bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Social Health Process of Adolescents: A Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Taghipour Ali , Solhi Mahnaz , Mahdizadeh Mehrsadat , Asgharnejad-Farid Ali-Asghar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The social health of adolescents is the main pivot of community health in the whole world. Understanding how the social health of adolescents is affected by socio-cultural context and individual factors is still equivocal, and the available data are limited. This study aimed to explore the process of forming social health in Iranian adolescents.Methods: This grounded theory study has been conducted through purposive sampling and theoretical sampling on 47 adolescents (23 boys, 24 girls) and 19 key informants living in Mashhad, Iran. Data was collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and group discussions. Data analysis was conducted using continuous comparison, open, axial, and selective coding based on the Corbin and Strauss’s (2008) approach.Results: In the process of forming social health in adolescents, five categories were extracted: 1) multi-layered social structure: from favorable to unfavorable, 2) facing with multifaceted role models, 3) contemplating and self-discovery, 4) trying to manage interactions, and 5) social presence: from being together to separating. The core category is “the paving the way for the realization of social identity” that connected to all extracted categories in this study. Conclusions: social context needs to provide appropriate conditions to develop and promote social health among adolescents through supportive, happy, and safe environments. Also, adolescents need to apply effective individual, interpersonal, and collective strategies. The results also revealed that social identity plays a main role in forming the social health. These factors need to be considered by policymakers for designing and interventional programs.
Flexible Thermoplastic Starch Films Functionalized With Copper Particles for Packaging of Food Products
Authors: López Olivia , Villanueva María E. , Copello Guillermo J. , Villar Marcelo A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Biodegradable films based on thermoplastic corn starch (TPS) and copper particles with antimicrobial capacity were developed. Copper nanoparticles (Cu) and silica coated copper microparticles (Si-Cu) in the range of 0.25 to 5 % were used. Composite films were obtained by melt-mixing and subsequent thermo-compression. Particles distribution within TPS matrix and the presence of some pores and cracks, induced by Si-Cu particles, was evaluated by SEM. The presence of both fillers gave composite films a brown pigmentation and decreased their transparency; these effects were more pronounced at higher particles concentrations. Regarding mechanical properties, copper particles at 1 and 5 % acted as reinforcing agents increasing the maximum tensile strength but their presence lead to a decrease in elongation at break, affecting films ductility. Composites inhibited the growth of Gram+ and Gram- bacteria, demonstrating their antimicrobial capacity. Copper effectively migrated to a simulant of aqueous foods and naked particles concentration in the simulant medium resulted higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration for bacteria. The characteristics and properties of developed composite films make them an interesting material for food primary packaging, mainly for meat fresh products.
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association study identifies FBN2 as a novel locus associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Thai population
Authors: Tangtanatakul Pattarin , Thumarat Chisanu , Satproedprai Nusara , Kunhapan Punna , Chaiyasung Tassamonwan , Klinchanhom Siriwan , Wang Yong-Fei , Wei Wei , Wongshinsri Jeerapat , Chiewchengchol Direkrit , Rodsaward Pongsawat , Ngamjanyaporn Pintip , Suangtamai Thanitta , Mahasirimongkol Surakameth , Pisitkun Prapaporn , Hirankarn Nattiya 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Differences in the expression of variants across ethnic groups in the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients have been well documented. However, the genetic architecture in the Thai population has not been thoroughly examined. In this study, we carried out genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the Thai population. Methods: Two GWAS cohorts were independently collected and genotyped: discovery dataset (487 SLE cases and 1,606 healthy controls) and replication dataset (405 SLE cases and 1,590 unrelated-disease controls). Data were imputed to the density of the 1,000 Genomes Project Phase 3. Association studies were performed based on different genetic models, and pathway enrichment analysis was further examined. In addition, the performance of disease risk estimation for individuals in Thai GWAS was assessed based on the polygenic risk score (PRS) model trained by other Asian populations. Results: Previous findings on SLE susceptible alleles were well replicated in the two GWAS. The SNPs on HLA-class II (rs9270970, A>G, OR=1.82, p-value = 3.61E-26), STAT4 (rs7582694, C>G, OR=1.57, p-value = 8.21E-16), GTF2I (rs73366469, A>G, OR=1.73, p-value = 2.42E-11) and FAM167A-BLK allele (rs13277113, A>G, OR=0.68, p-value = 1.58E-09) were significantly associated with SLE in Thai population. Meta-analysis of the two GWAS identified a novel locus at the FBN2 that was specifically associated with SLE in the Thai population (rs74989671, A>G, OR=1.54, p-value = 1.61E-08). Functional analysis showed that rs74989671 resided in a peak of H3K36me3 derived from CD14+ monocytes and H3K4me1 from T-lymphocytes. In addition, we showed that the PRS model trained from the Chinese population could be applied in individuals of Thai ancestry, with the area under the receiver-operator curve (AUC) achieving 0.76 for this predictor. Conclusions: We demonstrated the genetic architecture of SLE in the Thai population and identified a novel locus associated with SLE. Also, our study suggested a potential use of the PRS model from the Chinese population to estimate the disease risk for individuals of Thai ancestry.
Histone Methyltransferase WHSC1 Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Cell Apoptosis via Targeting Anti-apoptotic BCL2
Authors: Wang Yu , Tang Xin , Guo Mei , Sun Gang , Zhou Kun , Pang Wenjing , Hou Yichao , Hou Lidan , Zhu Liming , Cao Dachun , Meng Xiangjun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: WHSC1 is a histone methyltransferase that facilitates histone H3 lysine 36 dimethylation (H3K36me2), which is a permissive mark associated with active transcription. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 4th deadliest and 3rd most frequent cancer globally. However, the role of WHSC1 in CRC progression remains unknown. Methods: qRT-PCR, immunoblotting assays (WB), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed to investigate WHSC1 expression levels in CRC tissues and normal tissues. CCK-8 assays, colony formation assays, and flow cytometry were also used to assess the effect of WHSC1 depletion in CRC cell proliferation, apoptosis and oxaliplatin sensitivity in vitro. A cell line-derived xenograft model in nude mice was performed to determine the role of WHSC1 in CRC cell apoptosis in vivo. Results: WHSC1 as well as H3K36me2 were highly expressed in clinical CRC tissues compared with in normal counterparts. High WHSC1 expression was correlated with poorer prognosis in CRC patients. Knockdown of WHSC1 significantly promoted CRC cell apoptosis and inhibited tumour growth in vivo. Further mechanistic investigation revealed that WHSC1 directly binds to the promoter region of BCL2 gene and regulate its H3K36 dimethylation level, so BCL2 expression is markedly decreased after WHSC1 depletion. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that knockdown of WHSC1 promoted colon cancer cell apoptosis and suppressed CRC tumorigenesis through targeting BCL2 transcription, suggesting WHSC1 activity may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CRC.
Effects of resistance exercise on lipolysis pathway in obese pre and postmenopausal women
Authors: Park Kyu-Min , Lim Seung-Taek , Sung Kun-Young , Kang Sunghwun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background and objectives: The purpose of study was to examine the effects of regular resistance exercise for 12 weeks on lipolysis pathway in pre- and post- menopausal women with obesity. Methods: Twenty-three pre- and post- menopausal women with body fat percentages of 30% or more divided into pre- menopausal group (n=9) and post- menopausal group (n=14). All subjects participated in resistance exercise training for 12 weeks. Anthropometric and physical fitness tests were performed on all participants. Protein analyses were performed with subcutaneous fatty tissue extracted, and the samples were analyzed of relevant protein levels changes by using Western blotting. All serum samples were submitted for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurements of adipocyte factors. Results: After 12 weeks between pre- menopausal and post- menopausal groups adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) and perilipin (PLIN) protein levels were significantly lower in the post- menopausal group than in the pre- menopausal group. Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) protein levels were significantly higher in the post- menopausal group than in the pre- menopausal group. In addition, leptin concentration was significantly decreased after resistance exercise in the post- menopausal group. Adiponectin concentration was significantly increased after resistance exercise in the both groups. Conclusions: This study indicates that regular resistance exercise to change of leptin and adiponectin might be release of reduction of % fat, and driving overall greater change ATGL, HSL, MGL and PLIN levels in subcutaneous fatty tissue in the obese post- menopausal group more than obese pre- menopausal group.
“Face” and family preference of job matters: Association between Face need, lock-in job and burnout among high-tech company workers in Taiwan
Authors: Tsai Feng-jen , Chen Ruey-Yu , Chen Hsin-Jou 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Studies on health impact of lock-in job are mainly conducted in western countries with theory based on the value of individualism. We argued that the social-oriented concern should be considered in workers’ lock-in status in Chinese society.
Methods

Anonymous survey were conducted on 1102 workers of high-tech companies in Taiwan from October 2015 to January 2016 to assess their face need, lock-in status of job and burnout. Except separate into 3 groups by lock-in score, participants were categorized by the conflict of preference of job between themselves and their family. Chi-square test, ANOVA test, Person correlation test and regression were applied.
Results

Among 1102 participants, 18% had job that they did not prefer but their family prefer. Participants with higher face need and higher lock-in status had significantly higher risk of developing personal and work-related burnout. But the analysis using “lock-in Job for conflict of preference between themselves and their family” status showed more coherent result. Participants with job which “self not prefer but family do” had 2 times risk of having personal and work-related burnout (OR = 2.03 and 2.34). Participants with job which both themselves and their family not prefer had 4 times risk of having personal and work-related burnout (OR = 4.10 and 4.17).
Conclusions

Our study result indicated the importance to consider social-oriented job preference in lock-in status evaluation in Chinese culture. Workers’ lock-in status as their preference conflicting with their family’s preference showed significantly negative impact on their health.
COVID-19: A National Survey on Perceived Level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Frontline Medical Professionals in Nepal
Authors: Tamang Nira , Rai Saroj , Dhungana Siddhartha , Rai Punam , Sherchan Binod , Shah Bikash 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 is currently recognized as an emerging public health problem caused by SARS-CoV-2. Thousands of people around the world have been infected since it appeared the very first time in Wuhan. For any epidemics, FMPs are at high risk of infection, and also become the vector for the disease transmission. Inadequate knowledge has been proven to be the causative factor for disease infection & transmission. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude & practice among FMPs, including doctors, nurses, and other paramedics working in the frontline in the different Hospitals in Nepal.
Methods
Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used in this cross-sectional study to collect data from 603 FMPs. A self-administered questionnaire was utilized to assess the KAP of the FMPs. It was divided into 4-parts consisting of 31-items, demographic characteristics (11-items), knowledge (10-items), attitude (5-items), and practice (5-items). It consisted of both multiple-choice questions and Likert scale items questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.
Results
A majority of the participants (76%) reported adequate knowledge. Most of the demographic characteristics, except the place of work, showed significant association with knowledge. About 54.7% of the FMPs demonstrated a positive attitude. Some of the demographic characteristics such as; age, gender, level of education, profession, and online course regarding COVID-19 showed significant association with attitude. A large population (78.9%) displayed appropriate practice, while only two demographic characteristics, profession and online course regarding COVID-19, showed significant association. Pearson correlation showed a significant association between KAP at the level of p < 0.01.
Conclusions
There was a significant association between KAP among FMPs. The FMPs having higher education showed better knowledge and attitude, but the practice was not affected by their education level. Very few FMPs were involved in IPC training and online courses regarding COVID-19, and they displayed better KAP scores. A higher level of knowledge might be accountable for a better attitude and practice. So, FMPs need to be encouraged and motivated to update knowledge regularly. The government and stakeholders should arrange educational programs and training. Also, FMPs need to be encouraged to use official websites to acquire knowledge.
Identification of an independent immune-genes prognostic index for breast cancer
Authors: Chen Lin , Dong Yuxiang , Pan Yitong , Chen Chen , Wang Junyi , Lu Jianing , Yu Yun , Deng Rong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective

Increasing evidence has indicated an association between immune micro-environment in breast cancer and clinical outcomes. The aim of this research is to comprehensively investigate the effect of tumor immune genes on the prognosis of breast cancer patients.
Methods

2498 immune genes were downloaded from ImmPort database. Additionally, we identified and downloaded the transcriptome data of patients with breast cancer from the TCGA database through the R package, as well as relevant clinical information. Survival R package was applied in survival analyses for hub-genes. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of immune genes on the prognosis of breast cancer. Immune risk scoring model was constructed based on the statistical correlation between hub immune genes and survival. Meanwhile, multivariate cox regression analysis was utilized to investigate whether the immune genes risk score model was an independent factor for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer. Nomogram was constructed to comprehensively predict the survival rate of breast cancer. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
Results

The results of the difference analysis showed that 556 immune genes exhibited differential expression between normal and breast cancer tissues (p < 0. 05). Univariate cox regression analysis revealed 66 immune genes statistically correlated with breast cancer related survival risk, of which 30 were associated with overall survival (P < 0.05). In addition, a 15-genes based immune genes risk scoring model was constructed through lasso COX regression analysis. KM curve indicated that patients in high-risk were associated with poor outcomes (p < 0.001). ROC curve indicated that the immune risk score model was reliable in predicting survival risk (5-year OS, AUC = 0.752). Our model showed satisfying AUC and survival correlation in the validation dataset (3-year over survival (OS) AUC = 0.685, 5-year OS AUC = 0.717, P = 0.00048). Furthermore, multivariate cox regression analysis confirmed that the immune risk score model was an independent factor for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer. A nomogram was established to comprehensively predict the survival of breast cancer patients with the results of multivariate cox regression analysis. Finally, we found that 15 immune genes and risk scores were significantly associated with clinical factors and prognosis, and were involved in multiple oncogenic pathways.
Conclusion

Collectively, tumor immune genes played an essential role in the prognosis of breast cancer. Furthermore, immune risk score was an independent predictive factor of breast cancer, indicating a poor survival.
A Novel Parameter Derived From Photoplethysmographic Pulse Wave to Predict Risk of Postreperfusion Syndrome
Authors: Kong Hai-ying , Zhao Xian , Huang Su-Qin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPostreperfusion syndrome (PRS), observed after reperfusion of the grafted liver, was associated with poor outcome. The end-stage liver disease (ESLD) with autonomic dysfunction in the cardiovascular system has greater risk of developing of PRS, due to the poor ability in sympathetic vasoconstriction. Surgical Stress Index (SSI) is a novel parameter derived from photoplethysmographic pulse wave to assess central sympathetic modulation in awake volunteers. In this study, we determined the relationship between SSI values and the risk of developing of PRS during orthotopic liver transplantation.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 163 patients who had undergone OLT, and divided the patients into PRS group and non-PRS group. SSI and related parameters were determined 5min before and after clamping of the inferior vena cava, the occurrence of PRS were recorded during reperfusion.ResultsThe clamping of the inferior vena cava modified the SSI significantly, accompanied with significant hemodynamic response. The SSI increased significantly after clamping (47.0 (43.0-49.0 ) vs.81.0(69.5-89.0), p<0.001). The SSI increased by 45.3% at 5min after clamping of the inferior vena cava in the PRS group, as opposed to 81.7% in the non-PRS group (P = 0.037). PRS occurred in only 19.4% of patients in whom the SSI increased by more than 50%. Based on a multivariate analysis, percentage of the variation in the SSI was associated with a significant increased risk in developing the PRS (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.15-5.02; P=0.021).ConclusionsSSI can sensitively indicate the central sympathetic modulation function during liver transplantation procedure. SSI might be a sensitive marker of risk of developing PRS.
Cause of Death and Factors Associated With 5-Year Mortality After Hip Fracture Surgery
Authors: Wang Xiaowei , Zhao Jianwen , Zheng Huayong , Zhang Jianzhen , Sun Tiansheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aim: the aims of this study were to identify the 5-year mortality rate after hip fracture, identify factors associated with this mortality, and identify the cause of death in these patients.Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study of geriatric patients (≥60 years of age) undergoing a hip fracture surgical procedure admitted to our institution between the 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2016 was performed. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected. Patients or their careers were contacted by telephone or outpatient to ascertain their vital status, and cause of death if they had died at 5-year post-surgery. According to whether they were alive or death at 5-year post-surgery, patients were divided into survivor or non-survivor group. All variables including demographic data and clinical characteristics were compared for both survivors and non-survivors. Cox proportional hazards were used to determine independent risk factors for 5-year mortality. All cause of 5-year mortality in hip fracture were recorded.Result: A total of 327 patients with a median age of 80.00 years were included. 5-year mortality was 40.1%, and the death peak was concentrated during 6 months after surgery. The final multivariate model included 4 independent mortality risk factors: advanced age, stroke, albumin, delayed surgery, with an HR (95% confidence interval) 1.052(1.025-1.080), 1.612(1.104-2.353), 0.940(0.900-0.982), 1.638(1.072-2.498), respectively. Pulmonary infection, and cardiovascular disease were the most common cause of 5-year death.Conclusion: Our results showed that 5-year mortality was 40.1%. Advanced age, stroke, low albumin, and delayed surgery were associated with 5-year mortality after hip fracture surgery. Pulmonary infection, and cardiovascular disease were the most common cause of death.
Predicting Future Harm from Gambling over a Five-Year period in a General Population Sample: A Survival Analysis
Authors: Currie Shawn , Hodgins David , Williams Robert , Fiest Kirsten 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background There is little longitudinal evidence on the cumulative risk of harm from gambling associated with excess spending and frequency of play. The present study sought to assess over a five-year period the risk of gambling problems in adults who exceed previously derived low-risk gambling limits compared to those who remain within the limits after controlling for other modifiable psychosocial risk factors. Methods Participants were adults (N = 4212) drawn from two independent Canadian longitudinal cohort studies (Quinte Longitudinal Study and Leisure, Lifestyle, and Lifecycle Project) who reported gambling in the past year and were free of problem gambling at time 1. Multivariate Cox regression was employed to assess the impact of gambling above low-risk gambling thresholds (frequency ≥ 8 times per month; expenditure ≥ $75CAN per month; percent of household income spent on gambling ≥ 1.7%) on developing gambling problems over time. Covariates included presence of a DSM 5 addiction or mental health disorder at time 1, irrational gambling beliefs, number of stressful life events in past 12 months, number of game types played each year, and playing electronic gaming machines or casino games. Results In both samples, exceeding the low-risk gambling limits at time 1 significantly increased the risk of moderate harm within five years after controlling for other modifiable risk factors. Other significant predictors of harm were presence of a mental disorder at time 1, cognitive distortions about gambling, stressful life events, and playing electronic gaming machines or casino games. In the QLS sample, the five-year cumulative survival rate among individuals who stayed below all the low-risk limits was 95% compared to 83% among gamblers who exceeded all limits. Each additional low-risk limit exceeded increased the cumulative probability of harm by 30%. Conclusions Level of gambling involvement represents a highly modifiable risk factor for later harm. Staying below empirically derived safe gambling thresholds reduces the risk of harm over time.