bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Galactic cosmic ray propagation models using Picard
Authors: Kissmann R. , Thaler J. , Reimer O. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We will give an overview of recent developments in numerical modelling of CR transport in our Galaxy with the PICARD code. Corresponding numerical models aim at reproducing CR spectra and also diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Galaxy by solving the cosmic-ray transport problem in a three-dimensional model of the Galaxy. We address the impact of different transport physics processes on the flux and distribution of diffuse Galactic gamma rays: we investigate CR transport using different cosmic-ray source distribution models ranging from smooth source distributions to localised sources related to high-energy gamma-ray observations. Additionally, we consider anisotropic cosmic-ray diffusion in an improved Galactic magnetic field model. The choice of changing the different transport parameters is most readily visible in the inverse-Compton channel, which shows features not present in commonly-used axisymmetric transport models.
Investigation of the 2016 Eurasia heat wave as an event of the recent warming
Authors: Seo Eunkyo , Lee Myong-In , Schubert Siegfried D , Koster Randal D , Kang Hyun-Suk 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study investigates the physical mechanisms that contributed to the 2016 Eurasian heat wave during boreal summer season (July–August, JA), characterized by much higher than normal temperatures over eastern Europe, East Asia, and the Kamchatka Peninsula. It is found that the 2016 JA mean surface air temperature, upper-tropospheric height, and soil moisture anomalies are characterized by a tri-pole pattern over the Eurasia continent and a wave train-like structure not dissimilar to recent (1980–2016) trends in those quantities. A series of forecast experiments designed to isolate the impacts of the land, ocean, and sea ice conditions on the development of the heat wave is carried out with the Global Seasonal Forecast System version 5. The results suggest that the tri-pole blocking pattern over Eurasia, which appears to be instrumental in the development of the 2016 summer heat wave, can be viewed as an expression of the recent trends, amplified by record-breaking oceanic warming and internal land-atmosphere interactions.
Global greenness in relation to reducing the burden of cardiovascular diseases: ischemic heart disease and stroke
Authors: Asri Aji Kusumaning , Yu Chia-Pin , Pan Wen-Chi , Guo Yue Leon , Su Huey-Jen , Lung Shih-Chun Candice , Wu Chih-Da , Spengler John D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This ecological study aimed to identify the association between greenness and cardiovascular diseases in terms of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke in 183 countries worldwide. The country-level disability-adjusted life year (DALY) database provided by the WHO was used to represent the health burden due to IHD and stroke for the study countries. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI—MOD13A3) was assessed to estimate the greenness in each country. After considering potential covariates, the generalized linear mixed model penalized quasi-likelihood coupled with a sensitivity test was applied to identify the greenness in relation to DALY loss due to IHD and stroke. Stratified analysis was then conducted to determine the effects of greenness among the different levels of gender, age, and economic status. A consistently significant negative association was found between greenness and both IHD and stroke; the NDVI coefficients of the main model were −11.245 (95% CI: −16.770, −5.720) and −4.387 (95% CI:−7.926, −0.085), respectively, in the DALY changes based on the increase of NDVI from 0 to 1. The stratified analysis recognized these effects in both females and males. Negative associations between greenness and IHD as well as stroke were also found in various age groups and were confirmed as significant in low and middle-income countries.
Dynamic behaviour of reinforced soil retaining wall under horizontal seismic loading
Authors: Li Sihan , Cai Xiaoguang , Xu Honglu , Jing Liping , Huang Xin , Zhu Chen 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Based on the status that the reinforced soil retaining wall (RSRW) is difficult to popularize in highway in high earthquake intensity region of China. The dynamic behavior of modular-block RSRW was investigated by large-scale shaking table tests. The standard soil was taken as the backfill. The concrete blocks were selected as panel. The geogrid was reinforcement. The failure mode of the wall was observed, and dynamic response and the displacements were measured. The results showed that, the middle of retaining wall panel was slightly bulged under the inputted earthquake motion, the mortar on the surface of wall was breaking down. When the input motion was WL2.0g (model scale: 1/2), the blocks at the top fell down, then the retaining wall was destroyed. The settlements of the soil and lateral displacement of the wall increased with the increase of the acceleration motion. The acceleration amplification factor is decreased with the increase of input acceleration. When the input acceleration was larger than 0.8g, the acceleration amplification factor of upper wall gradually is decreased less than 1. When model scale and inputting earthquake motion is different, the range of acceleration amplification factor is different. Shaking table tests results of RSRW with different panel forms and reinforced materials are summarized. The results show that seismic behaviour of RSRW is excellent. It is advise to revise some items of “Chinese Specification of Seismic Design for Highway Engineering” in order to promote the application of RSRW in highway.
Establish a plateau aviation search and rescue system Improving the ability of civil aviation to search and rescue lost-aircraft in plateau and mountain areas
Authors: Pan Weijun , Chen Li , Zhang Hengheng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In view of the current lack of a mature plateau aviation search and rescue system both in China and internationally, this paper summarizes the existing organizational system and rescue equipment of China’s plateau search and rescue aircraft through the analysis of typical aircraft out-of-connection incidents occurring in helicopters operating in the plateau in western China. And major issues such as personnel and materials, from institutional mechanisms to specific fleet construction, equipment personnel and materials construction, service assurance and safety culture construction, etc., suggestions were made to improve the ability of civil aviation to search and rescue missing aircraft in high mountain areas.
Flood season partition and flood limit water level determination for cascade reservoirs downstream jinshajiang river
Authors: Ju Bin , Yu Yucong , Zhang Fahong , Lei Xiaohui , You Fenghua 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The internal contradiction between flood risk and power generation benefit can be alleviated by studying the flood season and flood limit level of reservoir.It is of great significance to adjust the floodwater storage in flood season. In this paper, based on the normal distribution theory improved fuzzy set analysis method, according to the inflow flood of cascade reservoirs downstream Jinshajiang River, the flood season is divided into stages. The flood limit water level of cascade reservoir is determined by the mapping relationship between subordinate degree and flood control storage capacity.A intertemporal sampling method is proposed to correct the staging results and flood limit water level. The research results show that the end of the pre-flood season of cascade reservoirs downstream Jinshajiang River is July 15, and the beginning of the post-flood season is September 16, and the reasonable flood limit water levels of the four reservoirs from upstream to downstream are 962m, 800m, 575m and 374m respectively. The rationality of the stage flood limit water level is tested by the flood process with different typical flood magnification. The results of the lower stages of the Jinshajiang River and the stage water level of each reservoir can improve the economic benefits such as reservoir power generation and improve the utilization ratio of flood resources in flood season to a certain extent.
Analysis of movable fluid distribution in a clastic rock reservoir using nuclear magnetic resonance and computed tomography
Authors: Yu Hongwei , Zhou Daiyu , Li Shi , Cheng Hui , Chen Xinglong , Han Haishui , Wang Fuyong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Studying influence factors of movable fluid distribution is of significance for the development of clastic reservoirs. In this paper, the characteristics of movable fluid distribution in clastic core samples from Tarim Oilfield were studied with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tests and computed tomography (CT) scanning. The movable fluid saturations of each core sample under centrifugal pressure of 3 psi, 10 psi, 50 psi, 100 psi, and 500 psi were measured, respectively. The main factors influencing the movable fluid saturation were analysed. The results show that the movable water saturation is strongly dependent on the centrifugal pressure used. When the centrifugal pressure increased to 100 psi, the movable fluid saturation increased sharply. The CT scanning indicates that the movable fluid saturation is mainly dominated by pore sizes of core samples, and the larger the average pore size is, the higher the fluid saturation will be.
Analysis on water-inrush the process of deep excavation in karst area caused by soil internal erosion
Authors: Chen Juyan , Zhu Bin , Wei Zhuan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Non-negligible internal erosion threatens deep foundation pit excavation safety and stability. A water-inrush incident in Guilin city, a typical karst area, is thoroughly analysed theoretically after revealing groundwater seepage effects on hydraulic conductivity, internal erosion degree and water-flooding probability. The distribution characteristics of the main granular soils at the site are examined. Internal erosion by suffusion of readily erodible gap-graded soil, widely distributed in situ, is specifically studied. The hydraulic conductivity of soil can be determined by the internal erosion extent, S (%), directly calculated by the effective particle size. Comparing the influences of different parameters on permeability, it is found that the formula with uniform coefficient Cu
is more practical, because it is more applicable in gap-graded soil with a wide range of hydraulic conductivity, such as the permeability coefficient range of 10−6 to 101
cm/s. The permeability coefficient-based relationship between seepage velocity and hydraulic gradient is determined. By establishing and implementing a numerical model, the pore-pressure history in each excavation phase reveals that the pore pressure notably increases during excavation, especially in areas adjacent to ancient collapse bodies. Seepage flow driven by excess pore pressure potentially generates a penetrating flow upward through the overlaying soil, possibly triggering a water-inrush incident at a maximum seepage velocity of 8.0×10−1
cm/s. Several suggestions are proposed to prevent water-inrush incidents during deep foundation pit excavation in similar geological setting areas.
Optimal application of multi-agent environmental decisionmaking model in the replication and relocation of traditional villages in areas prone to geological hazards—taking wengcao village, a traditional village in Guzhang county, western Hunan as an example
Authors: Nie Changhong , Tang Yuanqiang , Ou Sanren , Chen Yuxiang , Tang Yuanxing , Long Shaoqiu , Zhang Li , Feng Xiangzhong , Jiao Sheng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Wengcao Village, listed in the fourth batch of traditional villages in China, is a remote Miao village which built in a landslide-prone risk, and always at the risk of geological hazard-prone area. In order to solve the contradiction between the protection of traditional villages and the economic development of traditional villages, on the basis of environmental behavior, spatial behavior and complex theory, the author combined with the investigation. For the first time, a four-dimensional collaboration model of expert supervision, enterprise leadership, government guidance, and public participation was creatively proposed to ensure the replication and relocation of traditional villages. Aim to ensure the smooth progress of the replication and construction of traditional villages, the current popular neural network prediction model and reinforcement learning multi-agent model are combined to build a replication and construction decision model and its optimize to avoid possible future risks.
Research on optimal control of low power thermal plasma field for waste gas treatment
Authors: Xu Congyu , Xu Jun , Hu Zongjiu , Yang Yaru , Gao Yuting 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The innocuous treatment of solid waste, waste gas and other pollutants has become a major environmental protection problem that needs to be solved urgently in China’s green development. Aiming at the problems of low efficiency and secondary pollution of traditional waste gas treatment methods, the use of high temperature generated by thermal plasma and active particles to quickly decompose and destroy pollutants and eventually form stable harmless substances has proven to be an effective way. This article studies a method that can stably generate thermal plasma in a low-voltage. By adding an auxiliary high-voltage electrode to the front end of a hot plasma sliding arc, it helps the thermal plasma device to more easily penetrate the air for arcing. By using a flow meter and a fan to change the flow field of channel. The arcing conditions of the device under different flow fields was investigated. And by studying the influence of input power and air flow velocity on the arc length and period of the arc, the contact situation between the thermal plasma arc and the gas is obtained. The experimental results show that a stable and appropriate flow field environment is the key to the efficient work of thermal plasma.
Research on two methods of atmospheric environmental impact assessment a case study of lead zinc smelter
Authors: Li Li , Yu Miao , Lin Xingjie , Chu jingling 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Two methods of atmospheric environmental impact assessment for enterprises were discussed in this paper. One was the pollutant contribution rate assessment based on regional maximum value point and sensitive sites, the other was the global pollutant contribution rate assessment method based on all grids in the region. The emission contributions to the atmospheric SO2 concentrations from the lead zinc smelting enterprise were simulated by AERMOD using 100m scale grids within 25 square kilometres in 2018. The results showed that the change of environmental benefits caused by the increase of chimney height presented different trends by using the two assessment method, and the regional assessment method was disturbed by the terrain factor. The further research should be doing in order to reflect the pollution diffusion of emission contributions better.
QSPR studies on the blood-air partition coefficient of volatile organic compounds using theoretical descriptors derived from electrostatic potentials on molecular surface
Authors: Wang Wei , Xu Huiying 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a sort of important environmental pollutant. Based on study on Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR), geometrical optimization and electrostatic potential calculations have been performed for 143 VOC molecules at the HF/6-31G* level of theory. A number of statistically-based parameters have been obtained. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) nonlinear regression are used for the model building. The result shows that the BP-ANN can better expresses the relation between molecule surface electrostatic potential and blood-air partition coefficient than MLR, and the QSPR model established has comparatively stronger stability and predictive ability using BP-ANN method. The result also proves the applicability of molecule surface electrostatic potential parameter in QSPR study of Volatile organic chemical.
Comparison of different calibration algorithms for the medium resolution spectral imager in infrared band
Authors: Ai Jingjing , Jing Jian , Gao Peng , Fang Li 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
As a key payload on the Fengyun-3C (FY-3C) polarorbit meteorological satellite, the medium resolution spectral imager (MERSI) is installed to provide the global coverage of top-of-atmosphere radiances. In order to ensure the on-orbit radiometric data quality of the MERSI, the modified calibration equation for the thermal infrared channel can be obtained by the blackbody (BB) and deep space view (SV). Different calibration algorithms are investigated to obtain the time series of the calibration coefficients a
0, a
1 and a
2, and the accuracy of the radiometric calibration is evaluated by comparing the BB irradiance calculated by those calibration coefficients and the standard BB irradiance, whose irradiance differences are within the order of 10−4 W/m2/μm/sr. Moreover, the differences of the BB inversed and equivalent temperatures by different algorithms show a similar behavior, whose values changing from 0.26 K to 0.28 K. These works provide important information for tracking the instrument performance along with the quantitative remote sensing application.
Deep convolutional neural network structure design for remote sensing image scene classification based on transfer learning
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxia , Guo Yong , Zhang Xia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
To obtain an ideal scene classification effect when applying a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) to remote sensing images, a DCNN named ConNet-3F based on transfer learning was constructed. Firstly, the initial 13 layers of VGG16 were used as the main architecture, and then 6 layers were added to the end of it to extract deeper features. The pruned model of VGG16 acted as the feature extractor to extract features from remote sensing images. Subsequently, the parameters trained on the ImageNet were set as initialization. Finally, parameters of all layers were trained on the remote sensing data to obtain the favorable model. The results on the Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition (MSTAR) dataset demonstrate that this method achieves higher classification accuracy compared with other mentioned methods. Especially, even if the ratio of training data was reduced on the NWPU-RESISC45 dataset, classification accuracies of the proposed method always stay above 90%.
Study on the spatial distribution characteristics and spatial symbiosis of living supermarkets based on GIS
Authors: Ye Sheng , He Zong , Li Jing , Chen Yang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
By using the POI data of Gaode, we screened out the life supermarket system, and studied the spatial distribution characteristics of life supermarket system and its spatial symbiosis with the surrounding residential areas. The analysis found that: ① The spatial distribution pattern of Chongqing’s main city supermarkets is consistent with the "multi-center group" urban structure. The development of supermarkets in the main urban area presents the "Matthew Effect", and it still faces several major business districts within the inner ring and its surroundings. Centralized, another university town relies on stable student group demand, showing a new growth direction; ② Convenience stores have relatively homogeneous cluster characteristics, are mainly developed on more mature commercial areas, and have achieved rapid growth in recent years increased by 1.2 times; ③ The overall distribution of imported merchandise stores in the main urban area is small clusters, and the concentration degree in the GuanYinqiao area is the most prominent. Compared with other types, the concentration degree is higher in the Haier Road area near the bonded port area; ④ Living areas with a high degree of compounding of the living supermarket system around the community are mainly distributed within the inner ring and have a high degree of spatial fit with the major business districts. Outside the inner ring, they are mainly distributed in the north of Beibei City, Beibei Old City, Yudong- and Lianglu.
Estimating aboveground biomass of urban trees by high resolution remote sensing image: a case study in Hengqin, Zhuhai, China
Authors: Bai Linze , Shu Yuxuan , Guo Yongxuan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Aboveground biomass of trees is the weight of organic matter per unit area of trees. The monitoring and evaluation of aboveground biomass of urban trees is helpful to the construction of garden city. With the development of urbanization and the Continuous urban ecological research, the aboveground biomass of urban trees is getting more important for the study of urban carbon cycle and the construction of ecological city. High resolution remote sensing image, which overcomes the time-consuming and labor-consuming drawbacks of traditional methods, is a data source for estimating the aboveground biomass. In this paper, taking Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, China as an example, we use the method of object-oriented classification of Worldwire-03 data to extract Hengqin tree area, and analyze 15 feature parameters in remote sensing images including vegetation indexes and texture features. Combined with field measurement and aboveground biomass computation, we set up Geographical Weighted Regression (GWR) model and Random Forest (RF) model for regression. Finally we estimate and discuss the aboveground biomass of trees in Hengqin.
Research and application of solid waste dumping calculation method in criminal cases of environmental pollution caused by illegal dumping of solid waste based on Arcgis
Authors: Ma Ruofan , Cai Bin , Tan Xiao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The determination of the amount of solid waste dumping is one of the important links in handling of criminal cases of environmental pollution of illegal dumping of solid waste, and one of the important basis for sentencing of the crime of environmental pollution. This article is based on ArcGIS technology, referring to the commonly used visualization method of earthwork calculation, taking a criminal case of environmental pollution of illegal dumping of solid waste as an example, an irregular triangulation network (TIN) is used to establish a digital elevation model (DEM) of solid waste piles, in order to discuss the application of ArcGIS in the establishment of solid waste heap model, and calculate the amount of solid waste dumping. The results show that using ArcGIS to build a solid waste heap model and calculate the solid waste dumping principle is simple, fast, and can achieve three-dimensional visualization, which is feasible.
Time series analysis of the shadow-eliminated vegetation index (SEVI) and patch density index for the Wuyishan Nature Reserve
Authors: Jiang Hong , Zhou Nian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In order to study the vegetation growth changing in the Wuyishan Nature Reserve, the recently proposed shadow-eliminated vegetation index (SEVI) and patch density (PD) were used to evaluate the inter-annual variability of the vegetation growth in the Reserve during 2000-2019. The resultant normalized SEVI sequence eliminated the terrain shadow effect shows an increasing trend overall during 2000-2019. Meanwhile, the series of PD show a decreasing trend with two significant different mean levels of 40.67/km2 during 2000-2011 and 18.69/km2 during 2012-2019. The SEVI and PD had an overall negative correlation with coefficient of determination r
2 = 0.53. The result suggests that the promotion of ecology civilization may contribute to the protection and growth of the nature reserve vegetation.