bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of peer support on patient anxiety during the coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention perioperative period: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Qin Shuo , Gu Yanmei , Song Tianyu 
Published: March 2020

IntroductionThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of peer support on patient anxiety during the perioperative period of coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods and analysisWe will search the following databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Clinicaltrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Google Scholar, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Database, Chinese BioMedical Database and Wanfang Data) from the date of database inception to January 2019. Only randomised controlled trials will be included. For the data analysis, we will use RevMan V.5.3.5 software to evaluate the risk of bias, and the heterogeneity will be investigated using the Q statistic and P index. Additionally, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system will be used to assess the quality of evidence.Ethics and disseminationNo ethics approval will be required since this is a systematic review of published studies. We aim to report information regarding the effects of peer support on patient anxiety during the perioperative period of coronary angiography or PCI. This systematic review and meta-analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019123290.
Impact of valve morphology, hypertension and age on aortic wall properties in patients with coarctation: a two-centre cross-sectional study
Authors: Ghorbani Niky , Muthurangu Vivek , Khushnood Abbas , Goubergrits Leonid , Nordmeyer Sarah , Fernandes Joao Filipe , Lee Chong-Bin , Runte Kilian , Roth Sophie , Schubert Stephan , Kelle Sebastian , Berger Felix , Kuehne Titus , Kelm Marcus 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the combined effects of arterial hypertension, bicuspid aortic valve disease (BAVD) and age on the distensibility of the ascending and descending aortas in patients with aortic coarctation.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThe study was conducted at two university medical centres, located in Berlin and London.ParticipantsA total of 121 patients with aortic coarctation (ages 1–71 years) underwent cardiac MRI, echocardiography and blood pressure measurements.Outcome measuresCross-sectional diameters of the ascending and descending aortas were assessed to compute aortic area distensibility. Findings were compared with age-specific reference values. The study complied with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement and reporting guidelines.ResultsImpaired distensibility (below fifth percentile) was seen in 37% of all patients with coarctation in the ascending aorta and in 43% in the descending aorta. BAVD (43%) and arterial hypertension (72%) were present across all ages. In patients >10 years distensibility impairment of the ascending aorta was predominantly associated with BAVD (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.33 to 7.22, p=0.009). Distensibility impairment of the descending aorta was predominantly associated with arterial hypertension (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.08 to 7.2, p=0.033) and was most pronounced in patients with uncontrolled hypertension despite antihypertensive treatment.ConclusionFrom early adolescence on, both arterial hypertension and BAVD have a major impact on aortic distensibility. Their specific effects differ in strength and localisation (descending vs ascending aorta). Moreover, adequate blood pressure control is associated with improved distensibility. These findings could contribute to the understanding of cardiovascular complications and the management of patients with aortic coarctation.
Overview of the burden of chronic kidney disease in Mexico: secondary data analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
Authors: Agudelo-Botero Marcela , Valdez-Ortiz Rafael , Giraldo-Rodríguez Liliana , González-Robledo María Cecilia , Mino-León Dolores , Rosales-Herrera María Fernanda , Cahuana-Hurtado Lucero , Rojas-Russell Mario Enrique , Dávila-Cervantes Claudio Alberto 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveTo describe the evolution of the burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Mexico by states, sex and subtypes from 1990 to 2017.DesignSecondary data analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2017.ParticipantsMexico and its 32 states. Data were publicly available and de-identified and individuals were not involved.MethodsWe analysed age-standardised mortality rates, years of life lost (YLL) due to premature death, years lived with disability (YLD) and disability-adjusted life years (DALY), as well as the percentage of change of these indicators between 1990 and 2017.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2017, the number of deaths, YLL, YLD and DALY due to CKD increased from 12 395 to 65 033, from 330 717 to 1 544 212, from 86 416 to 210 924 and from 417 133 to 1 755 136, respectively. Age-standardised rates went from 28.7 to 58.1 for deaths (% of change 102.3), from 601.2 to 1296.7 for YLL (% of change 115.7), from 158.3 to 175.4 for YLD (% of change 10.9) and from 759.4 to 1472.2 for DALY (% of change 93.8). The highest burden of CKD was for Puebla and the lowest for Sinaloa. It was also greater for men than women. By subtypes of CKD, diabetes and hypertension were the causes that contributed most to the loss of years of healthy life in the Mexican population.ConclusionsMexico has experienced exponential and unprecedented growth in the burden of CKD with significant differences by states, sex and subtypes. Data from the GBD are key inputs to guide decision-making and focus efforts towards the reduction of inequities in CKD. These results should be considered a valuable resource that can help guide the epidemiological monitoring of this disease and prioritise the most appropriate health interventions.
Mixed-methods approach to understanding clinician macrocognition in the design of a clinical decision support tool: a study protocol
Authors: Assadi Azadeh , Laussen Peter , Trbovich Patricia 
Published: March 2020

IntroductionThe anatomic variants of congenital heart disease (CHD) are multiple. The increased survival of these patients and disposition into communities has led to an increase in their acute presentation to non-CHD experts in primary care clinics and emergency departments. Given the vulnerability and fragility of these patients in the face of acute illness, new clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are urgently needed to better translate the best practice recommendations for the care of these patients. This study aims to understand the perceived confidence and macrocognitive processes of non-CHD experts (emergency medicine physicians) and CHD experts (paediatric cardiac intensivists) when treating children with CHD during acute illness and apply this to optimise the design of a CDSS (MyHeartPass™) for these patients.Methods and analysisThe first phase of the study involves a survey of non-CHD experts and CHD experts to understand their perceived confidence as it relates to treating acutely ill patients with CHD. The second phase is a qualitative cognitive task analysis using critical decision method to characterise and compare the macrocognitive processes used by non-CHD experts and CHD experts during the critical decision making. In phases 3 and 4, heuristic evaluation and usability testing of the CDSS will be completed. These results will be used to inform design changes to the chosen CDSS (MyHeartPass™). In the final phase, a within-participant simulation design will be used to study the effect of the CDSS on clinical decision making compared with baseline (without use of CDSS).Ethics and disseminationEthics approval from The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Ontario, Canada has been obtained for all phases. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences. On successful completion of these studies, it is anticipated that there will be a controlled implementation of the redesigned CDSS.
Mixed-method investigation of health consumers’ perception and experience of participation in patient safety activities
Authors: Lee Nam-Ju , Ahn Shinae , Lee Miseon 
Published: March 2020

ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the factors influencing patient safety behaviours and to explore health customers’ experiences of patient participation in the healthcare system.DesignA mixed-method sequential explanatory design was employed using a survey and focus group interviews with health consumers.SettingThe study was conducted in South Korea using an online survey tool.ParticipantsSurvey data were collected from 493 Korean adults, aged 19 years or older, who had visited hospitals within the most recent 1 year. Focus group interviews were conducted in two groups of six participants each among those of the survey participants who agreed to participate in focus groups.Main outcome measuresThe survey measured the recognition of the importance of participation, extent of willingness to participate and experience of engaging in patient safety activities using a 4-point Likert scale. Qualitative data were collected through focus group interviews to explore health consumers’ experience of patient participation in hospital care, and the data were analysed using content analysis.ResultsThe average score for experience of participation in patient safety behaviours (2.13±0.63) was found to be lower than those of recognition of the importance of participation (3.27±0.51) and willingness to participate (2.62±0.52). By integrating the results of the quantitative and qualitative data analysis, the factors associated with the experience of engaging in healthcare behaviour included patient-related factors, illness-related factors, factors involving relationship between patients and healthcare providers, and healthcare environment factors.ConclusionsTo improve patient participation, it is necessary to create a healthcare environment in which patients can speak comfortably and to provide an education programme reflecting the patients’ needs. Also, healthcare providers must consider patients as partners for patient safety. Shared decision-making procedures and patient-centred care and patient safety policies should be established in hospitals.
Respiratory events associated with concomitant opioid and sedative use among Medicare beneficiaries with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Le Tham Thi , Park Siyeon , Choi Michelle , Wijesinha Marniker , Khokhar Bilal , Simoni-Wastila Linda 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundOpioids and sedatives are commonly prescribed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients for symptoms of dyspnoea, pain, insomnia, depression and anxiety. Older adults are advised to avoid these medications due to increased adverse events, including respiratory events. This study examines respiratory event risks associated with concomitant opioid and sedative use compared with opioid use alone in older adults with COPD.MethodsA 5% nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries with COPD and opioid use between 2009 and 2013 was used for this retrospective cohort study. Current and past concomitant use were identified using drug dispensed within 7 days from the censored date: at respiratory event, at death, or at 12 months post index. Concomitant opioid and sedative use were categorised into no overlap (opioid only), 1 to 10, 11 to 30, 31 to 60 and >60 days of total overlap. The primary outcome was hospitalisation or emergency department (ED) visits for respiratory events (COPD exacerbations or respiratory depression). Propensity score matching was implemented and semi-competing risk models were used to address competing risk by death.ResultsAmong 48 120 eligible beneficiaries, 1810 (16.7%) concomitant users were matched with 9050 (83.3%) opioid only users. Current concomitant use of 1 to 10, 11 to 30 and 31 to 60 days was associated with increased respiratory events (HRs (95% CI): 2.8 (1.2 to 7.3), 9.3 (4.9 to 18.2) and 5.7 (2.5 to 12.5), respectively), compared with opioid only use. Current concomitant use of >60 days or past concomitant use of ≤60 days was not significantly associated with respiratory events. Consistent findings were found in sensitivity analyses, including in subgroup analysis of non-benzodiazepine sedatives. Additionally, current concomitant use significantly increased risk of death.ConclusionShort-term and medium-term current concomitant opioid and sedative use significantly increased risk of respiratory events and death in older COPD Medicare beneficiaries. Long-term past concomitant users, however, demonstrated lower risks of these outcomes, possibly reflecting a healthy user effect or developed tolerance to the effects of these agents.
Staging achilles tendinopathy using ultrasound imaging: the development and investigation of a new ultrasound imaging criteria based on the continuum model of tendon pathology
Authors: Matthews Wesley , Ellis Richard , Furness James W , Rathbone Evelyne , Hing Wayne 
Published: March 2020

AimTo develop a standardised ultrasound imaging (USI)-based criteria for the diagnosis of tendinopathy that aligns with the continuum model of tendon pathology. Secondary aims were to assess both the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the criteria.MethodsA criteria was developed following a face validity assessment and a total of 31 Achilles tendon ultrasound images were analysed. Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were assessed for overall tendinopathy stage (normal, reactive/early dysrepair or late dysrepair/degenerative) as well as for individual parameters (thickness, echogenicity and vascularity). Quadratic weighted kappa (kw) was used to report on reliability.ResultsIntra-rater reliability was ‘substantial’ for overall tendinopathy staging (kwrater A; 0.77, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.94, rater B; 0.70, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.89) and ranged from ‘substantial’ to ‘almost perfect’ for thickness (kwrater A; 0.75, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.90, rater B; 0.84, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.98), echogenicity (kwrater A; 0.78, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.95, rater B; 0.73, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.89) and vascularity (kwrater A; 0.86, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.98, rater B; 0.89, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.99). Inter-rater reliability ranged from ‘substantial’ to ‘almost perfect’ for overall tendinopathy staging (kwround 1; 0.75, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.91, round 2; 0.81, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.99), thickness (kwround 1; 0.65, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.83, round 2; 0.77, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.93), echogenicity (kwround 1; 0.70, 95% CI 0.54 to 0.85, round 2; 0.76, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.94) and vascularity (kwround 1; 0.89, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.99, round 2; 0.86, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.98). Inter-rater reliability increased from ‘substantial’ in round 1 (kw0.75, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.91) to ‘almost perfect’ in round 2 (0.81, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.99).ConclusionIntra-rater and inter-rater reliability were ‘substantial’ to ‘almost perfect’ when utilising an USI-based criteria to diagnose Achilles tendinopathy. This is the first study to use the continuum model of tendon pathology to develop an USI-based criteria to diagnose tendinopathy.
Habitual tub bathing and risks of incident coronary heart disease and stroke
Authors: Ukai Tomohiko , Iso Hiroyasu , Yamagishi Kazumasa , Saito Isao , Kokubo Yoshihiro , Yatsuya Hiroshi , Muraki Isao , Eshak Ehab S , Sawada Norie , Tsugane Shoichiro 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveTub bathing is considered to have a preventive effect against cardiovascular disease (CVD) by improving haemodynamic function. However, no prospective studies have investigated the long-term effects of tub bathing with regard to CVD risk.MethodsA total of 30 076 participants aged 40–59 years with no history of CVD or cancer were followed up from 1990 to 2009. Participants were classified by bathing frequency: zero to two times/week, three to four times/week and almost every day. The HRs of incident CVD were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models after adjusting for traditional CVD risk factors and selected dietary factors.ResultsDuring 538 373 person-years of follow-up, we documented a total of 2097 incident cases of CVD, comprising 328 coronary heart diseases (CHDs) (275 myocardial infarctions and 53 sudden cardiac deaths) and 1769 strokes (991 cerebral infarctions, 510 intracerebral haemorrhages, 255 subarachnoid haemorrhages and 13 unclassified strokes). The multivariable HRs (95% CIs) for almost daily or every day versus zero to two times/week were 0.72 (0.62 to 0.84, trend p<0.001) for total CVD; 0.65 (0.45 to 0.94, trend p=0.065) for CHD; 0.74 (0.62 to 0.87, trend p=0.005) for total stroke; 0.77 (0.62 to 0.97, trend p=0.467) for cerebral infarction; and 0.54 (0.40 to 0.73, trend p<0.001) for intracerebral haemorrhage. No associations were observed between tub bathing frequency and risk of sudden cardiac death or subarachnoid haemorrhage.ConclusionThe frequency of tub bathing was inversely associated with the risk of CVD among middle-aged Japanese.
‘Gun shop projects’ for suicide prevention in the USA: current state and future directions
Authors: Polzer Evan , Brandspigel Sara , Kelly Timothy , Betz Marian 
Published: March 2020

ObjectivesTo describe community-driven suicide prevention partnerships between firearm retailers and public health officials (‘gun shop projects’), including common elements and challenges.MethodsWe conducted qualitative interviews with leaders from state-level and national-level partnerships to determine common features, challenges and strategies used by these groups. Data were coded via theme analysis; two independent coders followed a shared codebook developed in an iterative fashion and with high inter-rater reliability.ResultsAcross 10 interviews, data revealed four main themes: (1) community building was a cornerstone of these efforts; (2) appropriate messaging and language were vital to successes; (3) groups employed various educational and outreach campaigns and (4) groups identified common challenges and obstacles.ConclusionsGun shop project partnerships between firearm retailers and public health officials show promise, with thematic data demonstrating common trends and steps towards successful programme implementation. Evaluative data are needed to determine the impact of these efforts on suicide prevention in local communities.
Different aspects of cognitive function in adult patients with moyamoya disease and its clinical subtypes
Authors: Shi Zhiyong , Wen Yu-Jie , Huang Zheng , Yu Le-Bao , Zhang Dong 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveAlthough a few reports suggested that cognitive function impairment could be found in adult patients with moyamoya disease (MMD), there were still many aspects that are unclear. The aim of our study was to assess the cognitive function of adult patients with MMD and its clinical subtypes.Methods49 patients with MMD and 23 healthy controls were asked to take cognitive function tests. Cognitive function tests included IQ, prospective memory (PM), immediate memory (IM), verbal fluency (VF), visual breadth, attention, retrospective memory (RM), Stroop test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Trail-Making Test Part A (TMT-A) and Continuous Performance Test (CPT). Independent t-analysis, one-way analysis of variance and Pearson correlation were used to seek for differences between subgroups and the correlation between cognitive variables.ResultsCompared with healthy controls, adult patients with MMD had a comprehensive cognitive impairment, including IQ, PM, VF, attention, RM, Stroop, CPT and TMT-A, with more serious impairment in PM and attention. PM and RM were separated, indicating that they were independent of each other. Pattern of attention was significantly different from healthy controls. Female patients were better than male patients, where significant differences in PM, IM, Stroop and WCST could be found. The haemorrhagic patients exhibited poorer in the dimension of PM and RM than the ischaemic. The headache subtype exhibited poorer than healthy controls. PM, RM, attention and executive function were moderately correlated with each other.ConclusionsAdult patients with MMD had a wide range of cognitive impairment with more serious impairment in memory and attention. Differences in cognitive function existed between the different subtypes of adult MMD.
Effects of Broussonetia papyrifera-fermented feed on the growth performance and muscle quality of Hu sheep
Authors: Su Yingyu , Chen Guoshun , Cai Yu , Gao Bolan , Zhi Xijun , Chang Fengjiang 
Published: March 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of adding different proportions of Broussonetia papyrifera (BP)-fermented feed on Hu sheep. A total of 40 male Hu sheep (weighting 20.6 ± 2.20 kg) were collected and then divided into group I, II, III, and IV, with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% of BP-fermented feed to based diet, respectively. After the trial period of 10 and 50 d, the sheep were slaughtered by conventional methods for the chemical analyses. It showed that adding 10% fermented feed could significantly increase the growth performance of the Hu sheep. Adding the fermented feed can improve the protein level, main flavor amino acid content, and fatty acid in the muscle. Based on the headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry methods, a total of 125, 120, 119, and 117 kinds of volatile compounds were identified in group I, II, III, and IV, among which the relative content of the acid compound, ester compound, ketone compound, and aldehydes in group II, III, and IV were higher than that in control group, respectively. Addition of BP-fermented feed could significantly improve growth performance and meat quality of Hu sheep.
Quintessences compact star with Durgapal potential
Authors: Estevez-Delgado Gabino , Estevez-Delgado Joaquin , Murguía Aurelio Tamez , Soto-Espitia Rafael , Cleary-Balderas Arthur 
Published: March 2020

A compact star model formed by quintessence and ordinary matter is presented, both sources have anisotropic pressures and are described by linear state equations, also the state equation of the tangential pressure for the ordinary matter incorporates the effect of the quintessence. It is shown that depending on the compactness of the star [Formula: see text] the constant of proportionality [Formula: see text] between the density of the ordinary matter and the radial pressure, [Formula: see text], has an interval of values which is consistent with the possibility that the matter is formed by a mixture of particles like quarks, neutrons and electrons and not only by one type of them. The geometry is described by the Durgapal metric for [Formula: see text] and each one of the pressures and densities is positive, finite and monotonic decreasing, as well as satisfying the condition of causality and of stability [Formula: see text], which makes our model physically acceptable. The maximum compactness that we have is [Formula: see text], so we can apply our solution considering the observational data of mass and radii [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] km which generate a compactness [Formula: see text] associated to the star PSR J0348[Formula: see text]+[Formula: see text]0432. In this case, the interval of [Formula: see text] and its maximum central density [Formula: see text] and in the surface [Formula: see text] of the star are [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively, meanwhile the central density of the quintessence [Formula: see text].