bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identidad y manifestaciones culturales del departamento del Quindío en el contexto del paisaje cultural cafetero de Colombia
Authors: Guzmán-Díaz Beatriz Elena , Parra-Hernández Ramiro , Tarapuez-Chamorro Edwin 
Published: January 2020

La investigación pretende identificar la situación actual de la identidad y manifestaciones culturales en el Quindío (Colombia), en el contexto del Paisaje Cultural Cafetero. La metodología es descriptiva y exploratoria y la población corresponde a habitantes y entes gubernamentales; se obtuvo información primaria mediante encuestas y entrevistas, y secundaria a través de revisión documental. Se concluye que la cultura cafetera es el resultado de la fusión de distintos elementos a lo largo de su historia, y pese a que algunos se han olvidado, aún se conservan las expresiones más tradicionales.
This research aims to identify the current situation of identity and cultural manifestations in Quindío (Colombia), in the context of the Coffee Cultural Landscape. The methodology is descriptive and exploratory and the population corresponds to inhabitants and governmental entities; primary information was obtained through surveys and interviews, and secondary through documentary review. It is concluded that the coffee culture is the result of the fusion of different elements throughout its history, and although some have been forgotten, the most traditional expressions are still preserved.
Patrimonio cultural y turismo en torno al cerdo ibérico en Salamanca
Authors: Hortelano Mínguez Luís Alfonso , Azofra Agustín Eduardo , Martín Jiménez María Isabel , Izquierdo Misiego José Ignacio 
Published: January 2020

Se analizan los vínculos del territorio con el Patrimonio Cultural generados a partir de la cría del cerdo ibérico, en un sistema agroecológico adaptado a las condiciones del medio natural conocido como monte hueco o dehesa, y de la elaboración de embutidos (en concreto el chorizo ibérico) a partir de la sabiduría popular. Este proceso, asentado en un largo devenir histórico de construcción de un paisaje agrosilvopastoril adecuado para una gestión sostenible del territorio, donde el cerdo ibérico juega un papel preponderante, y en las claves culturales transmitidas de generación en generación del modo de hacer embutidos derivados del cochino ibérico. Este modo de vida ha sido plasmado en pinturas, fotografías, folklore y textos literarios que demuestran las estrechas relaciones de las gentes salmantinas con su territorio, paisaje y costumbres y su valoración como recurso turístico-gastronómico.
Based on the breeding of Iberian hog in the Province of Salamanca, the relations between the territory and cultural heritage are analysed. Breeding conditions are well-adapted to the local ecosystem of pastureland with holm oaks, known as monte hueco or dehesa. Meat processing, for example the production of Iberian chorizo, is based on folk knowledge. The long historical past of pig rearing is embedded in a sustainable agro-sylvo-pastoral landscape and in a local culture related to the production of ham and sausages. This way of life is reflected in paintings, photographs, folklore and literary texts, which show the intense relationship of the people of Salamanca with their territory, landscape and traditions, as well as its asset as a touristic -gastronomic resource.
Los espacios turísticos: producción, experiencias e imaginarios. El caso de la Araucanía andino-lacustre chilena, 1900-1940
Authors: Martínez Riquelme Pablo 
Published: January 2020

Los procesos de producción de espacios turísticos se expresan en sendas espacio-temporales, asociadas a una producción material, como las infraestructuras, equipamiento y conectividad, pero también en una producción inmaterial, basada en la difusión de imaginarios territoriales vinculados a la experiencia turística. Se busca analizar dicho proceso, en la Araucanía andino-lacustre chilena, entre 1900-1940, a partir de los relatos de los primeros viajeros con motivaciones turísticas a finales del siglo XIX y el rol de Estado como actor promotor de la turistificación del territorio en el sur de Chile.
The processes of production of tourist spaces are expressed in space-time paths, associated with a material production, such as infrastructures, equipment and connectivity, but also in an immaterial production, based on the diffusion of territorial imaginaries linked to the tourist experience. It is sought to analyze this process, in the Chilean Andean-lacustrine Araucanía, between 1900-1940, based on the account of the first travelers with tourist motivations at the end of the 19th century and the role of the State as a promoter of the touristification of the territory in the South of Chile.
La contaminación atmosférica y su impacto sobre las actividades turísticas, en Madrid
Authors: Sotelo Pérez María , Sotelo Navalpotro José Antonio 
Published: January 2020

La contaminación atmosférica, caracterizada por la presencia en la atmósfera de uno o varios elementos contaminantes como gases, humos o polvo, inciden y repercuten de manera directa e indirecta sobre la salud humana y sobre las flora y la fauna -así como en el desarrollo de sus actividades- de un territorio tan amplio, variado y diverso como es la Comunidad de Madrid, lo que se presenta como un factor de riesgo potencial, principalmente, para actividades tan sensibles como las relacionadas con el turismo. Por lo que, a la hora de tratar una temática tan compleja, a la par que diversa, como son los riesgos antrópicos, en relación con las actividades turísticas, se pone de manifiesto la existencia de una problemática igual de importante como es la falta de conocimiento real de los riesgos latentes y presentes en cada uno de los municipios que conforman la Comunidad de Madrid, amén de repercutir considerablemente en la exposición de la población a riesgos de los que carece de información.
Air pollution characterized by the presence in the atmosphere of one or several pollutants such as gases, fumes or dust, impact directly and indirectly on human health and on flora and fauna -as well as in the development of its activities- of such a wide, varied and diverse territory as the Community of Madrid, what is presented as a potential risk factor, mainly, for activities as sensitive as those related to tourism. Therefore, when dealing with such a complex issue, at the same time as diverse, such as anthropic risks, in relation to tourism activities, the existence of an equally important problem such as the lack of real knowledge of the latent and present risks in each of the municipalities that make up the Community of Madrid, in addition to having a considerable impact on the exposure of the population to risks for which it lacks information.
Multinacionales de mercados emergentes y adquisiciones internacionales: el caso de las empresas chinas en el sector hotelero español
Authors: Quer Diego , Peng Xing 
Published: January 2020

La expansión internacional de las multinacionales de mercados emergentes está adquiriendo una creciente importancia en los últimos años. El sector hotelero no es ajeno a esta tendencia. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar si los modelos teóricos tradicionales resultan aplicables al caso de las inversiones efectuadas por empresas turísticas chinas o si, por el contrario, se hace necesario utilizar nuevos planteamientos. A partir de un estudio de casos de tres empresas chinas que han invertido en el sector hotelero español, nuestros resultados indican que dichas empresas, más que explotar sus ventajas competitivas, persiguen obtener nuevas fuentes de ventaja. Asimismo, en lugar de seguir un proceso gradual, optan por modos de establecimiento que les permitan acceder de forma rápida a esos activos estratégicos.
The international expansion of emerging-market multinationals is becoming increasingly important in recent years. This trend is also present in the hotel industry. The aim of this paper is to analyze whether traditional theoretical frameworks are applicable to cross-border investments by Chinese tourism companies or new approaches become necessary. From a multiple case study of three Chinese companies with investments in the Spanish hotel industry, our results indicate that these companies, rather than exploiting their competitive advantages, seek to obtain new sources of advantage. Moreover, instead of following a gradual process, they choose establishment modes that allow them to quickly access these strategic assets.
La invención de Borges. Un desafío para las prácticas de lectura e interpretación en el campo del Derecho
Authors: Roggero Jorge Luis 
Published: January 2020

RESUMEN. Este artículo se propone analizar ciertos rasgos de la literatura borgiana, resumidos en la idea de la “invención de Borges”, e indagar en su posible aplicación en el campo del Derecho. En todo texto existen sentidos efectivizados, “sentidos establecidos” y sentidos que permanecen latentes a la espera de ser explicitados por una lectura que atienda a las posibilidades allí presentes. El texto jurídico, como el literario, admite y demanda una interpretación que sea capaz de combinar el descubrimiento y la creación para responder a las exigencias de la justicia.
Soil aggregate size influences the impact of inorganic nitrogen deposition on soil nitrification in an alpine meadow of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Li Jingjing , Yang Chao , Liu Xiaoli , Ji Hanzhong , Shao Xinqing 
Published: January 2020

Background
Ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) are two inorganic forms of nitrogen (N) that are deposited from the atmosphere into soil systems. As the substrate and product of soil nitrification, these two forms of inorganic nitrogen will affect or be affected by the soil net nitrification rate (Nr). Our knowledge regarding soil nitrification is mainly derived from studies with bulk soil. However, soil is composed of different aggregate fractions, which may have an important impact on Nr.

Methods
In 2017, we collected soil samples from an alpine meadow of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and separated them into four soil aggregates (2–4, 1–2, 0.25–1, and <0.25 mm) using the dry sieving method. The four soil aggregate sizes amended with the 2 N deposition forms (NH4+-N and NO3−-N) were then incubated at 25 °C for 28 days, and the soil aggregates for each treatment were collected on day 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 to determine the NO3−-N concentration. The soil Nr and contribution of soil aggregates to the nitrification rate in the bulk soil were calculated.

Results
There were differences in the physicochemical properties of the soil aggregates. The addition of N and aggregate size had strong effects on soil Nr, which were significantly increased under high levels of NH4+ addition across all soil aggregates. The Nr during the 4 week incubation period differed among aggregate sizes. Nr in the 2–4 mm aggregates was higher than in the other aggregates, which was correlated with the maximum values of the soil porosity observed in the 2–4 mm aggregates. Furthermore, almost half of the soil was composed of aggregates of <0.25 mm, indicating that the <0.25 mm aggregates made a higher contribution to the nitrification rate in the bulk soil than the other aggregates, even though these aggregates had a lower nitrification ability. Overall, our study revealed that the soil nitrification rate was influenced by both the N addition and soil aggregates, and that the 2–4 mm aggregates had a dominant effect on the response of soil N transformation processes to future nitrogen deposition in the alpine meadow.
Exercise mode and attentional networks in older adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Biye , Guo Wei 
Published: January 2020

Background
Previous studies have indicated that physical exercise enhances attentional function; however, the relationship between exercise mode and attentional networks has not been clarified for older adults (>60 years old). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between attentional networks and different exercise modes in older adults.

Methods
Two hundred and fifty-nine participants aged between 60 to 81 years were enrolled and classified into three groups (closed-skill group, open-skill group, or sedentary control group) using an exercise-related questionnaire. All participants completed an attention network test (ANT), which measured executive control, orienting, and alerting networks.

Results
The open-skill group had significantly higher executive network efficiency compared to the closed-skill (p < 0.01) and sedentary (p < 0.01) groups. The closed-skill group had significantly higher values compared to the sedentary control group (p < 0.05). Differences were not detected among groups for alerting and orienting networks (p > 0.05). The open-skill group had significantly higher values compared to the sedentary control group regarding proportion score of executive network (p < 0.01). In comparison, no significant differences were detected among groups for proportion scores of alerting and orienting networks.

Conclusion
This study extends current knowledge by demonstrating that open-skill exercises selectively enhance the executive control of attentional networks in older adults. Open-skill exercises combines physical exercise and cognitive training, potentially representing a more effective exercise mode to maintain or enhance attentional function in older adults.
Integration of Information Communication Technology in Journalism Practice: A Survey of Journalists in Ekiti Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Obajuluwa T. M. , Talabi F. O. , Otunla A. O. , Ajisafe I. O. 
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study was predicated on the need to ascertain the extent to which Nigerian Journalists, especially those in the state capital of Ekiti state; have integrated the use of information communication technology (ICT) tools in their journalism practice which includes, but not limited to; news gathering, dissemination etc. The objectives among others is to decipher the extent of use and the adoption of new information communication technologies in journalism practise. A total of thirty four (34) TV and radio journalists were sampled with a view to ascertain their use and types ICT tools employed for the achievement of communication efficiency. Despite the perceived importance of the role of ICT in improving communication efficiency (as opined by 97% of the respondents), findings from this study revealed that the use of modern ICT tools were not fully employed for their day to day task execution. Also, only 24% of the respondents agreed to the availability and free access to internet facility in their day to day operations while 64.7% own or have personal access through their owned devices. The challenges enumerated by journalists includes lack of corporate internet access and information, technology hardware and software configurations that are crucial to journalism in new media practice. Hence, it is recommended media proprietors should provide as part of the work environment, modern facilities to enable journalists discharge their duties in line with international best practices.
Evaluation of Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Activity of Solanum melongena L. Fruits Aqueous Extract via Monoaminergic and GABAergic Pathway
Authors: Jawaid Talha , Tiwari Nidhi , Kamal Mehnaz , Alkhamees Osama A. , Alaseem Ali M. , Al Shagha Waleed M. , Alsanad Saud M. 
Published: January 2020

The current study proposed the in vivo antidepressant and anxiolytic activities of the aqueous extract from Solanum melongena fruits (AESM) in mice. The mice were administered with AESM 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o. for anxiolytic (elevated plus maze test (EPMT) and locomotor action), and antidepressant (forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) activities. The possible mechanism of action of Solanum melongena fruits was also analyzed by measuring the level of serotonin (5HT), monoamine oxidase enzyme (MAO-A) and GABA activity in the blood of experimental animals. When mice were treated for seven days with 100 (*** P < 0.01) and 200 mg / kg, AESM p.o. and 2 mg / kg, diazepam p.o. (*** P < 0.001) showed significant increases in the average time expended and the number of entries into the open arms of the EPMT, as compared to control group in dose dependent fashion. However, when mice were treated with standard Imipramine (10 mg/kg) (***P < 0.001), AESM 100 mg/kg (**P < 0.01) and 200 mg/kg (*P < 0.05) after day 7, there was significant reduction in locomotor activity in both TST and FST in dose dependent fashion. Monoamine oxidase - A level in the entire brain of mice were significantly reduced when pretreated with AESM 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o. for 7 days as compared to control group in dose dependent fashion. The mechanisms of action of antidepressant effect of Solanum melongena fruits extract act by increasing serotonin and also GABA. Moreover, the extract also decreased the MAO-A enzyme in the experimental animals. These results demonstrated that both of these doses. Of aqueous extract from Solanum melongena fruits possess potential antidepressant activities in dose dependent fashion.
Geary's Contiguity Ratio (Geary'sc)
Authors: Hooten Mevin B. , Pugh Sierra , Roland Carl A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGeary's contiguity ratio (i.e., Geary'sc) is used to measure spatial autocorrelation in data with discrete spatial support. Calculation of Geary'scdepends on the observed spatial data and a set of dyadic weights that are generally defined based on the proximity of observations to each other, but can be generalized to accommodate geographic distances among observations and the lengths of shared boundaries for the regions from which the data arise. Geary'sccan be used to test hypotheses about spatial autocorrelation under both parametric and nonparametric assumptions. Also, components of Geary'sccan be used to assess how autocorrelation may vary throughout the spatial domain. We demonstrate the application of Geary'scto assess spatial structure in vegetation data arising from a survey in Alaska, USA, using two different approaches for defining proximity.
HamiltonianMonteCarlo
Authors: Thomas Samuel , Tu Wanzhu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMarkov chain Monte Carlo(MCMC) is a powerful tool for approximating posterior distributions in Bayesian analysis. Traditional MCMC methods such as the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm often converge at suboptimal rates, especially in higher dimensional parameter spaces. Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) improves the efficiency of the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm using the Hamiltonian equations from classical mechanics to guide posterior sample generation. Theoretically, HMC could reach a perfect acceptance rate under ideal conditions. In practice, the actual acceptance rates tend to be influenced by various numerical factors. In this article, we describe the basic concept and practical implementation of HMC.
Flexible Photodetector Based on 2D Materials: Processing, Architectures, and Applications
Authors: Dong Tao , Simões João , Yang Zhaochu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFlexible photodetectors have emerged during the past few years for applications in healthcare, security, and environmental monitoring. Recently, 2D materials have started being implemented as functional layers in flexible photodetector due to their outstanding optoelectronic characteristics paired with high mechanical flexibility. In this work, the authors analyze the progress of 2D material‐based flexible photodetectors architectures, with a focus on graphene family, (Di)chalcogenides and van der Waals heterostructures. The optical and mechanical characteristics of 2D materials flexible photodetectors are systematically analyzed. Furthermore, the processing techniques compatible with flexible substrates and proof‐of‐concept sensors integrating 2D material flexible photodetectors are also reviewed. In the last section, the remaining challenges and future perspectives are discussed, envisioning to support future developments in the field.
Tunable Topological Energy Bands in 2D Dialkali‐Metal Monoxides
Authors: Hua Chenqiang , Li Si , Xu Zhu‐An , Zheng Yi , Yang Shengyuan A. , Lu Yunhao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract2D materials with nontrivial energy bands are highly desirable for exploring various topological phases of matter, as low dimensionality opens unprecedented opportunities for manipulating the quantum states. Here, it is reported that monolayer (ML) dialkali‐metal monoxides, in the well‐known 2H‐MoS2 type lattice, host multiple symmetry‐protected topological phases with emergent fermions, which can be effectively tuned by strain engineering. Based on first‐principles calculations, it is found that in the equilibrium state, ML Na2O is a 2D double Weyl semimetal, while ML K2O is a 2D pseudospin‐1 metal. These exotic topological states exhibit a range of fascinating effects, including universal optical absorbance, super Klein tunneling, and super collimation effect. By introducing biaxial or uniaxial strain, a series of quantum phase transitions between 2D double Weyl semimetal, 2D Dirac semimetal, 2D pseudospin‐1 metal, and semiconductor phases can be realized. The results suggest monolayer dialkali‐metal monoxides as a promising platform to explore fascinating physical phenomena associated with novel 2D emergent fermions.
Trivalent‐Neodymium Additive Modulated MAPbBr3 Perovskite Nucleation and Growth: Ultrawide Processing Window for One‐Step Fabrication of Efficient Light‐Emitting Perovskites
Authors: Dong Yurong , Zeng Pan , Yu Yan , Xie Yujun , Yang Bilin , Liang Rongqing , Ou Qiongrong , Zhang Shuyu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHybrid metal halide perovskite–based light‐emitting diodes and lasers have demonstrated outstanding performance and currently lead a new trend in the optoelectronic field; however, the widely used one‐step spin‐coating method assisted by an antisolvent suffers from the narrow processing window of antisolvents, which limits its further use in commercial applications. The present work incorporates trivalent‐neodymium ions (Nd3+) into methylammonium lead tribromide (MAPbBr3) perovskite thin films to control nucleation and crystal growth, achieving an ultrabroad processing window of 18 s, significantly larger than the conventional processing window of 3–5 s. A sixfold enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and an excellent stability of at least 8 months in ambient conditions is also demonstrated. The results provide a deeper understanding of the nucleation and growth process of ion‐incorporated perovskites and demonstrate an effective strategy to overcome the narrow processing window limit.
A cyber‐secure control‐detector architecture for nonlinear processes
Authors: Chen Scarlett , Wu Zhe , Christofides Panagiotis D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis work presents a detector‐integrated two‐tier control architecture capable of identifying the presence of various types of cyber‐attacks, and ensuring closed‐loop system stability upon detection of the cyber‐attacks. Working with a general class of nonlinear systems, an upper‐tier Lyapunov‐based Model Predictive Controller (LMPC), using networked sensor measurements to improve closed‐loop performance, is coupled with lower‐tier cyber‐secure explicit feedback controllers to drive a nonlinear multivariable process to its steady state. Although the networked sensor measurements may be vulnerable to cyber‐attacks, the two‐tier control architecture ensures that the process will stay immune to destabilizing malicious cyber‐attacks. Data‐based attack detectors are developed using sensor measurements via machine‐learning methods, namely artificial neural networks (ANN), under nominal and noisy operating conditions, and applied online to a simulated reactor‐reactor‐separator process. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of these detection algorithms in detecting and distinguishing between multiple classes of intelligent cyber‐attacks. Upon successful detection of cyber‐attacks, the two‐tier control architecture allows convenient reconfiguration of the control system to stabilize the process to its operating steady state.