bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generalized dice similarity measures for q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets with applications
Authors: Jan Naeem , Zedam Lemnaouar , Mahmood Tahir , Rak Ewa , Ali Zeeshan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRecently, Yager has established that the notion of q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-ROFS) is more accomplished than pythagorean fuzzy set (PyFS) and intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) to cope with awkward and complicated information in real decision theory. This notion works with yes-, no- and refusal-type fuzzy information. The constraint of q-ROFS is that the sum of n-power of the truth grade and the n-power of the falsity grade is bounded to unit interval. Generalized dice similarity measures are complimentary concepts quantifying the difference and closeness of q-ROFSs. In this paper, we suggested a number of novel dice similarity measures (DSMs) in the surroundings of the q-ROFS, and we examined some prevailing dice similarity measures and their limitations. In addition, we took the DSMs broad view to some globalized dice similarity measures (GDSMs), and we examined some of their particular cases. We employed the novel suggested GDSMs to the best selections of items on identification problems, and we analyzed their acquired consequences. There is a development of novel work in which many situations are evaluated, and from this perspective, the suggested work is changed into already prevailing work. This study also examines the merits of novel DSMs and the limitations for DSMs of IFSs and PyFSs. The comparison between established measures with existing measures is explored and their graphical interpretations are also discussed to show the reliability and effectiveness of the explored measures.
Analysis of fracture mechanism for surrounding rock hole based on water-filled blasting
Authors: Wang Jun , Yang Jingxuan , Wu Fengfeng , Hu Tengfei , Faisal Shams Al 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe principles of fracture development during underwater blasting are examined based on explosion and impact dynamics, fluid dynamics, fracture dynamics, and field testing. The research reveals that the fracturing of the surrounding rock during underwater blasting is due to the combined action of shock and stress waves for the initial rock breakage and subsequent water expansion. The fracture development model for the surrounding rock of a drilling hole during underwater blasting is established. The rock fracturing range under the combined action of shock and stress waves is developed, as well as the fracture propagation rules after the wedging of the water medium into the fractures. Finally, the results of deep-hole underwater blasting tests on large rocks confirm the efficient utilization of explosive in the hole to improve the safety conditions. Accordingly, safe and static rock breaking under the detonation of high-effect explosive can be achieved. In addition, super-dynamic loading from the explosions and static loading from the water medium in the hole can be adequately combined for rock breaking.
Slope stability of increasing height and expanding capacity of south dumping site of Hesgoula coal mine: a case study
Authors: Pan Weidong , Pan Weiliang , Luo Jianyang , Fan Long , Li Shaocheng , Erdenebileg Ulziikhutag 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper is devoted to improve the containment capacity of the Hesgoula south dumping site. The general geology of the dumping site was obtained through geological surveys. Physico-mechanical properties of silty clay and bedrock layers that have a large impact on the stability of the dump were measured by direct shear tests and triaxial tests in laboratory. Then ultimate bearing capacity of the substrate were analyzed and calculated. This paper proposed three capacity expansion and increase plans and used GeoStudio software for comparison. Through computation of the stability of the dump site slope after capacity expansion and increase for each plan, the capacity expansion plan was determined. The capacity expansion and increase plan will solve the problem of the current insufficient containment capacity of the Hesgoula south dumping site, which is of great significance for saving mine transportation costs, improving work efficiency, and reducing grassland occupation.
Future research directions in children and hoarding
Authors: Guzick Andrew G. , Schneider Sophie C. , Storch Eric A. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Despite a rapidly growing understanding of hoarding disorder (HD), there
has been relatively limited systematic research into the impact of hoarding
on children and adolescents. The goal of this paper is to suggest future
research directions, both for children with hoarding behaviours and children
living in a cluttered home. Key areas reviewed in this paper include (1) the
need for prospective studies of children with hoarding behaviours and those
who grow up with a parent with HD; (2) downward extensions of
cognitive-behavioural models of adult HD that emphasise different
information processing and behavioural biases in youth HD; (3) developmental
research into the presentation of emerging HD in childhood compared with
adulthood presentations of the disorder, with consideration of typical
childhood development and unique motivators for childhood saving behaviours;
(4) developmentally sensitive screening and assessment; and (5) the
development of evidence-based treatments for this population. The paper
concludes with a discussion of methodological suggestions to meet these
aims.
Kalasha (Bumburet variety)
Authors: Kochetov Alexei , Arsenault Paul , Petersen Jan Heegård , Kalas Sikandar , Kalash Taj Khan 
Published: June 2020

Kalasha (ISO 639-3: kls), also known as Kalashamon, is a Northwestern Indo-Aryan language spoken in Chitral District of Khyber Pakhtunkwa Province in northern Pakistan, primarily in the valleys of Bumburet, Rumbur, Urtsun, and Birir, as shown in Figure 1. The number of speakers is estimated between 3000 and 5000. TheEthnologueclassifies the language status as ‘vigorous’ (Eberhard, Simons & Fennig 2019) but some researchers consider it ‘threatened’ (Rahman 2006, Khan & Mela-Athanasopoulou 2011). Kalasha has been in close contact with Nuristani and other Northwestern Indo-Aryan languages. Among the latter, the influence of Khowar has been particularly strong because it functions as alingua francaof Chitral District (Liljegren & Khan 2017). The Kalasha lexicon includes many loanwords from Khowar, as well as from Persian, Arabic, and Urdu (Trail & Cooper 1999). Early efforts to put the language in writing employed Arabic script but a Latin-based script was adopted in 2000 (Cooper 2005, Kalash & Heegård 2016).
Mitochondrial DNA dataset suggest that the genus Sphaerirostris Golvan, 1956 is a synonym of the genus Centrorhynchus Lühe, 1911
Authors: Muhammad Nehaz , Suleman  , Ahmad Munawar Saleem , Li Liang , Zhao Qing , Ullah Hanif , Zhu Xing-Quan , Ma Jun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOur present genetic data of Acanthocephala, especially the mitochondrial (mt) genomes, remains very limited. In the present study, the nearly complete mt genome sequences of Sphaerirostris lanceoides (Petrochenko, 1949) was sequenced and determined for the first time based on specimens collected from the Indian pond heron Ardeola grayii (Sykes) (Ciconiiformes: Ardeidae) in Pakistan. The mt genome of S. lanceoides is 13 478 bp in size and contains 36 genes, including 12 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) and two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs). Moreover, in order to clarify the phylogenetic relationship of the genera Centrorhynchus and Sphaerirostris, and to test the systematic position of S. lanceoides in the Centrorhynchidae, the phylogenetic analyses were performed using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods, based on concatenated nucleotide sequences of 12 PCGs, rRNAs and tRNAs. The phylogenetic results further confirmed the monophyly of the order Polymorphida and the paraphyly of the order Echinorhynchida in the class Palaeacanthocephala. Our results also challenged the validity of the genus Sphaerirostris (Polymorphida: Centrorhynchidae) and showed a sister relationship between S. lanceoides and S. picae (Rudolphi, 1819).
The co-constitution of ageing and technology – a model and agenda
Authors: Peine Alexander , Neven Louis 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a model for studying ageing and technology. It investigates the theoretical gains that can be made by combining insights from Age Studies and Science and Technology Studies (STS). Although technology has become a much more salient part in the everyday lives of older people and investments are high in technologies to deal with the alleged challenges of demographic change, theory development about ageing–technology relations has not kept up with these trends. Partly this is due to the poor connection between the social scientific understanding of ageing and the technically focused discipline of gerontechnology. This has led to an interventionist logic that underlies much of the current and implicit theorising about ageing and technology. We briefly analyse the problems of the interventionist logic and then present a model that conceptualises ageing and technology as co-constituted. We propose this model – which we call the CAT-model – to highlight a number of fundamental ideas about ageing–technology relations. At the centre are four different arenas (life-worlds of older people, design worlds, technological artefacts and images of ageing) in and across which these relations can and should be studied. To develop the model, we build on our own theoretical and empirical work over the last decade, and on examples from recent scholarship that straddle the disciplinary boundaries between STS and Age Studies.
Solving world problems: the Indian women’s movement, global governance, and ‘the crisis of empire’, 1933–46
Authors: Parr Rosalind 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article examines global processes of decolonization through an analysis of Indian women’s interactions with world governance during the interwar ‘crisis of empire’. This distinct form of activism asserted anti-colonial claims through engagements with transnational civil society networks and the social work of the League of Nations and the International Labour Office. In doing so, it undermined imperial legitimacy, shifted the terms of liberal internationalism, and prepared the ground for later developments at the United Nations.
Contrasting soil microbial abundance and diversity on and between pasture drill rows in the third growing season after sowing
Authors: Hayes Richard C. , Gupta Vadakattu V. S. R. , Li Guangdi D. , Peoples Mark B. , Rawnsley Richard P. , Pembleton Keith G. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractChanged spatial configurations at sowing have been investigated as a strategy to minimize interspecific competition and improve the establishment and persistence of multi-species plantings in pastures, but the impact of this practice on the soil microbiome has received almost no previous research attention. Differences in populations of bacteria and fungi in the surface 10 cm of soil in the third year following pasture establishment were quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. Populations were compared on, and between, drill rows sown to either the perennial grass phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.), perennial legume lucerne (alfalfa; Medicago sativa L.) or the annual legume subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.). Results showed that soil microbial abundance and diversity were related to plant distribution across the field at the time of sampling and to soil chemical parameters including total carbon (C), mineral nitrogen (N), pH, and available phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and sulfur (S). Despite the 27-month lag since sowing, pasture species remained concentrated around the original drill row with very little colonization of the inter-row area. The abundance and diversity of bacterial and fungal populations were consistently greater under drill rows associated with higher total C concentrations in the surface soil compared with the inter-row areas. Our results showed that the pH and available nutrients were similar between the subterranean clover drill row and the inter-row, suggesting that soil microbial populations were not impacted directly by these soil fertility parameters, but rather were related to the presence or absence of plants. The abundance of bacteria and fungi were numerically lower under phalaris rows compared to rows sown to legumes. The richness and diversity of fungal populations were lowest between rows where lucerne was planted. Possible explanations for this observation include a lower C:N ratio of lucerne roots and/or a lack of fibrous roots at the soil surface compared to the other species, illustrating the influence of contrasting plant types on the soil microflora community. This study highlights the enduring legacy of the drill row on the spatial distribution of plants well into the pasture phase of a cropping rotation and discusses the opportunity to enhance the microbiome of cropping soils on a large scale during the pasture phase by increasing plant distribution across the landscape.
Assessing the potential impact on health of the UK's future relationship agreement with the EU: analysis of the negotiating positions
Authors: Fahy Nick , Hervey Tamara , Dayan Mark , Flear Mark , Galsworthy Mike , Greer Scott , Jarman Holly , McKee Martin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhile policy attention is understandably diverted to COVID-19, the end of the UK's post-Brexit ‘transition period’ remains 31 December 2020. All forms of future EU−UK relationship are worse for health than EU membership, but analysis of the negotiating texts shows some forms are better than others. The likely outcomes involve major negative effects for NHS staffing, funding for health and social care, and capital financing for the NHS; and for UK global leadership and influence. We expect minor negative effects for cross border healthcare (except in Northern Ireland); research collaboration; and data sharing, such as the Early Warning and Response System for health threats. Despite political narratives, the legal texts show that the UK seeks de facto continuity in selected key areas for pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and equipment [including personal protective equipment (PPE)], especially clinical trials, pharmacovigilance, and batch-testing. The UK will be excluded from economies of scale of EU membership, e.g. joint procurement programmes as used recently for PPE. Above all, there is a major risk of reaching an agreement with significant adverse effects for health, without meaningful oversight by or input from the UK Parliament, or other health policy stakeholders.
Neonatal glucocorticoid overexposure alters cardiovascular function in young adult horses in a sex-linked manner
Authors: Valenzuela Orlando A. , Jellyman Juanita K. , Allen Vanessa L. , Niu Youguo , Holdstock Nicola B. , Forhead Alison J. , Giussani Dino A. , Fowden Abigail L. , Herrera Emilio A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPrenatal glucocorticoid overexposure has been shown to programme adult cardiovascular function in a range of species, but much less is known about the long-term effects of neonatal glucocorticoid overexposure. In horses, prenatal maturation of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis and the normal prepartum surge in fetal cortisol occur late in gestation compared to other precocious species. Cortisol levels continue to rise in the hours after birth of full-term foals and increase further in the subsequent days in premature, dysmature and maladapted foals. Thus, this study examined the adult cardiovascular consequences of neonatal cortisol overexposure induced by adrenocorticotropic hormone administration to full-term male and female pony foals. After catheterisation at 2–3 years of age, basal arterial blood pressures (BP) and heart rate were measured together with the responses to phenylephrine (PE) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP). These data were used to assess cardiac baroreflex sensitivity. Neonatal cortisol overexposure reduced both the pressor and bradycardic responses to PE in the young adult males, but not females. It also enhanced the initial hypotensive response to SNP, slowed recovery of BP after infusion and reduced the gain of the cardiac baroreflex in the females, but not males. Basal diastolic pressure and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity also differed with sex, irrespective of neonatal treatment. The results show that there is a window of susceptibility for glucocorticoid programming during the immediate neonatal period that alters cardiovascular function in young adult horses in a sex-linked manner.
Sadism as a Key Dark Trait in the Link Between Football Fandom and Criminal Attitudes
Authors: Međedović Janko , Kovačević Uroš 
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Football (soccer) fans, particularly those with active involvement in supporting clubs, are especially prone to violence and criminal behavior. However, there is a gap in literature regarding individual characteristics which lead to criminal behavior in this group. In the present research, we examined the Dark Tetrad traits (narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism) and criminal attitudes (Violence, Entitlement, Antisocial intent, and Associates) in a group of active football fans ( N = 128) and a control group ( N = 118). We were led by a hypothesis that psychopathy and sadism as the dark traits with highest associations with violence are more pronounced in football supporters and key traits to predict criminal attitudes. The results showed that football fans had higher scores in all criminal attitude scales as well as in trait sadism. Furthermore, membership in a football supporters’ group was the most important predictor of all four measures of criminal attitudes. However, Dark Tetrad traits contributed to the prediction as well: sadism was the most important predictor of criminal attitudes, followed by psychopathy, and Machiavellianism, while narcissism had the fewest associations with the criteria measures. Finally, sadism was the only dark trait which significantly mediated the link between club supporting and criminal attitudes. Study findings help in understanding personality profiles of football supporters and provide new knowledge of the role that the Dark Tetrad traits (especially sadism) play in violence and criminal involvement in general.
Identification of temporal condition patterns associated with pediatric obesity incidence using sequence mining and big data
Authors: Campbell Elizabeth A. , Qian Ting , Miller Jeffrey M. , Bass Ellen J. , Masino Aaron J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundElectronic health records (EHRs) are potentially important components in addressing pediatric obesity in clinical settings and at the population level. This work aims to identify temporal condition patterns surrounding obesity incidence in a large pediatric population that may inform clinical care and childhood obesity policy and prevention efforts.MethodsEHR data from healthcare visits with an initial record of obesity incidence (index visit) from 2009 through 2016 at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and visits immediately before (pre-index) and after (post-index), were compared with a matched control population of patients with a healthy weight to characterize the prevalence of common diagnoses and condition trajectories. The study population consisted of 49,694 patients with pediatric obesity and their corresponding matched controls. The SPADE algorithm was used to identify common temporal condition patterns in the case population. McNemar’s test was used to assess the statistical significance of pattern prevalence differences between the case and control populations.ResultsSPADE identified 163 condition patterns that were present in at least 1% of cases; 80 were significantly more common among cases and 45 were significantly more common among controls (p < 0.05). Asthma and allergic rhinitis were strongly associated with childhood obesity incidence, particularly during the pre-index and index visits. Seven conditions were commonly diagnosed for cases exclusively during pre-index visits, including ear, nose, and throat disorders and gastroenteritis.ConclusionsThe novel application of SPADE on a large retrospective dataset revealed temporally dependent condition associations with obesity incidence. Allergic rhinitis and asthma had a particularly high prevalence during pre-index visits. These conditions, along with those exclusively observed during pre-index visits, may represent signals of future obesity. While causation cannot be inferred from these associations, the temporal condition patterns identified here represent hypotheses that can be investigated to determine causal relationships in future obesity research.
Social subordination induced by early life adversity rewires inhibitory control of the prefrontal cortex via enhanced Npy1r signaling
Authors: Franco Lara O. , Carvalho Mário J. , Costa Jéssica , Ferreira Pedro A. , Guedes Joana R. , Sousa Renato , Edfawy Mohamed , Seabra Catarina M. , Cardoso Ana L. , Peça João 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSocial hierarchies are present in most mammalian species. In nature, hierarchies offer a tradeoff between reduction of in-group fighting between males, at the expense of an asymmetric sharing of resources. Early life experiences and stress are known to influence the rank an individual attains in adulthood, but the associated cellular and synaptic alterations are poorly understood. Using a maternal separation protocol, we show that care-deprived mice display a long-lasting submissive phenotype, increased social recognition, and enhanced explorative behavior. These alterations are consistent with an adaptation that favors exploration rather than confrontation within a group setting. At the neuronal level, these animals display dendritic atrophy and enhanced inhibitory synaptic inputs in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) neurons. To determine what could underlie this synaptic modification, we first assessed global gene expression changes via RNAseq, and next focused on a smaller subset of putatively altered synaptic receptors that could explain the changes in synaptic inhibition. Using different cohorts of maternally deprived mice, we validated a significant increase in the expression of Npy1r, a receptor known to play a role in maternal care, anxiety, foraging, and regulation of group behavior. Using electrophysiological recordings in adult mice while blocking NPY1R signaling, we determined that this receptor plays a key role in enhancing GABAergic currents in mice that experience maternal deprivation. Taken together, our work highlights the potential of regulating NPY1R in social anxiety disorders and the alterations induced in brain circuitry as a consequence of early life stress and adversity.
Spin-phonon relaxation from a universal ab initio density-matrix approach
Authors: Xu Junqing , Habib Adela , Kumar Sushant , Wu Feng , Sundararaman Ravishankar , Ping Yuan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDesigning new quantum materials with long-lived electron spin states urgently requires a general theoretical formalism and computational technique to reliably predict intrinsic spin relaxation times. We present a new, accurate and universal first-principles methodology based on Lindbladian dynamics of density matrices to calculate spin-phonon relaxation time of solids with arbitrary spin mixing and crystal symmetry. This method describes contributions of Elliott-Yafet and D’yakonov-Perel’ mechanisms to spin relaxation for systems with and without inversion symmetry on an equal footing. We show that intrinsic spin and momentum relaxation times both decrease with increasing temperature; however, for the D’yakonov-Perel’ mechanism, spin relaxation time varies inversely with extrinsic scattering time. We predict large anisotropy of spin lifetime in transition metal dichalcogenides. The excellent agreement with experiments for a broad range of materials underscores the predictive capability of our method for properties critical to quantum information science.