bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesure d’impact d’une variable binaire sur une réponse quantitative dans un cadre non paramétrique
Authors: Wabo Auriol , Planchet Frédéric 
Published: August 2020

On propose dans cet article une méthode de quantification de l’effet d’une variable explicative qualitative sur une réponse quantitative plus souple à utiliser que le simple coefficient d’un modèle GLM multiplicatif ; l’objectif est de disposer d’une mesure ne nécessitant pas l’hypothèse de proportionnalité du GLM et complètement décorrélée de l’effet des autres variables explicatives incluses dans le modèle. L’approche est illustrée à l’aide de données de coûts de sinistres matériels automobiles, pour lesquelles on cherche à quantifier l’impact de l’expert qui a évalué le sinistre sur le montant de l’évaluation.
Resumption of donor-origin spermatogenesis in senescent goldfish Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) following spermatogonial cell therapy
Authors: Majhi Sullip K. , Chowdhury Mog , Kumar Santosh , Singh Rajeev K. , Mohindra Vindhya , Lal Kuldeep K. 
Published: August 2020

Stem cell research has come into prominence because of its applications in assisted reproductive technology and the treatment of deadly diseases. In teleost fishes, spermatogonial stem cells have been effectively used to produce surrogate gametes and progeny through germ cell transplantation technique. The present study is the first report of an innovative application of stem cell therapy in fish species for revitalising the reproductive competence of senescent individuals. Senescent male goldfish, Carassius auratus, approximately 10 years of age were procured from a fish-breeding farm and were reared locally in the lab for an additional two years. The senescence of the individuals was then evaluated and confirmed using histological analysis, gonadal index assessment, and germ-cell specific vasa gene expression. Analyses revealed absence of spermatogonial cells and other germ cells in the testes of the senescent fish (n = 5). Spermatogonial cells from sexually immature C. auratus male donor were isolated using discontinuous percoll gradients, labelled with the fluorescent dye PKH-26, and transplanted into the gonads of senescent C. auratus males through urogenital papilla. Six months after the transplant, spermatozoa were collected through applying gentle manual pressure on the abdomen and were observed under a microscope. All C. auratus males with the transplant had produced spermatozoa from the transplanted cells. This was confirmed by the retention of PKH-26 in the spermatozoa and diagnostic SSR locus. Gravid C. auratus females were artificially inseminated with the spermatozoa of those senescent males and natural spawning was allowed. As a result viable progeny were produced. These observation suggests that the reproductive competence of senescent male fishes can be revitalised through spermatogonial stem cell therapy to produce functional gametes.
Evaluation of salt tolerance in Eruca sativa accessions based on morpho-physiological traits
Authors: Afsar Sadia , Bibi Gulnaz , Ahmad Raza , Bilal Muhammad , Naqvi Tatheer Alam , Baig Ayesha , Shah Mohammad Maroof , Huang Bangquan , Hussain Jamshaid 
Published: August 2020

Background
Salinity is one of the most lethal abiotic stresses which affect multiple aspects of plant physiology. Natural variations in plant germplasm are a great resource that could be exploited for improvement in salt tolerance. Eruca sativa (E. sativa) exhibits tolerance to abiotic stresses. However, thorough evaluation of its salt stress tolerance and screening for traits that could be reliably applied for salt tolerance needs to be studied. The current study was designed to characterize 25 E. sativa accessions, originating from diverse geographical regions of Pakistan, for the salt stress tolerance.

Methods
Salt stress (150 mM NaCl) was applied for 2 weeks to the plants at four leaf stage in hydroponics. Data of the following morpho-physiological traits were collected from control and treated plants of all the accessions: root length (RL), shoot length (SL), plant height (PH), leaf number (LN), leaf area (LA), fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), chlorophyl content (SPAD), electrolyte leakage (EL), relative water content (RWC), gas exchange parameters and mineral ion content. Salt tolerance was determined based on membership function value (MFV) of the tested traits.

Results
Compared with control, the salt-stressed group had significantly reduced mean SL, RL, PH, LN, LA, FW, DW and SPAD. NaCl treatment triggered a slight increase in EL in few accessions. Mean RWC of control and treated groups were not significantly different although few accessions exhibited variation in this trait. Salt stress caused a significant reduction in photosynthesis rate (PR), transpiration rate (TR) and stomatal conductance (SC) but intercellular CO2 (Ci) was not significantly different between control and treated groups. Compared with control, the salt-stressed plants accumulated significantly higher Na+, K+ and Ca2+ while significantly lower Mg2+. K+/Na+ ratio was significantly decreased in salt-stressed plants compared with control. Importantly, significant inter-accession variations were found for all the tested traits. The principal component analysis identified SL, RL, PH, LN, LA, FW, DW and PR as the most significant traits for resolving inter-accession variability. Based on MFV of the tested traits, accessions were categorized into five standard groups. Among 25 accessions, one accession was ranked as highly tolerant, four as tolerant while 15 accessions were ranked as moderately tolerant. Of the remaining five accessions, four were ranked as sensitive while one accession as highly sensitive.

Conclusion
E. sativa accessions were found to exhibit significant genetic diversity in all the tested traits. A few most significant traits for dissecting the genetic variability were identified that could be used for future large-scale germplasm screening in E. sativa. Salt tolerant accessions could be a good resource for future breeding programs aiming to improve salt stress tolerance.
S‐allyl‐L‐cysteine protects hepatocytes from indomethacin‐induced apoptosis by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Chen Peng , Chen Chen , Hu Mingdao , Cui Rui , Liu Feng , Yu Henghai , Ren Yuling 
Published: August 2020

Drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) can lead to acute liver failure, a lethal condition which may require liver transplantation. Hepatotoxicity associated with nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) accounts for ~ 10% of all DILI. In the current study, we determined whether indomethacin, one of the most commonly used NSAIDS, induced apoptosis in hepatocytes and investigated the underlying mechanism. Meanwhile, we investigated the protective effect of S‐allyl‐L‐cysteine (SAC), an active garlic derivative, on indomethacin‐induced hepatocyte apoptosis, and its implication on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We found that indomethacin triggered ER stress, as indicated by the elevated expression of phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and spliced XBP1 in a rat liver BRL‐3A cell line. Following indomethacin treatment, caspase 3 activation and hepatocyte apoptosis were also observed. Inhibition of ER stress by chemical chaperone 4‐phenyl butyric acid alleviated cell apoptosis caused by indomethacin, indicating that ER stress is involved in indomethacin‐induced hepatocyte apoptosis. Moreover, SAC abated indomethacin‐induced eIF2α phosphorylation, inhibited CHOP upregulation and its nuclear translocation, abrogated the activation of caspase 3 and finally, protected hepatocytes from apoptosis. In conclusion, SAC protects indomethacin‐induced hepatocyte apoptosis through mitigating ER stress and may be suitable for development into a potential new therapeutic agent for the treatment of DILI.
Trial inspection of exterior‐tile wall specimens with a prototyped tile‐debonding diagnostic device
Authors: Soeta Tomomi , Ito Shutaro , Fujinuma Tomohiro , Mikami Takamasa 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper details the ability of a tile‐debonding diagnostic device to detect artificially debonded areas on 12 exterior‐tile wall specimens, using a detection parameter proposed in a previous paper. The device has an impact force sensor and four microphones and outputs detection parameter RAF for each microphone. The maximum value of RAF at the four microphones was defined as RAF‐max. A threshold value of RAF‐max was set, and the results of detection of debonding were displayed on the figures of the specimens. Consequently, the effectiveness of the device and detection parameter was verified.
Dual Friction Mode Textile‐Based Tire Cord Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Authors: Seung Wanchul , Yoon Hong‐Joon , Kim Tae Yun , Kang Minki , Kim Jihye , Kim Han , Kim Seong Min , Kim Sang‐Woo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAs vehicles become smarter, an alternative power solution will become increasingly important for future vehicle development. With this context, a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is proposed which fully sits on tires and consists of textile‐based tire materials. Both polydimethylsiloxane‐coated silver textile, serving as an external tire tread material, and nylon woven textile, serving as an internal tire cord material, performing as opposing triboelectric materials, are well adaptable for rolling tires. It is demonstrated that tire material‐based TENG performs at its maximum as it makes mutual contact with the road. The power generation property is characterized under different driving situations such as different tire rotation speeds and varying numbers of devices on the tires. The TENG demonstrates a maximum output voltage and a current of about 225 V and 42 µA, respectively, along with an output power of 0.5 mW at optimum load. The work offers the possibility to not only directly operate minute power‐consuming electronics but also collect power and store it while driving a vehicle.
Advanced Materials to Enhance Central Nervous System Tissue Modeling and Cell Therapy
Authors: Muckom Riya J. , Sampayo Rocío G. , Johnson Hunter J. , Schaffer David V. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe progressively deeper understanding of mechanisms underlying stem cell fate decisions has enabled parallel advances in basic biology—such as the generation of organoid models that can further one's basic understanding of human development and disease—and in clinical translation—including stem cell based therapies to treat human disease. Both of these applications rely on tight control of the stem cell microenvironment to properly modulate cell fate, and materials that can be engineered to interface with cells in a controlled and tunable manner have therefore emerged as valuable tools for guiding stem cell growth and differentiation. With a focus on the central nervous system (CNS), a broad range of material solutions that have been engineered to overcome various hurdles in constructing advanced organoid models and developing effective stem cell therapeutics is reviewed. Finally, regulatory aspects of combined material‐cell approaches for CNS therapies are considered.
Deciphering, Designing, and Realizing Self‐Folding Biomimetic Microstructures Using a Mass‐Spring Model and Inkjet‐Printed, Self‐Folding Hydrogels
Authors: Cui Chunxiao , Yin Jie , Han Li‐Hsin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFlat, organic microstructures that can self‐fold into 3D microstructures are promising for tissue regeneration, for being capable of distributing living cells in 3D while forming highly complex, biomimetic architectures to assist cells in performing regeneration. However, the design of self‐folding microstructures is difficult due to a lack of understanding of the underlying formation mechanisms. This study helps bridge this gap by deciphering the dynamics of the self‐folding using a mass‐spring model. This numerical study reveals that self‐folding procedure is multi‐modal, which can become random and unpredictable by involving the interplays between internal stresses, external stimulation, imperfection, and self‐hindrance of the folding body. To verify the numerical results, bilayered, hydrogel‐based micropatterns capable of self‐folding are fabricated using inkjet‐printing and tested. The experimental and numerical results are consistent with each other. The above knowledge is applied to designing and fabricating self‐folding microstructures for tissue‐engineering, which successfully creates 3D, cell‐scaled, and biomimetic microstructures, such as microtubes, branched microtubes, and hollow spheres. Embedded in self‐folded microtubes, human mesenchymal stem cells proliferate and form linear cell‐organization mimicking the cell morphology in muscles and tendons. The above knowledge and study platforms can greatly contribute to the research on self‐folding microstructures and applications to tissue regeneration.
All‐Inorganic Ionic Polymer‐Based Memristor for High‐Performance and Flexible Artificial Synapse
Authors: Zhao Yong‐Yan , Sun Wu‐Ji , Wang Jia , He Jing‐Hui , Li Hua , Xu Qing‐Feng , Li Na‐Jun , Chen Dong‐Yun , Lu Jian‐Mei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe implementation of memristors that are wearable and transparent has attracted significant attention. However, the development of high‐performance memristors that simultaneously possess high flexibility and environmental stability has remained a tremendous challenge suffering from limited choice of materials with both good ion‐electron mobility and structural flexibility. Inspired by the unique poly‐ionic nature of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), a novel Au/APP/ITO memristor with favorable flexibility and stability is prepared. Synaptic behaviors can be stimulated by voltage pulses that are 20 ns in width, 0.1 V in amplitude, and repeatable under 104 pulse cycles, thereby outperforming several other benchmark memristors. Further, the device, prepared on conductive silicone, can sustain its synaptic performance even under 360° bending. Furthermore, the device can sustain its synaptic behaviors even after exposure to fire for 60 s and 5.6 kGy of ionic irradiation. Additionally, APP is determined to be nontoxic, biodegradable, and transparent when compared with all the organics and inorganics used in previous memristors. The results of this study will inspire the development of more inorganic polymers for their utilization in future environmentally stable and flexible electronics.
Redistributing Li‐Ion Flux by Parallelly Aligned Holey Nanosheets for Dendrite‐Free Li Metal Anodes
Authors: Zhou Yangen , Zhang Xiao , Ding Yu , Bae Jiwoong , Guo Xuelin , Zhao Yu , Yu Guihua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLi metal is the most ideal anode material to assemble rechargeable batteries with high energy density. However, nonuniform Li‐ion flux during repeated Li plating and stripping leads to continuous Li dendrite growth and dead Li formation, which causes safety risks and short lifetime and thus impedes the commercialization of Li metal batteries. Here, parallelly aligned holey nanosheets on a Li metal anode are reported to simultaneously redistribute the Li‐ion flux in the electrolyte and in the solid‐electrolyte interphase, which allows uniform Li‐ion distribution as well as fast Li‐ion diffusion for reversible Li plating and stripping. With holey MgO nanosheets as an example, the protected Li anodes achieve Coulombic efficiency of ≈99% and ultralong‐term reversible Li plating/stripping over 2500 h at a high current density of 10 mA cm−2. A full‐cell battery, using the protected anode, a 4 V Li‐ion cathode, and a commercial carbonate electrolyte, shows capacity retention of 90.9% after 500 cycles.
Multifunctional Self‐Powered E‐Skin with Tactile Sensing and Visual Warning for Detecting Robot Safety
Authors: Wang Feng‐Xia , Wang Ming‐Jiong , Liu Hui‐Cong , Zhang Yun‐Lin , Lin Qi‐Hang , Chen Tao , Sun Li‐Ning 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFlexible electronic skins (e‐skins) are widely applied in human activities monitoring, medical health, and robotic perception. However, most of the reported e‐skins only focus on the physical force sensing. Herein, a novel multifunctional e‐skin possessing physical force sensing and real‐time visualization is proposed. The vertical‐separation triboelectric sensor is used as the tactile sensing units, showing excellent performance with the open‐circuit voltage (V0) of 376.8 V, the short‐circuit (Is) of 1.02 µA, and the maximum output power density of 7.225 W m−2, which also can carry out pressure detection with a wide detection range from 55.5 pa to 14 Kpa, a high sensitivity of 57.76 mV pa−1, and a fast response time of 5.6 ms. The electrochromic devices as the visualization window shows the excellent stability and the low driving voltage. This e‐skin can detect the instantaneous external force applied on the human arm and robotic arm and simultaneously shows the colors varying from light green to dark blue when experiencing the applied force. The proposed e‐skin shows a promising solution of realizing both the digitized physical force sensing and the direct visualization, which can greatly enhance the safety precaution in various fields, such as robotic production line.
PROteolysis TArgetting Chimeras (PROTACs) Strategy Applied to Kinases: Recent Advances
Authors: Feral Anthony , Laconde Guillaume , Amblard Muriel , Masurier Nicolas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSince the development of the first protein kinase inhibitor in the early 1980s, followed by the FDA approval of imatinib in 2001, kinases are one of the most intensively pursued targets in current medicinal chemistry research. These proteins are overrepresented in various diseases such as cancer, inflammation or autoimmune pathologies and play important roles in their physiopathogenic processes. Despite the development and approval of numerous potent kinase inhibitors, drug resistance and off‐target side effects are commonly encountered with kinase inhibitors. Thus, development of novel strategies to overcome these problems is necessary. Since 2013, many research groups have proposed the conversion of potent kinase inhibitors into PROteolysis TArgeting Chimera (PROTAC) compounds and shared relevant and encouraging results using this new technology, which degrades proteins by employing the cellular machinery. Generally, this strategy brings enhancements in biological effects compared to the use of only the parent inhibitor. In this review article, recent findings related to the PROTAC technology applied to kinases are discussed, with a special focus on publications since 2018.
Silent Synapse Activation by Plasma‐Induced Oxygen Vacancies in TiO2 Nanowire‐Based Memristor
Authors: Shan Xuanyu , Wang Zhongqiang , Lin Ya , Zeng Tao , Zhao Xiaoning , Xu Haiyang , Liu Yichun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEmulation of biological synapses by electronic devices will form a foundation for realizing brain‐inspired computational systems. In addition to mimicking functional synapses, it is also important to demonstrate activation functionality of silent synapses in memristors, to emulate the evolutionary processes of human brain development. Here, a silent synapse without synaptic plasticity is achieved in a single‐crystalline TiO2 nanowire‐based memristor. Importantly, the short‐term plasticity transforms to long‐term plasticity in plasma (O2, Ar, and Ar‐H2) treated devices, representing activation of a silent synapse to a functional synapse. The memristive mechanism is attributed to the accumulation and diffusion of oxygen vacancies at the Pt/TiO2 interface, which adjusts the Schottky barrier and conductance. The use of various plasma treatments also enables synaptic function modulation by changing the density of oxygen vacancies. The results provide a feasible method for activating silent synapses and modulating synaptic learning functions in a memristor‐based artificial synapse.
Recent Advances in MOF‐Derived Single Atom Catalysts for Electrochemical Applications
Authors: Song Zhongxin , Zhang Lei , Doyle‐Davis Kieran , Fu Xianzhu , Luo Jing‐Li , Sun Xueliang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractElectrocatalysis plays a critical role in clean energy conversion, enabling great improvement for future sustainable technologies. Single atom catalysts (SACs) derived from metal–organic framework (MOF) are emerging extraordinary materials in electrochemical catalytic applications. Covering the merits of unique electronic structure, low‐coordination environment, quantum size effect, and metal–support interaction, SACs promise enhanced electrocatalytic activity, stability, and selectivity in the field of clean energy conversion. In this article, MOF synthesis routes to afford well‐dispersed SACs along with the respective synthesis mechanism are systematically reviewed first, and typical examples of each strategy are carefully discussed. Then the characterization techniques in understanding the isolated and spatial distribution, local electronic structure, coordination environment for SACs, and insights into stable mechanisms provided by density functional theory (DFT) calculations are summarized. In addition, several important electrocatalytic applications and electrocatalytic mechanisms of the MOF‐derived SACs, including for the oxygen reduction reaction, CO2 reduction reaction, nitrogen reduction reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, etc., are highlighted. To facilitate the future development of high‐performing SACs, several technical challenges and corresponding research directions are proposed.
Mesoporous Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion
Authors: Zu Lianhai , Zhang Wei , Qu Longbing , Liu Liangliang , Li Wei , Yu Aibing , Zhao Dongyuan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDeveloping high‐performance electrode materials is an urgent requirement for next‐generation energy conversion and storage systems. Due to the exceptional features, mesoporous materials have shown great potential to achieve high‐performance electrodes with high energy/power density, long lifetime, increased interfacial reaction activity, and enhanced kinetics. In this Essay, applications of mesoporous materials are reviewed in electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices. The synthesis, structure, and properties of mesoporous materials and their performance in rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, and electrolyzers are discussed, providing practical details and enlightening comments on the construction of high‐performance mesoporous electrodes. Lastly, the research challenges and perspectives on mesoporous materials for the future development of energy conversion and storage devices are assessed.