wuhan as the center of the COVID-19 outbreak in China, its people have become an object of stigmatization. To provide necessary information for stigma mitigation, this study aims to identify the stigmatizing attitudes towards Wuhan people and trace their changes as the COVID-19 progressed in China by analyzing related posts on social media.Methods: We collected a total of 19,780 Weibo posts containing the keyword ‘Wuhan people’ and performed a content analysis to identify stigmatizing attitudes in the posts. Then we divided our observation time into three periods and performed Repeated Measures ANOVA to compare the differences in attitudes in three periods. Results: Results show that stigma was mild with 2.46% of related posts being stigmatizing. The percentages of stigmatizing posts differed significantly in 3 periods (F (2,66) = 5.60, p <.01, η2= 0.15). The percentages of ‘Infectious’ posts (F (2,66) = 3.69, p <.05, η2 = 0.10) and ‘Stupid’ posts (F (2,66) = 3.65, p <.05, η2 = 0.10) are significantly different in 3 periods. The percentages of ‘Irresponsible’ posts is not significant different in 3 periods (F (2,66) = 0.63, p =.53, η2 = 0.02). After government interventions, stigma didn’t reduce significantly, and stigma with ‘Infectious’ attitude even increased. It was until the government interventions took effect that stigma significantly reduced. Conclusions: This study found that stigma towards Wuhan people included diverse attitudes and changed at different periods. After government interventions but before they took effect, stigma with ‘Infectious’ attitude increased. After government interventions took effect, general stigma, and stigma with ‘Infectious’ and ‘Stupid’ attitudes decreased. This study constitutes an important endeavor to understand the stigma towards Wuhan people in China during the COVID-19 epidemic. Implications for stigma reduction and improvement of the public’s perception in different periods of epidemic control are discussed.
Risk Factors of Dengue Fever in an Urban Area in Vietnam: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Nguyen-Tien Thang , Cuong Do Duy , Luat Le Xuan , Hai Dinh Thi , Lindeborg Mats , Nguyen-Viet Hung , Lundkvist Åke , Grace Delia Randolph , Lindahl Johanna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Dengue is a mosquito-borne flavivirus present in many metropolitan cities of tropical countries. Methods: During and after the dengue season (September 2018 to January 2019), we conducted a case-control study in order to determine the risk factors for dengue fever in Hanoi city, Vietnam. 98 dengue patients and 99 patients with other acute infections were recruited at Department of Infectious Disease of Bach Mai national hospital in Hanoi. Patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire covering demographic, housing, environmental factors and knowledge, attitude, and practice on dengue prevention and control. Results: The mean score of knowledge items and practice items was only 7.9 out of total 19 points and 3.9 out of total 17 points, respectively. While the mean score of attitude items was 4.8 out of total 6 points. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that older patients had lesser risk of getting dengue infection as compared to younger adults aged 16-30, and patients living in peri-urban districts were less likely to suffer of dengue fever than patients living in central urban districts (OR = 0.31; 95% CI 0.13-0.75). This study could not find any association with occupation, water storage habit, knowledge, attitude, or practice on dengue prevention. Conclusions: All patients had a relatively low level of knowledge and practice on dengue prevention and control. However, the attitude of the participants was good. We found that age group and living district were the risk factors correlated with the dengue status. Communication programs on raising dengue awareness should be repeated all year round and target particular groups of adolescents, younger adults, landlords and migrants from other provinces to improve their knowledge and encourage them to implement preventive measures against dengue fever.
To Isolate or Not To Isolate: The Impact of Changing Behavior on COVID-19 Transmission
Authors: Agusto Folashade B. , Erovenko Igor V. , Fulk Alexander , Abu-Saymeh Qays , Romero-Alvarez Daniel , Ponce Joan , Sindi Suzanne , Ortega Omayra , Onge Jarron M. Saint , Peterson A. Townsend 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused more than 25 million cases and 800 thousand deaths worldwide to date. Neither vaccines nor therapeutic drugs are currently available for this novel coronavirus. All measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 are thus based on reducing contact between infected and susceptible individuals. Most of these measures such as quarantine and self-isolation require voluntary compliance by the population. However, humans may act in their (perceived) self-interest only. We construct a mathematical model of COVID-19 transmission with quarantine and hospitalization coupled with a dynamic game model of adaptive human behavior. Susceptible and infected individuals adopt various behavioral strategies based on perceived prevalence and burden of the disease and sensitivity to isolation measures, and they evolve their strategies using a social learning algorithm (imitation dynamics). This results in complex interplay between the epidemiological model, which affects success of different strategies, and the game-theoretic behavioral model, which in turn affects the spread of the disease. We found that the second wave of the pandemic, which has been observed in the US, can be attributed to rational behavior of susceptible individuals, and that multiple waves of the pandemic are possible if the rate of social learning of infected individuals is sufficiently high. To reduce the burden of the disease on the society, it is necessary to incentivize such altruistic behavior by infected individuals as voluntary self-isolation.
A Single-Cell Atlas of Liver Metastases of Colorectal Cancer Reveals the Reprogramming of the Tumor Microenvironment in Response to Preoperative Chemotherapy
Authors: Li Jian-Ming , Che Li-Heng , Liu Jing-Wen , Luo Rong , Huo Jian-Ping , Li Yu-Qing , Zhou Ai-Jun , Huang Piao , Chen Yong-Yu , Ni Wen , Zhou Yunxia , Liu Yuan-Yuan , Li Hui-Yan , Zhou Rong , Mo Hui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Metastasis is the primary cause of cancer-related mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. How to improve therapeutic options for patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC) is the core question for CRC treatment. However, the complexity and diversity of stromal context of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in liver metastases of CRC is not fully understood, and its influence on response to chemotherapy is unclear. Here we provide an in-depth analysis of transcriptional landscape of primary CRC, matched liver metastases and blood at single-cell resolution, and perform a systematic examination of transcriptional changes and phenotypic alteration of the TME in response to preoperative chemotherapy (PC). Based on 111,292 single-cell transcriptomes, our study reveal that TME of treatment-naïve tumors is characterized by higher abundance of less-activated B cells and higher heterogeneity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). By contrast, in tumors treated with preoperative chemotherapy, we find reprogramming of B cell activation, lower diversity of TAMs with immature and less activated phenotype, lower abundance of both dysfunctional T cells and ECM-remodeling cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), an accumulation of myofibroblast. Our study may provide a foundation to investigate the cellular mechanisms underlying liver metastasis of CRC and response to preoperative chemotherapy, and open up new possibilities for predicting and guiding therapeutic responsiveness.
Dynamic prediction of renal survival using artificial intelligence:
an international study of deeply phenotyped cohorts of kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Loupy Alexandre , Raynaud Marc , Aubert Olivier , Reese Peter P. , Kamar Nassim , Chin Chen-Shan , Bailly Élodie , Ladrière Marc , Quintrec Moglie Le , Delahousse Michel , Juric Ivana , Basic-Jukic Nikolina , Crespo Marta , Junior Helio Tedesco Silva , Linhares Kamilla , Castro Maria Cristina Ribeiro de , Gervacio Soler Pujol , Empana Jean-Philippe , Ulloa Camilo , Akalin Enver , Böhmig Georg , Huang Edmund , Glotz Denis , Stegall Mark D. , Bentall Andrew J. , Montgomery Robert A. , Jordan Stanley C. , Oberbauer Rainer , Segev Dorry L. , Friedewald John J , Legendre Christophe , Jouven Xavier , Lefaucheur Carmen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The Potential Effect of Nav1.8 in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from a Congenital Case with Compound Heterozygous SCN10A Mutations
Authors: Heinrichs Björn , Liu Baowen , Zhang Jin , Meents Jannis E , Le Kim , Hautvast Petra , Zhu Xiwen , Li Ningbo , Liu Yi , Rothermel Markus , Namer Barbara , Zhang Xianwei , Lampert Angelika , Duan Guangyou 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Apart from the most prominent symptoms in Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), namely deficits in social interaction and repetitive behavior, patients often show abnormal sensory reactivity to environmental stimuli. Especially potentially painful stimuli are reported to be experienced in a different way compared to healthy persons. In our present study, we present an ASD patient carrying compound heterozygous mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) Nav1.8, which is preferentially expressed in sensory neurons. We expressed both identified mutations, p.I1511M and p.R512X, in a heterologous expression system and investigated their biophysical properties using patch-clamp recordings. The results of these experiments suggest that both mutations lead to different degrees of loss-of-function of Nav1.8. Behavioral experiments in a Nav1.8 loss-of-function mouse model additionally revealed Nav1.8 may play a role in autistic behavior. Our results present Nav1.8 as a protein potentially involved in ASD pathophysiology and may therefore offer new insights to the genetic basis of this disease.
Assessment of Health Management Information System (HMIS) implementation in South West Shewa Zone, Oromia, Central Ethiopia.
Authors: Bogale Addisuu , Rikitu Dufera 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Health management information system (HMIS) is a system that allows for the collection, storage, compilation, transmission, analysis and usage of health data that assist decision makers and stakeholders manage and plan resources at every level of health service. The objective was to assess Health Management Information System (HMIS) implementation in south west shewa, oromia, central Ethiopia 2019.Methods and Materials: The assessment was conducted in south west Shewa from August 17 to 25, 2019. Facility based cross sectional study design was employed and 22 health centers were included in the study. Collected data was entered in Epi-data and analyzed using SPSS 23 and Microsoft excel 2010.Results: Among health centers assessed 58% and 92% had HMIS unit and electric power respectively. In all woredas HMIS focal person was assigned and trained on information use. At health center level HMIS recording and reporting, indicator reference, NCoD and information use manuals availability were 25%, 33%, 17% and 58% respectively. The study shows that implementation of information display, and functionality of PMT were 74% and 58% respectively. During the assessment interviewed midwives on the service delivery unit only 75% of health center define and record new and repeat acceptor of family planning according to the national revised HMIS indicators. Also 67% of health officer assigned to outpatient department define new and repeat and filled in the register properly and some of them didn’t use NCoD to classify HMIS disease classification.Conclusions: Health management information System (HMIS) in south west shewa zone was not fully implemented and there is a challenge related to improving data accuracy, access to computerized HMIS data and competencies to analyze, interpret and use of HMIS data at health center levels. Also, presence of reporting mechanism, displaying information and feedback mechanism were poor at health center level. Therefore, it is important to function performance monitoring team meeting and supportive supervision regularly at all levels.
Sex difference in infant mortality: a study of UK Paediatric Intensive Care admissions over 11 years
Authors: Almossawi Ofran , O'Brien Scott , Parslow Roger , Nadel Simon , Palla Luigi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Rationale
Within the UK, child mortality from all causes has declined for all ages over the last three decades. However, distinct inequality remains, as child mortality rates vary by sex and are generally found to be higher in males. A significant proportion of childhood deaths in the UK occur in Paediatric Intensive Care Units (PICU).

Objectives
We aimed to study the association of sex with infant mortality in PICUs.

Methods
We obtained data for all infant admissions to UK-PICUs from 01/01/2005 to 31/12/2015. We assessed the causal relationship between sex and mortality and selected appropriate variables for adjustment. We fitted a cause specific hazard ratio (CSHR) model, and a logistic model to estimate the adjusted effect of sex on mortality in PICU. Pre-defined subgroups were children less than 56 days old, and those with a primary diagnosis of infection.

Measurements and Main Results
Within the 71,243 admissions, there were 1,411/29,520 (4.8%) female deaths, and 1,809/41,723 (4.3%) male deaths. The adjusted male to female CSHR was 0.87 (95%-CI 0.81 to 0.92) representing a 13% higher risk of death for females over males. Similarly, the adjusted OR for male to female mortality is 0.87 (95%-CI, 0.81 to 0.94). Subgroup analysis yielded similar findings.
Conclusions
Female sex is associated with higher mortality in infants needing PICU admission, despite similar severity of illness to males. There was no effect of age or infection status. This suggests that females and males differ in the pathophysiology of critical illness and/or their response to treatment.
NAD+ flux is maintained in aged mice
Authors: McReynolds Melanie , Chellappa Karthikeyani , Chiles Eric , Jankowski Connor , Shen Yishui , Chen Li , Descamps Helene , Mukherjee Sarmistha , Bhat Yashaswini , Chu Qingwei , Botolin Paul , Thaiss Cristoph , Lu Wenyun , Su Xiaoyang , Rabinowitz Joshua , Baur Joseph 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
NAD+ is an essential coenzyme found in all living cells. NAD+ concentrations decline during aging, but whether this reflects impaired production or accelerated consumption remains unclear. Here we employed isotope tracing and mass spectrometry to probe NAD+ metabolism across tissues in aged mice. In 25-month-old mice, we observe modest tissue NAD+ depletion (median decrease ~ 30%) without significant changes in circulating NAD+ precursors. Isotope tracing showed unimpaired synthesis of circulating nicotinamide from tryptophan, and maintained flux of circulating nicotinamide into tissue NAD+ pools. Although absolute NAD+ biosynthetic flux was maintained in most tissues of aged mice, fractional tissue NAD+ labeling from infused labeled nicotinamide was modestly accelerated, consistent with increased activity of NAD+ consuming enzymes. Long-term calorie restriction partially mitigated age-associated NAD+ decline despite decreasing NAD+ synthesis, suggesting that calorie restriction reduces NAD+ consumption. Thus, age-related decline in NAD+ is relatively subtle and driven by increased NAD+ consumer activity rather than impaired production.
Integrated Analysis of Immunocyte Infiltration and Differential Gene Expression in Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Qin Xianyu , Chen Shaoxian , Wu Min , Wu Yueheng , Zhuang Jian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is one of the main reasons for sudden cardiac death (SCD) of young people. Researches have revealed that immune-related genes are closely relevant with HOCM. Therefore, it is important to explore the key immune regulatory mechanisms and biomarkers of HOCM.Methods: We used many bioinformatics methods, including linear models for microarray analysis (LIMMA), protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG), and CIBERSORT to assess the key pathway and hub genes involved in HOCM. Furthermore, expression levels of hub genes were validated in human tissue.Results: Our results showed that the degree of infiltration of five immune cells were linked to HOCM, including monocytes, macrophages M2, NK cell resting, B cells native, and T cells regulatory (Tregs). A total of 7 hub genes (CCL2, CXCL8, FOS, MAP2K1, NFKBIA, STAT3, and TNFRSF1A) were identified and validated by qt-PCR. The core genes including CCL2, MAP2K1, NFKBIA, STAT3, and TNFRSF1A are closely related to monocytes infiltration in HOCM.Conclusion: Taken together, our research will provide useful information to explore the immune mechanisms underlying HOCM and the potential targets for therapy. The candidate genes CCL2, MAP2K1, NFKBIA, STAT3, and TNFRSF1A were involved in the regulation of monocytes tissue infiltration, which is closely related to the HOCM.