bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PIG‐A gene mutation as a genotoxicity biomarker in human population studies: An investigation in lead‐exposed workers
Authors: Cao Yiyi , Wang Tuanwei , Xi Jing , Zhang Guanghui , Wang Tongshuai , Liu Weiying , You Xinyue , Zhang XinYu , Xia Zhaolin , Luan Yang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe rodent Pig‐a gene mutation assay has demonstrated remarkable sensitivity in identifying in vivo mutagens, while much less is known about the value of the human PIG‐A assay for risk assessment. To obtain more evidence of its potential as a predictive biomarker for carcinogen exposure, we investigated PIG‐A mutant frequencies (MFs), along with performing the Comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test, in 267 workers occupationally exposed to lead. Multivariate Poisson regression showed that total red blood cell PIG‐A MFs were significantly higher in lead‐exposed workers (10.90 ± 10.7 × 10−6) than in a general population that we studied previously (5.25 ± 3.6 × 10−6) (p < .0001). In contrast, there was no increase in lymphocyte MN frequency or in DNA damage as measured by percentage comet tail intensity in whole blood cells. Current year worker blood lead levels (BLL), an exposure biomarker, were elevated (232.6 ± 104.6 μg/L, median: 225.4 μg/L); a cumulative blood lead index (CBLI) also was calculated based on a combination of current and historical worker BLL data. Chi‐square testing indicated that PIG‐A MFs were significantly related to CBLI (p = .0249), but independent of current year BLL (p = .4276). However, % comet tail intensity and MN frequencies were better associated with current year BLL than CBLI. This study indicates that the PIG‐A assay could serve as biomarker to detect the genotoxic effects of lead exposure and demonstrates that a battery of genotoxicity biomarkers having mechanistic complementarity may be useful for comprehensively monitoring human carcinogenic risk.
A multi‐timescale adaptive dual particle filter for state of charge estimation of lithium‐ion batteries considering temperature effect
Authors: Xu Wei , Xu Jinli , Liu Baolei , Liu Jiajun , Yan Xiaofeng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAccurate estimation of state of charge (SOC) of lithium‐ion battery is one of the most crucial issues of battery management system. Temperature has a strong impact on the SOC estimation and the parameters of battery model, such as capacity and open circuit voltage. To improve the accuracy and robustness of battery state estimation, this paper tries to make the following three contributions: (a) A second‐order RC battery model is established considering the recovery capacity finding from experimental data for achieving accurate battery dynamic behavior simulation against the dynamic load conditions, especially the current and temperature are both time‐varying condition. (b) A multi‐timescale adaptive dual particle filter is proposed to identify the battery parameters and estimate the battery SOC with online measured data for satisfying the fast‐varying behavior of SOC and slow‐varying behavior of battery parameters. The battery parameters are identified with macrotimescale, while the battery state is estimated with microtimescale. (c) The proposed method is validated through a set of experiments, including the time‐varying temperature condition, which is overlooked by most previous literatures. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can achieve accurate and robust SOC estimation on a wide range of temperatures.
InFish: A Professional Network to Promote Global Conservation and Responsible Use of Inland Fish
Authors: Lynch Abigail J , Bartley Devin M , Beard Thomas Douglas , Bunnell David B , Cooke Steven J , Cowx Ian G , Funge-Smith Simon , Paukert Craig P , Rogers Mark W , Taylor William W 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Inland fishes and fisheries make substantial contributions to individuals, society, and the environment in a changing global landscape that includes climate, water allocations, and societal changes. However, current limitations to valuing the services provided by inland fish and their fisheries often leaves them out of key decision-making discussions. InFish is a voluntary professional network with over 120 members from over 50 organizations in over 20 countries that seeks to address challenges facing inland fish through novel approaches and international collaborations. InFish fosters opportunities to share knowledge, pursue proposals, publications, and conference-related events focused on inland fisheries. InFish has become a source of inland fisheries expertise, working collectively towards global conservation and sustainable use of inland fish through informing scientifically sound management practices. As such, InFish may serve as a model network for other natural resource challenges now and into the future.
A simple and nondestructive approach for the analysis of soluble solid content in citrus by using portable visible to near‐infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Li Pao , Li Shangke , Du Guorong , Jiang Liwen , Liu Xia , Ding Shenghua , Shan Yang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA simple and nondestructive method for the analysis of soluble solid content in citrus was established using portable visible to near‐infrared spectroscopy (Vis/NIRS) in reflectance mode in combination with appropriate chemometric methods. The spectra were obtained directly by the portable Vis/NIRS without destroying samples. Outlier detection was performed by using leave‐one‐out cross‐validation (LOOCV) with the 3σ criterion, and the calibration models were established by partial least squares (PLS) algorithm. Besides, different data pretreatment methods were used to eliminate noise and background interference before calibration, to determine the one that will lead to better model accuracy. However, the correlation coefficients are all <0.62 and the results of all pretreatments are still unsatisfactory. Variable selection methods were discussed for improving the accuracy, and variable adaptive boosting partial least squares (VABPLS) method was used to get higher robustness models. The results show that standard normal variate (SNV) transformation is the best pretreatment method, while VABPLS can significantly simplify the calculation and improve the result even without pretreatment. The correlation coefficient of the best prediction models is 0.82, while the value is 0.48 for the raw data. The high performance shows the feasibility of portable Vis/NIRS technology combination with appropriate chemometric methods for the determination of citrus soluble solid content.
Why physicians are lousy gatekeepers: Sicklisting decisions when patients have private information on symptoms
Authors: Carlsen Benedicte , Lind Jo Thori , Nyborg Karine 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn social insurance systems that grant workers paid sick leave, physicians act as gatekeepers, supposedly granting sickness certificates to the sick and not to shirkers. Previous research has emphasized the physician's superior ability to judge patients' need of treatment and potential collusion with the patient vis‐á‐vis an insurer. What is less well understood is the role of patients' private information. We explore the case where patients have private information about the presence of nonverifiable symptoms. Anyone can then claim to experience such symptoms, reducing physicians' ability to distinguish between sick patients and shirkers. Doubting a patients' reported symptoms may prevent good medical treatment of the truly sick. We show that for all parameter values, the Bayesian Nash equilibrium is that some physicians trust all claims of nonverifiable symptoms, sicklisting shirkers as well as sick; for many values, every physician is trusting. In particular, if physician strategies are observable by patients, extremely strong gatekeeping preferences are required to make physicians mistrust. To limit unwarranted sicklisting, policies reducing the benefits of shirking for healthy workers may be better suited than attempts to convince physicians to be strict.
Functional Consequences of Metabolic Zonation in Murine Livers: Insights for an Old Story
Authors: Berndt Nikolaus , Kolbe Erik , Gajowski Robert , Eckstein Johannes , Ott Fritzi , Meierhofer David , Holzhütter Hermann‐Georg , Matz‐Soja Madlen 
Published: April 2020

Background and Aims
Zone‐dependent differences in expression of metabolic enzymes along the portocentral axis of the acinus are a long‐known feature of liver metabolism. A prominent example is the preferential localization of the enzyme, glutamine synthetase, in pericentral hepatocytes, where it converts potentially toxic ammonia to the valuable amino acid, glutamine. However, with the exception of a few key regulatory enzymes, a comprehensive and quantitative assessment of zonal differences in the abundance of metabolic enzymes and, much more important, an estimation of the associated functional differences between portal and central hepatocytes is missing thus far.

Approach and Results
We addressed this problem by establishing a method for the separation of periportal and pericentral hepatocytes that yields sufficiently pure fractions of both cell populations. Quantitative shotgun proteomics identified hundreds of differentially expressed enzymes in the two cell populations. We used zone‐specific proteomics data for scaling of the maximal activities to generate portal and central instantiations of a comprehensive kinetic model of central hepatic metabolism (Hepatokin1).

Conclusions
The model simulations revealed significant portal‐to‐central differences in almost all metabolic pathways involving carbohydrates, fatty acids, amino acids, and detoxification.
Body size and composition, physical activity and sedentary time in relation to endogenous hormones in premenopausal and postmenopausal women: Findings from the UK Biobank
Authors: Tin Tin Sandar , Reeves Gillian K. , Key Timothy J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAnthropometric and lifestyle factors may influence cancer risks through hormonal changes. We investigated cross‐sectional associations between body size and composition, physical activity and sedentary time and serum concentrations of oestradiol (premenopausal women only), testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) in 20 758 premenopausal and 71 101 postmenopausal women in UK Biobank. In premenopausal women, higher BMI (body mass index) was associated with a lower concentration of total oestradiol (15% difference in the highest vs lowest BMI group) and a higher concentration of calculated free oestradiol (22%). In both premenopausal and postmenopausal women, higher BMI was associated with higher concentrations of total and calculated free testosterone (premenopausal 29% and 113%, postmenopausal 39% and 126%, respectively) and lower concentrations of SHBG and IGF‐I (premenopausal 51% and 14%, postmenopausal 51% and 12%, respectively). Similar associations were observed with waist to height ratio, waist to hip ratio and body or trunk fat mass. Self‐reported physical activity was associated with somewhat lower concentrations of total and calculated free testosterone (premenopausal 10% difference [free testosterone], postmenopausal 5% and 11% difference respectively in the most vs least active group) and a higher concentration of SHBG (premenopausal 11%, postmenopausal 10%), and the opposite was true for self‐reported sedentary time. The associations were slightly stronger with accelerometer‐measured physical activity, but were attenuated after adjustment for BMI. Overall, our study confirms strong associations of hormones and SHBG with anthropometric factors. The associations with physical activity and sedentary time were at most modest.
Risk of melanoma following keratinocyte malignancies
Authors: Robinson Sarah N. , Zens Michael S. , Rees Judy R. , Barton Dorothea T. , Karagas Margaret R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPatients diagnosed with keratinocyte cancer experience heightened risk for melanoma, yet patients who go on to develop this malignancy have not been well‐characterized. We followed a population‐based cohort of 2243 participants with histologically confirmed KC identified from dermatology and pathology practices who did not have a history of internal malignancy (1363 BCC, 880 SCC). A total of 77 participants went on to develop melanoma. Individual‐level data were collected via personal interviews including demographic information and skin cancer risk factors, as well as KC tumor characteristics such as anatomic site and histologic subtype. Using adjusted Cox proportionate hazards models, older patients (age 61 or older vs 60 or younger) were at twofold increased risk for developing melanoma following KC (age 61‐65 HR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.3‐4.6) (age > 65 HR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.2‐3.4) and women were at reduced risk compared to men (HR = 0.5; 95% CI = 0.3‐0.8). Among patients with BCC, those with tumors on the trunk/limbs compared to the head/neck were at greater risk for subsequent melanoma (HR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.3‐5.7). Subsequent risk of melanoma also related to established risk factors including blond/red vs dark hair (HR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.1‐3.4), tendency to burn rather than tan (HR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.0‐2.7), ≥1 nevi on their back compared to no nevi (HR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.2‐3.8) and a history of ≥1 painful childhood sunburns vs none (HR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.2‐3.6). Thus, in addition to pigmentary traits, ultraviolet radiation (UVR)‐related factors and clinical features of KC such as anatomic site may be useful in identifying patients at increased risk for melanoma after KC.
Parents, friends and immigrant youths' academic engagement: A mediation analysis
Authors: Smith Naila A. , Brown Joshua L. , Tran Tran , Suárez‐Orozco Carola 
Published: April 2020

Parents and friends can help facilitate the academic engagement of newcomer immigrant youth during the early post‐migration years. Using an accelerated longitudinal design and the integrative risk and resilience framework, we examined how parent home involvement and friendships were directly and indirectly associated with the development of newcomer immigrant youths' academic engagement. We used data from three waves (Years 3–5) of the Longitudinal Immigrant Student Adaptation study where a culturally diverse group of immigrant youth (N = 354, ages 10–17, MtimeinUS = 3.98 years, SD = 1.39) in the United States reported on their perceptions of parent home involvement (educational values and communication) and friendship (educational values and academic support) in Year 3 and on their academic engagement (behavioural and emotional) across 3 years. Findings showed high‐stable behavioural and emotional engagement and direct positive associations between perceptions of parent home involvement and initial levels of behavioural and emotional engagement and between perceptions of friend educational values and initial levels of emotional engagement. Additionally, perceptions of parents' educational values indirectly contributed to initial levels of emotional engagement through positive associations with perceptions of friends' educational values. These findings can inform family–school partnerships and school‐interventions targeting newcomer immigrant youths' engagement.
Current status and recent trend of irrigation water use in China*
Authors: Han Songjun , Tian Fuqiang , Gao Long 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTChina's irrigation water use witnessed a continuously increasing trend from 1949 to 1990, while it has begun to show a decreasing one with fluctuations since then. During 2003–2013, the amount of agricultural water use, of which over 95% is for irrigation, increased to a peak value of 392 × 109 m3. In 2017, it decreased to 377 × 109 m3 and accounted for 62.3% of total water use for the whole of China. It can be concluded that irrigation water use has reached its limit in China. In the northern part of China, the water scarcity situation sets a cap on irrigation water use, which will have further competition from environmental water use. In the southern part of China, the limited amount of irrigable land sets a cap on irrigation water use, which will have further competition from urbanization. Water‐saving policies and high‐efficiency irrigation technologies have been adopted by the Chinese government as the national strategy for sustainable irrigation water use. The challenges of irrigation development faced by China are increasing water productivity to reduce water consumption in north‐west China, reducing groundwater exploitation to restore aquifers in north China, increasing food production to ensure national food security in north‐east China, and promoting water conservation to control pollution in the southern part of China. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inhibition of voltage‐dependent K+ channels by iloperidone in coronary arterial smooth muscle cells
Authors: An Jin Ryeol , Seo Mi Seon , Jung Hee Seok , Kang Minji , Heo Ryeon , Bae Young Min , Han Eun‐Taek , Yang Se‐Ran , Park Won Sun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIloperidone, a second‐generation atypical antipsychotic drug, is widely used in the treatment of schizophrenia. However, the side‐effects of iloperidone on vascular K+ channels remain to be determined. Therefore, we explored the effect of iloperidone on voltage‐dependent K+ (Kv) channels in rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells using the whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique. Iloperidone inhibited vascular Kv channels in a concentration‐dependent manner with a half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 2.11 ± 0.5 μM and a Hill coefficient of 0.68 ± 0.03. Iloperidone had no effect on the steady‐state inactivation kinetics. However, it shifted the steady‐state activation curve to the right, indicating that iloperidone inhibited Kv channels by influencing the voltage sensors. Application of 20 repetitive depolarizing pulses (1 and 2 Hz) progressively increased the inhibition of the Kv current in the presence of iloperidone. Furthermore, iloperidone increased the recovery time constant from Kv channel inactivation, suggesting that iloperidone‐induced inhibition of Kv channels is use (state)‐dependent. Pretreatment with a Kv1.5 inhibitor (diphenyl phosphine oxide 1 [DPO‐1]) inhibited the Kv current to a level similar to that with iloperidone alone. However, pretreatment with a Kv2.1 or Kv7.X inhibitor (guangxitoxin or linopirdine) did not affect the inhibitory effect of iloperidone on Kv channels. Therefore, iloperidone directly inhibits Kv channels in a concentration‐ and use (state)‐dependent manner independently of its antagonism of serotonin and dopamine receptors. Furthermore, the primary target of iloperidone is the Kv1.5 subtype.
Absorption and emission properties of 5‐phenyl tris(8‐hydroxyquinolinato) M(III) complexes (M = Al, Ga, In) and correlations with molecular electrostatic potential
Authors: Anjali Bai A. , Suresh Cherumuttathu H. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSubstituent effect for a series of 5‐phenyl tris(8‐hydroxyquinolinato) M(III) complexes (Mq3) of aluminum, gallium, and indium are investigated using density functional theory (DFT) for the ground state properties and the time‐dependent version of DFT (TDDFT) for their absorption and emission properties. A comparison between the ground state energy of mer and fac isomers of all the complexes revealed that the mer configuration is always more stable than fac. The substituent effect is significantly reflected at the fluorescence maximum (λF) values whereas the effect is moderate at the absorption maximum (λabs) values. The molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) at the metal center (VM) and the most electron rich region indicated by MESP minimum (Vmin), located at the oxygen of phenoxide ring exhibit excellent correlations with the λF and Stokes shift (λF−λabs) values. The study suggests the use of Stokes shift as an experimental quantity to measure the excited state substituent effect while the Vmin or VM emerge as theoretical quantities to measure the same.
A respondent‐driven method for mapping small agricultural plots using tablets and high resolution imagery
Authors: Masuda Yuta J. , Fisher Jonathan R.B. , Zhang Wei , Castilla Carolina , Boucher Timothy M. , Blundo‐Canto Genowefa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAgricultural statistics on small farms are critical for informing sustainable development policies, but often suffer from selection bias and are time consuming and costly to collect. Less burdensome and reliable methods are needed. We report on a scalable method using a respondent's knowledge about their land, high resolution imagery, and tablet devices to draw spatially explicit plot boundaries. We find the method may work best with respondents that own their plots are farmers, and for smaller plots (<1 hectare). We also find incongruence between survey questions and spatially‐derived data, indicating the importance of incorporating spatial data to verify responses about plot characteristics. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A newborn screening approach to diagnose 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA lyase deficiency
Authors: Václavík Jan , Mádrová Lucie , Kouřil Štěpán , de Sousa Julie , Brumarová Radana , Janečková Hana , Jáčová Jaroslava , Friedecký David , Knapková Mária , Kluijtmans Leo A. J. , Grünert Sarah C. , Vaz Frédéric M. , Janzen Nils , Wanders Ronald J. A. , Wevers Ron A. , Adam Tomáš 
Published: April 2020

Abstract3‐Hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐coenzyme A lyase deficiency (HMGCLD) is a rare autosomal recessively inherited metabolic disorder. Patients suffer from avoidable neurologically devastating metabolic decompensations and thus would benefit from newborn screening (NBS). The diagnosis is currently made by measuring dry blood spot acylcarnitines (C5OH and C6DC) followed by urinary organic acid profiling for the differential diagnosis from several other disorders. Using untargeted metabolomics (reversed‐phase UHPLC coupled to an Orbitrap Elite hybrid mass spectrometer) of plasma samples from 5 HMGCLD patients and 19 age‐matched controls, we found 3‐methylglutaconic acid and 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaric acid, together with 3‐hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine as the most discriminating metabolites between the groups. In order to evaluate the NBS potential of these metabolites we quantified the most discriminating metabolites from untargeted metabolomics in 23 blood spots from 4 HMGCLD patients and 55 controls by UHPLC tandem mass spectrometry. The results provide a tool for expanded NBS of HMGCLD using tandem mass spectrometry. Selected reaction monitoring transition 262/85 could be used in a first‐tier NBS analysis to screen for elevated 3‐hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine. In a positive case, a second‐tier analysis of 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaric acid and 3‐methylglutaconic acid in a dry blood spot using UHPLC tandem mass spectrometry instruments confirms the diagnosis. In conclusion, we describe the identification of new diagnostic biomarkers for HMGCLD and their application in NBS in dry blood spots. By using second‐tier testing, all patients with HMGCLD were unequivocally and correctly diagnosed.
NADPH oxidases in bone and cartilage homeostasis and disease: A promising therapeutic target
Authors: Wegner Adam M. , Haudenschild Dominik R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by the NADPH oxidase (Nox) enzymes are important short‐range signaling molecules. They have been extensively studied in the physiology and pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system, where they have important roles in vascular inflammation, angiogenesis, hypertension, cardiac injury, stroke, and aging. Increasing evidence demonstrates that ROS and Nox enzymes also affect bone homeostasis and osteoporosis, and more recent studies implicate ROS and Nox enzymes in both inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis. Mechanistically, this connection may be through the effects of ROS on signal transduction. ROS affect both transforming growth factor‐β/Smad signaling, interleukin‐1β/nuclear factor‐kappa B signaling, and the resulting changes in matrix metalloproteinase expression. The purpose of this review is to describe the role of Nox enzymes in the physiology and pathobiology of bone and joints and to highlight the potential of therapeutically targeting the Nox enzymes.