bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inference for two‐parameter Rayleigh competing risks data under generalized progressive hybrid censoring
Authors: Singh Devendra Pratap , Lodhi Chandrakant , Tripathi Yogesh Mani , Wang Liang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a competing risks model based on the generalized progressive hybrid censored two‐parameter Rayleigh distributions is studied under the assumption that the lifetime distributions of failure causes are identically distributed with same location and different scale parameters. We obtain maximum likelihood estimates of unknown parameters with associated existence uniqueness. The approximate confidence intervals are constructed using the asymptotic distribution of maximum likelihood estimates via the observed information matrix. Further, Bayes point estimates and the highest probability density credible intervals of unknown parameters are presented, and the Gibbs sampling technique is used to approximate corresponding estimates. A Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to compare the accuracy of proposed estimates. Finally, a real‐life example is presented for illustration purpose.
Fine‐Tuning Pore Dimension in Hybrid Ultramicroporous Materials Boosting Simultaneous Trapping of Trace Alkynes from Alkenes
Authors: Zhang Zhaoqiang , Ding Qi , Cui Jiyu , Cui Xili , Xing Huabin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRemoving trace amounts of alkynes from alkenes is one of the most critical and challenging steps to produce high‐purity alkenes, the fundamental raw materials in petrochemical industry. Selective hydrogenation using noble metal catalysts under harsh conditions can convert trace alkynes to alkenes, but suffers from limited selectivity, over‐hydrogenation, and energy‐intensive consumption. Herein, the simultaneously adsorptive removal of trace propyne (C3H4) and acetylene (C2H2) from quaternary C2H2/C2H4/C3H4/C3H6 mixture is reported for the first time using an anion‐pillared hybrid ultramicroporous material ZU‐16‐Co (or TIFSIX‐3‐Co) by finely tuning the pore dimensions and introducing different binding sites to match the shape of alkynes. ZU‐16‐Co with contracted aperture size and judiciously extended cell dimension simultaneously exhibits superior trapping capacity for propyne under low concentration (2.45 mmol g−1 at 5000 ppm) and surprisingly high C2H2 uptake (4.18 and 1.4 mmol g−1 at 1.0 and 0.01 bar, respectively) through synergistic host–guest and guest–guest interactions. Importantly, the ability of ZU‐16‐Co to capture trace alkynes (C2H2 and C3H4) in one step is confirmed by breakthrough experiments for quaternary C3H4/C2H2/C3H6/C2H4 mixtures, presenting ZU‐16‐Co as a promising material for alkyne trapping.
A new location‐based privacy protection algorithm with deep learning
Authors: Alotaibi Reem , Alnazzawi Tahani , Hamza Nermin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA location‐based recommender system (LbRS) is a system which provides recommendations to a user related to his/her point of interest. In order to generate these recommendations, the LbRS uses personal information regarding the current location of the user. This creates serious privacy issues, as users' movements can be revealed through their location data. This paper proposes a new location‐based privacy protection method, and is divided into two stages. First, dummy locations are identified using query probability and distance. Second, a deep learning algorithm is trained to predict dummy locations. Then, the average entropy of each stage is used to compute final entropy. The results show that the proposed method outperforms standard methods such as random and farthest dummy location selection, although it is fractionally slower than the benchmark methods due to the encryption mechanism integrated into it to provide double‐layer security.
On α′-effects from D-branes in 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1
Authors: Weissenbacher Matthias 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this work we study type IIB Calabi-Yau orientifold compactifications in the presence of space-time filling D7-branes and O7-planes. In particular, we conclude thatα′2gs-corrections to their DBI actions lead to a modification of the four-dimensional$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 1 Kähler potential and coordinates. We focus on the one-modulus case of the geometric background i.e.h1,1= 1 where we find that theα′2gs-correction is of topological nature. It depends on the first Chern form of the four-cycle of the Calabi-Yau orientifold which is wrapped by the D7-branes and O7-plane. This is in agreement with our previous F-theory analysis and provides further evidence for a potential breaking of the no-scale structure at orderα′2gs. Corrected background solutions for the dilaton, the warp-factor as well as the internal space metric are derived. Additionally, we briefly discussα′-corrections from other Dp-branes.
Higgs decay to fermion pairs at NLO in SMEFT
Authors: Cullen Jonathan M. , Pecjak Benjamin D. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The calculation of next-to-leading order (NLO) perturbative corrections at fixed operator dimension in Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) has been a topic of much recent interest. In this paper we obtain the NLO corrections from dimension-6 operators to the Higgs boson decays $$ h\to f\overline{f} $$
h
→
f

f
¯

, where the fermions f ∈ {μ, τ, c}. This extends previous results for $$ h\to b\overline{b} $$
h
→
b

b
¯

to all phenomenologically relevant Higgs boson decays into fermions, and provides the basis for future precision analyses of these decays within effective field theory. We point out the benefits of studying ratios of decay rates into different fermions in SMEFT, the most surprising of which is enhanced sensitivity to anomalous hγγ and hgg couplings induced by flavor-universal SMEFT operators, especially in scenarios where flavor-dependent Wilson coefficients are constrained by Minimal Flavor Violation.
Rational points on abelian varieties over function fields and Prym varieties
Authors: Mohajer Abolfazl 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper, using a generalization of the notion of Prym variety for covers of projective varieties, we prove a structure theorem for the Mordell–Weil group of abelian varieties over function fields that are twists of abelian varieties by Galois covers of smooth projective varieties. In particular, the results we obtain contribute to the construction of Jacobians of high rank.
A MATSUMOTO–MOSTOW RESULT FOR ZIMMER’S COCYCLES OF HYPERBOLIC LATTICES
Authors: MORASCHINI M. , SAVINI A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFollowing the philosophy behind the theory of maximal representations, we introduce the volume of a Zimmer’s cocycle Γ × X → PO° (n, 1), where Γ is a torsion-free (non-)uniform lattice in PO° (n, 1), with n > 3, and X is a suitable standard Borel probability Γ-space. Our numerical invariant extends the volume of representations for (non-)uniform lattices to measurable cocycles and in the uniform setting it agrees with the generalized version of the Euler number of self-couplings. We prove that our volume of cocycles satisfies a Milnor–Wood type inequality in terms of the volume of the manifold Γ\ℍn. Additionally this invariant can be interpreted as a suitable multiplicative constant between bounded cohomology classes. This allows us to define a family of measurable cocycles with vanishing volume. The same interpretation enables us to characterize maximal cocycles for being cohomologous to the cocycle induced by the standard lattice embedding via a measurable map X → PO° (n, 1) with essentially constant sign.As a by-product of our rigidity result for the volume of cocycles, we give a different proof of the mapping degree theorem. This allows us to provide a complete characterization of maps homotopic to local isometries between closed hyperbolic manifolds in terms of maximal cocycles.In dimension n = 2, we introduce the notion of Euler number of measurable cocycles associated to a closed surface group and we show that it extends the classic Euler number of representations. Our Euler number agrees with the generalized version of the Euler number of self-couplings up to a multiplicative constant. Imitating the techniques developed in the case of the volume, we show a Milnor–Wood type inequality whose upper bound is given by the modulus of the Euler characteristic of the associated closed surface. This gives an alternative proof of the same result for the generalized version of the Euler number of self-couplings. Finally, using the interpretation of the Euler number as a multiplicative constant between bounded cohomology classes, we characterize maximal cocycles as those which are cohomologous to the one induced by a hyperbolization.
A calculus for flows in periodic domains
Authors: Baddoo Peter J. , Ayton Lorna J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurpose: We present a constructive procedure for the calculation of 2-D potential flows in periodic domains with multiple boundaries per period window.Methods: The solution requires two steps: (i) a conformal mapping from a canonical circular domain to the physical target domain, and (ii) the construction of the complex potential inside the circular domain. All singly periodic domains may be classified into three distinct types: unbounded in two directions, unbounded in one direction, and bounded. In each case, we use conformal mappings to relate the target periodic domain to a canonical circular domain with an appropriate branch structure.Results: We then present solutions for a range of potential flow phenomena including flow singularities, moving boundaries, uniform flows, straining flows and circulatory flows.Conclusion: By using the transcendental Schottky-Klein prime function, the ensuing solutions are valid for an arbitrary number of obstacles per period window. Moreover, our solutions are exact and do not require any asymptotic approximations.
Evolving evidence in the treatment of primary and recurrent posterior cruciate ligament injuries, part 1: anatomy, biomechanics and diagnostics
Authors: Winkler Philipp W. , Zsidai Bálint , Wagala Nyaluma N. , Hughes Jonathan D. , Horvath Alexandra , Senorski Eric Hamrin , Samuelsson Kristian , Musahl Volker 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) represents an intra-articular structure composed of two distinct bundles. Considering the anterior and posterior meniscofemoral ligaments, a total of four ligamentous fibre bundles of the posterior knee complex act synergistically to restrain posterior and rotatory tibial loads. Injury mechanisms associated with high-energy trauma and accompanying injury patterns may complicate the diagnostic evaluation and accuracy. Therefore, a thorough and systematic diagnostic workup is necessary to assess the severity of the PCL injury and to initiate an appropriate treatment approach. Since structural damage to the PCL occurs in more than one third of trauma patients experiencing acute knee injury with hemarthrosis, background knowledge for management of PCL injuries is important. In Part 1 of the evidence-based update on management of primary and recurrent PCL injuries, the anatomical, biomechanical, and diagnostic principles are presented. This paper aims to convey the anatomical and biomechanical knowledge needed for accurate diagnosis to facilitate subsequent decision-making in the treatment of PCL injuries.Level of evidence V.
Primäre und sekundäre Herkunftseffekte über den Verlauf der Sekundarstufe: Eine Dekomposition an drei Bildungsübergängen
Authors: Scharf Jan , Becker Michael , Stallasch Sophie E. , Neumann Marko , Maaz Kai 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Sekundarstufe ist gekennzeichnet durch eine Sequenz von Übergängen, an denen Ungleichheiten durch Leistungsdisparitäten (primäre Effekte) und Bildungsentscheidungen (sekundäre Effekte) nach sozialer Herkunft relevant werden. Diese Herkunftseffekte werden mit dem vorliegenden Beitrag erstmals anhand von Daten einer vollständigen Schülerkohorte (Hamburger KESS-Studie) über den gesamten Verlauf der Sekundarstufe vom Übergang ins Gymnasium bis zur Studienintention analysiert. Eine Dekomposition und Quantifizierung primärer und sekundärer Effekte mit der KHB-Methode erfolgt dabei erstmals auch für den Eintritt in die Oberstufe. Abnehmende absolute Herkunftseffekte über den Bildungsverlauf, auf die bisherige Befunde verschiedener Stichproben verweisen, können mit dieser Studie zum Teil bestätigt werden. Zum vermuteten relativen Bedeutungszuwachs sekundärer Effekte zeigen die Ergebnisse kein eindeutiges Muster: Beim Wechsel ins Gymnasium überwiegen primäre Effekte leicht, wenn Noten als Leistungsindikator verwendet werden. Beim Eintritt in die Oberstufe bleibt die Relation nahezu unverändert. Erst bei der Studienintention fällt die relative Bedeutung sekundärer Effekte größer aus.
Sediment Dynamics of a Divergent Bay–Marsh Complex
Authors: Nowacki Daniel J. , Ganju Neil K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBay–marsh systems, composed of an embayment surrounded by fringing marsh incised by tidal channels, are widely distributed coastal environments. External sediment availability, marsh-edge erosion, and sea-level rise acting on such bay–marsh complexes may drive diverse sediment-flux regimes. These factors reinforce the ephemeral and dynamic nature of fringing marshes: material released by marsh-edge erosion becomes part of a bay–marsh exchange that fuels the geomorphic evolution of the coupled system. The dynamics of this sediment exchange determine the balance among seaward export, deposition on the embayment seabed, flux into tidal channels, and import to the marsh platform. In this work, we investigate the sediment dynamics of a transgressive bay–marsh complex and link them to larger-scale considerations of its geomorphic trajectory. Grand Bay, Alabama/Mississippi, is a shallow microtidal embayment surrounded by salt marshes with lateral erosion rates of up to 5 m year−1. We collected 6 months of oceanographic data at four moorings within Grand Bay and its tidal channels to assess hydrographic conditions and net sediment-flux patterns and augmented the observations with numerical modeling. The observations imply a divergent sedimentary system in which a majority of the suspended sediment is exported seaward, while a smaller fraction is imported landward via tidal channels, assisting in vertical marsh-plain accumulation, maintenance of channel and intertidal-flat morphologies, and landward transgression. These results describe a dynamic system that is responsive to episodic atmospheric forcing in the absence of a strong tidal signal and the presence of severe lateral marsh loss.
In Vitro Study of a Stentless Aortic Bioprosthesis Made of Bacterial Cellulose
Authors: Dawidowska Kinga , Siondalski Piotr , Kołaczkowska Magdalena 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The paper present findings from an in vitro experimental study of a stentless human aortic bioprosthesis (HAB) made of bacterial cellulose (BC). Three variants of the basic model were designed and tested to identify the valve prosthesis with the best performance parameters. The modified models were made of BC, and the basic model of pericardium.

Methods
Each model (named V1, V2 and V3) was implanted into a 90 mm porcine aorta. Effective Orifice Area (EOA), rapid valve opening time (RVOT) and rapid valve closing time (RVCT) were determined. The flow resistance of each bioprosthesis model during the simulated heart systole, i.e. for the mean differential pressure (ΔP) at the time of full valve opening was measured. All experimental specimens were exposed to a mean blood pressure (MBP) of 90.5 ± 2.3 mmHg.

Results
The V3 model demonstrated the best performance. The index defining the maximum opening of the bioprosthesis during systole for models V1, V2 and V3 was 2.67 ± 0.59, 2.04 ± 0.23 and 2.85 ± 0.59 cm2, respectively. The mean flow rate through the V3 valve was 5.7 ± 1, 6.9 ± 0.7 and 8.9 ± 1.4 l/min for stroke volume (SV) of 65, 90 and 110 mL, respectively. The phase of immediate opening and closure for models V1, V2 and V3 was 8, 7 and 5% of the cycle duration, respectively. The mean flow resistance of the models was: 4.07 ± 2.1, 4.28 ± 2.51 and 5.6 ± 2.32 mmHg.

Conclusions
The V3 model of the aortic valve prosthesis is the most effective. In vivo tests using BC as a structural material for this model are recommended. The response time of the V3 model to changed work conditions is comparable to that of a healthy human heart. The model functions as an aortic valve prosthesis in in vitro conditions.
The Effects of Exercise on Indirect Markers of Gut Damage and Permeability: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chantler Sarah , Griffiths Alex , Matu Jamie , Davison Glen , Jones Ben , Deighton Kevin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Aim
Exercise appears to cause damage to the endothelial lining of the human gastrointestinal tract and elicit a significant increase in gut permeability.

Objective
The aim of this review was to determine the effect of an acute bout of exercise on gut damage and permeability outcomes in healthy populations using a meta-analysis.

Methods
PubMed, The Cochrane Library as well as MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus and CINHAL, via EBSCOhost were searched through February 2019. Studies were selected that evaluated urinary (ratio of disaccharide/monosaccharide excretion) or plasma markers [intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein (i-FABP)] of gut permeability and gut cell damage in response to a single bout of exercise.

Results
A total of 34 studies were included. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed, and showed a large and moderate effect size for markers of gut damage (i-FABP) (ES 0.81; 95% CI 0.63–0.98; n = 26; p < 0.001) and gut permeability (Disaccharide Sugar/Monosaccharide Sugar) (ES 0.70; 95% CI 0.29–1.11; n = 17; p < 0.001), respectively. Exercise performed in hot conditions (> 23 °C) further increased markers of gut damage compared with thermoneutral conditions [ES 1.06 (95% CI 0.88–1.23) vs. 0.66 (95% CI 0.43–0.89); p < 0.001]. Exercise duration did not have any significant effect on gut damage or permeability outcomes.

Conclusions
These findings demonstrate that a single bout of exercise increases gut damage and gut permeability in healthy participants, with gut damage being exacerbated in hot environments. Further investigation into nutritional strategies to minimise gut damage and permeability after exercise is required. PROSPERO database number (CRD42018086339).
Marker allergens in Hymenoptera venom al﻿l﻿ergy — Characteristics and potential use in preci﻿sion medicine
Authors: Blank Simon , Bilò Maria Beatrice , Grosch Johannes , Schmidt-Weber Carsten B. , Ollert Markus , Jakob Thilo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
A comprehensive diagnostic work-up is essential to ensure adequate patient management for the potentially life-threatening condition of Hymenoptera venom allergy (HVA). This includes an unambiguous identification of the allergy-relevant venom as prerequisite for successful venom-specific immunotherapy (VIT). If the clinical history does not allow the identification of the culprit insect, diagnosis is often hampered by positive test results to various venoms. Modern component-resolved diagnostics (CRD) applying marker allergens of Hymenoptera venoms has created new opportunities which facilitate therapeutic decisions and may allow personalized risk stratification for individual patients.

Methods
Comprehensive literature search and critical analysis of recently published studies on Hymenoptera venom allergens and CRD.

Results and discussion
Changing the research focus from whole venom extracts to individual allergenic molecules led to the development of CRD in HVA. The currently available CRD is a valuable tool to resolve cross-reactivity and primary sensitization, particularly in honeybee and vespid venom allergy. Hence, CRD has simplified therapeutic decisions in case of multiple positive test results, especially in patients who were not able to identify the culprit insect or in cases of discrepancies between clinical history and classical diagnostic results. Moreover, there is first evidence that sensitization to particular allergens might serve as biomarkers to predict risk for severe side-effects during VIT or even for VIT failure. To date, a clear limitation of CRD is the currently available allergen panel which does not allow a definite resolution of allergy to different vespid species such as yellow jackets and European paper wasps.
Teilhabefokus und Soziologie sozialer Probleme. Eine Erkundung zu Forschungspotenzialen am Beispiel der Behinderungsfrage
Authors: Wacker Elisabeth 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungTeilhabeforschung hat Potenzial. Dies kann für das Feld der sozialen Probleme analysiert werden. Wie gesellschaftlicher Zusammenhalt in Verschiedenheit gelingen kann, wird hier am Beispiel der Vielfaltsdimension Behinderung systematisch reflektiert. Gerade mit Aufmerksamkeit für die Überschneidungen von Diversitätsmerkmalen wird dabei aufgedeckt, wie Behinderung als soziales Problem entsteht.Diskurse um Diversität und Inklusion erweisen sich zusätzlich in der Ungleichheitsforschung als nützlich, weil sie die Diversitätsdimension Behinderung aus einem Schattendasein ins angemessene Licht rücken und zugleich den historisch gewachsenen festen Zugriff der Eingliederungshilfe auf dieses Handlungsfeld lockern. Zudem etablieren sich Diversität und Inklusion als sozialwissenschaftliche Trendsetter. Eine Abgrenzung des Teilhabekonzepts als relativ reale Realität von ihnen gelingt jedoch nur schwer.In einem heraufziehenden Inklusions-Diversitäts-Dilemma kann Teilhabeforschung als Mediatorin agieren. Denn aus den andauernden Diskursen zur Teilhabe lassen sich Aspekte für planvolles Durchdenken und Gestalten ableiten. Passgenau in den jeweiligen Handlungsfeldern entsteht schließlich Teilhabe durch Teilhabe. Wichtig ist dabei zum einen eine verbindende kulturelle bzw. menschenrechtliche Perspektive: Alle sind gleich. Ebenso liegt die konstruktive Auseinandersetzung mit der Gegenwartsgesellschaft der Vielfältigen auf der Hand, denn alle sind verschieden, wobei schließlich drittens auch die Sicht auf Teilhabe inklusive zentral wirkt, denn sie lädt dazu ein, Abschied zu nehmen von Gleichschaltungsanliegen. Stattdessen fördert sie Formen der Gemeinschaft, in der Selbstbestimmung und Teilhabe, Vielfalt und Gleichwertigkeit, Inklusion und Exklusion als Entdeckungszusammenhang in Teilhabefeldern verwoben sind. So gelangen Verfahren der Inklusion als genereller gesellschaftlicher Wandlungsprozess, als Strategie der Grenzüberschreitung und des Zutritts in Greifweite.
Network-based prediction of COVID-19 epidemic spreading in Italy
Authors: Pizzuti Clara , Socievole Annalisa , Prasse Bastian , Van Mieghem Piet 
Published: November 2020

AbstractInitially emerged in the Chinese city Wuhan and subsequently spread almost worldwide causing a pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 virus follows reasonably well the Susceptible–Infectious–Recovered (SIR) epidemic model on contact networks in the Chinese case. In this paper, we investigate the prediction accuracy of the SIR model on networks also for Italy. Specifically, the Italian regions are a metapopulation represented by network nodes and the network links are the interactions between those regions. Then, we modify the network-based SIR model in order to take into account the different lockdown measures adopted by the Italian Government in the various phases of the spreading of the COVID-19. Our results indicate that the network-based model better predicts the daily cumulative infected individuals when time-varying lockdown protocols are incorporated in the classical SIR model.