bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of dysphagia exercises on swallowing ability among patients with Cerebrovascular Accidents
Authors: Bhuvaneshwari G  , Somiya C  
Published: April 2020

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is one of the foremost reasons leading to mortality and morbidity throughout the world. It is the third biggest killer in India after a heart attack and cancer. It is like a chronic health condition which negatively impacts on quality of life. Dysphagia is one of the most successive side effects in patients with a stroke which is a loss of motion of throat muscles. This condition can disturb the gulping procedure and make eating, drinking, taking prescription and breathing trouble. Dysphagiaexercises are designed toenhancing muscles and coordinatingthe nervesandmuscles involved in swallowing.The pre-experimental design was used with 60 samples who matched the inclusion criteria who were selected by purposive sampling technique.The study aims is to assess the swallowing ability before and after dysphagia exercisesamong patients with cerebrovascular accidents. Demographical variables were collected by using self- structured questionnaires and Modified Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability Scale.The study uncovered that the pre-test mean swallowing ability score was 42.45 with a standard deviation of 8.63 among the cerebrovascular accident patients. The post-test swallowing ability mean score of 50.54% with a standard deviation of 8.23 among the cerebrovascular accident patients. The study findings concluded thatDysphagia practices which was an effective, inexpensive, simple measure for improving swallowing ability among patients with cerebrovascular accident.
Assessment of utilization of anticancer drugs in cancer centre at tertiary care hospitals in Telangana region
Authors: Praveen Kumar T  , Nadeem Ahmed  , Sravan Kumar B  , Chinna Eswaraiah M  
Published: April 2020

Cancer is a life-threatening disease and is a major economic burden to families in India. Assessment of the utilization of anticancerdrugs promotes rational in using drugs.The main objective of the study was to identify theprevalence of various types of cancers, analyzing the prescribing patterns of anticancer drugs in cancer centers atthe tertiary care government hospital of Telangana. It was aProspective and observational study carried out in hospitals ofTelangana for a period of six months, which includes 300 patients. All the patients with respective to age, sex, diagnosis, and treatment, who were on anticancer prescription and were willing to give consent, were included in the study.Among 300 patients selected in our study, 111 (37 %) were males, and 189 (63 %) were female patients.170 (56.66 %) cancer cases were evident between 71 to 80 years of age. Hypertension is the major comorbidity observed in 68 cancer patients.54 drugs were prescribed for different cancers patients in our study. The most commonly used class of anticancer agents wastyrosine kinase inhibitors (10drugs), monoclonal antibodies (10 drugs). 33 female patients were suffering from breast cancer, and Lungs cancer was found in 44 patients. Carboplatin was given to 30 (10%) patients, followed by Chlorambucil to 27 patients (9%).Assessment of utilization of Anticancer Drugs promotes education to a physician for rational drug use and can give better health care and also cost-effective treatment.
Adequacy of Olmesartan monotherapy versus cotherapy in patients with essential hypertension
Authors: Rada Feryal Hashim 
Published: April 2020

Olmesartan is a class of an angiotensin II receptor blocker drugs used for the treatment of hypertension. The aim of this crossover clinical study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Olmesartan monotherapy compared to Olmesartan plus amlodipine co-therapy in patients with essential hypertension. An entire of eighty-three patients (45 males, 38 females) their age ranging (45-55 ) years with essential hypertension enrolled from Al Yarmouk hospital /Iraq for this study. After reaching the point of inclusion criteria, they treated with Olmesartan medoxomil 20 mg daily for a period of two months, then after two weeks of wash off, they treated with Olmesartan 20 mg daily plus amlodipine 10 mg daily for another two months. Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and clinical laboratory tests that include fasting blood levels of glucose, insulin, lipid profile, adiponectin, leptin, cystatin c and creatinine were obtained and studied at baseline (prior treatment), after two months of Olmesartan monotherapy and after two months of Olmesartan co-therapy.The statistical analyses of the data in patients using Olmesartan co-therapy versus Olmesartan monotherapy showed more effectiveness in decreasing blood pressure, better in reducing the blood levels of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and leptin, superior in elevating the values of insulin sensitivity index and in elevating the blood levels of adiponectin. Concisely, the addition of amlodipine to Olmesartan treatment ameliorated insulin sensitivity and adiponectin level and attenuated the leptin level.
SARS-CoV-2 / 2019-Novel Corona Virus: An Epidemic to Pandemic
Authors: Argha Sarkar  , Mayuri Kundu  , Padarthi Venkataramana  , Pinaki Chakraborty  
Published: April 2020

An unexpected outbreak of pneumonia of unfamiliar aetiology in Wuhan,Hubei, China was reported in December 2019. World Health Organization identified the pathogen and named it COVID-19. COVID-19 madethe world go through a cisis. The impact of this viral disease is now an issue of major concern. Respiratory infections, dry cough with fever are the major symptoms which are due to beta coronavirus, namely Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Within a short spell, COVID-19 spread all over China. Since January to today 24 March 2020 this epidemic turned into pandemic with continuous rise of cases and deaths. Italy, Germany, Spain, USA, Iran, France are the countries where the disease is spreading in a community level and rest of the countries over the globe the positive cases are also comingin. As the disease is communicable, it is highly necessary to take measures before it starts spreading in countries like India where the population is very high. The treatment of this severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 is not clear so far. Prevention is the only way to stop spreading this fatal disease. In view of this, the total state of knowledge regarding COVID-19 and the suggestive prevention are discussed by considering countries (considering India) where the population is high and this pandemic has just started spreading.
3D model simulating the hydro-mechanical state of unsaturated and deformable material during hot air drying
Authors: Hassini Lamine 
Published: April 2020

A three dimensional model to predict the hydro-mechanical state of unsaturated and deformable material during hot air drying has been proposed. The material viscoelastic behaviour was formulated using Bishop’s effective stress theory for partially saturated material using the liquid saturation as the Bishop parameter. The hydro-thermal and mechanical equations were coupled by the fluid pressure and the solid matter velocity. The model was applied to a deformable material (innovative clay-cellulose fibers composite) subjected to convective drying. A generalized Maxwell model with five elements, whose parameters were measured experimentally and correlated to water content was used to describe the material’s viscoelastic behavior. The hydro-thermal part of the proposed model was validated on the basis of a comparison of experimental and simulated drying rate curves. The Von Mises stress was simulated and compared to the experimental tensile strength in order to predict the time and the region of material failure. For a drying process at95°C, the region of failure risk was identified. The failure may occur on the lateral surface of the slab in contact with air at a drying time of 2.5h.
Ocorrência de internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária (ICSAP) no município de Campinas, São Paulo: associação com os atributos necessários a atenção primária.
Authors: Fonseca Marcia Regina Campos Costa da , Santana Laura Alejandra Matulevich , Rojo Maria Eduarda Ribeiro 
Published: April 2020

Introdução: As Internações por Condições Sensíveis à Atenção Primária (ICSAP) são um indicador indireto da efetividade do primeiro nível de atenção à saúde. Objetivo: Analisar a ocorrência de ICSAP e verificar a associação, nas unidades de saúde com maior e menor coeficiente ICSAP, com os atributos necessários à atenção primária à saúde (APS). Método: Estudo descritivo, sendo a fonte de dados das ICSAP, o Sistema de Informações Hospitalares-Campinas, 2015, e a fonte de dados referentes aos atributos das unidades de saúde, a entrevista aplicada à equipe de saúde, sendo um questionário avaliando a adequação da estrutura, baseado no Instrumento de Avaliação Externa do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ) e o outro avaliando a adequação do processo de trabalho, através do Primary Care Assessment Tool PCATool-Brasil. Para as análises estatísticas foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, sendo 5% o nível de significância adotado nos testes. Resultados: As ICSAP corresponderam a 15,6% do total de internações do município, sendo mais frequente entre os idosos (48,6%). Não se observou significância estatística entre as ocorrências de ISCAP e os atributos da APS. Conclusão: Os achados deste estudo auxiliam na avaliação da atenção básica no Brasil.
INFLUENCE OF NANOSIZED SILICA OXIDE SUSPENSION ON NITRIC OXIDE PRODUCTION IN RATS TESTES DURING CHRONIC NITRATE-FLUORIDE INTOXICATION
Authors: Akimov O.Ye. , Solovyova N.V. , Kostenko V.O. 
Published: April 2020

In the Poltava region of Ukraine there is a high possibility of combined excessive intake of nitrates and fluorides, since the waters of the Buchaksʹkii aquifer are rich in fluorine ions, moreover, the Poltava region is a region with a developed agriculture.
The purpose of this work is to determine the effect of nanosized silicon oxide suspension on the changes in the activity of nitric oxide cycle components, components, and, namely the total activity of NO-synthases (NOS), the activity of constitutive forms of NOS (cNOS), inducible form of NOS (iNOS), nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, nitrite reductase, nitrite reductase in the testes of rats under the conditions of chronic combined nitrate-fluorodide intoxication.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 15 mature male Wistar rats weighing 200-253 g. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups of 5 animals in each. The first group received daily saline solution through a gastric tube. The second group (chronic combined intoxication group) received sodium nitrate and fluoride in a dosage of 500 mg / kg of sodium nitrate and 10 mg / kg of sodium fluoride. The third group against the background of chronic combined intoxication modelling additionally received a suspension of nanosized silicon oxide is a dosage of 100 mg / kg of active substance.
Results. Chronic combined intoxication increases total NOS activity by 65.9% compared to the control group. The increase in NO production by NOS is the result of a 4-fold increase in iNOS activity, since the activity of cNOS under these conditions does not change significantly. Nitrite reductase-dependent NO production increases by 66.7%, nitrate reductase activity increases by 77.8%. Nitrite content in the testes homogenate grows in 2.17 times. Hydrolytic cleavage of L-arginine by arginase increases in 2.88 times. The introduction of nanosized silicon oxide suspension under the conditions of chronic combined intoxication did not statistically significantly change the total NOS activity and cNOS activity compared to the group exposed to chronic intoxication. However, iNOS activity reduces in 3.69 times. Nitrate reductase activity decreases in 1.6 times, while nitrite reductase activity decreases in 45%. The activity of arginases lowered in 2.38 times. The nitrite content of the testes cut down by 23.6%.
Conclusions. Chronic combined nitrate-fluoride intoxication leads to the development of hyperproduction of nitric oxide in the testes of rats by activating the inducible isoform of NO synthase and nitrite reductases. The use of nanosized silica suspension during chronic combined intoxication is an effective method to correct nitric oxide overproduction in the testes of rats.
EXPERIENCE OF USING INTERACTIVE METHODS AND INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING HISTOLOGY, CYTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY AT IVANO-FRANKIVSK NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Atamanchuk O. V. 
Published: April 2020

The integration of Ukraine into the European scientific and educational space requires wider implementation of modern world standards in the field of education, and envisages the training of highly qualified specialists who are able to integrate theoretical knowledge and practical skills in practical activities, to use today’s technologies. In this context, it is of a great importance to develop the professional competency of future professionals that will contribute to their competitiveness at the international services market. The training of the future doctor has been and is remaining a rather complex and challenging task. Achieving this goal requires not only the development of knowledge, skills and skills, but also the development of clinical and analytical thinking. The aim of the publication is to analyse and present the experience of implementing interactive methods and innovative technologies in the training process by the staff of the Department of Hystology, Cytology and Embryology, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University. During lecture, practical classes, as well as during students’ out-of-class learning and individual research, the teaching staff successfully uses modern approaches of interpersonal interaction. Data visualization lectures, seminar-discussion and brainstorming methodology used on the regular basis include innovative technologies and help students to acquire deep professional knowledge by enhancing their motivation for better learning and fostering professional critical thinking, as well as the ability to articulate, defend and analyse the views of opponents. On the other hand, the interactive teaching methods enable the creative potential of the teachers to be unleashed by refreshing their creative horizons and encouraging them to elaborate new effective techniques and didactic approaches, to improve their pedagogical skills. Systematic use of interactive technologies enables to establish effective feedback between the participants in the educational process, to check the depth of their perception, understanding and processing of information, and ultimately develops the necessary professional skills of future health care professionals to effectively address health challenges.
THERAPEUTIC CASE REPORT: SHORT-TERM PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANCE TO A PATIENT WITH ANXIETY AND PRONOUNCED PSYCHOSOMATIC SYMPTOMS
Authors: Hilman A. Yu. 
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this paper was to present and analyze a therapeutic case report of short-term psychological assistance to a client with anxiety and pronounced psychosomatic complaints. The article describes the psychosomatic manifestations presented by the client, the assessment of her mental status, the analysis of findings obtained by psychodiagnostic examination, the course of the client's psychotherapeutic intervention and the outcomes achieved. The methodology included Hospital Alarm and Depression Scale (HADS), A. Beck Depression Scale, Alarm Scale (HAM-A), SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Gisen Psychosomatic Complaint Questionnaire, Psychosomatic Disorders Questionnaire by Chaban O. and Haustova O., the self-esteem scale of depression and anxiety according to Chaban O. and Haustova O., diagnostic techniques of psychosomatic complaints according to Chaban O. and Haustova O. Results: According to the results of the psychodiagnostic examination, the client was found to have expressed anxiety and mild depression, low level of anxiety disorder, lowered indicators of viability, psychological and physical health and social functioning according to the scales mentioned above. The patient demonstrated an increased overall rate of subjective physical complaints with prevalence of psychosomatic complaints of pain in different parts of the body, exhaustion and cardiac symptoms, as well as moderate manifestation of somatic symptoms. A significant impairment of the patient’s psychological health component was diagnosed. The client's physical health component was slightly above average, vital energy was reduced. Integrated counselling and psychotherapy were conducted with the patient. Conclusions. Following the psychotherapeutic assistance, and in particular, psychosomatic therapy, the anxiety level significantly decreased that resulted in somewhat amelioration in the psycho-emotional state of the patient and dying out of frequent psychosomatic complaints.
GONADOPROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF ANTIOXIDANT COMPLEX IN CONDITIONS CAUSED BY TOXIC EFFECTS OF HERBICIDES
Authors: Moisieieva N.V. , Kapustianska A.A. , Shumeiko O.H. 
Published: April 2020

Nowadays, when the nation’s temporary economic difficulties have led to a decline in the agriculture share of the overall economy, the problem of controlling weeds of agricultural land is especially urgent. Undoubtedly, in our country, with the strengthening of the economy, the use of plant protection products is growing, requiring even closer attention to the problem of the environmental impact of herbicides and the rehabilitation of soils contaminated with residues of poisonous chemicals. The general mechanism of the action affecting herbicides of different groups is the violation of redox processes, and, in particular, the increase in free radical lipid peroxidation, first of all, in gonadal cell membranes that can eventually lead to the destruction throughout the reproductive period. Moreover, they produce gonadotoxic effects leading to a decrease in steroidogenesis, and as a consequence, to impaired spermatogenesis.
The aim of the study was to investigate the gonadoprotective properties of the antioxidant complex, its effect on the parameters of lipid peroxidation, morphological and functional changes in the testes of rats exposed to the toxic effect of the clopyralid herbicide.
The introduction of this complex under the conditions mentioned above contributed not only to a significant decrease in free radical lipid perozidation in the blood and tissues of the testes, but also to normalization of the state of spermatogenic epithelium, quantitative sperm indicators, normalization of sperm motility. It has been proven the complex of antioxidants not only affects the level of spermatogenic epithelium, but also improves the quality of sperm, contributing to the restoration of sperm motility. The studies of morphological changes in the testes and the functional maturation of the sperm have shown that the most significant changes were registered during the correction with the antioxidant complex, emphasizing its more pronounced gonadoprotective effect.
The results obtained indicate the feasibility of using this antioxidant complex as gonadoprotectant in cases of chronic intoxication with herbicides.
ASSESSMENT OF LIFE QUALITY INDICATORS DEPENDING ON THE MUSCLE TONE OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS COURSE.
Authors: Shkodina A.D. , Tarianyk K.A. , Lytvynenko N.V. , Boiko D.I. 
Published: April 2020

Multiple sclerosis has been known as one of the largest “contributor” to disability in young people worldwide, and muscle spasticity of the lower extremities is one of the challenges associated with this disease. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between the severity of spastic hypertonicity in the lower extremity muscles and the life quality of patients with different types of multiple sclerosis courses. The study included 43 male and female inpatients with multiple sclerosis aged 19 – 54 years (mean age was 38±9.8 years) in the exacerbation stage, who took the course of treatment at the neurological department. The participants were divided into groups according to the type of course of the disease: I group with relapse remitting course, and II group with secondary progressive course. The diagnosis was made according to the criteria of McDonald (2011). The Expanded Disability Status Scale was used to assess the extent of disability. All patients received pulse therapy with methylprednisolone for 5 days. The spasticity in the lower extremities was evaluated by the modified Tardieu Scale. Life quality indicators were evaluated using the Short Form-36 questionnaire followed by analysis of all subscales. Assessment of cognitive function was performed by applying the Mini-Mental State Examination scale for both groups. The study has shown that spasticity, as a symptom of the disease, has an impact on the quality of life depending on the type of multiple sclerosis. Spastic hypertonicity in different muscle groups affects the quality of life that should be taken into account when choosing treatment tactics. With age and duration of the disease, the patients with relapse remitting multiple sclerosis lose the ability to assess of their physical functioning, the patients with secondary progressive experience the increase in spasticity that indicates a difference in subjective perception of the disease in different types of disease.
Prespective of medical students towards experimental biochemistry
Authors: Mansoor Sumreena , Ashraf Almas 
Published: April 2020

Objective: The simple curriculum of Medical science has the complex biochemical theories which are hard to grasp. To address this problem, practical knowledge and change in approach to study is relevant to have a better foundation in clinical years; where this information has to be applied.
Methodology: Modifications were made in experimental biochemistry and genetics to focus on more applied knowledge through experiments and problem-based learning. A seven-item questionnaire to check the students’ perspective of biochemistry was distributed among second year students, 89 out of 104 responded.
Results: 42 were males and 47 were females. The results were positive between 60% and 70% for all the items. 70% was highest, which was for component, which they still hope for better courses in the future.
Conclusion: Numerous strategies have been applied to promote teaching results and increase the effectiveness of teaching to undergraduate clinical students in biochemistry.
Use of e-learning tools in integrated clinical biochemistry
Authors: Saeed Saima , Mansoor Sumreena 
Published: April 2020

Objective: To evaluate usefulness of e-learning tools in teaching integrated clinical biochemistry.
Methodology: The study was carried out on the 1st year medical students of Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University. Students were given questionnaire to fill. Statistical procedures were performed with the SPSS software. The qualitative data is presented in the form of frequency and percentages.
Results: More than half of the students were already aware of some form of e-learning tool. Most beneficial tool was YouTube followed by Dropbox, WhatsApp. Most of the students wanted recorded video lectures, more online books and more handouts. Majority students wanted a combination of both forms of learning.
Conclusion: e-learning means learning which involves technology. It aids in understanding concepts. The best form is blended learning, which is a combination of e-learning and traditional learning. Students found e-learning to be effective and economical. Students of Pakistan are using smart phones, iPads, computers, etc. Their integration will require development of computer systems and training of faculty members. Different institutes may select different modalities depending on their requirement, faculty training and financial resources.