bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emparejamiento entre competencias y empleo en el mercado laboral costarricense
Authors: Blanco Laura Cristina 
Published: December 2019

Se utilizó la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares 2011-2017 para estimar los tipos de emparejamiento laborales a partir de la definición de Chevalier (2003). Se estudian los covariantes al tipo de emparejamiento utilizando un análisis logit multinomial y se analizan las ecuaciones salariales en función del tipo de emparejamiento y el nivel de competencias. Para la población ocupada mayor de edad se encuentra una tasa de subcalificación de 28.9%, mientras que las tasas de aparente y genuina sobrecalificación son de 13.3% y 0.8%, respectivamente. Los resultados muestran que la subcalificación se encuentra asociada a un premio salarial de aproximadamente 30%, mientras que la aparente sobrecalificación y la sobrecalificación real presentan un castigo promedio equivalente al 35% y 47.5% del salario, respectivamente. Para la población con estudios superiores, el castigo a la aparente y genuina sobrecalificación se estiman en 38.9% y 49.3%, respectivamente.
Hrosvita de Gandersheim: Dulcitius, ejemplo de tradición hagiográfica y argumentativa
Authors: Campos Vargas Henry 
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo muestra cómo las acta de los mártires y Terencio han podido influir en el drama Dulcicio de Hrosvita de Gandersheim. Se destacan los cambios e innovaciones introducidos por Hrosvita. Además, se examina su argumentación como un tipo de tradición en la literatura hagiográfica. Al final del artículo, se ofrece una traducción de este drama del latín al español.
Safety-Net Care for Maintenance Dialysis in the United States
Authors: Erickson Kevin F. , Shen Jenny I. , Zhao Bo , Winkelmayer Wolfgang C. , Chertow Glenn M. , Ho Vivian , Bhattacharya Jay 
Published: December 2019

Significance Statement
Information about where patients in the United States with limited health insurance coverage receive maintenance dialysis has been lacking. The authors identified patients who were “safety-net reliant”—those who were uninsured and who did not qualify for Medicare had only Medicaid coverage—and found the proportion of patients <65 years initiating dialysis who were safety net–reliant increased between 2008 and 2015 from 11% to 14%. Although 73% of patients who were safety-net reliant received care at for-profit/chain-owned facilities, they were 30% more likely to start dialysis at nonprofit/independently owned (often hospital-affiliated) facilities compared with other facility ownership types—an association most pronounced among patients without insurance. Ongoing loss of market share of nonprofit/independently owned and hospital-based facilities may affect access to outpatient dialysis care for populations with limited health insurance coverage.

Background
Although most American patients with ESKD become eligible for Medicare by their fourth month of dialysis, some never do. Information about where patients with limited health insurance receive maintenance dialysis has been lacking.

Methods
We identified patients initiating maintenance dialysis (2008–2015) from the US Renal Data System, defining patients as “safety-net reliant” if they were uninsured or had only Medicaid coverage at dialysis onset and had not qualified for Medicare by the fourth dialysis month. We examined four dialysis facility ownership categories according to for-profit/nonprofit status and ownership (chain versus independent). We assessed whether patients who were safety-net reliant were more likely to initiate dialysis at certain facility types. We also examined hospital-based affiliation.

Results
The proportion of patients <65 years initiating dialysis who were safety-net reliant increased significantly over time, from 11% to 14%; 73% of such patients started dialysis at for-profit/chain-owned facilities compared to 76% of all patients starting dialysis. Patients who were safety-net reliant had a 30% higher relative risk of initiating dialysis at nonprofit/independently owned versus for-profit/independently owned facilities (odds ratio, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.24 to 1.36); they had slightly lower relative risks of initiating dialysis at for-profit and non-profit chain-owned facilities, and were more likely to receive dialysis at hospital-based facilities. These findings primarily reflect increased likelihood of dialysis among patients without insurance at certain facility types.

Conclusions
Although most patients who were safety-net reliant received care at for-profit/chain-owned facilities, they were disproportionately cared for at nonprofit/independently owned and hospital-based facilities. Ongoing loss of market share of nonprofit/independently owned outpatient dialysis facilities may affect safety net–reliant populations.
Síndromes de dispersión de semillas en comunidades de bosque mesófilo de montaña, en la región centro de Veracruz, México
Authors: Velázquez-Escamilla Tania Lizbeth , Díaz-Castelazo Cecilia , Ruiz-Guerra Betsabé , Velázquez-Rosas Noé 
Published: December 2019

Antecedentes: Los síndromes de dispersión permiten obtener patrones de dispersores potenciales entre comunidades, ambientes y taxones contrastantes, ayudan a entender su influencia en la composición, estructura y dinámica de las comunidades vegetales. Esta información es limitada en bosques mesófilos de montaña. Preguntas: ¿Cómo se modifica la frecuencia de los síndromes de dispersión en función de la composición de especies leñosas y estratos de las comunidades vegetales? ¿Los síndromes de dispersión son útiles para describir los dispersores potenciales en el bosque mesófilo de montaña? Sitios de estudio y periodo de investigación: El estudio fue realizado en tres comunidades de bosque mesófilo de montaña, en el centro de Veracruz (2014). Métodos: Se determinaron los síndromes de dispersión de 64 especies en los tres sitios de estudio, utilizando características morfológicas de las diásporas y apoyo bibliográfico. Se comparó la frecuencia de los síndromes entre comunidades y estratos (sotobosque y dosel). Resultados: Las frecuencias de los síndromes de dispersión no cambiaron entre comunidades, pero sí al interior de cada comunidad. La ornitocoria fue el síndrome más relevante, su importancia cambia con la densidad de las plantas y entre estratos. Con ayuda de información bibliográfica se encontró que 75% de las plantas identificadas con síndrome ornitócoro son dispersadas por aves. Conclusión: La ornitocoria fue el síndrome más frecuente, su importancia se modifica en función composición, abundancia de las especies y estratos de la comunidad. Es necesario explorar la influencia de las aves en los patrones de distribución y reclutamiento de las plantas de estos bosques.
Variación de caracteres epidérmico-foliares de Agave salmiana subsp. salmiana (Asparagaceae) en el centro de México
Authors: Chávez-Güitrón Lorena , Salinas-Pérez Florencia del C. , Pérez-Salinas Edgar A. , Caballero Javier , Vallejo-Zamora Alejandro , Sandoval-Zapotitla Estela 
Published: December 2019

Antecedentes: Agave salmiana tiene dos subespecies con gran variación morfológica. Agave salmiana subsp. salmiana es nativa de zonas áridas del centro y sur de México, con importancia alimenticia, cultural y económica, pero se desconoce el nivel de variación fenotípica de sus caracteres epidérmicos.
Pregunta: ¿Cuál es el grado de variación anatómica intra e interpoblacional en los caracteres epidérmicos, particularmente en el margen, la región intermedia y la vena media de la hoja?
Métodos: Se compararon muestras de epidermis, de tres regiones de las hojas, de cinco individuos de tres localidades del Estado de México. Se montaron como preparaciones semipermanentes; se compararon estadísticamente catorce parámetros en los tres niveles asignados.
Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las regiones de la hoja en 57 %; mientras que entre individuos de cada localidad hay 21, 36 y 71 % respectivamente, y entre localidades 71 %. El intervalo de plasticidad fenotípica va de 14 a 100 %, la menor entre las regiones de las hojas y la mayor en la localidad de Teotihuacán. Se infiere la relación de esta variación con la procedencia de las plantas. Los análisis multivariados evidencian que seis caracteres epidérmicos distinguen significativamente a los individuos de las tres localidades, particularmente a los de Tecámac.
Conclusión: La variación en los caracteres epidérmicos es significativa a nivel intra e interpoblacional. Excepto entre las tres regiones de la hoja, la plasticidad fenotípica es alta entre los individuos de cada localidad y entre las tres localidades.
Exploring plant root-fungal interactions in a neotropical freshwater wetland
Authors: Santillán-Manjarrez Jazmín , Solis-Hernández A. Penelope , Castilla-Hernández Patricia , Maldonado-Mendoza Ignacio E. , Vela-Correa Gilberto , Chimal-Hernández Aurora , Hernández-Díaz Claudia , Signoret-Poillon Martha , Van Tuinen Diederik , Rivera-Becerril Facundo 
Published: December 2019

Background: Wetlands in Neotropics harbor high fungal diversity, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE). This study describes the interaction of plant roots with AMF and DSE in a freshwater wetland belonging to a hotspot of biodiversity.
Hypothesis: Differential root colonization between arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophyte fungi is influenced by plant species and abiotic conditions in a freshwater wetland.
Studied species: Plant species colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate endophyte fungi.
Methods: Properties of soils and the water column, floristic composition, root colonization by AMF and DSE, and molecular identification of AMF inside roots were studied.
Results: Soils were Gleysol and flooded during the rainy season. Most of identified plant species were herbaceous, with Cyperus articulatus and Mimosa pigra as the dominant species. Seven of 8 analyzed plant species exhibited differential co-colonization between AMF and DSE. Repeated sampling for one year under flooding/dry conditions demonstrated that C. articulatus and M. pigra were mainly associated with DSE and AMF, respectively. A positive correlation between dissolved O2 in the water column and fungal colonization was observed in C. articulatus . Glomerales and Archaeosporales were molecularly identified inside roots containing arbuscules of M. pigra .
Conclusions: Findings highlight differential coexistence between AMF and DSE in plant roots; fungal colonization was influenced by flooding/dry conditions in a neotropical wetland; the community of AMF inside arbusculated roots of M. pigra includes at least four clades.
Actividad cambial y cribo-xilogenesis de tres especies en un gradiente altitudinal en la Sierra Nevada, México
Authors: Jiménez-Noriega Mayte Stefany , López-mata Lauro , Aguilar-Rodríguez Silvia , Terrazas Teresa 
Published: December 2019

Antecedentes: Xilema y floema secundarios son derivados del cambium vascular y su dinámica (cribo-xilogénesis) se ha estudiado en coníferas y dicotiledóneas que crecen en un mismo sitio. Estudios que evalúen la cribo-xilogénesis en especies de amplia distribución altitudinal y con diferentes formas de vida son escasos.
Pregunta: ¿existen diferencias en la actividad cambial y cribo-xilogénesis entre especies con distintas formas de vida y distribución diferencial en un gradiente altitudinal?
Especies de estudio: Alchemilla procumbens , Acaena elongata y Ribes ciliatum .
Sitio de estudio y fechas: Cerro Tláloc, Sierra Nevada, Estado de México, México, de 2015 a 2017.
Métodos: Se recolectaron ramas durante 24 meses por especie por sitio y los tejidos se procesaron a través de la técnica de inclusión en metilcrilato.
Resultados: Las tres especies pueden diferenciar el floema antes que el xilema, ser simultánea en ambos tejidos ( Alchemilla ) o el floema ser no conductor antes de finalizar la xilogénesis ( Acaena ). Los periodos de actividad cambial y de cribo-xilogénesis fueron más largos (17 semanas) en Acaena (hemicriptófita) y Ribes (fanerófita), mientras que en Alchemilla (criptófita) fueron más cortos pero intermitentes a lo largo del año y ambos se redujeron aún más con el incremento en la altitud.
Conclusiones: La actividad cambial y la xilogénesis entre individuos de diferentes altitudes sugieren que ambos son plásticos y que responden a factores ambientales de cada sitio. En las tres especies, la cribogénesis es menos variable que la xilogénesis como se ha registrado en otras especies. La respuesta rápida de cambium vascular en Alchemilla sugiere que aprovecha los pulsos de factores ambientales beneficiosos para la cribo-xilogénesis.
Montaj hatlarında üretim oranını en büyüklemek için petri ağı tabanlı bir algoritma
Authors: KILINÇCI Özcan 
Published: December 2019

Bu çalışmada, basit montaj hattı dengeleme probleminin
ikinci tipi (BMHDP-2) için Petri ağı tabanlı yeni bir sezgisel önerilmiştir.
Önerilen sezgisel, Petri ağının tetikleme kuralı, işaret hareketi ve işaret
dağılımı gibi özelliklerini kullanarak bir görev sırası oluşturur. Bu görev
sırası bir öncelik kuralı gibi kullanılarak, görevler iş istasyonlarına geriye
doğru yöntemi ile atanır. Sezgisel iki aşamalı bir algoritmadır; ilk aşamada
olurlu bir çözüm bulunur, ikinci aşamada da bulunan bu olurlu çözüm ikili arama
prosedürü ile iyileştirilir. Önerilen sezgisel algoritma ile literatürde
bilinen öncelik kuralları, diğer Petri ağı tabanlı algoritmalar, diferansiyel
evrim algoritmaları ve genetik algoritmaları arasında karşılaştırmalar
sunulmuştur. Sonuçlar, sunulan Petri ağı tabanlı algoritmanın BMHDP-2 çözümü
için etkin olduğunu göstermektedir
Optik Strut Morfometrisi: Radyoanatomik Çalışma
Authors: ÖZALP Hakan , TEN Barış , BEGER Orhan , TAGHİPOUR Pourya , ÇAKIR Salim , ÖZDEMİR Deniz Ladin , MÜDÜROĞLU Fatma , HAMZAOĞLU Vural , DAĞTEKİN Ahmet , TALAS Derya Ümit 
Published: December 2019

Amaç:
Bu
radioanatomik çalışmada, optik sinir cerrahisi açısından önemli bir referans
noktası olması nedeni ile optik strut’ın morfometrik özellikleri ile ilgili
veri elde edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyal-Metot: Tıp
Fakültesi Anatomi Anabilim Dalı envanterinde bulunan 7 adet erişkin insan kuru
kafatası bu çalışmaya dahil edildi. Direkt anatomik ölçümler dijital kumpas ve
radyolojik ölçümler bilgisayarlı tomografi yardımı ile elde edildi.
Prekiyazmatik sulkusa göre optik strut’ın konumu değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Direkt anatomik ölçümlerde optik strut’ın uzunluğu
ve genişliği 4.53±0.74 mm ve 4.83±1.34 mm olarak bulundu.
Bilgisayarlı tomografide ise optik strut’ın uzunluk ve genişliği 4.13±1.27 mm
ve 4.31±0.82 mm olarak tespit edildi. Direkt anatomik ölçüm ve bilgisayarlı
tomografide iki strut arası mesafe 16.83±2.56 mm ve 15.91±1.81 mm olarak
bulundu. Bilgisayarlı tomografi ve direkt anatomik değerlendirmede optik
strut’ın 4 kuru kafada sulkal, 2 kuru kafada postsulkal ve 1 kuru kafada
asimetrik olduğu belirlendi.

Sonuç: Optik strut’ın cerrahlar açısından bir referans noktası olması ve
anteriyor klinoid proses rezeksiyonu sırasında hasarlanabileceği dikkate
alındığında, sayısal verilerimiz optik sinir çevresinde yapılan cerrahi
müdahaleler sırasında faydalı olabilir.
KML VE KML LÖSEMİK KÖK HÜCRESİ ARASINDA MİKRORNA EKSPRESYON DEĞİŞİMLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: PEHLİVAN Melek , SOYÖZ Mustafa , KARAHAN ÇÖVEN Hatice İlayhan , ÇERÇİ Burcu , KILIÇASLAN AYNA Tülay , ATEŞ Halil , YÜCE Zeynep , SERCAN Hakkı Ogün 
Published: December 2019

Amaç:
Kronik Miyeloid Lösemi (KML), hematopoetik kök hücreden (HKH) köken alan miyeloproliferatif
bir hastalıktır. MikroRNA'lar, transkripsiyon
sonrası gen ekspresyonunu düzenlenleyen küçük kodlamayan RNA’lardır. miRNA’lar KML’nin progresyonunda, lösemik kök hücre büyümesi ve tirozin kinaz
inhibitörü (TKİ) direncinin gelişmesinde hücre homeostazisini
etkilemektedirler. Bu çalışmada KML lösemik hücresi ve KML lösemik kök hücresi
(LKH) arasında değişen miRNA ekspresyon profillerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç
ve yöntem: KML hücre hattı olan K562 hücrelerinden,
manyetik hücre ayrımlama (MACS) yöntemi kullanılarak
CD34+CD38- lösemik kök hücreleri ayrımlanmıştır.
Ayrımlanan LKH’lerin saflığının %85-92 arasında olduğu akım sitometri yöntemi
ile gösterilmiştir. K562 ve K562 LKH’leri arasında, gerçek zamanlı kantitatif
PCR ile kanser kök hücre ilişkili 84 adet miRNA’nın ekspresyon değişimleri
incelenmiştir.

Bulgular:
K562 ve K562 LKH’leri arasında, kök hücre ilişkili olduğu bilinen 84 adet miRNA’dan 7’sinin anlamlı
düzeyde değiştiğini gözledik (P&lt;0,05).
K562 LKH’lerinde hsa-miR-29b-3p’nin ekspresyon düzeylerinde artış izlenirken; hsa-miR-320d, hsa-miR-96-5p,
hsa-let-7e-5p, hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-181b-5p hsa-miR-423-5p’da azalma olduğu gözlenmiştir.

Sonuç
: KML lösemik hücreleri ile KML LKH’leri arasında proliferasyon,
eritroid farklılaşma, kendi kendini yenileme ve apoptoz sürecinde rol alan
miRNA’lar ve hedef genlerinin ekspresyonlarındaki
değişim, hastalığın ilerlemesinde
miRNA’larında rol oynayabileceğini
göstermektedir. Bu nedenle KML LKH’lerine
özgü miRNA’ların hastalığın
progresyonunun ve TKI direncinin önlenmesi
için yeni terapötik stratejilerin geliştirilmesinde hedef
moleküller olabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.
The Use of Pocket Dictionary and Online Word-For-Word Translation on Reading Skill: An Experimental Study at Sman 4 Kota Bima Academic Year 2018/2019
Authors: Dinarty Arma 
Published: December 2019

This research is aimed at comparing the impact of published pocket dictionary (PD) and online word-for- word (OWfW) translation on the students’ reading skill. The study was conducted at the second year students of SMAN 4 Kota Bima in the academic year 2018/2019. The method used was experimental study wherein two classes of students were purposively selected as experimental samples. One class of 32 students (i.e. XI Science 1) served as the pocket dictionary group and one class of 32 students (i.e. XI Science 2) were selected as the word-for-word online translation group. Each group was taught three types of reading texts (i.e. narrative, argument, and procedure) obtained from pedagogic texts in the textbooks and authentic texts from other (non-textbook) sources. Pre-test and post-test were administered to each group prior to and after the treatment. The data was analyzed by using multiple t- test formula comparing multiple dimensions of the dictionary use and the reading skills. The study shows that both PD and OWfW translations were equally effective in assisting the students with the reading skills. PD translation is more effective for skimming skill useful for general comprehension of reading texts, OWfW translation is more effective for helping students scan for specific information in the texts. The paper also discusses opportunities and challenges facing the students in using the dictionary types.
THE DISPARITY AND THE CONVERGENCE OF THE ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE STUDY OF THE NEW AUTONOMOUS REGIONS IN SUMATERA, INDONESIA
Authors: Ambya  , Nairobi  , Wayan Suparta I , Desfiandi Andi , Said Jamaliah 
Published: December 2019

Purpose: As a province located outside Java Island, the provinces in Sumatera Island have diversity in economic growth among the regions which could lead to the inequality of development. This study aims to analyze the convergence of sigma and absolute beta and also to measure the speed of the convergence of the economic growth in the new autonomous regions in Sumatera.
Methodology: The research method in this study used the data panel in the form of Fixed Effect model.
Results: The result of the research showed that the convergence of sigma occurred over four years during the study period while the convergence of the absolute beta did not occur. It can be seen from the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) per capita levels of the new autonomous regions which are lower and it does not grow faster than the new autonomous regions which have higher GRDP per capita levels. The absolute convergence rate is 11 percent per year and the time it takes to close half of the initial half-time conversion (the half-time convergence) is six years.
THE PERSONALITY OF A “FAIR SOCIETY CITIZEN” IN THE VIEWS OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE FRANKFURT SCHOOL
Authors: Alexandrovich Kirik Vladimir , Yakovlevna Khoronko Lyubov , Yuryevna Tsurtsilina Alyona 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of the Study: The article looks at the issues connected with civic education of personality that was discussed by several generations of the Frankfurt School theoreticians.
Methodology: The authors have conducted an analysis of the main papers devoted to the topic of character education of citizens written by representatives of the Frankfurt School.
Main Findings: The analysis has shown distinctive features of the views that theoreticians developed during different periods of scientific activity. Apart from that, the evolution of ideas about citizenship and problems faced by civil society expressed by philosophers, as well as their differences, which emerged over time, have been identified.
AL-I’TIZᾹLᾹT DALAM TAFSIR ANWᾹR AL-TANZῙL WA ASRĀR AL-TA’WĪL KARYA AL-BAIḌAWI
Authors: Wathani Syamsul 
Published: December 2019

Penafsiran al-Qur’an menampakkan kontestasi ideologi oleh para mufassirnya, sebagaimana yang terjadi di era afrmatif perjalanan tafsir al-Qur’an. Kontestasi ini dirasakan secara lansung maupun tidak lansung berupa keterpengaruhan intelektual. Artikel ini membuktikan tesis tersebut, dengan menemukan adanya beberapa ajaran kemu’tazilahan (I’tizālāt) dalam tafsir Anwār al-Tanzīl karya al-Baiḍāwi yang notabene nya seorang sunni. al-Baiḍāwi menawarkan penafsiran seperti mu’tazilah dalam memahami ayat eskatologis semisal: azab kubur, bertemu Tuhan dll. Dalam analisis tafsirnya, al-Baiḍāwi terlihat memiliki kekaguman kepada sosok al-Zamakhshariy, sehingga membuat analisis tafsirnya seolah mengandung atau meng-iyakan ajaran/ faham mu’tazilah (I’tizālāt)
A Tobacco Control Framework for Regulating Public Consumption of Cannabis: Multistate Analysis and Policy Implications
Authors: Steinberg Jane , Unger Jennifer B. , Hallett Cynthia , Williams Elizabeth , Baezconde-Garbanati Lourdes , Cousineau Michael R. 
Published: December 2019

Eleven US states and Washington, DC, legalized recreational (adult use) cannabis. Seven states—Alaska, California, Colorado, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington—allow cannabis sales. A public health concern is that exemptions in state or local smoke-free laws for public cannabis smoking or vaping will weaken smoke-free laws, expose the public to secondhand cannabis, and renormalize smoking. We describe the experience of the seven states and challenges faced in maintaining smoke-free laws. Using elements of a tobacco control framework, we identify best practices in cannabis regulation by comparing each state’s smoke-free laws and allowances for public cannabis use. All states prohibit public cannabis use; two lack 100% smoke-free protections; one lacks vaping devices in its smoke-free law; three allow cannabis use in retailers; two allow cannabis use in social consumption lounges; and two allow cannabis use in tourism venues. States should close gaps in smoke-free laws and not expand where cannabis use is permitted to ensure public health.