bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remote monitoring for better management of LVAD patients: the potential benefits of CardioMEMS
Authors: Veenis Jesse F. , Brugts Jasper J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLeft ventricular assist devices (LVAD) are frequently used in the treatment of end-stage heart failure (HF), and due to the shortage of heart donors and destination programs, it is likely to keep on growing. Still, LVAD therapy is not without complications and morbidity and rehospitalization rates are high. New ways to improve LVAD care both from the side of the patient and the physician are warranted. Remote monitoring could be a tool to tailor treatment in these patients, as no feedback exists at all about patient functioning on top of the static pump parameters. We aim to provide an overview and evaluation of the novel remote monitoring strategies to optimize LVAD management and elaborate on the opportunities of remote hemodynamic monitoring with CardioMEMS, at home in these patients as the next step to improve care.
SEOM clinical guideline of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and cancer (2019)
Authors: Muñoz Martín A. J. , Gallardo Díaz E. , García Escobar I. , Macías Montero R. , Martínez-Marín V. , Pachón Olmos V. , Pérez Segura P. , Quintanar Verdúguez T. , Salgado Fernández M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn 2011, the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) first published a clinical guideline of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and cancer. This guideline was updated in 2014, and since then, multiple studies and clinical trials have changed the landscape of the treatment and prophylaxis of VTE in cancer patients. To incorporate the most recent evidence, including data from direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) randomized clinical trials, SEOM presents a new update of the guideline.
Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater: a case diagnosed via repeated biopsies
Authors: Ikeda Chisaki , Makino Naohiko , Matsuda Akiko , Kakizaki Yasuharu , Ishizawa Tetsuya , Kobayashi Toshikazu , Sugahara Shinpei , Nishiduka Mayo , Tsunoda Michihiko , Haga Junichiroh , Tsunoda Rikiya , Ueno Yoshiyuki 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSignet-ring cell carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater is a rare tumor. A 74-year-old woman presented with epigastric pain and was diagnosed with cholangitis. Her liver enzyme levels were elevated. Computed tomography showed an enhanced area in the periampullary region and marked common bile duct dilatation. On endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), the ampulla exhibited a normal appearance without ulcer or mass. Histological biopsy confirmed the absence of malignancy. During follow-up, the patient again presented with acute cholangitis multiple times and underwent ERCP each time. The ampulla had the appearance of a reddish and erosive mucosa. Although biopsy was repeated, histological examination did not show any malignancy. After a total of 13 biopsies, the patient was diagnosed with ampullary carcinoma of non-exposed protruded type following the third ERC-guided biopsy. Careful follow-up and frequent endoscopic biopsies are important in cases of papillary carcinoma of non-exposed protruded type with normal ampullary mucosa on initial endoscopy because this condition is challenging to diagnose with a single biopsy.
Evaluation efficiency of Iranian natural zeolites and synthetic resin to removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions
Authors: Moazeni Malihe , Parastar Saeed , Mahdavi Mokhtar , Ebrahimi Afshin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHeavy metal such as Pb2+ (lead ions) has high toxicity potential, and it can be dangerous for public health and environment. The ion exchange process is one of the methods that can be used for Pb2+ removal from aqueous solutions. The aim of this study was to investigate the removal efficiency of Pb2+ from the synthetic aqueous solutions using Iranian natural zeolite (INZ) (Clinoptilolite) in comparison with a synthetic resin (SR). In this study, the removal of Pb2+ from aqueous solution investigated by INZ and synthetic resin under different experimental conditions. Parameters like initial Pb2+ concentration, contact times, adsorbent dosage, pH and size particles of INZ, and best-fitted isotherm were studied. The results showed that the most removal efficiency of Pb2+ with INZ was obtained at pH 3–5, contact time 15–60 min, adsorbent dosage 20–50 g/L, Pb2+ initial concentration 25 mg/L, and the removal efficiency was increased with decreasing INZ particle size. The high removal of Pb2+ with SR was at pH 4–6, for 25 mg/L initial Pb2+ concentration at 15–60 min and 5–10 g/L SR. Isotherms study with ISOFT software indicates that the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms expression provides the best fit for Pb2+ sorption by INZ and SR, respectively. This study indicated that for Pb2+ ion removal, the SR was more efficient than INZ for high concentration solutions; however, in low concentration of Pb2+, the removal efficiency was approximately equal.
Recreation of Voltage Fluctuation Using Basic Parameters Measured in the Power Grid
Authors: Kuwalek Piotr , Jesko Waldemar 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe article presents the preliminary research results on recreating the envelope using the basic parameters measured in the power grid. Six novel algorithms were presented. The quality of proposed algorithms was verified based on the short-term flicker indicator Pst and instantaneous flicker Pinst. Probability theory was used in some of the presented algorithms, considering the random operation of real sources of voltage fluctuations. At the beginning of the article an introduction containing the essence of the discussed issues is presented. Next, description of the basic measured parameters in the power grid are presented, being the input data of the tested algorithms. The subsequent part presents the operation of individual algorithms, the correctness of which was verified by laboratory studies and numerical simulations. In addition, the operation of the proposed algorithms for real measurements made for the wastewater pumping station supply circuit is also presented. The metrological interpretation of the results obtained from the numerical simulation and experimental research is discussed, and the conclusions are presented.
The double burden of overnutrition and undernutrition in mother−child dyads in Kenya: demographic and health survey data, 2014
Authors: Masibo Peninah Kinya , Humwa Felix , Macharia Teresia Njoki 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe double burden of overnutrition and undernutrition is rapidly becoming a public health concern in low- and middle-income countries. We explored the occurrence of mother−child pairs of over- and undernutrition and the contributing factors using the 2014 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey data. A weighted sample of 7830 mother−child pairs was analysed. The children's nutritional status was determined using the WHO 2006 reference standards while maternal nutritional status was determined with BMI. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted. The proportion of overweight and obese mothers was 26 % (18·8 % overweight and 7·2 % obese). The prevalence of child stunting, underweight and wasting was 26·3, 12·8 and 5·1 %, respectively. Out of the overweight/obese mothers (weightedn2034), 20 % had stunted children, 5·4 % underweight children and 3·1 % wasted children. Overweight/obese mother−stunted child pairs and overweight/obese mother−underweight child pairs were less likely to occur in the rural areas (adjusted OR (aOR) = 0·43;P< 0·01) in comparison with those residing in the urban areas (aOR = 0·54;P= 0·01). Children aged more than 6 months were more likely to be in the double burden dyads compared with children below 6 months of age (P< 0·01). The double burden mother−child dyads were more likely to be observed in wealthier households. Mother−child double burden is a notable public health problem in Kenya. Household wealth and urban residence are determinants of the double burden. There is need for target-specific interventions to simultaneously address child undernutrition and maternal overweight/obesity.
Ukraine’s First Ethnographic Map: Made in the Russian Empire
Authors: Kotenko Anton 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis article examines the first published ethnographic map of Ukraine, which appeared in Lviv in 1861. While carefully analyzing new archival and published sources from both the Habsburg and Romanov empires, it puts this map into the wider context of a contemporary Ukrainian national movement. I argue that Russian Ukrainian activists of 1860s were unquestionably interested in the extent of Ukrainian national territory and had handwritten maps of Ukrainian national territory in their possession. Contrary to the conventional narratives that the 1861 map was drawn in Lviv by Mykhailo Kossak, I argue instead that the map could have been produced by the Russian Ukrainian activist, Mykhailo Levchenko, and was later transferred to Galicia for publication. Stipulating the need to account for sources from both the Romanov and Habsburg empires—studying both cartographic and textual sources—I argue that similar studies should necessarily be located at the juncture of history of cartography and the intellectual history of mental mapping. Only such approach will provide an undistorted picture of a process of national territorialization.
Bounding the maximal size of independent generating sets of finite groups
Authors: Lucchini Andrea , Moscatiello Mariapia , Spiga Pablo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDenote by m(G) the largest size of a minimal generating set of a finite group G. We estimate m(G) in terms of $\sum _{p\in \pi (G)}d_p(G),$ where we are denoting by dp(G) the minimal number of generators of a Sylow p-subgroup of G and by π(G) the set of prime numbers dividing the order of G.
A Late Cretaceous felsic magmatic suite from the Tengchong Block, western Yunnan: integrated geochemical and isotopic investigation and implications for Sn mineralization
Authors: Sun Zhuanrong , Dong Guochen , Santosh M , Mo Xuanxue , Dong Pengsheng , Wang Weiqing , Fu Bin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Tengchong Block within the Sanjiang Tethys belt in the southeastern part of the Tibetan plateau experienced a widespread intrusion of a felsic magmatic suite of granites in its central domain during Late Cretaceous times. Here, we investigate the Guyong and Xiaolonghe plutons from this suite in terms of their petrological, geochemical, and Sr–Nd, zircon U–Pb and Lu–Hf–O isotopic features to gain insights into the evolution of the Neo-Tethys. The Guyong pluton (76 Ma) is composed of metaluminous monzogranites, and the Xiaolonghe pluton (76 Ma) is composed of metaluminous to peraluminous medium- and fine-grained syenogranite. A systematic decrease in Eu, Ba, Sr, P and Ti concentrations; a decrease in Zr/Hf and LREE/HREE ratios; and an increase in the Rb/Ba and Ta/Nb ratios from the Guyong to Xiaolonghe plutons suggest fractional crystallization of biotite, plagioclase, K-feldspar, apatite, ilmenite and titanite. They also show the characteristics of I-type granites. The negative zircon εHf(t) isotopic values (−10.04 to −5.22) and high δ18O values (6.69 to 8.58 ‰) and the negative whole-rock εNd(t) isotopic values (−9.7 to −10.1) and high initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7098–0.7099) of the Guyong monzogranite suggest that these rocks were generated by partial melting of the Precambrian basement without mantle input. The zircon εHf(t) isotopic values (−10.63 to −3.04) and δ18O values (6.54 to 8.69 ‰) of the Xiaolonghe syenogranite are similar to the features of the Guyong monzogranite, and this similarity suggests a cogenetic nature and magma derivation from the lower crust that is composed of both metasedimentary and meta-igneous rocks. The Xiaolonghe fine-grained syenogranite shows an obvious rare earth element tetrad effect and lower Nb/Ta ratios, which indicate its productive nature with respect to ore formation. In fact, we discuss that the Sn mineralization in the region was possible due to Sn being scavenged from these rocks by exsolved hydrothermal fluids. We correlate the Late Cretaceous magmatism in the central Tengchong Block with the northward subduction of the Neo-Tethys beneath the Burma–Tengchong Block.
Short closed geodesics with self-intersections
Authors: ERLANDSSON VIVEKA , PARLIER HUGO 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOur main point of focus is the set of closed geodesics on hyperbolic surfaces. For any fixed integer k, we are interested in the set of all closed geodesics with at least k (but possibly more) self-intersections. Among these, we consider those of minimal length and investigate their self-intersection numbers. We prove that their intersection numbers are upper bounded by a universal linear function in k (which holds for any hyperbolic surface). Moreover, in the presence of cusps, we get bounds which imply that the self-intersection numbers behave asymptotically like k for growing k.
Sexual Expression in Alberta’s Continuing Care Homes: Capacity, Consent, and Co-decision-making
Authors: Brassolotto Julia , Howard Lisa , Manduca-Barone Alessandro 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIn this article, we explore the role of substitute decision-makers (SDMs) in matters of sexual expression for continuing care residents with diminished cognitive capacity. We examine how Alberta’s current use of SDMs can enable an “all-or-none” approach to competence, wherein a person either has capacity to make all decisions or is incapable of making any. Three factors facilitate an environment in which this approach can influence residents’ sexual expression. These include the wording of current legislation, lack of resources for SDMs, and relational dynamics between SDMs and care staff. We provide a critical review of existing legislation and empirical evidence of its challenges in practice. Though we focus on the Alberta context, there is reason to believe that similar issues persist in other Western jurisdictions. We offer several recommendations for how we can better support residents’ sexual autonomy in continuing care and avoid pitfalls of the “all-or-none” approach to competence.
Differential Item Functioning of the Everyday Cognition (ECog) Scales in Relation to Racial/Ethnic Groups
Authors: Filshtein Teresa , Chan Michelle , Mungas Dan , Whitmer Rachel , Fletcher Evan , DeCarli Charles , Farias Sarah 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjective:The Everyday Cognition (ECog) scales measure cognitively based across domains of everyday abilities that are affected early in the course of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. However, the degree to which the ECog may be differentially influenced by ethnic/racial background is unknown. This study evaluates measurement invariance of the ECog across non-Hispanic White (NHW), Black, and Hispanic individuals.Methods:Participants included 1177 NHW, 243 Black, and 216 Hispanic older adults from the UC Davis Alzheimer’s Disease Center Cohort who had an ECog. Differential item functioning (DIF) for each ECog domain was evaluated separately for Black and Hispanic participants compared to NHW participants. An iterative multiple group confirmatory factor analysis approach for ordinal scores was used to identify items whose measurement properties differed across groups and to adjust scores for DIF. Adjusted scores were then evaluated to test whether they were more strongly associated with cognitive function (concurrent and longitudinal change in cognition) and brain volumes (measured by brain imaging).Results:Varying levels, patterns, and impacts of DIF were found across domains and groups. However, the impact of DIF was relatively small, and DIF effects on scores generally were less than one-half standard error of measurement. There were no meaningful differences in associations with cognition and brain injury between DIF adjusted and unadjusted scores.Conclusions:Varying patterns of DIF were observed across the Black and Hispanic participants across select ECog domains. Overall, DIF effects were relatively small and did not change the relationship between the ECog and other indicators of disease.
Whole-blood PUFA and associations with markers of nutritional and health status in acutely malnourished children in Cambodia
Authors: Sigh Sanne , Lauritzen Lotte , Wieringa Frank T , Laillou Arnaud , Chamnan Chhoun , Angkeabos Nheb , Moniboth Duch , Berger Jacques , Stark Ken D , Roos Nanna 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjective:To measure fatty acid composition, particularly whole-blood PUFA content, in acutely malnourished children and identify associations with markers of nutritional and health status.Design:PUFA were assessed in dried blood spots obtained from a cross-sectional study. Nutritional and health status were assessed by anthropometry, haemoglobinopathies, inflammation and blood counts.Setting:Cambodia.Participants:The study was conducted with 174 children aged 0·5–18 years with acute malnutrition.Results:Among total fatty acids (FA), the relative percentage of total PUFA was 20 % FA, with 14 % of the children having very low PUFA (mead acid (MA):arachidonic acid (AA) >0·02,n-6 docosapentaenoic acid:DHA >0·2 and totaln-6:n-3 PUFA >10·5). Wasting was not associated with any PUFA. Stunting and low height were consistently positively associated with total PUFA and positively withn-6 PUFA. Height was positively associated withn-3 long-chain PUFA (LCPUFA). The presence of haemoglobinopathies or inflammation was positively associated with MA:AA, but not total PUFA. Elevated blood platelet counts were positively correlated with linoleic acid and appeared to be influenced by anaemia (P= 0·010) and inflammation (P= 0·002). Monocyte counts were high during inflammation (P= 0·052) and correlated positively withn-6 LCPUFA andn-3 LCPUFA.Conclusions:Children with acute malnutrition or stunting had low PUFA, while elevated platelets and monocytes were associated with high PUFA. In acutely malnourished children, inflammation could lead to elevated blood cell counts resulting in increased whole-blood PUFA which does not reflect dietary intake or nutritional status.
UNEQUAL RETURNS TO CHILDREN’S EFFORTS
Authors: Zimmermann Calvin Rashaud , Kao Grace 
Published: January 2020

AbstractResearch demonstrates the importance of noncognitive skills for educational achievement and attainment. Scholars argue that gender differences in noncognitive skills contribute to the gender gap in education. However, the intersection of student race/ethnicity and gender remains underexplored. Studies that examine how noncognitive skills affect gender or racial disparities in teachers’ perceptions of academic skills often assume that children’s noncognitive skills have the same benefit for all children. This is questionable given that research suggests that racial biases affect teachers’ perceptions of children’s noncognitive skills. Using national data, our paper examines how first-grade teachers’ ratings of approaches to learning affect their ratings of children’s academic skills. We also test if teachers’ ratings of children’s noncognitive skills have similar benefits across racial/ethnic and gender categories. We use two unidimensional approaches and an intersectional approach to gauge whether an intersectional approach gives us additional leverage that the unidimensional approaches obscure. The two unidimensional approaches reveal important results that suggest that children are differentially penalized by race/ethnicity or gender. Our race/ethnicity findings suggest that, in comparison to White children with identical noncognitive skills and test scores, teachers penalize Black children in math and advantage Asian children in literacy. Findings from our gender analyses suggest that teachers penalize girls in both math and literacy. Our intersectional findings indicate that an intersectional approach gives us additional leverage obscured by both unidimensional approaches. First, we find that Black girls and Black boys are differentially penalized in math. Secondly, for teachers’ ratings of literacy, our results suggest that teachers penalize Asian girls but not Asian boys in comparison to White boys. We discuss the implications of our study for understanding the complex relationship between noncognitive skills and social stratification.
Private adaptation in semi-arid lands: a tailored approach to ‘leave no one behind’
Authors: Gannon Kate Elizabeth , Crick Florence , Atela Joanes , Babagaliyeva Zhanna , Batool Samavia , Bedelian Claire , Carabine Elizabeth , Conway Declan , Diop Mamadou , Fankhauser Sam , Jobbins Guy , Ludi Eva , Qaisrani Ayesha , Rouhaud Estelle , Simonet Catherine , Suleri Abid , Wade Cheikh Tidiane 
Published: January 2020

Non-technical abstractGlobally, semi-arid lands (SALs) are home to approximately one billion people, including some of the poorest and least food secure. These regions will be among the hardest hit by the impacts of climate change. This article urges governments and their development partners to put SAL inhabitants and their activities at the heart of efforts to support adaptation and climate resilient development, identifying opportunities to capitalize on the knowledge, institutions, resources and practices of SAL populations in adaptation action.
Reconstruction of Paleofire Emissions Over the Past Millennium From Measurements of Ice Core Acetylene
Authors: Nicewonger Melinda R. , Aydin Murat , Prather Michael J. , Saltzman Eric S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAcetylene is a short‐lived trace gas produced during combustion of fossil fuels, biomass, and biofuels. Biomass burning is likely the only major source of acetylene in the preindustrial atmosphere, making ice core acetylene a powerful tool for reconstructing paleofire emissions. Here we present a 2,000‐year atmospheric record of acetylene reconstructed from analysis of air bubbles trapped in Greenland and Antarctic ice cores and infer pyrogenic acetylene emissions using a chemistry transport model. From 0 to 1500 CE, Antarctic acetylene averages 36 ± 1 pmol mol−1 (mean ± 1 SE), roughly double the annual mean over Antarctica today. Antarctic acetylene declines during the Little Ice Age by over 50% to 17 ± 2 pmol mol−1 from 1650 to 1750 CE. Acetylene over Greenland declines less dramatically over the same period. Modeling results suggest that pyrogenic acetylene emissions during 1000–1500 CE were sustained at rates significantly greater than modern day and declined by over 50% during the 1650–1750 CE period.
A Long‐Term View of Episodic Tremor and Slip in Cascadia
Authors: Bartlow Noel M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEpisodic Tremor and Slip, or ETS, is a well‐recognized phenomenon in the Cascadia subduction zone. Constraining the precise location of geodetically measured slip during ETS is important for clarifying the relationship between slip and tremor during ETS, the location of ETS slip relative to the strongly locked zone, and the role of ETS in the overall slip budget. Here I present a new method for separating Global Navigation Satellite System time series in Cascadia into ETS and inter‐ETS components, deriving long‐term average ETS velocities for each site. These velocities are then inverted for a time‐averaged ETS slip rate on the plate interface. I find that ETS and its role in the slip budget are highly variable and segmented along strike. This inversion represents the highest‐resolution image of the ETS zone derived from geodetic data to date. Slip correlates well with tremor locations, and a possible second updip ETS zone is detected.