bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A targeted assessment for prevention strategy to decrease Clostridioides difficile infections in Veterans Affairs acute-care medical centers
Authors: Roselle Gary A. , Evans Martin E. , Simbartl Loretta A. , McCauley Brian P. , Lipscomb Karen R. , Clifton Marla 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjective:A guideline for the prevention of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in 127 Veterans Health Administration acute-care facilities was implemented in July 2012. Beginning in 2015, a targeted assessment for prevention strategy was used to evaluate facilities for hospital-onset healthcare-facility–associated CDIs to focus prevention efforts where they might have the most impact in reaching a reduction goal of 30% nationwide.Methods:We calculated standardized infection ratios (SIRs) and cumulative attributable differences (CADs) using a national data baseline. Facilities were ranked by CAD, and those with the 10 highest CAD values were targeted for periodic conference calls or a site visit from January 2016–September 2019.Results:The hospital-onset healthcare-facility–associated CDI rate in the 10 facilities with the highest CADs declined 56% during the process improvement period, compared to a 44% decline in the 117 nonintervention facilities (P = .03).Conclusion:Process improvement interventions targeting facilities ranked by CAD values may be an efficient strategy for decreasing CDI rates in a large healthcare system.
Entities also require relational coding and binding
Authors: Brady Timothy F. , Utochkin Igor S. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Although Bastin et al. propose a useful model for thinking about the structure of memory and memory deficits, their distinction between entities and relational encoding is incompatible with data showing that even individual objects – prototypical “entities” – are made up of distinct features which require binding. Thus, “entity” and “relational” brain regions may need to solve fundamentally the same problems.
Improving the integrative memory model by integrating the temporal dynamics of memory
Authors: Curot Jonathan , Barbeau Emmanuel J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDespite highlighting the role of the attribution system and proposing a coherent large-scale architecture of declarative memory, the integrative memory model would be more “integrative” if the temporal dynamics of the interactions between its components was clarified. This is necessary to make predictions in patients with brain injury and hypothesize dissociations.
OP140 Adult Patient Access To Electronic Health Records
Authors: Schnell-Inderst Petra , Neyer Stefanie , Hörbst Alexander , Müller Gerhard , Siebert Uwe , Ammenwerth Elske 
Published: December 2019

IntroductionIn order to facilitate patient information, patient involvement, and to support patient-centered care, healthcare organizations are increasingly offering access to patient data that are stored in the institution-specific electronic health record (EHR). Patients can access these data, read, and print them, or download and integrate them into any type of patient-held record. This EHR access is typically web-based and called “patient portal” allowing the independent access via the Internet from everywhere. A patient portal may also offer additional features such as prescription requests, appointment booking, messaging, personal health-related reminders, individual therapeutic recommendations, personal diaries, and social networking with other patients. In a Cochrane review, we assessed the effects of providing access to EHR for adult patients on patient empowerment and health-related outcomes compared to usual care.MethodsAccording to the methods of evidence-based medicine, we developed a protocol for a Cochrane review, which is published in the Cochrane database.ResultsWe identified ten randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including 6,668 randomized participants. Seven RCTs took place in the USA, two in Canada, and one in Japan. Additional functionalities of interventions and disease conditions were heterogeneous. Three studies (n = 601) reported on patient empowerment. The risk differences reported were neither statistically significant nor clinically relevant. Eight studies (n = 2,070) reported on nine different risk factors (blood pressure, blood glucose, poor asthma control, 10-year Framingham risk score, cholesterol, body mass index, composite score of eight variables, intraocular pressure, composite score of three variables). The results were heterogeneous. Mostly there were no statistically significant risk differences between study groups.ConclusionsOverall, there is no evidence for a clear positive effect of patient portals on patient empowerment and health related outcomes (mainly risk factors). However, we identified only a small number of studies. The usage of portals was often low and several studies were older.
Taller but thinner: trends in child anthropometry in Senegal, 1990–2015
Authors: Garenne Michel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjective:To investigate trends in child anthropometry in Senegal between 1990 and 2015 and relate them with potential causes. Several hypotheses were tested: changes in health status, income, diet and socio-economic status.Design:Statistical analysis of trends in anthropometric data: height, weight, BMI and associated Z-scores calculated with the CDC-2000 standard (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention): height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ) and weight-for-height (WHZ). Trends were fitted with linear regression models and were related with changes in health and socio-economic status.Setting:Nine nationally representative samples of Senegalese children aged 12–59 months, taken between 1986 and 2017 by Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS).Participants:Children aged 12–59 months.Results:Over the 25 years of investigation, the average height of children increased by +1·88 cm, their average weight by +0·10 kg, but their BMI decreased by −0·53 kg/m2. Corresponding changes expressed in Z-scores were +0·454 in HAZ, +0·109 in WAZ and −0·302 in WHZ. This pattern of decreasing stunting while increasing wasting was correlated with decreasing child mortality, despite small changes in income per capita and in adult heights or BMI. Largest improvements in HAZ were among the lower socio-economic strata, while largest declines in WHZ were among higher socio-economic strata.Conclusions:Decline in stunting appeared associated primarily with the control of infectious diseases, also responsible for the mortality decline. Increase in wasting was surprising. It appears associated with small changes in income per capita, and therefore in diet, in a context of increasing height.
Refractive Index for Asian Dust in the Ultraviolet‐Visible Region Determined From Compositional Analysis and Validated With OMI Observations
Authors: Lee Kwang‐Mog , Choi Haklim , Kim Jhoon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAsian dust aerosols consist of various minerals, such as quartz, clay minerals, feldspars, and calcite. Complex refractive index of Asian dust is determined for a spectral range from 0.2 to 1.0 μm, assuming that the particles are an internal mixture of the component minerals in dust samples reported in previous literature. The derived optical constants for Asian dust are quite different from the refractive indices for other desert dusts. The imaginary refractive index for Asian dust is much smaller than that of the “mineral” model in Optical Properties of Aerosols and Clouds (OPAC) across the whole range. At wavelengths shorter than 650 nm, the present imaginary index is smaller than the index for Saharan dust, determined from mineralogical compositions of dust samples at Tinfou, Morocco, during the Saharan Mineral Dust Experiment (SAMUM). The simulated spectrum for an Asian dust event on 15 March 2009 in north‐east China using the present optical constants agree well with the spectrum measured by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on board the Aura spacecraft.
Ferroelectric Tunneling Junctions Based on Aluminum Oxide/ Zirconium-Doped Hafnium Oxide for Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Ryu Hojoon , Wu Haonan , Rao Fubo , Zhu Wenjuan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFerroelectric tunneling junctions (FTJs) with tunable tunneling electroresistance (TER) are promising for many emerging applications, including non-volatile memories and neurosynaptic computing. One of the key challenges in FTJs is the balance between the polarization value and the tunneling current. In order to achieve a sizable on-current, the thickness of the ferroelectric layer needs to be scaled down below 5 nm. However, the polarization in these ultra-thin ferroelectric layers is very small, which leads to a low tunneling electroresistance (TER) ratio. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a new type of FTJ based on metal/Al2O3/Zr-doped HfO2/Si structure. The interfacial Al2O3 layer and silicon substrate enable sizable TERs even when the thickness of Zr-doped HfO2 (HZO) is above 10 nm. We found that F-N tunneling dominates at read voltages and that the polarization switching in HZO can alter the effective tunneling barrier height and tune the tunneling resistance. The FTJ synapses based on Al2O3/HZO stacks show symmetric potentiation/depression characteristics and widely tunable conductance. We also show that spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) can be harnessed from HZO based FTJs. These novel FTJs will have high potential in non-volatile memories and neural network applications.
Conversion of triphenylphosphine oxide to organophosphorus via selective cleavage of C-P, O-P, and C-H bonds with sodium
Authors: Zhang Jian-Qiu , Ye Jingjing , Huang Tianzeng , Shinohara Hiroyuki , Fujino Hiroyoshi , Han Li-Biao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFor over half a century, thousands of tons of triphenylphosphine oxide Ph3P(O) have been produced every year from the chemical industries as a useless chemical waste. Here we disclose efficient transformations of Ph3P(O) with cheap resource-abundant metallic sodium finely dispersed in paraffin oil. Ph3P(O) can be easily and selectively transformed to three reactive organophosphorus intermediates—sodium diphenylphosphinite, sodium 5H-benzo[b]phosphindol-5-olate and sodium benzo[b]phosphindol-5-ide—that efficiently give the corresponding functional organophosphorus compounds in good yields. These functional organophosphorus compounds are difficult to prepare but highly industrially useful compounds. This may allow Ph3P(O) to be used as a precious starting material for highly valuable phosphorus compounds.
Image Registration of Infrared and Visible Image Based on Geometric Constraint
Authors: Wang Juan , Cheng Kaiwen , Ke Cong , Liu Min , Cai Linkang , Shi Hao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
With the wide application of infrared sensors and visible sensors, the registration of two heterogeneous images has caused widespread concern. Multi-angle comprehensive analysis of multi-sensor imaging systems can obtain more accurate image information. However, the main challenge of image registration is the detection of feature points and the acquisition of the correct feature point matching pairs. A Geometric constraint method is proposed to obtain the correct feature matching pairs. Three feature point matching pairs are randomly selected in the two images, and the ratio of the corresponding line segment lengths is obtained according to the coordinates of the three feature points to find the most three similar feature point matching pairs. Compared with the RANSAC algorithm, the method can obtain the correct feature point matching pair better. The algorithm runs on the DSP platform for about 30s, the error is 1 pixel, and the correct rate reaches 80%.
A Low Complexity Robust Adaptive Beamforming Method with Orthogonality Constraint
Authors: Zhao Bin , Yang Jia 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Performance of many adaptive beamforming methods degrades when antenna array steering vector mismatch exists and popular optimization-based methods suffer from heavy computation complexity. In this paper, we investigate robust adaptive beamforming technique with low complexity. An optimization problem is constructed based on orthogonality constraint instead of conventional norm constraint; therefore, semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation is avoided. We present the approach to obtain closed-form solution by imposing Lagrange multiplier methodology. Numerical experiments demonstrate that proposed low complexity method outperforms other previously developed beamforming methods and reduces computation time significantly.
Evolution of urban construction land structure in Henan Province based on information entropy and equilibrium model
Authors: Lu Chunyang , Wen Feng , Yang Kaidong , Duan Linyun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper aims to accurately identify the evolution characteristics of urban land use structure in Henan Province, clarify the current situation and problems of urban land use structure, and provide reference and basis for the optimization of urban land use structure and urban land allocation. Statistical analysis, comparative analysis, information entropy, equilibrium and dominance were used. From 2007 to 2016, the urban construction land area in Henan Province showed an overall upward trend; from 2007 to 2016, the per capita construction land area in Henan Province showed an overall upward - downward - upward trend. From 2007 to 2016, the information entropy, equilibrium and dominance curves of urban land use structure in Henan Province are in a stable state, which shows that the change of urban land use structure tends to be gentle, the overall fluctuation range is not large, and all types of land are relatively uniform. To a certain extent, it can show that urban land development in Henan Province is relatively mature. In the structure of urban construction land in Henan Province, the proportion of residential land is the highest, and its area and proportion are increasing year by year. This is closely related to the increase of urban population. The proportion of industrial land is higher, but it decreases year by year. The land for urban green space, square and road traffic facilities is increasing year by year, and others. Although the land use area of different types is increasing year by year, the proportion of structure is decreasing year by year, and the urban land use structure of Henan Province is in the stage of continuous adjustment.
Comparative analysis for rock slope stability with different constitutive models of rock materials
Authors: Yu H , Li S J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Based on the principle of reducing shear strength of rock materials, a rock slope stability with different constitutive models of rock materials is performed by using finite element method. The safety factor of rock slope stability is computed based on convergence property of elastic-plastic numerical simulations by reducing shear strength of rock materials until the numerical computing is divergent or plastic zone is connected. Three kinds of Drucker-Prager yield criterions with different yield surfaces are utilized to investigate the influence of yield criterions with different yield surfaces to safety factor of rock slope stability. The investigation shows that the computed safety factors of rock slope stability by using Drucker-Prager yield criterions with different yield surfaces are approximately equal. The maximum relative error for safety factors is less 10% by using different Drucker-Prager yield criterions.
Prevention and control on urban NIMBY caused by nuclear facilities in China
Authors: Liu Jiu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In order to improve the energy structure and the air quality, China has made every effort to develop civil nuclear industry and establish some nuclear facilities. Due to the potential radioactivity of nuclear facilities, the location and construction of the facilities will cause dissatisfaction and panic of the surrounding residents, resulting in “Not in My Backyard (NIMBY)” incidents. This paper will analyze the reasons for the NIMBY incidents, which are inadequate and not timely disclosure of information for residents, the lack of relevant education and compensation mechanism with legal analytical methods. Therefore, the prevention and control methods of such NIMBY incidents should be put forward: Governmental departments and operators of nuclear facilities should adhere to scientific and democratic decision of location selection and construction, and establish proper compensation mechanism for the residents nearby.
The coordinated development between the internal audit guidance by the government audit departments and internal audit units: applying the principal component analysis and Monte-Carlo simulation
Authors: Guo Hong Yu , Ding Yi Cen , Chang Qian , Zhu Chang Ping , Zhao Ying , Zhang Qing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the new era, reform of the audit management of Official Audit Organs need systems thinking. This paper focus on the guidance and supervision of internal audit, which is the important content of the audit management system. Through the analysis of the present situation from various perspectives, aiming at the outstanding problems that still need to be paid attention to under the new situation. It explores a feasible way to coordinate the development of internal audit guidance and internal audit institutions, and tries to exemplify the application section on the basis of empirical analysis. To quantify the relevance between internal audit guidance and internal audit institutions through scientific method, introducing Principal Component Analysis and Monte Carlo Method, also provides some reference ideas for practical application.
Emergency Evacuation: Dynamic Network Diversion
Authors: Yang Yulu , Wang Jiawei , Zhao Hongxia , Liu Xiangdong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Under the dangerous conditions, rapid evacuation of large public spaces is critical to the safety of visitors. Taking the Louvre as an example, this paper comprehensively considers the characteristics of tourists, the internal structure of Louvre, the dangerous situation and the openness of some secret exits. At the same time, based on the improved Cellular Automaton model and Network Flow model, this paper constructs the Dynamic System Optimal model. By applying the Frank-Wolfe algorithm, this model is simulated in MATLAB to simulate the evacuation of visitors in the emergency situations. Through the simulation results, we can find out the potential bottleneck position that restricts the movement to the exits and make the system’s optimal evacuation program. It can be verified that the evacuation efficiency of the Louvre has increased by 21.3% after using the system’s optimal evacuation plan. In addition, our model also has a broad application prospect. It can be extended to the evacuation of people in other large buildings by changing the parameters of initialization to improve the evacuation efficiency and protect people’s safety.
Forecast estimator of surface machining completion
Authors: Nemenko Alexandra V , Nikitin Michael M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We consider the problem of estimating the possible outcomes of surface machining with specified output characteristics. The process of characteristics changing during machining is considered as a random walk with two absorbing levels corresponding to successful and unsuccessful outcomes. For its quantitative description, a Markov process with discrete time and continuous states corresponding to the selected characteristic is used. The transition probabilities for the next step for each of these quantities are given by distribution functions which can be obtained empirically.
Quality assurance for the production of metal-cutting tools from high-speed steels
Authors: Korotkov Alexander , Korotkova Lidiya , Vidin Denis 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The paper presents an analysis of the state of metal cutting tools production in Russia, and it provides an assessment of the main trends in the development of this industry on the example of tools produced under conditions of domestic engineering enterprises. The developed and tested methods of quality control of high-speed steels of traditional and powder versions are described. Based on the undertaken studies, typical structural defects of high-speed steels in the delivery state and after heat treatment are identified. Recommendations aimed at improving the tool quality were developed and formulated taking into account an analysis of their operating conditions and in accordance with specific conditions of production and quality of steels in the delivery state. A methodological approach to solving the problem of improving the quality of metal-cutting tools made from traditional and powdered high-speed steels is presented.
Problems of the equipment choice for existing multiproduct chemical plants
Authors: Karpushkin S V , Krasnyanskiy M N , Mokrozub V G 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The problem of using the existing equipment to make a new product in a given volume by the due date is formulated as a two-level hierarchy of tasks. The upper level is the problem of finding product's batch size and scheduling parameters of the plant; the lower level is the problems of selecting the equipment units for the implementation of the batch processing stages. Example of solving the problem of making a new product in a given volume by the deadline for real multiproduct batch plant.
Investigation of fuel consumption by independent heaters depending on bus operating conditions
Authors: Kulko A P , Kulko P A , Chernova G A , Shipovalov D A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article provides a rationale for the adjustment of fuel consumption rates by autonomous heaters in the bus operating conditions in winter. It was determined that the regulatory documents fuel consumption is assigned to the continuous operation of the heater and does not depend on changes in climatic factors and the characteristics of the thermal and structural characteristics of the bus body. The authors monitored the mileage and fuel consumption of buses of the Volzhskiy city motor company No. 1732 in the winter and summer months under operating conditions. A method has been developed that makes it possible to statistically determine fuel consumption and plan these costs in winter. The proposed fuel consumption standards buses during the winter operation. It contains recommendations for adjusting fuel consumption rates.
The approach of the transport & logistics cluster model development
Authors: Makarova E S , Lukashuk M D 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The Russian transport system is in seriously need of renovation and improvement its competitiveness in the international logistics area. In this article it is proposed one of the potential variant of solving this challenging task – it is a creation of transport&logistics cluster. Transport&logistics cluster is a new organizational form, which purpose will be to increase not only the quality of transport services, but also the maximization of the effectiveness of the activities of all the participants in the association.
Transform-dispersion analysis of the grain-size composition of mechanical admixtures in the cooling lubricant when investigating purification processes
Authors: Bulyzhev Evgeny , Bogdanov Andrey , Khudobin Leonid 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This article presents the potential solution of the one of the most complicated issues arising by studying the purification processes efficiency of fluids and by producing cleaning agents. The result is that the procedure is substantially simplified, the reliability and the computational accuracy are enhanced when estimating statistical primary

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and secondary (σ) couples of the grain-size composition of mechanical admixtures in original and purified cooling lubricants and other fluids and also when determining the efficiency of cleaning agents work.