bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic Cerclage Sacrohysteropexy: Comparing a Novel Technique for Sacrohysteropexy to Traditional Supracervical Hysterectomy and Sacrocervicopexy
Authors: Armstrong Katherine L. , Modest Anna M. , Rosenblatt Peter L. 
Published: July 2020

Objective
The objective of this study was to compare outcomes of laparoscopic cerclage sacrohysteropexy (LCSH), a novel technique used to perform sacrohysteropexy, which requires significantly less suturing and knot tying, to traditional laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy (LSH) with sacrocervicopexy for the treatment of uterine prolapse.

Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent LCSH between March 3, 2016, and October 30, 2018, and patients who underwent LSH with sacrocervicopexy between September 1, 2013, and October 30, 2018. Medical records were reviewed to obtain information on baseline demographics, preoperative pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q), baseline Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory score, and intraoperative and postoperative outcomes. Apical failure was defined as descent of the cervix beyond the midvagina (C > −TVL/2). Subjective failure was defined as reporting of bulge symptoms, reoperation, or use of a vaginal pessary.

Results
Seventy-seven patients who underwent the LCSH procedure and 88 who underwent LSH with sacrocervicopexy were identified. Baseline demographic data were similar between the 2 groups. Operating time was significantly decreased in the LCSH group with median time of 129 minutes (interquartile range, 121–153) versus 199 minutes (interquartile range, 178.5–222.5; P < 0.001) in the traditional cohort. Six weeks after surgery, patients had equivalent POP-Q examinations and Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory scores. At 6 months after surgery, patients similarly had no significant difference in POP-Q examination or scores on standardized questionnaires between the 2 groups. There were no mesh or suture erosions noted in either cohort at any time point.

Conclusions
Laparoscopic cerclage sacrohysteropexy is a novel variation of traditional sacrohysteropexy and an alternative to LSH with sacrocervicopexy that minimizes the dissection and suturing required. This procedure appears to offer equivalent anatomic and subjective outcomes to traditional LSH with sacrocervicopexy with significantly decreased intraoperative time.
Place and causes of acute cardiovascular mortality during the COVID19 pandemic: retrospective cohort study of 580,972 deaths in England and Wales, 2014 to 2020
Authors: Wu Jianhua , Mamas Mamas A , Mohamed Mohamed , Kwok Chun Shing , Roebuck Chris , Humberstone Ben , Denwood Tom , Luescher Tom , de Belder Mark A , Deanfield John E , Gale Chris P 
Published: July 2020

AbstractImportanceThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a decline in admissions with cardiovascular (CV) emergencies. The fatal consequences of this are unknown.ObjectivesTo describe the place and causes of acute CV death during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignRetrospective nationwide cohort.SettingEngland and Wales.ParticipantsAll adult (age ≥18 years) acute CV deaths (n=580,972) between 1st January 2014 and 2nd June 2020.ExposureThe COVID-19 pandemic (defined as from the onset of the first COVID-19 death in England on 2nd March 2020).Main outcomesPlace (hospital, care home, home) and acute CV events directly contributing to death as stated on the first part of the Medical Certificate of Cause of Death.ResultsAfter 2nd March 2020, there were 22,820 acute CV deaths of which 5.7% related to COVID-19, and an excess acute CV mortality of 1752 (+8%) compared with the expected daily deaths in the same period. Deaths in the community accounted for nearly half of all deaths during this period. Care homes had the greatest increase in excess acute CV deaths (1065, +40%), followed by deaths at home (1728, +34%) and in hospital (57, +0%). The most frequent cause of acute CV death during this period was stroke (8,290, 36.3%), followed by acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (5,532, 24.2%), heart failure (5,280, 23.1%), pulmonary embolism (2,067, 9.1%) and cardiac arrest (1,037, 4.5%). Deep vein thrombosis had the greatest increase in cause of excess acute CV death (18, +25%), followed pulmonary embolism (340, +19%) and stroke (782, +10%). The greatest cause of excess CV death in care homes was stroke (700, +48%), compared with cardiac arrest (80, +56%) at home, and pulmonary embolism (126, +14%) and cardiogenic shock (41, +14%) in hospital.Conclusions and relevanceThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in an inflation in acute CV deaths above that expected for the time of year, nearly half of which occurred in the community. The most common cause of acute CV death was stroke followed by acute coronary syndrome and heart failure. This is key information to optimise messaging to the public and enable health resource planning.
Utrametric diffusion model for spread of covid-19 in socially clustered population: Can herd immunity be approached in Sweden?
Authors: Khrennikov Andrei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe present a new mathematical model of disease spread reflecting specialties of covid-19 epidemic by elevating the role social clustering of population. The model can be used to explain slower approaching herd immunity in Sweden, than it was predicted by a variety of other mathematical models; see graphs Fig. 2. The hierarchic structure of social clusters is mathematically modeled with ultrametric spaces having treelike geometry. To simplify mathematics, we consider homogeneous trees withp-branches leaving each vertex. Such trees are endowed with algebraic structure, thep-adic number fields. We apply theory of thep-adic diffusion equation to describe coronavirus’ spread in hierarchically clustered population. This equation has applications to statistical physics and microbiology for modelingdynamics on energy landscapes. To move from one social cluster (valley) to another, the virus (its carrier) should cross a social barrier between them. The magnitude of a barrier depends on the number of social hierarchy’s levels composing this barrier. As the most appropriate for the recent situation in Sweden, we considerlinearly increasing barriers. This structure matches with mild regulations in Sweden. The virus spreads rather easily inside a social cluster (say working collective), but jumps to other clusters are constrained by social barriers. This behavior matches with the covid-19 epidemic, with its cluster spreading structure. Our model differs crucially from the standard mathematical models of spread of disease, such as the SIR-model. We present socio-medical specialties of the covid-19 epidemic supporting our purely diffusional model.
Graduate students significantly more concerned than undergraduates about returning to campus in the era of COVID-19
Authors: Ebell Mark H. , Bierema Laura , Haines Lauren 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionAs students return to colleges and universities in the fall of 2020, it is important to understand their perception of risk and their desire for in person versus online learning, which may differ between undergraduate and graduate students.MethodsWe anonymously surveyed 212 undergraduate and 134 graduate students in the College of Public Health, and 94 graduate students in the College of Education in late June, 2020. We asked them Likert style questions regarding their comfort returning to campus and their preferred learning strategies once back. We compared “Strongly agree/Agree” with “Neutral/Disagree/Strongly disagree” using a chi-square test.ResultsGraduate students were significantly less likely to look forward to being on campus (38.3% doctoral vs 40.6% master’s vs 77.7% undergraduate, p < 0.001), more likely to perceive themselves as high risk (43.3% doctoral vs 40.0% masters vs 17.5% undergraduate, p < 0.001), and were more likely to prefer all classwork online (66.7% doctoral vs 44.6% master’s vs 20.8% undergraduate, p < 0.001). Graduate students were also less likely to prefer to be in the classroom as much as possible in the fall (59.2% doctoral vs 67.7% master’s vs 74.5% undergraduate, p < 0.001). Most were not concerned about their ability to conduct research. Students generally supported wearing of facemasks indoors.ConclusionsThere are important differences in perception of risk and desire for online versus in-person learning between undergraduate and graduate students. Faculty and administrators must acknowledge and address these differences as they prepare for return to campus in the fall.
Investigation of cotton fabric composites as a natural radar-absorbing material
Authors: Ayan Muhammet Çağrı , Kiriş Serap , Yapici Ahmet , Karaaslan Muharrem , Akgöl Oğuzhan , Altıntaş Olcay , Ünal Emin 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate cotton fabric behavior that is exposed to radar waves between selected operation frequencies as an alternative radar-absorbing material (RAM) response. Cotton fabric biocomposite materials were compared with carbon fabric composite materials, which are good absorbers, in terms of mechanical and electromagnetic (EM) properties for that purpose.Design/methodology/approachThe laminated composite plates were manufactured by using a vacuum infusion process. The EM tests were experimentally performed with a vector network analyzer to measure reflection, transmission and absorption ability of cotton fabric, carbon fabric and cotton–carbon fabric (side by side) composite plates between 3 and 18 GHz. The tensile and low-velocity impact tests were carried out to compare the mechanical properties of cotton fabric and carbon fabric composite plates. A scanning electron microscope was used for viewing the topographical features of fracture surfaces.FindingsThe cotton fabric composite plate exhibits low mechanical values, but it gives higher EM wave absorption values than the carbon fabric composite plate in certain frequency ranges. Comparing the EM absorption properties of the combination of cotton and carbon composites with those of the carbon composite alone, it appears that the cotton–carbon combination can be considered as a better absorber than the carbon composite in a frequency range from 12 to 18 GHz at Ku band.Originality/valueThis paper shows how cotton, which is a natural and easily supplied low-cost raw material, can be evaluated as a RAM.
Close knit: using consumption communities to overcome loneliness
Authors: O Sullivan Máire , Richardson Brendan 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to highlight the role of consumption communities as a self-help support group to ameliorate loneliness. The authors suggest that the self-help element of consumption communities has been overlooked because of a focus on communities pursuing hegemonic masculinity. Instead, the authors focus on a female-led and – dominated consumption community.

Design/methodology/approach
A longitudinal ethnography was undertaken with the aim of understanding consumer behaviour in a “hyper-feminine” environment. Participant observation, depth interviews and netnography were carried out over five years within the Knitting community, focussing on an Irish Stitch ‘n’ Bitch group.

Findings
A dimension of consumption communities has been overlooked in the extant literature; this female-led and -dominated community functions as a self-help support group used as a “treatment” for loneliness. It also demonstrates all the characteristics of a support group.

Research limitations/implications
This study offers a framework with which new studies of community consumption can be examined or existing studies can be re-examined, through rather than cases of loneliness and self-help support groups.

Practical implications
Marketers have an opportunity to build supportive consumption communities that provide a safe space for support where commerce and brand-building can also occur. Groups aimed at ameliorating loneliness may wish to consider integration of the consumption community model.

Originality/value
Calls have been made for a reconceptualisation of consumption communities as current typologies seem inadequate. This paper responds with a critical examination through the lens of the self-help support group, while also taking steps towards resolving the gender imbalance in the consumption community literature. The paper explores loneliness, a previously underexamined motivator for consumption community membership.
RepGrid: a new way of identifying and assessing teaching competency
Authors: Srivastava Praveen Kumar , Gupta Manish , Jaiswal Bhavna 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis study illustrates the use of the repertory grid in identifying and assessing effective teaching competencies.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected from two subsamples that consist of business management students and engineering students. The systematic repertory grid (RepGrid) method was performed to identify broad effective teaching competencies.FindingsBroad effective teaching competencies found in the study include teaching approach, behavioral orientation, subject expertise, and communication skills among others.Research limitations/implicationsInterestingly, the responses of the subsamples differ in the competencies identified and the weights assigned to a particular competency. Further, the results indicate the importance of having a “context” and thereby challenge the concept of generic teaching competencies.Practical implicationsThe universities are encouraged to use RepGrid technique to assess effective teaching competencies of their faculty members.Originality/valueThe techniques for developing teaching competency models by some prior studies have several inherent flaws including the efficiency and effectiveness of data collection. The study takes forward the suggestions of scholars to use a rigorous technique, repertory grid, to overcome several of these flaws to a large extent.
To what extent Iranian primary school textbooks mirror the philosophy of heritage education?
Authors: Barghi Rabeeh , Hamzah Aswati , Rasoolimanesh S. Mostafa 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis paper evaluates the content of Iranian primary school textbooks – as the fundamental educational tool in transmitting of key components – to highlight to what extent the content pursues the philosophy of heritage education. Heritage preservation, known to be fostering of the sustainable development, is successfully achieved through the education of young people. The philosophy of heritage education is to cultivate the sense of responsibility toward heritage preservation through the approaches of education through heritage, about heritage and for heritage in which students obtain knowledge, understand the value and develop their attitudes.Design/methodology/approachThis study applies the content analysis approach to evaluate the subject textbooks of the Iranian primary school curriculum. The content analysis was conducted for 51 textbooks across nine subjects and the teacher guidebooks for the art and physical education subjects. Historic country of Iran with a rich local and world cultural and natural heritage is significant context for this study.FindingsThe findings show that, however, heritage elements are applied for conveying the content of some subjects, there is the lack of clarifying of the concept and importance of heritage and cultivating the sense of responsibility toward its preservation.Originality/valueThe results contribute significantly in the heritage education literature as well as improving heritage education in Iran by highlighting the key points which should be considered to design heritage education programs.
Comparing small business owner and voter beliefs regarding constraints on business growth
Authors: Malone Trey , Koumpias Antonios M. 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis research note compares voter opinions regarding small business entrepreneurial activity to opinions of small business owners and links any divergence in perceptions to realized suboptimal entrepreneurial growth policy.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data collection via best–worst scaling and estimation of linear regression models.FindingsResults suggest that small business owners are less concerned about issues such as foreign competition, estate/death taxes, oil prices and labor union demands but are more concerned with domestic competition, income taxes, regulatory burdens and availability of credit from lenders.Social implicationsThe authors find major discrepancies in opinions about trade policy and business financing, which may lead to policy design that hinders entrepreneurship given evidence that politicians do respond to voters' opinions (Autor et al., 2016).Originality/valueIt represents the first empirical assessment of differences between voter and small business owner perspectives on entrepreneurial policy. An immediate policy implication includes the need to provide additional avenues of communication of entrepreneurs' concerns.
Attractiveness, trustworthiness and expertise – social influencers’ winning formula?
Authors: Wiedmann Klaus-Peter , von Mettenheim Walter 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The importance of influencer marketing is constantly growing. However, little empirical research has examined influencers’ success requirements. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring whether the requirements of influencers’ attractiveness, expertise and trustworthiness are relevant for online influencer campaigns. An entry-level luxury fashion brand is the focus of the experiment.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 288 participants completed an online survey evaluating the profiles of influencers who varied in terms of the three abovementioned requirements. The impacts of these requirements on brand image, brand satisfaction and brand trust as well as purchase intention and price premium were tested via structural equation modeling.

Findings
The results show that the most important requirement is trustworthiness, followed by attractiveness; surprisingly, the relevance of expertise is virtually nil.

Research limitations/implications
To date, practitioners are still struggling with the success requirements of influencer marketing. They have focused on traditional advertising models and numeric requirements such as the amount of followers. However, regarding merely these requirements can result in wrong decisions. Considering the two requirements, attractiveness and trustworthiness, in a stronger way can provide a remedy to this struggle. In future research, the relevance of the requirements in different involvement conditions and for non-attractiveness-related products might be investigated.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the first to explore the success requirements that are directly related to influencers (e.g. attractiveness) rather than numeric requirements of their profiles (e.g. page rank) and the impacts of those requirements on brand image, brand satisfaction and brand trust as well as purchase intention and price premium. It adapts the Source-Credibility Model for influencers and shows that its requirements interact in a unique way that is counterintuitive and different from other endorser types such as celebrities or salespersons.
The role of teamwork on team performance in extreme military environments: an empirical study
Authors: Meslec Nicoleta , Duel Jacco , Soeters Joseph 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore the extent to which teamwork (developed either during an initial training phase or during a subsequent deployment phase) is influenced by the nature of the team’s environment (extreme vs non-extreme) and the extent to which teamwork is one of the explaining mechanisms for team performance.

Design/methodology/approach
Data was collected from 60 teams at 2 time-points: training phase in The Netherlands or Germany and deployment phase (in locations such as Afghanistan and Bosnia-Herzegovina).

Findings
This study’s results indicate that when teams consider working in extreme environments, they develop higher levels of teamwork as compared to teams expecting to work in non-extreme environments. These differences remain stable also during the deployment phase, such that teams operating in extreme environments will continue to have higher levels of teamwork as compared to teams operating in non-extreme environments.

Originality/value
With this study, the authors contribute to the teamwork quality research stream by empirically studying how teamwork quality develops in unique military contexts such as extreme environments. Studies in such contexts are relatively rare.
Patients presenting for hospital‐based screening for the coronavirus disease 2019: Risk of disease, and healthcare access preferences
Authors: Rojek Amanda , Dutch Martin , Peyton Daniel , Pelly Rachel , Putland Mark , Hiscock Harriet , Knott Jonathan ,   the RMH ED COVID‐19 Working Group
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveEarly during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, Australian EDs experienced an unprecedented surge in patients seeking screening. Understanding what proportion of these patients require testing and who can be safely screened in community‐based models of care is critical for workforce and infrastructure planning across the healthcare system, as well as public messaging campaigns.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional survey, we screened patients presenting to a COVID‐19 screening clinic in a tertiary ED. We assessed the proportion of patients who met testing criteria; self‐reported symptom severity; reasons why they came to the ED for screening and views on community‐based care.ResultsWe include findings from 1846 patients. Most patients (55.3%) did not meet contemporaneous criteria for testing and most (57.6%) had mild or no (13.4%) symptoms. The main reason for coming to the ED was being referred by a telephone health service (31.3%) and 136 (7.4%) said they tried to contact their general practitioner but could not get an appointment. Only 47 (2.6%) said they thought the disease was too specialised for their general practitioner to manage.ConclusionsWhile capacity building in acute care facilities is an important part of pandemic planning, it is also important that patients not needing hospital level of care can be assessed and treated elsewhere. We have identified a significant proportion of people at this early stage in the pandemic who have sought healthcare at hospital but who might have been assisted in the community had services been available and public health messaging structured to guide them there.