bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward Low-Cost All-Organic and Biodegradable Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Delaporte N. , Lajoie G. , Collin-Martin S. , Zaghib K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis work presents an alternative method for fabricating Li-ion electrodes in which the use of aluminum/copper current collectors and expensive binders is avoided. Low-cost natural cellulose fibers with a 2-mm length are employed as binder and support for the electrode. The objective of this method is to eliminate the use of heavy and inactive current collector foils as substrates and to replace conventional costly binders with cellulose fibers. Moreover, no harmful solvents, such as N-methylpyrrolidone, are employed for film fabrication. Water-soluble carbons are also utilized to reduce the preparation time and to achieve a better repartition of carbon in the electrode, thus improving the electrochemical performance. Flexible and resistant LiFePO4(LFP), Li4Ti5O12(LTO), organic 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA), and graphite electrodes are obtained with active mass loadings similar to those obtained by the current casting method. The initial discharge capacity of approximately 130 mAh·g−1at 2 C is obtained for an LFP/LTO paper battery with an approximately 91.6% capacity retention after 1000 cycles. An all-organic prelithiated PTCDA/graphite cell without a transition metal is prepared and electrochemically tested. It is one of the first self-standing batteries that is composed of organic redox active molecules and biodegradable components reported in literature.
Relating Natural Language Aptitude to Individual Differences in Learning Programming Languages
Authors: Prat Chantel S. , Madhyastha Tara M. , Mottarella Malayka J. , Kuo Chu-Hsuan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis experiment employed an individual differences approach to test the hypothesis that learning modern programming languages resembles second “natural” language learning in adulthood. Behavioral and neural (resting-state EEG) indices of language aptitude were used along with numeracy and fluid cognitive measures (e.g., fluid reasoning, working memory, inhibitory control) as predictors. Rate of learning, programming accuracy, and post-test declarative knowledge were used as outcome measures in 36 individuals who participated in ten 45-minute Python training sessions. The resulting models explained 50–72% of the variance in learning outcomes, with language aptitude measures explaining significant variance in each outcome even when the other factors competed for variance. Across outcome variables, fluid reasoning and working-memory capacity explained 34% of the variance, followed by language aptitude (17%), resting-state EEG power in beta and low-gamma bands (10%), and numeracy (2%). These results provide a novel framework for understanding programming aptitude, suggesting that the importance of numeracy may be overestimated in modern programming education environments.
A model study of terraced riverbeds as novel ecosystems
Authors: Yizhaq Hezi , Shachak Moshe , Meron Ehud 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRiverbed terracing has been introduced in ancient times to retain water and soil, to reduce hydrological connectivity and erosion and to increase primary and secondary productivity of agro-ecological systems. These presently abandoned human-made landscapes have become novel ecosystems and a potential source of ecosystem services to humans in drylands. We use a mathematical-modeling approach to study factors that regulate terraced riverbeds and affect community and ecosystem attributes such as productivity, functional diversity and resilience to droughts. We introduce a model that captures the relationships between rainfall pattern, runoff coupling between adjacent terraces, and vegetation growth, taking into account competition for water and light. We found that a large number of weak rainfall events results in lower total biomass and functional diversity across the terraced riverbed compared with a few strong rainfall events. We further analyzed the filtering of species traits from pools of functional groups that make different tradeoffs between investment in above-ground biomass to capture canopy resources and investment in below-ground biomass to capture soil resources. Pools characterized by concave tradeoffs give rise to higher functional diversity, lower biomass production and lower resilience to droughts, as compared with convex pools. New empirical studies are needed to test these model predictions.
Substrate Specific Inhibitor Designed against the Immunomodulator GMF-beta Reversed the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Vattathara Jane Jose , Prakash Ohm , Subhramanian Sunitha , Satheeshkumar Madathiparambil Kumaran , Xavier Tessy , Anil Meenakshi , Pillai Gopal S. , Anandakuttan Anandkumar , Radhakrishnan Sureshkumar , Sivanarayanan T. B. , AKK Unni , Mohan Chethampadi Gopi , Menon Krishnakumar N. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe concept of substrate inhibition to prevent its phosphorylation has potential in drug discovery and is envisioned to treat the autoimmune disorder multiple sclerosis (MS). Glia maturation factor-β (GMF-β) Ser83 phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA) is pivotal in the activation of GMF-β-p38MAPK-NFκB biochemical pathway towards proinflammatory response induction in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Using structure-based drug design, we identified the small molecule inhibitor 1-H-indazole-4yl methanol (GMFBI.1) that specifically blocked Ser83 phosphorylation site on GMF-β substrate. Usingin vitroandin vivotechniques, molecular mechanism of action of GMFBI.1’s direct interaction with GMF-β substrate and prevention of its Ser83 phosphorylation was established. GMFBI.1 down regulated p38MAPK phosphorylation and NFκB expression essential for proinflammatory response. Further, GMFBI.1 administration at peak of EAE reversed clinical symptoms, immunopathology, proinflammatory cytokine response and up regulated the anti-inflammatory cytokines. Present strategy of substrate inhibition against the key immunomodulatory target has immense therapeutic potential in MS.
Optimization of concurrent production of xylanolytic and pectinolytic enzymes by Bacillus safensis M35 and Bacillus altitudinis J208 using agro-industrial biomass through Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Thite Vihang S. , Nerurkar Anuradha S. , Baxi Nandita N. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractApplication of crude xylanolytic and pectinolytic enzymes in diverse industrial processes make these enzymes commercially valuable and demand their production process to be cost-effective. Out of four different agrowaste biomass, wheat bran (WB) and citrus peel (CP), when amended as fermentation substrates, respectively induced the highest xylanolytic enzymes and pectinolytic enzymes from both, B. safensis M35 and B. altitudinis J208. Further, the simultaneous amendment of WB and CP yielded concurrent production of these cellulase free xylanolytic and pectinolytic enzymes. Hence, the quadratic model was developed using the Central Composite Design of Response Surface Method (CCD-RSM). The model gave the concentration values for WB and CP substrates to be amended in one single production medium for obtaining two optimized predicted response values of xylanase activity and pectinase activity units, which were further practically validated for the xylanase and pectinase production responses from the optimized production medium (OPM). These practically obtained response values from OPM were found to be in accordance with a range of 95% predicted intervals (PI) values. These observations verified the validity of the predicted quadratic model from RSM and suggested that both xylanase and pectinase enzymes can be induced concurrently from both of the bacterial strains.
Audience spontaneous entrainment during the collective enjoyment of live performances: physiological and behavioral measurements
Authors: Ardizzi Martina , Calbi Marta , Tavaglione Simona , Umiltà Maria Alessandra , Gallese Vittorio 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCardiac synchrony is a crucial component of shared experiences, considered as an objective measure of emotional processes accompanying empathic interactions. No study has investigated whether cardiac synchrony among people engaged in collective situations links to the individual emotional evaluation of the shared experience. We investigated theatrical live performances as collective experiences evoking strong emotional engagement in the audience. Cross Recurrence Quantification Analysis was applied to obtain the cardiac synchrony of twelve spectators’ quartets attending to two live acting performances. This physiological measure was then correlated with spectators’ emotional intensity ratings. Results showed an expected increment in synchrony among people belonging to the same quartet during both performances attendance and rest periods. Furthermore, participants’ cardiac synchrony was found to be correlated with audience’s convergence in the explicit emotional evaluation of the performances they attended to. These findings demonstrate that the mere co-presence of other people sharing a common experience is enough for cardiac synchrony to occur spontaneously and that it increases in function of a shared and coherent explicit emotional experience.
Gas accretion damped by dust back-reaction at the snow line
Authors: Gárate Matías , Birnstiel Til , Dra̧żkowska Joanna , Stammler Sebastian Markus 
Published: March 2020

Context. The water snow line divides dry and icy solid material in protoplanetary disks. It has been thought to significantly affect planet formation at all stages. If dry particles break up more easily than icy ones, then the snow line causes a traffic jam because small grains drift inward at lower speeds than larger pebbles.
Aims. We aim to evaluate the effect of high dust concentrations around the snow line onto the gas dynamics.
Methods. Using numerical simulations, we modeled the global radial evolution of an axisymmetric protoplanetary disk. Our model includes particle growth, the evaporation and recondensation of water, and the back-reaction of dust onto the gas. The model takes into account the vertical distribution of dust particles.
Results. We find that the dust back-reaction can stop and even reverse the net flux of gas outside the snow line, decreasing the gas accretion rate onto the star to under 50% of its initial value. At the same time, the dust accumulates at the snow line, reaching dust-to-gas ratios of ɛ ≳ 0.8, and it delivers large amounts of water vapor towards the inner disk as the icy particles cross the snowline. However, the accumulation of dust at the snow line and the decrease in the gas accretion rate only take place if the global dust-to-gas ratio is high (ε0 ≳ 0.03), the viscous turbulence is low (αν ≲ 10−3), the disk is large enough (rc ≳ 100 au), and only during the early phases of the disk evolution (t ≲ 1 Myr). Otherwise the dust back-reaction fails to perturb the gas motion.
Komorbidität von Hypoglykämieangst und Panikstörung bei einer Patientin mit Typ-1-Diabetes – Kombinationsbehandlung mit Verhaltenstherapie und kontinuierlicher Glukosemessung (CGM) in einer psychosomatischen Tagesklinik
Authors: Pontow Inga-Marlen , Theil Jan , Diefenbacher Albert 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese und klinischer Befund Eine Patientin mit T1DM, Panikstörung und Hypoglykämieangst (Diabetesdauer 4 Jahre, BMI 25,6) wurde in der Tagesklinik Psychosomatik mit einem multimodalen Behandlungsansatz behandelt. Sie berichtet von ausgeprägter Angst vor Hypoglykämie und von wiederholten Hypoglykämien. Aus Angst vor Hypoglykämien veränderte die Patientin ihr Diabetes-Selbstmanagement und erlebte damit Einschränkungen in ihrer Alltagsfunktionalität.
Untersuchung Nach Aufnahme wurde bei der Patientin kein Blutzuckerwert unter 3,7 mmol/l (70 mg/dl) gemessen, allerdings zeigten sich Symptome einer leichten Hypoglykämie schon bei Blutzuckerwerten im unteren Normbereich. HbA1c bei Aufnahme bei 54 mmol/mol, 7,1 %.
Diagnosen Diabetes mellitus Typ 1, Panikstörung und übersteigerte Angst vor Hypoglykämien.
Therapie und Verlauf Kombination aus kontinuierlicher Glukosemessung (CGM) und Beschwerdeprotokollen als Methode der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie (KVT) in Ergänzung zu einem multimodalen Akzeptanz- und Commitment-Therapie (ACT)-basierten Gruppenpsychotherapieprogramm. Dies führte zur Verbesserung der Symptomdiskrimination und zur Reduktion von Sicherheits- und Vermeidungsverhalten.
Folgerung Die Kombination von psychotherapeutischen Maßnahmen mit CGM erscheint als hilfreicher Ansatz zur Behandlung krankheitsspezifischer psychischer Störungen bei Diabetes mellitus.
Häufigkeit eines Risikos für Mangelernährung bei Patienten in onkologischen Schwerpunktpraxen – eine Querschnittserhebung
Authors: Hauner Hans , Kocsis Alexandra , Jaeckel Benjamin , Martignoni Marc , Hauner Dagmar , Holzapfel Christina 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Daten zum Ernährungsstatus von Patienten mit Tumorerkrankungen in ambulanten Einrichtungen fehlen in Deutschland. Die durchgeführte Querschnittserhebung bei Patienten mit Tumorerkrankungen hatte daher das Ziel, die Häufigkeit eines Risikos für Mangelernährung bei Tumorpatienten in onkologischen Schwerpunktpraxen zu ermitteln.
Methode Patienten mit Tumorerkrankungen wurden mittels eines standardisierten Fragebogens konsekutiv in 17 onkologischen Schwerpunktpraxen in Südbayern zwischen Juni 2017 und Mai 2018 befragt. Neben Fragen zum Gesundheitszustand und zur Ernährung wurden die validierten Screening-Fragebögen Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) und Nutritional Risk Screening Tool-2002 (NRS-2002) zur Erfassung des Risikos für Mangelernährung (primärer Endpunkt) eingesetzt. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden Datensätze von 765 Patienten (60,9 % Frauen) ausgewertet. Die Teilnehmer waren im Mittel 63,1 ± 13,1 Jahre alt, der durchschnittliche Body-Mass-Index (BMI) betrug 25,2 ± 5,1 kg/m2. Bei Anwendung des MUST-Fragebogens hatten 15,4 % der Teilnehmer ein mittleres und 19,5 % ein hohes Risiko für eine Mangelernährung. Darunter wiesen am häufigsten Patienten mit Tumoren des Verdauungssystems ein Risiko für eine Mangelernährung auf (46,6 %). Die Kriterien für ein Mangelernährungsrisiko nach dem NRS-2002-Score (≥ 3 Punkte) erfüllten hingegen 29,1 % der befragten Patienten. Weniger als ein Drittel der Tumorpatienten hatte nach Diagnosestellung eine Ernährungsberatung erhalten (29,9 %).
Schlussfolgerung Etwa jeder dritte Patient mit einer Tumorerkrankung in ambulanter Betreuung weist ein erhöhtes Risiko für eine Mangelernährung auf. Die Ergebnisse dieser Erhebung unterstreichen die Notwendigkeit für ein systematisches Screening auf Mangelernährung und ein leitliniengerechtes Ernährungsmanagement von Tumorpatienten in der ambulanten Versorgung.
Uso do ácido hialurônico exógeno no tratamento da condropatia patelar – Ensaio clínico randomizado com acompanhamento de seis meses
Authors: Astur Diego Costa , Angelini Felipe Berteli , Santos Marcelo Abdulchlek , Arliani Gustavo Gonçalves , Belangero Paulo Santoro , Cohen Moisés 
Published: March 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar os benefícios clínicos e radiológicos do uso do ácido hialurônico exógeno intra-articular para o tratamento da lesão condral da patela.
Método Ensaio clínico randomizado com 70 pacientes divididos em dois grupos: o de tratamento fisioterápico por 3 meses, e o de tratamento fisioterápico associado à aplicação de 2 ml de ácido hialurônico intra-articular pelo mesmo período, composto por pacientes com dor na região anterior do joelho e lesão de graus II ou III da cartilagem da patela, sem anormalidades ósseas significativas. Foram avaliados os escores funcionais e as características do exame físico e de imagem antes, e após 3 e 6 meses de tratamento.
Resultado A idade média dos pacientes foi de 32 ± 7,6 anos. Os pacientes do grupo submetido à aplicação de acido hialurônico apresentaram melhores escores de Kujala et al e de Lysholm, e menor pontuação de dor após 3 e 6 meses de tratamento quando comparados ao grupo controle. A manobra de Clarke positiva foi menor no grupo em que foi feita a aplicação do ácido, mas não houve diferença na classificação da imagem obtida pela ressonância magnética.
Conclusão Pacientes com condropatia patelar de graus II ou III do joelho tratados com ácido hialurônico e fisioterapia apresentaram menos dor (escala visual analógica, EVA), e melhores resultados funcionais nos questionários de Lysholm e de Kujala et al após 3 e 6 meses de tratamento quando comparados com os pacientes submetidos apenas à fisioterapia. Além disso, estes pacientes apresentaram manobra de Clarke negativa em maior número após 6 meses de tratamento.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON EFFECT OF AMBULATION AND BIRTHING BALL ON MATERNAL AND NEWBORN OUTCOME AMONG PRIMIGRAVIDA MOTHERS IN SELECTED HOSPITALS IN MANGALORE
Authors: Mathew Albin , Nayak Sabitha , K. Vandana 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe study was conducted to assess the effect of ambulation and birthing ball on the maternal and newborn outcome from 01.08.2011 to 31.10.2011. This randomized control study was conducted on 60 primigravida mothers. Purposive sampling technique was used for the selection of samples followed by random allocation of 20 samples each to the three groups namely, ambulation, birthing ball and control group respectively using lottery method. Ambulation and birthing ball therapy were given to the respective samples between cervical dilatation of 1-3cm during first stage of labour, whereas the control group was not given any intervention. Here maternal outcome includes1st stage duration (Area1), 2nd stage duration (Area2), cervical dilatation rate (Area3), and type of delivery(Area4) and newborn outcome includes heart rate, respiratory rate, colour, reflex and muscle tone. Since the t calculated value in Area 1 (5.257), Area 2 (2.781), Area 3(5.438) is greater than t table value (2.042) and in Area 4, 75% of ambulation group underwent normal vaginal delivery, it shows that there is significant improvement in maternal outcome after the use of ambulation. The t calculated value in Area 1(7.223), Area 2 (5.556), Area 3(6.178) is greater than t table value (2.030) and in Area 4, 95% of birthing ball group underwent normal vaginal delivery. It shows that there is significant improvement in maternal outcome after the use of birthing ball therapy. Comparison of ambulation and birthing ball therapy on maternal outcome showed that, there is significant difference in second stage duration (t tab 2.031(df=36)< t cal 2.231= S) and type of delivery. In this study ambulation and birthing ball were found to be effective to improve maternal outcome and there was no harm to the baby. Both the experimental group mothers expressed that they were satisfied and comfortable.
ROLE OF NITRIC OXIDE AND ARGINASE IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ORAL CANCER
Authors: Hegde Nidarsh D. , Kumari Suchetha , Hegde Mithra N. , Shetty Shilpa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aim of the present study is to evaluate the status of serum nitric oxide and arginase activity in oral cancerous condition. The study consisted of 80 individuals. The subjects were divided into normal individuals and individuals with oral cancer. Blood sample was collected from each subject and serum separated. Nitric oxide concentration was measured as total nitrates and nitrites by the Griess reaction method and arginase activity was estimated by diacetylmonoxime method.The results of this study showed significantly increased levels of nitric oxide and arginase activity in oral cancerous condition when compared to normal individuals. From the study it can be concluded that during carcinogenesis and tumor progression, the level of nitric oxide and arginase activity increases. This could result from a generalized increased nitric oxide synthesis throughout the body of the cancer patient or reflect increased nitric oxide degradation promoted by oxidative stress.
KNUCKLE-WALKING: PRELUDE TO HOMININ BIPEDALTY OR ACQUIRED MECHANISM TO PROTECT FINGERTIPS?
Authors: Kumar Arunachalam 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe exact period, cause and evolution of erect posture and bipedal gait in early hominids has subject of much debate among primatologists and anthropologists. This brief presentation proposes at least that one among the theories, knuckle-walking as a precursor to bipdality is probably debatable. In higher apes, which spend more time on foraging at terrestrial level and less as arboreal primates, knuckle walking may have evolved more as a nail and fingertip protective adaptation in apes.
BILATERAL OSSIFIED STYLOHYOID CHAIN - A CASE STUDY
Authors: H. Shivarama C. , Shivarama Bhat , K. Radhakrishna Shetty , S. Vikram , R. Avadhani 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe styloid process is a slender bony projection that arises from the inferior surface of the temporal bone just beneath the external auditory meatus and closely related to the stylomastoid foramen. The normal length of SP in an adult is considered to be 20 to 30mm however, it is very variably developed, ranging in length from a few millimetres to a few centimetres.The styloid process is developed at the cranial end of cartilage in the second visceral or hyoid arch by two centers: a proximal, for the tympanohyal, appearing before birth; the other, for the distal stylohyal, after birth. But sometimes the stylohyoid chain may form, that extends between the temporal and hyoid bones which are divided into 4 sections: tympanohyal, stylohyal, ceratohyal and hypohyal. Cartilage that is embryo logically located at the stylohyoid ligament may undergo calcification of varying degrees, which causes variations. Ossified stylohyal ligament parts may merge or leave gaps in between. The anatomy of styloid process has immense embryological, clinical, surgical importance.
PROSTHODONTIC REHABILITATION OF A PATIENT WITH ORAL SUBMUCOUS FIBROSIS AND MICROSTOMIA : A CASE REPORT
Authors: D. Anupama Prasad , D. Krishna Prasad , Hegde Chethan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis case report deals with treatment of a female patient aged 45 years with limited mouth opening due to submucous fibrosis ,who was completely edentulous and was prosthetically treated with modification of techniques for impression making and jaw relation so that a complete denture was made without sections which could be easily inserted and removed without compromising retention and esthetics.
Variation in the reflexive in Australian Kriol
Authors: Dickson Greg , Durantin Gautier 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWith 20,000 speakers across Northern Australia, Australian Kriol is well known to exhibit geographic variation but this has never been systematically studied. This article stems from the first dialectological study of Kriol, focusing on the eastern portion of the Kriol-speaking area. It analyses variation in forms of the Kriol reflexive, which is derived from the English form ‘myself/meself’ but is invariant for person and number. The analysis utilises random forests modelling to analyse the importance of factors, a new method available to variation studies that is particularly useful when applied to small languages with small datasets. With geography confirmed as the major factor accounting for variation, areal patterns showing variation in lexical form of the reflexive, the medial consonant, the final vowel and the final consonant are considered. This study also documents new variants of the Kriol reflexive and incorporates perceptual dialectology, combining to better inform classifications of Kriol dialects.