bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of the microplasma spraying of biocompatible coating of titanium
Authors: ALONTSEVA D.L. , GHASSEMIEH E. , VOINAROVYCH S. , RUSSAKOVA A. , KYSLYTSIA O. , POLOVETSKYI Y. , TOXANBAYEVA A. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThis paper presents new results of studying the influence of parameters of microplasma spraying (MPS) of Ti wire on the structure and properties of Ti coatings. Based on the design of the experiment and the results of the SEM study, certain spraying modes were chosen to form the desired composition and structure of the Ti coating. The dense sublayer (up to 300 µm thick) provides good adhesion to the substrate, and a porous top layer can accelerate the coated implant ingrowth with the bone. This technology is developed for the manufacture of coated endoprosthesis implants.
Family Relationships During Adolescence and Stepchilden's Educational Attainment in Young Adulthood
Authors: King Valarie , Pragg Brianne , Lindstrom Rachel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines how the quality of family relationships in stepfamilies during adolescence are associated with stepchildren's 4‐year college attendance in young adulthood.BackgroundOn average, college attendance is lower for youth in stepfamilies when compared with those living with two biological parents, but many children thrive and attain high levels of education despite the risks associated with stepfamily formation. The role of parents is central to understanding youths' educational attainment, but studies have not examined how adolescents' relationships with each of their parents in stepfamilies are related to college attendance.MethodThis study uses a sample of 881 respondents who were in stable stepfamilies from Wave 1 to Wave 3 of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate both the direct and indirect pathways from family relationships at Wave 1 to young adults' college attendance at Wave 3.ResultsBoth higher quality stepfather–child relationships and nonresident father–child relationships were positively associated with young adults' college attendance. Mother–child relationship quality was not associated with college attendance.ConclusionMaintaining children's ties to nonresident fathers after parental separation and fostering close ties to stepfathers when mothers repartner may have long‐term positive consequences for youths' educational attainment. The findings also suggest an important need for future research to examine children's relationships with each of their parents to better understand youth outcomes in stepfamilies.
Revisiting the neuroticism – performance link: A dynamic approach to individual differences
Authors: Sosnowska Joanna , Hofmans Joeri , de Fruyt Filip 
Published: December 2019

In the present paper, the relationship between neuroticism and supervisory ratings of performance is examined using a dynamic approach to personality. This approach integrates both within‐ and between‐person differences by looking at individual differences in baseline neuroticism, neuroticism variability and neuroticism attractor strength. Our findings showed that baseline neuroticism related to lower supervisory ratings of performance, and that a high level of baseline neuroticism is particularly detrimental for people who fail to return to their baseline swiftly. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that adopting a more integrative, dynamic approach to personality has the potential to contribute to a better understanding of the personality–performance relationship.Practitioner points

How employees’ performance is perceived by their supervisors not only depends on between‐person differences in employees’ average level of neuroticism, but also on the extent to which their state neuroticism levels vary

Assessing personality dynamics has the potential to contribute to a better understanding of the candidate’s personality

Managers should take into account that the impact of baseline personality on performance depends on how deviations from the baseline are regulated.
Anatomical, biochemical and transcriptome analyses of Vitis vinifera cv. 'Hongju' reveal novel information regarding the seed hardness of stenospermocarpic soft‐seed grapes
Authors: Yim Bomi , Mun Jeong‐Hwan , Park Soo Hyun , Shim Hye Rim , Kim Jun‐Hyuk , Hur Youn Young , Yu Hee‐Ju 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe breeding of new stenospermocarpic seedless grape cultivars is of particular importance to the growing table grape market and grape processing industry. However, the developmental and genetic architectures of soft‐seed and seedlessness traits are unclear. In this study, we performed anatomical, histochemical and gene expression analyses to characterize the morphological and genetic basis of the seed hardness of 'Hongju', a stenospermocarpic soft‐seed grape cultivar developed by crossbreeding maternal 'Italia' and paternal 'Perlon' cultivars. We found intensively lignified medium integument layers in the seeds of hard‐seed cultivars, but these layers were degraded in the stenospermocarpic seedless cultivars beginning 35 days after flowering. The expression of genes related to the lignin and cellulose biosynthesis pathways was downregulated, whereas that of several cell‐wall loosening‐related genes was upregulated in 'Hongju' compared with 'Italia' beginning at 21 days after flowering. These results suggest that transcriptional suppression of the lignin and cellulose biosynthesis pathways coupled with reduced formation of medium integument plays an important role in the development of soft seeds in stenospermocarpic seedless grape cultivars.
Educating children through their parents to prevent child sexual abuse in Turkey
Authors: Apaydın Cırık Vildan , Efe Emine , Velipaşaoğlu Sevtap 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeThe aims of this study were to train parents to recognize and prevent child sexual abuse (CSA); evaluate the problems encountered by parents; and evaluate the overall effectiveness of the CSA training program.Design and MethodsThe study used a pretest/posttest design. The study was conducted with a sample of 58 children (aged 3‐6 years) and 64 parents.FindingsChildren who received CSA prevention education from their parents demonstrated improved knowledge about private parts and about what they should do if they suspect sexual abuse. The parents stated that they encountered some problems (other family members objected to the child being given such training).Practise ImplicationsChildren's risk of abuse may be reduced if their parents teach them about CSA correctly.
Determinants of Firm‐Level Lobbying and Government Responsiveness in Agricultural Biotechnology in China
Authors: Deng Haiyan , Hu Ruifa , Pray Carl , Jin Yanhong , Li Zhonghua 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUnderstanding what stimulates agribusiness firms to lobby the government and what makes the government responsive to lobbying are the two issues that have been discussed extensively in the debates concerning determinants of biotechnology policy. This paper examines the factors influencing agribusiness firms' lobbying and government response using econometric modeling on a new data set of 160 leading agribusiness firms in the food, feed, chemical, and seed industries in China. The results show that approximately 10% of agribusiness firms lobbied the government about biotechnology policy and regulations and over half of those that lobbied received a verbal or written acknowledgment from government agencies. Seed and feed companies are more likely to engage in lobbying than chemical companies. Owning GM patents not only has a positive impact on firms' lobbying activities, but firms with these patents are more likely to receive a government response to their lobbying efforts. The experience of selling GM products does not significantly influence lobbying activities or response from the government.
Prospective Investigation of the Interaction Between Social Problems and Neuropsychological Characteristics on the Development of Suicide Ideation
Authors: McManimen Stephanie , Wong Maria M. 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveNegative social interactions are known to contribute to the development of suicide ideation. However, it is unclear how this risk factor interacts with other predisposing risk factors. The purpose of this study was to determine how social and neuropsychological factors interact as a prospective predictor of the emergence of suicide ideation in adolescents.MethodData were collected from adolescents (M age = 13.12, SD = 1.48) over 3 years as part of a larger study. Participants completed the MINI‐Kid and Youth Self‐Report, which were used to assess for suicidality. Negative social interactions were operationalized as the Social Problems scale of the YSR. Additionally, adolescents completed a neuropsychological battery at each wave of data collection.ResultsLogistic moderation analyses demonstrated a significant interaction between task switching and endorsement of negative social interactions in the prediction of suicide ideation one year later, Wald χ2(1) = 4.94, OR = 0.90, p < .05. Distractibility was a significant predictor, Wald χ2(1) = 5.52, OR = 3.45, p < .05, but it did not demonstrate an interaction effect. Perseveration failed to reach statistical significance independently and in the interaction.ConclusionsThe results indicate that certain neuropsychological characteristics can aid in predicting which adolescents will develop suicide ideation in the presence of negative social interactions, which may have significant clinical implications.
What's love got to do with it? Passion and inequality in white‐collar work
Authors: Rao Aliya Hamid , Tobias Neely Megan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEmotion has become an increasingly important aspect of work in the 21st century. In this article, we take stock of the extant literature delineating the role of emotions, especially passion as a cultural schema, in white‐collar workplaces. Scholars have covered extensive ground on emotions at work, but the role of passion remains an underexplored yet significant area. Drawing from recent developments in research on white‐collar work, we argue that the passion schema has become a critical marker in the labor market for sorting individuals into occupations, hiring and promotion within organizations, and assigning value to people's labor. Emergent research suggests that because the expression and perception of passion remain ambiguously defined in the workplace and varies by context, it is pivotal in reproducing social inequalities. In this review, we focus on how privileging passion in the workplace and interpreting it as a measure of aptitude impacts social inequalities by race, gender, and social class. We close by setting an agenda for further research on this topic.
Low‐dose cidofovir and conversion to mTOR‐based immunosuppression in polyomavirus‐associated nephropathy
Authors: Mühlbacher Thomas , Beck Robert , Nadalin Silvio , Heyne Nils , Guthoff Martina 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundPolyomavirus‐associated nephropathy (PVAN) remains a relevant complication following kidney transplantation with allograft loss rates of up to 50%. Reduction in overall immunosuppression is a cornerstone of therapy, whereas no specific antiviral regimen has shown conclusive benefit to date. The present case series demonstrates the efficacy of a dual therapeutic approach with low‐dose cidofovir and conversion to mTOR‐based immunosuppression in PVAN.MethodsPatients with biopsy‐proven PVAN having received low‐dose cidofovir (0.25 mg/kg) according to the Tübingen Cidofovir Protocol and been converted to mTOR‐based immunosuppression were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsTwenty‐three patients with a median follow‐up of 2.24 [IQR 1.55‐5.01] years were included in the analysis. Median time to PVAN diagnosis was 268 [IQR 153‐869] days after transplantation. Polyomavirus clearance from plasma was achieved in 78% of patients after a median of 118 [IQR 76‐293] days. Of the 23 patients, nine patients (39%) lost their allograft function during follow‐up, but only three of these (13%) due to PVAN. Fourteen patients (61%) stabilized or improved allograft function. The cidofovir protocol allowed for specific antiviral therapy without adverse nephrotoxicity, even in patients with low allograft function.ConclusionsLow‐dose cidofovir and conversion to mTOR‐based immunosuppression allow for effective virus clearance and preservation of allograft function in a high proportion of patients with PVAN and progressive allograft dysfunction and may prolong allograft survival in these patients.
Increased detection of rabies virus in bats in Ceará State (Northeast Brazil) after implementation of a passive surveillance programme
Authors: Duarte Naylê Francelino Holanda , Alencar Carlos Henrique , Cavalcante Kellyn Kessiene de Sousa , Correia Francisco Gustavo Silveira , Romijn Phyllis Catharina , Araujo Danielle Bastos , Favoretto Silvana Regina , Heukelbach Jorg 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe intensification of dog, cat and livestock vaccination campaigns significantly reduced rabies cases in humans and domestic animals in Ceará State, Brazil. However, sylvatic animals—bats (order Chiroptera), wild canids, raccoons and non‐human primates— remain as reservoirs for the virus. Our hypothesis is that surveillance and monitoring of rabies virus in bats, especially passive surveillance, is of fundamental importance, besides the implementation of health education and strengthening of surveillance actions in humans exposed to aggressions. Thus, we assessed the occurrence of rabies virus in animals focusing on bats, before and after launching of the Sylvatic Rabies Surveillance Program in 2010. Surveillance data from the 184 municipalities of Ceará State were analysed, collected during the periods 2003–2010 (active surveillance) and 2011–2016 (passive surveillance), respectively. A total of 13,543 mammalian samples were received for rabies diagnosis from 2003 to 2016. Of these, 10,960 were from dogs or cats (80.9%), 1,180 from bats (8.7%), 806 from other sylvatic animals (foxes, marmosets, raccoons; 6.0%) and 597 from herbivores (cattle, goats, sheep, equines, pigs; 4.4%). A total of 588 (4.3%) samples were positive for rabies. About 8.4% (99/1,180) of the bat samples were infected with rabies virus, 92 (92.9%) of these were from non‐haematophagous bat species and 7 (7.1%) from haematophagous species. The number of bat samples received and infection rates increased considerably, after a shift from active surveillance (9/355 [2.5%] samples positive), to passive surveillance (90/825 [10.9%] samples positive). Surveillance of rabies virus in bats is fundamental for human and domestic animal health in Ceará State. Bats have to be considered as targets in surveillance and control programmes. Virus lineages should be characterized to increase knowledge on transmission dynamics of sylvatic rabies virus to domestic animals and the human population, and to provide additional evidence for planning and implementation of improved control measures.
Buckling Thresholds for Pre-Loaded Spherical Shells Subject to Localized Blasts
Authors: Sieber Jan , Hutchinson John W. , Thompson J. Michael T. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates the robustness against localized impacts of elastic spherical shells pre-loaded under uniform external pressure. We subjected a pre-loaded spherical shell that is clamped at its equator to axisymmetric blast-like impacts applied to its polar region. The resulting axisymmetric dynamic response is computed for increasing amplitudes of the blast. Both perfect shells and shells with axisymmetric geometric imperfections are analyzed. The impact energy threshold causing buckling is identified and compared with the energy barrier that exists between the buckled and unbuckled static equilibrium states of the energy landscape associated with the pre-loaded pressure. The extent to which the impact energy of the threshold blast exceeds the energy barrier depends on the details of its shape and width. Targeted blasts that approximately replicate the size and shape of the energy barrier buckling mode defined in the paper have an energy threshold that is only modestly larger than the energy barrier. An extensive study is carried out for more realistic Gaussian-shaped blasts revealing that the buckling threshold energy for these blasts is typically in the range of at least 10–40% above the energy barrier, depending on the pressure pre-load and the blast width. The energy discrepancy between the buckling threshold and energy barrier is due to elastic waves spreading outward from the impact and dissipation associated with the numerical integration scheme. Buckling is confined to the vicinity of the pole such that, if the shell is not shallow, the buckling thresholds are not strongly dependent on the location of the clamping boundary, as illustrated for a shell clamped halfway between the pole and the equator.
General Fishnet Statistics of Strength: Nacreous, Biomimetic, Concrete, Octet-Truss, and Other Architected or Quasibrittle Materials
Authors: Luo Wen , Bažant Zdeněk P. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The fishnet probabilistic model was recently developed to characterize the strength distribution of nacre-like biomimetic materials. It reveals that the unique fishnet-like connectivity of the material microstructure brings about enormous safety gain at the extremely low failure probability level of one out of a million, desired for engineering structures. The gist of the theory is that the material microstructure plays a determining role in its failure probability tail. Therefore, a carefully designed connectivity for a material microstructure not only enhances its mean strength but also significantly reduces its marginal failure risk. Here, we first show that the initially introduced series expansion and the newer formulation based on order statistics are, in the fishnet model, essentially equivalent. From that we develop a neat general form of the fishnet statistics. Then, we extend our theoretical approach to the strength distributions of architected nanomaterials such as the printed octet-truss carbon nanolattices, as well as to quasibrittle particulate composites such as concrete, and formulate a unified general fishnet statistics. We demonstrate that the octet-truss system can be physically seen and statistically treated as a union of three fishnets with three mutually orthogonal orientations. We show that the three-dimensional assembly of fishnets further enhances the tail strength at the 10−6 probability quantile, compared to two-dimensional (2D) fishnet statistics. We compare the performance of different statistical strength models by fitting of the simulated and experimental histograms data for the octet-truss nanolattice. Finally, we argue that, at the extreme lower tail of failure probability, quasibrittle materials such as concrete or fiber composites should partially exhibit the fishnet-type statistical behavior.
Prototype Results for a Salt Hydrate PCM Thermal Energy Storage System
Authors: Hoenig Sean H. , Bonner Richard W. , Charles Joshua M. , Chen Chien-Hua , Cao Fangyu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Air-cooled condenser systems incur a high cost of operation during peak power demand due to hot ambient temperatures, resulting in poor thermal performance. To shift the thermal performance of air-cooled condenser systems closer to that of wet cooling towers, a salt hydrate phase change material (PCM)-based supplemental thermal energy storage system is proposed. Low-grade waste heat from saturated steam in a power generation cycle is stored in a “cold” sink of PCM during the day and rejected at night during cooler ambient air temperatures. Passive loop thermosyphons are used to transfer heat in and out of the PCM heat exchanger. A 30MJ prototype was designed, fabricated, and tested to demonstrate the longevity of the system. Repeated thermal cycling tests have been completed for 50 cycles. The measured latent heat capacity results have shown that the salt hydrate solution segregates into different hydration levels over time but can stabilize by remixing the bulk solution.
Analysis on Thermal Design Concern of Vapor Cooled Shield for Cryogenic Tanks
Authors: Jiang Wenbing , Zuo Zhongqi , Huang Yonghua , Sun Peijie , Li Peng 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the long run, storage of cryogenic propellants on orbit is one of the most crucial technologies for future space exploration. Vapor cooled shield (VCS) has been considered as an effective tool to intercept heat leakage from the environment into the cryogenic tanks. In addition to that, reduce or even eliminate propellant boil-off. This scrutiny ascertains a 3D model to investigate the temperature distribution on VCS, and also conforms to the fact of temperature uniformity assumption in literature. The relationship amid the temperature distribution on VCS, the shield wall thickness, and the vented vapor’s mass flow rate is analyzed for series-type VCS and parallel-type VCS to clarify the existing temperature gradient on VCS and the way it influences the MLI’s insulation performance. The outcomes of the study could act as a beneficial tool for the thermal design of cryogenic VCS.
Parametric Study of High-Temperature Thermochemical Energy Storage Using Manganese-Iron Oxide
Authors: Vahedi Nasser , Oztekin Alparslan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Continuous power supply in Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plants can be achieved via integration of efficient, cost-effective and reliable Thermal Energy Storage (TES) system. The new generation of CSPs operates at higher temperatures and requires thermal storage systems with higher energy density at high storage temperature. Thermochemical Energy Storage (TCES) is the available solution which can meet performance requirements of energy density, temperature, and stability. TCES systems apply reversible endothermic/exothermic chemical reaction through which energy is stored as the enthalpy of reaction and released during the reverse mode. Among several available potential reversible chemical reactions, metal oxides, with high reaction temperature and enthalpy of reaction, have remarkable advantages compared to others. They use air both as Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF) and oxidation reactant, which eliminates the need for storage and intermediate heat exchanger integration between HTF and collector working fluid. Using air as HTF has made them perfectly fitted for the new generation of air operated solar collectors. Among several screened available potential metal oxides, cobalt and manganese oxides were selected as best candidates for high-temperature storage. Pure manganese oxide does not meet the cyclic operation requirement, but the iron-doped solid solution has proven reasonable cyclic storage performance. In this study, iron-doped manganese oxide (Fe-Mn 1:3 molar ratio) has been selected as a redox agent for TCES reactor. The cylindrical packed bed configuration is considered as a reactor bed configuration. A two-dimensional axisymmetric numerical model is developed using the finite element method. Performance analysis for both charge and discharge is provided separately. The effect of inflow rate and bed porosity variations on reactor performance in complete storage cycle were studied.