bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building Faith
Authors: Brenneman Robert , Miller Brian J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Religious buildings are all around us. From Wall Street to Main Street, from sublime and historic cathedrals to humble converted storefronts, these buildings shape the global religious landscape, “building faith” among those who worship in them while providing a testament to the faith of those who built them and those who maintain them. Building Faith explores the social impact of religious buildings in places as diverse as a Chicago suburb and a Guatemalan indigenous Mayan village, all the while asking the questions, “How does space shape community?” and “How do communities shape the spaces that speak for them?” The social sciences have mostly ignored the role of physical buildings in shaping the social fabric of communities and groups. Although the emerging field of the sociology of architecture has started to pay attention to physical structures, Brenneman and Miller are the first to combine the light of sociological theory and the empirical method in order to understand the impact of physical structures on religious groups that build, transform, and maintain them. Religious buildings not only reflect the groups that build them or use them; they shape and change those who gather and worship there.
Linkages between Security and Economics in Japan
Authors: Iida Keisuke 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The linkages between security and economics are complex and have been discussed in the literature of various fields, thus defying simple classification and integration. This chapter presents a taxonomy that divides various topics into two sets of policies: policies pertaining to military power and those related to bargaining power. For example, defense spending and burden sharing in alliance, which are standard topics in the economics of defense, are categorized under the first set of policies. Export controls, which are usually discussed in entirely different contexts, are also categorized under this set. On the other hand, economic sanctions, which are a standard fare in international relations, are categorized under the second set of policies. This chapter presents the argument that security crises and dual-use technologies tie both sets of policies together. By seeking greater autonomy, Japan is engaging in a severe trade-off between strengthening their military forces and bargaining power and other foreign and economic policy objectives.
Remilitarization in Japan
Authors: Hughes Christopher W. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This chapter revaluates the utility of militarization as a framework for comprehending Japan’s changing military stance, and to challenge many current analyses that portray Japan’s security trajectory as one of essential continuity. The concept of militarization assists in identifying those military components—institutional and ideological in nature—present in all societies, including Japan, which are subject to contestation and alteration and open the way to substantive change in military security policy. The first section of the chapter outlines Japan’s self-declared and self-imposed constraints on its military posture in the immediate postwar and Cold War periods to establish the baselines against which any shifts toward remilitarization can be evaluated. The sections thereafter systematically assess these baselines and the degree of subsequent shift in the post–Cold War and contemporary periods—in terms of legal and constitutional constraints on military power, procurement of new military capabilities, increases in defense budgets, civil-military relations, the export of military technologies, and external and alliance military commitments. The concluding section, in assessing the overall trajectory of Japan’s military posture, and arguing that there has been substantial change rather than continuity, then considers the interrelationship with and challenges for the quality of Japanese democracy.
Japan-Russia Relations
Authors: Bukh Alexander 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Focusing mostly on the territorial dispute over the “Northern Territories” this chapter explores the relationship between public preferences and policymaking in Japan’s relations with the USSR and Russia. The chapter is divided into four sections. The introductory section provides a brief overview of the history of the territorial dispute and related negotiations between Japan and the USSR/Russia. The second section explores the dynamics in the Japanese public opinion related to the dispute, the factors that shaped it, and its relationship with state policy. The third section examines the role of the dispute in other areas of bilateral relations. The concluding section summarizes the arguments made in this chapter and offers some observations regarding the factors that explain the relationship between public opinion and policymaking in the case of the Northern Territories dispute. The main argument of this chapter is that public preferences played a rather limited role in shaping Japan’s Northern Territories–related policy. This can be attributed to a number of factors, including the relatively small size of the issue public, voting behavior, the centrality of bureaucracy in policymaking, and the minimal impact of the territorial dispute on other areas of bilateral relations.
Evidence-Based Practice for Career Development
Authors: Robertson Peter J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Evidence is essential to enable practitioners and services to best meet the needs of their service users. The concept of evidence-based practice has been imported to career development, but its implicit medical model is problematic to apply to the social nature of the field. Evaluating the effectiveness of career development interventions presents formidable methodological challenges, not least the conceptual and definitional issues raised by the selection of outcome measures. The use of research evidence in policy and practice requires the synthesis and communication of findings to practitioners and stakeholders. Both policymaking and practice are political processes and research evidence is necessary but not sufficient to influence decision-making. Knowledge generated from research can rarely be applied to career development practice without attention to multilevel contextual factors. To best inform practice, research evidence should be combined with local knowledge, practitioner experience, and input from service users. A simple integrated model of evidence-based practice for career development interventions is presented. This model is suitable for adoption by reflective practitioners.
The Aims of Career Development Policy: Towards a Comprehensive Framework
Authors: Robertson Peter J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This chapter explores and questions the aims of public policy for career development. In the early years of the 21st century, an international consensus emerged in the literature describing the intentions of governments when they seek to intervene in the careers of their citizens. A case is made for a broader conception of the socially desirable outcomes from career interventions. Drawing on the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, a systematic framework of six types of policy goal for career development services is proposed: (i) labour market goals, (ii) educational goals, (iii) social equity goals, (iv) health and well-being goals, (v) environmental goals, and (vi) peace and justice goals. The latter three categories represent new or relatively neglected areas of focus. Cross-cutting themes of social justice, sustainability, and societal change are highlighted.
Timbre: Alternative Histories and Possible Futures for the Study of Music
Authors: Dolan Emily I. , Rehding Alexander 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Timbre has always been a central element of music and sound, but it is only now emerging as a central dimension in musical thought. Aided by the burgeoning fields of sound studies and critical organology, music studies are taking the “material turn” toward timbre. One of the most urgent tasks of a timbral musicology is to rethink its categories from the ground up and to make space for sound at the foundation of our thinking. This chapter offers an overview of the Handbook, presenting a variety of viewpoints on the multifaceted quality of timbre, covering its histories, philosophies, technologies, and modes of perception. It highlights explorations of timbre that have existed (but were marginalized by our collective timbral deafness) and proposes alternative paths not yet pursued.
Resilience Through Stress
Authors: Afifi Tamara D. , Callejas Michelle Acevedo , Harrison Kathryn 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Resilience is the capacity of individuals or systems to successfully navigate and adapt to changes and challenges in their environment that can induce stress. Repeated or ongoing exposure to stress is typically associated with adverse health and relational outcomes. However, some relationships withstand the weight of chronic stress and even grow from it. The theory of resilience and relational load (TRRL) was created to explain why some relational systems (e.g., couples, families) are resilient to or thrive under repeated stress while others crumble in the face of it. This chapter elucidates the tenets of the theory and overviews research where they were tested. Relational maintenance and communal orientation (related to a sense of unity) are proposed as central to the process of building relational and personal resilience to stress by fostering more security-based appraisals. Throughout, the authors emphasize the significance of physiology to research on risk and resilience to stress, the physiological mechanisms (e.g., activation of the HPA, oxytocin activity) accounting for the predictions of the theory, and the role of physiological measures in testing the theory.
Emotional Support Processes and Physiology
Authors: Priem Jennifer S. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Emotional support is a vital component of physical, mental, and relational health. Recent research on emotional support hints at the complex, dyadic nature of support interactions, and the role of physiology therein, that have yet to be fully explored. The chapter begins by describing the emotional support process and the role that physiology plays in each of the individual phases. Subsequent sections apply previous theory and empirical findings to explore the ways in which relational partners co-create supportive interactions and the role of physiology. This leads to a description of a new physiological model of support co-construction and avenues for future research. In doing so, this chapter fleshes out aspects of the support provision process that, as of yet, remain unexamined.
The Physiological Substrate of Forgiveness
Authors: Crowley John P. , Allred Ryan J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Previous research demonstrates the health benefits of both intrapersonal and interpersonal forgiveness as indicated by various markers of physiological activity. Specifically, evidence suggests that forgiveness can help regulate the body’s stress response and increase an individual’s ability to relax after exposure to an acute stressor. This review identifies specific outcomes associated with the health benefits of forgiveness and its effects on cardiovascular functioning, as well as hyperarousal in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous systems. In addition to its health benefits, the findings suggest that activity in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis may influence the types of forgiveness that individuals communicate.
The Hormonal Underpinnings of Sexual Communication
Authors: Denes Amanda , Dhillon Anuraj , Ponivas Ambyre L. P. , Winkler Kara L. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Sexual communication is a pivotal part of interpersonal relationships; recent research reveals associations between sexual communication and various relational outcomes. Within the broad domain of sexual communication, current scholarship specifically addresses the role of postsex communication in relationships and its links to physiological and genetic markers. Given these advancements, the present chapter offers an overview of research linking physiology, hormones, and genes to communication after sexual activity. The chapter first presents reviews of two key hormones in sexual communication research: testosterone (T) and oxytocin (O). The oxytocin receptor gene and its link to social behavior broadly, and sexual behavior specifically, is also explored. The chapter then offers a review of several theories relevant to understanding the hormonal underpinnings of sexual communication, as well as future directions for research exploring sexual communication and physiology.
Future Directions for Physiological Communication Research
Authors: Denes Amanda , Crowley John P. , Aloia Lindsey S. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This handbook offered a review of cutting-edge research in the field of interpersonal communication and posed future directions to extend the literature focused on the bidirectional associations between communication and the human body. This chapter serves to summarize the handbook chapters by first reviewing biomarkers favored in communication scholarship, specifically cortisol, skin conductivity, heart rate, blood pressure, and neural activity. Next, several emerging areas of investigation are noted, namely the consideration of testosterone, oxytocin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, immune response indicators, and plasma glucose levels. The conclusion specifies directions for future research and advocates for interdisciplinary collaborations with physiologists, neuroendocrinologists, neurologists, and other researchers studying life sciences.
The Physiology of Social Pain
Authors: Vangelisti Anita L. , Brody Nicholas 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Social pain and physical pain have historically been conceptualized as distinct phenomena. Recent research, however, has noted several similarities between the two. The present chapter establishes the physiological basis of social pain. Further, the chapter explores the relational precedents and correlates of social pain. By synthesizing research that explores definitional elements of social pain, the reviewed literature explores the social basis of hurt. The chapter also reviews the extant research that posits similarities in the neural processing of social and physical pain. These similarities are further explained by examining findings that have emphasized parallels between cognitive, behavioral, and physiological responses to both social and physical pain. Shortcomings in the current research are reviewed, and several future directions are offered for researchers interested in the physiology of social pain.
Regulating Medical Devices in the United States
Authors: Zettler Patricia J. , Lietzan Erika 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This chapter assesses the regulation of medical devices in the United States. The goal of the US regulatory framework governing medical devices is the same as the goal of the framework governing medicines. US law aims to ensure that medical devices are safe and effective for their intended uses; that they become available for patients promptly; and that manufacturers provide truthful, non-misleading, and complete information about the products. US medical device law is different from US medicines law in many ways, however, perhaps most notably because most marketed devices do not require pre-market approval. The chapter explores how the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) seeks to accomplish its mission with respect to medical devicecough its implementation of its medical device authorities. It starts by explaining what constitutes a medical device and how the FDA classifies medical devices by risk level. The chapter then discusses how medical devices reach the market, the FDA's risk management tools, and the rules and incentives for innovation and competition. It concludes by exploring case studies of innovative medical technologies that challenge the traditional US regulatory scheme to consider the future of medical device regulation.
The History of Historical-Comparative Methods in Sociology
Authors: Demetriou Chares , Roudometof Victor 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This chapter offers an overview of the historical trajectory of comparative-historical sociology while focusing on the issue of development of specific methodological approaches. The legacy of sociology’s founding fathers is discussed first, followed by an overview of the post–World War II U.S.-based academic research program that led to the institutional organization and academic acceptance of the field. The chapter then offers an assessment of the effect of the cultural turn to comparative-historical sociology by addressing the themes of temporality and narrative. It argues that in the early 21st century the field displays a variety of methodological strategies or perspectives and that this tolerance toward varied methodologies is likely to be a permanent feature. It concludes with an assessment of the new or emerging areas that seem to offer room for further research.
Feminist Qualitative Research
Authors: McHugh Maureen C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFeminist research is described in terms of its purposes of addressing women’s lives, advocacy for women, analysis of gender oppression, working for social justice, and transformation of society. Feminist critiques of social science research are reviewed in relation to the development of methodological and epistemological positions. Feminist research is viewed as contributing to the transformation of science from empiricism to postmodernism. Reflexivity, collaboration, power analysis, and advocacy are discussed as common practices of feminist qualitative research. Several qualitative approaches to research are described in relation to feminist research goals, with illustrations of feminist research included. Validity and voice are identified as particular challenges in the conduct of feminist qualitative research. Intersectionality and double consciousness are reviewed as feminist contributions to the transformation of science. Some emerging and innovative forms of feminist qualitative research are highlighted in relation to potential future directions.
Complex Teams and Qualitative Research
Authors: Davidson Judith R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractQualitative researchers are increasingly called on to take part in research teams with complex mixes of disciplinary, methodological, and global connections. Unfortunately, many are not well prepared to work in these circumstances. Moreover, the leaders of these teams often lack knowledge of the ways qualitative researchers could enrich team processes through the unique characteristics of qualitative research and the special skills those trained in this methodological approach could bring to the project. Social scientists have few curricular materials or instructional models to guide them in learning how to better integrate qualitative researchers on team research projects. This goal of this chapter is to bring attention to this issue and raise key concerns that will require attention to address this issue. The chapter provides an overview of the small body of research that has developed in regard to qualitative research and complex teams and then raises a set of four key issues that need attention: (a) making the best use of qualitative research on a team; (b) selecting digital tools; (c) attending to new developments in writing; and (d) addressing issues of social justice. Also included is a discussion of the curricular issues that must be considered as the field moves forward to consider the ways qualitative researchers can best enter this new world of complex teams.
Program Evaluation
Authors: Brandon Paul R. , Ah Sam Anna L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe profession of educational and social program evaluation has expanded exponentially around the globe since the mid-1960s and continues to receive the considerable attention of theorists, methodologists, and practitioners. The literature on it is wide and deep, reflecting an array of definitions and conceptions of purpose and social role. This chapter discusses these topics and several others, including opinions about the choice of methods, some of which are used primarily by evaluators; the aspects of programs that evaluators typically address; the concept of value; the differences between evaluation and social science research; research on evaluation topics; and the major evaluation issues and concerns that have dominated discussion in the literature over the years.
Qualitative Disaster Research
Authors: Bennett DeeDee M. , Landahl Mark R. , Phillips Brenda D. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the history and unique aspects of qualitative disaster research. Qualitative disaster research traces its roots to the 1920s, commencing with the classic study of the Halifax (Canada) maritime disaster by Samuel Henry Prince. The chapter reviews the challenges associated with conducting disaster research, particularly field-based studies. The unique aspects of applying qualitative methods to study disaster events as well as recommendations for best practices are reviewed. The chapter also discusses ethical challenges related to disaster and homeland security research and the emotional impacts of disaster research on human beings. Sections discuss the life cycle of disasters (preparedness, response, mitigation, and recovery), commonly used data collection techniques, and strategies for data reduction and analysis specific to the study of disasters. The final section links efforts to strengthen the trustworthiness and credibility of qualitative research to the study of disasters.
Writing Up Qualitative Research
Authors: Gilgun Jane F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis chapter provides guidelines for writing journal articles based on qualitative approaches. The guidelines are part of the tradition of the Chicago school of sociology and the author’s experience as a writer and reviewer. The guidelines include understanding experiences in context, immersion, interpretations grounded in accounts of informants’ lived experiences, and research as action oriented. The chapter also covers writing articles that report findings based on ethnographies, autoethnographies, performances, poetry, and photography and other graphic media.
Scripting the Ethnodrama
Authors: Salvatore Joe 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This chapter defines ethnodrama as a qualitative research methodology and then introduces a subgenre of the form known as verbatim documentary theater. The chapter introduces the terms flat transcript and scored transcript and describes the differences between the two formats. The chapter provides an overview of the scripting process for an original ethnodrama called Of a Certain Age that used verbatim documentary theater techniques to explore the experiences of performing arts professionals over the age of 65. The overview identifies five major scripting conventions, including monologue, duet, trio, quartet, and montage, and then uses extensive samples from Of a Certain Age to illustrate each one. The chapter concludes with insights about the rehearsal process and key takeaways from the production’s performance run.