bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of 4 weeks daily wild blueberry supplementation on symptoms of depression in adolescents
Authors: Fisk Jeni , Khalid Sundus , Reynolds Shirley A. , Williams Claire M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAdolescence is an important period for cognitive maturation and emotional regulation, and this age group is particularly vulnerable to developing depression. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables have been associated with decreased risk of developing depressive disorders across the lifespan, maybe due to the high flavonoid content of these foods. Previously, we have shown increases in transient positive affect (PA) in both children and young adults 2 h after administration of a wild blueberry (WBB) intervention. Here, using a randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we investigated the effects of 4 weeks, daily WBB supplementation (containing about 253 mg anthocyanins) on transient and chronic mood in adolescents. Healthy 12–17-year old (n 64, thirty-five females) participants were randomly assigned to receive either a WBB or matched placebo supplementation. Depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed before and after the intervention period using the Mood and Feeling Questionnaire and Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale. Transient affect was assessed before, 2 weeks and at 4 weeks using PA and negative affect. Following the intervention period, there were significantly fewer self-reported depression symptoms in participants who were supplemented with WBB compared with placebo (P = 0·02, 95 % CI –6·71, –5·35). There was no between-group effect on anxiety symptoms or on transient affect. Further investigation is required to identify specific mechanisms that link flavonoids consumption and mood. If replicated, the observed effects of WBB supplementation may be a potential prevention strategy for adolescent depression and may have benefits for public mental health.
Sub-regional anterior cingulate cortex functional connectivity revealed default network subsystem dysfunction in patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Peng Xiaolong , Wu Xiaoping , Gong Ruxue , Yang Rui , Wang Xiang , Zhu Wenzhen , Lin Pan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental disorder characterized by impairments in affect, behaviour and cognition. Previous studies have indicated that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) may play an essential role in the pathophysiology of depression. In this study, we systematically identified changes in functional connectivity (FC) for ACC subdivisions that manifest in MDD and further investigated the relationship between these changes and the clinical symptoms of depression.MethodsSub-regional ACC FC was estimated in 41 first-episode medication-naïve MDD patients compared to 43 healthy controls. The relationships between depressive symptom severity and aberrant FC of ACC subdivisions were investigated. In addition, we conducted a meta-analysis to generate the distributions of MDD-related abnormal regions from previously reported results and compared them to FC deficits revealed in this study.ResultsIn MDD patients, the subgenual and perigenual ACC demonstrated decreased FC with the posterior regions of the default network (DN), including the posterior inferior parietal lobule and posterior cingulate cortex. FC of these regions was negatively associated with the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire scores and largely overlapped with previously reported abnormal regions. In addition, reduced FC between the caudal ACC and precuneus was negatively correlated with the Hamilton Anxiety Scale scores. We also found increased FC between the rostral ACC and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex.ConclusionsOur findings confirmed that functional interaction changes in different ACC sub-regions are specific and associated with distinct symptoms of depression. Our findings provide new insights into the role of ACC sub-regions and DN in the pathophysiology of MDD.
Vivre sans ma voiture: une intervention pour soutenir les Canadiens-francophones âgés
Authors: Pigeon Caroline , Blais Evelyne , Grondin Roxanne , Bolduc-Rouleau Esther , Fontaine-Pagé Laura , Lanoie Noémie , Laramée Caroline , Gabaude Catherine , Levasseur Mélanie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe cessation of driving is a difficult transition for the elderly, but it can be facilitated through interventions. The purpose of this study was to explore the satisfaction, usefulness and applicability of theCarFreeMeintervention in the French-Canadian context. A qualitative clinical research device was used on ten older adults aged between 61 and 90 years. The participants had stopped driving within the last twelve months or were planning to stop driving in the near future and did not have cognitive impairments. After the intervention, the participants were generally satisfied and reported on its usefulness and applicability in a French-Canadian context. In addition, they identified the positive impacts related to their social involvement as they re-engaged in or pursued their significant activities. Further research is required to assess the intervention’s effects and the practicability of implementing it in Canada.
Amino acid transportation, sensing and signal transduction in the mammary gland: key molecular signalling pathways in the regulation of milk synthesis
Authors: Wu Zhihui , Heng Jinghui , Tian Min , Song Hanqing , Chen Fang , Guan Wutai , Zhang Shihai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe mammary gland, a unique exocrine organ, is responsible for milk synthesis in mammals. Neonatal growth and health are predominantly determined by quality and quantity of milk production. Amino acids are crucial maternal nutrients that are the building blocks for milk protein and are potential energy sources for neonates. Recent advances made regarding the mammary gland further demonstrate that some functional amino acids also regulate milk protein and fat synthesis through distinct intracellular and extracellular pathways. In the present study, we discuss recent advances in the role of amino acids (especially branched-chain amino acids, methionine, arginine and lysine) in the regulation of milk synthesis. The present review also addresses the crucial questions of how amino acids are transported, sensed and transduced in the mammary gland.
Fine-grained analysis of language varieties and demographics
Authors: Rangel Francisco , Rosso Paolo , Zaghouani Wajdi , Charfi Anis 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe rise of social media empowers people to interact and communicate with anyone anywhere in the world. The possibility of being anonymous avoids censorship and enables freedom of expression. Nevertheless, this anonymity might lead to cybersecurity issues, such as opinion spam, sexual harassment, incitement to hatred or even terrorism propaganda. In such cases, there is a need to know more about the anonymous users and this could be useful in several domains beyond security and forensics such as marketing, for example. In this paper, we focus on a fine-grained analysis of language varieties while considering also the authors’ demographics. We present a Low-Dimensionality Statistical Embedding method to represent text documents. We compared the performance of this method with the best performing teams in the Author Profiling task at PAN 2017. We obtained an average accuracy of 92.08% versus 91.84% for the best performing team at PAN 2017. We also analyse the relationship of the language variety identification with the authors’ gender. Furthermore, we applied our proposed method to a more fine-grained annotated corpus of Arabic varieties covering 22 Arab countries and obtained an overall accuracy of 88.89%. We have also investigated the effect of the authors’ age and gender on the identification of the different Arabic varieties, as well as the effect of the corpus size on the performance of our method.
The Giant Marine Gastropod Campanile Giganteum (Lamarck, 1804) as a High‐Resolution Archive of Seasonality in the Eocene Greenhouse World
Authors: de Winter Niels J. , Vellekoop Johan , Clark Alexander J. , Stassen Peter , Speijer Robert P. , Claeys Philippe 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGiant gastropods are among the largest mollusks in the fossil record, but their potential as paleoseasonality archives has received little attention. Here, we combine stable isotope and trace element analyses with microscopic observations and growth modeling on shells of two species of the gastropod genus Campanile: the extinct Campanile giganteum from Lutetian (~45 Ma) deposits in the Paris Basin (France), the longest gastropod known from the fossil record, and its modern relative Campanile symbolicum from southwestern Australia. The C. giganteum shells contain original aragonite and have pristine nacre in their apertures. We show that these gastropods attained growth rates exceeding 600 mm/year along their helix, depositing over 300 cm3 aragonite per year. High growth rates and excellent preservation make C. giganteum excellent archives for reconstructing environmental change at high (potentially daily) temporal resolution, while providing enough material for methods such as clumped isotope analysis. Growth models show that Campanile gastropods grew nearly year‐round, albeit slower in winter. Stable oxygen isotope ratios in modern C. symbolicum faithfully record a seasonal variability of 18–25°C in sea surface temperature, only failing to record the coolest winter temperatures (down to ~16°C). Similarly, C. giganteum specimens likely record a nearly complete seasonal temperature range. Assuming constant sea water isotope composition, their oxygen isotope seasonality of up to 2.5‰ would translate to a Lutetian temperature range of 21–32°C in the Paris Basin. We hypothesize that these high and seasonally variable temperatures formed the breeding ground for the Lutetian shallow marine biodiversity hotspot in the Paris Basin.
Microphysical Model Predictions of Fault Restrengthening Under Room‐Humidity and Hydrothermal Conditions: From Logarithmic to Power‐Law Healing
Authors: Chen Jianye , van den Ende Martijn P. A. , Niemeijer André R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe maximum fault strength and rate of interseismic fault strengthening (“healing”) are of great interest to earthquake hazard assessment studies, as they directly relate to event magnitude and recurrence time. Previous laboratory studies have revealed two distinct frictional healing behaviors, referred to as Dieterich‐type and non‐Dieterich‐type healing. These are characterized by, respectively, log‐linear and power‐law increase in the strength change with time. To date, there is no physical explanation for the frictional behavior of fault gouges that unifies these seemingly inconsistent observations. Using a microphysical friction model previously developed for granular fault gouges, we investigate fault strengthening analytically and numerically under boundary conditions corresponding to laboratory slide‐hold‐slide tests. We find that both types of healing can be explained by considering the difference in grain contact creep rheology at short and long time scales. Under hydrothermal conditions favorable for pressure solution creep, healing exhibits a power‐law evolution with hold time, with an exponent of ~1/3, and an “apparent” cutoff time (α) of hundreds of seconds. Under room‐humidity conditions, where grain contact deformation exhibits only a weak strain‐rate dependence, the predicted healing also exhibits a power‐law dependence on hold time, but it can be approximated by a log‐linear relation with α of a few seconds. We derive analytical expressions for frictional healing parameters (i.e., healing rate, cutoff time, and maximum healing), of which the predictions are consistent with numerical implementation of the model. Finally, we apply the microphysical model to small fault patches on a natural carbonate fault and interpret the restrengthening during seismic cycles.
Symmetry-enforced three-dimensional Dirac phononic crystals
Authors: Cai Xiangxi , Ye Liping , Qiu Chunyin , Xiao Meng , Yu Rui , Ke Manzhu , Liu Zhengyou 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDirac semimetals, the materials featuring fourfold degenerate Dirac points, are critical states of topologically distinct phases. Such gapless topological states have been accomplished by a band-inversion mechanism, in which the Dirac points can be annihilated pairwise by perturbations without changing the symmetry of the system. Here, we report an experimental observation of Dirac points that are enforced completely by the crystal symmetry using a nonsymmorphic three-dimensional phononic crystal. Intriguingly, our Dirac phononic crystal hosts four spiral topological surface states, in which the surface states of opposite helicities intersect gaplessly along certain momentum lines, as confirmed by additional surface measurements. The novel Dirac system may release new opportunities for studying elusive (pseudo) and offer a unique prototype platform for acoustic applications.
Effect of corneal stromal pocket irrigation in small-incision lenticule extraction
Authors: Wang Han , Ding Hui , Ouyang Bo-wen , Yang Zhenduo , Zhong Tan , Fan Hongming , Zhong Xingwu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the effect of corneal stromal pocket irrigation after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) on visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal parameters and complications after surgery.

Methods
A total of 242 eyes of 121 patients undergoing SMILE were enrolled in this prospective controlled study, and it was designed for one eye to randomly undergo SMILE with balanced salt solution irrigation of the corneal stromal pocket, while the other eye was not. The uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and slit lamp examination were recorded at 1 hour, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month. Postoperative corneal density, corneal biomechanical, corneal endothelial cell number, and anterior OCT images were compared at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month.

Results
Compared with the nonirrigation group, the irrigation group showed significantly higher UDVA at 1 day postoperatively (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference during the rest of the postoperative period (1 hour, 1 week, and 1 month). In addition, no significant differences were found in IOP, corneal density, corneal biomechanics, corneal endothelial cells, and corneal morphology. No visual decline or severe postoperative complications were found in the patients in this study.

Conclusions
Interlamellar irrigation did not affect IOP, corneal parameters, morphology, complications, or UDVA at 1 hour, 1 week, and 1 month after the operation, but it may promote UDVA 1 day after the operation.
Long-range replica exchange molecular dynamics guided drug repurposing against tyrosine kinase PtkA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Nagpal Priya , Jamal Salma , Singh Hina , Ali Waseem , Tanweer Sana , Sharma Rahul , Grover Abhinav , Grover Sonam 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death worldwide and its impact has intensified due to the emergence of multi drug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB strains. Protein phosphorylation plays a vital role in the virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) mediated by protein kinases. Protein tyrosine phosphatase A (MptpA) undergoes phosphorylation by a unique tyrosine-specific kinase, protein tyrosine kinase A (PtkA), identified in the M.tb genome. PtkA phosphorylates PtpA on the tyrosine residues at positions 128 and 129, thereby increasing PtpA activity and promoting pathogenicity of MptpA. In the present study, we performed an extensive investigation of the conformational behavior of the intrinsically disordered domain (IDD) of PtkA using replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations. Long-term molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to elucidate the role of IDD on the catalytic activity of kinase core domain (KCD) of PtkA. This was followed by identification of the probable inhibitors of PtkA using drug repurposing to block the PtpA-PtkA interaction. The inhibitory role of IDD on KCD has already been established; however, various analyses conducted in the present study showed that IDDPtkA had a greater inhibitory effect on the catalytic activity of KCDPtkA in the presence of the drugs esculin and inosine pranobex. The binding of drugs to PtkA resulted in formation of stable complexes, indicating that these two drugs are potentially useful as inhibitors of M.tb.
A cost-effective polyethylene glycol-based method for the isolation of functional edible nanoparticles from ginger rhizomes
Authors: Kalarikkal Sreeram Peringattu , Prasad Durga , Kasiappan Ravi , Chaudhari Sachin R. , Sundaram Gopinath M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEdible nanoparticles (ENPs) are nano-sized vesicles derived from edible plants. These ENPs are loaded with plant derived microRNAs, protein, lipids and phytochemicals. Recently, ginger derived ENPs was shown to prevent inflammatory bowel diseases and colon cancer, in vivo, highlighting their therapeutic potential. Conventionally, differential centrifugation with an ultra-centrifugation step is employed to purify these ENPs which imposes limitation on the cost-effectiveness of their purification. Herein, we developed polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG6000) based ginger ENP purification (PEG-ENPs) method, which eliminates the need for expensive ultracentrifugation. Using different PEG6000 concentrations, we could recover between 60% to 90% of ENPs compared to ultracentrifugation method. PEG-ENPs exhibit near identical size and zeta potential similar to ultra-ENPs. The biochemical composition of PEG-ENPs, such as proteins, lipids, small RNAs and bioactive content is comparable to that of ultra-ENPs. In addition, similar to ultra-ENPs, PEG-ENPs are efficiently taken up by the murine macrophages and protects cells from hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress. Since PEG has been approved as food additive, the PEG method described here will provide a cost-effective alternative to purify ENPs, which can be directly used as a dietary supplement in therapeutic formulations.
Increasing incidence of macular edema in excessive morning blood pressure surge in patients with retinal vein occlusion
Authors: Kim Hyun-Jin , Shin Yong Un , Lee Yonggu , Kang Min Ho , Seong Mincheol , Cho Heeyoon , Heo Ran , Park Jin-kyu , Lim Young-Hyo , Shin Jeong-Hun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMorning blood pressure surge (MBPS) had been known to be associated with hypertensive target organ injury and vascular events. Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is also known to be related with underlying cardiovascular risk factors. This study investigated the effect of MBPS on patients with RVO. In total, 76 patients with RVO who had undergone systemic cardiovascular examination including a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, carotid artery intima media thickness, and pulse wave velocity were evaluated between January 2015 and February 2019. The MBPS was calculated as follows: mean systolic blood pressure measured over two hours after awakening minus mean systolic blood pressure measured during the one hour that included the lowest sleep blood pressure. Macular edema was significantly more prevalent in the MBPS group compared with the non-MBPS group. After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariate regression analyses revealed that MBPS independently predicted macular edema in patients with RVO [Odds ratio 4.75, 95% confidence interval 1.136–16.6, p = 0.015]. In conclusion, evaluating blood pressure patterns, especially MBPS, using 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring may be useful for assessing and predicting ophthalmologic outcome and may facilitate better blood pressure control in patients with RVO.
The detection of age groups by dynamic gait outcomes using machine learning approaches
Authors: Zhou Yuhan , Romijnders Robbin , Hansen Clint , Campen Jos van , Maetzler Walter , Hortobágyi Tibor , Lamoth Claudine J. C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPrevalence of gait impairments increases with age and is associated with mobility decline, fall risk and loss of independence. For geriatric patients, the risk of having gait disorders is even higher. Consequently, gait assessment in the clinics has become increasingly important. The purpose of the present study was to classify healthy young-middle aged, older adults and geriatric patients based on dynamic gait outcomes. Classification performance of three supervised machine learning methods was compared. From trunk 3D-accelerations of 239 subjects obtained during walking, 23 dynamic gait outcomes were calculated. Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) was applied for dimensionality reduction of the data for Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification. Random Forest (RF) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were applied to the 23 gait outcomes without prior data reduction. Classification accuracy of SVM was 89%, RF accuracy was 73%, and ANN accuracy was 90%. Gait outcomes that significantly contributed to classification included: Root Mean Square (Anterior-Posterior, Vertical), Cross Entropy (Medio-Lateral, Vertical), Lyapunov Exponent (Vertical), step regularity (Vertical) and gait speed. ANN is preferable due to the automated data reduction and significant gait outcome identification. For clinicians, these gait outcomes could be used for diagnosing subjects with mobility disabilities, fall risk and to monitor interventions.
Ultrasonic synthesis of nano-PrO1.8 as nanozyme for colorimetric determination of trans-resveratrol
Authors: Wang Lizhi , Liu Yang , Lu Chanfang , Yang Zhouping , Liu Yaqing , Wang Yanying , Rao Hanbing , Zhang Wei , Wang Xianxiang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, nano-PrO1.8 were synthesized successfully in ionic liquids (ILs) as template assisted ultrasonic irradiation method. Various precipitating agents and different types of ILs were investigated to determine their respective effects on the morphology of the end products. Using hydrazine hydrate as a precipitating agent and 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride as a template, spherical structure with an average diameter of 250 nm was obtained. It is worth noting that the prepared material exhibits high peroxidase-like activity and weak oxidase activity. Then, the catalytic oxidation capacity of the nano-PrO1.8 was evaluated by the peroxidase substrate 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). The colorless of TMB can be converted into blue oxidized TMB (oxTMB) in the presence of nano-PrO1.8, but trans-resveratrol inhibited its peroxidase-like activity and weakened the blue color. Hence, we developed a sensitive, selective and simple colorimetric method for trans-resveratrol detection using nano-PrO1.8 as peroxidase-like enzyme. A linear relationship was found in the range of 0.30 µM–16 µM trans-resveratrol with the detection limit of 0.29 µM. Satisfactory results were achieved when the method was submitted to the determination of trans-resveratrol in white wine samples.