bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POTENSI KOMODITI PERDAGANGAN PISANG DALAM RANGKA MEMENUHI PERMINTAAN DAN MENDUKUNG KETAHANAN PANGAN DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI PERTAHANAN (STUDI DI KABUPATEN BOGOR)
Authors: Sulistyowarni Indriana , Sundari Sri , Halim Supandi 
Published: December 2020

<p>Salah satu fokus pertahanan nirmiliter di Indonesia adalah pertahanan sektor ekonomi diantaranya penguatan neraca perdagangan melalui mendorong ekspor komoditas perdagangan. Komoditas perdagangan hortikultura Indonesia yang berpotensi besar yaitu pisang. Keunggulan pisang dari Indonesia apabila dibandingkan dengan negara lain ialah keragaman varietas dan memiliki rasa yang khas. Sedangkan kelemahan ekspor pisang dari Indonesia meliputi kemasan kurang kompetitif, masih ada kualitas yang belum memenuhi standar ekspor serta pasokan belum <em>sustainable</em>. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan sejauh mana potensi pisang yang besar bisa dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Diharapkan memberikan kontribusi terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat, pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah dan pemasukan dari ekspor serta mendukung ketahanan pangan. Dengan menerapkan metode kualitatif dan melalui wawancara dan <em>participant observation</em>. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pisang berpotensi besar dikembangkan di Kabupaten Bogor akan tetapi pemanfaatan potensi tersebut belum optimal. Faktor penghambat pengembangan meliputi penerapan teknik budidaya belum sesuai SOP, keterbatasan lahan skala besar/kebun, alih fungsi lahan, kurang pelatihan dan pendampingan, tidak ada kemitraan perusahaan besar, jaminan stok ekspor belum stabil, belum lolos uji SPS serta keberpihakan negara tujuan ekspor kepada negara tertentu. Faktor pendukung yaitu kesesuaian agroklimat, peluang pasar besar, kesediaan petani tinggi. Upaya yang sudah dilakukan yaitu alokasi anggaran dan inventarisasi lahan. Oleh karena itu perlu membangun kemitraan dengan swasta/ perusahaan besar, pendampingan berkelanjutan, sinergi dan kooordinasi Pemda, swasta, masyarakat dan lembaga penelitian. Hal ini penting guna meningkatkan potensi pisang sebagai komoditi perdagangan baik produksi serta produktivitasnya meningkat sehingga mampu memenuhi permintaan pasar domestik dan ekspor. Pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan keamanan ekonomi sebagai salahsatu fokus utama ekonomi pertahanan.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci :</strong> potensi, komoditi perdagangan pisang, permintaan pasar domestik dan ekspor, ketahanan pangan, ekonomi pertahanan</p>
THE STRATEGY OF THE BANDUNG CITY’S NATIONAL UNITY AND POLITICS AGENCY IN REALIZING EXCELLENT HUMAN RESOURCES
Authors: Setiawan Mursyid , Ramdhani Hilal , Darmawan Cecep 
Published: December 2020

<p><em>The strategy of the Bandung National Unity and Political Agency (Bakesbangpol) in realizing excellent human resources is still conventional</em><em>. This can be seen </em><em>in the form of education and training for the community without using technological advances to develop community digital literacy as an effort to create excellent society and protect from internal threats in the form of radicalism, t</em><em>errorism, and intolerance; and externally, </em><em>in the form of territorial security and digital security. The purpose of this study is to analyze the strategy of the Bandung City Political and National Unity Agency in realizing excellent human resources to face the various threats facing Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach with case study methods, data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation, then analyzed using reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the strategic concept carried out by the Bandung City Political and National Unity Agency in the form of education and training to defend the state for the community. The implementation carried out was still conventional, an alternative to realizing excellent human resources carried out by the National Unity and Political Agency, namely by optimizing the use of technology, create a sustainable curriculum and focus on developing digital literacy in society to prevent various external and internal threats.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> The National Unity and Political Agency</em><em>, </em><em>defend the state</em><em> </em><em>indonesia</em><em>, </em><em>society</em><em>, </em><em>human resources</em></p>
“Review on Forensic Odonto-Stomatology”
Authors: Kadashetti Vidya , KM Shivakumar 
Published: December 2020

Forensic Odontology has become an integral part of forensic medicine over the past decadesthat utilize dental tissue findings to serve the judicial system. Dental tissues remains can be usedfor identification as using them are cost effective, reliable and fast. Forensic odontology is abranch of dentistry that analyzes dental evidence to overlap the dental and legal profession. Thetooth has been used as weapons and under certain circumstances, may leave information aboutthe identity of the biter, age estimation and gender determination. Dentists have a major role toplay in keeping accurate dental records and providing all necessary information so that legalauthorities may recognize mal practice, negligence, fraud or abuse, and identity of unknownindividuals. This paper will try to summarize the various roles of dental experts in forensicmedicine.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.17-23
Elevated Plasma and Liver tissue Uric Acid Levels in Alloxan Diabetic Rats
Authors: Gowda CV Yogaraje , Senthilkumar S , Kashinath RT 
Published: December 2020

Background: Abnormal levels of serum uric acid (UA) causes major health problem due to itspivotal role in the etiology of many systemic diseases. Many research works in recent past haveshown elevated uric acid levels in diabetic subjects. Some reports indicate that uric acid elevationis related to diabetic complications, whereas a few claimed that uric acid elevation is also seen inpre-diabetic condition.The reason for this elevation of uric acid and a possible role of insulin inthis regard is obscure. Hence a study has been undertaken to assess the uric acid status in alloxandiabetic rats with an attempt to establish the possible cause for uric acid elevation.
Methods:The studies were carried out on healthy male Wistar rats with a body weight of 150-180g. Therats were divided into two groups,normal group (Group-1) and alloxan diabetic group (Group-2)with six animals in each group. Induction of diabetes was done by administering a singleintraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared aqueous solution of Alloxan Monohydrate (150mg/Kg body weight) prepared in normal saline, to the overnight fasted rats. After the stipulatedperiod of 30 days, the animals (Group-1 and Group-2) were anesthetized using Isoflurane andsacrificed. They were dissected immediately and liver tissue was procured, blotted to removeblood stains, and placed in cold phosphate buffer saline (pH7.4). Blood samples were collectedusing heparin as anticoagulant.The uric acid levels in plasma, erythrocytes and in liver tissueas well as the levels of ADA in plasma and liver tissue were estimated.
Results: A significant(p<0.001) rise in uric acid levels in plasma, erythrocytes and liver tissue as well as increasedlevels of ADA in plasma and liver tissue was observed in alloxan diabetic rats compared to normal control.
Conclusion: The increased uric acid levels noticed in alloxan diabetic rats maybe due to increased catabolism of purines as evidenced by increased activity of ADA.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.45-49
Does the Job Category Affect Employments’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior In Hospitals?
Authors: Jahani Mohammad Ali , Rostami Fatemeh Hoseini , Mehdizadeh Hakimeh , Mahmoudjanloo Shahrbanoo , Nikbakht Hossein Ali , Mahmoudi Ghahraman 
Published: December 2020

Background and Objective: Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is one of facilitatingfactors in improving the quality of service in healthcare section. This study aimed at investigatingthe possible relationship between the job category and employees’ organizational citizenshipbehavior in some selected hospitals located in Northern Iran.
Material and Methods: Thisapplied research was a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional survey conducted in 2016 amongtherapeutic and non-therapeutic/administrative employees working in 5 selected hospitals locatedin Golestan province, Iran. 320 employees were selected randomly by using Cochran samplingformula. The Persian version of Podsakoff’s standard scale for measuring the organizationalcitizenship behavior was used for data collection. The gathered data were analyzed by usingSPSS 18 and applying independent t-test and regression analysis.
Results: The mean rate of nontherapeuticemployees’ organizational citizenship behavior (94.38±7.57) was higher than that oftherapeutic ones (93.98±9.36). The component altruism with 20.78±2.75 among therapeutic staffand the component conscientiousness with 20.87±2.09 among non-therapeutic staff were in thehighest rate. The mean differences of the components of the organizational citizenship behaviorwere not significant, The lowest rate belonged to the component civic virtue (14.28±2.03), butin altruism in which the difference was significantly positive (p= .039).
Conclusion: Althoughthe job category has a low effect on the organizational citizenship behavior, the managersof healthcare centers can improve their employees’ organizational citizenship behavior byimproving organizational culture, work motivation and job satisfaction among the staff.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.74-80
Cholinesterase in different types of the muscle tissue during the early postmortem period for diagnosis of death coming
Authors: Cherkashyna Lidiya , Shklyar Anton , Sukhonosov Roman , Miroshnikova Olha , Naguta Lyudmyla , Olkhovskiy Vasyl , Demikhova Nadiia , Kuts Larysa , Barchan Ganna , Sukhomlyn Ganna , Kyptenko Ludmila 
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the research: consisted in study of postmortem regularities in the content of cholinesterasein different types of muscle tissue (MT) for improving accuracy of determination of the prescriptionof death coming PDC.
Materials and methods: The activity/level of cholinesterase was determinedin homogenates of the myocardial (MMH), oesophageal (OMH), diaphragm (DMH) and intercostalmuscles (IMH)within the early PMP (3-13 hours after the coming of death) on 30 human corpses. MTwas sampled in conditions of postmortem biopsy with use of special instruments; MT homogenateswere prepared following the standard technique with subsequent determination of cholinesterase content in MT homogenates.
Results and discussion: The analysis of postmortem changes in the content ofcholinesterase in MT depending upon PDC revealed that after 3 hours from the moment of death comingits highest content was in muscles of the oesophagus, the least one being in MT of the intercostal muscles(respectively, (2,717.1±37.1) and (883.5±6.2) U/g, р<0.001). Levels of cholinesterase content in MT ofthe myocardium and diaphragm were rather close, though they differed (respectively, (1,213.8±8.8) and(1,512.8±11.5) U/g, р<0.05), and occupied an intermediate place between the corresponding values of MTof the intercostal muscles and oesophagus.A common pattern for the content of cholinesterase in differenttypes of MT was characterized by a decrease of this content with an increase in PDC terms; besides, thedynamic lines of its changes, that we obtained, became basic ones for substantiating quantitative timedependencies and construction of relevant nomograms for forensic diagnosis of PDC by cholinesterase content in MT.
Conclusions: It was proved that the content of cholinesterase in all MT homogenates,which we studied, changed regularly (and nonlinearly), but the initial and final levels of cholinesterasecontent differed depending upon the type of MT. Besides, the dynamics in changes of the content ofcholinesterase within the time period of 3÷13 hours from the moment of death coming differed uponthe type of MT too. Advantages of the technique consist in theintegrity of biochemical examinationof different types of MT and simplicity in interpretation of findings. The application of the nomogramtechnique for assessing PDC by cholinesterase content in MT makes it possible to improve the accuracyof diagnosis for terms of the coming of death up to 60 minutes.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.95-100
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-Ina) versus the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-Ina) For Detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment among The Elderly
Authors: Untari Ida , Subijanto Achmad Arman , Mirawati Diah Kurnia , Sanusi Rossi 
Published: December 2020

Background: There are many neuropsychological instruments are used for screening cognitivefunctions in adults, with or without health problems such asthe MMSE-Ina and MoCA-Ina.
Objectives:This study was designed to test the correlations and differences between MMSE-Inaand MoCA-Ina for early detection of decreasing cognitive function in the elderly.
Methods: Total278 subjects were randomly selected from the 17 sub dictricts of Surakarta Municipality, CentralJava, Indonesia. Data collection was carried out in December 2018 and January 2019, withallsubjects individually interviewed using two cognitive tests (which lasted 30 – 45 minutes) alongwith physical and neurological examinations. The MMSE-Ina and MoCA-Ina scores of eachparticipant were correlated using the non-parametric Spearman rank test. Both scores werecompared based on level of education and gender.
Results: The MoCa-Ina detected using MCIwas 215 (77.3%) while MMSE-Ina was 189 (68%), with 176 (63.3%) in severe 10 (3.5%).This study also showed a strong correlation between the MMSE-Ina and MoCA-Ina scores (r= 0.633 p < 0.000). The cut pointin this study were 23/24 for the MMSE-Ina and 25/26 for theMoCA-Ina which was less than 23 and 25,indicated cognitive impairment.
Conclusion: TheMoCA-Ina is usedto screen cognitive impairment in the elderly.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.164-169
Primary Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma originating from the masseter muscle
Authors: Min Hyun Jin , Kim Kyung Soo 
Published: December 2020

Recently, as we experienced a case of extranodal NHL originating from the masseter musclecompletely cured by chemotherapy with radiotherapy, we present the clinical, US, CT, andMR imaging findings in additional one case of biopsy-proved extranodal NHL (NK/T celllymphoma) involving predominantly the masseter muscle also review thoroughly our collectedcases of primary non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma involving the muscles of mastication and facialexpression. On the basis of our comprehensive review, we suggest two conclusions. First, primarymuscle lymphoma particularly originating from muscles of mastication and facial expression isextremely rare, but primary muscle lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnosisof muscular masses. Second, primary muscle lymphoma particularly originating from muscles ofmastication and facial expression has similar clinical and radiological characteristics to primaryskeletal muscle lymphoma involving other sites. However, the prognosis is more favorablein primary muscle lymphoma originating from muscles of mastication and facial expressioncompared to primary skeletal muscle lymphoma involving other sites.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.181-186
An asymptomatic case report with Prolonged Viral Clearance: an issue to ponder COVID-19 control and containment
Authors: Sultana Shahnaz , Saha Avirup , Khan Shakila Nargis , Karim Muhammad Manjurul 
Published: December 2020

A 58-year-old man was tested positive for COVID-19 with mild clinical symptoms. Although symptoms resolved within 2 days, the patient was tested positive again on day 29 post-illness after a negative test. It took more than 40 days to become a negative carrier of SARS-CoV-2. Such asymptomatic cases raise questions on the recommended isolation period. If not contained, these asymptomatic carriers could create challenges for disease control by allowing infection back to the community. A lengthened isolation of patients with COVID-19 for 6 weeks postillness could be a safeguard for the community.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.187-189
Orthodontic Management of Bilaterally Impacted Maxillary Canines
Authors: Alfawzan Ahmed Ali , Alam Mohammad Khursheed 
Published: December 2020

Background: Proper diagnosis and treatment planning are the first steps in management of bilateral impacted maxillary canines (BIMC).
Case Presentation: A 14 years old Saudi female patient with Class II subdivision right molar relationship and BIMC managed by comprehensive orthodontic treatment.
Conclusion: A well-balanced occlusion by orthodontic management of the case has been done.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.212-215
Combate à COVID – 19: Um olhar para as medidas de prevenção com ênfase no isolamento social
Authors: Alves Rayssa Stéfani Sousa , Sousa Francisco Lucas Leandro de , Leite Airton César , Silva Mariana Pereira Barbosa , Barbosa Talita Costa , Barbosa Júnior Lindemberg , Serra Júlia Lião , Soares Igor Lima , Fagundes Guilia Rivele Souza , Silvestre Filipe Eugênio Rodrigues , Silva Laíssa Almeida Custódio da , Resende Carlos Ananias Aparecido , Silva João Kelson Araújo da , Lima Artenizia Criste , Mesquita Gustavo Nunes de , Borges Paulo Roberto Pereira 
Published: December 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar as estratégias de combate à COVID-19, com ênfase no isolamento social. Trata-se, de um estudo de revisão integrativa de literatura, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado por meio da busca de artigos indexados nas seguintes bases de dados: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), National Center for Biotechnology Information (PUBMED), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Os critérios de inclusão compreendem pesquisas de revisão da literatura compreendendo o ano de 2020. Os critérios de exclusão, foram artigos duplicados, incompletos, resumos, resenhas, debates, e relato de experiência. Foram analisados 05 artigos e 04 estudos referentes à entidades de saúde. Os resultados do estudo constataram que, são várias as estratégias e recomendações que visam combater e prevenir a disseminação da COVID-19. Portanto, até o momento, não existem medicamentos ou outras medidas terapêuticas para atuar na erradicação da doença. Várias pesquisas têm sido desenvolvidas nesse sentido, assim como a avaliação e investigação da eficácia de medicamentos já existentes, para atuação no combate ao novo coronavírus. Concluímos que, as medidas preventivas à COVID – 19, ainda não são suficientes para o combate da pandemia. Portanto algumas estratégias preventivas apresentam efetividade na redução do número de casos suspeitos e confirmados da doença, devido o limitado contato com a sociedade, resultando na baixa capacidade de transmissão do vírus.
The Influence of Perch Height Selection on Vocalization of Pied Triller, Lalage nigra (Aves: Campephagidae) in Suburban Landscapes, Sarawak
Authors: MOHAMAD FIZL SIDQ RAMJI  , AMERA NATASHA MAH MUHAMMAD ADAM MAH  
Published: December 2020

Understanding how birds utilised songs and calls to communicate among conspecifics is crucial for their survival, yet it remains an understudied area in bird ecology. We studied the influence of perch height selection on the vocalisation of Pied Triller, a common garden bird, in two suburban landscapes namely Pustaka Negeri Sarawak Recreational Park, Kuching and Universiti Malaysia Sarawak campus, Kota Samarahan from October 2018 to February 2019. Using a Marantz recorder connected to a parabolic reflector, we recorded calls and songs during morning (0630-1030 hr) and late afternoon (1600-1830 hr). Perch object, tree species, roost substrate and perch height from the ground were identified and measured. Clear and good quality spectrograms were used directly to describe song and call types. Photos and video recordings were analysed to describe perch behaviour. The vocal output representatives were then matched to the corresponding behaviour displayed. Our results revealed that Pied Trillers emit four different vocal outputs namely (i) song type, (ii) call type A, (iii) call type B and (iv) call type C. A total of nine behaviours were observed, of which the perch-hop behaviour was observed the most from both male and female Pied Trillers (33.71%), followed by perching (29.21%), foraging (20.22%), preening (7.78%), defecating (2.25%), eating (2.25%), roosting (2.25%), bill wipe (1.12%) and flight (1.12%). They prefer to roost on high perch to emit calls compared to songs. This probably suggest that Pied Triller prioritised vocal transmission and signalling to avoid being masked by surrounding anthropogenic noises and to avoid being conspicuous to potential predators. The most frequently visited perch object was the Weeping fig tree, Ficus benjamina.

Keywords: Call, perch height, Pied Triller, song, suburban landscapes
Species Composition and Ecological Distribution of the Subfamily Cicindelinae Latreille, 1801 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Based on Voucher Specimens in Sarawak
Authors: Isaac Stia Marcellinus , Sazali Siti Nurlydia , Hazali Ratnawati , Abdul Razak Ahmad Irfan , Abu Hasan Aidil Fitri Farah Nabillah 
Published: December 2020

The subfamily Cicindelinae which belongs to the family Carabidae are commonly known as tiger beetles. Despite the recent studies conducted on this taxon, current ecological knowledge on tiger beetles is limited. Thus, this study aimed to provide a current checklist of tiger beetles as well as their species distribution, abundances and habitat preferences in Sarawak based on voucher specimens from Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Insect Reference Collection (UIRC). A total of 76 specimens of tiger beetles were examined in which comprising of seven genera from eight species. The genus Neocollyris was represented with two species, namely Neocollyris (s. str.) ermaginata and Neocollyris (Stenocollyris) sarawakensis macrodera, while the other genera were represented by only one species, respectively. The most abundant species with 64 individuals (84.21%) were represented by Cosmodela aurulenta, followed by Abroscelis tenuipes araneipes and Therates labiatus with three individuals (3.95%) and N. ermaginata with two individuals (2.63%). In this study, there were eight ecological habitats being identified, namely heath forest, limestone forest, littoral forest, mixed dipterocarp forest, oil palm plantation, peat swamp forest, riverine forest and urban area. The data indicates that C. aurulenta being recorded at seven ecological habitats suggesting this species to have a wide distribution capability while species such as A. tenuipes araneipes, Callytron doriai, Cicindela sp., Myriochila (s. str.) specularis brevipennis, N. ermaginata and N. s. macrodera suggesting these species to have a very narrow habitat specialisation. The results of this preliminary study provide evidence on the need to conduct further studies on the ecological aspects of tiger beetles in Sarawak.

Keywords: Cicindelinae, ecological distribution, Sarawak, tiger beetles, voucher specimens