bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late Gadolinium Enhancement Predicts Improvement in Global Longitudinal Strain after Aortic Valve Replacement in Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Fujimiya Tsuyoshi , Iwai-Takano Masumi , Igarashi Takashi , Shinjo Hiroharu , Ishida Keiichi , Takase Shinya , Yokoyama Hitoshi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMyocardial fibrosis, as detected by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is related to mortality after aortic valve replacement (AVR). This study aimed to determine whether LGEMRI predicts improvement in global longitudinal strain (GLS) after AVR in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Twenty-nine patients with severe AS who were scheduled to undergo AVR were enrolled. Two-dimensional echocardiography and contrast-enhanced MRI were performed before AVR. GLS and LGEcore (g: > 5 SD of normal area), LGEgray (g: 2–5 SD), and LGEcore+gray (g) were measured. One year after AVR, GLS were examined by echocardiography to assess improvement in LV function. Preoperatively, GLS correlated with LGEcore (g) (r2 = 0.14, p < 0.05), LGEgray (g) (r2 = 0.32, p < 0.01) and LGEcore+gray (g) (r2 = 0.36, p < 0.01). LGEcore was significantly lower in patients with improved GLS after AVR (GLS1year ≥ −19.9%) compared to those with no improvement (1.34 g vs. 4.70 g, p < 0.01). LGE predicts improvement in LV systolic function after AVR.
A 96-multiplex capillary electrophoresis screening platform for product based evolution of P450 BM3
Authors: Gärtner Anna , Ruff Anna Joëlle , Schwaneberg Ulrich 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe main challenge that prevents a broader application of directed enzyme evolution is the lack of high-throughput screening systems with universal product analytics. Most directed evolution campaigns employ screening systems based on colorimetric or fluorogenic surrogate substrates or universal quantification methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy or mass spectrometry, which have not been advanced to achieve a high-throughput. Capillary electrophoresis with a universal UV-based product detection is a promising analytical tool to quantify product formation. Usage of a multiplex system allows the simultaneous measurement with 96 capillaries. A 96-multiplexed capillary electrophoresis (MP-CE) enables a throughput that is comparable to traditional direct evolution campaigns employing 96-well microtiter plates. Here, we report for the first time the usage of a MP-CE system for directed P450 BM3 evolution towards increased product formation (oxidation of alpha-isophorone to 4-hydroxy-isophorone; highest reached total turnover number after evolution campaign: 7120 mol4-OHmolP450−1). The MP-CE platform was 3.5-fold more efficient in identification of beneficial variants than the standard cofactor (NADPH) screening system.
Magnetotrichography: Measuring the dc magnetic field produced by hair follicles
Authors: Khan Sheraz , Cohen David 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe here describe the dc magnetic field over the human head produced by healthy hair follicles when the scalp is lightly pressed. This phenomenon was briefly reported decades earlier, where a double-planar SQUID (Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices) gradiometer at a single location was used. We here perform a larger study, using the dcMEG containing 102 double-planar gradiometers covering the whole scalp. The field is displayed as an on-line arrow map over the head, showing the approximate flow of direct current (dc) in the scalp. Standard sets of five arrow maps per subject were measured, where the subject successively pressed parts of their head against the inside of the helmet. These maps were made for 15 normal subjects (5 females), and 2 with alopecia (non-functioning follicles). The directions of “pressed” generating arrows always followed the natural tilt of the follicles, verifying the follicles as generators, with a time constant of about one second. The maximum generator dipole strength was about 24 µA-cm. Scalp electric potentials corresponding to the magnetic signals were masked by much larger electrodermal potentials. Therefore, this magnetic method, called magnetotrichography, is unique in measuring this follicular electrical activity, with possible applications in studying baldness and hair diseases.
Metabolomic studies in tissues of mice treated with amifostine and exposed to gamma-radiation
Authors: Cheema Amrita K. , Li Yaoxiang , Girgis Michael , Jayatilake Meth , Simas Madison , Wise Stephen Y. , Olabisi Ayodele O. , Seed Thomas M. , Singh Vijay K. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAlthough multiple radioprotectors are currently being investigated preclinically for efficacy and safety, few studies have investigated concomitant metabolic changes. This study examines the effects of amifostine on the metabolic profiles in tissues of mice exposed to cobalt-60 total-body gamma-radiation. Global metabolomic and lipidomic changes were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS) in bone marrow, jejunum, and lung samples of amifostine-treated and saline-treated control mice. Results demonstrate that radiation exposure leads to tissue specific metabolic responses that were corrected in part by treatment with amifostine in a drug-dose dependent manner. Bone marrow exhibited robust responses to radiation and was also highly responsive to protective effects of amifostine, while jejunum and lung showed only modest changes. Treatment with amifostine at 200 mg/kg prior to irradiation seemed to impart maximum survival benefit, while the lower dose of 50 mg/kg offered only limited survival benefit. These findings show that the administration of amifostine causes metabolic shifts that would provide an overall benefit to radiation injury and underscore the utility of metabolomics and lipidomics to determine the underlying physiological mechanisms involved in the radioprotective efficacy of amifostine. This approach may be helpful in identifying biomarkers for radioprotective efficacy of amifostine and other countermeasures under development.
Nanoscale true random bit generator based on magnetic state transitions in magnetic tunnel junctions
Authors: Jenkins Alex S. , Alvarez Lara San Emeterio , Freitas Paulo P. , Ferreira Ricardo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe present an investigation into the in-plane field induced free layer state transitions found in magnetic tunnel junctions. By applying an ac current into an integrated field antenna, the magnetisation of the free layer can be switched between the magnetic vortex state and the quasi-uniform anti-parallel state. When in the magnetic vortex state, the vortex core gyrates a discrete number of times, and at certain frequencies there is a 50% chance of the core gyrating n or n − 1 times, leading to the proposal of a novel nanoscale continuous digital true random bit generator.
FRET-based cyclic GMP biosensors measure low cGMP concentrations in cardiomyocytes and neurons
Authors: Calamera Gaia , Li Dan , Ulsund Andrea Hembre , Kim Jeong Joo , Neely Oliver C. , Moltzau Lise Román , Bjørnerem Marianne , Paterson David , Kim Choel , Levy Finn Olav , Andressen Kjetil Wessel 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSeveral FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer)-based biosensors for intracellular detection of cyclic nucleotides have been designed in the past decade. However, few such biosensors are available for cGMP, and even fewer that detect low nanomolar cGMP concentrations. Our aim was to develop a FRET-based cGMP biosensor with high affinity for cGMP as a tool for intracellular signaling studies. We used the carboxyl-terminal cyclic nucleotide binding domain of Plasmodium falciparum cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) flanked by different FRET pairs to generate two cGMP biosensors (Yellow PfPKG and Red PfPKG). Here, we report that these cGMP biosensors display high affinity for cGMP (EC50 of 23 ± 3 nM) and detect cGMP produced through soluble guanylyl cyclase and guanylyl cyclase A in stellate ganglion neurons and guanylyl cyclase B in cardiomyocytes. These biosensors are therefore optimal tools for real-time measurements of low concentrations of cGMP in living cells.
Emergence and full 3D-imaging of nodal boundary Seifert surfaces in 4D topological matter
Authors: Li Linhu , Lee Ching Hua , Gong Jiangbin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe topological classification of nodal links and knot has enamored physicists and mathematicians alike, both for its mathematical elegance and implications on optical and transport phenomena. Central to this pursuit is the Seifert surface bounding the link/knot, which has for long remained a mathematical abstraction. Here we propose an experimentally realistic setup where Seifert surfaces emerge as boundary states of 4D topological systems constructed by stacking 3D nodal line systems along a 4th quasimomentum. We provide an explicit realization with 4D circuit lattices, which are freed from symmetry constraints and are readily tunable due to the dimension and distance agnostic nature of circuit connections. Importantly, their Seifert surfaces can be imaged in 3D via their pronounced impedance peaks, and are directly related to knot invariants like the Alexander polynomial and knot Signature. This work thus unleashes the great potential of Seifert surfaces as sophisticated yet accessible tools in exotic bandstructure studies.
A Tutorial of the Current Treatment Modalities and Voice Management in Laryngeal Cancer
Authors: Regan Kathryn , Joshi Ashwini 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this tutorial was to provide speech-language pathologists unfamiliar with the rehabilitation of laryngeal cancer a basic understanding of laryngeal cancer and the factors involved in the treatment of the voice.ConclusionThis tutorial provides an overview of the types and subsites of laryngeal cancer, risk factors, stages and prognosis, and treatment options at these stages. The readers will gain the foundational knowledge necessary to work with this population and a starting point for further study. More research is needed regarding voice outcomes and the benefits of voice therapy in combination with the available laryngeal cancer treatment modalities so that we may better serve these patients.
Neuro-vaskuläre Komplikationen bei komplexen Korrektureingriffen − Ursachen, Prävention, Systemlösungen
Authors: Koller Heiko , Shiban Ehab , Bodon Gergely , Wostrack Maria , Krieg Sandro , Meiners Thomas , Meyer Bernhard 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Autoren präsentieren eine ausführliche Übersichtsarbeit, welche Einblicke in die Pathogenese, Prävention und Therapie neurovaskulärer Komplikationen in der Behandlung komplexer spinaler Pathologien ermöglicht. Insbesondere werden die strategischen Grundzüge für die Vermeidung neurologischer Läsionen bei Patienten mit komplexen Deformitäteneingriff an der Wirbelsäule und mit neurologische erhöhten Risiko dargestellt.
Dankschreiben an Palliativteams
Authors: Zwingmann Christian , Berthold Daniel , Gramm Jan 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Um Angehörige im Rahmen von Palliative Care gezielt unterstützen zu können, müssen ihre Bedürfnisse bekannt sein. Bisherige Befragungen stellen Informationsbedürfnisse heraus. Lassen sich weitere Angehörigenbedürfnisse über eine Analyse ihrer Dankschreiben an das Palliativteam erschließen?
Methodik Aus einer Sammlung von Dankschreiben wurden in einem mehrschrittigen Prozess 63 Schreiben ausgewählt. Nach einer Kategorienentwicklung gemäß den Prinzipien der Qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse wurden die Schreiben codiert. Anschließend wurden die Häufigkeiten der Kategorien ermittelt.
Ergebnisse Die Angehörigen bedanken sich vor allem, dass sie selbst Trost/Zuwendung erfahren und sich aufgehoben gefühlt haben sowie für die pflegerische/medizinische Versorgung und menschenwürdige Behandlung des Patienten. Hinsichtlich des eigenen Befindens schildern sie am häufigsten die Erfahrung des Verlusts.
Schlussfolgerung Die Angehörigen äußern ein starkes Bedürfnis nach emotionaler Unterstützung. Die Analyse der Dankschreiben erschließt somit einen zusätzlichen Bedürfnisschwerpunkt. Zudem sollten die Trauerreaktionen der Angehörigen beachtet werden.
X-ray flat-panel detector geometry correction to improve dimensional computed tomography measurements
Authors: Lüthi Melina , Bircher Benjamin A , Meli Felix , Küng Alain , Thalmann Rudolf 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTo improve the accuracy of dimensional x-ray computed tomography (CT), error sources have to be characterised and accounted for. A variety of error sources have been comprehensively described in the literature. However, the influence of geometrical distortion of the flat-panel detector has rarely been considered. In this paper, the deviation from nominal geometry of a flat-panel x-ray detector was characterised using a calibrated ball plate. In-plane deviations were separated from the detector topography by varying the source–detector distance, resulting in a 3D detector geometry. A correction model for arbitrary source–detector distances was developed, which reduced the maximum errors of sphere centre-to-centre distances in scale-corrected CT measurements from  ±3.9 µm to below  ±0.8 µm. This fivefold improvement emphasises the importance of such correction for dimensional CT.
Influence of the feed per tooth variation on the surface roughness at end milling of an aluminum alloy
Authors: Pop A B , Țîțu A M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
As a part of the cutting process, a researched aspect continuously is surface quality. Based on and using the results of previous research, the present scientific paper addresses the problem of the machined surfaces roughness. The cutting process approached in this study is the end-milling one, and the workpiece material used to carry out the study is the aluminum alloy used in the aerospace industry. The adopted cutting regime imply to keep the cutting speed at a constant value while the cutting parameters: cutting depth and feed per tooth vary with different values. The experimental research carried out by the authors in a prestigious industrial company is complicated and complies with the specific methodology. The conclusions stand based on the interpretation of the results obtained from the experiments which were carried out based on the active experimental type. The confirmation of the obtained results was performed using the profiles and images of the microscopic analysis of the machined surface.
Algorithms for modelling the load of teeth from pinion cutter tool used at worms machining
Authors: Bordeanu M , Frumusanu G , Oancea N 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The turning of worms with tools of pinion cutter type means to generate helical surfaces by rolling. In this case, the process of detaching the chip by tool successive teeth is characterized by uneven variation of chip total area, calculated as sum of the areas corresponding to the chips simultaneously detached by all tool teeth in contact at a time with the machined part. As consequence, the cutting forces that load the tool cutting edges are also uneven which negatively impacts the machining process: uneven wear of tool teeth and uneven elastic deformation of technological system with bad effects onto the precision of generated worm flanks. This paper proposes the analytical modelling for both area and shape of the chips detached, during the machining process, by the successive teeth of the pinion cutter that generates a cylindrical worm. The tool tooth involute flanks and the arc from tooth head are modelled, thus delimiting the region formed by the successive active teeth of the tool. The model of the chip detached during the rolling between tool and part centrodes is determined and, on this base, the area of the chip detached for an increment of tool rotation is found. Starting from proposed model, a graphical application in CATIA environment was developed in order to calculate the cumulated area of chips simultaneously detached by tool teeth, which is further needed in order to reduce the cutting force unevenness.
Surface roughness at facing on a lathe
Authors: Beșliu I , Cîcu A , Beșliu E , Agrigoroae C , Coteață M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
It is known that during the facing on a lathe, due to the cutting speed change along the workpiece radius, the generation of the built-up edge is possible. Because of this fact, a maximum of the surface asperities height could be highlighted. From the practical point of view, it is important to have information concerning the influence exerted by some input factors of the facing process on the values of the roughness parameters that corresponds to the surfaces obtained by such a machining process. An experimental research was designed and materialized to evaluate the influence exerted by the cutting speed, feed rate and turning tool corner radius on the values of the surface roughness parameters Ra and Rq. By mathematical processing of the experimental results, some empirical mathematical models were determined. One confirmed that a low value of the surface roughness could be obtained by using high turning speed and adequate values for the feed rate and turning tool corner radius.
Studies on the influence of design parameters on the behaviour at shock of 3D-printed components fabricated by fused deposition modelling
Authors: Anghel D C , Rizea A D , Iordache D M , Beșliu-Gherghescu M L 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the last years, more and more products are made through fused deposition modelling (FDM). Although it has the disadvantage that it is a slow process, it is very well suited for the parts with complex shapes, which are difficult to obtain by classical machining. A huge advantage of this process is that the internal structure of the piece can be personalized according to the operation requirements. In the FDM process, the parts are builds up layer by layer. 3D printed objects will often have anisotropic mechanical properties. This means a printed part will be weaker in the direction of the Z axis. This paper presents studies on the influence of design parameters on the behaviour at shock of 3D-printed components fabricated by FDM. For this purpose, test specimens for shock breakout were made. The specimens were made with various internal structures and different orientations. The material for the parts is ULTRAT.
Additive manufacturing of a stretch forming die using 3D printing technology
Authors: Grigoraș C , Chiriță B , Brabie G 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
3D printing is a maturing technology, that can be used from fast prototyping to industrial scale. A key aspect of 3D printing is the ability to control the material density, thus it’s hardness. This factor assures that 3D printing is not only economical competitive, but it also provides parts with improved mechanical properties. Furthermore, it is a good alternative for manufacturing stretch-forming dies. Implementing 3D printed dies offers an economical advantage, as cost for producing are a fraction of the cost of standard metal die, and the technology behind the process is simpler. Therefore, in this paper we have chosen to study stretch forming on a die that has components 3D printed from polylactic acid (PLA). The length and width of the punch is maintained constant while the radius varied from R180 ÷ R1080 [mm], with an increment of 180 [mm]. A total number of 6 punches were used in these experiments to stretch sheet metal stripes made of aluminium 2024-T0, a material specific for aircraft skin. In addition to the shape of the resulted part, in the present study other process parameters have been investigated (punch force, part radius and deviation from circularity).
Numerical simulation of friction stir welding of pure copper plates
Authors: Constantin M A , Niţu E L , Bădulescu C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a joining process which is performed at low temperatures, lower than the melting temperature of the base material, thus it is considered a solid state welding process. This feature makes it suitable for copper welding, material whose thermal diffusivity is higher than that of most steel alloys. Large heat losses identified at copper welding by fusion welding processes are thus reduced using FSW process. Because of the shown efficiency and the innovative character of this process, many actions have been initiated in order to optimize it. The aim of this paper is to develop a three-dimensional coupled thermo-mechanical finite element (FE) model of FSW process for pure copper plates using the Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) formulation given in the FE code ABAQUS V6.13. The CEL formulation is one of the few formulations that are capable of handling with such large deformations. The developed numerical model was validated by comparing its results related to the temperatures calculated in the process time with those measured in performed experiments using the same process parameters. This model was capable of simulating the FSW of copper plates and of anticipating the temperature distribution and burrs formation in the weld bead.
Tensile properties of friction stir welding of three dissimilar aluminium alloys, AA7075, AA2024 and AA6061 versus process parameters
Authors: Grigore J C , Boșneag A , Badulescu C 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Friction stir welding is a solid-state welding process with a lot of advantages comparing to the traditional arc welding. In the last years, this process was more and more used in industrial environment to joining by welding a large range of materials, similar and dissimilar. Applicability of this process was identified in automotive industry, aeronautics industry, aerospace industry, railway industry, metal working, research and development, electronic industry, machinery and equipment and others. The friction stir welding process is a simple, this are performed in three steps: a tool is rotated and plunge into the materials until the shoulder meets the surface of upper material, after that the tool keeps rotation, start translation movement and traversed along the direction of welding. At the end of welding seams, the tool has a vertically movement to get out of the plates. This paper presents an experimental study for the welding of three dissimilar aluminium alloys, with different mechanical and chemical properties and the results of it. These three materials are: AA7075, AA2024 and AA6061. The samples obtained with the friction stir welding were tested and analysed considering: process parameters and their influence on tensile properties
Porous coatings obtained on titanium after IMPULSE – PEO processes
Authors: Rokosz K , Hryniewicz T , Dudek Ł , Pietrzak K , Raaen S , Malorny W , Ciuperca R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The surface stereometry and chemical compositions of porous coatings obtained during Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, PEO / (Micro Arc Oxidation, MAO) processes with use of impulse regime with different frequencies were the main goal of discussions presented in that paper. All the coatings were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was found out that the frequencies of voltage signals used in PEO process as well as their duty ratios have a big influence on porosity, roughness and chemical composition of fabricated layers. In addition, it was noted that all the coatings’ compounds contained Ti4+ and Ca2+ or Mg2+ as well as PO4
3–, and/or HPO4
2–, and/or H2PO4
–, and/or P2O7
4–.