bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Termination of Cardiac Rehabilitation Is More Common With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction Than With Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Bostrom John , Searcy Ryan , Walia Ahana , Rzucidlo Justyna , Banco Darcy , Quien Mary , Sweeney Greg , Pierre Alicia , Tang Ying , Mola Ana , Xia Yuhe , Whiteson Jonathan , Dodson John A. 
Published: February 2020

Purpose:
Despite known benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), early termination (failure to complete >1 mo of CR) attenuates these benefits. We analyzed whether early termination varied by referral indication in the context of recent growth in patients referred for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

Methods:
We reviewed records from 1111 consecutive patients enrolled in the NYU Langone Health Rusk CR program (2013-2017). Sessions attended, demographics, and comorbidities were abstracted, as well as primary referral indication: HFrEF or ischemic heart disease (IHD; including post-coronary revascularization, post-acute myocardial infarction, or chronic stable angina). We compared rates of early termination between HFrEF and IHD, and used multivariable logistic regression to determine whether differences persisted after adjusting for relevant characteristics (age, race, ethnicity, body mass index, smoking, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and depression).

Results:
Mean patient age was 64 yr, 31% were female, and 28% were nonwhite. Most referrals (85%) were for IHD; 15% were for HFrEF. Early termination occurred in 206 patients (18%) and was more common in HFrEF (26%) than in IHD (17%) (P < .01). After multivariable adjustment, patients with HFrEF remained at higher risk of early termination than patients with IHD (unadjusted OR = 1.73, 95% CI, 1.17-2.54; adjusted OR = 1.53, 95% CI, 1.01-2.31).

Conclusions:
Nearly 1 in 5 patients in our program terminated CR within 1 mo, with HFrEF patients at higher risk than IHD patients. While broad efforts at preventing early termination are warranted, particular attention may be required in patients with HFrEF.
Antihypertensive polytherapy in Australia: prevalence of inappropriate combinations, 2013–2018
Authors: Falster Michael O. , Buckley Nicholas A. , Brieger David , Pearson Sallie-Anne 
Published: February 2020

Objectives:
To estimate the prevalence of inappropriate antihypertensive polytherapy in Australia.

Methods:
We used a nationally representative 10% sample of Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) eligible Australians and their dispensing history to identify people aged 18+ years exposed to at least one PBS-listed antihypertensive between 2012 and 2018. We measured prevalence of antihypertensive polypharmacy (≥40 days concomitant exposure), inappropriate antihypertensive combinations (against guideline recommendations; within-class polytherapy) and combinations to be used with caution.

Results:
Almost half (47.5%) of people using antihypertensives in 2018 experienced polytherapy. Among these, 2.4% had an inappropriate combination (1.5% against guidelines; 1.0% within-class polytherapy). Inappropriate combinations were more prevalent in people experiencing polytherapy with three (3.7%) or four (16.1%) antihypertensive medicines than people on dual therapy (0.7%). Inappropriate combinations occurred at a lower rate in people using fixed-dose rather than free-drug combinations for dual therapy (0 vs. 0.7%) and in those using three antihypertensives (2.4 vs. 7.3%); this was not the case for people using four or more antihypertensives (15.5 vs. 16.1%). Between 2013 and 2018, the prevalence of antihypertensive polytherapy was relatively stable (49–47%); however, the prevalence of inappropriate combinations among these patients halved (from 5.1 to 2.4%).

Conclusion:
Antihypertensive polytherapy in Australia is common, but the prevalence of inappropriate combinations is low and decreasing over time, suggesting strong awareness of Australian clinical guidelines. However, in 2018, approximately 49 000 Australian adults experienced inappropriate polytherapy; prescribing of fixed-dose combinations in patients on dual or triple therapy may further reduce this inappropriate care, although increased vigilance treating patients with more than 3 antihypertensives is required.
PURTSCHER-LIKE RETINOPATHY AND PARACENTRAL ACUTE MIDDLE MACULOPATHY CAUSED BY INDUSTRIAL SILICONE EMBOLISM
Authors: de Oliveira Bruno Mauricio Rodrigues , Moraes de Souza Leonardo , Andrade Gabriel Costa , Lobos Claudio Zett , Cunha de Souza Eduardo , Bueno de Moraes Nilva Simeren 
Published: February 2020

Purpose:
This article describes a rare occurrence of acute vision loss in a healthy young patient after a cosmetic procedure.

Methods:
Findings on clinical examination, color fundus photography, and swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography.

Results:
A previously healthy 26-year-old male-to-female transsexual presented with dyspnea, fever, and hypoxemia 1 day after cosmetic injection of industrial silicone for buttock augmentation. The patient reported decreased vision on the right eye 4 days later and decreased vision on the left eye 5 days later. Fundus examination revealed bilateral retinal precapillary occlusion, demonstrating intraretinal hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, and Purtscher flecks within the posterior pole of both eyes. Optical coherence tomography angiography revealed capillary ischemia and an enlarged foveal avascular zone.

Conclusion:
Swept-source optical coherence tomography is a valuable tool for evaluation of Purtscher-like retinopathy and paracentral acute middle maculopathy.
Genomic Characterization of TBK1 Duplication in Korean Normal-tension Glaucoma Patients
Authors: Kim Man Jin , Kim Yong Woo , Jeoung Jin Wook , Seong Moon-Woo , Lee Jee-Soo , Kim Dong Myung , Ahn Joo Hyun , Song Ji Yun , Cho Sung Im , Park Sung Sup , Kim Ji Yeon 
Published: February 2020

Précis:
One (0.2%) of 418 Korean normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients had TBK1 duplication. The putative mechanism of TBK1 duplication in Korean NTG patients is the nonhomologous end-joining.

Purpose:

TBK1 duplication is a genomic cause of familial NTG. NTG accounts for up to 90% of primary open-angle glaucoma in Koreans, with genetic tendency. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of TBK1 duplication in Korean NTG patients and to identify their genomic structure and duplication mechanism.

Materials and Methods:
We obtained DNA samples from 418 NTG patients and 195 healthy controls for evaluating TBK1 copy number variations using a semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The samples with TBK1 gene duplication were further confirmed using droplet digital PCR. The whole-genome sequencing of patient samples with duplications was performed to identify the accurate breakpoints and to elucidate the genomic structure. Ophthalmic evaluation and confirmation of TBK1 duplication using junction PCR were performed in families of positive patients.

Results:

TBK1 duplication was found in 1 of 418 NTG cases (0.2%). The duplication range was from g.64,803,151 to g.64,927,214 (124,063 bp). It is the smallest region of overlapping duplication in TBK1. Any repetitive sequences were not found near the breakpoints of our case. Inserted sequences were found within the breakpoints. A brother and a niece of the positive case appeared the typical clinical features of NTG and shared the same TBK1 duplications with the index case.

Conclusions:
In Korea, the prevalence of TBK1 duplication was 0.2% and the smallest reported TBK1 duplication associated with NTG was found. The mechanism of TBK1 duplication was suggested to be nonhomologous end-joining while a previous report pointed out the mechanism of TBK1 duplications as nonallelic homologous recombination.
Neonatal and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Following Linezolid for Coagulase-negative Staphylococcal Infection
Authors: Sicard Mélanie , Moussa Ahmed , Barrington Keith , Martin Brigitte , Luu Thuy Mai , Ting Joseph Y. , Roberts Ashley , Paquette Vanessa , Shah Prakesh S. , Kelly Edmond , Autmizguine Julie 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) frequently causes late-onset sepsis in preterm infants. Vancomycin is the first-line therapy, but the emergence of reduced vancomycin-susceptibility strains has resulted in linezolid use, of which long-term safety in preterm infants is unknown.

Objective:
Evaluate the association between linezolid exposure and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) or death at 18–21 months of corrected age, in preterm infants with CoNS sepsis.

Methods:
Multicentric retrospective cohort study comparing long-term outcomes of preterm infants exposed to linezolid versus other antistaphylococcal antimicrobials. We included infants ≤28 weeks’ gestational age (GA), with CoNS sepsis, admitted between January 2011 and June 2015 in 3 level-3 Canadian NICUs. Primary outcome was a composite of death or significant NDI (sNDI) at 18–21 months of corrected age. Secondary outcomes included NDI and individual components of the primary outcome. We assessed the relationship between linezolid exposure and outcomes using a multivariable logistic regression.

Results:
Of 274 infants included, 67 (24.4%) were exposed to linezolid. Median GA was 26 weeks and clinical characteristics were similar between groups. There was no difference in composite outcome of death or sNDI among the infants of both groups, but significantly more death by 18–21 months in the linezolid group (29.9% vs. 17.6%; P = 0.01).

Conclusions:
Linezolid exposure was not associated with composite outcome of death or sNDI at 18–21 months. The association between linezolid and death may be due to indication bias. Further studies are warranted.
RGS5 rs4657251 polymorphism is associated with small vessel occlusion stroke in Taiwan Han Chinese
Authors: Hsu Li-Chi , Hsu Li-Sung , Lee Tsong-Hai 
Published: February 2020

Background:
The regulator of G-protein signaling protein 5 (RGS5) has been demonstrated to play a role in regulating blood pressure and cardiovascular function. Studies have shown that RGS5 polymorphisms exhibit susceptibility to hypertension. However, no study has yet been performed among stroke patients.

Methods:
To evaluate whether RGS5 rs4657251 is a susceptibility gene for stroke, we performed a case-control association study involving 714 large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) patients, 383 small vessel occlusion (SVO) patients, 401 hypertensive intracranial hemorrhages (HICH), and 626 controls. The RGS5 rs4657251 polymorphism was analyzed through polymerase chain reaction.

Results:
The TC genotype was significantly higher in the SVO group compared with that in the control group (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02-1.76, p = 0.035). In addition, the dominant phenotype (TC + CC vs TT) was also significantly different between the SVO and the control groups (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.01-1.70, p = 0.046). However, no association was found between RGS5 rs4657251 and LAA an HICH. After adjustment with gender, diabetes, smoking, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels, RGS5 rs4657251 polymorphism remained an independent risk factor for SVO (OR = 1.49; 95% CI = 1.12-1.98) but not for LAA or HICH.

Conclusion:
Our findings, obtained among Taiwan Han Chinese subjects, provide the first evidence that RGS5 rs4657251 polymorphism is an independent risk factor for SVO.
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Cardiovascular Management Self-efficacy Scale
Authors: Rajati Fatemeh , Sharifiebad Tahereh , Tavakol Kamran , Almasi Afshin , Karami Sahar , Jamshidi Hanieh Sadat , Pashaei Tahereh , Greco Andrea , Steca Patrizia 
Published: February 2020

Background
Self-efficacy plays a major role in the management of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The original Cardiovascular Management Self-efficacy Scale (CMSS) was developed in 2016 in Italian patients with CVD; however, no such scale exists for Iranian patients with CVD.

Objective
We translated the CMSS into Persian and assessed its validity, reliability, and psychometric properties in Iranian patients with CVD.

Methods
This study was conducted for 4 months in 2017 on a group of consenting patients with CVD (N = 363) recruited from a cardiovascular hospital in Kermanshah, Iran. The reliability of the Persian CMSS was evaluated. We assessed validity, including face, content, construct, convergent, divergent, and discriminate validity, using the General Self-efficacy Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey Scale. Known-group validity was assessed among patients with high blood pressure.

Results
The Persian CMSS had acceptable face and content validity. No floor or ceiling effects were found for the total scale. Cronbach α was calculated as .68. Test-retest reliability was confirmed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC1,3 = 0.98, P < .001). Using exploratory factor analysis, 3 subscales were identified, similar to the original version. Significant correlations were found between the Persian CMSS and both the General Self-efficacy Scale (r = 0.94, P < .001) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (r = −0.35, P < .05). Self-efficacy measured using the Persian CMSS was statistically different between 2 levels of patients' health status (P < .05). Patients with hypertension had a lower level of self-efficacy than those in the healthy group (P < .05).

Conclusions
The Persian version of CMSS provides a practical, reliable, and valid scale for evaluating self-efficacy in the clinical management of Persian Iranian patients with CVD.
Cardiovascular Risk Factor Knowledge and Behaviors Among Low-Income Urban Women in Mysore, India
Authors: Krupp Karl , Wilcox Meredith L. , Srinivas Arun , Srinivas Vijaya , Madhivanan Purnima , Bastida Elena 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death among women globally. Cardiovascular disease–related events are more common in older women compared with men and are more likely to result in death. Although research in high-income countries suggests that women have unique sociobiological CVD risk factors, only a few study authors have examined risk factor knowledge among women from low- and middle-income countries.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess CVD risk factor knowledge among low-income urban Indian women.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among a nonprobability sample of 607 slum-dwelling women, 40 to 64 years old, living in Mysore, India, between October 2017 and May 2018. Participants underwent an interviewer-administered questionnaire measuring demographics, CVD risk factor knowledge, and medical history.ResultsCardiovascular disease risk factor knowledge was low in this population and was associated with age, education, income, and caste. Approximately half of the participants (47%) answered less than 50% of the questions correctly, and a third had knowledge scores greater than 70%, which we defined as “good knowledge.” Only 4 of 7 traditional CVD risk factors (ie, physical activity, smoking, overweight, and high cholesterol) were recognized by greater than half of the participants. The lowest knowledge levels were among older single women with no education and monthly household incomes less than Rs 3000 (approximately US $42).ConclusionsPrevious research among slum dwellers in India reported a high prevalence of modifiable CVD risk factors compared with more affluent urban peers. Interventions aimed at CVD risk factor knowledge may be an important first step in controlling heart disease in this vulnerable population.
Substantial tumor regression in prostate cancer patient with extensive skeletal metastases upon Immunotherapy (APCEDEN)
Authors: Sharan Bandana , Chiliveru Srikanth , Bagga Jasmine , Kohli Sakshi , Bharadwaj Asmi , Vaid Ashok K. , Kumar Chaitanya 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Prostate cancer along with colorectal and lung cancers accounts for 42% of cancer cases in men globally. It is the first cancer indication for which the use of active immunotherapy, Sipuleucel-T (Provenge) was granted by the FDA in 2010. This study presents a case of prostate carcinoma and the tumour remission observed after administration of a personalised Dendritic cell vaccine (APCEDEN).

Patient concerns:
A 58 years old Caucasian male diagnosed with prostate carcinoma with GLEASON score 8. The patient had previously been diagnosed with Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) in 1996 and had undergone nephrectomy of the right kidney. PET CT scan revealed multiple intensely PSMA avid lesions noted in both lobes of the prostate gland with SUVmax −28.3 and the prostate gland measuring 3.2 × 3.2 cm displaying maximum dimensions.

Diagnosis:
FNAC followed by PETCT confirmed CA Prostate and further supported by increased serum PSA level.

Interventions:
The patient underwent personalised Dendritic Cell Immunotherapy APCEDEN regimen of six doses biweekly, in a time frame of 3 months were given both via intravenous and intradermal route. Six months post completion of APCEDEN, the patient was administered 6 booster shots for 6 months.

Outcomes:
Progressive remission of carcinoma was observed along with reduction in PSA and Testosterone levels. PET CT showed decline in PSMA avidity by 50% with SUVmax −14.0 and normal size and shape of prostate gland.

Lessons:
Prostate carcinoma is the second most common cancer in men with majority of them exhibiting locally advanced disease. Apparently 20% to 30% of them are categorized as relapsed cases after various therapeutic interventions. Modulating immune system is an emerging therapy termed as Immunotherapy and potentiates the killing cancer cells via immune activation. Interestingly, prostate cancer is slow growing and it provides the scope and time to mount an anti-tumor response which makes it an attractive target for immunotherapy. This case study demonstrates the efficacy of APCEDEN Immunotherapy regimen resulting in a significant disease remission benefiting the patient.
Significant association of SYNTAX score on release of cardiac biomarkers in uncomplicated post-revascularization procedures among patients with stable multivessel disease
Authors: de Azevedo Diogo Freitas Cardoso , Hueb Whady , Lima Eduardo Gomes , Rezende Paulo Cury , Linhares Filho Jaime Paula Pessoa , de Carvalho Guilherme Fernandes , Martins Eduardo Bello , Nomura Cesar Higa , Strunz Celia Maria Cassaro , Serrano Junior Carlos Vicente , Ramires Jose Antonio Franchini , Kalil Filho Roberto 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between angiographic complexities of coronary artery disease (CAD) assessed by SYNTAX Score synergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with taxus and cardiac surgery score (SYNTAX Score) and cardiac biomarker elevation after revascularization procedures.
This is a post-hoc analysis of the medicine, angioplasty or surgery study V study of patients with stable CAD. High-sensitivity troponin 1 (hs-TnI) and creatinine kinase-muscle/brain (CK-MB) were assessed before and after cardiovascular procedures. Baselines SYNTAX Scores (SXScores) were calculated by blinded investigators to patient characteristics.
Of the 202 patients studied, the mean SXScore was 21.25 ± 9.24; 40.10 ± 7.09 in the high SXScore group and 19.06 ± 6.61 in low/mid SXscore group (P < .0001). Positive correlations existed between SXScore and median peaks after procedural hs-TnI (r = 0.18, P = .009) and CK-MB (r = 0.24, P = .001) levels. In patients with high SXScores (≥33), the median peaks of post-procedural hs-TnI (P = .034)and CK-MB (P = .004) levels were higher than in low/mid SXScore group (<33).The release of hs-TnI at 6 (P = .002), 12 (P = .008), and 24 hours (P = .039) was higher in high SXScore group than in low/mid SXscore group (<33) as was the release of CK-MB at 6 (P < .0001), 12 (P < .0001), 24 (P = .001), 36 (P = .007), 48 (P = .008), and 72 hours (P = .023). After multivariable analysis, high SXScore was a significant independent predictor of release of CK-MB and hs-TnI peaks higher than the median.
The increase in release of cardiac biomarkers was significantly associated with the extent of atherosclerosis identified by the SYNTAX Score.
Wide resection of soft tissue sarcomas after unplanned primary procedures
Authors: Kang Jian , Xu Ming , Wang Bing , Yu Xiuchun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Unplanned resection of soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) predispose the patients to recurrences and metastases, secondary wide resection is usually warranted.
To investigate the outcomes of re-excision of STS after unplanned initial resection.
The records of 39 patients undergoing re-excision of STS after unplanned initial resection from January 2006 through December 2015 were retrospectively investigated.
There were 17 males and 22 females, the mean age was 45.7 years. Most initial unplanned resections were performed in rural hospitals by surgeons from general surgery department, dermatology department, plastic surgery department, and orthopedic department. Thirty-five patients underwent secondary wide resections in our department. Histopathological findings indicated positive margins after primary surgeries in 18 patients. Until the conclusion of 37.2-month follow-up, 7 patients developed metastasis, 3 had local recurrence, and 7 were dead. Positive margins were associated with increased metastases and lower survival rates (P < .05). There was no significant difference in recurrences between the 2 groups.
Unplanned initial resection of STS often lead to unfavorable prognosis. Primary wide resections are warranted for this disease entity.
Effect of sustained inflations and intermittent positive pressure ventilation on bronchopulmonary dysplasia or death among neonatal
Authors: Guo Yue , Jiang Yan , Tang Hanbo , Fan Wenjuan , Ai Chenchen , Liu Ping 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background:
Sustained Inflations (SI) and Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation (IPPV) are two interventions to prevent Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The aim of this study is to assess the effect of these two interventions.

Methods:
The databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) will be comprehensively searched from inception to September 2019. All RCTs and quasi-RCTs which compare the efficacy of SI vs IPPV among preterm infants are eligible. We will assess the methodological quality using the Cochrane Handbook version 5.1.0. A meta-analysis will be performed using RevMan 5.3 software and the results will be presented using risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Conclusions:
This study will provide strong evidence for assessing the effect of SI and IPPV on BPD or death among preterm infants.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42019135816.