bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Restricting the relative weights in data envelopment analysis
Authors: Arman Hosein , Hadi‐Vencheh Abdollah 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we address the problem of relative weight restriction in data envelopment analysis (DEA). A fuzzy‐based approach to restricting the relative weights is proposed in this study. Unlike the classical weight restriction methods, the proposed approach has an interactive orientation. That is, similar to analytical hierarchy process, the proposed method shares the decision maker (DM) in weight restriction process. Here, the preferences of DM are asked via pairwise comparison matrices. Then, the weights of factors (inputs/outputs) are extracted from these matrices. These weights, finally, are incorporated in multiplier DEA models as the parametric triangular fuzzy numbers, in which, the parameter value indicates the degree of conformity of the relative weights according to DM views. To best of our knowledge, no one has been yet utilized fuzzy set theory to control the relative weights in DEA. Putting in another word, the contribution of this study is that the authors propose a new approach based on fuzzy set theory to weight restriction in DEA. A last, a real case on financial banking efficiency is used to illustrate the proposed approach.
Nulliparity and postmenopausal status are independent factors of malignancy potential of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia in polyps
Authors: Karakas Latife Atasoy , Atilgan Alev Ok , Akilli Huseyin , Kuscu Ulku Esra , Haberal Ali , Ayhan Ali 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the risk of concurrent endometrial cancer in endometrium when endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) is found within an endometrial polyp and to identify the possible predictive factors for concurrent endometrial cancer.MethodsHistopathologic data of women who underwent hysteroscopy for resection of endometrial polyps at Ankara Baskent University Hospital, between 2011 and 2019 were screened. Patients whose polypectomy report was EIN in a polyp, and who had a final report of the hysterectomy specimen were included. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of concurrent cancer in the hysterectomy material: group 1, concurrent cancer present and group 2, concurrent cancer absent. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS.ResultsA total of 4125 women underwent hysteroscopy for the resection of endometrial polyps. Of those women, 161 (3.9%) were diagnosed as having EIN and 115 met the criteria. The rate of concurrent endometrial cancer was 28.6% (33/115). According to multivariate analysis, nulliparity (odds ratio [OR] 0.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–3.67; p = 0.036) and postmenopausal status (OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.42–0.98; p = 0.042) were found to be independent factors significantly associated with concurrent endometrial cancer.ConclusionThe incidence of concurrent cancer is higher in postmenopausal or nulliparous women when EIN is detected in a polyp.
Microglial Annexin A3 promoted the development of melanoma via activation of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α/vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Bin , Zhang Xiping , Gao Yuan , Song Jianfei , Shi Bailing 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundMelanoma, a relatively common malignancy, has become one of the tumors with the fastest rising incidence in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Microglial Annexin A3 (ANXA3) on melanoma.MethodsSerum samples were obtained from 20 patients with melanoma or 20 healthy controls. Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis was performed. Transcriptome were used to analyze the correlation between ANXA3 expression and overall survival in patients with melanoma. Human melanoma cell lines WM‐115 cells were transfected with ANXA3, si‐ANXA3, ANXA3 + si‐hypoxia inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α), si‐ANXA3 + HIF‐1α, and negative plasmids. Cell proliferation assay, cell invasion assay, and wound healing assay were performed on WM‐115 cells. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and caspase‐3/9 activities were detected by commercial kits. Western blot and RT‐PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression of relation factors.ResultsANXA3 expression was up‐regulated in patients with melanoma in comparison with healthy controls. Over‐expression of ANXA3 promoted cell growth and migration, and reduced cytotoxicity of WM‐115 cells. Overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) of patients with high ANXA3 expression were both lower than those of patients with low ANXA3 expression. Down‐regulation of ANXA3 reduced cell growth and migration, and promoted cytotoxicity of WM‐115 cells. ANXA3 induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway by activation of HIF‐1α.ConclusionIn conclusion, our results indicated that ANXA3 promoted cell growth and migration of melanoma via activation of HIF‐1α/VEGF signaling pathway.
Reporting of Randomized Controlled Trials Investigating an Enteral or Parenteral Nutrition Intervention in Critical Illness According to the CONSORT Statement: A Systematic Review and Recommendation of Minimum Standard Reporting Criteria
Authors: Seddon Nathan , Chapple Lee‐anne S. , Tatucu‐Babet Oana A. , Ridley Emma J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLack of reporting consistency is common in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in critical care nutrition. This impacts synthesis and interpretation and may misinform clinical practice. The objective was to evaluate reporting of parallel‐group RCTs of enteral or parenteral nutrition interventions in critically ill adults against the recommendations in the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2010 guidelines and a priori–defined nutrition criteria. A systematic search of CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL was conducted to identify RCTs published from January 2011 to February 14, 2020. The primary outcome was the percentage of CONSORT criteria “completely met” (a score of 1) from all included studies (out of a total possible score of 37). Secondary outcomes included the percentage of CONSORT criteria that were “partially” or “not met” and the percentage of a priori–defined nutrition criteria that were “completely,” “partially,” or “not met” (adjusted to reflect criteria applicable to the paper). Data are presented as mean (standard deviation). Comparisons of normally distributed continuous data were made using at‐test (P< .05). Of 18,969 articles identified, 56 studies met inclusion criteria. Of these, 60% (19%) of the eligible CONSORT criteria were “completely met,” 20% (9%) “partially met,” and 20% (15%) “not met.” For the nutrition criteria, 41% (20%) of the eligible criteria were “completely met,” 25% (14%) “partially met,” and 34% (17%) “not met.” Reporting against CONSORT guidelines was variable and often incomplete in relation to important a priori–defined nutrition variables.
Peri‐implant marginal mucosa defects: Classification and clinical management
Authors: Gamborena Iñaki , Avila‐Ortiz Gustavo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPeri‐implant marginal mucosa defects (PMMDs) are alterations of the peri‐implant soft tissue architecture characterized by an apical discrepancy of the mucosal margin respective to its ideal position with or without exposure of transmucosal prosthetic components or the implant fixture surface. PMMDs may not only represent an esthetic concern but also predispose to biofilm accumulation and subsequent initiation and progression of peri‐implant inflammatory diseases. A treatment‐driven classification for tooth‐bound, facial PMMDs in non‐molar sites, consisting of three different levels of complexity, is proposed. Clinical recommendations pertaining to the prosthetic and surgical management of each type of PMMD, illustrated with practical examples, are provided with the purpose of facilitating decision‐making processes in daily practice.
Current Practices in Endotracheal Tube Size Selection for Adults
Authors: Cao Austin C. , Rereddy Shruthi , Mirza Natasha 
Published: October 2020

Objectives/HypothesisIntubation with inappropriately sized endotracheal tubes (ETT) can cause long‐term tracheal and laryngeal injuries often requiring surgical intervention. Although tracheal size has been demonstrated to vary based on height and sex, it is unclear whether these guidelines are regularly implemented in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation. The objective of this study is to determine the rate of appropriate ETT size selection in patients undergoing intubation and assess provider decision making in ETT size selection.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsThe study population was all patients who underwent endotracheal intubation over a two‐week period at a tertiary academic medical center. Data were collected on patient age, gender, height, BMI, comorbidities, ETT size, duration of intubation, bronchoscopies, and type of practitioner who performed the intubation. A height‐based nomogram for ETT size selection was used to determine the recommended ETT size for each patient.ResultsOne hundred five patients met the inclusion criteria. 22% of patients were intubated with an inappropriately large tube, defined as 1.0 mm larger than the recommended size. Women were more likely to be intubated with an inappropriately large ETT (OR = 13.58, P = .001), as were patients with height less than 160 cm (OR = 141, P = .001). Other factors related to disease severity, anticipation for bronchoscopy, and BMI were not risk factors for the use of inappropriately large ETT.ConclusionsAlthough there is compelling evidence that height is a strong predictor of tracheal morphology and appropriate ETT size, height‐based guidelines have yet to be universally adopted for ETT size selection. Laryngoscope, 131:1967–1971, 2021
Seeing is believing: Current methods to observe sperm acrosomal exocytosis in real time
Authors: Balestrini Paula A. , Jabloñski Martina , Schiavi‐Ehrenhaus Liza J. , Marín‐Briggiler Clara I. , Sánchez‐Cárdenas Claudia , Darszon Alberto , Krapf Darío , Buffone Mariano G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAcrosomal exocytosis (AR) is a critical process that sperm need to undergo to fertilize an egg. The evaluation of the presence or absence of the acrosome is usually performed by using lectins or dyes in fixed cells. With this approach, it is neither possible to monitor the dynamic process of exocytosis and related molecular events while discriminating between live and dead cells, nor to evaluate the acrosomal status while sperm reside in the female reproductive tract. However, over the last two decades, several new methodologies have been used to assess the occurrence of AR in living cells allowing different groups to obtain information that was not possible in the past. These techniques have revolutionized the whole study of this process. This review summarizes current methods available to analyze AR in living cells as well as the important information that emerged from studies using these approaches.
Confounding factors in breast magnetic resonance fingerprinting: , slice profile, and diffusion effects
Authors: Nolte Teresa , Scholten Hannah , Gross‐Weege Nicolas , Amthor Thomas , Koken Peter , Doneva Mariya , Schulz Volkmar 
Published: October 2020

PurposeMagnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) offers rapid quantitative imaging but may be subject to confounding effects (CE) if these are not included in the model‐based reconstruction. This study characterizes the influence of in‐plane , slice profile and diffusion effects on T1 and T2 estimation in the female breast at 1.5T.MethodsSimulations were used to predict the influence of each CE on the accuracy of MRF and to investigate the influence of electronic noise and spiral aliasing artefacts. The experimentally observed bias in regions of fibroglandular tissue (FGT) and fatty tissue (FT) was analyzed for undersampled spiral breast MRF data of 6 healthy volunteers by performing MRF reconstruction with and without a CE.ResultsTheoretic analysis predicts T1 under‐/T2 overestimation if the nominal flip angles are underestimated and inversely, T1 under‐/T2 overestimation if omitting slice profile correction, and T1 under‐/T2 underestimation if omitting diffusion in the signal model. Averaged over repeated signal simulations, including spiral aliasing artefacts affected precision more than accuracy. Strong in‐plane effects occurred in vivo, causing T2 left–right inhomogeneity between both breasts. Their correction decreased the T2 difference from 29 to 5 ms in FGT and from 29 to 9 ms in FT. Slice profile correction affected FGT T2 most strongly, resulting in −22% smaller values. For the employed spoiler gradient strengths, diffusion did not affect the parameter maps, corresponding well with theoretic predictions.ConclusionUnderstanding CEs and their relative significance for an MRF sequence is important when defining an MRF signal model for accurate parameter mapping.
Speed‐up of the Madeira tip jets in the ERA5 climate highlights the decadal variability of the Atlantic subtropics
Authors: Miranda P. M. A. , Tomé R. , Frois L. , Nogueira M. , Alves J.M.R. , Prior V. , Caldeira R. , Dutra E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDuring the summer months, the northeasterly trade winds impinging on Madeira Island lead to the establishment of a quasi‐permanent wind pattern with two tip jets emerging near the western and eastern island tips. These jets respond to subtle changes of the upstream flow with an amplified signal, and a high‐resolution simulation of the regional atmospheric flow is found to indicate an intensification, associated with a lowering of the atmospheric boundary layer and a slight realignment of the background flow. These results are validated by observations at Madeira Airport, where the proximity of the East Jet has led to less favourable wind conditions for aircraft operations in the last decade. It is suggested that these trends may be explained by large‐scale changes in the structure of the Hadley Cell in the North Atlantic basin.
An evaluation of surface meteorology and fluxes over the Iceland and Greenland Seas in ERA5 reanalysis: The impact of sea ice distribution
Authors: Renfrew I. A. , Barrell C. , Elvidge A. D. , Brooke J. K. , Duscha C. , King J. C. , Kristiansen J. , Cope T. Lachlan , Moore G. W. K. , Pickart R. S. , Reuder J. , Sandu I. , Sergeev D. , Terpstra A. , Våge K. , Weiss A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Iceland and Greenland Seas are a crucial region for the climate system, being the headwaters of the lower limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Investigating the atmosphere–ocean–ice processes in this region often necessitates the use of meteorological reanalyses—a representation of the atmospheric state based on the assimilation of observations into a numerical weather prediction system. Knowing the quality of reanalysis products is vital for their proper use. Here we evaluate the surface‐layer meteorology and surface turbulent fluxes in winter and spring for the latest reanalysis from the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts, i.e., ERA5. In situ observations from a meteorological buoy, a research vessel, and a research aircraft during the Iceland–Greenland Seas Project provide unparalleled coverage of this climatically important region. The observations are independent of ERA5. They allow a comprehensive evaluation of the surface meteorology and fluxes of these subpolar seas and, for the first time, a specific focus on the marginal ice zone. Over the ice‐free ocean, ERA5 generally compares well to the observations of surface‐layer meteorology and turbulent fluxes. However, over the marginal ice zone, the correspondence is noticeably less accurate: for example, the root‐mean‐square errors are significantly higher for surface temperature, wind speed, and surface sensible heat flux. The primary reason for the difference in reanalysis quality is an overly smooth sea‐ice distribution in the surface boundary conditions used in ERA5. Particularly over the marginal ice zone, unrepresented variability and uncertainties in how to parameterize surface exchange compromise the quality of the reanalyses. A parallel evaluation of higher‐resolution forecast fields from the Met Office's Unified Model corroborates these findings.
Inference for dependence competing risks with partially observed failure causes from bivariate Gompertz distribution under generalized progressive hybrid censoring
Authors: Wang Liang , Tripathi Yogesh Mani , Dey Sanku , Shi Yimin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCompeting risks model is considered with dependence causes of failure in this paper. When the latent failure times are distributed by a bivariate Gompertz model, statistical inference for the unknown model parameters is studied from classical and Bayesian approaches, respectively. Under a generalized progressive hybrid censoring, maximum likelihood estimators of the unknown parameters together with the associated existence and uniqueness are established, and the approximate confidence intervals are also obtained based on asymptotic likelihood theory via the observed Fisher information matrix. Moreover, Bayes estimates and the highest posterior density credible intervals of the unknown parameters are also provided based on a flexible Gamma–Dirichlet prior, and Monte Carlo sampling method is also derived to compute associated estimates. Finally, simulation studies and a real‐life example are given for illustration purposes.
Impact of computer modeling on learning and teaching systems thinking
Authors: Nguyen Ha , Santagata Rossella 
Published: October 2020

AbstractResearchers have found that computer modeling fosters the learning of causal mechanisms in systems, an important crosscutting concept in science that many novice learners find challenging. Despite the research that highlights the role of teacher's instructional practices in enacting computer tools, few studies have considered teachers' use of computer modeling and its implications for student learning in classroom interactions, compared to interactions without computer tools. In this study, we examine (a) the impact of computer modeling on students' understanding of causal links in decomposition and (b) classroom interactions with use of computer modeling. We employed a quasi‐experimental design with eight middle school science classes that served predominately Latinx students. The random treatment was at the class level (computer modeling;n= 60, four classes) and control (paper modeling;n= 59, four classes). Analyses incorporated student preassessment and postassessment, classroom observations, and audio‐recorded modeling instruction. Results indicate that compared to paper modeling, computer modeling enriched systems thinking, particularly students' ability to provide causally coherent statements in explaining scientific ideas and evidence. Enactment of computer modeling may be associated with a shift in classroom interactions to include more invitation for students' elaboration of causal systems. We discuss aspects of computer modeling that may foster systems thinking, with implications for the future design of tools and curricula.
Time‐lapse geophysical assessment of agricultural practices on soil moisture dynamics
Authors: Blanchy Guillaume , Watts Chris. W. , Richards Jake , Bussell Jennifer , Huntenburg Katharina , Sparkes Debbie L. , Stalham Mark , Hawkesford Malcolm J. , Whalley W. Richard , Binley Andrew 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGeophysical surveys are now commonly used in agriculture for mapping applications. High‐throughput collection of geophysical properties such as electrical conductivity (inverse of resistivity) can be used as a proxy for soil properties of interest (e.g., moisture, texture, salinity). Most applications only rely on a single geophysical survey at a given time. However, time‐lapse geophysical surveys have greater capabilities to characterize the dynamics of the system, which is the focus of this work. Assessing the impact of agricultural practices through the growth season can reveal important information for the crop production. In this work, we demonstrate the use of time‐lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and electromagnetic induction (EMI) surveys through a series of three case studies illustrating common agricultural practices (cover crops, compaction with irrigation, and tillage with N fertilization). In the first case study, time‐lapse EMI reveals the initial effect of cover crops on soil drying and the absence of effect on the subsequent main crop. In the second case study, compaction leading to a shallower drying depth for potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) was imaged by time‐lapse ERT. In the third case study, larger changes in electrical conductivity over time were observed in conventional tillage compared with direct drill using time‐lapse EMI. In addition, different N application rates had a significant effect on the yield and leaf area index but only ephemeral effects on the dynamics of electrical conductivity, mainly after the first application. Overall, time‐lapse geophysical surveys show great potential for monitoring the impact of different agricultural practices that can influence crop yield.
Wind farm power output optimization using cooperative control methods
Authors: Deljouyi Nasim , Nobakhti Amin , Abdolahi Abdollah 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe study the application of cooperative control and game theoretic approaches to wind farm optimization. The conventional (greedy) wind farm control strategy seeks to individually maximize each turbine power. However, this strategy does not maximize the overall power production of wind farms due to the aerodynamic interactions (wake effect) between the turbines. We formulate the wind farm power optimization problem as an identical interest game which can also be used to solve other cooperative control problems. Two model‐free learning algorithms are developed to obtain the optimal axial induction factors of the turbines and maximize power production. The algorithms are simulated for a four‐turbine wind farm and the Princess Amalia wind farm and are compared to a learning algorithm that uses a game‐theoretic approach. It is shown that the proposed algorithms improve upon benchmark algorithm in terms of both performance and actuation effort.
Findings from the LHC/HL-LHC Programme
Authors: Bastianin Andrea 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This note summarizes the results of a social Cost–Benefit Analysis (CBA) of the High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The social CBA methodology is well-suited to assess social costs and benefits of the HL-LHC up to 2038. The analysis shows that the ratio between incremental benefits and incremental costs of the HL-LHC with respect to operating the LHC under normal consolidation (i.e. without high-luminosity upgrade) is slightly over 1.7, meaning that each Swiss Franc invested in the HL-LHC upgrade project pays back approximately 1.7 CHF in societal benefits. The rest of the note is organized as follows. We first discuss the merits of CBA; next, we present the methodology and discuss the results.
Leveraging the Economic Potential of FCC’s Technologies and Processes
Authors: Kretzschmar Linn 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
An international consortium of more than 150 organizations worldwide is studying the feasibility of various future particle colliders to expand our understanding of the inner workings of the Universe. At the core of the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study is the design of a 100 km long circular particle collider infrastructure that could extend CERN’s current accelerator complex with an integral research program that spans 70 years. The first step would be an intensity-frontier electron-positron collider allowing to study with precision the Higgs couplings with many of the Standard Model particles and search with high-precision for new physics while the ultimate goal is to build a proton collider with a c.m.s collision energy seven times larger than the Large Hadron Collider. Hosted in the same tunnel and profiting from the new infrastructure, FCC-hh would allow to explore a new energy regime where new physics may be at play.