bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cannabis-derived cannabidiol and nanoselenium improve gut barrier function and affect bacterial enzyme activity in chickens subjected to C. perfringens challenge
Authors: Konieczka Paweł , Szkopek Dominika , Kinsner Misza , Fotschki Bartosz , Juśkiewicz Jerzy , Banach Joanna 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRevealing the multifocal mechanisms affecting cross-talk between Clostridium perfringens pathogenesis and the host response is an urgent need in the poultry industry. Herein, the activity of Cannabis sativa-derived cannabidiol (CBD) and selenium nanoparticles (Nano-Se) in modulating the host response to Clostridium perfringens challenge was investigated in broiler chickens subjected to a mild infection model. The infected chickens exhibited no clinical manifestations, confirming the potential hazard of pathogen transmission to the food chain in the commercial sector. However, both CBD and Nano-Se affected the responses of chickens to C. perfringens challenge. The beneficial actions of both agents were manifested in the upregulated expression of genes determining gut barrier function. Both CBD and Nano-Se promoted shifts in gut bacterial enzyme activity to increased energy uptake in challenged chickens and upregulated potential collagenase activity. There was no opposite effect of CBD and Nano-Se in mediating the host response to challenge, whereas an additive effect was evidenced on the upregulation of gene determining gut integrity. Collectively, these findings indicate that understanding the action mechanisms of CBD and Nano-Se is of great interest for developing a preventive strategy for C. perfringens infection in broilers.
Lrp4 in hippocampal astrocytes serves as a negative feedback factor in seizures
Authors: Yu Zheng , Zhang Meiying , Luo Bin , Jing Hongyang , Yu Yue , Wang Shunqi , Luo Shiwen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Epilepsy is characterized by the typical symptom of seizure, and anti-seizure medications are the main therapeutic method in clinical, but the effects of these therapy have not been satisfactory. To find a better treatment, it makes sense to further explore the regulatory mechanisms of seizures at genetic level. Lrp4 regionally expresses in mice hippocampus where is key to limbic epileptogenesis. It is well known that neurons release a high level of glutamate during seizures, and it has been reported that Lrp4 in astrocytes down-regulates glutamate released from neurons. However, it is still unclear whether there is a relationship between Lrp4 expression level and seizures, and whether Lrp4 plays a role in seizures.

Results
We found that seizures induced by pilocarpine decreased Lrp4 expression level and increased miR-351-5p expression level in mice hippocampus. Glutamate reduced Lrp4 expression and enhanced miR-351-5p expression in cultured hippocampal astrocytes, and these effects can be partially attenuated by AP5. Furthermore, miR-351-5p inhibitor lessened the reduction of Lrp4 expression in glutamate treated hippocampal astrocytes. Local reduction of Lrp4 in hippocampus by sh Lrp4 lentivirus injection in hippocampus increased the threshold of seizures in pilocarpine or pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) injected mice.

Conclusions
These results indicated that high released glutamate induced by seizures down-regulated astrocytic Lrp4 through increasing miR-351-5p in hippocampal astrocytes via activating astrocytic NMDA receptor, and locally reduction of Lrp4 in hippocampus increased the threshold of seizures. Lrp4 in hippocampal astrocytes appears to serve as a negative feedback factor in seizures. This provides a new potential therapeutic target for seizures regulation.
Named entity recognition for Chinese judgment documents based on BiLSTM and CRF
Authors: Huang Wenming , Hu Dengrui , Deng Zhenrong , Nie Jianyun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractChinese named entity recognition (CNER) in the judicial domain is an important and fundamental task in the analysis of judgment documents. However, only a few researches have been devoted to this task so far. For Chinese named entity recognition in judgment documents, we propose the use a bidirectional long-short-term memory (BiLSTM) model, which uses character vectors and sentence vectors trained by distributed memory model of paragraph vectors (PV-DM). The output of BiLSTM is used by conditional random field (CRF) to tag the input sequence. We also improved the Viterbi algorithm to increase the efficiency of the model by cutting the path with the lowest score. At last, a novel dataset with manual annotations is constructed. The experimental results on our corpus show that the proposed method is effective not only in reducing the computational time, but also in improving the effectiveness of named entity recognition in the judicial domain.
Dynamical analysis of a stochastic rumor-spreading model with Holling II functional response function and time delay
Authors: Huo Liang’an , Chen Xiaomin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWith the rapid development of information society, rumor plays an increasingly crucial part in social communication, and its spreading has a significant impact on human life. In this paper, a stochastic rumor-spreading model with Holling II functional response function considering the existence of time delay and the disturbance of white noise is proposed. Firstly, the existence of a unique global positive solution of the model is studied. Then the asymptotic behavior of the global solution around the rumor-free and rumor-local equilibrium nodes of the deterministic system is discussed. Finally, through some numerical results, the validity and availability of theoretical analysis is verified powerfully, and it shows that some factors such as the transmission rate, the intensity of white noise, and the time delay have significant relationship with the dynamical behavior of rumor spreading.
External stability and $H_{\infty }$ control of switching systems with delay and impulse
Authors: Ren Jiaojiao , Wu Cong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the external stability and$H_{\infty }$H∞control of switching systems with time-varying delay and impulse. First of all, a modified two-direction inequality (relation) between the switching numbers and the maximum, minimum dwell time is proposed. This new inequality is applied to proving the external stability of switching systems with delay and impulse consisting of subsystems with Hurwitz stable matrices of internal dynamics. By using this new inequality, a normal$L_{2}$L2norm constraint is derived rather than weighted$L_{2}$L2norm constraint. In addition, by a realizable switching law, the obtained result is extended to the switching systems comprised of subsystems with both Hurwitz stable and unstable matrices of internal dynamics. The results are finally applied to$H_{\infty }$H∞control and illustrated by a numerical example.
Theoretical and semi-analytical results to a biological model under Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo fractional derivative
Authors: Zeb Anwar , Nazir Ghazala , Shah Kamal , Alzahrani Ebraheem 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis manuscript is related to finding a solution of the SIR model under Mittag-Leffler type derivative. For the required results, we use Laplace transform together with Adomian decomposition method (LADM). The mentioned method is a powerful tool to deal with various linear and nonlinear problems of “fractional order differential equations (FODEs)”. Also, we study some results devoted to qualitative theory for the concerned model. Computational results show the verification of the established analysis. Briefly, we state that qualitative theory for the existence of solution is important to ensure whether the considered problem has a solution or not. Further ensuring the existence of solution, we investigate approximate solution which is computed in the form of infinite series. The results are graphically displayed to analyze the adopted procedure for solving nonlinear FODEs under ABC derivative.
Genetic selection for growth drives differences in intestinal microbiota composition and parasite disease resistance in gilthead sea bream
Authors: Piazzon M. Carla , Naya-Català Fernando , Perera Erick , Palenzuela Oswaldo , Sitjà-Bobadilla Ariadna , Pérez-Sánchez Jaume 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
The key effects of intestinal microbiota in animal health have led to an increasing interest in manipulating these bacterial populations to improve animal welfare. The aquaculture sector is no exception and in the last years, many studies have described these populations in different fish species. However, this is not an easy task, as intestinal microbiota is composed of very dynamic populations that are influenced by different factors, such as diet, environment, host age, and genetics. In the current study, we aimed to determine whether the genetic background of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) influences the intestinal microbial composition, how these bacterial populations are modulated by dietary changes, and the effect of selection by growth on intestinal disease resistance. To that aim, three different groups of five families of gilthead sea bream that were selected during two generations for fast, intermediate, or slow growth (F3 generation) were kept together in the same open-flow tanks and fed a control or a well-balanced plant-based diet during 9 months. Six animals per family and dietary treatment were sacrificed and the adherent bacteria from the anterior intestinal portion were sequenced. In parallel, fish of the fast- and slow-growth groups were infected with the intestinal parasite Enteromyxum leei and the disease signs, prevalence, intensity, and parasite abundance were evaluated.

Results
No differences were detected in alpha diversity indexes among families, and the core bacterial architecture was the prototypical composition of gilthead sea bream intestinal microbiota, indicating no dysbiosis in any of the groups. The plant-based diet significantly changed the microbiota in the intermediate- and slow-growth families, with a much lower effect on the fast-growth group. Interestingly, the smaller changes detected in the fast-growth families potentially accounted for more changes at the metabolic level when compared with the other families. Upon parasitic infection, the fast-growth group showed significantly lower disease signs and parasite intensity and abundance than the slow-growth animals.

Conclusions
These results show a clear genome-metagenome interaction indicating that the fast-growth families harbor a microbiota that is more flexible upon dietary changes. These animals also showed a better ability to cope with intestinal infections.
VALENCIA: a nearest centroid classification method for vaginal microbial communities based on composition
Authors: France Michael T. , Ma Bing , Gajer Pawel , Brown Sarah , Humphrys Michael S. , Holm Johanna B. , Waetjen L. Elaine , Brotman Rebecca M. , Ravel Jacques 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Taxonomic profiles of vaginal microbial communities can be sorted into a discrete number of categories termed community state types (CSTs). This approach is advantageous because collapsing a hyper-dimensional taxonomic profile into a single categorical variable enables efforts such as data exploration, epidemiological studies, and statistical modeling. Vaginal communities are typically assigned to CSTs based on the results of hierarchical clustering of the pairwise distances between samples. However, this approach is problematic because it complicates between-study comparisons and because the results are entirely dependent on the particular set of samples that were analyzed. We sought to standardize and advance the assignment of samples to CSTs.

Results
We developed VALENCIA (VAginaL community state typE Nearest CentroId clAssifier), a nearest centroid-based tool which classifies samples based on their similarity to a set of reference centroids. The references were defined using a comprehensive set of 13,160 taxonomic profiles from 1975 women in the USA. This large dataset allowed us to comprehensively identify, define, and characterize vaginal CSTs common to reproductive age women and expand upon the CSTs that had been defined in previous studies. We validated the broad applicability of VALENCIA for the classification of vaginal microbial communities by using it to classify three test datasets which included reproductive age eastern and southern African women, adolescent girls, and a racially/ethnically and geographically diverse sample of postmenopausal women. VALENCIA performed well on all three datasets despite the substantial variations in sequencing strategies and bioinformatics pipelines, indicating its broad application to vaginal microbiota. We further describe the relationships between community characteristics (vaginal pH, Nugent score) and participant demographics (race, age) and the CSTs defined by VALENCIA.

Conclusion
VALENCIA provides a much-needed solution for the robust and reproducible assignment of vaginal community state types. This will allow unbiased analysis of both small and large vaginal microbiota datasets, comparisons between datasets and meta-analyses that combine multiple datasets.
Patient descriptions of loss of control and eating episode size interact to influence expert diagnosis of ICD-11 binge-eating disorder
Authors: Berner Laura A. , Sysko Robyn , Rebello Tahilia J. , Roberto Christina A. , Pike Kathleen M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Although data suggest that the sense of “loss of control” (LOC) is the most salient aspect of binge eating, the definition of LOC varies widely across eating disorder assessments. The WHO ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines for binge eating do not require an objectively large amount of food, which makes accurate LOC diagnosis even more critical. However, it can be especially challenging to assess LOC in the context of elevated weight status and in the absence of compensatory behaviors. This ICD-11 field sub-study examined how descriptions of subjective experience during distressing eating episodes, in combination with different eating episode sizes, influence diagnoses of binge-eating disorder (BED).

Method
Mental health professionals with eating disorder expertise from WHO’s Global Clinical Practice Network (N = 192) participated in English, Japanese, and Spanish. Participants were asked to select the correct diagnosis for two randomly assigned case vignettes and to rate the clinical importance and ease of use of each BED diagnostic guideline.

Results
The presence of LOC interacted with episode size to predict whether a correct diagnostic conclusion was reached. If the amount consumed during a typical distressing eating episode was only subjectively large compared to objectively large, clinicians were 23.1 times more likely to miss BED than to correctly diagnose it, and they were 9.7 times more likely to incorrectly diagnose something else than to correctly diagnose BED. In addition, clinicians were 10.8 times more likely to make a false positive diagnosis of BED when no LOC was described if the episode was objectively large. Descriptions of LOC that were reliably associated with correct diagnoses across episodes sizes included two that are similar to those already included in proposed ICD-11 guidelines and a third that is not. This third description of LOC focuses on giving up attempts to control eating because perceived overeating feels inevitable.

Conclusions
Results highlight the importance of detailed clarification of the LOC construct in future guidelines. Explicitly distinguishing LOC from distressing and mindless overeating could help promote consistent and accurate diagnosis of BED versus another or no eating disorder.
Assessment of the psychosocial and economic impact according to sex in non-small cell lung cancer patients: an exploratory longitudinal study
Authors: Viñolas N. Nuria , Garcia-Campelo Rosario , Majem Margarita , Carcereny Enric , Isla Dolores , Gonzalez-Larriba José Luis , Coves Juan , De-Castro Javier , Domine Manuel , Lianes Piar , Artal Angel , Remon Jordi , Felip Enriqueta , Garrido Pilar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Little is known about the impact of sex on lung cancer patients from the psychological, economic and social perspectives. This study was designed to explore the psychosocial and economic impact according to sex of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) in patients and caregivers.

Methods
Exploratory study of two cohorts of patients starting first-line treatment for mNSCLC. The following questionnaires were administered at baseline, 4 months later and following the first and second disease progression: APGAR, relationship impact scale, DUKE-UNC scale, economic impact in patients and caregiver, and Zarit scale. It was planned to include 1250 patients to get an 80% possibility of detecting as significant (p < 0.05) effect sizes less than 0.19 between men and women. Univariate comparisons were made between the tests applied to men and women. Overall survival was estimated with Kaplan–Meier method. Cox analyses were done to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CI.

Results
333 patients were included. Most families reported to continue being functional despite the lung cancer diagnosis. Regardless of sex, they did not perceive changes in their partner relationship. Most patients felt their social support was normal. Roughly 25% of people reported a worsening in their economic situation, without remarkable differences by sex. Statistically significant differences were found between both groups regarding the caregiver’s relationship to the patient (more parents were the caregiver in females than in males, p < 0.0001) and the caregiver’s employment situation (more employed caregivers in females) (p < 0.0001). Most caregivers of both sexes considered that taking care of their relative did not pose a significant burden.

Conclusions
This study provides a preliminary insight into sex-related characteristics in the management of advanced NSCLC and its impact on the emotional, social and economic burden of patients and their caregivers, and recall the high priority of researching in cancer from a sex perspective. Nevertheless, due to the low recruitment rate and the relevant loss of patients during the follow-up, it was difficult to find differences by sex.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02336061.

Ethics committee
Comité Ético de Investigación Clínica del Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain. Reference number: HCB/2014/0705.
Adult onset pan-neuronal human tau tubulin kinase 1 expression causes severe cerebellar neurodegeneration in mice
Authors: McMillan Pamela , Wheeler Jeanna , Gatlin Rachel E. , Taylor Laura , Strovas Tim , Baum Misa , Bird Thomas D. , Latimer Caitlin , Keene C. Dirk , Kraemer Brian C. , Liachko Nicole F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe kinase TTBK1 is predominantly expressed in the central nervous system and has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis through its ability to phosphorylate the proteins tau and TDP-43. Mutations in the closely related gene TTBK2 cause spinocerebellar ataxia, type 11. However, it remains unknown whether altered TTBK1 activity alone can drive neurodegeneration. In order to characterize the consequences of neuronal TTBK1 upregulation in adult brains, we have generated a transgenic mouse model with inducible pan-neuronal expression of human TTBK1. We find that these inducible TTBK1 transgenic mice (iTTBK1 Tg) exhibit motor and cognitive phenotypes, including decreased grip strength, hyperactivity, limb-clasping, and spatial memory impairment. These behavioral phenotypes occur in conjunction with progressive weight loss, neuroinflammation, and severe cerebellar degeneration with Purkinje neuron loss. Phenotype onset begins weeks after TTBK1 induction, culminating in average mortality around 7 weeks post induction. The iTTBK1 Tg animals lack any obvious accumulation of pathological tau or TDP-43, indicating that TTBK1 expression drives neurodegeneration in the absence of detectable pathological protein deposition. In exploring TTBK1 functions, we identified the autophagy related protein GABARAP to be a novel interacting partner of TTBK1 and show that GABARAP protein levels increase in the brain following induction of TTBK1. These iTTBK1 Tg mice exhibit phenotypes reminiscent of spinocerebellar ataxia, and represent a new model of cerebellar neurodegeneration.
Retinal capillary degeneration and blood-retinal barrier disruption in murine models of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Shi Haoshen , Koronyo Yosef , Fuchs Dieu-Trang , Sheyn Julia , Wawrowsky Kolja , Lahiri Shouri , Black Keith L. , Koronyo-Hamaoui Maya 
Published: November 2020

AbstractExtensive effort has been made studying retinal pathology in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) to improve early noninvasive diagnosis and treatment. Particularly relevant are vascular changes, which appear prominent in early brain pathogenesis and could predict cognitive decline. Recently, we identified platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) deficiency and pericyte loss associated with vascular Aβ deposition in the neurosensory retina of mild cognitively impaired (MCI) and AD patients. However, the pathological mechanisms of retinal vascular changes and their possible relationships with vascular amyloidosis, pericyte loss, and blood-retinal barrier (BRB) integrity remain unknown. Here, we evaluated the retinas of transgenic APPSWE/PS1ΔE9 mouse models of AD (ADtg mice) and wild-type mice at different ages for capillary degeneration, PDGFRβ expression, vascular amyloidosis, permeability and inner BRB tight-junction molecules. Using a retinal vascular isolation technique followed by periodic acid-Schiff or immunofluorescent staining, we discovered significant retinal capillary degeneration in ADtg mice compared to age- and sex-matched wild-type mice (P < 0.0001). This small vessel degeneration reached significance in 8-month-old mice (P = 0.0035), with males more susceptible than females. Degeneration of retinal capillaries also progressively increased with age in healthy mice (P = 0.0145); however, the phenomenon was significantly worse during AD-like progression (P = 0.0001). A substantial vascular PDGFRβ deficiency (~ 50% reduction, P = 0.0017) along with prominent vascular Aβ deposition was further detected in the retina of ADtg mice, which inversely correlated with the extent of degenerated capillaries (Pearson’s r = − 0.8, P = 0.0016). Importantly, tight-junction alterations such as claudin-1 downregulation and increased BRB permeability, demonstrated in vivo by retinal fluorescein imaging and ex vivo following injection of FITC-dextran (2000 kD) and Texas Red-dextran (3 kD), were found in ADtg mice. Overall, the identification of age- and Alzheimer’s-dependent retinal capillary degeneration and compromised BRB integrity starting at early disease stages in ADtg mice could contribute to the development of novel targets for AD diagnosis and therapy.