bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward controlled thermoelectric properties of Pb and Sb co-doped nanostructured Thallium Telluride for energy applications
Authors: Khan Waqas Muhammad , Rahman Altaf Ur , Tufail Muhammad , Ibrar Muhammad , Shah Wiqar Hussain , Syed Waqar Adil , Gul Banat 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Here, the structure-dependent electronic, thermal, and transport properties of nanostructured thallium telluride (Tl8Pb
x
Sb2−x
Te6) through controlled variation in Pb and Sb (x = 1.96, 1.97, 1.98, 1.99) concentrations have been investigated. In the temperature and concentration-dependent electrical conductivity measurements, the highest electrical conductivity 131.96 × 103

Ω

−
1

m

−
1

at 300 K was measured for x = 1.99 and the maximum observed Seebeck value for the optimized Tl8Pb1.96Sb0.04Te6 nanoparticles was 110.7 μV/K at 550 K. Such an increased value of the Seebeck coefficient led to the achievement of a significantly improved high-power factor, which was found to be increasing with temperature and decreasing with the increase of Pb concentration. The density functional theory calculations performed for Pb and Sb co-doped Tl5Te3 resulted in the enhanced σ

e
and S with a significant reduction in electronic thermal conductivity (κ

e
) and is found consistent with experimentally measured κ

e
. The highest ZT = 0.35 and 0.18 were recorded experimentally and theoretically for Pb and Sb co-doped in Tl5Te3 nanoparticles.
Two-fold symmetry of in-plane magnetoresistance anisotropy in the superconducting states of BiCh2-based LaO0.9F0.1BiSSe single crystal
Authors: Hoshi Kazuhisa , Kimata Motoi , Goto Yosuke , Miura Akira , Moriyoshi Chikako , Kuroiwa Yoshihiro , Nagao Masanori , Mizuguchi Yoshikazu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Recently, two-fold symmetric in-plane anisotropy of the superconducting properties have been observed in a single crystal of BiCh2-based (Ch: S, Se) layered superconductor LaO0.5F0.5BiSSe having a tetragonal (four-fold-symmetric) in-plane structure; the phenomena are very similar to those observed in nematic superconductors. To explore the origin of the two-fold symmetric anisotropy in the BiCh2-based system, we have investigated the electron-doping dependence on the anisotropy by examining the in-plane anisotropy of the magnetoresistance in the superconducting states for a single crystal of LaO0.9F0.1BiSSe under high magnetic fields up to 15 T. We observed a two-fold symmetry of in-plane anisotropy of magnetoresistance for LaO0.9F0.1BiSSe. The results obtained for LaO0.9F0.1BiSSe are quite similar to those observed for LaO0.5F0.5BiSSe, which has a higher electron doping concentration than LaO0.9F0.1BiSSe. Our present finding suggests that the emergence of the in-plane symmetry breaking in the superconducting state is robust to the carrier concentration in the series of LaO1−x
F
x
BiSSe.
Modern Brazil: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Pereira Anthony W. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Modern Brazil: A Very Short Introduction provides an account of modern Brazil, covering some of the major features of the country’s transformation. Brazil is alternately praised as a rising power or written off as a country forever failing to reach its potential. This VSI discusses the rise of the modern state in the mid-20th century, and the domestic economic, political, and social challenges faced by the country today. Highlighting some of the peculiar features of Brazil’s development, it also examines how its political leaders engage in informal political deals. Moreover, it looks at the state’s welfare institutions and Brazil’s long history of peaceful relations with neighbours.
Ovid: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Morgan Llewelyn 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOvid: A Very Short Introduction discusses Ovid’s poetry, and the social and cultural context in which it was written. No poet of the Graeco-Roman world has had a deeper impact on subsequent literature and art than Ovid. But he was also a man of his time, and while the poetry he wrote still speaks to us today, it channels the cultural and political upheavals that Rome in his day was experiencing: its public life under Rome’s first emperor Augustus, changing sexual mores, religion, literary debt to Greece, and urban landscape. This VSI introduces Ovid’s poetry on love, heroic women, metamorphosis, Roman festivals, and his own exile by Augustus. It also explores his immense influence on later literature and art, an uninterrupted popularity through the Middle Ages and into modern times. Artists as diverse as Chaucer, Goethe, and Dali are all his heirs. But it focuses on his own poetry. Ovid was the wittiest, most inventive, and least deferential of Roman poets, his poetry a scintillating combination of high intellect and mischief.
Identifiers.org: Compact Identifier services in the cloud
Authors: Bernal-Llinares Manuel , Ferrer-Gómez Javier , Juty Nick , Goble Carole , Wimalaratne Sarala M , Hermjakob Henning 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Since its launch in 2010, Identifiers.org has become an important tool for the annotation and cross-referencing of Life Science data. In 2016, we established the Compact Identifier (CID) scheme (prefix: accession) to generate globally unique identifiers for data resources using their locally assigned accession identifiers. Since then, we have developed and improved services to support the growing need to create, reference and resolve CIDs, in systems ranging from human readable text to cloud-based e-infrastructures, by providing high availability and low-latency cloud-based services, backed by a high-quality, manually curated resource.

Results
We describe a set of services that can be used to construct and resolve CIDs in Life Sciences and beyond. We have developed a new front end for accessing the Identifiers.org registry data and APIs to simplify integration of Identifiers.org CID services with third-party applications. We have also deployed the new Identifiers.org infrastructure in a commercial cloud environment, bringing our services closer to the data.

Availabilityand implementation
https://identifiers.org.
HOPS: high-performance library for (non-)uniform sampling of convex-constrained models
Authors: Jadebeck Johann F , Theorell Axel , Leweke Samuel , Nöh Katharina 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Summary
The C++ library Highly Optimized Polytope Sampling (HOPS) provides implementations of efficient and scalable algorithms for sampling convex-constrained models that are equipped with arbitrary target functions. For uniform sampling, substantial performance gains were achieved compared to the state-of-the-art. The ease of integration and utility of non-uniform sampling is showcased in a Bayesian inference setting, demonstrating how HOPS interoperates with third-party software.

Availability and implementation
Source code is available at https://github.com/modsim/hops/, tested on Linux and MS Windows, includes unit tests, detailed documentation, example applications and a Dockerfile.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Birth order as a source of within-genotype diversification in the clonal duckweed,Spirodela polyrhiza(Araceae: Lemnoideae)
Authors: Morris Riley S , Compton Mary E , Simons Andrew M 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOrganismal persistence attests to adaptive responses to environmental variation. Diversification bet hedging, in which risk is reduced at the cost of expected fitness, is increasingly recognized as an adaptive response, yet mechanisms by which a single genotype generates diversification remain obscure. The clonal greater duckweed, Spirodela polyrhiza (L.), facultatively expresses a seed-like but vegetative form, the ‘turion’, that allows survival through otherwise lethal conditions. Turion reactivation phenology is a key fitness component, yet little is known about turion reactivation phenology in the field, or sources of variation. Here, using floating traps deployed in the field, we found a remarkable extent of variation in natural reactivation phenology that could not be explained solely by spring cues, occurring over a period of ≥ 200 days. In controlled laboratory conditions, we found support for the hypothesis that turion phenology is influenced jointly by phenotypic plasticity to temperature and diversification within clones. Turion ‘birth order’ consistently accounted for a difference in reactivation time of 46 days at temperatures between 10 and 18 °C, with turions early in birth order reactivating more rapidly than turions late in birth order. These results should motivate future work to evaluate the variance in turion phenology formally as a bet-hedging trait.
Differential exposure and susceptibility to threats based on evolutionary history: how OCBIL theory informs flora conservation
Authors: Gosper Carl R , Kinloch Janine , Coates David J , Byrne Margaret , Pitt Georgie , Yates Colin J 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOptimal conservation approaches have been proposed to differ for biota with contrasting evolutionary histories. Natural selection filters the distribution of plant traits over evolutionary time, with the current expression of traits mediating susceptibility to contemporary and often novel threats. We use old, climatically buffered, infertile landscape (OCBIL) theory to compile predictions regarding differences in exposure and susceptibility to key threats between OCBIL and young, often disturbed, fertile landscape (YODFEL) flora. Based on literature and existing data from the Southwest Australian Floristic Region (SWAFR), we evaluate evidence in support of our predictions, finding strong theoretical and empirical support for the proposition that exposure and/or impact of many threats differs between OCBILs and YODFELs. OCBILs have more exposure to land clearance from mining, whereas many YODFELs have greater exposure to land clearance from agriculture, and urban and industrial land uses, and greater overall levels of habitat loss and fragmentation. OCBIL flora are more susceptible to pathogens and extremes of fire interval than YODFEL flora, but conversely may have a greater capacity to persist in smaller populations if small populations featured in the evolutionary history of the species prior to anthropogenic fragmentation, and have substantial resistance to weed invasion. We argue that consideration of evolutionary history has an important role in informing conservation management.
Altered skeletal muscle glucose-fatty acid flux in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Steyn Frederik J , Li Rui , Kirk Siobhan E , Tefera Tesfaye W , Xie Teresa Y , Tracey Timothy J , Kelk Dean , Wimberger Elyse , Garton Fleur C , Roberts Llion , Chapman Sarah E , Coombes Jeff S , Leevy W Matthew , Ferri Alberto , Valle Cristiana , René Frédérique , Loeffler Jean-Philippe , McCombe Pamela A , Henderson Robert D , Ngo Shyuan T 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is characterized by the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons, yet an increasing number of studies in both mouse models and patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis suggest that altered metabolic homeostasis is also a feature of disease. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have shown that modulation of energy balance can be beneficial in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, the capacity to target specific metabolic pathways or mechanisms requires detailed understanding of metabolic dysregulation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Here, using the SOD1G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, we demonstrate that an increase in whole-body metabolism occurs at a time when glycolytic muscle exhibits an increased dependence on fatty acid oxidation. Using myotubes derived from muscle of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients, we also show that increased dependence on fatty acid oxidation is associated with increased whole-body energy expenditure. In the present study, increased fatty acid oxidation was associated with slower disease progression. However, within the patient cohort there was considerable heterogeneity in whole-body metabolism and fuel oxidation profiles. Thus, future studies that decipher specific metabolic changes at an individual patient level are essential for the development of treatments that aim to target metabolic pathways in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Risk Factors for In-hospital Mortality from Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection Among Black Patients—An Urban Center Experience
Authors: Bhargava Ashish , Sharma Mamta , Riederer Kathleen , Fukushima Elisa Akagi , Szpunar Susanna M , Saravolatz Louis 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundRacial disparities are central in the national conversation about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) , with Black/African Americans being disproportionately affected. We assessed risk factors for death from COVID-19 among Black inpatients at an urban hospital in Detroit, Michigan.MethodsThis was a retrospective, single-center cohort study. We reviewed the electronic medical records of patients positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (the COVID-19 virus) on qualitative polymerase chain reaction assay who were admitted between 8 March 2020 and 6 May 2020. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality.ResultsThe case fatality rate was 29.1% (122/419). The mean duration of symptoms prior to hospitalization was 5.3 (3.9) days. The incidence of altered mental status on presentation was higher among patients who died than those who survived, 43% vs 20.0%, respectively (P &lt; .0001). From multivariable analysis, the odds of death increased with age (≥60 years), admission from a nursing facility, Charlson score, altered mental status, higher C-reactive protein on admission, need for mechanical ventilation, presence of shock, and acute respiratory distress syndrome.ConclusionsThese demographic, clinical, and laboratory factors may help healthcare providers identify Black patients at highest risk for severe COVID-19–associated outcomes. Early and aggressive interventions among this at-risk population may help mitigate adverse outcomes.
Emerging RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Mutation in a Remdesivir-Treated B-cell Immunodeficient Patient With Protracted Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Martinot Martin , Jary Aude , Fafi-Kremer Samira , Leducq Valentin , Delagreverie Heloise , Garnier Marc , Pacanowski Jérôme , Mékinian Arsène , Pirenne France , Tiberghien Pierre , Calvez Vincent , Humbrecht Catherine , Marcelin Anne-Geneviève , Lacombe Karine 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly discovered virus for which remdesivir is the only antiviral available. We report the occurrence of a mutation in RdRP (D484Y) following treatment with remdesivir in a 76-year-old female with post-rituximab B-cell immunodeficiency and persistent SARS-CoV-2 viremia. A cure was achieved after supplementation with convalescent plasma.
Assessment of long-term outcomes: aortic valve reimplantation versus aortic valve and root replacement with biological valved conduit in aortic root aneurysm with tricuspid valve
Authors: Yamabe Tsuyoshi , Zhao Yanling , Kurlansky Paul A , Nitta Suzuka , Borger Michael A , George Isaac , Smith Craig R , Takayama Hiroo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
We compared the long-term outcomes between aortic valve reimplantation [David V (DV)] and aortic valve and root replacement with biological valved conduit [Bentall–De Bono (BD)] for the patients with aortic root aneurysm with tricuspid valve.

METHODS
Among 876 patients who underwent aortic root replacement in our institution between 2005 and 2018, 371 patients who underwent DV (n = 199) or BD (n = 172) for aortic root aneurysm with tricuspid valve were retrospectively reviewed. Exclusion criteria included aortic stenosis, infective endocarditis, previous prosthetic aortic valve, bicuspid aortic valve, aortic dissection and mechanical Bentall procedure. Propensity score matching was performed based on the patient characteristics, matching 90 patients in each group. The primary end point was all-cause mortality. Secondary end points were reoperation for any cause and specifically for aortic valve-related cause.

RESULTS
After propensity score matching, DV and BD groups each had 1 in-hospital mortality (1.1%). Survival at 10 years was 95.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 85.8–98.5] in DV and 98.6% (95% CI 90.8–99.8) in BD (P = 0.345). The cumulative incidences of reoperation at 10 years in DV versus BD were 3.9% (95% CI 0.7–11.8) vs 18.1% (95% CI 6.9–33.4) for any cause (P = 0.046) and 1.9% (95% CI 0.1–8.8) vs 15.9% (95% CI 5.5–31.4) for aortic valve-related causes (P = 0.032). The reasons for valve-related reoperation were aortic insufficiency (3/5 in DV vs 5/10 in BD), aortic stenosis (0/5 vs 2/10) and infective endocarditis (2/5 vs 3/10).

CONCLUSIONS
Both DV and BD procedures for patients with aortic root aneurysm with tricuspid valve resulted in excellent 10-year survival. All-cause and aortic valve-related reoperations were significantly less frequent with valve-sparing root replacement, suggesting an advantage of DV over biological BD.
Valve Academic Research Consortium 3: updated endpoint definitions for aortic valve clinical research
Authors:   VARC-3 WRITING COMMITTEE, Généreux Philippe , Piazza Nicolo , Alu Maria C , Nazif Tamim , Hahn Rebecca T , Pibarot Philippe , Bax Jeroen J , Leipsic Jonathon A , Blanke Philipp , Blackstone Eugene H , Finn Matthew T , Kapadia Samir , Linke Axel , Mack Michael J , Makkar Raj , Mehran Roxana , Popma Jeffrey J , Reardon Michael , Rodes-Cabau Josep , Van Mieghem Nicolas M , Webb John G , Cohen David J , Leon Martin B 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAims The Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC), founded in 2010, was intended to (i) identify appropriate clinical endpoints and (ii) standardize definitions of these endpoints for transcatheter and surgical aortic valve clinical trials. Rapid evolution of the field, including the emergence of new complications, expanding clinical indications, and novel therapy strategies have mandated further refinement and expansion of these definitions to ensure clinical relevance. This document provides an update of the most appropriate clinical endpoint definitions to be used in the conduct of transcatheter and surgical aortic valve clinical research.Methods and results Several years after the publication of the VARC-2 manuscript, an in-person meeting was held involving over 50 independent clinical experts representing several professional societies, academic research organizations, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and industry representatives to (i) evaluate utilization of VARC endpoint definitions in clinical research, (ii) discuss the scope of this focused update, and (iii) review and revise specific clinical endpoint definitions. A writing committee of independent experts was convened and subsequently met to further address outstanding issues. There were ongoing discussions with FDA and many experts to develop a new classification schema for bioprosthetic valve dysfunction and failure. Overall, this multi-disciplinary process has resulted in important recommendations for data reporting, clinical research methods, and updated endpoint definitions. New definitions or modifications of existing definitions are being proposed for repeat hospitalizations, access site-related complications, bleeding events, conduction disturbances, cardiac structural complications, and bioprosthetic valve dysfunction and failure (including valve leaflet thickening and thrombosis). A more granular 5-class grading scheme for paravalvular regurgitation (PVR) is being proposed to help refine the assessment of PVR. Finally, more specific recommendations on quality-of-life assessments have been included, which have been targeted to specific clinical study designs.Conclusions Acknowledging the dynamic and evolving nature of less-invasive aortic valve therapies, further refinements of clinical research processes are required. The adoption of these updated and newly proposed VARC-3 endpoints and definitions will ensure homogenous event reporting, accurate adjudication, and appropriate comparisons of clinical research studies involving devices and new therapeutic strategies.
Evolutionary full-waveform inversion
Authors: van Herwaarden Dirk Philip , Afanasiev Michael , Thrastarson Solvi , Fichtner Andreas 
Published: September 2020

SUMMARY
We present a new approach to full-waveform inversion (FWI) that enables the assimilation of data sets that expand over time without the need to reinvert all data. This evolutionary inversion rests on a reinterpretation of stochastic Limited-memory Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno (L-BFGS), which randomly exploits redundancies to achieve convergence without ever considering the data set as a whole. Specifically for seismological applications, we consider a dynamic mini-batch stochastic L-BFGS, where the size of mini-batches adapts to the number of sources needed to approximate the complete gradient. As an illustration we present an evolutionary FWI for upper-mantle structure beneath Africa. Starting from a 1-D model and data recorded until 1995, we sequentially add contemporary data into an ongoing inversion, showing how (i) new events can be added without compromising convergence, (ii) a consistent measure of misfit can be maintained and (iii) the model evolves over times as a function of data coverage. Though applied retrospectively in this example, our method constitutes a possible approach to the continuous assimilation of seismic data volumes that often tend to grow exponentially.
Cavitary lung lesions and pneumothorax in a healthy patient with active coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) viral pneumonia
Authors: Afrazi Amin , Garcia-Rodriguez Sylvana , Maloney James D , Morgan Clinton T 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Severe respiratory sequelae drive morbidity-associated with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease. We report a case of COVID-19 pneumonia complicated by cavitary lesions and pneumothorax in a young healthy male. Pneumothorax management with catheter thoracostomy and rapid resolution of the cavitary lesions are described. An extensive work-up for other causes a cavitation was negative and the temporal correlation of the cavities with COVID-19 infection plus their rapid resolution suggest a direct relationship. We propose a mechanism for cavitation secondary to microangiopathy, a cause of cavitation in the vasculitides and a known feature of COVID-19.