bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategies to maximise the autonomy of neighbourhoods with the integration of renewable energies
Authors: Siraganyan Karni , Mauree Dasaraden , Robin Damien , Uhlhorn Eva , Scartezzini Jean-Louis 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A simulation tool (EcoSim) has been developed to analyse the economic and environmental aspects of the integration of several energy conversion units. For a given investment over 25 years, the tool calculates the self-consumption rate, the autonomy level, the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and the CO2 emissions. A neighbourhood is modelled using the Rhino software. Then the dynamic simulation software, CitySim Pro, determines the hourly energy demand and solar PV generation. Finally, the techno-economic and environmental parameters are calculated using EcoSim. For this neighbourhood located in Basel, the self-consumption rate is maximised by combining solar PV and battery. With the sale of locally produced electricity to the residents of the neighbourhood, we have shown that the implementation of such a self-consumption community leads to a more economically profitable situation as compared to the current case where electricity is bought from an industrial company.
Bidirectional low temperature networks in urban districts: A novel design methodology based on mathematical optimization
Authors: Wirtz Marco , Kivilip Lukas , Remmen Peter , Müller Dirk 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Bidirectional low temperature networks (BLTN) are a sustainable and energy efficient concept to supply urban districts with heating and cooling. In this work, we present a linear program (LP) for designing BLTNs. Based on a superstructure, the optimal energy conversion units are selected and sized for each building connected to the network and an energy hub. The superstructure of HVAC systems in buildings comprises heat pumps, electric boilers, thermal storages, compression chillers, cooling towers and heat exchangers for direct cooling with the BLTN. Within a case study, the LP is applied to a district with 17 buildings on a research campus in Germany. The performance of the BLTN is compared to a heating and cooling supply by individual HVAC systems for each building. With a BLTN, the total annualized costs can be reduced by 42 % and the CO2 emissions by 56 %, compared to stand-alone HVAC systems.
Modeling of Petri-Net-based control algorithms for the simulation-based improvement of the planning process of building energy systems
Authors: Cai Xiaoye , Schild Thomas , Schreiber Thomas , Baranski Marc , Müller Dirk 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The increasing integration of renewable forms of energy into building energy systems raises the need for the use of more complex energy conversion and distribution systems. These are often equipped with complex automation systems, which require methods for structured development of control algorithms. In practice, textual descriptions of control algorithms represent a considerable source of failures. The digitization of the planning process is a core element in facilitating control development and supporting the engineering in the process automation. With regard to the digitization of the planning process, we have introduced the MODI-method in previous work. This method allows structured control development in early stages of the planning process and can be extended by performing simulations, i.e. an algorithm implemented as a Petri-Net. In this paper, we investigate the integration of this method into the simulation-based planning and an approach to model an algorithm based on Petri-Net. The case study shows the functionality of this method and the modeling approach. In future work, the MODI-method will be compared with other control strategies and applied in complex systems for further development.
The SDE4 Learning Trail: Crowdsourcing occupant comfort feedback at a net-zero energy building
Authors: Sood Tapeesh , Quintana Matias , Jayathissa Prageeth , AbdelRahman Mahmoud , Miller Clayton 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study describes a human-building interaction framework called the SDE Learning Trail, a mobile app that is currently deployed at the SDE4 building - the new Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB) at the National University of Singapore (NUS). This framework enables building occupants and visitors to learn about the well and green features of the new NZEB while facilitating collection of environmental comfort feedback in a simple and intuitive way. Within just three months, 1163 feedback responses of thermal, visual and aural comfort were obtained. A total of 616 participants have contributed to the study till date, with 79 participants who provided five or more instances of feedback. This data set provides new opportunities for understanding occupant comfort behavior through supervised and unsupervised data-driven methods. This paper demonstrates how occupants can be clustered into comfort personality types that could be used as a foundation for prediction and recommendation systems that use real-time occupant behavior instead of rigid comfort models. We provide an overview of the application methodology and initial results in the SDE4 building.
Perspective on daylight provision according to the new European standard “Daylight in Buildings” (EN 17037)
Authors: Paule Bernard , Flourentzou Flourentzos 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The entry into force of the first European standard dealing with daylight is very good news. However, the objectives set by this standard in terms of daylight provision are quite demanding and the consequences on the design of buildings are far from neutral. Based on simulations conducted with the DIAL+ software, the study focuses on the Daylight Provision criterion and looks at the influence of localization (latitude). The work consists of the evaluation of a 2 case-studies and analyses the results obtained for 4 locations in Europe. The aim is to put in perspective, on the one hand, the daylighting performance and, on the other hand, the induced energy consumption in terms of heating, cooling and electric lighting. This gives a better idea of the consequences of this Standard on the overall energy performance and allows to question the objectives set by the standard
Effect of atrium geometry and reflectance on daylighting in adjacent rooms
Authors: Ferreira T , Bournas I , Dubois M-C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Atria are implemented in buildings to increase daylight, foster interaction and provide ventilation. However, their implementation can be complex if good daylight is to be achieved. This research proposed an investigation about the atrium parameters that affect daylight conditions in a case study. This evaluation concentrated in the atrium geometry and the wall reflectance values. Overall, the outcomes demonstrated that shifting the atrium from an enclosed to a semi-enclosed one can double the daylight in the atrium adjacent rooms. Moreover, it is possible to achieve better daylight in the adjacent rooms by keeping the same floor area of the building.
The energy of the green: green facades and vertical farm as dynamic envelope for resilient building
Authors: Trombadore Antonella , Paludi Beatrice , Dostuni Michele 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper shares the results of a design submitted to a competition launched by the University of Wageningen, focusing on the retrofitting action of one of the existing towers of the former Bijlmerbajes prison complex in Amsterdam. The effort of an interdisciplinary team was oriented to demonstrating that it is possible to imagine the architectonic environment as a living organism, being part of the new food production chain, sponsoring zero kilometer products and increasing buildings’ sustainable comfort while reducing their energy consumptions. Promoting a healthy lifestyle, an awareness of how to environmentally friendly behave and keeping the ecological footprint as low as possible were the main goals we wanted to achieve with our retrofitting and regenerative proposal of the GreenTower.
Assessing the impact of a differentiated retrofit approach in UK domestic buildings
Authors: Ben Hui , Steemers Koen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Conventionally, publicly accessible retrofit recommendations use calculations based on standardised occupant behaviour. However, studies have shown that occupant behaviour can have a significant impact on energy consumption and subsequent retrofit savings. This paper assesses the impact of a differentiated retrofit approach using household archetypes grouped according to similar behavioural patterns, dwelling and household characteristics. The results showed that distinguishing between different household groups can significantly improve overall retrofit effectiveness. The ambition is to enable better home retrofits for a sustainable housing stock, while meeting the UK Government’s goal of carbon emissions reduction.
Solution Renovation – typological guidelines for the energetic retrofit of multi housing residential buildings in Geneva
Authors: Rinquet Lionel , Geiger Aline 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The project “Solution Renovation” aims to promote the energy transition and renovation of existing multi housing buildings in canton Geneva by providing incentives and assistance to owners to trigger renovation decisions. Solution Renovation offers to the owners’ project guidelines (meta-diagnostics) for their buildings, in relation to their renovation potential, based on a typological analysis of structures and envelopes. The building population has been classified into nine different façade typologies. For each typology 1 or 2 detailed refurbishment scenarios have been developed, with cost and energy saving estimations to serve as guidelines to owners.
Performance evaluation and post-occupancy evaluation of a naturally ventilated lecture theatre in Reunion Island
Authors: Payet Maareva , David Mathieu , Gandemer Jacques , Garde François 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the Post Occupancy Evaluation of the first naturally ventilated lecture theatre built in a tropical region. The challenge was to design a bioclimatic amphitheatre of 550 seats, which does not use air conditioning and remains comfortable at the same time. A post-occupancy evaluation has been carried out based on, in parallel, indoor and outdoor measurements, and a user’s survey. Airflow measurement is used to check the good performance in terms of natural ventilation. A follow-up of the building’s actual consumption has been carried out as well, which showed overall positive results. 92% of the users feel comfortable or slightly comfortable during the hottest days. Nevertheless, 50% of them would prefer to get more air movements. In terms of energy consumption, the lecture theatre consumes four times less than a standard one.
Information architecture for the implementation of a technological platform that manages research production in higher education institutions
Authors: Rodríguez J P , Leal J L , Gallardo O A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Scientific communication and diffusion is one of the challenges of higher education institutions, related to the implementation of strategies of free access to the scientific and technological productivity of the teachers and researchers of the institutions, which allow to increase the visibility and impact of the research, for which a model of information architecture of the technological platform for the management of the investigative production of teachers and researchers was designed, under an environment focused on satisfying the information needs of the users that allows to organize, to group and to visualize the information by means of metadata. The research is of exploratory-descriptive type, through which the products of science, technology and innovation that should be visible in the technological platform were identified, generating as a result an architecture model-view-controller, with data storage in a relational database, which has access through a RESTful API made in Java, the views and controllers were made in HyperText markup language and JavaServer pages respectively. MySQL was used as a relational database engine to store information and MYSQL Workbench as a platform for the construction of the relationship model between entities, tables and columns; which will be used as a framework for the design, planning and implementation of the technological platform.
Thermal properties of zirconia-alumina coatings obtained by thermal spray flame
Authors: Ferrer M , Vargas F , Moreno C M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Thermal spraying makes possible to manufacture coatings of a large number of materials, including those with a high melting point, such as ceramics. There are different ways of manufacturing these coatings, two of them are air-plasma spraying and flame spray. In this study the zirconia and alumina coatings were manufactured by flame spray, their morphology was studied and compared with their thermal conductivity and diffusivity properties. The morphology was studied from scanning electron microscope micrographs and the thermal properties measured by the laser flash method. It was discovered that the type of flame used to obtain the coatings influences the percentage porosity and thickness and that this in turn, affects its thermal properties.
Unburned bodies of mineral carbon coming from Colmena kilns placed in the metropolitan area of San José de Cúcuta, Colombia: Possibilities of reuse
Authors: Sanchez-Molina J , Sanchez-Zuñiga J , Gelves J F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this work residues from the combustion process of the mineral coal used to generate energy in the kilns of the ceramic industry in the metropolitan area of San José de Cúcuta were collected and characterized. The material collected was subjected to grain size reduction and characterized by gravimetric thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, microstructural analysis by X ray diffraction and chemical composition from X-ray fluorescence. The results obtained show that the unburned bodies coming from Colmena kilns (which are currently discarded) still have a very high concentration of organic phase that can provide energy to the ceramic process through combustion, if they are subjected to firing temperatures above 650 °C. On the other hand, the characterization obtained shows that chemically these unburned bodies are rich in inorganic elements such as silicon, aluminum and calcium, which are present in the material as amorphous (91.9% w/w) and crystalline phase (8.1% w/w), with quartz and mullite as relevant crystalline phases. It was established that this waste can be used as a substitute of clay materials in the manufacture of construction ceramics.
Analysis of numerical simulations on triaxial compression tests using different constitutive models of the soil behaviour
Authors: Olarte M C , Ruge J C 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTo reproduce in an accurate way by artificial methods the real behaviour of the soil is extremely complicated, given the intrinsic heterogeneity of the soil and the innumerable external factors that affect its mechanical-hydraulic response. At present, there are several constitutive models, both traditional and modern, that attempt to simulate the possible stress paths that a geomaterial can undergoes. Within the practical engineering the most used model has been Mohr-Coulomb, which shows an elastic-perfectly plastic response. However, the soil is far from exhibiting a behaviour similar to that shown in this model. Modern constitutive laws can simulate in a more appropriate way the non-linear behaviour of the soil. However, they use several parameters that increase the complexity of the models. The objective of these constitutive models is none other than to extrapolate its mathematical formulation to the global behaviour of geotechnical structures. Before adjusting the parameters that should be used in the numerical modelling of real geotechnical problems, it is necessary to understand the behaviour at the elementary level (experimental) of the constitutive model. Normally this process is called calibration of parameters. In this work, the numerical results of triaxial compression tests for a typical normally consolidated soil are shown. Various constitutive models are used, which reveal different stress paths, for which the dispersion in the obtained results is considered.
Production of lightweight red ceramic floor tiles with addition of thermoelectric plant coal fly ash and its effect on physic mechanical properties
Authors: Sarabia A , Sanchez J , Ramírez R P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Fly ash obtained from coal combustion was used as a partial substitute of clay material for lightweight red ceramic floor tiles production by pressing. Raw materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence. The technique of molding by pressing was used for the manufacture of the prototypes, once firing, were evaluated their physical and mechanical properties (linear shrinkage, apparent density, water absorption, flexural strength). The results indicated that fly ash from the thermoelectric power plant at Termotasajero under the working conditions allow reduce the density of ceramic products with physic mechanical properties adequate for its use as ceramic tiles classified as BIIb and BIIIb.
Effect of the incorporation of residual sludge from water treatment on the technological properties of ceramic bodies: A review
Authors: Sarabia A , Sanchez J , Sanchez J V 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe disposal of sludge generated by water treatment by chemical coagulation is considered an environmental problem that has attracted attention of researchers worldwide, whose objective is to promote strategies for their productive use. This study addresses results of studies conducted in the recent 7 years on the aluminous sludge use in the manufacture of ceramic products. The literature shows that the proportion of sludge and the firing temperature are two key factors that affect the final ceramic products technological properties: water absorption, mechanical resistance, porosity and bulk density. It is concluded that it is feasible to incorporate water treatment sludges in partial replacement of one of the constituent materials of clay bodies, with additions up to 10% sludge and firing temperatures above 1000 °C.
Solution by numerical methods of the heat equation in engineering applications. A case of study: Cooling without the use of electricity
Authors: Nolasco C , Jácome N J , Hurtado-Lugo N A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The physical model proposing the explanation of the phenomenon of cooling without electricity consists of a pot-in-pot refrigerator. This device consists of an external porous ceramic pot in which a smaller waterproof pot containing the material to be cooled. The space between the pots is filled with wet sand. The cooling effect in the device is produced by the evaporation of water, the heat transfer from the material to the sand and the influence of the air. An experimental model of the cooling effect investigates the influence of the main physical parameters and an analytical model of the heat transfer was proposed as a result of the experiments. In this article the analytical model of the heat transfer of a pot-pot refrigerator is solved by explicit and implicit numerical methods. The numerical solutions were compared with the analytical solution and it was observed that in the case of the explicit and implicit method, the results fit very well with the expected evolution system. Finally, a new way to continue the research is proposed.
Physicochemical study of used frying oil as feedstock for the production of biodiesel
Authors: Acevedo-Paez J C , Urbina N A , Acevedo A Z , Becerra L C 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA diagnosis was made of the availability and quality of the used frying oil of the establishments dedicated to chicken fry in the city of San José de Cúcuta, to evaluate its technical feasibility as a feedstock in the biodiesel production. A survey was applied to 21 restaurants, evidencing that they reuse the oil less times when having a high monthly consumption (i.e.more than 80 liters, contrary to those consuming less than 60 liters, which reuse the oil more than 3 times. As a final disposition, 86% of establishments sell the used frying oil at $750/liter and 14% deliver it to be used by external persons. The physicochemical properties of used frying oil were analyzed as: fatty acid profile, density, moisture content, refractive index, acidity index, peroxide index and saponification index. The used frying oil presented high content of oleic acid (42.45%) and palmitic acid (33.52%), converting it into a potential feedstock by presenting fatty acids characteristics from palm oil, which is the main source for the production of biodiesel in Colombia. To improve the organoleptic characteristics of the used frying oil (dark colour, strong odour, emulsions), it was subjected to heating and filtering to remove the particles that affect the yield of biodiesel production.
Students’ perception of an engineering program on student mobility and its impact on integral formation
Authors: Laguado R I , Ramírez R P , Hernández F Y 
Published: November 2019

AbstractStudent mobility is considered as one of the strategies used in universities for the internationalization of higher education, an important factor within the program accreditation model defined by the National Accreditation Council. In this context, the following study sought to understand students’ perception of mobility processes and the significant experiences generated within the academic and multicultural process, becoming an opportunity to analyze the main variables that students take into account in order to participate in this mechanism of internationalization in Universities. This article analyses the students’ perception of an engineering program in the period 2013-2018, on student mobility and its impact within integral formation. Based on the results obtained, strategies are generated to encourage mobility among engineering students, highlighting the importance of internationalization as an enriching tool for professional training.
Design and testing of vertical tubular baffle heat exchanger as an internal reboiler in the distillation device
Authors: Susmiati Y , Purwantana B , Bintoro N , Rahayoe S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Reboiler in the distillation device is a heat exchanger to heat or boil liquid material in the distillation column. In this research vertical tubular baffle heat exchanger was designed and used as an internal reboiler in the distillation device. The aim of the study was to observe the temperature distribution during the liquid heating process in the vertical tubular baffle heat exchanger with different dimensions. The study was conducted by designing heat exchangers (HE) with different dimensions in height, diameter, and surface area (number) of tubes. Times and fuels needed to heat the liquid to a temperature of 78 °C were calculated. Based on observations it was found that the different geometry of the vertical tubular baffle heat exchanger gives different performance. Height, diameter, and the number of tubes (surface area) affect the value of the overall heat transfer coefficient, times and fuels needed for heating liquids at a temperature of 78 °C. In the same surface area but different in height and diameter of the heat exchanger, give a different result in overall heat transfer coefficient (U). HE with the number of tubes 3 and 7 obtained a higher value of U with a tube height of 4 cm and a diameter of 4 cm, compared with the value of U in HE with a tube 8 cm in high and 2 cm in diameter, but the opposite occurs in HE with a number of tubes 5.