bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigating Alarming Media Messages About Nutrition and Health
Authors: Wiblom Jonna , Andrée Maria , Rundgren Carl-Johan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study focuses the emerging need for young people to critically respond to alarming messages in contemporary media highlighting the potential benefits or harms of certain foods. Besides being technical, advancements in the field of nutrition reported in media are often of tentative and speculative character, primarily selected and constructed on the basis of their news value rather than as representing established knowledge. The study aims to study students’ capabilities to navigate and critically respond to controversial media messages about health and nutrition in the context of science education. Our theoretical point of departure is in the concept “an examined life” in the critical reflection tradition of Socrates and the Stoics. We analyze how groups of upper secondary science class students engage in critical examination of a controversial message about cow’s milk encountered through Swedish public service news media on the Internet. The results illuminate that even when controversial findings are produced by a reputed university and communicated through independent media, students are capable of discerning the need to scrutinize such findings and are capable of performing such critical examination drawing on experiences of scientific investigations. Students’ openness to question authoritative voices in society and to illuminate the new findings on milk from multiple perspectives reflects how “an examined life” may be enacted in the context of science education. Inviting students to participate in related activities shows promise for enabling a critical examination of themselves and others in ways deemed important for democratic citizenship.
Possible Mechanisms of Long-Term Trend of June Rainfall over the Korean Peninsula
Authors: Lee Hyeran , Song Hwan-Jin , Sohn Byung-Ju 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe June rainfall over the Korean peninsula has exhibited a significant decrease in particular after late 1990s. From the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analyses on the surface temperature, this study found two modes to be closely related to the decrease of rainfall over the peninsula. The first (second) EOF mode is associated with the enhanced surface temperature and anticyclonic circulation over the eastern Lake Baikal to northeastern China (the far East of Russia). The second mode also appears to be related to the cyclonic circulation over the East China Sea and south of Japan islands. These circulation patterns induce southeastward or eastward water vapor transports, and then contribute to the decreased moisture flux convergence and rainfall over Korea. In conclusion, the recent decrease of June rainfall over the Korean peninsula is thought to be, in part, associated with changes in the East Asian Summer Monsoon circulation possibly caused by the local warming trends over the eastern Lake Baikal to Mongolia and far East of Russia.
Case report. Zeldzame cutane metastasering van urotheelcelcarcinoom twee jaar na cystectomie
Authors: de Angst Isabel B. , Leijte Joost A. P. , Loosveld Olaf J. L. , Westgeest Hans M , van Onna Ilze E. W. 
Published: January 2020

SamenvattingEen 77-jarige vrouw presenteerde zich op de polikliniek Dermatologie met een huidafwijking in de linkerlies. In 2016 onderging zij een robotgeassisteerde cystectomie met lymfeklierdissectie en werd een Brickerse deviatie aangelegd vanwege een pT3N1M0G3-urotheelcelcarcinoom (UCC). Postoperatief werd zij aanvullend bestraald, omdat er sprake was van een positief snijvlak. Na twee jaar follow-up presenteerde patiënte zich met lymfoedeem in haar linkerbeen en een huidafwijking in de linkerlies. Differentiaaldiagnostisch werd gedacht aan eczeem, herpes zoster of metastasen van het eerdere UCC. Een huidbiopt bevestigde de diagnose cutane metastasen van UCC. Cutane metastasen van urogenitale tumoren komen zelden voor en hebben een slechte prognose. Bij een patiënt met een bekend UCC en nieuw ontstane huidafwijkingen dient een cutane metastase daarom in de differentiaaldiagnose te worden meegenomen. Als behandeling kan palliatieve therapie overwogen worden. In deze casus kreeg patiënte chemotherapie.
Protonenpumpeninhibitoren und Osteoporoserisiko
Authors: Gasser Rudolf W. 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungProtonenpumpeninhibitoren (PPI) werden als Hemmer der Magensäuresekretion bei verschiedenen säureassoziierten Erkrankungen des oberen Gastrointestinaltrakts eingesetzt. Zahlreiche Studien ergaben eine Assoziation einer PPI-Therapie mit einem erhöhten Risiko für osteoporosebezogene Frakturen (OR 1,20–1,56). Das Frakturrisiko erhöht sich mit der Dauer und mit steigender Dosis der PPI-Gabe. Die Ursache für die Assoziation einer PPI-Therapie mit einem erhöhten Frakturrisiko ist nicht eindeutig geklärt und wahrscheinlich multifaktoriell. Als Ursachen diskutiert werden eine durch Säuremangel verminderte Absorption von Kalzium und Vitamin B12, ein sekundärer Hyperparathyreoidismus, eine Abnahme der Knochenmineraldichte (BMD) und ein erhöhtes Sturzrisiko. Eine Kombination von Bisphosphonaten mit PPI reduziert die frakturhemmende Wirkung von Bisphosphonaten, dadurch steigt das Frakturrisiko wieder. Ähnliches gilt für die Kombination von Teriparatid mit PPI. Die Gabe von Histamin-2-Rezeptorblockern ergab keinen Hinweis für ein erhöhtes Frakturrisiko, sodass diese Substanzen alternativ als Säurehemmer ohne negative Wirkung auf den Knochen gegeben werden können. Eine PPI-Therapie sollte nur bei eindeutiger Indikation und in möglichst kurzer Dauer verabreicht werden. Bei osteoporose- oder frakturgefährdeten Patienten sind bei einer PPI-Gabe besonders strenge Kriterien einzuhalten.
Parent‐adolescent relationship quality as a predictor of leaving home
Authors: Işık Akın Rengin , Breeman Linda D. , Meeus Wim , Branje Susan 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionLeaving home is a significant life transition that effects both emerging adults and their families. The age of leaving home has been increasing across industrialized societies, and children remain dependent on their parents for a longer time. The present study investigated the association between parent‐adolescent relationships and timing of leaving home over a timespan of six years: From middle adolescence to emerging adulthood.MethodsData came from three cohorts of two longitudinal studies in the Netherlands (N = 1100). At the start of the study, participants had a mean age of 16.41 (SD=.71), and approximately half of them (n = 547) were male. Adolescents completed questionnaires on parent‐adolescent relationship quality. The impact of positive and negative relationship characteristics on timing of leaving home were examined separately for mothers and fathers.ResultsSurvival analysis results showed that higher levels of mother's and father's warmth, and higher levels of power attributed to father, but not mother, predicted later timing of leaving home. Higher levels of parental autonomy support predicted earlier timing of leaving home. Conflict with parents was not associated with timing of leaving home, except in the father‐daughter relationship. Only, the effect of parental warmth on timing of leaving home remained robust when controlling for age, gender, education level, and SES.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that certain parent‐adolescent relationship characteristics contribute to the increase in age of leaving home. Parents may be able to prepare their children for a self‐sufficient living by balancing warmth and autonomy support they provide during adolescence.
Characterization of glacial silt and clay using automated mineralogy
Authors: Crompton Jeff W. , Flowers Gwenn E. , Dyck Brendan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGlacial erosion produces vast quantities of fine-grained sediment that has a far-reaching impact on Earth surface processes. To gain a better understanding of the production of glacial silt and clay, we use automated mineralogy to quantify the microstructure and mineralogy of rock and sediment samples from 20 basins in the St. Elias Mountains, Yukon, Canada. Sediments were collected from proglacial streams, while rock samples were collected from ice marginal outcrops and fragmented using electrical pulse disaggregation. For both rock fragments and sediments, we observe a log-normal distribution of grain sizes and a sub-micrometer terminal grain size. We find that the abrasion of silt and clay results in both rounding and the exploitation of through-going fractures. The abundance of inter- versus intragranular fractures depends on mineralogy and size. Unlike the relatively larger grains, where crushing and abrasion are thought to exploit and produce discrete populations of grain sizes, the comminution of fines leads to a grain size, composition and rounding that is continuously distributed across size, and highly dependent on source-rock properties.
Dealing With Burn Patients in War Zones
Authors: Koutras Antonios , Syllaios Athanasios , Tsilikis Ioannis , Kalinterakis Georgios , Zotos Prokopis-Andreas , Zouliati Ifigeneia , Michalinos Adamantios , Karavokyros Ioannis , Schizas Dimitrios , Pikoulis Emmanouil 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTObjective:Treating burn patients in the battlefield is one of the biggest challenges that military doctors and medical personnel can face. Wound patterns have been changed over time due to the introduction of new weapons, and many different aspects play a major role in the management of those burns nowadays. There is a potential gap in care of burn patients in war zones.Methods:A thorough literature search in PubMed, scientific journals, and Internet sites was conducted in regard to burn patients and trauma in war zones.Results:It is crucial for military surgeons to be able to stabilize burn patients during wartime conflicts, especially those patients who suffer from extreme burn injuries, as specialized treatment should be given. Medical personnel should be aware of all medication types used, the ways to minimize the risk of bacterial infection, and the ways to keep the injured safe.Conclusions:Injured civilians with burn trauma in the field of battle are deserving care, and special recognition should be given to the non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that strive to ease human suffering in war zones. Proper management of burn patients in war zones is crucial, and military medical staff and NGOs can play a key role in that purpose.
Prevalence survey on catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) in public hospitals in Hong Kong 2018
Authors: Chen Hong , Lee Joyce Wai Yan , Yu Kelvin Chung Ho , Chan Christina Ka Wai , Wong Andrew Tin Yau , Lai Raymond Wai Man , Fung Kitty Sau Chun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe conducted a survey of 16,914 patients to determine the point prevalence of healthcare-associated catheter-associated urinary tract infection (HA-CAUTI) and urinary catheter care in public hospitals in Hong Kong. Overall HA-CAUTI prevalence was 0.27%. Compliance was generally good, except for documenting the date of planned removal and securing the catheter properly.
INFINITE FAMILIES OF CONGRUENCES FOR OVERPARTITIONS WITH RESTRICTED ODD DIFFERENCES
Authors: LIN BERNARD L. S. , LIU JIAN , WANG ANDREW Y. Z. , XIAO JIEJUAN 
Published: January 2020

Let $\overline{t}(n)$ be the number of overpartitions in which (i) the difference between successive parts may be odd only if the larger part is overlined and (ii) if the smallest part is odd then it is overlined. Ramanujan-type congruences for $\overline{t}(n)$ modulo small powers of $2$ and $3$ have been established. We present two infinite families of congruences modulo $5$ and $27$ for $\overline{t}(n)$, the first of which generalises a recent result of Chern and Hao [‘Congruences for two restricted overpartitions’, Proc. Math. Sci. 129 (2019), Article 31].
Night-restricted feeding of dairy cows modifies daily rhythms of feed intake, milk synthesis and plasma metabolites compared with day-restricted feeding
Authors: Salfer Isaac J. , Harvatine Kevin J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe timing of feed intake can alter circadian rhythms of peripheral tissues. Milk synthesis displays a daily rhythm across several species, but the effect of feeding time on these rhythms is poorly characterised. The objective of this experiment was to determine if the time of feed intake modifies the daily patterns of milk synthesis, plasma metabolites and body temperature in dairy cows. Sixteen lactating Holstein dairy cows were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment sequences in a cross-over design with 17 d periods. Treatments included day-restricted feeding (DRF; feed available from 07.00 to 23.00 hours) and night-restricted feeding (NRF; feed available from 19.00 to 11.00 hours). Cows were milked every 6 h on the last 7 d of each period, and blood samples were collected to represent every 4 h over the day. Peak milk yield was shifted from morning in DRF to evening in NRF, while milk fat, protein and lactose concentration peaked in the evening in DRF and the morning in NRF. Plasma glucose, insulin, NEFA and urea nitrogen concentration fit daily rhythms in all treatments. Night feeding increased the amplitude of glucose, insulin and NEFA rhythms and shifted the daily rhythms by 8 to 12 h (P < 0·05). Night feeding also phase-delayed the rhythm of core body temperature and DRF increased its amplitude. Altering the time of feed availability shifts the daily rhythms of milk synthesis and plasma hormone and metabolite concentrations and body temperature, suggesting that these rhythms may be entrained by food intake.
Brain free water alterations in first-episode psychosis: a longitudinal analysis of diagnosis, course of illness, and medication effects
Authors: Guo J. Y. , Lesh T. A. , Niendam T. A. , Ragland J. D. , Tully L. M. , Carter C. S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMultiple lines of evidence suggest the presence of altered neuroimmune processes in patients with schizophrenia (Sz) and severe mood disorders. Recent studies using a novel free water diffusion tensor imaging (FW DTI) approach, proposed as a putative biomarker of neuroinflammation, atrophy, or edema, have shown significantly increased FW in patients with Sz. However no studies to date have investigated the longitudinal stability of FW alterations during the early course of psychosis, nor have studies focused separately on FE psychosis patients with Sz or bipolar disorder (BD) with psychotic features.MethodsThe current study included 188 participants who underwent diffusion magnetic resonance imaging scanning at baseline. Sixty-four participants underwent follow-up rescanning after 12 months. DTI-based alterations in patients were calculated using voxelwise tract-based spatial statistics and region of interest analyses.ResultsPatients with FE psychosis, both Sz and BD, exhibited increased FW at illness onset which remained unchanged over the 12-month follow-up period. Preliminary analyses suggested that antipsychotic medication exposure was associated with higher FW in gray matter that reached significance in the BD group. Higher FW in white matter correlated with negative symptom severity.ConclusionsOur results support the presence of elevated FW at the onset of psychosis in both Sz and BD, which remains stable during the early course of the illness, with no evidence of either progression or remission.
Politicised enforcement in China: evidence from the enforcement of land laws and regulations
Authors: Sun Xin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPolitically motivated interference by politicians, or “politicised enforcement”, is a common cause of enforcement failure in many countries. Existing research on politicised enforcement has focused largely on incentives driven by electoral competition, while fewer studies analysed its mechanisms in an authoritarian context. Drawing on the case of China, this article develops the argument that politicised enforcement can be a consequence of the strategies adopted by authoritarian ruling elites to maintain political survival. Using a panel data set on the enforcement of land laws and regulations, the empirical analysis suggests that the intensity of enforcement correlates with economic performance and patron–client ties between central leaders and local officials, suggesting that political imperatives faced by ruling elites to promote economic growth and carry out clientelistic exchanges affect government decisions on enforcement. Moreover, these correlations remain robust after the implementation of reforms that promoted administrative centralisation within the enforcement agency, suggesting that politicised enforcement reflects the strategic behaviour of the ruling elites of the Party. These findings contribute to the literature on enforcement in authoritarian regimes broadly and in China specifically.
Trajectories of family care over the lifecourse: evidence from Canada
Authors: Fast Janet , Keating Norah , Eales Jacquie , Kim Choong , Lee Yeonjung 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the midst of a ‘care crisis’, attention has turned again to families who are viewed both as untapped care resources and as disappearing ones. Within this apparent policy/demographic impasse, we test empirically theorised trajectories of family care, creating evidence of diverse patterns of care across the lifecourse. The study sample, drawn from a Statistics Canada national survey of family care, comprised all Canadians aged 65 and older who had ever provided care (N = 3,299). Latent Profile Analysis yielded five distinct care trajectories: compressed generational, broad generational, intensive parent care, career care and serial care. They differed in age of first care experience, number of care episodes, total years of care and amount of overlap among episodes. Trajectories generally corresponded to previously hypothesised patterns but with additional characteristics that added to our understanding of diversity in lifecourse patterns of care. The five trajectories identified provide the basis for further understanding how time and events unfold in various ways across lifecourses of care. A gap remains in understanding how relationships with family and social network members evolve in the context of care. A challenge is presented to policy makers to temper a ‘families by stealth’ policy approach with one that supports family carers who are integral to health and social care systems.
Detection of Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia ibidis in the Endangered Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon)
Authors: Li Zhaocai , Liu Ping , Hou Jia , Xu Guanglan , Zhang Junfeng , Lei Yinghu , Lou Zhongzi , Liang Lin , Wen Yuan , Zhou Jizhang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Chlamydia spp. are a group of obligate intracellular pathogens causing a number of diseases in animals and humans. Avian chlamydiosis (AC), caused by Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) as well as new emerging C. avium, C. gallinacea and C. ibidis, have been described in nearly 500 avian species worldwidely. The Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) is a world endangered avian species with limited population and vulnerable for various infections. To get a better understanding of the prevalence of Chlamydia spp. in the endangered Crested Ibis, faecal samples were collected and analysed. The results confirmed that 20.20% (20/99) of the faecal samples were positive for Chlamydiaceae and were identified as C. ibidis with co-existence of C. psittaci in one of the 20 positive samples. In addition, ompA sequence of C. psittaci obtained in this study was classified into the provisional genotype Matt116, while that of C. ibidis showed high genetic diversity, sharing only 77% identity with C. ibidis reference strain 10-1398/6. We report for the first time the presence of C. ibidis and C. psittaci in the Crested Ibis, which may indicate a potential threat to the endangered birds and should be aware of the future protection practice.
Incidence and outcomes of prosthetic valve endocarditis in adults with tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Egbe Alexander C. , Kothapalli Srikanth , Miranda William R. , Jadav Raja , Banala Keerthana , Vojjini Rahul , Faizee Faizan , Khalil Fouad , Najam Maria , Angirekula Mounika , Desimone Daniel C. , Connolly Heidi M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground:The risk of endocarditis varies with CHD complexity and the presence of prosthetic valves. The purpose of the study was therefore to describe incidence and outcomes of prosthetic valve endocarditis in adults with repair tetralogy of Fallot.Methods:Retrospective review of adult tetralogy of Fallot patients who underwent prosthetic valve implantation, 1990–2017. We defined prosthetic valve endocarditis-related complications as prosthetic valve dysfunction, perivalvular extension of infection such abscess/aneurysm/fistula, heart block, pulmonary/systemic embolic events, recurrent endocarditis, and death due to sepsis.Results:A total of 338 patients (age: 37 ± 15 years) received 352 prosthetic valves (pulmonary [n = 308, 88%], tricuspid [n = 13, 4%], mitral [n = 9, 3%], and aortic position [n = 22, 6%]). The annual incidence of prosthetic valve endocarditis was 0.4%. There were 12 prosthetic valve endocarditis-related complications in six patients, and these complications were prosthetic valve dysfunction (n = 4), systemic/pulmonary embolic events (n = 2), heart block (n = 1), aortic root abscess (n = 1), recurrent endocarditis (n = 2), and death due to sepsis (n = 1). Three (50%) patients required surgery at 2 days, 6 weeks, and 23 weeks from the time of prosthetic valve endocarditis diagnosis. Altogether three of the six (50%) patients died, and one of these deaths was due to sepsis.Conclusions:The incidence, complication rate, and outcomes of prosthetic valve endocarditis in tetralogy of Fallot patients underscore some of the risks of having a prosthetic valve. It is important to educate the patients on the need for early presentation if they develop systemic symptoms, have a high index of suspicion for prosthetic valve endocarditis, and adopt a multi-disciplinary care approach in this high-risk population.
P wave dispersion, Tpeak–Tend interval, and Tp-e/QT ratio in children with psoriasis
Authors: Çetin Mecnun , Yavuz İbrahim H. , Gümüştaş Mehmet , Yavuz Göknur Ö. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground:Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory, multi-system disease that often begins in childhood and characterised by inflammatory skin, nails, scalp, and joint manifestations. The inflammation in psoriasis may promote some effect on the cardiac conduction system.Objective:The aim of this study is to investigate myocardial repolarisation anomaly on the conducting system in the paediatric psoriasis using P wave dispersion, Tpeak–Tend interval, and Tp-e/QT ratio.Methods:Forty-two patients diagnosed with psoriasis and 37 age- and sex-matched healthy children were enrolled in the study. Electrocardiographic parameters in psoriasis and control group were recorded from an electrocardiogram for each patient.Results:The results indicated that the parameters including Pdis, QTc dis, Tp-e dis interval, and Tp-e max/QTmax ratios, which are known to be key indicators for the prediction of severe atrial or ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death and also important parameters used as the indicators for the non-invasive evaluation of the transmural heterogeneity were significantly longer in the study group compared to the control group (p < 0.05).Conclusions:This study includes the evidence linking psoriasis with increased myocardial repolarisation heterogeneity. These findings suggest that this patient population may be at an increased risk for arrhythmias. Our findings may be a basis for further studies.