bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining Senior Drivers’ Attitudes Toward Advanced Driver Assistance Systems After Naturalistic Exposure
Authors: Liang Dan , Lau Nathan , Baker Stephanie A , Antin Jonathan F 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The increasing number of senior drivers may introduce new road risks due to age-related declines in physical and cognitive abilities. Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) have been proposed as solutions to minimize age-related declines, thereby increasing both senior safety and mobility. This study examined factors that influence seniors’ attitudes toward adopting ADAS after significant exposure to the technology in naturalistic settings.

Research Design and Methods
This study recruited 18 senior drivers aged 70–79 to drive vehicles equipped with ADAS for 6 weeks in their own environments. Afterward, each participant was enrolled in 1 of the 3 focus group sessions to discuss their changes in attitude toward ADAS based on their driving experiences. We applied structural topic modeling (STM) on the focus group transcripts to reveal key topics deemed important to seniors.

Results
STM revealed 5 topics of importance for seniors. In order of prevalence, these were (i) safety, (ii) confidence concerning ADAS, (iii) ADAS functionality, (iv) user interface/usability, and (v) non-ADAS–related features. Based on topics and associated keywords, seniors perceived safety improvement with ADAS but expressed concerns about its limitations in coping with adverse driving conditions. Experience and training were suggested for improving seniors’ confidence in ADAS. Blind spot alert and adaptive cruise control received the most discussion regarding perceived safety and comfort.

Discussion and Implications
This study indicated that promoting road safety for senior drivers through ADAS is feasible. Acceptance and appropriate use of ADAS may be supported through intuitive and senior-friendly user interfaces, in-depth training programs, and owner’s manuals specifically designed and tested for senior drivers.
Short-term outcome of the intuity rapid deployment prosthesis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Klop Idserd David Gérard , Kougioumtzoglou Athiná M , Kloppenburg Geoffrey T L , van Putte Bart P , Sprangers Mirjam A G , Klein Patrick , Nieuwkerk Pythia T 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Limited access aortic valve replacement is an alternative approach for the treatment of calcified aortic valve disease. To facilitate limited access aortic valve replacement, rapid deployment valve prostheses have been developed aiming to reduce surgical impact. This systematic review gives an overview of current literature regarding the INTUITY or INTUITY Elite rapid deployment biological valve prosthesis.

Methods
Cochrane, Embase and MEDLINE were searched to identify relevant studies. All studies reporting on patients who underwent isolated or combined surgical aortic valve replacement with the INTUITY or INTUITY Elite valve prosthesis were considered eligible. Primary end points were technical success rate, 30-day mortality, cerebrovascular accident, paravalvular leak and permanent pacemaker implantation. Secondary end points included procedural data such as aortic cross-clamping time, cardiopulmonary bypass time and procedural approach.

Results
A total of 16 articles fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria and comprised 4.184 patients. Thirty-day mortality was 2.7% (1.9–3.7%), cerebrovascular accident 2.6% (1.4–4.7%), permanent pacemaker implantation 7.9% (6.6–9.5%) and severe postoperative paravalvular leak requiring a reintervention 3.3% (1.7–6.1%). Technical success rate varied between 93.9% and 100%. Conventional median sternotomy was most commonly performed, ranging from 21.7% to 89.6%. Upper hemi-sternotomy was performed more often than anterior right thoracotomy, ranging from 10.4% to 63.3% and 2.2% to 26.1%. The mean transvalvular pressure gradient ranged between 9.0 and 10.3 mmHg at 1 year postoperatively.

Conclusions
This review demonstrates that the technical success rate of the INTUITY or INTUITY Elite rapid deployment valve system is high, also in limited access aortic valve replacement. Mortality and cerebrovascular accident rates are low, but the need for postoperative permanent pacemaker implantation and reintervention rate for paravalvular leakage is increased.
Variation of ignition sensitivity characteristics of non-stick coal dust explosions
Authors: Sha Di , Li Yucheng , Zhou Xihua , Li Ruiqing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The ignition and explosion of coal dust are significant hazards in coal mines. In this study, the minimum ignition temperature and energy of non-stick coal dust were investigated empirically at different working conditions to identify the key factors that influence the sensitivity and characteristics of coal dust explosions. The results showed that for a given particle size, the minimum ignition temperature of the coal dust layer was inversely related to the thickness of the coal dust layer. Meanwhile, when the layer thickness was kept constant, the minimum ignition temperature of the coal dust layer decreased with smaller coal dust particle sizes. Over the range of particle sizes tested (25–75 μm), the minimum ignition temperature of the coal dust cloud gradually increased when larger particles was used. At the same particle size, the minimum ignition temperature of the coal dust layer was much lower than that of the coal dust cloud. Furthermore, the curves of minimum ignition energy all exhibited a minimum value in response to changes to single independent variables of mass concentration, ignition delay time and powder injection pressure. The interactions of these three independent variables were also examined, and the experimental results were fitted to establish a mathematical model of the minimum ignition energy of coal dust. Empirical verification demonstrated the accuracy and practicability of the model. The results of this research can provide an experimental and theoretical basis for preventing dust explosions in coal mines to enhance the safety of production.
Smart contracts from the contract law perspective: outlining new regulative strategies
Authors: Filatova Nataliia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Smart contracts nowadays start being widely used in various areas of economic and social life. In most cases smart contracts are somehow related to legal contracts: the former may constitute part of a legal contract, an entire contract, or be used to automate a contract performance. Meanwhile, a question whether modern contract law is applicable to smart contracts is rather debatable, since smart contracts initially were designed to rely only on technical rules embedded in blockchain and considered as self-sufficient instruments capable of addressing various issues which may emerge in practice. However, practice has shown that technical regulation does not often cope with the problems one may face when using smart contracts, which confirms the need for legal regulation. Although smart contracts have many technical peculiarities, they do not make application of contract law provisions totally impossible. Thus, what the modern contract law needs is a set of special rules applicable to the practice of smart contracting.
A Phase 1, Open-Label Assessment of a Dengue Virus-1 Live Virus Human Challenge Strain
Authors: Endy Timothy P , Wang Dongliang , Polhemus Mark E , Jarman Richard G , Jasper Louis E , Gromowski Greg , Lin Leyi , De La Barra Rafael A , Friberg Heather , Currier Jeffrey R , Abbott Mark , Ware Lisa , Klick Michelle , Paolino Kristopher M , Blair Donald C , Eckels Kenneth , Rutvisuttinunt Wiriya , Thomas Stephen J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Dengue human infection models (DHIM) have been used as a safe means to test the viability of prophylaxis and therapeutics.

Methods
A phase 1 study of 12 healthy adult volunteers using a challenge virus, DENV-1-LVHC strain 45AZ5, was performed. A dose escalating design was used to determine the safety and performance profile of the challenge virus. Subjects were evaluated extensively until 28 days and then out to 6 months.

Results
Twelve subjects received the challenge virus: 6 with 0.5 mL of 6.5 × 103 plaque-forming units (PFU)/mL (low-dose group) and 6 with 0.5 mL of 6.5 × 104 PFU/mL (mid-dose group). All except 1 in the low-dose group developed detectable viremia. For all subjects the mean incubation period was 5.9 days (range 5–9 days) and mean time of viremia was 6.8 days (range 3–9 days). Mean peak for all subjects was 1.6 × 107 genome equivalents (GE)/mL (range 4.6 × 103 to 5 × 107 GE/mL). There were no serious adverse events or long-term safety signals noted.

Conclusions
We conclude that DENV-1-LVHC was well-tolerated, resulted in an uncomplicated dengue illness, and may be a suitable DHIM for therapeutic and prophylactic product testing.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT02372175.
A rapidly deployed, interactive, online visualization system to support fatality management during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
Authors: Kaul Smiti , Coleman Cameron , Gotz David 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objective
To create an online visualization to support fatality management in North Carolina.

Materials and Methods
A web application aggregates online datasets for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection rates and morgue utilization. The data are visualized through an interactive, online dashboard.

Results
The web application was shared with state and local public health officials across North Carolina. Users could adjust interactive maps and other statistical charts to view live reports of metrics at multiple aggregation levels (eg, county or region). The application also provides access to detailed tabular data for individual facilities.

Discussion
Stakeholders found this tool helpful for providing situational awareness of capacity, hotspots, and utilization fluctuations. Timely reporting of facility and county data were key, and future work can help streamline the data collection process. There is potential to generalize the technology to other use cases.

Conclusions
This dashboard facilitates fatality management by visualizing county and regional aggregate statistics in North Carolina.
Interpreting Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation Profile Scores for Use by Clinicians, Burn Survivors, and Researchers
Authors: Slavin Mary D , Ryan Colleen M , Schneider Jeffrey C , Acton Amy , Amaya Flor , Saret Cayla , Ohrtman Emily , Wolfe Audrey , Ni Pengsheng , Kazis Lewis E 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (LIBRE) Profile is a patient-reported outcome measure developed to assess social participation in adult burn survivors. This study identified numeric score cut-points that define different levels of social participation ability and described each level. An expert panel identified numeric score cut-points that distinguish different levels of social participation for the six LIBRE Profile domains. Methods employed an iterative, modified-Delphi approach, and bookmarking to review calibrated item banks. Analyses (using calibration sample data and repeated in a validation sample) examined means, SDs, and sample distributions for each level. Analyses of variance examined score differences between levels. The panel developed descriptions for each established level. Initial cut-points resulted in four levels for five domains (Social Activities, Social Interactions, Romantic Relationships, Sexual Relationships, and Work & Employment) and five levels for the sixth domain (Relationships with Family & Friends). Comparisons demonstrated significant differences between level mean scores for all domains (P &lt; .05) except Relationships with Family & Friends. Based on follow-up surveys, Relationships with Family & Friends score cut-points were adjusted to identify four levels with significant score differences between all levels. Panelists reached consensus for level descriptions. Score cut-points and descriptions identify different levels of social participation, providing a relevant context for interpreting LIBRE Profile numeric scores. LIBRE Profile Social Participation levels will help clinicians and persons with burn injury interpret LIBRE Profile numeric scores and promote use of this important new assessment.
Management of Plant and Arthropod Pests by Deer Farmers in Florida
Authors: Harmon Laura E , Sayler Katherine A , Burkett-Cadena Nathan D , Wisely Samantha M , Weeks Emma N I 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Deer farming is a growing livestock industry. As with established livestock farming, biting arthropod pest control is a challenge, but knowledge about pest control practices being utilized by deer farmers is limited. To fill this knowledge gap and to assess if recommended integrated pest management (IPM) programs were being used, we surveyed Florida deer farmers about their pest management programs via an online questionnaire. Of surveyed deer farmers in Florida, 94% reported using chemicals for plant and arthropod pest control. Deer farmers reported controlling biting midges, mosquitoes, horse flies, and deer flies as their target arthropods. The primary herbicide and arthropod-targeted pesticide reported were glyphosate and permethrin, respectively. Two thirds of deer farmers reported that they were concerned about pesticide resistance developing on their properties, and 72% reported utilizing resistance mitigation techniques such as alternating pesticides or using less pesticide at the start of a management routine. A majority, 66%, of deer farmers reported using a combination of control techniques. Future work should focus on best management practice development based on the study findings, as well as educational materials regarding IPM use for deer farmers. Together these tools should improve animal health and well-being on deer farms by facilitating safe and sustainable arthropod management.
The Meaning of Marriage to the Rohingya Refugees, and Their Survival in Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin M Ala 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article offers an insight into how the ‘stateless’ Rohingya refugees try to manage their survival in their host country through interethnic marriage. In response to the relative absence of comprehensive study on citizenship and integration of the Rohingya, it offers a critical account of the marriage between the nationals of Myanmar and Bangladesh. The major research question of the study was how the Rohingya refugees reconstruct the images of marriage, which they associate with citizenship and survival in the host country Bangladesh. The empirics of the study reveals that in the absence of adequate food, shelter, and security in refugee camps, Rohingya women try to manage their survival marrying Bangladeshi men with the hope of obtaining citizenship and other basic rights. Notwithstanding such interethnic marriages are ‘illegal’ that often involve polygamy, child marriage, or abandonment, both sides find potential advantages from marriages between two nations.
ABL Kinase Domain Mutations in Iranian Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Shojaei Mahboobeh , Rezvani Hamid , Azarkeivan Azita , Poopak Behzad 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objective
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are considered standard first-line treatment in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Because ABL kinase domain mutations are the most common causes of treatment resistance, their prevalence and assessment during treatment may predict subsequent response to therapy.

Methods
The molecular response in Bcr-Abl1IS was tested via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We used the direct sequencing technique to discover the mutations in the ABL kinase domain. The IRIS trial established a standard baseline for measurement – (100% BCR-ABL1 on the ‘international scale’) and a major molecular response (good response to therapy) was defined as a 3-log reduction in the amount of BCR-ABL1 – 0.1% BCR-ABL1 on the international scale.

Results
We observed 11 different mutations in 13 patients, including E255K, which had the highest mutation rate. A lack of hematologic response was found in 22 patients, who showed a significantly higher incidence of mutations.

Conclusion
Detection of kinase domain mutations is a reliable method for choosing the best treatment strategy based on patients’ conditions, avoiding ineffective treatments, and running high-cost protocols in patients with acquired resistance to TKIs.
An Evaluation of Treatment Patterns and Associated Outcomes Among Adult Hospitalized Patients With Lower-Risk Community-Acquired Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections: How Often Are Expert Guidelines Followed?
Authors: Lodise Thomas P , Izmailyan Sergey , Olesky Melanie , Lawrence Kenneth 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Expert guidelines discourage use of antipseudomonal β-lactams and fluoroquinolones in lower-risk patients with community-acquired complicated intra-abdominal infection (CA cIAI). Compliance with these recommendations across US hospitals is unclear. This study sought to determine treatment patterns and associated outcomes among adult hospitalized lower-risk patients with CA cIAI.

Methods
A study using data from the Premier Healthcare Database (10/2015–12/2017) was performed. Inclusion criteria: age ≥18 years; hospitalized; had a cIAI at admission; and received antibiotics within the first 4 hospital days. Patients were excluded if they were high risk, were transferred from another health care facility, had a recent hospital admission, or received dialysis within 30 days of admission. Empiric antibiotic treatment patterns and associated outcomes were quantified.

Results
Overall, 46 722 (66%) patients with cIAIs met the lower-risk CA IAI study criteria. Among lower-risk CA IAI patients, the mean (SD) age was 53.4 (18.2) years, and 71% had a Charlson Comorbidity Index score of 0. The most common diagnosis was acute appendicitis with peritonitis (59.7%). Among lower-risk CA IAI patients, 54% received piperacillin/tazobactam, 20% received a fluoroquinolone (FQ), 11% received ceftriaxone, and 7% received ampicillin/sulbactam. Overall, the median hospital length of stay was 4 days and median costs were $12 345 USD. Nearly 90% of patients were discharged home, and &lt;1% died. Outcomes were similar across all empiric treatments received.

Conclusions
Overuse of antipseudomonal β-lactams and fluoroquinolones was commonplace among lower-risk CA IAI patients. These findings can serve as the basis for an antimicrobial stewardship initiative in hospitals aspiring to reduce the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics.
Maternal Bacteremia Caused by Staphylococcus Aureus With a Focus on Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Morelli Morgan K , Veve Michael P , Shorman Mahmoud A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Sepsis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the pregnant patient. Injection drug use in pregnant populations has led to increased cases of bacteremia and infective endocarditis (IE) due to Staphylococcus aureus. We describe all cases of S. aureus bacteremia and IE among admitted pregnant patients at our hospital over a 6-year period.

Methods
This was a retrospective review of pregnant patients hospitalized with S. aureus bacteremia between April 2013 and November 2019. Maternal in-hospital mortality and fetal in-hospital mortality were the primary outcomes measured; the secondary outcome was the rate of 6-month maternal readmission.

Results
Twenty-seven patients were included; 15 (56%) had IE. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 29 (25–33) years; 22 (82%) patients had methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Infection onset occurred at a median (IQR) of 29 (23–34) weeks’ gestation. Twenty-three (85%) mothers reported active injection drug use, and 21 (78%) were hepatitis C seropositive. Fifteen (56%) mothers required intensive care unit (ICU) care. Twenty-two (81%) patients delivered 23 babies; of the remaining 5 mothers, 3 (11%) were lost to follow-up and 2 (7%) terminated pregnancy. Sixteen (73%) babies required neonatal ICU care, and 4/25 (16%) infants/fetuses died during hospitalization. One (4%) mother died during hospitalization, and 7/26 (27%) mothers were readmitted to the hospital within 6 months for infectious complications.

Conclusions
Injection drug use is a modifiable risk factor for S. aureus bacteremia in pregnancy. Fetal outcomes were poor, and mothers were frequently readmitted secondary to infection. Future targeted interventions are needed to curtail injection drug use in this population.
“Wired”
Authors: Jones Alisha Lola 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Chapter 5 investigates a case study of Tonéx, a queer preacher-musician who embodies a combination of the most popular archetypes of African-American men’s worship—the preacher and the vocalist head musician—while wielding multifarious rhetorics during his musical performance. Tonéx’s case contests the portrayal of same-gender-loving men as down low, secretive, deceptive, and always withholding information about who they are from their loved ones. Chapter 5 investigates the queer Pentecostal performative strategies behind the creative process of worshipping in Spirit and in truth, as Tonéx grounds his performances in bodily experiences recorded on the Unspoken album. By vocalizing unspoken bodily experiences for gospel music audiences, Tonéx guides his fans through an exploration of what it means to be wired: that is, the occurrence of the embedded, transferred, bestowed, gifted, ridiculed, and surveilled aspects of being a queer masculine survivor of sexual assault in Pentecostal Christian communities.
Inventing the Old-Time Religion
Authors: Compton John W. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines the founding and rise to prominence of Christianity Today, the most important religious magazine of the 1960s and 1970s. It details the magazine’s founding by the revivalist Billy Graham and his father-in-law L. Nelson Bell, both of whom envisioned a periodical that would target ministers with a mix of theological content and conservative political commentary. With financial backing from J. Howard Pew and long list of conservative businessmen, the magazine soon outpaced its liberal rivals; and under the editorial guidance of Carl Henry, a noted theologian, it developed a novel critique of mainline religious authority that may well have exacerbated the divide between mainline elites and average churchgoers. Yet Henry’s insistence that evangelicals were obligated take notice of social problems such as racial discrimination ultimately created an inbridgable rift between the magazine’s editor and its financial backers, and in 1967 Henry was forced to relinquish his post.
With Liberty for Some
Authors: Nieman Donald G. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines antislavery ideas and action sparked by the American Revolution as well as the compromises between northern and southern delegates at the Constitutional Convention. The convention created a document that recognized slavery and provided significant, albeit limited protection to it. By building political coalitions and appealing to northern racism, southerners won legislation such as the Fugitive Slave Act, administrative regulations such as exclusion of antislavery literature from the mail, and judicial interpretations of the Constitution such as Prigg v. Pennsylvania that strengthened protection for slavery between 1789 and the 1840s, transforming it into a proslavery document. State law further strengthened slavery by giving masters almost unquestioned authority over slaves and significantly restricting the rights of free blacks.