bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxygen as a Heteroatom in Propargylic Alcohols: Reactivity, Selectivity, and Applications
Authors: Puri Surendra 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPropargylic alcohols serve as versatile building blocks in synthetic organic chemistry and utilized as starting materials in many useful transformations. These transformations include the synthesis of conjugated‐aldehydes, ketones, esters, amides, silylketones, enynes, and enynones. A large number of metal complexes, based on Ti, V, Mo, W, Re, Ru, Ni, Pd, Cu, Ag, and Au have been identified to functionalize the propargylic alcohols. Until recently, however the potential of activated propargylic alcohols remained underexploited due to difficulties in preparation and isolation. Despite, the highly nucleophilic alkyne functional moiety along with oxygen atom at 3‐position, drew the attention of researchers to develop the versatile synthetic transformations. Based on literature reports, this review summarizes the recent advancement and potential applications of activated propargylic alcohols.
Dichalcogenides/Oxone®‐Mediated Cyclization of (Z)‐Chalcogenoenynes under Ultrasound Irradiation
Authors: Soares Liane K. , Barcellos Angelita M. , Neto José S. S. , Alves Diego , Lenardão Eder J. , Rosati Ornelio , Santi Claudio , Perin Gelson 
Published: August 2020

Abstract3‐Selanyl‐ and 3‐tellanylchalcogenophenes were prepared by the electrophilic cyclization of (Z)‐chalcogenoenynes under ultrasound irradiation conditions. This green procedure was carried out using Oxone® as an inexpensive and non‐toxic oxidant agent to promote the oxidative cleavage of Se−Se and Te−Te bonds. The electrophilic cyclization of (Z)‐1‐propylthio‐ and (Z)‐1‐butylselen‐1‐en‐3‐ynes was performed using the diaryl diselenide or ditelluride/Oxone®/ethanol system. The respective 3‐arylselanyl and 3‐aryltellanylthiophenes and selenophenes were obtained in 40 % to 87 % yield (16 examples). Similarly, 3‐arylselanyl and 3‐aryltellanyltellurophenes were synthesized by the cyclization of (Z)‐1‐butyltelluro‐1‐en‐3‐ynes, using glycerol as the solvent instead ethanol (5 examples; 28 % to 65 % yield). For the first time, Oxone® was used in the selective oxidative cleavage of the Te−Te bond in cyclization reactions.
Evaluation of Biodegradable Glucose Based Surfactants as a Promoting Medium for the Synthesis of Peptidomimetics with the Coumarin Scaffold
Authors: Paprocki Daniel , Koszelewski Dominik , Madej Arleta , Brodzka Anna , Walde Peter , Ostaszewski Ryszard 
Published: August 2020

Abstract6‐O‐Glucose‐4‐phenylbutyrate was used successfully as promoting aqueous reaction medium for the synthesis of fourteen different α‐acyloxy carboxamides with the biologically relevant coumarin scaffold. Two different one‐pot protocols; chemical and chemoenzymatic, based on the usage of biodegradable surfactants for the synthesis of target products were developed. The chemoenzymatic method consists of 3‐steps in which the first step is oxidation catalyzed by Trametes versicolor laccase/O2, followed by spontaneous condensation reaction, and finally multicomponent Passerini reaction. All transformations occurred at room temperature in the same reaction vials without isolation of the reaction intermediates. The influence of the reaction conditions including substrate structure on the reaction course was studied. The application of an aqueous solution of 6‐O‐glucose 4‐phenylbutyrate as the reaction medium had the pivotal impact of the reaction rate providing target α‐acyloxy carboxamides with the yields up to 65 %. Obtained peptidomimetics were characterized by UV‐VIS and fluorescence spectroscopy.
One Pot Hydrogenation of Furfural to 2‐Methyl Tetrahydrofuran over Supported Mono‐ and Bi‐metallic Catalysts
Authors: Date Nandan S. , Hengne Amol M. , Huang K.‐W. , Chikate Rajeev C. , Rode Chandrashekhar V. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract2‐Methyltetrahydrofuran is a valuable commercial product that can be obtained by direct hydrogenation of furfural. In the present study, among several carbon supported bimetallic Ir−Ni catalysts with different loadings screened, 4% Ir‐4% Ni/C catalyst showed excellent activity in terms of direct conversion (99%) to 2‐MeTHF with a maximum selectivity of ∼74% at 220 °C and 750 psig, suppressing the formation of side chain as well as ring opening products. The catalytic activity was found to be mainly affected by catalyst preparation methods, metal loadings, surface composition, temperature, pressure and catalyst loading. HR‐TEM and STEM revealed well dispersed Ir−Ni NPs having the particle sizes in the range of 2 to 5 nm. Different phases of Ir i. e. Ir° and IrO2 as well as oxygen vacancies were found to be responsible for hydrogenation of furfural to 2‐methyl furan while, Ni° and NiO were responsible for further hydrogenation to 2‐MeTHF. The synergic effect between Ir and Ni was established through XPS, H2‐TPR analysis. With the help of some control experiments, the plausible reaction pathway was also proposed. The catalyst prepared by co‐impregnation method found more effective than prepared by sequential addition method. At lower Ni loadings of 1% and 2%, low temperature of 160 °C as well as at low H2 pressure of 250 psig, mixture of furfuryl alcohol and 2‐methyl furan were formed selectively. Catalyst could be successfully reused up to 3 times without leaching of metals.
Wettability Control of Sapphire by Surface Texturing in Combination with Femtosecond Laser Irradiation and Chemical Etching
Authors: Liu Tongwei , Wei Haiying , Li Jianxiang , Lu Jiangang , Lin Qida , Zhang Yi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSurface texturing has been recently utilized in interface science to modify the liquid wettability of solid surfaces. In this paper, the authors present a simple method to control the surface wettability properties of sapphire by surface texturing in combination with femtosecond laser irradiation and chemical etching. Four type surface microstructures were fabricated by controlling the pulse overlap rate between the laser beam tracks and by chemical etching. The original hydrophobic surface can be transformed into superhydrophobic surface after femtosecond laser irradiation. The femtosecond laser firstly made the sapphire surface phase transformation, then combining with chemical etching, the hydrophilic surface can be obtained. It is found that surface texturing in combination with ultrafast laser irradiation and chemical etching is an effective way to manipulate surface microstructure and liquid wettability.
Quinoline Glycoconjugates as Potentially Anticancer and Anti‐Inflammatory Agents: An Investigation Involving Synthesis, Biological Screening, and Docking
Authors: Pallavi Badvel , Sharma Prachi , Baig Noorullah , Kumar Madduluri Vimal , Sah Ajay K. , Saumya Udit , Dubey Uma S. , Shukla Paritosh 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe present work is a preliminary report of synthesis of a series of targeted 4,6‐O‐ethylidene‐β‐D‐glucopyranosylamine glycoconjugate quinoline 4‐carboxylic acid derivatives followed by a quick evaluation of their anti‐inflammatory and anticancer activities. Compounds C5 and C8 exhibited highest anti‐inflammatory activity against human COX‐2 enzyme. Anticancer studies were also performed in vitro which revealed C8 as a promising candidate against HeLa, human cervical cancer cell lines. The anti‐inflammatory and anticancer activity was further confirmed by molecular docking studies for all the synthesized molecules. That all the compounds showed potency, seems to validate our initial hypothesis concerning a positive correlation between anticancer and anti‐inflammatory activity for the designed quinoline glycoconjugates.
Anode Catalytic Activity of Palladium‐Nickel Alloy Nanoparticles for Ethanol Oxidation in Alkali
Authors: Roy Chowdhury Sreya , Banik Ms. Senjuti , Mahajan Ankita , Kumar Bhattacharya Swapan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTo fabricate cost‐effective anode catalysts for direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFC), Pd and a series of bimetallic PdxNi100‐x alloy nano catalyst has been synthesized by adhering toclassical wet chemical synthetic procedure. External capping agents have not been employed for stabilization of the nanoparticles. Several physicochemical characterizations reveal the generation of uniformly dispersed PdxNi100‐x catalysts with average crystallite size 6 nm. The catalytic capability of the PdxNi100‐x/C catalysts for ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) has been verified by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) study. It has been revealed that the peak current density is about 1.2 times higher for ethanol oxidation on Pd80Ni20/C catalyst than similarly synthesized Pd/C catalyst. Moreover, the catalytic proficiency of the bimetallic nano catalysts have been strongly dependent on the Pd : Ni ratio. The poisoning protected ability of the PdxNi100‐x/Ccatalysts leads to show stable performance after several cycles of continuous operation. Cyclic voltammetric and ex‐situ FTIR study of probable intermediates of EOR like acetaldehyde, sodium acetate reveal that Ni facilitate the generation of acetate in comparison to carbonate enlightening the reasonable mechanism of the ethanol oxidation reaction on PdNi surface.
A Zinc(II) Coordination Polymer Based on a Chain of {Zn2O7} Bitetrahedra Bridged by 3‐Methoxybenzoates
Authors: Bhargao Pooja H. , Hathwar Venkatesha R. , Srinivasan Bikshandarkoil R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe synthesis, crystal structure and properties of a zinc(II) coordination polymer viz. [Zn2(μ‐OH)(μ2‐η1:η1‐3‐mba)3] 1 (3‐mba=3‐methoxybenzoate) based on 3‐methoxybenzoic acid is described. The three crystallographically independent μ2‐η1:η1 3‐mba ligands and the unique μ‐hydoxide ligand link the two unique Zn(II) ions into an infinite chain of {Zn2O7} bitetrahedra with alternating Zn⋅⋅⋅Zn separations of 3.314 and 3.364 Å respectively. The carboxylate carbons of the symmetric bridging 3‐mba ligands serve as links between the adjacent bitetrahedra in the coordination polymer. Pyrolysis of 1 results in the formation of highly agglomerated ZnO particles having spherical morphology. 1 exhibits blue fluorescence.
Construction of rGO Supported Integrative NiFe2O4/g‐C3N4 Nanocomposite: Role of Charge Transfer for Boosting the OH. Radical Production to Enhance the Photo‐Fenton Degradation
Authors: Palanivel Baskaran , Alagiri Mani 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe facile sol‐gel and hydrothermal method have been used to prepare the ternary heterojunction of rGO supported NiFe2O4/g‐C3N4 nanocomposite. The structural, morphological, optical, magnetic, and charge transport properties of the prepared nanoparticles were analyzed by various analytical methods. The supportive rGO helps to harvest the more amount of visible light and helps to electron transformation was confirmed by UV‐vis‐DRS and PL spectroscopy studies. The rGO acts as an electron transport supporting layer for enhancement of radical production for effective dye degradation reaction under LED and sunlight irradiation. In particular, 10GO/NFO/g‐CN ternary nanocomposite exhibits the highest photo‐Fenton degradation when compared to other photocatalysts. They produced a large amount of OH• radicals that were beneficial for the photocatalytic process. The possible reaction mechanism and the active species for the dye degradation process were investigated by elemental trapping experiment and TA test. The recycling process proves the stability of the prepared photocatalyst. Hence, the reported ternary heterojunction could be a superior candidate for environmental remediation applications.
Recent Advances in Total Synthesis of Alkaloids from α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes
Authors: Vchislo Nadezhda V. , Verochkina Ekaterina A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAlkaloids are structurally complex pharmacologically valuable natural products, the synthesis of which attracts the attention of the world scientific community. This review summarizes and highlights the recent advancements in the total synthesis of different family alkaloids (such as Lycopodium, Manzamine, Indole, Amaryllidaceae, as well as other alkaloids) from transformations of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes.
Boosting Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution of Nickel foam Supported Nickel Hydroxide by Ruthenium Doping
Authors: Krishna Sadhanala Hari , Perelshtein Ilana , Gedanken Aharon 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acid electrolytes has advantages for electrolysis of water due to large supply of hydrogen ions. Herein, we report the synthesis of ruthenium doped nickel hydroxide on commercial nickel foam (Ru−Ni(OH)2/NF) by using simple hydrothermal method. Due to integrated assembly and porous structure, as prepared Ru−Ni(OH)2/NF is explored as an electrocatalyst for HER in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution at room temperature. The Ru−Ni(OH)2/NF showed excellent electrocatalytic HER activity with Tafel slope of 94 mV/dec. The overpotential of Ru−Ni(OH)2/NF required to deliver 10 mAcm−2 current density was calculated to be 27 mV, which is smaller than that of commercial Pt/C/NF catalyst (33 mV). Furthermore, the Ru−Ni(OH)2/NF has shown decent stability and notable durability. The enhanced HER activity of Ru−Ni(OH)2/NF is attributed to Ru doping Ni(OH)2/NF and effective contacts between the Ru−Ni(OH)2 and NF substrate. Finally, these results may provide guidance to the design of Pt‐free catalysts for effective energy related electrocatalytic applications.
Physical, Mechanical, Functional, and Thermal Characterization of Chitosan: Maltodextrin Blends Edible Oral Film Incorporated with Aqueous Clove Extract
Authors: Himani  , Kumar Nishant , Prabhakar Pramod K , Pant Vimal 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe oral route is the most effective and fast route for the administration of therapeutic and antioxidant agents at low cost with high patient compliance. In this work, natural clove extract is used as an anti‐oxidative agent in developing chitosan‐maltodextrin based edible oral thin films (OTFs). The antioxidant enriched edible OTFs are evaluated for enhanced oral bioavailability and functionality. The different formulations are as follows; F1 (100% maltodextrin), F2 (25:75%, chitosan: maltodextrin), F3 (50:50%, chitosan: maltodextrin), F4 (75:25%, chitosan: maltodextrin), and F5 (100% chitosan). For all formulations pullulan (10%), clove extract (15%), and glycerol (1% v/v) is kept constant. The film based on 100% maltodextrin shows good transparency and solubility and has the least disintegration time and maximum swelling index. Film F3 has the maximum folding endurance and reveals less in vitro disintegration. The 100% chitosan based film shows a maximum glass transition (160.1 °C) with 170 °C of endothermic peak indicating higher thermal stability. Thus, OTFs may have great potential to avoid oral problems as well as serving as stabilizers in therapeutics.
Wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichung von studentischen Forschungsprojekten im Bachelorstudiengang Psychologie
Authors: Kedzior Karina Karolina , Gerkensmeier Imke , Lüdders Lisa 
Published: August 2020

Zusammenfassung
Die Lehre im Bachelorstudiengang Psychologie beinhaltet mehrere forschungsbezogene Grundlagen. Neben den inhaltlichen Fachmodulen lernen die Studierenden Forschungsmethoden und statistische Verfahren kennen, führen eigene praktische Forschungsprojekte durch und schreiben im späteren Verlauf ihres Studiums umfangreiche Berichte sowie die Bachelorarbeit. Die Ergebnisse solcher Forschungsprojekte werden jedoch selten außerhalb der eigenen Universität kommuniziert.
Probing ALP-sterile neutrino couplings at the LHC
Authors: Alves Alexandre , Dias A.G. , Lopes D.D. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this work, prospects to probe an overlooked facet of axion-like particles (ALPs) — their potential couplings to sterile neutrinos — are presented. We found that mono-photon searches have the potential to constrain ALP couplings to sterile neutrinos when a new heavy scalar boosts the ALP decay yields. Working within an effective field theory (EFT) approach, we scan the parameters space to establish the reach of the 13 TeV LHC to probe such couplings. We found regions of the parameters space evading several experimental constraints that can be probed at the LHC. Moreover, a complementary role between the LHC and various experiments that search for axions and ALPs can be anticipated for models where ALPs interact with sterile neutrinos. We also present the UV realization of a model having an axion-like particle, a heavy scalar and sterile neutrinos whose parameters are spanned by our EFT approach. The proposed model contains a type of seesaw mechanism for generating masses for the active neutrinos along with sterile neutrinos involving the high energy scale of the spontaneous breaking of the global symmetry associated to the ALP. Some benchmark points of this model can be discovered at the 13 TeV LHC with 300 fb−1.
Hans Asperger und die Kinderklinik Innsbruck
Authors: Lechner C. 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Innsbrucker Kinderklinik zog erst 1901 unter ihrem ersten Vorstand Johann Loos in eigenständige Räumlichkeiten; entsprechend prägte Aufbauarbeit die folgenden Jahrzehnte. Auch Loos’ Nachfolger Richard Priesel, vormals Schüler zunächst Pirquets und später Hamburgers an der Wiener Kinderklinik, leitete die junge Kinderklinik ab 1935 unter großen organisatorischen und finanziellen Mühen. Der Zweite Weltkrieg verbesserte diese Situation sicherlich nicht. Inwieweit die gemeinsamen Wurzeln an der Wiener Kinderklinik Hans Asperger bei der Berufung als Priesels Nachfolger unterstützten, bleibt unklar. Jedenfalls trat Asperger 1957 als Letztgereihter im Berufungsvorschlag die Nachfolge an. Die Quellenlage für Aspergers fünf Innsbrucker Jahre ist bis auf wenige Unterlagen knapp. Eine systematische Betrachtung steht noch aus, wofür dieser Beitrag hoffentlich einen Anstoß geben mag.
Analysis, fate and toxicity of chiral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in wastewaters and the environment: a review
Authors: Petrie Bruce , Camacho-Muñoz Dolores 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are found in the aquatic environment globally. Such drugs including naproxen, ibuprofen and ketoprofen are chiral molecules. Enantiomers of those drugs have identical physicochemical properties but can behave and interact differently in chiral environments due to differences in their three-dimensional shape. This results in enantiospecific differences in environmental fate and toxicity, which is often overlooked. Therefore, we review the analytical methods, occurrence and fate, and toxicity of chiral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at the enantiomeric level. The advancement of enantioselective chromatography methods, particularly the use of polysaccharide-based stationary phases, has enabled trace determination of enantiomers in complex environmental matrices. Macrocosm and microcosm studies of engineered and natural environments revealed that such drugs can undergo both enantioselective degradation and chiral inversion. Enantioselectivity has been reported during wastewater treatment, in surface waters and in agricultural soils. The use of microcosms spiked with individual enantiomers over racemates is essential to evaluate these degradation and inversion fate processes. The chiral inversion process whereby one enantiomer converts into its antipode can be significant if the more toxic enantiomers are formed. Existing enantiospecific effect studies report less than an order of magnitude difference in enantiomer toxicity. However, toxicity data for enantiomers are limited and further research is needed to better appreciate the environmental risk at the enantiomeric level.
Die Ausgestaltung der Umweltrechtsbehelfe für Verbände seit der UmwRG-Novelle 2017
Authors: Guckelberger Annette 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungAngesichts der Ausweitung der umweltrechtsbehelfsfähigen Gegenstände sowie des partiellen
Wegfalls der materiellen Präklusion enthält die UmwRG-Novelle 2017 eine Reihe von Vorschriften
zur Eindämmung der daraus resultierenden Effekte. Deren Bedeutungsgehalt bedarf noch weiterer Konkretisierung
in der Praxis. Ferner stehen die Anerkennungsvoraussetzungen für Umweltorganisationen nicht nur im
Fokus des Bundesgesetzgebers, sondern auch des Aarhus Compliance Committee (ACC).
Das Klimaschutzgesetz des Bundes – neue Ansätze für den Naturschutz?
Authors: Albrecht Juliane 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungIm vorliegenden Beitrag sollen speziell die Bezüge und ggf. neue Ansätze des Klimaschutzgesetzes
für den Naturschutz herausgearbeitet und bewertet werden. Anknüpfungspunkte für den Naturschutz
bieten vor allem die Sektoren Landwirtschaft und Landnutzung. Schwerpunkte bilden dabei die Senkung des
Stickstoffeintrages, der Ausbau des Ökolandbaus, Humuserhalt und Humusaufbau im Ackerland, der Schutz
von Mooren, der Erhalt von Dauergrünland sowie die klimaangepasste Bewirtschaftung der Wälder.
Die hierzu im Klimaschutzprogramm 2030 der Bundesregierung genannten Maßnahmen werden nachfolgend erläutert
sowie im Hinblick auf ihre (rechts-) instrumentelle Umsetzung aus Naturschutzsicht bewertet.
An integral equation–based numerical method for the forced heat equation on complex domains
Authors: Fryklund Fredrik , Kropinski Mary Catherine A. , Tornberg Anna-Karin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntegral equation–based numerical methods are directly applicable to homogeneous elliptic PDEs and offer the ability to solve these with high accuracy and speed on complex domains. In this paper, such a method is extended to the heat equation with inhomogeneous source terms. First, the heat equation is discretised in time, then in each time step we solve a sequence of so-called modified Helmholtz equations with a parameter depending on the time step size. The modified Helmholtz equation is then split into two: a homogeneous part solved with a boundary integral method and a particular part, where the solution is obtained by evaluating a volume potential over the inhomogeneous source term over a simple domain. In this work, we introduce two components which are critical for the success of this approach: a method to efficiently compute a high-regularity extension of a function outside the domain where it is defined, and a special quadrature method to accurately evaluate singular and nearly singular integrals in the integral formulation of the modified Helmholtz equation for all time step sizes.
Crossed Modules of Monoids III. Simplicial Monoids of Moore Length 1
Authors: Böhm Gabriella 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis is the last part of a series of three strongly related papers in which three equivalent structures are studied:

Internal categories in categories of monoids; defined in terms of pullbacks relative to a chosen class of spans

Crossed modules of monoids relative to this class of spans

Simplicial monoids of so-called Moore length 1 relative to this class of spans.

The most important examples of monoids that are covered are small categories (treated as monoids in categories of spans) and bimonoids in symmetric monoidal categories (regarded as monoids in categories of comonoids). In this third part relative simplicial monoids are analyzed. Their Moore length is introduced and the equivalence is proven between relative simplicial monoids of Moore length 1, and relative categories of monoids in Part I. This equivalence is obtained in one direction by truncating a simplicial monoid at the first two degrees; and in the other direction by taking the simplicial nerve of a relative category.