bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Diabetes Status and Type in Youth Using Electronic Health Records: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
Authors: Wells Brian J. , Lenoir Kristin M. , Wagenknecht Lynne E. , Mayer-Davis Elizabeth J. , Lawrence Jean M. , Dabelea Dana , Pihoker Catherine , Saydah Sharon , Casanova Ramon , Turley Christine , Liese Angela D. , Standiford Debra , Kahn Michael G. , Hamman Richard , Divers Jasmin 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE
Diabetes surveillance often requires manual medical chart reviews to confirm status and type. This project aimed to create an electronic health record (EHR)-based procedure for improving surveillance efficiency through automation of case identification.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Youth (&lt;20 years old) with potential evidence of diabetes (N = 8,682) were identified from EHRs at three children’s hospitals participating in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study. True diabetes status/type was determined by manual chart reviews. Multinomial regression was compared with an ICD-10 rule-based algorithm in the ability to correctly identify diabetes status and type. Subsequently, the investigators evaluated a scenario of combining the rule-based algorithm with targeted chart reviews where the algorithm performed poorly.

RESULTS
The sample included 5,308 true cases (89.2% type 1 diabetes). The rule-based algorithm outperformed regression for overall accuracy (0.955 vs. 0.936). Type 1 diabetes was classified well by both methods: sensitivity (Se) (&gt;0.95), specificity (Sp) (&gt;0.96), and positive predictive value (PPV) (&gt;0.97). In contrast, the PPVs for type 2 diabetes were 0.642 and 0.778 for the rule-based algorithm and the multinomial regression, respectively. Combination of the rule-based method with chart reviews (n = 695, 7.9%) of persons predicted to have non–type 1 diabetes resulted in perfect PPV for the cases reviewed while increasing overall accuracy (0.983). The Se, Sp, and PPV for type 2 diabetes using the combined method were ≥0.91.

CONCLUSIONS
An ICD-10 algorithm combined with targeted chart reviews accurately identified diabetes status/type and could be an attractive option for diabetes surveillance in youth.
Impaired Succinate Response to a Mixed Meal in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Is Normalized After Metabolic Surgery
Authors: Astiarraga Brenno , Martínez Laia , Ceperuelo-Mallafré Victoria , Llauradó Gemma , Terrón-Puig Margarida , Rodríguez M. Mar , Casajoana Anna , Pellitero Silvia , Megía Ana , Vilarrasa Núria , Vendrell Joan , Fernández-Veledo Sonia 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE
To explore the meal response of circulating succinate in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes undergoing bariatric surgery and to examine the role of gastrointestinal glucose sensing in succinate dynamics in healthy subjects.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Cohort I comprised 45 patients with morbid obesity and type 2 diabetes (BMI 39.4 ± 1.9 kg/m2) undergoing metabolic surgery. Cohort II was a confirmatory cohort of 13 patients (BMI 39.3 ± 1.4 kg/m2) undergoing gastric bypass surgery. Cohort III comprised 15 healthy subjects (BMI 26.4 ± 0.5 kg/m2). Cohorts I and II completed a 2-h mixed-meal tolerance test (MTT) before the intervention and at 1 year of follow-up, and cohort II also completed a 3-h lipid test (LT). Cohort III underwent a 3-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and an isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion (IIGI) study.

RESULTS
In cohort I, succinate response to MTT at follow-up was greater than before the intervention (P &lt; 0.0001). This response was confirmed in cohort II with a greater increase after 1 year of surgery (P = 0.009). By contrast, LT did not elicit a succinate response. Changes in succinate response were associated with changes in the area under the curve of glucose (r = 0.417, P &lt; 0.0001) and insulin (r = 0.204, P = 0.002). In cohort III, glycemia, per se, stimulated a plasma succinate response (P = 0.0004), but its response was greater in the OGTT (P = 0.02; OGTT versus IIGI).

CONCLUSIONS
The meal-related response of circulating succinate in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes is recovered after metabolic surgery.
Intakes of Folate, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin B12 in Relation to Diabetes Incidence Among American Young Adults: A 30-Year Follow-up Study
Authors: Zhu Jie , Chen Cheng , Lu Liping , Yang Kefeng , Reis Jared , He Ka 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE
To prospectively examine intakes of folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 in relation to diabetes incidence in a large U.S. cohort.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 4,704 American adults aged 18–30 years and without diabetes were enrolled in 1985–1986 and monitored until 2015–2016 in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Dietary assessment was conducted by a validated dietary history questionnaire at baseline, in 1992–1993, and in 2005–2006. The cumulative average intakes of folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 were used in the analyses. Incident diabetes was ascertained by plasma glucose levels, oral glucose tolerance tests, hemoglobin A1c concentrations, and/or antidiabetic medications.

RESULTS
During 30 years (mean 20.5 ± 8.9) of follow-up, 655 incident cases of diabetes occurred. Intake of folate, but not vitamin B6 or vitamin B12, was inversely associated with diabetes incidence after adjustment for potential confounders. Compared with the lowest quintile of total folate intake, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) in quintiles 2–5 were 0.85 (0.67–1.08), 0.78 (0.60–1.02), 0.82 (0.62–1.09), and 0.70 (0.51–0.97; Ptrend = 0.02). Higher folate intake was also associated with lower plasma homocysteine (Ptrend &lt; 0.01) and insulin (Ptrend &lt; 0.01). Among supplement users, folate intake was inversely associated with serum C-reactive protein levels (Ptrend &lt; 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
Intake of folate in young adulthood was inversely associated with diabetes incidence in midlife among Americans. The observed association may be partially explained by mechanisms related to homocysteine level, insulin sensitivity, and systemic inflammation.
REVIEW: A symbol of all that is wrong with the ‘war on terror’
Authors: Robie David 
Published: July 2020

Prisoner 345: My 2330 days in Guantánamo, by Sami Alhaj. Doha, Qatar: Al Jazeera Media Network, 2019. 126 pages. No ISBN. The Refugee’s Messenger: Lost Stories Retold, edited by Tarek Cherkaoui. Istanbul, Turkey: TRT World Research Centre, 2019. 192 Pages. ISBN 978-605-9984-28-7
A RECENT article in the Middle East Eye pilloried the United States lack of preparedness for the onslaught of the coronavirus pandemic. Lamenting that if only the world’s richest democracy could have instead of frittering away trillions of dollars on ‘endless wars’ invested in the country’s health infrastructure, the world would be in a better place today. Washington had ‘built an entire infrastructure to counter terrorism and criminalise Muslim communities’, spending almost $6.4 trillion on pointless wars that had killed off half a million people since September 11 2011 (Hilal & Raja, 2020). Yet, which was the biggest threat – the elusive target of the so-called ‘war on terror’, or the pandemic, which killed more than 20,000 Americans and infected a further 500,000 (with numbers still rising when this edition of PJR went to press)?
REVIEW: Documentary records continuing independence struggle in West Papua
Authors: Gooch Nicole 
Published: July 2020

The War Next Door, reported by Sally Sara. Foreign Correspondent. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Broadcast: 12 May 2020. 30 minutes. https://www.abc.net.au/foreign/the-war-next-door/12239998
‘WE GOT to keep on pushing forward,’ sings the band Sorong Samarai, which means from the tip of West Papua, Sorong, to Samari, the island which lies at the eastern tip of mainland Papua New Guinea, Samarai. ‘One people, one soul, one destiny.’
REVIEW: Noted: Study of diasporic film making raises intriguing questions
Authors: Cass Philip 
Published: July 2020

Migrant and Diasporic Film and Filmmaking in New Zealand, edited by Arezou Zalipour. Singapore: Springer Nature, 2019. 209 pages. ISBN 9789811313783.
IF PEOPLE think about diasporic cinema in New Zealand, they probably think about comedies like Sione’s Wedding or Curry Munchers or web series like Flat3. What they all have in common is an attempt to portray different aspects of a particular diasporic community’s life from the inside. Some films have been more successful than others; some exist only online or at film festivals.
Corona Virus and Its Effect to Personal and Community in the Interest Being Entrepreneurs at Ponorogo, Indonesia
Authors: Maharani Shinta , Wulandari Diana Sri 
Published: July 2020

Nowadays the outbreaks of coronavirus (covid19) which increasingly takes souls to make Quarantine policy for each country is the most important thing. The quarantine and stay at home policy predicted would cause the loss of jobs, because of the work stoppage. The prohibition of government to get out of their home has been a pressing source of income of the primary in the economics sector. The huge raised alert status of the coronavirus from yellow to red. It indicates the spread of coronavirus is very serious and has a wide impact on public health, because of this disease, unemployed condition or unable to find work due to intense competition and selection in looking for jobs. Awareness to be able to have an entrepreneurial spirit, being an entrepreneur are increased and considered. Indonesian workers (15 years and above) prefer to work as an office worker, but now they change their mind, while junior and school graduates are the highest contributors to unemployment in Ponorogo, Indonesia. The purpose of this study: 1. to analyze the influence of coronavirus to personal factors on entrepreneurial interest in Ponorogo, Indonesia 2. to analyze the influence of coronavirus to community on entrepreneurial interests in Ponorogo, Indonesia 3. to analyze the influence of coronavirus to personal and community simultaneously on the interests of being entrepreneurs in Ponorogo Indonesia. The method in this study is a quantitative approach, with simple random sampling to 96 respondents. The data collection is a questionnaire. Data analysis used instrument test consisting of validity and reliability test, classic assumption test, hypothesis test consisting of multiple linear regression test, R square test, F test, and t-test. The results showed that the coronavirus effect partially has a positive and significant influence in personal factors and community being entrepreneurial interest. Simultaneously personal factors and the community have a significant influence on the entrepreneurial interest amounted to 54, 7 %, while the rest influenced by other variables not examined in this study.
Lu-Hf analyses of zircon from the Makoppa Dome and Amalia-Kraaipan area: implications for evolution of the Kimberley and Pietersburg blocks of the Kaapvaal Craton
Authors: Elburg M.A. , Poujol M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Previously dated zircon crystals from the Amalia-Kraaipan granite-greenstone belts and Makoppa Dome were analysed for their Lu-Hf isotopic characteristics to refine the geological evolution of these areas. Samples from the Makoppa Dome, belonging to the Pietersburg Block, largely fall within the epsilon Hf-age range for granitoids from the eastern part of the block. However, the oldest 3.01 to 3.03 Ga trondhjemitic gneisses show that reworking of juvenile mafic crust started earlier in the western than the eastern part of the block, suggesting a diachronous tectonic evolution. The three granitoids from the Amalia-Kraaipan area fall within the field for Pietersburg and Kimberley block granitoids. Contribution from older crustal material is seen in a 3.08 Ga schist, likely derived from a volcanic protolith, from the Madibe Belt, in the far east of the Kimberley Block, with a mantle extraction age of 3.25 to 3.45 Ga. The data suggest that the Kimberley Block, like the Pietersburg Block, also contains (minor) ancient crustal components, derived from a depleted mantle source prior to 3.1 Ga. The new data suggest that the Kimberley and Pietersburg blocks underwent a very similar Paleo- to Mesoarchean crustal evolution, with a major crust formation event at 3.1 to 3.0 Ga followed by successive crust reworking until 2.77 Ga. Lavas of the Ventersdorp Supergroup, for which zircon grains from a ca. 2.75 lapilli tuff give εHfi of +2, are the first evidence of a juvenile source, after 300 Myr of crustal reworking.
Age group and gender-wise comparison of obesity indices in subjects of Varanasi
Authors: Sarvottam Kumar , Ranjan Prabhat , Yadav Umashree 
Published: July 2020

Objectives:
Deposition of body fat may differ in different age groups and gender-wise differences are also likely. The present study aims to evaluate age- and gender-wise differences in obesity parameters in healthy subjects of both genders of Varanasi.

Materials and Methods:
Anthropometric measurements were performed in 346 subjects reported in health check-up camp. Parameters were compared between each age group for males and females separately as well as gender-wise comparison for each age group was also performed. Regression analysis was performed to observe the relationship of age with obesity parameters and body mass index (BMI) with other parameters of obesity.

Results:
Both males and females had central obesity with males having higher waist circumference (WC) than females (P = 0.002) while females had higher body fat (fat %) (P = 0.000). Obesity indices of males of age group of 18–29 years were lesser as compared to other age groups. Obesity indices of female subjects were comparable in 18–39 years of age. Age group of 30–39 and 50–59 years males had higher WC than females (P = 0.002, 0.016, respectively) while fat % of females in each age group were significantly higher than males of corresponding age groups. Positive correlation of age with obesity parameters and BMI with WC and fat % was observed.

Conclusion:
Gender-wise differences in BMI, WC, WHtR and fat % tend to increase with age, indicative of increase in adiposity and central obesity with progressing age. Males in general have higher WC than females but lesser fat %. Gender differences in obesity may show age group specific variations. Findings of the study may be useful for identifying age specific distribution of obesity indices in males and females.
Age-associated changes in physiological and biochemical arterial stiffness markers in apparently healthy individuals
Authors: Kar Manisha , Panigrahi Madhuri , Mahapatra Sushil Chandra 
Published: July 2020

Objectives:
Arterial stiffness occurs with increasing age and it is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. Brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) are relatively new physiological and biochemical parameters to ascertain arterial stiffness. We determined age-associated changes in physiological and biochemical parameters of arterial stiffness.

Materials and Methods:
It was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted on apparently healthy 118 male and 114 female subjects of age group 30–>60 years without any cardiovascular or peripheral vascular disease or on any antihypertensive and lipid-lowering therapy. Brachial systolic blood pressure (bSBP), brachial diastolic blood pressure, central systolic blood pressure (cSBP), central diastolic blood pressure (cDBP), heart rate, augmentation index (AIx[%]) and baPWV were recorded after 10 min of rest. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse pressure (PP) and PP ratio (PPR) were derived from the recorded data. Serum samples were analysed to estimate OPG level and lipid profile. Kruskal–Wallis test was performed to compare the differences of the parameters. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to determine any association between baPWV and other parameters. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with baPWV. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results:
Males had significantly higher value of height, weight and PPR than females. Females had significantly higher values of BMI, AIx (%), cSBP, cPP and brachial PP than males. Aged males had significantly higher AIx (%), cPP and brachial PP in comparison to younger males. Aged females showed significantly higher AIx (%), cPP, brachial PP, serum cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and very LDLc (VLDLc) in comparison to younger females. Serum OPG level was found to be a major factor influencing the values of baPWV in both males and females. Other cardiovascular parameters such as cSBP, cDBP, cMAP, brachial SBP and MAP influenced baPWV values in both genders, but biochemical parameters such as serum cholesterol, LDLc influenced baPWV values in the male participants in the present study. Regression analysis revealed that serum TG and OPG levels were strongly associated with baPWV in both genders.

Conclusion:
With increasing age, cardiovascular parameters such as central blood pressure, peripheral blood pressure and AIx (%) were increased in both genders, and PPR was decreased in males. The values of baPWV also exhibited an increasing trend with age. Serum cholesterol, TG, LDLc and VLDLc levels in females were increased with age. Serum OPG level and serum TG levels emerged as major influencing factors of baPWV values in both genders irrespective of age.
DIVERSITY AND POTENTIAL UTILIZATION OF SOME WILD MACROSCOPIC FUNGI AROUND IPB UNIVERSITY CAMPUS BUILDING
Authors: Putra Ivan Permana 
Published: July 2020

Mushroom are cosmopolitan organisms which can emerge in a variety of environment, and around the university building is no exception.The goal of this study was to collect information on macrofungi diversity around IPB Unversity Campus Building in order to be used as a reference for its potential in the future. Macrofungi collection was done by opportunistic sampling method. All mushrooms found were Basidiomycota, which dominated by order of Agaricales. A total of 13 mushrooms were identified and described in this study, namely: Armillariella sp., Marasmiellus sp., Mycena sp., Agrocybe sp., Polyporus sp., Entoloma sp., Xeromphalina sp., Paxillus sp., Lentinus sp. 1, Lentinus sp. 2, Collybia sp., Pluteus sp., and Parasola sp. Some macroscopic fungi found to be potentially used as a bioactive compound sources, medicine and also played an important role as a decomposer in the sampling site.AbstrakJamur makroskopis merupakan organisme kosmopolitan yang mampu tumbuh pada berbagai macam kondisi lingkungan, tidak terkecuali di sekitar bangunan universitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menyediakan informasi mengenai keragaman jamur makroskopis di sekitar kampus Institut Pertanian Bogor untuk pemanfaatannya di masa mendatang. Eksplorasi jamur dilakukan dengan metode pengambilan sampel oportunistik. Semua jamur yang ditemukan merupakan filum Basidiomycota dan didominasi oleh ordo Agaricales. Sebanyak 13 jenis jamur makro berhasil diidentifikasi dan dideskripsikan pada penelitian ini, yaitu: Armillariella sp., Marasmiellus sp., Mycena sp., Agrocybe sp., Polyporus sp., Entoloma sp., Xeromphalina sp., Paxillus sp., Lentinus sp. 1, Lentinus sp. 2, Collybia sp., Pluteus sp., dan Parasola sp. Beberapa Jamur diketahui berpotensi sebagai sumber bahan bioaktif, obat-obatan, dan dekomposer penting pada ekosistem.Kata Kunci: Gedung kampus, Jamur, Ragam, Potensi, IPB
Simulation Study of Autocorrelated Error Using Bayesian Quantile Regression
Authors: Desviona Nayla , Yanuar Ferra 
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to compare the ability of the Classical Quantile Regression method and the Bayesian Quantile Regression method in estimating models that contain autocorrelated error problems using simulation studies. In the quantile regression approach, the data response is divided into several pieces or quantiles conditions on indicator variables. Then, The parameter model is estimated for each selected quantiles. The parameters are estimated using conditional quantile functions obtained by minimizing absolute asymmetric errors. In the Bayesian quantile regression method, the data error is assumed to be asymmetric Laplace distribution. The Bayesian approach for quantile regression uses the Markov Chain Monte Carlo Method with the Gibbs sample algorithm to produce a converging posterior mean. The best method for estimating parameter is the method that produces the smallest absolute value of bias and the smallest confidence interval. This study resulted that the Bayesian Quantile method produces smaller absolute bias values and confidence intervals than the quantile regression method. These results proved that the Bayesian Quantile Regression method tends to produce better estimate values than the Quantile Regression method in the case of autocorrelation errors.
Keywords: Quantile Regression Method, Bayesian Quantile Regression Method, Confidence Interval, Autocorrelation.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Karya Fotografi Yang Diunggah Di Media Sosial Atau Jejaring Internet
Authors: Solehoddin Solehoddin 
Published: July 2020

Karya fotografi yakni sebuah kegiatan atau proses menghasilkan suatu seni gambar/foto melalui media cahaya dengan alat yang disebut kamera dengan maksud dan tujuan tertentu. Fotografi merupakan salah satu bentuk karya seni dari seorang yang bernama fotografer, karya fotografi telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang RI No. 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta. Namun dalam prakteknya masih terdapat banyak pelanggaran mengenai Hak Cipta yang salah satunya merupakan pelanggaran terkait karya seni fotografi. Dengan demikian kami mengkaji apa-apa saja upaya yang dapat dilakukan jika karya fotografi dipublikasikan tanpa seizin pemilik hak cipta (fotografer) dan sejauh mana perlindungan hukum yang dapat diterapkan mengenai hak cipta karya seni fotografi. Guna menjawab permasalahan, peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dimana penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji studi dokumen yang menggunakan berbagai bahan hukum sekunder seperti peraturan perundang-undangan, keputusan pengadilan, teori hukum, dan juga dapat berupa pendapat para sarjana. Perlindungan hukum atas Hak Cipta karya seni fotografi tidak diperlukan upaya pendaftaran terlebih dahulu, karena saat suatu karya seni fotografi dipublikasikan maka secara otomatis telah timbul suatu Hak Cipta yang meliputi Hak Moral dan Hak Ekonomi.
Pemindahtanganan Obyek Kerjasama di Kawasan Lombok Internasional Airport (LIA) Kepada PT. Angkasa Pura
Authors: Tamtomo Joko , Djumardin Djumardin , Wira Pria Suhartana Lalu 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis “pengaturan investasi Pemerintah melalui perjanjian kerjasama pemanfaatan” dan “dapat tidaknya obyek perjanjian kerjasama pemanfaatan dipindahtangankan melalui perjanjian jual beli”. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif. Dengan metode pendekatan : Pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), Pendekatan konspetual (conceptual approach), dan Pendekatan kasus (case approach). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan : Bahwa sebelum berlakunya UU No. 25 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanaman Modal, di dalam UU 1 Tahun 1967 tentang Penanaman Modal Asing mengatur hal-hal yang bersifat limitatif berisi larangan bagi investor asing untuk menanamkan modalnya di Indonesia. Hal ini tercantum dalam Pasal 6 ayat 2 UU Nomor 1 Tahun 1967, yaitu : bidang-bidang yang menduduki peranan penting dalam pertahanan negara, “antara lain” produksi senjata, mesin, alat-alat peledak ada peralatan perang dilarang sama sekali bagi modal asing. Penyebutan kata-kata “antara lain” dalam pasal ini mencerminkan adanya ketidakpastian hukum dalam arti ketidakjelasan perumusan undang-undang. Apabila kita menganalisis pasal ini dengan model yang diketengahkan oleh Max Weber, maka pasal ini dianggap tidak memenuhi unsur formalitas dalam pembentukan hukum. Berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 24 Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Republik Indonesia Nomor 52 Tahun 2012 tentang Pedoman Pengelolaan Investasi Pemerintah Daerah menentukan bahwa dalam hal invstasi pemerintah daerah diperkirakan rugi, pemerintah daerah melakukan divestasi.