bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
11C Radiolabeling of anle253b: a Putative PET Tracer for Parkinson's Disease That Binds to α‐Synuclein Fibrils in vitro and Crosses the Blood‐Brain Barrier
Authors: Maurer Andreas , Leonov Andrei , Ryazanov Sergey , Herfert Kristina , Kuebler Laura , Buss Sabrina , Schmidt Felix , Weckbecker Daniel , Linder Ruth , Bender Dirk , Giese Armin , Pichler Bernd J. , Griesinger Christian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThere is an urgent clinical need for imaging of α‐synuclein (αSyn) fibrils, the hallmark biomarker for Parkinson's disease, in neurodegenerative disorders. Despite immense efforts, promising tracer candidates for nuclear imaging of αSyn are rare. Diphenyl pyrazoles are known modulators of αSyn aggregation and thus bear potential for non‐invasive detection of this biomarker in vivo. Here we demonstrate high‐affinity binding of the family member anle253b to fibrillar αSyn and present a high‐yielding site‐selective radiosynthesis route for 11C radiolabeling using in‐situ generated [11C]formaldehyde and reductive methylation. Radio‐HPLC of the tracer after incubation with rat serum in vitro shows excellent stability of the molecule. Positron emission tomography in healthy animals is used to assess the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of the tracer, showing good penetration of the blood–brain barrier and low background binding to the non‐pathological brain.
Symptom burden among older breast cancer survivors: The Thinking and Living With Cancer (TLC) study
Authors: Mandelblatt Jeanne S. , Zhai Wanting , Ahn Jaeil , Small Brent J. , Ahles Tim A. , Carroll Judith E. , Denduluri Neelima , Dilawari Asma , Extermann Martine , Graham Deena , Hurria Arti , Isaacs Claudine , Jacobsen Paul B. , Jim Heather S. L. , Luta George , McDonald Brenna C. , Patel Sunita K. , Root James C. , Saykin Andrew J. , Tometich Danielle B. , Zhou Xingtao , Cohen Harvey J. 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundLittle is known about longitudinal symptom burden, its consequences for well‐being, and whether lifestyle moderates the burden in older survivors.MethodsThe authors report on 36‐month data from survivors aged ≥60 years with newly diagnosed, nonmetastatic breast cancer and noncancer controls recruited from August 2010 through June 2016. Symptom burden was measured as the sum of self‐reported symptoms/diseases as follows: pain (yes or no), fatigue (on the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy [FACT]‐Fatigue scale), cognitive (on the FACT‐Cognitive scale), sleep problems (yes or no), depression (on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale), anxiety (on the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory), and cardiac problems and neuropathy (yes or no). Well‐being was measured using the FACT‐General scale, with scores from 0 to 100. Lifestyle included smoking, alcohol use, body mass index, physical activity, and leisure activities. Mixed models assessed relations between treatment group (chemotherapy with or without hormone therapy, hormone therapy only, and controls) and symptom burden, lifestyle, and covariates. Separate models tested the effects of fluctuations in symptom burden and lifestyle on function.ResultsAll groups reported high baseline symptoms, and levels remained high over time; differences between survivors and controls were most notable for cognitive and sleep problems, anxiety, and neuropathy. The adjusted burden score was highest among chemotherapy‐exposed survivors, followed by hormone therapy‐exposed survivors versus controls (P < .001). The burden score was related to physical, emotional, and functional well‐being (eg, survivors with lower vs higher burden scores had 12.4‐point higher physical well‐being scores). The composite lifestyle score was not related to symptom burden or well‐being, but physical activity was significantly associated with each outcome (P < .005).ConclusionsCancer and its treatments are associated with a higher level of actionable symptoms and greater loss of well‐being over time in older breast cancer survivors than in comparable noncancer populations, suggesting the need for surveillance and opportunities for intervention.
Candidates for photic entrainment pathways to the circadian clock via optic lobe neuropils in the Madeira cockroach
Authors: Arnold Thordis , Korek Sebastian , Massah Azar , Eschstruth David , Stengl Monika 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe compound eye of cockroaches is obligatory for entrainment of the Madeira cockroach's circadian clock, but the cellular nature of its entrainment pathways is enigmatic. Employing multiple‐label immunocytochemistry, histochemistry, and backfills, we searched for photic entrainment pathways to the accessory medulla (AME), the circadian clock of the Madeira cockroach. We wanted to know whether photoreceptor terminals could directly contact pigment‐dispersing factor‐immunoreactive (PDF‐ir) circadian pacemaker neurons with somata in the lamina (PDFLAs) or somata next to the AME (PDFMEs). Short green‐sensitive photoreceptor neurons of the compound eye terminated in lamina layers LA1 and LA2, adjacent to PDFLAs and PDFMEs that branched in LA3. Long UV‐sensitive compound eye photoreceptor neurons terminated in medulla layer ME2 without direct contact to ipsilateral PDFMEs that arborized in ME4. Multiple neuropeptide‐ir interneurons branched in ME4, connecting the AME to ME2. Before, extraocular photoreceptors of the lamina organ were suggested to send terminals to accessory laminae. There, they overlapped with PDFLAs that mostly colocalized PDF, FMRFamide, and 5‐HT immunoreactivities, and with terminals of ipsi‐ and contralateral PDFMEs. We hypothesize that during the day cholinergic activation of the largest PDFME via lamina organ photoreceptors maintains PDF release orchestrating phases of sleep–wake cycles. As ipsilateral PDFMEs express excitatory and contralateral PDFMEs inhibitory PDF autoreceptors, diurnal PDF release keeps both PDF‐dependent clock circuits in antiphase. Future experiments will test whether ipsilateral PDFMEs are sleep‐promoting morning cells, while contralateral PDFMEs are activity‐promoting evening cells, maintaining stable antiphase via the largest PDFME entrained by extraocular photoreceptors of the lamina organ.
A blue can conceal another! Noninvasive multispectroscopic analyses of mixtures of indigo and Prussian blue
Authors: Biron Carole , Mounier Aurélie , Le Bourdon Gwénaëlle , Servant Laurent , Chapoulie Rémy , Daniel Floréal 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBlue colors were sparsely used in the first colored Japaneseukiyo‐eprints but became predominant during the 19th century, mainly due to the integration of the synthetic Prussian blue in the palette of the printers around 1830. For a long time, researchers have assumed that the traditional Japanese organic blue colorants such as indigo were substituted by cheaper Prussian blue. Some analytical studies conducted on such artworks showed evidence of the common use of indigo and Prussian blue in Japanese paintings, alone or mixed together. Recent measurements carried out on bluish areas of anukiyo‐edesigned by Utamaro showed the simultaneous use of the two pigments. However, if visible reflectance spectroscopy suggested the single use of Indigo, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) also indicated the presence of Prussian blue. These results question about the possible identification of all the pigments of a colored mixture by using a single analytical technique. Without using FTIR spectroscopy, the Prussian blue would not have been detected, whereas on infrared spectra the expected specific bands ascribed to indigo are not identified. The objective of this work is to investigate mixtures of pigments, using noninvasive spectroscopic techniques in order to assess their limits of detection. Fluorimetry, hyperspectral imaging, and infrared spectroscopies have been performed on three color charts made of indigo, Prussian blue, and mixtures of them at different proportions of matter. The results emphasize the systematic identification of Prussian blue thanks to infrared spectroscopy, whereas the identification of indigo, mixed with Prussian blue, appears to be more challenging.
Charge controlled delay element enabled widely linear power efficient MPCG‐MDLL in 1.2V, 65nm CMOS
Authors: Kammari Raviteja , Pasupureddi Vijaya Sankara Rao 
Published: December 2019

SummaryIn this work, a robust, low‐power, widely linear multiphase clock generation and multiplying delay‐locked loop (MPCG‐MDLL) architecture is realized, using a new differential charge‐mode delay element circuit topology. The heart of any MPCG‐MDLL architecture is the delay element, and hence, the characteristics of the delay element influence the overall performance of the MPCG‐MDLL, in terms of its specifications such as peak‐to‐peak jitter, lock range, delay range, control voltage range, and power consumption. The proposed eight‐phase MPCG‐MDLL along with the charge‐mode delay element outperforms the conventional MPCG‐MDLLs that deploy delay elements such as a current‐starved inverter (CSI), wide‐range CSI, triply controlled delay cell, digital‐controlled delay element, and the like. The eight‐phase MPCG‐MDLL along with the new charge‐mode delay element circuit topology is implemented in 1.2‐V, 65‐nm CMOS technology. The performance results show that the eight‐stage delay line has a delay range from 640 to 960 ps over the rail‐to‐rail control voltage range. The implemented MPCG‐DLL is robust over process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) corners and exhibits a lock range of 400 MHz and a peak‐to‐peak jitter of less than 60 fs for all the DLL output phases and peak‐to‐peak jitter of 0.54 and 1.24 ps for the synthesized 5‐GHz clocks for an input reference clock frequency of 1.25 GHz. The MPCG‐MDLL consumes 4.74 mW of power and occupies an area of 0.017 mm2.
The clustering of voltage‐gated sodium channels in various excitable membranes
Authors: Eshed‐Eisenbach Yael , Peles Elior 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn excitable membranes, the clustering of voltage‐gated sodium channels (VGSC) serves to enhance excitability at critical sites. The two most profoundly studied sites of channel clustering are the axon initial segment, where action potentials are generated and the node of Ranvier, where action potentials propagate along myelinated axons. The clustering of VGSC is found, however, in other highly excitable sites such as axonal terminals, postsynaptic membranes of dendrites and muscle fibers, and pre‐myelinated axons. In this review, different examples of axonal as well as non‐axonal clustering of VGSC are discussed and the underlying mechanisms are compared. Whether the clustering of channels is intrinsically or extrinsically induced, it depends on the submembranous actin‐based cytoskeleton that organizes these highly specialized membrane microdomains through specific adaptor proteins.
Fluctuated water depth with high nutrient concentrations promote the invasiveness ofWedelia trilobatain Wetland
Authors: Sun Jianfan , Javed Qaiser , Azeem Ahmad , Ullah Ikram , Saifullah Muhammad , Kama Rakhwe , Du Daolin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe distribution of invasive and native species in wetlands is determined by hydrological conditions; whereas conditions such as water depth fluctuations, variations in the nutrient concentrations are expected to affect the growth and physiological traits of plants. For the assessment of such effects, we conduct greenhouse experiment with three factors; 1) water depth of 5 cm and 15 cm (static and fluctuated); 2) three levels of nutrient concentrations (i) full‐strength Hoagland solution (N1), (ii) ¼‐strength Hoagland solution (N2), and (iii)1/8‐strength Hoagland solution (N3); and 3) species, invasiveWedelia trilobata(L.) and its congener, nativeWedelia chinensis(Osbeck.) under mono and mixed culture. Water depth of 5 cm combined with any of the nutrient treatments significantly restrained the photosynthesis, intracellular CO2concentration and leaf chlorophyll of bothW. trilobataandW. chinensis. Increase in the water depth to 15 cm with low‐nutrient treatment N3 did not sustain the physiological traits ofW. chinensisunder mono and mixed planting. A great loss was noted in the growth ofW. chinensisat 15 cm static and fluctuated water depth with low‐nutrient treatment (N3) and under mixed culture. In addition, water depth fluctuations with both low‐ and high‐nutrient treatments significantly affected the root‐shoot ratio, relative growth rate, and interspecific interaction among these two species.W. trilobatabenefited more from competitive interaction index (CII) under fluctuated water depth at 15 cm with high nutrients, and the value of CII was clearly positive. Therefore, higher competitive ability may contribute to the invasiveness ofW. trilobatain wetlands.
Prolargin and matrix metalloproteinase‐2 in heart failure after heart transplantation and their association with haemodynamics
Authors: Ahmed Abdulla , Ahmed Salaheldin , Arvidsson Mattias , Bouzina Habib , Lundgren Jakob , Rådegran Göran 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsRemodelling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a key mechanism involved in the development and progression of heart failure (HF) but also functional in associated pulmonary hypertension (PH). Our aim was to identify plasma ECM proteins associated to end‐stage HF and secondary PH in relation to haemodynamics, before and after heart transplantation (HT).Methods and resultsTwenty ECM plasma proteins were analysed with proximity extension assay in 20 controls and 26 HF patients pre‐HT and 1 year post‐HT. Right heart catherization haemodynamics were assessed in the patients during the preoperative evaluation and at the 1 year follow‐up post‐HT. Plasma levels of prolargin and matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) were elevated (P < 0.0001) in HF patients compared with controls and decreased (P < 0.0001) post‐HT towards controls' levels. The decrease in prolargin post‐HT correlated with improved mean right atrial pressure (rs = 0.63; P = 0.00091), stroke volume index (rs = −0.73; P < 0.0001), cardiac index (rs = −0.64; P = 0.00057), left ventricular stroke work index (rs = −0.49; P = 0.015), and N‐terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (rs = 0.7; P < 0.0001). The decrease in MMP‐2 post‐HT correlated with improved mean pulmonary artery pressure (rs = 0.58; P = 0.0025), mean right atrial pressure (rs = 0.56; P = 0.0046), pulmonary artery wedge pressure (rs = 0.48; P = 0.016), and N‐terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (rs = 0.56; P = 0.0029).ConclusionsThe normalization pattern in HF patients of plasma prolargin and MMP‐2 post‐HT towards controls' levels and their associations with improved haemodynamics indicate that prolargin and MMP‐2 may reflect, in part, the aberrant ECM remodelling involved in the pathophysiology of HF and associated PH. Their potential clinical use as biomarkers or targets for future therapy in HF and related PH remains to be investigated.
A diabetes‐associated genetic variant is associated with diastolic dysfunction and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Molvin John , Jujic Amra , Nilsson Peter M. , Leosdottir Margret , Lindblad Ulf , Daka Bledar , Bennet Louise , Råstam Lennart , Lyssenko Valeriya , Magnusson Martin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsAlthough the epidemiological association between Type 2 diabetes and congestive heart failure (CHF) as well as cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well established, associations between diabetes‐related single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), CHF, and CVD have been surprisingly inconclusive. Our aim is to examine if 43 diabetes‐related SNPs were associated with prevalent diastolic dysfunction assessed by echocardiography and incident CVD and/or CHF.Methods and resultsWe genotyped 43 SNPs that previously reported genome‐wide significant associations with Type 2 diabetes, in 1444 subjects from the population‐based Malmö Preventive Project‐Re‐examination Study (MPP‐RES) (mean age 68 years; 29% women, 36% prevalent diabetes) (discovery cohort) and in 996 subjects from the VARA cohort (mean age 51 years, 52% women, 7% prevalent diabetes) (replication cohort). Multivariable logistic regression was assessed. Genetic variants that reached significant association with diastolic dysfunction in both cohorts were then analysed for association with incident CVD/CHF in a larger sample of the MPP‐RES cohort (3,407 cases and 11,776 controls, median follow up >30 years) using Cox regression analysis. A common variant at the HNF1B [major allele (T) coded, also the risk allele for diabetes] was the only SNP associated with increased risk of prevalent diastolic dysfunction in both the discovery [MPP‐RES; odds ratio (OR) 1.21, P = 0.024), and the replication cohort (VARA; OR 1.38, P = 0.042]. Cox regression analysis showed that carriers of the T‐allele of rs757210 had an increased risk of future CVD (HR 1.05, P = 0.042). No significant association was seen for incident CHF.ConclusionsThe diabetes susceptibility locus HNF1B is associated with prevalent diastolic dysfunction in two independent Swedish cohorts as well as incident cardiovascular disease.
Terrestrial LiDAR monitoring of coastal foredune evolution in managed and unmanaged systems
Authors: Conery I. , Brodie K. , Spore N. , Walsh J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCoastal dunes provide essential protection for infrastructure in developed regions, acting as the first line of defence against ocean‐side flooding. Quantifying dune erosion, growth and recovery from storms is critical from management, resiliency and engineering with nature perspectives. This study utilizes 22 months of high‐resolution terrestrial LiDAR (Riegl VZ‐2000) observations to investigate the impact of management, anthropogenic modifications and four named storms on dune morphological evolution along ~100 m of an open‐coast, recently nourished beach in Nags Head, NC. The influences of specific management strategies – such as fencing and plantings – were evaluated by comparing these to the morphologic response at an unmanaged control site at the USACE Field Research Facility (FRF) in Duck, NC (33 km to the north), which experienced similar environmental forcings. Various beach‐dune morphological parameters were extracted (e.g. backshore‐dune volume) and compared with aeolian and hydrodynamic forcing metrics between each survey interval.The results show that LiDAR is a useful tool for quantifying complex dune evolution over fine spatial and temporal scales. Under similar forcings, the managed dune grew 1.7 times faster than the unmanaged dune, due to a larger sediment supply and enhanced capture through fencing, plantings and walkovers. These factors at the managed site contributed to the welding of the incipient dune to the primary foredune over a short period of less than a year, which has been observed to take up to decades in natural systems. Storm events caused alongshore variable dune erosion primarily to the incipient dune, yet also caused significant accretion, particularly along the crest at the managed site, resulting in net dune growth. Traditional empirical Bagnold equations correlated with observed trends of backshore‐dune growth but overpredicted magnitudes. This is likely because these formulations do not encompass supply‐limiting factors and erosional processes. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of air mobility in a soil pipe on water flow through a model hillslope after pipe clogging
Authors: Yamasaki Takuhei , Hamamoto Shoichiro , Nishimura Taku 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSoil pipes (continuous macropores expanding laterally in the soil subsurface) are a key factor controlling hillslope water cycles and sediment transport. Soil pipes usually enhance slope stability under rainfall events through their high water drainage ability, and pipe clogging by sediments is regarded as a risk for slope failure. In this study, we conducted a bench‐scale pipe clogging experiment to clarify the effect of air mobility in soil pipes on water flow and water pressure build‐up in the slope at the clogged point. Before pipe clogging, the soil pipe drained rainwater effectively and lowered the groundwater table. After the pipe clogging event, the mobility of air in the soil pipe before the clogging determined the water flow in the slope. When the air in the soil pipe connected to the atmosphere and moved freely, the water level in the soil pipe increased at the pipe clogging, and water pressure build‐up was limited near the pipe outlet. On the other hand, when air in the soil pipe was entrapped by the clogging, water pressure suddenly increased, and the groundwater table of the whole slope rose correspondingly. This study clearly demonstrated the importance of pipe morphology with respect to air connectivity between the pipe and atmosphere to elucidate the water flow and slope stability during the pipe clogging event. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estuarine biofilm patterns: Modern analogues for Precambrian self‐organization
Authors: van de Vijsel Roeland C. , van Belzen Jim , Bouma Tjeerd J. , van der Wal Daphne , Cusseddu Valentina , Purkis Sam J. , Rietkerk Max , van de Koppel Johan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract This field and laboratory study examines whether regularly patterned biofilms on present‐day intertidal flats are equivalent to microbially induced bedforms found in geological records dating back to the onset of life on Earth. Algal mats of filamentous Vaucheria species, functionally similar to microbial biofilms, cover the topographic highs of regularly spaced ridge–runnel bedforms. As regular patterning is typically associated with self‐organization processes, indicators of self‐organization are tested and found to support this hypothesis. The measurements suggest that biofilm‐induced sediment trapping and biostabilization enhance bedform relief, strength and multi‐year persistence. This demonstrates the importance of primitive organisms for sedimentary landscape development. Algal‐covered ridges consist of wavy‐crinkly laminated sedimentary deposits that resemble the layered structure of fossil stromatolites and microbially induced sedimentary structures. In addition to layering, both the morphological pattern and the suggested formation mechanism of the recent bedforms are strikingly similar to microbialite strata found in rock records from the Precambrian onwards. This implies that self‐organization was an important morphological process in times when biofilms were the predominant sessile ecosystem. These findings furthermore emphasize that self‐organization dynamics, such as critical transitions invoking ecosystem emergence or collapse, might have been captured in fossil microbialites, influencing their laminae. This notion may be important for paleoenvironmental reconstructions based on such strata. © 2019 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd