bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Latitude Distribution and Evolution of Even and Odd Sunspot Cycles
Authors: Takalo Jouni 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe study the latitudinal distribution and evolution of sunspot areas of Solar Cycles 12 – 23 (SC12–23) and sunspot groups of Solar Cycles 8 – 23 (SC8–23) for even and odd cycles. The Rician distribution is the best-fit function for both even and odd sunspots group latitudinal occurrence. The mean and variance for even northern/southern butterfly wing sunspots are 14.94/14.76 and 58.62/56.08, respectively, and the mean and variance for odd northern/southern wing sunspots are 15.52/15.58 and 61.77/58.00, respectively. Sunspot groups of even cycle wings are thus at somewhat lower latitudes on average than sunspot groups of the odd cycle wings, i.e. about 0.6 degrees for northern hemisphere wings and 0.8 degrees for southern hemisphere wings.The spatial analysis of sunspot areas between SC12–23 shows that the small sunspots are at lower solar latitudes of the Sun than the large sunspots for both odd and even cycles, and also for both hemispheres.Temporal evolution of sunspot areas shows a lack of large sunspots after four years (exactly between 4.2 – 4.5 years), i.e. about 40% after the start of the cycle, especially for even cycles. This is related to the Gnevyshev gap and is occurring at the time when the evolution of the average sunspot latitudes crosses about 15 degrees. The gap is, however, clearer for even cycles than odd ones. Gnevyshev gap divides the cycle into two disparate parts: the ascending phase/cycle maximum and the declining phase of the sunspot cycle.
Relaxed Weighted Path Order in Theorem Proving
Authors: Jakubův Jan , Kaliszyk Cezary 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe propose an extension of the automated theorem prover E by the weighted path ordering (WPO). WPO is theoretically stronger than all the orderings used in E Prover, however its parametrization is more involved than those normally used in automated reasoning. In particular, it depends on a term algebra. We integrate the ordering in E Prover and perform an evaluation on the standard theorem proving benchmarks. The ordering is complementary to the ones used in E prover so far. Furthermore, first-time presented here, we propose a relaxed variant of the weighted path order as an approximation of the standard WPO definition. A theorem prover strategy with a relaxed order can be incomplete, which is, however, not an issue as completeness can be easily regained by switching to a complete strategy. We show that the relaxed weighted path order can have a huge impact on an improvement of a theorem prover strategy.
Using Feedback to Mitigate Coordination and Threshold Problems in Iterative Combinatorial Auctions
Authors: Vangerven Bart , Goossens Dries R. , Spieksma Frits C. R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPackage bids, i.e., bids on sets of items, are an essential aspect of combinatorial auctions. They can allow bidders to accurately express their preferences. However, bidders on packages consisting of few items are often unable to outbid provisionally winning bids on large packages. To resolve this, both coordination as well as cooperation are needed. Coordination, since smaller bidders need to bid on packages that are disjoint; cooperation, since typically bid increases from more than one bidder are required to overcome the threshold to outbid a larger package bid. The authors design an information system that supports the implementation of an iterative combinatorial auction; this system is specifically aimed at helping bidders overcome coordination and threshold problems. They study the effect of information feedback on the behavior of bidders in different auction settings.
The authors test this in an experimental setting using human bidders, varying feedback from very basic information about provisionally winning bids/prices, to providing more advanced concepts such as winning and deadness levels, and coalitional feedback. The experiment indicates that coalitional feedback has a positive impact on economic efficiency in cases where difficult threshold problems arise; however, it appears to have an adverse effect when threshold problems are easy.
Mental Health, Work Engagement and Meaningful Work-Role Fit of Industrial Psychologists: A Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: van Zyl Llewellyn Ellardus , Rothmann Sebastiaan , Nieman Carmine 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify distinctive mental health profiles for industrial psychologists based on the Mental Health Continuum. Further, it aimed to determine how these profiles differ with respect to work-role fit, meaningfulness and work engagement. It also aimed to investigate whether industrial psychologists within managerial or specialist differ in respect of different types of mental health. An online cross-sectional survey design was employed to draw a census sample (n = 274) from all South African industrial psychologists. A biographical questionnaire, the Work-Role Fit Scale, the Psychological Meaningfulness Scale, the Work Engagement Scale, and the Mental Health Continuum–Short Form were administered. Descriptive statistics, correlations, latent profile analysis, MANOVAs and ANOVAs were computed. Three mental health profiles for industrial psychologists were identified: languishing, moderately mentally healthy and flourishing. Significant differences between the three mental health profiles and experiences of meaningful work-role fit and work engagement were found, but not between experiences of managerial roles. The results show that individuals with different mental health profiles, experience work and its related outcomes, differently. Therefore, in order to enhance meaningful work-role fit and work engagement of industrial psychologists, a one-size-fits-all model may not be appropriate.
Automated Classification of Building Roofs for the Updating of 3D Building Models Using Heuristic Methods
Authors: Roschlaub Robert , Möst Karin , Krey Thomas 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the Bavarian Surveying Administration, remote sensing methods are applied in the context of nationwide airborne surveys for the acquisition of aerial photographs and airborne laser scanning for the derivation of the digital terrain model (DTM). At the Bavarian Agency for Digitisation, High-Speed Internet and Surveying (LDBV = Landesamt für Digitalisierung, Breitband und Vermessung), image-based digital surface models (bDOM) and digital orthophotos without building lean (trueDOP) are produced using the dense image matching (DIM) method. Buildings and their roofs are displayed in the trueDOP in the correct position to the cadastral ground plan. Based on these data, an expert system was developed for the investigation of construction cases and for the updating of 3D building models, which automatically calculates change notices and makes them available to the Agencies for Digitisation, High-Speed Internet and Surveying (ADBV = Amt für Digitalisierung, Breitband und Vermessung). The reliable detection of buildings plays a decisive role here. Representative reference classes for the classification of building roofs in the RGB colour space are formed and frequencies are calculated across the boundaries of the photo-flights. The classification is carried out with the aid of a normalized digital surface model (nDOM), which is calculated from the height differences between the bDOM and the DTM, and with heuristically defined threshold values for the colours in the representative RGB colour spaces. The presented method is transferable to all federal states.
Who Benefits from Mobility as a Service? A GIS-Based Investigation of the Population Served by Four Ride-Pooling Schemes in Hamburg, Germany
Authors: Aberle Christoph 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe emergence of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) holds the potential to satisfy passengers’ needs more flexibly than conventional public transport, while being more affordable than traditional taxi services. This paper examines the potential benefits of ride-pooling schemes for low-income urbanites. Using a GIS-based method, I examine four schemes in Hamburg regarding their coverage of public welfare recipients. Three out of four schemes potentially serve a population with a lower share of public welfare recipients compared to the Hamburg average. Furthermore, the populations in their service areas have a lower share of elderly people. One scheme stands out regarding both welfare recipient share and elderly resident share. Due to municipal requirement, its fare is much lower than the other schemes’ fares. From a low-income population’s perspective, only this scheme holds the potential to enable the urban poor to partake in MaaS.
Knowledge and attitude towards pain relief in labor among final year midwifery students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Endalew Nigussie Simeneh , Tawuye Hailu Yimer , Melesse Debas Yaregal 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Poor attitudes and lack of knowledge about labor pain has long been demonstrated to burden the health professionals, as well as the women. In developing countries, labor analgesia practice is not well established and undermined. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore final year midwifery students' knowledge and attitudes towards pain relief during labor.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among final year undergraduate midwifery students using structured, and self-administered questionnaire (N = 130). Descriptive statistics were performed. Results were presented using narrations, means and standard deviations, percentage, figure and tables. Univariate analysis was used to assess the association between demographic variables with poor knowledge and attitudes.

Results:
of 130 students participated, the majority, 88% of respondents understood that women can feel moderate to severe pain during labor. However, only less than half of the participants had knowledge of labor pain should be relieved. The majority, 70% of students did not have awareness about the methods of labor analgesia.

Conclusions:
Although the majority of final year midwifery students were agreed with women can feel moderate to severe labor pain, almost more than half of the students were not aware of the painless labor in the hospital. Most of the students believed that pharmacological methods of labor analgesia will affect the labor, baby, and mother. Therefore, considerable attention in preservice teaching and training about labor pain and analgesia for midwifery students is recommended.

Highlights:
Data Protection Impact Assessments as rule of law governance mechanisms
Authors: Harris Swee Leng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRule of law principles are essential for a fair and just society and apply to government activities regardless of whether those activities are undertaken by a human or automated data processing. This article explores how Data Protection Impact Assessments (DPIAs) could provide a mechanism for improved rule of law governance of data processing systems developed and used by government for public purposes in civil and administrative areas. Applying rule of law principles to two case studies provides a sketch of the issues and concerns that this article’s proposals for DPIAs seek to address. The article undertakes comparative analysis to find relevant principles and concepts for governance of data processing systems, looking at human rights impact assessments, administrative law, and process rights in environmental law. Drawing on this comparative analysis to identify specific recommendations for DPIAs, the article offers guidance on how DPIAs could be used to strengthen the governance of data processing by government in rule of law terms.
A Probabilistic Approach to Epistemic Safety from the Perspective of Ascribers
Authors: Xu Yingjin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract“Epistemic safety” refers to an epistemic status in which the subject acquires true beliefs without involving epistemic luck. There is a tradition of cashing out safety-defining modality in terms of possible world semantics (as put forward by Duncan Pritchard), and even Julian Dutant's and Martin Smith's normalcy-based notions of safety also take this semantics as a significant component of them. However, such an approach has to largely depend on epistemologists’ ad hoc intuitions on how to individuate possible worlds and how to pick out “close” worlds. In contrast, I propose a probabilistic approach to safety to maximally preclude the preceding type of ad hoc-ness. The main idea is as follows: Each epistemic vignette wherein a subject S holds a true belief p has to be evaluated by a safety-ascriber, hence, S holds a true belief p safely iff according to the safety-ascriber's evaluation (which is based on her background knowledge), the probability of the occurrence of the truth-maker of p is above a pre-fixed “safety threshold”. My theory will be applied to Lottery Cases, Gettierized Cases and Skeptical Cases to test the scope of its applicability.
Diagnostic and predictive values of plasma connective tissue growth factor in children with pulmonary hypertension associated with CHD
Authors: Hella Eslam , El Amrousy Doaa , El-Serogy Hesham , Zoair Amr 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the diagnostic and predictive values of plasma connective tissue growth factor in children with pulmonary hypertension (PH)-related CHD.Patients and methods:Forty patients with PH-related CHD were enrolled as group I, and 40 patients with CHD and no PH served as group II. Forty healthy children of matched age and sex served as a control group. Echocardiographic examinations and plasma connective tissue growth factor levels were performed for all included children. Cardiac catheterisation was performed for children with CHD only.Results:Plasma connective tissue growth factor levels were significantly higher in children with PH-related CHD compared to CHD-only patients and to control group and this elevation went with the severity of PH. There was a significant positive correlation between connective tissue growth factor levels and mean pulmonary pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, and right ventricular diameter. A significant negative correlation was noticed between connective tissue growth factor levels, oxygen saturation, and right ventricular diastolic function. The sensitivity of plasma connective tissue growth factor as a diagnostic biomarker for PH was 95%, and the specificity was 90% at a cut-off value ≥650 pg/mL. The predictive value of plasma connective tissue growth factor for adverse outcome had a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 83% at a cut-off value ≥1900 pg/mL.Conclusion:Connective tissue growth factor is a promising biomarker with good diagnostic and predictive values in children with PH-related CHD.
Twin Data: The Lives That Drive the Findings/Twin Research Reviews: Twin Concordance for Kleine–Levin Syndrome; Twin Study of Political Discussion; Twin Relationship Quality and Urinary Cortisol Level; Twin Research Guide/In the News: Twins’ Same Day Deliveries; Death of a Twin Holocaust Survivor; Identical Vindman Twins; Twin Festival in France; Tiniest Twins
Authors: Segal Nancy L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTwin data and the results generated by research are driven by the behavioral and physical attributes of twin participants. However, many investigators working with twin data have limited personal contact with actual twin-pairs. This situation may be limiting with respect to interpretation of results and formulation of new hypotheses. In an attempt to rectify this issue, key aspects of the interconnected lives of co-twins in three monozygotic male twin-pairs are presented. The section that follows includes a review of twin research on Kleine–Levin syndrome, political discussion, twin relationship quality and urinary cortisol level, and guidelines for determining sample sizes. The final part of this report presents twin-related news items relating to twins’ same day deliveries, death of a twin Holocaust survivor, the Vindman twins, a twin festival in France and the tiniest twins on record.
Super‐Earth Internal Structures and Initial Thermal States
Authors: Boujibar A. , Driscoll P. , Fei Y. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe presence of a planetary magnetic field is an important ingredient for habitability. The coexistence of a solid and a liquid core can facilitate the maintenance of a compositionally driven dynamo; however, the likelihood of such a configuration in super‐Earths is unknown. Recently, shock experiments and ab initio calculations have constrained the stability, equations of state, and melting properties of ultrahigh pressure core and mantle phases. Here, we investigate the internal structure of super‐Earth exoplanets with a range of total masses and core mass fractions ranging from that of Mars (0.2) to Mercury (0.68), including an Earth‐like bulk composition. We examine the effect of the initial core‐mantle boundary temperature (TCMB) on their internal structure and identify regimes with coexisting solid and liquid cores, and deep mantle melting. We find that the range of TCMB for which an inner core is growing increases with the total planet mass and even more with the core mass fraction. Therefore, our results suggest that super‐Earths should have a crystallizing core over a large temperature range. We also find that the presence of a growing inner core is likely to be accompanied by a partially liquid lower mantle, which will likely influence planetary thermal evolution. We estimate the initial CMB temperature after super‐Earth accretion by assuming an accretional heat retention efficiency similar to Earth. We find that massive super‐Earths are expected to have an initial internal temperature consistent with a partially liquid core, allowing for the possibility of thermal and compositional dynamo action.
Genetic testing of GCK-MODY identifies a novel pathogenic variant in a Chinese boy with early onset hyperglycemia
Authors: Poon Kok-Siong , Tan Karen Mei-Ling , Koay Evelyn Siew-Chuan , Sng Andrew 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGlucokinase-maturity-onset diabetes of the young (GCK-MODY or MODY 2), caused by a heterozygous inactivating variant in the Glucokinase (GCK) gene, is a common form of MODY. Here, we present a case of GCK-MODY in a young Chinese boy, his sister and his father with a novel pathogenic variant in exon 8 of the GCK gene, NM_000162.5:c.1015del, p.(Glu339Argfs*14), which is predicted to cause a significant change in protein structure and function.
Identification of cell surface markers and establishment of monolayer differentiation to retinal pigment epithelial cells
Authors: Plaza Reyes Alvaro , Petrus-Reurer Sandra , Padrell Sánchez Sara , Kumar Pankaj , Douagi Iyadh , Bartuma Hammurabi , Aronsson Monica , Westman Sofie , Lardner Emma , André Helder , Falk Anna , Nandrot Emeline F. , Kvanta Anders , Lanner Fredrik 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn vitro differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into functional retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells provides a potentially unlimited source for cell based reparative therapy of age-related macular degeneration. Although the inherent pigmentation of the RPE cells have been useful to grossly evaluate differentiation efficiency and allowed manual isolation of pigmented structures, accurate quantification and automated isolation has been challenging. To address this issue, here we perform a comprehensive antibody screening and identify cell surface markers for RPE cells. We show that these markers can be used to isolate RPE cells during in vitro differentiation and to track, quantify and improve differentiation efficiency. Finally, these surface markers aided to develop a robust, direct and scalable monolayer differentiation protocol on human recombinant laminin-111 and −521 without the need for manual isolation.
Magnon bound states versus anyonic Majorana excitations in the Kitaev honeycomb magnet α-RuCl3
Authors: Wulferding Dirk , Choi Youngsu , Do Seung-Hwan , Lee Chan Hyeon , Lemmens Peter , Faugeras Clément , Gallais Yann , Choi Kwang-Yong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe pure Kitaev honeycomb model harbors a quantum spin liquid in zero magnetic fields, while applying finite magnetic fields induces a topological spin liquid with non-Abelian anyonic excitations. This latter phase has been much sought after in Kitaev candidate materials, such as α-RuCl3. Currently, two competing scenarios exist for the intermediate field phase of this compound (B = 7 − 10 T), based on experimental as well as theoretical results: (i) conventional multiparticle magnetic excitations of integer quantum number vs. (ii) Majorana fermionic excitations of possibly non-Abelian nature with a fractional quantum number. To discriminate between these scenarios a detailed investigation of excitations over a wide field-temperature phase diagram is essential. Here, we present Raman spectroscopic data revealing low-energy quasiparticles emerging out of a continuum of fractionalized excitations at intermediate fields, which are contrasted by conventional spin-wave excitations. The temperature evolution of these quasiparticles suggests the formation of bound states out of fractionalized excitations.
A Novel Relative Permeability Model for Gas and Water Flow in Hydrate-Bearing Sediments With Laboratory and Field-Scale Application
Authors: Singh Harpreet , Myshakin Evgeniy M. , Seol Yongkoo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn a producing gas hydrate reservoir the effective porosity available for fluid flow constantly changes with dissociation of gas hydrate. Therefore, accurate prediction of relative permeability using legacy models (e.g. Brooks-Corey (B-C), van Genuchten, etc.) that were developed for conventional oil and gas reservoirs would require empirical parameters to be calibrated at various Sh over its range of variation, but such calibrations are precluded because of lack of experimental relative permeability data. This study proposes a new relative permeability model for gas hydrate-bearing media that is a function of maximum capillary pressure, capillary entry pressure, pore size distribution index, residual saturations, hydrate saturation, and four other constants. The three novel features of the proposed model are: (i) requires fitting its six empirical parameters only once using experimental data from any single Sh, and the same set of empirical parameters predict relative permeability at all Sh, (ii) includes the effect of capillarity, and (iii) includes the effect of pore-size distribution. From practical standpoint, the model can be used to simulate multiphase flow in gas hydrate-bearing sediments where the proposed relative permeability can account for the evolving hydrate saturation. The proposed model is implemented in a numerical simulator and the wall time required to perform simulations using the proposed model is shown to be similar to the time it takes to run same simulations with the B-C model. The proposed model is a step forward towards achieving the goal of physically accurate modeling of multiphase flow for gas hydrate-bearing sediments that accounts for the effect of gas hydrate saturation change on relative permeability.