bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Las mujeres de Arturo Pérez-Reverte
Authors: GrohmAnn Alexis 
Published: October 2019

Los personajes femeninos en la literatura de Arturo Pérez-Reverte han suscitado poco interés académico. el presente estudio busca paliar esta carencia. Se analiza la figura de la mujer en la literatura revertiana en conjunto y de forma particular, a través de una selección representativa de personajes femeninos significativos y sus características principales mediante su aparición cronológica, haciendo especial hincapié en las novelas de la primera etapa novelística del autor, hasta El pintor de batallas. Así se observará cuán formidables son las mujeres en la literatura revertiana y lo superior al hombre que es la mujer en la cosmovisión revertiana en conjunto.
Arturo Pérez-Reverte’s female characters have attracted scant scholarly attention. this article attempts to address this shortcoming by analysing female figures in Pérez-Reverte’s literature as a whole and also through a selection of significant female literary characters in chronological order of their appearance, with a special focus on the novels of the author’s first period, which comes to an end with El pintor de batallas. What emerges is that female characters are formidable beings in Pérez-Reverte’s literature and that the female gender as a whole is superior to man in his worldview.
On Remembering a Post-Digital Future
Authors: Charlton James 
Published: October 2019

We have always been post-digital or at least I cannot recall a time when art wasn’t? To claim this is surely ridiculous, as the post condition demands the prior instantiation of a digital state that purportedly did not begin until the mid 1970s. Yet if, for a moment, we entertain the idea that art has always been post-digital, in what way might this make sense? How might this enable a re-reading of pre-digital practices and inform our understanding of future post-digital practice?
Perceptions des enseignants et des directions d’école concernant les facteurs qui ont une influence sur le rendement scolaire des élèves
Authors: Basque Marc , Bouchamma Yamina 
Published: October 2019

Cette étude vise à identifier les perceptions des enseignants et des directions d’école en ce qui concerne les facteurs qui influencent le rendement scolaire des élèves. La cueillette de données a été réalisée par un questionnaire administré à des enseignants et des directions d’école (N = 116) provenant de l’ensemble des écoles primaires francophones du Nouveau-Brunswick. Les résultats montrent que les enseignants attribuent le rendement scolaire autant à des facteurs externes (liés aux élèves) qu’à des facteurs qui leurs sont internes (liés aux enseignants), et que les directions d’école l’attribuent à des facteurs qui leur sont externes (liés aux enseignants). Globalement, les résultats montrent que les directions d’école et les enseignants accordent une grande importance à la qualité de l’enseignement ainsi qu’à la motivation et l’engagement des élèves.
Quasi-perfect absorption achieved throughout low frequency range via acoustic meta-surface
Authors: Xu Wenqiang , Yu Dianlong , Wen Jihong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this work, we propose a novel design of acoustic meta-surface with coplanar coiled channels and double apertures. Tunable-broadband (30–300 Hz) and quasi-perfect absorption (>0.9) throughout low frequency range can be realized through active control of the channel length and other structural parameters while the whole structural thickness is only ∼1/170 of the operating wavelength. A heat source is introduced in right position of the channel to extend the direct bandwidth of quasi-perfect absorption (>0.9). By appropriately tuning the channel length, the direct quasi-perfect absorption band (>0.9) can be extended by as large as 3 times. The analytical model and the theoretical simulation results are also shown in this paper. Since our design strategy is indeed active control and the heat source is easily applicable, our realization should have a high impact on low frequency noise elimination.
Soil aggregates indirectly influence litter carbon storage and release through soil pH in the highly alkaline soils of north China
Authors: Yang Chao , Li Jingjing , Zhang Yingjun 
Published: October 2019

Background
Soil aggregate-size classes, structural units of soil, are the important factors regulating soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover. However, the processes of litter C mineralization and storage in different aggregates-size classes are poorly understood, especially in the highly alkaline soils of north China. Here, we ask how four different aggregate sizes influence rates of C release (Cr) and SOC storage (Cs) in response to three types of plant litter added to an un-grazed natural grassland.

Methods
Highly alkaline soil samples were separated into four dry aggregate classes of different sizes (2–4, 1–2, 0.25–1, and <0.25 mm). Three types of dry dead plant litter (leaf, stem, and all standing dead aboveground litter) of Leymus chinensis were added to each of the four aggregate class samples. Litter mass loss rate, Cr, and Cs were measured periodically during the 56-day incubation.

Results
The results showed that the mass loss in 1–2 mm aggregates was significantly greater than that in other size classes of soil aggregates on both day 28 and day 56. Macro-aggregates (1–2 mm) had the highest Cr of all treatments, whereas 0.25–1 mm aggregates had the lowest. In addition, a significant negative relationship was found between Cs/Cr and soil pH. After incubation for 28 and 56 days, the Cs was also highest in the 1–2 mm aggregates, which implied that the macro-aggregates had not only a higher CO2 release capacity, but also a greater litter C storage capacity than the micro-aggregates in the highly alkaline soils of north China.
Lake Erie: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Reutter Jeffrey M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Lake Erie is the southernmost, shallowest, warmest, most nutrient enriched, and biologically the most productive of the Great Lakes. The degradation of the Lake's water quality and the burning of the Cuyahoga River in the 1960s and 1970s made it the poster child for pollution problems in the world and paved the way for the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, the formation of USEPA, NOAA, and Environment and Climate Change Canada, the first Earth Day, and the passage of the Clean Water Act. A long history of overfishing led to the creation of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission and its highly successful interagency quota management system. The lake's extreme productivity and poor management allowed the zebra mussel and many other aquatic invasive species to enter and thrive. Good management in the 1970s and 1980s restored water quality and allowed the lake to become the Walleye Capital of the World. Today excessive nutrient loading has returned and many of the problems of the 1970s are back. The challenges are great and the solutions are different, but the lake is resilient and if we have the political resolve, it can be brought back again.
Early clinical experience with varian halcyon V2 linear accelerator: Dual‐isocenter IMRT planning and delivery with portal dosimetry for gynecological cancer treatments
Authors: Kim Hayeon , Huq M. Saiful , Lalonde Ron , Houser Christopher J. , Beriwal Sushil , Heron Dwight E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPurposeVarian Halcyon linear accelerator version 2 (The Halcyon 2.0) was recently released with new upgraded features. The aim of this study was to report our clinical experience with Halcyon 2.0 for a dual‐isocenter intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) planning and delivery for gynecological cancer patients and examine the feasibility of in vivo portal dosimetry.MethodsTwelve gynecological cancer patients were treated with extended‐field IMRT technique using two isocenters on Halcyon 2.0 to treat pelvis and pelvic/or para‐aortic nodes region. The prescription dose was 45 Gy in 25 fractions (fxs) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) dose of 55 or 57.5 Gy in 25 fxs to involved nodes. All treatment plans, pretreatment patient‐specific QA and treatment delivery records including daily in vivo portal dosimetry were retrospectively reviewed. For in vivo daily portal dosimetry analysis, each fraction was compared to the reference baseline (1st fraction) using gamma analysis criteria of 4 %/4 mm with 90% of total pixels in the portal image planar dose.ResultsAll 12 extended‐field IMRT plans met the planning criteria and delivered as planned (a total of 300 fractions). Conformity Index (CI) for the primary target was achieved with the range of 0.99–1.14. For organs at risks, most were well within the dose volume criteria. Treatment delivery time was from 5.0 to 6.5 min. Interfractional in vivo dose variation exceeded gamma analysis threshold for 8 fractions out of total 300 (2.7%). These eight fractions were found to have a relatively large difference in small bowel filling and SSD change at the isocenter compared to the baseline.ConclusionHalcyon 2.0 is effective to create complex extended‐field IMRT plans using two isocenters with efficient delivery. Also Halcyon in vivo dosimetry is feasible for daily treatment monitoring for organ motion, internal or external anatomy, and body weight which could further lead to adaptive radiation therapy.
Lignin as a Wood‐Inspired Binder Enabled Strong, Water Stable, and Biodegradable Paper for Plastic Replacement
Authors: Jiang Bo , Chen Chaoji , Liang Zhiqiang , He Shuaiming , Kuang Yudi , Song Jianwei , Mi Ruiyu , Chen Gegu , Jiao Miaolun , Hu Liangbing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPlastic waste has been increasingly transferred from land into the ocean and has accumulated within the food chain, causing a great threat to the environment and human health, indicating that fabricating an eco‐friendly and biodegradable replacement is urgent. Paper made of cellulose is attractive in terms of its favorable biodegradability, resource abundance, large manufacturing scale, and low material cost, but is usually hindered by its inferior stability against water and poor mechanical strength for plastic replacement. Here, inspired by the reinforcement principle of cellulose and lignin in natural wood, a strong and hydrostable cellulosic material is developed by integrating lignin into the cellulose. Lignin as a reinforced matrix is incorporated to the cellulose fiber scaffold by successive infiltration and mechanical hot‐pressing treatments. The resulting lignin‐cellulose composite exhibits an outstanding isotropic tensile strength of 200 MPa, which is significantly higher than that of conventional cellulose paper (40 MPa) and some commercial petroleum‐based plastics. Additionally, the composite demonstrates a superior wet strength of 50 MPa. Adding lignin also improves the thermostability and UV‐blocking performance of cellulose paper. The demonstrated lignin‐cellulose composite is biodegradable and eco‐friendly with both components from natural wood, which represents a promising alternative that can potentially replace the nonbiodegradable plastics.
Organic Haptics: Intersection of Materials Chemistry and Tactile Perception
Authors: Lipomi Darren J. , Dhong Charles , Carpenter Cody W. , Root Nicholas B. , Ramachandran Vilayanur S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe goal of the field of haptics is to create technologies that manipulate the sense of touch. In virtual and augmented reality, haptic devices are for touch what loudspeakers and RGB displays are for hearing and vision. Haptic systems that utilize micromotors or other miniaturized mechanical devices (e.g., for vibration and pneumatic actuation) produce interesting effects, but are quite far from reproducing the feeling of real materials. They are especially deficient in recapitulating surface properties: fine texture, friction, viscoelasticity, tack, and softness. The central argument of this progress report is that in order to reproduce the feel of everyday objects, molecular control must be established over the properties of materials; ultimately, such control will enable the design of materials which can change these properties in real time. Stimuli‐responsive organic materials, such as polymers and composites, are a class of materials which can change their oxidation state, conductivity, shape, and rheological properties, and thus might be useful in future haptic technologies. Moreover, the use of such materials in research on tactile perception could help elucidate the limits of human tactile sensitivity. The work described represents the beginnings of this new area of inquiry, in which the defining approach is the marriage of materials science and psychology.
CSF1R‐ and SHP2‐Inhibitor‐Loaded Nanoparticles Enhance Cytotoxic Activity and Phagocytosis in Tumor‐Associated Macrophages
Authors: Ramesh Anujan , Kumar Sahana , Nandi Dipika , Kulkarni Ashish 
Published: October 2019

AbstractImmune modulation of macrophages has emerged as an attractive approach for anti‐cancer therapy. However, there are two main challenges in successfully utilizing macrophages for immunotherapy. First, macrophage colony stimulating factor (MCSF) secreted by cancer cells binds to colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1‐R) on macrophages and in turn activates the downstream signaling pathway responsible for polarization of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) to immunosuppressive M2 phenotype. Second, ligation of signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) expressed on myeloid cells to CD47, a transmembrane protein overexpressed on cancer cells, activates the Src homology region 2 (SH2) domain ‐phosphatases SHP‐1 and SHP‐2 in macrophages. This results in activation of “eat‐me‐not” signaling pathway and inhibition of phagocytosis. Here, it is reported that self‐assembled dual‐inhibitor‐loaded nanoparticles (DNTs) target M2 macrophages and simultaneously inhibit CSF1R and SHP2 pathways. This results in efficient repolarization of M2 macrophages to an active M1 phenotype, and superior phagocytic capabilities as compared to individual drug treatments. Furthermore, suboptimal dose administration of DNTs in highly aggressive breast cancer and melanoma mouse models show enhanced anti‐tumor efficacy without any toxicity. These studies demonstrate that the concurrent inhibition of CSF1‐R and SHP2 signaling pathways for macrophage activation and phagocytosis enhancement could be an effective strategy for macrophage‐based immunotherapy.
Interface‐Sliding‐Induced Graphene Quantum Dots Transferring to Fullerene‐Like Quantum Dots and Their Extraordinary Tribological Behavior
Authors: Zhang Renhui , Xiong Liping , Pu Jibin , Lu Zhibin , Zhang Guangan , He Zhongyi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCarbon materials such as diamond, fullerene, graphene, and carbon nanotubes possess superior chemical and physical properties, which are widely used in various applications. Especially, since fullerene‐like carbon is successfully converted to graphene during sliding, the sliding‐induced microstructure transfer between carbon‐based materials should be given more attention. Here, the tribological behaviors of graphene‐based materials is investigated under the load of 196 N and the rotational speed of 1450 rpm using a four‐ball wear machine under deionized water. Results show that the friction coefficient continuously decreases with increasing sliding time and the wear scar diameter is just about 0.224 mm. Remarkably, graphene is severely ripped and loses its lubrication performance during sliding. Sliding induces graphene quantum dots converting to fullerene quantum dots, which would cooperate with the sliding‐reduced fullerene‐like structures containing WO2 nanocrystals and sulfurized isobutene as extreme pressure lubricant additives instead of graphene to achieve low friction and wear. This work confirms that the low friction and wear under high load and fast rotation have a close relation to the microstructure transfer of interfacial carbon‐based materials, rather graphene, and provide practical approach for investigating the tribological behaviors of carbon‐based materials.
Coinage Metal Complexes of Chiral N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands: Syntheses and Applications in Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Budagumpi Srinivasa , Keri Rangappa S. , Achar Gautam , Brinda K. N. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractChiral N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have become ligands of choice due to their remarkable catalytic activity in organic transformation reactions. Combining the chiral NHC ligand family and coinage metals became a productive area of research. The organometallic chemistry of coinage metals with the chiral N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands is reviewed, with a special emphasis on the synthesis, characterization and possible applications obtained. Significant sections are devoted to the various recently developed coinage metal‐chiral NHC complexes and a detailed comparison of their activities which aims to rationalize the structure–activity relationships. Various methods of preparations of coinage metal‐chiral NHC complexes along with some typical examples of reactivity and mechanisms are covered. Cu‐chiral NHC complexes involved in conjugated additions, allylic substitutions, boration of alkenes, hydrosilylation of ketones and formation of alkenes are covered, along with some remarkable examples and reactivity of Ag‐chiral NHC complexes. Finally, applications of Au‐chiral NHC complexes in the asymmetric cyclization of ester‐functionalized 1,6‐enynes, 1,6‐enyneamines and substituted propargyloxymethanes are also reviewed.magnified image
Transition‐Metal‐Free Synthesis of 1,2‐diphenyl‐1H‐benzo[d] Imidazole Derivatives from N‐phenylbenzimidamides and Cyclohexanones
Authors: Lu Guoqiang , Luo Nan , Hu Fangpeng , Ban Zihui , Zhan Zhenzhen , Huang Guo‐Sheng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA transition‐metal‐free strategy for the formation of 1,2‐diphenyl‐1H‐benzo[d] imidazoles from N‐phenylbenzimidamides and cyclohexanones is introduced. This is the first report on the direct synthesis of 1,2‐diphenyl‐1H‐benzo[d] imidazoles from cyclohexanones and N‐phenylbenzimidamides via iodine‐ promoted oxidative cyclization. Non‐aromatic cyclohexanones were smoothly dehydrogenated, and acted as an aryl source using oxygen as a green oxidant. The catalytic use of iodine makes this method quite simple, more economical and convenient. Under optimized conditions, various substituted 1,2‐diphenyl‐1H‐benzo[d] imidazoles were smoothly reacted, and the desired substituted imidazoles were generated with moderate to excellent yields.magnified image
Isomerization‐Asymmetric Hydrogenation Sequence Converting Racemic β‐Ylidenecycloalkanols into Stereocontrolled β‐Substituted Cycloalkanols Using a Ru Catalytic System with Dual Roles
Authors: Arai Noriyoshi , Okabe Yuki , Ohkuma Takeshi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRacemic β‐ylidenecycloalkanols were transformed into thecis‐β‐substituted cycloalkanols with high enantio‐ and diastereoselectivities through an isomerization‐asymmetric hydrogenation sequence with the (4,4′‐bi‐1,3‐benzodioxole)‐5,5′‐diylbis[di(3,5‐xylyl)phosphine (DM‐Segphos)/2‐dimethylamino‐1‐phenylethylamine (DMAPEN)‐ruthenium(II) catalyst; such transformation hardly proceeded by single‐step asymmetric hydrogenation. The reaction was usually carried out with a substrate‐to‐catalyst molar ratio of 500 under 4 to 10 atm of H2to afford the products incis/transratio up to 99:1 and 98% ee. Mechanistic experiments suggested that this catalytic system reversibly formed two reactive species, types (I) and (II), through a ruthenacyclic amide intermediate. The amide complex and allylic alcohol reacted to afford the allylic alkoxide complex with partial or full removal of diamine (type (I)), and this type (I) complex catalyzed isomerization of the allylic alcohols into the racemic α‐substituted ketones. The RuH2complex with chelation of diamine (type (II)) formed by reaction of the amide complex and hydrogen promoted asymmetric hydrogenation of racemic α‐substituted ketone into the stereocontrolled β‐substituted cycloalkanols through dynamic kinetic resolution.magnified image
A Simple Structure Conjugated Polymer for High Mobility Organic Thin Film Transistors Processed from Nonchlorinated Solvent
Authors: Wang Zhongli , Song Xianneng , Jiang Yu , Zhang Jidong , Yu Xi , Deng Yunfeng , Han Yang , Hu Wenping , Geng Yanhou 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHerein, a simple structure, nonchlorinated solvent processable high mobility donor–acceptor conjugated polymer, poly(2,5‐bis(4‐hexyldodecyl)‐2,5‐dihydro‐3,6‐di‐2‐thienyl‐pyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐1,4‐dione‐alt‐thiophene) (PDPPT3‐HDO), is reported. The enhanced solubility in nonchlorinated solvent is realized based on a denser alkyl side chains strategy by incorporating small size comonomer thiophene. An associated benefit of thiophene comonomer is the remarkable structural simplicity of the resulting polymer, which is advantageous for industrial scaling up. The alkyl side chain density and structure of PDPPT3‐HDO can efficiently control the self‐assembly properties in solution and film. By bar coating from o‐xylene solution, PDPPT3‐HDO forms aligned films and exhibits high hole mobility of up to 9.24 cm2 V−1 s−1 in organic thin film transistors (OTFTs). Notably, the bar‐coated OTFT based on PDPPT3‐HDO shows a close to ideal transistor model and a high mobility reliability factor of 87%. The multiple benefits of increased side chain density strategy may encourage the design of high mobility polymers that meet the requirements of mass production of OTFT materials and devices.
An Aqueous Zn‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor with High Energy Density and Ultrastability up to 80 000 Cycles
Authors: Wu Shuilin , Chen Yatu , Jiao Tianpeng , Zhou Jun , Cheng Junye , Liu Bin , Yang Shaoran , Zhang Kaili , Zhang Wenjun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntegrating a battery‐type electrode to build a hybrid supercapacitor is a promising approach to improve the overall energy density of a supercapacitor‐type energy storage device without sacrificing its power output. However, this strategy is usually achieved at the expense of cycling lifespan. In this work, a hybrid supercapacitor comprising Zn foil and porous carbon derived from chemical activated graphene (aMEGO) is developed, and the trade‐off between energy density and cycling life is well‐balanced by the utilization of 3 m Zn(CF3SO3)2 electrolyte with high Zn stripping/plating efficiency. Such a hybrid supercapacitor demonstrates an energy density of 106.3 Wh kg−1 and a power density of 31.4 kW kg−1, and significantly a wide operation voltage of 1.9 V is achieved in aqueous electrolyte. Benefitting from the high Zn stripping/plating efficiency, the Zn‐aMEGO hybrid‐supercapacitor also exhibits an ultralong cycling life up to 80 000 cycles with capacity retention of 93%, which is comparable to that of conventional electrochemical double‐layer capacitors.
Emergency Medicine Education Research Since the 2012 Consensus Conference: How Far Have We Come and What’s Next?
Authors: Gottlieb Michael , Chan Teresa M. , Clarke Samuel O. , Ilgen Jonathan S. , Jordan Jaime , Moschella Phillip , Santen Sally A. , Yarris Lalena M. , Coates Wendy C. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn 2012, the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine convened a consensus conference on the state of medical education research with goals of defining and advancing a future research agenda. Since that time, emergency medicine (EM) education research has grown significantly. A task force of EM education experts was assembled and sought to understand the current state of EM education research and future directions. Among the advances are increases in medical education fellowships, advanced degree and certification programs, faculty development programs, publication venues, and funding. These findings are discussed in light of the prior objectives from the 2012 consensus conference, and recommendations for future directions are provided.