bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitomycin-C treatment during differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopamine neurons reduces proliferation without compromising survival or function in vivo
Authors: Hiller Benjamin M. , Marmion David J. , Gross Rachel M. , Thompson Cayla A. , Chavez Carrie A. , Brundin Patrik , Wakeman Dustin R. , McMahon Christopher W. , Kordower Jeffrey H. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Nongenetic methodologies to reduce undesirable proliferation would be valuable when generating dopamine neurons from stem cells for transplantation in Parkinson's disease (PD). To this end, we modified an established method for controlled differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into midbrain dopamine neurons using two distinct methods: omission of FGF8 or the in-process use of the DNA cross-linker mitomycin-C (MMC). We transplanted the cells to athymic rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions and monitored long-term survival and function of the grafts. Transplants of cells manufactured using MMC had low proliferation while still permitting robust survival and function comparable to that seen with transplanted dopamine neurons derived using genetic drug selection. Conversely, cells manufactured without FGF8 survived transplantation but exhibited poor in vivo function. Our results suggest that MMC can be used to reduce the number of proliferative cells in stem cell-derived postmitotic neuron preparations for use in PD cell therapy.
Dual‐Targeting Peptides RGD10‐NGR9‐Conjugated Lanthanide Nanoparticle@Polydopamine as Upconversion Nanoprobes for In Vivo Imaging of Lung Cancer
Authors: Cao Jingxue , Zhang Li , Ding Xi , Liu Di , Su Bo , Shi Jingyun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence‐guided surgery is a developing field in precision medicine for cancer treatment. However, traditional NIR fluorescent reagents have limitations including lower sensitivity and specificity for tumor delineation, as well as insufficient photostability and tissue penetration depth. Herein, an improved dual‐targeting lanthanide‐doped NIR‐to‐visible upconversion nanoprobe is constructed for fluorescent imaging of lung cancer. The nanoprobes (UCNP@P‐RGD‐NGR) are synthesized by preparing polydopamine‐coated NaYF4:Yb/Tm@NaYF4 upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) and conjugating them with dual‐targeting peptides RGD10‐NGR9, which are designed to target both integrin αvβ3/αvβ5 and aminopeptidase N receptors on tumor cells. The monodispersed core–shell nanoprobe is rod‐shaped (≈32 nm in minor axis) with ultrathin polydopamine shell (≈2 nm) under transmission electron microscopy. The absorption spectrum and upconversion luminescence properties of the nanoprobes are identified by spectrometry. Toxicity analysis on cellular and animal experiments suggests the nanoprobes are well biocompatible. UCNP@P‐RGD‐NGR can specifically target A549 cancer cells as revealed by competitive cell binding assay and ICP‐MS. Imaging studies in vivo with BALB/c nude mice bearing tumor xenografts demonstrate that UCNP@P‐RGD‐NGR can delineate tumor from surrounding normal tissues with strong upconversion blue–violet luminescence. This dual‐targeting nanoprobe shows great potential for clinical application for NIR fluorescence surgical navigation of lung cancer.
Influence of SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, and Na2O on the elevated temperature performance of alkali‐activated treated palm oil fuel ash‐based mortar
Authors: Mijarsh Mustafa Juma A. , Megat Johari Megat A. , Abu Bakar Badorul H. , Ahmad Zainal A. , Zeyad Abdullah M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe mechanical, physical, and chemical changes due to oxides molar ratios (SiO2/Al2O3 and SiO2/CaO), and various Na2O concentrations of treated palm oil fuel ash (TPOFA)‐based alkali‐activated mortar (AAM) after being exposed to different elevated temperatures up to 1,000°C were investigated. The source materials (SMs) and alkaline activator (AA) were used as the main base material to produce the AAM. The SMs consist of TPOFA with and without mineral additives (Ca(OH)2, Al(OH)3, and silica fume (SF)). The AA was characterized by various Na2O concentrations of 7.1, 6.0, and 5.5% relative to the AAB weight. The results indicated that the relative compressive strength (CS) improved significantly from 9.20 to 34.62% after being exposed to 800°C. This was mainly due to the decrease in the total oxide's ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 and SiO2/CaO from 14.84 and 6.98% to 4.27 and 2.03%, respectively. The relative CS has increased from 0.0 to 101.38% after exposed to 1,000°C when Na2O concentration reduced from 7.1 to 5.5%. This was due to the formation of more N–A–S–H and C–A–S–H gel binders as indicated at 28 days, which were transformed to nepheline (NaAl(SiO4)) and wollastonite (CaSiO3) phases after exposure to 800°C and 1,000°C, respectively.
Shh‐Yap signaling controls hepatic ductular reactions in CCl4‐induced liver injury
Authors: Jin Lifang , Huang Huarong , Ni Jian , Shen Jiayuan , Liu Zuping , Li Lijing , Fu Shengmin , Yan Junyan , Hu Baowei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCarbon tetrachloride (CCl4) exposure can induce hepatic ductular reactions. To date, however, the related mechanism remains largely unknown. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Yes‐associated protein (Yap) signaling are correlated with liver injury and regeneration. Herein, we investigated the role of Shh and Yap signaling in the fate of ductular reaction cells in CCl4‐treated livers and the possible mechanisms. Wild‐type and Shh‐EGFP‐Cre male mice were exposed to CCl4 (2 mL/kg), and then treated with or without the Shh signaling inhibitor Gant61. The level of liver injury, proliferation of ductular reaction cells, and expression levels of mRNA and protein related to the Shh and Yap signaling components were assessed. Results showed that CCl4 treatment induced liver injury and promoted activation and proliferation of ductular reaction cells. In addition, CCl4 induced the expression of Shh ligands in hepatocytes, accompanied by activation of Shh and Yap1 signaling in the liver. Furthermore, administration of Gant61 ameliorated liver regeneration, inhibited hepatic ductular reactions, and decreased Shh and Yap1 signaling activity. Thus, Shh‐Yap1 signaling appears to play an integral role in the proliferation of ductular reaction cells in CCl4‐induced liver injury. This study should improve our understanding of the mechanism of CCl4‐induced liver injury and ductular reactions and provide support for future investigations on liver disease therapy.
PM2.5‐induced pulmonary inflammation via activating of the NLRP3/caspase‐1 signaling pathway
Authors: Jia Hui , Liu Yang , Guo Dan , He Wei , Zhao Long , Xia Shuyue 
Published: September 2020

AbstractParticulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5)‐induced pulmonary inflammation has become a public concern in recent years. In which, the activation of the NLRP3/caspase‐1 pathway was closely related to the inflammatory response of various diseases. However, the promotion effect of the NLRP3/caspase‐1 pathway on PM2.5‐induced pulmonary inflammation remains largely unclear. Here, our data showed that PM2.5 exposure caused lung injury in the mice by which inflammatory cell infiltration occurred in lung and alveolar structure disorder. Meanwhile, the exposure of human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) to PM2.5 resulted in suppressed cell viability, as well as elevated cell apoptosis. Moreover, a higher level of inflammatory cytokine and activation of the NLRP3/caspase‐1 pathway in PM2.5‐induced inflammation mice models and 16HBE cells. Mechanistically, pretreatment with MCC950, a NLRP3/caspase‐1 pathway inhibitor, prevented PM2.5‐induced lung injury, inflammatory response, and the number of inflammatory cells in BALFs, as well as promoted cell viability and decreased inflammatory cytokine secretion. Collectively, our findings indicated that the NLRP3/caspase‐1 pathway serves a vital role in the pathological changes of pulmonary inflammation caused by PM2.5 exposure. MCC950 was expected to be the therapeutic target of PM2.5 inhalation mediated inflammatory diseases.
Torsional Newton Cartan gravity from non-relativistic strings
Authors: Gallegos A.D. , Gürsoy U. , Zinnato N. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We study propagation of closed bosonic strings in torsional Newton-Cartan geometry based on a recently proposed Polyakov type action derived by dimensional reduction of the ordinary bosonic string along a null direction. We generalize the Polyakov action proposal to include matter, i.e. the 2-form and the 1-form that originates from the Kalb- Ramond field and the dilaton. We determine the conditions for Weyl invariance which we express as the beta-function equations on the worldsheet, in analogy with the usual case of strings propagating on a pseudo-Riemannian manifold. The critical dimension of the TNC space-time turns out to be 25. We find that Newton’s law of gravitation follows from the requirement of quantum Weyl invariance in the absence of torsion. Presence of the 1-form requires torsion to be non vanishing. Torsion has interesting consequences, in particular it yields a mass term and an advection term in the generalized Newton’s law. U(1) mass invariance of the theory is an important ingredient in deriving the beta functions.
Extended super BMS algebra of celestial CFT
Authors: Fotopoulos Angelos , Stieberger Stephan , Taylor Tomasz R. , Zhu Bin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We study two-dimensional celestial conformal field theory describing four- dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
=1 supergravity/Yang-Mills systems and show that the underlying symmetry is a supersymmetric generalization of BMS symmetry. We construct fermionic conformal primary wave functions and show how they are related via supersymmetry to their bosonic partners. We use soft and collinear theorems of supersymmetric Einstein-Yang- Mills theory to derive the OPEs of the operators associated to massless particles. The bosonic and fermionic soft theorems are shown to form a sequence under supersymmetric Ward identities. In analogy with the energy momentum tensor, the supercurrents are shadow transforms of soft gravitino operators and generate an infinite-dimensional super- symmetry algebra. The algebra of $$ {\mathfrak{sbms}}_4 $$

sbms
4

generators agrees with the expectations based on earlier work on the asymptotic symmetry group of supergravity. We also show that the supertranslation operator can be written as a product of holomorphic and anti-holomorphic supercurrents.
Thermal sensitivity of cell metabolism of different Antarctic fish species mirrors organism temperature tolerance
Authors: Lannig Gisela , Tillmann Anette , Howald Sarah , Stapp Laura S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDespite cold adaptation, Antarctic fish show lower growth than expected from the van’t Hoff’s Q10rule. Protein synthesis is one of the main energy-consuming processes, which is downregulated under energy deficiency. Considering the effect of temperature on growth performance, we tested if temperature-dependent cellular energy allocation to protein synthesis correlates with temperature-dependent whole-animal growth and thus thermal tolerance. Cell respiration and energy expenditure for protein synthesis were determined in hepatocytes of the circumpolar-distributed Antarctic eelpoutPachycara brachycephalumafter warm acclimation (0 °C vs 5 °C) and, of two notothenioids the sub-AntarcticLepidonotothen squamifronsand the high-Antarctic icefishChionodraco hamatus. We used intermittent-flow respirometry to analyse cellular response to acute warming from 5 to 10 °C (P. brachycephalum) and from 1 to 5 °C (L. squamifrons, C. hamatus). Warming-induced rise in respiration was similar between 0- and 5 °C-acclimatedP. brachycephalumand betweenL. squamifronsandC. hamatus. Irrespective of acclimation, warming decreased energy expenditure for protein synthesis inP. brachycephalum, which corresponds to reduced whole-animal growth at temperatures > 5 °C. Warming doubled energy expenditure for protein synthesis inL. squamifronsbut had no effect onC. hamatusindicating thatL. squamifronsmight benefit from warmer waters. The species-specific temperature effect on energy expenditure for protein synthesis is discussed to mirror thermal sensitivity of whole-animal growth performance, thereby paralleling the degree of cold adaptation. Clearly more data are necessary including measurements at narrower temperature steps particularly forC. hamatusand an increased species’ number per ecotype to reinforce presented link between cellular and whole-animal thermal sensitivity.
Incumbent Stakeholder Management Performance and New Entry
Authors: Laplume André , Walker Kent , Zhang Zhou , Yu Xin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInstrumental stakeholder theory seeks to explain how managing stakeholders effectively can yield competitive advantage for incumbent firms. We extend instrumental stakeholder theory to explain and predict future competition operationalized as new entrepreneurial entries. Our study is among the first to empirically examine the relationships between aggregate stakeholder management performance and the entrepreneurial entries of individuals. Using a combined U.S. dataset from 2003 to 2013 from the Kinder, Lydenberg and Domini (KLD) Index, Compustat, and Kauffman’s Entrepreneurship Survey, we find support for three hypotheses. First, higher levels of stakeholder management performance are related to lower rates of entrepreneurial entry. Second, a curvilinear relationship exists between stakeholder management performance and entrepreneurial entry, where both low and very high stakeholder management performance increase entrepreneurial entry. Third, the greater the variance in stakeholder management performance across stakeholders, the more entrepreneurial entry. Our findings suggest that managing for stakeholders can help to avoid future competition. We add an entrepreneurship lens to the business ethics of stakeholder theory showing how incumbent stakeholder management performance shapes opportunities for entrepreneurs, a largely neglected stakeholder group.
The Impact of Foreign Technology and Embodied R&D on Productivity in Internationally Oriented and High-Technology Industries in Egypt, 2006–2009
Authors: Elkomy Shimaa , Ingham Hilary , Read Robert 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the domestic productivity and spillover effects of foreign technology and embodied R&D on Egyptian manufacturing industries, 2006 to 2009. It also analyses the heterogeneous sectoral effects of technology transfer by focusing specifically on the productivity effects on highly internationalized and technology-intensive industries. These are expected to have greater absorptive capacity with respect to foreign technology and therefore larger productivity effects because of their greater exposure to foreign competition and greater technological capacity respectively. This study is the first to analyse the efficiency effects of foreign technology by classifying industries in this manner. It finds that foreign technology and embodied R&D have positive and significant industry-specific effects on domestic productivity and TFP in technology-intensive industries but that these are weaker in internationally oriented industries. The study suggests that only technological-intensive industries in Egypt have sufficient absorptive capacity to assimilate foreign technology effectively. The paper’s findings highlight the key role of foreign technology in domestic productivity growth, subject to the absorptive capacity of the domestic labour force, and the need for improved policies to promote the domestic benefits of technology transfer through the accumulation of local technological competences.
A suite of 19F based relaxation dispersion experiments to assess biomolecular motions
Authors: Overbeck Jan H. , Kremer Werner , Sprangers Remco 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Proteins and nucleic acids are highly dynamic bio-molecules that can populate a variety of conformational states. NMR relaxation dispersion (RD) methods are uniquely suited to quantify the associated kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. Here, we present a consistent suite of 19F-based CPMG, on-resonance R1ρ and off-resonance R1ρ RD experiments. We validate these experiments by studying the unfolding transition of a 7.5 kDa cold shock protein. Furthermore we show that the 19F RD experiments are applicable to very large molecular machines by quantifying dynamics in the 360 kDa half-proteasome. Our approach significantly extends the timescale of chemical exchange that can be studied with 19F RD, adds robustness to the extraction of exchange parameters and can determine the absolute chemical shifts of excited states. Importantly, due to the simplicity of 19F NMR spectra, it is possible to record complete datasets within hours on samples that are of very low costs. This makes the presented experiments ideally suited to complement static structural information from cryo-EM and X-ray crystallography with insights into functionally relevant motions.

Graphic abstract
The Link between Parental Support and Adolescent Negative Mood in Daily Life: between-Person Heterogeneity in within-Person Processes
Authors: Janssen Loes H. C. , Elzinga Bernet M. , Verkuil Bart , Hillegers Manon H. J. , Keijsers Loes 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLack of parental support is related to more adolescent negative mood. However, little is known about how fluctuations of parental support relate to fluctuations of negative mood within adolescents in daily life. The current study aimed to elucidate these processes at a day to day micro-level and examined to which extent adolescents would differ in the association between perceived parental support and adolescent negative mood. The sample consisted of 242 Dutch adolescents (Mage = 13.82, 63.2% female) who completed ecological momentary assessments of 3 weeks 3 months apart. Results from the multilevel regression analyses showed that, on average, adolescents experienced higher levels of negative mood on days when they perceived their parents to be less supportive. Substantial individual differences were found in this association, however, these were partially explained by the level of depressive symptoms and perceived parental intrusiveness. These findings suggest that advice on parental support should be tailored to the unique characteristics of the adolescent.
An image inpainting method for object removal based on difference degree constraint
Authors: Zhang Lei , Chang Minhui 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the inpainting method for object removal, SSD (Sum of Squared Differences) is commonly used to measure the degree of similarity between the exemplar patch and the target patch, which has a very important impact on the restoration results. Although the matching rule is relatively simple, it is likely to lead to the occurrence of mismatch error. Even worse, the error may be accumulated along with the process continues. Finally some unexpected objects may be introduced into the target region, making the result unable to meet the requirements of visual consistency. In view of these problems, we propose an inpainting method for object removal based on difference degree constraint. Firstly, we define the MSD (Mean of Squared Differences) and use it to measure the degree of differences between corresponding pixels at known positions in the target patch and the exemplar patch. Secondly, we define the SMD (Square of Mean Differences) and use it to measure the degree of differences between the pixels at known positions in the target patch and the pixels at unknown positions in the exemplar patch. Thirdly, based on MSD and SMD, we define a new matching rule and use it to find the most similar exemplar patch in the source region. Finally, we use the exemplar patch to restore the target patch. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively prevent the occurrence of mismatch error and improve the restoration effect.
Root growth and presence of Rhizophagus irregularis distinctly alter substrate hydraulic properties in a model system with Medicago truncatula
Authors: Pauwels Richard , Jansa Jan , Püschel David , Müller Anja , Graefe Jan , Kolb Steffen , Bitterlich Michael 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimWe investigated how substrate hydraulic properties respond to the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in root-containing and root-free substrate zones in aMedicago truncatula-Rhizophagus irregularismodel system.MethodsBefore planting, two compartments constructed from standard soil sampling cores (250 cm3) were implanted into non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal pots containing a sand-zeolite-soil mix. One compartment allowed root penetration (1 mm mesh cover) and the other only hyphal ingrowth (42 μm mesh cover). After eight weeks of growth under maintenance of moist conditions, the cores were subjected to water retention measurements. Additionally, we measured water retention of bare substrates before and after drying events to check for successful maintenance of moist conditions in pots.ResultsDrying of bare substrates decreased water retention, but planting at least sustained it. The parameters of water retention models responded linearly to root morphological traits across mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal substrates. Hyphae-only colonization comparatively affected the course of water retention in ways that suggest increased pore space heterogeneity while maintaining water storage capacity of substrates.ConclusionsHence, water contents corresponded to different substrate matric potentials in non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal pots. We conclude that changes to water retention in AMF colonized substrates can contribute to a widely observed phenomenon, i.e. that mycorrhizal plants differ in their moisture stress response from non-mycorrhizal plants.
Friend or Foe?: Bernard Williams and Political Constitutionalism
Authors: Mac Amhlaigh Cormac S 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article looks at Bernard Williams’s relevance to particular debates in constitutional theory about the legitimacy of two competing models of institutional design: political constitutionalism which endorses giving the final say on the meaning of constitutional rights to legislatures; and legal constitutionalism which endorses giving the final say on the meaning of rights to courts. Recent defences of political constitutionalism have made claims about the realism of their accounts when compared with legal constitutionalism and have co-opted Bernard Williams’s realism to support their case. This article examines these claims, concluding that these accounts of political constitutionalism rely on a distinctly non-Williamsian form of political moralism in that they assume a legitimacy for political constitutionalism which is prior to politics and political disagreement. It offers an alternative defence of political constitutionalism, a partial defence, which, it argues, is closer to the realism of Bernard Williams than these accounts.
A systematic revision of the genus Neopterygosoma Fajfer, 2019 (Acariformes: Pterygosomatidae) with the description of a new species
Authors: Fajfer Monika 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA systematic revision of the scale mites of the genusNeopterygosomaFajfer, 2019 (Acariformes: Pterygosomatidae) formerly placed in the genusPterygosomaPeters, 1849, is presented. Two new natural species groups are established: thechilensisgroup for species found on Chilean liolaemid lizards (Sauria: Liolaemidae) and thepatagonicagroup forN.patagonica(Dittmar de la Cruz, Morando & Avila, 2004) found on severalLiolaemusspp. from Argentina. A neotype ofN.patagonicais designated. A leg chaetotaxy model for tarsi-coxae I–IV is proposed for the genus. A key to all species ofNeopterygosomais provided and a full list ofNeopterygosomaspp. with their updated host associations and distribution data is compiled. Additionally, a new species,N. schroederin. sp. found onLiolaemus schroederiMüller & Hellmich, is described, including for the first time, description and illustrations of the immature stages of a species ofNeopterygosoma.