bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What is the impact of radical hysterectomy on endometrial cancer with cervical involvement?
Authors: Barquet-Muñoz Salim Abraham , Cantú-de-León David , Bandala-Jacques Antonio , González-Enciso Aarón , Isla-Ortiz David , Prada Diddier , Herrera Luis A. , Salcedo-Hernández R. A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
When endometrial carcinoma invades the cervical stroma, overall survival and disease-free survival decrease. However, it is still controversial whether patients in suspected stage II should be treated with radical hysterectomy. The goal of this study is to describe the role of radical hysterectomy in patients with endometrial carcinoma and cervical involvement.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study were a total of 239 patients with endometrial carcinoma with cervical involvement from Mexico City’s National Cancer Institute were divided according to the type of hysterectomy, and the outcomes were compared using statistical analysis.

Results
The 5-year overall survival was 75.76% for the simple hysterectomy group and 89.19% for the radical hysterectomy group, without achieving statistical significance. The 5-year disease-free survival was 72.95% for the simple hysterectomy group and 64.31% for the radical hysterectomy group, without achieving statistical significance. Radicality was associated with longer surgical times, intraoperative complications, and bleeding over 500 ml.

Conclusions
In patients with endometrial carcinoma with cervical involvement, radical hysterectomy does not improve prognosis or alter adjuvant therapy.
On phase change and latent heat models in metal additive manufacturing process simulation
Authors: Proell Sebastian D. , Wall Wolfgang A. , Meier Christoph 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis work proposes an extension of phase change and latent heat models for the simulation of metal powder bed fusion additive manufacturing processes on the macroscale and compares different models with respect to accuracy and numerical efficiency. Specifically, a systematic formulation of phase fraction variables is proposed relying either on temperature- or enthalpy-based interpolation schemes. Moreover, two well-known schemes for the numerical treatment of latent heat, namely the apparent capacity and the so-called heat integration scheme, are critically reviewed and compared with respect to numerical efficiency and overall accuracy. Eventually, a novel variant of the heat integration scheme is proposed that allows to directly control efficiency and accuracy by means of a user-defined tolerance. Depending on the chosen tolerance, it is shown that this novel approach offers increased numerical efficiency for a given level of accuracy or improved accuracy for a given level of numerical efficiency as compared to the apparent capacity and the original heat integration scheme. The investigation and comparison of all considered schemes is based on a series of numerical test cases that are representative for application scenarios in metal powder bed fusion additive manufacturing.
Cultural reproduction or cultural mobility? Unequal education achievement among Chinese college students
Authors: Zhu Bin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article investigates the influence of family class background on college students’ education achievement by using the Beijing College Students Panel Survey. Statistical analyses show that elite class offspring are more likely to form student cadres and have higher English proficiency but lower grades. One reason for lower grades is that they do not devote enough time and energy to school. Another reason, however, is that the effect of cultural capital is weakened in a subjective, standardized system of examination and evaluation. Moreover, cultural capital has a greater effect when combined with other resources, meaning that elite-class children benefit more from cultural capital, which is consistent with the cultural reproduction theory.
Evaluating anthracycline cardiotoxicity associated single nucleotide polymorphisms in a paediatric cohort with early onset cardiomyopathy
Authors: McOwan Timothy N. , Craig Lauren A. , Tripdayonis Anne , Karavendzas Kathy , Cheung Michael M. , Porrello Enzo R. , Conyers Rachel , Elliott David A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Anthracyclines are a mainstay of chemotherapy. However, a relatively frequent adverse outcome of anthracycline treatment is cardiomyopathy. Multiple genetic studies have begun to dissect the complex genetics underlying cardiac sensitivity to the anthracycline drug class. A number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified to be in linkage disequilibrium with anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity in paediatric populations.

Methods
Here we screened for the presence of SNPs resulting in a missense coding change in a cohort of children with early onset chemotherapy related cardiomyopathy. The SNP identity was evaluated by Sanger sequencing of PCR amplicons from genomic DNA of patients with anthracycline related cardiac dysfunction.

Results
All of the published SNPs were observed within our patient group. There was no correlation between the number of missense variants an individual carried with severity of disease. Furthermore, the time to cardiac disease onset post-treatment was not greater in those individuals carrying a high load of SNPs resulting from missense variants.

Conclusions
We conclude that previously identified missense SNPs are present within a paediatric cohort with early onset heart damage induced by anthracyclines. However, these SNPs require further replication cohorts and functional validation before being deployed to assess anthracycline cardiotoxicity risk in the clinic.
Correlation between modified CT severity index and retroperitoneal extension using the interfascial planes in the grading of clinically suspected acute severe pancreatitis
Authors: Mohey Nesreen , Hassan Tamir A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
This prospective study was conducted between January 2015 and June 2018 and included 50 patients (mean age of 52.12 ± 2.0 years), all presented with acute pancreatitis and admitted to the ICU 1–3 days after the onset. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT, and images are evaluated by 2 independent radiologists for the modified CTSI parameters and retroperitoneal extension parameters to detect the severity of pancreatitis. The aim of this study is to compare the results of the modified CT severity index and retroperitoneal interfascial extension CT grading system in the grading of the severity of acute pancreatitis and compare both grading systems to the clinical course of the disease and its complications.

Results
Both grading systems show a statistical significant correlation in terms of the length of hospital stay, the need for interventions, and the development of organ failure.

Conclusion
In conclusion, a good correlation was observed between the modified CTSI and retroperitoneal extension grading systems in grading the severity of acute pancreatitis. We think that we can apply Ishikawa et al. grading system as a prognostic indicator if there is a contraindication to contrast administration.
Understanding Concomitant Physical and Chemical Transformations of Simvastatin During Dry Ball Milling
Authors: Modhave Dattatray , Saraf Isha , Karn Anjali , Paudel Amrit 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe present study investigates concomitant processes of solid-state disordering and oxidation of simvastatin during milling. The separate dry ball milling of crystalline and amorphous powders of simvastatin were conducted at ambient temperature for 10 and 60 min each. The relative crystallinity was determined using X-ray scattering and oxidative degradation was analyzed using liquid chromatography. The physical and chemical transformations in the milled powder were evaluated using modulated differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The disordering during milling of the crystalline powder was found to progressively decrease the crystallinity. For the amorphous starting material, milling for 10 min induced a large extent of recrystallization, while milling for 60 min largely re-amorphized the powder. This solid-state disordering and/or ordering were accompanied by progressive air oxidation during milling. The infrared spectroscopic analysis revealed the molecular manifestations associated with the physicochemical transformations in the disordered solid states. The melting point of simvastatin depressed systematically with the increase in the degree of disorder as well as the degradation. The in situ cooling in DSC of milled samples from their molten state led to the formation of the co-amorphous phase between the drug and degradation products, which showed a consistent increase in glass transition temperature with the increase in the content of degradation products. The study overall demonstrates the solid-state re-ordering and disordering of crystalline and amorphous simvastatin accompanied by chemical degradation as the consequence of the mechano-activation.
Perfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure Early In Pregnancy Was Negatively Associated With Late Pregnancy Cortisone Levels
Authors: Dreyer Anja Fenger , Jensen Richard Christian , Glintborg Dorte , Schmedes Anne Vibeke , Brandslund Ivan , Nielsen Flemming , Kyhl Henriette Boye , Jensen Tina Kold , Andersen Marianne Skovsager 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionDuring pregnancy, maternal cortisol levels are increased 3-fold by the third trimester. The enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD, isoforms 1 and 2) regulates the balance between cortisol and cortisone levels. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been reported to inhibit 11β-HSD1 and more potently 11β-HSD2, which could lead to reduced levels of cortisol and more extensively cortisone.AimThe aim of this work is to investigate a possible effect of early pregnancy PFAS exposure on late pregnancy activity of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 assessed by cortisol and cortisone levels in diurnal urine (dU) and blood samples.MethodsThis study is part of the prospective cohort study, Odense Child Cohort (OCC). A total of 1628 pregnant women had serum (S) concentrations of 5 PFAS (perfluorooctanoic acid [PFOA], perfluorooctane sulfonic acid [PFOS], perfluorohexane sulfonic acid [PFHxS], perfluorononanoic acid [PFNA], and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA)) measured in the first trimester (median gestational week, GW 11). dU cortisol and cortisone (n = 344) and S-cortisol (n = 1048) were measured in the third trimester (median GW 27).ResultsIn multiple regression analyses, a 2-fold increase in S-PFOS was significantly associated with lower dU-cortisone (β = –9.1%, P &lt; .05) and higher dU-cortisol/dU-cortisone (dU-C/C) (β = 9.3%, P &lt; .05). In crude models, a doubling in PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, and PFNA concentrations were associated with a significant increase in S-cortisol; however, these associations became insignificant after adjustment.ConclusionEarly pregnancy maternal S-PFAS were inversely associated with late pregnancy dU-cortisone, indicating reduced activity of 11β-HSD2.
American Indians Encounter the Bible
Authors: Vecsey Christopher 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article explores how Native Americans have received the Bible. Over the centuries some Indians have been inspired by the Bible, and some have been repelled by its long-standing place in colonization. The Christian invaders in the New World carried the Bible in their minds. It served as their inspiration, their justification, and their frame of reference as they encountered Indigenous peoples. In effect, the Bible was the template for exploration, conquest, identification of selves and others. The Christian invaders brought along or produced physical Bibles, which served their catechetical purposes, and in time they began to translate the Bible—in whole and in part—into American Indian languages. Therefore this article illustrates that to the present day Native Americans continue to receive the Bible actively and variously, attempting to fit it to their unfolding cultural stories. Ultimately, it has not lost its potency, nor have they lost their power to consider it on their own terms.
World(build)ing in Mohawk- and Seneca-Language Films
Authors: Kelsey Penelope 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This essay brings Zayin Cabot’s concept of “ecologies of participation” into conversation with contemporary Mohawk- and Seneca-language films and language revitalization movements. For Indigenous peoples, these participatory events are often interactive storying of worlds, whether told in film, social media, or oral tradition. As a particularly salient example, the essay considers Mohawk director Karahkwenhawi Zoe Hopkins’s adaptation of Star Wars: A New Hope in Star Wars Tsyorì:wat IV—Yonhská:neks (2013) in a comparative analysis with both the Navajo-language Star Wars: Episode IV and the Seneca-language films Kohgeh and Tših to highlight critical choices Karahkwenhawi makes in translation, both linguistic and visual, vis-à-vis settler colonial consumer culture. The essay concludes that her adaptation foregrounds supposed “advances” of Western technocratic capitalism; highlights the constructed, fallible, and ephemeral nature of these technologies; and potentiates other technologies and ecologies based in Mohawk ontologies.
Cdk8 is required for establishment of H3K27me3 and gene repression by Xist and mouse development
Authors: Postlmayr Andreas , Dumeau Charles Etienne , Wutz Anton 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
We previously identified the cyclin dependent kinase Cdk8 as a putative silencing factor for Xist. To investigate its role in X inactivation, we engineered a Cdk8 mutation in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) carrying an inducible system for studying Xist function. We found that Xist repressed X-linked genes at half of the expression level in Cdk8 mutant cells, whereas they were almost completely silenced in the controls. Lack of Cdk8 impaired Ezh2 recruitment and the establishment of histone H3 lysine 27 tri-methylation but not PRC1 recruitment by Xist. Transgenic expression of wild-type but not catalytically inactive Cdk8 restored efficient gene repression and PRC2 recruitment. Mutation of the paralogous kinase Cdk19 did not affect Xist function, and combined mutations of Cdk8 and Cdk19 resembled the Cdk8 mutation. In mice, a Cdk8 mutation caused post-implantation lethality. We observed that homozygous Cdk8 mutant female embryos showed a greater developmental delay than males on day 10.5. Together with the inefficient repression of X-linked genes in differentiating Cdk8 mutant female ESCs, these data show a requirement for Cdk8 in the initiation of X inactivation.
Diverse dystonin gene mutations cause distinct patterns of Dst isoform deficiency and phenotypic heterogeneity in D
ystonia musculorum mice
Authors: Yoshioka Nozomu , Kabata Yudai , Kuriyama Momona , Bizen Norihisa , Zhou Li , Tran Dang M. , Yano Masato , Yoshiki Atsushi , Ushiki Tatsuo , Sproule Thomas J. , Abe Riichiro , Takebayashi Hirohide 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Loss-of-function mutations in dystonin (DST) can cause hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 6 (HSAN-VI) or epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS). Recently, DST-related diseases were recognized to be more complex than previously thought because a patient exhibited both neurological and skin manifestations, whereas others display only one or the other. A single DST locus produces at least three major DST isoforms: DST-a (neuronal isoform), DST-b (muscular isoform) and DST-e (epithelial isoform). Dystonia musculorum (dt) mice, which have mutations in Dst, were originally identified as spontaneous mutants displaying neurological phenotypes. To reveal the mechanisms underlying the phenotypic heterogeneity of DST-related diseases, we investigated two mutant strains with different mutations: a spontaneous Dst mutant (Dstdt-23Rbrc mice) and a gene-trap mutant (DstGt mice). The Dstdt-23Rbrc allele possesses a nonsense mutation in an exon shared by all Dst isoforms. The DstGt allele is predicted to inactivate Dst-a and Dst-b isoforms but not Dst-e. There was a decrease in the levels of Dst-a mRNA in the neural tissue of both Dstdt-23Rbrc and DstGt homozygotes. Loss of sensory and autonomic nerve ends in the skin was observed in both Dstdt-23Rbrc and DstGt mice at postnatal stages. In contrast, Dst-e mRNA expression was reduced in the skin of Dstdt-23Rbrc mice but not in DstGt mice. Expression levels of Dst proteins in neural and cutaneous tissues correlated with Dst mRNAs. Because Dst-e encodes a structural protein in hemidesmosomes (HDs), we performed transmission electron microscopy. Lack of inner plaques and loss of keratin filament invasions underneath the HDs were observed in the basal keratinocytes of Dstdt-23Rbrc mice but not in those of DstGt mice; thus, the distinct phenotype of the skin of Dstdt-23Rbrc mice could be because of failure of Dst-e expression. These results indicate that distinct mutations within the Dst locus can cause different loss-of-function patterns among Dst isoforms, which accounts for the heterogeneous neural and skin phenotypes in dt mice and DST-related diseases.
Quantitative Mechanochemical Methanation of CO2 with H2O in a Stainless Steel Ball Mill
Authors: Sawama Yoshinari , Niikawa Miki , Ban Kazuho , Park Kwihwan , Aibara Shin-yo , Itoh Miki , Sajiki Hironao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Herein, we achieved nearly quantitative and selective mechanochemical conversion of CO2 to CH4 in the presence of H2O mediated by collision and friction of stainless steel balls without external heating, revealing that this conversion involves the formation of metal carbonates and hydrogenation by H2 gas in situ generated from H2O.
MAIRS: Innovation of Molecular Orientation Analysis in a Thin Film
Authors: Hasegawa Takeshi , Shioya Nobutaka 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Multiple-angle incidence resolution spectrometry (MAIRS), originally developed in our group, is a unique spectroscopic technique for analyzing the structure of molecular aggregates in a thin film, which requires only the refractive index of the film for attaining an analytical accuracy of three significant digits. Since MAIRS is robust to the surface roughness of the film, rough films prepared by using the spin-coating, bar-coating, or drop-casting techniques can be analyzed with a good reproducibility. MAIRS makes the best use of a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry, which enables us to discuss molecular conformation, packing, polymorphs etc. as well as the molecular orientation. At the moment, MAIRS has two options, pMAIRS and MAIRS2. pMAIRS has already been established and the application is spreading. MAIRS2 is the newest technology, which frees us from FT-IR specific problems, that is to say, interference of water-vapor peaks and of optical fringes. In this review, the cutting-edge analytical technology of MAIRS is described comprehensively for convenience of both pMAIRS and MAIRS2 users.
To live and age as who we really are: Perspectives from older LGBT+ people in Ireland
Authors: Roe Lorna , Galvin Miriam , Booi Laura , Brandao Lenisa , Leon Salas Jorge , McGlinchey Eimear , Walrath Dana 
Published: May 2020

This Open Letter discusses the theme of ‘diversity in brain health’ in research, practice and policy for older LGBT+ people. It is written by a multidisciplinary group of Atlantic Fellows for Equity in Brain Health at the Global Brain Health Institute in Trinity College Dublin (TCD), from a variety of disciplines (health economics, human geography, anthropology, psychology, gerontology) and professions (researcher, clinicians, writers, practicing artists). The group developed a workshop to explore the theme of ‘Diversity and Brain Health’ through the lens of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender/transsexual plus (LGBT+). . Guided by two advisors (Prof Agnes Higgins, TCD; Mr Ciaran McKinney, Age and Opportunity), we invited older LGBT+ people and those interested in the topic of LGBT+ and ageing, healthcare providers, policy makers and interested members of the research community. We partnered with colleagues in the School of Law to include socio-legal perspectives. Following the workshop, Roe and Walrath wrote an opinion editorial, published in the Irish Times during the 2019 PRIDE festival, and were subsequently invited by HRB Open Research to provide a more detailed expansion of that work. In this Open Letter we describe the theme of ‘diversity and brain health’ and some of the lessons we learned from listening to the lived experience of older LGBT+ people in Ireland today. We illustrate why it’s important to understand the lived experience of older LGBT+ people and highlight the failure of the State to evaluate the experience of LGBT+ people in policy implementation. We call on researchers, clinicians, service planners and policy makers, to recognize and address diversity as an important way to address health inequities in Ireland.
Internet jako przestrzeń debaty na temat pluralizmu kulturowego
Authors: Woźniak Julita , Kopytowska Monika 
Published: May 2020

Internet as a Space for Debate on Cultural Pluralism. Perception of Online Hate Speech Targeted at Refugees/Economic Migrants
Being an online space where members of the society can freely and instantaneously exchange their opinions, the Internet has become an ultra-attractive site for extended socio-political debate. At the same time, however, anonymity and global accessibility have transformed it into a tool facilitating the spread of hateful and radical messages, in particular those exploiting religious, ethnic and cultural differences. While multiculturalism and the “Other” have long been the subject of public debate, within this new mediatized public sphere problems and controversies surrounding them have thus acquired a new dimension. What can be observed is increasing social acceptance of verbal abuse and aggression in online communication, especially when it comes to attacks levelled at various “Others”. The article discusses the problem of multiculturalism and otherness in the Polish context, legal definitions used by the EU in their judgments on online hate speech, as well as the perception of hate speech targeted at refugees and immigrants among Polish people (aged 18-35). Some of the findings presented here are based on analyses conducted within the European project C.O.N.T.A.C.T., exploring various aspects of hate speech and hate crime in ten EU countries.
Pomiędzy kolonializmem, imperializmem a globalizacją
Authors: Błahut-Prusik Jadwiga 
Published: May 2020

Between Colonialism, Imperialism and Globalization
The aim of the article is to share a view on today’s reality, it’s problems and threats from the prospect of colonialism and imperialism. The author seeks answers to the question to what extent, if any, colonialism and imperialism are still helpful to interpret the globalized world. In what manner shall we perceive the global reality as postcolonial and postimperial? The author attempts to prove that both imperialism and colonialism still have an impact on the postcolonial world.