bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The entorhinal cortex of the monkey: VI. Organization of projections from the hippocampus, subiculum, presubiculum, and parasubiculum
Authors: Witter Menno P. , Amaral David G. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTThe organization of projections from the macaque monkey hippocampus, subiculum, presubiculum, and parasubiculum to the entorhinal cortex was analyzed using anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques. Projections exclusively originate in the CA1 field of the hippocampus and in the subiculum, presubiculum, and parasubiculum. The CA1 and subicular projections terminate most densely in Layers V and VI of the entorhinal cortex, with sparser innervation of the deep portion of Layers III and II. Entorhinal projections from CA1 and the subiculum are topographically organized such that a rostrocaudal axis of origin is related to a medial‐to‐lateral axis of termination. A proximodistal axis of origin in CA1 and distoproximal axis in subiculum are related to a rostrocaudal axis of termination in the entorhinal cortex. The presubiculum sends a dense, bilateral projection to caudal parts of the entorhinal cortex. This projection terminates most densely in Layer III with sparser termination in Layers I, II, and V. The same parts of entorhinal cortex receive a dense projection from the parasubiculum. This projection terminates in Layers III and II. Both presubicular and parasubicular projections demonstrate the same longitudinal topographic organization as the projections from CA1 and the subiculum. These studies demonstrate that: (a) hippocampal and subicular inputs to the entorhinal cortex in the monkey are organized similar to those described in nonprimate species; (b) the topographic organization of the projections from the hippocampus and subicular areas matches that of the reciprocal projections from the entorhinal cortex to the hippocampus and the subicular areas.
Urban spatial location service prediction algorithm based on fast adaptive genetic algorithm‐least squares support vector machine under the background of Internet of Things
Authors: Xia Xiangli , Cheng Wei , Yang Liu 
Published: July 2020

SummaryWith the hot issues such as smart city and ecological city put forward, the development of intelligence and informatization of urban space has been established, especially the Internet of Things. With the wide application of location‐based social networks, users can share their location of interest in location. By analyzing users' historical geographic information, location service recommendation can recommend geographic locations to users to help users obtain better access experience. Combined with genetic algorithm (GA) algorithm, a recommendation algorithm based on geographic location service optimization is proposed, which can better recommend to users. Aiming at the problem of slow convergence speed of GA, a fast adaptive genetic algorithm (FAGA) method is proposed to optimize location services. In the experimental part, comparing several functions, FAGA's test effect and convergence are ideal. By comparing FAGA‐least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) algorithm with other methods in location service recommendation, FAGA‐LSSVM method has more advantages.
FIPA‐based reference architecture for efficient discovery and selection of appropriate cloud service using cloud ontology
Authors: Abbas Ghulam , Mehmood Amjad , Lloret Jaime , Raza Muhammad Summair , Ibrahim Muhammad 
Published: July 2020

SummaryCloud computing is considered the latest emerging computing paradigm and has brought revolutionary changes in computing technology. With the advancement in this field, the number of cloud users and service providers is increasing continuously with more diversified services. Consequently, the selection of appropriate cloud service has become a difficult task for a new cloud customer. In case of inappropriate selection of a cloud services, a cloud customer may face the vendor locked‐in issue and data portability and interoperability problems. These are the major obstacles in the adoption of cloud services. To avoid these complexities, a cloud customer needs to select an appropriate cloud service at the initial stage of the migration to the cloud. Many researches have been proposed to overcome the issues, but problems still exist in intercommunication standards among clouds and vendor locked‐in issues. This research proposed an IEEE multiagent Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agent (FIPA) compliance multiagent reference architecture for cloud discovery and selection using cloud ontology. The proposed approach will mitigate the prevailing vendor locked‐in issue and also alleviate the portability and interoperability problems in cloud computing. To evaluate the proposed reference architecture and compare it with the state‐of‐the‐art approaches, several experiments have been performed by utilizing the commonly used performance measures. Analysis indicates that the proposed approach enables significant improvements in cloud service discovery and selection in terms of search efficiency, execution, and response time.
Danon disease is an underdiagnosed cause of advanced heart failure in young female patients: a LAMP2 flow cytometric study
Authors: Gurka Jiri , Piherova Lenka , Majer Filip , Chaloupka Anna , Zakova Daniela , Pelak Ondrej , Krebsova Alice , Peichl Petr , Krejci Jan , Freiberger Tomas , Melenovsky Vojtech , Kautzner Josef , Kalina Tomas , Sikora Jakub , Kubanek Milos 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsDanon disease (DD) is a rare X‐linked disorder caused by mutations in the lysosomal‐associated membrane protein type 2 gene (LAMP2). DD is difficult to distinguish from other causes of dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in female patients. As DD female patients regularly progress into advanced heart failure (AHF) aged 20–40 years, their early identification is critical to improve patient survival and facilitate genetic counselling. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of DD among female patients with non‐ischemic cardiomyopathy, who reached AHF and were younger than 40 years.Methods and resultsThe study cohort comprised 60 female patients: 47 (78%) heart transplant recipients, 2 (3%) patients treated with ventricular assist device, and 11 (18%) patients undergoing pre‐transplant assessment. Aetiology of the cardiomyopathy was known in 15 patients (including two DD patients). LAMP2 expression in peripheral white blood cells (WBC) was tested by flow cytometry (FC) in the remaining 45 female patients. Whole exome sequencing was used as an alternative independent testing method to FC. Five additional female DD patients (two with different novel LAMP2 mutations) were identified by FC. The total prevalence of DD in this cohort was 12%. HCM phenotype (57% vs. 9%, *P = 0.022) and delta waves identified by electrocardiography (43% vs. 0%, **P = 0.002) were significantly more frequent in DD female patients.ConclusionsDanon disease is an underdiagnosed cause of AHF in young female patients. LAMP2 expression testing in peripheral WBCs by FC can be used as an effective screening/diagnostic tool to identify DD in this patient population.
Daylight luminescence system for silicon solar panels based on a bias switching method
Authors: Guada Miguel , Moretón Ángel , Rodríguez‐Conde Sofía , Sánchez Luis Alberto , Martínez Mario , González Miguel Ángel , Jiménez Juan , Pérez Leonardo , Parra Vicente , Martínez Oscar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAmong the many characterization techniques for solar panel testing, two, electroluminescence (EL) and photoluminescence (PL), can provide useful visual information about the presence of different types of cell defects. EL is performed outdoors by night in commercial solar plants due to the very weak luminescence emission compared to sunlight. PL faces the added difficulty of needing to find a large‐area homogeneous light source to excite the modules. Since nighttime work poses many drawbacks and risks, a daylight outdoor EL/PL system would be useful for offering safe inspection of solar plants. We present daylight luminescence techniques based on a bias switching method, in which a pulsed luminescence signal is obtained by alternating the polarization state of the solar panels, synchronizing it with the luminescence image detection by an InGaAs camera. Fast switching and selecting an optimized exposure time are key to achieving high‐quality images. The daylight luminescence method described herein allows both EL and PL luminescence images to be obtained, even under high solar irradiance conditions.
Secrecy outage probability in energy harvesting aided underlay cognitive radio network under eavesdroppers scenarios
Authors: Odeyemi Kehinde O. , Owolawi Pius A. , Olakanmi Oladayo O. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the secrecy outage probability (SOP) of an energy harvesting aided underlay single input multiple output cognitive radio network under the multiple eavesdroppers is investigated. It is assumed that all the channels within the network are subjected to Nakagami‐m distributions. In order to quantify the secrecy performance of the concerned network, two eavesdroppers' scenarios are considered and this includes: Colluding Eavesdropping and noncolluding Eavesdropping. Based on these, the SOP closed‐form expressions are derived for the network under the two scenarios. Our findings illustrate that the network under the noncolluding eavesdropping scenario achieve better secrecy outage performance compared with colluding eavesdropping mode. Furthermore, the impact of number of eavesdroppers Ne, the number of antennas equipped at eavesdroppers Ae as well as fading parameter of the wiretap channel me on the network secrecy outage performance are demonstrated. Finally, the accuracy of the derived expressions is validated through the Monte‐Carlo simulations.
Impact of antimicrobial stewardship and rapid diagnostics in children with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia
Authors: Welch Stephanie N. , Patel Rupal M. , Morris Lee E. , Dassner Aimee M. , Rozario Nigel L. , Forrester Jeanne B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionRapid diagnostic testing (RDT) in combination with antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) has been associated with improved outcomes in adults with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB); however, pediatric data are limited.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study was to assess the clinical impact of concomitant implementation of an ASP and RDT in children with SAB.MethodsThis pre‐post quasi‐experimental study compared time to optimal antibiotic in children with SAB in 2015/2016 (pre‐intervention [PRE]) and 2017/2018 (post‐intervention [POST]). During the PRE period there was no RDT or ASP available. However, in the POST period, RDT was performed on all positive blood cultures, followed by feedback from an ASP. Secondary outcomes included time to effective antibiotic, antibiotic exposure, duration of bacteremia, hospital length of stay (LOS), transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU), SAB recurrence, and inpatient mortality.ResultsSixty‐eight patients were included in the study (PRE: n = 32, POST: n = 36). Median time to optimal antibiotic therapy decreased by 23 hours (PRE: 44.3 hours vs POST: 21.3 hours; P = .008). Duration of bacteremia (PRE: 65 hours vs POST: 40.9 hours; P = .03) and inpatient mortality (PRE: 12.5% vs POST: 0%; P = .04) were also reduced. However, further review revealed that only one death was related to SAB. Differences in time to effective therapy, antibiotic exposure, and hospital LOS were not significantly different between the groups. There were similar rates of infectious disease (ID) consultation (PRE: 78% vs POST: 89%, P = .23), but a shorter time to central line removal in the POST group (PRE: 68.2 hours vs POST: 19.8 hours; P = .04). Throughout the study period, recurrence of SAB only occurred in one patient (PRE).ConclusionASP interventions, facilitated by RDT, resulted in a shorter time to optimal antibiotic therapy in children with SAB. Although these interventions may have led to improved overall SAB management, further studies are needed to confirm clinical benefits.
3D‐Printed high‐NA catadioptric thin lens for suppression of XPM background in Stimulated Raman Scattering microscopy
Authors: Bertoncini Andrea , Laptenok Sergey P. , Genchi Luca , Rajamanickam Vijayakumar P. , Liberale Carlo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractStimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) is a fast chemical imaging technique with remarkable bioscience applications. Cross Phase Modulation (XPM) is a ubiquitous nonlinear phenomenon that can create spurious background signals that render difficult a high‐contrast imaging in SRS measurements. The XPM‐induced signal is usually suppressed using high numerical aperture (NA) microscope objectives or condensers to collect the transmitted excitation beam. However, these high NA optics feature short working distances, hence they are not compatible with stage‐top incubators, that are necessary to perform live‐cell time‐lapse experiments in controlled environments. Here, we show a 3D printed high NA compact catadioptric lens that fits inside stage‐top incubators and allows the collection of XPM‐free SRS signals. The lens delivers SRS images and spectra with a quality comparable to a signal collection with a high‐NA microscope objective. We also demonstrate the compatibility of the 3D printed lens with other nonlinear microscopies usually associated with SRS in multimodal microscopes.
Model‐Based Determination of Elotuzumab Pharmacokinetics in Japanese Patients With Multiple Myeloma Incorporating Time‐Varying M Protein
Authors: Ide Takafumi , Roy Amit , Imai Yasuhiko , Vezina Heather E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA population pharmacokinetic model was developed to evaluate the effects of Japanese ethnicity, prior line of therapy (0 or ≥1), time‐varying M protein, and maintenance dosing regimens (10 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks or 20 mg/kg intravenously every 4 weeks beginning in cycle 19) on the pharmacokinetics of elotuzumab in patients with multiple myeloma treated with elotuzumab plus lenalidomide/dexamethasone. Elotuzumab pharmacokinetics were characterized by a 2‐compartment model with parallel linear (nonspecific) and Michaelis‐Menten elimination from the central compartment and target‐mediated elimination from the peripheral compartment. Asian race on nonspecific clearance (CL) and central volume of distribution, prior line of therapy on CL, and maximum target‐mediated elimination rate (Vmax) were statistically significant but not considered clinically relevant (magnitude < 20%). Time‐varying M protein on Vmax was statistically significant, and the magnitude was >20%; however, clinical implications in the setting of combination therapy were not expected. Model‐predicted steady‐state elotuzumab exposure in cycle 12 were similar in Japanese and non‐Japanese patients and in Japanese patients with 0 and ≥1 prior lines of therapy. Elotuzumab 20 mg/kg intravenously every 4 weeks beginning in cycle 19 produced time‐averaged concentrations similar to elotuzumab 10 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks, although maximum and minimum concentrations after elotuzumab 20 mg/kg intravenous every‐4‐week dosing were slightly higher and lower, respectively. In conclusion, the current analysis demonstrates that Japanese ethnicity, prior line of therapy, time‐varying M protein, and change in elotuzumab dosing regimen in cycle 19 have no clinically meaningful impact on elotuzumab pharmacokinetics and exposure in Japanese patients with multiple myeloma.
Estimation of Attainment of Steady‐State Conditions for Compounds With a Long Half‐Life
Authors: Krause Andreas , Lott Dominik , Dingemanse Jasper 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHalf‐life is a standard result reported with analysis of pharmacokinetic data. Different definitions such as noncompartmental half‐life, terminal half‐life, effective half‐life, and context‐sensitive half‐life can yield substantially different estimates of the quantity “half‐life.” Time to attainment of steady‐state conditions is generally derived from (terminal) half‐life and therefore sensitive toward the definition of half‐life. Thus, estimates of the time to attain steady state must be provided with a precise definition of steady state and the method used for estimation, particularly for drugs with long (terminal) half‐life. For clinical purposes, terminal half‐life can have limited relevance if drug concentrations in the terminal elimination phase are low. A general rule for which half‐life to use is infeasible. While limited accumulation can be negligible if a plateau in pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics is reached or with a wide therapeutic window (ie, exposure range), small additional drug accumulation can be highly relevant for drugs with a narrow therapeutic window. Beyond the average, estimation of individual time to attainment of steady state can add highly relevant information about the variability between subjects. Simulations from population models and the use of different definitions of steady state provide an assessment of robustness of the results. The relevance of accurate estimation of time to attainment of steady state is illustrated with cenerimod, an sphingosine‐1‐phosphate 1 receptor modulator with long half‐life currently in clinical development for which estimates of time to steady state ranged from 35 to 110 days with different calculations.
Assessment of cadmium toxicity and its possible effects on goldfish (Carassius auratus), employing microscopy and biochemical techniques
Authors: Noor Zohaib , Khan Syed Allauddin , Noor Mannal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate and compare the toxicity level of dietary and waterborne Cadmium (Cd) source on the Goldfish Carassius auratus (C. auratus) using various biochemical and microscopic shreds of evidence. C. auratus were divided into two groups based on Cadmium supplementation methods subjected to the same concentrations in the diet and water; moreover, control (Ctrl) group was set up for comparison. Dietary supplemented group (DSG) group and (Aqueous supplemented groups) ASG were supplied with 0.5% of the Cadmium. Successful completion of the study resulted in the lucrative outcomes, and we noticed significantly high concentrations of Cadmium in the gills of the ASG fish while considerably low levels in the gills of DSG. Histopathological evidence showed clear and distinct changes in the liver cells, dilated sinusoids and unusual occurrence of Kupffer cells were noticed in the AS group fish. At the same time, there were also noticeable changes in the DS group compared to CTRL. Visible changes can be seen on the outer morphology of gills, lamella of ASG and DSG both were shrunk and broken, similar changes were noticed in the muscles myoepithelium. The stress parameters were differentially expressed in both the groups; waterborne Cadmium caused a pronounced release of AST, ALT, cortisol, and glucose concentrations. Comparative mortality showed the highest death rate in the ASG fish compared to DSG fish. The present study depicts the highest toxicity of Cadmium in the soluble Addendum form moreover, administered route and time length are crucial factors.
Improved electroretinographic responses following dietary intervention in a patient with Refsum disease
Authors: Benson Matthew D. , MacDonald Ian M. , Sheehan Melissa , Jain Shailly 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRefsum disease is a rare inherited metabolic disorder arising from a defect in peroxisomal metabolism. Patients lack the functional enzyme phytanoyl‐CoA hydroxylase, resulting in perturbed alpha oxidation of fatty acids. Phytanic acid accumulates in nervous and adipose tissue and leads to several disease phenotypes including early‐onset retinal degeneration, hearing loss, peripheral neuropathy, anosmia, and cerebellar ataxia, among others. Currently, restricting dietary phytanic acid is the only means of altering the chronic sequelae and the disease course. While dietary intervention has been demonstrated to improve peripheral neuropathy, ichthyosis, and ataxia, there have been no reports of improved retinal function in patients with Refsum disease. We describe the case of a 51‐year‐old patient with molecularly and biochemically confirmed Refsum disease who underwent electroretinography before and after beginning a phytanic acid‐restricted diet. His post‐intervention 30 Hz flicker electroretinogram demonstrated significantly improved waveform amplitudes and implicit times, suggesting improved retinal function. Thus, we propose that the possibility exists for some visual recovery in these patients and we highlight the utility of performing standardized electroretinography to assess treatment response in Refsum disease.
Numerical modeling and parameters extraction of novel triple hole block layer‐based organic light‐emitting diode for display
Authors: Negi Shubham , Mittal Poornima , Kumar Brijesh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDepth knowledge regarding device internal physics is very essential, and its application aids to develop innovative methods for device performance enhancement. Taking this point into cognizance, the present article introduced a novel triple hole block layer (HBL) organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) architecture and its analytical modeling based on Poisson's equation and drift diffusion equation. Compared with multilayered OLED and double HBL structure, the novel device depicted improvement of luminescence performance by 47% and 30% correspondingly, at a driving voltage of 18 V. Analytical analysis is undertaken to extract internal device parameters such as electron and hole concentration, their mobility, and current density. Analysis results revealed the reason for improved performance is higher electron concentration (2.53 * 1018), 5% increase over multilayered OLED. Additionally, it is observed that mismatch in electron and hole concentration is small in novel triple HBL OLED and compared with multilayered OLED, the mismatch is lower by 63%. Therefore, objective to achieve a balanced electron and hole concentration is achieved by utilization of triple HBL OLED without increasing the overall device dimension.
Effects of Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound of Indeterminate Renal Masses on Patient Clinical Management
Authors: Eisenbrey John R. , Kamaya Aya , Gummadi Sriharsha , Bird Kristen , Burrowes David , Arias Diego , Lallas Costas D. , Trabulsi Edouard J. , Lyshchik Andrej 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate the long‐term impact of contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) on the treatment of patients with indeterminate renal masses.MethodsIn this retrospective study, consecutive charts of all patients receiving renal CEUS at 1 of 2 academic medical centers between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2018, were reviewed. Patients were included in the study if they had documented chronic renal disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) or prior nephrectomy and received CEUS for a previously untreated renal mass.ResultsA total of 215 lesions in 157 patients were used for analysis. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound provided a final treatment recommendation in 71.6% of lesions (154 of 215). Of these 154 lesions, 7.8% (12 of 154) were lost to follow‐up despite CEUS suggesting malignancy; 15.6% (24 of 154) went directly for surgical intervention, with malignancy confirmed by pathologic results in 87.5% (21 of 24) of these cases; and the remaining 76.6% (118 of 154) were deemed benign and required no additional follow‐up. Of the 118 lesions diagnosed by CEUS as benign and requiring no follow‐up, none showed evidence of later renal cell carcinoma development and, only 5.1% (6 of 118) of the total population was referred for further cross‐sectional imaging of the mass in question. In 28.4% of all lesions (61 of 215), CEUS resulted in a recommendation for surveillance imaging at a 6‐ to 12‐month interval, and less than 10% (6 of 61) of these underwent additional cross‐sectional imaging within the recommended 6 months after CEUS.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the impact of CEUS on clinical treatment of indeterminate renal masses, including reducing the use of the potentially nephrotoxic contrast agents and providing a direct pathway to transplant.