bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kredit UMKM di Provinsi Aceh: Analisis Empiris Vector Error Correction Model (VECM)
Authors: Hamdani Hamdani , Ismail Ismail , Murhadi Thasrif 
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of regional gross domestic product, non-performing loans, and loan interest rates on credit absorption by SMEs in Aceh province in the long term. The data used is secondary data in the form of a quarter 1st quarter 1995 to third quarter 2015. The model used in this study is a model of Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to find out the results of short-term estimates, and using Johansen cointegration test to determine the relationship long-term between variables. The data used in this study has been tested with Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) to determine the stationary data. Based on this study it was found that in the long term there is a cointegration relationship between the variables studied. In the short term, the variables affecting the gross regional domestic product and has a one-way relationship with SME loans while variable interest rates have a causal relationship with SME loans in Aceh province, while the NPL variable does not have a causal relationship with SME loans. Keywords: SME Loans, Gross Domestic Product, Non Performimg Loan, Interest Rates, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM).
Narrativa de uma experiência na pós-graduação: Entre os vícios do presencial e a presença do digital
Authors: Camas Nuria Pons Vilardell , Souza Fernando Roberto Amorim , Costa Carmen Sílvia 
Published: October 2020

O presente trabalho pretende trazer o olhar acerca da concepção da modalidade a distância, do denominado ensino remoto e apresentar uma experiência que está sendo realizada em plena pandemia, num olhar de professor-pesquisador da área, que vem tratando desde abril de 2020 com algumas disciplinas ofertadas na Universidade Federal do Paraná, de modo a se poder observar quais desafios foram encontrados pela professora em seu papel de formadora. Partiu-se do problema de como o professor de ensino superior desenvolve sua prática pedagógica em uma modalidade não presencial, quais desafios enfrentou, quais mudanças foram e são necessárias? O Objetivo geral deste estudo é realizar uma análise inicial da prática pedagógica de um professor do ensino superior em sua experiência em período emergencial com aulas a distância de forma síncrona e assíncrona. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, empírica, que se constrói a partir do olhar-experiência e da narrativa pessoal que se construiu e se constrói desde abril de 2020. Trar-se-á a vivência e as reflexões da professora pesquisadora com seus orientandos no que concerne à leitura das narrativas pessoais e a tentativa de não desviar de seu foco central: as aprendizagens. Não se tem a intenção de esgotar a temática que aqui se trará, assim como, por se tratar de uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, exploratória, portanto, empírica e interpretativa, tentar-se-á explorar a experiência aqui trazida.
DYNAMICS OF THE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF THE POPULATION – UNKNOWN FORECAST CAPABILITIES
Authors: Gaydenok Nikolay 
Published: October 2020

The paper describes the evolutionary and ecological features of the functioning
and genetic structure of the classical multi-rake semi-anadromous muksun in
the Yenisei. By modeling the dynamics of the genetic and age structures of the
population, it is shown that it is possible to determine MSY based on the dynamics
of the subordinate winter race individuals appearance at the Upper Spawning
grounds.
ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FISHING FLEET OUTSIDE THE RUSSIAN EEZ TO MINIMIZE POTENTIAL IUU FISHING AND IMPACT ON VULNERABLE MARINE ECOSYSTEMS
Authors: Belyaev Vladimir , Zgurovsky Konstantin 
Published: October 2020

Russia is now on the 4th place in terms of total actual catch in the world.
Despite the fact that the main part of the Russian catch is in the Russian
exclusive economic zone (EEZ), many companies have started to look for
new fishing areas and targets beyond the waters of national jurisdiction
(ABNJ). Our analysis shows that the largest share of fish harvested by
Russia outside its EEZ is in NEAFC areas, the North West Pacific area is quite
promising as well. Preliminary analysis showed some signs of insufficiently
controlled activity of the Russian fleet in the areas of ABNJ. This requires
additional efforts to improve the monitoring system, especially in "restricted
areas”, marine protected areas (MPAs) and areas of reproduction.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik dan Pakan Alternatif Ternak Bagi Kelompok Tani dan Karang Taruna Desa Bedono Karangduwur
Authors: Arifin Hanung Dhidik , Widiastuti Rina 
Published: October 2020

Desa Bedono Karangduwur memiliki potensi bibit tanaman yang unggul, namun dalam proses perawatannya terkendala pada pemupukan. Petani maupun pembibit dalam teknik pemupukan belum menggunakan dosis anjuran. Melalalui kegiatan kuliah kerja nyata Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo di desa Bedono Karangduwur, melaksanakan program unggulan berupa pelatihan pembuatan pupuk organik dan pakan alternatif ternak. Peserta kegiatan ini adalah anggota kelompok tani dan karang taruna Desa Bedono Karangduwur. Hasil dari pelaksanaan kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan ini berupa peengetahuan peserta pelatihan tentang pentingnya komposisi pupuk dalam proses pemupukan sehingga tanaman menajdi sehat dan subur. Luaran pelatihan berupa produk pupuk organik dan pakan ternak alternatif yang siap digunakan. Guna memberikan nilai ekonomis bagi warga, maka diberikan pula mekanisme labelling dan marketing terkait pupuk organik.
Desiminasi Hasil Penelitian: Pemrosesan Informasi Sosial Pembelajaran Berbicara Bahasa Jawa Dengan Pendekatan Komunikatif di Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Widiyono Yuli , Rochimansyah Rochimansyah , Setyowati Herlina 
Published: October 2020

Pendekatan komunikatif dilandasi pengertian bahasa sebagai sarana mengungkapkan makna fungsional lewat kompetensi kebahasaan, wacana, sosiokultural, dan kompetensi aksional. Pendekatan komunikatif ini menekankan keterampilan kebahasaan dan kompetensi komunikatif dalam praktik berbahasa Jawa yaitu bisa menyampaikan komunikasi menggunakan bahasa Jawa sesuai dengan fungsi imperatif, deklaratif, interogatif dengan berbagai modus yang disajikan. Pengembangan dari model pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan karakter dalam materi pembelajaran akan sangat berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan proses pembelajaran. Model Pemrosesan informasi soisal merupakan model pembelajaran yang menekankan kemampuan pembelajar untuk membentuk makna dengan memperoleh, mengolah data, dan menghasilkan solusi-solusi yang tepat terhadap masalah, serta mengembangkan konsep bahasa dalam berinteraksi untuk mempersiapkan dalam mengembangkan proses pembelajaran yang demokratis dan terpadu, baik dalam tataran pribadi maupun sosial serta meningkatkan kegiatan berbasis demokrasi sosial yang produktif.
Comparison of effectiveness of 7.5% Povidone-iodine with 1% Clotrimazole ear drops and lignocaine in Otomycosis
Authors: Aziz Tabassum , Qureshi Nousheen , Khawaja Mahwash , Ulfat Rida , Muhammad Tahir , Malik Anum 
Published: October 2020

Objectives: Our study is comparing the effectiveness of 7.5% Povidone-iodine with 1% Clotrimazole ear drops and lignocaine in the management of Otomycosis to highlight the importance of replacing conventional antifungals in routine practice.
Setting: Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Study design: A prospective randomized control trial
Methodology: This study was conducted for 12 months in our institute from July 2014 to June 2015. A total number of 148 patients with clinically diagnosed Otomycosis between the age group 15 to 55 years were studied. All patients with a clinical diagnosis of Otomycosis presenting with all four features of earache, itching, ear-blockage, and ear discharge in ENT OPD were included. Ear swabs were taken and sent for fungal culture. Patients were divided into A and B groups each comprising of 74 patients. Group A received 1% Clotrimazole ear drops and lignocaine and group B received 7.5% Povidone-iodine for 14 days after the results of cultures were received. At the end of 14 days, patients of both groups were compared based on the resolution of symptoms and signs.
Results: At the end of 14 days, 32 out of 74 patients (43%) in group A receiving 1% Clotrimazole ear drops and lignocaine reported resolution of all symptoms, and 52 out of 74 patients(70%) showed complete resolution of all signs, while in group B,68 out of 74 patients(91%) showed complete resolution of symptoms and 69 out of 74 patients (93%) showed complete resolution of signs. Our study showed significant improvement in signs and symptoms of Otomycosis achieved by treatment with 7.5% Povidone-iodine compared to that achieved by 1% Clotrimazole ear drops and lignocaine.
Conclusion: 7.5% Povidone-iodine is a more effective antifungal agent in the treatment of Otomycosis as compared to 1% Clotrimazole ear drops and lignocaine.
Bacteriological Profile and their Susceptibility Pattern in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Tertiary Care Hospital in Wah
Authors: Mushtaq Saba , Ashraf Sohail , Ghazal Lubna , Zahid Rida , Hussain Basharat , Dr Jamila 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by multiple symptoms and signs of infection during the first month of life. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of commonly isolated bacteria from patients of neonatal sepsis and their susceptibility patterns in POF hospital at Wah.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in POF Hospital Neonatal intensive care unit and Microbiology laboratory from January 2018 to December 2019. The blood samples of patients suspected with neonatal sepsis were processed as per standard methodology.
Results: Out of ninety blood samples, fifty-one (56.7%) yielded the growth of Gram-negative rods and thirty-nine (43.3%) yielded Gram-positive cocci. Among Gram-positive bacteria, coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most common pathogen isolated from 53.8% cases followed by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (15.3%). Among Gram-negative bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae (54.90%) was the most frequently identified bacteria followed by Serratia marcescens (27.45%). The Gram-positive cocci were the most susceptible to linezolid (100%) followed by vancomycin (87.2%). The Gram-negative rods depict remarkable resistance to ciprofloxacin (92.2%), gentamicin (100%), and meropenem (54.9%).
Conclusions: The study concluded a predominance of Gram-negative bacteria as a causative agent of neonatal sepsis in our setup. The bacterial isolates are highly resistant to commonly prescribed oral as well as injectable antibiotics. Implementation of infection control policies is a dire need to combat the grave situation of increasing antibiotic resistance.
Comparison of Slow versus Rapid Feeding Regimen in Preterm Neonates in the reduction of hospital stay
Authors: Fayyaz Madiha , Haider Shahzad , Khan Abdul Hameed , Nazir Sajid , Hassan Alina , Hussain Sajjad 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: In preterm babies delay in the achievement of full feeds causes prolonged hospital stay. This study will help in the nutritional management of preterm babies which will shorten the hospital stay and reduce the economic burdens on parents.
Objective: To compare the mean duration of hospital stay of preterm neonates with two different feeding protocols(slow feeding regimen versus rapid feeding regimen).
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the neonatal unit at Izzat Ali Shah Hospital from October 2019 to March 2020 through a randomized controlled trial. A total of 102 (51 in each group) were randomized to slow feeding (Group A) and Rapid feeding(Group B). Depending on the birth weight and gestational age, a certain amount of breast milk was initiated, with increments of 15-20 mL/kg/day in the slow feeding group & 25-30 ml/kg/day in the rapid feeding group. Feeding was stopped temporarily in case of any sign of feeding intolerance, suspected necrotizing enterocolitis, recurrent apnoeic episodes, and neonatal seizures. The total target feed was 180 ml/kg per day. Infants were continued in the study until discharged from the hospital.
Results: Our study shows that the mean gestational agein Group A (Slow feeding) was 34 weeks with SD ± 2.68 while the mean gestational agein Group B (Rapid feeding) was 35 weeks with SD ± 1.98. In Group A (Slow feeding) 55% neonates were male while 45% neonates were female. Whereas in Group B (Rapid feeding) 57% neonates were male while 43% neonates were female. In Group A (Slow feeding) mean hospital stay was 22 days with SD ± 7.02. In Group B (Rapid feeding) mean hospital stay was 13 days with SD ± 3.72.
Conclusion: Our study concludes that mean hospital stay in the rapid advancement of feeds was shorter as compared to the slow feeding of preterm neonates.
Acute Pancreatitis severity scoring index: Prospective study to identify determinants in Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Tanveer , Hanif Muhammad , Ghazanfor Ramlah , Arslan Sarmad , Nawaz Ibia , Umar Muhammad 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The purpose of the study was to compare different parameters used in Ranson’s Criteria, Bedside Index of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE-II), and modified computed tomography severity index (MCTSI) for predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis and formulate a new scoring system to assess the severity of acute pancreatitis based on their prognostic severity index in the local population.
Materials and Methods: This prospective pilot study was conducted at Rawalpindi Medical University allied hospitals from August 2019 to December 2019. All patients with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis were included in the study through non-probability convenient sampling. Different scoring parameters were entered into standardized proforma.
Results: 100 patients were included in the pilot study with a mean age of 46.53 ± 15.324. Among 24 parameters from APACHE-II, Ranson’s, BISAP, and MCTSI, only 11 parameters, Pleural effusion (PE), Pancreatic necrosis (PN), LDH, serum Calcium (Sca++), Pulse, GCS, MCTS1, Base deficit, Po2, BUN-24, and BUN-48 were significantly related(at 10% level of significance) with the severity of acute pancreatitis. Similarly out of 24, 10 parameters AST, LDH, Sca++, Pulse, PE, PN, Base deficit, MCTS1, Po2, and BUN 48were significantly covered more than 50% of the area in AUC analysis. Our proposed criteria based on 9 parameters LDH, Sca++, Pulse, PE, PN, Base deficit, MCTS1, Po2, and BUN 48which were blowing by the two methods (ANOVA and ROC). The sensitivity and specificity were higher with our proposed criteria 93.1% and 60.6%respectively as compared to the Ranson’s, modified Ranson, BISAP, and APACHE-II criteria.
Conclusion: The newly proposed criteria for the assessment of the severity of AP is superior as compared to old criteria.
E-learning: A way out in COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Shahid Rizwana , Mughal Arsalan Manzoor 
Published: October 2020

COVID-19 pandemic has not only negatively impacted the socio-economic attributes worldwide1 but also led to the confrontation of the education system with enormous challenges. This necessitated the immediate transition from face-to-face teaching to e-learning.2 This abrupt shift was primarily attributed to the need for social distancing due to the contagiousness of this disease and hence was intended to save humanity from coronavirus infection.3
Availing the e-learning alternatives for academic continuity in response to pandemic was the only solution. The teachers shared educational resources in the form of presentations, audio-visual videos, and documents, etc. by using assorted modalities like Microsoft Teams, Zoom, and Webinar.4 Although this exercise demanded stringent efforts of our teachers this bestowed them with an exhilarating opportunity to modify their pedagogical strategies.5
Lockdown imposition and abrupt closure of academic organizations considerably impacted the domain of higher studies. Everybody adapted to deliver their services remotely. The lectures, practicals, tutorials, examinations all were suspended with immediate effect amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.6 Although most of our students managed to attend online classes this modality was perceived inefficient in coverage of the whole curriculum in terms of acquisition of practical skills.7 No doubt synchronous and asynchronous teachings were done by using diverse instructional methods but adjustment of teaching pace, constructive feedback to the students’ assignments, and activation of students’ prior knowledge were reported to be immensely deficient.8
Resource-constrained countries profoundly faced problems in the smooth execution of virtual learning.9 Considerable uncertainties pertinent to COVID-19 along with limited facilities in the execution of prosperous e-learning academia made the scenario quite cumbersome. Tutors implicated in e-learning universally were dealt with issues of online connectivity, capacity building for proficient content delivery, and efficient interactivity with students.10 Designing an appropriate framework to bridge the gaps in e-learning conduction is deemed necessary for the provision of quality education without compromising the established standards amidst rampant outbreaks.
ZTF Early Observations of Type Ia Supernovae. II. First Light, the Initial Rise, and Time to Reach Maximum Brightness
Authors: Miller A. A. , Yao Y. , Bulla M. , Pankow C. , Bellm E. C. , Cenko S. B. , Dekany R. , Fremling C. , Graham M. J. , Kupfer T. , Laher R. R. , Mahabal A. A. , Masci F. J. , Nugent P. E. , Riddle R. , Rusholme B. , Smith R. M. , Shupe D. L. , Roestel J. van , Kulkarni S. R. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
While it is clear that Type Ia supernovae (SNe) are the result of thermonuclear explosions in C/O white dwarfs (WDs), a great deal remains uncertain about the binary companion that facilitates the explosive disruption of the WD. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of a large, unique data set of 127 SNe Ia with exquisite coverage by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). High-cadence (six observations per night) ZTF observations allow us to measure the SN rise time and examine its initial evolution. We develop a Bayesian framework to model the early rise as a power law in time, which enables the inclusion of priors in our model. For a volume-limited subset of normal SNe Ia, we find that the mean power-law index is consistent with 2 in the r
ZTF-band (

), as expected in the expanding fireball model. There are, however, individual SNe that are clearly inconsistent with

. We estimate a mean rise time of 18.9 days (with a range extending from ∼15 to 22 days), though this is subject to the adopted prior. We identify an important, previously unknown, bias whereby the rise times for higher-redshift SNe within a flux-limited survey are systematically underestimated. This effect can be partially alleviated if the power-law index is fixed to α = 2, in which case we estimate a mean rise time of 21.7 days (with a range from ∼18 to 23 days). The sample includes a handful of rare and peculiar SNe Ia. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of lessons learned from the ZTF sample that can eventually be applied to observations from the Vera C. Rubin Observatory.
ZTF Early Observations of Type Ia Supernovae. III. Early-time Colors As a Test for Explosion Models and Multiple Populations
Authors: Bulla Mattia , Miller Adam A. , Yao Yuhan , Dessart Luc , Dhawan Suhail , Papadogiannakis Semeli , Biswas Rahul , Goobar Ariel , Kulkarni S. R. , Nordin Jakob , Nugent Peter , Polin Abigail , Sollerman Jesper , Bellm Eric C. , Coughlin Michael W. , Dekany Richard , Golkhou V. Zach , Graham Matthew J. , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Kupfer Thomas , Laher Russ R. , Masci Frank J. , Porter Michael , Rusholme Ben , Shupe David L. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Colors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) in the first few days after explosion provide a potential discriminant between different models. In this paper, we present g − r colors of 65 SNe Ia discovered within 5 days from first light by the Zwicky Transient Facility in 2018, a sample that is about three times larger than that in the literature. We find that g − r colors are intrinsically rather homogeneous at early phases, with about half of the dispersion attributable to photometric uncertainties (

0.18 mag). Colors are nearly constant starting from 6 days after first light (g − r ∼ −0.15 mag), while the time evolution at earlier epochs is characterized by a continuous range of slopes, from events rapidly transitioning from redder to bluer colors (slope of ∼−0.25 mag day−1) to events with a flatter evolution. The continuum in the slope distribution is in good agreement both with models requiring some amount of 56Ni mixed in the outermost regions of the ejecta and with “double-detonation” models having thin helium layers (

) and varying carbon–oxygen core masses. At the same time, six events show evidence for a distinctive “red bump” signature predicted by double-detonation models with larger helium masses. We finally identify a significant correlation between the early-time g − r slopes and supernova brightness, with brighter events associated to flatter color evolution (p-value = 0.006). The distribution of slopes, however, is consistent with being drawn from a single population, with no evidence for two components as claimed in the literature based on B − V colors.
On the Spectral Peak Energy of Swift Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Zhang Z. B. , Jiang M. , Zhang Y. , Zhang K. , Li X. J. , Zhang Q. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Owing to the narrow energy band of the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT), several urgent issues remain unsolved. We systematically study the properties of a refined sample of 283 Swift/BAT gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with well-measured spectral peak energy (E
p) at a high confidence level greater than 3σ. We find that the duration (T
90) distribution of Swift bursts still exhibits an evident bimodality with a more reliable boundary of T
90 ≃ 1.06 s instead of 2 s as found for previously contaminated samples, including bursts without well-peaked spectra, which is very close to the ∼1.27 and ∼0.8 s values suggested in the literature for the Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor and Swift/BAT catalogs, respectively. The Swift/BAT short and long bursts have comparable mean E
p values of

and

keV, similar to what was found for both types of BATSE bursts, which indicates that the traditional short–hard/long–soft scheme may not be tenable for certain detector energy windows. We also statistically investigate the consistency of distinct methods for E
p estimates and find that a Bayesian approach and BAND function (Band et al.) can always provide consistent evaluations. In contrast, the frequently used cutoff power-law model matches two other methods for lower E
p and overestimates the E
p by more than 70%, as E
p > 100 keV. Peak energies of X-ray flashes, X-ray-rich bursts, and classical GRBs could be an evolutionary consequence of moving from thermal-dominated to nonthermal-dominated radiation mechanisms. Finally, we find that the E
p and the observed fluence (S

γ
) in the observer frame are correlated as

keV, which might be a useful indicator of GRB peak energies.