bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA DIGITAL OLEH GURU PADA SISWA KELAS X DI SMA NEGERI 1 PLERET GUNA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PKn SECARA EFISIEN
Authors: Hidayat Kholif 
Published: August 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk: (1) Untuk mengetahui hasil belajar PKn siswa ketika guru menggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis digital, (2) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara guru memanfaatkan media digital dalam proses pembelajaran, (3) Untuk mengetahui kendala apa saja yang dihadapi guru dalam menggunakan media digital dalam proses pembelajaran PKn.
Penelitian ini secara spesifik lebih diarahkan pada desain penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif berusaha untuk menuturkan pemecahan masalah yang ada sekarang berdasarkan data-data. Maka dalam penelitian ini, peneliti akan menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif kualitatif untuk menjelaskan tentang pemanfaatan media digital oleh guru pada siswa kelas X SMA N 1 Pleret guna meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa secara efisien. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi.
Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pemanfaatan media pembelajaran berbasis digital dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar PKn di SMA N Pleret sebagai berikut: Secara umum pemanfaatan media pembelajaran yang digunakan guru di SMA N 1 Pleret cukup baik dan maksimal. Untuk media pembelajaran PKn sudah menggunakan LCD meskipun guru harus membawa laptop sendiri serta dalam ulangan harian maupun ujian tengah semester (UTS) rata-rata hasil belajar PKn diatas nilai KKM, adapun nilai KKM di SMA N 1 Pleret pada mata pelajaran PKn adalah 7,5.
DO WE NEED TO REBUILDING CHARACTER ?
Authors: Ayudiati Citra , Endarwati Endarwati 
Published: August 2020

Perkembangan pendidikan di Indonesia telah berkembangan dengan sangat pesat, tidakhanya perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan namun juga perkembangan teknologi informasi telah membawa perubahan yang sangat besar dalam pola pendidikan di Indonesia. Pendidikan adalah sebuah gerbang yang akan membawa mahasiswa menjadi generasi penerus bangsa ini, tidahk hanya sekedar membangun bangsa namun juga membangun karakter bangsa supaya bangsa ini menjadi bangsa yang besar. Pendidikan karakter bisa terinternalisasi dalam kurikulum yang nantinya akan membantu mahasiswa mengembangkan karakter diri. Penelitian ini mengambarkan sejauh mana pendidikan karakter akan membantu mahasiswa dalam mengembangkan dirinya. Hasil penelitian ini adanya keterlibatan pendidikan karakter dalam kurikulum akan membantu mahasiswa menghadapi dunia pekerjaan yang akan dipengaruhi oleh karakter yang dibangun dari sejak memulai pendidikan atau bisa ditumbuhkembagkan bahkan pada saat perkuliahan. Keseuaian antara mahasiswa dan dosen akan membantu juga dalam pengembangan pendidikan karakter.
NOÉMIA DE SOUSA E CONCEIÇÃO LIMA: VOZES FEMININAS QUE LUTAM PELA LIBERDADE E RECONSTRUÇÃO DE SEUS PAÍSES
Authors: Almeida Marinei 
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho propõe apresentar uma leitura de alguns poemas da poeta moçambicana. Noémia de Sousa do livro Sangue Negro (2001). Também serão analisados alguns poemas do livro A dolorosa raiz do micondó (2006), da poeta são-tomense Conceição Lima na perspectiva de averiguar, eventuais semelhanças e divergência no processo de construção estética e temática das citadas poetas africanas. Pretende-se analisar os pontos em que a história dos países de origem dos sujeitos - poéticos influenciaram nas temáticas individuais e/ou coletiva do corpus selecionado referente a reconfiguração da memória.
Too Immature to Vote?
Authors: Peto Tommy 
Published: August 2020

Too Immature to Vote?
This article argues in favour of lowering the voting age to 16. First, it outlines a respect-based account of democracy where the right to vote is grounded in a respect for citizens’ autonomous capacities. It then outlines a normative account of autonomy, modelled on Rawls’s two moral powers, saying what criteria must be met for an individual to possess a (pro tanto) moral right to vote. Second, it engages with empirical psychology to show that by the age of 16 (if not earlier) individuals have developed all of the cognitive components of autonomy. Therefore, since 16- and 17-year-olds (and quite probably those a little younger) possess the natural features required for autonomy, then, to the extent that respect for autonomy requires granting political rights including the right to vote – and barring some special circumstances that apply only to them – 16- and 17-year-olds should be granted the right to vote.
Propuesta de valores normativos para la clasificación de variables antropométricas en futbolistas profesionales
Authors: Cossio-Bolaños M.A. , de Arruda M. , Núñez V. , Fama D.R. , Lancho J.L. 
Published: August 2020

El objetivo del presente estudio es proponer una clasificación para identificar el % graso ideal a partir de variables antropométricas en futbolistas profesionales. Para lo cual, fueron utilizados 132 futbolistas profesionales a los que se les evaluó la Masa corporal (kg), Estatura (cm) y pliegues cutáneos (mm). Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la estadística descriptiva de media aritmética (X), desviación estándar (DE), coeficiente de variación (CV) y para clasificar las variables antropométricas se utilizó los percentiles. Los resultados muestran que los valores ideales de % graso de los futbolistas oscila entre 9,0 a 12,6%, (p25 a p75), respectivamente. Finalmente, los parámetros adoptados como puntos de corte podrían ser utilizados como posibles indicadores para diagnosticar futbolistas con riesgo de lesión (p<10), delgadez (p10-p25), ideal (p25-p75) y sobrepeso (>p75), a partir del % graso, masa corporal, e inclusive por la sumatoria de cuatro y seis pliegues cutáneos.
The aim of this study is to propose a classification to identify the ideal % fat from anthropometric variables in professional soccer players. To which, using 132 players were professionals who were assessed for body mass (kg) Height (cm) and skinfolds (mm). For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics were used for arithmetic mean (X), standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV) and to classify the variables used anthropometric percentiles. The results show that the ideal values of % fat of the players ranges from 9.0 to 12.6% (p25 to p75), respectively. Finally, the parameters adopted as cutoff points could be used as indicators to diagnose potential players at risk of injury (p <10), thinness (p10-p25), ideal (p25-p75) and overweight (> p75) from the % fat, body mass, and even by the sum of four and six skinfolds.
Effect of hamstring injuries on kicking in soccer using inverse dynamics
Authors: Navandar A. , Gulino M. , Antonio R. , Navarro E. 
Published: August 2020

The hamstring strain is one of the most common injuries in soccer. The aim of the study was to describe a new procedure to evaluate the effect of hamstring injuries in kicking in soccer using the principles of inverse dynamics and to compare the results with an isokinetic test. The study focused on evaluating the difference between subjects having a history of hamstring injuries in the last 5 years and those that did not. Seventeen male professional soccer players performed five instep and side- foot kicks which were analysed using a force platform and a Vicon motion-capture system operating at 500Hz. The participants also took part in an isokinetic torque measurement at 60 °/s and 120 °/s. Kinematic variables, ground reaction forces and kinetic variables were compared across the two groups. Significant differences were observed between the previously injured and uninjured group in the time taken for the follow through in the instep kick, and the maximum hip flexion moment in the instep and side-foot kicks. No significant differences were found between the two groups in the traditional isokinetic test. These results indicate that the procedure employed could probably be very useful in the assessment of the effect of hamstring injuries in soccer.
Las lesiones musculares del muslo tienen una gran incidencia en el fútbol. El objetivo del estudio
ha sido desarrollar un nuevo procedimiento para evaluar el efecto de las lesiones de isquiotibiales
en los golpeos con el pie s en el fútbol utilizando los principios de la dinámica inversa. El trabajo se
ha centrado en la evaluación de la diferencia entre sujetos que habían sufrido la lesión en los últimos
5 años y los que no. Se analizaron 17 jugadores de fútbol profesionales realizando cinco tiros con el
empeine y cinco con el interior del pie. Los movimientos se registraron mediante una plataforma de
fuerza y un sistema de captura de movimiento Vicon funcionando a 500Hz. Los participantes también
tomaron parte en una prueba de isocinético en la que se midió el torque isocinético en 60 º/s y 120
º/s. Se observaron diferencias significativas en los parámetros cinemáticos y cinéticos entre los dos
grupos (lesionados y no lesionados) en la fase posterior del golpeo y en el instante de máxima flexión
de cadera. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos en la prueba isocinética
tradicional. Estos resultados indican que el procedimiento empleado probablemente podría ser muy
útil en la evaluación del efecto de las lesiones de isquiotibiales en el fútbol.
In vitro Callogenesis and Organogenesis from Carolina Reaper (Syn. Capsicum Chinense Jacq.) and Chromosomal Analysis
Authors: Gomes Bruno Henrique , Oliveira Fabrícia de Matos , Nogueira Ana Paula Oliveira , Júnior Robson Jose de Oliveira 
Published: August 2020

Aims: The aim of this paper is to develop an in vitro organogenesis and callogenesis protocol for Carolina Reaper pepper, and to determine the karyotype and nucleoli of this cultivar.
Methodology: The MS medium with supplemented with indole-3-butyric (0, 1, 2 and 4 mg L-1) and kinetin (0, 1, 2 and 4 mg L-1) was used. The leaves and nodal segments of Carolina reaper was utilized for the callogenesis and organogenesis induction. The responses to growth regulators were evaluated 30 days of cultivation. The meristematic tissue was pre-treated with 0.05% (w/v) of colchicine for six hours at 18°C. The samples were fixed in Carnoy for 12 hours. Chromosomal observations were made with binocular optical microscope (Leica DM 750) and the cells in good condition for counting the chromosomes and karyotype assembly were photographed. Results were presented as mean ± standard deviation and were compared by the two-way Analysis of Variance. The means were separated according to Tukey test (P = 0.05).
Results: Calli were induced from both leaf and stem segments when indole-3-butyric 0 mg L-1 + kinetin 1 mg L-1 were used. Development of shoots in leaf and stem segment were obtained when indole-3-butyric 2 mg L-1 + kinetin 4 mg L-1 were used, and roots regenerated with indole-3-butyric 4 mg L-1 + kinetin 1 mg L-1. It was found two nucleoli in every cell interphase, suggesting that two nucleolar organizer regions are expressing their ribosomal genes. Karyotype analysis indicated a chromosome number of 2n = 24, which is correlation with other Capsicum genus varieties. It was observed 1 or 2 nucleoli per nucleus of both types, homomorphic and heteromorphic. The results can help in programs of breeding and conservation of this cultivar and other species of pepper.
Conclusion: Using the concentrations of growth hormones indicated in the present report, it could be possible to regenerate leaves and nodal segments in vitro clones from the original genotype. We have also described the chromosome number and nucleolus number of Carolina reaper, generating a data that could help in programs of breeding, as in the generation of polyploid plants and conservation species of pepper.
Therapeutic Effects of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Phyllanthus amarus on 1, 2 Dimethylhydrazine Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Balb/C Mice
Authors: Omoregie F. O. , Eriyamremu G. E. , Kapur Suman 
Published: August 2020

Context: Phyllanthus amarus is traditionally used for various infections, inflammation and cancer. 1,2 Dimethylhydrazine is a potent colon cancer inducer in animals.
Objective: The present study investigated the effects of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Phyllanthus amarus on 1, 2 Dimethylhydrazine induced colon cancer in BALB/c Mice.
Materials and Methods: 30 female Balb/C Mice of weight 18-30 g were acclimatized for a week and randomized into 6 groups (5 per group). Group A (-DMH), Group B (+DMH), Group C (DMH+250 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic extract of P. amarus), Group D (DMH+350 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic of P. amarus), Group E (DMH + 250 mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of P. amarus), Group F (DMH+ 350 mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of P. amarus). 20 mg/kg body weight of DMH was administered orally for 21 days (twice a week). The plant extracts were administered daily for 3 weeks with the aid of a gavage immediately after colon cancer induction. Colon cancer was evaluated by the formation of Aberrant Cryptic Foci in the colon of DMH treated mice.
Results: Administration of the plant extracts (aqueous and ethanolic) ameliorated the carcinogenic effect of DMH in the colon of DMH treated mice in a dose dependent manner by significantly reducing the number of Aberrant Cryptic Foci formed in extract treated mice by 38% for 350 mg/kg body of ethanolic extract and by 22% for 350 mg/kg body of aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus.
Conclusion: The studied extracts had ameliorative potential on DMH induced colon cancer in Balb/C mice in a dose dependent manner providing evidence for the traditional use of this herb for treatment/prevention of cancer. Notably, 350 mg/kg body of both extracts showed better reduction of Aberrant Cryptic Foci compared to 250 mg/kg body of both ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Phyllanthus amarus.
Agronomic Performances and Nutritional Assessment of Three Sweet Potato Varieties (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam.) Introduced in an Agro-ecological Zone of Groundnut Basin in Senegal
Authors: Sylla Papa Mamadou Dit Doudou , Ndoye Fatou , Badiane Abdou , Mbaye Mame Samba , Tall Laure , Cisse Ndeye Sokhna , Diouf Adama , Mergeai Guy , Dossou Nicole , Donnen Philippe , Wade Salimata , Noba Kandioura 
Published: August 2020

Aims: To evaluate the agronomic and nutritional performances of three varieties of sweet potato (Kandee, Caromex and Gandiol1) cultivated for the first time in the agro-ecological zone of the groundnut basin in Senegal.
Study Design: The experiment was arranged in Randomized Completely Block Design.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted during two growing seasons from April to August 2017 and from October 2018 to February 2019 in Sagna village (Kaffrine, Senegal).
Methodology: The planting of the cuttings was done with a density of 0.3 x 1 m or 3333.3 cuttings ha-1. Drip irrigation was used and mineral fertilization with 15-15-15 was applied. In each elementary plot, 5 plants were checked monthly for growth and phytosanitary monitoring. The harvest took place at 145 days after planting. The yields and agro-morphological characteristics of the roots were determined as well as their nutritional value and the incidence of bio-aggressor attacks.
Results: The success percentage of cuttings was 90.1, 90.5 and 88% for Kandee, Caromex and Gandiol1, respectively. The length development of sweet potato stems was variable between the 3 varieties. The Gandiol1 variety with stems longer than 1.6 m was very spread out contrary to Caromex whose average stem length did not exceed 0.5 m. The marketable tuber yields obtained were comparable between the varieties and were 21.5, 22.5 and 13.4 t ha-1 respectively for Kandee, Caromex and Gandiol1. The morphology of the tubers was different in shape (diameter and length) but also in flesh color. Kandee had orange flesh, rich in carotenoids (101.1 mg/kg; P<0.001), Caromex a cream color with carotenes of 43.2 mg kg-1 and Gandiol1 a white flesh. Caromex had the best proportion of dry matter (40.6%; P<0.001) compared to the other varieties. This amount of dry matter was correlated with the marketable root yield (r=0.54; P=0.04) and the carbohydrates amount (r = 0.52; P=0.05). Bio-aggressor incidence on tubers was lower for the Kandee variety (10.3%; P=0.01).
Conclusion: Sweet potato varieties performed well in the agro-ecological conditions of the groundnut basin and showed comparable agronomic performance. The three varieties can be discriminated on the level of their nutritional quality, particularly on their β-carotene content.
Methods of Nitriles Synthesis from Amines through Oxidative Dehydrogenation
Authors: Patil Rajendra D. , Gupta Maneesh Kumar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn recent years, oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of amines has proven to be an efficient, clean and fundamental route for the synthesis of nitriles. This review focuses on the different types of reactions for the oxidation of amines to nitriles such as transition metal‐catalysis, photoactivation, acceptorless dehydrogenation, nitroxyl radical‐mediated, and N,O‐doped mesoporous carbon. Emphasis is placed on the ODH of amines to the corresponding nitriles using ruthenium catalysts. Metal free systems utilizing iodine, TEMPO and its derivatives, TCCA with or without additives are also discussed. The ODH of amines using N,O‐doped mesoporous carbon is elaborated. Attention is also given to major improvements, achievements, and challenges that still remain in the field of nitrile synthesis from amines.magnified image
Fluorination and Fluoroalkylation Reactions Mediated by Hypervalent Iodine Reagents
Authors: Han Zhou‐Zhou , Zhang Cheng‐Pan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis review summarizes the progress in the fluorination and fluoroalkylation of electron‐rich systems with diverse fluorine (F) and fluoroalkyl (Rfn) reagents employing hypervalent iodine compounds as initiators in the last few decades. Because of the strong electrophilicity, high oxidizing properties, low toxicity, air and moisture stability, ready availability, ease of handling, and mild reaction conditions, the hypervalent iodine reagents have been widely utilized in modern organic chemistry. In particular, the use of hypervalent iodine reagents to initiate the C−F and C−Rfn (Rfn=CF2H, CF3, perfluoroalkyl, OCH2CF3, SCF3, SeCF3 and etc) bond formation has been increasingly developed. In these reactions, hypervalent iodine compounds behave as powerful oxidants or electrophiles and activate the fluorination/fluoroalkylation reagents, the transition‐metal catalysts, or the substrates to in situ form electrophilic or radical intermediates, which subsequently participate in fluorination, difluoromethylation, trifluoromethylation, perfluoroalkylation, trifluoroethoxylation, fluoroalkylthiolation, trifluoromethylselenolation and others under mild conditions. Although great achievements have been made in this area, they are just the initial phase and still require a wide scope for improvement. It is anticipated that this review will draw much attention from the organic chemistry community and inspire more contributions in the development of new hypervalent‐iodine‐mediated fluorination and fluoroalkylation reactions.magnified image
An Approach to α‐ and β‐Amino Peroxides via Lewis Acid Catalyzed Ring Opening‐Peroxidation of Donor‐Acceptor Aziridines andN‐Activated Aziridines
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Kumar Pramod , Jagadeesh Chenna , Patel Manveer , Das Dinabandhu , Saha Jaideep 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSite‐selective ring‐opening process of two different aziridine classes with hydroperoxide is described herein that provides access to various α‐ and β‐amino and α‐(imino)‐peroxy compounds. This strain‐release‐driven peroxide addition to aziridines represents an alternative approach for entries to biologically significant heteroatom substituted organic peroxides and complements existing methods in the field. The peroxide products obtained by this method displayed a different reactivity during peroxide‐specific rearrangement processes promoted by either acid or base. Mechanistic studies and useful synthetic elaboration of the products have also been presented.magnified image
Corn and hardwood biochars affected soil microbial community and enzyme activities
Authors: Pérez‐Guzmán Lumarie , Lower Brian H. , Dick Richard P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBiochar has gained interest as a soil amendment to improve soil quality and as means to help mitigate climate change. With the recent focus given to the soil as a living system and the essential functions it provides, knowledge of different effects of biochar on the microbial community is critical. A laboratory incubation (120 d) study was conducted on a Bennington silt loam (fine, illitic, mesic Aeric Epiaqualf) amended with corn (Zea maysL.) and hardwood biochars produced under slow pyrolysis. Biochars were analyzed for their chemical and physical properties and were added to the soil on a C content basis without exceeding 2.5% w/w. Microbial community abundance and composition were evaluated by phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) analysis, and potential enzyme activities by β‐glucosidase, and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis. There were no significant differences in the abundance of saprophytic fungi or bacteria in samples incubated with biochars when compared to the control. However, soils incubated with corn biochar had significantly (P < .05) higher abundance of Actinobacteria markers than hardwood biochar. The FDA hydrolysis did not show significant differences between soils incubated with biochar when compared with the control. Conversely, the β‐glucosidase activity was significantly higher (P < .05) in soils incubated with either biochar than in control. Since biochar can influence changes in microbial community composition and enzyme activity it may influence cellulose degradation and soil organic matter dynamics in the agricultural soil evaluated.
Autoimmune enteropathy in adults
Authors: Shihaz Ambalathu Veettil Hussain , Paul Jayanta 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAutoimmune enteropathy (AIE) is one of the differential diagnoses of chronic intractable diarrhea, malnutrition, and weight loss. This mixed‐type diarrhea with protein‐losing enteropathy usually involves the small intestine but gastric and colonic involvements are not rare. Small intestinal biopsy is characterized by villous atrophy of variable severity, crypt hyperplasia, and infiltration of mononuclear cell. It is usually diagnosed by presence of clinical features, circulating auto antibodies against enterocytes, presence of histological characters and executions of other causes of villous atrophy. Majority of AIE patients respond to corticosteroid therapy but patients who are not responding to steroid, treated by immunomodulators. We are trying to give an overall idea on AIE in this review article.