bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cord Blood Low-Density Granulocytes Correspond to an Immature Granulocytic Subset with Low Expression of S100A12
Authors: Weinhage Toni , Kölsche Tristan , Rieger-Fackeldey Esther , Schmitz Ralf , Antoni Anne-Charlotte , Ahlmann Martina , Foell Dirk , Wittkowski Helmut 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Although substantial progress has been achieved concerning neonatal sepsis, its lethality remains considerably high, and further insights into peculiarities and malfunctions of neonatal immunity are needed. This study aims to contribute to a better understanding of the role of human neonatal granulocyte subpopulations and calgranulin C (S100A12). For this purpose, we gathered 136 human cord blood (CB) samples. CD66b+ CB low-density granulocytes (LDG) and CB normal-density granulocytes were isolated and functionally and phenotypically compared with healthy adult control granulocytes. We could identify CB-LDG as CD66bbright CD64high CD16low CD35low CD10low S100A12med-low and, based on these markers, recovered in whole CB stainings. Consistent with flow cytometric findings, microscopic imaging supported an immature phenotype of CB-LDG with decreased S100A12 expression. In CB serum of healthy neonates, S100A12 was found to be higher in female newborns when compared with males. Additionally, S100A12 levels correlated positively with gestational age independently from sex. We could solidify functional deficits of CB-LDG concerning phagocytosis and generation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Our study reveals that previously described suppressive effects of CB-LDG on CD4+ T cell proliferation are exclusively due to phagocytosis of stimulation beads used in cocultures and absent when using soluble or coated Abs. In conclusion, we characterize CB-LDG as immature neutrophils with functional deficits and decreased expression and storage of S100A12. Concerning their cross-talk with the adaptive immunity, we found no direct inhibitory effect of LDG. Neonatal LDG may thus represent a distinct population that differs from LDG populations found in adults.
Early T Cell Activation Metrics Predict Graft-versus-Host Disease in a Humanized Mouse Model of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Hess Nicholas J. , Hudson Amy W. , Hematti Peiman , Gumperz Jenny E. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a frequent complication of hematopoietic transplantation, yet patient risk stratification remains difficult, and prognostic biomarkers to guide early clinical interventions are lacking. We developed an approach to evaluate the potential of human T cells from hematopoietic grafts to produce GVHD. Nonconditioned NBSGW mice transplanted with titrated doses of human bone marrow developed GVHD that was characterized by widespread lymphocyte infiltration and organ pathology. Interestingly, GVHD was not an inevitable outcome in our system and was influenced by transplant dose, inflammatory status of the host, and type of graft. Mice that went on to develop GVHD showed signs of rapid proliferation in the human T cell population during the first 1–3 wk posttransplant and had elevated human IFN-γ in plasma that correlated negatively with the expansion of the human hematopoietic compartment. Furthermore, these early T cell activation metrics were predictive of GVHD onset 3–6 wk before phenotypic pathology. These results reveal an early window of susceptibility for pathological T cell activation following hematopoietic transplantation that is not simply determined by transient inflammation resulting from conditioning-associated damage and show that T cell parameters during this window can serve as prognostic biomarkers for risk of later GVHD development.
UNIVERSAL HUMAN RIGHTS DECLARATION: RIGHT TO RETURN OF PALESTINIAN REFUGEES
Authors: Sultana Summer , Ijaz Sabir , Jafri Mubasshar Hassan 
Published: May 2020

For over last 70 years, the concept of "return" attained primary focus for the national narrative of Palestinian struggle against devastating conditions, categorized as (i) eviction from ancestral homeland, (ii) diffusion in all aspects and (iii) reconstitution of national unity. However, the very idea create fears among Israelis regarding their authority of whole Zionist enterprise, as well as demographic stability of Arab-Jewish ventures, with regards to the return of large number of Palestinians to their own places or any other part in Palestine. Discrimination in opposition to Palestinians is no longer perpetrated fully by Israeli state, but common to its society, as well. Our article is an answer to the complicated question: Can refugees along with other displaced victims ever claim their right in entering Israel and Palestine, since this State includes Gaza and West Bank territories? Various articles have made an attempt to clarify the matter through some internal laws and have also interpreted the rights mentioned in ‘International Covenants on Civil and Political Rights’, particularly while clarifying the idea evolved from the typical term: 'his own country’. The article focuses on the viable first point, specifically on the claim as a right of the Diasporas return to the formerly called ‘Palestine’. Various resources are utilised for the purpose of the research. This includes books, scholarly researched articles and newspapers etc. The study is analytical in nature and based on qualitative research method. Most of the literature used for the article is Secondary. The conclusion drawn in precise manner is that the intentions are blended in repeated violations of human rights, along with ethnic and religious refining and various innumerable deficiencies, and try to become regularly involved in sensitive issues. This turned out to be disheartening for the people living there as no efforts are made for a truthful resolution.
A comparative study of the efficacy of radial and focused shock wave therapy for tennis elbow depending on symptom duration
Authors: Stania Magdalena , Król Barbara , Franek Andrzej , Błaszczak Edward , Dolibog Paweł , Polak Anna , Dolibog Patrycja , Durmała Jacek , Król Piotr 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionIn physical therapy, the duration and severity of pain complaints determine the choice of an appropriate physical agent and parameters needed. The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of focused and radial shock waves for tennis elbow with respect to the dysfunction period.Material and methodsThe patients with acute (n = 27) and chronic (n = 31) tennis elbow were randomly assigned to a treatment arm: focused shock wave therapy (3 sessions, 2000 shocks, 4 Hz, 0.2 mJ/mm²) or radial shock wave therapy (3 sessions, 2000 shocks, 8 Hz, 2.5 bar). In order to objectivize therapy effects, the severity of pain complaints (Visual Analog Scale), strength of wrist flexors and extensors and grip strength were assessed. We performed pre-intervention measurements and short-term follow-up at 1, 6 and 12 weeks of therapy completion.ResultsAt 6 and 12 weeks of therapy completion, all groups exhibited significantly reduced pain complaints (p < 0.05). The most noticeable changes in grip strength, wrist extensors and flexors strength were observed in the affected extremities of all experimental groups while changes within the unaffected extremities were slight. Grip strength as well as the strength of flexor and extensor muscles of the affected limb were significantly greater at 12 weeks of therapy completion compared to pre-intervention values (p < 0.05). At the same time point, percent changes of all study parameters were comparable for all groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionsFocused and radial shock wave therapy tend to show a significant and comparable short-term therapeutic effect for acute and chronic tennis elbow.
The association between serum uric acid and features of metabolic disturbances in young adults
Authors: Płaczkowska Sylwia , Pawlik-Sobecka Lilla , Kokot Izabela , Piwowar Agnieszka 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionThe increase in the number of people affected by different metabolic disturbances, especially among young people, is alarming. It seems worthwhile to reappraise the usefulness of commonly used laboratory parameters potentially associated with metabolic and metabolically obese normal weight syndrome. Serum uric acid may be considered as an indicator and/or a predictor of metabolic disorders. We evaluated serum uric acid concentration in relation to metabolic syndrome, as well as metabolically obese normal weight features, and examined its usefulness in improving metabolic and metabolically obese normal weight syndrome diagnosis in young people.Material and methodsIn 349 apparently healthy people, aged 18-31, features of metabolic and metabolically obese normal weight syndrome and serum uric acid concentration were examined under fasting conditions.ResultsPrevalence of metabolic syndrome increased in uric acid quartiles, while the percentage of metabolically obese normal weight syndrome was at a similar level in all uric acid quartiles. A relationship between uric acid concentration and features of metabolic disorders in quartile and correlation analysis was revealed. Data mining techniques did not indicate the usefulness of uric acid for distinguishing people with metabolic syndrome from those with metabolically obese normal weight syndrome.ConclusionsWe confirmed that in young people an increase in uric acid levels is more closely related to metabolic syndrome features than insulin resistance. Serum uric acid concentration could not be recommended as an independent, strong marker of metabolic or metabolically obese normal weight syndrome occurrence in young people, but finding its elevated concentration should be an indicator for screening for other disturbances associated with metabolic syndrome.
Effects of free and nanoparticulate curcumin on chemically induced liver carcinoma in an animal model
Authors: Mohammed Eman , El-Beih Nadia , El-Hussieny Enas , El-Ahwany Eman , Hassan Marwa , Zoheiry Mona 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionCurcumin therapeutic applications are constrained by its prominent metabolic instability as well as inadequate absorption and bioavailability. The current study was designed to enhance the curcumin bioavailability by exploiting nanoparticles.Material and methodsEleven groups of mice were divided into: normal and nanoparticle control groups, a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) group induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN), 2 groups treated with DEN plus a high dose/low dose of free curcumin, 2 groups treated with a high dose/low dose of free curcumin, 2 groups treated with DEN plus a high dose/low dose of nanoparticulate curcumin, and 2 groups treated with a high dose/low dose of nanoparticulate curcumin.ResultsDEN administration significantly increased liver enzymes, vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-α, α-fetoprotein, malondialdehyde, and nucelar factor-κB. Also, it decreased serum albumin and tissue antioxidant activities and caused severe histological changes in hepatic tissue. Oral treatment of DEN-injected mice with either a high dose of free curcumin or the tested doses of nanoparticulate curcumin resulted in a significant improvement of all the tested parameters.ConclusionsAlthough the two tested doses of nanoparticulate curcumin were much lower than free curcumin, both doses were effective in preventing HCC development while the low dose of free curcumin was hardly effective. Hence, we conclude that nanoparticles enhance the bioavailability of curcumin.
The prevalence of depression in children and adolescents under 18 years of age treated for mental disorders in Poland between 2005 and 2016
Authors: Lisiecka-Biełanowicz Mira , Biechowska Daria , Orłowska Edyta , Molenda Bartłomiej 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionThe prevalence of depression in Polish children and adolescents under 18 years of age treated for mental disorders has increased in the last few years in Poland. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of major depression in a population of Polish children and adolescents under 18 years of age treated for mental disorders, stratified by sex and place of residence, in the years 2005, 2009, 2014, and 2016.Material and methodsWe analysed the psychiatric treatment data of children and adolescents under the age of 18 years in Poland compiled by the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw for these years.ResultsMajor depression was moderately prevalent among children and adolescents treated in all evaluated types of mental health facilities, with a prevalence in this population ranging from 0.8% in 2005 to 4.3% in 2016. The rates of young patients with mood disorders increased from 3.1% in 2005 to 7.0% in 2016. Risk factors for developing major depression in our research group were: being female and living in an urban area.ConclusionsOur findings suggest the need to increase the service capacity for children and adolescents as well as to intensify preventive measures to improve the mental health status of this age group.
Allicin suppressed bladder cancer cell biological activities via regulation of the miR-26b-5p/PTEN axis in an in vitro study
Authors: Su Hongwei , Qiao Xinjun , Li Ting , Li Chen , Liu Xin , Ling Haibin , Li Xiangdong 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate the anti-tumour effects of allicin in bladder cancer and to elucidate the related mechanisms by performing an in vitro study.Material and methodsUsing the 5637 and T24 cell lines as model systems, the cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell invasion number and wound-healing rate were measured by MTT, flow cytometry, and Transwell and wound-healing assays. The expression of miR-26b-5p mRNA was evaluated by qRT-PCR assay, and relative protein expression (PTEN, PI3K and AKT) was evaluated by western blot assay. The correlation between miR-26b-5p and PTEN in 5637 and T24 cells was examined by the Dual Luciferase assay.ResultsCompared with the normal control (NC) group, cell proliferation was significantly depressed as apoptosis increased (p < 0.05), the invasion cell number and wound-healing rate were significantly suppressed with allicin treatment, and miR-26b-5p was significantly down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05); PTEN was significantly up-regulated, and PI3K and AKT proteins were significantly down-regulated (p < 0.05) in the allicin-treated groups. With miR-26b-5p transfection, the cell biological activities of 5367 and T24 were significantly restored compared with the allicin-treated group (p < 0.05), with PTEN significantly depressed and PI3K and AKT significantly increasing in 5637 and T24 cells (p < 0.05).ConclusionsAllicin has anti-tumour effects on bladder cancer cell biological activities, and the mechanism may involve regulation of the miR-26b-5p/PTEN axis in bladder cancer cells.
The association of diabetes with all-cause mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease compared to the general population in Poland – a comparative analysis
Authors: Wierzba Waldemar , Śliwczyński Andrzej , Karnafel Waldemar , Gujski Mariusz , Słodki Maciej , Lusawa Aleksandra , Pinkas Jarosław 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionEnd-stage renal disease (ESRD) is an important complication of diabetes, which is the leading cause of ESRD worldwide The aim of the study was a comparative analysis of all-cause mortality in patients with ESRD with diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) and no diagnosed DM.Material and methodsData for the analysis were obtained from the resources of the Polish National Health Fund, and they concerned patients with end-stage renal disease from the entire population of Polish patients in the period from 01.01.2011 to 31.12.2013. In addition, the period from 01.01.2012 to 31.12.2012 was analysed for two subpopulations: diabetic and non-diabetic patients.ResultsThe all-cause mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease in Poland per 100,000 representatives of the general population was 17.7, 15.9, and 12.50 persons in 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively. The all-cause mortality rates for patients with ESRD and diabetes in Poland in 2012 were more than 15 times higher, for both men and women, than the all-cause mortality rates for non-diabetic patients with ESRD. Mortality in the study group of diabetic men with ESRD amounted to 147.59 ±29.07/100,000 men, whereas in the study group of diabetic women with ESRD it was 105.13 ±26.77/100,000 women. Regarding non-diabetic men with ESRD and non-diabetic women with ESRD, mortality amounted to 9.58 ±6.29/100,000 and 6.87 ±2.27/100,000 men and women, respectively.ConclusionsThe occurrence of diabetes in patients with ESRD significantly increases the risk of death compared to patients with ESRD without diabetes.
Effect of Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency on clinical severity and expression of Th1/Th2/Th17-associated cytokines in a murine model of experimental autoimmune neuritis
Authors: Wang Li-Juan , Zhu Jie , Wu Xiu-Juan , Li Ting , Yang Chun-Jiao , Kang Xi-Xiong , Zhang Hong-Liang , Zhang Guo-Jun 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionThe aim was to observe the effect of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) deficiency on clinical severity and expression of Th1/Th2/Th17-associated cytokines in experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN).Material and methodsWe selected C57BL/10 wild type (WT) mice and TLR4 knockout (KO) mice with the C57BL/10 background for induction of the EAN model by immunizing mice twice (days 0 and 8) via subcutaneous injection of 180 µg P0 peptide 180–199 emulsion in 25 µl of PBS and 0.5 mg Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Difco, USA) in 25 µl of Freund’s incomplete adjuvant into the back of mice. The concentrations of serum cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IFN-γ and TNF) were determined using the Ms Th1/Th2/Th17 CBA kit.ResultsWe found that TLR4 deficiency could attenuate the clinical severity and delay the onset of EAN. Moreover, our data showed that the sera levels of IFN-γ, TNF, IL-6 and IL-17A were elevated in the WT mice with EAN when compared with the naive WT mice, but only the production of IL-17A was significantly lower in the TLR4 KO mice with EAN than in their WT counterparts.ConclusionsBased on these findings, TLR4 may contribute to the pathogenesis of EAN by regulating Th17 cells and the production of Th17-associated factors. However, the exact mechanism remains unclear and more evidence is needed to elucidate its role in EAN.
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours in magnetic resonance imaging: primary and recurrent tumour appearance, post-treatment changes, and metastases
Authors: Sedaghat Sam , Schmitz Frederick , Grözinger Martin , Sedaghat Maya 
Published: May 2020

PurposeTo analyse the appearance of primary and recurrent malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a focus on configuration, and to assess the occurrence of loco-regional post-treatment changes and metastases during post-treatment follow-up.Material and methodsTwenty patients with histologically proven MPNST underwent post-treatment 1.5 T MRI. Primary and recurrent MPNSTs were examined for configuration, contrast enhancement, extent, and signal intensity in MRI. Loco-regional post-treatment changes and information on metastases were extracted from the follow-up.ResultsMPNSTs occurred most often in the extremities (p = 0.006). Twenty per cent (n = 4) of the patients developed recurrences, with a total of 24 lesions. Recurrent MPNSTs were significantly smaller than primary MPNSTs (p = 0.003). Primary MPNSTs mostly occurred unifocally as multilobulated or ovoid and heterogeneous lesions with mostly well-defined borders. Recurrent MPNSTs purely occurred multifocally as mostly nodular (p < 0.001), multilobulated, or ovoid lesions. 80%, 65% and 30% of the patients showed post-treatment subcutaneous oedema (p = 0.002 to 0.03), muscle oedema (p = 0.02), and seroma, respectively. Twenty-five per cent (n = 5) of patients presented metastases during follow-up. The relative risk in patients with recurrences to develop lung or lymph node metastases is eightfold (p = 0.056).ConclusionsWhile primary MPNSTs mostly appear unifocally as multilobulated or ovoid lesions, recurrent MPNSTs purely occur multifocally as mostly nodular lesions. Subcutaneous and muscle oedema are very common locoregional post-treatment changes. Patients with recurrences have a higher risk for lung and lymph node metastases.
Low-intensity inspiratory loaded exercises improve physical health perception in women with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ahmad Ahmad Mahdi , Ali Heba Mohammed 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionPhysical exercises improve quality of life in type 2 diabetes. Inspiratory muscle exercises may be an alternative option for diabetic patients with physical disabilities unable to engage in physical exercises. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of inspiratory muscle exercises on physical and mental health dimensions of the 12-Item Short Form (SF-12) Health Survey in women with type 2 diabetes.MethodsOverall, 26 women with type 2 diabetes were allocated to the control (<i>n</i> = 14) or study group (<i>n</i> = 12). They were obese, aged 30–55 years, receiving oral hypoglycaemic medications. The inspiratory loaded exercise target intensity was 30% of maximal inspiratory pressure; sessions lasting 15–25 min were held on 5 days per week for 8 weeks. Quality of life was assessed as a primary outcome with the SF-12 questionnaire. Fasting and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels were measured as secondary outcomes.ResultsCompared with the control group, significant improvements were observed in the study group after the intervention in all SF-12 physical health domains and in SF-12 role emotional and social functioning mental health domains. In addition, fasting blood glucose was reduced from 134 ± 40 to 126.8 ± 51 mg/dl, which was a non-statistically but clinically significant change.ConclusionsLow-intensity inspiratory loaded exercises could be viewed as a successful alternative to physical exercises in improving physical quality of life in type 2 diabetic women. Health professionals interested in exercise therapy for type 2 diabetes may consider our findings.
Efficacy of shockwave-enhanced Aloe vera gel on full-thickness wound healing: experimental study
Authors: Mahran Hesham Galal 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionTo investigate the efficacy of shockwave-enhanced Aloe vera gel on full-thickness wounds in rats.MethodsOverall, 45 adult male rats were selected. Under anaesthesia, a skin area of 6 cm2 on the upper back of each animal was surgically excised. Then, the rats were divided by a randomization process into 3 groups. In group A, 15 rats received combined administration of topical Aloe vera gel with shockwave therapy (600 shock pulses/session, 4 pulses/second, at 0.1 mJ/mm2 shock intensity). In group B, 15 rats received shockwave therapy with the same parameters as in group A, followed by topical application of Aloe vera gel for 150 seconds. In group C (control group), 15 rats received combined administration of topical Aloe vera gel with shockwave therapy while the device was switched off for 150 seconds. All groups received a total of 6 sessions: 2 sessions per week for 3 weeks. As outcome measures, wounded areas and shrinking rates were assessed at the third and sixth sessions in all groups.ResultsIn the last session, there were significant wound contraction and shrinking rate measures in group A when compared with those in the other experimental group and in the control group.ConclusionsExtracorporeal shockwave therapy may act as an efficient transdermal drug mediator as it maximized the healing effect of shockwave-combined Aloe vera gel on full-thickness wound healing.