bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Twin Deficits: Evidence From Portugal, Italy, Spain and Greece
Authors: Panousis Konstantinos P. , Koukouritakis Minoas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSince the mid-2000s, internal and external imbalances have increased in many EU countries. This contributed to the debate over whether government budget deficits affect current account deficits, known as twin deficits hypothesis. It implies that public debt is actually a burden for future taxpayers and thus a dangerous way for budget financing. Therefore, the fiscal measures implemented by policymakers may also affect the current account. This article tests the twin deficits hypothesis for Portugal, Italy, Spain and Greece for the period 1999–2017. The empirical analysis presented in the article finds evidence that strongly supports this hypothesis only for Italy and Greece. For Portugal and Spain, however, the evidence is quite weak.
Die Bedeutung von Mieteinkommen und Immobilien für die Ungleichheit in Deutschland
Authors: Bartels Charlotte , Schröder Carsten 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungImmobilien haben an Bedeutung für die Einkommensungleichheit in Deutschland gewonnen. Der Anteil von Haushalten mit Einkommen aus Vermietung und Verpachtung hat zwischen 2002 und 2017 zugenommen. Mieteinkommen erklären einen wachsenden Anteil der Einkommensungleichheit in Deutschland. Veränderungen der Vermögensungleichheit werden hauptsächlich durch Kapitalgewinne aus Wohnungs- und Aktienkursen sowie durch unterschiedliche Sparquoten verursacht. Steigende Hauspreise verringern tendenziell die Vermögensungleichheit, während steigende Aktienpreise die Vermögensungleichheit vergrößern. In den 2010er Jahren hat der Anteil des Wohneigentums in den deutschen Bundesländern und über die verschiedenen Regionen hinweg zugenommen, insbesondere in städtischen Gebieten und größeren Kommunen. Somit profitierte ein steigender Anteil der deutschen Haushalte von steigenden Hauspreisen, und die Vermögensungleichheit hat sich zwischen 2002 und 2017 nicht wesentlich verändert. Wir dokumentieren erhebliche Unterschiede in Wohneigentum und -vermögen zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschland. Während in Westdeutschland 2017 etwa die Hälfte aller Haushalte in Immobilien investiert ist, liegt dieser Anteil in Ostdeutschland unter 40%. Im Jahr 2017 weisen die Haushalte in Bayern und Hamburg mit durchschnittlich mehr als 350.000 Euro das höchste Nettoimmobilienvermögen auf. In den ostdeutschen Bundesländern liegt das durchschnittliche Nettoimmobilienvermögen zwischen 100.000 und 150.000 Euro. Von 2012 bis 2017 ist das durchschnittliche Nettoimmobilienvermögen vor allem in großen Kommunen, Gemeinden und städtischen Regionen recht stark gestiegen. Das Betriebsvermögen erklärt mehr als die Hälfte der gesamten Nettovermögensungleichheit in Deutschland, gefolgt vom Nettoimmobilienvermögen.
Deindustrialisierung und Wahlverhalten
Authors: Schneider Lutz 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDer politische Erfolg der Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) bei der Bundestagswahl 2017 lässt sich auch mit negativen Auswirkungen einer schrumpfenden Beschäftigung im verarbeitenden Gewerbe erklären. Dieser politische Effekt einer schrumpfenden Beschäftigung ist in Regionen mit vitaler industrieller Tradition besonders stark. Die durchgeführte Regression bestätigt, dass Regionen, die in den 1930er Jahren durch einen hohen Anteil an Beschäftigten in der verarbeitenden Industrie gekennzeichnet waren und die heute einen starken Rückgang der industriellen Beschäftigung verzeichnen, deutlich höhere Wahlergebnisse für die AfD haben.
In-plane and out-of-plane seismic damage of masonry infills in existing r.c. structures: the case study of De Gasperi-Battaglia school in Norcia
Authors: Mazza Fabio , Donnici Angelo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA significant correlation between the in-plane (IP) and out-of-plane (OOP) damage propagation of masonry infills (MIs) is frequently observed after strong earthquakes, posing a serious problem as regards vulnerability of public buildings such as schools. The present work is aimed at identifying the effects of different IP and OOP modelling assumptions of MIs on their seismic damage. To this end, the state secondary school De Gasperi-Battaglia in Norcia (Italy), object of monitoring by the Department of Civil Protection since 2000, is investigated for the heterogeneity of infill typologies. The school is composed of a basement and three storeys above ground level, with a reinforced concrete (r.c.) framed structure having a long-shaped rectangular plan. Two typologies can be identified in terms of transverse layout of MIs: (i) double-leaf interior partitions, made of hollow clay bricks; (ii) double-leaf exterior infill walls, constituted by facade solid bricks paired with hollow clay bricks. In addition, partial height infills in the longitudinal direction, due to classroom windows, make the columns susceptible to short column effects. MIs are represented by a five-element macro-model predicting both in-plane (IP) and out-of-plane (OOP) behaviour through a horizontal nonlinear truss and four diagonal nonlinear beam elements, respectively. Stiffness and strength values in the OOP direction are also reduced considering the evolution of the IP damage. Three assumptions are investigated for the behaviour of structural MIs: i.e. elastic both IP and OOP; inelastic IP and elastic OOP; inelastic both IP and OOP. Bare and infilled test structures are subjected to biaxial spectrum-compatible accelerograms, to evaluate the IP and OOP damage levels and effectiveness of the OOP simplified verification proposed by seismic codes.
Searching for Preclinical Models of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: a Concise Narrative Overview and a Novel Swine Model
Authors: Olivari Davide , De Giorgio Daria , Staszewsky Lidia Irene , Fumagalli Francesca , Boccardo Antonio , Novelli Deborah , Manfredi Martina , Babini Giovanni , Luciani Anita , Ruggeri Laura , Magliocca Aurora , Zani Davide Danilo , Masson Serge , Belloli Angelo , Pravettoni Davide , Maiocchi Giuseppe , Latini Roberto , Ristagno Giuseppe 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Available animal models of acute heart failure (AHF) and their limitations are discussed herein. A novel and preclinically relevant porcine model of decompensated AHF (ADHF) is then presented.

Methods
Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced by occlusion of left anterior descending coronary artery in 17 male pigs (34 ± 4 kg). Two weeks later, ADHF was induced in the survived animals (n = 15) by occlusion of the circumflex coronary artery, associated with acute volume overload and increases in arterial blood pressure by vasoconstrictor infusion. After onset of ADHF, animals received 48-h iv infusion of either serelaxin (n = 9) or placebo (n = 6). The pathophysiology and progression of ADHF were described by combining evaluation of hemodynamics, echocardiography, bioimpedance, blood gasses, circulating biomarkers, and histology.

Results
During ADHF, animals showed reduced left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction < 30%, increased thoracic fluid content > 35%, pulmonary edema, and high pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ~ 30 mmHg (p < 0.01 vs. baseline). Other ADHF-induced alterations in hemodynamics, i.e., increased central venous and pulmonary arterial pressures; respiratory gas exchanges, i.e., respiratory acidosis with low arterial PO2 and high PCO2; and LV dysfunction, i.e., increased LV end-diastolic/systolic volumes, were observed (p < 0.01 vs. baseline). Representative increases in circulating cardiac biomarkers, i.e., troponin T, natriuretic peptide, and bio-adrenomedullin, occurred (p < 0.01 vs. baseline). Finally, elevated renal and liver biomarkers were observed 48 h after onset of ADHF. Mortality was ~ 50%. Serelaxin showed beneficial effects on congestion, but none on mortality.

Conclusion
This new model, resulting from a combination of chronic and acute MI, and volume and pressure overload, was able to reproduce all the typical clinical signs occurring during ADHF in a consistent and reproducible manner.
Differential regulation of extracellular matrix proteins in three recurrent liver metastases of a single patient with colorectal cancer
Authors: Voß Hannah , Wurlitzer Marcus , Smit Daniel J. , Ewald Florian , Alawi Malik , Spohn Michael , Indenbirken Daniela , Omidi Maryam , David Kerstin , Juhl Hartmut , Simon Ronald , Sauter Guido , Fischer Lutz , Izbicki Jakob R. , Molloy Mark P. , Nashan Björn , Schlüter Hartmut , Jücker Manfred 
Published: October 2020

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) patients suffer from the second highest mortality among all cancer entities. In half of all CRC patients, colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) can be observed. Metastatic colorectal cancer is associated with poor overall survival and limited treatment options. Even after successful surgical resection of the primary tumor, metachronous liver metastases occur in one out of eight cases. The only available curative intended treatment is hepatic resection, but metachronous CRLM frequently recur after approximately 1 year. In this study, we performed a proteome analysis of three recurrent liver metastases of a single CRC patient by mass spectrometry. Despite surgical resection of the primary CRC and adjuvant chemotherapy plus cetuximab treatment, the patient developed three metachronous CRLM which occurred consecutively after 9, 21 and 31 months. We identified a set of 1132 proteins expressed in the three metachronous CRLM, of which 481 were differentially regulated, including 81 proteins that were associated with the extracellular matrix (ECM). 56 ECM associated proteins were identified as upregulated in the third metastasis, 26 (46%) of which were previously described as negative prognostic markers in CRC, including tenascin C, nidogen 1, fibulin 1 and vitronectin. These data may reflect an ascending trend of malignancy from the first to the third metachronous colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Additionally, the results indicate different ECM phenotypes for recurrent metachronous metastasis, associated with different grades of malignancy and highlights the importance of individual analysis of molecular features in different, consecutive metastatic events in a single patient.
A Defense of Privacy as Control
Authors: Menges Leonhard 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEven though the idea that privacy is some kind of control is often presented as the standard view on privacy, there are powerful objections against it. The aim of this paper is to defend the control account of privacy against some particularly pressing challenges by proposing a new way to understand the relevant kind of control. The main thesis is that privacy should be analyzed in terms of source control, a notion that is adopted from discussions about moral responsibility.
JAK/STAT pathway and molecular mechanism in bone remodeling
Authors: Sanpaolo Eliana Rita , Rotondo Cinzia , Cici Daniela , Corrado Ada , Cantatore Francesco Paolo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractJAK/STAT signaling pathway is involved in many diseases, including autoimmune diseases, which are characterized by a close interconnection between immune and bone system. JAK/STAT pathway is involved in bone homeostasis and plays an important role in proliferation and differentiation of some cell types, including osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Different molecules, such as cytokines, hormones, and growth factors are responsible for the activation of the JAK/STAT pathway, which leads, at the nuclear level, to start DNA transcription of target genes. Bone cells and remodeling process are often influenced by many cytokines, which act as strong stimulators of bone formation and resorption. Our aim, through careful research in literature, has been to provide an overview of the role of the JAK/STAT pathway in bone remodeling and on bone cells, with a focus on cytokines involved in bone turnover through this signal cascade. The JAK/STAT pathway, through the signal cascade activation mediated by the interaction with many cytokines, acts on bone cells and appears to be involved in bone remodeling process. However, many other studies are needed to completely understand the molecular mechanism underlying these bone process.
L’écoute musicale et ses enjeux dans Conversations avec le maître de Cécile Wajsbrot
Authors: Schulte Nordholt Annelies 
Published: October 2020

AbstractConversations avec le maître, the first volume of a series called ‘Haute mer’, is a novel about the experience of listening to music. Through conversations between a composer and an anonymous young woman, it conveys crucial aspects of musical listening and of its verbal expression. This article examines the functioning of dialogue between the two characters; moreover, it studies the relationship between creation and reception, as expressed in the novel. It also examines what is at stake in this dialogue: the power of art in its relation to reality, to History. How may music become the echo of contemporary catastrophes? The article offers a close reading of the novel’s descriptions of listening to music: what literary techniques enable the author to put it into words?
A local scale flood vulnerability assessment in the flood-prone area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Nazeer Muhammad , Bork Hans-Rudolf 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe central part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, is a highly flood-prone area of the province. The lives and assets of local communities are deeply vulnerable, attributed to the recurrence of seasonal floods. This concern has motivated decision-makers and the research community to develop and adopt best management practices to address flood vulnerability issues. One of the commonly used methods for evaluating flood vulnerability is empirical investigation using composite indicators. However, there are several issues with the available flood vulnerability literature, using composite indicators in the study area. The objectives of the current study are therefore twofold. On the one hand, it demonstrated in a comprehensive step-by-step approach to develop flood vulnerability composite indicator taking into account the broad range of stakeholders and the reliability of research. On the other hand, the flood vulnerability profile of the selected communities is being developed. Households’ survey was conducted in the selected communities using random sampling. The composite indicators of flood vulnerability were developed as the relative measure of flood vulnerability across the selected communities. A robustness check was also carried out using convenient techniques to address the problem of uncertainty. For such a purpose, the composite indicators of flood vulnerability were developed through various data rescaling, weighting, and aggregation schemes. The relative levels of flood vulnerability are identified across the selected communities, and the findings are illustrated by colored matrices. Different factors were identified for being responsible for the relative vulnerability of various communities. Jurisdiction-wise assessment of flood vulnerability reveals that communities located in Charsadda district are more vulnerable to flooding compared to those in Nowshera district. The study can facilitate a wide range of stakeholders and decision-makers not only to develop composite indicators for flood vulnerability but also to scientifically justify it as a management tool for flood risk reduction.
Different Approaches to Address Bullying in KiVa Schools: Adherence to Guidelines, Strategies Implemented, and Outcomes Obtained
Authors: Johander Eerika , Turunen Tiina , Garandeau Claire F. , Salmivalli Christina 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe examined the extent to which school personnel implementing the KiVa® antibullying program in Finland during 2009–2015 systematically employed the program-recommended approaches (confronting or non-confronting), used one or the other depending on the bullying case (case-specific approach), or used their own adaptation when talking to perpetrators of bullying, and whether they organized follow-up meetings after such discussions. In addition to investigating adherence to program guidelines, we tested how effective these different approaches were in stopping bullying. Finally, we tested the contribution of follow-up meetings and the number of years KiVa had been implemented in a school to the effectiveness of the interventions, using reports from both school personnel and victimized students. The data were collected annually across 6 years via online questionnaires and included responses from 1221 primary and secondary schools. The school personnel were more likely to use the confronting approach than the non-confronting approach. Over time, rather than sticking to the two program-recommended approaches, they made adaptations (e.g., combining the two; using their own approach). Two-level regression analyses indicated that the discussions were equally effective, according to both personnel and victimized students, when the confronting, non-confronting, or a case-specific approach had been used. The discussions were less effective when the personnel used their own adaptation or could not specify the method used. Perceived effectiveness was higher in primary school and when follow-up meetings were organized systematically after each intervention, but unrelated to the number of years KiVa had been implemented.
Validity of the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire among the general population of Poland
Authors: Młyńczak Katarzyna , Golicki Dominik 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
We aim to compare the psychometric properties of the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire with the EQ-5D-3L version and EQ VAS, based on a survey conducted in a sample representing the general adult population of Poland.

Methods
The survey comprised health-related quality of life (HRQoL) questionnaires: EQ-5D-5L, EQ VAS, SF-12 and EQ-5D-3L, together with demographic and socio-economic characteristics items. The EQ-5D index values were estimated based on a directly measured value set for Poland. The following psychometric properties were analysed: feasibility, distribution of responses, redistribution from EQ-5D-3L to EQ-5D-5L, inconsistencies, ceiling effects, informativity power and construct validity. We proposed a novel approach to the construct validity assessment, based on the use of a machine learning technique known as the random forest algorithm.

Results
From March to June 2014, 3978 subjects (aged 18–87, 53.2% female) were surveyed. The EQ-5D-5L questionnaire had a lower ceiling effect compared to EQ-5D-3L (38.0% vs 46.6%). Redistribution from EQ-5D-3L to EQ-5D-5L was similar for each dimension, and the mean inconsistency did not exceed 5%. The results of known-groups validation confirmed the hypothesis concerning the relationship between the EQ-5D index values and age, sex and occurrence of diabetes.

Conclusions
The EQ-5D-5L, in comparison with its EQ-5D-3L equivalent, showed similar or better psychometric properties within the general population of a country. We assessed the construct validity of the questionnaire with a novel approach that was based on a machine learning technique known as the random forest algorithm.
A systematic review of health state utility values for thyroid cancer
Authors: Houten Rachel , Fleeman Nigel , Kotas Eleanor , Boland Angela , Lambe Tosin , Duarte Rui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Health state utility values are commonly used to inform economic evaluations and determine the cost-effectiveness of an intervention. The aim of this systematic review is to summarise the utility values available to represent the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with thyroid cancer.

Methods
Eight electronic databases were searched from January 1999 to April 2019 for studies which included assessment of HRQoL for patients with thyroid cancer. Utility estimates derived from multiple sources (EuroQol questionnaire 5-dimension (EQ-5D), time trade-off [TTO] and standard gamble [SG] methods) were extracted. In addition, utility estimates were generated by mapping from SF-36 and EORTC QLQ-30 to the EQ-5D-3L UK value set using published mapping algorithms.

Results
Searches identified 33 eligible studies. Twenty-six studies reported HRQoL for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and seven studies for patients with general thyroid cancer. We identified studies which used different methods and tools to quantify the HRQoL in patients with thyroid cancer, such as the EQ-5D-3L, SF-36, EORTC QLQ-30 and SG and TTO techniques to estimate utility values. Utility estimates range from 0.205 (patients with low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer) to utility values approximate to the average UK population (following successful thyroidectomy surgery and radioiodine treatment). Utility estimates for different health states, across thyroid cancer sub-types and interventions are presented.

Conclusion
A catalogue of utility values is provided for use when carrying out economic modelling of thyroid cancer; by including mapped values, this approach broadens the scope of health states that can be considered within cost-effectiveness modelling.
Healthy, Wealthy, Wise, and Happy? Assessing Age Differences in Evaluative and Emotional Well-Being Among Mature Adults from Five Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Kieny Clémence , Flores Gabriela , Ingenhaag Michael , Maurer Jürgen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study assesses the relationship between age and two dimensions of subjective well-being—evaluative and emotional—among mature adults from five low-and middle-income countries. We use data from the World Health Organization’s Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health to contrast the associations of age with subjective well-being when controlling only for gender with the corresponding partial associations when including a richer set of covariates. Adjusting only for gender, we find negative associations of age with evaluative well-being, while the corresponding age gradients for emotional well-being are relatively flat. By contrast, adjusting for further socio-demographic factors results in positive associations of age with both evaluative and emotional well-being. Oaxaca-Blinder decompositions allow us to explore the roles of two factors to account for any unadjusted age differences in subjective well-being: age-group differences in individual characteristics and life circumstances, and age-specific associations of individual characteristics and life circumstances with subjective well-being. While adverse circumstances such as poor health and low income contribute to lower levels of evaluative well-being among older adults, age per se is—ceteris paribus—positively associated with subjective well-being. Even in poorer countries, older age does not need to be a time of low subjective well-being. Policies aimed at preserving income and limiting or compensating old-age disability appear to be key for maintaining subjective well-being among older adults.