bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term outcomes with conventional fractionated and stereotactic radiotherapy for suspected heart‐base tumours in dogs
Authors: Hansen Katherine S. , Théon Alain P. , Willcox Jennifer L. , Stern Joshua A. , Kent Michael S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPublished radiotherapy results for suspected heart‐based tumours in dogs are limited. In this retrospective longitudinal study (3/2014‐2019), eight dogs with either clinical signs attributable to a heart‐base mass (6), or asymptomatic with a progressively larger mass on echocardiogram (2), received conventional fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) or stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Clinical findings in symptomatic cases included one or more of the following: retching/coughing (4), exercise intolerance (2), collapse (1), pericardial effusion (2), rare ventricular premature contractions (2), abdominal effusion (1), or respiratory distress due to chylothorax (1). CFRT cases received 50 Gray (Gy) in 20 fractions and SBRT cases received 30 Gy in 5 or 24 Gy in three fractions. Two dogs received chemotherapy post‐radiation. At analysis, 7/8 dogs were deceased and one was alive 684 days post‐treatment. The estimated median overall survival (MOS) from first treatment was 785 days (95% CI 114‐868 days, [range 114‐1492 days]). Five dogs received CFRT (MOS 817 days; (95% CI 155 days‐not reached [range 155‐1492 days])). Three dogs received SBRT with one alive at analysis (MOS 414 days, (95% CI, 114 days‐not reached [range 114‐414 days])). No statistically significant difference was found between survival for CFRT and SBRT. Of the symptomatic patients, 5/6 showed improvement. Mass size reduced in 4/5 cases receiving follow‐up ultrasounds. Possible complications included asymptomatic radiation pneumonitis (4), atrial tachycardia/premature beats (4) and pericardial effusion with heart failure coincident with tumour progression (1). This study provides preliminary evidence that radiotherapy may impact clinically relevant or progressively enlarging heart‐base masses.
Pā Harakeke as a research model of practice
Authors: Watson Ange (Andrea) 
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION: This article will present a research study with seven Māori social workers (kaimahi) when exploring tukia (collision) of their personal, professional and cultural worlds.METHOD: Kaupapa Māori underpinned this research, and pūrākau was utilised to connect the research to Māori worldviews; however, the framework was guided by Pā Harakeke. Pā Harakeke is often used as a metaphor for whānau and a model for protection of children,whānau structure and well-being. Pā Harakeke underpinned the structure of the research and this article will unfurl how it framed the methods and methodology. The harakeke sits well in this research as the focus is on the well-being of kaimahi Māori—caring for the carers, helping the helpers and healing the healers.FINDINGS AND OUTCOMES: An outcome from the Tukia research was that kaimahi shared words of wisdom (Ngā Kupu Taonga) outlining what assisted them to navigate their way through personal–professional collisions. These include self-care, use of appropriate supervision, organisational and cultural support mechanisms and growing from experiences. It is the hope that these taonga may help other kaimahi who experience Tukia in their mahi. These Ngā Kupu Taonga are presented in a Mauri Ora o te Pā Harakeke framework.
Quality social work placements for Māori social work students
Authors: Mooney Hannah , Dale Michael , Hay Kathryn 
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION: Māori perspectives should be genuinely represented and integrated into social work education to ensure Māori and non-Māori social work students alike are prepared for working effectively in Aotearoa New Zealand. In field education, Māori students may have particular needs and expectations that should be considered by academic staff and placement host organisations. Consequently, the placement experience for Māori students should reflect these needs and expectations.METHOD: As part of a wider research project which aimed to advance the quality of social work placements for Māori and Pasifika students, a hui was undertaken with a roopu (Māori branch) of the Aotearoa New Zealand Association of Social Work (ANZASW) in late 2014. This article focuses on their views of what constitutes a quality placement for Māori social work students. The project explored two key areas: what does a quality placement look like for Māori social work students and what can tertiary institutions do to better support Māori students to have a quality placement?FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS: Participants emphasised the usefulness of placement preparedness, clear expectations and open communication prior to, and during, placement. The placement should also be culturally safe and adequately challenge the student. Tertiary providers should support the student’s placement by being in regular face-to-face contact; preparing the student for the placement environment; supporting external cultural supervision; and by critically reviewing their curriculum.
Kaitiakitanga: A transformation of supervision
Authors: Webber-Dreadon Emma 
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION: This article explores Māori social work supervision in Aotearoa New Zealand, from cultural, iwi, hapū and whānau perspectives. It describes an emerging model of kaitiakitanga (supervision) entitled “He Maunga, He Tangata, He Tapu, He Kahu.”APPROACH: It is based on the author’s experience and tribal relationships, and proposes a model reinterpreting the supervisory relationship by first re-examining the meanings of these relationships from a Māori perspective. It explains the rationale of the model in order to clarify its origins, principles, purpose, obligations and responsibilities in the field of kaitiakitanga (supervision). The nine principles discussed, along with four overarching themes identified within Te Ao Māori, reflect the importance of integrating customary practices in to achieve the best outcomes for the people we serve and work with.IMPLICATIONS: These principles are crucial to the practice of kaimahi-a-iwi and kaitiakitanga, where it is important not only to care, protect, guide, teach, influence and encourage, but also to consider self-care, and develop safe and accountable practices for all people.
Experimental investigation of mechanical and tribological properties of Al6061–ZrC–B4C hybrid composites
Authors: Rajamanickam Theerkka Tharaisanan , Marimuthu Kathiresan 
Published: November 2020

Aluminium metal matrix composites (ALMMCs) have been widely used because of their superior properties such as high strength to wear ratio, high wear resistance, and higher heat conduction rate. The addition of reinforcements in the form of discontinuous particles leads to an increase in the properties of metal matrix composites (MMCs). In the present study, ALMMCs were fabricated with the addition of discontinuous reinforcement particles of zirconium carbide (ZrC) and boron carbide (B4C). The mechanical properties such as tensile strength, hardness, and impact strength were tested as per ASTM standards. The tribological properties were tested using a pin-on-disc setup under different loading conditions (10, 20, 30, 40 N). Moreover, the morphological characterisation of the ALMMCs was carried out by scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. Furthermore, differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed to find the thermal stability of the ALMMCs. The findings show that variations of reinforcement of ZrC added gave improved properties such as hardness, tensile strength, impact strength, and wear resistance.
A network theory of inter-firm labor flows
Authors: López Eduardo , Guerrero Omar A. , Axtell Robert L. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUsing detailed administrative microdata for two countries, we build a modeling framework that yields new explanations for the origin of firm sizes, the firm contributions to unemployment, and the job-to-job mobility of workers between firms. Firms are organized as nodes in networks where connections represent low mobility barriers for workers. These labor flow networks are determined empirically, and serve as the substrate in which workers transition between jobs. We show that highly skewed firm size distributions are predicted from the connectivity of firms. Further, our model permits the reconceptualization of unemployment as a local network phenomenon related to both a notion of firm-specific unemployment and the network vicinity of each firm. We find that firm-specific unemployment has a highly skewed distribution. In coupling the study of job mobility and firm dynamics the model provides a new analytical tool for industrial organization and makes it possible to synthesize more targeted policies managing job mobility.
THE LUCK IN “TALENT VERSUS LUCK” MODELING
Authors: ELVIDGE SEAN 
Published: November 2020

This paper further investigates the Talent versus Luck (TvL) model described by [Pluchino et al. Talent versus luck: The role of randomness in success and failure, Adv. Complex Syst. 21 (2018) 1850014] which models the relationship between ‘talent’ and ‘luck’ on the impact of an individuals career. It is shown that the model is very sensitive to both random sampling and the choice of value for the input parameters. Running the model repeatedly with the same set of input parameters gives a range of output values of over 50% of the mean value. The sensitivity of the inputs of the model is analyzed using a variance-based approach based upon generating Sobol sequences of quasi-random numbers. When using the model to look at the talent associated with an individual who has the maximum capital over a model run it has been shown that the choice for the standard deviation of the talent distribution contributes to 67% of the model variability. When investigating the maximum amount of capital returned by the model the probability of a lucky event at any given epoch has the largest impact on the model, almost three times more than any other individual parameter. Consequently, during the analysis of the model results one must keep in mind the impact that only small changes in the input parameters can have on the model output.
Viral Immunity and Vaccines in Hematologic Malignancies: Implications for COVID-19
Authors: Dhodapkar Madhav V. , Dhodapkar Kavita M. , Ahmed Rafi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Summary:
Patients with hematologic malignancies have increased susceptibility to viral infections and suboptimal immunologic responses to current vaccines due to both disease-associated and therapy-related immune dysfunction. These considerations may impact the efficacy of emerging COVID-19 vaccines in this patient population as well and warrant the need to systematically study natural and vaccine-induced virus-specific immunity in these patients.
Mobile Interventional Stroke Team Model Improves Early Outcomes in Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke
Authors: Morey Jacob R. , Oxley Thomas J. , Wei Daniel , Kellner Christopher P. , Dangayach Neha S. , Stein Laura , Hom Danny , Wheelwright Danielle , Rubenstein Liorah , Skliut Maryna , Shoirah Hazem , De Leacy Reade A. , Singh I. Paul , Zhang Xiangnan , Persaud Steven , Tuhrim Stanley , Dhamoon Mandip , Bederson Joshua , Mocco J , Fifi Johanna T. , Boniece Irene R. , Brockington Carolyn D. , Fara Michael , Hao Qing , Horowitz Deborah R. , Lay Cappi , Liang John , Nasrallah E. John , Roche Tara , Sheinart Kara F. , Paul Singh Inder , Tegtmeyer Christopher , Weinberger Jesse 
Published: November 2020

Background and Purpose:
Triage of patients with emergent large vessel occlusion stroke to primary stroke centers followed by transfer to comprehensive stroke centers leads to increased time to endovascular therapy. A Mobile Interventional Stroke Team (MIST) provides an alternative model by transferring a MIST to a Thrombectomy Capable Stroke Center (TSC) to perform endovascular therapy. Our aim is to determine whether the MIST model is more time-efficient and leads to improved clinical outcomes compared with standard drip-and-ship (DS) and mothership models.

Methods:
This is a prospective observational cohort study with 3-month follow-up between June 2016 and December 2018 at a multicenter health system, consisting of one comprehensive stroke center, 4 TSCs, and several primary stroke centers. A total of 228 of 373 patients received endovascular therapy via 1 of 4 models: mothership with patient presentation to a comprehensive stroke center, DS with patient transfer from primary stroke center or TSC to comprehensive stroke center, MIST with patient presentation to TSC and MIST transfer, or a combination of DS with patient transfer from primary stroke center to TSC and MIST. The prespecified primary end point was initial door-to-recanalization time and secondary end points measured additional time intervals and clinical outcomes at discharge and 3 months.

Results:

MIST had a faster mean initial door-to-recanalization time than DS by 83 minutes (
P
<0.01). MIST and mothership had similar median door-to-recanalization times of 192 minutes and 179 minutes, respectively (
P
=0.83). A greater proportion had a complete recovery (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale of 0 or 1) at discharge in MIST compared with DS (37.9% versus 16.7%;
P
<0.01). MIST had 52.8% of patients with modified Rankin Scale of ≤2 at 3 months compared with 38.9% in DS (
P
=0.10).

Conclusions:
MIST led to significantly faster initial door-to-recanalization times compared with DS, which was comparable to mothership. This decrease in time has translated into improved short-term outcomes and a trend towards improved long-term outcomes.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT03048292.
How Reliable Are Decadal Climate Predictions of Near-Surface Air Temperature?
Authors: Verfaillie Deborah , Doblas-Reyes Francisco J. , Donat Markus G. , Pérez-Zanón Núria , Solaraju-Murali Balakrishnan , Torralba Verónica , Wild Simon 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDecadal climate predictions are being increasingly used by stakeholders interested in the evolution of climate over the coming decade. However, investigating the added value of those initialized decadal predictions over other sources of information typically used by stakeholders generally relies on forecast accuracy, while probabilistic aspects, although crucial to users, are often overlooked. In this study, the quality of the near-surface air temperature from initialized predictions has been assessed in terms of reliability, an essential characteristic of climate simulation ensembles, and compared to the reliability of noninitialized simulations performed with the same model ensembles. Here, reliability is defined as the capability to obtain a true estimate of the forecast uncertainty from the ensemble spread. We show the limited added value of initialization in terms of reliability, the initialized predictions being significantly more reliable than their noninitialized counterparts only for specific regions and the first forecast year. By analyzing reliability for different forecast system ensembles, we further highlight the fact that the combination of models seems to play a more important role than the ensemble size of each individual forecast system. This is due to sampling different model errors related to model physics, numerics, and initialization approaches involved in the multimodel, allowing for a certain level of error compensation. Finally, this study demonstrates that all forecast system ensembles are affected by systematic biases and dispersion errors that affect the reliability. This set of errors makes bias correction and calibration necessary to obtain reliable estimates of forecast probabilities that can be useful to stakeholders.
Health Care System-Wide Analysis Identifies High Radiation Use Factors and Behaviors in Surgery
Authors: Kiang Sharon C. , Huh Austin S. , Davis Jessica R. , Abou-Zamzam Ahmed M. , Tomihama Roger T. 
Published: November 2020

Objective Usage of radiation among various surgical specialists has not been comprehensively evaluated. A systems-based analysis evaluating intraoperative radiation can help identify high use factors and dose reduction behaviors leading to quality improvement initiatives. Methods A retrospective review of all operative fluoroscopic-guided procedures from 2010 to 2017 from 4 hospitals in a tertiary academic health care system was performed. Results One thousand two hundred fifty-two cases were analyzed, and notable trends in metrics including type of equipment, procedures, surgical field, surgical specialty, and dose reduction techniques were demonstrated. Higher radiation exposures were correlated with fixed vs. mobile C-arm usage (1229 mGy vs. 331 mGy, P = .001), abdominal/pelvic procedures (429.2 mGy vs. 274.0 mGy, P = .002), and embolization (2450.6 mGy vs. 328.2 mGy, P = .019). Vascular surgery averaged 40 times higher radiation exposure per patient than other specialties (613.3 mGy vs. 15.6 mGy, P = .001). Notably, vascular surgeons utilized dose reduction techniques less frequently than urology (21.5% vs. 70%, P = .001) but more than neurosurgery and orthopedics (21.5% vs. 1.3% and 0%, P = .001, respectively). Conclusions A system-wide health care analysis identified vascular surgery procedures, use of a fixed C-arm, abdominal/pelvic procedures, and embolization cases as having the highest radiation exposure. These data can serve as baseline information for future quality improvement initiatives regarding fluoroscopy usage by surgeons.
Economic Perspectives on Setting up and Running Telepsychiatry Services in India
Authors: Dewani Khushboo , Basavarajappa Chethan , Gowda Guru S , Gowda Mahesh , Srinivasa Preeti , Muthyalappa Chandrashekar , Kumar Channaveerachari N , Manjunatha Narayana , Vohra Sandeep , Math Suresh B 
Published: November 2020

Background: Telemedicine Practice Guidelines, 2020 and Telepsychiatry Operational Guidelines, 2020 can be potential game changers in the practice of medicine in India. They provide legal grounds for the practice of telemedicine. The economics of setting up and running telepsychiatry services vis-à-vis in-person services in India is discussed in this paper to aid the practitioners in understanding the costs involved in each of these modalities. Methods: Costs for various hardware, software, real estate, and human resources are collated from various sources. Telepsychiatry vs. in-person setup is compared for the costs involved. Results: Telepsychiatry consultation will cost much lesser to that of in-person consultation. Conclusions: Telepsychiatry is an economically viable option. There are many benefits and hurdles in telepsychiatry practice. It is a step towards providing psychiatric services at the doorstep in compliance with the Mental Healthcare Act 2017, upholding the rights of persons with mental illness. It will benefit the practitioner, the patient, and the society.
Satisfaction and needs of pharmacists in prescription-checking training: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Cheng Wei , Wang Chen , Ma Jing , Ji Wen , Yang Xiangli , Wu Bei , Hou Ruigang 
Published: November 2020

Objective Prescription checking is becoming increasingly prevalent in medical institutions. However, the prescription-checking ability of pharmacists requires improvement. The study aim was to explore the main aspects of prescription-checking training and provide an empirical reference for the training of pharmacists in medical institutions. Methods Participants were pharmacists willing to complete a Likert questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to examine percentages and composition ratios. The chi-square test and exploratory factor analysis were used for inferential analysis. Results The questionnaire showed good internal consistency reliability and validity. A total of 90% of participants were satisfied with the training. Exploratory factor analysis extracted three satisfaction dimensions: training organization, teaching method, and knowledge consolidation and assessment. The average examination score for the 20 courses was 89.21/100. Regarding trainee needs, 94.66% preferred face-to-face lectures, 89.33% expected high professional skills of the lecturers and 62.67% believed that clinical expertise was highly desirable. Conclusions There was a high demand for prescription-checking training among pharmacists. Trainees in this study showed high satisfaction. The most important aspects of prescription-checking training were training organization and knowledge consolidation and assessment. It is recommended that training should be stratified. Pharmacists preferred face-to-face and interactive lectures as a supplement to clinical knowledge.
Stroke survivors’ experiences and perceptions of post-stroke fatigue education in the subacute phase of stroke. The FASE qualitative study
Authors: Elizabeth Tremayne Julie , Freeman Jennifer , Coppola Ali 
Published: November 2020

Introduction Post-stroke fatigue significantly impacts stroke survivors’ rehabilitation, morbidity and quality of life. The evidence-base of post-stroke fatigue education is scarce and inconsistently translated to practice. Research is necessary to understand the current provision, impact and perceptions of post-stroke fatigue education from the stroke survivor’s perspective. The aim of this study is to develop an understanding of stroke survivors’ current experiences and perceptions of fatigue and the role of post-stroke fatigue education in subacute stroke. Methods A United Kingdom-based qualitative inquiry using semi-structured interviews involving 10 participants who had experienced subacute stroke was conducted using thematic data analysis. Findings The overarching theme of acceptance and adaptation reflected possible mechanisms in how stroke survivors manage post-stroke fatigue. Theme one highlighted the individual and diverse nature of post-stroke fatigue. Theme two, the variability of stroke survivors’ current experiences, reflected variability in content and context of post-stroke fatigue education. Theme three, the role of stroke services, described perceived responsibility and ability of stroke services to provide post-stroke fatigue education. Conclusions Post-stroke fatigue education is variable in practice. The results suggest further investigation of a stroke pathway approach for post-stroke fatigue education, involving core aspects suitable for a spectrum of stroke survivors with additional components tailored to individual needs.