bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sialic Acid-Engineered IL4–10 Fusion Protein is Bioactive and Rapidly Cleared from the Circulation
Authors: Steen-Louws Cristine , Boross Peter , Prado Judith , Meeldijk Jan , Langenhorst Jurgen B. , Huitema Alwin D. R. , den Hartog Marcel T. , Boon Louis , Lafeber Floris P. J. G. , Hack C. Erik , Eijkelkamp Niels , Popov-Celeketic Jelena 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeModulating sialylation of therapeutic glycoproteins may be used to influence their clearance and systemic exposure. We studied the effect of low and high sialylated IL4–10 fusion protein (IL4–10 FP) onin vitroandin vivobioactivity and evaluated the effect of differential sialylation on pharmacokinetic parameters.MethodsCHO cell lines producing low (IL4–10 FP lowSA) and high sialylated (IL4–10 FP highSA) fusion protein were generated. Bioactivity of the proteins was evaluated in an LPS-stimulated whole blood assay. Pharmacokinetics were studied in rats, analyzing plasma levels of IL4–10 FP upon intravenous injection.In vivoactivity was assessed in an inflammatory pain mice model upon intrathecal injection.ResultsIL4–10 FP lowSA and IL4–10 FP highSA had similar potencyin vitro. The pharmacokinetics study showed a 4-fold higher initial systemic clearance of IL4–10 FP lowSA, whereas the calculated half-life of both IL4–10 FP lowSA and IL4–10 FP highSA was 20.7 min. Finally, both IL4–10 FP glycoforms inhibited persistent inflammatory pain in mice to the same extent.ConclusionsDifferential sialylation of IL4–10 fusion protein does not affect thein vitroandin vivoactivity, but clearly results in a difference in systemic exposure. The rapid systemic clearance of low sialylated IL4–10 FP could be a favorable characteristic to minimize systemic exposure after administration in a local compartment.
Predictive factors for responses to primary medical treatment with lanreotide autogel 120 mg in acromegaly: post hoc analyses from the PRIMARYS study
Authors:   the PRIMARYS Study Group, Petersenn Stephan , Houchard Aude , Sert Caroline , Caron Philippe J. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose
PRIMARYS (NCT00690898) was a 48-week, open-label, phase 3b study, evaluating treatment with the somatostatin receptor ligand lanreotide autogel (stable dose: 120 mg/28 days) in treatment-naïve patients with growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary macroadenoma. This post hoc analysis aimed to evaluate factors predictive of long-term responses.

Methods
Potential predictive factors evaluated were: sex, age, and body mass index at baseline; and GH, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and tumor volume (TV) at baseline and week 12, using univariate regression analyses. Treatment responses were defined as hormonal control (GH ≤ 2.5 µg/L and age- and sex-normalized IGF-1), tight hormonal control (GH < 1.0 µg/L and normalized IGF-1), or ≥ 20% TV reduction (TVR). Receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed using predictive factors significant in univariate analyses. Cut-off values for predicting treatment responses at 12 months were derived by maximizing the Youden index (J).

Results
At baseline, older age, female sex, and lower IGF-1 levels were associated with an increased probability of achieving long-term hormonal control. ROC area-under-the curve (AUC) values for hormonal control were high for week-12 GH and IGF-1 levels (0.87 and 0.93, respectively); associated cut-off values were 1.19 μg/L and 110% of the upper limit of normal (ULN), respectively. Results were similar for tight hormonal control (AUC values: 0.92 [GH] and 0.87 [IGF-1]; cut-off values: 1.11 μg/L and 125% ULN, respectively). AUC and J values associated with TVR were low.

Conclusions
The use of predictive factors at baseline and week 12 of treatment could inform clinical expectations of the long-term efficacy of lanreotide autogel.
The trick does not work if you have already seen the gorilla: how anticipatory effects contaminate pre-treatment measures in field experiments
Authors: Ariel Barak , Sutherland Alex , Bland Matthew 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objectives
If participants can anticipate the intervention, they may alter their responses prior to exposure to treatment. One often-ignored consequence of these “anticipatory effects” (AE) is an impact on the pre-treatment measurement. We explore this potential contamination and present practical options for mitigating AE.

Methods
A multidisciplinary review of AE.

Results
Pre-treatment measures, especially pre-treatment dependent variables, can be contaminated by AE. Experimenters need to understand the following: (1) When did the treatment ‘commence’? (2) How is the pretest measured? (3) Are AE specific or global? (4) What conclusions can we draw where pretest measures are contaminated by AE?

Conclusions
AE are often ignored for both research and policy, which may lead to erroneous conclusions regarding effectiveness, benefits being underestimated, or both. AE can be resolved by collecting ‘clean’ baseline measures prior to the commencement of the AE, but the first step is to be aware of the potential bias due to this treatment × pre-measurement interaction.
Process simulation and gate-to-gate life cycle assessment of hydrometallurgical refractory gold concentrate processing
Authors: Elomaa Heini , Sinisalo Pia , Rintala Lotta , Aromaa Jari , Lundström Mari 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose
Currently, almost all cyanide-free gold leaching processes are still in the development stage. Proactively investigating their environmental impacts prior to commercialization is of utmost importance. In this study, a detailed refractory gold concentrate process simulation with mass and energy balance was built for state-of-the-art technology with (i) pressure oxidation followed by cyanidation and, compared to alternative cyanide-free technology, with (ii) pressure oxidation followed by halogen leaching. Subsequently, the simulated mass balance was used as life cycle inventory data in order to evaluate the environmental impacts of the predominant cyanidation process and a cyanide-free alternative.

Methods
The environmental indicators for each scenario are based on the mass balance produced with HSC Sim steady-state simulation. The simulated mass balances were evaluated to identify the challenges in used technologies. The HSC Sim software is compatible with the GaBi LCA software, where LCI data from HSC-Sim is directly exported to. The simulation produces a consistent life cycle inventory (LCI). In GaBi LCA software, the environmental indicators of global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AP), terrestrial eutrophication potential (EP), and water depletion (Water) are estimated.

Results and discussion
The life cycle assessment revealed that the GWP for cyanidation was 10.1 t CO2-e/kg Au, whereas the halogen process indicated a slightly higher GWP of 12.6 t CO2-e/kg Au. The difference is partially explained by the fact that the footprint is calculated against produced units of Au; total recovery by the halogen leaching route for gold was only 87.3%, whereas the cyanidation route could extract as much as 98.5% of gold. The addition of a second gold recovery unit to extract gold also from the washing water in the halogen process increased gold recovery up to 98.5%, decreasing the GWP of the halogen process to 11.5 t CO2-e/kg Au. However, both evaluated halogen processing scenarios indicated a slightly higher global warming potential when compared to the dominating cyanidation technology.

Conclusions
The estimated environmental impacts predict that the development-stage cyanide-free process still has some challenges compared to cyanidation; as in the investigated scenarios, the environmental impacts were generally higher for halogen leaching. Further process improvements, for example in the form of decreased moisture in the feed for halide leaching, and the adaptation of in situ gold recovery practices in chloride leaching may give the cyanide-free processing options a competitive edge.
Performance Improvement Technology for Building a Sustainable OER Initiative in an Academic Library
Authors: Essmiller Kathy , Thompson Penny , Alvarado-Albertorio Frances 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn keeping with its land grant mission, a university campus library partnered with several OER advocacy efforts on both national and state levels to promote the creation and use of OER at the university. While the program had some initial success in inspiring faculty to create and use OER in their courses, the effort proved difficult to sustain. This paper presents the application of the Performance Improvement/HPT model to an Open Educational Resources (OER) initiative in a university library. This paper focuses specifically on three phases of the process: organizational analysis, environmental analysis, and gap analysis We share results of that application and discuss how the HPT model might effectively be applied to other similar programs.
Effects of Wetland Presence and Upland Land Use on Wild Hymenopteran and Dipteran Pollinators in the Rainwater Basin of Nebraska, USA
Authors: Begosh Angela , Smith Loren M. , Park Cynthia N. , Mcmurry Scott T. , Lagrange Ted G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPollination is an ecosystem service that is in jeopardy globally. Decreasing trends in wild pollinator populations are primarily attributed to habitat loss and degradation. These concerns are especially apparent in the Rainwater Basin of Nebraska, USA where more than 90% of the land has been cultivated and 90% of the wetlands have been lost. We compared hymenopteran and dipteran pollinator abundance, richness, and diversity in 28 wetlands and their adjacent uplands within 3 dominant land-condition types: cropped, restored, and reference state. We used vane traps to capture local pollinator insects and sweep nets to collect insect pollinators on flowers. Vane-trap captures revealed a greater abundance, richness, and diversity of hymenopteran pollinators in uplands as compared to wetlands over the entire growing season in all land-condition types. However, net collections showed that hymenopterans foraged more in wetlands than in uplands, especially in restored wetlands. The exception was September when hymenopterans were captured in uplands more than wetlands while feeding on late season forbs. Dipteran vane-trap and sweep-net captures primarily consisted of hoverflies (Syrphidae). Hoverflies were more abundant in wetlands than uplands. All pollinators used both wetlands and uplands for resources. Thus, insect-pollinator conservation can be enhanced by promoting native forb communities and pollinator habitat through wetland restoration and the planting of buffer strips.
Development of novel supported iridium nanocatalysts for special catalytic beds
Authors: Amirsardari Zahra , Dourani Akram , Amirifar Mohamad Ali , Ghadiri Massoom Nooredin , Ehsani Rahim 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the present paper, an experimental study of the catalytic decomposition of hydrous hydrazine was investigated on the different structural forms of the catalyst. The synthesized iridium catalysts have been usually used directly and have not been evaluated in the laboratory reactor. This study includes the preparation of iridium-based catalysts supported on spherical (alumina), honeycomb monoliths (cordierite) and foams (alumina) for the evaluation of catalytic activity in the laboratory reactor. The characterizations of these catalysts were evaluated by the TGA, FESEM and BET analysis. The result of the catalytic characterization of monolithic support was shown a homogeneous distribution of active metal without any problem of sintering (average size 25 nm) on the support surface. While the surface of the spherical and foam supports were shown non-uniform distribution of nanoparticles on the support skeleton (average size 55 nm). The monolithic catalyst exhibits higher decomposition rate and H2 selectivity than other supports due to uniform in shape and particle size distribution.

Graphic abstract
Computation of the unipotent Albanese map on elliptic and hyperelliptic curves
Authors: Beacom Jamie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe study the unipotent Albanese map appearing in the non-abelian Chabauty method of Minhyong Kim. In particular we explore the explicit computation of thep-adic de Rham period map$$j^{dr}_n$$jndron elliptic and hyperelliptic curves over number fields via their universal unipotent connections$${\mathscr {U}}$$U. Several algorithms forming part of the computation of finite level versions$$j^{dr}_n$$jndrof the unipotent Albanese maps are presented. The computation of the logarithmic extension of$${\mathscr {U}}$$Uin general requires a description in terms of an open covering, and can be regarded as a simple example of computational descent theory. We also demonstrate a constructive version of a lemma of Hadian used in the computation of the Hodge filtration on$${\mathscr {U}}$$Uover affine elliptic and odd hyperelliptic curves. We use these algorithms to present some new examples describing the co-ordinates of some of these period maps. This description will be given in terms iteratedp-adic Coleman integrals. We also consider the computation of the co-ordinates if we replace the rational basepoint with a tangential basepoint, and present some new examples here as well.
Food Vendor Beware! On Ordinary Morality and Unhealthy Marketing
Authors: Tempels Tjidde , Blok Vincent , Verweij Marcel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFood and beverage firms are frequently criticised for their impact on the spread of non-communicable diseases like obesity and diabetes type 2. In this article we explore under what conditions the sales and marketing of unhealthy food and beverage products is irresponsible. Starting from the notion of ordinary morality we argue that firms have a duty to respect people’s autonomy and adhere to the principle of non-maleficence in both market and non-market environments. We show how these considerations are relevant when thinking about immoral behaviour in the food and beverage industry, and identify under what conditions sales and marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to adults and children is wrong. Based on this analysis we argue that firms should take into account: whether consumers are able to identify manipulative marketing, the degree of manipulation, as well as the negative impact a product has on health. We hold that for the food industry to act responsible it should re-evaluate the marketing of unhealthy products to adults and refrain from marketing to children. We conclude this study by making several recommendations on how the food industry should interact with consumers and highlight what changes need to be made in corporate practice.
Dynamics of crime activities in the network of city community areas
Authors: Niu Xiang , Elsisy Amr , Derzsy Noemi , Szymanski Boleslaw K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUnderstanding criminal activities, their structure and dynamics are fundamental for designing tools for crime prediction that can also guide crime prevention. Here, we study crimes committed in city community areas based on police crime reports and demographic data for the City of Chicago collected over 16 consecutive years. Our goal is to understand how the network of city community areas shapes dynamics of criminal offenses and demographic characteristics of their inhabitants. Our results reveal the presence of criminal hot-spots and expose the dynamic nature of criminal activities. We identify the most influential features for forecasting the per capita crime rate in each community. Our results indicate that city community crime is driven by spatio-temporal dynamics since the number of crimes committed in the past among the spatial neighbors of each community area and in the community itself are the most important features in our predictive models. Moreover, certain urban characteristics appear to act as triggers for the spatial spreading of criminal activities. Using the k-Means clustering algorithm, we obtained three clearly separated clusters of community areas, each with different levels of crimes and unique demographic characteristics of the district’s inhabitants. Further, we demonstrate that crime predictive models incorporating both demographic characteristics of a community and its crime rate perform better than models relying only on one type of features. We develop predictive algorithms to forecast the number of future crimes in city community areas over the periods of one-month and one-year using varying sets of features. For one-month predictions using just the number of prior incidents as a feature, the critical length of historical data, τc, of 12 months arises. Using more than τc months ensures high accuracy of prediction, while using fewer months negatively impacts prediction quality. Using features based on demographic characteristics of the district’s inhabitants weakens this impact somewhat. We also forecast the number of crimes in each community area in the given year. Then, we study in which community area and over what period an increase in crime reduction funding in this area will yield the largest reduction of the crime in the entire city. Finally, we study and compare the performance of various supervised machine learning algorithms classifying reported crime incidents into the correct crime category. Using the temporal patterns of various crime categories improves the classification accuracy. The methodologies introduced here are general and can be applied to other cities for which data about criminal activities and demographics are available.
Where did all the men go? The changing sex composition of the Russian North in the post-Soviet period, 1989–2010
Authors: Heleniak Timothy 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Like the northern periphery regions of other Arctic countries, the Russian North had a higher male–female sex ratio than the rest of the country. During the two decades following the breakup of the Soviet Union, the male sex ratio in the Russian North declined considerably, from 101 males per 100 females in 1989 to 92 in 2010. The regions and population of the Russian North were greatly impacted by the shift in northern development approaches from the centrally planned system of the Soviet Union to the market-oriented system of Russia. This paper examines the decline in the male population in the Russian North based on data from the 1989, 2002 and 2010 population censuses. The paper finds that only one quarter of the decline in the male sex ratio in the Russian North can be attributed to higher male outmigration and that three quarters are the result of significantly higher and widening gaps between females and males in life expectancy. The conclusion is that men in the Russian North coped with the social and economic upheavals by dying prematurely not by migrating. The leading causes of death for men were cardiovascular diseases and external causes such as murder, suicide and accidents.
The quality, understandability, readability, and popularity of online educational materials for heart murmur
Authors: Arslan Derya , Sami Tutar Mahmut , Kozanhan Betul , Bagci Zafer 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjective:Murmurs are abnormal audible heart sounds produced by turbulent blood flow. Therefore, murmurs in a child may be a source of anxiety for family members. Families often use online materials to explore possible reasons for these murmurs, given the accessibility of information on the Internet. In this study, we evaluated the quality, understandability, readability, and popularity of online materials about heart murmur.Methods:An Internet search was performed for “heart murmur” using the Google search engine. The global quality score (on a scale of 1 to 5, corresponding to poor to excellent quality) and Health on the Net code were used to measure the quality of information presented. The understandability of the web pages identified was measured using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (score range from 0 to 100%, scores below 70% reflect poor performance). The readability of each web pages was assessed using four validated indices: the Flesch Reading Ease Score, the Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level, the Gunning Frequency of Gobbledygook, and the Simple Measure of Gobbledygook. The ALEXA traffic tool was used to reference domains’ popularity and visibility.Results:We identified 230 English-language patient educational materials that discussed heart murmur. After exclusion, a total of 86 web pages were evaluated for this study. The average global quality score was 4.34 (SD = 0.71; range from 3 to 5) indicating that the quality of information of most websites was good. Only 14 (16.3%) websites had Health on the Net certification. The mean understandability score for all Internet-based patient educational materials was 74.6% (SD = 12.8%; range from 31.2 to 93.7%). A score suggesting these Internet-based patient educational materials were “easy to understand”. The mean readability levels of all patient educational materials were higher than the recommended sixth-grade reading level, according to all indices applied. This means that the level of readability is difficult. The average grade level for all web pages was 10.4 ± 1.65 (range from 7.53 to 14.13). The Flesch–Kincaid Grade level was 10 ± 1.81, the Gunning Frequency of Gobbledygook level was 12.1 ± 1.85, and the Simple Measure of Gobbledygook level was 9.1 ± 1.38. The average Flesch Reading Ease Score was 55 ± 9.1 (range from 32.4 to 72.9).Conclusion:We demonstrated that web pages describing heart murmurs were understandable and high quality. However, the readability level of the websites was above the recommended sixth-grade reading level. Readability of written materials from online sources need to be improved. However, care must be taken to ensure that the information of web pages is of a high quality and understandable.
Serbian Twin Registry
Authors: Smederevac Snežana , Mitrović Dušanka , Sadiković Selka , Milovanović Ilija , Branovački Bojan , Dinić Bojana M. , Nikolašević Željka , Kodžopeljić Jasmina , Bugarski Ignjatović Vojislava , Semnic Marija , Vujanić Stankov Tijana , Vučinić Nataša , Oljača Milan , Pajić Dejan , Stojadinović Aleksandra , Krstić Tatjana , Milutinović Aleksandra 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe first twin study in Serbia began in 2011 as a part of the research project, ‘Psychological Foundations of Mental Health: Hereditary and Environmental Factors’. At the same time, the research team from the Faculty of Philosophy and Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad established the first Serbian twin registry. The registry is intended primarily for the purpose of the research in behavioral genetics, as well as potential future studies in human genetics. It includes information on 1658 volunteers, including twin-pairs, their parent and siblings. The behavioral genetic study of adult twins has been focused on the hereditary and environmental sources of variance of different psychological characteristics, such as personality traits, cognitive abilities, executive functions and aggression, as well as some anthropometric measures and aspects of mental and physical health. Certain molecular genetic analyses have also been performed. The research team is currently starting the longitudinal twin study of children, which will be focused on different indicators of emotional, cognitive and physical development.