bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FTIR spectroscopy with chemometrics for determination of tylosin residues in milk
Authors: de Freitas Alexandre GM , de Magalhães Bárbara EA , Minho Lucas AC , Leão Danilo J , Santos Leandro S , Augusto de Albuquerque Fernandes Sérgio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDContamination of milk by antibiotic residues represents risks to the health of consumers; therefore they should be monitored. The objective of this study was to propose a methodology for the determination of tylosin residues directly in fluid milk based on mid‐infrared spectroscopy associated with chemometrics, using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy associated with multilayer perceptron network (MLP) and partial least squares (PLS).RESULTSMLP was shown to be adequate for the discrimination of milk samples contaminated with tylosin below or equal to or above the maximum residue limit (MRL), with an accuracy greater than 99%, using FTIR spectra data. PLS was shown to be appropriate for the prediction of the very low concentrations (0–100 μg L−1) of tylosin residues in milk using FTIR spectra data. PLS models with high correlation coefficients (R > 0.99) were generated.CONCLUSIONFTIR with chemometrics proved to be a non‐destructive, efficient and low‐cost method for the investigation and quantification of tylosin residues directly in fluid milk. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Cognition of the mothers of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Demirci Hasan , Durmus Hacer , Toksoy Guven , Uslu Atilla , Parman Yesim , Hanagasi Hasmet 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) has been found to be associated with cognitive impairment. However, few studies have addressed cognitive impairment among mothers of children with DMD. In the present study, the neuropsychological profiles of both carrier mothers (C‐Ms) and noncarrier mothers (NC‐Ms) were examined, and the findings were compared with healthy control mothers (HC‐Ms). There were 90 participants, consisting of 31 C‐Ms, 24 NC‐Ms, and 35 HC‐Ms, each of whom completed a neuropsychological test battery. C‐Ms had poorer cognition performance in attention, working memory, immediate verbal memory, visuospatial skills, and executive functions than NC‐Ms, and HC‐Ms. This study provides evidence that there may be cognitive impairment in mothers of patients with DMD. The cognitive impairment of C‐Ms has similarities to that seen in children with DMD.
FDA approval summary: Dalteparin for the treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism in pediatric patients
Authors: Merino Margret , Richardson Nicholas , Reaman Gregory , Ande Anusha , Zvada Simbarashe , Liu Chao , Hariharan Sudharshan , De Claro R. Angelo , Farrell Ann , Pazdur Richard 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOn May 16, 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved dalteparin sodium for the treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) to reduce the risk of recurrence in pediatric patients 1 month of age and older. Approval was primarily based on FDA review of a single‐arm trial evaluating dalteparin administered subcutaneous twice daily in 38 pediatric patients with symptomatic VTE. Efficacy was based on the achievement of therapeutic plasma anti‐Xa levels. The FDA concluded that dalteparin has efficacy and acceptable safety for pediatric patients.
Understanding of the influence of localized surface defectivity properties on the performances of silicon heterojunction cells
Authors: Giglia Valentin , Varache Renaud , Veirman Jordi , Fourmond Erwann 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe industrial fabrication process of silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells can induce locally depassivated regions (so‐called defectivity) because of transportation steps (contact with belts, trays, etc.) or simply the environment (presence of particles at the wafer surfaces before thin film deposition). This surface passivation spatial heterogeneity is gaining interest as it may hinder the SHJ efficiency improvements allowed by incremental process step optimizations. In this paper, an experimentally supported simulation study is conducted to understand how the local a‐Si:H/c‐Si interface depassivation loss impacts the overall cell performance. The defectivity‐induced cell performance drop due to depassivated regions was attributed to a bias‐dependent minority carrier current flow towards the depassivated region, which is shown to affect all current–voltage (I(V)) parameters, and in particular the fill factor. Simulation was used further in order to understand how the defectivity properties (spatial distribution, localization and size) impact the induced performance losses. In the light of all results, we propose ways to mitigate the defectivity influence on the cell performances.
Recent Advances in Nanomaterial‐Enabled Wearable Sensors: Material Synthesis, Sensor Design, and Personal Health Monitoring
Authors: Peng Bo , Zhao Fengnian , Ping Jianfeng , Ying Yibin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWearable sensors have gained much attention due to their potential in personal health monitoring in a timely, cost‐effective, easy‐operating, and noninvasive way. In recent studies, nanomaterials have been employed in wearable sensors to improve the sensing performance in view of their excellent properties. Here, focus is mainly on the nanomaterial‐enabled wearable sensors and their latest advances in personal health monitoring. Different kinds of nanomaterials used in wearable sensors, such as metal nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, metallic nanomaterials, hybrid nanocomposites, and bio‐nanomaterials, are reviewed. Then, the progress of nanomaterial‐based wearable sensors in personal health monitoring, including the detection of ions and molecules in body fluids and exhaled breath, physiological signals, and emotion parameters, is discussed. Furthermore, the future challenges and opportunities of nanomaterial‐enabled wearable sensors are discussed.
miR-183/96/182 cluster is an important morphogenetic factor targeting PAX6 expression in differentiating human retinal organoids
Authors: Peskova Lucie , Jurcikova Denisa , Vanova Tereza , Krivanek Jan , Capandova Michaela , Sramkova Zuzana , Sebestikova Jana , Kolouskova Magdalena , Kotasova Hana , Streit Libor , Barta Tomas 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small, noncoding RNA molecules, represent important regulators of gene expression. Recent reports have implicated their role in the cell specification process acting as “fine-tuners” to ensure the precise gene expression at the specific stage of cell differentiation. Here, we used retinal organoids differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) as a model to closely investigate the role of a sensory organ-specific and evolutionary conserved miR-183/96/182 cluster. Using a miRNA tough decoy approach, we inhibited the miR-183/96/182 cluster in hPSCs. Inhibition of the miRNA cluster resulted in an increased expansion of neuroepithelium leading to abnormal “bulged” neural retina in organoids, associated with upregulation of neural-specific and retinal-specific genes. Importantly, we identified PAX6, a well-known essential gene in neuroectoderm specification, as a target of the miR-183/96/182 cluster members. Taken together, the miR-183/96/182 cluster not only represents an important regulator of PAX6 expression, but it also plays a crucial role in retinal tissue morphogenesis.
How Web Professionals Perceive Web Accessibility in Practice: Active Roles, Process Phases and Key Disabilities
Authors: Vollenwyder Beat , Opwis Klaus , Brühlmann Florian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractProviding usable web information and services to as many people as possible confronts web professionals with a challenging task. The present study delivers insights about how Web accessibility is perceived in practice. Using a survey, a total of 163 web professionals in various roles reported their evaluation of Web accessibility implementation in their projects with regard to three aspects: the professional roles primarily responsible for Web accessibility, key phases in the development process, and the types of disabilities primarily considered. Results show that non-technical professional roles are perceived to be less involved in the development process, that Web accessibility considerations are mainly restricted to the design and implementation phases of projects, and that efforts focus predominantly on the needs of people with visual impairments.
Realization of the minimal extended seesaw mechanism and the TM2 type neutrino mixing
Authors: Krishnan R. , Mukherjee Ananya , Goswami Srubabati 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We construct a neutrino mass model based on the flavour symmetry group A4×C4×C6×C2 which accommodates a light sterile neutrino in the minimal extended seesaw (MES) scheme. Besides the flavour symmetry, we introduce a U(1) gauge symmetry in the sterile sector and also impose CP symmetry. The vacuum alignments of the scalar fields in the model spontaneously break these symmetries and lead to the construction of the fermion mass matrices. With the help of the MES formulas, we extract the light neutrino masses and the mixing observables. In the active neutrino sector, we obtain the TM2 mixing pattern with non-zero reactor angle and broken μ-τ reflection symmetry. We express all the active and the sterile oscillation observables in terms of only four real model parameters. Using this highly constrained scenario we predict $$ {\sin}^2{\theta}_{23}={0.545}_{-0.004}^{+0.003},\sin \delta =-{0.911}_{-0.005}^{+0.006},{\left|{U}_{e4}\right|}^2={0.029}_{-0.008}^{+0.009},{\left|{U}_{\mu 4}\right|}^2={0.010}_{-0.003}^{+0.003}\kern0.5em \mathrm{and}\kern0.5em {\left|{U}_{\tau 4}\right|}^2={0.006}_{-0.002}^{+0.002} $$

sin
2

θ
23

=

0.545

−
0.004

+
0.003

,
sin
δ
=
−

0.911

−
0.005

+
0.006

,

U

e
4

2

=

0.029

−
0.008

+
0.009

,

U

μ
4

2

=

0.010

−
0.003

+
0.003

and

U

τ
4

2

=

0.006

−
0.002

+
0.002

which are consistent with the current data.
Mass sum rules of the electron in quantum electrodynamics
Authors: Rodini S. , Metz A. , Pasquini B. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Different decompositions of the nucleon mass, in terms of the masses and energies of the underlying constituents, have been proposed in the literature. We explore the corresponding sum rules in quantum electrodynamics for an electron at one-loop order in perturbation theory. To this aim we compute the form factors of the energy-momentum tensor, by paying particular attention to the renormalization of ultraviolet divergences, operator mixing and scheme dependence. We clarify the expressions of all the proposed sum rules in the electron rest frame in terms of renormalized operators. Furthermore, we consider the same sum rules in a moving frame, where they become energy decompositions. Finally, we discuss some implications of our study on the mass sum rules for the nucleon.
Asymptotic Spectra of Large (Grid) Graphs with a Uniform Local Structure (Part I): Theory
Authors: Adriani Andrea , Bianchi Davide , Serra-Capizzano Stefano 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe are mainly concerned with sequences of graphs having a grid geometry,
with a uniform local structure in a bounded domain $${\Omega} {\subset} \mathbb{R}^{d}, d \geq 1$$

Ω
⊂

R

d

,
d
≥
1

. When $$\Omega = [0, 1]$$

Ω
=
[
0
,
1
]

, such graphs include the standard Toeplitz graphs and, for $$\Omega = [0, 1]^{d}$$

Ω
=

[
0
,
1
]

d

,
the considered class includes d-level Toeplitz graphs. In the general case, the underlying
sequence of adjacency matrices has a canonical eigenvalue distribution, in
the Weyl sense, and we show that we can associate to it a symbol $$\mathfrak{f}$$
f
. The knowledge
of the symbol and of its basic analytical features provides many information on
the eigenvalue structure, of localization, spectral gap, clustering, and distribution
type.Few generalizations are also considered in connection with the notion of generalized
locally Toeplitz sequences and applications are discussed, stemming e.g.
from the approximation of differential operators via numerical schemes. Nevertheless,
more applications can be taken into account, since the results presented
here can be applied as well to study the spectral properties of adjacency matrices
and Laplacian operators of general large graphs and networks.
Laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer
Authors: Völkel Vinzenz , Draeger Teresa , Gerken Michael , Klinkhammer-Schalke Monika , Benz Stefan , Fürst Alois 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
To evaluate a new procedure in daily clinical practice, it might not be sufficient to rely exclusively on the findings of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). This is the first systematic review providing a synthesis of the most important RCTs and relevant retrospective cohort studies on short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic surgery in colon cancer patients.

Materials and methods
In a literature search, more than 1800 relevant publications on the topic were identified. Relevant RCTs and representative high-quality retrospective studies were selected based on the widely accepted Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) criteria. Finally, 9 RCTs and 14 retrospective cohort studies were included.

Results
Laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer is associated with a slightly longer duration of surgery, but a variety of studies show an association with a lower rate of postoperative complications and a shorter duration of hospital stay. Particularly in older patients with more frequent comorbidities, laparoscopy seems to contribute to decreasing postoperative mortality. Concerning long-term oncologic outcomes, the laparoscopic and open techniques were shown to be at least equivalent.

Conclusion
The findings of the existing relevant RCTs on laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer are mostly confirmed by representative retrospective cohort studies based on real-world data; therefore, its further implementation into clinical practice can be recommended.
Measures of infection prevention and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy in Germany, Austria and Switzerland
Authors: Matuschek Christiane , Fischer Johannes C. , Combs Stephanie E. , Fietkau Rainer , Corradini Stefanie , Zänker Kurt , Bölke Edwin , Djiepmo-Njanang Freddy-Joel , Tamaskovics Balint , Fischer Joachim E. , Stuschke Martin , Pöttgen Christoph , Förster Robert , Zwahlen Daniel R. , Papachristofilou Alexandros , Ganswindt Ute , Pelka Rainer , Schneider E. Marion , Feldt Torsten , Jensen Björn Erik Ole , Häussinger Dieter , Knoefel Wolfram Trudo , Kindgen-Milles Detlef , Pedoto Alessia , Grebe Olaf , van Griensven Martijn , Budach Wilfried , Haussmann Jan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose
COVID-19 infection has manifested as a major threat to both patients and healthcare providers around the world. Radiation oncology institutions (ROI) deliver a major component of cancer treatment, with protocols that might span over several weeks, with the result of increasing susceptibility to COVID-19 infection and presenting with a more severe clinical course when compared with the general population. The aim of this manuscript is to investigate the impact of ROI protocols and performance on daily practice in the high-risk cancer patients during this pandemic.

Methods
We addressed the incidence of positive COVID-19 cases in both patients and health care workers (HCW), in addition to the protective measures adopted in ROIs in Germany, Austria and Switzerland using a specific questionnaire.

Results
The results of the questionnaire showed that a noteworthy number of ROIs were able to complete treatment in SARS-CoV‑2 positive cancer patients, with only a short interruption. The ROIs reported a significant decrease in patient volume that was not impacted by the circumambient disease incidence, the type of ROI or the occurrence of positive cases. Of the ROIs 16.5% also reported infected HCWs. About half of the ROIs (50.5%) adopted a screening program for patients whereas only 23.3% also screened their HCWs. The range of protective measures included the creation of working groups, instituting home office work and protection with face masks.
Regarding the therapeutic options offered, curative procedures were performed with either unchanged or moderately decreased schedules, whereas palliative or benign radiotherapy procedures were more often shortened. Most ROIs postponed or cancelled radiation treatment for benign indications (88.1%). The occurrence of SARS-CoV‑2 infections did not affect the treatment options for curative procedures. Non-university-based ROIs seemed to be more willing to change their treatment options for curative and palliative cases than university-based ROIs.

Conclusion
Most ROIs reported a deep impact of SARS-CoV‑2 infections on their work routine. Modification and prioritization of treatment regimens and the application of protective measures preserved a well-functioning radiation oncology service and patient care.
Extrakorporale Blutreinigungsverfahren in der Sepsis – Update
Authors: Seeliger B. , Stahl K. , David Sascha 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Trotz fortwährender Entwicklungen bleibt die Mortalität in der Sepsis beträchtlich. Verschiedene Verfahren zur extrakorporalen Zytokinelimination wurden beschrieben, aber die Datenlage ist widersprüchlich.

Ziel der Arbeit
Diese Arbeit soll eine Übersicht über aktuelle extrakorporale Blutreinigungsverfahren und deren Studienlage geben.

Methoden
Nichtsystematischer Literaturreview

Ergebnisse
Aktuell gibt es verschiedene Blutreinigungsverfahren mit unterschiedlicher Evidenz bezüglich der Reduktion von proinflammatorischen Zytokinen, Katecholaminbedarf und Mortalität, darunter die sogenannte High-volume-Hämofiltration mit und ohne High-cut-off-Filter sowie spezielle Adsorber (unter anderem CytoSorb® [CytoSorbents Europe, Berlin, Deutschland] und Polymyxin B). An Bedeutung gewinnt aktuell auch wieder der therapeutische Plasmaaustausch. Bei einigen Verfahren mit initial vielversprechenden Ergebnissen – darunter die kombinierte Plasmafiltration und -adsorption – zeigten multizentrische randomisierte Studien jedoch sogar einen negativen Effekt.

Schlussfolgerung
Die theoretische Begründung ist naheliegend, obwohl die aktuelle Evidenz keine Empfehlung auf Leitlinienqualität erlaubt. Die Heterogenität der Immunantwort in der Sepsis erschwert die Durchführung multizentrischer randomisierter Studien, die initial positive Effekte bislang oft nicht bestätigen konnten. Neue Studien zu den Blutreinigungsverfahren benötigen daher eine klar definierte Subgruppe des septischen Schocks. Entsprechend sollten die Verfahren nicht als konkurrierend, sondern im Sinne einer individualisierten Therapie komplementär eingesetzt werden.
Minimal submanifolds from the abelian Higgs model
Authors: Pigati Alessandro , Stern Daniel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGiven a Hermitian line bundle $$L\rightarrow M$$

L
→
M

over a closed, oriented Riemannian manifold M, we study the asymptotic behavior, as $$\epsilon \rightarrow 0$$

ϵ
→
0

, of couples $$(u_\epsilon ,\nabla _\epsilon )$$

(

u
ϵ

,

∇
ϵ

)

critical for the rescalings $$\begin{aligned} E_\epsilon (u,\nabla )=\int _M\Big (|\nabla u|^2+\epsilon ^2|F_\nabla |^2+\frac{1}{4\epsilon ^2}(1-|u|^2)^2\Big ) \end{aligned}$$

E
ϵ

(
u
,
∇
)

=

∫
M

(

|
∇
u
|

2

+

ϵ
2

|

F
∇

|

2

+

1

4

ϵ
2

(
1
-
|
u
|

2

)

2

)

of the self-dual Yang–Mills–Higgs energy, where u is a section of L and $$\nabla $$
∇
is a Hermitian connection on L with curvature $$F_{\nabla }$$

F
∇

. Under the natural assumption $$\limsup _{\epsilon \rightarrow 0}E_\epsilon (u_\epsilon ,\nabla _\epsilon )<\infty $$

lim sup

ϵ
→
0

E
ϵ

(

u
ϵ

,

∇
ϵ

)

<
∞

, we show that the energy measures converge subsequentially to (the weight measure $$\mu $$
μ
of) a stationary integral $$(n-2)$$

(
n
-
2
)

-varifold. Also, we show that the $$(n-2)$$

(
n
-
2
)

-currents dual to the curvature forms converge subsequentially to $$2\pi \Gamma $$

2
π
Γ

, for an integral $$(n-2)$$

(
n
-
2
)

-cycle $$\Gamma $$
Γ
with $$|\Gamma |\le \mu $$

|
Γ
|
≤
μ

. Finally, we provide a variational construction of nontrivial critical points $$(u_\epsilon ,\nabla _\epsilon )$$

(

u
ϵ

,

∇
ϵ

)

on arbitrary line bundles, satisfying a uniform energy bound. As a byproduct, we obtain a PDE proof, in codimension two, of Almgren’s existence result for (nontrivial) stationary integral $$(n-2)$$

(
n
-
2
)

-varifolds in an arbitrary closed Riemannian manifold.
Development of a constitutive and an auto-inducible high-yield expression system for recombinant protein production in the microalga Nannochloropsis oceanica
Authors: de Grahl Imke , Rout Sweta Suman , Maple-Grødem Jodi , Reumann Sigrun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Photoautotrophic microalgae offer a great potential as novel hosts for efficient recombinant protein production. Nannochloropsis oceanica produces an extraordinarily high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, and its robust growth characteristics, published genome sequence and efficient nuclear transformation make N. oceanica a promising candidate for biotechnological applications. To establish a robust and flexible system for recombinant protein production, we cloned six endogenous, potentially constitutive or inducible promoters from N. oceanica strain CCMP1779 and investigated their strength using monomeric Venus as reporter gene. Microscopic pre-screening of individual transformants revealed that the promoters of elongation factor (EF), tubulin (TUB) and nitrate reductase (NR) enabled high reporter gene expression. Comparative quantitative analyses of transformant populations by flow cytometry and qRT-PCR demonstrated the highest Venus expression from the EF promoter and the NR promoter if extended by an N-terminal 14-amino acid leader sequence. The kinetics of reporter gene expression were analysed during photobioreactor cultivation, achieving Venus yields of 0.3% (for EF) and 4.9% (for NR::LS) of total soluble protein. Since inducible expression systems enable the production of toxic proteins, we developed an auto-induction medium for the NR promoter transformants. By switching the N source from ammonium to nitrate in the presence of low ammonium concentrations, the starting point of Venus induction could be fine-tuned and shifted towards exponential growth phase while maintaining high recombinant protein yields. Taken together, we demonstrate that a model recombinant protein can be produced robustly and at very high levels in N. oceanica not only under constitutive but also under auto-inducible cultivation conditions.

Key points
• Nannochloropsis oceanica might serve as host for recombinant protein production.
• Comparative promoter strength analyses were conducted for twelve different constructs.
• Robust high-yield recombinant protein production was achieved under constitutive conditions.
• The nitrate reductase promoter enabled protein production under auto-induction conditions.