bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The psychology of peacemaking: Northern Ireland, John, Lord Alderdice, and the end of the Troubles
Authors: Strozier Charles B. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe article discusses the key aspects of the psychology of peacemaking after the Troubles in Northern Ireland. These dimensions of the process include discussion of the frame, empathic listening, transforming humiliation, and good leadership. The article places particular emphasis on the role of John, Lord Alderdice, who as leader of the newly created Assembly by the Good Friday Agreement helped implement the complicated political arrangements established by the agreement. The article concludes that if the contentious parties in Northern Ireland could make peace, anyone can with the will and some luck.
High‐resolution morphology and surface photometry of KIG 685 and KIG 895 with ARGOS+LUCI using the Large Binocular Telescope
Authors: Rampazzo Roberto , Uslenghi Michela , Georgiev Iskren Y. , Cattapan Arianna , Verdes‐Montenegro Lourdes , Bonaglia Marco , Borelli Jose Luis , Busoni Lorenzo , Gäessler Wolfgang , Magrin Demetrio , Marino Antonina , Mazzei Paola , Mazzoni Tommaso , Peter Diethard , Rabien Sebastian , Ragazzoni Roberto , Rosensteiner Mathias 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe aim to refine the sample of isolated early‐type galaxies in the Analysis of the interstellar Medium of Isolated Galaxies (AMIGA) catalog via high‐resolution imaging. Here, we report the result from a pilot study investigating two candidates, KIG 685 and KIG 895, in K‐band with the laser guide star and wavefront sensing facility ARGOS using the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). Observations, obtained during the commissioning time, achieved a point spread function (PSF) of ≈0.25″. We present the data reduction and the PSF analysis from the best closed‐loop exposures to investigate the galaxies' morphological structure, including their nuclear region. We used PROFILER for the decomposition of the azimuthal 1D light distribution and GALFIT for the 2D analysis, accounting for ARGOS's PSF. KIG 685 was found to be a S0 galaxy and has been modeled with two Sérsic components representing a pseudobulge (n1D = 2.87 ± 0.21, n2D = 2.29 ± 0.10) and a disk (n1D = 0.95 ± 0.16, n2D = 0.78 ± 0.10). Nearly symmetric ring‐/shell‐like structures emerge after subtracting the GALFIT model from the image. KIG 895 shows a clear irregular arm‐like structure, in which the northern outer arm is reminiscent of a tail. The galaxy body is a disk, best fitted by a single Sérsic profile (n1D = 1.22 ± 0.1; n2D = 1.32 ± 0.12), that is, KIG 895 is a bulge‐less, very late‐type spiral. ARGOS high‐resolution images clearly showed interaction signatures in KIG 895. We suggest that the ring‐/shell‐like residuals in KIG 685, a bona fide early‐type galaxy, point toward a past accretion event.
Evolving an Accurate Decision Tree‐Based Model for Predicting Carbon Dioxide Solubility in Polymers
Authors: Soleimani Reza , Saeedi Dehaghani Amir Hossein , Rezai-Yazdi Ali , Hosseini Seyed Abolhassan , Hosseini Seyedeh Pegah , Bahadori Alireza 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSolubility is one of the most indispensable physicochemical properties determining the compatibility of components of a blending system. Research has been focused on the solubility of carbon dioxide in polymers as a significant application of green chemistry. To replace costly and time‐consuming experiments, a novel solubility prediction model based on a decision tree, called the stochastic gradient boosting algorithm, was proposed to predict CO2 solubility in 13 different polymers, based on 515 published experimental data lines. The results indicate that the proposed ensemble model is an effective method for predicting the CO2 solubility in various polymers, with highly satisfactory performance and high efficiency. It produces more accurate outputs than other methods such as machine learning schemes and an equation of state approach.
Culturing Rat Whole Ovary for UV Filter Benzophenone‐3 Treatment
Authors: Santamaría Clarisa Guillermina , Abud Julián Elías , Luque Enrique Hugo , Kass Laura , Rodríguez Horacio Adolfo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe describe a detailed protocol to establish a newborn rat whole ovary culture, which enables the study of direct effects (independent of hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axis) of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), such as benzophenone‐3 (BP‐3). This method is useful to understand changes in follicle formation, primordial to primary transition, and expression of regulatory molecules linked to these processes and also provides an alternative to animal models. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Basic Protocol 1: Rat ovarian surgeryBasic Protocol 2: Whole organ/ovarian cultureBasic Protocol 3: RNA isolation and quantitative real‐time PCRBasic Protocol 4: Histological processing and staining
Comment on “Potential profile near the virtual cathode in presence of charged dust”
Authors: Choudhary Mangilal 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe characteristics of the virtual cathode and its potential profile in the presence of negatively charged dust particles have been reported by Rathod et al. They have studied the role of charged dust particles in the formation of virtual cathode near the emitting surface. Two conditions of the dust charge number, Zd = 1 and Zd = 1,000 are used to study the role of dust density (nd) for the formation of virtual cathode. This work is original and will be more interesting in case of using the correct model equations and realistic dusty plasma conditions.
Weak Intramolecular Interactions to Stabilize Supramolecular Fullerene‐Porphyrin Conjugates and to Control the Conformation of Multiporphyrinic Arrays
Authors: Nierengarten Jean‐François 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is Jean‐François Nierengarten from the University of Strasbourg and CNRS, France. The cover image shows an artistic view of a research team discussing weak intramolecular interactions involving metalloporphyrins. Minutes of this group meeting are presented in a minireview highlighting how such interactions have been used to stabilize photoactive supramolecular devices and to control the conformation of large multiporphyrinic arrays.
BEAcM‐DP: A broadcast encryption anti‐censorship mechanism based on directory proxy
Authors: Zhu Yi , Tao Yu , Huang Ruilan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAs a typical representative of the next generation Internet, named data networking (NDN) solves many problems in IP network by adopting content‐oriented architecture. However, NDN also faces with severe challenges in the aspect of name and content privacy. One important privacy threat is the name censorship. By maintaining a blacklist at the hijacked router, an attacker can filter the received interest packets with sensitive content names. To solve this problem, we propose a broadcast encryption anticensorship mechanism, which is based on directory proxy. In our design, a directory proxy is deployed in the network, which provides a periodic updated directory file to all authorized users. In the directory file, a one‐to‐one mapping list of fake names with the censored names is given. By obtaining the directory file, the authorized user can request the censored content with its fake name. In addition, the directory proxy plays the role of translating the received fake name and then retrieving the target with real name. To guarantee the reusability of retrieved contents, the directory proxy returns them to the authorized users through broadcast encryption. The users within one broadcast group can share the encrypted censored contents at nearby routers. Simulation results show that, compared with ANDaNA, this mechanism can effectively avoid censorship in the network, while ensuring the utilization of in‐network caching and reducing the request delay.
Cryoprotective effect of silver carp muscle hydrolysate on baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its underlying mechanism
Authors: Wang Faxiang , Xiong Sijia , Li Xianghong , Yu Jian , Huang Yiqun , Liu Yongle 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCryoprotective effect of silver carp muscle hydrolysate (SCMH) on baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was examined by analyzing the growth and survival of the yeast during freeze–thaw cycles, and the physicochemical properties [ultrastructure, intracellular proteins and fatty acids, external ice formation (EIF) and internal ice formation (IIF), freezable water content] of yeast cells with or without SCMH through transmission electron microscopy, SDS‐PAGE, GC‐MS, and differential scanning calorimetry. The 4% of SCMH treatment exhibited good yeast cryoprotective activity and increased the yeast survival rate from 0.71% to 90.95% after 1 freeze–thaw cycle as compared to the control. The results demonstrated that the addition of SCMH could attenuate the freeze damage of yeast cells, prevent the degradation or loss of soluble proteins, and increase the composition and absolute content of fatty acids. Besides, the addition of 4% SCMH caused a drop in the EIF peak temperature (from −17.95℃ to −25.14℃) and a decrease in the IIF and freezable water content of yeast cells.
The effect of college education on health and mortality: Evidence from Canada
Authors: Lacroix Guy , Laliberté‐Auger Francois , Michaud Pierre‐Carl , Parent Daniel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe investigate the returns to college attendance in Canada in terms of health and mortality reduction. To do so, we first use a dynamic health microsimulation model to document how interventions that incentivize college attendance among high school graduates may impact their health trajectory, health care consumption, and life expectancy. We find large returns both in terms of evity (4.1 years additional years at age 51), reduction in the prevalence of various health conditions (10–15 percentage points reduction in diabetes and 5 percentage points for stroke), and health care consumption (27.3% reduction in lifetime hospital stays, 19.7 for specialists). We find that education impacts mortality mostly by delaying the incidence of health conditions as well as providing a survival advantage conditional on having diseases. Second, we provide quasi‐experimental evidence on the impact of college attendance on long‐term health outcomes by exploiting the Canadian Veteran's Rehabilitation Act, a program targeted towards returning WW‐II veterans and which incentivized college attendance. The impact on mortality is found to be larger than those estimated from the health microsimulation model (hazard ratio of 0.216 compared with 0.6 in the simulation model), which suggests substantial returns to college education in terms of healthy life extension which we estimate to be approximately one million canadian dollars.
Negotiating Power: How youth organizers recast the debate about school reform
Authors: Rosen Sonia M. , Conner Jerusha 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn the context of a neoliberal policy landscape, urban high school students who are constructed by policymakers as either dependents or deviants have little to no agency in the larger policy debates that shape what kinds of educational opportunities and choices are available to them. In this article, we explore how the Philadelphia Student Union (PSU), a youth organizing group, engaged in the debate around educational change and attempted to shift public opinion and understanding. Specifically, we examine how PSU derived and deployed power in a contest with school policymakers about educational reform. Understanding this exercise of power as a means of advancing youth voice and developing equitable systems of public accountability for all stakeholders can help us better appreciate the role youth can play in negotiating the terms of the debate over how best to improve the schools serving our nation's most vulnerable students.
Matchings in k‐partite k‐uniform hypergraphs
Authors: Han Jie , Zang Chuanyun , Zhao Yi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFor and , let be a ‐partite ‐graph with parts each of size , where is sufficiently large. Assume that for each , every ‐set in lies in at least edges, and . We show that if , then contains a matching of size . In particular, contains a matching of size if each crossing ‐set lies in at least edges, or each crossing ‐set lies in at least edges and . This special case answers a question of Rödl and Ruciński and was independently obtained by Lu, Wang, and Yu. The proof of Lu, Wang, and Yu closely follows the approach of Han by using the absorbing method and considering an extremal case. In contrast, our result is more general and its proof is thus more involved: it uses a more complex absorbing method and deals with two extremal cases.
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity against human tumor cells of heterocyclic systems derived from 2‐thioxo‐1,2‐dihydro‐4H‐3,1‐benzothazin‐4‐one
Authors: Khlosy Tamer A. , Salem Marwa S. , Ali Amira T. , Madkour Hassan M.F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe title compound was prepared and converted to 2‐hydrazinyl‐1,2‐dihydro‐4H‐benzo[d][1,3]thiazin‐4‐one which was utilized to synthesize fused heterocyclic systems, namely benzotriazolothiazinone derivatives, as well as, nonfused heterocyclic systems such as pyrazolyl‐benzothiazinones, benzothiazinylpyridazine and imidazolylbenzothiazinone derivatives via reaction with formamide, acetic acid, ethyl cyanoacetate, maleic anhydride and benzaldehyde followed by treatment with glycine, respectively. All compounds have been structurally characterized by means of IR, MS, and 1H‐NMR spectra. The synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro for their antiproliferative activity against HePG‐2 and MCF‐7 cell lines. 2H‐Benzo[d][1,3]thiazine‐2,4(1H)‐dithione and 2‐thioxo‐1,2‐dihydro‐4H‐benzo[d][1,3]thiazin‐4‐one were the most potent against the two cancer cells compared to that of the reference compound doxorubicin. Most of the synthesized compounds also exhibited good cytotoxic activity.
A high prevalence of arterial hypertension in patients with mitochondrial diseases
Authors: Chong‐Nguyen Caroline , Stalens Caroline , Goursot Yves , Bougouin Wulfran , Stojkovic Tanya , Béhin Anthony , Mochel Fanny , Berber Nawal , Eymard Bruno , Duboc Denis , Laforêt Pascal , Wahbi Karim 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe prevalence of arterial hypertension in mitochondrial diseases remains unknown. Between January 2000 and May 2014, we retrospectively included patients with genetically proven mitochondrial diseases. We recorded clinical, genetic and cardiac exploration data, including the measure of arterial pressure. Among the 260 patients included in the study (mean age = 44 ± 15 years, women = 158), 108 (41.5%) presented with arterial hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension by sex and age was higher than that observed in the general population for all groups. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in patients with MELAS (mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke‐like episodes) mutations (66%) and MERRF (myoclonus, epilepsy, ataxia with ragged ref fibres) mutations (61%). In patients with MELAS mutation, the presence of hypertension was significantly associated with age and mutation rate in the blood (odds ratio = 1.12; P = .02) in multivariate analysis. The prevalence of hypertension was more important in patients having a mitochondrial disease. The increased risk was more important in patient with MELAS or MERRF and depended on the rate of heteroplasmy.
Ultrastructural defects in stereocilia and tectorial membrane in aging mouse and human cochleae
Authors: Bullen Anwen , Forge Andrew , Wright Anthony , Richardson Guy P. , Goodyear Richard J. , Taylor Ruth 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe aging cochlea is subjected to a number of pathological changes to play a role in the onset of age‐related hearing loss (ARHL). Although ARHL has often been thought of as the result of the loss of hair cells, it is in fact a disorder with a complex etiology, arising from the changes to both the organ of Corti and its supporting structures. In this study, we examine two aging pathologies that have not been studied in detail despite their apparent prevalence; the fusion, elongation, and engulfment of cochlear inner hair cell stereocilia, and the changes that occur to the tectorial membrane (TM), a structure overlying the organ of Corti that modulates its physical properties in response to sound. Our work demonstrates that similar pathological changes occur in these two structures in the aging cochleae of both mice and humans, examines the ultrastructural changes that underlie stereocilial fusion, and identifies the lost TM components that lead to changes in membrane structure. We place these changes into the context of the wider pathology of the aging cochlea, and identify how they may be important in particular for understanding the more subtle hearing pathologies that precede auditory threshold loss in ARHL.
The importance of grain size and shape in controlling the dispersion of the Vedde cryptotephra
Authors: Saxby Jennifer , Rust Alison , Cashman Katharine , Beckett Frances 
Published: November 2019

AbstractVolcanic ash is dispersed in the atmosphere according to meteorology and particle properties, including size and shape. However, the multiple definitions of size and shape for non‐spherical particles affect our ability to use physical particle properties to understand tephra transport. Moreover, although particles are often excluded from operational ash dispersion model setups, ash in tephra deposits 1000 km from source can exceed . Here we measure the shape and size of samples of Vedde ash from Iceland, an exceptionally widespread tephra layer in Europe, collected in Iceland and Norway. Using X‐ray computed tomography and optical microscopy, we show that distal ash is more anisotropic than proximate ash, suggesting that shape exerts an important control on tephra dispersion. Shape also impacts particle size measurements. Particle long axis, a parameter often reported by tephrochronologists, is on average greater than geometric size, used by dispersion modellers. By using geometric size and quantifying shape, we can explain the transport of Vedde ash particles more than 1200 km from source. We define a set of best practices for measuring the size and shape of cryptotephra shards and discuss the benefits and limitations of using physical particle properties to understand cryptotephra transport.
The value of cellular components of blood in the setting of trimodal therapy for esophageal cancer
Authors: Tustumi Francisco , Takeda Flávio Roberto , Viyuela Mateus Silva , da Cruz Junior Jurandir Batista , Brandão Antonio Adolfo Guerra Soares , Sallum Rubens Antonio Aissar , Ribeiro Junior Ulysses , Cecconello Ivan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundInflammation status plays an important role in the natural history of malignancy. Consequently, hematological markers of systemic inflammation may predict prognosis in neoplasms. This study evaluated the value of cellular blood components changes during neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by esophagectomy for cancer in predicting prognosis.MethodsA cohort of 149 patients was analyzed. Cellular components of blood were assessed before neoadjuvant therapy (A); before surgery (B); and 3 to 5 months after surgery (C); for the following outcomes: pathological response, overall survival (OS), and disease‐free survival (DFS). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were applied to evaluate the independent prognostic significance of blood count variables.ResultsLow hematocrit (Ht) (C) (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.79‐0.92) and high neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (C) (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.07‐1.10) were related to poor OS. Low Hb (C) (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.58‐0.88), red cell distribution width (RDW) (C‐A) (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.02‐1.31), and NLR (C‐A) (1.06; 95% CI, 1.03‐1.09) were related to poor DFS. RDW (B‐A) (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.08‐1.22), RDW (C) (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.2), NLR (C) (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.08‐1.17) were related to systemic recurrence.ConclusionVariables of routine blood count are easily assessable and their changes throughout trimodal therapy for esophageal carcinoma provide important information for cancer patient's prognosis.
Safety and cost of drug‐induced sleep endoscopy outside the operating room
Authors: Bergeron Mathieu , Lee David R. , DeMarcantonio Michael A. , Kandil Ali , Mahmoud Mohamed A. , Fleck Robert J. , Ishman Stacey L. 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionDrug‐induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is used to assess site of obstruction for patients in a pharmacologically induced sleep‐like state. It is traditionally performed in the operating room (OR), however, no data exists regarding the feasibility of this intervention outside the OR in children. The objective is to compare the safety of DISE performed in the MRI induction room to those performed in the OR.MethodsProspective case‐series of patients undergoing DISE in the MRI induction room (study group) to those assessed in the OR (controls) in a single‐institution pediatric tertiary care center. Consecutive patients undergoing DISE examination for persistent obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) after adenotonsillectomy from September 2016 to September 2017 were included.ResultsOverall, 118 patients (38 study patients, 80 controls) with a mean age of 10.6 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.3–11.9) underwent DISE; 39.8% (47/118) were female. The most frequent comorbidity was cardiac disease (22.0%, 26/118). The mean obstructive apnea‐hypopnea index was 12.2 events/hour (95% CI, 8.8–15.6) for controls and 13.5 events/hour (95% CI, 8.7–18.3) for study patients (P = .76). No major complication or unplanned admissions occurred in either group. Induction time was similar (12 vs. 13 minutes, P = .7) as was total procedure time (12 vs. 14 minutes, P = .3) for procedures performed in both settings.ConclusionThere were no significant complications for DISE performed in the OR or the MRI induction room and procedure times were similar. Further assessment of patient outcomes and resource utilization is needed.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130: 2076–2080, 2020
The efficacy of loading programmes for improving patient‐reported outcomes in chronic midportion Achilles tendinopathy: A systematic review
Authors: Head John , Mallows Adrian , Debenham James , Travers Mervyn J. , Allen Lorraine 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveAchilles tendinopathy is a common type of overuse condition, with isolated eccentric loading (ECL) programmes being the principal conservative treatment of choice. However, alternative protocols, involving different contraction types, have more recently been investigated. The purpose of the present review was to examine the evidence from studies comparing two or more different types of loading programmes in relation to patient‐reported outcomes for people with Achilles tendinopathy.MethodsA systematic review was undertaken, and the risk of bias of included papers were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. An electronic search of CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase and SPORTDiscus was undertaken from their inception to May 2018. The eligibility criteria for selecting studies were randomized controlled or clinical controlled trials investigating two or more different loading programmes for chronic (>3 months) Achilles tendinopathy.ResultsSeven articles were included in the review. Low‐quality evidence exists that a do‐as‐tolerated modification of the Alfredson programme is more effective than the standardized programme at improving function in the short term. Very‐low‐quality evidence suggests that ECL is superior at reducing pain levels than concentric in isolation, but no more effective at improving pain or disability than concentric–eccentric programmes.ConclusionsThere is conflicting evidence regarding the superiority of ECL over other contraction types, challenging the current approach to managing Achilles tendinopathy. There is also evidence that do‐as‐tolerated repetition volumes are more effective at improving function in the short term compared with those recommended by the standardized Alfredson protocol.