bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical therapeutic effects of lidocaine combination with flurbiprofen axetil for reducing propofol-induced pain in adults
Authors: Sun Weiqiang , Yu Jinfen , Lu Gang , Ye Xiaofeng , Fu Jun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background:
Pain on injection is a well-recognized adverse event of propofol administration for the stimulation of general anesthesia. Pre-treatment with lidocaine or flurbiprofen axetil has proven to be effectual in the reduction propofol-induced pain in adults. Nonetheless, only few studies have evaluated the clinical therapeutic effects of lidocaine combination with flurbiprofen axetil to prevent pain on injection of propofol. The current study aims to evaluate the clinical therapeutic effects of lidocaine combination with flurbiprofen axetil to reduce pain on injection of propofol among adult patients.

Methods:
The literature search will be conducted from their inception to November 2020 from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases without date or geographical restrictions. However, language will be restricted to publications in English and Chinese. Two authors will independently screen abstracts and titles of all papers to determine whether to include or exclude them. The authors will also study characteristic and outcomes of data extraction and carry out risk of bias assessment. We plan to use either a fixed-effects or random-effects model to estimate the risk ratios (RR) or mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) together with 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results:
This study will provide high-quality evidence for the clinical therapeutic effects of lidocaine combination with flurbiprofen axetil for reducing pain on injection of propofol in adult patients.

Conclusion:
This study will summarize current evidence for the management of pain on injection of propofol in adult patients and provide guidance for both intervention and future research.

Ethics and dissemination:
Since no data collection will be involved, there is no need for an ethics approval.

Registration number:
November 17, 2020.osf.io/72tpj/. (https://osf.io/72tpj/)
The association between age and adverse events due to biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ikari Yuzo , Yajima Nobuyuki , Miwa Yusuke 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We examined whether the age of patients with rheumatoid arthritis was associated with adverse events (AEs) caused by biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs).
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis using bDMARDs from Showa University Hospital, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, and Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital from January 2005 to December 2017 were eligible for this retrospective cohort study. The maximum observation period was determined to be 1 year. Outcomes in patients older and younger than 75 years were compared. The primary outcome was the rate of drug discontinuation because of AEs caused by bDMARDs. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using Pearson's chi-squared test and logistic regression analysis, respectively.
A total of 416 patients were enrolled; median (interquartile range [IQR]): 60.0 (44.3 - 71.0) years and 84.6% women; patients ≥ 75 years were 67/416 (16.1%). The rates of drug discontinuation because of AEs caused by bDMARDs were 10.5% (7/67) in patients 75 years and older and 10.9% (38/349) in those younger than 75 years (relative risk 0.95, 95% confidential interval 0.45-2.24). In logistic regression analysis adjusted for covariates, the rate of drug discontinuation showed no significant difference between the patients ≥ 75 years and the those < 75 years (adjusted odds ratio 0.70, 95% confidential interval 0.29-1.75, P = .45).
The rate of drug discontinuation because of AEs caused by bDMARDs was not significantly different between patients 75 years and older and patients younger than 75 years.
Effectiveness and safety of Yufengningxin for treating coronary heart disease angina
Authors: Liu Chao , Bai Jing , Liu Lanchun , Gao Jialiang , Wang Jie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background:
More than 11 million people suffer from coronary heart disease (CHD) angina in China, showing high morbidity and mortality rates. Yufengingxin (YFNX) is a commonly used Chinese patent medicine in CHD angina treatment. The purpose of this protocol is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of YFNX for the treatment of CHD angina.

Methods:
A systematic search of randomized controlled trials related to the effectiveness and safety of YFNX in the treatment of CHD angina will be performed from relevant databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP) and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM). We will screen all the literatures from the database inception to November 1, 2020. The data including study ID, study characteristics, methodological information, patients information, interventions, comparisons and outcomes will be extracted. The frequency and duration of angina attacks will be served as the primary outcome. Review Manager 5.3 and STATA 14.0 software will be used for data analysis.

Conclusion:
This systematic review will provide strong evidence for the effectiveness and safety of YFNX in the treatment of CHD angina.

Trial registration number:
INPLASY2020110040.
Herbal medicines for anorexia in lung cancer
Authors: Lee Ju Ah , Kim Kyun Ha , Ko Geum Young , Yoo Hwa-Seung , Choi Jun-Yong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Anorexia is the most common cause of malnutrition in lung cancer patients as well as an independent prognostic factor for cancer survival. This review will deal with the clinical evidence of herbal medicine use for reducing anorexia in lung cancer patients.

Methods and analysis:
Fourteen electronic databases will be searched from inception until October 2020. We will include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing herbal medicines for anorexia in lung cancer patients. Interventions of any herbal medicines will be included. The methodological qualities of the included RCTs will be assessed via the Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) instrument will be used to evaluate the confidence in the cumulative evidence.

Ethics and dissemination:
This systematic literature review does not require an ethics review. This review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated electronically and in print. The review will be updated to inform and guide healthcare practices.

Registration number:
reviewregistry1038.
Reduced Myocardial Uptake of 123I-MIBG in Congenital Insensitivity to Pain With Anhidrosis
Authors: Sasahara Mihoko , Abe Takashi , Otomi Yoichi , Yamazaki Hiroki , Harada Masafumi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A 30-year-old man presented with repeated episodes of painless injuries in his feet and abnormally high body temperature. He was diagnosed with congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis—a rare hereditary peripheral neuropathy characterized by decreased pain, reduced sweating, and autonomic neuropathy. Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis is also called hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IV. 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy showed reduced myocardial uptake (heart-to-mediastinum ratio: 1.56 and 1.42 in the early and late phases, respectively; washout ratio, 49%), indicating autonomic dysfunction. This finding may contribute to the diagnosis of congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis and the semiquantitative evaluation of an autonomic dysfunction.
FDG PET/CT of Benign Psammomatous Meningioma Effacing the Medulla
Authors: Chuang Tzyy-Ling , Chen Jin-Cherng , Chen Yu-Ruei , Wang Yuh-Feng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A 62-year-old woman had progressively developing throbbing right neck pain for 1 year. The pain radiated to the right suboccipital area, sometimes accompanied by breathlessness. To rule out cancer, patient received FDG PET/CT, which showed an intraspinal cord intense FDG-avid calcified mass at the level of the first cervical spine, mimicking malignancy. MRI showed it effacing the medulla; surgery is probably a challenge. She received laminectomy with tumor removal; pathology showed psammomatous meningioma, World Health Organization grade I. This case suggests that benign spinal cord psammomatous meningioma with calcification may show high FDG uptake, mimicking malignancy.
A Novel Approach to Coronoidectomy: the Modified Keen Technique
Authors: Roy Tulsi , Reid Russell 
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Coronoid fractures are relatively rare fractures of the craniofacial skeleton, but typically occur concomitantly with high-velocity craniofacial trauma to the midface and lateral mandible. Management of coronoid fractures may vary, but when surgical excision is indicated, treatment frequently involves an intraoral approach through a posterior intraoral incision along the mandibular ramus. Here, the authors present an alternative and novel approach to the coronoid process based on the Keen approach to the lateral midface.

Technical note:
The authors present a patient with a left zygomatico-maxillary complex fracture and left coronoid fracture. After disimpaction of the zygomatico-maxillary complex fracture, a maxillary vestibular incision in the gingivobuccal sulcus was made. After subperiosteal dissection, the maxillary fracture was exposed and fixated. A modified Keen approach was used to expose the coronoid process, perform temporalis myotomy, and excise the fracture fragment.

Discussion:
Compared to the classic intraoral approach to coronoidectomy, the modified Keen approach is a quick, versatile technique that allows for direct visualization of the coronoid process without the use of endoscopy, facilitates fixation of concurrent midfacial fractures, and utilizes an anterior intraoral incision that is easy to retract and close. For these reasons, the modified Keen technique for coronoidectomy should be considered in the treatment of trismus when an intraoral approach is indicated.
Yield of Adding chest CT to Abdominal CT to Detect COVID-19 in Patients Presenting With Acute Gastrointestinal Symptoms (SCOUT-3): Multicenter Study
Authors: Borgstein A.B.J. , Scheijmans J.C.G. , Puylaert C.A.J. , Keywani K. , Lobatto M.E. , Orsini R.G. , van Rees Veillinga T. , van Rossen J. , Scheerder M.J. , Voermans R.P. , Han A.X. , Russell C.A. , Prins J.M. , Gietema H.A. , Stoker J , Boermeester M.A. , Gisbertz S.S. , Besselink M.G. ,   on behalf of the SCOUT study group
Published: December 2020

Objective:
To determine the incremental yield of standardized addition of chest CT to abdominal CT to detect COVID-19 in patients presenting with primarily acute gastrointestinal symptoms requiring abdominal imaging. Summary Background Data: Around 20% of patients with COVID-19 present with gastrointestinal symptoms. COVID-19 might be neglected in these patients, as the focus could be on finding abdominal pathology. During the COVID-19 pandemic, several centers have routinely added chest CT to abdominal CT to detect possible COVID-19 in patients presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms. However, the incremental yield of this strategy is unknown.

Methods:
This multicenter study in 6 Dutch centers included consecutive adult patients presenting with acute nontraumatic gastrointestinal symptoms, who underwent standardized combined abdominal and chest CT between March 15, 2020 and April 30, 2020. All CT scans were read for signs of COVID-19 related pulmonary sequelae using the СО-RADS score. The primary outcome was the yield of high COVID-19 suspicion (СО-RADS 4-5) based on chest CT.

Results:
A total of 392 patients were included. Radiologic suspicion for COVID-19 (СО-RADS 4-5) was present in 17 (4.3%) patients, eleven of which were diagnosed with COVID-19. Only 5 patients with СО-RADS 4-5 presented without any respiratory symptoms and were diagnosed with COVID-19. No relation with community prevalence could be detected.

Conclusion:
The yield of adding chest CT to abdominal CT to detect COVID-19 in patients presenting with acute gastrointestinal symptoms is extremely low with an additional detection rate of around 1%.
Large-Scale Measurement of Aggregate Human Colocation Patterns for Epidemiological Modeling
Authors: Iyer Shankar , Karrer Brian , Citron Daniel , Kooti Farshad , Maas Paige , Wang Zeyu , Giraudy Eugenia , Medhat Ahmed , Dow P. Alex , Pompe Alex 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTo understand and model public health emergencies, epidemiologists need data that describes how humans are moving and interacting across physical space. Such data has traditionally been difficult for researchers to obtain with the temporal resolution and geographic breadth that is needed to study, for example, a global pandemic. This paper describes Colocation Maps, which are spatial network datasets that have been developed within Facebook’s Data For Good program. These Maps estimate how often people from different regions are colocated: in particular, for a pair of geographic regions x and y, these Maps estimate the probability that a randomly chosen person from x and a randomly chosen person from y are simultaneously located in the same place during a randomly chosen minute in a given week. These datasets are well suited to parametrize metapopulation models of disease spread or to measure temporal changes in interactions between people from different regions; indeed, they have already been used for both of these purposes during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, we show how Colocation Maps differ from existing data sources, describe how the datasets are built, provide examples of their use in compartmental modeling, and summarize ideas for further development of these and related datasets. We also conduct the first large-scale analysis of human colocation patterns across the world. Among the findings of this study, we observe that a pair of regions can exhibit high colocation despite few people moving between them. We also find that although few pairs of people are colocated for many days over the course of a week, these pairs can contribute significant fractions of the total colocation time within a region or between pairs of regions.
Genomic and phylogenetic analyses of SARS-CoV-2 strains isolated in the city of Gwangju, South Korea
Authors: Lee Ji-eun , Chung Jae Keun , Kim Tae sun , Park Jungwook , Lim Mi hyeon , Hwang Da jeong , Jeong Jin , Kim Kwang gon , Yoon Ji-eun , Kee Hye young , Seo Jin jong , Kim Min Ji 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSince the first identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in China in late December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread fast around the world. RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, have higher gene mutations than DNA viruses during virus replication. Variations in SARS-CoV-2 genome could contribute to efficiency of viral spread and severity of COVID-19. In this study, we analyzed the locations of genomic mutations to investigate the genetic diversity among isolates of SARS-CoV-2 in Gwangju. We detected non-synonymous and frameshift mutations in various parts of SARS-CoV-2 genome. The phylogenetic analysis for whole genome showed that SARS-CoV-2 genomes in Gwangju isolates are clustered within clade V and G. Our findings not only provide a glimpse into changes of prevalent virus clades in Gwangju, South Korea, but also support genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 to aid in the development of efficient therapeutic antibodies and vaccines against COVID-19.
Isothermal Amplification of Nucleic Acids with Ladder-shape Melting Curve
Authors: Wang Deguo , Wang Yongzhen , Zhang Meng , Zhang Yongqing , Sun Juntao , Song Chumei , Xiao Fugang , Ping Yuan , Pan Chen , Hu Yushan , Wang Chaoqun , Liu Yanhong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA novel method termed isothermal amplification of nucleic acids withladder-shapemeltingcurve (LMCP) was developed in the study. In this method, one pair of primers or two pairs of nested primers and a thermostable DNA polymerase (large fragment) were employed to amplify theinternaltranscribedspacer (ITS) ofOryza sativawith ladder-shape melting curve. Our results demonstrated that the LMCP assay with nested primers was 50-fold more sensitive and one-hour faster than the LAMP assay with the same level of specificity. The LMCP method has the potential to be used for the prevention and control of the emerging epidemics.
Negatively charged peptide nanofibrils from immunoglobulin light chain sequester viral particles but lack cell-binding and viral transduction-enhancing properties
Authors: Schütz Desiree , Read Clarissa , Groß Rüdiger , Röcker Annika , Rode Sascha , Annamalai Karthikeyan , Fändrich Marcus , Münch Jan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPositively charged naturally occurring or engineered peptide nanofibrils (PNF) are effective enhancers of lentiviral and retroviral transduction, an often rate limiting step in gene transfer and gene therapy approaches. These polycationic PNF are thought to bridge the electrostatic repulsions between negatively charged membranes of virions and cells, thereby enhancing virion attachment to and infection of target cells. Here, we analyzed PNF which are formed by the peptide AL1, which represents a fragment of an immunoglobulin light chain that causes systemic AL amyloidosis. We found that negatively charged AL1 PNF interact with viral particles to a comparable extent as positively charged PNF. However, AL1 PNF lacked cell binding activity and consequently did not enhance retroviral infection. These findings show that virion capture and cell binding of PNF are mediated by different mechanisms, offering avenues for the design of advanced PNF with selective functions.
Theory and simulations for crowding-induced changes in stability of proteins with applications to λ repressor
Authors: Denesyuk Natalia A. , Thirumalai D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExperiments and theories have shown that when steric interactions between crowding particles and proteins are dominant, which give rise to Asakura-Oosawa depletion forces, then the stabilities of the proteins increase compared to the infinite dilution case. We show using theoretical arguments that the crowder volume fraction (ΦC) dependent increase in the melting temperature of globular proteins,, where. The effective Flory exponent,νeff, relates the radius of gyration in the unfolded state to the number of amino acid residues in the protein. We derive the bound 1.25 ≤ α ≤ 2.0. The theoretical predictions are confirmed using molecular simulations of λ repressor in the presence of spherical crowding particles. Analyses of previous simulations and experiments confirm the predicted theoretical bound for α. We show that the non-specific attractions between crowding particles and amino acid residues have to be substantial to fully negate the enhanced protein stabilities due to intra protein attractive Asakura-Oosawa (AO) depletion potential. Using the findings, we provide an alternate explanation for the very modest (often less than 0.5 Kcal/mol) destabilization in certain proteins in the cellular milieu. Cellular environment is polydisperse containing large and small crowding agents. AO arguments suggest that proteins would be localized between large (sizes exceeding that of the proteins) crowders, which are predicted to have negligible effect on stability.In vitroexperiments containing mixtures of crowding particles could validate or invalidate the predictions.
Loss of PI3-kinase activity of inositol polyphosphate multikinase impairs PDK1-mediated AKT activation, cell migration and intestinal homeostasis
Authors: Guha Prasun , Reilly Luke , Semenza Evan R. , Abramson Efrat , Mishra Subrata , Sei Yoshitasu , Wank Stephen A. , Donowitz Mark , Snyder Solomon H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractInositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the inositol phosphate (IP) pathway which converts IP3 to IP4 and IP5. In mammalian cells, IPMK can also act as a phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3-kinase). We previously found that IPMK is a critical PI3-kinase activator of AKT. Here, we show that IPMK mediates AKT activation by promoting membrane localization and activation of PDK1. The PI3-kinase activity of IPMK is dispensable for membrane localization of AKT, which is entirely controlled by classical PI3-kinase (p110α,ß, γ, δ). By contrast, we found that PDK1 membrane localization was largely independent of classical PI3-kinase. Membrane localization of PDK1 stimulates cell migration by dissociating ROCK1 from inhibitory binding to RhoE and promoting ROCK1-mediated myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation. Deletion of IPMK impairs cell migration associated with the abolition of PDK1-mediated ROCK1 disinhibition and subsequent MLC phosphorylation. To investigate the physiological relevance of IPMK-mediated AKT activation, we generated mice selectively lacking IPMK in epithelial cells of the intestine, where IPMK is highly expressed. Deletion of IPMK in intestinal epithelial cells markedly reduced AKT phosphorylation and diminished numbers of Paneth cells – a crypt-resident epithelial cell type that generates the physiological niche for intestinal stem cells. Ablation of IPMK impaired intestinal epithelial cell regeneration basally and after; chemotherapy-induced damage, suggesting a broad role for IPMK in the activation of AKT and intestinal tissue regeneration. In summary, the PI3-kinase activity of IPMK promotes membrane localization of PDK1, a critical kinase whereby AKT maintains intestinal homeostasis.One Sentence SummaryPI3-kinase activity of IPMK is essential for activation of AKT.
A nucleotide-sensing endonuclease from the Gabija bacterial defense system
Authors: Cheng Rui , Huang Fengtao , Wu Hui , Lu Xuelin , Yan Yan , Yu Bingbing , Wang Xionglue , Zhu Bin 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThe arms race between bacteria and phages has led to the development of exquisite bacterial defense systems including a number of uncharacterized systems distinct from the well-known Restriction-Modification and CRISPR/Cas systems. Here, we report functional analyses of the GajA protein from the newly predicted Gabija system. The GajA protein is revealed as an endonuclease unique in that: 1. It may function as a restriction enzyme or a site-specific nicking enzyme, depending on the arrangement of the recognition sequences; 2. Its activity is strictly regulated by nucleotides concentration. NTP and dNTP at physiological concentrations can fully inhibited the robust DNA cleavage activity of GajA. Interestingly, the nucleotide inhibition is mediated by an ATPase-like domain, which usually hydrolyzes ATP to stimulate the DNA cleavage when associated with other nucleases. These features suggested the mechanism of the Gabija defense in which an endonuclease activity was suppressed at normal condition, while activated by the depletion of NTP and dNTP upon the replication and transcription by invaded phages. This work highlights a concise strategy to utilize a single protein for phage resistance via nucleotide regulatory.