bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a three‐dimensional printed model for training of surgical extraction of supernumerary teeth
Authors: Chae Yong Kwon , Lee Hyeonjong , Jih Myeong Kwan , Lee Hyo‐Seol , Lee Jung‐Woo , Kim Su‐Hwan , Kim Gyu‐Tae , Choi Sung Chul , Nam Ok Hyung 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionThis study aimed to validate a three‐dimensional (3D) printed model to provide training for supernumerary teeth (SNTs) extraction.Materials and MethodsEach of the 30 participants, grouped as experienced and without experience, conducted two identically simulated surgeries on a 3D‐printed replica of human mixed dentition with a SNT. The surgery time, area of bony window and volume of removed material were measured; subsequently, responses to a five‐item questionnaire were recorded. The collected data were statistically analysed.ResultsThe surgery time was 228.37 ± 141.53 seconds and 125.47 ± 53.03 seconds in the first and second surgery, respectively. The training significantly decreased the surgery time in the participants without experience (P = .000). However, there were no significant differences in the area of window opening (P = .271) and volume of removed material between the two surgeries (P = .075). The participants who perceived educational benefits accounted for more than 60% of the respondents for every question. Participants without experience in SNT extraction showed a tendency to rate a higher score than did those with experience.ConclusionsA 3D‐printed model for surgical extraction of a SNT can improve surgical skill and, especially, shorten the learning curve in beginners.
Impact of the COVID‐19 outbreak on acute stroke pathways – insights from the Alsace region in France
Authors: Pop R. , Quenardelle V. , Hasiu A. , Mihoc D. , Sellal F. , Dugay M. H. , Lebedinsky P. A. , Schluck E. , LA Porta A. , Courtois S. , Gheoca R. , Wolff V. , Beaujeux R. 
Published: May 2020

Background and purposeTo date, no study has attempted to quantify the impact of the COVID‐19 outbreak on the incidence and treatment of acute stroke.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of acute stroke pathway parameters in all three stroke units in the Alsace region during the first month of the outbreak (1–31 March 2020), using the similar period from 2019 as a comparator. A secondary detailed analysis of all stroke alerts and stroke unit admissions was performed in the centre with the largest case volume.ResultsCompared to the same period in 2019, in March 2020 there were 39.6% fewer stroke alerts and 33.3% fewer acute revascularization treatments [40.9% less intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and 27.6% less mechanical thrombectomy (MT)]. No marked variation was observed in the number of stroke unit admissions (−0.6%). The proportion of patients with acute revascularization treatments (IVT or MT) out of the total number of stroke unit admissions was significantly lower in March 2020 (21.3%) compared to 2019 (31.8%), P = 0.034. There were no significant differences in time delays or severity of clinical symptoms for patients treated by IVT or MT, nor in the distribution of final diagnosis amongst stroke alerts and stroke unit admissions.ConclusionThese results suggest that the overall incidence of stroke remained the same, but fewer patients presented within the therapeutic time window. Increased public awareness and corrective measures are needed to mitigate the deleterious effects of the COVID‐19 outbreak on acute stroke care.
Pregnancy outcome in Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease: results of the CMT‐NET cohort study in Germany
Authors: Rudnik‐Schöneborn S. , Thiele S. , Walter M. C. , Reinecke L. , Sereda M. , Schöneborn R. , Elbracht M. 
Published: May 2020

Background and purposeSystematic research on the effect of Charcot–Marie–Tooth (CMT) disease on the outcome of pregnancy and conversely the effect of pregnancy on neuropathy is still sparse.MethodsA clinical cohort study and cross‐sectional study within the German CMT‐NET was conducted between 2016 and 2019. Inclusion criteria were a confirmed diagnosis of CMT and at least one completed pregnancy after 1990. All participants agreed to fill in questionnaires and have their medical files reviewed.ResultsThe study group comprised 54 women with a total of 98 pregnancies. The mean age at onset of CMT disease was 12.6 years (range 0–37 years). Fifty (92%) patients had autosomal dominant CMT; two patients each (4%) had X‐linked and autosomal recessive CMT. Forty patients (74%) had a PMP22 gene duplication (CMT1A). Obstetric complications did not differ significantly from a German reference population, neither in the whole group nor in the CMT1A group. Overall there was no increased newborn morbidity and mortality. About one‐third of patients reported exacerbation of CMT disease in or after pregnancy. No adverse effects of anaesthesia were reported. Most participants stressed a positive attitude and awareness of challenges associated with pregnancy. Important issues were assistance and support in caring for the family.DiscussionIn line with findings from our previous study undertaken in the 1990s, there were no increased complication rates for pregnancy and delivery. These results are reassuring for the vast majority of CMT patients and are important for family planning and clinical care.
Program of Active Consumer Engagement in Self‐Management in Epilepsy: Replication and extension of a self‐management randomized controlled trial
Authors: Johnson Erica K. , Fraser Robert T. , Lashley Steven , Barber Jason , Brandling‐Bennett Erica M. , Vossler David G. , Miller John W. , Caylor Lisa , Warheit‐Niemi Tessala 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe Program of Active Consumer Engagement in Self‐Management in Epilepsy (PACES) is an evidenced‐based self‐management intervention for adults with epilepsy. Prior randomized controlled trial (RCT) data show that PACES reduces depression and improves self‐management, self‐efficacy, and quality of life for 6 months postprogram. The objective of this study was to replicate a PACES RCT with key extensions: more diverse patient pool from community‐based epilepsy centers; option for telephone‐based participation; and longer follow‐up (12 months with booster support for intervention group), to examine duration of impact and inform dissemination and implementation.MethodsParticipants were adults with chronic epilepsy (n = 101) without serious mental illness or substantive intellectual impairment, recruited from three epilepsy centers. Participants were randomly assigned to intervention or waitlist control groups. Outcomes included the Epilepsy Self‐Management Scale (ESMS), Epilepsy Self‐Efficacy Scale (ESES), Quality of Life in Epilepsy‐31, Patient Health Questionnaire‐9, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7, administered at baseline, postintervention (8 weeks), and 6 and 12 months postintervention. Intervention was an 8‐week group of five to eight adults co‐led by a psychologist and trained peer with epilepsy that met once per week by teleconference or in person at a hospital for 60‐75 minutes. Topics included medical, psychosocial, cognitive, and self‐management aspects of epilepsy, as well as community integration and epilepsy‐related communication. Treatment group provided program evaluation.ResultsPACES participants (n = 49) improved relative to controls (n = 52) on the ESES (P < .022) and overall distress composite (P = .008). At 6 months, PACES participants remained improved on the ESES (P = .008) and composite (P = .001), and were improved on the ESMS (P = .005). At 12 months, PACES participants remained improved on the ESMS (P = .006) and were improved on an overall distress composite of combined measures (P = .018). Attrition was low (<6% in each group), and all program satisfaction ratings exceeded 4.0/5.0.SignificanceA consumer‐generated epilepsy self‐management program with broad psychosocial and medical emphasis can be effectively delivered by telephone or in person and facilitates long‐term epilepsy self‐management, adjustment, and coping up to 1 year after treatment.
Increased soil release of greenhouse gases shrinks terrestrial carbon uptake enhancement under warming
Authors: Liu Shuwei , Zheng Yajing , Ma Ruoya , Yu Kai , Han Zhaoqiang , Xiao Shuqi , Li Zhaofu , Wu Shuang , Li Shuqing , Wang Jinyang , Luo Yiqi , Zou Jianwen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWarming can accelerate the decomposition of soil organic matter and stimulate the release of soil greenhouse gases (GHGs), but to what extent soil release of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) may contribute to soil C loss for driving climate change under warming remains unresolved. By synthesizing 1,845 measurements from 164 peer‐reviewed publications, we show that around 1.5°C (1.16–2.01°C) of experimental warming significantly stimulates soil respiration by 12.9%, N2O emissions by 35.2%, CH4 emissions by 23.4% from rice paddies, and by 37.5% from natural wetlands. Rising temperature increases CH4 uptake of upland soils by 13.8%. Warming‐enhanced emission of soil CH4 and N2O corresponds to an overall source strength of 1.19, 1.84, and 3.12 Pg CO2‐equivalent/year under 1°C, 1.5°C, and 2°C warming scenarios, respectively, interacting with soil C loss of 1.60 Pg CO2/year in terms of contribution to climate change. The warming‐induced rise in soil CH4 and N2O emissions (1.84 Pg CO2‐equivalent/year) could reduce mitigation potential of terrestrial net ecosystem production by 8.3% (NEP, 22.25 Pg CO2/year) under warming. Soil respiration and CH4 release are intensified following the mean warming threshold of 1.5°C scenario, as compared to soil CH4 uptake and N2O release with a reduced and less positive response, respectively. Soil C loss increases to a larger extent under soil warming than under canopy air warming. Warming‐raised emission of soil GHG increases with the intensity of temperature rise but decreases with the extension of experimental duration. This synthesis takes the lead to quantify the ecosystem C and N cycling in response to warming and advances our capacity to predict terrestrial feedback to climate change under projected warming scenarios.
Differential expression of microRNA in serum fractions and association of Argonaute 1 microRNAs with heart failure
Authors: Meiri Eti , Volinsky Natalia , Dromi Nir , Kredo‐Russo Sharon , Benjamin Hila , Tabak Sarit , Marmor Hagai , Motin Maria , Lebanony Danit , Lithwick‐Yanai Gila , Kadosh Etti , Kreader Carol , Grosman‐Rimon Liza , Amir Offer 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe serum or plasma microRNA (miRNA) molecules have been suggested as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, in various pathological conditions. However, these molecules are also found in different serum fractions, such as exosomes and Argonaute (Ago) protein complexes. Ago1 is the predominant Ago protein expressed in heart tissue. The objective of the study was to examine the hypothesis that Ago1‐associated miRNAs may be more relevant to cardiac disease and heart failure compared with the serum. In total, 84 miRNA molecules were screened for their expression in the whole serum, exosomes and Ago1, and Ago2 complexes. Ago1‐bound miR‐222‐3p, miR‐497‐5p and miR‐21‐5p were significantly higher, and let‐7a‐5p was significantly lower in HF patients compared with healthy controls, whereas no such difference was observed for those markers in the serum samples among the groups. A combination of these 4 miRNAs into an Ago1‐HF score provided a ROC curve with an AUC of 1, demonstrating clear discrimination between heart failure patients and healthy individuals. Ago1 fraction might be a better and more specific platform for identifying HF‐related miRNAs compared with the whole serum.
Cigarette smoking and risk of rosacea: a nationwide population‐based cohort study
Authors: Dai Y.‐X. , Yeh F.‐Y. , Chou Y.‐J. , Chang Y.‐T. , Chen T.‐J. , Li C.‐P. , Wu C.‐Y. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundMost evidence regarding the relationship between cigarette smoking and risk of rosacea is obtained from cross‐sectional or case–control studies.ObjectiveTo examine the association between smoking and risk of developing rosacea.MethodsParticipants were collected from four rounds (2001, 2005, 2009 and 2013) of the Taiwan National Health Interview Survey. Incident cases of rosacea were identified from the National Health Insurance database. Cox proportional hazard model was used for the analyses.ResultsOf the 59 973 participants, 379 developed rosacea during a mean follow‐up of 10.8 years. After adjustment for potential confounders, current smokers had a lower risk of rosacea than never smokers [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.60; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.39–0.92]. An increase in smoking intensity was associated with a decreased risk of rosacea among current smokers (Ptrend = 0.0101). Compared with never smokers, current smokers of >15 cigarettes/day had an aHR of 0.51 (95% CI: 0.26–0.99) for rosacea. For incident rosacea, the aHRs (95% CIs) of current smokers of ≤10 years of smoking and ≤10 pack‐years of smoking were 0.44 (0.22–0.88) and 0.51 (0.29–0.89), respectively. Former smoking was not associated with rosacea risk.ConclusionCurrent smoking was significantly associated with a decreased risk of rosacea.
Sclerodermiform basal cell carcinomas vs. other histotypes: analysis of specific demographic, clinical and dermatoscopic features
Authors: Conforti C. , Pizzichetta M.A. , Vichi S. , Toffolutti F. , Serraino D. , Di Meo N. , Giuffrida R. , Deinlein T. , Giacomel J. , Rosendahl C. , Gourhant J.Y. , Zalaudek I. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAmong the various types of basal cell carcinoma, the sclerodermiform variant has a high risk of recurrence and local invasiveness. A systematic description of the dermatoscopic features associated with specific body localization is lacking.ObjectivesTo describe the clinical and dermoscopic features of sclerodermiform basal cell carcinoma (BCC) according to localization in the body confronting with superficial and nodular types.MethodsClinical and dermoscopic images of sclerodermiform, nodular and superficial BCCs were retrospectively evaluated to study the location in the various body districts, maximum diameter, clinical appearance of the lesion, features of edges and presence or absence of specific dermatoscopic criteria of BCCs.ResultsWe examined 291 histopathologically proven BCCs showing that in nodular BCCs, classical arborizing vessels were more frequently found in the body macro‐area (trunk and limbs; n = 46, 97.9%) than in the head/neck area (n = 43, 82.7%); within sclerodermiform BCCs, short arborizing vessels were found more frequently in the head/neck district (n = 35, 49.3%) than in the body (n = 6, 23.1%; P‐value 0.02); within nodular BCCs, multiple blue‐grey dots and globules were more frequently found on the trunk (n = 23, 48.9%) than in the head/neck district (n = 12, 23.1%; P‐value 0.01). In sclerodermiform BCCs, ulceration was found more frequently in the head/neck district (n = 38, 53.5%) than in the body (n = 4, 15.4%; P‐value > 0.01), and in superficial BCCs, ulceration was found more frequently in the head/neck district (n = 5, 38.5%) than in the body (n = 8, 9.8%; P‐value 0.02).ConclusionOur study shows that superficial BCC are found frequently in the head/neck district dermoscopically characterized by ulceration and arborizing vessels; nodular BCCs are more frequently found in the body than in the head/neck district, and the dermoscopic pattern is characterized by the combination of three features: (i) classical arborizing vessels, (ii) multiple blue‐grey dots and (iii) globules. Instead, sclerodermiform BCC is preferentially located in areas at high–moderate risk of recurrence; if pink‐white areas and/or fine arborizing vessels are seen, clinicians should consider this diagnosis. Furthermore, location‐specific dermatoscopic criteria have been described.
Common dolphinfish, Coryphaena hippurus, spawn at their easternmost Atlantic range adjacent to the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Medina Antonio , Abascal Francisco J. , Varela José L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study provides sound evidence of the spawning activity of common dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) in the Gulf of Cadiz (southwest Spain) during summer months. Along with waters off Côte d'Ivoire, this area adjacent to the Mediterranean Sea is the easternmost Atlantic spawning ground documented for the species. All the fish analysed (5 males and 15 females) were at spawning stage, except the smallest female (61.5 cm in fork length), which might not have yet reached sexual maturation. The oceanographic conditions during the samplings were similar to those occurring during the peak spawning season in the Gulf of Mexico. The study results are consistent with recent genetic studies indicating differentiation between Mediterranean and Atlantic dolphinfish populations, with the Strait of Gibraltar representing a boundary between two distinct reproductive units. The present results may contribute to improve the understanding of the dynamics of dolphinfish population and the management of eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean stocks.
Inhibitory control in zebrafish, Danio rerio
Authors: Lucon‐Xiccato Tyrone , Bertolucci Cristiano 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe assessed whether zebrafish, Danio rerio, display inhibitory control using a simple and rapid behavioural test. Zebrafish were exposed to a prey stimulus placed inside a transparent tube, which initially elicited attack behaviour. However, zebrafish showed a rapid reduction in the number of attacks towards the prey, which indicated the ability to inhibit their foraging behaviour. Zebrafish also exhibited mnemonic retention of foraging inhibition, as indicated by a reduced number of attacks in a subsequent exposure to the unreachable prey. The ability to inhibit the foraging behaviour varied across three genetically separated wild‐type strains and across different individuals within strains, suggesting that zebrafish show heritable within‐species differences in inhibitory control. Our behavioural test might be suitable for screening large zebrafish populations in mutational studies and assessing the effects of pharmacologically active substances on inhibitory control.
Sensory processing profiles and autistic symptoms as predictive factors in autism spectrum disorder and Williams syndrome
Authors: Glod M. , Riby D. M. , Rodgers J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundUnusual sensory responses were included in the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet they are also common among individuals with other neurodevelopmental disorders, including Williams syndrome (WS). Cross‐syndrome comparisons of sensory atypicalities and the evaluation of their syndrome specificity however have rarely been undertaken. We aimed to (1) examine and compare the sensory profiles in ASD and WS groups and (2) investigate whether autistic symptoms, including sensory processing scores, can predict a group membership.MethodsParents of 26 children with ASD and intellectual disability, 30 parents of children with ASD (no intellectual disability) and 26 with WS aged between 4 and 16 years were recruited. Parents completed the Sensory Profile to provide information about their children's sensory experiences and the Social Responsiveness Scale – Second Edition (SRS‐2) to assess the degree of social impairment in their children.ResultsNo significant differences were found in sensory processing scores between the three groups. Binary logistic regression analyses were undertaken with sensory quadrants and SRS‐2 total score as factors. Models significantly predicted group membership, with Low Registration, Sensory Sensitivity and SRS‐2 total score being significant predictors.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that high rates of sensory atypicalities are a common neurodevelopmental characteristic that do not reliably distinguish between WS and ASD groups. Low Registration and Sensory Sensitivity‐related behaviours might, however, be more specific to ASD. Further work is needed to explore what behaviours within sensory profiles can discriminate between neurodevelopmental disorders and should be included in diagnostic classifications.
Indigenous community members' views on silver diamine fluoride to manage early childhood caries
Authors: Kyoon‐Achan Grace , Schroth Robert J. , DeMaré Daniella , Sturym Melina , Edwards Jeannette , Lavoie Josée G. , Sanguins Julianne , Campbell Rhonda , Chartrand Frances , Bertone Mary F. , Singh Sarbjeet , Moffatt Michael E. K. ,   the Scaling‐up Healthy Smile Happy Child team
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesEarly childhood caries (ECC) continues to be the leading reason for pediatric dental surgery in Canada and is particularly prevalent among Indigenous children. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) offers an alternative method to manage non‐restoratively caries. It is important to determine Indigenous communities' views on and receptivity toward SDF.AimTo understand Indigenous community members' views on pediatric dental surgery to treat ECC under general anesthesia (GA) and receptivity to SDF as an alternative to restorative surgery.MethodsFocus groups and sharing circles congruent with an Indigenous ways of gathering information were conducted. Three interviewers engaged eight groups of First Nation and Metis communities in three rural Indigenous communities and ne metropolitan urban setting in Manitoba, Canada. Overall, 59 individuals participated. Open coding was guided by grounded theory and further analysis using Nvivo 12 software™.ResultsParticipants mean age was 35.6 years, 88 percent (52 individuals) had a least one child, and 32 percent (19 individuals) were employed. Eight themes emerged, including respondents' fear of dental surgery under GA, fear of pain after dental surgery, parents' need for more information before accepting SDF treatment, and concern about the black staining of treated lesions.ConclusionsIndigenous parents' acceptance of SDF as a treatment option is contingent on having more information and assurance that treatment under GA can be avoided. Understanding Indigenous parents' views may ensure better acceptance of SDF as a minimally invasive treatment option to manage ECC. A cautious and informative approach to SDF implementation in Indigenous communities is recommended.