bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurses' perspectives on technical skill requirements in primary and tertiary healthcare services
Authors: Leonardsen Ann‐Chatrin Linqvist , Blågestad Ina Kristin , Brynhildsen Siri , Olsen Richard , Gunheim‐Hatland Lars , Gregersen Anne‐Grethe , Kvarsnes Anne Herwander , Hansen Wenche Charlotte , Andreassen Hilde Marie , Martinsen Mona , Hansen Mette , Hjelmeland Inger , Grøndahl Vigdis Abrahamsen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimTo explore nurses' perspectives on technical skill requirements in primary and tertiary healthcare services and their perspectives on where students should learn these skills.DesignThe study was conducted in Norway and had a cross‐sectional, multicentre, descriptive design.MethodsWe used a questionnaire to explore registered nurses and intellectual disability nurses' perspectives on technical skill requirements and learning (N = 437).ResultsAll the skills included in the university college curricula were reported to be required, and most skills should from the respondents' perspective be learned in the university college. There were significant differences between registered nurses and intellectual disability nurses about their perspectives on skill learning, but no significant differences between respondents in the interface between hospital and municipality wards.ConclusionsResults from this study indicate that nurses need extensive technical skills in both primary and tertiary health care. Findings also indicate a need to modify the university college curricula.
The natural history of the fallow deer, Dama dama (Linnaeus, 1758) in Bulgaria in prehistory and new evidence for the existence of an autochthonous Holocene population in the Balkans
Authors: Karastoyanova Nadezhda , Gorczyk John , Spassov Nikolai 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe fallow deer (Dama dama Linnaeus, 1758) has a long history of interaction with prehistoric humans. Beginning in the Neolithic, humans introduced fallow deer to several areas of the eastern Mediterranean and mainland Europe, with later additional importing happening in the Bronze and Iron Ages. However, in some parts of southeastern Europe, autochthonous populations of extant fallow deer may have survived through the end of the Pleistocene and into the early Holocene, making them available for exploitation by Neolithic and Chalcolithic communities. Climatic and vegetational regimes favourable to fallow deer covered nearly all of Bulgaria during this period; yet, the heavy use of the species by human communities was restricted to a very small area around southeastern Bulgaria. Eventually, climate deterioration, habitat change and overhunting led to the decline of fallow deer in later prehistory in Bulgaria. This paper offers a discussion of the environmental and cultural background of human‐fallow deer interactions from the sixth to fourth millennium BCE in Bulgaria. Using bivariate scatterplots and log ratio techniques, we demonstrate that Neolithic and Chalcolithic communities exploited a large extant fallow‐deer population, appearing to target both males and females equally. Our results are the first step in a larger archaeological investigation of human‐fallow deer relations that unfolded over several millennia, touching upon issues of settlement, migration and perhaps even taming or domestication.
Impact of Combined Hormonal Contraceptive Use on Weight Loss: A Secondary Analysis of a Behavioral Weight‐Loss Trial
Authors: Caldwell Ann E. , Zaman Adnin , Ostendorf Danielle M. , Pan Zhaoxing , Swanson Bryan B. , Phelan Suzanne , Wyatt Holly R. , Bessesen Daniel H. , Melanson Edward L. , Catenacci Victoria A. 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveThis study aimed to perform a preliminary investigation of the impact of combined hormonal contraceptive (CHC) use on weight loss during an 18‐month behavioral weight‐loss trial.MethodsAdults (n = 170; 18‐55 years; BMI 27‐42 kg/m2) received a weight‐loss intervention that included a reduced‐calorie diet, a progressive exercise prescription, and group‐based behavioral support. Premenopausal women (n = 110) were classified as CHC users (CHC, n = 17) or non‐CHC users (non‐CHC, n = 93). Changes in weight were examined within groups using a linear mixed model, adjusted for age and randomized group assignment.ResultsAt 6 M, weight was reduced from baseline in both CHC (mean, −6.7 kg; 95% CI: −9.8 to −3.7 kg) and non‐CHC (−9.1 kg; −9.1 to −6.4 kg). Between 6 and 18 M, CHC regained weight (4.9 kg; 0.9 to 8.9 kg), while weight remained relatively unchanged in non‐CHC (−0.1 kg; −1.8 to 1.6 kg). At 18 M, weight was relatively unchanged from baseline in CHC (−1.8 kg; −7.3 to 3.6 kg) and was reduced from baseline in non‐CHC (−7.9 kg; −10.2 to −5.5 kg).ConclusionsIn this secondary data analysis, CHC use was associated with weight regain after initial weight loss. Prospective studies are needed to further understand the extent to which CHC use influences weight loss and maintenance.
Making the most of the first prenatal visit: The challenge of expanding prenatal genetic testing options and limited clinical encounter time
Authors: Farrell Ruth M. , Pierce Madelyn , Collart Christina , Edmonds Brownsyne Tucker , Chien Edward , Coleridge Marissa , Rose Susannah L. , Perni Uma , Frankel Richard 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveAdvances in prenatal genetics place additional challenges as patients must receive information about a growing array of screening and testing options. This raises concerns about how to achieve a shared decision‐making process that prepares patients to make an informed decision about their choices about prenatal genetic screening and testing options, calling for a reconsideration of how healthcare providers approach the first prenatal visit.MethodsWe conducted interviews with 40 pregnant women to identify components of decision‐making regarding prenatal genetic screens and tests at this visit. Analysis was approached using grounded theory.ResultsParticipants brought distinct notions of risk to the visit, including skewed perceptions of baseline risk for a fetal genetic condition and the implications of screening and testing. Participants were very concerned about financial considerations associated with these options, ranking out‐of‐pocket costs on par with medical considerations. Participants noted diverging priorities at the first visit from those of their healthcare provider, leading to barriers to shared decision‐making regarding screening and testing during this visit.ConclusionResearch is needed to determine how to restructure the initiation of prenatal care in a way that best positions patients to make informed decisions about prenatal genetic screens and tests.
Effect of evening primrose oil supplementation on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Khorshidi Masoud , Zarezadeh Meysam , Moradi Moghaddam Omid , Emami Mohammad Reza , Kord‐Varkaneh Hamed , Mousavi Seyed Mohammad , Alizadeh Shahab , Heshmati Javad , Olang Beheshteh , Aryaeian Naheed 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundStudies have shown that evening primrose oil (EPO) supplementation might be effective in improving lipid profile, however, the results are inconsistent. This study was performed to determine the direction and magnitude of the EPO effect on the lipid profile.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science databases and Google Scholar were searched up to September‐2019. Meta‐analysis was performed using the random‐effects model. Lipid profile including high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) was considered as the primary outcome.ResultsA total of 926 articles were identified through database searching, of which, six RCTs were included in the meta‐analysis. There were six studies on HDL, TC, and TG and four studies on LDL. EPO supplementation had no significant effect on TC, TG, LDL, and HDL. However, in subgroup analysis, a significant reduction in TG at a dose of ≤4 g/day (weighted mean difference [WMD] = −37.28 mg/dl; 95% CI: −73.53 to −1.03, p = .044) and a significant increase in HDL in hyperlipidemic subjects (WMD = 5.468 mg/dl; 95% CI: 1.323 to 9.614, p = .010) was found.ConclusionOral intake of EPO at a dose of ≤4 g/day significantly reduces serum TG levels and significantly increases HDL levels in hyperlipidemic subjects.
Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight/time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (negative ion mode) of French Oak lignin: A novel series of lignin and tricin derivatives attached to carbohydrate and shikimic acid moieties
Authors: Mikhael Abanoub , Jurcic Kristina , Fridgen Travis D. , Delmas Michel , Banoub Joseph 
Published: May 2020

RationaleWe report the top‐down lignomic analysis of the virgin released lignin (VRL) small oligomers obtained from French Oak wood.MethodsWe have used MALDI‐TOF‐MS in the negative ion mode for the analysis of the complex mixture of lignin oligomers extracted from French Oak wood. High‐energy CID‐TOF/TOF‐MS/MS analyses were used to support the postulated precursor ion structures.ResultsTwenty compounds were identified using MALDI‐TOF‐MS/MS of the VRL extracted from French Oak wood: seven tricin derivatives and/or flavonoids, three syringylglycerol derivatives, two syringol derivatives, two flavonolignin derivatives, and six miscellaneous compounds: luteoferol, lariciresinol isomer, 5‐hydroxy guaiacyl derivative, syringyl ‐C10H10O2 dimer, trihydroxy benzaldehyde derivative, and aryl tetralin lignan derivative. Most of the identified compounds were in the form of carbohydrate and/or shikimic acid complexes.ConclusionsThe analysis of this complex mixture led to the identification of a series of lignin dimers, novel lignin‐carbohydrate complexes (LCC), and unique tricin derivatives linked to different types of carbohydrates and shikimic acid moieties. This finding supports the presence of lignin‐carbohydrate complexes in the isolated VRL. These analyses also showed that French Oak lignin is abundant in syringol moieties present in the lignin syringyl units or tricin derivatives. Moreover, the identification of some lignin‐carbohydrate and/or flavonoid‐shikimic acid complexes could provide new insight into the relationship between the biosynthesis of lignin and tricin.
Can science literacy help individuals identify misinformation in everyday life?
Authors: Sharon Aviv J. , Baram‐Tsabari Ayelet 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCertain science‐related topics elicit persistent public controversy, such as routine childhood vaccinations and anthropogenic climate change. Many people are misinformed about the scientific facts underlying these issues. In response, science educators have called for improvements in the public's science literacy, but it is not clear which components of science literacy would help individuals identify misinformation. In this position paper, we examine this issue and make two arguments. First, we unpack the construct of science literacy to the seven components identified by the National Academies, and argue that four of these components are most likely to help individuals identify misinformation in everyday life: (a) Understanding of scientific practices; (b) Identifying and judging appropriate scientific expertise, (c) Epistemic knowledge, and (d) Dispositions and habits of mind, for example, inquisitiveness and open‐mindedness. We also show that three of these four components are not commonly used in definitions of science literacy. Second, we posit that two opposite reasons explain why misinformation is so intractable: on the one hand, that individuals uncritically accept most information, even if it is false, and on the other hand, that they reject information that contradicts their worldview, even if it is true. Consequently, we argue that inculcating intellectual virtues, such as open‐mindedness, should be central to imparting science literacy and propose some implications for educational practice. Lastly, we point out some limitations of our arguments and offer recommendations for further research.
Galectin-3 diminishes Wnt signaling in the postnatal subventricular zone
Authors: Al-Dalahmah Osama , Nicholson James , Draijer Swip , Soares Luana Campos , Szele Francis G. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Postnatal subventricular zone (pSVZ) stem and progenitor cell proliferation is regulated by several developmental signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin. However, the molecular regulation of Wnt function in the pSVZ is poorly understood. We previously showed that Wnt signaling is upregulated in an SVZ gliomagenesis in vivo model. As well, the pro-inflammatory molecule Galectin-3 (Gal-3) increases Wnt signaling in cancer cells and is expressed in the SVZ. Therefore, we asked if Gal-3 has a similar function on Wnt signaling in the pSVZ. We interrogated Wnt signaling using a signaling reporter as well as immunohistochemistry and showed that Wnt signaling predominates upstream in the pSVZ lineage but is downregulated in migrating neuroblasts. Biochemical analysis of SVZ cells, in vivo and in neurosphere stem/progenitor cells, showed that Gal-3 physically interacts with multiple forms of β-catenin, which is a major downstream regulator of Wnt signaling. Functional analyses demonstrated, in vitro and in vivo, that Gal-3 knockdown increases Wnt signaling and conversely that Gal-3 OE inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the pSVZ. This latter result suggested that Gal-3, which is consistently increased in brain injury, may decrease pSVZ proliferation. We showed that Gal-3 OE decreased proliferation without altering cell cycle re-entry and that it increased p27Kip1, a molecule which induces cell cycle exit. Our data uncover a novel regulator of Wnt signaling in the SVZ, Gal-3, which does so in a manner opposite to cancer.
Exosomal miRNA-17-5p derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells improves ovarian function in premature ovarian insufficiency by regulating SIRT7
Authors: Ding Chenyue , Zhu Liping , Shen Han , Lu Jiafeng , Zou Qinyan , Huang Chao , Li Hong , Huang Boxian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is clinically irreversible in women aged over 40 years. Although numerous studies have demonstrated satisfactory outcomes of mesenchymal stem cell therapy, the underlying therapeutic mechanism remains unclear. Exosomes were collected from the culture medium of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) and assessed by electron microscopy and Western blot (WB) analysis. Then, exosomes were added to the culture medium of cyclophosphamide (CTX)-damaged human granulosa cells (hGCs), and the mixture was injected into the ovaries of CTX-induced POI model mice before detection of antiapoptotic and apoptotic gene expression. Next, the microRNA expression profiles of hUMSC-derived exosomes (hUMSC-Exos) were detected by small RNA sequencing. The ameliorative effect of exosomal microRNA-17-5P (miR-17-5P) was demonstrated by miR-17-5P knockdown before assessment of ovarian phenotype and function, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and SIRT7 expression. Finally, SIRT7 was inhibited or overexpressed by RNA interference or retrovirus transduction, and the protein expression of PARP1, γH2AX, and XRCC6 was analyzed. The ameliorative effect of hUMSC-Exos on POI was validated. Our results illustrated that hUMSC-Exos restored ovarian phenotype and function in a POI mouse model, promoted proliferation of CTX-damaged hGCs and ovarian cells, and alleviated ROS accumulation by delivering exosomal miR-17-5P and inhibiting SIRT7 expression. Moreover, our findings elucidated that miR-17-5P repressed PARP1, γH2AX, and XRCC6 by inhibiting SIRT7. Our findings suggest a critical role for exosomal miR-17-5P and its downstream target mRNA SIRT7 in hUMSC transplantation therapy. This study indicates the promise of exosome-based therapy for POI treatment.
New insights into biogeographical disjunctions between Taiwan and the Eastern Himalayas: The case of Prinsepia (Rosaceae)
Authors: Jin Wei‐Yin , Li Hai‐Wen , Wei Ran , Huang Bing‐Hong , Liu Bing , Sun Tian‐Tian , Mabberley David J. , Liao Pei‐Chun , Yang Yong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTo understand better the mechanisms underlying the disjunct distribution of plants between Taiwan and Himalaya‐southwestern China, the genus Prinsepia (Rosaceae) was examined using phylogenetic and dating approaches based on molecular evidence. Prinsepia comprises four allopatric species with distributions in four subregions of China, i.e., P. scandens (southeastern China: Taiwan), P. sinensis (northeastern China: Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and E Inner Mongolia), P. uniflora (mainly northwestern China: Gansu, Henan, W Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi and Sichuan), and P. utilis (southwestern China: Guizhou, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan). Our phylogeny and molecular dating suggest that Prinsepia diverged into northern and southern clades in the Oligocene (ca. 32.61 mya); subsequently, the northern species pair split around 16.25 mya, and P. scandens diverged from the Xizang population of P. utilis in 11.89 mya but migrated to Taiwan later. We integrated different lines of evidence including phylogeny, molecular dating, geological history, and niche modelling, and conclude that divergence between the northwestern and northeastern species was caused by environmental differentiation (i.e., humidity/aridity), and the modern disjunctive distribution of the southern species pair was better explained by founder speciation/migration. We thus provide new insights into the origin of the disjunction between Taiwan and Himalaya‐southwestern China.
Arecoline induces epithelial mesenchymal transition inHK2cells by upregulating theERK‐mediated signaling pathway
Authors: Hsieh Yi‐Hsien , Syu Ru‐Jiang , Lee Chu‐Che , Lin Shin‐Huey , Lee Chien‐Hsing , Cheng Chun‐Wen , Tsai Jen‐Pi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractArecoline, a component of betel nuts, is a known carcinogen that causes oral cancers among those who chew betel nuts. Betel nut chewing is also associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the role of arecoline in this association is unclear. This in vitro study investigates the effects of arecoline on cultured human kidney (HK2) cells. We observed that arecoline had no effect on cell viability but increased cell migration in a dose‐dependent manner. Western blot analysis showed that arecoline treatment caused a dose‐dependent decrease in E‐cadherin expression and dose‐dependent increases in N‐cadherin, vimentin, α‐SMA, and collagen expression; reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed dose‐dependent increases in α‐SMA and collagen mRNA. Arecoline treatment upregulated the expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal‐regulated kinase through epithelial mesenchymal transition and renal fibrosis in HK2 cells. These findings demonstrate that arecoline plays a role in inducing the epithelial mesenchymal transition and fibrogenesis in renal tubule cells and suggest that arecoline promotes the progression of CKD.
Effect of a multicomponent exercise intervention on brain metabolism: A randomized controlled trial on Alzheimer's pathology (Dementia‐MOVE)
Authors: Haeger Alexa , Costa Ana S. , Romanzetti Sandro , Kilders Axel , Trautwein Christian , Haberl Luisa , Beulertz Michael , Hildebrand Frank , Schulz Jörg B. , Reetz Kathrin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundPhysical activity has shown a positive impact on aging and neurodegeneration and represents a possible treatment option in cognitive decline. However, its underlying mechanisms and influences on brain pathology remain unclear. Dementia‐MOVE (Multi‐Objective Validation of Exercise) is a randomized‐controlled pilot trial, including 50 patients with amnestic cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's pathology, aiming to analyze the effect of physical activity and fitness on disease progression.MethodsDementia‐MOVE is divided into two arms, of either an intervention comprising physical activity, for at least twice a week, combined with a psychoeducational program, or a sole psychoeducational program. Physical activity intervention includes a supervised and unsupervised multimodal concept combining resistance, endurance, coordinative, and aerobic training. The primary outcome is the change of brain metabolism due to physical interventional treatment. Besides metabolic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including sodium and phosphorus imaging, resting state functional MRI, T1‐, T2‐weighted and fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), as well as diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) of the brain and whole‐body fat MRI are performed before and after intervention, and will be compared in their sensitivity for the detection of intervention effects. We further assess cognitive performance, neuropsychiatric symptoms, quality of life, fitness, and sleep via questionnaires/interviews and/or fitness trackers, as well as microbiome, under the aspect of Alzheimer's pathology.DiscussionThe aim of Dementia‐MOVE is to investigate the effect of a multimodal exercise program on Alzheimer's pathology under different aspects of the disease. In this context, one of the main aims is the comparison of different MRI methods regarding their responsiveness for the detection of alterations induced by physical activity. As an underlying goal, new treatment and diagnostic options, as well as the exploration of fitness effects on brain structure and metabolism within a whole‐body perspective of Alzheimer's disease are envisaged.
A University Landscape for the Digital World
Authors: Orr Dominic , Luebcke Maren , Schmidt J. Philipp , Ebner Markus , Wannemacher Klaus , Ebner Martin , Dohmen Dieter 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
As the digital transformation clearly highlights the role of universities and institutes of higher education in shaping a higher education system that is more open and provides education to everyone who can benefit from it, this study seeks to analyze, in more detail, what developments are having an impact on higher education and develops future scenarios for education in 2030. The UK study Solving future skills challenges implies that the linear model of education–employment–career will no longer be sufficient in the future, requiring new combinations of skills, experience, and collaboration from educators and employers. This UK study serves as a starting point for the AHEAD trend analysis for a higher education landscape in 2030. Five premises ranging from “No naive innovation view” to “Realistic approach,” and “Diversity in higher education” provide the basis for a search for concepts for the higher education of the future.
From Lines of Development to Scenarios
Authors: Orr Dominic , Luebcke Maren , Schmidt J. Philipp , Ebner Markus , Wannemacher Klaus , Ebner Martin , Dohmen Dieter 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
After examining the current developments in the field of knowledge and competence requirements, university teaching and technology, and their effects on a digital society through various background studies, this chapter focuses on modeling and developing different scenarios and discussions with regard to technology and social developments. Different economic and social requirements as well as new forms of didactics and learning environments will lead to necessary changes in higher education. It should provide a link between continuing and higher education by identifying new ways of recognizing skills acquired informally. Strong support most notably for new students, should combine performing, developing, and explorative teaching and learning situations. Meanwhile, it will be essential for the didactics of the future to be sensitive to the needs of learners and offer individualized support for student-learning paths, making education independent of time and place. Finally, selected approaches to developing future scenarios in higher education focusing on institutions and governance issues, technology, and social developments are discussed in more detail.