bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Action Mechanism and Practical Experience of City Parks from the Perspective of Health Promotion —Take Hangzhou West Lake City Parks as an Example
Authors: Lu Jiancheng , Luo Xiaolong , Zhang Peigang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The development of health theory has deepened the function of city parks. It is urgent to explore the action mechanism and practical experience of city parks from a health promotion perspective. Methods: This paper adopts the dynamic tracking method, which has been widely used in the study of city park health problems. Between 2009 and 2010, the author participated in the redesigning project of WLCP. From 2014 to 2018, the author participated in the health management project of WLCP. Additionally, in order to complete the study more accurately, the author conducted three interviews between April and May 2020. After transcribing, condensing, and categorizing talking content, we summarized the theme structure and results.Results: First, the transformation of the health benefits of city parks depends on the use of residents, and the supportive design is the intermediary mechanism for stimulating park use. Second, residents' demand for health is no longer limited to physical and psychological, but includes a higher level of spiritual satisfaction and a comfortable environment. Third, the supporting design of city parks should include a health management system, and a standardized and normalized management system can alleviate health damage. Conclusions: The theoretical framework, action mechanism and practical experience of city parks from the perspective of health promotion proposed may be applicable to other cities at home and abroad.
Cardiovascular Mechanisms In Covid-19: Methodology of A Prospective Observational Multimodality Imaging Study (COSMIC-19 study)
Authors: Alam Shirjel , Shah Anoop , Onyinkwa Kevin , Nganga Edward , Gitau Samuel , Makhdomi Khalid , Chung Michael , Vinayak Sudhir 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: 8-28% of patients infected with COVID-19 have evidence of cardiac injury, and this is associated with an adverse prognosis. The cardiovascular mechanisms of injury are poorly understood and speculative. We aim to use multimodality cardiac imaging including cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) and positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro- D-glucose integrated with computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) to identify the cardiac pathophysiological mechanisms related to COVID-19 infections.Methods: This is a single-centre exploratory observational study aiming to recruit 50 patients with COVID-19 infection who will undergo cardiac biomarker sampling. Of these, 30 patients will undergo combined CTCA & 18F-FDG-PET/CT, followed by CMR. Prevalence of obstructive and non-obstructive atherosclerotic coronary disease will be assessed using CTCA. CMR will be used to identify and characterise myocardial disease including presence of cardiac dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial oedema and myocardial infarction. 18F-FDG-PET/CT will identify vascular and cardiac inflammation. Primary endpoint will be the presence of cardiovascular pathology and the association with troponin levels.Discussion: The results of the study will identify the presence and modality of cardiac injury associated COVID-19 infection, and the utility of multi-modality imaging in diagnosing such injury. This will further inform clinical decision making during the pandemic.TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study has been retrospectively registered at the ISRCTN registry (ID ISRCTN12154994) on 14th August 2020. Accessible at www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN12154994
Impact of Novel Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) Pandemic in Italian Pediatric Emergency Departments: A National Survey
Authors: Talarico Valentina , Pinto Luciano , Marseglia Gian Luigi , Centonze Antonella , Cristofaro Concetta , Reina Rocco , Nocerino Agostino , Lubrano Riccardo , Zampogna Stefania 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) has rapidly become a pandemic emergency, distressing health systems in each affected country. Preparation strategies for managing this pandemic have been keys to face the COVID-19 surge all over the world and all levels of care. MATERIAL and METHODS: During the epidemic, the Italian society of pediatric emergency-urgency (SIMEUP) promoted a national survey aiming to evaluate preparedness and response of pediatric emergency departments (PED) critical in ensuring optimal management of COVID-19 cases. RESULTS: Our results suggest that Italian PED have promptly set a proactive approach to the present emergency. 96.6% of the hospitals have defined special pathways and assistive protocols concerning the management of pediatric COVID-19 cases. The highest percentage of application of the measures for preventive and protective for COVID-19 concerned the use of personal protective equipments. CONCLUSIONS: Results show that the following measures for pediatric patients, admitted in PED, have been promptly implemented throughout the whole country: eg. use of protective devices, pre-triage of patients accessing the hospital. Despite COVID-19 being a new threat, we have shown that by developing an easy-to-follow decision algorithm and clear plans for the interventional platform teams, we can ensure optimal health care workers and patients’ safety.
Validation of Nursing Documentation Regarding in-hospital Falls: A Cohort Study
Authors: Franzén-Dahlin Åsa , Krakau Karolina , Andersson Helene , Egberg Louise , Sterner Eila , Unbeck Maria 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIn-hospital fall incidents are common and sensitive to nursing care. It is therefore important to have easy access to valid patient data to evaluate and follow-up nursing care. The aim of the study was to validate the nursing documentation, using a specific term in the registered nurses´ (RNs´) discharge note, regarding inpatient falls according to the outcome of a digitalized data extraction tool and the discharge note itself.MethodsAt a teaching hospital, 31,571 episodes of care were eligible for inclusion in this cohort study. A stratified sampling including five groups was used, two with random sampling and three with total sampling. In total, 1,232 episodes of care were reviewed in the electronic patient record using a study-specific protocol. Descriptive statistics were used. ResultsIn total, 590 episodes of care in the study cohort included 712 falls. When adjusted for the stratified sampling the cumulative incidence for the study population was 1.9%.The positive predictive value in total for the data extraction tool regarding the presence of any fall, in comparison with the record review, was 87.4%. Discrepancies found were, for example, that the RNs, at discharge, stated that the patient had fallen but no documented evidence of that could be detected during admission. It could also be the opposite, that the RNs correctly had documented that no fall had occurred, but the data extraction tool made an incorrect selection. When the latter had been withdrawn, the positive predictive value was 91.5%.Information about minor injuries due to the fall was less accurate. In the group where RNs had stated that the patient had fallen without injury, minor injuries had actually occurred in 28.3% of the episodes of care. Conclusions The use of a specific term regarding fall in the RNs´ discharge note seems to be a valid and reliable data measurement and can be used continuously to evaluate and follow-up nursing care.
Improvement of Gender Balance Based on the Real-Time Visual Feedback System of the Pressure Center of Smart Wearable Devices: A Case Control Study
Authors: Wang I-Lin , Wang Li-I , Xue Shi-Jie , Hu Rui , Su Yu , Jian Rong-Jiun , HO Chun-Sheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The body maintains stability by integrating inputs from the central nervous system of vision, hearing, proprioception, and multiple senses. With the development of smart wearable devices, smart wearable devices can provide real-time center of pressure (COP) position-assisted balance control, which is beneficial to maintain physical balance.Methods: Forty healthy college students (20 male-20 female) participated in this study, and the posture balance actions of left-leg stance non-visual feedback, left -leg stance visual feedback, right-leg stance non-visual feedback, and right-leg stance visual feedback are performed. Visual feedback provides smart insoles matching Podoon APP on a tablet computer with the COP position displayed by a dot as real-time visual feedback. A mixed-design two-way ANOVA was performed and included the study.Results: The experimental results show that the displacement, velocity, radius, and area of the COP decreased significantly in the left-leg stance visual feedback/right-leg stance visual feedback, the test compared with the parameters in the eft-leg stance non-visual feedback/right-leg stance non-visual feedback (P < 0.05). Providing visual feedback through intelligent insoles can reduce the movement of the center of mass (COM) and maintain physical stability for healthy young people of different genders. In the one leg visual/non-visual in standing, the COP maximum anteroposterior displacement, COP anteroposterior velocity, COP radius, and COP area of women are significantly decreased than men (P < 0.05). Women have better real-time balance control ability than men with smart insoles.Conclusion: The simple intelligent wearable assisted devices can immediately increase the control ability in static stance of men and women, and women have better real-time balance control ability than men.
The "diagonal" principle in the surgery of femoral intertrochanteric fractures
Authors: Li Guanghui , Liu Tuoen , Duan Jianhui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: To explore the role of "diagonal principle" surgical technique in the treatment of elderly femoral intertrochanteric fractures. Methods: From October 2015 to February 2018, we treated 28 cases of femoral intertrochanteric fractures (8 cases of AO / OTA classification 31A1 type, 12 cases of 31A2 type, and 8 cases of 31A3 type), and they all received extended pith internal nail (length ≥340mm) internal fixation surgery. Results: Hip function scores were excellent in 18 cases, good in 7 cases, poor in 1 case, and dead in 2 cases. The excellent and good rate was 89.3%. No internal fixation fracture, failure, or re-fracture occurred. Conclusion: The use of "diagonal principle" for the treatment of elderly femoral intertrochanteric fractures has promising results.
Magnetic domains and domain wall pinning in two-dimensional ferromagnets revealed by nanoscale imaging
Authors: Sun Qi-Chao , Song Tiancheng , Anderson Eric , Shalomayeva Tetyana , Förster Johannes , Brunner Andreas , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Gräfe Joachim , Stöhr Rainer , Xu Xiaodong , Wrachtrup Jörg 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Magnetic-domain structure and dynamics play an important role in understanding and controlling the magnetic properties of two-dimensional magnets, which are of interest to both fundamental studies and applications. However, the probe methods based on the spin-dependent optical permeability and electrical conductivity can neither provide quantitative information of the magnetization nor achieve nanoscale spatial resolution. These capabilities are essential to image and understand the rich properties of magnetic domains. Here, we employ cryogenic scanning magnetometry using a single-electron spin of a nitrogen-vacancy center in a diamond probe to unambiguously prove the existence of magnetic domains and study their dynamics in atomically thin CrBr3. The high spatial resolution of this technique enables imaging of magnetic domains and allows to resolve domain walls pinned by defects. By controlling the magnetic domain evolution as a function of magnetic field, we find that the pinning effect is a dominant coercivity mechanism with a saturation magnetization of about 26μB/nm2 for bilayer CrBr3. The magnetic-domain structure and pinning-effect dominated domain reversal process are verified by micromagnetic simulation. Our work highlights scanning nitrogen-vacancy center magnetometry as a quantitative probe to explore two-dimensional magnetism at the nanoscale.
Population genomics provides insights in diversity, epidemiology, evolution and pathogenicity of the waterborne pathogen Mycobacterium kansasii
Authors: Luo Tao , Xu Peng , Zhang Yangyi , Porter Jessica L. , Ghanem Marwan , Liu Qingyun , Jiang Yuan , Li Jing , Miao Qing , Hu Bijie , Howden Benjamin P. , Fyfe Janet , Globan Maria , He Wencong , He Ping , Wang Yiting , Liu Houming , Takiff Howard , Zhao Yanlin , Chen Xinchun , Pan Qichao , Behr MA , Stinear Timothy , Gao Qian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Mycobacterium kansasii is a nontuberculous mycobacterium that can cause serious pulmonary disease. Genotyping suggested that the species is composed of at least six subtypes that vary in clinical significance, with subtype I being clinically dominant but less commonly isolated from environmental sources. Here we report a population genomics study of 358 M. kansasii isolates obtained from global water and clinical sources. Phylogenomic analyses revealed that the six subtypes are more accurately designated as closely related subspecies. These subspecies show ample evidence of recombination mediated by distributive conjugative transfer that has contributed to subspeciation and on-going diversification. Water was confirmed as a source of clinical infections by showing that genomes of clinical strains from an Australian outbreak were almost indistinguishable from strains contaminating the drinking water supply. Most clinical infections (nearly 80%) were due to a recently emerged group of strains designated the M. kansasii main complex (MKMC), which appears to have originated in Europe in 1900s and expanded globally over the past century. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that the MKMC has maintained the methylcitrate cycle and expanded ESX-I secretion-associated proteins, perhaps facilitating metabolic adaptation and pathogenicity for human hosts. Evidence of on-going positive selection in isolates of the MKMC was found in genes involved in carbon and secondary metabolism, metal ion homeostasis and cell surface remodeling that could represent adaptation to human hosts. These results further our understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenicity of M. kansasii and emphasize the importance of monitoring its potential transition to a more human-adapted pathogen.
Clinical and Radiological Results of Treating Lumbar Spondylosis With Cortical Bone Trajectory Screws
Authors: Bielecki Mateusz , Kunert Przemyslaw , Balasa Artur , Kujawski Sławomir , Marchel Andrzej 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The cortical bone trajectory (CBT) technique is a popular minimally invasive spine surgery. Few studies have reported long-term outcomes. Here, we evaluated the complication profile and long-term follow-up of patients with lumbar degenerative disease treated with the CBT technique. Methods: This retrospective analysis included the first 40 consecutive patients that underwent the CBT technique. The indication for surgery was critical stenosis of the intervertebral foramen, which required removal of the entire intervertebral joint, on at least one side, during decompression. Results: The CBT technique was performed on one spine level, in 29 cases, and on two levels, in 11 cases. The last follow-up showed minimal clinically important differences in the numerical rating scale (NRS) of leg pain, the NRS of back pain, and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), in 97%, 95%, and 95% of patients, respectively. Thirty-nine patients completed long-term radiological follow-ups. Computed tomography demonstrated solid bone unions on 47 (92%) operated levels, collapsed unions on 2 (4%) levels, non-union on 1 (2%) level, and 1 (2%) lost to follow-up. Seven patients experienced complications (4 hardware-related). Three patients required four revision surgeries.Conclusions: The CBT technique effectively achieved spinal fusion; over 90% of patients achieved clinical improvement at a mean follow-up of 4.4 years (minimum 3 years in all cases).
Efficacy of Internet Delivered Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Anxiety and Depression in People with Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Nielssen Olav , Staples Lauren , Karin Eyal , Kayrouz Rony , Dear Blake , Titov Nicholai 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMindSpot is a national digital mental health service providing free assessment and treatment for anxiety and depression. Mindspot services have been accessed by people with a broad range of psychiatric conditions, including people who report a diagnosis of bipolar disorder (BD). There is comparatively little research reporting the outcome of internet delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (iCBT) for the depressed phase of BD (BDd), including as part of routine care. MethodDemographic characteristics, baseline scores and treatment outcomes were examined for patients who reported taking Lithium and had entries in their clinic records confirming the diagnosis of BD. Results were compared to the clinic benchmarks. Outcomes were completion rates, patient satisfaction and changes in measures of psychological distress, depression and anxiety as measured by the Kessler-10 item (K-10), Patient Health Questionnaire 9 Item (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 7 Item (GAD-7), respectively. ResultsA total of 21,745 people completed a MindSpot assessment between January 2013 and December 2019 and enrolled in a MindSpot treatment course. Of these, 124 reported that they were currently taking Lithium, of whom 83 had entries in their clinic records confirming a diagnosis of BD. Mean age of patients with confirmed BD was 43.8 years, compared to the clinic mean of 39.8 years. Their baseline symptom scores were higher than the benchmark. However, reductions in symptoms on the K-10, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 were large (effect sizes > 1.0 on all measures, percentage change between 32.4% and 40%), and lesson completion and satisfaction with the course were also high. ConclusionsMindSpot treatments were effective in treating anxiety and depression in people diagnosed with BD, and the outcomes were comparable to clinic benchmarks. Results suggest that the routine provision of iCBT can help overcome the under-use of evidence based psychological treatments of people with BDd.
Carers’ Experiences of Assistive Technology Use in Dementia Care: A Cross Sectional Survey
Authors: Sri Vimal , Jenkinson Crispin , Peters Michele 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAssistive Technology (AT) supports persons with dementia and their carers (family, friends and neighbours), yet little is known about experiences and the impact of AT on carers. We report on an exploratory survey that examined the types, uses, costs and impact of AT on carers as well as their quality of life.MethodsA cross-sectional survey using the Carers Assistive Technology Experience Questionnaire collected data from carers in the UK, who used at least one AT in the previous year and provided more than 10 hours of care for a person with dementia, living at home. Carers completed the questionnaire online or on paper and information on AT, socio-demographic details, and Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) data were collected. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to report results and draw conclusions. ResultsData from 201 carers was analysed. Smartphones and tablet computers were the most frequently used AT. AT were used predominantly for safety, communication, and reminders. Carers usually make decisions on buying and continued use of AT. Multiple AT devices were used in the care of persons with dementia and number of AT used was associated with perceived satisfaction. Satisfaction with AT was not related to age, living arrangements and relationship of carers. From the SF-12, Mean Physical Component Score was 49.19 (95%CI- 47.75 to 50.63) and Mental Component Score was 45.37 (95%CI- 43.93 to 46.80). Women, carers in the 46-65 age group and carers who were not extremely satisfied with AT had lower MCS scores. Carers who lived with the person with dementia and older carers had lower PCS scores. ConclusionsCarers report that AT has a beneficial impact. Carers use multiple ATs, perceive AT to be satisfactory and recommend AT use to others. To support carers, we recommend establishment of centrally funded information sources and a loan store for AT. Further research on incremental addition of AT and changes to formal/paid care because of using AT should be undertaken. Practitioners, academics, manufactures and policy makers should consider the experiences of carers in research, development and use of AT to facilitate improved community living of people with dementia.
Beliefs, Knowledge and the Impact of COVID-19 on Menopause Therapies in Spanish Women: Comem-treatment Study
Authors: Baquedano Laura , Espiau Andrea , Fasero Maria , Ortega Silvia , Ramirez Isabel , Mendoza Nicolás 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveTo study what women think about menopause treatments and assess their knowledge about them. To analyze adherence to treatment during COVID-19 confinement as a secondary objective.MethodsA multi-center cross-sectional observational study was conducted using a survey of 2500 women between January and June 2019. This was administered following a non-probability sampling procedure including women between 35 and 75 years. An extension study was conducted during the coronavirus pandemic, between March and June 2020. ResultsThe responses of 2355 surveyed women were analyzed. Of this sample, 42% knew about menopause hormone therapy (MHT). The most frequently identified indication was the treatment of hot flashes (65.6%). The MHT risks most frequently perceived were weight gain (24.2%) and breast cancer (21.7%); the main reason for rejecting MHT was a lack of information (96.1%). Comparative analyses were conducted according to age, menopausal status, type of menopause, place of residence, type of health care and level of education. During the coronavirus confinement period, 85 women using MHT were located, of which 84.7% continued it. ConclusionsWomen hold certain false beliefs about menopause, and their knowledge of the available treatments is somewhat limited. Adherence to MHT during the COVID-19 confinement in Spain has been high.