bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Perusahaan Teknologi atas Tindak Pidana Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas oleh Pengemudi Ojek Online
Authors: Kumala Sari Ratna , Putra Jaya Nyoman Serikat 
Published: January 2020

Act No. 22 the year 2009 about Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan (road traffic and transportation) raises perspectives in criminal law regarding criminal liability for public transportation companies. Furthermore, it raises problems on how criminal liability of technology companies for traffic accidents and how law enforcement practice. The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe the criminal liability of technology companies for traffic accident by online motorcycle taxi drivers and for criticizing law enforcement. Normative research methods will be used to answer the problem. There are two approaches to assess the problem, namely case approach the and law approach. The conclusion is that technology companies can be criminally accounted for by the vicarious liability perspective and the Road Traffic and Transportation Act.
Undang-Undang No. 22 Tahun 2009 tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan (UULLAJ) memunculkan perspektif dalam hukum pidana menyangkut pertanggungjawaban pidana bagi perusahaan angkutan umum. Selanjutnya memunculkan permasalahan mengenai bagaimana pertanggungjawaban pidana perusahaan teknologi atas tindak pidana kecelakaan lalu lintas dan bagaimana praktek penegakan hukumnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan mengenai pertanggungjawaban pidana perusahaan teknologi atas tindak pidana kecelakaan lalu lintas oleh pengemudi ojek online dan untuk mengkritisi penegakan hukumnya. Metode penelitian normatif yang akan digunakan untuk menjawab permasalahan ini. Terdapat dua pendekatan untuk mengkaji permasalahan ini yaitu pendekatan kasus dan pendekatan undang-undang. Dari hasil pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa perusahaan teknologi dapat dipertanggungjawabkan secara pidana dengan perspektif vicarious liability dan Undang-Undang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan.
Congenital absence of a lumbosacral facet joint: A case report
Authors: Adsul Nitin Maruti , Kumar Manoj , Acharya Shankar , Kalra K. L. , Chahal R. S. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Congenital absence of the lumbosacral facet joint is extremely rare, with only 26 cases reported in the literature. Here, we present a patient with the unilateral absence of the left fifth lumbar inferior articular process and reviewed the relevant literature.

Case Description:
A 32-year-old gentleman, who had undergone right L4-5 lumbar microdiscectomy 3 months ago now presented with acute low back and left leg pain following a fall. He is now presented with acute low back and left leg pain following a fall. Plain radiographs of the L-S spine revealed an absent left L5–S1 zygapophyseal joint. The magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography studies additionally confirmed an absent unilateral left L5 lumbar inferior articular process.

Conclusion:
Patients presenting for lumbar surgery may have unilaterally absent lumbosacral zygapophyseal joints, which may impact the outcome of surgical treatment.
Bellek Mekânlarının Hatırlama ve Unutulma Döngüleri Çerçevesince Belirlenmesi İçin Bir Metodolojik Öneri: Düzce Örneği
Authors: MUTLU Esra , TANRIVERDİ KAYA Ayşegül 
Published: January 2020

Yaşamın izleri, anılar, tarih kentsel mekânlarda birikim oluşturarak, yerin kimliğini, özgünlüğünü ve her şeyden önemlisi aidiyeti oluşturur. Yere ve topluluğa bağlı gelişen aidiyetin sürekliliği ve güçlenmesi, yerin kimliğini güçlendirerek sürekliliğini sağlamaktadır. Küresel kültürün egemen olduğu dünyamızda yerel yaşam kültürü ve kimliklerin özgünlüğü mekânların dönüşümü ile birlikte kaybedilmektedir. Dolayısıyla bireysel bellek çerçevelerinden yola çıkarak kolektif bellekte yer etmiş mekânların tespit edilmesi sağlıklı ve imgelenebilir kentsel çevreler oluşturma noktasında önem taşımaktadır. Bu araştırmada, deprem afeti ile ciddi bir kentsel yıkım yaşayan ve deprem sonrası yeni yaşam alanlarının oluşmasıyla yer değiştirmek zorunda kalan Düzcelilerin bellek mekânlarının tespiti amacına yönelik bir metot önerisi sunulmuştur. Araştırma yöntem olarak sözlü mülakat ve zihinsel harita kullanımını içeren iki aşamadan meydana gelmektedir. Hatırlanma sayısı ve hatırlanma sırasının önemli kriterler olduğu anket verileri ışığında belirlenen kentsel mekânlar, geliştirilen puantaj tekniği sayesinde elde edilen frekansların yıllar bazında (afet öncesi ve sonrası) kıyaslanmasıyla hatırlanma ve unutulma döngüleri başlıkları altında gruplandırılmıştır. Hatırlama döngüsü içerisinde yer alan bellek mekânları potansiyel kimlik mekânları olarak nitelendirilirken, unutulma döngüsü içerisinde yer alan mekânlar ise tehdit altında olan ve kente geri kazandırılmayı bekleyen bellek mekânlar olarak nitelendirilmiştir. Yapılan bu araştırma sonucunda kimlik kazanımı için sürekliliği önemli olan bellek mekânlarının belirlenmesi için metodolojik bir öneri hazırlanmış olup, farklı kentlere uygulanabilir olması yönünden geliştirilmeye açıktır. Toplumun belleğinde sürekliliği olan mekânların korunması veya geliştirilmesi için öngörülen bu çalışmanın; kent kimliğinin sürekliliğini sağlamak konusunda referans kaynak oluşturması öngörülmüştür. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kolektif Bellek, Bellek Mekânları, Hatırlama ve Unutulma Döngüsü
Introduction to Cold Spray
Authors: Smith M.F. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Cold spray is a process technology that, for the first time, enables the rapid deposition of a wide range of metals and some other materials in the solid state at temperatures far below their melting points. This chapter provides an overview of the processes involved in cold spray process technologies, namely high-pressure cold spray (HPCS) and low-pressure cold spray (LPCS), explaining differences of LPCS from HPCS. It summarizes the historical background of the cold spray process. The growing international interest in the cold spray process from the early 2000s is also reviewed.
Process Science of Cold Spray
Authors: Klassen T. , Gärtner F. , Assadi H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis chapter reviews the current understanding of high-pressure cold spraying for different materials, covering widely accepted general mechanisms for particle deposition and the processes and parameters involved. It begins by reviewing the mechanisms of bonding. An overview of the optimization of the critical process parameters for improving coating qualities is then provided. This is followed by a separate section dealing with bonding between different materials and addressing influences on adhesion to the substrate as well as the cohesion between dissimilar coating constituents. The knowledge of the basic science and mechanisms finally allows for discussion on the requirements for suitable cold spray equipment and of the parameter sets needed for successful coating deposition.
Modeling and Simulation of Cold Spray
Authors: Assadi H. , Gärtner F. , Klassen T. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The modeling and simulation activities in the field of high-pressure cold spray can be divided into two main parts: solid mechanics and fluid dynamics. This chapter focuses on these parts of modeling work in cold spray research. The discussion covers the objective, principal concepts, methods, and outcome of modeling and simulation of particle impact and of in-flight history of particles in cold spraying. The concept of integration of particle impact and fluid flow modeling to optimize cold spray deposition for a given material is also explained.
SISTEM PENGEMBANGAN, PENGELOLAAN DAN FASILITAS LABORATORIUM PRODUKTIF AKUNTANSI DALAM MENINGKATAKAN KUALITAS KOMPUTER AKUNTANSI (PRODI AKUNTANSI FAKULTAS EKONOMI UMRAH)
Authors: Jack Febriand Adel, Tumpal Manik  
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan memberikan solusi kelayakan fasilitas laboratorium produktif akuntansi fakultas Ekonomi UMRAH. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 1) Ruangan laboratorium akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi UMRAH belum memenuhi standar sebagai laboratorium akuntansi dianalisis berdasarkan, fasilitas, keaslian aplikasi (software), sistem LAN dan kondisi ruangan, Analisis perubahan rangkaian posisi komputer cleint mahasiswa dan dosen. Analisis solusi pengembangan dan pengelolaan laboratorium akuntansi lebih utama pada penataan tempat komputer, Server, jaringan LAN dan instalasi komputer yang aman sehingga akan lebih efisien dan efektif digunakan selama proses belajar dan mengajar, sehingga dosen lebih mudah memantau proses dan hasil praktikum komputer akuntansi dalam ruang belajar laboratorium.
Usefulness of perioperative rotational thrombelastometry during scoliosis surgery in children
Authors: Jonas Jakub , Durila Miroslav , Malosek Martin , Maresova Dagmar , Stulik Jan , Barna Michal , Vymazal Tomas 
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVESurgical correction of scoliosis in pediatric patients is associated with significant blood loss. Rotational thrombelastometry (ROTEM) might help to decrease the use of blood transfusion products by enabling an early point of care (POC) diagnosis of coagulopathy, thus helping to provide targeted therapy. The aim of this case-control study was to find out whether POC use of ROTEM during scoliosis surgery in children helps to reduce the need for blood transfusion products.METHODSData were prospectively analyzed from all patients treated during 2016–2018 who received ROTEM-based therapy during scoliosis surgery. These patients were compared with a group of historical controls treated during 2014–2016 whose scoliosis treatment did not include ROTEM. Perioperative blood loss, consumption of blood transfusion products, and hospital LOS were compared between the groups.RESULTSA total of 37 patients were analyzed, 22 patients in the non-ROTEM group and 15 patients in the ROTEM group. In the ROTEM group compared with the non-ROTEM group, there was significantly lower perioperative blood loss and administration of packed red blood cell units, no administration of fresh-frozen plasma, and shorter overall hospital LOS (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSROTEM use during scoliosis surgery in children seems to help to decrease blood loss and the use of blood transfusion products and may also shorten the hospital LOS.Clinical trial registration no.: NCT03699813 (clinicaltrials.gov).
Predictors of the need for laminectomy after indirect decompression via initial anterior or lateral lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Park Daehyun , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Mehra Ratnesh , Kwon Yonguk , Kim Sungtae , Ruan Hui Bing , Chou Dean 
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVEThe goal of this study was to evaluate factors that are associated with the need for additional posterior direct decompressive surgery after anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) or lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF).METHODSEighty-six adult patients who underwent ALIF or LLIF for degenerative spondylolisthesis and foraminal stenosis were enrolled. Patient factors (age, sex, number of surgery levels, and visual analog scale [VAS] score for leg and back pain); procedure-related factors (cage height and lordosis); and radiographic measurements (disc height [DH]; foraminal height [FH], foraminal area [FA], central canal diameter [CCD], and facet joint degeneration [FD]) were analyzed. All patients underwent staged surgery on 2 different days, with the anterior portion first, followed by the posterior portion.RESULTSOf 86 patients, 62 underwent posterior decompression and 24 had no posterior decompression. There were no significant differences between groups with regard to age, sex, preoperative VAS score for back pain, cage height, cage angulation, preoperative DH, FH, FA, CCD, and FD (p > 0.05). The group that underwent posterior decompression showed statistically different numbers of treated segments (1.92 vs 1.21, p < 0.01), preoperative VAS leg score (7.9 vs 6.3), symptom duration (14.2 months vs 9.4 months), postoperative DH improvement (61.3% vs 96.2%), postoperative FH improvement (21.5% vs 32.1%), postoperative FA improvement (24.1% vs 36.9%), and cage height minus preoperative DH (5.3 mm vs 7.5 mm) compared with the nondecompression group.CONCLUSIONSThere appears to be some correlation between the need for posterior decompression and the number of treated segments, VAS leg scores, symptom duration, FH, FA, and difference between the cage height and preoperative DH. In selected patients undergoing staged surgery, indirect decompression without direct decompression may be a reasonable option in treating degenerative spinal conditions.
PEEK interbody devices for multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: association with more than 6-fold higher rates of pseudarthrosis compared to structural allograft
Authors: Teton Zoe E. , Cheaney Barry , Obayashi James T. , Than Khoi D. 
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVECommon interbody graft options for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) include allograft and polyetheretherketone (PEEK). PEEK has gained popularity due to its radiolucent properties and a modulus of elasticity similar to that of bone. PEEK devices also result in higher billing costs than allograft, which may drive selection. A previous study found a 5-fold higher rate of pseudarthrosis with the use of PEEK devices compared with structural allograft in single-level ACDF. Here the authors report on the occurrence of pseudarthrosis with PEEK devices versus structural allograft in patients who underwent multilevel ACDF.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed 81 consecutive patients who underwent a multilevel ACDF and had radiographic follow-up for at least 1 year. Data were collected on age, sex, BMI, tobacco use, pseudarthrosis, and rate of reoperation for pseudarthrosis. Logistic regression was used for data analysis.RESULTSOf 81 patients, 35 had PEEK implants and 46 had structural allograft. There were no significant differences between age, sex, smoking status, or BMI in the 2 groups. There were 26/35 (74%) patients with PEEK implants who demonstrated radiographic evidence of pseudarthrosis, compared with 5/46 (11%) patients with structural allograft (p < 0.001, OR 22.2). Five patients (14%) with PEEK implants required reoperation for pseudarthrosis, compared with 0 patients with allograft (p = 0.013).CONCLUSIONSThis study reinforces previous findings on 1-level ACDF outcomes and suggests that the use of PEEK in multilevel ACDF results in statistically significantly higher rates of radiographic pseudarthrosis and need for revision surgery than allograft. Surgeons should consider these findings when determining graft options, and reimbursement policies should reflect these discrepancies.
Relationship between Eating and Digestive Symptoms and Respiratory Function in Advanced Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Patients
Authors: Lee Jang Woo , Oh Hyun Jun , Choi Won Ah , Kim Dong Jin , Kang Seong-Woong 
Published: January 2020

Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients can have various issues that affect their quality of life, including eating and digestive conditions. Objective: We sought to identify the relationship between respiratory function and various eating and digestion related symptoms in patients with advanced Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Methods: Eating and digestive symptoms, including loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, swallowing difficulty, mastication difficulty, early satiety, and aspiration, were evaluated among patients with advanced DMD who were nonambulatory and required noninvasive mechanical ventilatory support. In addition, various respiratory function parameters were measured, including forced vital capacity (FVC), maximal insufflation capacity (MIC), peak cough flow (PCF), assisted PCF (APCF), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP). We then analyzed the relationship between gastrointestinal symptoms and respiratory function parameters. Results: A total of 180 patients (age, 22.3±5.0 years) were included in the analysis. Loss of appetite and early satiety showed no correlation with any of the respiratory function parameters. Constipation was correlated with MEP; swallowing difficulty was correlated with MIC, APCF, MIP and MEP; and mastication difficulty was correlated with FVC, PCF, APCF, MIP, and MEP. Notably, age did not correlate with any gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusions: Eating and digestive symptoms are more closely correlated with respiratory function than with age in patients with DMD. We think this correlation is mainly caused by the skeletal muscle strength, which is major determinant of both digestive and respiratory function.
Evaluation of geometrical uncertainties on localized prostate radiotherapy of patients with bilateral metallic hip prostheses using 3D-CRT, IMRT and VMAT: A planning study
Authors: Soda Rikana , Hatanaka Shogo , Hariu Masatsugu , Shimbo Munefumi , Yamano Takafumi , Nishimura Keiichiro , Kondo Shuichi , Utsumi Nobuko , Takahashi Takeo 
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVE: Since most radiation treatment plans are based on computed tomography (CT) images, which makes it difficult to define the targeted tumor volume located near a metal implant, this study aims to evaluate and compare three treatment plans in order to optimally reduce geometrical uncertainty in external radiation treatment of localized prostate cancer. METHODS: Experimental subjects were three prostate patients with bilateral hip prosthesis who had undergone radical radiotherapy. The treatment plans were five-field three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT), fixed 5-field intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) using similar gantry angles, and single-arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). The monitor units (MUs), dose volume histograms (DVHs), the dose indices of planning target volume (PTV), clinical target volume (CTV) and rectum were compared among the three techniques. The geometrical uncertainties were evaluated by shifting the iso-center (2– 10 mm in the anterior, posterior, left, right, superior, and inferior directions). The CTV and rectum dose indexes with and without the iso-center shifts were compared in each plan. RESULTS: The Conformity Index of PTV were 1.35 in 3D-CRT, 1.12 in IMRT, and 1.04 in VMAT, respectively. The rectum doses in 3D-CRT are also higher than those in IMRT and VMAT. The iso-center shift little affected the CTV dose when smaller than the margin size. The rectum dose increased especially after a posterior shift. Additionally, this dose increase was larger in the VMAT plan than in the 3D– CRT plan. However, the VMAT achieved a superior rectum DVH to that of 3D– CRT, and this effect clearly exceeded the rectum-dose increase elicited by the iso-center shift. CONCLUSION: For radiotherapy treatment of localized prostate cancer in patients with hip prosthesis, the dose distribution was better in the VMAT and Metal Artifact Reduction (MAR)–CT image methods than the conventional methods. Because the anatomical structure of the male pelvic region is relatively constant among individuals, we consider that VMAT is a valid treatment plan despite analyzing just three cases.
Energy Consumption and Foreign Direct Investment Inflows in Nigeria: An Empirical Perspective
Authors: Olaoye Olusegun Peter , Aderemi Timothy Ayomitunde , John Nwagwu Chinedu , Jude-Okeke Yvonne , Ezinwa Azuh Dominic 
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between energy consumption and foreign direct investment in Nigeria over the period of 1990 to 2017. Consequently, Data were collected from UNCTAD World Bank database, World Data Atlas and CBN Statistical Bulletin respectively. Cointegration, DOLS and Granger Causality approach were employed to address the objective of the study. The major findings in this study are summarized as follow. Energy consumption and FDI inflow have a significant negative relationship with each other. There is a significant positive relationship between energy consumption and oil exports. However, openness of the economy and energy consumption have a non-significant negative relationship. In the same vein, there is an existence of a unidirectional causality which runs from FDI to oil exports in Nigeria. There is one way causal relationship running from energy consumption to oil exports. FDI inflows Granger Causes energy consumption. Meanwhile, energy consumption Granger Causes openness of the economy. Due to the findings that emerged in this study, it is important that this study recommends the following to the policy makers in Nigeria since energy consumption does not drive FDI inflows the policy makers in the country should provide a conducive climate that will facilitate the accessibility of foreign investors to primary energy consumption in the country. Also, the country should improve the value addition to the production of primary energy so that its consumption could be competitive in the global market.Keywords: Energy; Consumption; FDI; Oil Exports and NigeriaJEL Classifications: F21, F23DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.8489
EFEKTIVITAS DAN PENGARUH PNPM MANDIRI PERDESAAN, ALOKASI DANA DESA, PENDAPATAN ASLI DESA DAN JUMLAH PENDUDUK TERHADAP JUMLAH KEPALA KELUARGA MISKINDI KABUPATEN KEBUMEN TAHUN 2009-2011
Authors: Astuti Prihartini Budi 
Published: January 2020

Permasalahan kemiskinan merupakan permasalahan yang kompleks dan multidimensional, oleh karena itu upaya pengentasan kemiskinan harus dilakukan secara komprehensif, mencakup berbagai aspek kehidupan masyarakat dan dilaksanakan secara terpadu. Masalah kemiskinan di Indonesia tidak dapat dipisahkan dari konteks kelembagaan dan tata kelola pemerintahan. Setelah kurang lebih enam tahun sejak pelaksanaan otonomi daerah, sejumlah tantangan tetap ada, namun proses desentralisasi memiliki potensi untuk lebih meningkatkan kesejahteraan dengan membawa pelayanan lebih dekat kepada masyarakat Indonesia, dan terutama kepada orang miskin. Upaya pengurangan kemiskinan sedang dalam proses menjadi lokal, dan pemerintah daerah kini mengikuti jejak nasional dalam menyiapkan strategi pengurangan kemiskinan.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dan pengaruh PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan Simpan Pinjam Perempuan (SPP) , PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan Non-SPP, Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD), Pendapatan Asli Desa (PADs) dan jumlah penduduk terhadap jumlah keluarga miskin di Kabupaten Kebumen pada tahun 2009-2011 baik secara parsial maupun simultan.
Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa variabel PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan Simpan Pinjam Perempuan (SPP) berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap jumlah KK miskin dengan nilai koefisien sebesar 0,005459, PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan Non-SPP berpengaruh negatif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap jumlah KK miskin dengan nilai koefisien sebesar -0,002676, Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD) berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap jumlah KK miskin dengan nilai koefisien sebesar -0,010433, Pendapatan Asli Desa (PADs) berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap jumlah KK miskin dengan nilai koefisien sebesar -0,022590 sedangkan variabel Jumlah Penduduk berpengaruh secara negatif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap jumlah KK miskin dengan nilai koefisien sebesar -0,017860. Dari hasil analisis tersebut, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan Simpan Pinjam Perempuan (SPP), PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan Non-SPP, Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD), dan Pendapatan Asli Desa (PADs) efektif dalam pengentasan kemiskinan di Kabupaten Kebumen tahun 2009 â€“ 2011, karena secara umum telah terjadi keberhasilan program, keberhasilan sasaran dan pencapaian tujuan secara menyeluruh.