bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors for ARDS: clinical, physiological and atypical immunodeficiency
Authors: Song Min , Liu Yijie , Lu Zhiwen , Luo Hong , Peng Hong , Chen Ping 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The risk factors affecting the prognosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults were investigated. The aim was to identify new predictors of prognosis in ARDS patients, including those with clinical, pathophysiological, and atypical immunodeficiency.
Methods: ARDS patients were retrospectively included. Patients were grouped and analysed according to different oxygenation index grades and prognosis, and the factors influencing prognosis and survival were analysed. Adolescent patients, patients with typical immunodeficiency and patients who died within 24 hours after being diagnosed with ARDS were excluded. The predictive value for mortality was determined by Cox proportional hazard analysis.
Results: In total, 201 patients who fulfilled the Berlin definition of ARDS were included. The severity of critical illness on the day of enrolment, as measured by the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score (P=0.016), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (P=0.027), and PaO 2 /FiO 2 (P=0.000), worsened from mild to severe ARDS. Compared with survivors, non-survivors had significantly older age and higher APACHE II and SOFA scores. Moreover, significantly lower lymphocyte/neutrophil ratios and leukocyte counts were found in non-survivors than in survivors (P=0.008, P=0.012). Furthermore, there was a moderate positive correlation between the lymphocyte/neutrophil and PaO 2 /FiO 2 ratios (P=0.023). The area under the curve (AUC) for the lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio was significantly greater than those for the body mass index (BMI) alone, PaO 2 /FiO 2 ratio alone, and lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio alone for predicting 100-day survival in patients with ARDS (P=0.0062, 0.0001, and 0.0154). Age (per log 10 years), BMI<24, the SOFA score, leukocyte count, and the lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio were independent predictors of 28-day mortality in ARDS patients. Moreover, ARDS patients with a lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio <0.0537 had elevated 28-day mortality (P=0.0283). Old age affected both 28-day and 100-day mortality (P=0.0064,0.0057).
Conclusions: Age (per log 10 years), BMI<24, SOFA score, lymphocytes, and the lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio were independent predictors of 100-day mortality in patients with ARDS. The lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio may represent a potential molecular marker to evaluate atypical immunosuppression or impairment in patients with ARDS.
The combination of transversus abdominis plane block and rectus sheath block reduced postoperative pain after splenectomy: a randomized trial
Authors: Zhu Jingli , Wang Xue-ting , Gong Jing , Sun Hai-bin , Zhao Xiao-qing , Gao Wei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Splenectomy performed with a curved incision results in severe postoperative pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of transversus abdominis plane block and rectus sheath block on postoperative pain relief and recovery.
M ethods: A total of 150 patients were randomized into the control (C), levobupivacaine (L) and levobupivacaine / morphine (LM) groups. The patients in the C group received only patient-controlled analgesia. The patients in the L and LM groups received transversus abdominis plane block and rectus sheath block with levobupivacaine or levobupivacaine plus morphine. The intraoperative opioid consumption; postoperative pain score; time to first analgesic use; postoperative recovery data, including the times of first exhaust, defecation, oral intake and off-bed activity; the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and antiemetics use; and the satisfaction score were recorded.
Results: Transversus abdominis plane block and rectus sheath block reduced intraoperative opioid consumption. The patients in the LM group showed lower postoperative pain scores, opioid consumption, postoperative nausea and vomiting incidence and antiemetic use and presented shorter recovery times and higher satisfaction scores.
Conclusions: The combination of transversus abdominis plane block and rectus sheath block with levobupivacaine and morphine can improve postoperative pain relief, reduce the consumption of analgesics, and partly accelerate postoperative recovery.
Psychometric Evaluation of Two Short Versions of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale
Authors: Klaufus Leonie , Verlinden Eva , Wal Marcel van der , Kösters Mia , Cuijpers Pim , Chinapaw Mai 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Anxiety and depression are common in children and adolescents, which can be detected via self-report questionnaires in non-clinical settings like the school environment. Two short versions of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (i.e., RCADS-25 and RCADS-20) seem to be feasible for administering at schools. The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of the RCADS-25 and RCADS-20 used as screening instruments for anxiety and depression in a general population of schoolchildren and adolescents.
Methods
The RCADS-25 was completed by 69,487 schoolchildren and adolescents aged 8 to 18. The RCADS-25 and RCADS-20 broad anxiety scales are equal (15 items), but there are two versions of the major depressive disorder (MDD) scale: the RCADS-25 MDD scale (10 items) and the RCADS-20 MDD scale (5 items). The three scales were assessed on structural validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, criterion validity, and hypotheses for construct validity.
Results
The RCADS-25/RCADS-20 broad anxiety scale demonstrated a sufficient structural validity (CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.03, SRMR = 0.03), internal consistency (alpha = 0.82), test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.73), criterion validity (AUC = 0.79), and all four hypotheses concerning construct validity were confirmed. The RCADS-25 MDD scale demonstrated a sufficient test-retest reliability (ICC=0.70) and three out of four hypotheses concerning construct validity were confirmed, but its structural validity was suspect (CFI = 0.89, TLI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.09, SRMR = 0.06). The RCADS-20 MDD scale demonstrated a sufficient structural validity (CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.08, SRMR = 0.04) and internal consistency (alpha = 0.72). Two out of four hypotheses concerning construct validity were confirmed. The test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.60) was insufficient. Since both MDD scales showed shortcomings, the shortening of the RCADS-25 MDD scale was re-examined post hoc by principal component and reliability analyses. The result was an MDD scale with seven items.
Conclusions
The RCADS-25/RCADS-20 broad anxiety scale is valid and reliable for screening schoolchildren and adolescents, but the RCADS-25 and RCADS-20 MDD scales showed shortcomings. An MDD scale of seven items showed acceptable psychometric properties.
Endoscopic treatment of early leaks and strictures after laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass
Authors: Younis Fadi , Shnell Mati , Gluck Nathan , Abu-Abeid Subhi , Eldar Shai , Fishman Sigal 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass has become a prominent bariatric procedure. Yet, early and late complications, primarily leaks and strictures, are not uncommon. This study summarizes our experience with endoscopic treatment of laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass complications.
Methods: This is a retrospective study of consecutive patients referred to our hospital from 2015 to 2017 with post laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass complications. Therapy was tailored to each case, including fully covered self-expandable metal stents, fibrin glue, septotomy, internal drainage with pigtail stents, through-the-scope and pneumatic dilation. Success was defined as resuming oral nutrition without enteral or parenteral support or further surgical intervention.
Results : Nine patients presented with acute or early leaks: 5 (56%) had staple-line leaks, 3 (33%) had anastomotic leaks and 1 (11%) had both. All were treated with stents. Adjunctive endoscopic drainage was applied in 4 patients (44%). Overall 5 patients (56%) with acute/ early leaks recovered completely, including all 3 patients with anastomotic leak and the patient with both leaks but only 1/5 with staple line leak (20%). Complication rate in the leak group reached 22%. Eight patients presented with strictures, 7 at the anastomosis and one due to remnant stomach misalignment. All anastomotic strictures were dilated successfully. However, the patient with the pouch stricture required conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass after 3 failed attempts of dilation.
Conclusion: Endoscopic treatments of laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass complications are relatively effective and safe. Anastomosis-related complications are more amenable to endoscopic treatment compared to staple line leaks.
Efficient development of practically usable thermo-photo sensitive genic male sterile lines in wheat through doubled haploid breeding
Authors: Li Hongsheng , Li Shaoxiang , Abdelkhalik Sedhom , Shahzad Armaghan , Gu Jian , Yang Zhonghui , Ding Mingliang , Liu Kun , Zhao Hong , Yang Mujun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Two-line hybrid wheat system using thermo-photo sensitive genic male sterility (TPSGMS) is now a dominant and promising approach of wheat heterosis utilization in China. However, during past twenty years only several TPSGMS lines have been capable of practical application in hybrid wheat breeding and production, which reduced the opportunities and efficiency of creating hybrids with strong heterosis. Introducing doubled haploid (DH) breeding could be a helpful strategy to efficiently develop practically usable TPSGMS lines. Results: F 1 s and selected F 2 and F 3 sterile plants from eight crosses made from two commercial TPSGMS lines were used to produce DH lines by using the wheat × maize system. Twenty four elite sterile lines possessing stable sterility, good outcrossing and yield potential, resistance to yellow rust and powdery mildew, and desirable plant height (50-60 cm) were obtained within 4 years through at least one year evaluation. Twenty from twenty four elite lines showed stable sterility in repeated tests of two or three years, will be selected for hybrid breeding. The percentage of elite lines within total tested DH lines produced from filial generations was in the order of F 2 > F 3 > F 1 in this study. Conclusions: Our study shows that DH breeding is more efficient for the selection of traits controlled by recessive gene(s) compared with conventional breeding, especially for the sterility of TPSGMS wheat. Coupling DH techniques with conventional breeding would be an efficient strategy for developing practically usable wheat TPSGMS lines in respect to number and saving time, which is helpful for further improving the efficiency of wheat hybrid breeding. Producing DHs from F 2 generation appeared to be the better choice considering the balance of shortening breeding time and overall breeding efficiency.
Theory of Mind, emotion recognition, delusions and the quality of the therapeutic relationship in patients with psychosis – a secondary analysis of a randomized-controlled therapy trial.
Authors: Mehl Stephanie , Hesse Klaus , Schmidt Anna-Christine , Landsberg Martin Wilhelm , Soll Daniel , Bechdolf Andreas , Herrlich Jutta , Kircher Tilo , Klingberg Stefan , Mueller Bernhard , Wiedemann Georg , Wittorf Andreas , Woelwer Wolfgang , Wagner Michael 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Cognitive models of psychosis postulate an important role of Theory of mind (ToM) in the formation and maintenance of delusions, but research on this plausible conjecture has gathered conflicting findings. In addition, it is still an open question whether problems in emotion recognition (ER) are associated with delusions. We examined the association of problems in ToM and ER with different aspects of delusions in a large sample of patients with psychosis enrolled in a therapy trial. This also enabled us to explore the possible impact of ToM and ER on one part of patients’ social life: the quality of their therapeutic relationship. Methods: Patients with psychotic disorders and delusions and/or hallucinations (n=185) and healthy controls (n=48) completed a ToM picture sequencing task and an ER task. Subsequently, patients were enrolled in a randomized-controlled Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) trial (ISRCTN29242879). Patients and therapists rated the quality of the therapeutic relationship during the first five sessions of therapy. Results: In comparison to controls, patients were impaired in both ToM and ER. Patients with deficits in ER experienced more severe delusional distress, whereas ToM problems were not related to delusions. In addition, deficits in ER predicted a less favorable therapeutic relationship and interactional problems viewed by the therapist. Impaired ER also moderated (increased) the negative influence of delusions on the therapeutic relationship and interactional difficulties viewed by the therapist. Conclusions: Cognitive models on the formation and maintenance of delusions should consider ER as a potential candidate that might be related to the formation and maintenance of delusional distress, whereas problems in ToM might not be directly related to delusions and secondary dimensions of delusions. In addition, problems in ER in patients with psychosis might have an impact on the quality of the therapeutic relationship and patients with problems in ER are more likely to be viewed as problematic by their therapists. Nevertheless, training ER might be a way to improve the quality of the therapeutic relationship and potentially the effectiveness of CBT or other interventions for patients with psychosis.
Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on short-term prognosis of 227 pyogenic liver abscess patients after hospitalization
Authors: Du Zhaoqing , Zhou Xinchen , Zhao Junzhou , Bi Jianbin , Ren Yifan , Zhang Jia , Lin Yuxin , Wu Zheng , Lv Yi , Zhang XuFeng , Wu Rongqian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is an inflammatory disease with increasing incidence. When it occurs with diabetes mellitus (DM), risk of recurrence and the mortality may increase. However, the effect of DM on short-term prognosis of PLA patients after hospitalization remained unknown. Methods: 227 PLA patients who received treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from January 2011 to January 2018 were retrospectively enrolled. They were divided into two groups as DM group (n=61) and Non-DM group (n=166). In the DM group, HbA1C level <7% was considered to be good-control of glycaemia (n=23). The clinical characteristics and overall short-term survivals were analyzed. Results: The proportion of PLA patients with DM was 26.87%. In the DM group, there was a higher incidence of hypertension and Candida spp. infection. Conservative administration and percutaneous drainage were mainly used in patients with good- (60.87%) and poor-control (60.53%) of glycaemia, respectively. During follow-up, 24 (10.57%) died due to uncontrolled systemic infections and other serious complications. Compared with PLA patients without DM, patients in the DM group had significantly increased 6-month mortality rate after discharge (Log-Rank test, P =0.021). Poor-control of glycaemia did not reduce the six-month survival, while the recurrence rate of PLA within three months showed an almost 3-fold increase (13.16% vs. 4.35%). Further multivariate analyses found that DM was the only independent risk factor for the PLA six-month survival (odd ratio [OR]: 0.097, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.018-0.526, P =0.007). However, the blood glucose level had no significant effect on the short-term survival of PLA patients with DM (Log-Rank test, P =0.218). Conclusions: In PLA patients, DM aggravated short-term mortality and blood glucose levels should be well controlled.
Adiposity reduces the risk of osteoporosis in Chinese rural population: the Henan Rural Cohort Study
Authors: Tian Huiling , Pan Jun , Qiao Dou , Dong Xiaokang , Li Ruiying , Wang Yikang , Tu Runqi , Abdulai Tanko , Liu Xiaotian , Hou Jian , Zhang Gongyuan , Wang Chongjian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Adiposity plays a crucial role in the risk of osteoporosis. However, the impact of body fat distribution on the skeleton is contentious. The study was designed to explore the association of various adiposity indices on estimated bone mineral density (BMD) and the risk of osteoporosis based on body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist to height ratio (WHtR), and visceral fat index (VFI).
Methods: A total of 8475 subjects derived from the Henan Rural Cohort Study were analyzed. The estimated BMD of study participants were measured by calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS). Linear and binary logistic regression was performed to estimate the association of adiposity and the outcomes.
Results: The mean age of the study participants was 55.23 ± 11.09 years and 59.61% were women. The crude and age-standardized prevalence of high risk for osteoporosis was 16.24% and 11.82%. Per unit increment in adiposity indices was associated with 0.005-0.021 g/cm2 increase in estimated BMD. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for high osteoporosis risk in per 1 SD increase of WC, WHR, WHtR, BMI, BFP, and VFI were 0.820 (0.748, 0.898), 0.872 (0.811, 0.938), 0.825 (0.765, 0.891), 0.798 (0.726, 0.878), 0.882 (0.800, 0.972), and 0.807 (0.732, 0.889), respectively. Stratified analyses indicated greater effects on individuals aged 55 years or more.
Conclusions: The adiposity indices have an inverse association with the risk of osteoporosis among Chinese rural population, especially in the elderly.
Keywords: Adiposity; Bone mineral density; Osteoporosis; Rural population
Influence of childcare attendance on the development of two-year-olds in a Brazilian birth cohort study
Authors: Leão Otávio Amaral de Andrade , Silveira Mariângela Freitas da , Domingues Marlos Rodrigues , Murray Joseph , Neumann Nelson Arns , Dalabona Caroline Caus , Mielke Gregore Iven , Dâmaso Andréa Homsi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The first years of life are the most important for human development, which is influenced by diverse factors, such as childcare attendance. Yet, little is known about the longitudinal influence of childcare in diverse domains of development. The aim of the present study was to assess the development and to measure potential influences of childcare attendance in two-year-olds from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study. Methods: The present study used longitudinal data from the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort. Childhood development at two-year-olds was assessed throughout INTER-NDA (INTERGROWTH-21st Neurodevelopment Assessment). Childcare attendance was measured at ages 1 and 2 years old and categorized as: a) never went to childcare; b) attended some childcare (either at 12 or 24 months); c) always attended childcare (both 12 and 24 months). Demographic, socioeconomic, health, and child stimulation variables were considered as confounders. Crude and adjusted analysis of childcare attendance and early childhood development were performed using linear regression. Results: Among the 3,870 infants included in the analyses, around 2/3 never went to childcare. In the crude analyses, any exposure to childcare was positively associated with development, except for in the motor domain. It was also perceived a trend positive association and higher mean values for the always category. In the adjusted analyses only children who always went to childcare had higher development scores in the total (β: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.06; 0.28), cognitive (β: 0.10, 95% CI:-0.003; 0.21) and language (β:0.10, 95% CI:-0.003; 0.21) domains, even after adjustment for stimulation variables. Conclusions: This study suggests that childcare may help improve early childhood development. The association was particularly strong for the total global development domain, even after adjusting for stimulation, but there was no association with motor development. Considering the low prevalence of children in childcare, and that it may support child development it is recommended to improve childcare opportunities in early childhood.
The first case of feline cytauxzoonosis in Germany: clinical description and molecular confirmation
Authors: Panait Luciana Catalina , Stock Graham , Globokar Majda , Balzer Jörg , Groth Bernhard , Mihalca Andrei Daniel , Pantchev Nikola 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Cytauxzoonosis is gaining clinical importance in recent years, being described as an emerging tick-borne disease of domestic and wild felids caused by protozoans of the genus Cytauxzoon . While in the Americas the condition is described as a fatal disease, in Europe, reports on the clinical expression of the infection are scarce. This study describes the first case of Cytauxzoon sp. infection in a domestic cat in Germany. Methods Clinical and laboratory findings, and molecular and DNA sequencing results were collected from a domestic cat suspected for cytauxzoonosis after the microscopic examination of a blood smear. Results A 6-year-old male domestic cat living in Saarlouis (Germany) was presented with a history of recent anorexia and weight loss. The cat had an outdoor lifestyle and had not travelled abroad. Serum clinical chemistry analysis revealed azotaemia with markedly increased symmetric dimethylarginine, hypercreatinemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypoalbuminemia. Moreover, a mild non-regenerative anaemia was present. Approximately one year prior these findings, the patient was diagnosed with a FIV infection. These results point toward a decreased glomerular filtration rate, presumably as a result of a kidney dysfunction. Therefore, a glomerulonephropathy was suspected. Round to oval signet-ring shaped intraerythrocytic organisms, morphologically suggestive for a piroplasm, were revealed during blood smear evaluation with a degree of parasitaemia of 32.95%. PCR analyses and sequencing of the partial 18S gene confirmed the presence of a Cytauxzoon sp. infection, with 99-100% nucleotide sequence identity with previously published Cytauxzoon sp. isolates. Conclusion This study provides the first case of molecularly confirmed Cytauxzoon sp. infection in a domestic cat in Germany and describes the clinical picture of the disease in association with FIV infection. These findings suggest that cytauxzoonosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cases of anaemia in domestic outdoor cats, particularly in areas where wild felid populations are present.