bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural dynamics of grip and goal integration during the processing of others’ actions with objects: An ERP study
Authors: Decroix Jérémy , Roger Clémence , Kalénine Solène 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRecent behavioural evidence suggests that when processing others’ actions, motor acts and goal-related information both contribute to action recognition. Yet the neuronal mechanisms underlying the dynamic integration of the two action dimensions remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the ERP components underlying the processing and integration of grip and goal-related information. The electrophysiological activity of 28 adults was recorded during the processing of object-directed action photographs (e.g., writing with pencil) containing either grip violations (e.g. upright pencil grasped with atypical-grip), goal violations (e.g., upside-down pencil grasped with typical-grip), both grip and goal violations (e.g., upside-down pencil grasped with atypical-grip), or no violations. Participants judged whether actions were overall typical or not according to object typical use. Brain activity was sensitive to the congruency between grip and goal information on the N400, reflecting the semantic integration between the two dimensions. On earlier components, brain activity was affected by grip and goal typicality independently. Critically, goal typicality but not grip typicality affected brain activity on the N300, supporting an earlier role of goal-related representations in action recognition. Findings provide new insights on the neural temporal dynamics of the integration of motor acts and goal-related information during the processing of others’ actions.
Identifying Sex of Neonate Turtles with Temperature-dependent Sex Determination via Small Blood Samples
Authors: Tezak Boris , Sifuentes-Romero Itzel , Milton Sarah , Wyneken Jeanette 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTemperature-dependent sex determination, present in most turtle species, is a mechanism that uses temperature to direct the sex of the embryo. The rapid increase of global temperatures highlights the need for a clear assessment of how sex ratios of organisms with TSD are affected. In turtles with TSD, quantifying primary sex ratios is challenging because they lack external dimorphism and heteromorphic sex chromosomes. Here we describe a new technique used to identify sex in neonate turtles of two TSD species, a freshwater turtle (Trachemys scripta) and a marine turtle (Caretta caretta) via analysis of small blood samples. We used an immunoassay approach to test samples for the presence of several proteins known to play an important role in sex differentiation. Our results show that Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) can be reliably detected in blood samples from neonate male turtles but not females and can be used as a sex-specific marker. Verification of sex via histology or laparoscopy revealed that this method was 100% reliable for identifying sex in both T. scripta and C. caretta 1–2 day-old hatchlings and 90% reliable for identifying sex in 83–177 day-old (120–160 g) loggerhead juveniles. The method described here is minimally invasive, and for the first time, greatly enhances our ability to measure neonate turtle sex ratios at population levels across nesting sites worldwide, a crucial step in assessing the impact of climate change on imperiled turtle species.
Tumor fitness, immune exhaustion and clinical outcomes: impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Bubie Adrian , Gonzalez-Kozlova Edgar , Akers Nicholas , Villanueva Augusto , Losic Bojan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRecently proposed tumor fitness measures, based on profiling neoepitopes for reactive viral epitope similarity, have been proposed to predict response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma and small-cell lung cancer. Here we applied these checkpoint based fitness measures to the matched checkpoint treatment naive Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) samples where cytolytic activity (CYT) imparts a known survival benefit. We observed no significant survival predictive power beyond that of overall patient tumor mutation burden, and furthermore, found no association between checkpoint based fitness and tumor T-cell infiltration, cytolytic activity, and abundance (tumor infiltrating lymphocyte, TIL, burden). In addition, we investigated the key assumption of viral epitope similarity driving immune response in the hepatitis B virally infected liver cancer TCGA cohort, and uncovered suggestive evidence that tumor neoepitopes actually dominate viral epitopes in putative immunogenicity and plausibly drive immune response and recruitment.
Long-term follow-up of 453 patients with pelvic organ prolapse who underwent transvaginal sacrospinous colpopexy with Veronikis ligature carrier
Authors: Wu Chin-Jui , Chang Wen-Chun , Huang Kuan-Ju , Hsieh Yun-Chiao , Wei Lin-Hung , Sheu Bor-Ching 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSacrospinous ligament fixation (SSLF) is one of the most utilized surgeries in the management of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We conducted a large-series study of SSLF in a tertiary center by an experienced urogynecologic team. The 453 women with POP who underwent SSLF at National Taiwan University Hospital in the period from 2002 to 2015 are reviewed. All patients received unilateral SSLF with Veronikis ligature carrier. Concomitant anterior colporrhaphy was performed in 75.3% of the cases and posterior colporrhaphy in 78.6%. The mean operation time was 92.3 ± 31.5 minutes. The intraoperative blood loss was 92.3 ± 91.4 ml. The objective cure rate was 82.5%, and 79 (17.5%) patients recurred. The Kaplan-Meier recurrence-free analysis showed a steep decline during the first postoperative year, and the yearly number of recurrent patients decreased as the follow-up period proceeded. A comparison of the site of recurrence found that anterior compartment prolapse was the most common with 57 cases (12.6%). Paravaginal repair is frequently implemented in the management of recurrent anterior prolapse. In conclusion, SSLF provides excellent support to the apex compartment, and our long-term results show that the anterior compartment is the most commonly encountered type of POP recurrence.
A flow cytometry-based analysis to establish a cell cycle synchronization protocol for Saccharum spp.
Authors: Yang Shan , Zeng Kai , Luo Ling , Qian Wang , Wang Zhiqiang , Doležel Jaroslav , Zhang Muqing , Gao Xiangxiong , Deng Zuhu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractModern sugarcane is an unusually complex heteroploid crop, and its genome comprises two or three subgenomes. To reduce the complexity of sugarcane genome research, the ploidy level and number of chromosomes can be reduced using flow chromosome sorting. However, a cell cycle synchronization (CCS) protocol for Saccharum spp. is needed that maximizes the accumulation of metaphase chromosomes. For flow cytometry analysis in this study, we optimized the lysis buffer, hydroxyurea(HU) concentration, HU treatment time and recovery time for sugarcane. We determined the mitotic index by microscopic observation and calculation. We found that WPB buffer was superior to other buffers for preparation of sugarcane nuclei suspensions. The optimal HU treatment was 2 mM for 18 h at 25 °C, 28 °C and 30 °C. Higher recovery treatment temperatures were associated with shorter recovery times (3.5 h, 2.5 h and 1.5 h at 25 °C, 28 °C and 30 °C, respectively). The optimal conditions for treatment with the inhibitor of microtubule polymerization, amiprophos-methyl (APM), were 2.5 μM for 3 h at 25 °C, 28 °C and 30 °C. Meanwhile, preliminary screening of CCS protocols for Badila were used for some main species of genus Saccharum at 25 °C, 28 °C and 30 °C, which showed that the average mitotic index decreased from 25 °C to 30 °C. The optimal sugarcane CCS protocol that yielded a mitotic index of >50% in sugarcane root tips was: 2 mM HU for 18 h, 0.1 X Hoagland’s Solution without HU for 3.5 h, and 2.5 μM APM for 3.0 h at 25 °C. The CCS protocol defined in this study should accelerate the development of genomic research and cytobiology research in sugarcane.
Artificial-intelligence-driven scanning probe microscopy
Authors: Krull A. , Hirsch P. , Rother C. , Schiffrin A. , Krull C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractScanning probe microscopy (SPM) has revolutionized the fields of materials, nano-science, chemistry, and biology, by enabling mapping of surface properties and surface manipulation with atomic precision. However, these achievements require constant human supervision; fully automated SPM has not been accomplished yet. Here we demonstrate an artificial intelligence framework based on machine learning for autonomous SPM operation (DeepSPM). DeepSPM includes an algorithmic search of good sample regions, a convolutional neural network to assess the quality of acquired images, and a deep reinforcement learning agent to reliably condition the state of the probe. DeepSPM is able to acquire and classify data continuously in multi-day scanning tunneling microscopy experiments, managing the probe quality in response to varying experimental conditions. Our approach paves the way for advanced methods hardly feasible by human operation (e.g., large dataset acquisition and SPM-based nanolithography). DeepSPM can be generalized to most SPM techniques, with the source code publicly available.
RNA-seq reveals the circular RNA and miRNA expression profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Wen Jianting , Liu Jian , Zhang Pingheng , Jiang Hui , Xin Ling , Wan Lei , Sun Yue , Huang Dan , Sun Yanqiu , Long Yan , Zhang Ying , Bao Bingxi , Sun Guanghan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a significant class of molecules involved in a wide range of diverse biological functions that are abnormally expressed in many types of diseases. The present study aimed to determine the circRNAs specifically expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients to identify their possible molecular mechanisms.
Methods: To identify the circRNAs specifically expressed in RA, we started by sequencing the of PBMCs circRNA and microRNAs (miRNAs) from a RA group (n = 3) and a control group (n = 3). We constructed a network of differentially expressed circRNAs and miRNAs. Then, we selected differentially expressed circRNAs in PBMCs from 10 RA patients relative to 10 age- and sex-matched controls using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Spearman’s correlation test was used to evaluate the correlation of circRNAs with biochemical measurements.
Results: A total of 165 circRNAs and 63 miRNAs were differently expressed between RA patients and healthy people according to RNA-seq, including 109 circRNAs that were significantly up-regulated and 56 circRNAs that were down-regulated among the RA patients. RT-qPCR validation demonstrated that the expression levels of hsa_circ_0001200, hsa_circ_0001566, hsa_circ_0003972, and hsa_circ_0008360 were consistent with the results from the sequencing analysis. Then, we found that there were significant correlations between the circRNAs and disease severity.
Conclusion: Generally, these results suggest that expression of hsa_circ_0001200, hsa_circ_0001566, hsa_circ_0003972, and hsa_circ_0008360 in PBMCs from RA patients may serve as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of RA, and these circRNAs may influence the occurrence and development of RA.
Measuring Lexical Diversity for Discourse Analysis in Aphasia: Moving-Average Type–Token Ratio and Word Information Measure
Authors: Cunningham Kevin T. , Haley Katarina L. 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare the utility of two automated indices of lexical diversity, the Moving-Average Type–Token Ratio (MATTR) and the Word Information Measure (WIM), in predicting aphasia diagnosis and responding to differences in severity and aphasia subtype.

Method
Transcripts of a single discourse task were analyzed for 478 speakers, 225 of whom had aphasia per an aphasia battery. We calculated the MATTR and the WIM for each participant. We compared the group means among speakers with aphasia, neurotypical controls, and left-hemisphere stroke survivors with mild aphasia not detected by an aphasia battery. We examined whether each measure distinguished levels of aphasia severity and subtypes of aphasia. We used each measure to classify aphasia versus neurotypical control and compared the areas under the curve.

Results
The WIM and the MATTR differentiated among people with aphasia, neurotypical controls, and people with mild aphasia. Both measures demonstrated moderately high predictive accuracy in classifying aphasia. The WIM demonstrated greater sensitivity to aphasia severity and subtype compared to the MATTR.

Conclusions
The WIM and the MATTR are promising measures that quantify lexical diversity in different and complementary ways. The WIM may be more useful for quantifying the effect of treatment or disease progression, whereas the MATTR may be more useful for discriminating discourse produced by people with very mild aphasia from discourse produced by neurotypical controls. Further validation is required.
Structured Literacy Intervention for Students With Dyslexia: Focus on Growing Morphological Skills
Authors: Fallon Karen A. , Katz Lauren A. 
Published: March 2020

Purpose

Structured literacy
(SL) is an umbrella term used by the International Dyslexia Association that refers to evidence-based instructional approaches that incorporate all aspects of spoken language into the teaching of reading, spelling, and writing (
International Dyslexia Association, 2016
). SL has gained prominence in the field of reading but is less familiar to speech-language pathologists. This tutorial seeks to describe SL with specific attention to the morphological component. Using current research literature combined with descriptions of specific therapeutic practices, this tutorial offers research-informed, clinical strategies for facilitating the development of morphological skills in students with spoken and written language impairments including dyslexia.

Method
In this tutorial, the authors focus on the research literature and clinical applications related to the topics of (a) spoken and written language impairments, including dyslexia; (b) SL intervention; (c) intervention in the areas of morphological awareness and analysis; and (d) the promotion of academic success in students who struggle with language and literacy.

Conclusions

SL
is a term used to unify and describe evidence-based principles and components that should be included in all effective reading and writing instructions. Among other linguistic skills, morphology holds a prominent place in SL. It is critical that speech-language pathologists become familiar with SL and the evidence-based practices for growing these students' morphological awareness skills in order to promote language and literacy success.
Organersatzverfahren: Update Herzersatz- und -unterstützungsverfahren
Authors: Lotz Gösta 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Verwendung von kardialen Ersatz- und Unterstützungsverfahren ist heute klinischer Alltag. Anästhesisten sollten mit diesen Systemen gut vertraut sein – denn sowohl bei deren Implantation als auch bei der Betreuung der betroffenen Patienten spielt der Anästhesist eine wichtige Rolle. Der Beitrag erläutert die Funktionsweise, die Indikationen und die Therapieziele der wichtigsten Herzersatz- und -unterstützungssysteme.
Nosokomiale Pneumonien
Authors: Großmann Joachim , Schulz-Stübner Sebastian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNosocomial pneumonia is one of the leading entities of nosocomial infections in Germany and worldwide with invasive ventilation being one of the major risk factors. However nosocomial pneumonia without ventilator support is an underappreciated complication as demonstrated by prevalence studies of the European Centre for Disease Control in 2011 and 2016. Major general risk factors include old age, multi-morbidity, preexisting pulmonary disease, immunosuppression and abdominal or thoracic surgery. Evidence based prevention measures for ventilated patients include hand hygiene, aseptic handling techniques of the ventilator circuit, subglottic suctioning for patients intubated more than 72 hours, cuff pressure control, mouth and dental care, daily spontaneous breathing trials, use of sedation protocols and head of bed 30–45 degrees. For non-ventilated patients early mobilization and/or frequent position changes, correct use of feeding tubes and mouth care are key components. In preoperative patients training of a simple breathing exercise combined with mnemonic aids for its use in the postoperative period has been proven to be helpful.
HOMA-Adiponectin Closely Associates with Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Middle-Aged Indians with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Banerjee Joyita , Dhas Yogita , Mishra Neetu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Unhealthy dietary habits and sedentary lifestyles have raised alarming concerns for the rising prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and associated cardiometabolic risk among Indians at an early age. Insulin resistance and adiposity are the important risk factors associated with MetS. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between a modified marker of insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment-adiponectin (HOMA-AD)) and cardiometabolic risk among middle-aged Indians.
Methods The study comprised of 144 subjects of age-group 31–50 years, where 83 subjects were diagnosed for MetS according to the guidelines given by the International Diabetes Federation. We measured cardiometabolic risk indicators such as fasting blood glucose (FPG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), homeostatic model assessment- insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), adiponectin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), oxidized LDL (oxLDL), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and atherogenic index, among others. We calculated HOMA-AD by the formula: [FPG (mmol/l) × FPI (µIU/ml)] / [22.5 × Adiponectin (µg/ml)].
Results HOMA-IR and HOMA-AD were highly increased (p<0.001) in the MetS subjects than controls. Adiponectin was significantly (p<0.01) lower whereas cardiac risk markers such as atherogenic index, hs-CRP, oxLDL, and MCP-1 were significantly (p<0.01) elevated in MetS group than controls. Linear regression showed positive and significant associations (p<0.01) of HOMA-AD with all the cardiometabolic risk markers except MCP-1. HOMA-AD showed higher AUC (0.806) than HOMA-IR (0.791) for predicting MetS.
Conclusion HOMA-AD could be a surrogate adipokine-based marker correlated significantly with components of MetS and cardiometabolic risk indicators. It appeared to be a better predictor of MetS among middle-aged Indians than HOMA-IR.
Nasal Reconstruction: Defects that Cross Anatomical Subunits
Authors: Iorio Caitlin Boling , Christophel J. Jared , Park Stephen S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe nose plays a crucial role in the human experience, both aesthetically and functionally. The biomechanics of covering flaps, the importance of a firm framework, and the anatomical basis for aesthetic subunits are imperative concepts as one proceeds through the algorithm of reparative options. The subunits consist of three paired units—the ala, soft tissue facets (also known as soft tissue triangles), and sidewall, as well as three unpaired units—the dorsum, tip, and columella. Because many defects cross aesthetic subunits, it is critical to understand when to adapt the subunit principle and how or when to use a combination of techniques. It can be more challenging to apply the subunit principle to small grafts and local flaps of the nose. Convex subunits, such as the nasal tip and alar lobule, more frequently follow the subunit principle. In our practice, we adhere to a teaching of producing “straight lines and sharp corners.” This applies to local flaps and grafts and focuses on keeping scar lines inconspicuous. In this article, we discuss approaches we follow for various defects along with technical pearls for performing these reconstructions. The subunit principle is more of a practice of thinking of resultant scars within a background of existing lines, reflections, and contour inflections.
Considerations in Feminization Rhinoplasty
Authors: Spiegel Jeffrey H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRhinoplasty can be a key part of facial feminization for transgender women. Commonly, the required results necessitate significant deprojection of the nose in addition to the reduction of contour irregularities and shaping of the nostrils to a more round appearance. Pitfalls can include disproportion of the tip anatomic subunits, inadvertent creation of epicanthal folds, soft tissue pollybeak creation, and hanging columella among others.
Perceptual attitudes towards Spanish in the Panhandle of West Virginia
Authors: Suárez Büdenbender Eva-María 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study contributes to the ongoing discussion of perceptions of and attitudes towards Spanish by native English speakers in the U.S. (e.g., Fuller, 2013; Lippi-Green, 2012; Orozco & Dorado, 2014) and examines the image of Spanish speakers in a small community in the Panhandle of West Virginia. The responses from the 445 participants indicate a juxtaposition between high prestige accorded to Spanish spoken in Spain and varieties of Spanish spoken in the Americas. The responses underline the influence of underlying language ideologies (e.g., Garret, 2010; Irvine & Gal, 2000), popular negative imagery of non-European varieties (e.g., Fuller, 2013; Lippi-Green, 2012; Lipski, 2002), and Eurocentrism, in other words, a preference for European history, languages, and cultures (e.g., Franzki, 2012; Quijano, 2000).
The role of attitudes in the management of multilingualism in Brazilian schools located in the Brazil-Paraguay border region
Authors: Ribeiro Berger Isis 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This chapter presents an interdisciplinary study held in two Brazilian schools located in the Brazil-Paraguay border region that participated in the Education on the Border Observatory Project. An action research was carried out in order to identify how teachers managed multilingualism in these schools. The results indicate that their management practices toward Paraguayan official languages were influenced by attitudes toward these languages and their speakers, as well as by ideologies that associate the languages with Brazilian and Paraguayan nations. We conclude there is a need to improve language-in-education for border areas so as to build more positive attitudes toward languages (and speakers) of the neighboring countries in these schools as a means for real social and cultural integration and understanding.
Portuguese in Massachusetts
Authors: Gubitosi Patricia , de Olivieira Judy 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In the state of Massachusetts, Portuguese is the second most spoken foreign language after Spanish and the dense population of Portuguese speakers gives this community vitality. This paper analyzes the linguistic attitudes of a group of twenty Portuguese men and women, from the island of Saint Michael, Azores, who have lived on the eastern coast of Massachusetts for more than fifteen years. Some important factors that have been linked to language maintenance and the prevention of language attrition are positive attitudes, socio-cultural factors and social networks. Using the social networks framework, we further discuss the implications that language attitudes may have on language maintenance within this community. We conclude that linguistic attitudes continue to be a key factor in preventing language loss and promoting ethnic pride, which ultimately benefit language maintenance.