bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Spirituality as a Forgotten Variable in the Contexts of Communities of Faith and Education
Authors: Manning Lydia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to describe the lived experience of aging in communities of faith, more specifically how older adults experienced social support. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 older adults ranging in age from 63 to 84 years of age. Grounded Theory coding techniques were applied to identify themes. Findings include people feeling supported by community, connections, and beliefs, but also failed regarding opportunities for elder ministry or other types of worship. Participants expressed wanting more intentional opportunities for engagement. Many participants described the desire for an “expert” in their communities of faith. We consider the culture of support and how communities of faith may need to reconsider traditional ways of meeting the needs of people as they age. Furthermore, we explore the creation of educational tools that may allow for the emergence of an aging specialist in communities of faith.
Creating Inclusive Design Experiences Through Engaging Seniors With Disabilities in Student Hackathons
Authors: Sanford Jon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Although voice-activated assistants (e.g., Amazon Alexa) have become smarter, faster, more personalized, and more ubiquitous, little is known about their potential to promote aging in place for people with disabilities. Partnering with Amazon’s Alexa team, a 2-month long design competition and hackathon was conducted to inspire college students to develop innovative voice-activated solutions to support successful aging with disabilities. This presentation will cover the specific inclusive experiences used to immerse student teams in the daily lives of the target population to ensure that design solutions responded to real needs of real people in real environments. These included: lectures on current research findings about the everyday needs and challenges of the target users as well as universal design approaches to solving those problems; a survey of individuals currently using voice-activated assistants to understand their benefits and potential uses; and providing target with Alexa-enabled devices and embedding them into the hackathon teams.
Chronic Condition Discordance and Physical Activity: Longitudinal Associations Among Older Couples
Authors: Polenick Courtney , Birditt Kira , Turkelson Angela , Kales Helen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Chronic condition discordance (i.e., the extent that two or more conditions have non-overlapping self-management requirements) is detrimental for functional health but little is known about mechanisms accounting for these associations. We examined links between chronic condition discordance at both the individual level and the couple level (i.e., between spouses) and physical activity over time. Participants included 1,095 couples from five waves (2006-2014) of the Health and Retirement Study. Dyadic growth curve models showed that greater individual-level discordance was associated with lower baseline physical activity among individuals and their partners. When husbands had greater individual-level discordance, wives and husbands had faster declines in physical activity. The findings highlight the importance of considering both members of a couple when examining the implications of chronic illness for physical activity in middle and later life.
Improving Respect and Dignity of Older Lesbian Adults: Interprofessional Approaches for Specialized Care
Authors: Rowan Noell , Smith Stephanie , Arms Tamatha , Hohn Kris 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Interprofessional research pertaining to LGBTQ older adult cultural sensitivity training for social workers and nurses is often missing in the empirical literature. Members of the LGBTQ communities become increasingly vulnerable to health disparities as they age and treating clients with respect and dignity is at the forefront of this study. Students and faculty engaged in an interprofessional simulation project with older members of the LGBTQ community to learn health knowledge and applied assessment and brief intervention skills. Quantitative findings (N=58; 23 social work; 35 nursing) indicated increased student health knowledge. Reflection and qualitative findings are included with four primary themes: (a) bias of health care providers, (b) access to quality care, (c) specific health care needs, and (d) health risks of LGBTQ older adults. Specific emphasis is given to reflection and insight of the older lesbian participants about access to care, recognition of significant relationships, and marriage equality.
How Active Older Adults Manage Their Mobility Needs: Transportation Insights From a Panel of Adults Ages 85+
Authors: D’Ambrosio Lisa , Rudnik John , Lee Chaiwoo , Patskanick Taylor , Miller Julie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Research suggests that adults experience tremendous transportation challenges at ages 85 and over. As mobility has been tied to overall health and wellbeing, the implications are dire. In this study, the Lifestyle Leaders were surveyed to understand their experiences with different modes of transportation. Responses to a questionnaire (N = 18) and focus groups (N = 18) indicate that many of the Lifestyle Leaders are still driving and report satisfaction with their ability to get around. However, over the past 10 years, many participants have changed their attitudes toward driving and transportation in general. Some panelists cite issues of physical discomfort, increased time and energy spent planning trips, and an increased sense of dependence. Additional data suggest that decision making processes for selecting transportation modes have changed over time. This presentation will discuss policy and practice implications for older adults, caregivers, and transportation professionals.
Ideal Levels of Prosocial Involvement in Relation to Momentary Affect and Eudaimonia: Exploring the Golden Mean
Authors: Finley Kelsey , Axner Maria , Vrooman Katherine , Tse Dwight 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aristotle believed that happiness and success result from cultivating virtue at the mean between deficiency and excess - the golden mean. Some evidence suggests there is a golden mean of hours spent volunteering, where well-being benefits are maximized. Our study examined potential linear and nonlinear functions in the amount of time spent in prosocial work (PSW) in a day on the outcomes of eudaimonia, high arousal negative affect, and high arousal positive affect in a sample of high-commitment volunteers and prosocial leaders. In addition to nonlinear functions, interactions were explored. For example, we found that those who spend less time per week in PSW experience less negative affect when they spend more hours per day in PSW; however, those who spend more time per week in PSW experience more negative affect when they spend more hours per day in PSW. Additional findings for positive affect and eudaimonia will be discussed.
Sounds of Healthy Aging: Assessing Everyday Cognitive Activity From Real-Life Audio Data
Authors: Demiray Burcu , Luo Minxia , Grilli Matthew 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The healthy aging model of the World Health Organization (2015) highlights the value of assessing and monitoring everyday activities in understanding health in old age. This symposium includes four studies that used the Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR), a portable recording device that periodically collects sound snippets in everyday life, to assess various real-life cognitive activities in the context of healthy aging. The four studies collected over 100,000 sound snippets (30-seconds long) over a few days from young and older adults in the US and Switzerland. Participants’ speech in the sound snippets were transcribed and coded for different cognitive activity information. Specifically, Haas and Kliegel have investigated the “prospective memory paradox” by examining the commonality and differences in utterances about retrospective and prospective memory failure in young and older adults’ everyday conversations. Demiray and colleagues investigated the relation between autobiographical memory functions and conversation types in young and older adults in relation to well-being. Luo and colleagues have identified the compensatory function of real-world contexts in cognitive aging: Their study showed that older adults benefited from talking with their spouse in producing complex grammatical structures. Finally, Polsinelli and colleagues found robust associations between language markers (e.g., prepositions, more numbers) and executive functions, highlighting the potential use of spontaneous speech in predicting cognitive status in healthy older adults. Finally, Prof. Matthew Grilli will serve as a discussant and provide an integrative discussion of the papers, informed by his extensive work on clinical and cognitive neuroscience of memory in relation to real-life contexts.
Real-World Language Use With Familiar Versus Unfamiliar Interlocutors in Young and Older Adults
Authors: Luo Minxia , Debelak Rudolf , Schneider Gerold , Martin Mike , Demiray Burcu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Real-world contexts may compensate for age-related changes in language production. We compared age effects on vocabulary richness (i.e., entropy) and grammatical complexity (i.e., clause length) in conversations with familiar interlocutors (i.e., significant other, friends, family members) versus with strangers. We collected thousands of 30-seconds speech samples from 61 young and 48 healthy older adults across four days using a portable audio recording device — the Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR). Bayesian multilevel analyses showed that participants used richer vocabulary and more complex grammar with familiar interlocutors than strangers. Young adults used richer vocabulary than older adults. Furthermore, older adults produced equally complex grammar with the significant other as young adults did, but simpler grammar with friends and family members. We found no age group differences in grammatical complexity with strangers (lacking statistical power). In sum, familiarity with the significant other may benefit older adults in producing complex grammar in real-world conversations.
Mind Your Language: New Insights on Memory and Cognitive Aging Research Through Real-Life Methods
Authors: Haas Maximilian , Hering Alexandra , Kliegel Matthias 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In the past decades, the so-called “age - prospective memory paradox”– a phenomenon comparing prospective memory (PM) performance in and outside the lab – has challenged the classical assumption that older adults necessarily evidence a marked decline in PM functioning. In our study, we want to extend established methods for measuring memory through arising technologies, such as the Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR; Mehl, 2017). Over the course of three days, 60 younger adults (18-32 years) and 45 older adults (60-82 years) completed an ambulatory assessment with the EAR in order to detect spontaneous speech production related to memory and memory failures. Results reveal that younger and older adults do not differ in the total number of utterances related to different facets of memory and cognition. However, when it comes to failures, older adults talk significantly less about PM failures than younger adults. Possible explanations for these findings will be discussed.
The Bright Sides of Sadness in Late Life
Authors: Haase Claudia , Wu Deborah , Lwi Sandy , Verstaen Alice , Levenson Robert 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Sadness is often thought of as unpleasant and dysfunctional. Yet, evolutionary-functionalist approaches and discrete emotional aging frameworks suggest that sadness is an emotion that helps us deal with loss and thus may become particularly salient and adaptive in late life. This talk presents findings from a multi-study, multi-method research program using age-diverse samples and experimental and longitudinal study designs. Findings show (1) intact or elevated levels of sadness responding in late life (i.e., higher sadness expressions in response to distressing film clips; higher coherence between sad facial expressions and autonomic physiology in response to film clips depicting loss; stability in sadness behaviors in marital conflict interactions). Moreover, (2) higher levels of sadness responding are linked to adaptive outcomes in late life (i.e., higher social connectedness, higher compensatory control strategies) with some effects generalizing across age groups (i.e., links between sadness coherence and well-being). Implications for future research are discussed.
Correlates of Loneliness in Older Korean Americans: Interactive Effects of Negative Family Interactions
Authors: Park Nan Sook , Jang Yuri , Chiriboga David , Chung Soondool 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study examined factors affecting the feelings of loneliness among older Korean Americans. Data were drawn from a survey with older Korean Americans aged 60 or over (N = 2,150) in five states (California, New York, Texas, Hawaii, and Florida), conducted during 2017−2018. In hierarchical multiple regression models, loneliness was regressed on five blocks of variables: (1) demographic/health (age, gender, education, financial status, chronic conditions, and physical disabilities); (2) immigration-related (length of stay in the U.S., and acculturation); (3) social engagement (having meals alone, family network, friend network, activity participation, and community engagement); (4) negative family interactions; and (5) interactions of negative family interactions with social engagement variables. A significant interaction was found in the relationship between friend network and negative family interactions: the impact of negative family interactions on loneliness was buffered by friend network. Implications of findings were discussed regarding working with older immigrants with limited social networks.
Exploring the Relationship Between Day-to-Day Care and Caregiver Vigilance
Authors: McCann Brandy Renee , Roberto Karen , Blieszner Rosemary , Savla Tina , Hoyt Emily , Knight Aubrey 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A demanding aspect of caregiving for a relative with dementia is need for constant vigilance of their behavior and well-being. Vigilance is associated with higher quality of care, but can take a toll on caregivers who have few opportunities for respite. Home- and community-based services have the potential to offer caregivers relief from constant vigilance. Using in-depth interviews with 30 rural caregivers, we found that service use did not necessarily provide relief from constant vigilance. Caregivers typically needed to monitor aspects of home- and community-based services and care facilities such as scheduling and quality of care from CNAs. In contrast, some caregivers found respite from constant vigilance when they used formal services—typically in extreme situations such as when a husband with dementia became violent and moved temporarily to a long-term care facility. Findings connect caregiver needs and concerns related to vigilance with availability, quality, and use of formal services.
Alcohol Consumption and Blood Pressure Among Older Couples: Negative Implications of Drinking Concordance
Authors: Birditt Kira , Turkelson Angela , Polenick Courtney , Cranford James , Blow Frederic 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Couples who are similar in their drinking behaviors (i.e., concordance) often report better quality and longer marriages. These patterns of drinking may have negative implications for blood pressure, however, as individuals age. The present study examined the effects of alcohol use on blood pressure among couples and whether the associations varied by age. Participants included 2311 married/cohabiting couples (4487 individuals; aged 52 to 92) followed from 2006 to 2014 in the Health and Retirement Study who reported their average drinks per week and had their blood pressure measured. Multilevel models revealed older men (aged 60+) who drank more had higher blood pressure irrespective of wives drinking whereas for younger men the link between their own drinking and increased blood pressure was greater when wives drank more. Although concordance may be beneficial for marriage, there may be a downside to drinking concordance for health especially among middle aged men. Part of a symposium sponsored by Dyadic Research on Health and Illness Across the Adult Lifespan Interest Group.
High Stressor Exposure and Low Stressor Diversity Are Linked to Higher Blood Pressure Across Age
Authors: Koffer Rachel , Dickman Kristina , Kamarck Thomas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Stress exposure is linked to elevated blood pressure, which increases risk for cardiovascular disease (Spruill, 2010; WHO, 2013). Stress exposure may be especially harmful when concentrated in one particular domain (i.e., low stressor diversity) (Koffer, et al., 2016). Using a diversity index, we test whether high stressor exposure and low stressor diversity is associated with high resting blood pressure. Participants (N=391, aged 40-64 years) completed four days of hourly self-report of stressful experiences (e.g., work task demand, non-work task demand, arguments, interpersonal tension), with clinic blood pressure separately assessed. Linear regression results indicate older adults experienced lower stressor diversity (B = -0.003, p =.003). Further, higher stressor exposure with lower stressor diversity related to higher diastolic blood pressure (B= -7.21, p=.046). Experiencing high stress concentrated in one domain may increase risk of high blood pressure. We discuss how low stressor diversity may help explain age-related risk of cardiovascular disease.
The Role of Leisure Activities as Markers of Cognitive Reserve on Dementia Risk in English Older Adults
Authors: Meza Pamela Almeida , Steptoe Andrew , Cadar Dorina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We examined the frequency of participation in cognitive and social type of leisure activities in association with dementia risk over 15 years of follow-up in 12,280 participants aged 50+ from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard of dementia in relation to the cognitive and social type of leisure activities as well as their interactions with sex and marital status. Medium and higher levels of engagement in cognitive leisure activities were associated with a lower risk of dementia. An analysis of the social type of leisure activities showed a similar pattern with protection for higher levels of engagement in a model adjusted for sex and marital status but further explained by wealth. This study shows a reduced risk of dementia for individuals with higher levels of engagement in cognitively stimulating activities, that may preserve cognitive reserve until later in life.
Physical Restraint Use in Swiss Nursing Homes: Two New National Quality Indicators
Authors: Favez Lauriane , Zúñiga Franziska , Blatter Catherine , Sharma Narayan , Simon Michael 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Quality indicators are used in nursing homes to assess physical restraint use. Switzerland introduced two publicly reported indicators measuring the use of 1) bedrails and 2) trunk fixation or seating that prevent standing up. Whether these indicators show good between-provider variability is unknown. The study aimed to measure the prevalence of physical restraint use and assess their between-provider variability using a cross-sectional, multicentre study of a convenience sample of nursing homes. The between-provider variability of the indicators was assessed with intraclass correlation 1 and with caterpillar plots based on Empirical Bayes estimates. We included 11,412 residents from 152 nursing homes. Prevalence rates were 13.5% (n=1’433) for bedrails and 3.6% (n=411) for trunk fixation / seating that prevent standing up. For the first indicator, intraclass correlation 1 was 0.245 (95%-CI 0.197-0.286), for the second 0.343 (95%-CI 0.235-0.405). The two indicators showed good between-provider variability and can be recommended for public reporting. Part of a symposium sponsored by Systems Research in Long-Term Care Interest Group.
Arcs and Stages: Retrospectively Conceptualizing a Gerontological Career
Authors: Hepburn Kenneth 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The arc of a gerontologist’s career is that of a “work in progress,” work unlikely to be completed. Early efforts might develop interdisciplinary collaborations and establish the principles and mechanisms of a central line of work and inquiry. Mid-stage work may entail expansion and adaptation of preliminary efforts and identification of exciting areas of exploration that both fit within the gerontologist’s overall thematic trajectory and extend beyond the reasonable scope of pursuit. In late stage, the most pressing concern is to sustain, but not constrain, the work’s trajectory. This may best be accomplished by identifying and supporting students and early career researchers who are passionate about the work and who are likely to move it forward and expand it in their own unique and divergent ways. Emeriti gerontologists may seek to remain generatively engaged in ways that both contribute to and let go of the continuing arc of the work.
Places Visited, Maintained, or Abandoned Outside Home: A Community Mobility Need of Older Adults With Dementia
Authors: Margot-Cattin Isabel , Gaber Sophie , Kuhne Nicolas , Malinowski Camilla , Nygard Louise 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
For older adults to “age in place”, they need to keep engaged and mobile in their communities, whatever their health condition. The impact of age and cognitive decline on community mobility is a growing problem in Europe and worldwide. Engaging in occupations outside home implies being able to get to those places where activities are performed. Yet little is known regarding the types of places visited, maintained or abandoned for older adults with/without dementia. This study addresses community mobility needs through the places people visit, maintain or abandon. People with and without dementia, aged 55+, were interviewed using the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside the Home (ACT-OUT) questionnaire across Switzerland (n=70), Sweden (n=69) and the UK (n=128). Results show that people with dementia experience a higher rate of abandonment for more places than regular older adults. Insights about driving cessation and access to travel passes will be presented.
Implementing Psychosocial and Environmental Practices for Persons With Dementia in Assisted Living
Authors: Schwartz Lindsay , Zimmerman Sheryl , Wretman Christopher , Prizer Lindsay , Sloane Philip 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Assisted living (AL) provides care for a large proportion of residents with dementia. Coincident with the increased focus on reducing off-label use of antipsychotics for people with dementia, providers are encouraged to turn to non-pharmacological practices to address behavioral expressions. This analysis used data from 250 AL communities in seven states, and examined familiarity, use, and practicality of twelve evidence-based practices, including music, pets, and social contact. Although a high percentage of staff reported familiarity and use of some of the practices, interviews with staff indicated that administration was not always consistent with evidence on implementation. Familiarity, use and practicality were associated with AL communities that had more residents with dementia, training on antipsychotics and non-pharmacological practices, policies on gradual dose reduction of psychotropics, and leadership that supported use of practices (p&lt;.05 to &lt;.001). Opportunities and barriers to implementation of these practices will be discussed.