bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonmetallic Technologies Supporting Water Transport and Store Management in Drilling and Fracturing Operations
Authors: Badeghaish Wael , Noui-Mehidi Mohamed , Parvez Anwar 
Published: February 2020

Water is the one of the most important aspect in unconventional resources (UR) where reservoirs are fractured to create cracks in the deep-rock formations and accordingly boost gas and oil production. Large amount of water is daily consumed for fracturing and drilling operations. To streamline the water transportation and conservation in those operations, several nonmetallic (NM) based technologies have been developed replacing the conventional ones. In water transport management there are two types of NM flexible that are used, the retrievable water transfer flexiable piping called layflat hose and the steel reinforce thermoplastic pipe called (S-RTP), which provide a better alternative as they have higher flexibility and faster installation in the field. In addition, fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) modular and bladder/inflatable tanks are water storage systems that have been utilized widely to eliminate the expensive pits construction and enhancing water management.
The present papers highlights different NM water transport technologies replacing the current aluminum flowline, which provides many operational advantages. In addition, this paper presents a pipe-in liner technology for pipeline rehabilitation solutions. Besides, the paper presents technical information of modular and inflatable tank that would help eliminating the expensive construction and minimizing water splash/evaporation in the summer season. The technical qualification process of and successful field deployment of Layflat hose will be shared. This study will open the opportunity for further field deployments toward improving the water transport operation and minimizing the environment impact.
Development and Application of an Efficient Assisted History Matching Workflow Using Novel Algorithms
Authors: Shams Mohamed 
Published: February 2020

History matching is the process of calibrating reservoir models with actual production and pressure data. The model is considered calibrated if it can reproduce the historical data of the reservoir it represents. Only history matched models can be used to predict the reservoir future performance under different scenarios. Traditional history matching is carried out through trial and error sequences of adjusting model parameters until a satisfactory match is obtained. History matching is an inverse problem, and hence it may have non-unique solutions. History matching process is an ill posed problem, and it is often very time consuming. In recent years, several approaches have been introduced to assist the history matching process. Assisted history matching concept is inspired by the optimization theory which has been first introduced by Kantorovich in the area of mathematical programming. The history matching problem is converted to an optimization problem with the objective of minimizing the difference between observed and simulated data. The workflow of assisted history matching is usually composed of three main procedures: experimental design, proxy modeling, and optimization.
This work introduces a new assisted history matching workflow. The proposed workflow involves introducing a superior technique in each element of the typical assisted history matching workflow. Sobol sequence is the proposed experimental design technique whereas Kriging is used as the proxy modeling method. Three recently developed metaheuristic global optimization algorithms [firefly optimization (FFO), bee colony optimization (BCO), and harmony search optimization (HSO)] are used to optimize the created proxy model.
The following part of this work presents the methodology followed to prove the superiority of the newly proposed technique(s) in each step of the three main steps of the assisted history matching procedure. To show the effectiveness of the proposed methods, their performance in solving assisted history matching problems is compared with the latest algorithms commonly used in commercial assisted history matching programs. Three synthetic history matching problems of different reservoir engineering applications with variable complexity are used as test problems to compare the results with each other and validate the work conclusions. A performance indicator is developed to quantify the relative error between the estimated values of history matching parameters using the studied algorithms and the exact solutions.
The studied assisted history matching newly proposed techniques are applied on the three test problems and the results of each assisted history matching aspect are presented in the following section.
Application of a Cement Spacer as a LCM Pill During Drilling Operations to Overcome Lost Circulation and Regain Well Control: A Case History in a Hostile Environment in the Middle East
Authors: Mendez Morales Carlos 
Published: February 2020

Loss of circulation while drilling can create a multitude of problems during the well construction stage ranging from costly loss of drilling fluid and dry drilling up to well control issues leading to underground and surface blowout. Careful selection of casing depths to effectively isolate formations with varying pressure gradients from each other is essential for the integrity of the well and in consequence the safety and environment. Despite every care being taken in selecting casing points and drilling fluids that should keep the well in balance while avoiding overburden of the formation fracture pressure, losses can still occur suddenly and aggressively. In depleted carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East losses are a common occurrence which the majority of times are grueling to control through conventional methods.
This paper discusses the ingenious application of an all-natural polymer based cement spacer including lost circulation material that was successfully applied in a hostile gas field in the Middle East. These wells can recurrently present abnormal pressure, which often leads to a formation breakdown while trying to provide well control due to the heavy mud weights utilized. By maintaining full circulation it was possible to ensure the well remained static, thus achieving zonal isolation and completing the well.
Gas Production Optimization Using AICV Technology
Authors: Alali Zainab , Musharraf Abdullah , El-Fattah Mahmoud Abd , Mathiesen Vidar 
Published: February 2020

The main objective of this paper to present a pragmatic approach of managing excessive surface gas production in a heterogeneous reservoir setting through implementation of autonomous inflow control valves (AICV) technology. The gas production from the field is influenced by the presence of gas cap adding extra level of reservoir heterogeneity, which need to be properly characterized and managed.
The field can be characterized through integration of multiple static and dynamic data including; fluid data, dynamic pressure profile and pressure transient analysis. The area of interest with high gas production was further investigated for viable options to manage gas production and improve oil sweep conformance. AICV technology was successfully introduced in one of the horizontal wells with high GOR to shut-off unwanted gas production zones across the lateral.
Results have shown that the autonomous inflow control valve (AICV) was capable of sealing off sections with high gas production at completion joint while the oil production will continue producing from other zone along the lateral ensuring optimum oil production and recovery by being oil viscosity dependent. High GOR was ultimately controlled by yielding a significant reduction in surface gas production. Additionally, this reduction was accompanied by improved oil sweep efficiency.
This paper represents a viable solution to manage gas production and improve oil sweep efficiency in a heterogeneous reservoir setting associated with a free gas production. The AICV combines the best from passive inflow control device (ICD), Autonomous ICD and smart wells (ICV). This fit for purpose technology allows for autonomous oil re-production after gas breakthrough with minimal surface intervention. The AICV design is adapted to the reservoir conditions and requirements in the relevant field.
Data Driven Optimization of Sidetrack Operation Planning and Execution
Authors: Al-Majed Alawi , Soh Azrin , Al-Mutairi Yousef , Abdelgayoum Alaeldin , Al Sahli Bader 
Published: February 2020

In the past year, a client in the Arabian Gulf has been increasing appraisal and development well activity from the same slot to reduce the uncertainty of reservoir depth, identify oil-water contact, and determine reservoir production strategy. The operator has been addressing these issues by drilling pilot sections from planned development wells, then plugging and abandoning the section prior to drilling the production lateral. The sidetracking operation is then performed from the previous casing shoe, aided by cement plug and landed to the required horizontal depth provided by the data from pilot section. Conventionally, positive displacement motors (PDM) have been used to perform the sidetrack effectively, then followed by a rotary steerable system (RSS) in the bottom hole assembly (BHA) combined with near-bit logging-while-drilling (LWD) tools to land the well. Because the pilot section is often drilled with water-based mud and penetrates through multiple layers of unstable shales and the reservoir, the hole condition normally deteriorates especially after extensive wireline logging runs, even after the cement plug has been set.
In collaboration with other service providers such as cementing and wireline, the directional service provider revisits the sidetracking procedures to improve the sidetrack operation and reduce overall well construction time. Combining extensive data otherwise kept within each service provider's domain, the directional service provider analyzes the hole condition specific to each pilot section using formation evaluation data, wireline caliper logs, and pilot section drilling mechanics data to determine the sidetrack depth, drilling parameters, cement plug type, and the optimized RSS and BHA to perform the sidetrack efficiently. This detailed sidetracking procedure is then shared to all concerned parties, including to clients at the wellsite and in the office, and other service providers for discussion to align all objectives and ensure the sidetracking operation will be efficient.
In 2018, the operator implemented the sidetracking procedures on 9 wells and achieved 100% success for drilling sidetrack from shoe-to-shoe in a single run. The detailed procedures mitigated the risks of using an RSS and subsequently eliminated the need to run a PDM to initiate the sidetracks. Comparative to sidetracks performed by the PDM, the sidetracking procedure using the RSS BHA managed to reduce drilling time on average of 1 day per well. The RSS BHAs also improved the hole condition for the subsequent activities of the well construction cycle, leading to less casing running issues and improved torque and drag for subsequent sections.
A Comprehensive review on Dendrimers in current advanced Drug delivery
Authors: Chirag M  , Gowda D V  , Sathish Babu  , Famna Roohi N K  
Published: February 2020

In this particular review, it is been noted that Dendrimers are novel three-dimensional globular nano-polymeric structure; having multiple functional groups on the surface enhances their function. Synonymous terms for dendrimer include arborols and cascade molecules. The importance of dendrimers in a large variety of fields has been detected, where the various types of dendrimers helps in various fields of drug delivery with the different types of dendrimers with the generation. Hence the dendrimer gains more attention from researchers among various nano-materials. Convenient synthesis of the structure makes them as a good nano-material for drug delivery. In recent, dendrimers showed their activity in different drug delivery systems having properties like cancer targeting, anti-bacterial, ocular drug delivery, etc.. The future direction about the dendrimers are been discussed. The present review is focused on types of dendrimers like Polypropylene Imine dendrimer (PPI), Poly(amidoamine) dendrimers (PAMAM), Poly-l-lysine dendrimers, Type of Frechet’s dendrimer, Core-shell tecto dendrimers, Chiral dendrimers, Liquid crystalline dendrimers, Peptide dendrimers, Multiple antigen peptide dendrimers, Glyco-dendrimers, Hybrid dendrimers, Polyester dendrimers in which among these type of dendrimers, the Polypropylene Imine dendrimer (PPI) and Poly(amidoamine) dendrimers are found to be good carriers for various targeting site, Dendrimers are synthesized through various methods like Divergent method, Convergent method, Hyper cores and branched monomer growth method, Double exponential growth method, Click chemistry method, recent advances in dendrimers are used in the Anti-cancer delivery, Anti-bacterial delivery, oral route delivery, pulmonary drug delivery, transdermal drug delivery, ocular delivery, and targeted drug delivery the safety aspects, and future strategies are also been discussed in the below article.
Modelo logístico de la dinámica del crecimiento micelial del hongo ‘Totolcozcatl’ en medios de cultivo
Authors: Buendía-Espinoza Julio Cesar , Álvarez-Sánchez María Edna , Mateo-Guzmán Natalia , Bandalá Muñóz Víctor Manuel , Maldonado-Torres Ranferi 
Published: February 2020

Los hongos silvestres comestibles son considerados un recurso forestal no maderable, de importancia alimenticia, ecológica, cultural y económica para las comunidades rurales. En el bosque mesófilo de montaña, en Xaltepuxtla, Puebla, el saqueo y la sobreexplotación de la especie Entoloma abortivum, conocida como ‘Totolcozcatl’, la colocan como especie amenazada. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar su dinámica de crecimiento promedio micelial, en medios de cultivo mediante un modelo logístico, para su proceso de inducción. Los medios de cultivo valorados en 2018 fueron: extracto de malta-extracto de levadura-polipeptona-agar (MYPA); peptona de carne-dextrosa-extracto de levadura-agar bacteriológico (CYM) y extracto de malta-salvado (EMS). El análisis estadístico indicó que el sustrato MYPA y EMS fueron estadísticamente diferentes al CYM (p< 0.05), en el crecimiento micelial después de 16 días de cultivo. El modelo logístico ajustado a los datos experiméntales obtenidos en cada uno de los sustratos arrojó coeficientes de determinación R2 de 0.99. El modelo mostro que el máximo crecimiento predicho se observó en el sustrato EMS (95.94 mm) y el mínimo en CYM (83.23 mm). El punto de máximo crecimiento y la producción excesiva de hifas agregadas al micelio se obtuvo en el sustrato EMS (47.97 y 9.59 mm), seguido de MYPA (45.76 y 8.83 mm) y CYM (41.61 y 6.86 mm). Finalmente, se concluye que la principal alternativa importante y viable para el proceso de inducción del hongo Totolcozcatl es el medio EMS.
Analisis Psikologi Objektif Tokoh Madame Baptiste dalam Cerpen Madame Baptiste
Authors: Heni Heni 
Published: February 2020

Hubungan antara sastra dan psikologi memang begitu erat. Karakter tokoh dalam suatu cerita dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan, masyarakat, dan relasi dengan tokoh- tokoh lain Kondisi psikologis seseorang sangat berpengaruh pada segala aktivitas dan dalam karya yang dilakukan. Satu kejadian yang terjadi pada masa lalu seseorang juga sangat berpengaruh dalam membentuk kepribadian manusia. Kemungkinan ada suatu tragedi yang menimpa seseorang waktu kecil akan sangat membentuk konflik batin yang dalam dan nantinya akan membelenggu psikologi seseorang. Dalam mengkaji struktur, masalah- masalah psikologis umumnya termuat dalam tema. Perkembangan psikologis tokoh terbentang sepanjang alur cerita. Suara kejiwaan terdapat dalam diri tokoh. Konflik antar tokoh tercermin dalam atmosfir dan latar psikologis. Kondisi mental para tokoh tercermin dalam sudut pandang. Gaya mencerminkan cara hidup dan kepribadian para tokoh. Kepribadian tokoh dapat dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan psikologis. Hal ini tentu tidak lepas dari unsur lain pembentuk cerita, seperti alur, tema.dan unsur ekstrinsik. Dari pembahasan singkat tadi, penulis berusaha menggunakan suatu teori psiklogi, yakni dari Lacan untuk meneliti kondisi kejiwaan tokoh utama Madame Baptiste, di mana memang pembentukan karakter dan keadaan psikologi seseorang dimulai dari lingkungan keluarga dan kemudian lingkungan masyarakat.
Pengaruh Penerapan Strategi DRTA terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Puisi pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sri Rahayu Sri Rahayu 
Published: February 2020

Penerapan Strategi Directed Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA) terhadap kemampuan membaca puisi siswa yang peneliti kaji di kelas V SD Negeri Bawakaraeng 1 kota Makassar bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh yang ditimbulkan pada kemampuan siswa dalam membaca puisi. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh data secara umum kemampuan membaca puisi pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia kelas V SD Negeri Bawakaraeng 1 setelah menggunakan Strategi Directed Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA) dapat dilihat dari perolehan persentase yaitu sangat tinggi 83,33%, tinggi 3,33%, sedang 10%, rendah 3,33%, dan sangat rendah berada pada persentase 0,00%. Data tersebut menunjukkan bahwa strategi Directed Reading Thinking Activity memiliki pengaruh positif dalam menunjang kemampuan membaca puisi siswa. Jadi diharapkan pada pengajar bahasa Indonesia untuk menjadikan strategi DRTA sebagai salah satu rancangan dalam meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia yang bersifat abstrak untuk kemampuan membaca puisi khususnya di sekolah dasar.
Entre el diario y el recetario: la reivindicación de la escritura íntima en la trilogía culinaria de Laura Esquivel
Authors: Piazza Sarah Maria 
Published: February 2020

¿Qué sucede cuando una novela se disfraza de diario íntimo y de recetario, dos géneros al parecer disímiles? El trabajo presente pretende desentrañar esta pregunta mediante un análisis de la trilogía culinaria de la escritora mexicana Laura Esquivel: Como agua para chocolate (1989), El diario de Tita (2016) y Mi negro pasado (2017). Algunas definiciones del diario íntimo y de la intimidad como fenómeno histórico arrojan luz sobre las funciones de la escritura íntima que El diario de Tita imita. Contrasto el espacio íntimo del diario con el espacio privado de la cocina en las primeras dos novelas. Aunque ambos espacios pueden resultar transgresores a su manera, el diario le confiere a su escritor la libertad especial de reflexionar y de autodefinirse. Para profundizar en el contraste entre el diario y el recetario, recurro a uno de los prototipos latinoamericanos del recetario que intercala el relato: Cocina ecléctica (1890) de la escritora argentina Juana Manuela Gorriti. En última instancia, analizo la ausencia de la escritura íntima en Mi negro pasado para respaldar el argumento de que la trilogía defiende el derecho a la intimidad y reivindica la escritura íntima dentro del espacio privado de la familia y del espacio público de la sociedad.
ADAPTIVE CAPACITY OF EINKORN HUSKLESS IN THE SECOND, THIRD AND SEVENTH RUSSIAN FEDERATION REGIONS
Authors: Temirbekova S. K. , Begeulov M. Sh. , Afanaseva Yu. V. , Kulikov I. M. , Ionova N. E. 
Published: February 2020

Biochemical, immunological and physico-chemical properties of an ancient wheat grain – hulless spelt cultivar Gremme are investigated. Biochemical analysis of grain revealed a high content of protein, fiber, macro-and microelements, a rich composition of essential amino acids, which is characteristic of ancient wheat species. Evaluated milling and baking properties of spelt flour.
Physical and chemical parameters of spelt grain met the requirements for soft wheat grain class 1: the mass fraction of gluten-38.7 %, the nature of the grain-795 g / l, the number of drops-416 C, the total vitreousness-70 %. However, gluten had an increased stickiness, which is obviously due to the increased content of fiber and gliadin fraction. Grinding of spelt grain was carried out on the aggregate mill installation "Miller 100 Lux" to obtain baking flour of various cultivars.
The overall yield of flour of the first grinding was 59.7 %. The highest volume yield (359 cm3) and the best organoleptic properties (total baking score – 3.6 points) were observed in a sample of bread baked from spelt flour that meets the requirements for wheat baking flour of the first grade.
Studies have confirmed the possibility of using flour produced from the spelt grain of the Gremme variety for the production of bakery products of increased biological, therapeutic and prophylactic, nutritional value and with a high organoleptic rating. Cereals and flour are very rich in trace elements-manganese, selenium, zinc, potassium, iron, phosphorus, vitamins from group B and B, essential amino acids (biochemical analysis was carried out by the Cherkizovo Center). The cultivar is resistant to drought, heat, excessive moisture. Proved immunological properties to several diseases in the field and laboratory conditions-resistant to enzyme-mycotic seed depletion (EMIS), various types of rust, powdery mildew.
Kolizyjnoprawne aspekty małżeństw dzieci
Authors: Kamarad Ewa 
Published: February 2020

In the Western culture there is a widespread belief that marriage should be contracted only by freely expressed will. Hence, marriages concluded at an early age are considered unacceptable. Entering into marriage by children has a negative impact on their education, physical and mental health, as well as their socioeconomic position. For this reason, such practices are incompatible with human rights. Therefore, European countries are trying to counteract them, which results in taking specific legislative actions. The intensification of these activities is particularly evident in the last decade, which is mainly caused by the increased migration to Europe from countries belonging to other cultural circles. Child marriages, being a phenomenon strongly embedded in culture, have become one of the areas where there are frictions between the majority, which in principle determines the shape of legal regulations, and minorities who, on the one hand, want to live in European countries, but also want to preserve the traditions that are cultivated in their countries of origin.
The changes in law considering child marriages are undertaken in realm of substantive law as well as conflict of laws rules. In the second case, the states introduce specific public policy clauses referring to child marriages. The paper aims at describing and evaluating those changes in law, especially from the point of view of private international law.
PEMANFAATAN ANGKAK DAN MIKROORGANISME UNTUK PEMBUATAN PERMEN JELLY ORGANIK UTILIZATION OF ANGKAK AND MICROORGANISMS FOR MAKING ORGANIC JELLY CANDY
Authors: Prihandarini Ririen 
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh stabilitas pewarna alami angkak pada kombinasi tingkat keasaman dan penambahan RIM (Refresh Microorganism) terhadap kualitas permen Jelly Organik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok(RAK), dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah tingkat keasaman (A) : pH 3, pH4 , pH 5 dan Faktor kedua adalah Penambahan RIM : 0% dan 2,5%. Tidak terdapat interaksi nyata antara perlakuan pH permen jelly dengan penambahan RIM terhadap kadar air permen jelly angkak. Terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara perlakuan pH permen jelly dengan pemberian RIM terhadap kekuatan gel pada permen jelly angkak. Berdasarkan uji organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa Rasa, Warna dan Kekenyalan tekstur permen jelly yang paling disukai panelis adalah pada perlakuan pH 4 dan penambahan 2,5 % RIM .