bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High throughput mechanobiology: Force modulation of ensemble biochemical and cell-based assays
Authors: Santos Ália dos , Fili Natalia , Pearson David S. , Hari-Gupta Yukti , Toseland Christopher P. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTMechanobiology is focused on how the physical forces and the mechanical properties of proteins, cells and tissues contribute to physiology and disease. While the response of proteins and cells to mechanical stimuli is critical for function, the tools to probe these activities are typically restricted to single molecule manipulations. Here, we have developed a novel microplate reader assay to encompass mechanical measurements with ensemble biochemical and cellular assays, using a microplate lid modified with magnets. This configuration enables multiple static magnetic tweezers to function simultaneously across the microplate, thereby greatly increasing throughput. The broad applicability and versatility of our approach has been demonstrated through in vitro force-induced enzymatic activity and conformation changes, along with force-induced receptor activation and their downstream signalling pathways in live cells. Overall, our methodology allows for the first-time ensemble biochemical and cell-based assays to be performed under force, in high throughput format. This novel approach would substantially add to the mechano-biological toolbox and increase the availability of mechanobiology measurements.
Mechanism of non-blocking inhibition of sodium channels revealed by conformation-selective photolabeling
Authors: Földi Mátyás C. , Pesti Krisztina , Zboray Katalin , Hegedűs Tamás , Málnási-Csizmadia András , Lukács Peter , Mike Arpad 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSodium channel inhibitor drugs can exert their effect by either blocking, or modulating the channel. The extent of modulation versus channel block is crucial regarding the therapeutic potential of drug candidates. Modulation can be selective for pathological hyperactivity, while channel block affects vital physiological function as much as pathological activity. Previous results indicated that riluzole, a drug with neuroprotective and antiepileptic effects, may have a unique mechanism of action, where modulation is predominant, and channel block is negligible. We studied the effects of riluzole on rNaV1.4 channels expressed in HEK cells. We observed that inhibition by riluzole disappeared and reappeared at a rate that could not be explained by association/dissociation dynamics. In order to verify the mechanism of non-blocking modulation, we synchronized photolabeling with the voltage clamp protocol of patch-clamp experiments. Using this method, we could bind a photoreactive riluzole analog covalently to specific conformations of the channel. Photolabeling was ineffective at resting conformation, but effective at inactivated conformation, as judged from persisting modulated gating after removal of unbound photoactive drug from the solution. Mutation of the key residue of the local anesthetic binding site (F1579A) did not fully prevent ligand binding and inhibition, however, it eliminated most of the modulation caused by ligand binding. Our results indicate that riluzole binds with highest affinity to the local anesthetic binding site, which transmits inhibition by the unique non-blocking modulation mechanism. Our results also suggest the existence of one or more additional binding sites, with lower affinity, and different inhibition mechanism.
Vanishing White Matter Disease Expression of Truncated EIF2B5 Activates Induced Stress Response
Authors: Keefe Matthew D. , Soderholm Haille E. , Shih Hung-Yu , Stevenson Tamara J. , Glaittli Kathryn A. , Bowles D. Miranda , Scholl Erika , Colby Samuel , Merchant Samer , Hsu Edward W. , Bonkowsky Joshua L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractVanishing White Matter disease (VWM) is a severe leukodystrophy of the central nervous system caused by mutations in subunits of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2B complex (eIF2B). Current models only partially recapitulate key disease features, and pathophysiology is poorly understood. Through development and validation of zebrafish (Danio rerio) models of VWM, we demonstrate that zebrafisheif2bmutants phenocopy VWM, including impaired somatic growth, early lethality, impaired myelination, loss of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, increased apoptosis in the CNS, and impaired motor swimming behavior. Expression of humanEIF2B2in the zebrafisheif2b2mutant rescues lethality and CNS apoptosis, demonstrating conservation of function between zebrafish and human. In the mutants, intron 12 retention leads to expression of a truncatedeif2b5transcript. Expression of the truncatedeif2b5in wild-type larva impairs motor behavior and activates the ISR, suggesting that a feed-forward mechanism in VWM is a significant component of disease pathophysiology.
Graph Drawing-based Dimensionality Reduction to Identify Hidden Communities in Single-Cell Sequencing Spatial Representation
Authors: Khodadadi-Jamayran Alireza , Tsirigos Aristotelis 
Published: May 2020

SUMMARYWith the rapid growth of single cell sequencing technologies, finding cell communities with high accuracy has become crucial for large scale projects. Employing the current commonly used dimensionality reduction techniques such as tSNE and UMAP, it is often difficult to clearly distinguish cell communities in high dimensional space. Usually cell communities with similar origin and trajectories cluster so closely to each that their subtle but important differences do not become readily apparent. This creates a problem for clustering, as clustering is also performed on dimensionality reduction results. In order to identify such communities, scientists either perform broad clustering and then extract each cluster and perform re-clustering to identify sub-populations or they over-cluster the data and then merging the clusters with similar gene expressions. This is an incredibly cumbersome and time-consuming process. To solve this problem, we propose K-nearest-neighbor-based Network graph drawing Layout (KNetL, pronounced like ‘nettle’) for dimensionality reduction. In our method, we use force-directed graph drawing, whereby the attractive force (analogous to a spring force) and the repulsive force (analogous to an electrical force in atomic particles) between the cells are evaluated, and the cell communities are organized in a structural visualization. The coordinates of the force-compacted nodes are then extracted, and we employ dimensionality reduction methods, such as tSNE and UMAP to unpack the nodes. The final plot, a KNetL map, shows a visually-appealing and distinctive separation between cell communities. Our results show that KNetL maps bring significant resolution to visualizing and identifying otherwise hidden cell communities. All the algorithms are implemented in the iCellR package and available through the CRAN repository. Single (i) Cell R package (iCellR) provides great flexibility at every step of the analysis pipeline, including normalization, clustering, dimensionality reduction, interactive 2D and 3D visualizations, batch alignment or data integration, imputation, and interactive cell gating tools, which allow users to manually gate around the cells.
Understanding diffusion of information systems-based services: evidence from mobile banking services
Authors: Saeed Khawaja A. , Xu Jingjun (David) 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe Bass model is widely used in the literature to capture the diffusion of innovations and shows excellent predictive power in the context of durable goods. However, the model's efficacy fades when services are the target of analysis. Services that users adopt and subsequently utilize regularly are regarded as a continuous process that entails the possibility of dis-adoption and re-adoption. These aspects are not accounted for in the traditional Bass model. Thus, this study extends the Bass model to information system (IS)-based services by taking into account the unique nature of service adoption: the possibility of dis-adoption and re-adoption.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed hypotheses were empirically tested using a longitudinal study of mobile service usage over 18 months. The longitudinal design provides a stronger position than the typical cross-sectional survey to understand the dynamics and infer causality.FindingsResults show that the inclusion of the dis-adoption and re-adoption rates in the Bass model significantly improves the explanatory power over the traditional Bass model.Originality/valueConsumption of services delivered through IS has exponentially increased. However, understanding on the diffusion pattern of IS-based services is limited. Our study is the first to examine the effect of dis-adoption and re-adoption together in the innovation diffusion process. The study offers significant implications for researchers and practitioners. The extended Bass model can help service firms develop an accurate prediction about the number of adopters at different periods of time.
Project management processes in the adoption of smart building technologies: a systematic review of constraints
Authors: Ghansah Frank Ato , Owusu-Manu De-Graft , Ayarkwa Joshua 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe necessity for sustainable development and high building performance has led to the adoption of smart building technologies (SBTs) in the construction community. The SBTs adoption has been hindered in many different parts of the world due to several constraints underpinning the project management processes to help adopt SBTs. This paper presents a systematic review of relevant literature on barriers underpinning the project management processes on the adoption of SBTs.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents a systematic review of relevant literature on barriers to technology adoption published in academic peer-reviewed journals and conference papers. The study adopted a systematic review technique on 56 relevant articles and conference papers in relation to barriers to adoption of technology, and barrier frequency was employed to select the most reported barriers.FindingsThe study revealed the most reported barriers underpinning project management process towards SBTs adoption, which include lengthy approval process for new SBTs, structure and organization of the construction industry, higher cost for smart construction practices and materials, unfamiliarity with smart building technology and technical difficulty during construction process.Practical implicationsTo both the industry practitioners and policymakers, this review provides a valuable reference during implementation. Also, to the academic scholars on embarking on further empirical studies, the developed checklist of SBTs barriers could be important and useful.Originality/valueThis study has contributed to the knowledge of barriers underpinning the project management processes on SBTs adoption by identifying the most reported barriers in literature.
Personality configurations in teams: a comparison of compilation and composition models
Authors: Ostermeier Kathryn , Davis Mark , Pavur Robert 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the facilitating and inhibiting influence of team-level negative affectivity and conscientiousness on a dyad of emergent states, adopting and comparing both the composition and compilation perspectives.Design/methodology/approachData were collected over three time points from 410 undergraduate students nested within cross-functional project teams (N= 62). The data, including individual self-reports and judges’ ratings of team performance, were aggregated to the team-level using both composition (mean) and compilation (skewness) approaches.FindingsThe findings indicate that mean-levels of negative affectivity were associated with decreased psychological safety. The use of skewed conscientiousness counterintuitively suggests too many highly conscientious members can also be detrimental to psychological safety. Psychological safety influences team potency and ultimately performance.Originality/valueThe results of this study highlight that the aggregation approach used is important. For example, the use of skewed (but not mean-level) conscientiousness brought an undetected and counterintuitive relationship to light. Future research should use compilation approaches in addition to composition approaches.
From mass tourists to smart tourists: a perspective article
Authors: Gajdošík Tomáš , Maráková Vanda , Kučerová Jana 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to review the research on tourists and outlines future scenarios for its development.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a critical and conceptual approach to this phenomenon and provides new perspectives for its future investigation.

Findings
This research on tourists might consider more aspects, such as the change from purely human-centred to a broader scope including non-human tourists, non-physical space and non-current time slots. This might provide the opportunity to engage more research disciplines into the research on tourists.

Originality/value
The past perspective includes the comparison of research on tourists in Western Europe and North America with an often-overlooked situation in Central and Eastern Europe. The future perspectives deal with challenges that might affect tourism research in the following years.
Social responsibility and the SDGs: vignettes of Caribbean tour operators
Authors: Milwood Pauline 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to better understand how Caribbean tourism micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) perceive their corporate sustainability and social responsibility (CSSR) practices during design and implementation of new innovations. This knowledge helps our understanding of how the uniquely tourist-dependent region of the Caribbean can, through the social innovation practices of MSMEs, maximize its contribution to attainment of the 2030 sustainable development goals.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a responsibility–sustainability framework premised on seven core subjects of the International Guidance (ISO 26000) for Social Responsibility and goals from the 2030 Agenda to analyze interview data from tour operators in five Caribbean Community (CARICOM) territories: Antigua, Barbados, Grenada, Jamaica and St. Lucia.

Findings
The results reveal that when designing new products and services, Caribbean tour operators contribute to sustainable development through social and economic change, responsible business model design, fair labor and operating practices, environmental sustainability and health and safety education. These behaviors do vary and are not consistent across the tour operators.

Research limitations/implications
Social and business planners and policymakers should create deliberate and purposeful mechanisms designed for Caribbean tourism MSMEs to have a fulsome understanding of how they might maximize contributions to the 2030 Agenda.

Originality/value
This work represents the first instance of use of the ISO 26000 Guidance in a Caribbean tourism context and provides insight into tour operators’ views toward corporate sustainability and CSSR.
Smart home autonomous water management system for agricultural applications
Authors: Manoharan Hariprasath , Basha Adam Raja , Teekaraman Yuvaraja , Manoharan Abirami 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
In recent days, there is a huge loss in the income of farmers due to the reasons such as low water lever and increased pesticide attack. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to establish an efficient reliable low-cost information gathering Reliable Low-Cost Information Gathering Protocol (RLCIG) protocol for agricultural water irrigation using optimal clustering and path selection technique where the RCIG protocol wrinkles the expedient statistics about the moisture and temperature of the soil and it will be installed few inches below the pipeline. Thereafter, the congregated data will augment the irrigation of water by using a decision-making algorithm.

Design/methodology/approach
The projected model has been inscribed mathematically by underlying the wireless sensor networks (WSN) framework with deliberation of contemporary challenges. Furthermore, the energy, cost and expanse optimization framework in the WSN framework is presented. The projected technique has been tested using network simulator and the results are also integrated MATLAB.

Findings
Recently, for efficacious management in the field of agriculture, the WSN has been successfully assimilated. This instigation accomplishes the irrigation management in terms of energy, cost and communication distance. The simulation result shows that the proposed model yields better results in terms of both the transmission range and cost with efficient lifetime improvement in comparisons with existing techniques.

Originality/value
Agriculture is the need of the time whatever invention happens in the scientific world without food production no lives survive on the earth, hence, the scientific invention should also focus on agriculture, in this contrast, the authors have proposed an efficient low-cost information gathering (RCIG) protocol for agricultural water irrigation using optimal clustering and path selection technique.
Animal personalities and seed dispersal: A conceptual review
Authors: Zwolak Rafał , Sih Andrew 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Consistent individual tendencies in behaviour, or behavioural types, are likely to impact the dynamics and outcomes of animal‐mediated seed dispersal. We review the extant literature on this issue and outline a conceptual overview to guide this emerging field. We provide an overview of possible ways in which behavioural types can affect animal‐mediated seed dispersal. We summarize theoretical mechanisms linking behavioural types with seed dispersal outcomes and review how behavioural types might affect each stage of seed dispersal, beginning with fruit encounter and harvest, and ending with events that take place after seed deposition.

Since behavioural types involve correlations among different behaviours (i.e. behavioural syndromes), they can generate unexpected associations between different decisions that are involved in seed dispersal, with conflicting (or reinforcing) effects on different stages of seed dispersal. Thus, we draw particular attention to trade‐offs faced by seeds dispersed by individuals with different behavioural tendencies. We also note that since seed dispersal is a multiplicative process with different stages, disperser behavioural types that provide moderately efficient dispersal at each stage will be better for plants than behavioural types that are very efficient at some steps, but inefficient on others. Finally, we provide testable predictions on the links between behavioural types and characteristics of seed dispersal, including, for example, influences on the probability of seed harvest, dispersal distance, deposition sites and condition of dispersed seeds.

We argue that investigating the links between behavioural types and animal‐mediated seed dispersal will provide a better mechanistic understanding of seed dispersal and plant regeneration.

A free plain language summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
The (Non‐)Existence of the Middle Voice in Gothic: In Search of a Mirage
Authors: Ratkus Artūras 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGothic is unique among the Germanic languages in that it alone preserves Indo‐European mediopassive morphology with which it realises the passive voice in part of its verb paradigm. In an effort to dispel any misconceptions regarding the existence of a middle value allegedly realised by these synthetic passive verbs in Gothic, in this article I re‐examine the evidence discussed by Kleyner (2019). By bringing together a consistent application of criteria to the discussion of voice as a syntactic category and a consideration of the broader context of the evidence in question, as well as examining the relevant contrasts in attested Gothic, I show that all of the alleged examples of the middle voice are simple passives. Additionally, I discuss the properties of Gothic periphrastic passives and argue that the Gothic translators' motivations for using passive constructions to render Greek actives oscillate between native linguistic constraints and the need to convey a transparent and intelligible message. More broadly, I address a range of problems within the domain of methodology in comparative Gothic studies.
Web‐based information on orthodontic clear aligners: a qualitative and readability assessment
Authors: Meade MJ , Dreyer CW 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundData regarding the quality of information (QOI) related to orthodontic clear aligners (OCAs) on the internet are lacking. The aim of the present investigation was to assess the quality and readability of websites providing information regarding OCAs to prospective patients.MethodsThree search terms were entered separately into three search engines. Four validated QOI instruments were used to determine the QOI and readability of the content contained within the websites that satisfied predetermined criteria. Descriptive statistical analyses and intrarater testing for DISCERN scores were calculated.ResultsForty‐nine websites satisfied inclusion/exclusion criteria. General dentists (44.9%) and specialist orthodontists (26.5%) authored the majority of websites. One website contained the Health on the Net (HON) code seal. Cohen’s kappa for DISCERN scores was good (0.87). The overall mean (SD) DISCERN score was 38.55 (8.00)/80, range 26–60. The websites authored by ‘Direct‐to‐consumer’ OCA providers recorded the lowest DISCERN mean score (33/80). One website contained all four Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmarks. The mean (SD) Flesch Reading Ease score was 53.92 (9.08), range 36–82.5.ConclusionsThe QOI of the website content related to OCAs is poor and is ‘fairly difficult’ to read. Website authors should consider using QOI instruments and readability tools to enable the delivery of evidence‐based and easily readable information regarding OCAs to prospective patients.
Follow‐up of chronic paediatric hepatitis C virus in a low‐/middle‐income country
Authors: El‐Shabrawi Mortada , Baroudy Sherif , Hassanin Fetouh , Behairy Ahmed Saed , Yakoot Mostafa , Ahmed Ayaat 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimFollow‐up of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection following Interferon (IFN) plus Ribavirin (RBV) or direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) drug therapy in a cohort of paediatric outpatients as confirmed by a sustained virologic response (SVR).MethodsThis study included a cohort of 60 patients (6‐18 years), divided into 2 groups: Group 1:21 patients who completed treatment with IFN/RBV. Group 2:39 treated with dual DAA therapy: 19 with Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir (SOF/LED) and 20 with Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir (SOF/DCV).ResultsGroup 1:12 (57.1%) were cured, six were IFN/RBV treatment failure then subsequently treated with DAAs successfully, and three had liver transplants. IFN/RBV side effects were reported in all patients; however, fibrosis regressed in two cured patients. Group 2: all were cured. HCV RNA became negative in all DAAs‐treated patients at weeks 2, 4 and 12 of treatment (100%) as well as SVR after 12 weeks (100%). Thirty patients reported no adverse side effects whereas only nine suffered minor side effects.ConclusionsIn our cohort, SOF/LED therapy and SOF/DCV therapy were extremely safe and effective with 100% SVR and negligible short‐term side effects. IFN/RBV therapy was much less effective (SVR 57.1%) and accompanied with short‐term side effects. Fibrosis might stop and even regress with successful treatment.