bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Voltage Influence of Charging Electrical Vehicles on the Distribution Grid
Authors: Ye Rui , Huang Xueliang , Duan Ran 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
At present, most relevant researches study the impact of charging electrical vehicles (EVs) on distribution network through simulation method. This method requires a large amount of input information and simulation calculation, and requires a large amount of simulation time. The required input information is difficult to be fully satisfied in the actual situation, which is easy to influence the evaluation effect. In order to overcome the drawbacks of the simulation method, an assessment model for evaluating the voltage influence caused by EV charging on distribution grid has been proposed in this paper, which can work with only the traditional distribution network input information for load flow calculation and historical charging load information at charge charging stations(FCS). The proposed model can perform early warning type assessment of voltage change, which can assist the distribution grid operators to find trouble nodes with high probability of voltage violation.
Research on Charging Load Characteristics of EVs Based on Actual Charging Power
Authors: Wang Min , Zhang Peng , Shi Yi , Wu Chao , Mammadli Mahammad , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
With the expansion of the scale of electric vehicles (EVs) and the maturity of fast charging technology and the popularization of fast charging piles, the disorderly fast charging of EVs caused a significant damage on distribution network, the actual charging power of EVs is different from the rated power, the traditional method of using the rated power of the charging pile to forecast the charging load will cause a significant error and affect the dispatching operation of power grid. Based on the actual EV charging curve, this paper establishes a variable power fast charging load model for EVs. The Monte Carlo simulation method is used to simulate the charging load of EV groups. The fast charging loads of EVs with different vehicle types and different battery capacities are compared. The actual variable power fast charging mode of the electric vehicles is compared with the constant power fast charging mode and the slow charging mode, and the charging loads of the three charging modes are significantly different. Finally, the impact of charging load of electric vehicles of different scales on distribution network load is analyzed.
A Comparison of Learning Machines for Turboshaft Engine Gas Path Fault Pattern Recognition
Authors: Zhao Shuai , Huang Jinquan , Lu Feng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Since the operating environment of a turboshaft engine is complex and harsh, gas path components are easily damaged. It is quite important of gas path fault diagnosis for turboshaft engine from the huge accumulated data. The paper presents the data-driven ways of learning machine algorithms for gas path fault diagnosis of the engine and the performance comparisons. Various Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), including basic ELM, Kernel ELM (KELM) and Multiple Layer KELM (MLKELM), are involved. Besides, the Deep Belief Network (DBN) as one of the deep learning machines is also employed to recognize fault patterns. The simulation is carried out on a turboshaft engine with typical gas path fault modes. The results show that the MLKELM and DBN provide better classification accuracy than the ELM and KELM, and the DBN consumes less training time compared to the MLKELM.
Optimal Configuration of Fault Current Limiter Based on Multi-objective Decision
Authors: Mo Wenxiong , Wang Yong , Chen Jun , Qiao Shengya , Zhu Lu , Fu Rong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
To perfect the application of the fault current limiter in grid and improve the use efficiency, an optimal configuration method of fault current limiter based on multi-objective decision is proposed. Firstly, use rate of current change to select alternative branches, then taking the cost and current-limiting effect of fault current limiter as the targets, considering installation location, quantity of fault current limiter comprehensively, using α-method to determine the weight coefficient, establish multi-objective optimization model, and use immune algorithm to obtain the optimal scheme of branch installation. Next, by comparing the configuration of fault current limiter in the bus connection, the best configuration scheme is obtained. Finally, this method is verified by analyzing the IEEE39 node standard network.
Dynamic Electricity Price Guidance Analysis of Urban Electric Vehicle Based on Actual Data Drive
Authors: Duanchao Li , Han Su , Haiwei Wang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Establishing a dynamic electricity price to guide the charging behavior of car owners can better help electric vehicles (EV) to participate in peak shaving and valley filling of the grid. On the basis of this, a dynamic electricity price mechanism for electric vehicle charging stations in city was proposed in this paper.It was aimed at the distribution network where residential areas are located and mean to improve the ability of EV to cut peaks and fill valleys. Firstly, the load characteristics of residential areas were analyzed, in addition, the load status of the distribution network in the area before and after the EV charging station connected in were compared. Secondly, according to the proposed dynamic electricity price calculation process and related function based on the TOU (time-of-use) electricity price for electric vehicle charging station, the dynamic price of the day was established, then in order to predict the power load after the dynamic electricity price is implemented, the corresponding model based on the residential load elastic demand matrix was established. Finally, taking the actual data of a certain district near residential area in Anhui province and an electric vehicle charging station as an example, formulated the targeted dynamic electricity price and further verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the study.
Composition design of PMN-PH-PT piezoelectric ceramics for high-temperature actuator applications
Authors: Zhu Rongfeng , Fang Bijun , Zhang Shuai , Lu Xiaolong , Ding Jianning 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
High-Curie temperature (Tm) piezoelectric ceramics 0.15Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbHfO3-(0.85-x)PbTiO3 (0.15PMN-xPH-(0.85-x)PT, x = 0.36, 0.38, 0.39, 0.40, 0.42, 0.15PMN-PH-PT) were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method via the columbite precursor route. The synthesized 0.15PMN-PH-PT ceramics exhibit pure perovskite structure with compositions locate near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB), where the rhombohedral phase and the tetragonal phase coexist. The sintered samples present high densification, in which the 0.15Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.38PbHfO3-0.47PbTiO3 (0.15PMN-0.38PH-0.47PT) ceramics present the highest relative density, being 97.76%. The dielectric performance-temperature curves measured at different frequencies, the Curie-Weiss law fitting and the quadratic law fitting indicate that the ferroelectric phase transition from ferroelectric phase to paraelectric phase occurred at T0 in the 0.15PMN-PH-PT ceramics is driven by the displacive phase transition, and the 0.15PMN-PH-PT ceramics belong to normal ferroelectrics with diffused phase transition characteristic. Due to the MPB effect and high relative density, the 0.15PMN-0.38PH-0.47PT ceramics exhibit the best integral electrical properties, excellent thermal stability and large electric field induced strain, which present prospect promising for actuator applications under elevated environmental temperatures.
Wavefunctions for ground state 4f3 6s2 configuration of praseodymium to calculate energy of fine levels and other spectroscopic quantities
Authors: Zafar Roohi , Javaid Saba , Uddin Zaheer 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Wave functions for terms with the same orbital angular momentum L and spin angular momentum S, but different parents can be written as a linear combination of the pure parentage wave functions. These wavefunctions are important because various spectroscopic quantities e.g. energy and transition probability can be calculated with the help of these wavefunctions. In this study we present 46 wavefunctions of seventeen terms (2P,2D, 2F, 2G, 2H, 2I, 2K, 2L, 4S, 4D, 4F, 4G, 4I,( 2D, 2F, 2G, 2H) are repeated terms, all terms have seniorty number 3 except 2F whose seniorty number is 1) of

4

f

3

6

s

2

configuration of Pr I, with seven parents (1S, 1D, 1G, 1I, 3P, 3F, 3H) belonging to

f

2

.

Some of the wavefunctions are non-orthogonal as they belong to same term symbol, having different seniority number. Gram-Schmidt procedure was used to make them orthogonal.
Ventricular repolarization abnormalities: the electrocardiographic track of cardiac tumoural involvement in an infant with tuberous sclerosis complex. A case report
Authors: Facin Mirella , Pastore Carlos Alberto , Samesima Nelson , Pereira Filho Horacio Gomes 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Primary cardiac tumours are rare in children. Against this backdrop, Doppler echocardiogram is the main diagnostic procedure, while electrocardiogram (ECG) usually plays a secondary role, by detecting tumoural consequences as cardiac arrhythmias and chambers overload. We describe a case where an electrocardiographic sign was the cornerstone to diagnosis and surveillance of an infant with a cardiac rhabdomyoma.

Case summary
A female infant was referred for cardiac evaluation to elucidate an electrocardiographic abnormality, detected during investigation of seizures. She had recently been diagnosed with epilepsy and was under three different anticonvulsants for appropriate control. Cardiovascular symptoms were absent. Skin inspection revealed hypochromic macules. Respiratory and cardiovascular examinations were normal, as well as laboratorial tests and chest radiography. Electrocardiogram (ECG) showed dome-shaped ST-segment elevation in V2 and V3. Transthoracic echocardiogram unveiled a single hyper-echogenic node (0.4 cm2) in the interventricular septum. Cardiac chambers had normal size and function and Doppler analysis was also normal. No specific medication was used to treat the tumour. During follow-up, she remained free of cardiac symptoms. Eighteen months after her first visit to the cardiologist, routine clinical assessment, ECG, and transthoracic Doppler echocardiogram normal results stated the spontaneous and complete involution of the tumoural lesion.

Discussion
Convex ST-segment elevation, generally related to myocardial injury, is unusual in paediatric patients. Once it occurs in asymptomatic individuals within this age bracket, exclusion of cardiac tumours is mandatory. However, data regarding the accuracy of such electrocardiographic marker in this clinical setting are still to be defined.
Total variation multiscale estimators for linear inverse problems
Authors: del Álamo Miguel , Munk Axel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEven though the statistical theory of linear inverse problems is a well-studied topic, certain relevant cases remain open. Among these is the estimation of functions of bounded variation ($BV$), meaning $L^1$ functions on a $d$-dimensional domain whose weak first derivatives are finite Radon measures. The estimation of $BV$ functions is relevant in many applications, since it involves minimal smoothness assumptions and gives simplified, interpretable cartoonized reconstructions. In this paper, we propose a novel technique for estimating $BV$ functions in an inverse problem setting and provide theoretical guaranties by showing that the proposed estimator is minimax optimal up to logarithms with respect to the $L^q$-risk, for any $q\in [1,\infty )$. This is to the best of our knowledge the first convergence result for $BV$ functions in inverse problems in dimension $d\geq 2$, and it extends the results of Donoho (1995, Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal., 2, 101–126) in $d=1$. Furthermore, our analysis unravels a novel regime for large $q$ in which the minimax rate is slower than $n^{-1/(d+2\beta +2)}$, where $\beta$ is the degree of ill-posedness: our analysis shows that this slower rate arises from the low smoothness of $BV$ functions. The proposed estimator combines variational regularization techniques with the wavelet-vaguelette decomposition of operators.
Polarography as an Analytical Tool
Authors: Taylor John K 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Polarography is a useful analytical tool for determining many substances in solutions at small concentrations, and is frequently applied to analysis of minor constituents. Conventional polarography employs a dropping mercury electrode, can measure solutions in concentrations ranging from 10-2 to 10-5M, and requires only a few tenths of ml for analysis.
Because of the difficulty of obtaining diffusion control in practice, methods are comparative and involve empirical calibrations with standard solutions. Practical tolerances have been worked out to insure that results are reliable to 2 relative per cent. Interferences have been lessened by several means, e.g., complexing, separation by electrolysis at controlled potential, selective extraction, and improvements in circuitry to permit use of relatively dilute supporting electrolytes. Modified polarographic methods include solid electrodes, derivative polarography, differential polarography, cathode ray polarography, anodic stripping polarography, and oscillographic polarography.
Fluorometric Method for the Determination of Amprolium in Feeds
Authors: Kaxora J , Szalkowski C R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A fluorometric method for the analysis of amprolium in feeds is presented, the sensitivity, speeificity, and reproducibility of which are equivalent to the AOAC 2,7-napiithalenediol colorimetric method.
Reduction in extraction time, stability of reagents, and simplification of cleanup shorten the time for analysis by more than 50%. The method involves extraction with 5% aqueous trichloroacetic acid solution; development of a fluorophor with 30% aqueous sodium hydroxide, 5% aqueous silver nitrate, and 2% aqueous potassium ferricyanide; and measurement of fluorescence on a suitable photofluorometer. Various commercial unmedicated feeds gave apparent drug concentrations of less than 1 ppm. The same feeds, blended with amprolium at different levels, showed recoveries of 98 to 107%. No appreciable interference from other drugs was noted in the analysis for amprolium. However, bias was evident when antibiotics, except procaine penicillin and chlortetracycline, were mixed with amprolium. The method is applicable to feeds down to the 40 ppm level of amprolium.
Thiabendazole in Feeds
Authors: Szalkowski C R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A method for thiabendazole, 2-(4’-thiazolyl)-benzimidazole, was studied collaboratively. The thiabendazole is extracted from the feed with dilute hydrochloric acid, and any interferences are removed by adjusting the extract to pH 6-8 and extracting with chloroform. The thiabendazole is re-extracted with dilute hydrochloric acid; the acid solution is treated with p-phenylenediamine and reduced with zinc dust. Oxidation with ferric sulfate yields a blue complex which is extracted with butanol and measured at 600 mμ. Unmedicated commercial feeds assayed by this method show an apparent thiabendazole content of 0.2—2 ppm, indicating absence of serious interference. In studies of 20 other drugs added to feeds, only nithiazide, Enheptin, and sulfathiazole interfere. The method is recommended for adoption as official, first action.
Collaborative Comparison of Colorimetric and Potentiometric Methods for Parathion and Methyl Parathion in Formulations
Authors: Helrich Kenneth 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted to compare the official volumetric method for parathion with the first action colorimetric method, as revised. Two samples of 15% powders were tested. Simultaneously one sample of methyl parathion was submitted to each collaborator for analysis by the above methods and by an infrared procedure. Based on statistical analysis of collaborative results, the revised colorimetric method is recommended for adoption as official, final action; further study of methods for methyl parathion is considered necessary.
Titrimetric and Electro-deposition Methods for Determination of Copper Naphthenate
Authors: Hiatt Virgil G 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A titrimetric and an electro-deposition method for copper naphthenate were studied collaboratively. The titrimetric method involves shaking the sample with KI and ammonium bifluoride in aqueous solution and titrating the liberated iodine with standard thiosulfate solution. The electro-deposition method involves extracting the sample with (1 + 4) HNO3 and petroleum ether, and electrolyzing the solution at 2 amps. The titrimetric method is accurate and reproducible; the electro-deposition method showed over-all negative bias.
Chlorine Analysis by the Schoniger Oxygen Flask
Authors: Bontoyan Warren R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Preliminary study of the Schoniger oxygen flask method for chlorine in pesticides gave promising results. Of the four pesticides studied, combustion of DDT and HEOD was incomplete; combustion of chlordane and iso-octyl ester of 2,4,5-T was complete or nearly so. Collaborative study is planned.
Chromatographic Determination of Sulfoxide
Authors: Haus Joseph B , Manolev Lazar , Price Robert W 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A new method for the assay of technical sulfoxide involves separation of the sulfoxide by column chromatography on silicic acid by two successive eluting solutions, 2% acetone in chloroform and 10% acetone in chloroform, followed by ultraviolet spectrophotometry of the eluate at 256 and 288 mμ. Isosafrole, the thioether, and the sulfone are separated by the column.
Determination of Sevin Insecticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables
Authors: Johnson D P 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Collaborative study of a method for Sevin insecticide residues was repeated with apples and lettuce as test crops. The method is based on alkaline hydrolysis of Sevin and colorimetric determination of the resulting 1-naphthol with p-nitrobenzenediazonium fluoborate as chromogenic agent. Data from 5 collaborators were in good agreement with an average recovery of 87.8% at 2 concentration levels. It is recommended that the method be adopted as official, first action.
Screening Procedure for Organothiophosphate Pesticide Residues on Fruits and Vegetables by Microcoulometric Gas Chromatography
Authors: Nelson Richard C 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Mills-Onley-Gaither procedure for extraction and cleanup of chlorinated pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables was adapted for use in organothiophosphate residue screening. The acetonitrile extraction-petroleum ether shakeout was employed, and up to 5 g of sample was injected into a microcoulometric gas chromatograph with no further cleanup. The microplatinum cell, which titrates only sulfur, was used. Recoveries from “spiked” fruits and vegetables (average of 2—3 determinations) were: Systox, 33%; Delnav, 68%; Diazinon, 86%; Di-Syston, 85%; methyl parathion, 82%; parathion, 88%; malathion, 71%; ethion, 107%; Trithion, 94%; EPN, 78%. Satisfactory baselines were obtained on plums, peaches, cherries, grapes, carrots, lettuce, cabbage, cauliflower, asparagus, and celery. Standard parent compounds only were studied.
A Flame Ionization Detector Highly Selective and Sensitive to Phosphorus—A Sodium Thermionic Detector
Authors: Giuffrida Laupa 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A selective detector for use in a gas chromatography system for the detection of organophosphate pesticide residues in foods has been developed and investigated. The device consists of a conventional detector with a coat of a sodium salt fused onto the electrode. There are two requirements: sodium must be present and it must be heated. This sodium thermionic detector is highly selective in response to phosphorus in an organic compound. Other atoms generate some response also, but the relative sensitivity to phosphorus is so great that the sensitivity of the detector can be adjusted to measure essentially only phosphorus. The detector also responds selectively to halides but to a much lesser degree. The detector can detect and measure both organophosphate and chlorinated pesticide residues in a sample extract.
Paper Chromatographic Analysis of Chlorophenoxy Acids and Esters in Wheat
Authors: Yip George 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
2,4-D, MCP, 2,4-DB, 2,4,5-T, 2,4,5-TP, and esters of 2,4-D can be detected as residues on wheat by paper chromatography after cleanup. The cleaned up samples are also suitable for analysis by gas-liquid chromatography. Rf values are presented for each chlorophenoxy acid and ester. Dimethylformamide in ether (35%) as immobile phase and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane as mobile phase give better resolution of the methylated acids than 10% mineral oil in ether (immobile phase) and 50% acetonitrile in water (mobile phase).
Collaborative Studies on Methods for Nitrate and Nitrite in Meat
Authors: Landmann W A , Worland M C 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Results of collaborative studies on three nitrate and two nitrite methods were examined by statistical procedures of Youden. The FeCl2 procedure was again found lo be subject to extreme bias. A modified procedure employing m-xylenol gave results which were somewhat improved in precision over previous tests. However, the procedure was still subject to systematic errors and rather large random errors resulting in only fair precision. A direct nitrate method based on color development with brucine was highly variable and unsatisfactory. The colorimetric procedure for nitrite, using Griess reagent, appeared to be relatively free of bias, but had only fair precision, and its usefulness is limited by the high standard deviation. An iodometric procedure, based on liberation of iodine from KI solution by the nitrite and titration with thiosulfate, proved to be quite precise and subject only to small bias, within acceptable limits of procedure. This method was far superior to the colorimetric method and should be adopted as official, first action for dry cure mix and pickle mix.
A Study of the Ammonium Phosphomolybdate Method for P2O5 by National Plant Food Institute's Phosphorus Task Force
Authors: Harwell A O , Parks K L , Harwood W W , Barker J E 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The volumetric ammonium molybdate method for P2O5 has been studied intensively. Accuracy and precision are improved by adhering to more explicit directions for application. The method is applicable to fertilizer materials and is considered "rugged." End point identification and solution standardizat ion are important steps, requiring the exercise of care and control.
Collaborative Studies of Official Methods for Determining Water in Fertilizers
Authors: Caro Joseph H 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The oven method for total water was studied by 18 collaborators and the vacuum desiccation method for free water by 13 others. Eleven materials were tested in each study, six of which were common to both. In the oven method, precision of results was only fair, but much of the variability could be attributed to causes other than the imprecision of the method. When the findings were corrected to show only the latter, the method yielded precise results on 8 of the 11 samples. Laboratories using mechanical-convection ovens agreed well with those employing gravity-convection types. Three collaborators submitted results that were biased, as judged by the Youden ranking method. In the vacuum desiccator study, collaborators agreed well on all but three materials; the spread of these results was ascribed to in-sample variability. One collaborator exhibited bias, probably because of use of P2O5 rather than Mg(C104)2 as desiccant. Several obviously inaccurate results were submitted by collaborators, pointing up the need to maintain a disciplined technique even in this simple method.