bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and visual outcomes of work-related open globe injuries in Japanese patients
Authors: Morikawa Shohei , Okamoto Fumiki , Okamoto Yoshifumi , Mitamura Yoshinori , Ishikawa Hiroto , Harimoto Kozo , Ueda Tetsuo , Sakamoto Taiji , Sugitani Kazuhiko , Sawada Osamu , Mori Junya , Takamura Yoshihiro , Oshika Tetsuro ,   Japan-Clinical Research of Study (J-CREST) group, Inomoto Naoki , Gomi Fumi , Takeuchi Masaru , Ogata Nahoko , Yamashita Toshifumi , Otsuka Hiroki , Sameshima Seiji , Shiihara Hideki , Hirano Yoshio , Yasukawa Tsutomu , Ohji Masahito , Kinoshita Takamasa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics and visual outcomes of patients with work-related open globe injuries (OGIs) and compare them with patients with non-work-related OGIs. Design: Retrospective, observational, multicentre, case-control study. Methods: A total of 374 patients with work-related OGIs and 170 patients with non-work-related OGIs who presented to hospitals that belong to the Japan-Clinical Research of Study group from 2005 to 2015 were included in this study. Clinical data including age, sex, initial and final visual acuity, type of open globe injury, lens status, zone of injury, wound length, and presence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy, retinal detachment, expulsive haemorrhage, and endophthalmitis were recorded. Main Outcome Measures: Visual acuity. Results Work-related OGIs were associated with younger age, male sex, better initial and final visual acuity, more laceration, smaller wounds, presence of retinal detachment, and expulsive haemorrhage, compared with non-work-related OGIs. Multiple regression analysis revealed that final visual acuity is significantly associated with initial visual acuity, wound length, and the presence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy in work-related OGIs. Conclusions: Work-related OGIs showed better visual outcomes than other OGIs. Initial visual acuity, wound length, and the presence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy are predictors of visual outcomes in patients with work-related OGIs.
Optical trapping reveals differences in dielectric and optical properties of copper nanoparticles compared to their oxides and ferrites
Authors: Purohit Pablo , Samadi Akbar , Bendix Poul Martin , Laserna J. Javier , Oddershede Lene B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn a nanoplasmonic context, copper (Cu) is a potential and interesting surrogate to less accessible metals such as gold, silver or platinum. We demonstrate optical trapping of individual Cu nanoparticles with diameters between 25 and 70 nm and of two ionic Cu nanoparticle species, CuFe2O4 and CuZnFe2O4, with diameters of 90 nm using a near infrared laser and quantify their interaction with the electromagnetic field experimentally and theoretically. We find that, despite the similarity in size, the trapping stiffness and polarizability of the ferrites are significantly lower than those of Cu nanoparticles, thus inferring a different light-particle interaction. One challenge with using Cu nanoparticles in practice is that upon exposure to the normal atmosphere, Cu is spontaneously passivated by an oxide layer, thus altering its physicochemical properties. We theoretically investigate how the presence of an oxide layer influences the optical properties of Cu nanoparticles. Comparisons to experimental observations infer that oxidation of CuNPs is minimal during optical trapping. By finite element modelling we map out the expected temperature increase of the plasmonic Cu nanoparticles during optical trapping and retrieve temperature increases high enough to change the catalytic properties of the particles.
Adaptability, resilience and environmental buffering in European Refugia during the Late Pleistocene: Insights from La Riera Cave (Asturias, Cantabria, Spain)
Authors: Jones Jennifer R. , Marín-Arroyo Ana B. , Straus Lawrence G. , Richards Michael P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Upper Palaeolithic in Europe was a time of extensive climatic changes that impacted on the survival and distribution of human populations. During the Late Glacial Maximum (LGM), southern European peninsulas were refugia for flora, fauna, and human groups. One of these refugia, the Cantabrian region (northern Atlantic Spain), was intensively occupied throughout the Upper Palaeolithic. Characterising how climatic events were expressed in local environments is crucial to understand human and animal survival. La Riera Cave (Asturias) has a rich geo-cultural sequence dating between 20.5kyr BP to 6.5kyr BP and represents an ideal location in which to explore this. Stable isotope analysis of red deer and ibex is used alongside other environmental and climatic proxies to reconstruct Late Upper Palaeolithic conditions. Results show that during the LGM, ibex adapted their niche to survive, and became a major prey species for humans. The diverse environmental opportunities offered in the high-relief and coastal environs of La Riera may help to explain the high human population levels in the Cantabrian Region throughout the Late Upper Palaeolithic. Despite fluctuating conditions, herbivores and humans had the flexibility and resilience to adapt, demonstrating the importance of southern European refugia for the survival of different species.
Zika virus infection leads to mitochondrial failure, oxidative stress and DNA damage in human iPSC-derived astrocytes
Authors: Ledur Pítia Flores , Karmirian Karina , Pedrosa Carolina da Silva Gouveia , Souza Leticia Rocha Quintino , Assis-de-Lemos Gabriela , Martins Thiago Martino , Ferreira Jéssica de Cassia Cavalheiro Gomes , de Azevedo Reis Gabriel Ferreira , Silva Eduardo Santos , Silva Débora , Salerno José Alexandre , Ornelas Isis Moraes , Devalle Sylvie , Madeiro da Costa Rodrigo Furtado , Goto-Silva Livia , Higa Luiza Mendonça , Melo Adriana , Tanuri Amilcar , Chimelli Leila , Murata Marcos Massao , Garcez Patrícia Pestana , Filippi-Chiela Eduardo Cremonese , Galina Antonio , Borges Helena Lobo , Rehen Stevens Kastrup 
Published: January 2020

AbstractZika virus (ZIKV) has been extensively studied since it was linked to congenital malformations, and recent research has revealed that astrocytes are targets of ZIKV. However, the consequences of ZIKV infection, especially to this cell type, remain largely unknown, particularly considering integrative studies aiming to understand the crosstalk among key cellular mechanisms and fates involved in the neurotoxicity of the virus. Here, the consequences of ZIKV infection in iPSC-derived astrocytes are presented. Our results show ROS imbalance, mitochondrial defects and DNA breakage, which have been previously linked to neurological disorders. We have also detected glial reactivity, also present in mice and in post-mortem brains from infected neonates from the Northeast of Brazil. Given the role of glia in the developing brain, these findings may help to explain the observed effects in congenital Zika syndrome related to neuronal loss and motor deficit.
Fenugreek Counters the Effects of High Fat Diet on Gut Microbiota in Mice: Links to Metabolic Benefit
Authors: Bruce-Keller Annadora J. , Richard Allison J. , Fernandez-Kim Sun-Ok , Ribnicky David M. , Salbaum J. Michael , Newman Susan , Carmouche Richard , Stephens Jacqueline M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) is an annual herbaceous plant and a staple of traditional health remedies for metabolic conditions including high cholesterol and diabetes. While the mechanisms of the beneficial actions of fenugreek remain unknown, a role for intestinal microbiota in metabolic homeostasis is likely. To determine if fenugreek utilizes intestinal bacteria to offset the adverse effects of high fat diets, C57BL/6J mice were fed control/low fat (CD) or high fat (HFD) diets each supplemented with or without 2% (w/w) fenugreek for 16 weeks. The effects of fenugreek and HFD on gut microbiota were comprehensively mapped and then statistically assessed in relation to effects on metrics of body weight, hyperlipidemia, and glucose tolerance. 16S metagenomic analyses revealed robust and significant effects of fenugreek on gut microbiota, with alterations in both alpha and beta diversity as well as taxonomic redistribution under both CD and HFD conditions. As previously reported, fenugreek attenuated HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and stabilized glucose tolerance without affecting body weight. Finally, fenugreek specifically reversed the dysbiotic effects of HFD on numerous taxa in a manner tightly correlated with overall metabolic function. Collectively, these data reinforce the essential link between gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome and suggest that the preservation of healthy populations of gut microbiota participates in the beneficial properties of fenugreek in the context of modern Western-style diets.
Palliative Liver Radiotherapy (RT) for Symptomatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
Authors: Yeung Cynthia S. Y. , Chiang C. L. , Wong Natalie S. M. , Ha S. K. , Tsang K. S. , Ho Connie H. M. , Wang B. , Lee Venus W. Y. , Chan Mark K. H. , Lee Francis A. S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study aims at evaluating the symptom response, response duration, and toxicity of single dose palliative liver radiotherapy (RT) for symptomatic HCC patients. We reviewed unresectable HCC patients treated with palliative RT in our institution. Eligible patients were unsuitable or refractory to trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), with an index symptom of pain or abdominal discomfort. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients with clinical improvement of index symptom at 1 month. Secondary outcomes were response duration, toxicities, alpha-feto protein (AFP) response, and radiological response. Fifty-two patients were included in the study. The index symptom was pain in 34 patients (65.4%), and abdominal discomfort (34.6%) in 18 patients. At 1 month, 51.9% of patients had improvement of symptoms. Median time to symptom progression was 89 days (range: 12–392 days). Treatment was well tolerated with only 2 patients (3.8%) developing grade 3 GI toxicities. AFP response, radiological response rate, and disease control rate at 3 months were 48.6%, 15.1%, and 54.5% respectively. Half of the patients had improvement of index symptoms after receiving palliative liver RT with median response duration of 3 months. The treatment was well tolerated with minimal toxicities.
Gene-Related Response of Basal Cell Carcinoma to Biologic Treatment with Vismodegib
Authors: Sternfeld Amir , Rosenwasser-Weiss Shirel , Ben-Yehuda Gur , Shefer Hila Kreizman , Friedman-Gohas Moran , Yassur Iftach , Tauber Gil , Bejar Jacob , Olshinka Asaf , Vardizer Yoav , Ad El Dean , Goldenberg-Cohen Nitza 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe aimed to characterise the response of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC) to systemic treatment with Vismodegib, a Hedgehog pathway inhibitor, by changes in the expression levels of Hedgehog pathway genes. Data were collected prospectively on 12 patients treated systemically for locally advanced BCC. Biopsy samples taken on admission and after treatment cessation were analysed pathologically and with the NanoString nCounter system to quantify the expression of 40 Hedgehog signaling pathway genes. Findings were compared before and after treatment, between complete and partial responders, and with localised BCC samples from 22 patients. Sixteen Hedgehog pathway genes changed significantly from before to after treatment. GAS1 was the only gene with a significantly different expression at baseline between complete responders (6 patients) and partial responders (4 patients) to Vismodegib (P = 0.014). GAS, GLIS2 and PRKACG1 showed different expression before treatment between the locally advanced and localised BCCs. The baseline expression level of GAS1 appears to be predictive of the response of locally advanced BCC to systemic Vismodegib treatment. A change in expression of many Hedgehog pathway genes, albeit expected by the known activity of Vismodegib, may nevertheless serve as an indicator of the response potential of the tumour.
Cancer cell’s neuroendocrine feature can be acquired through cell-cell fusion during cancer-neural stem cell interaction
Authors: Yin Liyuan , Hu Peizhen , Shi Xianping , Qian Weiping , Zhau Haiyen E. , Pandol Stephen J. , Lewis Michael S. , Chung Leland W. K. , Wang Ruoxiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAdvanced and therapy-resistant prostate tumors often display neural or neuroendocrine behavior. We assessed the consequences of prostate cancer cell interaction with neural cells, which are rich in the human prostate and resident of the prostate tumor. In 3-dimensional co-culture with neurospheres, red fluorescent human LNCaP cells formed agglomerates on the neurosphere surface. Upon induced neural differentiation, some red fluorescent cells showed morphology of fully differentiated neural cells, indicating fusion between the cancer and neural stem cells. These fusion hybrids survived for extended times in a quiescent state. A few eventually restarted cell division and propagated to form derivative hybrid progenies. Clones of the hybrid progenies were highly heterogeneous; most had lost prostatic and epithelial markers while some had acquired neural marker expression. These results indicate that cancer cells can fuse with bystander neural cells in the tumor microenvironment; and cancer cell fusion is a direct route to tumor cell heterogeneity.
Sex differences in Tfh cell help to B cells contribute to sexual dimorphism in severity of rat collagen-induced arthritis
Authors: Dimitrijević Mirjana , Arsenović-Ranin Nevena , Kosec Duško , Bufan Biljana , Nacka-Aleksić Mirjana , Pilipović Ivan , Leposavić Gordana 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe study examined germinal centre (GC) reaction in lymph nodes draining inflamed joints and adjacent tissues (dLNs) in male and female Dark Agouti rat collagen type II (CII)-induced arthritis (CIA) model of rheumatoid arthritis. Female rats exhibiting the greater susceptibility to CIA mounted stronger serum CII-specific IgG response than their male counterparts. This correlated with the higher frequency of GC B cells in female compared with male dLNs. Consistently, the frequency of activated/proliferating Ki-67+ cells among dLN B cells was higher in females than in males. This correlated with the shift in dLN T follicular regulatory (Tfr)/T follicular helper (Tfh) cell ratio towards Tfh cells in females, and greater densities of CD40L and CD40 on their dLN T and B cells, respectively. The higher Tfh cell frequency in females was consistent with the greater dLN expression of mRNA for IL-21/27, the key cytokines involved in Tfh cell generation and their help to B cells. Additionally, in CII-stimulated female rat dLN cell cultures IFN-γ/IL-4 production ratio was shifted towards IFN-γ. Consistently, the serum IgG2a(b)/IgG1 CII-specific antibody ratio was shifted towards an IgG2a(b) response in females. Thus, targeting T-/B-cell interactions should be considered in putative further sex-based translational pharmacology research.
Quantitative analysis of therapeutic response in psoriatic arthritis of digital joints with Dual-energy CT iodine maps
Authors: Kayama Reina , Fukuda Takeshi , Ogiwara Sho , Momose Mami , Tokashiki Tadashi , Umezawa Yoshinori , Asahina Akihiko , Fukuda Kunihiko 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of quantitative assessment of the therapeutic response in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) by measuring iodine uptake using a Dual-energy CT (DECT) iodine map. The study included 74 symptomatic and 74 matching non-symptomatic joints of 26 consecutive PsA patients who underwent two contrast enhanced DECTs of the hand or foot, pre and post medical interventions. Symptomatic and matched non-symptomatic control joints were scored with the PsA DECT Scoring System (PsADECTS), which was derived by modifying the PsA MRI Scoring System (PsAMRIS), a recently validated scoring system that assesses PsA changes on MRI. Quantified iodine uptake measured using the DECT iodine map was compared to the PsADECTS score. Efficacy of PsA treatment was confirmed by the improved clinical findings. Both PsADECTS and iodine uptake also showed significant improvement after treatment (Wilcoxon signed-rank test: z = 7.38, p < 0.005; z = 6.20, p < 0.005, respectively). The treatment effects of PsADECTS score and iodine uptake showed a good correlation with each other (Spearman’s ρ = 0.58 p < 0.005). Inter-reader agreement for PsADECTS score and iodine uptake were either moderate or good. In conclusion, our study showed that the DECT iodine map is a valid tool for quantitative assessment of the therapeutic response of PsA.
Coulomb explosion of CD3I induced by single photon deep inner-shell ionisation
Authors: Wallner M. , Eland J. H. D. , Squibb R. J. , Andersson J. , Roos A. Hult , Singh R. , Talaee O. , Koulentianos D. , Piancastelli M. N. , Simon M. , Feifel R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractL-shell ionisation and subsequent Coulomb explosion of fully deuterated methyl iodide, CD3I, irradiated with hard X-rays has been examined by a time-of-flight multi-ion coincidence technique. The core vacancies relax efficiently by Auger cascades, leading to charge states up to 16+. The dynamics of the Coulomb explosion process are investigated by calculating the ions’ flight times numerically based on a geometric model of the experimental apparatus, for comparison with the experimental data. A parametric model of the explosion, previously introduced for multi-photon induced Coulomb explosion, is applied in numerical simulations, giving good agreement with the experimental results for medium charge states. Deviations for higher charges suggest the need to include nuclear motion in a putatively more complete model. Detection efficiency corrections from the simulations are used to determine the true distributions of molecular charge states produced by initial L1, L2 and L3 ionisation.
A longitudinal study of pupillary light reflex in 6- to 24-month children
Authors: Kercher Clare , Azinfar Leila , Dinalankara Dinalankara M. R. , Takahashi T. Nicole , Miles Judith H. , Yao Gang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPupillary light reflex (PLR) is an involuntary response where the pupil size changes with luminance. Studies have shown that PLR response was altered in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and other neurological disorders. However, PLR in infants and toddlers is still understudied. We conducted a longitudinal study to investigate PLR in children of 6–24 months using a remote pupillography device. The participants are categorized into two groups. The ‘high risk’ (HR) group includes children with one or more siblings diagnosed with ASDs; whereas the ‘low risk’ (LR) group includes children without an ASD diagnosis in the family history. The participants’ PLR was measured every six months until the age of 24 months. The results indicated a significant age effect in multiple PLR parameters including resting pupil radius, minimal pupil radius, relative constriction, latency, and response time. In addition, the HR group had a significantly larger resting and minimal pupil size than the LR group. The experimental data acquired in this study revealed not only general age-related PLR changes in infants and toddlers, but also different PLRs in children with a higher risk of ASD.
Kinetics of the radiative and nonradiative recombination in polar and semipolar InGaN quantum wells
Authors: Marona Lucja , Schiavon Dario , Baranowski Michał , Kudrawiec Robert , Gorczyca Iza , Kafar Anna , Perlin Piotr 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe studied mechanisms of recombination in InGaN quantum wells in polar and semipolar structures. Photoluminescence measurements show that the optical emission linewidths for polar and semipolar structures are almost identical suggesting the same level of indium fluctuations in quanutm wells. Their “peak-energy-versus-temperature” relations demonstrate very pronounced “s-shape” effect. Emission linewidth measured by cathodoluminescence does not depend on area from which the light is collected meaning that the fluctuations are smaller that 100 nm. The time scale of recombination process are of the order of 80 ns for polar and 2 ns for semipolar. Energy dispersion of the recombination time is strong in polar structures and very weak in semipolar ones which can be interperted in terms of electric field influence on photoluminescence lifetime energy dispersion. At room temparture emmission is dominated by Schockley-Hall-Read recombination and does not show any dispersion. Rate equation analysis of photoluminescence transients show domination of excitonic recombination in the case of polar samples (low temperature) and bimolecular in the case of semipolar ones. Both types of quantum wells, polar and semipolar look similar from the point of view of localization but differ in their radiative recombination mechanisms.
Adaptive optical beam steering and tuning system based on electrowetting driven fluidic rotor
Authors: Cheng Weifeng , Liu Jiansheng , Zheng Zheng , He Xukun , Zheng Bowen , Zhang Hualiang , Cui Huachen , Zheng Xiaoyu , Zheng Tao , Gnade Bruce E. , Cheng Jiangtao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractReconfigurable beam steering components are indispensable to support optical and photonic network systems operating with high adaptability and with various functions. Currently, almost all such components are made of solid parts whose structures are rigid, and hence their functions are difficult to be reconfigured. Also, optical concentration beam steering is still a very challenging problem compared to radio frequency/microwave steering. Here we show a watermill-like beam steering system that can adaptively guide concentrating optical beam to targeted receivers. The system comprises a liquid droplet actuation mechanism based on electrowetting-on-dielectric, a superlattice-structured rotation hub, and an enhanced optical reflecting membrane. The specular reflector can be adaptively tuned within the lateral orientation of 360°, and the steering speed can reach ~353.5° s−1. This work demonstrates the feasibility of driving a macro-size solid structure with liquid microdroplets, opening a new avenue for developing reconfigurable components such as optical switches in next-generation sensor networks.
A novel protein biochip screening serum anti-sperm antibody expression and natural pregnancy rate in a follow-up study in Chinese infertility
Authors: Xu Feihong , Ye Lei , Hu Yuan , Cai Chengyun , Wang Zhen , Fan Liqing , Song Lihua , Xu Zhenshan , Du Weidong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProduction of anti-sperm antibody (ASA) often suffers from autoimmune reaction against sperms in human infertility. The antibodies are measured in both blood and seminal plasma of males. Here, we reported a simple protein biochip methodology that takes advantage of a functionalized self-assembled monolayer modified by N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and enables identification of anti-sperm antibody in Chinese male infertility. To validate this biochip platform, we immobilized purified sperm protein on the biochip surface and tested a variety of parameters in quality controls for the protein assay, respectively. Then, we analyzed serum samples from 368 patients with infertility and 116 healthy donors by means of this biochip simultaneously. We found that positive rate of serum ASA was 20.92% (77/368) in the cases and 1.72% (2/116) in the controls, respectively. Furthermore, we further corroborated the biochip assay in comparison with ELISA method. We found that both methods were compatible for the detection of serum ASA in the patients. In addition, a follow-up study for natural conception in ASA-positive and ASA-negative patients was conducted. The result showed a significant correlation between serum ASA expression and natural pregnancy rate 6.5% in ASA-positive patients while 18.9% in ASA-negative patients, indicating the potential roles of ASA in naturally reproductive processes.