bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The GAPS Programme at TNG
Authors: Scandariato G. , Borsa F. , Sicilia D. , Malavolta L. , Biazzo K. , Bonomo A. S. , Bruno G. , Claudi R. , Covino E. , Di Marcantonio P. , Esposito M. , Frustagli G. , Lanza A. F. , Maldonado J. , Maggio A. , Mancini L. , Micela G. , Nardiello D. , Rainer M. , Singh V. , Sozzetti A. , Affer L. , Benatti S. , Bignamini A. , Biliotti V. , Capuzzo-Dolcetta R. , Carleo I. , Cosentino R. , Damasso M. , Desidera S. , Garcia de Gurtubai A. , Ghedina A. , Giacobbe P. , Giani E. , Harutyunyan A. , Hernandez N. , Hernandez Diaz M. , Knapic C. , Leto G. , Martínez Fiorenzano A. F. , Molinari E. , Nascimbeni V. , Pagano I. , Pedani M. , Piotto G. , Poretti E. , Stoev H. 
Published: January 2021

Context. The analysis of exoplanetary atmospheres by means of high-resolution spectroscopy is an expanding research field which provides information on the chemical composition, thermal structure, atmospheric dynamics, and orbital velocity of exoplanets.
Aims. In this work, we aim to detect the light reflected by the exoplanet 51 Peg b by employing optical high-resolution spectroscopy.
Methods. To detect the light reflected by the planetary dayside, we used optical High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher and High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher for the Northern hemisphere spectra taken near the superior conjunction of the planet, when the flux contrast between the planet and the star is maximum. To search for the weak planetary signal, we cross-correlated the observed spectra with a high signal-to-noise ratio stellar spectrum.
Results. We homogeneously analyze the available datasets and derive a 10−5 upper limit on the planet-to-star flux contrast in the optical.
Conclusions. The upper limit on the planet-to-star flux contrast of 10−5 translates into a low albedo of the planetary atmosphere (Ag ≲ 0.05−0.15 for an assumed planetary radius in the range of 1.5−0.9 RJup, as estimated from the planet’s mass).
Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source during 3 Years of Prolonged Monitoring with an Implantable Loop Recorder
Authors: Rogalewski Andreas , Kitsiou Alkisti , Kalyani Malik , Deelawar Sameera , Tribunyan Sona , Greeve Isabell , Minnerup Jens , Israel Carsten , Schäbitz Wolf-Rüdiger 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Undocumented atrial fibrillation (AF) is suspected as a main stroke cause in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS), but its prevalence is largely unknown. This prospective study therefore aimed at delineating the prevalence of AF in patients with ESUS using continuous cardiac monitoring by implantable loop recorder (ILR) with daily remote interrogation over a period of 3 years and its clinical consequences, including recurrent stroke.
Methods In consecutive patients with an ESUS diagnosis after complete work-up, an ILR was implanted and followed by daily remote monitoring until AF was detected or a follow-up of at least 3 years was completed. Additionally, the ILR was interrogated in-hospital in 6-month intervals.
Results A total of 123 patients (74 male, mean age 65 ± 9 years) were enrolled and completed the 3 years study period. AF was detected in 51 patients (41.4%). In 43 of the 51 AF positive patients (84%) oral anticoagulation was established. Recurrent strokes occurred in 18 patients (14.6%) of this ESUS population, 9 of these patients being AF positive (17.6% of the AF-positive patients) and 9 being AF negative (12.5% of AF-negative patients). Patients with AF were slightly older than patients without AF (63.1 ± 8.8 vs. 67.5 ± 9.6 years, p = 0.12). Other parameters such as CHA2DS2-VASc score, infarct localization, micro- and macroangiopathy, carotid or aortic plaques, or stroke recurrence were not significantly different between groups.
Conclusion In ESUS patients, early implantation of an ILR with cardiac monitoring and remote transmission over a 3-year period detected AF in 41.4% and resulted in oral anticoagulation in 84% of these patients.
Hemostasis in Coronavirus Disease 2019—Lesson from Viscoelastic Methods: A Systematic Review
Authors: Słomka Artur , Kowalewski Mariusz , Żekanowska Ewa 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHemostatic unbalance is often observed in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and patients with severe disease are at high risk of developing thromboembolic complications. Viscoelastic methods (VEMs), including thrombelastography (TEG) and thromboelastometry (TEM), provide data on the nature of hemostatic disturbance. In this systematic review, we assessed the performance of TEG and TEM in the assessment of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with COVID-19. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, medRxiv, and bioRxiv were systematically searched for clinical studies evaluating TEG and/or TEM variables in COVID-19 individuals. Ten studies, with a total of 389 COVID-19 patients, were included, and VEMs were performed in 292 of these patients. Most patients (90%) presented severe COVID-19 and required mechanical ventilation. TEG and TEM variables showed that these patients displayed hypercoagulability and fibrinolysis shutdown, despite the use of appropriate thromboprophylaxis. However, the mechanism underlying these phenomena and their clinical significance in COVID-19 patients who developed thrombosis are still not clear. Further studies are warranted if VEMs might help to identify those at highest risk of thrombotic events and who therefore may derive the greatest benefit from antithrombotic therapy.
Evaluation of Knee Kinematics and Moments during Active Deep Flexion Activity after Oxford Mobile-Bearing Medial UKA—A Two-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Yue Li , Lamontagne Mario , Xiong Zhao , Zhengfei Zhu , Run Tian , Zhe Li , Ning Kong , Chunsheng Wang , Pei Yang , Kunzheng Wang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFew studies have assessed knee range of motion (ROM) and moments of patients with mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (MB UKA) during active deep flexion activities. We analyze knee kinematic and kinetic parameters during postoperative squatting-standing activity, aiming to evaluate the efficacy of MB UKA and postoperative rehabilitation progress. This was a clinical cohort study. We followed up with 37 patients diagnosed with medial knee osteoarthritis (OA) with primary UKA. After screening 31 patients were recruited to take gait tests. Squatting-standing activities were performed under the test of 10-camera motion analysis system and force plates preoperatively at different stages after UKA (12, 18, and 24 months). The average duration of follow-up was 24.4 months (from 22.8 to 26.7 months). Hip-knee-ankle angle improved significantly compared with pre-UKA as well as scores of American Knee Society Score, numeric rating scale, ORS, and Western Ontario and McMasters. University Osteoarthritis Index. About 83.6% (31/37) of follow-up patients completed squatting-standing activity independently. At 1-year follow-up, peak varus angle (20.6 ± 2.8 degrees), internal rotation angle (13.6 ± 1.8 degrees), extensor moment (1.44 ± 0.04N*m/kg), and internal rotator moment (0.02 ± 0.005N*m/kg) of UKA knees were inferior to contralateral knees. Peak adductor moment (0.76 ± 0.05N*m/kg) was superior to contralateral knees. At 2-year follow-up, peak flexion angle (125.0 ± 2.8 degrees) showed a growing trend meanwhile extensor (1.70 ± 0.03N*m/kg) and adductor (0.68 ± 0.06 N*m/kg) moment closely resembled those of the contralateral knee. MB UKA could alleviate the affected knee mainly in flexion-extension ROM and moment meanwhile did not affect the biomechanical indicators of healthy limbs. OA knees in the early postoperative period showed decreased extensor moment and increased adductor moment during active deep flexion activity. Better ROM and relatively more natural extensor and adductor moment of UKA knee with rehabilitation time increasing may predict ideal rehabilitation outcome in the medium or longer term.
Sparseness and Smoothness Regularized Imaging for improving the resolution of Cryo-EM single-particle reconstruction
Authors: Luo Zhenwei , Campos-Acevedo Adam A. , Lv Longfei , Wang Qinghua , Ma Jianpeng 
Published: January 2021

SignificanceThree-dimensional refinement is a critical component of cryo-EM single-particle reconstruction. In this paper, we report the development of a computational method, OPUS-SSRI, and its application to seven real cryo-EM datasets. Our data clearly demonstrated that OPUS-SSRI can improve the final resolutions and structural details in cryo-EM single-particle analysis.
Theory of femtosecond strong field ion excitation and subsequent lasing in

N2+
Authors: Tikhonchuk V T , Liu Y , Danylo R , Houard A , Mysyrowicz A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Delayed cavity-free forward lasing at the wavelengths of 391 and 428 nm was observed in recent experiments in air or pure nitrogen pumped with an intense femtosecond laser pulse at wavelength of 800 nm. The mechanism responsible for the lasing is highly controversial. In this article we propose a model explaining the delayed lasing, which contains two parts: (i) ionization of neutral nitrogen molecules and subsequent excitation of nitrogen ions in a strong pump laser pulse, and (ii) coherent emission of excited ions due to the presence of long-lived polarizations maintained by a weak laser post-pulse and coupling simultaneously ground state

X

2

Σ

g

+

to states A2Π
u
and

B

2

Σ

u

+

of singly ionized nitrogen molecules

N

2

+

. Two regimes of signal amplification are identified: a signal of a few picosecond duration at low gas pressures and a short (sub-picosecond) signal at high gas pressures. The theoretical model compares favorably with results obtained by different experimental groups.
Nuclear symmetry energy parameters from neutron skin thickness in 208Pb and electric dipole polarizability in 68Ni , 120Sn and 208Pb
Authors: Behera Dipanjali , Tripathy S K , Routray T R , Behera B 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Observables like neutron skin thickness and electric dipole polarizability in heavy nuclei are considered as most effective probes for the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy at subsaturation density region. In the present work, within the framework of droplet model, we use finite range effective interactions to calculate the neutron skin thickness in 208Pb and the electric dipole polarizability in 68Ni, 120Sn and 208Pb. We correlate these quantities with the parameters of nuclear symmetry energy. Available experimental data on the neutron skin thickness in 208Pb and electric dipole polarizability in 68Ni, 120Sn and 208Pb are used to deduce information on the density slope parameter of nuclear symmetry energy at saturation and at subsaturation densities. Constraints such as 35.2 ≤ L(ρ
0) ≤ 64.4 MeV and 43 ≤ L(ρ

c
) ≤ 55 MeV are obtained using experimental values for neutron skin thickness.
BV (RI)
c
photometric study of three variable PMS stars in the field of V733 Cephei
Authors: Ibryamov Sunay , Semkov Evgeni , Peneva Stoyanka , Gocheva Kristina 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper reports results from the first long-term BV (RI)
c
photometric CCD observations of three variable pre-main-sequence stars collected during the period from February 2007 to January 2020. The investigated stars are located in the field of the PMS star V733 Cep within the Cepheus OB3 association. All stars from our study show rapid photometric variability in all-optical passbands. In this paper, we describe and discuss the photometric behavior of these stars and the possible reasons for their variability. In the light variation of two of the stars, we found periodicity.
Statistical assessment of ELM triggering by pellets on JET
Authors: Lennholm M. , McKean R. , Mooney R. , Tvalashvili G. , Artaserse G. , Baruzzo M. , Belonohy E. , Calabro G. , Carvalho I.S. , Challis C.D. , de la Luna E. , Frigione D. , Garzotti L. , Henriques R.B. , Hobirk J. , Jaquet P. , Kappatou A. , Keeling D. , King D. , Lang P.T. , Lerche E. , Lomas P.J. , Lowry C. , Maslov M. , Moradi S. , Nave M.F.F. , Nunes I. , Perez von Thun C. , Reux C. , Rimini F.G. , Sips A.C.C. , Sozzi C. , Valovic M. , Van Eester D. , JET contributors  
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article investigates the triggering of ELMs on JET by injection of frozen pellets of isotopes of Hydrogen. A method is established to determine the probability that a specific pellet triggers a particular ELM. This method allows clear distinction between pellet-ELM pairs that are very likely to represent triggering events and pairs that are very unlikely to represent such an event. Based on this, the pellet parameters that are most likely to affect the ability of pellets to trigger ELMs have been investigated. It has been found that the injection location is very important, with injection from the vertical high field side showing a much higher triggering efficiency than low field side (LFS) injection. The dependence on parameters such as pellet speed and size and the time since the last ELM is also seen to be much stronger for LFS injection. Finally, the paper illustrates how improvements to the pellet injection system by streamlining the pellet flight lines and slightly increasing the pellet size has resulted in a significantly improved ability to deliver pellets to the plasma and trigger ELMs.
The fractional Kullback–Leibler divergence
Authors: Alexopoulos A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Kullback–Leibler divergence or relative entropy is generalised by deriving its fractional form. The conventional Kullback–Leibler divergence as well as other formulations emerge as special cases. It is shown that the fractional divergence encapsulates different relative entropy states via the manipulation of the fractional order and for this reason it is the evolution equation for relative entropy. The fractional Kullback–Leibler divergence establishes mathematical dualities with other divergences or distance metrics. The fractional-order can be characterised as a distance metric between divergences or relative entropy states. Generalised asymptotic divergences and densities are derived that are mixtures of known approaches.
Metrologically resourceful multipartite entanglement under quantum many-body effects
Authors: Khalid Uman , Rehman Junaid ur , Shin Hyundong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In traditional quantum metrology protocols, the initial multipartite entangled pure quantum probes are considered to be isolated, i.e., free of quantum many-body effects. Here, we study the impact of inherent many-body effects such as interaction with noisy environment and nonlocal interactions among particles on metrologically resourceful multipartite entanglement of initially mixed quantum probes. In this regard, we employ an information-theoretic multipartite entanglement measure as a figure-of-merit. The inevitable interaction with the noisy environment leads to disentanglement in multipartite quantum probes which restricts its metrological advantage. For this, we use entanglement dissociation to derive bounds on the multipartite entanglement measure that can identify the relevant entanglement structure under global as well as local noisy evolution. Furthermore, we investigate nonlocal interactions in terms of their entangling capability in a multipartite quantum probe. We show that such nonlocal interactions can be exploited as a valuable resource that exhibits better precision scaling in mixed-state quantum metrology. Moreover, we numerically observe these results for GHZ-W class states.
New tools for ‘ZEBRA-FISHING’
Authors: Bergo Veronica , Trompouki Eirini 
Published: January 2021

AbstractZebrafish has been established as a classical model for developmental studies, yet in the past years, with the explosion of novel technological methods, the use of zebrafish as a model has expanded. One of the prominent fields that took advantage of zebrafish as a model organism early on is hematopoiesis, the process of blood cell generation from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). In zebrafish, HSPCs are born early during development in the aorta–gonad–mesonephros region and then translocate to the caudal hematopoietic tissue, where they expand and finally take residence in the kidney marrow. This journey is tightly regulated at multiple levels from extracellular signals to chromatin. In order to delineate the mechanistic underpinnings of this process, next-generation sequencing techniques could be an important ally. Here, we describe genome-wide approaches that have been undertaken to delineate zebrafish hematopoiesis.
Multimodality imaging of a rare pulmonary artery sessile mass: a case report
Authors: Piscitelli Laura , Dentamaro Ilaria , Pezzicoli Gaetano , D’Agostino Carlo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Primary pulmonary artery masses are unusual entities that mimic pulmonary embolism (PE) in clinical presentation and on imaging studies. It is necessary to perform advanced diagnostic exams, such as transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to determine the proper diagnosis. In unclear cases, laboratory findings, morphological follow-up, and response to anticoagulant therapy can help to clarify the diagnosis.

Case summary
A 47-year-old previously healthy man with worsening effort dyspnoea underwent chest computed tomography (CT) for suspicion of PE, which showed a pedunculated eccentric mass at the origin of the pulmonary artery causing severe stenosis. The patient was started on anticoagulation therapy, but, after TEE and cardiac MRI, a neoplastic fibroelastic mass was suspected. Unexpectedly, 18fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)-CT revealed a unique area of glucose uptake in the superior lobe of the left lung and not in the pulmonary artery. The biopsy was consistent with pleomorphic high-grade lung sarcoma. After 3 months of chemotherapy, a CT scan showed progression of the lung disease with no change in the arterial mass, which was therefore confirmed as pulmonary fibroelastoma.

Discussion
Due to the rarity of pulmonary artery tumours, they can be initially misdiagnosed as PE or a metastasis of a lung sarcoma. Three-dimensional TEE and cardiac MRI are particularly useful in differentiating tumours from PE.
A GENE, ALCA, AFFECTING THE LIFE CYCLE FORM EXPRESSED IN PHYSARUM POLYCEPHALUM
Authors: Truitt Christine L , Hoffman Charles S , Holt Charles E 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
The usual sequence of forms in the Physarum polycephalum life cycle is plasmodium–spore–amoeba–plasmodium. So-called "amoebaless life cycle" or alc mutants of this Myxomycete undergo a simplified plasmodium–spore–plasmodium life cycle. We have analyzed three independently isolated alc mutants and found in each case that the failure of the spores to give rise to amoebae is due to a recessive Mendelian allele. The three mutations are tightly linked to one another and belong to a single complementation group, alcA. The mutations are pleiotropic, not only interfering with the establishment of the amoebal form at spore germination, but also affecting the phenotype of alc amoebae, which occasionally arise from alc spores. The alc amoebae (1) grow more slowly than wild type, particularly at elevated temperatures; (2) tend to transform directly into plasmodia, circumventing the sexual fusion of amoebae that usually accompanies plasmodium formation; and (3) form plasmodia by the sexual mechanism less efficiently than wild-type amoebae. The various effects of an alc mutation seem to derive from mutation of a single gene, since reversion for one effect is always accompanied by reversion for the other effects. Moreover, a mutation, aptA1, that blocks direct plasmodium formation by alcA amoebae, also increases their growth rate to near normal. The manner of plasmodium formation in alcA strains differs significantly from that in another class of mutants, the gad mutants. Unlike gad amoebae, alcA amoebae need not reach a critical density in order to differentiate directly into plasmodia and do not respond to the extracellular inducer of differentiation. In addition, alcA differentiation is not prevented by a mutation, npfA1, that blocks direct differentiation by most gad amoebae.
GENETIC STRUCTURE AND INTERNAL REARRANGEMENTS OF STABLE MERODIPLOIDS FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS STRAINS CARRYING THE trpE26 MUTATION
Authors: Schneider Anne-Marie , Gaisne Mauricette , Anagnostopoulos Constantine 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Transformation and transduction to tryptophan independence of strains of Bacillus subtilis carrying the "trpE26" chromosomal aberrations (a translocation and an inversion) with a "normal" 168 type strain as donor induce a tandem duplication of the thrA-ilvA region of the chromosome. The clones possessing this unstable duplication segregate besides the Trp- some stable Trp+ cells which retain only part of the duplication (the trpE-ilvA region) in nontandem configuration. Such clones may also be produced directly during the crosses. The genetic map of these clones (designated as class I stable merodiploids) was constructed: they possess the tranlocation and the inversion of the trpE26 parental strain. Another type of stable Trp+ clones (class II) also appears, although more rarely, in similar crosses. Studies on their genetic structure revealed that they are haploid for the trpE-ilvA region and carry a nontandem duplication of the thrA-trpE region. In these clones the cysB-tre region has the orientation of the 168 type strain. The duplications in both classes are stable, that of class I being more stable than that of class II where loss of one copy of the thrA-trpE region leads to about 1% haploid cells. Detailed genetic studies on heterozygous clones from both classes have shown exchange of alleles between copies of the nontandem duplications. Models are proposed for the formation of each class of merodiploids and for recombination events taking place in them. These models imply recombination at sequences of intrachromosomal homology and (or) introduction of heterologous juncions ("novel joints") by transformation or transduction.
GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN GEOGRAPHICALLY DISTANT POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER
Authors: Singh Rama S , Hickey Donal A , David Jean 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
We have studied allozyme variation at 26 gene loci in nine populations of Drosophila melanogaster originating on five different continents. The distant populations show significant genetic differentiation. However, only half of the loci studied have contributed to this differentiation; the other half show identical patterns in all populations. The genetic differentiation in North American, European and African populations is correlated with the major climatic differences between north and south. These differences arise mainly from seven loci that show gene-frequency patterns suggestive of latitudinal clines in allele frequencies. The clinal variation is such that subtropical populations are more heterozygous than temperate populations. These results are discussed in relation to the selectionist and neutralist hypotheses of genetic variation in natural populations.