bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A modified model for predicting cyclic stress–strain relationship of fiber reinforced polymer grid reinforced engineered cementitious composites
Authors: Zhu Zhong‐Feng , Wang Wen‐Wei , Yin Shi‐Ping , Tian Jun , Zheng Yu‐Zhou , Huang Hui 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTo verify the universality of the cycling model of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) grid reinforced engineered cementitious composite (CFRP‐ECC) material, a complementary experiment was carried out to investigate the cycling behavior of basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) grid reinforced ECC (BFRP‐ECC) composite material using both traditional measurement and digital image correlation system. Elastic modulus, layers, and surface treatment of BFRP grid and the loading schemes were considered as the major variables in the experiment. Compared with the CFRP‐ECC, BFRP‐ECC had better ultimate and residual deformation capabilities. Test results also showed that the effective strain of the internal BFRP grid reached 80–90% of the ultimate material strain, therefore, higher loading capacity of BFRP‐ECC material was obtained. A unified model was proposed to analyze the cyclic stress–strain behavior for both BFRP‐ECC and CFRP‐ECC materials. The validation of the analysis model was verified through comparisons between the predicted values and the test results.
Absolute Autocatalytic Amplification under Heterogenous Phase Conditions Involving Subsequent Hydride Transfer and a Hemiacetal Intermediate
Authors: Rotunno Giuseppe , Petersen Dirk , Amedjkouh Mohamed 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAbstract: In contrast to the homogenous phase, absolute asymmetric amplification of pyridine alkanol is observed under heterogenous conditions. The reaction of iPr2Zn vapor on a solid powder of pyridine carbaldehyde induced autocatalytic amplification of chirality providing the alkanol product with an enantiopurity up to 90 % ee. In this study, side products were identified and their formation is traced back to redox pathways involving hydride transfer, namely a chiral ester resulting most probably from a disproportionation of the starting aldehyde into a hemiacetal and subsequent hydride loss following a Claisen‐Tishchenko mechanism. These observations provide new perspectives in the elucidation of the mechanism of amplification of chirality in the Soai reaction.
Cognate Instruction and Bilingual Students’ Improved Literacy Performance
Authors: García Georgia Earnest , Sacco Lena J. , Guerrero‐Arias Beatriz Eugenia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSpanish–English cognates (words from ancestrally related languages similar in appearance and meaning) are plentiful in students’ reading materials, but few researchers have documented elementary‐age bilingual (Spanish–English) students’ actual use of cognates. The authors drew from two qualitative research studies to show how bilingual students can be taught to use cognates to improve their spelling, writing, and reading. The third‐grade teacher's instruction included a cognate definition and examples, identification of the written similarities and differences in Spanish–English cognates, and the completion of cognate lessons related to the students’ English instruction on electricity. The fourth graders received cognate instruction to support their English reading comprehension. After instruction, most of the third graders used cognates for spelling and writing but not for reading, whereas most of the fourth graders used cognates to improve their English reading comprehension. Recommendations are made for how to teach cognates to bilingual students in bilingual, English‐only, and English as a second language classrooms.
Transformative Learning in a Mexican American Mothers’ Book Club
Authors: Ochoa Pablo F. , Quiroa Ruth E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this qualitative case study, the authors explored the responses of seven Mexican American mothers during a bilingual (Spanish–English) parent book club with a chapter book from their children’s elementary school literacy curriculum. The authors sought to better understand the findings of a previous study in which parents expressed new learning during comprehension‐related activities. Specifically, the authors examined how these women came to better understand their identities as literate individuals capable of assisting peers and their children’s literacy learning. Analysis of interviews and book club session transcripts, written and artistic artifacts, and researcher reflective journal entries revealed that during reflective dialogue, participants assumed all of Brooks and Browne’s (2012) homeplace reader positions (ethnic group, community, family, and peers) and the additional positions of empowerment and action.
3D/4D spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) fetal echocardiography provides incremental benefit over 2D fetal echocardiography in predicting postnatal surgical approach in double‐outlet right ventricle
Authors: Karmegaraj B. , Kumar S. , Srimurugan B. , Sudhakar A. , Simpson J. M. , Vaidyanathan B. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo analyze the incremental benefit of 3D/4D spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) fetal echocardiography over 2D fetal echocardiography with respect to the accuracy of identification of anatomic details crucial for surgical decision‐making and in predicting surgical approach in fetuses with double‐outlet right ventricle (DORV).MethodsThis was a retrospective study of fetuses with DORV which had undergone both 2D echocardiography and 3D/4D STIC echocardiography and which underwent surgery postnatally in a tertiary pediatric cardiac center in Kerala between October 2015 and March 2019. All such cases with normal atrial arrangement, concordant atrioventricular connections and balanced ventricles were included. 2D and 3D/4D STIC fetal echocardiographic data were analyzed by two experienced observers blinded to the other dataset. Anatomic variables crucial for surgical decision‐making, i.e. location and routability of the ventricular septal defect, relationship of the great arteries and presence of outflow obstruction, were compared between the two modalities with respect to agreement with postnatal echocardiography. The accuracy of prenatal prediction of the surgical pathway was compared between 2D and 3D/4D modalities with respect to the procedure undertaken.ResultsIncluded in the study were 22 fetuses with DORV which had undergone both 2D and 3D/4D imaging as well as postnatal surgery. Accuracy of prenatal interpretation of all four anatomic variables was significantly higher using 3D/4D STIC than using 2D fetal echocardiography (19/22 (86.4%) vs 8/22 (36.4%), P < 0.001). Surgical procedures included single‐stage repair in 14 (63.5%) patients and a multistage approach in eight (36.4%). Prenatal prediction of the surgical pathway was significantly more accurate on 3D/4D STIC than on 2D echocardiography (20/22 (90.9%) vs 12/22 (54.5%), P = 0.021). Prenatal predictive accuracy of single‐stage biventricular repair was significantly better for 3D/4D STIC than for 2D echocardiography (14/14 (100%) vs 8/14 (57.1%), P = 0.04).ConclusionAddition of 3D/4D STIC to conventional 2D fetal echocardiography confers incremental benefit on the accuracy of identification of anatomic details crucial for surgical decision‐making and the prediction of postnatal surgical approach in fetuses with DORV, thereby potentially aiding prenatal counseling. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Design and analysis of computer experiments with quantitative and qualitative inputs: A selective review
Authors: Kang Xiaoning , Deng Xinwei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractComputer experiment refers to the study of complex systems by using computer simulations to emulate the physical system. Design and analysis of computer experiments have attracted great attention in past decades. However, many computer experiments involve not only quantitative inputs, but also qualitative inputs, which make the design and analysis more challenging. The Latin hypercube design and its variants are widely used in computer experiments, but mainly for the quantitative inputs. Constructing desirable emulators for computer experiments with qualitative inputs also remains a challenging problem due to the discrete nature of qualitative inputs. In this review, we describe a set of statistical approaches for design and analysis of computer experiments with both quantitative and qualitative factors.This article is categorized under:Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Key Design Issues in Data MiningAlgorithmic Development > Statistics
The lack of males due to illegal trapping is causing polygyny in the globally endangered Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata
Authors: Segura Luciano N. , Perelló Milton , Gress Néstor H. , Ontiveros Rafael 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe present breeding data from the southernmost populations of the globally “Endangered” Yellow CardinalGubernatrix cristatain Argentina, confirming the presence of current breeding populations in the region. We monitored a family group in a nesting territory composed of one male and three females throughout the breeding season 2017–2018. We found a low nest success and productivity, probably associated with the lower contribution of the male, since it was attending three reproductive females simultaneously. We attribute this uncommon case of polygyny to the lack of males in the area caused by the high intensity of male trapping for illegal trade.
Breeding biology of the Cipo Cinclodes Cinclodes espinhacensis, a micro-endemic furnariid of the southeastern Brazilian mountains
Authors: Costa Lílian Mariana , de Freitas Guilherme Henrique Silva , da Silva Pedro Henrique Vieira Braga Pereira , Ribeiro Leonardo Cotta , de Vasconcelos Marcelo Ferreira , Rodrigues Marcos 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Cipo CinclodesCinclodes espinhacensisis a recently described furnariid endemic to thecampos rupestresof Serra do Cipó, southern Espinhaço Range, southeastern Brazil. It is an “Endangered” species and its natural history is poorly known. We studied the Cipo Cinclodes breeding biology at Serra do Breu, where we found six nests on rock outcrops in 2009 and 2012. At least one nest was reused in different years. Breeding season was from September (nest building) to January (dependent juveniles). Nests were shallow cups or beds placed in chambers at the end of earthen and/or rocky tunnels or crevices on rock outcrops. Clutch size was 2–3 eggs. It exhibited biparental care during all nest stages. We demonstrated that the nesting habits of Cipo Cinclodes agree with those reported for other species of the genus, although some details differ from what is known for the closely related species, the Long-tailed CinclodesCinclodes pabsti.
First nest description of the Azure-shouldered Tanager (Thraupis cyanoptera, Thraupidae)
Authors: Zima Paulo Victor Queijo , Perrella Daniel Fernandes , Francisco Mercival Roberto 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe genus Thraupis represents the typical tanagers, and despite the commonness of some species their reproductive aspects are poorly documented. Here we provide the first description of nests and nestlings of the Azure-shouldered Tanager, Thraupis cyanoptera, and we provide additional information on eggs. We found three active nests at Carlos Botelho State Park, southeastern Brazil, in September and October 2014, and in November 2016. The nests were built within large tangles of bromeliads, 4.1–5.2 m above ground. They were shallow bottom-supported cups, composed mainly of elongated stripes of dry bromeliad leaves. Eggs were subeliptical, with white background color and small brown spots and blotches evenly distributed throughout the surface. Nestlings had pink skin and gray down, with ocher bill and white swollen flanges. Although more forest-dwelling than other congeners, the Azure-shouldered Tanager seems to tolerate some habitat disturbance, as nests were observed in clearings.
Waterbirds catch and release a poisonous fish at a mudflat in southeastern Australia
Authors: Sazima Ivan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSeveral waterbird species prey on fishes, and usually use only one sensory mode to detect this prey: herons hunt visually guided, whereas ibises mostly search tactilely guided. I report herein events in which a heron and an ibis caught and released a poisonous fish at a mudflat in southeastern Australia. A Great Egret (Ardea alba) that targeted small gerreid fishes caught and immediately released the very toxic pufferfish Tetractenos hamiltoni, with bill washing and discomfort movements afterwards. Two Australian White Ibises (Threskiornis molucca) that probed for bottom-dwelling fishes and crabs caught and handled these pufferfishes for about 60 s, before releasing them. Next, the birds dipped the bill in the water and resumed hunting. Pufferfishes are rarely preyed on by birds, but an Australian bird that feeds on this fish type is the Silver Gull (Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae), which eats the pufferfish Torquigener pleurogramma when it is nontoxic or less harmful.
Southeastern Brazilian tyrannulets as flower watchers
Authors: Willis Edwin O’Neill , Bencke Glayson Ariel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSeveral species of insect-eating birds occasionally visit flowering trees or shrubs to feed on arthropods at flowers instead of nectar or petals. In southeastern Brazil, the Planalto Tyrannulet Phyllomyias fasciatus (10.3 g) and the Gray-headed Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum poliocephalum (7 g) often watch flowers to get insects and can visit flowering trees for hours or for several days. We describe the foraging behavior of these two tyrannulets at flowering trees and also report observations on several other species, mostly tyrant-flycatchers and tanagers. As an opportunistic foraging strategy, flower watching can be expected to be more common among small, canopy or edge birds that sally or hover-glean to catch small insects on or near foliage.
Nest and nestling description of Automolus rufipileatus from Brazil
Authors: Junqueira Tiago Guimarães , Lara Kelrene Moreira , Pinho João Batista , Aragona Mônica , Mathias Pablo Vinícius Clemente , Mendonça Claudio Veloso 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe describe here the first documented nest and nestling of the Chestnut-crowned Foliage-gleaner (Automolus rufipileatus) in Brazil. They were recorded in the municipality of Vitória do Xingu, state of Pará, at Amazonian domains. As other members of the genus Automolus, the nest of A. rufipileatus was in a steep clay bank on the edge of a small stream, comprising an inclined entrance tunnel to access two distinct chambers. The nest can be classified as a cavity with inclined tunnel. When discovered, the nest housed a nestling in advanced stage of development; therefore, it was not possible to describe the eggs, incubation period and nestling’s initial development. We encourage additional studies on Chestnut-crowned Foliage-gleaner reproductive biology.
Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) nests in a mosaic of protected areas in Carajás and surrounding areas, state of Pará, Brazil
Authors: da Silva Grace Ferreira , Presti Flávia Torres , Rechetelo Juliana , Guedes Neiva Maria Robaldo , Wasko Adriane Pinto , Donatelli Reginaldo José 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNatural history studies can provide information that can be used in species conservation and management. The present study provides information about the nests and nest sites of Hyacinth Macaws (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) in a mosaic of protected areas in Carajás and surrounding areas in the Amazon region of the state of Pará, Brazil. Data were collected during four expeditions conducted in 2007, 2008, 2013 and 2014. A total of 66 tree cavities were monitored, and 28 of these were used by Hyacinth Macaws. In addition, 38 breeding events were recorded (some nests were active in multiple seasons), and 17 eggs and 33 nestlings were observed. Environmental variables for the 24 cavities that were actively used by Hyacinth Macaws were evaluated. Most of the nest cavities were located in Sterculia sp. trees (86.6%) and in open areas (e.g., near pastures). Nesting tree and cavity measurements were variable, but the mean diameter at breast height of the trees containing Hyacinth Macaw nest cavities was larger than that reported from other regions, such as the Pantanal. The present study describes the unique ecology and life history of Hyacinth Macaws in Carajás, for which information is scarce. This information will facilitate the conservation and management of Hyacinth Macaws and can be used locally for environmental education.
Conformal invariance of the one-loop all-plus helicity scattering amplitudes
Authors: Henn Johannes , Power Bláithín , Zoia Simone 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The massless QCD Lagrangian is conformally invariant and, as a consequence, so are the tree-level scattering amplitudes. However, the implications of this powerful symmetry at loop level are only beginning to be explored systematically. Even for finite loop amplitudes, the way conformal symmetry manifests itself may be subtle, e.g. in the form of anomalous conformal Ward identities. As they are finite and rational, the one-loop all-plus and single-minus amplitudes are a natural first step towards understanding the conformal properties of Yang-Mills theory at loop level. Remarkably, we find that the one-loop all-plus amplitudes are conformally invariant, whereas the single-minus are not. Moreover, we present a formula for the one-loop all-plus amplitudes where the symmetry is manifest term by term. Surprisingly, each term transforms covariantly under directional dual conformal variations. We prove the formula directly using recursive techniques, and check that it has the correct physical factorisations.
Classical limit of large N gauge theories with conformal symmetry
Authors: Terashima Seiji 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper we study classical limit of conformal field theories realized by largeNgauge theories using the generalized coherent states. For generic largeNgauge theories with conformal symmetry, we show that the classical limit of t hem is described by the classical Einstein gravity. This may be regarded as a kind of derivation of the AdS/CFT correspondence.
α′ corrections of Reissner-Nordström black holes
Authors: Cano Pablo A. , Chimento Samuele , Linares Román , Ortín Tomás , Ramírez Pedro F. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We study the first-order in α′ corrections to non-extremal 4-dimensional dyonic Reissner-Nordström (RN) black holes with equal electric and magnetic charges in the context of Heterotic Superstring effective field theory (HST) compactified on a T6. The particular embedding of the dyonic RN black hole in HST considered here is not supersymmetric in the extremal limit. We show that, at first order in α′, consistency with the equations of motion of the HST demands additional scalar and vector fields become active, and we provide explicit expressions for all of them. We determine analytically the position of the event horizon of the black hole, as well as the corrections to the extremality bound, to the temperature and to the entropy, checking that they are related by the first law of black-hole thermodynamics, so that ∂S/∂M = 1/T. We discuss the implications of our results in the context of the Weak Gravity Conjecture, clarifying that entropy corrections for fixed mass and charge at extremality do not necessarily imply corrections to the extremal charge-to-mass ratio.
Radial interpolation of GPS and leveling data of ground deformation in a resurgent caldera: application to Campi Flegrei (Italy)
Authors: Bevilacqua Andrea , Neri Augusto , De Martino Prospero , Isaia Roberto , Novellino Alessandro , Tramparulo Francesco D’Assisi , Vitale Stefano 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study presents a new method, called the Radial Interpolation Method, to interpolate data characterized by an approximately radial pattern around a relatively constrained central zone, such as the ground deformation patterns shown in many active volcanic areas. The method enables the fast production of short-term deformation maps on the base of spatially sparse ground deformation measurements and can provide uncertainty quantification on the interpolated values, fundamental for hazard assessment purposes and deformation source reconstruction. The presented approach is not dependent on a priori assumptions about the geometry, location and physical properties of the source, except for the requirement of a locally radial pattern, i.e., allowing multiple centers of symmetry. We test the new method on a synthetic point source example, and then, we apply the method to selected time intervals of real geodetic data collected at the Campi Flegrei caldera during the last 39 years, including examples of leveling, Geodetic Precise Traversing measurements and Global Positioning System. The maps of horizontal displacement, calculated inland, show maximum values lying along a semicircular annular region with a radius of about 2–3 km in size. This semi-annular area is marked by mesoscale structures such as faults, sand dikes and fractures. The maps of vertical displacement describe a linear relation between the maximum vertical uplift measured and the volume variation. The multiplicative factor in the linear relation is about 0.3 × 106 m3/cm if we estimate the proportion of the ΔVthat is captured by the GPS network onland and we use this to estimate the full ΔV. In this case, the 95% confidence interval on K because of linear regression is ± 5%. Finally, we briefly discuss how the new method could be used for the production of short-term vent opening maps on the base of real-time geodetic measurements of the horizontal and vertical displacements.