bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RSDB: an easy to deploy open‐source web platform for remote sensing raster and point cloud data management, exploration and processing
Authors: Wöllauer Stephan , Zeuss Dirk , Magdon Paul , Nauss Thomas 
Published: November 2020

Monitoring biodiversity and its change over space and time is a key challenge for ecological research. Utilizing remote sensing data in ecological research has been shown to be a powerful complement to labor‐intensive field work to derive area‐wide biodiversity indices, which can also capture larger spatiotemporal areas. However, preprocessing different types of remote sensing data for specific studies often requires extensive computational skills as the algorithms for creating final data products are scattered across the literature.Our remote sensing database (RSDB, <https://github.com/environmentalinformatics‐marburg/rsdb>) serves as an integrative storage, management and processing solution for several types of remote sensing data. Transparent data processing capabilities for more than 200 biodiversity‐related indices are included and can be used to calculate ready‐to‐use data products for a variety of ecological studies. These data products, for example, leaf area, vertical distribution of biomass and foliage height derived from light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point clouds, are individually calculated for user‐specified study areas and can serve as proxies for ecological variables, such as the availability of resources or habitat heterogeneity.The primary RSDB user interface is web browser based on management, exploration, visualization and product processing capabilities. The RSDB stores data in layers that are discoverable by textual metadata and mapping on overview maps. Individual data layers can be explored using interactive maps and 3‐D visualizations. We additionally provide a seamless connection of the RSDB's functionality with the R environment through our accompanying R package for scripting and advanced processing tasks.We designed the RSDB to be an easily accessible solution for on‐demand processing of comprehensive biodiversity indices. To date, the RSDB has been used and tested in several studies, and we are convinced that it will continue to facilitate biodiversity monitoring via its application to ecological research.
Soil element coupling is driven by ecological context and atomic mass
Authors: Ochoa‐Hueso Raúl , Plaza César , Moreno‐Jiménez Eduardo , Delgado‐Baquerizo Manuel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe biogeochemical cycling of multiple soil elements is fundamental for life on Earth. Here, we conducted a global field survey across 16 chronosequences from contrasting biomes with soil ages ranging from centuries to millions of years. For this, we collected and analysed 435 topsoil samples (0–10 cm) from 87 locations. We showed that high levels of topsoil element coupling, defined as the average correlation among nineteen soil elements, are maintained over geological timescales globally. Cross‐biome changes in plant biodiversity, soil microbial structure, weathering, soil pH and texture, and mineral‐free unprotected organic matter content largely controlled multi‐element coupling. Moreover, elements with heavier atomic mass were naturally more decoupled and unpredictable in space than those with lighter mass. Only the coupling of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, which are essential to life on Earth, deviated from this predictable pattern, suggesting that this anomaly may be an undeniable fingerprint of life in terrestrial soils.
‘A journal with ambitions’: Health Libraries Review and Shane Godbolt
Authors: Morgan Peter 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn 1978, the UK Library Association's newly formed Medical, Health and Welfare Libraries Group decided to establish a newsletter for its members. This paper sets out to describe how that newsletter evolved into Health Libraries Review (subsequently Health Information and Libraries Journal) and became the premier European journal for health‐care information professionals. Drawing on both published accounts and personal reminiscences, it focuses on the role played by Shane Godbolt as the Review's founding editor. It analyses and discusses the factors that influenced her work, and concludes by summarising the lasting importance of her achievements as editor.
Fashioning the future: Shane Godbolt’s leadership of the NHS regional library and information service in North Thames and London 1992‐2003
Authors: Osborn Richard M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper reviews Shane Godbolt’s work as the National Health Service (NHS) Regional Librarian in North Thames and London between 1992 and 2003. It was a challenging time for both the NHS and the world of health care librarianship, and this article describes how the opportunities presented by continual organisational change and new ways of working were fully grasped by Shane and her colleagues to move library and information services forward in the capital, working in partnership with NHS partners and Higher Education – and laying the foundations for today’s NHS library and knowledge service.
Differences between Stevens‐Johnson syndrome versus toxic epidermal necrolysis
Authors: Nowsheen Somaira , Lehman Julia S. , el‐Azhary Rokea A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo retrospectively review the outcomes of two rare cutaneous diseases, Stevens‐Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and to question the practice of averaging the mortality rate on the assumption that they are one disease.MethodsA retrospective chart review of all patients diagnosed with SJS and TEN by a dermatologist between January 1, 2000, and January 1, 2020, at our institution was performed. Seventy‐one patients were identified (21 pediatric and 50 adults). Pathology slides from 32 adult patients (64%) were evaluated by a blinded board‐certified dermatopathologist.ResultsOf the adult patients, 31 had SJS, two had SJS‐TEN overlap, and 17 had TEN. All 21 patients in the pediatric group were diagnosed with SJS mainly caused by Mycoplasma. Mortality rates were 6.5% for SJS among adults and 35.3% for TEN. Chemotherapy‐induced TEN is a trigger with 50% mortality.ConclusionsSJS was more common in adults and pediatric cases than TEN (3:1) and had a much better prognosis and outcome. Combining and averaging the mortality rates of TEN and SJS are not advised as SJS is mainly a mucocutaneous disorder with good prognosis versus TEN, a systemic toxicity of multiple organs with deep skin detachment.
KIF2A regulates ovarian development via modulating cell cycle progression and vitollogenin levels
Authors: Gao H. , Zhang Y. , Li Y. , Lin X. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe kinesin superfamily of proteins (KIFs) are microtubule motor proteins that use the hydrolysis of ATP to power directional movement along microtubules. KIFs induce microtubule depolymerization to regulate the length and dynamics of microtubules in a variety of cell processes and structures, including the mitotic and meiotic spindles and centriole and interphase microtubules. KIF plays a significant role in the transport of organelles, protein complexes and mRNAs. The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) is a major insect pest in rice paddy fields. Ovarian development is regulated by multiple factors, including endocrine factors. The role of KIFs in brown planthopper ovarian development remains unknown. We found that downregulation of KIF2A significantly compromised the development and eclosion of the brown planthopper, delayed ovarian cell cycle progression, disrupted ovarian development, reduced the expression of MCM genes required for DNA replication and significantly reduced the number of nuclei in the follicles. We also found a significant reduction in Vg mRNA and protein levels. We conclude that downregulation of KIF2A disrupts the cell cycle progression of cells. Alternatively, the ovarian phenotype could be an indirect effect of a compromised trophic cord. In summary, KIF2A regulates ovarian development via modulating cell cycle progression and/or vitollogenin transportation.
First report of tamoxifen‐induced baboon syndrome
Authors: Mofarrah Ramin , Mofarrah Ramina , Kränke Birger , Rahmani Maziar , Jahani Amiri Kousar , Ghasemi Maryam , Jallab Naghmeh , Ghobadiaski Sueshianth , Rahmani Nazgol , Hashemi Narges 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundBaboon syndrome is a rare, type IV hypersensitivity reaction causing a maculopapular rash. Tamoxifen is an antineoplastic agent, working as an estrogen receptor antagonist, also called a selective estrogen receptor modulator. A variety of rashes were reported with Tamoxifen use to‐date except baboon syndrome. The Tamoxifen‐induced baboon syndrome seems to be reversible, as discontinuation of the drug improves clinical outcomes.AimHerein, we present the first case of Tamoxifen‐induced baboon syndrome which occurred 8 years after initiation of Tamoxifen use.PatientsA 44‐year‐old woman presented with papulovesicular eruption on her body and erythema on her face for a duration of 6 months. There was no evidence of ocular or mucosal involvement. She was diagnosed with breast cancer and treated with tamoxifen 10 mg twice daily over the past 8 years. She was not taking other medications or over‐the‐counter supplements at the time of presentation. The patient underwent urgent skin biopsies of two lesions on her buttock and thigh. No organisms were seen on Gram stain. The patient's skin biopsy revealed extensive hyperorthokeratosis, minimal parakeratosis, hypergranulosis, and lichenoid interface dermatitis in the irregularly acanthotic epidermis supporting diagnosis of fixed drug eruption. Following a multidisciplinary discussion, the patient was diagnosed with baboon syndrome or symmetrical drug‐related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE) associated with Tamoxifen.ResultsHence, Tamoxifen was immediately discontinued and treated with oral steroid along with topical agents. She showed improvement of clinical abnormalities within days after discontinuation of Tamoxifen.ConclusionsGiven the widespread use of Tamoxifen in the management of patients with breast cancer, it is important that healthcare professionals monitor for rare, however clinically significant, and potentially life‐threatening dermatological manifestations of Tamoxifen use, such as baboon syndrome.
Cold contact urticaria triggered by a permanent tattoo
Authors: Raison‐Peyron Nadia , Litovsky Julie , Huet Pascale , Dereure Olivier 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCold contact urticaria is an inducible urticaria triggered by exposure to cold air, liquids, or objects. Symptoms may range from mild, localized urticaria to genuine anaphylaxis particularly after extensive contact of large skin areas to cold. Treatment mainly requires a strict avoidance of cold exposure and the use of second‐generation H1 antihistamine. In most cases, it is not associated with any specific etiology although in rare cases it can be secondary to various associated diseases or triggered by a number of external factors. We present the observation of a 38‐year‐old woman for whom cold contact urticaria began on a recent tattoo area.
Lutheranism from Above and from Below: “Pastoral Professionals” and Trust within the Nordic State/Society Nexus
Authors: Thue Fredrik W. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe article points to the dispersion, democratization, and feminization of “pastoral” forms of power and authority since the mid‐19th century as a key to understanding the exceptionally high degree of social trust in the Nordic countries. Taking Norway as its central case, it argues that the Nordic welfare state has been shaped by an older, distinctively Lutheran–Pietist combination of educational forms of government from above and edifying popular self‐organization from below. This trust‐producing synthesis has been sustained by such “pastoral” professions as teaching, nursing, and social work, functioning as mediators between public welfare policies and the life world of citizens.
LDL cholesterol level as a risk factor for retinopathy and nephropathy in children and adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Rathsman B. , Haas J. , Persson M. , Ludvigsson J. , Svensson A.‐M. , Lind M. , Andersson Franko M. , Nyström T. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundMicrovascular complications are common in people with diabetes, where poor glycaemic control is the major contributor. The aim of this study was to explore the association between elevated LDL cholesterol levels and the risk of retinopathy or nephropathy in young individuals with type 1 diabetes.MethodsThis was a nationwide observational population‐based cohort study, including all children and adults with a duration of type 1 diabetes of ≤ 10 years, identified in the Swedish National Diabetes Register between 1998 and 2017. We calculated the crude incidence rates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and used multivariable Cox regression to estimate crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of retinopathy or nephropathy in four LDL cholesterol categories: <2.6 (Reference), 2.6–3.4, 3.4–4.1 and > 4.1 mmol L−1.ResultsIn total, 11 024/12 350 (retinopathy/nephropathy, both cohorts, respectively) children and adults (median age 21 years, female 42%) were followed up to 28 years from diagnosis until end of study. Median duration of diabetes when entering the study was 6 and 7 years in the retinopathy and nephropathy cohort, respectively. Median LDL cholesterol was 2.4 mmol L−1, and median HbA1c level was 61 mmol mol−1 (7.7 %). After multivariable adjustment, the HRs (95% CI) for retinopathy in individuals with LDL cholesterol levels of 2.6–3.4, 3.4–4.1 or > 4.1 mmol L−1 were as follows: 1.13 (1.03–1.23), 1.16 (1.02–1.32) and 1.18 (0.99–1.41), compared with the reference. The corresponding numbers for nephropathy were as follows: 1.15 (0.96–1.32), 1.30 (1.03–1.65) and 1.41 (1.06–1.89).ConclusionsYoung individuals with type 1 diabetes exposed to high LDL cholesterol levels have an increased risk of retinopathy and nephropathy independent of glycaemia and other identified risk factors for vascular complications.
Integrating the study of personality and psychopathology in the context of gene‐environment correlations across development
Authors: Perlstein Samantha , Waller Rebecca 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveA key principle of individual differences research is that biological and environmental factors jointly influence personality and psychopathology. Genes and environments interact to influence the emergence and stability of both normal and abnormal behavior (i.e., genetic predisposition, X, is exacerbated or buffered under environmental conditions, Y, or vice versa), including by shaping the neural circuits underpinning behavior. The interplay of genes and environments is also reflected in various ways in which they are correlated (i.e., rGE). That is, the same genetic factors that give rise to personality or psychopathology also shape that person's environment.MethodsIn this review, we outline passive, evocative, and active rGE processes and review the findings of studies that have addressed rGE in relation to understanding individual differences in personality and psychopathology across development.ResultsThroughout, we evaluate the question of whether it is possible, not only to differentiate the person from their problems, but also to differentiate the person from their problems and their environment.ConclusionsWe provide recommendations for future research to model rGE and better inform our ability to study personality and psychopathology, while separating the influence of the environment.
Estimation of the burden of tinea capitis among children in Africa
Authors: Bongomin Felix , Olum Ronald , Nsenga Lauryn , Namusobya Martha , Russell Laura , de Sousa Emma , Osaigbovo Iriagbonse Iyabo , Kwizera Richard , Baluku Joseph Baruch 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTinea capitis is a common and endemic dermatophytosis among school age children in Africa. However, the true burden of the disease is unknown in Africa. We aimed to estimate the burden of tinea capitis among children <18 years of age in Africa. A systematic review was performed using Embase, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews to identify articles on tinea capitis among children in Africa published between January 1990 and October 2020. The United Nation's Population data (2019) were used to identify the number of children at risk of tinea capitis in each African country. Using the pooled prevalence, the country‐specific and total burden of tinea capitis was calculated. Forty studies involving a total of 229,086 children from 17/54 African countries were identified and included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of tinea capitis was 23% (95% CI, 17%–29%) mostly caused by Trichophyton species. With a population of 600 million (46%) children, the total number of cases of tinea capitis in Africa was estimated at 138.1 (95% CI, 102.0–174.1) million cases. Over 96% (132.6 million) cases occur in sub‐Saharan Africa alone. Nigeria and Ethiopia with the highest population of children contributed 16.4% (n = 98.7 million) and 8.5% (n = 52.2 million) of cases, respectively. Majority of the participants were primary school children with a mean age of 10 years. Cases are mostly diagnosed clinically. There was a large discrepancy between the clinical and mycological diagnosis. About one in every five children in Africa has tinea capitis making it one of the most common childhood conditions in the region. A precise quantification of the burden of this neglected tropical disease is required to inform clinical and public health intervention strategies.
Parental questionnaires provided reliable data on childhood asthma compared with national registers
Authors: Strömberg Celind Frida , Vasileiadou Styliana , Goksör Emma 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundMuch of our knowledge of childhood asthma comes from questionnaire‐based studies. Our main aim was to assess the agreement between parental‐reported data at 12 years of age and data from two national Swedish registers.MethodsData were obtained from the prospective, longitudinal, population‐based Children of Western Sweden cohort, which focused on children born in 2003. The parents answered questionnaires at six months and one, four, eight and 12 years of age. Personal identity numbers linked 3634 children to the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register (SPDR) and the National Patient Register (NPR).ResultsAt 12 years of age, there was substantial overall agreement between the asthma medication reported by the parents in the questionnaire and the SPDR for any asthma medication (94.8%, kappa 0.71) and maintenance treatment (95.3%, kappa 0.68). In contrast, the agreement between the outpatient asthma diagnoses in the NPR and the questionnaire‐based asthma was 30.5% and it was 32.8% between the NPR and the dispensed asthma medication in the SPDR. Hospitalization was rare for obstructive diseases after early childhood, and 38.2% of the 12‐year‐old children only received a short‐acting beta agonist, with no maintenance treatment.ConclusionThere was good agreement between the questionnaire‐based data on asthma medication and the national drug register, but the National Patient Register provided incomplete information on asthma diagnoses, probably because it did not include primary care diagnoses. The results show that well‐constructed parental questionnaires can provide reliable data on childhood asthma.
Diversity and distribution of pathotypes of the soybean rust fungusPhakopsora pachyrhiziin East Africa
Authors: Murithi Harun M. , Soares Rafael M. , Mahuku George , van Esse H. Peter , Joosten Matthieu H. A. J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPhakopsora pachyrhiziis a biotrophic fungus that causes rust on soybean, leading to devastating yield losses. Development of resistant cultivars for deployment in different geographic regions requires a comprehensive understanding of the prevalentP.pachyrhizipathotypes. To determine the pathotypes existing in four East African countries, 65 isolates were tested on 11 soybean host differentials. In addition, the virulence spectrum of isolates collected from the same region over multiple years was compared. The majority of the isolates (54%) belonged to pathotype 1000, which was found in all countries. The pathotypes with the most complex virulence spectrum, which comprised isolates from Kenya and Malawi, were virulent on four differentials. All pathotypes were virulent on soybean genotypes carrying theRpp1resistance gene toP.pachyrhizi, but they were avirulent on cultivars carrying theRpp1b,Rpp2, orRpp3gene, as well as on cultivar No6‐12‐1 that carriesRpp2,Rpp4, andRpp5. Two of the pathotypes were virulent on cultivar UG 5 that carriesRpp1andRpp3and on Hyuuga that carriesRpp3andRpp5. The isolates collected from different countries differed in their virulence spectrum across the years. Shannon's index (H) and Simpson's index (S) of diversity indicated that the isolates from Malawi were more diverse (H = 1.55,S = 0.90) while those from Uganda had lower diversity (H = 0.78,S = 0.46 ). TheRppgenes that were found to provide resistance to all pathotypes ofP.pachyrhizican be employed for soybean breeding aimed at durable rust resistance.
Motivational orientation mediates the association between depression and cardiovascular reactivity to acute psychological stress
Authors: Keogh Tracey M. , Howard Siobhán , O’Riordan Adam , Gallagher Stephen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecent theoretical developments in cardiovascular reactivity research suggest the association between depression and blunted reactions to stress is linked to motivational factors. Thus, the present study aimed to test whether the association between depressive symptoms and cardiovascular reactivity to acute stress was mediated by motivation; be it intrinsic or extrinsic motivation. One hundred and eighty‐two healthy young adults completed measures of motivation (Global Motivation Scale; GMS), and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HADS) and had their blood pressure and heart rate monitored throughout a standardised stress testing protocol. Results indicated that depression was negatively associated with both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) reactions to the stress task (all ps < .05), such that those who reported higher depressive symptomology displayed a blunted response. Furthermore this relationship was mediated by intrinsic, but not extrinsic motivation; the blunted responses were less pronounced through intrinsic motivation. The present findings add extensively to existing research and confirm that motivation is an underlying mechanism linking depression and cardiovascular reactivity.