bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Existing dairy buffalo production system under intensive condition in drought prone Dinajpur district of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman SMR , Islam MN , Rashid MH , Sarker NR , Siddiki MSR , Islam MA 
Published: May 2020

An attempt was made to study the existing production and management system under intensive buffalo farming at Dinajpur district, a drought area of Bangladesh. Thirty two farmers were selected for this study. Direct interview with farmers, farm observation, community discussions and key informant interview (KII) were carried out to achieve the study. Two types of intensive system were found, namely – household yard (HYI) and completely intensive (CI). It was observed that in HYI system during the day time the animals were kept in yard and in confinement at night. On the contrary, animals were always remained in the shed under CI system. Feeding practice and utilization of feed resources were found different in HYI and CI farming. Showering of dairy buffaloes was observed as common practices in both production systems. All productive e.g. milk yield, lactation yield, lactation length and dry period and reproductive traits e.g. service per conception, age at first pregnancy, age at first calving and post/partum heat period under CI production system were found significantly (p≤0.05) better than that of the HYI systems. Significantly (p≤0.05) higher total solids and fat were found in milk from CI system compared to the HYI system, but in case of protein it was opposite. Natural breeding showed as more prominent practice than that of the artificial insemination in both farming systems. All the farmers practiced colostrum feeding and the calf mortality ranges from 7-8%. Regarding the primary health care, CI farmers were found to be more attentive than the HYI farmers. Most of the buffaloes showed heat from early night to early morning (78.7%). Problem matrix revealed that the top ranked order of problems were “inadequate knowledge”, “high price of feed” and “low milk price”. However, both systems were found as a profitable venture (benefit cost ratio1.33 in HYI and 1.25 in CI).
Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 103-117, 2018
Impact of goat population management strategies on goat meat production in Bangladesh
Authors: Yasmin F , Huque KS , Chowdhury SA , Miyan MAH 
Published: May 2020

To increase goat-meat production, this study has been aimed to evaluate goat-meat production potentiality using different management strategies of goat-population rather than goat-meat productivity management in Bangladesh. Simulation Matrix (SIMM) model was used under three scenarios of goat-population management strategies such as Scenario1(Base rate): 2 kids/year production with 30% kid mortality, Scenario 2: Production of 6 kids/year with 30% kid mortality and Scenario 3: Production of 6 kids/year with 10% kid mortality to analyze their impact on goat-meat production in Bangladesh. Results showed on average only 270.09 thousand ton /year of goat-meat can produce at the existing rate (2 kids Production/year with 30% kid mortality). If it is possible to increase kid production up to 6 then can produce on average 23714.4 thousand ton/year of goat-meat. Further, it is possible to reduce the kid mortality rate up to 10%, goat-meat is the highest 932430.0 thousand ton/year. Result indicated a great positive impact of goat-population management strategies on goat-meat production. Therefore, 10% kid mortality rate with 6 kids/year production of goat-population management could be suitable management or best strategy for higher goat-meat production in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 118-126, 2018
In vitro production of zygote from slaughterhouse driven buffalo oocyte
Authors: Deb GK , Miraz MFH , Hossain SMJ , Afroz MF , Kabir MA , Akhter S 
Published: May 2020

Buffalo is a highly potential animal species in terms of milk and meat production but traditionally they are regarded as poor breeder. In vitro embryos production technology has been introduced in many countries to improve reproductive efficiency of buffalo. Considering the above fact, the present study was undertaken aiming to produce in vitro buffalo embryo in the laboratory. Ovaries of slaughtered buffaloes were collected from abattoir and transported to the laboratory within 4 to 5 hr of slaughter. Cumulusoocyte- complexes (COCs) possessing an even cytoplasm and covered with minimum 3 layers of compact cumulus cells was selected for in vitro maturation (IVM) for 24 hr (5% CO2 in air at 38.5°C with maximum humidity). After IVM, the presumptive matured COCs were co-cultured with capacitated fresh spermatozoa for 18 hr After IVF, the presumptive zygote were denuded, washed and transferred in to in vitro culture medium (IVC 1) for 3 days. After three days cleavage were recorded and 4 cell embryos were transferred in to in vitro culture media II for next 2 days. The development of embryos was evaluated on day 6. A total of 227 buffalo ovaries were collected from the slaughterhouse and categorized into 2 groups based on presence (n=83) or absence (n=144) of corpus luteum (CL). A total of 1464 follicles were counted on the ovarian surface, 1066 being from CL absent and 398 from CL-containing ovaries. A significantly higher (P<0.01) number of follicles, aspirated follicles, normal COCs and total COCs (7.4 ± 0.21, 5 ± 0.00, 1.98 ± 0.77 and 2.98 ± 0.16 respectively) were observed in CL-absent ovaries than those aspirated from CL-containing ovaries (4.80 ± 0.17, 3.92 ± 0.95, 0.88 ± 0.60 and 1.88 ± 0.16 respectively). Total 358 normal COCs were set for in vitro maturation and underwent for IVF and IVC. Results showed that cleavage rates were 56.42%. Among the cleaved embryos, 137 were at 2-cell stage and 65 were at 4-cell stage. Therefore, development rate to 2 cell and 4-cell stage was 38.27% and 18.15% respectively. No embryo developed beyond 4-cell stage. This result indicates that follicle and oocyte numbers and oocyte quality are associated with CL of ovaries and current culture system support in vitro embryo production upto 4-cell stage. The in vitro culture condition may be improved for increasing efficiency of embryo production.
Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 127-132, 2018
Income status of different fodder farmers in selected areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam S , Begum J , Sarker NR , Khatun M 
Published: May 2020

Producing and trading of green fodder are recognised as a profitable venture in many parts of the country, but data and information in this aspect are very scanty. The study determined the income coefficient of fodder farm households to study the fodder marketing and processing in different locations, and highlighted farmers problems related to fodder marketing and processing. In this regard, four study areas were selected from four districts viz: Dinajpur, Jessore, Kurigram and Rangpur purposively considering the concentration of fodder production and marketing. A purposive sampling technique was followed for collecting primary data from the field. In the study 3 categories of sample farmers were selected namely: i) Fodder Producer cum seller; ii) Fodder Producer cum Dairy owner having 1-2 dairy cows as small, 3-4 dairy cows as medium and 5 and above dairy cows as large farmer and iii) Fodder Middlemen. A total of 200 fodder farmers were interviewed. Field survey method and focus group discussions were followed to collect necessary data and information. Descriptive statistics and Cobb Douglas type revenue function were applied to meet the objectives and to get the desirable outputs. Functional analysis revealed that fodder sale and livestock rearing and fodder business significantly contributed to the household income of the fodder farmers and middlemen. The dairy farmers having 1-2, 3-4 and 4-5 cross-bred dairy cattle earned Tk. 1,20,227, Tk. 1,91,728 and Tk. 4,17,287, respectively, whereas local cattle earned Tk. 33, 658, Tk. 51,601 and Tk. 1,13,558, respectively from milk sell annually. It was found that fodder middlemen’s income from fodder business highest in Kurigram district and lowest in Jessore district. Fodder processing was not happened in the study areas. Main marketing channels were: (i) Producer cum seller-Dairy owner and (ii) Producer cum seller-Fodder Middlemen-Dairy owner. Fodder farmers faced various socioeconomic problems during its processing and marketing. The major problems were the lack of HYV fodder species, lack of knowledge, lack of input facilities, and lack of marketing facilities. The government should provide HYV fodder, cultivation training, preservation technique, and organized market to the fodder farmers in the study areas.
Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 133-141, 2018
Isolation and biochemical characterization of probiotic bacteria obtained from yogurt samples of Rajshahi and Chittagong divisions of Bangladesh and their antimicrobial activity against enteric pathogens
Authors: Hossain KM , Barai P , Rahman SMM , Mazid MF Al , Gazi MS , Jalil MA 
Published: May 2020

Probiotics are generally live microorganisms which exert beneficial effects on human and animal health by improving the gastrointestinal microflora. Isolation and proper identification of probiotic bacteria are very much important for safe use in food and feed industry. With this perceptive, the aim of the present study was the isolation of probiotic bacteria and their biochemical characterization. In this study, ten probiotic Lactobacillus spp. was isolated and according to their morphological, physiological and biochemical assay, it was observed that all the isolated bacteria were rod shaped, gram positive, catalase negative, non-motile and coagulase positive which are an indicator of typical probiotic bacteria. Carbohydrate fermentation pattern and growth against inhibitory substances viz. pH 3.0, 0.3% bile, 0.1-0.4% phenol and 1-6% NaCl ensured the criteria for identification of the probiotic bacteria. All the isolated bacteria showed excellent growth against low pH (3.0) and bile (0.3%) in a 24 hour period of time. Isolated bacteria were tested for their antimicrobial activity against eight human and animal enteric pathogens and showed promising antimicrobial efficacy against the selective pathogens. Further research regarding, molecular characterization and identification of specific genes and proteins of interest through technological intervention may help to develop next generation bacteriocins and industrially important drug for human and animals.
Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 142-152, 2018
Performance study of Non-descript, Hilly and Naked Neck indigenous chicken at fifth generation
Authors: Faruque S , Bhuiyan AKFM , Rahman MOA , Sarker MSK , Sarker NR 
Published: May 2020

The present study was conducted at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka to assess the performances of three Indigenous Chicken genotypes under intensive management. A total of 1128-day-old chicks comprising of 3 types of chicken namely Naked Neck (NN), Hilly (H) and Non-descript Deshi (ND) were hatched in one batch for this study. Significant (p<0.001) body weight differences among the genotypes were observed at 12th and 16th weeks of age, with the highest body weight observed for H genotype (1250.71±27.71, and 1502.54±36.81g) among the other two genotypes. NN genotype (2.85%) had significantly higher chick mortality than ND (0.68 %) and H (2.08 %) genotypes at 0-8 weeks of age. The age at first egg laid was significantly (p<0.001) affected by genotype. The age at which Indigenous Chickens start laying eggs ranged from 152.79 to 161.95 days. The Hen-day egg production (HDEP%) observed in the present study were affected significantly (p<0.001) by genotype. In this study, the average HDEP% of ND, H and NN were found to be 38.44±2.18, 30.43±2.10 and 41.95±2.11. Eight week body weight of males ND, H and NN birds were expected to increase by 64.7, 46.1 and 43.9g, respectively. While in females ND, H and NN birds, the expected responses were 21.5, 27.9 and 10.7g, respectively
Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 153-158, 2018
Study of on-farm pre and post-natal feeding practices of Red Chittagong Cattle
Authors: Das NG , Sarker NR , Huque KS , Talukdar MAI 
Published: May 2020

The study was conducted with the objective to investigate prenatal and postnatal performances of Red Chittagong Cattle (RCC) cows in subsistence feeding and nutrition compared to those in improved feeding system. Twenty RCC cows with average initial live weight of 204.6 (±29) kg at their 2nd or 3rd parity and at about seven months of pregnancy were divided into two equal groups and assigned to two dietary treatments: one group was fed as per farmers’ choice, while another was fed 25% higher metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) than requirements through concentrates, according to ARC (2009). Cows in farmers’ diet during last 50 days of pregnancy fed lower ME and CP (42.4 MJ and 445 g, respectively) than their daily requirements (43.5 MJ and 519 g, respectively), resulted in lower birth weight of calves compared to improved feeding (13.36 and 15.12 kg, respectively) where daily ME and CP intake was 57.77 MJ and 603 g. In first 60 days of lactation, cows under farmers’ diet fed required amount of ME and CP (44.83 MJ and 471g, respectively) compared to requirement (42 MJ and 388g, respectively). However, cows in improved diet fed 1.28 and 1.42 times higher ME and CP (52.92 MJ and 563 g) than requirements, and produced higher milk (1.97 and 2.50 L/d; P<0.05) and daily gain (122 and 274 g/d; P<0.01), compared to that of farmers’ diet cows. Therefore, it was concluded that diet of RCC cows in late pregnancy may be supplemented with CP in order to produce higher birth weight of calves. In case of lactating cows, a cost effective supplementation of concentrate mixture for increasing milk production and daily gain may be investigated by doing further research.
Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 159-167, 2018
Attitude and perception toward anthrax among cattle owners in selected rural communities in Bangladesh
Authors: Karim MR , Samad MA , Ali MZ , Rahman MH , Hassan MZ , Yousuf MA , Kabir MH , Swapnil AM , Giasuddin M 
Published: May 2020

Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by spore forming Bacillus anthracis. Throughout the world, it causes illness in livestock, wildlife and sometimes secondarily infects humans and causes a major public health threat. The study was conducted to assess cattle owners’ awareness, perceptions and attitudes toward anthrax. Data on awareness of anthrax, clinical signs of anthrax in animals and human, its routes of transmission and methods of prevention, the families’ consumption habits of anthrax-infected carcasses, and other family activities that increase exposure to anthrax were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Overall, the level of awareness amongst the farmers for anthrax was 71.5%. All of the farmers were aware that anthrax occurs in cattle, and 54% indicated the presence of unclotting blood oozing from natural orifices as a consistent finding in cattle that died of anthrax, whereas 71.2% of them indicated the presence of skin lesions as the most common sign of the disease in humans. The good efficacy of human anthrax treatment (62%), slaughter of moribund cattle and selling of meat from cattle found dead to unsuspecting consumers (68%), reluctance to lose animals (28%), and forgetting about anthrax (46.4%) were mentioned as the major reasons for consuming anthrax-infected carcasses. Of the respondents 79.2% of cattle owners indicated that they would not consume meat from cattle found dead, because they were discouraged by veterinary authorities, therefore introducing meat inspection services is likely to have a positive impact in preventing human anthrax outbreaks in selected areas of Bangladesh.
Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 168-172, 2018
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Development of jute, cotton and sheep wool blended yarn using cotton spinning system
Authors: Hossain MT , Ershaduzzaman M , Jubayer MMU , Molla JB , Majumder MKH 
Published: May 2020

A large number of farmers are rearing sheep in Bangladesh. Enormous quantity of local sheep wool are wasted due to lack of processing and proper applications. As the consciousness is growing for the use of natural fibre products, this wool can play a significant role. If proper processing technology can be employed in this sector, the natural fibre will be a good resource for us and will meet today’s necessity in all respects of life. Wool is normally collected from sheep by shearing in our country. A total of about 2.5 thousand metric tons of raw wool can be collected from local sheep every year. Therefore, the present experiment was undertaken to know the physico-mechanical properties of blended yarn. Wool and jute were treated with chemicals, washed, dried and opened to form spin able fibre. After that, jute, cotton and wool fibres were turned to blended yarn through cotton processing system. In results, it was observed that 30% wool, 30% jute and 40% cotton fibre 12s blended yarn used for blended yarn production. Therefore, Wool, jute and cotton blended yarn may be a new horizon for developing diversified products.
Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 173-177, 2018
Validation of non-electric chick brooding system in different areas of Bangladesh- A new device for rural poultry farmers
Authors: Rashid MA , Islam MS , Khatun H , Nessa K , Islam MN , Rahman MM 
Published: May 2020

The experiment was conducted to validate an alternative chick brooding device developed for rural poultry farmers in 3 Technology Dissemination Area (TDA) of Poultry Technology Development and Dissemination Project (PTDDP) during winter. The device is a locally designed drum type non-electric chick brooder. A total of 8 poultry farmers in two groups (500 and 1000 chicks) used the specially designed brooder of different sizes. The size of the drum (Height, H- 40.64 × Diameter, D- 45.72) and (H-40.64 × D- 60.96) cm found suitable for 500 and 1000 chicks respectively. The diameter of the hover should double of diameter of the drum with 15 cm long down ward lid around the hover and two bottom outlets for each drum. Manufacturing cost and brooding cost were TK. 2250 and TK. 900 for 500 chicks and TK. 1750 and Tk.1350 for 1000 chicks respectively. The drum designed for 500 and 1000 chicks required 25 kg and 35 kg of saw dust in one time filling that could produce heat for 14 and 22 hours, respectively. Better growth performance as well as profitability was found in non-electric chick brooding groups than the brooding with electricity and diesel burner (locally known as Hericane). It may be concluded that the newly developed non electric chick brooding device could be suitable as an alternative chick brooding system for rural poultry farmers, especially in the areas where there is no electricity supply.
Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 178-182, 2018
Biometrical analysis of bovine female reproductive system
Authors: Deb GK , Dey SR , Alam MK , Sarker NR , Rahman MM , Nahar TN , Miraz MFH 
Published: May 2020

This study was conducted to investigate basic biometric information on organs of female reproductive system of indigenous cows. Ovaries were grouped on the basis of corpus luteum (CL) and ovarian position in the tract. Visible follicles were counted and graded as small (<3.00mm), medium (3.0 to 8.0mm) and large (>8.0mm). Oocytes were recovered from all visible follicles and graded into four groups (grade 1 to 4). Results showed that the oviduct, horn, body of the uterus and cervix of cow’s reproductive system were longer and wider than heifers, respectively. Except length, the width and visible follicle numbers in the ovary did not vary with ovarian position or CL. Weight of left and right ovaries did not differ. Weight of ovary was increased (P>0.01) in presence of CL. Each ovary possessed 9.65±5.91visible follicles belonging to small (5.38±0.37), medium (3.57±0.23) and large (0.72±0.07) groups. Oocyte recovery rate was 62.16±1.46%. Among the recovered oocytes 52.01±1.63% were belonging to grade 1 and 2. This study provides baseline on biometry of female reproductive system along with follicular statistics of indigenous cows.
Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 20(1-2): 1-7, Jan-Dec 2013
Estimation of genetic parameters and prediction of breeding values for some economic traits of Black Bengal Goat under farming condition
Authors: Jalil MA , Akther S , Choudhury MP , Habib MA 
Published: May 2020

The study was undertaken to evaluate the genetic progress of Black Bengal Goat (BBG) by estimating genetic parameters viz. heritability and breeding values for economically important productive and reproductive traits (birth weight, weight at 3, 6, 9 & 12 months, daily milk yield, lactation length, total milk yield and litter size of BBG goat population). Variance and co-variance components were analyzed applying Residual Maximum Likelihood (REML) approach by VCE 4.2.5 computer package. The heritability (h2) of birth weight was estimated as 0.2, which was low. The heritability estimates for 3-month weight (0.40), 6-month weight (0.50), 9-month weight (0.37) and 12-month weight (0.36) were found medium. Estimated h2 of daily milk yield, total milk yield and lactation length in this study were from 0.55 to 0.82. h2 of litter size was 0.09. The maximum estimated breeding value (EBV) was found for 6 month body weight (12.94 kg), however, for daily milk yield, the value was 1.513 kg. The results found in this study revealed that genetic improvement of BBG for most of the traits is possible by selection and breeding.
Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 20(1-2): 8-17, Jan-Dec 2013
Genetic identification and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) based analysis of Myxovirus resistant gene (Mx) of chicken in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam J , Hasan M , Hasan K , Giasuddin M , Rahman MH , Alam MS , Taimur MJFA 
Published: May 2020

The Myxovirus resistant gene (Mx) codes for Mx protein with antiviral activity. Mx gene has been found in yeast and vertebrates ranging from fish to humans. In the present study Mx gene and its diversity in chicken is reported. A total of 42 blood samples were collected from different groups of chicken and were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The diversity of Mx gene was enumerated by RFLP of PCR product with RsaI and SspI restriction enzyme. Mx gene was amplified from all the tested samples (100%) with the primers used. The primers amplified specific 100bp and 300bp DNA fragments from Mx gene. RFLP analysis of PCR product obtained with mismatched primers revealed that three types of Mx gene allele are prevailing in the tested samples; these are homozygous resistant Mx allelic gene (R/R), heterozygous Mx allelic gene (R/S) and homozygous sensitive Mx allelic gene (S/S). The proportions of each gene allele in the sampled chicken were 42.86% R/R, 42.86% S/S and 14.29% R/S. Interestingly, variation in Mx gene was observed within and between the groups of chicken. Present study has limitations like number of sample, species of bird sampled, etc. However, the study provides the genetic basis to some extent of chicken about resistance or sensitivity to avian influenza. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of Mx gene related study in chicken in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 20(1-2): 18-25, Jan-Dec 2013