bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SDCCP: Control the network using software‐defined networking and end‐to‐end congestion control
Authors: Lin Jiashuo , Liao Liping , Wang Tao , Zhang Jun , Cheng Lianglun 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThe Internet of Things is becoming widely popular in the past decade, which comes with huge amount of data. These magnanimous data, stored in data centers, put forward the new demand for the efficient management of the network. In this article, we propose Software‐Defined Congestion Control Plane (SDCCP), a hybrid network control architecture that aims to fully utilize the network while avoiding congestion. SDCCP is based on Software‐Defined Networking and CCP, in which the controller collects the network statistics and specifies the behavior of the end‐to‐end hosts by sending feedback or modifying their transport layer parameters directly. It can also be used to mitigate Distributed Denial of Service attacks and other security problems. In addition, we propose FCA, a Feedback‐based Congestion Avoidance algorithm running on SDCCP, which adapts the congestion window based on the feedback from the remote controller. We evaluate SDCCP and FCA in Mininet and the result shows that FCA can achieve high network utilization while keeping the queue length of the routers in a low level. Also, FCA is robust to noncongestion loss, and outperforms other algorithms at high loss rate.
Drosophila suzukii wing spot size is robust to developmental temperature
Authors: Varón‐González Ceferino , Fraimout Antoine , Debat Vincent 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPhenotypic plasticity is an important mechanism allowing adaptation to new environments and as such it has been suggested to facilitate biological invasions. Under this assumption, invasive populations are predicted to exhibit stronger plastic responses than native populations. Drosophila suzukii is an invasive species whose males harbor a spot on the wing tip. In this study, by manipulating developmental temperature, we compare the phenotypic plasticity of wing spot size of two invasive populations with that of a native population. We then compare the results with data obtained from wild‐caught flies from different natural populations. While both wing size and spot size are plastic to temperature, no difference in plasticity was detected between native and invasive populations, rejecting the hypothesis of a role of the wing‐spot plasticity in the invasion success. In contrast, we observed a remarkable stability in the spot‐to‐wing ratio across temperatures, as well as among geographic populations. This stability suggests either that the spot relative size is under stabilizing selection, or that its variation might be constrained by a tight developmental correlation between spot size and wing size. Our data show that this correlation was lost at high temperature, leading to an increased variation in the relative spot size, particularly marked in the two invasive populations. This suggests: (a) that D. suzukii's development is impaired by hot temperatures, in agreement with the cold‐adapted status of this species; (b) that the spot size can be decoupled from wing size, rejecting the hypothesis of an absolute constraint and suggesting that the wing color pattern might be under stabilizing (sexual) selection; and (c) that such sexual selection might be relaxed in the invasive populations. Finally, a subtle but consistent directional asymmetry in spot size was detected in favor of the right side in all populations and temperatures, possibly indicative of a lateralized sexual behavior.
Inter‐ and intraspecific variation of spider mite susceptibility to fungal infections: Implications for the long‐term success of biological control
Authors: Zélé Flore , Altıntaş Mustafa , Santos Inês , Cakmak Ibrahim , Magalhães Sara 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSpider mites are severe pests of several annual and perennial crops worldwide, often causing important economic damages. As rapid evolution of pesticide resistance in this group hampers the efficiency of chemical control, alternative control strategies, such as the use of entomopathogenic fungi, are being developed. However, while several studies have focused on the evaluation of the control potential of different fungal species and/or isolates as well as their compatibility with other control methods (e.g., predators or chemical pesticides), knowledge on the extent of inter‐ and intraspecific variation in spider mite susceptibility to fungal infection is as yet incipient. Here, we measured the mortality induced by two generalist fungi,Beauveria bassianaandMetarhizium brunneum, in 12 spider mite populations belonging to differentTetranychusspecies:T. evansi,T. ludeni, andT. urticae(green and red form), within a full factorial experiment. We found that spider mite species differed in their susceptibility to infection by both fungal species. Moreover, we also found important intraspecific variation for this trait. These results draw caution on the development of single strains as biocontrol agents. Indeed, the high level of intraspecific variation suggests that (a) the one‐size‐fits‐all strategy may fail to control spider mite populations and (b) hosts resistance to infection may evolve at a rapid pace. Finally, we propose future directions to better understand this system and improve the long‐term success of spider mite control strategies based on entomopathogenic fungi.
Multiple ecological processes underpin the eruptive dynamics of small mammals: House mice in a semi‐arid agricultural environment
Authors: Brown Peter R. , Arthur Anthony D. , Jones Dean A. , Davies Micah J. , Grice David , Pech Roger P. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Mouse plagues are a regular feature of grain‐growing regions, particularly in southern and eastern Australia, yet it is not clear what role various ecological processes play in the eruptive dynamics generating these outbreaks.

This research was designed to assess the impact of adding food, water, and cover in all combinations on breeding performance, abundance, and survival of mouse populations on a typical cereal growing farm in northwestern Victoria.

Supplementary food, water, and cover were applied in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design to 240 m sections of internal fence lines between wheat or barley crops and stubble/pasture fields over an 11‐month period to assess the impact on mouse populations.

We confirmed that mice were eating the additional food and were accessing the water provided. We did not generate an outbreak of mice, but there were some significant effects from the experimental treatments. Additional food increased population size twofold and improved apparent survival. Both water and cover improved breeding performance. Food and cover increased apparent survival.

Our findings confirm that access to food, water, and cover are necessary for outbreaks, but are not sufficient. There remain additional factors that are important in generating mouse plagues, particularly in a climatically variable agricultural environment.
Mortal consequences of a cooperative action between Takotsubo syndrome and increased intracranial pressure
Authors: Alfano Gennaro , Ciervo Deasy , Migliore Teresa , Sorbo Antonia , Ariello Manuela , Vitale Andrea , Laukkanen Mikko O. , Del Gaudio Salvatore 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAn elderly patient with head injury was registered to the emergency room. Because the patient arrived to the hospital unconscious, her cranial, cerebrovascular, and cardiac function was studied. The cardiac function measurements were (i) heart rate, (ii) blood pressure, (iii) oxygen saturation level, (iv) electrocardiogram (ECG), (v) coronary angiogram, (vi) chest computerized tomography (CT), and (vii) echocardiogram. The head damage was studied by cerebral CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The serum ischemia and inflammatory biomarkers were analysed. For the immediate treatment, the patient received cardiovascular system supporting medication. The cardiac diagnostic results were (i) the ECG suggested an elevation in the left ventricular systolic function, (ii) the blood test showed neutrophilia, increased creatine and increased troponin I kinase values, and (iii) the coronary angiogram and ECG analysis demonstrated a lack of a myocardial infarction but identified apical akinesia. The patient did not have previous symptoms of cardiovascular disease. The brain imaging demonstrated (iv) an acute ischemia in the left occipital area and (v) increased intracranial pressure. Brain MRI indicated (vi) aqueductal stenosis and (vii) multiple gliomatotic foci demonstrating hydrocephalus caused by gliomatosis cerebri. A chest CT indicated (viii) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). One week later, the patient died because of cardiac arrest. The diagnosis was Takotsubo syndrome enforced by gliomatosis cerebri and COPD. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in which the cardiac dysfunction of the patient is associated with gliomatosis cerebri‐derived hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure that together with COPD may have enhanced the negative clinical outcome.
A Biosilification Fusion Protein for a ‘Self‐immobilising’ Sarcosine Oxidase Amperometric Enzyme Biosensor
Authors: Chen Si , Hall Elizabeth A. H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMonomeric sarcosine oxidase (mSOx) fusion with the silaffin peptide, R5, designed previously for easy protein production in low resource areas, was used in a biosilification process to form an enzyme layer electrode biosensor. mSOx is a low activity enzyme (10–20 U/mg) requiring high amounts of enzyme to obtain an amperometric biosensor signal, in the clinically useful range <1 mM sarcosine, especially since the Km is >10 mM. An amperometric biosensor model was fitted to experimental data to investigate dynamic range. mSOx constructs were designed with 6H (6×histidine) and R5 (silaffin) peptide tags and compared with native mSOx. Glutaraldehyde (GA) cross‐linked proteins retained ∼5 % activity for mSOx and mSOx‐6H and only 0.5 % for mSOx‐R5. In contrast R5 catalysed biosilification on (3‐mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS) particles created a ‘self‐immobilisation’ matrix retaining 40 % and 76 % activity respectively. The TMOS matrix produced a thick layer (>500 μm) on a glassy carbon electrode with a mediated current due to sarcosine in the clinical range for sarcosinemia (0–1 mM). The mSOx‐R5 fusion protein was also used to catalyse biosilification in the presence of creatinase and creatininase, entrapping all three enzymes. A mediated GC enzyme linked current was obtained with dynamic range available for creatinine determination of 0.1–2 mM for an enzyme layer ∼800 nm.
Intelligent design optimization of battery pack enclosure for electric vehicle by considering cold‐spraying as an additive manufacturing technology
Authors: Pal Santanu Kumar , Singh Surinder , Singh Harpreet , Le Phung My Loan , Yooyen Somaseak , Sleesongsom Suwin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractVibrations shocks induced during working conditions cause stresses and deformations of the battery case parts and heating may cause fire, which affects vehicle safety. Hence, the battery case and its parts should be of better mechanical features and lightweight to make the vehicle more efficient and safer. To achieve all the requirements, cold spraying found to be the potential technology for additive manufacturing the parts with better conductivities and lesser porosities as compared to the parts produced by conventional methods. Therefore, this article has proposed a consideration of the cold spray technology to improve the mechanical performances of the battery casing, including maximizing the minimum natural frequency, and minimizing the maximum deformation. ANSYS Workbench has been used for finite element modeling of battery pack enclosures. The model of the battery pack enclosures has been analyzed by obtaining the natural frequencies of the order 10. Further, static analysis has been performed to get the maximum deformation. Finally, a parametric model has been established and multiobjective optimization has been performed. The results obtained with the cold sprayed process show that the value of maximum deformation is being lowered by 59.49% and has a much higher value of natural frequency than that obtained with conventional methods.
Socio‐economic and dietary diversity characteristics are associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care services in public health centers of Kembata Tembaro Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Samuel Semalign , Darebo Teshale , Desta Derese Tamiru , Mulugeta Afework 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAnemia affects every country in the world including Ethiopia. It costs the socio‐economic developments due to its health impacts. This study was aimed to determine socio‐demographic and dietary diversity and other factors associated with anemia among pregnant women in Kembata Tembaro Zone. Institution‐based cross‐sectional study design was employed. Data were collected from 423 pregnant women. Hemoglobin level was measured by Hemocue. Pretested interviewer‐administered close‐ended questionnaire was used to collect the data. Analysis was done using SPSS for windows version 20. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted. We found that overall prevalence of anemia was 18%. Less than half (43.3%) of the respondents visited the health centers for antenatal care follow‐up at least once during their pregnancy time. Only 20.1% consumed more than five food preceding 24 hr. 59.3% of the respondents were taking iron supplements during data collection time. Anemia was significantly associated with the lowest wealth index, formal education, women's occupation, husband occupation, low dietary diversity, and inadequate intake of iron‐rich foods, history of malaria infection, maternal age, and parity. Anemia was of mild public health concern in the study area. The uptake of antenatal care service for the recommended number of visits and iron folic acid supplementation and the diet diversity was low in the pregnant women. The prevalence of anemia was mild public health concern. The early and timely uptake of iron folic acid supplementation was poor. Dietary diversity and consumption of iron‐rich foods was found to be low. Thus, community mobilization and health education to improve the uptake of the antenatal care services, increase micronutrient intake through food based and control of infections are recommended.
Insurance status and head and neck radiotherapy interruption disparities in the Mid‐Southern United States
Authors: Yarn Charles , Wakefield Daniel V. , Spencer Sharon , Martin Michelle Y. , Pisu Maria , Schwartz David L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundRelationships between health insurance coverage and radiotherapy (RT) interruption rates in patients with head and neck (H&N) cancer remain unclear.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study at our academic center. Days of RT interruption for individual patients were tabulated, analyzed for explanatory variables, and geographically mapped.Results894 of 7526 (11.9%) scheduled treatment days were interrupted, impacting 149 of 216 (69%) patients. Medicaid/uninsured patients experienced a 7.3 day mean interruption (SD = 9.9) vs 3.4 days (SD = 5.2) for Medicare/private patients (P < .001). RT interruption was predicted by insurance status in multivariate analysis (P = .008). Higher RT interruption rates overlapped geospatially with low predicted median household income and racial minority neighborhoods.ConclusionUnplanned treatment interruptions are a key source for H&N RT quality shortfalls in Medicaid/uninsured patients. This is the first geographic benchmarking of H&N RT delivery disparities across a complete metropolitan region, and will guide interventions studies to reduce interruption risk.
Hurdles to debt relief for “no income no assets” debtors in Germany: A case study of failed consumer bankruptcy law reforms
Authors: Heuer Jan‐Ocko 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGiven that many overindebted households have low or no assets and income, governments have increasingly tried to adapt their consumer bankruptcy regimes to the needs and capacities of these NINA (“no income, no assets”) debtors. Most notably, since the mid‐2000s, some countries from the Anglosphere have created low‐cost, means‐tested, and administrative (i.e., nonjudicial) debt relief procedures as alternative to traditional bankruptcy for NINA debtors. By contrast, in some European countries such as Germany, legislators have tried—but until today failed—to create efficient debt relief measures for NINA debtors. This contribution aims to make English‐speaking readers familiar with the history of consumer insolvency law in Germany, with a focus on legislative developments regarding NINA debtors, and to identify actors, institutions, and ideas that have contributed—especially during the 2000s—to the failure of consumer bankruptcy reforms addressing the main problems of NINA cases in Germany (i.e., high hurdles to relief for debtors, high administrative efforts for trustees and courts, high costs for the public purse, and yet very few payments to creditors). The German case is relevant not only because it is a striking case of failure to adapt a debt relief regime to NINA debtors but also because German consumer bankruptcy law—despite its shortcomings—continues to serve as a template for insolvency law reforms in European and other countries.
Macromolecular Superstructures: A Future Beyond Single Chain Nanoparticles
Authors: Frisch Hendrik , Tuten Bryan T. , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOver the last 100 years polymer chemistry has flourished in all areas and enabled control over synthetic polymer architectures – including chain lengths, dispersity and monomer sequences. Compared to the architectures of biomacromolecules, these scientific achievements mainly took place on the level of primary structures. The plethora of functions carried out by proteins in nature, however, does not only result from their primary structure, but from its folding into perfectly defined 3D structures. Striving towards a similar architectural control and function in synthetic polymers, the field of single chain nanoparticles (SCNPs) emerged. In this review, we analyze the state of the art and identify what is currently standing between polymer chemistry and perfectly controlled synthetic macromolecular architectures. Based on the current challenges in the field of SCNPs, we discuss potential avenues to break today's barriers and explore future applications reaching beyond the current‐state‐of‐the‐art.
Enantioselective Catalysis of an Anionic Oxy‐Cope Rearrangement Enabled by Synergistic Ion Binding
Authors: Kennedy C. Rose , Choi Bo Young , Reeves Mary‐Grace R. , Jacobsen Eric N. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCharge‐accelerated rearrangements present interesting challenges to enantioselective catalysis, due in large part to the competing requirements for maximizing reactivity (ion‐pair separation) and stereochemical communication. Herein, we describe application of a synergistic ion‐binding strategy to catalyze the anionic oxy‐Cope rearrangement of a symmetric bis‐styrenyl allyl alcohol in up to 75 : 25 e.r. Structure‐reactivity‐selectivity relationship studies, including linear free‐energy‐relationship analyses, with bifunctional urea catalysts indicate that H‐bonding and cation‐binding interactions act cooperatively to promote the chemo‐ and enantioselective [3,3]‐rearrangement. Implications for catalyst designs applicable to other transformations involving oxyanionic intermediates are discussed.
Lessons learned from immunoadsorption for hyperviscosity in IgM multiple myeloma—A case report
Authors: Gauckler Philipp , Leierer Johannes , Kocher Florian , Feistritzer Clemens , Willenbacher Wolfgang , Gunsilius Eberhard , Wolf Dominik , Neuwirt Hannes , Mayer Gert , Kronbichler Andreas 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe report the case of a 63‐year‐old Caucasian woman with multiple relapsed IgM multiple myeloma (MM) and elevated free kappa light chains (fκLC). Due to hyperviscosity syndrome with visual impairment, regular plasma exchanges were performed. As part of her 11th line of therapy, an experimental protocol consisting of pembrolizumab, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone was initiated. To reduce fκLC and immunoglobulin (Ig) M, we performed immunoadsorption (IA) using columns containing recombinant single domain camelid antibody fragments as ligands. We measured pembrolizumab (humanized IgG4 kappa anti‐PD1 antibody) levels before and after each IA session and found a 98.1% reduction from baseline with five sessions of IA. Comparable elimination kinetics were observed for serum IgG, whereas fκLC and IgM were eliminated to a substantially lesser extent. These findings highlight that in hyperviscosity syndrome due to IgM MM, broad spectrum IA columns might be only moderately effective compared to total plasma exchange or double filtration plasmapheresis. Monoclonal antibodies are efficiently reduced by extracorporeal therapies and re‐dosing is necessary to provide sufficient efficacy. In the case of serious adverse events such as immune‐related adverse events, IA might be used to eliminate the monoclonal antibody. Measuring IgG levels might be a reasonable strategy for monitoring drug levels of monoclonal antibodies during IA.
Identification of two CUL7 variants in two Chinese families with 3‐M syndrome by whole‐exome sequencing
Authors: Hu Li , Wang Xike , Jin Tingting , Han Yuanyuan , Liu Juan , Jiang Minmin , Yan Shujuan , Fu Xiaoling , An Bangquan , Huang Shengwen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground3‐M syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by primordial growth retardation, large head circumference, characteristic facial features, and mild skeletal changes, which is associated with the exclusive variants in three genes, namely CUL7, OBSL1, and CCDC8. Only a few 3‐M syndrome patients have been reported in Chinese population.MethodsChildren with unexplained severe short stature, facial dysmorphism, and normal intelligence in two Chinese families and their relatives were enrolled. Trio‐whole‐exome sequencing (trio‐WES) and pathogenicity prediction analysis were conducted on the recruited patients. A conservative analysis of the mutant amino acid sequences and function prediction analysis of the wild‐type (WT) and mutant CUL7 protein were performed.ResultsWe identified a homozygous missense variant (NM_014780.4: c.4898C > T, p.Thr1633Met) in CUL7 gene in a 6‐month‐old female infant from a non‐consanguineous family, and a homozygous frameshift variant (NM_014780.4: c.3722_3749 dup GGCTGGCACAGCTGCAGCAATGCCTGCA, p. Val1252Glyfs*23) in CUL7 gene in two affected siblings from a consanguinity family. These two variants may affect the properties and structure of CUL7 protein.ConclusionThese two rare variants were observed in Chinese population for the first time and have not been reported in the literature. Our findings expand the variant spectrum of 3‐M syndrome in Chinese population and provide valuable insights into the early clinical manifestations and pathogenesis of 3‐M syndrome for pediatricians and endocrinologists.