bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What is the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Emergency Medicine Residency Training: An observational study
Authors: Lo Hsiang-Yun , Lin Shen-Che , Chaou Chung-Hsien , Chang Yu-Che , Ng Chip-Jin , Chen Shou-Yen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has engendered difficulties for health systems globally; however, the effect of the pandemic on emergency medicine (EM) residency training programs is unknown. The pandemic has caused reduced volumes of emergency department (ED) patients, except for those with COVID-19 infections, and this may reduce the case exposure of EM residents. The primary objective of this study was to compare the clinical exposure of EM residents between the prepandemic and pandemic periods. Methods This was a retrospective study of EM resident physicians’ training in a tertiary teaching hospital with two branch regional hospitals in Taiwan. We retrieved data regarding patients seen by EM residents in the ED between September 1, 2019, and April 30, 2020. The first confirmed COVID-19 case in Taiwan was reported on January 11, so the pandemic period in our study was defined as spanning from February 1, 2020, to April 30, 2020. The number and characteristics of patients seen by residents were recorded. We compared the data between the prepandemic and pandemic periods.Results The mean number of patients per hour (PPH) seen by EM residents in the adult ED decreased in all three hospitals during the pandemic. The average PPH of critical area of medical ED was 1.68 in the pre-epidemic period and decreased to 1.33 in the epidemic period (p value < 0.001). The average number of patients managed by residents decreased from 1.24 to 0.82 in the trauma ED (p value= 0.01) and 1.56 to 0.51 in the pediatric ED (p value=0.003) during the pandemic, respectively. The severity of patient illness did not change significantly between the periods. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic engendered a reduced ED volume and decreased EM residents’ clinical exposure. All portion of EM residency training were affected by the pandemic, with pediatric EM being the most affected. The patient volume reduction may persist and in turn reduce patients’ case exposure until the pandemic subsides. Adjustment of the training programs may be necessary and ancillary methods of learning should be used to ensure adequate EM residency training.
Structural and functional analysis of LIM domain-dependent recruitment of paxillin to focal adhesions
Authors: Ripamonti Marta , Liaudet Nicolas , Wehrle-Haller Bernhard 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The LIM domain-dependent localization of the adapter protein paxillin to focal adhesions (FAs) is not mechanistically understood. Here, by combining molecular biology with photoactivation and FA-isolation experiments, we demonstrate a specific contribution of each LIM domain and reveal the existence of multiple paxillin docking sites in the FA-complex. Mutation of β3 integrin at a putative paxillin binding site leads to rapid inward sliding of FAs, correlating with enhanced paxillin dissociation rates. Mechanical coupling of paxillin to integrins or the plasma membrane arrests the FAs sliding, thereby disclosing an essential structural function of the LIM-array for the maturation of integrin/talin clusters. Moreover, via bimolecular fluorescence complementation, we determine a precise spatial orientation of the paxillin LIM domains, juxtaposing the positively charged LIM4 to the plasma membrane and the extremity of the β3 integrin tail, providing structural insights into the molecular organization of FAs.
Psychiatric Disorders in Female Psychosexual Disorders—A Nationwide, Cohort Study in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Iau-Jin , Tzeng Nian-Sheng , Chung Chi-Hsiang , Wu-chien Chien 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: We aimed to investigate whether females with psychosexual disorders (PSD) were associated with the risk of affective and other psychiatric disorders. Methods: A total of 2,240 enrolled individuals, with 560 PSD patients and 1,680 non-PSD subjects (1:3) matched for age and index year, from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, retrieved from the National Health Insurance Research Database, between 2000-2015 in Taiwan. The multivariate Cox regression model was used to compare the risk of developing psychiatric disorders during the 15 years of follow-up. Results: There were 98 in the PSD cohort (3444.66 per 100,000 person-year) and 119 in the non-PSD cohort (736.07 per 100,000 person-year) that developed psychiatric disorders. The multivariate Cox regression model revealed that, after the adjustment of age, monthly income, urbanization level, geographic region, and comorbidities, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 9.848 (95% CI= 7.298 — 13.291, p < 0.001). Sexual dysfunctions (adjusted HR = 6.448), paraphilia (adjusted HR = 33.366), and gender identity disorders (adjusted HR = 12.286) were associated with the overall psychiatric disorders. Conclusions: Female patients with PSD were associated with the risk of psychiatric disorders. This finding could be a refiner for clinicians about the mental health problems in the PSD patients.
WITHDRAWN: LncRNA DSCAM-AS1 Promotes Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Colorectal Cancer Cells via Modulating miR-144-5p/CDKL1
Authors: Pei Jiaping , Deng Xiaozhao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background LncRNA DSCAM-AS1 is oncogenic in several cancers. However, DSCAM-AS1 expression and function in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain far from being fully elucidated. Methods Paired CRC tissues/adjacent tissues were collected, and the expression levels of DSCAM-AS1, miR-144-5p and CDKL1 were examined by qRT-PCR; DSCAM-AS1 shRNA was transfected into HCT-116 and SW480 cell lines to establish cell models. The proliferation was detected through CCK-8 assay and plate colony formation assay. Transwell assay was used to evaluate the migration and invasion. QRT-PCR and western blot were adopted to analyze changes in miR-144-5p and CDKL1; luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to determine the regulatory relationship between miR-144-5p and DSCAM-AS1, miR-144-5p and CDKL1. Results DSCAM-AS1 was notably up-regulated in CRC samples, positively correlated with CDKL1 expression, while negatively correlated with miR-144-5p. After the transfection of DSCAM-AS1 shRNAs into cancer cells, the proliferative and metastatic ability of cancer cells were impeded. DSCAM-AS1 could reduce the expression level of miR-144-5p by binding with it. Additionally, CDKL1 was also validated as a target gene of miR-144-5p, and DSCAM-AS1 was proved to indirectly regulate CDKL1 expression. Conclusion DSCAM-AS1 was aberrantly up-regulated in CRC, and it can modulate the cells proliferative and metastatic ability. It has the ability to be the “ceRNA” to regulate CDKL1 expression via sponging miR-144-5p.
Parents' and medical staff's experience of adolescents with suicide-related behaviors admitted to a general hospital in China: qualitative study
Authors: Fu Xi , Yang Jiaxin , Liao Xiaoli , Shen Yidong , Ou Jianjun , Li Yamin , Chen Runsen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Currently, there is increasing awareness of suicide-related behaviors. Mental health services are a key location for assisting people with suicide-related behaviors. However, few studies focused on the evaluation and experience of the mental health care system from families and the medical staff’s perspective in China. The study is aim to explore parents' and the front-line medical staff's experience of an adolescent with suicide-related behaviors admitted to the psychiatry department of a general hospital in China.Design: Qualitative study was employed in the study. Participants were recruited from a general hospital in China characterized by high levels in the Chinese mental health system.Methods: Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted exploring their experience and perceptions when an adolescent admitted to the hospital. The theme analysis method is used for data analysis.Results: Participants expressed dissatisfaction in the psychiatric department. Other barriers in their work were identified, such as the shortage of staff and difficulties in caring or communicating with patients. Besides, the imperfect treatment system also contributes to the low satisfaction of patients and their families. Four themes were identified for medical staff’s experience:1) Perception of working in psychiatry; 2) The challenges of working in psychiatry; 3) The advice to the health care service. Two themes for parents: 1) The evaluation for hospitalization treatment; 2) The advice to the health care service.Conclusion: This study found that insufficient staffing and lacking of systematic professional treatment models are the major challenges. We suggest increasing the input of mental health resources to expand and train the mental health service team and establish a complete set of a treatment model for SRBs.
Surgical Outcomes for the Thoracic Ossification of Ligamentum flavum: A Retrospective Analysis of 61 Cases
Authors: Yamada Tsuyoshi , Shindo Shigeo , Yoshii Toshitaka , Ushio Shuta , Kusano Kazuo , Miyake Norihiko , Arai Yoshiyasu , Otani Kazuyuki , Okawa Atsushi , Nakai Osamu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Thoracic ossification of ligamentum flavum (T-OLF), as one of the causes of thoracic myelopathy, is often combined with other spinal disorders. Concurrent lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LCS) is often abstruse by symptoms due to T-OLF, leading to difficulty in identifying the origin of these neurological findings. It is common to be misdiagnosed or delayed diagnosis due to the complicated nature. We evaluated the prevalence, distribution, and clinical characteristics of OLF, especially in patients with LCS.Methods: The authors performed a retrospective analysis of the outcomes of 61 patients who underwent thoracic surgeries performed for symptomatic T-OLF. In all the patients, whole spine lesions were evaluated preoperatively. We examined the factors related to poor outcomes (the recovery rate of the Japanese Orthopedic Association score for thoracic myelopathy is less than 40%) following OLF surgeries. We further compared the clinical outcomes according to whether there is concurrent LCS, and determined the optimal surgical approach.Results: The prevalence of T-OLF increased in an age-dependent manner. Forty-six cases (75.4%) were considered to be tandem T-OLF and LCS (LCS group). An advanced age, and concurrent LCS were associated with a poor outcome after the surgery, rather than type of surgical procedure, the local T-OLF size, configuration, the number of OLF lesions, or radiographic cervical stenosis. The LCS group significantly included a greater number of elderly, and more light-weighted patients with Modic change in thoracic spine and a greater SVA, resulting in the lower neurological recovery. Additional lumbar surgery (13cases) effectively improved both the T-JOA and L-JOA scores (from 6.5 ± 2.0 points to 8.0 ± 1.8 points, p=0.0406, and from 14.5 ± 4.7 points to 20.7 ± 2.6 points, p=0.001, respectively) in OLF patients with LCS.Conclusions: T-OLF was highly combined with other spinal disorders. Poor outcomes in T-OLF surgery could be associated with age and concurrent LCS, and an additional surgery for another lumbar lesion significantly improved neurological findings in T-OLF patients.
Parameter Optimization of Gas Metal Arc Welding Process on AISI: 430 Stainless Steel Using Meta Heuristic Optimization Techniques
Authors: Ravichandran P. , B Meenakshipriya , Parameshwaran R. , Maheswari C. , Priyanka E.B. , Sivapathasekaran P. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The superiority and profile of the weld obtained through Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) are not only depends on the chemical configuration of the flux, but also on the choice of welding parameters. Since variety of process parameters influence the results, a proper empathetic of process performance and identification of suitable welding conditions (i.e. optimum setting of process parameters) are indeed essential to enhance quality. The present work highlights the application and comparison of single-response optimization using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Meta Heuristic Optimization techniques namely Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Firefly Algorithm (FA). The experimental analysis is conducted by optimizing the input parameters like Current Rating (Amp), Feed Rate (m/min), Welding Speed (mm/sec) and Gas Flow (l/m). An attempt has been made in the present research work by taking AISI: 430 stainless steel specimens to compare and analyse the performance in terms of weld bead geometry (Bead Width (mm), Bead Height (mm) and Depth of Penetration (mm)), Hardness (VHN) and Tensile Strength (N/mm²) using IRB 1410 Industrial manipulator. The effect of process parameters on ferritic stainless steel of series 400 (AISI: 430) grade has been analysed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) method. Further, Meta Heuristic Optimization techniques namely Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Firefly Algorithm (FA) have been developed further to minimize the bead width, bead height and maximize the depth of penetration. While fairly similar results were achieved with the implementation of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Firefly Algorithm (FA) were computationally efficient. Experimental validation of the single-objective as well as multi-objective optimization results indicates that the empirical models for the quality prediction with proposed optimization results are better for the GMAW process by IRB 1410 Industrial manipulator.
Enhancing Positron Production using Front Surface Target Structures
Authors: Jiang Sheng , Link Anthony , Canning Dave , Fooks Julie , Kempler Paul , Kerr Shaun , Kim J , Krieger Michael , Lewis Nathan , Wallace Russell , Williams G. Jackson , Yalamanchili Sisir , Chen Hui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We report the first experimental results and simulations that demonstrate a substantial effect of large-scale front-surface target structures on high-intensity laser-produced positrons. Specifically, as compared to a flat target under nominally the same laser conditions, an optimized Si microwire array target yielded a near 100% increase in the laser-to-positron conversion efficiency and produced a 10 MeV increase in positron energy. Full-scale particle-in-cell simulations that modeled the entire positron production and transport process starting from laser-plasma interactions provided additional insight into the beneficial role of target structuring. The agreement between experimental and simulated spectra suggests future target structure optimization for desired positron sources.
Effects of Adding Respiratory Exercises to the Therapeutic Routine in Smartphone Users With Forward Head Posture and Non-Specific Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Dareh-deh Hamid Rezaee , Hadadnezhad Malihe , Letafkar Amir , Peolsson Anneli 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Neck pain and forward head posture are common in prolonged smartphone users and need to be targeted for treatment. We aimed to compare the effect of adding respiratory exercises to the therapeutic routine in smartphone users with forward-head posture and non-specific chronic neck pain.Mehods: Sixty patients (aged 24.7±2.1 years), were randomly assigned to the therapeutic routine (n=20), combined respiratory-exercises with therapeutic routine (n=20), or control groups (n=20). Each programme was implemented three times a week for 8 weeks. Forward head angle, pain, electromyographic activity, and respiratory patterns were measured at baseline and at 8-weeks’ post-treatment. Results: There were significant improvements in the combined group compared with the therapeutic routine group (p=0.03) for diaphragm muscle activation, (p=0.03), neck erector spinae activity (p=0.04), respiratory balance (p=0.04), and number of breaths (p=0.02). There were significant within-group changes from baseline to post-treatment in the combined group for all outcomes above, but no changes in the therapeutic exercise routine group. Outcomes for the combined group were superior to the control group in every variable. Conclusion: Combination treatment is more effective than the standard therapeutic routine. These results could be strengthened by more studies with longer follow-up assessments.Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials using the IRCT website with ID number of, IRCT20200212046469N1 “Prospectively registered” at 2020/03/04.
Spatial-temporal patterns of malaria incidence in Uganda using HMIS data from 2015 to 2019
Authors: Kigozi Simon , Kigozi Ruth N , Sebuguzi Catherine M , Cano Jorge , Rutazaana Damian , Opigo Jimmy , Bousema Teun , Yeka Adoke , Gasasira Anne , Sartorius Benn , Pullan Rachel L 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: As global progress to reduce malaria transmission continues, it is increasingly important to track changes in malaria incidence rather than prevalence. Risk estimates for Africa have largely underutilized available health management information systems (HMIS) data to monitor trends. This study uses national HMIS data together with environmental and geographical data, to assess spatial-temporal patterns of malaria incidence at facility catchment level in Uganda over a recent 5-year period.Methods: Data reported by 3446 health facilities in Uganda, between July 2015 and September 2019 was analysed. To assess the geographic accessibility of the health facilities network, AccessMod was employed to determine a three-hour cost-distance catchment around each facility. Using confirmed malaria cases and total catchment population by facility, an ecological Bayesian conditional autoregressive spatial-temporal Poisson model was fitted to generate monthly posterior incidence rate estimates, adjusted for caregiver education, rainfall, land surface temperature, night-time light (an indicator of urbanicity), and vegetation index.Results: An estimated 38.8 million (95% Credible Interval [CI]: 37.9–40.9) confirmed cases of malaria occurred over the period, with a national mean monthly incidence rate of 20.4 (95% CI: 19.9–21.5) cases per 1000, ranging from 8.9 (95% CI: 8.7–9.4) to 36.6 (95% CI: 35.7–38.5) across the study period. Strong seasonality was observed, with June-July experiencing highest peaks and February-March the lowest peaks. There was also considerable geographic heterogeneity in incidence, with health facility catchment relative risk during peak transmission months ranging from 0 to 50.5 (95% CI: 49.0–50.8) times higher than national average. Both districts and health facility catchments showed significant positive spatial autocorrelation; health facility catchments had global Moran’s I = 0.3 (p < 0.001) and districts Moran’s I = 0.4 (p < 0.001). Notably, significant clusters of high-risk health facility catchments were concentrated in Acholi, West Nile, Karamoja, and East Central – Busoga regions.Conclusion: Findings showed clear countrywide spatial-temporal patterns with clustering of malaria risk across districts and health facility catchments within high risk regions, which can facilitate targeting of interventions to those areas at highest risk. Moreover, despite high and perennial transmission, seasonality for malaria incidence highlights the potential for optimal and timely implementation of targeted interventions.
Pre- and Post-operative Pain Catastrophizing and Resilience of Patients With Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Cohort Study
Authors: Nwankwo Vesta , Jiranek William A. , Green Cynthia L. , Allen Kelli D. , George Steven Z. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPatients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have psychological comorbidities that influence recovery and functional outcomes. Resilience is a psychological construct defined as an individual's ability to adapt to adversity. Pain catastrophizing encompasses rumination, magnification, and helplessness that patients feel toward their pain. Pain catastrophizing is associated with poor function following surgery. Studies assessing the influence of resilience on postoperative outcomes have shown inconsistent findings and have not accounted for the influence of pain catastrophizing. We sought to identify (1) whether baseline pain catastrophizing and resilience are predictive of postoperative knee function, general physical health, and general mental health three months after TKA and (2) whether baseline pain catastrophizing and resilience are associated with preoperative knee function, general physical health, and general mental health.MethodsPatients undergoing TKA between January 2019 and November 2019 were included in this longitudinal cohort study. Demographics and questionnaires [Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Junior (KOOS, JR.) and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical and Mental Health (PROMIS PH and MH, respectively)] were collected preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Multivariable regression was used to test associations of preoperative BRS and PCS with postoperative outcomes.ResultsThe study cohort included 117 patients with a median age of 67.0 years (Q1-Q3: 59.0-72.0). Fifty-three percent of patients were women and 70.1% were white. In multivariable linear regression analyses, baseline pain catastrophizing did not demonstrate a significant association with postoperative 3-month knee function, (β = -0.08, p = 0.543), general physical health (β = -0.11, p = 0.313), or general mental health (β = 0.01, p = 0.919). Baseline resilience positively associated with postoperative knee function (β = 0.24, p = 0.019) and general physical health (β = 0.24, p = 0.013).ConclusionsOur prospective analysis suggests that resilience predicts postoperative knee function and general physical health in patients undergoing TKA. Given the inconsistent findings in this area of research, future studies should continue to delineate preoperative constructs that impact patients following surgery. Exploring interventions targeting the preoperative mental health of patients undergoing TKA may improve outcomes in this cohort.