bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic polymorphisms of rs9313422 G>C and rs41297579 G>A at the promoter of TIM‐1 gene contribute to the risk of community‐acquired pneumonia in children
Authors: Liu Yang , Xu Hong‐Bo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association of genetic polymorphisms of rs9313422 G>C and rs41297579 G>A at the promoter of TIM‐1 gene with the risk of community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children.MethodsA total of 112 children with CAP were included as the case group. Another 120 healthy children were enrolled as the control group. Polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) was applied for the genotyping of rs9313422 G>C and rs41297579 G>A in the promoter region of TIM‐1.Resultsrs9313422 G>C was related to the risk of CAP in children under codominant model, dominant model, recessive model, and allele model. Besides, the A allele of rs41297579 G>A could increase the risk of CAP in children. Besides, the haplotype GA (rs9313422‐rs41297579) and GG reduced the risk of children CAP, while haplotype CA had an elevated risk. rs9313422 G>C and rs41297579 G>A polymorphisms were both associated with the severity of CAP in children, and the rs9313422 G>C was also related to the ICU admission rate. In addition, patients carried with the mutant homozygotes of rs9313422 G>C and rs41297579 G>A showed higher levels of white blood cell (WBC), procalcitonin (PCT), and C‐reactive protein (CRP) than the wild type and heterozygous genotypes carriers.Conclusionrs9313422 G>C and rs41297579 G>A polymorphisms in the promoter region of TIM‐1 could increase the risk of CAP in children and showed a relation with inflammatory responses and severity.
Decreased native renal T1 up to one week after gadobutrol administration in healthy volunteers
Authors: de Boer Anneloes , Harteveld Anita A. , Pieters Tobias T. , Blankestijn Peter J. , Bos Clemens , Froeling Martijn , Joles Jaap A. , Verhaar Marianne C. , Leiner Tim , Hoogduin Hans 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundGadolinium‐based contrast agents (GBCAs) are widely used in MRI, despite safety concerns regarding deposition in brain and other organs. In animal studies gadolinium was detected for weeks after administration in the kidneys, but this has not yet been demonstrated in humans.PurposeTo find evidence for the prolonged presence of gadobutrol in the kidneys in healthy volunteers.Study TypeCombined retrospective and prospective analysis of a repeatability study.PopulationTwenty‐three healthy volunteers with normal renal function (12 women, age range 40–76 years), of whom 21 were used for analysis.Field Strength/SequenceInversion recovery‐based T1 map at 3T.AssessmentT1 maps were obtained twice with a median interval of 7 (range: 4–16) days. The T1 difference (ΔT1) between both scans was compared between the gadolinium group (n = 16, 0.05 mmol/kg gadobutrol administered after T1 mapping during both scan sessions) and the control group (n = 5, no gadobutrol). T1 maps were analyzed separately for cortex and medulla.Statistical TestsMann–Whitney U‐tests to detect differences in ΔT1 between groups and linear regression to relate time between scans and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to ΔT1.ResultsΔT1 differed significantly between the gadolinium and control group: median ΔT1 cortex –98 vs. 7 msec (P < 0.001) and medulla –68 msec vs. 19 msec (P = 0.001), respectively. The bias corresponds to renal gadobutrol concentrations of 8 nmol/g tissue (cortex) and 4 nmol/g tissue (medulla), ie, ~2.4 μmol for both kidneys (0.05% of original dose). ΔT1 correlated in the gadolinium group with duration between acquisitions for both cortex (regression coefficient (β) 16.5 msec/day, R2 0.50, P < 0.001) and medulla (β 11.5 msec/day, R2 0.32, P < 0.001). Medullary ΔT1 correlated with eGFR (β 1.13 msec/(ml/min) R2 0.25, P = 0.008).Data ConclusionWe found evidence of delayed renal gadobutrol excretion after a single contrast agent administration in subjects with normal renal function. Even within this healthy population, elimination delay increased with decreasing kidney function.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:622–631.
Recurrent ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation ablation and prior stroke: A study based on etiological classification
Authors: Fukamizu Seiji , Hojo Rintaro , Kitamura Takeshi , Kawamura Iwanari , Miyazawa Satoshi , Karashima Jun , Nakamura Shin , Takeda Kosuke , Yamaoka Koichiro , Arai Tomoyuki , Kawajiri Kohei , Tanabe Sho , Koyano Yasuki , Miyahara Daisuke , Tokioka Sayuri , Arai Marina , Inagaki Dai , Miyabe Tomonori , Sakurada Harumizu , Hiraoka Masayasu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundDifferent subtypes of ischemic stroke may have different risk factors, clinical features, and prognoses. This study investigated the incidence and mode of stroke recurrence in patients with a history of stroke who underwent atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation.MethodsOf 825 patients who underwent AF ablation from 2006 to 2016, 77 patients (9.3%, median age 69 years) with a prior ischemic stroke were identified. Patients were classified as those with prior cardioembolic (CE) stroke (n = 55) and those with prior non‐CE stroke (n = 22). The incidence and pattern of stroke recurrence were investigated.ResultsThe incidence of asymptomatic AF (54.5% vs 22.7%; P = .011) and left atrial volume (135.8 mL vs 109.3 mL; P = .024) was greater in the CE group than in the non‐CE group. Anticoagulation treatment was discontinued at an average of 28.1 months following the initial ablation in 34 (44.2%) patients. None of the patients developed CE stroke during a median 4.1‐year follow‐up. In the non‐CE group, 2 patients experienced recurrent non‐CE stroke (lacunar infarction in 1 and atherosclerotic stroke in 1); however, AF was not observed at the onset of recurrent ischemic stroke.ConclusionsIn patients with a history of stroke who underwent catheter ablation for AF, the incidence of recurrent stroke was 0.54/100 patient‐years. The previous stroke in these patients may not have been due to AF in some cases; therefore, a large‐scale prospective study is warranted to identify the appro	priate antithrombotic therapy for the prevention of potentially recurrent stroke.
Computational Model Validation of Contact Mechanics in Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Dharia Mehul A. , Snyder Sandra , Bischoff Jeffrey E. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTRevision rates in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) are nearly double compared with hip or knee arthroplasty procedures. Contact mechanics for metal–polyethylene articulation in TAA is critical due to the reduced size of the implant and higher expected load, compared with a hip or knee joint. This study was focused on developing a validated computational model to predict contact area in a polyethylene tibial bearing articulating with a metallic talar component in a bicondylar TAA design. Contact area was evaluated at five different flexion angles in an experimental test and in a computational model, per ASTM F2665. The overall contact area values predicted in the computational model matched closely (within 8%) with that measured in the comparator; well within the range reported in the literature. The credibility of the model to sufficiently predict the outputs relative to the experimental data was discussed using the guidelines provided by the recently published ASME V&V 40‐2018 standard. Various sensitivities associated with both the model and the comparator, were explored. It was concluded that the validated modeling approach presented in this study demonstrated sufficient accuracy to support the use of modeling for evaluation of contact area of TAA designs. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:1063‐1069, 2020
Effect of an integrated clinical pharmacy service with the general medical units on patient flow and medical staff satisfaction: a pre‐ and postintervention study
Authors: Tran Tim , Johnson Douglas Forsyth , Balassone Jacqueline , Tanner Francine , Chan Vincent , Garrett Kent 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundHealth services are under pressure to accommodate increasing numbers of emergency department presentations. This can contribute to prescribing errors. Integration of a pharmacist into the general medical team may reduce the incidence of prescribing errors on discharge and improve patient flow and medical staff satisfaction.AimThis study evaluated the effect of an integrated pharmacy service provided to the general medical units (GMUs) on patient flow and medical staff satisfaction.MethodThis study was a 4‐week pre‐ and postintervention study involving GMUs at a major metropolitan hospital in Australia. During the intervention period, an integrated clinical pharmacy service, which included attending medical ward rounds and assisting with the preparation of discharge prescriptions, was provided to medical units. The primary endpoint was the median time (min) past 9am that patients were discharged from the ward. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of prescriptions requiring an amendment and medical staff satisfaction with the service.ResultsThere were 87 and 84 patients discharged from the medical units before and after the intervention. During the intervention period, pharmacists prepared 79% of prescriptions, which reduced the proportion requiring an amendment from 65% to 17% (p < 0.01). Patients were discharged 77 min earlier during the postintervention period (median 380 vs 303 min after 9am; p = 0.03). Medical staff felt the integrated clinical pharmacy service improved patient flow and should be incorporated into standard practice.ConclusionsAn integrated clinical pharmacy service with proactive pharmacist intervention within the GMUs improved patient flow and medical staff satisfaction, and decreased prescriptions requiring an amendment.
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma as a Complication of Treatment for Recurrent High‐Grade Serous Cancer
Authors: Moses Lindsey E. , Rotsides Janine M. , Balogun Fiyinfolu O. , Persky Mark S. , Muggia Franco M. , Persky Michael J. 
Published: December 2019

Objectives/HypothesisAdvances in cancer treatment have increased survival for many patients, prompting a need for greater recognition of the long‐term complications of treatment. Chemotherapy agents have the potential to induce carcinogenesis and can increase the risk of secondary malignancy. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) used for maintenance treatment of recurrent high‐grade serous cancers has been associated with the development of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).Study DesignRetrospective review.MethodsCases of oral cavity SCC in patients with recurrent high‐grade serous cancer treated with PLD between 1997 and 2017 at a single institution were reviewed.ResultsEight of 16 patients treated with PLD developed oral cavity SCC. The duration of PLD use ranged from 1.3 to 15 years (mean = 5.8 years) and cumulative dose ranged from 405 to 3,000 mg/m2 (mean = 1,542 mg/m2). Seven patients tested positive for BRCA mutations (four BRCA 1+, three BRCA 2+). No patients had a history of alcohol or tobacco use. All had early‐stage oral cavity disease; five were T1N0, two were T2N0, and one had carcinoma in situ. All patients underwent surgery, and two received adjuvant radiation. Four developed locoregional recurrence requiring additional treatment. Of these, one patient died from complications of oral SCC, one developed recurrent ovarian cancer, and two had no evidence of disease of the oral cavity or ovarian cancer at the last follow‐up.ConclusionsLong‐term PLD therapy may be associated with the development of oral cavity SCC. A high index of suspicion and routine head and neck examination should be included in follow‐up for exposed patients.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130:2607–2610, 2020
Cellular Uptake of Gold Nanoparticles and Their Movement in 3D Multicellular Tumor Spheroids: Effect of Molecular Weight and Grafting Density of Poly(2‐hydroxyl ethyl acrylate)
Authors: Lu Hongxu , Su Jiaying , Mamdooh Russul , Li Yimeng , Stenzel Martina H. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIt is known that the size of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) is not the only determining factor in the uptake by cells such as cancer cells. The surface functionalization plays a crucial role, in particular the nature of the ligand as well as the molecular weight and the grafting density. Here, poly(2‐hydroxy ethyl) acrylate (pHEA) with molecular weights ranging from 10, 20 to 39 g mol−1via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization is synthesized. These polymers are used directly to coat GNPs with sizes of 20, 40, and 70 nm as the trithiocarbonate functionality can strongly bind to the gold surface. The library of nine GNP is found to be nontoxic against lung carcinoma cells A549 and has negligible albumin protein absorption as determined by quartz crystal microbalance. Laser scanning confocal microscopy and flow cytometry reveal that GNP coated with medium length pHEA displays the highest cellular uptake while the effect of the size is not statistically significant. In contrast, multicellular tumor spheroids, which is a 3D model that simulates the tissue, enable the penetration of GNP coated with the longest pHEA chain while it also appears that smaller GNPs have now a clear advantage.
Progress in Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering: A Review on Therapeutic Cells and Macromolecular Scaffolds
Authors: Zhao Zhongyi , Fan Changjiang , Chen Feng , Sun Yutai , Xia Yujun , Ji Aiyu , Wang Dong‐An 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRepair and regeneration of articular cartilage lesions have always been a major challenge in the medical field due to its peculiar structure (e.g., sparsely distributed chondrocytes, no blood supply, no nerves). Articular cartilage tissue engineering is considered as one promising strategy to achieve reconstruction of cartilage. With this perspective, the articular cartilage tissue engineering has been widely studied. Here, the recent progress of articular cartilage tissue engineering is reviewed. The ad hoc therapeutic cells and growth factors for cartilage regeneration are summarized and discussed. Various types of bio/macromolecular scaffolds together with their pros and cons are also reviewed and elaborated.
Breastmilk Lipids and Oligosaccharides Influence Branched Short‐Chain Fatty Acid Concentrations in Infants with Excessive Weight Gain
Authors: Pekmez Ceyda Tugba , Larsson Melanie Wange , Lind Mads Vendelbo , Vazquez Manjarrez Natalia , Yonemitsu Chloe , Larnkjær Anni , Bode Lars , Mølgaard Christian , Michaelsen Kim F. , Dragsted Lars Ove 
Published: December 2019

ScopeThe aim is to identify breastmilk components associated with fecal concentration of SCFAs and to investigate whether they differ between infants with high weight gain (HW) and normal weight gain (NW).Methods and resultsBreastmilk and fecal samples are collected from mother–infant dyads with HW (n = 11) and NW (n = 15) at 5 and 9 months of age. Breastmilk is profiled on ultra‐performance LC‐quadrupole TOF‐MS platform. Fecal SCFAs are quantified using an isotope‐labeled chemical derivatization method. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are quantified using HPLC after fluorescent derivatization. Lower levels of α‐linolenic acid, oleic acid, 3‐oxohexadecanoic acid, LPE (P‐16:0), LPC (16:0), LPC (18:0), PC (36:2) in breastmilk from mothers from the HW‐group at 5 months of age is found. Fecal SCFA concentrations are increased during the transition period from breastfeeding to complementary feeding. Fecal butyrate concentration is higher in the NW‐group at 9 months of age. Fecal branched SCFAs are positively associated with breastmilk phospholipid levels, free‐fatty acid levels, HMO‐diversity, sialylated‐HMOs, 6′‐sialyllactose, and disialyl‐lacto‐N‐hexaose.ConclusionFecal branched SCFA concentrations seem to be affected by breastmilk lipid and HMO composition. These differences in breastmilk metabolites may partially explain the excessive weight gain in early life.
High selectivity band‐stop filters using coaxial‐fed substrate integrated waveguide
Authors: Chen Rui‐Sen , Wong Sai‐Wai , Niu Bing‐Jian , Lin Jing‐Yu , Li Yin , Zhang Long , Wang Yun , He Yejun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA novel band‐stop filter (BSF) using coaxial‐fed slotted substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is proposed in this article. The proposed BSF is designed using coaxial‐fed line with extended probes penetrating through the substrate and connecting each other, instead of using the main transmission line to dispose the resonators. The SIW cavities perform the resonators excited by the probes to produce a stopband. Then, two BSFs with one and two SIW cavities are firstly designed, both of them have SIW cavity resonator modes and lower‐band reflection zeroes. Then, two types of third‐order BSFs using two cavity resonators and one slot resonator are presented, the high selectivity is achieved by the RZs at both sides of the stopband. Finally, one of the proposed third‐order BSFs is fabricated and measured to verify the design method.
Wideband 90°phase shifter using modified composite resonant circuits for phase slope alignment
Authors: Jang Youna , Ahn Dal 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article proposes a new wideband 90°phase shifter, aligning the phase slope between a reference line and a mainline to reduce the slope deviation. The design theory of the proposed phase shifter using a modified composite resonant circuit is converted from the LC resonant circuit to the transmission line for easy fabrication. To validate the design theory, the conventional and proposed phase shifters are designed, fabricated, and measured. The fractional bandwidth of the proposed phase shifter is over 77% in terms of the magnitude and phase difference. Therefore, the measurement results agree well with the design theory within a 0.5 dB insertion loss and ± 10° phase deviation, except for fabrication errors.
Adaptive weighted log subtraction based on neural networks for markerless tumor tracking using dual‐energy fluoroscopy
Authors: Haytmyradov Maksat , Mostafavi Hassan , Cassetta Roberto , Patel Rakesh , Surucu Murat , Zhu Liangjia , Roeske John C. 
Published: December 2019

PurposeTo present a novel method, based on convolutional neural networks (CNN), to automate weighted log subtraction (WLS) for dual‐energy (DE) fluoroscopy to be used in conjunction with markerless tumor tracking (MTT).MethodsA CNN was developed to automate WLS (aWLS) of DE fluoroscopy to enhance soft tissue visibility. Briefly, this algorithm consists of two phases: training a CNN architecture to predict pixel‐wise weighting factors followed by application of WLS subtraction to reduce anatomical noise. To train the CNN, a custom phantom was built consisting of aluminum (Al) and acrylic (PMMA) step wedges. Per‐pixel ground truth (GT) weighting factors were calculated by minimizing the contrast of Al in the step wedge phantom to train the CNN. The pretrained model was then utilized to predict pixel‐wise weighting factors for use in WLS. For comparison, the weighting factor was manually determined in each projection (mWLS). A thorax phantom with five simulated spherical targets (5–25 mm) embedded in a lung cavity, was utilized to assess aWLS performance. The phantom was imaged with fast‐kV dual‐energy (120 and 60 kVp) fluoroscopy using the on‐board imager of a commercial linear accelerator. DE images were processed offline to produce soft tissue images using both WLS methods. MTT was compared using soft tissue images produced with both mWLS and aWLS techniques.ResultsQualitative evaluation demonstrated that both methods achieved soft tissue images with similar quality. The use of aWLS increased the number of tracked frames by 1–5% compared to mWLS, with the largest increase observed for the smallest simulated tumors. The tracking errors for both methods produced agreement to within 0.1 mm.ConclusionsA novel method to perform automated WLS for DE fluoroscopy was developed. Having similar soft tissue quality as well as bone suppression capability as mWLS, this method allows for real‐time processing of DE images for MTT.
Multicontext multitask learning networks for mass detection in mammogram
Authors: Shen Rongbo , Zhou Ke , Yan Kezhou , Tian Kuan , Zhang Jun 
Published: December 2019

PurposeIn this paper, for the purpose of accurate and efficient mass detection, we propose a new deep learning framework, including two major stages: Suspicious region localization (SRL) and Multicontext Multitask Learning (MCMTL).MethodsIn the first stage, SRL focuses on finding suspicious regions [regions of interest (ROIs)] and extracting multisize patches of these suspicious regions. A set of bounding boxes with different size is used to extract multisize patches, which aim to capture diverse context information. In the second stage, MCMTL networks integrate features from multisize patches of suspicious regions for classification and segmentation simultaneously, where the purpose of this stage is to keep the true positive suspicious regions and to reduce the false positive suspicious regions.ResultsAccording to the experimental results on two public datasets (i.e., CBIS‐DDSM and INBreast), our method achieves the overall performance of 0.812 TPR@2.53 FPI and 0.919 TPR@0.12 FPI on test sets, respectively.ConclusionsOur proposed method suggests comparable performance to the state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Detection of cortical malformations using enhanced synthetic contrast images derived from quantitative T1 maps
Authors: Nöth Ulrike , Gracien René‐Maxime , Maiworm Michelle , Reif Philipp S. , Hattingen Elke , Knake Susanne , Wagner Marlies , Deichmann Ralf 
Published: December 2019

The detection of cortical malformations in conventional MR images can be challenging. Prominent examples are focal cortical dysplasias (FCD), the most common cause of drug‐resistant focal epilepsy. The two main MRI hallmarks of cortical malformations are increased cortical thickness and blurring of the gray (GM) and white matter (WM) junction. The purpose of this study was to derive synthetic anatomies from quantitative T1 maps for the improved display of the above imaging characteristics in individual patients.On the basis of a T1 map, a mask comprising pixels with T1 values characteristic for GM is created from which the local cortical extent (CE) is determined. The local smoothness (SM) of the GM‐WM junctions is derived from the T1 gradient. For display of cortical malformations, the resulting CE and SM maps serve to enhance local intensities in synthetic double inversion recovery (DIR) images calculated from the T1 map.The resulting CE‐ and/or SM‐enhanced DIR images appear hyperintense at the site of cortical malformations, thus facilitating FCD detection in epilepsy patients. However, false positives may arise in areas with naturally elevated CE and/or SM, such as large GM structures and perivascular spaces.In summary, the proposed method facilitates the detection of cortical abnormalities such as cortical thickening and blurring of the GM‐WM junction which are typical FCD markers. Still, subject motion artifacts, perivascular spaces, and large normal GM structures may also yield signal hyperintensity in the enhanced synthetic DIR images, requiring careful comparison with clinical MR images by an experienced neuroradiologist to exclude false positives.