bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance characteristics of a quantitative PCR assay on repository stool specimens and smeared filter-paper cards
Authors: Tisdale Michele , Mitra Indrani , McCoy Andrea J , Simons Mark P , Reynolds Nathanael D , Swierczewski Brett E , Liu Jie , Houpt Eric R , Fraser Jamie A , Riddle Mark S , Tribble David R , Lalani Tahaniyat 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective Stool repositories are a valuable resource for retrospective analyses including quantitative PCR assays to distinguish between asymptomatic shedding and clinical disease. The suitability of archival specimens for this purpose is unclear and requires assessment. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate pathogen detection by TaqMan Array Card (TAC) in travelers’ diarrhea (TD) stool specimens stored for 1-13 years, as well as the impact of transporting specimens on Whatman FTA Elute cards (FTA Cards) on detection. Results The positive percent agreement (PPA) for TAC on stool vs. microbiologic testing was lower than our a priori PPA estimate of 80% for most pathogens: Shigella spp. (100% [95%CI: 69-100%]), enterotoxigenic E coli (ETEC) (63% [95%CI: 49-75%]), Campylobacter spp. (66% [95%CI: 43-85%]) and Norovirus (37% [95%CI: 16-61%]). Use of the FTA card resulted in a further reduction of PPA. Our findings suggest that archival specimens may lead to insensitive detection on quantitative PCR assays due to degradation of nucleic acid with prolonged storage, although our limited sample size precluded us from evaluating the impact of storage duration on nucleic acid yield. Additional studies are needed to understand the impact of storage duration on quantitative PCR data.
Optimization of orbital retraction during endoscopic transorbital approach via quantitative measurement of the intraocular pressure – SevEN 006
Authors: Kim Woo Hyun , Moon Ju Hyung , Kim Eui Hyun , Hong Chang Ki , Han Ji Sang , Hong Je Beom 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Increased use of the transorbital approach (TOA) warrants greater understanding of the risk of increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and intraorbital pressure (IORP) due to orbital compression. We aimed to investigate the changes in IOP and IORP in response to orbital retraction in TOA and establish a method for the continuous measurement of intraoperative IORP.Methods: We assessed nine patients who underwent TOA surgery from January 2017 to December 2019, in addition to five cadavers. IORP and IOP were measured using a cannula needle monitor, tonometer, cuff manometer, and micro strain gauge monitor.Results: In all nine clinical cases and five cadavers, increased physical compression of the orbit increased the IOP and IORP in a curvilinear pattern. In clinical cases, when the orbit was compressed 1.5 cm from the lateral margin in the sagittal plane, the mean IOP and IORP were 25.4±5.2 mmHg and 14±9.2 mmH2O, respectively. The IORP satisfactorily reflected the IOP (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.824, p<0.001).Conclusion: We measured IOP and IORP simultaneously during orbital compression to gain basic information on pressure changes. In clinical cases, the change in the IOP could be conveniently and noninvasively monitored using continuous IORP measurements.
Engaging Patients and Family Members to Design and Implement Patient-Centered Kidney Disease Research
Authors: Browne Teri , Swoboda Amy , Ephraim Patti L. , Lang-Lindsey Katina , Green Jamie A. , Hill-Briggs Felicia , Jackson George L. , Ruff Suzanne , Schmidt Lana , Woods Peter , Danielson Patty , Bolden Shakur , Bankes Brian , Hauer Chelsie , Strigo Tara , Boulware L. Ebony 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: This article describes a method for successful engagement of patients and family members in all stages of a 5-year comparative effectiveness research trial to improve transitions of care for patients from chronic kidney disease to end-stage kidney disease.Methods: This project utilized the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute's conceptual model for engagement with patients and family members. We conducted a qualitative analysis of grant planning meetings to determine patient and family member Co-Investigators' priorities for research and to include these engagement efforts in the research design. Patient and family member Co-Investigators partnered in writing this paper.Results: Patients and family members were successfully engaged in remote and in-person meetings to contribute actively to research planning and implementation stages. Three patient-centered themes emerged from our data related to engagement that informed our research plan: kidney disease treatment decision-making, care transitions from chronic to end-stage kidney disease, and patient-centered outcomes. Conclusions: The model we have employed represents a new paradigm for kidney disease research in the United States, with patients and family members engaged as full research partners. As a result, the study tests an intervention that directly responds to their needs, and it prioritizes the collection of outcomes data most relevant to patient and family member Co-Investigators.Trial registration: NCT02722382
Morphological study of the vastus medialis oblique in recurrent patellar dislocation based on magnetic resonance images
Authors: Shu Lei , Yang Xu , He Hangyuan , Chen Biao , Chen Liaobin , Ni Qubo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the morphological parameters of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) muscle and delineate its importance in the maintenance of patellofemoral joint stability. Methods: The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 75 knees (54 patients) with recurrent lateral patella dislocation (LPD) and 75 knees (70 patients) without recurrent LPD were retrospectively analysed. Five morphological parameters related to the VMO (elevation in the sagittal plane and coronal plane, craniocaudal extent, muscle-fibre angulation, cross-sectional area ratio) and two patella tilt parameters (patella tilt angle, bisect offset ratio) were measured in MRI images. The independent-samples t test or chi-square test was used for statistical comparisons. Results: The mean ages of the patients in the recurrent LPD group and control group were 22.1 ± 9.9 years and 24.0 ± 6.5 years, respectively. MRI demonstrated that 24% (18 of 75) VMO injuries were found in recurrent LPD patients. Compared with the control group, the patients with recurrent LPD showed significantly higher sagittal VMO elevation (10.4 ± 2.3 mm vs 4.1 ± 1.9 mm), coronal VMO elevation (15.9 ± 5.7 mm vs 3.9 ± 3.7 mm), muscle-fibre angulation (35.4 ± 8.0° vs 27.9 ± 6.3°), patella tilt angle (25.9 ± 10.7° vs 9.1 ± 5.2°), and bisect offset ratio values (0.9 ± 0.3 vs 0.5 ± 0.1) and significantly lower craniocaudal extent (13.7 ± 5.3 mm vs 16.7 ± 5.1 mm) and cross-sectional area ratio values (0.05 ± 0.02 vs 0.07 ± 0.02). Conclusions: The results showed that abnormalities in the VMO and patella tilt were clearly present in recurrent LPD patients compared with normal people.
Results of repeat manipulation under ultrasound-guided cervical nerve root block (MUC) with corticosteroid and local anesthetic injection for recurrence of frozen shoulder.&nbsp;
Authors: Oshiro Tatsuki , Yagi Masayoshi , Harada Kazuki , Park Kieun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the clinical results of a repeat manipulation under ultrasound-guided cervical nerve root block (MUC) with corticosteroid and local anesthetic injection for recurrence of idiopathic frozen shoulder after MUC.MethodsA consecutive series of 42 shoulders in 39 patients with idiopathic frozen shoulder underwent MUC. All patients were assessed according to the American Shoulder Elbow Surgeon (ASES) score and shoulder range of motion (ROM) both before MUC and at one-year thereafter. If patients continued to have pain and limited ROM at 3 months after the procedure, they were offered a repeat MUC. Such patients were also assessed before the procedure and at 3 months and one-year thereafter.Results The initial MUC was successful in 31 shoulders (single group). Repeat MUC was required in 11 shoulders (repeat group). Patients in the single group showed significant improvement in ROM and ASES score at one-year after the procedure (p<0.001); similarly, patients in the repeat group had significant improvement in ROM and ASES score at 3 months and one-year after the procedure (p<0.001). Patients in the repeat group had had significantly more severely limited ROM (p<0.01) and decreased ASES score (p<0.001) before the procedure compared with those in the single group.ConclusionsA repeat MUC with corticosteroid and local anesthetic injection is a valuable option before proceeding to surgery for recurrence of idiopathic frozen shoulder. When there is severely limited ROM and decreased ASES score before the MUC, a repeat MUC may be　necessary, which would require the patient’s informed consent.Trial registration Retrospectively registered.
Investigating effects of preoperative inflammatory biomarkers on predicting survival outcomes of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after curative resection.
Authors: Zhang Zeyu , Zhou Yufan , Hu Kuan , Huang Yun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) stands as the second most common malignant tumor in liver with poor patient prognosis. Increasing evidences have shown that inflammation plays a significant role in tumor progression, angiogenesis and metastasis. However, the prognosis significance of inflammatory biomarkers on recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in ICC patients is poorly recognized.Methods: ICC patients who underwent curative hepatectomy and diagnosed pathologically were retrospectively analyzed. Inflammatory biomarkers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), were investigated.Results: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed no significance in NLR, PLR and LMR in RFS and OS, while significant results were shown on SII in both RFS (P=0.035) and OS (P=0.034) with areas under ROC curve as 0.63 (95%CI: 0.52-0.74) and 0.62 (95%CI: 0.51-0.72), respectively. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed statistically significant better survival data in SII-low groups on both RFS (P＜0.001) and OS (P＜0.001). The univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that higher level of SII was independently associated with both poorer RFS time and OS time. However, no significant result was shown on NLR, PLR or LMR.Conclusion: SII is an effective prognostic factor for predicting the prognosis of ICC patient undergone curative hepatectomy, while NLR, PLR and LMR are not associated with clinical outcomes of these patients.
Liver Resection for Colorectal Liver-limited Metastases in Elderly Patients: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Jin Ke-Min , Wang Kun , Bao Quan , Wang Hong-Wei , Xing Bao-Cai 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Few studies have focused on the role of hepatectomy for colorectal liver-limited metastases in elderly patients compared to matched younger patients.Methods: From January 2000 to December 2018, 724 patients underwent hepatectomy for colorectal liver-limited metastases. Based on a 1:2 propensity score matching (PSM) model, 64 elderly patients (≥70 years of age) were matched to 128 younger patients (＜70 years of age) to obtain two balanced groups with regards to demographic, therapeutic and prognostic factors.Results: There were 73 elderly and 651 younger patients in the unmatched cohort. Compared with the younger group (YG), the elderly group (EG) had significantly higher proportion of American Society of Anesthesiologists score Ⅲ and comorbidities, and lower proportion of more than 3 liver metastases and postoperative chemotherapy (p<0.05). After PSM for these factors, rat sarcoma virus proto-oncogene/B-Raf proto-oncogene (RAS/BRAF) mutation status and primary tumor sidedness, the EG had significantly less median intraoperative blood loss than the YG (175ml vs. 200ml, p=0.046), a shorter median postoperative hospital stay (8 days vs. 11 days, p=0.020) and a higher readmission rate (4.7% vs.0%, p=0.036). The EG also had longer disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) compared to the YG, but these findings were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Old age was not an independent factor for DFS, OS and CSS by Cox multivariate regression analysis (p>0.05).Conclusions: Hepatectomy is safe for colorectal liver-limited metastases in elderly patients, and these patients may subsequently benefit from prolonged DFS, OS and CSS.
Age Distribution and Associated Factors of Cornea Biomechanical Parameter Stress-Strain Index in Chinese Healthy Population
Authors: Liu Guihua , Rong Hua , Pei Ruxia , Du Bei , Jin Nan , Wang Di , Jin Chengcheng , Wei Ruihua 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the new cornea biomechanical parameter stress-strain index (SSI) in Chinese healthy people and the factors associated with SSI.Methods: A total of 175 eyes from 175 participants were included in this study. Axial length was measured with the Lenstar LS-900. Pentacam measured curvature of the cornea and anterior chamber volume (ACV). Cornea biomechanical properties assessments were performed by corneal visualization Scheimpflug technology (Corvis ST). Student’s t-test, one-way ANOVA, partial least square linear regression (PLSLR) and linear mixed effects (LME) model were used in the statistical analysis.Results: The mean (±SD) SSI was 1.14 ± 0.22 (range, 0.66–1.78) in all subjects and affected by age significantly after age of 35 (P < 0.05). In LME models, SSI was significantly associated with age (β=0.526, P<0.001), axial length (AL) (β=-0.541, P<0.001), intraocular pressure (IOP) (β=0.326, P<0.001) and steepest radius of anterior corneal curvature (RsF) (β=0.229, P<0.001) but not with ACV, biomechanical corrected intraocular pressure (bIOP), flattest radius of anterior corneal curvature (RfF) or central corneal thickness (CCT) (P>0.05 for each).Conclusions: SSI increased with age after the age of 35. In addition to age, SSI was positively correlated with RsF and IOP, while negatively correlated with AL.
Electrochemical detection of white spot syndrome virus with a silicone rubber disposable electrode composed of graphene quantum dots and gold nanoparticle-embedded polyaniline nanowires
Authors: Takemura Kenshin , Satoh Jun , Boonyakida Jirayu , Park Sungjo , Chowdhury Ankan Dutta , Park Enoch Y. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: With the enormous increment of globalization and global warming, it is expected that the number of newly evolved infectious diseases will continue to increase. To prevent damage due to these infections, the development of a diagnostic method for detecting a virus with high sensitivity in a short time is highly desired. In this study, we have developed a high-sensitivity and high-accuracy disposable electrode and evaluated it for several target viruses. Results: Conductive silicon rubber (CSR) was used to fabricate a disposable sensing matrix composed of nitrogen and sulfur-codoped graphene quantum dots (N,S-GQDs) and a gold-polyaniline nanocomposite (AuNP-PAni). A specific anti-white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) antibody was conjugated to the surface of this nanocomposite, which wassuccessfully applied for the detection of WSSV over a wide linear range of 1.45 × 10 2 to 1.45 × 10⁵ DNA copies/ml, with a detection limit as low as 48.4 DNA copies/ml. Conclusion: The engineered sensor electrode can retain the detection activity for up to 5 weeks, a vital long-term stability requirement for disposable sensing applications. This is the first demonstration of the detection of WSSV by ananofabricated sensing electrode with high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability, providing a potential diagnostic tool to monitor WSSV in the aquaculture industry.
Repeat pulmonary resection for lung malignancies does not affect the postoperative complications: a retrospective study
Authors: Motono Nozomu , Iwai Shun , Iijima Yoshihito , Usuda Katsuo , Uramoto Hidetaka 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Although repeat pulmonary resection (RPR) for multiple lung cancer (MLC) has been performed for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and metastatic lung tumor, with the prognostic benefit detailed in several reports, the risk of RPR has not been well analyzed.Methods: Patients with lung malignancies who underwent complete resection at Kanazawa Medical University between January 2010 and October 2019 were analyzed. The relationship between postoperative complications and preoperative and perioperative factors was analyzed. Postoperative complications were categorized into five grades according to the Clavien–Dindo classification system.Results: A total of 41 patients who were received RPR were enrolled in this study. Primary lung tumor was found in 31 patients, and metastatic lung tumor was found in 10 patients. The postoperative complication rate of the first operation was 29%, and that of the second operation was 29%. While there were no significant factors for an increased incidence of postoperative complication in a multivariate analysis, an operation time over 2 h at the second operation tended to affect the incidence of postoperative complication (p=0.06). Furthermore, the operation time was significantly longer (p=0.02) and wound length tended to be longer (p=0.07) in the ipsilateral group than in the contralateral group. The rate of postoperative complications and the length of the postoperative hospital stay were not significantly different between the two groups.Conclusion: RPR is safely feasible and is not associated with an increased rate of postoperative complications, even on the ipsilateral side.
Development and Validation of the Peptic Ulcer Scale under the System of Quality of Life Instruments for Chronic Diseases based on Classical Test Theory and Generalizability Theory
Authors: Wan Chonghua , Chen Ying , Gao Li , Zhang Qingqing , Quan Peng , Sun Xiaoyuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Quality of life (QOL) for patients with Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is of interest worldwide and disease-specific instruments are needed for clinical research and practice. This paper focus on the development and validation of the PUD scale under the system of Quality of Life Instruments for Chronic Diseases (QLICD-PU) by the modular approach and both classical test theory and Generalizability Theory.Methods: The QLICD-PU is developed based on programmatic decision-making procedures, including multiple nominal and focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and quantitative statistical procedures. Based on the data of 153 PUD inpatients, correlation analysis, factor analysis, t-test, and Generalizability Theory analysis (including generalizability study and decision study, ie. G-study and D-study) were used to assess the validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the scale.Results: When the popular scale health survey short form (SF-36) was used as the standard, correlation and factor analysis confirmed good construct validity and criterion-related validity of QLICD-PU. Except for the social domain (0.62), the internal consistency α of all domains is higher than 0.70. The overall score and the test-retest reliability coefficients (Pearson r and intra-class correlation ICC) in all domains are higher than 0.80 (0.77 in the social domain). After treatments, the overall score and scores of all domains have statistically significant changes (P <0.01), except for social impact and sexual function scores. The SRM of domain-level scores ranges from 0.34 to 1.03. The G coefficient and reliability index (Ф coefficient) further confirm the reliability of the scale through more accurate variance components and decision-making information about changes in the number of items.Conclusions: The QLICD-PU can be used as a useful measurement to assess the quality of life of PUD patients with good psychometric characteristics and multiple advantages.
Advanced care planning during the COVID-19 pandemic: ceiling of care decisions and their implications for observational data
Authors: Straw Sam , McGinlay Melanie , Drozd Michael , Slater Thomas A , Cowley Alice , Kamalathasan Stephe , Maxwell Nicholas , Bird Rory , Koshy Aaron O , Prica Milos , Patel Peysh A , Relton Samuel D , Gierula John , Cubbon Richard M , Kearney Mark T , Witte Klaus K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Observational studies investigating risk factors in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have not considered the confounding effects of advanced care planning, such that a valid picture of risk for elderly, frail and multi-morbid patients is unknown. We aimed to report ceiling of care and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) decisions and their association with demographic and clinical characteristics as well as outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Retrospective, observational study conducted between 5th March and 7th May 2020 of all hospitalised patients with COVID-19. Ceiling of care and CPR decisions were documented using the Recommended Summary Plan for Emergency Care and Treatment (ReSPECT) process. Unadjusted and multivariable regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with ceiling of care decisions and death during hospitalisation.Results A total of 485 patients were included, of whom 409 (84·3%) had a documented ceiling of care; level one for 208 (50·9%), level two for 75 (18·3%) and level three for 126 (30·8%). CPR decisions were documented for 451 (93·0%) of whom 336 (74·5%) were ‘not for resuscitation’. Advanced age, frailty, White-European ethnicity, a diagnosis of any co-morbidity and receipt of cardiovascular medications were associated with ceiling of care decisions. In a multivariable model only advanced age (odds 0·89, 0·86-0·93 p<0·001), frailty (odds 0·48, 0·38-0·60, p<0·001) and the cumulative number of co-morbidities (odds 0·72, 0·52-1·0, p=0·048) were independently associated. Death during hospitalisation was independently associated with age, frailty and requirement for level two or three care.Conclusion Ceiling of care decisions were made for the majority of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, broadly in line with known predictors of poor outcomes in COVID-19, but with a focus on co-morbidities suggesting ICU admission might not be a reliable end-point for observational studies where advanced care planning is routine.