bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perioperative Anaemia is a Risk Factor of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Partial Nephrectomy
Authors: Zhang Shun , Duan Huangqi , Wu Yu , Xia Weimin , Qian Subo , Shen Haibo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to partial nephrectomy (PN) is a challenging clinical issue. During PN anaemia develops due to haemodilution and blood loss, which decreases oxygen transfer and provokes tissue hypoxia, leading to postoperative adverse outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of perioperative anaemia on postoperative AKI after PN.Methods This retrospective cohort study included 68 adult patients undergoing PN for a single nonmetastatic renal tumor. Detailed clinical information was systematically reviewed and analyzed. Serum concentrations of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and creatinine (sCr) were tested before, 2 hours and 1 day after PN surgery. Perioperative anaemia was assessed according to haematocrit (Ht) value at the same timepoint. Association between perioperative anaemia and postoperative AKI were explored by logistic regression analyses and pearson correlation analysis. Results The rate of perioperative anaemia in patients undergoing PN was 35.3% when the criteria of Ht < 30% was adopted. AKI developed in 32.4% of the patients when KDIGO criteria was applicated and in 51.5% of the patients when the criteria of serum NGAL >150 ng/mL was used. The incidence of AKI in patients with perioperative anaemia was higher than that in patients without anaemia. Univariate logistic regression analyses showed perioperative anaemia was a relevant factor of postoperative AKI in patients undergoing PN.Conclusions Perioperative anaemia might be a risk factor of postoperative AKI after PN. But the detailed interrelation still needs to be verified by large-scale prospective studies.
Risk Factors for Recurrence of Positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA PCR&nbsp;in COVID-19 Convalescence: A Propensity Score Matching Study
Authors: Duan Wei , Liu En , Wang Yun , Xie Dongjing , He Jialin , Yang Shiming 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Some discharged COVID-19 patients were required to be readmitted because of a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test at discontinuation of quarantine for 14 days. However, little is known about the clinical characteristics and underlying pathogenesis of these patients. Methods We followed up 165 confirmed COVID-19 adult inpatients admitted to the First Department of Wuhan HuoShenShan Hospital by phone, 17 of whom were found to be positive again by throat swab SARS-CoV-2 PCR after quarantine. Thirty-four of 148 enrolled patients whose SARS-CoV-2 throat swabs were PCR negative were score matched by one-to-two propensity score matching. The clinical data were statistically analyzed between these two groups.Results The levels of serum-specific IgM antibody in the PCR-positive group were obviously decreased compared to those in the score-matched group. Moreover, the levels of procalcitonin in the PCR-positive group were also significantly lower than those in the score-matched group.Conclusion The increased IgM antibody against SARS-CoV-2 in humoral immunity is beneficial to the clearance of virus in COVID-19 infection. Additionally, the combination of slight bacterial infection is also conducive to the elimination of SARS-CoV-2, probably due to strengthening the immune reaction.
Distinct Molecular Mechanisms Analysis of Obesity Based on Gene Expression Profiles
Authors: Joshi Harish , Vastrad Basavaraj Mallikarjunayya , Joshi Nidhi , Vastrad Chanabasayya Mallikarjunayya 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Obesity is the most common metabolic disorder worldwide. Its progression rate has remained high in recent years. ObjectivesTherefore, the aim of this study was to diagnose important differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated in its development, which may be used as novel biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets for obesity. MethodsThe gene expression profile of E-MTAB-6728 was downloaded from the database. After screening DEGs in each ArrayExpress dataset, we further used the robust rank aggregation method to diagnose 876 significant DEGs including 438 up regulated and 438 down regulated genes. Pathway enrichment analyses and Gene Ontology (GO) were performed by online tool ToppCluster. These DEGs were shown to be significantly enriched in different obesity related pathways and GO functions. Then, the mentha, miRNet and NetworkAnalyst databases were used to construct the protein–protein interaction network, target genes - miRNA regulatory network and target genes - TF regulatory network. The module analysis was performed by the PEWCC1 plug‐in of Cytoscape based on the whole PPI network.Results We finally filtered out HSPA8, ESR1, YWHAH, RPL14, SOD2, BTG2, LYZ and EFNA1 hub genes. Hub genes were validated by ICH analysis, Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis and RT-PCR. The robust DEGs linked with the development of obesity were screened through the ArrayExpress database, and integrated bioinformatics analysis was conducted. ConclusionsOur study provides reliable molecular biomarkers for screening and diagnosis, prognosis as well as novel therapeutic targets for obesity.
High-pressure, halogen-bearing melt preserved in ultrahigh-temperature felsic granulites of the Central Maine Terrane, Connecticut (U.S.A.)
Authors: Ferrero Silvio , Ague Jay J. , O’Brien Patrick J. , Wunder Bernd , Remusat Laurent , Ziemann Martin A. , Axler Jennifer 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Inclusions of relic high-pressure melts provide crucial information on the fate of crustal rocks in the deep roots of orogens during collision and crustal thickening, including at extreme temperature conditions exceeding 1000 °C. However, discoveries of high-pressure melt inclusions are still a relative rarity among case studies of inclusions in metamorphic minerals. Here we present the results of experimental and microchemical investigations of nanogranitoids in garnets from the felsic granulites of the Central Maine Terrane (Connecticut, U.S.A.). Their successful experimental re-homogenization at ~2 GPa confirms that they originally were trapped portions of deep melts and makes them the first direct evidence of high pressure during peak metamorphism and melting for these felsic granulites. The trapped melt has a hydrous, granitic, and peraluminous character typical of crustal melts from metapelites. This melt is higher in mafic components (FeO and MgO) than most of the nanogranitoids investigated previously, likely the result of the extreme melting temperatures—well above 1000 °C. This is the first natural evidence of the positive correlation between temperature and mafic character of the melt; a trend previously supported only by experimental evidence. Moreover, it poses a severe caveat against the common assumption that partial melts from metasediments at depth are always leucogranitic in composition.
NanoSIMS measurement on re-homogenized inclusions show significant amounts of CO2, Cl, and F. Halogen abundance in the melt is considered to be a proxy for the presence of brines (strongly saline fluids) at depth. Brines are known to shift the melting temperatures of the system toward higher values and may have been responsible for delaying melt production via biotite dehydration melting until these rocks reached extreme temperatures of more than 1000 °C, rather than 800–850 °C as commonly observed for these reactions.
Evaluation of recharge areas of Arusha Aquifer, Northern Tanzania: application of water isotope tracers
Authors: Lugodisha Innocent , Komakech Hans C. , Nakaya Shinji , Takada Ryogo , Yoshitani Junichi , Yasumoto Jun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In Arusha urban, northern Tanzania, groundwater contributes about 80% of the water supply. However, elevated fluoride levels and evidence of anthropogenic pollution have been reported in the groundwater around Mount Meru which is a water source for Arusha urban. This study aims at understanding the recharge areas and flow pathways of groundwater in what has been a poorly monitored area. The study uses the isotopic ratio of oxygen and hydrogen to estimate the groundwater recharge area and flow pathway. The results show the recharge elevation of groundwater is between 1,800 and 3,500 m above mean sea level on the slopes of Mount Meru. The average fluoride contents in the study area are 5.3 ± 0.4 mg/L greater than the limits of 1.5 mg/L set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Tanzania. The nitrate concentration of 83.9 mg/L at the lower elevation areas (&lt;1,400 m above mean sea level) exceeds the 50 mg/L WHO limit. The relationship of F− with δ18O and NO3− suggests the leaching of fluoride in high altitudes and dilution in lower altitudes.
Simulating glacier mass balance in the cross-border Poiqu/Bhotekoshi Basin, China and Nepal
Authors: Kong Bo , Yu Huan , Deng Wei , Wang Qing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
To assess the change of glacier mass balance (GMB) in the Poiqu/Bhotekoshi basin in the context of global warming, this study applied a conceptual Hydrologiska Bryans Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV) hydrological model to quantify the GMB in the area. The HBV model was trained and validated based on in-situ hydro meteorological data from 10 weather stations in the basin. The dataset, which consists of the daily observations for both rainfall and air temperature, was partitioned into two decades, 1988–1998 and 1999–2008 for calibration and validation, respectively. The calibrated model was adopted to restore the daily runoff depth and then estimate the annual changes of GMB in Poiqu/Bhotekoshi basin over the period of 1988–2008. Results show that the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (Reff) of the daily runoff depth simulation after the runoff calibration process was above 0.802. Therefore, the simulated values of the HBV model are reliable and can be used to estimate the GMB of Himalayan cross-border glacial mountain basins with huge elevation difference, and provide scientific data support for water resources management. Furthermore, the result demonstrated a slow year-by-year rise of snow water equivalent because of global warming, and it highly correlates with the soil moisture, the spring temperature and the summer precipitation.
Machine learning techniques in river water quality modelling: a research travelogue
Authors: Khullar Sakshi , Singh Nanhey 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Water is a prime necessity for the survival and sustenance of all living beings. Over the past few years, the water quality of rivers has been adversely affected due to harmful wastes and pollutants. This ever-increasing water pollution is a matter of great concern as it is deteriorating the water quality, making it unfit for any type of use. Contaminated water resources can cause serious effects on humans as well as aquatic life. Hence, water quality monitoring of reservoirs is essential. Recently, water quality modelling using AI techniques has generated a lot of interest and it can be very beneficial in ecological and water resources management. This paper presents the state-of-the-art application of machine learning techniques in forecasting river water quality. It highlights the different key techniques, advantages, disadvantages, and applications with respect to monitoring the river water quality. The review also intends to find the existing challenges and opportunities for future research.
Preparation, Characterization and In Vitro Antioxidant Potential of Boldine-phospholipid Complex
Authors: Singh Arun Kumar , Singh Anita 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Boldine, is an aporphine alkaloid that possesses potent antioxidant activity.
Despite having enormous potential, the clinical application of boldine was restricted because of its
poor bioavailability attributed to its poor aqueous solubility and rapid clearance from the body. The
drug phospholipid complexation techniques were frequently employed to overcome the limitation of
low bioavailability of phytoconstituents/herbal extract.

Objective:
The boldine phospholipid complex (BOL-PC) formulation was developed for enhancing
antioxidant potential of boldine by preparing its phospholipid complex.

Methods:
Boldine loaded phospholipid (BOL-PC) complex was prepared by refluxing followed by
solvent evaporation method and subjected to various physicochemical and spectral analysis. Further,
the in-vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging method.

Results:
The formation of the complex was confirmed by 1H NMR and thermal analysis. SEM and PXRD revealed partial
amorphization of drug in complex formed. The BOL-PC dissolution rate and solubility was significantly improved
compared to the parent compound. The maximum % yield and % EE was found to be 95.92± 0.01732 and 95.89±0.3502
respectively in the optimized formulation (F3) which exhibited concentration-dependent antioxidant property.

Conclusion:
It was concluded from the study that the phospholipid complexation of boldine has better
antioxidant potential and improved the solubility, dissolution profile which may facilitate its oral absorption
and enhances its chances for clinical application.
Recent Advancements in Nanotechnology for Oral Cancer: a Review
Authors: Talele Dipali R. , Patel Deepa H. 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Oral cancer is the life threatening disease causing mortality. The majority of
chemotherapeutic anticancer agents are toxic to healthy tissues, have poor bioavailability and affect
the quality of life of the patients.

Objective:
The main challenge in the treatment of oral cancer is the effective and safe delivery of
chemotherapeutic anticancer drugs. This present review deals with the recent advancement in the nanotechnologies
and its probable applications in the oral cancer treatment.

Methods:
This review includes a gist of suitable literature.

Results:
Nanotechnology brings novel methodologies or modifications in current anticancer therapies
to improve individual wellbeing and survival.

Conclusion:
Nanotechnology put forward the potential of increasing the efficacy of the therapy and targeted drug
delivery, which in turn increase drug absorption and bioavailability at the site of tumour. Different nanocarriers include
liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, combinational (polymeric- inorganic) nanoparticles,
magnetic nanoparticles, nanolipids, hydrogels, dendrimers and polymeric micelles. This review confers development of
new drug delivery approaches for effective therapeutic outcomes and abating the toxicity to healthy tissues.
Evaluation of Enantioselective Capillary Electrophoretic Approach for the Enantiomeric Separation of Abscisic Acid
Authors: Binti Zaid Atiqah , Saravanan Udhayasurya N. , Ching Ng Woen , Saad Bahruddin , Wong Yong Foo 
Published: October 2020

Background:
The application of enantioselective capillary electrophoresis approach for
the assessment of the enantiomeric purity of chiral molecules is receiving increased attention. Abscisic
acid is one of the chiral sesquiterpenic plant growth regulators that regulate various ecological
and physiological roles in higher plants. Enantiomeric determination of ABA is of great concern because
of the different biological activity of its enantiomers.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, we investigated the enantioseparation selectivity of ABA by
incorporating native β-cyclodextrins (β-CD) and its derivatives as chiral modifiers in the background
electrolyte of an enantioselective capillary zone electrophoresis system. Electrophoretic aspects
that affect the enantiomeric separation, such as pH, types of β-CD and its concentration, applied
voltage, injection pressure and time, were studied and optimised.

Results and Discussions:
An enhancement in enantioseparation was achieved in a bare fused-silica
capillary (64.5 cm × 50 mm i.d.) using a background electrolyte solution consisting of (2-hydroxypropyl)-
β-CD (80 mM) solubilised in 100 mM phosphate buffer adjusted to pH 5.9 with NaOH,
operated under normal polarity mode (25 kV) at 25°C, and using hydrodynamic injection (75 mbar
for 10s). Relative standard deviations of (intra- and inter-day) ≤ 3.23% and ≤ 1.39% for migration
times and enantiomeric fractions (EF) were achieved using the proposed method.

Conclusion:
The proposed chiral capillary electrophoretic method offers advantages in terms of
enantioselectivity and analysis times, which can serve as a reliable platform for the stereoisomeric
analysis of ABA.
Myofunctional Therapy App for Severe Apnea–Hypopnea Sleep Obstructive Syndrome: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: O'Connor-Reina Carlos , Ignacio Garcia Jose Maria , Rodriguez Ruiz Elisa , Morillo Dominguez Maria Del Carmen , Ignacio Barrios Victoria , Baptista Jardin Peter , Casado Morente Juan Carlos , Garcia Iriarte Maria Teresa , Plaza Guillermo 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundMyofunctional therapy has demonstrated efficacy in treating sleep-disordered breathing. We assessed the clinical use of a new mobile health (mHealth) app that uses a smartphone to teach patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) to perform oropharyngeal exercises.ObjectiveWe conducted a pilot randomized trial to evaluate the effects of the app in patients with severe OSAHS.MethodsForty patients with severe OSAHS (apnea–hypoxia index [AHI]>30) were enrolled prospectively and randomized into an intervention group that used the app for 90 sessions or a control group. Anthropometric measures, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (0-24), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (0-21), Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) scores, and oxygen desaturation index were measured before and after the intervention.ResultsAfter the intervention, 28 patients remained. No significant changes were observed in the control group; however, the intervention group showed significant improvements in most metrics. AHI decreased by 53.4% from 44.7 (range 33.8-55.6) to 20.88 (14.02-27.7) events/hour (P<.001). The oxygen desaturation index decreased by 46.5% from 36.31 (27.19-43.43) to 19.4 (12.9-25.98) events/hour (P=.003). The IOPI maximum tongue score increased from 39.83 (35.32-45.2) to 59.06 (54.74-64.00) kPa (P<.001), and the IOPI maximum lip score increased from 27.89 (24.16-32.47) to 44.11 (39.5-48.8) kPa (P<.001). The AHI correlated significantly with IOPI tongue and lip improvements (Pearson correlation coefficient −0.56 and −0.46, respectively; both P<.001). The Epworth Sleepiness Scale score decreased from 10.33 (8.71-12.24) to 5.37 (3.45-7.28) in the app group (P<.001), but the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index did not change significantly.ConclusionsOrofacial exercises performed using an mHealth app reduced OSAHS severity and symptoms, and represent a promising treatment for OSAHS.Trial RegistrationSpanish Registry of Clinical Studies AWGAPN-2019-01, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04438785; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04438785
Alert Override Patterns With a Medication Clinical Decision Support System in an Academic Emergency Department: Retrospective Descriptive Study
Authors: Yoo Junsang , Lee Jeonghoon , Rhee Poong-Lyul , Chang Dong Kyung , Kang Mira , Choi Jong Soo , Bates David W , Cha Won Chul 
Published: October 2020

Background
Physicians’ alert overriding behavior is considered to be the most important factor leading to failure of computerized provider order entry (CPOE) combined with a clinical decision support system (CDSS) in achieving its potential adverse drug events prevention effect. Previous studies on this subject have focused on specific diseases or alert types for well-defined targets and particular settings. The emergency department is an optimal environment to examine physicians’ alert overriding behaviors from a broad perspective because patients have a wider range of severity, and many receive interdisciplinary care in this environment. However, less than one-tenth of related studies have targeted this physician behavior in an emergency department setting.

Objective
The aim of this study was to describe alert override patterns with a commercial medication CDSS in an academic emergency department.

Methods
This study was conducted at a tertiary urban academic hospital in the emergency department with an annual census of 80,000 visits. We analyzed data on the patients who visited the emergency department for 18 months and the medical staff who treated them, including the prescription and CPOE alert log. We also performed descriptive analysis and logistic regression for assessing the risk factors for alert overrides.

Results
During the study period, 611 physicians cared for 71,546 patients with 101,186 visits. The emergency department physicians encountered 13.75 alerts during every 100 orders entered. Of the total 102,887 alerts, almost two-thirds (65,616, 63.77%) were overridden. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified 21 statistically significant risk factors for emergency department physicians’ alert override behavior.

Conclusions
In this retrospective study, we described the alert override patterns with a medication CDSS in an academic emergency department. We found relatively low overrides and assessed their contributing factors, including physicians’ designation and specialty, patients’ severity and chief complaints, and alert and medication type.
Definitions for “palliative care”, “end-of-life” and “terminally ill” in oncology: a scoping review
Authors: Cordeiro Franciele Roberta , Griebeler Oliveira Stefanie , Zeppini Giudice Juliana , Pellegrini Fernandes Vanessa , Timm Oliveira Adriéli 
Published: October 2020

Objective: to identify and map the definitions for palliative care, end of life, and terminally ill in the oncology literature. Materials and method: scoping review guided by Joanna Brigs Institute recommendations. We analyzed original articles, published between 2012 and 2017, indexed in the databases Pubmed, Web of Science and Scopus. The data collection resulted in 51 articles selected for analysis. Also, we have consulted the websites of 25 palliative care societies from countries best ranked in The Economist’s Quality of Death Ranking. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, and summary of the themes, in this case the definitions. Results: terminally ill is a disease with a prognosis of lifetime ranging between hours and months, there is clinical worsening, functional decline, and presence of metastases. Palliative care aims to promote quality of life and dignity. End of life is the period of up to 12 months before death. Conclusions: we constructed synthesis and definitions for the concepts investigated. Thus, it was possible to contribute to the adoption of a standardized language in care and investigations with cancer patients in end-of-life
EMPREENDEDOR E PRECÁRIO
Authors: De Tommasi Livia , Moreno da Silva Gabriel 
Published: October 2020

Objetivo do texto é propor algumas chaves de leitura a respeito de uma categoria de trabalhadores, jovens produtores culturais moradores das periferias brasileiras que, a nosso ver, representam um segmento paradigmático para compreender as transformações ocorridas, nos últimos decênios, no mundo do trabalho. Através dos instrumentos da observação participante e da história oral focada na trajetória de vida de alguns produtores culturais, procuramos compreender os sentidos que os atores constroem sobre suas práticas. Indo além das leituras dicotômicas, que celebram ou demonizam a difusão do empreendedorismo entre grupos sociais subalternos, nos interessa compreender de que forma o trabalho precário no âmbito da “arte e cultura” pode ser considerado pelos sujeitos como possibilidade de superação das amarras do trabalho dependente e afirmação da vontade de trabalhar mobilizando desejos; misturando trabalho, militância e lazer.
Palavras-chave: Empreendedorismo. Trabalho precário. Produção cultural. Periferias.