bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attempt to Prevent Drowsiness by Heat Dissipation Control
Authors: Nagumo Kent , Bando Shizuka , Oiwa Kosuke , Asano Hirotoshi , Nozawa Akio 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDrowsiness is the main cause of traffic accidents. To improve safety while driving, a system to detect a decrease in drivers' awareness and to prevent drivers' drowsiness is desirable. In humans, increased skin temperature and increased heat dissipation precede the onset of sleep. The authors, with the hypothesis that control of heat dissipation affects drowsiness level, developed a heat dissipation control system. Experimental evaluation of the relationship between heat dissipation and drowsiness level suggested that control of heat dissipation is effective in preventing drowsiness. © 2020 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
An opinion on issues for future investigation of the water management of Greater Angkor
Authors: Fletcher Roland 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe urban complex of Greater Angkor, the capital of the Khmer state from the 9th to the 14th–15th century CE, was a vast, convoluted settlement of rice fields, residential structures, shrines, roadways and water systems. Because the urban landscape was repeatedly remodeled on a massive scale the settlement plan is a complicated palimpsest of additions and remodeling that drastically altered earlier settlement configurations and water management features. Consequently, older settlements and structures in Greater Angkor are either buried or altered by later construction. The purpose of this paper is to offer an opinion about key issues which might be pursued or assessed concerning the development of water management in Angkor. The paper is about opinions because the physical evidence that is currently observable on and in the ground is partial, much is obscured and some is scarcely accessible. Further vigorous inquiry into water network of Greater Angkor is crucial for local cultural history and has serious, global implications for the vulnerability of very large, low‐density urban settlements which are confronted by extreme climate instability.This article is categorized under:
Human Water > Water as Imagined and Represented
Human Water > Water Governance
The MolSSI QCArchive project: An open‐source platform to compute, organize, and share quantum chemistry data
Authors: Smith Daniel G. A. , Altarawy Doaa , Burns Lori A. , Welborn Matthew , Naden Levi N. , Ward Logan , Ellis Sam , Pritchard Benjamin P. , Crawford T. Daniel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Molecular Sciences Software Institute's (MolSSI) Quantum Chemistry Archive (QCArchive) project is an umbrella name that covers both a central server hosted by MolSSI for community data and the Python‐based software infrastructure that powers automated computation and storage of quantum chemistry (QC) results. The MolSSI‐hosted central server provides the computational molecular sciences community a location to freely access tens of millions of QC computations for machine learning, methodology assessment, force‐field fitting, and more through a Python interface. Facile, user‐friendly mining of the centrally archived quantum chemical data also can be achieved through web applications found at https://qcarchive.molssi.org. The software infrastructure can be used as a standalone platform to compute, structure, and distribute hundreds of millions of QC computations for individuals or groups of researchers at any scale. The QCArchive Infrastructure is open‐source (BSD‐3C), code repositories can be found at https://github.com/MolSSI, and releases can be downloaded via PyPI and Conda.This article is categorized under:
Electronic Structure Theory > Ab Initio Electronic Structure Methods
Software > Quantum Chemistry
Data Science > Computer Algorithms and Programming
Spherical contours, IR divergences and the geometry of Feynman parameter integrands at one loop
Authors: Srikant Akshay Yelleshpur 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Spherical contours introduced in [1] translate the concept of “discontinuity across a branch cut” to Feynman parameter space. In this paper, we further explore spherical contours and connect them to the computation of leading IR divergences of 1 loop graphs directly in Feynman parameter space. These spherical contours can be used to develop a Feynman parameter space analog of “Leading Singularities” of loop integrands which allows us to develop a method of determining Feynman parameter integrands without the need to sum over Feynman diagrams in momentum space. Finally, we explore some interesting features of Feynman parameter integrands in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM.
A personalised screening strategy for diabetic retinopathy: a cost-effectiveness perspective
Authors: Emamipour Sajad , van der Heijden Amber A. W. A. , Nijpels Giel , Elders Petra , Beulens Joline W. J. , Postma Maarten J. , van Boven Job F. M. , Feenstra Talitha L. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
In this study we examined the cost-effectiveness of three different screening strategies for diabetic retinopathy: using a personalised adaptive model, annual screening (fixed intervals), and the current Dutch guideline (stratified based on previous retinopathy grade).

Methods
For each individual, optimal diabetic retinopathy screening intervals were determined, using a validated risk prediction model. Observational data (1998–2017) from the Hoorn Diabetes Care System cohort of people with type 2 diabetes were used (n = 5514). The missing values of retinopathy grades were imputed using two scenarios of slow and fast sight-threatening retinopathy (STR) progression. By comparing the model-based screening intervals to observed time to develop STR, the number of delayed STR diagnoses was determined. Costs were calculated using the healthcare perspective and the societal perspective. Finally, outcomes and costs were compared for the different screening strategies.

Results
For the fast STR progression scenario, personalised screening resulted in 11.6% more delayed STR diagnoses and €11.4 less costs per patient compared to annual screening from a healthcare perspective. The personalised screening model performed better in terms of timely diagnosis of STR (8.8% less delayed STR diagnosis) but it was slightly more expensive (€1.8 per patient from a healthcare perspective) than the Dutch guideline strategy.

Conclusions/interpretation
The personalised diabetic retinopathy screening model is more cost-effective than the Dutch guideline screening strategy. Although the personalised screening strategy was less effective, in terms of timely diagnosis of STR patients, than annual screening, the number of delayed STR diagnoses is low and the cost saving is considerable. With around one million people with type 2 diabetes in the Netherlands, implementing this personalised model could save €11.4 million per year compared with annual screening, at the cost of 658 delayed STR diagnoses with a maximum delayed time to diagnosis of 48 months.

Graphical abstract
Coverage of the requirements of first and second level stroke unit in Italy
Authors: Bandettini di Poggio Monica , Toni Danilo , Gandolfo Carlo , Paolicelli Damiano , Zini Andrea , Agostoni Elio , Bandini Fabio , Ragno Michele , Altavista Maria Concetta , Bertolotto Antonio , Siciliano Gabriele , Vecchio Michele , Tambasco Nicola , Gambardella Antonio , Manganotti Paolo , Melis Maurizio , Onofrj Marco , De Michele Giuseppe , Reale Nicoletta , Tedeschi Gioacchino , Mancardi GianLuigi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background and aim
In the scientific literature, there is unanimous consensus that hospitalization in stroke unit (SU) is the most important treatment for stroke patients. In this regard, the Act number 70/2015 by the Italian government identified specific skills that contribute to a classification of SU and outlined a “hub and spoke” stroke network. The aim of our study was to check the coverage of requirements of first and second level SU in the national territory and to shed light on any deficit or misdistribution of resources.

Material and methods
In 2019, a survey on the current situation related to stroke care in Italy was carried out by the Italian Society of Neurology (SIN), The Italian Stroke Organization (ISO), and the Association for the Fight against Stroke (A.L.I.Ce).

Results
First level SU was found to be 58 against a requirement, according to the Act 70/2015, of 240. Second level SU was found to be 52 compared with an expected requirement of 60. Neurointerventionists were 280 nationally, with a requirement of 240. A misdistribution of resources within individual regions was often seen.

Conclusions
The survey demonstrated a severe shortage of beds dedicated to cerebrovascular diseases, mainly because of lack of first level SU, especially in central and southern Italy. It also suggests that the current hub and spoke system is not yet fully implemented across the country and that resources should be better distributed in order to ensure uniform and fair care for all stroke patients on the whole territory.
Economic feasibility analysis and optimization of hybrid renewable energy systems for rural electrification in Peru
Authors: Rinaldi Fabio , Moghaddampoor Farzad , Najafi Behzad , Marchesi Renzo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The majority of rural communities in developing countries (such as Peru) are not connected to the electrical grid. Hybrid energy production from available renewable resources (e.g., wind and solar) and diesel engines is considered as an economically viable and environmentally friendly alternative for electrification in these areas. Motivated by the lack of a comprehensive investigation dedicated to the techno-economic analysis of hybrid systems (PV–wind–diesel) for off-grid electrification in Peru, the present work is focused on determining the optimal configuration of these systems for remote Peruvian villages. Three small communities without access to the grid (Campo serio, El potrero, and Silicucho), which are located in different climatic zones of Peru, have been accordingly selected as case studies. Seven different configurations including single component systems (solar, wind, and diesel) and hybrid ones are considered. While taking into account the meteorological data and load characteristics of the communities along with the diesel fuel’s price and the cost of components, HOMER software is utilized to determine the optimal sizing of the system [resulting in the lowest net present cost (NPC)] considering different scenarios. The obtained configurations are then compared considering other state-of-the-art economic indices [initial capital cost, total annual operating cost, and the cost of energy (COE)], the generation fractions, and the resulting CO2 emissions. The obtained results have revealed that, for all of the investigated communities, the hybrid solar–wind–diesel system is the most economically viable scenario. Considering the latter scenario, the obtained optimal configuration leads to an NPC of USD 227,335 (COE: 0.478 USD/kWh) for Campo serio, USD 183,851 (COE: 0.460 USD/kWh) for El potrero, and USD 146,583 (COE: 0.504 USD/kWh) for Silicucho. Furthermore, employing the optimal configurations a renewable fraction (with respect to the total generation) of 94% is obtained for Campo serio and Silicucho, while the achieved renewable fraction for El potrero is 97%. Moreover, for the case of Campo serio, the resulting CO2 emission of the obtained optimal system is determined to be 6.1% of that of a diesel-only unit, while the latter ratio is determined to be 2.7% for El potrero and 9.9% for that of Silicucho. The optimal configurations that are obtained and presented in the present paper can be utilized as guideline for designing electrification systems (with a minimized cost) for the considered communities and other villages with similar characteristics (population and climatic conditions).

Graphic abstract
Active tyrosine phenol-lyase aggregates induced by terminally attached functional peptides in Escherichia coli
Authors: Han Hongmei , Zeng Weizhu , Zhang Guoqiang , Zhou Jingwen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The formation of inclusion bodies (IBs) without enzyme activity in bacterial research is generally undesirable. Researchers have attempted to recovery the enzyme activities of IBs, which are commonly known as active IBs. Tyrosine phenol-lyase (TPL) is an important enzyme that can convert pyruvate and phenol into 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine (L-DOPA) and IBs of TPL can commonly occur. To induce the correct folding and recover the enzyme activity of the IBs, peptides, such as ELK16, DKL6, L6KD, ELP10, ELP20, L6K2, EAK16, 18A, and GFIL16, were fused to the carboxyl terminus of TPL. The results showed that aggregate particles of TPL-DKL6, TPL-ELP10, TPL-EAK16, TPL-18A, and TPL-GFIL16 improved the enzyme activity by 40.9%, 50.7%, 48.9%, 86.6%, and 97.9%, respectively. The peptides TPL-DKL6, TPL-EAK16, TPL-18A, and TPL-GFIL16 displayed significantly improved thermostability compared with TPL. L-DOPA titer of TPL-ELP10, TPL-EAK16, TPL-18A, and TPL-GFIL16, with cells reaching 37.8 g/L, 53.8 g/L, 37.5 g/L, and 29.1 g/L, had an improvement of 111%, 201%, 109%, and 63%, respectively. A higher activity and L-DOPA titer of the TPL-EAK16 could be valuable for its industrial application to biosynthesize L-DOPA.
How is COVID-19 Affecting the Mental Health of Children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities and Their Families?
Authors: Asbury Kathryn , Fox Laura , Deniz Emre , Code Aimee , Toseeb Umar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractParents of children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities in the UK (n = 241) were asked to describe the impact of COVID-19 on their own mental health and that of their child. An inductive content analysis of the data was undertaken. Both parents and children appear to be experiencing loss, worry and changes in mood and behaviour as a result of the rapid social changes that have occurred. Some parents reported feeling overwhelmed and described the impact of child understanding and awareness. Finally, a minority of parents reported that COVID-19 has had little impact on mental health in their family, or has even led to improvements. Implications for how to support these families in the immediate future are discussed.
Predicting site-specific storm wave run-up
Authors: Fiedler Julia W. , Young Adam P. , Ludka Bonnie C. , O’Reilly William C. , Henderson Cassandra , Merrifield Mark A. , Guza R. T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractStorm wave run-up causes beach erosion, wave overtopping, and street flooding. Extreme runup estimates may be improved, relative to predictions from general empirical formulae with default parameter values, by using historical storm waves and eroded profiles in numerical runup simulations. A climatology of storm wave run-up at Imperial Beach, California is developed using the numerical model SWASH, and over a decade of hindcast spectral waves and observed depth profiles. For use in a local flood warning system, the relationship between incident wave energy spectra E(f) and SWASH-modeled shoreline water levels is approximated with the numerically simple integrated power law approximation (IPA). Broad and multi-peaked E(f) are accommodated by characterizing wave forcing with frequency-weighted integrals of E(f). This integral approach improves runup estimates compared to the more commonly used bulk parameterization using deep water wave height $$H_0$$

H
0

and deep water wavelength $$L_0$$

L
0

Hunt (Trans Am Soc Civ Eng 126(4):542–570, 1961) and Stockdon et al. (Coast Eng 53(7):573–588, 2006. 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2005.12.005). Scaling of energy and frequency contributions in IPA, determined by searching parameter space for the best fit to SWASH, show an $$H_0L_0$$

H
0

L
0

scaling is near optimal. IPA performance is tested with LiDAR observations of storm run-up, which reached 2.5 m above the offshore water level, overtopped backshore riprap, and eroded the foreshore beach slope. Driven with estimates from a regional wave model and observed $$\beta _f$$

β
f

, the IPA reproduced observed run-up with $$<30\%$$

<
30
%

error. However, errors in model physics, depth profile, and incoming wave predictions partially cancelled. IPA (or alternative empirical forms) can be calibrated (using SWASH or similar) for sites where historical waves and eroded bathymetry are available.
Quality evaluation of Angelicae acutilobae radix: individual differences and localization of (Z)-ligustilide in Angelica acutiloba root
Authors: Kudo Yoshitomi , Ando Hirokazu , Sasaki Yohei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIt has been difficult to evaluate the quality of Angelicae acutilobae Radix (Toki) because of large differences in the contents of its chemical constituents. In this research, we revealed individual differences and localization of (Z)-ligustilide in Toki cultivated and processed under the same conditions. Thirteen Toki samples (dry weight: 68.2 g–132.3 g) were divided and categorized into 13 parts and the (Z)-ligustilide content of each part was quantified. Total (Z)-ligustilide content ranged from 0.08% to 0.22% and the maximum difference between samples was approximately 2.8-fold. In addition, the localization of (Z)-ligustilide was examined. (Z)-Ligustilide content was the highest in lateral root at 0.19%, followed by main root at 0.13%, and the lowest in root head at 0.09%. Furthermore, the content tended to increase as the root became thinner. In particular, the difference in content between the inner side of upper root head (removed 5 mm from the epidermis 0.06%) and the 1.1–3.0 mm in diameter lateral root (0.24%) was largest at approximately 4.1-fold. We revealed that not only differences among individuals but also localization is a factor affecting the quality of Toki. In contrast, individuals with higher root part (main root + lateral root) weight ratio in whole root dry weight had higher (Z)-ligustilide content. The difference in (Z)-ligustilide content among individuals is due to the balance between root head part and root other than head part. It is possible to predict (Z)-ligustilide content from weight ratio of root part to whole root.
Evaluation of Volumetric Change of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Patients Treated with Thrombolysis for Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Authors: Staub-Bartelt Franziska , van Lieshout Jasper Hans , Beez Thomas , Kram Rainer , Hänggi Daniel , Beseoglu Kerim 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is often caused by irruption of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) of basal ganglia or thalamus into the ventricular system. Instillation of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) via an external ventricular drainage (EVD) has been shown to effectively decrease IVH volumes while the impact of rtPA instillation on ICH volumes remains unclear. In this series, we analyzed volumetric changes of ICH in patients with and without intrathecal lysis therapy.

Methods
Between 01/2013 and 01/2019, 36 patients with IVH caused by hemorrhage of basal ganglia, thalamus or brain stem were treated with rtPA via an EVD (Group A). Initial volumes were determined in the first available computed tomography (CT) scan, final volumes in the last CT scan before discharge. During the same period, 41 patients with ICH without relevant IVH were treated without intrathecal lysis therapy at our neurocritical care unit (Group B). Serial CT scans were evaluated separately for changes in ICH volumes for both cohorts using OsiriX DICOM viewer. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed for statistical analysis in not normally distributed variables.

Results
Median initial volume of ICH for treatment Group A was 6.5 ml and was reduced to 5.0 ml after first instillation of rtPA (p < 0.01). Twenty-six patients received a second treatment with rtPA (ICH volume reduction 4.5 to 3.3 ml, p < 0.01) and of this cohort further 16 patients underwent a third treatment (ICH volume reduction 3.0 ml to 1.5 ml, p < 0.01). Comparison of first and last CT scan in Group A confirmed an overall median percentage reduction of 91.7% (n = 36, p < 0.01) of ICH volumes and hematoma resolution in Group A was significantly more effective compared to non-rtPA group, Group B (percentage reduction = 68%) independent of initial hematoma volume in the regression analysis (p = 0.07, mean 11.1, 95%CI 7.7–14.5). There were no adverse events in Group A related to rtPA instillation.

Conclusion
Intrathecal lysis therapy leads to a significant reduction in the intraparenchymal hematoma volume with faster clot resolution compared to the spontaneous hematoma resorption. Furthermore, intrathecal rtPA application had no adverse effect on ICH volume.
Selection of Histological Parameters for the Development of an Analytical Method for Discriminating Fresh and Frozen/Thawed Common Octopus (Octopus vulgaris) and Preventing Frauds along the Seafood Chain
Authors: Tinacci L. , Armani A. , Scardino G. , Guidi A. , Nucera D. , Miragliotta V. , Abramo F. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aimed at selecting effective histological indicators of the freezing process, for the discrimination of fresh and frozen common octopus Octopus vulgaris. Histological indices of freezing process were selected in mantle and arm muscle and axial nerve tissues. Seven histological parameters were chosen: overall muscle tissue structural organization (a); gaping among muscle bundles (b); presence of optically empty spaces between and within muscle bundles (c); white spaces percentage between and within muscle bundles (d); overall nerve structural organization (e); presence of linear fissures and/or empty spaces within neuropil and axonal tract (f); presence of empty spaces within connective tissue matrix surrounding the nerve (g); empty space percentage within arm axial nerve region (h). The parameters were assessed on 150 mantle muscle sections (a, b, c, d), 150 arm muscle (b, c) and nervous (e, f, g, h) tissue sections belonging to 20 fresh exemplars further subdued to conventional freezing procedure at − 20 °C, 25 fresh curled exemplars, 25 exemplars industrially frozen at − 80 °C, and 20 thawed, curled, and individually quick frozen exemplars. Overall structural organization (a, e), gaping (b), and presence of optically empty spaces (c, f) confirmed significant morphological freezing indices in mantle and arm sections. In mantle, two d values (d < 25% and 25% < d < 33%) were proposed as complementary thresholds to be applied in association with b and c indices for freezing discrimination. These parameters appear eligible to set a method for discriminating fresh/thawed octopus products to be applied both in official control and self-check activities.