bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling an equivalent b‐value in diffusion‐weighted steady‐state free precession
Authors: Tendler Benjamin C. , Foxley Sean , Cottaar Michiel , Jbabdi Saad , Miller Karla L. 
Published: January 2020

PurposeDiffusion‐weighted steady‐state free precession (DW‐SSFP) is shown to provide a means to probe non‐Gaussian diffusion through manipulation of the flip angle. A framework is presented to define an effective b‐value in DW‐SSFP.TheoryThe DW‐SSFP signal is a summation of coherence pathways with different b‐values. The relative contribution of each pathway is dictated by the flip angle. This leads to an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) estimate that depends on the flip angle in non‐Gaussian diffusion regimes. By acquiring DW‐SSFP data at multiple flip angles and modeling the variation in ADC for a given form of non‐Gaussianity, the ADC can be estimated at a well‐defined effective b‐value.MethodsA gamma distribution is used to model non‐Gaussian diffusion, embedded in the Buxton signal model for DW‐SSFP. Monte‐Carlo simulations of non‐Gaussian diffusion in DW‐SSFP and diffusion‐weighted spin‐echo sequences are used to verify the proposed framework. Dependence of ADC on flip angle in DW‐SSFP is verified with experimental measurements in a whole, human postmortem brain.ResultsMonte‐Carlo simulations reveal excellent agreement between ADCs estimated with diffusion‐weighted spin‐echo and the proposed framework. Experimental ADC estimates vary as a function of flip angle over the corpus callosum of the postmortem brain, estimating the mean and standard deviation of the gamma distribution as mm2/s and mm2/s.ConclusionDW‐SSFP can be used to investigate non‐Gaussian diffusion by varying the flip angle. By fitting a model of non‐Gaussian diffusion, the ADC in DW‐SSFP can be estimated at an effective b‐value, comparable to more conventional diffusion sequences.
Impacts of logistics information on sales: Evidence from Alibaba
Authors: Luo Jifeng , Rong Ying , Zheng Huan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFacing fierce competition from rivals, sellers in online marketplaces are eager to improve their sales by delivering items faster and more reliably. Because logistics quality can be known only after a transaction, sellers must identify effective ways to communicate logistics information to consumers. Drawing on the accessibility‐diagnosticity framework, we theorize that the sales impacts of logistics information depend on its relative diagnostic value. Using data on 1493 items with 505,785 consumer reviews from an online marketplace, we examine how sales are affected by three information sources for logistics services: online word of mouth (WOM) about logistics, self‐reported logistics services, and expected delivery time. We use an instrumental variable method to address the endogeneity issue between sales and WOM. We find that, ceteris paribus, consumers give more weight to WOM about logistics and delivery time when they make purchase decisions but less weight to self‐reported logistics service. The effects of logistics information on sales are asymmetric for large and small sellers.
Inherently decoupled1H antennas and31P loops for metabolic imaging of liver metastasis at 7 T
Authors: Rivera Debra , Kalleveen Irene , de Castro Catalina Arteaga , van Laarhoven Hanneke , Klomp Dennis , van der Kemp Wybe , Stoker Jaap , Nederveen Aart 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHigh field 31P spectroscopy has thus far been limited to diffuse liver disease. Unlike lower field‐strength scanners, there is no body coil in the bore of the 7 T and despite inadequate penetration depth (<10 cm), surface coils are the current state‐of‐the‐art for acquiring anatomical images to support multinuclear studies. We present a system of proton antennas and phosphorus loops for 31P spectroscopy and provide the first ultrahigh‐field phosphorus metabolic imaging of a tumor in the abdomen. Herein we characterize the degree to which antennas are isolated from underlying loops. Next, we evaluate the penetration depth of the two antennas available during multinuclear examinations. Finally, we combine phosphorus spectroscopy (two loops) with parallel transmit imaging (eight antennas) in a patient. The loops and antennas are inherently decoupled (no added circuitry, <0.1% power coupling). The penetration depth of two antennas gives twice that of conventional loops. The liver and full axial slice of the abdomen were imaged with eight transmit/receive antennas using parallel transmit B1‐shimming to overcome image voids. Phosphorus spectroscopy from a liver metastasis resolved individual peaks for phosphocholine and phosphoethenalomine. Proton antennas are inherently decoupled from phosphorus loops. By using two proton antennas it is possible to perform region‐of‐interest image‐based shimming in over 80% of the liver volume, thereby enabling phosphorus spectroscopy of localized disease. Shimming of the full extent of the abdominal cross‐section is feasible using a parallel transmit array of eight antennas. A system architecture capable of supporting eight‐channel parallel transmit and multinuclear spectroscopy is optimal for supporting multiparametric body imaging, including metabolic imaging, for monitoring the response of patients with liver metastases to cancer treatments and for patient risk stratification. In the meantime, the existing infrastructure using two antennas is sufficient for preliminary studies in metabolic imaging of tumors in the liver.
Caring from the heart as belonging—The basis for mediating compassion
Authors: Hemberg Jessica , Wiklund Gustin Lena 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to illuminate nurses’ experiences of mediating compassion to patients in the home care context.DesignA phenomenological–hermeneutical approach was used.MethodsThe data comprised of texts from interviews with 12 nurses in a home care context. Informed consent was sought from participants regarding participation in the study and the storage and handling of data for research purposes.ResultsFour themes were seen: Encountering one another as human beings, Being in the moment, Bearing responsibility for the other and Being in a loving communion. The overall theme was Acting from one's inner ethos, heart of goodness and love. Mediating compassion as belonging can be interpreted as the “component” that holds the caring relationship together and unites the different levels of health as doing, being and becoming in the ontological health model. Further research should focus on revealing compassion from the perspective of patients.
The effect of aggregation of cured rubber particles on rheology of thermoplastic vulcanizates
Authors: Zohrevand Ahmad , Goharpey Fatemeh , Nasrollah Gavgani Jaber , Foudazi Reza 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this work, we study the effect of microstructure of rubber particle aggregates on linear and nonlinear viscoelastic properties of olefinic thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) based on ethylene‐propylene‐diene rubber (EPDM) and polypropylene (PP). TPVs samples with identical rubber content and different extent of rubber particle aggregation are prepared through dynamic vulcanization of PP/EPDM blends (conventional method) with different compositions as well as dilution of PP/EPDM 40/60 TPVs. Morphological observations show larger aggregates of cured rubber particles in the diluted samples (D) compared to the ones prepared by conventional method (B). The difference between the microstructures of the two series of samples decreases with increasing rubber content. Linear viscoelastic measurements demonstrate higher elastic modulus and dynamic viscosity at low frequency for D samples compared to B ones, representing the effect of aggregation of the dispersed rubber phase. The higher extent of aggregation in D samples also leads to a lower percolation threshold and smaller linear viscoelastic region. From fitting of a structure‐dependent model on the stress growth results, longer characteristic relaxation times are obtained for D samples due to the presence of rubber aggregates. Additionally, A higher degree of orientation and less contribution of rubber aggregate destruction are found under shear flow in D samples.
Parametric Time‐to‐Event Model for Acute Exacerbations in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Tang Fei , Weber Benjamin , Stowasser Susanne , Korell Julia 
Published: January 2020

We describe a parametric time‐to‐event model for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) exacerbations and identify predictors of exacerbation risk using data obtained for the tyrosine‐kinase inhibitor nintedanib in two phase III studies (INPULSIS‐1/2). Parametric survival analysis was performed on time to first exacerbation (censoring on day 372), with univariate analysis to select statistically significant covariates (P = 0.05). Multivariate covariate models were developed using stepwise covariate modeling with forward inclusion (P = 0.05) and backward elimination (P = 0.01). Sixty‐three first exacerbation events were reported across 1,061 subjects in the INPULSIS studies. Baseline and decline of forced vital capacity (FVC)/percent‐predicted FVC (%pFVC), supplemental oxygen use, baseline CO diffusing capacity and age were statistically significant in the univariate analysis. The final covariate model included decline in FVC to week 52, baseline %pFVC, supplemental oxygen use, and age. The developed model may be used to identify patients at high risk of IPF exacerbations and accelerate development of novel treatments.
Inferring atmospheric dynamics from aerosol observations in 4D‐Var
Authors: Zaplotnik Žiga , Žagar Nedjeljka , Benedetti Angela , Semane Noureddine 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis article explores the potential of aerosol observations to provide wind information in four‐dimensional variational data assimilation (4D‐Var). It is shown that the relative horizontal gradients, crucial for wind extraction from tracers, are on average greater for the aerosol mixing ratio than for the specific humidity, observations of which are known to provide significant information on the wind field. The potential of aerosols to infer atmospheric dynamics is investigated in the Tropics, where the wind information is most critical. An intermediate‐complexity incremental 4D‐Var system, the Moist Atmosphere Dynamics Data Assimilation Model (MADDAM), has been developed, with a forecast model that simulates most dominant processes involving moisture, aerosols, and dynamics: nonlinear advection, condensation, and wet deposition. The results of 4D‐Var experiments reveal a detrimental impact of saturation‐related nonlinearities and aerosol wet deposition on the extraction of wind from aerosol data. Fraternal‐twin experiments show about 30% smaller impact of aerosol data on the wind analysis compared with humidity data, mainly due to the greater aerosol observation error and suboptimal background‐error covariance model. However, the assimilation of aerosol data together with temperature and humidity observations shows significant added value for wind analyses.
Comparison of perioperative outcomes in robot‐assisted radical cystectomy and laparoscopic radical cystectomy
Authors: Zhang Shiwei , Lin Tingsheng , Zhang Qing , Zhang Shengjie , Liu Guangxiang , Ji Changwei , Guo Hongqian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo report perioperative outcomes in robot‐assisted radical cystectomy and laparoscopic radical cystectomy.Patients and MethodsBetween January 2010 and July 2019, 298 patients with bladder cancer underwent robotic‐assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) (n = 172) and laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) (n = 126) at our institution were enrolled in the retrospective study. The demographic, perioperative, and complication data were collected and analyzed.ResultsThe RARC group had less operative duration (P < .001), less blood loss (P < .001), lower transfusion rate (P < .05), and shorter hospital stay (P < .001) than the LRC group. The 90‐day readmission rate between the RARC and LRC group had no significant differences (P = .401). The 90‐day overall complication rates in the RARC group was much lower than the LRC group (P = .009). The 90‐day minor complication rates (Clavien‐Dindo grade ≤ IIA) between the RARC and LRC groups were similar (P = .274). The 90‐day major complication rates (Clavien‐Dindo grade ≥ IIIA) in the LRC group was higher than the RARC group (P = .022).ConclusionsThe RARC approach appears to offer some operative and perioperative benefits compared with the LRC approach. Larger, randomized studies are required to confirm these findings.
Therapeutic vascularization in regenerative medicine
Authors: Gianni-Barrera Roberto , Di Maggio Nunzia , Melly Ludovic , Burger Maximilian G. , Mujagic Edin , Gürke Lorenz , Schaefer Dirk J. , Banfi Andrea 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Therapeutic angiogenesis, that is, the generation of new vessels by delivery of specific factors, is required both for rapid vascularization of tissue-engineered constructs and to treat ischemic conditions. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the master regulator of angiogenesis. However, uncontrolled expression can lead to aberrant vascular growth and vascular tumors (angiomas). Major challenges to fully exploit VEGF potency for therapy include the need to precisely control in vivo distribution of growth factor dose and duration of expression. In fact, the therapeutic window of VEGF delivery depends on its amount in the microenvironment around each producing cell rather than on the total dose, since VEGF remains tightly bound to extracellular matrix (ECM). On the other hand, short-term expression of less than about 4 weeks leads to unstable vessels, which promptly regress following cessation of the angiogenic stimulus. Here, we will briefly overview some key aspects of the biology of VEGF and angiogenesis and discuss their therapeutic implications with a particular focus on approaches using gene therapy, genetically modified progenitors, and ECM engineering with recombinant factors. Lastly, we will present recent insights into the mechanisms that regulate vessel stabilization and the switch between normal and aberrant vascular growth after VEGF delivery, to identify novel molecular targets that may improve both safety and efficacy of therapeutic angiogenesis.

Significance statement The promotion of blood vessel growth for therapeutic purposes remains a challenge both for the treatment of ischemic conditions and the generation of functional tissue-engineered grafts. Physiological angiogenesis is a complex and highly concerted process. A fine understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of vascular growth needs to provide the biological basis for the design of rational therapeutic approaches.
The Research for Base‐Mediated Aerobic Oxidation of Benzoins to Benzils and Nitrogen Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Qiu Shanguang , Lei Yang , Wu Yi , Chen Yuxue , Wu Luyong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBase‐mediated aerobic oxidation of benzoin was investigated under air atmosphere with a series of weak inorganic or organic bases. Bases play a key role in this transformation. Several benzils were produced in good yields under this transition metal‐free process, and nitrogen heterocyclic compounds were also obtained via tandem reactions.
Pharmacological Activities of Novel Chromene Derivatives as Calcium/Calmodulin Dependent Protein Kinase IV (CAMKIV) Inhibitors
Authors: Alsharif Meshari A. , Khan Danish , Ahmed Naseem , Mukhtar Sayeed , Khan Parvez , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz , Almalki Abdulraheem S. A. , Obaid Rami J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCalcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IV (CAMKIV) phosphorylates various transcription activators and subsequently regulates cellular activities which triggered by CaMKK‐CAMKIV signalling. However, abnormal expression of CAMKIV is often associated with cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. We have synthesized and characterized a series of 3‐nitro‐2‐phenyl‐2H‐chromenes and tested their inhibition potential and binding affinity with the CAMKIV. Among the synthesised compounds, the IC50 value (50% of ATPase activity) for compounds D19 and D22 was observed as 12.22 ± 1.12 μM and 16.10 ± 1.30 μM respectively. The fluorescence binding and dot‐blot assay further complements inhibitory potential, indicating a better binding affinity. These compounds were tested against human cancerous cells (HepG2) and we observed a significant inhibition of cell viability, induced apoptosis and lowered tau‐phosphorylation. In cell viability studies, the IC50 values for compounds D19 and D22 was 18.33 ± 1.12 and 26.22 ± 1.30 μM respectively. These results suggested that the compounds D19 and D22 are non‐toxic to the normal cells and specifically inhibits the proliferation of cancerous cells.
Lewis Acid Promoted Cyclization of Acyclic Urea Derivatives to Quinazolinediones
Authors: Das Suman , Rawat Nidhi , Panda Tarun K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractQuinazolinediones have gained special interest among researchers as they are known to have many pharmacological and medicinal uses. Here, we report an efficient way to synthesize quinazolinediones through the cyclization of acyclic ureido‐benzoate esters, catalyzed by anhydrous zinc chloride under mild conditions. A series of quinazolinediones was synthesized in good yield by reacting the corresponding ureido‐benzoate esters using this protocol. The quinazolinedione products were characterized using NMR, IR, HRMS spectroscopy and single crystal x‐ray diffraction analysis. We also present here a most plausible mechanism for the cyclization reaction.
Employees' perceptions of their own and their supervisor's emotion recognition skills moderate emotional demands on psychological strain
Authors: Tucker Michelle K. , Jimmieson Nerina L. , Bordia Prashant 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis research builds on prior studies showing the role of employee emotion recognition in the stress process to be mixed and conflicting. As such, it was proposed that the extent to which employees' emotion recognition skills buffer or exacerbate emotional demands depends on the extent to which employees believe their supervisor also is skilled in emotion recognition. Two samples of Australian employees completed cross‐sectional questionnaires. Sample 1 consisted of 149 employees in a medical research institution, and Sample 2 consisted of 161 government employees in an equipment supplies and logistics service. A three‐way interaction among emotional demands, employee emotion recognition, and perceived supervisor emotion recognition was found on psychological strain in both samples and on job dissatisfaction in Sample 1. As predicted, when employee emotion recognition was high, those who perceived their supervisor to be high in emotion recognition were buffered from emotional demands. In contrast, stress‐exacerbating effects were found when employees were high in emotion recognition, but supervisors were perceived to be low in emotion recognition. Overall, these results highlight the importance of emotion recognition in the stress process, and that the same skill set needs to be perceived in one's supervisor, an interpersonal resource, for this intrapersonal resource to be adaptive for employees.
The effect of progressive muscle relaxation on the postpartum depression risk and general comfort levels in primiparas
Authors: Gökşin İlknur , Ayaz‐Alkaya Sultan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the postpartum period, mode of delivery, planned pregnancy, rapid changes in estrogen and progesterone hormone concentrations, quality of care, and environmental conditions affect the postpartum depression and comfort of the women. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) on the postpartum depression risk and general comfort levels in primiparas. A quasi‐experimental design was used with pretest, post‐test, and control group. The intervention and control groups consisted of 35 women each. PMR was applied to intervention group for 8 weeks. There was a statistically significant difference between Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale pretest and third follow‐up scores of the intervention group (p < .05). There was a statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups in the mean General Comfort Questionnaire scores at the first, second, and third follow‐ups (p < .05). PMR may be effective on decreasing the postpartum depression risk and increasing general comfort. PMR could be administered through home visits to help women in postpartum period cope with their mental health problems after discharge.
Secure and efficient data transfer using spreading and assimilation in MANET
Authors: Kausar Samina , Habib Muhammad , Shabir Muhammad Yasir , Ullah Ata , Xu Huahu , Mehmood Rashid , Bie Rongfang , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid 
Published: January 2020

SummaryMobile ad hoc Network (MANET) is a cluster of moveable devices connected through a wireless medium to design network with rapidly changing topologies due to mobility. MANETs are applicable in variety of innovative application scenarios where smart devices exchange data among each other. In this case, security of data is the major concern to provide dependable solution to users. This article presents a secure mechanism for data transfer where sender splits the data into fragments and receiver gets the actual data by assimilating the data fragments. We have presented an Enhanced Secured Lempel‐Ziv‐Welch (ES‐LZW) algorithm that provides cryptographic operations for secure data transfer. In proposed model, we have utilized the disjoint paths to transfer the data fragments from sender side and assimilate these fragments at receiver to get the original data. The messages containing data fragments are compressed and encrypted as well. Our scheme ensures confidentiality, integrity, efficient memory utilization, and resilience against node compromising attacks. We have validated our work through extensive simulations in NS‐2.35 using TCL and C language. Results prove that our scheme reduces memory consumption along with less encryption and decryption cost as compared to blowfish especially when plaintext has more repetitive data. We have also analyzed the impact of creating data fragments, fraction of communication compromised, and probability to compromise the data fragments by subverting intermediaries.