bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying fluid retention following modern pain management in TKA: an observational study
Authors: Somrak Parkpoom , Tanavalee Aree , Ngarmukos Srihatach , Tanavalee Chotetawan , Amarase Chavarin , Jaruthien Nonn , Kampitak Wirinaree 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Body fluid retention after major surgeries, including total knee arthroplasty (TKA), is well documented in the literature. Currently, multimodal pain control protocols consisting of several medications together with early discharge protocol may magnify this adverse event after a patient’s discharge. However, no study has focused on the quantitative and chronological changes in body fluids following modern pain management protocols for TKA. The aim of this study was to investigate the perioperative total body water (TBW) change in patient undergoing TKA.

Patients and methods
A consecutive series of 85 patients undergoing primary unilateral TKA, with uniform hospital admission, multimodal pain control, and rehabilitation protocol, had five consecutive multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) scans; baseline, postoperative day 1 (POD 1), postoperative day 3 (POD 3), 2 weeks, and 6 weeks. Changes in TBW, body weight, corticosteroid-fluid retention dose–response relationship, and complications were evaluated.

Results
Seventy patients completed all five scans and follow-ups. Female patients were dominant, with a mean age of 69.5 years. There were no perioperative complications. At 24 h, the mean total fluid input and output were 3695.14 mL and 1983.43 mL, respectively, with 1711.71 mL increments and a mean accumulative dosage of dexamethasone of 15.14 mg. The mean TBW increased by 2.61 L on POD 1 and continued to peak at 3.2 L on POD 3, then gradually decreased at 2 weeks and reached the baseline level at 6 weeks postoperatively. Similarly, the mean body weight increased to 2.8 kg on POD 1, reached the maximum point at 3.42 kg on POD 3, and returned to baseline at 6 weeks.

Conclusions
Fluid retention following multimodal pain control in TKA increased from POD 1, peaked on POD 3, and gradually returned to the baseline at 6 weeks. With early discharge protocol, patient education regarding fluid retention after discharge should be considered.
Automatic construction of generic Hausa language stop words list using term frequency-inverse document frequency
Authors: Bashir Abubakar Salisu , Bichi Abdulkadir Abubakar , Adamu Alhassan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Hausa language, spoken by a large population, is considered a low-resource language in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), presenting unique challenges. Despite increasing efforts to address these challenges, the quality of existing resources, particularly datasets, remains uncertain. A critical task like stop word identification is often hindered by the absence of standardized resources. This study bridges this gap by leveraging the Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) approach alongside manual evaluation to develop a comprehensive stop word list for Hausa. Using datasets from four reputable online Hausa news sources, comprising 4,501 articles and 1,202,822 tokens, we applied TF-IDF with a threshold of 0.001 to each dataset, identifying 91 candidate stop words by intersecting results across the datasets. After manual examination, the list was narrowed to 76 final stop words. Compared to prior study, our list increased the number of identified stop words by 6%. This standardized resource advances Hausa NLP by facilitating more effective text processing tasks, such as sentiment analysis and machine translation, and lays the groundwork for further research in low-resource languages.
Feasibility of three dimensional and strain transthoracic echocardiography in a single-centre dedicated NHS cardio-oncology clinic
Authors: O’Driscoll Patrick , Gent David , Corbett Liam , Stables Rod , Dobson Rebecca 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Following the publication of international cardio-oncology (CO) imaging guidelines, standard echocardiographic monitoring parameters of left ventricular systolic function have been endorsed. Recommendations highlight that either two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), alongside global longitudinal strain (GLS) should be routinely performed for surveillance of patients at risk of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). We studied the feasibility of 3D-LVEF, 2D-GLS and 2D-LVEF in a dedicated CO service.

Methods
This was a single-centre prospective analysis of consecutive all-comer patients (n = 105) referred to an NHS CO clinic. Using a dedicated Philips EPIQ CVx v7.0, with X5-1 3D-transducer and 3DQA software, we sought to acquire and analyse 2D- and 3D-LVEF and 2D-GLS, adhering to the British Society of Echocardiography (BSE) and British Cardio-Oncology Society (BCOS) transthoracic echocardiography protocol.

Results
A total of 105 patients were enrolled in the study; 5 were excluded due to carcinoid heart disease (n = 5). Calculation of 3D-LVEF was achieved in 40% (n = 40), 2D-GLS in 73% (n = 73), and 2D-LVEF in 81% (n = 81). LV quantification was not possible in 19% (n = 19) due to poor myocardial border definition. Strong correlation existed between 2D-LVEF and 3D-LVEF (r = 0.94, p < 0.0001). Bland–Altman plot demonstrated no statistical differences in that the mean deviation between 2D-LVEF and 3D-LVEF were consistent throughout a range of LVEF values. The most persistent obstacle to 3D-LVEF acquisition was insufficient myocardial border tracking (n = 30, 50%).

Conclusion
This study demonstrates the high feasibility of 2D-GLS and 2D-LVEF, even in those with challenging echocardiographic windows. The lower feasibility of 3D-LVEF limits its real-world clinical application, even though only a small difference in agreement with 2D-LVEF calculation was found when successfully performed.
Phase II Trial of Risk-Enabled Therapy After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (RETAIN 1)
Authors: Geynisman Daniel M. , Abbosh Philip H. , Ross Eric , Zibelman Matthew R. , Ghatalia Pooja , Anari Fern , Mark James R. , Stamatakis Lambros , Hoffman-Censits Jean H. , Viterbo Rosalia , Greenberg Richard E. , Churilla Thomas M. , Horwitz Eric M. , Hallman Mark A. , Smaldone Marc C. , Uzzo Robert , Chen David Y.T. , Kutikov Alexander , Plimack Elizabeth R. 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE
Cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by cystectomy is the standard of care for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Mutations in DNA damage repair genes are associated with pathologic downstaging after NAC. We hypothesized that a combination of biomarker selection and clinical staging would identify patients for cystectomy-sparing active surveillance (AS).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We conducted a single-arm, phase II, noninferiority trial to evaluate a risk-adapted approach for MIBC. Patients with cT2-T3N0M0 MIBC underwent NAC with accelerated methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (AMVAC). Pre-NAC transurethral bladder tumor specimens were sequenced for mutations in
ATM
,
ERCC2
,
FANCC
, and
RB1
. Patients with ≥1 mutation and cT0 post-NAC began AS. The primary end point was metastasis-free survival (MFS) at 2 years for the entire cohort with the null hypothesis rejected if the lower bound exact one-sided 95% CI exceeds 64%.

RESULTS
Seventy patients were enrolled, 33 (47%) had a mutation, and 25 (36%) began per-protocol AS. With a median follow-up of 40 months, the 2-year MFS for all patients was 72.9% (lower bound exact one-sided 95% CI, 62.8). The 2-year MFS was 76.0% in the AS group (95% CI, 54.2 to 88.4) and 71.1% (95% CI, 55.5 to 82.1) in the remaining patients. In the AS group, 17 patients (68%) had some recurrence and 12 (48%) were metastasis-free with an intact bladder. The 2-year overall survival (OS) was 84.3% (95% CI, 73.4 to 91.0); OS was 88.0% (95% CI, 67.3 to 96.0) and 82.2% (95% CI, 67.6 to 90.7) in the AS and not-AS groups, respectively.

CONCLUSION
Patients with MIBC treated with AMVAC followed by a risk-adapted approach to local consolidation achieved a 2-year MFS rate of 73%. The primary end point was not met, but 17% of all enrolled patients and 48% of the AS group avoided cystectomy without metastatic disease.
Transcriptional Cofactors for Thyroid Hormone Receptors
Authors: Ritter Megan J , Amano Izuki , Hollenberg Anthony N 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) is essential throughout life. Its actions are mediated primarily by the thyroid hormone receptor (THR), which is a nuclear receptor. Classically, the THRs act as inducible transcription factors. In the absence of TH, a corepressor complex is recruited to the THR to limit TH-related gene expression. In the presence of TH, the corepressor complex is dismissed and a coactivator complex is recruited to facilitate TH-related gene expression. These coregulators can interact with multiple nuclear receptors and are also key in maintaining normal physiologic function. The nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCOR1) and the nuclear receptor corepressor 2 (NCOR2) have been the most extensively studied corepressors of the THR involved in histone deacetylation. The steroid receptor coactivator/p160 (SRC) family and in particular, SRC-1, plays a key role in histone acetylation associated with the THR. The Mediator Complex is also required for pretranscription machinery assembly. This mini-review focuses on how these transcriptional cofactors influence TH-action and signaling, primarily via histone modifications.
James Monroe Whitfield, Poetry, and Martin Delany’s Revolutionary Worldmaking in Blake; or, The Huts of America
Authors: Zapędowska Magdalena 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Martin Delany’s Blake, serialized in the Weekly Anglo-African in 1861–62, includes five unattributed poems from James Monroe Whitfield’s volume America and Other Poems, which appear in the novel as compositions of the Cuban revolutionary poet Placido. Largely overlooked in scholarship on Blake, Whitfield/Placido’s poems are crucial to the impending revolt of the oppressed because they foster a collective emancipatory consciousness and model, through poetic form, the meticulous organization on which the revolution relies for success. Resonating with other poems and songs quoted in the novel, they speak to broader questions of poetry’s role in building communities of resistance. In turn, Blake’s emplotment of revolutionary organizing actualizes Whitfield’s poems’ revolutionary idiom, distinguished by orientation toward a liberated future, thematic focus on imminent violence against the oppressor, the affect of outrage that sutures individuals into a volatile collective, and the rhetorical tropes of collectively voiced apostrophe, exclamation, and rhetorical question. While Blake reframes Whitfield’s poems as inspiration for the fictionalized Cuban liberation movement, the printed page of the Weekly Anglo-African with its coverage of the Civil War recasts the poems as calls to arms in the ongoing Black struggle for liberation.
First record of albinism in the Quichua Porcupine, Coendou quichua in Ecuador
Authors: Brito Jorge , Lojan Pamela , Crespo Jason , Culebras Jaime 
Published: December 2024

La coloración anómala es un fenómeno que se observa con regularidad en los mamíferos. Los casos de albinismo son relativamente infrecuentes; por ejemplo, se han descrito en menos del 2 % de las especies de roedores. Informamos por primera vez de un caso de albinismo en un puercoespín, a partir de un espécimen recogido en el noroeste de Ecuador. Un puercoespín Quichua herido que presentaba una coloración anómala fue rescatado mientras atravesaba una carretera en las proximidades del Bosque Protector La Perla, situado en la provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. Se conservó como espécimen de museo en piel, cráneo y esqueleto. La identificación se confirmó por los caracteres externos y del cráneo, pero también secuenciamos el marcador molecular citocromo b (Cyt b) para obtener apoyo filogenético. El espécimen es una hembra vieja. El animal exhibe púas amarillentas en el dorso y púas blancas en el vientre. Los ojos son rojos, mientras que el hocico, las orejas, las manos y los pies son rosados. El análisis genético del marcador mitocondrial Cyt b confirmó la identificación del espécimen como Coendou quichua. Este reporte presenta el primer caso documentado de albinismo en la especie de roedor Coendou quichua. Además, este reporte incrementa a 3 el número total de especies del género Coendou con casos de albinismo, y añade a 3 especies de mamíferos registradas en Ecuador con esta condición. También presentamos una filogenia y comentamos la posibilidad de diversidad críptica dentro del género.
The Yucatán mouse opossum (Tlacuatzin gaumeri) in Quintana Roo, México
Authors: Cervantes Fernando A. , Rivas-Villegas Ana L. 
Published: December 2024

El tlacuache ratón de Yucatán (Tlacuatzin gaumeri) es una especie poco conocida hasta ahora, reportada solamente de los estados mexicanos de Campeche y Yucatán en la Península de Yucatán. En virtud de la vecindad geográfica de estas entidades con el estado de Quintana Roo y por su similitud climática y de vegetación, se esperaría la presencia de este marsupial en territorio quintanarroense. Se consultaron la literatura científica, los registros curatoriales de colecciones científicas en México, en el GBIF y las observaciones del portal de ciencia ciudadana iNaturalistMX. Los registros curatoriales y una observación de campo se ordenaron en una tabla y se elaboró un mapa con QGIS 3.36.2. Se encontraron registros curatoriales de colección científica de T. gaumeri para el estado mexicano de Quintana Roo. Similarmente, se encontró una observación (grado investigación) de ciencia ciudadana para Quintana Roo, cerca de la porción occidental de la Reserva de la Biosfera de Sian Ka’an. Los registros amplían la distribución geográfica conocida de T. gaumeri 139 km (en promedio) hacia el este de la Península Yucateca. Los datos registran por primera vez a T. gaumeri en Quintana Roo y confirman su endemicidad en ese estado; asimismo amplían la distribución geográfica conocida de este marsupial. Aunque su presencia coincide solo con un área natural protegida, puede contribuir a su conservación. Se requiere todavía determinar si aplica para alguna categoría de riesgo, pero los resultados contribuyen al inventario faunístico de la Península Yucateca.
Quantum Technologies: From Inspiration to Economic and Societal Value
Authors: Knight Peter 
Published: December 2024

The journey from great research to practical realization is a difficult one, where building a collaborative ecosystem engaging researchers, entrepreneurs, investment capital, companies and government early adopters is essential. I will describe how such a committed ecosystem can be built, drawing together a diverse community, accelerating the journey from fundamental science to product.
Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Optical Implementation of Denoising Diffusion Models for Efficient Image Generation
Authors: Oguz Ilker , Dinc Niyazi Ulas , Yildirim Mustafa , Ke Junjie , Yoo Innfarn , Wang Qifei , Yang Feng , Moser Christophe , Psaltis Demetri 
Published: December 2024

Image generation with diffusion models requires many denoising steps, causing substantial latency in sampling on electronic hardware. To alleviate this problem, we demonstrate that passive modulation layers can perform image denoising and generation optically.
Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Neutral Atom Quantum Computing with Ytterbium in Tweezer Arrays
Authors: Zhang Bichen , Liu Genyue , Peng Pai , Ma Shuo , Horvath Sebastian , Thompson Jeff 
Published: December 2024

Metastable qubits encoded with Yb convert a significant fraction of errors to erasures, leading to favorable error models for quantum error correction. I will discuss our experiments aimed at enhancing system performance through erasure conversion.
Full-text article not available; see video presentation
Socio-economic factors associated with cancer stigma among apparently healthy women in two selected municipalities Nepal
Authors: Paneru Bandana , Karmacharya Aerona , Makaju Soniya , Kafle Diksha , Poudel Lisasha , Mali Sushmita , Timsina Priyanka , Shrestha Namuna , Timalsena Dinesh , Chaudhary Kalpana , Bhandari Niroj , Rai Prasanna , Shakya Sunila , Spiegelman Donna , Sheth Sangini S. , Stangl Anne , Eastment McKenna C. , Shrestha Archana 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Cancer is the primary cause of death globally, and despite the significant advancements in treatment and survival rates, it is still stigmatized in many parts of the world. However, there is limited public health research on cancer stigma among the general female population in Nepal. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of cancer stigma and its associated factors in this group.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study among 426 healthy women aged 30 to 60 years who were residents of Dhulikhel and Banepa in central Nepal. We measured cancer stigma using the Cancer Stigma Scale (CASS). CASS measures cancer stigma in six domains (awkwardness, avoidance, severity, personal responsibility, policy opposition, financial discrimination) on a 6-point Likert scale (strongly disagree to agree strongly) with higher mean stigma scores correlating with higher levels of stigma. We utilized Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) with multivariable linear regression to identify the socio-demographic factors associated with the CASS score.

Results
Overall, the level of cancer stigma was low, with a mean stigma score of 2.6 (0.6), but it was still present among participants. Stigma related to personal responsibility had the highest levels, with a mean score of 3.9 (1.3), followed by severity with a mean score of 3.2 (1.3), and financial discrimination with a mean score of 2.9 (1.6). There was a significant association between the mean CASS score and older age (mean difference in stigma score: 0.11 points; 95% CI: 0.02–0.20) as well as lower education (difference: -0.02 points; 95% CI: -0.03 to -0.003), after adjusting for age, ethnicity, education, marital status, religion, occupation, and parity.

Conclusion
While overall cancer stigma was low, some domains of stigma were higher among women in a suburban area in central Nepal; thus, indicating that cancer stigma persists in this region despite its low overall prevalence.
Effects of a nutrition education intervention on food-provision managerial decisions in Catalan old age nursing homes
Authors: Rodríguez-Sánchez Beatriz , Aranda-Reneo Isaac , Mora Toni 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Existing research does not provide definitive conclusions on the most effective initiatives for preventing malnutrition among older adult residents in nursing homes.

Objective
We aimed to assess whether a nutrition education intervention provided to nursing home managers can improve dietary managerial decisions within nursing homes.

Methods
We performed a multicenter study, where each center was randomized to an intervention or a control group. To ensure homogeneous group representation, we stratified the sample based on the facility size and the availability of kitchen equipment. The baseline survey contained questions related to center characteristics, kitchen size and availability of cooking tools, availability of different daily menu options and the staff working in the kitchen. The follow-up survey included questions about the staff responsible for making nutritional decisions, the degree of food handling, the availability of texture-modification tools, and the residents’ satisfaction. We use ordered probit regression models to estimate the effect of the educational intervention on decisions around food management.

Results
From the 238 nursing homes that responded to the initial survey, 176 were followed-up; 56 were allocated to the intervention group and 120 to the control group. There were 53.32 residents per center among the treated group and 40.82 residents in the non-treated institutions. The intervention increased by 24% the nursing homes’ probability of increasing their stock of texture-modification tools, which rose to 26% after controlling for the effect of receiving specific training on textures or presentation, compared to the control group.

Conclusions
The intervention improved managerial decisions in nursing homes concerning meal presentation through an increase in the number of cooking tools. Incorporating structured and comprehensive sessions to improve food texture and presentation could help fight the risk of residents’ malnutrition.
Psycho-physical interactions in Parkinson’s Disease: Protocol for a prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Hodgson Philip , Jordan Alastair , Sinani Charikleia , Charura Divine 
Published: December 2024

Background
Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) often experience not only physical symptoms but also a higher prevalence of psychological issues, including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and psychotic symptoms, compared to the general population. The relationship between these physical and psychological symptoms remains poorly understood, particularly in relation to commonly used measures of physical function and a wider variety of psychological symptoms. Investigating this link is essential for optimising patient care. This cohort study is registered with OSF (https://osf.io/c7tvd).

Objective
The primary aim of this study is to investigate the association between physical and psychological symptoms in PD. We will focus specifically on measures of physical function such as balance and mobility, assess the similarities between physiotherapist and participant-rated measures, and monitor changes over time.

Methods
This cohort study plans to recruit 30 participants with PD, who will be monitored over a 12-month period. Data will be collected at baseline and completion, providing two data points per participant. Selected outcome measures will include physical function (objective measures), non-motor symptoms, participants perceived function, and engagement in physical activity. Correlations between outcomes will be analysed, and multivariate regression modelling may be employed for time-series analysis to evaluate how relationships change over time. Descriptive summaries of all outcomes will be presented in tables.

Results
Ethical approval for this study was obtained on 15th July 2024, with participant recruitment scheduled to begin in October 2024. Data collection is expected to conclude by August 2026, with final results anticipated within six months of study completion.

Conclusions
This study will be the first to monitor this specific set of physical and psychological outcomes over time in individuals with PD. The findings are expected to provide valuable insights into the relationship between these symptoms, informing future research and potentially leading to larger-scale, multi-site studies conducted over extended assessment periods.