bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can antibiotic preference affect bleeding in percutaneous nephrolithotomy? Retrospective comparative study of two commonly used antibiotics
Authors: Akkoç Ali , Aydın Cemil , Uçar Murat , Topçuoğlu Murat 
Published: April 2020

Objective: Bleeding is one of the most common and alarming complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of ciprofloxacin and cefuroxime on the bleeding in PCNL procedures.
Methods: The study was a retrospective analysis of 97 patients who underwent PCNL between February 2011 and June 2017. We just included the patients who had single tract lower pole PCNL for more objective evaluation of bleeding in the study. The patients were divided into two groups as ciprofloxacin group (Group-I, n:40) and cefuroxime group (Group-II, n:56) according to the type of antibiotic used in the operation. Patient age, gender, body mass index, stone size, preoperative INR, preoperative and postoperative platelet counts and difference, operative time, need for blood transfusion, postoperative fever, hospital stay, postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit drop were analyzed.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in patients’ gender distribution, body mass index, preoperative INR, preoperative and postoperative platelet counts, preoperative and postoperative platelet difference, duration of operation, hospital stay, postoperative fever and need for postoperative blood transfusion between two antibiotic groups (p > 0.05). Mean patient age was 42,75±16,97 in Group-I and 35,54±14,71 in Group-II (p < 0.05). The mean stone size of Group-I and Group-II were 27,23±7,05 mm and 30,59±8,20, respectively (p < 0.05). The mean postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit drop were significantly higher in Group-I than in Group-II. The mean hemoglobin drop was 1,73±0,95 for Group-I and 1,28±0,67 for Group-II (p < 0.05). The mean hematocrit drop was 5,17±2,76 for Group-I and 3,80±1,99 for Group-II (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: On the basis of the results of the initial study, the antibiotic preference in patients undergoing surgery may be one of the bleeding factors during and after PCNL.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.1977
How to cite this:Akkoc A, Aydin C, Ucar M, Topcuoglu M. Can antibiotic preference affect bleeding in percutaneous nephrolithotomy? Retrospective comparative study of two commonly used antibiotics. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(4):621-626. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.1977
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Flow volume curve: A diagnostic tool in extrathoracic airway obstruction
Authors: Al-Khlaiwi Thamir 
Published: April 2020

The flow-volume loop (F/V-loop) is a presentation of inhalation and exhalation of air stream volume during inspiration and expiration. It demonstrates the obstructive, restrictive and mixed pattern lung pathology. Flow-volume loop has been extensively used for evaluating the severity, progression and resolution of various causes of upper-airway conditions.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.2283
How to cite this:Al-Khlaiwi T. Flow volume curve: A diagnostic tool in extrathoracic airway obstruction. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(4):846-847. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.2283
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Appointment and Promotion of Faculty in Medical and Dental Institutions: Understanding the Criterion for Assessment of Research Articles
Authors: Ghani Fazal 
Published: April 2020

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.2344
How to cite this:Ghani F. Appointment and Promotion of Faculty in Medical and Dental Institutions: Understanding the Criterion for Assessment of Research Articles. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(4):593-595. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.2344
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Enhanced sensitivity in graphene-based SPR biosensors using electrical bias
Authors: Gollapalli Ravi P. 
Published: April 2020

A theoretical framework to increase the sensitivity of graphene-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors by the application of electrical bias voltage across the sensor surface is presented. Graphene layers deposited on thin gold film (50 nm) form the sensor surface system where the surface plasmon is excited. The real and imaginary parts of the refractive index of this gold–graphene system can be controlled by tuning its chemical potential using electrical modulation. Numerical calculations show a promising method to enhance the sensitivity of graphene-based SPR biosensors.
Super terahertz phase shifter achieving high transmission and large modulation depth
Authors: Li Shuai , Wang Jing , Tian Hao , Li Li , Liu Jianlong , Wang Guan Chao , Gao Jiaojiao , Hu Chengpeng , Zhou Zhongxiang 
Published: April 2020

We propose an industrial-grade liquid-crystal-based terahertz (THz)
2π-phase shifter with predictable ultra-high amplitude transmittance.
The phase retardation reaches 360.5° at 1.68 THz by analyzing the
birefringence of liquid crystal (LC), and the amplitude transmittance
in 0.3–1.5 THz is over 83%. More than 91.5% transmittance can be
reached by decreasing the scattering of the THz wave in the dynamic
deflection process of LC molecules, and that is close to the
transmittance limit of quartz-based devices. This millimeter-thick
phase shifter reaches full phase modulation and ultra-high
transmittance in a broad THz band, is easy to be integrated in a
quasi-optical system with a compact size and can be utilized as a wave
plate, even an element in a THz phased array.
Generation Z and hospitality careers
Authors: Walmsley Andreas , Cripps Karen , Hine Catherine 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article explores youth career decision-making at a time of ongoing concerns surrounding the supply of labour to the hospitality industry. This article is unique in its combination of attitudes of Generation Z with a pre-university-aged sample combined with employer views. A survey of 245 youth provided insights into work values and attitudes towards hospitality careers, which was complemented by interviews with nine hospitality employers. Findings indicate only a small percentage of youth consider hospitality employment an attractive option. However, this insight must be tempered by an acknowledgement of participants' early, exploratory phase of career development, by the fact that other occupations were equally not regarded in particularly high esteem, and the important role capability considerations played in assessing career options. Beyond a focus on personal development, there was little indication of homogeneity regarding work values. Employer interviews supported the notion of an 'ignorance barrier' in relation to youth seeking hospitality employment. The UK hospitality sector is increasingly concerned with addressing the 'image' of the industry as an attractive career choice, and this research underlines the importance of industry working together with education partners to promote the opportunities and address negative perceptions.
Six Traditions
Authors: Gil Bruno 
Published: April 2020

In the academic year 2017-2018, an experience was launched in 4 course units: Theory of Architecture I and II, and History of Architecture III and IV. The researched object would be the same, while aiming at its intrinsic variations as a way to unravel common and uncommon grounds between theory and history.
Besides my voice in the “role of directed research” and the students’ voice in “the role of play”, I felt the need to introduce a third voice, one that would help to “free up the habitual links between things”, in theory and in history. It was how Charles Jencks was introduced to students. The challenge was to question his mappings of architectural evolution, by scrutinising his “evolutionary trees”.
In 1973, Charles Jencks published Modern Movements in Architecture, a book resulting from his doctoral dissertation with Reyner Banham’s guidance. It presented a critical mapping of modern architecture, as a solely movement, through the rereading of moments, objects and actors according to “Six Traditions”: logical, idealist, self-conscious, intuitive, activist, and unself-conscious (80% of environment). The permanently incomplete and questionable “evolutionary tree” – yet always intriguing –, had been updated by Jencks himself: in 2000 (Fig.1), and in 2015 (Fig.2). With the latter, new six traditions replaced the previous ones. The Exhibition “Six Traditions” aimed to reveal these two updates.
In History of Architecture III and IV, the works focused on the themes of the twentieth century, while in Theory of Architecture I and II, the focus was on the themes of the last twenty years. In group work, written essays introduced, described and questioned the topics within the maps, and were complemented by posters, which would be the core of the Exhibition “Six Traditions”. The work was displayed at the Department of Architecture of the University of Coimbra between January 15th and February 28th, 2019.
Preface
Authors: Auer Ekaterina , Kersten Julia , Rauh Andreas 
Published: April 2020

The Summer Workshop on Interval Methods (SWIM) is an annual meeting initiated in 2008 by the French MEA working group on Set Computation and Interval Techniques of the French research group on Automatic Control. A special focus of the MEA group is on promoting interval analysis techniques and applications to a broader community of researchers, facilitated by such multidisciplinary workshops. Since 2008, SWIM has become a keystone event for researchers dealing with various aspects of interval and set-based methods.
In 2018, the 11th edition in this workshop series was held at the University of Rostock, Germany, with a focus on research topics in the fields of engineering, computer science, and mathematics. A total of 31 talks were given during this workshop, covering the following areas:

verified solution of initial value problems for ordinary differential equations, differential-algebraic system models, and partial differential equations,
scientific computing with guaranteed error bounds,
design of robust and fault-tolerant control systems,
modeling and quantification of errors in engineering tasks,
implementation of software libraries, and
usage of the aforementioned approaches for system models in control engineering, data analysis, signal and image processing.

After a peer-review process, 15 high-quality articles were selected for publication in this special issue. They are roughly divided into two thematic groups: Uncertainty Modeling, Software, Verified Computing and Optimization as well as Interval Methods in Control and Robotics.
The first part, Uncertainty Modeling, Software, Verified Computing and Optimization, contains methodological aspects concerning reliable modeling of dynamic systems as well as visualization and quantification of uncertainty in the fields of measurement and simulation. Moreover, existence proofs for solutions of partial differential equations and their reliable optimal control synthesis are considered. A paper making use of quantifier elimination for robust linear output feedback control by means of eigenvalue placement concludes this section.
The second part of this special issue, Interval Methods in Control and Robotics, is focused on the design as well as numerical and experimental validation of robust state observation and control procedures along with reliable parameter and state estimation approaches in the fields of control for thermal systems, robotics, localization of drones and global positioning systems.
Crowded Intersections
Authors: Szilárdi Réka , Tõke Márton 
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we argue for the applicability of current
transdisciplinary tendencies in social sciences and the humanities in the
case of research topics in which two or more fields are involved. In the
past decades, many texts have been produced that discuss the pursuit of
scientific activities and scientific production while also highlighting the
terminological and historical aspects related to these. Often, polemics
emerge on whether the distinctive/distinguished terms truly denote different
phenomena, or they are merely empty expressions in vogue now in scientific
discourse. This latter approach is most often notable in the case of inter-,
cross-, and transdisciplinarity.
An observer of these processes has to suffer from the multiplicity of
interpretive frameworks behind these views, even though the given
definitions, paradigm shifts, and processes seem quite obvious. In order to
clarify the state of the field, we review historical approaches to
disciplinarity, its modern and post-modern characteristics, while
subsequently enumerating the necessary steps of transdisciplinary scientific
production. The paper concludes with a case study of a research project,
which exemplifies the distinct features of transdisciplinary
research.
At the border and beyond
Authors: Ladancsik Tibor , Maszlag Fanni 
Published: April 2020

Over the last half century, there has been an empirically perceptible rapid change and change of direction in social and linguistic processes. Our world has become more interactive, the flow of information has become faster, and communication technology is constantly evolving. The accelerated processes, evolution of history and culture of minority groups in families and mixed marriages result in the loss of language, which can lead to an identity crisisThe purpose of the study is to present, through a process – from the 1960s to the present days – how one dimension, that is language, has formed the identity of couples living in mixed marriages in Vojvodina and also the members of Romani women’s community in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county as well as what similarities and differences can be discovered in the lives of the two minority groups. Our research has concluded that opening up mobility channels significantly accelerates assimilation and language loss.
Splątane światy literatury i filmu
Authors: Krajewska Anna 
Published: April 2020

Krajewska Anna, Splątane światy literatury i filmu [The Entangled Worlds of Literature and Film]. „Przestrzenie Teorii” 32. Poznań 2019, Adam Mickiewicz University Press, pp. 7–12. ISSN 1644-6763. DOI 10.14746/pt.2019.32.0.
In view of the relations between literature and film, the article contains suggestions for ways to use performative approaches, which preclude concepts of adaptation, in favour of processes defining actions involving the entanglement of the arts.
O pewnym motywie w polskim filmie
Authors: Jazdon Mikołaj 
Published: April 2020

Jazdon Mikołaj, Aktorzy i Szekspir. O pewnym motywie w polskim filmie [Actors and Shakespeare or About a Certain Motif in Polish Film]. „Przestrzenie Teorii” 32. Poznań 2019, Adam Mickiewicz University Press, pp. 15–44. ISSN 1644-6763. DOI 10.14746/pt.2019.32.1.
This article deals with various references to William Shakespeare’s plays in Polish postwar films, both theatrical and television ones. There are no Polish film adaptations of Shakespeare’s works except for television dramas made for the Television Theater on state TV. There are, however, Polish films (mainly from 1962–1989) about actors and performing arts with fragments and motifs from Shakespeare plays. Their characters are often actors deprived by fate (or History) of the chance to play a Shakespeare role on stage and forced to play it in life instead.
Duma i uprzedzenie jak historia romantyczna. O adaptacji powieści Jane Austen w reżyserii Joe Wrighta
Authors: Pilawska Roksana 
Published: April 2020

Pilawska Roksana, Duma i uprzedzenie jak historia romantyczna. O adaptacji powieści Jane Austen w reżyserii Joe Wrighta [Dirty (un)Romantic story. An Analysis of Aesthetic Aspects in the Film Adaptation of Pride and Prejudice Directed by Joe Wright]. „Przestrzenie Teorii” 32. Poznań 2019, Adam Mickiewicz University Press, pp. 417–431. ISSN 1644-6763. DOI 10.14746/pt.2019.32.23.
The aim of my study is to attempt a comparative analysis of the two most famous film adaptations of the bestselling novel by Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice. As research material, I chose the mini-series produced by the BBC in 1995, which was part of the then popular trend of heritage films (heritage cinema) and the feature film from 2005, directed by Joe Wright, which, in the opinion of film experts, was a completely new form of audiovisual presentation of Austen’s work. In the article, I focus only on interpreting the aesthetic aspects of both productions, which would indicate similarities and differences, thus showing numerous shifts of emphasis in the aesthetic layer of the newer version.
Kilka refleksji o Rashomonie
Authors: Hendrykowski Marek 
Published: April 2020

Hendrykowski Marek, Kilka refleksji o Rashomonie [A few Reflections on Rashomon]. „Przestrzenie Teorii” 32. Poznań 2019, Adam Mickiewicz University Press, pp. 129–141. ISSN 1644-6763. DOI 10.14746/pt.2019.32.6.
A masterpiece of Japanese and world cinema, Akira Kurosawa’s Rashomon (1950) refers to a new model of narration in film, and broadens horizons in mid-20th-century film but also film in current imes. Rashomon set out new paths and fields of exploration in film art and began a new era in modern narration in moving pictures. This study re-evaluates Kurosawa’s work as an innovative, trans-national and trans-cultural approach to world cinema.
Assessment of the iodine nutritional status among Chinese school-aged children
Authors: Yao Ning , Zhou Chunbei , Xie Jun , Li Xinshu , Zhou Qianru , Chen Jing , Zhou Shuang 
Published: April 2020

Objective
The remarkable success of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) elimination in China has been achieved through a mandatory universal salt iodization (USI) program. The study aims to estimate the relationship between urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and iodine content in edible salt to assess the current iodine nutritional status of school aged children.

Methods
A total of 5565 students from 26 of 39 districts/counties in Chongqing participated in the study, UIC and iodine content in table salt were measured. Thyroid volumes of 3311 students were examined by ultrasound and goiter prevalence was calculated.

Results
The overall median UIC of students was 222 μg/L (IQR: 150-313 μg/L). Median UIC was significantly different among groups with non-iodized salt (iodine content <5 mg/kg), inadequately iodized salt (between 5 and 21 mg/kg), adequately iodized (between 21 and 39 mg/kg) and excessively iodized (>39 mg/kg) salt (P < 0.01). The total goiter rate was 1.9% (60/3111) and 6.0% (186/3111) according to Chinese national and WHO reference values, respectively. Thyroid volume and goiter prevalence were not different within the three iodine nutritional status groups (insufficient, adequate and excessive, P > 0.05).

Conclusions
The efficient implementation of current USI program is able to reduce the goiter prevalence in Chongqing as a low incidence of goiter in school aged children is observed in this study. The widened UIC range of 100–299 μg/L indicating sufficient iodine intake is considered safe with a slim chance of causing goiter or thyroid dysfunction. Further researches were needed to evaluate the applicability of WHO reference in goiter diagnose in Chongqing or identifying more accurate criteria of normal thyroid volume of local students in the future.
Redes de política pública en la política colombiana de envejecimiento humano y vejez en el municipio de Yarumal, Antioquia: análisis de las relaciones intergubernamentales e intersectoriales
Authors: Ibarra-Gómez Daniel 
Published: April 2020

El artículo tiene por objetivo analizar las relaciones intergubernamentales ―verticales y horizontales― e intersectoriales en el desarrollo de la Política Colombiana de Envejecimiento Humano y Vejez en el municipio de Yarumal (Antioquia, Colombia), con el interés de conocer los actores ―estatales y no estatales― y las relaciones que se han tejido entre dichos actores en el municipio para las disposiciones de esta política pública, para lo que se empleó un marco analítico que se fundamenta en las propuestas teóricas del enfoque de redes de políticas públicas, desagregado en sus dos componentes fundamentales: los actores y las relaciones. Se empleó una metodología a partir del estudio de caso instrumental; además se aplicó el Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS) como modelo metodológico para el análisis de las relaciones intergubernamentales e intersectoriales. Este ejercicio permitió evidenciar que el desarrollo de la política está, en su mayoría, concentrada en los actores estatales, además de las condiciones actuales de las relaciones Estado-sociedad en Yarumal para alcanzar los objetivos que se traza esa política, y, de manera específica, las condiciones de las redes intergubernamentales y de la intersectorial.
Implications from a microarray analysis: Solute carrier proteins may be potential targets to combat stemness of breast cancer
Authors: DEMİREL KARS Meltem 
Published: April 2020

Meme kanseri kök hücrelerinin kendi kendini yenilemesi,
kendiliğinden olan ve sonradan kazanılan ilaç direnci, meme kanserinin tedavisi
stratejilerini önleyen ana faktörlerdir. Yeni terapötik ajanlar geliştirmek
için yapılan çalışmalarda hedeflenecek olan biyobelirteç molekülleri
araştırılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, meme kanseri kök hücrelerinin (MKKH)
özelliklerini taşıyan, antikanser ilaç-paklitaksele dirençli meme kanseri hücre
hattında tüm genom cDNA mikrodizin analizi yapılmıştır. İlaca duyarlı parental
MCF-7 hücre hattı kontrol grubu olarak kullanılmıştır. MKKH benzeri hücrelerde
SLC taşıyıcı proteinleri kodlayan ve aşırı ifade edilen genler analiz
edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, 21 adet SLC proteini kodlayan genlerin
ifade düzeyleri 2.0 ve 35 kat arasında artmıştır. SLC38A5, SLC43A3, SLC6A15, SLC1A1, SLC2A3,
SLC26A2, SLC22A15, SLC16A3 genlerinin ifade düzeyleri 9 ile 35 kat arasında
artmıştır. Dolayısıyla, ilgili proteinler potansiyel hedefler olarak kabul
edilebilir ve bu bilgiler, meme kanseri kök hücrelerini hedef alan
biyobelirteçlerin keşfedilmesi için yeni bir araştırma alanı açacaktır.