bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel use of pop-up satellite archival telemetry in sawsharks: insights into the movement of the common sawshark Pristiophorus cirratus (Pristiophoridae)
Authors: Burke Patrick J. , Mourier Johann , Gaston Troy F. , Williamson Jane E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding movement patterns of a species is vital for optimising conservation and management strategies. This information is often difficult to obtain in the marine realm for species that regularly occur at depth. The common sawshark (Pristiophorus cirratus) is a small, benthic-associated elasmobranch species that occurs from shallow to deep-sea environments. No information is known regarding its movement ecology. Despite this,P. cirrataare still regularly landed as nontargeted catch in the south eastern Australian fisheries. Three individuals were tagged with pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) off the coast of Tasmania, Australia, to test the viability of satellite tagging on these small elasmobranchs and to provide novel insights into their movement.ResultsTags were successfully retained for up to 3 weeks, but movement differed on an individual basis. All three individuals displayed a post-release response to tagging and limited vertical movement was observed for up to 5–7 days post-tagging. Temperature loggers on the tags suggest the animals were not stationary but moved horizontally during this time, presumably in a flight response. After this response, continuous wavelet transformations identified diel vertical movements in one individual at cyclical intervals of 12- and 24-hour periods; however, two others did not display as clear a pattern. Temperature was not significantly correlated with movement in the study period. The deepest depths recorded during the deployments for all individuals was approximately 120 m and the shallowest was 5 m.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that sawsharks can be successfully tagged by pop-up satellite archival tags. The data presented here show that sawsharks regularly move both horizontally and vertically in the water column, which was an unexpected result for this small benthic species. Additional research aimed at resolving the trophic ecology will help identify the drivers of these movements and help to better define the ecological, behavioural and physiological roles of these sharks in their ecosystems. These data describe a substantial ability to move in the common sawshark that was previously unknown and provides the first account of movement ecology on the family of sawsharks: Pristiophoridae.
Balancing nutrition management and the role of dietitians in eating disorder treatment
Authors: Jeffrey Shane , Heruc Gabriella 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe symptoms of starvation and dietary restriction are often the subject of targeted intervention in evidence-based treatments across eating disorder diagnoses and treatment models. Despite the level of attention given to these symptoms of clinical malnutrition, they are often treated by health professionals with no nutritional qualifications and in a non-clinical manner in the outpatient setting, with dietitians having no defined role in manualised treatment models. Recently the Australia & New Zealand Academy for Eating Disorders (ANZAED) published practice and training standards for dietitians to help characterise their role in eating disorder treatment. Since malnutrition, secondary to dietary restriction, is a clinically significant nutritional diagnosis that co-occurs in eating disorder presentations, this commentary proposes that dietitians are ideally-positioned to assess and advise on the clinical aspects of malnutrition as a key member of the multidisciplinary team. Food is a central focus in eating disorder treatment, suggesting that nutritional care needs to be addressed by a dietitian alongside the psychological aspects of care that are addressed by a mental health professional.
Is the eye a window to the brain in Sanfilippo syndrome?
Authors: Beard Helen , Chidlow Glyn , Neumann Daniel , Nazri Nazzmer , Douglass Meghan , Trim Paul J. , Snel Marten F. , Casson Robert J. , Hemsley Kim M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSanfilippo syndrome is an untreatable form of childhood-onset dementia. Whilst several therapeutic strategies are being evaluated in human clinical trials including i.v. delivery of AAV9-based gene therapy, an urgent unmet need is the availability of non-invasive, quantitative measures of neurodegeneration. We hypothesise that as part of the central nervous system, the retina may provide a window through which to ‘visualise’ degenerative lesions in brain and amelioration of them following treatment. This is reliant on the age of onset and the rate of disease progression being equivalent in retina and brain.
For the first time we have assessed in parallel, the nature, age of onset and rate of retinal and brain degeneration in a mouse model of Sanfilippo syndrome. Significant accumulation of heparan sulphate and expansion of the endo/lysosomal system was observed in both retina and brain pre-symptomatically (by 3 weeks of age). Robust and early activation of micro- and macroglia was also observed in both tissues. There was substantial thinning of retina and loss of rod and cone photoreceptors by ~ 12 weeks of age, a time at which cognitive symptoms are noted. Intravenous delivery of a clinically relevant AAV9-human sulphamidase vector to neonatal mice prevented disease lesion appearance in retina and most areas of brain when assessed 6 weeks later. Collectively, the findings highlight the previously unrecognised early and significant involvement of retina in the Sanfilippo disease process, lesions that are preventable by neonatal treatment with AAV9-sulphamidase. Critically, our data demonstrate for the first time that the advancement of retinal disease parallels that occurring in brain in Sanfilippo syndrome, thus retina may provide an easily accessible neural tissue via which brain disease development and its amelioration with treatment can be monitored.
Microembolus clearance through angiophagy is an auxiliary mechanism preserving tissue perfusion in the rat brain
Authors: van der Wijk Anne-Eva , Georgakopoulou Theodosia , Majolée Jisca , van Bezu Jan S. M. , van der Stoel Miesje M. , van het Hof Bert J. , de Vries Helga E. , Huveneers Stephan , Hordijk Peter L. , Bakker Erik N. T. P. , van Bavel Ed 
Published: November 2020

AbstractConsidering its intolerance to ischemia, it is of critical importance for the brain to efficiently process microvascular occlusions and maintain tissue perfusion. In addition to collateral microvascular flow and enzymatic degradation of emboli, the endothelium has the potential to engulf microparticles and thereby recanalize the vessel, through a process called angiophagy. Here, we set out to study the dynamics of angiophagy in relation to cytoskeletal remodeling in vitro and reperfusion in vivo. We show that polystyrene microspheres and fibrin clots are actively taken up by (brain) endothelial cells in vitro, and chart the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton during this process using live cell imaging. Whereas microspheres were taken up through the formation of a cup structure by the apical endothelial membrane, fibrin clots were completely engulfed by the cells, marked by dense F-actin accumulation surrounding the clot. Both microspheres and fibrin clots were retained in the endothelial cells. Notably, fibrin clots were not degraded intracellularly. Using an in vivo microembolization rat model, in which microparticles are injected into the common carotid artery, we found that microspheres are transported by the endothelium from the microvasculature into the brain parenchyma. Microembolization with microspheres caused temporal opening of the blood–brain barrier and vascular nonperfusion, followed by microsphere extravasation and restoration of vessel perfusion over time. Taken together, angiophagy is accompanied by active cytoskeletal remodeling of the endothelium, and is an effective mechanism to restore perfusion of the occluded microvasculature in vivo.
Modeling of Bohemian and Moravian glass recipes from Gothic to Baroque periods
Authors: Pánová Karolína , Rohanová Dana , Randáková Simona 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Bohemian historical glasses have been neglected and have not been in focus of Archaeometric studies so far. Potassium-calcium wood ash glasses, produced in Bohemia and Moravia, from the beginning of the 14th century to the first half of the 18th century, are chemically different from the glasses produced in the same period in Western Europe. There are no written sources for glass batch recipes for Gothic (14th–1st half of 16th c.) and Renaissance (16th–17th c.) glass, while there are only few for the Baroque (end of 17th–18th c.) glass recipes. Systematically investigating the chemical composition and typology of archaeological glasses, we have chosen to reconstruct the glass recipes of potassium-calcium glasses from the three periods. In this study, the glass recipes (the ratio of the raw materials) were calculated based on the chemical composition of the historical glasses studied by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive System (SEM/EDS). The composition of the authentic natural raw materials was studied by XRF and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD): sand or quartz pebbles, beech ash and potash, limestone, NaCl, and As2O3. Model glasses confirmed our presumption of gradual development in the Bohemian glass batch recipes, which used very simple raw materials ratios.
Impact of teacher-student writing conferences on frequency and accuracy of using cohesive devices in EFL students’ writing
Authors: Alfalagg Abdullah Rajab 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWhile the bulk of feedback studies have focused on written corrective feedback, oral feedback in teacher-student writing conferences in EFL context has been underexplored. This article investigated teacher oral feedback based on the tenets of sociocultural theory. It examined the impact of teacher-student writing conferences on students’ accuracy and frequency of cohesive devices employment. The study followed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, intervention and post-test. Data were collected from an intensive writing course for intermediate students at the college level. Based on guided-free writing prompts, the students had to write argumentative paragraphs of about 150–180 words followed by individual conference sessions to offer them oral feedback. The findings showed that oral feedback in writing conferences statistically impacted the students’ writing performance with huge effect size (Cohen’s d = 2.19). Moreover, the results demonstrated empirical evidence that writing conferences positively impacted the students’ frequency of employing referential markers (t value = − 3.011; p = 0.006 < 0.05) and conjunctions (t value = − 2.200; p = 0.039 < 0.05). Further, oral feedback statistically impacted the students’ accuracy of utilizing referential markers (t value = − 6.874; p = 0.000 < 0.05) and conjunctions (t value = − 7.253; p = 0.000 < 0.05). Writing conferences provided mediated learning experience for the students. The oral feedback assisted the students to decrease the overuse of the first, second person pronouns and the definite article ‘the’ with generic meaning in their writing. Instead, they depended on noun phrases and the third person pronouns which contributed to the text overall cohesion by creating explicit chains of references to the antecedents within the textual environment. Also, oral feedback helped the students to use conjunctions appropriately and accurately, so their texts were written densely cohesive. Pedagogical implications were discussed at the end of the article.
Improved non-invasive positron emission tomographic imaging of chemotherapy-induced tumor cell death using Zirconium-89-labeled APOMAB®
Authors: Liapis Vasilios , Tieu William , Rudd Stacey E. , Donnelly Paul S. , Wittwer Nicole L. , Brown Michael P. , Staudacher Alexander H. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The chimeric monoclonal antibody (mAb) chDAB4 (APOMAB®) targets the Lupus associated (La)/Sjögren Syndrome-B (SSB) antigen, which is over-expressed in tumors but only becomes available for antibody binding in dead tumor cells. Hence, chDAB4 may be used as a novel theranostic tool to distinguish between responders and nonresponders early after chemotherapy. Here, we aimed to ascertain which positron emitter, Zirconium-89 ([89Zr]ZrIV) or Iodine-124 ([124I]I), was best suited to label chDAB4 for post-chemotherapy PET imaging of tumor-bearing mice and to determine which of two different bifunctional chelators provided optimal tumor imaging by PET using [89Zr]ZrIV-labeled chDAB4.

Methods
C57BL/6 J mice bearing subcutaneous syngeneic tumors of EL4 lymphoma were either untreated or given chemotherapy, then administered radiolabeled chDAB4 after 24 h with its biodistribution examined using PET and organ assay. We compared chDAB4 radiolabeled with [89Zr] ZrIV or [124I] I, or [89Zr]Zr-chDAB4 using either DFO-NCS or DFOSq as a chelator.

Results
After chemotherapy, [89Zr]Zr-chDAB4 showed higher and prolonged mean (± SD) tumor uptake of 29.5 ± 5.9 compared to 7.8 ± 1.2 for [124I] I -chDAB4. In contrast, antibody uptake in healthy tissues was not affected. Compared to DFO-NCS, DFOSq did not result in significant differences in tumor uptake of [89Zr]Zr-chDAB4 but did alter the tumor:liver ratio in treated mice 3 days after injection in favour of DFOSq (8.0 ± 1.1) compared to DFO-NCS (4.2 ± 0.7).

Conclusion
ImmunoPET using chDAB4 radiolabeled with residualizing [89Zr] ZrIV rather than [124I] I optimized post-chemotherapy tumor uptake. Further, PET imaging characteristics were improved by DFOSq rather than DFO-NCS. Therefore, the radionuclide/chelator combination of [89Zr] ZrIV and DFOSq is preferred for the imminent clinical evaluation of chDAB4 as a selective tumor cell death radioligand.
Effect of temperature on predation by Harmonia axyridis (Pall.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on the walnut aphids Chromaphis juglandicola Kalt. and Panaphis juglandis (Goeze)
Authors: Gao Guizhen , Liu Siqi , Feng Likai , Wang Yuli , Lu Zhaozhi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The walnut aphid species Chromaphis juglandicola Kalt. and Panaphis juglandis (Goeze) are destructive insect pests. Harmonia axyridis (Pall.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is the main predatory insect with a wide geographical distribution. The feeding behavior of the predator against the two different aphid species might influence bio-control efficacy in walnut orchards.

Main body
Functional response of H. axyridis to various densities of the two aphid species was examined under temperatures ranging from 15 to 30 °C. The results showed that functional responses of H. axyridis towards C. juglandicola or P. juglandis fitted well with the Holling-II equation within the range of 15–30 °C. A greater biomass of aphids was consumed when the temperature increased from 15 to 30 °C. The predation efficacy of H. axyridis against C. juglandicola was greater than against P. juglandis, and the searching efficiency of H. axyridis against C. juglandicola was more effective than against P. juglandis. Moreover, predation rates against both aphid species decreased with increasing the H. axyridis density.

Conclusion
This study showed that H. axyridis was an effective predator against the two walnut aphids. Increasing temperature (15–30 °C) increased prey consumption. Interference between individuals from increasing predator density had a negative impact on predation rate against the two aphid species.
Assessment for acute pain management in post-total knee replacement (TKR): a prospective cohort study in two Saudi Arabian medical centers
Authors: Alameri Mariam Ahmad , Sulaiman Syed Azhar bin Syed , Moh’d Talaat Ashour Abdullah , Al-Saati Ma’ad Faisal 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Acute pain in post joint replacement surgeries is common, which makes the management of acute pain following joint replacement surgeries to be very important. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate acute pain management of post TKR surgeries.

Results
Patients with negative pain management index (PMI) scores were classified as receiving inadequate analgesic treatment for their pain. Zero PMI was the most frequent score among the others with 195 (80.6%). The rest were − 1 (11 (4.5%)), 1 (27 (11.2%)), and 2 (9 (3.7%)), respectively. Only 4.5% (11/242) patients have negative PMI score, which could be considered as inadequate pain management in which these patients received inadequate analgesic treatment.

Conclusion
Acute pain management in post-TKR surgeries in both medical centers achieved an acceptable level, and majority of patients received an adequate analgesia in post-TKR surgeries.
Setting scientific names at all taxonomic ranks in italics facilitates their quick recognition in scientific papers
Authors: Thines Marco , Aoki Takayuki , Crous Pedro W. , Hyde Kevin D. , Lücking Robert , Malosso Elaine , May Tom W. , Miller Andrew N. , Redhead Scott A. , Yurkov Andrey M. , Hawksworth David L. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIt is common practice in scientific journals to print genus and species names in italics. This is not only historical as species names were traditionally derived from Greek or Latin. Importantly, it also facilitates the rapid recognition of genus and species names when skimming through manuscripts. However, names above the genus level are not always italicized, except in some journals which have adopted this practice for all scientific names. Since scientific names treated under the various Codes of nomenclature are without exception treated as Latin, there is no reason why names above genus level should be handled differently, particularly as higher taxon names are becoming increasingly relevant in systematic and evolutionary studies and their italicization would aid the unambiguous recognition of formal scientific names distinguishing them from colloquial names. Several leading mycological and botanical journals have already adopted italics for names of all taxa regardless of rank over recent decades, as is the practice in theInternational Code of Nomenclature for algae,fungi, and plants,and we hereby recommend that this practice be taken up broadly in scientific journals and textbooks.
Adapting a skills-based stroke prevention intervention for communities in Ghana: a qualitative study
Authors: Ojo Temitope , Ryan Nessa , Birkemeier Joel , Appleton Noa , Ampomah Isaac , Glozah Franklin , Adongo Philip Baba , Adanu Richard , Boden-Albala Bernadette 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundStroke is a major cause of death in Ghana. Evidence-based interventions for stroke prevention have been successful in the US; however, in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), such interventions are scarce. The “Discharge Education Strategies for Reduction of Vascular Events” (DESERVE) intervention led to a 10-mmHg reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) among Hispanic survivors of mild/moderate stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) at 1-year follow-up. Our objectives were to capture the perceptions of a diverse set of stakeholders in an urban community in Ghana regarding (1) challenges to optimal hypertension management and (2) facilitators and barriers to implementation of an evidence-based, skills-based educational tool for hypertension management in this context.MethodsThis exploratory study used purposive sampling to enroll diverse stakeholders in Accra (N= 38). To identify facilitators and barriers, we conducted three focus group discussions: one each with clinical nurses (n= 5), community health nurses (n= 20), and hypertensive adults (n= 10). To further examine structural barriers, we conducted three key informant interviews with medical leadership. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was carried out via deductive coding based on Proctor’s implementation outcomes taxonomy, which conceptualizes constructs that shape implementation, such as acceptability, adoption, appropriateness, cost, and feasibility.ResultsFindings highlight facilitators, such as a perceived fit (appropriateness) of the core intervention components across stakeholders. The transferable components of DESERVE include: (1) a focus on risk knowledge, medication adherence, and patient–physician communication, (2) facilitation by lay workers, (3) use of patient testimonials, (4) use of a spirituality framework, and (5) application of a community-based approach. We report potential barriers that suggest adaptations to increase appropriateness and feasibility. These include addressing spiritual etiology of disease, allaying mistrust of biomedical intervention, and tailoring for gender norms. Acceptability may be a challenge among individuals with hypertension, who perceive relative advantage of alternative therapies like herbalism. Key informant interviews highlight structural barriers (high opportunity costs) among physicians, who perceive they have neither time nor capacity to educate patients.ConclusionsFindings further support the need for theory-driven, evidence-based interventions among hypertensive adults in urban, multiethnic Ghana. Findings will inform implementation strategies and future research.
Trends in Melanoma Mortality in Brazil: A Registry-Based Study
Authors: Nader Marta Guilherme , Munhoz Rodrigo Ramella , Teixeira Monica La Porte , Waldvogel Bernadette Cunha , Pires de Camargo Veridiana , Feher Olavo , Sanches Jose Antonio 
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE A substantial increase in melanoma incidence has been consistently observed worldwide over the past decades. However, melanoma mortality rates have remained stable or declined over the past years in most regions. Given the paucity of melanoma mortality data for different Brazilian regions, we sought to describe melanoma mortality trends in southeastern Brazil and their relationship with demographic variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional registry-based analysis was conducted to describe melanoma mortality trends in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1996 to 2016. Demographic information from melanoma-related death records, including sex and age, was collected from the Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados database. The annual percentage change (APC) was calculated to identify mortality trends over the period. RESULTS An increasing melanoma mortality trend was detected among males, regardless of age (APC, 1.72%; P < .001), and was more pronounced for men ≥ 60 years old (APC, 2.63%; P < .001). Melanoma mortality rates have also increased for patients ≥ 60 years old, regardless of sex (APC, 1.11%; P < .001). A non–statistically significant increase in the overall melanoma mortality rate was observed over the 20-year period analyzed (APC, 0.36%; P = .4). CONCLUSION Our data suggest a stable melanoma mortality over the past two decades for the overall population studied; however, a significant increase in melanoma mortality rates has been demonstrated among males and in the population ≥ 60 years old, emphasizing the need to implement prevention strategies and expand access to effective therapies for this population.
Droplet Handling for Chemical Reactors Using a Digital Microfluidic Device
Authors: Hirama Hirotada , Yoshii Satoshi , Komazaki Yusuke , Kano Shinya , Torii Toru , Mekaru Harutaka 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We present droplet manipulation using a digital microfluidic device comprising downward electrodes. Using this device, we demonstrated droplet transportation, programmable dispensing, and droplet coalescence without existing technical constraints on droplet manipulation. This device is expected to be useful for droplet-based multi-content screening and high-throughput screening in the field of analysis and synthesis.