bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Horizontal ridge augmentation using native collagen membrane vs titanium mesh in atrophic maxillary ridges: Randomized clinical trial
Authors: Atef Mohammed , Tarek Ahmed , Shaheen Mostafa , Alarawi Reem M. , Askar Niveen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundSeveral techniques have been proposed to reconstruct deficient alveolar ridges including bone blocks, ridge splitting and guided bone regeneration (GBR). GBR has been successfully established in restoring horizontal bone deficiency. However, yet still there is a debate regarding the ideal barrier for GBR.PurposeTo evaluate the quantity and the quality of the bone gained using collagen membrane with 1:1 mixture of autogenous and anoraganic bovine bone mineral compared to titanium mesh with the same mixture of bone for GBR of horizontally deficient maxillary ridges.Materials and MethodsTwo different grafting techniques were evaluated, 10 patients receiving GBR using native collagen membrane using 1:1 autogenous and anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM) bone mixture, and 10 patients receiving GBR using titanium mesh with same mixture of bone.ResultsStatistical analysis showed a significant increase in alveolar bone width in both techniques with a mean bone gain of 4.0 mm for Collagen group and 3.7 mm for titanium mesh group. Bone area percent was almost 28% for both groups. For Ti‐mesh group, six sites soft tissue healing was uneventfully with no signs of wound dehiscence. However, four cases showed mesh exposure first 3 patients showed this exposure 3 weeks postoperatively while the fourth patient showed exposure 4 months postoperatively. The mean graft resorption in the Collagen and mesh group 6 months postoperative was considered nonsignificant.ConclusionsGBR with both collagen membrane and titanium mesh using a 1:1 mixture of autogenous and ABBM is a viable technique for horizontal augmentation of deficient maxillary alveolar ridges. Titanium mesh is a more technique sensitive compared to collagen membrane. Soft tissue dehiscence and difficulty during second stage removal should limit its use in augmentation of horizontally deficient maxillary ridges.
Projected effects of climate change on boreal bird community accentuated by anthropogenic disturbances in western boreal forest, Canada
Authors: Cadieux Philippe , Boulanger Yan , Cyr Dominic , Taylor Anthony R. , Price David T. , Sólymos Péter , Stralberg Diana , Chen Han Y.H. , Brecka Aaron , Tremblay Junior A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimClimate change is expected to influence boreal bird communities significantly, notably through changes in forest habitat (composition and age structure), in the coming decades. How these changes will accumulate and interact with anthropogenic disturbances remains an open question for most species.LocationNortheastern Alberta, Canada.MethodsWe used the LANDIS‐II forest landscape model to project changes in forest landscapes, and associated bird populations (72 passerine species), according to three climatic scenarios (baseline, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) and three forest harvesting scenarios of differing intensity.ResultsBoth forest harvesting and climate‐related drivers were projected to have large impacts on bird communities in this region. As a result of climate‐induced increases in fire activity as well as decreased conifer productivity, our simulations projected that an important proportion of Alberta's boreal forests would transition to treeless habitat (i.e. grass‐ or shrub‐dominated vegetation) while many conifer‐dominated stands would likely be replaced by broadleaf tree cover. Consequently, the abundance of bird species associated with open and deciduous habitats were projected to increase. With a strong anthropogenic climate‐forcing scenario (RCP 8.5), sharp declines in abundance of coniferous trees were also projected, particularly in mature and old forest stands, triggering major declines for bird species associated with coniferous and mixedwood forest types.Main conclusionsAs the most comprehensive simulation of climate change and harvesting impacts on avian habitats in the North American boreal region to date, our study stresses the importance of considering key habitat characteristics like forest age structure and composition through forest landscape modelling and identifies 18 bird species particularly sensitive to climate change. Our simulations suggest that a change in forest management practices could play an important role in the conservation of boreal bird species vulnerable to climate change. The intensive forest harvesting simulated accelerated declines in bird abundance compared to a “no harvesting” scenario.
Colony size, nestmate density and social history shape behavioural variation in Formica fusca colonies
Authors: Somogyi Anna Ágnes , Tartally András , Maák István Elek , Barta Zoltán 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn ants, individuals live in tightly integrated units (colonies) and work collectively for its success. In such groups, stable intraspecific variation in behaviour within or across contexts (personality) can occur at two levels: individuals and colonies. This paper examines how colony size and nestmate density influence the collective exploratory behaviour of Formica fusca (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), in the laboratory. The housing conditions of the colonies were manipulated to vary the size of colonies and their densities under a fully factorial design. The results demonstrate the presence of colony behavioural repeatability in this species, and contrary to our expectations, colonies were more explorative on average when they were kept at lower nestmate densities. We also found that experimental colonies created from larger source colonies were more explorative, which conveys that a thorough understanding of the contemporary behaviour of a colony may require knowing its social history and how it was formed. Our results also convey that the colony size and nestmate density can have significant effects on the exploratory behaviour of ant colonies.
Diversity and seasonal changes in carabid assemblages of a mature, secondary and plantation forest mosaic in the Zhangguangcai Mountains in northeastern China
Authors: Sun Xiaojie , Diekman Maryse , Yan Xin , Zou Yi , Sang Weiguo , Axmacher Jan Christoph 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWhile China is promoting the re‐establishment of forests across the country on a globally unprecedented scale, the biodiversity harboured by the resulting secondary and plantation forests remains poorly understood. Here, we assess the carabid diversity at Zhangguangcai Mountains in northeastern China that comprise a unique mosaic of mature forest remnants, secondary forests and forest plantations.We located pitfall traps in five distinct forest types: mature conifer and mature mixed forest, secondary mixed forest, secondary broadleaved forest dominated by birch (Betula platyphylla) and poplar (Populus davidiana), and in larch plantations. We recorded 9073 carabid beetles representing 42 species, with richness, abundance and diversity of ground beetles all peaking in secondary broadleaved forests. Assemblages sampled in larch plantations were least species rich, but species extrapolation curves indicate a potentially high overall species richness.Carabid communities were clearly differentiated according to forest type, with larch plantations and secondary broadleaved forests containing beetle assemblages distinct from the other three forest types, while the mixed secondary and mature forest types harboured similar assemblages.Carabid communities also showed a clear seasonality in all forest types, with the plantation forest communities remaining distinctly different from the clustered communities of the mature and mixed secondary forest types throughout the year. Broadleaved secondary forest assemblages occupy an intermediate position throughout the sampling season.
Which glass stability parameters can assess the glass‐forming ability of oxide systems?
Authors: Jiusti Jeanini , Cassar Daniel R. , Zanotto Edgar D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGlass‐forming ability (GFA) is a property of utmost importance in glass science and technology. In this paper, we used a statistical methodology—involving bootstrap sampling and the Wilcoxon test—to find out which glass stability (GS) parameters best predict the GFA. The GS parameters are based on the characteristic temperatures: glass transition temperature (Tg), onset of crystallization (Tx), crystallization peak (Tc) and liquidus (Tl). We collected the necessary data for twelve stoichiometric oxide glasses using finely ground powders to favor heterogeneous nucleation (the most common case). We found that some GS parameters predict the GFA of these oxide glasses quite well, whereas others perform poorly. The Weinberg parameter Kw = (Tc − Tg)/Tl ranked first, closely followed by the Hrüby and the Lu‐Liu parameter. Our results corroborate previous reports carried out using a smaller number of glasses, much less GS parameters, and less rigorous statistics. We also found that using Tc instead of Tx improved the predictive power of these parameters. Finally, the Jezica = η (Tl)/Tl2 (η = viscosity) parameter also ranked reasonable well, and it is the only parameter considered here that predicts the GFA without requiring the production of a glass piece, ie, without relying on any crystallization information.
Beyond ‘mobility’: A new understanding of moving with technology
Authors: Hafermalz Ella , Johnston Robert B. , Hovorka Dirk S. , Riemer Kai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe report a surprising experience with mobile technology: the lead author found herself seeing and acting differently while running over part of her usual running track with the exercise‐tracking application ‘Strava’ on her phone, even without focal attention to the app. We apply the method of problematization to a detailed empirical account of this experience, in conjunction with a literature analysis of taken‐for‐granted assumptions underpinning research on ‘mobile technology use’. This reveals that, while the relationship of attention, perception, movement and technology was a key element of the surprise, these themes are not well accounted for in current IS literature. In response, we employ J. J. Gibson's ecological theory of visual perception to reinterpret the empirical account and thereby build a new understanding of the human plus mobile technology that we term moving‐with‐technology. We introduce to IS: moving‐with‐technology as a new analytical perspective; the new phenomena of digital sub‐species, digital‐niches and asynchronous co‐location; and stimulus for new ecologically oriented ‘mobile methods’. Moving‐with‐technology also has practical implications for urban planners who are using data from digital trace‐making tools such as Strava in their decision‐making, thereby generating what we call ecological feedback loops.
A review: Recent advances in sol‐gel‐derived hydroxyapatite nanocoatings for clinical applications
Authors: Choi Gina , Choi Andy H. , Evans Louise A. , Akyol Sibel , Ben‐Nissan Besim 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe prospect of modifying the surface properties of the substrate (or base) material to enhance its corrosion and wear resistance as well as its reliability, performance, and more importantly its bioactivity is made possible using nanocoatings. An effective technique of synthesizing high purity nanocoatings in addition to nanopowders and fibers is to utilize the sol‐gel approach. It is an attractive and versatile method that can be carried out with relative ease. Ceramic coatings, such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), can be fabricated through chemical means from solutions and consequently complex shapes can be coated economically. Given the fact that mixing takes place on the atomic scale, one of the key advantages of the sol‐gel technique is its capacity to produce homogeneous materials, and it has been shown that the mechanical properties of sol‐gel coatings are enhanced due to the presence of nanocrystalline grain structures. This review covers a brief insight into the recent application of HAp nanocoatings derived from sol‐gel technique.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the effects of global health competency improvement programs on nurses and nursing students
Authors: Kang Jiwon , Song Jeongeun , Noh Wonjung 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimsTo identify trends in global health competency improvement programs for nurses and to verify their effects.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.Data sourcesArticles published from 2000–2017 in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and ProQuest and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature database, Cochrane Library, Research Information Sharing Service, DataBase Periodical Information Academic, Korean Studies Information Service System, and National Assembly Library.Review methodsCochrane methods were used to conduct a systematic review, meta‐analysis, and sensitivity analysis.ResultsNineteen studies were reviewed. Among them, 12 studies were used for the meta‐analysis. The meta‐analysis indicated that global health competency improvement programs affected multicultural self‐efficacy and cultural competence.ConclusionThe findings can be used as the basis for global health competency improvement programs. More studies are needed to clarify their effectiveness.ImpactGlobal health competency improvement programs can be beneficial to improve cultural competence and multicultural self‐efficacy for nurses and nursing students.
The relative influence of intellectual disabilities and autism on sensory impairments and physical disability: A whole‐country cohort of 5.3 million children and adults
Authors: Kinnear Deborah , Rydzewska Ewelina , Dunn Kirsty , Hughes‐McCormack Laura , Melville Craig , Henderson Angela , Cooper Sally‐Ann 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntellectual disabilities and autism are lifelong and often co‐occur. Little is known on their extent of independent association with sensory impairments and physical disability.MethodsFor Scotland's population, logistic regressions investigated age–gender‐adjusted odds ratios (OR) of associations, independently, of intellectual disabilities and autism with sensory impairments and physical disability.Results1,548,819 children/youth, and 3,746,584 adults. In children/youth, the effect size of intellectual disabilities and autism, respectively, was as follows: blindness (OR = 30.12; OR = 2.63), deafness (OR = 13.98; OR = 2.31), and physical disability (OR = 43.72; OR = 5.62). For adults, the effect size of intellectual disabilities and autism, respectively, was as follows: blindness (OR = 16.89; OR = 3.29), deafness (OR = 7.47; OR = 2.36), and physical disability (OR = 6.04; OR = 3.16).ConclusionsIntellectual disabilities have greater association with the population burden of sensory impairments/physical disability, but autism is also associated regardless of overlap with intellectual disabilities. These may impact further on communication limitations due to autism and intellectual disabilities, increasing complexity of assessments/management of other health conditions. Clinicians need to be aware of these important issues.
Metastasis‐associated protein 1 promotes epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by up‐regulating Snail expression
Authors: Qian Weibin , Cai Xinrui , Qian Qiuhai , Zhang Wei , Tian Li 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and usually fatal lung disease that lacking effective interventions. It is well known that aberrant activation of transforming growth factor‐beta1 (TGF‐β1) frequently promotes epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in IPF. Metastasis‐associated gene 1 (MTA1) has identified as an oncogene in several human tumours, and aberrant MTA1 expression has been related to the EMT regulation. However, its expression and function in IPF remain largely unexplored. Using a combination of in vitro and in vivo studies, we found that MTA1 was significantly up‐regulated in bleomycin‐induced fibrosis rats and TGF‐β1‐treated alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial (RLE‐6TN) cells. Overexpression of MTA1 induced EMT of RLE‐6TN cells, as well as facilitates cell proliferation and migration. In contrast, knockdown of MTA1 reversed TGF‐β1‐induced EMT of RLE‐6TN cells. The pro‐fibrotic action of MTA1 was mediated by increasing Snail expression through up‐regulating Snail promoter activity. Moreover, inhibition of MTA1 effectively attenuated bleomycin‐induced fibrosis in rats. Additionally, we preliminarily found astragaloside IV (ASV), which was previously validated having inhibitory effects on TGF‐β1‐induced EMT, could inhibit MTA1 expression in TGF‐β1‐treated RLE‐6TN cells. These findings highlight the role of MTA1 in TGF‐β1‐mediated EMT that offer novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of IPF.
Southernmost distribution limit for endangered Peladillas (Aplochiton taeniatus) and non‐native coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) coexisting within the Cape Horn biosphere reserve, Chile
Authors: Maldonado‐Márquez Alan , Contador Tamara , Rendoll‐Cárcamo Javier , Moore Sabrina , Pérez‐Troncoso Carolina , Gomez‐Uchida Daniel , Harrod Chris 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve, one of the last wild areas of the planet, is not exempt from the pressures of global change, such as non‐native species introductions. During 2018 and 2019 we studied the Róbalo river basin in order to update the diversity and distribution of fishes. Here, we report for the first time the native and endangered “Peladillas” Aplochiton taeniatus and the non‐native coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch. The coexistence of native and non‐native fishes poses a challenge for the management and conservation of aquatic biota from the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve.
Promotion of esophageal adenocarcinoma metastasis via Wnt/ß‐catenin signal pathway by sorting nexins 3
Authors: Pan Biran , Liu Lei , Hu Xia , Sun Xiaobin , Zhu Yifang , Zhang Tongtong , Wei Danfeng , Guo Yuanbiao , Shan Jing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundEsophageal adenocarcinoma is often associated with late diagnoses, poor prognoses, significant morbidities, and high mortality rates. Aberrant expression of Wnt/β‐catenin signal pathways were observed in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Sorting nexins 3 has been shown to participate in Wnt protein sorting and regulate Wnt/β‐catenin signal transduction. Thus, we studied the role and molecular mechanism of sorting nexins 3 in esophageal adenocarcinoma.MethodsTissue microassay were used to analyze the expression of sorting nexins 3 in esophageal adenocarcinoma tissue and its relationship with survival rate. Using in vivo and in vitro models, we further investigated the effect of sorting nexins 3 on tumor growth and metastasis and underling mechanism.ResultsImmunohistochemical staining of human esophageal adenocarcinoma tissue microassay revealed an increased sorting nexins 3 level in esophageal adenocarcinoma tissue and high expression of sorting nexins 3 correlated with the poor prognosis. In vitro study showed that sorting nexins 3 knockdown suppressed esophageal adenocarcinoma cell invasion, metastasis, and epithelial‐mesenchymal translation (EMT) process, and this result was confirmed by in vivo tumor metastasis assays. Moreover, we further proved that sorting nexins 3 affected cell invasion and EMT through Wnt/β‐catenin signal pathway.ConclusionOur data provided strong evidence that sorting nexins 3 played a critical role in esophageal adenocarcinoma metastasis through Wnt/β‐catenin signal pathway.
Residential Setting and the Cumulative Financial Burden of Dementia in the 7 Years Before Death
Authors: Kelley Amy S. , McGarry Kathleen , Bollens‐Lund Evan , Rahman Omari‐Khalid , Husain Mohammed , Ferreira Katelyn B. , Skinner Jonathan S. 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVESCare for older adults with dementia during the final years of life is costly, and families shoulder much of this burden. We aimed to assess the financial burden of care for those with and without dementia, and to explore differences across residential settings.DESIGNUsing the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and linked claims, we examined total healthcare spending and proportion by payer—Medicare, Medicaid, out‐of‐pocket, and calculated costs of informal caregiving—over the last 7 years of life, comparing those with and without dementia and stratifying by residential setting.SETTINGThe HRS is a nationally representative longitudinal study of older adults in the United States.PARTICIPANTSWe sampled HRS decedents from 2004 to 2015. To ensure complete data, we limited the sample to those 72 years or older at death who had continuous fee‐for‐service Medicare Parts A and B coverage during the 7‐year period (n = 2909).MEASUREMENTSWe compared decedents with dementia at last HRS assessment with those without dementia across annual and cumulative 7‐year spending measures, and personal characteristics. We present annual and cumulative spending by payer, and the changing proportion of spending by payer over time, comparing those with and without dementia and stratifying results by residential setting.RESULTSWe found that, consistent with prior studies, people with dementia experience significantly higher costs, with a disproportionate share falling on patients and families. This pattern is most striking among community residents with dementia, whose families shoulder 64% of total expenditures (including $176,180 informal caregiving costs and $55,550 out‐of‐pocket costs), compared with 43% for people with dementia residing in nursing homes ($60,320 informal caregiving costs and $105,590 out‐of‐pocket costs).CONCLUSIONThese findings demonstrate disparities in financial burden shouldered by families of those with dementia, particularly among those residing in the community. They highlight the importance of considering the residential setting in research, programs, and policies. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1319–1324, 2020.
Top 10 candidate aortic disease trials
Authors: Dalman R. L. , Wanhainen A. , Mani K. , Modarai B. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAortic pathologies such as aneurysm, dissection and trauma are relatively common and potentially fatal diseases. Over the past two decades, we have experienced unprecedented technical and medical developments in the field. Despite this, there is a great need, and great opportunities, to further explore the area. In this review, we have identified important areas that need to be further studied and selected priority aortic disease trials. There is a pressing need to update the AAA natural history and the role for endovascular AAA repair as well as to define biomarkers and genetic risk factors as well as influence of gender for development and progression of aortic disease. A key limitation of contemporary treatment strategies of AAA is the lack of therapy directed at small AAA, to prevent AAA expansion and need for surgical repair, as well as to reduce the risk for aortic rupture. Currently, the most promising potential drug candidate to slow AAA growth is metformin, and RCTs to verify or reject this hypothesis are warranted. In addition, the role of endovascular treatment for ascending pathologies and for uncomplicated type B aortic dissection needs to be clarified.