bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Prevents Synaptic Pathology in Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy via NRG1/ErbB4 Signaling
Authors: Ding Saidan , Wang Jian , Zhuge Weishan , Ye Yiru , Lu Xiaoai , You Ruimin , Liu Leping , Yu He , Wang Xuebao , Zhuge Qichuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is implicated in the impairment of memory function. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) is involved in modulating synaptic and neuronal formation. The aim of this study is to examined the impacts of FGF2 on MHE pathology. Our study addressed whether FGF2 could trigger neuregulin1 (NRG1) release to ameliorate synaptic impairment in MHE rats and in primary cultured neurons. The results showed the decreased FGF2 expression in MHE brains. After treatment with FGF2, secreted neuregulin1 (NRG1) and ErbB4 were increased, and the interaction of the 2 proteins was enhanced. Additionally, treatment with FGF2 or NRG1 induced synaptic formation, with increase in the activity of synapse and the density of dendritic spine, through Sirt1.NRG1 signaling was prevented by administration of FGF2, which acts through the FGFR1 in MHE rats. Intracerebroventricular injection with FGF2 or NRG1 mitigated the impairment of synaptogenesis. The data suggest that FGF2 may be a promising latent therapeutic reagent for MHE pathogenesis.
I keep looking at what I’m doing to my organs: Samoans’ responses to adapted anti-tobacco television advertisements
Authors: Umali Elaine , Tanielu Helen , Whittaker Robyn , Sugden Cam , McCool Judith 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background There has been an increase of adapted tobacco control media campaigns in low and middle countries. Adapting existing material offers many benefits especially to countries with limited resources. We adapted three television advertisements for the Tu’u Nei Loa Le Ulaula Tapa’a (Stop Smoking Now) campaign in Samoa. Adaption included rigorous efforts to ensure advertisements were culturally appropriate. Methods To determine audiences’ perception and perceived efficacy of anti-tobacco television advertisements to promote smoking cessation, we conducted eight talanoa , a Pacific Islands research methodology, among 54 smokers and non-smokers in Apia, Samoa. The talonoa were transcribed, translated and thematically coded. Results Qualitative results suggest that the advertisements raised the awareness of the participants on the negative health impacts of tobacco use, especially to the internal organs. Graphic, and emotionally evocative advertisements, especially those that impact on the family, have greater potential to motivate Samoans to quit.Conclusion Study findings provide preliminary evidence that adapting advertisements may offer a cost-effective strategy to reduce smoking rates for low- and middle-income countries to use existing campaigns that have been proven effective in other countries.
Vibroarthrographic analysis of patellofemoral joint arthrokinematics during squats with increasing external loads
Authors: Ołowiana Ewelina , Selkow Noelle , Laudner Kevin , Puciato Daniel , Bączkowicz Dawid 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The patellofemoral joint (PFJ) provides extremely low kinetic friction, which results in optimal arthrokinematic motion quality. Previous research showed that these friction-reducing properties may be diminished due to the increase in articular contact forces. However, this phenomenon has been not analyzed in vivo during functional daily-living activities. The aim of this study was the vibroarthrographic assessment of changes in PFJ arthrokinematics during squats with variated loads.Methods: Fifty-seven asymptomatic subjects were enrolled in this study. Participants were asked to perform 3 trials: 4 repetitions of bodyweight squats (L0), 4 repetitions of 10 kg barbell back loaded squats (L10), 4 repetitions of 20 kg barbell back loaded squats (L20). During the unloaded and loaded (L10, L20) squats, vibroarthrographic signals were collected using an accelerometer placed on the patella and were described by the following parameters: variation of mean square (VMS), mean range (R4), and power spectral density for frequency of 50-250 Hz (P1) and 250-450 Hz (P2).Results: Obtained results showed that the lowest values were noted in the unloaded condition and that the increased applied loads had a significant concomitant increase in all the aforementioned parameters bilaterally (p<0.05).Conclusion: This phenomenon indicates that the application of increasing knee loads during squats corresponds to higher intensity of vibroacoustic emission, which may result in higher contact stress and kinetic friction as well as diminished arthrokinematic motion quality.
Investigation of manual chest compression in CPR on the dialysis chair
Authors: Ifuku Takeshi , Kawakubo Yoshfumi , Hitosugi Takashi , Tomoyuki Tanaka , Doi Kazuto , Yokoyama Takeshi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Heart failure is the leading cause of death in dialysis patients. Cardiac arrest due to hypotension may also occur during dialysis therapy. If cardiac arrest is elicited, manual chest compressions (MCC) should be started as soon as possible. However, if MCC is applied during the patient is being treated on the dialysis chair, the backrest of the dialysis chair is horizontal to the floor and there is no support between the backrest and the floor, so that will shake and become unstable.Methods: we investigated whether a round chair is effective for supporting the dialysis chair for MCC. Four adult males performed MCC on three dialysis chairs using a manikin. MCC was performed with 2 sets (1 set was 100 times per minute) per person, with or without a round chair. A total of 4,800 times were performed by four executors.Results: When the chair was not used as a stabilizer, the mean value of fluctuation range were 20.8 ± 8.1 mm, 18.7 ± 5.5 mm, and 12.8 ± 1.8 mm, respectively. When the chair was used, the mean value of fluctuation range were 6.1 ± 1.1 mm, 7.5 ± 2.1 mm, and 1.0 ± 0 mm, decreasing by 70%, 59%, and 92%.Conclusion: MCC with the stool under the backrest as a stabilizer was effective for dialysis chairs.
Transanal Proctcolectomy and Ileal Pouch-anal Anastomosis (Taipaa) for Ulcerative Colitis: Medium Term Functional Outcomes in a Single Centre.
Authors: Capolupo Gabriella Teresa , Carannante Filippo , Mascianà Gianluca , Lauricella Sara , Mazzotta Erica , Caricato Marco 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Transanal dissection of the rectum has been recently introduced for ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) in UC showing promising results. Thanks to the precise identification of the rectotomy site the risk of long rectal stump is avoided, and a single stapled anastomosis is performed easily.The aim of this study is to analyze our initial experience of transanal IPAA (Ta-IPAA), considering postoperative complications and medium-term functional outcomes.Methods: Our Center has experienced the transanal approach for proctectomy and IPAA since October 2018. All patients underwent Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol. Postoperative complications occurring within 30 days after surgery were taken into consideration.Results: Until March 2019, 8 patients underwent Ta-IPAA. In all cases the laparoscopic approach was performed during the transabdominal phase; abdominal drainage was never used. At the time of the pouch construction a defunctioning ileostomy was created in all patients. Stoma closure was performed in all cases at a median time of 6 months after surgery. Postoperative complications occurred in only one patient, who showed rectal bleeding. There were no cases of anastomotic leakage.Medium-term functional outcomes were determined prospectively by a validated questionnaire (Cleveland Global Quality of Life). Fecal incontinence for liquid or solid stool, restriction in work and social genitourinary and sexual functions were also investigated.Conclusions: In our experience, Ta-IPAA provided good short and medium-term functional results in UC.
Identification of novel pig and human immunoglobulin G-binding proteins and characterization of the binding regions of enolase from Streptococcus suis serotype 2
Authors: Li Quan , Fu Yang , Guo Genglin , Wang Zhuohao , Zhang Wei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Streptococcus suis, a major emerging pathogen in swine and humans, expresses immunoglobulin G (IgG)-binding proteins (IBPs), which contribute to the ability of organism to evasion of host immune system. The objective of this study was to identify novel pig IgG (pIgG) and human IgG (hIgG)-binding proteins and characterize the binding regions of enolase from Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (S. suis 2). Here, four pIgG-binding proteins (pIBPs) and five hIgG-binding proteins (hIBPs) were identified from S. suis 2 surface proteins by 2D-Far-western blot assays. All the newly captured proteins were expressed and further confirmed their binding activity to pIgG or hIgG by Far-western blot and dot blot. In addition to previously identified factor H, fibronectin, collagen, fibrinogen, plasminogen and laminin, we also found that both pIgG and hIgG can specifically interact with enolase. Binding assays indicated that interactions of S. suis 2 enolase with pIgG and hIgG is primarily mediated by the enolase C-terminal portion (Enolase-C, a.a. 142-432). We found that hIgG exhibited stronger binding ability to Enolase-C than pIgG. Further analysis of the C-terminal regions of enolase (Enolase-C1 and Enolase-C2) suggested that the C-terminus possessed two different binding domains with distinct host IgG proteins. Strikingly, we confirmed that pIgG interacted with the Enolase-C1 (a.a. 142-271) and hIgG interacted with the Enolase-C2 (a.a. 271-432). These observations of enolase provide interesting insights in the pathogenesis of S. suis infection.
Modelling strategies to predict hospital demand during the COVID-19 outbreak in Bogota, Colombia
Authors: Rivera-Rodriguez Claudia , Urdinola Beatriz Piedad 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
{Background}
Colombia, like many developing nations, does not have a strong health system able to respond to a pandemic of the magnitude of Covid-19. There is an increasing need to create a model that allows particular clinics and hospitals to the number of patients that require Intensive Care Units-ICU care (critical), and the number of patients that require hospital care (severe), but not ICU care.

{Methods}
This paper presents a prediction of the total number of ICU and regular beds that will be needed during the pandemic COVID-19 for Bogot\'a-Colombia.
We use a SEIR model that includes three different compartments of infection: those who can stay at home, those in regular hospital beds and those in need of ICU treatment.
The model allows for a time varying transmission rate which we use to incorporate the measures introduced by the government over the period of one year.
{Results}
The model predicts that by mid July 2020, the city will reach the peak of the epidemic with a total of 22 526 prevalent ICUs needed and 84 816 regular hospital beds needed.
By the end of May 2020, the number of patients that need ICUs will overpass the current capacity set at 2000 beds for ICU hospital beds in the city. The model predicts that the death toll by the same date will reach 1752 people and
the number of cases will be 54652 inhabitants by then.
We provide a Shiny app available in \texttt{https://claudia-rivera-rodriguez.shinyapps.io/shinyappcovidclinic/}.

{Conclusions}
COVID-19 has posed too many challenges to health systems around the globe, this model is an useful tool for cities, hospitals and clinics in Colombia that need to prepare for the excess demand of services that a pandemic like this one generates. Unfortunately, the model predicts that by July capacity of the system in Bogot\'a will not be enough. We expect the lock-down rules strength in the future days, so the death toll is not as bad as predicted by this model.
Virulence gene, antimicrobial resistance and phylogenetic characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in migratory birds, Guangdong
Authors: zheng Lin , Chen Ping , Guo Jun Xue , Zhu Ling Wei , Guan Yao Jia , Wang Ying , Jing Jie , Liang Bing , Ji Xue 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Vibrio parahaemolyticus is an intestinal pathogen that is transmitted by contaminated aquatic products.Migratory birds ate foods infected with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, excreting feces on other foods. Other organisms ate contaminated food again, leading to the spread of strains. It were reported previously that Vibrio parahaemolyticus was sensitive to most antibiotics except penicillin such as ampicillin and amoxicillin. However, due to the frequent used of antibiotics in recent years, Vibrio parahaemolyticus developed resistance to antibiotics. The recommended antibiotics for Vibrio parahaemolyticus treatment were tetracycline, β-lactam, quinolone and sulfonamide. In the storage migratory bird, Vibrio parahaemolyticus could complete the accumulation of drug resistance, resulting in the generation of drug resistance genes, or the horizontal drug resistance genes transfer from other bacteria, resulting obtain drug resistance genes. Results In this study, 122 isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were obtained for further pathogenicity identification, antibacterial susceptibility testing of 18 antimicrobial compounds and genetic characterization based on the whole genome sequencing. There is no pandemic serotype isolated between migratory birds, but 37 strains with cholera toxin. Five strains had col3M plasmid-moderately resistant drug-resistant strains of quinolone mediated by the qnrD1 gene. For the first time in China, Vibrio parahaemolyticus with col3M plasmid-mediated qnrD1 gene was isolated from migratory birds. Conclusion According to the mutltilocus sequence typing analysis, authors found the bacterial genetic diversity is higher, the clones are less and there is regional aggregation in Shenzhen. And mallards are more susceptible to Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
SUV39H1-mediated DNMT3A is participated in the epigenetic regulation of Tim-3 and galectin-9 in cervical cancer
Authors: Zhang Li , Tian Sijuan , Zhao Minyi , Yang Ting , Quan Shimin , Yang Qing , Song Lihua , Yang Xiaofeng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Methylation of histone 3 at lysine 9 (H3K9) and DNA methylation are among the most highly conserved epigenetic marks that correlate well with gene silencing. The tumor microenvironment significantly influences therapeutic responses and clinical outcomes. The epigenetic-regulation mechanism of the costimulatory factors Tim-3 and galectin-9 in cervical cancer remains unknown.Methods: The methylation status of HAVCR2 and LGALS9 was detected by MS-PCR in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. The underlying molecular mechanisms of SUV39H1-DNMT3A-Tim-3/galectin-9 regulation was elucidated using cervical cancer cell lines containing siRNA or/and over-expression system. Confirmation of the regulation of DNMT3A by SUV39H1 used ChIP-qPCR.Results: Here, we show that SUV39H1 up-regulates H3K9me3 expression in DNMT3A promoter region, which in turn induced expression of DNMT3A. In addition, our mechanistic studies indicate that DNMT3A mediates the epigenetic modulation of the HAVCR2 and LGALS9 genes by directly binding to their promoter regions in vitro. Moreover, in an in vivo assay, the expression profile of SUV39H1 up-regulates the level of H3K9me3 in the DNMT3A promoter region was found to correlate with Tim-3 and galectin-9 expression at the cellular level，indicating that SUV39H1-H3K9me3-DNMT3A is a crucial regulatory axis in cervical cancer.Conclusion: These results indicate that SUV39H1-DNMT3A is a crucial Tim-3 and galectin-9 regulatory axis in cervical cancer.
Challenges of False Positive and Negative Results in Cervical Cancer Screening
Authors: Grimes David Robert , Corry Edward MA , Malagon Talia , O'Riain Ciaran , Franco Eduardo , Brennan Donal 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Liquid-based cytology (LBC) molecular testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection andcombinations are practical modalities for cervical-screening. While life-saving, false positive and negative results are possible, leading to potential over or under treatment. Quantifying this is complicated by the increasing number of options available, including parallel co-testing and sequential triage. As HPV vaccination rates increase, it also has a potential impact onscreening test performance and interpretation of results. Methods:A modelling approach was used to compare different screening modalities in terms of Cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 and 3 detected and missed, false positives leading to excess colposcopy, and number of tests required to achieve a given accuracy. The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of different modalities were simulated under varying levels of HPV vaccination. Results:The model suggested that in a cohort of 1000 women, LBC screening typically misses 4.9 cases (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 3.5-6.7), with 95 (95% CI: 93-97%) excess colposcopies. With primary HPV testing, 2.0 (95% CI:1.9-2.1) were missed with 99 (95% CI:98-101) excess colposcopies. Co-testing reduced missed cases to 0.5 (95% CI:0.3-0.7) but dramatically increased excess colposcopy referral (184, 95% CI:182-188). Conversely, triage testing with reflex screening substantially reduced excess colposcopy to 9.6 (95% CI:9.3-10) at the cost of missing more cases (6.4, 95% CI:5.1-8.0). Over a life-time of screening, women who always attend co-testing hada 93.8-100% chance of a false positive over screening life-time. For annual, 3-year, and 5-year triage testing (either LBC with HPV reflex or vice-versa), lifetime risk of a false positive is 35.1%, 13.4%, and 8.3% respectively.Results of this work indicate that as HPV vaccination rates increase, HPV based screening approaches result in fewer unnecessary colposcopies than LBC approaches. Conclusion:Clinical relevance of cervical cancer screening is crucially dependent upon prevalence of cervical dysplasia and/or HPV infection or vaccination in a population, and the sensitivity and specificity of modalities employed. Although screening is life-saving, false negatives and positives inevitably occur, and over-testing runs risk of significant harm, including potential over-treatment. As HPV becomes less common, HPV-based modalities may have greater utility.
Intention to Hepatitis B Vaccinate: Evidence from Migrant Workers in Tianjin, China
Authors: Liu Cai , Nicholas Stephen , Jian Wang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Migrant workers are a susceptible population to the hepatitis B virus and a vulnerablespot in China’s immunization procedures. There is no free HB immunization program for migrant workers in China, so understanding migrant workers’ motivation to receive the hepatitis B vaccine is the first step in designing effect immunization policies.Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in three migrant-dense industries in Tianjin, China. Our sample consisted of 406 migrant workers, 133 from the retail industry, 119 from the manufacturing industry, and 154 from the service industry. Protection motivation theory (PMT) factors were produced by principal component factor analysis. Socio-demographic variables, migration-industry variablesand PMT factors were estimated in a step-by-step binary logistic regression model to explore migrant workers intention to vaccinate.Results: The nested binary logistic regression model results suggested that the severity factor, self-efficacy factor and response cost factor from the PMT constructs were the three statistically significant factors (p<0.05) that affect the migrant workers vaccination intention. The severity factor and self-efficacy factor to HB vaccination were positively related to HB vaccination intention (OR=1.500, OR=1.631) while the response cost was negatively related to motivation to take HB vaccine (OR=0.626). The socio-demographic variables showed that younger, married and good self-rated health status participants were statistically associated with the intention of taking the HB vaccine. Sex, education level and income group were not significantly associated with vaccination intentions. The migration-industry variables show that migrant location had astrong effect on migrant workers’ vaccination intention.Conclusions: Applying integrated PMT constructs to the vaccination intention of Tianjin’s migrant population provide new insights into migrant workers’ intention to the HB vaccinate. Our findings suggest specific recommendations on health education and immunization management policies for migrant workers.
Prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility patterns, including ESBL production and associated risk factors of Klebsiella species among UTI suspected patients at Bahir-dar town, Northwest Ethiopia.
Authors: Ameshe Asmamaw , Engda Tigist , Gizachew Mucheye 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Klebsiella species are opportunistic bacteria responsible for different infections such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTI) and septicemia in nosocomial and community environments. Beta-lactam drugs are used extensively to treat patients with Klebsiella infections. But today, most Klebsiella species are resistance to third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins and monobactams.Objectives To assess the prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility patterns including ESBL production and associated risk factors of Klebsiella species among UTI suspected patients attended at Bahir Dar town health institutions, Northwest Ethiopia.Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at Bahir Dar town health institutions from January to May 2019. A simple random sampling technique was used to enroll 384 study participants. Midstream urine samples were collected and inoculated onto Cystine–lactose–electrolyte-deficient and MacConkey agars. Identification was carried out by using biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolates were determined by Disc-diffusion method. ESBL-producing Klebsiella species was detected by using combined and single antibiotic disks on Mueller Hinton agar. A statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20 statistical package. P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant with 95% confidence interval.Result Out of 385 study subjects, prevalence of Klebsiella species was 38(9.9%), of them 25(65.8%) were Klebsiella pneumonia, 4(10.5%) K. oxytoca, 6(15.8%) K. ozaenae and 3(7.9%) K. rhinoscleromatis species. Moreover; 22(57.9%) of isolates were from female participants. A multi-variable logistic regression analysis showed that pervious antibiotic use, history of hospitalization and habit of tight dressing were statistically significant for getting UTI 2.618 (AOR = 2.618, 95% CI = 1.18–6.129), 5.873 (AOR = 5.873, 95% CI = 2.355–14.6) and 15.038 (AOR = 15.038, 95% CI = 1.7–139) times more at risk respectively.Conclusions The overall prevalence of UTI was lower than the previous studies conducted in Ethiopia. High ESBL producing Klebsiella species was detected. Pervious antibiotic use, history of hospitalization and habit of tight closing were significant risk factors for UTI. This result calls up for improving of the prevention and control system of Klebsiella species.