bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-Salmonella Potential of New Lactobacillus Strains with the Application in the Poultry Industry
Authors: KOWALSKA JUSTYNA D. , NOWAK ADRIANA , ŚLIŻEWSKA KATARZYNA , STAŃCZYK MAŁGORZATA , ŁUKASIAK MAGDALENA , DASTYCH JAROSŁAW 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Probiotics are considered an alternative to antibiotics in the prevention and treatment of Salmonella diseases in poultry. However, to use probiotics as proposed above, it is necessary to evaluate their properties in detail and to select the most effective bacterial strains in the application targeted. In this study, probiotic properties of new Lactobacillus sp. strains were investigated and their antimicrobial activity against 125 environmental strains of Salmonella sp. was determined using the agar slab method. Furthermore, their survival in the presence of bile salts and at low pH, antibiotics susceptibility, aggregation and coaggregation ability, adherence to polystyrene and Caco-2 cells, and cytotoxicity were investigated. Each strain tested showed antagonistic activity against at least 96% of the environmental Salmonella sp. strains and thus representing a highly epidemiologically differentiated collection of poultry isolates. In addition, the probiotic properties of new Lactobacillus strains are promising. Therefore, all strains examined showed a high potential for use in poultry against salmonellosis.
Sub-lethal Concentrations of Phytochemicals (Carvacrol and Oregano) Select for Reduced Susceptibility Mutants of Escherichia coli O23:H52
Authors: AL-MNASER AFNAN A. , WOODWARD MARTIN J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

In vitro studies aimed at studying the mechanism of action of carvacrol and oregano as natural anti-bacterial agents to control multiple antibiotic-resistant avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strain O23:H52 isolated from chicken were performed. Derivatives with increased minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) to the phytochemicals were selected after growing Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain O23:H52 at sub-lethal concentrations of carvacrol and oregano for a period of 60 days. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of two derivatives revealed a missense mutation in cadC and marR: the genes responsible for survival mechanisms and antibiotic resistance by efflux, respectively.
Bacterial Diversity in Roots, Stems, and Leaves of Chinese Medicinal Plant Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis
Authors: LIU TIAN-HAO , ZHOU YIN , TAO WEN-CONG , LIU YANG , ZHANG XIAO-MEI , TIAN SHOU-ZHENG 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The root of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, a famous and endangered traditional Chinese herb, has a significant medicinal value. The aim of this study was to analyze the composition and functional characteristics of bacterial endophytes in roots, stems, and leaves of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing and functional prediction of bacterial endophytes in roots, stems, and leaves of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were conducted. The Chao and Shannon indices of the bacteria in roots were significantly higher than those in stems and leaves. The dominant endophyte phyla were Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. The main genera detected in roots were unclassified Cyanobacteria, Rhizobium, Flavobacterium, and Sphingobium; the main genera in stems were norank_c__Cyanobacteria, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas; the main genera in leaves were norank_c__Cyanobacteria and Rhizobium. The microbiota in roots was particularly enriched in functional categories “extracellular structures” and “cytoskeleton” compared with stems and leaves (p < 0.05). Our study reveals the structural and functional characteristics of the endophytic bacteria in roots, stems, and leaves of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, which aids in the scientific understanding of this plant.
Oligotrophic Nitrification and Denitrification Bacterial Communities in a Constructed Sewage Treatment Ecosystem and Nitrogen Removal of Delftia tsuruhatensis NF4
Authors: YANG RUILAN , LI JING , WEI-XIE LUYAO , SHAO LIN 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Oligotrophic nitrifiers and denitrifiers play important roles in the removal of nitrogen from wastewater. Here, we studied the dominant bacterial populations of the sewage treatment ecosystem (STE) water from different processes and those of culture on oligotrophic heterotrophic nitrification (OHN) medium and oligotrophic aerobic denitrification (OAD) medium, using co-analysis of Illumina HiSeq DNA sequencing and traditional culture methods. The results showed that the STE water had no dominant population of oligotrophic nitrifiers or oligotrophic denitrifiers. However, after culturing on OHN medium and OAD medium, the core genera Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, and Acinetobacter that have the nitrogen removal capacity in oligotrophic environments, dominated in the bacterial community. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the bacterial community in the constructed rapid infiltration (CRI) effluent water of STE had high similarity with those of cultures on OHN medium and OAD medium, which prompt the special purification role of nitrogen in the CRI system. The sodium alginate immobilized OAD bacteria strain Delftia tsuruhatensis NF4 was isolated from the CRI system, with total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency of 43.3% in sterilized STE influent water, and 60.1% in OAD medium on day three. The immobilization significantly influenced the TN and nitrate removal efficiency in OAD medium (p < 0.05), but not in sterilized STE influent water (p > 0.05). This study would lay the foundation for resource discovery of oligotrophic heterotrophic nitrifiers and aerobic denitrifiers in STE and further functional application of them on the bioremediation of wastewater.
Direct Fermentative Hydrogen Production from Cellulose and Starch with Mesophilic Bacterial Consortia
Authors: ZAGRODNIK ROMAN , SEIFERT KRYSTYNA 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Hydrogen produced from lignocellulose biomass is deemed as a promising fuel of the future. However, direct cellulose utilization remains an issue due to the low hydrogen yields. In this study, the long-term effect of inoculum (anaerobic sludge) heat pretreatment on hydrogen production from untreated cellulose and starch was evaluated during repeated batch processes. The inoculum pretreatment at 90°C was not sufficient to suppress H2 consuming bacteria, both for starch and cellulose. Although hydrogen was produced, it was rapidly utilized with simultaneous accumulation of acetic and propionic acid. The pretreatment at 100°C (20 min) resulted in the successful enrichment of hydrogen producers on starch. High production of hydrogen (1.2 l H2/lmedium) and H2 yield (1.7 mol H2/molhexose) were maintained for 130 days, with butyric (1.5 g/l) and acetic acid (0.65 g/l) as main byproducts. On the other hand, the process with cellulose showed lower hydrogen production (0.3 l H2/lmedium) with simultaneous high acetic acid (1.4 g/l) and ethanol (1.2 g/l) concentration. Elimination of sulfates from the medium led to the efficient production of hydrogen in the initial cycles – 0.97 mol H2/molhexose (5.93 mmol H2/gcellulose). However, the effectiveness of pretreatment was only temporary for cellulose, because propionic acid accumulation (1.5 g/l) was observed after 25 days, which resulted in lower H2 production. The effective production of hydrogen from cellulose was also maintained for 40 days in a repeated fed-batch process (0.63 mol H2/molhexose).
Continuous Manufacturing of Homogeneous Ultralow-Dose Granules by Twin-Screw Wet Granulation
Authors: Démuth Balázs , Fülöp Gergő , Kovács Márk , Madarász Lajos , Ficzere Máté , Köte Ákos , Szabó Bence , Nagy Brigitta , Balogh Attila , Csorba Kristóf , Kaszás Gábor , Nagy Tibor , Bódis Attila , Marosi György , Nagy Zsombor Kristóf 
Published: March 2020

Homogeneous ultralow-dose (30 mg) tablets were prepared from perfectly free-flowing granules manufactured by continuous Twin-Screw Wet Granulation. The gravimetrically fed mixture of lactose and potato starch of low particle size was successfully agglomerated and the size enlargement technology proved to be very robust. Since the incorporated drug was dissolved in ethanol-based granulation liquid, the resulting homogeneity largely depended on the dosing of the applied liquid administering units.A peristaltic pump generated higher deviation of the drug content in tablets (Relative Standard Deviation (RSD): 7.7 %) compared to a syringe pump (RSD: 2.3 %) or a piston pump (RSD: 4.6 %). This is due to the pulsation of the liquid flow generated by the peristaltic pump according to the real-time measured mass of the fed liquid. A good correlation was found between the RSD of the liquid mass flow (calculated from the recorded masses) and the RSD of the drug content. Based on the results, the goodness of Content Uniformity, as the most relevant critical quality attribute of low-dose products, was determined by the characteristics of the applied dosing units. The feeding characteristic of the different pumps could be easily measured by the introduced balance-based method and therefore, the applicability of the pumps could be evaluated.
QUESTIONING AND ANSWERING: A LEARNING TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE COMMUNICATION SKILL AND LEARNING OUTCOME IN THE ELEMENTERY SCHOLL
Authors: Asmanidar Asmanidar 
Published: March 2020

Communication skills are the ability to express ideas both verbally and non-verbally. Learning outcomes are the level of acquisition of student knowledge related to the development of competencies. Both of these can be improved in the classroom by using Questioning and Answering techniques. The purpose of the study was to improve communication skills and student learning outcomes in class IV SDN 006 Langgini. The study design used a Class Action Research (PTK) design which consists of four stages: planning, action, observation and reflection. The research subjects were 29 students in class IV SDB 006 Langgini. The instrument for measuring communication skills used observation sheets while learning outcomes were assessed by providing tests. Data were analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The results showed communication skills in first cycle was 63.22 and in second cycle amounted to 73.99 which meant an increase from first cycle to second cycle. Learning outcomes also increased by 74.21 in first cycle and 89.66 in second cycle. Thus it can be concluded that the application of techniques Questioning and Answering can improve communication skills and learning outcomes of fourth grade students of SDN 006 Langgini in semester 2019/2020.
A dinâmica da taxa de câmbio em países emergentes: uma perspectiva Pós-Keynesiana dos casos do Brasil e do México entre 2000 e 2017
Authors: Tellez Marins Nathalie , Magalhães Prates Daniela 
Published: March 2020

Na perspectiva pós-keynesiana, a taxa de câmbio é considerada um tipo de ativo financeiro sujeito às decisões de alocação de portfólio dos agentes que atuam em um sistema monetário e financeiro internacional hierárquico e assimétrico. Baseado nesta perspectiva, este artigo realiza um estudo de caso comparativo das taxas de câmbio do Brasil e do México nos anos 2000, destacando a influência de fatores institucionais. O estudo cobre seis fases do ciclo financeiro internacional e utiliza o Método de Média Móvel Exponencial e o coeficiente de Pearson para analisar a relação entre as taxas de câmbio e os determinantes da equação keynesiana. Os resultados mostram que, embora as taxas de câmbio estudadas tenham um co-movimento semelhante, existem diferenças importantes em relação à sua volatilidade e ao impacto desses determinantes.
Implementasi Kebijakan Retribusi Pelayanan Pasar di Pasar Adiwerna Kabupaten Tegal
Authors: Dwika Septi Anjani Putri , Kismartini Kismartini , Dwimawanti Ida Hayu 
Published: March 2020

Kebijakan retribusi pelayanan pasar merupakan kebijakan yang tertuang dalam UU Nomor 28 Tahun 2009 Tentang Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah yang memiliki tujuan untuk mengatur pelaksanaan pajak daerah dan retibusi daerah, memberikan kewenangan yang besar kepada daerah untuk mengurus dan mengatur pengelolaan pajak dan retribusi didaerahnya. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis bagaimana implementasi kebijakan retribusi pelayanan pasar di Pasar Adiwerna Kabupaten Tegal dan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis faktor pendukung dan penghambat implementasi kebijakan retribusi pelayanan pasar di Pasar Adiwerna Kabupaten Tegal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Berdasarkan hambatan didalam Implementasi kebijaka retribusi pelayanan pasar di Pasar Adiwerna Kabupaten Tegal, penulis memberikan rekomendasi berupa : Penambahan jumlah staf pada bidang pengelolaan pasar di Dinas Perdagangan, Koperasi, dan UKM Kabupaten Tegal, Sanksi yang tegas kepada para pedagang yang tidak membayar retribusi tepat waktu, Penyediaan fasilitas pasar haru lebih dioptimalkan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ternyata masih ada banyak hal yang perlu untuk diperbaiki apabila dilihat dari keefektivan proses implementasi kebijakan retribusi pelayanan pasar dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Implementasi Kebijakan Retribusi Pelayanan Pasar di Pasar Adiwerna Kabupaten Tegal apabila dilihat dari proses pelaksanaannya dapat dikatakan cukup baik.
Pelatihan Akuntansi dan Pelatihan Penggunaan Bahan Pengawet kepada Pengusaha Home Industri Roti Kacang
Authors: Nasution Ilham Ramadhan , Sartini Sartini 
Published: March 2020

Kemajuan suatu usaha tergantung pada mau atau tidaknya mengadopsi suatu teknologi. Jika tidak mengikuti perkembangan teknologi maka akan tertinggal dan jika mengikutinya maka akan maju bersaing. Namun, adakalanya keinginan untuk hijrah mengikuti perkembangan jaman dari tradisional menjadi modern tidak disertai dukungan dari tenaga ahli sehingga dalam prakteknya pelaku pengusaha mencoba-coba sendiri tanpa perhitungan yang jelas, alhasil konsumen menjadi kelinci percobaannya dari ketidaktahuannya. Seperti pada pengabdian kali ini, pengusaha roti kacang selama 10 tahun berdiri tidak mengalami kemajuan dalam usahanya, berbagai masalah turut mengambil andil dalam mempengaruhi keuntungan penjualan seperti masalah harga bahan baku untuk pembuatan roti kacang yang tidak stabil, kapasitas kemampuan dalam memproduksi roti kacang setiap harinya terbatas, masa kadaluarsa yang terlalu cepat, kemasan yang tidak menarik dan tidak memenuhi syarat untuk memperoleh bantuan modal dari bank karena tidak mempunyai buku laporan keuangan perusahaan. Dari masalah diatas penulis ingin memberikan solusi dengan melakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat.Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah memberikan pemahaman tentang bahan pengawet serta pelatihan penggunaan bahan pengawet untuk memperpanjang masa kadaluarsa, melakukan pelatihan dalam penyusunan laporan keuangan dan memberikan design kemasan produk yang menarik. Diharapkan dengan melakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini usaha mitra dapat berkembang.
A New Approach to Optimizing Network Bandwith and Transfer Rate on Mission Critical Computer Networks: “Network Quality and Resource Manager”
Authors: ERZURUMLU Kerem 
Published: March 2020

In this paper, a new approach and solution of the one of the biggest problem on mission critical networks, network and bandwidth optimization will be described.
The developed “Network Quality and Resource Manager” ensures the quality of network bandwidth and transfer rate on isolated mission critical networks like high resolution IP based security camera surveillance systems.
The “Network Quality and Resource Manager” uses “Quality of Service”, and “Address Resolution Protocol Table” via Simple Network Management Protocol (a.k.a. SNMP) over manage-able at-least 2nd layer network devices. Hence NQRM uses SNMP, it is vendor independent and can work with any network architecture.
El urgente desafío de promover el valor de la vida humana
Authors: Planker de Aguerre Alejandra Mónica 
Published: March 2020

Para promover el valor de la vida humana desde la concepción/fecundación, es necesario instalarse con firmeza en el concepto de naturaleza humana. Desde el aspecto biológico al espiritual, la naturaleza de la persona clama por la continuidad de “entidad” de los padres a los hijos.
Se tratará el concepto de persona, su origen, sus características fundantes, el criterio de dignidad y se reflexionará en la paradójica posibilidad de hacer un mal, queriendo un bien, aparentemente.
Es una síntesis apretada de las razones filosóficas por las que la vida humana naciente ha de ser protegida y tutelada.
Ha llevado tiempo reconocer el valor de la persona humana, fundada en su dignidad. Sin embargo la “atrofia” cognitiva y volitiva que sufre el hombre hace que en la actualidad sea una tarea realmente titánica la de sostener que la vida humana vale desde su inicio en la concepción/fecundación. La presencia cada vez más difundida de los debates proaborto, señalan esta realidad. Quizás volver a las fuentes de la comprensión de la naturaleza corpóreo-espiritual del hombre sea el camino de retorno.
Percepción de comportamientos de cuidado humanizado de enfermería en pacientes adultos hospitalizados en servicios de medicina. Chiclayo. 2018
Authors: Gutiérrez Vásquez Daysi Elizabeth , Lázaro Alcántara Elaine 
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: Determinar la percepción de comportamientos de cuidado humanizado de enfermería, por pacientes adultos Hospitalizados en Servicio de Medicina. Método: La investigación es no experimental de tipo descriptivo y transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 303 pacientes del Hospital Regional Docente Las Mercedes. El Instrumento utilizado fue el cuestionario PCHE 3ra versión (Gonzáles, 2015) que evalúa tres dimensiones: cualidades del hacer de enfermería, Apertura a la comunicación enfermera- paciente y Disposición para la atención. Resultados: El 36% de los pacientes encuestados manifestaron siempre haber percibido un cuidado humanizado y tan sólo el 5% manifestó no haber percibido un cuidado humanizado. La dimensión mejor evaluada es la Cualidades del hacer de enfermería, obteniendo un 40%, destacando principalmente el respeto y la empatía, con solo 27% se percibió la “Apertura a la comunicación enfermera- paciente”. Conclusión: El porcentaje obtenido es motivador, ya que refleja, el ideal de comportamiento de los cuidados humanizados de enfermería; que se vieron modificados por la demanda, dotación de enfermería, infraestructura, presupuesto y dependencia de los pacientes.
PALABRAS CLAVES: Percepción (D010465), Cuidado de enfermería (D009732), Comportamientos de cuidado (D015438), calidad del cuidado (D011787).
STERIC EFFECT IN THE MATRIX OF THE FOAM CONCRETE
Authors: Savenkov Andrey , Yazina Ol'ga , Ploskonosova Alena , Stafievskiy Egor 
Published: March 2020

The phenomenon of the steric effect in cement mortar of a hardening matrix of foam
concrete is considered. The amount of reduction in compressive strength in a matrix of foam concrete
of heat-insulating grades by density.
NEW REQUIREMENTS AND APPROACHES TO LONG-TERM FORECASTING OF ELECTRICITY PRICES
Authors: Kononov Dmitriy , Alaf'eva Marina 
Published: March 2020

The article describes a multi-stage approach, which includes: determining the dynamics of self-repayment prices (minimum supply prices), providing generating companies with breakeven operation and development; imitation of competition of these companies in regional energy markets; taking into account the possible corrective impact on the demand for electricity. The results of
calculations of long-term price dynamics for two scenarios of economic development and the study of
the impact of various factors on the cost of electricity are presented.
The State Interests and the Responsibility of the State: some issues of interrelation
Authors: Kubko Andrii 
Published: March 2020

The matter of the responsibility of the state is of core importance in view of the modern legal system. The effective implementation of the responsibility of the state serves as a safeguard for securing a rule of law principle, the respect for human rights: absent such implementation these principles would be rendered nugatory.
The state responsibility has evolved during the Ukraine’s move forward to the democratic, rule of law based nation. The country’s acceding to the international law instruments in the area of human rights protection, such as the European Convention and bilateral investment treaties has also contributed to the process of strengthening of the responsibility of the state.
Currently the state’s responsibility is governed by the significant segment of the domestic as well as the international law and is capable of effectuated both through the national judiciary and international courts and tribunals.
The matter of the responsibility of the state is closely interrelated with the issue of the state’s interests implementation. The interests of the state are recognized both in the law and in the theory. The effective implementation of such interests, e,g, of those related to securing the national sovereignty, law and order, territorial integrity, due functioning of the state machinery etc. is an objective necessity.
At the same time the state, when implementing its interests, often has to restrict, limit, interfere with other social interests, e,g. those of private persons, social groups, civil society and the private rights. The measures implemented by the state on the legislative, governmental or judicial level aimed at implementation of the state’s interests result on many occasions in the conflict between the respective state interests and those affected by such measures. This situation is capable of giving rise to the state held responsible for the violation of the undertaking in the area of human rights protection from the domestic or international law perspective.
Against the above background the state is to be said to be justified in implementing the measures restricting or interfering with the private, collective, social interests where such measures pursue not only the interest of the state, but collaterally the public interest. Thus the state interest, in order to justify the state’s above measures should be a public in nature and be of general social value.