bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ESCO2 promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression by regulating hnRNPA1 acetylation
Authors: Zhu Hui-er , Li Tao , Shi Shengnan , Chen De-xiong , Chen Weiping , Chen Hui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Emerging evidence indicates that metabolism reprogramming and abnormal acetylation modification play an important role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression, although the mechanism is largely unknown. Methods: Here, we used three public databases (Oncomine, Gene Expression Omnibus [GEO], The Cancer Genome Atlas [TCGA]) to analyze ESCO2 (establishment of cohesion 1 homolog 2) expression in LUAD. The biological function of ESCO2 was studied using cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration, and invasion assays in vitro, and mouse xenograft models in vivo. ESCO2 interacting proteins were searched using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and mass spectrometry. Pyruvate kinase M1/2 (PKM) mRNA splicing assay was performed using RT-PCR together with restriction digestion. LUAD cell metabolism was studied using glucose uptake assays and lactate production. ESCO2 expression was significantly upregulated in LUAD tissues, and higher ESCO2 expression indicated worse prognosis for patients with LUAD. Results: We found that ESCO2 promoted LUAD cell proliferation and metastasis metabolic reprogramming in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, ESCO2 increased hnRNPA1 (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1) binding to the intronic sequences flanking exon 9 (EI9) of PKM mRNA by inhibiting hnRNPA1 nuclear translocation, eventually inhibiting PKM1 isoform formation and inducing PKM2 isoform formation. Conclusions: Our findings confirm that ESCO2 is a key factor in promoting LUAD malignant progression and suggest that it is a new target for treating LUAD.
Determinants of early days of newborn feeding mal-practice among mothers of children less than one years of age in Mizan-Aman Town, South-west Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Amare Muluken 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Back ground: Neonatal death remained a global public health issue, especially in Ethiopia due to sub-optimal breast-feeding practices. While several interventions have been made to comply with the WHO guideline, sub-optimal feeding practices are commonly seen in Ethiopia. The goal of this study was therefore to identify gaps in optimal breast-feeding practice in South West Ethiopia.Objective: To assess the prevalence and determinant of early days of newborn feeding mal-practices among recently delivered women in Mizan-Aman Town, southwestern Ethiopia, 2020.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken on recently delivered women from March-April/2020. A total of 487 mothers-child (<12month) pair were selected by using multistage randomized sampling technique and the data was collected through face to face interview by using structured questionnaire. The result was analyzed via SPSS version 26. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess determinant of newborn feeding mal-practices and a p<0.05 was deem to be significant.Result: Prevalence of prelacteal feeding and colostrum avoidance was approximately 21.9% and 15.5% respectively. The most common prelacteal food was Rue / Tenadam/49 (10.1 %). The key reasons were: 49(10.1 %) Cultural activity followed by 45 (9.3 %) clean-up of the intestine / throat / mouth of babies. Determinants of pre-lacteal feeding were found to be: mothers recognizing risks of prelacteal feeding, multipara mothers, having ≥4 number of children and infant’s birth order 4-6. Likewise, exposure to infant formula advertisement, absence of home to home health education, multipara mothers and spontaneous vaginal birth were the determinants of colostrum avoidance.Conclusion: The study found that there was a sub-optimal breast-feeding practice, one in four newborns. As a result, activities to discourage pre-lacteal feeding and to improve early initiation of colostrum feeding practices shall be carried out.
APOC1 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Immune Infiltration in ESCC
Authors: XIE Jia-yi , Liu Ming , Luo Yaxin , Wang Zhen , Lu Zhenghong , Ruan Xiaohui , Xu Li , Huang Rong , Li Aimin , Liu Side , Luo Xiaobei , Han Zelong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
PurposeEsophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a predominant subtype of EC. Identifying diagnostic biomarkers for ESCC is necessary for cancer practice. Increasing evidence illustrates that apolipoprotein C-1 (APOC1) participates in the carcinogenesis. However, the biological function of APOC1 in ESCC remains unclear. Patients and methodsWe investigated the expression level of APOC1 using TIMER2.0 and GEO databases, the prognostic value of APOC1 in ESCC using Kaplan-Meier plotter and TCGA databases. We used LinkedOmics to identify co-expressed genes with APOC1 and perform GO and KEGG pathway analysis. The target networks of kinases, miRNAs and transcription factors were predicted by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The correlations between APOC1 and immune infiltration were calculated using TIMER2.0 and CIBERSORT databases. We further performed the prognostic analysis based on APOC1 expression levels in related immune cells subgroups via Kaplan-Meier plotter database. ResultsAPOC1 was found overexpressed in tumor tissues in multiple ESCC cohorts and high APOC1 expression was related to a dismal prognosis. Multivariate analysis confirmed that APOC1 overexpression was an independent indicator of poor OS. Functional network analysis indicated that APOC1 might regulate the natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity, phagosome, AMPK and hippo signaling through pathways involving some cancer-related kinases, miRNA and transcription factors. Immune infiltration analysis showed that APOC1 was significantly positively correlated with M0 macrophages cells, M1 macrophages cells and activated NK cells, negatively correlated with regulatory T cells, CD8 T cells, neutrophils and monocytes. High APOC1 expression had a poor prognosis in server immune cells subgroups in ESCC, including decreased CD8+ T cells subgroups. Conclusion﻿These findings suggest that increased expression of APOC1 is related to poor prognosis and immune infiltration in ESCC. APOC1 holds promise for serving as a valuable diagnostic and prognostic marker in ESCC.
Acute Renal Artery Embolism in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Report.
Authors: Huang Huayan , Lin Chunguang , Wu Xiuting , Chen Siqi , Li Kai 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is identified as the pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2). The intravascular thrombotic phenomena related to the COVID-19 are emerging as an important complication that contribute to significant mortality. Case presentationWe present a 62-year-old man with severe COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes. After symptomatic and supportive treatment, the respiratory function was gradually improved. However, the patient suddenly developed abdominal pain, and the enhanced CT scan revealed acute left renal artery embolism. Given the risk of surgery and the duration of the disease, clopidogrel and heparin sodium were included in the subsequent treatment. Later, the abdominal pain and hypercoagulable state disappeared, and the effect was still satisfactory.ConclusionsThis report clarifies the challenges posed by embolism complications in the management of COVID-19 patients. Thrombosis is at a high risk in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia because of hypercoagulable state, blood stasis and endothelial injury. Thrombotic events caused by hypercoagulation status secondary to vascular endothelial injury deserves our attention. Because timely anticoagulation can reduce the risk of early complications, as illustrated in this case report.
Dynamics of Health Among Adults in South Africa
Authors: Mutembereza Usengimana Shadrack 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThis paper estimates trend of health mobility in South Africa using National Income Dynamic Study (NIDS) and investigate whether the patterns of health mobility differs within socioeconomic groups created by income and gender. Health is measured by SRHS, which correlates with mortality and morbidity; thus, it is the best measure of health. MethodsUsing five waves of NIDS and various econometric models, this research estimates health mobility in the period between 2007 and 2017. This study will use transition matrix as descriptive analysis of health mobility and Conditional Maximum Likelihood Estimations to analyse health mobility, trend of health mobility and relationship between health mobility and health inequality within NIDS. ResultsThe study shows that, among poor males, health mobility neither follows a health selection or health constraint mobility trend; the high health mobility with ambiguous trends has not decreased health inequality. Among the poor females, a negative health mobility trend is observed; this research also found that health inequality has not creased. Among the non-poor males, it is found that health mobility follows a gradient constraint trend which has decreased health inequality. Among non-poor females, it is found that health mobility follows a health selection trend which has not decreased health inequality. The results suggest that policy makers should target both social determinants of health and health campaigns to deal with health inequality among the poor males. ConclusionsThe trend of health mobility among poor females suggest that policy makers should target the social determinants of health to combat health inequality. The trend of health mobility among the non-poor males suggests that health mobility will eliminate health inequality. Lastly, the trend of health mobility suggests that policymakers should target health campaigns to deal with health inequality.
Exploring Effects in Tippers at Island Geomagnetic Observatories Due to Realistic Depth- and Time-varying Oceanic Electrical Conductivity
Authors: Rigaud Rafael , Kruglyakov Mikhail , Kuvshinov Alexey , Pinheiro Katia J , Petereit Johannes , Matzka Juergen , Marshalko Elena 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Vertical magnetic transfer functions (tippers) estimated at island observatories can constrain the one-dimensional (1-D) conductivity distribution of the oceanic lithosphere and upper mantle. This is feasible due to the bathymetry-dependent ocean induction effect (OIE), which originates from lateral conductivity contrasts between ocean and land and leads to non-zero tippers even for 1-D conductivity distributions below the ocean. Proper analysis of island tippers requires accurate three-dimensional (3-D) modeling of the OIE, for which so far was performed assuming constant sea water electric conductivity with depth. In this study we explore using rigorous 3-D electromagnetic modeling - to what extent realistic, depth-dependent, oceanic conductivity affects island tippers. The modeling is performed for eleven island observatories around the world in the period range 10-1 to 104 sec. We also investigate the effect of seasonal variations of the oceanic conductivity and to which extent this could explain the observed systematic seasonal variation of tippers. Our model studies suggest that for most of the considered island observatories the effect from depth-varying oceanic conductivity is tangible and exceeds the error floor of 0:025, which usually is assigned to tippers during their inversion. The effect varies significantly with location, depending on regional bathymetry. Contrarily, the effects from seasonally varying oceanic conductivity were found to be too small to be worth consideration.
Possible influence of climate change on water balance over West Africa under the global warming levels of 2 and 3 °C
Authors: Adeniyi Mojisola Oluwayemisi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Reliable projection of water balance components for the future over a climate change vulnerable region such as West Africa is exigent for proper adaptation strategies. This paper analyses the expected water balance in the 21st century over West Africa at 2 and 3 °C global warming level (GWL) based on Rossby Centre Regional Atmospheric Climate Model (RCA4) downscaled projections. Precipitation is expected to increase at the south-western (−5 to 10°N, 15 to 25°W) ocean area of West Africa domain with SW–NE orientation, towards the Sahel, while other areas would be drier, at 2 °C GWL. This would intensify under 3 °C GWL. Responses of evapotranspiration and storage change are similar to that of precipitation except for more spatial spread of increased evapotranspiration on the ocean. Runoff would increase over the ocean, Sahara and part of Sahel and reduce in Savannah and Guinea Coast under 2 °C GWL, but reduce under a warmer world with isolated increase.
Analysis of the Potential Association of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes CYP2C9*3 and CYP2C19*3 Gene Variations With Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Elfaki Imadeldin , Mir Rashid , Abu-Duhier Faisel Mohammed , Jha Chandan Kumar , Ahmad Al-Alawy Adel Ibrahim , Babakr Abdullatif Taha , Habib Salem Abd El-Hadi 
Published: October 2020

Background::
Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are drug-metabolizing enzymes catalyzing the metabolism
of about 75% of drug in clinical use. CYP2C9 represents 20% CYP proteins in liver cells and is a crucial
member of CYPs superfamily. CYP2C19 metabolizes very important drugs such as antiulcer drug omeprazole,
the antiplatelet drug clopidogrel and anticonvulsant mephenytoin. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of
CYP genes have been associated with unexpected drug reactions and diseases in different populations.

Objective::
We examined the associations of CYP2C9*3 (rs1057910) and CYP2C19*3 (rs4986893) with T2D
in Saudi population.

Methods::
We used the allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) and DNA sequencing in 111 cases and 104 controls for
rs1057910, and in 119 cases and 110 controls for rs4986893.

Results::
It is indicated that the genotype distribution of rs1057910 in cases and controls were not significantly
different (P=0.0001). The genotypes of rs1057910 were not associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) (P>0.05).
Whereas the genotype distribution of rs4986893 in cases and controls was significantly different (P=0.049).
The AA genotype of rs4986893 may be associated in increased risk to T2D with OR=17.25 (2.06-143.8),
RR=6.14(0.96-39.20), P=0.008.

Conclusion::
The CYP2C9*3 (rs1057910) may not be associated with T2D, while CYP2C19*3 (rs4986893) is
probably associated with T2D. These findings need to be validated in follow-up studies with larger sample
sizes and different populations.
Role of Nanostructured Biomaterials in the Treatment and Diagnosis of Biological Disorder
Authors: Jha Sheetal , Malviya Rishabha 
Published: October 2020

Background::
In the last few decades, nanostructures like nanoparticles, dendrimers,
quantum dots, nanotubes, etc., gain significant attention in the field of biomedicine. Recently, various
modification techniques were employed for the generation of newly modified nanostructured
biomaterials. Nowadays, these biomaterials are exploited for the treatment and diagnosis of various
biological disorders.

Objective::
The present manuscript aims to describe the various types of nanostructures along with
the techniques of modification and their applications in the diagnosis and treatment of biological disorders.

Result and conclusion::
Various modification techniques involved in different reaction methodologies
are described in the present manuscript. From the study, it is investigated that the modified
nanostructured can be utilized in the diagnosis and treatment of biological disorders. Modification
of nanostructured materials introduces superior properties and enables them as the detection tool
and treatment kit for biological disorders.
ILLUMINATING STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDING AND ACCEPTANCE TOWARDS THE DUAL LANGUAGE PROGRAMME (DLP)
Authors: Suliman Ashairi , Mohd Nor Mohamed Yusoff , Md Yunus Melor 
Published: October 2020

The Dual Language Programme (DLP) is an initiative introduced by the Ministry of Education to advocate the teaching and learning of science and mathematics in the English language. Resembling the previous educational policy named PPSMI, this programme commenced in 2016, offering the flexibility for English to be used as the instructional medium for the two subjects. After four years of its inception, it is crucial to discover the programme's acceptance among those involved directly with the programme. Thus, this study expounds students’ understanding and acceptance of the programme by investigating the influence of age, gender, locality and the type of school on their understanding and acceptance of DLP. This study involved 2162 students, and it was found that their understanding and acceptance level of the programme are at a moderately high level. The findings also revealed a significant difference between the acceptance of the programme. As an alternative to solidify the English mastery, the implementation of DLP needs to be improved for it to be well-accepted by interest groups.
WEBSITE-BASED TECHNOLOGICAL PEDAGOGICAL AND CONTENT KNOWLEDGE FOR LEARNING PREPARATION OF SCIENCE TEACHERS
Authors: Wilujeng Insih , Tadeko Nugan , Dwandaru Wipsar Sunu Brams 
Published: October 2020

This study produces technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) instruments, which conventionally use print modules. The aims of this study were 1) to develop appropriate website-based TPACK instruments, and 2) to determine the effect of the produced website-based TPACK instruments toward the pedagogy competence of Science teachers in their learning preparation in the classroom. The methodology used was based on the ADDIE stages which stand for analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate. The results of this study include 1) instructions for producing TPACK instruments based on the results of synthesis; 2) instructions for making a website format based on the synthesis results; 3) TPACK framework design in website content; 4) TPACK instruments validation results; and 5) website validation results. Moreover, limited and field tests were conducted upon the website-based TPACK instruments to determine their effect toward the pedagogy competence of Science teachers. Quantitatively, the TPACK instruments scored 70 out of 76, while the website scored 60 out of 90. Finally, the limited and field tests results showed that website-based TPACK instruments positively affect the pedagogy competence of Science teachers in their learning preparation in the classroom with an overall Good category and a Very Good category for the usage evaluation from the users.
Design and Printing of a Low-Cost 3D-Printed Nasal Osteotomy Training Model: Development and Feasibility Study
Authors: Ho Michelle , Goldfarb Jared , Moayer Roxana , Nwagu Uche , Ganti Rohan , Krein Howard , Heffelfinger Ryan , Hutchinson Morgan Leigh 
Published: October 2020

Background
Nasal osteotomy is a commonly performed procedure during rhinoplasty for both functional and cosmetic reasons. Teaching and learning this procedure proves difficult due to the reliance on nuanced tactile feedback. For surgical simulation, trainees are traditionally limited to cadaveric bones, which can be costly and difficult to obtain.

Objective
This study aimed to design and print a low-cost midface model for nasal osteotomy simulation.

Methods
A 3D reconstruction of the midface was modified using the free open-source design software Meshmixer (Autodesk Inc). The pyriform aperture was smoothed, and support rods were added to hold the fragments generated from the simulation in place. Several models with various infill densities were printed using a desktop 3D printer to determine which model best mimicked human facial bone.

Results
A midface simulation set was designed using a desktop 3D printer, polylactic acid filament, and easily accessible tools. A nasal osteotomy procedure was successfully simulated using the model.

Conclusions
3D printing is a low-cost, accessible technology that can be used to create simulation models. With growing restrictions on trainee duty hours, the simulation set can be used by programs to augment surgical training.
The Role of Technology and Social Media Use in Sleep-Onset Difficulties Among Italian Adolescents: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Varghese Nirosha Elsem , Santoro Eugenio , Lugo Alessandra , Madrid-Valero Juan J , Ghislandi Simone , Torbica Aleksandra , Gallus Silvano 
Published: October 2020

Background
The use of technology and social media among adolescents is an increasingly prevalent phenomenon. However, there is a paucity of evidence on the relationship between frequency of use of electronic devices and social media and sleep-onset difficulties among the Italian population.

Objective
The aim of this study is to investigate the association between the use of technology and social media, including Facebook and YouTube, and sleep-onset difficulties among adolescents from Lombardy, the most populous region in Italy.

Methods
The relationship between use of technology and social media and sleep-onset difficulties was investigated. Data came from the 2013-2014 wave of the Health Behavior in School-aged Children survey, a school-based cross-sectional study conducted on 3172 adolescents aged 11 to 15 years in Northern Italy. Information was collected on difficulties in falling asleep over the last 6 months. We estimated the odds ratios (ORs) for sleep-onset difficulties and corresponding 95% CIs using logistic regression models after adjustment for major potential confounders.

Results
The percentage of adolescents with sleep-onset difficulties was 34.3% (1081/3151) overall, 29.7% (483/1625) in boys and 39.2% (598/1526) in girls. It was 30.3% (356/1176) in 11-year-olds, 36.2% (389/1074) in 13-year-olds, and 37.3% (336/901) in 15-year-olds. Sleep-onset difficulties were more frequent among adolescents with higher use of electronic devices, for general use (OR 1.50 for highest vs lowest tertile of use; 95% CI 1.21-1.85), use for playing games (OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.11-1.64), use of online social networks (OR 1.40 for always vs never or rarely; 95% CI 1.09-1.81), and YouTube (OR 2.00; 95% CI 1.50-2.66).

Conclusions
This study adds novel information about the relationship between sleep-onset difficulties and technology and social media in a representative sample of school-aged children from a geographical location that has not been included in studies of this type previously. Exposure to screen-based devices and online social media is significantly associated with adolescent sleep-onset difficulties. Interventions to create a well-coordinated parent- and school-centered strategy, thereby increasing awareness on the unfavorable effect of evolving technologies on sleep among adolescents, are needed.