bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting postmusculoskeletal tumour surgery wound problem treatment with negative pressure wound therapy
Authors: Baysal Özgür , Sağlam Fevzi , Akgülle Ahmet Hamdi , Sofulu Ömer , Yiğit Okan , Şirin Evrim , Erol Bülent 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe aim of the study is to investigate the risk factors identified in literature that have been associated with prolonged Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT). Our study included patients who developed local wound problems after bone or soft tissue sarcoma surgery with negative margin at our clinic between 2012 and 2018 and treated with NPWT. All patients were followed up of at least 6 months. Sex, albumin level, skin infiltration, type of wound problem, postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) requirement, and intraoperative blood loss were found to be influential factors on NPWT > 10 sessions. We conclude that treatment may be prolonged and the necessary precautions need to be taken in patients with an impaired preoperative nutritional condition, with intraoperative high amount of blood loss, and with long postoperative stays in the ICU as well as if the underlying cause for wound problem is an infection.
Chemical variations in Quercus pollen as a tool for taxonomic identification: Implications for long‐term ecological and biogeographical research
Authors: Muthreich Florian , Zimmermann Boris , Birks H. John B. , Vila‐Viçosa Carlos M. , Seddon Alistair W. R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimFossil pollen is an important tool for understanding biogeographical patterns in the past, but the taxonomic resolution of the fossil‐pollen record may be limited to genus or even family level. Chemical analysis of pollen grains has the potential to increase the taxonomic resolution of pollen analysis, but present‐day chemical variability is poorly understood. This study aims to investigate whether a phylogenetic signal is present in the chemical variations of Quercus L. pollen and to assess the prospects of chemical techniques for identification in biogeographical research.LocationPortugal.TaxonSix taxa (five species, one subspecies) of Quercus L., Q. faginea, Q. robur, Q. robur ssp. estremadurensis, Q. coccifera, Q. rotundifolia and Q. suber belonging to three sections: Cerris, Ilex and Quercus (Denk, Grimm, Manos, Deng, & Hipp, 2017).MethodsWe collected pollen samples from 297 individual Quercus trees across a 4° (~450 km) latitudinal gradient and determined chemical differences using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). We used canonical powered partial least squares regression (CPPLS) and discriminant analysis to describe within‐ and between‐species chemical variability.ResultsWe find clear differences in the FTIR spectra from Quercus pollen at the section level (Cerris: ~98%; Ilex: ~100%; Quercus: ~97%). Successful discrimination is based on spectral signals related to lipids and sporopollenins. However, discrimination of species within individual Quercus sections is more challenging: overall, species recall is ~76% and species misidentifications within sections lie between 18% and 31% of the test set.Main ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that subgenus level differentiation of Quercus pollen is possible using FTIR methods, with successful classification at the section level. This indicates that operator‐independent FTIR approaches can surpass traditional morphological techniques using light microscopy. Our results have implications both for providing new insights into past colonization pathways of Quercus, and likewise for forecasting future responses to climate change. However, before FTIR techniques can be applied more broadly across palaeoecology and biogeography, our results also highlight a number of research challenges that still need to be addressed, including developing sporopollenin‐specific taxonomic discriminators and determining a more complete understanding of the effects of environmental variation on pollen‐chemical signatures in Quercus.
Use of Fall Risk–Increasing Drugs Around a Fall‐Related Injury in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hart Laura A. , Phelan Elizabeth A. , Yi Julia Y. , Marcum Zachary A. , Gray Shelly L. 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVESTo examine: (1) prevalence of fall risk–increasing drug (FRID) use among older adults with a fall‐related injury, (2) which FRIDs were most frequently prescribed, (3) whether FRID use was reduced following the fall‐related healthcare episode, and (4) which interventions have reduced falls or FRID use in older adults with a history of falls.DESIGNSystematic review.PARTICIPANTSObservational and intervention studies that assessed (or intervened on) FRID use in participants aged 60 years or older who had experienced a fall.MEASUREMENTSPubMed and EMBASE were searched through June 30, 2019. Two reviewers independently extracted data and evaluated studies for bias. Discrepancies were resolved by consensus.RESULTSFourteen of 638 articles met selection criteria: 10 observational studies and 4 intervention studies. FRID use prevalence at time of fall‐related injury ranged from 65% to 93%. Antidepressants and sedatives‐hypnotics were the most commonly prescribed FRIDs. Of the 10 observational studies, only 2 used a design adequate to capture changes in FRID use after a fall‐related injury, neither finding a reduction in FRID use. Three randomized controlled studies conducted in various settings (hospital, emergency department, and community pharmacy) with 12‐month follow‐up did not find a reduction in falls with interventions to reduce FRID use, although the study conducted in the community pharmacy setting was effective in reducing FRID use. In a nonrandomized (pre‐post) intervention study conducted in an outpatient geriatrics clinic, falls were reduced in the intervention group.CONCLUSIONSLimited evidence indicates high prevalence of FRID use among older adults who have experienced a fall‐related injury and no reduction in overall FRID use following the fall‐related healthcare encounter. There is a need for well‐designed interventions to reduce FRID use and falls in older adults with a history of falls. Reducing FRID use as a stand‐alone intervention may not be effective in reducing recurrent falls. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1334–1343, 2020.
Comparing Morphological and Molecular Estimates of Species Diversity in the Freshwater Genus Synura (Stramenopiles): A Model for Understanding Diversity of Eukaryotic Microorganisms
Authors: Škaloud Pavel , Škaloudová Magda , Jadrná Iva , Bestová Helena , Pusztai Martin , Kapustin Dmitry , Siver Peter A. 
Published: February 2020

We performed a comparison of molecular and morphological diversity in a freshwater colonial genus Synura (Chrysophyceae, Stramenopiles), using the island of Newfoundland (Canada) as a case study. We examined the morphological species diversity in collections from 79 localities, and compared these findings to diversity based on molecular characters for 150 strains isolated from the same sites. Of 27 species or species‐level lineages identified, only one third was recorded by both molecular and morphological techniques, showing both approaches are complementary in estimating species diversity within this genus. Eight taxa, each representing young evolutionary lineages, were recovered only by sequencing of isolated colonies, whereas ten species were recovered only microscopically. Our complex investigation, involving both morphological and molecular examinations, indicates that our knowledge of Synura diversity is still poor, limited only to a few well‐studied areas. We revealed considerable cryptic diversity within the core S. petersenii and S. leptorrhabda lineages. We further resolved the phylogenetic position of two previously described taxa, S. kristiansenii and S. petersenii f. praefracta, propose species‐level status for S. petersenii f. praefracta, and describe three new species, S. vinlandica, S. fluviatilis, and S. cornuta. Our findings add to the growing body of literature detailing distribution patterns observed in the genus, ranging from cosmopolitan species, to highly restricted taxa, to species such as S. hibernica found along coastal regions on multiple continents. Finally, our study illustrates the usefulness of combining detailed morphological information with gene sequence data to examine species diversity within chrysophyte algae.
Optimization of encapsulation of maltogenic amylase into a mixture of maltodextrin and beeswax and its application in gluten‐free bread
Authors: Haghighat‐Kharazi Sepideh , Kasaai Mohammad Reza , Milani Jafar Mohammadzadeh , Khajeh Khosro 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this work maltogenic amylase (MAase) was encapsulated into the mixture of maltodexrin and beeswax (BW) for retarding staling of gluten‐free bread. The effects of maltogenic amylase (MAase) concentration (8.2, 45, and 82 mg/ml), maltodextrin with dextrose equivalent (DE) 4–7 (MD) (1, 2.5, and 4%) and, BW (1, 2.5, and 4%) on the encapsulation efficiency (EE) of encapsulated enzyme were optimized using RSM. The optimized formulation was MAase with 8.2 mg/ml, MD 4% and BW 1%, leading to the highest EE (79.35%), thus chosen for subsequent experiments. The prepared particles were 1,190.50 nm with PDI of 0.336 and zeta potential of −8.30 mV. Surface morphologies of produced particles were almost spherical with layered appearance. Batter with this formulation led to higher cross over point in frequency sweep than free enzyme‐loaded batter. Lower weight loss, higher volume index, darker crust color, whiter crumb color, more aerated microstructure, less hardness in crumb, and higher sensorial acceptability on the first day and during storage period in the breads containing encapsulated MAase was observed.
Concurrent use of rabacfosadine and L‐asparaginase for relapsed or refractory multicentric lymphoma in dogs
Authors: Cawley Jacob R. , Wright Zachary M. , Meleo Karri , Post Gerald S. , Clifford Craig A. , Vickery Kathryn R. , Vail David M. , Bergman Philip J. , Thamm Douglas H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundRabacfosadine (RAB), a novel antineoplastic agent conditionally licensed for the treatment of lymphoma in dogs, is efficacious in both naïve and previously treated dogs. Its use in combination with L‐asparaginase (L‐ASP) has not been studied.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of L‐ASP given concurrently with RAB in dogs with relapsed multicentric lymphoma.AnimalsFifty‐two dogs with relapse of lymphoma after treatment with at least 1 doxorubicin‐based chemotherapy protocol.MethodsOpen‐label, multicenter, prospective single‐arm clinical trial. Dogs were treated with RAB at 1.0 mg/kg IV every 21 days for up to a total of 5 doses. L‐asparaginase was administered at 400 IU/kg SQ concurrently with the first 2 treatments of RAB.ResultsThe overall response rate (ORR) for all dogs was 67%, with 19 dogs (41%) achieving a complete response (CR). The median progression‐free survival time (MPFS) was 63 days (range 5‐428 days). Dogs experiencing a CR as their best response had an MPFS of 144 days (range 44‐428 days). Adverse events were similar to previous studies evaluating single agent RAB. Failure to achieve a CR and having previously received L‐ASP were negative prognostic factors on multivariate analysis.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceConcurrent RAB/L‐ASP appears to be both efficacious and safe for treating relapsed multicentric lymphoma in dogs. Adverse events were most often mild and no unexpected toxicoses were observed.
Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio is associated with survival in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with lenvatinib
Authors: Tada Toshifumi , Kumada Takashi , Hiraoka Atsushi , Michitaka Kojiro , Atsukawa Masanori , Hirooka Masashi , Tsuji Kunihiko , Ishikawa Toru , Takaguchi Koichi , Kariyama Kazuya , Itobayashi Ei , Tajiri Kazuto , Shimada Noritomo , Shibata Hiroshi , Ochi Hironori , Yasuda Satoshi , Toyoda Hidenori , Fukunishi Shinya , Ohama Hideko , Kawata Kazuhito , Nakamura Shinichiro , Nouso Kazuhiro , Tsutsui Akemi , Nagano Takuya , Itokawa Norio , Hayama Korenobu , Arai Taeang , Imai Michitaka , Joko Kouji , Koizumi Yohei , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsLenvatinib, a newly developed molecularly targeted agent, has become available for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been reported to be associated with poor outcomes in numerous malignancies. In this study, we investigated the impact of NLR on associating outcomes in patients with HCC treated with lenvatinib.MethodsA total of 237 patients with HCC treated with lenvatinib were included. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses in this cohort. In addition, we clarified appropriate cut‐off NLR levels for associating overall survival using hazard ratio (HR) spline curves.ResultsCumulative overall survival at 100, 200 and 300 days was 95.2%, 83.4% and 66.6% respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that NLR ≥ 4 (HR, 1.874; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.097‐3.119), α‐foetoprotein ≥ 400 ng/mL (HR, 1.969; 95% CI, 1.188‐3.265) and modified albumin‐bilirubin grade 2b or 3 (HR, 2.123; 95% CI, 1.267‐3.555) were independently associated with overall survival. Cumulative progression‐free survival at 100, 200 and 300 days was 72.4%, 49.8% and 38.7% respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that NLR ≥ 4 (HR, 1.897; 95% CI, 1.268‐2.837) and BCLC stage ≥ C (HR, 1.516; 95% CI, 1.028‐2.236) were independently associated with progression‐free survival. Disease control rate was significantly different between the patients with low NLR (<4) (85.5%) and high NLR (≥4) (67.3%) (P = .007). Spline curve analysis revealed that NLR of approximately 3.0‐4.5 is an appropriate cut‐off for associating overall survival.ConclusionsNLR can be associated with outcomes in patients with HCC treated with lenvatinib.
The C‐terminal domain of Corynebacterium glutamicum mycoloyltransferase A is composed of five repeated motifs involved in cell wall binding and stability
Authors: Dietrich Christiane , Li de la Sierra‐Gallay Ines , Masi Muriel , Girard Eric , Dautin Nathalie , Constantinesco‐Becker Florence , Tropis Maryelle , Daffé Mamadou , van Tilbeurgh Herman , Bayan Nicolas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe genomes of Corynebacteriales contain several genes encoding mycoloyltransferases (Myt) that are specific cell envelope enzymes essential for the biogenesis of the outer membrane. MytA is a major mycoloyltransferase of Corynebacterium glutamicum, displaying an N‐terminal domain with esterase activity and a C‐terminal extension containing a conserved repeated Leu‐Gly‐Phe‐Pro (LGFP) sequence motif of unknown function. This motif is highly conserved in Corynebacteriales and found associated with cell wall hydrolases and with proteins of unknown function. In this study, we determined the crystal structure of MytA and found that its C‐terminal domain is composed of five LGFP motifs and forms a long stalk perpendicular to the N‐terminal catalytic α/β‐hydrolase domain. The LGFP motifs are composed of a 4‐stranded β‐fold and occupy alternating orientations along the axis of the stalk. Multiple acetate binding pockets were identified in the stalk, which could correspond to putative ligand‐binding sites. By using various MytA mutants and complementary in vitro and in vivo approaches, we provide evidence that the C‐terminal LGFP domain interacts with the cell wall peptidoglycan‐arabinogalactan polymer. We also show that the C‐terminal LGFP domain is not required for the activity of MytA but rather contributes to the overall integrity of the cell envelope.
Nutritional challenges and countermeasures for space travel
Authors: Cahill T. , Hardiman G. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThere has been a reinvigoration of public interest in space exploration in what has been deemed the new space race, which aims to eventually take humans to Mars in the 2030s. This type of Earth‐independent deep space mission presents a multitude of challenges for providing astronauts with adequate nutrition, which are not currently posed by our presence in low earth orbit. For example, there are technical challenges associated with providing enough food with sufficient nutrient content, bioavailability and increased shelf life. Environmental stressors may also impact physiology and in turn affect nutritional status. Increased exposure of radiation, for example, causes changes in the gut and liver that might facilitate nutrient deficiency. Current or potential countermeasures for these challenges are explored including the use of bio‐regenerative systems such as growing crops or biomass, or inducing torpor to reduce nutritional needs. Additionally, the beneficial role of nutrients has also been explored for alleviating the harmful effects of spaceflight exposure. It is clear that such countermeasures will be necessary to maintain astronaut health during long‐duration missions to potentially counteract physiological stresses and to allow us to continue pushing the boundaries of space exploration.
Comparing apples and oranges or different types of citrus fruits? Using wearable versus stationary devices to analyze psychophysiological data
Authors: Konstantinou Pinelopi , Trigeorgi Andria , Georgiou Chryssis , Gloster Andrew T. , Panayiotou Georgia , Karekla Maria 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWearable devices capable of capturing psychophysiological signals are popular. However, such devices have, yet, to be established in experimental and clinical research. This study, therefore, compared psychophysiological data (skin conductance level (SCL), heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability (HRV)) captured with a wearable device (Microsoft band 2) to those of a stationary device (Biopac MP150), in an experimental pain induction paradigm. Additionally, the present study aimed to compare two analytical techniques of HRV psychophysiological data: traditional (i.e., peaks are detected and manually checked) versus automated analysis using Python programs. Forty‐three university students (86% female; Mage = 21.37 years) participated in the cold pressor pain induction task. Results showed that the majority of the correlations between the two devices for the mean HR were significant and strong (rs > .80) both during baseline and experimental phases. For the time‐domain measure of mean RR (function of autonomic influences) of HRV, the correlations between the two devices at baseline were almost perfect (rs = .99), whereas at the experimental phase were significantly strong (rs > .74). However, no significant correlations were found for mean SCL (p> .05). Additionally, automated analysis led to similar features for HRV stationary data as the traditional analysis. Implications for data collection include the establishment of a methodology to compare stationary to mobile devices and a new, more cost efficient way of collecting psychophysiological data. Implications for data analysis include analyzing the data faster, with less effort and allowing for large amounts of data to be recorded.
On the Environmental Embeddedness of Redneck Identity and Politics: The Original Redneck Fishin’ Tournament and Invasive Species in a Rural Community
Authors: Besek Jordan Fox , Cunningham Jeanine 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHere, we examine the environmental embeddedness of redneck identity and politics. To do so, we use data from 22 in‐depth, semi‐standardised interviews and participant observation from several rural Illinois River communities whose citizens have had to confront, interpret, and adapt to the arrival of Asian carp, an invasive species that has significantly altered life in the region. Moreover, some community members now organise the ‘Original Redneck Fishin’ Tournament’, an annual event geared toward challenging the continued invasion of Asian carp. We use this tournament as a window into the manner self‐identified redneck communities negotiate the co‐constitutive cultural, political, and material dynamism of local environmental relationships. Findings reveal a great diversity of nuanced ways a specifically redneck identity, politics, and environmental embeddedness build through each other, relationships that must be furthermore contextualised within broader socioenvironmental histories of state and urban interventions upon rural life.
Mitochondrial signalling is critical for acclimation and adaptation to flooding in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Meng Xiangxiang , Li Lu , Narsai Reena , De Clercq Inge , Whelan James , Berkowitz Oliver 
Published: February 2020

SUMMARYMitochondria have critical functions in the acclimation to abiotic and biotic stresses. Adverse environmental conditions lead to increased demands in energy supply and metabolic intermediates, which are provided by mitochondrial ATP production and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Mitochondria also play a role as stress sensors to adjust nuclear gene expression via retrograde signalling with the transcription factor (TF) ANAC017 and the kinase CDKE1 key components to integrate various signals into this pathway. To determine the importance of mitochondria as sensors of stress and their contribution in the tolerance to adverse growth conditions, a comparative phenotypical, physiological and transcriptomic characterisation of Arabidopsis mitochondrial signalling mutants (cdke1/rao1 and anac017/rao2) and a set of contrasting accessions was performed after applying the complex compound stress of submergence. Our results showed that impaired mitochondrial retrograde signalling leads to increased sensitivity to the stress treatments. The multi‐factorial approach identified a network of 702 co‐expressed genes, including several WRKY TFs, overlapping in the transcriptional responses in the mitochondrial signalling mutants and stress‐sensitive accessions. Functional characterisation of two WRKY TFs (WRKY40 and WRKY45), using both knockout and overexpressing lines, confirmed their role in conferring tolerance to submergence. Together, the results revealed that acclimation to submergence is dependent on mitochondrial retrograde signalling, and underlying transcriptional re‐programming is used as an adaptation mechanism.
Determination of the lateral extent of the subcutaneous wound bed in canine cadavers after closure of skin defects to replicate tumor excision
Authors: Cunningham Devin P. , Skinner Owen T. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the extent of subcutaneous involvement after primary closure of experimental skin defects.Study designExperimental study.AnimalsEight large, mixed breed dog cadavers.MethodsStandardized, circular skin defects with diameters of 2, 4, 6, or 8 cm were created at the lateral thorax or abdomen by using a matrix to ensure even distribution, with eight defects of each diameter. The wound beds were covered in 60% barium sulfate paste prior to primary closure. Computed tomography and a dedicated viewing program were used to measure the distance from the edge of the subcutaneous defect to the incision at set intervals along the incision.ResultsThe mean ± SD maximum lateral extension was 6.4 ± 1.9, 14.1 ± 4.9, 18.5 ± 6.9, and 26.0 ± 9.6 mm for 2‐, 4‐, 6‐, and 8‐cm defects, respectively. Extension >2 cm from the incision occurred in zero of eight, one of eight, five of eight, and six of eight defects after closure of 2‐, 4‐, 6‐, and 8‐cm defects, respectively. Extension >3 cm from the incision occurred in zero of eight, zero of eight, two of eight, and five of eight defects after closure of 2‐, 4‐, 6‐, and 8‐cm defects, respectively.ConclusionThe lateral extent of the subcutaneous wound bed extended past previously recommended revision margins of 2 to 3 cm in some defects measuring greater than 4 cm in diameter.Clinical significanceSurgeons and radiation oncologists should consider the potential extent of the subcutaneous defect when planning revision therapy, especially after large resections.