bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Australian subtropical vegetation and wetland response to fire, climate and nutrient availability during the Holocene
Authors: Cadd Haidee , Mariani Michela , Tibby John , Tyler Jonathan , Barr Cameron , Leng Melanie J. , Moss Patrick , Lewis Richard , Cohen Tim , Marx Sam , McGregor Glenn B. , Marshall Jonathan C. , Petherick Lynda 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe iconic sand dune systems of Minjerribah (North Stradbroke Island), in southeastern Queensland, Australia, host numerous lakes and swamps containing organic‐rich sediment deposits that record changes in climate, fire and surrounding vegetation. Palaeoenvironmental reconstructions from individual locations can provide insights into changes in the environment, but determining the regional extent of these changes is seldom possible from a single site. Multi‐site compilations help elucidate the geographical nature of environmental changes and determine if they are driven by local or regional forces. Here, a synthesis of palynological records from six Minjerribah wetlands using a muti‐tiered Monte Carlo empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis allows island‐wide patterns of vegetation change to be identified. Coherent changes in vegetation were recorded, with first‐order changes (EOF1) indicating a long‐term shift in vegetation composition from closed forests towards woodland and heath vegetation. A compilation of macroscopic and microscopic charcoal from the same sites shares coherent patterns of change with a rainfall record from the island, suggesting that regional fire occurrence between 7000 and 2000 cal a bp was driven primarily by long‐term variations in rainfall and its influence on biomass. Comparison with fire activity, rainfall, sedimentary carbon, nitrogen and dust records from Minjerribah suggests that regional vegetation changes occur primarily in response to long‐term changes in nutrients and increasing rainfall variability. This analysis highlights the multi‐millennial connection between vegetation composition, climate, nutrients and fire occurrence across the Holocene in subtropical environments.
Orthopedic Surgeons at Greater Risk of Malpractice Claims for Treatment of Primary Malignant Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Compared With Metastatic Bone Disease
Authors: Bayram Serkan , Oduncu Muhammed , Beşkoç Caner , Atan Yusuf 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aim of this study was to examine cases of malpractice litigation in primary sarcoma and metastatic bone disease in orthopedic oncology, to identify the areas in which orthopedic surgeons may be guilty of negligence, and to make them aware of this.MethodsA comprehensive examination was conducted on all closed medical malpractice cases involving bone and soft tissue malignant tumors from 2014 to 2024. Patient demographics, histopathological diagnosis, and malpractice claims made in a variety of specialties were recorded. The inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study resulted in the inclusion of 70 cases of primary bone and soft tissue sarcoma and 36 cases of metastatic bone disease.ResultsA total of 47 primary tumors were bone sarcoma and 23 were soft tissue sarcoma. A total of 11 patients with primary sarcoma were accepted for malpractice claims, representing 16% of all cases within this category. Nevertheless, no evidence of malpractice was identified among the patients with metastatic bone disease (p = 0.012). Orthopedists (44 of 85 defendants), pathologists (14 of 85 defendants), and radiologists (7 of 85 defendants) were the most common defendants in primary sarcoma malpractice cases. Surgeons other than orthopedists (21 of 49 defendants), medical oncologists (4 of 49 defendants), and radiation oncologists (4 of 49 defendants) were the most common defendants in metastatic bone disease malpractice cases.ConclusionAnalysis of our cases suggests that malpractice claims are more likely filed against orthopedic surgeons for the treatment of primary malignant bone and soft tissue tumors than for metastatic bone disease.
Preoperative quadriceps malalignment is associated with poor outcomes after knee replacement which are avoided by external rotation of the femoral component
Authors: Talbot Simon , Zordan Rachel , Sasanelli Francesca , Sun Matthew 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeLateralisation of the proximal apex of the quadriceps tendon relative to the mechanical axis or external rotation relative to the femoral shaft can be accurately measured and is strongly associated with patella maltracking. The aim of this study was to first assess the association between preoperative quadriceps tendon alignment (QTA) and the patient‐reported outcomes (PROMs) of total knee replacement, and second, determine the influence of component position on outcomes in patients with preoperative quadriceps tendon malalignment (QTM).MethodsA retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data was performed. All patients had preoperative and postoperative CT scans performed. PROMs were collected preoperatively and at 1 year postoperatively. QTA was measured by the quadriceps tendon axial angle (QTAx). The preoperative and postoperative coronal and axial alignment were measured. Femoral component rotation was measured relative to the preoperative posterior condyles.ResultsAnalysis was conducted on 388 cases and the mean preoperative QTAx was 6.2° externally rotated (standard deviation 12.0°). QTM (QTAx > 14°) was identified in 76 (19.8%) patients. The diagnosis of QTM was associated with reduced patient outcomes including Forgotten Joint Score (60.2 vs. 51.2, p = 0.008), EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale (81.3 vs. 75.7, p = 0.009), KOOS‐12 (80.3 vs. 73.3, p = 0.001) and reduced PASS percentages for all KOOS subscales. In patients with preoperative QTM, femoral component external rotation >2° was associated with improved PROMs when compared to patients with <2° of femoral rotation. This included a clinically significant difference in the improvement of KOOS‐12 (11.7 points, p = 0.013) and improved PASS percentages in all KOOS subscales. There was no association between coronal alignment or tibial axial alignment and outcomes.ConclusionsQuadriceps malalignment is a common cause for poorer patient outcomes following total knee replacement. This can be avoided by externally rotating the femoral component to accommodate the deformity in the extensor mechanism.Level of EvidenceLevel III, case‐control study.
Change of CPAK class does not affect functional outcomes in robotic arm‐assisted total knee arthroplasty performed with functional alignment
Authors: Bertugli Enrico , Zambianchi Francesco , Batailler Cécile , Bazzan Gabriele , Lustig Sébastien , Catani Fabio 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to assess the impact of post‐operative coronal plane alignment of the knee (CPAK) class change on functional outcomes and determine the rate and type of CPAK class change after image‐based robotic arm‐assisted (RA)‐total knee arthroplasty (TKA) performed with functional alignment (FA) at two different centres.MethodsThe present retrospective, observational, multicentre study included 201 patients treated with RA‐TKA between October 2020 and April 2022 at two different centres. The radiographic CPAK classification was adapted using CT images to achieve pre‐ and post‐operative knee categorization into CPAK classes. At a minimum of 1 year post‐operatively, patients were administered the Forgotten Joint Score‐12 (FJS‐12) and surveyed about their post‐operative satisfaction level using a 5‐level Likert scale (5‐LLS).ResultsThe most common preoperative overall CPAK classes were: Types II, I, III, IV and V. Implant positioning after RA‐TKA with FA within the alignment boundaries, determined distribution in the CPAK classification, predominantly maintaining classes I, II, IV, and V. No statistically significant FJS‐12 differences were detected between subjects who maintained and changed their preoperative CPAK class. The mean 5‐LLS for satisfaction in patients where the preoperative CPAK class was maintained intraoperatively was 4.4 ± 1.1 (range = 1–5), while subjects having the CPAK class changed had a mean 5‐LLS of 4.4 ± SD 1.0 (range 1–5).ConclusionIn the setting of image‐based RA‐TKA with FA, CPAK can be changed within a ‘functional safe‐zone’, without compromising functional outcomes. Good functional outcomes are the result of a stable and balanced knee with soft‐tissue preservation, regardless of the maintenance of the preoperative CPAK class.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Accounting for Land Use Carbon Emissions Considering Differences in Wetland Types to Support the Achievement of SDG 13.2.2
Authors: Zhang Yuxun , Lin Wenpeng , Ye Yunchun , Li Yue 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn recent years, the relentless rise in global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has escalated climate change. Land‐use changes, particularly those involving wetlands, significantly impact GHG emissions. However, previous studies on land‐use carbon emissions often overlooked the specific contributions of different wetland types. This study aims to assess these differential contributions and explore strategies for managing GHG emissions (SDG 13.2.2) within the United Nation's sustainable development goals. The study used the Demonstration Zone of Green and Integrated Ecological Development of the Yangtze River Delta (demonstration area) in China as a case study to accurately classify wetland types from 2016 to 2022. Wetland classification was achieved using Sentinel‐2 remote sensing imagery and parameters such as NDVI and NDWI with the application of machine learning algorithms. To explore effective carbon management strategies, a scenario analysis method was employed to simulate future carbon emission trends under various management measures based on current emission status. The results revealed significant differences in carbon emissions among wetland types. From 2016 to 2022, ponds exhibited the highest total and growth rate of carbon emissions among all wetland types, while paddy fields alone showed a decreasing trend. Through enhanced natural wetland protection, optimized management, and reduced use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, direct carbon emissions in the demonstration area were reduced by 2.61 × 105 t. Accurate wetland classification and differentiated management are crucial for carbon accounting and formulating effective reduction strategies. This study offers new insights into the sustainable development of the Yangtze River Delta.
Shyness vs Confidence: The Effect of Virtual Influencer Personalities on Social Media Users' Well‐Being and Addiction
Authors: Sattar Amna A. , Ul Haq Junaid , Saleem Aysha , Ahmad Wasim 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis research investigates the influence of virtual human personalities on user well‐being and addiction in a social media context. This quantitative study engaged 550 Instagram users, focusing on contrasting shyness and confidence appeals. The participants were asked to fill out a survey via an online link in a controlled environment. Then, the structural equation modeling technique was used to test hypotheses, and multi‐group analysis was employed to compare the effects of shyness and confidence. The results indicate a positive link between the antecedents and the consequences of telepresence. This study provides managerial insights into how users perceive virtual influencers with specific personality traits, emphasizing that personality‐driven interface design can enhance virtual experiences by improving shyness and confidence. Furthermore, the findings suggest that tailoring virtual interactions to individual personalities can enhance engagement in gaming, virtual education, and workplaces. These insights can support industry managers in creating psychologically supportive and engaging virtual environments that foster positive human‐technology interactions.
‘Becoming Stronger’: Christianity, Indigenous Politics of Self‐Determination, and Endogenous Transformation in West Papua
Authors: Dale Cypri Jehan Paju 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn Indonesian‐occupied West Papua, Christianity has been adopted, adapted, and transformed by the indigenous people of various ethnic groups to become part of their social and cultural landscape. Christianity has also prominently figured in their continuing struggle for political self‐determination. Based on an ethnographic and historical study of the Kingmi Church of West Papua, this article analyses the emergence of an indigenous church in a post‐mission era and interrogates how indigenous congregations transform and harness Christianity for their cultural, social, and political projects. Building upon recent developments in the Anthropology of Christianity – from the study of the impact of mission and colonial encounters to the study of indigenous churches – and using indigenous politics as an analytical lens, this article proposes a decolonial approach to the study of vernacular Christianity in West Papua. The case of Kingmi church highlights not only that Christianity shapes Papuan politics, but also that indigenous politics have shaped Christian belief, resulting in the development of an indigenous church that works on a model of endogenous transformation that is oriented towards indigenous self‐determination.
The importance of wild meat and freshwater fish for children's nutritional intake in the Congo Basin
Authors: Ickowitz Amy , Pratama Muhammad Faisal , Rahmah Mahdiyatur , Tata Caleb Yengo , Tang Erasmus Nchuaji , Ngondi Judith Laure , Mirindi Victor Buhendwa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Wild meat and freshwater fish are widely consumed in the Congo Basin, but in some areas, they are at risk of disappearing due to unsustainable hunting and fishing and changes in their habitat. Wild meat is also at risk of being eliminated from local diets due to potential policy changes such as wild meat bans. In order to understand the impacts of these potential changes on nutrition and to design appropriate policies, it is critical to understand the contributions of these wild animal source foods to individual nutrient intake.

In this study, we focus on young children who are among the most nutritionally vulnerable. We use dietary intake data from children between 1 and 5 years of age from four sites in Cameroon and Democratic Republic of Congo to estimate the contributions of wild meat and local fish to their dietary intake of protein, iron, zinc and vitamin B12 and to meeting nutritional recommendations.

Together, wild meat and fish comprised an average of 74% (rainy season) and 61% (dry season) of the quantities of animal source foods consumed by children across the sites. They contributed 23% of protein intake; 11% of iron intake; 14% of zinc intake; and 57% of Vitamin B12 intake on average across sites and seasons to those children who consumed these foods.

Results from regression analysis showed that wealth was not associated with consumption of wild meat or of local fish but was positively associated with consumption of domestic meat.

Reduced access to wild meat and fish from restrictions on hunting and fishing or due to unsustainable practices could have negative consequences on child nutrition in the Congo Basin. These would likely be greater for poorer households since they have fewer ASF alternatives compared to wealthier households.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Insights into electrospun polymeric nanofiber mats: an innovative dressing for wound healing applications
Authors: Rajchal Bimal , Thapa Yub Narayan , Karki Deepshikha , Prajapati Prabha , Adhikari Rameshwar 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWound management is a complex clinical challenge that needs advanced materials and techniques for satisfactory results. Electrospun nanofiber mats have emerged as an innovative alternative for wound healing purposes due to their porous architecture, greater surface area, ease of water absorption, mimicry of the extracellular matrix of natural tissues and tunable mechanical properties. This paper sheds light on recent advances in the fabrication techniques, properties, structural features and application of electrospun polymeric nanofiber mats for wound healing purposes emphasizing the importance of polymer selection and processing parameters in tailoring their physicochemical properties. Furthermore, the review explores the underlying principles of the wound healing process and various approaches to incorporating bioactive agents into nanofiber mats to enhance their biological performance and wound healing potential. The possibility of embedding stimuli‐responsive sensors into the nanofiber mats to develop smart mats is also briefly explored. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Lignin Derivative–Sulfur Composites
Authors: Kapuge Dona Nawoda L. , Sauceda‐Oloño Perla Y. , Smith Rhett C. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLignin, comprising 20%–35% of lignocellulosic biomass, is the second most abundant biopolymer after cellulose. As the bioethanol industry expands, the accumulation of lignin by‐products necessitates innovative valorization strategies. This study explores the synthesis and characterization of lignin‐derived composites. Specifically, the reaction of 20 wt. % lignin‐derived guaiacol or syringol with 80 wt. % elemental sulfur gives composites GS80 and SS80, respectively. The chemical structures of composites were elucidated using GC–MS, 1H NMR, and UV–Vis spectroscopy, revealing the formation of both SCaryl and SCalkyl bonds. Thermal and morphological analysis (via TGA, DSC, PXRD, and SEM‐EDS) indicated SS80 has higher crystallinity and thermal stability than GS80, attributed to a higher degree of crosslinking and a greater content of dark sulfur. Mechanical testing showed SS80 exhibits superior compressional and flexural strengths, and enhanced Young's modulus and Shore hardness, compared to GS80. Notably, the mechanical strength parameters for SS80 are comparable to those of C62 class bricks used in construction applications. These findings suggest that lignin‐derived composites, particularly those incorporating syringol, can provide viable alternatives to traditional materials in various applications, contributing to both waste valorization and sustainable materials science.
Silica‐Coated Hybrid Perovskite Catalysts for Well‐Controlled PET‐RAFT Polymerization in Polar Solvents
Authors: Zhang Weijie , Zhang Yuxiang , Xiao Jingjing , Wang Xiaowei , Liu Lei , Han Jibin , Wang Hui , Feng Anchao 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLead halide perovskite has currently emerged as a research hotspot in the field of photocatalysis due to its exceptional photovoltaic characteristics. Despite its potential, the susceptibility to degradation under harsh conditions such as light, humidity, and polar solvents poses a significant challenge. To counteract this, a strategy employing silica to shield the perovskite surface is conducted, thereby enhancing its stability. The resulting composite MAPbBr3@SiO2 is then deployed as a photocatalyst in the photoinduced electron/energy transfer reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (PET‐RAFT) polymerization of butyl acrylate within polar solvents. The catalytic performance across different RAFT polymerization systems including varying the RAFT reagents, catalyst concentrations, and solvent types is meticulously examined. Remarkably, with a photocatalyst loading of merely 0.004 wt% and under a blue light intensity of 6 mW/cm2, over 80% monomer conversion can be achieved in 4 h. Moreover, the molecular weight distribution (Đ) consistently remains within the narrow range of 1.0–1.2 across all experimental setups, which proves the controllable nature of the PET‐RAFT process. Owning the advantages of low photocatalyst requirement, compatibility with polar solvents, and narrow molecular weight distribution, PET‐RAFT polymerization mediated by MAPbBr3@SiO2 holds promise for scalable manufacturing and industrial‐scale applications.
Histopathologic Features and Transcriptomic Signatures Do Not Solve the Issue of Magnetic Resonance Imaging‐Invisible Prostate Cancers: A Matched‐Pair Analysis
Authors: Oderda Marco , Marquis Alessandro , Bertero Luca , Calleris Giorgio , Faletti Riccardo , Gatti Marco , Mangherini Luca , Orlando Giulia , Marra Giancarlo , Ruggirello Irene , Vissio Elena , Cassoni Paola , Gontero Paolo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMultiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is pivotal in prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis, but some clinically significant (cs) PCa remain undetected. This study aims to understand the pathological and molecular basis for csPCa visibility at mpMRI.MethodsWe performed a retrospective matched‐pair cohort study, including patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) for csPCa (i.e., ISUP grade group ≥ 2) from 2015 to 2020, in our tertiary‐referral center. We screened for inclusion in the “mpMRI‐invisible” cohort all consecutive men (N = 45) having a negative preoperative mpMRI. The “mpMRI‐visible” cohort was matched based on age, PSA, prostate volume, ISUP grade group. Included patients underwent radiological and pathological open‐label revisions and characterization of the tumor mRNA expression profile (analyzing 780 gene transcripts, signaling pathways, and cell‐type profiling). We compared the clinical‐pathological variables and the gene expression profile between matched pairs. The analysis was stratified according to histological characteristics and lesion diameter.ResultsWe included 34 patients (17 per cohort); mean age at RP and PSA were 70.5 years (standard deviation [SD] = 7.7), 7.1 ng/mL (SD = 3.3), respectively; 65% of men were ISUP 2. Overall, no significant differences in histopathological features, tumor diameter and location, mRNA profile, pathways, and cell‐type scores emerged between cohorts. In the stratified analysis, an upregulation of cell adhesion and motility, of extracellular matrix remodeling and of metastatic process pathways was present in specific subgroups of mpMRI‐invisible cancers.ConclusionsNo PCa pathological or gene‐expression hallmarks explaining mp‐MRI invisibility were identified. Aggressive features can be present both in mpMRI‐invisible and ‐visible tumors.
Does the Development Level of the Origin Country of International Students Influence Where They Enrol? A Case Study of the Netherlands
Authors: Weber Tijmen , van Mol Christof , Wolbers Maarten H. J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper we investigate the relationship between the development level of international students' origin countries and within‐country destination preferences. We theorize that international students from lower developed countries are more likely to choose higher quality study programmes and enrol in fields of studies that are regarded to have better career prospects. International students from higher developed countries, on the contrary, are theorized to show more variety in the fields of study they enrol, and to be more likely to enrol in institutions that are in cities with more amenities. To test these hypotheses, we make use of a full population data set containing nearly every international student in the Netherlands for the years 2016–2019. Our results suggest that students from lower developed countries are indeed more likely to enrol in fields of studies traditionally associated with better labour market outcomes. We also find evidence that master students from lower developed countries are more likely to enrol in higher quality programmes, while master students from higher developed countries are more likely to choose institutions in cities that are larger and/or have more amenities. Interestingly, for bachelor students the results are less conclusive. Together, these findings offer new insights to the existing literature and open up new avenues for research which could help us better understand the heterogeneity in international students' enrolment decisions.