bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal diagnosis of Prader‐Willi syndrome due to uniparental disomy with NIPS: Case report and literature review
Authors: Shubina Jekaterina , Barkov Ilya Y. , Stupko Olga K. , Kuznetsova Maria V. , Goltsov Andrey Y. , Kochetkova Taisya O. , Trofimov Dmitry Y. , Sukhikh Gennady T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundPWS is challenging to diagnose prenatally due to a lack of precise and well‐characterized fetal phenotypes and noninvasive markers. Here we present the case of prenatal diagnosis of Prader‐Willi syndrome, which was suspected with whole‐genome NIPS.MethodsWhole‐genome noninvasive prenatal screening showed a high risk for trisomy 15. Amniocentesis followed by FISH analysis and SNP‐based chromosomal microarray was performed.ResultsSimultaneous analysis of maternal and fetal samples with SNP microarrays demonstrated maternal uniparental disomy (UPD).ConclusionThe presented case is the first case of PWS described in detail, which was suspected by NIPS results. It demonstrates that the choice of confirmation methods concerning the time needed is crucial for the right diagnosis. We suppose that prenatal testing of UPD is essential for chromosome regions, which play a key role in the appearance of various gene‐imprinting failure syndromes like PWS or AS.
Drug Re‐positioning Studies for Novel HIV‐1 Inhibitors Using Binary QSAR Models and Multi‐target‐drivenIn SilicoStudies
Authors: Dogan Berna , Durdagi Serdar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCurrent antiretroviral therapies against HIV involve the usage of at least two drugs that target different stages of HIV life cycle. However, potential drug interactions and side effects pose a problem. A promising concept for complex disease treatment is ‘one molecule‐multiple target’ approach to overcome undesired effects of multiple drugs. Additionally, it is beneficial to consider drug re‐purposing due to the cost of taking a drug into the market. Taking these into account, here potential anti‐HIV compounds are suggested by virtually screening small approved drug molecules and clinical candidates. Initially, binary QSAR models are used to predict the therapeutic activity of around 7900 compounds against HIV and to predict the toxicity of molecules with high therapeutic activities. Selected compounds are considered for molecular docking studies against two targets, HIV‐1 protease enzyme, and chemokine co‐receptor CCR5. The top docking poses for all 549 molecules are then subjected to short (1 ns) individual molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and they are ranked based on their calculated relative binding free energies. Finally, 25 molecules are selected for long (200 ns) MD simulations, and 5 molecules are suggested as promising multi‐target HIV agents. The results of this study may open new avenues for the designing of new dual HIV‐1 inhibitor scaffolds.
Existence and exponential decay for a nonlinear wave equation with nonlocal boundary conditions of 2N‐point type
Authors: Anh Triet Nguyen , Thi Phuong Ngoc Le , Pham Ngoc Dinh Alain , Thanh Long Nguyen 
Published: August 2020

This paper is devoted to the study of a nonlinear wave equation with initial conditions and nonlocal boundary conditions of 2N‐point type, which connect the values of an unknown function u(x,t)  at x = 1, x = 0,  x = ηi(t), and x = θi(t), where

for all t ≥ 0.  First, we prove local existence of a unique weak solution by using density arguments and applying the Banach's contraction principle. Next, under the suitable conditions, we show that the problem considered has a unique global solution u(t)  with energy decaying exponentially as t → +∞. Finally, we present numerical results.
A calculation model of infrared detection system with improved detection capability
Authors: Lu Liping , Li Hanshan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn order to constantly and accurately recognize and track flying targets, using the infrared photoelectric detection system, while scientifically analyze the detection capability of the system, in complex background environments. This paper analyzes the measurement principle of the infrared photoelectric detection system, establishes a radiation energy calculation model of the background and the optical system and the target on the photoelectric detector surface. It further analyzes the influence of the photoelectric detector wavelength, the slit diaphragm and of the target effective radiation area, on the radiation energy. It obtains the contrast ratio calculation model between the target and the background, on the photoelectric detector surface, while it also derives the detection distance model of the system, combining the modulation transfer function of the system, to set up an improved detection distance calculation model, in complex background environments. Simulation and experimental analysis show that as background radiation brightness increases, in certain background environments, the detection distance of the system gradually reduces, while changing the slit diaphragm and photoelectric detector wavelength can improve the detection performance of the system. In complex background environments, changing the contrast ratio of photoelectric detector surface should be considered, to improve the detection capability of the system.
Two miniaturized triple‐band filters based on 900 sector substrate integrated waveguide
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Guo Ya , Zhou Yu‐Yu , Hong Jia‐Sheng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTwo kinds of triple‐band filters based on 900 sector substrate integrated waveguide (SSIW) are firstly investigated. The resonant frequencies of SSIW are deduced by analogy with a circular SIW cavity. By contrast, SSIW cavity is not only easier to suppress higher‐order modes than the circular SIW cavity, but also easier to cascade multiple cavities. Two kinds of miniaturization filters are realized by using dual‐layer and single‐layer half‐mode structures, respectively. Dual‐layer triple‐band filter is realized by using TM110, TM120, and TM210. The single‐layer triple‐band filter based on half‐mode SSIW is proposed for further miniaturization. It adopts higher order modes (TM110, TM120, and TM310) to achieve triple‐band response. Moreover, it introduces a W‐shaped coupling slotline, which not only makes lower original resonant frequencies, but also increases the coupling strengths. Source and load coupling (S‐L‐C) and CSRR are introduced for improving the selectivity of the proposed two filters. Finally, both filters have been fabricated. The measured results are in line with the simulated ones.
Angularly stable and broadband chiral metamaterial based design for asymmetric transmission of linearly polarized waves
Authors: Ullah Tariq , Rashid Aamir 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a novel bi‐layered chiral metamaterial (CMM) based design is proposed, which exhibits broadband operation of asymmetric transmission (AT) of linearly polarized waves. Simulation results of the proposed design shows wide‐band AT response (transmission efficiency greater than 90%) in the microwave region from 8.48 to 10.16 GHz (1.68 GHz bandwidth) with a simultaneous cross‐polarization conversion (CPC) response (conversion efficiency greater than 92%). The transmission and reflection response clearly indicate the AT and CPC results of our design. Both behaviors are explained in terms of cross‐coupling between induced electric and magnetic dipoles due to surface currents. Finally, it is shown that AT response of the proposed design is stable with respect to variations in incident angle of the incoming wave up to 45°. Due to its high efficiency, low‐profile, broadband response, and angular stability this design has numerous applications in modern telecommunication systems.
Enhancing stability of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals light‐emitting diodes through polymethylmethacrylate physical adsorption
Authors: Wang Zhaojin , Xiao Xiangtian , Shen Jian , Liu Pai , Wu Dan , Tang Xiaobing , Mei Guanding , Sun Jiayun , Yang Hongcheng , Li Xiang , Wu Zhenghui , Xie Qifei , Fang Fan , Ding Shihao , Choy Wallace C.H. , Sun Xiao Wei , Wang Kai 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBoosting the efficiency and lifetime of all inorganic metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs) based light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) will promote the application of PeNCs in displays and lighting. However, achieving high‐stability CsPbBr3 NCs is still a critical challenge. In this study, a physical adsorption of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) on the surface of CsPbBr3 NCs is proven effective to enhance CsPbBr3 NCs stability by reducing the surface energy and preventing the attack of water and oxygen molecules. It also alleviates the energy transfer between neighboring NCs and greatly reduces the thin film roughness by suppressing the agglomeration of the CsPbBr3 NCs within films. Specifically, compared with CsPbBr3 NCs without PMMA adsorption, the photostability under the illumination of continuous ultraviolet light (96 hours) and storage stability under 0 °C (60 days) of the proposed CsPbBr3 NCs with PMMA adsorption are therefore improved by >10 times and four times, respectively. Moreover, since the energy transfer between CsPbBr3 NCs and the agglomeration of CsPbBr3 NCs within films have been suppressed dramatically by the physical absorbed PMMA, the maximum luminance of as‐fabricated LED devices is promoted from 5000 to 13,800 cd m−2 with alleviated roll‐off effect. The operational lifetime of the LED devices is also improved by 5.7 times owing to PMMA preventing the attack of water and oxygen molecules.
On a new centered strategy to control the accuracy of weighted essentially non oscillatory algorithm for conservation laws close to discontinuities
Authors: Amat Sergio , Baeza Antonio , Ruiz Juan , Shu Chi‐Wang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper we try to redesign an algorithm analyzed in previous works by Amat et al. in order to obtain a centered strategy aimed to approximate the solution of linear and nonlinear systems of conservation laws. We perform the analysis of the new algorithm in order to explain why the new strategy works close to shocks in the solution of conservation laws. The objective is to force the use of the most centered stencil of those used whenever the data are affected by the presence of a high gradient.
Numerical and theoretical study of weak Galerkin finite element solutions of Turing patterns in reaction–diffusion systems
Authors: Khaled‐Abad Leila Jafarian , Salehi Rezvan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce numerical schemes and their analysis based on weak Galerkin finite element framework for solving 2‐D reaction–diffusion systems. Weak Galerkin finite element method (WGFEM) for partial differential equations relies on the concept of weak functions and weak gradients, in which differential operators are approximated by weak forms through the Green's theorem. This method allows the use of totally discontinuous functions in the approximation space. In the current work, the WGFEM solves reaction–diffusion systems to find unknown concentrations (u, v) in element interiors and boundaries in the weak Galerkin finite element space WG(P0, P0, RT0). The WGFEM is used to approximate the spatial variables and the time discretization is made by the backward Euler method. For reaction–diffusion systems, stability analysis and error bounds for semi‐discrete and fully discrete schemes are proved. Accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method successfully tested on several numerical examples and obtained results satisfy the well‐known result that for small values of diffusion coefficient, the steady state solution converges to equilibrium point. Acquired numerical results asserted the efficiency of the proposed scheme.
Comparative analysis of mechanical behavior of 3D woven spacer sandwich composites with single and double level structures
Authors: Neje Ghanshyam , Behera Bijoya Kumar 
Published: August 2020

Abstract3D woven spacer fabrics connected with woven cross‐links and forming tunnels of trapezoidal shape were produced in single and double level configuration with four different cell wall opening angles in each configuration. The sandwich composites produced from these spacer fabrics were then analyzed for their out‐of‐plane compressive and flexural properties to study their failure loads, energy absorbency, and failure modes. With an increase in the cell wall opening angles, compressive load and specific compressive load increased for single and double level structures, but the same properties were found to be poor for double level structures compared to their single level counterparts. Absorbed energy/volume was also found to be lower for double level composites. The bending load and specific bending load values increased with increase in cell wall opening angle, with double level structures performing better at each cell wall opening compared to their single level counterparts. But the flexural stress of double level structures was lower than that of their corresponding single level structures. The outcomes of this study can be used in designing and manufacturing of multilevel spacer structures with different cell geometrical parameters for specific end use requirements.
Fabrication and investigation on damping performance of novel co‐curing sandwich composites
Authors: Zheng Changsheng , Liang Sen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA new kind of co‐cured sandwich composite was manufactured via inserting tailored damping materials between the lamina to enhance vibration characteristics and sound insulation performance of traditional sandwich composite. The sandwich material was investigated based on the theory of co‐curing, which was superior to the preparation process of traditional sandwich composite. The viscous flow characteristics of epoxy resin and rubber sandwich were considered in the preparation process. The damping characteristics and sound insulation properties of the sandwich composite were determined by the single cantilever beam vibration test and the standing wave tube method. The loss factor of the sandwich composites with damping layer thickness of 0.1 mm reaches 3.384%, which increases by 102.81% compared with that of the undamped composite. The experimental results reveal that the novel damping polymer enhances the damping characteristic and sound insulation performance of laminates significantly compared with previous sandwich composite. The conclusion indicates that the co‐cured composite structures show a strong ability of vibration reduction and sound insulation.
InGaN/GaN multi‐quantum‐well solar cells under high solar concentration and elevated temperatures for hybrid solar thermal‐photovoltaic power plants
Authors: Moses Gilad , Huang Xuanqi , Zhao Yuji , Auf der Maur Matthias , Katz Eugene A. , Gordon Jeffrey M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHybrid solar electricity generation combines the high efficiency of photovoltaics (PVs) with the dispatchability of solar thermal power plants. Recent thermodynamic analyses have shown that the most efficient strategy constitutes an integrated concentrating PV‐thermal absorber operating at high solar concentration and at the high temperatures suitable to efficient commercial steam turbines (~673–873 K). The recuperation of PV thermalization losses and the exploitation of sub‐bandgap photons can more than compensate for the inherent decrease of PV efficiency with temperature in properly tailored tandem solar cells for which promising candidates are III–N alloys. Recently, there have been considerable efforts to develop apposite InGaN solar cells by producing InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) as the top cell in a tandem PV device that would absorb the short‐wavelength regime of the solar spectrum, while sub‐bandgap photons and PV thermalization are absorbed in the thermal receiver.We present measurements of current–voltage curves and external quantum efficiency spectra for InGaN/GaN MQW solar cells under high sunlight intensity, up to 1 W/mm2 (1000 suns) and elevated temperature, up to 723 K. We find that the short‐circuit current increases significantly with temperature, while the magnitude of the temperature coefficient of the open‐circuit voltage decreases with solar concentration according to basic photodiode theory. Conversion efficiency peaks at 623–723 K under ~300 suns, with no perceptible worsening in cell performance under extensive temperature and irradiance cycling—an encouraging finding in the quest for high‐temperature high‐irradiance cells.
Towards improved cover glasses for photovoltaic devices
Authors: Allsopp Benjamin L. , Orman Robin , Johnson Simon R. , Baistow Ian , Sanderson Gavin , Sundberg Peter , Stålhandske Christina , Grund Lina , Andersson Anne , Booth Jonathan , Bingham Paul A. , Karlsson Stefan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFor the solar energy industry to increase its competitiveness, there is a global drive to lower the cost of solar‐generated electricity. Photovoltaic (PV) module assembly is material‐demanding, and the cover glass constitutes a significant proportion of the cost. Currently, 3‐mm‐thick glass is the predominant cover material for PV modules, accounting for 10%–25% of the total cost. Here, we review the state‐of‐the‐art of cover glasses for PV modules and present our recent results for improvement of the glass. These improvements were demonstrated in terms of mechanical, chemical and optical properties by optimizing the glass composition, including addition of novel dopants, to produce cover glasses that can provide (i) enhanced UV protection of polymeric PV module components, potentially increasing module service lifetimes; (ii) re‐emission of a proportion of the absorbed UV photon energy as visible photons capable of being absorbed by the solar cells, thereby increasing PV module efficiencies and (iii) successful laboratory‐scale demonstration of proof of concept, with increases of 1%–6% in Isc and 1%–8% in Ipm. Improvements in both chemical and crack resistance of the cover glass were also achieved through modest chemical reformulation, highlighting what may be achievable within existing manufacturing technology constraints.
Phaseolus vulgaris SUT1.1 is a high affinity sucrose‐proton co‐transporter
Authors: Santiago James P. , Ward John M. , Sharkey Thomas D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPlant sucrose transporters are required for phloem loading, and therefore are essential for plant growth and development. In common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) there are only two sucrose transporters functionally characterized. Through a previous RNA‐seq study, we identified a putative sucrose transporter in common bean, which we hypothesize to function in import of sucrose into plant cells. In silico analysis revealed that PvSUT1.1 is a putative sucrose‐proton co‐transporter distinct from other characterized sucrose transporters in common bean indicating that this is a previously undescribed transporter protein in beans. Further analysis revealed that PvSUT1.1 shares high protein sequence homology to the phloem loader Arabidopsis SUC2; both have 12 transmembrane domains, a typical characteristic of plant sucrose transporters. Heterologous expression in yeast further showed PvSUT1.1 to be functional and it imported sucrose into yeast cells with a Km of 0.7 mM sucrose. Import of sucrose through PvSUT1.1 is also pH‐dependent with highest uptake at pH 4.0, and activity is lost in the presence of the uncoupler carbonyl cyanide 3‐chlorophenylhydrazone. Consistent with identification of PvSUT1.1 as a Type I transporter, PvSUT1.1 also transports esculin. Finally, PvSUT1.1 showed expression in multiple tissues and the protein was localized to the plasma membrane. The results show that PvSUT1.1 is a sucrose transporter that is probably involved in the uptake of sucrose into source and sink cells. The potential role of PvSUT1.1 in leaf phloem loading of sucrose in common beans and its importance in heat tolerance of reproductive tissues are further discussed.
Influence of additive on the aggregation behavior of drug and cationic hydrotrope aniline hydrochloride mixtures: a physicochemical assessment
Authors: Alghamdi Yousef G. , Rub Malik Abdul , Azum Naved , Asiri Abdullah M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe investigated the influence of an additive (50 mmol kg–1 NaCl/300 mmol kg–1 urea [U]) on the aggregation of amphiphilic promethazine hydrochloride (PMH) drug and cationic hydrotrope–aniline hydrochloride (AnHCl) mixtures at various temperatures and ratios. The drug PMH is mostly used for the treatment of allergic symptoms. The obtained critical micelle concentration (cmc) values are well below the cmcid (ideal cmc) value, which confirms interactions between components PMH and AnHCl in the solution mixture. The micellar mole fraction (X1Rub, X1Rod, and X1id) of the first component (AnHCl) was evaluated using different models, which suggested greater involvement of AnHCl in mixed micelles (as expected); besides, the obtained micellar mole fraction values increase with increase in the mole fraction (α1) of AnHCl. The interaction parameter (β) values obtained were negative, which confirms attractive interaction or synergism among the components. Activity coefficients (
[AnHCl] and
[PMH]) values are always found below one confirming the nonideality as well as attractive interaction between the components. Different physicochemical parameters evaluated suggested attractive interaction between the components (PMH and AnHCl) in all studied solvents; however, in salt media, the interaction increases to some extent, whereas in urea media, it decreases to some extent. Diverse thermodynamic parameters (Gibbs free energy [ΔGm0], enthalpy [ΔHm0], and entropy [ΔSm0]) of micellization were computed and discussed separately. The excess free energy (
) values of all systems were negative, suggesting higher stability of formed mixed micelles as compared with singular‐component micelles.
Alkaline‐developable and negative‐type photosensitive polyimide with high sensitivity and excellent mechanical properties using photo‐base generator
Authors: Tseng Ling‐Ya , Lin Yan‐Cheng , Kuo Chih‐Cheng , Chen Chun‐Kai , Wang Chuan‐En , Kuo Chi‐Ching , Ueda Mitsuru , Chen Wen‐Chang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAn alkaline developable and negative‐type PSPI with a high sensitivity and excellent mechanical properties based on a poly(amic acid) (PAA) and a photo‐base generator has been developed. The PAA was prepared by the polycondensation of p‐phenylenediamine (PDA) with an equimolar of 3,3′,4,4′‐biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) and 4,4′‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6‐FDA) and converted thermally to the corresponding polyimide, PI(PDA‐BPDA/6‐FDA). PI(PDA‐BPDA/6‐FDA) showed the high thermal and mechanical properties and the dimensional stability such as the thermal decomposition temperature of 530°C, glass transition temperature of 369°C, linear coefficient of thermal expansion of 28 ppm/K, ultimate tensile strength of 148 MPa, elongation at break of 25% and dielectric constant of 2.8. The PSPI was formulated directly from PAA(PDA‐BPDA/6‐FDA) with a photo‐base generator (PBG), (E)‐3‐(2‐hydroxy‐4‐methoxyphenyl)‐1‐(piperidin‐1‐yl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (HMPP) (10 wt% to PAA) and the optimized parameters for photolithographic process were investigated including the PBG content, post‐exposure bake (PEB) temperature, and PEB time. The PSPI based on PAA(PDA‐BPDA/6‐FDA) and HMPP (10 wt% to PAA) showed a sensitivity of 114 mJ/cm2 and contrast of 1.29 when exposed to 365‐nm light (i‐line), post‐exposure baked at 160°C for 5 min, and developed with an aqueous solution of 2.38 wt% tetramethylammonium hydroxide and iso‐propanol. A clear negative 8‐μm features pattern was obtained by contact‐printing and converted into the PI pattern upon heating at 250°C, confirming by scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy.