bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sonochemical production of hydrogen: A numerical model applied to the recovery of aqueous methanol waste under oxygen‐argon atmosphere
Authors: Kerboua Kaouther , Hamdaoui Oualid , Al‐Zahrani Saeed 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe present paper consists of a numerical simulation that investigates the opportunity to treat wastewater contaminated with methanol by sonolysis. The technique offers a double benefit in regard to two axes: methanol degradation and hydrogen emergence. The adopted model based on the simultaneous evolutions of bubble dynamics, physical and chemical kinetics as well as thermodynamics parameters inside the bubble, resulted in very interesting trends of methanol degradation efficiency and percentage of recovery to hydrogen. On one hand, the sonolysis of wastewater containing 6 to 40% (vol/vol) of methanol conducts to more than 90% of elimination efficiency under an atmosphere of 40% molar of argon. On the other hand, hydrogen production attains an optimum within a solution of 40% (vol/vol) of methanol under 50% molar of argon. The best combination of both axes is retrieved in the case of wastewater containing 20% (vol/vol) of methanol and saturated with 70% molar of argon; it leads to the elimination of 99.9% of the alcohol, and the conversion of the equivalent of 59% of the molar yield of degraded methanol to hydrogen.
Multi‐source ambient energy harvester based on RF and thermal energy: Design, testing, and IoT application
Authors: Bakytbekov Azamat , Nguyen Thang Q. , Li Weiwei , Lee Cottrill Anton , Zhang Ge , Strano Michael S. , Salama Khaled N. , Shamim Atif 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBillions of wireless sensing devices must be powered for IoT applications. Collecting energy from the ambient environment to power sensor nodes is a promising solution. Solar energy has been one of the main sources of ambient energy due to its availability, higher power density, and the maturity of the solar photovoltaic industry. However, there are many scenarios (indoor environment, outdoor environment during nighttime, poor weather conditions, underground, etc) where ambient solar energy is either not available or not sufficient for practical applications. For such scenarios, other renewable sources of energy must be sought. Typically, not enough power is collected from one ambient source to charge sensor nodes for continuous operation. In this work, we present a multi‐source energy harvester that collects RF and thermal energy (both available 24 hours) from the ambient environment simultaneously. The RF energy harvester is multi‐band and collects power from GSM (900, 1800 MHz) and 3G (2100 MHz). The thermal harvester converts diurnal temperature fluctuations to electrical energy using high thermal effusivity phase change material. Extensive field testing has been performed in three different conditions—outdoors, indoors, and buried underground—to highlight the usefulness of the multi‐source energy harvester in all these environments. When one source is disabled, the harvester still generates energy from the remaining active source and can enable continuous operation of futuristic IoT sensors. As a proof of concept, a real‐world IoT application is demonstrated, where temperature and humidity sensors are powered by the multi‐source energy harvester. Continuous robust operation of the sensors and wireless data transmission after each 3.7 seconds are expected when both harvesters operate in full mode. Scenarios, where only single thermal energy harvester or only single RF energy harvester operates, are also demonstrated and data transmission with average time intervals of 30 seconds and 9 minutes is achieved, respectively.
A robust overset assembly method for multiple overlapping bodies
Authors: Hu Zhiyuan , Xu Guohua , Shi Yongjie 
Published: July 2020

SummaryA robust overset assembly method allowing for multiple overlapping bodies is presented. This method extends the overset assembly method to deal with the interference between objects and prevents the failure of the search for donor cells due to the complex shape of the models. The donor cells are searched before identifying the boundary of the chimera interpolation. By selecting interpolation cells only in areas with donor cells, the final overset interpolation boundary cells can always find their donor cells, which prevents orphan points and achieves excellent robustness. First, the implementation of the proposed assembly method is described in detail. Subsequently, the usability and efficiency of the method are verified using several cases. Finally, the integration strategy of the computational fluid dynamics solver based on overset interpolation with the modification of the boundary type is described and verified using practical cases with overlapping bodies. The results demonstrate the applicability of the proposed overset grid assembly method.
The minimum clinically important difference on the sleep disorders inventory for people with dementia
Authors: Webster Lucy , Martin Alice , Livingston Gill 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesSleep disturbances in dementia causes distress to people with dementia and their family carers and are associated with care home admission. The Sleep Disorders Inventory (SDI) is a validated questionnaire of sleep disturbances in dementia often used to measure treatment effectiveness, but the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) is unknown.MethodsWe triangulated three investigative methods to determine the MCID of the SDI. Using data on SDI from a randomised controlled trial (RCT) with 62 participants in an intervention for sleep disorders in dementia, we (1) calculated distribution‐based values where MCID = 0.33 of a SD (SD) (2) an anchor based approach using quality of life (measured using DEMQOL‐Proxy) as an anchor. We also employed a Delphi consensus process asking 12 clinicians, sleep researchers and family carers to rate which changes on vignettes were equivalent to a MCID.ResultsWe found that 0.33 SD in the SDI = 4.86. Reduction in SDI total score was not significantly correlated with improvement in DEMQOL‐Proxy (Pearson's correlation = −0.01; P = 0.96) score. The Delphi consensus required two rounds to reach a consensus and concluded that changes equivalent to three points on the SDI equated to the MCID.ConclusionsTaking into account both the distribution‐based values and the Delphi process we used a whole number at the midpoint and judged the minimum clinically important difference MCID to be equal to four points. We note the clinicians and carers opinions from the Delphi process determined the MCID to be lower at three points.
Abnormal Liver Tests in COVID‐19: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study of 1,827 Patients in a Major U.S. Hospital Network
Authors: Hundt Melanie A. , Deng Yanhong , Ciarleglio Maria M. , Nathanson Michael H. , Lim Joseph K. 
Published: July 2020

Background and Aims
The coronavirus‐19 disease (COVID‐19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality attributable to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiorgan failure. Liver injury has been reported as a nonpulmonary manifestation of COVID‐19, but characterization of liver test abnormalities and their association with clinical outcomes is incomplete.

Approach and Results
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 1,827 patients with confirmed COVID‐19 who were hospitalized within the Yale‐New Haven Health System between March 14, 2020 and April 23, 2020. Clinical characteristics, liver tests (aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], alkaline phosphatase [ALP], total bilirubin [TBIL], and albumin) at three time points (preinfection baseline, admission, and peak hospitalization), and hospitalization outcomes (severe COVID‐19, intensive care unit [ICU] admission, mechanical ventilation, and death) were analyzed. Abnormal liver tests were commonly observed in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19, both at admission (AST 66.9%, ALT 41.6%, ALP 13.5%, and TBIL 4.3%) and peak hospitalization (AST 83.4%, ALT 61.6%, ALP 22.7%, and TBIL 16.1%). Most patients with abnormal liver tests at admission had minimal elevations 1‐2× the upper limit of normal (ULN; AST 63.7%, ALT 63.5%, ALP 80.0%, and TBIL 75.7%). A significant proportion of these patients had abnormal liver tests prehospitalization (AST 25.9%, ALT 38.0%, ALP 56.8%, and TBIL 44.4%). Multivariate analysis revealed an association between abnormal liver tests and severe COVID‐19, including ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, and death; associations with age, male sex, body mass index, and diabetes mellitus were also observed. Medications used in COVID‐19 treatment (lopinavir/ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, and tocilizumab) were associated with peak hospitalization liver transaminase elevations >5× ULN.

Conclusions
Abnormal liver tests occur in most hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 and may be associated with poorer clinical outcomes.
Perceived work‐life balance: Exploring the experiences of professional Moroccan women
Authors: Lekchiri Siham , Eversole Barbara A. W. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe present study aims to understand how professional Moroccan women working in various sectors perceive their current work‐life balance (WLB). While gender equity and women's empowerment have been rising in the past few years in Morocco, there may still be challenges faced to accomplish their career and family roles. An exploratory approach to the study has been employed in order to unveil the various barriers hindering women's WLB within the Moroccan organizational context. Using structured interviews, participants were given an opportunity to review what they believe is important in achieving a good WLB. A total of 45 women participants have voluntarily engaged in an interview that lasted between 30 and 45 min. Findings from this investigation revealed that the overwhelming women's family responsibilities and the requirements of their professional obligations lead to a disproportionate burden on them, resulting in difficulty to manage both roles successfully therefore causing an imbalanced work‐life. The study offers valuable insights on how women view their current WLB and reflects on possible mechanisms to improve it. Understanding women's perceptions of their own WLB can facilitate the identification of strategies and policies geared toward the retention of women in the workforce, and Moroccan organizations can develop and implement HRD strategies and policies that are geared toward creating a workplace that is more supportive of women's professional and personal goals.
Who drives the dance? Further insights from a time‐frequency wavelet analysis of the interrelationship between stock markets and uncertainty
Authors: Ben Amar Amine , Carlotti Jean‐Étienne 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUsing multivariate continuous wavelet tools this paper empirically investigates the strength and the magnitude of the relation between two measures of uncertainty, namely economic policy uncertainty index and implied volatility index, and stock market returns in Europe and United States. The multiple wavelet coherency not only highlights a significant contagion effect between the US and the European stock markets in times of crisis, but also indicates that the intensity of the interdependence between the stock markets and uncertainty indices is more persistent in times of stress and crisis periods. The results also indicate that, both in the U.S. and Europe, when partial coherencies are significant, the partial phase‐differences consistently highlight a negative co‐movement between the stock markets returns and their corresponding implied volatilities, with the implied volatility indices leading the stock markets for most of the time span and across all frequency bands at which the stocks and the fear indices have co‐moved significantly. The wavelet partial gain suggests that the European stock market is relatively more resilient than the U.S. stock market.
Prediction for cardiovascular diseases based on laboratory data: An analysis of random forest model
Authors: Su Xi , Xu Yongyong , Tan Zhijun , Wang Xia , Yang Peng , Su Yani , Jiang Yangyang , Qin Sijia , Shang Lei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo establish a prediction model for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the general population based on random forests.MethodsA retrospective study involving 498 subjects was conducted in Xi'an Medical University between 2011 and 2018. The random forest algorithm was used to screen out the variables that greatly affected the CVD prediction and to establish a prediction model. The important variables were included in the multifactorial logistic regression analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) was compared between logistic regression model and random forest model.ResultsThe random forest model revealed the variables, including the age, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglyceride (TG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), total cholesterol (TC), waist circumference, and high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (HDL‐C), were more significant for CVD prediction; the AUC was 0.802 in CVD prediction. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk factors for CVD included the age [odds ratio (OR): 1.14, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.10‐1.17, P < .001], BMI (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.06‐1.20, P < .001), TG (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02‐1.22, P = .023), and DBP (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02‐1.06, P = .001); the AUC was 0.843 in CVD prediction. The established logistic regression prediction model was Logit P = Log[P/(1 − P)] = −11.47 + 0.13 × age + 0.12 × BMI + 0.11 × TG + 0.04 × DBP; P = 1/[1 + exp(−Logit P)]. People were prone to develop CVD at the time of P > .51.ConclusionsA prediction model for CVD is developed in the general population based on random forests, which provides a simple tool for the early prediction of CVD.
Age‐related decline of interferon‐gamma responses in macrophage impairs satellite cell proliferation and regeneration
Authors: Zhang Congcong , Cheng Naixuan , Qiao Bokang , Zhang Fan , Wu Jian , Liu Chang , Li Yulin , Du Jie 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundImpaired muscle regeneration and increased muscle fibrosis are observed in aged muscle accompanied by progressive loss of muscle mass (sarcopenia). However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear.MethodsThe differentiated expressed genes in young and aged muscles after acute injury by cardiotoxin were identified by RNA‐sequence analysis. Single‐cell RNA‐sequence analysis was used to identify cell clusters and functions in young muscle after acute injury, and flow cytometry analysis and sorting were used to validate the function. The proliferation and differentiation functions of satellite cells were accessed by immunostaining with 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine and embryonic myosin heavy chain (eMyHC), respectively. Muscle regeneration ability was accessed by histopathological and molecular biological methods.ResultsGene expression patterns associated with responses to interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) (15 genes; false discovery rate < 0.001) were significantly down‐regulated during muscle regeneration in aged mice (P = 2.25e−7). CD8+ T cells were the main source of increased IFN‐γ after injury, adoptive transfer of wild‐type CD8+ T cells to IFN‐γ‐deficient young mice resulted in 78% increase in cross‐sectional areas (CSAs) of regenerated myofibres (P < 0.05) and 63% decrease in muscle fibrosis (P < 0.05) after injury. Single‐cell RNA‐sequence analysis identified a novel subset of macrophages [named as IFN‐responsive macrophages (IFNRMs)] that specifically expressed IFN‐responsive genes (Ifit3, Isg15, Irf7, etc.) in young mice at 3 days after injury, and the number of this macrophage subset was ~20% lower in aged mice at the same time (P < 0.05). IFNRMs secreted cytokine C‐X‐C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) that promoted the proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells via its receptor, CXCR3. Intramuscular recombinant CXCL10 treatment in aged mice rejuvenated the proliferation of satellite cells (80% increase in Ki‐67+Pax7+ cells, P < 0.01) and resulted in 27% increase in CSA of regenerated myofibres (P < 0.01) and 29% decrease in muscle fibrosis (P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur study indicates that decline in IFN‐γ response in a novel subset of macrophage contributes to satellite cells dysfunctions in aged skeletal muscles and demonstrates that this mechanism can be targeted to restore age‐associated myogenesis.
Bone grafting history affects soft tissue healing following implant placement
Authors: Kofina Vrisiis , Demirer Mutlu , Erdal Barbaros S. , Eubank Timothy D. , Yildiz Vedat O. , Tatakis Dimitris N. , Leblebicioglu Binnaz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to determine and compare soft tissue healing outcomes following implant placement in grafted (GG) and non‐grafted bone (NGG).MethodsPatients receiving single implant in a tooth‐bound maxillary non‐molar site were recruited. Clinical healing was documented. Volume and content of wound fluid (WF; at 3, 6, and 9 days) were compared with adjacent gingival crevicular fluid (GCF; at baseline, 1, and 4 months). Buccal flap blood perfusion recovery and changes in bone thickness were recorded. Linear mixed model regression analysis and generalized estimating equations with Bonferroni adjustments were conducted for repeated measures.ResultsTwenty‐five patients (49 ± 4 years; 13 males; nine NGG) completed the study. Soft tissue closure was slower in GG (P < 0.01). Differential response in WF/GCF protein concentrations was detected for ACTH (increased in GG only) and insulin, leptin, osteocalcin (decreased in NGG only) at day 6 (P ≤0.04), with no inter‐group differences at any time(P > 0.05). Blood perfusion rate decreased immediately postoperatively (P < 0.01, GG) followed by 3‐day hyperemia (P > 0.05 both groups). The recovery to baseline values was almost complete for NGG whereas GG stayed ischemic even at 4 months (P = 0.05). Buccal bone thickness changes were significant in GG sites (P ≤ 0.05).ConclusionHistory of bone grafting alters the clinical, physiological, and molecular healing response of overlying soft tissues after implant placement surgery.
Effects of different antidepressant classes on dental implant failure: A retrospective clinical study
Authors: Hakam Abeer Essam , Vila Gabriela , Duarte Poliana Mendes , Mbadu Marcia Phemba , AI Angary Dania Sulaiman , Shuwaikan Hotoun , Aukhil Ikramuddin , Neiva Rodrigo , da Silva Hélio Doyle Pereira , Chang Jia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have suggested an association between taking antidepressants and dental implant failure. This study aimed to investigate the association of different antidepressant classes with dental implant failure.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients that received dental implants at the University of Florida from 2011 to 2016. The variables of implant failure, antidepressant use and classes (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [SSRI], serotonin‐norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors [SNRI], tricyclic antidepressants [TCA], atypical antidepressants [AA], and monoamine oxidase inhibitors [MAOI]), age, sex, smoking, mild systemic diseases, and implant location were obtained from patients’ records. Odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI) of implant failure in patients taking different antidepressant classes, in relationship to non‐antidepressant users, were estimated, and the influence of multiple variables on implant failure were investigated.ResultsA total of 771 patients and 1,820 implants were evaluated. The statistically significant predictors for implant failure included smoking (OR = 5.221), use of antidepressants (OR = 4.285), posterior maxilla location (OR = 2.911), mild systemic disease (OR = 2.648), and age (OR = 1.037) (P <0.05). The frequency of implant failure was 33.3% in TCA users, 31.3% in SNRI users, 6.3% in SSRI users, 5.2% in Atypical antidepressant users, and 3.9% in non‐users. Significant associations were observed between the use of SNRI (OR: 11.07; 95% CI: 3.265 to 33.82) and TCA (OR: 12.16; 95% CI: 1.503 to 71.58) and implant failure (P <0.05).ConclusionsUsers of antidepressants were at higher risk of implant failure than non‐users. Patients taking SNRI and TCA were at the highest risk of implant loss, when compared with non‐users. Conclusions about TCA, however, are based on a limited number of cases.
Okra pectin relieves inflammatory response and protects damaged intestinal barrier in caerulein‐induced acute pancreatic model
Authors: Xiong Baoyi , Zhang Wencheng , Wu Zeyu , Liu Rui , Yang Chengying , Hui Ailing , Huang Xusheng , Xian Zhaojun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDProtecting the intestinal mucosa from being destroyed helps reduce the inflammation caused by acute pancreatitis (AP). In this study, whether okra pectin (OP) could attenuate the inflammation of AP through protecting the intestinal barrier was investigated.RESULTSOP was obtained from crude okra pectin (COP) through the purification by DEAE cellulose 52 column. Supplementation with OP or COP in advance reduced the severity of AP, as revealed by lower serum amylase and lipase levels, abated pancreatic edema, attenuated myeloperoxidase activity and pancreas histology. OP or COP inhibited the production of pancreatic proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐6. In addition, the upregulation of AP‐related proteins including ZO‐1, occludin, the antibacterial peptide‐defensin‐1 (DEFB1) and cathelicidin‐related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP), as well as the histological examination of colon injuries, demonstrated that OP or COP provision could effectively maintain intestinal barrier function. Ultimately, dietary OP or COP supplementation could inhibit AP‐induced intestinal inflammation. For the above, the effect of OP was better than COP.CONCLUSIONDietary OP supplementation could be considered as a preventive method that effectively interferes with intestinal damage and attenuates inflammatory responses trigged by AP. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Simultaneous separation and determination of 32 fentanyl‐related substances, including seven sets of isomeric fentanyl analogues, by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with high‐resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Yuxiao , Sheng Zhenhai , Hua Zhendong , Liang Chen , Cai Zhengyan , Wang Rong , Zhang Yurong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA method for separation and determination of 32 fentanyl‐related substances, including seven sets of isomeric fentanyl analogues, was developed using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole‐orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry. The collision energy, chromatographic column, and mobile phase were optimized. All compounds were efficiently flushed out of a universal C18 column with a soft gradient consisting of solvent A (2 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid in water) and solvent B (2 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid in methanol) in only 20 min, achieving excellent resolution. Detection and analysis were carried out simultaneously in the positive ion mode using the full scan and data‐dependent tandem mass spectrometry modes with a normalized collision energy of 40. The method was validated in terms of limit of detection, limit of quantification, linearity, accuracy, and precision. For all fentanyl‐related substances, the limit of detection (0.5 ng/mL) and limit of quantification (1 ng/mL) were adequate for screening and quantification in daily drug control. Calibration curves for all compounds were established in the range of 1–500 ng/mL. The intra‐ and interday precision (RSD%) were within 0.4–2.3 and 0.7‐2.7%, respectively. The accuracy ranged from 99 to 106%. The method was applied to analyze seized drug samples.