bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ground motion input for nonlinear response history analysis
Authors: Morris Gareth J. , Thompson Andrew J. , Dismuke James N. , Bradley Brendon A. 
Published: December 2019

Nonlinear response history analysis (NLRHA), or so-called “nonlinear time history analysis”, is adopted by practicing structural engineers who implement performance-based seismic design and/or assessment procedures. One important aspect in obtaining reliable output from the NLRHA procedure is the input ground motion records. The underlying intention of ground motion selection and amplitude-scaling procedures is to ensure the input for NLRHA is representative of the ground shaking hazard level, for a given site and structure.
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the salient limitations of the ground motion selection and scaling requirements in Sections 5.5 and 6.4 of the New Zealand (NZ) loading standard NZS 1170.5 (2004). From a NZ regulatory perspective; there is no specific framework for seismic hazard analysis and ground motion selection (thus self-regulation is the current norm). In contrast, NZS 1170.5 contains many prescriptive requirements for scaling and applying records which are challenging to satisfy in practice. Also discussed within, there are implications for more modern guidance documents in NZ, such as the 2017 “Assessment Guidelines” for existing buildings, which cite NZS 1170.5, a standard which is at least 16 years old (draft issued in 2002). To emphasize the above issues with NZS 1170.5, this paper presents a summary of the more contemporary approaches in the US standards ASCE 7-16 (new buildings) and ASCE 41-17 (existing buildings), along with some examples of the more stringent US requirements for Tall Buildings.
Reseña de Blockchain en Educación. Cadenas rompiendo moldes, de Antonio Bartolomé y José M. Moral
Authors: Cebrian Manuel 
Published: December 2019

Reseña del libro “Blockchain en Educación. Cadenas rompiendo moldes”, publicado en la colección Transmedia XXI. Editado por Antonio Bartolomé y José Manuel Moral, recoge contribuciones de los principales actores en este campo tan nuevo como sorprendente. El libro explica qué son las Blockchain, cómo se aplican en la Educación, y advierte sobre las numerosas incógnitas de un futuro que, hoy por hoy, es impredecible.
Review of "Blockchain in Education. Chains breaking moulds", a new book published in the Transmedia XXI collection by LMI. Edited by Antonio Bartolomé and José Manuel Moral, it gathers contributions from the main actors in this new and surprising field. The book explains what Blockchain is, how they are applied in Education, and warns about the many unknowns of a future that, today, is unpredictable.
Notas de un enfoque creativo acerca de la creatividad
Authors: Rinaudo Cristina 
Published: December 2019

Se trata de una descripción del libro con un análisis de su contenido y unas conclusiones para otros campos y para el futuro.
El libro se elabora sobre la base de una investigación llevada a cabo entre los años 1990 y 1995, en la Universidad de Chicago con el propósito de estudiar la creatividad a partir del análisis de datos biográficos proporcionados por 91 personas creativas, seleccionadas en función de la correspondencia con los siguientes criterios: 1) haber modificado un campo importante de la cultura, 2) estar aún en actividad, 3) tener al menos sesenta años y también 4) que las personas incluidas permitieran una amplia representación de contextos culturales. Parece oportuno mencionar aquí que el libro incluye dos interesantes apéndices, el primero de los cuales presenta breves retratos de las personalidades entrevistadas y el segundo una transcripción del protocolo de entrevistas que se usó durante el estudio.
Sobre las conclusiones para el futuro, la autora señala que "lo que más ayude a comprender la delimitación sugerida por Csikszentmihalyi sobre un campo del futuro y sobre esta conciencia de responsabilidad planetaria sea la mención de los problemas en los que trabajan estos cuatro entrevistados; a saber: ayudar al medio ambiente para controlar los efectos destructivos de la tecnología que parecen escapar al control humano; poner freno a la explotación irracional de los recursos naturales y las crecientes desigualdades entre países ricos y países pobres; cómo hacer del mundo un lugar seguro para todos, cómo tratar en escala manejable los problemas de la paz y cómo lograr el desarrollo del potencial de excelencia de todo ser humano, cualesquiera sean los oficios o profesiones a los que se dediquen."
Inducible knockout of ∆Np63 alters cell polarity and metabolism during pubertal mammary gland development
Authors: Kumar Sushil , Nandi Ajeya , Mahesh Aakash , Sinha Satrajit , Flores Elsa , Chakrabarti Rumela 
Published: December 2019

The ∆Np63 isoform of the p53‐family transcription factor Trp63 is a key regulator of mammary epithelial stem cells that is involved in breast cancer development. To investigate the role of ∆Np63 at different stages of normal mammary gland development, we generated a ∆Np63‐inducible conditional knockout (cKO) mouse model. We demonstrate that the deletion of ∆Np63 at puberty results in depletion of mammary stem cell‐enriched basal cells, reduces expression of E‐cadherin and β‐catenin, and leads to a closed ductal lumen. RNA‐sequencing analysis reveals reduced expression of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)‐associated proteins and desmosomal polarity proteins. Functional assays show reduced numbers of mitochondria in the mammary epithelial cells of ΔNp63 cKO compared to wild‐type, supporting the reduced OXPHOS phenotype. These findings identify a novel role for ∆Np63 in cellular metabolism and mammary epithelial cell polarity.
Liver tumor segmentation based on 3D convolutional neural network with dual scale
Authors: Meng Lu , Tian Yaoyu , Bu Sihang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeLiver is one of the organs with a high incidence of tumors in the human body. Malignant liver tumors seriously threaten human life and health. The difficulties of liver tumor segmentation from computed tomography (CT) image are: (a) The contrast between the liver tumors and healthy tissues in CT images is low and the boundary is blurred; (b) The image of liver tumor is complex and diversified in size, shape, and location.MethodsTo solve the above problems, this paper focused on the human liver and liver tumor segmentation algorithm based on convolutional neural network (CNN), and specially designed a three‐dimensional dual path multiscale convolutional neural network (TDP‐CNN). To balance the performance of segmentation and requirement of computational resources, the dual path was used in the network, then the feature maps from both paths were fused at the end of the paths. To refine the segmentation results, we used conditional random fields (CRF) to eliminate the false segmentation points in the segmentation results to improve the accuracy.ResultsIn the experiment, we used the public dataset liver tumor segmentation (LiTS) to analyze the segmentation results qualitatively and quantitatively. Ground truth segmentation of liver and liver tumor was manually labeled by an experienced radiologist. Quantitative metrics were Dice, Hausdorff distance, and average distance. For the segmentation results of liver tumor, Dice was 0.689, Hausdorff distance was 7.69, and the average distance was 1.07; for the segmentation results of the liver, Dice was 0.965, Hausdorff distance was 29.162, and the average distance was 0.197. Compared with other liver and liver tumor segmentation algorithms in Medical Image Computing and Intervention (MICCAI) 2017 competition, our method of liver segmentation ranked first, and liver tumor segmentation ranked second.ConclusionsThe experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm had good performance in both liver and liver tumor segmentation.
δ‐CsPbI3 Intermediate Phase Growth Assisted Sequential Deposition Boosts Stable and High‐Efficiency Triple Cation Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Shaofu , Jin Junjun , Qi Yuyang , Liu Pei , Xia Yu , Jiang Yun , He Rong‐Xiang , Chen Bolei , Liu Yumin , Zhao Xing‐Zhong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCs/FA/MA triple cation perovskite films have been well developed in the antisolvent dripping method, attributable to its outstanding photovoltaic and stability performances. However, a facile and effective strategy is still lacking for fabricating high‐quality large‐grain triple cation perovskite films via sequential deposition method a, which is one of the key technologies for high efficiency perovskite solar cells. To address this issue, a δ‐CsPbI3 intermediate phase growth (CsPbI3‐IPG) assisted sequential deposition method is demonstrated for the first time. The approach not only achieves incorporation of controllable cesium into (FAPbI3)1–x(MAPbBr3)x perovskite, but also enlarges the perovskite grains, manipulates the crystallization, modulates the bandgap, and improves the stability of final perovskite films. The photovoltaic performances of the devices based on these Cs/FA/MA perovskite films with various amounts of the δ‐CsPbI3 intermediate phase are investigated systematically. Benefiting from moderate cesium incorporation and intermediate phase‐assisted grain growth, the optimized Cs/FA/MA perovskite solar cells exhibit a significantly improved power conversion efficiency and operational stability of unencapsulated devices. This facile strategy provides new insights into the compositional engineering of triple or quadruple cation perovskite materials with enlarged grains and superior stability via a sequential deposition method.
Mechanical Response of Neural Cells to Physiologically Relevant Stiffness Gradients
Authors: Kayal Céline , Moeendarbary Emad , Shipley Rebecca J. , Phillips James B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the influence of the mechanical environment on neurite behavior is crucial in the development of peripheral nerve repair solutions, and could help tissue engineers to direct and guide regeneration. In this study, a new protocol to fabricate physiologically relevant hydrogel substrates with controlled mechanical cues is proposed. These hydrogels allow the analysis of the relative effects of both the absolute stiffness value and the local stiffness gradient on neural cell behavior, particularly for low stiffness values (1–2 kPa). NG108‐15 neural cell behavior is studied using well‐characterized collagen gradient substrates with stiffness values ranging from 1 to 10 kPa and gradient slopes of either 0.84 or 7.9 kPa mm−1. It is found that cell orientation is influenced by specific combinations of stiffness value and stiffness gradient. The results highlight the importance of considering the type of hydrogel as well as both the absolute value of the stiffness and the steepness of its gradient, thus introducing a new framework for the development of tissue engineered scaffolds and the study of substrate stiffness.
Catalysis of a Single Transition Metal Site for Water Oxidation: From Mononuclear Molecules to Single Atoms
Authors: Zhang Huayang , Tian Wenjie , Duan Xiaoguang , Sun Hongqi , Liu Shaomin , Wang Shaobin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLow‐cost, nonprecious transition metal (TM) catalysts toward efficient water oxidation are of critical importance to future sustainable energy technologies. The advances in structure engineering of water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) with single TM centers as active sites, for example, single metallic molecular complexes (SMMCs), supported SMMCs, and single‐atom catalysts (SACs) in recent reports are examined. The efforts made on these configurations in terms of design principle, advanced characterization, performances and theoretical studies, are critically reviewed. A clear roadmap with the correlations between the single‐TM‐site‐based structures (coordination and geometric structure, TM species, support), and the catalytic performances in water oxidation is provided. The insights bridging SMMCs with SACs are also given. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in the single‐TM‐site catalysis are proposed.
Droplet Self‐Propelling Control on Bioinspired Fiber in Low Temperature and High Humidity Environment
Authors: Hou Yongping , Xing Yan , Feng Shile , Gao Chunlei , Zhou Hu , Zheng Yongmei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn low temperature and high humidity environment, the self‐propelling of droplet on normal wettable gradient surface is often out of control. Here, inspired by surface features of wetted spider silk and cactus, a kind of multilevel‐structure bioinspired fiber (BSF) with multigradients is fabricated via a novel gas‐bubble template‐assisted electrodeposition. The multilevel structures are used to control the state of the condensed droplets and make multigradients still work in low temperature and high humidity environment, while the multigradients provide multiple driving forces to overcome resistance. More importantly, one of driving forces, i.e., the coalescence driving force, can be controlled via the temperature. Therefore, the BSF can not only realize the desired self‐propelling of deposited droplet in low temperature and high humidity environment similar to wetted spider silk and cactus, but also present the controllability of movement. The results may assist in the design of functional surfaces required for cold environment or high humidity, e.g., low temperature microreactors, chemical analytics under specific conditions, and sensors.
Design of Anti‐UV Radiation Textiles with Self‐Assembled Metal–Organic Framework Coating
Authors: Li Gao‐Peng , Cao Feng , Zhang Kun , Hou Lei , Gao Rui‐Cheng , Zhang Wen‐Yan , Wang Yao‐Yu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAnti‐UV radiation surface coating is a powerful approach to fabricate functional textile materials that are essential for outdoor workers to protect their skin from several diseases. However, the achievement of such anti‐UV radiation coating with a facile procedure is still very challenging, as current fabrication protocols usually require sophisticated equipment, complicated procedures, and using of hazardous chemicals. In this work, a novel coating technology involving in situ self‐assembly of metal–organic frameworks is reported to fabricate anti‐UV radiation fabrics through a single solid‐phase hot‐pressing step. The in situ generated nanocrystalline microparticles of InOF‐1 are firmly mounted on the surface of three kinds of fabrics (including cotton, polyester, and aramid), imparting significant improving in UV‐blocking property with light robustness loss.
Remarkable Mechanochromism in Blends of a π‐Conjugated Polymer P3TEOT: The Role of Conformational Transitions and Aggregation
Authors: Zessin Johanna , Schnepf Max , Oertel Ulrich , Beryozkina Tetyana , König Tobias A. F. , Fery Andreas , Mertig Michael , Kiriy Anton 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA novel mechanism for well‐pronounced mechanochromism in blends of a π‐conjugated polymer based on reversible conformational transitions of a chromophore rather than caused by its aggregation state, is exemplified. Particularly, a strong stretching‐induced bathochromic shift of the light absorption, or hypsochromic shift of the emission, is found in blends of the water‐soluble poly(3‐tri(ethylene glycol)) (P3TEOT) embedded into the matrix of thermoplastic polyvinyl alcohol. This counterintuitive phenomenon is explained in terms of the concentration dependency of the P3TEOT's aggregation state, which in turn results in different molecular conformations and optical properties. A molecular flexibility, provided by low glass transition temperature of P3TEOT, and the fact that P3TEOT adopts an intermediate, moderately planar conformation in the solid state, are responsible for the unusual complex mechanochromic behavior.
Chicago Youths’ Exposure to Community Violence: Contextualizing Spatial Dynamics of Violence and the Relationship With Psychological Functioning
Authors: DaViera Andrea L. , Roy Amanda L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study explores where and when community violence exposure (CVE) matters for psychological functioning in a sample of low‐income, racial/ethnic minority youth (M) age = 16.17, 55% female, 69% Black, and 31% Non‐Black/Latinx) living in Chicago. CVE was measured with violent crime data that were geocoded in terms of distance from youths’ home and school addresses, and then calculated in terms of three distinct spatial dynamics: chronicity, pervasiveness, and spatial proximity. These measures reflect indirect/objective CVE across different conceptualizations of time, space, and neighborhood context. We tested the relationship between each CVE measure and trait anxiety and behavioral and cognitive dysregulation while controlling for youth‐reported, direct violent victimization (e.g., being attacked) to examine how indirect/objective CVE occurring within youths’ neighborhood contexts matters beyond direct/subjective violence exposure. Results revealed that long‐term chronic, pervasive, and spatially proximal CVE was related to higher levels of behavioral dysfunction. In contrast, CVE within home‐ and school‐based neighborhoods interacted to predict trait anxiety; youth living in low‐crime neighborhoods and attending schools in high‐crime neighborhoods had the highest rates of trait anxiety. Measuring CVE within both home and school neighborhoods at specific spatial measurements and time frames is critical to understand and prevent the consequences of CVE.
Approach to overgrowth syndromes in the genome era
Authors: Burkardt Deepika D. , Tatton‐Brown Katrina , Dobyns William , Graham John M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis introduction to the special issue of AJMG Part C: Overgrowth Syndromes updates the current understanding of overgrowth syndromes. We clarify the terminology associated with overgrowth, review some common pathways to overgrowth and present a preliminary classification based on currently known genomic and epigenetic mechanisms. We introduce the articles of this issue—new research and reviews of well‐established and recently described overgrowth syndromes of the brain, body or both.
Use of cultivated foods and matrix habitat by Bale monkeys in forest fragments: Assessing local human attitudes and perceptions
Authors: Mekonnen Addisu , Fashing Peter J. , Bekele Afework , Stenseth Nils Chr. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPrimates inhabiting human‐modified landscapes often exploit matrix habitat to supplement their diet with cultivated foods, at times resulting in economic losses and conflict with local people. Understanding human‐nonhuman primate interactions and the attitudes and perceptions of local people towards crop feeding species are crucial to designing effective species‐based management plans. Over a 12‐month period, we used scan sampling to study the consumption of cultivated foods and matrix use patterns by two habituated groups of Bale monkeys (Chlorocebus djamdjamensis), Ethiopian‐endemic bamboo specialists, in two forest fragments (Kokosa and Afursa) set amidst human settlements and farmland in the southern Ethiopian Highlands. Further, we conducted interviews with local people to document their attitudes and perceptions towards Bale monkeys at the two sites. We found that Bale monkeys at Kokosa, a more degraded habitat by most measures, consumed significantly more cultivated foods than their counterparts at Afursa. Moreover, Bale monkeys at Kokosa spent significantly more time in the matrix than in the forest habitat, while monkeys at Afursa spent significantly less time in the matrix than in the forest habitat. Not surprisingly, local people displayed a more negative attitude towards monkeys inhabiting Kokosa than those inhabiting Afursa. The differences in Bale monkey cultivated food consumption and matrix use patterns—as well as in local people's attitudes and perceptions towards Bale monkeys—between Kokosa and Afursa are probably associated with differences in habitat structure, degree of habitat alteration, and land‐use practices between the sites. We conclude that to ensure long‐term coexistence between Bale monkeys and local people in human‐modified landscapes, it is vital to incorporate nearby matrix habitats into management plans and to work closely with local communities to develop effective nonlethal crop protection strategies, thereby reducing the likelihood of negative interactions between Bale monkeys and humans.
Chronic rhinosinusitis precipitated by tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors is the phenotype of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps
Authors: Papagiannopoulos Peter , Devins Kyle , Tong Charles Ching Lick , Yver Christina , Patel Neil N. , Kuhar Hannah N. , Bosso John V. , Kohanski Michael A. , Tajudeen Bobby A. , Kuan Edward C. , Batra Pete S. , Cohen Noam A. , Kennedy David W. , Palmer James N. , Montone Kathy , Adappa Nithin D. 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a frequently observed condition in patients with immunodeficiency secondary to tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNFαis). The histologic features of CRS caused by TNFαis have yet to be determined and may have important implications in understanding the pathophysiology of the disease process.MethodsA structured histopathology report was used to analyze sinus tissue removed during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). These structured histopathology variables were compared among patients with CRS on TNFαi (CRSαi), CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) patients, and CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) patients.ResultsEighteen CRSαi, 91 CRSwNP, and 113 CRSsNP patients undergoing FESS were analyzed. Compared to CRSsNP, CRSαi patients exhibited increased mucosal ulceration (16.7% vs 0.9%, p < 0.008), increased fibrosis (100% vs 34.5%, p < 0.001), and increased presence of Charcot‐Leiden crystals (16.7% vs 0%, p < 0.002). Compared to CRSwNP, CRSαi patients demonstrated increased fibrosis (100% vs 54.9%, p < 0.001), decreased presence of subepithelial edema (44.4% vs 69.2% p < 0.043), decreased eosinophil aggregates (22.2% vs 47.3% p < 0.042), and fewer eosinophils per high‐power field (44.4% vs 73.6%, p < 0.017).ConclusionCRSαi exhibits structured histopathology more similar to CRSsNP. In the appropriate clinical context, it may be reasonable that the medical regimen for these patients be focused on a more antineutrophilic, macrolide‐based approach. This study provides insight into the inflammatory environment of patients with CRSαi and may have implications for disease management.
Ligand‐Controlled Direct γ‐C−H Arylation of Aldehydes
Authors: Li Bijin , Lawrence Brianna , Li Guigen , Ge Haibo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe first example of PdII‐catalyzed γ‐C(sp3)−H functionalization of aliphatic and benzoheteroaryl aldehydes has been developed using a transient ligand and an external ligand, concurrently. A wide array of γ‐arylated aldehydes were readily accessed without preinstalling internal directing groups. The catalytic mechanism was studied by performing deuterium‐labelling experiments, which indicated that the γ‐C(sp3)−H bond cleavage is the rate‐limiting step during the reaction process. This reaction could be performed on a gram scale, and also demonstrated its potential application in the synthesis of new mechanofluorochromic materials with blue‐shifted mechanochromic properties.
Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution of 2‐Amido Benzyl Alcohols: Asymmetric Synthesis of 4H‐3,1‐Benzoxazines
Authors: Rajkumar Subramani , Tang Mengyao , Yang Xiaoyu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAn efficient method for the asymmetric synthesis of 4H‐3,1‐benzoxazines was developed by kinetic resolution of 2‐amido benzyl alcohols using chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed intramolecular cyclizations. A broad range of benzyl alcohols (both secondary and tertiary alcohols) were kinetically resolved with high selectivities, with an s factor of up to 94. Mechanistic studies were performed to elucidate the mechanism of these reactions, wherein the amide moieties reacted as the electrophiles. Gram‐scale reaction and facile transformations of the chiral products demonstrate the potential of this method in asymmetric synthesis of biologically active chiral heterocycles.