bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR DAN HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA PADA KOMPETENSI KINEMATIKA GERAK LURUS MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN INTERPRETATIF BERBASIS ICT DI MAN KENDAL
Authors: P Purwanto 
Published: December 2019

Masaalah rendahnya aktivitas belajar dan hasil bela- jar fisika di MAN Kendal akan dipecahkan dengan meng- gunakan pendekatan pembelajaran interpretatif, yaitu diawali dengan pembelajaran klasikal yang berbasis ICT untuk mengatasi kesulitan belajar siswa, sedangkan akti- vitas siswa dibangkitkan melalui kegiatan interaksi diskusi belajar kelompok.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui pening- katan aktivitas belajar siswa setelah diterapkannya metode pembelajaran interpretatif yang berbasis ICT pada materi pembelajaran kinematika gerak lurus. (2) mengetahui pen- ingkatan hasil belajar siswa setelah diterapkannya metode pembelajaran interpretatif yang berbasis ICT pada materi pembelajaran kinematika gerak lurus mata pelajaran Fisika kelas X di MAN Kendal.Subyek penelitian adalah siswa MAN Kendal kelas XB sejumlah 40 siswa pada Tahun pelajaran 2010/2011. Prose- dur penelitian meliputi 3 tahap, yaitu: tahap persiapan (mendesain pembelajaran), tahap pelaksanaan dan tahap penyusunan laporan. Pelaksanaan Siklus I dan II, meliputi: perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan (kegiatan guru dan siswa), observasi dan reflleksi.Pembelajaran interpretatif yang berbasis ICT dan in- teraksi diskusi kelompok memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa yang ditandai dengan peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa yaitu dari sebelum tindakan sebesar 16 siswa (40 %) yang tuntas belajar (yang memperoleh nilai di atas KKM = 65,0) pada Siklus I men- jadi 26 siswa (65 %), dan pada Siklus II meningkat menjadi 32 siswa atau 80 %.Berdasarkan hasil analisis aktivitas siswa dalam ke- lompoknya serta hasil belajar siswa dalam pemberian tin- dakan dengan menggunakan pembelajaran interpretatif berbasis ICT diperoleh peningkatan baik aktivitas siswa dalam kelompok maupun hasil belajar siswa, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran interpretatif berb- asis ICT mampu meningkatkan aktivitas maupun hasil be- lajar siswa pada kompetensi kinematika gerak lurus mata pelajaran Fisika kelas X di MAN Kendal.
PENERAPAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DENGAN PENDEKATAN KOOPERATIF BERBANTUAN MODUL SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PROSES DAN HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA PADA PERKULIAHAN PRAKTIKUM FISIKA DASAR I
Authors: A Arsini 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kualitas kemampuan mahasiswa dalam melakukan pemecahan masalah, meningkatkan kualitas proses pembelajaran, dan meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Praktikum Fisika Dasar I melalui strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan pendekatan kooperatif berban- tuan modul. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Pro- gram studi Tadris Fisika yang memprogram mata kuliah Praktikum Fisika Dasar I pada tahun akademik 2011/2012 yang berjumlah 31 orang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus, masing-masing siklus terdiri dari tahap peren- canaan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi, dan reeksi tindakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan strategi pembelajaran berbasis masalah dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mahasiswa melakukan pemecahan masalah, meningkatan kualitas proses pembelajaran yang ditinjau dari aktivitas mahasiswa, dan meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa. Hasil belajar mahasiswa pada siklus I dan II berturut-turut adalah 66,74 dan 71,41. Sebagian besar mahasiswa mem- berikan respon positif dan berharap agar strategi pembela- jaran berbasis masalah dengan pendekatan kooperatif ber- bantuan modul dapat dilanjutkan dan dikembangkan pada pembelajaran Praktikum Fisika Dasar II .
PERSEPSI ATASAN TERHADAP KINERJA LULUSAN TADRIS
Authors: Shaleh Minhayati 
Published: December 2019

Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah: Untuk mengetahui persepsi Atasan terhadap kinerja lulusan Tadris Fakultas Tarbiyah IAIN Walisongo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang die- darkan ke responden. Populasi adalah seluruh atasan atau pimpinan tempat lulusan Tadris bekerja. Untuk pemilihan sampel digunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ra- ta-rata kinerja lulusan tadris secara keseluruhan 3,16 yaitu kategori baik, sedangkan indikator dari kinerja yang be- rada di bawah rata-rata adalah kemampuan bahasa asing. Oleh sebab itu lulusan perlu diberi bekal yang lebih pada kompetensi tersebut.
PERHITUNGAN PREMI ASURANSI JIWA DWIGUNA PASUTRI SEBAGAI PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA EKONOMI
Authors: Fauziah Irma 
Published: December 2019

In learning mathematical economics, the calculation of life insurance premiums is a matter concerning the application of a combination of compound interest, probability, differential and integral. Life insurance with multilife concept is the one of ap- plied in actuarial mathematics. A functions, in the actuarial cal- culation, related to death sequence in multilife concept is called as contingent function. Usage that function in calculation of insurance premium will assist the insurer in giving the benet precisely.Contingent probabilities are resulted by multiplication be- tween the force of mortality of life in the last sequence of death which have been determined and probabilities of life all family member in multilife status. Insurance formulation is obtained by mutiplying this probabilities with vt discount factor and they are integrated by using the assumption of a uniform distribution of death throughout the year of age.
Evaluation of bias-adjusted satellite precipitation estimations for extreme flood events in Langat river basin, Malaysia
Authors: Soo Eugene Zhen Xiang , Jaafar Wan Zurina Wan , Lai Sai Hin , Othman Faridah , Elshafie Ahmed , Islam Tanvir , Srivastava Prashant , Hadi Hazlina Salehan Othman 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Even though satellite precipitation products have received an increasing amount of attention in hydrology and meteorology, their estimations are prone to bias. This study investigates the three approaches of bias correction, i.e., linear scaling (LS), local intensity scaling (LOCI) and power transformation (PT), on the three advanced satellite precipitation products (SPPs), i.e., CMORPH, TRMM and PERSIANN over the Langat river basin, Malaysia by focusing on five selected extreme floods due to northeast monsoon season. Results found the LS scheme was able to match the mean precipitation of every SPP but does not correct standard deviation (SD) or coefficient of variation (CV) of the estimations regardless of extreme floods selected. For LOCI scheme, only TRMM and CMORPH estimations in certain floods have showed some improvement in their results. This might be due to the rainfall threshold set in correcting process. PT scheme was found to be the best method as it improved most of the statistical performances as well as the rainfall distribution of the floods. Sensitivity of the parameters used in the bias correction is also investigated. PT scheme is found to be least sensitive in correcting the daily SPPs compared to the other two schemes. However, careful consideration should be given for correcting the CMORPH and PERSIANN estimations.
miRNAs Signatures In Patients With Acute Liver Injury: Clinical Concerns and Correlations
Authors: Vyas Hitarthi S. , Upadhyay Kapil K. , Devkar Ranjitsinh V. 
Published: December 2019

:
Non-coding RNAs can be highly exploited for their biological significance in
living systems. miRNAs are in the upstream position of cellular regulation cascade and
hold merit in its state. A plethora of information is available on a wide variety of miRNAs
that undergo alterations in experimentally induced models of liver injuries. The
underlying mechanisms governed by these miRNAs have been inferred through cellbased
experiments but the scientific knowledge on miRNA signatures in patients with
liver injury are primordial and lack scientific clarity. Hence, it is crucial to get insight into
the status and synergy of miRNAs in patients, with varying degrees of acute toxic
manifestations in the liver. Though some miRNAs are being investigated in clinical trials,
a major research lacuna exists with regard to the functional role of other miRNAs in liver
diseases. This review article is a meticulous compilation of disease based or
drug/alcohol based acute liver injuries in patients and resultant alteration in their miRNA
profile. Investigative reports on underlying miRNA-liver crosstalk in cell-based or murine
models are also discussed herein to draw a correlation with clinical findings.
Comparison of Clinical Features at the Onset of Takayasu’s Arteritis According to Age and Sex
Authors: Wan Jin , Qi Shuying , Liao Hua , Ci Weiping , Guo Yanqiu , Wang Tian 
Published: December 2019

Background:Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) is a large-vessel vasculitis that predominantly affects the aorta, pulmonary artery, and its main branches. The cause of TA is still unclear.Objective:To identify the clinical characteristics of TA at onset in different patient groups.Methods:The clinical manifestations, laboratory, and angiographic findings of 53 patients with TA based on age at onset and sex were retrospectively analysed.Results:The ratio of the incidence of TA in males and females was 1:4. Chest pain, reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and multivessel involvement were the most common symptoms at TA onset in male patients. 17% of patients had an onset age >40 years, and the percentage of TA patients >40 years old with chest pain was significantly higher [6 (66.7%) vs 13 (29.5%) and p=0.031] than that in TA patients <40 years old. However, their renal artery involvement [1 (11.1%) vs 21 (47.7%)), p=0.042], abdominal aorta lesion [0 (0.0%) vs 16 (38.1%), p=0.030], and multiple vessel involvement [2 (22.2%) vs. 32 (72.7%), p=0.004] were significantly less evident. Multivariate analysis showed that hypertension and thoracic aortic lesion were predisposing factors for TA diagnosis [odds ratio (OR)=3.918, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.616-1566.185, p=0.026]. For patients with aortic insufficiency (OR=3.674, 95% CI=2.734-567.621, p=0.007) or aneurysm formation (OR=7.255, 95% CI=1.23-1628.614, p=0.044), ascending aortic lesion was an independent risk factor. Furthermore, patients >40 years with chest pain but no brachial pulse should be suspected to have TA.Conclusion:Hypertension and thoracic aortic lesion are predisposing factors for the diagnosis of TA. Male with TA was more prone to present with chest pain, multivessel involvement, and reduced GFR.
Assessment of Purity Parameters of Generic and Brand Name Losartan Potassium
Authors: Mattiazzi Patricia , Bohrer Denise , Viana Carine , Becker Emilene 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Generic products must be bioequivalent to the innovator brand product. Nevertheless,
in addition to meeting bioequivalence standards, attention must be paid to the content of the
active substance and contaminants in generic drugs.

Objective:
This study compared the pharmaceutical quality of four generic losartan potassium formulations
with the brand-name product: Cozaar®.

Methods:
The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) losartan potassium standard was used as reference
material. The products tested (all 50 mg formulations) included four generic tablet formulations and the
innovator brand product Cozaar®. Active substance content, organic impurities, and elemental impurities
were assessed following the USP monograph for losartan potassium tablets and USP Chapter
<233> on Elemental Impurities.

Results:
The results showed that three of the four generic products had low content of the active ingredient.
The values ranged from 86.4 to 93.8%, being acceptable not below 95% of the labeled amount.
Organic impurities were not detected in any of the products, and of the 13 elemental impurities tested,
only four elements were detected. The elemental impurities Cr, Ni, Cu, and As were, however, in
amounts within the limits established by the USP monograph. The only concern on the generic drugs
analyzed was the low content of the active ingredient in 75% of the products.

Conclusion:
Since losartan is a drug of continuous use, lower content of the active ingredient may go
unnoticed by the users of the generic product and entailed clinical consequences during long-term therapy.
2', 4'-dihydroxy-3, 4-methylenedioxychalcone Activate Mitochondrial Apoptosis of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Khatun Mahbuba , Islam Farhadul , Gopalan Vinod , Rahman Md. Motiar , Zuberi Natasha , Khatun Laboni , Rakib Md. Abdur , Islam Md. Azizul , Lam Alfred King-Yin , Khanam Jahan Ara 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Development of effective cancer-chemotherapy is the most challenging
field due to the toxicity of chemo-agents.

Objective:
As chalcone has been known to have pharmacological applications, here the aim is to
synthesized three chalcone derivatives, 2',4'-dihydroxy-3,4-methylenedioxychalcone (C1), 2'-hydroxy-
2,4, 6-trimethoxychalcone (C2) and 2'-hydroxy-4-methylchalcone (C3) and investigate their anti-cancer
properties against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cell.

Method:
Anticancer properties against EAC cells were studied by examining growth inhibition,
MTT assays, tumour-bearing mice survival, tumour weight measurement and haematological profiles.
Moreover, apoptosis of EAC cells was investigated by fluorescence microscopy, flowcytometry
and DNA fragmentation assays. Expression of apoptosis related genes were studied by
reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR).

Results:
Among the compounds, C1 exhibited highest cell growth inhibition at 200 mg/kg/day
(81.71%; P < 0.01). C1 treatment also increased the life span of EAC-bearing mice (82.60%, P <
0.05) with the reduction of tumour burden (<) compared to untreated EAC-bearing
mice. In vitro study indicated that C1 killed EAC-cells in a dose-dependent manner and induced
mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathways. In addition, C1 treated cells exhibited increased apoptotic
features such as membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, and nuclear fragmentation after
Hoechst 33342 staining. Increased fragmentation of DNA in gel electrophoresis followed by C1
treatment further confirmed apoptosis of EAC cells. EAC cells treated with C1 showed reduced
Bcl-2 expression in contrast to notable upregulation of p53 and Bax expression. It implied that C1
could reinstate the expression of pro-apoptotic tumour suppressor and inhibit anti-apoptotic genes.

Conclusions:
Thus, C1 showed significant growth inhibitory properties and induced apoptosis of
EAC cells.
New Uracil Analogs with Exocyclic Methylidene Group as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Długosz-Pokorska Angelika , Drogosz Joanna , Pięta Marlena , Janecki Tomasz , Krajewska Urszula , Mirowski Marek , Janecka Anna 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Hybrid molecules combining uracil skeleton with methylidene exo-cyclic group were
designed in the search for novel anticancer drug candidates.

Objective:
Two series of racemic 5-methylidenedihydrouracils, either 1,3-disubstituted or 1,3,6-trisubstituted
were synthesized and tested for their possible cytotoxic activity against two cancer cell lines (HL-60 and MCF-7)
and two healthy cell lines (HUVEC and MCF-10A). The most cytotoxic analogs were re-synthesized as pure
enantiomers. The analog designated as U-332 [(R)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-ethyl-5-methylidene-6-phenyldihydrouracil],
which had a very low IC50 value in HL-60 cell line (0.77μM) and was the most selective towards cancer cells
was chosen for further experiments on HL-60 cell line, in order to determine the possible mechanism involved
in its antineoplastic action.

Methods:
Cytotoxic activities of compound was assessed by the MTT assay. In order to explore the mechanism
of U-332 activity, we performed quantitative real-time PCR analysis of p53 and p21 genes. Apoptosis, cell
proliferation and DNA damage in HL-60 cells were determined using the flow cytometry. The ability of U-332
to determine GADD45ɑ protein level in HL-60 cells incubated with U-332 was analyzed by ELISA test.

Results:
U-332 was shown to generate excessive DNA damage (70% of the cell population), leading to p53
activation, resulting in p21 down-regulation and a significant increase of GADD45α protein, responsible for the
cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase.

Conclusion:
U-332 can be used as a potential lead compound in the further development of novel uracil analogs
as anticancer agents.
Supernatants of the Probiotic Bacterial Cultures at sub-MIC Levels Attenuate Virulence of Pathogenic Bacteria Towards the Model Host Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Patel Pooja , Joshi Chinmayi , Kothari Vijay 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
This study assessed the anti-pathogenic potential of culture supernatants
from three probiotic strains viz. Lactobacillus plantarum, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Enterococcus
faecium against five different gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.

Methods:
The effect of probiotic culture supernatants on growth and production of quorum sensing
(QS)-regulated pigments was assessed through broth dilution assay. In vivo anti-infective efficacy
of these supernatants was evaluated by challenging the model nematode host Caenorhabditis
elegans with pathogenic bacteria pre-treated with probiotic culture supernatants, and worm survival
was monitored over a period of 8 days.

Results:
All the probiotic culture supernatants (at 5-10 %v/v) exhibited bactericidal activity
against four of the test pathogens (including three multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacteria) and
they (at ≥ 1%v/v) could also modulate QS in pathogenic bacteria. Pre-treatment with culture supernatants
from all the three probiotic strains were able to attenuate virulence of four of the test
pathogens towards C. elegans. Worms challenged with supernatant-pre-treated pathogens recorded
75-100% better survival than those challenged with pathogens receiving no such pretreatment.
Virulence-attenuating effect of the culture supernatants was also carried forward to
daughter populations of the supernatant-treated parent pathogens. Lactic acid seemed to contribute
notably towards anti-virulence activity of the culture supernatants, but acidic pH did not seem to
be important for such activity.

Conclusions:
Culture supernatants of probiotic strains used in this study can be said to possess appreciable
virulence-attenuating potential. Further investigation for characterization of these supernatants
and identification of the bioactive constituents is warranted. Elucidation of the molecular
basis associated with the anti-pathogenic potential of these supernatants may lead to the identification
of novel targets in pathogenic bacterial populations.
Prevalence of Multi-drug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB) in Amman Jordan During 2018
Authors: El-khatib Layla , Al-Dalain Saed , Al-Matarneh Rama , Al-Bustanji Sara , Al-Dmour Marwa , Al-Amarin Yara , Gaber Yasser 
Published: December 2019

Purpose:
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen, and is among the most
problematic nosocomial infections as well as community-acquired infections. This retrospective
study was conducted as an attempt to determine the prevalence of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii
(MDRAB) isolates from the north and central Jordan area during 2018.

Methods:
Patients’ records provided by an accredited central private laboratory located in Amman,
were examined for A. baumannii isolates identified during this period. The isolates were
identified to the species level using the API-10S system and the antimicrobial sensitivity testing
was determined using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method.

Results:
A total of 43 unduplicated isolates were obtained and classified according to clinical
sampling source into: Group I (blood), Group II (urine) and Group III (wound, pus, sputum, bedsore
and others). Total MDRAB isolates recorded were 29 (67.4 %). Resistance to imipenem was
found to be 36% and 94% among groups II and III, respectively, and resistance to meropenem was
60% and 88% among the same groups, respectively.

Conclusion:
Antimicrobial stewardship programs at a national scale are needed to calculate the
actual proportion of MDRAB in the country and to combat its increasing emergence and decrease
the magnitude of antibiotic resistance.
Optimization of the Interaction between Diclofenac and Ibuprofen with Benzalkonium Chloride to Prepare Ocular Nanosuspension
Authors: Tak Deepika , Rimpy  , Kumar Tarun , Ahuja Munish 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are most commonly used in the management
of ocular inflammations. These drugs have poorly aqueous solubility and weakly acidic nature.
They interact with cationic quaternary ammonium compound benzalkonium chloride, used as a
preservative in ophthalmic formulations, to form insoluble complexes. To overcome this incompatibility
solubilizers like polysorbate 80, lysine salts, tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate etc. are used
which are quite irritating and affect the corneal integrity.

Objective:
The objective of the present study is to formulate nonirritating, compatible, microbiologically
stable ophthalmic formulation with good corneal permeation characteristics. The interaction between
diclofenac sodium or ibuprofen with benzalkonium chloride was optimized using a central composite
experimental design to prepare nanosuspensions by nanoprecipitation.

Methods:
The optimized batches of nanosuspensions were evaluated for ex vivo corneal permeation
study, preservative challenge test and physical stability. The optimal concentrations of benzalkonium
chloride for diclofenac sodium (0.1%, w/v) and ibuprofen (0.1% w/v) nanosuspensions were determined
to be 0.002%(w/v), which had a respective average particle size of 440 nm and 331 nm, respectively.
The nanosuspensions of diclofenac sodium and ibuprofen provided 1.6 and 2.1- fold higher
ex vivo corneal permeation than their respective conventional aqueous solution dosage forms. Further,
the concentration of benzalkonium chloride used in the formulations showed adequate preservative
efficacy.

Results:
The optimized nanosuspension formulations of diclofenac and ibuprofen were found to be
physically stable and microbiologically safe with greater corneal penetration than the conventional
solution dosage forms.
Security and Trust Model Analysis for Banking System
Authors: Saini Dinesh Kumar , Saini Hemraj , Singh Surjeet 
Published: December 2019

Background:
There are mainly three types of banking includes Traditional banking,
online banking, and mobile banking. The use of the latter two i.e, online banking and mobile
banking, over traditional methods should rise exponentially among the people. This will be the
implication only if the customers are made aware of the new technologies and advancements in
the banking sector. Therefore, appropriate securities to be implied on the digital methods of
banking for reliability and trust of the customers.

Objective:
In this paper, we formulate a model that represents a means for detecting and
describing the transmission of malicious objects through various individual nodes in a server of
banking.

Method:
For a strong banking infrastructure, the challenge is to those concerned with
information security to place a monetary value on the protection of information resources. In
addition, a trust model for the banking system in online or offline modes is also provided.

Results:
The results of this model can help in understanding the mechanism by which malicious
object spread, to predict the future course of an outbreak and to evaluate the strategies to control.

Conclusion:
The paper can be concluded to achieve its objective that how to maintain Trust in the
banking system in different scenarios along with predicting the outbreak of a perticular malicious
object.