bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Um Estudo Sobre o Matemático Português Pedro Nunes
Authors: Ferreira Denise Helena Lombardo , De Carvalho Tadeu Fernandes , De Oliveira Sandro Joel Mariano 
Published: June 2020

Trata-se de um artigo que tem por objetivo estudar as obras do matemático português Pedro Nunes, ou Petrus Nonius, destacando a obra intitulada Libro de Algebra em Arithmetica y Geometria. Para a elaboração deste trabalho foram usados informações e dados que se encontram disponíveis na internet e na literatura científica. Foram estudados os métodos de resolução de equações, para os quais Nunes usava tanto a álgebra quanto a geometria para suas demonstrações, além dos conhecimentos aprofundados dos livros de Euclides, os Elementos. Além disso, Nunes criou diversos instrumentos de medida, dentre os quais, anel náutico, instrumento de sombras e o nônio, mencionados neste trabalho.

Palavras-chave: Pedro Nunes. Álgebra. Geometria. Instrumentos de Navegação.

Abstract
It is an article that aims to study the works of the Portuguese mathematician Pedro Nunes, or Petrus Nonius, highlighting the work entitled Book of Algebra in Arithmetic and Geometry. For the elaboration of this work, information and data were used that are available in the internet and in the scientific literature. Methods for solving equations were studied, for which Nunes used both algebra and geometry for his demonstrations, as well as the in-depth knowledge of Euclid's books, the Elements. In addition, Nunes created several measuring instruments, among them, nautical ring, shadow instrument and the vernier, mentioned in this work.

Keywords: Pedro Nunes. Algebra. Geometry. Navigation instruments.
Una científica ilustrada que luchó por su visibilización: Madame de Châtelet=An enlightened woman scientist who fought for her visibility: Madame de Châtelet
Authors: Pérez González Lourdes 
Published: June 2020

ResumenA lo largo de la historia, los nombres y los hechos de mujeres fueron invisibilizados en todos los ámbitos por el patriarcado, que fue deformando la construcción científica y cultural, al dar por válidos y neutrales una historia y unos resultados sesgados y parciales. Los mecanismos para invisibilizar a las mujeres son múltiples: borrarlas, opacarlas minimizar su obra, tergiversar su vida, desvalorizar o robar su trabajo… La lucha por la visibilización suele ser un trabajo de recuperación a posteriori y es habitual que la propia mujer —siendo consciente de las dificultades que tenía en razón de su sexo— haya tratado de que su nombre no se extinguiera. Este es el caso de una mujer ilustrada, Madame de Châtelet, que en varias ocasiones reclamó, defendió y protegió su nombre como científica, frente a los que querían usurparle la autoría, marcando así un hito en la historia de las mujeres científicas.AbstractThroughout history, the names and facts of women were made invisible in all areas by the patriarchy, which deformed the scientific and cultural construction, by giving biased and partial results as valid and neutral. The mechanisms to make women invisible are multiple: erase them, overshadow them, minimize their work, misrepresent their lives, devalue or steal their work... The struggle for visibility is usually a post-recovery work and it is not usual that the woman herself — being aware of the difficulties she had because of her sex — to have tried that its name was not extinguished. This is the case of an enlightened woman, Madame de Châtelet, who repeatedly claimed, defended and protected her name as a scientist, against those who wanted to usurp her authorship, thus marking a milestone in the history of women scientists.
Desigualdad de género en las carreras STEM en el Uruguay. Construyendo cultura y registros: la experiencia en Institut Pasteur de Montevideo con InMujeres (Uruguay)=Gender inequality in STEM careers in Uruguay. Building culture and records: the experience at the Institut Pasteur de Montevideo with InMujeres (Uruguay)
Authors: Prieto-Echagüe Victoria 
Published: June 2020

ResumenEn el Uruguay la participación global en la investigación es paritaria, aunque las mujeres tienen una participación minoritaria en los ámbitos de decisión. Se reportan aquí indicadores para visibilizar el problema de desigualdad de género en la ciencia como un problema público. Se analizan las consecuencias y causas de este problema y se proponen lineamientos para una política pública de igualdad enfocada en atender las necesidades estratégicas de género. Finalmente, se describe la experiencia de un instituto de investigación con la aplicación de una herramienta de política pública de igualdad de género diseñada para promover cambios culturales en las organizaciones. Esta u otra herramienta auditable podría convertirse en un pilar fundamental de una política pública de igualdad en la ciencia. AbstractIn Uruguay, global participation of women in research is equal, although they do not have equal participation in decision-making spaces. Here I report inidcators that show a gap in women participation and visibilize a gender equality problem in science and academia. The consequences and causes of this problem are analyzed and guidelines are proposed for a public equality policy focused on addressing the strategic gender needs. Finally, I describe the experience of a research institute with the application of a gender equality public policy tool designed to promote and bring about cultural changes in organizations. This or a similar auditable tool could become a fundamental pillar for a public policy of equality in science.
La destrucción de la obra codificadora = The Destruction of the Coding Work
Authors: Bercovitz Rodríguez-Cano Rodrigo 
Published: June 2020

La competencia legislativa que la Constitución permite a las Comunidades Autónomas con propio derecho civil para desarrollarlo requiere que el desarrollo esté justificado por los principios peculiares de aquél y por tener una conexión con su contenido normativo previo. Lo que determina que ese desarrollo legislativo no puede ser ilimitado. Tal es la doctrina del Tribunal Constitucional al interpretar el artículo 149.1.8 de la Constitución. El propio Tribunal ha venido aplicando dicha doctrina con poco rigor. Pero su Sentencia 132/2019 prescinde de esa doctrina, a pesar de que aparenta respetarla, al admitir la competencia legislativa de la Comunidad Autónoma de Cataluña para regular todo tipo de contratos, sin que la competencia exclusiva del Estado para regular las bases de las obligaciones contractuales pueda impedirlo. Con lo que se permite que las Comunidades Autónomas con propio derecho civil lo desarrollen ilimitadamente, prescindiendo del valor y del significado de nuestro Código Civil. The legislative competence that de Constitution allows the Autonomous Communities with their own civil law to develop it requires that development be justified by its peculiar principles and by having a connection with its previous normative content. What determines that this legislative development cannot be unlimited. Such is the doctrine of the Constitutional Court when interpreting article 149.1.8 of the Constitution. The Court itself has been applying this doctrine with little rigor. But his Sentence 132/2019 disregards this doctrine, despite appearing to respect it, by admitting the legislative competence of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia to regulate all kinds of contracts, without the exclusive legislative competence of the state to regulate the bases of contractual obligations may prevent it. Thus the Autonomous Communities with their own civil law are allowed to develop it unlimitedly, regardless of the value and meaning of our Civil Code.
Incidence of complications following non-watertight dural reconstruction with a non-suturable, absorbable collagen matrix onlay graft in elective cranial surgery
Authors: Ali Asman , Saha Debadatta 
Published: June 2020

Background: Collagen matrices are effective duraplasty grafts with increasing acceptability. However, little evidences exits for dural reconstruction utilizing monolayer collagen matrix onlay graft in a non-watertight fashion. Purpose of our retrospective analysis was to advance our understanding of the use of semisynthetic collagen as dural substitute in elective cranial surgery.Methods: A consecutive series of sixty patients who underwent elective cranial surgery, where non-watertight dural reconstructions were done with a non-suturable, absorbable collagen matrix onlay graft, has been analysed retrospectively.Results: Overall, the most common indication for duraplasty was tumor resection (93.3%). CSF leak rate was 10.0%. Incidence of aseptic meningitis was 8.3% and all cases has been resolved with steroids alone. Similarly, postoperative surgical site infection rate was 8.3%. Incidence of pseudomeningocele in follow-up was 6.7%. Only in one case (1.7%), permanent CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) diversion was needed due to troublesome CSF leak with associated hydrocephalus.Conclusions: Semisynthetic, monolayer collagen matrix used as an onlay dural graft is a simple, yet an attractive alternative in duraplasty due to their easy handling, lower surgical time, and high biocompatibility, where primary dural closure is undesirable or not feasible. Our study provides greater insight into non-water tight duraplasty procedure. However, further study is needed to determine the optimal strategy for dural reconstruction. Data from this study may be used to compare alternative methods of dural reconstruction in elective cranial surgery.
Persistent adenoids and their secondary effects
Authors: Rangaiah Sowmya Tumkur , Bhat Vikram Kemmannu , Yadav Mona 
Published: June 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Regression of adenoids is assumed to be a physiological phenomenon at puberty. However, it has been found that it can persist well beyond adolescence into early adulthood, cascading a series of after effects in the upper respiratory tract that can cause considerable morbidity leading to public health problems. This study aimed to explore the clinicopathological features of persistent adenoids and their secondary effects on the upper respiratory tract.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a prospective controlled study of 100 eligible patients in the age group of 15-60 years presenting with enlarged adenoids confirmed by nasal endoscopy. Equal number of controls without enlarged adenoids was also taken. Both the groups were evaluated for secondary effects like chronic rhinosinusitis, otitis media with effusion, chronic otitis media and Eustachian tube dysfunction. The relationship between adenoid enlargement in adults and secondary effects was analysed statistically. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Seventy-seven patients with persistent adenoids had some or the other secondary effect. Eustachian tube dysfunction was present in 21, otitis media with effusion in 10, chronic otitis media in 29 and chronic rhinosinusitis in 33. In the control group only 46 had secondary effects. The association between the presence of adenoids and secondary effects was statistically significant.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Adenoids can persist into early adulthood and majority of them can have secondary effects. Chronic rhinosinusitis was the commonest in this study. Careful evaluation by means of nasal endoscopy is required to identify them. This is crucial for the timely treatment of this condition in order to prevent the associated secondary effects.</p>
Growing incidence of fungal flora in mucosal chronic otitis media
Authors: Singh Priyanka , Gupta Ankur , Sen Kanwar 
Published: June 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic otitis media (COM) is commonly encountered chronic inflammation of the middle ear cleft caused by dysfunction of Eustachian tube followed by microbial infection. Fungal infections superimposed over COM are suspected when the discharging ear does not respond to the local antibiotic ear drops. Many authors have focused their attention on the bacterial flora of COM but very little is known about the mycological aspects.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Ear discharge or scrapings of debris were collected from one hundred patients of active mucosal COM in whom discharge persists after two weeks of medical management and sent to the microbiology laboratory for microscopic examination and fungal culture. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Fifty seven percent cases had positive fungal KOH mount whereas fungal culture demonstrated Aspergillus flavus in 15 cases, Aspergillus niger in 38 cases and Candida albicans in 4 cases. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We conclude that the fungal isolation rate is very high among the patients who did not respond to antibiotic therapy and therefore, culture and sensitivity of discharge and removal of the focus of infection should be sought before using topical drops in cases of persistent otorrhoea.</p>
Vitamin D3 levels in allergic rhinitis: a case control study from South Karnataka
Authors: Bhat Vinay S. , A. Anupama 
Published: June 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disorder seen in routine otolaryngology practice. There has been an increased interest in researchers worldwide regarding role of vitamin D3 in pathogenesis of allergy. This study intends to compare levels of vitamin D3 in patients with clinically diagnosed allergic rhinitis and subjects without allergic rhinitis. This study was conducted in rural South Karnataka where incidence of allergic rhinitis is on the rise. Main objective of this study was to assess vitamin D3 levels in patients with clinically diagnosed AR and compare it with vitamin D3 levels in control group where normal subjects were included.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Total of 100 patients were included in this study. Case group comprised of 50 patients clinically diagnosed as AR and control group comprised 50 subjects without any symptoms of AR. All the patients underwent serum vitamin D3 estimation. Other parameters such as age, gender, occupation (outdoor vs indoor) and region of residence (urban vs rural) were also compared between the groups. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> This study did not find significant difference between two groups when all the parameters compared. Significant number of study subjects both in case and control group were found to be either deficient or inadequate in vitamin D3 levels.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> we did not find significant difference in vitamin D3 levels between cases and controls. Further studies with bigger sample size and robust study design may throw more light on association of vitamin D3 with AR.
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF CHARACTER FOR THE MILLENNIAL GENERATION THROUGH MORAL THERAPY: A STUDY OF THE NAZAM AZKIYA’ MANUSCRIPT
Authors: Kurnia Firmansyah Eka , Nurhayati Mamun Titin , Kosasih Ade 
Published: June 2020

Purpose of the study: This research focused on the development of character for the millennial generation through moral therapy as can be found in the manuscript Nazam Azkiya’. Additionally, various teachings and guidance of the Wali were discussed in fostering the morals contained in the manuscript. This article also described the moral therapy and the form of teachings and guidance for peace seekers by exploring the values contained in these teachings and guidance.
Methodology: The method used in this research is detailed verification, using ex post facto and survey approaches employed to investigate the phenomena such that values ​​can be analyzed extensively.
Main Findings: The results of the data analysis show that the condition of moral values and character of the millennial generation are in the high category, so are the social, environmental, and religious conditions. Therefore, the character building of the Millennial generation by employing a system of moral therapy based on the teachings of the Wali in the Nazam Azkiya manuscript is by first, instilling religious norms from an early age. Second, teaching the importance of courtesy. Third, instilling family values since childhood. Fourth, sharpening their will and drive. Fifth, familiarising them in socializing.
Applications of the study: The findings of this research could be used as a form of study and particularly towards the development of knowledge on tasawuf manuscripts and moral education. Furthermore, this article is expected to be used as a reference for scholars in applying knowledge in social life and enrich insights that are useful for the development of science. The expected outcome of this moral therapy is a change in the millennial’s attitude and character towards a better and more responsible individual.
Novelty/Originality of the current study: This therapeutic system is the development of character for the Millennial generation, mainly in instilling intelligence, virtue and moral character, beneficial to others, can use gadgets and technology appropriately and according to their functions. Additionally, the Millennial generation should always be accompanied by religious teachings that can shape them into individuals with good disposition and morality.
Teachers’ role in curriculum implementation at primary and secondary schools of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Kelkay Asrat Dagnew 
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate teachers' role in curriculum implementation at primary and secondary school of Addis Ababa. Descriptive survey study was carried out at primary and secondary schools.64 department heads and 64 teachers were randomly selected in the schools. Mixed approach of quantitative and qualitative study was employed. A sample of four primary schools and four secondary schools were selected at random from Addis Ababa. Through the use of questionnaire data were collected from members of the curriculum committee and teachers in the respective schools. The findings from the data revealed that the role of teachers in curriculum implementation is ineffective due to various reasons among which shortage of materials and studentsâ€™ problems are worth noting. Lack of adequate curriculum materials have encountered teachers to bring about the required changes in the behavior of students through the provision of various activities and experiences. On the basis of the finding, it was recommended to combat the problem by providing the means and materials for schools. The school should develop the culture of organizing the efforts of teachers and students to generate fund and promote self-sufficiency in the long run. Further, deep investigation was recommended to screen out the essence of the problem from its root.
Keywords: Curriculum implementation, primary school, secondary school, teachers
Trend of income inequality in Asia and effects of education
Authors: Park Kang 
Published: June 2020

This study considers how education and globalization affect income inequality in Asia, with the unbalanced panel data. The evidence supports the validity of Kuznets inverted-U hypothesis for the connection between the income level and income inequality. However, when more variables are integrated into the model, the consistency of inverse U-shaped curve becomes weaker. The empirical results suggest that educational variables are highly influential in affecting income distribution. Our analysis indicates that a higher level of education achieved by the population aged 15 and over has improved income distribution in Asia, while educational inequality, measured by the educational Gini, has a negative effect on income distribution. Higher levels of globalization are correlated with higher levels of income inequality, while freedom, either political or economic, has marginal effects on the level of inequity in income distribution.
Key words: Education inequality, globalisation, income inequality
Revista IDI+ Volumen 2. Número 2. 2019
Authors: Mora Guzmán Katherine , González-Quirós Josué , Hidalgo-Arce Felipe , Navarro-Morera Karin , Ríos-Hidalgo María Fernanda , Estrada-Ortiz Elia , Gamboa-Salas Tiffany , Szternberg Denise , Warrin-Browxn Antonia , Hurtado-Aguirre Esteban , Moya-Ortiz Gabriel , Rodríguez-Vivas Adán , Ramírez-Ramírez Camilo , Bermúdez-Koumineva Emilio , Cantillo-Pérez Marco Antonio , Montealegre-Aguilar Gloriana , Rojas-Villafuerte Stephanie , Ulloa-Ovares Eduardo , Barrantes-Gamboa Pilar , Linares-Ramírez Maricruz , Berman-Fernández Lior 
Published: June 2020

Revista IDI+ Volumen 2 Número 2
Número completo
BIOCOM, diseño de una solución eco amigable e inteligente para el manejo de residuos orgánicos en el hogar
Authors: Estrada-Ortiz Elia , Gamboa-Salas Tiffany , Szternberg Denise , Warrin-Browxn Antonia 
Published: June 2020

BIOCOM es un proyecto que consiste en la creación de un sistema de productos ecoamigables, asistido por la tecnología, que acompañan a los usuarios en la realización de actividades de compostaje y microplantaciones en el interior de sus hogares.
Para ambos sistemas inteligentes se construyó un prototipo; cada uno cuenta con recursos tecnológicos, como sensores de temperatura y humedad, alertas, iluminación guiada por el fotoperiodo y mecanismos automatizados para la realización de la composta.
BIOCOM utiliza el método de compostaje Takakura, el cual se basa en la descomposición de residuos orgánicos por medio de microorganismos; dichos residuos se pueden destinar a la agricultura para enriquecer el suelo. A través de los prototipos se buscó brindar una solución práctica a la actual problemática del posuso de los residuos orgánicos que afectan de manera negativa al medio ambiente.
Analisis Biaya Pengobatan Pasien Diagnosa Demam Tifoid di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Dr Soedarso Pontianak Tahun 2018
Authors: Puspasari Heny , Suryaningrat Dani , Rizky Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

Pendahuluan: Demam Tifoid merupakan penyakit saluran pencernaan yang endemik di Indonesia. Hal ini karena biaya perawatan kesehatan, terutama biaya obat-obatan telah meningkat tajam dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, sehingga penting untuk dilakukan studi biaya penyakit ini untuk memperbarui informasi terkait biaya kepada penyedia layanan kesehatan dan pembuat kebijakan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jenis obat, lama waktu pengobatan, dan biaya pengobatan pasien demam tifoid di instalasi rawat inap RSUD Dr. Soedarso. Metode: Penelitian analisis deskriptif biaya langsung (direct cost) dengan pengambilan data retrospektif dilakukan berdasarkan data rekam medik dan catatan pembiayaan pasien. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis obat yang paling banyak digunakan adalah golongan antibiotik tiamfenikol (8 pasien atau 19,51%) dan cefiksime (6 pasien atau 14,63%) dari 41 pasien. Kebanyakan pasien mendapat perawatan dengan lama 6 hari (26,87% dari 11 pasien), dan waktu rawat inap terlama 9 (4,87 % dari 41 pasien). Komponen biaya terbesar adalah biaya rawat inap yaitu Rp. 37.400.300 dengan persentase 41,90 % dari total biaya Rp. 89.262.145 dan biaya terkecil yaitu biaya administrasi yaitu Rp. 5.323.000 dengan persentase 5,97% dari total biaya. Rata-rata biaya pengobatan per pasien BPJS Rp. 2.179.380 dan rata-rata biaya per pasien umum Rp. 2.228.669. Kesimpulan: Biaya pengobatan masih terbilang lebih murah dibandingkan dengan biaya pengobatan berdasarkan tarif dari pemerintah untuk klaim BPJS. Pengobatan yang digunakan juga sudah sesuai dengan algoritma terapi.