bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome sequence and adaptation of strain of the opportunistic pathogen Burkholderia glumae
Authors: Cui Zhouqi , Wang Sai , Kakar K. U. , Xie Guanlin , Li Bin , Zhu Bo , Guo Longbiao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Burkholderia glumae causes rice (Oryza sativa) bacterial panicle blight, which is an increasingly economically important disease worldwide. B. glumae can also be isolated from humans who suffer from chronic granulomatous disease. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying human pathogenesis by B. glumae remains rudimentary. Results: In this study, we report the complete genome sequence of the human-isolated B. glumae strain AU6208 and compare this to the genome of the plant-pathogenic B. glumae type strain LMG 2196T, which was isolated from rice. Analysis of the gene content and average nucleotide identity demonstrated 99.4% similarity between the human- and plant-pathogenic strains. However, the phenotypic results from this study suggest a history of niche adaptation and divergence. For example, AU6208 produces more exopolysaccharides and more readily forms biofilms compared with LMG 2196T. Consistent with this, the AU6208 genome encodes a UDP-galactopyranose mutase (BCAL3235), but LMG 2196T lacks this gene. In total, 44 genes were predicted to be horizontally transferred into AU6208, and most of these genes were upregulated in conditions that mimic clinical conditions. Among the horizontally transferred genes, the gene pair SbnABas encodes key enzymes in antibiotic biosynthesis. These results suggest that horizontal gene transfer in AU6208 may be responsible for selective advantages in its pathogenicity in humans. Conclusions: In summary, our analysis of the AU6208 genome and comparison with that of LMG 2196T reveal the evolutionary signatures of B. glumae in the process of switching niches from plants to humans. Our findings may shed light on strain and niche diversity in bacteria.
Using mobile phones to improve young people sexual and reproductive health in low and middle income countries: A systematic review
Authors: Feroz Anam , Ali Naureen Akber , Khoja Adeel , Hussain Armish , Saleem Sarah 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Globally, reproductive health programs have used mHealth to provide sexual and reproductive health (SRH) education and services to young people, through diverse communication channels. However, few attempts have been made to systematically review the mHealth programs targeted to improve young people SRH in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). This review aims to identify a range of different mHealth solutions which can be used for improving young people SRH in LMICs and highlight facilitators and barriers for adopting mHealth interventions designed to target SRH of young people. Methods: Databases including PubMed, CINAHL Plus, Science Direct, Cochrane and grey literature were searched between January 01, 2005 and March 31, 2018 to identify various types of mHealth interventions that are used to improve SRH services for young people in LMICs. Of 2,181 titles screened after duplication, 207 potentially relevant abstracts were obtained. Out of 207 abstracts, 70 abstracts were shortlisted. Full text of 70 studies were reviewed using a pre-defined data extraction sheet. A total of 11 full text studies were included in the final analysis. Results: The final 11studies were categorized into three main mHealth applications including; client education and behavior change communication, data collection and reporting and financial transactions and incentives. The most reported use of mHealth was for client education and behavior change communication [n = 10, 91%]. This categorization provided the understanding that the potential of other mHealth applications has yet to be explored. Most studies showed, that mHealth interventions have proven to be effective in improving SRH services and outcomes through addressing barriers of provider prejudice, stigmatization, discrimination, fear of refusal, lack of privacy and confidentiality. Yet, the review also identified barriers to uptake of mHealth interventions for SRH including decreased technological literacy, inferior network coverage, and lower linguistic competency. Conclusion: The review provides detailed information about the implementation of mobile phones at different levels of healthcare system for improving young people SRH outcomes. This systematic review recommends that barriers to uptake mHealth interventions be adequately addressed to increase the potential use of mobile phones for improving access to SRH awareness and services.
The Presence of Intraductal Carcinoma of The Prostate Is Closely Correlated with Poor Prognosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yucong , Sun Guoliang , Ma Delin , Wei Chao , Shang Haojie , Liu Zhuo , Li Rui , Wang Tao , Wang Shaogang , Liu Jihong , Liu Xiaming 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background We aimed to confirm the predictive ability of the presence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) on prognosis and association between IDC-P and clinicopathological parameters.Methods Literatures were identified in PubMed, Cochrane Library, etc. up to December 1st, 2019. Hazard ratio (HR) for survival data and odds ratio (OR) for clinicopathological data with 95% confidence interval (CI) were extracted. Heterogeneity was evaluated by I 2 value and quality assessment by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) criteria.Result A total of 4179 patients from 13 studies were included. The results showed IDC-P presence was significantly associated with poor progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 2.31; 95% CI 1.96 to 2.73), cancer-specific survival (CSS) (HR=1.89; 95% CI 1.28 to 2.77) and overall survival (OS) (HR=2.14; 95% CI 1.53 to 3.01). In subgroup analysis, IDC-P presence was significantly associated with poor PFS in prostate cancer treated by radical prostatectomy (RP) (HR = 2.48; 95% CI 2.05 to 3.00) and those by radiotherapy (RT) (HR=2.83; 95% CI 1.65 to 4.85). For clinicopathological characteristics, IDC-P present patients showed significantly higher tumor clinical stage, Gleason score and probability of lymph node invasive, positive surgical margin and positive extraprostatic extension.Conclusion Our meta-analysis indicates presence of IDC-P is closely correlated with poor prognosis and adverse clinicopathological characteristics. Our data support the value and clinical utility of routine detection of IDC-P by pathological examination. These conclusions need further validation and prospective studies are needed to find better treatment modalities for patients with IDC-P other than traditional first-line androgen deprivation therapy.
Luteal phase ovarian stimulation versus follicular phase ovarian stimulation results in different human cumulus cells gene expression: a pilot study
Authors: Lin Li-Te , Li Ju-Yueh , Tsui Kuan-Hao , Li Chia-Jung , Wang Peng-Hui , Wen Zhi-Hong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Physiologic elevated levels of progesterone in luteal phase can impede early-onset LH surge. However, the impact of high levels of progesterone on the oocyte or cumulus cells (CCs) remains indistinct. Therefore, the aim of study was to investigate the CCs gene expression between luteal phase ovarian stimulation (LPOS) and follicular phase ovarian stimulation (FPOS) in poor ovarian responders (PORs) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective non-randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03238833). A total of 36 PORs who conformed Bologna criteria and underwent IVF cycles were enrolled. 15 PORs were allocated to the LPOS group and 21 PORs were allocated to the FPOS group. Basic characteristics, cycle characteristics and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. Moreover, CCs genes regarding inflammation (CXCL1, CXCL3, TNF, PTGES), oxidative-phosphorylation (NDUFB7, NDUFA4L2, SLC25A27), apoptosis (DAPK3, BCL6B) and metabolism (PCK1, LDHC) were analyzed using real-time quantitative PCR between the two groups.
RESULTS: Basic characteristics and IVF outcomes were similar between the two groups except significantly high progesterone level in the LPOS group. The mRNA expression of CXCL1 and PTGES were significantly lower in the LPOS group than in the FPOS group ( p < 0.05). The LPOS group had significantly lower mRNA expression of NDUFB7 and NDUFA4L2 than the FPOS group ( p < 0.05). DAPK3 and BCL6B mRNA expression were significantly higher in the LPOS group compared to FPOS group ( p < 0.05). Increased expression of PCK1 and decreased expression of LDHC were observed in the LPOS group compared to the FPOS group. ( p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Compared to the FPOS, the LPOS seemed to reduce favorable inflammation and mitochondrial function, and induce apoptosis and abnormal glucose metabolism in CCs.
Safety and Efficacy of Fremanezumab for the Prevention of Migraine: a Meta-analysis from Random Clinical Trails
Authors: Gao Bixi , Sun Nan , Yang Yanbo , Sun Yue , Chen Mingjia , Chen Zhouqing , Wang Zhong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Fremanezumab (TEV-48125) is a fully humanized immunoglobulin G isotype 2a selective monoclonal antibody that potently binds to calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). It is one of novel therapeutic drugs for the prevention of migraine, which is one of the most common neurological diseases worldwide. Several clinical trails have been conducted to investigate the safety and efficacy of fremanezumab, but there is no systematic review of existing literature has been performed. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and safety of fremanezumab for prevention of migraine. Method Pubmed (MEDLINE), Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched from January 2001 to August 2019 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Five RCTs with 3379 patients were finally included in our study. Result We pooled 3379 patients from 5 RCTs, the primary endpoints were mean monthly migraine and headache days, baseline to week 12. We found that fremanezumab led to a significant reduction in migraine days (P < 0.0001) and headache days (P < 0.0001) during 12 weeks compared with placebo. In addition, after using fremanezumab, the risk of at least one adverse event (P=0.001) or related to the trail regimen (P=0.0005) significantly increase compared with placebo. Conclusions Fremanezumab has good efficacy for the prevention of migraine. The administration of fremanezumab can cause some mild adverse events but not serious adverse events.
Status of AI-enabled Clinical Decision Support Systems Clinical Implementations in China
Authors: Ji Mengting , Chen Xiaoyun , Genchev Georgi Z. , Xu Ting , Wei Mingyue , Yu Guangjun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAI-enabled Clinical Decision Support Systems (AI+CDSSs) were heralded to contribute greatly to the advancement of healthcare services. At present, there is an increased availability of monetary funds and technical expertise invested in projects and proposals targeting the building and implementation of such systems. Therefore, in this context of large funds and technical devotion, understanding the actual system implementation status in clinical practice is imperative. The objective of this research was to understand: 1) the current clinical implementations of AI+CDSSs in Chinese hospitals and 2) concerns regarding AI+CDSSs current and future implementations.MethodsA survey supported by the China Digital Medicine journal was performed. We employed stratified cluster sampling and investigated tertiary hospitals from 6 provinces and province-level cities. Descriptive analysis, two-sided Fisher exact test, and Mann-Whitney U-test were utilized for analysis. ResultsResponses were collected from 160 respondents. The analyzable response rate was 86.96%. Thirty-eight of the surveyed hospitals (23.75%) had implemented AI+CDSSs. There were statistical differences on grade, scales, and medical volume between the two groups of hospitals (implemented vs. not-implemented AI+CDSSs, p<0.05). On the 5-point Likert scale, 81.58% (31/38) of respondents rated their overall satisfaction with the systems as 3 to 4. The three most-common concerns were system functions improvement and integration into the clinical process, data quality and data sharing mechanism improvement, and methodological bias.ConclusionsWhile AI+CDSSs were not yet wide-spread in Chinese clinical settings, clinical professionals recognize the potential benefits and challenges regarding in-hospital AI+CDSSs.
Biomechanical and morphological changes of rabbit corneas under collagenase type II and negative pressure: three months follow-up observation
Authors: Chen Xinyan , Qin Xiao , Yu Mengyao , Zhang Haixia , Li Lin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate biomechanical and morphological changes of rabbit cornea ectasia induced by collagenase type II and negative pressure during 3 months after treatment.Method: Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were randomly and evenly arranged into three groups. In group NP, the corneas were continuously attracted by negative pressure with 500 mmHg for 30 min, treated by every other day, three times in total. In group CII, the corneal central zone was soaked in the collagenase type II solution (200 μL of 3 mg/ml) for 30 min. In group CP, the corneas were disposed as group CII firstly, then applied negative pressure as group NP for once after 5 days. All right eyes were treated as control eyes. Corneal morphology and biomechanical related parameters were observed in vivo once a week for three weeks after treatment and before execution. Histology and biomechanics were tested in vitro at the third month after treatment.Results: Corneal diopter and corneal central thickness (CCT) changed to some extent after treatment immediately as a result of negative pressure in group NP. Three months after treatment, their elastic modulus increased and the relaxation degree decreased compared with the control one. In Group CII, corneal diopter increased, CCT and CH decreased at the second week after treatment, which showed the characters of ectatic corneas. At the third month after treatment, elastic modulus (E L ) of the experimental eyes decreased slightly compared with the control eyes. Due to the large individual differences, there were no regular changes on experimental corneas in Group CP.Conclusions: Cornea socked with collagenase type II showed the obvious characteristics of ectatic cornea at the second week after treatment, but the characteristics disappeared gradually. Negative pressure can result in the change of corneal thickness and diopter in a short period of time, and the degree of swelling and duration are far less than Group CII, but the changes of biomechanical parameters are more obviously than Group CII.
Validation of Psoas Muscle Index as a predictor of successful extubation in elderly intensive care patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kobori Fumimasa , Azuma Kazunari , Mishima Shiro , Oda Jun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Extubation failure-associated factors haven't been investigated in elderly patients. We hypothesized that psoas cross-sectional area, an emerging indicator of frailty, can be a predictor of extubation outcomes. Methods This retrospective study analyzed data from patients admitted between January and April 2016 at the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Tokyo Medical University Hospital. Patients were considered eligible if aged ≥65 years, required intubation at the emergency room, and were admitted to ICU for <24 h. Overall, 39 ICU patients were eligible and categorized into two groups: extubation success (n = 24) and extubation failure (n = 15) groups. The psoas cross-sectional area was measured at the third lumbar level on computer tomography images. Regions of interest were drawn freehand to outline the left and right psoas by an emergency physician. The average left and right psoas cross-sectional areas, used as the patient’s psoas cross-sectional area, were calculated. Psoas Muscle Index (PMI) was defined as the psoas cross-sectional area/height 2 . Primary outcome was to evaluate differences between the psoas cross-sectional area and f(PMI) between the groups, if any. Secondary outcome was to derive cut-off values using ROC curves. Results Both groups were comparable in terms of demographic characteristics. Psoas cross-sectional area (success group, 1776.5 ± 498.2 mm 2 , failure group, 1391.2 ± 589.4 mm 2 ; p = 0.022) and PMI (success group, 1089 ± 270.7 mm 2 /m 2 , failure group, 889 ± 338.5 mm 2 /m 2 ; p = 0.032) were significantly greater in the success group than in the failure group. ROC curve of the psoas cross-sectional area and PMI were used to calculate sensitivity and speciﬁcity. ROC AUC was 0.74 for psoas cross-sectional area, and at a cut-off of 1260 points, the sensitivity, speciﬁcity, and positive and negative predictive values were 95.8%, 60.0%, 79.3%, and 90.0%, respectively. ROC AUC for PMI was 0.73, and at a cut-off of 812 points, the sensitivity, speciﬁcity, and positive and negative predictive values were 95.8%, 46.7%, 74.2%, and 87.5%, respectively. Conclusions The psoas cross-sectional area and PMI can predict extubation outcomes in elderly intensive care patients.
Use of minimally invasive surgery and therapies mitigating pulmonary arterial pressure and intraoperative blood loss may offer protection against cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury
Authors: Husain-Syed Faeq , Quattrone Maria Giovanna , Ferrari Fiorenza , Bezerra Pércia , Lopez-Giacoman Salvador , Danesi Tommaso Hinna , Samoni Sara , Cal Massimo de , Yücel Gökhan , Yazdani Babak , Seeger Werner , Walmrath Hans-Dieter , Birk Horst-Walter , Salvador Loris , Ronco Claudio 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We aimed to identify potentially modifiable risk factors for CSA-AKI. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study of 495 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery. AKI was diagnosed and staged using full KDIGO criteria incorporating baseline serum creatinine (SC) levels and correction of postoperative SC levels for fluid balance. We examined the association of routinely available clinical and laboratory data with AKI using multivariate logistic regression modeling. Results: A total of 103 (20.8%) patients developed AKI: 16 (15.5%) patients were diagnosed with AKI upon hospital admission, and 87 (84.5%) patients were diagnosed with CSA-AKI. Correction of SC levels for fluid balance increased the number of AKI cases to 104 (21.0%), with six patients categorized to different AKI stages. Univariate logistic regression analysis identified five preoperative (age, sex, diabetes mellitus, preoperative systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (PSPAP), acute decompensated heart failure) and five intraoperative predictors of AKI (age, sex, red blood cell (RBC) volume transfused, use of minimally invasive surgery, duration of cardiopulmonary bypass). When all preoperative and intraoperative variables were incorporated into one model, six predictors remained significant (age, sex, use of minimally invasive surgery, RBC volume transfused, PSPAP, duration of cardiopulmonary bypass). Model-discrimination performance showed an area under the curve of 0.69 for the model including only preoperative variables, 0.76 for the model including only intraoperative variables, and 0.77 for the model including all preoperative and intraoperative variables. Conclusions: Use of minimally invasive surgery and therapies mitigating PSPAP and intraoperative blood loss may offer protection against CSA-AKI. Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03102528)
Identification of zoonotic Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in pre-weaned Korean native calves
Authors: Hwang Sunwoo , Shin Seung-Uk , Kim SuHee , Ryu Ji-Hyoung , Choi Kyoung-Seong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common species of microsporidia that can infect humans and various animals worldwide. To date, information on the prevalence and genotypes of E. bieneusi infection in cattle in the Republic of Korea is limited. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and genotypes of E. bieneusi circulating in pre-weaned Korean native calves and determine the age pattern of E. bieneusi infection and the relationship between E. bieneusi and diarrhea. Results: The overall prevalence of E. bieneusi was 16.9% (53/314) in pre-weaned calves by PCR. The prevalence of E. bieneusi was the highest in September (36.2%), followed by March (28.3%). E. bieneusi infection (c 2 = 5.82, P = 0.016) was associated with diarrhea in calves. The present results indicated that E. bieneusi infection was statistically associated with calf age (c 2 = 11.61, P = 0.003); the prevalence of E. bieneusi was significantly higher in calves aged 21-40 days (odds ratio = 2.90, 95% confidence interval: 1.54-5.45; P = 0.001) than in those aged 1-20 days. Interestingly, E. bieneusi infection showed an association with diarrhea only in calves aged 1-20 days (c 2 = 5.82, P = 0.010). Five genotypes, BEB4 ( n = 12), BEB8 ( n = 23), CHN6 ( n = 1), I ( n = 1), and J ( n = 16), were identified, and all these genotypes belonged to Group 2. The genotype BEB8 was the most prevalent in all age groups regardless of diarrhea. On the other hand, the genotype I was identified only in one calf aged 10 days with diarrhea. Except for CHN6, the four other genotypes were mostly observed in cattle, and all of them have zoonotic potential. Conclusions: This is the first report of the genotypes BEB4 and CHN6 in pre-weaned Korean native calves. The results revealed the presence of zoonotic E. bieneusi in pre-weaned Korean native calves, demonstrating that cattle may play an important role as a reservoir host in E. bieneusi transmission to humans.
Relationship of Height and Weight to Maximum Safe Pedicle Screw Diameter in the Lumbar Spine
Authors: Lentz Jonathon , Albano Joseph , Stockton Robert , Ganz Maximillian , Lutsky Larry , Katsigiorgis Gus , Grewal Kanwarpaul 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Safely performing instrumented spinal fusion requires an intimate knowledge of anatomy and variations. Pedicle screw position and size have implications on intraoperative and post-operative complications. While pre-operative planning with Computed Tomography (CT) scan measurements may be the safest way to judge trajectory and maximal screw size, it is not standard practice for many spine surgeons. We investigated how height and weight correlated with PD. We hypothesized that these routinely obtained, non-invasive measurements would provide an easily referenced data point to aid in perioperative estimation of maximum safe pedicle screw diameter (MSPSD).Methods Coronal cuts of the lumbar spine were assessed to obtain transverse outer cortical PD as measured through the isthmus at lumbar vertebrae one through five. We assessed whether height, weight, and BMI significantly correlated with PD in our diverse population. Results Height and weight were found to significantly correlate with PD. Height explained roughly 10% of the variance in PD, weight explained only 3-4%, and BMI nearly 0%. There were significant differences in this theoretical safety profiles between the “Taller Height” and “Shorter Height” groups for the majority of pedicle screw sizes at L1 through L3. Significant differences between the populations at L4 and L5 were only seen for 8.0 mm screws at the L4 level. At L5, 100% of the “Taller Height” and “Shorter Height” subjects’ pedicles could safely accommodate pedicle screws up to 8.0 mm in diameter.Conclusions We previously reported on the significant difference in PD between different races. The results of this study provide yet another variable to be considered when making radiographic assessments of pedicle diameter.