bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Vividness, Blackness, Depth, and Whiteness Scales Under High Range of Luminance Levels
Authors: Li Molin , Zhu Yuechen , Luo Ming Ronnier 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTTwo‐dimensional (2D) color appearance scales, including attributes such as whiteness, blackness, vividness, and depth, are closely aligned with our daily experiences and are thus highly sought after. This article presents a psychophysical experiment utilizing the magnitude estimation method under four levels of luminance (10, 100, 1000, and 10 000 cd/m2). Observers evaluated both traditional one‐dimensional scales (brightness, colorfulness, and hue) and 2D scales (whiteness, blackness, vividness, and depth). The collected data were utilized to evaluate existing color appearance models, including CIECAM16, CAM16‐UCS, V*ab, and D*ab. Subsequently, new scales derived from the CAM16‐UCS model were developed to more accurately reflect the experimental data. These scales were further validated against independent data sets. The findings indicated that the scales developed from this study outperformed existing models when applied to external data sets. Moreover, Berns's scales for vividness and depth demonstrated strong predictive accuracy. Finally, four simple and accurate 2D scales are proposed.
Validation and Reliability of the Dyslexia Adult Checklist in Screening for Dyslexia
Authors: Stark Z. , Elalouf K. , Soldano V. , Franzen L. , Johnson A. P. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDyslexia is a language‐based neurobiological and developmental learning disability marked by inaccurate and disfluent word recognition, poor decoding, and difficulty spelling. Individuals can be diagnosed with and experience symptoms of dyslexia throughout their lifespan. Screening tools such as the Dyslexia Adult Checklist allow individuals to self‐evaluate common risk factors of dyslexia prior to or in lieu of obtaining costly and timely psychoeducational assessments. Although widely available online, the Dyslexia Adult Checklist has yet to be validated. The purpose of this study was to validate this Checklist in a sample of adults with and without dyslexia using both univariate and multivariate statistical approaches. We hypothesised that the Dyslexia Adult Checklist would accurately distinguish between individuals with a self‐reported diagnosis of dyslexia (n = 200) and a control group (n = 200), as measured by total scores on the screening tool. Results from our sample found the Dyslexia Adult Checklist to be valid (Cronbach's α = 0.86), and reliable (sensitivity = 76%–91.5%, specificity = 80%–88%). Compared to the originally proposed cut‐off score of 45, given the higher sensitivity rate and negative predictive value, we recommend researchers and clinicians use a cut‐off score of 40 to indicate possible mild to severe symptoms of dyslexia when using the Dyslexia Adult Checklist.
Study on the Adsorption Mechanism of Hydrophobic SiO2 Nanoparticles: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Zhou Runnan , Wang Yuyuan , Zhang Dong , Ye Peng , Wei Jianguang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn recent years, with increasing global demand for oil and gas resources and continuous decline in conventional oil and gas production, the global development focus has shifted from conventional medium to high permeability reservoirs to low permeability and tight oil reservoirs. As a result, nanoparticles (NPs) have found a promising role in enhanced oil recovery as potential improved oil recovery agents in low permeability. Despite many experiments that have proved that nanoparticles can be adsorbed on the rock surface in a macroscopic perspective, the adsorption mechanism and the effects of molecular structure on the adsorption behavior of nanoparticles on rock surfaces remain scarce. Here, the fundamental phenomena involved in hydrophobic nanoparticles adsorption on rock surface and the effect of mineral composition on adsorption mechanism were elucidated by the analysis of molecular dynamics simulation. The simulation results show that water molecules could form two adsorption layers on both quartz and kaolinite surfaces. Hydration layer thickness of kaolinite is greater than that of the quartz surface. The solid/liquid interface hydration layer thickness of quartz–water system is approximately 0.71 nm, while the thickness of kaolinite–water system is approximately 0.75 nm. Furthermore, coulombic interactions are the main influencing factor for the stable adsorption of nanoparticles on the wall. Nanoparticles can only break through the first adsorption layer to absorb on the layer. Finally, wetting angle tests were conducted which indicated that SiO2 nanoparticles can be adsorbed on the surface and have a good wetting reversal effect. Our study highlights the adsorption mechanism of nanoparticles on a molecular level, which may help to promote the development of low permeability and tight oil reservoirs.
Forecasting the Realized Volatility of Stock Markets: The Roles of Jumps and Asymmetric Spillovers
Authors: Al Rababaa Abdel Razzaq , Mensi Walid , McMillan David , Kang Sang Hoon 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper evaluates the roles of jump and sign‐asymmetry spillovers in forecasting the realized volatility in a large sample of 20 stock markets. We compare for the first time whether controlling for either the jumps or asymmetric spillovers into the heterogeneous autoregressive–realized volatility (HAR‐RV) model improves the forecasts over 1, 5 and 22 days. Before doing so, the spillovers predictors are generated. In analyzing the spillover process, we find that the US stock market remains the main net transmitter of shocks, and while China is relatively detached from the spillover linkages, such effects may be transmitted through Hong Kong, which is a significant receiver of shocks. The out‐of‐sample results reveal that the incorporation of jump spillovers improves forecast performance the most across a range of measures. This is more clearly demonstrated at the 22‐day forecasting horizon more notably in Europe, France, Germany, India, and the United Kingdom. Lastly, irrespective of the forecasting horizon, performing the predicting stability test uncovers significant improvements in the jump spillover–based model during periods of notable market stress such as the 2014–2016 oil price crash and COVID‐19. Overall, results suggest paying more attention to jump spillover while constructing international portfolios based on the realized volatility.
Time‐restricted versus standard‐duration immunosuppression after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Results of the prospective randomized HOVON‐96 trial
Authors: Broers Annoek E. C. , Meijer Ellen , van der Holt Bronno , de Jong Cornelis N. , Nur Erfan , van Sluis Geerte L. , Choi Goda , van Gelder Michel , Maertens Johan A. , Kuball Jürgen , Deeren Dries , Visser‐Wisselaar Heleen A. , Meulendijks Lamberdina A. H. M. , Cornelissen Jan J. ,   the HOVON Stem Cell Transplantation Working Group
Published: December 2024

AbstractCyclosporine A combined with mycophenolate mofetil (CsA/MMF) has become an established regimen for the prevention of graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) following non‐myeloablative (NMA) allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). However, the optimal duration of immunosuppression (IS) has not yet been defined and overtreatment is of concern. We hypothesized that time‐restricted IS with CsA/MMF would increase the proportion of patients with non‐severe GVHD compared to standard‐duration IS, thereby resulting in reduction of the relapse rate and improvement of progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). In a prospective randomized, multicenter, phase III trial, patients were allocated (1:1) to standard or time‐restricted IS. A total of 389 patients were randomized, of whom 369 were transplanted (184 vs. 185 patients). The primary endpoint, the proportion of patients with non‐severe GVHD defined as acute GVHD grades I–II without gut involvement or chronic GVHD not requiring systemic treatment within 180 days posttransplant, was 23% after standard‐duration IS versus 24% after time‐restricted IS (odds ratio: 1.02; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63–1.66, p = 0.92). The cumulative incidence of grade III–IV acute GVHD at 6 months posttransplant was not significantly different (14% vs. 18%; p = 0.20). The two‐year cumulative incidence of chronic extensive GVHD was 50% versus 46% (p = 0.62). There were no significant differences in the rates of relapse/progression, non‐relapse mortality, PFS, OS, and GVHD‐free, relapse‐free survival. Time‐restricted IS with CsA/MMF did not increase the proportion of patients with non‐severe GVHD, and secondary outcomes were not different compared to standard‐duration IS following NMA‐matched alloHSCT.
Living in the Minds of Others: How Pudor and Social Judgements Affect Women's Cervical Cancer Screening Uptake in Mozambique?
Authors: Fulane Gefra , Major Maria , Lorenzoni Cesaltina 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMozambique introduced its cervical cancer screening programme in 2009, but only 3.5% of the target women participate in screening annually. While previous research has focused on provision and access to service, and women's cognitive barriers to screening, this study explores the emotional factors, particularly pudor, that affect women's acceptance of screening. Using an institutional work perspective, we conducted an explanatory case study involving documental analysis and primary data collection through semi‐structured interviews, focus group discussions, direct observations, and informal conversations with 121 participants, including women, health professionals, and family members from Xai‐Xai in Southern Mozambique. Our findings reveal that pudor, an emotion tied to a deep‐seated sense of reserve rooted in patriarchal culture and masculine dominance, plays a significant role in limiting women's motivation to participate in screening. This emotion, shaped by social and cultural norms around privacy, intimacy, and sexuality, leads women to view cervical cancer screening as culturally unacceptable, often responding with attitudes emphasising modesty and avoidance. These findings underscore the importance of addressing emotional factors in health care strategies and considering the sociocultural context that influences health behaviours.
Spatio‐Temporal Variability of Hyporheic Exchange Processes Across a Stream Network
Authors: Glaser Clarissa , Gilfedder Benjamin S. , Zarfl Christiane 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHyporheic exchange processes (HEP) play a critical role in controlling riverine biogeochemical turnover and ecological functioning. Despite the expected scaling of HEP across stream networks, only limited knowledge exists about how HEP changes over the hydrological year and across the stream network. This study investigates spatial and temporal changes in HEP in a second‐ to fourth‐order stream network in southern Germany. We employed radon, an environmental tracer commonly used for quantifying HEP, to study the relationships between HEP and discharge. Numerical mass‐balance modelling was applied to quantify HEP, and we specifically focused on the hyporheic area (As) and the stream's cross‐sectional area (A). Our findings showed a decrease in As/A with increasing stream order, indicating changes of HEP across the stream network. The absence of a correlation of As with discharge implies that the scaling of HEP may be influenced by a combination of discharge and local heterogeneities in stream geomorphology. Temporal variability in HEP was observed over the hydrological year, with the highest variability in headwater streams. Lower As values were noted in headwaters during summer compared to the other seasons and coincided with an increased groundwater contribution to the streamflow and decreased stream discharge. Although neither stream or groundwater discharge were identified as driving factors for reduced HEP in the headwaters during summer, our findings suggest that hydrological processes that lead to decreased streamflow in headwaters may have influenced HEP further downstream in the stream network. This is evidenced by the larger As/A ratios observed in higher‐order streams during summer compared to other seasons. These findings highlight the necessity for comprehensive investigations of HEP processes over the hydrological year and across the whole stream network.
Salvage robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection for radiorecurrent prostate cancer in a patient with a previous history of rectal cancer surgery
Authors: Imasato Naoki , Yajima Shugo , Ogasawara Ryo Andy , Inoue Minoru , Hirose Kohei , Sekiya Ken , Kataoka Madoka , Nakanishi Yasukazu , Masuda Hitoshi 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionSevere adhesions render salvage robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy challenging in the treatment of patients with prostate cancer who have previously undergone colorectal cancer surgery.Case presentationA 76‐year‐old Japanese man who had previously undergone low anterior resection for rectal cancer presented with an elevated prostate‐specific antigen level, indicating a recurrence of prostate cancer that had been treated with intensity‐modulated radiation and androgen deprivation therapies. During the salvage robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection, severe adhesions were noted between the posterior aspect of the prostate and the intestine. The adhesions were successfully dissected under digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasound guidance.ConclusionSalvage robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy after rectal cancer can be challenging. The use of transrectal ultrasound and digital rectal examination can facilitate the procedure. Screening for prostate cancer prior to colorectal cancer surgery could potentially allow for simultaneous resections.
Design and Analysis of Microstrip Line Fed Gap Coupled Triple Band Slotted Patch Antenna for WiMAX, WLAN, and Sub‐6 GHz 5G Applications
Authors: Verma Ramesh Kumar , Bali Vikram , Kumar Akhilesh , Pattanayak Prabina , Prasad Ravi Kant , Singh Maninder 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a gap coupled triple band slot loaded microstrip patch antenna with parasitic patches. It consist inverted U‐shape and inverted T‐shape open‐ended slots along with a rectangular slot at center of patch. The inverted U‐shape open‐ended slot generates a driven patch at bottom side and an inverted U‐shape parasitic patch at middle side of patch while inverted T‐shape open‐ended slot generates two rectangular shape parasitic patches of same dimension at top side of patch. The proposed gap coupled antenna covers 2.29 to 2.77 GHz in first band, 3.25 to 3.65 GHz in second band and 4.67 to 5.72 GHz in third band with return losses of −23.2, −19.90, and −38.06 dB, respectively. The proposed antenna resonates at 2.57, 3.48, and 5.37 GHz with fractional bandwidth of 18.97% (480 MHz), 11.59% (400 MHz), and 20.21% (1050 MHz), respectively. The return loss and bandwidth of presented antenna is increases gradually by loading inverted U‐shape and inverted T‐shape open‐ended slots along with a rectangular slot in antenna patch. The proposed antenna exhibits stable peak gain of 4.45, 4.81, and 5.26 dBi and efficiency of 89.5%, 89%, and 90% in three resonating bands. The antenna resonating bands are applicable for WiMAX: 2.5/3.5/5.5 GHz (2.5–2.69, 3.4–3.69, and 5.25–5.85 GHz), WLAN: 2.4/5.2 GHz (2.4–2.484 and 5.15–5.35 GHz) and sub‐6 GHz 5G: 3.5 GHz (3.3–3.8 GHz). The size of antenna is 40 mm × 50 mm (0.34 ×  at frequency 2.57 GHz). The gap coupled antenna geometry is fed by microstrip line feed and simulated by IE3D simulation tool.
Powdered human milk‐derived versus bovine milk‐derived breastmilk fortification: A multi‐centre preterm randomised controlled trial
Authors: Berrington Janet , Johnson Mark , Garg Shalabh , Stewart Christopher , Lamb Christopher , Palmer Jeremy , Embleton Nicholas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare faecal calprotectin, plasma amino acids and clinical outcomes in preterm infants receiving powdered human milk‐based fortifier (PHMF) compared to powdered bovine milk‐based fortifier (PBMF) in preterm infants on an otherwise exclusive human milk diet.MethodsA randomised controlled trial in infants <32 weeks of gestation or <1500 g who only received human milk and had reached full enteral feeds (150 mL/kg/day), without pre‐existing gastrointestinal morbidity. Primary outcome was faecal calprotectin within 21 days of starting fortification; secondary outcomes were calprotectin at discharge, plasma amino acids and clinical outcomes, including growth and neonatal morbidities.ResultsThe trial stopped early after the manufacturer's withdrawal of PHMF. Thirty‐one infants were enroled, three without informative sampling, leaving 14 per group. No statistical differences were seen in faecal calprotectin on Day 7 (236 mcg/g PHMF vs. 303 mcg/g PBMF, p = 0.90) or 21 (135 mcg/g PHMF vs. 315 mcg/g PBMF, p = 0.21). Adjusting for gestation and day of life, and including all time points after enrolment to discharge, fortifier type did not impact faecal calprotectin (coefficient estimate −7.13, 95% confidence interval = −172 to 158, p = 0.93). Rates of key neonatal morbidities did not differ. PHMF infants grew more slowly reaching statistical significance in change in weight standard deviation score at discharge compared to PBMF infants (mean (standard deviation) −0.94 (0.7) PHMF vs. −0.24 (0.8) PBMF, p = 0.02).ConclusionsWe did not detect reduced gut inflammation as measured by faecal calprotectin in PHMF compared to PBMF but weight gain was slower, of potential clinical importance.
Effects of oligosaccharides, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and d‐allulose as a compound improver on the quality of sugar‐reduced bread
Authors: Xiao Zirou , Wu Shuang , Liang Hongshan , Li Bin , Li Jing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDGrowing public concern over the health risks of high‐sugar diets has led to a consensus on the necessity of sugar reduction. This research evaluated the effects of oligosaccharides (OS), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMCNa) and d‐allulose as a compound improver on the quality of sugar‐reduced bread, aiming to assess the feasibility of substantial sucrose reduction at the same time as maintaining desirable bread characteristics.RESULTSCompared to bread with a 90% sugar reduction, the improved formulation increased specific volume by 50.14% and reduced hardness by 66.69%. It exhibited a homogeneous structure and crust color closely resembling that of full‐sugar bread. Low‐field NMR analysis revealed better moisture control, delaying water loss and starch retrogradation, with relative crystallinity and retrogradation enthalpy decreased by 45.31% and 59.96%, respectively. Additionally, the combination of XOS and d‐allulose boosted volatile compound production, increasing the abundance of aldehydes, esters and heterocyclic compounds, enriching the flavor with fruity and baked aromas.CONCLUSIONThe improvers enhanced the texture, appearance, flavor and storage stability of sugar‐reduced bread, yielding qualities that are comparable to or even surpass conventional bread. These findings provide a new insight for the development of quality improvers designed for sugar‐reduced bakery products. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Incomplete Resection Is Twice as Likely in Locally Advanced Mucinous Compared to Nonmucinous Rectal Adenocarcinoma: A National Propensity‐Matched Analysis
Authors: Hendrick Leah E. , Naffouje Samer , Imanirad Iman , Pereira Allan Lima , Biachi Tiago , Sanchez Julian , Dessureault Sophie , Stefanou Amalia , Dineen Sean P. , Felder Seth 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesRectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MA) has poor response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NCR) and higher involved radial surgical margin rates than nonmucinous rectal adenocarcinoma (NMA).MethodsThe National Cancer Database (2010–2018) was queried for adult patients with clinical stage II and III rectal cancer. Patients with MA and NMA treated with NCR and total mesorectal excision (TME) were identified. We sought to evaluate differences in pathologic downstaging and completeness of resection between MA and NMA rectal adenocarcinoma.ResultsWe identified 13 294 patients, 12 655 (95.2%) NMA and 639 (4.8%) MA. After 3:1 propensity score matching for pathologic outcomes, 1707 NMA and 569 MA patients were included. MA patients had more involved distal (2.1% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.047) and radial (29% vs. 15%, p < 0.001) margins, and less pathologic downstaging (49% vs. 55%, p = 0.015). Among MA patients, minimally invasive resection had higher distal (2.1% vs. 1.4%, p = 0.65) and radial margin involvement (35% vs. 26%, p = 0.09) compared to open resection. Incomplete resection rates were similar between low anterior and abdominoperineal resection.ConclusionsTME of locally advanced rectal MA treated with NCR resulted in nearly double the involved radial surgical margins compared to NMA. Operative approach should be carefully considered. Extended or extra‐mesorectal resection may reduce the risk of incomplete resection.
Uniform Macromolecules: Performance of Common Analytic Instruments in Detecting Impurities
Authors: Bohn Philipp , Frölich Maximiliane , Hahn Daniel , Schneider Rebekka V. , Meier Michael A. R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInspired by the highly defined structure of biomacromolecules, e.g. deoxyribonuleic acid (DNA) and proteins, the preparation and characterization of sequence‐defined and uniform macromolecules gained interest in polymer chemistry. With the development of various synthetic approaches, the challenge of analyzing and confirming the uniform structures emerged. Here, the investigation on the performance of common analytical instruments for the characterization of uniform macromolecules regarding impurities of ±1 in degree of oligomerization is presented. Thus, different mixtures containing oligomers differing in one repeating unit of oligo(ethylene glycol)s (OEG)s, oligo(phenylene ethynylene)s (OPE)s, and Passerini oligomers, respectively, are synthesized, and analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and high‐resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR‐ESI‐MS). These results demonstrate the indispensability of a careful characterization using more than one technique for determining uniformity. In particular, the obtained SEC results show that it is a powerful tool for purity determination of low molecular weight oligomers.