bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid and accurate detection of three genes in SARS-CoV-2 using RT-LAMP method
Authors: Yang Weihua , Dang Xiaofei , Wang Qingxi , Xu Mingjie , Zhao Qianqian , Zhou Yunying , Zhao Huailong , Wang Li , Xu Yihui , Wang Jun , Han Shuyi , Wang Min , Li Huanjie , Pei Fenyan , Wang Yunshan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently emerged life-threatening disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. It has the characteristics of rapid transmission, difficult treatment, rapid deterioration, and high mortality rate. Reliable and rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is critical to treat patients and control transmission in time.
Methods

To detect SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid faster and more convenient, RT-LAMP method (reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification) was developed. ORF1ab gene, E gene and N gene were selected as the target genes, because ORF1ab gene is the most specific and N gene is the most sensitive, while E gene has both sensitivity and specificity. Over thirty primer sets for them were designed, then the primer sets with rapid response and high specificity were screened out and their loop primers were designed and selected in order to improve the reaction speed further. Using these primers, RNA reverse transcription and nucleic acid amplification were performed in one step at 63 ℃ isothermal conditions, and the results can be judged by naked eyes through color change within 30 minutes. Finally, the optimal primer set for each gene was verified with over 208 clinical samples.
Results

ORF1ab gene, E gene and N gene were detected simultaneously by this method. ORF1ab gene has high specificity and the same sensitivity as RT-PCR currently used in clinic. Although N gene is less specific than ORF1ab, it is 80 times more sensitive than ORF1ab. The sensitivity and specificity of E gene are between them. Simultaneous detection of these three genes can neither cause false positives nor miss samples with low virus concentration, ensuring the sensitivity and specificity of SARS-CoV-2 detection. BLAST comparing results showed the primers for the three genes were highly specific for SARS-CoV-2. And the sequencing results of RT-LAMP products showed that the amplified fragments were unique to SARS-CoV-2. The accuracy of RT-LAMP assay was 99% as detecting 208 clinical specimens.
Conclusions

The RT-LAMP assay reported here has the advantages of rapid amplification, simple operation, and easy detection, which is useful for the rapid and reliable clinical diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.
Impact on health awareness in adult childhood cancer survivors after perceiving their digital treatment summary and follow-up recommendations.
Authors: Linge Helena , Follin Cecilia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The survival rate after childhood cancer has improved and today more than 80% of patients with a paediatric malignancy will become 5-year survivors. Two thirds of CCS will experience one or several late complications due to cancer treatment, resulting in excess morbidity and mortality. These complications require regular follow-up care to preserve health, improve quality of life and increase empowerment. In addition, the survivors need education about their diagnosis, treatment history and follow-up plans, including access to their individual cancer treatment summary. This study aims to illuminate childhood cancer survivors’ health awareness after perceiving their personalized digital treatment summary and follow-up recommendations. Methods: To assess the medical background, health related survivorship experiences, and e health literacy, 16 survivors from southern Sweden with varied childhood cancer diagnoses responded to a survey before and after perceiving their digital treatment summary. Their overall experiences were assessed using focus group interviews. The transcribed data was analyzed with conventional qualitative content analysis. Results: The results of the survey show that the self-reported medical problems as well as the perceived survivorship experiences largely reflected what is known about childhood cancer survivors in general. Of the considered medical specialists, the primary care physician was the most frequently visited specialist (68.8%). The E health literacy correlated with level of education, but not length of survival and was not linked to CNS radiotherapy. The survivors graded the treatment summary valuable, agreeable and comprehensive. The focus group interviews identified three themes: 1) The significance of information, 2) The impact of awareness; and 3) Empowerment. Conclusions: In conclusion, childhood cancer survivors with a broad representation of primary diagnoses, were impacted by perceiving their digital treatment history and follow up recommendations. High E health literacy was not associated with treatment features but with educational level and sex. Perceiving the treatment summaries furthered the survivors understanding of their health situation and consequently aided empowerment. Digital treatment summaries delivered by knowledgeable health care professionals could aid continuous health surveillance and promote the patient-health care-shared responsibility of medical follow up after childhood cancer.
The Low Fresh Gas Flow Anesthesia and Hypothermia in Neonates Undergoing Digestive Surgeries: A Retrospective Before-After Study
Authors: Cui Yu , Wang Yu , Cao Rong , Li Gen , Deng Lingmei , Li Jia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Based on the previous investigation in our institution, the incidence of intraoperative hypothermia in neonates was high. Since September 1st, 2019, the recommendation had been launched to utilize ≤ 1 L/min fresh gas flow during the neonates’ surgical procedure. We therefore intended to evaluate the association between low fresh gas flow anesthesia and the occurrence of hypothermia in neonates undergoing digestive surgeries.Methods A retrospective chart review, before-after study was conducted for neonates who underwent digestive surgeries. The primary outcomes were the incidence of hypothermia. The secondary outcomes included hospital mortality, the value of lowest temperature, blood loss, mean body temperature during the surgery, the length of hypothermia during the surgery and postoperative hospital length-of- stay (PLOS).Results 249 neonates fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The overall incidence of intraoperative hypothermia was 81.9%. The low fresh gas flow anesthesia significantly reduced the odds of hypothermia [routine group: 149 (87.6%) versus low group: 55 (69.6); p ༜ 0.01]. Moreover, the low fresh gas flow anesthesia could reduce the length of hypothermia [routine group: 104 (50, 156) versus low group: 30 (0,100); p ༜ 0.01], as well as elevate the value of lowest temperature for neonates [routine group: 35.1 (34.5, 35.7) versus low group: 35.7(35.3, 36); p ༜ 0.01]. After adjustment for confounding, low fresh gas flow anesthesia and the length of surgical time were independently associated with intraoperative hypothermia.Conclusions Low fresh gas flow anesthesia is an effective way to alleviate hypothermia in neonates undergoing open digestive surgery.
High Burden of Self-Reported Sexually Transmitted Infections among Key Populations in Mozambique: The Urgent Need for an Integrated STI Surveillance System
Authors: Boothe Makini A.S. , Comé Charlotte , Baltazar Cynthia Semá , Chicuecue Noela , Seleme Jessica , Langa Denise Chitsondzo , Sathane Isabel , Raymond Henry Fisher , Fazito Erika , Temmerman Marleen , Luchters Stanley 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Key populations - men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSW) and people who inject drugs (PWID) – are at high risk for STI infection given their sexual risk behaviours along with social, legal and structural barriers to prevention, care and treatment services. The purpose of this secondary analysis is to assess the prevalence of self-reported STIs among participations of the first Biological Behavioural Surveillance (BBS) in Mozambique and to describe associated risk factors.Methods: Responses from the first BBS surveys conducted in 2011-2014 were aggregated across survey-cities to produce pooled estimates for each population. Aggregate RDS-weighted estimates were computed to analyse self-reported STI prevalence. Unweighted pooled estimates were used in multivariable logistic regression to identify associated risk factors. Results: The prevalence of self-reported STI was 11.9% (95% CI: 7.8-16.0), 33.6% (95% CI: 29.0-41.3), and 22.0% (95% CI: 17.0-27.0) among MSM, FSW and PWID, respectively. MSM who were circumcised, had HIV, reported drug use, reported receptive anal sex, and non-condom use with their last male partner had greater odds of STI self-report. STI-self report among FSW was associated with living in Beira, being married, employment aside from sex work, physical violence, sexual violence, drug use, access to comprehensive HIV prevention services, non-condom use with last client, and sexual relationship with a non-client romantic partner. Among PWID, risk factors for self-reported STI infection included living in Nampula, access to HIV prevention services, and sex work.Conclusion: The high-burden of STIs among survey participants requires integrated HIV and STI prevention, treatment, and harm reduction services that address overlapping risk behaviours, especially injection drug use and sex work. A robust public health response requires the creation of a national STI surveillance system for better screening and diagnostic procedures within these vulnerable populations.
HIV-1 Infection Among Women in Israel, 2010-2018
Authors: Wagner Tali , Olshtain-Pops Karen , Wax Marina , Horwitz Olivia , Shirazi Rachel , Gozlan Yael , Volnowitz Hadar , Mendelson Ella , Levy Itzchak , Mor Orna 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Women comprise 33% of the HIV-1-carriers in Israel. However, women were not previously considered as a risk group needing special attention. Immigration waves from countries in Africa and in East Europe may have changed the local landscape of women diagnosed with HIV-1. Here we aimed to assess viral and demographic characteristics of women identified in Israel between 2010 and 2018. Methods: All > 16 years, HIV-1-infected women, diagnosed in Israel in 2010–2018, (n = 763) were included. Demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. Viral subtypes and transmitted drug resistance mutations (TDRM) from 337 (44.2%), randomly selected, treatment-naive women, were analyzed using chi-square, logistic and segmented regression tests. Results: Median age at diagnosis was 38 years. Most (73.3%) were immigrants from former Soviet Union (FSU) (41.2%, 314) or sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) (32.2%, 246) and carried subtype A (79.7%) or C (90.3%), respectively. Only 11.4% (87) were Israeli-born women. Over the years, the prevalence of women from SSA decreased while that of women from FSU increased significantly (p < 0.001). Overall median CD4 counts was 263 cells/mm3, higher (391 cells/mm3) in Israeli born women. 10.4% had TDRM; 1.8%, 3% and 7.1% had protease inhibitors (PI), nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) TDRM, respectively. Prevalence of women with NNRTI TDRM significantly increased from 4.9% in 2010–2012 to 13.3% in 2016–2018. Israeli-born women had the highest prevalence (16.3%) of NNRTI TDRM (p = 0.014). The NRTI A62 (5.6%), NNRTI E138 and K103 (5.6% and 4.2%, respectively) were the most prominent mutated sites. Conclusions: Most HIV positive women diagnosed in Israel in 2010–2018 are immigrants. Prevalence of those from FSU increases in recent years. The high proportion of women diagnosed with resistance mutations, particularly, the yearly increase in the frequency of NNRTI mutations, support the national policy of resistance testing at baseline.
Emergency and Urgent Dental Visits Among Medicaid Enrollees from 2013 to 2017
Authors: Fiehn Rebekah , Okunev Ilya , Bayham Mary , Barefoot Steven , Tranby Eric P 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Efforts to combat the spread of COVID-19 have led to guidance to restrict dental practice to treating emergency and urgent dental visits and reduce or eliminate elective dental procedures. Better understanding of the frequency of dental emergencies and the procedures performed during those emergency visits can help providers, insurers, and policymakers understand workforce and care provision needs.Methods: Procedures performed at an emergency dental encounter and in the encounter following that encounter are assessed. Emergency dental encounters are those with a CDT code of D0140, D0160, or D0170. Data was analyzed from the IBM Watson Medicaid Marketscan data from 2013 to 2017, a nationally representative dental and medical claims database from 13 deidentified states.Result: Consistently over time, about 10% of all dental encounters are due to a dental emergency. 28% of emergency dental encounters had no other procedure performed during those encounters. When other procedures were performed during the encounter, the majority were diagnostic in nature, primarily radiographs. Among patients who returned to the dentists following an emergency visit, 43% returned for more definitive dental treatment, most within 30 days. Among patients who returned to the dentists following an emergency visit, 43% returned for more definitive dental treatment, with the majority returning within 30 days for that treatment.Conclusions: The majority of dental emergency encounters do not result in definitive treatment, rather patients often return to the dentist at a later date for that treatment. Where possible, dental providers could utilize teledental services to triage patients to appropriate care.
Impact of Patron Saint Festivities on Cholera in Three Communes in Haiti
Authors: Moise Kenny , Batumbo Doudou , Achille Mélody Aude , Bourdeau Bertiny , Rebaudet Stanislas , Lerebours Gérald , Henrys Jean Hugues , Raccurt Christian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction Religious pilgrimages are among the anthropogenic factors known to be associated with the transmission of diarrheal diseases, such as cholera. This ecological study aimed to describe the epidemiology of cholera in three communes in Haiti (Cabaret, Carrefour and Croix-des- Bouquets) in 2017 and assess the spatiotemporal influence of patron saint festivities on cholera incidence in communal sections.Materials/Methods An epidemiological curve was produced to illustrate the evolution of cholera at the communal level. Generalized linear models assuming a Poisson distribution were used to weight the annual cholera incidence of communal sections against variables such as the number of patronal festivities, population density and annual precipitation rates. The number of cases in the week of the festivity as well as one and two weeks later was weighted against patronal festivities and weekly precipitation rates.Results In total, 3 633 suspected cholera cases were continuously reported in three communes in Haiti (Cabaret, Carrefour, Croix-des-bouquets) during the 52-epidemiological week period in 2017. After controlling for rainfall and population density at the communal sections, the patronal festivities significantly reduced the annual incidence of cholera by 57.23%. The probability of occurrence of cholera cases one week after patronal festivities decreased by 25.41%.Conclusion This study showed a continuous presence of cholera in three communes in Haiti in 2017 and an association between the occurrence of patronal festivities in communal sections and a reduced probability of subsequent outbreaks. Although further assessments are necessary, these findings suggest an impactful prevention and response strategy around the festivities in 2017.
Structure and trends of international sport nutrition research between 2000-2018: bibliometric mapping of sport nutrition science
Authors: Kiss Anna , Temesi Ágoston , Tompa Orsolya , Lakner Zoltán , Soós Sándor 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background : The tool kits of bibliometrics and science mapping provide a standard methodology to map the knowledge base of specific fields of science. The aim of the present research is the analysis of the recent international trends of sport nutrition science, as well as the primary identification of the research topics and results of sport nutrition science via enhanced bibliometric methods for the 2000-2018 time period. Methods: Altogether, 3889 publications were included in this study. We identified the most relevant sport nutrition topics by running a community detection algorithm on the proximity network constructed via bibliographic coupling. The key issues and key concepts of sport nutrition topics as well as their relations were evaluated via network analysis. We also carried a chronological analysis of topics out, and a scientometric evaluative analysis was also created. Results: We identified the four main basic groups from which the 18 most characteristics topics were analyzed. The 18 topics are the following: Football and physiology; Carbohydrate metabolism; Muscle physiology: Alkalosis and Acidosis; Muscle power enhancement and dietary supplementation; Fluid balance and hydration; Dietary intake and nutrition knowledge; Assessment of Energy Intake of athletes; Bone health, Female Athlete Triad; Fluid intake strategy; Weight management; Nutritional Strategies and human skeletal muscle; Dietary nitrate supplementation; Oxidative stress and dietary supplement use; Dietary supplement use and doping; Oxidative stress, inflammation and dietary antioxidants; Training adaptation and nutritional strategies; Gut Microbiota; Celiac disease. Based on the size of the topic, research on sport nutrition science has put the biggest emphasis on the following three groups: Muscle power enhancement and dietary supplementation; Carbohydrate metabolism; and Oxidative stress and dietary supplement use. The greatest scientific impact can be ascribed to the following topics: Nutritional strategies and human skeletal muscle; Dietary nitrate supplementation; Weight management; and Gut microbiota. Conclusions: Scientific output on sport nutrition has continuously been rising between 2000-2018. The ratio of topics related to sport nutrition but first of all connected to basic research has decreased significantly within all publications. The results of this study confirm the role of science mapping in the identification of specific research topics and primary research directions in the field of sport nutrition science.
The mitochondrial K-ATP channel opener diazoxide upregulates STIM1 and Orai1 via ROS and the MAPK pathway in adult rat cardiomyocytes
Authors: Gavali Joice Thomas , Carrillo Elba Dolores , Garcia Maria Carmen , Sanchez Jorge Alberto 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Openers of mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-dependent potassium (mKATP) channels like diazoxide increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in cardiac cells and reduce Ca2+ elevations produced by ischemia-reperfusion protecting the heart from damage. In this study we tested the hypothesis that opening mKATP channels regulates expression of the major components of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) STIM1 and Orai1. Methods: Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot techniques were used to assess mRNA expression and protein abundance of STIM1 and Orai1. Confocal immunofluorescence imaging was used to visualize the distribution and localization of STIM1 and Orai1 and translocation of transcription factors NFkB and c-Fos into the nucleus.Results: Diazoxide increased expression of STIM1 and Orai1 at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively, in adult rat cardiomyocytes. Diazoxide also disrupted the striated distribution pattern of STIM1. These effects were prevented by the ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), the mKATP channel antagonist 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD), or the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX). Diazoxide also led to nuclear translocation of the transcription factors c-Fos and NFkB, which was also blocked by NAC or 5-HD. Finally, the MAPK pathway inhibitor UO126 attenuated diazoxide-induced upregulation of STIM1 and Orai1 expression Conclusions: Our results suggest that opening mitochondrial potassium ATP channels with diazoxide upregulates the expression of STIM1 and Orai1 by de novo synthesis by a mechanism that involves NFkB, c-Fos, and ROS via MAPK/ERK signaling.
How U.S. Public Universities Responded to the COVID-19 Pandemic in March 2020: Lessons Learned from the Variations in Timing of Key Decisions
Authors: Cevasco Kevin E. , North Hayley M. , Zeitoun Sheryne A. , Gregory Abigail F. , Wofford Rachel N. , Hassan Maha H. , Matulis Graham A. , Abdo Aya D. , Roess Amira A. , Farris David , Fricken Michael E von 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The timing of the pandemic response decision can affect the national mass migration of millions of students back to campus thus limiting community spread. During the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, universities across the United States were faced with making difficult decisions often without explicit or uniform guidance from state and national leadership. This study examines how and when public universities responded to the U.S. COVID-19 outbreak, regarding decisions to cancel international travel, switch to online learning, transition faculty and staff to remote work, limiting on-campus housing, and implementing campus closures. Data was collected on university timing and decision making for medium to large public universities with more than 5,000 enrolled students, representing 412 institutions, 7M people, and all 50 states and Puerto Rico, between February 27 and March 31st, 2020. Substantial heterogeneity in decision making and the timing of those decisions as they relate to key state, national, and global emergency announcements were observed. The WHO pandemic declaration coincided with announcements to move away from on-campus learning. Universities decisions were made largely at the university level and not coordinated by government agencies, leading to staggered announcements and major variations in university timelines between states and within states. The importance of synchronizing university decisions in a national emergency scenario cannot be understated. Dissonant university decisions and announcement dates may potentially lead to mixed messaging and a reduction of the effectiveness of early interventions. Clear guidance is needed moving forward regarding university operations for fall and summer.