bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of internal pressure effect, causing additional bending of the pipeline
Authors: BAKTIZIN Ramil , ZARIPOV Rail , KOROBKOV Gennadii , MASALIMOV Radik 
Published: July 2020

Article justifies accounting for internal pressure effect in the pipeline, causing additional bending of the pipeline. According to some scientists, there is an erroneously used concept of the equivalent longitudinal axial force (ELAF) Sx, which depends on working pressure, temperature stresses, and joint deformations of pipelines with various types of soils. However, authors of the article use ELAF Sx concept at construction of mathematical model of stress-strain state (SSS) for complex section of the trunk pipeline, and also reveal it when analyzing the results of calculating the durability and stability of the pipeline. Analysis of SSS for calculated section of the pipeline was carried out for two statements of the problem for different values of operation parameters. In the first statement, effect of internal pressure causing bending of the pipeline is taken into account, and in the second it is neglected. It is shown that due to effect of ELAF Sx at p0 = 9.0 MPa, Dt = 29 °C extreme value of bend increases by 54 %, extreme values of bending stresses from span bending moment increase by 74 %, and extreme value of bending stresses from support bending moment double with regard to corresponding SSS characteristics of the pipeline. In case of neglecting the internal pressure effect causing additional bending of the pipeline (second statement of the problem), error in calculating the extreme value of bend is 35 %, extreme value of bending stresses from span bending moments is 44 %, and extreme value of bending stresses from support bending moments is 95 %.
Development of mathematical models to control the technological properties of cement slurries
Authors: CHERNYSHOV Sergei , GALKIN Vladislav , ULYANOVA Zoya , Macdonald David 
Published: July 2020

Oil and gas producing enterprises are making increasingly high demands on well casing quality, including the actual process of injection and displacement of cement slurry, taking into account requirements for the annular cement level, eliminating possible hydraulic fracturing, with developing a hydraulic cementing program. It is necessary to prevent deep invasion of cement slurry filtrate into the formation to exclude bridging of productive layers. It is impossible to fulfill all these requirements at the same time without application of modifying additives; complex cement compositions are being developed and applied more often. Furthermore, need to adjust cement slurries recipes appears for almost every particular well.
In order to select and justify cement slurries recipes and their prompt adjustment, taking into account requirements of well construction project, as well as geological and technical conditions for cementing casing strings, mathematical models of the main technological properties of cement slurries for cementing production casing strings in the Perm Region were developed. Analysis of the effect of polycarboxylic plasticizer (Pl) and a filtration reducer (fluid loss additive) based on hydroxyethyl cellulose (FR) on plastic viscosity (V), spreadability (S) and filtration (F) of cement slurries is conducted. Development of mathematical models is performed according to more than 90 measurements.
Chemical heterogeneity as a factor of improving the strength of steels manufactured by selective laser melting technology
Authors: ALEKSEEV Vadim , BARAKHTIN Boris , ZHUKOV Anton 
Published: July 2020

The aim of this paper was to establish the causes of the heterogeneity of the chemical composition of the metal obtained by the LC technology. The powdered raw material was made from a monolithic alloy, which was fused by the SLM, the initial raw material was a laboratory melting metal of a low-carbon chromium-manganese-nickel composition based on iron.
To determine the distribution pattern of alloying chemical elements in the resulting powder, electron-microscopic images of thin sections were combined with X-ray analysis data on the cross-sections of the powder particles. As a result, it was found that transition (Mn, Ni) and heavy (Mo) metals are uniformly distributed over the powder particle cross-sections, and the mass fraction of silicon (Si) is uneven: in the center of the particles, it is several times larger in some cases. The revealed feature in the distribution of silicon is supposedly due to the formation of various forms of SiO4 upon the cooling of the formed particles.
The internal structure of the manufactured powder is represented by the martensitic structure of stack morphology. After laser fusion, etched thin sections revealed traces of segregation heterogeneity in the form of a grid with cells of ~ 200 μm.
Assessment of celiac artery compression using color-coded duplex sonography
Authors: Römer Claudia , Fischer Thomas , Haase Oliver , Möckel Martin , Hamm Bernd , Lerchbaumer Markus Herbert 
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is a rare condition due to compression of the celiac artery (CA) by an anatomically abnormal median arcuate ligament. With ultrasonography (US) as first-line diagnostic modality in patients with unclear abdominal pain, there is limited data on its diagnostic performance in MALS. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of CA peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the workup of patients with suspected MALS. METHODS: Patients with diagnosis of MALS between 2009 and 2019 were referred by Department of Visceral Surgery after clinical and gastroenterological workup. Diagnosis was confirmed by surgery or further cross-sectional imaging. B-mode US findings and PSV in the CA during various respiratory states were compared between patients with a final MALS diagnosis and patients not meeting the diagnostic criteria. RESULTS: Patients with proven MALS (n = 10) had higher median CA PSV during normal inspiratory breath-hold (239 [IQR, 159–327] vs. 138 [IQR, 116–152] cm/s; p < #x003C;< #x200A;0.001), and expiratory breath-hold (287 [IQR, 191–412] vs. 133 [IQR, 115–194] cm/s; p < #x003C;< #x200A;0.001) compared to patients without MALS (n = 26). CA PSV in both inspiratory breath-hold (AUC 0.88, 95% CI 0.77–1.00) and expiratory breath-hold (AUC 0.89, 95% CI 0.78–1.00) was of diagnostic value for confirming MALS. The best diagnostic performance (100% sensitivity, 80% specificity) was found for the combination of CA PSVexpiration + 2.4 · PSVinspiration > 550 cm/s . CONCLUSIONS: Since results on optimal cutoff values are inconsistent, a combination of CA PSVs during breathing maneuvers may help to diagnose or rule out MALS.
Changes in eye movement parameters in the presence of an artificial central scotoma
Authors: Léné Paul , Ouerfelli-Ethier Julie , Fournet Romain , Laurin Anne-Sophie , Gosselin Frédéric , Khan Aarlenne Zein 
Published: July 2020

Background: Central vision loss, such as in the case of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), has a a major negative impact on patients’ quality of life. However, some patients have shown spontaneous adaptive strategies development, mostly relying on their peripheral vision. Objective: This study assesses eye movement and eccentric visual function adaptive behaviors of a healthy population in the presence of simulated central vision loss. We wished to determine how central vision loss affects eye movements, specifically the foveal-target alignment. Methods: Fifteen healthy participants (7 females, M = 21.69, SD = 2.13) discriminated the orientation of a Gabor relative to the vertical located at 12 deg of eccentricity to the right of fixation, in the presence of a gaze-contingent artificial central scotoma either visible or invisible. The artificial central scotoma was 4° diameter in order to simulate an earlier stage of degenerative disease while still impairing foveal vision. The target’s orientation varied between 10° counter-clockwise and 10° clockwise. Each participant performed four blocks of 75 trials each per day over 10 days, the first day being a baseline without scotoma. Results: We found changes in the endpoints of the 1st saccade over the practice days. The most common pattern was a gradual upward shift. We also observed a significant increase in discrimination performance over the 9 days of practice. We did not find any difference linked to the scotoma types. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the presence of an artificial central scotoma combined with a challenging discrimination task induces both changes in saccade planning mechanisms, resulting in a new eccentric-target alignment, and improvements in eccentric visual functions. This demonstrates the potential of this research paradigm to understand and potentially improve visual function in patients with central vision loss.
METHOD OF NAHWU IN ARABIC LEARNING
Authors: Asy'ari M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Language is very important and the impression that Nahwu is a difficult science to learn, especially by Muslims. As one of the basic sciences in Arabic, Nahwu's science cannot be ignored because without Nahwu's knowledge, Arabic will become chaotic and the order of words and sentences will be disorganized. Therefore, in learning Arabic, it is important to know Nahwu's knowledge, even though this method of teaching science is quite widely practiced by nahwu teachers, but students continue to face difficulties in learning it. Therefore, it is necessary to use suitable teaching methods and appropriate steps and subject matter that must be prioritized to be taught to students, so as to facilitate them in learning Nahwu science.[1] Related to this, there are a number of issues that need to be discussed, namely: What is the importance of learning nahwu, especially by students who want to communicate in Arabic ?; What method should be used so that students can learn nahwu easily? Here are some important questions that will be discussed in this article.
Keywords: Nahwu, Learning, amd Arabic
COMMUNICATIVE SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AS AN EFFORT TO PREVENT RADICAL ISLAM IN STUDENTS
Authors: Umami Ida 
Published: July 2020

This paper discusses the prevention efforts of radical understanding among students through communicative social interactions. This study is a literature study with a psychological approach. Data Research Methods use Library research derived from the literature, research results and various scientific articles and books collected with documentation techniques. The collected data is then analyzed using the content analysis method. This method is operationalized by making inferences – the inferences that can be imitated and valid for data by observing the context. The results of this research are social interactions are indispensable in student life as individuals and community members so communicate and assist and cooperate in achieving common goals desired. Positive social interactions will be able to be a sense of religious understanding among closed and textual students, so they feel as a group that feels most understanding of God's teachings. Therefore, there needs to be a better knowledge and understanding of religion for students and strive to conduct harmonious and communicative social interaction so that students can avoid and be prevented from understanding religious-based radicals and become a person who has a high social concern.
Keywords: Communicative Social Interactions, Prevention, Radical Islam, Colleges
Investigation of the Performance of V-cut Turbines for Stirring Shear-thinning Fluids in a Cylindrical Vessel
Authors: Ameur Houari 
Published: July 2020

The impeller design is the most crucial parameter to enhance the performance of stirred tanks. The cut in the impeller blade is a new technique to save the energy of impellers in mixing vessels without increasing the mixing time or reducing the product quality. In this paper, the new technique of cut is applied for a disc turbine rotating in an unbaffled cylindrical tank. Effects of the V-cut shape are highlighted. Non-Newtonian shear-thinning fluids are considered for the three flow regimes (laminar, transient, and turbulent). Effects of the number of blades on the flow patterns, pumping rate (Nq) and power consumption (Np) are explored. From the obtained results, a recirculation loop of flow is observed at the tip of each blade for impellers with less than three blades. These recirculation loops disappear with the increased number of blades. Under laminar flow conditions, the obtained results also revealed a decrease in power consumption and an increase in the discharge flow rate with the rise of Reynolds number. However, almost any changes were observed for these parameters (Np and Nq) under turbulent flow conditions.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP (PLH) MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL KONTEKSTUAL BERBASIS PROYEK PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Fatihah Nurur Rosyidah  , Bambang Yulianto  , Emy Yunita Rahma Pratiwi  
Published: July 2020

Pembelajaran PLH yang terjadi di kelas didominasi dengan penggunaan model pembelajaran langsung sehingga berakibat pada menurunya hasil belajar siswa, menurunnya hasil belajar siswa dari segi kogntif dan afektif . Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana perencanaan pembelajaran, bagaimana mendeskripsikan aktivitas guru dan siswa selama pembelajaran serta mendeskripsikan hasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan model kontekstual berbasis proyek. Tekhnik pengumpulan data yang digunakan melalui wawancara, observasi, serta dokumentasi. Jenis pendekatan yang digunakan ialah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), tekhnik analisis yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif guna menjelaskan hasil dari penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian ini bisa dilihat pada tahap pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang dilakukan 2 siklus. Hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan, pada siklus I siswa mengalami peningkatan dengan nilai persentase 75,45% sedangkan pada siklus II siswa mengalami peningkatan dengan persentase 91,2%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan belajar terhadap diterapkannya model kontekstual berbasis proyek yang dilaksanakan di SD.
Kata kunci: Penerapan Model Kontekstual Berbasis Proyek, Hasil Belajar Proyek
Apresentação
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo , Salatini Rafael 
Published: July 2020

Apresentação dos Editores da Revista Brazilian Journal of International Relations, que pretende ser um espaço aberto, plural e transparente para a demonstração científica da dinâmica contemporânea das relações internacionais, e sobre esta primeira edição, a qual expressa exatamente esta perspectiva científica. Introduction of the BJIR's editors, that intends to be an open space, plural and transparent to the contemporary dynamics of scientific demonstration of the international relations, and about this first issue, that express exactly this scientific perspective.
Ensaio IV: Um Plano para uma Paz Universal e Perpétua / Essay IV – A Plan for an Universal and Perpetual Peace
Authors: Bentham Jeremy 
Published: July 2020

O artigo “Ensaio IV: Um plano para uma Paz Universal e Perpétua”, de Jeremy Bentham, é uma contribuição da BJIR aos leitores brasileiros. Ele é um texto clássico, pouco explorado na disciplina de Relações Internacionais no país e que, até então, não possuía tradução na língua portuguesa. No geral, o autor traça um plano para uma paz universal e perpétua e busca convencer a opinião pública global por meio da imprensa de que ele atenderá ao bem comum de todas as nações civilizadas. Para tanto, segundo Bentham, faz-se necessário que todas as nações assumam como seus três grandes objetivos: simplicidade de governo, parcimônia nacional e paz. The paper “Essay IV: A plan for a universal and perpetual peace”, by Jeremy Bentham, is a contribution from BJIR to the readers. This is a classic essay, little-known in international relations academy in the country and that, then, wasn't translated to portuguese. In general, the author creates a plan for universal and perpetual peace and seeks to convinve the global public opinion, using the press as means, that it would serve to common well of all civilized nations. To do so, according to Betham, it is necessary that all nations assume its three great goals: govern simplicity, national parsimony and peace.
Hobsbawm e a era Bush
Authors: Salatini Rafael 
Published: July 2020

Esta é uma resenha da obra de Eric J. Hobsbawm "Globalização, democracia e terrorismo" - Trad. J. Viegas. São Paulo: Cia. das Letras, 2007 [2010]. (182 p.). O tema do pequeno livro aqui em questão consiste no imperialismo norte-americano, que surge justamente naquela que chamou de era dos extremos, o século XX, comparado com o imperialismo britânico, pertencente ao século anterior, focalizando cinco temas: a guerra e a paz, o imperialismo, o nacionalismo, a democracia liberal e a violência política ou terrorismo. This is a review of the Eric Hobsbawm title “Globalization, democracy and terrorism” - Trans. J. Viegas. São Paulo: Cia. Das Letras, 2007 [2010]. The little book theme here appreciated consists in notrh-america imperialism, that surges rightly at that called the age of extremes, the XX century, compared to british imperialism, from the previous century, focusing in five themes: the war and the peace, the imperialism, the nationalism, the liberal democracy and political violence or terrorism.
Parlamento do Mercosul: Mudança ou Continuidade? / Mercosur Parliament: Change or Continuity?
Authors: Mariano Karina , Back Adalberto 
Published: July 2020

A trajetória da representação parlamentar no âmbito da integração no Cone Sul é o pano de fundo deste artigo que analisa algumas implicações da institucionalização do Parlamento do Mercosul (Parlasul). O pressuposto desta análise é que as fragilidades do Mercosul no tocante à sua consolidação e aprofundamento estariam relacionadas com as da ação parlamentar no âmbito da Comissão Parlamentar Conjunta e do próprio Parlasul. A hipótese deste trabalho é que a constituição do Parlamento do Mercosul contribuiria com o processo de integração somente na medida em que conseguisse de fato superar as limitações vivenciadas pela Comissão Parlamentar Conjunta. Portanto, a superação das deficiências da CPCM seria um passo importante na construção de uma instância representativa e democrática no âmbito da integração regional do Mercosul. The parliamentary representation in the Southern Cone integration is the main issue in this article, which analyzes some implications of the institutionalization of Mercosur Parliament (Parlasur). Consolidation and deepening of the integration process are related to the very weakness of congressional action under the Joint Parliamentary Committee and even the Parlasur. The hypothesis is that the creation of the Mercosur Parliament could contribute to the integration process only insofar as it could overcome the limitations experienced by the Joint Parliamentary Commission and go forward in building a democratic and representative body of regional integration.
Venezuela: democratização e transformações econômicas no governo Hugo Chávez / Venezuela: democratization and economic transformations in the Hugo Chavez government
Authors: Carmo Corival 
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é retratar as transformações políticas e econômicas na Venezuela, evidenciando que apesar da ausência de um projeto predefinido, as possibilidades das transformações em curso já estavam postas na Constituição de 1999. Neste sentido, a Constituição vai sendo apropriada de diferentes modos a partir das demandas sociais e das lutas políticas. O marco legal criado pela Constituição de 1999 dá espaço não apenas para a democratização da sociedade e do Estado, mas também para o processo de criação de um novo modelo de desenvolvimento.Se aponta também que construídos como respostas às lutas políticas e aos conflitos sociais, as instituições e o modelo de desenvolvimento ainda não estão definidos, mudam de acordo com a dinâmica dos conflitos sociais e políticos, e, portanto, não é viável fazer um balanço final do governo Chávez. Esta situação de indefinição provoca consequências sobre a própria capacidade do Estado de atuar e atender as demandas sociais. The objective of this article is to portray the political and economic transformations in Venezuela, evidencing that, in despite of an absence of a predefined project, the possibilities of the current transformations were already put in the 1999 Constitution. In this sense, the Constitution keeps being taken in different ways from the social demands and the political struggles. The legal mark created by the 1999 Constitution gives distance not only for society and State democratization, but also to the creation process of a new development model. It also points that build as answers to the political struggles and to the social conflicts, the institutions and the development model aren?t defined, they change according to the dynamics of those political and social conflicts and, therefore, it isn?t viable make a final balance of Chavez government. This undefined situation produces consequences upon the own State capacity of attend and act within social demands.
Conceptos, teorías y debates sobre la integración regional / Concepts, theories and debates on regional integration
Authors: Malamud Andrés 
Published: July 2020

A diferencia de los estudios sobre la integración europea, los trabajos sobre integración regional en América Latina suelen caracterizarse por la falta de rigor conceptual, poca profundidad teórica y escaso interés en la evidencia empírica. Esta presentación busca precisar el significado de conceptos clave como regionalismo, regionalización, cooperación e integración regional, sistematizar las teorías que pretenden dar cuenta de dichos fenómenos y ofrecer una base empírica para proceder a la clasificación, comparación y explicación de los casos latinoamericanos. Abstract: Unlike the studies on European integration, the work on regional integration in Latin America are characterized by a lack of conceptual rigor, little theoretical depth and low interest in empirical evidence. Thus, the present study attempts to clarify the meaning of key concepts such as regionalism, regionalization, cooperation and regional integration; systematize theories that purport to explain such phenomena, and provide an empirical basis to proceed with classification, comparison and explanation of the Latin American cases.