bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progressing Flexion Deformity of the Middle, Ring, and Small Fingers With a Rare Congenital Anatomic Difference of Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Authors: Li Hui , Guan Shibing 
Published: January 2020

Background:
A flexion deformity caused by a congenital anomaly of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) of the middle, ring, and small fingers is extremely rare, and it has previously been described only in isolated case reports. Hence, there has been no consensus with regard to the clinical presentation, etiology, and treatment.

Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed our 10 cases (5 male individuals and 5 female individuals) for congenital FDP abnormalities. We obtained radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging on our patients. Nerve studies were performed in 7 of 10 patients, except for 3 patients below 5 years of age who were unable to co-operate. We used the grading criteria (Wang classification) to evaluate the restricted extension of the affected fingers and the active flexion function. An abnormal fibrous cord was seen intraoperatively in the proximal part of the belly of the FDP that was destined for the affected fingers. It originated from a bony prominence on the proximal part of the ulna. On resection of the aberrant cord, extension of the affected fingers was immediately improved. Pathologic examination of the removed aberrant cord revealed dense fibrous connective tissue.

Results:
Nerve conduction studies and electromyography revealed that there was no substantial damage to the median and/or ulnar nerves. Plain radiography revealed no bone or joint anomalies. Computed tomography showed a slight bony prominence at the proximal part of the ulna. However, magnetic resonance imaging indicated a demonstrably abnormal fibrous cord in the FDP that originated from a bony prominence at the proximal part of the ulna and extended toward the middle, ring, and small fingers. On the basis of the Wang classification criteria for functional evaluation, 7 were moderate, and 3 were severe. Patients were followed-up for 2 to 36 months with a mean follow-up of 16 months. The postoperative outcomes were excellent in 8 cases and fair in 2 cases. The flexion and extension functions were regained, and there was no relapse of deformity.

Conclusion:
On the basis of its pathologic features, we recommend that this condition be treated by resection of the abnormal cord.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: An Examination of Care Practices of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgeons in North America
Authors: Taylor Isabel K. , Burlile Jessica F. , Schaeffer Emily K. , Geng Xue , Habib Eva , Mulpuri Kishore , Shea Kevin G. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common condition, affecting 1% to 2% of full-term infants. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) and American Academy of Pediatrics have published guidelines detailing best practices for DDH screening and treatment. The purpose of this survey was to determine DDH treatment practices of pediatric orthopaedic surgeons in North America.

Methods:
We queried orthopaedic surgeon members of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America (POSNA) about referral patterns, treatment practices, and use of DDH guidelines. The survey included demographics, clinical scenarios, referrals patterns, and ultrasound practices.

Results:
Of the 1392 members of POSNA, we received 432 total responses and included 353 in statistical analyses. Results show that 68% (233/342) of surgeons practice in an institution that does not endorse a standard care pathway for DDH. Of surgeons who personally use a DDH care pathway, the AAOS guidelines were most cited (143/353, 41%). The majority (94%, 316/337) of surgeons do not believe that universal ultrasound screening should be adopted in the United States. Responses regarding ultrasound screening for “high risk” infants as outlined by AAOS varied based on risk factor. Many (57%, 200/353) surgeons have performed initial evaluations for patients over 12 months of age. While 80% (260/327) of orthopaedic surgeons believe that primary care providers are referring patients appropriately, only 57% (183/323) believe that primary care providers are ordering imaging studies appropriately.

Conclusions:
Results from this survey of POSNA membership indicate an opportunity to better distribute and implement DDH guidelines. In addition, the implementation of a care map with a focus on standard referral and imaging practices could improve the care of patients with DDH by: (1) reducing the total cost of care, (2) increasing the use of appropriate imaging, (3) increasing timely referral for DDH care, and (4) reducing the presentation rate of walking age DDH patients.

Level of Evidence:
The level of evidence rating for this survey-based study is level IV.
Iron deficiency in heart failure: getting to the guidelines
Authors: Lavoie Andrea J. 
Published: January 2020

Purpose of review
Iron deficiency is a common condition affecting approximately 50% of patients with heart failure. The purpose of this review is to explore the impact of iron deficiency on patients’ quality of life and outcomes. Moreover, how intravenous replacement, even in the absence of anemia, can improve these outcomes.

Recent findings
The role of iron deficiency anemia has long been a part of assessing reversible and treatable contributors to patients’ symptoms in heart failure. Recent studies have demonstrated how vital identifying not only anemic patients but those who are iron deficient without anemia, may allow us to impact their quality of life by several different measures. The latter appears to be the case not only for reduced ejection fraction but also impacts patients with preserved ejection fraction who have very few other modalities which improve symptoms.

Summary
Iron deficiency in heart failure is common, and with improvements in diagnosis and management, it has led to a better understanding of the importance of iron deficiency in cardiac failure and function.
Glaucoma screening: where are we and where do we need to go?
Authors: Tan Nicholas Y.Q. , Friedman David S. , Stalmans Ingeborg , Ahmed Iqbal Ike K. , Sng Chelvin C.A. 
Published: January 2020

Purpose of review
Current recommendations for glaucoma screening are decidedly neutral. No studies have yet documented improved long-term outcomes for individuals who undergo glaucoma screening versus those who do not. Given the long duration that would be required to detect a benefit, future studies that may answer this question definitively are unlikely. Nevertheless, advances in artificial intelligence and telemedicine will lead to more effective screening at lower cost. With these new technologies, additional research is needed to determine the costs and benefits of screening for glaucoma.

Recent findings
Using optic disc photographs and/or optical coherence tomography, deep learning systems appear capable of diagnosing glaucoma more accurately than human graders. Eliminating the need for expert graders along with better technologies for remote imaging of the ocular fundus will allow for less expensive screening, which could enable screening of individuals with otherwise limited healthcare access. In India and China, where most glaucoma remains undiagnosed, glaucoma screening was recently found to be cost-effective.

Summary
Recent advances in artificial intelligence and telemedicine have the potential to increase the accuracy, reduce the costs, and extend the reach of screening. Further research into implementing these technologies in glaucoma screening is required.
The expression of Th9 and Th22 cells in rats with cerebral palsy after hUC-MSC transplantation
Authors: Niu Xia , Xu Xiaoyan , Luo Zhihua , Wu De , Tang Jiulai 
Published: January 2020

Background:
This study aimed to investigate the expression of Th9 and Th22 cells in rats with cerebral palsy (CP) after human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC) transplantation.

Methods:
First, hUC-MSCs were isolated from fresh umbilical cords and identified. Rats were divided into the normal group, CP group, and hUC-MSC transplantation group. The Morris water maze and balance beam tests were performed to evaluate the neurobehavioral ability of the rats. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-9, and IL-22 in rat brain tissues were detected by ELISA. Th9 and Th22 proportions in brain tissues were detected by flow cytometric analysis. The mRNA levels of IL-9, IL-22, PU.1, and AHR in brain tissues were determined by qRT-PCR.

Results:
hUC-MSC transplantation enhanced the neurobehavioral ability of CP rats. Furthermore, Th9 and Th22 proportions were decreased in brain tissues from CP rats after hUC-MSC transplantation. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), Th9-related IL-9 and PU.1, and Th22-related IL-22 and AHR were markedly higher in brain tissues from CP rats than in brain tissues from control rats, but their levels were significantly decreased after hUC-MSC transplantation.

Conclusion:
Our data indicate that Th9 and Th22 proportions are decreased in CP rats after hUC-MSC transplantation.
One-year outcomes of a suture-less laparoscopic sacral hysteropexy using polypropylene Y-mesh grafts and fibrin sealant spray: A prospective comparative study
Authors: Tsai Ching-Pei , Kao Hui-Fen , Liu Chih-Ku , Shen Pao-sheng , Chen Ming-Jer , Hung Man-Jung 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Laparoscopic sacral hysteropexy (SH) is a minimally invasive and effective treatment for uterovaginal prolapse in women who wish to retain the uterus. However, this procedure is limited by a steep learning curve and a long operating time. In this study, we aim to evaluate the surgical outcomes of a modified laparoscopic SH procedure using innovative methods of vaginal mesh attachment, which we hypothesized to be equally effective and time-saving.

Methods:
This was a prospective, parallel, comparative study conducted at a tertiary referral hospital. A total of 34 women with advanced (POPQ [Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification] stages ≧ 2) uterine prolapse, who underwent a laparoscopic SH procedure using lightweight polypropylene Y-mesh grafts (ALYTE), were studied. In half (n = 17) of the cases, fibrin sealant spray (TISSEEL) was applied to the meshes fixed at the anterior and posterior vaginal wall with fewer (six vs at least ten) sutures. A detailed comparison of one-year outcomes between groups was performed.

Results:
Patient characteristics and perioperative results were comparable between groups with the exception of a significantly shorter total operating time (247.0 vs 292.9 minutes, p = 0.04) noted in the fibrin group. At 1 year, anatomic success (POPQ stage ≦1) rates (76.5% vs 76.5%) were not different between groups. There were eight patients, with four in each group, who had surgical failure. Notably, most (7/8; 87.5%) surgical failures were at the anterior compartment (i.e, recurrent cystocele). No vaginal mesh extrusions were noted. After statistical analysis, we found “cystocele as the dominant prolapse before operation” was a significant predisposing factor for prolapse recurrence (p = 0.019; odds ratio = 8.04).

Conclusion:
The modified laparoscopic SH procedure using Y-mesh grafts and fibrin sealant spray with fewer vaginal sutures was equally effective as conventional methods but saved time. Laparoscopic SH using Y-mesh grafts might not be as effective in repairing a concomitant dominant cystocele.
Glaucoma assessment in high myopic eyes using optical coherence tomography with long axial length normative database
Authors: Chang Yu-Fan , Ko Yu-Chieh , Hsu Chih-Chien , Chen Mei-Ju , Liu Catherine Jui-Ling 
Published: January 2020

Background:
We investigated the performance of glaucoma assessment using RS-3000 spectral domain optical coherence tomography with a long axial length (AL) normative database versus Cirrus HD-OCT in eyes with high myopia.

Methods:
This is a prospective case–control study. Eyes with AL ≥26 mm were enrolled, including 40 control eyes and 41 eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma. Each participant received OCT imaging with both devices at the same visit. We calculated the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) parameters, and compared the false-positive and false-negative rates between the two devices.

Results:
Both devices performed comparably well in glaucoma assessment regarding cpRNFL parameters, with the best parameter being the average cpRNFL for RS-3000 (AUROC: 0.899) and the clock-hour 7 cpRNFL for Cirrus HD (AUROC: 0.912). Regarding macular GCC parameters, although the nasal-inferior outer sector of the RS-3000 (AUROC 0.873) and the inferior-temporal sector of the Cirrus HD (AUROC 0.840) performed well in glaucoma assessment, generally speaking there was a higher false-positive rate using Cirrus HD when compared with that of RS-3000.

Conclusion:
For eyes with long AL, both OCT devices are comparable in the ability of discriminating glaucoma from non-glaucoma in terms of cpRNFL parameters, while the macular GCC parameters of RS-3000 were less likely to over-diagnose glaucoma in highly myopic eyes.
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in Rural Women
Authors: Alreshidi Bader G. , Kalman Melanie , Wells Margaret , Fahs Pamela Stewart 
Published: January 2020

Background
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in most countries. Lack of awareness of the impact CVD has on women is a continuing problem. Rural women are at a great risk for CVD and have specific barriers to early recognition and to access to treatment.

Objective
The purpose of this systematic review was to identify how the state of the science for rural women and CVD has progressed over the last decade.

Methods
Searches were conducted using the databases Cochrane, PubMed, and CINAHL with 5 major subject headings. The search resulted in the identification of 571 articles. Specific exclusion criteria resulted in an in-depth review of 15 articles. Two of the authors reviewed each article for scientific merit and interrater reliability.

Results
Most studies were conducted in the United States (67%). Four studies focused on CVD knowledge; one, on physical activity; one, on diet plus other factors; one, on the effect of dried curry leaf powder and cucumber slices on hyperlipidemia; and one each, on waist circumference, exposure to smoke from wood stoves, and social support. Five of the 15 studies focused on more than 1 component, most on diet and physical activity.

Conclusions
Depth in a body of knowledge on any 1 topic, such as the most efficacious means to decrease CVD risk factors in rural women and increase health promotion activities in the population, is lacking. Another area of concern is the lack of research articles published in cardiovascular journals that include CVD in rural women.
Self-reported and Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity in Children With Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Cunningham Chentel , Spence John C. , Stearns Jodie A. , Carson Valerie , Kantor Paul F. , Urschel Simon , Conway Jennifer 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
Children with cardiomyopathy are at risk of heart failure with reduced physical activity (PA) as a cardinal manifestation. Clinical assessment of PA in children is challenging due to the limited validity of subjective reports. The aim of the study was to compare accelerometery measurement with parental report and to identify factors associated with movement behavior (PA, sedentary time, steps per day).

Method
Fifteen patients with cardiomyopathy (mean, 9.7 years; 64% male) were asked to wear an Actigraph GT3X accelerometer in Edmonton, Canada. Demographics, clinical characteristics, parental-reported PA, and health-related quality of life data were also collected.

Results
Participants engaged in a median of 38 minutes of moderate-vigorous PA per day with higher levels in boys versus girls (73.9 [25.03, 78.91] vs 4.13 [2.53, 37.67] minutes, P = .03). Children participating in recreational sports showed a higher level of moderate-vigorous PA (73.92 min/d) compared with those who did not participate (73.9 vs 22.7 min/d, P = .05), and positive family outlook on the child's health was associated with less sedentary time (P = .04).

Conclusion
Accelerometer measurement in children with cardiomyopathy is an achievable and more objective measure of PA compared with parental report alone and highlighted low levels of PA among these children.
Two HEmostasis Methods After TransradIal Catheterization
Authors: dos Santos Simone Marques , Wainstein Rodrigo Vugman , Valle Felipe Homem , Corrêa Camille Lacerda , Aliti Graziella Badin , Ruschel Karen Brasil , Gonçalves Sandro Cadaval , Wainstein Marco Vugman , Rabelo-Silva Eneida Rejane 
Published: January 2020

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 2 hemostasis devices on the incidence of radial artery occlusion (RAO) after transradial cardiac catheterization.

Background
Radial artery occlusion is the most prevalent ischemic complication after radial artery catheterization. There is still no predictive pattern of vessel patency assessment, and the comparative effectiveness of different hemostasis techniques has yet to be established.

Methods
This study used a randomized clinical trial of adult patients undergoing transradial cardiac catheterization. Participants were randomized into an intervention group (hemostasis with the TR Band device) and a control group (hemostasis with a conventional pressure dressing). The primary end point was the incidence of RAO (at discharge and at 30 days post catheterization).

Results
Among the 600 patients included (301 in the intervention group and 299 controls), immediate RAO occurred in 24 (8%) in the TR Band group and 19 (6%) in the pressure-dressing group; at 30 days, RAO was present in 5 patients (5%) in the TR Band group and 7 (6%) in the pressure-dressing group. On multivariate analysis, peripheral vascular disease was the only independent predictor of RAO at discharge and at 30 days. Conclusions
The incidence of RAO was similar in patients who received hemostasis with a TR Band versus a pressure dressing after transradial cardiac catheterization.
Functional Capacity and Life Satisfaction in Older Adult Residents Living in Long-Term Care Facilities: The Mediator of Autonomy
Authors: LIU Li-Hsing , KAO Chia-Chan , YING Jeremy C. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT

Background
Although relationships among functional capacity, autonomy, and life satisfaction have been identified, little is known about how the mechanism of autonomy mediates functional capacity and life satisfaction in older adult residents of long-term care (LTC) facilities.

Purpose
The objectives of the study were to examine the relationship between functional capacity and life satisfaction in older adult residents living in LTC facilities and to test the extent to which autonomy mediated that relationship.

Methods
A cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted with a convenience sample. Two hundred twenty-eight participants were recruited from 10 LTC facilities in Kaohsiung City. Four structured instruments were used to collect data: the life satisfaction questionnaire, the Chinese version of Perceived Enactment Autonomy Scale, the Barthel Activity Daily Living Index, and a personal profile datasheet. Descriptive statistics, t tests, analysis of variance, Pearson correlations, and both simple and hierarchical linear regression models were analyzed.

Results
Positive associations between life satisfaction and functional capacity (r = .183, p = .003) and autonomy (r = .469, p < .001) were identified. Autonomy and functional capacity were significantly correlated (
r = .278, p < .001). After controlling for autonomy, the beta values reduced from .193 (p = .003) to .08 (p > .05), and the explained variance reduced from 3.7% to 0.1% between functional capacity and life satisfaction. The results indicate that autonomy is significant as a mediator.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice
To improve the life satisfaction of older adult residents of LTC facilities, facility managers and staff should develop a self-support program that encourages older adult residents to participate in physical activities and maintain autonomy.
Distinguishing atypical chronic myeloid leukemia from other Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Sadigh Sam , Hasserjian Robert P. , Hobbs Gabriela 
Published: January 2020

Purpose of review
Atypical chronic myeloid leukemia (aCML), BCR-ABL1-negative, is a rare myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm (MDS/MPN) characterized by leukocytosis, granulocytic dysplasia, and typically poor patient outcomes. Since its first description as a variant CML lacking the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), the diagnostic criteria for aCML have evolved significantly. Nevertheless, distinguishing it from other Ph-negative myeloid neoplasms can still be very challenging, and given its generally worse prognosis, this is a clinically important distinction. The purpose of this review is to conceptualize our understanding of aCML molecular genetics based on recent advances, and describe how genetic features can be used in conjunction with clinical and morphologic features to better diagnose this elusive entity.

Recent findings
The classification criteria for aCML have evolved and changed multiple times over the past decades, and is now based on strict application of morphologic, clinical and laboratory criteria. Recent work has elucidated the mutational landscape of aCML, especially with respect to potentially differentiating profiles compared with other Ph-negative myeloid neoplasms.

Summary
Atypical CML is a rare MDS/MPN overlap syndrome that can be diagnostically challenging; however, its emerging molecular genetic understanding and clinicomorphologic phenotype can help in distinguishing it from other Ph-negative myeloid neoplasms.
Brief Report: Linking Depressive Symptoms to Viral Nonsuppression Among Women With HIV Through Adherence Self-Efficacy and ART Adherence
Authors: Crockett Kaylee B. , Entler Kristin J. , Brodie Emilee , Kempf Mirjam-Colette , Konkle-Parker Deborah , Wilson Tracey E. , Tien Phyllis C. , Wingood Gina , Neilands Torsten B. , Johnson Mallory O. , Weiser Sheri D. , Turan Janet M. , Turan Bulent 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Depression plays a key role in suboptimal HIV outcomes, possibly mediated by adherence self-efficacy beliefs and antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence behavior. Applying social-cognitive theory, we examined a longitudinal sequential path model of the association between depressive symptoms and viral nonsuppression in women with HIV (WWH) through these mediating mechanisms.

Methods:
This was an observational longitudinal study using data from the Women's Adherence and Visit Engagement substudy of the Women's Interagency HIV Study. WWH (N = 375) completed measures of depressive symptoms, adherence self-efficacy, and ART adherence. Viral load was measured through blood draw. We examined a longitudinal sequential path model spanning 3 time points at least 6 months apart between 2015 and 2017. Indirect effects were assessed of depressive symptoms at time 1 (T1) on viral nonsuppression at T3 through adherence self-efficacy at T2 and ART adherence at T3. Covariates included age, income, recreational drug use, race, and months on ART.

Results:
Depressive symptoms were associated with subsequent viral nonsuppression through its association with adherence self-efficacy and ART adherence [indirect effect: adjusted odds ratio = 1.004, 95% confidence interval: (1.001 to 1.008)]. Months on ART and recreational drug use were also significantly associated with viral nonsuppression at T3.

Conclusions:
Our findings support depressive symptoms' association with adherence self-efficacy that in turn lead to suboptimal ART adherence and ultimately to viral nonsuppression for WWH. Tailoring of interventions aimed at addressing depressive symptoms, substance use, and adherence self-efficacy among WWH is needed to help close the gap between ART prescription and viral suppression on the HIV care continuum.