bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rare coding variants in axonemal dynein heavy chain genes are associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Wang Yunjia , Liu Zhenhao , Yang Guanteng , Troutwine Benjamin , Gao Yang , Chen Hao , Xiao Lige , Li Jiong , Terune Elizabeth , Wethey Cambria , Guo Chaofeng , Tang Mingxing , Miller Nancy , Xu Shuhua , Xie Lu , Zhang Hongqi , Gray Ryan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common pediatric musculoskeletal disorder worldwide, characterized by atypical spine curvatures in otherwise healthy children. Human genetic studies have identified candidate genes associated with AIS, however, only a few of these genes have been shown to recapitulate adult-viable scoliosis in animal models. To further define susceptibility loci for AIS, we performed whole exome sequencing on a cohort of 195 Han Chinese AIS patients and 229 healthy controls. We identified members of the axonemal dynein family associated with both sporadic and familial AIS. We demonstrate that disruption of the dynein axonemal heavy chain 10 (dnah10) gene results in recessive adult-viable scoliosis in zebrafish. These dnah10 mutant zebrafish display reduced ependymal cilia beating and a disassembly of the Reissner fiber in the hindbrain and spinal canal, concurrent with the onset of body curvatures. Altogther, these results demonstrate that mutations in axonemal dynein genes are linked with human AIS and suggest that ependymal cell cilia function plays an essential role in maintaining spine alignment in humans.
Wafer-scale integration of stretchable semiconducting polymer microstructures via capillary gradient
Authors: Qiu Yuchen , Zhang Bo , Yang Junchuan , Gao Hanfei , Li Shuang , Wang Le , Wu Penghua , Feng Jiangang , Wu Yuchen , Jiang Lei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Organic semiconducting polymers have opened a new paradigm for soft electronics due to their intrinsic flexibility and solution processibility. However, the contradiction between the mechanical stretchability and electronic performances restricts the implementation of high-mobility polymers with rigid molecular backbone in highly deformable devices. Here, we report the realization of high electronic performance and high stretchability on curvilinear polymer microstructures fabricated by solution-processing capillary-gradient-mediated assembly method. Curvilinear polymer microstructure arrays are fabricated with highly ordered molecular packing, precisely controlled geometry and alignment, and wafer-scale homogeneity, leading to high hole mobilities of 4.3 and 2.6 cm2 V− 1 s− 1 under zero and 100% strain, respectively. Fully stretchable field-effect transistors and logic circuits can be integrated through all-solution process using assembled curvilinear microstructure semiconducting channels, organic dielectrics and carbon-nanotube electrodes. Based on these fully stretchable devices, 92% preservation of carrier mobility is realized after 1000 stretch-release cycle under 50% strain. Long-range homogeneity is demonstrated with the narrow distribution of height, width, mobility, on-off ratio and threshold voltage across a four-inch wafer. This solution-assembly method provides a platform for wafer-scale and reproducible integration of high-performance soft electronic devices and circuits based on conjugated organic semiconductors.
Landslide Susceptibility Zonation Using Geospatial Technologies and Multi Criteria Evaluation Techniques in Upper Didessa Sub-basin, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammednur Redwan Sultan , Gemeda Dessalegn Obsi , Deribew Kiros Tsegay 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Landslide is a serious geo-hazard that poses destruction and loses of life in different part of the world. The severity of the problem is higher in developing countries like Ethiopia. This study is aimed at assessing the spatial landslide susceptibility in the upper Didessa sub-basin using GIS and multi criteria evaluation (MCE) techniques. In order to reach this objective both primary (field survey) and secondary data (expert interview, literature, remote sensing data, digital soil map and geological map) were obtained from various source. Eleven landslide causative factor identified in this research are slope, aspect, drainage density, topographic wetness index (TWI), stream power index (SPI), topographic ruggedness index, hypsometric integral, lithology, LULC, soil texture, and distance from road. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method was employed to identify the weight of each indicator from the pairwise comparison matrix. The weighted linear combination was then used to generate landslide susceptibility map (LSM). Based on landslide susceptibility, the study area was classified into very high, high, moderate, low, and very low susceptibility zones. Finally, based on the eleven-landslide causative factor analysis, about 24% of the study area is moderately susceptible, while 12% and 6% were classified as high and very high susceptibility to landslides, respectively. The results of this study could help decision makers for future landslide hazardous preventions and mitigation strategies.
Perceptions of Oncology as a Career Choice Among the Early Career Doctors in Pakistan
Authors: Rehman Muhammad Aemaz , Farooq Hareem , Rehman Muhammad Ebaad , Ali Muhammad Mohsin , Zafar Amjad , Khokhar Muhammad Abbas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The lack of oncologists is a growing global concern. In Pakistan the scarcity of oncologists compared to the growing cancer burden is alarming, with approximately only 125 trained oncologists available for a population above 201 million. Furthermore, oncology is a lower ranked professional field of choice among Pakistani medical students. This study aims to determine the opinions of young doctors regarding oncology and the factors affecting their preferences in order to devise strategies to attract more doctors into the field.Methods: A cross-sectional study using non-probability sampling technique was conducted across various public and private sectors hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan, from March to November 2019. 300 doctors were interviewed via a close-ended, pre-validated questionnaire, which included demographic details as well as assessment of perception regarding oncology on the basis of workplace environment, financial and emotional aspects, nature of work and scope of field. Data was analyzed by SPSS 23 with quantitative variables presented as mean ± S.D, and qualitative variables presented as frequency and percentages. The influence of perceptions on ‘Oncology as a Career Choice’ was determined by binary logistic regression analysis.Results: Out of 300, a huge majority of 72.7% chose not to prefer oncology as a career if given a chance to decide. The positive perceptions about oncology in descending order were: progressive field (85.3%), gender-neutral specialty (77%), stable working hours (61%), financially healthy specialty (47.7%) and work-family balance (46.7%). Among the top negative perceptions were: lack of oncologic facilities in Pakistani hospitals (70%), radiation exposure (66%), need for private practice (60.7%), poor patient prognosis (56.7%), high patient load (55.7%) and depression (54.3%). The most influential factors in favor of/against the choice were late presentation of patients leading to poor prognosis, cancer survivor/ death in the family, already having an oncologist in the family, type of medical school attended, stage of medical career and future plan to settle abroad.Conclusion: Alignment of the environment in oncology with the preferences of young doctors and addressing their concerns are key to attracting doctors to this field. This can minimize the doctor-population discrepancy in this field in our country.
Feasibility of a High-Pitch Protocol for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Evaluation in Patients not Suitable for ECG-Gated CT
Authors: Shnayien Seyd , Bressem Keno , Beetz Nick , Vahldiek Janis , Hamm Bernd , Niehues Stefan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
High-Pitch CT for TAVR Evaluation in Patients not Suitable for ECG-GatingThe use of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been established to be non-inferior to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). As a result, in the United States, more patients now undergo TAVR than SAVR. It is recommended that preprocedural CT imaging for aortic valve evaluation and optimal sizing should include an ECG-gated scan of, at least, the aortic root. However, many patients suffer from concomitant tachyarrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation, which may seriously degrade the diagnostic accuracy of ECG-gated scans. The aim of the present study is to explore whether a high-pitch non-ECG-gated computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the entire aorta can render similar diagnostic preprocedural images as a standard ECG-gated scan. 108 patients were included. Objective image quality parameters such as image noise, CNR and SNR as well as subjective image quality analysis by two different readers were compared. The results showed a significant increase in image noise at the level of the aortic root with use of the high-pitch protocol (p = 0.001). Otherwise, our study revealed no significant differences in subjective and objective image quality. Diagnostic image quality was achieved in all patients without a record of inaccurate sizing in the surgical reports or subsequent patient histories.
Novel structure of active platinum-bismuth site for oxidation of carbon monoxide
Authors: Nan Bing , Fu Qiang , Shu Miao , Zhou Lulu , Wang Wei-Wei , Jia Chun-Jiang , Ma Chao , Chen Jun-Xiang , Li Lina , Si Rui 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
As the technology development, the future advanced combustion engines must be designed to perform at a low temperature. Thus, it is a great challenge to synthesize high active and stable catalysts to resolve exhaust below 100 °C. Here, we report that bismuth as a dopant added to form platinum-bismuth cluster on silica for CO oxidation. The highly reducible oxygen species provided by surface metal-oxide (M-O) interface could be activated by CO at low temperature (~ 50 °C) with a high CO2 production rate of 487 µmolCO2·gPt−1·s− 1 at 110 °C. Experiment data combined with density functional calculation (DFT) results demonstrate that Pt cluster with surface Pt−O−Bi structure is the active site for CO oxidation via providing moderate CO adsorption and activating CO molecules with electron transformation between platinum atom and carbon monoxide. These findings provide a novel and general approach towards design of potential outstanding performance catalysts for redox reaction.
ICG Fluorescence Imaging in Colorectal Surgery: A Snapshot from the ICRAL Study Group
Authors: Baiocchi Gian Luca 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundFluorescence-guided visualization represents a recently proposed technology in colorectal surgery. Possible uses include perfusion evaluation, lymph node navigation and search for hepatic metastases and peritoneal spread. Despite the absence of high-level evidence, this technique gained considerable popularity among colorectal surgeons, due to its significant reliability, easy and safe use and the relatively low cost. However, the actual use of this technique in daily clinical practice has not been reported to date.MethodsThe survey was conducted on April 2020 among 44 centres dealing with colorectal diseases, participating to the Italian ColoRectal Anastomotic Leakage (iCral) study group. Surgeons were about equally divided on the basis of a geographical criterion from multiple Italian regions, with a large proportion of public (89.1%) and non-academic (75.7%) centres. They were invited answering to an online survey in order to make a snapshot of their current behaviours regarding the use of fluorescence-guided visualization in colorectal surgery. Questions about technological availability, indications and techniques, personal approach and feeling were collected in a 23-item questionnaire.ResultsQuestionnaire replies were received from 37 institutions, and partially answered by 8 of them, who don’t have the fluorescence technology (21.6%). Out of the remaining 29 centres (78,4%), fluorescence is utilized in all laparoscopic colorectal resections by 72.4% of surgeons and only in selected cases in the remaining 27.6%, while 62.1% of respondents don’t use fluorescence in open surgery (unless the perfusion is macroscopically doubtful with the naked eye for 41.4% of them). The survey also suggests that there is no agreement on dilution, dosing and timing, as many different practices are adopted, based on personal belief. Only about half of surgeons reported reduced leak rate with fluorescence perfusion assessment, but 65.5% of them strongly believe that this technique will become a minimum requirement in colorectal surgery in the future. ConclusionThe survey confirms that fluorescence is becoming a widely used technique in colorectal surgery. However, both the indications and methods still vary considerably; furthermore, the surgeons' perception of results is still not enough to consider this technology essential. This survey emphasizes the need for further research to reach recommendations based on solid scientific evidences.
The Force Effects of Two Types of Polyethylene Terephthalate Glyc-olmodified Clear Aligners Immersed in Artificial Saliva
Authors: Xiang Biao , Wang Xingxing , Wu Gang , Xu Yichen , Wang Menghan , Yang Yanjing , Wang Qingyu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Numerous factors can influence the force exerted by clear aligners teeth. This study aimed to investigate the stability of the force delivered by two different material appliances. 90 clear aligners with 2 materials and three different activations were designed and fabricated. Then, a device was employed to measure the force generated by the two types of PET-G material appliances immersed in artificial saliva for 0, 3, 7, 10, 14 days. Scanning electron microscopy was applied to observe the morphologic alterations on the aligner surfaces, respectively. The forces generated by different activation appliance exhibited differently, 0.0 mm < 0.1 mm < 0.2 mm. In addition, increasing the immersion times and the orthodontic force also decreased , but the forces decreased differently. Compared with the forces of conventional PETG appliances with 0.20 mm activation, the modified PETG appliances with the same activation exhibited significantly higher mean force. When comparing the mean force for modified PETG appliances after 10 and 14 days with conventional PETG appliances, the delivery forces exhibited significant differences (P<0.05). The force delivered by both materials decreased obviously following artificial saliva immersion, and the force generated by modified aligners exhibited better stability than conventional aligners.
Multimorbidity Clustering of the Emergency Department Patient Flow: Impact Analysis of New Unscheduled Care Clinics
Authors: Wartelle Adrien , Mourad-Chehade Farah , Yalaoui Farouk , Questiaux Hélène , Monneret Thomas , Solivau Ghilain , Chrusciel Jan , Duclos Antoine , Laplanche David , Sanchez Stéphane 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: In France, the number of admissions to emergency departments doubled between 1996 and 2016, leading to overcrowding. To cope with the resultant overcrowding, redirecting patients to new healthcare services is a viable solution, to spread demand more evenly across available healthcare delivery points, and render care more efficient. The goal of this study was to analyse the impact of opening new unscheduled care services on variations in patient attendance at a large emergency department. Methods: We performed a before-and-after study investigating the use of unscheduled care services in the Aube Department (Eastern France), focusing on emergency department attendance of Troyes Hospital. We applied a hierarchical clustering based on co-occurrence of diagnoses, to divide the population into different multimorbidity profiles and study their temporal trends. A multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to adjust the period effect for appropriate confounders. Results: In total, 120,718 visits to the emergency department were recorded over a 24-month period (2018-2019), and 14 clusters were identified accounting for 94.76% of all visits. The before-and-after analysis showed a decrease of 57.95 visits per week in 7 specific clusters, while the consumption of unscheduled health care services increased by 328.12 visits per week.Conclusions: Using an innovative and reliable methodology to evaluate changes in patient flow through the emergency department, our results could help to inform public health policy regarding the implementation of unscheduled care services, to ease pressure on emergency departments.
Comparative Effectiveness of and Maternal Acceptability with Cervical Ripening uSing cErvicaL Massage vErsuS Membrane Sweep (CEASELESS): A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Madugalle T.M.S.S.B , Jayasundara D.M.C.S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Methods-This randomized controlled non-blinded clinical trial conducted at a leading tertiary obstetric care unit in Colombo, Sri Lanka, compared the maternal acceptability and effectiveness of membrane sweep (MS) and cervical massage (CM) in ripening uterine cervix to avoid formal induction of labour. MS, CM and control (C) groups had 104, 106 and 102 women after randomization. Primiparous women underwent either MS or CM at 39th and 40th weeks while multiparous women underwent at 40th week of gestation only. All were followed up until 24 hours postpartum. 100, 102 and 101 women in MS, CM and C groups respectively were included in the analysis. Results- Overall, MS significantly improved Modified Bishop’s Score (MBS) to ≥7 compared to C (p=0.0310) but not compared to CM (p=0.2639). There was no significant improvement of MBS after CM compared to C (p=0.2795). Among primiparous (p=0.047) and multiparous (p=0.038) women separately, mean survival times without going into labour (MBS ≥7) were significantly shorter after MS compared to C but not compared to CM. Hospital stay for delivery was less overall after both MS (p=0.0015) and CM (p=0.0197). There were no significant differences between MS, CM and C groups with regards to synthetic oxytocin use, uterine hyperstimulation during labour, emergency cesarean section rate in labour, postpartum hemorrhage, maternal fever and APGAR score at 5 minutes. Maternal acceptability was assessed using a validated questionnaire consisting of 4 Likert scale items (S-CVI = 0.875; Cronbach’s Alfa = 0.876). Maternal acceptability score of CM was significantly higher than that of MS during overall analysis as well as during subgroup analysis according to parity (p=0.0011). Conclusions- MS is an effective adjunct to induction which ripens cervix, prevents formal induction of labour (NNT = 7), significantly reduces the duration of pregnancy and shortens hospital stay for delivery overall. Although CM is more acceptable than MS and shortened hospital stay for delivery overall, it is not an effective method to ripen the uterine cervix or to prevent formal induction labour regardless of parity. This trial was self-funded. Trial Registration No - SLCTR/2020/003, Universal Trial Number - U 1111-1244-8026.
Preoperative C-Reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio and Oral Health in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Keinänen Arvi , Uittamo Johanna , Marinescu-Gava Magdalena , Kainulainen Satu , Snäll Johanna 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background The C-reactive protein to albumin (CRP/alb) ratio can predict early mortality of a hospitalized patient. We evaluated factors that influence the preoperative CRP/alb ratio in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients and in particular clarified the role of oral health to this ratio. Materials and Methods Data from surgically treated OSCC patients were collected retrospectively. Patient 3-month mortality was recorded. The outcome variables were preoperative CRP/alb ratio, CRP level, and alb level. The studied predictors were total number of teeth, periodontal stability, marginal bone loss, tumour stage, T-class, lymph node status, and site. The statistical significance of age, sex, comorbidity combination of age and disease history (Charlson Comorbidity Index [CCI]), smoking, and alcohol history for outcome variables were evaluated.Results A total of 159 patients were included in the study. The early mortality was 3.8%. CRP/alb was higher in these patients than in those who survived. The only independent variables for CRP/alb changes were CCI and heavy alcohol use. The CRP/alb ratio was significantly lower in non-heavy alcohol users (odds ratio [OR] 0.114, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.024-0.541; adjusted p=0.006) than in other patients. Patients with CCI 0-1 were more likely to have a lower CRP/alb ratio than patients with CCI ≥5 (OR 0.033, 95% CI 0.004-0.284; adjusted p=0.002). Conclusions The CRP/alb ratio was high in OSCC patients with combined comorbities of age and disease history and in patients with heavy alcohol use. Oral health or tumour-related variables did not independently affect the CRP/alb ratio. The CRP/alb ratio appears suitable for prediction of OSCC patient early survival.
Assessment of Macular Function in Patients With Non-Vascularized Pigment Epithelial Detachment
Authors: Asaoka Ryo , Inoue Tatsuya , Amari Tatsuaki , Komatsu Kayoko , Yamamoto Motoshi , Ogawa Asako , Aoki Nobuyori , Yamanari Masashiro , Sugiyama Satoshi , Aihara Makoto , Kato Satoshi , Azuma Keiko , Maruyama-Inoue Maiko , Kadonosono Kazuaki , Obata Ryo , Kitano Marie , Fujita Asahi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Non-vascularized pigment epithelial detachments (PED) are usually associated with dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between visual function and morphologic parameters. Seventeen eyes of eleven patients with non-vascularized AMD were enrolled. In addition to conventional optical coherence tomography (OCT), polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) measurements were performed by evaluating the regularity of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) entropy within the PED area. Retinal sensitivity was measured with MP-3 microperimetry, and retinal sensitivities within (RSin) and outside (RSout) the PED area were calculated. The relationship between OCT parameters and visual function was analyzed. As a result, there was a significant difference between the RSin and RSout (p < 0.001, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Moreover, RSin was significantly related to logMAR VA (p = 0.033, linear mixed model). The regularity of RPE entropy was significantly related to visual acuity and RSin (p = 0.00038, p = 0.031, linear mixed model), although neither the height nor area of PED correlated with visual function. Our results suggest that retinal sensitivity is significantly deteriorated within the PED area and RPE entropy measured with PS-OCT was closely related to visual function in eyes with non-vascularized PED.