bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Students’ awareness of LGBT resources in Dutch dental schools
Authors: Ploumen Roan , Livas Christos 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this survey‐based study was to investigate dental students’ perceptions regarding the available services and facilities for LGBT persons in Dutch dental school administrations.MethodsA 19‐item questionnaire, originally developed in English, was implemented for the study purposes. Translation into Dutch as well as cross‐cultural and conceptual adaptation were performed according to well‐established guidelines. A link to the survey was sent via e‐mail to all registered undergraduate students at the Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), and the dental schools of the University of Groningen (RUG) and the Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen (RUMC).ResultsOf the 1,789 students initially invited to participate, 294 completed the online survey. Response rates among dental schools ranged between 7.60% and 20.24%. As a whole, the students of the participating dental schools were not cognizant of existing resources for LGBT students. There were significant differences in students’ perceptions across schools, with RUG students being significantly less aware of LGBT resources compared to ACTA and RUMC (P < 0.05). Students’ perceptions were not significantly influenced by school, sexual preference, and year of study (P > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the responses of LGBT and non‐LGBT students (P > 0.05).ConclusionsUndergraduate students were generally not aware of LGBT resources in Dutch dental schools. This lack of knowledge calls for attention by dental school administrators, program directors, and faculty to foster a visible, comprehensive, culturally competent environment in dental education settings in The Netherlands.
Training and experience effect on light‐curing efficiency by dental practitioners
Authors: Suliman Abdulhaq Abdulmajeed , Abdo, Ahmad Ali , Elmasmari Hussein Abdulsalam 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundLight‐curing is a crucial step during the application of composite resin restorations. Composite's success depends on delivering enough light energy to the resin to achieve adequate polymerization. However, dentists are not recognizing the importance of proper light‐curing technique.ObjectivesTo measure light energy delivered to simulated restorations by preclinical dental students and dentists in internship year. To evaluate the effect of experience and training on the clinician's ability to light‐cure composite restorations.MethodsA group of 50 preclinical dental students and a group of 50 internship dentists light‐cured for 10 seconds, a simulated class III and class I restorations positioned in a patient simulator (MARC‐Patient Simulator [BlueLight Analytics Inc., Canada]) that measured the irradiance and energy delivered by the curing light. Then participants received individualized training on optimizing their light‐curing technique. They were retested after the training. Statistical analysis was done with two‐way ANOVA and Tukey's test.ResultsParticipants delivered an average of 60% more energy after the instructions, which is a significant improvement (P < 0.05). The number of participants that failed to deliver the minimum amount of energy (6 J/cm²) decreased significantly from 37.5% to 2.5%. There was a significant difference in the amount of energy delivered by the Preclinical and Internship groups (P < 0.05).ConclusionInitially, many participants were not using the curing light properly. Light‐curing technique improved with training and using a patient simulator. Experience can enhance the operator's ability to light‐cure composite restorations. However, a training session can improve light‐curing performance more than years of experience.
The multiple mini‐interview and dental hygiene admissions: A feasible option?
Authors: Nenad Monica Williamson 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurposeAs healthcare becomes more client‐centered, certain provider “soft skills” have become more desirable. Although these skills may be valued by the health professions, admission processes often do not account for them. This study evaluated the performance of applicants to 3 dental hygiene programs in a multiple mini‐interview designed to assess characteristics deemed desirable by the programs and profession.MethodsTrained evaluators assessed the performance of participants as they rotated through 8 unique stations designed to highlight specific traits. Participants were scored on a 1–7 Likert scale, and a mean average was calculated based on performance at all stations. Participants and evaluators also completed a survey to determine opinions regarding the multiple mini‐interview (MMI) activity and its potential as an admissions tool. Two‐tailed Fisher's exact test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to assess the relationship between station types, and ANOVA and post hoc tests to analyze the performance of program groups among stations. Qualitative data were analyzed for trends and themes.ResultsMean scores ranged from 2.5 to 6.25, with a mean average of 4.90. Both participants and evaluators expressed a high degree of satisfaction with the activity overall and believed it was an effective tool for assessment of nonacademic traits.ConclusionAn MMI is a feasible option for assessment of nonacademic traits of candidates for admission to dental hygiene programs. Programs that consider both academic and nonacademic performances of applicants may admit individuals who are not only uniquely qualified to be healthcare providers, but might otherwise not have gained admission.
Practice management curricular changes may lead to enhanced preparedness for practice
Authors: Roberts Bradley S. , Roberts Eugenia P. , Brachvogel William , Stein Amy Buros 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurposeThe 2018 American Dental Education Association Survey of Dental School Seniors showed that 62.5% of graduates felt prepared in practice administration compared to 49.5% in 2013. The aim of this study was to survey and Internet search U.S. Dental Schools’ Practice Management curriculum (PMC) to assess if and what changes, made in the past 5 years, may account for the continued increase in dental graduates’ perception of preparedness for practiceMethodsAn electronic survey was emailed to 64 dental schools querying factors for changes in PMC, updates in instructors, instructional methods, technology, topics, hours, and content enhancements. In addition, if a dual degree in business administration was developed or planned in the future.ResultsTwenty‐three schools responded for a 36.0% response rate. All participants (100.0%) indicated PMC changes, 73.9% responded that changes were motivated by student interest, and 60.9% planned future PMC improvements. All respondents (100.0%) updated subject matter and 52.2% had added technology, including Web‐based business model and simulation courses. Two schools added dual degree MBA programs in 2017 due to student interest in entrepreneurship and administrative goals.ConclusionThe study showed that upgrades in topics and teaching methods with Web‐based technology, dual degrees, and additional focus on PMC hours, sequence, and number of practice administration courses in D1 and D2 years may be contributory factors for the development of enhanced skills and enhanced attitudes of graduates for practice readiness. Future study is needed to assess if these PMC improvements and advanced business courses have been successful in practicing dentists’ careers.
Assessing the effectiveness of an online dental pharmacology course
Authors: Morales‐Pérez Miguel A. , Muñoz‐Gómez Alba R. , Argumedo Gabriela , Gómez‐Clavel José F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesUndergraduate dentistry students in their final year often lack the knowledge and confidence required to prescribe oral health medications. Online courses could help to solve this problem through augmenting traditional teaching methods. This study assessed the effectiveness of a non‐curricular, online, clinical case‐based dental pharmacology course designed to improve medication management in senior dentistry students.Materials and methodsThis study developed and implemented an online dental pharmacotherapy course for 287 dentistry students in Mexico. Pre‐ and post‐course tests evaluated knowledge acquisition, and a 5‐point Likert scale questionnaire was administered to 238 participants to evaluate the course's content and educational strategies.ResultsMean knowledge scores significantly increased from pre‐ (5.5 ± 1.6) to post‐test (9.1 ± 1.3, P < 0.001). Participants reported a high satisfaction level (70.2%) with the course content and materials, educational techniques, and instructors.ConclusionThese findings support the use of online, clinically based dental pharmacotherapy courses, in conjunction with traditional teaching methods, as a viable strategy for effectively educating dentistry students.
Relationship between emotional intelligence, stress, and burnout among dental hygiene students
Authors: Partido Brian B. , Owen Johanna 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveEmotional intelligence (EI) is the recognition and management of emotions within oneself and others. Limited evidence exists that determine whether EI is related to stress and burnout.PurposeThe purpose of this project was to determine whether relationships exist between EI, stress, and burnout levels among undergraduate dental hygiene students.MethodsThis study used a quantitative cross‐sectional research design. The study instrument consisted of 3 parts: (1) The Emotional Quotient Self‐Assessment Checklist consisted of 30‐questions in 6 domains and measured EI; (2) The Modified Dental Environment Stress Questionnaire consisted of 39 questions in 5 domains and measured stress; and (3) The Maslach Burnout Inventory‐Health Services Survey consisted of 22 questions in 3 domains and measured burnout.ResultsThe responses from 57 participants were used (response rate = 93.3%). A moderate negative correlation was found between self‐control and personal stress and a moderate negative correlation was found between empathy and emotional evaluation. Moderate positive correlations were found between self‐awareness, empathy, motivation, self‐competence, self‐confidence, and total EI scores and personal accomplishment. Multiple linear regression analysis found self‐control was a significant predictor of personal stress (R2 = .023, P = .023); empathy and self‐competence were significant predictors of clinical stress (R2 = .085, P = .034); empathy and self‐awareness were significant predictors of emotional exhaustion (R2 = .071, P = 0.006); and empathy was a predictor of personal accomplishment (R2 = .150, P = 0.002).ConclusionSubcomponents of EI were found to be significant predictors of stress and burnout levels. Future research is needed to improve EI levels to tolerate stress and minimize burnout levels.
Dental anxiety in adult patients treated by dental students: A systematic review
Authors: Goh Elizabeth Z. , Beech Nicholas , Johnson Nigel R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurpose/objectivesDental anxiety is common and can propagate a vicious cycle of dental neglect and anxiety‐provoking treatment. Patient, procedural, and operator factors are important contributions. This review aims to explore risk factors for dental anxiety in adult patients treated by dental students, in order to improve awareness of relevant factors and aid patient management.MethodsSystematic searching of PubMed and Scopus databases was performed. Inclusion criteria were: studies assessing at least 1 risk factor for dental anxiety in patients aged 18 years and above treated by dental students, with use of a specific measurement scale for dental anxiety. Exclusion criteria were: duplicates, non‐English publications, non‐full‐text publications, studies with a pediatric sample.ResultsNine hundred thirty‐one articles were identified. Eight eligible articles representing 1702 patients were included. Seven studies had a cross‐sectional design and 1 study had a pretreatment/posttreatment design. Sixteen factors for dental anxiety were assessed. A significant correlation (P < 0.05) was found for: age (younger), gender (female), general/waiting room anxiety, irregular dental attendance, invasive treatment, poor emotional well‐being, postponement of dental visit due to anxiety, previous negative dental experience and village residence. No significant correlation was found for: education, employment, income, perceived oral health, presence of a previous dental visit, symptom duration and time since last dental visit.ConclusionsThese findings provide a good foundation for future research, but clinical generalization is limited by the heterogeneity among included studies. A well‐structured comparison of risk factors for dental anxiety between patients treated by dental students and dentists is required.
Impact of simulated patients on students’ self‐assessment of competency in practice of geriatric dentistry
Authors: Patel Shalizeh A. , Halpin Richard M. , Keosayian Diana L. , Streckfus Charles F. , Barros Juliana A. , Franklin Deborah R. , Quock Ryan L. , Jeter Cameron B. , Franklin Amy 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurposeThe evaluation of the effectiveness of simulation training in dentistry has previously been focused primarily on psychomotor hand skills. This study explored the impact of simulated patient (SP) encounters in simulation on students’ self‐assessment of competency in their clinical and communication abilities with geriatric patients.MethodsStudents from 2 cohorts were recruited for this study. Cohort 1 (n = 30) participated in the standard curriculum with no simulation training and served as the control group. Cohort 2 (n = 34) participated in a SP experience, simulating the initial stages of a care visit for 2 nursing home patients. Students’ perceptions of competency to perform these clinical and communication tasks were assessed. A group debriefing session was held 5 weeks post‐simulation where Cohort 2 completed a student feedback form.ResultsA statistically significant change (P < 0.00001) was noted for both cohorts in their self‐reported competence to perform clinical tasks following exposure to an independent clinical experience. In addition to this gain, individuals in Cohort 2 demonstrated improvements following simulation and expressed different responses of impact to questions related to treatment, pharmacology, and managing a complex medical history.ConclusionsThis study suggests that simulation of patient interactions using SPs can strengthen students’ self‐assessment of competency in their abilities, leading to more genuine interactions with actual patients. These findings will help inform the design of future SP encounters as a component of an evolving humanistic curriculum.
The stress of success: An online module to help first‐year dental students cope with the Impostor Phenomenon
Authors: Metz Cynthia J. , Ballard Erin , Metz Michael J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractContextProfessors often spend a great deal of time counseling poorly performing students, which limits the time dedicated to high achievers. This may be problematic, as psychiatrists have determined that gifted students may be susceptible to feelings of inadequacy despite positive external evidence. Dr. Pauline Clance coined the term “Impostor Phenomenon” (IP) to describe these traits.ObjectiveDental students, while academically successful, may be prone to IP and lack appropriate coping strategies. The goal of this project was to create and publish an online module to educate dental students about IP and provide 6 coping mechanisms.DesignAfter viewing the video at the beginning of the semester, students completed the Clance IP Scale to determine the prevalence of IP thoughts. This was repeated at the end of the semester to determine the impact of the online training module.ResultsThere was a decrease in postsemester scores from 63.44 (±14.92) to 59.12 (±14.56), n = 103, 86% response rate, dependent samples within subjects t‐test, P < 0.001). The percentage of students reporting intense impostor experiences decreased from 13.6% to 4.9%. Females exhibited significantly higher scores than males, but there was no statistically significant impact of age or race on results. The most common reported coping strategies were a reduction in time spent on nonessential tasks and the use of scheduling to prevent procrastination.ConclusionThese results suggest that an online training module can improve awareness of the Impostor Phenomenon and help high‐achieving students to cope with their stress and feelings of inadequacy.
Oral health care in the 21st century: It is time for the integration of dental and medical education
Authors: Donoff R. Bruce , Daley George Q. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMajor issues exist in the provision of oral health care in America, especially to underserved populations. Access to care, health disparities, an aging population with higher chronic disease burden, and rising healthcare costs continue to impact health outcomes for millions. The marginalization of oral health care, like that of behavioral health care, is a contributor. This perspective presents an idea whose time has come: putting the mouth back in the body. Several national reports stress the imperative to better integrate the practice of medicine and dentistry, including the first‐ever Surgeon General's Report on Oral Health in 2000. A plan to lead a multifaceted integration of oral health into overall health is proposed. Leaders will come from new educational and practice models stressing teamwork, interprofessional education, innovative residency training programs and even dual degree options.
Relationship between medical students’ career priority and specialty choice: A nationwide multicenter survey
Authors: Ie Kenya , Murata Akiko , Tahara Masao , Komiyama Manabu , Ichikawa Shuhei , Takemura Yousuke C. , Onishi Hirotaka 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe shortage of physicians in several specialties has been brought to public attention in several countries. However, little is known about factors affecting medical students’ specialty choice. The objectives of our study were to illustrate medical students’ career priority clusters and to assess their association with specialty preference.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide multicenter survey in 2015 at 17 medical schools. The study participants were asked their top three specialty preferences, demographic characteristics, and 14 career priority questions. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to determine the effect of each variable on student career choice.ResultsA total of 1264 responses were included in the analyses. The top five specialty choices were internal medicine: 833, general practice: 408, pediatrics: 372, surgery: 344, and emergency medicine: 244. An exploratory factor analysis mapped the 14 career priorities into 3‐factor solution: “primary care orientation,” “advanced and specific care,” and “personal life orientation.” Multilevel logistic regression models yielded satisfactory accuracy with the highest ROC curve (AUROC) noted in surgery (0.818), general practice (0.769), and emergency medicine (0.744). The career priorities under “primary care orientation” had positive association with choosing general practice, emergency medicine, internal medicine, and pediatrics. The “advanced and specific care” career priorities facilitated surgery and emergency medicine choice, while reducing the likelihood of choosing less procedure‐oriented specialties, such as internal medicine, general practice, and pediatrics.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated medical students’ career priorities and their association with specialty preference. Individualized career support may be beneficial for both medical students and each specialty fields.
Detection of microstructural white matter alterations in functional gastrointestinal disorders assessed by diffusion kurtosis imaging
Authors: Chiba Toshimi , Ito Kenji , Mori Futoshi , Sasaki Makoto , Matsumoto Takayuki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground and AimWe evaluated whether diffusion kurtosis and tensor imaging (DKI/DTI) could reveal microstructural alterations in the brains of patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), and whether imaging findings were correlated with health‐related quality of life (HRQOL).MethodsTwelve patients with FGIDs fulfilling the Rome IV criteria, and seven healthy controls were examined using a 3 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. Tract‐based spatial statistics and regions of interest analyses were performed to compare the mean kurtosis (MK), fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD) between patients with FGIDs versus controls. HRQOL was assessed in patients with FGIDs using the eight‐item short form of the Medical Outcome Study Questionnaire (SF‐8) and the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale.ResultsPatients with FGIDs had extensive, widespread regions of reduced MD in the white matter in comparison with healthy controls, whereas no significant differences were observed in MK and FA. No significant differences in deep gray matter for the MK, FA, and MD values were observed between patients with FGIDs and controls. In patients with FGIDs, the FA values in the globus pallidus had a significant and negative correlation with SF‐8 (a mental component summary) (r = −0.797, P = 0.01 uncorrected for multiple comparisons).ConclusionsDKI/DTI can help identify microstructural white matter alterations in patients with FGIDs. The FA values in the globus pallidus may be useful for a severity assessment of FGIDs.
Evaluation of the plasma level of long non‐coding RNA PCAT1 in prostatic hyperplasia and newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients
Authors: Rezatabar Setareh , Moudi Emadoddin , Sadeghi Farzin , Khafri Soraya , Kopi Tayebeh Azramezani , Parsian Hadi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is generally detected by prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) as one of the most widely applied tumor markers over decades for its high sensitivity. Nevertheless, it causes overtreatment or an unnecessary biopsy because of its limited specificity. PCa‐associated ncRNA transcript 1 (PCAT1), the newly identified long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) has been reported to associate with the progress of PCa. In vitro studies proposed that PCAT‐1 may be an appealing candidate for diagnostic accuracy improvement with regard to its notable overexpression in PCa cells. The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of the plasma PCAT1 expression levels in PCa patients in comparison to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients and healthy controls.MethodsThe plasma lncRNA PCAT1 level was measured by a real‐time quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction in 40 men newly diagnosed with PCa, 20 patients with BPH and 20 healthy subjects. The results were analyzed statistically using SPSS, version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).ResultsThe expression of PCAT1 was significantly higher in healthy subjects compared to BPH patients (p = 0.03). The diagnostic accuracy of the plasma lncRNA PCAT‐1 for discrimination of the healthy subjects than BPH patients was reasonable (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.799; sensitivity = 71%; specificity = 74%; negative predictive value = 74%; positive predictive value = 71%).ConclusionsIt appears that the plasma levels of PCAT1 expression have reasonable diagnostic accuracy for the discrimination of healthy individuals compared to those with BPH, although no significant difference of PCAT1 expression levels was observed in comparisons between the PCa with BPH and normal groups.