bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal and hydraulic performance analysis of a heat sink with corrugated channels and nanofluids
Authors: Naranjani Benyamin , Roohi Ehsan , Ebrahimi Amin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCooling of electronic devices is one of the critical challenges that the electronics industry is facing towards sustainable development. Aiming at lowering the surface temperature of the heat sink to limit thermally induced deformations, corrugated channels and nanofluids are employed to improve the thermal and hydraulic performances of a heat sink. Three-dimensional simulations based on the finite-volume approach are carried out to study conjugated heat transfer in the heat sink. Water-based nanofluids containing $$\hbox {Al}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}$$

Al
2

O
3

nanoparticles with two different particle sizes (29 nm and 40 nm) and volume fractions less than 4% are employed as the coolant, and their influence on the thermal and hydraulic performance of the heat sink is compared with the base fluid (i.e. water). An empirical model is utilised to approximate the effective transport properties of the nanofluids. Employing corrugated channels instead of straight channels in the heat sink results in an enhancement of 24–36% in the heat transfer performance at the cost of 20–31% increase in the required pumping power leading to an enhancement of 16–24% in the overall performance of the heat sink. Additionally, the numerical predictions indicate that the overall performance of the proposed heat sink design with corrugated channels and water–$$\hbox {Al}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}$$

Al
2

O
3

nanofluids is 22–40% higher than that of the water-cooled heat sink with straight channels. It is demonstrated that the overall performance of the heat sink cooled with water–$$\hbox {Al}_{2}\hbox {O}_{3}$$

Al
2

O
3

nanofluids increases with reducing the average nanoparticle size. Additionally, the maximum temperature rise in the heat sinks is determined for different thermal loads.
Antithrombotic management and outcomes of patients with atrial fibrillation treated with NOACs early at the time of market introduction: Main results from the PREFER in AF Prolongation Registry
Authors: Renda Giulia , Pecen Ladislav , Patti Giuseppe , Ricci Fabrizio , Kotecha Dipak , Siller-Matula Jolanta M. , Schnabel Renate B. , Wachter Rolf , Sellal Jean-Marc , Rohla Miklos , Lucerna Markus , Huber Kurt , Verheugt Freek W. A. , Zamorano Jose Luis , Brüggenjürgen Bernd , Darius Harald , Duytschaever Mattias , Le Heuzey Jean-Yves , Schilling Richard J. , Kirchhof Paulus , De Caterina Raffaele 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) has rapidly changed with increasing use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and changes in the use of rhythm control therapy. The prevention of thromboembolic events European Registry in Atrial Fibrillation Prolongation Registry (PREFER Prolongation) enrolled consecutive patients with AF on NOACs between 2014 and 2016 in a multicentre, prospective, observational study with one-year follow-up, focusing on the time of introduction of NOACs. Overall, 3783 patients were enrolled, with follow-up information available in 3223 (85%). Mean age was 72.2 ± 9.4 years, 40% were women, mean CHA2DS2VASc score was 3.4 ± 1.6, and 2587 (88.6%) had a CHA2DS2VASc score ≥ 2. Rivaroxaban was used in half of patients, and dabigatran and apixaban were used in about a quarter of patients each; edoxaban was not available for use in Europe at the time. Major cardiovascular event rate was low: serious events occurred in 74 patients (84 events, 2%), including 24 strokes (1%), 62 major bleeds (2%), of which 30 were life-threatening (1%) and 3 intracranial (0.1%), and 28 acute coronary syndromes (1%). Mortality was 2%. Antiarrhythmic drugs were used in about 50% of patients, catheter ablation in 5%. Adverse events were low in this contemporary European cohort of unselected AF patients treated with NOACs already at the time of their first introduction, despite high thromboembolic risk.
Bases for Structures and Theories II
Authors: Ketland Jeffrey 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn Part I of this paper (Ketland in Logica Universalis 14:357–381, 2020), I assumed we begin with a (relational) signature $$P = \{P_i\}$$

P
=
{

P
i

}

and the corresponding language $$L_P$$

L
P

, and introduced the following notions: a definition system$$d_{\Phi }$$

d
Φ

for a set of new predicate symbols $$Q_i$$

Q
i

, given by a set $$\Phi = \{\phi _i\}$$

Φ
=
{

ϕ
i

}

of defining $$L_P$$

L
P

-formulas (these definitions have the form: $$\forall \overline{x}(Q_i(x) \leftrightarrow \phi _i)$$

∀

x
¯

(

Q
i

(
x
)

↔

ϕ
i

)

); a corresponding translation function$$\tau _{\Phi }: L_Q \rightarrow L_P$$

τ
Φ

:

L
Q

→

L
P

; the corresponding definitional image operator$$D_{\Phi }$$

D
Φ

, applicable to $$L_P$$

L
P

-structures and $$L_P$$

L
P

-theories; and the notion of definitional equivalence itself: for structures $$A + d_{\Phi } \equiv B + d_{\Theta }$$

A
+

d
Φ

≡
B
+

d
Θ

; for theories, $$T_1 + d_{\Phi } \equiv T_2 + d_{\Theta }$$

T
1

+

d
Φ

≡

T
2

+

d
Θ

. Some results relating these notions were given, ending with two characterizations for definitional equivalence. In this second part, we explain the notion of a representation basis. Suppose a set $$\Phi = \{\phi _i\}$$

Φ
=
{

ϕ
i

}

of $$L_P$$

L
P

-formulas is given, and $$\Theta = \{\theta _i\}$$

Θ
=
{

θ
i

}

is a set of $$L_Q$$

L
Q

-formulas. Then the original set $$\Phi $$
Φ
is called a representation basis for an $$L_P$$

L
P

-structure A with inverse $$\Theta $$
Θ
iff an inverse explicit definition $$\forall \overline{x}(P_i(\overline{x}) \leftrightarrow \theta _i)$$

∀

x
¯

(

P
i

(

x
¯

)

↔

θ
i

)

is true in $$A + d_{\Phi }$$

A
+

d
Φ

, for each $$P_i$$

P
i

. Similarly, the set $$\Phi $$
Φ
is called a representation basis for a $$L_P$$

L
P

-theory T with inverse $$\Theta $$
Θ
iff each explicit definition $$\forall \overline{x}(P_i(\overline{x}) \leftrightarrow \theta _i)$$

∀

x
¯

(

P
i

(

x
¯

)

↔

θ
i

)

is provable in $$T + d_{\Phi }$$

T
+

d
Φ

. Some results about representation bases, the mappings they induce and their relationship with the notion of definitional equivalence are given. In particular, we show that $$T_1$$

T
1

(in $$L_P$$

L
P

) is definitionally equivalent to $$T_2$$

T
2

(in $$L_Q$$

L
Q

), with respect to $$\Phi $$
Φ
and $$\Theta $$
Θ
, if and only if $$\Phi $$
Φ
is a representation basis for $$T_1$$

T
1

with inverse $$\Theta $$
Θ
and $$T_2 \equiv D_{\Phi }T_1$$

T
2

≡

D
Φ

T
1

.
Osteosarcoma of the Mandible in a Patient with Florid Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia and Li–Fraumeni Syndrome: A Rare Coincidence
Authors: Haefliger Simon , Harder Dorothee , Kovac Michal , Linkeschova Karin , Eufinger Harald , Baumhoer Daniel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) is the most common benign fibro-osseous lesion of the jaws and generally considered non-neoplastic and self-limited. Here, we present a 30-year old female who noticed a bilateral swelling of her posterior mandible with irregular periapical mineralization and incomplete root resorption on panoramic radiographs. A biopsy revealed florid COD and no further treatment was initiated. 9 years later, she presented with a progressive expansion of her left posterior mandible after being treated for bilateral breast cancer 4 and 8 years before. CT scans showed expansile and densely mineralized lesions in all four quadrants with the left posterior mandible showing a focal penetration of the buccal cortical bone. Biopsies revealed an osteoblastic high-grade osteosarcoma in the left and a COD in the right mandible, notably with cellular atypia in the spindle cell component. The patient underwent segmental resection of the left mandible with clear margins and adjuvant chemotherapy. Subsequent genetic testing identified a heterozygous germline TP53 mutation (p.V173G) which confirmed the clinically suspected Li–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS). 3 years after the resection, the patient is free of disease and the other foci of COD remained stable in size on follow-up imaging analyses. Our case illustrates LFS-related osteosarcoma developing within florid COD. Given the rarity of this coincidence, a causative relation between the two lesions seems unlikely but in patients with tumor predisposition syndromes it might be advisable to closely monitor even benign lesions like COD.
Own and other person’s transgressions: Guilt as a function of self-construal
Authors: Neumann Roland 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPrevious research has shown that self-construal predicts pride responses to success. Independent self-construal increases pride responses to own achievements whereas interdependent self-construal increases pride responses to other person’s achievements. In the current research, I examine if other self-conscious emotions such as guilt are similarly influenced by self-construal. In this study, German students (N = 88, 75 female, 13 male) were primed with an either independent or interdependent self-construal. Guilt was elicited either by one’s own transgression or by the transgression of a close other. Results show that an independent self-construal leads to stronger guilt responses to own transgressions than an interdependent self-construal whereas no such difference was obtained for transgressions of close other’s. In sum, these findings suggest that guilt is influenced by self-construal.
Ex Vivo Model of Functional Mitral Regurgitation Using Deer Hearts
Authors: Jaworek Michal , Mangini Andrea , Maroncelli Edoardo , Lucherini Federico , Rosa Rubina , Salurso Eleonora , Votta Emiliano , Antona Carlo , Fiore Gianfranco Beniamino , Vismara Riccardo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTranscatheter therapies are emerging for functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) treatment, however there is lack of pathological models for their preclinical assessment. We investigated the applicability of deer hearts for this purpose.8 whole deer hearts were housed in a pulsatile flow bench. At baseline, all mitral valves featured normal coaptation. The pathological state was induced by 60-minutes intraventricular constant pressurization. It caused mitral annulus dilation (antero-posterior diameter increase from 31.8 ± 5.6 mm to 39.5 ± 4.9 mm, p = 0.001), leaflets tethering (maximal tenting height increase from 7.3 ± 2.5 mm to 12.7 ± 3.4 mm, p < 0.001) and left ventricular diameter increase (from 67.8 ± 7.5 mm to 79.4 ± 6.5 mm, p = 0.004). These geometrical reconfigurations led to restricted mitral valve leaflets motion and leaflet coaptation loss. Preliminary feasibility assessment of two FMR treatments was performed in the developed model.Deer hearts showed ability to dilate under constant pressurization and have potential to be used for realistic preclinical research of novel FMR therapies.
Habitat utilization and feeding ecology of small round goby in a shallow brackish lagoon
Authors: Henseler Christina , Kotterba Paul , Bonsdorff Erik , Nordström Marie C. , Oesterwind Daniel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe examined small-scale distribution and feeding ecology of a non-native fish species, round goby (Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814)), in different habitats of a coastal lagoon situated in the south-western Baltic Sea. First observations of round goby in this lagoon were reported in 2011, 3 years before the current study was conducted, and information on this species’ basic ecology in different habitats is limited. We found that mainly juvenile round gobies are non-randomly distributed between habitats and that abundances potentially correlate positively with vegetation density and thus structural complexity of the environment. Abundances were highest in shallower, more densely vegetated habitats indicating that these areas might act as a refuge for small round gobies by possibly offering decreased predation risk and better feeding resources. Round goby diet composition was distinct for several length classes suggesting an ontogenetic diet shift concerning crustacean prey taxa between small (≤ 50 mm total length, feeding mainly on zooplankton) and medium individuals (51–100 mm, feeding mainly on benthic crustaceans) and another diet shift of increasing molluscivory with increasing body size across all length classes. Differences in round goby diet between habitats within the smallest length class might potentially be related to prey availability in the environment, which would point to an opportunistic feeding strategy. Here, we offer new insights into the basic ecology of round goby in littoral habitats, providing a better understanding of the ecological role of this invasive species in its non-native range, which might help to assess potential consequences for native fauna and ecosystems.
Joint Microbial and Metabolomic Network Estimation with the Censored Gaussian Graphical Model
Authors: Ma Jing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractJoint analysis of microbiome and metabolomic data represents an imperative objective as the field moves beyond basic microbiome association studies and turns towards mechanistic and translational investigations. We present a censored Gaussian graphical model framework, where the metabolomic data are treated as continuous and the microbiome data as censored at zero, to identify direct interactions (defined as conditional dependence relationships) between microbial species and metabolites. Simulated examples show that our method metaMint performs favorably compared to the existing ones. metaMint also provides interpretable microbe-metabolite interactions when applied to a bacterial vaginosis data set. R implementation of metaMint is available on GitHub.
Chemical Constituents from the Whole Plant of Cuscuta reflexa
Authors: Aung Tin Thu Thu , Xia Meng-Yuan , Hein Pyae Phyo , Tang Rong , Zhang Dong-Dong , Yang Jun , Yang Xue-Fei , Hu Dong-Bao , Wang Yue-Hu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTwo new 2H-pyran-2-one glucosides, cuscutarosides A (1) and B (2), and one new steroidal glucoside, 7β-methoxy-β-sitosterol 3-O-β-glucopyranoside (3), together with 12 known compounds (4–15) were isolated from the whole plant ofCuscuta reflexa(Convolvulaceae) collected from Myanmar. The chemical structures of these new compounds were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis. The antiobesity activity of these isolates was evaluated using porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL), and the antiplatelet aggregation activity was screened using rabbit platelets induced by thrombin, platelet-activating factor (PAF), arachidonate (AA), or collagen. 7β-Methoxy-β-sitosterol 3-O-β-glucopyranoside (3) showed weak PPL inhibitory activity. Cuscutaroside A (1), its acetylated derivative (1a), and scrophenoside B (8) showed weak inhibitory activity against rabbit platelet aggregation induced by collagen. Compound1aalso showed inhibitory activity against rabbit platelet aggregation induced by AA.Graphic Abstract
Modern Approach to Delivery Coolants, Lubricants and Antiadhesives in the Environmentally Friendly Grinding Processes
Authors: Nadolny Krzysztof , Kieraś Seweryn , Sutowski Paweł 
Published: September 2020

AbstractControl of thermal conditions in the grinding zone is possible through effective delivery of substances with cooling, lubricating and antiadhesive properties during the machining process. In addition to the benefits of coolants, however, a number of economic and ecological problems arise, which include the costs of purchase, use and maintenance as well as the environmental impact of its disposal. These negative aspects of the use of cooling and lubricating liquids have contributed to the modern trend of minimizing their output in machining processes, including grinding. This article presents comprehensive characteristics of knowledge in the field of liquids, gases and solids with cooling, lubricating and antiadhesive properties. The author’s original classification of cooling and lubricating agents by their physical state was proposed and a complete list of known modern environmentally friendly methods of cooling and lubrication of the grinding zone was presented. In order to highlight their beneficial features, the background of conventional methods of delivery coolants, lubricants and antiadhesives to the grinding zone used for years were also characterised. A comprehensive list of all known methods of cooling and lubrication of the grinding zone classified according to the physical state of the delivered medium with a clear separation of hybrid methods consisting in simultaneous delivery of many cooling and lubricating agents was described in the summary. The article concludes with the characteristics of directions of further development in the field of cooling and lubrication of the grinding zone.
Molecular diversity analysis of genotypes from four Aegilops species based on retrotransposon–microsatellite amplified polymorphism (REMAP) markers
Authors: Leśniowska-Nowak Justyna , Okoń Sylwia , Wieremczuk Aleksandra 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGenetic diversity analysis is an important tool in crop improvement. Species with high genetic diversity are a valuable source of variation used in breeding programs. The aim of this study was to assess the genetic diversity of four species belonging to the genus Aegilops, which are often used to expand the genetic variability of wheat and triticale. Forty-five genotypes belonging to the genus Aegilops were investigated. Within- and among-species genetic diversity was calculated based on REMAP (retrotransposon–microsatellite amplified polymorphism) molecular markers. Obtained results showed that REMAP markers are a powerful method for genetic diversity analysis, which produces a high number of polymorphic bands (96.09% of total bands were polymorphic). Among tested genotypes, Ae. crassa and Ae. vavilovii showed the highest genetic diversity and should be chosen as a valuable source of genetic variation.
Punitive Processes? Judging in Thai Lower Criminal Courts
Authors: McCargo Duncan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article examines how Thai courts of the first instance deal with run-of-the-mill criminal cases. How do judges deal with criminal trials of a rather routine nature, often involving defendants from ethnic minorities and reflecting the particular conditions in the provinces concerned? Drawing on participant observation and interview research conducted mainly in two provinces in different regions of the country, the article examines the challenges faced by judges and court officials in dealing with heavy caseloads in a highly bureaucratized system where acquittal rates are extremely low. How far do such cases shed light on how judging is carried out in the majority of Thai courts? What kind of challenges do Thai judges face in adjudicating minor but often messy cases in order to fulfil societal expectations in line with their own understandings of justice?
The ‘Oriental’ Character of Islamic Philosophy in Hegel's Lectures on the History of Philosophy
Authors: Ventura Lorella 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn his Lectures on the History of Philosophy, Hegel characterizes Arabic/Islamic philosophy as ‘Oriental’. The meaning and motivation of this characterization are not obvious. In this paper, I address his treatment and outline the key ideas that lead Hegel to describe Islamic philosophy as ‘Oriental’. By highlighting similarities and differences in relation to Oriental philosophy, I shed light on Hegel's approach to Islamic philosophy, which is connected to his view of Oriental philosophy, the East and Islam in its various aspects, and to his more general view of the history of philosophy and of the Absolute as spirit.
Human seroprevalence data indicate other factors than climatic conditions influencing dirofilariosis transmission in the Russian Federation
Authors: González-Miguel J. , Akhmadishina L.V. , Ruzina M.N. , Kyuregyan K.K. , Mikhailov M.I. , Lukashev A.N. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The species of the genus Dirofilaria are filarial parasites causing zoonotic infections in humans with an increasing incidence in temperate and tropical areas of the world. Due to its classification as a vector-borne disease, the most important factors influencing dirofilariosis transmission are those related to climate, such as temperature and humidity. However, other factors linked with human behaviour can influence the distribution of the parasite. Although the Russian Federation could be considered as a non-suitable area for Dirofilaria spp. transmission due to its climatic conditions, one third of the human cases of dirofilariosis have been declared in this country. Here, seroepidemiological data on human dirofilariosis for five different regions distributed throughout the Russian Federation (Rostov, Moscow, Ekaterinburg, Yakutia and Khabarovsk) were obtained. A total of 940 serum samples from totally random donors living in these areas were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of anti-Dirofilaria immitis immunoglobulin G antibodies. Similar seroprevalence data ranging from 3.41% in Yakutia to 6.95% in Khabarovsk, with no significant correlation with climatic data of yearly average temperature and rainfall from these regions were found. These results suggest that other factors probably related to human behaviour, and not only climatic conditions, might be facilitating the spread of human dirofilariosis in these areas.
Epidemiological aspects and spatial patterns of human visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil
Authors: Graepp-Fontoura Iolanda , Soeiro Barbosa David , Nascimento Luiz Fernando Costa , Fontoura Volmar Morais , Ferreira Adriana Gomes Nogueira , Arrais Sampaio Santos Francisca Aline , Sousa Benedito Salazar , Santos Floriacy Stabnow , Santos-Neto Marcelino , dos Santos Leonardo Hunaldo , Abreu-Silva Ana Lúcia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHuman visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) cases are important public health problems due to their zoonotic aspect, with high rates of morbidity and mortality in Brazil. The aim of this this study was to identify spatial patterns in both rates of HVL cases in Brazilian states during the period from 2006 to 2015. This is an ecological study, using geoprocessing tools to create choropleth maps, based on secondary data from open access platforms, to identify priority areas for control actions of the disease. Data were collected in 2017 and analysed according to the global and local Moran's I, using TerraView 4.2.2 software. Similar clusters were observed in neighbouring municipalities in thematic maps of HVL, suggesting spatial similarity in the distribution of the disease in humans mainly in the North and Northeast Regions, which concentrate the states with the highest rates of HVL. Heterogeneous spatial patterns were observed in the distribution of HVL, which show municipalities that need higher priority in the intensification of disease surveillance and control strategies.