bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação como ferramenta de aprendizagem: um estudo de casos múltiplos em agências de viagens de Natal/RN
Authors: Silva Jéssyca Rodrigues Henrique da , Lima Daene Silva de Morais , Mendes Filho Luiz 
Published: July 2020

A Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) vem sendo utilizada para as mais diversas finalidades no turismo, inclusive para aprimorar conhecimentos. O presente estudo se propôs a analisar como a TIC pode ser utilizada como ferramenta de aprendizagem em agências de viagens de Natal/RN. Para atingir ao objetivo, realizou-se um estudo de casos múltiplos com abordagem qualitativa e de caráter exploratório-descritivo. Os dados foram coletados junto a gestores de agências de viagens, mediante um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado. Os resultados do estudo mostraram que as agências fazem uso constante da tecnologia para aprimorar e adquirir conhecimentos, sendo possível transpor conhecimentos aos colaboradores, em especial sobre os destinos comercializados. Observou-se que embora o ensino a distância esteja caminhando para utilização estratégica no contexto dessas empresas, o método presencial foi elencado como mais eficiente. Conclui-se que, as TICs possibilitam um novo caminho e metodologias de ensino para organizações que precisam trabalhar o conhecimento de forma estratégica. Entretanto, essa é uma nova cultura de ensino que ainda precisa ser fortalecida nas agências de viagens.
Palavras-chave: Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação. Aprendizagem. Agências de Viagens. e-learning.
Alpha-MSH Targeted Liposomal Nanoparticle for Imaging in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Authors: Peñate-Medina Tuula , Damoah Christabel , Benezra Miriam , Will Olga , Kairemo Kalevi , Humbert Jana , Sebens Susanne , Peñate-Medina Oula 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The purpose of our study was to find a novel targeted imaging and drug delivery vehicle
for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is a common and troublesome disease that still lacks effective therapy
and imaging options. As an attempt to improve the disease treatment, we tested αMSH for the targeting of
nanoliposomes to IBD sites. αMSH, an endogenous tridecapeptide, binds to the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1-R)
and has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating effects. MC1-R is found on macrophages, neutrophils and the
renal tubule system. We formulated and tested a liposomal nanoparticle involving αMSH in order to achieve a
specific targeting to the inflamed intestines.

Methods:
NDP-αMSH peptide conjugated to Alexa Fluor™ 680 was linked to the liposomal membrane via NSuccinyl
PE and additionally loaded into the lumen of the liposomes. Liposomes without the αMSH-conjugate
and free NDP-αMSH were used as a control. The liposomes were also loaded with ICG to track them. The
liposomes were tested in DSS treated mice, which had received DSS via drinking water order to develop a model
IBD. Inflammation severity was assessed by the Disease Activity Index (DAI) score and ex vivo histological
CD68 staining of samples taken from different parts of the intestine. The liposome targeting was analyzed by
analyzing the ICG and ALEXA 680 fluorescence in the intestine compared to the biodistribution.

Results:
NPD-αMSH was successfully labeled with Alexa and retained its biological activity. Liposomes were
identified in expected regions in the inflamed bowel regions and in the kidneys, where MC1-R is abundant. In
vivo liposome targeting correlated with the macrophage concentration at the site of the inflammation supporting
the active targeting of the liposomes through αMSH. The liposomal αMSH was well tolerated by animals.

Conclusions:
This study opens up the possibility to further develop an αMSH targeted theranostic delivery to
different clinically relevant applications in IBD inflammation but also opens possibilities for use in other inflammations
like lung inflammation in Covid 19.
Stereoselective Pharmacokinetics and Chiral Inversions of Some Chiral Hydroxy Group Drugs
Authors: Chen Fuxin , Bai Qiaoxiu , Wang Qingfeng , Chen Suying , Ma Xiaoxian , Cai Changlong , Wang Danni , Waqas Ahsan , Gong Pin 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Chiral safety, especially chiral drug inversion in vivo, is the top priority of
current scientific research. Medicine researchers and pharmacists often ignore that one enantiomer will
be converted or partially converted to another enantiomer when it is ingested in vivo. So that, in the
context that more than 50% of the listed drugs are chiral drugs, it is necessary and important to pay attention
to the inversion of chiral drugs.

Methods:
The metabolic and stereoselective pharmacokinetic characteristics of seven chiral drugs with
one chiral center in the hydroxy group were reviewed in vivo and in vitro including the possible chiral
inversion of each drug enantiomer. These seven drugs include (S)-Mandelic acid, RS-8359, Tramadol,
Venlafaxine, Carvedilol, Fluoxetine and Metoprolol.

Results:
The differences in stereoselective pharmacokinetics could be found for all the seven chiral
drugs, since R and S isomers often exhibit different PK and PD properties. However, not every drug
has shown the properties of one direction or two direction chiral inversion. For chiral hydroxyl group
drugs, the redox enzyme system may be one of the key factors for chiral inversion in vivo.

Conclusion:
In vitro and in vivo chiral inversion is a very complex problem and may occur during every
process of ADME. Nowadays, research on chiral metabolism in the liver has the most attention,
while neglecting the chiral transformation of other processes. Our review may provide the basis for the
drug R&D and the safety of drugs in clinical therapy.
Enhanced Intracellular Delivery of Curcumin by Chitosan-Lipoic Acid as Reduction-Responsive Nanoparticles
Authors: Rezaei Somayeh , Kashanian Soheila , Bahrami Yadollah , Zhaleh Hossein , Cruz Luis J. 
Published: July 2020

Aims:
Enhancement of anti-tumor activity of the chemotherapeutic agent CUR by redoxsensitive
nanoparticle to get a deeper insight into cancer therapy.

Background:
Tumor targetability and stimulus are widely used to study the delivery of drugs for cancer
diagnosis and treatment because poor cellular uptake and inadequate intracellular drug release lead
to inefficient delivery of anticancer agents to tumor tissue.

Objective:
Studies distinguishing between tumor and normal tissues or redox-sensitive systems using
glutathione (GSH) as a significant signal.

Methods:
In this study, we designed Chitosan-Lipoic acid Nanoparticles (CS-LANPs) to improve drug
delivery for breast cancer treatment by efficient delivery of Curcumin (CUR). The properties of blank
CS-LANPs were studied in detail. The size and the Polydispersity Index (PDI) of the CS-LANPs were
optimized.

Results:
The results indicate the mean size and PDI of the blank CS-LANPs were around 249 nm and
0.125, respectively. However, the Drug Loading (DL) and Encapsulation Efficiency (EE) of the CSLANPs
were estimated to be about 18.22% and 99.80%, respectively. Compared to non-reductive conditions,
the size of reduction-sensitive CS-LANPs increased significantly under reductive conditions.
Therefore, the drug release of CS-LANPs in the presence of glutathione was much faster than that of
non-GSH conditions .Moreover, the antitumor effect of CS-LANPs on MCF-7 cells was determined
in vitro by MTT assay, cell cytotoxicity, Caspase-3 Assay, detection of mitochondrial membrane potential
and quantification of apoptosis incidence.

Conclusion:
CS-LANPs showed a remarkably increased accumulation in tumor cells and had a better
tumor inhibitory activity in vitro. CS-LANPs could successfully deliver drugs to cancer cells and
revealed better efficiency than free CUR.
LncRNA SNHG12 Improves Cerebral Ischemic-reperfusion Injury by Activating SIRT1/FOXO3a Pathway through I nhibition of Autophagy and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Wu Yuanhua , Huang Yuan , Cai Jing , Zhang Donglan , Liu Shixi , Pang Bo 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury involves complex biological processes
and molecular mechanisms such as autophagy. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis
of I/R injury. LncRNAs are the regulatory factor of cerebral I/R injury.

Methods:
This study constructs cerebral I/R model to investigate role of autophagy and oxidative
stress in cerebral I/R injury and the underline regulatory mechanism of SIRT1/ FOXO3a pathway.
In this study, lncRNA SNHG12 and FOXO3a expression was up-regulated and SIRT1 expression
was down-regulated in HT22 cells of I/R model.

Results:
Overexpression of lncRNA SNHG12 significantly increased the cell viability and inhibited
cerebral ischemicreperfusion injury induced by I/Rthrough inhibition of autophagy. In addition,
the transfected p-SIRT1 significantly suppressed the release of LDH and SOD compared with cells
co-transfected with SIRT1 and FOXO3a group and cells induced by I/R and transfected with p-SNHG12
group and overexpression of cells co-transfected with SIRT1 and FOXO3 further decreased
the I/R induced release of ROS and MDA.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, lncRNA SNHG12 increased cell activity and inhibited oxidative stress
through inhibition of SIRT1/FOXO3a signaling-mediated autophagy in HT22 cells of I/R model.
This study might provide new potential therapeutic targets for further investigating the mechanisms
in cerebral I/R injury and provide.
Implication of Prophetic Variables and their Impulsive Interplay in CA Prostate Patients Experiencing Osteo-Metastasis
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad A.B. , Zahid Ayesha , Ashraf Shazia , Waquar Sulayman , Iqbal Saima , Malik Arif 
Published: July 2020

Aims:
To identify variables having a critical role in prostate cancer patients experiencing osteometastasis.

Background:
Prostatic carcinoma is a multifactorial complex disorder that exhibits an increased propensity to
develop bone metastasis. An interplay of inflammatory and bone remodeling parameters promotes the formation
of pre-metastatic niches in bones of patients, which could render them more vulnerable to skeletal disabilities.

Objective:
To evaluate the multi-dynamic inter-relationship of circulating variables in prostate cancer patients
experiencing osteo-metastasis.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty-seven (n=57) men with clinically confirmed prostate cancer, fifty-nine (n=59)
with skeletal metastases, and one hundred (n=100) healthy subjects i.e., men aging from 53-84 years with no
clinical evidence of prostate were recruited from the Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Informed consent was
obtained, and a venous blood sample was drawn and stored at -70oC until assayed. Levels of variables were
evaluated using appropriate methods. Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs), Osteopontin (OPN), TGH-
β, and sRANKL were estimated by the ELISA method. Each sample was suspended and the given protocol was
employed. ELISA readings were obtained for the estimation of all variables.

Conclusion:
The altered oxidative and inflammatory responses endorse Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs)
increased activity, RANKL/OPG imbalance, and enhanced bone matrix proteins turnover, which can foster the
process of osteo-metastasis. The perturbed RANKL/OPG drift and enhanced PSA levels are associated with
increased TGF-β activity to aggravate Epithelial Mesenchymal transition (EM) and osteo-tropism of prostate cancer.
Thus, designing novel targets of these major variables can minimize the incidence of prostate cancer patients.

Results:
Highly significant (P˂0.05) differential expression of oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and
bone remodeling variables were observed in localized and osteo-metastatic CA prostate patients. A strong positive
correlation was revealed among OPN, sRANKL, MMP-7, MMP-9, PSA, and TGF-β (OPN vs. MMP-7,
r=0.698* and OPN vs. MMP-9, r=0.765**, OPN vs. RANKL, =0.856*, sRANKL vs. MMP-9, r=0.825**, TGF-
β vs. RANKL, r=0.868* and PSA vs. TGF- β, r=0.752*); lower levels of OPG were estimated in metastasized
patients, showing that both osteolytic and osteoblastic phases of bone remodeling occur simultaneously.
In Silico Identification of a Potent Arsenic Based Approved Drug Darinaparsin against SARS-CoV-2: Inhibitor of RNA Dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and Essential Proteases
Authors: Chowdhury Trinath , Roymahapatra Gourisankar , Mandal Santi M. 
Published: July 2020

Background:COVID-19 is a life-threatening novel corona viral infection to our civilization and spreading rapidly. Tremendousefforts have been made by the researchers to search for a drug to control SARS-CoV-2.Methods:Here, a series of arsenical derivatives were optimized and analyzed with in silico study to search the inhibitor of RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), the major replication factor of SARS-CoV-2. All the optimized derivatives were blindly docked with RdRp of SARS-CoV-2 using iGEMDOCK v2.1.Results:Based on the lower idock score in the catalytic pocket of RdRp, darinaparsin (-82.52 kcal/- mol) was revealed to be the most effective among them. Darinaparsin strongly binds with both Nsp9 replicase protein (-8.77 kcal/mol) and Nsp15 endoribonuclease (-8.3 kcal/mol) of SARS-- CoV-2 as confirmed from the AutoDock analysis. During infection, the ssRNA of SARS-CoV-2 is translated into large polyproteins forming viral replication complex by specific proteases like 3CL protease and papain protease. This is also another target to control the virus infection where darinaparsin also performs the inhibitory role to proteases of 3CL protease (-7.69 kcal/mol) and papain protease (-8.43 kcal/mol).Conclusion:In the host cell, the furin protease serves as a gateway to the viral entry and darinaparsin docked with furin protease, which revealed a strong binding affinity. Thus, screening of potential arsenic drugs would help in providing the fast in-vitro to in-vivo analysis towards the development of therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2.
The Effect of L-Carnitine on Mortality Rate in Septic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Abdollahi Hamed , Abdolahi Mina , Sedighiyan Mohsen , Jafarieh Arash 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Recent clinical trial studies have reported that L-carnitine supplementation
can reduce the mortality rate in patients with sepsis, but there are no definitive results in this context.
The current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on 28-day and one-year mortality in septic patients.

Methods:
A systematic search conducted on Pubmed, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases up to
June 2019 without any language restriction. The publications were reviewed based on the Cochrane
handbook and preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). To
compare the effects of L-carnitine with placebo, Risk Ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)
were pooled according to the random effects model.

Results:
Across five enrolled clinical trials, we found that L-carnitine supplementation reduce one-year
mortality in septic patients with SOFA> 12 (RR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.49 to 0.96; P= 0.03) but had no significant effect on reducing 28-day mortality ((RR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.68 to 1.28; P= 0.65) compared to
placebo. Finally, we observed that based on current trials, L-carnitine supplementation may not have
clinically a significant effect on mortality rate.

Conclusions:
L-carnitine patients with higher SOFA score can reduce the mortality rate. However, the
number of trials, study duration and using a dosage of L-carnitine are limited in this context and further
large prospective trials are required to clarify the effect of L-carnitine on mortality rate in septic patients.
Extremity Exposure with 99mTc - Labelled Radiopharmaceuticals in Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Nyathi Mpumelelo , Moeng Thabiso Maria , Maboe Doctor Paul A 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Extremity exposures may raise the risk of cancer induction among radiographers
involved in the preparation and administration of technetium-99m labelled radiopharmaceuticals.

Objective:
To estimate finger doses on radiographers at a South African tertiary hospital.

Methods:
Adhesive tape was used to securely fix a calibrated thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD)
on fingertips and bases of ring and index fingers of both hands of five radiographers who prepared
and administered technetium-99m labelled radiopharmaceuticals. Rubber gloves were worn to
avoid TLD contamination. TLDs doses were read with a Harsaw TLD Reader (Model 3500) after a
week.

Results:
Five radiographers prepared and administered technitium-99m labelled radiopharmaceuticals
(activity range; 78.20 GBq - 132.78 GBq during a one-week measurement period). A radiographer
handling 132.78 GBq received 4.74±0.52 mSv on both hands; 5.52, 4.55, 5.11 and 4.60 mSv
on the fingertip of the index finger of the dominant hand (FIDH), fingertip of the ring finger of the
dominant hand (FRDH), fingertip of the index finger of the non-dominant hand (FINDH) and fingertip
of the ring finger of the non-dominant hand (FRNDH), respectively. The respective doses received
on the finger bases were 4.50 mSv, 4.60, 4.21 and 3.48 mSv. The radiographer handling
78.20 GBq received 0.85±0.18 mSv on both hands, 1.04, 1.17, 0.77 and 1 mSv for the FIDH,
FRDH, FINDH and FRNDH, respectively, while respective doses for the bases were 0.8, 0.9, 0.6
and 0.8 mSv.

Conclusion:
The extremity exposures were below the annual limit (500 mSv). However, the use of
syringe shields could still reduce the finger doses further.
Sunrays Microcomputer FDDI Optical Fiber Computer Network Security System Design
Authors: Xiang Tao 
Published: July 2020

Background:
In order to solve the safety hazard of computer network security, a special
congestion control strategy is adopted.

Methods:
This strategy is used to discuss the design and implementation technology of a network
adapter, a bridge, concentrator, a device driver, Netware interface software, and a complete set of
FDDI optical fiber computer networks. The following functions i.e. source address tracking, frame
forwarding, frame format conversion, spanning tree protocol, and other functions were achieved.

Results:
The research shows that the Sunrays micro-computer follows the SNMP simple network
management protocol, which can support multiple Ethernet protocols and multiple ports, and the
number of ports is scalable.

Conclusion:
The proposed method is useful for the multiple input and output ports in a computer
network with security enabled congestion control for data traffic.
Cross-provincial Cross-region Power Trading Optimization Modeling
Authors: Chen Jing-wen , Xiao Yan , Dang Hong-she , Zhang Rong 
Published: July 2020

Background:
China's power resources are unevenly distributed in geography, and the
supply-demand imbalance becomes worse due to regional economic disparities. It is essential to optimize
the allocation of power resources through cross-provincial and cross-regional power trading.

Methods:
This paper uses load forecasting, transaction subject data declaration, and route optimization
models to achieve optimal allocation of electricity and power resources cross-provincial and
cross-regional and maximize social benefits. Gray theory is used to predict the medium and longterm
loads, while multi-agent technology is used to report the power trading price.

Results:
Cross-provincial and cross-regional power trading become a network flow problem, through
which we can find the optimized complete trading paths.

Conclusion:
Numerical case study results has verified the efficiency of the proposed method in optimizing power
allocation across provinces and regions.
Assessment of the Fairness of Privacy Policies of Mobile Health Apps: Scale Development and Evaluation in Cancer Apps
Authors: Benjumea Jaime , Ropero Jorge , Rivera-Romero Octavio , Dorronzoro-Zubiete Enrique , Carrasco Alejandro 
Published: July 2020

Background
Cancer patients are increasingly using mobile health (mHealth) apps to take control of their health. Many studies have explored their efficiency, content, usability, and adherence; however, these apps have created a new set of privacy challenges, as they store personal and sensitive data.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to refine and evaluate a scale based on the General Data Protection Regulation and assess the fairness of privacy policies of mHealth apps.

Methods
Based on the experience gained from our previous work, we redefined some of the items and scores of our privacy scale. Using the new version of our scale, we conducted a case study in which we analyzed the privacy policies of cancer Android apps. A systematic search of cancer mobile apps was performed in the Spanish version of the Google Play website.

Results
The redefinition of certain items reduced discrepancies between reviewers. Thus, use of the scale was made easier, not only for the reviewers but also for any other potential users of our scale. Assessment of the privacy policies revealed that 29% (9/31) of the apps included in the study did not have a privacy policy, 32% (10/31) had a score over 50 out of a maximum of 100 points, and 39% (12/31) scored fewer than 50 points.

Conclusions
In this paper, we present a scale for the assessment of mHealth apps that is an improved version of our previous scale with adjusted scores. The results showed a lack of fairness in the mHealth app privacy policies that we examined, and the scale provides developers with a tool to evaluate their privacy policies.