bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Process Parameters on Aerosol Jet Printing of Multi-Layer Circuitry
Authors: Lall Pradeep , Goyal Kartik , Kothari Nakul , Leever Ben , Miller Scott 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Printing technologies such as Aerosol Jet provides the freedom of miniaturizing interconnects and producing fine pitch components. Aerosol Jet, a direct printing technique replaces the traditional steps of manufacturing a printed circuit board such as lithography or etching, which are quite expensive, and further allowing the circuits to be fabricated onto all kinds of substrates. Wide impact areas range from healthcare to wearables to future automotive applications. The aerosol jet printer from Optomec utilized in this study, consists of two types of atomizers depending on ink viscosity. One is Ultrasonic Atomizer which supports ink with viscosity range of 1–5cP, and another is Pneumatic Atomizer with large range of suitable viscosity 1–1000cP. This paper focuses on utilizing the aerosol jet printing using both the atomizers to develop process parameters to be able to successfully print bi-material, multi-layer circuitry. The insulating material between two conductive lines used in the paper is of very high viscosity of 350cP, suitable for Pneumatic atomizer and Silver Nano-particle ink with the viscosity suitable for Ultrasonic atomizer as a conductive ink. A statistical modeling approach is presented to predict the attributes such as micro-via diameter before starting the print process, enabling us to pre-adjust the dimensions in CAD for the desired output. Process parameters to obtain a fine print with good electrical properties and better dimensional accuracy are developed. Importance of pre-cleaning the substrate is discussed, in addition to the printing process efficiency gauged as a function of process capability index and process capability ratio.
Acceleration Factors for Flexible Electronics in Wearable Applications From Actual Human Body Measurements
Authors: Lall Pradeep , Thomas Tony , Yadav Vikas , Narangaparambil Jinesh , Liu Wei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The increase in use of flexible electronics in wearable applications has prompted in analyzing the movement characteristics of human body under various day to day actions. The flexible electronics that are attached on the human body were tested for reliability under various conditions of human activity such as walking, jumping, squats, lunges and bicep curls. The human body motion data during these different actions were measured using a set of ten Vicon cameras to measure the position, velocity and accelerations of a standard full body sensor location of a human body. The reliability model presented in this study uses the angle variations of each joint in the human body for all the five human activities listed above. Statistical analysis on the variation of each joint angles were tested with hypothesis testing strategies with different subjects and with different human body actions as well. Acceleration factor modelling on the reliability of the electronics were carried out using test data of flexible electronics subjected to bending, twisting, stretching and folding experiments. These experiments were conducted on flexible electronics till failure with in-situ resistance measurements to monitor the changes in the board during each of these experiments. The experimental measurements of the boards were combined with the human body motion data to model the acceleration factor for each of these tests.
Experimental Analysis for Optimization of Thermal Performance of a Server in Single Phase Immersion Cooling
Authors: Shinde Pravin A. , Bansode Pratik V. , Saini Satyam , Kasukurthy Rajesh , Chauhan Tushar , Shah Jimil M. , Agonafer Dereje 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Liquid immersion cooling of servers in synthetic dielectric fluids is an emerging technology which offers significant cooling energy savings and increased power densities for data centers. A noteworthy advantage of using immersion cooling is high heat dissipation capacity which is roughly 1200 times greater than air. Other advantages of dielectric fluid immersion cooling include high rack density, better server performance, even temperature profile, reduction in noise etc. The enhanced thermal properties of oil lead to the considerable savings in both upfront and operating cost over traditional methods. In this study, a server is completely submerged in a synthetic dielectric fluid. Experiments are conducted to observe the effects of varying the volumetric flow rate and oil inlet temperature on thermal performance and power consumption of the server. Various parameters like total server power consumption, the temperature of all heat generating components like Central Processing Unit (CPU), Dual in Line Memory Module (DIMM), input/output hub (IOH) chip, Platform Controller Hub (PCH), Network Interface Controller (NIC) are measured at steady state. Since this is an air-cooled server, the results obtained from the experiments will help in proposing better heat removal strategies like heat sink optimization, better ducting and server architecture. Assessment has been made on the effect of thermal shadowing caused by the two CPUs on the nearby components like DIMMs and PCH.
Multi-Scale Thermal Analysis for Design of SiC-Based Medium Voltage Motor Drive
Authors: Cousineau J. Emily , Bennion Kevin , Potty Karun , Li He , Na Risha , Xu Longya , Wang Jin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper describes a multi-scale thermal analysis approach for the design of an air-cooled 1.7-kV SiC MOSFET-based medium-voltage variable-speed motor drive. The scope of the models and required efficient and flexible thermal models to be developed. Two modeling techniques are described that significantly reduced model run time and enabled more complex models to be run faster while retaining needed accuracy. The first technique uses the effectiveness-NTU method to extract convection boundary conditions from a CFD model that can be applied to a fast-running FEA model. The second is a porous media technique that enables system-level CFD simulations that incorporate effects from heat exchangers (e.g., pin fin heat sinks) that run in a fraction of the time required for fully resolved CFD simulations. The multi-scale approach to the thermal analysis enabled fast and accurate simulation for the converter design ranging from the die level up to the full system with 36 submodules. The modeling results were validated against experimental data from system tests performed by OSU.
Sea level, carbonate mineralogy, and early diagenesis controlled δ13C records in Upper Ordovician carbonates
Authors: Jones David S. , Brothers R. William , Crüger Ahm Anne-Sofie , Slater Nicholas , Higgins John A. , Fike David A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Stratigraphic variability in the geochemistry of sedimentary rocks provides critical data for interpreting paleoenvironmental change throughout Earth history. However, the vast majority of pre-Jurassic geochemical records derive from shallow-water carbonate platforms that may not reflect global ocean chemistry. Here, we used calcium isotope ratios (δ44Ca) in conjunction with minor-element geochemistry (Sr/Ca) and field observations to explore the links among sea-level change, carbonate mineralogy, and marine diagenesis and the expression of a globally documented interval of elevated carbon isotope ratios (δ13C; Hirnantian isotopic carbon excursion [HICE]) associated with glaciation in Upper Ordovician shallow-water carbonate strata from Anticosti Island, Canada, and the Great Basin, Nevada and Utah, USA. The HICE on Anticosti is preserved in limestones with low δ44Ca and high Sr/Ca, consistent with aragonite as a major component of primary mineralogy. Great Basin strata are characterized by lateral gradients in δ44Ca and δ13C that reflect variations in the extent of early marine diagenesis across the platform. In deep-ramp settings, deposition during synglacial sea-level lowstand and subsequent postglacial flooding increased the preservation of an aragonitic signature with elevated δ13C produced in shallow-water environments. In contrast, on the mid- and inner ramp, extensive early marine diagenesis under seawater-buffered conditions muted the magnitude of the shift in δ13C. The processes documented here provide an alternative explanation for variability in a range of geochemical proxies preserved in shallow-water carbonates at other times in Earth history, and challenge the notion that these proxies necessarily record changes in the global ocean.
Chronic pleuritis leading to severe pulmonary restriction: a rare complication of Degos disease
Authors: Saha Biplab Kumar , Beegle Scott 
Published: December 2019

This case demonstrates chronic fibrosing pleuritis, as a rare pulmonary aetiology for mortality in patients with Degos disease or malignant atrophic papulosis (MAP). Knowledge of this unusual complication will help physicians identify this entity early and provide appropriate treatment.Patients with MAP die from gastrointestinal and brain involvement within 2–3 years of diagnosis. This case is unique as the patient survived for 9 years and died secondary to respiratory failure, which had not been reported before. Our patient was a young man, diagnosed with MAP at the age of 17. His skin and gastrointestinal disease were controlled with eculizumab and parenteral treprostinil. The patient developed severe restrictive pulmonary disease, required ventilatory support, and died from respiratory failure. An autopsy revealed chronic fibrosis pleuritis. Longer surviving patients with MAP might suffer from significant respiratory disease. Pulmonary function test should be obtained to identify subclinical respiratory limitation.
Association between same day discharge total knee and total hip arthroplasty and risks of cardiac/pulmonary complications and readmission: a population-based observational study
Authors: Liu Jiabin , Elkassabany Nabil , Poeran Jashvant , Gonzalez Della Valle Alejandro , Kim David H , Maalouf Daniel , Memtsoudis Stavros 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveTo determine if same-day discharge total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA) is not associated with increased risk of unplanned readmission and adverse outcomes within 30 days of surgery.DesignThis is a population-based observational study.SettingPatients from 708 participating institutions who underwent primary TKA or primary THA between 2011 and 2017 were divided into three groups by length of stay (LOS 0, 1 and 2–3 days). All patients with LOS>3 days were excluded from the current study. Regression analysis and propensity score matching were performed.Data sourcesAmerican College of Surgeons—National Surgical Quality Improvement Programme database.Main outcomes and measuresPrimary outcomes included unplanned readmission and cardiac/pulmonary complications within 30 days of surgery.ResultsWe identified 226 481 TKA (LOS 0=3118, LOS 1=31 404, and LOS 2–3=1 91 959) and 140 557 THA patients (LOS 0=2652, LOS 1=29 617, and LOS 2–3=1 08 288). There were no differences in 30-day mortality. After adjusting for relevant covariates, LOS 0 (compared with LOS 1) was associated with higher odds of cardiac/pulmonary complications in both TKA (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.20 to 3.16; 0.67% vs 0.37%) and THA (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.05 to 3.64; 0.57% vs 0.26%). There were no statistical differences in unplanned readmissions between LOS 0 and LOS 1 groups in TKA (2.41% vs 2.31%) and THA (1.62% vs 2.04%).ConclusionsLOS 0 discharge after TKA and THA was associated with higher odds of cardiac/pulmonary complications compared with LOS 1 discharge. While the overall burden of complications is relatively low, until future studies can confirm or challenge our findings, a measured approach is advisable when recommending discharge of patients on the same day of surgery.
Finding ‘the inner drive’ for a rehabilitation process: a small-scale qualitative investigation among male patients with primary glioma
Authors: Fahrenholtz Mette Lysdahl , Hansen Anders , Søgaard Karen , Andersen Lotte Nygaard 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveBrain tumours are relatively rare but hold a significant place in cancer rehabilitation due to their pronounced disabling capacity to promote physical, cognitive and psychosocial sequelae. This small-scale qualitative study used coping and motivational theories to gain understanding and knowledge of patients’ experience of being diagnosed with a severe disease and of their view of a rehabilitation process.DesignQualitative interview study.SettingOdense University Hospital, Denmark.InformantsFive patients (men, aged 30–79 years) with primary glioma who had participated in a rehabilitation intervention.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted. The phenomenological interpretive analysis was used to analyse the interviews.ResultsThe analysis revealed three main themes: (1) coping with a new life situation, (2) motivating and maintaining elements and (3) experience of the benefit of the rehabilitation programme.ConclusionThe study concluded that interviewed informants use problem-solving coping strategies, which make them more active in their health behaviour. However, passive and emotion-focused strategies related to confronting diagnosis may be used in some cases. The motivational aspect is multifaceted. Personal and interpersonal elements alongside a competitive setting are crucial to self-efficacy and benefit. The intervention’s impact on health-related quality of life also has the potential to increase patients’ resources to manage their situation.Trial registration numberNCT02221986
Systematic meta-analyses, field synopsis and global assessment of the evidence of genetic association studies in colorectal cancer
Authors: Montazeri Zahra , Li Xue , Nyiraneza Christine , Ma Xiangyu , Timofeeva Maria , Svinti Victoria , Meng Xiangrui , He Yazhou , Bo Yacong , Morgan Samuel , Castellví-Bel Sergi , Ruiz-Ponte Clara , Fernández-Rozadilla Ceres , Carracedo Ángel , Castells Antoni , Bishop Timothy , Buchanan Daniel , Jenkins Mark A , Keku Temitope O , Lindblom Annika , van Duijnhoven Fränzel J B , Wu Anna , Farrington Susan M , Dunlop Malcolm G , Campbell Harry , Theodoratou Evropi , Zheng Wei , Little Julian 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveTo provide an understanding of the role of common genetic variations in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, we report an updated field synopsis and comprehensive assessment of evidence to catalogue all genetic markers for CRC (CRCgene2).DesignWe included 869 publications after parallel literature review and extracted data for 1063 polymorphisms in 303 different genes. Meta-analyses were performed for 308 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 158 different genes with at least three independent studies available for analysis. Scottish, Canadian and Spanish data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were incorporated for the meta-analyses of 132 SNPs. To assess and classify the credibility of the associations, we applied the Venice criteria and Bayesian False-Discovery Probability (BFDP). Genetic associations classified as ‘positive’ and ‘less-credible positive’ were further validated in three large GWAS consortia conducted in populations of European origin.ResultsWe initially identified 18 independent variants at 16 loci that were classified as ‘positive’ polymorphisms for their highly credible associations with CRC risk and 59 variants at 49 loci that were classified as ‘less-credible positive’ SNPs; 72.2% of the ‘positive’ SNPs were successfully replicated in three large GWASs and the ones that were not replicated were downgraded to ‘less-credible’ positive (reducing the ‘positive’ variants to 14 at 11 loci). For the remaining 231 variants, which were previously reported, our meta-analyses found no evidence to support their associations with CRC risk.ConclusionThe CRCgene2 database provides an updated list of genetic variants related to CRC risk by using harmonised methods to assess their credibility.
Characterising risk of homicide in a population-based cohort
Authors: O’Neill Meghan , Buajitti Emmalin , Donnelly Peter D , Lewis Jeremy , Kornas Kathy , Rosella Laura C 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundHomicide is an extreme expression of violence that has attracted less attention from public health researchers and policy makers interested in prevention. The purpose of this study was to examine the socioeconomic gradient of homicide and to determine whether risk differs by immigration status.MethodsWe conducted a population-based cohort study using linked vital statistics, census and population data sets that included all deaths by homicide from 1992 to 2012 in Ontario, Canada. We calculated age-adjusted death rates for homicide by material deprivation quintiles, stratified by immigration status. Count-based negative binomial regression models were used to calculate unadjusted and adjusted rate ratios with predictors of interest being age, urban residence, material deprivation and immigration status. A subanalysis containing immigrants only examined the effect of time since immigration and immigration class.ResultsThere were 3345 homicide deaths registered between 1992 and 2012. Relative to low material deprivation areas, age-adjusted rates of homicide deaths in high materially deprived areas were similar among refugees (RR: 48.49; 95% CI 36.99 to 62.45) and long-term residents (RR: 47.67; 95% CI 44.66 to 50.83), but were slightly lower for non-refugee immigrants (RR: 38.53; 95% CI 32.42 to 45.45). Female refugees experienced a 1.31 (95% CI 0.88 to 1.94) higher rate and male refugees experienced a 1.23 (95% CI 0.90 to 1.67) higher rate of homicide victimisation compared with long-term residents. In an immigrant only analysis, the risk of homicide among refugees increased with duration of residence.ConclusionsGiven the large area-level, socioeconomic status gradients observed in homicides among refugees, community-level and culturally appropriate prevention approaches are important.
A Tumor-in-Host DEB-Based Approach for Modeling Cachexia and Bevacizumab Resistance
Authors: Tosca Elena M. , Rocchetti Maurizio , Pesenti Enrico , Magni Paolo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Adequate energy intake and homeostasis are fundamental for the appropriate growth and maintenance of an organism; the presence of a tumor can break this equilibrium. Tumor energy requests can lead to extreme weight loss in animals and cachexia in cancer patients. Angiogenesis inhibitors, acting on tumor vascularization, counteract this tumor–host energy imbalance, with significant results in preclinical models and more limited results in the clinic. Current pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic models mainly focus on the antiangiogenic effects on tumor growth but do not provide information about host conditions. A model that can predict energetic conditions that provide significant tumor growth inhibition with acceptable host body weight reduction is therefore needed. We developed a new tumor-in-host dynamic energy budget (DEB)–based model to account for the cytostatic activity of antiangiogenic treatments. Drug effect was implemented as an inhibition of the energy fraction subtracted from the host by the tumor. The model was tested on seven xenograft experiments involving bevacizumab and three different tumor cell lines. The model successfully predicted tumor and host body growth data, providing a quantitative measurement of drug potency and tumor-related cachexia. The inclusion of a hypoxia-triggered resistance mechanism enabled investigation of the decreased efficacy frequently observed with prolonged bevacizumab treatments. In conclusion, the tumor-in-host DEB-based approach has been extended to account for the effect of bevacizumab. The resistance model predicts the response to different administration protocols and, for the first time, the impact of tumor-related cachexia in different cell lines. Finally, the physiologic base of the model strongly suggests its use in translational human research.

Significance:
A mathematical model describes tumor growth in animal models, taking into consideration the energy balance involving both the growth of tumor and the physiologic functions of the host.
Blood Pressure Variability and Neurologic Outcome After Endovascular Thrombectomy
Authors: Mistry Eva A. , Mehta Tapan , Mistry Akshitkumar , Arora Niraj , Starosciak Amy K. , De Los Rios La Rosa Felipe , Siegler James Ernest , Chitale Rohan , Anadani Mohammad , Yaghi Shadi , Khatri Pooja , de Havenon Adam 
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose—
Although higher blood pressure variability (BPV) is associated with worse functional outcome after stroke, this association is not as well established in large vessel occlusion strokes treated with endovascular treatment (EVT).

Methods—
In this post hoc analysis of BEST (Blood Pressure after Endovascular Therapy for Ischemic Stroke), a prospective, multicenter cohort study of anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing EVT, we determined the association of BPV with poor outcome or death (90-day modified Rankin Scale, 3–6). We calculated BPV during the first 24 hours after EVT for systolic and diastolic BP using 5 methodologies, then divided BPV into tertiles and compared the highest to lowest tertile using logistic regression.

Results—

Of the 443 patients included in our analysis, 259 (58.5%) had a poor outcome, and 79 (17.8%) died. All measures of BPV were significantly higher in patients with poor outcome or death, but the difference was more pronounced for systolic than diastolic BPV. In the logistic regression, the highest tertile of systolic BPV consistently predicted poor outcome (odds ratio, 1.8–3.5, all
P
<0.05). The rate of death within 90 days was 10.1% in the tertile with the lowest systolic BPV versus 25.2% in the tertile with the highest BPV (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—
In EVT-treated stroke patients, higher BPV in the first 24 hours is associated with worse 90-day outcome. This association was more robust for systolic BPV. The mechanism by which BPV may exert a negative influence on neurological outcome remains unknown, but the consistency of this association warrants further investigation and potentially intervention.
The Financial Crisis and a Crisis of Expertise: A Chinese Genealogy of Neoliberalism
Authors: Dal Maso Giulia 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper investigates the distinctly Chinese intertwining of expertise and state & financial capital to enrich the current understanding of neoliberalism as a hegemonic governing rationale. Since the summer of 2015, China has been experiencing one of its most severe financial crises since the adoption of a ‘socialist market economy’ in 1978. However, globally circulating narratives have failed to look beyond a Western-centric corollary, rehashing a critique of the Chinese one-party system and its lack of a ‘genuine’ free market. By exploring the specific genealogy of Chinese capitalism, and the distinctive Chinese financial-market structure, the article will show how the scientific authority of experts formulated amongst neoliberal thinkers never permeated the Chinese idea of knowledge. In the Chinese variety of financial capitalism, expertise is seen to lie not so much in the wisdom of individual experts as in their socio-political support, which legitimises their economic interventions.