bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies on the morphology of leukaemic blast cells in relation to haematological parameters
Authors: Agase D. M. , Zade S. B. , Markam M. S. , Mohurle P.M. , Chaudhari P.R. , Padole S.P. , Bandebuche P.R. , Bhoyar P.D. , Pangal A.D. , Ganju A.K. 
Published: June 2020

A combination of haematological parameters with morphological evaluation of peripheral blood and bone marrow blast cells is crucial for leukaemia diagnosis. FAB (French– American–British) classification is a simple and powerful diagnostic tool for leukaemia in developing countries like India. Differentiation block in the early stages of haematopoiesis and morphological characteristics of leukemic blast cells are directly related to haematological parameters. The present study is an approach to increase understanding of the simple morphological FAB classification of leukaemia in relation to haematological parameters. The present study revealed that Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) was the most common type of leukaemia , followed by Acute Myeloid Leukaemia, Acute Lymphoid Leukaemia (ALL), and Chronic Lymphoid Leukaemia (CLL) in Nagpur. Most of the cases of Acute Leukaemia had severe anaemia and thrombocytopenia. Highest variation was found in Total WBCs count of different types of leukaemia , particularly in different subtypes of AML. The present study also suggested that FAB classification is not outdated, but it does require continuous revalidation and other procedures for refinement.
Economic analysis of integrated farming systems in the Kuttanad region of Kerala state, India: A case study
Authors: Sabu Aiswarya , Padma Rani S , Vidhyavathi A 
Published: June 2020

Agriculture, with its allied sectors, is unquestionably the largest livelihood provider in India. According to Committee on Doubling of Farmers’ Income Report, the average annual earning of a small and marginal farmer household was Rs 79,779 in 2015-16 and indicates that 86% of farmer households earn only 9% of total income and rest of the farmers earn 91% of total income. Integrated farming system practised mostly by small and marginal farmers, is a viable option for increasing farm income. The present study was undertaken to identify the farming systems practised by small and marginal holdings in Kuttanad region of Kerala state, India and also attempts to assess the profitability of these farms and suggest optimal farm plans using linear programming technique. The study revealed that rice + fish and Coconut + Banana+ Dairy cow + Poultry+ Goat were the most profitable farming systems with a benefit cost ratio of 2.63 and 2.86, respectively. The resource allocation in the existing plan was sub-optimal. The optimisation of resource use led to maximization of net returns, indicating the potential for realising greater income. The net returns of rice + fish increased from Rs. 181724 to Rs. 220010 in the optimal plan. The study also suggests the extent to which net returns can be increased with additional units of constraint resources viz., land/labour. The net returns in FS IV can be increased by Rs.286177.9 per additional acreage of land allotted. Thus, the farmers in Kuttanad can increase their income by optimal resource allocation and by deploying additional units of land or labour.
Population dynamics and management of two cichlid species in the Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq
Authors: Mohamed Abdul-Razak M. , Abood Abdullah N. 
Published: June 2020

Cichlids are invasive fish to Iraqi waters and became well established and prevailing in different waters. Despite that, there is no stock assessment study conducted for these fish. So, growth, mortality, recruitment and yield-per-recruit of two cichlid’s species; Coptodon zillii and Oreochromis aureus from the Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq were evaluated from November 2015 to October 2016 using the FiSAT software. A total of 1285 C. zillii (2.9-24.0 cm TL) and 1353 O. aureus (4.5-25.0 cm TL) were examined. Length-weight relationships were derived, indicating allometric growth for both species. The growth parameters (L?, K, Rn, to and ?) obtained for C. zillii were 25.5 cm, 0.320, 0.212, -0.793 and 2.318, respectively, while for O. aureus were 27.8, 0.490, 0.214, -0.271 and 2.578, respectively. The annual rate of total mortality (Z), fishing (F) and natural (M) for C. zillii was found to be 1.51, 0.84 and 0.68 respectively, and for O. aureus 2.49, 1.08 and 1.41, respectively. The present exploitation rates (Epresent) for C. zillii and O. aureus were computed to be 0.454 and 0.57, respectively. Lengths at first capture (LC) were 12.97 cm for C. zillii and 13.25 cm for O. aureus. The peaks of recruitment of C. zillii and O. aureus were from February to May and May to July, respectively. The Epresent for C. zillii and O. aureus were below the biological target reference points (F0.1 and Fmax), indicating that these species were not overexploited. For management purposes, more yields could be obtained by an increase in the fishing activities on cichlids.
Prevalencia de síntomas de riesgo asma en adolescentes expuestos a ceniza volcánica, en dos ciudades de la Patagonia
Authors: Zabert Ignacio , Benitez Sergio , Maldonado Prof. Dra. Cristina , Uribe Evhevarría Loli , Zabert Gustavo Enrique 
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia de riesgo de asma en adolescentes expuestos a ceniza volcánica a un año de la erupción del Volcán Calbuco, en 2 ciudades con diferentes grado de afectación.
Métodologia: Estudio de Corte Transversal, en adolescentes de 13-14 años en dos ciudades con diferente grado de exposición a ceniza volcánica: San Carlos de Bariloche y Cipolletti. Se aplicó cuestionario y video-cuestionario ISAAC para determinar riesgo de asma. Las variables demográficas y percepción de exposición, se obtuvieron por cuestionario previo a la aplicación de metodología ISAAC.
Resultados: Se encuestaron 511 sujetos en total. Se reportó prevalencia de síntomas de riesgo de asma en Bariloche resultó de 14% comparado con Cipolletti que reportó 10% (p=0.32). Se informó mayor exposición a ceniza volcánica en la ciudad de Bariloche vs. Cipolletti; 14% y 6% respectivamente con p<0.05.
Conclusiones:La falta diferencia estadisticamente significativa respecto a la prevalencia de sintomas de riesgo de asma entre ambas poblaciones con diferente nivel de exposición y tras 18 meses de la erupción volcánica mas exposición respiratoria a ceniza volcánica, pareciera no presentar impacto clínico en la salud respiratoria.
El Cuidado como cambio mínimo necesario para transformar el sistema de salud
Authors: Tripodoro Vilma 
Published: June 2020

Introducción: Este artículo asume una reflexión crítica de opinión propositiva sobre la inclusión de la dimensión del cuidado en el sistema de salud. La discusión se contextualiza en las transiciones epidemiológicas del siglo XXI, la cronicidad, la longevidad y la dependencia creciente.
Método: Se sostiene una metáfora experimental de manipulación del genoma constitutivo de los sistemas sanitarios, basados en principios de universalidad, accesibilidad, solidaridad, ética, eficacia y eficiencia, para lograr el cambio mínimo necesario para transformarlos en favor de la humanización, la empatía y la compasión en la asistencia. Se exploran conceptos de autocuidado y cuidado de sí, como una actitud en relación con uno mismo, con los otros y con el mundo, dimensiones del cuidado poco valoradas, usualmente desatendidas o invisibilizadas.
Resultados: Se proponen 10 razones para incluir el modelo ético, moral y pedagógico de los cuidados paliativos en forma transversal referente para todo el sistema y etapas de la vida, así como el liderazgo para llevarlo a cabo.
Conclusión: se ofrece este modelo transformador para el sistema de salud, como contracara del descuido, de la deshumanización y la anomia, tanto de los usuarios como de los profesionales de la salud.
Impact of Classroom Management on Learner’s Achievement in University Level at Hyderabad Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Irfan Ali  , Mehmood Jan  , Khokhar Amna 
Published: June 2020

In today’s competitive era of education, Institutions are composed of learners who live in Society circle conditions that have unfavorably influenced their availability for university and the students exposed to these living-conditions have a more noteworthy inclination to take part in wrong conduct in the Classroom. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to determining the relationship between classroom management and learner’s achievement. For this the literature review was done to observe the perceptions of other renowned scholar’s literature related to Dependent and Independent variables and apply those reviews in Higher education institutions of Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. This study was Explanatory design in nature and adapted a quantitative questionnaire with a casual survey design. Total 250 respondents participated in the study among three universities SZABIST Hyderabad campus, LUMHS, and MEHRAN-UET Jamshoro. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square goodness of fit test, Correlation and Multiple regression analysis. The level of classroom management and level of learner’s achievement were tested using chi-square goodness of fit and test result indicated significant high level of classroom management (p<0.01) and significant high level of learner’s achievement (p<0.01) in Universities concerning Hyderabad Division. The study found Neutral relationship between classroom management and learner’s achievement at p<0.05 while the effect of predictor Variables of learner’s achievement was determining multiple regression analysis ( =.298, F=25.943 and p<.005) implying that, Teacher Preparation and record management was a significant predictor of learner’s achievement.
Tingkat Keberhasilan Transplantasi Karang Acropora millepora (Ehrenberg, 1834) di Perairan Banyan Tree Lagoi, Bintan
Authors: Mulyadi  , Apriadi Tri , Kurniawan Dedy 
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ukuran fragmen yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan karang Acropora millepora dengan teknik transplantasi untuk mendapatkan ukuran fragmen optimal. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2017 sampai Februari tahun 2018 di Perairan Banyan Tree Lagoi Kabupaten Bintan. Media tranplantasi yang digunakan adalah balok persegi panjang dalam bentuk bagan persegi empat. Ukuran Fragmen karang Acropora millepora diberi 5 perlakuan yaitu 2 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm, dengan 5 kali pengulangan. Pertumbuhan mutlak pada fragmen 2 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm, 8 cm dan 10 cm sebesar 0,63 cm, 0,93 cm, 1,47cm, 2,10 cm dan 1,10 cm. Laju pertumbuhan pada fragmen 2 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm, 8 cm, dan 10 cm sebesar 0,21cm, 0,31cm, 0,49 cm, 0,70 cm, 0,36 cm. Analisis data dengan uji One-Way ANOVA menunjukkan pertumbuhan mutlak tinggi dan laju pertumbuhan tinggi karang Acropora millepora terdapat pengaruh yang nyata terhadap perlakuan ukuran fragmen yang berbeda (p<0,05). dan dilanjutkan dengan Duncan didapatkan terdapat ukuran 8 cm memiliki nilai perbedaan terbesar dengan kelompok lainnya dan sebagai kelompok pertumbuhan tercepat selama penelitian.Tingkat kelangsungan hidup pada masing-masing fragmen memiliki tingkat kelangsungan hidup yang sama sebesar 60%. Fragmen optimal karang Acropora millepora dicapai oleh ukuran tinggi 8 cm dengan pola pertumbuhan vertikal dan sebagai pertumbuhan karang yang efisien dan efektif dalam pemanfaatan secara berkelanjutan.
Copepoda sebagai Indikator Keberadaan Kuda Laut (Hippocampus sp.) di Perairan Desa Sebong Pereh, Bintan
Authors: Hidayani Siti , Apriadi Tri , Kurniawan Dedy 
Published: June 2020

Penelitian mengenai hubungan Copepoda sebagai indikator keberadaan Hippocampus sp. telah dilakukan di Perairan Desa Sebong Pereh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan keberadaan Copepoda sebagai indikator keberadaan Hippocampus sp. di Perairan Desa Sebong Pereh. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode random sampling sebanyak 31 titik menggunakan transek 5 x 5 m untuk kepadatan Hippocampus sp. dan untuk mengambil sampel Copepoda menggunakan planktonnet secara statis sebanyak 100 L. Hasil penelitian ditemukan tiga spesies Hippocampus sp. yaitu dengan nilai kepadatan H. comes 670 ind/Ha, H. kuda 530 ind/Ha, dan H. mohnikei 400 ind/Ha. Kelimpahan Copepoda ditemukan 9 spesies dari 3 ordo yaitu dengan kelimpahan pada Naupli sp. 3380 ind/m3, Acartia sp. 1450 ind/m3, Acrocalanus sp. 480 ind/m3, Lucicutia sp. 6100 ind/m3, Calanus sp. 1450 ind/m3, Oithona sp. 680 ind/m3, Tisbe sp. 4450 ind/m3, dan Microsetella sp. 870 ind/m3. Berdasarkan analisis PCA nilai kelimpahan Copepoda tidak memiliki hubungan terhadap kepadatan kuda laut di Perairan Desa Sebong Pereh. Hal ini menunjukkan Copepoda tidak bisa dijadikan sebenuhnya sebagai indikator keberadaan kuda laut di Perairan Desa Sebong Pereh.
Contralateral interoptic approach to paraclinoid aneurysms: a patient-selection algorithm based on anatomical investigation and clinical validation
Authors: Zhao Xiaochun , Tayebi Meybodi Ali , Labib Mohamed A. , Gandhi Sirin , Belykh Evgenii , Naeem Komal , Preul Mark C. , Nakaji Peter , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE
Aneurysms that arise on the medial surface of the paraclinoid segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) are surgically challenging. The contralateral interoptic trajectory, which uses the space between the optic nerves, can partially expose the medial surface of the paraclinoid ICA. In this study, the authors quantitatively measure the area of the medial ICA accessible through the interoptic triangle and propose a potential patient-selection algorithm that is based on preoperative measurements on angiographic imaging.

METHODS
The contralateral interoptic trajectory was studied on 10 sides of 5 cadaveric heads, through which the medial paraclinoid ICA was identified. The falciform ligament medial to the contralateral optic canal was incised, the contralateral optic nerve was gently elevated, and the medial surface of the paraclinoid ICA was inspected via different viewing angles to obtain maximal exposure. The accessible area on the carotid artery was outlined. The distance from the distal dural ring (DDR) to the proximal and distal borders of this accessible area was measured. The superior and inferior borders were measured using the clockface method relative to a vertical line on the coronal plane. To validate these parameters, preoperative measurements and intraoperative findings were reviewed in 8 clinical cases.

RESULTS
In the sagittal plane, the mean (SD) distances from the DDR to the proximal and distal ends of the accessible area on the paraclinoid ICA were 2.5 (1.52) mm and 8.4 (2.32) mm, respectively. In the coronal plane, the mean (SD) angles of the superior and inferior ends of the accessible area relative to a vertical line were 21.7° (14.84°) and 130.9° (12.75°), respectively. Six (75%) of 8 clinical cases were consistent with the proposed patient-selection algorithm.

CONCLUSIONS
The contralateral interoptic approach is a feasible route to access aneurysms that arise from the medial paraclinoid ICA. An aneurysm can be safely clipped via the contralateral interoptic trajectory if 1) both proximal and distal borders of the aneurysm neck are 2.5–8.4 mm distal to the DDR, and 2) at least one border of the aneurysm neck on the coronal clockface is 21.7°–130.9° medial to the vertical line.
Clinical findings in families with chordoma with and without T gene duplications and in patients with sporadic chordoma reported to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program
Authors: Parry Dilys M. , McMaster Mary L. , Liebsch Norbert J. , Patronas Nicholas J. , Quezado Martha M. , Zametkin Deborah , Yang Xiaohong R. , Goldstein Alisa M. 
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE
To gain insight into the role of germline genetics in the development of chordoma, the authors evaluated data from 2 sets of patients with familial chordoma, those with and without a germline duplication of the T gene (T-dup+ vs T-dup−), which was previously identified as a susceptibility mechanism in some families. The authors then compared the patients with familial tumors to patients with sporadic chordoma in the US general population reported to the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program through 2015.

METHODS
Evaluation of family members included review of personal and family medical history, physical and neurological examination, and pre- and postcontrast MRI of the skull base and spine. Sixteen patients from 6 white families with chordoma had a chordoma diagnosis at family referral. Screening MR images of 35 relatives revealed clival lesions in 6, 4 of which were excised and confirmed to be chordoma. Thus, data were available for 20 patients with histologically confirmed familial chordoma. There were 1759 patients with histologically confirmed chordoma in SEER whose race was known.

RESULTS
The median age at chordoma diagnosis differed across the groups: it was lowest in T-dup+ familial patients (26.8 years, range 5.3–68.4 years); intermediate in T-dup− patients (46.2 years, range 11.8–60.1 years); and highest in SEER patients (57 years, range 0–98 years). There was a marked preponderance of skull base tumors in patients with familial chordoma (93% in T-dup+ and 83% in T-dup−) versus 38% in the SEER program (37% in white, 53% in black, and 48.5% in Asian/Pacific Islander/American Indian/Alaska Native patients). Furthermore, 29% of white and 16%–17% of nonwhite SEER patients had mobile-spine chordoma, versus no patients in the familial group. Several T-dup+ familial chordoma patients had putative second/multiple primary chordomas.

CONCLUSIONS
The occurrence of young age at diagnosis, skull base presentation, or multiple primary chordomas should encourage careful review of family history for patients diagnosed with chordoma as well as screening of at-risk family members by MRI for early detection of chordoma. Furthermore, given genetic predisposition in some patients with familial chordoma, identification of a specific mutation in a family will permit surveillance to be limited to mutation carriers—and consideration should be given for imaging the entire neuraxis in any chordoma patient presenting at an early age or with a blood relative with chordoma. Finally, future studies should explore racial differences in age at diagnosis and presenting site in chordoma.
Analysis of modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors in patients undergoing pituitary surgery
Authors: Shahrestani Shane , Ballatori Alexander M. , Chen Xiao T. , Ton Andy , Strickland Ben A. , Brunswick Andrew , Zada Gabriel 
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE
Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are among the most common intracranial tumors. Understanding the clinical effects of various modifiable risk factors (MRFs) and nonmodifiable risk factors (NMRFs) is important in guiding proper treatment, yet there is limited evidence outlining the influence of MRFs and NMRFs on outcomes of PA resection. The aim of this study was to analyze MRFs and NMRFs in patients undergoing resection for PAs.

METHODS
Using the 2016 and 2017 National Readmission Database, the authors identified a cohort of 9472 patients undergoing microscopic or endoscopic resection of a PA. Patients with nonoverlapping MRFs and NMRFs were analyzed for length of stay (LOS), hospital cost, readmission rates, and postoperative complications. From the original cohort, a subset of 373 frail patients (as defined by the Johns Hopkins Frailty Index) were identified and propensity matched to nonfrail patients. Statistical analysis included 1-way ANOVA, Tukey multiple comparisons of means, odds ratios, Wald testing, and unpaired Welch 2-sample t-tests to compare complications, outcomes, and costs between each cohort. Perioperative outcomes and hospital readmission rates were tracked, and predictive algorithms were developed to establish precise relationships between relevant risk factors and neurosurgical outcomes.

RESULTS
Malnourished patients had significantly longer LOSs when compared to nonmalnourished patients (p < 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between the number of MRFs and readmission at 90 days (p = 0.012) and 180 days (p = 0.020). Obese patients had higher rates of postoperative neurological injury at the 30-day follow-up (p = 0.048) compared to patients with normal BMI. Within this NMRF cohort, frail patients were found to have significantly increased hospital LOS (p < 0.001) and total inpatient costs compared to nonfrail patients (p < 0.001). Predictive analytics showed that frail patients had significantly higher readmission rates at both 90-day (p < 0.001) and 180-day follow-ups (p < 0.001). Lastly, rates of acute postsurgical infection were higher in frail patients compared to nonfrail patients (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that both MRFs and NMRFs negatively affect the perioperative outcomes following PA resection. Notable risk factors including malnutrition, obesity, elevated lipid panels, and frailty make patients more prone to prolonged LOS, higher inpatient costs, and readmission. Further prospective research with longitudinal data is required to precisely pinpoint the effects of various risk factors on the outcomes of pituitary surgery.
Development and external validation of a clinical prediction model for functional impairment after intracranial tumor surgery
Authors: Staartjes Victor E. , Broggi Morgan , Zattra Costanza Maria , Vasella Flavio , Velz Julia , Schiavolin Silvia , Serra Carlo , Bartek Jiri , Fletcher-Sandersjöö Alexander , Förander Petter , Kalasauskas Darius , Renovanz Mirjam , Ringel Florian , Brawanski Konstantin R. , Kerschbaumer Johannes , Freyschlag Christian F. , Jakola Asgeir S. , Sjåvik Kristin , Solheim Ole , Schatlo Bawarjan , Sachkova Alexandra , Bock Hans Christoph , Hussein Abdelhalim , Rohde Veit , Broekman Marike L. D. , Nogarede Claudine O. , Lemmens Cynthia M. C. , Kernbach Julius M. , Neuloh Georg , Bozinov Oliver , Krayenbühl Niklaus , Sarnthein Johannes , Ferroli Paolo , Regli Luca , Stienen Martin N. , FEBNS  
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE
Decision-making for intracranial tumor surgery requires balancing the oncological benefit against the risk for resection-related impairment. Risk estimates are commonly based on subjective experience and generalized numbers from the literature, but even experienced surgeons overestimate functional outcome after surgery. Today, there is no reliable and objective way to preoperatively predict an individual patient’s risk of experiencing any functional impairment.

METHODS
The authors developed a prediction model for functional impairment at 3 to 6 months after microsurgical resection, defined as a decrease in Karnofsky Performance Status of ≥ 10 points. Two prospective registries in Switzerland and Italy were used for development. External validation was performed in 7 cohorts from Sweden, Norway, Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands. Age, sex, prior surgery, tumor histology and maximum diameter, expected major brain vessel or cranial nerve manipulation, resection in eloquent areas and the posterior fossa, and surgical approach were recorded. Discrimination and calibration metrics were evaluated.

RESULTS
In the development (2437 patients, 48.2% male; mean age ± SD: 55 ± 15 years) and external validation (2427 patients, 42.4% male; mean age ± SD: 58 ± 13 years) cohorts, functional impairment rates were 21.5% and 28.5%, respectively. In the development cohort, area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.72 (95% CI 0.69–0.74) were observed. In the pooled external validation cohort, the AUC was 0.72 (95% CI 0.69–0.74), confirming generalizability. Calibration plots indicated fair calibration in both cohorts. The tool has been incorporated into a web-based application available at https://neurosurgery.shinyapps.io/impairment/.

CONCLUSIONS
Functional impairment after intracranial tumor surgery remains extraordinarily difficult to predict, although machine learning can help quantify risk. This externally validated prediction tool can serve as the basis for case-by-case discussions and risk-to-benefit estimation of surgical treatment in the individual patient.