bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rare winter‐thunderstorms with hail overnight 12/13 December 2019 over Delhi and its vicinity: an observational study
Authors: Saha Upal , Prasad V. S. , Rani S. Indira , George John P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA rare overnight thunderstorm with hail on 12/13 December 2019 over Delhi was driven by a Westerly Disturbance (WD) and analysed with the aid of multi‐platform observations. The Doppler weather radar (DWR) detected high reflectivity values (>50dBZ), indicating hail within towering convective clouds. In‐situ measurements showed intense rainfall (totalling ~134mm), accompanied by strong wind gusts and a rapid pressure drop. Satellite data revealed widespread cold cloud tops (<−50°C) associated with the deep convection, while radiosonde profiles indicated atmospheric instability and veering winds during its passage. Lightning observations confirmed energetic convective updrafts. The event highlights the impact of WDs in triggering severe and rare winter convective storms over northern India.
Riemannian Spin Manifolds
Authors: van Suijlekom Walter D. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe now extend our treatment of noncommutative geometric spaces from the finite case to the continuum. This generalizes spin manifolds to the noncommutative world. The resulting spectral triples (Chapter 5) form the key technical device in noncommutative geometry, and in the physical applications of Part 2 of this book in particular.
WTO Law’s Constraints on National Regulation
Authors: Zhao Xinyan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUnder the current WTO framework, the sustainability of international trade hinges on the domestic regulation of WTO members. While WTO law acknowledges members’ sovereign right to regulate, its effectiveness in supporting the implementation of these regulatory measures is debatable. Does the sovereign right imply that WTO members can effectively enact and enforce their national laws and regulations related to sustainable development? This Chapter will address this question. It begins by reviewing the evolution of regulatory autonomy within international trade. Then, it explains the concept of regulatory autonomy in WTO law and presents various scholarly perspectives on the topic. Notably, it focuses on the theory of embedded liberalism, which scholars have widely used in recent years to argue that WTO rules effectively guarantee the regulatory autonomy of members. Exploring this theory will inform my observations on the extent of WTO members’ regulatory autonomy under current WTO rules. Finally, this Chapter systematically analyses the impact of the objective assessment standards of review and analytical frameworks under the WTO Agreements on the domestic regulatory autonomy of WTO members.
The effect of Door-to-Door on separate collection of plastic packaging: evidence from Catalonia
Authors: Bel Germà , Bühler Joël 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this article, we estimate the causal effect of the Door-to-Door waste collection policy on the collection of plastic waste in Catalonia. We use municipality-level data on the share of separately collected light packaging and apply a Difference-in-Differences framework. We find that Door-to-Door increased the share of separated light packaging by 80% compared to untreated units at the end of the sample period. Furthermore, our evidence indicates that there are no differences of Door-to-Door designs with source-separation of light packaging from other recyclable waste components compared to those where light packaging waste is collected with other materials and separated post-source. These findings highlight that Door-to-Door can be a highly effective measure to increase separate collection of light packaging, a precondition for ambitious plastics recycling goals legislated by policy makers.
A Qualitative Study Exploring the Sexual Experiences of Women with Disabilities in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Bolarinwa Obasanjo Afolabi , Odimegwu Clifford , Babalola Blessing Iretioluwa , Mohammed Aliu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs of 2021, 1.3 billion people globally live with disabilities, with 80% in low-and-middle-income countries and 12.8% in Africa. Women with disabilities often face gender-based discrimination and limited sexual autonomy, impacting their sexual health. Despite global progress, there is limited research on the sexuality of women with disabilities in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Nigeria. This study explores the sexual experiences of women with disabilities in Lagos, Nigeria. Using a qualitative approach, 24 women with disabilities, including blindness and mobility impairments, were interviewed to understand their experiences with sexual activity, autonomy, contraceptive use, risky behaviors, and sexual violence. The participants demographic shows that 67% of participants had physical disabilities, while 33% had visual impairments, with ages ranging from 20 to 45 and varying education and employment levels. Themes were generated around the experience of women with disabilities in sexual activities, modern contraceptive use, sexual autonomy, risky sexual behavior and sexual violence. Many participants did not see their disabilities as hindering sexual activity but faced challenges in relationships due to physical limitations and societal stigma. The study found mixed experiences with modern contraceptives, hindered by misconceptions and accessibility issues, and some women reported experiencing sexual violence and inadequate access to reproductive health resources and support. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions, including improved access to contraceptives, public education to reduce stigma, and enhanced legal protections to support the sexual and reproductive health of women with disabilities in Lagos.
Enhancing reliability with MIMO aided dual iterations for mobile video transmission system
Authors: Ahmed Ishtiaque , Ahmad Gulzar , Minallah Nasru , Frnda Jaroslav , Khalil Amaad , Jan Tariqullah , Khan Hameed Ullah 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFuturistic requirements of mobile communication systems ask for discovering new possibilities and dimensions to enable ultrafast and reliable communication. This work relates to the advancements in jointly decoded iterative multimedia communication systems for the H.264 source standard. The beneficial technique of Over-Complete Mapping (OCM) is utilized for introducing redundancy in the highly compressed source encoded video streams. Differential Space–Time Spreading (DSTS) is invoked along with Rate-3/4 Recursive Systematic Convolutional (RSC) as intermediate encoder in the proposed three-stage setup. More specifically, the RSC encoder is beneficial in attaining the iterative gain as it divides the decoder into two parts. The DSTS is invoked with the Sphere Packing (SP) modulation which is highly desirable for the non-coherent detection schemes without requiring any information from the channel. The proposed system comprises of three main components, namely OCM, Rate-3/4 RSC and SP modules, thus we call this as three-stage system. The iterative decoding enhances the Bit-Error Rate (BER) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) performances of the joint source-channel systems. Furthermore, to expeditiously predict the convergence pattern of the proposed three-stage iteratively decoded systems, EXtrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) chart analysis is performed. Moreover, the effect of variations in the minimum Hamming distance ($${d}_{H,min}$$

d

H
,
m
i
n

) is observed for the proposed three-stage system. The $${{DSTS}-{SP}-{RSC}-{OCM}}_{[5 15]}$$

DSTS

-

SP

-

RSC

-

OCM

[
515
]

having $${d}_{H,min}=6$$

d

H
,
m
i
n

=
6

exhibits a gain of 20 dB against the benchmarker $${{DSTS}-{SP}-{RSC}-{OCM}}_{[2 6]}^{*}$$

DSTS

-

SP

-

RSC

-

OCM

[
26
]

∗

with $${d}_{H,min}=1$$

d

H
,
m
i
n

=
1

at the PSNR degradation point of 1 dB over a correlated Rayleigh fading channel.
Enhanced Fault Classification in Bearings: A Multi-Domain Feature Extraction Approach with LSTM-Attention and LASSO
Authors: Hatipoğlu Ayşenur , Süpürtülü Meltem , Yılmaz Ersen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn various engineering fields, bearings are crucial for the operation of rotating machinery. Therefore, the early and precise detection of bearing failures is essential to prevent mechanical issues and maintain optimal machinery performance. This study proposes a fault classification framework based on multi-domain feature extraction, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method, long-short term memory, and the self-attention mechanism. Fifteen time-domain, five frequency-domain, and four chaotic-domain features are extracted from the raw data. To validate the model's accuracy and stability, datasets from the Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), a newly published dataset, and Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) were utilized. Experimental validation using open-source bearing datasets demonstrates that the proposed framework can be effectively deployed, highlighting its potential as a fundamental pillar in the field of intelligent manufacturing. The findings show that our model achieves an F1-score of 99.903% for the test set with nine selected features across 24, encompassing all five bearing categories within the HUST dataset. Furthermore, its application to the CWRU dataset yielded comparable metrics, reaching a 98.742% F1-score with eight selected features among 24 features. The objective is to achieve successful prediction outcomes with a reduced number of parameters and to emphasize the significance of incorporating chaotic features into the process for data sets characterized by chaotic processes.
Precision-Engineered Construction of Proton-Conducting Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Zhu Liyu , Yang Hongbin , Xu Ting , Shen Feng , Si Chuanling 
Published: December 2024

AbstractProton-conducting materials have attracted considerable interest because of their extensive application in energy storage and conversion devices. Among them, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) present tremendous development potential and possibilities for constructing novel advanced proton conductors due to their special advantages in crystallinity, designability, and porosity. In particular, several special design strategies for the structure of MOFs have opened new doors for the advancement of MOF proton conductors, such as charged network construction, ligand functionalization, metal-center manipulation, defective engineering, guest molecule incorporation, and pore-space manipulation. With the implementation of these strategies, proton-conducting MOFs have developed significantly and profoundly within the last decade. Therefore, in this review, we critically discuss and analyze the fundamental principles, design strategies, and implementation methods targeted at improving the proton conductivity of MOFs through representative examples. Besides, the structural features, the proton conduction mechanism and the behavior of MOFs are discussed thoroughly and meticulously. Future endeavors are also proposed to address the challenges of proton-conducting MOFs in practical research. We sincerely expect that this review will bring guidance and inspiration for the design of proton-conducting MOFs and further motivate the research enthusiasm for novel proton-conducting materials.
From birth control to pronatalism: Population policy and women’s reproductive rights in China since the 1980s
Authors: Cai Yiping , Liu Bohong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
China began to implement a draconian population policy in the early 1980s. This policy has experienced many adjustments, as well as amendments, since then, and even a policy overturn since the 2010s from birth control to natalism. This study examines Chinese women’s reproductive rights in the trajectory of China’s population policy in the last four decades. It applies the analytical framework made up of the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the International Conference on Population and Development Program of Action, and the Beijing Platform for Action of the Fourth World Conference on Women to critically review the impact of the relevant Chinese laws and policies on women’s reproductive rights, including the Chinese Constitution, the Law on Population and Family Planning, and the Law on the Protection of Women’s Rights and Interests, and their amendments. It reveals that these policy shifts are the result of the assemblages of the longstanding proactive policy interventions by diverse subjects and actors, including policy makers/party state, demographers, technocracies, international development agencies and donors, sexuality education advocates, and local and transnational feminists. The women’s bodies, and their critical roles both in production and reproduction, have always been, and continue to be, at the centre of political debates and the main sites of negotiation, contestation, and intervention, globally and locally.
Class-specific feature selection for enhancing explainability in ensemble classification models
Authors: Aguilar-Ruiz Jesús S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFeature selection techniques aim at finding a relevant subset of features that perform equally or better than the original set of features at explaining the behavior of data. Typically, features are extracted from feature ranking or subset selection techniques, and the performance is measured by classification or regression tasks. However, while selected features may not have equal importance for the task, they do have equal importance for each class. The fundamental idea of the class-specific concept resides in the understanding that the significance of each feature can vary from one class to another. This contrasts with the traditional class-independent approach, which evaluates the importance of attributes collectively for all classes. For example, in tumor prediction scenarios, each type of tumor (class) may be associated with a distinct subset of relevant features. These features possess significant discriminatory power, enabling the differentiation of one tumor type from others (classes). This class-specific perspective offers a more effective approach to classification tasks by recognizing and leveraging the unique characteristics of each class. A novel deep one-versus-each strategy is introduced, which offers advantages from the point of view of explainability (feature selection) and decomposability (classification). In addition, the class-specific relevance matrix is presented, from which some more sophisticated classification schemes can be derived, such as the three-layer class-specific scheme. These schemes have the great advantage to combine independent classification units (e.g., neural networks) that use a reduced number of features to target each class. The potential for further advancements in this area is wide and will open new horizons for exploring novel research directions in interdisciplinary fields, particularly in complex, multiclass hyperdimensional contexts (e.g., in genomics).
Energy Storage Configuration and Benefit Evaluation Method for New Energy Power Plants Based on Game Theory
Authors: Zhou Shucan , Wu Weijie , Sun Yujun , Zhang Yining , Li Yixin , Zheng Xin , Su Xiangyang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn the context of increasing renewable energy penetration, energy storage configuration plays a critical role in mitigating output volatility, enhancing absorption rates, and ensuring the stable operation of power systems. This paper proposes a benefit evaluation method for self-built, leased, and shared energy storage modes in renewable energy power plants. First, energy storage configuration models for each mode are developed, and the actual benefits are calculated from technical, economic, environmental, and social perspectives. Then, the CRITIC method is applied to determine the weights of benefit indicators, and the TOPSIS method is used to rank the overall benefits of each mode. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method and compare the benefits of the three modes, showing that the leased mode provides the highest overall benefit. This study provides a quantitative reference for the rational selection of energy storage modes in renewable energy projects.
Risk-Based Quality Management: A Case for Centralized Monitoring
Authors: Stansbury Nicole , Branco Danilo , McDavid Cris , Stewart Jennifer , Surdam Kristin , Olson Nycole , Perry Joanne , Liska Jeremy , Phillips Linda , Coogan Amanda , Adelfio Anina , Garson Lauren 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSince 2019, the Association of Clinical Research Organizations has conducted a landscape survey of risk based quality management (RBQM) adoption in clinical trials. Here, we present data from four years of surveys, with an emphasis on the most recent: the 2022 survey included data from 4958 trials across seven contract research organizations, of which 1004 were new studies started in 2022. Results indicate that while overall risk assessment adoption is strong, it is lagging in other risk-based components which suggests companies are not deriving the full expected benefits of performing a risk assessment and mitigation process to their trials. The 2022 study also suggests new study starts showing promising traction, with adoption hovering near 50% for most RBQM elements. At the same time, the survey suggests industry has mixed views on the potential value of quality tolerance limits (QTLs). Ultimately, centralized monitoring is being underutilized despite the potential of increased patient safety oversight and improved data quality. The authors of this paper developed a case study based on a trial in clinicaltrials.gov to demonstrate how RBQM adoption could include the key RBQM elements such as centralized monitoring, reduced source data review and source data verification as well as implementation of QTLs in a real-world scenario. The authors believe the clinical trial industry has an obligation to utilize centralized monitoring to produce more efficient and effective clinical trials and will make a case to do so in this paper.
Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Spirulina maxima extract and their bactericidal activity
Authors: Hanisha R. , Balaganapathy M. , Eswar B. , Kathirvelan P. , Rajabathar Jothi Ramalingam , Siddiqui Nadeem , Dinakarkumar Yuvaraj 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study reports a biogenic synthesis protocol for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilizing Spirulina maxima extract as a natural reducing agent, offering an economically viable and environmentally sustainable approach. The biosynthesis pathway eliminates conventional chemical reagents while maximizing process sustainability. Comprehensive characterization of the synthesized nanostructures was performed using UV-spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. FTIR spectroscopic studies revealed the role of proteinaceous compounds and biomolecules in AgNP formation and stabilization. The biosynthesized AgNPs demonstrated notable antimicrobial efficacy against two pathogenic bacteria: Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus, producing inhibition zones of 3.2 and 2.5 mm, respectively. This investigation establishes Spirulina maxima-mediated synthesis as an efficient and cost-effective route for producing antimicrobial silver nanostructures, advancing sustainable nanomaterial production methodologies.
Graphical Abstract
The “Case” for Independent Courts: The Insurance Theory of Judicialization in Autocracies
Authors: Davis Taraleigh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Why would authoritarian rulers allow for an independent judiciary that could constrain their power? This study extends the insurance theory of judicial independence to autocratic contexts, arguing that when leaders perceive a higher risk of losing office, they become more likely to tolerate or create independent courts as a safeguard against potential post-exit reprisals. Using a novel two-stage analytical approach, I construct a hazard rate for each country year from the Geddes et al. (2014) autocratic regime dataset, based on factors directly observable to autocratic leaders. This hazard rate serves as a proxy for perceived risk of losing power. My findings provide robust evidence that higher perceived risk is significantly associated with greater judicial independence in autocratic regimes, even when controlling for economic development, regime longevity, and court age. This research offers crucial insights into autocratic governance, demonstrating that promoting judicial independence can be a calculated strategy for regime survival rather than merely a democratic concession.
Chia seed supplementation and inflammatory biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pam Pedram , Asemani Sanaz , Azizi Mohammad Hesam , Jamilian Parmida 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Chia seeds have gained attention for their potential anti-inflammatory properties, which may be attributed to their high content of omega-3 fatty acids, dietary fibre, and antioxidants. This study aims to provide an overview of the current understanding regarding the effects of chia seeds on inflammatory markers, specifically C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar up to June 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of chia seed on CRP or/and IL-6 or/and TNF-α. Data were extracted and analysed using a random-effects model, and reported as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed. Four RCTs involving 210 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that chia consumption significantly decreased CRP (WMD: –0.64 mg/dl; 95% CI: –1.24, –0.04; P = 0.03). But it had no significant effect on IL-6 (WMD: 0.29 pg/dl; 95% CI: –0.40, 0.98; P = 0.41), and TNF-α (WMD: 0.05%; 95% CI: –0.21 to 0.30; P = 0.72). Chia consumption can significantly decrease CRP, but no significant effect was observed on IL-6 and TNF-α. To prove our findings, more studies with a larger sample size are needed.
On the collisional sensitivity of polarised Mg II solar lines
Authors: Derouich M. , Qutub S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Neutral and singly ionised states of the magnesium (Mg) are the origin of several spectral lines that are useful for solar diagnostic purposes. An important element in modelling such solar lines is collisional data of the Mg with different perturbers abundant in the Sun, specially with neutral hydrogen. This work aims at providing complete depolarisation and polarisation and population transfer data for Mg II due to collisions with hydrogen atoms. For this purpose, a general formalism is employed to calculate the needed rates of MgII due to collisions with hydrogen atoms. The resulting collisional rates are then employed to investigate the impact of collisions on the polarisation of 25 Mg II lines relevant to solar applications by solving the governing statistical equilibrium equations within multi-level and multi-term atomic models. We find that the polarisation of some Mg II lines starts to be sensitive to collisions for hydrogen density

$n_H \!\gtrsim\!$

10

$^{14}$

cm

$^{-3}$

.