bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutagenic effects of sodium azide on the survival and morphological characters of tomato varieties
Authors: Adeosun C.A. , Elem K.A. , Eze C.D. 
Published: September 2020

Sodium Azide (SA)-induced mutagenic variability was studied on four tomato varieties namely Roma vf, Roma savannah, Tropimech and Tima. The SA concentrations used were 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5% and 0.7%, with 0.0% as control to determine the percentage emergence and growth parameters of the tomato varieties. The plant seeds were pretreated with the various concentrations of the mutagen before planting. The seedlings were raised in the nursery and transplanted after 30 days of planting into the field in polythene bags filled with 70g of a mixture of soil and farm yard manure. The experiment was carried out in randomised complete block design with three replicates. Increase in SA concentration caused a remarkable decrease in the percentage emergence and all other growth parameters evaluated. The effect of the interaction between variety and SA concentration revealed that the interaction was not significantly different from the control at P≤0.05 on the number of leaves, number of branches and leaf length, but the difference was significant for plant height. Formation of two stems was observed at 0.3% Sodium Azide for Roma vf. variety. The 0.1% and 0.3% concentrations of Sodium Azide seem to be promising treatments under the experimental conditions and thus could be used to induce variations for tomato crop improvement. Tima and Roma savannah performed better and were resistant to the mutagen than other varieties, hence they can be recommended as good varieties for further breeding purposes; also Sodium Azide could be a good mutagen for the improvement of tomato plants.
Keywords: Tomato, growth characters, mutagenic, Sodium Azide, morphological variability.
Public Toilets in a tertiary institution in the Southern part of Nigeria as Potential Reservoirs of Drug Resistant Pathogens
Authors: Otokunefor K. , Chijioke D.C. , Kalio J.A. , Abu G.O. 
Published: September 2020

Toilets have long been viewed as a significant potential contributor to human infectious diseases. Various studies worldwide have explored the bacterial communities associated with toilets but only few have focused on their possible role as reservoirs of drug resistant pathogens. To explore this role, four different surfaces from a pay-to-use toilet complex at a tertiary institution in the Southern part of Nigeria were sampled using the swab-rinse technique. Sample processing was done to determine bacterial load, identify bacterial types present in the samples and determine antibiotic susceptibility using standard techniques. Similar levels of bacterial contamination were observed at all the 14 sampling points ranging from 3.6×104 to 2.7×105 CFU. A higher level of contamination was generally noted on the door handles and floor surfaces. Of the ten different bacterial groups identified, Shigella sp. and Salmonella sp. were the predominant groups (20.6% each). The test isolates showed a wide rate of resistance to antibiotics, with the highest observed against ofloxacin (98.3%) and the least against ceftriaxone (44.4%). Forty-three different antibiogram patterns were detected among the test isolates. Most of the bacteria (63.2%) were associated with MAR index values greater than 0.8. This study shows that public toilets could play a role not just as a reservoir of potential pathogens but more specifically as a potential reservoir of drug resistant pathogenic microorganisms with high MAR indices.
Keywords: Toilet, Reservoir, MAR index, Nigeria
Forage allowances offered to pregnant ewes until middle and late gestation: Organ priorities on foetus development
Authors: Abud M. J. , Bielli A. , Ithurralde J. , Freitas-de-Melo A. , Álvarez-Oxiley A. , López-Pérez Á. , Ungerfeld R. , Pérez-Clariget R. 
Published: September 2020

Effect of forage allowance before conception and until mid or late gestation was evaluated for effects on foetal and neonatal weights, carcass, nervous systems, metabolic and reproductive organ weights, body dimensions, and variation in intensity of the effects among organs. Effects of two forage allowances, HFA: high forage allowance (2.9 - 3.8 kg of dry matter (DM)/kg bodyweight (BW)) and LFA: low forage allowance (1.4 - 2.6 kg DM/kg BW) were evaluated from 23 days before conception until 70 or 122 days postpartum. On gestation day 70, nine ewes per treatment, each carrying one male foetus, were euthanized and their foetuses were removed. The foetuses were weighed, their carcass and organ weights were recorded, and their external genitalia dimensions were measured. Nine additional lambs per treatment were euthanized 12 hours after birth and the same data were recorded. Hearts from day 70 LFA foetuses were lighter, their external genitalia were smaller, and their foetal weight tended to be less than in HFA. Newborn lambs from LFA ewes had lighter carcasses, livers, kidneys, adrenal glands and testes, shorter penises, but higher brain to liver weight ratios than in HFA. The cerebellum, brain, and heart weights of LFA and HFA newborn lambs did not differ. Low forage allowance until late gestation influenced both foetal and lamb weights and affected organ weights differentially. Thus, the treatments induced differences in prioritization of nutrients, with the central nervous system receiving the highest priority, and carcass and external genitalia the lowest.
Keywords: foetal programming, intrauterine growth restriction, lambs, undernutrition
Çocuk Hakları ve BM Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesinin Kısa Bir Değerlendirmesi
Authors: CİN Turgay 
Published: September 2020

İnsan hakları ihlallerinin ilk kurbanı geçmişte çocuklar olmuştur. Günümüzde de yine çocuklar olmaya devam etmektedir. Ulusal ve uluslararası toplum, bu tür ihlalleri engellemek için bir dizi önlemler almıştır ve günümüzde de almaya devam etmektedir. Bu bağlamda çocukların sorumlulukları, hakları, haklarının korunması, çocuk haklarının ihlâlleri, çocukların hakları bilinmesi, uygulanması hususunda 1989 tarihli BM Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi ile diğer bazı uluslararası metinler önemlidir. Çünkü çocukların özel muameleye, korunmaya, genç yaşlarından dolayı yerine göre yetişkinlerden, devletten yardım, özen ve titizliğe ihtiyaç duyarlar.
1989 tarihli BM Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesi çocuğun haklarıyla ilgilidir. Sözleşmeye göre, 18 yaşın altındakiler çocuk sayılmaktadır. Bütün çocuklar haklar bakımından eşittir. Irk, renk, cinsiyet, dil ve diğer durumlar nedeniyle hiçbir ayrımcılık yapılamaz. Çocuğun çıkarı gözetilmelidir. Devletler, gerektiğinde gerekli bakım ve korumayı sağlamalıdır. Taraf Devletler, bahse konu Sözleşmede öngörülen her türlü hukuksal, idari, siyasi ve diğer bütün önlemleri çocuk lehine alacaklardır. Çocuklar yaşama, kendilerini geliştirme hakkına sahiptir. Sözleşmeye Taraf Devletler, çocuğun milli, dini kimliğini, tabiiyetini, ismini ve aile ilişkilerini koruma hakkına saygı göstermeyi, bu konuda hukuk dışı müdahalelerde bulunmamayı taahhüt ederler.
Rate of Voluntary Termination of Unwanted Pregnancy among Undergraduate Students in a Tertiary Institution in North Central, Nigeria
Authors: Utoo BT , Unazi EU , Ojabo AO , Utoo PM 
Published: September 2020

Termination of unwanted pregnancies especially if unsafely procured contributes significantly to maternal deaths. This study was designed to determine the rate of voluntary termination of unwanted pregnancies among undergraduate students. It was a cross-sectional study of female university undergraduates. A self administered pre-tested questionnaire was used to elicit information on socio-demographic variables, sexual activities, unwanted pregnancies and voluntary termination. SPSS software version 25.0 was used for analysis. Frequency tables were generated and Chi square was used as a test of statistics. Four hundred and thirty one respondents were studied out of which 304(70.5%) of them have been sexually exposed. The modal age of initiation of sexual intercourse was 20 years. Most 177(58.2%) has had one sexual partner while 127(41.8%) had multiple sexual partners. The major motivation for sexual activity was found to be pleasure 60.5%, financial reasons 18.1%, peer pressure 9.2 %, and 12.2% gave no reason. At least one-third 119(39.1%) has had an unwanted pregnant in the past and 63(52.9%) were induced. Among the induced abortions most 32(50.8%) had termination done more than once while 31(49.2%) had it done once. As high as 96.1% were aware of contraceptives and 69.6% had ever used a method in the past .There was statistically significant relationship between unwanted pregnancy and contraceptive usage (p=0.001).The rate of voluntary termination of unwanted pregnancies (52.9%) was high with associated low contraceptive usage. Unrestricted reproductive health information and care should be made accessible and available to these young people.
Amiloidosis cardíaca: Experiencia en un Instituto Cardiovascular de referencia nacionaI
Authors: Muñoz Moreno Juan Manuel , Añorga Ocmin Jose , Espinola García Sandra , Aguilar Cristian , Alarco Walter 
Published: September 2020

Objetivos: Determinar las características clínicas, de imágenes y laboratoriales así como la sobrevida al año del diagnóstico de pacientes con amiloidosis cardíaca en un hospital de referencia nacional.
Materiales y métodos: Estudio de serie de casos. Evaluamos las características clínicas, exámenes complementarios y supervivencia de pacientes con amiloidosis cardíaca diagnosticados, tratados y seguidos en el servicio de Cardiología Clínica del Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular - INCOR EsSalud.
Resultados: Se encontraron 8 pacientes con diagnóstico de amiloidosis cardíaca. La mediana de la edad fue 64.5 años y el 75% de sexo masculino. La etiología fue amiloidosis cardíaca no especificada (25%), amiloidosis cardíaca transtiretina (37.5%) y amiloidosis cardíaca de cadenas ligeras (37.5%). La insuficiencia cardíaca sintomática (NYHA II-III) fue la presentación inicial más común (87.5%). Las manifestaciones extracardíacas más frecuentes fueron: neuropatía sensitivo-motora (62.5%), muscu- loesqueléticas (37.5%), nefropatía (25%), síndrome de túnel carpiano bilateral (25%), gammapatías monoclonales (25%) y efusión pleural refractaria (25%). La sobrevida al año fue del 75% y la causa de muerte en los 2 fallecidos fue muerte súbita.
Conclusiones: En este estudio sobre amiloidosis cardíaca en un centro especializado las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes fueron la insuficiencia cardíaca y la neuropatía sensitivo-motora. La mortalidad fue del 25% al año, y en todos los casos como muerte súbita.
BAHASA PADA PAPAN PETUNJUK OBJEK WISATA DI YOGYAKARTA BERDASARKAN RANAH TEMPAT (LANGUAGE ON SIGNBOARD OF TOURISM OBJECT IN YOGYAKARTA BASED ON DOMAIN)
Authors: Purnami Wening Handri 
Published: September 2020

The object of this study is the use of language on the signboards of tourism object based on the domain. The problem studied is how the type and form of language on the signboard. The purpose of this study is to describe the type and form of language on the signboard. The theory used in the study is structurally prescriptive. This study uses qualitative descriptive methods and observation techniques. The results of the study show that the type of language used in the signboards of the tourism object was Indonesian, Javanese, and English. The embodiment of the language used is in the form of words, phrases, and sentences. Based on the domain, the signboards inform the name of the tourism object, attraction places, and public facilities of the tourism objects.
ISTILAH KEKERABATAN DALAM MASYARAKAT BANYUWANGI (TERMS OF KINSHIP IN THE BANYUWANGI SOCIETY)
Authors: Ruriana Puspa 
Published: September 2020

Kinship is a term to mention or greet someone who is bound to ourselves because of descent, blood, and marriage. In the Banyuwangi society, it is known terms of kinship, which is not found in the other society in east Java. The research purposes are to describe the terms of kinship and their functions to Banyuwangi society. The problem of the research is how the using of the terms kinship and the function in the daily using in Banyuwangi society. The method of the research is participant observation. Padan method is used to analyzes data which are found. Data are colected by interviewing the informants and also it is supported by recording and writing technique. Data is analyzed using kinship system theory. Kinship terms in the Banyuwangi society can be grouped in to three, the kinship terms because of direct line of descent, kinship terms because of indirect line of descent, and kinship terms because of marriage. The function of the terms kinship in the Banyuwangi society in addition to showing kinship relations, it also functions claimed to be brothers.
KESALAHAN BERBAHASA PEMELAJAR BIPA DI KBRI NEW DELHI (LANGUAGE ERROR OF BIPA STUDENTS IN KBRI NEW DELHI)
Authors: Rurut Lefrand 
Published: September 2020

The aims of this research are to (1) describe the types of language error which is done by the students who follow the BIPA program at Indonesian Embassy, New Delhi, India and (2) to elaborate the way to solve the language error problem which is done by the students who follow the BIPA program at Indonesian Embassy, New Delhi, India. This research use case study method. The collecting data procedure in this research is done by using observation method. The writer himself does the teaching program and the observation directly, then record the data.Based on the result of data analyses, it can be concluded that the types of language error which is done by the students of BIPA program in Indonesian Embassy, New Delhi India are (1) expressing error, (2) personal error, (3) group error, (4) analogy error, (5) teacher error. Besides, the students of BIPA program in Indonesian Embassy, New Delhi India make error on phonology, morphology, and syntax field. To solve those problems, the writer suggest that the teacher has to understand previously those student’s language errors, then allocating more time to give the proper comprehension to the students so that the language errors mentioned can be solved or at least can be minimalized.Moreover, to solve the student’s language error on phonological, morphological, and syntax, the writer suggest to the teacher to provide time or special class for especially learning grammar because commonly the learning modules or the materials of BIPA do not input the complete grammar material.This research contributes the important input to the BIPA teacher who will teach Indonesian language for Indian students. This research also to add the language knowledge especially in language error field.
KORESPONDENSI FONEMIS BAHASA MELAYU KUTAI DAN BAHASA TONYOOI DI KALIMANTAN TIMUR PHONEMIC CORRESPONDENCE OF MELAYU KUTAI AND TONYOOI LANGUAGE IN EAST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Masfufah Nurul 
Published: September 2020

AbstractResearch on phonemic correspondence between Melayu Kutai and Tonyooi has never been done. The purpose of this study is to describe the form of phonemic correspondence between Melayu Kutai and Tonyooi. Data collection is done by the method of documentation with the technique of reading and taking notes. The data analysis using a comparison method with phonemic correspondence techniques. In this study found 10 phonemic correspondences between Melayu Kutai and Tonyooi, namely a~e/-k#, ŋ~kŋ/-#, ᴓ~q/-#, d~ᴓ/kv, b~ᴓ/kv , m~pm/-#, n~tn/-#, c~s/#-, s~h/-#, and u~o/k(v)-k. The vowels phoneme correspondence was only found in one device, while the consonant phoneme correspondence was found in nine devices. The phonemic correspondence set shows the kinship of the two languages. In addition, it can show the characteristics of each language from its phonological aspects, such as unique phonemes, namely /kŋ/, /pm/, and /tn/ at the end of words in Tonyooi, whereas in Melayu Kutai it is not found.Keywords: phonemic correspondence, vowels phonemes, consonant phonemes AbstrakPenelitian korespondensi fonemis antara bahasa Melayu Kutai dan bahasa Tonyooi belum pernah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk perangkat korespondensi fonemis antara bahasa Melayu Kutai dan bahasa Tonyooi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode dokumentasi dengan teknik baca dan catat. Penganalisisan data menggunakan metode perbandingan dengan teknik korespondensi fonemis. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan 10 perangkat korespondensi fonemis antara bahasa Melayu Kutai dan bahasa Tonyooi, yakni a~e/-k#, ŋ~kŋ/-#, ᴓ~q/-#, d~ᴓ/k-v, b~ᴓ/k-v, m~pm/-#, n~tn/-#, c~s/#-, s~h/-#, dan u~o/k(v)-k. Korespondensi fonem vokal hanya ditemukan satu perangkat saja, sedangkan korespondensi fonem konsonan ditemukan sembilan perangkat. Perangkat korespondensi fonemis tersebut menunjukkan adanya kekerabatan kedua bahasa tersebut. Selain itu, dapat menunjukkan karakteristik masing-masing bahasa dari aspek fonologinya, seperti ditemukan fonem unik, yaitu /kŋ/, /pm/, dan /tn/ di akhir kata dalam bahasa Tonyooi, sedangkan dalam bahasa Melayu Kutai tidak ditemukan.Kata kunci: korespondensi fonemis, fonem vokal, fonem konsonan
KABA BONSU PINANG SIBARIBUIK: FUNGSI PELAKU YANG CUKUP LENGKAP DENGAN PENYIGIAN MORFOLOGI VLADIMIR PROPP The Narratives of Folktale Bonsu Pinang Sibaribuik: Almost Complete in Number of its Function of Action According to Vladimir Propps’s Narratology
Authors: Mulyadi Mulyadi 
Published: September 2020

AbstrakArtikel ini menganalisis genre sastra tradisional Minangkabau, Kaba Bonsu Pinang Sibaribuik (KBPS), dengan menggunakan pendekatan naratologi morfologi Valdimir Propp. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan teori fungsi pelaku morfologi cerita rakyat dari Propp, penelitan ini membuktikan bahwa fungsi pelaku dalam kaba ini sangat relevan dengan teori Propp. Terdapat sebanyak 29 fungsi dalam kaba KBPS dari 31 yang dikemukakan Propp, dengan tiga pergerakan cerita atau tiga pengulangan pola fungsi tindakan pelaku, dengan tujuh persebaran fungsi pelaku yang sesuai/lengkap dengan Propp (lingkungan aksi: penjarah; pemberi (donor); pembantu/penolong; seorang putri (yang dicari) dan ayahnya; perantara/utusan; pahlawan/wira; dan pahlawan palsu. Narasi kaba ini membuktian relevasi dan equivalensi struktur kesejagadannya dengan pola-pola cerita peri Rusia yang diteliti Propp. Fungsi-fungsi tindakan dikemukakan Propp itu pada kaba KBPS bukan semata sebuah hasil rekayasa dan kejeniusan tukang cerita, hal itu juga keajaiban universalitasnya dalam penciptaan struktur naratif tradisional yang unik.Kata-kata kunci: Bonsu Pinang Sibaribuik, fungsi, morfologi cerita rakyat, struktur naratif, universal, Vladimir Propp AbstractThis article analyses a traditional Minangkabau epic narrative entitled Kaba Bonsu Pinang Sibaribuik (KBPS) by using Vladimir Propp’s morphology of folktale. By using qualitative method and the theory of the function of action in Propp’s theory, this research proves that the function of action of the narrative is very relevant to the Propp’s pattern. From the analysis it was found that there are 29 functions (act of actions) in the narrative compared with 31 functions stated by Propp, with three movements of the story or three repetition of the functions of action with seven extent of function of acts that are fit to Propp invented (the circle of action: villain; donor; helper; a princess and her father; dispatcher; hero; and false hero). This narrative has proved its pattern has a universal structure as the pattern of fairy tales studied by Propp. The function of action proposed by Propp as revealed in the narrative of BPS is not a mere story telling intelligence, it is also as wonderful of the universality pattern in the making of unique traditional narrative structure.Keywords: Bonsu Pinang Sibaribuik; function, morphology of folktale, narrative structure; universal, Vladimir Propp.
ANALISIS TINDAK TUTUR ILOKUSI DI CUITAN AKUN TWITTER @SUDJIWOTEDJO PADA BULAN FEBRUARI 2020 []
Authors: Marwuni Wulan Tri , Utomo Asep Purwo Yudi 
Published: September 2020

Media sosial merupakan sesuatu yang tak dapat dilepaskan dari kehidupan manusia zaman sekarang. Salah satu media sosial yang digandrungi oleh masyarakat saat ini adalah Twitter. Penggunanya bukan kaum milenial saja tetapi juga orang-orang yang menjadi tokoh penting. Salah satu tokoh yang aktif menggunakan twitter adalah Sudjiwo Tedjo. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tindak tutur ilokusi yang terdapat dalam cuitan akun twitter @sudjiwotedjo. Selain itu, juga untuk mengetahui karakteristik dari cuitan akun tersebut. Peneliti menggumpulkan cuitan dari akun @sudjiwotedjo kemudian mengklasifikasikan cuitan yang mengandung tindak tutur ilokusi dalam akun tersebut. Setelah itu, penulis baru dapat memberikan makna dari cuitan yang mengandung tindak tutur ilokusi. Akun @sudjiwotedjo merupakan akun yang positif meskipun urakan. Dikatakan akun positif karena dalam bulan Februari 2020, akun tersebut beberapa kali memberikan sindiran untuk koruptor dan buzzer-buzzer. Kritikannya tak hanya menyasar orang-orang penting tapi terkadang juga mengritik balasan dari pengikutnya. Dikatakan akun urakan karena dalam cuitannya sering kali muncul kata “asu” dan “jancuk”. Dengan adanya penelitian ini diharapkan pengguna Twitter lebih bijak dalam menangkap makna di setiap cuitan yang mereka temui.
DEIKSIS DALAM BAHASA TOMBULU
Authors: Moningka Louisa Rina 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to describe the form and function of tombulu language deixis. This research is qualitative with descriptive method especially in collecting data scientifically, and producing linguistic rules in linguistics. Data for analysis need are sourced from the field and literature. Field data is collected through informants, and library data is taken from books. Data collection techniques used direct observation techniques, tapping records, notes, and interviews. For data analysis, the inductive method is adopted. The results of this study indicate that in terms of the form of tombulu language deixis can be in the form of a morpheme, a word and a phrase. In terms of function depends on the type of deixis. In tombulu only one form of deixis refer to him male and female. Deixis to designate a place in tombulu is known for three distinctions. While the possessive contructive of tombulu language is stick-right. In the syntactic distribution, the possessive construct of the tombulu language stick-right morpheme, clearly showing the characteristics of a consistent VO type language. Through deixis pointing in Tombulu language can answer Frei’s hypothesis, which says that the higher the level of culture, the simpler the language deictic system concerned. In the case of Tombulu language deixis especially the place deixis can reflect the low level of Tombulu culture. Keywords : deixis, Tombulu, language
In Search for Qualitative Inquiry In Second Language Acquisition
Authors: Tulung Golda J. 
Published: September 2020

Dunia akademik tempat ilmu pengetahuan dihasilkan tidak luput dari tradisi pengggunaan suatu metode penelittian yaang sudah lama dipakai dan berakar dalam suatu bidang ilmu tertentu. Dalam bidang pemerolehan bahasa kedua, peneliitian kuantitatif dalam paradigma positvisme sudah menjadi menjadi tradisi sedangkan penelitian kualitatif dalam paradigma konstruktivisme baru mulai menunjukkan keberdaannya. artikel ini membahas keberadaan penelitian kualitatif dalam bidang pemerolehan bahasa kedua dengan melihat kembali tradisi dan konsep dasar penelitian dalam bidang ini, memaparkan empat strategi potensial dalam penelitian kualitatif dan meninjau beberapa penelitian kuallitatif dalam bidang ini, serta menunjukkan arah penelitian selanjutnya untuk bidang pemerolehan bahasa kedua ini.