bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of target coverage loss for stereotactic body radiotherapy treatment of synchronous lung lesions via single‐isocenter volumetric modulated arc therapy
Authors: Critchfield Lana C. , Bernard Mark E. , Randall Marcus E. , McGarry Ronald C. , Pokhrel Damodar 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTreating multiple lung lesions synchronously via single‐isocenter volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) improves treatment efficiency and patient compliance. However, aligning multiple lung tumors accurately on single pretreatment cone beam CTs (CBCTs) can be problematic. Tumors misaligned could lead to target coverage loss. To quantify this potential target coverage loss due to small, clinically realistic setup errors, a novel simulation method was developed. This method was used on 26 previously treated patients with two metastatic lung lesions. Patients were treated with 4D CT‐based, highly conformal noncoplanar VMAT plans (clinical VMAT) with 6MV‐flattening filter free (FFF) beam using AcurosXB dose calculation algorithm with heterogeneity corrections. A single isocenter was placed approximately between the lesions to improve patient convenience and clinic workflow. Average isocenter to tumor distance was 5.9 cm. Prescription dose was 54 Gy/50 Gy in 3/5 fractions. For comparison, a plan summation (simulated VMAT) was executed utilizing randomly simulated, clinically relevant setup errors, obtained from pretreatment setup, per treatment fraction, in Eclipse treatment planning system for each of the six degrees of freedom within ± 5.0 mm and ± 2°. Simulations yielded average deviations of 27.4% (up to 72% loss) (P < 0.001) from planned target coverage when treating multiple lung lesions using a single‐isocenter plan. The largest deviations from planned coverage and desired biological effective dose (BED10, with α/β = 10 Gy) were seen for the smallest targets (<10 cc), some of which received < 100 Gy BED10. Patient misalignment resulted in substantial decrease in conformity and increase in the gradient index, violating major characteristics of SBRT. Statistically insignificant differences were seen for normal tissue dose. Although, clinical follow‐up of these patients is ongoing, the authors recommend an alternative treatment planning strategy to minimize the probability of a geometric miss when treating small lung lesions synchronously with single‐isocenter VMAT SBRT plans.
Pregnancy and Rheumatic Disease: Experience at a Single Center in New York City During the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Barbhaiya Medha , Stamm Bessie , Vitone Gregory , Frey Marianna B. , Jannat‐Khah Deanna , Levine Jonah , Vega JoAnn , Feldman Candace H. , Salmon Jane E. , Crow Mary K. , Bykerk Vivian , Lockshin Michael D. , Sammaritano Lisa , Mandl Lisa A. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveThe present study was undertaken to evaluate the pregnancy experiences of women receiving care in the division of rheumatology at a major academic center in New York City during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsA web‐based COVID‐19 survey was emailed to 26,045 patients who were followed in the division of rheumatology at a single center in New York City. Women ages 18–50 years were asked about their pregnancy. We compared the COVID‐19 experience between pregnant and nonpregnant women and also explored the impact of the pandemic on prenatal care and perinatal outcomes.ResultsAmong 7,094 of the 26,045 respondents, 1,547 were women ages 18–50 years, with 61 (4%) reporting being pregnant during the pandemic. The prevalence of self‐reported COVID‐19 was similar in pregnant and nonpregnant women (8% versus 9%, respectively; P = 0.76). Among women with COVID‐19, pregnant women had a shorter duration of symptoms (P < 0.01) and were more likely to experience loss of smell or taste (P = 0.02) than nonpregnant women. Approximately three‐fourths of women had a systemic rheumatic disease, with no differences when stratified by pregnancy or COVID‐19 status. In all, 67% of pregnant women noted changes to prenatal care during the pandemic, and 23% of postpartum women stated that the pandemic affected delivery.ConclusionAmong women followed in the division of rheumatology at a major center in New York City, pregnancy was not associated with increased self‐reported COVID‐19. Pregnancy was associated with a shorter duration of COVID‐19 symptoms and a higher prevalence of loss of smell or taste. The COVID‐19 pandemic impacted prenatal care for the majority of pregnant patients.
Vertical Strain Engineering of Epitaxial La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 Thin Films by Spontaneously Embedding ZrO2 Nanopillar Arrays
Authors: Cao Guixin , Song Kepeng , Qiao Liang , Guo Junjie , Han Weihua , Shen Xuechu , Du Kui , Zhang Jincang , Singh David J. , Gao Yuze 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRational control of local strain distributions and thus the functional properties of epitaxial thin films has been a long‐standing goal in the development of new physics and novel devices based on strain‐sensitive materials. Here, the fabrication of La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (LSMO) films with strain fields arising from vertical epitaxial embedding of ultra‐small ZrO2 nanopillars, diameter 4.0 ± 0.6 nm, is reported. High quality films are obtained with average distance between adjacent nanopillars of 9.0 ± 0.3 nm for x = 0.2 in (LSMO)1−x:(ZrO2)x. The strain distribution of the vertical interface is analyzed in detail and the dominant state of the interfacial strain is verified. Remarkably, with increasing x, the Curie temperature TC and metal–insulator (MI) transition temperature TMI show a surprisingly large depression, revealing the significant tuning capability of the vertical tensile stress originating from the small‐size ZrO2 pillars. A systematic tunability of the low field magnetoresistance is also found. The field dependence of the magnetization exhibits both horizontal and vertical shifts. The exchange bias field HE increases with increasing x, while magnetization shift Mshift is unchanged. The results suggest the possibility of strain tuning through epitaxial nanostructures for multifunctional applications across many fields with appropriate selection of matrix and nanopillar materials.
Ultralow Loading (Single‐Atom and Clusters) of the Pt Catalyst by Atomic Layer Deposition Using Dimethyl ((3,4‐η) N,N‐dimethyl‐3‐butene‐1‐amine‐N) Platinum (DDAP) on the High‐Surface‐Area Substrate for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Ramesh Rahul , Han Seungmin , Nandi Dip K. , Sawant Sandesh Y. , Kim Deok Hyun , Cheon Taehoon , Cho Moo Hwan , Harada Ryosuke , Shigetomi Toshiyuki , Suzuki Kazuharu , Kim Soo‐Hyun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSingle‐atom Pt catalyst has seen a tremendous surge in the research community in very recent times. The minimum loading of such precious metal catalysts on high surface area substrates with effective performance toward catalyzing a reaction is indeed of great importance. Here, an alternative way is demonstrated to perform an ultralow loading of Pt catalyst by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using dimethyl ((3,4‐η) N,N‐dimethyl‐3‐butene‐1‐amine‐N) platinum precursor (C8H19NPt). The ultralow loading of Pt catalyst is performed on highly porous nitrogen–carbon‐powder coated carbon cloth (NC–CC) substrates by varying the number of ALD cycles (2 to 60), and their performance in electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is evaluated. The inductively coupled plasma‐optical emission spectrometry provides the exact mass of the Pt catalyst, whereas, the transmission electron microscopy images confirm the uniform and homogeneous dispersion of platinum single‐atoms and clusters (with an average size of <1 nm for ten ALD cycles) on the NC–CC substrate. It is further found that the mass activity of Pt catalyst (per microgram of Pt) toward HER is extraordinarily high for less number of ALD cycles (two and five), whereas, the overall performance (current density per geometrical area) becomes more and more improved with increasing the ALD cycles.
Water Dispersive Suprastructures: An Organizational Impact on Nanomechanical Properties
Authors: Dobryden Illia , Yang Zhijie , Claesson Per M. , Pileni Marie Paule 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWater dispersive 2D and 3D suprastructures offer a large number of potential applications in energy release, biomedicine and other fields. The nanomechanical properties of two suprastructures of self‐assembled 9.6 nm Fe3O4 hydrophobic nanocrystals dispersed in water are elucidated by using atomic force microscopy. These suprastructures are either a shell consisting of a few layers of nanocrystals or spherical self‐assemblies of nanocrystals in fcc superlattices called colloidosomes and supraballs, respectively. The major difference in the preparation of these suprastructure is based on the presence or not of octadecene molecules. It is recently demonstrated that these structures behave as nanoheaters and remain self‐assembled after internalization in cancer cells. The observed differences between these suprastructures in terms of cell sensing are suggested to be related to their mechanical properties, which emphasize the importance of better understanding the nanomechanics of such suprastructures. In this study the nanomechanical properties of these suprastructures are shown to be load‐depended in aqueous medium. Colloidosomes demonstrate higher flexibility and deformability than the supraballs. These findings provide essential knowledge for understanding differences in cell internalization and implementation in biomedicine. The differences in nanomechanical properties between these types of suprastructures are mainly due to their structures (hollow core–shell or fcc supracrystals).
Preparation of Nacre‐Like Polyimide/Montmorillonite Composite Films with Excellent Water Vapor Barrier Properties by Gravity‐Induced Deposition
Authors: Yu Qiaoxi , Zhu Longji , Liu Teng , Babu Seenivasagaperumal Sriram , Zheng Zhibo , Liu Siwei , Chi Zhenguo , Zhang Yi , Xu Jiarui 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPolymers are ideal materials for preparing flexible barrier films because of their flexibility and other outstanding comprehensive properties. However, the gas barrier performance of polymer is far from meeting the requirements of flexible electronics encapsulation and its technology is still very challenging. In this study, by imitating the “brick‐mortar” structure of nacres, the nacre‐like composites made by polyimide (PI) and montmorillonites (MMTs) are successfully prepared by gravity‐induced deposition. These composite films exhibit excellent water vapor barrier performance even under high humidity conditions. The water vapor transmission rate of the best composite film (PNC50) is 0.023 g m−2 day−1, which is 3 orders of magnitude lower than that of pure PI. Mechanism studies are carried out by the help of carbon quantum dots, which could “lighting up” the MMTs and thus directly reflect the dispersion state of MMT in the composite films. With a fluorescence confocal microscopy, it can be observed that MMTs are evenly arranged on the surface, effectively blocking the entry of water vapor; moreover, the dense laminated structure of MMTs can prevent the diffusion of water vapor, all of which are beneficial to improve the water vapor barrier property of the composite films.
Maize yield under Urochloa ruziziensis intercropping and previous crop nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Mingotte Fábio Luíz Checchio , Jardim Celso Antônio , do Amaral Camila Baptista , Coelho Anderson Prates , Morello Orlando Ferreira , Leal Fábio Tiraboschi , Lemos Leandro Borges , Fornasieri Filho Domingos 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMaize intercropping with forage crops and N under no‐tillage management have led to discrepant results regarding the impact on crop yield. Therefore, understanding various production systems is necessary to assist producers in decision making. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate whether maize (Zea mays L.) intercropping with Urochloa ruziziensis (R. Germ. and C.M. Evrard) Crins promotes differences in the agronomic performance of maize and if split top‐dressing N fertilization in the previous crop (common bean [Phaseolus vulgaris L.]) promotes increase in maize agronomic performance. The experiment was conducted during two agricultural years in southeastern Brazil, with treatments arranged as a split‐plot fitted in a randomized block design, with four replications. Main plot was cropping systems (two systems ‐ maize sole and maize intercropped with U. ruziziensis) while subplots comprised 10 combinations of split top‐dressed N applications, totaling 90 kg ha−1, applied to the previously cultivated common bean crop. Regardless of the agricultural year, intercropping with U. ruziziensis sown simultaneously with maize reduced maize yield by 12% on average. Intercropping maize and U. ruziziensis increased soil coverage from an average of 64–100% over maize as an only crop. The agronomic performance of maize grown in sole crop or intercropped with U. ruziziensis was not influenced by the effect of top‐dressing N fertilization applied in common bean under no‐tillage as previous crop. Intercropping maize with U. ruziziensis is a viable option for producers seeking improved soil coverage or grazing opportunities, however, caution is needed since maize yields may be reduced.
Phytoextraction of lead and arsenic from agricultural soils by different intercropping density of Boehmeria nivea (L.) and Pteris vittata (L.)
Authors: Wang Dong , Zhu ShouJing , Lu YanWei , Zeng Rui , Hu ZhiXin , Li Xiang , Jie YuCheng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the heavy metal absorption characteristics of different plant species and planting patterns on lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) levels in soil. Two ramie [Boehmeria nivea (L.) Guad.] varieties (Zhongzhu‐1 and Xiangzhu‐3), and Pteris vittata L. were cultivated in monoculture and intercropping patterns in soil polluted with heavy metals (Pb and As). The plant traits and biomasses of Zhongzhu‐1 and Xiangzhu‐3 intercropped with P. vittata at a high density were not significantly different compared to their individual monoculture treatments. Meanwhile, the biomass of P. vittata intercropped with ramie was significantly reduced. In addition, the Pb content and Pb accumulation in shoots of Zhongzhu‐1 and Xiangzhu‐3 intercropped with P. vittata at high density significantly increased compared with the Pb content and Pb accumulation from monoculture shoots. The Xiangzhu‐3/P. vittata high density intercropping system had the highest Pb extraction at 232.14 g hm−2 and a Pb extraction efficiency of 0.0222%. The P. vittata monoculture system had the highest As extraction with 225.87 g hm−2 and an As extraction efficiency of 0.2765%. Moreover, ramie and P. vittata intercropping at high density was the most efficacious planting method for minimizing Pb–As pollution in soil with higher and effective remediation efficiency and economic benefit than monoculture planting system.
Household dairy demand by income groups in an urban Chinese province: A multistage budgeting approach
Authors: Wu Beibei , Shang Xudong , Chen Yongfu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPrice and income elasticities are estimated for six food categories and different types of dairy across low‐, medium‐, and high‐income groups using 7426 urban households in Guangdong province from 2007 to 2009. Results from the estimation of a multistage budgeting approach to deal with zero expenditure show that demand for milk and dairy items among low‐income groups is more sensitive to income and price fluctuations compared to medium‐ and high‐income families. Therefore, a program of large income or price subsidies for dairy items may be an effective policy solution to improve the nutrition of the poor households. [EconLit citations: P46, Q18, O12].
Development of dual‐model classical density functional theory and its application to gas adsorption in porous materials
Authors: Hong Dandan , Liu Yu , Liu Honglai , Hu Ying 
Published: December 2020

AbstractClassical density functional theory (CDFT) is a useful theory in many fields. The basis of CDFT is spherical model and extending it to nonspherical molecules is a challenging issue due to the orientation/configuration of the molecules, which implies more complicated molecular models, and higher computational costs. In this work, we propose a dual‐model classical density functional theory (DM‐CDFT) to address this issue. The theory uses a more precise model (all‐atom model) and a simpler model (coarsening model) to construct the external and excess free energy functionals, respectively. By using this methodology, CDFT could handle orientation/configuration effects with low computational costs. The theory is examined by applying it to gas adsorption (such as C2H2/C2H4/C2H6 and toxic gases) in porous materials, and the predicted adsorption isotherms verify the accuracy of the theory. Additionally, the predicted density profile indicates that rotation entropy plays an important role in the adsorption of nonspherical molecules.
Cardiopulmonary arrest secondary to compression of the heart owing to esophageal hiatal hernia: a case report
Authors: Ohira Shusaku , Okada Yoshito , Ishida Yosuke , Akiyama Sojiro 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundEsophageal hiatal hernia is commonly encountered in clinical practice. We describe a case of cardiac compression caused by an esophageal hiatal hernia that resulted in circulatory failure and cardiac arrest.Case PresentationAn 82‐year‐old woman presented to our hospital with vomiting, which progressed to cardiac arrest in the emergency room after computed tomography (CT) imaging. CT revealed gastric herniation into the mediastinum, with marked cardiac compression. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed, and a nasogastric tube was inserted for gastric decompression, which resulted in the return of spontaneous circulation and subsequent hemodynamic stabilization. However, the patient died of aspiration pneumonia 4 days later.ConclusionGastric decompression can lead to rapid improvements in respiration and circulation in patients with an esophageal hiatal hernia. Nonetheless, to prevent complications, such as those observed in our patient, definitive surgical treatment is warranted.
Infected abdominal aorta aneurysm secondary to streptococcal toxic shock syndrome due to Streptococcus pyogenes: a case report from Japan
Authors: Taniguchi Shiho , Sato Yukio , Shimatani Naotaka , Torii Yosaku , Sekimizu Mariko , Kamiya Yuki , Matsubara Kentaro , Obara Hideaki , Sasaki Junichi 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundInfected aortic aneurysm secondary to streptococcal toxic shock syndrome caused by Streptococcus pyogenes is uncommon and associated with high mortality.Case presentationA 75‐year‐old man with metastatic lung cancer and an abdominal aortic aneurysm presented with high fever for 3 days. He was diagnosed with septic shock and was admitted to our hospital. The blood culture was positive for S. pyogenes, and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome was diagnosed. During treatment, enhanced computed tomography revealed an increase in the size of the abdominal aortic aneurysm, leading to the diagnosis of an infected aortic aneurysm. Replacement of the aneurysm with a synthetic graft was carried out successfully. The patient gradually recovered after the surgery.ConclusionWe successfully managed an infected aortic aneurysm secondary to streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Infected aortic aneurysms should be considered in patients with a medical history of aortic aneurysms and presenting with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.
Assembly of The Mitochondrial Complex I Assembly Complex Suggests a Regulatory Role for Deflavination
Authors: Giachin Gabriele , Jessop Matthew , Bouverot Romain , Acajjaoui Samira , Saïdi Melissa , Chretien Anaïs , Bacia‐Verloop Maria , Signor Luca , Mas Philippe J. , Favier Adrien , Borel Meneroud Eve , Hons Michael , Hart Darren J. , Kandiah Eaazhisai , Boeri Erba Elisabetta , Buisson Alain , Leonard Gordon , Gutsche Irina , Soler‐Lopez Montserrat 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFatty acid β‐oxidation (FAO) and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) are mitochondrial redox processes that generate ATP. The biogenesis of the respiratory Complex I, a 1 MDa multiprotein complex that is responsible for initiating OXPHOS, is mediated by assembly factors including the mitochondrial complex I assembly (MCIA) complex. However, the organisation and the role of the MCIA complex are still unclear. Here we show that ECSIT functions as the bridging node of the MCIA core complex. Furthermore, cryo‐electron microscopy together with biochemical and biophysical experiments reveal that the C‐terminal domain of ECSIT directly binds to the vestigial dehydrogenase domain of the FAO enzyme ACAD9 and induces its deflavination, switching ACAD9 from its role in FAO to an MCIA factor. These findings provide the structural basis for the MCIA complex architecture and suggest a unique molecular mechanism for coordinating the regulation of the FAO and OXPHOS pathways to ensure an efficient energy production.
Light‐Responsive Dynamic DNA‐Origami‐Based Plasmonic Assemblies
Authors: Ryssy Joonas , Natarajan Ashwin K. , Wang Jinhua , Lehtonen Arttu J. , Nguyen Minh‐Kha , Klajn Rafal , Kuzyk Anton 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDNA nanotechnology offers a versatile toolbox for precise spatial and temporal manipulation of matter on the nanoscale. However, rendering DNA‐based systems responsive to light has remained challenging. Herein, we describe the remote manipulation of native (non‐photoresponsive) chiral plasmonic molecules (CPMs) using light. Our strategy is based on the use of a photoresponsive medium comprising a merocyanine‐based photoacid. Upon exposure to visible light, the medium decreases its pH, inducing the formation of DNA triplex links, leading to a spatial reconfiguration of the CPMs. The process can be reversed simply by turning the light off and it can be repeated for multiple cycles. The degree of the overall chirality change in an ensemble of CPMs depends on the CPM fraction undergoing reconfiguration, which, remarkably, depends on and can be tuned by the intensity of incident light. Such a dynamic, remotely controlled system could aid in further advancing DNA‐based devices and nanomaterials.
Use of remote sensing tools to predict focal areas for sea turtle conservation in the south‐western Atlantic
Authors: Prosdocimi Laura , Teryda Natalia S. , Navarro Gabriela S. , Carthy Raymond R. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Fisheries bycatch of non‐target species in the commercial fleet is a major source of anthropogenic injury and mortality for sea turtles and marine megafauna.
The Río de la Plata maritime front (RLPMF) and its adjacent international waters – comprising part of the Argentine and Uruguayan exclusive economic zones, is a highly important fishing ground in the south‐western Atlantic Ocean as well as feeding and development grounds for sea turtles.
This paper analyses the distribution of the bottom and pelagic trawling fishery within the RLPMF using information from Vessel Satellite Monitoring System. With this information, areas of highest trawling intensity were defined and further evaluated their overlap with sea turtle habitat‐use areas from available sea turtle satellite tracking information.
Results besides identifying high‐susceptibility areas for sea turtle bycatch by the commercial trawler fleet along the RLPMF, provide predictive tools to identify vulnerable areas to interaction of sea turtles and the commercial fishing fleet.
Implementation of bycatch mitigation measures, such as reduced fishing effort areas by the Argentine and Uruguayan fisheries management agencies has the potential to benefit the fisheries as well as marine megafauna. Furthermore, there is a need for additional research on the impact that this fleet can have on sea turtles present in the area.