bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retraction: Functional Substitution of an Indirect Pathway for tRNA Glutaminylation with a Direct Pathway by T. thermophiles GlnRS (IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.
276 012012)
Authors: Tarigan I L , Wang C C 
Published: February 2020

This paper was retracted at the authors request on 6 February 2020. The author admits they have used data and materials in this paper without authorisation, reference or acknowledgement. IOP Publishing has followed the COPE guidelines in investigating and publishing this retraction.
Retraction published: 6 February 2020
Integration of the Lineament Study in the Karaha-Bodas Geothermal Field, West Java
Authors: Danakusumah Grandy , Suryantini  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Karaha-Bodas geothermal field is classified as a hydrothermal volcanic system. This field is characterized by the emergence of manifestations in the form of hot springs, solfatara, steamy soil, and mud pools. The manifestations are spread in the northern part of Karaha and south of Telaga Bodas. Based on the characteristics of the manifestations that appear in Karaha and Telaga Bodas, there are allegations that the Karaha Bodas geothermal system is divided into two systems. The distribution of the Karaha Bodas geothermal system can be estimated through geological studies. In this case, the method used is the integration of the lineament study. A lineament study was carried out applying hillshade from four angles, namely 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°. The results of the lineament will be mapped into structural lineament density anomalies or Fault Fracture Density (FFD). FFD analysis is then integrated with volcano stratigraphy, gravity anomalies, and MT resistivity. Based on the results of the integration, the Karaha-Bodas geothermal system is estimated to be two systems that are different from the high lineament structure density zone in Karaha.
Revealing Geothermal Potential Areas with Remote Sensing Analysis for Surface Temperature and Lineament Density: Case Study in South Bajawa, NTT, Indonesia
Authors: Mardiati Dani , Setianto Agung , Harijoko Agung 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The research area is located in the Southern part of Bajawa, Ngada District, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This area has a geothermal potential and unique geological setting where many cinder cones are extending along NNW-SSE. A geothermal area usually indicated by surface manifestations that reach to the surface through geological structures. The initial stage to find out the existence of a geological structure that represented by surface lineament, and surface manifestations can be identified using satellite imagery to facilitate the exploration process in the field. The relationship between them is important to find out the potential geothermal area. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the relationship between geological lineament density and geothermal manifestations at the southern part of Bajawa based on the integration of ASTER imagery, DEM and Satellite Gravity anomalies. ASTER that consist of Visible-Near Infrared (VNIR), Shortwave Infrared (SWIR), Emissivity, and Surface Kinetic Temperature are used to identify surface geothermal manifestations. DEM imagery is used for lineament density analysis. While the satellite gravity anomalies are used to support the interpretation of geological structure in the study area. Field checking is conducted to ensure the results of images interpretation. The result of imagery analysis shows that geothermal manifestations are distributed at Nage and Mataloko areas indicated by surface kinetic temperature anomalies that reached 37.75°C and 37.85°C degrees, and rock alteration includes silicate clay minerals and quartz. High-density anomalies (>3km/km2) of geological lineament also located at Nage and Mataloko areas. Also, the analysis of Second Vertical Derivative (SVD) from satellite gravity anomalies shows that low gravity anomalies range from 0 to 0,5 mGal are found in Nage and Mataloko areas indicate the existence of geological structure in this area. The field check shows the same result where there is surface manifestation such as hot springs, fumarole, boiling mud pools, sulfur deposits, and altered rock are found at Mataloko and Nage area. The results of the interpretation of lineament density and the distribution of surface manifestations at the study area concluded that the relationship between the two is linear.
Field Verifications of Geological Structures Related to SAR Detected Lineaments
Authors: Army Edo K , Saepuloh Asep 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Identifying geological structures is a crucial step in geological field mapping. One common technique to interpret geological structures is using lineament analyses on the satellite imagery. The usual encounters is many lineaments do not concordance to the geological structures. Overcoming the problem, we used dual orbit Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images to obtain lineaments related to geological structures at ground level. In this paper, we presented the sensitivity of the lineaments detection method visually and automatically using Yamaguchi and modified Segment Tracing Algorithm (mSTA) methods, respectively. The Yamaguchi method is a visual lineament detection using an optimum image-scale and resolution. The method was used to detect lineaments based on visual limitation of the interpreter. On the contrary, the mSTA method is an automatic lineament detection utilizing SAR backscattering intensity images in opposite Line of Sight (LOS). Accordingly, we compared the effectiveness between the visual and automatic detection methods in detecting the faults and joints correctly at ground surface. The verification of detected lineaments at the field was then performed and analyzed to obtain comparison of the effectiveness between two lineaments detection methods. The direction of joints at EKA-01 were oblique 45 degrees to Yamaguchi method, and 25 degrees to mSTA method. Besides, the direction of faults and joints at EKA-10 were oblique 5 degrees to Yamaguchi method, and 2 degrees to mSTA method. mSTA method has smaller offset angle to field measurements than Yamaguchi method, indicating that the automatic is more effective and representative to detect lineaments related to geological structures than visual method.
Application of Numerical Simulation to Update Conceptual Model and Resource Assessment of Songa-Wayaua Geothermal Field
Authors: Hasbi Hikmatyar Ghassan Fariz , Hamdani Muhamad Ridwan , Prasetyo Agung Budi Tri , Agung Reynaldi Khrisna W , Lampuasa Muhammad Jiehan , Sutopo  , Pratama Heru Berian , Prabata Todheus Welly 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A study of Songa-Wayaua geothermal field using TOUGH2 reservoir simulation was conducted. This study shows the workflow to update the Songa-Wayaua conceptual model based on geosciences data, and to assess its potential resource. Since this field still a green field, the model still has so many uncertainties because lack of the actual well data. The numerical simulation of Songa-Wayaua geothermal field has been developed and it showed a proper alignment with geosciences data but still requires validation from well data. This is the first numerical model of Songa-Wayaua geothermal field. The model provides additional insights which have been used to review and update the conceptual model. The conceptual model of Songa-Wayaua geothermal field has been successfully updated. The main updated points of the conceptual model were the location of the heat source to be beneath the Mt. Pele, adding the flow fluid pattern as outflow and upflow location, and adding iso-temperature distribution. By using the heat stored method with probabilistic approach (Monte Carlo Simulation), the resource calculation approximately 30 MWe.
Preliminary Study of Membrane Technology to Resolve Silica Scaling to Enhance Geothermal Binary Power Plant
Authors: Wardana Agung Reynaldi Khrisna , Nandaliarasyad Naufal , Maulana Dimas Taha 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Large amount of hot brines produced by liquid-dominated geothermal field should lead to utilization of binary power plant in order to increase the installed capacity. However, binary power plant system extract energy from the hot brine that could increased the possibility of silica scaling either at the surface or at the reservoir because of the temperature decrease. Methods such as acidizing, water jetting, or alkaline injection has been proven could solve or prevent the occurrence of silica scaling. Still, those methods have their own limitation to solve silica scaling problem, such as economical or technological issues. Therefore we assume that physical separation methods such as sedimentation and filtration should be done to decreased the silica scaling problems. Membrane technology seems could filled the spot, because by using membrane technology the silica content in thermal fluid could be separated completely and decreased silica scaling potential. At the end of the process, the concentration of silica could be decreased by large number. Although the silica scaling problem might not be solved completely, but the decreased potential of silica scaling still could be achieved and lead to increased installed capacity since silica scaling tend to limitate the production of thermal fluid.
Response Surface Method Using Box-Behnken Design for Probabilistic Resource Assessment: A Case Study in Atadei Geothermal Field, Indonesia
Authors: Supijo Marchel Christian , Pratama Heru Berian , Sutopo  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Resource assessment in geothermal green-fields will most likely encounter some difficulties due to the limited initial data and directly impact the accuracy of the estimated resources. Proper electricity potential based on resource assessment affects the development scenario in order to determine optimum capacity to be installed. Therefore, this paper applied the response surface method approach using three-level Box-Behnken Design (BBD) to the TOUGH2 numerical model of Atadei geothermal green-field to generate probabilistic resource assessment results. This study aimed to perform the Response Surface Method (RSM) using Box-Behnken design for probabilistic resource assessment in Atadei geothermal green-field. A Box-Behnken design was used to build 27 experiments and investigated four parameters (permeability, porosity, liquid saturation, and feed zone location) at three levels (minimum, most likely, and maximum). The results from multiple model runs were used to create a polynomial function (proxy equation) and then applied to Monte Carlo simulation to generate a probabilistic distribution of the potential power output. This method had been successfully estimated a more robust electricity potential covering the entire range of possible values of important reservoir parameters. The probabilistic electricity potential using Monte Carlo based on Response Surface Method for 30 years production for P10, P50, and P90 are 11.7 MW, 18.2 MW, and 25.6 MW respectively.
Real-time detection of hepatitis B surface antigen using a hybrid graphene-gold nanoparticle biosensor
Authors: Walters F , Rozhko S , Buckley D , Ahmadi E D , Ali M , Tehrani Z , Mitchell J , Burwell G , Liu Y , Kazakova O , Guy O J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A hybrid biosensor based on a graphene resistor functionalized with self-assembled Graphene-AuNPs (Gold Nanoparticles) is demonstrated for the real-time detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). The hybrid biosensor consists of a ssDNA sequence attached to a graphene resistor device via π–π stacking interactions in combination with a ssDNA functionalized AuNP. The ssDNA has complementary sequences which through hybridization, yield the graphene-AuNP hybrid biosensor. Real-time 2-point resistance measurements, performed using varying concentrations of HBsAg, show a linear dependence of resistance change against the logarithm of HBsAg concentration (log[HBsAg]). A limit of detection of 50 pg ml−1 was observed. Moreover, the hybrid biosensor platform has potential to be applied to any biomarker of interest.
3 UTI Diagnosis and Management in the Over 65s According to Public Health England Guidelines
Authors: Brice H G T , Doherty N , Biss C , Quigley T 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTI) becomes increasingly difficult with age. Dipsticks are unreliable and with the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria increasing to 17% in females over 75 even urine culture results can be unreliable. Public Health England (PHE) released new guidelines in November 2018 with criteria for diagnosing UTIs in the over 65s.

Methods
Identify patients over 65 who are diagnosed with a UTI in Solihull acute medical unit. Collect data on presenting symptoms, dipstick and culture results and antibiotic use. Aim to improve guideline adherence and decrease dipstick use through education of medical and nursing staff via presentations and posters.

Results
Prior to the educational intervention guideline adherence when diagnosing UTIs in over 65s was 55%. This rose to 82% following the educational intervention. Dipstick usage decreased from 49% to 28% following the intervention. Dipsticks were shown to be unreliable as 21.6% of dipstick positive urine samples sent for culture had a normal (0-80) white cell count in the laboratory, whilst 43.8% of dipstick negative urine samples sent for culture had a raised white cell count in the laboratory. On retrospective analysis 16.1% of patients treated for a UTI appeared to have had an asymptomatic bacteriuria. Co-amoxiclav was initially used for 51% of patients however there was resistance to Co-amoxiclav in 31% of samples where an organism was cultured.

Conclusions
The educational intervention was able to increase PHE guideline adherence for diagnosing UTIs in the over 65s. There was also a decrease in the use of dipsticks which were shown to be unreliable in this age group. Prescribers remained reliant on broad-spectrum antibiotics with Co-Amoxiclav being most commonly used. This is likely to be ineffective in a significant number of patients given the common resistance seen in urine culture sensitivities.
4 Effects on Hospital Admissions from the Completion of Good Quality Treatment Escalation Plans in Care Homes
Authors: Courtney E , Pollock L , Gagg C , Stevenson H , Male S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Topic
Some care home residents are admitted to hospital when they either do not wish for admission or will not benefit from admission. Meeting residents and their next of kin to explore the person’s goals and priorities can facilitate the completion of a good quality Treatment Escalation Plan (TEP).

Intervention
A pilot service was commenced in November 2018 to complete and review TEPs in the top ten admitting care homes to Musgrove Park Hospital. A small team of clinicians (1.5 full time equivalent) worked in the selected care homes completing and reviewing TEPs, with an aim to see 80% of residents. Clinicians met residents and their next of kin to discuss the person’s wishes. Completed TEPs were left in the care home, shared with GPs and uploaded to the IT system in the acute hospital. The number of Emergency Department (ED) attendances and inpatient admissions from care homes were recorded and compared to data from 2017/18.

Improvement
Over 5 months, 492 residents had TEPs reviewed or completed by the team; this was 76% of the total bed base of the selected care homes. Data were compared to the same period a year earlier. During the final two months of the pilot, attendances to ED from care homes with the intervention were reduced by 24%, whilst the control group saw an 8% decrease. In the same period, inpatient admissions from the intervention group were reduced by 35%, compared to an 11% decrease in the control care homes.

Discussion
Whilst there are too few data to provide conclusive evidence, early indications suggest that facilitating the discussion of good quality TEPs in care homes reduces attendances to ED and inpatient admissions. Further evaluation is required as the service continues. There were challenges to the implementation of the pilot; these included communication and engagement with GPs, in addition to access to GP IT systems.
7 Stop Falling Before it Starts: Increasing Access to Multifactorial Falls and Fracture Risk Assessment and Intervention for Older People At Risk of Falls or Early in Their Falls Career Via Proactive Case Finding
Authors: Turner J , Parry S W , Shaw F E 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Target population: patients from 6 (of 43) Newcastle upon Tyne General Practices, age 65 – 75, mild frailty on electronic frailty index, who had fallen or noticed a balance problem in the previous year.

Introduction
Usually multifactorial falls and fracture prevention services target frailer older people and intervention begins after a fall or fracture has occurred. There is limited provision of community-based strength and balance exercise.

Intervention
New service model ‘Stop Falling Before It Starts (SFBIS)’: proactive case finding by postal questionnaire; multifactorial falls and fracture risk assessment by specialist nurse; interventions recommended to General Practitioner (GP); community-based exercise offered to all, predominantly new 15 week ‘Steady On’ strength and balance classes suitable for fitter older people.

Methods
Data collection: patient characteristics, physical performance (Timed up and Go (TUG), 30 second sit to stand (STS)) before starting and on completion of Steady On classes, service process measures, patient and GP experience.

Results
157 patients assessed. 80 (51%) fallen in previous year. 9 (6%) history of syncope / pre-syncope. 18 (11%) orthostatic hypotension. 124 (79%) culprit medications. Recommendations: GP review of history 6 (4%) or medications 13 (8%); referral to secondary care falls service 1 (0.5%); optician assessment 58 (37%); DXA 13 (8%). 131 (83%) referred to Steady On; 119 (91%) attended first class, 61 (51%) completed classes. Mean initial TUG 11 seconds, mean improvement 3 seconds. Mean initial STS 11 repetitions, mean improvement 3 repetitions. Mean patient feedback score 14.6/15 (15 best). GP feedback positive.

Conclusions
SFBIS was effective in identifying the target population and engaging them in community-based strength and balance exercise classes. Meaningful improvements in physical performance were demonstrated. A smaller number of additional risk factors were identified. There was a high level of satisfaction from patients and GPs. Wider implementation would increase participation in evidence-based community exercise.
8 Improving Identification and Assessment of Urinary Incontinence in Older People
Authors: Memon G M Sanai , Imam A , Datta-Chaudhuri M , Robertson E , Frain C 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Urinary incontinence is very common in the older people and wrongly considered a normal part of aging. The prevalence of UI is 39.1% in people with frailty and 19.4% in those without (Veronese et al. European Geriatric Medicine, 2018, 9(5), 571–578). Despite the high prevalence of urinary incontinence, its detection and management remain suboptimal. A comprehensive multidisciplinary continence assessment is recommended to assess and manage urinary incontinence in older patients (NICE CG171).

Methods
Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA) cycle audit was conducted to identify the practices for identification and assessment of urinary incontinence on a care of elderly ward. Data was collected on a structured proforma containing six standards prospectively. Following the results of first cycle, a strategy was developed and implemented.

Results

Strategy
Cycle 1 (35 patients) results were disseminated to the Divisional Safety and Quality Committee, ward teams, educational sessions held for multidisciplinary teams, involved Trust's continence advisor, displayed multidisciplinary teams prompt sheets, trialled new nursing documentation booklet, discussed continence status at daily board round and conducted audit cycle 2 (28 patients) after 4 months.

Conclusions
PDSA cycle audit with involvement of multidisciplinary teams, presentation to the Divisional Quality and Safety Committee combined with regular educational sessions and prompt about continence status at the daily board round led to better detection and improved management of urinary incontinence. We recommend other clinical teams to follow our strategy to improve the urinary incontinence care in older people without any additional resource.
13 Amending Admission Protocol to Reduce Proton Pump Inhibitor-Induced Hyponatraemia on A Specialist Hip Fracture Unit
Authors: Darnell R , Clements B , Reeve E , Singh N 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Hyponatraemia is a common electrolyte disturbance amongst elderly patients. Defined as a sodium concentration below 135 mmol/L, the BNF cites hyponatraemia as a ‘rare’ side effect of Omeprazole, a common proton pump inhibitor (PPI). In elderly patients, hyponatraemia can have significant morbidity.
On our Hip Fracture Unit (HFU) at St Helier Hospital, all patients are commenced on Omeprazole on admission. We conducted a quality improvement project to reduce the incidence of PPI-induced hyponatraemia by altering standard protocol from Omeprazole to Ranitidine.

Methods
Phase 1: Retrospective analysis identifying incidence of PPI-induced hyponatraemia, defined as sodium concentration below 133mmol/L on two consecutive readings and resolving on switching to Ranitidine (Group A: n=86).
Phase 2: Identifying incidence of hyponatraemia following administration of Ranitidine from admission (Group B: n=62).
Exclusion criteria: Patients already on gastric protection or hyponatraemic on presentation. Chi squared analysis to establish statistical significance for risk of hyponatraemia associated with omeprazole.

Results
Total number of patients was 148. Age range 60-101 years (median 82 years). Incidence of PPI-induced hyponatraemia in Group A was 10.5% (9 cases). All resolved on switching to ranitidine.
Following change in admission protocol to Ranitidine (Group B), incidence of hyponatraemia was 1.6% (1 case). The chance of developing hyponatraemia with Omeprazole was significantly higher than with ranitidine (P=0.0454).

Conclusions
10.5% of admissions to the HFU experienced PPI-induced hyponatraemia. The European Medicines Agency defines side effects occurring at greater than 10% as very common. Whilst 45% of patients were on medication associated with hyponatraemia on admission, the absence of hyponatraemia at presentation and biochemical response when switching to ranitidine, demonstrates this is a significant side effect of PPIs. Given the increased morbidity associated with hyponatraemia, particularly in frail, elderly patients, amending protocol to ranitidine for gastric protection has the potential to reduce harm and improve patient outcomes.