bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yield of green super rice (GSR) lines under legowo and squared planting system
Authors: Susanto Untung , Barokah Umi , Ali Jauhar 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Green Super Rice (GSR) is rice genotypes designed to have high yield which is stable under low input Conditions. Legowo was reported to give higher yield compared to The square planting system. This research aimed to study The yield of 10 GSR lines along with four checks. i.e. Situ Bagendit, Ciherang, Inpari 8, and Inpari 13 under legowo 2: 1 (20 cm x 10 cm x 40 cm) and square (20 cm x 20 cm) planting system. The experiment was conducted in ICRR experimental station in Sukamandi during DS 2012 following split-plot design of two replications with The spacing system as the main plot and genotype as a subplot. Transplanting was conducted at 21 days after sowing into 3 m x 7 m plots of 1 - 3 seedlings/hill. The results showed that the interaction between genotypes and spacing systems was identified only for plant height. There were differences among genotypes on plant height, tiller number, unfilled grain/panicle, 1000 grain weight and yield. The spacing systems affected The tiller number and yield. Huanghuazhan (8.81 t/ha) had highest yield, higher than The best check Ciherang (7.81 t/ha). FFZ1, IR 83140-B-11-B, IR 83142-B-19-B, WTR 1 dan Zhongzu 14 considered to be adapted for legowo planting system.
Performance of high yielding varieties of rice in two planting season in the irrigated lowlands of South Kalimantan
Authors: Noor Aidi , Ningsih Rina Dirgahayu , Yasin Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Lowlands in South Kalimantan are only about 54,455 ha (9.9%) of the total rice field area of 549,988 ha, most of them are irrigated paddy field that has been planted twice. The average productivity of rice in South Kalimantan is still low, which is around 4.46 t/ha milled dry grain. Rice productivity can be increased by the use of new high yielding varieties. In paddy fields, the use of new high yielding varieties with 2 seasons plantations is expected to increase rice production in the 2017 year in South Kalimantan which produces 2.25 million tons of rice. To find out the adaptation and yield of high-yielding rice, a study has just been carried out in rice fields in South Kalimantan. The activity was carried out in the village of Harapan Masa, Tapin Selatan sub-district, South Kalimantan district during the two planting seasons: Rainy season 2015/2016 and dry season 2016. Rice planted in rainy season 2015/2016 are varieties of Inpari-9, Inpari-20, inpari-21, and inpari-31, while in the dry season 2016 are varieties of Inpari-9, Inpari-30, inpari-31 and inpari-33. The results of the study showed that the average yield in the rainy season was higher (7.05 t/ha) compared to the results in the dry season 6.47 t/ha). In the rainy season, the highest yield was obtained in the Inpari-31 variety (7.95 t/ha), while in the dry season the highest grain yield was obtained by the Inpari-30 variety (6.99 t/ha). Inpari-9 and Inpari-31 varieties which were planted in the rainy season yielded higher yields of 7.30 t/ha and 7.95 t/ha respectively compared to those planted in the dry season of 6.29 t/ha and 6.19 t / ha.
Opportunities for improving rice production in sub-obtimal lands South Kalimantan
Authors: Yasin Muhammad , Noor Aidi , Ningsih Rina Dirgahayu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The wetland agroecosystem in South Kalimantan is very diverse and mostly is sub-optimal land such as rainfed area of 172,074 ha, tidal swamp 188,908 ha, swamp area 135,504 ha, while irrigated paddy fields are only 55,116 ha. Paddy fields that have been planted with rice and can be harvested in 2017 covering an area of 506,126 ha with average productivity of 4.46 t / ha resulting in a total grain of 2,258,261 tons. The productivity of lowland rice in South Kalimantan is still below the average national rice productivity which reaches 5.18 t/ha. The constraints on the production of wetland rice in South Kalimantan vary depending on the type of land such as fluctuations in water (flooding, droughts), acid soils, the presence of toxicity of elements, not yet optimal water management in the swamps land, drought, nutrient deficiency in rainfed land. The area of upland rice plantations in the dryland of South Kalimantan is 63,170 ha, generally local varieties with average productivity of 3.07 t/ha. The development obstacles of upland rice in dry land include soil acidity, low organic matter, nutrient deficiency, competition in land use with other food crops and plantation crops. Rice production in South Kalimantan still has the opportunity to increase in the planting area and productivity. With the gap exist between rice productivity and the potential yield of new superior varieties, the use of other cultivation technologies application still provide opportunities to increase rice productivity in South Kalimantan. The addition of lowland rice planting area can be done by utilizing un-cultivated paddy fields (74,817 ha), the increase in planting index (PI) which is still low (PI 200 is only 9.14%). The addition of upland rice fields can be done on dry land fields with an area of 345,669 ha, or intercropping on plantation land (rubber, oil palm) that has not yet produced (183,539 ha).
Growth and yield of various soybean variety (Glycine max L. merril) with mycorrhizal application
Authors: Subaedah St. , Said NettyS. , Ralle Andi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSoybean demand from year to year is increasing in line with an increase in population and increasing people’s understanding of nutritious food, while soybean production is still very low. Therefore, various efforts continue to be made to increase soybean production, for example by selecting high-yielding varieties and improving soil fertility. This research was conducted with the aim of increasing soybean crop production by selecting appropriate varieties and improving soil fertility by application mycorrhizal biofertilizers. This research was conducted in the form of experiments in the district of Takalar, South Sulawesi, which took place from April to July 2019. The experiment was designed with the Split Plot Design. As the main plot is the treatment of varieties consisting of 3 types, namely: Anjasmoro varieties, Argomulyo varieties and Gema. As a subplot is the provision of mycorrhizae consisting of two levels, namely without the application of mycorrhizae and mycorrhizal applications. From these two factors, 6 treatment combinations were obtained and were repeated three times, so that 18 experimental units were obtained. The results showed that there was an effect of varieties treatment and mycorrhizal application on plant growth and soybean crop production. The use of Gema varieties and their interactions with the application of mycorrhizae produce the highest soybean plants. The parameters of production components and soybean production indicate that mycorrhizal application produces the highest number of productive branches, while the use of Anjasmoro and Argomulyo varieties produces the highest number of pods, pod weight and dry seed production per ha.
Effect of boron on flowering, yield components and grain yield of two prolific maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids
Authors: Alimuddin Suraedah , Musa Yunus , Azrai Muhammad , Asrul Laode 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Maize is one of the strategic commodities in economic development in Indonesia. The need for maize in Indonesia continues to increase. Adequacy of nutrients affects the physiological process, where Boron (B) is one of the essential nutrients for optimal plant growth, development, yield, and quality. Nutrition B is important in the development of reproductive organs, components of corn and grain yield. This study aims to examine the effect of B on growth and flowering and its effect on yield components and grain yields of prolific maize hybrid. The study was conducted using Separate Plot Design, as the main plot was Bisi 2 variety and Nasa 29 while subplot was level B: 0 kg B ha-1, 0.25 kg B ha-1, and 0.50 kg B ha-1, by foliar application. The results showed that There is no significant difference between Bisi 2 Variety and NASA 29 in flowering parameters, yield components and yield of seeds except for the number of tassel branches and 1000 grains weight. application B up to 0.50 kg B ha−1 showed the highest results and significantly increased the number of tassel branches 5.10%, tassel length 8.62%, and silk dry weight of 29.54%, cob length 6.89%, grain weight per plant 15.69%, 1000 grains weight 8.36% and grain yield (moisture content 15%) 15.80% of 0 kg B ha−1. Application B 0.50 kg B ha−1 can be recommended in the Bisi 2 and Nasa 29 especially in low soils B.
Growth and results response of two soybean varieties toward fertilizing package at acid dry land in Aceh Province
Authors: Ferayanti Fenty , Idawanni  , Ismail M. , Asis  , Pakpahan Lamhot Edy , Andriani Rini , Bakar Basri A. , Fitria Eka , Rahmi Cut Hilda , Syarif Abdul Syukur 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Acidic dry land is a potential suboptimal land as a source of agricultural production with proper management and utilization. The aim of this research is to determine the growth response and soybean yields of Kipas Merah and Demas varieties to several fertilizer packages. This research was conducted in July to October 2018 in Pidie Jaya Regency of Aceh Province. The study design used a randomized block design (RBD) with 3 replications and in each treatment set 15 plants as samples. The first factor is the variety (V), that is V1 = Kipas Merah; V2 = Demas. The second factor is fertilization package (P) consisting of 2 (two) levels: P1 (specific location) (2 tons/ha organic fertilizer, ameliorant 500 kg/ha and NPK 150 kg/ha); P2 (Recommendation) (urea 75 kg/ha, SP-36 100 kg/ha, KCl 100 kg/ha, ameliorant 500 kg/ha). The results showed the Demas variety with the recommended package gave the highest production of 1.97 tons/ha.
Evaluation of inorganic fertilization dose of maize hybrid in rainfed lowland Nganjuk East Java
Authors: Handayati Wahyu , Sihombing Donald 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
To obtain a recommedation for rational and efficient inorganic fertilizing, a study was conducted in Gejagan village, Loceret, Nganjuk Regency East Java Province from June to November 2016. A randomized block design was used with 3 replications. The type and dose fertilizer were used as atreatment i.e. T1. 850 kg urea + 300 kg NPK Posnka ha−1 (general farmers practise); T2. 650 kg urea + 150 kg ZA + 300 kg ha−1 NPK Ponska (a few farmers practise); T3. 300 kg urea + 300 kg NPK Ponska; T4. 350 kg urea + 325 kg (based on Upland Soil Test Kit + Leaf color chart); T5. 250 kg urea + 325 kg NPK Ponska T6. 450 kg urea + 250 kg NPK Ponska; and T7. 550 kg urea + 250 kg NPK Poska. HJ 21 variety was used as an indicator plant. The treatment significantly affected plant height, stalk diameter and leaf length, cob diameter, kernel weight, net kernel weight and yield. The highest yield was obtained in the T1 and T2. Based on the revenue due to the use of inorganic fertilizers, T4 was more profitable than T1 and recommended as a basis for location-specific fertilizer application.
Adaptation of new superior rice varieties at the altitude of 1600 masl in Jayawijaya Papua
Authors: Kasim Arifuddin , Laksono Pandu , Rumbarar Merlin K. , Thamrin M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Adaptation of new high yielding highland rice varieties in Jayawijaya Regency, Papua Province. The research was carried out from June to September 2017 in Jayawijaya, Papua. The aims were to determine the appearance and productivity results of new high yielding rice varieties at an altitude of 1600 m above sea level. The study used a Randomized Block Design and each treatment was repeated 4 times. There were 4 (four) new superior varieties tested and one local variety as a comparison. Inpari 26, Inpari 27, Inpari 28 and Sarinah have been used for the treatment while the comparison variety was existing varieties (local Toraja). Component of growth and a component of production were collected as the parameter. The results showed that the superior variety of Inpari 28 provided the highest adaptability and yield which obtained 4.94 t / ha (MPD) and the age of the pan was also faster than other varieties. It showed the deepest age was obtained by local varieties 190 days after spread.
Evaluation of prolific hybrids maize performance on different population densities and nitrogen level
Authors: Efendi R , Baharuddin  , Herawati  , Andayani N N , Kalqutny S H , Azrai M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Prolificacy in maize is an adaptability character, with influence on production capacity and production stability. Prolificacy is the maize natural property to develop more ears on the same plant. Prolificacy maize can produce more than one ear per plant so it can increase the production per unit area of land. In addition, prolific maize is able to utilize the growth factors more efficiently and has higher yield stability compared to non-prolific maize. Prolific hybrid maize is also reported to be more tolerant to low humidity during the pollination and kernel filling phases. This study aims to determine the prolific percentage and yield of maize hybrid tested at different levels of population density and nitrogen fertilization. The study was conducted in September-December 2017 in Gowa using two candidates varieties of hybrid maize and NASA 29 and Bisi 2 variety as comparisons. The experiments were arranged in a split-plot design with three replications. The main plot is the spacing, ie. double spacing (50+100 cm) x 25 cm (Population of 53,333 plants/ha) and (50+110 cm) x 20 cm (Population of 62,500 plants/ha) and (50 + 100 cm) x 20 cm (Population of 66,666 plants/ha). The subplots were the level of N fertilizer (150 and 225) kg N/ha), The sub-sub plot was the prolific hybrid genotypes (candidate for the multilocation test) and two check varieties of Bisi 2 and NASA 29. The result indicated that Bisi-2 variety has a high prolific percentage of 51.30%. 2. The Nasa-29 variety has the highest total kernel yield production of 11.5 t/ha. 3. Significant increase in yield per unit area can be achieved by assembling varieties that have a high percentage of prolific and average kernel weight per prolific plant ≥50% compared to the single-eared plants.
The distribution and impact of fall army worm (Spodoptera frugiperda) on maize production in North Sumatera
Authors: Girsang Setia S. , Nurzannah Sri Endah , Girsang Moral A. , Effendi Roy 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Maize is the second most important cereal crop in the world after wheat, contributing substantially to the total cereal grain production in the world economy as a trade, food, feed, and industrial grain crop. The presence of S. frugiperda or Fall Armyworm (FAW) and climate change has affected the corn productivity in North Sumatra. The objective is to determine the distribution and impact of FAW on maize production in North Sumatra. The method used was a survey, observation, and interview farmers and extensions, also secondary data of the FAW attacked from the North Sumatra Food Crops and Horticulture Protection unit (January to August 2019). Sampling was done by simple random sampling with 30 respondents. Analysis data in the form of agronomic advantages and FAW distribution were mapped by overlaying the district administration map with the corn area that was attacked using ArcView GIS. The results showed that the heaviest attack in Karo District was 1,729.9 ha started at 25 days after planting until flowering. The effect of FAW is an increase in production costs by 4.2%, reduction production by 26.6% wherein labour is the highest cost production. Rainfall and wind speed factors have a positive and negative influence on the development of FAW in North Sumatra, early anticipation at the beginning of the plant growth period can reduce the impact on corn production and cost.
Utilization of antagonistic bacteria Bacillus subtilis to control Fusarium verticilloides on corn
Authors: Suriani  , Djaenuddin Nurasia , Muis Amran 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Among a number of important diseases in maize plants, the disease caused by fungi Fusarium verticilloides needs attention because this fungus can cause decay on corn stalks and cobs causing economic losses. The aim of this study was to test several levels of the dosage formulations of B. subtilis BNt4 and TM3 to suppress the incidence of F. verticilloides in corn plants. F. verticilloides isolates were propagated by toothpick contamination method. The experiment was conducted in Bajeng Experimental Farm in 2018. The treatment was arranged in Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 3 replications. The first factor was the formulation of B. subtilis consisting of 2 strains namely B. subtilis BNt4 (F1) formulation and B. subtilis TM3 (F2) formulation. The second factor was the dosage application for antagonistic bacterial formulations. The results of the study showed that the application of the B. subtilis formulation, in general, is able to suppress the incidence of F. verticilliodes on corn plants both on the stem and on the seeds. The application of B. subtilis TM3 formulation at a dose of 2.5 kg/ha gave the highest inhibition to the severity of Fusarium stem rot at 53.49%. The effect is implicated to the quality of seeds by showing the lowest percentage of ear rot which is 3.81%. This disease control technique I able to reduce the yield loss and the decreased quality of the maize grain due to F. verticilloides infection.
Histological changes in the midgut of Spodoptera litura larvae exposured by the extract of Mirabilis jalapa leaves
Authors: Suryani A. Irma , Hariani Nova , Majid Ahmad Fudhail , Amalia Desy Nita 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Mirabilis jalapa in Indonesia is better known as Bunga Pukul Empat (the four o‘clock flower) which has the potential a natural insecticide to overcome pests in agricultural crops, such as Spodoptera litura insects. If S. litura larva is infected by toxic compounds, it will cause larval mortality which can be observed in the midgut (middle intestine). This research used a Completely Randomized Design of 4 treatments with 1 control and 4 times of iteration in each treatment using 0% (control), 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.6% (b/v) of M. jalapa leave extract concentration. The observation result of S. litura midgut histological structure showed that the higher concentration of M. jalapa leaf extract, the more damage occurred in its midgut tissue. Microphotography at a concentration of 0.2%; 0.4%; and 0.8% showed that some cells have undergone swelling, disintegration, and lysis. The worst damage was found at the concentration of 1.6%, in which the basal of epithelial cells undergone a wide range of disintegration, peritrophic membrane disappeared, all epithelial cell lysis, muscular layer became thin, the structure of basement membrane was indistinct, the form of goblet cells became irregular, and the longitudinal muscle disappeared. Based on the results, extract of M. jalapa has potential as a botanical biopesticide.
Prospect of specialty maize as functional food to support food diversification in Indonesia
Authors: Suarni  , Aqil Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Functional maize contains various advantages over normal maize in term of usage not only since milk stage but also harvest stage. Another advantage of functional maize is the diversity of colors such as read, yellow, purple, and black with different physicochemical character. Physicochemical character of maize is the main base to choose variety that appropriate with the preferred product, by count the functional food element. Maize color is the clue of high compound content that has health benefits. For example, anthocyanin contained in purple and black maize, carotene compound in yellow and red maize, Fe mineral in red maize. Those compounds are antioxidant, mineral which needed for human health. Maize-based food products contain dietary fiber with antioxidant content hat very needed by health specially to anticipate degenerative diseases. Another challenges of specialty maize are raw materials availability and food diversification support from government. The abundant maize germplasm in Indonesia is adequate to develop, with touches of variety development and cultivation technology that can increase production will transform the special maize become functional food material that has high value. In Indonesia, MOA has released various functional maize such as QPM maize, Provit A maize, waxy maize and purple maize. This paper discussed the development of functional maize research in Indonesia and its contribution for supporting food diversity in Indonesia.
Rice productivity on tidal swampland in the agricultural assisitance area program in Barito Kuala Regency South Kalimantan
Authors: Ningsih Rina Dirgahayu , Yasin Muhammad. , Noor Aidi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Food needs that continue to increase rapidly along with population growth and the conversion of optimal paddy fields to non-agricultural land make sub-optimal land an alternative rice-producing land. One of the sub-optimal land being developed for use as a source of rice production is tidal land. The purpose of this research is to improve the productivity and feasibility of rice farming by supervising double row technology in tidal land in Barito Kuala Regency. The performance of rice the new superior varieties of Inpara 2, inpara 8, inpari 32, inpari 40 and inpari 42 in the tidal swampland in the 2018 dry season are quite good. How to plant with super double row planting increases productivity by 43% compared to ordinary planting. The highest productivity with super double row is Inpara 2 variety (5.83 t / ha), then inpari 42 (5.19 t/ha), Inpara 8 (4.78 t/ha), Inpari 40 (4.23 t/ha), Inpara 3 (3.85 t / ha) and Inpari 32 (2.54 t/ha). The planting method with super double row gives an RC ratio of 2.07 and a R/C ratio of 1.07. Whereas the R/C ratio planting of the farmer way is 1.60. And the MBCR (marginal benefit-cost ratio) super double row 2.41. This shows that rice farming using super double row provides benefits and worth applying.
Farmer perception of utilization of rice ransplanterin Aceh Besar
Authors: Mardhiah Ainal , Khumaira  , Azis Abdul , Basri A. , Bakar  , Panikkai S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
During the last two years, agricultural mechanization technology has been very widely introduced to farmers in Aceh to increase agricultural production, especially rice. One of the mechanizations that were introduced to farmers as an alternative solution to overcome the limited planting labour is the Rice Transplanter. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of farmers’ perceptions of the use of Rice Transplanter technology in Indrapuri District, Aceh Besar District. This research uses the case study method in the research location. The sampling technique was intentionally “Proposive Sampling” with the consideration that the population in this study had used a rice transplanter machine, with a population of 20 farmers scattered in two villages, Aneuk Glee and Lam Ilei. Data obtained in the form of primary data through interviews with respondents and secondary data as supporting data. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis using a Likert scale. The linkert scale used is divided into 3 levels: 1 (low), 2 (medium), and 3 (high). The results showed that the total perception score of farmers who used a rice transplanter machine was 809 and was at the perception index of 82.2% which was included in the high category. This means that with the presence of a rice transplanter machine, farmers can save on the use of production costs at every harvest season, in addition to the level of appropriateness of the use of machinery on this paddy field also meets the criteria so that it is easy to traverse and plant rice seeds. Farmers’ perception of the use of Rice Transplanter machines in IndrapuriSubdistrict is high because in terms of profits it is better than the manual method (using sickle), so it is evident that the production costs incurred are lower than in conventional systems.