bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glycemic control and bacterial infectious risk in type 2 diabetes: A retrospective cohort from a primary care database
Authors: Lemoine Edouard , Dusenne Mikaël , Schuers Matthieu 
Published: December 2024

Objective
The prevalence of diabetes was estimated at 5.3% of the French population in 2020. People with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of infection. Currently, there is no consensus on the impact of glycemic control on infectious risk. The objective was to evaluate whether glycemic control and diabetes severity were associated with infectious risk in type 2 diabetes.

Materials and methods
We designed a multicenter retrospective cohort study using data from a French primary care database. Data were collected from January 2012 to January 2022. Glycemic control was estimated by the threshold of glycated hemoglobin and diabetes severity by the number, and the type, of antidiabetic treatments. Infectious risk was evaluated by the mean of antibiotic prescriptions per year.

Results
Among 59,020 patients, 1959 patients were included in the final analysis. The threshold of glycated hemoglobin was not associated with the mean of antibiotic prescriptions per year (ANOVA p = 0.228). Secondary analyses did not show an association between the number, or the type, of antidiabetic treatments and the mean of antibiotic prescriptions per year (p = 0.53 and p = 0.018, respectively).
No association was observed between glycemic control, diabetes severity and infectious risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. This is the first European study using data from primary care to examine bacterial infectious risk in patients with type 2 diabetes, demonstrating the possibilities offered by the use of databases in primary care research.

Conclusion
Long-term glycemic control was not associated with bacterial infectious risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Comprehensive analysis of bioinformatics and system biology reveals the association between Girdin and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Huang Tengda , Chen Hongying , Pan Hongyuan , Wu Tian , Ren Xiangyi , Qin Liwen , Yuan Kefei , He Fang 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The actin-binding protein Girdin is overexpressed in various tumors, promoting tumorigenesis and progression. However, the exact mechanisms by which Girdin regulates liver cancer remain poorly understood.

Methods
This study comprehensively analyzed the expression level of Girdin in liver cancer and adjacent tissue, along with the correlation between Girdin expression and the clinical characteristics and prognosis of liver cancer. The analysis integrated data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) database. Subsequently, Girdin expression was knocked down to elucidate its role in the progression of liver cancer. Transcriptome sequencing was employed to investigate the mechanistic underpinnings of Girdin’s regulatory impact on liver cancer. Additionally, the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) was utilized to identify potential drugs or molecules for liver cancer treatment.

Results
The findings revealed elevated Girdin expression in liver cancer tissues, and heightened Girdin expression correlating with adverse clinical features and prognosis. Silencing of Girdin markedly impeded the proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Moreover, transcriptome sequencing demonstrated that silencing Girdin led to differential expression of 176 genes and inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, as well as its upstream pathways—Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and Chemokine signaling pathway. Ultimately, we propose that Imatinib Mesylate, Orantinib, Resveratrol, Sorafenib, and Curcumin may interact with Girdin, potentially contributing to the treatment of liver cancer.

Conclusion
This study reveals the association between Girdin and hepatocellular carcinoma, providing novel clues for future research and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Influence of different substrates on fruiting bodies yield and antioxidant properties of oyster mushroom
Authors: Murtic Senad , Udovicic Anita , Valjevac Mirza , Heco Melina , Fazlic Dzeneta , Zahirovic Sinanovic Cerima , Karic Lutvija , Udovičić Anita 
Published: December 2024

The present study was designed to evealuate the influence of different substrates on the yield and antioxidant properties of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostrestus) cultivated in 'bag-logs'. The substrates used in this study were: (1) maize straw, (2) beech sawdust mixed with wheat bran, and (3 and 4) maize straw mixed with spent coffee grounds mixed in a different ratio. Total phenolics, total flavonoids and total antioxidant acitivity of oyster mushroom were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, Aluminium chloride method and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay, respectively. The highest fruiting bodies yield of oyster mushroom was obtained from substrate 4 (maize straw mixed with spent coffee grounds in a ratio of 50:50), while the least was from substrate 1 (maize straw). Total phenolic contents ranged from 3.80 mg in oyster mushroom grown on substrate 4 (maize straw mixed with spent coffee grounds in a ratio of 50:50) to 4.85 mg of gallic acid equivalents g-1 dry mass in oyster mushroom form substrate 2 (beech sawdust mixed with wheat bran). Total flavonoid contents were very low in all analysed mushroom extracts. There was no significant difference between total antioxidant activities of oyster mushroom grown on different substrates.
Straight and helical plating with locking plates for proximal humeral shaft fractures – a biomechanical comparison under physiological load conditions
Authors: Halbauer Christian , Capanni Felix , Paech Andreas , Knop Christian , Merkle Tobias , Da Silva Tomas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Helical plating is an established method for treating proximal humeral shaft fractures, mitigating the risk of iatrogenic radial nerve damage. However, biomechanical test data on helical plates under physiological load condition is limited. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical performance of helical and straight PHILOS® Long plates in AO12C2 fractures using static and cyclic implant system testing.

Methods
Helical and straight PHILOS® Long plates on artificial bone substitutes were tested under physiological axial static (n=6) and cyclic loading (n=12). The axial construct stiffness was the main parameter for comparing the biomechanical performance of the two groups. Mimicking a clinical scenario, the helical deformation was performed consecutively by an experienced surgeon using iron bending tools. The torsional angle was determined computationally from 3D-scanning models afterwards.

Results
Helical plating resulted in a significantly reduced axial construct stiffness in all test scenarios compared to conventional straight plating (static testing: p=0.012; cyclic testing: p≤0.010). No failure occurred within the range of physiological loading in both groups.

Conclusions
Helical plating favors multidimensional deformation of the test sample in lateral-ventral direction under axial loading, resulting in a reduced axial construct stiffness and in an increased interfragmentary movement. No biomechanical failure is to be expected within physiological load boundaries.
Obstacles during training of pregnant doctors in Germany before and after COVID-19: is there a need for change?
Authors: Fortmann Caroline , Johna Susanne , Groß Christiane , Niethard Maya , Puhahn-Schmeiser Barbara 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
With the growing proportion of female practitioners in the medical field, management of pregnant medical doctors is an increasingly important concern. The 2018 amendments to the German Maternity Protection Act stipulate that pregnant doctors and students can and should be permitted to safely continue their work under strict protective measures. Despite these measures, the reality is that pregnancy still results in limits on professional advancement and attainment for many physicians. To improve this situation, we analyzed the current situation in Germany. Based on our analysis, we identified some areas in need of improvement and offered recommendations.

Methods
We performed a nationwide online survey that was sent to medical doctors and students via the physicians’ union Marburger Bund members’ mailing list. The survey’s main focus was on which kinds of clinical duties the pregnant doctors were assigned to, subdivided into four different time periods (under the previous and amended Maternity Protection Act, during COVID-19 pandemic and after), from 2016 to 2022.

Results
Our survey included 4,748 female medical doctors and students, with a balanced distribution across the four different time periods. The most striking restriction reported by our participants was a ban on performing surgeries and invasive procedures, an experience reported by 57–65 % of pregnant doctors and medical students before the COVID-19 pandemic and nearly 80 % since the pandemic. In addition, since the COVID-19 pandemic, a complete employment ban has been enforced upon nearly 50 % of the pregnant doctors. More than 50 % of pregnant doctors considered their careers to have been obstructed or curtailed by their pregnancies prior to the pandemic, with that number growing to two-thirds since the pandemic.

Conclusions
Pregnancy negatively impacts doctors’ training and careers. Many women are not allowed to perform surgeries and invasive procedures, even while some of these practitioners report that they wish to and are capable of continuing their work. Change is needed to support enthusiastic young female doctors and students and enable them to maintain their skills and professional advancement during pregnancy.
Tko se to našao u čudnovatim zgodama: Hlapić ili Dikics?
Authors: Bockovac Timea , Plavac Morana 
Published: December 2024

Godina 2024. u znaku je 150. obljetnice rođenja Ivane Brlić-Mažuranić, glasovite pripovjedačice i međunarodno poznate spisateljice za djecu te jedne od najprevođenijih hrvatskih književnica. Pisala je poeziju, eseje i dnevnike, zbirke pripovijedaka i pjesama za djecu, a pravu pozornost književne publike skreće 1913. godine objavom romana za djecu Čudnovate zgode šegrta Hlapića, dok se njezinim krunskim djelom smatra zbirka pripovijedaka Priče iz davnine objavljena 1916. godine. U radu je riječi o autoričinoj književnoj recepciji u Mađarskoj, a glavni dio usmjerit će se na analizu prijevodna rješenja glagola u romanu Čudnovate zgode šegrta Hlapića. Dobiveni rezultati će doprinijeti proširenju znanja o prevoditeljskim tehnikama hrvatsko-mađarskih tekstova, odnosno mogu se implementirati u nastavnu cjelinu obrade teksta.
Educação, Tecnologia, Ideologia e o processo de desenvolvimento de Álvaro Vieira Pinto
Authors: Ferreira Gomes Geovane 
Published: December 2024

Este artigo explora o conceito do desenvolvimento e sua relação com a tecnologia, com base nos escritos de Álvaro Vieira Pinto. A partir de seu texto Ideologia e desenvolvimento nacional, investigamos os fundamentos que sustentam suas ideias presentes no livro O conceito de tecnologia, com foco na noção de consciência para o outro e na apropriação da tecnologia como patrimônio da humanidade para atender às demandas sociais. Vieira Pinto destaca a necessidade de construir uma ideologia nacional com base filosófica e estruturada no Estado. Essa ideologia, embora liberal, seria democrática, com participação ativa das massas e dos intelectuais, e, como evidenciado em suas obras, estariam intrinsecamente ligada à educação. Vieira Pinto argumenta que a apropriação da tecnologia, mesmo de origem estrangeira, pode servir como um estágio intermediário no processo de desenvolvimento nacional. A partir dessa perspectiva, examinamos como a educação tecnológica é abordada no meio acadêmico, onde frequentemente é associada à acumulação de capital, em detrimento das oportunidades vislumbradas por Vieira Pinto. Diante das disputas ideológicas presentes na sociedade brasileira, identificamos a dificuldade em encontrar elementos capazes de construir uma ideologia sólida para o desenvolvimento nacional. Essa lacuna constribui para a perpetuação do atual cenário da educação brasileira, postergado o desenvolvimento do país.
Olin Downes and the Soviets
Authors: Bartig Kevin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In 1929 and 1932, the influential New York Times music critic Olin Downes toured the Soviet Union as a guest of the All-Union Society for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries (VOKS), an arm of the Soviet government charged with cultural diplomacy. During these visits he attended performances, met with Soviet musicians, and surveyed music institutions. His reporting on these experiences garnered significant attention, given both Downes’s prominence and the fact that he was the first major US music critic to visit the Soviet Union since the Bolshevik Revolution. In this article, I show how this early example of US-Soviet musical exchange bolstered Downes’s professional authority and focused his critical agenda. I begin by reconstructing his Soviet tours and situating the critic in a story of interwar US-Soviet exchange that to date has largely overlooked the role of music and musicians. I then show that Downes constructed Soviet musical culture for US readers in ways that impacted his subsequent commentary on domestic matters. Significantly, key experiences in the Soviet Union stimulated his later advocacy of a nationally inflected voice for American music, an aspect of Downes’s work that is central to understanding the critic’s career and a crucial piece in the history of interwar musical nationalism and populism in the United States. More broadly, this study invites consideration of the varied roles played by critics during the interwar period, the international and cross-cultural dimensions of criticism, and the importance of interwar cultural exchange as a prehistory to Cold War music diplomacy.
Reevaluating Political Musiktheater and Reversing Colonialist History: Mauricio Kagel’s Mare Nostrum (1975)
Authors: Fitz Gibbon Elaine R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Long ago, in mid-October, members of an Amazonian tribe discovered the Mediterranean. Having made the arduous journey across the Atlantic, the colonizers were fascinated by the strange peoples they encountered as they traveled around this newfound sea. Or so reports the narrator of Mauricio Kagel’s 1975 work of “sitting music theater,” Mare Nostrum: Discovery, Pacification and Conversion of the Mediterranean Region by a Tribe from Amazonia. Borrowing its title from the Imperial Roman name for the Mediterranean, “Our Sea,” Mare Nostrum is an operatic farce of European colonialism. Using the playful space of an imagined past, Kagel restages Latin American colonial legacies on the waters of the Mediterranean to meditate on power, violence, and the writing of history. This article employs theories of transnational experimentalisms to establish the centrality of mobility in Kagel’s work—a mobility, as the article argues, that is fundamental to the genre of experimental music theater. Themes of mobility suffuse Mare Nostrum, not only in the imaginative material of its dramatic plot, but in the work’s creative movement through music history and its play with iconic works of musical exoticism; in its entwinement with international networks of avant-garde performance; and in its portrayal of environmental devastation as a legacy of colonialism’s extractive structures. Reconsidering Mare Nostrum in light of urgent geopolitical crises of postcolonial and environmental violence, the article concludes with a provocation to reconceptualize the historiography of the mid-twentieth-century avant-garde with such works of experimental music theater at its center.
Association of leukocyte elastase in semen and seminal plasma with sperm parameters and pregnancy outcomes in male fertility
Authors: Das Mausumi , Gumssani Maha , Mullaney Julia , Henkel Ralf , Minhas Suks , Aquilina Marie Claire , Jayasena Channa N 
Published: December 2024

Background
Semen analysis is the standard test for evaluating male fertility. However, it may not address all aspects of male infertility. This review explores the role of leukocyte elastase (LE) as a possible biomarker for male fertility by evaluating 28 corresponding studies.

Objectives
We aimed to explore how LE levels in semen relate to sperm quality and pregnancy outcomes.

Methods
This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and included studies from PubMed, Medline, Embase and Scopus (March 22–25, 2024) using the keywords ‘elastase’, ‘sperm’ and ‘semen’. Out of 897 identified articles, 334 were screened, leading to 90 full-text reviews. We included 28 studies reporting sperm parameters linked to LE and excluded non-English articles, reviews and animal studies. Data collected included study details, methods, population, LE levels, sperm characteristics and pregnancy outcomes. A narrative synthesis was used because of differing study designs. Quality assessment, using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute tool, rated 21 studies medium quality, 6 high and 1 low.

Results
Only a limited number of studies reported a correlation between LE levels and sperm parameters, with no significant link to sperm concentration. Overall, we did not identify a strong association between LE levels and pregnancy or fertilization rates.

Conclusions
Although LE serves as a marker for seminal leukocyte concentration, its link to sperm quality and fertility outcomes remains weak and inconsistent. Based on current evidence, LE does not appear to be a reliable diagnostic marker for male infertility. Future studies should focus on standardizing LE measurement techniques and exploring its interaction with other semen parameters to clarify its role in male fertility.
Effect of thermochemical activation temperature on electrical conductivity and concentration of charge carriers in the obtained porous carbon materials
Authors: Rachiy B.I. , Ivanichok N.Ya. , Moklyak V.V. , Kolkovskyi P.I. , Bulbuk O.I. , Soltys A.M. , Borchuk D.S. , Khrushch L.Z. 
Published: December 2024

By changing the temperature of chemical activation of plant biomass, nanoporous carbon materials with a specific surface area of up to 1050 m2/g were obtained. The obtained carbon materials were used to form composites with different percentages of conductive additive. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the physicochemical processes occurring at the carbon electrode/electrolyte interface in a 30% aqueous KOH solution.
The concentration of charge carriers in the obtained carbon materials was determined, the values of which are in the range of 6·1018 – 35·1018 cm-3, and its dependence on the temperature of thermochemical activation was established. It was established that an increase in the temperature of thermochemical activation from 600 ºС to 900 ºС leads to an increase in the capacity of the space charge region by almost 10 times. The formation of nanoporous carbon material/conductive additive composites contributes to the correlation between the values ​​of specific capacitance and electrical resistance for the studied materials.
Capacidad de las escalas CURB-65, SOFA, NEWS2 y 4C para predecir la mortalidad hospitalaria por COVID-19 en los primeros 30 días en Lima, Perú
Authors: Quispe-Ochoa Diana , Flores-Quiroga Rodrigo , Hernández-Patiño Iván , De La Cruz-Vargas Jhony Alberto , Talavera Jesús Enrique 
Published: December 2024

Introducción. A pesar de que la pandemia por COVID-19 ha sido controlada, podrían surgir nuevas y fatales variantes que generen una respuesta inflamatoria alta. Por tanto, resulta pertinente el uso de instrumentos que permitan al personal sanitario identificar pacientes potencialmente graves.
Objetivo. Determinar la capacidad de las escalas CURB-65, SOFA, NEWS2 y 4C Mortality Score para predecir la mortalidad hospitalaria por COVID-19 en los primeros 30 días en Lima, Perú.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio analítico retrospectivo realizado en 268 adultos con neumonía por COVID-19 hospitalizados entre enero 1 y junio 30 del 2021 en un hospital de tercer nivel de atención en Lima, Perú. Para determinar el rendimiento de predicción de mortalidad hospitalaria por COVID-19 dentro de los primeros 30 días, se calcularon las curvas ROC (Operativa del receptor) y las áreas bajo la curva (AUC) de cada escala, así como su sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo (VPP) y valor predictivo negativo (VPN). Los puntos de corte de puntaje de las escalas se obtuvieron mediante el índice de Youden.
Resultados. La mediana de edad de los participantes fue de 54 años (RIQ: 45.20-64.00), 177 (66.04%) eran hombres y 67 (25.00%) fallecieron. La escala con el mayor AUC fue la 4C Mortality Score (0.89; IC95%: 0.84-0.93), seguida de la SOFA (0.87; IC95%: 0.83-0.92).
Conclusiones. Las cuatro escalas tuvieron una aceptable capacidad predictiva de mortalidad hospitalaria en pacientes con COVID-19, siendo la 4C Mortality Score la que tuvo el mejor rendimiento, seguida de la SOFA.
Trabajo infantil y sus consecuencias en la salud de los niños
Authors: López-Michelena Luis Ignacio 
Published: December 2024

Estimado editor,
Los niños y adolescentes forman parte de la fuerza laboral desde laantigüedad y aunque actualmente el trabajo infantil es reconocidocomo una actividad que atenta contra sus derechos y su salud, seestima que para 2020, 160 millones de niños estaban trabajando,especialmente en África. 1 En Colombia el trabajo infantil estápermitido a partir de los 15 años por el Código de la Infancia y laAdolescencia; 2 sin embargo, según los datos de la Gran encuestaintegrada de hogares (GEIH por su sigla en español) realizada en2022 por el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística,para diciembre de 2022 la población infantil trabajadora era de 369mil niños y adolescentes entre 5 y 17 años, de los cuales 55%(206 000) se encontraban en áreas rurales y 69.5% eran varones(257 000). 2