bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of oral dapsone in acne vulgaris – experience of a tertiary care teaching hospital in central Lahore
Authors: Chaudhry Sadaf Amin , Zafar Nadia Ali , Hayat Rabia , Noreen Ayesha , Ali Gulnaz , Raza Zain Ali , Nadeem Muhammad 
Published: December 2020

Background: Acne is the eighth most prevalent disease affecting 9.4% of the population worldwide and its prevalence in our country is estimated to be around 5%. Severe inflammatory acne is most likely to leave scars and in order to prevent facial disfigurement due to acne scarring, early treatment is desirable. Various treatment options have been formulated for acne, and are tailored according to the severity of the disease. Numerous clinical trials have been conducted till now, to determine the usefulness and side effect profile of such therapies, making acne treatment a highly studied area in dermatology. Objective of this study is to highlight the fact that oral Dapsone could be used as a cheaper alternate to isotretinoin in recalcitrant severe acne, especially in females where retinoids are sometimes contraindicated.
Patients and methods: 51 patients, suffering from severe nodulocystic acne, fulfilling the criteria, were enrolled from the Department of Dermatology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore. All the study patients were given oral Dapsone 50mg for initial two weeks and then 100mg daily for the next 10 weeks along with oral cimetidine and topical clindamycin application twice daily. Investigator Global Assessment Scale (IGAS) was employed to measure effectiveness. The treatment was considered ʽeffectiveʹ if the patient achieves 2 or more than 2-grade improvement or almost clear or clear skin at the end of 12 weeks according to IGAS scale. The lesion counts were also done before the start of therapy (day 1) and at every two weeks follow up for 12 weeks. The change in lesion count observed between the baseline number and that seen at follow up visits was also used to evaluate the effectiveness of oral Dapsone. Safety was analyzed by fortnightly visits of the patients to look for any undesirable side effects and monitoring of the hematologic profile of the patients. Final follow up was done at the end of 16 weeks.
Results: The study was conducted on 51 patients, with a ratio of 1:3 for males and females and a mean age of 25.2 years (SD ±5.81). At 12th week, patients had significant reduction in their acne lesions; with 7 patients (13.7%) showing completely clear skin, 17 patients (33.3%) had almost clear skin, 5 patients (9.8%) had 3-grade improvement. Twelve patients (23.5%) had 2-grade improvement from baseline score and only 2 patients (3.9%) had 1-grade improvement from baseline. Based on percentage reduction of lesions, excellent response was seen in 32 patients (62.7%), good response in 9 patients (17.6%), moderate response in 2 patients (3.9%), while no patient showed poor response. Dapsone was discontinued in 8 patients due to derangement of hematologic profile.
Conclusion: Oral Dapsone, when given carefully, is a very effective therapeutic option in severe recalcitrant acne, with limited side effects.
Improving the efficiency of humidifiers based on regular nozzles for thermal treatment of air in entomological production facilities
Authors: Krutyakova V. , Belchenko V. , Pishchanska N. , Podmazko O. 
Published: December 2020

Annotation
Purpose. Investigate the possibility of ensuring a high level of efficiency of humidifiers in entomological production facilities that use out-of-circulation water cycle, while minimizing (or no) non-production water consumption and reducing energy consumption for the process, given the high dust content in indoor air.
Methods. Using the requirements for materials for the manufacture of regular nozzles of film humidifiers in entomological production, ways to increase their efficiency are substantiated. The aerodynamic and kinetic characteristics of nozzles made of various materials PET (Ukraine), GLASdek3 (Sweden), PVC (Netherlands) were experimentally determined.
Results. New types of regular nozzles RN are proposed, formed by sheets that have a high degree of wettability due to the applied materials or special surface geometry, and provide high efficiency of the wetting process.
Conclusions
1.	The study of the aerodynamic characteristics of nozzles made of various materials showed that The study of the aerodynamic characteristics of nozzles made of various materials showed that GLASdek3 and PET nozzles have advantages in terms of air resistance, for which aerodynamic drag in the operating range of airflow rates of 1.5...4 m/s is 75...450 Pa, which is 2–4 times less than for PVC nozzles.
2.	At the same values of the degree of efficiency for the GLASdek3 and PET nozzles are characterized by lower values of specific energy consumption. The energy efficiency of these nozzles is approximately 1.5 times higher than that of PVC nozzles.
3.	Economic analysis proved the feasibility of using nozzles made of PET sheets of domestic manufacturers, which are characterized by lower cost than modules of GLASdek3 nozzles with similar characteristics.
4.	It has been established that miplast acts as a material for film humidifiers in terms of efficiency on a par with GLASdek3 and PET, however, it is not recommended to use it to create thermal humidity parameters in entomological production due to the porosity of the structure and the inability to clean it from dust.
Keywords: entomological production, thermo-moisture treatment of air, humidification, contact devices, regular nozzles.
Les marmites du Bayt al-mâl d’Alger. Charité, pouvoir et droits d’appartenance à l’époque ottomane
Authors: Grangaud Isabelle 
Published: December 2020

Cette enquête a été initiée par l’étonnement suscité par l’apparente incongruité d’un conséquent patrimoine en vaisselle de cuivre conservé par une institution algéroise préposée à la gestion des biens en déshérence (le Bayt al-mâl). Ses résultats éclairent les manières dont les marmites - et plus largement les ustensiles - préposées aux repas en commun étaient mobilisées pour faire société. Nous avons mis en lumière le fait qu’en plus de pouvoir former des patrimoines dédiés à une institution pieuse, les marmites pouvaient être ces institutions pieuses (auxquelles pouvaient être dévolues des biens consacrés à leur cause) ; et que l’usage pieux et charitable qui en était fait avait en lui-même force de droit, qu’il en fondait le statut juridique, ainsi que celui des corps sociaux qui se formaient autour de ces institutions pieuses. Cela nous a permis de restituer la charge civique des droits attachés à ces marmites dont les usages collectifs rendaient active la production de corps sociaux. Ces usages étaient en effet le lieu et l’objet des ralliements, des soumissions, des obligations réciproques ; ils organisaient les pouvoirs, les affiliations, les hiérarchies et les seuils d’insertions aux sein de ces corps sociaux. Ils étaient en somme des modes actifs de construction des droits d’appartenance à des communautés politiques.
Les études de genre ont-elles transformé la géographie française ?
Authors: Hancock Claire 
Published: December 2020

Tout en saluant l’apport important mais occulté de géographes pionnières, ce texte souligne le développement rapide d’approches géographiques qui se sont d’abord souciées « des femmes » avant d’intégrer l’analyse en termes de genre, puis des épistémologies et méthodologies explicitement féministes.
La découverte du virus sigma de la drosophile (DMelSV) par Philippe L’Héritier et ses collaborateurs
Authors: Rossignol Jean-Michel 
Published: December 2020

De la fin des années 30 au milieu des années 60, Philippe L’Héritier et ses collaborateurs ont découvert puis étudié le virus sigma qui infecte la population naturelle de la drosophile mélanogaster dans le monde entier. Le virus Sigma possède deux caractéristiques notables : premièrement, il n’est pas mortel pour son hôte, deuxièmement, il est transmis verticalement par un mécanisme qui ne suit pas les lois de Mandel (biparental, soit par les ovules ou les cellules spermatiques). La plupart des travaux expérimentaux ont été réalisés depuis 1950 sur le campus du CNRS à Gif-sur-Yvette. Dans cet article, nous avons analysé le processus scientifique de ce travail dans le contexte scientifique de cette période (1937-1965).
Il dilemma dell’ultimo letto: allocazione di risorse limitate in rianimazione
Authors: Giannini Alberto 
Published: December 2020

La rianimazione moderna è una disciplina dalle prestazioni estremamente dispendiose ma poco “produttiva” in termini meramente economici: essa infatti offre benefici ad alto costo a pochi “utenti”. In un contesto generale di riduzione delle risorse destinabili alla sanità diviene cruciale, in un settore così particolare come quello dell’area critica, la riflessione etica in merito ai criteri per la microallocazione di risorse limitate.
In questo articolo, dopo aver affrontato natura e finalità dell’attività rianimatoria, vengono inizialmente prese in considerazione le possibili cause di una riduzione della disponibilità di posti letto in rianimazione, le modalità con cui abitualmente i medici affrontano le condizioni di ridotta disponibilità di risorse, e le linee guida per affrontare situazioni di triage.
Il processo decisionale nell’impiego delle risorse sanitarie deve partire da un rigoroso “criterio clinico” (necessità e idoneità alle cure rianimatorie, urgenza, ecc.), unitamene al criterio della proporzionalità dei mezzi terapeutici. Di fronte a situazioni di pari necessità possono essere seguiti il cosiddetto criterio di temporalità (offrire cure a chi è giunto per primo all’osservazione del medico) o il criterio prognostico (utilizzare le risorse disponibili per chi ha maggiori chance di trarne beneficio). I sistemi a punteggio impiegati in campo rianimatorio per predire l’outcome non sono attualmente utilizzabili nel processo decisionale per il singolo paziente e nelle procedure di triage.
Ribadendo che l’azione del medico, in tutti i suoi ambiti, deve essere eticamente pensata, si sottolinea come esista un dovere morale ad amministrare in modo corretto le risorse sanitarie, a limitare gli sprechi e a prevenire le situazioni di triage.
Evaluation of amblyopic eyes with optical coherence tomography angiography and electrophysiological tests
Authors: Hamurcu Mualla , Ekinci Cansu , Koca Semra , Tugcu Betul 
Published: December 2020

Purpose:
To investigate the structural and functional changes of the retina and optic nerve in amblyopia.

Methods:
Eighteen patients with unilateral anisometropic amblyopia and 27 age-matched healthy controls were involved in this study. All patients underwent optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), pattern visual evoked potential (pVEP), and flash electroretinogram (fERG).

Results:
There was no statistically significant difference in terms of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), perifoveal superficial density, whole superficial density, parafoveal deep density, perifoveal deep density among the eyes (P > 0 0.05). Significant differences were found only in superficial capillary plexus (SCP) vessel density in whole (P = 0.029) and parafoveal (P = 0.008) image. In electrophysiological tests, while VEP latencies of the amblyopic eyes increased compared to nonamblyopic eyes and controls (P = 0.027), VEP amplitudes decreased in amblyopic and nonamblyopic eyes compared to controls (P = 0.01), amplitudes of the rod (P = 0.027) and cones (P < 0.001) also decreased in amblyopic eyes compared to nonamblyopic and healthy eyes. When we assessed the correlation between the parameters of OCTA and electrophysiological test, only a significant correlation was found between parafoveal SCP vessel density and VEP amplitudes (r = 0.341).

Conclusion:
We found a significant decrease only in SCP vessel density of the OCTA parameters in amblyopic eyes compared to healthy eyes. We detected a significant relationship between parafoveal SCP vessel density and VEP parameters, which might be associated with the underlying pathophysiology of the amblyopia.
Comparative evaluation of qualitative performance of technical human resource in school eye health program
Authors: Dole Kuldeep S , Deshpande Anukool S , Deshpande Madan D , Thakur Rasika R 
Published: December 2020

Purpose:
To measure sensitivity and specificity of vision screeners in identifying children with visual impairment and positive signs and symptoms and assess association of effectiveness with individual characteristics of screeners and type of schools screened.

Methods:
A total of 1096 children from age 5 to 15 years of age were screened. A total of 396 children were screened from a municipal school, 200 children from a government-aided school, and 500 children from a private school were screened. Four persons with basic 12th standard science qualification willing to be a part of school eye health program were selected who carried out screening in school children after receiving appropriate training.

Results:
The two vision screeners who had a background of conducting community eye health programs and worked in eye hospital had 100% sensitivity and specificity for presenting visual acuity, squint detection, and blurring. The screening by these screeners was done in private and semi-private schools, respectively. The other two screeners with no such background conducting screening in government schools had 60% and 75% sensitivity in detecting presenting visual acuity, respectively.

Conclusion:
People with a background of organizing community eye health programs and those working in eye hospitals are the best candidates for being trained as new cadre of vision screeners with best results being obtained in private and government-aided schools.
Pengaruh Iklim Organisasi terhadap Efektivitas Pelayanan Pegawai Kantor Camat Kota Utara Kota Gorontalo
Authors: Rahmisyari Rahmisyari 
Published: December 2020

The Effect of Organizational Climate on the Effectiveness of Employee Services at the North Kota Camat Office, Gorontalo City, The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the Effect of Organizational Climate on the Effectiveness of Employee Services. This study used a sample of 33 respondents, the questionnaire was used as a primary data collection tool and the data were analyzed using a path analysis tool. Based on the results of this study that the organizational climate consisting of Responsibilities (X1), Awards (X2) and Support (X3), simultaneously had a positive and significant effect on employee service effectiveness (Y) of 0.799 or 79.9% and the remaining 20 , 1% is determined by other factors not examined. The variable of responsibility (X1) partially has a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of employee services (Y) of 0.451, the variable of appreciation (X2) partially has a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of employee services (Y) of 0.380 and the variable of support (X3) partial positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of employee services (Y) of 0.323
The state of Vitamin D in Iraqi Patients With Parkinson Disease
Authors: Hatem Aqeel Kareem 
Published: December 2020

Background: A role for vitamin D deficiency in Parkinson disease (PD) has recently been suggested.
Objective:: To estimate the state of vitamin D in PD with an age-matched healthy control.
Type of the study: A case control study.
Method: The study randomly comparison of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) concentrations of collected samples in a clinical neurology department ward / Baghdad teaching hospital / Medical City and Parkinson disease movement disorder clinic. Participants were registered into the study from October 2015 to October 2016. We was study serum vitamin D level in 40 consecutive patients with Parkinson disease and 40 age-matched healthy controls after matching for age, sex, race, and geographic location. Occurrence of suboptimal vitamin D 25(OH) concentrations in Parkinson patients.
Results: Significantly, more patients with PD (62.5%) had deficient vitamin D than did controls (27.5%). The mean 25(OH) D concentration in PD was (18.09) significantly lower than in the control (24.89)..
Conclusions: This study demonstrates a significantly lower vitamin D level in PD than healthy controls. These data support a possible role of vitamin D deficiency in PD.
Depression Among Elderly Patients /Mosul City
Authors: Alyasiri Abdul Rasoul 
Published: December 2020

Background: Depression in elderly aged (60 year and above )is a widespread mental health problem . The current primary healthcare systeminadequately recognize and treat elderly patients with depression..
Objectives:To determine the prevalence of depression among elderly patientsin Mosul city, its correlation with some sociodemographic variablesand to assess severity of depression in relation to past history of depression.
Type of the study: This is a cross-sectional study.
Methods: This study assess the prevalence of depression in a randomly selected sample 150 elderly patients aged 60 years and above (89 female & 61 male) who attended the geriatric clinic in Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital /Mosul City between the 1st/March /2014 to the 10th /June 2014.A short form of Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) the Arabic version was used to assess depressionand a semi-structured interview were applied after screening the patients for cognitive impairment using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) to exclude those who scored less than 23 on this scale .
Results:The study showed that the Prevalence of depression was 65.3% , statistically significant difference was not found with any variable used. Strong positive relation was found in severely depressed patients with the past history of depression, multiple physical complaint was found in the depressed sample.
Conclousin:As the prevalence of depression among elderly patients was high , National programs should be developed in community & health services focusing on early detection and treatment of depression among the elderly population.
Evaluation of Risk Management among Managers of the Primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad City: Comparative Study
Authors: Jasim Basima J. , Khalifa Mohammed F. 
Published: December 2020

Background: Several risk managem-ent standards had been developed including the Project Management Institute, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, actuarial societies, and ISO standards.
Objective: The study aimed at evaluating risk management among managers of model and ordinary primary health care centers in Baghdad City and comparing the risk management among these centers.
Methods: A descriptive comparative design was carried throughout the present study at 55 primary health care centers; 15 model primary health care centers and 40 ordinary health care centers in Baghdad City. The study was initiated from May 25th 2017 up to January 25th 2018. Non-probability (purposive) sample of 55 managers of primary health care centers was selected of 15 model primary health care centers and 40 ordinary primary health care centers in Baghdad City. A questionnaire was constructed for the purpose of the study. The overall number of items included in the questionnaire is 20 items. Internal consistency "split-half" reliability was obtained through computation of Cronbach alpha correlation coefficient. Data were collected through the employment of the questionnaire and the interview technique as means of data collection. Data were analyzed through the application of descriptive and inferential statistical data analysis approaches.
Results: The study revealed that most of the managers of both model and ordinary primary health care centers had employed poor performance of standards of risk management of method of identifying risk (67%) (52.5%); risk management process (67%)(55%); potential risk treatments (60%)(67.5%); and cardinal rules for the practices of risk communication (60%)(50%) respectively. Conclusions: Managers of both sites unfortunately had performed the risk management standards inadequately.
Endomeriosis of Cesarean Section Why on Leet side?
Authors: Abbud Ali Hl 
Published: December 2020

Background: Endometriosis is defined as the presence or growth of ectopic endometrial tissue outside their usual site ( the uterus). It is a common condition in women. It may occur in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina and rarely, endometriosis may occur in the abdomen and lungs. Endometriosis is common among women of reproductive age. It is either primary or secondary. The triad of diagnosis is a pain with menstruation, cesarean scar and a mass in the scar. Methods: A report a series of 65 patients in the period from 1st Jan 2013 to 31st Dec 2017. The study was performed in Al-Kindi Teaching Hospital and a private hospital. The mean age was 35 years (range 20-45).All patients were treated surgically i.e. excision of the tumor and old surgical scar in the lower abdomen.
Result: mean age was 35 years (range 20-45). Thirty patients (46.15%) were housewives while 35(53.84%) were officers. The interesting finding is that 52 patients had the mass in the left side, 10 in the middle and only 3 in the right side of the scar respectively.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a lateral asymmetry in the location of scar endometriosis i.e. mostly on the left side. The prevalence on left side of scar can be added to the triad of diagnosis mentioned above I.e. cyclical pain, cesarean scar and mass mostly in left side of the scar.
Clinical Outcome of Invasive Pituitary Prolactinomas Treated with Cabergoline
Authors: Arkawazi Bassam M Flamerz 
Published: December 2020

Background: Treatment of invasive prolactinoma, which has several characteristics including invasive growth into cavernous sinuses and formation of giant adenomas compressing adjacent neural structures, resulting in neurological dysfunction, has been very challenging. There are relatively few reports available describing long-term treatment outcome.
Aims of the study: In this study we evaluate the results of cabergoline administration as initial treatment during 4 years follow up period.
Methods: We prospectively categorized 36 patients into four groups according to the results of 3 months of cabergoline treatment: group 1, tumor volume reduction (TVR) ˃25% with normalized serum prolactin (NP) (n = 24); group 2, TVR˃25% without NP (n = 4); group 3, TVR ˂25% with NP (n = 5); and group 4, TVR ˂25% without NP (n = 3).
Results: During follow-up, 22 patients (91.7%) in group 1 achieved TVR˃50% with NP. Three patients (75%) in group 2 achieved TVR˃50% with NP after treatment for 8 months. In group 3, four patients (80.0%) continued medication because of improvement of symptoms and achieved additional TVR(18.8–46.4%). Surgery was performed on five patients (one in group 2, one in group 3, and three in group 4), and complete resection was achieved in four (80.0%). Overall, 25 (69.4%) of the 36 patients treated with cabergoline had complete response and 6 (16.7%) had partial response but did not require surgery. Thus, the overall response rate was 86%,with only five patients (14%) requiring surgical debulking. NP was not achieved by surgery alone in all cases, even after total resection of tumor.
Conclusion: Patients who achieve TVR˃25%with NP with 3 months of cabergoline administration had a high possibility of showing good long term response (TVR˃50% with NP) to cabergoline. A higher dose of dopamine agonist (DA) should be considered for patients who achieve TVR˃25% without NP.