bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do We Need a Measure of Vocal Effort? Clinician's Report of Vocal Effort in Voice Patients
Authors: van Mersbergen Miriam , Beckham Bethany Helen , Hunter Eric J. 
Published: January 2021

Purpose
Vocal effort has been of increasing interest to voice clinicians and researchers. However, little is known about the prevalence of vocal effort in voice patients presenting to voice clinics. The purpose of this study was to better understand how vocal effort is understood and used in a clinical setting, including the current opinions on this symptom and experiences of voice clinicians regarding vocal effort measurement and management.

Method
Speech-language pathologists who regularly treat voice patients were queried about their years of voice experience, number of voice patients treated yearly, percentage of voice patients who complain of vocal effort, methods of clinically measuring vocal effort, and treatment strategies that address vocal effort in therapy.

Results
Survey results revealed that vocal effort is a commonly presented complaint in the voice clinic with over two thirds of clinicians reporting that the majority of their patients complain of vocal effort and approximately 25% of clinicians reporting that vocal effort is the main complaint in their patients. Although most clinicians measure vocal effort in the clinic, very few use a dedicated vocal effort measure. About half of the clinicians reported that they specifically address vocal effort reduction as a therapy goal.

Conclusions
Despite the high prevalence of observed vocal effort complaints in patients and the focus of vocal effort reduction in therapy, there is no standardized measure of vocal effort widely utilized in the clinic. Future research should address clinically tractable methods to measure vocal effort validly and reliably.
Analysis and experimental application of a dead‐time compensator for input saturated processes with output time‐varying delays
Authors: Alves Lima Thiago , Tarbouriech Sophie , Gouaisbaut Frédéric , Prudêncio de Almeida Filho Magno , García Pedro , Claure Torrico Bismark , Gonzalez Nogueira Fabrício 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDead‐time compensators (DTCs) are a family of classical controllers derived from the Smith Predictor. Their main characteristic is that they explicitly employ the model of the open‐loop process to feedback a predicted value of the non‐delayed system, thus obtaining compensation of the delay. Such a perfect compensation is not achievable in the case of time‐varying delays. This paper addresses stability analysis of a DTC structure in this situation, in addition to considering saturating actuators and disturbances of limited energy. Specific challenges related to the DTC closed loop are taken into account in the developed theoretical conditions, which are expressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities by using an adequate Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional and generalised sector conditions. Furthermore, a new approach for the definition of the set of initial conditions in an augmented space in conjunction with the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional is presented. Besides theoretical innovations, practical discussion about the relation between the tuning of DTC controllers and robustness for this class of systems is presented through numerical examples. An experimental application on a neonatal incubator prototype is carried out to emphasise the effectiveness of the results.
Hyperspectral image, video compression using sparse tucker tensor decomposition
Authors: Das Samiran 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHyperspectral image and videos provide rich spectral information content, which facilitates accurate classification, unmixing, temporal change detection, and so on. However, with the rapid improvements in technology, the data size has increased many folds. To properly handle the enormous data volume, efficient methods are required to compress the data. This paper proposes a multi‐way approach for compression of the hyperspectral image or video sequence. In this approach, a differential representation of the data is first obtained. In the case of hyperspectral images, the difference between consecutive bands is obtained and in case of videos, the difference between consecutive frames is computed. In the next step, a sparse Tucker tensor decomposition is performed and the sparse core tensor obtained. Finally, the core tensor and the corresponding factor matrices are truncated and the data encoded to obtain the compressed version for transmission. The compression method utilises the multi‐way structure of the data and hence can be extended for hyperspectral videos. Experimental results on several real data imply that the proposed compression approach obtains better efficiency in terms of compression ratio, signal to noise ratio.
Towards accurate coronary artery calcium segmentation with multi‐scale attention mechanism
Authors: Ning Yang , Zhang Yunfeng , Li Xuemei , Zhang Caiming 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCoronary artery calcium is a strong and independent marker of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Typically, the accurate segmentation of computed tomography images of the chest is an important prerequisite and basis for coronary artery calcium identification and analysis. However, this is very challenging in practice because the boundaries of coronary artery calcium, the small lesions with large shape variation, are very blurry, resulting in poor performance in existing studies. To tackle this challenge, we present a novel Attention‐based Multi‐Scale Network called AMSN, which can process information through both the main and boundary branches in parallel. Key to our AMSN is a new non‐local multi‐scale context encoder module, which is mainly composed of the multi‐scale attention mechanism and local global long short‐term memory module. By aggregating the multi‐scale context information, i.e. high‐resolution low‐level and low‐resolution high‐level features, the model's feature representative capability and deployment ability are improved effectively. Besides, we introduce a new boundary preserving loss, which can consider the boundary information of all coronary artery calcium together and establish links for the segmentation of different coronary artery calcium simultaneously. Extensive experiments demonstrate our AMSN enables reliable accurate coronary artery calcium segmentation for assisted cardiovascular disease diagnosis clinically.
Identification, evaluation and minimization of industrial risks relating to gas pipelines
Authors: Badica Marius Nicolae , Marinescu (Badica) Carmen Matilda , Suditu Silvian , Stoica Monica Emanuela 
Published: January 2021

The security of the functioning systems represents, through the four specific components (security, availability, reliability and maintenance), a basic component of the processing requirement. Monitoring of all specific intrinsic and operating parameters of oil and gas pipelines can be technically detected and diagnosed by:
–existing defects;
–rapid and effective intervention to eliminate the damage, if they occurred.
To establish the maintenance programs that can ensure the proper functioning of the gas pipelines, it is necessary to establish their technical status. The research done helps reduce the risk of gas pipeline damage.
Studiengänge zur Versorgungsforschung in Deutschland: aktueller Stand und zukünftige Perspektiven
Authors: Kuske Silke , Holmberg Christine , Wensing Michel , Reuschenbach Bernd , Büscher Andreas , Neugebauer Edmund , Pfaff Holger , Karbach Ute , Balzer Katrin , Köpke Sascha , Ernstmann Nicole 
Published: January 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, die derzeit akkreditierten Versorgungsforschungsstudiengänge in Deutschland im Hinblick auf ihre Strukturdaten und Inhalte zu analysieren.
Methodik Im Rahmen eines deskriptiven qualitativen Designs wurden die aktuellen Studienverlaufspläne, die Modulhandbücher und die Steckbriefe akkreditierter Masterstudiengänge der Versorgungsforschung inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Die 6 analysierten Studiengänge zeigen sich hinsichtlich ihrer strukturellen Merkmale und lehr-lerninhaltlichen Ausrichtung in den wesentlichen Punkten als homogen. Ziel aller Studiengänge ist es, fach- und disziplinübergreifende personale und soziale Kompetenzen zu fördern, um Versorgungsbedarfe im Gesundheitswesen zu identifizieren, Innovationen der Versorgung zu entwickeln, zu initiieren, zu evaluieren und kritisch zu reflektieren.
Schlussfolgerungen Trotz ähnlicher Lehr-Lerninhalte bestehen spezifische Ausrichtungen, für die sich die Studierenden vor dem Hintergrund ihrer individuellen Präferenzen entscheiden können. Diese Ergebnisse könnten unter Berücksichtigung aktueller Diskurse und weiterer Erkenntnisse als Grundlage für Empfehlungen zur Entwicklung eines Kerncurriculums dienen.
Four-Step One-Pot Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Polysubstituted Tricyclic Compounds: Lipase-Catalyzed Dynamic Kinetic Resolution Followed by an Intramolecular Diels–Alder Reaction
Authors: Akai Shuji , Tsuchimochi Izuru , Hori Shuhei , Takeuchi Yasuo , Egi Masahiro , Satoh Tomo-o , Kanomata Kyohei , Ikawa Takashi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractStarting from readily available tertiary alcohols, four different reactions (a 1,3-migration of a hydroxy group, kinetic resolution, racemization, and an intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction) took place under co-catalysis by lipase and oxovanadium compounds in a one-pot process to produce polysubstituted tricyclic carbon frameworks in high yields and with high enantioselectivities. The key to the success of this process was the discovery that a silyl group attached to the terminal carbon of the vinyl moiety completely controls the direction of hydroxy group migration
Pharmacodynamic Profile and Prevalence of Bleeding Episode in East Asian Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes Treated with Prasugrel Standard-Dose versus De-escalation Strategy: A Randomized A-MATCH Trial
Authors: Jeong Young-Hoon , Oh Ju-Hyeon , Yoon Hyuck-Jun , Park Yongwhi , Suh Jon , Lee Se-Whan , Lee Kyounghoon , Kim Jeong-Su , Chun Woo-Jung , Park Yong-Hwan , Nam Chang-Wook , Kim June-Hong , Ahn Jong-Hwa , Hwang Seok-Jae , Hwang Jin-Yong , Tantry Udaya S. , Gurbel Paul A. , Shin Eun-Seok 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCompared with Caucasian patients, East Asian patients have the unique risk–benefit trade-off and different responsiveness to antithrombotic regimens. The aim of this study was to compare pharmacodynamic profile in East Asian patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) treated with prasugrel standard-dose versus a de-escalation strategy. Before discharge, ACS patients with age <75 years or weight ≥60 kg (n = 255) were randomly assigned to the standard-dose (10-mg group) or de-escalation strategy (5-mg group or platelet function test [PFT]-guided group). After 1 month, VerifyNow P2Y12 assay-based platelet reactivity (P2Y12 reaction unit [PRU]) and bleeding episodes were evaluated. Primary endpoint was the percentage of patients with the therapeutic window (85 ≤ PRU ≤ 208). The 250 patients completed 1-month treatment. The percentage of patients within the therapeutic window was significantly lower in the 10-mg group (n = 85) compared with the 5-mg (n = 83) and PFT-guided groups (n = 82) (35.3 vs. 67.5 vs. 65.9%) (odds ratio [OR]: 3.80 and 3.54; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.01–7.21 and 1.87–6.69, respectively). Compared with the 10-mg group, the bleeding rate was tended to be lower with de-escalation strategies (35.3 vs. 24.1% vs. 23.2%) (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.58 and 0.55; 95% CI: 0.30–1.14 and 0.28–1.09, respectively). “PRU < 127” was the optimal cut-off for predicting 1-month bleeding events (area under the curve: 0.616; 95% CI: 0.543–0.689; p = 0.005), which criteria was significantly associated with early discontinuation of prasugrel treatment (HR: 2.00; 95% CI: 1.28–3.03; p = 0.001). In conclusion, compared with the standard-dose prasugrel, the prasugrel de-escalation strategy in East Asian patients presented with ACS showed a higher chance within the therapeutic window and a lower tendency toward bleeding episodes.
Registration URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier:NCT01951001.
Highly Efficient Synthesis of Digoxin
Authors: Liu Hui , Zhou Si-Yu , Liao Jin-Xi , Sun Jian-Song , Tu Yuan-Hong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTaking advantage of the reliable stereocontrol capability of DMNPA group via long-distance-participation (LDP) effect as well as the mild and efficient deprotection conditions, the first and highly efficient synthesis of digoxin was achieved through a nine-step longest linear sequence with 41% overall yield.
Preliminary Report of Arthroscopically Assisted Sauvé–Kapandji Procedure for Distal Radioulnar Joint Arthritis
Authors: Abe Yukio , Takahashi Youhei , Fujii Kenzo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background The arthroscopically assisted Sauvé–Kapandji (S-K) procedure has been described as a safe and promising technique for distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) arthrodesis. Our purpose was to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of the arthroscopically assisted S-K procedure.
Methods Eight patients underwent an arthroscopically assisted S-K procedure. All patients were diagnosed as DRUJ osteoarthritis (OA), including six primary DRUJ OA, one OA following a distal radius fracture, and one rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Arthroscopy was performed in neutral forearm rotation with vertical traction. The surface of the DRUJ was debrided through arthroscopy to expose the subchondral surface, and the DRUJ was fixed with a cannulated screw and Kirschner wire (K-wire) with zero or minus ulnar variance in the same posture. Bone graft was not performed.
Results Bone union was achieved at 2 to 3.5 months postoperatively. At an average of 17-month follow-up, the pain intensity on 10-point numerical rating scale (NRS) decreased from 10 preoperatively to 0.4 postoperatively, average range of pronation significantly improved from 77 degrees to 89 degrees, and average grip strength as a percentage of contralateral side improved from 76 to 104%.
Conclusion Satisfactory outcomes were achieved with the arthroscopically assisted S-K procedure. Advantages of this procedure included the ability to achieve union without bone grafting, preservation of the extensor mechanism integrity, and easy reduction of the ulnar head due to its wrist positioning. No major complications were encountered. Disadvantages included its required use of arthroscopic technique and potential contraindication for cases with severe deformity at the sigmoid notch.
Level of Evidence This is a Level IV, therapeutic study.
Free Flap Monitoring, Salvage, and Failure Timing: A Systematic Review
Authors: Shen Amanda Y. , Lonie Sarah , Lim Kaiyang , Farthing Hannah , Hunter-Smith David J. , Rozen Warren M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Microsurgical free tissue transfer has become a reliable technique with success rates around 99% and around 5% requiring exploration for vascular compromise. Protocols for flap monitoring between plastic surgery units vary. We aimed to elucidate the time period when monitoring is crucial for flap salvage.
Methods A systematic search of literature was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, and Scopus databases from 1966 to July 2018 according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, identifying 3,844 studies with mention of free flap and monitoring or timing or salvage or compromise. Studies were screened for relevance according to predetermined inclusion criteria. Data was extracted from included studies relating to flap type, monitoring, timing and reason for failure, and success of salvage intervention.
Results A total of 109 studies featuring 44,031 free flaps were included. A total of 2,549 (5.8%) flaps required return to theater for compromise; 926 (2.1%) were lost and 1,654 (3.7%) were salvaged. In the first 24 hours postoperatively 93.8% of explored flaps are successfully salvaged, by day 2: 83.33%, day 3: 12.1%, and beyond day 4: none were successful. Of the 355 flaps where the cause of failure was reported, 59.5% was venous, 27.9% was arterial, 2.3% was a combination of both, and 10.2% was hematoma or infection. The proportion of flap failures at various recipient sites was highest in the trunk/viscera (7%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.00, 0.36), followed by limbs (5%, 95% CI 0.02, 0.08), head and neck (3%, 95% CI 0.02, 0.04), and breast (<1%; 95% CI 0.00, 0.02).
Conclusion Close flap monitoring is of most value in the first 48 hours postoperatively, facilitating rapid detection of vascular compromise, early salvage, and better outcomes. The location of the flap has implications on its success and certain recipient sites may need particular attention to improve chances of success.
Measuring the subcellular compartmentalization of viral infections by protein complementation assay
Authors: Fernandez Juliette , Hassen-Khodja Cédric , Georget Virginie , Rose Thierry , Jacob Yves , Janin Yves L. , Nisole Sébastien , Vidalain Pierre-Olivier , Arhel Nathalie J. 
Published: January 2021

Significance
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to develop assays that can measure specific steps of viral replication on a large scale. Here we describe an innovative assay called αCentauri that uses fluorescence- or bioluminescence-based protein complementation assays to quantify the subcellular compartmentalization of viruses. As proof of concept, the Centauri fragment was tethered to the nuclear pore complex or sequestered in the nucleus, while the complementary α fragment was attached to the integrase proteins of infectious HIV-1. Thereupon the trafficking of HIV to the nucleus efficiently reconstituted superfolder green fluorescent protein and NanoLuc αCentauri reporters. This technology offers a robust readout of specific steps of viral infection in a multiwell format that is compatible for high-throughput screening.
Placental trophoblast syncytialization potentiates macropinocytosis via mTOR signaling to adapt to reduced amino acid supply
Authors: Shao Xuan , Cao Guangming , Chen Dunjin , Liu Juan , Yu Bolan , Liu Ming , Li Yu-Xia , Cao Bin , Sadovsky Yoel , Wang Yan-Ling 
Published: January 2021

Significance
The appropriate allocation of nutrients between the mother and the fetus during pregnancy is predominantly governed by the syncytiotrophoblast lining at the outer surface of the placental villi. To date the advantages of such an extensively multinucleated cellular structure in substance exchange remains poorly understood. In this study, we discovered that differentiation of trophoblasts toward syncytium triggers an endocytosis strategy, macropinocytosis, to uptake large extracellular molecules. The unique uptake machinery is strikingly boosted via inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling under amino acid shortage conditions, which is essential for fetal survival. The findings highlight an adaptive mechanism of syncytiotrophoblast that senses nutrient status and support fetal survival under nutrient deprivation.
Parameters of clitic combination
Authors: Colomina M. Pilar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This chapter presents the restrictions and
alterations that object clitics show when they are combined (forming
a ‘clitic cluster’) in different varieties of Spanish, Catalan and
Aragonese. As it is well-known, the combination of a third person
accusative clitic and a third person dative clitic is rejected [in
these varieties]. The relevant point that I will explore is that
there is, in fact, variation in the way that languages avoid these
ungrammatical sequences. To show this, I consulted different
databases that describe this combination (grammars, atlases and
corpora). Furthermore, I offer a proposal that accounts for these
restrictions, building on the conclusions presented in Colomina (2020).
Suppression of thermal nanoplasma emission in clusters strongly ionized by hard x-rays
Authors: Kumagai Yoshiaki , Jurek Zoltan , Xu Weiqing , Saxena Vikrant , Fukuzawa Hironobu , Motomura Koji , Iablonskyi Denys , Nagaya Kiyonobu , Wada Shin-ichi , Ito Yuta , Takanashi Tsukasa , Yamada Shuhei , Sakakibara Yuta , Hiraki Toshiyuki Nishiyama , Umemoto Takayuki , Patanen Minna , Bozek John D , Dancus Ioan , Cernaianu Mihail , Miron Catalin , Bauer Tobias , Mucke Melanie , Kukk Edwin , Owada Shigeki , Togashi Tadashi , Tono Kensuke , Yabashi Makina , Son Sang-Kil , Ziaja Beata , Santra Robin , Ueda Kiyoshi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Using electron and ion spectroscopy, we studied the electron and nuclear dynamics in ∼50 000-atom large krypton clusters, following excitation with an intense hard x-ray pulse. Beyond the single pulse experiment, we also present the results of a time-resolved, x-ray pump–near-infrared probe measurement that allows one to learn about the time evolution of the system. After core ionization of the atoms by x-ray photons, trapped Auger and secondary electrons form a nanoplasma in which the krypton ions are embedded, according to the already published scenario. While the ion data show expected features, the electron emission spectra miss the expected pump–probe delay-dependent enhancement except for a slight enhancement in the energy range below 2 eV. Theoretical simulations help to reveal that, due to the deep trapping potential of the ions during the long time expansion accompanied by electron–ion recombination, thermal emission from the transient nanoplasma becomes quenched.
Quantum fluctuation effects on the ordered moments in a two dimensional frustrated ferrimagnet
Authors: Majumdar Kingshuk , Mahanti Subhendra D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We propose a novel two-dimensional (2D) frustrated quantum spin-1/2 anisotropic Heisenberg model with alternating ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic magnetic chains along one direction and antiferromagnetic interactions along the other. The (mean-field) ground state is ferrimagnetic in certain range of the interaction space. Spin-wave theory analysis of the reduction of ordered moments at inequivalent spin sites and the instability of the spin waves suggest a quantum phase transition which has the characteristics of both the frustrated 2D antiferromagnetic S = 1/2 (J
1, J
2) model and 1D S
1 = 1, S
2 = 1/2 quantum ferrimagnetic model.
Comment on ‘Two blocks connected by a string with variable tension: a dynamic case’
Authors: Mungan Carl E 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
An Atwood-type machine is investigated in which one block moving along a frictionless horizontal track is connected by a string over an ideal pulley to a hanging block. In the usual setup, the pulley is located at the corner between the end of the track on a tabletop and a vertical drop down to the floor. An alternative geometry analysed by Herrera-Suárez, Machado-Higuera, and Muñoz (Phys. Educ.
55 055022) raises the pulley above this corner, so that the portion of the string connecting the pulley to the horizontally moving block makes a nonzero angle relative to the track. Assuming the track extends beyond the edge of the table, both blocks are shown here to exhibit oscillations about the equilibrium configuration as the horizontal block passes under the pulley.
Reply to ‘Comment on “Two blocks connected by a string with variable tension: a dynamic case”’
Authors: Herrera-Suárez H J , Machado-Higuera M , Muñoz J H 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this short note is presented a reply to a comment made by Professor Carl E Mungan on the paper “Comment on ‘Two blocks connected by a string with variable tension: a dynamic case’".