bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological studies regarding hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A review
Authors: Iwama Noriyuki , Ishikuro Mami , Tanaka Kosuke , Satoh Michihiro , Murakami Takahisa , Metoki Hirohito 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) is defined as hypertension emerging after 20 weeks of gestation and resolving up to 12 weeks post‐partum, and occurs in about 5% of all pregnancies. Complications associated with HDP have poor prognoses, and maternal deaths attributable to HDP are predicted to exceed 70 000 per year worldwide. Understanding the pathogenesis and risk factors of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is important, and they are often investigated in observational studies. Given that therapeutic interventions cannot be controlled in observed studies, it is necessary to interpret which factors correspond to exposure and which factors correspond to confounding and intermediate factors in each study. From the Babies and their parents' longitudinal observation in the Suzuki Memorial Hospital on Intrauterine period study, blood pressure in early pregnancy was not only predictive of a child's birthweight, but the trajectory was also associated with the birthweight. From the larger‐scale birth cohort studies currently conducted in Japan will provide the novel potential risk factors of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and preventive strategies of them. In Japan, observational or intervention studies are just beginning to emerge. The continuation of both a distinctive cohort and a large cohort is needed, and the development of good quality intervention trials based on the results of observational studies is important.
Impact of anxiety levels on difficulty of intrauterine insemination and treatment outcomes
Authors: Kan Ozgur , Gorkem Umit , Baser Emre , Alkilic Aysegul 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimThe objective of this study was to determine the effect of anxiety on intrauterine insemination (IUI) results in couples with unexplained infertility. Second, the relationship between difficulty level of IUI procedure and anxiety were investigated.MethodsA total of 100 women undergoing first IUI treatment were enrolled into this prospective cross‐sectional study. Participants were asked to complete the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) before the IUI procedure and classified into two groups according to the anxiety score (minimal anxiety; BAI score <8, n = 73 and mild‐to‐moderate anxiety; BAI score ≥8, n = 27). Cervical condition was evaluated with speculum and presence of congenital anomalies, extensive leucorrhea or polypoid lesions were classified as unfavorable cervix. All of the patients were evaluated for difficulty of IUI and asked to state the severity of their pain with a visual analog scale after the procedure. Clinical pregnancy rates were also analyzed.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of pregnancy rates (12.3% vs 14.8%, P = 0.743). visual analog scale score was significantly higher in mild‐to‐moderate anxiety group (P = 0.002). Anxiety levels were higher in patients with difficult IUI (10.5 vs 4.3, P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, higher BAI scores (odds ratio: 1.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.0–1.2, P = 0.01) and unfavorable cervical condition (odds ratio: 3.6, 95% confidence interval: 1.2–10.7, P = 0.01) emerged as independent predictors for difficulty of IUI.ConclusionEvaluation of anxiety before IUI might help to predict difficulty of IUI and related pain. Although anxiety increases the difficulty of IUI, it does not affect pregnancy outcomes of the treatment.
Medications and addictive substances potentially inducing or attenuating sleep bruxism and/or awake bruxism
Authors: de Baat Cees , Verhoeff Merel C. , Ahlberg Jari , Manfredini Daniele , Winocur Ephraim , Zweers Petra , Rozema Fred , Vissink Arjan , Lobbezoo Frank 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBruxism is a repetitive jaw‐muscle activity characterised by clenching or grinding of the teeth and/or by bracing or thrusting of the mandible. It can occur during sleep, indicated as sleep bruxism, or during wakefulness, indicated as awake bruxism. Exogenous risk indicators of sleep bruxism and/or awake bruxism are, among others, medications and addictive substances, whereas also several medications seem to have the potential to attenuate sleep bruxism and/or awake bruxism. The objective of this study was to present a narrative literature on medications and addictive substances potentially inducing or aggravating sleep bruxism and/or awake bruxism and on medications potentially attenuating sleep bruxism and/or awake bruxism. Literature reviews reporting evidence or indications for sleep bruxism and/or awake bruxism as an adverse effect of several (classes of) medications as well as some addictive substances and literature reviews on medications potentially attenuating sleep bruxism and/or awake bruxism were used as starting point and guidelines to describe the topics mentioned. Additionally, two literature searches were established on PubMed. Three types of bruxism were distinguished: sleep bruxism, awake bruxism and non‐specified bruxism. Generally, there are insufficient evidence‐based data to draw definite conclusions concerning medications and addictive substances inducing or aggravating sleep bruxism and/or awake bruxism as well as concerning medications attenuating sleep bruxism and/or awake bruxism. There are insufficient evidence‐based data to draw definite conclusions concerning medications and addictive substances inducing or aggravating sleep bruxism and/or awake bruxism as well as concerning medications attenuating sleep bruxism and/or awake bruxism.
Impact of oral health service expansion funding at health centers in the United States
Authors: Nguyen Vy , Daniel Marlon , Joskow Renée , Lu Connie , Chen Xiao , Zhou Weihao , Lin Sue , Sripipatana Alek , Nair Suma , Pourat Nadereh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to assess the impact of Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) investment in oral health through the HRSA FY16 Oral Health Service Expansion (OHSE) funding on workforce, access, and quality in health centers (HCs) from 2015 to 2017.MethodsAnalyses were conducted using data from the Uniform Data System from 2015 and 2017, and the 2015 Area Health Resource File. Change in indicators of oral health workforce, access, and quality of care by the receipt of OHSE funding received by HCs in 2016 were examined. Regression models for 1,345 HCs were developed to conduct a difference‐in‐difference analyses of the comparative change from 2015 to 2017 in the dependent variables among OHSE and non‐OHSE awardees while controlling for confounders.ResultsOHSE awardees showed a significant difference in the oral health workforce with a higher mean number increase by 0.6 full time equivalent (FTE) dentists, 0.4 dental hygienists, 1.1 dental assistants, and 2.3 for other dental staff compared to non‐OHSE awardees. Compared to non‐OHSE awardees, OHSE awardees showed a mean increase of 712 dental patients served who received 1,402 dental visits, representing a 9‐percentage point increase in the percentage of HCs that had an oral health program and a 3‐percentage point increase in the ratio of dental patients to total patients.ConclusionsFunding dedicated to oral health service expansion in HCs may result in outcomes ranging from increasing workforce to reduction in access and financial barriers. Retrospective analysis demonstrated improved capacity for oral healthcare delivery attributable to HRSA support to HCs.
Mast cell tumours in dogs less than 12 months of age: a multi‐institutional retrospective study
Authors: Rigas K. , Biasoli D. , Polton G. , Finotello R. , Murphy S. , Di Palma S. , Starkey M. , Verganti S. 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesTo describe the clinicopathological and genetic characteristics of mast cell tumours in dogs less than 12 months old.Materials and MethodsRetrospective review of dogs aged less than 12 months when diagnosed with mast cell tumours at three referral hospitals in the UK.ResultsSixteen pure‐bred dogs were included, of which 11 were female. The median age at first presentation and diagnosis were 7.6 and 9 months, respectively. In 13 dogs the mast cell tumours were cutaneous and in three they were subcutaneous. Four cutaneous mast cell tumours were described as high‐grade (Patnaik or Kiupel) and nine were Patnaik grade II; three had mitotic index of >5 in 10 high‐power fields. Of the three subcutaneous tumours, two had an infiltrative growth pattern and one had mitotic index of 10per10 high‐power fields. Of 10 tested dogs, seven had c‐kit mutations in exon 11 and Ki‐67 score was above the cut‐off value in nine. Four of 12 cases showed evidence of metastasis in the regional lymph nodes. After varying treatment protocols, all patients were alive and disease free at a median of 1115 days after diagnosis.Clinical SignificanceThe prognosis of mast cell tumours in dogs less than a year old appears better than the adult counterparts, even without extensive treatment.
Seed skin grafts for reconstruction of distal limb defects in 15 dogs
Authors: Crowley J. D. , Hosgood G. , Appelgrein C. 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesTo report the surgical technique of seed skin grafting and clinical application for reconstruction of wounds on the distal limb of client‐owned dogs.Materials and MethodsMedical records from The Animal Hospital at Murdoch University were retrospectively reviewed for dogs requiring reconstruction using seed grafting for distal limb skin defects between January 2009 and May 2020.ResultsFifteen dogs were included. Grafting was performed on distal limb wounds at or below the carpus or tarsus, following trauma (n = 12) or neoplasia excision (n = 3). Complete epithelialisation with minimal contracture was recorded at a median of 4 weeks (range 3 to 8 weeks) after implantation. Median follow‐up was 37 months (range 3 to 55 months) after grafting. Postoperative complications included epidermal inclusion cyst in two dogs. Good functional outcome with acceptable cosmesis despite sparse hair growth was achieved in all cases.Clinical SignificanceSeed grafting is a simple technique that can be used reliably to reconstruct wounds on the distal limb in dogs where other reconstructive techniques are not suitable. Complete epithelialisation with sparse hair growth, good long‐term functional outcome and minimal complications can be expected.
Factors affecting respiratory system compliance in anaesthetised mechanically ventilated healthy dogs: a retrospective study
Authors: Asorey I. , Pellegrini L. , Canfrán S. , Ortiz‐Díez G. , Aguado D. 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesTo determine the influence of several factors on respiratory system compliance in volume‐controlled mechanically ventilated healthy anaesthetised dogs.Materials and MethodsReview of 100 dogs anaesthetised for elective surgeries between 2015 and 2016. Dogs were mechanically ventilated with a respiratory rate adjusted to maintain normocapnia and a fraction of inspired oxygen of 50%. Body weight, body condition score, age, thoracic shape, time in spontaneous ventilation before volume‐controlled ventilation, time with a fraction of inspired oxygen of 100% until starting mechanical ventilation, type of surgery and patient position were recorded. Respiratory system compliance, expressedperkg of bodyweight, was recorded every 15 minutes following initiation of volume‐controlled ventilation.ResultsBaseline respiratory system compliance was 1.3 ± 0.3 mL/cmH2O/kg and was reduced by high body condition score and barrel‐shaped thorax but not by age, type of surgery or patient position, time in spontaneous ventilation nor time with a fraction of inspired oxygen of 100%.Clinical SignificanceRespiratory system compliance is lower in overweight and barrel‐chested dogs and should be taken into account during monitoring of lung function and ventilation management under general anaesthesia.
Difficulties and Expectations of Future Education Professionals in the Learning of the Mind Map
Authors: Muñoz González Juan Manuel , Sampedro Requena Begoña Esther , Hidalgo Ariza María Dolores 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTThe following research focuses on the mind maps learning strategy used by future education professionals as a resource that encourages planning, reflection, self‐control, and meta‐cognition in the development of knowledge, and that improves creativity, practicality, and systematicity when organizing the information. The aim of this work is to analyze the difficulties and troubles found by future education professionals during their learning of mind maps and their repercussion regarding their expectations of use in their future work as teachers. For this purpose, a quantitative methodology was adopted through the use of a questionnaire created ad hoc. This instrument was utilized to collect the students' assessment of the feelings experienced at the beginning of the mind maps learning process, the difficulties throughout this process and the expectations regarding the use of this technique. The main results of the study show that the difficulties for learning mind maps are a predicting factor of the feelings experienced during the beginning of the learning process. However, these feelings do not condition the expectations of use of the students in any shape or form.
Normative reference values for esophageal high‐resolution manometry in healthy adults: A systematic review
Authors: Alcala Gonzalez Luis G. , Oude Nijhuis Renske A. B. , Smout Andreas J. P. M. , Bredenoord Albert J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and purposeEstablishing normative values of high‐resolution esophageal manometry is necessary for accurate interpretation and comparison of measurements. In this systematic review, we aimed to summarize normal values for different esophageal high‐resolution manometry systems. Moreover, we assessed the effect of body position, bolus consistency, and provocative maneuvers on these normative thresholds. We searched Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from January 1st, 2006, to January 20th, 2020, for studies that reported normative data of high‐resolution manometry in healthy volunteers. We assessed methodological quality of the included studies and planned a descriptive analysis. We analyzed data from 54 articles describing normative thresholds in high‐resolution manometry using solid‐state or water‐perfused systems. Forty‐six studies performed the manometry study in the supine position with liquid swallows, whereas sixteen studies described normative values in the upright position. Twelve studies assessed normative values for different bolus consistencies, and nine studies evaluated different provocative maneuvers. There is a considerable variety of normative values for esophageal high‐resolution manometry depending on the equipment used and the protocols performed to obtain measurements. This should be taken into account when evaluating measurements in clinical practice and when comparing results of published research studies.
From discipline to control in nursing practice: A poststructuralist reflection
Authors: McIntyre Jonathan R. S. , Burton Candace , Holmes Dave 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe everyday expressions of nursing practices are driven by their entanglement in complex flows of social, cultural, political and economic interests. Early expressions of trained nursing practice in the United States and Europe reflect claims of moral, spiritual and clinical exceptionalism. They were both imposed upon—and internalized by—nursing pioneers. These claims were associated with an endogenous narrative of discipline and its physical manifestation in early nursing schools and hospitals, which functioned as “total institutions.” By contrast, the external forces—diffuse yet pervasive—impacting upon contemporary nursing more closely align with the power dynamics explored in Gilles Deleuze's concept of the Society of Control. The example of sensor technology and telemetric monitoring of nurses’ locations in the clinical setting exemplifies the intense presence of surveillance, performance metrics and the “rationalization” of nursing practice. It falls upon nurses to recognize, accept or challenge these dynamics in order to shape the future of nursing practice into a discipline which embodies our values and priorities.
Caring responsibility from the perspectives of older persons whose adult children are their caregivers
Authors: Andersen Helle Elisabeth , Hoeck Bente , Nielsen Dorthe Susanne , Ryg Jesper , Delmar Charlotte 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimTo describe lifeworld insights into the phenomenon of caring responsibility from the perspectives of persons aged 80+ years living alone with chronic illness, physical frailty and dependency on adult children.DesignA phenomenological inquiry inspired by Reflective Lifeworld Research.MethodSemi‐structured lifeworld interviews with 11 persons aged 80+ years were conducted following their discharge. The interviews lasted 35–83 min, were audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim. Both interviews and the analysis followed the epistemological and methodological principles of Reflective Lifeworld Research.FindingsWe identified the essential meaning ‘It means everything’ and four constituents illuminating different aspects inherent in the complex phenomenon of caring responsibility; ‘A life‐constraining transition,’ ‘Trusting the children to fill the gaps and be the glue,’ ‘Tacit responsibility, agreement and acceptance’ and ‘Depending on the children and knowing they are burdened by you.’ConclusionsCaring responsibility is based on a trusting relationship and tacit agreements indicating an understanding of interdependence and acceptance of dependence on adult children. However, a paradox appears when older persons express a deep‐rooted perception of autonomy and independence as they have difficulties with their growing dependency and feelings of being burdensome. Older persons try to balance the continuum of autonomy, their existential self‐image and actual capability. The practical part of caring responsibility seems to dominate and strongly affect the parent–child relationship because the child needs to take care of practical issues related to healthcare management and instrumental activities of daily living, leaving less time for meaningful togetherness.Implications for practiceOlder persons want their adult children to be involved and acknowledged when planning care and treatment because they often seem to serve as the ‘glue’ that makes it possible for the parent to remain in his/her own home.
Meibomian glands structure in daily disposable soft contact lens wearers: a one‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Llorens‐Quintana Clara , Garaszczuk Izabela K. , Szczesna‐Iskander Dorota H. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeTo assess the impact of daily disposable soft contact lenses on meibomian gland morphology over a period of 12 months.MethodsForty‐one subjects (33 experienced and 8 neophytes) were fitted with either silicone‐hydrogel or hydrogel daily contact lenses. The study protocol included four visits: baseline, day‐2 for contact lens fit and follow‐up measurements, as well as after 6 and 12 months of lens wear. Non‐contact infrared meibography images were acquired with Keratograph 5M topographer (www.oculus.de) and analysed with an automated method, which objectively estimates the area of gland atrophy, gland length and width, number of glands and gland irregularity. Protocol at follow‐up visits also included symptom assessment with the Ocular Surface Disease Index and clinical assessment of tear meniscus height, bulbar and limbal redness, tear osmolarity, non‐invasive fluorescein break‐up time and ocular surface staining.ResultsStatistically significant differences were found in gland atrophy (p = 0.02) and length (p = 0.008) between experienced and novel contact lens wearers at the baseline visit. Changes over time (after 6 and 12 months) were found in gland atrophy (p = 0.02) and the number of glands (p = 0.01) in subjects fitted with hydrogel contact lenses. Changes in gland atrophy between baseline and 12 months of lens wear correlated with changes in corneal staining (r = 0.40, p = 0.03) and fluorescein break‐up time in subjects fitted with silicone‐hydrogel lenses (r = 1−0.43, p = 0.02).ConclusionsContact lens wear impacts meibomian gland morphology. However, changes are either long‐term or characteristic to an early phase. Subjects with no history of contact lens wear exhibit better meibomian gland condition than experienced wearers. During one year of contact lens wear, meibomian gland morphology changes in subjects wearing daily disposable hydrogel lenses.
The Population of Centenarians in Brazil: Historical Estimates from 1900 to 2000
Authors: Nepomuceno Marília R. , Turra Cássio M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSince the nineteenth century, the census has provided the number of 100‐year‐olds in Brazil, one of the most populous countries worldwide. In 1900, 4,438 individuals reported themselves to be centenarians, a figure that increased about fivefold by the 2000 census. However, due to data quality issues, we are skeptical about the real size of the recorded population in the Brazilian census. We offer alternative estimates of the most likely number of centenarians during the twentieth century by combining variable‐rrelations with different mortality models. Our results indicate there was virtually no centenarian at the beginning of the twentieth century. The population has become larger than 1,000 individuals only in the 1990s, suggesting there has been an extensive, although diminishing, overenumeration of centenarians in the census records. Our results can help policymakers to plan the demands of a growing old age population in places that face stricter family and public budget constraints.
Perceived social support moderates neural reactivity to emotionally valenced stimuli during pregnancy
Authors: Nyman Tristin , Pegg Samantha , Kiel Elizabeth J. , Mistry‐Patel Sejal , Becker‐Schmall Lisa J. , Brooker Rebecca J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractReactivity to emotional information, measurable at the level of neural activity using event‐related potentials, is linked to symptoms of affective disorders. Behavioral evidence suggests that contextual factors, such as social support, can alter emotional reactivity such that affective responding is normalized when social support is high. This possibility remains largely untested at the neural level, specifically through approaches that can offer insight into the mechanistic processes contributing to individual differences in emotional reactivity. Yet, such knowledge could be useful for prevention and intervention efforts, particularly with groups at risk for increased emotional reactivity, such as pregnant mothers for whom emotional distress predicts both maternal and child outcomes. Expectant mothers took part in a longitudinal study that tested whether the late positive potential (LPP), a neural index of reactivity to emotional information, was moderated by maternal perceptions of social support. In the third trimester of pregnancy, lower perceived social support was associated with an absence of a traditional LPP effect, which differentiates valenced from neutral stimuli. Findings suggest that perceptions of social support may normalize emotional processing at the neural level and highlight the potential importance of social support modulation of emotional reactivity during times of known biological change.