bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiological Profile and Human Immune Response Associated with Peri‐Implantitis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kensara Anmar , Hefni Eman , Williams Mary Ann , Saito Hanae , Mongodin Emmanuel , Masri Radi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate and synthesize the existing evidence on the microbiological and human immune response associated with peri‐implantitis in comparison to healthy implants.Materials and methodsThree electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library) were searched in October 2019 to identify clinical studies evaluating the microbiota and the immune response associated with peri‐implantitis. Two reviewers independently screened the studies and used the full text to extract the data. A qualitative synthesis was performed on the extracted data and summary tables were prepared. Due to clinical and methodological heterogeneity among included studies, no meta‐analysis was performed.ResultsForty studies were included in this review. Of these, 20 studies compared the microbiological profile of peri‐implantitis with healthy implants. Nineteen studies focused on the immune response associated with peri‐implantitis in comparison to healthy implants. Three studies focus on gene polymorphism associated with peri‐implantitis. The most commonly reported bacteria associated with peri‐implantitis were obligate anaerobe Gram‐negative bacteria (OAGNB), asaccharolytic anaerobic Gram‐positive rods (AAGPRs), and other Gram‐positive species. In regard to immune response, the most frequently reported pro‐inflammatory mediators associated with peri‐implantitis were IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐17, TNF‐α. Osteolytic mediator, e.g., RANK, RANKL, Wnt5a and proteinase enzymes, MMP‐2, MMP‐9, and Cathepsin‐K were also expressed at higher level in peri‐implantitis sites compared to control.ConclusionsPeri‐implantitis is associated with complex and different microbiota than healthy implants including bacteria, archaea, fungi, and virus. This difference in the microbiota could provoke higher inflammatory response and osteolytic activity. All of this could contribute to the physiopathology of peri‐implantitis.
Lyophilized platelets versus cryopreserved platelets for management of bleeding in thrombocytopenic dogs: A multicenter randomized clinical trial
Authors: Goggs Robert , Brainard Benjamin M. , LeVine Dana N. , Calabro Janine , Harrell Karyn , Mills Tracy , Stone Richard , Davidson Benjamin , Iacovetta Christine , Harris Lauren , Gicking John , Aslanian Mary , Ziegler Ashley , Fulcher Brenda , Lightfoot Teresa , Miller Meredith , Loftus John , Walton Rebecca , Blong April , Kishbaugh Jennifer , Hale Anne S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThrombocytopenia in dogs is common in critical care medicine, but availability of fresh platelet concentrates in veterinary medicine can be limiting. Lyophilized platelets have long shelf‐lives and can be easily transported, stored, and administered in various settings.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel trehalose‐stabilized canine lyophilized platelet product in thrombocytopenic dogs with clinically‐evident bleeding.AnimalsEighty‐eight dogs with platelet counts <50 × 103/μL and a standardized bleeding assessment tool (DOGiBAT) score ≥2.MethodsMulticenter, randomized, non‐blinded, non‐inferiority clinical trial comparing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)‐stabilized cryopreserved platelet concentrates (CPP) with trehalose‐stabilized lyophilized platelets (LP) for control of bleeding in thrombocytopenic dogs. Dogs were randomized to receive 3 × 109 platelets/kg of LP or CPP. Primary outcome measures were change in DOGiBAT score, platelet count, need for additional red cell transfusion and all‐cause mortality.ResultsFifty dogs received LP and 38 received CPP. Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics of both groups were comparable. At 1‐hour post‐transfusion, LP were superior for change in DOGiBAT score, and non‐inferior at 24‐hours post‐transfusion. The LP were non‐inferior to CPP for change in platelet count, need for additional red blood cell units, and survival to discharge. The LP were superior for change in hematocrit at 1‐hour post‐transfusion, and non‐inferior at 24‐hours. No adverse effects were noted in either group.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceA novel trehalose‐stabilized canine LP product appears to be logistically superior and is clinically non‐inferior to DMSO‐stabilized canine CPP for management of bleeding in thrombocytopenic dogs.
Composing print essays versus composing across modes: students' multimodal choices and overall preferences
Authors: Chen Cheryl Wei‐yu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe current study presents results from students' engagement of composing print essays and composing across modes on the same topic. It builds on the premise that print‐based reading and writing should complement and coexist with multimodal pedagogy. A group of Taiwanese adolescent students were invited to complete one print essay and one multimodal product on the same topic of “My favorite place in the world”. For their multimodal product, students were required to use at least two modes (e.g. words and image, sounds and words) in any medium (e.g. video, collage, scrapbook or website) of their choice. It was found that the most frequently used medium for students' multimodal projects was video which incorporated words, sounds and visuals. Most students felt that for the topic of “My favorite place in the world”, their multimodal products helped them to convey their ideas better because they provided the audience with more sensory information. To conclude the paper, a few future research directions are outlined to help move the research of multimodal composing forward.
An Undergraduate Student‐Led Neuroscience Outreach Program Shows Promise in Shifting Teen Attitudes About Drugs
Authors: Lichtenberg Nina T. , Thompson Andrew B. , Iguchi Martin Y. , Evans Christopher J. , Romero‐Calderón Rafael 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTDrug Outreach, Promoting Awareness (DOPA) is an undergraduate outreach program for local high school students designed to convey the neurobiological basis, risks, and addictive potential of commonly abused drugs. Here we describe DOPA and evaluate the program, including its impact on high school student attitudes about drug harm risk and addiction. Undergraduate neuroscience students versed in the neurobiology, physiology, and policy of drugs are trained in active learning methods, enabling them to create engaging and interactive classroom‐based educational materials. Survey results showed that participation in DOPA increased high school student perceptions of the addictive potential and harm risk of drugs, which studies have shown to be inversely correlated with drug‐taking. High school students also responded positively to the interactive nature of the program. These findings demonstrate how extensively trained undergraduates who are close peers to high school students can effectively lead science outreach initiatives and shift adolescent attitudes about drugs.
Pathophysiology and treatment options for gastroesophageal reflux disease: looking beyond acid
Authors: Sharma Priya , Yadlapati Rena 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a disorder due to the retrograde flow of refluxate into the esophagus. Although GERD is a common clinical diagnosis, its pathogenesis is quite complex. As a result of its multifactorial development, many patients continue to experience adverse symptoms due to GERD despite prolonged acid suppression with proton pump inhibitor therapy. The pathogenesis of GERD involves an interplay of chemical, mechanical, psychologic, and neurologic mechanisms, which contribute to symptom presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. As such, GERD should be approached as a disorder beyond acid. This review will investigate the major factors that contribute to the development of GERD, including factors related to the refluxate, esophageal defenses, and factors that promote pathologic reflux into the esophagus. In reviewing GERD pathogenesis, this paper will highlight therapeutic advances, with mention of future opportunities of study when approaching GERD.
The Use of Autologous Iliotibial Band With Gerdy's Tubercle for Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Zhuo Hongwu , Zhu Fugui , Pan Ling , Li Jian 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveTo determine the radiographic and functional outcomes after autologous iliotibial band with Gerdy's tubercle (ITB‐GT) interposition in patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears (IRCTs).MethodsFrom December 2015 to March 2017, a total of 16 patients who underwent autologous ITB‐GT interposition for IRCTs were identified, including 4 males and 12 females. The mean age was 56.1 ± 10.3 years (range, 44–67 years). Functional assessment consisted of active range of motion (ROM), Visual Analogue scale (VAS), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Constant–Murley score, and patient satisfaction rate. The tendon integrity and acromiohumeral interval (AHI) were assessed by postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).ResultsThe mean duration of follow‐up was 25.3 ± 3.5 months. At final follow‐up, the patients exhibited significantly improved forward elevation, external rotation, and internal rotation (75.00° ± 13.16° to 159.37° ± 8.51°, t = 26.71, P = 0.001; 17.81° ± 11.54° to 35.31° ± 8.26°, t = 6.57, P = 0.001; 2 to 11, t = 13.10, P = 0.001). Other functional outcomes as measured by VAS score, ASES score, and Constant–Murley score also improved significantly (6.50 ± 1.41 to 1.06 ± 0.93, t = 11.68, P = 0.001; 38.50 ± 8.68 to 81.75 ± 6.80, t = 15.42, P = 0.001; 32.50 ± 8.53 to 77.12 ± 6.72, t = 17.28, P = 0.001). The overall satisfaction rate was 87.5%. The postoperative MRI showed that the tendon integrity was fully intact in 14 patients and partially intact in two patients. The AHI improved significantly from 3.63 ± 1.25 mm preoperatively to 8.37 ± 1.02 mm postoperatively (t = 11.78, P = 0.001).ConclusionAutologous ITB‐GT interposition was a useful treatment option for patients with IRCTs, which resulted in significant improvements in active ROM, subjective functional outcomes, and AHI with excellent tendon integrity at a minimum 2‐year follow‐up.
Psychoeducational intervention on burden and emotional well‐being addressed to informal caregivers of people with dementia
Authors: Frias Cindy E. , Risco Ester , Zabalegui Adelaida 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn dementia it is necessary that a family member become an informal caregiver. This labour has social, physical and emotional repercussions on the caregiver's health. The objective was to assesses the impact of the INFOSA‐DEM intervention on burden and emotional well‐being among caregivers of people with dementia, evaluating the effects at 3 and 6 months.MethodWe adopted an experimental, non‐randomised design with an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group received the intervention and the control group received usual care. The study was carried out in the catchment areas of three centres specialising in the care of people with cognitive impairment in the province of Barcelona.ResultsAt 3 months, there was an improvement with respect to burden in the intervention group with a significant worsening (P < 0.012) in the control group. Similarly, a positive effect on emotional well‐being was observed in the intervention group compared with a small negative effect among controls.ConclusionsPrograms addressed to informal caregivers based on psychoeducational and cognitive‐behavioural therapies are effective in improving quality of life and emotional well‐being, and in reducing burden, with a positive effect on the quality of care provided at home.
The Effectiveness of a Large‐Scale Flood Risk Awareness Campaign: Evidence from Two Panel Data Sets
Authors: Osberghaus Daniel , Hinrichs Hendrik 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the context of integrated flood risk management, governments and public agencies aim to strengthen flood risk reduction and insurance at the household level. They often employ awareness campaigns in order to educate the public about flood risk and possible coping strategies. However, the effectiveness of these awareness campaigns has hardly been examined empirically, and the available analyses come to ambiguous conclusions. Evaluations based on longitudinal data of actual household behavior are missing. In this study, we perform two independent empirical analyses to assess whether a large‐scale awareness campaign in Germany affected private flood protection or insurance behavior. We thereby exploit the fact that different federal states initiated the campaign at different points in time between 2009 and 2017. In the first analysis, we use a longitudinal data set of a national sample of 6,729 household heads in the years 2012 and 2014 and focus on three federal states that launched the campaign in 2013. In the second analysis, we use flood damage and insurance penetration data at the federal state level from 2002 to 2018 (N = 256). Based on a fixed effects difference‐in‐differences estimator, we do not find that the campaign had a significant effect on households’ behaviors, damage, or insurance penetration. The results show that large‐scale flood risk awareness campaigns, as they are currently conducted in many countries, have a limited effectiveness in terms of strengthening actual flood protection or insurance behavior of households.
Becoming Academically Eligible: University Enrollment among First‐Generation, Rural College Goers*
Authors: Whiteside Jasmine L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractScholarship on first‐generation students from rural areas has largely analyzed educational barriers to college going and completion rather than acknowledge the unique matriculation process and sources of support that aid in circumventing educational barriers. Building on prior educational mobility literatures and utilizing an anti‐deficit achievement framework, I draw from 20 in‐depth interviews with first‐generation, rural students to analyze support structures and the strategies these students employed to bypass class, race and geographic barriers to college enrollment. As my findings highlight, these students had limited access to college preparatory materials and classes while in high school, yet they and their families employed creative strategies and mechanisms that counteracted the educational resources they were lacking. My discussion highlights these strategies and mechanisms, and I conclude by suggesting future research directions—directions that recognize both challenges and opportunities for college going rural student populations.
Barriers to kidney transplantation in ESKD
Authors: Venkataraman Sandheep , Kendrick Jessica 
Published: October 2020

AbstractKidney transplantation is the ideal treatment option for patients with end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD). Since there is clear mortality benefit to receiving a transplant regardless of comorbidities and age, the gold standard of care should focus on attaining kidney transplantation and minimizing, or better yet eliminating, time on dialysis. Unfortunately, only a small percentage of patients with ESKD receive a kidney transplant. Several barriers to kidney transplantation have been identified. Barriers can largely be grouped into three categories: patient‐related, physician/provider‐related, and system‐related. Several barriers fall into multiple categories and play a role at various levels within the healthcare system. Acknowledging and understanding these barriers will allow transplant centers and dialysis facilities to make the necessary interventions to mitigate these disparities, optimize the transplant evaluation process, and improve patient outcomes. This review will discuss these barriers and potential interventions to increase access to kidney transplantation.
Preparing students for the future through developing evaluative judgement
Authors: Naidoo Ornissa , Tai Joanna , Penman Merrolee 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn today’s environment, health students need to be prepared for an ever changing workplace and workforce. They need to understand what demonstrates good quality work and how to assess their standard of work. Evaluative judgement can contribute to student and graduate self‐regulation and autonomy in their learning. This toolbox article describes how to implement strategies for developing evaluative judgement in allied health placements. These strategies were developed as part of an occupational therapy program in rural Western Australia, where experiential education is provided through service‐learning with both direct and indirect supervision. Practical advice is provided on the use of peer‐assisted learning, rubrics, self‐assessment and feedback. Challenges and opportunities in implementing strategies to develop evaluative judgement, such as how to achieve effective feedback, are also discussed. The suggested toolbox may be adapted to various clinical placement contexts. Developing evaluative judgement can help to prepare our students to be lifelong learners. This article empowers educators to promote this capability in their students to create work ready graduates, who are able to operate independently and in rapidly evolving, technologically enabled environments
Inter‐donor variability in deformability of red blood cells in blood units
Authors: Barshtein Gregory , Rasmusen Tanja L. , Zelig Orly , Arbell Dan , Yedgar Saul 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the donor‐to‐donor variability in the deformability of red blood cells (RBCs) from freshly collected blood donations (F‐RBC) and packed RBCs.BackgroundPacked RBCs are supplied for transfusion by the first‐in‐first‐out (FIFO) criterion, assuming that their quality is the same for packed RBCs with equal storage duration. To challenge this notion, we determined the deformability of F‐RBC and packed RBCs stored for different durations.MethodsThree RBC groups were employed: A. 79 samples of F‐RBC; B. 76 samples of packed RBC units, randomly used for transfusion at different storage durations; and C. 65 samples of outdated packed RBCs stored for 35 to 37 days. All packed RBC units were non‐leukofiltrated and stored in Citrate‐phosphate‐dextrose solution with adenine (CPDA‐1). RBC deformability was determined using a computerised cell‐flow properties analyser, which monitors the shape change of cells directly visualised in a narrow‐gap flow chamber and provides the cells' deformability distribution in a large RBC population.ResultsThe F‐RBC deformability exhibited a wide‐range inter‐donor variability. The cold storage of packed RBCs exerted a mild reduction of deformability, which became significant, compared to the initial inter‐donor variability, only after 3 weeks of storage.ConclusionPacked RBCs are generally supplied for transfusion by the FIFO criterion based on the assumption that the storage duration is a key factor of RBC quality. This study demonstrates that the deformability of red blood cells is significantly different in donors, and substantial variability persists throughout the entire process of their storage. Therefore, the FIFO criterion is not sufficient for assessing the RBC deformability, which should, therefore, be specifically characterised for each unit.
Design, development and evaluation of Artificial Breathing Capability Device (ABCD): a novel innovation for respiratory support
Authors: Mathew Joseph L , Sharma Manu , Gawri Ankush , Sukesha  , Kumar Navin , Chander Amanpreet , Mathew Preethy J 
Published: October 2020

Objective
The paucity of mechanical ventilators necessitates development of innovative respiratory support devices.

Methods
We developed the Artificial Breathing Capability Device (ABCD) to automate compression of self-inflating bags (SIB), while controlling peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), ventilation rate (VR) and inspiration to expiration time (I:E) ratio (as in a conventional ventilator). ABCD has additional smart features including self-regulatory checks, auto cut-off during cough, endotracheal tube disconnection and blockage alarms, and SIB disconnection alarm. ABCD was tested non-stop for 60 days with 396 user combinations, using adult-size and paediatric-size SIB. The device was evaluated for robustness, reliability and precision.

Results
ABCD did not have mechanical, electrical or electronic failures during continuous testing under various ambient conditions, confirming robustness. Reliability and precision evaluated by the proportion of user combinations showing <10% deviation from the set parameters showed: PIP 100%, VR 100% and I:E 84.3% with an adult SIB. The corresponding proportions with a paediatric-size SIB were 85.4%, 100% and 95.5%. With both SIB, the only combinations showing >10% deviation were outside the physiologic range.

Conclusion
ABCD is a safe, efficacious and cost-effective option, which could be considered for adults and children in the context of ventilator shortages especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Computed tomography aortic valve calcium scoring for the assessment of aortic stenosis progression
Authors: Doris Mhairi Katrina , Jenkins William , Robson Philip , Pawade Tania , Andrews Jack Patrick , Bing Rong , Cartlidge Timothy , Shah Anoop , Pickering Alice , Williams Michelle Claire , Fayad Zahi A , White Audrey , van Beek Edwin JR , Newby David E , Dweck Marc R 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveCT quantification of aortic valve calcification (CT-AVC) is useful in the assessment of aortic stenosis severity. Our objective was to assess its ability to track aortic stenosis progression compared with echocardiography.MethodsSubjects were recruited in two cohorts: (1) a reproducibility cohort where patients underwent repeat CT-AVC or echocardiography within 4 weeks and (2) a disease progression cohort where patients underwent annual CT-AVC and/or echocardiography. Cohen’s d-statistic (d) was computed from the ratio of annualised progression and measurement repeatability and used to estimate group sizes required to detect annualised changes in CT-AVC and echocardiography.ResultsA total of 33 (age 71±8) and 81 participants (age 72±8) were recruited to the reproducibility and progression cohorts, respectively. Ten CT scans (16%) were excluded from the progression cohort due to non-diagnostic image quality. Scan-rescan reproducibility was excellent for CT-AVC (limits of agreement −12% to 10 %, intraclass correlation (ICC) 0.99), peak velocity (−7% to +17%; ICC 0.92) mean gradient (−25% to 27%, ICC 0.96) and dimensionless index (−11% to +15%; ICC 0.98). Repeat measurements of aortic valve area (AVA) were less reliable (−44% to +28%, ICC 0.85).CT-AVC progressed by 152 (65–375) AU/year. For echocardiography, the median annual change in peak velocity was 0.1 (0.0–0.3) m/s/year, mean gradient 2 (0–4) mm Hg/year and AVA −0.1 (−0.2–0.0) cm2/year. Cohen’s d-statistic was more than double for CT-AVC (d=3.12) than each echocardiographic measure (peak velocity d=0.71 ; mean gradient d=0.66; AVA d=0.59, dimensionless index d=1.41).ConclusionCT-AVC is reproducible and demonstrates larger increases over time normalised to measurement repeatability compared with echocardiographic measures.