bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salud bucal y estado nutricional en niños de hogares ICBF en un barrio de Cartagena
Authors: Madera Anaya Meisser , Leal Acosta Carlos , Tirado Amador Lesbia 
Published: August 2020

Introducción: Describir la relación entre salud bucal y el estado nutricional en niños de hogares infantiles del Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar (ICBF) del barrio El Pozón, Cartagena.
Métodos: Mediante un diseño de corte transversal, se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 208 participantes entre 0 y 5 años. Se recolectaron datos sociodemográficos, hábitos de higiene bucal, las condiciones de salud bucal y medidas antropométricas para determinar el estado nutricional a través de índice de masa corporal (IMC) ajustado por edad y sexo de la Organización Mundial de la Salud-OMS. Lo datos fueron organizados y analizados a través de estadística descriptiva e inferencial, asumiendo un límite de significancia de 0.05.
Resultados: El 51,4% de los participantes fueron niñas, la edad promedio fue de 3,3 (DE=1,6) años, el 77,4% se cepilla entre 1 y 2 veces al día, el 53,4% utiliza crema dental para adultos. El 49,5% estaban en estado nutricional normal, seguido de sobrepeso con el 25,5%. Las enfermedades bucales más prevalente fueron caries dental 34,6% (IC:95%=28,1%-41,1%) e hipoplasia del esmalte con el 13,9% (IC:95%=9,2%-18,7%). Existió relación entre el estado nutricional y la presencia de caries (p=0.03) y riesgo de caries (p=0.02).
Conclusiones: Se encontró relación entre la presencia y riesgo de caries dental con el estado nutricional en niños de 0 a 5 años de hogares infantiles del ICBF del barrio El Pozón. Por lo tanto, es probable que exista alguna relación entre el estado nutricional y la salud bucal. No obstante, se requiere de más investigaciones que confirmen estos hallazgos y ayuden a identificar factores determinantes de la salud en la población estudiada
Personalized Yoga Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis: Effect on Symptom Management and Quality of Life
Authors: Vasudevan Saraswathi , Devulapally Shakuntala , Chirravuri Kamala , Elangovan Vidhubala , Kesavan Niraimathi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to assess the feasibility of personalized yoga therapy intervention in a private setting and its effect on quality of life (QOL), sleep quality, and symptom relief among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). A single-group pre- and post-experimental study was conducted among 10 members of the Multiple Sclerosis Society of India between December 2017 and April 2018. At baseline and during follow-up, QOL, sleep quality, symptoms, and pain were assessed using the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, MS Symptom Checklist, and visual analogue scale, respectively. The intervention comprised 12 private customized yoga sessions of 1 hour duration and three group sessions, all spread over 3-months. Patient feedback and direct observations by the yoga therapist we re documented at each session. Ten patients (seven female, three male, age 31–52 years) were enrolled in the yoga intervention; seven completed 8–12 sessions, and three completed fewer than 5 sessions. Therapist-to-patient ratio was 1:2. All domains except sexual function showed clinically significant improvement in QOL scores. Statistically significant improvement was found in social function (p = 0.014) and change in health status (p = 0.029) scores after the intervention. Although there was improvement in pain and sleep quality, these changes were not statistically significant. Patients reported improvement in symptoms with practice of yoga alongside lifestyle changes. The study supports the feasibility of this 3-month yoga intervention for patients with MS. Studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm our findings.
Development and psychometric properties of a questionnaire to assess the female quality of sexual life
Authors: Maasoumi Raziyeh , Nazifi Morteza , Mokhtarinia Zahra , Stallones Lorann 
Published: August 2020

Background & Aim: Proper assessment of the quality of sexual life requires having access to psychometrically sound instruments. The present study aimed to develop an instrument to assess Iranian women’s quality of sexual life.
Methods & Materials: This was a mixed-method study with exploratory design; at first, the Iranian women’s perception of the quality of sexual life was explored. An initial 73-item version of the questionnaire was generated according to qualitative findings and the review of the literature. Then, psychometric characteristics consist of face, content, construct, convergent validity, and internal consistency were assessed. A total of 450 women completed the developed questionnaire, ENRICH scale, and sexual quality of the life-female questionnaire.
Results: The results of face validity were satisfactory. The content validity index and content validity ratio were found to be .92 and .80, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis identified six factors accounted for 51.92% of the variance. The identified six factors that were also confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis with acceptable goodness of fit indices. Correlations between the total scores and the dimensions of sexual quality of life-female questionnaire and ENRICH ranged from .414 to .747. Total and the range of Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the explored subscales were 0.94 and 0.94 to 0.60 respectively.
Conclusion: This study provided a valid and reliable 36-items questionnaire to holistically assess Iranian women’s quality of sexual life. It will be useful as a self-reported measure in research and clinical practice of women’s sexual health.
Nursing students’ perception and associated factors towards their educational environment in governmental universities of southwest Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Workneh Fego Melese , Olani Adugna , Tesfaye Temamen 
Published: August 2020

Background & Aim: Due to many negative aspects of the educational environment students’ have not well attained their professional demands that affect their perception and qualities of nursing care delivered to the community. The study was aimed to assess nursing students’ perception and associated factors towards their educational environment in governmental universities of Southwest Ethiopia.
Methods & Materials: Institution based cross-sectional study was employed on 422 study subjects from April 9 to 23/2019. Proportionally allocated a simple random sampling technique was used to select the participants. The data was collected using a validated self-administered Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire and entered by Epi data 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Simple and multiple linear regressions were used and a total DREEM mean score, sub scores, and SD were computed. A P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: Overall mean perception of nursing students was 124.76/200 with Standard deviation (SD) of 0.065 which implies that more positive than the negative educational environment. The DREEM subscales mean scores of students’ perception of learning, perception of teachers, academic self-perception, perception of atmospheres and students’ social self-perception were 31.64/48, 25.4/44, 22.52/32, 29.17/48 and 16.08/28 with SD of (0.204,0.098,0.075,0.060 and 0.101) respectively. The multiple linear regressions revealed that there was statistically a significant relationship between students’ perception with study years, support system, learning facilities; and memory, learning motivation, satisfaction, academic status, gender, marital status receptively.
Conclusion: Even though nursing students’ perception of their educational environment was more positive than negative, it is not most satisfactory. Thus, to make it more attractive and an excellent university should adopt different strategies.
Büro çalışanlarında sağlığın geliştirilmesi müdahale çalışması; kazanılan deneyimler ve yaşanan güçlükler
Authors: ÖZCEBE Hilal , BİLİR Nazmi , KONŞUK ÜNLÜ Hande , KİN İŞLER Ayşe , KOŞAR Şükran Nazan 
Published: August 2020

Amaç: İşyerlerinde sağlığın geliştirilmesi önemli çalışma
alanlarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Bu proje kapsamında bir devlet kuruluşu
ile bir üniversite arasında yapılan protokol çerçevesinde büro çalışanlarına
yönelik sağlığın geliştirilmesi müdahale modeli geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Proje
çalışmalarının başında durum saptama çalışması yapılmıştır. Müdahaleler
sırasında konferans, poster ve broşürler, bilgisayar üzerinden kısa mesajlar ve
etkinlikler düzenlenmiştir. Müdahale sonrasında tekrar bir araştırma ile
katılanların davranış değişiklikleri ve proje hakkındaki görüşleri
öğrenilmiştir. Bulgular: Projenin
birinci ve ikinci aşama çalışmalarına katılan 441 kişinin müdahaleler
hakkındaki görüşleri ve beyan ettikleri davranış değişiklikleri değerlendirilmiştir.
Katılımcıların %78.1’i proje çerçeevsinde yapılan müdahaleleri çok etkili ve
etkili olarak değerlendirmişlerdir. Çalışmaya katılanların %70,7’si son bir yıl içinde daha sağlıklı olmaya
özen gösterdiklerini belirtmişlerdir. En fazla yapılan davranış
değişikliği spor yapma (%46.2), kiloyu koruma (%37.8), kilo verme (%31.1), yeme
alışkanlıklarını sağlıklı hale getirme (%31.1) olmuştur. Geçen yıl sigara içen
104 kişiden %10.6’sı sigarayı bırakmış, %6.7’si günde içtiği sigara sayısını
azaltmıştır. Stresini azaltmayı sağlama ise %16.3 olarak belirtilmiştir. Sonuç: Büro
çalışanlarında sağlığın geliştirilmesi amacına yönelik bu çalışma Türkiye’de
ilk kez yapılan bir örnektir. Büro tipi işyerlerinde kişilerin sağlıklı
beslenme, fiziksel aktivitelerinin artırılması ve tütün kullanımının
bıraktırılmasına ilişkin bilgilendirme, farkındalık artırma ve ortam oluşturma
gibi müdahalelerin kurum olanaklarıyla gerçekleştirilebileceği bu çalışmada
gösterilmiştir. Tüm
bu çalışmaların sonuçlarıyla “büro tipi işyerlerinde sağlığın geliştirilmesine”
yönelik bir model oluşturulabileceği görüşündeyiz.
Arthroscopic Evaluation and Treatment of Complications That Arise Following Prosthetic Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Parker David B. , Smith Andrew C. , Fleckenstein Cassie M. , Hasan Samer S. 
Published: August 2020

» Arthroscopy may be used to diagnose symptomatic glenoid loosening following anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA), and arthroscopic glenoid component removal may suffice as treatment for some patients.» Arthroscopy may be used to diagnose shoulder prosthetic joint infection (PJI) following aTSA and reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). Tissues are biopsied from multiple sites within the joint and the subdeltoid or subacromial space, and they are cultured for a minimum of 14 days.» Postoperative adhesions arising after prosthetic shoulder arthroplasty (PSA) may be released arthroscopically. However, other problems contributing to shoulder stiffness such as component malpositioning or shoulder PJI require additional intervention.» Arthroscopy may be used to repair select rotator cuff tears that arise acutely following aTSA, but chronic attritional tears do not heal after repair; therefore, revision to RSA often is needed.» Many complications following PSA, such as infection, fixed instability, humeral component loosening, and major humeral or glenoid bone loss, are not adequately treated using arthroscopic techniques. However, arthroscopy following PSA may help to diagnose and treat other complications, even as the precise indications following aTSA and RSA remain unclear.
Highly multiplexed quantifications of 299 somatic mutations in colorectal cancer patients by automated MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
Authors: Xu Chang , Peng Danli , Li Jialu , Chen Meihua , Hu Yujie , Hou Mingliang , Shang Qingjuan , Liang Qi , Li Jie , Li Wenfeng , Wu Xiaoli , Liu Changbao , Hu Wanle , Cai Mao , Zhang Huxiang , Chen Guorong , Yu Lingling , Zheng Xiaoqun , Jiang Feizhao , Luan Ju , Jin Shengnan , Ding Chunming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Detection of somatic mutations in tumor tissues helps to understand tumor biology and guide treatment selection. Methods such as quantitative PCR can analyze a few mutations with high efficiency, while next generation sequencing (NGS) based methods can analyze hundreds to thousands of mutations. However, there is a lack of cost-effective method for quantitatively analyzing tens to a few hundred mutations of potential biological and clinical significance. Methods: Through a comprehensive database and literature review we selected 299 mutations associated with colorectal cancer. We then designed a highly multiplexed assay panel (8-wells covering 299 mutations in 109 genes) based on an automated MADLI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) platform. The multiplex panel was tested with a total of 319 freshly frozen tissues and 92 FFPE samples from 229 colorectal cancer patients, with 13 samples also analyzed by a targeted NGS method covering 532 genes. Results: Multiplex somatic mutation panel based on MALDI-TOF MS detected and quantified at least one somatic mutation in 142 patients, with KRAS, TP53 and APC being the most frequently mutated genes. Extensive validation by both capillary sequencing and targeted NGS demonstrated high accuracy of the multiplex MS assay. Out of 35 mutations tested with plasmid constructs, sensitivities of 5% and 10% mutant allele frequency were achieved for 19 and 16 mutations, respectively. Conclusions: Automated MALDI-TOF MS offers an efficient and cost-effective platform for highly multiplexed quantitation of 299 somatic mutations, which may be useful in studying the biological and clinical significance of somatic mutations with large numbers of cancer tissues.
Medical Costs of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency-Associated COPD in the United States
Authors: Sieluk Jan , Slejko Julia F , Silverman Henry , Perfetto Eleanor , Mullins C. Daniel 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

There are limited data on economic aspects of the genetic variant of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the context of the more prevalent form of COPD. The objective of this study was to isolate the healthcare resource utilization and economic burden attributable to the presence of a genetic factor among COPD patients with and without Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (AATD), twelve months before and after their initial COPD diagnosis.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of OptumLabs® Data Warehouse claims (OLDW; 2000 – 2017). The OLDW is a comprehensive, longitudinal real-world data asset with de-identified lives across claims and clinical information. AATD-associated COPD cases were matched with up to 10 unique non-AATD-associated COPD controls. Healthcare resource use and costs were assigned into the following categories: office (OV), outpatient (OP), and emergency room visits (ER), inpatients stays (IP), prescription drugs (RX), and other services (OTH). A generalized linear model was used to estimate total pre- and post-index (initial COPD diagnosis) costs from a third-party payer’s perspective (2018 USD) controlling for confounders. Healthcare resource utilization was estimated using a negative binomial regression.

Results

The study population consisted of 8,881 patients (953 cases matched with 7,928 controls). The AATD-associated COPD cohort had higher expenditures and use of OV and OTH services, as well as OV, OP, ER, RX, and OTH before and after the index date, respectively. Adjusted total cost ratios for AATD-associated COPD patients as compared to controls were 2.04 [95% CI: 1.60 – 2.59] and 1.98 [95% CI: 1.55 – 2.52] while the incremental cost difference totaled $6,861 [95% CI: $3,025 - $10,698] and $5,772 [95% CI: $1,940 - $9,604] per patient before and after the index date, respectively.

Conclusions

Twelve months before and after their initial COPD diagnosis, patients with AATD incur higher healthcare utilization costs that are double the cost of similar COPD patients without AATD. This study also suggests that increased costs of AATD-associated COPD are not solely attributable to augmentation therapy use. Future studies should further explore the relationship between augmentation therapy, healthcare resource use, and other AATD-associated COPD expenditures.
National mapping of soil-transmitted helminth and schistosome infections in Ethiopia
Authors: Leta Gemechu Tadesse , Mekete Kalkidan , Wuletaw Yonas , Gebretsadik Abeba , Sime Heven , Mekasha Sindew , Woyessa Adugna , Shafi Oumer , Vercruysse Jozef , Grimes Jack ET , Gardiner Iain , French Michael , Levecke Bruno , Drake Lesley , Harrison Wendy , Fenwick Alan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: An accurate understanding of the geographical distributions of both soil-transmitted helminths (STHs; Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and the hookworms Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale) and schistosomes (SCH; Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium) is pivotal to be able to effectively design and implement mass drug administration (MDA) programmes. The objective of this study was to provide up-to-date data on the distribution of both STH and SCH in Ethiopia to inform the design of the national control program and to be able to efficiently achieve the 75% MDA coverage target set by the WHO.Methods: Between 2013 and 2015, we assessed the distributions of STH and SCH infections in a nationwide survey covering 153,238 school-aged children (aged 5–15 years), from 625 woredas (districts), representing all nine Regional States and two City Administrations of Ethiopia. Nationwide disease maps were developed at the woreda level to enable recommendations on the design of the national MDA programme.Results: The prevalence of any STH infection across the study population was 21.7%, with A. lumbricoides (12.8%) being the most prevalent STH, followed by hookworms (7.6%) and T. trichiura (5.9%). The prevalence for any SCH was 4.0% in areas where both SCH species were evaluated. Schistosoma mansoni was the most prevalent SCH (3.5 vs 0.3%). STHs were more prevalent in southwest Ethiopia, whereas SCH was found mostly in the west and northeast of the country. The prevalence of moderate-to-heavy intensity infections was 2.0% for STHs and 1.6% for SCH. For STH, a total of 251 woredas were classified as moderately (n = 178) or highly endemic (n = 73), and therefore qualify for an annual and biannual MDA program, respectively. For SCH, 67 woredas were classified as endemic and 8 as highly endemic, and hence they require every two years and annual MDA programme, respectively.Conclusions: The results confirm that Ethiopia is endemic for both STHs and SCH, posing a significant public health problem. Following the WHO recommendations on mass drug administration, 18 and 14 million school-aged children are in need of MDA for STHs and SCH, respectively, based on the number of SACs that live on the eligible geographical areas.
The Invasion Depth Measurement of Bladder Cancer based on MRI
Authors: Liu Yang , Zheng Haojie , Xu Xiaopan , Zhang Xi , Du Peng , Liang Jimin , Lu Hongbing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Invasion depth is an important index for staging and clinical treatment strategy of bladder cancer (BCa). The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of segmenting the BCa region from bladder wall region on MRI, and quantitatively measuring the invasion depth of the tumor mass in bladder lumen for further clinical decision-making. This retrospective study involved 20 eligible patients with postoperatively pathologically-confirmed BCa. It was conducted in the following steps: (1) a total of 1159 features were extracted from each voxel of both the certain cancerous and wall tissues with the T2-weighted (T2W) MRI data; (2) the support vector machine (SVM)-based recursive feature elimination (RFE) method was implemented to first select an optimal feature subset, and then develop the classification model for the precise separation of the cancerous regions; (3) after excluding the cancerous region from the bladder wall, the three-dimensional bladder wall thickness (BWT) was calculated using Laplacian method, and the invasion depth of BCa was eventually defined by the subtraction of the minimum BWT of the cancerous region and the mean BWT other than the cancerous region.Results: The segmented results showed a promising accuracy, with the mean Dice similarity coefficient of 0.921. The “soft boundary” defined by the voxels with the probabilities between 0.1 and 0.9 could demonstrate the overlapped region of cancerous and wall tissues. The invasion depth calculated from proposed segmentation method was compared with that from manual segmentation, with a mean difference of 0.277 mm.Conclusion: The proposed strategy could accurately segment the BCa region, and, as the first attempt, realize the quantitative measurement of BCa invasion depth.
Indonesian adolescents’ perspectives on smoking habits as a reference for a prevention program: a qualitative study
Authors: fithria fithria , Adlim Muhammad , Jannah Syarifah Rauzatul , Tahlil Teuku 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Religious factors have been used in tobacco control campaigns. However, the prevalence of smoking among adolescents is still high in some countries, especially in Indonesia. This qualitative research aimed to explore the perspectives of Muslim adolescents on smoking habits as a reference for developing effective prevention programs.Methods: Three focus group discussions involving 24 junior high school students (mean age=13.75 years) were the main source of data for this phenomenological qualitative study. The discussion guide was developed by the researchers based on the reviewed literature and validated by experts. The research findings were analyzed using an inductive content method with systematic steps based on the stages of qualitative data analysis.Results: Adolescent perspectives on smoking were grouped into two themes: (a) perception, which encompassed three sub-themes: smoking as a social habit, contradictive feelings, and the Islamic perspective; (b) smoking-related factors involving peer pressure, the parents’ smoking status, curiosity, and masculinity.Conclusion: The results indicated that adolescents consider smoking as a social habit but with contradictive feelings. From an Islamic perspective, smoking is not forbidden by the religion’s beliefs. The smoking habit was also stimulated by peer pressure, imitating parents who smoke, curiosity, and feeling masculine. We suggest that health professionals who are interested in developing smoking prevention programs should consider the adolescent perspective on smoking so that the prevention program will be more effective and appropriate for adolescents.