bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global sea-surface iodide observations, 1967–2018
Authors: Chance Rosie J. , Tinel Liselotte , Sherwen Tomás , Baker Alex R. , Bell Thomas , Brindle John , Campos Maria Lucia A. M. , Croot Peter , Ducklow Hugh , Peng He , Hopkins Frances , Hoogakker Babette , Hughes Claire , Jickells Timothy D. , Loades David , Macaya Dharma Andrea Reyes , Mahajan Anoop S. , Malin Gill , Phillips Daniel , Roberts Ieuan , Roy Rajdeep , Sarkar Amit , Sinha Alok Kumar , Song Xiuxian , Winkelbauer Helge , Wuttig Kathrin , Yang Mingxi , Peng Zhou , Carpenter Lucy J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe marine iodine cycle has significant impacts on air quality and atmospheric chemistry. Specifically, the reaction of iodide with ozone in the top few micrometres of the surface ocean is an important sink for tropospheric ozone (a pollutant gas) and the dominant source of reactive iodine to the atmosphere. Sea surface iodide parameterisations are now being implemented in air quality models, but these are currently a major source of uncertainty. Relatively little observational data is available to estimate the global surface iodide concentrations, and this data has not hitherto been openly available in a collated, digital form. Here we present all available sea surface (<20 m depth) iodide observations. The dataset includes values digitised from published manuscripts, published and unpublished data supplied directly by the originators, and data obtained from repositories. It contains 1342 data points, and spans latitudes from 70°S to 68°N, representing all major basins. The data may be used to model sea surface iodide concentrations or as a reference for future observations.
Neutron detection performance of gallium nitride based semiconductors
Authors: Zhou Chuanle , Melton Andrew G. , Burgett Eric , Hertel Nolan , Ferguson Ian T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNeutron detection is crucial for particle physics experiments, nuclear power, space and international security. Solid state neutron detectors are of great interest due to their superior mechanical robustness, smaller size and lower voltage operation compared to gas detectors. Gallium nitride (GaN), a mature wide bandgap optoelectronic and electronic semiconductor, is attracting research interest for neutron detection due to its radiation hardness and thermal stability. This work investigated thermal neutron scintillation detectors composed of GaN thin films with and without conversion layers or rare-earth doping. Intrinsic GaN-based neutron scintillators are demonstrated via the intrinsic 14N(n, p) reaction, which has a small thermal neutron cross-section at low neutron energies, but is comparable to other reactions at high neutron energies (>1 MeV). Gamma discrimination is shown to be possible with pulse-height in intrinsic GaN-based scintillation detectors. Additionally, GaN-based scintillation detector with a 6LiF neutron conversion layer and Gd-doped GaN detector are compared with intrinsic GaN detectors. These results indicate GaN scintillator is a suitable candidate neutron detector in high-flux applications.
Pressure Measurement-Based Method for Battery-Free Food Monitoring Powered by NFC Energy Harvesting
Authors: Nguyen Thanh-Binh , Tran Viet-Thang , Chung Wan-Young 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA novel approach for battery-free food freshness monitoring is proposed and demonstrated in this study. The aim is to track the freshness of different sorts of food such as pork, chicken, and fish during storage. To eliminate the drawbacks of conventional food monitoring methods, which are normally based on measuring gas concentration emitted from food in a container, this approach measures the gradual increase in air pressure caused by the gas emission during storage. Additionally, we aim to design a smart sensor tag that can operate in fully passive mode without an external power source. To achieve this goal, near-field communication (NFC)-based energy harvesting is utilized in this work to achieve a self-powered operation of the sensor tag. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method, experiments with the above-mentioned food were tested at room and refrigerated temperatures in 2 and 4 days, respectively. For each experiment, 200 g of the target food was placed in a 2-L container with the smart sensor tag. The experiments were conducted with both rigid and flexible containers to consider real food packaging environments. The air pressure inside the container was monitored as an indicator of food freshness by a sensitive pressure sensor on the smart sensor tag. The experimental results showed a remarkable increase in air pressure, which was able to be detected with high accuracy by the pressure sensor. The fabricated battery-free smart sensor tag is small (2.5 cm × 2.5 cm) and is capable of less than 1 mW of power consumption, which is ultra-low relative to other ordinary approaches that have a power consumption that normally surpasses 10 mW. The pressure value was used to classify food freshness into different levels on a mobile display to provide food freshness status using an NFC-enabled smartphone.
Direct-tuning methods for semiconductor metamaterials
Authors: Min Li , Wang Wenjin , Huang Lirong , Ling Yonghong , Liu Tongjun , Liu Jing , Luo Chaoming , Zeng Qingdong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAmong various tunable optical devices, tunable metamaterials have exhibited their excellent ability to dynamically manipulate lights in an efficient manner. However, for unchangeable optical properties of metals, electromagnetic resonances of popular metallic metamaterials are usually tuned indirectly by varying the properties or structures of substrates around the resonant unit cells, and the tuning of metallic metamaterials has significantly low efficiency. In this paper, a direct-tuning method for semiconductor metamaterials is proposed. The resonance strength and resonance frequencies of the metamaterials can be significantly tuned by controlling free carriers’ distributions in unit cells under an applied voltage. This direct-tuning method has been verified in both two-dimensional and three-dimensional semiconductor metamaterials. In principle, the method allows for simplifying the structure of tunable metamaterials and opens the path to applications in ultrathin, linearly-tunable, and on-chip integrated optical components (e.g., tunable ultrathin lenses, nanoscale spatial light modulators and optical cavities with resonance modes switchable).
First nitrosoproteomic profiling deciphers the cysteine S-nitrosylation involved in multiple metabolic pathways of tea leaves
Authors: Qiu Chen , Sun Jianhao , Wang Yu , Sun Litao , Xie Hui , Ding Yiqian , Qian Wenjun , Ding Zhaotang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCysteine S-nitrosylation is a reversible protein post-translational modification and critically regulates the activity, localization and stability of proteins. Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) is one of the most thoroughly studied evergreen crop due to its broad non-alcoholic beverage and huge economic impact in the world. However, little is known about the S-nitrosylome in this plant. Here, we performed a global analysis of cysteine S-nitrosylation in tea leaves. In total, 228 cysteine S-nitrosylation sites were identified in 191 proteins, representing the first extensive data on the S-nitrosylome in tea plants. These S-nitrosylated proteins were located in various subcellular compartments, especially in the chloroplast and cytoplasm. Furthermore, the analysis of functional enrichment and PPI network revealed that the S-nitrosylated proteins were mainly involved in multiple metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, pyruvate metabolism, Calvin cycle and TCA cycle. Overall, this study not only systematically identified the proteins of S-nitrosylation in cysteines of tea leaves, but also laid the solid foundation for further verifying the roles of S-nitrosylation in cysteines of tea plants.
Optimization of biochar preparation from the stem of Eichhornia crassipes using response surface methodology on adsorption of Cd2+
Authors: Zhou Runjuan , Zhang Ming , Zhou Jinhong , Wang Jinpeng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this study, preparation of Eichhornia crassipes stem biochar (ECSBC) was optimized and applied for the removal of Cd2+ from aqueous solution. To obtain the best adsorption capacity of ECSBC, the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the preparation conditions of ECSBC (OECSBC). The interactions among heating time (X1), heating temperature (X2) and heating rate (X3) were designed by Box-Behnken Design (BBD) experiments. The software gave seventeen runs experiment within the optimal conditions towards two response variables (removal rate and adsorption capacity for Cd2+). The results showed that the mathematical model could fit the experimental data very well and the significance of the influence factors followed the order as heating temperature (X2) > heating rate (X3) > heating time (X1), and the influence of interaction term is: X1 and X2 (heating time and heating temperature) > X2 and X3 (heating temperature and heating rate) > X1 and X3 (heating time and heating rate). Based on the analysis of variance and the method of numerical expected function, the optimal conditions were heating time of 2.42 h, heating temperature of 393 °C, and heating rate of 15.56 °C/min. Under the optimum conditions, the predicted the maximum removal rate and adsorption capacity were 85.2724% and 21.168 mg/g, respectively, and the experimental value of removal rate and adsorption capacity for Cd2+ were 80.70% and 20.175 mg/g, respectively, the deviation from the predicted value were 5.36% and 4.69%. The results confirmed that the RSM can optimize the preparation conditions of ECSBC, and the adsorption capacity of OECSB was improved.
Superior Performances of B-doped LiNi0.84Co0.10Mn0.06O2 cathode for advanced LIBs
Authors: Lee Seung-Hwan , Jin Bong-Soo , Kim Hyun-Soo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBoron-doped Ni-rich LiNi0.84Co0.10Mn0.06O2 (B-NCM) cathode material is prepared and its electrochemical performances are investigated. The structural properties indicate that the incorporation of boron leads to highly-ordered layered structure and low cation disordering. All samples have high areal loadings of active materials (approximately 14.6 mg/cm2) that meets the requirement for commercialization. Among them, the 1.0 wt% boron-doped NCM (1.0B-NCM) shows the best electrochemical performances. The 1.0B-NCM delivers a discharge capacity of 205. 3 mAh g−1, cyclability of 93.1% after 50 cycles at 0.5 C and rate capability of 87.5% at 2 C. As a result, we can conclude that the 1.0B-NCM cathode can be regarded as a promising candidate for the next-generation lithium ion batteries.
Genetic structure of Mataco-Guaycurú speakers from Argentina and the extent of their genetic admixture with neighbouring urban populations
Authors: Sala Andrea , Caputo Mariela , Corach Daniel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractArgentina hosts more than 30 Native American groups, who are widely distributed throughout the country. Mataco-Guaycurú speakers settled in the ecoregion of Gran Chaco and represent 26.7% of the extant aboriginal population of the country. To further investigate the genetic attributes of these speakers, we focused our attention on four aboriginal groups, namely, Wichí, Toba, Pilagá and Mocoví, belonging to the Mataco-Guaycurú linguistic group. Our main goal was to evaluate the interrelationships among the groups and the relationships of these groups with admixed urban populations and to assess correspondences between molecular analysis and historical information. A total of 890 samples (282 Native Americans and 608 inhabitants of admixed urban areas) were analysed. Genetic information was gathered from 15 autosomal STRs, 17 Y-STRs, entire mtDNA control region sequences, 24 AIM-SNPs and 46 AIM-DIPs. Native American signatures were detected in 97.9% of mtDNA lineages, 89.1% of Y-haplotypes and 90.3% to 96.9% of autosomal markers. Wichí exhibited the genetic composition with the largest Native American contribution among the groups and a weak signal of gene flow. This work provides extended genetic information of potential interest in the fields of molecular anthropology and forensic genetics.
Mechanism of AMPK-mediated apoptosis of rat gastric smooth muscle cells under high glucose condition
Authors: Zhang Xiang-zi , Zhang Mo-han , Fang Xue-sen , Cui Xiang-shu , Jin Zheng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To observe changes in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and phosphorylation changes in AMPK signaling pathway in gastric smooth muscle cells of rats with diabetic gastroparesis (DGP), investigate the effect of AMPK on apoptosis and explore the underlying mechanism. After establishing rat model of DGP, rats were divided into normal control (NC) and DGP groups. The phosphorylation changes in AMPK pathway were detected by AMPK Signaling Phospho-Antibody Array, and the apoptosis-related proteins were determined. Rat gastric smooth muscle cells were cultured in vitro under different glucose conditions, and divided into normal and high glucose groups. The AMPK activity and intracellular Ca2+ changes in cells were observed. After AMPK silencing, cells were divided into high glucose-24h, high glucose-48h and high glucose-48h+siRNA groups. Changes in expression of apoptosis-related proteins were observed. AMPK activity and apoptosis rates were both increased in gastric smooth muscle tissues in DGP rats (P&lt;0.05, P&lt;0.001, respectively). A total of 14 apoptosis-related differentially phosphorylated proteins were identified. Under high-glucose condition, AMPK activity and intracellular Ca2+ concentrations in rat gastric smooth muscle cells were increased (both P&lt;0.05). After AMPK silencing, p53 expression was decreased, Akt and p70 S6 ribosomal protein kinase (p70S6K) activities were were increased, Bcl-2 expression was increased, CaMKII activity was decreased in the high glucose-48h group. Under high-glucose condition, activated AMPK can directly or indirectly promote cells apoptosis by regulating the expression and activity of p53, Akt, p70S6K, Protein kinase A (PKA), Phospholipidol C (PLC)-β3, CaMKII, CaMKIV and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein1 (4E-BP1) in rat gastric smooth muscle cells.
Dapagliflozin not only improves hepatic injury and pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum stress, but also induces hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes expression in obese rats
Authors: Swe Myat Theingi , Thongnak Laongdao , Jaikumkao Krit , Pongchaidecha Anchalee , Chatsudthipong Varanuj , Lungkaphin Anusorn 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: With an increasing prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome, exploring the effects and delineating the mechanisms of possible therapeutic agents are of critical importance. We examined the effects of SGLT2 inhibitor-dapagliflozin on insulin resistance, hepatic gluconeogenesis, hepatic injury and pancreatic ER stress in high-fat diet-induced obese rats.
Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats were fed with normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet for 16 weeks. Then high-fat rats were given vehicle (HF) or dapagliflozin (1 mg/kg/day; HFDapa) or metformin (30 mg/kg/day; HFMet) for another 4 weeks.
Results: We found that dapagliflozin ameliorated high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance. The fasting plasma glucose level was comparable among groups, although dapagliflozin treatment led to substantial glycosuria. Hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes, PEPCK, G6Pase and FBPase, expression was not different in HF rats compared with ND rats. Meanwhile, dapagliflozin-treated group exhibited the elevation of these enzymes in parallel with the rise of transcription factor CREB, co-factor PGC1α and upstream regulator SIRT1. Hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation and NAFLD activity score as well as hepatic and pancreatic ER stress and apoptosis in obese rats were attenuated by dapagliflozin.
Conclusion: We conclude that dapagliflozin improved obesity-related insulin resistance, hepatic and pancreatic injury independent of fasting plasma glucose level. Of note, dapagliflozin-induced glycosuria apparently triggered the up-regulation of hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes to prevent hypoglycemia.
A Qualitative Examination of User Perceptions of User-Driven and App-Controlled Hearing Technologies
Authors: Keidser Gitte , Matthews Nicole , Convery Elizabeth 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The aim of this study was to examine how hearing aid candidates perceive user-driven and app-controlled hearing aids and the effect these concepts have on traditional hearing health care delivery.

Method
Eleven adults (3 women, 8 men), recruited among 60 participants who had completed a research study evaluating an app-controlled, self-fitting hearing aid for 12 weeks, participated in a semistructured interview. Participants were over 55 years of age and had varied experience with hearing aids and smartphones. A template analysis was applied to data.

Results
Five themes emerged from the interviews: (a) prerequisites to the successful implementation of user-driven and app-controlled technologies, (b) benefits and advantages of user-driven and app-controlled technologies, (c) barriers to the acceptance and use of user-driven and app-controlled technologies, (d) beliefs that age is a significant factor in how well people will adopt new technology, and (e) consequences that flow from the adoption of user-driven and app-controlled technologies. Specifically, suggested benefits of the technology included fostering empowerment and providing cheaper and more discrete options, while challenges included lack of technological self-efficacy among older adults. Training and support were emphasized as necessary for successful adaptation and were suggested to be a focus of audiologic services in the future.

Conclusion
User perceptions of user-driven and app-controlled hearing technologies challenge the audiologic profession to provide adequate support and training for use of the technology and manufacturers to make the technology more accessible to older people.
Systematic Audiological Assessment of Auditory Functioning in Patients With Parkinson's Disease
Authors: De Keyser Kim , De Letter Miet , De Groote Evelien , Santens Patrick , Talsma Durk , Botteldooren Dick , Bockstael Annelies 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
Alterations in primary auditory functioning have been reported in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Despite the current findings, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these alterations remain unclear, and the effect of dopaminergic medication on auditory functioning in PD has been explored insufficiently. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically investigate primary auditory functioning in patients with PD by using both subjective and objective audiological measurements.

Method
In this case–control study, 25 patients with PD and 25 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls underwent an audiological test battery consisting of tonal audiometry, short increment sensitivity index, otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), and speech audiometry. Patients with PD were tested in the on- and off-medication states.

Results
Increased OAE amplitudes were found when patients with PD were tested without dopaminergic medication. In addition, speech audiometry in silence and multitalker babble noise demonstrated higher phoneme scores for patients with PD in the off-medication condition. The results showed no differences in auditory functioning between patients with PD in the on-medication condition and healthy controls. No effect of disease stage or motor score was evident.

Conclusions
This study provides evidence for a top-down involvement in auditory processing in PD at both central and peripheral levels. Most important, the increase in OAE amplitude in the off-medication condition in PD is hypothesized to be linked to a dysfunction of the olivocochlear efferent system, which is known to have an inhibitory effect on outer hair cell functioning. Future studies may clarify whether OAEs may facilitate an early diagnosis of PD.
Single‐phase integrated converter with universal battery charging capability for plug‐in electric vehicles
Authors: Verma Khemendra , Srivastava Manaswi , Singh Tomar Pavan , Sandeep N. , Verma Arun Kumar 
Published: November 2019

In this study, a new non‐isolated single‐stage integrated converter is proposed for plug‐in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) chargers with reduced weight and size. The integrated converter performs three modes of PHEV operation, i.e. plug‐in charging, propulsion, and regenerative braking modes, respectively. The proposed converter is used to charge a wide range of battery voltage. The proposed converter offers lower switching stress in the propulsion mode, which provides a greater lifetime. Despite the proposed converter having two inductors, the size of the inductors is reduced by one‐third in comparison to other benchmark topologies. Further, the design considerations of passive components are presented to achieve continuous conduction mode. A 70 kHz, 100 W experimental prototype using TMS320F28379D DSP controller is developed to validate the simulation results.
Acute Complications in Total Wrist Arthroplasty: A National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Review
Authors: Eckhoff Michael D. , Bader Julia M. , Nesti Leon J. , Dunn John C. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background The study sought to assess the patient-based variables, surgical risk factors, and postoperative conditions associated with readmission after total wrist arthroplasty (TWA).
Materials and Methods All patients undergoing TWA were identified from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program dataset from 2005 to 2016. Patient demographics, medical comorbidities, surgical characteristics, and outcomes were examined to isolate predictors for readmission within 30 days postoperatively.
Results A total of 57 patients were identified to have undergone TWA. The average patients were 62.3 (13.8) years old, female (57.7%), and most were treated in the outpatient setting (67.3%). Comorbid conditions included smoking (17.3%), diabetes (15.4%), and chronic steroid therapy (15.4%). No complications were identified in the 30-day postoperative period. There was a trend for increasing utilization of TWA over the years included.
Conclusion TWA is a safe procedure with low complication rates in the acute postoperative period. Increasing utilization is likely a result of improved outcomes and cost-effectiveness of TWA.
Level of Evidence This is a Level II, prognostic study.
Expanding Phenotypic Spectrum of Cerebral Aspartate–Glutamate Carrier Isoform 1 (AGC1) Deficiency
Authors: Pfeiffer Brian , Sen Kuntal , Kaur Shagun , Pappas Kara 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Case We are reporting the third unrelated case of cerebral aspartate–glutamate carrier isoform 1 (AGC1) deficiency. Patient is a 21-month-old Yemeni male who presented with refractory seizure disorder and developmental arrest. Neuroimaging showed cerebral volume loss and diminished N-acetylaspartate (NAA) peak. Whole exome sequencing revealed a homozygous novel missense variant in the SLC25A12 gene. Patient's seizure frequency abated drastically following initiation of ketogenic diet.
Discussion and Conclusion Cerebral AGC1 deficiency results in dysfunction of mitochondrial malate aspartate shuttle, thereby prohibiting myelin synthesis. There are significant phenotypic commonalities between our patient and previously reported cases including intractable epilepsy, psychomotor delay, cerebral atrophy, and diminished NAA peak. Our report also provides evidence regarding beneficial effect of ketogenic diet in this rare neurometabolic epilepsy.