bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unmasking continental natal homing in goliath catfish from the upper Amazon
Authors: Hauser Marília , Duponchelle Fabrice , Hermann Theodore W. , Limburg Karin E. , Castello Leandro , Stewart Donald J. , Torrente‐Vilara Gislene , García‐Vásquez Aurea , García‐Davila Carmen , Pouilly Marc , Pecheyran Christophe , Ponzevera Emmanuel , Renno Jean‐François , Moret Arthur S. , Doria Carolina R. C. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Amazonian goliath catfishes are widespread in the Amazon Basin. Recently, otolith 87Sr:86Sr analyses using laser ablation–multi‐collector–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐MC‐ICPMS) revealed a >8,000 km trans‐Amazonian natal homing in Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii among fish caught and hatched in the largest Amazon River tributary, the upper Madeira basin. Although also suspected for fish in the upper Amazon, homing could not be demonstrated owing to less distinct environmental 87Sr:86Sr gradients along the Amazon mainstem. Using scanning X‐ray fluorescence microscopy (SXFM), a separate study provided evidence that Se:Ca and Sr:Ca are useful markers for identifying migration into Andean headwaters and the estuarine environment.

We analysed otoliths of known 87Sr:86Sr profiles using SXFM mapping to test if Sr:Ca and Se:Ca patterns could demonstrate natal homing for three fish caught in the upper Amazon, using as reference two individuals that were natal homers and two forced residents (hatched after the construction of hydroelectric dams on the Madeira River) from the upper Madeira River.

As hypothesised, although the Sr isotope profiles of the upper Amazon individuals were uninformative, two of them presented similar alternating mirror patterns of Sr:Ca and Se:Ca to those of the upper Madeira natal homers, indicating migrations out of the Andean region and into the estuary area. Both were therefore natal homers from the upper Amazon.

The third individual from the upper Amazon presented similar Sr:Ca and Se:Ca patterns to those of the upper Madeira residents, suggesting it was a natural resident from the upper Amazon.

By combining the results of 87Sr:86Sr analyses (LA‐MC‐ICPMS) and Sr:Ca and Se:Ca mappings (SXFM) that are completely independent of one another, we demonstrated that B. rousseauxii also performs natal homing in the upper Amazon. Our results indicate that the life cycle of B. rousseauxii is more complex than previous literature hypothesised, with the existence of partial migration, even in absence of physical barriers. Quantifying the relative importance of these different life‐history strategies will have important implications for fisheries management. Our results also lay the groundwork for conservation efforts in the context of hydropower development in the Amazon Basin and set testable hypotheses of the potential impacts of the Madeira River dams.
The microbially driven formation of siderite in salt marsh sediments
Authors: Lin Chin Yik , Turchyn Alexandra V. , Krylov Alexey , Antler Gilad 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe employ complementary field and laboratory‐based incubation techniques to explore the geochemical environment where siderite concretions are actively forming and growing, including solid‐phase analysis of the sediment, concretion, and associated pore fluid chemistry. These recently formed siderite concretions allow us to explore the geochemical processes that lead to the formation of this less common carbonate mineral. We conclude that there are two phases of siderite concretion growth within the sediment, as there are distinct changes in the carbon isotopic composition and mineralogy across the concretions. Incubated sediment samples allow us to explore the stability of siderite over a range of geochemical conditions. Our incubation results suggest that the formation of siderite can be very rapid (about two weeks or within 400 hr) when there is a substantial source of iron, either from microbial iron reduction or from steel material; however, a source of dissolved iron is not enough to induce siderite precipitation. We suggest that sufficient alkalinity is the limiting factor for siderite precipitation during microbial iron reduction while the lack of dissolved iron is the limiting factor for siderite formation if microbial sulfate reduction is the dominant microbial metabolism. We show that siderite can form via heated transformation (at temperature 100°C for 48 hr) of calcite and monohydrocalcite seeds in the presence of dissolved iron. Our transformation experiments suggest that the formation of siderite is promoted when carbonate seeds are present.
Factors that influence the oral impact on daily performance of older people in Brazil: A cross‐sectional population‐based study
Authors: Cavalcanti Yuri Wanderley , de Almeida Leopoldina de Fátima Dantas , de Lucena Edson Hilan Gomes , Probst Livia Fernandes , Cavalcante Denise de Fatima Barros , Frias Antônio Carlos , Bulgareli Jaqueline Vilela , Pereira Antônio Carlos 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimTo investigate factors that influence the oral health‐related quality of life of older people (65 years and over) in Brazil.BackgroundPopulation‐based studies should be conducted to support health‐planning interventions.Materials and methodsData from the São Paulo State Survey on Oral Health (SBSP‐2015), which consisted of 5951 individuals, were used. A theoretical‐conceptual model was built based on the impact of family socio‐economic characteristics, individual social‐demographic features and self‐perceived and clinical oral health status on the oral impact on daily performance (OIDP). Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was conducted at 5% significance level. Statistically significant variables included within the adjusted logistic regression model entered the multiple correspondence analysis (MCA).ResultsOral health impact on daily activities was observed in 34.6% of older people. Characteristics significantly related to impact on OIDP score were as follows: family income up to R$ 500 (OR = 2.73), self‐perceived treatment need (OR = 1.33), self‐perceived toothache (OR = 1.52), self‐perception of denture replacement need (OR = 1.27), dissatisfaction (OR = 1.50) or very dissatisfied (OR = 2.57) with own oral health, partial lower denture use (OR = 1.34) and needing partial lower dentures (OR = 1.28). Increased number of people living in the same house (B = 0.05, OR = 1.06), number of bedrooms in the house (B = −0.10, OR = 0.90), age (B = −0.03, OR = 0.97) and number of teeth needing treatment (B = 0.08, OR = 1.08) contributed significantly to OIDP.ConclusionPrevalence of OIDP of older people in the state of São Paulo was related to factors other than their clinical and self‐perceived oral health status.
The effect of native and polymerised whey protein isolate addition on surface and microstructural properties of processed cheeses and their meltability determined by Turbiscan
Authors: Nastaj Maciej , Terpiłowski Konrad , Sołowiej Bartosz G. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThe aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of whey protein isolate (WPI) and polymerised whey protein isolate (WPP) addition on physicochemical properties of processed cheese with partial fat replacement. Surface properties were determined by advancing (θa) and receding (θr) contact angles, apparent free surface energy (γs). Roughness measurements, cheese meltability and Turbiscan Stability Index (TSI) were evaluated by Turbiscan. Higher WPP concentrations produced the more hydrophobic surfaces of the samples. Conversely, increase in WPI addition promoted the hydrophilic cheese surfaces. The effect of roughness was much larger for samples containing WPI. The increase in protein addition caused a decrease in meltability and an increase in stability of cheeses. The optical and confocal images have proved that cheeses with WPP demonstrated more packed and denser structure in comparison to samples with WPI.
Irradiation‐induced brittle‐to‐ductile transition in α‐quartz
Authors: Ravinder R. , Kumar Abhishek , Kumar Rajesh , Vangla Prashanth , Krishnan N. M. Anoop 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSilicate materials such as quartz and silica glass are inherently brittle in nature. Here, using atomistic simulations, we demonstrate that the quartz crystal exhibits a brittle‐to‐ductile transition when irradiated. We show that the nanoscale plasticity observed in the irradiated structure is reminiscent of metal‐like plasticity, which is neither observed in the isochemical crystalline or glassy structure. Invoking an energy landscape approach, we demonstrate that the local atomic self‐organization facilitated by the shallow energy landscape is at the origin of this plastic behavior. Overall, the results suggest that the irradiation could be a methodology to induce a ductile transition in materials that are otherwise brittle.
The impact of an mHealth app on knowledge, skills and anxiety about dressing changes: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chang Hsiao‐Yun , Hou Ya‐Ping , Yeh Fu‐Hao , Lee Su‐Shin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile health (mHealth) application, based on self‐regulation theory, on patients’ knowledge of wound care, skills in changing dressings and anxiety.DesignA prospective randomized controlled trial.MethodsSeventy patients (or family members) at a 1,500‐bed university hospital in Taiwan were randomized into an experimental (N = 35) or control group (N = 35) from March to December 2016. The experimental group used a mHealth application for wound care; the control group received verbal instructions and a booklet. Instruments to collect data were a wound care knowledge scale, wound care skills scale, State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory, and a digital heart variability device. Data were collected at baseline, after three additional demonstrations and before discharge. The generalized estimating equation was used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe experimental group showed significantly higher levels of wound care knowledge, improved wound care skills, lower levels of state anxiety, and lower heart rate variability than the control group after baseline data collection.ConclusionsResults support hat a mHealth application may be effective in health education. Clinicians can use the results to promote patients’ wound care knowledge, enhance their wound care skills, and reduce anxiety related to dressing changes.ImpactLack of wound care knowledge and skills can affect the willingness and ability to perform effective wound dressing changes, producing anxiety and having an impact on a patient's self‐care after hospital discharge. mHealth applications (apps) have the potential to deliver health information in targeted and tailored ways that strengthen the self‐management of diseases. mHealth app can increase wound care knowledge, improve care skills, and reduce anxiety related to wound care. mHealth app effectively supports self‐monitoring of the wound healing process, self‐judgement of the wound condition, and self‐reaction of wound care accuracy. mHealth app provides step‐by‐step visual tutorials on wound care that allow patients and family caregivers to take pictures of the wounds and monitor the wound healing process. mHealth app for wound care knowledge is an effective and individualized method for learning.Clinical Trial: This study was registered by U.S. National Library of Medicine, ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT03683303).
Effect of hypertension status on the association between sleep duration and stroke among middle‐aged and elderly population
Authors: Hu Lihua , Huang Xiao , Zhou Wei , You Chunjiao , Li Juxiang , Li Ping , Wu Yanqing , Wu Qinghua , Wang Zengwu , Gao Runlin , Bao Huihui , Cheng Xiaoshu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe aimed to examine whether hypertension status modified the association between sleep duration and stroke among middle‐aged and elderly population. This cross‐sectional study included 10 516 participants aged ≥45 years from the China Hypertension Survey study. Sleep duration and history of stroke were assessed by questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression analyses, a generalized additive model (GAM) and smooth curve fitting (penalized spline method) and a two‐piecewise logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the association between sleep duration and stroke in different status of hypertension. 95% confidence interval (CI) for turning point was obtained by bootstrapping. Multiple logistic analyses showed that per 1 hour increase in sleep duration was associated with a 37% increased prevalence of stroke among participants without hypertension and associated with a 8% increased prevalence of stroke among hypertensive participants (without hypertension: odds ratio [OR] = 1.37, 95% CI 1.09‐1.71; with hypertension: OR = 1.08, 95% CI 0.95‐1.21; PInteraction = .029). The fully adjusted smooth curves presented a linear association between sleep duration and stroke among participants without hypertension, but a threshold, nonlinear association among hypertensive participants. The turning point for the curve was found at a sleep duration of 8 (95% CI 5‐9) h among hypertensive patients. The ORs (95% CIs) for stroke were 0.92 (0.79, 1.06) and 1.60 (1.23, 2.08) to the left and right of the turning point, respectively. In conclusion, we found a linear association between sleep duration and stroke among middle‐aged and elderly participants without hypertension, but a threshold, nonlinear association among hypertensive participants.
The use of finger foods in care settings: an integrative review
Authors: Heelan M. , Prieto J. , Roberts H. , Gallant N. , Barnes C. , Green S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundReduced food intake is prevalent in people in residential and hospital care settings. Little is known about the use of finger foods (i.e. foods eaten without cutlery) with respect to increasing feeding independence and food intake. The Social Care Institute for Excellence (Malnutrition Task Force: State of the Nation, 2017) recommends the use of finger foods to enable mealtime independence and to prevent loss of dignity and embarrassment when eating in front of others. The aim of this review is to identify and evaluate the existing literature regarding the use and effectiveness of finger foods among adults in health and social care settings.MethodsAn integrative review methodology was used. A systematic search of electronic databases for published empirical research was undertaken in October 2018. Following screening of titles and abstracts, the full texts of publications, which investigated outcomes associated with the provision of finger foods in adult care settings, were retrieved and assessed for inclusion. Two independent investigators conducted data extraction and quality assessment using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists. Thematic analysis was used to summarise the findings.ResultsSix studies met the inclusion criteria. Four themes were identified: Finger food menu implementation; Importance of a team approach; Effect on nutrition; and Influence on wellbeing. Study designs were poorly reported, with small sample sizes.ConclusionsThere is some evidence that the provision of finger foods may positively affect patient outcomes in long‐term care settings. There is a paucity of research evaluating the use of a finger food menu in acute care settings, including economic evaluation. Future high quality trials are required.
Clinical features and outcome in 25 dogs with respiratory‐associated pulmonary hypertension treated with sildenafil
Authors: Johnson Lynelle R. , Stern Joshua A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary hypertension (PH) can develop secondary to many common cardiopulmonary diseases, and the use of sildenafil has improved care of affected dogs.ObjectiveTo evaluate response to sildenafil in dogs with respiratory‐associated PH.AnimalsTwenty‐five dogs with PH.MethodsProspective clinical trial. Doppler echocardiography identified dogs with moderate to severe PH, and additional tests were performed to detect underlying diseases. A 17‐point quality of life (QOL) questionnaire was completed, and sildenafil was prescribed, along with other medications deemed necessary for the management of clinically diagnosed respiratory diseases. After 30 days, dogs returned to the hospital for repeat echocardiogram and QOL survey.ResultsThe median age was 12.4 years, and most dogs were small breed dogs (median weight, 6.5 kg). Syncope (64%), cough (56%), and respiratory difficulty (32%) were the most common presenting complaints. Respiratory diseases associated with PH included tracheobronchomalacia, pulmonary fibrosis, inflammatory airway disease, and brachycephalic syndrome, with multiple diseases in some dogs. Eight of 25 dogs (32%) died or were euthanized within 1 month. In the remaining dogs, tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient (83.0 ± 17.4 mm Hg before, 55.4 ± 17.4 mm Hg after) and QOL scores were significantly improved after 1 month of sildenafil. Fifty percent mortality was reached 6 months after study entry, with 4 dogs alive 5 years after diagnosis.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceSildenafil responsiveness is variable in dogs with respiratory‐associated PH, but improved QOL was demonstrated in dogs surviving >1 month, and long‐term survival was noted in some cases.
Learning from science and history about black‐backed jackalsCanis mesomelasand their conflict with sheep farmers in South Africa
Authors: Nattrass Nicoli , Drouilly Marine , O'Riain M. Justin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe black‐backed jackalCanis mesomelas, henceforth jackal, has re‐emerged as a threat to South African sheep farmers. This sparked contestation between farmers and conservationists over the reasons for their return and the relative merits of lethal and non‐lethal approaches to protecting livestock. Three separate reviews of the scientific literature converged on the same broad conclusion that lethal control of jackals is probably ineffective, but that more scientific research is necessary, especially on farms. We draw on historic evidence and recent research across a range of disciplines to show that jackal diet and behaviour varies regionally and alter in response to changing threats and opportunities. More data will not support generalisable conclusions and have already been eclipsed by broad‐scale changes in the political, economic and ecological landscapes of South Africa. Reduced government support for farmers, rising production costs and falling product prices, together with an increasing frequency of droughts, have conspired to weaken the collective management hand of farmers and, ultimately, contributed to a decline in the sheep farming industry. Many sheep farmers have sold their land to non‐commercial ‘lifestyle' farmers or expanding nature reserves, creating a growing network of safer spaces for jackals to persist, from which their offspring can sink into neighbouring commercial farmland. When these landscape‐level changes are combined with the wide phenotypic plasticity and catholic diet of the jackal, we should be neither surprised at their resurgence nor contented with suggestions that more ecological research is likely to facilitate any sustainable solutions.
Unravelling the distinctive craniomandibular morphology of the Plio‐PleistoceneEumysopsin the evolutionary setting of South American octodontoid rodents (Hystricomorpha)
Authors: Olivares A. Itatí , Álvarez Alicia , Verzi Diego H. , Perez S. Ivan , De Santi Nahuel A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEchimyidae is a species‐rich clade of Neotropical rodents, which diversified in association with forested biomes. Since the late Miocene, a few lineages from southern South America have been adapted to open environments.Eumysopsis one of these southern echimyids, and its peculiar craniomandibular morphology has been assumed to be a result of adaptation to open environments. We performed a geometric morphometric analysis of craniomandibular shape variation to explore whether, as suspected,Eumysopsis divergent from other echimyids and octodontoids. In addition, we explored whether deterministic factors driven by different ecological dimensions can explain the diversification of shape among octodontoids. We found that craniomandibular shape variation in octodontoids was related to ecological variables. Comparing competing evolutionary models suggested that the input of selective factors play a key role in octodontoid craniomandibular shape diversification; habitat and habits were found to be the most influential factors. In the analysed morphospaces,Eumysopswas located distant from other echimyids due to its distinctive traits, especially wide and posteriorly displaced orbits, and related low craniomandibular joint. Divergent orbits and resulting wider panoramic vision support the interpretation ofEumysopsas an open‐habitat specialist echimyid. But what is more relevant, is thatEumysopsoccupied a sector of the octodontoid cranial morphospace not filled by living representatives; this highlights the contribution of fossils in providing key information on the specialization boundaries explored by a clade throughout its history.
Prophetic Voices: Simone Weil and Flannery O'Connor
Authors: Doering E. Jane , Johansen Ruthann Knechel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study juxtaposes Simone Weil's exposition of God's invitation to know and love the good through the divine signature of beauty stamped on the order of the world and Flannery O'Connor's depiction of a society whose oppressive order allows some characters to oppose outright a divine order or to live under the illusion that the divine invitation is irrelevant because they, in their egoism and materialist values, are the centre of the universe. An examination of O'Connor's and Weil's ideas on order and beauty, grace and decreation, within the disorders of their contexts, reveals both writers' skills in pointing prophetically through disorder to divine order, thus, disclosing bridges of revelation.
Stability of species and provenance performance when translocated into different community assemblages
Authors: Camarretta Nicolò , Harrison Peter A. , Bailey Tanya , Davidson Neil , Lucieer Arko , Hunt Mark , Potts Brad M. 
Published: December 2019

The stability of species and provenance performance across diverse environments is a major issue in restoration, particularly for assisted migration and climate‐adjusted provenancing strategies. This study examines how differences in species and provenance performance are affected by plant community composition in a dry sclerophyll forest restoration experiment. Five indices were measured over 6 years post‐establishment to evaluate the relative performance of community composition using 10 provenances of two focal eucalypts (Eucalyptus pauciflora and Eucalyptus tenuiramis) under six community treatments for E. pauciflora and five for E. tenuiramis. Community treatments varied according to the species planted as the immediate neighbor to the focal species, and included same species, same genus, or one of three different genera. Significant species and provenance differences were observed for all measured performance indices, with no evidence of interaction effects with community treatments. E. tenuiramis was more susceptible to insects and frost, and had poorer establishment but greater growth of the survivors than E. pauciflora. Generally, nonlocal provenances were more susceptible to insect herbivory and frost damage and had higher mortality than local provenances. At this early life‐stage there was no evidence that co‐planted species affected the relative performance of focal species or provenances, arguing transfer functions are likely stable across different planted communities. While species and provenance performance was not affected by community context, focal species differed in their response to upslope migration and any climate‐adjusted provenancing may require staged transfers to avoid maladaptation under contemporary growing conditions.