bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Curcumin
Authors: Xiang De-Biao , Zhang Kai-Qiang , Zeng Ya-Ling , Yan Qing-Zi , Shi Zhe , Tuo Qin-Hui , Lin Li-Mei , Xia Bo-Hou , Wu Ping , Liao Duan-Fang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Curcumin, a controversial “panacea,” has been broadly studied. Its bioactivities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and especially antineoplastic activities have been documented. However, due to its extensive bioactivities, some scientists hold a skeptical point of view toward curcumin and described curcumin as a “deceiver” to chemists. The objective of this study was to explore curcumin's another possibility as a potential supplementary leading compound to cancer treatments.

Methods
Literature searches were conducted using electronic databases. Search terms such as “curcumin,” “curcumin analogues,” and so on were used. The literatures were collected and summarized. In this article, reported targets of curcumin are reviewed. The limitations of a curcumin as a therapeutic anticancer product including low bioavailability and poor targeting are mentioned. Furthermore, modified curcumin analogues and antitumor mechanisms are listed and discussed in the aspects of cell death and tumor microenvironment including angiogenesis, tissue hypoxia status, and energy metabolism.

Results
Several possible modification strategies were presented by analyzing the relationships between the antitumor activity of curcumin analogues and their structural characteristics, including the introduction of hydrophilic group, shortening of redundant hydrocarbon chain, the introduction of extra chemical group, and so on.

Conclusions
From our perspective, after structural modification curcumin could be more effective complementary product for cancer therapies by the enhancement of targeting abilities and the improvement of bioavailability.
Cirrhosis and frailty assessment in elderly patients
Authors: Federico Alessandro , Caprio Giuseppe Gerardo , Dalise Anna Maria , Barbieri Michelangela , Dallio Marcello , Loguercio Carmelina , Paolisso Giuseppe , Rizzo Maria Rosaria 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe frailty represents a key determinant of elderly clinical assessment, especially because it allows the identification of risk factors potentially modifiable by clinical and therapeutic interventions. The frailty assessment in elderly patients usually is made by using of Fried criteria. However, to assess the frailty in cirrhotic patients, multiple but different tools are used by researchers. Thus, we aimed to compare frailty prevalence in elderly patients with well-compensated liver cirrhosis and without cirrhosis, according to Fried criteria.Among 205 elderly patients screened, a total of 148 patients were enrolled. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence/absence of well-compensated liver cirrhosis.After clinical examination with conventional scores of cirrhosis, all patients underwent anthropometric measurements, nutritional, biochemical, comorbidity, and cognitive performances. Frailty assessment was evaluated according to Fried frailty criteria.Unexpectedly, according to the Fried criteria, non-cirrhotic patients were frailer (14.2%) than well-compensated liver cirrhotic patients (7.5%). The most represented Fried criterion was the unintentional weight loss in non-cirrhotic patients (10.1%) compared to well-compensated liver cirrhotic patients (1.4%). Moreover, cumulative illness rating scale -G severity score was significantly and positively associated with frailty status (r = 0.234,P < .004). In a multivariate linear regression model, only female gender, body mass index and mini nutritional assessment resulted associated with frailty status, independently of other confounding variables.Despite the fact that elderly cirrhotic patients are considered to be frailer than the non-cirrhotic elderly patient, relying solely on “mere visual appearance,” our data show that paradoxically non-cirrhotic elderly patients are frailer than elderly well-compensated liver cirrhotic patients. Thus, clinical implication of this finding is that frailty assessment performed in the well-compensated liver cirrhotic patient can identify those cirrhotic patients who may benefit from tailored interventions similarly to non-cirrhotic elderly patients.
A retrospective evaluation of reliability and reproducibility of Arbeitsgemeinschaftfür Osteosynthesefragen classification and Fernandez classification for distal radius fracture
Authors: Yinjie Yan , Gen Wen , Hongbo Wan , Chongqing Xu , Fan Zhaoxiang , Yanqi Feng , Xuequn Wu , Wen Mo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This is a retrospective evaluated. The objective of this study was to test the interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility of fracture classification with Arbeitsgemeinschaftfür Osteosynthesefragen (AO) system and Fernandez system used by 5 senior orthopedic surgeons.
Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of 160 patients hospitalized for displaced distal radius fracture were examined. Independently, 5 orthopedic surgeons evaluated the radiographs according to 2 different distal radius classification systems (3 types of results). Three statistical tools were used to measure interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility. The intraclass correlation coefficient and kappa coefficient (k) were used to assess both interobserver and intraobserver agreement of AO and Fernandez. Kappa value indicated poor agreement (<0), slight (0–0.20), fair (0.21–0.40), moderate (0.41–0.60), good (0.61–0.80), and perfect (0.81–1.00).
The intraobserver reproducibility of AO system (9 types) and Fernandez system were moderate with a value of 0.577 and 0.438. The intraobserver reproducibility of AO system (27 subtypes) was 0.286. The interobserver reliability of AO system (9 types) was moderate with a value of 0.469 and that of Fernandez was moderate with a value of 0.435. The interobserver reliability of AO system (27 subtypes) was 0.299.
Neither of the 2 systems can give us a satisfactory agreement between interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility. In AO system, the interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility of the 9 types decreased with the increase of subgroups.
The prognostic value of long non-coding RNA H19 in various cancers
Authors: Yu Hui , Li Shuo , Wu Shi-xiong , Huang Shuo , Li Shuang , Ye Linfeng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
Recent studies have shown that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 is aberrantly expressed in various cancers. However, the prognostic significance of H19 in cancer patients remains to be elucidated. Here, we designed and conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of this lncRNA for malignant solid neoplasms.

Methods:
Relevant publications were collected from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases. The relevant survival data of patients with H19-associated cancers were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. Statistically significant relationships between H19 expression levels and overall survival were analyzed by hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:
A total of 15 studies with 1584 patients were ultimately included for this literature meta-analysis. An elevated level of H19 expression was found to be negatively correlated with the overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.36–1.93, P < .001) in various cancers. Abnormal H19 expression was also positively correlated with poor tumor differentiation (P < .0001), more advanced clinical stage (P < .0001), earlier lymph node metastasis (P < .0001), and earlier distant metastasis (P < .05). The relationship between elevated H19 expression and overall survival was further validated by a TCGA dataset consisting of 7462 cancer patients (HR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.03–1.22, P < .05).

Conclusion:
Our study indicates that H19 expression is closely relevant to clinical outcome and suggests that lncRNA H19 could be a crucial prognostic biomarker for certain carcinoma types.
The prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia in middle-aged and elderly people in Tibet Autonomous Region, China
Authors: Zhang Qingxi , Gong Hongqiang , Lin Chutong , Liu Qiang , Baima Yangjin , Wang Yunting , Lin Jianhao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Objective:
Gout and hyperuricemia are common public health problem. There has been no epidemiological survey of gout and hyperuricemia in Tibet Autonomous Region, the southwest of China. Therefore, we estimated the prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia in Luoma Town, Naqu City, Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

Methods:
A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1458 residents of Luoma Town, Tibet Autonomous Region, age ≥40 years. We used questionnaires in face-to-face interviews, anthropometric measurements and serum uric acid test. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid level ≥7 mg/dl in men and ≥6 mg/dl in women. The definition of gout in this study was on the basis of new 2015ACR/EULAR classification criteria.

Results:
Nine hundred eighty-nine participants completed all items of gout and 818 participants attended to be taken blood samples for serum UA levels test. The overall crude prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia was 0.30% and 1.83% respectively. It was more prevalent in men than in women (2.86% vs 0.75%, P = .034) in hyperuricemia group. Tibetan had a lower age-standardized prevalence of gout 0.26% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0%–0.60%) and hyperuricemia 2.05% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99%–3.44%) compared with the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study results.

Conclusion:
This is the first large-scale population-based survey to demonstrate the prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia of the middle-aged and elderly population in Tibet Autonomous Region, China. The prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia is relatively lower than other places in China, and that might be influenced by ethnicity, genetic and environment factors. These findings will be useful for the future researches and health care strategies.
Comparative effectiveness of tamoxifen, toremifene, letrozole, anastrozole, and exemestane on lipid profiles in breast cancer patients
Authors: He Tao , Yang Wenhao , Zhang Xinyi , Li Ping , Yang Dandan , Wu Yunhao , Fan Yuan , Xiang Mengya , Huang Qianqian , Chen Jing , Zhou Runke , Lv Qing , Chen Jie 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
Adjuvant endocrine therapy is a vital portion of postoperative comprehensive treatment for breast cancer patients. In recent years, studies have shown that endocrine therapy has a certain impact on the serum lipids of breast cancer patients, and the changes of lipid profiles may bring a series of problems. However, very few studies focus on this issue to date. The results of these studies are inconsistent, and the influence of different adjuvant endocrine modalities on lipid profiles still remains controversial. In order to better explore this issue, we conduct this network meta-analysis.

Method:
The protocol followed preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses protocols. Three main databases (PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library) will be searched systematically for eligible randomized controlled trials without language restriction. In addition, a manual search of the references of relevant published studies will also be considered. Two reviewers will conduct studies selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment independently. The primary outcome is the variation of biochemical parameters – the serum lipid profiles (cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, low low-density lipoprotein).

Results:
The results will provide useful information about the side effects of different adjuvant endocrine drugs on lipid profiles in postoperative breast cancer patients (estrogen receptor-positive and/or progesterone receptor-positive).

Conclusion:
The findings of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Prospero Registration Number:
CRD42019129850.
Ginkgol Biloba extract as an adjunctive treatment for ischemic stroke
Authors: Ji Hongjian , Zhou Xiaohua , Wei Wenlong , Wu Wenyong , Yao Shuai 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Objective:
Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) is widely used as an adjunctive treatment for ischemic stroke. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of GBE specifically for long-term users at the convalescence stage of ischemic stroke.

Methods:
MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase Database, WHO Clinical Trials Registration Platform, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and Chinese Scientific Journal Database were searched from inception to 20 September 2018. Risk ratio (RR) and mean difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as effect estimates using RevMan software (5.3; Review Manager [RevMan], Nordic Cochrane Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark). A meta-analysis was performed where data were available. A trial sequential analysis was used to control random errors for recurrence rate and the GRADE (grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluations) approach was used to assess the quality of the body of evidence. The meta-analysis design was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42018110211, http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO).

Results:
We identified 15 randomized clinical trials involving 1829 participants. The majority of the included trials were of high risk of bias in methodological quality. For acute ischemic stroke, adding GBE to conventional therapy led to higher Barthel index scores (MD: 5.72; 95% CI: 3.11–8.33) and lower neurological function deficit scores (MD: −1.39; 95% CI: −2.15 to −0.62). For patients in their convalescence (or sequelae) stage of ischemic stroke, GBE was superior in improving dependence (MD: 7.17; 95% CI: 5.96–8.38) and neurological function deficit scores (MD: −1.15; 95% CI: −1.76 to −0.53) compared with placebo or conventional therapy, but there was no difference in vascular events (RR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.44–1.14), recurrence rate (RR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.26–1.25; trial sequential analysis: conclusive) and mortality (RR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.41–2.81).

Conclusions:
GBE appears to improve neurological function and dependence compared with conventional therapy for ischemic stroke at different stages and appears generally safe for clinical application. The lack of improvement in recurrence rate was confirmed by trial sequential analysis. Due to the generally weak evidence, further large, rigorous trials are warranted.
The effectiveness and safety of acupuncture therapy for Guillain–Barré syndrome
Authors: Fan Zhu , Liu Biyuan , Zhang Yili , Li Man , Lu Tao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is the most common acute paralytic neuropathy. Many clinical trials indicate acupuncture provides a good effect as a complementary therapy of Western medicine for GBS. The objective of this systematic review protocol is to provide the evidence to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture on the treatment of GBS.

Methods:
We will search relevant randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of acupuncture for GBS in following databases from start to October 2019: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL Complete, National Digital Science Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Database without language restriction. For articles that meet our inclusion criteria, 2 researchers will extract the data information independently, and assess the risk of bias and trial quality by the Cochrane collaboration's tool. All data will be analyzed by RevMan V.5.3.3 statistical software.

Results:
According to the Barthel index of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and the Medical Research Council (MRC) muscle scale, the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for GBS will be determined in this study.

Conclusion:
This systemic review will provide high quality evidence to judging whether acupuncture provides benefits to treat GBS.
Prospero registration number: CRD42019158710.
Urinary fatty acid and retinol binding protein-4 predict CKD progression in severe NAFLD patients with hypertension
Authors: Tsai Yu-Lien , Liu Chih-Wei , Huang Shiang-Fen , Yang Ying-Ying , Lin Ming-Wei , Huang Chia-Chang , Li Tzu-Hao , Huang Yi-Hsiang , Hou Ming-Chih , Lin Han-Chieh 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Detection of the chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression can begin early intervention to improve the prognosis of severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This bi-directional cross-sectional study evaluates the roles of fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) and retinol binding protein (RBP4), which are produced from inflamed liver, adipose tissue and immune cells, for the prediction of CKD progression in severe NAFLD. Ninety severe NAFLD patients with hypertension and proteinuria (NAFLD+HTN+) were enrolled and divided into CKD (n = 39) and non-CKD groups (n = 51). Among 39 NAFLD+HTN+ patients, 18 cases were categorized as CKD progression group. In comparison with CKD stable group (n = 21), the positive correlation between fold change values of hepatic fibrotic score (KPa), urinary FABP4 or urinary RBP4 versus severity of albuminuria were noted among CKD progression group. On multivariate analysis, high body mass index (BMI, >25 kg/m2), high hepatic fibrosis score (>9.5 KPa), high urinary level of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1, >2239 μg/g cr), high urinary level of FABP4 (>115 ng/g cr) and high urinary level of RBP4 (>33.5 mg/g cr) are 5 independent predictors for progressive CKD during 24 months of follow-up. Synergetic effect was noted among these 5 risk factors for the prediction of CKD progression in NAFLD+HTN+ patients. The in vitro experiments revealed that both FABP4 and RBP4 directly enhanced albumin-induced ER stress and apoptosis of human renal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 cells and human podocytes cell lines. Through clinical and experimental approaches, this study revealed new 5 synergetic predictors including high BMI, hepatic fibrosis score, urinary level of VCAM-1, urinary level of FABP4 and RBP4, for the CKD progression in severe NAFLD patients with hypertension and proteinuria.
Long-term efficacy after closure of patent foramen ovale for ischemic neurological events in young adults
Authors: Xu Liang , Pan Xuemei , Zhou Chang , Li Jie , Wang Fangyuan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
The efficacy of patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure remains controversial, and it is unclear which patient groups are best benefited. We performed this meta-analysis to clarify the efficacy of PFO closure of younger patients for prevention of recurrent ischemic neurological events.

Methods:
We systematically searched for studies of PFO closure for younger patients under the age of 55, and pooled available data on PFO closure of younger vs older patients and on PFO closure of younger patients vs medical therapy. The primary endpoints were the composite outcome of recurrent ischemic neurological events [stroke and/or transient ischemic attack (TIA)]. The secondary endpoints included recurrent stroke, TIA, atrial fibrillation (AF) and bleeding events. We calculated the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using fixed-effect and random-effect models.

Results:
Three randomized controlled trials (RCT) and 13 observational studies were eligible. Compared with older patients undergoing PFO closure, younger patients undergoing closure had a lower risk of composite outcome (OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.28 to .56; P < .001) and AF (OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.10–0.61; P = .003). Compared with medical therapy, PFO closure of younger patients reduced the risk of composite outcome (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.33–0.75; P<.001); there was no statistical difference in total complications of AF and bleeding events (OR: 2.15, 95% CI: 0.15–30.37; P = .57). Separate analysis of stroke and TIA showed that PFO closure in younger patients was more effective in preventing stroke (OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.28–0.72; P < .001) and TIA (OR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.21–0.58); P < .001) compared with older patients. Compared with medical therapy, PFO closure of younger patients reduced the risk of stroke (OR: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.13–0.51; P < .001); but there was no difference in the risk of TIA (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.16–7.01; P = .94).

Conclusions:
Compared with PFO closure of older patients and medical therapy, PFO closure of younger patients can benefit more for the prevention of recurrent ischemic neurological events. Our results indicate that PFO closure is the best treatment strategy for younger patients under the age of 55.
Added value of 18F-fluorocholine positron emission tomography-computed tomography in presurgical localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands after dual tracer subtraction scintigraphy failure
Authors: Morland David , Lalire Paul , Deguelte Sophie , Zalzali Mohamad , Richard Capucine , Dejust Sébastien , Boulagnon Camille , Ly Sang , Papathanassiou Dimitri , Delemer Brigitte 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Hyperparathyroidism is a common endocrine disorder. The precise localization of causal parathyroid gland is crucial to guide surgical treatment. Several studies report the added value of 18F-fluorocholine (FCH) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) as second line imaging but rely on suboptimal first-line imaging using 99mTc-sestaMIBI dual phase scintigraphy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the percentage of successful parathyroid localization with FCH PET/CT after failure of a more sensitive first-line detection protocol associating neck ultrasonography and 99mTc-Pertechnetate/99mTc-sestaMIBI dual tracer subtraction scintigraphy.
We included retrospectively 47 patients who underwent a FCH PET/CT as second line imaging for biologically proven primary hyperparathyroidism from November 2016 to October 2018 in Godinot Institute (Reims, France). 99mTc-Pertechnetate/99mTc-sestaMIBI dual tracer subtraction scintigraphy and neck ultrasonography were used as first-line imaging and failed to localize the causal parathyroid lesion in all cases.
FCH PET/CT demonstrated at least 1 parathyroid target lesion in 29 patients (62%). 21/29 patients underwent surgery. Target lesions corresponded histologically to hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands for all 21 patients and surgery was followed by hyperparathyroidism biological resolution. Calcium serum levels were associated to FCH PET/CT positivity (P = .002) and a trend toward significance was seen for Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (P = .09).
FCH PET/CT is a promising tool in second-line parathyroid imaging. Large prospective studies and cost-effectiveness analyses are needed to precise its role.