bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel UTMD system facilitating nucleic acid delivery into MDA-MB-231 cells
Authors: Zhang Hui , Li Yue , Rao Fang , Liufu Chun , Wang Yi , Chen Zhiyi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Gene therapy is emerging as a promising method for the treatment of various diseases. The safe and efficient delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids is a gene therapy prerequisite. Ultrasound, particularly in combination with microbubbles composed of biocompatible materials such as lipid, PLGA and chitosan, is a novel non-viral tool for gene transportation. Under ultrasound irradiation, microbubbles explode and generate pores in the cell membrane. Hence, genes can enter cells more easily. In order to transfect nucleic acids into MDA-MB-231 cells in a low-cost and non-viral manner for further breast cancer gene therapy studies, we explored ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) technology and evaluated the efficiency and safety of the delivery of plasmid encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (pEGFP) and a microRNA-34a (miR-34a) mimic by UTMD. Sonovitro ultrasonic apparatus was employed to generate ultrasonic field, which was developed by our group. Ultrasonic parameters, including acoustic intensity (AI), exposure time (ET) and duty cycle (DC), were optimized at 0.6 W/cm2 AI, 20 s ET and 20% DC, the cell viability was not obviously impaired. Under these conditions, the UTMD-mediated transfection efficiency of pEGFP was greater than 40%. In addition to plasmid DNA, an miR-34a mimic was also successfully introduced into the cytoplasm by UTMD and found to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells and regulate downstream molecules. The present study indicates that further in vivo UTMD-mediated gene therapy studies are warranted.
Rotor UMP characteristics and vibration properties in synchronous generator due to 3D static air‐gap eccentricity faults
Authors: He Yu‐Ling , Sun Yue‐Xin , Xu Ming‐Xing , Wang Xiao‐Long , Wu Yu‐Cai , Vakil Gaurang , Gerada David , Gerada Chris 
Published: January 2020

In this article, the qualitative theoretical derivation, together with finite element analysis and experimental studies are presented to investigate the unbalanced magnetic pull (UMP) as well as the rotor vibration characteristics. Differently from previous studies, this study focuses on the UMP/vibration not only under the normal and the conventional radial rotor eccentricity conditions but also for three‐dimensional (3D) hybrid static air‐gap eccentricity (SAGE) cases which are composed of both the radial SAGE and the axial SAGE. The detailed UMP expressions before and after each SAGE, are first deduced based on the analysis of the magnetic flux density variation. Then, the 3D finite element calculation and the experimental study are carried out on the CS‐5 prototype generator which has two poles and a rated speed of 3000 rpm in order to validate the proposed theoretical analysis. It is shown that the DC component and the even harmonics of the radial UMP/vibration, especially the second harmonic, increase under the SAGE conditions. Specifically, the increment of the radial SAGE increases both the radial and the axial UMPs/vibrations, while the growth of the axial SAGE increases the axial UMP/vibration but meanwhile reduces the radial UMP/vibration.
Modelling the asymmetries of the Sun’s radial p-mode line profiles
Authors: Philidet J. , Belkacem K. , Samadi R. , Barban C. , Ludwig H.-G. 
Published: January 2020

Context. The advent of space-borne missions has substantially increased the number and quality of the measured power spectrum of solar-like oscillators. It now allows for the p-mode line profiles to be resolved and facilitates an estimation of their asymmetry. The fact that this asymmetry can be measured for a variety of stars other than the Sun calls for a revisiting of acoustic mode asymmetry modelling. This asymmetry has been shown to be related to a highly localised source of stochastic driving in layers just beneath the surface. However, existing models assume a very simplified, point-like source of excitation. Furthermore, mode asymmetry could also be impacted by a correlation between the acoustic noise and the oscillating mode. Prior studies have modelled this impact, but only in a parametrised fashion, which deprives them of their predictive power.
Aims. In this paper, we aim to develop a predictive model for solar radial p-mode line profiles in the velocity spectrum. Unlike the approach favoured by prior studies, this model is not described by free parameters and we do not use fitting procedures to match the observations. Instead, we use an analytical turbulence model coupled with constraints extracted from a 3D hydrodynamic simulation of the solar atmosphere. We then compare the resulting asymmetries with their observationally derived counterpart.
Methods. We model the velocity power spectral density by convolving a realistic stochastic source term with the Green’s function associated with the radial homogeneous wave equation. We compute the Green’s function by numerically integrating the wave equation and we use theoretical considerations to model the source term. We reconstruct the velocity power spectral density and extract the line profile of radial p-modes as well as their asymmetry.
Results. We find that stochastic excitation localised beneath the mode upper turning point generates negative asymmetry for ν <  νmax and positive asymmetry for ν >  νmax. On the other hand, stochastic excitation localised above this limit generates negative asymmetry throughout the p-mode spectrum. As a result of the spatial extent of the source of excitation, both cases play a role in the total observed asymmetries. By taking this spatial extent into account and using a realistic description of the spectrum of turbulent kinetic energy, both a qualitative and quantitative agreement can be found with solar observations performed by the GONG network. We also find that the impact of the correlation between acoustic noise and oscillation is negligible for mode asymmetry in the velocity spectrum.
Mismatch Negativity Occurrence with Verbal and Nonverbal Stimuli in Normal-Hearing Adults
Authors: Brückmann Mirtes , Garcia Michele Vargas 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction The mismatch negativity (MMN) is a long-latency auditory evoked potential related to a passive elicited auditory event.
Objective To verify the occurrence of MMN with different stimuli, to describe reference values in normal-hearing adults with verbal and nonverbal stimuli and to compare them with each other, besides analyzing the latency, area, and amplitude regarding gender and between the ears.
Method Normal-hearing individuals, aged between 18 and 59 years old, participated in the study. As inclusion criterion in the study, all of them underwent tone threshold audiometry, logoaudiometry, tympanometry, and the Dichotic Sentence Identification (DSI) test, and later the MMN with 4 different stimuli, being 2 verbal (da/ta and ba/di) and 2 nonverbal stimuli (750/1,000Hz and 750/4,000Hz), which are considered stimuli with low and high contrast.
Results A total of 90 individuals composed the sample, being 39 males and 51 females, with an average age of 26.9 years old. In the analysis of the latency, amplitude, and area of the four stimuli between the ears, they were not considered statistically different. There was a significant difference between all of the stimuli in terms of latency, amplitude and area, with the highest latency found in da/ta, and the greatest amplitude and area in ba/di. Regarding gender, there was only difference in the latency of the da/ta stimulus.
Conclusion The da/ta and 750/1,000Hz stimuli elicited the most MMN in the population of normal-hearing adults. Among the genders, there was difference only regarding the latency of the verbal stimulus da/ta, and there was no difference between the ears.
Thermography for the Diagnosis of Acute Inflammation in the Paranasal Sinus
Authors: Ishimaru Tadashi , Ishimaru Hitomi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction Although computed tomography scanning is the most common method for the diagnosis of sinusitis today, X-ray imaging is still used in outpatient clinics. Because X-ray imaging is beneficial for patients with severe sinusitis but not for those with mild sinusitis, an alternative method to visualize sinusitis without X-ray imaging is desirable.
Objective To study the possibility of using thermography to visualize sinusitis.
Methods In the present study, heat distribution on the faces of individuals with and without sinusitis was studied using thermography. Overall, 10 control subjects and 20 patients with sinusitis were included. Original thermography data were cropped, resized, and converted to relative thermography data based on the average temperature for visualization and statistical analysis.
Results The shape of the maxillary and/or frontal sinuses was determined based on regions indicating increased temperature in patients with sinusitis. The region with increasing temperature was statistically visualized, and the significant side (t test, p < 0.05) coincided with the maxillary shadow on X-ray imaging.
Conclusion Thermography demonstrates visually the correlation between the surface temperature of the face and inflammation patterns in the paranasal sinus. Therefore, our comparative study using thermography to visually differentiate individuals with and without sinusitis was effective, indicating that thermography is a possible alternative to X-ray imaging to detect sinusitis.
Factors Associated with Drain Output in Patients Undergoing to Parotidectomy
Authors: Iftikhar Haissan , Dhanani Rahim , Awan Sohail , Zahid Nida , Momin Sehrish Nizar Ali 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction Tumors of the parotid gland are heterogeneous. The purpose of the drain placement is to evacuate fluid that has a potential to accumulate in the dead space and cause infection after parotidectomy.
Objectives To evaluate the factors associated with drain output among patients submitted to parotidectomy.
Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 1994 to December 2014. Patients who underwent parotidectomy were included in the study. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with drain output.
Results A total of 193 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 46.3 years, and 57% of them were male. Length of surgery (β coefficient = 24.2; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 4.94–85.26), type of neck dissection (modified radical neck dissection: β = 93.9; 95% CI: 30.47–157.38; selective neck dissection: β = 79.9; 95%CI: 29.04–126.85), and type of parotidectomy (total β = 45.1; 95%CI: 4.94–85.26) were factors that significantly influenced drain output in patients submitted to parotidectomy with or without neck dissection.
Conclusion Neck dissection, total parotidectomy and length of surgery were predictors of postoperative neck drainage in our cohort. These factors can help predict postoperative neck drain output and help in patient counselling.
Pattern Recognition in Musculoskeletal Imaging Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Gorelik Natalia , Chong Jaron , Lin Dana J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to affect every step of the radiology workflow, but the AI application that has received the most press in recent years is image interpretation, with numerous articles describing how AI can help detect and characterize abnormalities as well as monitor disease response. Many AI-based image interpretation tasks for musculoskeletal (MSK) pathologies have been studied, including the diagnosis of bone tumors, detection of osseous metastases, assessment of bone age, identification of fractures, and detection and grading of osteoarthritis. This article explores the applications of AI for image interpretation of MSK pathologies.
Artificial Intelligence Explained for Nonexperts
Authors: Razavian Narges , Knoll Florian , Geras Krzysztof J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) has made stunning progress in the last decade, made possible largely due to the advances in training deep neural networks with large data sets. Many of these solutions, initially developed for natural images, speech, or text, are now becoming successful in medical imaging. In this article we briefly summarize in an accessible way the current state of the field of AI. Furthermore, we highlight the most promising approaches and describe the current challenges that will need to be solved to enable broad deployment of AI in clinical practice.
Collisionless electron cooling in a plasma thruster plume: experimental validation of a kinetic model
Authors: Merino Mario , Fajardo Pablo , Giono Gabriel , Ivchenko Nickolay , Gudmundsson Jón-Tómas , Mazouffre Stéphane , Loubère Dimitry , Dannenmayer Käthe 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A central challenge in the modeling of the near-collisionless expansion of a plasma thruster plume into vacuum is the inadequacy of traditional fluid closure relations for the electron species, such as isothermal or adiabatic laws, because the electron response in the plume is essentially kinetic and global. This work presents the validation of the kinetic plasma plume model presented in (Merino et al 2018 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
27 035013) against the experimental plume measurements of a SPT-100-ML Hall thruster running on xenon presented in (Giono et al 2018 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
27 015006). The model predictions are compared against the experimentally-determined axial profiles of electric potential, electron density, and electron temperature, and the radial electric potential profile, for 6 different test cases, in the far expansion region between 0.5 and 1.5 m away from the thruster exit. The model shows good agreement with the experimental data and the error is within the experimental uncertainty. The extrapolation of the model to the thruster exit plane and far downstream is consistent with the expected trends with varying discharge voltage and mass flow rate. The lumped-model value of the polytropic cooling exponent γ is similar for all test cases and varies in the range 1.26–1.31.
Experimental study of the elastic scattering of 10Be on 208Pb at the energy of around three times the Coulomb barrier *
Authors: Duan Fang-Fang , Yang Yan-Yun , Pang Dan-Yang , Hu Bi-Tao , Wang Jian-Song , Wang Kang , Yang Guo , Guimarães Valdir , Ma Peng , Xu Shi-Wei , Liu Xing-Quan , Ma Jun-Bing , Bai Zhen , Hu Qiang , Jin Shu-Ya , Sun Xin-Xin , Yao Jia-Sheng , Qi Hang-Kai , Sun Zhi-Yu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Elastic scattering of 10Be on a 208Pb target was measured at

= 127 MeV, which corresponds to three times the Coulomb barrier. The secondary 10Be beam was produced at the Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou of the Heavy-Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou. The angular distribution of elastic scattering in the 10Be + 208Pb system shows a typical Fresnel diffraction peak. Optical model analysis of the angular distribution was performed using the Woods-Saxon, double-folding and global potentials. With the global potential, different density distributions were used. The results indicate that different density distributions for the projectile induce distinct effects in the angular distribution.
Multi-quasiparticle excitations of 91Ru *
Authors: Zheng Yong , France G. de , Zhou Xiao-Hong , Huang Shan , Liu Min-Liang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The level structure in neutron-deficient nucleus 91Ru was investigated via the 58Ni (36Ar, 2p1n

) 91Ru reaction at a beam energy of 111 MeV. Charged particles, neutrons, and

-rays were emitted in this reaction and detected by the DIAMANT CsI ball, Neutron Wall, and the EXOGAM Ge clover array, respectively. In addition to the previously reported levels in 91Ru, new low-to-medium spin states were observed. Angular correlation and linear polarization measurements were performed to unambiguously determine spins and parities of the excited states in 91Ru. The low-spin states of 91Ru exhibit a scheme of multi-quasiparticle excitations, which is very similar to that of the neighboring

isotone. These excitations have been interpreted in terms of the shell model. The calculations performed in the configuration space

reproduce the experimental excitation energies reasonably well, supporting the interpretation of the newly assigned positive-parity states in terms of the three quasiparticle configurations

and

.
A systematical study of the chiral magnetic effects at the RHIC and LHC energies *
Authors: Chen Bang-Xiang , Feng Sheng-Qin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Considering the magnetic field response of the QGP medium, we perform a systematical study of the chiral magnetic effect (CME), and make a comparison with the experimental results for the background-subtracted correlator H at the energies of the RHIC Beam Energy Scan (BES) and the LHC energy. The CME signals from our computations show a centrality trend and beam energy dependence that are qualitatively consistent with the experimental measurements of the charge dependent correlations. The time evolution of the chiral electromagnetic current at the RHIC and LHC energies is systematically studied. The dependence of the time-integrated current signal on the beam energy

with different centralities is investigated. Our phenomenological analysis shows that the time-integrated electromagnetic current is maximal near the collision energy

GeV . The qualitative trend of the induced electromagnetic current is in agreement with the CME experimental results at the RHIC and LHC energies.
The Δ mass dependence of the Mmatrix and its influence on the

cross-sections *
Authors: Cui Ying , Zhang Ying-Xun , Li Zhu-Xia 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The

mass dependence of the Mmatrix and its influence on the

cross-sections are investigated in the one-boson exchange model. Our calculations show that the

mass dependence of the momentum of the outgoing

and the M matrix affects the calculations of

, especially around the threshold energy.
Weak deflection angle of extended uncertainty principle black holes *
Authors: Kumaran Yashmitha , Övgün Ali 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We discuss the effects of quantum fluctuations spewed by a black hole on its deflection angle. The Gauss-Bonnet theorem (GBT) is exploited with quantum corrections through the extended uncertainty principle (EUP), and the corresponding deflection angle is obtained. Moreover, we have attempted to broaden the scope of our work by subsuming the effects of plasma medium on the deflection angle. To demonstrate the degree of difference, the acquired results are compared with the prevailing findings.
Effect of Fe doping on the electrical properties of BaTiO3 crystalline materials at room temperature
Authors: Triyono D , Betria B , Laysandra H 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this study, we report the room temperature electrical properties of BaFexTi1-x O3 (x = 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6) crystalline materials. The materials were synthesized via a solid-state reaction. The structural properties were investigated via X-ray diffraction, showing a hexagonal perovskite structure with the P63/m space group. The room temperature electrical properties were characterized using impedance spectroscopy. The impedance data indicate a decreasing of ferroelectric behavior and the appearance of ferromagnetic behavior. The frequency spectra of the impedance show the presence of electrical relaxation in the materials, the extent of which depends on the Fe content. Doping BaTiO3 with Fe reduces the relaxation time in the system.
Analysis of optical and structural properties of Ti-doped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by co-precipitation method
Authors: Darmadi I , Taufik A , Saleh R 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this study, we used the co-precipitation method to synthesize Ti-doped ZnO nanoparticles having different Ti contents. We then used energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to perform an elemental analysis, which revealed that the Ti content varied in its atomic percentages from 5 at.%, 7 at.%, and 12 at.% to 16 at.%. We characterized the structural properties of the prepared samples using X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy and found Ti-doped ZnO to have an anatase structure in which the lattice parameters a = b and c decrease from 3.251 and 5.213 Å to 3.254 and 5.203 Å, respectively, when the Ti content increased from 5 at.% to 16 at.%. We also found the grain size of Fe-doped TiO2 to decrease from 12 nm to 10 nm with increasing Ti content. We characterized the molecular vibration of the samples using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and the optical properties using UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The results show the band-gap energy of Ti-doped ZnO to decrease from 3.20 eV to 3.12 eV. We tested the photocatalytic activity of Ti-doped ZnO in the degradation of methylene blue from the aqueous solution under UV light irradiation and found the photocatalyst Ti-doped ZnO to have good degradation ability, with a degradation percentage of approximately 80 %.
Relationships pattern of social media addiction level to morality level, apathetic level and academic score
Authors: Ralasari I , Setiadi R , Soemartojo S M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Social media addiction is a situation where student uses social media until they do not have time or willingness to do anything else. Social media addictions have already influenced teenagers in many countries including the students at XYZ high school. Social media addiction can affect morality level of the students because of the contents appeared in the social media. They can be influenced by the chatting, pictures and others things when they use social media. The value in the social media is not always good. Sometimes it contains violence, infidelity, drugs, pornography etc. These things are dangerous for the morality of the students. Other than that, social media addiction causes student’s apathetic level will be increased. Students are very interested to chat in social media and do not care of others. Beside it, the students tend to have low academic score because they use their time more to use media social. All of these are very dangerous to the future of the students. Because of these reasons, the writer wants to know the pattern of relationship between social media addiction and morality level, apathetic level and academic score. These variables are latent variables so the data analysis will use partial least square method to solve the problem. The findings of the data analyses show that social media addiction level affect academic score and apathetic level of students in XYZ high school and the morality level affects students’ academic score in XYZ high school.
Modeling the relationship of factors that shaped student’s loyalty
Authors: Haqka E F , Setiadi R , Siswantining T 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Student’s loyalty is the intention and behaviour of students that shows devotion to the institution by contributing to expand it. Having loyal students can increase the reputation and number of applicants because loyal students promote the institution from mouth to mouth. Even when they have graduated, they would still support their institution financially or in the form of collaborations. These contribute to the long-term development and the longevity of the institution. This study is made to find out about the factors that influence the level of student’s loyalty. 233 samples are gathered using complex sampling. Students in their second to third year are chosen, then they are stratified by department and random sampling is done under each stratum. From the result that uses the method Partial least square (PLS) path modelling, it shows factors that influence student’s loyalty respectively from the ones with the greatest influence are student’s satisfaction, student’s affective commitment, social environment quality, image and reputation perception, student’s perceived value, student’s trust, social integration, instructor quality, and administration quality.