bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of temperature on the proxies of visual detection of Danio rerio larvae: observations from the optic tectum
Authors: Babkiewicz Ewa , Bazała Michał , Urban Paulina , Maszczyk Piotr , Markowska Magdalena , Gliwicz Z. Maciej 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Numerous studies have indicated that temperature improves the visual capabilities of different ectotherms, including a variety of fish species. However, none of these studies has directly tested whether elevated temperature extends the visual detection distance – the distance from which a visual stimulus is detected. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the effect of temperature on the visual detection distance of zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae by measuring the largest distance from a moving target that induced a neural response in the optic tectum. We applied advanced methods of functional calcium imaging such as selective plane illumination microscopy in combination with a miniature OLED screen. The screen displayed an artificial, mobile prey, appearing in the visual field of the larvae. We performed experiments in three temperature treatments (18, 23 and 28°C) on transgenic fish expressing a fluorescent probe (GCaMP5G) that changes intensity in response to altered Ca2+ concentrations in the nerves in the optic tectum. Based on the obtained data, we also measured three additional parameters of the neural response in the optic tectum, each being a proxy of sensitivity to changes in the stimulus movement. We did not confirm our hypothesis, since the visual detection distance shortened as the temperature increased. Moreover, all of the three additional parameters indicated a negative effect of the temperature on the speed of the neural response to the stimuli. However, the obtained results could be explained not only by worse visual capabilities at the elevated temperature, but also by the differences in the visual field and in turn, the retinotopic location of the visual stimulus between the temperature treatments, since the stimulus in the experiments moved horizontally rather than forward and backward from the fish's eye.
Lymphocytes perform reverse adhesive haptotaxis mediated by LFA-1 integrins
Authors: Luo Xuan , Seveau de Noray Valentine , Aoun Laurene , Biarnes-Pelicot Martine , Strale Pierre-Olivier , Studer Vincent , Valignat Marie-Pierre , Theodoly Olivier 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Cell guidance by anchored molecules, or haptotaxis, is crucial in development, immunology and cancer. Adhesive haptotaxis, or guidance by adhesion molecules, is well established for mesenchymal cells such as fibroblasts, whereas its existence remains unreported for amoeboid cells that require less or no adhesion in order to migrate. We show that, in vitro, amoeboid human T lymphocytes develop adhesive haptotaxis mediated by densities of integrin ligands expressed by high endothelial venules. Moreover, lymphocytes orient towards increasing adhesion with VLA-4 integrins (also known as integrin α4β1), like all mesenchymal cells, but towards decreasing adhesion with LFA-1 integrins (also known as integrin αLβ4), which has not previously been observed. This counterintuitive ‘reverse haptotaxis’ cannot be explained by existing mechanisms of mesenchymal haptotaxis involving either competitive anchoring of cell edges under tension or differential integrin-activated growth of lamellipodia, because they both favor orientation towards increasing adhesion. The mechanisms and functions of amoeboid adhesive haptotaxis remain unclear; however, multidirectional integrin-mediated haptotaxis might operate around transmigration ports on endothelia, stromal cells in lymph nodes, and inflamed tissue where integrin ligands are spatially modulated.
The Na+ pump Ena1 is a yeast epsin-specific cargo requiring its ubiquitylation and phosphorylation sites for internalization
Authors: Sen Arpita , Hsieh Wen-Chieh , Hanna Claudia B. , Hsu Chuan-Chih , Pearson McKeith , Tao W. Andy , Aguilar R. Claudio 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
It is well known that in addition to its classical role in protein turnover, ubiquitylation is required for a variety of membrane protein sorting events. However, and despite substantial progress in the field, a long-standing question remains: given that all ubiquitin units are identical, how do different elements of the sorting machinery recognize their specific cargoes? Our results indicate that the yeast Na+ pump Ena1 is an epsin (Ent1 and Ent2 in yeast)-specific cargo and that its internalization requires K1090, which likely undergoes Art3-dependent ubiquitylation. In addition, an Ena1 serine and threonine (ST)-rich patch, proposed to be targeted for phosphorylation by casein kinases, was also required for its uptake. Interestingly, our data suggest that this phosphorylation was not needed for cargo ubiquitylation. Furthermore, epsin-mediated internalization of Ena1 required a specific spatial organization of the ST patch with respect to K1090 within the cytoplasmic tail of the pump. We hypothesize that ubiquitylation and phosphorylation of Ena1 are required for epsin-mediated internalization.
One-Pot Heteroarene Synthesis Based on Ruthenium-on-Carbon-Catalyzed Oxidative Aromatization Using Oxygen
Authors: Yamamoto Yuta , Yamada Yutaro , Sajiki Hironao , Sawama Yoshinari 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Various heteroarenes, such as indole, carbazole, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, etc., were easily constructed by the Diels-Alder reaction of the corresponding vinyl-substituted pyrrole, indole, benzofuran or benzothiophene with the dienophiles and the subsequent heterogeneously ruthenium-on-carbon (Ru/C)-catalyzed oxidative aromatization using oxygen in a one-pot manner. Furthermore, the one-pot synthesis of the tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-a]carbazole-1,3-dione derivative possessing the critical backbone of the antitumor agent was also accomplished by the following construction of the phthalimide moiety.
Biomechanical Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Training after ACL Reconstruction
Authors: TELFER SCOTT , CALHOUN JOHN , BIGHAM JOSEPH J. , MAND SIMRAN , GELLERT JOSHUA M. , HAGEN MIA S. , KWEON CHRISTOPHER Y. , GEE ALBERT O. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT

Introduction
After anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery, returning the knee to previous levels of strength and function is challenging, with the failure to do so associated with an increased risk of reinjury and long-term degenerative problems. Blood flow restriction (BFR) is gaining popularity as a rehabilitation technique; however, its effects on the mechanics of these exercises have not been fully explored. In this study, we aimed to determine the acute effects of BFR on the performance of a step-up exercise protocol and to assess the acceptability of the technique.

Methods
Twenty individuals (12 female/8 male; mean age, 30.6 yr) who had recently undergone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and 20 controls (11 female/9 male, mean age 28.0 yr) performed a step-up exercise protocol with and without BFR. Lower limb kinematics and kinetics were measured and compared between groups and conditions. Testing was completed in June 2019.

Results
Participants in both groups had increased external rotation of the tibia of 2° (P < 0.001) and reductions in knee flexion and rotation torques around the joint of around 50% (P < 0.001) when using BFR compared with nonrestricted step-up exercise. The intervention was found to increase the difficulty of the exercise and induce moderate levels of discomfort (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
The present study provides cautious support for the use of BFR, showing that there are minimal changes in knee joint mechanics when performing the same exercise without BFR, and that the changes do not increase joint torques at the knee. From an acute biomechanical perspective, the intervention appears safe to use under qualified supervision; however, effects of repetitive use and long-term outcomes should be monitored.
Financial Innovation and Financial Intermediation: Evidence from Credit Default Swaps
Authors: Butler Alexander W. , Gao Xiang , Uzmanoglu Cihan 
Published: July 2020

We study the influence of credit default swaps (CDS) trading on the costs of bond intermediation. After CDS initiation, CDS firms pay 12% to 28% (8 to 20 basis points) lower underwriting fees than similar non-CDS firms do. Underwriting fees decline more for riskier issuers and illiquid bonds for which the ability to hedge with CDS is more valuable. In bond offerings, participation by investors facing risk-based regulatory requirements increases after CDS initiation. Our evidence suggests that CDS-driven innovations in risk sharing contribute to the transactional efficiency of the market by reducing the financial intermediation costs of placing bonds. This paper was accepted by Karl Diether, finance.
Patient-Specific Stress–Abdominal Pain Interaction in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: An Exploratory Experience Sampling Method Study
Authors: Vork Lisa , Keszthelyi Daniel , van Kuijk Sander M.J. , Quetglas Emilio G. , Törnblom Hans , Simrén Magnus , Aziz Qasim , Corsetti Maura , Tack Jan , Mujagic Zlatan , Leue Carsten , Kruimel Joanna W. , Masclee Ad A.M. 
Published: July 2020

INTRODUCTION:
Gastrointestinal symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have been correlated with psychological factors using retrospective symptom assessment. However, real-time symptom assessment might reveal the interplay between abdominal and affective symptoms more reliably in a longitudinal perspective. The aim was to evaluate the association between stress and abdominal pain, using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) as a real-time, repeated measurement method.

METHODS:
Thirty-seven patients with IBS (26 women; mean age 36.7 years) and 36 healthy controls (HC; 24 women; mean age 31.1 years) completed an electronic ESM during 7 consecutive days. Abdominal pain and stress were scored on an 11-point Numeric Rating Scale at a maximum of 10 random moments each day.

RESULTS:
Abdominal pain scores were 2.21 points higher in patients with IBS compared with those in HC (P < 0.001), whereas stress levels did not differ significantly (B: 0.250, P = 0.406). In IBS, a 1-point increase in stress was associated with, on average, 0.10 points increase in abdominal pain (P = 0.017). In HC, this was only 0.02 (P = 0.002). Stress levels at t = −1 were not a significant predictor for abdominal pain at t = 0 in both groups, and vice versa.

DISCUSSION:
Our results demonstrate a positive association between real-time stress and abdominal pain scores and indicate a difference in response to stress and not a difference in experienced stress per se. Furthermore, an in-the-moment rather than a longitudinal association is suggested. This study underlines the importance of considering the individual flow of daily life and supports the use of real-time measurement when interpreting potential influencers of abdominal symptoms in IBS.
Activities of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania chancellery under the management of Leon Sapieha (1585–1623)
Authors: Diemantaitė Vita 
Published: July 2020

After the reforms that took place in 1566 the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Union of Lublin began its new phase of life in 1569. During this phase The Chancellery of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania played an essential role. At the time the institution was comprised of Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor and its most important employees – clerks – people of average nobility that had a chance to show their knowledge working at a chancellery. Leon Sapiega was one of such people. While examining the works of other historians we can notice that L. Sapiega has a variety of biographies, but not including the clerical aspect, they can be considered to be a collection of chronological presentation of facts and not a comprehensive biography of a high-ranking official. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to answer the question of how L. Sapiega as a person influenced the development of the Chancery of the GDL. Institutions are usually represented by leaders and each leader leaves a footprint in the institution’s history. L. Sapiega was not an exeption as his office had undergone several stages of development.
Pengembangan Kewirausahaan Islam di UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya Menuju Islamic Entrepreneurial University
Authors: Rahmawati Lilik 
Published: July 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk desain program kewirausahaan UIN Sunan Ampel dengan basis islamic entrepreneurial campus. penelitian ini terkategori library research dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini dengan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data yang dilakukan bersifat deskriptifâ€“analisis. Desain Islamic Entrepreneurial University UIN Sunan Ampel dalam penelitian ini meliputi beberapa hal: pertama: penyelenggaraan kurikulum kewirausahaan terpadu; kedua: Peningkatan Sumber Daya Manusia; ketiga: Implementasi Entrepreneurship Center; keempat:Kerjasama dengan Dunia Usaha; Kelima: Membentuk Unit Usaha untuk mahasiswa; keenam:Kerjasama dengan Institusi Keuangan (perbankan/non perbankan); ketujuh: Penyelenggaraan Entrepreneurship Award.
Phase II Trial of Palbociclib in Patients with Advanced Esophageal or Gastric Cancer
Authors: Karasic Thomas Benjamin , O'Hara Mark H. , Teitelbaum Ursina R. , Damjanov Nevena , Giantonio Bruce J. , d'Entremont Tracy S. , Gallagher Maryann , Zhang Paul J. , O'Dwyer Peter J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Lessons Learned
Palbociclib monotherapy demonstrated minimal clinical activity in patients with previously treated gastroesophageal cancers. Further clinical evaluation of palbociclib monotherapy is not warranted in gastroesophageal cancers, but improved understanding of resistance mechanisms may permit rational combination approaches.

Background
Dysregulation of the cell cycle is a hallmark of cancer. Progression through the G1/S transition requires phosphorylation of retinoblastoma (RB) by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) 4 and 6, which are regulated by cyclins D and E. Amplifications of cyclin D loci and activating mutations in CDKs are frequent molecular aberrations in gastroesophageal malignancies. We conducted a phase II trial of the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib as an initial test of efficacy.

Methods
Patients with previously treated metastatic gastroesophageal cancers with intact RB nuclear expression by immunohistochemistry were treated with 125 mg daily of palbociclib for days 1–21 of 28-day cycles. The primary endpoint was overall response rate.

Results
We screened 29 patients and enrolled 21 patients: 5 with gastric adenocarcinoma, 3 with gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, 8 with esophageal adenocarcinoma, and 5 with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. All 29 tumors screened had intact nuclear RB expression, and four treated patients tested positive for CCND1 overexpression. No objective responses were seen. Median progression-free survival was 1.8 months, and median overall survival was 3.0 months. All recurrent grade 3 or 4 toxicities were hematologic, with neutropenia in eight patients (38%), anemia in four patients (19%), and thrombocytopenia in two patients (10%).

Conclusion
Palbociclib has limited single-agent activity in gastroesophageal tumors.
Otomobil ısı eşanjörlerinde kullanılan doğrudan soğutmalı döküm (DC) ve ikiz merdaneli sürekli döküm (TRC) ile üretilen modifiye edilmiş folyo 3003 alüminyum alaşımlarının elektrokimyasal yöntemler ile korozyon davranışının karakterizasyonu
Authors: Küçük İsrafil 
Published: July 2020

Bu çalışmada, ticari olarak elde edilen 70 µm kalınlığa sahip
doğrudan soğutmalı döküm (DC) ile üretilen bünyesinde Al-Si-Mn bulunduran 3003
(3003 DC) ve çinko (Zn) ilave edilmiş 3003 alüminyum alaşımı folyo (3003 DC-Zn)
ile ikiz merdane sürekli döküm (TRC) yöntemi kullanılarak Zn ile modifiye
edilmiş 3003 alaşımının (3003 TRC-Zn) korozyon davranışları, 1 Molarlık NaCI +
H2O2 çözelti ortamında ileri seviye elektrokimyasal
yöntemler (sırasıyla, açık devre
potansiyeli, potansiyodinamik eğriler ve elektrokimyasal empedans
spektroskopi) kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Kullanılan alaşımların korozyon
testleri öncesi ve sonrası yüzey karakterizasyonu 3B yüzey profilometresi,
taramalı elektron mikroskobu ve kimyasal kompozisyon analizleri, optik
spektrometere ve X-ışınları kırınım teknikleri ile değerlendirildi. Elde edilen
sonuçlar, Zn ilave edilerek modifiye edilen 3003 alüminyum alaşımının TRC
yöntemi ile üretilmesi sonucu bu folyoların yüzey pürüzlülüğünün ve korozyon
hızı değerlerinin, DC yöntemi ile üretilen benzer alaşımlara göre daha yüksek
olduğunu göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma kapsamında üretilen 3003 TRC-Zn
alaşımının arzu edilen seviyede aşırı yüzey pürüzlülüğüne sahip olarak elde
edilerek, düşük korozyon direnci özelliklerine sahip olmasından dolayı,
otomobil ısı eşanjörü sistemlerinde yer alan galvanik çift yapılarda
alternative bir aktif metal (kurban anot) olarak kullanılabilmesi
önerilmektedir.
Seismic Response of a Mountain Ridge Prone to Landsliding
Authors: Rault Claire , Chao Wei-An , Gelis Céline , Burtin Arnaud , Chang Jui-Ming , Marc Odin , Lai Tz-Shin , Wu Yih-Min , Hovius Niels , Meunier Patrick 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTDuring an earthquake, site effects can play an important role in triggering landslides. To document the seismic response of steep hillslopes, we deployed broadband seismometers across a mountain ridge in Taiwan, in an area with a high earthquake-induced landslide hazard. The ridge has a simple, representative shape, and landslides have previously occurred there. Our seismometer array has recorded continuously during more than 1 yr, with both ambient-noise and regional moderate earthquakes as sources. Processing horizontal and vertical signal components, we show that the ridge has a complex response, which we attribute to the combined effects of the subsurface geology and the topographic geometry. Amplification and directionality of ground motion are observed both high and low on the ridge, giving rise to localized, elevated, earthquake-induced landslide hazard. Our database contains earthquakes with mostly similar locations, making it difficult to determine the effect of earthquake back azimuth on the ridge response. A part of the ridge response, possibly due to topographic effects, seems to be explained by a model derived from a frequency scale curvature proxy at low frequency. If correct, this would be a promising first step toward improving local ground-motion estimation in mountain areas. However, the definition of appropriate scaling parameters of site effects based on geophysical measurements, for use in regional and global landslide hazard equations applicable to mountain areas with substantial regolith thickness, remains a significant challenge.
Isolation of pathogenic microorganisms from burn patient and in vitro determination of antibacterial activity of honey against antibiotic resistance isolates
Authors: Nur Ifra Tun , Jahan Tahmina , Akter Sharmin 
Published: July 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Honey is a natural therapeutic agent which manifest antimicrobial activity against a wide range of bacteria. Therefore, the current study was designed to isolate pathogenic bacteria from burn wound and also to determine the anti-bacterial traits of natural and processed honey against infectious agents.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Wound samples were collected from burn unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital and conventional cultural methods were applied to identify pathogenic microorganisms. A total of six samples including three each of natural and processed honey were tested for the determination of antimicrobial activity by agar well diffusion method. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Among ten wound samples highest load of total viable bacteria was recorded up to 3.7×10<sup>6</sup> cfu/ml. The maximum load of <em>Pseudomonas </em>spp. and <em>Staphylococcus </em>spp. were found up to 1.6×10<sup>4</sup> cfu/ml and 8.7×10<sup>4</sup> cfu/ml respectively. Significant <em>in vitro</em> antimicrobial activity was found in all the samples. Natural honey showed a little bit more efficacy than processed honey. The samples exhibited antibacterial traits against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> with a wide zone of inhibition and moderate zone of inhibition against <em>Pseudomonas </em>spp. when they are subjected to 100% concentered honey. <em>E. coli</em> and <em>Klebsiella </em>spp. were remained to be unaffected at 75% and 50% concentrated honey, while <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>Pseudomonas </em>spp. were found to be sensitive at those concentrations.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The <em>in vitro</em> efficacy of different types of honey tested against the bacteria dependent on the type of honey and the concentration at which it was administered. In our study 100% concentred honey was more efficient in inhibiting all the tested isolates.</p>
Gender preference among pregnant women in Nepal
Authors: Magar Anupama Ale , Karkee Rajendra , Upreti Samyog , Subedi Laxmi , Ghimire Anup 
Published: July 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Nepalese society is traditionally patriarchal and son-preferred with increasing numbers of sex-selective abortions. In this context, this study aims to assess the gender preference and associated factors among pregnant women visiting the antenatal care ward of a large public maternity hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 821 antenatal women. Data was collected via face to face interview with structured questionnaire, and gender preference was assessed using Coombs’ scale. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> At the first instance, more than half 56.2% respondents wished to have two sons and one daughter if they were to have only three children. On asking further questions as per the Coombs’ scale, about 40% of the respondents had son preference falling in IS scale 7-5, 33% had balanced IS-4, and 27% had daughter preference (IS 3-1). The respondent characteristics significantly associated with gender preference were ecological region (p=0.007), education (p=0.009), marital duration (p=0.044) and parity 0.32.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The wish to have son is prevalent among the respondents followed by a mixed gender of children. Educational status, ecological region, and parity explain this differential wish. Women’s education and autonomy are the areas to tackle with sex bias of offspring.</p>