bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Link between omentin‐1, obesity and insulin resistance in children: Findings from a longitudinal intervention study
Authors: Rothermel Juliane , Lass Nina , Barth Andre , Reinehr Thomas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe adipokine omentin‐1 has been suggested to be inversely associated with obesity and insulin resistance in humans. We studied the relationships between omentin‐1, parameters of fat mass, insulin resistance, lipids and blood pressure in children with obesity in a longitudinal study.MethodsWe analysed omentin‐1 concentrations in 23 normal‐weight children and in 82 children with obesity participating in a one‐year lifestyle intervention. In the children with obesity, omentin‐1, bioactive and conventional leptin, thyroid hormones (thyroid‐stimulating hormone, free thyroxine 4, free triiodothyronine), body mass index, waist circumference, body fat based on skin‐fold measurements and bioimpedance analyses, lipids, insulin resistance as homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) and blood pressure were determined at baseline and 1 year later. Furthermore, we measured omentin‐1 concentrations 1 year after the end of the lifestyle intervention.ResultsThe omentin‐1 concentrations were significantly (P = .008) lower in children with obesity compared to normal‐weight children (296 ± 108 ng ml−1 vs. 232 ± 99 ng ml−1). Omentin‐1 concentrations increased significantly (P < .001) in children with obesity and substantial weight loss (35 ± 55 ng ml−1), while omentin‐1 concentrations did not change significantly (P = .750) in children with obesity without weight loss (−5 ± 108 ng ml−1) during the intervention. Substantial weight loss after the end of intervention led to a significant (P < .001) increase of omentin‐1 concentrations (+64 ± 14 ng ml−1). Omentin‐1 was significantly and negatively associated with HOMA‐IR both in cross‐sectional (r = −.27, P = .006) and longitudinal analyses (r = −.33, P = .001). Omentin‐1 concentrations were not related to pubertal stage, sex or thyroid hormones.ConclusionsOur data do support the hypothesis that omentin‐1 is reversibly decreased in obesity and is a link between obesity and insulin resistance.
Man vs machine: Performance of manual vs automated electrocardiogram analysis for predicting the chamber of origin of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmia
Authors: Asatryan Babken , Ebrahimi Ramin , Strebel Ivo , van Dam Peter M. , Kühne Michael , Knecht Sven , Spies Florian , Abächerli Roger , Badertscher Patrick , Kozhuharov Nikola , Zeljkovic Ivan , Schaer Beat , Osswald Stefan , Sticherling Christian , Reichlin Tobias 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundRadiofrequency catheter ablation of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) is performed to eliminate symptoms and to prevent or reverse arrhythmia‐induced cardiomyopathy. Preprocedural prediction of the chamber of VA origin is critical for patient counseling, procedure planning, and guidance of invasive mapping.ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the performance of manual expert versus automated 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis in the prediction of VA origin.MethodsPatients with ablation of idiopathic VA and sustained success were included. The VA origin was defined as the site where ablation caused arrhythmia suppression. Standard baseline 12‐lead ECGs with documentation of the VA were analyzed manually in a blinded fashion by three electrophysiologists and three electrophysiology (EP) fellows. In addition, the same standard 12‐lead ECG was analyzed by an automated computer algorithm using a vectorcardiographic approach.ResultsThirty‐eight patients (median age, 47 [interquartile range, 37–58]; 68% female) were enrolled. The VA originated from the right ventricle in 24 (63%) and the left ventricle in 14 (37%) patients. The electrophysiologists and EP fellows identified the VA chamber of origin with a similar accuracy of 73% and 72% (P = .72). The automated algorithm showed a higher accuracy of 89% (P = .03 compared with electrophysiologists and EP fellows). This resulted in a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 86%.ConclusionWhile the manual ECG analysis of the standard 12‐lead ECG by both electrophysiologists and EP fellows correctly identified the chamber of VA origin in around 75% of cases, an automated vectorcardiographic computer algorithm achieved an accuracy of 89% with clinically acceptable diagnostic parameters.
Quality of life of patients undergoing conventional vs leadless pacemaker implantation: A multicenter observational study
Authors: Cabanas‐Grandío Pilar , García Campo Enrique , Bisbal Felipe , García‐Seara Javier , Pachón Marta , Juan‐Salvadores Pablo , Paredes Emilio , Molinero Asier , Martínez‐Sande José Luis , Arias Miguel Ángel , Íñiguez Romo Andrés 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundLeadless pacemakers (L‐PM) are an emerging effective and safe technology that offer an alternative to conventional pacemakers (C‐PM) for right ventricular stimulation. However, there is little information about their potential benefits for quality of life (QoL) in patients with L‐PM. We compared QoL between patients with L‐PM and C‐PM.MethodsThe study population comprised patients undergoing single chamber pacemaker implantation from December 2016 to March 2018. The SF‐36 questionnaire was used to evaluate QoL at baseline and at 6 months of followup. We also used a questionnaire consisted of 10 specific questions related to the implant procedure.ResultsA total of 106 patients (64 C‐PM; 42 L‐PM) were included. There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the groups (C‐PM vs L‐PM), except for age (81.5 vs 77.3 years; P = .012) and diabetes (38% vs 17%; P = .021). Baseline SF‐36 scores did not differ between the groups. At 6 months followup, patients in the L‐PM group scored significantly higher on physical function (63 vs 42; P < .001), physical role (64 vs 36; P = .004), and mental health (75 vs 65; P = .017), even after adjusting for covariates. Pacemaker‐related discomfort and physical restrictions were significantly lower for the L‐PM group.ConclusionL‐PM is associated with better QoL than C‐PM in both physical and mental health. Patients undergoing L‐PM implantation reported less procedure‐related discomfort, physical restriction, and preoccupation.
Central blood pressure for the management of hypertension: Is it a practical clinical tool in current practice?
Authors: Cheng Hao‐Min , Chuang Shao‐Yuan , Wang Tzung‐Dau , Kario Kazuomi , Buranakitjaroen Peera , Chia Yook‐Chin , Divinagracia Romeo , Hoshide Satoshi , Minh Huynh Van , Nailes Jennifer , Park Sungha , Shin Jinho , Siddique Saulat , Sison Jorge , Soenarta Arieska Ann , Sogunuru Guru Prasad , Sukonthasarn Apichard , Tay Jam Chin , Teo Boon Wee , Turana Yuda , Verma Narsingh , Zhang Yuqing , Wang Ji‐Guang , Chen Chen‐Huan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSince noninvasive central blood pressure (BP) measuring devices are readily available, central BP has gained growing attention regarding its clinical application in the management of hypertension. The disagreement between central and peripheral BP has long been recognized. Some previous studies showed that noninvasive central BP may be better than the conventional brachial BP in association with target organ damages and long‐term cardiovascular outcomes. Recent studies further suggest that the central BP strategy for confirming a diagnosis of hypertension may be more cost‐effective than the conventional strategy, and guidance of hypertension management with central BP may result in less use of medications to achieve BP control. Despite the use of central BP being promising, more randomized controlled studies comparing central BP‐guided therapeutic strategies with conventional care for cardiovascular events reduction are required because noninvasive central and brachial BP measures are conveniently available. In this brief review, the rationale supporting the utility of central BP in clinical practice and relating challenges are summarized.
Randomized controlled trial of family‐focused treatment for child depression compared to individual psychotherapy: one‐year outcomes
Authors: Asarnow Joan Rosenbaum , Tompson Martha C. , Klomhaus Alexandra M. , Babeva Kalina , Langer David A. , Sugar Catherine A. 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveChildhood‐onset depression is associated with increased risk of recurrent depression and high morbidity extending into adolescence and adulthood. This multisite randomized controlled trial evaluated two active psychosocial treatments for childhood depression: family‐focused treatment for childhood depression (FFT‐CD) and individual supportive psychotherapy (IP). Aims were to describe effects through 52 weeks postrandomization on measures of depression, functioning, nondepressive symptoms, and harm events.MethodsChildren meeting criteria for depressive disorders (N = 134) were randomly assigned to 15 sessions of FFT‐CD or IP and evaluated at mid‐treatment for depressive symptoms and fully at roughly 16 weeks (after acute treatment), 32 weeks, and 52 weeks/one year. See clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01159041.ResultsAnalyses using generalized linear mixed models confirmed the previously reported FFT‐CD advantage on rates of acute depression response (≥50% Children's Depression Rating Scale reduction). Improvements in depression and other outcomes were most rapid during the acute treatment period, and leveled off between weeks 16 and 52, with a corresponding attenuation of observed group differences, although both groups showed improved depression and functioning over 52 weeks. Survival analyses indicated that most children recovered from their index depressive episodes by week 52: estimated 76% FFT‐CD, 77% IP. However, by the week 52 assessment, one FFT‐CD child and six IP children had suffered recurrent depressive episodes. Four children attempted suicide, all in the IP group. Other indicators of possible harm were relatively evenly distributed across groups.ConclusionsResults indicate a quicker depression response in FFT‐CD and hint at greater protection from recurrence and suicide attempts. However, outcomes were similar for both active treatments by week 52/one year. Although community care received after acute treatment may have influenced results, findings suggest the value of a more extended/chronic disease model that includes monitoring and guidance regarding optimal interventions when signs of depression‐risk emerge.
The use of PROMs and shared decision‐making in medical encounters with patients: An opportunity to deliver value‐based health care to patients
Authors: Damman Olga C. , Jani Anant , de Jong Brigit A. , Becker Annemarie , Metz Margot J. , de Bruijne Martine C. , Timmermans Danielle R. , Cornel Martina C. , Ubbink Dirk T. , van der Steen Marije , Gray Muir , van El Carla 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe recent emphasis on value‐based health care (VBHC) is thought to provide new opportunities for shared decision‐making (SDM) in the Netherlands, especially when using patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) in routine medical encounters. It is still largely unclear about how PROMs could be linked to SDM and what we expect from clinicians in this respect.AimTo describe approaches and lessons learned in the fields of SDM and VBHC implementation that converge in using PROMs in medical encounters.ApproachBased on input from three Dutch forerunner case examples and available evidence about SDM and VBHC, we describe barriers and facilitators regarding the use of PROMs and SDM in the medical encounter. Barriers and facilitators were structured according to a conversational model that included monitoring and managing, team talk, option talk, choice talk, and decision talk. Key lessons learned and recommendations were synthesized.ResultsThe use of individual, N = 1 PROMs scores in the medical encounter has been largely achieved in the forerunner projects. Conversation on monitoring and managing is relatively well implemented, and option talk to some extent, unlike team talk, and decision talk. Aggregated PROMs information describing outcomes of treatment options seemed to be scarcely used. Experienced barriers largely corresponded to what is known from the literature, eg, perceived lack of time and lack of tools summarizing the options. Some concerns were identified about increasing health care consumption as a result of using PROMs and SDM in the medical encounter.ConclusionSuccessful implementation of SDM within VBHC initiatives may not be self‐evident, even though individual, N = 1 PROMs scores are being used in the medical encounter. Education and staff resources on meso and macro levels may facilitate the more time‐consuming SDM aspects. It seems fruitful to especially target team talk and choice talk in redesigning clinical pathways.
Life cycle sustainability assessment of autonomous heavy‐duty trucks
Authors: Sen Burak , Kucukvar Murat , Onat Nuri C. , Tatari Omer 
Published: December 2019

AbstractConnected and automated vehicles (CAVs) are emerging technologies expected to bring important environmental, social, and economic improvements in transportation systems. Given their implications in terms of air quality and sustainable and safer movement of goods, heavy‐duty trucks (HDTs), carrying the majority of U.S. freight, are considered an ideal domain for the application of CAV technology. An input–output (IO) model is developed based on the Eora database—a detailed IO database that consists of national IO tables, covering almost the entire global economy. Using the Eora‐based IO model, this study quantifies and assesses the environmental, economic, and social impacts of automated diesel and battery electric HDTs based on 20 macro‐level indicators. The life cycle sustainability performances of these HDTs are then compared to that of a conventional diesel HDT. The study finds an automated diesel HDT to cause 18% more fatalities than an automated electric HDT. The global warming potential (GWP) of automated diesel HDTs is estimated to be 4.7 thousand metric tons CO2‐eq. higher than that of automated electric HDTs. The health impact costs resulting from an automated diesel HDT are two times higher than that of an automated electric HDT. Overall, the results also show that automation brings important improvements to the selected sustainability indicators of HDTs such as global warming potential, life cycle cost, GDP, decrease in import, and increase in income. The findings also show that there are significant trade‐offs particularly between mineral and fossil resource losses and environmental gains, which are likely to complicate decision‐making processes regarding the further development and commercialization of the technology.
Hyperammonemia alters the mismatch negativity in the auditory evoked potential by altering functional connectivity and neurotransmission
Authors: García‐García Raquel , Guerrero Juan F. , Lavilla‐Miyasato Manuel , Magdalena Jose R. , Ordoño Juan F. , Llansola Marta , Montoliu Carmina , Teruel‐Martí Vicent , Felipo Vicente 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMinimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome produced by central nervous system dysfunction subsequent to liver disease. Hyperammonemia and inflammation act synergistically to alter neurotransmission, leading to the cognitive and motor alterations in MHE, which are reproduced in rat models of chronic hyperammonemia. Patients with MHE show altered functional connectivity in different neural networks and a reduced response in the cognitive potential mismatch negativity (MMN), which correlates with attention deficits. The mechanisms by which MMN is altered in MHE remain unknown.The objectives of this work are as follows:

To assess if rats with chronic hyperammonemia reproduce the reduced response in the MMN found in patients with MHE.
Analyze the functional connectivity between the areas (CA1 area of the dorsal hippocampus, prelimbic cortex, primary auditory cortex, and central inferior colliculus) involved in the generation of the MMN and its possible alterations in hyperammonemia. Granger causality analysis has been applied to detect the net flow of information between the population neuronal activities recorded from a local field potential approach.
Analyze if altered MMN response in hyperammonemia is associated with alterations in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. Extracellular levels of the neurotransmitters and/or membrane expression of their receptors have been analyzed after the tissue isolation of the four target sites.
The results show that rats with chronic hyperammonemia show reduced MMN response in hippocampus, mimicking the reduced MMN response of patients with MHE. This is associated with altered functional connectivity between the areas involved in the generation of the MMN. Hyperammonemia also alters membrane expression of glutamate and GABA receptors in hippocampus and reduces the changes in extracellular GABA and glutamate induced by the MMN paradigm of auditory stimulus in hippocampus of control rats. The changes in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission and in functional connectivity between the brain areas analyzed would contribute to the impairment of the MMN response in rats with hyperammonemia and, likely, also in patients with MHE.
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Feeling obligated yet hesitant to speak up: Investigating the curvilinear relationship between LMX and employee promotive voice
Authors: Carnevale Joel B. , Huang Lei , Uhl‐Bien Mary , Harris Stanley 
Published: December 2019

Recent LMX research suggests that due to boundary conditions, the benefits of high‐quality LMX relationships may not be as straightforward as previously thought. In the voice domain, meta‐analytic evidence further shows that there is substantial variation in the effect sizes reported for the relationship between LMX and voice behaviour. To develop a more thorough understanding of the nature of the LMX–voice relationship, in the present study we draw from LMX theory and the voice literature to theorize and test the curvilinear indirect effect of LMX on employee promotive voice via employees’ felt obligation for constructive change (FOCC). We suggest that this curvilinear effect is contingent on employees’ perceptions of co‐worker voice behaviours and leader solicitation of voice. Survey data collected from 256 employees and their supervising manager working at a large Chinese Internet finance company largely support our predictions. Our findings show that at low‐to‐moderately high levels, LMX is positively associated with promotive voice via FOCC. However, this positive relationship turns negative at very high level of LMX. Results also show a negative relationship between LMX and FOCC (and a negative indirect effect of LMX on promotive voice via FOCC) in the presence of higher levels of co‐worker voice or lower levels of leader solicitation of voice. Contributions to the LMX and voice literatures are discussed. Limitations and future directions are also discussed.Practitioner points

High‐quality LMX relationship is not always beneficial to organizations as it may discourage employees from speaking up with new ideas or suggestions at very high levels of LMX.

When co‐workers voice, employees are less likely to speak up with new ideas or suggestions as they feel their obligation to improve the organization may already be fulfilled by others.

Leader solicitation can effectively encourage employee voice in high LMX relationships.
Consumer profiling techniques for cosmetic formulation definition
Authors: Martins Vaniele B. , Bordim Jéssica , Bom Gabrielli A. P. , Carvalho Juliana G. D. S. , Parabocz Cristiane R. B. , Mitterer Daltoé Marina L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe successful development of a novel cosmetic product depends on sensory perceptions. Successful results using consumer‐profiling techniques involving cosmetic samples with different characteristics have been reported. However, the use of sensory descriptive techniques by consumers for similar cosmetic samples requires further research. The objective of this study was to evaluate the application of two consumer‐profiling techniques, Intensity Scale and Flash Profile, as instruments for characterization and/or definition of ingredient concentrations in cosmetic formulations. Intensity scales and flash profiling techniques were evaluated in two groups of female consumers. The results showed behavior for the two methods of low consumer consensus and high discrimination of the samples regarding multidimensional aspects. The results indicated that the application of the two descriptive methods with consumers is valid for guiding the definition of the cosmetic formulation, but less effective at detecting smaller differences among formulations. The results also indicated thickness and absorption as being important descriptors of cosmetic emulsions for consumers.Practical ApplicationsThe cosmetic industry is expanding and along with this growth, there is a need for ingredients with natural appeal. Since ingredients are developed not only for their perception of effectiveness but for also sensory perception, an alliance between consumers sensory perception and the development of cosmetic products becomes important. Due to a lack of studies of the issue, the present study seeks to evaluate the efficacy of two consumer‐profiling techniques in characterization and/or definition of ingredient concentrations in cosmetic formulations. These results contribute to the advancement of sensory, consumer, and cosmetic science.
Advances in the mechanism of high copper diets in restraining pigs growth
Authors: Gao Yang , Yang Wenyan , Che Dongsheng , Adams Seidu , Yang Lianyu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHigh copper feed has been widely used as an inexpensive and highly effective feed additive to promote growth performance of pigs. However, long‐term feeding of high copper feed may reduce the growth‐promoting effects of copper, time‐dependent accumulation of copper in animal tissues and organs, and copper toxicity thereby reducing the growth performance of pigs. Due to the widespread effects of high copper supplementation in animals' diets, the benefits and drawbacks of high copper feeding in pigs have been reported in several studies. Meanwhile, few of these studies have systematically described the mechanism by which high copper diets restrain pig growth. Therefore, to address the concerns and give a better understanding of the mechanism of high copper diet in restraining pig growth in different systems, this paper reviews the research progress of long‐term supplementation of high copper on the growth of pigs and provides some suggestions and further research directions.