bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Placement of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in addition to recanalization of acute and chronic portomesenteric vein occlusions – a retrospective evaluation
Authors: Barbier Charlotte Ebeling , Rorsman Fredrik , Eriksson Lars-Gunnar , Sangfelt Per , Sheikhi Reza , Vessby Johan , Nyman Rickard 
Published: October 2020

Background Portomesenteric vein thrombosis may be life-threatening due to bowel ischemia caused by venous stasis, or variceal bleeding caused by portal hypertension. Purpose To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of recanalization combined with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in acute and chronic portomesenteric vein thrombosis in patients with and without liver cirrhosis. Material and Methods 21 consecutive patients (5 women, 16 men; mean 48 years) with portomesenteric vein thrombosis (8 acute, 13 chronic) treated at the Interventional Radiology department between March 2014 and September 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The main portal vein was completely obliterated and the portomesenteric vein thrombosis extended into the superior mesenteric vein in all patients. The portomesenteric vein thromboses were recanalized transhepatically, a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt was inserted, thrombectomy was performed in acute portomesenteric vein thrombosis, and angioplasty with or without additional stenting was performed in chronic portomesenteric vein thrombosis. Results Recanalization was successful in 8/8 patients (100%) with acute portomesenteric vein thrombosis, and in 11/13 patients (85%) with chronic portomesenteric vein thrombosis. In 12 patients, blood flow was restored in one session. Several sessions were more frequently needed in patients with acute portomesenteric vein thrombosis compared to those with chronic portomesenteric vein thrombosis ( p = 0.003). Re-occlusion occurred and was recanalized in 10/19 patients and was more frequent in patients with chronic ( n = 8/11) than on those with acute ( n = 2/8) portomesenteric vein thrombosis ( p = 0.04). Adverse events occurred in five patients. There was no 30-day mortality. Conclusion Recanalization and insertion of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is safe and effective in patients with acute and chronic portomesenteric vein thrombosis with or without cirrhosis. Recanalization was more likely to stay patent in acute compared with chronic portomesenteric vein thrombosis.
Relationship of the Musculocutaneous Nerve and Its Twigs to the Coracoid Process: An Operative Exposure
Authors: Singh Hardeep , Yang Justin S. , Wiley Taylor , Judson Christopher , Arciero Robert A. , Mazzocca Augustus D. , Voss Andreas 
Published: October 2020

Background: A musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) injury is a rare complication of the Latarjet procedure. Most of these injuries are neurapraxias and resolve with time; however, permanent injuries can occur. Understanding the anatomy and relationship of the MCN to the coracoid process is essential to prevent injuries. Purpose: To provide realistic, in situ–referenced measurements for the Latarjet procedure. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A total of 12 matched-pair cadaveric specimens (24 fresh-frozen shoulders) were dissected. Coracoid osteotomy was performed, and the MCN and its respective twigs were identified. Measurements were made from the coracoid process to the entry site of the nerve twigs and trunk into the coracobrachialis muscle. Results: Overall, 70.8% of specimens had twigs; however, there was a discrepancy in the presence (41.7%) and number (75.0%) of twigs in the paired specimens. The most proximal twigs were, on average, 33.5 ± 8.1 mm (range, 21.9-47.6 mm) from the coracoid process. The main trunk was, on average, 51.1 ± 14.4 mm (range, 16.7-71.9 mm) from the coracoid process. In 33.3% of specimens, the nerve entered the coracobrachialis at a distance shorter than 5 cm below the coracoid process, and this increased to 91.7% when the twigs were accounted for. Conclusion: The previously described safe zone of 5 cm below the coracoid process may not be reliable to protect the MCN or its twigs. Using 3 cm would decrease the chances of damaging a twig or the main trunk. In 33.3% of the specimens, the nerve entered the coracobrachialis at a distance shorter than 5 cm below the coracoid process, and this increased to 91.7% when twigs were accounted for. Clinical Relevance: As the Latarjet procedure is an emerging technique, it is essential to be aware of the anatomic structures and the relation between different neural structures to anatomic points of reference. Therefore, the results of this study add significant information for a safe surgical procedure for the majority of patients suffering from shoulder instability.
Midostaurin in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and FLT3-TKD mutations: a subanalysis from the RATIFY trial
Authors: Voso Maria Teresa , Larson Richard A. , Jones Dan , Marcucci Guido , Prior Thomas , Krauter Jürgen , Heuser Michael , Lavorgna Serena , Nomdedeu Josep , Geyer Susan M. , Walker Alison , Wei Andrew H. , Sierra Jorge , Sanz Miguel A. , Brandwein Joseph M. , de Witte Theo M. , Jansen Joop H. , Niederwieser Dietger , Appelbaum Frederick R. , Medeiros Bruno C. , Tallman Martin S. , Schlenk Richard F. , Ganser Arnold , Amadori Sergio , Cheng Yuan , Chen YinMiao , Pallaud Celine , Du Ling , Piciocchi Alfonso , Ehninger Gerhard , Byrd John , Thiede Christian , Döhner Konstanze , Stone Richard M. , Döhner Hartmut , Bloomfield Clara D. , Lo-Coco Francesco 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The results from the RATIFY trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00651261; CALGB 10603) showed that midostaurin combined with standard chemotherapy significantly improved outcomes in patients with FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3)–mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML), compared with placebo. In this post hoc subgroup analysis from the trial, we evaluated the impact of midostaurin in 163 patients with FLT3-tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) mutations. At a median follow-up of 60.7 months (95% CI, 55.0-70.8), the 5-year event-free survival (EFS) rate was significantly higher in patients treated with midostaurin than in those treated with placebo (45.2% vs 30.1%; P = .044). A trend toward improved disease-free survival was also observed with midostaurin (67.3% vs 53.4%; P = .089), whereas overall survival (OS) was similar in the 2 groups. Patients with AML and NPM1mut/FLT3-TKDmut or core binding factor (CBF)–rearranged/FLT3-TKDmut genotypes had significantly prolonged OS with or without censoring at hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), compared with NPM1WT/CBF-negative AMLs. The multivariable model for OS and EFS adjusted for allogeneic HCT in first complete remission as a time-dependent covariable, revealed NPM1 mutations and CBF rearrangements as significant favorable factors. These data show that NPM1 mutations or CBF rearrangements identify favorable prognostic groups in patients with FLT3-TKD AMLs, independent of other factors, also in the context of midostaurin treatment.
Bronchoscopically delivered microwave ablation in anin vivoporcine lung model
Authors: Sebek Jan , Kramer Steve , Rocha Rob , Yu Kun-Chang , Bortel Radoslav , Beard Warren L. , Biller David S. , Hodgson David S. , Ganta Charan K. , Wibowo Henky , Yee John , Myers Renelle , Lam Stephen , Prakash Punit 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundPercutaneous microwave ablation is clinically used for inoperable lung tumour treatment. Delivery of microwave ablation applicators to tumour sites within lung parenchyma under virtual bronchoscopy guidance may enable ablation with reduced risk of pneumothorax, providing a minimally invasive treatment of early-stage tumours, which are increasingly detected with computed tomography (CT) screening. The objective of this study was to integrate a custom microwave ablation platform, incorporating a flexible applicator, with a clinically established virtual bronchoscopy guidance system, and to assess technical feasibility for safely creating localised thermal ablations in porcine lungsin vivo.MethodsPre-ablation CTs of normal pigs were acquired to create a virtual model of the lungs, including airways and significant blood vessels. Virtual bronchoscopy-guided microwave ablation procedures were performed with 24–32 W power (at the applicator distal tip) delivered for 5–10 mins. A total of eight ablations were performed in three pigs. Post-treatment CT images were acquired to assess the extent of damage and ablation zones were further evaluated with viability stains and histopathologic analysis.ResultsThe flexible microwave applicators were delivered to ablation sites within lung parenchyma 5–24 mm from the airway wallviaa tunnel created under virtual bronchoscopy guidance. No pneumothorax or significant airway bleeding was observed. The ablation short axis observed on gross pathology ranged 16.5–23.5 mm and 14–26 mm on CT imaging.ConclusionWe have demonstrated the technical feasibility for safely delivering microwave ablation in the lung parenchyma under virtual bronchoscopic guidance in anin vivoporcine lung model.
Microbial succession from a subsequent secondary death event following mass mortality
Authors: Harrison Lindsay , Kooienga Emilia , Speights Cori , Tomberlin Jeffery , Lashley Marcus , Barton Brandon , Jordan Heather 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Each death event can be characterized by its associated microbes – a living community of bacteria composed of carcass, soil, and insect-introduced bacterial species – a necrobiome. With the possibility for close succession of these death events, it may be beneficial to characterize how the magnitude of an initial death event may impact the decomposition and necrobiomes of subsequent death events in close proximity. In this paper we hope to characterize the microbial communities associated with a proximate subsequent death event, and distinguish any changes within those communities based on the magnitude of an initial death event and the biomass of preexisting carcass (es) undergoing decomposition. For this experiment, 6 feral swine carcasses in containers were placed in the vicinity of preexisting and ongoing carcass decomposition at sites of three different scales of decomposing carcass biomass. Swab samples were collected from the skin and eye sockets of the container pigs and subjected to 16 s rRNA sequencing and OTU assignment.

Results
PERMANOVA analysis of the bacterial taxa showed that there was no significant difference in the bacterial communities based on initial mortality event biomass size, but we did see a change in the bacterial communities over time, and slight differences between the skin and ocular cavity communities. Even without soil input, necrobiome communities can change rapidly. Further characterization of the bacterial necrobiome included utilization of the Random Forest algorithm to identify the most important predictors for time of decomposition. Sample sets were also scanned for notable human and swine-associated pathogens.

Conclusions
The applications from this study are many, ranging from establishing the environmental impacts of mass mortality events to understanding the importance of scavenger, and scavenger microbial community input on decomposition.
Molecular epidemiology of clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates in South Omo, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Wondale Biniam , Keehwan Kwon , Medhin Girmay , Teklu Takele , Mohammed Temesgen , Tolosa Samuel , Zewude Aboma , Amsalu Friehiwot , Pieper Rembert , Ameni Gobena 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundTuberculosis (TB) is caused byMycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex (MTBC). Mapping the genetic diversity of MTBC in high TB burden country like Ethiopia is important to understand principles of the disease transmission and to strengthen the regional TB control program. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity ofMycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex (MTBC) isolates circulating in the South Omo, southern Ethiopia.MethodsMTBC isolates (N = 156) were genetically analyzed using spacer oligotyping (spoligotyping) and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number of tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) typing. Major lineages and lineages were identified using MTBC databases. Logistic regression was used to correlate patient characteristics with strain clustering.ResultsThe study identified Euro-American (EA), East-African-Indian (EAI), Indo-Oceanic (IO), Lineage_7/Aethiops vertus,Mycobacterium bovisandMycobacterium africanummajor lineages in proportions of 67.3% (105/156), 22.4% (35/156), 6.4% (10/156), 1.9% (3/156), 1.3% (2/156) and 0.6% (1/156), respectively. Lineages identified were Delhi/CAS 23.9% (37/155), Ethiopia_2 20.6% (32/155), Haarlem 14.2% (22/155), URAL 14.2%(22/155), Ethiopia_3 8.4% (13/155), TUR 6.5% (10/155), Lineage_7/Aethiops vertus 1.9% (3/155), Bovis 1.3% (2/155), LAM 1.3% (2/155), EAI 0.6% (1/155), X 0.6% (1/155) and Ethiopia H37Rv-like strain 0.6% (1/155). Of the genotyped isolates 5.8% (9/155) remained unassigned. The recent transmission index (RTI) was 3.9%. Orphan strains compared to shared types (AOR: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.04–0.25) were associated with reduced odds of clustering. The dominant TB lineage in pastoral areas was EAI and in non-pastoral areas was EA.ConclusionThe epidemiological data, highly diverse MTBC strains and a low RTI in South Omo, provide information contributing to the TB Control Program of the country.
Characteristics of recovered COVID-19 patients with recurrent positive RT-PCR findings in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study
Authors: Shui Tie-Jun , Li Chao , Liu Hong-bing , Chen Xiaohua , Zhang Bi-ke 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Two months after the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, tens of thousands of hospitalized patients had recovered, and little is known about the follow-up of the recovered patients.

Methods
The clinical characteristics, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results from throat swab specimens and the results of serological COVID-19 rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were retrospectively reviewed for a total of 758 recovered patients who were previously hospitalized in 17 hospitals and quarantined at 32 rehabilitation stations in Wuhan, China.

Results
In total, 59 patients (7.78%) had recurrent positive findings for COVID-19 on RT-PCR from throat swabs. With regard to antibody detection, 50/59 (84.75%) and 4/59 (6.78%) patients had positive IgG or dual positive IgG/IgM RDT results, respectively.

Conclusions
Some patients who had been quarantined and had subsequently recovered from COVID-19 had recurrent positive RT-PCR results for SARS-CoV-2, and the possibility of transmission of the virus by recovered patients needs further investigation.

Trial registration
Current Controlled Trials ChiCTR2000033580, Jun 6th 2020. Retrospectively registered.
Cost-effectiveness of brentuximab vedotin in advanced stage Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a probabilistic analysis
Authors: Raymakers A. J. N. , Costa S. , Cameron D. , Regier D. A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Treatment with ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) is a well-established therapy for advanced Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL). However, the recently completed ECHELON-1 trial showed potential net clinical benefit for brentuximab vedotin (BREN+AVD) compared to ABVD as frontline therapy in patients with advanced Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The objective of this analysis is to determine whether, on current evidence, BREN+AVD is cost-effective relative to ABVD as frontline therapy in patients with advanced HL.

Methods
We constructed a probabilistic Markov model with two arms and six mutually exclusive health states, using six-month cycle lengths, and a 15-year time horizon. Time-dependent transition probabilities were calculated from ‘real-world’ data collected by the BC Cancer’s Centre for Lymphoid Cancer database or from the literature for ABVD. Time-dependent transition probabilities for BREN+AVD were taken from the ECHELON-1 trial. We estimated the incremental cost and effects per patient of each therapy and calculated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Costs were measured in 2018 Canadian dollars and effects measured in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). A probabilistic analysis was used to generate a cost-effectiveness acceptability curve (CEAC).

Results
The incremental cost between standard therapy with ABVD and therapy with BREN+AVD was estimated to be $192,336. The regimen of BREN+AVD resulted in a small benefit in terms of QALYs (0.46 QALYs). The estimated ICER was $418,122 per QALY gained. The probabilistic analysis suggests very few (8%) simulations fall below $100,000 per QALY. Even at a threshold of $200,000 per QALY gained, there was only a 24% chance that BREN+AVD would be considered cost-effective. Sensitivity analyses evaluating price reductions for brentuximab showed that these reductions needed to be in excess of 70% for this regimen to be cost-effective at a threshold of $100,000 per QALY.

Conclusions
There may be a clinical benefit associated with BREN+AVD, but on current evidence the benefit is not adequately substantive compared to ABVD therapy given the cost of brentuximab vedotin. Agencies responsible for making decisions about BREN+AVD as frontline therapy for patients with advanced HL should consider whether they are willing to implement this treatment given the current uncertainty and cost-benefit profile, or negotiate substantial price-reductions from the manufacturer should they choose to reimburse.
Knowledge, attitudes, anxiety, and preventive behaviours towards COVID-19 among health care providers in Yemen: an online cross-sectional survey
Authors: Alrubaiee Gamil Ghaleb , Al-Qalah Talal Ali Hussein , Al-Aawar Mohammed Sadeg A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
The growing incidence of coronavirus (COVID-19) continues to cause fear, anxiety, and panic amongst the community, especially for healthcare providers (HCPs), as the most vulnerable group at risk of contracting this new SARS-CoV-2 infection. To protect and enhance the ability of HCPs to perform their role in responding to COVID-19, healthcare authorities must help to alleviate the level of stress and anxiety amongst HCPs and the community. This will improve the knowledge, attitude and practice towards COVID-19, especially for HCPs. In addition, authorities need to comply in treating this virus by implementing control measures and other precautions. This study explores the knowledge, attitude, anxiety, and preventive behaviours among Yemeni HCPs towards COVID-19.

Methods
A descriptive, web-based-cross-sectional study was conducted among 1231 Yemeni HCPs. The COVID-19 related questionnaire was designed using Google forms where the responses were coded and analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software package (IBM SPSS), version 22.0. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test were also employed in this study. A p-value of < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval was considered as statistically significant. The data collection phase commenced on 22nd April 2020, at 6 pm and finished on 26th April 2020 at 11 am.

Results
The results indicated that from the 1231 HCPs participating in this study, 61.6% were male, and 67% were aged between 20 and 30 years with a mean age of 29.29 ± 6.75. Most (86%) held a bachelor’s degree or above having at least 10 years of work experience or less (88.1%). However, while 57.1% of the respondents obtained their information via social networks and news media, a further 60.0% had never attended lectures/discussions about COVID-19. The results further revealed that the majority of respondents had adequate knowledge, optimistic attitude, moderate level of anxiety, and high-performance in preventive behaviours, 69.8, 85.10%, 51.0 and 87.70%, respectively, towards COVID-19.

Conclusion
Although the Yemeni HCPs exhibited an adequate level of knowledge, optimistic attitude, moderate level of anxiety, and high-performance in preventive behaviours toward COVID-19, the results highlighted gaps, particularly in their knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19.
Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis – a Norwegian cross- sectional multicentre study
Authors: Fischer J. , Skeie M. S. , Rosendahl K. , Tylleskär K. , Lie S. , Shi X.-Q. , Gil E. Grut , Cetrelli L. , Halbig J. , von Wangenheim Marti L. , Rygg M. , Frid P. , Stoustrup P. , Rosèn A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) may suffer pain from temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Still, routines for the assessment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain in health and dental care are lacking. The aims of this study were to examine the prevalence of TMD in children and adolescents with JIA compared to their healthy peers and to investigate potential associations between JIA and TMD.

Methods
This comparative cross-sectional study is part of a longitudinal multicentre study performed during 2015–2020, including 228 children and adolescents aged 4–16 years with a diagnosis of JIA according to the ILAR criteria. This particular substudy draws on a subset of data from the first study visit, including assessments of TMD as part of a broader oral health examination. Children and adolescents with JIA were matched with healthy controls according to gender, age, and centre site. Five calibrated examiners performed the clinical oral examinations according to a standardised protocol, including shortened versions of the diagnostic criteria for TMD (DC/TMD) and the TMJaw Recommendations for Clinical TMJ Assessment in Patients Diagnosed with JIA. Symptoms were recorded and followed by a clinical examination assessing the masticatory muscles and TMJs.

Results
In our cohort of 221 participants with JIA and 221 healthy controls, 88 (39.8%) participants with JIA and 25 (11.3%) healthy controls presented with TMD based on symptoms and clinical signs. Painful TMD during the last 30 days was reported in 59 (26.7%) participants with JIA vs. 10 (5.0%) of the healthy controls (p <  0.001). Vertical unassisted jaw movement was lower in participants with JIA than in controls, with means of 46.2 mm vs. 49.0 mm, respectively (p <  0.001). Among participants with JIA, a higher proportion of those using synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic-drugs and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic-drugs presented with painful masticatory muscles and TMJs at palpation.

Conclusion
Symptoms and clinical signs of TMD were seen in approximately half of the JIA patients compared to about one fourth of their healthy peers. Painful palpation to masticatory muscles and decreased vertical unassisted jaw movement were more frequent in participants with JIA than among healthy controls and should be part of both medical and dental routine examinations in patients with JIA.