bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salinas. Paisaje de silencio = Salt flats. A silent landscape
Authors: Abad Flores Reyes , Gross Ariza Macarena 
Published: May 2020

RESUMEN: La serie fotográfica Salinas. Paisajes de silencio presentada en el Seminario internacional Paisajes de la sal (UPM 2019) se inserta en un proyecto de investigación estética que busca retratar espacios pensados, diseñados para/desde el silencio dentro de los límites de Andalucía. Este conjunto de paisajes evocadores y cautos, estimula una percepción ajena a ciertos estereotipos culturales y estéticos vinculados, fundamentalmente, a la tradición urbana. En la búsqueda intuitiva de estos espacios imprecisos, las salinas se convierten en objetivo clave por su fórmula paisajística natural, artesanal y su plástica cambiante. Las imágenes generan una ficción, un lugar idealizado y necesario donde la naturaleza es protagonista y la presencia humana relegada. Siguiendo un juego de sinestesias, una serie de objetos interactúan con el medio, evocando un sonido, un sabor, un estado, una historia y una luz. La serie está realizada por completo en las salinas de Bonanza de Sanlúcar de Barrameda (Cádiz). ABSTRACT:The photographic serie Salt flats. A silent landscape was presented in the International Seminary Cultural Landscapes of Artisan Salt (UPM 2019) as part of an artistic research proyect about a range of scenaries and territories whitin the limits of Andalusia that embodies the aestehtic values of silence. These evocative and guarded landscapes bring a perspective that differs from the stereotyped views of the local traditions and cultural identity. The beauty of the salt flats soon became an inspiration and a main focus of the work. The mix of natural landscape, artisanal production and the changing appearance of plastic elements generates a fiction and an idealistic vision of a silent landscape, a particular concept of photography that emphazises the beauty of nature and relegates the human presence to a second place. A number of objects related to the popular culture and the artisanal production of salt interact with the enviroment and the artistic intentionality is build around a shared body of synesthesia: a sound, a light, a taste, a story, an emotion... The photographic serie was made in the historic salt flats of Sanlúcar de Barrameda (Cádiz).
Multiple Sclerosis: Lipids, Lymphocytes, and Vitamin D
Authors: Hayes Colleen E. , Ntambi James M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. We review the two core MS features, myelin instability, fragmentation, and remyelination failure, and dominance of pathogenic CD4+ Th17 cells over protective CD4+ Treg cells. To better understand myelin pathology, we describe myelin biosynthesis, structure, and function, then highlight stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) in nervonic acid biosynthesis and nervonic acid's contribution to myelin stability. Noting that vitamin D deficiency decreases SCD in the periphery, we propose it also decreases SCD in oligodendrocytes, disrupting the nervonic acid supply and causing myelin instability and fragmentation. To better understand the distorted Th17/Treg cell balance, we summarize Th17 cell contributions to MS pathogenesis, then highlight how 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 signaling from microglia to CD4+ T cells restores Treg cell dominance. This signaling rapidly increases flux through the methionine cycle, removing homocysteine, replenishing S-adenosyl-methionine, and improving epigenetic marking. Noting that DNA hypomethylation and inappropriate DRB1∗1501 expression were observed in MS patient CD4+ T cells, we propose that vitamin D deficiency thwarts epigenetic downregulation of DRB1#x2217;1501 and Th17 cell signature genes, and upregulation of Treg cell signature genes, causing dysregulation within the CD4+ T cell compartment. We explain how obesity reduces vitamin D status, and how estrogen and vitamin D collaborate to promote Treg cell dominance in females. Finally, we discuss the implications of this new knowledge concerning myelin and the Th17/Treg cell balance, and advocate for efforts to address the global epidemics of obesity and vitamin D deficiency in the expectation of reducing the impact of MS.
Tipologi Penyediaan Infrastruktur Perumahan di Kawasan Peri-urban Utara-Selatan Metropolitan Bandung Raya
Authors: Vitriana Anita 
Published: May 2020

<p class="Abstract"><em>Bandung Municipality has been experiencing in expanding its region to become greater area as Bandung Metropolitan Area (BMA). With a very wide scope of territory, cross border-administrative, and the number of developers involved, it has led to different character of infrastructure provision, particularly between the residential in the northern and southern part of the peri-urban BMA. This study aims to identify the issues of infrastructure provision in both areas through a micro-empirical study. The character identification is in terms of availability and accessibility according to the SNI 03-1733-2004 on Procedures for Housing Environmental Planning in Urban. The typology of peri-urban areas is represented by two villages in the northern and southern of BMA. Data source is obtained by the primary and secondary method. The analysis uses the simple qualitative method and the content analysis approach. The results show that the northern housing typology is superior in terms of providing clean water infrastructure and the standard electricity capacity, but it has lack provision of commercial and trade facilities. While the southern housing typology is on the contrary. It excels in the provision of commercial and trade facilities, but it has inadequate provision of clean water and the electricity capacity. </em></p>
Extra-articular Tenodesis Using Autogenous Iliotibial Band for Symptomatic Congenital Absence of Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Authors: Patwardhan Sandeep , Sodhai Vivek , Sancheti Parag , Shyam Ashok 
Published: May 2020

Case:
We report 2 cases of congenital absence of anterior cruciate ligament with symptomatic knee instability in young children. This report describes the surgical technique and outcomes of extra-articular tenodesis using autogenous iliotibial band (ITB) without drilling across the open physis. Excellent results were observed at a short-term follow-up.

Conclusion:
Severe symptoms of knee instability even in young children may warrant surgical approach. Extra-articular tenodesis using autogenous ITB in young children is a good option with positive improvements in knee stability and symptomatic relief.
Pengaruh Special Event Pembukaan ASIAN GAMES ke-18 Tahun 2018 terhadap Reputasi Ketua Panitia INASGOC
Authors: Harwinda Alfilonia , Ikhsano Andre 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini penting karena dilihat dari kesuksesan pembukaan acara Asian Games ke-18 tahun 2018 yang megah dan spektakuler berkaitan dengan reputasi ketua panitia INASGOC. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisa adakah pengaruh dan seberapa besar pengaruh special event pembukaan Asian Games ke 18 tahun 2018 terhadap reputasi ketua panitia INASGOC dari sudut pandang teori harapan melalui special event, dan reputasi. Dalam penelitian ini ada 2 variabel yaitu variabel X (special event) menggunakan 8 dimensi terdiri dari uniqueness, perishability, intangibility, ritual or ceremony, ambience and service, personal contact and interaction, labour intensive, dan fixed timescale sedangkan variabel Y (reputasi) menggunakan 4 dimensi terdiri dari kredibilitas, terpercaya, keterandalan dan tanggung jawab sosial. Penelitian ini melalui metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan menguji regresi linear sederhana, koefisien persamaan regresi, uji anova, analisis korelasi, dan uji normalitas. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 orang responden yang menonton langsung pembukaan Asian Games ke-18 tahun 2018 di Gelora Bung Karno Jakarta. Penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil dari Pearson Correlation Product Moments menunjukkan sebesar 0,628 bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan kuat yang signifikan antara special event pembukan Asian Games ke-18 tahun 2018 terhadap reputasi ketua panitia INASGOC. Penelitian ini juga terdapat besar pengaruh special event pembukaan Asian Games ke-18 tahun 2018 terhadap reputasi ketua panitia INASGOC adalah 39,4%.
Treatment of fresh thoracolumbar vertebral burst fracture based on intraoperative CT scan
Authors: li yuwei , cui wei , Zhou Peng , Li Cheng , Xiao Wei , Wen Yan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of intraoperative CT scanning in the treatment of fresh thoracolumbar burst fractures .MethodThe data of patients with thoracolumbar fractures from January 2008 to January 2015 were analyzed retrospectively,79 cases were treatment group which were treated with intraoperative CT scan and decompression mode was determined according to CT scan results during the period from October 2012 to January 2015; 82 patients as the observation group were treated without intraoperative CT scan and direct laminectomy were performed during the period from January 2008 to October 2012. In the treatment group, it is no further decompression of the spinal canal when the CT showed a reduction of the fracture block into the spinal canal, If the intraoperative CT showed that the fractures still occupied the spinal dura mater according to the three-dimensional CT information, The position and the size of the fracture of the spinal canal were determined, and the unilateral laminectomy was performed corresponding to the position of the lamina and intervertebral ligamentum flavum. The operative time, bleeding volume, neurological function, height of the anterior vertebral compression and Cobb angle were compared between the two groups.ResultIn the treatment group, CT scan showed 48 cases (60.8%) entered the spinal canal fracture completely or basically reset .31 cases (39.2%) still occupied the spinal canal compression spinal dura mater. There were significant differences in the operation time and bleeding volume between the two groups. The treatment group was less than the control group. There was no infection, secondary spinal cord injury, loose fixation and other complications. There was no difference in the ASIA classification before and after operation. The anterior vertebral height and COBB angle of the two groups were significantly improved compared with those before operation. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the postoperative height and COBB angle, but after 2 years the difference was statistically significant between the two groups, to retain the rear ligament complex treatment group was significantly better than the control group.ConclusionPatients of thoracolumbar vertebral fracture in hyperextension position combined with internal fixation can achieve good correction effect. Orthopedic postoperative CT scan and according to the results of the scan precision treatment can simplify the operation, there was no difference in clinical efficacy compared with total laminectomy, but some patients avoid the spinal canal decompression and part were treated by small fenestration laminectomy decompression, which is conducive to the protection of spinouts ligament complex integrity.
Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveal new insights into stone cell formation in Korla pear
Authors: Mamat Aisajan , Zhang Xiaoli , Xu Juan , Yan Peng , Mei Chuang , Wang Jixun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Korla fragrant pear(P•sinkiangensis Yü)is a famous local variety of Xinjiang China. One difficulty is the high stone cell content of these pears, which causes the formation of rough skins on the fruit. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of stone cell formation, parallel analyses of the transcriptome and proteome was performed to identify important regulators and pathways involved in stone cell formation.Results Fruit samples were collected at three important time points depending on the stages of stone cell formation (20, 50 and 80 days after flowering). A total of 24268 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1011 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were identified from all the time points. Function analysis of the differential genes/proteins revealed that a set of candidates was associated with stone cell formation. These candidates mainly enriched in pathways involved in lignin biosynthesis, cellulose and xylan biosynthesis, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) metabolic process, Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and cell death. We mined a total of 253 DEGs, and 100 DAPs, 63 of which were significantly changed at both the transcript and protein levels during fruit development.Conclusions Our findings reveal that some intriguing genes/proteins were previously unrecognized related with the sclereid formation, which provided new insights into molecular processes regulating sclereid accumulation in pear pulp.
The effects of ellagic acid on testicular tissue changes, sexual hormones, antioxidant system and Gene Expression of Caspase-9 and Bcl-2 in the relative sterility rat model following administration of busulfan: A stereological study
Authors: Vakili Sina , koohpeyma farhad , Saki Forough , Mahmoodi Marzieh , Jaberi Khojaste Rahimi , Movahedpour Ahmad , Jamalnia Neda , khorchani Majid jafari , Noroozi Saam 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Busulfan is an antineoplastic medication that is broadly utilized for cancer treatment. On the other hand, prescription of busulfan may cause sterility in male patients. Therefore, the decrease of this side effect is important. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of ellagic acid on testicular tissue changes, sexual hormones, antioxidant defense system, and caspase-9 and Bcl2 gene expression in the relative sterility rat model following administration of busulfan.Methods Rats were randomly assigned to five groups of 13 animals per group. Sterility was induced by a single injection of busulfan (10 mg/kg) in groups 3, 4 and 5. The control group was not treated. The healthy group received 50 mg/kg ellagic acid. Groups 4 and 5 (treatment group) received 10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg ellagic acid, respectively for 48 days. Then, the serum levels of antioxidant enzymes, Malondialdehyde, sexual hormones and the testicular damage were evaluated.Results The significant increment of total antioxidant capacity and catalase was seen in both treatment groups (p < 0.001). Also, both treatment groups significantly increased spermatogonia, round spermatids and long spermatids. Treatment with 50 mg/kg ellagic acid significantly increased the testis weight, testis volume, seminiferous tubule volume, germinal epithelium volume, interstitial tissue volume, spermatocyte, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells in the busulfan group(P < 0.05). Additionally, 50 mg/kg ellagic acid significantly increased the gene expression of Bcl2 and decreased caspase 9 in the busulfan group (P < 0.05).Conclusions The consumption of ellagic acid may have beneficial effects on antioxidant defense system, sexual hormones abnormality and testicular tissue damage.
Dexmedetomidine attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion-induced inflammation through the miR-17-5p/TLR4/NF-κB axis
Authors: Suo Liangyuan , Wang Mingyu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a selective agonist of α2-adrenergic receptors with anesthetic activity and neuroprotective benefits. However, its mechanism of action at the molecular level remains poorly defined. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of Dex on OGD/R-induced neuronal apoptosis in PC12 cells, and evaluated its underlying mechanism(s) of neuroprotection and anti-inflammation.Methods An OGD/R model of PC12 cells was established. PC12 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into control, OGD/R, and OGD/R + Dex (1, 10, 50 µM) groups. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry and gene expression profiles were determined by qRT-PCR, western blot analysis, and enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The interaction between miRNA and its downstream targets were evaluated through luciferase reporter assays.Results Dex significantly decreased the rates of apoptosis rates and inhibited IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α release (p < 0.05). The expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase-3 were down-regulated, whilst Bcl-2 was upregulated in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). MiR-17-5p was down-regulated in the OGD/R group compared to controls. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a key regulator of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling, was identified as a novel target of miR-17-5p in PC12 cells. The expression of miR-17-5p was upregulated in the OGD/R + Dex group which suppressed TLR4 expression and reduced the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines.Conclusion DEX inhibits OGD/R-induced inflammation and apoptosis in PC12 cells by increasing miR-17-5p expression, downregulating TLR4, and inhibiting NF-κB signaling.
Introducing a clerkship curriculum based on entrustable professional activities: a pilot study
Authors: Pinilla Severin , Cantisani Andrea , Klöppel Stefan , Strik Werner , Nissen Christoph , Huwendiek Sören 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundGeneral clerkship quality criteria have not been studied after introducing a curriculum based on entrustable professional activities (EPAs). Therefore, we conducted a pilot study to explore educational outcomes of an EPA-based clerkship curriculum reform.MethodsWe collected multiple self-assessment and evaluation data on levels 1-3 of the New World Kirkpatrick model (KPM). For level 1 (reaction) we analyzed curriculum evaluations and verbal and written students’ feedback. For level 2 (learning) pre- and post-clerkship self-assessments of perceived need for supervision for each EPA and students’ written learning reflections based on patient mix exposure were analyzed. For level 3 (behavior) we evaluated workplace-based assessments.ResultsThe first student cohort in the new EPA-based clerkship completed 180 self-assessments (18 per student) of need for supervision and 63 documented workplace-based assessments (average of 6.3 per student in four weeks). On KPM level 1 we saw a high overall satisfaction with the clerkship (average of 4.9, range: 4.0-5.0 on a 5-point Likert scale). In written evaluations and feedback rounds students pointed out the importance of structured bedside teaching in the first clerkship week. On KPM level 2 the overall decrease of self-assessed need for supervision before and after the clerkship was two supervision levels (from direct to indirect supervision) and statistically significant (p < 0.05). For three EPAs students reached indirect supervision levels. Learning reflections and patient mix analysis indicated that students were exposed to a wide range of diagnostic categories (ICD-10: F0 – F6) and received actionable feedback for communication skills. On KPM level 3 clinical supervisors predominantly used EPAs 1 (History taking), 2 (Assessing mental status) and 8 (Documentation and presentation) for workplace-based assessments. We saw a decreasing need for supervision from the first to the last week in the clerkship according to the supervisors’ judgements.ConclusionStudents reacted positively to introducing an EPA-based clerkship curriculum. The EPA-oriented formative self-assessments and workplace-based assessments seemed to support achievement of competency-based learning goals. However, more in-depth understanding of the entrustment process in the clerkship context is necessary to fully leverage the potential of an EPA-based clerkship.
Conversion Among Photo-Oxidative Products of Polypropylene in Solid, Liquid and Gaseous States
Authors: Liu Xuan , Yang Rui 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
During aging of polymers, oxidized species on macromolecular chains in solid state, volatile degradation products in liquid state and gaseous degradation products in gaseous state are often investigated separately. The conversion among these products is not especially concerned and biased results may be obtained based on the products in a single state. In this paper, photo-oxidative products of commercial polypropylene (PP) and unstabilized PP in solid, liquid and gaseous states were investigated by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) and gas chromatography (GC). By comparing the formation profiles, conversion among the photo-oxidative products in three states was traced. During photo-oxidative aging, the main chains of PP were first oxidized to form carbonyl species in solid state, or fractured to form volatile alkenes as liquid. With the proceeding of aging, the oxidized main chains fractured to form small molecules, resulting in the conversion of oxidized species from solid state to liquid and gaseous states. When the aging degree was extremely high, the accumulation of liquid oxidized products was limited due to migration and condensation. Therefore, both the carbonyl index (CI) and the concentrations of volatile oxidized products were increased first and then decreased, while the concentrations of gaseous products kept increasing all along.
Self-reported history and saliva analyses of recreational drug use among students in a public university in Mombasa, Kenya
Authors: Budambula Valentine , Jelagat Joan , Budambula Nancy L.M. , Ngari Moses M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Recreational drug use among students in tertiary institutions remains a public health concern. Despite documentation of drug use in Kenyan universities, most of the studies are based on self reported history which is prone to social desirability bias. It is in this context that we sought to establish actual drug use among university students. Methods: We investigated self reported and confirmed drug use. Using proportionate to size and snowball sampling methods 380 respondents were enrolled. Social demographic characteristics and self reported drug use history were documented using a participant assisted questionnaire. Actual drug use was determined qualitatively using 6 panel plus alcohol SalivaConfirm™ Saliva Test kit. Results: Most (75%) of the participants were sexually active. Based on self reported history, 221 (58%) students reported a life time ever use of drugs while based on saliva testing (193) 51%) tested positive for at least one drug. Alcohol, tobacco products (cotinine), marijuana and amphetamine or khat were the most preferred drugs. The usage was either solely, concurrently or simultaneously. In the multivariate regression model, compared to students with no sexual partner having multiple sexual partners was associated with risk of testing positive for any drug: adjusted risk ratio (aRR) of 2.06 (95% CI 1.26, 3.37). Compared to residence within the university hostel and its environs, residing in town was associated with risk of testing positive for any drug: aRR 1.67 (95%CI 1.16, 2.42). Having one and multiple sexual partners were associated with risk of self-reported drug use: aRR of 1.55 (95% CI 1.05, 2.28) and 2.05 (95% CI 1.28, 3.27) respectively. While compared to residence in university hostel and its environs, residing in town was associated with risk of self-reported drug use: aRR 1.48 (95%CI 1.05, 2.08). Conclusion : Irrespective of the method used to record data alcohol, tobacco products (cotinine), marijuana and amphetamine or khat were the most preferred drugs. The usage was solely, concurrently or simultaneously. Future interventions should focus on continuing students, students’ residence and those who are sexually active. Key words : Self reported drug use; saliva analysis; poly-drug use; and university students