bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organizational Factors Associated With Retention of Direct Care Workers: A Comparison of Nursing Homes and Assisted Living Facilities
Authors: Kennedy Katherine A , Applebaum Robert , Bowblis John R , Straker Jane K 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesLow retention of direct care workers (DCWs), either certified nursing assistants in nursing homes (NHs) or personal care assistants in assisted living (AL), continues to be an unresolved problem. While numerous studies have examined predictors of DCW retention in NHs, little attention has been paid to differences between settings of long-term care. This study compares the predictors of DCW retention rates across both settings.Research Design and MethodsThe 2017 Ohio Biennial Survey of Long-Term Care Facilities provides facility-level information from NHs and ALs (NHs = 739; ALs = 465). We compare the factors that predict retention rates of DCWs utilizing regression analysis. The factors are structural, financial, resident conditions, staffing, and management characteristics, as well as retention strategies.ResultsAverage DCW retention rates were 66% and 61% in ALs and NHs, respectively. Not-for-profit status was significantly associated with higher retention rates across settings. While the percent of residents with dementia and less administrator turnover were associated with significantly higher DCW retention in NHs, these were not significant for ALs. However, in the AL context, a higher county unemployment rate and DCWs’ participation in resident care planning meetings were positively related to DCW retention after controlling for all other covariates, while DCW cross-training was negatively associated.Discussion and ImplicationsRetention strategies for DCWs may need to differ by setting, as a result of differing working environments, resources, and regulations.
Learning about Politics from Mass Media and Social Media: Moderating Roles of Press Freedom and Public Service Broadcasting in 11 Countries
Authors: Park Chang Sup , Gil de Zúñiga Homero 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo examine whether mass media and social media relate to political knowledge, the study draws upon an original survey of adults from 11 countries, the 2014 CESifo DICE Report on public service broadcasting, and the 2015 Press Freedom Index by Freedom House. Findings reveal that news use via television, newspapers, online news sites, and social media is positively associated with political knowledge. Furthermore, press freedom and strong public broadcasting strengthen the association between news use (via both mass and social media) and political knowledge. The findings suggest that the media system plays a crucial role in creating a political learning environment even in this social media age.
Upregulation of circ_0000142 promotes multiple myeloma progression by adsorbing miR-610 and upregulating AKT3 expression
Authors: Liu Fang , Wang Yan-Li , Wei Jie-Mei , Huang Zhao-Dong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an important regulatory role in a variety of malignancies. Nevertheless, the role of circ_0000142 in multiple myeloma (MM) and its regulatory mechanism remains largely unknown. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was employed to detect the expressions of circ_0000142 and miR-610 in MM tissues and cell lines. The expression of AKT3 and apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax) in MM cells was detected by western blot. The correlation between the expression level of circ_0000142 and the clinicopathological parameters of MM patients was analysed. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were monitored by Cell Counting Kit 8 assay, flow cytometry analysis and Transwell assay, respectively. The dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were employed to verify the targeting relationship between circ_0000142 and miR-610. In this study, it was demonstrated that, circ_0000142 was highly expressed in MM patients, and its high expression level was significantly associated with increased International Staging System and Durie–Salmon stage. Overexpression of circ_0000142 enhanced MM cell proliferation, migration, invasion and suppressed cell apoptosis, while knocking down circ_0000142 had the opposite effects. Mechanistically, circ_0000142 functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA, directly targeting miR-610 and positively regulating AKT3 expression. In brief, circ_0000142 enhances the proliferation and metastasis of MM cells by modulating the miR-610/AKT3 axis.
Comparison of ameliorative effects ofTaraxacum syriacumand N-acetylcysteine against acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress in rat liver and kidney
Authors: Eshrati Reza , Jafari Mahvash , Gudarzi Saeed , Nazari Afshen , Samizadeh Esmaeil , Ghafourian Hesami Maria 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTaraxacum syriacum (TS) with natural antioxidant and pharmacological activities may be considered for treatment of oxidative stress induced by acetaminophen (APAP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the ameliorative effects of the ethanol extract of TS root against hepatorenal toxicity induced by APAP in comparison to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as a standard drug. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Control group; APAP (1 g/kg) group; APAP–NAC (160 mg/kg) group and APAP-TS100 and APAP-TS200 groups: APAP plus 100 and 200 mg/kg of TS extract, respectively. After 7 days treatment, serum and liver and kidney tissues were prepared and evaluated. TS extract ameliorated the increased lipid peroxidation level and decreased antioxidant enzymes activities and glutathione level in liver and kidney of APAP-treated rats. Moreover, treatment with the TS extract caused significant reduction in the histopathological damages and high levels of serum biochemical markers of hepatic and renal functions after APAP treatment. This study suggests that the extract of TS roots has dose-dependent ameliorative effect against APAP-induced oxidative damage in liver and kidney due to its free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. The overall efficacy of the extract at 200 mg/kg dose is comparable with NAC.
Effects of Carnosine, Ankaferd, and Silver Sulfadiazine on an Experimental Burn Model: Roles of Irisin and HSP70
Authors: Kocaman Nevin , Altun Serdar , Bal Ali , Ozcan Erhan Cahit , Sarac Mehmet , Artas Gokhan , Demir Betul , Aydin Suleyman , Kuloglu Tuncay 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this study, the effects of carnosine, ankaferd, and 1% silver sulfadiazine applied topically on second-degree burns were investigated and the roles of irisin and Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in this healing process were evaluated. Ninety male albino rats were used and divided into five groups. The groups were classified as control, burn, burn + carnosine (CAR), burn + ankaferd (ABS), and burn + silver sulfadiazine (SS). It was found that level of irisin increased in the first week and decreased in the second week in the burn and CAR groups. In the ABS and SS groups, the level of irisin was determined that started to increase in the first week and continued to increase in the second week. The level of HSP70 was found to increased in the first week in burn and CAR groups and decreased in the second week, but started to increase in the second week in ABS and SS groups. Both levels of irisin and HSP70 were observed to decreased in all treatment groups in the third week. In this study, it was shown that ankaferd and silver sülfadiazine treatments cause an increase in the irisin levels in the early period and a gradually increase in HSP70 levels in the later period in burns. The inflammatory response was observed to be limited in the early period in the ankaferd and sulfadiazin groups. It was concluded that these findings were effective in early wound healing in burns.
A Longitudinal Assessment of Parenting Stress in Parents of Children with New-Onset Epilepsy
Authors: Bakula Dana M , Wetter Sara E , Peugh James L , Modi Avani C 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective
Parents of children with newly diagnosed epilepsy may experience elevated parenting stress. The present study examined trajectories of parenting stress over time and identified modifiable predictors of these trajectories.

Methods
Parents of youth with epilepsy (N = 102; 2–12 years old) completed questionnaires 1, 4, 13, 19, and 25-months post-diagnosis, including measures of parenting stress, family functioning, child psychosocial functioning, sociodemographics, and perceived stigma. Latent growth curve models (LGCM) were used to examine domains of parenting stress over time.

Results
At baseline, 25–48% of parents reported elevated parenting stress. LGCMs revealed that the parent and child domains of parenting stress were generally stable across time. However, life stress was more variable across time, and parents with higher initial life stress had a greater reduction in life stress over time. Socioeconomic status was identified as a non-modifiable predictor of life stress. Family functioning was associated with greater parenting stress in the parent domain. Child psychosocial functioning was associated with greater parenting stress in the parent and child domains.

Conclusions
Parenting stress was elevated for a subset of families and appeared to be relatively stable over time, with the exception of life stress, which was more variable. With early screening, child factors and parent appraisals of epilepsy may be valuable targets for clinical intervention with families of children with epilepsy.
An evolutionary population structure model reveals pleiotropic effects ofGmPDATfor traits related to seed size and oil content in soybean
Authors: Liu Jin-Yang , Zhang Ya-Wen , Han Xu , Zuo Jian-Fang , Zhang Zhibin , Shang Haihong , Song Qijian , Zhang Yuan-Ming 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSeed oil traits in soybean that are of benefit to human nutrition and health have been selected for during crop domestication. However, these domesticated traits have significant differences across various evolutionary types. In this study, we found that the integration of evolutionary population structure (evolutionary types) with genome-wide association studies increased the power of gene detection, and it identified one locus for traits related to seed size and oil content on chromosome 13. This domestication locus, together with another one in a 200-kb region, was confirmed by the GEMMA and EMMAX software. The candidate gene, GmPDAT, had higher expressional levels in high-oil and large-seed accessions than in low-oil and small-seed accessions. Overexpression lines had increased seed size and oil content, whereas RNAi lines had decreased seed size and oil content. The molecular mechanism of GmPDAT was deduced based on results from linkage analysis for triacylglycerols and on histocytological comparisons of transgenic soybean seeds. Our results illustrate a new approach for identifying domestication genes with pleiotropic effects.
Trimester-Specific Reference Intervals of Serum Urea, Creatinine, and Uric Acid Among Healthy Pregnant Women in Zhengzhou, China
Authors: Gao Yuhua , Jia Jia , Liu Xianan , Guo Shuren , Ming Liang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective
To verify the differences in serum levels of urea, creatinine, and uric acid (UA) between pregnant and nonpregnant women and establish specific reference intervals of serum urea, creatinine, and UA for pregnant women, and thus help for the detection of kidney disease in pregnancy.

Methods
Based on the selection criteria, 1312 apparently healthy pregnant women and 1301 nonpregnant women were enrolled in this study. The levels of serum urea, creatinine, and UA were compared between the pregnant and nonpregnant women. The differences in the 3 indicators among different age groups and trimesters in pregnant women were studied. Finally, reference intervals were established by nonparametric methods according to the recommendation of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guideline C28-A3.

Results
Compared with nonpregnant women, pregnant women had a significantly lower level of serum urea, creatinine, and UA (all P &lt;.01), and no significant age-related differences in the 3 indicators were observed among the pregnant women (P &gt;.05). However, the levels of these indicators were significantly different among the 3 trimesters (all P &lt;.01 or P =.01). Accordingly, trimester-specific reference intervals of serum urea (1.6–4.4 mmol/L; 1.6–4.2 mmol/L; 1.6–4.4 mmol/L), creatinine (36–68 μmol/L; 34–66 μmol/L; 36–68 μmol/L), and UA (122–297 μmol/L; 129–327 μmol/L; 147–376 μmol/L) for trimesters 1, 2, and 3, respectively, were established.

Conclusion
These newly established reference intervals will be valuable for the detection and monitoring of kidney disease in pregnancy.
Migration and ‘pull factor’ traps
Authors: Garelli Glenda , Tazzioli Martina 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article engages with the centrality that the push–pull theory regained in the context of border deaths in the Mediterranean Sea and particularly as part of the debate against the criminalization of nongovernment organizations (NGOs’) rescue missions at sea. The article opens by illustrating the context in which the push–pull theory re-emerged—after having been part of migration studies’ history books for over a decade—as part of an effort to defend non-state actors engaged in rescue missions in the Mediterranean Sea against an aggressive campaign of illegalilzation conducted by European states. We then take a step back to trace the history of the push–pull theory and its role as a foil for critical migration studies in the past 20 years. Building on this history, the article then turns to interrogating the epistemic and political outcomes that result from bringing evidence against the NGOs’ role as pull factors for migrants. The article closes by advocating for a transformative, rather than evidencing, role of critical knowledge in the current political context where migrants and actors who fight against border deaths are increasingly criminalized.
A novel approach to visibility-space modelling of interferometric gravitational lens observations at high angular resolution
Authors: Powell Devon , Vegetti Simona , McKean John P , Spingola Cristiana , Rizzo Francesca , Stacey Hannah R 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
We present a new gravitational lens modelling technique designed to model high-resolution interferometric observations with large numbers of visibilities without the need to pre-average the data in time or frequency. We demonstrate the accuracy of the method using validation tests on mock observations. Using small data sets with ∼103 visibilities, we first compare our approach with the more traditional direct Fourier transform (DFT) implementation and direct linear solver. Our tests indicate that our source inversion is indistinguishable from that of the DFT. Our method also infers lens parameters to within 1 to 2 per cent of both the ground truth and DFT, given sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). When the SNR is as low as 5, both approaches lead to errors of several tens of per cent in the lens parameters and a severely disrupted source structure, indicating that this is related to the SNR and choice of priors rather than the modelling technique itself. We then analyse a large data set with ∼108 visibilities and a SNR matching real global Very Long Baseline Interferometry observations of the gravitational lens system MG J0751+2716. The size of the data is such that it cannot be modelled with traditional implementations. Using our novel technique, we find that we can infer the lens parameters and the source brightness distribution, respectively, with an RMS error of 0.25 and 0.97 per cent relative to the ground truth.
Dioecy Is Associated with High Genetic Diversity and Adaptation Rates in the Plant GenusSilene
Authors: Muyle Aline , Martin Hélène , Zemp Niklaus , Mollion Maéva , Gallina Sophie , Tavares Raquel , Silva Alexandre , Bataillon Thomas , Widmer Alex , Glémin Sylvain , Touzet Pascal , Marais Gabriel A B 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAbout 15,000 angiosperm species (∼6%) have separate sexes, a phenomenon known as dioecy. Why dioecious taxa are so rare is still an open question. Early work reported lower species richness in dioecious compared with nondioecious sister clades, raising the hypothesis that dioecy may be an evolutionary dead-end. This hypothesis has been recently challenged by macroevolutionary analyses that detected no or even positive effect of dioecy on diversification. However, the possible genetic consequences of dioecy at the population level, which could drive the long-term fate of dioecious lineages, have not been tested so far. Here, we used a population genomics approach in the Silene genus to look for possible effects of dioecy, especially for potential evidence of evolutionary handicaps of dioecy underlying the dead-end hypothesis. We collected individual-based RNA-seq data from several populations in 13 closely related species with different sexual systems: seven dioecious, three hermaphroditic, and three gynodioecious species. We show that dioecy is associated with increased genetic diversity, as well as higher selection efficacy both against deleterious mutations and for beneficial mutations. The results hold after controlling for phylogenetic inertia, differences in species census population sizes and geographic ranges. We conclude that dioecious Silene species neither show signs of increased mutational load nor genetic evidence for extinction risk. We discuss these observations in the light of the possible demographic differences between dioecious and self-compatible hermaphroditic species and how this could be related to alternatives to the dead-end hypothesis to explain the rarity of dioecy.
Short-term in vitro glutamine restriction differentially impacts the chromosomal stability of transformed and non-transformed cells
Authors: Yan Ling , Zhao Ziru , Wang Xiaoran , Lyu Ting , Li Jianfei , Qi Yanmei , Wang Xu , Guo Xihan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Glutamine (Gln) is a non-essential amino acid central for generating building blocks and cellular energy in tumours and rapidly proliferating non-transformed cells. However, the influence of Gln on regulating chromosomal stability of transformed and non-transformed cells remain poorly understand. We hypothesised that Gln is required for maintaining a homeostatic level of chromosomal stability. To this end, transformed cells HeLa and A375 and non-transformed cells NCM460 and HUVEC cells were intervened with varying concentrations of Gln (10, 1, 0.1 and 0.01 mM), with or without cisplatin (0.1 µg/ml), for 24 h. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus (MN) assay was used to determine chromosomal instability (CIN), the extent of which is reflected by the frequency of MN, nucleoplasmic bridge (NPB) and nuclear bud (NB). We demonstrated an unexpected decrease in the spontaneous rate of MN, but not NPB and NB, after Gln restriction in HeLa and A375 cells. Gln restriction reduced cisplatin-induced MN, but not NPB and NB, in HeLa and A375 cells. We further revealed that Gln restriction suppressed the proliferation of HeLa cells with high CIN induced by nocodazole, partially explaining why Gln restriction decreased the frequency of spontaneous and cisplatin-induced MN in transformed cells. In contrast, Gln restriction increased MN and NB, but not NPB, in NCM460 cells. In HUVEC cells, Gln restriction increased MN, NPB and NB. Meanwhile, Gln restriction sensitised NCM460 cells to cisplatin-induced genotoxicity. A similar but more pronounced pattern was observed in HUVEC cells. Collectively, these results suggest that the in vitro influences of Gln metabolism on CIN depend on cellular contexts: Transformed cells require high Gln to fine tune their CIN in an optimal rate to maximise genomic heterogeneity and fitness, whereas non-transformed cells need high Gln to prevent CIN.
An H3K4me3 reader, BAP18 as an adaptor of COMPASS-like core subunits co-activates ERα action and associates with the sensitivity of antiestrogen in breast cancer
Authors: Sun Ge , Wang Chunyu , Wang Shengli , Sun Hongmiao , Zeng Kai , Zou Renlong , Lin Lin , Liu Wei , Sun Ning , Song Huijuan , Liu Wensu , Zhou Tingting , Jin Feng , Shan Zhongyan , Zhao Yue 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) signaling pathway is essential for ERα-positive breast cancer progression and endocrine therapy resistance. Bromodomain PHD Finger Transcription Factor (BPTF) associated protein of 18kDa (BAP18) has been recognized as a crucial H3K4me3 reader. However, the whole genomic occupation of BAP18 and its biological function in breast cancer is still elusive. Here, we found that higher expression of BAP18 in ERα-positive breast cancer is positively correlated with poor prognosis. ChIP-seq analysis further demonstrated that the half estrogen response elements (EREs) and the CCCTC binding factor (CTCF) binding sites are the significant enrichment sites found in estrogen-induced BAP18 binding sites. Also, we provide the evidence to demonstrate that BAP18 as a novel co-activator of ERα is required for the recruitment of COMPASS-like core subunits to the cis-regulatory element of ERα target genes in breast cancer cells. BAP18 is recruited to the promoter regions of estrogen-induced genes, accompanied with the enrichment of the lysine 4-trimethylated histone H3 tail (H3K4me3) in the presence of E2. Furthermore, BAP18 promotes cell growth and associates the sensitivity of antiestrogen in ERα-positive breast cancer. Our data suggest that BAP18 facilitates the association between ERα and COMPASS-like core subunits, which might be an essential epigenetic therapeutic target for breast cancer.