bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association of Self-Reported Muscle-Strengthening Activities With Carotid Intima–Media Thickness in Older Adults: Cooper Center Longitudinal Study
Authors: Lee Joowon , Chen Baojiang , Kohl Harold W. , Barlow Carolyn E. , Lee Chong Do , Radford Nina B. , DeFina Laura F. , Gabriel Kelley P. 
Published: December 2019

The purpose of the current investigation was to examine the cross-sectional associations of participation in muscle-strengthening activities (MSAs) with carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT) among older adults. The data are from 2,557 older adult participants enrolled in an observational cohort who reported no history of cardiovascular disease. MSA was determined using a questionnaire. Carotid ultrasound was performed to measure the CIMT of the common carotid artery bilaterally. Logistic regression models were constructed to estimate the association of MSA with CIMT after adjustment for potential confounders. The participants were aged 68.6 ± 7.0 years, and the majority were male (71.7%) and White (96.5%); 18% had abnormal CIMT. Meeting the physical activity guidelines for MSA was inversely associated with abnormal CIMT after adjustment for age and sex. However, this observed inverse relation became statistically null after further adjustment for cardiovascular disease risk factors, including aerobic physical activity.
Healthcare utilisation in children with SMA type 1 treated with nusinersen: a single centre retrospective review
Authors: Ali Imran , Gilchrist Francis J , Carroll William D , Alexander John , Clayton Sadie , Kulshrestha Richa , Willis Tracey , Samuels Martin 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundNusinersen has been used to treat spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (SMA1) in the UK since 2017. While initial trials showed neuromuscular benefit from treating SMA1, there is little information on the respiratory effects of nusinersen. We aimed to look at the respiratory care, hospital utilisation and associated costs in newly treated SMA1.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of all children within the West Midlands with SMA1 treated with nusinersen at Royal Stoke University Hospital. Baseline demographics and hospital admission data were collected including: the reason for admission, total hospital days, days of critical care, days intubated, discharge diagnosis, doses of nusinersen and treatment complications.Results11 children (six girls) received nusinersen between May 2017 and April 2019. Their median (range) age was 29 (7–97) months. The median (range) number of nusinersen doses per child was 6 (4–8). All children were receiving long-term ventilatory support; this was mask ventilation in nine and tracheostomy ventilation in two. The total number of hospital days since diagnosis was 1101 with a median (range) of 118 (7–235) days per child. This included general paediatric ward days 0 (0–63), High Dependency Unit 79 (7–173) days and Paediatric Intensive Care Unit 13 (0–109) days per child. This equated to a median (range) of 20 (2–72) % of their life in hospital. The estimated cost of this care was £2.2M.ConclusionPatients with SMA1 treated with nusinersen initially spend a considerable proportion of their early life in hospital. Parents should be counselled accordingly. These data suggest that for every 10 children started on nusinersen an extra HDU bed is required. This has a significant cost implication.
UK perspective on the changing landscape of non-invasive cardiac testing
Authors: Asher Alex , Ghelani Rahul , Thornton George , Rathod Krishnaraj , Jones Daniel , Wragg Andrew , Timmis Adam 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveTo document UK rates of exercise treadmill testing, functional stress testing and CT coronary angiography (CTCA). Specific aims were to determine how rates have changed in the context of changing guideline recommendations within the UK and to identify regional inequalities in the utilisation of testing modalities. Secondary objectives were to compare these trends with national data on revascularisation.Methods159 acute National Health Service trusts were served Freedom of Information (FOI) requests to provide total numbers of CTCA and functional imaging tests for each financial year from 2011–2012 to 2016–2017.ResultsThe FOI requests yielded data from 88% of Trusts, increasing from 81.9% in 2011–2012% to 92.1% in 2016–2017. Exercise treadmill tests (ETTs) were performed by over 97% of Trusts. ETT was the most commonly performed diagnostic test in the UK across the study period despite declining by 8.4%. Utilisation of non-invasive stress imaging tests increased by 80.9% during the same period. Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and stress echocardiography increased by 25.8% and 73.9%, respectively. The 268% increase in CTCA scans was yet greater. Trends in test utilisation during the study period showed important regional differences between devolved nations. Comparably, only small changes in rates of invasive coronary angiography and revascularisation have been reported during the study period.ConclusionNon-invasive imaging in UK Trusts has increased substantially since 2010 with only a small decline in use of the ETT and minimal changes in rates of invasive coronary angiography and revascularisation in the same time period.
风景在他乡?
Authors: 林 平 
Published: December 2019

由于生产成本提升, 台湾自1980年代起就有传统产业及相关从业人员迁移至中国大陆或东南亚. 当不少研究关注台湾产业及从业人员在中国大陆的发展时, 却少有研究关注东南亚的现况. 随着中国大陆经济崛起, 世界各地的 "华人新移民" 也成为关注重点, 本研究 "雅加达的台湾人" 刚好是 "台湾海外移民", 也是东南亚国家 "华人新移民" 研究的重要基础. 本研究是以笔者2015–2017年在雅加达进行的田野调查为基础，再加上其他相关数据分析后完成。藉由对不同背景当事人的访谈及参与观察，笔者发现大部分当事人迁居前都属于小市民或中产阶级，生活虽稳定但不富裕。他们迁居印尼后，由于两地相关产业的发展落差，自己有限的资本或专业技术更受重视，进而占有更高的社经地位，获得在台湾无法得到的物质生活。然而这些相对优渥的物质生活，却也使大部分当事人的社交生活都集中在当地的台湾人社群，与印尼当地社会有一段距离。只有少数年轻的迁移者，将印尼的发展视为未来可能的人生方向。 本文显示，跨国迁移并不仅限于前往先进国家的劳工移民，也有可能是前往后进国家的优势移民。透过前往后进国家，迁移者虽然快速提升社会地位，却不愿意在当地安身立命。这种特殊的迁移模式，可以做为未来检视台湾海外移民在其他国家的发展，或东南亚华人新移民研究的参考。
What Took You So Long? A Public Health Approach to Mitigate the Delayed Childbearing
Authors: Vichinsartvichai Patsama , Limvorapitux Pawan , Traipak Khanitta 
Published: December 2019

Background: The delayed childbearing has doubled in prevalence during the last decade. It affects reproductive health, population distribution and economy. We use the public health approach to survey among women aged at least 35 years seeking fertility treatment. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire-based survey was conducted in women aged at least 35 years attending an infertility clinic in a university hospital. The questionnaire consisted of background information and three domains: (1) reasons for delayed childbearing, (2) required social policy incentives, and (3) acceptability toward infertility treatment. Each domain was scored from ‘5 — most important’ to ‘1 — least important’. Results: A total of 590 women (median age 38.0 years) were recruited; 86.4% of them held at least a bachelor degree and 93.2% had higher income than Thailand’s GDP per capita. They thought that the most appropriate age to have the first child was 28.7 years. The top three reasons for delayed childbearing were “I need more financial security”, “no spouse”, and “I need progress on my career”. The participants thought that “paid paternity leave”, “increase paid maternity leave”, and “good quality childcare” were essential for them to make an earlier fertility decision. The most acceptable infertility treatments were IUI, IVF/ICSI, and social oocyte banking. Conclusions: Women who delayed childbearing focus on financial and career security or finding the proper partner before fertility decision making. However, they have greater concerns over family welfare than money when it comes to domestic issues. The social policy and the related fertility treatment should adapt to serve the needs of the people and promote national fertility rate.
Monocytes prime autoreactive T cells after myocardial infarction
Authors: DeBerge Matthew , Yu Shuangjin , Dehn Shirley , Ifergan Igal , Yeap Xin Yi , Filipp Mallory , Becker Amanda , Luo Xunrong , Miller Stephen , Thorp Edward B. 
Published: December 2019

In humans, loss of central tolerance for the cardiac self-antigen α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC) leads to circulation of cardiac autoreactive T cells and renders the heart susceptible to autoimmune attack after acute myocardial infarction (MI). MI triggers profound tissue damage, releasing danger signals and self-antigen by necrotic cardiomyocytes, which lead to recruitment of inflammatory monocytes. We hypothesized that excessive inflammation by monocytes contributes to the initiation of adaptive immune responses to cardiac self-antigen. Using an experimental model of MI in α-MHC-mCherry reporter mice, which specifically express mCherry in cardiomyocytes, we detected α-MHC antigen in myeloid cells in the heart-draining mediastinal lymph node (MLN) 7 days after MI. To test whether monocytes were required for cardiac self-antigen trafficking to the MLN, we blocked monocyte recruitment with a C-C motif chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) antagonist or immune modifying nanoparticles (IMP). Blockade of monocyte recruitment reduced α-MHC antigen detection in the MLN after MI. Intramyocardial injection of the model antigen ovalbumin into OT-II transgenic mice demonstrated the requirement for monocytes in antigen trafficking and T-cell activation in the MLN. Finally, in nonobese diabetic mice, which are prone to postinfarction autoimmunity, blockade of monocyte recruitment reduced α-MHC-specific responses leading to improved tissue repair and ventricular function 28 days after MI. Taken together, these data support a role for monocytes in the onset of pathological cardiac autoimmunity following MI and suggest that therapeutic targeting of monocytes may mitigate postinfarction autoimmunity in humans. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study newly identifies a role for inflammatory monocytes in priming an autoimmune T-cell response after myocardial infarction. Select inhibition of monocyte recruitment to the infarct prevents trafficking of cardiac self-antigen and activation of cardiac myosin reactive T cells in the heart-draining lymph node. Therapeutic targeting of inflammatory monocytes may limit autoimmune responses to improve cardiac remodeling and preserve left ventricular function after myocardial infarction.
Inhibition of MDR1 Overcomes Resistance to Brentuximab Vedotin in Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Chen Robert , Herrera Alex F. , Hou Jessie , Chen Lu , Wu Jun , Guo Yuming , Synold Timothy W. , Ngo Vu N. , Puverel Sandrine , Mei Matthew , Popplewell Leslie , Yi Shuhua , Song Joo Y. , Tao Shu , Wu Xiwei , Chan Wing C. , Forman Stephen J. , Kwak Larry W. , Rosen Steven T. , Newman Edward M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
In classical Hodgkin lymphoma, the malignant Reed–Sternberg cells express the cell surface marker CD30. Brentuximab vedotin is an antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) that selectively delivers a potent cytotoxic agent, monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), to CD30-positive cells. Although brentuximab vedotin elicits a high response rate (75%) in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma, most patients who respond to brentuximab vedotin eventually develop resistance.

Patients and Methods:
We developed two brentuximab vedotin–resistant Hodgkin lymphoma cell line models using a pulsatile approach and observed that resistance to brentuximab vedotin is associated with an upregulation of multidrug resistance-1 (MDR1). We then conducted a phase I trial combining brentuximab vedotin and cyclosporine A (CsA) in patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma.

Results:
Here, we show that competitive inhibition of MDR1 restored sensitivity to brentuximab vedotin in our brentuximab vedotin–resistant cell lines by increasing intracellular MMAE levels, and potentiated brentuximab vedotin activity in brentuximab vedotin–resistant Hodgkin lymphoma tumors in a human xenograft mouse model. In our phase I trial, the combination of brentuximab vedotin and CsA was tolerable and produced an overall and complete response rate of 75% and 42% in a population of patients who were nearly all refractory to brentuximab vedotin.

Conclusions:
This study may provide a new therapeutic strategy to combat brentuximab vedotin resistance in Hodgkin lymphoma. This is the first study reporting an effect of multidrug resistance modulation on the therapeutic activity of an ADC in humans. The expansion phase of the trial is ongoing and enrolling patients who are refractory to brentuximab vedotin to confirm clinical activity in this population with unmet need.
Poland as a Great Borderland in a Post-Soviet World: Poetical Point of View
Authors: Vorontsova Kristina 
Published: December 2019

Poland as a Great Borderland in a Post-Soviet World: Poetical Point of ViewThis paper seeks to examine the characteristics of the literary space of Poland, which occupied a middle position between the West and the USSR, with particular attention to the mechanisms of representation of Poland as a great borderland in light of the catastrophes of the 20th century. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, narratives have changed but the main concept of “Poland as a Great Borderland” still remains. While absorbing traditional elements, poetry in the post Soviet world uses new tools like “camp” to depict the liminality and carnival nature of the country. Alexander Anashevich’s poems are analysed as a vivid example of contemporary perceptions of this centuries-long intercultural practice. Польша как «большая граница» в постсоветском мире: поэтический взглядВ данной статье анализируются устойчивые характеристики художественного пространства Польши, которая занимала позицию медиатора между Западом и СССР. Особое внимание уделяется механизмам репрезентации Польши как пограничной территории в свете катастроф ХХ века. С распадом Советского Союза изменились нарративы, однако главный концепт «Польша как Большая граница» всё ещё остаётся неизменным. Ориентируясь на традиционные элементы, поэзия в постсоветском мире использует новые инструменты, такие как Камп, чтобы адекватно отражать лиминальную и карнавальную природу страны. Стихи Александра Анашевича в данном контексте анализируются как яркий пример современного понимания многовековых межкультурных практик. Polska jako „Wielkie Pogranicze” w przestrzeni postradzieckiej. Poetycki punkt widzenia.Artykuł ma na celu zbadanie cech przestrzeni kulturowej Polski, która swego czasu odbierana była jako ta, zajmująca pozycję mediatora pomiędzy Zachodem a ZSRR. W artykule przede wszystkim kładzie się nacisk na zbadanie mechanizmów reprezentacji Polski jako „Wielkiego Pogranicza” w świetle katastrof XX wieku. Od czasu rozpadu Związku Radzieckiego narracje uległy zmianie, ale koncepcja „Polski jako Wielkiego Pogranicza” nadal pozostaje aktualna. Choć poezja w przestrzeni postradzieckiej wciąż zwrócona jest przede wszystkim w stronę tradycyjnych dla niej form, to coraz częściej sięga ona po nowe estetyczne rozwiązania, takie jak np. Kamp, aby wskazać na liminalny i karnawałowy charakter polskiej przestrzeni kulturowej. Wiersze Aleksandra Anaszkiewicza są w artykule analizowane jako żywy przykład współczesnej percepcji tych wielowiekowych interkulturowych praktyk.
Fictional Truth, i.e. the Biographies of Literary Heroines. Book Review: Katarzyna Szumlewicz (2017). "Miłość i ekonomia w literackich biografiach kobiet". Warszawa: IBL PAN
Authors: Gać Agata 
Published: December 2019

Fictional Truth, i.e. the Biographies of Literary Heroines. Book Review: Katarzyna Szumlewicz (2017). Miłość i ekonomia w literackich biografiach kobiet. Warszawa: IBL PANThis review of Love and Economics in Women's Literary Biographies by Katarzyna Szumlewicz focuses on the major issues and social functions of the theses presented in the book. Fikcyjna prawda, czyli o biografiach bohaterek literackich. Recenzja książki: Katarzyna Szumlewicz (2017). Miłość i ekonomia w literackich biografiach kobiet. Warszawa: IBL PANArtykuł jest recenzją książki Miłość i ekonomia w literackich biografiach kobiet Katarzyny Szumlewicz, w którym skupiono się na głównych założeniach oraz funkcjach społecznych zaprezentowanych twierdzeń w publikacji.
Marginal Stability of the Convective Boundary Layer
Authors: Thuburn John , Efstathiou Georgios A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe hypothesize that the convective atmospheric boundary layer is marginally stable when the damping effects of turbulence are taken into account. If the effects of turbulence are modeled as an eddy viscosity and diffusivity, then an idealized analysis based on the hypothesis predicts a well-known scaling for the magnitude of the eddy viscosity and diffusivity. It also predicts that the marginally stable modes should have vertical and horizontal scales comparable to the boundary layer depth. A more quantitative numerical linear stability analysis is presented for a realistic convective boundary layer potential temperature profile and is found to support the hypothesis.
Illustrative Analysis of Probabilistic Sea Level Rise Hazard
Authors: Thomas Matthew A. , Lin Ting 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSea level rise results from several contributing physical processes, including ocean thermal expansion and glacier and ice sheet mass loss. Future projections of sea level remain highly uncertain due to several sources of aleatory and epistemic uncertainty. Quantifying different sources of sea level rise involves considering possible pathways of future radiative forcing and integrating models of different sea level rise processes. The probabilistic hazard analysis strategy has been proposed for combining sea level rise prediction models and climate forcing scenarios to examine sea level rise prediction uncertainty and the sources of this uncertainty. In this study we carry out an illustrative probabilistic sea level rise hazard analysis using ensembles of sea level rise predictions and emissions scenarios from the literature. This illustrative analysis allows us to estimate the probability that sea level rise will exceed a specified threshold at a given location and time and highlights how sea level rise uncertainty is sensitive to scenario inputs and sea level rise projection modeling choices. Probabilistic hazard is depicted for Earth using sea level rise hazard maps. We also demonstrate how hazard deaggregation can help us quantify the relative contributions of sea level rise sources, prediction models, and climate forcing scenarios to sea level rise hazard. The ice sheet contribution to sea level rise has a large impact on probabilistic projection of sea level rise due to the disagreements between current ice sheet models related to differences in modeling ice sheet instability.
Atmospheric River Reconnaissance Observation Impact in the Navy Global Forecast System
Authors: Stone Rebecca E. , Reynolds Carolyn A. , Doyle James D. , Langland Rolf H. , Baker Nancy L. , Lavers David A. , Ralph F. Martin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Atmospheric rivers, often associated with impactful weather along the west coast of North America, can be a challenge to forecast even on short time scales. This is attributed, at least in part, to the scarcity of eastern Pacific in situ observations. We examine the impact of assimilating dropsonde observations collected during the Atmospheric River (AR) Reconnaissance 2018 field program on the Navy Global Environmental Model (NAVGEM) analyses and forecasts. We compare NAVGEM’s representation of the ARs to the observations, and examine whether the observation–background difference statistics are similar to the observation error variance specified in the data assimilation system. Forecast sensitivity observation impact is determined for each dropsonde variable, and compared to the impacts of the North American radiosonde network. We find that the reconnaissance soundings have significant beneficial impact, with per observation impact more than double that of the North American radiosonde network. Temperature and wind observations have larger total and per observation impact than moisture observations. In our experiment, the 24-h global forecast error reduction from the reconnaissance soundings can be comparable to the reduction from the North American radiosonde network for the field program dates that include at least two flights.
Oral Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors block activation of the platelet Fc receptor CD32a (FcγRIIA): a new option in HIT?
Authors: Goldmann Luise , Duan Rundan , Kragh Thorsten , Wittmann Georg , Weber Christian , Lorenz Reinhard , von Hundelshausen Philipp , Spannagl Michael , Siess Wolfgang 
Published: December 2019

Key PointsSix different BTKi’s blocked platelet activation in blood after FcγRIIA stimulation by cross-linking, anti-CD9 antibodies, or HIT serum. Established oral irreversible and novel reversible BTKi’s may offer a new option to treat HIT.
Case-based discussion on the implications of exogenous estrogens in hemostasis and thrombosis: the hematologist’s view
Authors: Ragni Margaret V. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the childbearing years, hormonal therapy or hormonal changes in the menstrual cycle or the puerperium may be complicated by bleeding or thrombosis; however, among women with congenital disorders of hemostasis and thrombosis, the risk of bleeding or thrombosis may be increased. In women with congenital bleeding disorders, heavy menstrual bleeding is the most common bleeding symptom, and postpartum hemorrhage occurs despite treatment. Given the limitations of current therapy and the associated medical and psychological burden in women with bleeding disorders, better treatment approaches are needed to improve health outcomes and quality of life. In women with congenital thrombotic disorders, thromboembolism may complicate exogenous hormonal therapy and endogenous hormonal change during pregnancy and procedures, but risk differs by type of thrombophilia, procedure, time at risk, and thrombosis risk factors, all of which affect management. In this article, I shall consider a case-based discussion of current issues in women with congenital bleeding and clotting disorders, including heavy menstrual bleeding in a woman with VWD, postpartum hemorrhage risk in VWD, and thrombosis risk with oocyte retrieval in a woman with factor V Leiden and past thromboembolism. The goals are to review bleeding or thrombosis risk in these cases, current data, limitations of current treatment guidelines, and areas for future study.