bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The pursuit of good microbiological conditions in domestic softeners: a new improvement
Authors: Bolelli L. , Ferri Elida Nora , Sangiorgi Stefano , Novelli Giuseppe , Girotti Stefano 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Effective resin disinfection is mandatory to ensure the microbiological quality of water treated by domestic softeners. The wet and sometimes warm environment inside the softener is ideal for bacteria growth. Our research was focused on the evaluation of the microbial quality of water from softeners sanitized by chlorine solutions or by electrolytic systems. We employed the heterotrophic plate count and specific tests to monitor the presence of opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, enterococci, and coliforms). Completely new devices were equipped with a commercially available electrolytic system or with a newly patented one or sanitized by automatic or manual addition of chlorine solutions. In all cases, the contamination was reduced, not completely avoided. In particular, the patented electrolytic system significantly reduced bacterial proliferation in strongly contaminated devices. Our data confirm the difficulties encountered to solve the problem of microbiological quality of softened water and offer encouraging information on new possible solutions.
This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.
Effect of Spathiphyllum blandum on the removal of ibuprofen and conventional pollutants from polluted river water, in fully saturated constructed wetlands at mesocosm level
Authors: Sandoval Luis , Marín-Muñíz José Luis , Adame-García Jacel , Fernández-Lambert Gregorio , Zurita Florentina 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this study, the effect of Spathiphyllum blandum on the removal of ibuprofen (IB) and conventional pollutants such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium (NH4+-N), total phosphorus (TP), and total suspended solids (TSS) is reported; this, through its use as an emergent vegetation in fully saturated (FS) constructed wetlands (CWs) at mesocosm level treating polluted river water. With the exception of TP and COD, it was found that for TN (12%), NH4+-N (11%), TSS (19%), and IB (23%), the removals in systems with vegetation were superior to systems without vegetation (p &lt; 0.05). These findings demonstrate the importance of the species S. blandum, in particular, for the removal of ibuprofen, which is an anti-inflammatory drug commonly found in effluents of wastewater treatment plants. Thus, the results obtained provide information that can be used for the design of future efficient large-scale systems using a new ornamental species, mainly under tropical climatic conditions.
This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.
Natural Products Containing Olefinic Bond: Important Substrates for Semi-synthetic Modification Towards Value Addition
Authors: Singh Meenakshi , Ravichandiran V. , Bharitkar Yogesh P. , Hazra Abhijit 
Published: March 2020

:
Semi-synthesis, the way of preparing novel bioactive molecules via modification
of compounds isolated from natural sources is very much useful nowadays in the drug discovery
process. The modification is based on the reaction of functional group(s) present in a
natural compound. Among the examples of functional group transformation, double bond
modification is also common in the literature. Several reactions like hydrogenation, cyclopropanation,
epoxidation, addition reaction (halogenations, hydroxylation), Michael addition,
Heck reaction, cycloaddition, dipolar cycloaddition, etc. are employed for this purpose.
In this review, we have tried to gather the reactions performed with several double bond
containing classes of natural products like diterpenes, xanthones, sesquiterpene exomethylene lactones, diaryl
heptanoids, steroidal lactones, triterpenoids, limonoids, and alkamides. Where available, the effects of transformations
on the biological activities of the molecules are also mentioned.
Systematic Review and Study of S Curves for Biomass Quantification in Solid-state Fermentation (SSF) and Digital Image Processing (DIP) Applied to Biomass Measurement in Food Processes
Authors: Oviedo-Lopera Juan C. , Zartha-Sossa Jhon W. , Zapata-Ruiz Diego L. , Bohorquez-Naranjo Isabela , Morales-Arevalo Karen S. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
There are several methods for the quantification of biomass in SSF, such
as glucosamine measurement, ergosterol content, protein concentration, change in dry weight or
evolution of CO2 production. However, all have drawbacks when obtaining accurate data on the
progress of the SSF due to the dispersion in cell growth on the solid substrate, and the difficulty
encountered in separating the biomass. Studying the disadvantages associated with the process of
biomass quantification in SSF, the monitoring of the growth of biomass by a technique known as
digital image processing (DIP), consists of obtaining information on the production of different
compounds during fermentation, using colorimetric methods based on the pixels that are obtained
from photographs.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to know about the state of the technology and the
advantages of DIP.

Methods:
The methodology employed four phases; the first describes the search equations for the
SSF and the DIP. A search for patents related to SSF and DIP carried out in the Free Patents Online
and Patent inspiration databases. Then there is the selection of the most relevant articles in
each of the technologies. As a third step, modifications for obtaining the best adjustments were
also carried out. Finally, the analysis of the results was done and the inflection years were determined
by means of six mathematical models widely studied.

Results:
For these models, the inflection years were 2018 and 2019 for both the SSF and the DIP.
Additionally, the main methods for the measurement of biomass in SSF were found, and are also
indicated in the review, as DIP measurement processes have already been carried out using the
same technology.

Conclusion:
In addition, the DIP has shown satisfactory results and could be an interesting alternative
for biomass measurement in SSF, due to its ease and versatility.
Areas for Reforming and Complementing the Family and School Interaction
Authors: Alamolhoda Jamileh 
Published: March 2020

Background:
The Family and School Interaction (FSI) is undoubtedly very effective in promoting the education of children in a society, but this interaction requires the adoption of educational goals as well as frameworks that can produce the best educational outcomes. The educational goals and frameworks, on the one hand, depend on the theoretical foundations and our view of the educational role and position of the family and its relation to that of the school, and on the other hand the environmental conditions and opportunities or challenges for the FSI.

Aim:
The overall purpose of the present study is to explore the areas and ways of reforming and complementing the FSI.

Methods:
The study is a qualitative research relying on analyzing the views of Iranian family and education experts. The areas under consideration for reforming and complementing the FSI are the school curricula, and the study examines the role of the family in the most important elements of a curriculum, namely objectives, content, method and evaluation.

Results:
The results show that most scholars, professionals, principals, and teachers consider the educational role of the family and its contribution to school education, but their beliefs about this role and its status in relation to that of the school are still unclear. They have often become accustomed to giving the less importance to the family and the most important to the school, and the curricula are often formulated without considering the views and expectations of the family and without parental involvement.

Conclusion:
The consideration of the real role of the family and its lasting effects have important implications, including reforming the family education programs, reforming the academic education and in-service teacher trainings, modifying the FSI models, rationalizing the family interventions in school affairs, as well as enhancing the students’ self-esteem and their sense of belonging to school.
Umbelliferone Loaded Nanocarriers for Healthcare Applications
Authors: Singh Deepika , Rahman Mahfoozur 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Nanotechnology brings innovation in the healthcare sector and revolutionized
the therapeutic domain in recent years. It provides better health facilities and bring advancement in the
field of science and technology. Nanocarriers are extremely small structure and involve synthesis, designing,
application of medicament in the size range of 1-100 nm. Nanocarriers are especially explored
for their chemical, physical and biological activity. Good understanding of all these properties
is necessary to increase the therapeutic application of nanocarriers in different fields, by abating the
hazards to creatures and the environment. The goal of this article is to review the developed nanocarriers
of Umbelliferone from the viewpoints of research trend, synthesis, targeting mechanism, its clinical
applications and future perspective.

Method:
A wide variety of nanocarriers system of umbelliferone have been developed, such as
nanoshell, nanowire, nanoparticles, solid lipid nanostructure, dendrimers, nanoemulsion, nanosponges,
etc. Nanosystem of umbelliferone is prepared by two approaches i.e. top-up and bottom down method,
as well as their potential application in several areas, is presented in this paper.

Results:
Umbelliferone, a 7-hydroxycoumarin is widely available Rutaceae and Apiaceae families and
termed as a therapeutic active agent. It is a derivative of coumarin and contain a heterocyclic ring with
the improved biological property. In the literature survey, antifungal, antibacterial, antihyperglycaemic,
anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-arthritic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory property
are reported. Nanocarriers encapsulated umbelliferone have been recommended and explored to treat
various types of diseases.

Conclusion:
This article upsurges the understanding of the nano-based delivery system of drug Umbelliferone
in the field of biomedical application along with the safety concerns. A future perspective
on the fabrication of nanocarriers of umbelliferone, scaling up technique, therapeutic efficacy and environmental
protection is presented in the review. This advocates that numerous possible application
of this drug for the future works are available for the commercialization.
Distributed Ledger System for Stock Market Using Block Chain
Authors: Johri Era , Kantariya Bhakti , Gandhi Rachana , Mistry Unnati 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Lacuna of the traditional stock market systems overtime has been bridled
by BlockChain Technology. Used cases designed in BlockChain Technology has a flair to deal with
the problems in the financial sector. Most vituperative outburst is related to stock markets where the
centralization of the clearing house increases the dependency on the central system. Centralization
of the clearing houses increases the risks and delay in response to the users of the system. Traditionally,
stock market players need to endure the complex multi-layer process of pre-trading, trading
and post-trading settlements. The processes in these systems were time consuming and cost inefficient
in terms of resources utilized due to the role of intermediaries.

Objective:
The objective of this paper is to propose a system which will embark the issues of processing, traceability, transparency, and availability of stocks using BlockChain Technology.

Method:
We offer a decentralized system for the stock market users, and as a result, the intermediaries
become expendable. The rules and regulations will execute within every smart contract for
every trade transaction being regulatory.

Results:
This paper discusses various solutions to the problems arise due to current centralized or decentralized systems.

Conclusion:
We will discuss aspects like security and transparency of the proposed system while
concluding the paper.
CLINICAL-NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES IN PATIENTS WITH REPEATED CEREBRAL ISCHEMIC HEMISPHERIC STROKE IN ACUTE PHASE OF DISEASE
Authors: Kozolkin O. A. , Novikova L. V. 
Published: March 2020

Summary. In order to study the clinical and neurophysiological features in patients with recurrent cerebral ischemic hemispheric ischemic stroke (RCHIS), a comprehensive clinical-paraclinical study of 49 patients (28 men and 21 female, mean age 72 (63; 76) years) in the acute period of the disease was conducted. It was found domination of mild and moderate dementia, the median total NIHSS score in the debut of the disease consisted 10 (7; 13), which corresponded to the average severity of the stroke. It was found that the parameters of δ-rhythm APS, δ-rhythm RSP and β rhythm relative spectral power have the strongest correlation with level of neurological deficit by NIHSS score and with level of disability by MRS, as well as parameters of occipital-frontal grade of βhi-rythm and hemispheric asymmetry of αlo-subband correlated with the level of cognitive deficit.
FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON PAIN INTENSITY AND FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY OF PATIENTS WITH BACK PAIN OF DIFFERENT LOCALIZATION
Authors: Maslova I. G. , Mykhailovska N. O. , Slobodin T. M. 
Published: March 2020

In order to identify the probable factors of the effect on the intensity of the pain syndrome and the parameters of the functioning of patients with back pain, depending on the location of the pain syndrome and concomitant pathology, 139 patients with non-specific back pain who were in inpatient treatment in the medical and sanitary part of JSC "Motor -Sich "with the first detected acute pain syndrome and acute exacerbation of chronic.
The results of the study revealed a decrease in the level of physical functioning, deterioration of vital activity and the state of general and mental health (on the scale of SF-36) in patients with exacerbation of chronic pain, the lowest indicators of vital activity, social functioning, mental health and a high level of anxiety and depression - in patients with cervical and cranial localization of pain syndrome, despite the fact that patients with localized pain in the lower back are markedly higher levels of pain not only for YES, but also zg BP bottom axis scale SF-36. Patients with a combination of arterial hypertension and diabetes have been shown to have chronic pain syndrome.
THE PECULIARITIES OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS, SUFFERED FROM ANEURYSMAL SUBARACHNOID HAEMORRHAGE
Authors: Duve K. V. 
Published: March 2020

The analysis of data from a number of scientific sources shows that even those patients, with favorable outcomes after suffering from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), may often experience a decline in quality of life (QoL), both at the physical and psychosocial levels. The influence of functional dependence on the patient’s quality of life remains controversial, because among the number of patients, who save the ability of self-care, there exists a part of those, who are not able to return to their previous lifestyle, kind of activity, they have difficulties in their relationships and emotional disorders.
The aim of study was to assess the quality of life of patients in recovery and residual periods of aSAH.
Material and methods. We examined 114 patients (64.91 % - males, 35.09 % - females). The patients’ quality of life was studied by using the questionnaire SF-36. The control group consisted of 20 healthy participants, matched by age and gender.
Results. The significant decrease in QoL of patients was observed in all scales, with the exception of physical functioning, vital activity and social functioning. It should be noted, that "mental health" scale rates correlated with the level of anxiety (r = -0,55) and depression (r = -0,61). In the different age groups, the QoL indicators were almost identical, with the exception of "physical functioning" component, because older patients received a lower score for this scale (p<0.01). Patients with a moderate level of disability were observed with a decline in all QoL categories of the scale SF-36. Patients, who were totally independent, had also a significant decline in all QoL scale components, with the exception of physical functioning.
Conclusions. We found the decrease in QoL of patients in recovery and residual periods of aSAH, which does not depend on one’s level of functional dependence. The influence of anxiety (r = -0,55) and depression (r = -0,61) on the subscale "mental health" was established.
CRYPTOGENIC STROKE? LOOK FOR THROMBOPHILIA
Authors: Genyk S. I. , Genyk S. M. , Gryb V. A. , Genyk Ya. I. , Maksymchuk L. T. , Doroshenko O. O. , Sorokhman A. V. , Gerasymchuk V. R. 
Published: March 2020

About 25% of ischemic strokes remain without an established cause. The article describes the characterization of some hereditary and acquired thrombophilias, which play a significant role in genesis of stroke. One of the ways to solve the problem of etiological diagnosis of thrombotic states is to identify the markers of hereditary or acquired pathology and to conduct molecular genetic typing of the hemostasis system factors. Thrombophilia screening is required for all patients with ischemic strokes of unknown etiology.
DYNAMICS OF RADIOGENIC CHANGES IN THE INTENSITY OF LIPID PEROXIDATION PROCESSES IN THE BLOOD OF ANIMALS UNDER DIFFERENT MODES OF IRRADIATION
Authors: Petryna L. G. , Moiseienko M. I. 
Published: March 2020

Experimental studies were performed on male Wistar rats. Single exposure of animals at doses of 1.0, 5.0, and 9.0 Gy was performed from a source with dose rates of 0.001, 0.01 0.1, and 1.0 Gy/min. The content of diene conjugates was determined at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, and 30 days after exposure. It was found that the content of diene conjugates of blood varied wavy. The relative change in early products per 1 Gy irradiated at doses of 5.0 and 9.0 Gy was 1.5-2.0 and 4-5 times lower, respectively, than in animals irradiated at dose 1.0 Gy. After 4, 6, 8, 10 days, a clear dependence of the indicator on the magnitude of the radiation dose rate was not observed.
The dynamics of accumulation of early LPO R products in the blood of rats, irradiated over a wide range of doses and capacities, indicates the nature of the development or inhibition of free radical oxidation processes.
ATEROSCLEROSIS AND INFLAMMATION: GENERAL PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS
Authors: Kotiuzhynska S. H. , Umanskyy D. O. 
Published: March 2020

According to modern notions, atherosclerosis is a complex multifactorial process in which the mechanisms of development involved endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, dyslipidemia, disorders of the blood coagulation system, and the like. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are a source of biologically active substances that regulate metabolic processes in the body. It is known that during the development of inflammation, biologically active agents are synthesized and accumulated, which both provide a protective function, and play the role of triggers or lead to the development of additional alteration and the formation of pathological systems.
Purpose of the study. The purpose of the work is to study the functional state of the lipid transport system and to ascertain the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the mechanisms of atherosclerosis.
The analysis of the functional state of the lipid-transport system of 221 patients with diffuse cardiosclerosis with different nosological forms revealed a disturbance of direct and reverse transport of cholesterol, but with varying degrees of orientation. Significant increase in the content of saturated fatty acids by 7.51% and reduction of unsaturated.
Reducing the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids is a consequence of increased formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes in inflammatory processes of the vascular wall, and indicates a disbalance in the regulation of lipid homeostasis. The deficiency in polyunsaturated fatty acid cells for many years models the high potential of endothelial dysfunction, which can be a pathogenetic mechanism not only for atherosclerotic lesions, but also for inflammation of the vessels.
Conclusion. The recognition of atherogenesis as an active process rather than a cholesterol storage disease has highlighted some key inflammatory mechanisms. In our opinion, the local violation of the transport of lipids in the tissue is at the heart of the atherosclerotic lesion of the vascular wall, which develops irrespective of inflammation in the vessel wall, but substantially potentiates them due to the action of inflammatory mediators.
EFFЕCIIVENESS OF USING NEW METHODS AND METHODS OF LEARNING THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE AS A FOREIGN IN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Lychuk S. V. 
Published: March 2020

The article attempts to identify effective methods of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language and to base them on the European experience. The most commonly used methods in the European practice of foreign language teaching are characterized: communicative, project, audio-lingual, distance, intensive and blended learning. The advantages of the blended learning system are examined. An interpretation of the term "blended learning" is proposed. The features of the organization of online learning and the structure of blended learning are described. The data of the conducted survey are presented: a) teachers conducting classes in Ukrainian as a foreign language; b) foreign students from different countries. Questionnaire was developed for the survey.
The article proposes some tasks for teachers of Ukrainian as a foreign language, commenting on the specifics of different models of blended learning.
Based on the results of the survey, the respondents outlined effective methods of teaching a foreign language, identified factors that influence the use of the blended learning model of future doctors when teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language.
The advantages and prospects of using blended learning in the educational process of a higher medical institution are analyzed. The results of the study strongly suggest that the blended learning model opens up new possibilities for presenting educational material in a new and accessible form for students.
Sistem Pendingin Termoakustik Dengan Menggunakan Stack Acak dan Penukar Kalor Tambahan Dalam Resonator
Authors: Yumnawati Yumnawati , Murti Prastowo , Achmadin W N , Setio Utomo Agung Bambang 
Published: March 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian pada kinerja sistem pendingin termoakustik menggunakan stack acak dan kemudian ditingkatkan lagi kinerjanya dengan memberi penukar kalor tambahan sebagai auxiliary heat exchanger. Resonator yang digunakan berbentuk silinder dengan satu ujung tertutup, sedangkan ujung yang lain dihubungkan dengan speaker. Gelombang bunyi yang dihasilkan dari speaker dalam resonator akan memberi pengaruh pada medium udara dalam tabung resonator. Dalam hal ini pengaruh utamanya pada daya pendinginan, sehingga perlu dibuat sistem yang cukup efisien. Diharapkan dengan terwujudnya sebuah pendingin termoakustik menggunakan penukar kalor tambahan dapat meningkatkan kinerja sistem.