bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversible Manipulation of Polar Topologies in Oxide Ferroelectrics via Electric Fields
Authors: Feng Yan‐Peng , Wu Han , Zhu Yin‐Lian , Wang Yu‐Jia , Tang Yun‐Long , Ma Xiu‐Liang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPolar topologies show great potentials in memories and other nano‐micro devices. To integrate with silicon conducting circuits, it is vital to understand the dynamic evolution and the transformation of different domain configurations under external stimulus. Here in situ transmission electron microscopy is performed and the electrically controlled creation and annihilation of large‐scale polar flux‐closure array from typical c/a domains in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 bilayers is directly observed. It is found that the transformation is reversible after removal of external electric fields. Increasing external electric fields on (PbTiO3/SrTiO3)5 multilayered films, it is further found that the flux‐closure domains are nucleated and propagated via the steps of first the formation of new c domains and then connection with neighboring c domains. The transition from a/c domains to flux‐closure arrays under electric fields is collaborated with evaluating energy variations by phase‐field simulations in which the electrostatic energy plays an important role. These results demonstrate the polar topologies can be reversibly manipulated by external stimuli, which sheds light on further understanding the dynamics behavior of polar topologies and helps for future nanoelectric applications.
Constructing High‐Performance Composite Epoxy Resins: Interfacial π‐π Stacking Interactions‐Driven Physical Rolling Behavior of Silica Microspheres
Authors: Tang Qiaolin , Li Yanqi , Liu Jingya , Li Heshuang , Peng Qiang , Kang Ming , Kang Tianyi , Chang Guanjun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe intrinsic compromise between strength and toughness in composite epoxy resins significantly constrains their practical applications. In this study, a novel strategy is introduced, leveraging interfacial π‐π stacking interactions to induce the “rolling behavior” of microsphere fillers, thereby facilitating efficient energy dissipation. This approach is corroborated through theoretical simulations and experimental validation. The resulting composite epoxy resin demonstrates an impressive 49.8% enhancement in strength and a remarkable 358.9% improvement in toughness compared to conventional epoxy resins, accompanied by substantially reduced hysteresis. Moreover, this system achieves reversible closed‐loop recyclability and rapid repair capabilities. The preliminary demonstration of “force‐temperature equivalence” further establishes a novel pathway for the design of high‐performance composite epoxy materials.
Visible‐Light‐Enabled Regioselective C−H alkylation and alkenylation of 2‐Aryl Heterocycles using Dual Catalysis
Authors: Bhawale Rajesh T. , Chillal Abhinay S. , Kshirsagar Umesh A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractVisible light‐induced site‐selective C−H alkylation and alkenylation of 2‐aryl heteroarenes with maleimides at room temperature via dual catalysis in an aqueous medium has been disclosed. This operationally simple and mild approach enables the selective formation of alkylation and alkenylation products up to 92% yield under silver‐free conditions with excellent substrate scope. For the mechanistic examination, KIE, H/D labeling experiments, light on‐off experiments, and quantum yield measurements were carried out. Moreover, the present approach for the alkylation and alkenylation of 2‐aryl heteroarenes is suitable for scalable synthesis.
Accurate Diagnosis of Lower Respiratory Infections Using Host Response and Respiratory Microbiome from a Single Metatranscriptome Test of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Authors: Zou Xiaohui , Yan Mengwei , Wang Yeming , Ni Yawen , Zhao Jiankang , Lu Binghuai , Liu Bo , Cao Bin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) diagnosis is challenging because noninfectious diseases mimic its clinical features. The altered host response and respiratory microbiome following LRTIs have the potential to differentiate LRTIs from noninfectious respiratory diseases (non‐LRTIs). Patients suspected of having LRTIs are retrospectively enrolled and a clinical metatranscriptome test is performed on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Transcriptomic and metagenomic analysis profiled the host response and respiratory microbiome in patients with confirmed LRTI (n = 126) or non‐LRTIs (n = 75). Patients with evidenced LRTIs exhibited enhanced pathways on chemokine and cytokine response, neutrophile recruitment and activation, along with specific gene modules linked to LRTIs status and key blood markers. Moreover, LRTIs patients exhibited reduced diversity and evenness in the lower respiratory microbiome, likely driven by an increased abundance of bacterial pathogens. Host marker genes are selected, and classifiers are developed to distinguish patients with LRTIs, non‐LRTIs, and indeterminate status, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.80 to 0.86 and validated in a subsequently enrolled cohort. Incorporating respiratory microbiome features further enhanced the classifier's performance. In summary, a single metatranscriptome test of BALF proved detailed profiles of host response and respiratory microbiome, enabling accurate LRTIs diagnosis.
Brain‐Computer Interfaces Using Flexible Electronics: An a‐IGZO Front‐End for Active ECoG Electrodes
Authors: van Oosterhout Kyle , Chilundo Ashley , Branco Mariana P. , Aarnoutse Erik J. , Timmermans Martijn , Fattori Marco , Ramsey Nick F. , Cantatore Eugenio 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBrain‐computer interfaces (BCIs) are evolving toward higher electrode count and fully implantable solutions, which require extremely low power densities (<15mW cm−2). To achieve this target, and allow for a large and scalable number of channels, flexible electronics can be used as a multiplexing interface. This work introduces an active analog front‐end fabricated with amorphous Indium‐Gallium‐Zinx‐Oxide (a‐IGZO) Thin‐Film Transistors (TFTs) on foil capable of active matrix multiplexing. The circuit achieves only 70nV per sqrt(Hz) input referred noise, consuming 46µW, or 3.5mW cm−2. It demonstrates for the first time in literature a flexible front‐end with a noise efficiency factor comparable with Silicon solutions (NEF = 9.8), which is more than 10X lower compared to previously reported flexible front‐ends. These results have been achieved using a modified bootstrap‐load amplifier. The front end is tested by playing through it recordings obtained from a conventional BCI system. A gesture classification based on the flexible front‐end outputs achieves 94% accuracy. Using a flexible active front end can improve the state‐of‐the‐art in high channel count BCI systems by lowering the multiplexer noise and enabling larger areas of the brain to be monitored while reducing power density. Therefore, this work enables a new generation of high channel‐count active BCI electrode grids.
Microfluidic Electrospinning Core–Shell Nanofibers for Anti‐Corrosion Coatings With Efficient Self‐Healing Properties
Authors: Tang Qingqing , Ji Cuiping , Wei Guoying , Hu Jing , Chang Feifan , Zhu Benfeng , Ren Li , Peng Dongliang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSelf‐healing materials have been extensively explored in metal anti‐corrosion fields. However, improving the self‐healing efficiency remains a significant work that severely limits their further development. Here, a strategy to fabricate anti‐corrosion coatings with efficient self‐healing properties based on microfluidic electrospinning technologies and UV‐curable healing agents is reported. The damaged composite coating contains core–shell nanofibers that can be completely healed within only 30 min, indicating an outstanding healing efficiency. The corrosion current density (Icorr) of the composite coatings containing core–shell nanofibers (abbreviated as composite coatings) is lower than the coatings without any fibers (abbreviated as pure resin coatings) during the test of repeated damage and healing cycles, showing superior resistance to corrosion and repeated self‐healing property. The composite coating has even better mechanical properties such as tensile strength, bending strength, and impact strength than the pure resin coating, which are explained by simulating the deformation process. These excellent properties greatly improve the practicability of self‐healing coatings in the application of anti‐corrosion, especially in some special fields.
Interfacial Engineering to Fabricate Nanoporous FeMo Bimetallic Nitride for Enhanced Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis
Authors: Fang Bin , Zhao Liyuan , Li Yanqin , Yin Nianliang , Wang Xin , Jin Jutao , Wang Wenlong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical N2 reduction reaction (NRR) currently represents a green and sustainable approach to ammonia production. However, the further progress of NRR is significantly hampered by poor catalytic activity and selectivity, necessitating the development of efficient and stable electrocatalysts. Herein, a nanoporous Fe–Mo bimetallic nitride (Fe3N‐MoN) is synthesized using a molten‐salt preparation method. This catalyst demonstrates notable NRR performance, achieving a high NH3 yield rate of 45.1 µg h−1 mg−1 and a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 26.5% at −0.2 V (vs RHE) under ambient conditions. Detailed experimental studies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the fabricated interface between Fe3N and MoN effectively modulates the surface electronic structure of the catalyst. The interface induces an increase in the degree of electron deficiency at the nitrogen‐vacancy sites on the catalyst surface, allowing N2 molecules to occupy the nitrogen vacancies more easily, thereby promoting N2 adsorption/activation during the NRR process. Consequently, the Fe3N‐MoN catalyst exhibits outstanding NRR activity. The insights gained from fabricating the Fe3N‐MoN interface in this work pave the way for further development of interfacial engineering to prepare high‐efficient electrocatalyst.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Occupational Health and Safety Management System Certification Program on Firm Work Injury Rates in Alberta, Canada
Authors: McLeod Christopher B. , Macpherson Robert A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundOccupational health and safety management systems (OHSMS) certification programs have the potential to improve workplace health and safety. In Canada, the Certificate of Recognition (COR) program is an example of such program and has been introduced in many industries and provinces. This study's objective was to identify whether the implementation of the COR program led to greater reduction in firm work‐related injuries in Alberta, Canada.MethodsUsing firm‐ and claim‐level data from the Workers' Compensation Board of Alberta and COR registration data from Government of Alberta, the effect of becoming COR‐certified on firm‐level injury rates was assessed using a matched difference‐in‐differences study design with population‐averaged negative binomial regression models.ResultsA total of 14,377 certified firms were matched with 11,338 non‐certified firms during the years 2000 to 2015. Firms that became certified had a greater reduction in the lost‐time injury rate (IRR: 0.86, 95% CI 0.83−0.88) and disabling injury rate (IRR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94−1.00) relative to the change in injury rates among similar non‐certified firms. The effectiveness of OHSMS certification was strongest in the transportation, manufacturing and trade sectors, in more recent years, and among firms certified using the standard COR program as opposed to the program adapted for small employers.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that COR can be an effective program, but that the effectiveness of this program is dependent on the context in which it is implemented, such as the industry sector, time period, and type of audit program.
Yawn Contagion and Modality‐Matching in the Female‐Bonded Society of Geladas (Theropithecus gelada)
Authors: Pedruzzi Luca , Oliveri Paolo , Francesconi Martina , Lemasson Alban , Palagi Elisabetta 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBehavioral contagion is widespread in primates, with yawn contagion (YC) being a well‐known example. Often associated with ingroup dynamics and synchronization, the possible functions and evolutionary pathways of YC remain subjects of active debate. Among nonhuman animals, geladas (Theropithecus gelada) are the only species known to occasionally emit a distinct vocalization while yawning. Yet, the role of different sensory modalities in YC remains poorly understood. Due to their social and communicative complexity, geladas serve as an excellent model for investigating the effects of multimodality and social factors on behavioral contagion. Here we studied a large zoo‐housed colony of geladas (103 subjects, 1422 yawns) and confirm the previous evidence for visual and auditory YC. Hearing, seeing, or hearing and seeing yawns significantly triggered contagious yawning at comparable levels. Additionally, we found no evidence of laterality influencing responses based on the side of detection. While the social bond, measured via grooming, between the trigger and receiver did not correlate with YC, a consistent sex effect emerged. Females responded more frequently to female than to male yawns and were more likely to match modality (i.e., vocalized vs. nonvocalized) and mirror morphology of other females' yawns. Effective female‐female communication and affiliation are crucial for maintaining cohesion and fostering strong intra‐unit relationships among geladas. Our results underscore the importance of different sensory components in the distribution of YC, particularly for species living in complex social systems. These findings raise further questions about the functional and emotional significance of yawning and potential inter‐sexual differences, suggesting that the phenomenon is more complex than previously thought.
A map of relational possibilities: Translating theory into practice
Authors: Walker Joanne , Coventry Liz 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper provides an outline of a novel approach to explain the complexity of human relationships. A map of relational possibilities was developed by the first author to explain complex theoretical concepts to their clients in a private practice. It describes the process of what an infant will do to manage relationally traumatic situations where their caregivers have failed to consistently scaffold the infant's fear management system or meet the requirements to ensure a robust sense of self develops. The map also describes the nature of relationships between individuals with differentiated selves. This paper then discusses how the map manages to bridge the research–practice gap in a unique way using everyday language to describe processes that are familiar to every human in managing complex relational dynamics.
Recent Advances, Applications, and Challenges in Superabsorbent Polymers to Support Water Sustainability
Authors: Batara Budiman , Steven Soen , Mulyana Mulyana , Saputra Angga Sena , Hutahaean Agatha Cecilia , Yemensia Elsye Veradika , Soekotjo Ernie S. A. , Abidin Akhmad Zainal , Graha Hafis Pratama Rendra 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSuperabsorbent polymers (SAPs) can absorb and retain water thousands fold their weight, so it is believed can overcome water depletion issues. However, the applications are dominantly found in daily consumer goods, while still limited especially in agricultural and environmental sectors. This review aims to provide insights into the preparation, synthesis, key properties, recent applications, and challenges of SAPs targeted to support water sustainability. The resources for SAPs synthesis are cellulose, chitin, chitosan (as natural‐based), and polyacrylate (as synthetic‐based). Likewise, semi‐synthetic SAPs have also been explored by graft copolymerization and crosslinking between natural and synthetic resources. Several key properties in SAPs are absorption capacity, biodegradability, antibacterial capabilities, swelling properties, and grain size. It is found that cellulose‐based SAPs have high water absorption capacity and biodegradability, chitosan‐based SAPs are superior in biodegradability and antibacterial capabilities, and polyacrylate‐based SAPs are eminent in water absorption capacity. As a further recommendation, cellulose‐based SAPs from plants or seaweeds can be a solution to replace synthetic polymer materials that are not environmentally friendly while supporting sustainable agricultural needs. The properties of SAPs, including salt resistance, should also be rectified by physicochemical modifications to overcome dynamic agricultural conditions by means of soil moisture, soil salinity, and microclimate alterations.
The measurement of valuation
Authors: Evangelidis Ioannis , Jung Minah H. , Moon Alice 
Published: December 2024

AbstractResearchers often wish to understand how much consumers value a product. To do this, they need to decide on the best way to determine these valuations. Past research in social sciences has developed various elicitation tasks to capture valuations. In this paper, we review that research and offer guidelines for best practices in measuring valuations. We begin with a discussion of the challenges in gauging valuations. We then critically review the different methods for measuring valuations, discussing the strengths and limitations of each. From this review, we develop guidelines for designing studies to assess valuations. Our guidelines focus on three key considerations: (1) selecting the sample for eliciting valuations, (2) determining how to present information to participants, and (3) taking into account research goals and constraints. Our aim is to improve the quality of studies measuring valuations, helping researchers draw more accurate inferences from their work.
Association of Synovial Innate Immune Exhaustion With Worse Pain in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Philpott Holly T. , Birmingham Trevor B. , Blackler Garth , Klapak J. Daniel , Knights Alexander J. , Farrell Easton C. , Fiset Benoit , Walsh Logan A. , Giffin J. Robert , Vasarhelyi Edward M. , MacDonald Steven J. , Lanting Brent A. , Maerz Tristan , Appleton C. Thomas ,   the WOREO Knee Study Group
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveUncontrolled pain remains a major clinical challenge in the management of knee osteoarthritis (OA), the most common disabling joint disease. Worse pain is associated with synovial innate immune cell infiltration (synovitis), but the role of innate immune‐regulatory cells in pain is unknown. Our objective was to identify synovial innate immune cell subsets and pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with worse pain in patients with knee OA.MethodsSynovial tissue biopsies from 122 patients with mild‐to‐severe knee OA pain (Knee Injury and OA Outcome Score [KOOS]) were analyzed to identify associations between synovial histopathology and worse pain. We then used spatial transcriptomics and proteomics of synovial tissue microenvironments (n = 32), followed by single‐cell RNA sequencing (n = 8), to identify synovial cell composition and cell‐cell communication networks in patients with more severe OA pain.ResultsHistopathological signs of synovial microvascular dysfunction and perivascular edema were associated with worse KOOS pain (−10.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] −18.90 to −2.61). Patients with worse pain had fewer immune‐regulatory macrophages, expanded fibroblast subsets, and enrichment in neurovascular remodeling pathways. Synovial macrophages from patients with worse pain expressed markers of immune exhaustion and decreased phagocytic function (−19.42%; 95% CI −35.96 to −2.89) and their conditioned media increased neuronal cell stress in dorsal root ganglia.ConclusionAlthough synovitis increases during OA, our findings suggest that exhaustion, dysfunction, and loss of immune‐regulatory macrophages is associated with worse pain and may be an important therapeutic target.image
Factor Analysis of the Missed Diagnosis of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection in Prenatal Echocardiography
Authors: Zhou Qichang , Liu Dongmei , Zhou Jiawei , Guo Qiao , Yuan Hongxia , Luo Yinchun , Wang Ling , Yin Chan , Wu Zhongshi , Peng Qinghai , Ming Zhang , Shi Zeng , Ganqiong Xu , Zhou Dan , Yang Yang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimThis study investigated the major factors contributing to the missed diagnosis of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) in fetal echocardiography.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the prenatal ultrasonic images of 32 fetuses with missed diagnoses of TAPVC, compared them with autopsy and postnatal surgical records, and summarized the most likely reasons leading to the missed diagnoses.ResultsWe studied a total of 157 fetuses with TAPVC, 32 (20.3%) of whom were missed in prenatal echocardiography. The main factors for the missed diagnoses of TAPVC in the 32 fetuses were anatomic variants leading to the formation of a false pulmonary venous horn‐like structure, the combination of TAPVC with other intracardiac anomalies, difficulty or inability to show the course and abouchement of TAPVC on conventional color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI), and excessive color flow gain, with a rate of approximately 53.1% (17/32). A decreased left atrial size and augmentation of the PLAS index may be indicators of false pulmonary venous horn‐like structure.ConclusionFalse pulmonary venous horn‐like structures due to anatomic variants are a major factor in the missed diagnosis of fetal TAPVC. The presence of pulmonary venous horn‐like structure in a four‐chamber view does not completely exclude TAPVC.
Optical and Band Gap Study of Violet‐Blue Broadband Emitting Dy3+ Codoped Y2SiO5:Ce3+ Phosphor for nUV White Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Ukare R. S.  , Kurzekar R. R.  , Zade G. D.  , Yerpude A. N.  , Dhoble S. J.  
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTY2SiO5:Ce3+, Y2SiO5:Dy3+, and Y2SiO5:Ce3+ and Dy3+ phosphors were successfully synthesized using the oxalate wet chemical method. Phase purity, emission and excitation spectra, FTIR, and the chromaticity coordinate were adopted to represent the performance of the samples. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum Y2SiO5:Ce3+ and Dy3+ phosphor shows a broadband in violet‐blue region with a bandwidth of nearly 75 nm due to combine effect of Ce3+–Dy3+ ions with another emission peaks of Dy3+ ions peaking at 574 nm. It has been discussed how the Ce3+–Dy3+ ion pair enhances the PL intensity of violet‐blue light through efficient energy transfer (ET). The chromaticity coordinate of Y2SiO5:Ce3+ (1 mol%), Dy3+ (0.3 mol%) phosphors is 𝑥 = 0.167 and 𝑦 = 0.034. The CCT value is used to find color temperatures. The energy band gap and refractive index of Y2SiO5:Dy3+ are determined using the bonding parameter and Tauc's plot. Prepared phosphors might be an excellent choice for lighting applications based on all of the findings.