bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Genotoxic Potential of Cizolirtine a Substance-P and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Release Modulator
Authors: Fernández de Henestrosa Antonio R. , Marín Ana-Paz , Tortajada Araceli , Vila Cristina , Guzmán Antonio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe analysis of the genotoxic potential of cizolirtine, a compound being developed as a drug for analgesia and for urinary incontinence, was carried out using a battery of in vitro and in vivo assays as recommended in the guidelines for medicinal products. Negative results were obtained in an Ames test (up to 5000 µg/plate), in a Mouse Lymphoma assay (up to 2000 µg/ml) and in a single dose mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay (up to 300 mg/kg). In a human lymphocyte chromosome aberration assay, a slight statistical increase in the frequency of cells with chromosome aberrations including gaps was reported for the concentrations of 200 and 1600 μg/ml at the 24-h sampling time. This minor increase in chromosome aberrations was considered of questionable biological relevance since it was moderate, was within the laboratory historical control values, did no show a dose-dependent effect and was not observed at similar concentrations in a repeat assay. Taking into considerations the results obtained in the different in vitro and in vivo assays and a weight-of-evidence analysis, it suggests that cizolirtine would not pose a genotoxic risk when administered to humans.
Resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Initial Steps into a Bigger Epilepsy Surgery Program
Authors: Mehrotra Anant , Singh Suyash , Kanjilal Soumen , Attri Gagandeep , Rangari Kamlesh , Paliwal Vimal K. , Mani Vinita , Verma Pawan K. , Maurya Ved Prakash , Sardhara Jayesh , Bhaisora Kamlesh S. , Das Kuntal Kanti , Srivastava Arun Kumar , Jaiswal Awadhesh K. , Behari Sanjay 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background Among the patients of drug-resistant epilepsy, a subset which has focal impaired seizures localizes to the temporal lobe region (TLE). A majority of these cases are surgically amenable with anterior-medial temporal lobe resection or “lesionectomy.”

Objective In India, there is scarcity of “specialized centers” providing “comprehensive epilepsy care” and this dearth is further worse in populous states. In this article, we share our single center, observational, and retrospective experience of TLE in background of limited resources and utmost requirement.

Methodology Our study is a retrospective analysis medically refractory epilepsy patients (2016–2019). Patients with medically refractory epilepsy were selected based upon our noninvasive protocol (clinical semiology, interictal scalp electroencephalography (EEG), long-term video EEG monitoring data, and magnetic resonance injury [MRI]). The follow-up was noted from the last out-patient visit record or through telephonic conversation (International League Against Epilepsy score).

Results Of 23 cases of TLE (n = 7, mesial temporal sclerosis; n = 16 temporal lobe like cavernomas, tumors, or arterio-venous malformations). Single photon emission computed tomography/positron emission tomography (SPECT/PET) was performed in five cases (three cases of ictal/interictal SPECT and two cases of PET scan) where there was discordance between EEG/clinical and MRI. The median follow-up was of 19 months with 18 cases being seizure free. Five cases were fully off the antiepileptic drug (AEDs) while in 15 cases, the AEDs dosages or the number were reduced. Average number of AEDs reduced from 2.9 in preoperative period to 1.2 postoperatively. Two cases had quadrantanopia and one case of cerebrospinal fluid leak.

Conclusion A multidisciplinary and holistic approach is required for best patient care. The results of our initial surgical experience are encouraging.
Evaluation of MR Visual Rating Scales in Major Forms of Dementia
Authors: Kaushik Surabhi , Vani Kavita , Chumber Shishir , Anand Kuljeet Singh , Dhamija Rajinder K. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective The aim of the study is to visually rate major forms of dementia using global cortical atrophy (GCA), medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA), and Fazeka’s scales and Koedam’s score using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The purpose is to correlate the visual rating scales (VRS) with severity of dementia.

Materials and Methods Thirty patients fulfilling DSM 5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) criteria for Alzheimer’s dementia (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) underwent MRI brain. Cortical atrophy, medial temporal, and parietal lobe atrophy were assessed using GCA and MTA scales and Koedam’s score, respectively. White matter hyperintensities were assessed using Fazeka’s scale. Correlation between VRS and mini-mental state exam (MMSE) scores was done using Pearson correlation coefficient.

Results 70% of patients had Grade 2 GCA. More patients with AD had higher MTA scores as compared with others with 57% of AD patients showing abnormal for age MTA scores. Fazeka’s scale was abnormal for age in 58.33% of VaD and 57% AD patients. Majority (75%) showing severe parietal atrophy (Grade 3 Koedam’s score) were AD patients. Disproportionate frontal lobe atrophy was seen in all four (100%) FTD patients. Significant negative correlation was seen between MMSE and GCA scores of all patients (p-value = 0.003) as well as between MTA and MMSE scores in AD patients (p-value = 0.00095).

Conclusion Visual rating of MTA is a reliable method for detecting AD and correlates strongly with memory scores. Atrophy of specific regions is seen more commonly in some conditions, for instance, where MTA and parietal atrophy are specific for AD while asymmetric frontal lobe and temporal pole atrophy favor FTD.
Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Wake-Up Call for Neurosurgeons to Learn Percutaneous Tracheostomy
Authors: Aditya Grandhi , Raju Dimble , Shukla Jagriti , Ghosh Nabanita , Krishnan Prasad 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Tracheostomy is a commonly performed operation in neurosurgical patients. It is an aerosol generating procedure and is considered a high-risk operation in times of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Though percutaneous tracheostomy has been around for some time, many neurosurgeons still perform open surgical tracheostomy as they have been trained in doing so and are well versed with the procedure. However, this pandemic is a wake-up call for them to learn a new skill that is simple, quick, and has several advantages over the traditional method.
Guiding Residency Program Educational Goals Using Institutional Keyword Reports from the Ophthalmic Knowledge Assessment Program Examination
Authors: Oke Isdin , Ness Steven D. , Ramsey Jean E. , Siegel Nicole H. , Peeler Crandall E. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Introduction Residency programs receive an institutional keyword report following the annual Ophthalmic Knowledge Assessment Program (OKAP) examination containing the raw number of incorrectly answered questions. Programs would benefit from a method to compare relative performance between subspecialty sections. We propose a technique of normalizing the keyword report to determine relative subspecialty strengths and weaknesses in trainee performance.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed our institutional keyword reports from 2017 to 2019. We normalized the percentage of correctly answered questions for each postgraduate year (PGY) level by dividing the percent of correctly answered questions for each subspecialty by the percent correct across all subsections for that PGY level. We repeated this calculation for each PGY level in each subsection for each calendar year of analysis.
Results There was a statistically significant difference in mean performance between the subspecialty sections (p = 0.038). We found above average performance in the Uveitis and Ocular Inflammation section (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.18) and high variability of performance in the Clinical Optics section (95% CI: 0.76–1.34).
Discussion The OKAP institutional keyword reports are extremely valuable for residency program self-evaluation. Performance normalized for PGY level and test year can reveal insightful trends into the relative strengths and weaknesses of trainee knowledge and guide data-driven curriculum improvement.
Fluctuating Weakness in an 18-Month-Boy: Congenital Myasthenia
Authors: Banerjee Arundhati , Senguttuvan Gananamani , Reddy Chaitanya , Saini Arushi Gahlot 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this article, we reported a case of an 18-month-old male child patient who presented with motor predominant delay in attaining developmental milestones and early onset fatiguable weakness with ptosis and ophthalmoparesis. This ptosis and ophthalmoparesis typically worsened with progression of the day. Examination showed proximal weakness with preserved muscle stretch reflexes. Electrophysiology showed characteristic decrement on repetitive nerve stimulation test that localized to disorders of the neuromuscular junction. Next-generation sequencing showed a pathogenic variant of CHRNE that was responsible for congenital myasthenic syndrome. Such variants show increased improvement with salbutamol in addition to anticholinesterase inhibitors. Hence, the patient was started on pyridostigmine, and the plan was to add on salbutamol on follow-up if optimal improvement does not occur.
Bony Anatomy around the Watershed Line of the Distal Radius
Authors: Tay Kenny , Bin Abd Razak Hamid Rahmatullah , Yew Andy Khye Soon , Koh Joyce Suang Bee , Howe Tet S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background An important surgical landmark in the distal radius is the watershed line. The watershed line is a landmark for the positioning of volar locking plates (VLP) in the distal radius. Inconsistencies remain in the literature as to the presence and dimensions of landmarks in this compact area. We studied the detailed anatomy and dimensions of the distal radius with reference to bony anatomy around the watershed line, with special attention to the area between the pronator quadratus (PQ) and radial styloid.
Materials and Methods The distal radius regions of 31 cadavers (23 right sided and 8 left sided) were dissected and studied. The heights at the junction of the scaphoid and lunate fossa, at the radial styloid, at the midpoint in between, and the widths of the PQ line, scaphoid, and lunate fossa were measured. The angle subtended by the pronator fossa and the radial styloid was also recorded.
Results The mean heights at the junction of the scaphoid and lunate fossa, radial styloid, and midpoint in between were 5.1, 15.7, and 8.2 mm, respectively. The widths of the PQ line, scaphoid, and lunate fossa were 27, 19.4, and 10.6 mm, respectively. The mean angulation between the pronator fossa and the radial styloid was 128.9 degrees.
Conclusion The area between the PQ and watershed line comprises a narrow area of bone which tapers to a point at its medial extent largely below the lunate fossa, thus it can hardly contain any implant proximal to the lunate fossa. The anterior orientation of this area and the concave anatomy of the articular surface mean careful screw direction is imperative to avoid inadvertent joint penetration. An angulation exists between the pronator fossa and the radial styloid, below the scaphoid fossa.
Earthquake early warning in Aotearoa New Zealand: a survey of public perspectives to guide warning system development
Authors: Becker Julia S. , Potter Sally H. , Vinnell Lauren J. , Nakayachi Kazuya , McBride Sara K. , Johnston David M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEarthquake early warning (EEW) can be used to detect earthquakes and provide advanced notification of strong shaking, allowing pre-emptive actions to be taken that not only benefit infrastructure but reduce injuries and fatalities. Currently Aotearoa New Zealand does not have a nationwide EEW system, so a survey of the public was undertaken to understand whether EEW was considered useful and acceptable by the public, as well as perceptions of how and when such warnings should be communicated, before making an investment in such technology. We surveyed the public’s perspectives (N = 3084) on the usefulness of EEW, preferred system attributes, and what people anticipated doing on receipt of a warning. We found strong support for EEW, for the purposes of being able to undertake actions to protect oneself and others (e.g. family, friends, and pets), and to mentally prepare for shaking. In terms of system attributes, respondents expressed a desire for being warned at a threshold of shaking intensity MM5–6. They suggested a preference for receiving a warning via mobile phone, supported by other channels. In addition to being warned about impending shaking, respondents wanted to receive messages that alerted them to other attributes of the earthquake (including the possibility of additional hazards such as tsunami), and what actions to take. People’s anticipated actions on receipt of a warning varied depending on the time available from the warning to arrival of shaking. People were more likely to undertake quicker and easier actions for shorter timeframes of <10 s (e.g., stop, mentally prepare, take protective action), and more likely to move to a nearby safe area, help others, look for more information, or take safety actions as timeframes increased. Given the public endorsement for EEW, information from this survey can be used to guide future development in Aotearoa New Zealand and internationally with respect to system attributes, sources, channels and messages, in ways that promote effective action.
Passively mode-locked Er3+ and Tm3+-doped fiber lasers by using a common gold nanorods/D-shaped fiber as saturable absorber
Authors: Cui Linghao , Liu Jiaxing , Li Nan , Wang Fang , Jia Zhixu , Kang Zhe , Qin Weiping , Qin Guanshi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We demonstrate passively mode-locked erbium/thulium doped fiber lasers (TDFLs) operating at 1560/1950 nm by using a common gold nanorods (GNRs)/D-shaped fiber as saturable absorber (SA). The SA is prepared by the composite of GNRs with an average aspect ratio of 5.3 and D-shaped fiber, which has broadband absorption from 1000 nm to 3000 nm. By inserting the same SA into an erbium or thulium doped fiber laser cavity, stable passively mode-locked laser at 1560 or 1950 nm is achieved, respectively. A 1560 nm laser with a pulse width of 590 fs and a repetition frequency of 25.72 MHz is obtained for the erbium doped fiber laser (EDFL), and a 1950 nm laser with a pulse width of 373 fs and a repetition rate of 27.66 MHz is also obtained for the TDFL. Our results show that the GNRs/D-shaped fiber SA could be used for constructing broadband femtosecond fiber lasers.
Planning and Design Method for Heavy Launch Vehicle Launch site for Manned Mars Exploration Mission
Authors: Zhang Jun-xin , Zhong Wen-an , Xin YE , Jia Hong-liang , Wang Yu-chao , Zhu Xiao-le 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The manned Mars exploration mission is an important application for the future use of heavy launch vehicle. With largger scale and more system, its launch site planning design and construction are difficult. Launch vehicle overall design, launch site planning design and test launch mode are considered as a whole of feedback iteration. For the huge system engineering of manned Mars exploration, the design of the launch site is mainly affected by the mission scale, launch vehicle overall design and test launch mode. Analysis of factors such as mission scale and window cycle, more than two heavy launch vehicle launch pads are needed for the manned Mars exploration mission. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the multi-pad construction. According to the preliminary genera parameters of heavy launch vehicle and the climate characteristics of Wenchang launch site, analysis the test launch mode that suitable for China’s heavy launch vehicle. And then, the horizontal planning and the vertical plannig method are suggestted for heavy launch vehicle launch site. Thereby achieving technically feasible, safe reliable and cost controllable purposes. Provid ideas and methods for China’s future large-scale space mission launch site planning.
Research on power grid scheduling log word vector extraction based on bidirectional LSTM combined dictionary
Authors: Pan Xiaohui , Chen Tan , Liu Shengnan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
With the rapid development of China’s economy, the power network specifications are expanding and the network structure is becoming more and more complex. Power grid dispatching is the key to ensure the safe and stable operation of power grid. Power grid dispatch log is an important data source to reflect the operation of power grid and an important means to monitor the daily operation of power grid. Network dispatching log classification is an important application of log text analysis and mining. At present, there are many methods for network dispatching log classification, including naive bayesian method, support vector machine, neural network model and so on. However, no matter what classification method is used, scheduling log text needs to be preprocessed and converted into vector form before model training and classification. At present, the research of word vector mainly focuses on the Internet, while the feature extraction of power grid dispatch log from word vector generation is less. In this paper, a method of extracting log word vectors from power grid dispatching based on bidirectional LSTM combined dictionary is proposed. Firstly, the original log is preprocessed according to the lexicon, and word segmentation is performed on the original log by means of bidirectional LSTM combined with dictionary to obtain word segmentation results. Then, every word is transformed into a word vector through the skip-gram model. Finally, the generated word vector is used to classify the power grid dispatch logs.
Research on Transformer State Evaluation Method Based on Fault Feature Extraction
Authors: Liu Shuang , Han Rui , Jin Yongtao , Wang Wenhao , Lin Haofan , Yang Zhi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In order to realize the dynamic evaluation of transformer status and gradually improve the level of equipment fault diagnosis, a transformer condition assessment method based on fault feature extraction was proposed in this paper. Based on the data of the key state quantity of dissolved gas in transformer oil, this method extracted the transformer fault characteristics through various mathematical methods such as hypothesis testing and logistic language regression, and selected new indexes that could better reflect the operating state of transformer, so as to judge the operating state of transformer. In this paper, a large number of indicators were screened, and the regression method was used to find the indicators to judge the fault, without other external conditions. The analysis results showed that the average prediction accuracy of the proposed method was more than 95% under multiple cross validation, which had high engineering application value.
Research on Detect of Power Quality Problems in DC Distribution Network
Authors: XiaopingYang  , Wang Chendi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In recent years, sparseness-based representation methods have been studied in the field of signal processing. Among them, sparse decomposition based on Matching Pursuit is the most commonly used, but it is a NP difficult (Nondeterministic poly-nominal) problem essentially. The concept of infinity will increase the difficulty, affects its practicability. Aiming at the problem of the computational efficiency above, Matching Pursuit algorithm based on genetic algorithm is proposed to achieve sparse decomposition of signals. Then build a simulation model through MATLAB, simulate the actual DC distribution network, obtain power quality data, and use the algorithm proposed in this paper to verify, the results show that the algorithm is applied to the DC power distribution system power quality detection, in the realization of disturbance classification. At the same time, the characteristic parameters of the disturbance component can be obtained. This method not only can obtain the optimal atom with higher precision, but also can greatly reduce the calculation amount and improve the efficiency, which has certain practical value in engineering
Microgrid Comprehensive Economic Dispatch Based on Generation-load Interaction
Authors: Yu Hongxia , Fu Hongze 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The generation-load interaction is an effective way to utilize the generation and load side resources. Aiming at the uncertainty of the schedulable range of incentive-based DR’s load reduction, the upper limit of capacity reduction is determined by baseline load and forecast load based on the economic scheduling model, and the load reduction cost model of incentive-based DR is established. Considering the influence of the electricity price on electricity consumption, a load guidance cost model of price-based DR is established. According to the incentive load reduction cost and price load change cost and each unit model, a comprehensive model of day-ago microgrid dispatch is established. The example analysis verifies the validity of the comprehensive model. The scheduling accuracy can be guaranteed by modifying the reduction range of the incentive-based DR, and the rationality of the guided price load can be guaranteed by adjusting the price-based DR.
Harmonic Source Region Location Based on Fast ICA and Scene Clustering
Authors: Xu Haobo , Shao Zhenguo , Chen Feixiong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The widespread application of power electronic devices and renewable power generation has resulted in significant harmonic pollution. Harmonic source location is of great importance since it is a prerequisite to mitigate harmonic pollution. In this paper, a scene-based harmonic source region location method is proposed. The proposed method employs the fast independent component analysis (ICA) to locate the harmonic source region as the harmonic measurement matrix is unknown and the measuring equation is not observable. In this way, the range of suspect harmonic sources is narrowed and the cost of harmonic source location is reduced. Furthermore, the improved K-means algorithm is adopted to divide the measurement data into several scenes to improve location accuracy. Finally, a case study is conducted to verify the validity and accuracy of the proposed method.
Time-domain simulation analysis of combined suppression measures for subsynchronous oscillators
Authors: Wenpei Zhu , Aimin An , Yifan Xu , Wei Chen , Yingying Zhao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Subsynchronous oscillation (SSO) may occur in High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission systems during operation. It seriously affects the stability of the power system, and, if no reasonable control measures are taken, the shaft system of the unit can break. To study the AC side shafting of an HVDC system, the parameters of the first IEEE standard model of SSO were taken as the reference and combined with the CIGRE Benchmark two-terminal DC transmission model to build a complete set of HVDC systems for SSO research. The system SSO phenomenon was realized by setting the fault of a Supplementary Subsynchronous Damping Controller with wideband connection and a Supplementary Excitation Damping Controller with separate modes. They were designed at the network side to suppress the SSO of the system effectively, and the effectiveness of the suppression effect was verified by time-domain simulation.