bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soft repression: Subtle transcriptional regulation with global impact
Authors: Mitra Anindita , Raicu Ana‐Maria , Hickey Stephanie L. , Pile Lori A. , Arnosti David N. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPleiotropically acting eukaryotic corepressors such as retinoblastoma and SIN3 have been found to physically interact with many widely expressed “housekeeping” genes. Evidence suggests that their roles at these loci are not to provide binary on/off switches, as is observed at many highly cell‐type specific genes, but rather to serve as governors, directly modulating expression within certain bounds, while not shutting down gene expression. This sort of regulation is challenging to study, as the differential expression levels can be small. We hypothesize that depending on context, corepressors mediate “soft repression,” attenuating expression in a less dramatic but physiologically appropriate manner. Emerging data indicate that such regulation is a pervasive characteristic of most eukaryotic systems, and may reflect the mechanistic differences between repressor action at promoter and enhancer locations. Soft repression may represent an essential component of the cybernetic systems underlying metabolic adaptations, enabling modest but critical adjustments on a continual basis.
Critical periods shaping the social brain: A perspective from Drosophila
Authors: Dombrovski Mark , Condron Barry 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMany sensory processing regions of the central brain undergo critical periods of experience‐dependent plasticity. During this time ethologically relevant information shapes circuit structure and function. The mechanisms that control critical period timing and duration are poorly understood, and this is of special importance for those later periods of development, which often give rise to complex cognitive functions such as social behavior. Here, we review recent findings in Drosophila, an organism that has some unique experimental advantages, and introduce novel views for manipulating plasticity in the post‐embryonic brain. Critical periods in larval and young adult flies resemble classic vertebrate models with distinct onset and termination, display clear connections with complex behaviors, and provide opportunities to control the time course of plasticity. These findings may extend our knowledge about mechanisms underlying extension and reopening of critical periods, a concept that has great relevance to many human neurodevelopmental disorders.
Three‐year clinical outcomes with the ABSORB bioresorbable vascular scaffold in real life: Insights from the France ABSORB registry
Authors: Lhermusier Thibault , Carrie Didier , Cayla Guillaume , Fajadet Jean , Sainsous Joel , Elhadad Simon , Tarragano Francois , Chevalier Bernard , Ranc Sylvain , Curinier Corentin , Le Breton Herve , Koning Rene ,   The FRANCE ABSORB Investigators
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the 3‐year outcomes of patients treated with Absorb bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) implantation.BackgroundRandomized trials and observational registries performed in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention have demonstrated higher 1‐year and midterm rates of device thrombosis and adverse events with BVS compared to contemporary drug eluting stent. Data on long‐term follow‐up of patients treated with BVS are scarce.MethodsAll patients treated with BVS were included in a large nationwide prospective multicenter registry (FRANCE ABSORB). The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization at 3 years. Secondary endpoints were 3‐year scaffold thrombosis and target vessel revascularization (TVR).ResultsBetween September 2014 and April 2016, 2070 patients were included (mean age 55 ± 11 years; 80% men). The indication was acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in 49% of patients. At 3 years, the primary endpoint occurred in 184 patients (8.9%) and 3‐year mortality in 43 patients (2.1%). Scaffold thrombosis and TVR rates through 3 years were, respectively, 3 and 7.6%. In a multivariable analysis, independent predictors of primary endpoint occurrence were diabetes, oral anticoagulation, active smoking, absence of initial angiographic success and the association of a total BVS length ≥30 mm with the use of 2.5 mm diameter BVS.ConclusionsAlthough 3‐year mortality was low in this ACS population, device‐related events were significant beyond 1 year. Total BVS length and 2.5 mm BVS were associated with higher rates of MACE at long‐term follow‐up.
Comparison of quantitative flow ratio, Pd/Pa and diastolic hyperemia‐free ratio versus fractional flow reserve in non‐culprit lesion of patients with non ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Tebaldi Matteo , Biscaglia Simone , Erriquez Andrea , Penzo Carlo , Tumscitz Carlo , Scoccia Alessandra , Quadri Giorgio , Sacchetta Giorgio , Folla Anna , Vadalà Giuseppe , Fileti Luca , Campo Gianluca 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the correlation between quantitative flow ratio (QFR), Pd/Pa, diastolic hyperemia‐free ratio (DFR) and fractional flow reserve (FFR, gold standard) in non‐culprit lesion (NCL) of patients with non ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).BackgroundThe non‐hyperemic pressure ratio (NHPR) and the angiography‐based indexes have been developed to overcome the limitation of the use of the FFR.MethodsBetween January and December 2019, 184 NCL from 116 NSTEMI patients underwent physiologic assessment and were included in the study. NCLs were investigated with QFR, Pd/Pa, DFR, and FFR. Mean values of QFR, Pd/Pa, DFR and FFR were 0.85 ± 0.10, 0.92 ± 0.07, 0.93 ± 0.05 and 0.84 ± 0.07, respectively.ResultsDFR and FFR showed a good correlation (r = 0.76). Bland and Altman plot showed a mean difference of 0.080. DFR Diagnostic accuracy was 88%. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for DFR was 0.946 (95%CI 0.90–0.97, p = .0001). Similar findings were reported for Pd/Pa (r = 0.73; mean difference 0.095, diagnostic accuracy 84%, AUC 0.909 [95%CI 0.85–0.94, p = .0001]) and QFR (r = 0.68; mean difference 0.01; diagnostic accuracy 88%, AUC 0.964 [95% CI 0.91–0.98, p = .0001]). FFR, QFR, Pd/Pa and DFR identified 31%, 32%, 30% and 32% potentially flow‐limiting lesions, respectively.ConclusionsIn NSTEMI patients, QFR, Pd/Pa and DFR showed equivalence as compared to gold standard FFR in the discrimination of non‐culprit lesions requiring revascularization.
Computer‐assisted valve in valve in a deteriorated Mosaic valve using a library of bioprostheses
Authors: Belhaj Soulami Reda , Castro Miguel , Haigron Pascal , Verhoye Jean‐Philippe 
Published: November 2020

AbstractValve‐in‐valve (ViV) procedures have emerged from an off‐label procedure to a safe and efficient alternative to redo aortic valve replacement in the treatment of symptomatic structural valve deterioration (SVD). During ViV procedures, optimal placement of the transcatheter heart valve (THV) inside the degenerated bioprosthesis is of paramount importance regarding complications such as device embolization, coronary obstruction, periprosthetic regurgitation, residual gradients, and mitral valve injury, but also for the attainment of optimal hemodynamics. In the case of the Mosaic (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN) valve, the limited radiopaque landmarks represent a challenge to a reproducible, optimal implantation. Such implantation may require multiple contrast injections and transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) guidance. We herein describe a computer‐assisted ViV procedure inside a deteriorated Mosaic valve, achieving reproducible optimal placement using a preacquired library of bioprostheses 3D models. Our approach suggests an evolving paradigm in ViV procedures, from safe and efficient toward optimal therapy for symptomatic SVD.
Lewis Acidic Boranes, Lewis Bases, and Equilibrium Constants: A Reliable Scaffold for a Quantitative Lewis Acidity/Basicity Scale
Authors: Mayer Robert J. , Hampel Nathalie , Ofial Armin R. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA quantitative Lewis acidity/basicity scale toward boron‐centered Lewis acids has been developed based on a set of 90 experimental equilibrium constants for the reactions of triarylboranes with various O‐, N‐, S‐, and P‐centered Lewis bases in dichloromethane at 20 °C. Analysis with the linear free energy relationship log KB=LAB+LBB allows equilibrium constants, KB, to be calculated for any type of borane/Lewis base combination through the sum of two descriptors, one for Lewis acidity (LAB) and one for Lewis basicity (LBB). The resulting Lewis acidity/basicity scale is independent of fixed reference acids/bases and valid for various types of trivalent boron‐centered Lewis acids. It is demonstrated that the newly developed Lewis acidity/basicity scale is easily extendable through linear relationships with quantum‐chemically calculated or common physical–organic descriptors and known thermodynamic data (ΔH
). Furthermore, this experimental platform can be utilized for the rational development of borane‐catalyzed reactions.
Dimesitylborylethynylated Arenes: Unique Electronic and Photophysical Properties Caused by Ethynediyl (C≡C) Spacers
Authors: Mishiba Kentaro , Tanaka Yuya , Akita Munetaka 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHerein, we report the synthesis and electrochemical and photophysical properties of aromatic hydrocarbons having one or two dimesitylborylethynyl peripherals. The mono‐ (1) and diboryl compounds (2), readily prepared by nucleophilic substitution reaction, are fairly stable to air and moisture in the solid state. The inserted ethynediyl (C≡C) spacer cancels the steric hindrance between the bulky dimesitylboryl groups and aromatic rings, leading to effective π conjugation over the B−C≡C−Ar linkages, as revealed by cyclic voltammetry. Despite the small structural differences, the photophysical properties of the benzene, naphthalene, and anthracene derivatives are different. Virtually no emission was observed from the benzene derivatives, whereas the anthracene derivatives emitted with high quantum yields both in solution and in the solid state. Notably, the naphthalene derivatives showed aggregation‐induced emission behavior. Unlike the common sterically congested triarylborane derivatives reported so far, the anthracene derivatives showed π–π*‐type absorption and emission bands, which derive from efficient intramolecular orbital interactions between the boron centers and anthracene moieties, as supported by DFT calculations. As a result, the dimesitylborylethynyl substituents effectively lower the LUMO levels of the aromatic hydrocarbon parts, whereas the HOMO levels are almost unaffected, thereby leading to materials with controllable HOMO–LUMO gaps.
Gelation kinetics of functionalized silica crosslinked polymeric gels used in conformance control applications
Authors: Shamlooh Mohamed , Hamza Ahmed , Hussein Ibnelwaleed A. , Nasser Mustafa S. , Salehi Saeed 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe potential crosslinking of three types of nitrogen‐containing functionalized silica (TAAcONa, guanidine, and triamine) with polyacrylamide (PAM) has been investigated. Only triamine silica was able to crosslink with PAM, producing barely flowing gel with storage modulus of around 700 Pa. Micro differential scanning calorimeter (μDSC) analysis illustrated exothermic peaks indicating crosslinking of PAM with triamine and polyethyleneimine (PEI), with crosslinking onset temperatures of 80°C and 84°C. TGA analysis showed the thermal stability of the functionalized silica up to temperatures of more than 200°C. In the domain of study (up to 130°C), TAAcONa silica exhibited the highest weight loss of 5%. Different kinetic models were used to identify the degree of crosslinking and PAM/PEI has shown diffusion‐controlled reaction unlike PAM/triamine‐functionalized silica. The crosslinking mechanism of the new crosslinker is proposed to be similar to that of the PAM/PEI system. Yet, functionalized silica‐based gels are more stable and possess higher strength.
On set‐based association tests: Insights from a regression using summary statistics
Authors: Zhao Yanyan , Sun Lei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMotivated by, but not limited to, association analyses of multiple genetic variants, we propose here a summary statistics‐based regression framework. The proposed method requires only variant‐specific summary statistics, and it unifies earlier methods based on individual‐level data as special cases. The resulting score test statistic, derived from a linear mixed‐effect regression model, inherently transforms the variant‐specific statistics using the precision matrix to improve power for detecting sparse alternatives. Furthermore, the proposed method can incorporate additional variant‐specific information with ease, facilitating omic‐data integration. We study the asymptotic properties of the proposed tests under the null and alternatives, and we investigate efficient P‐value calculation in finite samples. Finally, we provide supporting empirical evidence from extensive simulation studies and two applications.
Valve‐in‐valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement to treat multijet paravalvular regurgitation: A case series and review
Authors: Randall Morgan H. , Lewandowski Thomas J. , Choi Calvin , Beaver Thomas M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTreatment advances for severe symptomatic aortic stenosis including transcatheter and open surgical valve replacement have improved patient survival, length of stay, and speed to recovery. However, paravalvular regurgitation (PVR) is occasionally seen and when moderate or greater in severity is associated with an at least 2‐fold increase in 1 year mortality. While several treatment approaches focused on single‐jet PVR have been described in the literature, few reports describe multijet PVR. Multijet PVR can successfully be treated with a variety of catheter‐based options including valve‐in‐valve (ViV) transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We present two patients with at least moderate PVR following aortic valve replacement who were successfully treated with ViV TAVR along with a review of literature highlighting our rationale for utilizing each management approach. Multijet PVR can be treated successfully with ViV TAVR, but additional options such as self‐expanding occluder devices and bioprosthetic valve fracture have a role as adjunctive treatments to achieve optimal results. The etiology of multijet PVR can differ between patients, this heterogeneity underscores the paucity of data to guide treatment strategies. Therefore, successful treatment of multijet PVR requires familiarity with available therapeutic options to achieve optimal results and, by extension, decrease patient mortality.
Electrocoagulation/Electroflotation Process for Removal of Organics and Microplastics in Laundry Wastewater
Authors: Akarsu Ceyhun , Deniz Fatma 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the present research, laundry wastewater treatment is studied using the electrocoagulation/electroflotation process. For the optimization of treatment conditions such as electrode type (Al–Al, Al–Fe, Fe–Fe, and Fe–Al), initial pH (5–9), current (0.54–2.16 A), and application time (15–60 min), response surface methodology is used. Removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, anionic surfactant, microplastic, and phosphate are studied. It is determined that the most effective removal is obtained with 2.16 A current, pH 9, and 60 min reaction time using Fe–Al electrode. Here, 91%, 94%, 100%, and 98% removal efficiencies are achieved for COD, surfactant, color, and microplastic, respectively. The operating cost of the combined process is calculated as $1.32 m−3for the optimum removal parameters. The adsorption kinetics study shows that the removal follows second‐order kinetics. The laboratory‐scale test results indicate that the electrocoagulation/electroflotation process is feasible for the treatment of laundry wastewater.
Isolation, Library Preparation, and Bioinformatic Analysis of Historical and Ancient Plant DNA
Authors: Latorre Sergio M. , Lang Patricia L. M. , Burbano Hernán A. , Gutaker Rafal M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe ability to sequence DNA retrieved from ancient and historical material plays a crucial role in reinforcing evolutionary and anthropological inference. While the focus of the field is largely on analyzing DNA from ancient hominids and other animals, we have also learned from plant ancient DNA (aDNA), in particular, about human farming practices, crop domestication, environment management, species invasion, and adaptation to various environmental conditions. In the following protocols, we outline best practices for plant aDNA isolation, preparation for sequencing, bioinformatic processing, and authentication. We describe the process all the way from processing of archaeological or historical plant material to characterizing and authenticating sequencing reads. In alternative protocols, we include modifications to this process that are tailored to strongly degraded DNA. Throughout, we stress the importance of precautionary measures to successfully analyze aDNA. Finally, we discuss the evolution of the archaeogenomics field and the development of new methods, which both shaped this protocol. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Isolation of aDNAAlternate Protocol 1: Isolation of ultra‐short DNA (Dabney modification)Support Protocol 1: Preparation of PTB‐based mixSupport Protocol 2: Preparation of binding bufferBasic Protocol 2: Preparation of genomic librariesAlternate Protocol 2: Preparation of genomic libraries with uracil removalBasic Protocol 3: Bioinformatic processing and authentication of aDNA
Simple Field Storage of Fish Samples for Measurement of DNA Content by Flow Cytometry
Authors: Hubálek Martin , Flajšhans Martin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFlow cytometry is an effective and widely used tool for determination of ploidy in fish, but it is not always possible to access the fresh samples for analysis. We investigated the potential for extended storage of fish tissue with sterlet and tench as representative species of Chondrostei and Teleostei, using blood and fin of subadult/adult specimens and tail of larvae. Thirteen procedures for extending storage, selected for rapidity and simplicity in both field and laboratory conditions, were tested for each tissue sample. Flow cytometry was applied to fresh tissue immediately after sampling and to tissue subjected to experimental protocols, always along with species‐specific standard, after 1, 5, and 10 days storage at 0–4°C or freezing at −80°C. The fluorochrome 4′,6‐diamidine‐2′‐phenylindole dihydrochloride was used with excitation/emission maximum 358/461 nm. Based on the measurability of stored samples, evaluation of directly measured coefficients of variation of their DNA peaks and the changes in fluorescence intensity compared to fresh tissue, optimal procedures for extended storage of the selected tissue types of the model species are suggested. © 2020 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
Don’t stand so close to me: Microbiota‐facilitated enemy release dynamics in introduced Onthophagus taurus dung beetles
Authors: Parker Erik S. , Moczek Armin P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMicrobial symbionts can influence their hosts in stunningly diverse ways. Emerging research suggests that an underappreciated facet of these relationships is the influence microbes can have on their host's responses to novel, or stressful, environmental conditions. We sought to address these and related questions in populations resulting from the recent introduction and subsequent rapid range expansion of Onthophagus taurus dung beetles. Specifically, we manipulated both microbial communities and rearing temperature to detect signatures of developmental and life history differentiation in response to the local thermal conditions in two populations derived from the southern most (Florida) and northern most (Michigan) extremes of the exotic Eastern U.S. range of O. taurus. We then sought to determine the contributions, if any, of host‐associated microbiota to this differentiation. We found that when reared under common garden conditions individuals from Florida and Michigan populations differed significantly in developmental performance measures and life history traits, consistent with population divergence. At the same time, and contrary to our predictions, we failed to find support for the hypothesis that animals perform better if reared at temperatures that match their location of origin and that performance differences may be mediated by host‐associated microbiota. Instead, we found that microbiome swapping across host populations improved developmental performance in both populations, consistent with enemy release dynamics. We discuss the implications of our results for our understanding of the rapid spread of exotic O. taurus through the Eastern United States and the significance of symbiosis in host responses to novel environmental conditions more broadly.
How rapidly do self‐compatible populations evolve selfing? Mating system estimation within recently evolved self‐compatible populations of Azorean Tolpis succulenta (Asteraceae)
Authors: Kerbs Benjamin , Crawford Daniel J. , White Griffin , Moura Mónica , Borges Silva Lurdes , Schaefer Hanno , Brown Keely , Mort Mark E. , Kelly John K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGenome‐wide genotyping and Bayesian inference method (BORICE) were employed to estimate outcrossing rates and paternity in two small plant populations of Tolpis succulenta (Asteraceae) on Graciosa island in the Azores. These two known extant populations of T. succulenta on Graciosa have recently evolved self‐compatibility. Despite the expectation that selfing would occur at an appreciable rate (self‐incompatible populations of the same species show low but nonzero selfing), high outcrossing was found in progeny arrays from maternal plants in both populations. This is inconsistent with an immediate transition to high selfing following the breakdown of a genetic incompatibility system. This finding is surprising given the small population sizes and the recent colonization of an island from self‐incompatible colonists of T. succulenta from another island in the Azores, and a potential paucity of pollinators, all factors selecting for selfing through reproductive assurance. The self‐compatible lineage(s) likely have high inbreeding depression (ID) that effectively halts the evolution of increased selfing, but this remains to be determined. Like their progeny, all maternal plants in both populations are fully outbred, which is consistent with but not proof of high ID. High multiple paternity was found in both populations, which may be due in part to the abundant pollinators observed during the flowering season.