bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Are Not Created Equal: How Gender Inequality Influences These Cells and Affects Cancer Therapy
Authors: Gabrilovich Dmitry I. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Summary:
In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Bayik and colleagues demonstrated sexual dimorphism in accumulation of different populations of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in glioblastoma and showed that they could be targeted by different agents.
See related article by Bayik et al., p. 1210.
Same Name, Different Game: EGFR Drives Intrinsic KRASG12C Inhibitor Resistance in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Koleilat Mohamad Karim , Kwong Lawrence N. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Summary:
The discovery of covalent inhibitors of KRASG12C has led to promising clinical results in lung cancer, but disappointing response rates in colon cancer. In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Misale and colleagues identify high endogenous EGFR activity as the underlying mechanism of intrinsic resistance, which can be overcome by anti-EGFR antibody coadministration.
See related article by Amodio et al., p. 1129.
A memória coletiva como heterotopia
Authors: Bengio Fernanda Cristine dos Santos , Lemos Flávia Cristina Silveira , Santos Margarete Cordeiro dos 
Published: August 2020

Buscou-se neste artigo apresentar uma análise da memória coletiva sobre o bairro da Campina, na cidade de Belém, Pará, como uma heterotopia afirmada pela construção da Belém da Saudade que se assenta nas evocações mnemônicas da belle époque. A sustentação teórica e metodológica do texto foi construída a partir das contribuições de Michel Foucault, Ecléa Bosi, Maurice Halbwachs e Michel Pollak. Foi traçada uma análise arqueogenealógica do espaço patrimonializado, a qual foi costurada pela problematizaçãoda memória coletiva sobre ele e seus efeitos. Para dar corpo a esta pesquisa, foram trazidos recortes das entrevistas realizadas com moradores e ex-moradores de Campina. O mapeamento discursivo aponta a memória coletiva como dispositivo afetivo diretamente relacionado às práticas de cuidado com o bairro, bem como à produção de heterotopias, com seus sistemas de abertura e fechamento, que modulam os usos do espaço, bem como a relação entre os sujeitos.
Espacialização de áreas inundáveis no baixo curso do Rio Tibagi – PR
Authors: Sousa Rodrigo Vitor Barbosa , Rocha Paulo Cesar 
Published: August 2020

Esse artigo teve como objetivo espacializar as áreas inundáveis no sítio urbano de Jataizinho – PR, que fica no baixo curso do Rio Tibagi e é considerada uma das cidades mais afetadas pelas inundações desse rio. O mapeamento foi realizado por meio do uso de geotecnologias, como GNSS, estereoscopia digital e geoprocessamento. Os resultados apontam que as inundações estão concentradas em dois grupos principais, quais sejam, grupo A: inundações nas áreas de planície fluvial e na transição destas com áreas de terraço, compreendidas entre as cotas altimétricas 339,346 m e 340,520 m; e grupo B: inundações nas áreas de terraço e na transição destas com algumas colinas, ou seja, entre as cotas altimétricas 340,521 m e 341,59 m. As inundações do Rio Tibagi apresentam período de retorno a partir de 5 anos, já os episódios mais bruscos de inundações denotam período de retorno a partir de 25 anos. Observa-se que, parte significativa das áreas inundáveis é ocupada por habitantes da cidade. Os resultados obtidos mostraram-se satisfatórios, de modo que o mapeamento realizado poderá ser utilizado como ferramenta de apoio ao ordenamento territorial e ambiental da cidade de Jataizinho.
Analysis of sonority in piano pieces
Authors: Bragagnolo Bibiana , Guigue Didier 
Published: August 2020

This paper presents an analysis of sonority in selected parts of two performances of a piano piece by the Brazilian composer Almeida Prado, extracted from the first volume of his cycle Cartas Celestes I (1974), and of this piece as a whole. The main goal of this analysis is to present a methodology where the performative decisions are understood as main sources of information, with specific attention to the sonic aspects of the piece. In this context, the musical work is understood as a process, since the score is only one of the elements that will influence the final result (Costa, 2016). The methodology consists of three main steps, and was based on the methodology of analysis of the sonority by Guigue (2009): (1) the first step is the artistic process, which gets up to the construction of two performances of the piece by the same pianist (the first author of this paper), with different and contrasting performative decisions, and their recordings; (2) then, the piece is divided into homogeneous sonic units, always having the performative decisions as guides; and (3) at last, these units are analyzed using the software Spear and Sonic Visualiser for audio files and Open Music for MIDI files. The methodology intends to include the performance in the scope of musical analysis, as performative decisions may lead to dramatic differences in the final perceived sonic layout of a musical work.
Negative Anthropology
Authors: Weller Shane 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This essay charts Beckett’s engagement with the concept of the human from the 1930s to the 1980s. Considering in particular his rethinking of what he terms “true humanity” (vraie humanité) in his 1945 essay on the work of the Van Velde brothers, his remarks on “humanity in ruins” in “The Capital of the Ruins” (1946), and his response in early 1949 to Francis Ponge’s claims regarding a humanity to come in an essay on the painter Georges Braque, the essay argues that Beckett not only challenges various forms of anthropomorphism and anthropocentrism, but undertakes a ‘negative anthropology’ that weakens the distinctions between the human and other animate and inanimate forms of being.
Language at the End of the World
Authors: Atkinson Douglas 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
While Ecocriticism in general has received significant attention in Beckett Studies, there is a notable and unfortunate absence of attention to more recent work in this field. This is particularly noticeable in the lack of research directed toward the more philosophically inclined branches of Ecocriticism, namely Eco-Phenomenology, Eco-Hermeneutics, and Eco-Deconstruction. This paper is an attempt at addressing this problem and is intended as an introductory work to what is seen as the most promising of these, namely, Eco-Deconstruction. This paper explores the early development of Eco-Deconstruction and summarizes the work of several of its leading figures with the intention of demonstrating the relevance of this field for further research in Beckett Studies.
Crippling Crutches
Authors: Thoelen Thomas 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
While the bicycle in Samuel Beckett’s Molloy has received considerable critical attention, the crutches have largely eluded attention. The present essay examines, accordingly, in what ways the crutches are not simply a means for Molloy to compensate for his stiff leg(s) but might be said to constitute his very ‘end’ in the double sense of the word: his death as a human being and his function or purpose as a technical being, as a body of linguistic conventions working to create the illusion of a human being.
Meteorological Downscaling with WRF Model, Version 4.0, and Comparative Evaluation of Planetary Boundary Layer Schemes over a Complex Coastal Airshed
Authors: Onwukwe Chibuike , Jackson Peter L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEvaluation of downscaled meteorological information is crucial to identifying model behaviors that may propagate to end applications such as the simulation of local air quality. This study conducted and assessed yearlong simulations of hourly meteorological conditions over the Terrace–Kitimat Valley of northwestern British Columbia, Canada, at 1-km horizontal gridding for six PBL schemes in the Weather and Forecasting (WRF) Model, version 4.0. In terms of key surface meteorological variables that affect air quality, simulations over land demonstrated better skill for specific humidity and wind direction than for air temperature and wind speed. Spatial differences in modeled atmospheric properties and vertical profiles, especially for moisture content, were used to diagnose the relative capacity of each PBL scheme to represent pollutant dispersion and dilution. Stable conditions at night increased suppression of boundary layer mixing by the nonlocal Yonsei University (YSU) scheme when compared with suppression by the local eddy-diffusion component of the Asymmetric Convective Model, version 2 (ACM2), scheme, resulting in decreased wind speed and ambient temperature but moister air with the YSU scheme. The weakening of mixing by the Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino (MYNN3) scheme with inland distance suggested that higher-order, nonlocal transport is sensitive to increasing topographic steepness toward the northern part of the valley. Disparities in mixing strengths among PBL schemes were greater in the summer when conditions were generally less stable with moist, warm air blowing inland than in winter when the valley channels cold, stable air from the interior. Increased convection in daytime led to greater entrainment of air from aloft and a thicker PBL with the YSU scheme than with the ACM2 scheme in summer while increasing countergradient transport in the MYNN3 scheme that reduces dilution.
Profile of recipients of holistic health counselling in a psychiatric OPD in South India
Authors: Gandhi Sailaxmi , Mohanty Krutideepa , Sahu Maya , Naik Shalini S , Pahuja Erika , Gunasekaran Durai Murukan , Prasad M. Krishna 
Published: August 2020

Background of the study: Persons with mental illness (PwMI) are prone to weight gain as a side effect of antipsychotics. Health counselling on diet, physical activity, medication adherence, expressed emotions and technology use, by health professionals, can help in managing these side-effects. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the pre-counselling profile of the subjects such as body mass index (BMI), diet, physical activity, medication adherence, expressed emotions and technology use among PwMI; to attend the Holistic Health Clinic as part of follow-up services in the psychiatry Outpatient Department (OPD) as well as to find correlation and association between the study variables. Methods: The study involved a cross-sectional descriptive design based on convenience sampling. The sample consists of 56 patients who are receiving antipsychotics under symptom control (self-reported) and were overweight. Data were collected with a patient assessment proforma and analysed using SPSS-22. Results: The patients referred to the holistic health counselling (HHC) had abnormal weight and BMI. The mean and SD of weight was 74.48 ± 14.07 and BMI 29.51 ± 5.15. All the participants received counselling on diet, 87.5% on physical activity, 62.5% on sleep hygiene, 55.4% on medication adherence, 8.9% on family emotional climate and only 5.4% on healthy use of technology. Weight has shown significant relation with gender (male = 80.84 ± 17.71, female = 71.09 ± 10.52, t = −2.52, p = .015) and near to significant relationship (χ2 = 7.685, p = .053) with educational status. Conclusion: Patients receiving second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) have lesser extra pyramidal side-effects; however, they are more prone to gain weight. Proper screening and counselling during the follow-up visit in the outpatient setting can help in identification, prevention and management of the obesity-related metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and motivate them to adopt healthy behaviours.
Validation and revision of the questionnaire to explore human factors and their technical potential for lower limb prosthetics
Authors: Herbst Jonathan , Polanski-Schräder Lucas MT , Vogt Joachim , Schürmann Tim , Beckerle Philipp 
Published: August 2020

Background:
A variety of instruments exist to measure human factors for lower limb amputation and prosthesis research. Yet, there is no valid or reliable tool available that focuses on technical potentials.

Objective:
This study aimed to validate and revise the Questionnaire to Explore Human Factors and their Technical Potential.

Study Design:
Cross-sectional study

Methods:
A total of 150 persons with lower limb amputation from Germany participated in the study. Statistical properties, including Cronbach’s alpha, item difficulty, item-total correlation, and distribution of missing values were calculated. Thresholds for acceptable psychometric properties were defined, unsuitable items were removed, and problematic items were reviewed regarding formulation.

Results:
The Cronbach’s alpha for subscales within the Questionnaire to Explore Human Factors and their Technical Potential were between 0.72 and 0.89. A total of 56 items showed acceptability, and 14 items had problematic item property values. Four of those items were reformulated, five were excluded, six were left in the scale, and an additional one was added to the scale.

Conclusion:
Evaluation of the Questionnaire to Explore Human Factors and their Technical Potential indicates it exhibits good internal consistency and acceptable psychometric properties. The scale was revised and is recommended to explore aspects of technical prosthesis development.

Clinical relevance:
Our results show that the revised Questionnaire to Explore Human Factors and their Technical Potential may serve as a reliable and valid means, when designing prostheses, both during development and clinical evaluations and fittings, to assess the technical potential of lower limb prostheses directly according to the needs of users with lower-limb amputations.
Financial literacy and financial strategies: The mediating role of financial concerns
Authors: Xue Rui , Gepp Adrian , O’Neill Terry J , Stern Steven , Vanstone Bruce J 
Published: August 2020

This article analyses how the financial literacy of elderly people affects their decisions on the adoption of various financial strategies. Multiple mediator models with bootstrap techniques are used to identify the mediating mechanisms of financial concerns that transmit the effects of financial literacy onto specific financial strategies. We find (1) financial concerns mediate the majority of financial literacy-strategy nexuses; specifically, financially illiterate people are more likely to have financial concerns and are more likely to cut back on spending, seek job opportunities, increase debts and downsize or sell their residence as a result; (2) financially literate people are more likely to seek professional financial advice, purchase a life annuity, contribute more to superannuation and invest more conservatively, regardless of their concerns. Our findings suggest professional advisors and robo-advisor developers take into account financial concerns when recommending advice. JEL Classification: D14, J14, J26, I31, G11
Electroacupuncture ameliorates mechanical hypersensitivity by down-regulating spinal Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activation of transcription 3 and interleukin 6 in rats with spared nerve injury
Authors: Wang Ying , Xia Yang-yang , Xue Meng , Jiang Qian , Huang Zhihua , Huang Cheng 
Published: August 2020

Background: Evidence shows that the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway participates in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain. Our previous study revealed that electroacupuncture (EA) attenuated neuropathic pain via activation of alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) in the spinal cord. However, whether 2 Hz EA alleviates neuropathic pain by regulating the downstream molecules JAK2/STAT3 has not been fully clarified. Methods: Paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was used as a marker of mechanical allodynia in rats with spared nerve injury (SNI). After applying 2 Hz EA on day 3, 7, 14 and 21 post-surgery, spinal expression of JAK2, STAT3 and pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 was examined using quantitative reverse transcription and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. Intrathecal injection of the α7nAChR antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (α-Bgtx) was used to further explore the mechanism underlying the effects of 2 Hz EA on expression of JAK2/STAT3 in SNI rats. Results: It was found that levels of spinal STAT3 and IL-6 mRNA, as well as levels of phosphorylated (p)-JAK2, p-STAT3 and IL-6 protein, were markedly increased in SNI rats. 2 Hz EA attenuated the SNI-induced up-regulation of p-JAK2, p-STAT3 and IL-6 expression in the spinal cord. Furthermore, intrathecal injection of α-Bgtx (1.0 μg/kg) not only inhibited the effect of 2 Hz EA on mechanical hypersensitivity but also ameliorated the down-regulation of p-JAK2, p-STAT3 and IL-6 expression induced by 2 Hz EA. Conclusion: This study revealed that 2 Hz EA attenuated SNI-induced mechanical hypersensitivity and the concomitant up-regulation of spinal JAK2, STAT3 and IL-6 in SNI rats, suggesting that suppression of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway might be the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of 2 Hz EA on neuropathic pain.
Cultural identity and its impact on today’s multicultural organizations
Authors: Karjalainen Helena 
Published: August 2020

Within the context of the internationalization of organizations and, in particular, growing numbers of staff members from different cultures, the number of studies on the management of cultural differences has increased considerably. However, as several authors have observed, studies on cultural differences and the concept of cultural identity remain limited, in large part due to the influential studies of Hofstede, which led to increased interest in national cultures. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the importance of cultural identity, which is a broader concept than national identity and only partly determined by it. Cultural identity is based on the distinctiveness or specificity of a given community, encompassing certain characteristics common to its people. A distorted view can significantly hinder understanding and communication with citizens of a specific nation. Today, as many authors observe, there is renewed interest in the complex, multidimensional process of identity construction in cross-national, cross-cultural work settings. The aim of the present study is therefore to review the processes involved in the formation of cultural identity and its importance for understanding individuals’ distinctive, culture-specific traits and to show how individuals with plural identities influence and transform contemporary organizations. Finally, a research program focused on recontextualizing cultural identity in contemporary organizations is proposed.
Physiological and transcriptomic responses of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) to prolonged heat stress
Authors: Guo Rongfang , Wang Xingru , Han Xiaoyun , Chen Xiaodong , Wang-Pruski Gefu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) is an important heat-resistant leafy vegetable that can survive under long-time heat stress condition. However, the physiological characteristics and molecular changes in its response to heat stress are poorly understood.

Results
In this study the selected water spinach cultivars with different thermo resistance and their physiological response to heat stress were examined. Under prolonged heat stress, plant growth was inhibited in all tested cultivars. This inhibition was accompanied by the reduction of photosynthetic performance. The reactive oxygen species system in terms of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide contents, as well as antioxidant polyphenols, were evaluated. The results showed that prolonged heat stress caused reduced antioxidant capacity, but the role of antioxidant capacity in a prolonged thermotolerance was not predominant. Transcriptomic analysis of the water spinach subjected to heat stress revealed that 4145 transcripts were specifically expressed with 2420 up-regulated and 1725 down-regulated in heat-sensitive and heat-tolerant cultivars treated with 42 °C for 15 days. Enrichment analysis of these differentially expressed genes showed that the main metabolic differences between heat-sensitive and heat-tolerant cultivars were the carbohydrate metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. The results of carbohydrate profiles and RT-qPCR also suggested that heat stress altered carbohydrate metabolism and associated changes in transcriptional level of genes involved in sugar transport and metabolic transition.

Conclusions
The prolonged heat stress resulted in a reduced antioxidant capacity while the role of antioxidant capacity in a prolonged thermotolerance of water spinach was not predominant. Transcriptome analysis and the measurement of carbohydrates as well as the gene expression evaluation indicated that the response of the metabolic pathway such as carbohydrate and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis to heat stress may be a key player in thermo resistance.
Scanning electron microscopic observation of the in vitro cultured protozoan, Perkinsus olseni, isolated from the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum
Authors: Gajamange Dinesh , Kim Seung-Hyeon , Choi Kwang-Sik , Azevedo Carlos , Park Kyung-Il 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Perkinsosis is a major disease affecting the commercially important marine mollusk Ruditapes philippinarum (Manila clam) in Asian waters. In this study, we investigated the morphological characteristics of Perkinsus olseni, the causative agent of perkinsosis, cultured under laboratory conditions at different stages of its life cycle using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Results
The prezoosporangia formed after induction with Ray’s fluid thioglycollate medium (RFTM) developed into zoosporangia. During this process, a discharge tube formed a porous sponge-like structure that detached before the zoospores were released; thus, this organelle operated as a bung. Liberated zoospores gradually transformed into immature trophozoites, during which detachment of the anterior flagella occurred, but the loss of the posterior flagella was not clearly observed in the present study. Mature trophozoites underwent schizogony by cleaving the cell forming some merozoites in schizonts, which were released by the rupturing of the cellular membrane of the schizont within a few days.

Conclusions
Our morphological and ultrastructural studies contribute new information on the life cycle and propagation of P. olseni.