bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of antimalarial antibodies in non-immune patients during and after a first and unique P. falciparum malaria episode
Authors: Bisoffi Zeno , Bertoldi Marco , Silva Ronaldo , Bertoli Giulia , Ursini Tamara , Marocco Stefania , Piubelli Chiara , Pomari Elena , Buonfrate Dora , Gobbi Federico 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMalaria is a major travel medicine issue. Retrospective confirmation of a malaria episode diagnosed in an endemic area can have relevant implications in trasfusional medicine in Europe, where blood donors are excluded from donation on the basis of positive malaria serology. However, there is scarce evidence on the dynamics of antimalarial antibodies after a first malaria episode in non immune individuals. First aim of this study was to describe the dynamics of antimalarial antibodies in a first malaria episode in non immune travellers. Secondary objectives were to assess the sensitivity of serology for a retrospective diagnosis in non immune travellers diagnosed while abroad and to discuss the implications in transfusional medicine.MethodsRetrospective analysis of the results of an indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) for malaria available for patients with a first malaria episode by Plasmodium falciparum and admitted at the IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria hospital in a 14-year period. The antibody titres were collected at baseline and during further follow up visits. Epidemiological, demographic and laboratory test results (including full blood count and malaria parasite density) were anonymously recorded in a study specific electronic Case Report Form created with OpenClinica software. Statistical analysis was performed with SAS software version 9.4. ResultsThirty-six patients were included. Among them, all but two were Europeans (one African and one American). Median length of fever before diagnosis was two days (IQR 1-3). Thirty-five patients had seroconversion between day 1 and day 4 from admission, and the titre showed a sharply rising titre, often to a very high level in a few days. Only a single patient remained negative in the first 5 days from admission, after which he was no more tested. Six patients were followed up for at least two months, and they all showed a decline in IFAT titre, tending to seroreversion (confirmed in one patient with the longest follow up, almost four years). ConclusionsSerology demonstrated reliable for retrospective diagnosis in non immune travellers. The decline in the antimalarial titre might be included in the screening algorithms of blood donors, but further studies are needed.
Contextualizing motivations and perceived barriers of healthy nutrition and lifestyle behaviours among Malaysian adults with metabolic syndrome
Authors: MAHADZIR MUHAMMAD DANIEL AZLAN , Quek Kia Fatt , Ramadas Amutha 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Nutrition and lifestyle behaviour of individuals have been associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). In order to better control the prevalence of MetS nationwide, an effective health promotion program must provide age-appropriate care information that addresses critical factors such as physiological function, social psychology, and emotional and health literacy in order to empower these patients to self-manage their condition and to enhance their self-care-related motivation and confidence. This study qualitatively analysed FGD involving Malaysian adults with MetS to explore their understanding of MetS and their perceived motivation and barriers of healthy nutrition and lifestyle behaviour. Methods A qualitative study with four focus groups (21 purposively sampled respondents) was conducted with adults diagnosed with MetS whom attending MONASH Medical Precinct in 2018. An interview protocol consolidating both responsive interviewing model and health belief model were prepared. The focus groups were audio recorded and transcribed. The data were analysed by emergent themes analysis. Data saturation was achieved in the fourth focus group. Results Seven main themes; three motivations and three perceived barriers and one subtheme on healthy nutrition and lifestyle behaviour were identified in the analysis of FGD. Motivations for healthy nutrition and lifestyles behaviour were (i) weight gain and physical appearances; (ii)personal experience of adverse complications and (iii) good family and social support. The identified perceived barriers were (i) healthcare as a business model; (ii) healthy change is difficult and expensive and (iii) cultural influence on food intake. Inadequate knowledge on MetS as most respondents were unaware of MetS as a clustering of risk factors but were able to identify the components individually was also a strong theme identified in this study. Conclusion Nutrition and lifestyle behaviours of adults with MetS were highly affected by the several potent motivations and perceived barriers among individuals. Information delivery and lifestyle promotion should address these aspects to increase program adoption and adherence, ensuring success of a community-based lifestyle intervention.
Rural Development Through Communal-based Enterprises In Selected Districts Of Lesotho
Authors: Makhetha Leseko , Liphoto Ramakae , Mahamo Makara , Manong Nkopane , Mokhethi Motlalepula 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In an attempt to improve the livelihoods of rural households, different approaches to rural development have been adopted in different economies. The most broadly adopted approaches have been technocratic, the radical and the reformist approach. These approaches are unique in that they aim at achieving different rural developmental objectives. Despite different approaches that are been used in the literature, in this paper, central to rural community development is the communal-based enterprises approach with an implicit research objective of assessing how Basotho Enterprises Development Corporation can contribute in enhancing livelihood development and thus sustaining the community at large. The results show that enthusiasm is high in all villages as a majority of interviewees showed a positive initiative capacity in which the only barrier pulling them back is a pushing force. This barrier can be justified as the majority of people have no knowledge of Basotho Enterprises Development Corporation and the services they provide.
Efficient removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions using ZnSe/ZnO/Bio-CaCO3
Authors: Yan Yi , Yang Shuai , Jiang Feng , Luo Yuwei , Gao Hejun , Liao Yunwen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The sheet-like adsorbent of the eggshell wastes was prepared by the thermal hydrolysis method. The structure of the adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscope, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The adsorption capacity was investigated in a Pb2+ solution. The effects of initial pH, salt concentration, contact time, and adsorbate concentration on the adsorption of lead ions were investigated in detail. The morphology of the adsorbent was sheet-like microspheres. Zinc selenide/zinc oxide could be uniformly loaded onto the eggshell waste surface, which could effectively enhance the specific surface area of the eggshell wastes. The adsorption kinetics and isotherm followed the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir–Freundlich isotherm model, respectively. The synthesized adsorbent showed a maximum lead adsorption capacity of 1,428.78 mg/g at room temperature. Ion-exchange was the main adsorption mechanism.
Dojrzałe macierzyństwo a kształtowanie więzi emocjonalnej z dzieckiem w okresie prenatalnym
Authors: Czarnecka Martyna 
Published: February 2020

Przedmiotem rozważań niniejszego opracowania jest dojrzałe macierzyństwo w aspekcie kształtowania się więzi emocjonalnej z dzieckiem w okresie prenatalnym. Więź emocjonalna pełni w życiu człowieka znaczącą rolę. Wpływa na rozwój jednostki, zwłaszcza na płaszczyźnie emocjonalnej, społecznej i osobowości. Jest systemem biologicznie uwarunkowanym i stanowi istotny element egzystencji człowieka. Kształtuje się już na etapie prenatalnym i determinuje zachowania względem dziecka. Współcześnie kobiety decydują się na macierzyństwo znacznie później, niż miało to miejsce jeszcze kilka lat temu. Przyczyny tego stanu rzeczy są różnorodne. Wśród najważniejszych zalicza się chęć osiągnięcia stabilizacji życiowej we wszystkich obszarach funkcjonowania człowieka. Początkowo kobiety pragną uzyskać stabilizację zawodową, następnie partnerską. Doświadczanie macierzyństwa jest elementem uzupełniającym egzystencję kobiety. Nie zajmuje kluczowej roli w jej życiu, lecz jest również ważne. Autor w niniejszym opracowaniu przedstawi dane empiryczne ukazujące proces kształtowania się więzi emocjonalnej z dzieckiem w trakcie trwania ciąży u kobiet doświadczających późnego macierzyństwa. W części teoretycznej zdefiniuje kluczowe pojęcia, scharakteryzuje przyczyny późnego macierzyństwa oraz proces kształtowania się więzi emocjonalnej w okresie prenatalnym.
A Study on Serological Reactivity Profile of Different Antigen Preparations with Bancroftian filariasis Human Infection Sera
Authors: Saeed Mohd , Kushwaha Vikas , Faisal Syed Mohd , Verma Richa , Ahmad Irfan , Mustafa Huma , Ganash Magdah , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Ashraf Ghulam Md 
Published: February 2020

Background:Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) is one of the incapacitating and mosquito-borne sicknesses that on progression may prompt a few recognizable types of clutters like extreme lymphedema, hydrocele, and elephantiasis.Methods:Antigenic preparations of B. malayi adult (BmA), S. cervi adult parasites and microfilariae (mf) total parasite extract were used to analyze the serological reactivity profile with human infectious sera collected from endemic areas of Bancroftian filariasis by performing Western blot and ELISA analysis. Sera from healthy human subjects were also included in the study to determine the variation incurred in the reactivity due to the filariasis infection. Gelelectrophoresis analysis of the crude-extract of BmA revealed seven protein bands while more than ten bands were recognized in S. cervi.Results:our results represent a clear variation in protein patterns among the crude-antigens. ELISA results showed highest prevalence of IgG, IgM and IgG4 antibodies against all antigen preparations when recorded among microfilaraemic chronic infected patients. In both the antigenic preparations, the positive reactions were in the order of microfilaraemic>endemic normal>chronic>acute>nonendemic normal subjects. All sera of Mf+ patients were uniformly positive, while sera of both chronic and endemic normal subjects showed less reactivity.Conclusion:In the present study, we endeavoured to establish the extent of cross-reactivity of antigens derived from animal filarial parasites such as B. malayi and S. cervi with W. bancrofti filariasis sera of human patients. Besides, we further analyzed antibody-isotype profile of IgG, IgG4 and IgM in various human infection sera of bancroftian filarial subjects reactive to heterologous parasite antigens derived from adult worms of S. cervi from bovine and B. malayi from bovine and jirds.
Rational Design of Hyper-glycosylated Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Analogs (A Bioinformatics Approach)
Authors: Nabizadeh Zahra , Minuchehr Zarrin , Shabani Ali Akbar 
Published: February 2020

Background:Protein pharmaceuticals routinely display a series of intrinsic physicochemical instabilities during their production and administration that can unfavorably affect their therapeutic effectiveness. Glycoengineering is one of the most desirable techniques to improve the attributes of therapeutic proteins. One aspect of glycoengineering is the rational manipulation of the peptide backbone to introduce new N-glycosylation consensus sequences (Asn-X-Ser/Thr, where X is any amino acid except proline).Methods:In this work, the amino acid sequence of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was analyzed to identify suitable positions in order to create new N-glycosylation sites. This survey led to the detection of 46 potential N-glycosylation sites. The N-glycosylation probability of all the potential positions was measured with the NetNGlyc 1.0 server. After theoretical reviews and the removal of unsuitable positions, the five acceptable ones were selected for more analyses. Then, threedimensional (3D) structures of the selected analogs were generated and evaluated by SPDBV software. The molecular stability and flexibility profile of five designed analogs were examined using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations.Results:Finally, three analogs with one additional N-glycosylation site (V68T, V79N and R67N) were proposed as the qualified analogs that could be glycosylated at the new sites.Conclusion:According to the results of this study, further experimental investigations could be guided on the three analogs. Therefore, our computational strategy can be a valuable method due to the reduction in the number of the expensive, tiresome and time-consuming experimental studies of hCG analogs.
Delirium Secondary to Lamotrigine Toxicity
Authors: Sanchez Deborah L. , Fusick Adam J. , Gunther Steven R. , Hernandez Michael J. , Sullivan Gregory A. , Catalano Maria C. , Catalano Glenn 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Lamotrigine is a phenyltriazine medication that has been approved by the
United States Food and Drug Administration as monotherapy and as an adjunctive agent for the
treatment of seizure disorder. It was later approved by the FDA for the treatment of bipolar disorder.
Lamotrigine is generally well tolerated by patients, but some serious symptoms can occur during
treatment. These severe side effects include rashes and multi-organ failure. Lamotrigine has also
been associated with the development of mental status changes, frequently when used concurrently
with other medications that may impact the metabolism of lamotrigine.

Objective:
To present the case of a 65-year-old man being treated with lamotrigine and valproic acid
who developed mental status changes after the addition of sertraline to his medication regimen,
and to compare this case to existing cases reported in the literature.

Discussion:
Our case adds to the existing literature by demonstrating that patients may experience
adverse medication effects despite lamotrigine levels that are normally considered to be in the therapeutic
range, highlighting the importance of clinical correlation when obtaining medication levels.

Conclusion:
Clinicians should use caution interpreting lamotrigine levels when working up delirium,
as normal levels may not rule out the development of lamotrigine toxicity.
Azacitidine Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles and their Dual Release Mechanism
Authors: Kashyap Kanchan , Handa Mayank , Shukla Rahul 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a belligerent brain tumor constituting
about 67% of primary brain tumours. The current therapy for glioblastoma multiforme
is surgery, radiations and chemotherapy though the success rate is quite limited. Azacitidine
is a hydrophilic anti-cancer agent which acts by demethylation and is used in the
treatment of both acute and chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia along with GBM.

Objective:
Formulation of stable Azacitidine loaded poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA)
nanoparticles (NPs) with tailor-made release profiles.

Methods:
Preparation of Azacitidine loaded PLGA nanoparticles was done by double
emulsion (w/o/w) solvent evaporation technique. PLGA was used in the formulation, as it
is biocompatible and biodegradable. Polyvinyl alcohol worked as an emulsifier while
Span 80 decreased the interfacial tension among two immiscible phases (aqueous and organic),
resulting in increased stability of the formulation.

Results:
Polymer concentration was directly proportional to the entrapment and drug
loading and inversely proportional to particle size. Azacitidine loaded PLGA NPs showed
a biphasic release model. At the first stage, burst release was observed, followed by sustained
release. About 43.93 ± 0.69% drug was released in 1 hour and the remaining drug
was released in 48 hours.

Conclusion:
Dual release behavior first delivered an ample amount of dose which provided
cytotoxic dose, followed by the maintenance dose for sustaining the cytotoxic drug
levels. Future prospective requires In-vitro cell viability evaluation of tailor-made polymeric
nanoparticles along with In-vivo evaluation for therapeutic intervention in a glioblastoma
tumor model.
House Stork. De reconstructie van een mesolithische hut
Authors: de Raaff Yannick 
Published: February 2020

House Stork. The reconstruction of a Mesolitic hut.
In the summer of 2017 a group of archaeology students of the University of Groningen built a reconstruction of a Late-Mesolithic hut (6500 – 5200/4400 cal BP) at the archaeological park Swifterkamp. It was based on the plans of huts excavated by Raymond Newell at Bergumermeer. This article explains the background of the project, the building process, and several observations regarding the use of material and the amount of labour invested in it. Lastly, it offers a number of ways in which the project will proceed in the summer of 2018.
De Vendelhelm uit Hallum: een experimentele reconstructie
Authors: Nicolay Johan , Pelsmaeker Sebastiaan 
Published: February 2020

The Vendel helmet from Hallum: an experimental reconstruction.
The bronze animal heads presented in Paleo-aktueel 28 were taken as the starting point for the reconstruction of a Vendel helmet to which they originally belonged. After a selection of more-or-less intact Vendel helmets from Swedish boat graves at Vendel, Valsgärde and Ulltuna are described shortly, the individual stages of the reconstruction are presented. During this experimental process all kind of choices had to be made, leading to new insights about the manufacture of the helmet crest (forged instead of cast), about the fastening of the central bow (with the help of both animal heads), and about the probable re-use of stamped bronze foils to produce new matrices. How the presence of a Swedish-type helmet in Friesland should be explained, is the subject of a forthcoming paper.
Ethnoarcheologie in Noord-Canada: hoe klimaatverandering en kolonialisme de traditionele manier van leven van de Inuit hebben beïnvloed van 1300 n.Chr. tot nu
Authors: Desjardins Sean P.A. 
Published: February 2020

Ethnoarchaeology in Arctic Canada: Exploring how climate change and colonialism impacted traditional Inuit life, ca. AD 1300 to present.
Over the past several hundred years, traditional practices of indigenous peoples across the circumpolar Arctic have been heavily impacted by ecological and social stresses, including episodes of dramatic climate change, as well as colonialist policies that restricted residential mobility and eventually encouraged year-roundsedentism and cultural assimilation. Given its abundance of archaeological sites and the presence of a resilient, active subsistence hunting economy, the Foxe Basin region of arctic Canada is an ideal place in which to explore these issues. In this paper, I describe recent archaeological work I have carried out in the region, and outline my plans for ethnoarchaeological investigations there in the coming years.
Uitputtend onderzoek. De ontdekking van een vergeten 19de-eeuwse welput te Boazum (Fr.)
Authors: van Popta Yftinus , Bronkhorst Remco 
Published: February 2020

Wishing well. The discovery of a forgotten 19th-century water well at Boazum (FR).
On the 16th of July 2017, a large hole opened up in the garden of a family in the Frisian village of Boazum, the Netherlands. The residents soon realised that it was the result of a collapse above a previously unknown brick-lined well in an overall good state of conservation. The construction was documented by using photogrammetry, and the resulting 3D model proved valuable for a further constructional and functional analysis. The well dates from the 19th century. It probably served to cool a nearby milk-cellar of an older farm that was demolished sometime after 1881.
POLA PERKEMBANGAN MORFOLOGI FISIK KOTA DI CEKUNGAN BANDUNG PERIODE 2009 – 2018
Authors: Wijaya Ramadhan Pasca , Susilo Bowo , Widayani Prima 
Published: February 2020

Land development will be occur from time to time, the developments will have either positive or negative impact. The impact will affect various aspects, such as socioeconomic, mobility, land quality, and more. So the study on land development is required to evaluate and anticipate the negative impact. This study aims to analyze the development of urban physical morphology in Bandung Basin period 2009 - 2018. The method in this research is qualitative descriptive in the form of data collecting, data processing, modeling and mapping. The results in this research shows that the morphological structure of developed land in Bandung Basin is concentric with the highest density of 0.3459 km² which is centered in Cimahi and Bandung, also development is elongated and along the road with the majority of the land development create a radial pattern on the radius of 0 - 4 Km, of 18-24 km and the radius 26 – 28 Km from the center of Bandung Basin, so it can be concluded that urban morphology in Bandung Basin is concentric with the linear development which is leapfrog.Keywords: Urban Morphology, Developed Land, Pattern, Development, Remote Sensing
THERMAL LINEAR EXPANSION AND RESIDUE OF DENTAL INLAY WAXES WITH LOCAL PARAFFIN
Authors: Irnawati Dyah , Widjijono Widjijono , Harsini Harsini 
Published: February 2020

Paraffin as main component of dental inlay wax is produced in Indonesia. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of compositions on thermal linier expansion (TLE) and residue of dental inlay waxes with local paraffin and beeswax. Five inlay wax compositions were repared of paraffin, carnauba wax, and beeswax with ratio: 60:35:5 (K-60), 65:30:5 (K-65), 70:25:5 (K-70), 75:20:5 (K-75), and 80:15:5 (K-80) in w/w %. Specimens of TLE (267x6,35 x6,35 mm) and residue (1g) were prepared of 5 compositions, its components, and commercial inlay wax (n=4). The TLE and residue test were done based on ANSI/ADA Specification no.4. Anova tests showed that composition were influenced the LTE and residue of inlay waxes (p<0.05). LSD results showed LTE differences among K-75 and other groups, residue of K-75 and K-80 and other groups (p<0.05). Dental inlay waxes compositions with high local paraffin concentration showed high LTE and residue, but these properties were fulfilled the ANSI/ADA requirements for dental inlay waxes.