bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The awareness of women on prostate cancer: a mixed-methods systematic review protocol
Authors: Wiafe Ebenezer , Mensah Kofi Boamah , Mensah Adwoa Bemah Boamah , Bangalee Varsha , Oosthuizen Frasia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Prostate cancer accounts for about 10% of cancers affecting and claiming the lives of men. Studies have reported that women are better than men in recognition of the early manifestations of various cancers. Besides, women have been recognized to show a profound interest in their partners’ health and hence, make observations that men do not know. Several studies have reported on the knowledge gaps of prostate cancer among patients and the general population. It is vital to comprehensively review the available evidence and identify research gaps in our current understanding of knowledge of women on prostate cancer.

Methods
A search of bibliographic databases, MEDLINE (EBSCOhost), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), Web of Science, and EMBASE (Ovid) will be undertaken from January 1999 to December 2019. The search will be limited to studies published in the English language. Duplication of studies will be removed using the EndNote citation manager. After deduplication, citations will be screened independently by two authors according to prespecified criteria. Data extraction and quality assessment of the selected studies will be done independently by two authors. Meta-analytic methods will be used where appropriate. The convergent segregated method of synthesis will be adopted in this review.

Ethics and dissemination
Primary data collection will not be involved in this study, hence formal ethical clearance will not be needed. The results of the study will be presented through a peer-reviewed journal and conference presentation.

Patient and public involvement
Patients or the public will not be engaged in the conduct of this study.

Trial registration
Open Science Framework (OSF) registration DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/EYHF2
Does the problem begin at the beginning? Medical students’ knowledge and beliefs regarding antibiotics and resistance: a systematic review
Authors: Nogueira-Uzal Natalia , Zapata-Cachafeiro Maruxa , Vázquez-Cancela Olalla , López-Durán Ana , Herdeiro Maria T. , Figueiras Adolfo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Studies have detected that prescribers display gaps in knowledge and inappropriate attitudes regarding antibiotics and resistances, but it is not known whether these are generated during professional practice or derive from the undergraduate stage of their education. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to identify medical students’ knowledge, beliefs and attitudes regarding antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance, and whether these change over the course of their time at medical school.

Methods
We conducted a search of the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases, and included studies that measured knowledge and/or beliefs and/or attitudes regarding antibiotic prescribing and/or resistance, among medical students.

Results
Of the 509 studies retrieved, 22 met the inclusion criteria. While medical students perceived resistance as posing a major public health problem, both worldwide and in their own countries, students in the last two course years were more aware of overprescription of antibiotics in general, and of broad-spectrum antibiotics, at their teaching hospital. There was a considerable lack of knowledge about the treatment of high-incidence infections, and upper respiratory tract infections in particular (41–69% of participants believed antibiotics to be useful for treating these), without any differences by course year. Students were conscious of their personal shortcomings and thus showed willing to improve their education.

Conclusions
Future physicians display important gaps in knowledge, particularly in terms of treatment of high-incidence infections. This finding may be of use when it comes to designing more effective training in antibiotic stewardship for undergraduates.
Evaluating antimicrobial appropriateness in a tertiary care pediatric ICU in Saudi Arabia: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kazzaz Yasser M. , AlTurki Haneen , Aleisa Lama , Alahmadi Bashaer , Alfattoh Nora , Alattas Nadia 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundInappropriate antibiotic utilization is associated with the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and a decline in antibiotic susceptibility in many pathogenic organisms isolated in intensive care units. Antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs) have been recommended as a strategy to reduce and delay the impact of AMR. A crucial step in ASPs is understanding antibiotic utilization practices and quantifying the problem of inappropriate antibiotic use to support a targeted solution. We aim to characterize antibiotic utilization and determine the appropriateness of antibiotic prescription in a tertiary care pediatric intensive care unit.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted at King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, over a 6-month period. Days of therapy (DOT) and DOT per 1000 patient-days were used as measures of antibiotic consumption. The appropriateness of antibiotic use was assessed by two independent pediatric infectious disease physicians based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 12-step Campaign to prevent antimicrobial resistance among hospitalized children.ResultsDuring the study period, 497 patients were admitted to the PICU, accounting for 3009 patient-days. A total of 274 antibiotic courses were administered over 2553 antibiotic days. Forty-eight percent of antibiotic courses were found to be nonadherent to at least 1 CDC step. The top reasons were inappropriate antibiotic choice (empirical or definitive) and inappropriate prophylaxis durations. Cefazolin and vancomycin contributed to the highest percentage of inappropriate DOTs.ConclusionsAntibiotic consumption was high with significant inappropriate utilization. These data could inform decision-making in antimicrobial stewardship programs and strategies. The CDC steps provide a more objective tool and limit biases when assessing antibiotic appropriateness
Trends in disease burden of chronic myeloid leukemia at the global, regional, and national levels: a population-based epidemiologic study
Authors: Ning Liqing , Hu Chuanyu , Lu Pingfan , Que Yimei , Zhu Xiaojian , Li Dengju 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundOutcomes of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has been improved dramatically in the past two decades, but survival levels of CML patients varied in regions. Comprehensive epidemiological research is necessary to evaluate the global burden of CML.MethodsAll data used in our study came from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2017. Incidence cases, death cases, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and its corresponding age-standardized rate between 1990 to 2017 were used to describe the distribution of CML burden, according to age, sex, social-demographic index (SDI), and countries. Data about attributable risk factors contributing to CML deaths and DALYs were also extracted and analyzed.ResultsGlobally, the disease burden of CML gradually decreased from 1990 to 2017. Higher SDI countries achieved a remarkable effect on diminishing the CML burden. Conversely, due to population growth, the incidence cases, death cases, and DALYs of CML in lower SDI quintiles showed an upward trend. India had the most incidence cases and death cases of CML in the world. Additionally, smoking was the most significant attributable risk factor contributing to CML deaths and DALYs, followed by high body mass index.ConclusionThe disease burden of CML decreased globally, especially in higher SDI countries in the past 28 years. The increasing incidence cases and death cases were mainly observed in lower SDI countries. Additionally, strategies to control modifiable risk factors such as smoking and high body mass index might be useful in diminishing mortality and DALYs.
Cancer T-cell therapy: building the foundation for a cure
Authors: Kamb Alexander , Go William Y. 
Published: November 2020

T-cell cancer therapy is a clinical field flush with opportunity. It is part of the revolution in immuno-oncology, most apparent in the dramatic clinical success of PD-1/CTLA-4 antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-Ts) to cure certain melanomas and lymphomas, respectively. Therapeutics based on T cells ultimately hold more promise because of their capacity to carry out complex behaviors and their ease of modification via genetic engineering. But to overcome the substantial obstacles of effective solid-tumor treatment, T-cell therapy must access novel molecular targets or exploit existing ones in new ways. As always, tumor selectivity is the key. T-cell therapy has the potential to address target opportunities afforded by its own unique capacity for signal integration and high sensitivity. With a history of breathtaking innovation, the scientific foundation for the cellular modality has often been bypassed in favor of rapid advance in the clinic. This situation is changing, as the mechanistic basis for activity of CAR-Ts and TCR-Ts is backfilled by painstaking, systematic experiments—harking back to last century’s evolution and maturation of the small-molecule drug discovery field. We believe this trend must continue for T-cell therapy to reach its enormous potential. We support an approach that integrates sound reductionist scientific principles with well-informed, thorough preclinical and translational clinical experiments.
Transmedia storytelling como recurso didático para aproximar a literatura impressa da eletrônica na escola: o caso da série Brasiliana Steampunk
Authors: Tavares Enéias 
Published: November 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é debater questões que envolvem o ensino de literatura a partir da utilização de dispositivos móveis e tecnologias digitais por parte de novas gerações de leitores. Para tanto, primeiramente tratarei da noção de transmedia storytelling, produção ficcional recente no que concerne às relações entre a literatura eletrônica e a literatura impressa, através de uma perspectiva histórica e crítica, tratando de quando e em quais contextos essa abordagem surgiu e chegou ao Brasil. Em segundo lugar, abordarei o caso da série transmedia Brasiliana Steampunk (2014) como um projeto que, ao partir da observação e estudo de casos de transmedia storytelling, pretende-se como um universo de entretenimento que possa prover a professores de ensino secundário e universitário uma forma de engajar seus alunos na leitura, na pesquisa e no aprendizado da literatura brasileira clássica através de romances fantásticos impressos e narrativas digitais variadas, desde contos eletrônicos, web comics e audiodramas, até outros recursos produzidos exclusivamente para o ambiente digital.
Conexiones en red con otros tiempos, espacios y generaciones. Roger Scruton, tradición y educación
Authors: G. Amilburu María 
Published: November 2020

Hoy es frecuente menospreciar el valor de las tradiciones culturales, científicas o de pensamiento, porque remiten y nos vinculan a un tiempo que ya pasó. Y quienes defienden la función esencial que éstas desempeñan en la vida humana y en la tarea educativa, son tachados de conservadores y falsamente acusados de querer encerrarse en el pasado, como si fueran enemigos del progreso, el desarrollo y la innovación. En este artículo se analiza un modo diferente de entender la tradición, que sostienen reconocidos autores contemporáneos como R. Scruton, A. MacIntyre y R.S. Peters. Para ellos, asumir las tradiciones establece fecundas redes intencionales con quienes nos precedieron, con nuestros contemporáneos y con quienes aún no han nacido, favoreciendo así que la humanidad pueda seguir progresando. De acuerdo con la naturaleza teórica de este trabajo, se emplea una metodología propia de la Filosofía de la Educación: localización de fuentes relevantes; lectura, análisis crítico y comparativo de los textos; interpretación hermenéutica y elaboración de conclusiones y propuestas. Este estudio pone de manifiesto que obrar de acuerdo con la tradición denota un tipo de acción intencional que contiene en sí misma el principio de su evolución. Por otra parte, se subraya que no existen tradiciones individuales, sino que siempre son compartidas por un grupo humano, constituyendo el fondo común de expectativas de una sociedad. Las tradiciones son plurales y cada cultura se caracteriza por una corriente central que ha superado la prueba del paso del tiempo y sirve como modelo y fuente de inspiración en el presente. Desempeñan una labor esencial en la tarea educativa, particularmente en lo que respecta a su función socializadora. En definitiva, asumir lo valioso de una tradición no se opone al progreso, sino que lo potencia, al establecer redes intencionales entre los miembros pasados, presentes y futuros de la sociedad.
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Este trabajo es resultado del Proyecto de Investigación I+D+I: "Enseñar la Constitución, Educar en Democracia” RTI2018-096103-B-100 del Programa Estatal de Investigación, Desarrollo, e Innovación orientada a los retos de la sociedad, financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades.
An analysis on the level of social physical anxiety of students studying for university entrance exam
Authors: Emiroglu Dilay , Özmaden Murat 
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of social physical anxiety of students studying for university entrance exam in terms of some variables. This study is based on the general survey model for the specification of social physical anxiety of students studying for university entrance exam and also for the examination of differences on the basis of gender, body mass index, active habit of doing sports, weekly frequency of doing sports, habit of eating fast-food. For data collection, “Personal Information Form” and “Social Physical Anxiety Scale” have been used. Data of this study have been collected during the school year of 2018-2019 from the total number of 401 students studying senior year in high school (in the 12th grade), 216 of which are women (53.9%) and 185 of which are men (46.1%) who study for the university entrance exam at several private educational institutions affiliated with the Directorate of National Education at Efeler district of Aydın. According to the findings resulted from this study, it has been found that the levels of social physical anxiety of students display differences based on the variables of gender, body mass index, active habit of doing sports and weekly frequency of doing sports. It has been found that the level of social physical anxiety of women are higher than men, students with higher body mass index have higher social physical anxiety and also students doing sports have lower levels of social physical anxiety.
​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.
Özet
Bu çalışmada, üniversite sınavına hazırlanan öğrencilerin sosyal fizik kaygı düzeyinin farklı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Üniversite giriş sınavına hazırlanan öğrencilerin sosyal fizik kaygı düzeyinin belirlenmesi ve cinsiyet, vücut kütle indeksi, spor yapma durumu, haftalık spor yapma günü, fast-food yeme sıklığı gibi değişkenler ile incelenmesi açısından genel tarama modelinde bir çalışmadır. Çalışma verilerinin toplanmasında, “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve “Sosyal Fizik Kaygı Envanteri” kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya, 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılında, Aydın ili Efeler ilçesinde Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı özel öğretim kurumlarında üniversite giriş sınavlarına hazırlanan 216 kadın (% 53.9), 185 erkek (% 46.1) olmak üzere toplamda 401 lise son (12.) sınıf öğrencisi katılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre, öğrencilerin sosyal fizik kaygı düzeyinin cinsiyet, vücut kütle indeksi, spor yapma durumu, haftalık spor yapma günü değişkenleri açısından farklılık gösterdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Kadınların sosyal fizik kaygı düzeyinin erkeklerden daha yüksek olduğu, vücut kütle indeksi fazla olan öğrencilerin daha yüksek sosyal fizik kaygı yaşadığı, spor yapan öğrencilerin sosyal fizik kaygı düzeylerinin daha düşük olduğu bulunmuştur.
Aktywność internetowa a poczucie alienacji młodzieży ery mediów
Authors: WASYLEWICZ MAGDALENA 
Published: November 2020

Magdalena Wasylewicz, Aktywność internetowa a poczucie alienacji młodzieży ery mediów [Internet activity and the sense of alienation of young people in the media era]. Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, nr 23, Poznań 2018. Pp. 161-176. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.23.09
The media have become man's natural environment. The younger generation matures in a highly developed society, and the media provide young people with the opportunity to meet fundamental needs, including those of people-to-people contacts. But is it for sure? This raises the question of the link between the Internet activity of young people and their sense of alienation. The article is an attempt to answer this problem. The research was carried out using the diagnostic survey method among 196 students of secondary schools in Podkarpackie and Małopolskie voivodship.
Wspieranie twórczego rozwoju dzieci pochodzących ze środowisk defaworyzowanych społecznie w wybranych kontekstach edukacji medialnej
Authors: KASPRZAK MICHALINA 
Published: November 2020

Michalina Kasprzak, Wspieranie twórczego rozwoju dzieci pochodzących ze środowisk defaworyzowanych społecznie w wybranych kontekstach edukacji medialnej [Supporting the creative development of children from socially disfavoured backgrounds in selected contexts of media education]. Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, nr 23, Poznań 2018. Pp. 177-189. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.23.03
The aim of the article is to present selected contexts of media education in supporting the creative development of children from disfavoured backgrounds. This analysis is based on the results of research carried out by the author in the framework of a doctoral dissertation at the day-support center in Poznań. In the final part of the article, the author presents proposals for changes concerning the introduction of media education elements’ in day-support centers.
Technologie mobilne jako nośnik zmiany – w opinii nauczycieli z czterech krajów europejskich
Authors: GALANCIAK SYLWIA , WEISS ANNA , JUDGE MIRIAM 
Published: November 2020

Sylwia Galanciak, Miriam Judge, Anna Weiss, Technologie mobilne jako nośnik zmiany – w opinii nauczycieli z czterech krajów europejskich [Mobile technologies as a carrier of change – in the opinion of teachers from four European countries]. Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, nr 23, Poznań 2018. Pp. 203-220. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.23.12
The article presents partial results of qualitative research conducted among 83 respondents (28 teachers and 55 students) from four European countries, using tablets to work at school. The aim of the research was to recognize the scope of application of mobile technologies by teachers and students and also their opinions on the usefulness of these technologies as a support in the process of education. An image of teachers and students, who realistically assess the advantages and disadvantages of tablets, and who redefine their role in the educational process, emerges from the individual interviews and focus conversations.
Nowoczesne technologie a uczniowie z dysleksją – możliwości i zagrożenia
Authors: PAWLUK-SKRZYPEK AGNIESZKA , BŁASZCZAK IWONA 
Published: November 2020

Agnieszka Pawluk-Skrzypek, Iwona Błaszczak, Nowoczesne technologie a uczniowie z dysleksją – możliwości i zagrożenia [Modern technologies and students with dyslexia – opportunities and threats]. Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, nr 23, Poznań 2018. Pp. 235-247. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.23.14
The article focuses on the issue of the possibility of using modern technologies in the education and pedagogical therapy of students with developmental dyslexia. The article draws attention to the difficulties experienced by students with developmental dyslexia in contact with modern technologies due to the specificity of their functioning, which consists in the fact that their problems “do not manifest themselves only within the letter system, but apply to all character systems (symbols), which exist to denote (naming, ordering) the existing reality. This also applies to codes that regulate the use of certain symbols, in other words – dyslexia causes difficulties with the use of symbols and the abstraction and application of rules for the use of these symbols. Both letters and numbers, notes, Morse code, numeric time stamping, etc”.
Big data e intervalos de referencia: motivación, prácticas actuales, prerrequisitos de armonización y estandarización y futuras perspectivas en el cálculo de intervalos de referencia mediante métodos indirectos
Authors: Martínez-Sánchez Luisa , Marques-García Fernando , Ozarda Yesim , Blanco Albert , Brouwer Nannette , Canalias Francesca , Cobbaert Christa , Thelen Marc , den Elzen Wendy 
Published: November 2020

Resumen
Los intervalos de referencia son habitualmente empleados como herramienta de apoyo a las decisiones clínicas. En esta revisión se resumen los aspectos relacionados con el big data y los intervalos de referencia, las prácticas actuales, incluyendo los métodos estadísticos, los requisitos de calidad de los datos, incluyendo la armonización y la normalización, y las perspectivas de futuro para la determinación indirecta de intervalos de referencia mediante datos de laboratorio de rutina.
Precision and trueness verification study of an Atellica system
Authors: Vílchez Rodríguez Alberto , González Cantó Julia , Esteve Poblador Sara , Valldecabres Ortiz Carmen , Estela Burriel Pedro L. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Clinical laboratories should use only validated procedures. Precision is an important factor in the validation and verification of a new measurement procedure. Our objective was to verify the precision and trueness of different analysers used for the biochemical and immunochemical characterization of analytes.

Methods
Advia 1800®, Immulite®2000 and CentaurXP® analysers and the Atellica®Solution system were used. Five analytes were characterized biochemically, whereas another five analytes were characterized immunochemically. Imprecision was assessed using BioRad® and Siemens® control materials. Within-run and between-run imprecision were calculated by analysing three replicates of each control in a single run every day for five days. Bias was assessed using 40 samples of serum by the analysis of differences and linear regression.

Results
The within-run and between-run imprecision values obtained with the new measurement procedure were lower than the ones claimed by the manufacturer for all the analytes studied. In the bias study, a proportional but not constant systematic error was observed in some analytes.

Conclusions
The coefficients of variation obtained with Atellica®Solution verified both, the imprecision specifications claimed by the manufacturer and by the laboratory. The conditions of calibration should be revised for some parameters and a wider range of samples should be used.