bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Purification of human recombinant anti‐mullerian hormone and its derivatives
Authors: Rak Alexandra Ya. , Trofimov Alexander V. , Pigareva Natalia V. , Protasov Eugeny A. , Karabanova Elena A. , Ischenko Alexander M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAnti‐mullerian hormone (AMH) is a cytokine of transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) superfamily able to induce apoptosis in cells bearing specific AMH type II receptors (AMHRII). AMHRII is overexpressed in some malignant cells, so at present recombinant AMH (rAMH) is considered as a new candidate antineoplastic drug. The use of rAMH may be especially effective in case of such severe diseases as ovarian, prostate and breast cancer. However, the development of a new drug is hampered by the laboriousness of obtaining highly purified rAMH and by the lack of data about the pharmacological characteristics of rAMH derivatives. In this work, we obtained preparations of prohormone, half‐cleaved rAMH and a C‐terminal fragment of rAMH, which was confirmed by qualitative and quantitative analyses. To obtain rAMH and its derivatives we used a previously developed highly effective producer strain containing the optimized human AMH gene. The production process has been divided into several stages: (a) rAMH biosynthesis in the bioreactor; (b) culture media preparation; (c) purification of rAMH and its derivatives using immunoaffinity chromatography and reversed‐phase HPLC; (d) identification of the purified proteins by immunoblotting and analytical reversed‐phase HPLC; and (e) evaluation of the hormone forms activity. The obtained proteins may be used in preclinical trials and in vitro study of rAMH derivatives properties.
Endothelial intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 contributes to cell aggregate formation in CHO cells cultured in serum‐free media
Authors: Louie Salina , Heidersbach Amy , Blanco Noelia , Haley Benjamin , Rose Christopher M. , Liu Peter S. , Yim Mandy , Tang Danming , Lam Cynthia , Sandoval Wendy N. , Shaw David , Snedecor Brad , Misaghi Shahram 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells have been adapted to grow in serum‐free media and in suspension culture to facilitate manufacturing needs. Some CHO cell lines, however, tend to form cell aggregates while being cultured in suspension. This can result in reduced viability and capacity for single cell cloning (SCC) via limiting dilution, and process steps to mitigate cell aggregate formation, for example, addition of anti‐cell‐aggregation agents. In this study, we have identified endothelial intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‐1) as a key protein promoting cell aggregate formation in a production competent CHO cell line, which is prone to cell aggregate formation. Knocking out (KO) the ICAM‐1 gene significantly decreased cell aggregate formation in the culture media without anti‐cell‐aggregation reagent. This trait can simplify the process of transfection, selection, automated clone isolation, and so on. Evaluation in standard cell line development of ICAM‐1 KO and wild‐type CHO hosts did not reveal any noticeable impacts on titer or product quality. Furthermore, analysis of a derived nonaggregating cell line showed significant reductions in expression of cell adhesion proteins. Overall, our data suggest that deletion of ICAM‐1 and perhaps other cell adhesion proteins can reduce cell aggregate formation and improve clonality assurance during SCC.
Chemical Characterization of Five TunisianEucalyptusEssential Oils Species
Authors: Elaissi Ameur , Moumni Sarra , Roeleveld Kevin , Larbi Khouja Mohamed 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHydrodistillation of the dried leaves of fiveEucalyptusspecies,E. albaReinw.exBlume,E. citriodoraHook.,E. paniculataSm., harvested from Choucha arboreta (region of Sejnane, northwest of Tunisia),E. pimpinianaMaidenfrom Mjez Elbab arboreta (north east of Tunisia) andE. bicolorA.CunnexHookfrom Sidi Smail arboreta (center of Tunisia), in March 2017, afforded essential oils in yields varying from 1.3±0.2 to 6.0±0.9 % according to the species.E. citriodoraprovided the highest mean percentage of essential oil amongst all the species. Analysis by GC (RI) and GC/MS allowed the identification of 138 components representing 84.6–98.7 % of the total oil. The content of the different samples varied according to the species. The main components were citronellol, followed by 1,8‐cineole,α‐pinene,τ‐cadinol, 7‐epi‐α‐eudesmol,trans‐pinocarveol, spathulenol, aromadendrene,γ‐cadinene andδ‐cadinene. The principal components and the hierarchical cluster analyses separated the five leaf essential oils into three groups, each group constituted a chemotype.
Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma successfully treated with living donor liver transplantation: A case report and literature review
Authors: Fukuhara Sotaro , Tahara Hiroyuki , Hirata Yoshito , Ono Kosuke , Hamaoka Michinori , Shimizu Seiichi , Hashimoto Shinji , Kuroda Shintaro , Ohira Masahiro , Ide Kentaro , Kobayashi Tsuyoshi , Ohdan Hideki 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare neoplasm with a variable malignant potential and a high risk of recurrence. No general treatment guidelines have been established. Fortunately, we were able to minimize immunosuppressant after liver transplantation because of a full HLA‐matched case. There was no recurrence 1 year after treatment.
An infant with refractory cytomegalovirus‐induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Uemura Suguru , Mori Takeshi , Nino Nanako , Sakakibara Nana , Takafuji Satoru , Myojin Shota , Takami Yuichi , Morioka Ichiro , Nishimura Noriyuki , Kugo Masaaki , Iijima Kazumoto 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe present case underscores the importance of considering the association of severe thrombocytopenia or immune thrombocytopenia with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection because CMV‐induced thrombocytopenia occasionally requires antiviral therapy.
CeO2 Encapsulated by Iron, Sulfur, and Nitrogen‐Doped Carbons for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalytic Activity
Authors: Ji Mingjun , He Bing , Yu Yue , Yu Xiaodan , Xing Shuangxi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe design and synthesis of highly stable, low‐cost electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction to supersede noble‐metal catalysts is critical for their application in the field of fuel cells. Herein, we report a facile approach for the synthesis of CeO2 encapsulated by iron, sulfur, and nitrogen‐doped carbon nanoparticles (CeO2@Fe,S,N−C NPs) by pyrolyzing CeO2@polypyrrole, which is obtained in the presence of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate as a surfactant and FeCl3 as an oxidant during the polymerization of pyrrole on the CeO2 surface. As Fe and S are effectively doped into the N‐doped carbon derived from polypyrrole, a large number of active sites are created, which greatly enhances the catalytic activity of the sample. The achieved sample displays excellent catalytic activity with an onset and halfwave potential of 0.924 V and 0.835 V, respectively, and a limiting current density of 5.45 mA cm−2 at the potential of 0.4 V vs. RHE. Moreover, it illustrates a high durability and strong methanol tolerance, endowing it with the prospect of applications in energy conversion.
Evaluation of Bioelectromethanogenesis Part I: Energy Calculations
Authors: Enzmann Franziska , Gronemeier Denise , Holtmann Dirk 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBioelectromethanogenesis, a technology to convert electrical energy into CH4, is on the transition from lab‐scale to industrial application. But the question arises if it is really a sustainable technology or just another scientific artifact. Especially the energy efficiency is a crucial aspect to allow conclusions about the applicability. In this paper, the basics of energy calculations are applied to literature data to model the energy efficiency. Different scenarios were calculated, showing that further research has to be conducted to turn bioelectromethanogenesis into a feasible technology.
A novel geometric fuzzy membership functions for mouth and eye brows to recognize emotions
Authors: Priya R. Vishnu , Bharat Rawal 
Published: December 2019

SummaryIn this article, the novel geometrical fuzzy membership functions are proposed to accurately recognize the emotions. The four corner features are taken from both the eyebrows and mouth regions of the expressive static image without considering reference face. The quadrilateral shape is defined from the features and it failed to match with the basic geometric shapes. This quadrilateral is given to the proposed novel fuzzy membership functions to calculate the degree of impreciseness and vagueness exists in the defined quadrilateral. As the result, the 12 fuzzy features are obtained and evaluated by the various classifiers. Both CK and JAFFE datasets are used in the experiment to prove the performance of the proposed method compared to some of the recent methods. It is observed the proposed method gives the highest accuracy rate of 98.4% and 99.15% against contemporary methods. The proposed work achieves the statistical measures of 97.8% of sensitivity, 99.2% of specificity, 97.9% of positive predictive value, and 97.8% of F‐measure. Moreover, the proposed work achieves encouraging results compared to the recent Google API using publicly available datasets. This achievement is due to the fact of exactly identified the impreciseness and vagueness in the defined quadrilateral. The proposed approach avoids reference face and uses the least number of fuzzy features compared to state‐of‐the‐art approaches that reduces the pre‐processing, computational, and learning times.
Co‐citation analysis of literature in e‐science and e‐infrastructures
Authors: Mustafee Navonil , Bessis Nik , Taylor Simon J.E. , Hou Jianhua , Matthew Peter 
Published: December 2019

SummaryAdvances in computer networking, storage technologies, and high‐performance computing are helping global communities of researchers to address increasingly ambitious problems in Science collaboratively. E‐Science is the “science of this age”; it is realized through collaborative scientific enquiry which requires the utilization of non‐trivial amounts of computing resources and massive data sets. Core to this is the integrated set of technologies collectively known as e‐Infrastructures. In this paper, we explore the e‐Science and the e‐Infrastructure knowledge base through co‐citation analysis of existing literature. The dataset for this analysis is downloaded from the ISI Web of Science and includes over 12,000 articles. We identify prominent articles, authors, and articles with citation bursts. The detection of research clusters and the underlying seminal papers provide further insights. Our analysis is an important source of reference for academics, researchers, and students starting research in this field.
Assessment of ARX expression, a novel biomarker for metastatic risk in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, in endoscopic ultrasound fine‐needle aspiration
Authors: Hackeng Wenzel M. , Morsink Folkert H. M. , Moons Leon M. G. , Heaphy Christopher M. , Offerhaus G. Johan A. , Dreijerink Koen M. A. , Brosens Lodewijk A. A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe transcription factors ARX and PDX1, and alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) were recently described as prognostic markers for resected non‐functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs). ALT positive tumors with ARX expression relapse most often. Currently, tumor size is the only preoperative marker used to decide whether or not to operate, thus additional preoperative prognostic markers are needed. Therefore, it is critical to assess the performance of these biomarkers on preoperative cytologic specimens.MethodsEndoscopic fine‐needle aspiration cellblock material and corresponding surgical specimens of 13 patients with PanNETs were assessed for histology, immunohistochemical staining of ARX, PDX1, Synaptophysin, Ki67, and telomere‐specific fluorescence in situ hybridization to detect ALT, and then associated with clinicopathological features. Scoring for ARX and PDX1 was performed blinded by two independent observers.ResultsOf the 13 surgical specimens, 8 were ARX+/PDX1−, 2 ARX−/PDX1+, and 3 ARX+/PDX1+. Concordance between cytologic and surgical specimens for ARX protein expression was 100%, whereas concordance for PDX1, ALT, and WHO tumor grade was 85%, 91%, and 73%, respectively. There was a perfect inter‐observer agreement in ARX and PDX1 scoring.ConclusionARX can reliably be determined in cytologic specimens and has low inter‐observer variability. For cytology, false‐positive PDX1 expression was observed, possibly due to contamination or sampling, while ALT had a false‐negative case due to incomplete sampling. As previously observed, tumor grade is underestimated in cytologic specimens. Thus, ARX and ALT are the most promising markers to predict metastatic behavior in PanNETs, thereby warranting further validation in larger studies.
Premenstrual symptoms as a marker of ovarian hormone sensitivity in eating disorders
Authors: Hardin Sabrina L. , Thornton Laura M. , Munn‐Chernoff Melissa A. , Baker Jessica H. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveResearch indicates a link between ovarian hormones and eating pathology, suggesting that some women with an eating disorder may be ovarian hormone sensitive. Using premenstrual symptoms (PMS) as an indirect measure of ovarian hormone sensitivity, we investigated the association between 11 PMS domains and four core eating disorder symptoms: body dissatisfaction, binge eating, purging, and restriction.MethodParticipants were young adult women (N = 455) who completed an online survey. PMS were assessed using the Daily Record of Severity of Problems and eating pathology with the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory. Pearson correlations were calculated between PMS domains and eating disorder symptoms followed by a stepwise regression to create a more refined model for each eating disorder symptom, including relevant covariates.ResultsSignificant correlations between a majority of eating disorder symptoms and PMS emerged (r's = .13–.37; p < .01). Backward regression revealed significant PMS domain predictors for each symptom. The final models captured a small‐to‐moderate amount of variance for each eating disorder symptom (R2 = 0.06–0.25).DiscussionWomen who experience physical and psychological PMS may be at risk for eating disorder symptoms; PMS could be a marker of ovarian hormone sensitivity in women at risk for an eating disorder. Future studies should address mechanisms underlying this association.
Nutrient supply patterns across the Sandhill Fen reclamation watershed and regional reference fens in Alberta, Canada: An ion exchange membrane study
Authors: Hartsock Jeremy A. , Bremer Eric , Vitt Dale H. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUsing Plant Root Simulator (PRS®) probes, we evaluate nutrient supply rates at the Sandhill Fen reclamation watershed across a gradient of increasing water table position and compare observations with three reference fens (a poor, moderate‐rich, and saline fen). Our objectives were threefold: (a) determine the behavior of PRS probes across multiple peatland classes, (b) determine which type of peatland Sandhill Fen is most analogous to in terms of nutrient supply patterns and site chemistry, and (c) attempt to provide a repeatable approach for assessing nutrient supply in peatlands. In terms of porewater chemistry, conditions at Sandhill Fen were quite unique, yet, most comparable to the saline fen. Consistent with porewater analysis, PRS probes had low nitrate supply at all sites, high calcium and magnesium supply at all sites (except the poor fen), and much higher sulfur supply at Sandhill Fen. Site differences in PRS probe measurements were smaller for 20‐ than 2‐day burial periods due to displacement of less strongly held elements (e.g., potassium) on ion exchange membranes. Because long‐term incubations may underrepresent supply rates for weakly held ions due to displacement by divalent ions, we recommend that reclamation assessments over a wide range of fen types should use a relatively short burial period of 1 to 3 days. With few exceptions (sulfate and iron), nutrient supply patterns at Sandhill Fen were quite comparable to the reference fens. For future wetland reclamation performance assessments in the AOSR, PRS probes could serve an important role for evaluating belowground functional components.
Returns to investment in postharvest loss reduction technologies among mango farmers in Embu County, Kenya
Authors: Mujuka Esther , Mburu John , Ogutu Ackello , Ambuko Jane 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHorticultural production is a source of livelihood for many smallholder farmers in Kenya. However, the potential is hampered by high postharvest losses estimated at 40%–50% in fruit and vegetables. The losses are attributed to various factors including postharvest handling, lack of storage technologies, lack of processing facilities, and poor market access. Consequently, some farmer groups have resorted to aggregation of their mangoes and engagement in small scale processing of mangoes into shelf stable products that cannot be marketed widely. In order to bridge the lack of capacity of smallholder farmers, the University of Nairobi's postharvest project with support from the Rockefeller Foundation's YieldWise Initiative seeks to upgrade two fruit aggregation centers by creating awareness and providing existing, applicable, and proven postharvest loss reduction technologies such as tunnel solar driers, brick coolers, charcoal, and CoolbotTM cold storage technologies. However, the potential economic impact of the proposed investment is not known. Hence, this study aimed at assessing the potential economic returns to investment in postharvest loss reduction technologies among smallholder mango farmers in Embu County of Kenya. A critical overview on methods employed in analyzing returns to investment in agricultural technologies has been provided. The economic surplus model was used to estimate the potential benefits of the investment. Using the cost–benefit analysis (CBA) approach, a maximum adoption rate of 10% over 10 years, and a 10% discount rate, it was found that the investment was worthwhile. The NPV was US $ 1.3 billion. The IRR and BCR were 28% and 4.29, respectively. Sensitivity analyses showed that the investment is viable at higher adoption and lower discount rates indicating the need to promote the technologies even under more difficult macroeconomic conditions.
Possible use of organic compounds on shelf life and quality properties of peeled pomegranate
Authors: Kaveh Hamed , Vatandoost Safieh 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPomegranate cultivar (“Ardestani”) peeled and packed in polyethylene containers and treated with different natural products. Two concentrations of Aloe vera gel (10 and 15%), two different levels of saffron petal extracts (10 and 20% V/V) and two concentrations of saffron style extract (0.1 and 1% V/V) and control in one storage condition (7°C and 85% RH) were the treatments that applied by a full factorial randomized method. We examined natural substances for their possible application in extending the shelf life of fresh‐cut horticultural products to find a new approach for packaging and exporting pomegranates. About 13.8% mass loss in the 12th day of storage occurred because of higher enzymatic activity and lower membrane resistance. Our results show that all treatments significantly reduced mass loss, and Aloe vera gel treatments combined with saffron petal extract were the best. Although all treatments decreased ion leakage, Aloe vera gel and saffron petal extract reduced it significantly. Ion leakage incidence of arils at day 12 was lower in Aloe vera gel and saffron petal extract treatment compare to control. Application of both saffron extracts on arils reduced decay incidence and chilling injury from 86.67% to 6.67% and 60% to 26.67%, respectively. Total acidity, soluble solids content, total phenol content, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant capacity of arils changed differently in different treatments, and saffron petal extract significantly was the best one and increased anthocyanin content, total phenol content, and antioxidant capacity in arils. The microbial contamination increased in more extended storage, although both saffron extracts were successfully suppressed mold and bacteria growth below acceptable limits in 14 days at 7°C.
Closing down the shop: Optimal health and wealth dynamics near the end of life
Authors: Hugonnier Julien , Pelgrin Florian , St‐Amour Pascal 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNear the end of life, health declines, mortality risk increases, and curative care is replaced by uninsured long‐term care, accelerating the fall in wealth. Whereas standard explanations emphasize inevitable aging processes, we propose a complementaryclosing down the shopjustification where agents' decisions affect their health and the timing of death. Despite preferring to live, individuals optimally deplete their health and wealth towards levels associated with high death risk and gradual indifference between life and death. Reinstating exogenous aging processes reinforces the relevance of closing down. Using Health and Retirement Study–Consumption and Activities Mail Survey data for elders, a structural estimation of the closed‐form decisions identifies, tests, and confirms the relevance of closing down.
Nexus between trade, CO2 emissions, renewable energy, and health expenditure in Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Irfan , Rehman Alam , Khan Farman Ullah , Shah Muhammad Haroon , Khan Faridoon 
Published: December 2019

SummaryAs a result of the recent energy crisis and rapid industrialization in Pakistan, significant attention has turned toward alternative energy resources, CO2 emissions, and health‐related issues. The adoption of renewable energies will not only accomplish the energy demand in the economy but will also provide a healthy environment. Therefore, it is essential to understand the linkages between trade, renewable energy, CO2 emissions, and health expenditures with a special focus on an emerging economy like Pakistan. This study used time series data from the 1998‐2017 period and adopted the simultaneous equation approach for empirical analysis. The results show that an increase in trade volume positively contributes to the amount of CO2 emissions and, as a result, CO2 increases health expenditures. Conversely, renewable energy has a negative association with health expenditures and CO2 emission, signifying the importance of renewable energy in enhancing environmental quality and reducing health expenditures, which are adversely affected due to CO2 emissions. The empirical findings suggest that the government of Pakistan needs proper policy guidelines for renewable energy adoption in the industrial sector and that such guidelines can be further accommodated and adjusted in other determinants of the economy.
Photoluminescence of Doped YAG Transparent Ceramics Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering
Authors: Wagner Avital , Ratzker Barak , Kalabukhov Sergey , Galun Ehud , Dariel Moshe P. , Frage Nachum 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDoped transparent ceramics have potential for a wide range of optical applications derived from their easily controllable fluorescence properties. The aim of this contribution is to present and discuss an effective fabrication method for doped transparent yttrium aluminum garnet ceramics. The powder synthesis route was adapted from common co‐precipitation methods and the powder densification was performed by spark plasma sintering. Parameters of the fabrication process were optimized for different lanthanide dopants in order to obtain highly transparent single‐ and multi‐doped ceramics. The photoluminescence properties of the samples were measured and discussed. The use of lithium fluoride as a sintering additive was confirmed to be favorable and post‐sintering heat treatments were shown to be necessary for certain dopants. Finally, the photoluminescence lifetime of dopants in a multi‐doped sample were measured and the energy transfer efficiency between dopants was determined.