bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examination of gender differences: Causal attributions of treatment-seeking individuals with overweight and obesity
Authors: Henning Carmen , Seiferth Caroline , Färber Tanja , Pape Magdalena , Herpertz Stephan , Steins-Loeber Sabine , Wolstein Jörg 
Published: December 2024

Background
Addressing patients' perceptions of the causes of their overweight and obesity may be a promising approach to enhance treatment motivation and success. Previous research suggests that there are gender differences in these aspects. The objective of this study was to investigate gender differences in causal attributions among individuals with overweight and obesity who participated in a cognitive-behavioral mobile health (mHealth) intervention.

Method
Causal attributions were assessed using the revised Illness Perceptions Questionnaire, which included a rated and open answering section. An ANCOVA was conducted for each causal factor (behavioral, psychological, risk, external) as a dependent variable to determine gender differences, which were analysed with chi-squared tests for open-ended responses.

Results
The most frequently mentioned and highly rated cause was behavior for both genders (59.8% of 639 responses). The results indicated that women rated psychological causes, particularly stress-related causes, significantly higher, F(1,211) = 14.88, p < .001, η2 = .07, and were more likely to cite emotional eating than men, χ2(1, N = 639) = 15.06, p < .001. Men rated alcohol stronger as cause than women, t(125.05) = 3.79, p < .001.

Conclusion
The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of the gender differences in causal attributions among individuals with overweight or obesity. Implementing stress management interventions with a focus on emotion regulation is pivotal, especially for females. Interventions should focus on sensitizing males to the association between emotions and eating behavior. The causal attributions should be assessed with different survey methods in order to match the patient’s view of their condition.
The history of clinical psychology in Greece: A brief review – Legal deficiencies, practical dimensions and challenges for the future
Authors: Flora Katerina 
Published: December 2024

Background
The history of clinical psychology in Greece spans more than 150 years. However, this branch of psychology concerned with the assessment and treatment of mental illness and psychological problems has not yet acquired the institutional and general recognition to which it is entitled.

Aims
This article intends to highlight, chronologically, the basic elements of the history of clinical psychology in Greece, beginning with the important contribution of the work of philologist Panagiota Kazolea-Tavoularis.

Results
From the first references in the context of medical studies during the 19th century, clinical psychology gradually develops through its application in pedagogical, laboratory, and clinical contexts to become an independent discipline alongside the consolidation of general psychology. Special mention is made of the scientists who pioneered this direction.

Conclusion
The present review highlights historical milestones and concludes with the current situation, in which important steps have been taken. However, significant changes are needed at the institutional level.
Effectiveness of attachment-based family therapy for suicidal adolescents and young adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Schulte-Frankenfeld Poul M. , Breedvelt Josefien J. F. , Brouwer Marlies E. , van der Spek Nadia , Bosmans Guy , Bockting Claudi L. 
Published: December 2024

Background
Suicide is a leading cause of death among adolescents and young adults. While only few evidence-based treatments with limited efficacy are available, family processes have recently been posed as a possible alternative target for intervention. Here, we review the evidence for Attachment-Based Family Therapy (ABFT), a guideline-listed treatment targeting intrafamilial ruptures and building protective caregiver-child relationships.

Method
PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Scopus were searched for prospective trials on ABFT in youth published up until November 6th, 2023, and including measures of suicidality. Results were independently screened by two researchers following PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB-2 framework. A random effects meta-analysis was conducted on suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms post-intervention scores in randomized-controlled trials (RCTs).

Results
Seven articles reporting on four RCTs (n = 287) and three open trials (n = 45) were identified. Mean age of participants was M
pooled = 15.2 years and the majority identified as female (~80%). Overall, ABFT was not significantly more effective in reducing youth suicidal ideation, gpooled
= 0.40, 95% CI [-0.12, 0.93], nor depressive symptoms, gpooled
= 0.33, 95% CI [-0.18, 0.84], compared to investigated controls (Waitlist, (Enhanced) Treatment as Usual, Family-Enhanced Nondirective Supportive Therapy).

Conclusion
Evidence is strongly limited, with few available trials, small sample sizes, high sample heterogeneity, attrition rates, and risk of bias. While not generally superior to other treatments, ABFT might still be a clinically valid option in specific cases and should be further investigated. Clinicians are currently recommended to apply caution when considering ABFT as stand-alone intervention for suicidal youth and to decide on a case-by-case basis.
Clinicopathological Characteristics of Hirschsprung’s Disease: A Single-Center Study in Bangladesh
Authors: Chakraborty Debashis , Rahman SM Mahfuzur , Sufian Abu , Rahaman Md Arifur , Alam Md Mazharul 
Published: December 2024

Background: Hirschsprung disease (HD) is the congenital absence of parasympathetic ganglionic cells within the distal intestine. This leads to a lack of gut motility, stool stasis, and constipation. HD is relatively common in children. This study aims to identify the clinic-pathological characteristic of HD patients in our institution in Bangladesh.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in the department of pediatric surgery, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh from January 2018 to April 2019with ethical clearance from respective IERB. Sixty cases of clinically, radiologically consistent with Hirschsprung’s Disease not in acute stage, chronic constipation with assisted defecation in older children and children who came with colostomy for subsequent management without tissue diagnosis were purposively included in the study. In each case information about the patients was obtained in a predesigned questionnaire after obtaining written consent of the parents/guardians in the consent form. All the patients underwent rectal punch biopsy. Variables were expressed as mean ± SD, frequency and percentage.
Results:The age range of the study group was 3 days to 7 years with a mean age of 1.20±1.90 years. Among the 60 patients 40 (66.6%) patients were male and the rests 20 (33.4%) were female with a ratio of 2:1. Most of the patients were in neonatal period (25, 41.66%) followed by infants (18, 30%). In this study. In the study cases delayed passage of meconium was in 42 patients, constipation was in 58 patients, abdominal distensions were in 42 patients, vomiting was in 25 (41.66%) patients.
Conclusion:The clinical presentation of Hirschsprung’s disease ranges from neonatal intestinal obstruction to chronic progressive constipation in older children. It is hoped that early presentation and diagnosis of the disease enhance early surgical correction and prevent fatal complications among the children.
Eastern Med Coll J. July 2024; 9 (2): 91-94
Effects of Spirulina Platensis on hyperglycemia and mechanical allodynia in Streptazocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Ghosh Munmun , Tasnim Syeda Fadia , Roy Shuvajit , Ghash Satabdi , Sathi Meherun Nessa , Jahan Nusrat , Mawa Jannatul 
Published: December 2024

Background: Diabetic neuropathy is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus and exerts powerful pessimistic effect on patient’s life. This neuropathy induced pain is not relieved by taking usual analgesics. At present, several medicinal herbs have gained attention since these exhibit fewer side effects. In this regard, Spirulina platensis is one such herb that various activities beneficial to human health.
Objective: To note the influence of oral Spirulina platensis (S.platensis) on hyperglycaemia and mechanical allodynia following its administration into Long Evans rats that have been induced into diabetic neuropathy. Materials and method: This research work was performed between March of 2017 and February of 2019 in the physiology department of BSMMU ( Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University),Dhaka. Long Evan rats (12 in number, weighing 150-200g) were distributed in to 2 groups based on intervention. Group 1 was given oral Spirulina platensis, 400 mg/kg body weight while group 2 received normal saline 5ml/kg body weight once daily and here experiment performed was Von Frey test. The experiment was carried out for 21 days. Mean±SEM was used to express the data that was analyzed with SPSS (version 16.0). Comparison between the 2 groups was done by means of independent sample ‘t’ test and significance level was taken at p 0.05 . Results: In this study, Spirulina platensis demonstrated significant reduction in blood glucose level (p≤0.01) and higher paw withdrawal threshold (p 0.001) of diabetic rats in estimation of random blood glucose level and Von Frey test respectively. Conclusion: The present study concluded that, S. platenis attenuates hyperglycaemia and mechanical allodynia in rats with diabetic neuropathic pain.
J Med Coll Women Hosp.2024;20(2): 56-63
Management of perianal diseases under local anesthesia
Authors: Habibullah Tarafder , Khanam Sumy Afroza , Abu Nasser Jamal , Akter Fatema 
Published: December 2024

Background: Besides anesthetic purpose, local infiltrative/field block are commonly used for pain remission after various surgical procedure. With advances in medical science, management of various perianal disorders has been reported to be possible under local anesthesia with great ease and comfort. Aim: We performed selective perianal minor surgical procedure under local anesthesia in the form of either pudendal or subcutaneous infiltrative technique to see any procedural complications. Materials and Method: After fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria a total of 50 cases were selected for this prospective study and was conducted in Enam Medical College and Hospital from January, 2022 to June 2022. Both loco-regional (pudendal block) and peri-lesional subcutaneous infiltration technique were applied. A mixture of 0.5% bupivacaine and 2% lignocaine with adrenaline was used according to body weight. All the cases were observed to see any immediate procedural complications. Follow-up was made at Outpatient Department (OPD) for at least 3 months. Results: Out of 50 cases, only 3 patients (6%) developed procedural complications and in 2 cases (4%) the procedure had failed. Conclusion: In selected proctological disorders, local anesthesia can be applied with minimum procedural complications.
J Med Coll Women Hosp.2024; 20(2): 23-29
Dimensions of Advocacy for Exclusive Breastfeeding Policy in Banda Aceh City
Authors: Gusweni Mira , Agustina Agustina , Wardiati Wardiati , Naflah Sajidatun , Taufik Taufik 
Published: December 2024

The achievement of exclusive breastfeeding in Banda Aceh City is still categorized as low from the national target. This problem requires efforts to be made by stakeholders, one of which is through advocacy. This study aims to analyze the dimensions of exclusive breastfeeding policy advocacy in Banda Aceh City. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of interviews through open-ended questions. Field observations were conducted in the form of observations of breastfeeding socialization and education activities. Secondary data was collected by reviewing documents relevant to the research. The results found that exclusive breastfeeding policy advocacy activities in Banda Aceh City were not optimal. There is a weakness in the action dimension of advocacy, where stakeholders in the implementation of the breastfeeding program are still running independently. There is no collective action among stakeholders. The collective action of stakeholders in the implementation of the exclusive breastfeeding program is important to produce optimal breastfeeding outcomes. Optimization of exclusive breastfeeding achievements can be obtained if stakeholders collaborate together in a roadmap of breastfeeding programs and activities in Banda Aceh City.
Diagnosis and insight into the unique lung microbiota of pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis patients by bronchoalveolar lavage using metagenomic next-generation sequencing
Authors: Zhou Haiyi , Pei Yi , Xie Qifang , Nie Wenjie , Liu Xiaoyan , Xia Han , Jiang Jie 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundAlthough previous studies have reported the dysregulation of respiratory tract microbiota in infectious diseases, insufficient data exist regarding respiratory microbiota imbalances in the lower respiratory tracts of children with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). In this study, we assessed the value of mNGS in the pathogen diagnosis and microbiome analysis of PTB patients using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples.MethodsA total of 64 participants, comprising 43 pediatric PTB and 21 pediatric pneumonia patients were recruited in the present study. BALF samples were collected from the above participants. Parallel comparisons between mNGS and conventional microbial test (CMT) pathogen detection were performed. Moreover, the diversity and structure of all 64 patients’ lung BALF microbiomes were explored using the mNGS data.ResultsComparing to the final clinical diagnosis, mNGS in BALF samples produced a sensitivity of 46.51%, which was lower than that of TB-PCR (55.00%) and Xpert (55.00%). The diagnostic efficacy of PTB can be highly enhanced by mNGS combined with TB-PCR (AUC=0.8140, P&lt;0.0001). There were no significant differences in the diversity either between patients with TB and pneumonia. Positive mNGS pathogen results in pediatric PTB patients significantly affect the β-diversity of the pulmonary microbiota. In addition, significant taxonomic differences were found in BALF specimens from patients with PTB and pneumonia, both of which have unique bacterial compositions.ConclusionsmNGS is valuable in the etiological diagnosis of PTB, and can reveal pulmonary microecological characteristics. For pediatric PTB patients, the mNGS should be implemented early and complementary to CMTs.
Interoperability of health data using FHIR Mapping Language: transforming HL7 CDA to FHIR with reusable visual components
Authors: Bossenko Igor , Randmaa Rainer , Piho Gunnar , Ross Peeter 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionEcosystem-centered healthcare innovations, such as digital health platforms, patient-centric records, and mobile health applications, depend on the semantic interoperability of health data. This ensures efficient, patient-focused healthcare delivery in a mobile world where citizens frequently travel for work and leisure. Beyond healthcare delivery, semantic interoperability is crucial for secondary health data use. This paper introduces a tool and techniques for achieving health data semantic interoperability, using reusable visual transformation components to create and validate transformation rules and maps, making them usable for domain experts with minimal technical skills.MethodsThe tool and techniques for health data semantic interoperability have been developed and validated using Design Science, a common methodology for developing software artifacts, including tools and techniques.ResultsOur tool and techniques are designed to facilitate the interoperability of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) by enabling the seamless unification of various health data formats in real time, without the need for extensive physical data migrations. These tools simplify complex health data transformations, allowing domain experts to specify and validate intricate data transformation rules and maps. The need for such a solution arises from the ongoing transition of the Estonian National Health Information System (ENHIS) from Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) to Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR), but it is general enough to be used for other data transformation needs, including the European Health Data Space (EHDS) ecosystem.ConclusionThe proposed tool and techniques simplify health data transformation by allowing domain experts to specify and validate the necessary data transformation rules and maps. Evaluation by ENHIS domain experts demonstrated the usability, effectiveness, and business value of the tool and techniques.
Sex-dependent modulation of T and NK cells and gut microbiome by low sodium diet in patients with primary aldosteronism
Authors: Nowotny Hanna F. , Zheng Tingting , Seiter Thomas Marchant , Ju Jing , Schneider Holger , Kroiss Matthias , Sarkis Anna-Lina , Sturm Lisa , Britz Vera , Lechner Andreas , Potzel Anne L. , Kunz Sonja , Bidlingmaier Martin , Neuhaus Klaus , Gottschlich Adrian , Kobold Sebastian , Reisch Nicole , Schirmer Melanie , Reincke Martin , Adolf Christian 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundHigh dietary sodium intake is a major cardiovascular risk factor and adversely affects blood pressure control. Patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) are at increased cardiovascular risk, even after medical treatment, and high dietary sodium intake is common in these patients. Here, we analyze the impact of a moderate dietary sodium restriction on microbiome composition and immunophenotype in patients with PA.MethodsProspective two-stage clinical trial including two subgroups: 15 treatment-naive PA patients compared to matched normotensive controls; and 31 PA patients on mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist treatment before and three months after sodium restriction. Patients underwent blood pressure measurements, laboratory tests, analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells via flow cytometry and microbiome analysis.ResultsWe observed a higher percentage of Tregs in treatment-naive PA patients (p = 0.0303), while the abundance of Bacteroides uniformis was higher in PA patients compared to normotensive controls (p = 0.00027) and the abundance of Lactobacillus species however was higher in the subgroup of normotensive controls (p = 0.0290). Sodium restriction was accompanied by a decrease in pro-inflammatory Tc17 cells in male patients (p = 0.0081, females p = 0.3274). Bacteroides uniformis abundance was higher in female patients (0.01230, p = 0.0016) and decreased upon sodium restriction (0.002309, p = 0.0068).ConclusionDietary sodium restriction in patients with PA modulates the peripheral immune cell composition toward a less inflammatory phenotype. This suggests a potential mechanism by which sodium reduction modulates immune cell composition, leading to blood pressure reduction and positively impacting cardiovascular risk.
Hyperglycemia causes differential change in macrophage population in the lacrimal gland, conjunctiva and cornea
Authors: Alfuraih Saleh , Tran Amy , Kim Lois , Ansari Rais , Sharma Ajay 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundDue to its location, the ocular surface is exposed to environmental microbes. Innate immune cells including macrophages are first line defense against infections. In vitro exposure to high glucose as well as diabetes-associated hyperglycemia has been shown to affect innate immune cell function and population. The present study was designed to examine the effect of diabetes-associated hyperglycemia on the lacrimal gland, conjunctiva and cornea macrophage population, phenotypic changes and cytokines/chemokines.MethodsMouse model of Streptozotocin-induced diabetes was used to induce hyperglycemia. Immunostaining for CD11b and F4/80 was performed to stain macrophages in whole mount cornea, conjunctiva and 50 µm lacrimal gland sections. Flowcytometry was performed on single cell suspension to identify macrophage phenotypes and activation using CD11b, F4/80, CD80, CD206 and MHCII staining. Real time PCR was performed to quantify gene expression for macrophage-associated cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ) and chemokine (CCL2).ResultsOur data demonstrates the diabetes-associated hyperglycemia caused a rapid onset and significant decrease in macrophage population in lacrimal gland, conjunctiva and cornea. The onset of this noted decrease was as early as 7 days after hyperglycemia in lacrimal gland and conjunctiva followed by a notable increase towards recovery only in conjunctiva but not in the lacrimal gland. The cornea tissue showed a steady decline up to the tested time point of 28 days. Further, hyperglycemia did not cause any notable changes in macrophage phenotypes, their activation status or the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, CCL2 except in the cornea where an increase in the cytokine levels was noted after 7 days of hyperglycemiaConclusionOur data shows that diabetes-associated hyperglycemia can cause a significant decrease in microphage population with changing their plasticity or activation status in lacrimal gland, conjunctiva and cornea but the kinetics of decrease and recovery show differential pattern specific for each tissue.
Inhibition of the MyD88 signaling pathway could upregulates Ghrelin expression to synergistically regulate hepatic Echinococcus multilocularis-infected progression
Authors: Zhu Jiang , Zhou Tanfang , Chen Guangfeng , Wu Yuhui , Chen Xia , Song Ya , Tuohetali Ayinula , Gao Huijing , Pang Dongming , Wen Hao , Aimulajiang Kalibixiati 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionAE and whether the inhibition of the MyD88 inflammatory pathway can enhance Ghrelin expression to collaboratively modulate AE progression remains unclear.MethodsIn this study, we evaluated Ghrelin serum levels and changes in TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway proteins and inflammatory factors in AE patients and E. multilocularis mouse models at different stages of infection (-4, -8, and -12 weeks). Additionally, we administered the MyD88 inhibitor TJ-M2010-5 intraperitoneally to infected mice to evaluate alterations in inflammation and Ghrelin levels, as well as disease progression.ResultsA decrease in serum Ghrelin levels in AE patients, whereas both Ghrelin and GHSR, along with TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway proteins and markers of M1/M2 macrophage polarization, exhibited increased expression in the inflammatory cell zones surrounding hepatic lesions. Similar findings were observed in E. multilocularis-infected mice. M1-type inflammatory expression predominated throughout the infection’s progression, with sustained high levels of Ghrelin counteracting inflammation. The TLR4/ MyD88/NF-κB pathway remained suppressed during the first 8 weeks, becoming activated only at 12 weeks. Inhibition of the MyD88 pathway resulted in reduced inflammation levels and upregulated Ghrelin expression, thereby collaboratively regulating the progression of hepatic infection.ConclusionThese findings suggest an interactive regulation between the MyD88 inflammatory signaling pathway and Ghrelin, indicating that MyD88 inhibition could enhance Ghrelin expression to modulate the progression of E. multilocularis infection.