bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND VALIDATION OF ACYCLOVIR IN SOLID DOSAGE FORM
Authors: LASURE AKSHATA , ANSARI AFAQUE , KALSHETTI MALLINATH 
Published: March 2020

Objective: A new, economical, sensitive, simple, rapid UV spectrophotometric method has been developed for the estimation of Acyclovir in pure form and pharmaceutical formulation.
Methods: This UV method was developed using distilled water as a solvent. In the present method, the wavelength selected for analysis was 254 nm. UV-Visible double beam spectrophotometer (Systronic 2201) was used to carry out the spectral analysis. The ICH guidelines were used to validate the method.
Results: The method was validated for linearity, range, accuracy, precision, robustness, LOD and LOQ. Linearity was found in the range of 5-30µg/ml. Accuracy was performed by using a recovery study. The amount of drug recovered was found to be in the range of 100.1-100.5 %. The % RSD value was found to be less than 2.
Conclusion: The proposed UV spectroscopic method was found to be accurate, precise, stable, linear, specific, and simple for quantitative estimation of acyclovir in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. Hence the present UV spectroscopic method is suitable for the routine assay of acyclovir in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF SEVEN PHENYL HYDRAZINE CHLORO ESTER ISOMERS (PGIs) BY RP-HPLC-UV METHOD IN ANTICOAGULANT DRUG SUBSTANCE; APIXABAN
Authors: RAMANA V. SARADHI VENKATA , K. DURGA RAJA , K. RAGHU BABU , M. PADMA , V. JAGADEESH KUMAR , R. PAVAN KUMAR K. S. , SHARMA HEMANT KUMAR 
Published: March 2020

Objective: The objective of this work was to develop and validate a simple and sensitive reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography method for the determination of seven potential genotoxic impurities in Apixaban drug substance.
Methods: The optimized separation was achieved by using ACE 3 C18 PFP (150 mm×4.6 mm, 3 µm) HPLC column. The mobile phase-A was a degassed mixture of 0.01M Ammonium acetate buffer(PH adjusted 4.9±0.05 with diluted glacial acetic acid) and mobile phase-B was a degassed mixture of Acetonitrile, Isopropyl alcohol and Buffer PH 4.9 in the ratio of 60:20:20 v/v/v. The gradient program was operated at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and UV detection was at 330 nm.
Results: The method was superior at linearity for seven impurities and correlation coefficient values were larger than 0.999, moreover, in the separation point of view, this method further achieved no matrix interference through chromatography by better resolution of the other impurities from the Apixaban drug substance and its related impurities for the accurate analysis of seven potential genotoxic impurities. The established limits of detection (LOD), limits of quantification (LOQ) values for the seven mutagenic impurities were each of 5 ppm (0.015µg/ml) and15 ppm (0.045µg/ml) respectively. The developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines and applied as a generic method to determine these seven potential genotoxic impurities for the pharmaceutical process control and drug material release.
Conclusion: Validation of this analytical method was carried out including stability, selectivity, linearity, accuracy, system precision, method precision and intermediate precision thus proving that the described RP-HPLC method could be employed for fast and simple analysis of sevenphenyl hydrazine chloro ester isomers in Apixaban drug substance.
DIALEKTIKA ARSITEKTUR DAN PERUBAHAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT PASCA URBANISASI
Authors: Andisiri La Ode Abdul Rachmad Sabdin , Faslih Arman , Umar Muhammad Zakaria 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRAKParadigma ber-arsitektur erat kaitannya dengan perilaku masyarakat sehingga arsitektur dapat digunakan untuk membentuk perilaku manusia melalui rekayasa lingkungan maupun bangunan.. Masuknya arsitektur moderen di Indonesia berakibat pada perubahan perilaku masyarakat tradisional khususnya di wilayah urban olehnya, penelitian ini bertujuan (1) mendokumentasikan faktor - faktor yang menyebabkan peruban perilaku masyarakat pra urban (masyarakat tradisional) pasca urbanisasi di Kota Kendari dalam perspektif kearsitektural, lingkungan dan paradigma filsafat, (2) merumuskan langkah dan tindakan kearsitektural dalam upaya merestorasi nilai - nilai kebudayaan terhadap masyarakat urban. Penelitian ini diselenggarakan di kota Kendari dan berlandaskan pada paradigma post-positivisme yakni metode fenomenologi pendekatan kualitatif dimana aspek – aspek yang dianalisis pedagogi, lingkungan dan perilaku, serta budaya masyarakat kota Kendari dan Sulawesi Tenggara pada umumya sebagai landasan determinisme arsitektur. Penelitian ini menemukan dua temuan yakni (1) uraian deskriptif paradigma filsafat terhadap pendidikan dan konsepsi arsitek dan user mengenai arsitektur yang mengakibatkan perubahan perilaku masyarakat urban, (2) rumusan model kawasan kantong pedestrian dengan fasilitas terpadu berbasis lingkungan dan kearifan lokal sebagai determinisme arsitektur dalam merestorasi nilai – nilai budaya pada masyarakat urban.Kata Kunci: Dialektika, Arsitektur, Perilaku, Urban ABSTRACTThe architectural paradigm is closely related to community behavior so that architecture can be used to shape human behavior through environmental and building engineering. The inclusion of modern architecture in Indonesia results in changes in the behavior of traditional communities, especially in urban areas by him. The objetives of this research are (1) to document the factors that cause the behavior of pre-urban (traditional) community behavior after urbanization in Kendari City in the perspective of architecture, environment and philosophical paradigm, (2) formulating architectural steps and actions in an effort to restore cultural values towards urban society. This research was held in the city of Kendari and based on the post-positivism paradigm, a qualitative approach phenomenology method in which aspects analyzed by pedagogy, environment and behavior, as well as the culture of Kendari and Southeast Sulawesi in general as the basis of architectural determinism. This study found two findings, namely (1) descriptive description of the philosophical paradigm of education and architect and user conception of architecture that resulted in changes in urban behavior, (2) formulation of a model of pedestrian enclave with integrated facilities based on the environment and local wisdom as architectural determinism in restoring cultural values in urban society.Keywords: Dialectics, Architecture, Behavior, Urban
Effects of Intensive Glycemic Control on Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes With Different Levels of Cardiovascular Risk and Hemoglobin A1c in the ADVANCE Trial
Authors: Tian Jingyan , Ohkuma Toshiaki , Cooper Mark , Harrap Stephen , Mancia Giuseppe , Poulter Neil , Wang Ji-Guang , Zoungas Sophia , Woodward Mark , Chalmers John 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE
To study whether the effects of intensive glycemic control on major vascular outcomes (a composite of major macrovascular and major microvascular events), all-cause mortality, and severe hypoglycemia events differ among participants with different levels of 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) at baseline.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We studied the effects of more intensive glycemic control in 11,071 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), without missing values, in the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial, using Cox models.

RESULTS
During 5 years’ follow-up, intensive glycemic control reduced major vascular events (hazard ratio [HR] 0.90 [95% CI 0.83–0.98]), with the major driver being a reduction in the development of macroalbuminuria. There was no evidence of differences in the effect, regardless of baseline ASCVD risk or HbA1c level (P for interaction = 0.29 and 0.94, respectively). Similarly, the beneficial effects of intensive glycemic control on all-cause mortality were not significantly different across baseline ASCVD risk (P = 0.15) or HbA1c levels (P = 0.87). The risks of severe hypoglycemic events were higher in the intensive glycemic control group compared with the standard glycemic control group (HR 1.85 [1.41–2.42]), with no significant heterogeneity across subgroups defined by ASCVD risk or HbA1c at baseline (P = 0.09 and 0.18, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS
The major benefits for patients with T2D in ADVANCE did not substantially differ across levels of baseline ASCVD risk and HbA1c.
Defining a study population using enhanced reporting of Aboriginality and the effects on study outcomes
Authors: McInerney Carol Anne , Ibiebele Ibinabo , Torvaldsen Siranda , Ford Jane B , Morris Jonathan M , Nelson Michael , Randall Deborah 
Published: March 2020

Introduction
The under-ascertainment of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status on routinely collected health datasets has important implications for understanding the health of this population. By pooling available information on individuals’ Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander status from probabilistically linked datasets, methods have been developed to adjust for this under-recording.
Objectives
To explore different algorithms that enhance reporting of Aboriginal status in birth data to define a cohort of Aboriginal women, examine any differences between women recorded as Aboriginal and those assigned enhanced Aboriginal status, and assess the effects of using different reported populations to estimate within-group comparisons for Aboriginal people.
Methods
Three algorithms, with different levels of inclusiveness, were used to establish different study populations all of which aimed to include all singleton babies born to Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander women residing in New South Wales, Australia between 2010 and 2014 and their mothers. The demographics of the four study populations were described and compared using frequencies and percentages. In order to assess the impact on research outcomes and conclusions of using study populations derived from different algorithms, estimates of the associations between smoking during pregnancy and selected perinatal outcomes were compared using rates and relative risks.
Results
Women included in the study population through enhanced reporting were older, less disadvantaged and more commonly resided in urban areas than those recorded as Aboriginal in the birth data. Although rates of smoking and some perinatal outcomes differed between the different study populations, the relative risks of each outcome comparing smoking and non-smoking Aboriginal mothers were very similar when estimated from each of the study populations.
Conclusion
This work provides evidence that estimates of within-group relative risks are reliable regardless of the assumptions made for establishing the study population through the enhanced reporting of indigenous peoples.
Chemical composition of essential oil from the leaves of Amentotaxus yunnanensis H.L. Li in Ha Giang province
Authors: Thai Tran Huy , Hien Nguyen Thi , Diep Le Ngoc , Thanh Nguyen Trung , Thu Thuy Dinh Thi 
Published: March 2020

The essential oil from the leaves of the Amentotaxus yunnanensis collected in Hoang Su Phi, Ha Giang province was obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger apparatus and the yield of the essential oil was 0.01% from air-dry material. By using GC/MS analysis 50 constituents were identified, accounting for 88.96% of the essential oil. The main constituents were α-pinene (21.91%), kaur-16-ene (13.03%), α-calacorene (9.42%), δ-cadinene (6.23%) and β-caryophyllene (4.9%). This is the first study on the chemical constituents of essential oils from the leaves of Amentotaxus yunnanensis in Vietnam.
Keywords: essential oil, Amentotaxus yunnanensis, α-pinene, kaur-16-ene, α-calacorene, δ-cadinene.
Failure of C2-3 anterior arthrodesis for the treatment of atypical Hangman’s fractures: A three case series
Authors: Aljuboori Zaid , Hoz Samer , Boakye Maxwell 
Published: March 2020

Background:Hangman’s fractures (HF) are defined by bilateral fractures of pars interarticularis of the axis. Most can be treated with a collar. However, the treatment strategies for atypical HF (AHF) involve the pedicles, are unstable, and require fusion. Here, we present three cases of AHF that failed anterior arthrodesis warranting repeat anterior (one case), and posterior fusions (three cases).Case Description:One female and two males, ranging from 48 to 69 years of age, presented with AHF. All three were originally treated with C2-3 anterior cervical discectomy/fusion, and all three failed (e.g., resulted in pseudarthrosis/ anterolisthesis/instability). The first patient required a secondary C3 corpectomy/C2-4 arthrodesis, with C1-C4 posterior instrumentation. The latter two patients required secondary C1-C3 posterior fusions. For all three patients, 3–12 months follow-up X-rays confirmed the excellent alignment of the instrumentation and bony fusion.Conclusion:Anterior arthrodesis can be utilized to treat AHF, but often fail when addressing AHF. All AHF warranted secondary posterior fusions (e.g., C1-C3 two cases; and C1-C4 one case) and a subset may additionally require more extensive anterior fusions (e.g., C2-C4 with corpectomy of C3).
Analisis Prediksi dan Hubungan antara Debit Air dan Curah Hujan pada Sungai Ciliwung di Kota Bogor
Authors: Sutrisno Alfred Jansen , Kaswanto  , Hadi Susilo  
Published: March 2020

Water demand should be balance with water availability. The population of Bogor City was increased every year, so that water demand become increased. Currently, Government of Bogor City only utilizes the Cisadane river as a source for drinking water, but Bogor City has 2 rivers there are Cisadane river and Ciliwung river. So, Ciliwung river can be solution for this problem. Water discharge and rainfall influence water availability. Distribution log pearson type 3 used to predict the water discharge and rainfall and linier regression analyzed the relationship between water discharge (dependent variable) with rainfall as X1 and water level as X2 (independent variable). The result of distribution log pearson type 3 every return period 2, 5, 10, 25, dan 50 years is water discharge and rainfall were increased. Average increase of water discharge every return period is 1.6 m3/s and average increase of rainfall every return period is 251 mm. Partially, water discharge influenced by water level 97.7% and 2% by rainfall. But, = 0.000 < = 0.05. it is mean rainfall and water level cannot be ignored because it can influence water discharge with regression model = -3.01 + 0.000 X1 + 0.202 X2.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEPRIBADIAN INTROVERT DENGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VIII DI SMP NEGERI 8 KEDIRI
Authors: Mulyah Ambar Tutut , Khususiyah Khususiyah , Gumilang Galang Surya 
Published: March 2020

Kepribadian introvert adalah kondisi individu yang memiliki kecenderungan tertutup, baik sifatnya maupun tingkah lakunya yaitu lebih suka menyendiri, menyukai kesunyian, individual, dan berusaha menarik diri dari lingkungan. Siswa yang memiliki kepribadian introvert memiliki hubungan dengan motivasi belajarnya di sekolah sehingga akan mempengaruhi prestasi belajarnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh informasi dan mendapatkan data yang akurat mengenai hubungan kepribadian introvert dengan motivasi belajar siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 8 Kediri Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik korelasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Proses analisis datanya menggunakan Korelasi Product Moment dan sampel dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 70 siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Kediri. Pengambilan datanya menggunakan instrumen angket kepribadian introvert dan motivasi belajar. Hasil analisis data menggunakan uji Korelasi Product Moment menunjukkan hubungan positif antara Kepribadian Introvert dengan Motivasi Belajar hubungan antara kepribadian introvert dengan motivasi belajar siswa ditunjukkan dengan nilai r hitung 0,502 lebih besar dari r tabel 0,235 dengan taraf signifikansi 5% (0,502 ≥ 0,235). Karena nilai korelasi berada di range 0,40 – 0,599, maka disimpulkan bahwa hubungan antara variabel X dengan variabel Y adalah sedang. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, berbunyi adanya hubungan antara kepribadian introvert dengan motivasi belajar siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 8 Kediri Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan saran yang perlu dikemukakan adalah Hendaknya oleh guru bimbingan dan konseling dapat dijadikan sumber bahan untuk meningkatkan kualitas ilmu bimbingan dan konseling.

Kata kunci: Kepribadian introvert,
ANALISIS KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA SMP PADA MATERI SEGI EMPAT
Authors: Dilla Risa Sapta , Adriati Nuraeni , Novtiar Chandra 
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pencapaian komunikasi matematis siswa dengan observasi dan wawancara. Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan ialah deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek 30 siswa SMPN 2 Ngamprah kelas VII. Instrumen berupa 4 soal tes uraian. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu persentase indicator kemampuan menghubungkan benda nyata dan gambar ke dalam bentuk ide matematika adalah 41,67%, menyusun konjektur, menyusun argumen, dan generalisasi persentase kemampuannya sebesar 49,17 %, menjelaskan ide, situasi matematika secara tertulis dengan menggunakan gambar yaitu mencapai 57,78%, menyatakan peristiwa sehari-hari dalam bahasa atau simbol matematika, persentase kemampuannya adalah 24,67 %.
KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF MATEMATIS SISWA SMP KELAS VIII PADA MATERI BANGUN DATAR
Authors: Susanti Rita , Novtiar Chandra 
Published: March 2020

Pengembangan berpikir kreatif merupakan salah satu fokus pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa SMP Krida Utama kelas VIII pada materi bangun datar. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 5 orang siswa, instrumen yang digunakan sebanyak 4 buah butir soal yang berbentuk soal uraian. Saat ini pengembangan kreativitas telah menjadi salah satu fokus pembelajaran yang dapat dikembangkan melalui proses mengajar, termasuk pembelajaran matematika. Salah satu topik dalam matematika yang berpotensi sebagai sarana mengembangkan kreativitas pencapaian kemampuan berpikir kreatif adalah topik bangun datar. Pada penelitian ini jumlah siswa yang memenuhi indikator kelancaran (fluency) sebanyak 65 %, flexibility sebanyak 70 %, originality sebanyak 50 %, elaboration sebanyak 40 %.
Reproducibility in Echotracking Assessment of Local Carotid Stiffness, Diameter and Thickness in a Population-based Study (The STANISLAS Cohort Study)
Authors: Bozec Erwan , Girerd Nicolas , Ferreira João Pedro , Latar Ichraq , Zannad Faiez , Rossignol Patrick 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Carotid Intima Media Thickness (IMT) and stiffness are associated with cardiovascular events. The study aims were to perform a head-to-head comparison of the Wall Track System (WTS) and ART.LAB for carotid IMT, distension and diameter echotracking measurements as well as inter- and intra-observer reproducibility.

Methods
Echotracking measurements were performed with WTS and ART.LAB in 188 participants from the STANISLAS Cohort (mean age 47 ± 14 years). Inter-observer reproducibility analysis was performed in 60 patients consecutively included among the STANISLAS Cohort and two other ongoing cohorts, in whom measurements were successively performed by three operators.

Results
The relative differences between WTS and ART.LAB in artery diameter measurements were minimal (mean difference -1.8%) while the differences in IMT and distension measurements were 6.1% and 4.3%, respectively. The Bland and Altman plots for diameter, distension and intima media thickness showed no measurement bias between ART.LAB and WTS. The internal reproducibility for carotid diameter was good with the two devices (≈2% SD). The ART.LAB performed ≈2-fold better than WTS for IMT internal reproducibility (5% vs. 12.5%, p < 0.0001) and distension internal reproducibility (6.3% vs. 12.4%, p < 0.0001). The inter- and intra-observer reproducibility for carotid diameter and IMT was good for both devices. Complete results were obtained in 1:50 min in ART.LAB and 11:13 min with WTS.

Conclusion
ART.LAB and WTS show good agreement, with good inter- and intra-observer reproducibility with the two devices. Nevertheless, internal reproducibility of ART.LAB is better and measurements are easier to perform, favouring this device for carotid intima media thickness and stiffness measurements.
Domination of local-modern acculturation in Casablancka residence, Bali
Authors: Lalu Efraim , Fauzy Bachtiar 
Published: March 2020

Fenomena wujud akulturasi arsitektur lokal-modern menjadi penting ditelusuri karena dapat dijadikan konsep arsitektur masa kini (arsitektur kiwari). Objek studi penelitian ini adalah bangunan Casablancka Residence di Bali. Objek studi merupakan bangunan baru dan jarang diteliti, terutama dari aspek wujud akulturasi arsitekturnya. Penelitian ini selain bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan ragam bentuk akulturasi arsitektur lokal - modern yang ditinjau dari aspek ragam bentuk akulturasi, juga untuk melihat mana yang lebih mendonimasi antara arsitektur lokal dan modern yang ada pada bangunan Casablancka Residence. Teori yang digunakan dalam studi ini adalah teori archetype yang berfungsi mengungkap fenomena arsitektur Casablancka Residence tersebut. Metoda yang digunakan dalam menelusuri kasus studi adalah deskriptif, analitik dan interpretatif, sesuai dengan karakteristik kasus studi yang diungkap. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan dominasi yang lebih kuat pada unsur lokal dimana secara garis besar nampak pada bagian atap dan alas bangunan yang menggunakan bentuk serta material lokal yang kuat, sedangkan unsur modern lebih dominan pada bagian dinding bangunan yang didominasi material kaca modern. Manfaat dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap masyarakat akan pentingnya penerapan lokalitas dalam membangun serta mengupayakan pelestarian budaya arsitektur lokal dan juga menambah khasanah ilmu pengetahuan arsitektur yang telah ada baik bagi akademik maupun praktisi.