bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERAN PERS PADA MASA ORDE BARU DI PONTIANAK TAHUN 1966-1974
Authors: Wildan Uti Mohammad , Hidayat Sahid 
Published: October 2020

<p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat peran pers pada masa Orde Baru di Pontianak tahun 1966-1974. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metod penelitian sejarah dengan langkah-langkah heuristik (Pengumpulan sumber), verifikasi (Kritik sumber), interpretasi dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pers sebagai bagian dari sistem komunikasi, menempati posisi strategis dalam masyarakat Pontianak. Pers berperan sebagai jembatan komunikasi timbal balik antara pemerintah dan masyarakat, serta masyarakat dengan masyarakat sendiri. Sejarah pertumbuhan pers di Pontianak telah menempatkan kekhususan posisi dan ciri-ciri khas yang melekat pada pers sebagai lembaga kemasyarakatan. Pers mempunyai peranan dalam pengawasan pembangunan nasional sebagai realisasi dari tanggung jawab sosial sebagai alat kontrol sosial. Pemerintahan Orde membutuhkan kestabilan umum dalam menjalankan roda kepemerintahan dan menjaga wibawa negara.Pada awal masa orde baru pers di Pontianak memiliki peranan membantu pemerintah dalam menertipkan gejolak serta peristiwa yang terjadi di Pontianak. Pers terlihat sebagai satu tindakan nyata dalam propaganda pemerintah. Propaganda-propaganda pembangunan- pembangunan yang dilakukan pemerintah mewarnai tajuk berita yang dimuat.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> pers, Orde Baru, Pontianak</p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>The aim of this research is to look the role of pers in the new order in Pontianak, from 1966-1974. The methods of this research is a historical research includes four stages; heuristic, verification, interpretation, and historioghraphy. The results of this research show if the pers is an essential part of the communication, have a strategic position in Pontianak society. The pers is a connected from government and society. The history of pers in Pontianak was putted in central position with a special characteristic as an institution of society. The pers have a role as social control. The new order needs the stability of nation to maintain the continuity of governement. Pers is one tools of government propaganda. The propagandas of development we can see in the news printed.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> press, Orde Baru, Pontianak</em>
Pengaruh Tax Avoidance Terhadap Struktur Modal dengan Variabel Mediasi Ukuran Perusahaan
Authors: Simbolon Ellen , Hutabarat Francis 
Published: October 2020

Adapun tujuan penelitian ini diadakan ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Tax Avoidance terhadap Struktur Modal dengan variabel mediasi Ukuran Perusahaan pada perusahaan subsektor makanan dan minuman pada Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2018-2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Adapun sampel diambil dari perusahaan subsector yang terdaftar di BEI pada tahun 2018-2019 sebayak 15 perusahaan. Analisis statistik data yang diambil yakni deskriptif statistik, koefisien determinasi, regresi analisis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Tax Avoidance dan Struktur Modal tidak berpengaruh signifikan, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Struktur Modal berpengaruh signifikan , dan Tax Avoidance pada Struktur Modal dan Ukuran Perusahaan sebagai variabel mediasi.
Comparison of meat yield and quality characteristics between indigenous chicken and commercial broiler
Authors: Farzana N , Habib M , Ali MH , Hashem MA , Ali MS 
Published: October 2020

Yield and quality of meats from commercial broiler and indigenous chickens weighing one kg each were studied during different periods of refrigeration. The chicken carcasses were stored at -20oC for 30 days and were analyzed on 0, 15 and 30 days. Carcass weight (%), shank weight (%), dressing (%), breast meat yield (%) were higher (P<0.05) in commercial broilers, but head (%), neck (%), thigh meat (%), drumstick meat (%) were higher (P<0.01) in indigenous chickens. Shank weight (%) decreased with storage time. Higher (P<0.01) percentage of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) were found in indigenous chicken breast meat, while ether extract (EE) and total ash content were higher (P<0.01) in commercial broiler breast meat. Cooking loss (%) was higher in commercial broiler breast meat. The pH and CP (%) decreased, while DM (%), EE (%), Ash (%), Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) value, free fatty acid (FFA) value, and Peroxide value (POV) increased with storage time in both types of chicken. Sensory evaluation showed more juiciness in commercial broiler meat.
Bangl. vet. 2017. Vol. 34, No. 2, 61-70
Supplementation of spirulina (Spirulina platensis) on yolk colour, egg quality and production performance of laying hens
Authors: Ahammed M , Sharmin S , Khatun A , Islam KMS 
Published: October 2020

A total of 96 Shaver 579 laying hens of 78 weeks of age were studied for the effects on egg production of dietary supplementation with spirulina (Spirulina platensis). The hens were divided into four dietary treatments with six replications of four birds in each group. Birds of three groups were supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% spirulina and one group was kept as control. Yolk colour significantly improved (P<0.01) as compared to control, without affecting any other production performances. It is suggested that dietary supplementation of spirulina at 0.2 to 0.3% levels in aged laying hens enhanced egg yolk colour.
Bangl. vet. 2017. Vol. 34, No. 2, 71-78
Explorando una conversión. La Nueva Gestión Pública en la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE), entre 1970 y 1980
Authors: Hadjiisky Magdaléna 
Published: October 2020

Aunque reciente, la internacionalización de la reforma del Estado es un acontecimiento históricamente trascendental, ya que desafía a los actores multilaterales a probar modelos que han sido legitimados en ámbitos externos a ellos o a formular nuevos, en un área como la administración pública, que se definía como una atribución del poder de los Estados-nación. Esta perspectiva de la reforma estatal, piedra angular de la llamada Nueva Gestión Pública, ha pasado a constituir el núcleo de los denominados principios de la buena gobernanza. A través del PUMA (Comité de Gestión Pública), la OCDE es considerada como un actor clave en la internacionalización de esta experticia sobre las reformas del Estado. Más concretamente, la mayoría de los autores destacan el papel desempeñado por esta agencia, creada en 1989, en la difusión de modelos inspirados en la Nueva Gestión Pública. Proponiendo que el secretariado de este departamento de la OCDE instó ideológicamente o adoptó una perspectiva estrictamente economicista de la administración pública. Dejando de lado los lugares comunes sobre la supuesta acción hegemónica de la OCDE, la presente investigación reconstruye la génesis y desarrollo de la participación de dicha organización en el campo de la administración pública. Sobre la base de fuentes de archivo de la institución y entrevistas a sus principales actores, el estudio muestra primero que, a diferencia de lo que podría esperarse, los fundadores del Comité de Gestión Pública no poseían una formación como economistas o dentro de las corrientes gerenciales. Su compromiso con la legitimación de la "cuestión administrativa" dentro de la OCDE se explica mejor por razones estratégicas y de organización. La investigación en segundo lugar amplía la perspectiva, indagando las interacciones entre este comité y los delegados de los Estados miembros de la organización, así como el fenómeno de "relevancia contextual" que adquirieron las reformas puestas en marcha al interior de algunos de los países miembros más influyentes.
Los médicos y las reformas sanitarias globales. Un análisis de la descentralización de los hospitales públicos de Mendoza (1990-2014)
Authors: Molina Cecilia 
Published: October 2020

El propósito de este escrito es reconstruir el proceso de descentralización de los hospitales públicos en Mendoza entre 1990 y 2014, atendiendo a las dimensiones político- gestionarias, financieras y asistenciales comprendidas en el proyecto. Se indaga de qué manera los médicos con inserciones clave en el gobierno de la salud en la provincia adoptaron y reformularon la autogestión, entendida como proyecto político para la transformación hospitalaria y no como una mera modernización sectorial. Se argumenta que el proyecto es afín a una visión compartida: los médicos con gravitación sectorial, enmarcan la descentralización como una respuesta “técnica” legítima para enfrentar los problemas del hospital público y adoptan selectivamente los aspectos del modelo que convalidan la autonomía de los centros. Se muestra cómo una serie de normas de la administración pública provincial y del sector salud en particular, abonaron el terreno para la descentralización de los hospitales provinciales en los primeros noventa en sintonía con las tendencias reformistas globales. También se rastrean los cambios y continuidades del proyecto bajo la orientación del trazado de proceso, un procedimiento cualitativo para el análisis de políticas que conjuga entrevistas con análisis de documentos.
Entre la intervención y la autonomía: los profesionales del derecho y el Estado pampeano a mediados del siglo XX
Authors: Bacha Hernán 
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo tiene el objetivo estudiar la colegiación de los profesionales del derecho en el marco de la formación del Estado provincial pampeano entre 1951 y mediados de los años sesenta. El Colegio de Escribanos fue creado en 1954, a pocos años de la provincialización del Territorio Nacional de La Pampa y una década después se fundaba el Colegio de Abogados y Procuradores de la provincia. Consideramos que ambas entidades nos permiten refexionar en torno a las características del campo jurídico, a la delimitación de las funciones y del mercado profesional, así como la intervención del nuevo Estado provincial en el proceso de colegiación. Para resolver los principales interrogantes recurrimos a las Actas de los Colegios de profesionales, así como a los Boletines Ofciales de Gobierno, expedientes y notas administrativas, Acuerdos del Superior Tribunal de Justicia, además de los debates parlamentarios y las leyes promulgadas durante el período de estudio.
“Dar el voto con total libertad y consciencia”: Prácticas de sociabilidad de maestras y maestros en el “Círculo del Magisterio”, Tucumán, 1882-1912
Authors: Vignoli Marcela 
Published: October 2020

Este artículo explora la trayectoria que siguieron algunas mujeres instruidas de la provincia de Tucumán en su paso por asociaciones de índole cultural y educativa creadas a fines del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX. Esta participación, que marcó por una parte el ocaso de una sociabilidad casi exclusivamente masculina, permitió progresivamente a algunas mujeres disfrutar de derechos plenos dentro de las asociaciones. En esta propuesta se privilegiará el estudio del comportamiento electoral durante el periodo 1905-1912 en el “Círculo del Magisterio”, asociación que nucleó a maestras y maestros de toda la provincia. A través del análisis de estas prácticas electorales, que constituían la principal diferencia con la participación femenina en asociaciones decimonónicas, nuestro propósito es determinar cuál fue el grado de representación real que tuvieron estas mujeres dentro de este ámbito de sociabilidad.
Estructura y cultura socio-económica de la comunidad campesina en el Perú
Authors: Palacios Alcides 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT. Objective. Was to evaluate the organizational structure in peasant communities in Perú and their contribution to national economic development. It worked with 6 communities. Methods: Descriptive, observational. as instruments were: interview, survey, document review and the application of economic factors. Results: The economic factors are low, with enough solvency to get into debt. Inability to strengthen the community. The agriculture production without markets, isolated sales. The present community model does not help to the new vision of community - business. Conclusions: To work as community is not profitable, So, they are unable to given back money to members; The training has direct impact on community development and management skills. The liberalization of the land is dangerous because the peasants can end landless and poorest. The members are not interested to maintain the sustainability of the community. The contribution and payment the tax the peasants are exempt, they are affected by indirect tax such as IVA. It`s imperative to produce crops with greater demands at national and foreign market and it should be profitable too in a new community structure.
Hydrogen passivation for reduction of SiO2/Si interface state density using hydrocarbon-molecular-ion-implanted silicon wafers
Authors: Okuyama Ryosuke , Kadono Takeshi , Onaka-Masada Ayumi , Suzuki Akihiro , Kobayashi Koji , Shigematsu Satoshi , Hirose Ryo , Koga Yoshihiro , Kurita Kazunari 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The reduction in the density of SiO2/Si interface state (D
it) in the isolation region and transfer transistor gate oxide is necessary to improve the performance of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors. In this study, we demonstrated that a hydrocarbon-molecular-ion-implanted epitaxial silicon wafer can reduce the D
it and Pb0 center density in SiO2/Si interface regions analyzed by quasi-static capacitance–voltage and electron spin resonance measurements, respectively. The D
it and Pb0 center density of wafers without hydrocarbon molecular ions increased after annealing at 700 °C. On the other hand, the D
it and Pb0 center density of wafers implanted with hydrocarbon molecular ions decreased after annealing at 700 °C. We also estimated the activation energy to be 1.67 eV for the hydrogen termination reactions with hydrogen molecules and Si dangling bonds at the SiO2/Si interface. The termination effects of the hydrocarbon-molecular-ion-implanted epitaxial silicon wafers can contribute to the high electrical performance of CMOS image sensors.
Postgraduate anesthesiology training and COVID-19
Authors: Khan Fazal Hameed , Fazal Maliha 
Published: October 2020

COVID 19 has caused a major disruption in social, economical and educational activities around the world . We are still not clear about the issues that the covid 19 has resulted in imparting post graduate training programs specially anesthesia .WE have seen some such disruptions in the past during SARS but this pandemic has taken the entire world by surprise . Training programs are still evaluating the impact of covid 19 .Some of the suggested changes in the methodology of our training and teaching involves obtaining active feed back of the anesthesia trainees , conducting on line classes for teaching preoperative assessments and clinical scenarios , clinical skills training by using high fidelity simulation and using assessment strategies which are somewhat different from the strategies that were used in the past . We also have to modify our criteria for graduating our trainees without affecting patient safety. It seems a difficult task but constant review of the situation, making changes as the situation evolves and reinforcement of training methodologies keeping the safety of trainee and the patient in mind will definitely help us in producing excellent future anesthesiologist.
Key words: Postgraduate training; Anesthesiology; COVID-19
Citation: Khan FH, Fazal M. Postgraduate anesthesiology training and COVID-19. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2020;24(5):
Received: 20 June 2020, Reviewed: 24, 28 June 2020, Accepted: 1 July 2020
Revised definition of pain by ‘International Association for the Study of Pain’: Concepts, challenges and compromises
Authors: Malik Nasser Ali 
Published: October 2020

A new definition of pain has been formalized and adopted by International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) in January 2020, which states that pain is “An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with or resembling that associated with actual or potential tissue damage”. It has been a result of a number of feedbacks from the pain physicians from around the world about their dissatisfaction about the previous definition.
In this editorial the author endeavors to give his perspective on the concept of this definition, along with compromises made while incorporating this definition and challenges for future in the revising and updating it. But we must also acknowledge that this definition is a step in the right direction for considering pain as a disease, a standalone health condition, and not only a symptom.

Key words: Pain, concepts; Challenges; Pain, definition; IASP; Terminology

Citation: Malik NA Revised definition of pain by ‘International Association for the Study of Pain’: Concepts, challenges and compromises. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2020;24(5):
Received: 20 June 2020, Reviewed: 24, 28 June 2020, Accepted: 1 July 2020
Evaluation of variation of D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients to predict the disease outcome in a hospital based study
Authors: Khan Shahtaj , Khan Hamzullah , Khan Saba , Akhtar Mansoor 
Published: October 2020

Objectives: To determine the variation of d-dimers in COVID-19.
To determine the contribution of demographic factors (age and gender) toward an elevated d-dimers values. To determine the probability of surviving in different age groups in COVID-19, with d-dimer > 0.5 µg/ml.
Methodology: A total of 193 patients were enrolled from COVID-19 isolation units, Hayatabad medical complex Peshawar, whose d-dimer levels were performed as per instructions of the treating physician and were followed. Relevant information’s were recorded on a pre-designed performa prepared in accordance with the objectives of the study.
Results: Out of total 193 patients 152(78.8%) were males and 41(21.2%) females. 94(48.7%) patients were in the age range 35-55 y while 76(39.4%) patients had age more than 55 y. Regarding d-dimer readings, 162(83.9%) had d-dimer levels more than 0.5 µg/ml. The mean with standard deviation of age of the patients was 52 ± 13 y. The mean with standard deviation of d-dimer values of the patients was 4.9 ± 13.3 µg/ml. It was observed that, the relative risk of deranged values of d-dimers was 1.18 (rr = 1.18) in patients with age > 55 y. Similarly in female gender the relative risk of higher values of d-dimers above normal was 1.26 (rr = 1.26) without reaching a statistically significant p-value (p = 0.48). The probability of worse outcome in term of death was 2.06 times more in patients with d dimers > 0.5 µg/ml (OR = 2.06). Furthermore the probability of surviving was 90-100% by age < 50 y, 80% in age range 51-60 y, 45% in age range 61-70 y and 30% at age > 80 y.
Conclusion: The deranged d-dimer levels were noted in 84% of the COVID-19 patients. Age > 55 y and female gender are at higher risk of deranged d-dimers and further consequences. Survival rate of patients with deranged d-dimers drops to 30% in patients with age > 80 y, 45% at age < 70 y.
Key word: COVID-19, D-dimers, survival rate, prognostic values
Anaesth. pain intensive care 2020;24(5):
Received: 20 June 2020, Reviewed: 24, 28 June 2020, Accepted: 1 July 2020
Tolerance development in children undergoing repeated exposure to anesthesia drugs for radiation therapy
Authors: Iqbal Almas , Saleem Huma , Durrani Romana Shaida 
Published: October 2020

Background & Objectives: Radiation therapy is one of the modalities used in cancer treatment to destroy rapidly growing tumor mass. The fractionated radiation session targets up to four fields of 90 sec each, over 10-15 min. Young children require deep sedation or general anesthesia to make them immobile, for the safe delivery of radiation fractions. Common drugs used for sedation are propofol, ketamine and midazolam. Repeated exposure to anesthetic drugs over a short period of time may lead to development of tolerance and increased dose requirements.
We aimed to determine if drug tolerance phenomenon develops in children receiving frequent doses of anesthetic drugs over a short time period.
Methodology: This is a retrospective observational study of the pediatric population who underwent frequent radiotherapy sessions with deep sedation from January to May 2019. The data of the first and last day of drugs administered was analyzed to determine if the dose requirement for any of the three drugs increased over time.
Results: We collected data of twenty-one patients and applied two tailed student’s t-test on the mean dose of drugs on the first day and the last day of the treatment. It remained unchanged with insignificant p value (propofol p = 0.15; midazolam p = 0.5; ketamine p = 0.32). To minimize the drug augmenting each other’s effect, multilinear regression analysis of the drugs over the time period showed that there was neither an increase nor a decrease in the doses used (αi- propofol coefficient 0.019 ± 0.053; βi- midazolam coefficient -0.002 ± 0.007; γi- ketamine coefficient 0.049 ± 0.218)). The overall duration of the recovery time was not different from the first to the last day of radiotherapy.
Conclusion: Frequent and repeated doses of sedative drugs over a short period of time in children undergoing repeated deep sedation for radiation therapy, do not result in the development of tolerance.
Key words: Sedation; Tolerance; Radiotherapy
Citation: Iqbal A, Saleem H, Durrani RS. Tolerance development in children undergoing repeated exposure to anesthesia drugs for radiation therapy. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2020;24(5):
Received: 7 July 2020, Reviewed: 26 August 2020, Accepted: 3 September 2020
A pilot study of reliability and validity of Turkish version of West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory in patients with low back pain
Authors: GULCELIK Gonul ERTUNC , MALKOC Melih , OZER Aysel YILDIZ 
Published: October 2020

Background: West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory (WHYMPI), used in the evaluation of patients with chronic pain including behavioral and cognitive assessment, is a multidimensional pain scale consisting of three main sections and 12 subscales. The validity of this inventory has been supported by various study results of confirmatory and exploratory factor analytic procedures. The aim of our present study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish form of the West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory (WHYMPI-T).
Methodology: 41 patients, with a minimum 3 mon history for chronic non-specific low back pain, without previous surgical history, neurological and rheumatic diseases, and without communication problem; completed Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Short Form-36 (SF-36) scales. The measurements were repeated in fifth days.
Results: Significant difference between WHYMPI-T lower and upper group averages was found. Internal consistency analysis of the scale, Cronbach's α coefficient ranged from 0.93 to 0.99 for B and C sections. All the items of A, B and C sections were found compatible with each other in the item analyses and scale test-retest results were congruent with each other. Between WHYMPI-T subscales and BPI, MPQ, BDI, SF-36 scales, a positive correlation was observed.
Conclusion: The results of our study confirm that WHYMPI-T is a valid and reliable instrument which can be used for the evaluation of chronic non-specific low back pain.
Key words: West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory; WHYMPI; WHYMPI-T; Low back pain; Validity; Reliability
Citation: Gulcelik GE, Malkoc M, Aysel Yildiz Ozer AY. A pilot study of reliability and validity of Turkish version of West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory in patients with low back pain. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2020;24(5):
Received: 13 September 2020, Reviewed: 17 September 2020, Accepted: 23 September 2020