bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A biomechanical study after combined reconstruction of the anterior cruciate and anterolateral ligaments: Comparison between anatomic anterolateral ligament reconstruction and lateral tenodesis using the modified Lemaire technique
Authors: Delaloye Jean-Romain , Hartog christoph , Blatter Samuel , Müller Dominik , Schläppi Michel , Denzler Dario , Murar Jozef , Koch Peter 
Published: February 2020

Objectives: To determine the stabilizing role of the anterolateral ligament reconstruction (ALLR) and the modified Lemaire lateral extraarticular tenodesis (LET) performed in combination with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and to determine if one of these two procedures was superior to the other. Methods: Six non paired cadaveric knees were tested with a 6 degrees of freedom robotic system (KUKA Robotics). Internal rotation and anterior tibial translation were measured between 0 and 90° knee flexion after applying 5 N-m Torque and a 134-N anterior load, respectively. A full kinematics assessment was performed in each following conditions: intact knee, after section of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), after section of the ACL and anterolateral ligament (ALL) and Kaplan fibers, after isolated ACLR, after combined ACLR+LET and ACLR+ALLR. ALLR was performed using Gracilis tendon while central strip of the ilio-tibial band was used for the modified Lemaire procedure. These different states were compared using a Tukey paired comparison test. Results: In combined ACL and anterolateral deficient knee, anterior translation and internal rotation remained significantly increased after isolated ACLR compared to intact knee (+2.33 ± 1.44 mm and +1.98 ± 1.06°; p > 0.01). On the other hand, the addition of an ALLR or a modified Lemaire LET to the ACLR allowed to restore anterior translation and internal rotation to values similar to the intact knee. Finally, the two anterolateral procedures had not significantly different values in both tests. This difference was 0.67 ± 1.46 mm for anterior translation (p=0.79) and 0.11 ± 1.11° for internal rotation (p=0.99). Conclusion: In ACL and anterolateral deficient knee, combined ACLR and anterolateral reconstruction allowed restoration of native stability of the knee in anterior translation and internal rotation contrary to isolated ACLR. Additionally, both types of extra-articular reconstruction, ALLR or modified Lemaire procedure, were similar in terms of restoring knee kinematics and neither overconstrained the knee.
Quantitative analysis of airway obstruction in lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Authors: Verleden Stijn E. , Vanstapel Arno , De Sadeleer Laurens , Weynand Birgit , Boone Matthieu , Verbeken Erik , Piloni Davide , Van Raemdonck Dirk , Ackermann Maximilian , Jonigk Danny D. , Verschakelen Johny , Wuyts Wim A. 
Published: February 2020

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, cystic lung disease with progressive pulmonary function loss caused by progressively proliferating LAM cells. The degree of airway obstruction has not been well investigated within the pathogenesis of LAM.Using a combination ofex vivocomputed tomography (CT), microCT and histology, the site and nature of airway obstruction in LAM explant lungs was compared with matched control lungs (n=5 each). The total number of airways per generation, total airway counts, terminal bronchioles number and surface density were compared in LAMversuscontrol.Ex vivoCT analysis demonstrated a reduced number of airways from generation 7 on (p<0.0001) in LAM compared with control, whereas whole-lung microCT analysis confirmed the three- to four-fold reduction in the number of airways. Specimen microCT analysis further demonstrated a four-fold decrease in the number of terminal bronchioles (p=0.0079) and a decreased surface density (p=0.0079). Serial microCT and histology images directly showed the loss of functional airways by collapse of airways on the cysts and filling of the airway by exudate.LAM lungs show a three- to four-fold decrease in the number of (small) airways, caused by cystic destruction which is the likely culprit for the progressive loss of pulmonary function.
Aberrant anti-viral response of natural killer cells in severe asthma
Authors: Devulder Justine , Chenivesse Cécile , Ledroit Valérie , Fry Stéphanie , Lobert Pierre-Emmanuel , Hober Didier , Tsicopoulos Anne , Duez Catherine 
Published: February 2020

Rhinovirus infections are the main cause of asthma exacerbations. As natural killer (NK) cells are important actors of the antiviral innate response, we aimed at evaluating the functions of NK cells from severe asthma patients in response to rhinovirus-like molecules or rhinoviruses.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with severe asthma and healthy donors were stimulated with pathogen-like molecules or with the rhinoviruses (RV)-A9 and RV-2. NK cell activation, degranulation and interferon (IFN)-γ expression were analysed.NK cells from severe asthma patients were less cytotoxic than those from healthy donors in response to toll-like receptor (TLR)3, TLR7/8 or RV-A9 but not in response to RV-2 stimulation. Furthermore, when cultured with interleukin (IL)-12+IL-15, cytokines which are produced during viral infections, NK cells from patients with severe asthma were less cytotoxic and expressed less IFN-γ than NK cells from healthy donors. NK cells from severe asthmatics exhibited an exhausted phenotype, with an increased expression of the checkpoint molecule Tim-3.Together, our findings indicate that the activation of NK cells from patients with severe asthma may be insufficient during some but not all respiratory infections. The exhausted phenotype may participate in NK cell impairment and aggravation of viral-induced asthma exacerbation in these patients.
High-dose nitrate therapy recovers the expression of subtypes α1 and β-adrenoceptors and Ang II receptors of the renal cortex in rats with myocardial infarction-induced heart failures
Authors: Peng Yubo , Li Yanfang , Chen Mengmeng , Song Junying , Jiang Zhili , Shi Shutian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Few studies examined the effect of long-acting nitrates on renal function in chronic heart failure (CHF). Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of long-acting nitrate on the expression of adrenoceptors (AR) and angiotensin II receptor (ATR) subtypes of the renal cortex, in rats with myocardial infarction-induced CHF.

Methods
Rats were randomly divided into the following groups: control, sham-operated, CHF, low- and high-dose nitrate, positive drug control (olmesartan), and high-dose of long-acting nitrate + olmesartan. Ultrasound echocardiography markers were compared, and the levels of AR subtypes, AT1R, and AT2R were measured using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Histopathology of the kidney was determined on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections.

Results
CHF significantly increased plasma renin activity (PRA) and angiotensin II levels, upregulated AT1R expression and downregulated α1A-, β1-, β2-AR, and AT2R expression compared to the sham control. High-dose nitrate or olmesartan alone, and especially in combination, decreased the levels of PRA and angiotensin II and downregulated the CHF-induced expression of AT1R, α1A-, β1-, and β2-AR, and AT2R. CHF resulted in significant impairment of the renal tissue, including inflammatory cells infiltration to the tubular interstitium and surrounding the renal glomerulus, and tubular necrosis, which was alleviated in all treatment groups to different degrees.

Conclusions
Long-acting nitrates could reverse CHF-induced changes in AR and ATR subtypes in the kidney, and improve cardiac function to protect renal function. Compared with monotherapy, the combination of nitrates and olmesartan shows more significant benefits in regulating AR and ATR subtypes.
Dynamic structural impacts of oil shocks on exchange rates: lessons to learn
Authors: Ji Qiang , Shahzad Syed Jawad Hussain , Bouri Elie , Suleman Muhammad Tahir 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study explores the dynamic effects of different oil shocks on real exchange rates in net oil importers and exporters. Specifically, the connectedness measures are combined with the structural vector autoregressive model. The findings show that oil supply shocks have a larger depreciating influence on exchange rates in oil exporters than in importers. All countries are generally more sensitive to oil-specific demand shocks, and this sensitivity can lead to a significant appreciation in real exchange rates, except in Japan and the United Kingdom. Further, the spillover effect between oil shocks and exchange rates has strengthened after the global financial crisis of 2007–08. Our findings provide useful implications for the policy-makers and market risk managers to effectively avoid exchange rate risk induced by oil shocks.
A trans‐ethnic two‐stage polygenetic scoring analysis detects genetic correlation between osteoporosis and schizophrenia
Authors: Liu Li , Wen Yan , Ning Yujie , Li Ping , Cheng Bolun , Cheng Shiqiang , Zhang Lu , Ma Mei , Qi Xin , Liang Chujun , Yang Tielin , Chen Xiangding , Tan Lijun , Shen Hui , Tian Qing , Deng Hong‐Wen , Ma Xiancang , Zhang Feng , Zhu Feng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundsTo explore the genetic correlation between schizophrenia (SCZ) and osteoporosis (OP).Design, setting, participants, measurementsWe conducted a trans‐ethnic two‐stage genetic correlation analysis of OP and SCZ, totally invoking 2286 Caucasia subjects in discovery stage and 4124 Chinese subjects in replication stage. The bone mineral density (BMD) and bone area values of ulna & radius, hip and spine were measured using Hologic 4500W dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry machine. SCZ was diagnosed according to DSM‐IV criteria. For the genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of Caucasian OP, Chinese OP and Chinese SCZ, SNP genotyping was performed using Affymetrix SNP 6.0 array. For the GWAS of Caucasian SCZ, SNP genotyping was conducted using the Affymetrix 5.0 array, Affymetrix 6.0 array and Illumina 550 K array. Polygenetic risk scoring (PRS) analysis was conducted by PRSice software. Also, Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LD Score regression) analysis was performed to evaluate the genetic correlation between OP and SCZ. Multi‐trait analysis of GWAS (MTAG) was performed to detect novel candidate genes for osteoporosis and SCZ.ResultsIn the Caucasia discovery samples, significant genetic correlations were observed for ulna & radius BMD vs. SCZ (P value = 0.010), ulna & radius area vs. SCZ (P value = 0.031). In the Chinese replication samples, we observed significant correlation for ulna & radius area vs. SCZ (P value = 0.019). In addition, LD Score regression also identified significant genetic correlations between SCZ and bone phenotypes in Caucasian and Chinese sample respectively. MTAG analysis identified several novel candidate genes, such as CTNNA2 (MTAG P value = 2.24 × 10−6) for SCZ and FADS2 (MTAG P value = 2.66 × 10−7) for osteoporosis.ConclusionsOur study results support the overlapped genetic basis for osteoporosis and SCZ, and provide novel clues for elucidating the biological mechanism of increased osteoporosis risk in SCZ patients.
Differential synapse density between Purkinje cell dendritic spine and parallel fiber varicosity in the rat cerebellum among the phylogenic lobules
Authors: Kim Hyun-Wook , Oh Seung Hak , Lee Se Jeong , Na Ji eun , Rhyu Im Joo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe cerebellum is a region of the brain that plays an important role in motor control. It is classified phylogenetically into archicerebellum, paleocerebellum and neocerebellum. The Purkinje cells are lined in a row called Purkinje cell layer and it has a unique dendritic branches with many spines.The previous study reported that there is a difference of synapse density according to the lobules based on large two-dimensional data. However, recent study with high voltage electron microscopy showed there was no differences in dendritic spine density of the Purkinje cell according to its phylogenetic lobule. We analyzed Purkinje cell density in the II, VI and X lobules by stereological modules and synaptic density was estimated by double disector based on Purkinje cell density in the molecular layer of each lobule.The results showed that there was significant difference in the Purkinje cell density and synapse number according to their phylogenetic lobules. The number of Purkinje cell in a given volume was larger in the archicerebellum, but synapse density was higher in the neocerebellum.These data suggest that cellular and synaptic organization of the Purkinje cell is different according to their phylogenetic background.
Autonomous vans - the planning process of transport tasks
Authors: Nieoczym Aleksander , Caban Jacek , Dudziak Agnieszka , Stoma Monika 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAutonomous vehicles are gaining more and more followers and are becoming a reality. Although the total change of the transport system to an autonomous one still remains a big challenge, the development of navigation, control and supervision systems for vehicles gives hope for an autonomous future. The article describes the rules for choosing a route and the process of outsourcing transport tasks. The formulas for calculating the values of indicators characterizing the transport process are provided in the simple case when vehicles move along a fixed route where there are no disturbances. Additionally, the theory of Markov random systems was used to determine the system capacity, average queue length for servicing and the average number of requests.
Application of virtual and augmented reality in automotive
Authors: Čujan Zdeněk , Fedorko Gabriel , Mikušová Nikoleta 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, virtual reality enters engineering work. It is widely used in various sectors. It brings new possibilities that result is increasing of productivity and reliability of production, quality of products and processes. One of the areas where virtual reality has been used more and more is logistics. Virtual reality and especially augmented reality offer above all in the area of logistics a perspective related with increasing of effectiveness of processes.Wide possibilities for virtual reality use in logistics can be found in the automotive industry. The paper describes an application of the method of video-mapping in storage logistics. The paper also describes its practical use as a tool for increasing the efficiency of logistics processes, which was presented by a reduction of the processing time of the shipment picking by 10%. The paper also points out the possibilities for applying this method in other industrial areas, it is possible to use the experience gained in automotive and described in this paper.
Single-Pulse TMS over the Parietal Cortex Does Not Impair Sensorimotor Perturbation-Induced Changes in Motor Commands
Authors: Savoie Félix-Antoine , Dallaire-Jean Lauranne , Thénault François , Whittingstall Kevin , Bernier Pierre-Michel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntermittent exposure to a sensorimotor perturbation, such as a visuomotor rotation, is known to cause a directional bias on the subsequent movement that opposes the previously experienced perturbation. To date, it is unclear whether the parietal cortex is causally involved in this postperturbation movement bias. In a recent electroencephalogram study, Savoie et al. (2018) observed increased parietal activity in response to an intermittent visuomotor perturbation, raising the possibility that the parietal cortex could subserve this change in motor behavior. The goal of the present study was to causally test this hypothesis. Human participants (N = 28) reached toward one of two visual targets located on either side of a fixation point, while being pseudorandomly submitted to a visuomotor rotation. On half of all rotation trials, single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied over the right (N = 14) or left (N = 14) parietal cortex 150 ms after visual feedback provision. To determine whether TMS influenced the postperturbation bias, reach direction was compared on trials that followed rotation with (RS + 1) and without (R + 1) TMS. It was hypothesized that interfering with parietal activity would reduce the movement bias following rotated trials. Results revealed a significant and robust postrotation directional bias compared with both rotation and null rotation trials. Contrary to our hypothesis, however, neither left nor right parietal stimulation significantly impacted the postrotation bias. These data suggest that the parietal areas targeted here may not be critical for perturbation-induced motor output changes to emerge.
Application of Analysis of the Statistical Data to Formation of the State Order for the Teacher Training
Authors: Januškevičius Romanas , Pumputis Dalius 
Published: February 2020

As a source of socially significant information, statistics plays an important role in the modern society. Inability to value and understand this role can be referred to as statistical illiteracy, which can cause some negative tendencies in the development of social processes. In such activities, a disregard of statistical data analysis can lead to an inefficient use of public funds. The paper deals with the illustration of the application of statistical regularities in such an important area of education as the formation of the state order in the process of teacher training. However, the main purpose of this paper is not only to show that the reduced number of study vouchers is not proportional to the reduced number of teachers working at secondary schools but also to emphasise that the structure of the state order for teacher training is totally unbalanced, and, in fact, is being formed without training of a young generation of mathematics, informatics, biology, geography, chemistry, physics and astronomy teachers.
Family Benefit Reform in Lithuania: Microsimulation of Its Distributional Impacts
Authors: Salanauskaitė Lina , Verbist Gerlinde 
Published: February 2020

The paper explores to what extent the Lithuanian family benefit system is able to reduce inequality and poverty among families with children, with poverty reduction being one of the major aims. Family benefits underwent a major reform in2004, which entailed a shift from means-tested benefits to a more universal system. Due to budget constraints, the implementation of the full reform design has been postponed until 2008. No distributional impact analysis of this reform, either of its initial or of its final designs, has been implemented yet. Furthermore, we analyse whether the gains from the newly designed system of family benefits are not outweighed by respective losses in social assistance benefits. To conduct such an analysis, we develop a partial static microsimulation model based on the EU-SILC (household income and living conditions) survey. The model is programmed in STATA statistical software. Our findings show that, despite small income improvements brought by the reform, its overall child poverty reduction effectiveness is limited. Moreover, the interaction of a family benefit with the social assistance system implies that some household types are relatively “bigger” winners compared to others. For example, our research reveals that single-parent households would obtain income gains comparable to those of large families only when the full reform scenario is implemented. If considering indirect effects (i.e. the loss of social assistance benefits), their relative gains become even smaller.
Harald Cramér – A Great Statistician
Authors: Thorburn Daniel 
Published: February 2020

Harald Cramér is one of the great persons in the history of mathematical statistics and insurance mathematics in the twentieth century. He is perhaps the most well known Swedish statistician in modern time. The editor of “Lithuanian Journal of Statistics” has kindly asked me to write some notes on Harald Cramér, may be because my supervisor was one of Cramér’s pupils. I am not the best person to do so, but I will do my best. At the end I will also give some references for those who want to read more about Cramér.
Model Kegiatan Dakwah di Instansi TNI AU
Authors: Putri Nurhamidah Garini , Sulthonie Ahmad Agus , Solahudin Dindin 
Published: February 2020

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model kegiatan dakwah dengan ragam kegiatan khithobah di Lanud Wiriadinata Tasikmalaya melalui proses, bentuk dan faktor pendukung yang bisa dijadikan contoh oleh instansi lain di Indonesia, khususnya instansi TNI AU. Penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan metode deskriptif pendekatan kualitatif. Metode ini digunakan untuk memaparkan dan menceritakan fakta-fakta yang terjadi pada kegiatan khithobah di Lanud Wiriadinata melalui tahap observasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian proses kegiatan khithobah di Lanud Wiriadinata dilakukan secara bertahap yaitu: perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Bentuk dakwah yang digunakan dalam kegiatan tersebut dengan cara pembinaan yang disampaikan melalui Tabligh Khithobah. Dan yang menjadi faktor pendukung kegiatan tersebut secara internal dari Personel Lanud Wiriadinata dan secara eksternal dari lingkungan sekitar.
The purpose of this paper is to know the model of dakwah activities with various khithobah activity in Lanud Wiriadinata Tasikmalaya through the process, shape and supporting factors that can be used as examples by other agencies in Indonesia, especially for TNI AU. This research conducted using descriptive qualitative approach method. This method is used to explain and tell facts about the facts that occurred in the activity of khithobah in Lanud Wiriadinata through the observation and interview stages. The research’s result of khithobah activity process in Lanud Wiriadinata is done gradually, that is: planning, organizing, implementing and evaluating. The form of dakwah used in the activity by means of coaching through Tabligh Khithobah. And the supporting factors in this activity internally are the personnel of Lanud Wiriadinata and externally is the surrounding environment.
BRAÇO ROBÓTICO PARA POSICIONAMENTO DE UM SISTEMA DE VISÃO ARTIFICIAL PARA MONITORAR DESGASTE DE FERRAMENTA DE USINAGEM DE UM TORNO CONVENCIONAL
Authors: Khoury Junior Joseph Kalil , Vidal Raphael Neves Freitas , Almeida Igor Goulart , Lucas Eliene Oliveira , Villibor Geice Paula Villibor 
Published: February 2020

O estado de desgaste e avarias da ferramenta de corte (inserto) durante o processo de usinagem é um dos fatores que influenciam diretamente na fabricação de uma peça e nas tolerâncias dimensionais e acabamento da mesma. O monitoramento do inserto pode evitar a perda de peças e a reposição do mesmo, além de evitar a troca antes da real necessidade. Deste modo, o objetivo foi construir um braço robótico para automatizar o processo de aquisição de imagens do inserto de corte em um torno mecânico. Para isso foi desenvolvido um manipulador robótico que de forma automática adquire imagem do inserto no torno e analisa a integridade da mesma com o auxílio de um software. Nesse trabalho foi desenvolvida a parte mecânica, eletrônica e de programação do manipulador robótico de modo que ele seja capaz de posicionar o microscópio digital para aquisição de imagens com alta repetitividade. Por fim, foi necessário acresentar um sistema de malha fechada que garantiu alta acurácia e precisão do sistema.