bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The value of coordinated hydropower bidding in the Nordic day-ahead and balancing market
Authors: Aasgård Ellen Krohn 
Published: May 2020

AbstractModern power markets often consist of a series of sequential markets where power is traded. Market agents must coordinate their trading strategy across all markets. In this paper, we formulate the mult-market bidding problem for power producers as a stochastic program. This formulation is implemented within the framework of optimization models used by the Nordic hydropower industry. We also present how input to the stochastic program may be generated by using a forecast-based scenario generation method combined with time-series models that predicts future prices and turnovers in the markets. The model is applied in a case study to investigate the value of participating in the Nordic day-ahead and balancing market. A producer may participate in the balancing market either by considering the markets sequentially or coordinated. Using cases with limited and perfect information about the balancing market to calculate lower and upper bounds, we find that the value of participating in the balancing market using the sequential approach is between 0.8 and 2.6%. Using the coordinated approach, the producer may gain between 1.4 and 2.9%. The value of coordination, i.e. the value of using the coordinated over the sequential approach, is found to be higher in the limited information case (1.7%) than in the perfect information case (1.1%). This indicates that, the more uncertainty, the higher is the value of coordination.
Deficient Values of Solutions of Linear Differential Equations
Authors: Gundersen Gary G. , Heittokangas Janne , Wen Zhi-Tao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDifferential equations of the form $$f'' + A(z)f' + B(z)f = 0$$

f

′
′

+
A

(
z
)

f
′

+
B

(
z
)

f
=
0

(*) are considered, where A(z) and $$B(z) \not \equiv 0$$

B
(
z
)
≢
0

are entire functions. The Lindelöf function is used to show that for any $$\rho \in (1/2, \infty )$$

ρ
∈
(
1
/
2
,
∞
)

, there exists an equation of the form (*) which possesses a solution f with a Nevanlinna deficient value at 0 satisfying $$\rho =\rho (f)\ge \rho (A)\ge \rho (B)$$

ρ
=
ρ
(
f
)
≥
ρ
(
A
)
≥
ρ
(
B
)

, where $$\rho (h)$$

ρ
(
h
)

denotes the order of an entire function h. It is known that such an example cannot exist when $$\rho \le 1/2$$

ρ
≤
1
/
2

. For smaller growth functions, a geometrical modification of an example of Anderson and Clunie is used to show that for any $$\rho \in (2, \infty )$$

ρ
∈
(
2
,
∞
)

, there exists an equation of the form (*) which possesses a solution f with a Valiron deficient value at 0 satisfying $$\rho =\rho _{\log }(f)\ge \rho _{\log }(A)\ge \rho _{\log }(B)$$

ρ
=

ρ
log

(
f
)

≥

ρ
log

(
A
)

≥

ρ
log

(
B
)

, where $$\rho _{\log }(h)$$

ρ
log

(
h
)

denotes the logarithmic order of an entire function h. This result is essentially sharp. In both proofs, the separation of the zeros of the indicated solution plays a key role. Observations on the deficient values of solutions of linear differential equations are also given, which include a discussion of Wittich’s theorem on Nevanlinna deficient values, a modified Wittich theorem for Valiron deficient values, consequences of Gol’dberg’s theorem, and examples to illustrate possibilities that can occur.
A new approach for prediction of the wear loss of PTA surface coatings using artificial neural network and basic, kernel-based, and weighted extreme learning machine
Authors: Ulas Mustafa , Altay Osman , Gurgenc Turan , Özel Cihan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWear tests are essential in the design of parts intended to work in environments that subject a part to high wear. Wear tests involve high cost and lengthy experiments, and require special test equipment. The use of machine learning algorithms for wear loss quantity predictions is a potentially effective means to eliminate the disadvantages of experimental methods such as cost, labor, and time. In this study, wear loss data of AISI 1020 steel coated by using a plasma transfer arc welding (PTAW) method with FeCrC, FeW, and FeB powders mixed in different ratios were obtained experimentally by some of the researchers in our group. The mechanical properties of the coating layers were detected by microhardness measurements and dry sliding wear tests. The wear tests were performed at three different loads (19.62, 39.24, and 58.86 N) over a sliding distance of 900 m. In this study, models have been developed by using four different machine learning algorithms (an artificial neural network (ANN), extreme learning machine (ELM), kernel-based extreme learning machine (KELM), and weighted extreme learning machine (WELM)) on the data set obtained from the wear test experiments. The R2 value was calculated as 0.9729 in the model designed with WELM, which obtained the best performance [with 11among the models evaluated.
Project Stakeholder Management as the Integration of Stakeholder Salience, Public Participation, and Nonmarket Strategies
Authors: Joos Hannah Charlotte , zu Knyphausen-Aufseß Dodo , Pidun Ulrich 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDespite the increasingly active role of civic actors, there is often no possibility for them to participate in project planning and decision-making. This discrepancy leads to costly conflicts and even failures. Unfortunately, the literature on project stakeholder management does not have sufficient theoretical substantiation to address this issue. To fill this knowledge gap, we integrate the concepts of stakeholder salience, public participation, and nonmarket strategy, and apply them to two urban infrastructure projects in Germany. This study contributes to the literature in two dimensions. First, it offers a dynamic and conceptual model for project stakeholder management, providing explanations for different conflict intensities. Second, it advances each individual area of research. Examples include the identification and clustering of so-called nonmarket assets, an examination of the influence of nonmarket strategies on managers’ perceptions of stakeholder salience, and the study of public participation in a corporate–political context, rather than a purely political one.
Whiteness, Imperial Anxiety, and the “Global 1930s”: The White British League Debate in Hong Kong
Authors: Kong Vivian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWhat is a British colony for, and who is it for? These were the questions at the crux of a public debate in 1933 in Hong Kong sparked by a British resident claiming to have formed an organization for the “protection and advancement” of the “British white race.” This article explores how anxieties about fascism, white privilege, and “others” in the empire allowed the very idea of such a political movement to be elevated to the subject of heated debate. The discussion on British unemployment, poor whites, and European “intruders” in the colony tells us less about the actual socioeconomic conditions that Hong Kong Britons faced than about their subjective experience of being “British” in an imperial context. The articulation of imperial anxiety also shows us how the fluid, ambiguous borders of whiteness and Britishness were negotiated at the intersections of nationalism, ethnicity, class, and race. Highlighting the global perspectives demonstrated in the debate and the various transnational networks across Hong Kong, this article argues that the debate was as much about global sociopolitical circumstances as about what was happening in Hong Kong. It therefore offers a timely opportunity to rethink how the local, “national,” regional, and global were interwoven in the “global 1930s,” even among the English reading public in the British colony of Hong Kong.
Do People Like Mandatory Rules? The Impact of Framing and Phrasing
Authors: Zamir Eyal , Katz Ori 
Published: May 2020

Market regulation has traditionally focused on disclosure duties, yet mounting evidence questions their effectiveness. The efficacy of nudges is similarly doubted, especially when suppliers counter their effects. Consequently, there is growing interest in mandatory regulation of the content of contracts. Previous studies have examined public opinion about nudges but not about mandatory rules.We explore how the formulation of mandatory rules might affect their judged desirability, focusing on the choices: (1) between negative and positive formulation; and (2) between merely establishing substantive mandatory rules and supervising the wording of the contract as well. We also examine laypersons’ general attitude toward mandatory rules.We report the results of four studies, conducted with a representative sample of 968 US adults and 795 MTurk master workers. Contrary to our conjecture, we found that subjects generally judged wording rules as more desirable than merely substantive ones, and positive rules as more desirable than negative ones. There also appears to be strong support for pro-customer mandatory rules, even among conservative people. These results arguably legitimize more, and more effective, mandatory rules. They also suggest that the relative paucity of mandatory rules in US law is not due to public opposition to them but to other reasons.
RADIOCARBON AND DENDROCHRONOLOGY APPLIED IN A LEGAL DISPUTE: A CASE FROM COLOMBIA
Authors: del Valle Jorge I , Giraldo Jorge A 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTIn 2015 a dispute arose between an electricity company (EC) and smallholder of a teak plantation when the EC felled 80 trees (without consent of the owner) in a linear transect under a rural power-line-corridor (PLC), fragmenting the teak stand in two portions. The EC stated that there were no planted trees in the area when the PLC was established in 2008. The owner asserted he planted the stand in 2006 so in 2008 the company should have seen the planted trees. We used the bomb radiocarbon (14C) signal of three felled trees and dendrochronological dating of five trees, three felled by the EC and two felled by us in 2016, to do this study to determine the age. We found that the first growth rings were dated to 2005 both in the trees felled by the EC in 2015 and felled by us in 2016, one year before that reported by the owner (2006). This year corresponds to the wood present in the cuttings during the stand’s planting year. These facts are in agreement with the owner’s testimony. The plantation was 10 years old in 2015.
The Quantification and Interpretation of Ceramic Building Material (CBM) Assemblages in Britain
Authors: Warry Peter 
Published: May 2020

AbstractQuantification of assemblages of ceramic building material (CBM) is now normal excavation practice, but there is insufficient standardisation of methodology and little study of the validity or uses of these analyses. Consequently, it is difficult to interpret confidently the resulting analyses or make comparisons between sites. This paper suggests a simple approach and tests its validity empirically in urban environments where the high level of constructional churn should generate assemblage homogeneity. It then shows how the results can help with site and building interpretation.
Long-term safety and durability of effect with a combination of olanzapine and samidorphan in patients with schizophrenia: results from a 1-year open-label extension study
Authors: Yagoda Sergey , Graham Christine , Simmons Adam , Arevalo Christina , Jiang Ying , McDonnell David 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundCombination olanzapine and samidorphan (OLZ/SAM), in development for schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder, is intended to provide the efficacy of olanzapine while mitigating olanzapine-associated weight gain. OLZ/SAM safety, tolerability, and efficacy from a 52-week open-label extension study in patients with schizophrenia are reported.MethodsPatients previously completing the 4-week, double-blind ENLIGHTEN-1 study switched from OLZ/SAM, olanzapine, or placebo to OLZ/SAM. Assessments included adverse events (AEs), weight, vital signs, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) scores. Baseline was prior to first dose of OLZ/SAM in the extension study.ResultsIn total, 281 patients enrolled, 277 received ≥1 OLZ/SAM dose, and 183 (66.1%) completed 52 weeks. Reasons for discontinuation included patient withdrawal (15.5%), loss to follow-up (6.9%), AEs (5.8%), and lack of efficacy (1.8%). AEs were reported in 136 (49.1%) patients; increased weight (13%) and somnolence (8%) were most common. Ten serious AEs were reported in eight patients (2.9%); none were considered treatment related. There were no deaths. Mean (SD) baseline weight was 79.1 (17.8) kg. Mean weight change from baseline to week 52 was 1.86 kg (2.79% increase). PANSS total and CGI-S scores continued to decline over 52 weeks (mean [95% CI] changes from baseline to week 52: −16.2 [−18.5, −14.0] and −0.9 [−1.0, −0.8], respectively).ConclusionOLZ/SAM was generally well tolerated in this extension study; most patients completed the 52-week treatment period with sustained improvement in schizophrenia symptoms. Mean increases in weight stabilized by week 6 with limited subsequent change through end of treatment.
Temperature Inversion and Clouds Over the Arctic Ocean Observed by the 5th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition
Authors: Wang Ding , Guo Jianping , Chen Aijun , Bian Lingen , Ding Minghu , Liu Lin , Lv Yanmin , Li Jian , Guo Xiaoran , Han Yi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Arctic is of great significance to global weather and climate systems. However, its atmospheric conditions have yet to be fully understood, partly because of the lack of intensive observations. Here we reported on the characteristics of lower troposphere over the Arctic Ocean using high‐resolution radiosonde data collected during the 5th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition from July to September 2014. Statistical analyses showed that temperature inversion (TI) occurred most frequently below 700 m, without apparent temporal variability between morning and noon. In contrast, the occurrence frequency of morning surface‐based inversion (SBI) was always higher than at noon in the whole boundary layer, whereas the elevated inversion (EI) frequency seemed much lower in the morning compared with at noon. More frequent deeper clouds tended to occur in the morning than at noon, which led to more frequent EI than SBI. SBI was found to dominate the clear‐sky condition, whereas EI was generally observed under cloudy conditions. Regarding the seasonal variation, deep TI and clouds dominated during the first intensive observational period (IOP‐1; July 21–31) because of warm advection in combination with heating effects induced by long‐range transported black carbon (BC). During IOP‐2 (August 1–18), synoptic scale subsidence prevailed, with frequent EI and SBI partly caused by BC accumulation over the Arctic Ocean. In comparison, more clouds and less TI occurred during IOP‐3 (August 27–September 11) largely due to the outbreaking polar vortex. These observations contribute to a better understanding of vertical temperature and cloud structures under global warming.
A Comparative Study on the Discontinuous Luminosities of Two Upward Lightning Leaders With Opposite Polarities
Authors: Wang Xiankang , Wang Daohong , He Junjia , Takagi Nobuyuki 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe have performed a comparative study on the luminosity of 12 steps in an upward positive leader and eight steps in an upward negative leader recorded under similar conditions. Through analyzing their so‐called differential luminosity profiles along leader channels, we found that the steps of positive leaders can be classified into two types. The type I step luminosity is similar to the luminosity produced by a negative leader step and is generally featured with a rapid increase near the leader tip and accompanied by a backward propagation along the leader channel. The type II step is featured with continuous luminosity variation along the leader channel. No apparent backward propagation has been identified in the type II step luminosity of the positive leader. Based on these observations, we have discussed how the two types of steps of positive leaders are produced.
Epigenome-wide association study and multi-tissue replication of individuals with alcohol use disorder: evidence for abnormal glucocorticoid signaling pathway gene regulation
Authors: Lohoff Falk W. , Roy Arunima , Jung Jeesun , Longley Martha , Rosoff Daniel B. , Luo Audrey , O’Connell Emma , Sorcher Jill L. , Sun Hui , Schwandt Melanie , Hodgkinson Colin A. , Goldman David , Momenan Reza , McIntosh Andrew M. , Adams Mark J. , Walker Rosie M. , Evans Kathryn L. , Porteous David , Smith Alicia K. , Lee Jisoo , Muench Christine , Charlet Katrin , Clarke Toni-Kim , Kaminsky Zachary A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic debilitating disorder with limited treatment options and poorly defined pathophysiology. There are substantial genetic and epigenetic components; however, the underlying mechanisms contributing to AUD remain largely unknown. We conducted the largest DNA methylation epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) analyses currently available for AUD (total N = 625) and employed a top hit replication (N = 4798) using a cross-tissue/cross-phenotypic approach with the goal of identifying novel epigenetic targets relevant to AUD. Results show that a network of differentially methylated regions in glucocorticoid signaling and inflammation-related genes were associated with alcohol use behaviors. A top probe consistently associated across all cohorts was located in the long non-coding RNA growth arrest specific five gene (GAS5) (p < 10−24). GAS5 has been implicated in regulating transcriptional activity of the glucocorticoid receptor and has multiple functions related to apoptosis, immune function and various cancers. Endophenotypic analyses using peripheral cortisol levels and neuroimaging paradigms showed that methylomic variation in GAS5 network-related probes were associated with stress phenotypes. Postmortem brain analyses documented increased GAS5 expression in the amygdala of individuals with AUD. Our data suggest that alcohol use is associated with differential methylation in the glucocorticoid system that might influence stress and inflammatory reactivity and subsequently risk for AUD.
Drug repositioning for psychiatric and neurological disorders through a network medicine approach
Authors: Lüscher Dias Thomaz , Schuch Viviane , Beltrão-Braga Patrícia Cristina Baleeiro , Martins-de-Souza Daniel , Brentani Helena Paula , Franco Glória Regina , Nakaya Helder Imoto 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPsychiatric and neurological disorders (PNDs) affect millions worldwide and only a few drugs achieve complete therapeutic success in the treatment of these disorders. Due to the high cost of developing novel drugs, drug repositioning represents a promising alternative method of treatment. In this manuscript, we used a network medicine approach to investigate the molecular characteristics of PNDs and identify novel drug candidates for repositioning. Using IBM Watson for Drug Discovery, a powerful machine learning text-mining application, we built knowledge networks containing connections between PNDs and genes or drugs mentioned in the scientific literature published in the past 50 years. This approach revealed several drugs that target key PND-related genes, which have never been used to treat these disorders to date. We validate our framework by detecting drugs that have been undergoing clinical trial for treating some of the PNDs, but have no published results in their support. Our data provides comprehensive insights into the molecular pathology of PNDs and offers promising drug repositioning candidates for follow-up trials.
CircZNF609 enhances hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, metastasis, and stemness by activating the Hedgehog pathway through the regulation of miR-15a-5p/15b-5p and GLI2 expressions
Authors: He Yangke , Huang Hui , Jin Li , Zhang Fang , Zeng Ming , Wei Liang , Tang Shijia , Chen Dongqin , Wang Wansheng 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEmerging evidence has revealed that aberrantly expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) play vital roles in tumorigenesis and progression of diverse human malignancies. Although an existing literature has elucidated the regulatory role of circZNF609 in breast cancer, the crucial function that circZNF609 exerted on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Herein, we determined to explore the molecular mechanism of circZNF609 in HCC. In this study, circZNF609 was conspicuously overexpressed and featured with loop structure in HCC. Functional tests revealed that decreased expression of circZNF609 suppressed cell proliferation, metastasis and stemness, whereas induced cell apoptosis in HCC. Subsequent molecular mechanism assays indicated that circZNF609 contributed to HCC progression through activation of Hedgehog pathway. Moreover, circZNF609 was found to be negatively correlated with miR-15a-5p/15b-5p but positively correlated with GLI2. Moreover, there was a negative correlation between miR-15a-5p/15b-5p and GLI2. Rescue experiments testified that GLI2 overexpression could recover circZNF609 depletion-mediated function on HCC development while miR-15a-5p/15b-5p inhibition could partially rescue circZNF609 silencing-mediated effect on HCC progression. Final experiments in vivo further elucidated the suppressive function of circZNF609 knockdown on the tumorigenesis of HCC. Briefly, circZNF609 enhances HCC cell proliferation, metastasis, and stemness by activating the Hedgehog pathway through the regulation of miR-15a-5p/15b-5p and GLI2 expressions.
Machine-learning-guided discovery of the gigantic magnetocaloric effect in HoB2 near the hydrogen liquefaction temperature
Authors: Castro Pedro Baptista de , Terashima Kensei , Yamamoto Takafumi D , Hou Zhufeng , Iwasaki Suguru , Matsumoto Ryo , Adachi Shintaro , Saito Yoshito , Song Peng , Takeya Hiroyuki , Takano Yoshihiko 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMagnetic refrigeration exploits the magnetocaloric effect, which is the entropy change upon the application and removal of magnetic fields in materials, providing an alternate path for refrigeration other than conventional gas cycles. While intensive research has uncovered a vast number of magnetic materials that exhibit a large magnetocaloric effect, these properties remain unknown for a substantial number of compounds. To explore new functional materials in this unknown space, machine learning is used as a guide for selecting materials that could exhibit a large magnetocaloric effect. By this approach, HoB2 is singled out and synthesized, and its magnetocaloric properties are evaluated, leading to the experimental discovery of a gigantic magnetic entropy change of 40.1 J kg−1 K−1 (0.35 J cm−3 K−1) for a field change of 5 T in the vicinity of a ferromagnetic second-order phase transition with a Curie temperature of 15 K. This is the highest value reported so far, to the best of our knowledge, near the hydrogen liquefaction temperature; thus, HoB2 is a highly suitable material for hydrogen liquefaction and low-temperature magnetic cooling applications.