bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does loneliness, self‐esteem and psychological distress correlate with problematic internet use? A Bangladeshi survey study
Authors: Mamun Mohammed A. , Hossain Md. Sharif , Moonajilin Mst. Sabrina , Masud Mohammed Tanvir , Misti Jannatul Mawa , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundResearchers have claimed that problematic internet use (PIU) and internet addiction (IA) is a global mental health problem. However, little research has addressed this issue in Bangladesh and no previous study has examined the relationship between PIU and potential psychological risk factors.AimThe present study examined the prevalence of PIU and its associated risk factors including socio‐demographic variables, internet use behaviors, and other psychological variables including loneliness, self‐esteem, and psychological distress.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among Bangladeshi students (N = 605). Measures included the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Rosenberg's Self‐Esteem Scale, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the General Health Questionnaire.ResultsUsing a cut‐off score of ≤60 (out of 100) on the IAT, the prevalence of PIU was 16.5% (n = 100). Regression analysis showed that sleep disturbance (more or less than 6‐7 hours sleeping time), not using internet for academic purposes, and online chatting were risk factors for PIU. Loneliness and psychological distress were positively correlated with PIU, whereas self‐esteem was negatively correlated.ConclusionsThe present study highlights that PIU among Bangladeshi university students is an issue of concern and that targeted prevention is needed among emerging adults to help overcome the potentially negative effects of problematic internet use.
Contact urticaria and protein contact dermatitis in the Finnish Register of Occupational Diseases in a period of 12 years
Authors: Pesonen Maria , Koskela Kirsi , Aalto‐Korte Kristiina 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough occupational contact urticaria (CU) and protein contact dermatitis (PCD) are considered frequent among workers with exposure to proteinaceous materials, data on occupations at risk and the main causes of these occupational skin diseases are relatively limited.ObjectivesTo report the causative agents and risk occupations for CU and PCD in the Finnish Register of Occupational Diseases (FROD).MethodsWe retrieved from the FROD all recognized cases of CU/PCD in the years 2005–2016.ResultsWith 570 cases, CU and PCD constituted 11% of all recognized cases of occupational skin diseases in the study period. Occupations with the highest incidence of CU/PCD included bakers, chefs and cooks, farmers and farm workers, veterinarians, gardeners, and hairdressers. The most common causative agents were cow dander and flour and grain, followed by natural rubber latex (NRL) and other food. In food‐related occupations, wheat and other flours were by far the most common cause of CU/PCD, with 76 cases, whereas fish and other animal‐derived food caused 33 and other plant‐derived food caused 23 cases.ConclusionsApart from the Finnish peculiarity of cow dander allergy, a striking finding was a large share of CU/PCD caused by flours in food handlers as compared to other food.
Food‐effect study of nilotinib in chronic myeloid leukaemia (NiFo study): Enabling dose reduction and relief of treatment burden
Authors: Boons Christel C. L. M. , den Hartog Yvonne M. , Janssen Jeroen J. W. M. , Zandvliet Anthe S. , Vos René M. , Swart Eleonora L. , Hendrikse N. Harry , Hugtenburg Jacqueline G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesTaking advantage of its food‐dependent bioavailability, the present study investigated the effect of a reduced dose taken with real‐life meals on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of nilotinib in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients.MethodsNilotinib was taken fasted (300 mg BID, days 1‐4) or with real‐life meals (200 mg BID, days 5‐11). Rich sampling (days 1, 3, 8, 11) allowed for non‐compartmental PK analysis. Nilotinib exposure (AUC0–12 h ‐Cmin ‐Cmax) and its intra‐ and interpatient variability were compared between the two regimens. Adverse events were recorded by means of a patient diary and ECG monitoring.ResultsFifteen patients aged 40‐74 years participated. Nilotinib PK following 200 mg BID taken with a meal strongly resembled that of 300 mg BID taken fasted (Cmin percentile (P)10‐P90: 665‐1404 ng/mL and 557‐1743 ng/mL, respectively). Meals delayed nilotinib absorption. Intra‐ and interpatient variability were not increased by intake with meals. Nilotinib with food was well tolerated.ConclusionWith support of therapeutic drug monitoring, the use of a reduced 200 mg nilotinib dose with real‐life meals seems feasible and safe. Future (confirmatory) studies should further explore the usefulness of nilotinib dosing together with food, including the relationship with treatment efficacy as well as long‐term effects on quality of life.Clinical Trial Registration: NTR5000 (Netherlands Trial Register, www.trialregister.nl).
The Australian experience with switching to extended half‐life factor VIII and IX concentrates: On behalf of the Australian Haemophilia Centre Directors' Organisation
Authors: Brennan Yvonne , Parikh Sumit , McRae Simon , Tran Huyen 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionExtended half‐life (EHL) factor (F) VIII and FIX concentrates became available to selected haemophilia A (HA) and haemophilia B (HB) patients in Australia in March 2018.AimTo determine factor utilization and bleeding outcomes during the first 6 months of prophylaxis with EHL concentrates, and compare it to the last 6 months of prophylaxis with standard half‐life (SHL) concentrates.MethodsA national, retrospective study was performed using data extracted from the Australian Bleeding Disorders Registry (ABDR). Patients with ≥3 months of EHL exposure were analysed.ResultsA total of 129 HA patients (86 Adynovate, 43 Eloctate) and 64 HB (Alprolix) patients were included in the study. For HA, switching to EHL FVIII resulted in decreased injection frequency (3 to 2 per week), improved ‘reduced adherence’ rates (18% to 7%), decreased median annualized bleeding rate (ABR; 2.0 to 0.0) and increased proportion of patients with zero bleeds (44% to 64%). Actual factor utilization increased by 20 IU/kg/wk on Adynovate and 4 IU/kg/wk on Eloctate. For HB, switching to EHL FIX resulted in decreased injection frequency (2 to 1 per week), improved ‘reduced adherence’ rates (35% to 11%), decreased median ABR (3.0 to 2.0) and increased proportion of patients with zero bleeds (31% to 46%). Actual factor utilization decreased by 4 IU/kg/wk. There was no clinically significant inhibitor development.ConclusionCompared to SHL, EHL FVIII resulted in improved bleeding outcomes, albeit at the expense of increased factor utilization. EHL FIX resulted in improved bleeding outcomes despite decreased factor utilization.
Serial block‐face scanning electron microscopy reveals novel intercellular connections in human term placental microvasculature
Authors: Palaiologou Eleni , Goggin Patricia , Chatelet David S. , Ribeiro de Souza Rodolfo , Chiu Wendy , Ashley Brogan , Lofthouse Emma M. , Sengers Bram G. , Torrens Christopher , Page Anton M. , Cleal Jane K. , Lewis Rohan M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe placental microvasculature is a conduit for fetal blood allowing solute exchange between the mother and the fetus. Serial block‐face scanning electron microscopy (SBF SEM) allows ultrastructure to be viewed in three dimensions and provides a new perspective on placental anatomy. This study used SBF SEM to study endothelial cells within the human placental microvasculature from uncomplicated pregnancies. Term human placental villi were aldehyde‐fixed and processed for imaging by SBF SEM. Manual segmentation was carried out on a terminal villous capillary and an intermediate villous arteriole and venule. Twenty‐seven SBF SEM stacks from terminal villi were analysed using stereological approaches to determine the volumes of microvascular components and the proportions of pericyte coverage. SBF SEM analysis of capillary endothelial cells revealed the presence of interendothelial protrusions (IEPs) originating from the donor cell at the endothelial junction and forming deep thin projections up to 7 μm into the adjacent endothelial cells. IEP density was estimated to be in the order of 35 million cm–3 placental tissue. Pericytes cover 15% of the fetal capillary surface area in terminal villi. In comparison, the cytotrophoblast covered 24% of the syncytiotrophoblast basal membrane. A trans‐endothelial channel was observed in a region of the vasculo‐syncytial capillary. Pericyte coverage was extensive in both arteriole and venule. Three‐dimensional imaging of the placental microvasculature identified novel ultrastructural features and provided an insight into factors that may influence capillary permeability and placental function. We hypothesise that the IEPs may allow mechanosensing between adjacent endothelial cells to assist in the maintenance of vessel integrity. The numbers of endothelial junctions, the presence of trans‐endothelial channels and the extent of pericyte coverage all provide an insight into the factors determining capillary permeability.
The efficacy of bleomycin for treating keloid and hypertrophic scar: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Woo Il , Kim Sooyoung , Cho Sung Woo , Cho Moon Kyun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundPathologic scars can lead to itching, erythema, and psychological stress due to cosmetic problems. Bleomycin, one of anticancer agents, has been used for treating keloid or hypertrophic scar. Some studies have shown that bleomycin can induce markedly scar improvement.AimsTo evaluate the efficacy of bleomycin compared to corticosteroid as well as other treatments for keloid or hypertrophic scar using meta‐analysis methods.MethodsA computerized search was performed in different databases including Cochrane, Embase, and PubMed. Three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two controlled clinical trials (CCTs) were included. Then, statistical analyses of extracted outcome data from the studies were calculated using Rex (version 3.0.1; RexSoft Inc).ResultsScar improvement was significantly increased in the bleomycin group compared to the triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) group (SMD: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.30‐0.88, P < .0001). In addition, there was also statistically significant difference between the bleomycin group and the 5‐FU group (SMD: 1.37, 95% CI: 0.88‐1.85, P < .0001). Bleomycin increased relatively scar improvement compared to TAC combined with 5‐FU, although there was no statistical difference (SMD: 0.63, 95% CI: −0.59‐1.84, P = .3108). Furthermore, bleomycin demonstrated significantly increased improvement of scar compared to TAC combined with cryotherapy (SMD: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.48‐1.74, P = .0006).ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis found that bleomycin was more effective for treating keloid or hypertrophic scar than other treatments including TAC, 5‐FU, TAC combined with 5‐FU, and TAC combined with cryotherapy. However, further comprehensive studies, including randomized controlled trials, are needed to perform objective analysis.
A new three‐point filler technique to maximize safety for the correction of glabellar rhytids: Evaluation of 50 patients
Authors: Sahan Ali , Karaosmanoglu Nermin , Ozdemir Cetinkaya Pınar 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundHyaluronic acid (HA) fillers have been widely used for reversing the signs of the aging face. Injectable fillers are particularly effective in treating vertical glabellar wrinkles.AimsThe aim of this study was to share our own safe glabella filling technique and to evaluate our results in 50 patients with facial rejuvenation.MethodsA total of 50 patients consisting of women and men with moderate to severe glabellar rhytids were enrolled in the study. Patients were evaluated before the injection procedure and 2 weeks after the procedure by using the Rao‐Goldman scale. We have described a new three‐point filler technique.ResultsOf 50 patients, 39 were females and 11 males, and the mean age was 39.82 ± 6.44 years. The mean volume of HA that was injected into the glabellar wrinkles was 0.61 ± 0.12 mL. Eight patients had experienced mild complications related to the procedure. None of the patients had experienced skin necrosis and visual impairment.ConclusionOur technique is a simple and safe procedure to correct glabellar rhytids. Practitioners should be aware of the safe injection techniques, potential complications, and management of these complications for a good clinical practice.
How forensic mental health nurses’ perspectives of their patients can bias healthcare: A qualitative review of nursing documentation
Authors: Martin Krystle , Ricciardelli Rosemary , Dror Itiel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAims and ObjectivesOur aim was to examine the notes produced by nurses, paying specific attention to the style in which these notes are written and observing whether there are concerns of distortions and biases.BackgroundClinicians are responsible to document and record accurately. However, nurses’ attitudes towards their patients can influence the quality of care they provide their patients and this inevitably impacts their perceptions and judgments, with implications to patients’ care, treatment, and recovery. Negative attitudes or bias can cascade to other care providers and professionals.DesignThis study used a retrospective chart review design and qualitative exploration of documentation using an emergent theme analysis.MethodsWe examined the notes taken by 55 mental health nurses working with inpatients in the forensic services department at a psychiatric hospital. The study complies with the SRQR Checklist (Appendix S1) published in 2014.ResultsThe results highlight some evidence of nurses’ empathic responses to patients, but suggest that most nurses have a style of writing that much of the time includes themes that are negative in nature to discount, pathologise, or paternalise their patients.ConclusionsWhen reviewing the documentation of nurses in this study, it is easy to see how they can influence and bias the perspective of other staff. Such bias cascade and bias snowball have been shown in many domains, and in the context of nursing it can bias the type of care provided, the assessments made and the decisions formed by other professionals.Relevance to Clinical PracticeGiven the critical role documentation plays in healthcare, our results indicate that efforts to improve documentation made by mental health nurses are needed and specifically, attention needs to be given to the writing styles of the notation.
Trends and determinants of drinking water practices among North Carolina children
Authors: Oh Uhlee , Weintraub Jane A. , Sams Lattice D. , Divaris Kimon 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo identify trends and determinants of drinking water practices [bottled (BW) versus community water (CW) consumption] among families of pediatric patients presenting to an academic dental institution over 15 years.MethodsElectronic health record data were obtained for all first‐time routine‐care patients ages 0–16 presenting to UNC‐Chapel Hill's Pediatric Dentistry Clinics from 2002 to 2016, including families' primary drinking water source and patient demographics (e.g., age, gender, residence, insurance status). Data analyses included descriptive and bivariate methods and multivariable modeling using a P < 0.05 statistical significance criterion.ResultsBW consumption has increased over time, from 17 percent in 2004 to 42 percent in 2016 (n = 2,920; P < 0.05). Medicaid‐enrolled children [prevalence ratio (PR) = 2.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.8–2.4] and residents of rural counties (PR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1–1.5) were significantly more likely to consume BW versus CW.ConclusionsBW consumption among NC children has been increasing and is most prevalent among low‐income families and in rural areas.
Deconstructing circadian disruption: Assessing the contribution of reduced peripheral oscillator amplitude on obesity and glucose intolerance in mice
Authors: van der Vinne Vincent , Martin Burgos Blanca , Harrington Mary E. , Weaver David R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDisturbing the circadian regulation of physiology by disruption of the rhythmic environment is associated with adverse health outcomes but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, the response of central and peripheral circadian clocks to an advance or delay of the light‐dark cycle was determined in mice. This identified transient damping of peripheral clocks as a consequence of an advanced light‐dark cycle. Similar depression of peripheral rhythm amplitude was observed in mice exposed to repeated phase shifts. To assess the metabolic consequences of such peripheral amplitude depression in isolation, temporally chimeric mice lacking a functional central clock (Vgat‐Cre+ Bmal1fl/fl) were housed in the absence of environmental rhythmicity. In vivo PER2::LUC bioluminescence imaging of anesthetized and freely moving mice revealed that this resulted in a state of peripheral amplitude depression, similar in severity to that observed transiently following an advance of the light‐dark cycle. Surprisingly, our mice did not show alterations in body mass or glucose tolerance in males or females on regular or high‐fat diets. Overall, our results identify transient damping of peripheral rhythm amplitude as a consequence of exposure to an advanced light‐dark cycle but chronic damping of peripheral clocks in isolation is insufficient to induce adverse metabolic outcomes in mice.
Regional variance in the use of urine dipstick test for outpatients in Japan
Authors: Nishi Hiroshi , Yoshida Yui , Inoue Reiko , Takemura Koji , Nangaku Masaomi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimThe urine dipstick is a simple diagnostic module for detecting proteinuria, haematuria and glycosuria and is favourably accepted in East Asia despite debates regarding its accuracy and target population, claiming that quantitative tests for a high‐risk cohort should be more cost‐effective. However, the current status of utilizing this test in these countries is not widely known due to lack of extensive data. We aimed to clarify the current nationwide and regional status of utilization of the urine dipstick test in an outpatient care setting and to determine the regional factors associated with adoption of this method.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study used openly accessible data from the national claim database that included the health insurance claims data of the Japanese population in 2017.ResultsIn total, 67 125 386 urine dipstick tests were performed compared with 1 862 700 quantitative urine protein tests and 17 544 949 urine sediment microscopy tests. Dipstick tests were employed principally for those who are >65 years old (60.3%) and, although the male population (52.5%) is generally larger, the female population is larger in age of 15 to 39 years and >85 years. Multivariate analysis with several regional parameters revealed that the test was performed more commonly in the areas that accommodate greater elderly population (P < .01).ConclusionDespite a heated dispute, the urine dipstick test is performed even more frequently than the quantitative biochemical or microscopic sediment tests, especially in regions holding the larger elderly population, which suggests that the test forms a part of geriatric medical care.
A New Vacuum System for Steam Plant Condenser
Authors: Engeda Abraham , Hegazy Ahmed , Yousef Khaled 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In the current work, a simple and low energy consuming system is proposed for holding on the vacuum in the steam power plant system. The vacuum is created at the tip of an inverted U-pipe through which water flows by siphon effect due to the height difference in water surfaces of two tanks. This height difference and the elevation of the inverted U-pipe tip define the value of the vacuum to be grown. The U-pipe tip is connected to the discharge pipe of a compressor which draws a mixture of air, and water vapor from the steam condenser and raises their pressure a little higher than that of the inverted U-pipe tip. The mixture flows with the water down the inverted U-pipe till they depart the U-tube. A thermodynamic and fluid flow analysis is developed for predicting the performance of the proposed system. The results of this analysis show that the right selection of the mass flowrate ratio of water flowing in the inverted U-pipe to air and water vapor mixture sucked by the compressor from the steam plant condenser, in the range of 25,000, the height of the inverted U-pipe summit from the water level of the higher water tank greater than 9.2 m and the height difference of the water levels in the two water tanks small enough, in the range of 0.1 m saves the power of vacuum system by 80% less than that consumed when using compressor alone for venting the steam plant condenser.
Model-Based Dynamic Calibration of a Multi-Actuator Gap Leveler for Heavy Plates
Authors: Brauneis Robert , Steinboeck Andreas , Jochum Martin , Kugi Andreas 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A novel method to calibrate the work rolls of a precision leveler for heavy plates is proposed. During the leveling process, a sequence of bending steps is imposed on the plate by the work rolls of the leveler to eliminate flatness defects. The respective positions of the rolls define the intensity of the consecutive bends. Any deviation from the desired roll position may result in a suboptimal leveling process. Thus, an exact control of the position of the work rolls is required. Due to backlash, wear, tolerances, and elastic deformation, the roll positions cannot be determined from nominal parameters and dimensions. Therefore, the machine has to be calibrated and properly adjusted to find suitable reference positions for control. During calibration, the structure is prestressed with a suitable test force and the signals of force and displacement sensors are recorded. As a result, reference points for future control inputs are obtained. A major drawback of a frequently used calibration method for levelers is that the work rolls of multi-actuator gap levelers cannot be properly calibrated. In practice, the work rolls are manually adjusted by the maintenance personnel of the machine. In this case, backlash may cause the loaded work rolls to deviate from their intended positions. Thus, a new method to calibrate the position of the individually actuated work rolls is developed and tested.
Leadership, Bridging, and Group-Game Engineering: Guidelines for Community Sport Coaches
Authors: Crisp Philippe 
Published: April 2020

Purposeful engagement with community matters continues to underpin the U.K. government’s approach to sport and sports coaching. However, although there is an emerging body of work related to the domain of community sport coaching, the development of skills, knowledge, and competencies for sports coaches is often focused in the field of sports performance. This leaves questions regarding the nature, function, supportive coaching strategies, and contextual effectiveness for coaches working within community sport settings/initiatives. The purpose of this study is to share suggestions for how community sports programs can be best managed and facilitated by sports leaders and coaches. Results of an action research project with 13 community sport coaches in the United Kingdom are used to inform the discussion. Four approaches to community sports coaching are shown contribute to building coach–participant relationships, satisfaction, and project/practice success: (a) establish common ground, (b) develop relationships, (c) prioritize inclusivity (through establishing behavioral boundaries and through game/activity management), and (d) highlight meaningful activity and contribution to games for all participants.