bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting future axial length in patients with paediatric cataract and primary intraocular lens implantation
Authors: Lottelli Antonio Carlos 
Published: August 2020

Objective: Creating a model to predict Axial Length (AL) growth in paediatric cataract and evaluating influence factors. Material and methods: Eyes with AL measured at surgery and at least one measurement after a 6-month period, from children with unilateral or bilateral cataract and primary IOL implantation, were evaluated. A “rate of axial length growth” (RALG) was calculated for every single eye using these AL measurements and log10 age. One average RALG was calculated for All Eyes and for the groups of Bilateral and Unilateral, Gender, Age at the Surgery, different Visual Acuity, Bilateral Excluded and Not-excluded eye, and Affected and Not-affected eye in unilateral, for comparisons. Results: Average age at surgery from 76 children was 2.83 ± 2.74 (0.11–12.21) years with follow up of 2.84 ± 1.84 (0.52–8.17) years, 29 (37.66%) had unilateral cataract. A total of 357 AL measurements were used, average of 4.70 ± 2.13 (2–10) measurements per eye. The average RALG for all eyes was 4.51 ± 3.06. There were no RALG significant differences comparing Unilateral and Bilateral eyes ( p = 0.51), Male and Female ( p = 0.26), Age at Surgery <0.5 and >0.5 years old ( p = 0.21), both eyes in Bilateral cases ( p = 0.70) and Unilateral Affected and Not-affected eyes ( p = 0.18). The equation Al = initial AL + slope ×  Log10 ((age + 0.6)⁄(initial age + 0.6)) estimates ALs in different ages. Conclusions: A model to predict AL growth in paediatric cataract was developed. Different studied factors did not significantly influence AL growth.
A comparison of measured film thicknesses with quantitative predictions from an elastohydrodynamic, perturbation analysis at high slide-roll ratios
Authors: Hooke Chris , Šperka Petr , Bair Scott , Morales-Espejel Guillermo E 
Published: August 2020

The behaviour of elastohydrodynamic contacts at high slide-roll ratios (SRR) differs markedly from that found in rolling conjunctions and at low SRRs. Behaviour is dominated by viscosity reduction due to shear-thinning and by temperature rises in the fluid and mating surfaces. These have a major influence on both the performance of smooth contacts and the behaviour of rough surfaces. This paper presents a set of experimental results for these conditions where artificial roughness in the form of transverse ridges is present. These are then compared to the results of a perturbation analysis to see whether this rapid analysis technique can adequately predict the behaviour. It is shown that very powerful feedback mechanisms exist in both the thermal and shear thinning and that these make the behaviour of surface roughness relatively insensitive to changes in fluid properties. In contrast to most previous work, real temperature, pressure and shear dependences of viscosity as measured in viscometers have been employed.
The role of pontine lesion location in differentiating multiple sclerosis from vascular risk factor-related small vessel disease
Authors: Geraldes Ruth , Juryńczyk Maciej , dos Passos Giordani Rodrigues , Pichler Alexander , Chung Karen , Hagens Marloes , Ruggieri Serena , Auger Cristina , Sastre-Garriga Jaume , Enzinger Christian , Chard Declan , Barkhof Frederik , Gasperini Claudio , Rovira Alex , DeLuca Gabriele , Palace Jacqueline ,   on behalf of the MAGNIMS study group
Published: August 2020

Background: Differentiating multiple sclerosis (MS) from vascular risk factor (VRF)-small vessel disease (SVD) can be challenging. Objective and Methods: In order to determine whether or not pontine lesion location is a useful discriminator of MS and VRF-SVD, we classified pontine lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as central or peripheral in 93 MS cases without VRF, 108 MS patients with VRF and 43 non-MS cases with VRF. Results: MS without VRF were more likely to have peripheral pons lesions (31.2%, 29/93) than non-MS with VRF (0%, 0/43) (Exp( B) = 29.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) = (1.98, 448.3); p = 0.014) but there were no significant differences regarding central pons lesions between MS without VRF (5.4%, 5/93) and non-MS with VRF patients (16.3%, 7/43) (Exp( B) = 0.89; 95% CI = (0.2, 3.94); p = 0.87). The presence of peripheral pons lesions discriminated between MS and VRF-SVD with 100% (95% CI = (91.8, 100)) specificity. The proportion of peripheral pons lesions in MS with VRF (30.5%, 33/108) was similar to that seen in MS without VRF (31.2%, 29/93, p = 0.99). Central lesions occurred in similar frequency in MS with VRF (8.3%, 9/108) and non-MS with VRF (16.3%, 7/43, p = 0.15). Conclusion: Peripheral pons lesion location is a good discriminator of MS from vascular lesions.
Crosslinguistic influence on English and Chinese L2 speakers’ conceptualization of event series
Authors: Tang Mengmeng , Vanek Norbert , Roberts Leah 
Published: August 2020

Aims and objectives/purpose/research question: The expression of event series varies across languages in intriguing ways. One key difference is that in some linguistic systems, such as Chinese, events can be tightly sequenced using serial verb constructions (SVCs), for example, qù kāi mén ‘go open door’. Linguistic systems with this property are known as serializing, and those without it, such as English, as non-serializing. This paper explores whether second language (L2) learners with a serializing first language (L1) conceptually transfer tight L1-based event serialization patterns into their non-serializing L2, and, if L2 learners with a non-serializing L1 acquire tight SVC-modulated event serialization in the L2. Design/methodology/approach: To investigate this, a task was created to estimate temporal distances between events on a time axis. Participants were asked to circle two numbers on the axis (0 = far past, 9 = far future) based on their understanding of when two events expressed by two verbs in each stimulus sentence happen. Data and analysis: Results showed that Chinese learners of English estimated significantly shorter temporal distances between multiple events in English SVC-like sentences compared to English natives. Tighter temporal sequencing in L2 English is interpreted as L1-based conceptual transfer of event serialization patterns. In the opposite direction, English learners of Chinese marked events in Chinese SVCs as significantly further apart than did Chinese natives, also showing that their event serialization is L1-based. Originality: This study demonstrates for the first time crosslinguistic influence on the conceptual level in the domain of event serialization. Significance/implications: The reported findings inform L2 acquisition research by providing empirical support for the idea that L1-based event serialization patterns influence how L2 learners conceptualize event distances, and this holds in both directions, from a serializing to a non-serializing language as well as vice versa.
Oversizing Increases Pacemaker Implantation Rate After Sutureless Minimally Invasive Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Geršak Borut , Glauber Mattia , Bouchard Denis , Jug Jure , Solinas Marco 
Published: August 2020

Objective Cardiac conduction system disturbances potentially leading to permanent pacemaker implantation are significant postoperative complications after aortic valve replacement. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of sutureless prosthetic valve oversizing on permanent pacemaker implantation rate. Methods This multicenter retrospective study included 306 patients who underwent minimally invasive aortic valve replacement with the Perceval sutureless valve. Oversizing was determined by the implanted valve size indexed to body surface area. Data were analyzed with a multivariable logistic regression model. Results This study confirmed excellent postoperative results for minimally invasive aortic valve replacement with right anterior minithoracotomy approach and rapid deployment sutureless valves. Mortality rate was 1%. Eighteen (5.9%) patients received a new permanent pacemaker. Multivariable logistic regression model ( P = 0.05) found oversizing as significant risk factor ( P = 0.017) for permanent postoperative pacemaker implantation independent of patient age. There was a significant negative correlation between the indexed implanted valve size and the mean and peak postoperative transvalvular gradients ( P < 0.001). Conclusions Oversizing of sutureless prosthetic aortic valves is a risk factor for postoperative permanent pacemaker implantation. Proper sizing of Perceval is important to avoid complications and ensure optimal valve performance.
Robot-assisted double screw fixation of minimally displaced scaphoid waist fracture nonunions or delayed unions without bone graft
Authors: Guo Yang , Ma Wei , Tong Dedi , Liu Kun , Yin Yaobin , Yang Chen 
Published: August 2020

We retrospectively reviewed 12 minimally displaced fractures of the scaphoid waist in 12 patients who developed delayed or nonunions with or without conservative treatment. Mean time between injury and surgery was 6 months (range 3–12). The fractures were stabilized with double screws, which were percutaneously inserted with robot assistance, and without bone grafting. All fractures united at a mean of 8 weeks (range 6–10) after surgery. The patients were followed-up at 6 months and 1 year. The patients recovered good wrist function. No major postoperative complications were reported, and the patients returned to their usual level of activity. Robot assistance gave a high degree of accuracy when placing the cannulated screws since only two attempts were needed for correct placement of the guide wires. We explain the high union incidence by patient selection, good stabilization and not disturbing the vascular supply. Level of evidence: IV
Risk Factors of Overuse Shoulder Injuries in Overhead Athletes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tooth Camille , Gofflot Amandine , Schwartz Cédric , Croisier Jean-Louis , Beaudart Charlotte , Bruyère Olivier , Forthomme Bénédicte 
Published: August 2020

Context: Shoulder injuries are highly prevalent in sports involving the upper extremity. Some risk factors have been identified in the literature, but consensus is still lacking. Objectives: To identify risk factors of overuse shoulder injury in overhead athletes, as described in the literature. Data Sources: A systematic review of the literature from the years 1970 to 2018 was performed using 2 electronic databases: PubMed and Scopus. Study Selection: Prospective studies, written in English, that described at least 1 risk factor associated with overuse shoulder injuries in overhead sports (volleyball, handball, basketball, swimming, water polo, badminton, baseball, and tennis) were considered for analysis. Study Design: Systematic review. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Data Extraction: Data were extracted from 25 studies. Study methodology quality was evaluated using the Modified Coleman Methodology Score. Results: Intrinsic factors, previous injury, range of motion (lack or excess), and rotator cuff weakness (isometric and isokinetic) highly increase the risk of future injuries. Additionally, years of athletic practice, body mass index, sex, age, and level of play seem to have modest influence. As for the effect of scapular dysfunction on shoulder injuries, it is still controversial, though these are typically linked. Extrinsic factors, field position, condition of practice (match/training), time of season, and training load also have influence on the occurrence of shoulder injuries. Conclusion: Range of motion, rotator cuff muscle weakness, and training load are important modifiable factors associated with shoulder injuries. Scapular dysfunction may also have influence. The preventive approach for shoulder injury should focus on these factors.
Arthroscopic Debridement and Autologous Micronized Adipose Tissue Injection in the Treatment of Advanced-Stage Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis of the Ankle
Authors: Shimozono Yoshiharu , Dankert John F. , Kennedy John G. 
Published: August 2020

Objective To evaluate the effect of intra-articular injection of autologous micronized adipose tissue (MAT) with ankle arthroscopic debridement in patients with advanced-stage posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) of ankle. Design A retrospective cohort study investigating patients treated with arthroscopic debridement and autologous MAT injection for ankle PTOA was performed. Patients with Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade 3 to 4 were included. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Foot and Ankle Outcome Scores (FAOS), and patient satisfaction were evaluated. Results A total of 19 patients (19 ankles) were included (KL grade 3, 8 patients; grade 4, 11 patients). At a mean follow-up time of 14.3 months (range, 7-23 months), the mean FAOS subscales for pain and quality of life significantly increased from 48.8 and 20.1 preoperatively to 61.1 and 30.1 ( P = 0.029 and 0.048, respectively). The mean VAS score significantly improved from 6.1 to 3.8 (P = 0.003) at final follow-up. A total of 10.5% (2/19) of patients were very satisfied, 31.6% (6/19) satisfied, 26.3% (5/19) neutral, 21.1% (4/19) unsatisfied, and 10.5% (2/19) very unsatisfied with their outcomes. The overall FAOS score demonstrated a significant difference in pre- to postoperative change with 14.8 for KL grade 3 and 5.9 for KL grade 4 ( P = 0.048). Conclusions Autologous MAT injection is a safe and potentially beneficial procedure for advanced-stage ankle PTOA as an adjunct to arthroscopic debridement, although more than one-third of patients were unsatisfied with the procedure. This procedure may be more beneficial for KL grade 3 patients than grade 4 patients. However, future investigations are necessary to define the role of MAT for ankle PTOA.
The effect of psychological resilience on functional outcomes in post-operative hip fracture patients in a Singapore community hospital
Authors: Tan Cheryl Yan Fang , Fang Andrew Hao Sen , Koh Eileen Yi Ling , Low Lian Leng 
Published: August 2020

Background: In Singapore, the number of hip fractures per year is projected to increase from 2500 to 9000 by 2050. Psychological factors are increasingly recognised as important predictors of healthy aging. While there are a growing number of studies examining resilience in different populations, there is a paucity of literature examining psychological resilience in individuals with hip fractures. Objectives: We aim to identify the association between high psychological resilience and improved functional outcomes in post-operative hip fracture patients in a Singapore Community Hospital, defined by a Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale 25 (CD-RISC 25) score of 62 and above. Methods: We conducted a pilot prospective cohort study in Bright Vision Community Hospital in Singapore. Post-operative elderly hip fracture patients were invited to participate in the study. Psychological resilience scores were measured on Day 1 of admission using CD-RISC 25. Functional outcomes were then tracked weekly for 21 days while participants underwent rehabilitation using the Modified Barthel Index (MBI). Results: High psychological resilience was found in 52.40% of the post-operative hip fracture participants in this study. Of those participants with high psychological resilience, 55% achieved functional independence ( n = 11), compared with 47.47% of participants with low psychological resilience ( n = 9) – although this result did not achieve statistical significance. Conclusion: One in two post-operative hip fracture patients had high psychological resilience, and our study suggests that patients with high psychological resilience can possibly achieve higher gains in functional scores and achieve functional independence.
Trajectories of the heart rate characteristics index, a physiomarker of sepsis in premature infants, predict Neonatal ICU mortality
Authors: Zimmet Amanda M , Sullivan Brynne A , Moorman J Randall , Lake Douglas E , Ratcliffe Sarah J 
Published: August 2020

Objective Trajectories of physiomarkers over time can be useful to define phenotypes of disease progression and as predictors of clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify phenotypes of the time course of late-onset sepsis in premature infants in Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Methods We examined the trajectories of a validated continuous physiomarker, abnormal heart rate characteristics, using functional data analysis and clustering techniques. Participants We analyzed continuous heart rate characteristics data from 2989 very low birth weight infants (<1500 grams) from nine NICUs from 2004–2010. Result Despite the relative homogeneity of the patients, we found extreme variability in the physiomarker trajectories. We identified phenotypes that were indicative of seven and 30 day mortality beyond that predicted by individual heart rate characteristics values or baseline demographic information. Conclusion Time courses of a heart rate characteristics physiomarker reveal snapshots of illness patterns, some of which were more deadly than others.
Erectile dysfunction after robotic radical prostatectomy: Real-life impact of vacuum erection device clinic
Authors: Jones Patrick , Sandoval Barba Hector , Johnson Mark I , Soomro Naeem , Robson Wendy , Ferguson Jill , Aning Jonathan J 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Post-radical prostatectomy erectile dysfunction (post-RPED) is a common and potentially devastating complication. The role of PDE5-inhibitors (PDE5-Is) in post-RPED is controversial and invasive pharmacological treatments are associated with poor long-term compliance. Vacuum erection devices (VEDs) are a non-pharmacological alternative. Little data regarding VED efficacy and associated patient satisfaction in post-RPED exists. This study aimed to investigate the outcomes of VED therapy in a post-robot assisted radical prostatectomy (post-RARP) population. Methods: All men who underwent RARP at a single centre between February 2015 and October 2017 attended a nurse-led holistic-needs-assessment (HNA) appointment at 10 weeks post-RARP. All men identifying ED as a concern at HNA were offered dedicated nurse-led post-RPED clinic and VED clinic appointments. A cross-sectional survey of patient reported outcomes in these men was performed. Results: In total 137/539 (25%) men reported ED as a concern at HNA. All 137 men attended the VED clinic, 124/137 (90%) responded to the survey. Commonest reason for choosing VED therapy was for combined psychological, penetration and lengthening purposes (48%). Median time from RARP to VED clinic and from VED clinic to survey was 122 days (range 56–595) and 462 days (range 66–932) respectively. At survey 88/124(70.9%) reported continued use of VED, 69/88 (78%) of this group perceived VED treatment to be successful. Of those who had stopped using VED, 7/36 (19%) felt it had been successful. Key reasons for discontinuation were either because men felt it ineffective (13/36 (37%)) or disliked the device (10/36 (29%)). Conclusion: VED therapy is an effective treatment for men with post-RARP ED that is well tolerated with good short- to medium-term compliance. Up to two-thirds of men may find overall satisfaction with their post-RPED after VED therapy. Level of Evidence: 3
Comparison of early results of total knee replacement performed with Zimmer iASSIST versus conventional technique
Authors: Lai Ho Yeung Cyrus , Tang Yan Ho Bruce , Wong Hok Leung 
Published: August 2020

Background: Zimmer iASSIST knee is an accelerometer-based navigation system with the aim of achieving better alignment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We have started using this system since early 2016. This is a retrospective case–control study, which aims to compare the radiological alignment, operation time, and blood loss of TKAs performed using the iASSIST system and those using conventional techniques. Materials and Methods: 42 TKAs using Zimmer iASSIST and 44 TKAs using conventional instrumentation were recruited. The overall coronal alignment and the coronal and sagittal alignment of the femoral and tibial component were compared. For coronal alignment, additional analysis of the absolute deviation from neutral mechanical axis was performed to avoid canceling out of varus/valgus deviation. The number of outliers, operation time, and blood loss in terms of maximal hemoglobin drop were also compared. Results: When comparing the alignment of the iASSIST group with the conventional group, there were no significant differences ( p > 0.05) in the number of outliers, mean coronal alignments, mean deviation from neutral coronal mechanical axis (2.9° vs. 2.9°), and femoral component flexion angle (4.9° vs. 4.7°). The difference in the mean tibial component posterior slope was significant (5.7° vs. 7.1°, p < 0.05). The mean operation time was significantly longer by 13 min ( p < 0.05) in the iASSIST group. There were no significant differences in the mean hemoglobin drop between the two groups. Conclusion: The results demonstrated no significant differences in terms of coronal radiological alignment, femoral flexion angle, outliers, and blood loss between iASSIST and conventional technique. There was a small but statistically significant difference in tibial posterior slope. The iASSIST group needed a longer operation time.
Addressing Hypertension in Patients With Psoriasis: Review and Recommendations
Authors: deShazo Rosemary A. , Secrest Aaron M. , Armstrong April W. , Duffin Kristina Callis 
Published: August 2020

Importance: Patients with psoriasis are at an increased risk of hypertension, and when present, hypertension is more severe in patients with psoriasis. However, hypertension often goes underdiagnosed and undertreated in this population, which can contribute to increased overall morbidity and mortality. Objective: To review the relationship between psoriasis and hypertension and provide practical screening and treatment recommendations for dermatologists to address hypertension in patients with psoriasis. Evidence Review: PubMed and MEDLINE databases were searched for hypertension and psoriasis. Consensus was reached by the authors based on published work and clinical experience for recommendations on screening, monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment of hypertension in patients with psoriasis. Findings: Hypertension is more prevalent, and often more severe, in the psoriasis population. This review summarizes recommendations for annual hypertension screening in patients with psoriasis, as well as diagnostic cutoffs and initial therapies for dermatologists to consider. Referral to primary care for continued hypertension management and additional referral recommendations based on comorbidities are described. Conclusions and Relevance: Psoriasis is a common dermatologic diagnosis in the United States. Dermatologists should be fully aware of appropriate screening, diagnosis, and initial management of hypertension in this population to help improve morbidity and mortality.