bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilience of Hmong Older Adults: Coping With Loneliness
Authors: Vang Cindy , Sieng Michael , Zheng Mingyang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Older refugees are especially susceptible to loneliness with their history of trauma, forced migration, and social isolation in host countries. Rates of loneliness among older immigrants range from 24% to 50%. Despite their heightened vulnerability to loneliness, coping mechanisms among this population remain understudied. The purpose of this study was to examine how community-dwelling Hmong older adults, an aging refugee group, cope with loneliness. The data was drawn from a larger constructivist grounded theory study aimed at understanding the loneliness experiences of community-dwelling Hmong older adults. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted in the Hmong language with 17 Hmong age 65 and older residing in Northern California. Data was collected and analyzed in an iterative and comparative process using initial coding, focused coding, and connecting the focused codes to form categories and subcategories. Five coping mechanisms emerged from the data: (a) religious and spiritual beliefs; (b) social support; (c) wandering; (d) activity engagement; and (e) avoidance and control. Coping mechanisms utilized by Hmong older adults in this study highlighted the resilience of this aging population and the lack of culturally-relevant programs to prevent and address their persistent loneliness and emotional distress. Implications for research, practice, and policy suggests the need for greater culturally- and linguistically-competent services informed by Hmong older adults.
Barriers and Facilitators to Housing With Services: Lessons From The Right Care, Right Place, Right Time Program
Authors: Miller Edward , Simpson Elizabeth , Nadash Pamela , Shellito Natalie , Jansen Taylor , Lin Yan , Cohen Marc 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Right Care, Right Place, Right Time initiative (R3) was developed to enable seniors to remain at home as long as possible, while reducing health care costs. It was implemented in four senior housing communities in the Greater Boston area, and consists of two on-site wellness teams (wellness nurse, wellness coordinator), each responsible for about 200 participants across two housing sites. This study aimed to understand barriers and facilitators to implementing R3. Data derived from 31 semi-structured interviews with R3 staff, housing personnel, and community partners (e.g., first responders), as well as 150 key program documents. Facilitating factors in implementing R3 included: top-level management support; formal and informal mechanisms of communication between wellness team members and building staff; substantial discretion, flexibility, and creativity provided to wellness team members; and daily ambulance reports from first responders. Barriers to implementing R3 included: impediments to resident recruitment/engagement; initial role confusion between wellness team members and existing building staff; limited wellness team time at individual intervention sites; challenges establishing systematic relationships with case management staff from the hospitals, AAAs, and insurance companies; and the decentralized approach to data tracking and information exchange. This study suggests several lessons for implementing housing with services initiatives such as R3. Top-level support and buy-in at the organizational level is essential to program development and implementation. Despite early challenges, key program elements can improve over time (communication, data processes, role clarity). Establishing trust with both R3 participants and housing staff is key to building relationships that promote program success.
The Developmental Context of Social Hopefulness and Suicide Risk
Authors: Molaie Ali , Chong Adrienne , Fisher Jane 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Social disconnectedness, or thwarted belongingness (TB) has been documented as an important risk factor for suicide across the lifespan. Perceived time left (PTL) may impact perceptions of hopelessness for social connectedness and therefore inform developmentally sensitive trajectories of suicide risk. This study examined interpersonal conditions associated with social hopelessness in younger and older adults in order to identify variables important for conceptualizing suicidality across the lifespan. We compared younger and older adults’ perceptions of social hopelessness for characters in vignettes that were depicted as having high or low TB (i.e., described as lonely or not lonely) and high or low PTL (i.e., described as being 35-years-old or 85-years-old). Additionally, we examined the relation between social hopelessness and suicide risk (using the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire—Revised). Participants included 135 younger (M = 19.32) and 69 older (M = 74.91) adults. Older adults endorsed less social hopelessness than did younger adults on the High TB/Low PTL vignette, t(102.15) = -4.88, p &lt; 0.001, as well as the Low TB/Low PTL vignette, t(194) = -2.04, p = 0.04. Participants with higher suicide risk also endorsed higher social hopelessness on the High TB/Low PTL vignette than did participants with lower suicide risk, t(194) = -2.10, p = 0.04. Younger adults and participants with higher suicide risk across both age groups reported less optimism for characters’ future social connectedness, particularly for those portrayed as older. This study provides support for the importance of developmentally informed conceptualizations of risk factors for suicide, including social hopelessness.
I'd Rather Be . . . : Activities Older Adults Reported Leading to Decreased Engagement With Cognitive Training
Authors: Harrell Erin , Roque Nelson 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
One modifiable risk factor of dementia is cognitive inactivity. Given cognitive ability is closely tied to continual performance of instrumental activities of daily living, cognitive training programs continue to be explored as a way to boost cognition and allow older adults to remain independent longer. While the efficacy of cognitive training is controversial, identifying activities older adults are willing to limit in exchange for cognitive training provides valuable information in relation to designing cognitive training programs that appeal to older adults. Using a qualitative approach, this study highlights activities older adults (ages 64+) noted as contributing to decreased gameplay of a cognitive training program on a tablet device. We found that respondents (61%) noted playing less as a result of entertainment activities (i.e., reading and playing games), social activities (31%) and travel (27%). Findings have implications for device form factor in administering cognitive training and other programs.
Predictors of Cancer Detection Behaviors Among Older Nigerian Men
Authors: Brodie Kelsey , Esiaka Darlingtina , Nwakasi Candidus 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Recent research emerging from Nigeria suggest an increasing mortality due to cancer, especially among older Nigerian men who are at a higher risk of being diagnosed at fatal or advanced stage of cancer. With older age as a significant risk factor for cancer development such as prostate cancer in men, this study explored factors that influence cancer detection behavior among aging Nigerian men. Specifically, we examined possible predictors of current and future intentions to engage in early cancer detection behaviors among Nigerian men. Participants (N=143), with a mean age of 44.73 (SD = 6.15), responded to measures assessing health (cancer detection behaviors), social (masculinity, self-esteem, attachment), and psychological (active coping) factors. Demographic and ecological questions were also included in the survey. Results revealed that education, masculinity, and anxious attachment were significant predictors of current cancer detection behavior. Education, masculinity, and anxious attachment also predicted future cancer screening intentions. We discuss the implication of result for health policy, health education and cancer prevention interventions for Nigerian men and for the global campaign for early cancer detection.
Promoting the Positive Experience of Caregiving: A Systematic Review of the Positive Aspects of Caregiving Scale
Authors: Lee Yeonjung , Li Lun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
While caregivers endure considerable challenges, including potentially deleterious effects on their own well-being, the possibility of positive outcomes for caregivers, such as feeling rewarded and satisfied, has been recognized in scholarly research as well. Caregiving outcomes can be complicated by different aspects of caregiving experiences. Particularly, the Positive Aspect of Caregiving (PAC) scale covers four main positive aspects including caregiving personal gains, motivation for caregiving role, caregiver satisfaction, as well as self-esteem and social aspect of caring. The objective of this study is to summarize the research findings based on the PAC scale and further improve the understanding of the positive experience perceived by caregivers. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify the existing evidences. This systematic review identified empirical research studies written in English focusing on a PAC scale that were published in a peer-reviewed journal between 2004 and 2018. Systematic search was carried out within 10 databases. After careful review of 193 abstracts yielded from the databases, 38 journal articles were identified to have used the PAC scale. Analysis of the selected literature provides four themes that how PAC has been used. The themes are to measure caregiving outcomes, test the effect of caregiver program intervention, complement other caregiving outcome scales, and test the validity in other languages and countries. This systematic review highlights the importance of taking into account of the positive experience of caregiving and further to promote it in a way of buffering the negative outcomes of caregiving.
Intergenerational Mentoring on Health Promotion to Improve Healthy Lifestyles Among Latino Families
Authors: Kopera-Frye Karen , Graboski-Bauer Ashley , Gonzalez-Marquez Ana Luisa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
New Mexico now has the 32nd highest adult obesity rate; approximately one-third are Latinos. Obesity rates in NM for children aged 2-11 years range from 11 – 14%. Mentoring as a health promotion or intervention strategy has become widespread. However, few programs have focused on several generations reciprocally influencing each other in healthy behaviors. Project I’M HIP (Intergenerational Mentoring Health Information Pathways)’s goals included: Providing an innovative, multigenerational educational program to promote greater maternal, child, and grandparent well-being, healthier lifestyle behaviors, and support continued healthy home environments by empowering the families with knowledge. Three cohorts of 30 families (1 parent, 1 child, 1 grandparent/other relative) were recruited for Program I’M HIP. This Program utilized culturally sensitive Evidence-Based Programs (EBPs). Monthly educational sessions focused on physical activity and adapting meals to be healthy. Project outcomes included exercise frequency, Body Mass Index (BMI), and a knowledge quiz assessing healthy meal facts, exercise knowledge via a 10-item quiz; all assessments pre- and post-program. Program outcomes included: 100% of the parents shared at least 1 fact on nutrition or exercise with other relatives, thus affecting another household; paired t-test analyses revealed significant changes in knowledge quiz total scores (t 70 = 5.03, p &lt; .0001), increased exercise frequency (t 72 = 2.106, p &lt; .05); no significant change in BMI from pre- to post-assessments; and children corrected their parents on proper diet; all demonstrating the reciprocal mentoring effects of parent, child, and other relative on health behaviors.
Oral Health and Dental Care in Older Korean Immigrants: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Jang Yuri , Rhee Min-Kyoung , Hyeon Jeong Chung , Choi Eun Young , Park Juyoung , Park Nan Sook 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Many segments of the U.S. population continue to experience a disproportionate burden of oral disease and inequities in dental care, and older Asian immigrant populations are among those at high risk. Responding to the needs to attend to ethnic and geographic variations among older Asian Americans and to better understand contextual factors that shape their experiences of oral health and dental care, the present study conducted in-depth interviews with eighteen older Korean immigrants in the Los Angeles Greater area. The qualitative inquiries were theoretically guided by the three core categories of the Andersen’s (1968, 1997) health service model: oral health needs, service barriers, and service outcomes. Using the constant comparison method, themes and sub-themes within each category were derived. The eight themes emerged from the qualitative data were: (1) oral health problems, (2) perceived need, (3) insurance and finance, (4) language barriers, (5) social support, (6) knowledge and belief, (7) satisfaction with service, and (8) areas of improvement. The findings demonstrated varied experiences associated with oral health and dental care of older Korean immigrants and informed the development of services and programs responsive to the identified needs and barriers.
Physical Health Constraints and Psychological Distress in Older Asian Americans: The Role of Perceived Health
Authors: Yoon Hyunwoo , Jang Yuri , Kim Seoyoun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Given the importance of understanding the underlying dynamics of physical and mental health in old age, the present study explored the roles of physical health constraints in predicting subjective health perception and psychological distress among older Asian Americans. Guided by the Health Belief Model, we also examined whether subjective health perception would function as a mediator in the link between physical health constraints and psychological distress. Using data from 533 Asian Americans aged 60 and over (mean age=69.4, SD=6.88) in the 2016 Asian American Quality of Life Study, the direct and indirect effect models were tested with multivariate linear regressions and the PROCESS macro. Advanced age, unmarried status, lower levels of acculturation, and more chronic physical conditions were significant predictors of psychological distress. When subjective health perception was added to the model, an additional 5% of the variance was accounted for, resulting in 25% of the total variance explained by the estimated model. Negative health perception was a significant predictor of increased level of psychological distress. Supporting the mediation hypothesis, all direct paths among physical health constraints, subjective health perception, and psychological distress were significant. The indirect effect of physical health constraints on psychological distress through subjective health perception status was significant, as evidenced by the 95% bootstrap confidence interval for the indirect effect not containing zero (.07, .28). The findings not only help better understand the psychological mechanisms that underlie physical health constraints and psychological distress but also suggest avenues for interventions.
Stress, Hope, and Depression Among Older Adults Living in Public Housing
Authors: Montpetit Mignon , James-Smith LaKeesha , Gourley Amy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Individuals living in public housing often experience myriad stressors related to poverty and mental illness. The current study explores how hope impacts the relationship between stress and depression in a sample of adults (aged 51-90 years; Mage= 63.3 years; SDage= 8.6 years) living in public housing. Questionnaire data were collected before and after running an intervention geared toward improving residents’ well-being. Results of the initial questionnaire study suggest that hope moderates the stress -&gt; depression relationship (p = .001), with effects in the expected directions: individuals exhibiting higher-than-average levels of stress and below-average hope reported the highest levels of depression. Data further suggest modest increases in hope post-intervention (p = .06). Overall, results suggest that hope may be important in helping mitigate the impact of life stress on vulnerable individuals, and that it can be augmented in the context of a short-term, cost-effective intervention.
Traditional Cultural Practices Provide More Frequent Feelings of Happiness and Calm for Native American Elders
Authors: Adamsen Collette , Danielson Ramona 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Though American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian (AI/AN/NH) elders are an understudied population, available data demonstrates higher rates of depressive symptoms among these elders. In addition, AI/AN/NH elders are a medically underserved population, with geographic isolation a common barrier to accessing emotional/mental health services. However, cultural practices are important sources of resilience for AI/AN/NH elders. Survey data from “Identifying our Needs: A Survey of Elders” Cycle VI (2014-2017), conducted by the National Resource Center on Native American Aging, were analyzed using ordinal logistic regression; N=18,134 adults age 55+ from 164 tribal survey sites. Respondents indicated how often (from none to all of the time) they participate in cultural practices (e.g., traditional food, music, customs). Frequency of participation varied; 27% of elders reported participating in traditional cultural practices a good bit of the time or more, 28% some of the time, 18% a little of the time, and 27% did not ever participate. We explored the relationship between frequency of cultural practices and frequency of feelings of happiness, calm/peacefulness, nervousness, and being downhearted/blue. A significant positive association was found between higher frequency of cultural participation and feelings of happiness and calm/peacefulness; no association was found with nervousness or depressive symptoms. While the frequency of participation by elders in cultural practices is directly related to better self-reported levels of happiness and peacefulness, nearly half (45%) never/almost never participated in these types of practices, which underscores the need to support availability of and elders’ participation in cultural practices.
Wicked Problems: An Exploration of Elder Mistreatment Complexity
Authors: Rowan Julia , Marnfeldt Kelly , Wilber Kathleen , Enguidanos Susan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Elder mistreatment (EM) complexity, while described anecdotally, lacks an empirical foundation for measurement. Improved knowledge on the range and nature of concurrent issues that complicate EM intervention would inform the development of more effective solutions and enable greater precision of evaluation research. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore factors contributing to complexity in a sample of EM cases that was selected based on difficulty reaching resolution. The sample was drawn from those reviewed by an experienced EM Multidisciplinary team (MDT) and determined to require long-term case management (n=39) beyond the capacity of the MDT’s usual response. Case manager narrative documentation of ongoing assessment and social service records were qualitatively coded by two researchers. Inductive content analysis, with iterative code reconciliation, was used to identify issues and problems both related and concurrent to EM. Eighteen themes and 74 sub-themes emerged, with 93% initial coding agreement between researchers. The most frequent themes were problems with Caregiving (80%), Cognition (80%), Physical Health (80%), Behavioral Health (69%), Socialization (64%), and Finances (62%). Refusal of formal services was common (90%), yet all accepted visitation by the case manager, suggesting informal support may be effective. Diversity, interconnectedness, and emergence of issues along the duration of case management indicates a system approach to intervention design and evaluation is warranted. This research underscores the need for holistic intervention for highly complex EM, and lays the foundation for objective measure of complexity to standardize selection for specialized intervention.
Adult Children’s Education Attainment and Parents’ Subjective Well-Being in China
Authors: Chen Dan , Tong Yuying 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Parent-child tie is important for parental later life due to insufficient old-age support in developing contexts. Parents often anticipate they would share the returns of children’s education for their early period investment. Previous studies show that adult children’s education is positively associated with parents’ survival and physical health in both low- and middle-income countries. What’s less discussed in literatures is the effect of adult children’s education on parental subjective wellbeing. Drawing the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), this study intends to explore the effect of adult children’s education attainment on parents’ life satisfaction. This study uses information from baseline wave in 2011 and latest wave in 2015 of CHARLS. The analytic sample restricts to adult children aged between 25 and 49 with the highest education among all children of a parent who are aged between 50 and 84. To handle the reversed causality, this study adopts lagged effect model and controls for baseline subjective wellbeing. Instrumental variables (IV) are also used to handle the endogeneity issue existing between children’s education and parental wellbeing to conclude a causal effect. The preliminary results without IV reveal that association between children’s schooling years and parents’ life satisfaction is non-linear. However, results with IV show that adult children’s schooling years are negative associated with parents’ life satisfaction. This study firstly draws attention on negative sides of children’s education attainment on parental subjective wellbeing which implies more studies to unfold the mechanisms underlying the association.
Dyadic Patterns of Marital Quality During Later Life
Authors: Bulanda Jennifer , Yamashita Taka , Brown J Scott 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Although earlier cross-sectional studies suggested a U-shaped curve in marital quality over the life course, recent longitudinal studies find stability or continual decline (Proulx, Ermer, & Kanter, 2017). It is important to better understand patterns of marital quality during later life, as marital quality is associated with older adults’ marital stability, health, and longevity. However, few studies have utilized couple-level data to examine marital quality trajectories, and only one has examined dyadic patterns during later life (Wickrama et al., 2020). We use nationally-representative data from the 2006-2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to examine positive and negative dimensions of marital quality among a sample of continuously-married couples over age 50 in which both partners provided data on marital quality at three time points (n = 1,389 couples). A survey-weighted latent growth curve model simultaneously examines two marital quality trajectories: own and spouse’s. Preliminary results show that mean baseline positive and negative marital quality are similar for own and spouse’s trajectories. Although growth rates are statistically non-significant for positive marital quality, the variance of growth rate is statistically significant for spouse’s trajectory (0.001, p &lt; 0.05), and greater baseline own positive marital quality is associated with negative growth of spouse’s positive marital quality. Growth rates are similar for own and spouse’s trajectories of negative marital quality, and variance of growth rate is statistically significant for spouse’s negative marital quality trajectory. Results point to stability in marital quality over time, and suggest the importance of using couple-level data.