bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Cinnarizine Microballoons by Sequential Optimization and In Vivo Imaging by Gamma Scintigraphy
Authors: Ghosh Bijaya , Chatterjee Arka , Kirtania Moumita Das , Chattopadhyay Sankha 
Published: November 2019

Background:
The drug cinnarizine is used in the treatment of vertigo and migraine. The
main drawback is its very low water solubility which causes unpredictable bioavailability. Solubility
is better in acidic pH. Therefore, gastro-retentive formulation would be beneficial to improve the
bioavailability of the drug.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to prepare floating microballoons of cinnarizine which
would float in the gastric fluid and release the drug in a sustained manner.

Methods:
Microballoons were prepared by diffusion solvent evaporation technique using polymers
(Eudragit® S100, Eudragit® RLPO, Eudragit RL®100), characterised by FTIR, XRD, DSC and optimized
by sequential simplex design. For optimization, formulations were graded with respect to
formulation efficiency (percentages of yield, sphericity and drug content) and performance index
(buoyancy and dissolution efficiency), from which the overall response of the formulations was
determined. Finally, the optimized formulation was radiolabelled with 99mTc-MIBI and fed to Wistar
albino rats and was evaluated for gastric retention by gamma scintigraphic study.

Results:
FTIR studies indicated drug and polymers were compatible. DSC and XRD analysis confirmed
that the drug was in amorphous state in the formulation. SEM studies confirmed the sphericity
of the microballoons. Formulation N7 showed the best overall response (65.61) which was the
nearest to the target. Gamma scintigraphic study confirmed that the formulation was retained in the
stomach for more than 5 h.

Conclusion:
The results indicated that floating microballoons of cinnarizine would stay in the
stomach for prolonged period and thereby improve the bioavailability of the drug.
Genetic Algorithm-based Feature Selection Approach for Enhancing the Effectiveness of Similarity Searching in Ligand-based Virtual Screening
Authors: Berrhail Fouaz , Belhadef Hacene 
Published: November 2019

Background:
In the last years, similarity searching has gained wide popularity as a
method for performing Ligand-Based Virtual Screening (LBVS). This screening technique
functions by making a comparison of the target compound’s features with that of each compound
in the database of compounds. It is well known that none of the individual similarity measures
could provide the best performances each time pertaining to an active compound structure,
representing all types of activity classes. In the literature, we find several techniques and strategies
that have been proposed to improve the overall effectiveness of ligand-based virtual screening
approaches.

Objective:
In this work, our main objective is to propose a features selection approach based on
genetic algorithm (FSGASS) to improve similarity searching pertaining to ligand-based virtual
screening.

Methods:
Our contribution allows us to identify the most important and relevant characteristics of
chemical compounds and to minimize their number in their representations. This will allow the
reduction of features space, the elimination of redundancy, the reduction of training execution
time, and the increase of the performance of the screening process.

Results:
The obtained results demonstrate superiority in the performance compared with these
obtained with Tanimoto coefficient, which is considered as the most widely coefficient to quantify
the similarity in the domain of LBVS.

Conclusion:
Our results show that significant improvements can be obtained by using molecular
similarity research methods at the basis of features selection.
Priority Heuristic in MDRTDBS
Authors: Singh Prakash Kumar , Shanker Udai 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Mobile distributed real time database is an emerging field of research.
Transaction execute in these system should commit before elapsing the deadline. Assigning priority
to arrived and executing transaction is the main function of transaction scheduler. Perform correct
order of execution enhance the system performance in time constraint environment. In recent
years a number of heuristic policies in DRTDBS are developed to enhance the quality estimation
of scheduler. However due to various wireless limitations a very little work is investigated in the
MDRTDBS. In this paper we have develop two heuristic policies and perform simulation using
pessimistic and optimistic concurrency control algorithm to enhance the system performance.

Objective:
Two heuristic policies based on write only locks and number of same data item existence
has been introduced. These heuristic approaches enhance the performance of MDRTDBS
scheduler.

Methods:
Develop two heuristic policies based on data contention which cope with CC policies
like DHP-2PL and FBOCC. These policies count the number of write only locks and existence of
number of same data item. Ultimately these policies enhance the system performance.

Results::
Investigated the performance using simulator which is designed using C language. Based
on these simulation results using pessimistic and optimistic CCs different graphs are plotted which
shows the performance of system for these developed heuristic approaches. During simulation the
low and high workload of transaction arrival is taken to fair investigate of these heuristic approaches.

Conclusion:
Simulation results show that the system performance is improved using these heuristic
approaches. However, NWL_Modified heuristic approach outperform in MDRTDBS than earlier
heuristic approaches.
Research on Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multi-Attribute Decision Making Based on Projection Model
Authors: Fu Sha , Qu Xilong , Xiao Yezhi , Zhou Hangjun , Zhou Yun 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Regarding the multi-attribute decision making where the decision information
is the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy number and the attribute weight information is not
completely determined.

Methods:
Intuitionistic fuzzy set theory introduces non-membership function, as an extension of the
fuzzy set theory, it has certain advantages in solving complex decision-making problems. A projection
model based interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making scheme was
proposed in this study. The objective weight of the attribute was obtained using improved intervalvalued
intuitionistic fuzzy entropy, and thus the comprehensive weight of the attribute was obtained
according to the preference information.

Results:
In the aspect of the decision-making matrix processing, the concept of interval-valued intuitionistic
fuzzy ideal point and its related concepts were defined, the score vector of each scheme was
calculated, the projection model was constructed to measure the similarity between each scheme and
the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy ideal point, and the scheme was sorted according to the projection
value.

Conclusion:
The efficiency and usability of the proposed approach are considered in the case study.
DESIGN, OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF CETRIZINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE FAST DISSOLVING FILMS EMPLOYING STARCH TARTRATE–A NOVEL SUPERDISINTEGRANT
Authors: KUMAR R. SANTOSH , KUMARI ANNU , LATHA B. KUSUMA , RAJ PRUDHVI 
Published: November 2019

Objective: The aim of the current research is optimization, preparation and evaluation of starch tartrate (novel super disintegrant) and preparation of fast dissolving oral films of cetirizine dihydrochloride by employing starch tartrate.
Methods: To check the drug excipient compatibility studies of the selected drug (Cetrizine dihydrochloride) and the prepared excipient i. e starch tartrate, different studies like FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy), DSC (Differential scanning calorimetry) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) were carried out to find out whether there is any interaction between cetirizine dihydrochloride and starch tartrate. The solvent casting method was used for the preparation of fast dissolving films. The prepared films were then evaluated for thickness, folding endurance, content uniformity, tensile strength, percent elongation, in vitro disintegration time and in-vitro dissolution studies. Response surface plots and contour plots were also plotted to know the individual and combined effect of starch tartrate (A), croscarmellose sodium (B) and crospovidone (C) on disintegration time and drug dissolution efficiency in 10 min (dependent variables).
Results: Films of all the formulations are of good quality, smooth and elegant by appearance. Drug content (100±5%), thickness (0.059 mm to 0.061 mm), the weight of films varies from 51.33 to 58.06 mg, folding endurance (52 to 67 times), tensile strength (10.25 to 12.08 N/mm2). Fast dissolving films were found to disintegrate between 34 to 69 sec. Percent dissolved in 5 min were found to be more in F1 formulation which confirms that starch tartrate was effective at 1%.
Conclusion: From the research conducted, it was proved that starch tartrate can be used in the formulation of fast dissolving films of cetirizine dihydrochloride. The disintegration time of the films was increased with increase in concentration of super disintegrant.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOLIC AND AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF TERMINALIA BELLERICA
Authors: GUPTA RASNA , SINGH RAM LAKHAN , GUPTA ANKIT 
Published: November 2019

Objective: The present study was undertaken to investigate the antioxidative activity of fruit pulp, seed and bark of T. bellerica.
Methods: Methanol (70%) and water were used for the extraction, and the respective extracts were analyzed for total phenolic contents along with the antioxidant activities through different assays.
Results: Amongst the tested extracts, methanolic extracts were found to be better than aqueous with the highest total phenolic contents (TPC). Methanolic fruit pulp showed lower IC50 for free radical (118.7 µg/ml), superoxide anion radical (77.65 µg/ml) and hydroxyl radical (73.76 µg/ml) scavenging activities. Methanolic fruit pulp also showed lower IC50 for lipid peroxidation (115.6 µg/ml) and ferric thiocyanate (184.98 µg/ml) assay than aqueous extracts in comparison to standard quercetin. Further, correlation between TPC and antioxidant studies revealed that phenolics are mainly responsible for antioxidant activity of T. bellerica.
Conclusion: The current study suggests that the methanolic extract of T. bellerica could be a potential source of natural antioxidants for food and pharmaceutical companies.
Selective reporting bias due to discrepancies between registered and published outcomes in osteoarthritis trials
Authors: Krsticevic Miso , Saric Dragica , Saric Frano , Slapnicar Ema , Boric Krste , Dosenovic Svjetlana , Kadic Antonia Jelicic , Kegalj Milka Jeric , Puljak Livia 
Published: November 2019

Aim:
Outcome reporting bias (ORB) occurs when outcomes planned in a study protocol are subsequently not reported or are partially reported. Our aim was to analyze ORB in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about conservative interventions for osteoarthritis (OA) by comparing registered protocols and published manuscripts, as well as association between study funding type and intervention type, and ORB in those RCTs.
Materials & methods:
We analyzed RCTs that were published in a peer-review journal and analyzed any type of conservative intervention for treatment of OA in humans that reported in the manuscript registration in a public clinical trial registry and provided unique registration identifier. We extracted data indicating ORB by comparing outcomes in protocol and published article, and characteristics of trials.
Results:
In 190 (57%) of 334 included RCTs, it was indicated in the manuscript that a trial was registered. In 48% of trials we found discrepancies in number, type or time point of primary efficacy outcome between protocol and manuscript. Significantly less discrepancies in primary efficacy outcomes between protocols and published articles were found in trials funded by a commercial sponsor (p = 0.0062) and trials of pharmacological interventions (p = 0.0016).
Conclusion:
Trials about conservative therapies for OA have high prevalence of discrepancies between protocol and publication, and frequent ORB. This may mislead readers of published results because it has been shown that ORB can lead to both overestimation and underestimation of effects of interventions, depending on the intervention and outcome. Efforts to prevent nonregistration of protocols and selective reporting are needed.
О двух асимптотических формулах в теории гиперболической дзета-функции решёток
Authors: Добровольский Николай Николаевич 
Published: November 2019

В работе рассматриваются новые варианты двух асимптотических формул из теории гиперболической дзета-функции решёток.Во-первых, получена новая асимптотическая формула для гиперболической дзета-функции алгебраической решётки, полученной растяжением в $t$ раз по каждой координате решётки состоящей из полных наборов алгебраически сопряженных целых алгебраических чисел, пробегающих кольцо целых алгебраических чисел чисто вещественного алгебраического поля степени $s$ для любого натурального $s\ge2$.Во-вторых, получена новая асимптотическая формула для числа точек произвольной решётки в гиперболическом кресте.В первом случае показано, что главный член асимптотической формулы для гиперболической дзета-функции алгебраической решётки выражается через детерминант решётки, регулятор поля и значения дзета-функции Дедекинда главных идеалов и её производные до порядка $s-1$. Впервые выписана явная формула остаточного члена и дана его оценка.Во втором случае главный член асимптотической формулы выражается через объём гиперболического креста и детерминант решётки. Даётся явный вид остаточного члена и уточненная его оценка.В заключении описана суть метода параметризованных множеств, использованного при выводе асимптотических формул.
О совместном распределении значений дзета-функций Гурвица
Authors: Францкевич Виолета , Лауринчикас Антанас , Шяучюнас Дариус 
Published: November 2019

Хорошо известно, что некоторые дзета и $L$-функции универсальны в смысле Воронина, т.е., ими приближается широкий класс аналитических функций. Некоторые из этих функций также совместно универсальны. В этом случае, набор аналитических функций одновременно приближается набором дзета-функций. В статье рассматривается проблема, связанная со совместной универсальностью дзета-функций Гурвица. Известно, что дзета-функции Гурвица $\zeta(s,\alpha_1), \dots, \zeta(s,\alpha_r)$ совместно универсальны, если параметры $\alpha_1,\dots, \alpha_r$ алгебраически независимы над полем рациональных чисел $\mathbb{Q}$, или в более общем случае, если множество $\{\log(m+\alpha_j): m\in \mathbb{N}_0,\; j=1,\dots, r\}$ линейно независимо над $\mathbb{Q}$. Мы рассматриваем случай произвольных параметров $\alpha_1,\dots, \alpha_r$ и получаем, что существует непустое замкнутое множество функций $F_{\alpha_1,\dots, \alpha_r}$ пространства $H^r(D)$ аналитических в полосе $D=\left\{s\in \mathbb{C}:\frac{1}{2}<\sigma<1\right\}$ такое, что для любых компактных множеств $K_1,\dots, K_r\subset D$, функций $(f_1,\dots, f_r)\in F_{\alpha_1,\dots, \alpha_r}$ и всякого $\varepsilon>0$ множество $\left\{\tau\in \mathbb{R}: \sup_{1\leqslant j\leqslant r} \sup_{s\in K_j} |\zeta(s+i\tau,\alpha_j)-f_j(s)|<\varepsilon\right\}$ имеет положительную нижнюю плотность. Также рассматривается случай положительной плотности этого множества.
Константа Линника не превосходит 5
Authors: Xylouris Triantafyllos 
Published: November 2019

Пусть $a$ и $q$ - два положительных целых числа. В 1944 году Ю. В. Линник показал, что наименьшее простое число в арифметической прогрессии по модулю $q$ меньше $Cq^L$ с положительными постоянными $C$ и $L$.Опираясь на работу Хиз-Брауна, мы доказываем, что $L=5$ допустимо.
О моноиде квадратичных вычетов
Authors: Добровольский Николай Николаевич , Калинина Алина Олеговна , Добровольский Михаил Николаевич , Добровольский Николай Михайлович 
Published: November 2019

В работе изучается дзета-функция моноида квадратичных вычетов по простому модулю $p$. Моноид квадратичных вычетов задается равенством $$ M_{p,2}=\left\{a\in\mathbb{N}\left| \left(\frac{a}{p}\right)=1\right.\right\}=\bigcup_{\nu=1}^{\frac{p-1}{2}}\left(r_\nu+p\mathbb{N}_0\right), $$где $\mathbb{N}_0=\{0\}\bigcup\mathbb{N}$ и $r_1<r_2<\ldots<r_{\frac{p-1}{2}}$ --- наименьшая положительная система квадратичных вычетов по модулю $p$, соответственно, $r_{\frac{p+1}{2}}<\ldots<r_{p-1}$ --- наименьшая положительная система квадратичных невычетов по модулю $p$.Множество простых элементов моноида $M_{p,2}$ состоит из множества простых чисел $\mathbb{P}_p^{(1)}$ и множества псевдопростых чисел $\mathbb{P}_p^{(2)}\cdot\mathbb{P}_p^{(2)}$:$$P(M_{p,2})=\mathbb{P}_p^{(1)}\bigcup\left(\mathbb{P}_p^{(2)}\cdot\mathbb{P}_p^{(2)}\right),$$где множество простых чисел $\mathbb{P}$ разбивается на два бесконечных подмножества $\mathbb{P}_p^{(\nu)}$ $(\nu=1,2)$ и одноэлементное множество $\{p\}$:$$\mathbb{P}=\mathbb{P}_p^{(1)}\bigcup\mathbb{P}_p^{(2)}\bigcup\{p\}, \quad \mathbb{P}_p^{(\nu)}=\left\{q\in\mathbb{P}\left|\left(\frac{q}{p}\right)=3-2\nu\right.\right\} \quad (\nu=1,2).$$Моноид $M_{p,2}$ разлагается в произведение двух взаимно простых моноидов $M_{p,2}=M_{p,2}^{(1)}\cdot$ $\cdot M_{p,2}^{(2)}$, где$$M_{p,2}^{(\nu)}=\left\{a\in M_{p,2}\left| a=\prod_{j=1}^{n}q_j^{\alpha_j}, \, q_j\in\mathbb{P}_p^{(\nu)} \right.\right\}, \quad \nu=1,2.$$В статье изучаются свойства функции распределения простых элементов $\pi_{M_{p,2}^{(\nu)}}(x)$ для $\nu=1,2$. Отметим, что $\pi_{M_{p,2}}(x)=\pi_{M_{p,2}^{(1)}}(x)+\pi_{M_{p,2}^{(2)}}(x)$. Показано, что $$ \pi_{M_{p,2}^{(1)}}(x)=\frac{1}{2}\li x+O\left(\frac{x^{\beta_1}}{2}+\frac{p-1}2xe^{-c_9\sqrt{\ln x}}\right) $$ и $$ \pi_{M_{p,2}^{(2)}}(x)=\frac{x\ln\ln x}{2\ln x}+O\left(\frac{x}{(1-\beta_1)\ln{x}}\right), $$ где $\beta_1$ --- исключительный ноль исключительного характера $\chi_1$ по модулю $p$.В заключении рассмотрены актуальные задачи с дзета-функциями моноидов натуральных чисел, требующие дальнейшего исследования.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA PAISAGEM NA LEITURA DAS ESPACIALIDADES
Authors: Barros Lânderson Antóra , Castrogiovanni Antonio Carlos , Teixeira Christiano Corrêa 
Published: November 2019

A pesquisa desenvolvida buscou, inicialmente, refletir e (re)textualizar os conceitos de Paisagem através do olhar de diferentes autores. Em um segundo momento procura responder provisoriamente às questões: a Paisagem é informação ou conhecimento? Como transformar a Paisagem em conhecimento espacial? O empírico visto é a Paisagem ou já é abstração? É uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório com reflexão coletiva que se aproxima de uma pesquisa-ação. A leitura é feita a partir dos princípios hologramático e dialógico da Complexidade. Avaliar as diferentes espacialidades inseridas em temporalidades são fundamentais para que os sujeitos professores possam transformar a Paisagem num refletir a geograficidade existente nos diferentes locais A percepção da Paisagem encaminha para a leitura de espacialidades que revelam os elementos que a compõem: localização, forma, arranjos espaciais, escalas e lugares, (re)construídos e interagidos, contidos em uma parte do espaço que representa o todo, onde a soma das partes é mais que o todo. Assim, parece ser fundamental considerar a dinâmica sócio espacial que envolve os aspectos visíveis e invisíveis, implícitos e explícitos, que falam ou silenciam, de acordo com as subjetividades geográficas do olhar dirigido pelos sujeitos às paisagens, procurando não separar sujeito do objeto percebido. Neste artigo apresentamos algumas das questões já respondidas por esta pesquisa.
KAJIAN TENTANG PENANGANAN ILLEGAL FISHING DI TIMOR LESTE
Authors: Monteiro Seguito 
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif, yang menekankan pada studi dokumen dalam penelitian kepustakaan untuk mempelajari data sekunder di bidang hukum yang berhubungan dengan permasalahan dan tujuan penelitian ini. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan historis. Pendekatan konseptual dalam penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mencari kajian penanganan illegal fishing di Timor Leste yang berasal dari asas-asas hukum yang relevan. Pendekatan historis dilakukan dalam kerangkan pelacakan kasus- kasus kejahatan Illegal Fishing di perairan Timor Leste. Penelitian ini menekankan pada data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer berupa ketentuan- ketentuan mengenai Kejahatan Illegal Fishing seperti dalam undang-undang dan sebagainya, sedangkan bahan hukum sekunder diperoleh dari buku teks, jurnal, kasus-kasus hukum. Prosedur pengumpulan bahan hukum dilakukan melalui studi literatur dan studi dokumen sesuai dengan permasalahan yang telah dirumuskan untuk selanjutnya dikaji secara komprehensif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam Hukum Nasional Timor Leste telah di atur dalam Dekretu Governu No. 5/2004 Juillu Regulamentu Jeral Peskas No Akikultura mengenai pelayaran di perairan Timor Leste dan pembatasan Zona Maritim nasional dalam hal ijin mengenai aktifitas kapal umum penangkap ikan di perairan nasional Timor Leste yang tertera pada Pasal 2 (1). Selanjutnya melalui pencegahan pelayaran kapal asing di perairan terluar dengan efek pencegahan dalam artian, operasinya dikonsentrasikan pada perairan potensial yang rawan dari ancaman kedaulatan, serta dapat dilakukan melalui preventif dan responsive dimana melalui sarana dan prasarana teknologi sisitem monitorining kapal.
Characteristics of influence of individual-personal factors of professional socialization of students of secondary vocational educational institution
Authors: Пономарева Ольга Сергеевна , Ponomareva Olga Sergeevna , Морозова Янина Самвеловна , Morozova Yanina Samvelovna 
Published: November 2019

The article analyzes the influence of the individual personality factors of professional socialization of the students studying at the vocational educational institution. Existing factors
affecting the productivity of professional socialization of the students have been considered. There has been conducted a survey by means of questioning the students of engineering specialties of the Department of secondary vocational education in Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education ASTU. Conclusions have been drawn about the influence of individual personality
factors of students' professional socialization.
Role of aesthetics in web design
Authors: Морозов Михаил Дмитриевич , Morozov Mikhail Dmitrievich , Романов Владислав Витальевич , Romanov Vladislav Vitalievich 
Published: November 2019

The paper highlights the growing importance of web sites that become the preferred media choice for information search, company presentation, purchasing things, choosing entertainment, education, and social contacts. Visual symbols play an increasingly important role in our daily lives. The concept of aesthetics which plays an important role in designing successful websites, in supporting the content and the functionality, in appealing to the taste of the target audience is discussed. It has been stated that working with visual text elements and color in web design
is given a special place. The graphic effects make a compulsory part of any website. The correla-tion between aesthetics and functionality in web design has been analyzed. The role of aesthetics
in IT technology and design has been evaluated.
O léxico brasileiro em dois espaços e em dois momentos
Authors: Cardoso (in memoriam) Suzana Alice Marcelino da Silva , Paim Marcela Moura Torres , Teles Ana Regina Torres Ferreira 
Published: November 2019

O artigo examina o léxico do português brasileiro numa dupla perspectiva, a diatópica e a diacrônica. Fundamentado na realidade de dois estados brasileiros e com base em dados do Atlas Prévio do Falares Baianos (ROSSI, 1963), do Atlas Lingüístico do Paraná (AGUILERA, 1994) e do corpus do Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil, o trabalho descreve a realidade areal dos dois estados, aponta, descrevendo-as, as coincidências e divergências e assinala a possível variação no tempo.