bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thyroid‐stimulating hormone receptor antibodies during follow‐up as remission markers in childhood‐onset Graves' disease treated with antithyroid drugs
Authors: Wang Shuo‐Yu , Wang Chia‐Ti , Tien Kai‐Jen , Chang Chao‐Chun , Liu Ting‐Hsiu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGraves' disease is uncommon in children. The remission rate after antithyroid drugs (ATD) therapy is lower than in adults. We evaluated the clinical course of ATD therapy in children with Graves' disease in southern Taiwan to determine whether their biochemical markers could be used to predict remission in these patients. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 53 children diagnosed with Graves' disease between 2009 and 2019. Clinical and biochemical parameters were analyzed for predictors of remission. About three‐fourths of the patients were female. Their median age at diagnosis was 13 years. No sex differences were found in most clinical characteristics. There was no correlation between thyroid‐stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb) levels at diagnosis and thyroid function or adverse reactions to ATD. Relapse occurred in 62% of patients after discontinuation of first‐course ATD therapy. Three variables—good initial response to ATD, a decrease in TRAb levels during the first year after diagnosis, and a decrease in TRAb levels during the second year after diagnosis—were significant predictors of remission for more than 18 months. In conclusion, children with Graves' disease who had early ATD‐controlled Graves' disease and decreased TRAb levels during the first 2 years are likely to enter remission for more than 18 months.
Passive and active ecological restoration strategies for abandoned farmland leads to shifts in potential soil nitrogen loss by denitrification and soil denitrifying microbes
Authors: Wang Honglei , Shu Duntao , Liu Dong , Liu Shuang , Deng Na , An Shaoshan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEcological restorations of abandoned farmland have been performed in degraded ecosystems with the goal of increasing ecosystem sustainability. The environmental benefits of ecological restoration can at least be partially neutralized by enhanced nitrogen (N) loss and potential nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions via denitrification. However, few studies have focussed on comparative analysis of the contributions of ecological restoration strategies to soil denitrifying microbes, particularly in arid and semiarid degraded ecosystems, where N is often the limiting nutrient. In this study, artificial afforestation (artificial forest sites) and natural revegetation (grassland sites) of abandoned farmland have an enhanced effect on reducing potential denitrification rates (PDR) compared with farmland sites and orchard sites, leading to lower N losses and potential N2O emissions. Combined analyses indicated that the greatest differences in microbial abundance, species richness, and diversity were observed among different ecological restoration strategies. The abundance, richness, and diversities of denitrifying microbes (nirS, nirK, and nosZ genes) were decreased by natural revegetation and artificial afforestation, leading to attenuated denitrifying activity responsible for the reduced PDR. Notably, the abundance and diversity of denitrifying microbes were dominant variables that explained the changes in PDR (up to 0.96). Overall, our results contribute to a better understanding of the feedback of denitrifying microorganisms to ecological restoration strategies and how these microorganisms collaboratively contribute to N loss and potential N2O emissions in arid and semiarid degraded ecosystems.
Counter Electrode in Polymer‐Electrolyte‐Based DSSC: Platinum Versus Electrodeposited MnO2
Authors: Kakroo Sunanda , Suran Karan , Bhattachary Bhaskar 
Published: December 2019

AbstractManganese oxide have been successfully electrodeposited on fluorine‐doped tin oxide glass electrodes via a facile, green, and energy‐efficient electrodeposition technique, which is used as counter electrode in a dye‐sensitized solar cell using polyethylene‐oxide‐based solid polymer electrolyte. X‐ray diffraction, energy dispersive X‐ray, and scanning electron microscopy are used to study the structure, elemental composition, and surface morphology of the electrodeposited electrode. The electrochemical performance of the electrode is studied by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Performance of the cells is investigated by photocurrent–voltage characteristics using an input power (Pin) of 100 mW cm−2. The short‐circuit current density (Jsc) is 0.22 mA cm−2, open‐circuit voltage (Voc) is 0.76 V, fill factor (FF) is 0.5, and power conversion efficiency (η) is 0.08%. Further, a comparison with the conventional platinum (Pt) counter electrode is made and presented in this paper.
Magnesium Perchlorate Mixed and Glutaraldehyde Crosslinked Potato Starch: An Economical and Flexible Electrolyte Membrane
Authors: Yadav Madhavi , Verma Akanksha , Nautiyal Gayatri , Srivastava Neelam 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEnvironment friendly polymer electrolyte systems are the most sought over option for cheap energy efficient storage devices. The present paper discusses the results of potato starch + Mg(ClO4)2 system which satisfy the technical and economical criteria to become a potential candidate for future electrolyte systems. The developed system has high ionic conductivity (≈2.01 × 10−2 S cm−1), low relaxation time (55 µs), and wide electrochemical stability window (≈3 V). The phase angle approaches −78˚ and maintains its value for 10 Hz to 1 kHz frequency range. The prepared electrolyte system, being free standing, flexible, and having the ability of being bended and twisted, is the suitable candidate for flexible electrochemical device fabrication. The equivalent series resistance is quite low (3.6 Ω) and high self‐resonance frequency ≈0.1 MHz, below which energy can be efficiently stored. Hence, the present study reports an economical, easy to handle, and environment friendly electrolyte system suitable for flexible electrochemical device fabrication.
Exploration of Superacidic Properties of HMnFn (n = 1–6) Using Density Functional Theory
Authors: Kargeti Ankit , Sharma Gulshan , Rasheed Tabish 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSuperacids play a key role as catalysts in various processes, such as acylation, esterification, and protonation of diverse chemical compounds. In the present investigation, HMnFn (n = 1–6) superacid series are studied within the quantum chemical framework using density functional theory with the B3LYP functional. The new superacid series is created through protonation of MnFn superhalogen complexes. Various molecular geometries, for example, HMnF, HMnF2, HMnF3, HMnF4, HMnF5, and HMnF6, are optimized to their respective global energy minimum and molecular properties are analyzed. First, the normal mode frequencies are analyzed in order to verify that the geometries are associated with their respective global minimum. Second, the Gibbs free energy of deprotonation ΔGacid is computed to estimate acidity of the molecules in gas phase. A compound is classified as a superacid if ΔGacid value is below 300 kcal mol−1. The HMnFn superacid series is found to have ΔGacid values well below this threshold of 300 kcal mol−1 and strength is comparable with fluoroantimonic acid (HSbF6), which is the strongest superacid known having ΔGacid value of 255.5 kcal mol−1.
On the bounded and stabilizing solution of a generalized Riccati differential equation arising in connection with a zero‐sum linear quadratic stochastic differential game
Authors: Dragan V. , Aberkane S. , Morozan T. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryWe study a class of coupled nonlinear matrix differential equations arising in connection with the solution of a zero‐sum two‐player linear quadratic (LQ) differential game for a dynamical system modeled by an Itô differential equation subject to random switching of its coefficients. The system of differential equations under consideration contains as special cases the game‐theoretic Riccati differential equations arising in the solution of the H∞ control problem from the deterministic and stochastic cases. A set of sufficient conditions that guarantee the existence of the bounded and stabilizing solution of this kind of Riccati differential equations is provided. We show how such stabilizing solution is involved in the construction of the equilibrium strategy of a zero‐sum LQ stochastic differential game on an infinite‐time horizon and give as a byproduct the solution of such a control problem.
Experimental parametric study of flow‐induced fiber washout during high‐injection‐pressure resin transfer molding
Authors: Bodaghi Masoud , Simacek Pavel , Correia Nuno , Advani Suresh G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFiber washout during high‐injection‐pressure resin transfer molding (HIPRTM) is an unwanted emergent defect. This article addresses the mechanisms that cause fiber washout during manufacturing of composite parts by HIPRTM. The key focus of this work is on one‐dimensional flow experiments using HIPRTM process in which in‐plane drag force due to high resin pressures is responsible for the fiber washout. An experimental parametric study is conducted to investigate the influence of the fabric architecture, number of plies, and injection pressure to identify controllable process and material factors to prevent fiber washout. The results show that as the ratio of tangential force between the mold/ply and the drag force increases, one would expect fiber washout to occur and either cause fiber waviness or form wrinkles and dry spots. The fiber washout distances measured from the experiments were used to validate the model developed in our previous work. The numerical simulations by LIMS qualitatively agreed with the experimentally measured behavior. It is concluded that the formation of dry spot is due to the contribution of two main factors: (a) very significant permeability reduction in the wrinkled region and (b) some race‐tracking.
Long‐term opioid therapy definitions and predictors: A systematic review
Authors: Karmali Ruchir N. , Bush Christopher , Raman Sudha R. , Campbell Cynthia I. , Skinner Asheley C. , Roberts Andrew W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeThis review sought to (a) describe definitions of long‐term opioid therapy (LTOT) outcome measures, and (b) identify the predictors associated with the transition from short‐term opioid use to LTOT for opioid‐naïve individuals.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of the peer‐reviewed literature (January 2007 to July 2018). We included studies examining opioid use for more than 30 days. We classified operationalization of LTOT based on criteria used in the definitions. We extracted LTOT predictors from multivariate models in studies of opioid‐naïve individuals.ResultsThe search retrieved 5,221 studies, and 34 studies were included. We extracted 41 unique variations of LTOT definitions. About 36% of definitions required a cumulative duration of opioid use of 3 months. Only 17% of definitions considered consecutive observation periods, 27% used days' supply, and no definitions considered dose.We extracted 76 unique predictors of LTOT from seven studies of opioid‐naïve patients. Common predictors included pre‐existing comorbidities (21.1%), non‐opioid prescription medication use (13.2%), substance use disorders (10.5%), and mental health disorders (10.5%).ConclusionsMost LTOT definitions aligned with the chronic pain definition (pain more than 3 months), and used cumulative duration of opioid use as a criterion, although most did not account for consistent use. Definitions were varied and rarely accounted for prescription characteristics, such as days' supply. Predictors of LTOT were similar to known risk factors of opioid abuse, misuse, and overdose. As LTOT becomes a central component of quality improvement efforts, researchers should incorporate criteria to identify consistent opioid use to build the evidence for safe and appropriate use of prescription opioids.
Outdoor photoluminescence imaging of solar panels by contactless switching: Technical considerations and applications
Authors: Bhoopathy Raghavi , Kunz Oliver , Juhl Mattias , Trupke Thorsten , Hameiri Ziv 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMonitoring the performance of solar modules in a photovoltaic system is critical in order to understand the health of the system. Existing methods for field inspection have limited capability of detecting various electronic defects that can, however, be identified with luminescence‐based methods. A contactless outdoor photoluminescence‐imaging based measurement method that uses the sun as the excitation source was presented in our earlier work. This paper extends our previous work and presents two unique applications to (a) identify and quantify local areas of high series resistance within the cells and (b) identify bypass diodes that have failed in open‐circuit. The paper also discusses specific technical considerations of this method. The main merit of this method is that it can be used when the module is under normal operation in the field, without requiring changing of the electrical wiring of the photovoltaic array.
Nanophase‐separated poly(acrylic acid)/poly(ethylene oxide) plasma polymers for the spatially localized attachment of biomolecules
Authors: Pleskunov Pavel , Nikitin Daniil , Tafiichuk Renata , Khalakhan Ivan , Kolská Zdeňka , Choukourov Andrei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCarboxyl‐enriched nanoparticles are produced by the plasma polymerization of acrylic acid (ppAA NPs), whereas plasma‐assisted vapor‐phase deposition is used to prepare thin films of poly(ethylene oxide) (ppPEO). Sequential depositions generate phase‐separated coatings. The ppAA NPs are found to be in a glassy state, whereas thin films of ppPEO are found to be in a rubbery state. When immersed into a solution of lysozymes, the ppPEO absorbs water, which results in the dissociation of the carboxyls on the ppAA NP surface. Negatively charged carboxyls attract positively charged lysozymes. The ppPEO surface in between the NPs resists the accumulation of the protein, leading to the spatially localized adsorption of lysozymes only on the spots where the ppAA NPs are located.
Highly Selective Optical and Fluorescence “Turn On” Signaling of Al3+: Cell Imaging and Estimation in Rice Plant
Authors: Saha Shrabani , Das Sujoy , Sahoo Prithidipa 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA new pyrene based chemosensor (PTI) has been developed for selective estimation of toxic Al3+ ion in the root extract of rice plants (Oryza sativa) in neutral aqueous medium based on signaling through inhibition of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) and initiation of chelation enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) mechanism. The rapid colorimertic and fluorimetric changes of the probe PTI upon interaction with Al3+ in the nanomolar scale has been well justified by different spectroscopic and theoretical analysis. The potentiality of the “turn on” signaling property of PTI also been demonstrated through cell imaging in the roots and stems of the rice plants efficiently.
Hot‐Injection Synthesis of PbE (E= S, Se) Nanoparticles from Dichalcogenoimidophosphinato Lead (II) Complexes
Authors: Boadi Nathaniel O. , Saah Selina A. , Helliwell Madeleine , Awudza Johannes A. M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDichalcogenoimidodiphoshinato lead complexes, [Pb((EPiPr2)2N)2] (E=S, Se) have been synthesized and characterized. The crystal structure of [Pb((SeSPiPr2)2N)2]), has been solved by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography and reported. These complexes have been used as single‐source precursors to synthesise PbS and PbSe nanoparticles by hot‐injection method in an oleylamine/trioctylphosphine mixture. Powder X‐ray diffraction (p‐XRD) studies indicate that the nanoparticles produced are cubic. The optical band gaps estimated from the absorption spectrum fitting curve indicate significant tuning of the bulk band gap, blue shifting towards the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
A Facile and Stereoselective Synthesis of 3‐Phenylsulfinyl‐β‐lactams Using Selectfluor
Authors: Pandey Suvidha , Thakur Aarti , Reshma  , Bari Shamsher S. , Thapar Renu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAn operationally simple, highly efficient and stereoselective method for oxidation of trans‐3‐phenylthio‐β‐lactams to trans‐3‐phenylsulfinyl‐β‐lactams is reported. High selectivity and yields were obtained under mild conditions. The probable mechanistic scheme for the formation of oxidized product is proposed.
Sulfonimidoyl Azide: A Novel Precursor for the Direct and Rapid Access to N‐Aryl Sulfonimidamides via Cu–Catalyzed Chan‐Evans‐Lam Reaction with Boronic Acids under Mild And Efficient Condition
Authors: Ravindra S. , Rohith J. , Jesin C. P. Irfana , Kataria Ramesh , Nandi Ganesh Chandra 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHerein, we have introduced sulfonimidoyl azide as a precursor in a Cu‐catalyzed Chan‐Evans‐Lam reaction with aryl boronic acid for the synthesis of N‐aryl sulfonimidamide. The CuCl catalyzed reactions of sulfonimidoyl azides and aryl boronic acids have been proceeded in the presence of triethylamine (Et3N) as base in methanol at room temperature under oxygen atmosphere and resulted moderate to good yields of corresponding products in very short time. The synthetic utilities of N‐aryl sulfonimidamides have been established by iodination reactions and Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reactions.
Orthogonal persistence in nonvolatile memory architectures: A persistent heap design and its implementation for a Java Virtual Machine
Authors: Perez Taciano D. , Neves Marcelo V. , Medaglia Diego , Monteiro Pedro H. G. , De Rose César A. F. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryCurrent computer systems separate main memory from storage, and programming languages typically reflect this distinction using different representations for data in memory and storage. However, moving data back and forth between these different layers and representations compromise both programming and execution efficiency. To remedy this, the concept of orthogonal persistence (OP) was proposed in the early 1980s advocating that, from a programmer's standpoint, there should be no differences in the way that short‐term and long‐term data are manipulated. However, at that time, the underlying implementations still had to cope with the complexity of moving data across memory and storage. Today, recent nonvolatile memory (NVM) technologies, such as resistive RAM and phase‐change memory, allow main memory and storage to be collapsed into a single layer of persistent memory, opening the way for more efficient programming abstractions for handling persistence. In this work, we revisit OP concepts in the context of NVM architectures and propose a persistent heap design for languages with automatic memory management. We demonstrate how it can significantly increase programmer and execution efficiency, removing the impedance mismatch of crossing semantic boundaries. To validate and demonstrate the presented concepts, we present JaphaVM, an implementation of the proposed design based on JamVM, an open‐source Java Virtual Machine. Our results show that JaphaVM, in most cases, executes the same operations between one and two orders of magnitude faster than regular database‐based and file‐based implementations, while requiring significantly less lines of code.
On the role of the ντ appearance in DUNE in constraining standard neutrino physics and beyond
Authors: Ghoshal A. , Giarnetti A. , Meloni D. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

We consider the ν

μ

→ ν

τ
appearance channel in the future Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) which offers a good statistics of the ν

τ
sample. In order to measure its impact on constraining the oscillation parameters, we consider several assumptions on the efficiency for ν

τ
charged-current signal events (with subsequent τ → e decay) and the related backgrounds and study the effects of various systematic uncertainties. Two different neutrino fluxes have been considered, namely a CP-violation optimized flux and a ν

τ
optimized flux.
Our results show that the addition of the ν

μ

→ ν

τ
appearance channel does not reduce the current uncertainties on the standard 3-ν oscillation parameters while it can improve in a significant way the sensitivity to the Non-Standard Interaction parameter |∈
μτ
| and to the new mixing angle θ
34 of a sterile neutrino model of the 3 + 1 type.
“Voice your choice”: a study of women’s choice of surgery for primary stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Dwyer Lucy , Weaver Emily , Rajai Azita , Cox Samantha , Reid Fiona 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
This was an observational study aiming to determine factors which influence women’s choice of surgery for primary stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Methods
Two hundred twelve women undergoing a primary SUI procedure were recruited to this study from 12 hospitals in the north of England. After choosing a procedure, women were asked to complete a standardized semi-structured questionnaire about their health, demographics and a free text box to record factors important to them when choosing their procedure. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the impact of demographic, lifestyle or healthcare factors on women’s decision-making. Thematic analysis of the free text data was performed to identify factors important for women when choosing a surgical procedure.

Results
Sixty-four percent of women chose urethral bulking. There was no significant difference among age, BMI, smoking status or previous laparotomy between women choosing the four types of surgery. Women were less likely to choose urethral bulking if seen in a tertiary centre compared with a secondary centre (p < 001). Major themes in decision-making were efficacy, invasiveness, recovery, risk of complications, use of mesh, the clinician, the media, hierarchy of treatments and type of anaesthetic. Some women expressed a hierarchical approach to treatment.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest decision-making is not influenced by patient factors such as age, BMI, smoking status or previous laparotomies. Women’s choices are a complex mix of factors and not simply related to efficacy.
Toda Conformal Blocks, Quantum Groups, and Flat Connections
Authors: Coman Ioana , Pomoni Elli , Teschner Jörg 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates the relations between the Toda conformal field theories, quantum group theory and the quantisation of moduli spaces of flat connections. We use the free field representation of the $${{\mathcal {W}}}$$W-algebras to define natural bases for spaces of conformal blocks of the Toda conformal field theory associated to the Lie algebra $${\mathfrak {s}}{\mathfrak {l}}_3$$sl3 on the three-punctured sphere with representations of generic type associated to the three punctures. The operator-valued monodromies of degenerate fields can be used to describe the quantisation of the moduli spaces of flat $$\mathrm {SL}(3)$$SL(3)-connections. It is shown that the matrix elements of the monodromies can be expressed as Laurent polynomials of more elementary operators which have a simple definition in the free field representation. These operators are identified as quantised counterparts of natural higher rank analogs of the Fenchel–Nielsen coordinates from Teichmüller theory. Possible applications to the study of the non-Lagrangian SUSY field theories are briefly outlined.