bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family and species as determinants modulating mineral composition of selected wild-growing mushroom species
Authors: Mleczek Mirosław , Budka Anna , Kalač Pavel , Siwulski Marek , Niedzielski Przemysław 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIt has been known since the 1970s that differences exist in the profile of element content in wild-growing mushroom species, although knowledge of the role of mushroom species/families as determinants in the accumulation of diverse element remains limited. The aim of this study was to determine the content of 63 mineral elements, divided into six separate groups in the fruit bodies of 17 wild-growing mushroom species. The mushrooms, growing in widely ranging types of soil composition, were collected in Poland in 2018. Lepista nuda and Paralepista gilva contained not only the highest content of essential major (531 and 14,800 mg kg−1, respectively of Ca and P) and trace elements (425 and 66.3 mg kg−1, respectively of Fe and B) but also a high content of trace elements with a detrimental health effect (1.39 and 7.29 mg kg−1, respectively of Tl and Ba). A high content of several elements (Al, B, Ba, Bi, Ca, Er, Fe, Mg, Mo, P, Sc, Ti or V) in L. nuda, Lepista personata, P. gilva and/or Tricholoma equestre fruit bodies belonging to the Tricholomataceae family suggests that such species may be characterised by the most effective accumulation of selected major or trace elements. On the other hand, mushrooms belonging to the Agaricaceae family (Agaricus arvensis, Coprinus comatus and Macrolepiota procera) were characterised by significant differences in the content of all determined elements jointly, which suggests that a higher content of one or several elements is mushroom species-dependent.
A perceptually optimised bivariate visualisation scheme for high-dimensional fold-change data
Authors: Müller André , Lausser Ludwig , Wilhelm Adalbert , Ropinski Timo , Platzer Matthias , Neumann Heiko , Kestler Hans A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractVisualising data as diagrams using visual attributes such as colour, shape, size, and orientation is challenging. In particular, large data sets demand graphical display as an essential step in the analysis. In order to achieve comprehension often different attributes need to be displayed simultaneously. In this work a comprehensible bivariate, perceptually optimised visualisation scheme for high-dimensional data is proposed and evaluated. It can be used to show fold changes together with confidence values within a single diagram. The visualisation scheme consists of two parts: a uniform, symmetric, two-sided colour scale and a patch grid representation. Evaluation of uniformity and symmetry of the two-sided colour scale was performed in comparison to a standard RGB scale by twenty-five observers. Furthermore, the readability of the generated map was validated and compared to a bivariate heat map scheme.
Walking on Kendall’s Shape Space: Understanding Shape Spaces and Their Coordinate Systems
Authors: Klingenberg Christian Peter 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMore and more analyses of biological shapes are using the techniques of geometric morphometrics based on configurations of landmarks in two or three dimensions. A fundamental concept at the core of these analyses is Kendall’s shape space and local approximations to it by shape tangent spaces. Kendall’s shape space is complex because it is a curved surface and, for configurations with more than three landmarks, multidimensional. This paper uses the shape space for triangles, which is the surface of a sphere, to explore and visualize some properties of shape spaces and the respective tangent spaces. Considerations about the dimensionality of shape spaces are an important step in understanding them, and can offer a coordinate system that can translate between positions in the shape space and the corresponding landmark configurations and vice versa. By simulation studies “walking” along that are great circles around the shape space, each of them corresponding to the repeated application of a particular shape change, it is possible to grasp intuitively why shape spaces are curved and closed surfaces. From these considerations and the available information on shape spaces for configurations with more than three landmarks, the conclusion emerges that the approach using a tangent space approximation in general is valid for biological datasets. The quality of approximation depends on the scale of variation in the data, but existing analyses suggest this should be satisfactory to excellent in most empirical datasets.
On the Numerical Modelization of Moving Load Beam Problems by a Dedicated Parallel Computing FEM Implementation
Authors: Froio Diego , Verzeroli Luca , Ferrari Rosalba , Rizzi Egidio 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe present work outlines an original numerical modelization approach for Moving Load (ML) beam problems, by a dedicated object-oriented C++ parallel computing FEM implementation, with the purposes of performing efficient numerical analyses resolving the complete dynamic response of beams under the effect of a high-velocity ML. Alongside, main framing state-of-the-art reviews are attempted, on the principal involved issues of: ML context and physical description, numerical FEM modelization, parallel computing implementation. Running ML example cases are explored, for a (long) finite beam on a (visco)elastic foundation and for a continuous beam of a historic railway iron bridge, with per se interesting engineering outcomes. The contribution may serve as a guideline paradigm to readers that may be novel to the treated topics, though motivated in adventuring in the computational challenges involved in the present mechanical research context.
State-of-the-Art and Comparative Review of Adaptive Sampling Methods for Kriging
Authors: Fuhg Jan N. , Fau Amélie , Nackenhorst Udo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMetamodels aim to approximate characteristics of functions or systems from the knowledge extracted on only a finite number of samples. In recent years kriging has emerged as a widely applied metamodeling technique for resource-intensive computational experiments. However its prediction quality is highly dependent on the size and distribution of the given training points. Hence, in order to build proficient kriging models with as few samples as possible adaptive sampling strategies have gained considerable attention. These techniques aim to find pertinent points in an iterative manner based on information extracted from the current metamodel. A review of adaptive schemes for kriging proposed in the literature is presented in this article. The objective is to provide the reader with an overview of the main principles of adaptive techniques, and insightful details to pertinently employ available tools depending on the application at hand. In this context commonly applied strategies are compared with regards to their characteristics and approximation capabilities. In light of these experiments, it is found that the success of a scheme depends on the features of a specific problem and the goal of the analysis. In order to facilitate the entry into adaptive sampling a guide is provided. All experiments described herein are replicable using a provided open source toolbox.
Integrated reservoir characterization and quality analysis of the carbonate rock types, case study, southern Iraq
Authors: Al-Jawad Sameer Noori Ali , Ahmed Muhammad Abd , Saleh Afrah Hassan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe reservoir characterization and rock typing is a significant tool in performance and prediction of the reservoirs and understanding reservoir architecture, the present work is reservoir characterization and quality Analysis of Carbonate Rock-Types, Yamama carbonate reservoir within southern Iraq has been chosen. Yamama Formation has been affected by different digenesis processes, which impacted on the reservoir quality, where high positively affected were: dissolution and fractures have been improving porosity and permeability, and destructive affected were cementation and compaction, destroyed the porosity and permeability. Depositional reservoir rock types characterization has been identified depended on thin section analysis, where six main types of microfacies have been recognized were: packstone-grainstone, packstone, wackestone-packstone, wackestone, mudstone-wackestone, and mudstone. By using flow zone indicator, four groups have been defined within Yamama Formation, where the first type (FZI-1) represents the bad quality of the reservoir, the second type (FZI-2) is characterized by the intermediate quality of the reservoir, third type (FZI-3) is characterized by good reservoir quality, and the fourth type (FZI-4) is characterized by good reservoir quality. Six different rock types were identified by using cluster analysis technique, Rock type-1 represents the very good type and characterized by low water Saturation and high porosity, Rock type-2 represents the good rock type and characterized by low water saturation and medium–high porosity, Rock type-3 represents intermediate to good rock type and characterized by low-medium water saturation and medium porosity, Rock type-4 represents the intermediate rock type and characterized by medium water saturation and low–medium porosity, Rock type-5 represents intermediate to bad rock type and characterized by medium–high water saturation and medium–low porosity, and Rock type-6 represents bad rock type and characterized by high water saturation and low porosity. By using Lucia Rock class typing method, three types of rock type classes have been recognized, the first group is Grain-dominated Fabrics—grainstone, which represents a very good rock quality corresponds with (FZI-4) and classified as packstone-grainstone, the second group is Grain-dominated Fabrics—packstone, which corresponds with (FZI-3) and classified as packstone microfacies, the third group is Mud-dominated Fabrics—packstone, packstone, correspond with (FZI-1 and FZI-2) and classified as wackestone, mudstone-wackestone, and mudstone microfacies.
Learner handover: Perspectives and recommendations from the front-line
Authors: Gumuchian Stephanie T. , Pal Nicole E. , Young Meredith , Danoff Deborah , Plotnick Laurie H. , Cummings Beth-Ann , Gomez-Garibello Carlos , Dory Valérie 
Published: August 2020

Introduction Current medical education models increasingly rely on longitudinal assessments to document learner progress over time. This longitudinal focus has re-kindled discussion regarding learner handover—where assessments are shared across supervisors, rotations, and educational phases, to support learner growth and ease transitions. The authors explored the opinions of, experiences with, and recommendations for successful implementation of learner handover among clinical supervisors.
Methods Clinical supervisors from five postgraduate medical education programs at one institution completed an online questionnaire exploring their views regarding learner handover, specifically: potential benefits, risks, and suggestions for implementation. Survey items included open-ended and numerical responses. The authors used an inductive content analysis approach to analyze the open-ended questionnaire responses, and descriptive and correlational analyses for numerical data.
Results Seventy-two participants completed the questionnaire. Their perspectives varied widely. Suggested benefits of learner handover included tailored learning, improved assessments, and enhanced patient safety. The main reported risk was the potential for learner handover to bias supervisors’ perceptions of learners, thereby affecting the validity of future assessments and influencing the learner’s educational opportunities and well-being. Participants’ suggestions for implementation focused on who should be involved, when and for whom it should occur, and the content that should be shared.
Discussion The diverse opinions of, and recommendations for, learner handover highlight the necessity for handover to maximize learning potential while minimizing potential harms. Supervisors’ suggestions for handover implementation reveal tensions between assessment-of and for-learning.
Moving within and beyond illegal crustacean fishery: why do Indonesian fishermen not comply with the crustacean catch ban rule?
Authors: Saputra Merdeka Agus 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIllegal wild capture fisheries undermine crustacean (e.g., crabs, lobsters, and swimming crabs) stock and their habitats. In a search for a new approach to the fisheries issues, this paper aims to explain why the illegal fishing for crustacean species still exists in Indonesia. It focuses on analyzing a set of practices in crustacean production and consumption. Banyuwangi (Indonesia) was the case study area of the conducted fieldwork. The method applied semi-structured interviews and participant observation. The design of research enabled the researcher to study daily fishing, purchasing, and processing. These practices determined the exploitation of crustacean species in the sea. This paper shows that the current fishing, purchasing, and processing of crabs, swimming crabs, and lobsters played a vital role in constructing the habit of illegal fishing. When the catch prohibition rules heavily focused on the wild capture fisheries in the sea, the local intermediaries and processors innovated their purchasing and processing to obtain crustacean species incessantly. Such an innovation was in response to the crustacean scarcity problems. (1) In swimming crab mini-plants, processors diversified their processed swimming crab products. The crab product diversification allowed them to process swimming crabs in all sizes. (2) The local intermediaries gave fishermen binding loans. Fishermen paid back the loans by supplying the crustacean species to the loan givers. (3) The existence of processing and purchasing stimulated fishermen to harvest every last crustacean species. Even though such crustacean fishing was illegal, it contributed to the livelihoods of fishermen, local intermediaries, and processors. This paper makes a research contribution to the use of social practice theory in fisheries issues. It gives a novel research approach to the habit of illegal fishing problems.
Source analysis of the March 7, 2019 $$\mathbf {M_L=4.0}$$ Somogyszob, Hungary earthquake sequence
Authors: Wéber Zoltán , Czecze Barbara , Süle Bálint , Bondár István ,   AlpArray Working Group
Published: August 2020

AbstractBetween February 16 and April 5, 2019, a series of earthquakes took place around the village of Somogyszob, Somogy county, Hungary. The mainshock occurred on March 7 with a local magnitude$$M_L=4.0$$ML=4.0and epicentral intensity of 5 on the EMS scale. The main event was preceded by four foreshocks and followed by four aftershocks. The largest foreshock ($$M_L=2.6$$ML=2.6) was also felt with maximum intensity of 4 EMS. This earthquake sequence is the first remarkable one in the region that was recorded by a significant number of high-quality broadband digital seismographs. We have estimated the hypocenters of the 9 earthquakes using the hypoDD multiple-event location algorithm. The events occurred in a tight region around the mainshock at around 13–14 km depth. For the main event, we obtained an average moment magnitude of$$M_w=3.75$$Mw=3.75, source radii of$$r^P=509$$rP=509 m and$$r^S=400$$rS=400 m, and static stress drops of$$\varDelta \sigma ^P=1.19\times 10^6$$ΔσP=1.19×106 Pa and$$\varDelta \sigma ^S=4.00\times 10^6$$ΔσS=4.00×106 Pa from the analysis of displacement P- and S-wave spectra, respectively. The resulting spectral source parameters for the investigated events agree well with the results of earlier research. We have also shown that our recently developed probabilistic waveform inversion techniques applied in this study are suitable to retrieve the source mechanism for weak local earthquakes. We have successfully estimated the focal mechanism for the mainshock, a foreshock and an aftershock. Each earthquake was a thrust faulting event with a sub-horizontal P-axis pointing towards N-NE, coinciding with the general trend of the compressional stress field in the epicentral region.
Mussel-Inspired Redox-Active and Hydrophilic Conductive Polymer Nanoparticles for Adhesive Hydrogel Bioelectronics
Authors: Gan Donglin , Shuai Tao , Wang Xiao , Huang Ziqiang , Ren Fuzeng , Fang Liming , Wang Kefeng , Xie Chaoming , Lu Xiong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractConductive polymers (CPs) are generally insoluble, and developing hydrophilic CPs is significant to broaden the applications of CPs. In this work, a mussel-inspired strategy was proposed to construct hydrophilic CP nanoparticles (CP NPs), while endowing the CP NPs with redox activity and biocompatibility. This is a universal strategy applicable for a series of CPs, including polyaniline, polypyrrole, and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). The catechol/quinone contained sulfonated lignin (LS) was doped into various CPs to form CP/LS NPs with hydrophilicity, conductivity, and redox activity. These CP/LS NPs were used as versatile nanofillers to prepare the conductive hydrogels with long-term adhesiveness. The CP/LS NPs-incorporated hydrogels have a good conductivity because of the uniform distribution of the hydrophilic NPs in the hydrogel network, forming a well-connected electric path. The hydrogel exhibits long-term adhesiveness, which is attributed to the mussel-inspired dynamic redox balance of catechol/quinone groups on the CP/LS NPs. This conductive and adhesive hydrogel shows good electroactivity and biocompatibility and therefore has broad applications in electrostimulation of tissue regeneration and implantable bioelectronics.
Niobium Tungsten Oxide in a Green Water-in-Salt Electrolyte Enables Ultra-Stable Aqueous Lithium-Ion Capacitors
Authors: Dong Shengyang , Wang Yi , Chen Chenglong , Shen Laifa , Zhang Xiaogang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAqueous hybrid supercapacitors are attracting increasing attention due to their potential low cost, high safety and eco-friendliness. However, the narrow operating potential window of aqueous electrolyte and the lack of suitable negative electrode materials seriously hinder its future applications. Here, we explore high concentrated lithium acetate with high ionic conductivity of 65.5 mS cm−1 as a green “water-in-salt” electrolyte, providing wide voltage window up to 2.8 V. It facilitates the reversible function of niobium tungsten oxide, Nb18W16O93, that otherwise only operations in organic electrolytes previously. The Nb18W16O93 with lithium-ion intercalation pseudocapacitive behavior exhibits excellent rate performance, high areal capacity, and ultra-long cycling stability. An aqueous lithium-ion hybrid capacitor is developed by using Nb18W16O93 as negative electrode combined with graphene as positive electrode in lithium acetate-based “water-in-salt” electrolyte, delivering a high energy density of 41.9 W kg−1, high power density of 20,000 W kg−1 and unexceptionable stability of 50,000 cycles.
Once a quality-food consumer, always a quality-food consumer? Consumption patterns of organic, label rouge, and geographical indications in French scanner data
Authors: Lambotte Mathieu , De Cara Stephane , Bellassen Valentin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study is to analyze the behavior of French consumers with respect to food products under various quality labels (organic,label rouge,and geographical indications). In particular, we investigate if consumers who purchase once a product under a given label tend to purchase a large fraction of this product (and other products) under the same label. Using a large scanner database, the regularity of quality-food consumption is analyzed through the relative frequency of conventional and quality purchases. The respective roles in regular consumption of product attributes, availability, and household characteristics are then examined using a random utility model. Regular organic consumers purchase around 28% of the organic market value, with variations depending on products. We find that product attributes are more related to regular organic behavior than household characteristics. In particular, product availability and product family (vegetables, eggs, milk, etc.) play a key role whereas low-price organic products are not associated with more regular consumption. Acknowledging the existence of regularity in organic consumption and understanding its variation between product categories should lead public policies to more often target specific products in order to develop quality-food consumption.
Tracking Police Arrests of Intimate Partner Domestic Abuse Suspects in London: a Situational Factors Analysis
Authors: Richards Owain , Harinam Vincent 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Research Question
What were the odds of named suspects being arrested for a reported crime of intimate partner abuse over one 12-month period in one area of London (UK), and how did those odds vary across twelve predictive situational characteristics, including the presence or absence of the suspect?

Data
This study analyses 1000 intimate partner domestic abuse (DA) crimes recorded in the South West Basic Command Unit of the London Metropolitan Police Service in the 12 months between 1 February 2018 and 31 January 2019.

Methods
Twelve factors present at the time of police recording an intimate partner abuse crime were analysed in an odds ratio analysis predicting whether a named suspect would be arrested for the crime. Separate analyses were conducted for cases in which the suspect was present at the time police arrived to interview the victim and in cases in which the suspect was absent. Analyses were also conducted by crime type and crime severity scores, with a descriptive analysis of reasons police gave for not making arrests.

Findings
Police arrested the suspect in 90% of the 287 cases in which suspects were present when police arrived, and in 47% of the 713 cases in which the suspect was absent on arrival. There was no difference in crime severity scores between cases in which arrests were made vs. not. After suspect absence, victim unwillingness to press charges was the second strongest predictor of no arrest being made, with 21% reported unwilling to cooperate when suspects were present and 29% unwilling when suspects were absent. Arrests were more likely when suspects were male than female and less likely with male victims than female victims.

Conclusions
These data show that in an area housing about 12% of London’s population, police make arrests in 90% of intimate partner crimes when the suspect is still present at the scene, and almost half of those in which suspects leave before police arrive. The primary predictor of non-arrest, controlling for offender absence, is victim unwillingness to support prosecution. Various policy options can be considered in light of these findings.
A deep dive into Avivore
Authors: Fay Oliver 
Published: August 2020

Until now, most prominent supply chain intrusions have been vertical attacks, with the initial victims typically managed service providers (MSPs) or vendors targeted as a way of getting into and moving up or down the supply chain. However, incidents earlier this year targeting large multi-national firms in the aerospace and defence sectors can best be described as horizontal. Advanced attackers have been leveraging relationships and connectivity between suppliers and partners to get a foothold in each other's value chains. However, recent incidents targeting large multi-national firms in aerospace and defence can best be described as horizontal. Attackers have leveraged connectivity between suppliers and partners to get a foothold in each other's value chains. Oliver Fay of Context Information Security details a new threat group, codenamed Avivore, that has been compromising collaborative working solutions to bypass well-defended perimeters.