bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
End-of-life care quality outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries with hematologic malignancies
Authors: Egan Pamela C. , LeBlanc Thomas W. , Olszewski Adam J. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Patients with hematologic malignancies are thought to receive more aggressive end-of-life (EOL) care and have suboptimal hospice use compared with patients with solid tumors, but descriptions of EOL outcomes from comprehensive cohorts have been lacking. We used the population-based Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare dataset to describe hospice use and indicators of aggressive EOL care among Medicare beneficiaries who died of hematologic malignancies in 2008-2015. Overall, 56.5% of decedents used hospice services for median 9 days (interquartile range, 3-27), 33.0% died in an acute hospital setting, 36.8% had an intensive care unit (ICU) admission in the last 30 days of life, and 13.3% received chemotherapy within the last 14 days of life. Hospice use was associated with 96% lower probability of inpatient death (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 0.038; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.035-0.042), 44% lower probability of an ICU stay in the last 30 days of life (aRR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.54-0.57), and 62% decrease in chemotherapy use in the last 14 days of life (aRR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.35-0.41). Hospice enrollees spent on average 41% fewer days as inpatient during the last month of life (adjusted means ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.57-0.60) and had 38% lower mean Medicare spending in the last month of life (adjusted means ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.61-0.64). These associations were consistent across histologic subgroups. In conclusion, EOL care quality outcomes and hospice enrollment were suboptimal among older decedents with hematologic cancers, but hospice use was associated with a consistent decrease in aggressive care at EOL.
Tanshinone IIA regulates human AML cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis through miR-497-5p/AKT3 axis
Authors: Nie Zi-Yuan , Zhao Ming-Hui , Cheng Bao-Qian , Pan Rong-Fang , Wang Tian-Rui , Qin Yan , Zhang Xue-Jun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza are used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and have high medicinal value. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is the active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza which can inhibit the growth of acute leukemia cell lines in vitro, although the mechanism remains unclear.

Methods
CCK-8 assays and BrdU stain were used to evaluate cell proliferation ability. Western blot analysis was used to detect protein expression. miR-497-5p expression level was detected by using qRT-PCR, and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) was used to detect cell apoptosis.

Results
Here we reported that Tan IIA could inhibit cell proliferation, induce cell cycle arrest, and promote cell apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Thus, Tan IIA had the anti-cancer activity in AML cell lines, which was likely mediated by up-regulation of miR-497-5p expression. Our data further showed that in AML cells, the same effects were observed with overexpression of miR-497-5p by a miR-497-5p mimic. We demonstrated that Tan IIA could inhibit the expression of AKT3 by up-regulating the expression of miR-497-5p. We subsequently identified that AKT3 was the direct target of miR-497-5p, and that treatment with Tan IIA obviously reversed the effect of treatment with an miR-497-5p inhibitor under harsh conditions. In turn, PCNA expression was increased and cleaved Caspase-3 was suppressed, which contributed to the growth of AML cells.

Conclusions
Our results showed that Tan IIA could inhibit cell proliferation in AML cells through miR-497-5p-mediated AKT3 downregulation pathway.
Synergy between hemagglutinin 2 (HA2) subunit of influenza fusogenic membrane glycoprotein and oncolytic Newcastle disease virus suppressed tumor growth and further enhanced by Immune checkpoint PD-1 blockade
Authors: Miri Seyed Mohammad , Ebrahimzadeh Mir Saeed , Abdolalipour Elahe , Yazdi Mahsa , Hosseini Ravandi Hassan , Ghaemi Amir 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has shown noticeable oncolytic properties, especially against cervical cancer. However, in order to improve the spread rate and oncotoxicity of the virus, employment of other therapeutic reagents would be helpful. It has been shown that some viral fusogenic membrane glycoproteins (FMGs) could facilitate viral propagation and increase the infection rate of tumor cells by oncolytic viruses. Additionally, immune checkpoint blockade has widely been investigated for its anti-tumor effects against several types of cancers. Here, we investigated for the first time whether the incorporation of influenza hemagglutinin-2 (HA2) FMG could improve the oncolytic characteristics of NDV against cervical cancer. Next, we added anti-PD-1 mAb to our therapeutic recipe to assess the complementary role of immune checkpoint blockade in curbing tumor progression.

Methods
For this purpose, TC-1 tumor cells were injected into the mice models and treatment with NDV, iNDV, HA2, NDV-HA2, iNDV-HA2 began 10 days after tumor challenge and was repeated at day 17. In addition, PD-1 blockade was conducted by injection of anti-PD-1 mAb at days 9 and 16. Two weeks after the last treatment, sample mice were sacrificed and treatment efficacy was evaluated through immunological and immunohistochemical analysis. Moreover, tumors condition was monitored weekly for 6 weeks intervals and the tumor volume was measured and compared within different groups.

Results
The results of co-treatment with NDV and HA2 gene revealed that these agents act synergistically to induce antitumor immune responses against HPV-associated carcinoma by enhancement of E7-specific lymphocyte proliferation, inducement of CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity responses, increase in splenic cytokines and granzyme B, decrease in immunosuppressive cytokines and E6 oncogene expression, and upregulation of apoptotic proteins expression, in comparison with control groups. Moreover, incorporation of PD-1 blockade as the third side of our suggested therapy led to noticeable regression in tumor size and augmentation of cytokine responses.

Conclusions
The invaluable results of synergy between NDV virotherapy and HA2 gene therapy suggest that tumor-selective cell killing by oncolytic NDV can be enhanced by combining with FMG gene therapy. Moreover, the adjunction of the PD-1 blockade proves that checkpoint blockade can be considered as an effective complementary therapy for the treatment of cervical cancer.
X-linked muscular dystrophy in a Labrador Retriever strain: phenotypic and molecular characterisation
Authors: Barthélémy Inès , Calmels Nadège , Weiss Robert B. , Tiret Laurent , Vulin Adeline , Wein Nicolas , Peccate Cécile , Drougard Carole , Beroud Christophe , Deburgrave Nathalie , Thibaud Jean-Laurent , Escriou Catherine , Punzón Isabel , Garcia Luis , Kaplan Jean-Claude , Flanigan Kevin M. , Leturcq France , Blot Stéphane 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Canine models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are a valuable tool to evaluate potential therapies because they faithfully reproduce the human disease. Several cases of dystrophinopathies have been described in canines, but the Golden Retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) model remains the most used in preclinical studies. Here, we report a new spontaneous dystrophinopathy in a Labrador Retriever strain, named Labrador Retriever muscular dystrophy (LRMD).

Methods
A colony of LRMD dogs was established from spontaneous cases. Fourteen LRMD dogs were followed-up and compared to the GRMD standard using several functional tests. The disease causing mutation was studied by several molecular techniques and identified using RNA-sequencing.

Results
The main clinical features of the GRMD disease were found in LRMD dogs; the functional tests provided data roughly overlapping with those measured in GRMD dogs, with similar inter-individual heterogeneity. The LRMD causal mutation was shown to be a 2.2-Mb inversion disrupting the DMD gene within intron 20 and involving the TMEM47 gene. In skeletal muscle, the Dp71 isoform was ectopically expressed, probably as a consequence of the mutation. We found no evidence of polymorphism in either of the two described modifier genes LTBP4 and Jagged1. No differences were found in Pitpna mRNA expression levels that would explain the inter-individual variability.

Conclusions
This study provides a full comparative description of a new spontaneous canine model of dystrophinopathy, found to be phenotypically equivalent to the GRMD model. We report a novel large DNA mutation within the DMD gene and provide evidence that LRMD is a relevant model to pinpoint additional DMD modifier genes.
Exploring metacognitions in health anxiety and chronic pain: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Rachor Geoffrey S. , Penney Alexander M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The occurrence of health anxiety (HA) in chronic pain is associated with adverse outcomes. As such, it is important to identify constructs that might influence HA and pain-related outcomes. Metacognitions are an emerging area of interest in both HA and chronic pain, but the relationship between the three factors has not been extensively examined. The current study sought to examine the role of metacognitions about health in HA and pain-related outcomes in chronic pain.

Methods
This study utilized a cross-sectional design. Undergraduate students with self-reported chronic pain (n = 179) completed online measures of HA, pain intensity, pain disability, and metacognitions about health.

Results
Regression analyses indicated that both metacognitions about biased thinking and that thoughts are uncontrollable predicted HA in chronic pain, while only metacognitions about biased thinking predicted pain-related disability beyond pain intensity.

Conclusion
Results demonstrate that HA and pain-related disability are not associated when taking metacognitions about health into account, suggesting that metacognitions about health at least partially account for the relationship between the two. Further, results suggest that metacognitions about biased thinking may independently influence HA and pain-related disability within chronic pain.
High-enthalpy hypersonic flows
Authors: Shang Joseph J. S. , Yan Hong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNearly all illuminating classic hypersonic flow theories address aerodynamic phenomena as a perfect gas in the high-speed range and at the upper limit of continuum gas domain. The hypersonic flow is quantitatively defined by the Mach number independent principle, which is derived from the asymptotes of the Rankine-Hugoniot relationship. However, most hypersonic flows encounter strong shock-wave compressions resulting in a high enthalpy gas environment that always associates with nonequilibrium thermodynamic and quantum chemical-physics phenomena. Under this circumstance, the theoretic linkage between the microscopic particle dynamics and macroscopic thermodynamics properties of gas is lost. When the air mixture is ionized to become an electrically conducting medium, the governing physics now ventures into the regimes of quantum physics and electromagnetics. Therefore, the hypersonic flows are no longer a pure aerodynamics subject but a multidisciplinary science. In order to better understand the realistic hypersonic flows, all pertaining disciplines such as the nonequilibrium chemical kinetics, quantum physics, radiative heat transfer, and electromagnetics need to bring forth.
Racial Disparities of Adrenalectomy
Authors: Holoubek Simon A , Maxwell Jessica , Fingeret Abbey L 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Purpose
Racial disparities of surgical outcomes have been demonstrated for a variety of operations. We sought to determine whether minority status is associated with disparate care for adrenalectomy.

Methods
This study is a retrospective database review of the Collaborative Endocrine Surgery Quality Improvement Program (CESQIP) from January 1, 2014 through April 30, 2018. Primary outcome was complication rate. Secondary outcomes were length of stay and surgeon experience. Minority status was defined as Black or Hispanic and outcomes were compared with White patients.

Results
For the study period, 1141 patients who underwent adrenalectomies were included, of whom 69.9% were White and 22.6% minority. The minority patients were significantly younger with higher rates of diabetes mellitus. Minority patients had higher rates of complication and longer length of stay. Minority patients were more likely to have an adrenalectomy by a low-volume surgeon. In multivariate logistic regression, minority status remained associated with complication rate.

Conclusions
Minority patients undergoing adrenalectomy have higher rates of complication and longer lengths of stay when controlling for common comorbidities. Minority patients have decreased access to high-volume surgeons.
Det mandlige herredømme i middelhavskulturen ifølge Pierre Bourdieu
Authors: Petersen Karin Anna , Callewaert Staf 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Den feministiske kritiks mistanke om, at mandlige skrifter om forskellen mellem de to køn omfatter fordomme, er berettiget. Den mandlige analytiker kan ud fra en forsvarsholdning komme til at tilskrive de agenter, han analyserer, forudsætninger og fordomme, som i virkeligheden er de forudsætninger og fordomme, han selv går ud fra i sin analyse. Men frem for alt er forskellen mellem de to køn en institution, som gennem tusinder af år er indskrevet i de objektive, sociale strukturer og de subjektive mentale strukturer sådan, at forskeren er tvunget til at bruge dét som erkendelsesmidler, der burde være formål for analysen, nemlig de kategorier vi bruger for at tænke problemet.
Teksten er en resumerende fortolkning af Pierre Bourdieus artikel om det mandlige herredømme: Bourdieu, P (1990): La Domination Masculine. Actes de la recherche en sciences socialcs, 84, Paris 2-31. Fortolkningen prøver med nogle minimale kommentarer at indfange de store linjer i opfattelsen.
ELDERLY SCREENING IN SONGGON BANYUWANGI 2019
Authors: Hakim Lukman , Erlangga Wildan Anugrah , Adi Pandu Satriya , Septiana Fitri Nurina , Arianti Emilia Eka , Qualisa Prafidina , Lamara Ariikah Dyah , Meitavany Estya Nadya , Fatimah Niswah Silmi , A Ulinnuha Qurrota , Sulistiawati Sulistiawati 
Published: August 2020

Health care efforts for the elderly to keep the elderly healthy, independent, active and productive socially and economically , to realize this, the government is obliged to guarantee the availability of health service facilities and facilitate the development of the elderly group. The aims to identify factors that affect the achievement of health care coverage of the elderly. This was a qualitative descriptive study. This research was conducted in Songgon District . The target sample was the elderly residents and elderly Posyandu cadres. Data collection instruments using questionnaires. This study used primary data. Univariate analysis to determine the distribution using SPSS and Excel tools. 84% of elderly people knew about screening. The coverage of elderly screening was still low. From the results of research on community therapy that could be done was cadre training, reporting of the elderly, and Extension of Posyandu Elderly by Cadres for the Community
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PENGUATAN KURIKULUM BERBASIS PESANTREN (STUDI KASUS PADA MADRASAH ALIYAH (MA) DI KUDUS)
Authors: Ihsan Ihsan 
Published: August 2020

<p><em>From political and regulatory viewpoints, the existence of Madrasahs as educational institutions get stronger with the issue of Regulation No. 2 Year 1989 and Regulation No. 20 Year 2003 and their derivative regulations. On the one hand, the regulations have helped facilitate the madrasahs get equal footing with public schools – even to some enjoy equal status with public schools – and on the other hand, this new position confronts madrasahs with the challenges due to the fact that many of them have inferior resources. Conceptually, this Islamic boarding-based madrasah model is manifestation of divinity based education concept. Technically, this model adopt concept boarding school and/or full-day school. With this model, it is hoped that there will no more limitation of time to offer quality teaching and education. This model will not only let the madrasahs offer formal curriculum but hidden curriculum as well. Departing from the objective realities and the typology of madrasah aliyah in Kudus, the Islamic boarding-based madrasah as a model offered in this study is classified into three different models, i.e. Pesantren (Islamic boarding) madrasah, Pesantren Environment Madrasah, and Pesantren Values System Pesantren. As to implement these models, it is suggested that the madrasah will choose either one of the three which suits best to their contexts and capacities.</em></p>
Celecoxib alleviates traumatic myositis ossificans by inhibiting bone morphogenetic protein-4 in rats
Authors: Liu Mingzhong , Zeng Rongdong , Shi Jianhui , Xie Junjie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) is one of the important molecules regulating the formation and differentiation of bone tissue. It is the main active medium to induce ectopic ossification, and is mainly involved in bone growth and repair of wounds. Methods: To investigate the expression and significance of BMP-4 in rat model of traumatic myositis ossificans (TMO), 60 SD rats aged 4-6 weeks were randomly divided into control group, model group and celecoxib group, and TMO model was established at the right Achilles tendon. Each rat in the celecoxib group was intragastrically administered with 10 mg of celecoxib per kilogram per day. Each rat in the other group was intragastrically administered with 2 mL of physiological saline per day. At the 5th week and the 10th week after operation, 30 rats were killed. X-ray film was used to examine the formation of new bone, and skin temperature of the affected side was measured before execution. BMP-4 protein and mRNA level, and IL-2 mRNA level in the Achilles tendon tissues were detected by western blotting and RT-qPCR. Before execution, 2 mL of venous blood was taken from rats, and the level of IL-2 in serum was detected by ELISA. Results: The results showed that compared with the model group, in the celecoxib group, the swelling of the affected side was significantly alleviated, the overall formation rate was slower, the osteogenesis time was later, the ossification degree was lighter, the BMP-4 mRNA and protein levels in the Achilles tendon tissues of the affected side were significantly lower, and the IL-2 content in the blood and the mRNA of IL-2 in the tissues were significantly lower. Conclusions: In conclusion, celecoxib can effectively alleviate the occurrence of TMO after Achilles tendon surgery in rats by inhibiting BMP-4 and IL-2 expression.
Protocol for a retrospective cohort study for evaluating the early antibiotics use in non-severe COVID-19 patients
Authors: Yin Xiaoxv , Liu Li , Xu Xing , Huang Lei , Jing Ping , Li Hui , Jiang Nan , Wang Jing , Lu Zuxun , Gong Yanhong , Xiong Nian , Li Changjun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The use of antibiotics is common in the treatment of COVID-19, but adequate evaluation is lacking. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic use in non-severe COVID-19 patients, particularly in patients admitted with low risk of bacterial infection. This is a multi-center retrospective cohort study. Patients are screened strictly according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria and are divided into two groups based on antibiotics exposure. The exposure is defined as the treatment of antibiotics prescribed within 48 hours after admission, with a course of treatment≥3 days; and patients in this group are classified as early antibiotic use group. Otherwise, patients are classified as the non early antibiotic use group. The primary end point of the study is progressing from non-severe type COVID-19 into severe type. This is the first protocol to put a focus on the transformation of the severity of the disease, based on a multi-center retrospective cohort design.
Clinical training in China needs to be improved: A cross-sectional study of MD graduates
Authors: ZHANG XIAONING , Li Chong , Yue Cailing , Jiang Xue , Cao Junli 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: China is experiencing medical education reform to construct national quality standards, modernise and standardise health professionals, and advance health delivery system requirements. Graduate medical education (GME) is being piloted as a merger of Doctor of Medicine (MD) and PhD programs to improve academic research and clinical training. However, the academic degree-centred system has led to a preoccupation with academic research rather than clinical training. Quality information regarding the clinical training of MD graduates from Chinese medical schools is lacking. This general investigation aims to provide an overview from the perspective of recent MD graduates in China.

Methods: Self-reports on MD clinical training were obtained from 432 MD graduates in 2017 via an online survey. The reports included information on overall satisfaction, educational supervision, supervised learning events, curriculum coverage, local teaching, teamwork, educational governance, workload, supportiveness of the environment, feedback, clinical experience, patient safety, handovers, and reporting systems. Descriptive analysis was used to summarise the outcome.

Results: Of the 432 MD graduates surveyed, only 37.4% reported satisfaction with the overall clinical training quality; 54.6% rated the informal and bedside quality as “good”; 64.4% reported that they knew who provided clinical supervision; only 35.5% highly rated the quality of clinical supervision; 51.8% reported that they judged senior physicians as “not competent”; 48.1% believed that their concerns about education and training would be addressed; 41.9% agreed that the staff treated each other respectfully; 97.4% admitted that they worked beyond the mandatory hours and claimed they were regularly short of sleep; 84.2% raised concerns about patient safety; 45.3% reported that they received regular informal feedback.

Conclusions: This study suggests that the quality of clinical training for MD graduates needs to be improved; however, even though most participants seemed satisfied with their clinical training. The overall satisfaction with the teaching quality was acceptable, whereas the quality of many clinical training aspects was scored poorly. Each aspect may encourage a deeper investigation into the understanding of causes and possible remediation. Some suggestions include improving safe and effective care, providing positive clinical supervision, offering appropriate practice opportunities, providing health care services, and maintaining optimal patient safety.