bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
News Framing in a Time of Terror
Authors: Jørndrup Hanne 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOn Saturday afternoon, 14 February 2015, a man attacked a public meeting at Krudttønden in Copenhagen and later the city's synagogue, killing two persons. The attacks did not take the Danish media by surprise since they had recently been engaged in the coverage of similar events, reporting the attacks at the Charlie Hebdo office in Paris in January 2015.This article analyses how the Danish television channel DR1 framed the attacks in the newscast from the first shot at Krudttønden and for the following week. Furthermore, the analysis will discuss how the framing of the shooting as a “terror attack” transformed the news coverage into a “news media” media event, abandoning the journalistic norm of critical approach while the media instead became the scene of national mourning.
Microchannel filter for air purification
Authors: Rodriguez Andrade Jonathan , Kussul Ernst , Baydyk Tetyana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study, we propose a new design for a microchannel filter. The closed indoor environments with which we interact daily are sources of diseases for the respiratory system of human beings. Recommendations for the design of microchannel filters for indoor air purification are proposed, implementing low-cost microequipment technology (MET) for the manufacture of the elements that constitute a microfiltration system. For the microchannel filter production, we proposed to use MET, which is a miniaturization technology and can reduce manufacturing costs. The microchannel filter was 3.75 cm in radius with a thickness of 3 mm. It had a triangular profile and a helical trajectory. It was designed, manufactured, and tested for two profile dimensions. The main purpose was to reduce the pressure drop of the air flow through the filter. We described the air flow simulation for the microchannel filter using SolidWorks. A prototype microchannel filter was constructed, which underwent manufacturing tests. It is possible to clean the microchannel using water flow, which allows us to maintain the filtration quality within an optimum range of contaminant removal.
The potential anti-depressant properties of dexmedetomidine infusion: a review of mechanistic, preclinical, and clinical evidence
Authors: Al-Alawi Mohammed , Brietzke Elisa , Carvalhal Adriana , Soares Claudio N. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent and disabling condition for which the currently available treatments are not fully effective. Existing unmet needs include rapid onset of action and optimal management of concurrent agitation. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a selective and potent α2-adrenergic receptor (α2-AR) agonist, with unique pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. In this review, we discuss pre-clinical and clinical studies which focused on DEX in the context of its putative antidepressant effects for the management of MDD. Preliminary data support DEX as an antidepressant with fast onset of action, which would be especially helpful for patients experiencing treatment resistant depression, and agitation. We further explore the mechanistic and clinical implications of considering DEX as a putative antidepressant agent, and the next steps to explore the efficacy of low dose DEX infusion among patients with treatment resistant depression.
The discontinuation of the EUR/CHF minimum exchange rate: information from option-implied break probabilities
Authors: Funke Michael , Loermann Julius , Moessner Richhild 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We derive risk-neutral probability densities for future euro/Swiss franc exchange rates as implied by option prices. We find that the credibility of the Swiss franc floor decreased somewhat as the spot exchange rate approached the lower bound of 1.20 CHF per euro. We also compare the forecasting performance of a random walk benchmark model with an error-correction model (ECM) augmented with option-implied break probabilities of breaching the currency floor. We find some evidence that the augmented ECM has an informational advantage over the random walk when using one-month break probabilities. But we find that one-month option-implied densities cannot predict the entire range of exchange rate realizations.
An analogue of Serre’s conjecture for a ring of distributions
Authors: Sasane Amol 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe set 𝒜 := 𝔺δ0+ 𝒟+′, obtained by attaching the identity δ0 to the set 𝒟+′ of all distributions on 𝕉 with support contained in (0, ∞), forms an algebra with the operations of addition, convolution, multiplication by complex scalars. It is shown that 𝒜 is a Hermite ring, that is, every finitely generated stably free 𝒜-module is free, or equivalently, every tall left-invertible matrix with entries from 𝒜 can be completed to a square matrix with entries from 𝒜, which is invertible.
Through the Epic Tradition: Speech and Assemblies in Quintus’Posthomerica
Authors: Carvounis Katerina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper explores how Quintus of Smyrna engages with the Homeric poems and the subsequent epic tradition. The paper discusses two scenes from Quintus’ Posthomerica dealing with the dynamics of speech between individuals and a collective body; the first of these scenes (Posthomerica 6.5–95) is primarily indebted to a scene in Iliad 2, and the second one (Posthomerica 1.403–475) has intriguing parallels in Apollonius’ Argonautica and Vergil’s Aeneid. The overall aim of the paper is to illustrate Quintus’ dialogue with multiple models throughout the epic tradition and to draw attention to the way he shapes these models according to his own poetics.
A critical review on human serum Paraoxonase-1 in the literature: truths and misconceptions
Authors: Mackness Michael , Sozmen Eser Yildirim 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Human serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) appears to play an important role in the development of a large variety of diseases with an inflammatory component including heart disease, diabetes, rheumatic diseases, neurological diseases and cancer. As such PON1 research is rapidly expanding into new biomedical fields. Unfortunately, this rapid expansion has resulted in a number of problems due to poor experimental design and the spreading of misconceptions in the literature. This review seeks to describe the basic properties of PON1 and the problems and misconceptions that have arisen.
Solidarity in Couple Relationships – A Mixed Methods Approach
Authors: Adams Ayhan , Golsch Katrin , Maiwald Kai-Olaf 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn family research, there have not yet been many attempts to grasp theoretically and empirically solidarity in couple relationships, a gap that this study addresses combining qualitative and quantitative strategies. One purpose of this article is to develop a theoretical framework to understand solidarity as an overarching structural element of cooperation in couples. We then propose, in the best possible way, a measurement of solidarity to be used in quantitative analysis. To this end, data from the German Family Panel (pairfam, waves 2008–2017) are used in a longitudinal design. We offer an empirical test of our measurement by employing autoregressive cross-lagged analyses with random intercepts (n = 2,588 couples) and establish the cause-and-effect relationship between solidarity and one important dimension of relationship quality, i. e. relationship satisfaction. The results of this analysis lend support to our assumption that couples cooperate on a basic rule of solidarity, having a unidirectional influence on relationship quality.
Diethyl (iodoethynyl)phosphonate and (iodoethynyl)diphenylphosphane oxide: crystal structures and some cycloaddition reactions
Authors: Marian Aline , Maas Gerhard 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The title compounds are difunctionalized acetylenic building blocks, which can serve as electrophilic dienophiles and dipolarophiles in [4+2] and azide-iodoalkyne [3+2] cycloaddition reactions, which, however, require strong thermal activation. In their crystal structures, they are self-complementary tectons, which are arranged in polymeric chains maintained by very short intermolecular Csp–I···O=P halogen bonds.
Hexanal inhalation affects cognition and anxiety-like behavior in mice
Authors: Ueno Hiroshi , Shimada Atsumi , Suemitsu Shunsuke , Murakami Shinji , Kitamura Naoya , Wani Kenta , Takahashi Yu , Matsumoto Yosuke , Okamoto Motoi , Ishihara Takeshi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Hexanal is a 6-carbon aldehyde that smells like green leaves and urine to mammals. However, its physiological effects remain unclear. In particular, the effects of hexanal inhalation on the central nervous system have not been clarified. We investigated hexanal inhalation in mice and conducted a series of behavioral experiments to examine the neuropsychological effects of hexanal. After inhaling hexanal emissions for 30 min, mice were subjected to an open field test, a hot plate test, a grip strength test, an elevated plus maze test, a Y-maze test, a tail suspension test, and a forced swim test to examine the effects of hexanal odor on mouse behavior. Compared to controls, mice that inhaled hexanal exhibited reduced anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze test. In addition, mice that inhaled hexanal displayed significantly improved spatial cognitive ability in the Y-maze test. However, in some behavioral experiments there was no significant difference between control mice and mice that inhaled hexanal. The results of this study suggest that hexanal inhalation causes anxiolytic effects and improves cognitive function in mice. These findings may have implications for safety management procedures and determining the effective use of household goods containing hexanal, though further work is required.
Admissibility to Employ an Academic Teacher on the Basis of a Contract for Specific Work
Authors: Radkiewicz Wojciech 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The presented study raises the issue of the admissibility of employing academic teachers on a basis other than an employment relationship, in particular based on one of the named civil law contracts, which is a contract for specific work. The author made the determination whether, due to the type of actual activities performed by the academic teacher, including in particular didactic classes, it is permissible to perform these activities on the basis of a result contract characterized by the need to specify the result that should be obtained by the academic teacher. The author’s considerations lead to the conclusion that the legislator allows the possibility of employing academic teachers on the basis of civil law contracts, including contracts for specific work; however, it should be remembered that in each case, before establishing a given legal relationship, the parties should first consider whether the specificity of the contract and the work will correspond to the actual content of the legal relationship between the university and the academic teacher. This is to avoid the situation where the academic teacher later questions that the contracting parties are not actually a work contract but, for example, an employment contract.
Shareholder Activism in der Finanzbranche aus der Perspektive des Aufsichtsrechts
Authors: Döding Karl 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Während Shareholder Activism bei Unternehmen der Realwirtschaft bereits Gegenstand eines breiten rechtswissenschaftlichen Diskurses ist, blieb die Betrachtung von Kreditinstituten als Ziel aktivistischer Aktionäre bislang unterentwickelt. Aktuelle aktivistische Kampagnen in der Finanzbranche bieten indes Anlass, diesen Aspekt näher zu untersuchen. Der folgende Beitrag betrachtet anhand von Beispielen den Einfluss aktivistischer Aktionäre auf Kreditinstitute, erörtert den Zusammenhang zwischen Shareholder Activism und der Finanzstabilität und beleuchtet und bewertet abschließend aufsichtsrechtliche Schutzmaßnahmen.
Learning global journalism: A course on journalism on developing countries in Africa and the Finnish freelance journalism market
Authors: Hujanen Jaana 
Published: July 2020

A group of Finnish journalism students travelled to Zambia, Africa in November 2007. The field trip was a culmination for a course in journalism on developing countries. The starting points reflected the practices and models of the research-based approach to learning. The role of the students was twofold: they were students as well as journalists. The aims were, to deepen the students’ understanding of current issues in developing countries, their visibility and treatment in the media and of actors in development cooperation and to produce journalism on developing countries for the domestic media. In this article, first, the students’ views on what they consider as good journalism on developing countries, based on the observations they made during their trip, is analysed. Secondly, the students’ experiences on what they learned about journalism practices on developing countries during their writing processes are analysed, and also their observations on the ideals and practices of freelance journalism when selling their own stories. The data analysed includes participant-observation from the field trip in Zambia and qualitative research interviews conducted with the students after the trip. The article highlights the importance of students’ own role in directing their field work, involving goal setting, questioning and self-evaluation of the knowledge gained. It also sheds light on how research and experience-based learning in a developing country and an unfamiliar culture can contribute to a comprehensive way of learning. In this case alternative ideas how issues about developing countries could be evaluated and represented in western local and national media.
Framing Poverty in Lithuanian Community Newspapers: Local Authorities, Community Members and Journalists Communicating Social and Policy Changes
Authors: Donauskaitė Džina 
Published: July 2020

Community media, as opposed to mainstream newsmedia, is an alternative source of information which plays a facilitative role by encouraging community members to express their interests, to join policy debates, and therefore to give authorities feedback on how ongoing policy changes affect members of communities. Due to high levels of concentration of poverty in Lithuanian rural areas and the start of a social assistance decentralisation program to poor residents in five Lithuanian regional municipalities in 2012, the role of local media in policies concerning poverty reduction has increased. Content analysis of five newspapers that served communities affected by the changes reveals that community members are provided with options to communicate poverty issues through community media. This is an empirical finding which supports the author’s claim, presented in this article, that analytical concept of rhisomatic community media rather than liberal critique of local press (which focuses on negative pressures from market and state institutions erected toward the media), is more useful for assessing deliberation processes in local newspapers. Research results show that while communicating poverty, community members prefer to communicate charity initiatives and not to directly engage in public policy debate. Coverage of policy changes is dominated by local authorities and community media journalists. Images of ‘deserving’ and ‘undeserving‘ poor (often without references to actually existing cases) dominate poverty framing in an attempt to support new cash social assistance distributions. Despite facilitating some non-governmental community-organised poverty reduction initiatives, community media acts collaboratively towards on-going policy changes and fails in empowering the poor of the communities they serve.
Keywords: community media, decentralisation, poverty.
The Conditions for Journalism Freedom and the Invisible Threat to Free Speech
Authors: Pilotta Joseph J. 
Published: July 2020

Political communication is strictly distinguished from social and individual activities that are interest-laden and thus lack the autonomy to be political. The latter belongs solely to political societies that are democratic. Indeed, there must be a strict restriction of the use of political to a public domain in which every member of society participates in public debates and decisions. Participation in debate and decision-making requires the gemini of communication: understanding and accessibility which require a public domain of public expression. The politics of technocratic journalism is the invisible threat to the right to freedom of speech.
COMPORTAMIENTO FERROMAGNÉTICO CON SATURACIÓN INCOMPLETA DEL COMPUESTO INTERMETÁLICO Ƞ-Al5Fe2 SINTETIZADO MEDIANTE LA TÉCNICA DE FUSIÓN POR DESCARGA DE ARCO
Authors: Gálvez-Breña Sarina , Landauro Carlos V. , Quispe-Marcatoma Justiniano , Peña-Rodríguez Víctor A. 
Published: July 2020

El presente trabajo presenta un estudio del proceso de síntesis y de caracterización estructural y magnética del intermetálico ƞ-Al5Fe2 preparado mediante la técnica de fusión por descarga eléctrica de arco. Con la finalidad de obtener una fase homogénea, todas las muestras obtenidas por fusión fueron sometidas a un tratamiento de recocido térmico durante 2 días a 847 °C y, finalmente, enfriadas rápidamente en agua.La caracterización estructural y micro-estructural de las muestras se realizó mediante un análisis combinado de difracción de rayos X y espectroscopia Mössbauer de transmisión del Fe57; en tanto que, el estudio morfológico de los granos se realizó usando microscopía electrónica de barrido. La caracterización magnética de las muestras se llevó a cabo empleando la técnica de magnetometría de muestra vibrante. Medidas de fluorescencia de rayos X fueron realizadas para el análisis de composición de elementos.Los resultados indican que el método de síntesis empleado permite obtener directamente la fase intermetálica ƞ-Al5Fe2 con alta calidad estructural: estructura cristalina ortorrómbica y grupo espacial Cmcm También se ha encontrado que la aleación ƞ-Al5Fe2 muestra un comportamiento ferromagnético con saturación incompleta. Por otro lado, estudios Mössbauer de la estructura local alrededor de los átomos de hierro muestran desorden topológico debido a las ocupancias fraccionales inherentes en la estructura del sistema intermetálico bajo estudio. Finalmente, el análisis composicional indica que el material se encuentra dentro del rango de homogeneidad permitido.
Antibody Testing Documents the Silent Spread of SARS-CoV-2in New York Prior to the First Reported Case
Authors: Meyers Kathrine , Liu Lihong , Lin Wen-Hsuan , Luo Yang , Yin Michael , Wu Yumeng , Wontakal Sandeep , Rai Alex , Carpia Francesca La , Fernando Sebastian , Dowlatshahi Mitra , Elkayam Elad , Garg Ankur , Joshua-Tor Leemor , Wolk John , Alpert Barbara , Romney Marie-Laure , Costabile Brianna , Gelardi Edoardo , Vallese Francesca , Clarke Oliver , Mancia Filippo , Uhlemann Anne-Catrin , Sobieszczyk Magdalena , Perelson Alan , Huang Yaoxing , Hod Eldad , Ho David 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We developed and validated serologic assays to determine SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in select patient populations in greater New York City area early during the epidemic. We tested “discarded” serum samples from February 24 to March 29 for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer and nucleocapsid protein. Using known durations for antibody development, incubation period, serial interval, and reproductive ratio for this pandemic, we determined that introduction of SARS-CoV-2 into New York likely occurred between January 23 and February 4, 2020. SARS-CoV-2 spread silently for 4–5 weeks before the first community acquired infection was reported. A novel coronavirus emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China1,2 and devasted Hubei Province in early 2020 before spreading to every province within China and nearly every country in the world3. This pathogen, now termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a global pandemic, with ~ 10 million cases and over 500,000 deaths reported through June 30, 20203. The first case of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the United States was identified on January 19, 2020 in a man who returned to the State of Washington from Wuhan4. In the ensuing months, the U.S. has become a hotspot of the pandemic, presently accounting for almost one third of the total caseload and over one fourth of the deaths3. The first confirmed case in New York was reported on March 1 in a traveler recently returned from Iran. The first community-acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection was diagnosed on March 3 in a 50-year-old male who lived in New Rochelle and worked in New York City (https://www1.nyc.gov/site/doh/covid/covid-19-data-archive.page.) In the ensuing 18 weeks, New York City has suffered a peak daily infection number of ~ 4,500 (Fig. 1a) and a cumulative caseload of ~ 400,000 to date. The time period when SARS-CoV-2 gained entry into this epicenter of the pandemic remains unclear.
IgA dysfunctions induced by the early-lifetime disruption of gut microbitoa result in metabolic syndrome in mice
Authors: Guo Jielong , Han Xue , You Yilin , Huang Weidong , Jicheng Zhan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Backgroud: Disruption of the gut microbiota (GM), mainly induced by antibiotic treatments and C-sections, is prevalent during the early lifetime, which can result in lifelong changes in the GM composition and metabolism.Results: The GM of newborn mice was influenced after being subjected to transitory treatment with low-dose penicillin (LDP), resulting in a permanent reduction of intestinal IgA. Germ-free (GF) mice transferred GM from the LDP-treated mice also showed decreased intestinal IgA levels. Similarly, antigens derived from the LDP-treated mice induced lower IgA production during in vitro incubation with small intestinal tissues. Furthermore, a lack of intestinal IgA led to the persistent dysbiosis of mucosal GM, causing metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the LDP-treated mice. The mice lacking intestinal IgA (Pigr-/-) only showed transient alteration in GM after LDP exposure while the long-period metabolism was not influenced. Moreover, gavage with GM from the LDP-free mice or probiotics (partially) restored the GM and intestinal IgA, while improving the MetS in LDP-treated mice.Conclusions: The antibiotics–induced changes of GM in early lifetime permanently dampened the IgA responses to the GM, which lead to the long-term dysbiosis of intestinal mucosal bacteria and MetS.
Nutritional intervention in childhood overweight – Efficacy of the motivational multidisciplinary individualized treatment
Authors: Cabral Vânia , Asseiceira Inês , Sousa Joana 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The increase in prevalence of pre-obesity and childhood obesity in most European countries led to the need to develop effective interventions to reverse this situation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a behavioral protocol for the treatment of pediatric overweight. Methods: The study sample consisted of overweight children/adolescents between six and eighteen years old. The individuals who were intervened with the application of a behavioral contract belonged to Behavioral Group (BG) and those who received standard treatment belonged to the Standard Treatment Group (STG). The evolution of the Body Mass Index (BMI) z-score and body composition were evaluated. Results: The BG significantly decreased the Body Mass Index (BMI) z-score both in the middle and at the end of the intervention, but the STG only significantly decreased the BMI z-score at the end of the intervention. We were also found that the BG significantly decreased the fat mass index (p< 0,05) compared to the STG (p> 0,05) after twelve months. Conclusion: The use of a behavioral approach for the treatment of pediatric overweight showed an improvement in fat mass index and a decrease in BMI at twelve months when compared to a standard intervention. Thus, the behavioral approach seems to be more effective than a standard long-term nutritional approach . In summary, the child's accountability in its overweight treatment process seems to be effective.