bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Disease Activity by Infrared Thermography in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study of Thermographic, Clinical and Ultrasound Assessments
Authors: VINSON DOROTHEE , paris Caroline , Lafforgue Pierre , Richez Christophe , Pradel Vincent , Pham Thao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
A Study of the Association of Serum Zinc and Selenium Levels with the Severity of Asthma in Iranian Children
Authors: Ebraimi Mohsen , Siahpoor Majid , Hamrah Mohammed Hassan , Pahlavanzade Bagher 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Asthma is the most common respiratory disease among children with a growing prevalence worldwide. In addition to their multiple roles in human body, zinc and selenium have anti-inflammatory properties which is due to their presence in the structure of antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Lack of these elements in the body can cause airway inflammation in asthma patients.Methods: In the present case-control study, 50 asthmatic and 50 non-asthmatic children aged 5-15 years were selected at Taleghani Hospital of Gorgan using convenience sampling. The levels of zinc and selenium were determined in blood samples by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. T-test, Man-Whitney, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, and multiple regression were used in this study. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software version 16 at a significance level of 0.05.Results: The case and control groups were similar in terms of demographic variables. The mean±sd level of zinc was 46.78±8.93 in the case group, and 50±7.8 in the control group (p= 0.07). The mean±sd level of selenium was 62.78±11.46 in the case group, and 67.86±7.87 in the control group (p= 0.038). The comparison of individuals in the control group and those with different degrees of asthma revealed a significant difference in the mean levels of zinc (p= 0.003) and selenium (p= 0.009). According to the multiple regression analysis, individuals with severe asthma had lower levels of zinc and selenium than the control group.Conclusions: The present study indicated that the levels of zinc and selenium were lower in individuals with asthma than in healthy individuals; and the mean levels of zinc and selenium sharply decreased with increase in the severity of asthma.
Predictors of Mortality among Adult People Living with HIV and Its Implications for Appointment Spacing Model Approach Care in Southwest Ethiopia.
Authors: Teklehaymanot Aderajew Nigusse , Lemma Tefera Belachew , Gudina Esayas Kebede , Getnet Masrie , Amdisa Demuma , Dadi Lelisa Sena 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction:

Antiretroviral Therapy has markedly improved survival of people living with human Immune virus. Yet, the full potential benefits of the therapy depend on understanding of predictors of mortality among PLWHA. The aim of this study was to assess predictors of mortality among adult PLWHA in Jimma Zone Public Hospitals.
Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 676 adult PLWHA who enrolled to ART clinic from September 1st, 2012 - August 30, 2016. Multivariable Cox Regression analysis was used to identify predictors of mortality using 95% confidence interval (CI) and at P value ≤ 0.05 cut of point.
Results

The total person-time contributed was 28,209 person-months with an overall mortality incidence rate of 11 per 1000 person-months observation. The cumulative mortality incidence among females over the study period was 16.8% (64/382). The predictors of mortality were found severe Undernourishment (AHR: 3.7; 95% CI: 1.6, 6.7) and moderate malnutrition (AHR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.7, 7.5) at base line, younger age (AHR:2.1; 95% CI: 1.7, 3.3), female (AHR: 2.8; 95% CI: 2.1,4.6), single (AHR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.8, 3.8), divorced (AHR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.3,3.9) Illiterate (AHR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.9, 4.8), lack of disclosure (AHR: 3.6; 95%: 1.7, 9.5), WHO clinical stage IV (AHR: 3.7; 95% CI: 1.7, 5.3), seeking treatment out of catchment area (AHR:3.6; 95% CI: 1.5,5.4), rural residence (AHR:2.1; 95% CI:1.4, 3.3), and immunological failure (AHR:1.7; 95% CI: 1.3, 2.7).
Conclusions

Poor nutritional status at baseline, advanced HIV disease, occurrence of treatment failure, female sex, substance use disorders, lack of social support, immunological failures, clinical failures, and younger age, low level of education and poor physical access to healthcare facility were found to be important predictors of mortality. Intervening, those factors as routine and part of “appointment spacing model care” can improve survival of PLWHA.
Effect Intravenous Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Caudal Block on post operative analgesia: Prospective Cohort study design
Authors: Obsa Mohammed Suleiman , Awol Meron ABrar , Simie Timsel Girma 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Caudal block is by far the most commonly employed regional anesthetic techniques to maintain postoperative analgesia in pediatric urogenital surgeries. However, its short duration of action can be prolonged by adding Adjuvants. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of dexamethasone administered through intravenous on post-operative analgesia in pediatric patients who underwent infra umbilical surgeries. Method In this prospective study, sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status I and II patients aged 1–7 years were randomly allocated into two groups of thirty each. Both groups were compared for the duration of postoperative analgesia and analgesic requirement. Severity of postoperative pain was measured by FLACC score. Mann –Whitney U test was used to compare the pain severity and total analgesic consumption. Independent sample t test was used for analgesia duration as well as Chi-square test was used to analyze independent categorical variables between two groups and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result Analgesia duration was significantly prolonged in caudal block with IV dexamethasone group than caudal block with bupivacaine alone group ( P < 0.001). Total analgesia consumption was significantly lower ( P < 0.001) in caudal block with IV dexamethasone compared to with bupivacaine alone group. Postoperative severity of pain was significantly lower in caudal block with IV dexamethasone group at 4 th , 6 th and 12 th hours (P<0.001, P<0.001 and P<0.003) respectively. Conclusion Addition of intravenous dexamethasone as an adjuvant to caudal block with 0.25% Bupivacaine significantly reduced the intensity of post-operative pain and prolonged the duration of post-operative analgesia.
Opportunity cost of natural forest management in the Arenal-Huetar Norte Conservation Area, Costa Rica
Authors: Zúñiga-Méndez Christian , Meza-Picado Victor , Ugalde-Alfaro Sebastian , Méndez-Gamboa Jhonny 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Part of the success of forest conservation programs is due to the economic sustainability they can provide to owners of forest resources, and how these management mechanisms can be used within an increasingly aggressive productive landscape matrix. However, there are currently no precise or up-to-date data on the economic relationships between land uses and their respective productive activities. This study designed a model to evaluate the opportunity cost of natural forest management, taking as a reference the primary productive activities that take place within the Arenal-Huetar Norte Conservation Area, in Costa Rica. Methods: Profitability data from 24 sites in natural forests with a forest management plan approved by the State Forest Administration was used, as well as geographic and productive information on alternative land uses. Results: Based on these data, an opportunity cost map was generated which shows a marked segregation of the forests into two main areas: a) a high-opportunity cost area, located south of the study area; and b) a medium-low opportunity cost area, to the center-north of the study area. Conclusions: It is concluded that ideal areas for timber harvesting are currently restricted to places far from the market, and with low opportunity costs (ranging between ≤ $0 ha -1 year -1 and $500 ha -1 year -1 ).
Vaccine Hesitancy: The Next Challenge in the Fight Against COVID-19
Authors: Dror Amiel A. , Eisenbach Netanel , Taiber Shahar , Morozov Nicole G. , Mizrachi Matti , Zigron Asaf , Sro Samer , Sela Eyal 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy remains a barrier to full population inoculation against highly infectious diseases. With rapid developments in a potential COVID-19 vaccine by scientists across the globe, public concerns over the safety and side effects of such a vaccine may contribute to vaccine hesitancy. We analyzed anonymous questionnaire answers regarding acceptance of a potential COVID-19 vaccine posed to healthcare workers and the general population throughout Israel with a total respondent count of 1941. Our results demonstrate higher rates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among various groups: parents, nurses, and medical workers not caring for SARS-CoV-2 positive patients. Healthcare staff involved in the care of COVID-19 positive patients and individuals who consider themselves at higher risk of disease were more likely to self-report acquiescence to obtain a COVID-19 vaccine if and when it becomes available. Interventional educational campaigns targeted towards populations at risk of vaccine hesitancy, therefore, are urgently needed to combat misinformation and resultant low inoculation rates.
Ocular surface manifestation of COVID-19 and tear film analysis
Authors: Meduri Alessandro , Oliverio Giovanni William , Mancuso Giuseppe , Giuffrida Angela , Guarneri Claudio , Rullo Emmanuele Venanzi , Nunnari Giuseppe , Aragona Pasquale 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the ocular manifestation in patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to search for the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in tears.Methods: This study was conducted in 29 hospitalized patients who were admitted to the COVID center at the Policlinic Hospital of the University of Messina, Italy.All patients underwent an ophthalmologic assessment comprising a Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire, anterior segment, and the ocular surface examination of both eyes using a portable slit lamp.The Schirmer I test was performed, and the filter paper strip was used to search for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 on the ocular surface by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).Results: A total of 10 patients reported ocular symptoms; in particular, four reported eye burning, three reported foreign body sensation, and three reported tearing. Moreover, seven patients presented conjunctival hyperemia and/or chemosis, eleven patients presented blepharitis signs such as lid margin hyperemia and/or telangiectasia, crusted eyelashes, and meibomian orifices alterations. Tear analysis did not reveal the presence of SARS-CoV-2.Conclusion: Ocular symptoms are common in patients with COVID-19; although, tear analysis did not reveal the presence of SARS-CoV-2.
Digital Learning Designs in Physiotherapy Education: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Authors: Ødegaard Nina Bjerketveit , Myrhaug Hilde Tinderholt , Dahl-Michelsen Tone , Røe Yngve 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The extent that digital learning designs can improve learning outcomes has been increasingly emphasized in higher education over the last decade, but the research within physiotherapy education is limited. This study identified different types of digital learning designs and their effectiveness in physiotherapy education. Methods: The study was designed as a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized trials. A search of eight databases on digital teaching and learning technology was conducted. Study selection, methodology and quality assessment were performed independently by three reviewers. The included studies were mapped according to the types of digital interventions and studies. For interventions that were similar, the learning effects were calculated using meta-analysis. Results: Fifteen randomized and five control trials were included in the review; 8 of 20 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The main digital learning designs were blended learning, flipped classrooms, e-learning course designs and Mobil learning designs (apps) using different digital tools, software and learning platforms. The evidence from two meta-analysis showed statistically significant effects: flipped classrooms on knowledge acquisition, SMD of 0.41 (95% CI 0.20, 0.62) and websites (apps) on practical skills, SMD of 1.06 (95% CI 0.70, 1.42). A meta-analysis of website and knowledge acquisition favoured traditional teaching, SMD of -0.59 (95% CI -1.20, 0.03), but this was not statistically significant. Overall, the effects indicated that digital learning designs are more or equally effective than traditional classroom teaching for achieving learning outcomes. Conclusions The findings of this review show various use of digital learning designs in physiotherapy education, ranging from e-learning using digital learning resources to more complex and coherent flipped learning designs. The results indicate that these designs improved or was equal effective compared to traditional classroom teaching. The meta-analysis revealed a significant effect on student learning in favour of flipped classrooms and websites (apps). However, these results must be confirmed in larger controlled trials or randomized controlled trials. Further research should investigate how digital learning designs can be used to facilitate students’ learning of practical skills and behaviour as well as learning retention, learning approaches and preferences for studying in digital learning environments.
The Effect of Corticosteroids on Severe Patients of COVID-19: A retrospective study
Authors: Li Qiang , Cheng Fang , Su Yuyong , Cai Xuefeng , Zeng Fang , Zhang Yu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

The effect of corticosteroids on COVID-19 remains controversial. This study aims to clarify the potential roles of corticosteroids in severe COVID-19 patients.
Methods

In the current retrospective single-center study, we collected data of 214 severe patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Wuhan Union Hospital from Feb 20th to Mar 1st, 2020. Epidemiological, clinical and treatment were analyzed between patients treated with corticosteroids or not.
Results

Corticosteroids used patients have higher levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin-6 (IL-6), CD4+/CD8+ cells, C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT). Virus clearance time and hospital length of stay in corticosteroids group were also significantly higher. The antiviral treatment and antibiotics treatment in patients given corticosteroids were both significantly higher. Antibiotics treatment duration was significantly longer in corticosteroids group. And the usage of multiple antibiotics in corticosteroid group was also significantly higher. And patients who treated by corticosteroids beyond 5 days showed a significantly longer antibiotics duration. Whereas there were no differences on virus clearance time and multiple antibiotics between the patients treated with corticosteroids beyond 5 days and less than 5 days. Multivariate analysis showed that patients with sputum production and higher IL-6 at admission, or treated with corticosteroid therapy were associated with prolonged virus clearance time and lianhua qingwen capsule may contributed to shorten virus clearance time.
Conclusions

The use of corticosteroids could prolong the virus clearance. The benefits and harms should be carefully weighed in the COVID-19 patients who intend to use corticosteroids. The dosage should be low-to-moderate (≤ 0.5-1 mg/kg per day methylprednisolone or equivalent) and the duration should be short (≤ 5 days) to avoid secondary infections.
Correlations of Gut Microbiome, Serum Metabolome and Immune Factors in Insomnia
Authors: Man Honghao , Chen Bin , Wang Qinghua , Fu Shujie , Xie Guangning , Wang Jingwen , Zhao Changying , Gai Zhongtao , Zhang Chunling , Heng Xueyuan , Huo Shengnan , Wang Jianfeng , Stirling Kyle B. , Yang Junjie , Zhang Lei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Insomnia is a common sleep disorder of unclear etiology characterized by individuals experiencing the inability to sleep or the difficulty staying asleep. Gut-brain interaction is being explored with the intent of discerning gut microbiota and its role in many brain-related conditions including insomnia. The number and diversity of gut microbiota that colonize the digestive tract could have a significant association with insomnia, given the microbes that colonize the digestive tract integrate with and impact on the central nervous system, the immune system and multiple metabolic pathways. We aim to examine the diversity and to explore the functional impact of gut microbiota in insomniacs by examining fecal microbiome using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, serum metabolome using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), and various immune factors. Our results discover altered and distinct gut microbiota in insomniacs, with enriched Desulfovibrio, Lactobacillus and Streptococcus, and decreased abundance of Bifidobacterium, Gardnerella, Sneathia, Aerococcus and Atopobium. Non-targeted metabolomics identify 31 aberrant metabolites and implicate metabolic pathways in insomniacs. Most importantly, correlations across gut microbiome, serum metabolome and inflammatory factors are unraveled. Our study provides a better understanding of gut microbiota’s role in insomnia and new insights into potential novel etiologies for insomnia.
Genetic Landscapes and Prognostic Implications of Circadian rhythm in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Li Ming , Chen Zhencong , Jiang Tian , Yang Xiaodong , Du Yajing , Liang Jiaqi , Wang Lin , Xi Junjie , Zhan Cheng , Feng Mingxiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Circadian rhythm plays an influential role in the vast majority of behavior and physiology, even of tumorigenesis and development. In this study, we tried to explore the prognostic implication for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on the expression profiles of circadian clock-related genes (CCRGs), and describe the changes of immune infiltration and cell functions of related to the circadian rhythm.Methods: Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression were performed to determine and construct a CCRGs risk-score significantly correlated with overall survival (OS) of the training set and validation set. GO, KEGG, and GSVA indicated discrepant changes in cellular processes and signaling pathways associated with these CCRGs. Further, immune cell infiltration, mutation rates, and related drugs and pathways analyses were investigated by the online analysis platform and the algorithm provided by works of literature. Results: The risk-score based on ten-gene signatures could independently predict the OS both in TCGA lung adenocarcinoma (p < 0.0001, HR: 2.117, 95% CI: 1.546 to 2.900) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (p < 0.0001, HR: 2.066, 95% CI: 1.552 to 2.751), respectively. The risk-score also had superior accuracy and predictability (LUAD: AUC 0.788; LUSC: AUC 0.738). The prognostic performance of the ten-gene signature was finally validated in validation set based on GEO cohorts. The circadian oscillations driven by CCRGs could disturb the metabolism and cellular functions of cancer cells. We also found that the infiltration level of critical cells in specific anti-tumor immunity process was suppressed apparently. In contrast, the infiltrating of inflammatory cells and immune cells with negative regulatory effects were promoted in the high-risk group. CCRGs were evolutionarily conserved with low mutation rates, which brought difficulties to explore therapeutic targets. Conclusions: We described the landscapes and prognostic implications of CCRGs. The risk-score based on CCRGs was an independent predictor of prognosis and could significantly stratify patient outcomes and immune cell infiltration levels. CCRGs were evolutionarily conserved with low mutation rates, which brought difficulties to explore therapeutic targets. Our study revealed that circadian rhythms might play an influential role in the NSCLC.
Moderating effect of people-oriented public health services on depression among socially isolated people during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Cao Bolin , Wang Dongya , Wang Yifan , Hall Brian J. , Wu Nan , Wu Meimei , Ma Qishan , Tucker Joseph D. , Lv Xing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:Public health measures including social isolationare essential forCOVID-19 control,but also increase the risk of depression. This study examined the influencing and moderating factors on socially isolated people’s depressive symptoms. Methods: Data were collected from people in mandatory home or centralizedsocial isolation in Shenzhen, China from February 28 to March 6 in 2020. We assessed their perceived COVID-19risk, perceived tone of media coverage, perceived quality of people-oriented public health services, and depressive symptoms.Three stepwise multiple regressions were performed to examine the moderating effects controlling age, gender, education, monthly income, socially isolated venue,time spent on COVID-related news, and online social support.Results:We examined data from 340 people. 57.6% men, averaged age at 35.5 years old (SD = 8.37), 55.6% held bachelor’s degree or above.Overall, people in social isolation reported a moderate level ofdepressive symptoms (M =1.24, SD = 0.4). The perceived susceptibility of being infected was relatively low (M = 1.36, SD = 0.54), and the perceived tone of media coverage was mainly positive (M = 1.97, SD = 1.05). In terms of perceived quality of public health services, 3.2% (n = 11) participants reported low-level, 49.1% (n = 167) medium-level, and 47.6 (n =162) high-level quality ofpeople-oriented services. Perceived riskwas significantly associated with depression (β= .12, p< 0.01), and perceived tone of media coverage was negatively associated with depression (β= -.05, p< 0.01).The quality of people-centered public health service moderated the association between perceived riskand depressive symptoms(β= -.15, p< 0.05), and the relationship between perceived tone of media coverage and depressive symptoms(β= .01, p< 0.01).Conclusions:This studyfound thatpeople-oriented public health servicesreduced the effect of risk perception and media tone on depressive symptoms among COVID-19 socially isolated people, suggesting a critical role for frontline public health workers in protecting public mental health.