bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical flood vulnerability assessment of buildings in Kota Bharu, Malaysia: an indicator-based approach
Authors: Usman Kaoje Ismaila , Abdul Rahman Muhammad Zulkarnain , Idris Nurul Hazrina , Tam Tze Huey , Mohd Sallah Mohd Radhie 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a geospatial approach for buildings flood vulnerability assessment using an indicator-based method (IBM) to support flood risk assessment and mapping of physical elements at risk in Kota Bharu District, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach
The study developed an indicator-based approach to undertake physical flood vulnerability assessment of buildings. The approach takes into consideration flood hazard intensity, building characteristics and structures surrounding the environment as factors that influence flood vulnerability. The aggregation of the total flood vulnerability index is carried out in a geographic information system (GIS) environment.

Findings
The results provide a spatial representation of buildings flood vulnerability index in Kota Bharu Malaysia, and the degree of expected vulnerability is expressed on a scale between 0 to 1 (low damage to total damage). Mapping flood vulnerability index of buildings should be considered in future flood mitigation and evacuation planning.

Originality/value
Unlike other indicator-based methods (IBMs) developed for physical flood vulnerability assessment, in the current study, hazard intensity has been considered and incorporated in the physical flood vulnerability model.
Appropriation of sustainability priorities to gain strategic advantage in a supply chain
Authors: Kumar Anup , Shrivastav Santosh , Adlakha Amit , Vishwakarma Niraj K. 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe authors develop a methodology to select appropriate sustainable supply chain indicators (SSCIs) to measure Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the global supply chain.Design/methodology/approachSSCIs are identified by reviewing the extant literature and topic modeling. Further, they are evaluated based on existing SDGs and ranked using the fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method. Notably, the evaluation of indicators is a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) process within a fuzzy environment. The methodology has been explained using a case study from the automobile industry.FindingsThe case study identifies appropriate SSCIs and differentiates them among peer suppliers for gaining a competitive advantage. The results reveal that top-ranked sustainability indicators include the management of natural resources, energy, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and social investment.Practical implicationsThe study outcome will enable suppliers, specialists and decision makers to understand the criteria that improve supply chain sustainability in the automobile industry. The analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of the competitive package of indicators for gaining strategic advantage. This proactive sustainability indicator selection promotes and enhances sustainability reporting while fulfilling regulatory requirements and increasing collaboration potential with trustworthy downstream partners. This study sets the stage for further research in SSCIs’ competitive strategy in the automobile industry along with its supply chains.Originality/valueThis study is unique as it provides a framework for determining relevant SSCIs, which can be distinguished from peer suppliers, while also matching economic, environmental and social metrics to achieve a competitive advantage.
Determinants of diffusion of environmental sustainability innovations in hospitals of Bihar state in India
Authors: Chaudhary Richa , Kumar Chandan 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the effect of the characteristics of innovation and change adopters on the rate of adoption of environmental sustainability innovations in hospitals of Bihar state in India.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from hospital administration, managers, doctors, nurses and staff working at various levels in both public and private hospitals of Bihar. Research model was tested using regression analysis with the help of statistical package for social sciences 24.FindingsInnovation characteristics of relative advantage, simplicity, trialability and compatibility were found to significantly predict the adoption of eco-innovations while innovativeness and environmental opinion leadership failed to demonstrate any significant impact on sustainability adoption in hospitals.Originality/valueThis study provides important information to the change agents on how to diffuse green innovations in the unsustainable and inefficient areas and make them more sustainable. With no systematic investigation of sustainability innovations being done in the health-care sector in India, this study on eco-innovations in a resource-constrained state of India provides a fresh perspective and practical insights on the state of sustainability innovations in health care.
Innovation policy in the agri-food sector: evidence from undeveloped Mexican regions
Authors: Solis-Navarrete José Alberto , Bucio-Mendoza Saray , Mata-Vázquez Pedro , Astudillo-Miller María Xochitl 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
Mexico has an economic dynamic mostly associated with low added value sectors; regions of Guerrero and Michoacan highlight at national and even international levels in the agri-food production, however, they present substantial lags in their development and competitiveness. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the innovation policy in the agri-food sector of these regions through its regulations and local policy.

Design/methodology/approach
The present work has a qualitative approach through a case study with the treatment of units of analysis (UA), in which innovation policy in the agri-food sector as main UA, whose sources of interpretation have been direct observation and documentary sources such as laws and the guiding instruments of the regional public policy on innovation and the agri-food sector.

Findings
This paper identifies severe institutional weaknesses, a lack of incentives and structures for generating certainty and innovation capabilities in the agri-food sector. Both regions have weak and poorly articulated institutions in their innovation policy, with few incentives and scarcely defined property rights tending to increase uncertainty among the actors participating in the agri-food sector, although the economic dynamics of both regions is mostly associated with that sector, therefore, the low development and lack of competitiveness are a direct consequence of a minimum priority of innovation policy.

Research limitations/implications
Our research is useful for the academic sphere by contributing to applied knowledge on the implications of innovation policy at the sectoral level on the development and competitiveness of regions, particularly in an emerging country such as Mexico, allowing to generate bridges gaps between theory and practice.

Practical implications
The main contribution is for policymakers, allowing them to compare and facilitate a better design of regulatory and public policy instruments that enable them to address and enhance economic vocations through innovation for regional development.

Originality/value
The research focuses on a debate at the regional level on the institutional limitations of promoting innovation through public policy. This study approaches economic and political processes having as empirical evidence of two undeveloped Mexican regions that stand out internationally in agri-food production. These regions have sectoral dynamics inserted in global value chains but have not achieved a local articulation, which has negatively affected their competitiveness and development. The cases of Guerrero and Michoacan are examples of regions like many others, which present diverse institutional weaknesses and lack of incentives associated with innovation policy that limit the development and articulation of their territorial capabilities.
An emerging market perspective of what makes professional service firms successful
Authors: Sackey Felix Nana Abaka , Caesar Livingstone Divine 
Published: November 2020

PurposeDespite the criticality of strategic partnerships to the survival and success of professional service firms (PSF) in emerging markets, there is a dearth of research on the subject matter. Specifically, not much is known concerning the dynamics of partnerships among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the professional services sector of the economy. This paper aims to explore the dynamics of the impact of constructs such as attributes of partnership, communication behaviour and collaborative conflict resolution on partnership success.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative survey sent to 300 small and medium-sized PSFs achieved a 79% response rate. The data is then analysed using bivariate and multi-variate techniques.FindingsThe results revealed a positive relationship between two of the three constituents of attributes of the partnership (i.e. commitment and coordination) and the success of partnerships. Commitment and coordination emerged as the significant attributes of partners that affect the success of the partnership. Contrary to previous studies, trust and information sharing did not have a positive impact on partnership success.Practical implicationsPSFs in emerging markets need concerted efforts to maintain competitive and sustainable partnerships. To make any significant impact, they must develop contemporary skills in collaborative conflict management.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the need for PSFs and SMEs in other service sectors of emerging markets to harness partnerships as a valuable tool to overcome the policy shortcomings of current regulatory frameworks within their respective markets.
Impacts of Urbanization and Intensification of Agriculture on Transboundary Aquifers: A Case Study
Authors: Hargrove W.L. , Sheng Z. , Granados A. , Heyman J.M. , Mubako S.T. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe objectives were to (1) delineate the complex set of rules governing the fate and transfer of water rights as agricultural land is urbanized in Texas and New Mexico in the United States and Chihuahua in Mexico and (2) estimate the change in water use as a result of such urbanization. Important additional determinants of water use in the region include intensification of agriculture and the hydroschizophrenic policy framework. We conducted interviews with key informants to identify the possible outcomes for changes in water rights as land is urbanized. We constructed decision trees for each of the three jurisdictions, Chihuahua, Texas, and New Mexico, that identified the possible outcomes from urbanization. For each of the possible outcomes in the decision tree, we estimated a range of potential water use outcomes and the most likely water use outcome on a per unit of land area basis. Results show that urbanization of agricultural land has almost no impact on the aggregate demand for or use of surface water. However, the impacts of urbanization on groundwater use vary considerably over the region from Texas to New Mexico to Chihuahua. In New Mexico and Chihuahua where groundwater rights can be leased or sold to other users, the likely impact is a net increase in groundwater use as land is urbanized, ranging from 0 to 3,000 m3/ha in New Mexico and averaging 3,000 m3/ha or more in Chihuahua. In Texas, there is a net benefit in groundwater savings, but those savings are subject to being offset by increased groundwater pumping to meet the needs of expanding pecan production. The net result is continued groundwater depletion, threatening the life of the transboundary aquifers, the Hueco Bolson and the Mesilla Bolson, in the Middle Rio Grande basin (defined as the part of the basin between Elephant Butte Reservoir in New Mexico to the confluence of the river with the Rio Conchos from Mexico).
Relationship between endothelial function and vascular stiffness on lower limit of cerebral autoregulation in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery
Authors: Hori Daijiro , Nomura Yohei , Nakano Mitsunori , Akiyoshi Kei , Kimura Naoyuki , Yamaguchi Atsushi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHemodynamic management based on cerebral autoregulation range is a possible strategy for preserving major organ perfusion during cardiovascular surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation of vascular properties with lower limit of cerebral autoregulation (LLA). LLA was monitored in 66 patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery using near‐infrared spectroscopy. To determine the clinical importance of LLA monitoring, association of blood pressure excursions below LLA and acute kidney injury (AKI) was evaluated. Flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured for the evaluation of endothelial function and aortic stiffness. Variables associated with LLA were evaluated. Excluding patients on hemodialysis, there were 15 patients (25.9%) who developed AKI. Blood pressure excursions below LLA were higher in patients who developed AKI (4.55 mm Hg × hr vs. 1.23 mm Hg × hr, P = .017). In the univariate analysis, prevalence of ischemic heart disease (No IHD: 53 ± 13.0 mm Hg vs. IHD: 60.0 ± 13.6 mm Hg, P = .056) and FMD (r = −0.42, 95% CI −0.61 to −0.19, P < .001) were associated with LLA before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). During CPB, calcium channel blocker (No Ca blocker: 42 ± 10.6 mm Hg vs. Ca blocker: 49 ± 14.3 mm Hg, P = .033), diabetes (no DM: 44 ± 13.2 mm Hg vs. DM: 55 ± 10.0 mm Hg, P = .024), FMD (r = −0.32, 95% CI −0.55 to −0.05, P = .021), and PWV (r = 0.28, 95% CI 0.012 to 0.513, P = .041) were associated with LLA. Multivariate analysis showed that FMD was correlated with LLA before CPB (r = −2.19, 95% CI −3.621 to −0.755, P = .003), while PWV was correlated with LLA during CPB (r = 0.01, 95% CI 0.001‐0.019, P = .023). Endothelial function and aortic stiffness may be important factors in determining LLA at different phases in cardiovascular surgery.
Microvascular retinal alterations in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after pneumatic retinopexy
Authors: Kaderli Sema Tamer , Karalezli Aylin , Sul Sabahattin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the macular microvascularity with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) which were successfully treated with pneumatic retinopexy (PR).MethodsThirty eyes of thirty patients who were treated with PR (12 eyes with macula‐off RRD and 18 eyes with macula‐on RRD) were included in this prospective study. OCTA was used to evaluate the macular perfusion changes postoperatively at 1 and 3 months. The fellow eyes (30 eyes) were used as control for comparison. Parafoveal retinal thickness (RT) and best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were evaluated.ResultsVessel density (VD) in SCP, DCP and choriocapillaris plexus (CCP) flow area was significantly lower in the macula‐off group one month after the PR (p < 0.001). In the macula‐off group, VD in SCP, DCP and CCP flow area significantly increased at months 3 (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.009). The inner RT, RT and FAZ decreased three months after PR (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, <0.001). The FAZ was significantly larger in the macula‐off group at third months after PR (p < 0.001). The inner RT was higher in the macula‐off group at third month (p = 0.012). There was no significant difference between the groups in means of final VD, CCP flow area and RT. There was also a negative correlation between the final BCVA (logMAR) and FAZ at month 3 (r = 0.776, p = 0.003).ConclusionOptical coherence tomography angiography evaluation of macular capillary plexuses may be useful for predicting vascular structural changes in patients undergoing PR.
Subjective and objective refractions in eyes with extended‐depth‐of‐focus intraocular lenses using echelette optics: clinical and experimental study
Authors: Ota Yuka , Minami Keiichiro , Oki Shinichi , Bissen‐Miyajima Hiroko , Okamoto Keiichiro , Nakashima Masaya , Tsubota Kazuo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate differences in subjective and objective refractions in eyes with extended‐depth‐of‐focus intraocular lenses (EDOF IOLs) using echelette optics, and the effect of the light wavelength used during examinations.MethodsIn the prospective study, subjective and objective refractions of 128 eyes of 64 patients were examined 3 months after implantation of the EDOF IOLs (ZXR00V, Johnson & Johnson Surgival Vision). Objective refractions were measured using an autorefractor with a near‐infrared (NIR) light source. Clinical differences in the spherical, cylindrical and spherical equivalent (SE) refractions between the subjective and objective refractions were evaluated. Then, lens powers of monofocal, EDOF and diffractive bifocal IOLs in the use of a 850‐nm light source were measured experimentally for using a lensmeter, and the differences from the monofocal IOLs were calculated.ResultsThe mean objective refractions were more myopic (p < 0.001) than the subjective refractions; the differences in the spherical, cylindrical and SE refractions were −0.71, −0.26 and −0.84 dioptre, respectively. Experimental investigation resulted that there was the mean difference of 0.83 D with the EDOF from monofocal IOLs at 850 nm, while the difference was −0.20 D with bifocal IOLs.ConclusionsThe diffractive EDOF IOLs using echelette gratings inherently induced constant differences in the subjective and objective refractions, which arose from the chromatic difference in IOL powers for the visible and NIR lights.
Determinants of vitreomacular traction width: associations with foveal floor width and vitreoretinal interface changes
Authors: Grinton Michael , Melville Harry , George Grace , Tyagi Pallavi , Avery Peter , Wickham Louisa , Steel David H. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo investigate the relationship between vitreomacular traction (VMT) width, foveal floor width (FFW) and other anatomical characteristics between eyes of patients with VMT.Retrospective observational study of unilateral and bilateral VMT cases from two specialist ophthalmic centres in the United Kingdom (UK) between 2016 and 2018. For unilateral VMT cases: VMT width in the affected eye and FFW in the non‐affected fellow eye were measured. In bilateral VMT cases: VMT width in both eyes was measured. In all cases, the presence of any associated inner or outer retinal, and vitreoretinal interface (VRI) changes, including epiretinal membrane, was also documented.88 patients fulfilled the study criteria: 57 having unilateral and 31 bilateral VMT. For unilateral VMT cases, log (VMT) width was significantly correlated with FFW (r = 0.347, p = 0.008). Using stepwise linear regression, FFW (p = 0.004) and VRI changes (p = 0.03) were both significantly associated with VMT width with a R2 of 0.21. In bilateral VMT cases, there was strong positive correlation between log (VMT) width (r = 0.88, p < 0.001), and the presence of any VRI (r = 0.90, p < 0.001) or outer retinal changes (r = 0.50, p < 0.001) between the two eyes.These findings suggest that individual variations in foveal morphology as measured by the FFW, along with the presence of vitreoretinal interface changes, are associated with the extent of VMT width. VMT width, VRI and outer retinal changes were also highly correlated between eyes in bilateral VMT, suggesting that individual patient factors, which may be genetic or acquired, determine their presence and extent.
Highlights as an Early Predictor of Student Comprehension and Interests
Authors: Winchell Adam , Lan Andrew , Mozer Michael 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWhen engaging with a textbook, students are inclined to highlight key content. Although students believe that highlighting and subsequent review of the highlights will further their educational goals, the psychological literature provides little evidence of benefits. Nonetheless, a student’s choice of text for highlighting may serve as a window into her mental state—her level of comprehension, grasp of the key ideas, reading goals, and so on. We explore this hypothesis via an experiment in which 400 participants read three sections from a college‐level biology text, briefly reviewed the text, and then took a quiz on the material. During initial reading, participants were able to highlight words, phrases, and sentences, and these highlights were displayed along with the complete text during the subsequent review. Consistent with past research, the amount of highlighted material is unrelated to quiz performance. Nonetheless, highlighting patterns may allow us to infer reader comprehension and interests. Using multiple representations of the highlighting patterns, we built probabilistic models to predict quiz performance and matrix factorization models to predict what content would be highlighted in one passage from highlights in other passages. We find that quiz score prediction accuracy reliably improves with the inclusion of highlighting data (by about 1%–2%), both for held‐out students and for held‐out student questions (i.e., questions selected randomly for each student), but not for held‐out questions. Furthermore, an individual’s highlighting pattern is informative of what she highlights elsewhere. Our long‐term goal is to design digital textbooks that serve not only as conduits of information into the reader’s mind but also allow us to draw inferences about the reader at a point where interventions may increase the effectiveness of the material.
Social norms for fairness and board voting behavior: An experimental investigation
Authors: Yin Xile , Chen Siyu , Li Dahui , Zhang Feng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractResearch Question/IssueSocial norms theory suggests that people voluntarily defend social norms even when their economic interests are not directly affected by norm violations. On the basis of this theory, we posit that when managers seek personal gains at the expense of shareholders, independent directors may be motivated by social norms for fairness to prevent unfair outcomes. We conducted an experiment to investigate the roles of social norms for fairness in a board wherein insiders and uninformed independent directors simultaneously voted in favor of or against a project with either good or bad quality.Research Findings/InsightsIndependent directors who valued higher levels of fairness norms were less likely to vote in favor of the project. This negative relationship was higher when insiders had poor reputations. However, insiders were inclined to vote in favor of the project, regardless of project quality. Furthermore, fairness norms had a double‐edged effect on board performance, which was dependent on project quality.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsWe adapt social norms theory to the board voting scene with features of group decision‐making and information asymmetry. We find that fairness norms may motivate independent directors to vote against the project. However, the norm heterogeneity of independent directors greatly reduces their bargaining power with insiders, which suggests that monitoring independent directors who are driven by fairness norms has little effect on the voting behavior of insiders.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsFor regulators and firms, we suggest that fairness norms should be treated as a two‐edged sword. The brightness (or darkness) of social norms depends on the trade‐off between gained fairness and loss of board performance. Governance mechanisms that can reduce information asymmetry and norm heterogeneity of independent directors may help maintain fairness in the board while reducing its negative effect on board performance.