bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of feruloyl esterase-producing lactic acid bacteria or cellulase on anaerobic fermentation profiles, lignocellulosic degradation, enzymatic hydrolysis and methane production potential of co-ensiled corn stalk and potato pulp
Authors: Xu Dongmei , Ding Zitong , Ke Wencan , Bai Jie , Zhang Yixin , Li Fuhou , Guo Xusheng 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Anaerobic digestion of agro-industrial residues that with rich lignocellulosics biomass is regarded as one of the cost-efficient and environmentally beneficial technologies for biofuels production. While, pretreatment is necessary to degrade cellulose and hemicellulose for enhancing the potential bio-digestibility process for biogas producing. Thus, the effects of co-ensiling of corn straw and potato pulp inoculated with ferulic acid esterase-producing Lactobacillus plantarum A1 or cellulases on lignocellulosic degradation, enzymatic hydrolysis and theoretical biochemical methane potential were investigated with two mixture ratios. Four treatments were applied: without additive (C), L. plantarum A1 (P), cellulases (E) and combination of L. plantarum A1 and cellulases (P+E). Two mixture ratios were used: weight ratio of wet corn straw (rehydrated to 460 g/kg fresh weight) and potato pulp of 4:1 (CP) and weight ratio of dry corn straw and potato pulp of 1:2 (PC).Results: The results revealed that silages treated with E and P+E performed better regarding lignocelluloses degradation by lowering the contents of lignocelluloses with prolonged fermentation time and preserved more available carbohydrates. The P and C resulted in greater enzymatic hydrolysis as indicated by higher glucose yield, cellulose convertibility and relative improvement ratio especially at 60 and 90 d of co-ensiling. For biofuels producing, the CP ratio of mixture had higher theoretical methane yield than PC ratio. Therefore, Co-ensiling CP ratio with additives E and P+E for 90 d might be considerable pretreatment of mixed corn stalk and potato pulp for biogas production. Conclusions: This work will helpful in investigating pretreatment of biomass that with rich lignocellulosics. In addition, the visualization results of the process of lignocellulosic degradation could be used for guidance to explore the lignocellulosic biomass using for large-scale biofuels production. Keywords: Co-ensiling, Theoretical methane yield, Silage additives, Solanum tuberosum , Zea mays
Comparative transcriptomics and cellular analysis reveal the tolerance mechanisms of Candida tropicalis towards phenol as the representative phenolic inhibitors from lignocellulosic hydrolysis
Authors: Wang Hanyu , Li Qian , Peng Yuanyuan , Zhang Zhengyue , Kuang Xiaolin , Hu Xiangdong , Ayepa Ellen , Han Xuebing , Abrha Getachew Tafere , Xiang Quanju , Yu Xiumei , Zhao Ke , Zou Likou , Gu Yunfu , Li Xi , Li Xiaoying , Chen Qiang , Zhang Xiaoping , Liu Beidong , Ma Menggen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Phenolics derived from lignocellulose severely influence cell growth and fermentation ability in yeast. Due to its high tolerance for various stresses, Candida tropicalis has recently emerged as a promising strain for the degradation of industrial sewage. Great efforts have been made on studying the degradation machineries of phenol by C. tropicalis, but the global mechanisms underlying its tolerance of high concentrations of phenolics remain ambiguous. Since the substructure and toxicity of phenol are similar to those of other phenolic compounds derived from lignin hydrolysis, we treated C. tropicalis cells with phenol as a representative substance for the phenolic compounds.
Results: We found that after treatment with 0.5 g/l, 1.0 g/l, and 2.0 g/l phenol, the growth of C. tropicalis SHC-03 was inhibited, but recovered completely after a lag phase. Although we found that C. tropicalis could degrade phenol when phenol was used as the sole carbon source, it could not degrade phenol in YPD medium, implying that increased tolerance for phenol contributed to the recovery of cell growth. Morphological observation demonstrated that phenol could induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, mitochondrial membrane damage, and damage to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but did not affect the structural stability of chromatin. On the basis of transcriptome data and cell wall susceptibility analysis, a number of genes related to DNA repair, DNA replication, heat shock protein (HSP)-mediated proteasomal degradation, autophagy, accumulation of fatty acids, cell wall remodeling, and MDR/MXR transporters were found. These genes may play key roles in the increased tolerance of C. tropicalis to phenol stress.
Conclusion: C. tropicalis appears to prevent phenol-induced cell damage through maintenance of high-fidelity DNA replication, intracellular protein homeostasis, organelle integrity, and keep the intracellular phenol concentration at a low level through cell-wall remodeling and removal of excess phenol via MDR/MXR transporters. The knowledge obtained from this research provided us with a global understanding of phenolic tolerance mechanisms in C. tropicalis and will promote the genetic modification of yeast strains to develop biological products using lignocellulosic hydrolysates as a carbon resource.
An outbreak of nosocomial infectious bacteria on the surfaces of medical instruments and the wounds of patients shortly after admission to the newly built burn intensive care unit
Authors: Huang Jia , Zhu Jie , Tang Lan , Cheng Huali , Lv Guozhong , Pan Haiyan , Wakim Chris , Yuan Qinfang , Lin Pingping , Chen Rongfang , Yang Minlie , Yuan Fenglai , Jiang Donglin , Miao Zongning , Wang Bei , Diao Ling , Liu Minfeng , Zhao Peng , Zhang Feng 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background & Aims: Nosocomial infection (NI) is a significant problem in burn intensive care units (BICUs). Although a number of strict infection control practices had been carried out for preventing NI bacterium infection, the spreads or even outbreaks of these pathogens were often reported. Here we monitored the infection in a newly built BICU and tried to discover the origin and transmission route of NI. Methods: Five burn patients were gradually transferred or admitted into a newly built BICU. The surfaces of medical instruments were cleaned with detergent and later with chlorine disinfectant . NI bacteria colonies on surfaces of medical instruments, gloves, and burn wounds were sampled using Replicate Organism Detection and Counting (RODAC) plates. Gram-positive coccus and Gram-negative bacilli were identified, followed by antimicrobial susceptibility tests for Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii. The shift of these two bacteria was depicted with a heat-map. The phylogenetic grouping was analysed based on the Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) fingerprint. Results: Colonies of S.aureus and A. baumannii were gradually discovered on several instruments during the first 5 days when the detergent was used. Conversely, since the sterilization, almost no S.aureus or A. baumannii colonies could be found. Furthermore, colonies were found on the nursing assistant’s gloves at day 0, which was attributed to her repeated gloves use after her touch of the body of the first admitted patient. Simultaneously, the wounds of the other four admitted patients were colonized with same strains of A. baumannii starting at day 1 or day 2. Conclusions: The NI bacteria rapidly colonized the surfaces of the medical instruments, which was facilitated by using detergent but was eliminated shortly after by using a disinfectant. The colonization of NI bacteria on the wounds of burn patients might have come from the nursing assistant’s gloves.
Analysis of cognition structure of student’s having emotional, behavioral and learning difficulties: aspect of international experience
Authors: Radzevičienė Liuda , Miliūnienė Lina , Batūraitė Aistė , Hoogerwerf Evert-Jan , Charvatis Adam , Bader Michael , Oliv Thomas , Grudeva Petya 
Published: December 2019

Article present international research on cognition, situation analysis of pupil who has emotional, behavioral and learning difficulties, that leads to early school drops. The main features of pupils who are not motivated in school attendance are problems in family environment and behavioral manifestations that lead to social conflicts. Method of deep-interview was applied during multifold individual meetings with pupil. Twenty-one student from four EU countries at the age from 13 to 20 years took part in the research. It was set that student’s difficulties and strengths at school, de-motivational and motivational aspects, weak points, problems of positive self-evaluation, coping strategies, helping thoughts, advice and wishes about future are the main inner psychological problems that reflects in student’s environmental acting.
Global initiative gold and national recommendations on the management of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): the place of double bronchodilation
Authors: Vizel A. A. , Vizel I. Yu. 
Published: December 2019

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic, environmentally mediated disease manifested by broncho-obstructive syndrome, which is not completely reversible.The purpose of this review was to summarize the latest changes in the management of these patients, which occurred in international and domestic guidelines.Methods. The analysis of work on the problem of COPD, available in the E-Library and PubMed electronic libraries, was carried out.Results. The year 2019 was marked by the renewal of global GOLD initiatives and the implementation of national guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of COPD in practice. The most significant provisions are the following: double long-acting bronchodilators are the main treatment for stable COPD; specific indications are needed for the administration of ICS and they are not universal in the treatment of COPD; not all double bronchodilators are the same – their evidence base is not yet equivalent. The analysis of real practice shows that the use of shortacting bronchodilators, ICS and triple therapy remains excessive.Conclusion. Understanding of COPD is improving, identifying the most vulnerable points, problems, the solution of which will make it possible to take new steps to improve the quality of life of these patients and reduce mortality.
The place of Omalizumab in the treatment of allergic diseases
Authors: Kurbacheva O. M. , Galitskaya M. A. 
Published: December 2019

The article describes a modern approach to the use of anti-IgE therapy for allergic bronchial asthma and conditions associated with this disease. The humanized monoclonal anti-IgE antibody, Omalizumab (Xolar®), is a promising treatment for allergic diseases mediated by IgE. Much evidence has been obtained of the effectiveness of Omalizumab in allergic bronchial asthma and chronic spontaneous (idiopathic) urticaria, on the basis of which global meta-analyzes have been carried out confirming the effectiveness and safety of this therapeutic strategy. Recent scientific articles actively discuss the possibility of expanding indications for the medical use of Omalizumab. Clinical studies have been published on the efficacy and safety of Omalizumab for allergic rhinitis, allergic keratoconjunctivitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, chronic idiopathic urticaria, food allergies, allergen-specific immunotherapy, atopic dermatitis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis – in cases of comorbidity with asthma. The clinical effect of Omalizumab in patients with allergic bronchial asthma is the most studied and proven. Currently, a number of clinical studies evaluate the long-term results of prolonged use of Omalizumab or the condition after its cancellation in patients with allergic bronchial asthma and various comorbidity.
Clinical experience of using double bronchodilation therapy in patients with COPD
Authors: Demko I. V. , Mamayeva M. G. , Gordeyeva N. V. , Solov’yeva I. A. , Kraposhina A. Yu. 
Published: December 2019

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is today one of the socially significant diseases, and its treatment remains a major medical problem.Currently, the main goals of treating patients with COPD are: eliminating symptoms and improving the quality of life, preventing exacerbations and reducing future risks, slowing the progression of the disease and reducing mortality.The article presents a clinical case from the practice of a patient with COPD who received tiotropium bromidi as monotherapy. The patient had significant impaired airway patency during spirometry, a decrease in exercise tolerance. The patient was assigned a new representative of combination preparations with a 24-hour action – Anoro Ellipta® (Vilanterol + Umeklidiniy) 22/55 mcg, with a new drug delivery vehicle. After 6 months of therapy with Anoro Ellipt®, the patient has increased exercise tolerance, improved pulmonary function, as well as quality of life.
Community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients: clinical guidelines
Authors: Zaytsev A. A. , Sinopal’nikov A. I. 
Published: December 2019

Community-acquired pneumonia is still the cornerstone of practical public health care due to high morbidity and mortality. Streptococcus pneumoniae (30-50%), Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae remain the main cause of community-acquired pneumonia (3-5%). In recent years, the spread of strains resistant to macrolide antibiotics (~30:) and isolates with reduced sensitivity to β-lactams among pneumococci has been a topical problem. On the pages of international recommendations, biological markers of inflammatory response are of great importance in the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia. Thus, in patients with an uncertain diagnosis of «community-acquired pneumonia» in case of concentration of C-reactive protein ≥ 100 mg/l its specificity in confirming the diagnosis exceeds 90%, at a concentration of < 20 mg/l the diagnosis of pneumonia is unlikely. All hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia should use the IDSA/ATS criteria or SMART-COP scale to assess severity, predict and determine admission to intensive care unit. When planning antimicrobial therapy tactics in hospitalized patients, it is advisable to categorize patients taking into account risk factors for ineffective therapy. In the absence of such, choice of antibiotics are inhibitor-proof aminopenicillins (amoxicillin/clavulanate, etc.), ampicillin; the alternative therapy mode involves the use of respiratory fluoroquinolones.In patients with comorbidities and other risk factors for infection with resistant microorganisms, the drugs of choice are inhibitorproof aminopenicillins (amoxicillin/clavulanate, etc.), III generation cephalosporins (cefotaxime, ceftriaxone), respiratory fluoroquinolones, and ceftaroline and ertapenem may be used in certain categories of patients. With regard to ceftaroline, it is worth noting that its use is currently an attractive strategy due to its wide range of activities, including resistant strains of pneumococcus and S. aureus. Special attention in the publication is paid to antimicrobial therapy modes in case of severe community-acquired pneumonia, the criteria of efficacy assessment and duration of antibiotics application are reflected.
Some aspects of application of the combination of formoterol and budesonide: what is changed?
Authors: Vizel A. A. , Vizel I. Yu. 
Published: December 2019

The use of a combination of the inhaled glucocorticosteroid budesonide and beta2-selective long-acting adrenergic agonist formoterol is recommended for both bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), however, indications for their use have changed significantly over the past 20 years. In BA, there was a transition from regular dosing to the tactics of a single drug – regularly and on demand, to the last recommendation – to apply as necessary at all stages of BA treatment. In COPD, this combination was a universal drug for the treatment of severe COPD with frequent exacerbations or in combination with BA, and now not only the severity and frequency of exacerbations, but also the level of blood eosinophilia is taken into account. The combination of budesonide / formoterol, which is important for practical health care, has become more accessible in recent years thanks to the advent of a domestic reconstituted drug with an original capsule powder inhaler. The drug went through comparative studies with the original drug both in clinical efficacy and in the properties of the delivered particles.
Visualization and high sensitivity detection of Fe3+ and Cu2+ based on glutathione functionalized gold nanoclusters
Authors: Wang Tielong , Li Li , Yang Qian , Song Weiming , Hou Yang , Duan Wei , Shi Xiaoliang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this paper, a glutathione functionalized gold nanocluster (GSH-AuNCs) was prepared. GSH-AuNCs can catalyze the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide to produce a blue-green ox-TMB. By using its peroxidase activity and the GSH-AuNCs-TMB-H2O2 system, the visualization of Fe3+ and Cu2+ and the high sensitivity detection of Fe3+ and Cu2+ can be realized according to the change of absorbance value and color of the system. The results showed that the sensitivity of the system to detect Fe3+ and Cu2+ in industrial wastewater reached 1.25 × 10−9 M and 1.25 × 10−10M, respectively. At the same time, the chelating agents NH4F and EDTA · 2Na were introduced to realize the selective detection of the two ions under the coexistence of Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions.
Oxidative Stress-Induced Brain Damage Triggered by Voluntary Ethanol Consumption during Adolescence: A Potential Target for Neuroprotection?
Authors: Buján Gustavo E. , Serra Hector A. , Molina Sonia J. , Guelman Laura R. 
Published: December 2019

:
Alcohol consumption, in particular ethanol (EtOH), typically begins in human adolescence, often in a
“binge like” manner. However, although EtOH abuse has a high prevalence at this stage, the effects of exposure
during adolescence have been less explored than prenatal or adult age exposure.

:
Several authors have reported that EtOH intake during specific periods of development might induce brain damage.
Although the mechanisms are poorly understood, it has been postulated that oxidative stress may play a role.
In fact, some of these studies revealed a decrease in brain antioxidant enzymes’ level and/or an increase in reactive
oxygen species (ROS) production. Nevertheless, although existing literature shows a number of studies in
which ROS were measured in developing animals, fewer reported the measurement of ROS levels after EtOH
exposure in adolescence. Importantly, neuroprotective agents aimed to these potential targets may be relevant
tools useful to reduce EtOH-induced neurodegeneration, restore cognitive function and improve treatment outcomes
for alcohol use disorders (AUDs).

:
The present paper reviews significant evidences about the mechanisms involved in EtOH-induced brain damage,
as well as the effect of different potential neuroprotectants that have shown to be able to prevent EtOH-induced
oxidative stress. A selective inhibitor of the endocannabinoid anandamide metabolism, a flavonol present in different
fruits (quercetin), an antibiotic with known neuroprotective properties (minocycline), a SOD/catalase mimetic,
a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecule (resveratrol), a powerful ROS scavenger (melatonin),
an isoquinoline alkaloid (berberine), are some of the therapeutic strategies that could have some clinical relevance
in the treatment of AUDs. As most of these works were performed in adult animal models and using EtOH-forced
paradigms, the finding of neuroprotective tools that could be effective in adolescent animal models of voluntary
EtOH intake should be encouraged.
Synbiotic Functional Malt Beverage Supplemented with Inulin and Probiotic Strains
Authors: Zakipour Nayereh , Nasiraie Leila R. , Mortazavian Amir M. , Khorshidian Nasim , Sohrabvandi Sara 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Cereal-based beverages can provide essential nutrients and phytochemicals
as well as being suitable carriers for probiotics. Prebiotic ingredients present in grains or incorporated
into beverages can improve the growth of probiotics leading to the emergence of functional synbiotic
beverages.

Objective:
This study aimed to produce a malt-based synbiotic beverage containing inulin as a prebiotic
and three strains of probiotics and evaluate its physiochemical and antioxidant properties during storage.

Methods:
A synbiotic malt beverage containing 2.25% inulin and 2.25% sucrose with three probiotic
strains including Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum was
produced and its chemical properties, antioxidant activity, total phenolic compounds and viability of
probiotics were determined during 28 days of storage.

Results:
The results showed that although the viability of probiotic bacteria in synbiotic malt beverage
was decreased during refrigerated storage, it remained above 107 cfu/mL. The lowest and the
highest viability was observed in the case of L. acidophilus and L. plantarum, respectively after 28
days of storage. pH, brix and total sugar decreased due to probiotic growth and activity. Ethanol concentration
increased, but was lower than 0.1% in all samples and thus the final product can be considered
as non-alcoholic. Moreover, the content of phenolic compounds was increased in samples
with probiotics due to the hydrolysis of glycosylic phenolic compounds and the generation of free
phenolic compounds. The samples containing L. casei presented the highest total phenolic content
followed by L. acidophilus and L. plantarum, respectively. Malt beverages containing L. casei
showed the highest antioxidant activity followed by samples with L. acidophilus and L. plantarum.

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that proper probiotic strains besides inulin as a prebiotic can be
used for the development of a functional synbiotic malt beverage with high phenolic content and antioxidant
activity.