bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of some metals complexes with new heterocyclic azo dye ligand 2-[2- - (5- Nitro thiazolyl) azo]-4- methyl -5- nitro phenol and their biological activities
Authors: Al-Khateeb Ziyad T , Karam Faiq F. , Al-Adilee Khalid 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A series of Cu(II), Fe(III), Pb(II), Mn(II) metals complexes have been synthesized with the new thiazole azo dye containing tridentate [N.N.O] donor ligand 2-[2− -(5-nitro thiazolyl) azo]-4-methyl-5-nitro phenol (5-NTAMNP) derived from 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole and 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol by the diazotization operation and the adizonium chloride salt solution of 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole reacting with 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol as a coupling compound in alkaline alcoholic solution. The structures of synthesized novel ligand was identified and confirmed via resorting to various spectroscopic techniques which included, 1H NMR, Mass spectrum, UV–visible, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-Rays diffraction (XRD), the surface nature and morphology and size average and elemental composition of individual ligand particles were examined using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) coupled with an energy dispersive X-ray system (EDX), in addition to above the physical properties of ligand have been studied via check its melting point and the purity of the ligand also was checked by TLC in presence of a certain solvent system. As for the consistency positions available in (5-NTAMNP) and the manner of its association with these metallic ions it’s likely that the pattern of complexity as a tridentate chelating agent with the formation of a coordination number for all metallic ions found equal to six and have Octahedral shape for all metallic ion. The optimal condition for complexation have been studied, the prepared metallic complexes were identified via UV–visible & FT-IR spectra. All metallic complex and (5-NTAMNP) ligand were screened for their biological activities.
Molecular dynamic simulation of the density and mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride(PVC)/high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites based on materials studio
Authors: Hadi Al Hasan Nuha 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Initial unit cell models of polyvinyl chloride(PVC)/high dnsity polyethylene (HDPE) composites and pure polyvinyl chloride were built using materials Studio, the stiffness matrix and mechanical parameters of the unit cells were achieved by molecular dynamic optimizations and calculations. Finally, the mechanical properties of pure PVC and the PVC/HDPE composites were compared. The result shows that the mechanical properties of PVC can be remarkably reinforced by being filled with HDPE, where the addition of 9.5%high density poly ethylene (HDPE) to poly vinyl chloride (PVC) the mechanical properties improved and the density degreases slightly.
Spectrophotometric Determination Of Glutathione By Iodate / Iodide
Authors: Mohammad Turkey Esam , Salih Mashkoor Muthana , Nassir Taha Dakhil 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
spectrophotometric method was applied for determination of GSH by reaction iodate and iodide at λmax=350 nm with high efficiency. The calibration curve was fabricated with linear range (1-35)ppm. The linearity (R2) value was 0.9980. The limit of detection value was 0.0002 ppm. The limit of quantification value was 0.0004 ppm. The effect of interferences on the determination of GSH was studed under optimum conditions. The interferences with 10 twice of concentration (100) ppm were added individually to the sample solution containing 10 ppm of GSH. It was noticed that the interfering components not effected on determination of GSH. Composition of complex (GSH/KIO3) was determined by mole ratio method which appear ratio about (1:1). Determination of GSH was applied on standard solutions, which gave high precision and accuracy with recovery in well worthily.
Colorimetric determination of Amoxicillin using 4-Aminoantipyrine and the effects of different parameters
Authors: Aljeboree Aseel M , Noor Alshirifi Abbas 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The wide utilize of antibiotics has led to spreading of antibiotics resistance among bacterial populations and reducing the effectiveness of antibiotics. However, most of the administrated antibiotics enter the environmental matrixes through direct runoff and excretion of feces or urine as unchanged original drugs, active metabolites and/or degradation products. Amoxicillin is one of the most valuable and highly consumed antibiotics. Thus, amoxicillin removal from pharmaceutical wastes offers many economic and environmental benefits. Therefore, the aim of current study was to characterize an identification method for amoxicillin and to study the effects of different parameter such as order of addition, nature of the complex, temperature and effect of concentration and type of the base. A spectrophotometric, selective and sensitive method has been proposed for the determination of Amoxicillin. The method is based on the oxidation of potassium ferricyanide and coupling of the oxidized product with the reagent, 4- aminoantipyrine, to give intensely colored complex that absorbs light strongly in the spectral region of 509nm at room temperature. The results found that the order of addition, drug (Amoxicillin)- potassium ferricyanide –base-4- aminoantipyrine, gave highest absorbance and sensitivity, the best base was NaOH (0.1N) needful for developing the colored product and increase its stability. That complex, at 25°C, gave a preferable sensitivity and was selected for further use in this study. Under the proposed optimum conditions, Beer’s law was conform in the concentration range of ( 5-100 mg L−1). Good linearity (r2=0.9994). Calculation of standard error, limit of detection (LOD) (signal/noise = 3), accuracy and precision (RSD%) better than 1%. The utilized method seemed simple, rapid, reproducible and accurate. In addition, it is applicable for the assay of the drug under investigation in various dosage forms and the results are in very good concord with those obtained in previous studies.
The importance of pharmacological modulation of the enzymatic activity of CD38 and intracellular NAD levels
Authors: Al-Abady Zainab N , Khinteel Jabbar Nawal , Alfarhani Bassam F 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCD38 may play important roles in the pathophysiology of different human diseases, like obesity, diabetes, chronic lymphocyte leukemia and other disease either through the enzymatic or receptorial functions. Also, it has a role in energy homeostasis, signal transduction, and aging. Interestingly, CD38 is a major regulator of intracellular nicotinamide adinin dinucleotide (NAD+) levels. It is the main NADase enzyme, it uses NAD to produce the main calcium mobilizing messengers. On the other hand, NAD is a key molecule that is involved in multiple signaling pathways and metabolic conditions. Thus, it is of highly importance to regulate of CD38 catalytic activity. Therefore, it is of interest to many investigators to find inhibitors of CD38 function to verify CD38 as a new potential therapeutic target. Here we draw attention to the importance of CD38 catalytic function and its involvement in several disease. In addition to the importance of intracellular NAD, the main NAD-consuming enzymes, and biosynthesis enzymes. The main regulators of CD38 activity (inhibitors or activators) are also reported to provide a theoretical basis for further drug design.This review is aimed at giving a brief insight into the progress made to date about CD38/NAD relationship. CD38/NAD link plays important roles in signaling pathways that may contribute to human pathologies, it is a potential target for drug development.
Laboratory Instruments Classification and Risks Use with Safety for Less Mistakes
Authors: Ismail Ahmed A , Abdulrazzak Firas H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The safety and security in physiochemical and biological labs needed for many conditions being ideal for workers when prevent or at least reduce the risks on it. The details of work include classification for the laboratories according the nature of the process that made. This work divided into many parts the first deals with classical instrument which used in the laboratory. The second specific instrument includes the instrument that may found in labs which characterized by should use after training with apparatuses. The second section of this work we reported five of common devices that used in the field of nanotechnology.
Pathological study of kidney in male rats treated with doxorubicin in Diyala province
Authors: Abed Mahmood AL-Karawi Mohammd , Mahmood Hamad Al-Shammari Sabah , yaseen mohammed Mahdi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Doxorubicin is the anti-neoplastic drug, used in treatment of many type of tumor like breast and ovary carcinoma. In this study, the goal was to identify the histopathological changes of doxorubicin on kidney of male rats weighing 200-225g, and the doxorubicin injected intraperitoneally. The rats classified into two main group, The first primary group (n=30) subdivided into sex groups (each group=5 rats). The first subgroup giving 0.3 ml of physiological normal saline every 84 hours for three weeks. Other subgroups were injected in peritoneum at a dose (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) mg / kg of doxorubicin twice weekly (each dose = 5 rats), every 84 hours for three weeks. The second primary group (n=20) also subdivided into four group (each group=5rats), The first subgroup giving 0.3 ml of physiological normal saline every 84 hours for six weeks. Other subgroups injected intraperitoneally in a dose (1, 2, 3) mg/kg of doxorubicin twice weekly for six weeks. Anatomy was performed on male rats after 48 hours of the last injection. The histopathological lesions were degeneration, thrombus, tubular casts, congestion, cells vacuole of glomerular tuft and hemorrhage of blood vessels. The score of injury showed significantly increased of the glomeruli injury degree of the male rats, which injected with doxorubicin in peritoneum at a dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight for three weeks and there is a significant increase in the degree of glomerulus injury at a dose 3 mg/kg of body weight when injected of doxorubicin for six weeks. In this study, we mentioned the histopathological effect of doxorubicin on the male rat kidney.
Alteration on MMP-2 Levels in Women Diabetes Patients in Basrah
Authors: Jasim Fatima A , Ameer Manar , Hayder Al-Zahraa 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Diabetes nephropathy (DN) is characterized by gathering of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the kidney. Extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation could influence by high glucose concentration through the activities of MMPs. ECM gathering is engaged in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are types of enzymes, which are mostly parted in ECM homeostasis. In normal kidneys, Gelatinase A (MMP-2) are the most important MMPs, so they may be studied as earlier and more specific markers for DN. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of MMP-2 as new indicators in diabetic patients. The study included 20 normal people as a control group and 67 samples collected from Al-Faihaa center for diabetes. Lipids profile were measured and MMP-2 levels detected by ELISA technique. The results showed cholesterol levels were at normal rates in control group, and at low risk levels in diabetes groups. Also the low risk levels of triglycerides were detected in diabetes groups, Furthermore, the risk values of HDLCholesterol was detected in group 2 significant increase in the MMp-2 concentration in patients with age 30 years or older which could be as an early sign of diabetes disease.
Study the bactericidal activity of Propolis in rabbit model
Authors: Hussein Hassan Salim , Al-Saadi Mohammed A K 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study aims to assess the bactericidal activity of Propolis extract against methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vivo. It included (11 male white New Zealand rabbits) evenly divided into two groups (6 animals in each one). Group I was fed daily with one milliliter of 20% extract Propolis for twenty days, while group II was fed without Propolis to serve as a control group. Ten days after the last dose, all animals were injected in intraperitoneal with single dose viable MRSA antigen at 0.5 x108 cfu/ml. After two days, blood samples that collected from all animals by heart puncture were cultured on blood agar media to assess bactericidal power activity of extract Propolis. The results pointed to effect of this extract on survive viable MRSA bacteria as compared with survive of same bacteria in control group animals. It was concluded Propolis had bactericidal power against pathogenic bacteria that appear resistant to antibiotics like MRSA bacteria.
Evaluation of E-selectin rs 5367 C/T Polymorphism in Iraqi Diabetic Foot patients
Authors: Mahdi Alzubadiy Mohanad W , Salih Almohaidi Asmaa M , Ahmed Sultan Ammar , Qasim Abdulhameed Luay 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDiabetic foot is inflammation disease, including inflammation factors; such as ESelectin. The study aimed to evaluate E-selectin gene SNP rs 5367 C/T polymorphisms with other factors in the Iraqi diabetic foot patients. The study was conducted on 100 Iraqi individual, 50 patients with diabetic foot and 50 as control group. 10ml of blood samples were taken to measured biochemical and genetic variations. The results showed significantly increasing in all biochemical parameter in patient compare to control group except HDL. As results shown no significant differences in the genotype distribution (TT, TC and CC) and allele frequency between the Diabetic foot patients and control groups. Additionally, the genotype TT recorded the highly ratio for patients and healthy individual (60-72%) which may consider the common genotype at Iraqi studied population. In conclusion, both homozygous genotype showed preventive fraction according odds ratio (0.58, 0.93), while CT genotype according odds ratio (1.39) consider as etiological fraction, but not related significantly with disease because all data still in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg so that research wok need more studied to improve a relationship between present locus with disease. Even that according to allele analysis T allele may preventive, while C allele could be etiological for disease.
Isolation and identification of alkaloids and glycosides active compound from Geranium lucidum and Geranium purpureum
Authors: Qahtan Mostafa AL-Smail Mostafa , Adnan Hussein Firas 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The study aimed at isolating and identification of alkaloids and glycosides active compound from the Geranium lucidum and Geranium purpureum species Grananiaceae using HPLC technique. results Phytochemical analysis of the studied plant revealed the presence of four alkaloids compounds (Palmatine, Columbamine, pseudo columbamine, Geraniin) and Five glycosides compounds (Geranioside A, Geranioside B, Quercetin 4-O-β -glucopyranoside, Quercetin 3-O-β -glucopyranoside, Kaempferol- β-glucopyranoside). These compounds showed differences in their concentrations between and within species studied where Geraniin showed the highest concentration 96.05 ppm in G.purpureum. The highest concentration of glycoside content was recorded by Quercetin 4-O-β – glucopyranoside in G.lucidum With a concentration of 268.54 ppm
Evaluation the Ozone Treatment To Control the Infection of Saprolegniasis in Cyprinus carpio L.
Authors: Mahmood Hamad Al-Shammari Sabah , Mustafa Sana’a A , Kane Ali M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The objective of present study is to set up an alternative method of controlling of saprolegniasis, in Cyprinus carpio L. using ozone. For this purpose, six different treatments were applied of 120 fish (20 fish/treatment), of which three infected with Saprolegnia spp. (2×104 zoospors/l) and were treated with ozone (O3) in concentrations of 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 mg l−1 (1hour), one reference treatment with formalin (0.15 ml l−1, 30 min), two treatments one as positive control (infected with Saprolegnia spp. without disinfectants) and one as negative control without any disinfectants. After 14 days of treatment with ozone and formalin, blood samples were collected from fish for hematological, biochemical and Immunological tests. Survival rate was also studied. Considerable changes have been recorded in the mean values of blood indices. RBCs count and Hemoglobin content, were found significantly increased (p<0.05) in all ozone treatments compared to C- group. Total protein and globulin were significantly increased (p<0.05) in all ozone and formalin treatments in comparison to positive and negative groups (C- and C+). Albumin showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in all ozone and formalin treatments relative to C+ and C-group. The results of respiratory burst activity (measured by Nitro blue tetrazolium reduction assay) showed significantly different (p<0.05) in all ozone and formalin treatments respectively compared to control groups (C+ and C-); Highest respiratory activity was observed in ozone treatment at 0.50 mg/l. Among Ozone treatments 0.50 mg l−1 showed the highest survival rate (90%) followed by formalin treatment (80%). Survival rate of the control group (without disinfectant) was 20% and there was a significant difference (P<0.05) with other treatments. It was obvious that the obtained results were highly suggestive for the efficiency of ozone as an efficient antifungal disinfectant for fish.
Effect of low dose vitamin C on public speaking stress during group presentation
Authors: Al-fahham Ali A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Vitamin C ascorbic acid is a well-known antioxidant that is involved in anxiety, stress, depression, fatigue and mood state in humans. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of vitamin C on decreasing the level of public speaking stress in term of heart rate, blood pressure and stress assessment. A purposive sample of (45) were included in this randomized placebo-placebo trial study, that was conducted at Faculty of nursing / university of Kufa. Public speaking stress was determined by a questionnaire scale developed from (public speaking anxiety scale). Study group included volunteer students who took a dose of 500 mg a day of vitamin C for one week before a group presentation, while the placebo group is given a placebo before one week of before a group presentation. The result indicated that the blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) before presentation between the two groups ( student group and placebo) was not significantly different. In relation to heart rate, a significant decrease (p< 0.05) was recorded in student group as compared to placebo. The student group has recorded significant difference in many items of stress assessment when comparing to placebo (e.g. increase of heart rate, dry mouth, GIT cramps and anxiety due to fear from failure). The assessment of presentation stress between the two groups (student group and placebo) was determined by means of scores. The results revealed that there is a significant difference (P< 0.05) in presentation stress between student group and placebo group. It was concluded that student group which took 500 mg vitamin C for one week express less presentation stress. The most stress signs that has been improved by vitamin C intake are: increase of heart rate, dry mouth, GIT cramps and anxiety due to fear from failure.
The phenotypic and genetic characterization of some virulence factors in MRSA isolated from burn patients
Authors: Mayar Hezam Abbas 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The present study aimed to the phenotypic and genetic detection of some virulence factors in Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from burn patients. from a total of 38 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, 15(39.4%) isolates of MRSA were collected from the patients in Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital during the period from June to October, 2018 in AL-Diwaniyah City. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected by using chrom agar MRSA and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), 15 isolates (39.4%) reported resistance to methicillin antibiotic.In addition, phenotypic detection of the ability of MRSA to produce the ß-lactamase enzymes using rapid iodometric method and its ability to form the biofilm was determined by using the tube method, The results showed 15(100%) MRSA isolates were able to produce ß-lactamase enzymes and 14 (93.3%) MRSA isolates were able to biofilm production. On the other hand, All MRSA isolates were tested by using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to detection of some virulence factors genes, which include coa gene encoding production of coagulase, icaA gene encoding for biofilm production and blaZ gene encoding for the ß-lactamase enzymes. PCR results showed that MRSA isolates were posses blaZ gene (100%), icaA gene (93.3%) and coa gene (86.6%).
Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii from Stray Cats by Multilocus PCR-RFLP Techniques in Erbil city -Kurdistan Region/Iraq.
Authors: Mawlood Hemdad H , Mero Wijdan M S , Bapeer Younis A A , Su Chunlei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this study, ten multilocus PCR-RFLP markers were used for genotyping of T. gondii in six cats; that were seropositive by MAT test. These markers include SAG1, SAG2 (5-SAG2, 3-SAG2 and Alt.SAG2), SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1 and Apico. Eight T. gondii reference strains (GT1, PTG, CTG, TgCgCa1, MAS, TgCatBr5, TgCatBr64 and TgToucan) were used as positive controls for genotyping. Sample A20-1 was type III by one marker (GRA6), while sample A9-2 was type III by four markers (SAG3, BTUB, c22-8 and c29-2) and sample A20-2 was type III by four markers (SAG1, SAG3, BTUB and c29-2). Hence, it could be concluded that the strain of T. gondii in Kurdistan stray cats is likely the type III.
Protozoa Infections and Celiac disease: Relationship and hematological study among children under five years
Authors: Khalaf Ali Jaafar , Abed Mohsin AL-Haboobi Zainab , Ali Khesbak Ahmed , Sahib Hadi Sadiq 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The aims of this study was concerned on the evaluation the etiology of diarrhea (parasitic (E. histolytica and G. lamblia) and Celiac disease in children under five years and its effectiveness on the some laboratory investigations which is the complete blood picture (CBP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP), the sero-prevalence of celiac disease; in which two types of autoantibodies was studied, anti-gliadin (IgG and IgA), and anti-tissutransglutaminase (IgG and IgA); A total of 67 children with diarrhea have been diagnostic, E. histolytica recorded the largest group 36 sample followed by G. lamblia 23 sample, and Sero-positive celiac disease only 8 children. the E. histolytica was mostly at 4-5 years (36.1%) and G. lamblia was mostly in age 1-2 and 2-3 years (30.4%). we found that most of neutrophilia and eosinophilia cases were in E. histolytica and G. lamblia. Hemoglobin concentration show a significant decrease in patients with diarrhea. Abnormal ESR and CRP titer reading has been in shows higher mean values with E. histolytica and Sero-positive celiac disease then followed by G. lamblia.