bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weekly versus fortnightly Allied Health early intervention for children with diagnosed/suspected developmental delay
Authors: Varvounis Nicolette , Frost Jessica , Stott Jessica , Ward Emily , Lefmann Sophie , Boyle Terry , Boshoff Kobie 
Published: October 2020

Aim and background: Reviewing service provision is prudent for early childhood development teams to ensure efficient and high quality service delivery. The context of this study is an outpatient, clinic-based, Allied Health Early Intervention service, for children, aged 1-4years with diagnosed/suspected developmental delay and their families, which is currently provided fortnightly over 10-weeks. This study aimed to compare the impact on carer and clinician preferences, client outcomes and efficiencies such as attendance rates, of weekly versus fortnightly clinics. Methods: A prospective multi-informant, group comparison design was conducted comparing fortnightly interventions over 10-weeks and weekly interventions over 5-weeks. Intervention outcome data (Canadian Occupational Performance Measure), attendance rates and questionnaire data completed by clinicians and carers, were compared between the two frequency periods. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between both models for overall attendance rates or outcome measures (n=25 fortnightly, n=29 weekly). Carers’ (n=97) and clinicians’ (n=36) perceptions showed a variety of preferences. Carers suggested weekly was preferable for children who function well with routine, have shorter term goals and homework and for rapport building. Concerns for vulnerable families regarding a shorter contact period of 5-weeks with the weekly service, compared to 10-weeks (for fortnightly service), were identified by clinicians. Consistent feedback from carers was weekly over 10-weeks as the best option. Clinician themes included perception of increased workload with weekly and additional time needed to observe change for some children. Carers for both models articulated practical attendance barriers.
Conclusions: A flexible model of service frequency is recommended, to suit the needs of children and carers, aligning with clinicians’ clinical reasoning. Decision making considerations should include condition, type of therapy (need for intensity/longer period/routine/relationship building), family practicalities, family vulnerability and benefits of service contact time.
PLURALISM AND NORMATIVITY IN TRUTH AND LOGIC
Authors: Sher Gila 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper I investigate how differences in approach to truth and logic (in particular, a deflationist vs. a substantivist approach to these fields) affect philosophers’ views concerning pluralism and normativity in these fields. My perspective on truth and logic is largely epistemic, focusing on the role of truth in knowledge (rather than on the use of the words “true” and “truth” in natural language), and my reference group includes Carnap (1934), Harman (1986), Horwich (1990), Wright (1992), Beall and Restall (2006), Field (2009), Lynch (2009), and Sher (2016a). Whenever possible, I focus on positive rather than negative views on the issues involved, although in some cases this is not possible.
TRUTH AS THE GOOD IN THE WAY OF BELIEF
Authors: Lynch Michael P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWilliam James once said that truth is “the good in the way of belief.” This has the ring of, well, truth. While it may appear as if James’ claim is straightforwardly true, I think that there are at least three different dimensions along which truth can be normatively related to belief. In this paper, I explore these different dimensions of truth’s value, considering both how they differ and how they relate. As we will see, our understanding of these different dimensions of truth’s value can impact our understanding of its nature. I argue that a fuller understanding of the connections between truth’s normative dimensions pushes us in a decidedly pragmatist and pluralist direction—something of which I believe James would approve.
DEFLATING TRUTH ABOUT TASTE
Authors: Ferrari Filippo , Moruzzi Sebastiano 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In Truth and Objectivity, Crispin Wright argues that because truth is a distinctively normative property, it cannot be as metaphysically insubstantive as deflationists claim. We offer a reconstruction of Wright’s Inflationary Argument that highlights the steps required to establish its inflationary conclusion. We argue that if a certain metaphysical and epistemological view of a given subject matter is accepted, a local counterexample to the Inflationary Argument can be constructed. As a case study we focus on the domain of basic taste. We develop two variants of a subjectivist and relativist metaphysics and epistemology that seem palatable in that domain and we show that the Inflationary Argument doesn’t go through in the domain of basic taste thus construed. We conclude by briefly discussing the significance of this result for the debate on alethic pluralism.
CAN PLURALISM ACCOUNT FOR THE NORMATIVITY OF TRUTH?
Authors: Edwards Douglas 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper I assess whether truth pluralism can account for the normativity of truth. This is a key issue, as accommodating the idea that truth is normative is often presented as a main advantage that truth pluralism has over deflationism. The basis of the discussion is Engel’s (2013) critique of truth pluralism, which questions the view’s ability to account for the normativity of truth. I develop the ways truth pluralists of different sorts can respond to Engel’s critique, and explore the accounts of the normativity of truth that emerge.
Sairaanhoitajien valmiudet tiedonhallintaan sekä kokemukset potilas- ja asiakastietojärjestelmien tuesta työtehtäviin
Authors: Saranto Kaija , Kinnunen Ulla-Mari , Koponen Samuli , Kyytsönen Maiju , Hyyppönen Hannele , Vehko Tuulikki 
Published: October 2020

Sairaanhoitajien kokemuksia potilas- ja asiakastietojärjestelmistä kartoitettiin nyt toiseen kertaan valtakunnallisella kyselytutkimuksella. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena on tuottaa tietoa kansallisessa Tieto hyvinvoinnin ja uudistuvien palvelujen tukena – Sote-tieto hyötykäyttöön 2020 -strategiassa asetettujen tavoitteiden saavuttamisesta yhden osa-alueen (Kyvykkäille käyttäjille fiksut järjestelmät) osalta sairaanhoitajien näkökulmasta. Näitä strategian osatavoitteita mukailevat tutkimuskysymykset ovat: Miten asiakas- ja potilastietojärjestelmät tukevat hoitajien työtehtäviä, yhteistyötä ja tiedonkulkua? Minkälaiseksi hoitajat arvioivat nykyisen käyttökokemuksensa, koulutuksensa, perehdyttämisen toimintatapojen muutokseen sekä lisäkoulutustarpeensa? Miten hyödylliseksi hoitajat arvioivat asiakas- ja potilastietojärjestelmät työssään?
Tutkimusaineisto kerättiin sähköisellä kyselyllä hyödyntäen Sairaanhoitajaliiton, Tehyn sekä Akavan sairaanhoitajat ja Taja ry:n (TAJA) jäsenrekistereitä keväällä 2020. Kyselyyn vastasi hyväksyttävästi 3 610 sairaanhoitajaa, kätilöä tai terveydenhoitajaa, jotka toimivat julkisessa terveydenhuollossa, sosiaalihuollossa tai yksityisellä sektorilla. Vastaajat olivat kokeneita asiakas- ja potilastietojärjestelmien käyttäjiä. Valtaosa heistä kirjautui vähintään yhteen järjestelmään päivittäin, osa jopa viiteen tai sitä useampaan järjestelmään. Tulosten mukaan vastaajat eivät olleet tyytyväisiä järjestelmien tukeen niiden käytön vaatiman pitkän perehdytyksen vuoksi. Tiedonkulkuun hoitajien välillä omassa organisaatiossa oltiin tyytyväisiä, mutta tiedonkulussa eri organisaatioissa toimivien hoitajien välillä sekä hoitajien ja potilaiden välillä koettiin puutteita. Enemmistö vastaajista koki tietotekniset perustaitonsa, taitonsa tehdä kirjaukset asiakas- tai potilastietojärjestelmään, taitonsa tehdä potilaan hoidon kirjaus hoitotyön prosessin mukaisesti sekä tietosuojan ja tietoturvan periaatteiden hyödyntämisensä päivittäisessä työssä hyviksi tai erinomaisiksi kaikissa toimintaympäristöissä. Yli puolet vastaajista ei ilmoittanut lisäkoulutustarpeita. Kuitenkin hoitajat toivoivat työnantajiltaan enemmän täydennyskoulutusta. Vastaajat kokivat ongelmalliseksi järjestelmien kyvyn tai toiminnallisuuden koostaa yhteenvetonäkymiä. Yhteenvetona voidaan todeta sairaanhoitajilla olevan hyvät tai erinomaiset taidot käyttää asiakas- ja potilastietojärjestelmiä, mutta perehdytystä tarvitaan tukemaan digitaalisten palvelujen tuottamissa työprosesseissa. Hoidon jatkuvuus, laatu ja potilasturvallisuus ovat erityisesti hyötyjä, joita tietojärjestelmien käytöllä jo saavutetaan.
Ultrasound Elastography: Review of Techniques, Clinical Application, Technical Limitations, and Safety Considerations in Neonatology
Authors: Schrenk F , Uhrik P , Uhrikova Z 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Ultrasound elastography is a relatively new non-invasive diagnostic imaging technology that maps elastic properties and the stiffness of soft tissue. In general, these methods can be classified into strain imaging methods that use internal or external compression stimuli and a shear wave imaging that use ultrasound-generated travelling shear wave stimuli. In this review we describe the basics of ultrasound elastography, discuss differences between various ultrasound elastography techniques, and review advantages, limitations, and the safety of these techniques in clinical practice, especially in neonatology. Furthermore, we review the potential of application of elastography in revealing brain injury and characterizing age dependent differences in preterm and term infants.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Treatment in Pregnancy: Case Study
Authors: Laucekova Z , Bodova K Biskupska , Nachajova M , Kudela E , Fiolka R , Pridavkova D , Staskova K , Biringer K. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with high prevalence in female in reproductive age. In recent years the prognosis of pregnant patients with SLE has improved significantly. Even though the treatment options have improved, the risk of flares, preeclampsia, pregnancy loss, and premature labours remains high compared to healthy women. The aim of this article is to offer a review of current treatment options in pregnant patients with SLE and to present a case report of 32-year-old patient with newly diagnosed acute outbreak of SLE, who experienced a life-threatening multisystem flare at 24 weeks of gestational age. This case represents one of the most extreme manifestations of lupus disease activity associated with pregnancy that has been reported in literature and emphasizes the importance of preconception evaluation and counseling and amultidisciplinary management approach in cases with a complex and evolving clinical course.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Venlafaxine and Impact of Age, Gender, BMI, and Diagnosis
Authors: Krivosova M. , Kertys M. , Grendar M. , Ondrejka I. , Hrtanek I. , Tonhajzerova I. , Sekaninova N. , Mokry J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDepression is a common mental disorder affecting more than 264 million people in the world and 5.1% of the Slovak population. Although various antidepressant approaches have been used; still, about 40% of patients do not respond to a first-choice drug administration and one third of patients do not achieve total remission. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a method used for quantification and interpreting the drug concentrations in plasma in order to optimize the pharmacotherapy. The aim of this study was to measure the plasma concentrations of venlafaxine, the fourth most prescribed antidepressant in Slovakia, as well as its active metabolite and interpret them with the relevant patients’ characteristics.The study was of retrospective nature and 28 adult patients in total were included. The concentrations of venlafaxine and its active metabolite O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV) in plasma were quantified using the validated UHPLC-MS/MS method. The effects of potential influencing factors were evaluated by a multivariate linear regression model.Only 39% of patients reached the venlafaxine active moiety concentrations within the recommended therapeutic range. Plasma concentrations were dependent on age, gender, and duration of the therapy. Venlafaxine metabolism expressed as a metabolite-to-parent concentrations ratio was influenced by a combination of age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). We did not observe any significant difference in plasma concentrations between the patients with a single and recurrent diagnosis of depression. Combining variables made an additive effect on plasma concentrations, for example, active moiety plasma concentrations were higher in older women. In contrast, drug metabolism was higher in older men and men with lower BMI. TDM of venlafaxine is recommended in clinical practice, especially in the elderly when beginning the pharmacotherapy.
Secular trend and social gradients in the menarcheal age of girls from eastern Poland between 1986 and 2016
Authors: Saczuk Jerzy , Wasiluk Agnieszka , Pytasz Piotr 
Published: October 2020

The age at menarche is changing together with the development of society. The intensities of secular trends vary in different countries, regions or even towns and villages. Therefore, the objective of the paper was to assess the changes of the menarcheal age of girls in groups defined by different levels of parental education and the number of children in a family as well as the general index of socioeconomic status. The paper utilises the results of research conducted in the years 1985–1986, 2005–2006 and 2015–2016, covering 11 671 girls aged 10–16 from eastern provinces of Poland. Information about the date of birth, the date of the first period, place of residence, fathers’ and mothers’ education and the number of children in a family was collected. Research material was divided into groups stratified by mother’s education, father’s education, number of children in a family, size of place of residence and the general index of socioeconomic status (SES) was calculated. The results were processed statistically using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Newman-Keuls method.
In all the assessed groups of girls the acceleration of maturation has been observed. Greater socio-economic differences of the menarcheal age of the respondents were observed in the years 1986–2006, whereas in the years 2006–2016 the differences were smaller. During the assessed period of 30 years, the most intensive acceleration in menarche was observed in the lowest social strata, i.e. in the daughters of parents with primary or vocational education, in those from the largest families and in those who were included in the group with the lowest SES point values. The lowest acceleration in the described indicator of development was found in girls from families with one or two children, whose parents had higher education degrees and the highest SES values.
The assessed schoolgirls still demonstrate the existence of social gradients in the menarcheal age but the gradients are smaller than 30 years ago.
Gluten consumption may contribute to worldwide obesity prevalence
Authors: You Wenpeng , Rühli Frank , Eppenberger Patrick , Galassi Francesco Maria , Diao Pinchun , Henneberg Maciej 
Published: October 2020

Gluten consumption has been controversially associated with obesity in previous studies. We sought to examine this association at the worldwide level.
Country specific data were obtained from 168 countries. Scatter plots, bivariate, partial correlation and multiple linear regression models were used to explore and compare the coincidence between obesity prevalence and consumption of gluten, non-gluten cereal protein and total cereal protein respectively. The established risk factors of obesity: caloric intake, sedentary lifestyle, urbanization, socioeconomic status, meat protein intake and sugar consumption were included in analyses as potential confounders. The 168 countries were also stratified into developing and developed country groupings for further examination of the relationships.
Worldwide, bivariate correlation analyses revealed that the strength and direction of correlations between all variables (independent, dependent and potential confounders) were at similar levels. Obesity prevalence was positively correlated to gluten consumption but was negatively correlated to consumption of non-gluten cereal protein, and was in almost nil correlation to total cereal protein consumption. These relationships were similar across all countries (n= 168), developed country grouping (N=44) and devel­oping country grouping (n=124). When caloric intake, Gross Domestic Product at Purchasing Power Parity, sedentary lifestyle and urbanization were kept statistically constant in the partial correlation analysis, obesity was significantly correlated to gluten consumption in all countries, developed country grouping and developing country grouping, and was significantly but inversely and weakly correlated to non-gluten cereal protein in all countries and developing countries, and was in almost nil correlation to total cereal protein in all country groupings. Globally, stepwise multiple regression analysis, when all the independent variables and potential confounding factors were included, selected consumption of sugar as the variable having the greatest influence on obesity with R2 = 0.510, while gluten was placed second increasing R2 to 0.596.
Gluten consumption may have been emerging as an inconspicuous, but significant cause of obesity. While Westernization has driven the diet patterns worldwide to incorporate more gluten crops, obesity prevalence projection methods may estimate future obesity rates poorly if gluten consumption is not considered.
The developmental competence of bovine oocytes matured in vitro using thymosin beta 4
Authors: Romanek Joanna , Jurkiewicz Joanna , Wierzchoś-Hilczer Agnieszka , Opiela Jolanta 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of thymosin beta 4 (Tβ4) during in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes and subsequent embryonic development after in vitro fertilization as well as to assess the quality of obtained blastocysts. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were matured in vitro in 4 different media: 1. control medium; 2. control media supplemented with 50 ng/mL Tβ4; 3. control media supplemented with 0.5 mg/mL Tβ4; and 4. control media supplemented with 1 mg/mL Tβ4. The quality of the developed blastocysts was analysed by the TUNEL method. The number of cleaved eggs was significantly higher (P<0.05) when gametes were matured in the presence of 50 ng/mL Tβ4 than it was using the other types of media. Additionally, the largest number of blastocysts was observed when 0.5 mg Tβ4 was added to the medium (P<0.05). No significant difference was noted in the mean number of apoptotic nuclei per blastocyst or in the mean number of nuclei per blastocyst in any of the analysed groups. In conclusion, Tβ4 supplementation (50 ng/mL) in maturation medium increased the number of cleaved oocytes, and the number of blastocysts obtained increased when 0.5 mg/mL Tβ4 was used. This positive effect was not observed when a higher concentration of Tβ4 (1 mg/mL) was used.
Probiotic microorganisms and herbs in ruminant nutrition as natural modulators of health and production efficiency – a review
Authors: Bąkowski Maciej , Kiczorowska Bożena 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, direct-fed microbials, and herbs may improve the production efficiency in ruminants. The beneficial effect of selected specific microbes on animal health is reflected in protection against pathogens, stimulation of immunological response, increased production capacity, and mitigation of stress effects. Phytobiotic plants used in the nutrition of ruminant animals increase feed palatability. This in turn has a positive effect on feed intake and, consequently, increases production performance. Pectins, terpenes, phenols, saponins, and antibioticlike substances contained in phytobiotics prevent irritation, diarrhea, and increase the activity of digestive enzymes. Thanks to the abundance of biologically active substances such as flavonoids, glycosides, coumarins, carotenoids, polyphenols, etc., phytobiotics exhibit immunostimulatory and antioxidant properties as well. Given such a wide range of effects on health status and production parameters in animals, an attempt was made in this review to compile the current knowledge on the possible application of these natural growth stimulants in ruminant nutrition and to demonstrate their potential benefits and/or risks for breeding these animals.
Top-dressing of chelated phytogenic feed additives in the diet of lactating Friesian cows to enhance feed utilization and lactational performance
Authors: Kholif Ahmed E. , Hassan Ayman A. , Matloup Osama H. , El Ashry Ghada M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The present experiment evaluated the inclusion of chelated phytogenic feed additives mixture in the diet of lactating cows for the first 3 months of lactation. A week before calving, thirty multiparous Friesian cows were divided into three treatments in a complete randomized design and fed a basal diet without supplementation (Control treatment), or the control diet supplemented with chelated phytogenic additives at 3 g (PHY3 treatment), or at 6 g/cow/d (PHY6 treatment). Menthol, levomenthol, β-linaloolm, anethole, hexadecanoic acid and pmenthane were the principal compounds identified in the additives mixture. Milk production, total solid, protein, fat, and lactose were increased with PHY3, but decreased by PHY6 (P<0.01). Whereas the PHY3 treatment increased (P<0.05) milk contents of Ca and Zn, PHY3 and PHY6 treatments increased (P<0.05) milk Fe and Mn concentrations. Though the PHY3 treatment increased (P<0.05) nutrient digestibility, the PHY6 treatment decreased (P<0.05) the digestibility of organic matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber. The PHY3 treatment increased (P<0.05) ruminal volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration and proportional acetate and propionate and decreased butyrate, while the PHY6 treatment decreased ruminal VFA concentration and proportional acetate. The PHY3 treatment increased (P<0.05) serum total protein, glucose, total antioxidant capacity, and the concentrations of Ca and Zn. Both PHY3 and PHY6 treatment decreased (P<0.05) the concentrations of serum triglycerides, and cholesterol. Daily inclusion of 3 g/cow of chelated feed additives mixture in diet of lactating cows improved milk production and ruminal fermentation, but additives dose of 6 g/cow/d had negative impact on cows’ performance.