bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of sodium–glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibition according to left ventricular ejection fraction in DAPA‐HF
Authors: Dewan Pooja , Solomon Scott D. , Jhund Pardeep S. , Inzucchi Silvio E. , Køber Lars , Kosiborod Mikhail N. , Martinez Felipe A. , Ponikowski Piotr , DeMets David L. , Sabatine Marc S. , Bengtsson Olof , Sjöstrand Mikaela , Langkilde Anna Maria , Anand Inder S. , Bělohlávek Jan , Chopra Vijay K. , Dukát Andrej , Kitakaze Masafumi , Merkely Béla , O'Meara Eileen , Schou Morten , Vinh Pham Nguyen , McMurray John J.V. ,   DAPA‐HF Investigators and Committees
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to examine whether left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) modified efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin 10 mg compared with placebo in the 4744 patients with LVEF ≤40% randomized in the Dapagliflozin And Prevention of Adverse‐outcomes in Heart Failure trial (DAPA‐HF).Methods and resultsWe examined whether LVEF, analysed categorically or continuously, modified the effect of dapagliflozin. The primary efficacy outcome was the composite of a worsening heart failure (HF) event (unplanned HF hospitalization/an urgent HF visit requiring intravenous therapy) or cardiovascular death. Mean LVEF was 31.1% and LVEF categories analysed were: <26% (n = 1143), 26–30% (n = 1018), 31–35% (n = 1187), and >35% (n = 1396). Each 5% decrease in LVEF was associated with a higher risk of the primary outcome [hazard ratio (HR) 1.18; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13–1.24]. The benefit of dapagliflozin was consistent across the spectrum of LVEF: the dapagliflozin vs. placebo HR was 0.75 (95% CI 0.59–0.95) for LVEF <26%, 0.75 (0.57–0.98) for LVEF 26–30%, 0.67 (0.51–0.89) for LVEF 31–35%, and 0.83 (0.63–1.09) for LVEF >35% (P for interaction = 0.762). Similarly, the effect of dapagliflozin on the components of the primary endpoint was not modified by baseline LVEF (P for interaction for cardiovascular death = 0.974, and for worsening HF = 0.161). Safety of dapagliflozin was also consistent across the range of LVEF and neither efficacy nor safety were modified by diabetes status.ConclusionLeft ventricular ejection fraction was a significant predictor of hospitalization and mortality in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction but did not modify the beneficial effect of dapagliflozin, overall or separately, in patients with and without diabetes.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03036124
Tapered stem geometry provides superior initial fixation stability to cylindrical stem geometry in the setting of severe bone loss: A finite element analysis
Authors: Kosmopoulos Victor , Russell Robert D. , Rodrigues Danieli C. , Bucci Gabriella , Huo Michael H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInitial stability of cementless stems used in total hip arthroplasty (THA) is critical for subsequent osseointegration at the bone/implant interface. In the setting of revision THA, there is frequently less intact femoral bone available for fixation of the new stem. This study aims to compare the initial fixation stability between a cylindrical and tapered stem, designed for diaphyseal fixation in a revision THA setting, with increasing bone defect severity. Using finite element analysis, severe Paprosky Type III femoral bone defects were simulated. The cylindrical stem had a 13.3% higher construct stiffness as compared to the tapered stem for the least severe bone defect modeled. In contrast, for the most severe bone defect, the tapered stem showed a 12.3% higher construct stiffness than the cylindrical stem. At the bone/implant interface, the tapered design resulted in less than 20 μm of maximum tangential micromotion for all the bone defect models, whereas the cylindrical stem exceeded 20 μm for all and was as high as 70 μm in the most severe case. Given the limitations of the models presented, the results suggest the tapered stem obtained superior initial fixation as compared to cylindrical stem with increasing bone defect severity.
Imposing accurate wall boundary conditions in corrective‐matrix‐based moving particle semi‐implicit method for free surface flow
Authors: Duan Guangtao , Matsunaga Takuya , Yamaji Akifumi , Koshizuka Seiichi , Sakai Mikio 
Published: June 2020

SummaryCorrective matrix that is derived to restore consistency of discretization schemes can significantly enhance accuracy for the inside particles in the Moving Particle Semi‐implicit method. In this situation, the error due to free surface and wall boundaries becomes dominant. Based on the recent study on Neumann boundary condition (Matsunaga et al, CMAME, 2020), the corrective matrix schemes in MPS are generalized to straightforwardly and accurately impose Neumann boundary condition. However, the new schemes can still easily trigger instability at free surface because of the biased error caused by the incomplete/biased neighbor support. Therefore, the existing stable schemes based on virtual particles and conservative gradient models are applied to free surface and nearby particles to produce a stable transitional layer at free surface. The new corrective matrix schemes are only applied to the particles under the stable transitional layer for improving the wall boundary conditions. Three numerical examples of free surface flows demonstrate that the proposed method can help to reduce the pressure/velocity fluctuations and hence enhance accuracy further.
Platysma skin flap: Laryngeal repair material to produce phonatory flap vibrational wave
Authors: Chen Ling , Chen Renhui , Guan Zhong , Lin Peiliang , Liang Faya , Han Ping , Yang Jinshan , Zhu Wenying , Cai Qian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe platysma skin flap was used for laryngeal reconstruction after vertical partial laryngectomy to improve the postoperative voice quality of patients with T2 and T3 glottic laryngeal carcinoma. Sixty‐nine patients with unilateral T2 and T3 glottic laryngeal carcinoma were included. Forty‐six patients received vertical partial laryngectomy, and a platysma skin flap was used for laryngeal reconstruction. The other 23 patients underwent transoral laser microsurgery. Subjective and objective examinations were performed to evaluate laryngeal morphology after the surgery. Acceptable voice quality was achieved for 46 patients who underwent vertical partial laryngectomy. Flap vibrational waves occurred in 19 cases (41.3%). The platysma skin flap is an ideal tissue for the reconstruction of articulation structure in open surgery of T2 and T3 unilateral glottic laryngeal carcinoma.
A Mystery Tale: Nickel Is Fickle When Snails Fail—Investigating the Variability in Ni Toxicity to the Great Pond Snail
Authors: Crémazy Anne , Brix Kevin V , Smith D Scott , Chen Weibin , Grosell Martin , Schlekat Christian E , Garman Emily R , Middleton Elizabeth T , Wood Chris M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Dissolved Ni concentrations inhibiting the growth of juvenile great pond snails (Lymnaea stagnalis) have been documented to vary from about 1 to 200 µg L−1 Ni. This variability makes L. stagnalis either a moderately sensitive or the most sensitive freshwater species to chronic Ni exposure tested to date. Given the role of sensitive species in environmental risk assessment frameworks, it is particularly important to understand this variability, i.e., to characterize the factors that modulate Ni toxicity and that may confound toxicity test outcomes when uncontrolled. In the present study, we tested if this variability was due to analytical (growth calculation: biomass versus growth rate), environmental (water quality), lab-specific practices, and/or snail population differences among earlier studies. Specifically, we reanalyzed previously published Ni toxicity data and conducted additional measurements of Ni aqueous speciation, short-term Ni uptake, and chronic Ni toxicity with test waters and snail cultures used in previous studies. Corrections for Ni bioavailability and growth calculations explained a large degree of variability in the published literature. However, a residual 16-fold difference remained puzzling between 2 studies: Niyogi et al. (2014) (low ECxs) and Crémazy et al. (2018) (high ECxs). Indeed, differences in metal bioavailability due to water chemistry, lab-specific practices, and snail population sensitivity could not explain the large variation in Ni toxicity in these 2 very similar studies. Other potentially important toxicity-modifying factors were not directly evaluated in the present work: test duration, diet, snail holding conditions, and snail age at onset of testing. The present analysis highlights the need for further studies to elucidate 1) the mechanisms of growth inhibition in Ni-exposed L. stagnalis and 2) the important abiotic and biotic factors affecting this biological response. Until these processes are understood, substantial uncertainties will remain about inclusion of this species in Ni environmental risk assessment. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:983–997. © 2020 SETAC
Bone Density and Trabecular Morphology at Least 10 Years After Gastric Bypass and Gastric Banding
Authors: Lindeman Katherine G , Rushin Claire C , Cheney Michael C , Bouxsein Mary L , Hutter Matthew M , Yu Elaine W 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) instigates high-turnover bone loss in the initial 5 years after surgery, whereas skeletal changes after adjustable gastric banding (AGB) are less pronounced. Long-term skeletal data are scarce, and the mechanisms of bone loss remain unclear. We sought to examine bone density and microarchitecture in RYGB and AGB patients a decade after surgery and to determine whether prior published reports of bone loss represent an appropriate adaptation to new postsurgical weight. In this cross-sectional study, 25 RYGB and 25 AGB subjects who had bariatric surgery ≥10 years ago were matched 1:1 with nonsurgical controls for age, sex, and current body mass index (BMI). We obtained bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), volumetric BMD and microarchitecture by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT), trabecular morphology by individual trabecular segmentation, and metabolic bone laboratory results. As compared with BMI-matched controls, RYGB subjects had significantly lower hip BMD, and lower total volumetric BMD at the distal radius and tibia. Substantial deficits in cortical and trabecular microarchitecture were observed in the RYGB group compared to controls, with reduced trabecular plate bone volume fraction and estimated failure load at both the radius and tibia, respectively. Bone turnover markers CTX and P1NP were 99% and 77% higher in the RYGB group than controls, respectively, with no differences in serum calcium, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, or parathyroid hormone. In contrast, the AGB group did not differ from their BMI-matched controls in any measured bone density, microarchitecture, or laboratory parameter. Thus, RYGB, but not AGB, is associated with lower than expected hip and peripheral BMD for the new weight setpoint, as well as deleterious changes in bone microarchitecture. These findings suggest that pathophysiologic processes other than mechanical unloading or secondary hyperparathyroidism contribute to bone loss after RYGB, and have important clinical implications for the long-term care of RYGB patients. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Human papillomavirus elevated genetic biomarker signature by statistical algorithm
Authors: Tripathi Nimisha , Keshari Sneha , Shahi Pallavi , Maurya Poonam , Bhattacharjee Atanu , Gupta Kushal , Talole Sanjay , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the one of the most frequently found cancers in the world. The aim of the study was to find the genes responsible and enriched pathways associated with HNSCC using bioinformatics and survival analysis methods. A total of 646 patients with HNSCC based on clinical information were considered for the study. HNSCC samples were grouped according to the parameters (RFS, DFS, PFS, or OS). The probe ID of these 11 genes was retrieved by Affymetrix using the NetAffx Query algorithm. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and Kaplan–Meier curve were used to find associations among the genes' expression data. We found that among these 11 genes, nine genes, CCNA1, MMP3, FLRT3, GJB6, ZFR2, PITX2, SYCP2, MEI1, and UGT8 were significant (p < .05). A survival plot was drawn between the p value and gene expression. This study helped us find the nine significant genes which play vital roles in HNSCC along with their key pathways and their interaction with other genes in the PPI network. Finally, we found the biomarker index for relapse time and risk factors for HNSCC in cancer patients.
Bobby sox homolog regulates tooth root formation through modulation of dentin sialophosphoprotein
Authors: Ihn Hye Jung , Kim Ju Ang , Lim Jiwon , Nam Sang‐Hyeon , Hwang So Hyeon , Kim Young Kyung , Kim Jae‐Young , Kim Jung‐Eun , Cho Eui‐Sic , Jiang Rulang , Park Eui Kyun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTooth root development occurs through the interaction of multiple growth factors and transcription factors expressed in Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) and dental mesenchyme. Previously, we demonstrated that bobby sox homolog (Bbx) regulates odontoblast differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. Here, we generated Bbx knockout (Bbx−/−) mice to address the functional role of Bbx in tooth formation. During tooth development, Bbx was expressed in both dental epithelium and mesenchyme. However, molar and incisor morphology in Bbx−/− mice at postnatal Day 0 (P0) exhibited no prominent abnormalities compared with their wild‐type (Bbx+/+) littermates. Until P28, the crown morphology in Bbx−/− mice was not distinctively different from Bbx+/+ littermates. Meanwhile, the length of the mandibular base in Bbx−/− mice was notably less at P28. Compared with Bbx+/+ mice, the mesial and distal root lengths of the first molar were reduced by 21.33% and 16.28% at P14 and 16.28% and 16.24% at P28, respectively, in Bbx−/− mice. The second molar of Bbx−/− mice also showed 10.16% and 6.4% reductions at P28 in the mesial and distal lengths, compared with Bbx+/+ mice, respectively. The gene expression analysis during early tooth root formation (P13) showed that the expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp) was significantly decreased in Bbx−/− mice. Collectively, our data suggest that Bbx participates in tooth root formation and might be associated with the regulation of Dspp expression.
Fetal hydrometrocolpos with pre‐axial mirror polydactyly as a new variant of McKusick‐Kaufman syndrome
Authors: Traisrisilp Kuntharee , Nunthapiwat Sujinun , Luewan Suchaya , Tongsong Theera 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis report describes a variant of McKusick‐Kaufman syndrome presenting with a large fetal abdominal cyst of hydrometrocolpos at 37 weeks of gestation. The diagnosis was based on the ultrasound findings of a large homogeneous hypoechoic cyst (diameter of >10 cm) with incomplete septum, thickened wall, superiorly connecting to the dilated uterus, consistent with hydrometrocolpos. Additionally, pre‐axial mirror polydactyly of the left foot was suspected. Postnatal examination/work‐up confirmed the prenatal findings. This is the first report of prenatal diagnosis of hydrometrocolpos with complex polydactyly of mirror image pre‐axial duplications containing nine toes instead of six‐toe postaxial polydactyly.
Factors affecting supervisors' enactment of interpersonal fairness: The interactive relationship between their managers' informational fairness and supervisors' sense of power
Authors: Brockner Joel , De Cremer David , van Dijke Marius , De Schutter Leander , Holtz Brian , Van Hiel Alain 
Published: June 2020

SummaryManagerial trickle‐down effects refer to the tendency for supervisors to treat their subordinates in ways analogous to how they have been treated by their own bosses. Although trickle‐down effects are widely documented, including in the justice literature, less is known about the conditions under which they are more versus less likely to emerge. Across two studies, we examined how supervisors' tendencies to exhibit interpersonal fairness are interactively determined by the informational fairness they receive from managers above them and supervisors' sense of power. Study 1 was a multisource survey conducted in organizational settings. Study 2 was an experiment in which we manipulated the informational fairness that supervisors received from managers and supervisors' sense of power. The results of both studies showed that the positive relationship between the informational fairness received from managers and supervisors' enactment of interpersonal fairness was stronger among supervisors who had a lower sense of power. This interactive effect did not emerge on supervisors' enactment of other forms of fairness (distributive, procedural, and informational), consistent with prior theory and research showing that interpersonal fairness allows for greater discretion than other forms of fairness. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed as are limitations and suggestions for future research.
Trend analysis of extreme precipitation events across Iran using percentile indices
Authors: Mahbod Mehdi , Rafiee Mohammad Rafie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlthough a number of studies have been conducted on extreme precipitation trends in different parts of the world including Iran, a great number of such studies have reported only the total amount of daily precipitation greater than a certain percentage (e.g., 95%) of the long term data (R95p), ignoring other useful indices. To address this research gap, we used other modified indices, namely R95tot (fractional contribution of very wet days to annual total amounts), R95tt (fractional contribution of very wet days to the total annual obtained from fitted gamma probability distribution), and RS95 (same as R95tt except that it uses Weibull distribution and very wet days defined by 95 percentage of an individual year) by which the spatial and temporal changes of very wet days across Iran was assessed, 1985–2013. In addition, to evaluate the effect of the selected distribution on the results, a new index‐(RS95gm)—was introduced and reported. This index is similar to RS95, except that it uses gamma distribution instead of Weibull. According to trend analysis of R95p, R95tot, and R95tt, reduced frequency of extreme precipitation events was detected in some northwest, west and northeast parts of Iran. On the contrary, RS95 (RS95gm) results showed a higher frequency of extreme events across Iran. It was also demonstrated that while R95p, R95tot, and R95tt were unequivocally affected by changes in the mean wet‐day/ annual total precipitation, RS95 (RS95gm) was more influenced by changes in the distributional shape, showing more stable trends. Although RS95 and RS95gm were highly correlated with only 19% difference on average, their trend analysis results were not completely consistent (70% agreement). Thus, it may be concluded that any changes in statistical distribution in the calculation of the RS95 would have a considerable effect on whether the obtained trend is significant or not.
Cooking, Creativity, and Well‐Being: An Integration of Quantitative and Qualitative Methods
Authors: Mosko Jonathan E. , Delach Madilynn J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study seeks to uncover the benefits of participating in the act of cooking. The study was conducted in two phases at a mid‐sized private university on the East Coast: First was a phenomenological inquiry (n = 8), followed by a survey (n = 420). Measures included the Ryff scales of psychological well‐being and a survey of cooking attitudes and behaviors. Four distinct qualitative themes were identified in the first phase: cooking as a means of expressing creativity, positive attitudes about cooking, cooking as a valuable social opportunity, and cooking providing mood improvement. Cooking as a creative outlet was a key theme. We found small but significant correlations between frequency of cooking and the Ryff subscales of Environmental Mastery (r = .14, p < .003), Positive Relationships with Others (r = .11, p < .023), and Self‐Acceptance (r = .11, p < .020). A Chi‐squared 2x1 analysis indicates that survey participants have a significant preference for cooking for themselves and others as opposed to only cooking for themselves. Results suggest that cooking as a creative intervention may contribute to the improvement of mood, social connections, and personal acceptance, and that cooking as a creative act may be relevant to individual well‐being.
Features of Childhood Maltreatment and Resilience Capacity in Adulthood: Results from a Large Community‐Based Sample
Authors: Nishimi Kristen , Choi Karmel W. , Davis Kathryn A. , Powers Abigail , Bradley Bekh , Dunn Erin C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractChildhood maltreatment is consistently associated with poor outcomes. However, few epidemiological studies have examined the association between childhood maltreatment and adult resilience capacity, defined as one's perceived ability to cope successfully with challenges. This study aimed to determine associations between adult resilience capacity and specific types and features of childhood maltreatment. Participants were African American adults recruited from a public urban hospital in Atlanta, GA (N = 1,962) between 2005 and 2013. Childhood maltreatment, including witnessing domestic violence or physical, emotional, and sexual abuse, was assessed retrospectively using the Traumatic Events Inventory. Perceived resilience capacity was assessed using the Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale. Linear regressions were performed assessing the association between resilience capacity and childhood maltreatment exposure in general, as well as specific dimensions of exposure, including type, co‐occurrence, and developmental timing, adjusting for covariates. Participants exposed to any maltreatment reported lower resilience capacity than unexposed peers, B = −0.38, SE = 0.04, p < .001. All maltreatment types were negatively associated with resilience capacity, even after adjusting for other lifetime trauma exposure. Only emotional abuse remained significantly associated with resilience capacity after accounting for current psychological distress, B = −0.11, SE = 0.05, p = .022. Maltreatment co‐occurrence followed an inverse dose–response relationship with resilience capacity: For each additional maltreatment type, scores decreased by 0.18 units (SD = 0.02), p < .001. Finally, the developmental timing of maltreatment did not reveal any differential influences on resilience capacity. The results suggest that childhood emotional abuse and co‐occurrence of maltreatment types may be particularly deleterious to adult resilience capacity.