bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH DOSIS PUPUK MIKORIZA VESICULAR ARBUSKULAR TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA TANAH PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max (L) Merr)
Authors: Jeksen Julianus 
Published: July 2020

This study aims at determining the influence of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza dosage on soil chemical properties of soybean and its optimum dosage that can increase the soil available-P on crops of soybean. This research was conducted in Lokoboko village, Ndona Subdistrict of Ende regency. This study used Randomized Block Design and a single-pattern factor consists of five treatments and four replications namely M0 : 0 gr pot-1 or without mycorrhiza, M5: 5 gr pot-1 mycorrhiza, M10: 10 gr pot-1 mycorrhiza, M15: 15 gr pot-1 mycorrhiza and M20: 20 gr pot-1 mycorrhiza. The variables of this study are plant–absorption P (mg tan-1), soil–available P (mg kg-1), soil-organic C (%) and pH of soil. The results showed that the use of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza fertilizer for crops of soybean could increase soil-available P in 56,26%, plant-absorption P in 65%, pH of the soil in 6,06% and soil-organic C in 62,68 %. The use of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza fertilizer on the dosage of 20 g has the better effectivity in increasing soil-available P in the soybean plant.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN DOSIS PUPUK N DAN P TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KACANG PANJANG (Vigna Sinensis L)
Authors: Murdaningsih Murdaningsih , Wae Yohanes Karol Mbia 
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this research is to know whether the influence of using fertilizer N and P dosage towards the growth and yield of long beans (vigna sinesis L). This research was carried out in Onelako Village, Ndona subdistrict of Ende regency. The method used was Randomized Block Design with two factors of treatments and three replications. The first factor is nitrogen fertilizer which consists of three dosages namely N0: (non-nitrogen fertilizer), N1 (30 kg/ha), N2 (60 kg/ha) and second factor is phosphor fertilizer which comprises three dosage: P0 (non-phosphor fertilizer)), P1 (50 kg/ha) and P2 (100 kg/ha). Observation variables are the diameter of the rod, leaf number, leaf area, pods length, pods diameter, pods number, fresh weight of pods/plants, fresh weight of pods/ha, fresh maximal yield and residues/ha and harvest index. The result showed that no interaction between two factors of treatment (N x P). Nitrogen fertilization treatment of 60 and phosphor with a dosage of 100 kg/ha (P2) produce the best yields towards all observed variables. The yields of fresh weight of pods per highest plant is 62,56 gr acquired from plants which get N2 and P2 fertilizer. However, the treatments between N1 and N2 do not have a real difference in all observation variables as well as treatment of P1 and P2.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK CAIR BIO URINE SAPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max L.)
Authors: Murdaningsih Murdaningsih , Ugha Marsianus Nate 
Published: July 2020

This research aims to know the effect as well as the optimum rates of manure of urine cow bio to the growth and yield of the soybean plant. The design used in this study was Randomized Block Design and the treatment used is U0 (without bio urine manure), U1 (1375 litres of bio urine manure ha-1 or 550 ml plots-1), U2 (bio urine manure of 2750 litre ha-1 or 1100ml plots -1), U3 (bio urine manure 4125 litre ha-1 or 1650 ml plot-1), and U4 (bio urine manure of 5500 litre ha-1 or 2200 ml plot-1). Variable observation in this study is the height of the plant 33.8 cm, leaf number 2.90 strands, leaf area 1.17cm2, the weight of fresh residues tan-114,74 gr, dry oven weight of residue tan-1 15.50 gr, dry oven weight of residue ha-1 15.50kg, the number of pods 9.44 soybean, weight of 100 grain of soybean 1 0.91 gr, the weight of the seed tan-110.30 gr, seed dry weight ha-110, 30 kg, harvest index of 4.88 and optimum dosage of the manure of urine cow bio is 5500 litres ha-1 can increase the growth and yield of soybeans.
PENGARUH DOSIS PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN TERUNG (Solanum melongena L.)
Authors: Puu Yustina Maria Silvia Wonga , Sina Elias Nong 
Published: July 2020

This research aimed to know the effect and optimum rates of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of Eggplant. The research used Randomized Block Designconsisted of 5 rates of liquid organic fertilizer;(M0 = control/without fertilizers, M1 = 1 liters ha-1, M2 = 1 ha-2 litres, M3 = 3 liters ha-1, M4 = 4 liters ha-1). The observed variable is the height of plants, number and leaf area, length of fruit, fruit diameter, number of fruit, the weight of fruit per plant, weight of fruit per hectare, fresh residues per plant, and fresh residues per hectare and harvest index. The result of experiment showed the rates of liquid organic fertilizer effect on percentage of the growth and yield of eggplant; they are; height of plants(6,22%), leaf number (28,20%), leaf area (29,58%), length of eggplant (43,11%), eggplant diameter (9,00%), number of eggplant (22,03%), weight of eggplant per plant (25,62%), weight of eggplant per hectare (16,70%), fresh residues per plant (28,58%), residues per hectare (34,93%), and harvest index (53,91%). Optimum rates of liquid organic fertilizer which effect on the growth and yield of eggplant are about 4 litre ha-1.
PENGARUH JARAK TANAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SAWI PAK CHOI (Brassica rapa)
Authors: Wangge Emilia S.A. , Benu Imanuel Sedi 
Published: July 2020

This study aims at determining the impact of planting distance on the growth and yield of Pak Choy and determining the optimal distance that can optimize the growth and yield of Pak Choi. This study employed group random design with 6 treatments of planting distance, namelyJ1 = 20 cm x 25 cm, J2 = 20 cm x 20 cm, J3 = Planting distance 20 cm x 15 cm, J4 = Planting distance 20 cm x 10 cm, J5 = 10 cm x 15 cm, J6 = 10 cm x 10 cm.Each treatment was repeated 4 times so that there were 24 specimen garden-beds. It is found out that planting distance did not have any impact on plant height, the width of leaves, and numbers of leaves at age of 10–20 days after planting, whereas there was an impact on plant age of 25–35 days after planting on plant height of 15.59 cm, a number of leaves of 9.17 cm, the width of leaves of 52.28 cm and fresh Pak Choy weight of 148.4g per plant, fresh weight per ha 1204.43 ha.
Coinfección Fiebre Mayaro y Chikungunya: presentación de un caso en Ecuador
Authors: Robles Urgilez María , Vera Rosero Allison , Simbaña Pilataxi Daniela Elizabeth , Merchan Quijije Jonathan Moises 
Published: July 2020

Se presenta un caso de coinfección por virus Mayaro y Chikungunya en la ciudad de Guayaquil, Ecuador durante el 2019, zona geográfica apta para el desarrollo de estos vectores causante de Fiebre Mayaro (MAYV) y Chikungunya ambos de la familia Togaviridae, género alfavirus (grupo A arbovirus) por esta razón es importante indagar ambas morbilidades, la cuales son transmitidas por la picadura de mosquitos hembras infectados del género Haemagogus spp en zonas selváticas y por Aedes Agypti o Albopictus, especie que causa además dengue, chikungunya, fiebre amarilla, Mayaro y otros 20 arbovirus en zonas urbanas. Desde su aparición hasta la actualidad existe un numero escaso de reportes de la infección por Mayaro y Chikungunya, sin embargo, se ha levantó una alerta epidemiológica por Mayaro debido a la aparición de casos en países tropicales incluido Ecuador, esto hace necesaria la actualización médica y revisión de casos registrados a nivel local; en virtud de lo señalado e hace necesario difundir a la comunidad médica la características clínicas de estas entidades para facilitar el diagnóstico y control de las infecciones causadas por arbovirus.
Sexual Harassment at Workplace: A Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Raihan Tarik , Islam Tarikul , Uddin Md. Aftab 
Published: July 2020

Purpose: Globally, sexual harassment is a burgeoning issue, which has been witnessed everywhere. Gripping the gravity of its significance, the present study sets forth to explore the reasons of sexual harassment in organizational settings.
Methods: Following the three-stage approach, a systematic review of the available literature was done extensively. A list of 3380 articles published from 2010 to 2019 were derived from widely explored databases, such as Taylor and Francis Online, Science Direct, JSTOR and Emerald Insight. 67 studies were selected from the list based on their relevance and suitability.
Results: From the extensive literature review, it is revealed that there are five dominant reasons for the widespread sexual harassment, namely ‘inadequate governmental laws and organizational policies,’ ‘perceptions and attitudes,’ ‘male dominance’, ‘power differentials and organization structure’ and ‘cultural influence’.
Implications: To abate its further disastrous consequences, the present research proposes some intervention by linking the current observation with the previous empirical and theoretical studies. Directions for the future research are also provided.
Influence of the Galactic Gravitational Field on the Positional Accuracy of Extragalactic Sources. II. Observational Appearances and Detectability
Authors: Larchenkova Tatiana I. , Lyskova Natalia S. , Petrov Leonid , Lutovinov Alexander A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We consider the possibility of detecting the jitter effect of apparent celestial positions of distant sources due to local fluctuations of the Galaxy gravitational field. The observation of two samples of extragalactic sources (target and control) in different sky directions using the high-precision radio interferometry is proposed. It is shown that on a scale of ∼2 yr, it is possible to detect a systematic increase in the standard deviation of measured arc lengths of pairs of target sources compared to the control ones at the 3σ level if the accuracy of differential astrometric observations is around 10 μas. For the current state-of-the-art accuracy of 30 μas achieved at the KVN or VERA interferometers, which have shorter baselines in comparison with very long baseline interferometry, the target and control samples will differ only at the 2σ level on the scale of 10 yr. To achieve the 3σ level on this time interval, it is necessary to improve the accuracy up to ∼20 μas. Other possible effects that can also affect the arc length measurements between two sources are discussed, and an observational strategy to minimize them is suggested.
Cloud Properties and Correlations with Star Formation in Self-consistent Simulations of the Multiphase ISM
Authors: Mao S. Alwin , Ostriker Eve C. , Kim Chang-Goo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We apply gravity- and density-based methods to identify clouds in self-consistent numerical simulations of the star-forming, multiphase interstellar medium (ISM) and compare their properties and global correlation with the star formation rate (SFR) over time. The gravity-based method identifies bound objects, which have masses

at densities

, and virial parameters α

v
∼ 0.5–5. For clouds defined by a density threshold

, the average virial parameter decreases, and the fraction of material that is genuinely bound increases, with increasing

. Surprisingly, clouds defined by density thresholds can be unbound even when α

v
< 2, and high-mass clouds (

) are generally unbound. This suggests that the traditional α

v
is at best an approximate measure of boundedness in the ISM. All clouds have internal turbulent motions increasing with size as

, similar to observed relations. Bound structures comprise a small fraction of the total simulation mass and have a star formation efficiency per freefall time

∼ 0.4. For

,

∼ 0.03–0.3, increasing with density threshold. A temporal correlation analysis between

and aggregate mass

at varying

shows that time delays to star formation are

. The correlation between

and

systematically tightens at higher

. Considering moderate-density gas, selecting against high virial parameter clouds improves correlation with the SFR, consistent with previous work. Even at high

, the temporal dispersion in

is ∼50%, due to the large-amplitude variations and inherent stochasticity of the system.
Toward the Detection of Relativistic Image Doubling in Water Cerenkov Detectors
Authors: Kaushal Neerav , Nemiroff Robert J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
When a gamma or cosmic ray strikes the top of Earth’s atmosphere, a shower of secondary particles moves toward the surface. Some of these secondary particles are charged muons that subsequently enter water Cerenkov detectors (WCDs) on the ground. Many of these muons, traveling near the speed of light in vacuum, are moving faster than the speed of light in water and so trigger isotropic Cerenkov radiation in the WCDs. Inside many WCDs are photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) that detect this Cerenkov radiation. When the radial component of the speed of a muon toward a PMT drops from superluminal to subluminal, the PMT will record Cerenkov light from a little-known optical phenomenon called Relativistic Image Doubling (RID). Were the RID-detecting PMTs replaced by high resolution video recorders, they would see two Cerenkov images of the muon suddenly appear inside the tank, with one image moving with a velocity component toward the recorders, the other away. Even without a video, the RID phenomenon will cause different PMTs to record markedly different light curves for the same muon. In this paper, we present a study hoping to inspire the explicit detection and reporting of RID effects in WCDs. We consider three example cases of muon RIDs in High-Altitude Water Cerenkov (HAWC)-like systems: vertical, horizontal, and oblique. Monte Carlo simulations show that RID effects in HAWC-like systems are not rare—they occur for over 85% of all muon tracks.
Unresolved Binary Exoplanet Host Stars Fit as Single Stars: Effects on the Stellar Parameters
Authors: Furlan E. , Howell S. B. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this work, we quantify the effect of an unresolved companion star on the derived stellar parameters of the primary star if a blended spectrum is fit assuming the star is single. Fitting tools that determine stellar parameters from spectra typically fit for a single star, but we know that up to half of all exoplanet host stars may have one or more companion stars. We use high-resolution spectra of planet host stars in the Kepler field from the California-Kepler Survey to create simulated binaries; we select eight stellar pairs and vary the contribution of the secondary star, then determine stellar parameters with SpecMatch-Emp and compare them to the parameters derived for the primary star alone. We find that, in most cases, the effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, and stellar radius derived from the composite spectrum are within 2–3σ of the values determined from the unblended spectrum, but the deviations depend on the properties of the two stars. Relatively bright companion stars that are similar to the primary star have the largest effect on the derived parameters; in these cases, the stellar radii can be overestimated by up to 60%. We find that metallicities are generally underestimated, with values up to eight times smaller than the typical uncertainty in [Fe/H]. Our study shows that follow-up observations are necessary to detect or set limits on stellar companions of planetary host stars so that stellar (and planet) parameters are as accurate as possible.
Near-infrared Search for Fundamental-mode RR Lyrae Stars toward the Inner Bulge by Deep Learning
Authors: Dékány István , Grebel Eva K. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aiming to extend the census of RR Lyrae stars to highly reddened low-latitude regions of the central Milky Way, we performed a deep near-IR variability search using data from the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea (VVV) survey of the bulge, analyzing the photometric time series of over a hundred million point sources. In order to separate fundamental-mode RR Lyrae (RRab) stars from other periodically variable sources, we trained a deep bidirectional long short-term memory recurrent neural network (RNN) classifier using VVV survey data and catalogs of RRab stars discovered and classified by optical surveys. Our classifier attained a ∼99% precision and recall for light curves with signal-to-noise ratio above 60, and is comparable to the best-performing classifiers trained on accurate optical data. Using our RNN classifier, we identified over 4300 hitherto unknown bona fide RRab stars toward the inner bulge. We provide their photometric catalog and VVV

photometric time series.
A Geologically Robust Procedure for Observing Rocky Exoplanets to Ensure that Detection of Atmospheric Oxygen Is a Modern Earth-like Biosignature
Authors: Lisse Carey M. , Desch Steven J. , Unterborn Cayman T. , Kane Stephen R. , Young Patrick R. , Hartnett Hilairy E. , Hinkel Natalie R. , Shim Sang-Heon , Mamajek Eric E. , Izenberg Noam R. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the next decades, the astrobiological community will debate whether the first observations of oxygen in an exoplanet’s atmosphere signify life, so it is critical to establish procedures now for collection and interpretation of such data. We present a step-by-step observational strategy for using oxygen as a robust biosignature to prioritize exoplanet targets and design future observations. It is premised on avoiding planets lacking subaerial weathering of continents, which would imply geochemical cycles drastically different from modern Earth’s, precluding use of oxygen as a biosignature. The strategy starts with the most readily obtained data: orbital semimajor axis and stellar luminosity to ensure residence in the habitable zone and stellar X-ray/ultraviolet flux to ensure an exoplanet can retain a secondary (outgassed) atmosphere. Next, high-precision mass and radius information should be combined with high-precision stellar abundance data to constrain the exoplanet’s water content; those incompatible with <0.1 wt% H2O can be deprioritized. Then, reflectance photometry or low-resolution transmission spectroscopy should confirm an optically thin atmosphere. Subsequent long-duration, high-resolution transmission spectroscopy should search for oxygen and ensure that water vapor and CO2 are present only at low (∼102–104 ppm levels). Assuming oxygen is found, attribution to life requires the most difficult step, acquisition of a detailed, multispectral light curve of the exoplanet, to ensure both surface land and water. Exoplanets failing some of these steps might be habitable, even have observable biogenic oxygen, but should be deprioritized because oxygen could not be attributed unambiguously to life, and life therefore would not be detectable on such planets. Finally, we show how to use this scheme for the solar system, the 55 Cnc system, and the TRAPPIST-1 system, in which only the Earth and TRAPPIST-1e successfully pass through our procedure.
Observations of Magnetic Field Line Curvature and Its Role in the Space Plasma Turbulence
Authors: Huang S. Y. , Zhang J. , Sahraoui F. , Yuan Z. G. , Deng X. H. , Jiang K. , Xu S. B. , Wei Y. Y. , He L. H. , Zhang Z. H. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Recent numerical simulations of plasma turbulence showed that magnetic field line curvature plays a key role in particle energization. Based on in situ high-resolution data provided by the four Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft, we investigate the magnetic field line curvature and its role in the turbulent magnetosheath plasma. Our analysis reveals that the curvature exhibits two power-law distributions: the low curvature follows the scaling as κ
0.33, and the large curvature has a scaling as κ
−2.16. The curvature is anticorrelated with the magnitude of the magnetic field, but positively related to the normal force, the drift electric current, and the curvature drift acceleration term, indicating that intense energy dissipation due to the curvature drift occurs in the large curvature region. One typical example shows a localized increase of electron temperature that coincides with a peak in the curvature and the curvature drift acceleration term, which supports the role of the latter in local energization of electrons, in agreement with simulation results. These observations allow us to better understand the connection between magnetic field line curvature, energy dissipation, and particle energization in space and astrophysical plasmas.
Seine-Escaut : un partenariat industriel et territorial au service des politiques publiques européennes
Authors: Bour Nicolas 
Published: July 2020

L’ensemble des acteurs économiques et territoriaux de six régions européennes (Normandie, Île-de-France, Grand Est, Hauts-de-France, Flandre et Wallonie) sont mobilisés depuis plus de vingt ans pour construire ensemble le premier réseau multimodal européen de transport fluvial le long des 1 100 km de voies d’eau à grand gabarit reliant cinq grands ports maritimes ‒ Le Havre, Rouen, Dunkerque, Anvers et Zeebrugge ‒ et irriguant trois grandes métropoles européennes : Paris, Lille et Bruxelles.
La coopération universitaire transfrontalière
Authors: Boutet-Waïss Françoise 
Published: July 2020

La coopération universitaire transfrontalière est relativement peu connue. Elle recouvre des coopérations en matière de formation, de recherche et de vie étudiante entre les universités françaises et les établissements d’enseignement supérieur situés de l’autre côté de la frontière terrestre ou maritime. Elle a été renforcée par la création en 1990 du programme européen Interreg. Elle trouve son ancrage naturel dans la continuité territoriale et le partage d’une langue commune. Mais les réussites les plus abouties sont le résultat d’un portage politique fort qui se traduit par la création d’une structure juridique opérationnelle. La plus emblématique est le modèle strasbourgeois avec le GECT « Eucor-Le campus européen », premier groupement européen de coopération territoriale porté exclusivement par des universités. Les obstacles à surmonter sont la barrière linguistique, les différences socio-économiques, réglementaires et dans l’organisation territoriale, et le climat politique (Brexit). Ils sont surmontés grâce à l’engagement des acteurs et au soutien financier de l’Europe et des collectivités territoriales.
Vivre en France et travailler au-delà des frontières : quelques perspectives sur les travailleurs frontaliers en France et dans l’UE
Authors: Bui Quang Pierre , Le Gallo Florian 
Published: July 2020

Au cœur des bassins de vie transfrontaliers, la libre circulation des travailleurs dans l’espace européen a facilité la recherche d’emploi au-delà des frontières. 2,1 millions d’Européens travaillaient ainsi en 2018 dans un autre État que celui de leur résidence, dont 450 000 Français. La rémunération de ces travailleurs correspond à autant de ressources pour leur pays de résidence. Les Français salariés à l’étranger ont ainsi perçu 22 milliards d’euros de revenus en 2018. Championne des travailleurs frontaliers, la France se distingue également par une relation à sens unique : elle compte peu de non-résidents occupant un emploi sur son territoire, contrairement à l’Allemagne qui reçoit autant de travailleurs non-résidents qu’elle envoie de résidents à l’étranger. Cette situation peut notamment s’expliquer par les motivations économiques qui structurent la géographie du travail transfrontière et qui se traduisent par d’importants flux sortants, en particulier vers la Suisse et le Luxembourg.
María Magdalena, abogada de Isabel I de Castilla. Un sujeto político femenino en la Querella de las Mujeres
Authors: Graña Cid María del Mar 
Published: July 2020

Según se afirma en la obra anónima Historia de la bendita Magdalena, publicada en 1514, fue Isabel la Católica quien encargó una primera redacción manuscrita. Este trabajo estudia la parte del texto que se vincula a la promoción de la reina valorando sus contenidos desde una perspectiva política y mostrando cómo en él se construye un sujeto político femenino. Podría afirmarse que la reina participó en la Querella de las Mujeres como defensora del sexo femenino.