bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Re-do robot-assisted salvage lobectomy after esophagectomy with gastric pull-up reconstruction: A case report
Authors: Shahin Ghada , Kharbanda Rohit , Tummers Quirijn , Braun Jerry 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Robot-assisted Thoracic Surgery (RATS) is well-established for complex minimally invasive thoracic surgery. Despite the available literature, robotics for complex advanced NSCLC for re-do surgery remains underexplored.
Case presentation:
We present a 55-year-old female who underwent esophagectomy with gastric pull-up reconstruction for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus (cT3N2M0, stage IIIB) after neo-adjuvant concurrent chemoradiation therapy (ypT2N1 stage IIB disease). Six years later, computed tomography (CT) scan showed stage IA Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 (TTF-1) positive adenocarcinoma in the left upper lobe treated by stereotactic radiotherapy. Two years later, a SCC of the right upper lobe (RUL) was found (Fig. 1). Although locoregional therapy was preferred Pembrolizumab® was initiated with curative intent as the tumor demonstrated a high Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Follow-up CT-scan showed no biological response. Salvage lobectomy was proposed, and patient consent obtained. As demonstrated in the video, RATS provided great exposure to the adhesions, vascularization of the neo-oesophagus and maximal dexterity in difficult spaces.
Conclusions:
This case demonstrates the value of RATS in complex re-do thoracic surgery after immunotherapy and previous thoracotomy.
The development of Disaster preparedness education for public: A scoping review
Authors: Guo Ling , Fang Mingwang , Liu Li , Chong Haiyan , Zeng Wen , Hu Xiuying 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Disasters have become an increasing concern globally due to their devastating impacts on communities, economies, and infrastructure. The rising frequency and intensity of disasters necessitate a more comprehensive, proactive and systematic approach in preparing communities to mitigate and respond effectively. To address this, disaster preparedness education for public has emerged as a crucial component of disaster risk reduction strategies and plays a crucial role in enhancing the resilience of communities and minimizing the adverse effects of disasters.
Objective: This scoping review aims to explore and map the key findings related to the development of disaster preparedness education for public and identify key themes, gaps, and challenges in this field.
Material and methods: A scoping review of literature was undertaken to assess research articles and preprints from the date of establishment to March 30, 2023. Databases included PubMed database(MEDLINE), ISI Web of Science (WOS), Google Scholar and Web of Science.
Results: 95 articles met inclusion criteria and were finally included for the review. The included studies originated from 16 countries: the United States of America(n=51), China (n=6), Iran (n=6), Japan(n=5) and Turkey(n=5) accounted for the majority of them. Research designs of included studies consisted of one cohort study, thirty randomized controlled trials, one cross-sectional study, six qualitative studies, fifty-four quasi-experimental studies and three mixed-method studies. Research objects of included studies consisted of 8 types, of which all disasters(n=58), emerging infectious diseases(n=13), mass casualty incidents(n=10) and earthquake(n=7) accounted for the majority. Together, these studies involved 31,981 participants including citizens, emergency health care providers, families of special health care needs, as well as students from different medical areas. Thematic analysis of the charted findings led to the identification of three stressed themes: (1) factors influencing the development of disaster preparedness education, (2) models and frameworks for disaster preparedness education and (3) innovative approaches in disaster preparedness education.
Conclusion: This review demonstrates a variety of factors impacting the development and implementation of simulation to assess characteristics of disaster preparedness education. Adoption of models and frameworks such as behavior change theories, risk communication models and innovative approaches could improve the quality and consistency of the disaster preparedness education.
Effects of hormone concentrations on anther cultures and the acquisition of regenerated plants of five awnless triticale genotypes
Authors: ma Jun , Zhao Fangyuan , Zhang Yinxia , Tian Xinhui , Du Wenhua 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The rapid production of doubled haploids by anther culture technology is an important breeding method for awnless triticale. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of triticale genotype and the types and ratios of exogenous hormones in the medium on the efficiency of triticale anther culture.
Results
Anthers of five triticale genotypes were cultured on four different callus induction media and the calli were induced to differentiate into green plants by culture on three different differentiation media. The triticale genotype T8004 showed the best performance in anther culture, with a callus induction rate of 28.64%, a green plantlet differentiation frequency of 33.33%, and a green plantlet production rate of 2.78%. The highest callus induction rates were obtained by culturing anthers on C3 medium, and the highest green plantlet differentiation frequency was obtained by culturing calli on D2 differentiation medium. Flow cytometry analyses showed that 15 of the 20 regenerated plants that grew normally in the field were doubled haploids. The average chromosome doubling success rate was 55.6%. Analyses of agronomic traits showed that the 15 doubled haploid plants reached the standard for awnless triticale, so they are candidate materials for breeding new awnless triticale varieties.
Conclusion
The anther culture technology of triticale was optimized in this paper, which made it possible to rapidly breed homozygous varieties of awnless triticale.
Oral GVHD Post-Cardiac Xenograft Valve Replacement: A Case Report
Authors: Feteih Sarah M. Nizar , Shihata Mohammed S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is an autoimmune disease that affects the oral cavity as well as other parts of the body. Oral GVHD occurs in 45%–83% of cases, and chronic GVHD observed in 30%–50% of cases usually manifests as an oral presentation.
Case presentation: In this case report, a 13-year-old girl was referred to the periodontics clinic from the pediatric dentistry clinics for proper diagnosis and management of the oral presentations observed after receiving a prosthetic valve replacement 2 years post-surgery. In this study, the xenograft type used was mainly investigated, as similar soft tissue grafts are used in the oral cavity with no GVHD oral manifestations being observed. This brings about an interesting discussion of the use of xenografts in different areas of the human body, but with different presentations.
Conclusions: Thus, future investigations on early diagnostic tools, including saliva or blood examinations, are needed to create preventive methods or lessen the extent of GVHD in patients.
Demographic and topographic findings suggesting poor response to crosslinking- iontophoresis in patients with progressive keratoconus
Authors: Peralba Rosario Touriño , Lago Julio Rodríguez , Lamas-Francis David , Martínez-Pérez Laura , Rodríguez-Ares Teresa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

PURPOSE: To evaluate demographic and tomographical parameters in predicting treatment response following transepithelial iontophoresis-assisted corneal cross-linking (I-CXL) for progressive keratoconus.
METHODS: Forty eyes (20 aged <19 years and 20 aged ≥19 years) underwent I-CXL treatment between 2016 and 2022. Progression criteria based on the ABCD system, changes in asphericity (Q), demographic factors and keratoconus phenotypes were evaluated. Subjects were followed for 24 months after procedure.
RESULTS: Sixty percent of participants were male. The mean age at the time of treatment was 21.0±6.0 years. All tomographical values showed progression after 2 years of follow-up (p<0.05), particularly during the first 6 months, except for anterior curvature. Within the ABCD grading system, we observed: A) an increase in anterior curvature, more evident with lower initial values; B) an increase in posterior curvature, more pronounced with higher initial values. Two years after I-CXL, 20% of subjects met progression criteria in two or more parameters, with 62.5% being under 19 years of age. Patients with a family history of corneal ectasia exhibited a mean KMax progression of 1.94D±1.88, (p=0.046). Only phenotypes 3 and 4 showed progression. Although patients under 19 years showed greater progression in all tomographical variables at the end of the study, this difference was not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: Treatment with I-CXL did not stop progression in the variables studied two years after the procedure in an effective manner, especially in patients younger than 19 years. A family history of corneal ectasia and subtype 4 keratoconus predicted a less favourable response to I-CXL.
Machine Learning-Based Analysis of Hardness in Polypropylene/Carbon Nanotube and Low-DensityPolyethylene/Carbon Nanotube Composites
Authors: Sharma Harshit , Arora Gaurav , Kumar Raj , Debnath Suman , Siengchin Suchart 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In the present work, the hardness prediction of polypropylene/carbon nanotubes (PP/CNT) and low-density polyethylene/carbon nanotubes (LDPE/CNT) composite materials, processed by microwave technique, has been explored using machine learning models i.e. (Random Forest, Support Vector Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors, Linear Regression, and Neural Network). Four input vectors have been used in the construction of proposed network, such as CNT concentration, power, pressure applied, and exposure time. Hardness prediction is one output that has been evolved from the proposed work. This study presents the prediction of hardness based on machine learning models for both PP/CNT and LDPE/CNT composite materials, and the results show that the Random Forest model consistently performs better than the others models in context with performance metrics like Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Rate of determination (R2) values. Investigates have been performed on resampling strategies, showing that the jackknife approach enhances model precision and robustness in the case of LDPE/CNT composites. For PP/CNT composite material, it has been noticed that Random Forest gives the highest value of R2 (0.94), whereas Random Forest has the lowest R2 value 0.18 for LDPE/CNT composite material. Random Forest is the most reliable model for predicting the characteristics of PP/CNT composite material due to its ability to handle complex datasets. LDPE/CNT composite material shows superior prediction accuracy with a maximum error of 1.61%, making it a better option for high-precision applications because of improved mechanical interactions and better CNT dispersion.
The Effect of Background Colors of Learning Materials on Memory:evidence from Chinese Characters
Authors: CAI PING , Wang Jun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In teaching practice, color is a common and significant stimulus that can influence learners' cognitive load and learning outcomes through the mediating effects of attention and emotion. Given the challenges faced by CSL learners in mastering and memorizing Chinese characters, this study explores the impact of the background color of learning materials—one aspect of the physical learning environment—on the memory retention of Chinese characters among CSL learners. The study employs four background colors (white, red, blue, and green) and adopts a combination of E-Prime psychological experimentation, questionnaire surveys, and semi-structured interviews to examine the recall performance of 30 participants with similar working memory capacity and no particular color preference. The participants' ability to recall Chinese characters was assessed through written recall tasks under the four different background colors. The collected data were then analyzed using SPSS 26.0, with the p-values adjusted using the Greenhouse-Geisser method and multiple comparisons corrected using the Bonferroni method. The results indicate that the background color of the learning materials has a significant effect on the memorization of Chinese characters. Specifically, the red background was found to facilitate the completion of focused memory tasks and demonstrated a robust memory enhancement effect. In contrast, the blue background may be more suitable for creative tasks, as it exhibited a certain degree of memory suppression effect in focused memory tests. Moreover, the effects of white and green backgrounds on character recall were similar, falling between the effects observed for red and blue backgrounds. These findings partially validate the revised cognitive load model proposed by Choi et al. (2014) and highlight that color, as an independent factor, plays a crucial role in influencing learning outcomes. This study thus contributes to the theoretical understanding of background color and its implications for enhancing the efficacy of learning materials.
Phase I study of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with S-1 for clinically resectable type 4 or large type 3 gastric cancer in elderly patients aged 75 years and older (OGSG1303)
Authors: Shinkai Masayuki , Imano Motohiro , Yokokawa Masaki , Matsuyama Jin , Kimura Yutaka , Shimokawa Toshio , Kawakami Hisato , Satoh Taroh , Yasuda Takushi , Furukawa Hiroshi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose The prognosis for type 4 and large type 3 gastric cancer (GC) is extremely poor, especially in elderly patients (≥ 75 years). To improve the prognosis of these types of GC, we performed a phase I study to determine the recommended dose (RD) of S-1 combined with neoadjuvant radiotherapy.Methods Patients with clinically resectable type 4 and large type 3 GC were enrolled to successive cohorts in a conventional 3 + 3 design. Three dose levels were designed, as follows: level 0: S-1 60 mg/m2/day on Days 1–14; level 1: S-1 80 mg/m2/day on Days 1 − 14; level 2: S-1 80 mg/m2/day on Days 1–14 and Days 22–35. The starting dose was level 1. Radiotherapy was delivered at a total dose of 40 Gy in fractions for 4 weeks.Results Ten patients were enrolled from July 2014 to August 2018. Six patients were registered at level 1, and one patient developed a dose limiting toxicity as gastric stenosis (grade 3). Two of four patients enrolled at level 2 developed dose limiting toxicity (inability to receive S-1 for hematological reasons). Therefore, the RD was determined as level 1. All patients underwent the protocol surgery; one patient underwent R1 resection because of positive peritoneal washing cytology. There were no treatment-related deaths, and the pathological response rate was 80%. The 5-year overall- and progression-free survival rates were both 60.0%.Conclusion The RD was determined as level 1. A phase II trial using the RD should be initiated.
Gait biomechanics and postural adaptations in forward head posture: A comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Lin Guohao , Zhao Xiong , Tao Zhihao , Wang Weijie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Forward head posture (FHP) is a common postural deviation in the sagittal plane. Despite the growing interest in FHP, research on gait biomechanics in individuals with FHP remains scarce. This study aimed to investigate gait biomechanics in FHP, with a gait performance-based craniovertebral angle (CVA) cut-off.
Methods
Forty-eight participants were included in the study, with CVA measurements used to assess head-and-neck posture. Three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic data were collected using a motion capture system during three walking trials at preferred speeds. Spatiotemporal gait parameters, joint angles, joint moments, joint powers, joint forces, center of mass (COM) trajectories, and COM-to-joint angles (knees and ankles) were analyzed. The time series data were compared between the two groups using statistical parametric mapping to identify potential changes during the entire gait cycle.
Results
Forty-eight participants were recruited and divided into control (n = 26) and FHP (n = 22) groups based on a CVA cut-off of 44 degrees determined by K-means clustering. There were no significant differences in spatiotemporal gait parameters between the control and FHP groups. However, the FHP group exhibited significantly greater trunk flexion during the loading response and initial midstance (2.21–14.50%, p = 0.047), as well as pre-swing and initial swing phases of the gait cycle (46.45–68.86%, p = 0.039). A significant reduction in the COM-to-knee angle was observed during mid-swing in the FHP group (71.26–87.92%, p = 0.007). Additionally, significant differences in sagittal knee power and longitudinal knee/ankle joint forces were observed in the final stages of the gait cycle (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in COM trajectories or other gait parameters.
Conclusion
This study identified compensatory trunk flexion in individuals with FHP during specific phases of the gait cycle, despite no significant differences in overall gait parameters. A CVA cut-off of 44 degrees was proposed as a criterion for diagnosing FHP based on walking performance. These findings provide insight into how individuals with FHP adapt their posture to maintain gait stability and highlight the importance of considering biomechanical adaptations in FHP diagnosis.
Study on the law of stress distribution in the presence of remaining coal pillar in a close-distance coal seam and the reasonable location of the roadway
Authors: Wei Xiao-Xiang , Zhao Zhi-Qiang , Wang Yin-Wei , Wang Xiao-He , Hui Zi-Long 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In order to reveal the impact of remaining coal pillar on roadway layout of the lower seam after the upper part of the close coal seam is reversely mined, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are conducted in this paper. With the roadway to be excavated in a mine located in Shanxi as the research object, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are performed to explore the evolution of stress field in the lower coal seam under the influence of the leftover coal pillar. Also, an analysis is conducted on the mechanism of deformation and destruction occurring to the roadway in the lower coal seam, so as to determine the rational layout of roadway in the lower coal seam and the optimal parameters related to roadway support. The study area is divided into two zones by considering the main influencing factors. Allowing for the mode of mining and to ensure safety, it is recommended that the roadway should be positioned at the edge of the H-II area, such as at the location that is 15-20m or 40-45m away from the study area. Taking into account these influencing factors, the original tunnel support parameters are optimized.
Elevated levels of PAI-1 precede the manifestation of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hernestål-Boman Jenny , Öhman Tina , Jansson Jan-Håkan , Lind Marcus M , Rolandsson Olov , Bergdahl Ingvar A , Johansson Lars 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Aims
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is the main inhibitor of the fibrinolytic system and is mainly secreted from adipose tissue. It is associated with cardiovascular disease and has also been considered a possible early risk marker for type 2 diabetes. Here, we present the results of a large prospective study investigating PAI-1 levels in relation to incident type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods
We conducted a prospective incident case-referent study within the Västerbotten Intervention Programme (VIP). Data on cardiovascular risk factors, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour plasma glucose (2-hPG) were collected at baseline health examination 1990-2006. Blood samples were collected and stored for future analyses. Participants were followed and 484 cases developed type 2 diabetes. Referents without type 2 diabetes were matched for sex, age, and year of participation, n=484. Baseline plasma samples were analysed for PAI-1. Subgroup analysis was performed for 201 cases and 201 matched referents with normal baseline glucose levels (FPG < 6.1 and 2hPG < 8.9 mmol/L).
Results
Elevated baseline levels of PAI-1 were associated with incident type 2 diabetes after adjustments for BMI, family history of diabetes, smoking status, hypertension, FPG and 2hPG (PAI-1; OR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.06-3.29). A similar result was shown in the subgroup analysis with 201 participants who had normal glucose levels at time of the health examination (PAI-1; OR=2.68, 95% CI: 1.03-6.95).
Conclusions
Elevated PAI-1 levels in non-diabetic persons precede the manifestation of type 2 diabetes and can be detected before an elevation of FPG or 2-hPG is observed.
Efficacy analysis of PD-L1 and CTLA-4 bispecific antibodies combined with chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of pulmonary SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor and literature review
Authors: Jin Linzhi , Ren Runchuan , Song Ping , Zheng Anping , Wang Shaohua , Wang Chengyu , Cheng Xinyu , Guo Ying , Zhang Yaowen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumors (SMARCA4-UTs) are clinically aggressive, and it is associated with rapid progression and poor prognosis. The PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have been reported to be effective in a minority of SMARCA4-UT patients. However, to our knowledge, no reports have described the treatment of SMARCA4-UT with PD-1 and CTLA-4 bispecific antibodies. In this paper, the data of a patient with SMARAC4-UT who was treated with PD-1 and CTLA-4 bispecific antibodies at Anyang Cancer Hospital were analyzed and summarized. In addition, a literature review of the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this disease was conducted. PD-1 and CTLA-4 bispecific antibodies showed promising results in the treatment of SMARCA4-deficient tumor.