bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outpatient Foley Catheter for Induction of Labor in Nulliparous Women
Authors: Ausbeck Elizabeth B. , Jauk Victoria C. , Xue Yumo , Files Pamela , Kuper Spencer G. , Subramaniam Akila , Casey Brian M. , Szychowski Jeff M. , Harper Lorie M. , Tita Alan T. 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE:
To assess whether outpatient cervical ripening with a transcervical Foley catheter in nulliparous women undergoing elective labor induction shortens the time from admission to delivery.

METHODS:
We performed a randomized controlled trial of patients with singleton pregnancies undergoing elective labor induction at 39 weeks of gestation or more with a modified Bishop score less than 5. Women were randomized 1:1 to outpatient or inpatient transcervical Foley. In the outpatient group, the Foley was inserted the day before admission for scheduled induction; insertion was performed at scheduled admission in the inpatient group. The primary outcome was duration of time from admission to the labor and delivery unit to delivery. With 80% power and a two-sided α of 0.05, a sample size of 126 was estimated to detect at least a 5-hour mean difference in time from admission to delivery between groups from a baseline duration of 19±10 hours.

RESULTS:
From May 2018 to October 2019, 126 women were randomized, 63 in each group. Baseline characteristics were balanced between groups, except that body mass index (31±5.4 vs 34±7.5, P=.01) and group B streptococcus colonization (31% vs 54%, P=.01) were lower in the outpatient group. The time from admission to delivery was shorter in the outpatient group (17.4±7.4 vs 21.7±9.1 hours, P<.01, mean difference 4.3 hours, 95% CI 1.3–7.2). Admissions before scheduled induction were higher in the outpatient group (22% vs 5%, relative risk [RR] 4.7, 95% CI 1.4–15.4, P<.01), as was median modified Bishop score on admission (3 vs 1, P<.01). Cesarean delivery (24% vs 32%, RR 0.8, 95% CI 0.4–1.3, P=.32) and chorioamnionitis (22% vs 13%, RR 1.8, 95% CI 0.8–3.9, P=.16) were not significantly different between groups.

CONCLUSION:
In nulliparous patients undergoing elective labor induction at term, outpatient cervical ripening with a transcervical Foley catheter reduced the time from admission to delivery.

CLINCAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03472937.
The Use of Hemostatic Blood Products in Children Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Associated Outcomes
Authors: Closson Ryan , Mauer Elizabeth , Stock Arabela , Dayton Jeffrey D. , LaPar Damien J. , Walline Maria C. , Nellis Marianne E. 
Published: August 2020

Objectives:
To describe the use of hemostatic transfusions in children following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and the association of hemostatic transfusions postoperatively with clinical outcomes.

Design:
A retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
PICU of a tertiary care center from 2011 to 2017.

Patients:
Children 0–18 years old undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Four-hundred twenty children underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. The median (interquartile range) age was 0.8 years (0.3–5 yr) and 243 (58%) were male. The majority of cases were classified as Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery 2 (223, 54%) or Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery 3 (124, 30%). Twenty-four percent of children (102/420) received at least one hemostatic transfusion with the most common first product being platelet transfusions (47/102), followed by plasma (44/102), and cryoprecipitate (11/102). The children who received hemostatic transfusions were younger (p = 0.006), had lower body weights (p = 0.004), less likely to be their initial operation with cardiopulmonary bypass (p = 0.003), underwent more complex surgeries (p = 0.001) with longer bypass runs (p < 0.001), and had more use of hypothermic circulatory arrest (p = 0.014). The receipt of hemostatic blood products postoperatively was independently associated with more days of mechanical ventilation (p < 0.001) and longer PICU lengths of stay (p = 0.001) but not with time receiving vasoactive mediations (p = 0.113) or nosocomial infections (p = 0.299).

Conclusions:
Nearly one-quarter of children undergoing cardiac repair with cardiopulmonary bypass receive hemostatic transfusions postoperatively. These blood products are independently associated with worse clinical outcomes. Larger studies should be performed to determine the hemostatic efficacy of these products, as well as to clarify associated morbidities, in order to inform proper blood management.
Is Higher Viral Load in SARS-CoV-2 Associated With Death?
Authors: Faíco-Filho Klinger Soares , Passarelli Victor Cabelho , Bellei Nancy 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is no proven prognostic marker or adequate number of studies in patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from March 14 to June 17, 2020, at São Paulo Hospital. SARS-CoV-2 viral load was assessed using the cycle threshold (Ct) values obtained from an RT-PCR assay applied to the nasopharyngeal swab samples. Disease severity and patient outcomes were compared.ResultsAmong the 875 patients, 50.1% (439/875) had mild, 30.4% (266/875) moderate, and 19.5% (170/875) severe disease. A Ct value of <25 (472/875) indicated a high viral load, which was independently associated with mortality (OR: 0,34; 95% CI: 0,217–0,533; p < 0.0001).ConclusionsAdmission SARS-CoV-2 viral load is an important surrogate biomarker of infectivity and is independently associated with mortality among patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
Epstein-Barr virus and its prognostic value in a cohort of Peruvian women with cervical cancer
Authors: Castro Denisse , Vera Juana , Soto-Becerra Percy , López-Ilasaca Marco , Yabar Alejandro , Cámara Anais , Fernández Ana , Malpica Luis , Beltrán Brady 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimWe aim to evaluate the prognostic effect of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection on overall survival (OS) in Peruvian women with cervical cancer.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study. Polymerase chain reaction technique was used in paraffin-embedded tumor tissue for the detection of EBNA-1 and LMP-1. We used a multiple Cox proportional-hazard regression to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for death and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). In order to model continuous variables without categorization, we used a multivariable fractional polynomial approach. We performed a stability analysis using bootstrapping for internal validation.ResultsA total of 99 patients with cervical cancer were included. The prevalence of EBV in cervical cancer specimens was 22.2% (n=22). The 1-year and 5-year OS rates were 81.8% (95% CI 58.5-92.8) and 45% (95% CI 23.9-64.1) in the EBV-positive group compared to 78.8% (95% CI 67.7-86.4) and 37.8% (95% CI 25.7-49.8) in the EBV-negative group, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, positive EBV status was an independent prognostic factor for improved OS (aHR: 0.32; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.67; p=0.002) compared to negative EBV status.ConclusionsEBV status is an independent prognostic factor for OS in cervical cancer. Evaluation of EBV status could be used as a clinical prognostic biomarker and to improve currently available prognostic models such as the FIGO system. Future prospective studies will be needed to validate these theories.
Short-term change in air pollution following the COVID-19 state of emergency: A national analysis for the United States
Authors: Tyagi Pooja , Braun Danielle , Sabath Benjamin , Henneman Lucas , Dominici Francesca 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLockdown measures taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic produced sudden social and economic changes. We examined the extent of air pollution reduction that was attained under these extreme circumstances, whether these reductions occurred everywhere in the US, and the local factors that drove them. Employing counterfactual time series analysis based on seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average models, we found that these extreme lockdown measures led to a reduction in the weekly PM2.5 average by up to 3.4 µg m-3 and the weekly NO2 average by up to 11 ppb. These values represent a substantial fraction of the annual mean NAAQS values of 12 µg m-3 and 53 ppb, respectively. We found evidence of a statistically significant decline in NO2 concentrations following the state-level emergency declaration in almost all states. However, statistically significant declines in PM2.5 occurred mostly in the West Coast and the Northeast. Certain states experienced a decline in NO2 but an increase in PM2.5 concentrations, indicating that these two pollutants arise from dissimilar sources in these states. Finally, we found evidence that states with a higher percentage of mobile source emissions prior to the emergency measures experienced a greater decline in NO2 levels during the pandemic. Although the current social and economic restrictions are not sustainable, our results provide a benchmark to estimate the extent to which air pollution reductions can be achieved. We also identify factors that contributed to the magnitude of pollutant reductions, which can help guide future state-level policies to sustainably reduce air pollution.Significance statementWe quantified the reduction in air pollution levels achieved under the extreme social and economic measures that were put into place as part of COVID-19 state-level emergency declarations. We found a reduction in the weekly average PM2.5 of up to 3.4 µg m-3 and the weekly average of NO2 of up to 11 ppb. These values represent a substantial fraction of the annual mean NAAQS values of 12 µg m-3 and 53 ppb, respectively. States with a larger fraction of mobile source emissions (e.g., air and road traffic) prior to the pandemic experienced larger declines in NO2 emissions, whereas PM2.5 decline was seen in areas with a higher pre-pandemic proportion of emissions from mobile, stationary (e.g., industrial) and fire sources.
Response to comment on ‘Initiation of chromosome replication controls both division and replication cycles inE. colithrough a double-adder mechanism’
Authors: Witz Guillaume , Julou Thomas , van Nimwegen Erik 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLast year we published an article (Witz et al., 2019) in which we used time-lapse microscopy in combination with microfluidics to measure growth, division and replication in singleE. colicells on the one hand, and developed a new statistical analysis method to calculate the ability of different cell cycle models to capture the correlation structure observed in the data on the other hand. This led us to propose a new model of cell cycle control inE. coliwhich we called the double-adder model.Recently Le Treut et al. published a comment (Le Treut et al., 2020) on our article which made a number of highly critical claims, including allegations that our own data support a different model than the one we proposed, and that our model cannot reproduce the ‘adder phenotype’ observed in the data. We here show that all these allegations are false and based on basic analysis errors. Although our focus is on explaining the errors in the analysis of Le Treut et al, we have attempted to make the presentation of interest to a broader scientific audience by discussing the issues in the context of what our current understanding is of the bacterial cell cycle, and to what extent recent data either support or reject various proposed models.
Action planning and affective states within the auditory peripersonal space
Authors: Bahadori Mehrdad , Barumerli Roberto , Geronazzo Michele , Cesari Paola 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFast reaction to approaching stimuli is vital for survival as for sounds entering the individual auditory Peripersonal Space (PPS). Closer sounds have found to provoke higher motor cortex activation particularly for highly arousing sounds, showing the close relationship for perceptual components of the sounds and motor preparation. Here Normal Hearing (NH) individuals and Cochlear Implanted (CI) individuals have been compared in their ability to recognize evaluate and react to affective stimuli entering the PPS. Twenty (seven females) NH and ten (three females) CI participants were asked to react to Positive (P), Negative (Ne), Neutral, (Nu) affective sounds virtually ending at five different distances from their body by performing fast arms flexion. Pre-motor Reaction Times (pm-RTs) were detected via EMG from postural muscles to measure action anticipation at different sound stopping distances; furthermore, the same sounds were evaluated for their level of valence and arousal perceived. Both groups showed the ability to localize the sound distances but only NH individuals modulated their pm-RTs based on the sound distance. Interestingly when the sound was not carrying affective components, as for Nu sounds, both NH and CI individuals triggered the promptest pre-motor reaction time (shorter pm-RT) when compared to P and N sounds. Only NH individuals modulated sound distance with the level of sound arousal, while sound’s valence was similarly perceived by both NH and CI individuals. These results underline the role of emotional states in action preparation and describe the specific perceptual components necessary to properly react to approaching sounds within peripersonal space.
Assessing ambitious nature conservation strategies within a 2 degree warmer and food-secure world
Authors: Kok Marcel T.J. , Meijer Johan R. , van Zeist Willem-Jan , Hilbers Jelle P. , Immovilli Marco , Janse Jan H. , Stehfest Elke , Bakkenes Michel , Tabeau Andrzej , Schipper Aafke M. , Alkemade Rob 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGlobal biodiversity is projected to further decline under a wide range of future socio-economic development pathways, even in sustainability oriented scenarios. This raises the question how biodiversity can be put on a path to recovery, the core challenge for the CBD post-2020 global biodiversity framework. We designed two contrasting, ambitious global conservation strategies, ‘Half Earth’ (HE) and ‘Sharing the Planet’ (SP), and evaluated their ability to restore terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity and to provide ecosystem services while also mitigating climate change and ensuring food security. We applied the integrated assessment framework IMAGE with the GLOBIO biodiversity model, using the ‘Middle of the Road’ Shared Socio-economic Pathway (SSP2) with its projected human population growth as baseline.We found that both conservation strategies result in a reduction in the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services globally, but without additional measures to achieve effective climate mitigation they will be insufficient to restore biodiversity. The HE strategy performs better for terrestrial biodiversity protection (biodiversity intactness (MSA), Red List Index, geometric mean abundance) in currently still natural regions, reflecting global conservation priorities. The SP strategy yields more improvements for biodiversity in human-used areas, aquatic biodiversity and for regulating ecosystem services (pest control, pollination, erosion control), reflecting regional priorities. However, ‘conservation only’ scenarios show a considerable increase in food security risks (especially in Sub-Saharan Africa) compared to the baseline and limited reduction of global temperature increase. Only when conservation strategies are combined with climate change mitigation efforts and additional actions especially in the agricultural and energy system into a portfolio of ‘integrated sustainability measures’, both conservation strategies result in restoring biodiversity to current values or even some improvement, while keeping global warming below two degrees and keeping food security risks below baseline. Minimizing food wastes and reducing consumption of animal products will be crucial.
The effect of object type on building scene imagery – an MEG study
Authors: Monk Anna M. , Barnes Gareth R. , Maguire Eleanor A. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTPrevious studies have reported that some objects evoke a sense of local three-dimensional space (space-defining; SD), while others do not (space-ambiguous; SA), despite being imagined or viewed in isolation devoid of a background context. Moreover, people show a strong preference for SD objects when given a choice of objects with which to mentally construct scene imagery. When deconstructing scenes, people retain significantly more SD objects than SA objects. It therefore seems that SD objects might enjoy a privileged role in scene construction. In the current study, we leveraged the high temporal resolution of magnetoencephalography (MEG) to compare the neural responses to SD and SA objects while they were being used to build imagined scene representations, as this has not been examined before using neuroimaging. On each trial, participants gradually built a scene image from three successive auditorily-presented object descriptions and an imagined 3D space. We then examined the neural dynamics associated with the points during scene construction when either SD or SA objects were being imagined. We found that SD objects elicited theta changes relative to SA objects in two brain regions, the right ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and right superior temporal gyrus (STG). Furthermore, using dynamic causal modelling, we observed that the vmPFC drove STG activity. These findings may indicate that SD objects serve to activate schematic and conceptual knowledge in vmPFC and STG upon which scene representations are then built.
Statin-boosted cellular uptake of penetratin due to reduced membrane dipole potential
Authors: Batta Gyula , Kárpáti Levente , Henrique Gabriela Fulaneto , Tarapcsák Szabolcs , Kovács Tamás , Zákány Florina , Mándity István M. , Nagy Peter 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSince cell penetrating peptides are promising tools for delivery of cargo into cells, factors limiting or facilitating their cellular uptake are intensely studied. Using labeling with pH-insensitive and pH-sensitive dyes we report that escape of penetratin from acidic endo-lysosomal compartments is retarded compared to its cellular uptake. The membrane dipole potential, known to alter transmembrane transport of charged molecules, is shown to be negatively correlated with the concentration of penetratin in the cytoplasmic compartment. Treatment of cells with therapeutically relevant concentrations of atorvastatin, an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol synthesis, significantly increased the release of penetratin from acidic endocytic compartments in two different cell types. This effect of atorvastatin correlated with its ability to decrease the membrane dipole potential. These results highlight the importance of the dipole potential in regulating cellular uptake of cell penetrating peptides and suggest a clinically relevant way of boosting this process.
Impact of COVID-19 on the Psychological Well-Being and Turnover Intentions of Frontline Nurses in the Community: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Philippines
Authors: De los Santos Janet Alexis A. , Labrague Leodoro J. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTPurposeThis study aimed to assess fear of COVID-19 among nurses in a community setting.MethodsThis study employed a cross-sectional design using self-report questionnaires.FindingsResults revealed that nurses display moderate to high fear of COVID-19 and that the female gender is correlated to fear of the virus. Moreover, the nurses’ fear influences their psychological distress and organizational and professional turnover intentions.ConclusionFear of COVID-19 is universal among nurses. There is a need to assess the factors associated with the fear to better address the nurses’ psychological well-being and to avoid turnover intentions.
Benefits of local consolidative treatment in oligometastases of solid cancers: a stepwise-hierarchical pooled analysis and systematic review
Authors: Rim Chai Hong , Shin In-Soo , Park Sunmin , Lee Hye Yoon 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeAny available evidence regarding the application of local consolidative therapy (LCT) for oligometastases is from phase 2 and observational studies. This study aimed to evaluate the oncologic benefits of LCT in oligometastatic setting.MethodsThe MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane library were searched. We applied stepwise analyses that enabled the evaluation of data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), balanced studies (e.g. without significant differences regarding major prognosticators between arms), and all studies separately and in a hierarchical mannerResultsThirty-one studies including seven randomized trials were reviewed. Pooled analyses of the effect of LCT on overall survival (OS) revealed odds ratios (ORs) of 3.04 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.28–4.06, p<0.001), 2.56 (95% CI: 1.79–3.66, p<0.001), and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.02–1.95, p=0.041) for all studies, balanced studies, and RCTs, respectively. The corresponding ORs for progression-free survival were 2.82 (95% CI: 1.96– 4.06, p<0.001), 2.32 (95% CI: 1.60–3.38, p<0·001), and 1.39 (95% CI: 1.09–1.80, p=0.009), respectively. The benefit of LCT was higher in non-small cell lung cancer (OR: 3.14, p<0.001; pooled 2-year OS: 65.2% vs. 37.0%) and colorectal cancer (OR: 4.11, p=0.066; pooled two-year OS: 66.2% vs. 33.2%) than in prostate (OR: 1.87, p=0.006; pooled three-year OS: 95.6% vs. 92.6%) and small cell lung cancer (OR: 1.04, p=0.942; pooled one-year OS: 60.7% vs. 42.8%). Complications were generally mild.ConclusionLCT provides oncologic benefits in the oligometastatic setting, although such benefits were less evident in RCTs than in data from observational studies. The appropriate LCTs should be carefully selected, considering their feasibility and disease types.
Serology assessment of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 by rapid IgM/IgG antibody test
Authors: De Marinis Yang , Sunnerhagen Torgny , Bompada Pradeep , Bläckberg Anna , Yang Runtao , Svensson Joel , Ekström Ola , Eriksson Karl-Fredrik , Hansson Ola , Groop Leif , Gonçalves Isabel , Rasmussen Magnus 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created a global health- and economic crisis. Lifting confinement restriction and resuming to normality depends greatly on COVID-19 immunity screening. Detection of antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which causes COVID-19 by serological methods is important to diagnose a current or resolved infection. In this study, we applied a rapid COVID-19 IgM/IgG antibody test and performed serology assessment of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. In PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients (n=45), the total antibody detection rate is 92% in hospitalized patients and 79% in non-hospitalized patients. We also studied antibody response in relation to time after symptom onset and disease severity, and observed an increase in antibody reactivity and distinct distribution patterns of IgM and IgG following disease progression. The total IgM and IgG detection is 63% in patients with < 2 weeks from disease onset; 85% in non-hospitalized patients with > 2 weeks disease duration; and 91% in hospitalized patients with > 2 weeks disease duration. We also compared different blood sample types and suggest a potentially higher sensitivity by serum/plasma comparing with whole blood measurement. To study the specificity of the test, we used 69 sera/plasma samples collected between 2016-2018 prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, and obtained a test specificity of 97%. In summary, our study provides a comprehensive validation of the rapid COVID-19 IgM/IgG serology test, and mapped antibody detection patterns in association with disease progress and hospitalization. Our study supports that the rapid COVID-19 IgM/IgG test may be applied to assess the COVID-19 status both at the individual and at a population level.