bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Primum non nocere’: how harmless is routine wide local excision for AJCC stage IA melanoma?
Authors: Lau KL , Bradish T , Rannan-Eliya S 
Published: April 2020

Background Management of primary cutaneous malignant melanoma is with initial excision biopsy followed by a wide local excision to achieve locoregional control. For low-risk thin melanomas, the added survival benefit from the wide local excision is minimal. In this study, we investigated the morbidities of wide local excision and evaluated the current clinical practice in managing stage IA malignant melanoma. Methods Patients with confirmed stage IA malignant melanoma who had undergone a wide local excision in the 2013/14 period were identified using a specialist cancer multidisciplinary team-held database. Primary pathology, surgical data and follow-up documentation were analysed. Results A total of 231 cases were identified; 95% of patients (n = 220) had malignant melanoma excised completely at first excision biopsy, mean margin 2.8mm (range 0.5–8.0mm). Postoperative morbidities occurred in 25% of patients (n = 57), including 6.6% wound problems, 10.9% scarring problems, 10.0% psychological stress and 0.4% cosmetic concern. Wide local excision reconstructions were performed with primary closure in 82% of patients, split skin grafts in 4%, full-thickness skin grafts in 3% and flaps in 10%. Of the total, 44% of patients (n = 101) had further excisions and 17 received new low-risk melanoma diagnoses. Conclusions We demonstrated that 1cm wide local excision is associated with significant morbidity, which can affect patients’ physical, psychological and social wellbeing. Since wide local excision does not give a survival advantage, and its margin is already frequently reduced in cosmetically sensitive areas, the need for a second full 1cm wide local excision procedure for thin melanoma should be re-evaluated, especially when 95% of our study cohort had their malignant melanoma completely excised by the initial biopsy alone.
Medullary thyroid cancer: epidemiological pattern and factors contributing to recurrence and metastasis
Authors: Hamdy O , Awny S , Metwally IH 
Published: April 2020

Introduction Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a neuroendocrine thyroid carcinoma with parafollicular C cell differentiation. It can occur in either sporadic or hereditary form. Surgery is still the only curative treatment. The efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is poor. Methods This was a retrospective study of 31 patients treated surgically for MTC in our oncology centre at Mansoura University between January 2008 and February 2019. Results The mean age at diagnosis was 39.9 years. The median pathological size was 4cm. Multifocal disease was found in 12 patients and extrathyroid extension in 3 cases. Twenty patients were pathologically node positive. The median number of positive lymph nodes was four. Seven cases were metastatic at diagnosis. Local recurrence occurred in six individuals while distant recurrence occurred only in one. The median time from surgery to local recurrence was 12 months. The estimated mean disease free survival was 56.5 months. Disease free survival was significantly related to age, metastasis and side of nodal spread. Conclusions In our study cohort, the disease occurred predominantly in women and younger patients. Age, distant metastasis and nodal spread were the most significant prognostic factors. This study has also demonstrated that prognosis is not only affected by nodal involvement but also by side of involvement. The role of hemithyroidectomy in node negative unifocal disease with a small tumour size warrants further investigation.
Femtosecond supercontinuum generation around 1560  nm in hollow-core photonic crystal fibers filled with carbon tetrachloride
Authors: Hoang Van Thuy , Kasztelanic Rafal , Stępniewski Grzegorz , Xuan Khoa Dinh , Long Van Cao , Trippenbach Marek , Klimczak Mariusz , Buczyński Ryszard , Pniewski Jacek 
Published: April 2020

We investigated experimentally supercontinuum generation in hollow-core photonic crystal fibers with cores infiltrated with carbon tetrachloride. As a pump source, we used a standard fiber-based femtosecond laser with a central wavelength at 1560 nm and a pulse duration of 90 fs. The first investigated fiber has a zero-dispersion wavelength at 1740 nm and generates a supercontinuum in the wavelength range from 1350 to 1900 nm. The second fiber has a zero-dispersion wavelength at 1440 nm, and the observed supercontinuum spectrum ranges from 1000 to 1900 nm. We numerically analyzed coherence of simulated supercontinuum pulses and noted that the observed supercontinuum spectra had a potential for high coherence. While the dynamics of supercontinuum generation in each of the investigated cases was revealed to be in agreement with the established state of the art in nonlinear fiber optics, our results are the first demonstration of such dynamics, to the best of our knowledge, leading up to octave spanning supercontinuum spectra in liquid-filled hollow-core silica fibers under pumping with a small-footprint femtosecond laser.
Interference-based laser-induced micro-plasma ablation of glass
Authors: Alamri Sabri , Sürmann Paul A. , Lasagni Andrés F. , Kunze Tim 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGlass is one of the most important technical surfaces for numerous applications in automotive, optical, and consumer industries. In addition, by producing textured surfaces with periodic features in the micrometre range, new functions can be created. Although laser-based methods have shown to be capable to produce structured materials in a wide amount of materials, due to its transparency large bandgap dielectrics can be only processed in a controlled manner by employing high-power ultra-short pulsed lasers, thus limiting the employable laser sources. In this article, an interference-based method for the texturing of soda-lime glass using a 15 ns pulsed (1 kHz repetition rate) infrared (1053 nm) laser is proposed, which allows fabricating different periodic patterns with micrometre resolution. This method consists on irradiating a metallic absorber (stainless steel) put in direct contact with the glass sample and inducing locally an etching process on the backside of the glass. Then, the produced plasma at the interference maxima positions leads to the local fabrication of well-defined periodic line-like and dot-like surface patterns. The produced patterns are characterised using white light interferometry and scanning electron microscopy.
Obesity status modifies the association between rs7556897T>C in the intergenic region SLC19A3-CCL20 and blood pressure in French children
Authors: El Shamieh Said , Stathopoulou Maria G. , Bonnefond Amélie , Ndiaye Ndeye Coumba , Lecoeur Cécile , Meyre David , Dadé Sébastien , Chedid Pia , Salami Ali , Shahabi Payman , Dedoussis George V. , Froguel Philippe , Visvikis-Siest Sophie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Growing evidence reports an association between inflammatory markers, obesity and blood pressure (BP). Specifically, the intergenic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7556897T > C (MAF = 0.34) located between SLC19A3 and the CCL20 was shown to be associated with chronic inflammatory diseases. In addition, CCL20 expression was found increased in pancreatic islets of obese rodents and human pancreatic β cells under the influence of inflammation. In this study, we hypothesized that SNP rs7556897 could affect BP levels, thus providing a link between inflammation, BP and obesity.

Methods
BP was measured under supine position with a manual sphygmomanometer; values reported were the means of three readings. We analyzed rs7556897 in 577 normal weight and 689 obese French children. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we quantified CCL20 and SLC19A3 expression in adipose tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of normal weight and overweight children.

Results
The rs7556897C allele was negatively associated with diastolic BP in normal weight children (β = −0.012 ± 0.004, p = 0.006) but positively associated in obese children (β = 2.178 ± 0.71, p = 0.002). A significant interaction between rs7556897T > C and the obesity status (obese or normal weight) was detected (β = 3.49, p = 9.79 × 10−5) for BP in a combined population analysis. CCL20 mRNA was only expressed in the adipose tissue of overweight children, and its expression levels were 10.7×  higher in PBMCs of overweight children than normal weight children. Finally, CCL20 mRNA levels were positively associated with rs7556897T > C in PBMCs of 58 normal weight children (β = 0.43, p = 0.002). SLC19A3 was not expressed in PBMCs, and in adipose tissue, it showed same levels of expression in normal weight and overweight children. The gene expression results may highlight a specific involvement of CCL20 via communicating obesity/inflammation pathways that regulate BP.

Conclusions
Childhood obesity reverses the effect of rs7556897T > C on diastolic BP, possibly via the modulation of CCL20 expression levels.
Top-down and bottom-up approaches for the estimation of measurement uncertainty in coagulation assays
Authors: Lim Yong Kwan , Kweon Oh Joo , Lee Mi-Kyung , Kim Bohyun , Kim Hye Ryoun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
The assessment of measurement uncertainty (MU) in clinical laboratories is essential to the reliable interpretation of results in clinical laboratories. However, despite the introduction of various methods for the expression of uncertainty in measurement, the MUs of coagulation tests have not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to quantify the MU of various coagulation assays according to international guidelines and to report an expected confidence in the quality of coagulation assays.

Methods
We selected activated partial thromboplastin time, international normalized ratio (INR), protein C/S, antithrombin, fibrinogen, and Factor V/VIII/X to quantify the MUs of two coagulation testing systems: ACL TOP 750 CTS (Instrumentation Laboratory, Bedford, MA, USA) and STA Compact (Diagnostica Stago, Asnières-sur-Seine, France). We used international standards and interlaboratory comparison results in accordance with international guidelines in a top-down approach to the assessment of MU. For INR, MU was estimated in a bottom-up approach using reference thromboplastin and certified plasmas.

Results
Top-down approaches resulted in MUs between 3.3% and 21.3% for each measurand. In the bottom-up approach, MUs of INR values ranged from 10.9% to 26.4% and showed an upward trend as INR increased.

Conclusions
In this study, we were successful in quantifying MU of coagulation assays using practical methods. Our results demonstrated that top-down and bottom-up approaches were adequate for coagulation assays. However, some assays showed significant biases against international standards; therefore, standardization would be necessary to ensure more reliable patient results.
A Semiotic Perspective of Metaphor Translation
Authors: Sun Yi , Li Ruiyang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper reports on a translation project launched at Xi’an International Studies University (XISU) in 2017 that focuses on political news published by Hanban, which offers a platform for instructions and services for Chinese language and culture globally. Assisted by the metaphor identification method MIPVU (Metaphor Identification Procedure from Vrije Universiteit) and the data retrieval software HyConc, metaphors in the self-established corpus were efficiently and comprehensively identified. The metaphors were classified into 12 categories based on metaphorical images in the source domains. Next, an analysis of the cultural, communicative, and political characteristics or features of the metaphors was conducted under the framework of semiotics by using a diversity of images of the metaphors’ corresponding signifier and signified to trace the emergence, processing/understanding, and transformation of the metaphors through translation. Ultimately, three feasible translation techniques are proposed that are suitable for different types of metaphors: 1) preserving the metaphorical image, 2) preserving the metaphorical image with annotation, and 3) transforming the metaphorical image, in pursuit of providing reference for translators in related translation practice.
Disorders of placental villous maturation in fetal death
Authors: Jaiman Sunil , Romero Roberto , Pacora Percy , Jung Eunjung , Bhatti Gaurav , Yeo Lami , Kim Yeon Mee , Kim Bomi , Kim Chong Jai , Kim Jung-Sun , Qureshi Faisal , Jacques Suzanne M. , Erez Offer , Gomez-Lopez Nardhy , Hsu Chaur-Dong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aims of this study were to ascertain the frequency of disorders of villous maturation in fetal death and to also delineate other placental histopathologic lesions in fetal death.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational cohort study of fetal deaths occurring among women between January 2004 and January 2016 at Hutzel Women’s Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA. Cases comprised fetuses with death beyond 20 weeks’ gestation. Fetal deaths with congenital anomalies and multiple gestations were excluded. Controls included pregnant women without medical/obstetrical complications and delivered singleton, term (37–42 weeks) neonate with 5-min Apgar score ≥7 and birthweight between the 10thand 90thpercentiles.ResultsNinety-two percent (132/143) of placentas with fetal death showed placental histologic lesions. Fetal deaths were associated with (1) higher frequency of disorders of villous maturation [44.0% (64/143) vs. 1.0% (4/405), P < 0.0001, prevalence ratio, 44.6; delayed villous maturation, 22% (31/143); accelerated villous maturation, 20% (28/143); and maturation arrest, 4% (5/143)]; (2) higher frequency of maternal vascular malperfusion lesions [75.5% (108/143) vs. 35.7% (337/944), P < 0.0001, prevalence ratio, 2.1] and fetal vascular malperfusion lesions [88.1% (126/143) vs. 19.7% (186/944), P < 0.0001, prevalence ratio, 4.5]; (3) higher frequency of placental histologic patterns suggestive of hypoxia [59.0% (85/143) vs. 9.3% (82/942), P < 0.0001, prevalence ratio, 6.8]; and (4) higher frequency of chronic inflammatory lesions [53.1% (76/143) vs. 29.9% (282/944), P < 0.001, prevalence ratio 1.8].ConclusionThis study demonstrates that placentas of womem with fetal death were 44 times more likely to present disorders of villous maturation compared to placentas of those with normal pregnancy. This suggests that the burden of placental disorders of villous maturation lesions is substantial.
Entrepreneurial visions of the self: Language teaching and learning under neoliberal conditions
Authors: Zimmermann Martina , Muth Sebastian 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this special issue, we bring together empirical research that takes a critical perspective on the relationship between language learning and individual aspirations for future success. In doing so we aim to initiate a debate on how neoliberal ideology and mode of governance permeate language learning as part of a wider neoliberal project that postulates the ideal of the competitive and self-responsible language learner. The four contributions illustrate how neoliberal desires about entrepreneurial selves play out differently within different social, political, or linguistic contexts. They do not only address different languages individuals supposedly need to teach or acquire for a successful future within a specific context, but also concentrate on the discourses and social relations shaping these entrepreneurial aspirations. Ranging from vocational training in Japan, early education in Singapore, healthcare tourism in India, to higher education in Switzerland, the contributions all illustrate the role of language as part of the struggle to improve either oneself or others. While the research sites illustrate that investments in language are simultaneously promising and risky and as such dependent on local and global linguistic markets, they equally highlight underlying language ideologies and reveal wider structures of inequality that are firmly embedded in local, national and global contexts.
Two-dimensional nanomaterials for Förster resonance energy transfer–based sensing applications
Authors: Zhou Jie , Chen Jiajie , Ge Yanqi , Shao Yonghong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)–based sensing has been steadily gaining popularity in the areas of biochemical analysis, environmental monitoring, and disease diagnosis in the past 20 years. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials are extensively used as donors and acceptors in the FRET sensing because of their attractive optical and chemical properties. In this review, we first present the FRET theory and calculations to give readers a better understanding of the FRET phenomenon. Then, we discuss the recent research advances in using 2D nanomaterials as donors and acceptor in FRET sensing. Finally, we summarize the existing challenges and future directions of 2D nanomaterials in the FRET sensing applications.
La typologie sémiotique des modalités. Une mise au point
Authors: Badir Sémir 
Published: April 2020

Résumé
On enquête dans cet article sur le concept de modalité comme il a été élaboré dans la théorie sémiotique, distinctement des approches linguistique et logique, à l’instigation d’A. J. Greimas, puis largement employé dans l’analyse des textes. Si la modalité répond tout d’abord de la possibilité de présence d’un verbe modal (pouvoir, vouloir, savoir), bientôt l’effort théorique des sémioticiens a tendu à rendre compte des différentes modalités au moyen d’une structure sémantique. L’exposé de cinq travaux poursuivant cet effort de systématisation (Rengstorf. 1976. Pour une quatrième modalité narrative. Langages 43. 71–77 ; Greimas et Courtés. 1979. Sémiotique. Dictionnaire raisonné de la théorie du langage. Paris: Hachette ; Greimas et Fontanille. 1991. Sémiotique des passions. Paris: Seuil ; Fontanille et Zilberberg. 1998. Tension et signification. Liège: Mardaga ; et Fontanille. 2003 [1999]. Sémiotique du discours. Limoges: PULIM) nous permettra de proposer, dans un premier temps, un bilan. On remarquera, dans un second temps, que les extensions et justifications successives n’ont pas toutefois été sans introduire des contradictions dans la conception théorique de la modalité. Nous mènerons alors les développements nécessaires en vue d’une définition plus raisonnée du concept de modalité et d’une refonte générale du système des modalités.
How to Enhance MSMEs Readiness? an Empirical Study in Semarang Municipality
Authors: Rusdarti Rusdarti , Kistanti Nurjanah Rahayu 
Published: April 2020

The absence of maximum readiness of the existing Micro Small Medium Enterprises or SMEs in Semarang City in facing the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) requires an effort to improve the quality and competitiveness of SMEs. According to this problem, this research had several objectives to achieve, namely 1) evaluating the readiness of Semarang Municipality’s SMEs from various aspects in facing Asean Economic Community (AEC), 2) preparing the strategies to improve Semarang Municipality's SMEs business quality and capacity. This research uses descriptive and SWOT analyses. The research results indicate that SMEs in Semarang Municipality has been ready in facing AEC. The obstacles standing in the way of SMEs include poorly arranged administration, the absence of product standardization, and marketing. The strategies practicable to improve SMEs’ businesses in Semarang Municipality include improving and extending marketing network and organizing training, assistance and technology upgrade for SMEs to improve their product standard, value and quality.
Analysis of Haplotypic Variation and Deletion Polymorphisms Point to Multiple Archaic Introgression Events, Including from Altai Neanderthal Lineage
Authors: Taskent Ozgur , Lin Yen Lung , Patramanis Ioannis , Pavlidis Pavlos , Gokcumen Omer 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Although analysis of modern and ancient genomes showed that Neanderthals contributed genetic material to the ancestors of extant human populations, when and where Neanderthals interacted with modern human populations remain exciting...
The time, extent, and genomic effect of the introgressions from archaic humans into ancestors of extant human populations remain some of the most exciting venues of population genetics research in the past decade. Several studies have shown population-specific signatures of introgression events from Neanderthals, Denisovans, and potentially other unknown hominin populations in different human groups. Moreover, it was shown that these introgression events may have contributed to phenotypic variation in extant humans, with biomedical and evolutionary consequences. In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of the unusually divergent haplotypes in the Eurasian genomes and show that they can be traced back to multiple introgression events. In parallel, we document hundreds of deletion polymorphisms shared with Neanderthals. A locus-specific analysis of one such shared deletion suggests the existence of a direct introgression event from the Altai Neanderthal lineage into the ancestors of extant East Asian populations. Overall, our study is in agreement with the emergent notion that various Neanderthal populations contributed to extant human genetic variation in a population-specific manner.
Pemuliaan Islam Terhadap Kaum Wanita Dalam Perspektif Alquran dan Hukum Positif
Authors: Rohmah Siti Ngainnur 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe phenomenon of cases of harassment and opposition to women in Indonesia is not in accordance with Islamic teachings. Because basically Islam is very glorifying women and upholds the dignity of women. There are several verses which are often wrong and are used as evidence to legitimize the action. This paper presents the interpretation of specific Qur'anic verses on the interpretation of adabi ijtima'i related to the equal rights of men and women in society. There are two interpretations that will be the object of this research, namely Safwah al-Tafasir by Muhammad ‘Ali al-Sabuni and Tafsir al-Misbah by Muhammad Quraish Shihab. This paper examines the analysis and critical discussion of Muhammad ‘Ali al-Sabuni and Muhammad Quraish Shihab on the correctional of women and equality of women in Islam.Keywords: Discrimination, Women, Men, and Breeding AbstrakFenomena kasus pelecehan dan diskriminasi terhadap kaum wanita di Indonesia sesungguhnya tidak sejalan dengan ajaran Islam. Karena pada dasarnya Islam sangat memuliakan wanita dan menjunjung tinggi martabat wanita. Ada beberapa ayat yang sering salah dipahami dan dijadikan dalil untuk melegitimasi tindakan tersebut. Tulisan ini menyajikan penafsiran ayat-ayat Alquran khususnya tafsir adabi ijtima’i terkait dengan persamaan hak kaum laki-laki dan perempuan dalam bermasyarakat. Ada dua tafsir yang akan menjadi objek penelitian ini, yaitu Safwah al-Tafasir karya Muhammad ‘Ali al-Sabuni dan Tafsir al-Misbah karya Muhammad Quraish Shihab. Tulisan ini mengupas secara analitis dan mengeksplorasi secara kritis pandangan Muhammad ‘Ali al-Sabuni dan Muhammad Quraish Shihab terhadap pemuliaan perempuan dan persamaan hak kaum laki-laki dengan perempuan di dalam Islam.Kata Kunci: Diskriminasi, Perempuan, Laki-laki, dan Pemuliaan