bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding circular economy implementation in the agri-food supply chain: the case of an Indonesian organic fertiliser producer
Authors: Nattassha Ruth , Handayati Yuanita , Simatupang Togar M. , Siallagan Manahan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundOne of the most important issues in the agri-food industry and its supply chain is the existence of by-products, treated as wastes and discarded immediately to waste disposal. This treatment might lead to loss of possibility in gaining economic value from them. Implementation of a circular economy could prevent the economic value loss, since the circular economy utilises said wastes as resources for other processes. However, the enforcement has obstacles and a lack of explanation in the literature, particularly in the case of an organic fertiliser producer.Results and conclusionsThis research develops a conceptual model of an organic fertiliser producer through the soft systems methodology approach. The results shed light on the ongoing literature by identifying the overall system and relevant components. Further, this study highlights several issues, the most important of which is the lack of interaction between the company and the farmers, which decrease the farmers’ desire to purchase the organic fertiliser. For better implementation of circular economy in this particular supply chain, it is suggested that the company establish better communication with their customers, the farmers, especially to gain better understanding of their wants and needs.
It hurts inside: a qualitative study investigating social exclusion and bullying among adolescents reporting frequent pain and high use of non-prescription analgesics
Authors: Skarstein Siv , Helseth Sølvi , Kvarme Lisbeth Gravdal 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Being bullied and socially excluded interferes with the fundamental need for humans to belong to a social group, which is necessary for well-being. This might underpin pain and the use of non-prescription analgesics.

Aim
The aim of the study was to gain insight into how social exclusion and bullying affect well-being in adolescents reporting frequent pain and high use of non-prescription analgesics.

Methods
A phenomenological hermeneutical method based on in-depth interviews was used. Nineteen teenagers, 14–16 years of age voluntarily participated in the study. Those included had frequent pain and used non-prescription analgesics daily or several times a week.

Results
Bullying and social exclusion affects thoughts, feelings and attitudes and thereby the quality of life of the adolescents we interviewed. They described feelings such as sadness, loneliness and depression, and a sense of being an outsider among peers was common. It also appears that bullying has significant potential to spread in a school environment.

Conclusion
The adolescents were self-aware and well-articulated. They conceptualised their experiences of being socially excluded and bullied. They described being socially excluded and bullied by peers as painful and they used non-prescription analgesics to alleviate pain. Teachers and health professionals should be aware of frequent pain and high use of non-prescribed analgesic medication as signs of psychosocial stress caused by social exclusion and bullying. Social exclusion and bullying should be systematically mapped, and targeted interventions implemented.
Oritavancin for the treatment of complicated gram-positive infection in persons who inject drugs
Authors: Ahiskali Aileen , Rhodes Heather 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Treatment of complicated infections in persons who inject drugs (PWID) and patients experiencing homelessness poses a unique challenge to clinicians. Long-acting lipoglycopeptide antibiotics, such as oritavancin, may facilitate extended courses of outpatient intravenous therapy while avoiding the need for central lines, improving compliance and thus increasing the chance of clinical cure.

Methods
Retrospective chart review of adult PWID who received at least one dose of oritavancin for a gram-positive infection between 1/1/17 and 6/30/19 at a large safety net hospital.

Results
Twenty three PWID received 24 courses of at least one dose of oritavancin for a gram-positive infection; 16 were experiencing homelessness at the time of diagnosis. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was the most common infecting pathogen and bone or joint the most frequent infection site. Nineteen encounters resulted in clinical cure, including 5 whose conditions improved despite non-adherence to their prescribed regimen. Three patients experienced a non-favorable outcome. Two patients experienced mild adverse drug reactions that did not interfere with therapy; no patients died while on therapy.

Conclusion
Oritavancin may be a clinically effective treatment option for the management of complicated gram-positive infections in PWID and patients experiencing homelessness. Further studies should be performed to validate these results.
Intracellular dynamics of Ataxin-2 in the human brains with normal and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions
Authors: Watanabe Ryohei , Higashi Shinji , Nonaka Takashi , Kawakami Ito , Oshima Kenichi , Niizato Kazuhiro , Akiyama Haruhiko , Yoshida Mari , Hasegawa Masato , Arai Tetsuaki 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is a major component of intracellular aggregates formed in brains of the patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which are correctively referred to as TDP-43 proteinopathies. A link between Ataxin-2 (ATXN2) and TDP-43 proteinopathies was established when intermediate CAG repeat expansions of ATXN2 gene were found to be associated with ALS and it was shown that ATXN2 modifies TDP-43 toxicity. Although ATXN2’s contribution to TDP-43 proteinopathies has been mostly studied in ALS, recent studies have shown that intermediate repeat expansions of ATXN2 also influence the phenotype of FTLD by an unknown mechanism. To address this issue, we immunohistochemically and biochemically analyzed the intracellular dynamics of ATXN2 in brains of normal controls and FTLD-TDP cases. The immunohistochemical studies revealed that ATXN2 localized in the neuronal cytoplasm and proximal dendrites, and expressed widely and uniformly in normal human brains. A semi-quantitative immunofluorescent analysis of normal brains revealed that the cytoplasmic ATXN2 strongly associates with ribosomal protein S6 and poly-A binding protein 1 and partially overlaps with the endoplasmic reticulum marker Calnexin, suggesting a major role of ATXN2 in protein synthesis. The results of immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses of brains from FTLD-TDP cases showed the colocalization of ATXN2 and phosphorylated TDP-43 in the dystrophic neurites and the neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions in the hippocampal region, and a significant reduction of ATXN2 protein compared to controls. These results suggest that ATXN2 is involved in the pathological process of FTLD-TDP. It remains to be clarified whether reduced ATXN2 expression induces neurodegeneration by impairing protein synthesis or plays a neuroprotective role by attenuating the toxicity of TDP-43 aggregates in FTLD-TDP and other TDP-43 proteinopathies.
Olfactory-colour crossmodal correspondences in art, science, and design
Authors: Spence Charles 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe last few years have seen a rapid growth of interest amongst researchers in the crossmodal correspondences. One of the correspondences that has long intrigued artists is the putative association between colours and odours. While traditionally conceptualised in terms of synaesthesia, over the last quarter century or so, at least 20 published peer-reviewed articles have assessed the consistent, and non-random, nature of the colours that people intuitively associate with specific (both familiar and unfamiliar) odours in a non-food context. Having demonstrated such consistent mappings amongst the general (i.e. non-synaesthetic) population, researchers have now started to investigate whether they are shared cross-culturally, and to document their developmental acquisition. Over the years, several different explanations have been put forward by researchers for the existence of crossmodal correspondences, including the statistical, semantic, structural, and emotional-mediation accounts. While several of these approaches would appear to have some explanatory validity as far as the odour-colour correspondences are concerned, contemporary researchers have focussed on learned associations as the dominant explanatory framework. The nature of the colour-odour associations that have been reported to date appear to depend on the familiarity of the odour and the ease of source naming, and hence the kind of association/representation that is accessed. While the bidirectionality of odour-colour correspondences has not yet been rigorously assessed, many designers are nevertheless already starting to build on odour-colour crossmodal correspondences in their packaging/labelling/branding work.
User experiences on implementation of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) in a Haematological outpatient clinic
Authors: Thestrup Hansen Stine , Kjerholt Mette , Friis Christensen Sarah , Brodersen John , Hølge-Hazelton Bibi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundPROMs can help healthcare professionals gain an improved understanding of patients’ physical burdens, functional levels, and (health-related) quality of life throughout disease and medical treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the barriers and potential opportunities PROMs may present in a haematological outpatient clinic from three different perspectives: patients, nurses and haematologists.MethodsThe present study synthesizes three previously published studies that separately explored the experiences of patients, nurses and haematologists when implementing PROMs. The studies were all guided by the qualitative methodology Interpretive Description, including a focused ethnographic approach, to develop implications for future practice.ResultsThe overall themes that emerged from the analysis were “Structural similarities influence the adoption of PROMs” and “Different perspectives on the potential of PROMs.”ConclusionAcross the different user groups in the haematological outpatient clinic, the use of PROMs was thwarted due to an unquestioned commitment to biomedical knowledge and the system’s rationality and norms: PROM data was not used in patient consultations. Nurses and haematologists expressed different preferences related to potential future PROMs and different objectives for PROMs in clinical practice. From the different perspectives of the patients, nurses and haematologists, PROMs were not compatible with clinical practice. Further research is recommended to develop PROMs validated for use in haematological outpatient clinics. Moreover, implementation strategies adjusted to the structural barriers of the system are crucial.
The role of nicotinic receptors in SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 expression in intestinal epithelia
Authors: ten Hove Anne S. , Brinkman David J. , Li Yim Andrew Y. F. , Verseijden Caroline , Hakvoort Theo B. M. , Admiraal Iris , Welting Olaf , van Hamersveld Patricia H. P. , Sinniger Valérie , Bonaz Bruno , Luyer Misha D. , de Jonge Wouter J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Recent evidence demonstrated that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) propagates in intestinal epithelial cells expressing Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), implying that these cells represent an important entry site for the viral infection. Nicotinic receptors (nAChRs) have been put forward as potential regulators of inflammation and of ACE2 expression. As vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) activates nAChRs, we aimed to investigate whether VNS can be instrumental in affecting intestinal epithelial ACE2 expression.

Methods
By using publicly available datasets we qualified epithelial ACE2 expression in human intestine, and assessed gene co-expression of ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 priming Transmembrane Serine Protease 2 (TMPRSS2) with nAChRs in intestinal epithelial cells. Next, we investigated mouse and human ACE2 expression in intestinal tissues after chronic VNS via implanted devices.

Results
We show co-expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 with nAChRs and α7 nAChR in particular in intestinal stem cells, goblet cells, and enterocytes. However, VNS did not affect ACE2 expression in murine or human intestinal tissue, albeit in colitis setting.

Conclusions
ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are specifically expressed in epithelial cells of human intestine, and both are co-expressed with nAChRs. However, no evidence for regulation of ACE2 expression through VNS could be found. Hence, a therapeutic value of VNS with respect to SARS-CoV-2 infection risk through ACE2 receptor modulation in intestinal epithelia could not be established.
A comparative study of the phenotype with kainic acid-induced seizure in DBA/2 mice from three different sources
Authors: Kang Kyung-Ku , Kim Young-In , Seo Min-Soo , Sung Soo-Eun , Choi Joo-Hee , Lee Sijoon , Jung Young-Suk , Cho Joon Young , Hwang Dae Youn , Park Sang-Joon , Kim Kil Soo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The kainic acid-induced seizure mouse model is widely used in epilepsy research. In this study, we applied kainic acid to the subcutaneous injections of three different sources of DBA/2 mice to compare and evaluate the seizure response. The three mouse sources consisted of DBA/2Kor1 (Korea FDA source), DBA/2A (USA source), and DBA/2 (Japan source), and were purchased from different vendors. To compare the responses of DBA/2 mice to kainic acid injections, we examined the survival rate, seizure phenotype scoring, and behavioral changes. We also evaluated brain lesions using histopathological analysis. Following the administration of kainic acid, almost half of the cohort survived, and the seizure phenotype displayed a moderate level of sensitivity (2 ~ 4 out of 6). In the histopathologic analysis, there was no change in morphological features, and levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) increased in the kainic acid-treated groups. However, there was no difference in the neuronal nuclei (NeuN) expression level. All the data showed that the responses in the kainic acid-treated group were similar across the three strains. In conclusion, our results suggest that the three sources of DBA/2 mice (DBA/2Kor1, DBA/2A, and DBA/2B) have similar pathological responses to kainic acid-induced seizures.
Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of acomplex mixture of Lactobacillus paracasei HP7 including the extract of Perilla frutescens var. acuta and Glycyrrhiza glabra
Authors: Lee Hyun-A , Kim Joo-Yun , Kim Jisoo , Nam Bora , Kim Okjin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The effect of standard therapeutic strategies on Helicobacter pylori infection is diminished over time owing to the emergence of drug resistant strains. In this study, we would like to confirm the enhanced effect of L. paracasei HP7, which has been reported to exert antibacterial and gastric mucosal protective effects, in combination with Perilla frutescens var. acuta (P. frutescens)and Glycyrrhiza glabra (G. glabra) extracts.
P. frutescens extract and G. glabra extract were found to inhibit the growth of H. pylori in a concentration-dependent manner, and the combination of L. paracasei HP7 and P. frutescens extract and G. glabra extract effectively inhibited H. pylori from attaching to AGS a gastric epithelial cells. Moreover, L. paracasei HP7 complex mixture containing P. frutescens and G. glabra extracts has been shown to inhibit H. pylori virulence genes such as AlpA, CagA, FlaA and UreA. When H. pylori-infected mice were administered a complex mixture of L. paracasei HP7 containing P. frutescens and G. glabra extract, the infection rate of H. pylori was significantly reduced. In addition, the L. paracasei HP7 complex mixture significantly reduced serum IL-8 levels and stomach inflammation in H. pylori infected mice.
These results suggest that a complex mixture of L. paracasei HP7 containing P. frutescens and G. glabra extracts may be an alternative to treating diseases caused by H. pylori infection.
Field apple scab susceptibility of a diverse
Malus
germplasm collection identifies potential sources of resistance for apple breeding
Authors: Papp David , Gao Liqiang , Thapa Ranjita , Olmstead Dan , Khan Awais 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background

Breeding for resistance to apple scab (caused by
Venturia inaequalis
), the most devastating fungal disease of apples, relies on genetic resources maintained in germplasm collections.

Methods

To identify new sources of scab resistance, we evaluated 177
Malus
accessions, including 27 primary and 13 hybrid
Malus
species from diverse geographical origins, in an orchard at Geneva, New York. We also screened a differential host set for 2 years to monitor for changes in the effectiveness of ten known scab resistance genes, which allowed us to confirm the presence of virulent pathogen races in the orchard.

Results

We found that ~ 37% of the wild
Malus
accessions and domesticated cultivars were resistant to apple scab in the field. Several of these accessions were unrelated to sources of previously known resistance genes and are promising for apple scab genetic research and resistance breeding. Cultivars carrying the
Rvi6
(
Vf
) gene from
Malus floribunda
clone 821, e.g. ‘Liberty’ or ‘Florina’, remained resistant despite the breakdown of
Rvi6
. ‘Demir’, a
Malus
hybrid from Turkey, and ‘Chisel Jersey’, a traditional English hard cider cultivar, showed fewer symptoms than the
Rvi6
resistant cultivar ‘Prima’. Races 1 to 7 and 9 of
V. inaequalis
were present in the orchard, but no scab was observed on the indicator host accessions for races 11 and 12.

Conclusions

Detailed and systematic screening of
Malus
germplasm identified resistant and moderately resistant donor accessions based on resistance reaction types. These accessions are promising for use in future genetic studies to identify novel sources of scab resistance alleles for apple breeding to develop cultivars with durable apple scab resistance.
A review of dental cone-beam CT dose conversion coefficients
Authors: Mah Eugene , Ritenour E Russell , Yao Hai 
Published: October 2020

Objective:The purpose of this study was to review the literature to examine the usage and magnitude of effective dose conversion factors (DCE) for dental cone beam CT (CBCT) scanners.Methods:A PubMed literature search for publications relating to radiation dosimetry in dental radiography was performed. Papers were included if they reported DCE, or reported ICRP 103 effective dose and dose-area product. 71 papers relating to dental CBCT dosimetry were found, of which eight reported effective dose conversion factors or provided enough information to calculate dose conversion factors. Scanner model, effective dose, dose-area product, tube voltage, field of view size and DCEwere extracted from the papers for analysis.Results:DCEvalues ranged from 0.035 to 0.31 µSv/mGy-cm2with a mean of 0.129 µSv/mGy-cm2(SD = 0.056). When categorized into small (<100 cm2), medium (100–225 cm2) and large (>225 cm2) fields of view (FOV), linear fits to the effective dose and dose-area product yielded slopes of 0.129, 0.111 and 0.074 µSv/mGy-cm2for small, medium and large FOVs respectively.Conclusion:The range of reported DCEvalues and spread with respect to field of view category suggests that DCEvalues that depend on FOV would provide more accurate effective dose estimates. Tube voltage was found to be a smaller factor in determining DCE. Reasonable values for DCEtaking into account FOV size were obtained. There is considerable room for more work to be done to examine the behaviour of DCEwith changes to patient age and dental CBCT imaging parameters.
Frequency-domain optical coherence tomography with undetected mid-infrared photons
Authors: Vanselow Aron , Kaufmann Paul , Zorin Ivan , Heise Bettina , Chrzanowski Helen M. , Ramelow Sven 
Published: October 2020

Mid-infrared (mid-IR) light scatters much less than shorter wavelengths, allowing greatly enhanced penetration depths for optical imaging techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT). However, both detection and broadband sources in the mid-IR are technologically challenging. Interfering entangled photons in a nonlinear interferometer enables sensing with undetected photons, making mid-IR sources and detectors obsolete. Here we implement mid-IR frequency-domain OCT based on ultra-broadband entangled photon pairs spanning from 3.3 to 4.3 µm. We demonstrate 10 µm axial and 20 µm lateral resolution 2D and 3D imaging of strongly scattering ceramic and paint samples. By intrinsically being limited only by shot noise, we observe

times more sensitivity per integration time and power of the probe light. Together with the vastly reduced footprint and technical complexity, our technique can outperform conventional approaches with classical mid-IR light sources.
Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with 98% system detection efficiency at 1550  nm
Authors: Reddy Dileep V. , Nerem Robert R. , Nam Sae Woo , Mirin Richard P. , Verma Varun B. 
Published: October 2020

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are an enabling technology for myriad quantum-optics experiments that require high-efficiency detection, large count rates, and precise timing resolution. The system detection efficiencies (SDEs) for fiber-coupled SNSPDs have fallen short of theoretical predictions of near unity by at least 7%, with the discrepancy being attributed to scattering, material absorption, and other SNSPD dynamics. We optimize the design and fabrication of an all-dielectric layered stack and fiber coupling package in order to achieve

98.0
±
0.5
%

SDE, measured for single-mode-fiber guided photons derived from a highly attenuated 1550 nm continuous-wave laser. This enforces a smaller bound on the scattering and absorption losses in such systems and opens the use of SNSPDs for scenarios that demand high-SDE for throughput and fidelity.
Acompañamiento situado como estrategia pedagógica para el fortalecimiento de formación docente
Authors: Bello Guerrero Alejandra , Herrera Valdés Martha Ligia , Alarcon Lora Andres Antonio 
Published: October 2020

Esta ponencia está adscrita al grupo de investigación RUECA, desde la línea de investigación “Formación y Desarrollo del Profesorado” articulado con el proyecto de investigación:, Estudio comparativo de formación docente de educación inicial- Región centro Perú, España y en Universidades Estatales Del Caribe Colombiano, la cual da cuenta de la experiencia de formación docente desde la estrategia de acompañamiento situado que ha venido cobrando importancia dentro de la política Educativa en Colombia que propone y realiza un planteamiento integrador enfocado al mejoramiento de la práctica educativa y de los aprendizajes de los estudiantes.
En Colombia se ha venido implementando esta estrategia desde diferentes ámbitos de formación docente (Maestrías en educación, Diplomados de formación pedagógica, Programa Todos a Aprender, entre otros), para dar respuesta a los retos que debe enfrentar el docente de Educación Infantil como son: atención a grupos heterogéneos, las diferencias de grupos culturales y sociales, las nuevas tecnologías etc., lo que exige del docente una formación constante que lo motive a transformar y renovar su práctica.