bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Проблемы законодательной техники правовых норм о противодействии коррупции
Authors: Плотников А.А. , Самодурова А.В. 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы уголовной ответственности за коррупционные преступления. Выделяются признаки коррупционного преступления. Особое внимание уделяется вопросам криминализации деяний, предусматривающих ответственность за посредничество во взяточничестве и мелкое взяточничество, установленные Федеральным законом от 3 июля 2016 г. № 324-ФЗ «О внесении изменений в Уголовный кодекс Российской Федерации и Уголовно-процессуальный кодекс Российской Федерации». Дается оценка целесообразности и эффективности действующих уголовно-правовых норм, регламентирующих ответственность за указанные деяния. Затронуты проблемы не только уголовно-правовой регламентации ответственности за посредничество во взяточничестве и мелкое взяточничество, но и выявления и документирования данной группы преступлений. На основании приведенных аргументов формулируется вывод о том, что установление уголовной ответственности за посредничество во взяточничестве и мелкое взяточничество не является своевременным и необходимым этапом совершенствования системы антикоррупционного законодательства.
The article discusses the issues of criminal liability for corruption crimes. The signs of a corruption crime are highlighted. The author pays special attention to the criminalization of acts involving liability for mediation in bribery and petty bribery, established by Federal Law No. 324-FZ dated July 3, 2016 “On Amendments to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation”. An assessment of the expediency and effectiveness of the current criminal law norms regulating responsibility for these acts is given. The problems of not only the criminal law regulation of responsibility for mediation in bribery and petty bribery, but also the problems of identifying and documenting this group of crimes are touched upon. Based on the above arguments, the conclusion is formulated that the establishment of criminal liability for mediation in bribery and petty bribery is not
Конкурс на замещение должностей педагогических работников профессорско-преподавательского состава высших учебных заведений как способ скрытой дискриминации с ограничением их права на труд и судебную защиту
Authors: Лордкипанидзе М.Г. , Лапшина С.Н. 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрен действующий в России порядок проведения конкурса в высших учебных заведениях на замещение должностей профессорско-преподавательского состава, утвержденный уполномоченным федеральным органом исполнительной власти на основании ст. 332 Трудового кодекса Российской Федерации, позволяющий работодателям практически безнаказанно увольнять педагогических работников по любой дискриминационной причине по истечении срока трудового договора, отказывать им в заключении нового трудового договора при отсутствии судебной защиты с нарушением ст. 3, 64 ТК РФ.
The article discusses the current procedure for holding a competition in higher educational institutions in Russia to fill the posts of professors and teachers, approved by the authorized federal executive body on the basis of Article 332 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, allowing employers to dismiss teaching staff for any discriminatory reason after the expiry of their employment contract with near impunity, refuse to conclude a new employment contract in the absence of judicial protection in violation of Articles 3, 64 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
Технико-юридический анализ норм законодательства в сфере обращения лекарственных средств, медицинских изделий и биологически активных добавок
Authors: Танцюра В.С. , Ласточкин А.Н. 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются некоторые правовые проблемы обеспечения медицинской безопасности в сфере охраны здоровья населения. Проанализированы средства законодательной техники, применяемые в конструировании субъективных признаков состава преступления, предусмотренного ст. 238ˡ УК РФ. Отмечается, что следует рассмотреть использование правового инструментария законодательной техники в проекции содержания и конструирования объективных признаков исследуемого состава преступления. Анализируя объективные признаки состава преступления ст. 238ˡ УК РФ, следует обратить внимание на характеристики объекта и объективной стороны, заложенные законодателем в исследуемый состав медицинского преступления.
The article discusses some legal problems of ensuring medical safety in the field of public health protection. The author analyzes the means of legislative technique used in the construction of subjective signs of the corpus delicti provided for in Article 238 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. It is noted that it is necessary to consider the use of legal tools of legislative technique in the projection of the content and construction of objective signs of the investigated corpus delicti. Analyzing the objective signs of the corpus delicti of art. 238 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, attention should be paid to the characteristics of the object and the objective side, laid down by the legislator in the investigated composition of a medical crime.
Медиация по делам в сфере семейных правоотношений: материальный и процессуальный аспекты
Authors: Борисова Л.В. 
Published: December 2024

В статье исследованы отдельные материальные и процессуальные аспекты применения процедуры медиации по спорам в сфере семейных правоотношений, затрагивающих интересы детей. Научно обоснована идея отнесения медиации по данной категории дел к обязательному досудебному порядку урегулирования споров. Обозначены существующие на сегодняшний день проблемы законодательного регулирования данной сферы отношений, обозначены варианты их решения.
The article examines individual material and procedural aspects of the application of mediation procedures for disputes in the sphere of family legal relations affecting the interests of children. The idea of ​​classifying mediation for this category of cases as a mandatory pre-trial dispute resolution procedure is scientifically substantiated. The problems of legislative regulation of this sphere of relations that currently exist are outlined, and options for their solution are outlined.
How Problem Gambling Shapes Activities of Daily Living: A Narrative Inquiry
Authors: Carranza Jazmin , Fossella Noelle , McLuhan Arthur , Matheson Flora I. 
Published: December 2024

Importance: People experiencing addiction often face difficulties completing their activities of daily living (ADLs). Little research exists on how problem gambling (PG)—a serious public health issue—intersects with ADLs.
Objective: To explore how PG shapes a person’s ADLs.
Design: This was a qualitative study that used narrative inquiry. We conducted 12 qualitative interviews with people experiencing PG and administered the Problem Gambling Severity Index and a sociodemographic questionnaire.
Setting: Virtual interviews via Zoom for Healthcare.
Participants: Canadian adults (N = 12) ages 23–32 yr. The majority identified as male, Black, college or university educated, and employed, with an income of ≥CAD$40,000. They self-identified as experiencing PG; were actively gambling, either online or land based; were of legal age to gamble; were able to participate in an English interview; and had access to email. Convenience and purposive sampling were used.
Outcomes and Measures: No outcomes are reported because of the exploratory nature of the study.
Results: Four main themes, each with its own set of subthemes, emerged in the analysis: (1) the activity of gambling, (2) social influence, (3) gambling overtakes all ADLs, and (4) mental health.
Conclusions and Relevance: Occupational therapists are well positioned to help clients with addictive behaviors. This study has the potential to inform occupational therapy practitioners who work with people experiencing PG.
Positionality Statement: The two primary researchers (Jazmin Carranza and Noelle Fossella) have limited personal and academic experience with PG. Their educational backgrounds include a master of science in occupational therapy (Carranza and Fossella) and bachelor’s of science, with honors, in psychology (Fossella), biology (Carranza), and neuroscience (Carranza). All authors recognize the potential biases our life experiences may bring to our research, and we have endeavored to provide a true representation of the information the participants shared with us.
Plain-Language Summary: This study was conducted to better understand how the experience of problem gambling—a recognized public health issue—can change people’s daily routines and activities. Findings from the experiences shared by participants indicate that problem gambling has a notable effect on the activities in which people participate and on how they engage in these activities. Social networks and mental health also were described as being affected by the experience of problem gambling. These results suggest that the potential exists for occupational therapists to use their expertise to help people with gambling problems engage in activities that are meaningful to them.
NILAI TINDIH SUKU SASAK SEBAGAI PEDOMAN HIDUP UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EMPATI DAN SIKAP HORMAT SISWA
Authors: NURAENI NURAENI , SUHARDI MUHAMAD 
Published: December 2024

Moral values, particularly respect, are fundamental principles that grow and develop from the value of empathy. Empathy, in this context, is a moral value that can positively contribute to an individual's moral development. Empathy and respect are among the foundational moral values that influence other virtues such as responsibility, friendship, peacefulness, honesty, and tolerance, which are integral to humanitarian values. One of the local wisdom values believed to enhance individual understanding and actions is the tindih value of the Sasak tribe. The tindih value refers to a core principle emphasizing commitment and consistency to truth and nobility, which is rooted in faith. The fundamental tindih value is supported by a protective value system that safeguards individuals and society from humanitarian degradation, namely maliq and merang. Maliq signifies the prohibition of engaging in inappropriate and unbeneficial actions. Meanwhile, merang embodies social solidarity, characterized by empathy and concern for others.
ABSTRAKNilai moral berupa sikap hormat atau respect merupakan nilai dasar yang tumbuh dan berkembang dari nilai empati. Nilai empati dalam hal ini merupakan nilai moralitas yang dapat berkontribusi positif terhadap perkembangan moral individu. Empati dan sikap hormat merupakan salah satu nilai (kualitas dari perbuatan) yang merupakan nilai moral paling dasar bagi nilai-nilai lainnya yang juga dapat berpengaruh terhadap nilai tanggung jawab, persahabatan, cinta damai, rasa hormat, kejujuran dan toleransi nilai-nilai kemanusiaan. Adapun salah satu nilai kearifan lokal yang dianggap dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan perbuatan individu adalah nilai tindih suku Sasak. Adapun yang dimaksud nilai tindih adalah nilai dasar yang menekankan pada komitmen dan konsistensi pada kebenaran dan keluhuran yang bersumber dari keimanan. Adapun nilai dasar tindih didindingi oleh sistem nilai penyangga untuk membentengi diri dan masyarakat dari degradasi kemanusiaan yaitu maliq dan merang. Lebih lanjut maliq berarti pantangan melakukan hal yang tidak pantas dan tidak bermanfaat. Sedangkan merang mengandung nilai solidaritas sosial yaitu sikap tenggang rasa, dan perduli terhadap sesama atau mampu berempati.
Variasi Ortografi Khusus Pegon Dalam Teks Syi'ir Tandha Qiyamat
Authors: Irakusuma Ratna Nur Fatimah , H Hendrokumoro 
Published: December 2024

This study aims to identify Pegon specific orthographic variations (Pegon special script). The special Pegon script referred to in this study is a script that represents Javanese sounds that are not possessed by Arabic sounds. The consonant sounds mentioned above are /c/, /g/, /p/, /ṭ/, /ḍ/, /ŋ/, and /ñ/. Each of the phonemes mentioned above has at least two variations of orthographic shapes. These variations are in the form of the position of the graphem in the word, the presence or absence of dots, and the number of dots in the script in question. The adoption and adaptation of Hijaiah graphemes into Pegon's special graphemes tends to be based on the proximity of the original grapheme articulation point into the fabricated graphem or the similarity of the resulting sound. Grapheme modifications carried out in the adaptation process are in the form of modifying the number of points in the Hijaiah script that have dots and adding a single point to the Hijaiah script that does not have points. Combining philological methods with linguistic orthographic theory, this study gives a new color to the study of language descriptions, especially Javanese.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi variasi ortografi khusus Pegon (aksara khusus Pegon). Aksara khusus Pegon yang dimaksud dalam penelitian ini adalah aksara yang mewakili bunyi bahasa Jawa yang tidak dimiliki oleh bunyi bahasa Arab. Bunyi-bunyi konsonan yang disebutkan di atas adalah /c/, /g/, /p/, /ṭ/, /ḍ/, /ŋ/, dan /ñ/. Masing-masing fonem yang disebutkan di atas memiliki sekurang-kurangnya dua variasi bentuk ortografi. Variasi tersebut berupa posisi grafem dalam kata, ada tidaknya titik, dan jumlah titik pada aksara yang bersangkutan. Adopsi dan adaptasi grafem Hijaiah ke dalam grafem khusus Pegon cenderung berdasarkan kedekatan titik artikulasi grafem asal ke dalam grafem rekaan atau kemiripan bunyi yang dihasilkan. Modifikasi grafem yang dilakukan alam proses adaptasi berupa modifikasi jumlah titik pada aksara Hijaiah yang memiliki titik dan penambahan titik tunggal pada aksara Hijaiah yang tidak memiliki titik. Memadukan metode filologi dengan teori ortografi linguistik, penelitian ini memberi warna baru dalam penelitian deskripsi bahasa khususnya bahasa Jawa.
Menolak Tunduk
Authors: Aprianita Triana , Wahyudi Johan 
Published: December 2024

This article examines the existence of Tawan Karang Rights as one of the traditional legal practices in the archipelago which was maintained by the coastal communities of the Dutch East Indies until the end of the 19th century. The focus of this research is to understand how Tawan Karang Rights as a form of customary law interact, conflict and negotiate with the international shipping legal framework introduced by the Dutch colonial era. This research uses legal research methods by looking at the legal products of Tawan Karang in the Kingdom of Bali and the Kingdom of Teunom, in Aceh and comparing them with conventional shipping law at that time. This article shows that the interaction between Tawan Karang Rights and international shipping law in the Dutch East Indies was a reflection of the broader conflict between customary law and colonial law. This practice not only reflects the socio-economic dynamics of coastal communities, but also highlights how customary law attempts to negotiate its existence in the face of modern legal pressures brought about by colonialism.

Artikel ini mengkaji keberadaan Hak Tawan Karang sebagai salah satu praktik hukum tradisional di Nusantara yang dipertahankan oleh masyarakat pesisir Hindia Belanda hingga akhir abad ke-19. Fokus penelitian ini adalah memahami bagaimana Hak Tawan Karang sebagai bentuk hukum adat berinteraksi, berkonflik, dan bernegosiasi dengan kerangka hukum pelayaran internasional yang diperkenalkan oleh kolonial Belanda. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum dengan melihat produk hukum Tawan karang di Kerajaan Bali dan Kerajaan Teunom, di Aceh dan mengkomparasikannya dengan hukum pelayaran konvensional kala itu. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara Hak Tawan Karang dan hukum pelayaran internasional di Hindia Belanda merupakan cerminan dari konflik yang lebih luas antara hukum adat dan hukum kolonial. Praktik ini tidak hanya mencerminkan dinamika sosial-ekonomi masyarakat pesisir, tetapi juga menyoroti bagaimana hukum adat berupaya menegosiasikan keberadaannya dalam menghadapi tekanan hukum modern yang dibawa oleh kolonialisme.
Dual-frequency radar observations of snowmelt processes on Antarctic perennial sea ice by CFOSCAT and ASCAT
Authors: Xu Rui , Zhao Chaofang , Arndt Stefanie , Haas Christian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Since 2017, Antarctic sea ice coverage has shown significant reductions, and therefore observations of its surface melting behavior are of utmost importance. Here we study the capability of the Ku-band Chinese-French Oceanography Satellite Scatterometer (CFOSCAT) launched in 2018 to detect surface melting and compare it with more established observations of the C-band Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) in orbit since 2007. Both CFOSCAT and ASCAT observations show increases in radar backscatter of more than 2 dB over perennial ice once the ice surface warms and destructive snow metamorphism commences, defined as pre-melt onset (PMO). Backscatter increases by more than 3 dB once prominent thaw–freeze cycles commence, defined as snowmelt onset (SMO). Scatterometer data are compared with drifting buoy and ERA5 reanalysis air temperature data to support the interpretation of melt-related snow processes. Between 2019 and 2022, the average CFOSCAT pre-melt and snowmelt onset dates for 12 perennial ice study regions are 9 November (±23 d) and 1 December (±22 d), earlier than those of ASCAT on 21 November (±22 d) and 11 December (±25 d), respectively. Sensitivity tests show that results depend slightly on chosen backscatter thresholds but little on sea ice concentration. The derived SMOs are in good agreement with previous studies, but the SMO difference between dual-frequency radar observations is smaller than that reported by previous studies due to the sensor differences and different spatiotemporal resolutions. SMO differences between dual-frequency radar observations were also found to be potentially related to regional differences in snow metamorphism. With regard to the long-term changes in SMO, there are strong interannual and regional variabilities in SMO changes, and no consistent changes could be detected among different sub-regions with the beginning of Antarctic sea ice decline after 2015. Dual-frequency CFOSCAT and ASCAT observations hold strong promise for a better understanding of snowmelt processes on Antarctic sea ice, and it is necessary to extend the observation of Antarctic snowmelt based on dual-frequency scatterometers.
Conflictos en la implementación de la reforma laboral mexicana de 2019 en la industria automotriz
Authors: Martínez Silva Eleocadio , Ocampo Pérez Edgardo Santiago 
Published: December 2024

El artículo examina el proceso de la implementación de la Reforma Laboral de 2019 a través de cinco conflictos sindicales en el sector automotriz. Por medio de observación participante y fuentes documentales se reconstruyen las tensiones generadas durante los cuatro años del proceso de implementación de la Reforma Laboral y el uso del Mecanismo Laboral de Respuesta Rápida (MLRR). Como resultado de la investigación documentamos las resistencias de diferentes actores al cambio laboral. Sin embargo, la Reforma Laboral y el MLRR desencadenaron procesos cuyos efectos están por observarse y potencialmente pueden producir cambios en la estructura del poder sindical en México.
ORGANIZACIJOS DARBUOTOJŲ MOTYVACINĖS SISTEMOS PAGRINDU SUKURTA VERTĖ
Authors: Kasparienė Jurgita , Mačiunskienė Asta 
Published: December 2024

Šiandieninės organizacijos veikia intensyvios konkurencijos ir labai dinamiškos išorinės aplinkos sąlygomis. Šių aplinkybių kombinacijoje itin aktualūs tampa gebėjimai strategijoje identifikuoti tinkamus, efektą - pažangą duodančius tikslus, bei gebėjimas pasiekti išsikeltus tikslus. Organizacijos strategija tampa aktuali, kai reikia numatyti verslo plėtros kryptį, kuriamų produktų ir teikiamų paslaugų paklausą, išlikti rinkoje ir gauti pelno. Todėl strateginis planavimas tampa ypač svarbus stabilaus verslo pagrindas. Organizacijos norėdamos pasiekti strategijoje suplanuotus tikslus, turi turėti unikalius, išskirtinius išteklius. Vienas svarbiausių – darbuotojai. Tai yra vienas sunkiausiai pasiekimų konkurencinių pranašumų. Turėti darbuotojus (žmogiškuosius išteklius) nėra svarbiausia užduotis, svarbiausia užduotis yra organizacijos žinios, dalijimasis su darbuotojais bei gebėjimas strategiškai kryptingai valdyti darbuotojus. Organizacijos vadovų pagrindinė užduotis tampa gebėjimas suderinti atskirų darbuotojų ir organizacijos tikslus, gauti geriausią rezultatą bei kartu pasiekti organizacijos užsibrėžtus tikslus. Svarbu tampa ne tik turėti išskirtinius žmogiškuosius išteklius, tačiau ir sukurti tokią motyvacinę sistemą, kuri sąlygotų darbuotojų prisidėjimą prie strateginių tikslų įgyvendinimo.
Nomogram for overall survival in ampullary adenocarcinoma using the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database and external validation
Authors: Yang Jia , Wang Zi-Yi , Chen Jing , Zhang Yao , Chen Lei 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND
Ampullary adenocarcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. Currently, only a few cases have been reported, resulting in limited information on survival.
AIM
To develop a dynamic nomogram using internal and external validation to predict survival in patients with ampullary adenocarcinoma.
METHODS
Data were sourced from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results stat database. The patients in the database were randomized in a 7:3 ratio into training and validation groups. Using Cox regression univariate and multivariate analyses in the training group, we identified independent risk factors for overall survival and cancer-specific survival to develop the nomogram. The nomogram was validated with a cohort of patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University.
RESULTS
For overall and cancer-specific survival, 12 (sex, age, race, lymph node ratio, tumor size, chemotherapy, surgical modality, T stage, tumor differentiation, brain metastasis, lung metastasis, and extension) and 6 (age; surveillance, epidemiology, and end results stage; lymph node ratio; chemotherapy; surgical modality; and tumor differentiation) independent risk factors, respectively, were incorporated into the nomogram. The area under the curve values at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively, were 0.807, 0.842, and 0.826 for overall survival and 0.816, 0.835, and 0.841 for cancer-specific survival. The internal and external validation cohorts indicated good consistency of the nomogram.
CONCLUSION
The dynamic nomogram offers robust predictive efficacy for the overall and cancer-specific survival of ampullary adenocarcinoma.