bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calibrating mirror-assisted multi-view digital image correlation system using a speckled planar object
Authors: Chen Bin , Pan Bing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Recently, a novel low-cost and easy-to-implement mirror-assisted multi-view digital image correlation (MV-DIC) technique that uses only a vertically arranged binocular stereo-digital image correlation (stereo-DIC) system and two planar mirrors was proposed for panoramic/dual-surface kinematic field measurements. The mirror-assisted MV-DIC, which is equivalent to a regular MV-DIC system comprising three/two identical stereo-DIC systems, can simultaneously measure three/two different regions of a test sample. To perform panoramic/dual-surface kinematic field measurements with this technique, one of the most important procedures is accurately calibrating the reflection transformation of each mirror to transform all measured regions to a common world coordinate system. Previous works calibrate the reflection transformation by decorating speckle patterns on the mirrors or adjusting the mirrors to various poses, which either occupies precious spatial resolution of the sensor or is complicated in implementation. In this work, an easy-to-implement and practical method that employs only a speckled planar object is proposed to calibrate the reflection transformation of the planar mirrors. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method are well evaluated and validated. Compared with existing methods, the proposed method holds the advantage of being efficient in sensor utilization and simple in implementation and is therefore highly recommended for the practical use of the mirror-assisted MV-DIC technique.
Theoretical design of two-dimensional carbon nitrides
Authors: Kou Chunlei , Tian Yuanye , Gao Lili , Lu Mingchun , Zhang Miao , Liu Hanyu , Zhang Dandan , Cui Xiangyue , Yang Wensheng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The study of two-dimensional (2D) materials has attracted considerable attention owing to their unique but fascinating properties. Here we systematically explored 2D carbon nitride monolayer sheets via the particle swarm optimization algorithm in combination with density functional theory. As a result of structural searches, four carbon nitride monolayers are predicted with stable stoichiometries of C5N2, C2N, C3N2 and CN. These predicted structures are semiconductors with an optimal band gap for solar cell application as indicated in our electronic simulations. Our current results also reveal the high tensile strengths of the predicted structures compared to known porous carbon nitride monolayer sheets. This work may provide a route for the design of 2D candidates in the application of photovoltaic materials.
Flexible planar supercapacitors by straightforward filtration and laser processing steps
Authors: Pitkänen Olli , Eraslan Toprak , Sebők Dániel , Szenti Imre , Kukovecz Ákos , Vajtai Robert , Kordas Krisztian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
There is ever increasing demand for flexible energy storage devices due to the development of wearable electronics and other small electronic devices. The electrode flexibility is best provided by a special set of nanomaterials, but the required methodology typically consists of multiple steps and are designed just for the specific materials. Here, a facile and scalable method of making flexible and mechanically robust planar supercapacitors with interdigital electrode structure made of commercial carbon nanomaterials and silver nanowires is presented. The capacitor structure is achieved with vacuum filtration through a micropatterned contact mask and finished with simple laser processing steps. A maximum specific capacitance of 4 F cm−3 was measured with cyclic voltammetry at scan rate of 5 mV s−1. The reliability and charge transfer properties of devices were further investigated with galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, respectively. Furthermore, mechanical bending tests confirmed the devices have excellent mechanical integrity, and the deformations have no adverse effects on the electrochemical charge-discharge behavior and stability.
Review of Physical Layer Security Technology in Battlefield Network
Authors: Wu Jialong , Ren Qinghua , Li Ming , Fan Zhikai , Zhang Guangda 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Global openness of battlefield network makes it face many security threats, the physical security technology can provide an important support to traditional security system and strong protection to messages transmission, studying its application in battlefield network is of great significance. In view of the current and future network development trend, this paper studies the physical layer security problem from the perspective of battlefield network under modern warfare conditions, summarizes and analyzes the basic model of physical layer security, sorts out and introduces the physical layer security technology of wireless communication, and finally summarizes the risks and challenges still faced by the physical layer of the current battlefield network.
Optimizing File Transfer in Distributed Storage System Based on Reconfiguration of Storage Structure
Authors: Li Kai , Chen Shouming , Chen Yingda , Zhong Susheng , Huang Kaitong , He Minnuo , Yang Lixin , Li Bo , Yan Yi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Distributed storage is the storage part of distributed computing. It is an easy-to-expand and virtualized storage resource pool. In order to meet the needs of large-scale storage structure applications, reliable mass data storage services are provided. Redundant data storage is needed to deal with the data unreliability caused by node failure. The lower the cost of file transmission, the less traffic generated in the network. According to the time logic, the regeneration process is divided into stages: data distribution, data encoding and decoding, data transmission and data reconstruction. The feedback mechanism can reduce the overhead of acquiring the load information of the data server node while ensuring the real-time performance. The determination of the activity factor function of the data block access frequency statistics needs to be established in the performance adaptability of the data block activity factor and the specific access times. The single-point dependency of the centralized storage system on the primary node is changed, which reduces the waiting delay of concurrent users and the average memory usage of the metadata server.
New infinite families of Nth-order superintegrable systems separating in Cartesian coordinates
Authors: Escobar-Ruiz A M , Linares R , Winternitz P 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A study is presented of superintegrable quantum systems in two-dimensional Euclidean space E
2 allowing the separation of variables in Cartesian coordinates. In addition to the Hamiltonian H and the second order integral of motion X, responsible for the separation of variables, they allow a third integral that is a polynomial of order N (N ⩾ 3) in the components p
1, p
2 of the linear momentum. We focus on doubly exotic potentials, i.e. potentials V(x, y) = V
1(x) + V
2(y) where neither V
1(x) nor V
2(y) satisfy any linear ordinary differential equation (ODE). We present two new infinite families of superintegrable systems in E
2 with integrals of order N for which V
1(x) and V
2(y) are given by the solution of a nonlinear ODE that passes the Painlevé test. This was verified for 3 ⩽ N ⩽ 10. We conjecture that this will hold for any doubly exotic potential and for all N, and that moreover the potentials will always actually have the Painlevé property.
Developing Non- Linear Relationship Among Factors Affecting the Rutting Susceptibility of Asphalt Mixtures Using Two Parameter Weibull Distribution
Authors: Ashfaq Fatima , Hafeez Imran , Hussan Sabahat 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper illustrates a novel approach to determine the probabilistic rutting in asphalt mixtures based on Weibull distribution statistical approach. In this paper, thirty wearing course asphalt mixtures prepared using different binder grades and aggregate sources, are analysed. Cooper Wheel tracker Test (CWTT)and Asphalt pavement analyser (APA) have been used to ascertain the rutting potential of asphalt mixtures with varying binder grade and aggregate source. Mixtures are then ranked based on their rutting susceptibility. The obtained data is processed using two parametric Weibull approach. Scale and shape parameters are figured out by multiple regression technique. Test results are analysed using goodness of fit test. Results indicate that rut depth predicted from two parameter Weibull distribution technique corelates well with the actual rut depth with R2 value of 0.88 for both cooper wheel tracker and asphalt pavement analyser test. It has been found that Weibull distribution bests fit the NHA-A, NHA-B and SP-B graded mixtures with NRL 60/70 at 50°C. A good correlation has been observed between Cooper Wheel tracker and Asphalt pavement analyser as translated by R2 of 0.86. This research is important in a sense that several agencies have adopted rutting as a failure criteria for flexible pavements. By mathematically modelling the rutting response, predicting the rutting behaviour of mastics becomes simpler and more efficient in approach.
Self-commissioning of induction motor drives-A critical review
Authors: Chougala Arati , Nemali Keerthi , Jadhav Sonal , Vora Dhruval , Raja Singh R , Rajesh Kanna R 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Now days efficient performance of machinery is must need especially in industry. Variable speed drives are used to drive the motor efficiently. Control strategy of variable speed drive plays an important role in it. So, it should be selected carefully according to the application. For controlling of motor encoders are used generally, but due to some disadvantages estimation techniques are used in recent time. Also estimation techniques having too types online and offline. For accurate estimation online parameter estimation technique is used, but they are little bit complex. That is also called self-commissioning of the motor. Here in this paper two techniques for self-commissioning of induction motor from different manufactures are compared. For Danfoss frequency injection method and for Rockwell voltage current lag angle method is used. Review on both these methods is presented in this paper.
Review of Power Factor Correction (PFC) AC/DC-DC Power Electronic Converters for Electric Vehicle Applications
Authors: Bharathidasan M. , Indragandhi V. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article fully discusses the general review on power factor correction of single-phase AC/DC-DC power electronic converters for electric vehicle applications. To magnify power quality in the declaration of Power Factor Correction (PFC) make the proposal of assorted for demand of solid-state DC-DC converters. These converters are look forward to minimize the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) at the both input and output side and then to synchronize the DC voltage in DC-DC converters representation of both Uni/Bi-Directional power flow are analyzed. A complete review of Improved Power Quality Converter (IPQC) configuration, design feature, and specific value of selection are presented in this paper. The battery charger necessity to have a converter flow of power ability, a solution needs for an on/off-board charger of an Electric Vehicles (EVs).Due to high power density and efficiency, a DC-DC converters is preferred for medium power and high voltage applications, the most attractive feature of DC-DC converters that makes it suitable for handling medium power supplies is its soft-switching capability. This paper is aimed to research, design and to improve the working applications on clean energy and smart grid field.
Power Monitoring and Control System for Medium Voltage Smart Grid Using IoT
Authors: Babu Challa , Dinesh Kumar D. , Kumar K , Jyotheeshwara Reddy K , Sudha R 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a power monitoring and control system for a medium voltage smart grid system. The smart grid interconnects the power sources between solar PV panel and 220V distribution network. This system consisting major components of inverters, measuring meters, solar charge controllers, relays, Arduino NANO and Raspberry Pi. The Current, power and energy readings are duly recorded. The Internet of Things (IoT) plays the vital role in the data communication between the sensors and electric power system. The voltage and current sensor data is used for the protection of power system network. In the traditional systems only the communication is uni-directional. The reliability of power supply is increased by used the bi directional network communication medium such as IoT. The tabulated results of voltage levels between 203.5V up to 212.8V shows the feasibility and effectiveness of proposed design. The proposed IoT model demonstrated the bidirectional communication from the sensors to the control unit and vice versa.
Design of a Microgrid Architecture for Rental E-Bike Charging Stations
Authors: Bhatti Ghanishtha , Raja Singh R 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper focuses on developing a sustainable charging station for public motorbike rental services. Electric motorbikes or electric bicycles (both referred to as E-bike) are compact electric vehicles which are primarily battery powered and driven solely by electric motors. The work proposes a microgrid architecture to develop a novel model for the rental E-bike charging station that acts as a charger for multiple nodes simultaneously as well as acting as a docking/parking station for these vehicles. The model has been built to propose a system which increases the energy savings to rental companies while reducing reliance on public grid during peak hours. The use of distributed generation makes the system more resistant to failure while moving towards a future of eco-friendly and power efficient technology.
Energy Optimal Intelligent Switching Mechanism for Induction Motors with Time Varying Load
Authors: Raja Singh R. , Thanga Raj C. , Palka Ryszard , Indragandhi V. , Wardach Marcin , Paplicki Piotr 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In medium and small process industries Induction Motor (IMs) enabled star-delta energy conservation scheme is a common practice. In such industrial applications, the Power Quality Disturbances (PQD) must be considered for hassle free operation. This paper is an attempt in the above direction on star-delta energy conservation applied to IMS (2.2 kW and 37.5 kW) operated with time varying loads. In apart to machine’s performance evaluation, variation of switchover point for uninterrupted operation and optimized energy savings under various electrical perturbations is realized. Moreover, safe restarting feature is equipped in controller for resuming the machine during unplanned shutdown or any interruption.
Study of RCD on Industrial Commercial and Residential Electrical Safety – A Hazard Awareness
Authors: Devadas Preethi , Abeth Rathi , Singh Shruthi , Siluvairajan Abeth , Singh Raja 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Every human relies on electricity to power the operation and comfort of their businesses and homes. And they expect their electrical installations to be secure, to protect people from the risk of shock or electrocution, and to protect buildings against the risk of electrical fire. Although the municipal laws on electrical health and defensive equipment continue to improve, many risks still remain today. Hence the paper reflects on the real development in the electrical safety industry through innovative engineering technologies covering all sorts of industrial, business, residential safety. Thus, during the electrical faults, the paper studies the function and importance of highly sensitive residual current device (RCD) and its defensive techniques. RCD is a protective device that detect the electrical faults and switch off the electricity automatically.
Implementation of FOC based speed control for an E-Rickshaw brushless DC drive
Authors: Prem Prasanna T. J. , Anikhindi Devavrat Shyam , Afzal Ahamed S. , Ashok B. , Raja Singh R. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper describes an approach to implement Field Oriented Control (FOC) using PID Controller for a brushless direct control (BLDC) motor. The research proposes reduction in total harmonic distortion of the supply current using space vector pulse width modulation technique. Minimization of total harmonic distortion becomes mandatory for a smooth operation in electric vehicle applications. As the harmonics are generated in the supply current, caused by non-linear load in E-Rickshaw. The lower, the value of total harmonic distortion givers better performance of the motor when operated under light load. Here the different strategies employed for controlling BLDC motor speed is analyzed and compared. It also proved that the space vector pulse width modulation technique improves the reliability due to the balanced switching frequency achieved from the solid-state switches in the inverter. Through simulating, the proposed control strategy is analyzed and compared with the existing techniques results in smooth change in current during sudden loading, which improves system performance and as a result the torque ripple gets minimized. The comparative study was made in the Matlab/Simulink 2019b, by designing the mathematical model of motor, inverter and the switching sequence, and the max-min algorithm for the SVPWM.
Development of Automatic Tube Oil Skimmer
Authors: Vignesh T , Bhuvaneswari M , Manojkumar S. , Kishore S. , Bommuraj N. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The paper work represent the removing oil from the water which is wasted from the machines. The machines get more heated while running, oil and water is used to cool the machine. This investigations is removing oil from water surface is done by skimmer. The oil skimmer is having tube under different operation condition (thickness of oil film, temperature of oil, rotational speed of tube, water PH, oil tube and tube material tube). The oil skimmer has floating tube with fixed length, flexible and discrete segmented model. The design of the wheel according to the tube size and tube length is fixed according to the tank size. Wheel is connected with the belt which is immersed in the oil and water mixer tank. While running the pulley wheel belt is coming upper, the wiper is attached in the frame. Wiper removes the oil coming from the belt. This method is most efficient method to solve the human fatigue and cost effective method.
Potential Biases Arising From Epidemic Dynamics in Observational Seroprotection Studies
Authors: Kahn Rebecca , Kennedy-Shaffer Lee , Grad Yonatan H , Robins James M , Lipsitch Marc 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The extent and duration of immunity following infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are critical outstanding questions about the epidemiology of this novel virus, and studies are needed to evaluate the effects of serostatus on reinfection. Understanding the potential sources of bias and methods for alleviating biases in these studies is important for informing their design and analysis. Confounding by individual-level risk factors in observational studies like these is relatively well appreciated. Here, we show how geographic structure and the underlying, natural dynamics of epidemics can also induce noncausal associations. We take the approach of simulating serological studies in the context of an uncontrolled or controlled epidemic, under different assumptions about whether prior infection does or does not protect an individual against subsequent infection, and using various designs and analytical approaches to analyze the simulated data. We find that in studies assessing whether seropositivity confers protection against future infection, comparing seropositive persons with seronegative persons with similar time-dependent patterns of exposure to infection by stratifying or matching on geographic location and time of enrollment is essential in order to prevent bias.
Preeclampsia and Increased Permeability Over the Blood–Brain Barrier: A Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Receptor 2
Authors: Bergman Lina , Acurio Jesenia , Leon Jose , Gatu Emily , Friis Therese , Nelander Maria , Wikström Johan , Larsson Anders , Lara Evelyn , Aguayo Claudio , Torres-Vergara Pablo , Wikström Anna-Karin , Escudero Carlos 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Cerebral complications in preeclampsia are leading causes of maternal mortality worldwide but pathophysiology is largely unknown and a challenge to study. Using an in vitro model of the human blood–brain barrier (BBB), we explored the role of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in preeclampsia.

METHODS
The human brain endothelial cell line (hCMEC/D3) cultured on Tranwells insert was exposed (12 hours) to plasma from women with preeclampsia (n = 28), normal pregnancy (n = 28), and nonpregnant (n = 16) controls. Transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and permeability to 70 kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran were measured for the assessment of BBB integrity. We explored possible underlying mechanisms, with a focus on the expression of tight junction proteins and phosphorylation of 2 tyrosine residues of VEGFR2, associated with vascular permeability and migration (pY951) and cell proliferation (pY1175). Plasma concentrations of soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and placental growth factor (PlGF) were also measured.

RESULTS
hCMEC/D3 exposed to plasma from women with preeclampsia exhibited reduced TEER and increased permeability to 70 kDa FITC-dextran. These cells upregulated the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels of VEGFR2, and pY951-VEGFR2, but reduced pY1175-VEGFR2 (P &lt; 0.05 in all cases). No difference in mRNA expression of tight junction protein was observed between groups. There was no correlation between angiogenic biomarkers and BBB permeability.

CONCLUSIONS
We present a promising in vitro model of the BBB in preeclampsia. Selective tyrosine phosphorylation of VEGFR2 may participate in the increased BBB permeability in preeclampsia irrespective of plasma concentrations of angiogenic biomarkers.