bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the causal relation between real world activities and emotional expressions of social media users
Authors: Mirlohi Falavarjani Seyed Amin , Jovanovic Jelena , Fani Hossein , Ghorbani Ali A. , Noorian Zeinab , Bagheri Ebrahim 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSocial interactions through online social media have become a daily routine of many, and the number of those whose real world (offline) and online lives have become intertwined is continuously growing. As such, the interplay of individuals' online and offline activities has been the subject of numerous research studies, the majority of which explored the impact of people's online actions on their offline activities. The opposite direction of impact—the effect of real‐world activities on online actions—has also received attention but to a lesser degree. To contribute to the latter form of impact, this paper reports on a quasi‐experimental design study that examined the presence of causal relations between real‐world activities of online social media users and their online emotional expressions. To this end, we have collected a large dataset (over 17K users) from Twitter and Foursquare, and systematically aligned user content on the two social media platforms. Users' Foursquare check‐ins provided information about their offline activities, whereas the users' expressions of emotions and moods were derived from their Twitter posts. Since our study was based on a quasi‐experimental design, to minimize the impact of covariates, we applied an innovative model of computing propensity scores. Our main findings can be summarized as follows: (a) users' offline activities do impact their affective expressions, both of emotions and moods, as evidenced in their online shared textual content; (b) the impact depends on the type of offline activity and if the user embarks on or abandons the activity. Our findings can be used to devise a personalized recommendation mechanism to help people better manage their online emotional expressions.
Carbon Composite Anodes with Tunable Microstructures for Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Shengming , Teck Anastasia A. , Guo Zhenyu , Xu Zhen , Titirici Maria‐Magdalena 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAmong the post‐lithium battery technologies, potassium‐ion batteries are promising for cost‐effective large‐scale energy storage, as potash is an abundant resource. However, a major challenge is to understand the structure‐performance relationships of carbon anodes for potassium‐ion storage. In this study, we have designed a variety of carbon composite materials from 100 % graphite to 100 % soft carbon and in between, with tunable structural features to fundamentally understand the roles of different carbon structural features in potassium ion insertion. We have found that the graphite‐soft carbon composites (G‐SC) show a high charge capacity of 280.2 mAh g−1 with an increased initial coulombic efficiency, representing the best reversibility among different carbon composites. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and ex‐situ structural characterizations have been applied to substantiate that the presence of soft carbon in G‐SC inhibits the solid electrolyte interface layer formation and provides structural protection to the graphitic layers.
Successful outcome of a pregnancy derived from premature ovulation in a gonadotropin‐releasing hormone antagonist protocol: A case report
Authors: Inoue Daichi , Asada Yoshimasa , Ando Tomoko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol, it is necessary to reinforce contraceptive guidance assuming that luteinizing hormone surge is not detected by measurement of serum level and ovulation is not suppressed by GnRH antagonist.
The persistent associations between early institutional care and diurnal cortisol outcomes among children adopted internationally
Authors: Isenhour Jennifer , Raby K. Lee , Dozier Mary 
Published: December 2020

AbstractYoung children in institutional care experience conditions that are incompatible with their needs for attachment relationships. As a result, early institutionalization is expected to have lasting effects on the regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) axis. The current study tested whether early institutionalization has persistent consequences for diurnal HPA axis outcomes among 130 children who had been adopted internationally between the ages of 6 and 48 months. Daily cortisol samples were collected from children at two time points: shortly after adoption (average of 5.3 months after adoption) and approximately 3 years later (average of 39.2 months after adoption). Shortly after adoption, children who had experienced a long duration of institutional care had lower morning cortisol levels and more blunted declines in cortisol across the day than children who experienced minimal or no institutional care. Three years later, children who had experienced a long duration of institutionalization continued to exhibit low morning cortisol levels and also exhibited low bedtime cortisol levels. Altogether, these results support the idea that early adversity results in the downregulation of the HPA axis and suggest that the effects of institutionalization on HPA axis functioning may persist several years after children are adopted into highly enriched families.
Using Xenopus to analyze neurocristopathies like Kabuki syndrome
Authors: Schwenty‐Lara Janina , Pauli Silke , Borchers Annette 
Published: December 2020

SummaryNeurocristopathies are human congenital syndromes that arise from defects in neural crest (NC) development and are typically associated with malformations of the craniofacial skeleton. Genetic analyses have been very successful in identifying pathogenic mutations, however, model organisms are required to characterize how these mutations affect embryonic development thereby leading to complex clinical conditions. The African clawed frog Xenopus laevis provides a broad range of in vivo and in vitro tools allowing for a detailed characterization of NC development. Due to the conserved nature of craniofacial morphogenesis in vertebrates, Xenopus is an efficient and versatile system to dissect the morphological and cellular phenotypes as well as the signaling events leading to NC defects. Here, we review a set of techniques and resources how Xenopus can be used as a disease model to investigate the pathogenesis of Kabuki syndrome and neurocristopathies in a wider sense.
Eutrophication induces shifts in the trophic position of invertebrates in aquatic food webs
Authors: van der Lee Gea H. , Vonk J. Arie , Verdonschot Ralf C. M. , Kraak Michiel H. S. , Verdonschot Piet F. M. , Huisman Jef 
Published: December 2020

AbstractChanges in the ecological stoichiometry of primary producers may have considerable implications for energy and matter transfer in food webs. We hypothesized that nutrient enrichment shifts the trophic position of omnivores towards herbivory, as the nutritional quality of primary producers increases. This hypothesis was tested by analyzing the ecological stoichiometry and stable isotope signature of primary producers and a wide range of aquatic macroinvertebrates, including primary consumers (herbivores) and secondary consumers (both potential omnivores and strict carnivores), along a eutrophication gradient in an agricultural landscape. Our results showed (1) that carbon : nutrient ratios of primary producers decreased along the eutrophication gradient, while the elemental composition of consumers remained homeostatic, and (2) that the trophic position of several omnivores and the generalist predator Notonecta decreased, while the trophic position of most other consumers remained constant. These findings suggest that shifts in the diets of aquatic invertebrates induced by increasing eutrophication may affect species interactions and food web structure in aquatic ecosystems.
Experimental and numerical analysis to predict the performance of a turboexpander at cryogenic temperature
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Biswal Rasmikanti , Behera Suraj K. , Kumar Amitesh , Sahoo Ranjit K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe emerging trend for using cryogenic fluids in scientific and research applications requires a Claude cycle‐based efficient turboexpander system. This paper presents the mean‐line design procedure, numerical, and experimental investigation to distinguish the fluid flow and thermodynamic analysis of a turboexpander operating at cryogenic temperature. Initially, the mean‐line design of turboexpander components has been carried out. Thereafter, the three‐dimensional model and computational mesh of nozzle, turbine, and diffuser have been generated using ANSYS BladeGen® and ICEM®. The three‐dimensional computational fluid dynamics analysis has been carried out to characterize the effect of fluid flow properties such as pressure, velocity, and thermal properties such as temperature, static enthalpy, and entropy at different axial locations. Finally, an experimental test rig has been developed to examine the performance of the turboexpander at cryogenic temperature and validating the numerical findings for a case study. The methodology provides insight into the realistic fluid flow phenomenon and thermal performance of a turboexpander under rotating conditions, as it is the most essential and expensive part of a gas liquefaction system.
Modelling future lahars controlled by different volcanic eruption scenarios at Cotopaxi (Ecuador) calibrated with the massively destructive 1877 lahar
Authors: Frimberger Theresa , Andrade S. Daniel , Weber Samuel , Krautblatter Michael 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLahars are among the most hazardous mass flow processes on earth and have caused up to 23 000 casualties in single events in the recent past. The Cotopaxi volcano, 60 km southeast of Quito, has a well‐documented history of massively destructive lahars and is a hotspot for future lahars due to (i) its ~10 km2 glacier cap, (ii) its 117–147‐year return period of (Sub)‐Plinian eruptions, and (iii) the densely populated potential inundation zones (300 000 inhabitants). Previous mechanical lahar models often do not (i) capture the steep initial lahar trajectory, (ii) reproduce multiple flow paths including bifurcation and confluence, and (iii) generate appropriate key parameters like flow speed and pressure at the base as a measure of erosion capacity. Here, we back‐calculate the well‐documented 1877 lahar using the RAMMS debris flow model with an implemented entrainment algorithm, covering the entire lahar path from the volcano edifice to an extent of ~70 km from the source. To evaluate the sensitivity and to constrain the model input range, we systematically explore input parameter values, especially the Voellmy–Salm friction coefficients μ and ξ. Objective selection of the most likely parameter combinations enables a realistic and robust lahar hazard representation. Detailed historic records for flow height, flow velocity, peak discharge, travel time and inundation limits match best with a very low Coulomb‐type friction μ (0.0025–0.005) and a high turbulent friction ξ (1000–1400 m/s2). Finally, we apply the calibrated model to future eruption scenarios (Volcanic Explosivity Index = 2–3, 3–4, >4) at Cotopaxi and accordingly scaled lahars. For the first time, we anticipate a potential volume growth of 50–400% due to lahar erosivity on steep volcano flanks. Here we develop a generic Voellmy–Salm approach across different scales of high‐magnitude lahars and show how it can be used to anticipate future syneruptive lahars.
Knockout of calpain‐1 protects against high‐fat diet‐induced liver dysfunction in mouse through inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation
Authors: Xu Hao , Zhang Li , Xu Duowen , Deng Weibo , Yang Wenbao , Tang Futian , Da Mingxu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe present study was designed to investigate the significance of calpain‐1 in the high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced liver dysfunction and to explore the possible mechanism. C57 mice and calpain‐1 knockout (KO) mice were fed with standard diet (SD) or HFD, respectively, for 16 weeks. The activities of calpain, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum and/or liver of mouse were measured. Lipid profiles in the serum and liver were examined. Contents of oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF‐α), and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) in serum or/and liver were detected. The results showed that compared with C57 mice fed with SD, HFD‐fed C57 mice showed the increased activities of AST and ALT in the serum, which was decreased in calpain‐1 KO mice fed with HFD. In addition, knockout of calpain‐1 decreased the contents of oxLDL, MDA, TNF‐α, and IL‐6, while increased SOD activity, in serum and/or liver. However, knockout of calpain‐1 had no effects on lipid profiles in both serum and liver. When fed with SD, all these parameters of C57 and calpain‐1 KO mice were comparable except for decreased calpain activity in the liver of calpain‐1 KO mice. The results suggested that knockout of calpain‐1 protects against HFD‐induced liver dysfunction through inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation.
Relationship between stock returns and inflation: New evidence from the US using wavelet and causality methods
Authors: Tiwari Aviral Kumar , Adewuyi Adeolu O. , Awodumi Olabanji B. , Roubaud David 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between stock returns and inflation in the United States from 1800 to 2017 using wavelet techniques, complemented with linear and nonlinear causality approaches. Wavelet analysis shows evidence of weak co‐movement between stock returns (real and nominal) and inflation in the short run and strong co‐movement between them in the long run. A movement towards the long run increases the strength of co‐movement between the two variables. Analysis based on annual data and time domain indicates unidirectional causality running from nominal stock returns to inflation using both linear and nonlinear causality tests. However, causality between real stock returns and inflation vary depending on the tests employed. Time‐scaled analysis shows that irrespective of the causality tests, a feedback relationship exists between stock returns (nominal and real) and inflation at the intermediate and long time scales. Results based on monthly data for time domain show bidirectional causality between stock returns (nominal and real) and inflation using both linear and nonlinear causality tests. Analysis by frequency bands reveals that, irrespective of the causality tests, stock returns (both nominal and real) have no link with inflation in the short to medium term. Some important policy implications are derived from the foregoing findings.
Inside Cover
Authors: Lilge Lothar , Manalac Angelica , Weersink Madrigal , Schwiegelshohn Fynn , Young‐Schultz Tanner , Abdalrhman Abdallatif Satti , Wang Chengjin , Ngan Aldrich , Gu Frank X. , Betz Vaughn , Hofmann Ron 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAccess to sterile personal protective equipment, in particular for filtered face respirators is critical in the current pandemic for front line healthcare workers. Extended use may be required during supply shortages or due to economic considerations. UVC sterilization can be a cost‐effective technique capable of high throughput. The suitability of various N95 respirator designs for UV mediated reuse were evaluated based on the materials utilized. (Background image: with permission from Prescientx. Virus image: Sophia Lilge.Further details can be found in the article by Lothar Lilge, Angelica Manalac, Madrigal Weersink, Fynn Schwiegelshohn, Tanner Young‐Schultz, Abdallatif Satti Abdalrhman, Chengjin Wang, Aldrich Ngan, Frank X. Gu, Vaughn Betz, Ron Hofmann (e202000232).
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A method to apply bond‐angle constraints in molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Pechlaner Maria , Dorta Andreas P. , Lin Zhixiong , Rusu Victor H. , van Gunsteren Wilfred F. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn algorithm to apply bond‐angle constraints in molecular dynamics simulations of macromolecules or molecular liquids is presented. It uses Cartesian coordinates and determines the Lagrange multipliers required for maintaining the constraints iteratively. It constitutes an alternative to the use of only distance constraints (DCs) between particles to maintain a particular geometry. DCs are unsuitable to maintain particular, for example, linear or flat, geometries of molecules. The proposed algorithm can easily handle bond‐length, bond‐angle, and dihedral‐angle constraints simultaneously, as when calculating a potential of mean force along a dihedral‐angle degree of freedom.
Quantum‐chemical calculations on the slippage of cyclopentadienyl and indenyl ligands in the (η3‐dienyl)Ir(PX3)3; (X = H, F, Cl, Me) complexes
Authors: Ghiasi Reza , Sofiyani Maryam Vasfi , Emami Rashin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe structure, electronic properties, and the slippage of cyclopentadienyl (Cp) and indenyl (In) ligands in the (η3‐dienyl)Ir(PX3)3; (X = H, F, Cl, Me) complexes were illustrated using the hybrid density functional MPW1PW91 theory. The characteristics of chemical bond among the [Ir(PX3)3]+ and mono‐anionic dienyl ligands (Cp and In) fragments was surveyed by the energy decomposition analysis (EDA). Charge decomposition analysis (CDA) and extended charge decomposition analysis (ECDA) were utilized to investigate the electron transfer among the fragments in the studying complexes. The correlations among the computed parameters and Tolman cone angles (θ), Tolman's Electronic Parameter (TEP), as well as the Crabtree's DFT Electronic Parameter (CEP) of the phosphine ligands were explained.
Flow cytometric evaluation of the neutrophil compartment in COVID-19 at hospital presentation: A normal response to an abnormal situation
Authors: Spijkerman Roy , Bongers Suzanne H , Bindels Bas J J , Tinnevelt Gerjen H , Giustarini Giulio , Jorritsma Nikita K N , Buitenwerf Wiebe , van Spengler Daan E J , Delemarre Eveline M , Nierkens Stefan , van Goor Harriët M R , Jansen Jeroen J , Vrisekoop Nienke , Hietbrink Falco , Leenen Luke P H , Kaasjager Karin A H , Koenderman Leo ,   the COVPACH study group
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rapidly emerging pandemic disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Critical COVID-19 is thought to be associated with a hyper-inflammatory process that can develop into acute respiratory distress syndrome, a critical disease normally mediated by dysfunctional neutrophils. This study tested the hypothesis whether the neutrophil compartment displays characteristics of hyperinflammation in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, a prospective study was performed on all patients with suspected COVID-19 presenting at the emergency room of a large academic hospital. Blood drawn within 2 d after hospital presentation was analyzed by point-of-care automated flow cytometry and compared with blood samples collected at later time points. COVID-19 patients did not exhibit neutrophilia or eosinopenia. Unexpectedly neutrophil activation markers (CD11b, CD16, CD10, and CD62L) did not differ between COVID-19-positive patients and COVID-19-negative patients diagnosed with other bacterial/viral infections, or between COVID-19 severity groups. In all patients, a decrease was found in the neutrophil maturation markers indicating an inflammation-induced left shift of the neutrophil compartment. In COVID-19 this was associated with disease severity.
Effect of different short‐term tillage management on nitrogen‐fixing bacteria community in a double‐cropping paddy field of southern China
Authors: Tang Haiming , Li Chao , Cheng Kaikai , Shi Lihong , Wen Li , Li Weiyan , Xiao Xiaoping 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSoil nitrogen (N)‐fixing bacteria community plays an important role in the N cycling process in soil, but there is still limited information about how the soil microbes that drive this process to respond to combined application of tillage and crop residue management under the double‐cropping rice (Oryza sativa L.) paddy field in southern of China. Therefore, the effects of 6‐years short‐term tillage treatment on soil N‐fixing bacteria community under the double‐cropping rice paddy field in southern China were studied by using the polymerase chain reaction‐denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis method. The field experiment included four tillage treatments: conventional tillage with crop residue incorporation (CT), rotary tillage with crop residue incorporation (RT), no‐tillage with crop residue retention (NT), rotary tillage with crop residue removed as control (RTO). The results showed that the diversity index and richness index of cbbLR and nifH genes with CT, RT, and NT treatments were increased, compared with RTO treatment. Compared with RTO treatment, the abundance of cbbLR gene with CT, RT, and NT treatments were increased by 6.54, 4.73, and 2.78 times, respectively. Meanwhile, the abundance of nifH gene with CT, RT, and NT treatments were 5.32, 3.71, and 2.45 times higher than that of RTO treatment. The results also indicated that soil autotrophic Azotobacter and nitrogenase activity with CT and RT treatments were significantly higher (p < .05) than that of RTO treatment. There was an obvious difference in characteristic of soil N‐fixing bacteria community between the application of crop residue and without crop residue input treatments. In summary, the results indicated that the abundance of N‐fixing bacteria community in the double‐cropping rice paddy field increased with conventional tillage and rotary tillage practice.
Effects of different drying methods on the chemical constituents of Lilium lancifolium Thunb. based on UHPLC‐MS analysis and antidepressant activity of the main chemical component regaloside A
Authors: Yuan Zhi‐ying , Li Zi‐yi , Zhao Hong‐qing , Gao Chuan , Xiao Meng‐wu , Jiang Xing‐ming , Zhu Jian‐ping , Huang Hui‐yong , Xu Guang‐Ming , Xie Meng‐zhou 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Lilium lancifolium Thunb. is a herb with multiple functions in both medicine and food in China, and its extracts have shown antidepressant effects. In this study, fresh bulbs of Lilium lancifolium Thunb. were processed to study the effects of different drying processes on changes in its main chemical components. We found that different drying methods can affect the chemical constituents of the herb. Among these components, Regaloside A has been found as the characteristic component. Here, Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, and Western blotting were used to evaluate the neuroprotective antidepressant effects of Regaloside A. The results showed the cell survival rate was improved, the phosphorylation levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, tyrosine kinase receptor B, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase, protein kinase B, and mammalian target of rapamycin were increased after Regaloside A treatment. In general, different drying methods have a significant influence on the chemical composition of the herb, and Regaloside A may be the main chemical component of the herb. It can alleviate the damage of corticosterone in SH‐SY5Y cells, and phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling mediated by brain‐derived neurotrophic factor/tyrosine kinase receptor B may play an important role in the neuroprotective antidepressant effects of Regaloside A.