bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
أثر تمرينات بجهاز تدريبي مقترح لتنمية القدرة الانفجارية والمرونة للعضلات العاملة في مرحلة الدوران لرمي المطرقة للنساء
Authors: Taher Fatima Raheem , Alhasani Ahlam Shaghati 
Published: August 2020

تكمن مشكلة البحث في ضعف القدرات البدنية خصوصا القدرة الانفجارية والمرونة للعضلات العاملة لمرحلة الدوران وقلة استعمال الوسائل والادوات التدريبية المساعدة الحديثة وتكمن اهمية البحث لتطوير صفتي القدرة الانفجارية والمرونة للعضلات العاملة لمرحلة الدوران باستخدام جهاز تدريبي مبتكر و كانت اهداف الدراسة تصميم جهاز مبتكر تدريبي وأعداد التمرينات بما يلائم الجهاز لبيان تأثير هذه التمرينات لتطور القدرة الانفجارية والمرونة للعضلات العاملة لمرحلة الدوران لدى لاعبات فعالية رمي المطرقة واستخدمت الباحثتان المنهج التجريبي ذو المجموعة التجريبية الواحدة وتم تحديد عينة البحث بالطريقة العمدية والمتمثلة بخمس لاعبات رمي المطرقة للنساء واستعملت الباحثتان الحقيبة الاحصائية الجاهزة (SPSS) للحصول على نتائج البحث ومن الاستنتاجات التي توصلت اليها الباحثتان من مناقشة النتائج التي توصلت اليها اهمها ان التمرينات باستخدام الجهاز التدريبي المبتكر لقد اثرت بتطوير القدرة الانفجارية والمرونة تأثيراً واضحاً لدى افراد عينة البحث وان التمرينات المعدة على الجهاز المبتكر ساعدت في تطور مرونة الجذع والكتفين وعضلات الظهر والعمود الفقري والقدرة الانفجارية للذراعين والرجلين .
Em busca da casa perdida: a cabana primitiva segundo Laugier e Semper
Authors: De Oliveira Viana Alice 
Published: August 2020

O presente trabalho pretende cotejar duas investigações teóricas sobre a casa primordial, que renovaram as discussões sobre o tema em Arquitetura: a de Marc-Antoine Laugier e a de Gottfried Semper. Em ambos, a habitação primitiva é uma cabana, produto humano, pensado e fabricado pelos homens e, com isso, sujeito à reflexão teórica. Insatisfeitos com a condição contemporânea da Arquitetura, avaliando o momento como uma época de desvirtuamento na prática arquitetônica, Laugier e Semper, cada um em sua época, usaram essa casa imaginada como estratégia discursiva para propor modificações em seu meio. Nesses autores, a imagem da cabana e o discurso sobre ela serviram, em grande medida, como um expediente para tempos percebidos como de crise.
A Low-velocity Bipolar Outflow from a Deeply Embedded Object in Taurus Revealed by the Atacama Compact Array
Authors: Fujishiro Kakeru , Tokuda Kazuki , Tachihara Kengo , Takashima Tatsuyuki , Fukui Yasuo , Zahorecz Sarolta , Saigo Kazuya , Matsumoto Tomoaki , Tomida Kengo , Machida Masahiro N. , Inutsuka Shu-ichiro , André Philippe , Kawamura Akiko , Onishi Toshikazu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The first hydrostatic core, the first quasi-hydrostatic object formed during the star formation process, is still the observational missing link between the prestellar and protostellar phases, mainly due to its short lifetime. Although we have not established a clear method to identify this rare object, recent theoretical studies predict that the first core has millimeter continuum emission and low-velocity outflow with a wide opening angle. An extensive continuum/outflow survey toward a large number of “starless” cores in nearby star-forming regions works as a pathfinder. We observed 32 prestellar cores in Taurus with an average density of ≳105 cm−3 in 1.3 mm continuum and molecular lines using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array–Atacama Compact Array (ALMA–ACA) stand-alone mode. Among the targets, MC35-mm centered at one of the densest “starless” cores in Taurus has blueshifted/redshifted wings in the 12CO (2–1) line, indicating that there is a deeply embedded object driving molecular outflow. The observed velocities and sizes of the possible outflow lobes are 2–4 km s−1 and ∼2 × 103 au, respectively, and the dynamical time is calculated to be ∼103 yr. In addition to this, the core is one of the strongest N2D+ (3–2) emitters in our sample. All of the observed signatures do not conflict with any of the theoretical predictions about the first hydrostatic core so far, and thus MC35-mm is unique as the only first-core candidate in the Taurus molecular cloud.
Lessons on Star-forming Ultra-diffuse Galaxies from the Stacked Spectra of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Authors: Rong Yu , Zhu Kai , Johnston Evelyn J. , Zhang Hong-Xin , Cao Tianwen , Puzia Thomas H. , Galaz Gaspar 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We investigate the on-average properties for 28 star-forming ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) located in low-density environments, by stacking their spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. These relatively isolated UDGs, with stellar masses of

, have the on-average total stellar metallicity [M/H] ∼ −0.82 ± 0.14, iron metallicity [Fe/H] ∼ −1.00 ± 0.16, stellar age t
* ∼ 5.2 ± 0.5 Gyr, α-enhancement [α/Fe] ∼ 0.24 ± 0.10, and oxygen abundance 12+log(O/H) ∼ 8.16 ± 0.06, as well as central stellar velocity dispersion 54 ± 12 km s−1. On the star formation rate versus stellar mass diagram, these UDGs are located lower than the extrapolated star-forming main sequence from the massive spirals, but roughly follow the main sequence of low-surface-brightness dwarf galaxies. We find that these star-forming UDGs are not particularly metal-poor or metal-rich for their stellar masses, as compared with the metallicity–mass relations of the nearby typical dwarfs. With the UDG data of this work and previous studies, we also find a coarse correlation between [Fe/H] and magnesium-element enhancement [Mg/Fe] for UDGs: [Mg/Fe] ≃ −0.43(±0.26) [Fe/H] −0.14(±0.40).
Étale groupoid algebras with coefficients in a sheaf and skew inverse semigroup rings
Authors: Gonçalves Daniel , Steinberg Benjamin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGiven an action${\varphi }$of inverse semigroupSon a ringA(with domain of${\varphi }(s)$denoted by$D_{s^*}$), we show that if the ideals$D_e$, withean idempotent, are unital, then the skew inverse semigroup ring$A\rtimes S$can be realized as the convolution algebra of an ample groupoid with coefficients in a sheaf of (unital) rings. Conversely, we show that the convolution algebra of an ample groupoid with coefficients in a sheaf of rings is isomorphic to a skew inverse semigroup ring of this sort. We recover known results in the literature for Steinberg algebras over a field as special cases.
KAJIAN MAJAS PADA ARTIKEL JURNALISME WARGA SERAMBI INDONESIA
Authors: Hendra Kasmi  
Published: August 2020

This research is about the majas reviewing of the citizens Journalism Articles’ in Serambi Indonesia. The problem of this study is to potray the ideas of the majas citizens Articles’ in Serambi Indonesia Journalism. The purpose of this study is to describe the figurative language aspects of the majas in form of the rubric articles in Serambi Indonesia Journalism. The method used is a descriptive analytical method by using a structural approach technique. The data were collected from the articles in the Journalism Citizens of Serambi Indonesia newspaper. The data were analyzed by using qualitative analysis technique. The results of this study indicated that the articles which is found in the citizen journalism in the Indonesia Serambi newspaper contain a lot of figurative languages, such as the experiences of the writer that is written in a free language style. Then, the dominant of the figurative language used in the citizen journalism articles were the personification and metaphorical majas.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini berjudul Kajian Majas pada Artikel Jurnalisme Warga Serambi Indonesia. Masalah yang ingin ditelaah adalah tentang gambaran majas pada artikel Jurnalisme Warga Serambi Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan aspek bahasa kiasan yang terdapat pada artikel-artikel rubrik Jurnalisme Warga di Serambi Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan struktural. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah artikel-artikel rubrik Jurnalisme Warga koran Serambi Indonesia. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa artikel-artikel yang terdapat dalam jurnalisme warga di koran Serambi Indonesia banyak mengandung bahasa kiasan karena tulisan-tulisan artikel tersebut berisi pengalaman penulis yang tentu saja ditulis dengan gaya bahasa bebas. Majas yang dominan terdapat dalam artikel-artikel jurnalisme warga tersebut yakni majas personifikasi dan metafora.
Kata Kunci : Majas, Jurnalisme Warga
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS PROSEDUR DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PAIR CHECK
Authors: Simatupang Yusrawati JR 
Published: August 2020

Writing is an activity of delivering messages, ideas, feelings, and information in writing to others. One of the writing activities studied in class VII is the writing of the procedure text. Based on the initial observation in SMP Negeri 8 Banda Aceh obtained the idea that the ability of students to write the correct procedure text is still lacking. So the research aims to determine the enhancement of the procedure text writing method with a model learning pair checks in students of class VII-1 SMP Negeri 8 Banda Aceh. This type of research is class action research (CAR). The research subject is a grade VII-1 student numbering 27 people. Data collection is done by providing tests to students. The results showed that students ' writing skills in the I cycle of the average value of the student test was 74, including the incomplete cathedral. Furthermore, in the cycle II the average grade test of students is 84 then the learning will already include complete category. Based on the data it can be concluded that the study pair checks can improve the ability of students in writing.
Abstrak
Menulis merupakan suatu kegiatan penyampaian pesan, gagasan, perasaan, dan informasi secara tertulis kepada pihak lain. Salah satu kegiatan menulis yang dipelajari di kelas VII yaitu menulis teks prosedur. Berdasarkan observasi awal di SMP Negeri 8 Banda Aceh diperoleh gambaran bahwa kemampuan siswa menulis teks prosedur secara tepat masih kurang. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan menulis teks prosedur dengan model pembelajaran pair checks pada siswa kelas VII-1 SMP Negeri 8 Banda Aceh. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Adapun subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VII-1 berjumlah 27 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan memberikan tes kepada siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan menulis siswa pada siklus I nilai rata-rata tes siswa adalah 74 maka termasuk katergori belum tuntas. Selanjutnya, pada siklus II nilai rata-rata tes siswa adalah 84 maka ketuntasan belajar sudah termasuk kategori tuntas. Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran pair checks dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kemampuan siswa dalam menulis.
Kata Kunci :Menulis, Teks Prosedur, Model Pair Checks
CO2 Corrosion of Carbon Steel: The Synergy of Chloride Ion Concentration and Temperature on Metal Penetration
Authors: Pessu Frederick , Barker Richard , Neville Anne 
Published: August 2020

This paper investigates the synergy of chloride ion concentration and temperature on the general and pitting corrosion of carbon steel in CO2-saturated environments. Experiments were conducted over 168 h in different concentrations of NaCl brines (1 wt%, 3.5 wt%, and 10 wt%) and temperatures (30°C, 50°C, and 80°C) with the aim of elucidating the combined effect of changes in chloride ion concentration and temperature on overall metal degradation, taking into consideration general and pitting corrosion. This also includes a correlation with the formation and properties of FeCO3 corrosion products. Linear polarization resistance was implemented to monitor the electrochemical responses. Corrosion product characteristics and morphologies were studied through a combination of scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. Pitting corrosion evaluation was conducted through the application of 3D surface profilometry to study pit geometries such as the depth and diameter. The results show that general and pitting corrosion are strongly correlated to the synergistic effects of changing chloride ion concentration and temperature in carbon steel as a result of their combined influence on ferrite (Fe) dissolution and FeCO3 formation. This represents a paradigm shift from the already established mechanisms on chloride ion and temperature effects on passive alloys such as stainless steel. Increasing chloride ion concentration and temperature up to 10 wt% NaCl and 50°C to 80°C, respectively, is observed to increase the rate of Fe dissolution and formation of semiprotective FeCO3 corrosion products, leading to the increased manifestation and severity of pitting corrosion. The results also show that a “threshold chloride concentration” exists at 30°C, above which there is no significant increase in corrosion rate. However, such “threshold effects” were not observed at higher temperatures evaluated in the range of chloride concentration considered in this study.
Developing a Nomogram Model to Predict the Risk of Poor Chinese Handwriting in First Grade
Authors: Hwang Yea-Shwu , Su Pei-Fang , Hsiao Ying-Lu , Tsai Wen-Hui , Hung Jo-Ying 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Importance: Few predictive models for later handwriting difficulties have been developed for kindergarteners.
Objective: To develop a nomogram for the purpose of detecting the risk of later poor Chinese handwriting among Taiwanese kindergarteners.
Design: One-year prospective longitudinal, observational study.
Setting: Kindergarten and elementary school.
Participants: One hundred fifty-six kindergarteners were included. In first grade, they were grouped into the normal and poor handwriting groups on the basis of handwriting performance in first grade.
Outcomes and Measures: Participants received fine motor (FM), visual–perceptual (VP), and visual–motor integration tests in kindergarten and handwriting assessments in first grade.
Results: Logistic regression results indicated that younger age at school entry and lower scores on measures of FM and VP in kindergarten increased the risk for later poor handwriting. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in the nomogram built with these risk factors was .75, indicating that the nomogram had acceptable diagnostic value.
Conclusions and Relevance: This nomogram could be used as a screening tool to detect kindergarteners at risk of poor Chinese handwriting in first grade.
What This Article Adds: This study is the first to establish a nomogram constructed with significant predictors in kindergarten of a child’s probability of poor handwriting later in first grade. This predictive nomogram may help occupational therapists, educators, and parents identify at-risk kindergarteners early for the purpose of early interventions to prevent later poor Chinese handwriting.
Reseña. Marina Garone Gravier y María Andrea Giovine Yáñez (eds.) Bibliología e iconotextualidad. Estudios interdisciplinarios sobre las relaciones entre textos e imágenes. Editorial de la Universidad Nacional de México, 2019
Authors: Mascioto María de los Ángeles 
Published: August 2020

Reseña. Marina Garone Gravier y María Andrea Giovine Yáñez (eds.) Bibliología e iconotextualidad. Estudios interdisciplinarios sobre las relaciones entre textos e imágenes. Editorial de la Universidad Nacional de México, 2019
Mode of Action of Anti-diabetic Phyto-Compounds Present in Traditional Indian Plants: A Review
Authors: Jain Divya , Bains Kiran , Singla Neerja 
Published: August 2020

The traditionally used plants having therapeutically potent phyto-chemicals are known to have a great potential in the treatment of various ailments including the non-communicable ones like obesity, diabetes, hypertension, heart diseases etc. Diabetes is a serious metabolic disorder affecting a large number of population worldwide. Despite the great efforts made to understand and manage this disorder, its prevalence is increasing unabatedly which creates an upsurging demand for some other approach than conventional medicines. The use of many traditional plants with anti-diabetic potential is being considered as an alternate strategy, which is cost-effective and has less side effects. This paper reviews the accumulated literature mainly for five Indian herbs having anti-diabetic activity and their proposed action of mechanism which has been scientifically tested. Phyto-compounds present in medicinal plants like gurmur (Gymnema Sylvestre), cinnamon (Cinnamomum), sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides), mulberry leaves (Moraceae Plant) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) have shown significant hypoglycemic potential in treating type 2 diabetes through several possible mechanisms. Gymnemic acid in gurmur can inhibit the intestinal glucose absorption, whereas cinnamaldehyde in cinnamon and palmitoleic acid in Sea buckthorn enhances glucose uptake. The compound 1-deoxynojirimycin found in mulberry leaves inhibits the enzymatic activity of α-glucosidase and diosgenin in Fenugreek has a role in the regeneration of pancreatic β-cells, thus showing the mechanism of their anti-diabetic action. The inclusion of these medicinal plants in daily dietaries can be looked upon as an alternate strategy towards controlling and managing blood glucose levels among people with diabetes.
The Potential Use of Blood, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Saliva and Urine as Biological Samples for the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Algarni Adnan Awn , Bima Abdulhadi I. , Elsamanoudy Ayman Z. 
Published: August 2020

Background and Aim: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. 80% of all dementia is due to AD. Diagnosis of AD is a difficult task, as the accurate diagnosis requires post-mortem examination of brain autopsy samples. Diagnosis of AD in living individuals can be aided by the establishment of the clinical criteria, positron emission tomography (PET) examination, and biomarkers. The study of biomarkers for diagnosis of AD could help clinicians to evaluate individuals at risk, and confirm the occurrence as well as the progression of AD in a non-invasive manner. High sensitivity and high specificity of the used markers are mandatory criteria for these biomarkers to trusted for AD diagnosis and prognosis. So, this review article aims to focus on the potential use of body fluids as a source of the biomarkers that are used for investigating patients with AD.
Methodology: In the current study, we reviewed scientific articles that discuss AD pathogenesis and diagnosis of Google Scholar database, Pubmed, Pubmed Central, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), MEDLINE, and MedlinePlus with no time limitation. Moreover, we discussed the use of recently discovered biomarkers that are detected in blood, CSF, saliva, and urine.
Conclusion: In the current review, it could be concluded that in addition to the blood and cerebrospinal fluid as common biological samples for the diagnosis of AD, saliva and urine are useful potential biological samples. Moreover, both are noninvasive samples that give them priority to be used.
Serious safety events in rituximab‐treated multiple sclerosis and related disorders
Authors: Vollmer Brandi L. , Wallach Asya I. , Corboy John R. , Dubovskaya Karolina , Alvarez Enrique , Kister Ilya 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionStudies investigating rates and risk factors for serious safety events (SSEs) during rituximab treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), and related disorders are limited.MethodsRituximab‐treated patients with MS, NMOSD, or related disorders at the Rocky Mountain and New York University MS Care Centers were included. The follow‐up period was defined as the time from the initial dose of rituximab up to 12 months of last dose of rituximab or ocrelizumab (in patients who switched). Clinician‐reported and laboratory data were retrospectively collected from electronic medical records.ResultsOne‐thousand patients were included comprising 907 MS, 77 NMOSD, and 16 related disorders. Patients had a mean follow‐up of 31.1 months and a mean cumulative rituximab dose of 4012 mg. Of the 169 patients who switched to ocrelizumab, the mean ocrelizumab dose was 1141 mg. Crude incidence rate per 1000 person‐years (PY) for lymphopenia was 19.2, neutropenia 5.6, and hypogammaglobulinemia 17.8. Infections resulting in either hospitalization, IV antibiotics, or using antibiotics ≥14 days occurred at a rate of 38.6/1000 PY. Risk factors for infection were duration of therapy, male gender, increased disability, prior exposure to immunosuppression/chemotherapy, lymphopenia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. Particularly, wheelchair‐bound patients had 8.56‐fold increased odds of infections. Crude incidence rates of malignant cancer were 3.5, new autoimmune disease 2.3, thromboembolic event 3.1, and mortality of 5.4 per 1000 PY.InterpretationRates of SSEs in patients with MS, NMOSD, and related disorders were low. Through properly assessing risk:benefit of B‐cell depleting therapy in neuroinflammatory disorders and continual monitoring, clinicians may decrease the risk of serious infections.
Facile Macrocyclic Polyphenol Barrier Coatings for PDMS Microfluidic Devices
Authors: Reese Willie Mae , Burch Patrick , Korpusik Angie B. , Liu Stephanie E. , Loskill Peter , Messersmith Phillip B. , Healy Kevin E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSoft lithography techniques using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are a cornerstone of microfluidic microdevices and emerging technologies such as microphysiological systems (MPS). Most of these systems employ hydrophobic small molecules during either stem cell differentiation, drug screening, or organoid development. However, due to PDMS's structure and hydrophobicity, lipophilic molecules are strongly absorbed creating unpredictable concentrations of mitogens, drugs, differentiation factors, and analytes, which is a major limitation in its use for biological applications. In this study, several catechol‐functionalized calix[4]arene based macrocyclic polyphenols (MPPs) are synthesized and coated on PDMS through a dip‐coating or flow through process. One molecule, MPP5cone, synthesized from catechol and resorcinol in its cone isomer form, increases the hydrophilicity of PDMS and drastically reduces the absorption of a number of hydrophobic drug surrogates, while preserving high oxygen permeability, good cell viability and function. However, simple rules of molecular absorption based on Log P are not observed, suggesting screening barrier coatings for PDMS with single probes is not sufficient. The coating procedure is easily translated to microfluidic devices by infusion through channels with a pump, and therefore should find use in applications where molecular absorption into PDMS is a significant problem.
The Use of Layer‐by‐Layer Self‐Assembly and Nanocellulose to Prepare Advanced Functional Materials
Authors: Wågberg Lars , Erlandsson Johan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe current knowledge about the formation of layer‐by‐layer (LbL) self‐assemblies using combinations of nanocelluloses (NCs) and polyelectrolytes is reviewed. Herein, the fundamentals behind the LbL formation, with a major focus on NCs, are considered. Following this, a special description of the limiting factors for the formation of LbLs of only NCs, both anionic and cationic, and the combination of NCs and polyelectrolytes/nanoparticles is provided. The ability of the NCs and polyelectrolytes to form dense films with excellent mechanical properties and with tailored optical properties is then reviewed. How low‐density, wet stable networks of cellulose nanofibrils can be used as substrates for the preparation of antibacterial, electrically interactive, and fire‐retardant materials by forming well‐defined LbLs inside these networks is then considered. A short outlook of the possible uses of LbLs containing NCs is given to conclude.