bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor lysis syndrome in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: conventional treatment versus novel agents
Authors: Kassem Nancy , Ghazy Ahmed A. , Abu-Tineh Mohammad , Omar Nabil E. , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Chandra Prem , Ghasoub Rola , AbuTabar Osama S. , Yassin Mohamed A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Existing evidence on the difference in the incidence of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) patients receiving novel therapies versus patients receiving conventional therapies is limited and inconclusive. The aims of this planned systematic review and meta-analysis are therefore

Methods:
We will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis. Several electronic databases will be searched using predefined search terms to identify relevant studies. Eligible studies should report findings on the incidence of TLS in CLL patients. Primary observational studies with cross-sectional or prospective research design, case-control studies, and studies with experimental designs will be included. Study quality will be evaluated by 2 reviewers using the statistical methodology and categories described in the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook and preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses and other applicable guidelines. The meta-analysis will be performed and conducted using applicable standard statistical software like comprehensive meta-analysis and STATA.

Discussion:
This review and meta-analysis will be among the first to systematically explore and integrate the evidence available on the comparison between the incidences of TLS in CLL patients treated with novel agents versus conventional agents. By gathering and summarizing information about the risk of TLS in this patient population, the findings from this review will provide insights for future research directions and more understanding of the difference of TLS incidence between novel treatments and conventional treatment and suggest prophylactic measures for such cases.

Systematic review registration:
The protocol has been registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; registration number: CRD42020166770).
The protocol was registered with the Hamad medical corporation, Medical research Center registry under a unique reference number (MRC-01-20-709).
Comparison of Whitacre needle and Chiba needle on the incidence of intravascular injection during caudal epidural injections
Authors: Lee Jungwon , Kim Saeyoung , Park Sungsik , Kim Sioh , Youn Si-Jeong , Jeon Younghoon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Caudal epidural injection (CEI) is effective for lumbar spinal pain. However, accidental intravascular injection reduces therapeutic efficacy of CEI and leads to fatal complications such as hematoma, and neurologic deficit. Whitacre needle has been reported to be effective for reducing intravascular injection during transforaminal epidural injection, compared with Quincke needle. The bevel of Chiba needle is shorter than that of Quincke needle. In this study we compared Whitacre needle and Chiba needle on incidence of intravascular injection during CEI.
This was a single-blind, randomized clinical consort study. After institutional Review Board approval, a total of 164 patients underwent CEI were randomly allocated to one of 2 group (Whitacre needle or Chiba needle group). Intravascular injection was assessed with real-time fluoroscopy. In addition, total procedure time was measured. Data were compared between groups, and P < .05 was consideredstatistically significant.
There were no differences between groups in terms of patient demographic and clinical characteristics. There was no significant difference on incidence of intravascular injection between Whitacre and Chiba needle group (11% vs 19.5%, P = .192). However, the procedure time is significantly longer in the Whitacre than Chiba needle group (172.8 ± 53.8 sec vs 147.1 ± 61.1 sec, P = .005).

Based on current study, our results indicated that Whitacre needle was not effective to decrease the incidence of intravascular injection during CEI, compared to Chiba needle.
The incidence and prognostic effect of Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 gene internal tandem and nucleolar phosphoprotein 1 genes in acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Liu Heping , Zhang Xiaolian , Li Ming , Zhou Wei , Jiang Guangrong , Yin Weihua , Song Chunping 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background:
Molecular genotyping is an important prognostic role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. We aimed to design this meta-analysis to discuss the incidence and prognostic effect of nucleolar phosphoprotein 1 (NPM1) and Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 gene internal tandem (FLT3-ITD) gene in AML patients.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Cochrane library were systematically searched due to May 15, 2020. Four combinations of genotypes (FLT3-ITDneg/NPM1mut, FLT3-ITDpos/NPM1mut, FLT3-ITDneg/NPM1wt, FLT3-ITDpos/NPM1wt) were compared in association with the overall survival (OS) and leukemia-free survival (LFS) outcome, which expressed as pooled hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:
Twenty-eight studies were included in our study. The incidence of FLT3-ITDneg/NPM1mut, FLT3-ITDpos/NPM1mut, FLT3-ITDneg/NPM1wt, and FLT3-ITDpos/NPM1wt was 16%, 13%, 50%, and 10%, respectively. The patients with FLT3-ITDneg/NPM1mut gene may have the best OS and LFS when comparing with FLT3-ITDpos/NPM1mut (HR = 1.94 and 1.70, P < .01), FLT3-ITDneg/NPM1wt (HR = 1.57 and 2.09, P < .01), and FLT3-ITDpos/NPM1wt (HR = 2.25 and 2.84, P < .001).

Conclusion:
AML patients with FLT3-ITDneg/NPM1mut gene type have the best survival outcome than the other 3 gene types, which should be an independent genotyping in AML classification.
Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic stress and its effects on irritable bowel syndrome patients in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzahrani Mohammed A. , Alshamrani Ali S. , Ahmasani Ibrahim M. , Alahmari Fahad S. , Asiri Ali H. , Alshehri Abdullah M. , Alsamghan Awad S. , Awadalla Nabil J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 pandemic has affected the psychological health of people, causing a higher level of stress. Stress can exaggerate the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
To assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic stress on patients with IBS in Saudi Arabia.
A descriptive cross-sectional approach was used, which targeted accessible subjects with IBS from different regions of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected from participants using a structured electronic questionnaire, which captured the participants’ socio-demographic data, medical history, IBS clinical data, self-reported stress due to COVID-19, and its effect on IBS symptoms.
A total of 1255 IBS patients completed the questionnaire. About 63.4% of them reported stress due to the pandemic. The most frequently reported causes of stress were fear of infection occurring in the family, followed by fear of self-infection (43.5%), and death due to COVID-19 infection (17.2%). Most of the stressed participants (56.6%) reported that stress usually exaggerated IBS symptoms. Almost 22% of them consulted a physician for stress aggravation of the symptoms, 18.1% used sedatives due to stress, 9.2% modified IBS medications due to the stress, and 75.5% of the participants reported impaired daily activities due to symptoms exacerbation. Coexisting chronic morbidities and inability to differentiate between COVID-19 gastrointestinal symptoms and IBS symptoms were significantly associated with COVID-19 related stress (P = .039 and .001, respectively).
Two-thirds of IBS patients were stressed during the first few months of COVID-19 pandemic. Patients unable to differentiate between COVID-19 gastrointestinal tract symptoms and IBS symptoms, and patients suffering from chronic morbidities were more vulnerable. Pandemic stress exacerbated patients’ symptoms and impacted their activities of daily life.
The relationship between quantitative epicardial adipose tissue based on CT and coronary artery disease
Authors: Wu Baohua , Ren Zhuanqin , Du Zhengang , Zhang Lei , Hou Bin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background:
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a kind of visceral adipose tissue with close proximity to coronary artery and myocardium, which can secrete cell factor, and influence the physiological function and pathophysiological process of myocardium and coronary artery. Clinical imaging diagnosis showed that the volume and thickness of EAT exists a certain relevance with coronary artery disease, but it lacked evidence of evidence-based medicine. The research on the implementation of this program will systematically evaluate the relationship of computed tomography (CT) quantitative EAT and coronary artery disease.

Method:
The English databases (Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science) and Chinese database (CNKI, Wanfang, China biomedical database, VIP) of computer retrieval has collected the case control clinical study of relationship between EAT and coronary artery disease from the establishment of the database to October 2020, which was conducted extraction and quality evaluation by 2 researchers independently for data included in the study, and was conducted Meta-analysis for the included literature by adopting RevMan5.3 software.

Result:
The research evaluated the correlation between EAT and coronary artery disease through the EAT thickness, EAT volume, and other indexes.

Conclusion:
The research has provided reliable evidence-based evidence for the correlation between CT EAT quantification and coronary artery disease.

Ethics and dissemination:
We will not publish private information from individuals. This kind of systematic review does not involve harming the rights of participants. No ethical approval was required. The results can be published in peer-reviewed journals or at relevant conferences.

OSF Registration number:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/DVQNE
A prospective randomized controlled clinical trial of Pingmu Decoction combined with acupuncture in the treatment of non-active thyroid-related ophthalmopathy
Authors: Li Hongyan , Zheng Pengfei , Min Jie , Zhang Yali , Wang Wei , Zhang Jingwen , Li Hong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background:
Thyroid eye disease of orbital disease first, it is main and clinical expression with exophthalmos, visual impairment, serious influence patient's quality of life and beautiful, especially for the non-active Graves’ ophthalmopathy, there is no effective treatment methods at home and abroad, for the non-active thyroid eye disease only recommended surgery, but the procedure pain, poor curative effect, postoperative recurrence, most patients are difficult to accept. Pingmu Decoction can effectively reduce the degree of exophthalmus and TCM syndrome integral, and The combination therapy with acupuncture and moxibustion on the basis of Pingmu Decoction has achieved remarkable clinical effect, but the lack of rigorous evidence of evidence-based medicine (ebm). The test is designed to further evaluate flat mesh in active soup combined with acupuncture treatment of thyroid related ophthalmopathy card belongs to the yang qi-deficiency, phlegm and blood stasis block syndrome in patients with clinical efficacy and safety.

Methods/Design:
A prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial will be conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Pingmu Decoction combined with acupuncture in the treatment of non-active thyroid-related eye disease in patients with Yang qi deficiency and phlegm-blood stasis syndrome. A total of 120 patients with non-active thyroid-related eye disease, namely deficiency of Yang qi and blockage of phlegm and blood stasis, are randomly divided into 3 groups and treated for 12 weeks. All three groups will maintain basic western medicine treatment. The primary outcomes are to observe the degree of prominence of eyes, and the TCM syndrome scores. The secondary result is clinical efficacy. Free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb)will be used as the observation indicators in this study. In addition, adverse reactions will be observed and recorded as safety indicators.

Discussion:
The results of this trial will provide convincing evidence for the efficacy and safety of Pingmu Decoction combined with acupuncture in the treatment of patients with non-active thyroid-associated eye disease with deficiency of Yang qi and phlegm and blood stasis block, and it will expand the treatment options for patients with non-active thyroid-related eye disease.

Trial registration:
Clinical Trials.gov ID: ChiCTR2000039626. Registered on 3 November 2020.
The clinical efficacy of acupoint sticking combined with massage to treatment functional dyspepsia
Authors: Wu Xiaoyan , Jiang Weijun , Shi Chunxiang , Qian Hui , Fan Xinguo , Zhou Ping 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background:
The objective of this meta-analysis was to summarize and identify the available evidence from studies to estimate the clinical value of acupoint sticking combined with massage (ASM) in the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD), and provide clinicians with evidence on which to base their clinical decision making.

Methods:
This review will include all studies comparing clinical efficacy of ASM in the treatment of FD. The search strategy will be performed in 10 databases. We will not establish any limitations to language and publication status, published from inception to the August 2020. Two reviewers will screen, select studies, extract data, and assess quality independently. Outcome is alleviation of global dyspeptic symptoms, alleviation of individual dyspeptic symptoms, quality-of-life improvement, and safety. The methodological quality including the risk of bias of the included studies will be evaluated. We will carry out statistical analysis using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results:
This study will summarize current evidence to assess the efficacy and safety of ASM in the treatment of FD.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study will provide helpful evidence for the clinician, and will promote further studies, as well as studying the value of ASM.

Registration number:
INPLASY2020110072 (DOI number: 10.37766/inplasy2020.11.0072).
Human Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Broad-Spectrum Oral Antiviral Compound, Molnupiravir, with Activity Against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Painter Wendy P. , Holman Wayne , Bush Jim A. , Almazedi Firas , Malik Hamzah , Eraut Nicola C. J. E. , Morin Merribeth J. , Szewczyk Laura J. , Painter George R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMolnupiravir, EIDD-2801/MK-4482, the prodrug of the ribonucleoside analog ß-d-N4-hydroxycytidine (NHC), has activity against a number of RNA viruses including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus.Single and multiple doses of molnupiravir were evaluated in this first-in-human, phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in healthy volunteers, which included evaluation of the effect of food on pharmacokinetics.EIDD-1931 appeared rapidly in plasma, with a median time of maximum observed concentration of 1.00 to 1.75 hours, and declined with a geometric half-life of approximately 1 hour, with a slower elimination phase apparent following multiple doses or higher single doses (7.1 hours at the highest dose tested). Mean maximum observed concentration and area under the concentration versus time curve increased in a dose-proportional manner, and there was no accumulation following multiple doses. When administered in a fed state, there was a decrease in the rate of absorption, but no decrease in overall exposure.Molnupiravir was well tolerated. Fewer than half of subjects reported an adverse event, the incidence of adverse events was higher following administration of placebo, and 93.3% of adverse events were mild. One discontinued early due to rash. There were no serious adverse events and there were no clinically significant findings in clinical laboratory, vital signs, or electrocardiography. Plasma exposures exceeded expected efficacious doses based on scaling from animal models; therefore, dose escalations were discontinued before a maximum tolerated dose was reached.Clinical trial identifierThis study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT04392219.
Body site-specific and disease-specific virulome in the human microbiome
Authors: Liu Fei , Dong Wanting , Guo Yaqiong , Xiong Qian , Lu Na , Song Xiaofeng , Xue Yong , Cao Demin , Fan Xinyue , Fang Yuan , Li Zhiyuan , Cao Jian , Wang Yanan , Yang Guowei , Gao George F. , Zhao Fangqing , Zhu Baoli 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHuman body habitats are home to a diverse array of microbes, and within these microbial ecosystems, there are exchanges of genetic material, including virulence factors (VFs). Little is known about the diversity and abundance of VFs in different body sites and different types of diseases. We developed a virulome analysis pipeline using the species-specific sequence identity inferred from intraspecies ANI values to precisely assign reads to virulence factors. We characterized the human virulome from four body habitats, including the gut, oral cavity, skin, and vagina. Specifically, the diversity and abundance of VFs in the oral cavity were significantly higher than those in other body sites, including stool. We highlight the importance of sex-specific analysis when studying the human virulome. We analyzed data from more than 4,000 samples across healthy and diseased subjects and 13 types of diseases from different metagenomic sequencing studies to characterize the disease-specific virulome. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) has a more diverse virulome than other diseases tested. Notably, many VFs, including genes for secretion systems and toxins, are more abundant in diseased subjects than in healthy controls. We present, to our knowledge, the most comprehensive healthy and diseased virulome dataset yet created.
Isolation, identification and selection of bacteria with the proof-of-concept for bioaugmentation of whitewater from woodfree paper mills
Authors: Verdel Nada , Rijavec Tomaž , Rybkin Iaroslav , Erzin Anja , Velišček Žiga , Pintar Albin , Lapanje Aleš 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWhen whitewater circuits in the paper industry are closed, organic compounds accumulate and cause adverse production problems, such as the formation of slime and pitch. Since wood-free whitewater is usually a mixture of additives for paper production and an efficient cost-effective purification technology for their removal is lacking, the aim of our study was to find an effective bio-based strategy for whitewater treatment using a selection of indigenous bacterial isolates. We first obtained a large collection of bacterial isolates and then tested them individually for their ability to degrade the organic additives used in papermaking, i.e. carbohydrates, resin acids, alkyl ketene dimers, polyvinyl alcohol, latex, and azo and fluorescent dyes. Out of the 355 bacterial isolates, we selected a combination of four strains (Xanthomonadales bacteriumsp. CST37-CF,Sphingomonas sp.BLA14-CF,Cellulosimicrobiumsp. AKD4-BF andAeromonassp. RES19-BTP), which cover the entire spectrum of the tested organic additives. A proof-of-concept study in pilot scale was then performed by immobilizing the cells of our artificial bacterial consortium in a 33-liter tubular flow-through reactor with a retention time of <15 h. The combination of the four native strains enabled an 88% reduction in COD of whitewater even after 21 days. Additionally, we show that the bio-based whitewater treatment surpasses photolysis and photocatalysis.Graphical abstractHighlightsA strategy for selecting a consortium of indigenous bacteria with a high potential for bioaugmentation of wood-free whitewater is presented.Study of bacterial degradation of eight chemically diverse substances used in paper production is presented. Methods for the selection of bacteria suitable for industrial application were developed.The constructed artificial bacterial consortium consisted of strains belonging to generaXanthomonadales bacterium,Sphingomonas,AeromonasandCellulosimicrobium.The proof of concept of the industrial application, consisting of a 33-L-column filled with the immobilized artificial consortium, was an 88% decrease in COD of the whitewater effluent.
Transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling of young and aged spermatogonial stem cells reveals molecular targets regulating differentiation
Authors: Liao Jinyue , Suen Hoi Ching , Luk Alfred Chun Shui , Lee Tin-Lap 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTSpermatogonial stem cells (SSC), the foundation of spermatogenesis and male fertility, possess lifelong self-renewal activity. Aging leads to the decline in stem cell function and increased risk of paternal age-related genetic diseases. In the present study, we performed a comparative genomic analysis of mouse SSC (Oct4-GFP+/KIT-) and differentiating progenitors (Oct4-GFP+/KIT+) isolated from young and aged testes. Our transcriptome data revealed enormous complexity of expressed coding and non-coding RNAs and alternative splicing regulation during SSC differentiation. Further comparison between young and aged SSCs suggested these differentiation programs were affected by aging. We identified aberrant expression of genes associated with meiosis and TGF-β signaling, alteration in alternative splicing regulation and differential expression of specific lncRNAs such as Fendrr. Epigenetic profiling revealed reduced H3K27me3 deposition at numerous pro-differentiation genes during SSC differentiation as well as aberrant H3K27me3 distribution at genes in Wnt and TGF-β signaling upon aging. Finally, aged SSCs exhibited gene body hypomethylation, which is accompanied by an elevated 5hmC level. We believe this in-depth molecular analysis will serve as a reference for future analysis of SSC aging.
FOXO1 mitigates the SMAD3/FOXL2C134WTranscriptomic Effect in a Model of Human Adult Granulosa Cell Tumor
Authors: Secchi Christian , Benaglio Paola , Mulas Francesca , Belli Martina , Stupack Dwayne , Shimasaki Shunichi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundAdult granulosa cell tumor (aGCT) is a rare type of stromal cell malignant cancer of the ovary characterized by elevated estrogen levels. aGCTs ubiquitously harbor a somatic mutation inFOXL2gene, Cys134Trp (c.402C<G); however, the general molecular effect of this mutation and its putative pathogenic role in aGCT tumorigenesis is not completely understood. We previously studied the role of FOXL2C134W, its partner SMAD3 and its antagonist FOXO1 in cellular models of aGCT.MethodsIn this work, seeking more comprehensive profiling of FOXL2C134Wtranscriptomic effects, we performed an RNA-seq analysis comparing the effect of FOXL2WT/SMAD3 and FOXL2C143W/SMAD3 overexpression in an established human GC line (HGrC1), which is not luteinized, and bears normal alleles of FOXL2.ResultsOur data shows that FOXL2C143W/SMAD3 overexpression alters the expression of 717 genes. These genes include known and novel FOXL2 targets (TGFB2, SMARCA4, HSPG2, MKI67, NFKBIA) and are enriched for neoplastic pathways (Proteoglycans in Cancer, Chromatin remodeling, Apoptosis, Tissue Morphogenesis, Tyrosine Kinase Receptors). We additionally expressed the FOXL2 antagonistic Forkhead protein, FOXO1. Surprisingly, overexpression of FOXO1 mitigated 40% of the altered genome-wide effects specifically related to FOXL2C134W, suggesting it can be a new target for aGCT treatment.Conclusionsour transcriptomic data provide novel insights into potential genes (FOXO1 regulated) that could be used as biomarkers of efficacy in aGCT patients.