bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis of targeted temperature management in animal models of cardiac arrest
Authors: Olai Hilmer , Thornéus Gustav , Watson Hannah , Macleod Malcolm , Rhodes Jonathan , Friberg Hans , Nielsen Niklas , Cronberg Tobias , Deierborg Tomas 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Targeted temperature management (TTM) of 32 to 34 °C has been the standard treatment for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest since clinical trials in 2002 indicated benefit on survival and neurological outcome. In 2013, a clinical trial showed no difference in outcome between TTM of 33 °C and TTM of 36 °C. In this meta-analysis, we investigate the evidence for TTM in animal models of cardiac arrest.

Methods
We searched PubMed and EMBASE for adult animal studies using TTM as a treatment in different models of cardiac arrest or global brain ischemia which reported neurobehavioural outcome, brain histology or mortality. We used a random effects model to calculate estimates of efficacy and assessed risk of bias using an adapted eight-item version of the Collaborative Approach to Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies (CAMARADES) quality checklist. We also used a scoring system based on the recommendations of the Stroke Treatment Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR), to assess the scope of testing in the field. Included studies which investigated a post-ischemic induction of TTM had their treatment regimens characterized with regard to depth, duration and time to treatment and scored against the modified STAIR criteria.

Results
The initial and updated search generated 17809 studies after duplicate removal. One hundred eighty-one studies met the inclusion criteria, including data from 1,787, 6,495 and 2,945 animals for neurobehavioural, histological and mortality outcomes, respectively. TTM was favoured compared to control for all outcomes. TTM was beneficial using short and prolonged cooling, deep and moderate temperature reduction, and early and delayed time to treatment. Median [IQR] study quality was 4 [3 to 6]. Eighteen studies checked seven or more of the eight CAMARADES quality items. There was no clear correlation between study quality and efficacy for any outcome. STAIR analysis identified 102 studies investigating post-ischemic induction of TTM, comprising 147 different treatment regimens of TTM. Only 2 and 8 out of 147 regimens investigated comorbid and gyrencephalic animals, respectively.

Conclusions
TTM is beneficial under most experimental conditions in animal models of cardiac arrest or global brain ischemia. However, research on gyrencephalic species and especially comorbid animals is uncommon and a possible translational gap. Also, low study quality suggests risk of bias within studies. Future animal research should focus on mimicking the clinical scenario and employ similar rigour in trial design to that of modern clinical trials.
Revisiting Classical 3β-hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 2 Deficiency: Lessons from 31 Pediatric Cases
Authors: Guran Tulay , Kara Cengiz , Yildiz Melek , Bitkin Eda C , Haklar Goncagul , Lin Jen-Chieh , Keskin Mehmet , Barnard Lise , Anik Ahmet , Catli Gonul , Guven Ayla , Kirel Birgul , Tutunculer Filiz , Onal Hasan , Turan Serap , Akcay Teoman , Atay Zeynep , Yilmaz Gulay C , Mamadova Jamala , Akbarzade Azad , Sirikci Onder , Storbeck Karl-Heinz , Baris Tugba , Chung Bon-Chu , Bereket Abdullah 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Context
The clinical effects of classical 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (3βHSD2) deficiency are insufficiently defined due to a limited number of published cases.

Objective
To evaluate an integrated steroid metabolome and the short- and long-term clinical features of 3βHSD2 deficiency.

Design
Multicenter, cross-sectional study.

Setting
Nine tertiary pediatric endocrinology clinics across Turkey.

Patients
Children with clinical diagnosis of 3βHSD2 deficiency.

Main Outcome Measures
Clinical manifestations, genotype-phenotype-metabolomic relations. A structured questionnaire was used to evaluate the data of patients with clinical 3βHSD2 deficiency. Genetic analysis of HSD3B2 was performed using Sanger sequencing. Novel HSD3B2 mutations were studied in vitro. Nineteen plasma adrenal steroids were measured using LC-MS/MS.

Results
Eleven homozygous HSD3B2 mutations (6 novel) were identified in 31 children (19 male/12 female; mean age: 6.6 ± 5.1 yrs). The patients with homozygous pathogenic HSD3B2 missense variants of &gt; 5% of wild type 3βHSD2 activity in vitro had a non-salt–losing clinical phenotype. Ambiguous genitalia was an invariable feature of all genetic males, whereas only 1 of 12 female patients presented with virilized genitalia. Premature pubarche was observed in 78% of patients. In adolescence, menstrual irregularities and polycystic ovaries in females and adrenal rest tumors and gonadal failure in males were observed.

Conclusions
Genetically-documented 3βHSD2 deficiency includes salt-losing and non-salt–losing clinical phenotypes. Spared mineralocorticoid function and unvirilized genitalia in females may lead to misdiagnosis and underestimation of the frequency of 3βHSD2 deficiency. High baseline 17OHPreg to cortisol ratio and low 11-oxyandrogen concentrations by LC-MS/MS unequivocally identifies patients with 3βHSD2 deficiency.
Gestational Diabetes Risk in Migrants. A Nationwide, Register-Based Study of all Births in Denmark 2004 to 2015
Authors: Kragelund Nielsen Karoline , Andersen Gregers Stig , Damm Peter , Andersen Anne-Marie Nybo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMuch remains to be understood about socioeconomic position and body mass index (BMI) in the pathways linking ethnicity, migration, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We investigated differences in GDM prevalence according to maternal country of origin and the role played by socioeconomic position and BMI on this relationship. Finally, we examined how length of residency was associated with GDM.MethodsA register-based cohort study of the 725 482 pregnancies that resulted in a birth in Denmark, 2004 to 2015. Of these, 14.4% were by women who had migrated to Denmark. A GDM diagnosis was registered in 19 386 (2.7%) pregnancies, of which 4464 (23.0%) were in immigrant women. The crude risk of GDM according to maternal country of origin compared to Danish-born women ranged from an odds ratio (OR) of 0.50 (95% CI 0.34-0.71) for women from Sweden to an OR of 5.11 (95% CI 4.28-6.11) for women from Sri Lanka. Adjustment for socioeconomic position slightly attenuated the risks. Adjusting for BMI resulted in increased ORs for women, especially from Asian countries. The separate and joint effects of migration and overweight on GDM risk differed substantially between the countries of origin (P value interaction term &lt; .001). Immigrants with 10 or more years of residency had a 56% increased risk of GDM (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.44-1.68) compared to immigrants with less than 5 years in Denmark. This risk was somewhat diluted when adjusting for age and BMI.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates substantial variation in the risk of GDM according to country of origin. The risk associations are only slightly affected by socioeconomic position and BMI.
Mathematical modeling and the assessment of the structural and functional state of bone tissue in women with arterial hypertension and obesity
Authors: Ignatiev A. M. , Prutyan T. L. 
Published: January 2020

140 postmenopausal women aged 48 - 60 y. o. were examined. They had stage I - II arterial hypertension of the 1-2 degree and obesity of the I degree. All of them worked under the adverse labour conditions. The relationship between bone mineral density, osteoprotegrin level and additional factors that have an adverse effect on the state of bone tissue were studied. A correlation analysis of the relationship between T-criterion, the level of osteoprotegrin and the length of service, the duration of the postmenopausal period, the duration of arterial hypertension, the level of systolic blood pressure, markers of bone remodeling, the level of 25 (OH) D3 and lipid metabolism was performed. Using the linear multiple regression model and taking into account the influence of several factors on the indicator modeled, mathematical models were created for the T-criterion and osteoprotegrin as the most informative indicators for assessing the state of bone tissue. Mathematical modeling allows with a high degree of confidence, using available laboratory indicators, which, when undergoing medical examinations, are obligatory for determination, to determine quickly, without special equipment and significant economic costs, evaluate the structural and functional state of bone tissue in this category of women.
Evaluation of the influence of thiotriazoline on the cytokine status disturbances in the blood serum under the condition of experimental contact dermatitis and experimental pneumonia
Authors: Regeda-Furdychko M. M. 
Published: January 2020

The aim of our research was to determine the character of the disturbances content level of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the serum of guinea pigs and estimation of thiotriazoline influence on the cytokine profile in the conditions of formation of combined pathology - experimental contact dermatitis and experimental pneumonia.It has been determined significant advantage of pro-inflammatory cytokine activity, which increasing according the development of the combined pathological process and, simultaneously, reducing the anti-inflammatory IL-10. It has been detected corrective action of thiotriazoline on the investigated indices of cytokine profile.
Local anaesthetic repair of paraumbilical hernia as a safe option across a range of body mass indices
Authors: Sadien ID , Ho YM , Coveney E 
Published: January 2020

Introduction Local anaesthetic repair of paraumbilical hernia (PUH) is a commonly performed operation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether local anaesthesia (LA) repair of PUH was feasible in patients with a high body mass index (BMI) and whether BMI had an impact on patient reported pain scores. Methods Patients undergoing PUH repair under the care of single consultant in a district general hospital between March 2010 and January 2018 were recruited. Patient demographics, BMI, duration of operation, volume of LA infiltrated and grade of operating surgeon were available from the consultant’s database. The database also included prospectively recorded patient reported pain scores based on a numerical scale (0–100) and overall patient satisfaction measured as a percentage. Patients were divided into three BMI categories: <25kg/m2, 25–30kg/m2 and >30 kg/m2. Results A total of 123 patients underwent PUH repair under LA during the study period. Six patients had no recorded BMI and were excluded from the analysis. Of the remaining 117 patients, 36 (31%) were in the normal BMI range, 35 (30%) in the overweight range and 46 (39%) in the obese range. There was no statistically significant difference between the BMI groups in terms of volume of LA used, duration of operation, postoperative pain scores or patient satisfaction. Conclusions LA repair of PUH is feasible for patients with a raised BMI and does not result in higher postoperative pain scores or the need for higher doses of LA.
Thin fiber-based Mach–Zehnder interferometric sensor for measurement of
liquid level, refractive index, temperature, and axial strain
Authors: Liu Wei , Wu Xuqiang , Zhang Gang , Li Shili , Zuo Cheng , Zhang Wujun , Yu Benli 
Published: January 2020

An all-fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometric sensor capable of measuring
liquid level, refractive index (RI), temperature, and
axial strain is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The proposed
sensor is based on a fiber ball–thin fiber (TF)–core-offset structure
sandwiched between two standard single-mode fibers. The variations of
ambient liquid level, RI, temperature, and axial strain cause the
change of phase difference between the cladding modes and the core
mode, which leads to the shift of interference spectrum. The
wavelength shifts of three resonant dips in the transmission spectrum
are used to investigate the sensing characteristics of the sensor.
Experimental results show that the sensor with TF length of 20 mm
exhibits high RI and liquid-level sensitivities of

−

131.7092

n
m

/

R
I
U

and

−

120.7

p
m

/

m
m

at a wavelength of 1589.5 nm.
Meanwhile, the sensor is insensitive to temperature and axial strain,
and the maximum sensitivities are 0.0390 nm/°C and

−

4

.

84

×

10

−
4

n
m

/

µ
ε

, respectively. In addition, the
sensor shows superiority in measuring multiple parameters
simultaneously.
400  m rolling-shutter-based optical camera communications link
Authors: Eso Elizabeth , Teli Shivani , Bani Hassan Navid , Vitek Stanislav , Ghassemlooy Zabih , Zvanovec Stanislav 
Published: January 2020

In this Letter, we develop a novel technique, to the best of our knowledge, to increase the link span (

L
s

) of a rolling shutter (RS)-based optical camera communications (OCC) system by reducing the spatial bandwidth of the camera in the out-of-focus regions. We demonstrate a 400 m line-of-sight RS-based OCC link, which is to date the longest

L
s

reported in these systems, and develop a detection method to extract the information out of the video frames, successfully. The proposed system relaxes the condition of a large surface area for the transmitter light source. Consequently, we show that at 400 m

L
s

and exposure times of 100–80 µs, a data rate of 450 bps is achieved successfully.
4  Mb/s under a 3  m transmission distance using a quantum dot light-emitting diode and NRZ-OOK modulation
Authors: Xiao Hua , Wang Rui , Gui He , Lv Zhijian , Liu Zhaojun , Wang Kai 
Published: January 2020

We realize signal transmission with a miniature light source fabricated by a

4

m
m

2

red-emissive CdSe/ZnS quantum-dot light-emitting diode (QLED) in visible light communication (VLC). The light emitted from the 60°-designed QLED transmits in free space with a data rate of 4 Mb/s at a 3 m transmission distance by using a simple modulation scheme of non-return-to-zero on-off keying. The maximum data rate of 2.5 Mb/s with a bit error rate below the forward-error-correction (FEC) limit is achieved with the optical angles of

±
20

∘

. The influences caused by the voltage, distance, and optical angle of emitting light are taken into consideration during communication. The performance of the QLED-based light source compares favorably with other solution-processed devices in efficiency, luminance, bandwidth, transmission speed, and distance. Additionally, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an investigation on the application of QLED in VLC. Our results should be instructive for further investigation on QLED communication.
Reason and Narration with Ibn Rushd (Averroes)
Authors: Khattab Mohammad Ali 
Published: January 2020

Ibn Rushd was distinguished by his bewildering personality, stemming from being a jurist and theologist, a philosopher and physician, and an astronomer. When researching his writings, we found that he encourages a lot of reason, and puts aside everything related to revelation, at other times, you find him defending Revelation and does not care about the mind, and you see him attacking the Asha’ries. In some cases, he defends them in other places, and in some cases, he adopts the views of the predecessor, making him a collector of all contradictions. However, the beholder in his biography and history knows that he went through several stages, stamped with jurisprudential stability, moderation in judging the opponents, and a victory for the doctrine of Tafweedh.
Effectiveness Of Forest Management As Affected By The Land Use Act In Onigambari Forest Reserve, Oluyole Local Government Area Ibadan, Nigeria.
Authors: Yusuff Z .O. , Alamu L. O. 
Published: January 2020

The growing demands for forest goods and services are putting serious pressure on the resource base, leading to over-exploitation and subsequent forest degradation. In Nigeria both natural and plantation forests could not meet 100 million m3 of the 180 million m3 wood demand in 2000. At present, one of the most challenging problems facing the country is the production of sufficient food and fiber to meet the needs of the ever-increasing population (Peters, 2005). This study examined the effectiveness of forest management in Onigambari forest reserve, Oluyole Local Government Area Ibadan, Nigeria. The study employed a simple random sampling technique to select 43 forest farmers randomly. Descriptive tools such as frequency distribution, percentage, mean, ranking and Pearson product moment correlation (PPMC) was used as inferential statistical tool to determine the forest management performance in the study area while Student T-test was used to test for the significance difference of the relationship between the forest managers and locals. Result showed that mean age of respondents is 39.65 years. A tittle above Forty Eight percent of the respondents were females while 51.16% of the respondents were males, A tittle above Eighteen percent of the respondents were single while 81.40% of the respondents were married. The result of Student t- test revealed that the mean of age is higher than the mean total effects indicating improved performance of age on the total effects in the study area. The p value (0.0000) is smaller than the chosen alpha value (0.05) which has the t-value of 6.840. The result further revealed that deforestation is now becoming history as a result of land use policy on forest management and it has the highest weighted mean score of 2.86 and ranked as the first, followed by the demand of local industries can partially be met second (WMS= 2.74). The result on Pearson product moment correlation revealed that some of the selected factors such as poor participation of people involved in forestry (r= 1.000**; p <= 0.01), use of inexperience foresters (r= 0.262*; p <0.05) and poor conflicts management between local farmers and foresters (r= 0.387*; p < 0.05) respectively exhibited a significant relationship between forest managers and locals/indigenous people. The study recommended that there should be increase in communication among all stakeholders to ensure the harmonization of all interests towards a better use of forest resources, also effective continuous public enlightenment is essential to secure the interest and participation of farmers with an effective mechanism for good governance, equitable benefit sharing, and lastly, conflict resolution mechanism should be established.
Tackling Gender poverty relations within Households through micro-credit Programs in Uganda
Authors: Busingye John 
Published: January 2020

The study mainly set out to investigate the factors that influence gender relations in Uganda. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge by determining the local gender context influencing gender poverty relations in the face of micro-credit programs and practices in Uganda. The study was grounded on the feminist conflict theory. Women accessing and utilizing microcredit programs from Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations (SACCOs) in Mbarara (MM) and Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipalities (BIM) of South West Uganda provided the contextual setting of the study.
Data was collected from a total of 198 respondents by use of interviews and focused group discussions. The study findings show that age, women’s marital status, the level of formal education, number of children depending on women, assets for collateral and signature requirements were the main factors influencing gender poverty relations within households in Uganda. The study contends that poverty and gender relations influence access to microcredit programs. The study then recommends that SACCOS should formulate gender inclusive strategies like alternative means of collateral and introduce women friendly modes of access to microcredit services as a strategy for tackling poverty among women in Uganda. The government is also advised to sensitize the public about gender poverty relations, human rights and increasing household income using the available media.
Eufemizacja w przekładzie (na materiale języka czeskiego)
Authors: Dembska Katarzyna 
Published: January 2020

Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy zagadnienia eufemizacji w przekładzie z języka czeskiego na polski. Materiał badawczy został wyekscerpowany z czeskojęzycznej literatury pięknej za pośrednictwem korpusu językowego InterCorp, stanowiącego integralną część Czeskiego Korpusu Narodowego i dającego możliwość analizy tekstów pod względem ekwiwalencji przekładowej.
Autor skoncentrował swoją uwagę na sposobach przekładu dwóch wybranych leksemów (srát, děvka) oraz wyrażenia przyimkowego (do prdele), które są rejestrowane w słownikach języka czeskiego z kwalifikatorem wulgarności lub grubiańskości. Analiza wykazała, że większość tłumaczy dokonuje tzw. „higienizacji przekładu”, unikając bezpośredniej ekwiwalencji kłopotliwych leksemów przy zastosowaniu procesu eufemizacji, czego rezultatem nie zawsze jest jednak eufemizm sensu stricto (jednostka leksykalna).
W prezentowanym artykule została podjęta próba ustalenia przyczyn powodujących omawiany proces.
Can a Developed Structure be Transparent? The Analysis of Witcher 3: Wild Hunt Interface with Regard to its Influence on the Player’s Immersion
Authors: Gozdowska Katarzyna 
Published: January 2020

In this article I analyze the interface of The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt with regard to its transparency as well as its influence on the player’s immersion. Furthermore, I scrutinize all measures used by the interface to decrease the effect of emersion, which might appear as game information is being read by the player. I also consider the literary context in my research – I reflect on how the interface refers to Andrzej Sapkowski’s Witcher cycle and how these references have been implemented in the interface structure.
Regularity of solutions to a fractional elliptic problem with mixed Dirichlet–Neumann boundary data
Authors: Carmona Jose , Colorado Eduardo , Leonori Tommaso , Ortega Alejandro 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this work we study regularity properties of solutions to fractional elliptic problems with mixed Dirichlet–Neumann boundary data when dealing with the spectral fractional Laplacian.
A Liouville-Type Theorem for an Elliptic Equation with Superquadratic Growth in the Gradient
Authors: Filippucci Roberta , Pucci Patrizia , Souplet Philippe 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We consider the elliptic equation

-

Δ
⁢
u

=

u
q

⁢

|

∇
⁡
u

|

p

{-\Delta u=u^{q}|\nabla u|^{p}}

in

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

for any

p
>
2

{p>2}

and

q
>
0

{q>0}

. We prove a Liouville-type theorem, which asserts that any positive bounded solution is constant. The proof technique is based on monotonicity properties for the spherical averages of sub- and super-harmonic functions, combined with a gradient bound obtained by a local Bernstein argument. This solves, in the case of bounded solutions, a problem left open in [2], where the case

0
<
p
<
2

{0<p<2}

is considered. Some extensions to elliptic systems are also given.