bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modernleşme Sürecinde Mobilya Tasarımında Melezlik
Authors: Ertaş Şebnem , Bal Havva Beril 
Published: January 2020

20. yüzyılın başlarında ortaya çıkan Arts and
Crafts ve Art Nouveau stilleri tasarım alanında geçişi simgeleyen,
kendilerinden önceki dönemin izlerini taşırken kendilerinden sonraki dönemleri
de etkileyen yaklaşımlar olarak kabul edilebilir ve melez olarak
tanımlanabilirler. Çalışmada melez dönemin kullandığı biçimsel dil,
klasik ve modern dönem geçiş süreci ile birlikte tartışılarak;
mobilya örnekleri üzerinden ele alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda; Arts and Crafts
ve Art Nouveau dönemleri sandalye tasarımlarının biçimlenişinin melez
olduğunu ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmaktadır. Melezlik ifadesi ise
sandalyelerin okunmasını kolaylaştıran yüzeyler üzerinden biçim grameri
kullanılarak tanımlanmıştır.
Süreçte, öncelikle hem klasik hem de modern döneme ait örnek
sandalyelerin tespiti yapılmış ve yüzeylerin biçimleri grafiksel bir dille
ifade edilmiştir. Sonrasında iki dönemin diğer yaklaşımlarla biçimsel
ilişkisi bileşenlerin çakıştırılmasıyla saptanmıştır. Tüm
bunlar modern ve klasik dönem ilişkisini ortaya koymuş ve bu ilişkinin
de arada olmak yani melezlik kavramıyla nasıl bütünleştiğini sandalye
tasarımları üzerinden göstermiştir.
Lignin to Value-added Chemical Synthesis
Authors: Sharifi Mahdieh , Pothu Ramyakrishna , Boddula Rajender , Inamuddin  
Published: January 2020

Background:
There is an increasing demand for innovation in petroleum system replacements.
Towards this aim, lignocellulosic biomass is suggested as a possible sustainable source for the
manufacturing of fuels and chemical production. This paper aims to investigate different kinds of
β-O-4 lignin model compounds for the production of value-added chemicals in the presence of ionic
liquids. Especially, cheap β-O-4 lignin model guaiacol glycerol ether (GGE) (Guaifenesin) is introduced
to produce valuable chemicals and novel products.

Methods:
The research related to chemical depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass activity is
reviewed and an account of different methods such as thermal and microwave for the last 10 years is
presented. So, this work provides an excellent background for academic research and it gives an efficient
strategy for the manufacturing of novel value-added chemicals at an industrial scale.

Results:
The review concludes that ionic liquid microwave-assisted synthesis is a power-saving,
cost-efficient, fast reaction, and clean way with high selectively and purity for the production of
high-value chemicals rather than conventional heating. Guaiacol and catechol are some of these valuable
chemicals produced from β-O-4 lignin model compounds with high demands and large industrial
scale prospects.

Conclusion:
The β-O-4 lignin model compounds such as guaiacol glycerol ether (GGE) (Guaifenesin)
are a good platform for developing food materials, perfumery, biorefinery, and pharmaceutical
industry by ionic liquids-assisted lignin depolymerization method.
Design, Synthesis and Antitubercular Evaluation of New Benzimidazole Scaffolds
Authors: Yadav Smriti , Inturi Bharath Kumar , B.R Shrinidhi , H.J Pooja , Ganesh Neenu , Pujar Gurubasavaraj V. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
To overcome one of the resistance mechanisms of Isoniazid (INH), there is a need
for an antitubercular agent that can inhibit InhA enzyme by circumventing the formation of INH-NAD+
adduct.

Objective:
The objective of the study is the development of novel antitubercular agents that target Mycobacterium
tuberculosis InhA (Enoyl Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase).

Methods:
A small-molecule chemical library was used for the identification of the novel InhA inhibitors
using primary screening and molecular docking studies followed by the scaffold hopping approach. The
designed molecules, 2-(2-(hydroxymethyl)-1H- benzo[d] imidazole-1-yl)- N- substituted acetamides were
synthesized by reacting (1H- benzo[d]imidazole -2-yl)methanol with appropriate 2-chloro-N-substituted
acetamides / dialkylamino carbonyl chlorides respectively in good yields (42-65%). The antitubercular activity
of synthesized compounds was determined by Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA) against Mycobacterium
tuberculosis H37Rv strain. The selected compounds were screened for cytotoxicity on normal
cell lines.

Results:
The antitubercular activity data revealed that the 4-chlorophenyl substituted derivative (3b)
showed good MIC value at 6.25 μg/mL and, dimethylacetamide substituted derivative (3i) showed MIC at
25 μg/mL among the tested compounds. The substitution of dimethylacetamide (3i) group on the 1st position
of benzimidazole has good antitubercular activity (25μg/mL) in comparison to the diethyl acetamide
group (3j, 100μg/mL).

Conclusion:
The antitubercular activity data indicated that the tested compounds exhibited well to moderate
inhibition of the H37Rv strains. The compounds (3b) with electronegative substitution on the phenyl
moiety exhibited better antitubercular activity than that of the other substitutions. The active compounds
have displayed a good safety profile on normal cell lines.
UPDATE OF THE CRAWL, WALK, RUN METHODOLOGY FRAMEWORK
Authors: Filipović Jelena 
Published: January 2020

This study updated the Crawl, Walk, Run methodology framework (CWRM) for the current digital marketing circumstances, observed in the context of the artistic community in virtual space. Four main premises of CRWM have been considered in order to address the effectiveness of online campaigns based on the laddering support through tiers of engagement (personal, social, advocating); empowering super users; providing source materials for user-generated content; and using tools people are familiar with. The analysis was performed on the data collected from the online community which has operated for 43 days. Data on the number of registered users, their interactions with web site content and showcased artworks were gathered. The specific online platform was created for the purpose of this research and the campaign for its promotion was conducted both in Serbia and globally. The materials for direct communications (email, instant messaging), social media promotion (social networks, blogs) and public relations (articles in online and traditional media) were created. CRWM was proved to be efficient framework for the establishment of online presence of the artistic community. However, we propose that social networks should be introduced in the stage three instead of in the stage four, due to the increase of their applications compared to the time when the CRWM was formulated. All activities once they start should be maintained and performed throughout the campaign lifetime. This study represents one of the first efforts aimed at updating of the CRWM theoretical framework and provides business community with hands-on solutions in modern digital marketing.
¿Quiénes son pobres? Análisis de su identificación en América Latina
Authors: Villatoro Pablo , Santos Maria Emma 
Published: January 2020

Este trabajo examina de forma empírica la solidez de identificación de los pobres mediante tres tipos de análisis usando datos de 2012 de cinco países de América Latina. Los resultados sugieren que el método monetario y el multidimensional nomonetario por separado son insuficientes para identificar la pobreza de manera comprehensiva, que parece conveniente el uso de umbrales de pobreza intermedios en el índice multidimensional y que la tipificación de grupos de pobreza hacia adentro de los países es sensible a la selección de dicho umbral. Lo anterior reafirma la necesidad de alcanzar consensos sobre la definición de pobreza en los países de la región.
Soft Power Determinants in the World and Implications for China
Authors: LAI HONGYI 
Published: January 2020

Statistical tests are here conducted on two explanations of soft power. One is Joseph Nye's argument that political values, foreign policy and cultural appeals shape soft power, and the other is the positive peace argument which suggests a significant influence of the Global Peace Index (GPI) on soft power.Two measures of soft power are employed – the favourability of major powers in global public opinion polls and the Soft Power 30 Index. The latter gauges the magnitude of soft power. When the former measure, which indicates the positiveness of soft power, is adopted the three soft power resources provide less explanatory power than per capita GDP and especially the GPI. When the Soft Power 30 Index is used, only foreign policy independent of the United States contributes positively to soft power. The GPI and non-soft power-relatedcultural exports (NSPCE) then take on a negative role because a number of nations in the index achieve very high rankings with a relatively poor GPI or small NSPCE. As far as China is concerned, its ranking in 2018 in the Soft Power 30 Index declined due to impressive improvement among other ranked nations and global public scepticism towards its foreign policy and its cultural exports.
Analysis of the initial stage of fatigue wear in heterostructure materials under contact cyclic loading
Authors: Kudryakov O. V. , Varavka V. N. , Zabiyaka I. Yu. , Yadrets E. A. , Shvedchikova O. V. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction. The process of formation of fatigue defects in metal alloys with different structural morphology is considered. The work objective is to develop a computational tool for determining the moment of the defect nucleation under cyclic loading.Materials and Methods. A physical model is built, calculation expressions are presented. The physical model is based on the theory of dislocations. It is shown that a structure factor is particularly important in the process of fracture nucleus origination under dynamic cyclic loading. Depending on the structure and properties of the material, as well as on the nature of the loads, the critical fatigue defect develops in the form of cracks, pores or micro-crater wear.Research Results. A numerical experiment was performed to determine the moment of nucleation of the critical-size defect in iron-base alloys under the drop hypervelocity impacts. Comparative data of calculations and bench tests for droplet impingement erosion of steels and alloys with the structure of ferrite, austenite, sorbitol and martensite are presented. The efficiency of the nucleation stage during the incubation period of erosive wear of the materials studied was evaluated.Discussion and Conclusions. There are no strict instrumental methods for determining the duration of the nucleation stage; therefore, it is recommended to use the proposed analytical model. In addition, the work performed gave a significant application result, i.e. it showed that the focused design of the material structure can significantly increase the wear resistance.
Automation of multicriteria ranking of students using ePortfolio
Authors: Ponomareva L. A. , Romashkova O. N. , Belyakova A. N. , Zabolotnikova V. S. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction. The paper considers improving the management quality of an educational organization through automating the personalized data collection, storage and ranking. The authors have developed a module of the university corporate system, an ePortfolio of students, which implements a multicriteria optimization method for calculating the students’ rating on the basis of the collected and stored data. The study object is multicriteria ranking methods. The subject of the study is the automated calculation of student’s rating within the electronic portfolio. The study objective is to develop tools for collecting, storing and processing data on individual achievements of students and the implementation of the mathematical method of multicriteria optimization for ranking students on the basis of the portfolio data. Practical implications include development of a tool for an effective management of the educational process.Materials and Methods. A prototype module of the university corporate system “ePortfolio” on the platform of 1C: Enterprise 8.3 is presented. To rank students, a special case of the alternative ranking method is implemented in the block of the data analysis module – pairwise comparison in order of their relative importance. At that, a unified scale of relations was used.Research Results. The authors described the scheme of the information system (IS) operation “ePortfolio”, presented a process interaction pattern for the portfolio formation, as well as a diagram of business processes under calculating an individual rating. A fragment of the sample is shown on which the performance of the multicriteria optimization block has been tested. The criteria of the calculations are described, as well as the rule of screening alternatives for solving for the optimum.Discussion and Conclusion. The paper presents the results of the IS block operation on ranking a list of students. The calculation results coincide with the practical data.
Genetic algorithm efficiency improvement in the course of set cover problem solution
Authors: Konovalov I. S. , Fatkhi V. A. , Kobak V. G. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Practical tasks (location of service points, creation of microcircuits, scheduling, etc.) often require an exact or approximate to exact solution at a large dimension. In this case, achieving an acceptable result requires solving a set cover problem, fundamental for combinatorics and the set theory. An exact solution can be obtained using exhaustive methods; but in this case, when the dimension of the problem is increased, the time taken by an exact algorithm rises exponentially. For this reason, the precision of approximate methods should be increased: they give a solution that is only approximate to the exact one, but they take much less time to search for an answer at a large dimension.Materials and Methods. One of the ways to solve the covering problem is described, it is a genetic algorithm. The authors use a modification of the Goldberg model and try to increase its efficiency through various types of mutation and crossover operators. We are talking about gene mutations, two-point mutations, addition and deletion mutations, insertion and deletion mutations, saltation, mutations based on inversion. The following types of crossover operator are noted: single-point, two-point, three-point and their versions with restrictions, uniform, triad. The effect of the stopping condition and the probability values of genetic operators on the accuracy of the solutions is investigated. It is shown how an increase in the number of individuals in a generation affects the efficiency of a solution. Research Results. The experiment results allow us to draw three conclusions. 1) It is recommended to use a combination of gene mutation and single-point crossing. 2) With an increase in the number of individuals, the accuracy of the result and the time to obtain it increases. The average deviation from the exact result at a task size of 25 × 25 was 0%, at 50 × 50 – 0%, at 75 × 75 – 0.013%, at 100 × 100 – 0%, at 110 × 110 – 0% (the number of individuals was 500).3) It is advisable to use the probabilities of the mutation and crossover operator 100% and 100%, respectively. Discussion and Conclusions. Recommendations are given to improve the efficiency of covering problem solution. To this end, a preferred combination of the genetic algorithm parameters, of types of crossover and mutation operators is indicated.
Vedic Philosophy and Swami Nigamananda
Authors: Keshari Mallik Sangram , Sahoo Dr. Braja Kishore 
Published: January 2020

Wonder that is India. India is wonderful because of its abundant and affluent cultural heritage. The cultural heritage of India is prudential of its spiritual richness and classical creativity. Vedic literature is the most wonderful and unparallel literary creation of Ancient India. Vedic literature has made this country worthy of worship. Vedas are without beginning and without end. Veda is author-less. It is Apauruseya. They are considered to be the direct word of the Divine. Vedic knowledge appeared in the dawn of the cosmos within the heart of Brahma. Brahma imparted this knowledge in the form of sound (Sabda) to his sons who are great sages. They transmitted the Vedic sound heard from Brahma to their disciples all over universe. There are four Vedas. They are the Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Sama Veda and Atharva Veda. Four Vedas contain four types of texts such as The Samhitas, The Arankayas, The Brahmanas and The Upanishads. Veda is accepted as a code of conduct to Sanatan Dharma. The teaching of Veda is the concept that the individual is not an independent entity, but, rather, a part of the Universal Consciousness. Upanishads is the manifestation of Vedantic thought. Sada Darshan (Six Systems of Vedanta) is a very important part of Vedic philosophy. Swami Nigamananda a great Master of Vedic Literature achieved Nirbikalpa Sidhi of Vedanta in the year 1904. The philosophy of Vedanta is reflected in the creation of Swami Nigamananda. In his writings (Yogi Guru, Jnani Guru, Tantrik Guru, Premik Guru, Brahmacharya Sadhana and Vedanta Viveka) he has explained the main scriptures of Vedas such as The Upanishads, The Bramha Sutras and The Bhagavad Gita. His philosophy teaches us to love and live in a state of eternal freedom. The Philosophy of Swami Nigamananda is a synthesis of Sankar and Gouranga i.e. knowledge and love. Knowledge envisages the path of analysis and Love, the path of synthesis. In this way Nigamananda convincingly reconciled the two apparently contradictory creeds of Adi Shankaracharya and Gauranga Mohapravu. “He advised his disciples to combine Shankara’s view and Gournaga’s way and walk on this path of synthesis. In fact attainment of Jnana through Bhakti is the nucleus of his philosophy. Through his teachings and works, he proclaimed to the world the fundamental harmony of all religions that there are many paths which lead to the same goal”.
Tarife Dışı Engellerin Türkiye’nin Tarım Ürünleri Dış Ticaretine Olan Etkisi
Authors: ÖZER Osman Orkan , GÜRER Betül , TAŞKAYA TOP Berrin , KAN Mustafa 
Published: January 2020

Uluslararası ticaretin gelişmesi ile ülkeler arasında dış ticareti etkileyen tarife önlemleri hızla azalmıştır. Buna karşın ülkeler iç piyasalarını korumak ve uluslararası pazarlarda ki çıkarlarını artırmak amacıyla tarife dışı engeller uygulamaya başlamışlardır. Uluslararası ticarette tarife dışı engellerin ne şekilde ve ne ölçüde etki ettiğini hesaplamak oldukça sıkıntılı olmakla birlikte ülkelerin uluslararası ticaret politikaları açısından büyük öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, GTAP veri tabanında oluşturulan 72 ülke (bölge) ve 20 gıda ve tarım sektörüne indirgenmiş model yardımıyla Türkiye’ye uygulanan ve Türkiye’nin uyguladığı tarife dışı engellerin hesaplanması amaçlanmıştır. Analiz sonucuna göre, tütün ve tütün mamulleri, kanatlı eti ve yumurta ürünlerinin ağırlıkta olduğu ürün grubu ile diğer tahıl ürünlerinin, ülkeler ve bölgeler itibariyle en çok teknik engele maruz kalan ürünler ve sektörler olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Türkiye’nin Kuru Üzüm Dış Satım Potansiyelinin Çekim Modeli İle İncelenmesi
Authors: SAVAŞ Yüksel , IŞIN Ferruh 
Published: January 2020

Bu
çalışma ile Türkiye’nin kuru üzüm ihracatına etkileyen bazı değişkenlerin yer
aldığı tutarlı bir çekim modelinin belirlenmesi ve bu model tahminleri ile
gerçekleşen değerlerin karşılaştırılmasıyla dış satım potansiyelinin kullanım
durumunun ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada Türkiye’nin, son 10 yıllık
ortalamalarına göre kuru üzüm dışsatımının %94.4’ünü gerçekleştirildiği
belirlenen ilk 20 ülkeye ait 21 yıllık veriler kullanılmıştır. Parks-Kmenta
tahmincisi kullanılarak esnek genelleştirilmiş en küçük kareler yöntemi ile
model sonuçları elde edilmiştir. İthalatçı ülkelerin
kişi başı GSYH’lerindeki % 1’lik artışın Türkiye’den yapacakları kuru üzüm
ithalatlarını %0.83 arttıracağı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ülkelerin toplam kuru
üzüm ithalatlarında meydana gelen %1’lik artışta ise Türkiye’den yapacakları
kuru üzüm ithalatının %0.96 artacağı sonucu elde edilmiştir. Türkiye’nin
toplamda modelin tahmininden yıllık %39 daha fazla ihracat gerçekleştirdiği
görülmektedir. En düşük potansiyel değerlendirmesi yıllık %22 oranla Japonya’ya
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çekya ve Yunanistan’a modele yakın ama altında dış satım yapılırken,
İsveç %68, Kanada %38, Rusya %25, Avusturya
%18 oranlarında daha az ihracatın yapıldığı ülkelerdir.
Tüketicilerin Gıda Ürünleri Satın Alma Davranışının İncelenmesi: İzmir İli Örneği
Authors: ÖNCÜL Melike , SEKMAN Yusuf , KINIKLI Filiz , ARTUKOĞLU Metin 
Published: January 2020

Tüketici
satın alma davranışı; nihai tüketicinin yani kişisel tüketim için mal ve hizmet
satın alan hane halkı ya da bireylerin satın alma davranışıdır. Satın alma
davranışı sosyal, kültürel, psikolojik ve kişisel faktörlerden etkilendiği
için, kişiler homojen özellik
göstermemektedirler. Bundan dolayı kişiden kişiye değişip farklı satın alma
eylemleri ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın ana amacı, tüketicilerin gıda
ürünleri satın alırken dikkat ettikleri temel özelliklerin belirlenmesine
yöneliktir. Bununla birlikte tüketicilerin gıda ürünlerini ilk kez satın alma
kararı vermede etkili olan faktörleri ve gıda ürünleri satın alırken marka
tercihinde gösterilen davranış şekillerini belirlemek çalışmanın amaçları
arasında yer almaktadır. Araştırma İzmir ili merkez ilçelerdeki (Karabağlar,
Buca, Bornova, Konak, Karşıyaka, Bayraklı, Çiğli, Gaziemir, Balçova, Narlıdere,
Güzelbahçe) tüketicileri kapsamaktadır. Çalışmada, 300 tüketiciden elde edilen
veriler kullanılmıştır. Tüketicilerin gıda ürünlerini satın alma davranışı
incelenirken, tüketicilerin yaş ve cinsiyetleri ile bağlantı kurulmuştur.
Tüketiciler gıda ürünlerini satın alırken dikkat ettikleri en önemli faktörün
fiyat olduğu saptanmıştır. ‘Fiyat’ kriterini, ‘doğal içerik’ ve ‘duygusal
çekicilik’ kriteri takip etmektedir. Gıda ürünlerini ilk kez satın almada ise
en önemli faktörün ‘tat’ olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Çiftçilerin Kooperatifçiliğe Bakış Açıları Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Ağrı Ve Eskişehir İlleri Örneği
Authors: KAYA Necat , ÇOKER Sultan , KINIKLI Filiz , YERCAN Murat 
Published: January 2020

Üreticilerin örgütlü bir
yapıda olmaması, tarım sektörünün en önemli sorunlarından biridir. Bilindiği
gibi; örgütlenmenin temelini
tarımsal kooperatiﬂer oluşturmaktadır. Tarım kesimindeki üreticilerin
yeterince kooperatifleşememeleri, girdi tedariki, pazarlama gibi konuların
etkin bir şekilde sağlanamamasına yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın esas amacı; Ağrı ve Eskişehir
illerindeki çiftçilerin kooperatifçiliğe bakış açılarını ortaya koymaktır. Bununla birlikte; Ağrı ve Eskişehir çiftçilerin sosyo-ekonomik yapısını,
üretim desenlerini, kooperatifler hakkında bilgi düzeylerini ve
kooperatiflerden beklentilerinin ortaya koymak çalışmanın amaçları arasında yer
almaktadır. Araştırma Ağrı ve Eskişehir
illerindeki çiftçileri kapsamaktadır. Her iki ilden de 50 çiftçi ile
görüşülerek, toplam 100 hane ile
anket yapılmıştır. Veriler
değerlendirilirken basit ortalamalar, yüzde hesapları, gruplar arası farklar ve
Best-Worst analizleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, her iki ildeki
çiftçilerin de kooperatiflerin yararlı olduklarını düşündükleri tespit
edilmiştir. Ağrı ilinde herhangi bir tarımsal kooperatifin bulunmadığı ve çiftçilerin kooperatiflerin sağladığı avantajlardan
faydalanamadıkları belirlenmiş ve bölgeye yeni bir kooperatif kurulması için
çiftçilerin istekli olduğu görülmüştür.
Eskişehir ilinde ise çiftçiler kooperatif faaliyetlerinden memnun
olduklarını söyleseler de, kooperatifin sattığı yemin fiyatının pahalı
olmasından dolayı şikâyet etmektedirler.