bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Confirmatory factor analysis of the WIAT‐III in a referral sample
Authors: Parkin Jason R. , Wang Ze 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Wechsler individual achievement test, third edition (WIAT‐III) is a popular individually administered achievement battery. Despite its ubiquity in assessment practice, scant research into its structure exists. We analyzed the structure of the WIAT‐III in a sample of students in Grades 3–12 referred for special education evaluations (n = 355). Using confirmatory factor analysis, we evaluated the fit of the factor structure assumed by the composite scores provided by the test publisher. We then compared that model to alternative first‐order, second‐order and bifactor models in an exploratory fashion. Results demonstrated that the publisher implied model does not capture the structure of the WIAT‐III. Instead subtests appear related to each other based on both their domain of academic performance and in other shared abilities. Implications for practice are discussed.
Geometric and volumetric relationship between human lumbar vertebrae and “Black‐bone” MRI‐based models
Authors: Kanawati Andrew , Rodrigues Fernandes Renan Jose , Gee Aaron , Urquhart Jennifer , Bailey Chris , Rasoulinejad Parham 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study will examine the differences between human lumbar vertebrae, three‐dimensional (3D) scans of these bones, 3D models based on ‘Black‐bone’ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and 3D‐printed models.Materials and Methods3D mesh models were created from the “Black‐bone” MRI data from two cadaveric human spines, and then 3D printed. Four models were analysed and compared: anatomic bones, 3D‐scanned models, MRI models and 3D‐printed models.ResultsThere was no significant difference between when comparing the average of all measurements between all model types (p = 0.81). The mean dice coefficient was 0.91 (SD 0.016) and the mean Hausdorff distance was 0.37 mm (SD 0.04 mm) when comparing the MRI model to the 3D‐scanned model. The mean volumes for the MRI model and the 3D scanned model were 10.42 and 10.04 ml (p = 0.085), respectively.ConclusionsThe ‘Black‐bone’ MRI could be a valid radiation‐free alternative to computed tomography for the 3D printing of lumbar spinal biomodels.
A meta‐analysis of DaVinci Si versus Xi in colorectal surgery
Authors: Felsenreich Daniel Moritz , Gachabayov Mahir , Karas Joshua , Rojas Aram , Bergamaschi Roberto ,   RoSiX Study Group
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this meta‐analysis was to evaluate whether adoption of DaVinci Xi® had any impact upon intra‐ and postoperative metrics in colorectal surgery.MethodsThe Pubmed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and MEDLINE (Ovid) databases were systematically searched. Operating time as well as docking and surgeon console times were the primary endpoints. Conversion and postoperative complication rates were the secondary endpoints.ResultsSix studies totaling 610 patients (320 Si and 290 Xi) were included. Total operating time [MD (95% CI) = 30.553 (15.071, 46.035); p < 0.001], docking time [MD (95% CI) = 4.178 (2.120, 6.235); p < 0.001] and surgeon console time [MD (95% CI) = 17.246 (−0.479, 34.971); p = 0.056] were longer in DaVinci Si® as compared to DaVinci Xi®. No significant difference was found in conversion (p = 0.816) and postoperative complication rates (p = 0.405).ConclusionThis meta‐analysis found that the adoption of DaVinci Xi® was associated with significantly decreased total operating time as well as docking and surgeon console times. Conversion and complication rates were similar.
Distributed global fault detection scheme in multi‐agent systems with chained‐form dynamics
Authors: Taoufik Anass , Defoort Michael , Djemai Mohamed , Busawon Krishna , Diego Sánchez‐Torres Juan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper studies the problem of distributed robust actuator fault detection for multi‐agent systems composed of multiple unicycle‐type mobile agents with chained form dynamics. This objective is achieved through the design of cascades of predefined‐time sliding mode observers to give an exact estimate of the global system state, whereby the settling time is a parameter defined in advance, which does not depend on the initial conditions of the system. The system structure allows us to reconstruct the disturbance inputs using the equivalent control concept to generate efficient residual signals. This method ensures global actuator fault detection, where each agent can detect its faults and those occurring elsewhere in the system using only local information.
Applications of digital PCR in COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Tan Chianru , Fan Dongdong , Wang Nan , Wang Fang , Wang Bo , Zhu Lingxiang , Guo Yong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has led to a public health crisis and global panic. This infectious disease is caused by a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR), which is an emerging nucleic acid amplification technology that allows absolute quantification of nucleic acids, plays an important role in the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2. In this review, we introduce the principle and advantages of dPCR, and review the applications of dPCR in the COVID‐19 pandemic, including detection of low copy number viruses, measurement of the viral load, preparation of reference materials, monitoring of virus concentration in the environment, detection of viral mutations, and evaluation of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 drugs. We also discuss the challenges of dPCR in clinical practice.
Policy Recommendations for Supporting Supply Chains with Horizontal Actions
Authors: Zimmermann Ricardo , Barros Ana Cristina , Senna Pedro Pinho , Pessot Elena , Marchiori Irene , Fornasiero Rosanna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis chapter aims to identify the supply chain (SC) issues that can be considered “horizontal”, as they are cross–sectorial and faced by most companies operating both in production and distribution sectors, and to propose a set of policy recommendations that can support public and private organisations to promote and foster innovation and competitiveness of future European SCs. The definition of the Key Horizontal Issues (KHI) is the basis for developing 12 policy recommendations regarding infrastructure requirements, technological and organisational improvements and regulatory developments needed to set the stage for the European SCs for the future. Specifically, the policy recommendations entail assuring appropriate standards and legislation for European SCs; educating and training professionals for the future SCs; drafting of international agreements aiming at future European SCs; supporting and fostering incentives and funding schemes; promoting reference bodies for European SCs; and establishing infrastructure for fostering of future European SCs.
Future Scenario Settings for Supply Chains
Authors: Sardesai Saskia , Stute Markus , Fornasiero Rosanna , Kalaitzi Dimitra , Barros Ana Cristina , Multu Cemre , Muerza Victoria 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTrends and future developments make it necessary to discuss the future, but it is their bundling that forms a future scenario. This chapter describes six identified and verified macro-scenarios for future industry specific settings, which are shaped by various socio-economic, political, technological and environmental future developments. The description of each macro-scenario allows conclusions to be drawn on supply chain developments such as circular aspects, trade impacts or necessary supply chain structures. Each future scenario is set in a conceptual framework that provides the context and meaning of possible futures and enables companies to prepare and adjust their strategies accordingly.
Spaces of Life: Transgressions in Conceptualising the World Class University
Authors: Arndt Sonja , Bengtsen Søren Smedegaard , Mika Carl , Nørgård Rikke Toft 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBeyond knowledge, critical thinking, new ideas, rigorous science and scholarly development, this chapter argues for the university as a space of life. Through the complexities and incommensurabilities of academic life, and drawing on Julia Kristeva’s notion of revolt, Emmanuel Levinas’ notion of Otherness, and Novalis’ concept of Romantisierung, it makes a philosophical argument for recognizing what might appear as uncomfortable transgressions of the marketable, measurable characteristics of World Class Universities. In various ways, the chapter asks where there is space, in the World Class University, for elements which may not overtly align with the neoliberal clamour for international recognition and esteem. In elevating everyday life in the university, the chapter blurs boundaries of the celebrated, strived for rankings with the spaces of life that are dark and heterotopic, messily entangled with histories, polyphonic human and more than human voice, beings and energies, within the university. Revolt provokes a re-turn to re-question the ethics and boundaries of treatments of ‘world’ and ‘class’ in conceptions of the World Class University. Here, ‘World Class University’ is not necessarily a globally streamlined and internationally bench-marked institution, flexing its socio-economic muscles in the face of the world. Instead, it is an institution that speaks for others who have been made silent and deprived of their own critical voice. It speaks for the suppressed and marginalized, and it speaks for the ones who are no longer with us, or who have not yet arrived. It speaks for the people and the times yet to come.
In vitro amplification of pathogenic tau conserves disease-specific bioactive characteristics
Authors: Xu Hong , O’Reilly Mia , Gibbons Garrett S. , Changolkar Lakshmi , McBride Jennifer D. , Riddle Dawn M. , Zhang Bin , Stieber Anna , Nirschl Jeffrey , Kim Soo-Jung , Hoxha Kevt-her , Brunden Kurt R. , Schellenberg Gerard D. , Trojanowski John Q. , Lee Virginia M.-Y. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe microtubule-associated protein tau (tau) forms hyperphosphorylated aggregates in the brains of tauopathy patients that can be pathologically and biochemically defined as distinct tau strains. Recent studies show that these tau strains exhibit strain-specific biological activities, also referred to as pathogenicities, in the tau spreading models. Currently, the specific pathogenicity of human-derived tau strains cannot be fully recapitulated by synthetic tau preformed fibrils (pffs), which are generated from recombinant tau protein. Reproducing disease-relevant tau pathology in cell and animal models necessitates the use of human brain-derived tau seeds. However, the availability of human-derived tau is extremely limited. Generation of tau variants that can mimic the pathogenicity of human-derived tau seeds would significantly extend the scale of experimental design within the field of tauopathy research. Previous studies have demonstrated that in vitro seeding reactions can amplify the beta-sheet structure of tau protein from a minute quantity of human-derived tau. However, whether the strain-specific pathogenicities of the original, human-derived tau seeds are conserved in the amplified tau strains has yet to be experimentally validated. Here, we used biochemically enriched brain-derived tau seeds from Alzheimer’s disease (AD), corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patient brains with a modified seeding protocol to template the recruitment of recombinant 2N4R (T40) tau in vitro. We quantitatively interrogated efficacy of the amplification reactions and the pathogenic fidelity of the amplified material to the original tau seeds using recently developed sporadic tau spreading models. Our data suggest that different tau strains can be faithfully amplified in vitro from tau isolated from different tauopathy brains and that the amplified tau variants retain their strain-dependent pathogenic characteristics.
Effect of Tongue-Hold Swallow on Pharyngeal Contractile Properties in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Aoyagi Yoichiro , Ohashi Miho , Ando Shiori , Inamoto Yoko , Aihara Keiko , Matsuura Yoko , Imaeda Sayuri , Saitoh Eiichi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTongue-hold swallow (THS) is a swallow exercise in which an individual swallows saliva while holding the anterior portion of the tongue between the front teeth. The effect of THS on pharyngeal contractile vigor is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to quantify THS using high-resolution manometry with a contractile integral analysis. Twenty-two healthy participants performed three different saliva swallow tasks: normal swallow, weak THS (in which the tongue was protruded 1 cm outside the upper incisors), and strong THS (in which the tongue was protruded 2 cm outside the upper incisors). The participants repeated each task twice randomly. Pharyngeal and upper esophageal sphincter metrics, including the pharyngeal contractile integral, were analyzed. Both weak and strong THS enhanced the velopharyngeal contractile integral and peak pressure compared with normal swallow (P < 0.01). THS also prolonged mesopharyngeal contraction (P < 0.01). Holding the tongue anteriorly during swallow requires significant biomechanical changes to pharyngeal contractile properties at the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictor levels; thus, it may serve as a resistance exercise for the muscles that are involved in bolus propulsion.
Patterns of treatment and outcome of ductal carcinoma in situ in the Netherlands
Authors: Luiten Jacky D. , Luiten Ernest J. T. , van der Sangen Maurice J. C. , Vreuls Willem , Duijm Lucien E. M. , Tjan-Heijnen Vivianne C. G. , Voogd Adri C. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To spare DCIS patients from overtreatment, treatment de-escalated over the years. This study evaluates the influence of these developments on the patterns of care in the treatment of DCIS with particular interest in the use of breast conserving surgery (BCS), radiotherapy following BCS and the use and type of axillary staging.

Methods
In this large population-based cohort study all women, aged 50–74 years diagnosed with DCIS from January 1989 until January 2019, were analyzed per two-year cohort.

Results
A total of 30,417 women were diagnosed with DCIS. The proportion of patients undergoing BCS increased from 47.7% in 1995–1996 to 72.7% in 2017–2018 (p < 0.001). Adjuvant radiotherapy following BCS increased from 28.9% (1995–1996) to 89.6% (2011–2012) and subsequently decreased to 74.9% (2017–2018; p < 0.001). Since its introduction, the use of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) increased to 63.1% in 2013–2014 and subsequently decreased to 52.8% in 2017–2018 (p < 0.001). Axillary surgery is already omitted in 55.8% of the patients undergoing BCS nowadays. The five-year invasive relapse-free survival (iRFS) for BCS with adjuvant radiotherapy in the period 1989–2010, was 98.7% [CI 98.4% – 99.0%], compared to 95.0% [CI 94.1% –95.8%] for BCS only (p < 0.001). In 2011–2018, this was 99.3% [CI 99.1% – 99.5%] and 98.8% [CI 98.2% – 99.4%] respectively (p = 0.01).

Conclusions
This study shows a shift toward less extensive treatment. DCIS is increasingly treated with BCS and less often followed by additional radiotherapy. The absence of radiotherapy still results in excellent iRFS. Axillary surgery is increasingly omitted in DCIS patients.
New Interview Method for Sketching the Dynamic Relational and Sexual History of Young Adults
Authors: van de Bongardt Daphne , Verbeek Mirthe 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Scientific literature and clinical practice still pay insufficient attention to the interconnectedness between love and sex. Especially youth would benefit in their sexual development from more attention (e.g., in parenting, education, sexual health services) for the complex relational context of sexual decisions and interactions.

Methods
To gain more insight into young people’s dynamically intertwined early experiences with romantic relationships and sexuality, a new semi-structured interview method was developed as part of a larger study on the interrelatedness of love and sex (“Lovely sex or sexy love?”). The newly developed Relational and Sexual History (RSH) interview consists of five steps and is visually supported by a relationship matrix to sketch how developments in relational and sexual aspects of early intimate relationships (from adolescence to young adulthood) are interrelated, and how youth learn cumulatively (across their relationships) about what they do and do not want in their intimate partnerships.

Results
The RSH interview method was piloted in 2018 in a small-scale qualitative study with N = 16 young adults (9 women, 7 men; 18‒25 years). This pilot study showed the method is suitable to assess the chronologic, dynamic, and intertwined relational and sexual histories of youth in a semi-structured manner.

Conclusions and Policy Implications
The RSH interview method may advance scientific research on the linkages between love and sex and can be a valuable tool for clinical practice in sexology and relationship therapy (and increase cross-pollination between these clinical fields). The type of knowledge yielded by these interviews may profoundly impact policies for relational and sexual health promotion for youth.
The impact of intercostal nerve block on the necessity of a second chest x-ray in patients with penetrating trauma: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ahmadinejad Mojtaba , Shirzadi Alireza , Soltanian Ali , Ahmadinejad Izadmehr , Sootodeh Sina 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
Patients presented with penetrating trauma are immediately given an initial x-ray scan followed by the desired treatment. Intercostal nerve block in chest trauma patients is effective in pain management. The aim of this study is to investigate the need of second chest x-ray in penetrating chest trauma patients, following intercostal nerve block and evaluation of pain and other clinical parameters.

Method:
In this a randomized controlled trail, 100 patients with thoracic trauma were examined from June 2019–December 2019. All patients who entered the study underwent an intercostal nerve block by 5 mg of lidocaine. The results from normal and abnormal chest x-ray groups were compared following the block, in terms of the VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) score and hemodynamic parameters.

Result:
Among the two groups, normal second x-ray vs delayed hemopneumothorax, systolic blood pressure, rate of respiration and heart rate were not significantly at the time of admission and the time following the nerve block. However, this difference was significant in terms of visual analog scale score among the two groups.We also report that the VAS difference of more than 2.5 points has the specify of 76.5 and a sensitivity of 92.8 for the diagnosis of normal/stable patients.

Conclusions:
Intercostal nerve block reduces pain in patients who are not presented with hemopneumothorax, whereas, patients otherwise are presented with the significant pain. Second x-ray in patients with reduced pain in response to the nerve block, might not be necessarily required.

Highlights
Antarctic Geothermal Heat Flow Model: Aq1
Authors: Stål Tobias , Reading Anya M. , Halpin Jacqueline A. , Whittaker Joanne M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe present a refined map of geothermal heat flow for Antarctica, Aq1, based on multiple observables. The map is generated using a similarity detection approach by attributing observables from geophysics and geology to a large number of high‐quality heat flow values (N = 5,792) from other continents. Observables from global, continental, and regional datasets for Antarctica are used with a weighting function that allows the degree of similarity to increase with proximity and how similar the observables are. The similarity detection parameters are optimized through cross correlation. For each grid cell in Antarctica, a weighted average heat flow value and uncertainty metrics are calculated. The Aq1 model provides higher spatial resolution in comparison to previous results. High heat flow is shown in the Thwaites Glacier region, with local values over 150 mW m−2. We also map elevated values over 80 mW m−2 in Palmer Land, Marie Byrd Land, Victoria Land and Queen Mary Land. Very low heat flow is shown in the interior of Wilkes Land and Coats Land, with values under 40 mW m−2. We anticipate that the new geothermal heat flow map, Aq1, and its uncertainty bounds will find extended use in providing boundary conditions for ice sheet modeling and understanding the interactions between the cryosphere and solid Earth. The computational framework and open architecture allow for the model to be reproduced, adapted and updated with additional data, or model subsets to be output at higher resolution for regional studies.
Millennial‐Scale Changes in Bottom Water Temperature and Water Mass Exchange Through the Fram Strait 79°N, 63‐13 ka
Authors: El bani Altuna N. , Ezat M. M. , Greaves M. , Rasmussen T. L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Svalbard margin, in the eastern Fram Strait with its high sediment accumulation, form a key area for the reconstruction of water mass and heat exchange between the North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean in relation to abrupt climate changes as seen in glacial Greenland Interstadial and Greenland Stadial (GI‐GS) events. Here, we present a bottom water temperature (BWT) record from the northern Nordic Seas (79°N) at 1,273 m water depth based on benthic foraminiferal Mg/Ca. The BWT reconstructions, combined with benthic foraminiferal stable isotopes, benthic foraminiferal fauna compositions and ice‐rafted debris (IRD), reveal at least two distinctive scenarios for the GI‐GS events during the last glacial period (13–63 ka). During GIs, conditions were similar to modern with high productivity, low BWT and deep convection. During GS6, GS8, and GS15 and during Heinrich Stadials (HSs), BWT increased up to 5°C ± 1°C generally concomitant with low planktic and benthic δ18O. Our results suggest, that during some GSs and HSs, deep water generation was reduced, allowing the subsurface Atlantic water (AW) to thicken and deepen down to at least the core site depth. A strong halocline during HSs and GSs prevented heat release from the subsurface AW, which we can now trace from 45°N in the North Atlantic to the Arctic Ocean >79°N. Surfacing of the salty Atlantic subsurface water preconditioned the Nordic seas for convection. Release of the subsurface heat from this vast reservoir must have contributed to the large and abrupt atmospheric warmings at the start of GIs.
Design and implementation of a jellyfish otolith-inspired MEMS vector hydrophone for low-frequency detection
Authors: Wang Renxin , Shen Wei , Zhang Wenjun , Song Jinlong , Li Nansong , Liu Mengran , Zhang Guojun , Xue Chenyang , Zhang Wendong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDetecting low-frequency underwater acoustic signals can be a challenge for marine applications. Inspired by the notably strong response of the auditory organs of pectis jellyfish to ultralow frequencies, a kind of otolith-inspired vector hydrophone (OVH) is developed, enabled by hollow buoyant spheres atop cilia. Full parametric analysis is performed to optimize the cilium structure in order to balance the resonance frequency and sensitivity. After the structural parameters of the OVH are determined, the stress distributions of various vector hydrophones are simulated and analyzed. The shock resistance of the OVH is also investigated. Finally, the OVH is fabricated and calibrated. The receiving sensitivity of the OVH is measured to be as high as −202.1 dB@100 Hz (0 dB@1 V/μPa), and the average equivalent pressure sensitivity over the frequency range of interest of the OVH reaches −173.8 dB when the frequency ranges from 20 to 200 Hz. The 3 dB polar width of the directivity pattern for the OVH is measured as 87°. Moreover, the OVH is demonstrated to operate under 10 MPa hydrostatic pressure. These results show that the OVH is promising in low-frequency underwater acoustic detection.