bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Einfluss der radikalen Zystektomie auf die Lebensqualität und Strategien für deren Erhalt
Authors: Rudolph Julia , Martini Thomas , Wezel Felix 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungDie radikale Zystektomie stellt einen wesentlichen Einschnitt in das Leben betroffener Patienten dar. Insbesondere ältere Patienten weisen nach radikaler Zystektomie oft eine begrenzte Lebenserwartung auf. Daher treten neben der reinen Tumortherapie insbesondere Aspekte der Lebensqualität in den Vordergrund.In dieser narrativen Übersichtsarbeit wurden durch selektive Literaturrecherche Faktoren identifiziert, die einen Einfluss auf die Lebensqualität der betroffenen Patienten haben können. Dazu gehören neben Strategien zur Minimierung der perioperativen Morbidität eine optimale, individualisierte Therapieplanung. Diese sollte neben Faktoren wie Alter, Komorbiditäten, Wahl der Harnableitung auch altersspezifische, physiologische Gegebenheiten des Patienten wie die Gebrechlichkeit (Frailty) berücksichtigen. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) sind essenzielle Instrumente, um die Lebensqualität standardisiert zu erfassen und sollten im klinischen Ablauf weiter etabliert werden.
Usefulness of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy for the diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis using a 22-gauge Franseen needle: a prospective multicenter study
Authors: Ishikawa Takuya , Kawashima Hiroki , Ohno Eizaburo , Suhara Hiroki , Hayashi Daijuro , Hiramatsu Takeshi , Matsubara Hiroshi , Suzuki Takahisa , Kuwahara Takamichi , Ishikawa Eri , Shimoyama Yoshie , Kinoshita Fumie , Hirooka Yoshiki , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Detailed histological evaluation is important in the diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). However, it remains challenging to obtain adequate tissue from the pancreas. Recently, several reports have suggested the usefulness of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) using the new “core” needles for acquiring pancreatic tissue. We aimed to investigate the usefulness of EUS-FNB for diagnosing AIP with one such needle, a 22-gauge Franseen needle.
Methods Patients who met the imaging diagnostic criteria for AIP based on the International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria (ICDC) were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent EUS-FNB with a 22-gauge Franseen needle. Histological findings were evaluated based on the ICDC, and the detection rates of level 1 and level 1 or 2 histology were calculated.
Results 56 patients from 11 different institutions were enrolled in the final analysis (55 suspected to have type 1 AIP and one with type 2 AIP). Lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, obliterative phlebitis, storiform fibrosis, and > 10 IgG4-positive cells per high-power field were detected in 55 (100 %), 24 (43.6 %), 40 (72.7 %), and 36 (65.5 %) of the 55 patients, respectively. The detection rates of level 1 and level 1 or 2 histology for AIP were 58.2 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 44.1 % – 71.3 %) and 92.7 % (95 %CI 82.4 % – 98.0 %), respectively, which were apparently higher than our historical results (7.9 % [95 %CI 1.7 % – 21.4 %] and 62.2 % [95 %CI 46.5 % – 76.2 %], respectively) using a conventional needle.
Conclusions EUS-FNB with a 22-gauge Franseen needle demonstrated favorable detection rates which would be clinically beneficial for the histological diagnosis of AIP.
Diagnostic yield of early repeat colonoscopy after suboptimal bowel preparation in a fecal immunochemical test-based screening program
Authors: Baile-Maxía Sandra , Mangas-Sanjuan Carolina , Medina-Prado Lucía , Martínez-Sempere Juan , Murcia Oscar , Ruíz-Gómez Francisco , Casellas Juan A. , Zapater Pedro , Jover Rodrigo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Current guidelines regarding surveillance after screening colonoscopy assume adequate bowel preparation. However, follow-up intervals after suboptimal cleansing are highly heterogeneous. We aimed to determine the diagnostic yield of early repeat colonoscopy in patients with suboptimal bowel preparation in fecal immunochemical test (FIT)-based screening colonoscopy.
Methods An observational study including patients who underwent colonoscopy with suboptimal bowel preparation after positive FIT screening and then repeat colonoscopy within 1 year. Suboptimal preparation was defined as a Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) score of 1 in any segment. Patients with a BBPS score of 0 in any segment or incomplete examination were excluded. The adenoma detection rate (ADR), advanced ADR (AADR), and colorectal cancer rate were calculated for the index and repeat colonoscopies.
Results Of the 2474 patients with FIT-positive colonoscopy at our center during this period, 314 (12.7 %) had suboptimal preparation. Of the 259 (82.5 %) patients who underwent repeat colonoscopy, suboptimal cleansing persisted in 22 (9 %). On repeat colonoscopy, the ADR was 38.7 % (95 %CI 32.6 % to 44.8 %) and the AADR was 14.9 % (95 %CI 10.5 % to 19.4 %). The per-adenoma miss rate was 27.7 % (95 %CI 24.0 % to 31.6 %), and the per-advanced adenoma miss rate was 17.6 % (95 %CI 13.3 % to 22.7 %). After repeat colonoscopy, the post-polypectomy surveillance recommendation changed from 10 to 3 years in 14.7 % of the patients with previous 10-year surveillance recommendation.
Conclusions Patients with suboptimal bowel preparation on FIT-positive colonoscopy present a high rate of advanced adenomas in repeat colonoscopy, with major changes in post-polypectomy surveillance recommendations.
ERCP plus endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage versus percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage for malignant hilar biliary obstruction: a multicenter observational open-label study
Authors: Kongkam Pradermchai , Orprayoon Theerapat , Boonmee Chaloemphon , Sodarat Passakorn , Seabmuangsai Orathai , Wachiramatharuch Chatchawan , Auan-Klin Yutthaya , Pham Khanh Cong , Tasneem Abbas Ali , Kerr Stephen J. , Romano Rommel , Jangsirikul Sureeporn , Ridtitid Wiriyaporn , Angsuwatcharakon Phonthep , Ratanachu-ek Thawee , Rerknimitr Rungsun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) may not provide complete biliary drainage in patients with Bismuth III/IV malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHBO). Complete biliary drainage is accomplished by adding percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD). We prospectively compared recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) rates between combined ERCP and endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) vs. bilateral PTBD.
Methods Patients with MHBO undergoing endoscopic procedures (group A) were compared with those undergoing bilateral PTBD (group B). The primary outcome was the 3-month RBO rate.
Results 36 patients were recruited into groups A (n = 19) and B (n = 17). Rates of technical and clinical success, and complications of group A vs. B were 84.2 % (16/19) vs. 100 % (17/17; P = 0.23), 78.9 % (15/19) vs. 76.5 % (13/17; P > 0.99), and 26.3 % (5/19) vs. 35.3 % (6/17; P = 0.56), respectively. Within 3 and 6 months, RBO rates of group A vs. group B were 26.7 % (4/15) vs. 88.2 % (15/17; P  = 0.001) and 22.2 % (2/9) vs. 100 % (9/9; P = 0.002), respectively. At 3 months, median number of biliary reinterventions in group A was significantly lower than in group B (0 [interquartile range] 0–1 vs. 1 [1–2.5]), respectively (P < 0.001). Median time to development of RBO was longer in group A than in group B (92 [56–217] vs. 40 [13.5–57.8] days, respectively; P  =  0.06).
Conclusions Combined ERCP and EUS procedures provided significantly lower RBO rates at 3 and 6 months vs. bilateral PTBD, with similar complication rates and no significant mortality difference.
Avaliação dos efeitos da natação como reabilitação pós-operatória na regeneração nervosa de ratos da linhagem Wistar submetidos a enxerto de nervos autólogos após lesão do nervo ciático
Authors: Andrade Igor Rabelo de Sales , Nakachima Luis Renato , Fernandes Marcela , Fernandes Carlos Henrique , Santos João Baptista Gomes dos , Valente Sandra Gomes 
Published: June 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar os efeitos da natação na regeneração nervosa após a lesão do nervo ciático em ratos Wistar.
Métodos Um total de 30 ratos Wistar foram divididos em 3 grupos: grupo Sham + Nat: animais que não foram submetidos à cirurgia de enxerto e foram submetidos à natação (n = 10); grupo Enxerto: animais que foram submetidos à cirurgia de enxerto autólogo de nervo ciático (n = 10); e grupo Enx + Nat: animais submetidos à cirurgia de enxerto autólogo de nervo ciático e à natação (n = 10). Os resultados foram analisados pelo software GraphPad Prism 5.0 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, EUA).
Resultados Na primeira avaliação, todos os valores do índice funcional do ciático (IFC) foram semelhantes (p = 0.609). Após 30 dias do procedimento cirúrgico, foram observadas diferenças entre todas as comparações: Sham + Nat (−34,64 ± 13,89) versus Enxerto (−145,9 ± 26,06), grupos Sham + Nat versus Enx + Nat (−89,40 ± 7,501), grupos Enxerto (−145,9 ± 26,06) versus Enx + Nat (−89,40 ± 7,501). Nas medidas (60 e 90 dias), não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos Enxerto e Enx + Nat, com valores significativamente menores em relação ao grupo controle (p < 0,001). O número de motoneurônios apresentou diferenças nas comparações entre os grupos Sham + Nat e Enxerto (647,1 ± 16,42 versus 563,4 ± 8,07; p < 0,05) e Sham + Nat e Enx + Nat (647,1 ± 16,42 versus 558,8 ± 14,79; p < 0,05), não havendo diferença entre os grupos Enxerto e Enx + Nat.
Conclusão Os animais submetidos ao protocolo de natação após o procedimento de enxerto do nervo ciático não apresentaram diferenças nos valores de IFC e nos números de motoneurônios quando comparados com grupo controle. Portanto, este tipo de protocolo não é eficiente para reabilitação de lesões nervosas periféricas que necessitam de enxerto, sendo necessários novos estudos.
Ethical Responsibilities to Adults with Communication Impairments Involved in Group Therapy
Authors: Elman Roberta J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEthical challenges can arise when providing group therapy to adults living with communication impairments. In addition to the ethical challenges that may be encountered when conducting one-to-one therapy intervention, practitioners must also consider dilemmas that are specific to group therapy. This article considers the principles and rules of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) Code of Ethics via a series of clinical vignettes that illustrate four ethical challenges that may be encountered when providing group therapy: acquiring sufficient clinical competency to conduct group therapy; handling issues related to client confidentiality; resisting external pressure to provide groups solely for financial gain and/or other administrative efficiencies; and handling practitioner–client boundaries.
Clinical Application of the Basic Science of Articular Cartilage Pathology and Treatment
Authors: Schreiner Anna J. , Stoker Aaron M. , Bozynski Chantelle C. , Kuroki Keiichi , Stannard James P. , Cook James L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe joint is an organ with each tissue playing critical roles in health and disease. Intact articular cartilage is an exquisite tissue that withstands incredible biologic and biomechanical demands in allowing movement and function, which is why hyaline cartilage must be maintained within a very narrow range of biochemical composition and morphologic architecture to meet demands while maintaining health and integrity. Unfortunately, insult, injury, and/or aging can initiate a cascade of events that result in erosion, degradation, and loss of articular cartilage such that joint pain and dysfunction ensue. Importantly, articular cartilage pathology affects the health of the entire joint and therefore should not be considered or addressed in isolation. Treating articular cartilage lesions is challenging because left alone, the tissue is incapable of regeneration or highly functional and durable repair. Nonoperative treatments can alleviate symptoms associated with cartilage pathology but are not curative or lasting. Current surgical treatments range from stimulation of intrinsic repair to whole-surface and whole-joint restoration. Unfortunately, there is a relative paucity of prospective, randomized controlled, or well-designed cohort-based clinical trials with respect to cartilage repair and restoration surgeries, such that there is a gap in knowledge that must be addressed to determine optimal treatment strategies for this ubiquitous problem in orthopedic health care. This review article discusses the basic science rationale and principles that influence pathology, symptoms, treatment algorithms, and outcomes associated with articular cartilage defects in the knee.
Efficacy of Liposomal Bupivacaine versus Ropivacaine in Adductor Canal Block for Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Chen Chang-Hwa Mary , Yun Andrew G. , Fan Teresa 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAdductor canal block (ACB) is advantageous for postoperative analgesia in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) because it results in minimal motor block. Liposomal bupivacaine (LB) is Food and Drug Administration-approved extended-release formulation of bupivacaine for interscalene peripheral nerve blocks. Its use is increasing in the TKA setting, mainly as a local infiltration agent. We compared the efficacy of ACB using LB versus ropivacaine in TKA. Two cohorts of patients were retrospectively analyzed at a single institution receiving ropivacaine and LB ACB for TKA. Duration of LB ACB, time to first opioid use postrecovery room, amount of opioid use postrecovery room, length of stay (LOS), and average and highest pain scores were collected. A total of 91 and 142 TKA patients received ropivacaine and LB for ACB, respectively. At 8 hours postrecovery room, more patients in the LB group required no opioids compared with the ropivacaine group (p = 0.026). Mean opioid consumption was lower in the LB group than in the ropivacaine group at 8 and 24 hours postrecovery room, although statistical significance was only observed at 8 hours (p = 0.022). The highest pain score for patients in the two groups was not statistically different. The average pain score for patients with a 2-day LOS was higher in the LB group, but average pain scores were similar for patients with 1- and 3-day LOS. Median LOS for the LB and ropivacaine groups was 1 and 2 days, respectively (p < 0.0001). Significantly lower opioid use at 8 hours postrecovery room was seen in the LB group compared with the ropivacaine group. There was no difference in opioid use at 24 and 48 hours. There was also no advantage with LB ACB in decreasing pain scores. However, the LB ACB group demonstrated a significantly shorter LOS compared with the ropivacaine ACB group.
Effectiveness and Safety of Apixaban for Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism in Daily Practice
Authors: Hendriks Stephan V. , Klok Frederikus A. , Stenger Wilhelmina J.E. , Mairuhu Albert T.A. , Eikenboom Jeroen , Fogteloo Jaap , Huisman Menno V. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Phase 3 trials have shown comparable efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and vitamin K antagonists in patients with acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), with less major bleeding events in patients randomized to DOAC treatment. With DOACs being increasingly used in clinical practice, evaluation of the DOACs in daily practice-based conditions is needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of apixaban in VTE patients in daily practice.
Methods In this retrospective cohort study, consecutive patients diagnosed with VTE in two Dutch hospitals (Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden and Haga Teaching Hospital, The Hague) were identified based on administrative codes. We assessed recurrent VTE, major bleeding and mortality during a 3-month follow-up period in those treated with apixaban.
Results Of 671 consecutive VTE patients treated with apixaban, 371 presented with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and 300 patients with deep-vein thrombosis. During 3 months treatment, 2 patients had a recurrent VTE (0.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.08–1.1), 12 patients had major bleeding (1.8%; 95% CI: 1.0–3.2), and 11 patients died (1.6%; 95% CI: 0.9–2.9), of which one patient with recurrent PE and one because of a intracerebral bleeding.
Conclusion In this daily practice-based cohort, apixaban yielded a low incidence of recurrent VTE, comparable to the phase 3 AMPLIFY study patients. The incidence of major bleeding was higher than in the AMPLIFY-study patients, reflecting the importance of daily practice evaluation and the fact that results from phase III clinical studies cannot be directly extrapolated toward daily practice.
The loss of affixation in Cham
Authors: Brunelle Marc 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Chamic languages have been spoken in Central Vietnam since about
600 AD. While Classical Cham (9th–15th centuries), had already lost a significant
proportion of its Austronesian affixation, it also borrowed new affixes from Mon-Khmer.
Modern Cham (16th–19th centuries) underwent another wave of reduction that led to a
largely monosyllabic and affixless Colloquial Eastern Cham (20th–21st centuries).
In this paper I first look at representative Classical Cham
inscriptions, establishing the extent to which they exhibit a reduction of affixation,
and discussing possible contact scenarios that may have led to this reduction. I then
assess the prevalence of affixation in Modern Cham manuscripts and in Colloquial Eastern
Cham, and argue that the role Vietnamese played in Cham monosyllabisation must have been
more indirect than previously assumed.
Dual heritage
Authors: Gil David 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
How and why did Riau Indonesian acquire its isolating profile? Its
isolating structure may traced back continuously through a series of increasingly large
language networks – Malay/Indonesian koinés, Malay/Indonesian in general, Malayic,
Western Nusantara, and the Mekong-Mamberamo linguistic area – thereby refuting claims
that it is the product of a recent event of creolisation. Riau Indonesian and its
relatives exhibit dual heritage: Austronesian and Mekong-Mamberamo. From an Austronesian
perspective, the isolating profile developed when Austronesian languages first spread
into Nusantara, as a result of contact with the languages that were already present in
the region. However, from a Mekong-Mamberamo point of view, the isolating structure may
be viewed as the outcome of vertical inheritance dating back as far as we can see.
Voice and bare verbs in Colloquial Minangkabau
Authors: Crouch Sophie 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Minangkabau is an Austronesian language spoken primarily in West
Sumatra. Previous studies of voice and morphosyntax, which have largely relied on
elicitation-based methodology, suggest that Minangkabau can be characterised as an
Indonesian-type language since its active/passive voice system resembles that of
Malay/Indonesian. This study, which makes use of a corpus of naturalistic Minangkabau
data, finds that the use of bare verbs (i.e. verbs that are unmarked for voice) is
pervasive in informal and conversational contexts. Morphological underspecification for
voice in the naturalistic data suggests that Colloquial Minangkabau is a distinct
variety. The apparent optional nature of voice marking in Colloquial Minangkabau
indicates that its function is primarily semantic and conceptual, and that Colloquial
Minangkabau is better characterised as having a Sundic-type voice system.
Policy design and state capacity in the COVID-19 emergency in Italy: if you are not prepared for the (un)expected, you can be only what you already are
Authors: Capano Giliberto 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Italy was the first large epicentre of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Western world. Since the country has not had any serious experience with this kind of disease in recent decades, its response has been indicative of a first reaction to an (un)known and (un)expected event. At the same time, the Italian experience is an emblematic case of how a lack of specific preparedness measures drives a country to deal with this kind of crisis through a process in which the existing characteristics of the policy and political system, with all their pros and cons, prevail. This means that the existing country characteristics that affects policy design, state capacity, institutional arrangements and political games forge the process and content of the response. Based on this observation, this paper analyses the policy dynamics of the first four months of management of the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy, focusing on how the health and economic responses were designed and implemented.
The impurity size-effect and phonon deformation potentials in wurtzite GaN
Authors: Kluth Elias , Wieneke Matthias , Bläsing Jürgen , Witte Hartmut , Lange Karsten , Dadgar Armin , Goldhahn Rüdiger , Feneberg Martin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Doping induced changes in lattice parameters are investigated experimentally for the shallow donors silicon and germanium in thin-film wurtzite a-plane GaN. Silicon doping results in a lattice contraction while germanium doping results in a small but measurable lattice expansion. By high-resolution x-ray diffraction, we are able to determine the isotropically averaged size-effect with high accuracy. The analysis procedure yields en passant results for the phonon deformation potentials

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Waves induced by heterogeneity in oscillatory media
Authors: Huang Chunli , Huang Xiaoqing , Zhang Xiaoming , Cui Xiaohua 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Various behaviours of nonlinear wave propagation and competition have been discussed and investigated extensively and meticulously, especially when the media are homogeneous. However, corresponding studies in heterogeneous media are much scarcer. In this paper, spontaneously generated waves from one-dimensional heterogeneous oscillatory media, modelled by complex Ginzburg–Landau equations with spatially varied controlling parameters, are investigated. An unexpected homogeneous wave train clearly emerges under certain conditions. With the theory of interface-selected waves, we can theoretically predict the frequencies and wavenumbers under several conditions. This kind of wave train can be found in a wide region of parameter space. These phenomena are robust when parameters are varied nonlinearly or linearly with fluctuation. Moreover, this kind of homogeneous wave plays an important role in wave competition and affects wave propagation in spatially heterogeneous nonlinear systems, which will bring new applications of heterogeneity and provide new ideas for wave control.
Intercore spontaneous Raman scattering impact on quantum key distribution in multicore fiber
Authors: Cai Chun , Sun Yongmei , Ji Yuefeng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We propose a theoretical model to quantitatively estimate the intercore spontaneous Raman scattering (ICSRS) in multicore fiber based on intercore crosstalk. We analyze the properties of ICSRS through numerical simulations. Then, the impact of ICSRS on quantum key distribution (QKD) is evaluated with a classical dense wavelength division multiplexing system in a seven-core fiber. We evaluate the impact in two scenarios, long-distance transmission and metropolitan area transmission. For long-distance transmission, it is revealed that both the forward-ICSRS and backward-ICSRS will reduce the maximum transmission distance of QKD and backward-ICSRS has more impairment to QKD. However, over the range of metropolitan area networks, QKD is not impaired seriously by ICSRS with typical power of classical signal. Finally, we compare the properties of SRS generated in single-core fiber and the properties of ICSRS.