bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lo cotidiano de las partes del cuerpo y su vida social
Authors: Díaz Raquel , Cortés Ana Lucía 
Published: January 2020

Raquel Díaz Bustamante es antropóloga de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Bogotá. Durante su formación universitaria participó en el énfasis de antropología de la salud y esto la llevó a hacer una maestría en Bioética en la misma institución. Desde hace varios años ha trabajado como docente en la Universidad Icesi y ha podido investigar sobre el tema del cuerpo en temas concernientes a la salud sexual reproductiva, la donación de órganos y tejidos y el uso de partes anatómicas en el desarrollo de tecnologías médicas y medicamentos biotecnológicos.
El tema de la donación de órganos es uno del que no se habla todos los días, sin embargo es tan cotidiano como la vida misma, ya que se refiere a nuestro cuerpo, a la salud y también a la muerte. En el año 2016 se dio a conocer la Ley 1805 del 04 de agosto, cuyo propósito es el de ampliar la presunción legal de donación de órganos y tejidos humanos para trasplantes y otros usos terapéuticos (Ley 1805, 2016).
Durante el mismo año se llevó a cabo un proyecto de investigación que se vio bien favorecido en un concurso de inter-facultades en la Universidad Icesi, logrando un acercamiento entre las facultades de derecho y ciencias sociales y la de medicina
Endoscopic malleus button hole myringoplasty
Authors: Prinja Sumit , Singh Gurbax , Davessar Jai Lal , Parmar Suchina , Singh Ramandeep 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Myringoplasty or type-1 tympanoplasty is surgical procedure that is used for repair of the tympanic membrane. The result outcome of myringoplasty depends on several variables such as method of tympanoplasty taken whether endoscopic and microscopic, of size of perforation, bony overhang, eustachian tube function, state of the middle ear mucosa, degree of pneumatization of mastoid and technique of graft placement.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Our study was conducted at G.G.S. Medical College, Faridkot from January 2017 to April 2018. Patients were taken for endoscopic tympanoplasty and graft was placed with buttonhole technique. Results were compared in form of preoperative audiometry and post-operative audiometry done after 3 months. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In our study patients done with endoscopic tympanoplasty with buttonhole technique graft placement showed postoperative audiometry with decreased air bone gap till 10 db in maximum number of patients and 97% patents with graft uptake.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The use of endoscopes has brought a new perspective to ear surgery. The use of endoscopes along with different technique as mentioned of placing graft to prevent all the complications.</p>
Validitas Perangkat Pembelajaran Konsep Pencemaran Lingkungan untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Komunikasi Sains Siswa SMA di Banjarmasin
Authors: Istiqamah Istiqamah 
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran yang valid. Perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan berupa Silabus, Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS), Bahan Ajar, Lembar Penilaian, dan Media Pembelajaran. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research & Development (R&D) dan dikembangkan menggunakan model ASSURE serta dianalisis secara deskriptif. Penelitian dan pengembangan ini difokuskan pada proses uji validasi. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan produk pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran yang valid. Untuk mengetahui tingkat validitas perangkat penelitian ini melalui tahapan validasi ahli (pakar perangkat pembelajaran) dan validasi pengguna (Siswa). Uji ahli (validasi) ini dilakukan oleh 3 validator yang merupakan pakar dibidang pendidikan, sedangkan uji pengguna dilakukan oleh 3 validator yaitu 3 orang siswa kelas X Madrasah Aliyah Muhammadiyah 1 Banjarmasin yang diambil berdasarkan tingkatan akademik siswa untuk menguji keterbacaan LKS, Bahan Ajar dan Lembar Penilaian kognitif (LP-1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat validitas perangkat pembelajaran dari validasi ahli adalah valid. Hasil validasi tersebut yaitu silabus 73,33% (cukup valid), RPP 72,37% (cukup valid), LKS 72,43% (cukup valid), Bahan Ajar 73,43% (cukup valid), dan lembar penilaian 75% (cukup valid), dan Media Pembelajaran 73,2% (cukup valid). Hasil validasi pengguna menunjukkan kategori baik.Dengan demikian, maka disimpulkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran tergolong valid.
FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL INICIAL DA CLASSE TRABALHADORA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Alves Natália 
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo, pretendemos dar conta do processo de aprendizagem profissional da classe trabalhadora portuguesa. Recorrendo a uma abordagem de natureza histórica, baseada fundamentalmente, na revisão da literatura e na análise de dispositivos legais, analisamos e discutimos a estruturação e escolarização da formação profissional inicial, destinada à formação da mão de obra juvenil, desde a criação da Aula de Comércio, em 1759, até à atualidade. Através desta análise, pretendemos demonstrar a forma como, ao longo do tempo, as modalidades de formação profissional inicial se mantiveram fiéis a algumas das suas finalidades originais, introduziram outras, em função das alterações ocorridas no sistema capitalista, mas nunca deixaram de desempenhar um papel ativo no processo de reprodução social.Palavras-chave: Formação profissional inicial. Aprendizagem profissional. Desigualdades sociais. Reprodução social.INITIAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING OF THE PORTUGUESE WORKING CLASSAbstractIn this paper, we intend to account for the professional learning process of the Portuguese working class. Using a historical approach, based mainly on literature review and legal framework analysis, we analyse and discuss the structuring and formalisation of initial vocational training, aimed at the formation of youth workforce, since the creation of the Aula do Comércio in 1759 to the present time. Through this analysis, we intend to demonstrate how, over time, the modalities of initial vocational training kept true to some of their original purposes, introduced others, due to changes in the capitalist system, but never failed to play an active role in the process of social reproduction.Keywords: Initial vocational training. Professional learning. Social inequalities. Social reproduction.FORMACIÓN PROFESIONAL INICIAL DE LA CLASE OBRERA PORTUGUESAResumenEn este artículo, pretendemos dar cuenta del proceso de aprendizaje profesional de la clase trabajadora portuguesa. Utilizando un enfoque histórico, basado principalmente en la revisión de la literatura y el análisis de las disposiciones legales, analizamos y discutimos la estructuración y la escolarización de la formación profesional inicial, dirigida a la formación de la fuerza laboral juvenil, desde la creación de la Clase de Comercio. en 1759 hasta la actualidad. A través de este análisis, pretendemos demostrar cómo, con el tiempo, las modalidades de la formación profesional inicial se mantuvieron fieles a algunos de sus propósitos originales, introdujeron otros, debido a cambios en el sistema capitalista, pero nunca dejaron de desempeñar un papel. activo en el proceso de reproducción social.Palabras clave: Formación profesional inicial. Aprendizaje profesional Desigualdades sociales. Reproducción social.
BANK WAKAF MIKRO SEBAGAI SARANA PEMBERDAYAAN PADA USAHA MIKRO, KECIL DAN MENENGAH
Authors: Balqis Wizna Gania , Sartono Tulus 
Published: January 2020

<p>Bank Wakaf Mikro merupakan lembaga keuangan mikro syariah yang fokus pada pembiayaan masyarakat kecil dengan pola bagi hasil, serta lembaga ini murni untuk pembiayaan. Dana yang digunakan berasal donasi dari perseorangan, lembaga maupun korporasi melalui Lembaga Amil Zakat Nasional (LAZNAS). Latar belakang didirikannya Bank Wakaf Mikro adalah karena sulitnya akses permodalan terhadap sektor Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) guna mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan tentang mekanisme kerja Bank Wakaf Mikro dalam pemberdayaan pada UMKM dan akad yang digunakan pada Bank Wakaf Mikro di lingkungan pondok pesantren. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum empiris dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme pembiayaannya Bank Wakaf Mikro berbasis kelompok dan imbal hasil yang didapat sebesar 3% tanpa agunan.<strong> </strong>Transaksi dalam lembaga keuangan syariah harus menggunakan akad yang sesuai dengan nilai-nilai syariah.</p>
Des réseaux de référence au service de l’élevage durable de demain
Authors: LUCBERT J. , DOCKÈS A.C. , GERVREAU G. , MADELINE Y. , SEEGERS J. , BAUMONT R. , PEYRAUD J.L. 
Published: January 2020

Nouvelles de la Recherche :
Des réseaux de référence au service de l’élevage durable de demain
Diversité des relations affiliatives chez les ovins en situation d’élevage : mécanismes comportementaux et neurobiologiques
Authors: NOWAK R. , CHAILLOU E. , GAUDIN S. , GUESDON V. , LÉVY F. 
Published: January 2020

Les ovins sont bien connus pour développer différentes formes d’attachement social. Le déclenchement de la motivation maternelle et le développement d’un lien mutuel entre la mère et son jeune sont sous l’influence combinée de stimulations hormonales et somato-sensorielles périphériques. Ces stimulations sont fournies par la parturition chez la mère et par les premiers épisodes de tétée chez le nouveau-né. Des changements neurophysiologiques profonds sont observés dans les bulbes olfactifs principaux de la brebis, alors qu’ils sont exposés à des odeurs d’agneau nouveau-né. L’activation de l’hypothalamus consécutive à la mise bas contribue à l’expression de la motivation maternelle et à la mémorisation des odeurs de l’agneau. L’hypothalamus et l’amygdale sont également activés chez le nouveau-né suite à l’ingestion de colostrum. L’ocytocine, un neuropeptide connu pour jouer un rôle clé dans les comportements prosociaux, facilite la construction de la relation mère-jeune. Lorsque des agneaux nouveau-nés sont séparés de leur mère pour être artificiellement nourris, une pratique agricole très commune, ils sont profondément affectés. Les réponses neuroendocrinologiques suggèrent que les agneaux sont dans une situation de détresse. Cependant, si un humain prend soin d’eux, une liaison interspécifique se met en place, facilitée par des contacts sociaux positifs dans lesquels l’allaitement au biberon ou les caresses jouent un rôle clé. De tels contacts activent le système ocytocinergique, comme cela est observé dans la construction du lien mère-jeune. Ainsi, dans des conditions d’élevage artificiel, l’être humain devient une figure d’attachement saillante qui se substitue à la mère et qui peut faciliter la gestion des agneaux.
Du phénotype à la mutation causale : le cas des anomalies récessives bovines
Authors: DUCHESNE A. , GROHS C. , MICHOT P. , BERTAUD M. , BOICHARD D. , FLORIOT S. , CAPITAN A. 
Published: January 2020

Cet article présente la méthodologie utilisée pour identifier la mutation responsable d’une anomalie génétique à partir de cas d’animaux affectés. Dans un premier temps, une collection de cas aussi homogènes que possible est constituée, de la même race et avec les mêmes signes cliniques, complétée par une population témoin apparentée mais non atteinte. Une analyse de pedigree est possible pour rechercher l’ancêtre commun qui a pu transmettre l’anomalie à chacun des cas. Le génotypage par puce permet de mettre en évidence très rapidement une petite région du génome homozygote et identique à tous les marqueurs qui contient la mutation recherchée. La mutation est ensuite identifiée par séquençage du génome de quelques cas, filtrage des variants observés sur la base d’une part, de leur présence chez d’autres animaux, et d’autre part, de leur annotation fonctionnelle. Une validation statistique est ensuite pratiquée par génotypage à grande échelle, pour vérifier l’association totale entre génotype et phénotype. Enfin, la causalité de la mutation est étudiée par analyse fonctionnelle, incluant l’analyse des ARN et des protéines, l’imagerie cellulaire, voire la création de modèles transgéniques.
Repeat Induced Abortion And Associated Factors Among Women Seeking Abortion Care Services At Debre Markos Town Health Institutions, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, 2017.
Authors: Waktola Mahlet Imana , Mekonen Dawit Gebeyehu , Nigussie Tewodros Seyoum , Cherkose Endeshaw Adimasu , Abate Addisu Taye 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Objective the aim of this study was to assess the proportion and determinants of repeat induced abortion among women seeking abortion care services at Debremarkos town health institutions, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia, 2017. Result from the total 567-sample size, 547 women were participated in the study making a response rate of 96.5%. In this study 191 woman reported that they had at least one previous abortion, making the proportion of repeat induced abortion 34.9%. In multivariable logistic regression analysis; illiteracy (AOR=8.45, 95%CI; 1.85, 36.49), living in an urban area (AOR=5.14, 95%CI; 2.29, 11.53), having multiple sexual partner (AOR=6.16, 95%CI; 3.25, 11.68), consuming alcohol (AOR=2.77, 95%CI; 1.52, 5.05) and having a history of physical violence by a male partner (AOR=2.68, 95%CI; 1.45, 4.94) were significantly associated with repeat induced abortion at p value less than 0.05.
Impact of indoor residual spraying on malaria transmission in the Moïssala health district, Chad
Authors: KODINDO Israel DEMBA , Abel Diomba Dobar , Oumar Adoum Mahamat , Tchonfinet Moundai , Fadel Amen Nakebang , Elise Yangalbé-Kalnoné , Abba Brahim Adef , Belemel Djédion , Peka Mallaye , Clément Kerah-Hinzoumbe 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Backgroud Malaria is a major public health and development problem in Africa. In Chad in 2016, with 720 765 confirmed cases and 1 686 deaths, malaria is the main cause of consultations, hospitalizations and deaths in health facilities. A longitudinal entomological study was carried out from 07 to 24 December 2016 in the Moïssala health district. The objective of the study was to assess the impact of malaria transmission one year after two cycles of indoor residual spraying of 80% bendiocarb wettable powder (Ficam WP 80 W). Methods Two areas were defined for the study: the town of Dembo, located in the sprayed area, was chosen as the test town and Moïssala, located in the untreated area, was chosen as the control town. Two sampling methods were used: collection of resting endophilic fauna and direct capture of aggressive mosquitoes from human subjects. Results A total of 16 sessions of catches on human subjects totalling 32 man-nights were conducted and 160 rooms were sprayed per site. For 160 sprayed chambers per site, two anopheles were captured in Dembo compared to 547 in Moïssala. Three anophelian species have been morphologically identified. In Moïssala, An gambiae sl ( An colluzzii : 96%, An gambiae : 4%), An funestus and An rufipes were captured at rest in the rooms and on human bait. In Dembo, the two anopheles, An colluzzii and An funestus were captured at rest in the rooms. On human bait as in endophilic fauna, An gambiae sp was the most common species in Moïssala. The aggressive anophelian density was zero in Dembo while it is 9 bites per man per night in Mosesala. Only Anopheles gambiae sp was found infected in aggressive wildlife. The sporozoite index of the aggressive fauna of An gambiae sp was 7.45%. Malaria transmission was estimated at 0.67 infected bites per man per night, or 244.55 infected bites per man per year. In endophilic fauna, An gambiae sp and An rufipes were the two species found infected in Moïssala with sporozoite indices of 6.70% (23/343) and 20% (2/10) respectively. However, in Dembo, neither of the two captured individuals was found infected. Conclusions The indoor residual spraying campaign in the eastern zone of the Moïssala health district has led to the collapse of the density and aggressiveness of malaria vectors. However, its evaluation over a short period of time is not sufficient to assess the impact of malaria transmission in this stable and highly endemic malaria zone.
Competencies for a healthy physically active lifestyle – Validation of an integrative model
Authors: Carl Johannes , Geidl Wolfgang , Sudeck Gorden , Schultz Konrad , Pfeifer Klaus 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose: The model of physical activity-related health competence (PAHCO) provides an integrative and interdisciplinary view on the multitude of competencies that are necessary when people want to lead a physically active lifestyle. For further validation of this framework, the goal of the present study was to extend first measurement models on PAHCO (Sudeck & Pfeifer, 2016) and thereby contribute to the development of a standardized assessment tool. Method: In Study 1, a measurement model with five predictors on PAHCO was tested with 341 COPD patients undergoing inpatient rehabilitation. In Study 2, data from 745 apprentices were used to create an extended eight-factor measurement model. We undertook reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM) to assess the validity of the models. Results: The analyses showed good results for the reliability and discriminant validity of the factors. Accordingly, the CFA revealed satisfactory overall fits for the five-factor as well as for the extended eight-factor measurement model. In addition, the significant associations with physical activity and physical health parameters indicated criterion validity of almost all PAHCO factors. The explained variance of the multivariate models lay between 9.8% and 10.4% in Study 1 and between 9.5% and 21.3% in Study 2.Conclusion: In the present study, it was possible to extract a well-fitting eight-factor measurement model and accumulate further evidence on the validity of the PAHCO model. Future research should strive for a cross-validation of the measurement model and more deeply investigate the internal structure of the eight factors.
Increased frequency of myeloid-derived suppressor cells facilitating skin allograft survival in aged mice
Authors: Lee Weichen , Wang Yu-Chao , Hsu Hsiu-Ying , Hsu Pao-Yueh , Cheng Chih-Hsien , Lee Chen-Fang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background More and more aged people have organ transplantation recently. Aging process may have an influence on immunity, which conducts an adjustment of immunosuppressive agents to prevent adverse effects. Understanding of aging effects on immunity will be helpful for post-transplant care of aged recipients. Results A mouse model using C3H mice as donors and aged/young C57BL/10J mice as recipients was employed to study the aging effects on immunity. The frequency of CD4 + , CD8 + and native CD4 + foxp3 + regulatory T-cells in the spleen were not different between aged and young mice. However, the frequency of CD11b + Gr-1 + myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) was higher in aged mice (4.4 ± 1.4% versus 1.6 ± 1.1%, p=0.026). To measure cytokines in the serum, the level of TGF-β was higher in aged mice than in young mice (21.04 ± 3.91ng/ml versus 15.26 ± 5.01ng/ml, p = 0.026). In vitro, enriched T-cells from aged mice had lower proliferation capacity (0.350±0.003 O.D. versus 0.430±0.017 O.D. at responders/stimulatory cells = 100/1) and lower Ag-specific cytotoxic ability (21.2 ± 3.0% versus 39.3 ± 4.8% at target cell/effector cells = 1/100, p=0.003) than T-cells from young mice. In vivo, the skin allografts survived on aged recipients was 19.7 ± 5.2 days, compared 11.9 ± 4.1 days on young mice (p = 0.005). When entinostat was applied to aged mice to block MDSC, the survival of skin allografts was shorten to 13.5 ± 4.7 days which was not different from the survival on young mice (p = 0.359). Conclusion The allogeneic immunity was lower in aged than in young mice evidenced by a higher frequency of MDSC, higher serum level of TGF-β, decreased function of T-cells, and easy-to-induced regulatory T-cells in aged mice. Blocking the function of MDSC reversed the low immunity in aged mice and cause skin allograft rejection similar to young recipients.
Decomposition analysis of modern contraceptive use among currently married women in Ethiopia: EDHS 2000-2016
Authors: Mengesha Endalekachew Worku , Zelellw Desalegne Amare , Fenta Haile Mekonnen 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Contraceptive use is an essential care to reduce maternal and child mortality by preventing unwanted pregnancy and abortion. Despite different studies are conducted related to family planning services, difference in characteristics of changes and the effects of population behavior were not well addressed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the trend of modern contraceptive use, and investigate the difference in characteristics of changes and the effects of population behavior in the use of modern contraceptives.Methods The data source were from a four consecutive Ethiopia demographic and health surveys of women with complete interview file from 2000 -2016. The total sampled married women considered for this study were 9,380 (2000), 8,644(2005), 10,204(2011) and 9,824 (2016). Descriptive analysis was applied to describe socio demographic variables, fertility desire and media exposure. Multivariate decomposition analysis was carried out to investigate the changes in characteristics and effect of population behavior in modern contraceptive use.Results The trend of modern contraceptive use was steadily increased from 6% in 2000 to 35% in 2016. The overall decomposition change in modern contraceptive use among married women was 8.3% (2000 to 2016); due to difference in characteristics. Variables contribute for the change are religion, residence, women’s and partners’ education, women’s and partners’ occupation, head of house hold, history of abortion and media of exposure.Conclusion The trend of modern contraceptive use was steadily increased in all surveys. The change in contraceptive use was due to change in characteristics and population health behavior.