bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revegetation of tin post-mining sites in Bangka Island to enhance soil surface development
Authors: Setyawan D , Hermawan A , Hanum H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Sandy tailing, a by-product of tin processing plant is commonly utilized for land preparation for revegetation. In some cases in the land reclamation, slime (clayey) and lateritic materials are also used. Mining company has an obligation to improve environmental quality by which revegetation is introduced using a variety of introduced fast growing species and local species. In this paper we have examined soil surface development under different plant species in tin post-mining area in Bangka Island. The study was carried out in Air Benuang (planted in 2017, Anacardium, 1 m height), Air Pelawan 2 (planted in 2017, Paraserianthes falcataria, 6 m height), Air Pelawan 1 (planted in 2015, rubber trees, 2 m height), Batu Ampar (2007, Acacia mangium, 10 m height), and a secondary forest in Air Mesu. In every site a small pit was excavated and some soil physical properties were analyzed in site as well as in laboratory. The results indicated that surface soil of recently revegetated sites has gradually changed into slightly darker from light yellowish brown (10 YR 6/4) into 10 YR 3/1 owing to such addition of organic matter and topsoil during sites preparation. Meanwhile, for the older site of Batu Ampar remains grey (10 YR 5/1-6/1) due to less incorporation of decomposing litter of Acacia. Revegetation also enhances decrease of bulk density with age of reclamation. Water infiltration is likely related to the amount of sand fraction but not with the age of revegetation. We learn from the results that plant selection for revegetation is the key factor to ensure a long-term recovery of soil surface condition.
Potential of Boehmia nivea as phytoremediator for petroleum-contaminated soil following nitrogen-fixing bacteria inoculation
Authors: Suryatmana P , Setiawati M R , Nursyabani D D , Kamaluddin N N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Phytoremediation is one of an alternative technology to overcome a petroleum-contaminated soil. Boehmia nivea or Ramie has the potential to be used as a phytoremediatoragent to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons. The effort to improve the performance of Ramie in degrading petroleum hydrocarbons is through the concept of phytostimulant inoculation in biological fertilizer. The objective of pot experiment was to investigate the performance of Ramie as a phytoremediator of petrolleum waste. The research was designed in a randomized block design and consisted of Ramie treatment without inoulation, Ramie inoculated with 2% Azotobacter vinelandii, 2% Azospirillum sp., and 2% consortia of both inoculants. Experimental result showed that Ramie plants removed petroleum hydrocarbons up to 83.22% after 13 week of inoculation. The efficacy of hydrocarbon degradation increased significantly if Ramie plants was inoculated by N-fixing bacteria, but the biodegradation efficiency in biofertilizer treatments was not significantly different.
Fusing environmental variables into soil spectroscopy modeling using a novel two-step regression method
Authors: Adi S H , Grunwald S , Tafakresnanto C 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Soil spectroscopy modelling has been extensively studied as the cost-effective proximal sensing method for soil total and organic carbon predictions. Soil carbon properties were highly predictable due to the existence of active carbon molecular bonds within the Visible/Near-Infrared (VNIR) wavelength region. However, prediction results are highly variable for soil properties without active molecular bonds within the VNIR region, such as soil pH, sum of bases (SB), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). This research is intended to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrogen (N), pH, SB and CEC prediction accuracies by fusing categorical environmental variables (soil sample depth class, soil order, landform, and parent material) with continuous soil spectral data. We introduce a novel two-step regression method (2Step-R) to properly integrate the mixed type variables utilizing Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) and Ridge Regression in the modelling. Results from our analysis showed that the novel 2Step-R method was capable to improve the standard PLSR prediction model performances from fair (with ratio of performance to deviation or RPD between 1 and 1.4) to acceptable (RPD between 1.4 to 2), particularly for N, pH, and SB predictions. Slight model performance improvements were achieved for SOC and CEC predictions, although RPD values were within the acceptable range. In conclusion, the 2Step-R method is promising to enhance soil prediction performances and offers flexibility to include different types of ancillary model covariates suited to mix categorical soil-environmental and continuous spectral data.
The productivity increasing of peatlands on community land by multi-cropping model in Riau Indonesia
Authors: Ariyanto D P , Sumarno  , Supriyono  , Yunus A , Pudjiasmanto B , Rahayu  , Widijanto H , Suntoro  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Development and protection of peatlands become important things to reduce land damage, such as peatland fires, and can increase economic value for farmers. This research aims to evaluate the development of peatlands which friendly. The conduct was August 2017 to June 2019 in Merbau, Bunut Regency-Province of Riau, Indonesia. The area has 3 peatlands; those are shallow, medium, deep, and enrichment peat. The results showed that multi-cropping could be cultivated to some plants, those are Liberika coffee, rubber, and Areca nut for annual plants. Besides that, a pineapple could be cultivated among annual plants. Monkeys and wild boars are seriously affecting independence to cultivation. Community and farmers approach with public figure become the key to land management without peatland fires.
Impact Of The Implementation Of Strategic Cultivars On Traditional Cultivars In The Technical Efficiency Of Farmers And Welfare (The Case Of Strawberry Crop Farming In Serang Village)
Authors: Poernomo Adi , Sitibadriah Lilis , Setyorini Gunawan Diah , Suharno  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The implementation of strategic strawberry cultivars in Serang village agriculture has caused some farmers to switch from vegetable farming to strawberry farming, this phenomena is interesting to find out whether the transfer to strawberry cultivar plants is followed by increased production efficiency and farmer welfare. The aim of this study is to analyze the level of technical efficiency of strawberry farming and vegetable farming, and to measure the level of welfare of farmers through the “farmer exchange rate index”. The data used in this study are primary data, with the method of “in-depth interviews”. Quantitative analysis was carried out to measure the level of technical efficiency of strawberry and vegetable farming using the Data Envelopment Analysis approach. The measurement of technical efficiency of strawberry and vegetable production uses input variables which consist of “land rent, labor, fertilizer, seeds, medicines, irrigation, and agricultural equipment”, and the output variable is production. Measurements of the efficiency of strawberry distribution and vegetable farming use variable input number of distributors and shipping costs, and the output variable is the distributor’s selling price. To measure the level of welfare of farmers, the farmers’ exchange rate index is used, which is a measure of the ability of the exchange rate of products produced and sold by farmers with products consumed by farmers, both those which are household needs and agricultural production costs. The results of the Data Envelopment Analysis show that from the level of efficiency of production and distribution, strawberry farming and vegetable farming on average are already efficient. The results of measuring the level of welfare of farmers indicate that strawberry and vegetable farmers are in prosperous conditions.
The antioxidant activity of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linii) phenolic compounds in different variations microwave-assisted extraction time and power
Authors: Purbowati Ike Sitoresmi M , Maksum Ali 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The roselle flower bioactive compounds must be extracted out of the cell to facilitate their use. The use of microwave-assisted extraction methods is considered more effective and efficient, but improper use of microwave power and extraction time will actually cause damage to the bioactive compound. The focus of these study was to evaluate the effect of different microwave power and extraction time on chemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of roselle flower extract. The research design used in this study was randomized block design (RBD) trial with 2 (two) factors. The first factor is microwave power (100, 175, 250, 325 and 400 watts). Second one is extraction time (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 minutes). The effect showed that the use of microwave power which give the best results is 325 watts with total anthocyanin 13.8591 mg/100g, vitamin C 110.88 mg/100g,. The best extraction time was 5 minutes with total anthocyanin 13.8381 mg/100g, vitamin C 121.44 mg/100g. The bioactive content is directly proportional to the antioxidant activity produced, namely IC50 of 0.515 ug/ml.
The Effect Of Kelor Leaves (Moringa oleifera) Ethanol Extract On Serum Uric Acid And Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Of Hyperuricemic White Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Wahyu Pribadi Fajar , Widiartini Catharina 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Chronic hyperuricemia leads to various complications due to the inflammation and oxidative processes. However, the current chemical medications have caused serious side effects. Ethanol extract of Kelor (Moringga oleifera) leaves contains various active substances potential for decreasing serum uric acid and inflammatory cytokine el. The aim of this experiment is to study the effect of Kelor (Moringga oleifera) leaves ethanol extract to serum uric acid and TNF-α level. The Method used is experimental study with post test only with control group design. Twenty-five white rats were randomly assigned into 5 groups: A (healthy control), B (diseased control; hyperuricaemic), C,D,E (hyperuricemic, given ethanol extract 300,600,1200 mg/KgBW/day). Hyperuricemia inductioan was conducted by administration of 20 g raw cow brain/rat/day for 10 days and was continued until day 17. The result is the average of uric acid (mg/dL) in group A: 4,18±0,55, B: 15,02±0,71, C: 8,46±0,12, D: 6,55±0,14, E: 6,45±0,13. The average of TNF-α (mg/dL) in group A: 29,59±10,67, B: 122,58±40,45, C: 108,80±19,89, D: 60,54±8,40, E: 36,12±8,07. Data analysis used One Way ANOVA, followed by post hoc LSD for uric acid and Kruskall-Wallis, followed by Mann-Whitney tests for TNF-α reveal significant differences among groups. The conclucion of this study is the administration of Kelor (Moringga oleifera) leaves ethanol extract in various doses significantly decrease serum uric acid and TNF-α level of hyperuricemic model white rats.
Effect of fermentation temperature and culture concentration on microbial and physicochemical properties of cow and goat milk yogurt
Authors: Aldaw Ibrahim Ibrahim , Naufalin Rifda , Erminawati  , Dwiyanti Hidayah 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This present study aimed to assess the effect of fermentation temperature and culture concentration on LAB growth, physical and chemical properties of fermenting cow and goat milk. The International Official Analytical Chemistry Association (AOAC) and the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) methods were used to analyze the physical and chemical properties of yogurt. Yogurt was prepared using fermentation temperature (40, 43, 46°C), a combination of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus acidophilus strains. (1: 1), culture inoculation (5, 10, 15persent) and fermentation times (8 hours). The results showed that the cultures concentration and temperature have a significant effect on physicochemical properties, and viable amount of fermented milk samples. There were a significant difference (P< 0.05) between all yogurt samples in LAB growth, total solids, pH, viscosity, and there were no significant difference (P< 0.05 between, titeriatble acidity, color and density of all samples. The general results of this present study proved that the ideal state of fermentation of cow and goat milks fermentation were: fermentation 46°C, culture concentration 10, 15%, for 8h. Thus, the benefit from these results are developing physical and chemical properties and sensory characteristics of cow and goat milk yogurt.
Optimization of temperature and time of extraction of kecombrang stem and leaf (etlingera elatior) based on the quality of product bioactive components
Authors: Fatimah Farah , Christin Larasati Natalia , Wicaksono Rumpoko , Naufalin Rifda 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFoodstuffs are perishable due to the nutritional component contained therein. Therefore it is necessary to prevent food damage, one of which is the addition of preservatives in food. One of the natural ingredients that has the potential as a natural preservative is kecombrang plant. Kecombrang(Etlingera elatior)is known to have bioactive compounds including polyphenols, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Extraction is influenced by several factors including temperature and time. These factors need to be controlled so that the extract produced has the best quality. This study aims to determine the optimum temperature and time extraction of kecombrang stems and leaves on the quality of the bioactive components of the product produced. This study uses the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) method with the Design Expert v10 program. The experimental design used is Central Composit Design (CCD). The factors that were tried in this study were temperature and liquid extraction time. The temperature consists of three levels, namely 40°C, 50°C, and 60°C, and time consists of three levels namely 3, 4 and 5 hours. The results showed that the optimum temperature and time in the extraction of kecombrang stem using a temperature of 40°C with a duration of 5 hours produced a pH value of 3.85, a total flavonoid of 239.92 mg QE / 100 g, a total phenol of 111.41 mg TAE / 100 g and optimum temperature and time in kecombrang leaf extraction using a temperature of 51°C with a duration of 3 hours produced a pH value of 4.35, a total phenol of 327.13 mg TAE / 100 g and a total flavonoid of 24.911 mg QE / 100 g. Qualitative test results indicate that positive liquid extracts contain alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, phenolics and triterpenoids.
Phytotoxicity in Foxtail millet seed polluted batik wastewater and its reduction by ArbuscularMycorrhizal Fungi
Authors: Dewi RatnaStia , Mardiyahkurniasih  , Dwiputranto Uki 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of giving ArbuscularMycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), to the toxicity of Millet seeds (Foxtail millet) contaminated with batik waste water. This study used seeds contaminated with batik waste water with the addition of AMF and without AMF (negative control), as well as water-treated waste, Millet seeds that were not polluted with batik waste water with and without AMF added with distilled water (positive control). The results showed that AMF addition had an effect on reducing the toxicity of Millet seeds contaminated with batik waste water. Millet exposed to batik wastewater with the provision of AMF + water produced the best value of 57.78% germination, 42.22% inhibition, highest leaf length 1.13 cm, plumulae 1.89 cm, radics 1.58 cm. The provision of AMF is promising in preventing pollutants from entering plants as well as improving soil quality.
The effect of packaging type and storage temperature on the characteristics of cheese spread analogues from corn extract
Authors: Aini Nur , Sustriawan Budi , Sumarmono Juni , Prihananto V. , Purwaning Atmajayanti Tanty 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Cheese spread analogues composed of corn milk have a limited shelf life due to their high water and fat content. Therefore, appropriate packaging and storage temperatures are required to maintain the nature of these products for long-term storage. The purpose of the present study was to 1) study the effect of packaging type and storage temperature on the chemical and sensory characteristics of corn milk-based cheese analogues; 2) determine the most effective packaging type for corn milk-based cheese analogues; 3) determine the optimal storage temperature to be applied for corn milk-based cheese analogue. The present study used a completely randomised split-plot design. The effects of various storage factors were assessed, including storage time (1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks) as the main plot, type of packaging (polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and glass) as a subplot, and storage temperature (-5°C, 5°C, and IOC) as a subplot. The studied cheese analogue variables included moisture, free fatty acid content, soluble protein content, fat content, pH and sensory characteristics. The results indicated that packaging type and storage temperature had a significant effect on analogue cheese during storage. The most effective packaging types applied for 4 weeks of analogue cheese storage were glass packaging with a moisture content of 69.60%, soluble protein of 6.91%, a fat content of 5.4%, free fatty acid content of 3.65% and pH of 4.6. The sensory characteristics included smooth texture, easy to spread, a bright, attractive and shiny appearance, pale yellow colour, and acidic smell. The optimum storage temperature for corn milk-based analogue cheese spread for 4 weeks was 5°C with a moisture content of 69.26%, dissolved protein content of 7.23%, fat content of 5.68%, free fatty acid content of 3.54% and pH 4.6. Sensory characteristics included smooth texture, easy to spread, a bright, attractive and shiny appearance, pale yellow colour, and slightly acidic smell smelling only slightly of cheese.
Optimum frequency identification of anomalous geomagnetic signal related to earthquake precursor in Sumatra Island
Authors: Sokacana I , Rosid M S , Ahadi S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Many scientific studies has detected ULF (ultra-low frequency) emission before an earthquake. An earlier study of Loma Prieta 7.1 M earthquake in 1989 shows ULF anomaly ranged between 0.01-10 Hz before an earthquake. A similar study of Kushiro earthquake 6.4 Mw shows that the ULF anomaly can be detected at a frequency range of 0.022-0.1 Hz. Furthermore, a study conducted in Sumatra Island from 2007-2012 shows the ULF anomaly at 0.01-0.06 Hz. Newer study on the 2009 Padang earthquake and Mentawai 2010 earthquake shows ULF emission between 0.012-0.022 Hz. Based on the aforementioned researches, a study is conducted on frequency range of 0.01-0.09 Hz to identify the optimum ULF frequency. Study conducted in this case uses magnetic diurnal variation data from Sumatra region from 2017 to 2018, especially earthquakes recorded at Gunung Sitoli (GSI), and Sicincin (SCI) stations. Previous studies above provide an overview of ULF ranges associated with earthquakes. Based on all above, an analysis is conducted to find the precursors using data of past earthquake events by utilizing Fast Fourier Transform to transform time-domain data to frequency domain, bandpass filters to eliminate noise, power ratio of Z/H to determine the time window, and Single Station Transfer Function to determine the location window. Lastly, moving average is used to assist determination of time window. Magnetic anomalies between 0.01-0.03 Hz, with amplitude exceeding monthly average, were observed before the earthquakes. Analysis in this frequency range shows occurence of earthquake 5-6 days after geomagnetic anomalies were detected. This study shows that location window prediction is possible with 100% accuracy. Therefore, 0.01-0.03 is currently the optimum frequency for precursor analysis.
Effect of Sugar on Nutrient Composition and Shelf Life of Red Guava Jams
Authors: Nissa Choirun , Arifan Fahmi , Febrianto Rico , Aditya William , Hayu Dwimawanti Ida , Pramudyono Widyasmara Reyno 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Red guava as fruit jams normally preserved using added sugar to prolong its shelf life. Heating process and different sugar content could affect in nutrient content and expiration date. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the nutrient content and shelf life of jams based on two different sugar content. Two hundred (jam A) and two hundred and fifty grams of sugar (jam B) was added in 800 grams of guava then cooked at 70°C within an hour. Protein and fat was measured using Kjeldahl and soxhlet, while water and ash content was analyzed using thermogravimetry and dry ash method. Carbohydrate was calculated using by difference method. Shelf life determination was obtained using organoleptic test, containing taste, aroma, and visual sensory. In result, jam A have a higher protein (0.334%), fat (1.567%), and water (29.21%) than jam B (0.306%; 1.092%; 27.32%). On the other hand, ash (0.34%) and carbohydrate (68.549%) in jam A are lower than B (0.37% and 70.912 respectively). Overall, jam A have a higher protein, fat, water and carbohydrate content than jam B. A higher water content potentially indicate a lower shelf life which seen in jam A. In conclution, terms of nutritional composition, jam A have higher content than jam B, but have lower shelf life.
Fish conservation status in eastern part of segara anakan Cilacap Indonesia
Authors: Sih Piranti Agatha , Setyaningrum Nuning , Diana Retna USR , Ardli Erwin R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Segara Anakan is an estuarine ecosystem located on the southern coast of Central Java Province which is very fertile with high biodiversity. However, the current condition is thought to have experienced a decline in biodiversity caused by sedimentation, overexploitation and water pollution problems so that it is feared that it will disrupt the preservation of organisms including fish. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of fish found in Segara Anakan Cilacap, and to know the conservation status of each species of fish caught in Segara Anakan in eastern Cilacap. This research was conducted using a survey method with cluster random sampling technique at 6 stations (3 stations on the Sapuregel River and 3 stations on the Kembangkuning River) with 3 replications each during highest tide. Fish collection is done by using a net and gillnet or gillnet that is installed during low tide and carried out during high tide. The diversity of fish in the waters of Segara Anakan is 36 species from 25 families. There are 16 species from 15 families in the Donan River and 34 species from 25 families in the Sapuregel River. The diversity of fish in the Sapuregel River is higher than in the Donan River. The status of fish in the eastern Segara Anakan waters management area is mostly in the LR (Least Concern) or low risk status and 1 NT (Near Threatened) species or threatened with extinction namely Sidat Fish (Anguilla bicolof)