bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sanguinarine inhibits epithelial–mesenchymal transition via targeting HIF-1α/TGF-β feed-forward loop in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Su Qi , Fan Mengying , Wang Jingjing , Ullah Asmat , Ghauri Mohsin Ahmad , Dai Bingling , Zhan Yingzhuan , Zhang Dongdong , Zhang Yanmin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEpithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Hypoxia and excessive transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) have been identified as inducers and target for EMT in HCC. Here, we show hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and TGF-β form a feed-forward loop to induce EMT in HCC cells. Further mechanistic study indicates under both hypoxia and TGF-β stimulation, Smad and PI3K-AKT pathways are activated. We show sanguinarine, a natural benzophenanthridine alkaloid, impairs the proliferation of nine kinds of HCC cell lines and the colony formation of HCC cells. In hypoxic and TGF-β cell models, sanguinarine inhibits HIF-1α signaling and the expression of EMT markers, translocation of Snail and activation of both Smad and PI3K-AKT pathways. Sanguinarine could also inhibit TGF-β-induced cell migration in HCC cells. In vivo studies reveal that the administration of sanguinarine inhibits tumor growth and HIF-1α signaling, inhibits the expression changes of EMT markers as well as Smad and PI3K-AKT pathway proteins. Our findings suggest that sanguinarine is a promising candidate targeting HIF-1α/TGF-β signaling to improve the treatment for HCC patients.
Defective neurogenesis and schizophrenia-like behavior in PARP-1-deficient mice
Authors: Hong Seokheon , Yi Jee Hyun , Lee Soonje , Park Chang-Hwan , Ryu Jong Hoon , Shin Ki Soon , Kang Shin Jung 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn the current study we present evidence suggesting that PARP-1 regulates neurogenesis and its deficiency may result in schizophrenia-like behavioral deficits in mice. PARP-1 knockout neural stem cells exhibited a marked upregulation of embryonic stem cell phosphatase that can suppress the proliferative signaling of PI3K-Akt and ERK. The suppressed activity of Akt and ERK in the absence of PARP-1 results in the elevation of FOXO1 activity and its downstream target genes p21 and p27, leading to the inhibition of neural stem cell proliferation. Moreover, expression of neurogenic factors and neuronal differentiation were decreased in the PARP-1 knockout neural stem cells whereas glial differentiation was increased. In accordance with the in vitro data, PARP-1 knockout mice exhibited reduced brain weight with enlarged ventricle as well as decreased adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Interestingly, PARP-1 knockout mice exhibited schizophrenia-like symptoms such as anxiety, depression, social interaction deficits, cognitive impairments, and prepulse inhibition deficits. Taken together, our results suggest that PARP-1 regulates neurogenesis during development and in adult and its absence may lead to the schizophrenia-like behavioral abnormality in mice.
Tailoring heterogeneities in high-entropy alloys to promote strength–ductility synergy
Authors: Ma Evan , Wu Xiaolei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractConventional alloys are usually based on a single host metal. Recent high-entropy alloys (HEAs), in contrast, employ multiple principal elements. The strength of HEAs is considerably higher than traditional solid solutions, as the many constituents lead to a rugged energy landscape that increases the resistance to dislocation motion, which can also be retarded by other heterogeneities. The wide variety of nanostructured heterogeneities in HEAs, including those generated on the fly during tensile straining, also offer elevated strain-hardening capability that promotes uniform tensile ductility. Citing recent examples, this review explores the multiple levels of heterogeneities in multi-principal-element alloys that contribute to lattice friction and back stress hardening, as a general strategy towards strength–ductility synergy beyond current benchmark ranges.
Vibronic coherence evolution in multidimensional ultrafast photochemical processes
Authors: Gaynor James D. , Sandwisch Jason , Khalil Munira 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe complex choreography of electronic, vibrational, and vibronic couplings used by photoexcited molecules to transfer energy efficiently is remarkable, but an unambiguous description of the temporally evolving vibronic states governing these processes has proven experimentally elusive. We use multidimensional electronic-vibrational spectroscopy to identify specific time-dependent excited state vibronic couplings involving multiple electronic states, high-frequency vibrations, and low-frequency vibrations which participate in ultrafast intersystem crossing and subsequent relaxation of a photoexcited transition metal complex. We discover an excited state vibronic mechanism driving long-lived charge separation consisting of an initial electronically-localized vibrational wavepacket which triggers delocalization onto two charge transfer states after propagating for ~600 femtoseconds. Electronic delocalization consequently occurs through nonadiabatic internal conversion driven by a 50 cm−1 coupling resulting in vibronic coherence transfer lasting for ~1 picosecond. This study showcases the power of multidimensional electronic-vibrational spectroscopy to elucidate complex, non-equilibrium energy and charge transfer mechanisms involving multiple molecular coordinates.
High-resolution micro-epidemiology of parasite spatial and temporal dynamics in a high malaria transmission setting in Kenya
Authors: Nelson Cody S. , Sumner Kelsey M. , Freedman Elizabeth , Saelens Joseph W. , Obala Andrew A. , Mangeni Judith N. , Taylor Steve M. , O’Meara Wendy P. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNovel interventions that leverage the heterogeneity of parasite transmission are needed to achieve malaria elimination. To better understand spatial and temporal dynamics of transmission, we applied amplicon next-generation sequencing of two polymorphic gene regions (csp and ama1) to a cohort identified via reactive case detection in a high-transmission setting in western Kenya. From April 2013 to July 2014, we enrolled 442 symptomatic children with malaria, 442 matched controls, and all household members of both groups. Here, we evaluate genetic similarity between infected individuals using three indices: sharing of parasite haplotypes on binary and proportional scales and the L1 norm. Symptomatic children more commonly share haplotypes with their own household members. Furthermore, we observe robust temporal structuring of parasite genetic similarity and identify the unique molecular signature of an outbreak. These findings of both micro- and macro-scale organization of parasite populations might be harnessed to inform next-generation malaria control measures.
Assessment of mitral valve regurgitation by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Garg Pankaj , Swift Andrew J. , Zhong Liang , Carlhäll Carl-Johan , Ebbers Tino , Westenberg Jos , Hope Michael D. , Bucciarelli-Ducci Chiara , Bax Jeroen J. , Myerson Saul G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMitral regurgitation (MR) is a common valvular heart disease and is the second most frequent indication for heart valve surgery in Western countries. Echocardiography is the recommended first-line test for the assessment of valvular heart disease, but cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) provides complementary information, especially for assessing MR severity and to plan the timing of intervention. As new CMR techniques for the assessment of MR have arisen, standardizing CMR protocols for research and clinical studies has become important in order to optimize diagnostic utility and support the wider use of CMR for the clinical assessment of MR. In this Consensus Statement, we provide a detailed description of the current evidence on the use of CMR for MR assessment, highlight its current clinical utility, and recommend a standardized CMR protocol and report for MR assessment.
A biomass derived porous carbon for broadband and lightweight microwave absorption
Authors: Zhang Zhu , Zhao Huanqin , Gu Weihua , Yang Lieji , Zhang Baoshan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWith the continuous progress of science and technology, the traditional magnetic material is no longer able to meet the new complex electromagnetic (EM) environment due to its high bulk density. Therefore, the novel excellent EM absorber with the feature of thin thickness, low density, broad absorption bandwidth and strong absorption intensity is highly desired. Herein, we fabricated a porous carbon with ultrahigh porosity through a facile KOH activation from biomass waste pumpkin seed shell for lightweight EM wave absorption application. By optimizing the porous structures, the strong absorption intensity of −50.55 dB is achieved at thin thickness of 1.85 mm under low filler content of only 10 wt %. More interestingly, a broad frequency bandwidth of 7.4 GHz could cover the whole Ku band. These outstanding microwave absorption performances, couple with low cost ingredients and ease of fabrication process enable the porous carbon framework as the next generation promising candidate for lightweight and remarkable EM absorber.
Dye Clicked Thermoplastic Polyurethane as a Generic Platform toward Chromic-Polymer Applications
Authors: Seo Eunbyeol , Choi Jihyun , Lee Bumjae , Son Young-A , Lee Kyung Jin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChromic dyes responding against external stimuli are useful in various field of applications especially to colorimetric sensors. However, there have been several limitations in generic application because of its cost, stability and reliability. Here, we introduced highly functionalizable polymeric materials as a supporter covalently modified with controlled amount of chromic dyes. The photochromic organic dye (spiropyran) and highly functional thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) have been adopted as a representative example. Conventional polymeric solution processes such as film processing, wet-spinning, electrospinning and ink-writing are readily applicable because dye-TPU maintains its own solubility in various organic solvents. Additionally, since the concentration of dye on TPU are precisely controllable, these dye-TPU solution can be adopted in broad range of specific applications, such as secret coding, smart fabric, and chromic polymeric film layer.
GCH1 (rs841) polymorphism in the nitric oxide-forming pathway has protective effects on obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Sheikhi Kouhsar Samaneh , Bigdeli Mohammadreza , Shakiba Yadollah , Sadeghniiat Khosro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSeveral studies have recently investigated the contribution of genetic factors in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Patients with OSA suffer from a reduction in nitric oxide (NO) serum level. This study investigated rs841, A930G p22phox, and rs1799983 polymorphisms in three critical genes involved in NO formation. A total of 94 patients with OSA and 100 healthy controls were enrolled into the study. Results showed there was no association between rs841, A930G p22phox and rs1799983 polymorphism and the risk of OSA (P = 0.51,P = 0.4 andP = 0.33, respectively). Moreover, rs841 GA genotype had a reverse relationship with the severity of OSA (P = 0.005). On the other hand, rs841 GA and A930G p22phox AA genotypes had a protective effect on daytime sleepiness in OSA patients (P = 0.01andP = 0.02, respectively). Additionally, the combination of rs841 and A930G p22phox (AG/AG and AG/AA) genotypes was significantly associated with a reduction in daytime sleepiness in OSA patients (P = 0.03 andP = 0.03, respectively). According to the results of our study, GA genotype of rs841 and GA/AA genotypes of A930G p22phox polymorphisms significantly reduced the severity of the problem and daytime sleepiness in OSA patients.
Serum albumin level for prediction of all-cause mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Lingjun , Chen Miaomiao , Lin Xiaoping 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The prognostic utility of serum albumin level as a predictor of survival in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has attracted considerable attention. This meta-analysis sought to investigate the prognostic value of serum albumin level for predicting all-cause mortality in ACS patients. A systematic literature search was conducted in Pubmed and Embase databases until 5 March 2019. Epidemiological studies investigating the association between serum albumin level and all-cause mortality risk in ACS patients were included. Eight studies comprising 21667 ACS patients were included. Meta-analysis indicated that ACS patients with low serum albumin level had an increased risk of all-cause mortality (risk ratio [RR] 2.15; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.68–2.75) after adjusting for important covariates. Subgroup analysis showed that the impact of low serum albumin level was stronger in hospital mortality (RR 3.09; 95% CI 1.70–5.61) than long-term all-cause mortality (RR 1.75; 95% CI 1.54–1.98). This meta-analysis demonstrates that low serum albumin level is a powerful predictor of all-cause mortality in ACS patients, even after adjusting usual confounding factors. However, there is lack of clinical trials to demonstrate that correcting serum albumin level by means of intravenous infusion reduces the excess risk of death in ACS patients.
Measuring precise radial velocities on individual spectral lines
Authors: Cretignier M. , Dumusque X. , Allart R. , Pepe F. , Lovis C. 
Published: December 2019

Context.Although the new generation of radial-velocity (RV) instruments such as ESPRESSO are expected to reach the long-term precision required to find other earths, the RV measurements are contaminated by some signal from stellar activity. This makes these detections hard.Aims.Based on real observations, we here demonstrate for the first time the effect of stellar activity on the RV of individual spectral lines. Recent studies have shown that this is probably the key for mitigating this perturbing signal. By measuring the line-by-line RV of each individual spectral line in the 2010 HARPS RV measurements ofαCen B, we study their sensitivity to telluric line contamination and line profile asymmetry. After selecting lines on which we are confident to measure a real Doppler-shift, we study the different effects of the RV signal that is induced by stellar activity on spectral lines based on their physical properties.Results.We estimate that at least 89% of the lines that appear in the spectrum ofαCen B for which we measure a reliable RV are correlated with the stellar activity signal (Pearson correlation coefficientR> 0.3 at 2σ). This can be interpreted as those lines being sensitive to the inhibition of the convective blueshift observed in active regions. Because the velocity of the convective blueshift increases with physical depth inside the stellar atmosphere, we find that the effect induced by stellar activity on the RV of individual spectral lines is inversely proportional to the line depth. The stellar activity signal can be mitigated down to ~0.8–0.9 m s−1either by selecting lines that are less sensitive to activity or by using the difference between the RV of the spectral lines that are formed at different depths in the stellar atmosphere as an activity proxy.Conclusions.This paper shows for the first time that based on real observations of solar-type stars, it is possible to measure the RV effect of stellar activity on the RV of individual spectral lines. Our results are very promising and demonstrate that analysing the RV of individual spectral lines is probably one of the solutions to mitigate stellar activity signal in RV measurements down to a level enabling the detection of other earths.
Using the StokesVwidths of Fe I lines for diagnostics of the intrinsic solar photospheric magnetic field
Authors: Gordovskyy M. , Shelyag S. , Browning P. K. , Lozitsky V. G. 
Published: December 2019

Aims.The goal of this study is to explore a novel method for the solar photospheric magnetic field diagnostics using StokesVwidths of different magnetosensitive Fe I spectral lines.Methods.We calculate StokesIandVprofiles of several Fe I lines based on a one-dimensional photospheric model VAL C using the NICOLE radiative transfer code. These profiles are used to produce calibration curves linking the intrinsic magnetic field values with the widths of blue peaks of StokesVprofiles. The obtained calibration curves are then tested using the Stokes profiles calculated for more realistic photospheric models based on magnetohydrodynamic of magneto-convection.Results.It is shown that the developed StokesVwidths method can be used with various optical and near-infrared lines. Out of six lines considered in this study, Fe I 6301 line appears to be the most effective: it is sensitive to fields over ∼200 G and does not show any saturation up to ∼2 kG. Other lines considered can also be used for the photospheric field diagnostics with this method, however, only in narrower field value ranges, typically from about 100 G to 700–1000 G.Conclusions.The developed method can be a useful alternative to the classical magnetic line ratio method, particularly when the choice of lines is limited.
Prävention und Therapie der Frühgeburt. Leitlinie der DGGG, OEGGG und SGGG (S2k-Niveau, AWMF-Registernummer 015/025, Februar 2019) – Teil 2 mit Empfehlungen zur tertiären Prävention der Frühgeburt und zum Management des frühen vorzeitigen Blasensprungs
Authors: Berger Richard , Abele Harald , Bahlmann Franz , Bedei Ivonne , Doubek Klaus , Felderhoff-Müser Ursula , Fluhr Herbert , Garnier Yves , Grylka-Baeschlin Susanne , Helmer Hanns , Herting Egbert , Hoopmann Markus , Hösli Irene , Hoyme Udo , Jendreizeck Alexandra , Krentel Harald , Kuon Ruben , Lütje Wolf , Mader Silke , Maul Holger , Mendling Werner , Mitschdörfer Barbara , Nicin Tatjana , Nothacker Monika , Olbertz Dirk , Rath Werner , Roll Claudia , Schlembach Dietmar , Schleußner Ekkehard , Schütz Florian , Seifert-Klauss Vanadin , Steppat Susanne , Surbek Daniel 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Offizielle Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe (DGGG), der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe (ÖGGG) und der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe (SGGG). Ziel der Leitlinie ist es, die Prädiktion, die Prävention und das Management der Frühgeburt anhand der aktuellen Literatur, der Erfahrung der Mitglieder der Leitlinienkommission einschließlich der Sicht der Selbsthilfe evidenzbasiert zu verbessern.
Methoden Anhand der internationalen Literatur entwickelten die Mitglieder der beteiligten Fachgesellschaften und Organisationen Empfehlungen und Statements. Diese wurden in einem formalen Prozess (strukturierte Konsensuskonferenzen mit neutraler Moderation, schriftliche Delphi-Abstimmung) verabschiedet.
Empfehlungen Der Teil 2 dieser Kurzversion der Leitlinie zeigt Statements und Empfehlungen zur tertiären Prävention der Frühgeburt sowie zum Management des frühen vorzeitigen Blasensprungs.
Mit der ZGN ins Neue Jahr
Authors: Singer Dominique 
Published: December 2019

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,vor Ihnen liegt die letzte Ausgabe der Zeitschrift für Neonatologie und Geburtshilfe (ZGN) des Jahres 2019, die Ihnen einmal mehr einen abwechslungsreichen Themenquerschnitt aus der gesamten Perinatalmedizin bietet.
Structures and functions of penta-EF-hand calcium-binding proteins and their interacting partners: enigmatic relationships between ALG-2 and calpain-7
Authors: Maki Masatoshi 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
The penta-EF-hand (PEF) protein family includes ALG-2 (gene name, PDCD6) and its paralogs as well as classical calpain family members. ALG-2 is a prototypic PEF protein that is widely distributed in eukaryotes and interacts with a variety of proteins in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Mammalian ALG-2 and its interacting partners have various modulatory roles including roles in cell death, signal transduction, membrane repair, ER-to-Golgi vesicular transport, and RNA processing. Some ALG-2-interacting proteins are key factors that function in the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) system. On the other hand, mammalian calpain-7 (CAPN7) lacks the PEF domain but contains two microtubule-interacting and trafficking (MIT) domains in tandem. CAPN7 interacts with a subset of ESCRT-III proteins through the MIT domains and regulates EGF receptor downregulation. Structures and functions of ALG-2 and those of its interacting partners as well as relationships with the calpain family are reviewed in this article.
Prospects for future asymmetric collisions in the LHC
Authors: Jebramcik Marc Andre , Jowett John M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The proton-lead runs of the LHC in 2012, 2013 and 2016 provided luminosity far beyond expectations in a diversity of operating conditions and led to important new results in high-density QCD. This has permitted the scope of the future physics programme to be expanded in a recent review. Besides further high-luminosity proton-lead (p–Pb) collisions, lighter nuclei are also under consideration. A short proton-oxygen run, on the model of the 2012 p-Pb run, would be of interest for cosmic-ray physics. Collisions of protons with argon, other noble gases and nuclei of lighter metals are also discussed. We provide an overview of the operational strategies and potential performance of various options. Potential performance limits from moving beam-beam encounters at injection and various beam-loss mechanisms are evaluated in the light of our understanding of the LHC to date.
Beam-Gas and Beam-Thermal photon scattering in CEPC
Authors: Bai S , Yu C H , Wang Y W , Zhang Y , Wang D , Geng H P , Gao J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is a proposed Higgs factory with center of mass energy of 240GeV to measure the properties of Higgs boson and test the standard model accurately. Beam loss background in detectors is an important topic at CEPC. Beam-Gas scattering (BG) and Beam-Thermal photon scattering (BTH), although not so serious as Radiative Bhabha scattering (RBB) and Beamstrahlung (BS), are also important components of the beam induced backgrounds at CEPC due to the beam lifetime. In this paper, we evaluated the beam-gas and beam-thermal photon scattering in simulation and designed collimators to suppress the radiation level on the machine and the detector.
Microphonics Suppression In Ariel Acm1 Cry- Omodule
Authors: Ma Yanyun , Fong K. , Keir J. , Kishi D. , Koscielniak S.R. , Lang D. , Laxdal R.E. , Sekhon R.S. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Now 30 MeV stage of the ARIEL (The Advanced Rare Isotope Laboratory) e-Linac is under commissioning which includes an injector cryomodule (ICM) and the first accelerator cryomodule (ACM1). The two ACM1 cavities are driven by a single klystron with vector-sum control and running in CW mode. During the commissioning, the ACM1 cavities gradient and stability were limited by a ponderomotive effect [1-4]. Acoustic noise from the environment including vibration sources from water- and air-cooling systems, cryogenic system and vacuum system have been identified. In this paper, the progress of the microphonics suppression of ACM1 is presented.