bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stretchable Low‐Impedance Nanocomposite Comprised of Ag–Au Core–Shell Nanowires and Pt Black for Epicardial Recording and Stimulation
Authors: Sunwoo Sung‐Hyuk , Han Sang Ihn , Kang Hyejeong , Cho Ye Seul , Jung Dongjun , Lim Chanhyuk , Lim Chaehong , Cha Myung‐jin , Lee Seung‐Pyo , Hyeon Taeghwan , Kim Dae‐Hyeong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) presents effective means to modulate cardiac conduction and related functions in heart failure patients. However, the conventional CRT delivers electric current at only two points on the heart, therefore, it is unable to provide comprehensive electrical support to the heart. Additionally, the CRT‐device structure faces several issues, such as those associated with the endocardial screw tip, which may cause myocardial degeneration, and the metal lead wire, which may lead to intravascular thrombosis and lead infection. Moreover, the conventional CRT has limitations in mechanically improving the cardiac contractility, which often cannot prevent further ventricular dilation. Here, a fabrication of an elastoconductive epicardial mesh using a stretchable low‐impedance nanocomposite comprising Ag–Au core–shell nanowires and platinum black (Pt black) in elastomer to provide a potential solution to the above‐mentioned clinical issues is reported. The proposed nanocomposite structure exhibits high stretchability, conductivity, and biocompatibility in combination with low impedance. These features facilitate the realization of high signal‐to‐noise ratios in electrocardiogram recordings, and high‐quality electrical stimulations. The proposed epicardial mesh is implanted on the surface of an animal heart with minimum traumatic stress, and is consequently able to conduct high‐quality cardiac recording and electrical stimulation in rodents.
Ultrasensitive ZnO Nanowire Photodetectors with a Polymer Electret Interlayer for Minimizing Dark Current
Authors: Chen Tong , Gao Xu , Zhang Jing‐Yue , Xu Jian‐Long , Wang Sui‐Dong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractZinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires have attracted extensive interests in ultraviolet photodetection fields owing to their outstanding optoelectronic properties. The detectivity of ZnO nanowire photodetectors is often limited by large dark current due to a number of defect‐induced carriers. Herein, a thin layer of poly(2‐vinyl naphthalene) (PVN) is introduced between the ZnO nanowire and gate dielectric to deplete defect‐induced carriers with the help of the electrostatic field generated by trapped electrons in the PVN layer. The dark current is successfully reduced from 2.2 × 10−9 to 1.6 × 10−14 A. Particularly, ZnO nanowire photodetectors with a large Ilight/Idark ratio (>107), high photoresponsivity (>106 A W−1), and ultrahigh detectivity (>1018 Jones) are achieved, which are among the best performance in reported ZnO‐based photodetectors. The present simple scheme offers a new strategy to suppress dark current in semiconducting nanomaterials for ultrasensitive photodetection applications.
A Novel Nucleation Inducer for Ultrathin Au Anodes in High Efficiency and Flexible Organic Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Wang Haoran , Wang Zhenyu , Xu Xiangchen , Zhao Wenzhuo , Wu Dan , Muhammad Mujahid , Liu Yunfei , Chen Chen , Liu Bin , Duan Yu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMethyl‐terminated alucone films are prepared as a nucleation inducer by molecular layer deposition (MLD), increasing the surface free energy (SFE) to help the nucleation of Au electrodes. By controlling the surface groups of MLD alucone, the SFE of the films reach 93.8 dyne cm−1, which is significantly larger than the 75.94 dyne cm−1 of commonly used wetting layer ZnS. As a result, Au films deposited on this novel nucleation inducer show a layered growth at a thickness of 5 nm, and thus exhibit high photoelectric performance and a bending life of more than 1500 times. When this high‐performance electrode is applied in organic optoelectronic devices, current efficiency enhancement of 24.4% and 12.7% are achieved in organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs) and flexible perovskite light‐emitting devices (PLEDs), respectively. Also, the flexible PLED maintains 96.4% of the initial luminance after 1000 bends.
A family affair—Severe fetal and neonatal hemolytic anemia due to novel alpha‐spectrin mutations in two siblings
Authors: Donepudi Roopali , Westerfield Lauren , Stonecipher Ashley , A. Nassr Ahmed , Cortes Magdalena S. , Espinoza Jimmy , Belfort Michael , Shamshirsaz Alireza 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHereditary spherocytosis (HS) is the most common cause of inherited, nonimmune hemolytic anemia. When inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, the anemia is typically mild. However, severe, transfusion‐dependent anemia is seen in autosomal recessive HS, which is often associated with deficient or absent red blood cell membrane protein alpha‐spectrin. We report a 26‐year‐old para one who was referred to our center at 28 weeks' gestation due to concerns for fetal anemia. Evaluation revealed elevated peak systolic velocity in the middle cerebral artery by Doppler scan and fetal cardiomegaly. Fetal hematocrit obtained by sampling the umbilical vein was 9% confirming severe fetal anemia. Fetal peripheral smear was consistent with hereditary spherocytosis. Genetic analysis of both parents confirmed heterozygosity for the SPTA1 variants (pathogenic variant c.4180del (p.C1394Afs*25), and a variant of uncertain significance, c.1677G>T (p.G449G)) detected by a hemolytic anemia panel in the patient's first child. It is important to consider genetic causes of anemia in patients presenting with severe nonimmune fetal anemia, including autosomal recessive HS. We present a case of autosomal recessive HS with a novel pathogenic variant in the SPTA1 gene which resulted in significant impact on prenatal management.
Synergistically Enhancing Thermoelectric Performance of n‐Type PbTe with Indium Doping and Sulfur Alloying
Authors: Wang Dongyang , Qin Yongxin , Wang Sining , Qiu Yuting , Ren Dudi , Xiao Yu , Zhao Li‐Dong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTo achieve high‐performance n‐type PbTe‐based thermoelectric materials, this work provides a synergetic strategy to improve electrical transport property with indium (In) element doping and reduces thermal conductivity with sulfur (S) element alloying. In n‐type PbTe, In doping can tune the carrier density in the whole working temperature range, causing the carrier density to increase from 2.18 × 1019 cm−3 at 300 K to 4.84 × 1019 cm−3 at 823 K in Pb0.98In0.005Sb0.015Te. The optimized carrier density can further modulate electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient, finally contributing to a substantial increase of power factor, and a maximum power factor increase from 19.7 µW cm−1 K−2 in Pb0.985Sb0.015Te to 28.2 µW cm−1 K−2 in Pb0.9775In0.0075Sb0.015Te. Based on the optimally In‐doped PbTe, S alloying is introduced to suppress phonon propagation by forming a complete solid solution, which could effectively reduce lattice thermal conductivity and simultaneously benefit carrier mobility to maintain high power factor. With S alloying, the minimum lattice thermal conductivity decreases from 0.76 Wm−1 K−1 in Pb0.985Sb0.015Te to 0.42 Wm−1 K−1 in Pb0.98In0.005Sb0.015Te0.88S0.12. Combining the advantages of both In doping and S alloying, the peak ZT value and averaged ZT (ZTave) (300–873 K) are boosted from 1.0 and 0.60 in Pb0.985Sb0.015Te to 1.4 and 0.87 in Pb0.98In0.005Sb0.015Te0.94S0.06.
NHC‐Stabilized Iridium Nanoparticles as Catalysts in Hydrogen Isotope Exchange Reactions of Anilines
Authors: Valero Mégane , Bouzouita Donia , Palazzolo Alberto , Atzrodt Jens , Dugave Christophe , Tricard Simon , Feuillastre Sophie , Pieters Grégory , Chaudret Bruno , Derdau Volker 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe preparation of N‐heterocyclic carbene‐stabilized iridium nanoparticles and their application in hydrogen isotope exchange reactions is reported. These air‐stable and easy‐to‐handle iridium nanoparticles showed a unique catalytic activity, allowing selective and efficient hydrogen isotope incorporation on anilines using D2 or T2 as isotopic source. The usefulness of this transformation has been demonstrated by the deuterium and tritium labeling of diverse complex pharmaceuticals.
Artifizielle Lichtsammelkomplexe ermöglichen Rieske‐Oxygenase‐ katalysierte Hydroxylierungen in nicht‐photosynthetischen Zellen
Authors: Feyza Özgen F. , Runda Michael E. , Burek Bastien O. , Wied Peter , Bloh Jonathan Z. , Kourist Robert , Schmidt Sandy 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn dieser Studie wurde ein auf E. coli basierendes Ganzzellsystem über Lichtsammelkomplexe an Rieske‐Oxygenasen(RO)‐katalysierte Hydroxylierungen in vivo angekoppelt. Obwohl diese Enzyme vielversprechende Biokatalysatoren darstellen, wird ihre praktische Anwendbarkeit durch ihre Abhängigkeit von NAD(P)H sowie ihre Mehrkomponentennatur und intrinsische Instabilität in zellfreien Systemen beeinträchtigt. Um die Grenzen von E. coli als Chassis für künstliche Photosynthese zu erforschen, sowie aufgrund der berichteten Instabilität von ROs, haben wir diese herausfordernden Enzyme als Modellsystem verwendet. Der Licht‐getriebene Ansatz beruht auf Lichtsammelkomplexen wie beispielsweise Eosin Y, 5(6)‐Carboxyeosin oder Rose Bengal und Elektronendonoren (EDTA, MOPS oder MES), die von den Zellen leicht aufgenommen werden können. Die erzielten Produktbildungen von bis zu 1.3 g L−1 und Raten von bis zu 1.6 mm h−1 zeigen, dass dies ein vergleichbarer Ansatz zu typischen Ganzzelltransformationen in E. coli ist. Die Anwendbarkeit dieser photokatalytischen Synthese wurde demonstriert und ist das erste Beispiel eines photoinduzierten RO‐Systems.
Fluorophore‐Promoted RNA Folding and Photostability Enables Imaging of Single Broccoli‐Tagged mRNAs in Live Mammalian Cells
Authors: Li Xing , Kim Hyaeyeong , Litke Jacob L. , Wu Jiahui , Jaffrey Samie R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSpinach and Broccoli are fluorogenic RNA aptamers that bind DFHBI, a mimic of the chromophore in green fluorescent protein, and activate its fluorescence. Spinach/Broccoli‐DFHBI complexes exhibit high fluorescence in vitro, but they exhibit lower fluorescence in mammalian cells. Here, computational screening was used to identify BI, a DFHBI derivative that binds Broccoli with higher affinity and leads to markedly higher fluorescence in cells compared to previous ligands. BI prevents thermal unfolding of Broccoli at 37 °C, leading to more folded Broccoli and thus more fluorescent Broccoli‐BI complexes in cells. Broccoli‐BI complexes are more photostable owing to impaired photoisomerization and rapid unbinding of photoisomerized cis‐BI. These properties enable single mRNA containing 24 Broccoli aptamers to be imaged in live mammalian cells treated with BI. Small molecule ligands can thus promote RNA folding in cells, and thus allow single mRNA imaging with fluorogenic aptamers.
Mesoporous cadmium sulfide nanoparticles derived from a new cadmium anthranilato complex: Characterization and induction of morphological abnormalities in pathogenic fungi
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed B.M. , Zidan Amna S.A. , Aly Aref A.M. , Mosbah Hanan K. , Mahmoud Ghada Abd‐Elmonsef 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA cadmium complex of the general formula Cd(C13H9O2NCl)2(H2O)2 {C13H9O2NCl = 2‐(4‐chlorophenylamino)benzoate} was synthesized and characterized regarding its CHN data, solution molar conductivity and spectroscopic (UV–Vis. and IR) properties. Cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS NPs) were grown form the microcrystalline complex and thiourea via a hydrothermal route. The as‐prepared NPs were assigned based on X‐ray powder diffraction (PXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) and Brunauer – Emmett – Teller (BET) surface area measurements. The CdS absorption and emission spectra were also recorded that revealed an energy gap of 2.47 eV and large Stokes shift of 130 nm. For the as‐prepared NPs, the measurements have also indicated a mesoporous structure and an average particle size of 20–28 nm associated with an average pore diameter of 11.21 nm. The as‐synthesized CdS NPs acted as antifungal controlling agent against human and plant pathogenic fungi of serious environmental and health concerns. The NPs at concentration of 200 ppm inhibited several fungi with inhibition efficiency of 100% against Aspergillus ustus Au‐28. The nanoparticles induced morphological abnormalities in fungal mycelia, conidia and vesicle. Additionally, they inhibited the conidia septum formation, accelerated the chlamydospores generation and enlarged the yeast cells.
Current advances in organic acid production from organic wastes by using microbial co‐cultivation systems
Authors: Lu Jiasheng , Lv Yang , Qian Xiujuan , Jiang Yujia , Wu Min , Zhang Wenming , Zhou Jie , Dong Weiliang , Xin Fengxue , Jiang Min 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe microbial production of organic acids has become a rapidly developing field due to their increasing global market. Recently, research has transitioned towards employing synthetic microbial consortia for organic acid production. Compared with pure cultures, microbial co‐cultures can perform more complex functions and endure more changeable environments. Accordingly, microbial co‐cultivation technologies for organic acid production have been adopted to fulfill the requirements for the utilization of a wider range of substrates for a higher product yield. Here, we have summarized current advances towards organic acid production from different substrates by using microbial co‐cultivation technologies. Furthermore, the construction mechanism of the microbial co‐cultivation systems was also analyzed and compared. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
VITAL phase 2 study: Upfront 5‐fluorouracil, mitomycin‐C, panitumumab and radiotherapy treatment in nonmetastatic squamous cell carcinomas of the anal canal (GEMCAD 09‐02)
Authors: Feliu Jaime , Garcia‐Carbonero Rocio , Capdevila Jaume , Guasch Inmaculada , Alonso‐Orduna Vicente , Lopez Carlos , Garcia‐Alfonso Pilar , Castanon Carmen , Sevilla Isabel , Cerezo Laura , Conill Carles , Quintana‐Angel Begona , Sanchez Maria E. , Ghanem Ismael , Martin‐Richard Marta , Lopez‐Gomez Miriam , Leon Ana , Caro Monica , Fernandez Teresa , Maurel Joan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimVITAL, a phase II single‐arm study, aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of panitumumab addition to 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), mitomycin‐C (MMC) and radiotherapy (RT) in patients with localized squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCAC).MethodsAdult, treatment‐naïve SCCAC patients (Stage T2‐T4, any N, M0) and ECOG‐PS ≤2, received panitumumab (6 mg/kg, day 1 and Q2W; 8 weeks), 5‐FU (1000 mg/m2/d, days 1‐4 and 29‐32), MMC (10 mg/m2, days 1 and 29) and RT 45 Gy (1.8 Gy/fraction) to the primary tumor and mesorectal, iliac and inguinal lymph nodes, plus 10‐15 Gy boost dose to the primary tumor and affected lymph nodes. The primary objective was disease free survival rate (DFS) at 3‐years (expected 3‐year DFS rate: 73.7 ± 12%).ResultsFifty‐eight patients (31 women; median age: 59 years; ECOG‐PS 0‐1:98%; TNM II [29%] (T2 or T3/N0/M0)/IIIA (T1‐T3/N1/M0 or T4/N0/M0) [21%]/IIIB (T4/N1/M0 or any T/N2 or N3/M0) [47%]/nonevaluable [4%]) were included. The median follow‐up was 45 months. The 3‐year DFS rate was 61.1% (95% CI: 47.1, 72.4). The 3‐year overall survival rate was 78.4% (95% CI: 65.1, 87.1). Eighteen patients (31.0%) required a colostomy within 2 years posttreatment. Grade 3‐4 toxicities were experienced by 53 (91%) patients. Most common grade 3‐4 treatment‐related events were radiation skin injury (40%) and neutropenia (24%). No toxic deaths occurred. Improved efficacy in colostomy‐free survival and complete response rate was observed in human papilloma virus positive patients.ConclusionsPanitumumab addition to MMC‐5FU regimen in SCCAC patients increases toxicity and does not improve patients’ outcomes. RT plus MMC‐5FU remains the standard of care for localized SCCAC patients.
Postoperative standard chemoradiotherapy benefits primary glioblastoma patients of all ages
Authors: Li Guanzhang , Zhai You , Wang Zheng , Wang Zhiliang , Huang Ruoyu , Jiang Haoyu , Li Renpeng , Feng Yuemei , Chang Yuanhao , Jiang Tao , Zhang Wei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundGlioblastoma is the most malignant tumor of the central nervous system. Several prediction models have been produced to aid in prognosis assessment. Age, a primary decision factor for prognosis, is associated with increased genomic alterations, however the exact link between increased age and poor prognosis is unknown.ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to reveal the underlying cause of poor prognosis in elderly patients.MethodsThis study included data on 616 primary GBM tumor samples from the CGGA and TCGA databases and 41 nontumor brain tissue samples obtained from GSE53890. Hallmarks and clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated in both tumor and nontumor brain tissues. The association between choice of treatment regimen and age was measured using ANOVA and Student's t test.ResultsAge was a robust predictor of poor prognosis in glioma. No age‐related hallmarks of cancer were detected, including pathological characteristics or mutations. However, treatment choice was strongly significantly different between old and young patients. Combined chemo‐radiation therapy could benefit old and young GBM patients, however, old patients are currently less likely to choose it.ConclusionThe vast divergence in prognosis between young and old GBM patients is largely caused by choice of treatment rather than age‐related tumor genomic characteristics. Postoperative standard radio‐ and chemotherapy provide strong benefits to primary glioblastoma patients of all ages.
Loss of skeletal muscle index and survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: Secondary analysis of the phase 3 CAIRO3 trial
Authors: Kurk Sophie A. , Peeters Petra H. M. , Dorresteijn Bram , de Jong Pim A. , Jourdan Marion , Creemers Geert‐Jan M. , Erdkamp Frans L. G. , de Jongh Felix E. , Kint Peter A. M. , Poppema Boelo J. , Radema Sandra A. , Simkens Lieke H. J. , Tanis Bea C. , Tjin‐A‐Ton Manuel L. R. , Van Der Velden Ankie , Punt Cornelis J. A. , Koopman Miriam , May Anne M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundLow skeletal muscle index (SMI) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients is associated with poor outcomes. The prognostic impact of SMI changes during consecutive palliative systemic treatments is unknown.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of the phase 3 CAIRO3 study. The CAIRO3 study randomized 557 patients between maintenance capecitabine + bevacizumab (CAP‐B) or observation, after six cycles capecitabine + oxaliplatin + bevacizumab (CAPOX‐B). Upon first disease progression (PD1), CAPOX‐B was reintroduced until second progression (PD2). SMI was assessed by computed tomography (CT) (total 1355 scans). SMI and body mass index (BMI) changes were analyzed for three time‐periods; p1: during initial CAPOX‐B, p2: randomization to PD1, and p3: PD1 to PD2. The association between absolute and change in SMI and BMI (both per 1 standard deviation) during p1‐p3, with PD1, PD2, and survival was studied by Cox regression models.ResultsThis analysis included 450 of the 557 patients randomized in the CAIRO3 study. Mean SMI decreased during p1: mean −0.6 SMI units [95% CI −1.07;‐0.26] and p3: −2.2 units [−2.7;‐1.8], whereas during p2, SMI increased + 1.2 units [0.8‐1.6]. BMI changes did not reflect changes in SMI. SMI loss during p2 and p3 was significantly associated with shorter survival (HR 1.19 [1.09‐1.35]; 1.54 [1.31‐1.79], respectively). Sarcopenia at PD1 was significantly associated with early PD2 (HR 1.40 [1.10‐1.70]). BMI loss independent of SMI loss was only associated with shorter overall survival during p3 (HR 1.35 [1.14‐1.63]).ConclusionsIn mCRC patients, SMI loss during palliative systemic treatment was related with early disease progression and reduced survival. BMI did not reflect changes in SMI and could not identify patients at risk of poor outcome during early treatment lines.
Proton‐Detected Solid‐State NMR of the Cell‐Free Synthesized α‐Helical Transmembrane Protein NS4B from Hepatitis C Virus
Authors: Jirasko Vlastimil , Lakomek Nils‐Alexander , Penzel Susanne , Fogeron Marie‐Laure , Bartenschlager Ralf , Meier Beat H. , Böckmann Anja 
Published: December 2019

AbstractProton‐detected 100 kHz magic‐angle‐spinning (MAS) solid‐state NMR is an emerging analysis method for proteins with only hundreds of microgram quantities, and thus allows structural investigation of eukaryotic membrane proteins. This is the case for the cell‐free synthesized hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural membrane protein 4B (NS4B). We demonstrate NS4B sample optimization using fast reconstitution schemes that enable lipid‐environment screening directly by NMR. 2D spectra and relaxation properties guide the choice of the best sample preparation to record 2D 1H‐detected 1H,15N and 3D 1H,13C,15N correlation experiments with linewidths and sensitivity suitable to initiate sequential assignments. Amino‐acid‐selectively labeled NS4B can be readily obtained using cell‐free synthesis, opening the door to combinatorial labeling approaches which should enable structural studies.
Nanomesh‐Structured Graphitic Carbon Nitride Polymer for Effective Capture and Photocatalytic Elimination of Bacteria
Authors: Li Huifan , Ding Mengna , Luo Liulin , Yang Guoxiang , Shi Fengyan , Huo Yuning 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIt is valuable to design a photocatalyst semiconductor architecture that enables the effective contact with bacteria, since only random and momentary contact exists in most of the present photocatalytic antibacterial systems. Herein, nanomesh‐structured graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) a visible‐light photocatalyst was successfully prepared using SiO2 microspheres as template. The optimal pore size in the g‐C3N4 nanomesh was determined at the average diameter of about 500 nm of SiO2 microspheres, which matches the size of E.coli K‐12. Excluding the effect of electrostatic contact, the efficient contact between catalyst and bacteria was achieved, leading to increased capture and reaction time for killing bacteria. The porous structure promoted the light absorption and realized more active edge. As a result, the photocatalytic antibacterial activity and the leakage of K+ ions was greatly enhanced via .OH radical as the main active species. This work provided a new approach to photocatalytic sterilization for practical applications.
Theoretical Study of Rhodium‐Catalyzed C−C Activation of Cyclobutanones: Origin of Ligand‐Controlled Product Selectivity
Authors: Zhang Tian , Wu Xiajun , Li Juan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCyclobutanone C−C activation with a Rh(I) catalyst has great potential for the synthesis of fused‐ and bridged‐ring systems. However, this synthetic application is greatly limited because of the direct CO extrusion from cyclobutanone, which leads to formation of cyclopropane as a byproduct. The calculations rationalize the experimental puzzles: why PMe2Ph and XPhos ligands can prevent cyclopropane formation for C2‐ and C3‐substituted cyclobutanone, respectively. More importantly, we enriched ligand computationally to exemplify how to develop new ligands. The small monodentate or bidentate phosphine ligand can favor [4+2] cycloaddition over cyclopropanation in the C2‐substituted cyclobutanone system. For the C3‐substituted cyclobutanone system, [4+2–1] cycloaddition is favored and cyclopropanation can be avoided when the large monodentate phosphine ligand is present. The different ligand requirements for C2‐ and C3‐substituted cyclobutanones are attributed to different mechanisms.