bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital Railway as a precondition for industry, science and education interaction by knowledge management
Authors: Khabarov V I , Volegzhanina I S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Digital systems in railways known as “digital railways” have dramatically changed the railway industry and the nature of railway employees’ work. The Digital Railway is in a large extend linked with the knowledge-based economy, knowledge management and knowledge management technologies which have had a significant impact on digital transformations in the industry and professional education. An ontology characterized the cause-effect and aggregative relations reflecting transformation chains in the various spheres of human activity and shedding light on the Digital Railway place in the context of digital economy is presented. The article argues that the Digital Railway role in changing mechanisms of interaction between industry and universities, which are also specialized research centres with closer ties to the industry, is best understood applying to the idea of “a smart contract” that can be reduced to artificial intelligent agents serving as intermediaries providing interaction between the non-human and human roles in a business process. With the smart contract technology, the Digital Railway might provide a precedent in development of the Hybrid Corporate Intelligence based on industry-related knowledge redistributed between artificial intelligent agents and employees. From this perspective, the process of corporate informatization is seen through a system of artificial intelligent agents implying the formalization of operational rules and regulations into a shared knowledge base in a form of ontologies. The proposed idea can be transferred to universities where smart contracts may support professional training as a business process.
Digitalization of the transport industry: social-and-psychological emphasis
Authors: Leontev Mikhail , Magera Tatiana 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The transport industry is currently undergoing digital transformation in almost all respects, which is replacing automation. The process of digital transformation of transport is closely related to the implementation of long-term development programs for Smart Cities. The changes caused by the digital transformation of transport will have a positive effect on every urban resident and on society as a whole, especially in terms of reducing travel time, the number of errors in traffic schedules, reducing the number of traffic jams and reducing the size of land allocated for parking, improving the environmental situation in cities. The authors, based on existing developments and the results of their own research, identified and characterized the social-and-psychological components of the scenarios of digital transformation of urban transport. It is necessary now to pay attention to such social-and-psychological emphasis of the digitalization of the transport industry, such as rising unemployment among drivers, the development of sharing and car-sharing against the background of a lack of psycho-emotional satisfaction from the services provided, and social and physical isolation. These negative factors are seen as a signal for the development of proactive actions.
Development of digital tax services in the transport industry in the Russian Federation
Authors: Pirogova Oksana , Zasenko Vilena , Medvednikova Daria 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper is based on the analysis of the transformation of the tax system of the Russian Federation in the transport industry. We directly analyzed the tax monitoring system, its effectiveness, examined barriers to participation in this system, as well as the prospects for the development of this project in the transport industry. The analysis of the problems of the Russian Federation tax system in the context of digitalization in the transport industry is carried out and the ways of solving these problems undertaken by the state are analyzed. To analyze the solutions to the problem, it is proposed to identify the relationship between the implementation of the tax monitoring system and the number of participants in this program, and the growth of contributions to the federal budget of the country. To identify relationships based on the dynamics of the number of participants and tax deductions, a logistic curve was constructed reflecting the increase in the number of participants in the tax monitoring system in the future, as well as a regression model. A direct relationship between the analyzed factors was obtained, and the effectiveness of the transformation of the state tax system in the context of digitalization in the transport industry was proved. The proposed models can be used to assess the correct implementation of the measures taken to solve the problems of the tax system of the Russian Federation in the transport industry.
Modelling of project planning processes in high-tech technologies in the development of intelligent transport systems
Authors: Matveykin V , Nemtinov V , Dmitrievsky B , Terekhova A , Praveen K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The article describes the task of modeling a project for the development of a research and development management system (R & D) in transport sectors. The economic essence of the tasks is determined, the necessity of using information technologies is justified, the cost price calculation is formalized, design decisions are justified, informational support of the task complex is developed in the development of intelligent transport systems. Informational support of a set of tasks was developed, its software implementation was considered: data flow diagrams and functional diagrams were presented, and a system operation scenario was described. The management system solves the problem of determining the composition of research workers, calculating the planned and actual cost, the formation of contracts for the execution of work and the control of their payment cost analysis. The proposed management system can be used for any organizational structure of the enterprise and activities. The importance of solving to driven by energy efficiency in the transport sector. After the implementation of the system, the number of executed contracts will increase, profit from this area of the enterprise’s activity will increase, and the cost of processing information will also decrease.
Analysis and digital transformation of the transport sector of the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: Gibadullin A A , Morkovkin D E , Hutarava I I , Stroev P V , Pivovarova O V 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The presented study is devoted to the assessment of the transport complex of the Eurasian Economic Union and the formation of conditions for its digital transformation. As part of the work done, it was revealed that the transport complexes of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union were created during the period of centralized government and directive planning of the transport industry. The analyzed indicators of the transport system of the Union showed an increase in the volume traffic. At the same time, it was found in the work that further convergence of transport complexes is required to increase the efficiency of the supranational transport industry. The study proposed a model of digital transformation of the transport complex of the Eurasian Economic Union, which will ensure further convergence of the transport industry and increase the efficiency of the entire supranational complex.
Motives of hostile takeovers of transport corporations
Authors: Gerasimenko A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
At the present stage of development of the transport corporations global market, mergers and acquisitions are widespread. Acquisitions are friendly and hostile. The process of friendly takeover is always preceded by negotiations between the parties. In a hostile takeover, the management of the target company is completely disconnected from the share buyback process. Creating protection against a hostile takeover is the goal of any business, it can serve the interests of the shareholders of the target company if the latter wish to maximize their profits from the sale of their shareholding and have additional arguments for the forced sale of the company. Protection a transport corporation against hostile takeover is the whole range of actions that the board of directors and company management take to reduce the likelihood of a company takeover. To build effective defense of a company, it is very important to understand what motives the aggressors are guided by during a hostile takeover. The question of the motives of the hostile takeover is a key one, but it has not yet received adequate coverage in the theory and practice of corporate governance. This article presents patterns of behavior of takeover participants, analyzes their motives, and evaluates the development of the institution of hostile takeovers of transport corporations.
Legal regulation of sanitary protection zones
Authors: Leskova J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the main issues of legal regulation of establishment of sanitary protection zones during construction of real estate for transport companies, which directly affect environmental component of transport and construction business and rights of citizens. At present, Russia has legislation establishing sanitary protection zones based on the 2000 classification of industrial facilities and requirements for limiting economic activity within the boundaries of such zones. Existing modern system of Russian legislation on sanitary protection zones is criticized for following points: 1) classification of industrial enterprises requires revision taking into account modern realities; 2) current Russian legislation does not fix the obligation of transport and construction (operating) organizations to plant greenery in sanitary protection zones (at the municipal level, this gap is not always eliminated); 3) the issue of developing common sanitary protection zones for several enterprises has not been resolved; 4) it is required to decide on the need to develop recommendations for landscaping of sanitary protection zones and develop recommendations on landscaping of sanitary zones by the entrepreneurial community (an association of builders - self-regulatory organizations). The foregoing emphasizes the need to conduct research on indicated points. The study was prepared with financial support of Russian Federal Property Fund, the project “Self-regulatory organization as a legal model for implementation and development of social entrepreneurship in the construction sector” No. 18-011-00974.
Research of the needs of passengers of the transport infrastructure of a municipal organization
Authors: Balabanova A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The article researches the needs of passengers of the transport infrastructure of a municipal organization, and analyzes the degree of satisfaction of requests from citizens. The article used the method of expert evaluation. In particular, a survey was conducted of citizens who used the municipal bus stations, as well as a conversation with the employees of the bus stations. The survey was conducted in February 2020 at two municipal bus stations in Sochi. To reduce the cost, increase the efficiency and speed of the process, a larger number of questionnaires were distributed electronically and in the paper form directly at the station. The questionnaires were also distributed through social networks and in the form of a QR code in vehicles and on the territory of bus stations. As a result, the following was investigated: passenger satisfaction with openness, completeness, and accessibility of information; passenger satisfaction with timely updating of information and compliance of information with the approved schedule; satisfaction with the comfort of the station conditions; assessment of the friendliness and courtesy of bus station employees; direct communication assessment; performance assessment.
Numerical simulation analysis of effect of energy band alignment and functional layer thickness on the performance for perovskite solar cells with Cd1-xZnxS electron transport layer
Authors: Yu Xing , Zou Xiaoping , Cheng Jin , Chang Chuangchuang , Zhou Zixiao , Li Guangdong , Liu Baoyu , Wang Junqi , Chen Dan , Yao Yujun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Energy band alignment between perovskite layer and charge transport layers is critical to the perovskite solar cell efficiency. The thickness of functional layers also has a great influence on the device performance. We have optimized the energy band alignment at the interface between electron transport layer (ETL) and perovskite layer by using appropriate Cd1-xZnxS ETL (x represents the Zn molar concentration). Different hole transport layers (HTLs) have also been selected to address the mismatching energy band alignment at perovskite/HTL interface. Additionally, the thickness of Cd1-xZnxS ETL and perovskite layer (MAPbI3) has been optimized. We performed all the analysis via numerical simulation with wx Analysis of Microelectronic and Photonic Structures (wxAMPS) software. We also compared the results obtained in this study, with results reported in other literature to ascertain the validity of the results. The results show that the device performance could be improved by appropriately increasing the molar concentration of Zn in Cd1-xZnxS. Spike-type energy band structure at the interface of MAPbI3/HTL could favor the performance of perovskite solar cells when MASnBr3 is adopted as HTL. Appropriate ETL and perovskite layer thickness would increase the short circuit current and reduce the recombination loss.
Relativistic aberration and null Doppler shift within the framework of superluminal and subluminal nondiffracting waves
Authors: Saari Peeter , Besieris Ioannis M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We reveal relations between superluminal and subluminal spatiotemporally localized optical pulses and the phenomena of the relativistic aberration of a wavevector and the Doppler shift. It turns out that such waves are Lorentz-transformed versions of simple optical waves generated in another reference frame. The requirement of a null Doppler shift is shown to give rise to a speed associated with the relativistic velocity addition law of a double (two-step) Lorentz transformation. The effects of such a transformation are examined both in terms of four-coordinates and in the spectral domain. It is established that a subluminal pulse reverses its direction. In addition to a change in direction, the propagation term of a superluminal pulse becomes negative. The aberration due to a double Lorentz transformation is examined in detail for propagation invariant superluminal waves (X wave, Bessel X wave), as well as intensity-invariant superluminal and subluminal waves. Detailed symmetry considerations are provided for the superluminal focus X wave and the subluminal MacKinnon wavepacket.
Self-Location in Interactive Fiction
Authors: Antonsen Paal Fjeldvig 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to make sense of a characteristic feature of interactive fictions, such as video game fictions, adventure books and role playing games. In particular, I describe one important way consumers of interactive fiction ‘take on the role’ of a fictional character and are ‘involved’ in the story. I argue that appreciative engagement with such works requires imagining being someone else and imagining parts of the story in a self-locating manner. In short, consuming works of interactive fiction involves imagining the story from the protagonist’s perspective.
A review of current ophthalmic anaesthetic practice
Authors: McRae Laura , Presland Andrew 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Intro
Ophthalmic surgery ranks among the commonest procedures performed worldwide. This review considers the range of anaesthetic techniques available to the modern ophthalmic anaesthetist, and practical considerations to evaluate in different circumstances. There is a brief summary of the main issues pertaining to the common ophthalmic subspecialties and operations.

Sources of data
Pubmed.

Areas of agreement
We present a view of contemporary ophthalmic anaesthetic practice as we see it, both from current UK clinical experience, and the available published evidence.

Areas of controversy
There is an ongoing debate about the safety of sharp needle blocks (SNBs) compared to subtenons and topical techniques, but SNBs still have a role to play, both in specific cases, and in circumstances where resources are limited.

Growing points
It remains a challenge to provide safe, cost effective anaesthesia to a growing patient base with ever increasing demands and medical comorbidities. There is a continuing trend towards replacing general with local anaesthesia where possible.

Research
Research in ophthalmic anaesthesia, as in so many areas, has been plagued by heterogeneity and small studies. A coordinated, large scale, multicentred approach to research questions in future would help to guide best practice with more certainty.
Disentangling the ecological basis of floral trait variation in NeotropicalPiperspecies
Authors: Valentin-Silva Adriano , Batalha Marco Antonio , Guimarães Elza 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn generalist pollination systems, it has been assumed that pollinators play a minor role in the diversification of floral traits, but recent studies have pointed to a different scenario. Although pollination in Piper is considered generalist, there are flower and inflorescence variations among subclades that may be associated with different pollinator functional groups. Based on this, we aimed to test whether pollinators influenced the evolution of floral traits in a clade of generalist plants, by studying 17 co-occurring Piper spp. Sixteen species were insect-pollinated (46 species: bees, beetles and flies). We found no evidence of anemophily. Eight species were dependent on pollen vectors for sexual reproduction, but no correlation between floral and pollinator traits was recorded. None of the floral traits presented phylogenetic signal, and the evolution of these traits was not correlated. Nine species were independent of pollen vectors for sexual reproduction. We did not find any evidence of pollinator-driven floral diversification of Piper spp.; we suggest a possible role of abiotic factors as agents of selection on floral diversification. As self-pollination seems to be a common feature in the genus, the flexibility of mating systems could be another important factor related to the maintenance of floral phenotypic variation.
Sensorimotor cortex beta oscillations reflect motor skill learning ability after stroke
Authors: Espenhahn Svenja , Rossiter Holly E , van Wijk Bernadette C M , Redman Nell , Rondina Jane M , Diedrichsen Joern , Ward Nick S 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRecovery of skilled movement after stroke is assumed to depend on motor learning. However, the capacity for motor learning and factors that influence motor learning after stroke have received little attention. In this study, we first compared motor skill acquisition and retention between well-recovered stroke patients and age- and performance-matched healthy controls. We then tested whether beta oscillations (15–30 Hz) from sensorimotor cortices contribute to predicting training-related motor performance. Eighteen well-recovered chronic stroke survivors (mean age 64 ± 8 years, range: 50–74 years) and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were trained on a continuous tracking task and subsequently retested after initial training (45–60 min and 24 h later). Scalp electroencephalography was recorded during the performance of a simple motor task before each training and retest session. Stroke patients demonstrated capacity for motor skill learning, but it was diminished compared to age- and performance-matched healthy controls. Furthermore, although the properties of beta oscillations prior to training were comparable between stroke patients and healthy controls, stroke patients did show less change in beta measures with motor learning. Lastly, although beta oscillations did not help to predict motor performance immediately after training, contralateral (ipsilesional) sensorimotor cortex post-movement beta rebound measured after training helped predict future motor performance, 24 h after training. This finding suggests that neurophysiological measures such as beta oscillations can help predict response to motor training in chronic stroke patients and may offer novel targets for therapeutic interventions.
Community development and financialization: making the connections
Authors: Finnegan Fergal , McCrea Niamh , Chasaide Nessa Ní 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe current period of finance-driven capitalism, which can be broadly dated from the mid-1970s, has had profound implications for community development. Yet there is relatively little sustained engagement with research on financialized capitalism in community development circles. Bringing together writers and activists from a variety of contexts, the purpose of this special issue is to demonstrate the significance of financialization and its connections, on various levels, to community development globally. This introductory article synthesizes the insights of our contributors with scholarship from the fields of critical political economy, economic and historical sociology, and social movement studies, among others. In doing so, it analyses the diverse and variegated ways financialized capitalism is affecting communities’ access to public resources, affordable housing, safe and stable livelihoods, and a clean and healthy environment. We also highlight how the complexity and depth of financialization, and the extent to which it relies on highly specialized and inaccessible forms of knowledge to reproduce itself, impacts on community development as a form of praxis. The institutional cover provided to the system of finance by states and international financial institutions, and by certain NGOs and community organizations, has deeply embedded financialization at macro, micro and meso levels of the economy and society. However, while financialization places profound and often insurmountable constraints on community development’s democratic ideals, some of our contributors have pointed to possible ways forward. These are characterized by intensive popular education, political engagement and action. We also outline these in the hope that the special issue will contribute to more discussion of these vital processes and stimulate further purposive action.
Intention to receive a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in Italy and its association with trust, worry and beliefs about the origin of the virus
Authors: Prati Gabriele 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of the current study was to determine the extent to which Italian people intend to receive a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 and to investigate its associations with worry, institutional trust and beliefs about the non-natural origin of the virus. A sample of 624 people living in Italy was recruited in April 2020 using an online platform. The survey included questions about intention to receive a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, trust, worry and beliefs about the origin of the virus. Most respondents (75.8%) intended to receive a vaccine, while 32 (5.1%) and 63 (10.1%) participants responded ‘No’ and ‘I do not know’, respectively. The remaining participants (9.0%) chose not to respond to this question. Controlling for socio-demographic factors, a multinomial logistic regression model revealed that no intention to receive a vaccine was associated with lower levels of worry and institutional trust, while increased odds for responding ‘do not know’ were found among participants holding beliefs about the non-natural origin of the virus. Vaccine acceptance may not be sufficient to establish a high level of herd immunity and a successful implementation of new pandemic vaccination programs should take into account trust, conspiracy beliefs and worry.