bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Land Use and Land Cover Change on Tse Gavar Forest Reserve, Vandeikya Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Ikyaagba Emmanuel Tertsea , Jande Joseph Asen , Abiem Mercy Kpadoo 
Published: March 2020

Forests are considered to be the very basis for human existence as they touch virtually every aspect of human endeavour. Despite the numerous benefits of forests, the world is experiencing unprecedented degradation of forest and its resources; this is mainly attributed to land use and land cover (LULC) change. Therefore, monitoring of these changes has become a necessity. Hence, the use of remotely sensed data in conjunction with GIS for land use and land cover analysis of Tse Gavar community forest in Vandeikya Local Government Area would definitely enhance the available data for sustainable management and promotion of community forest in the State. This study made use of mostly secondary data from pre-existing satellites imageries. The Landsat TM for 1986, Landsat ETM+ for 2001 and 2012 as well as OLI for 2018 images were sourced from the Earthexplorer platform from United States Geological Surveys (USGS), Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF) and GloVis. Images were subjected to various image processing techniques and supervised classification was carried out on the various images. The classification resulted in classes of farmland, other vegetation, forest area and bare land. The percentage of LULC in Tse Gavar Forest Reserve indicated that farmland increased from 5.78% in 1986 to 18.25% in 2018. Shrubland also increased from 3.06% in 1986 to 21.08% in 2018. Forested area decreased from 84.17% in 1986 to 59.38% in 2018. The magnitude of land use/land cover change within the 32 years period showed that 9.36 Ha of the forest area was lost to other forms of land use, the bare land area lost within the period was 0.09 Ha to other land uses. Farmland area increased by 4.32 Ha within the period, shrubland increased by 5078.88 km2. It was established that just like other protected areas, land use and land cover changes are going on in the Tse Gavar community forest reserve. Enrichment planting of the reserve was recommended.
SINIF ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN OKUL YÖNETİMİNE KATILIMLARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: CAN Ertuğ , OZAN Caner 
Published: March 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmenlerinin okul yönetimine katılım durumlarını belirlemek ve
okul yönetimine etkili katılımlarını sağlayacak öneriler geliştirebilmektir. Araştırmanın çalışma
grubu, 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılında İstanbul Bağcılar’da resmî ilkokullarda görevli 24 sınıf
öğretmeni ve 7 okul yöneticisinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgu
bilim deseninde plan- lanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, yarı yapılandırılmış 5 açık uçlu sorudan
oluşan görüşme formu yardımıyla elde edilmiş ve içerik analizi tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir.
Araştırma bulgularına göre öğretmenler okul yönetimine resmî toplantılar yoluyla kısmen de olsa
katılım sağlamaktadır. Yönetici ve öğretmen görüşlerine göre, sınıf öğretmenlerinin okul yöne-
timine etkin katılımlarının olumlu etkileri olmaktadır. Ancak yöneticilerin ve öğretmenlerin
olumsuz tutumları, yönetici atamalarında liyakatsizlik, öğretmenler arasındaki iletişim
eksikliği, öğretmenlerin yasal düzenlemeleri bilmemesi ve yasal kısıtlamalar nedeni ile
öğretmenlerin isteksiz olmaları, yönetime katılımı engellemektedir. Araştırma bulgularına göre,
sınıf öğretmenleri okul yönetimine etkili katılım sağlayamamaktadır. Sınıf öğretmenlerinin okul
yönetimine etkili katılımı için okulda kararlar alınırken öğretmenlerin fikirlerinin alınması,
yasal düzenlemeler konusunda bilgilendirilmeleri ve nitelikli okul yöneticilerinin seçilmesi
faydalı olabilir.
Daily Activity Related Quality of Life in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Adults
Authors: Yousaf Ruhamah , Arif Muhammad , Ullah Qudrat , Rafique Saima , Hanif Asif , Ali Mustansar 
Published: March 2020

Abstract:
Background: The significant reason for anguish as well as incapacity is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Activities of daily living might be relentlessly curbed among patients with COPD and appraisal needs evaluation regarding influence of infirmity and detriments on day-to-day living. The primary objective was to know the daily activity associated quality of life in COPD adults. The secondary objective was to analyze demographical profile, such as gender and age of COPD subjects as well as evaluate the physical activity related breathlessness in COPD patients.
Methodology: This study was executed at Gulab Devi Chest Hospital. We used cross sectional study design to collect the data. For collecting the statistics of 150 subjects aged 40-60 years of either gender Saint George’s Questionnaire was liable. It included the patient’s biodata, effect of COPD on physical activities and limitations in routine work.
Results: The ages of 150 COPD patients selected were between 40 and 60 years. Patients were classified into two categories on the basis of disease severity according to GOLD criteria 71 (47.3%) were with moderate severity and 79 (52.7%) were with severe severity. 113 (75.3%) patients were smokers while 37 (24.7%) patients were non-smokers. 110 (73.3%) COPD patients were active smokers in comparison 40 (26.7%) COPD patients were passive smokers. COPD patients with current smoking status were 79 (52.7%) and with past smoking status were 71 (47.3%). 19 (12.7%) COPD patients felt breathlessness while sitting and lying. 53(35.3%) COPD patients felt breathless while getting washed or dressed. 85(56.7%) COPD patients felt breathless while walking around the home. 114 (96%) COPD patients discerned breathlessness while walking up a flight of stairs. 145 (96.7%) COPD patients had breathlessness while playing sports or games. 146 (97.3%) COPD patients experienced difficulty in breathing during activities like carrying load. 88 (58.7%) COPD patients discerned breathlessness during entertainment or recreation. 88 (58.7%) COPD patients discerned breathlessness during entertainment or recreation. 7 (4.7%) COPD patients felt breathlessness while moving from bed or chair.
Conclusion: As with the progression of COPD impairment in activities become worse due to breathlessness causing decline in patient’s ability making them unable to complete their task to fulfill the needs of life and ultimately become bed bound due to shortness of breath.
Risk Factors of Diarrhoea in Malnourished Children under Age of 5 Years
Authors: Iftikhar Madiha , Ulhaq Zabinfat , Ullah Qudrat , Saleem Sana , Hanif Asif 
Published: March 2020

Abstract:
Background: Acute infectious enteritis remains one of the commonest causes of death among infants and children in developing countries. Acute enteritis is defined as a loss of stool consistency with pasty or liquid stools, and/or an increase in stool frequency to more than three stools in 24 hours with or without fever or vomiting. Human survival depends on the secretion and reabsorption of fluid and electrolytes in the intestinal tract. The objective of the study is to evaluate the risk factors of diarrhoea in children under age of 5 years.
Methodology: It was an observational study. Study was completed in about six months. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. In this study, 270 samples were taken from Diarrheal ward of The Children Hospital Lahore, Pakistan.
Results: In this study, out of 270 patients, 58.52% were males and 41.48% were females. 90.37% patients were vaccinated. 54.81% had weaning history. 91.85% patients had feeding history. 29.26% had blood in stool. 96.67% patients were dehydrated. 95.56% patients had loose watery diarrhoea. 62.96% patients used boiled water. 58.52% patients consumed less than half litre of water, 30.00% patients consumed 1 litre of water and 11.48% patients consumed > 1 litre of water. 49.18% patients had proper hygiene. 38.15% mothers of patients were well educated. 40.37% patients had model household condition. 57.41% patients lived in rural area and 42.59% patients lived in urban area.
Conclusion: The variation in the level of diarrheal morbidity was well explained by maternal education, income, personal hygiene, refuse disposal system and the effect of health extension programme.
Dichromacy: Color Vision Impairment and Consanguinity in Heterogenous Population of Pakistan
Authors: Akhtar Muhammad Shoaib , Aslamkhan Muhammad , Zar Mian Sahib , Hanif Asif , Haris Abdul Rehman 
Published: March 2020

Abstract:
Background and Objectives: Dichromacy, an X-linked recessive disorder is identified worldwide, more in males than females. In European Caucasians, its incidence is 8% in males and 0.5% in females. In India, it is 8.73% in males and 1.69% in females, and in Iran, it is 8.18% in males and 0.43% in females. Population based epidemiological data about dichromacy in different ethnic groups in Pakistan is not available. The aim of this study was to find out the population prevalence of inherited red-green dichromacy in a heterogenous population of the district of Chiniot, Punjab, Pakistan, and to determine the impact of consanguinity and ethnicity.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, boys and girls of the higher secondary schools were examined in the three tehsils of district Chiniot. Pseudoisochromatic Ishihara Test has been employed for detection of dichromacy in the study population. The sample size was calculated statistically as 260, which was expanded to 705 and divided by population density of the three tehsils.
Results: Screening of 359 males and 346 females revealed 19 (5.29%) dichromat males and only 2 (0.58%) females. The study population belonged to 23 castes / isonym groups. The consanguinity found in the district of Chiniot is 84.82% and in the dichromat families, it is 85.71%, of which 52.37% are first cousin.
Interpretation & Conclusion: The study has shown that the incidence of dichromacy could be reduced through genetic counseling
Frequency of Predisposing Factor of Nausea and Vomiting after Chest Surgery under General Anaesthesia
Authors: Ullah Qudrat , Shahnawaz Ayesha , Rehman Usman Ali , Hanif Asif , Bhatti Sami Ullah , Ulhaq Zabinfat 
Published: March 2020

Abstract:
Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting are common and distressing postsurgical symptoms. These symptoms are of particular concern in outpatient surgery because they may require additional direct resources, such as supplies and antiemetic drugs, and may delay discharge. The objective of this study was to measure the frequency of factors which can cause nausea and vomiting under general anaesthesia after chest surgery.
Methodology: This descriptive case series evaluated frequency of predisposing factor of nausea and vomiting in patients of anaesthesia department of Gulab Devi Hospital Lahore. Questionnaire is made and patients were asked about their age, fever, previous surgery, NPO status, smoking history and hospital stay. This study included 140 patients with post-operative nausea and vomiting.
Results: In this study, 140 patients were taken in which 65 (46.43%) were female and 75 (53.57%) were male. In 140 patient 134 (95.7%) were NPO and 6 (4.3%) were not NPO, 25 (17.9%) were obese and 115 (82.1%) were not obese, 88 (62.9%) patients were suffering fever and 52 (37.1%) were not suffering fever, 80 (57.1%) were infected and 59 (42.1%) were not infected, 53 (37.9%) patients had previous surgery and 87 (62.1%) had no previous surgery, 94 (67.1%) patients had received nitrous oxide and 46 (32.9%) didn’t, 97 (69.3%) received volatile gases and 43 (30.7%) not received, 29 (20.7%) received ketamine and 111 (79.3%) not received, 87 (62.1%) received suxamethonium and 53 (37.9%) not received, 119 (85.0%) received propofol and 21 (15.0%) not received, 110 (78.6%) received naluphine and 28 (20.0%) not received. Out of 140 patients, there were 122 (87.1%) who were suffering from pain and 18 (12.9%) were not. 91 (65.0%) patients had gastric distention and 49 (35.0%) patients didn’t. Opioids were given to 34 (24.3%) patients and not given to 106 (75.7%) patient.
Conclusion: It is concluded that the nausea and vomiting after surgey under genral anesthesia is due to patient related factors in which most frequent is NPO. Drug related factors include propofol and nalbupin administration. Post operative factors include pain. In whole study of 140 patients, the most frequent is patient related factor (NPO) other than drug related factors and post-operative factors.
La dynamique du modèle d’affaires des start-ups dans le secteur des TIC, le cas des entreprises sociales au Sénégal
Authors: Ndour Mamour , Alexandre Laurice 
Published: March 2020

Cet article tente de répondre à la question suivante : « comment les différents éléments du modèle d’affaires des start-ups sociales évoluent dans le temps dans un pays en transition ? ». Grâce à l’étude approfondie de 10 start-ups sociales dans le secteur des TIC au Sénégal, il a été démontré que le modèle d’affaires évolue selon les phases de développement des entreprises, et la proposition de valeur peut évoluer de trois façons : (1) l’adaptation de l’offre par modification ou changement de l’offre ; (2) l’enrichissement de l’offre de départ par l’ajout de services annexes ; (3) la création d’une nouvelle offre liée ou non à l’offre de départ pour la cible actuelle ou pour une nouvelle cible. Il semblerait également que le modèle d’affaires social sénégalais n’a pas encore atteint la phase de maturité d’un modèle d’affaires social d’une entreprise française.
Exploration du cheminement appropriatif des personnels onusiens suite au déploiement du système d’information intégré UMOJA au sein de l’ONU
Authors: Kengue Mayamou Pascal 
Published: March 2020

Cet article a pour objet d’explorer le processus d’appropriation du nouveau système d’information de l’Organisation des Nations Unies (ONU) qui repose désormais sur un Système d’Information intégré nommé UMOJA – « unité » en Swahili – et qui est basé sur un progiciel de type ERP. Le système, ses processus et ses technologies supports seront ici abordés sous l’angle de leur contribution fonctionnelle à la fabrique de l’ information de gestion. Cet article se propose de présenter et décrypter les spécificités et limites – notamment en termes multiculturels – de l’appropriation de UMOJA au travers d’un corpus théorique centré sur les théories de l’appropriation des outils de gestion (Rivard et al ., 2008 ; de Vaujany, 2006, 2009) et sur les théories du bricolage et de l’improvisation organisationnelle (Ciborra, 1997). La démarche méthodologique retenue est qualitative de type étude de cas unique et longitudinale. Elle est basée sur des entretiens d’experts et d’agents de divers sites et agences onusiens. Les résultats insistent sur la diversité et l’originalité des modalités d’appropriation du système UMOJA et sur les rôles majeurs des langues anglaises et swahili.
Propagande : entre l’intérêt de la pratique et les limites de la notion
Authors: Serrano Yeny 
Published: March 2020

Il n’est pas rare d’affirmer qu’un gouvernement, une armée ou un groupe hors-la-loi fait de la propagande, ceci afin de le discréditer. En effet, nul ne veut reconnaître ou vertement qu’il utilise un tel mode de communication. Pourquoi la propagande est-elle une pratique inavouable mais nécessaire ? En quoi se distingue-t-elle des autres techniques de persuasion ?
Du monde flottant : esquisse d’une pratique et vagabondage
Authors: Meignant Christophe 
Published: March 2020

La parole s’efforce d’exprimer la vie vers laquelle elle tend, mais elle se déchire inexorablement d’elle ; elle s’institue comme instance primitive de représentation mais, se déployant comme parole, tient à distance ce dont elle parle. Fait structural originaire, l’entrée dans la séparation fonde la parole…
De la perception à la perceptude
Authors: Breton Stéphane 
Published: March 2020

La souffrance psychique est souvent associée à une perception étroite, intense et répétée d’un événement traumatique. Le plus souvent, cette sensation entraîne chez le patient une incapacité à vivre pleinement sa vie. En hypnothérapie, François Roustang a développé ce qu’il a appelé la perceptude : une expérience perceptive globale, non segmentée et hiérarchisée, qui permet de replacer la personne au centre de son corps redevenu vivant.
Le garçon boucher était un enfant de cœur
Authors: Favre Pierre , Taïbi Nadia 
Published: March 2020

De 1988 à 1997, Pierre Favre a été le chanteur des Garçons bouchers, groupe mythique de la scène alternative du rock français. Depuis 2001, il est devenu l’une des chevilles ouvrières du Secours catholique et a remonté un groupe punk !
Extension des zones d’impact
Authors: Copin Henri 
Published: March 2020

Déjà un papier, sur Parler… J’au rais mieux aimé un enregistrement sonore, un monologue proféré, un dialogue articulé, voire une performance orale, ou un chœur alterné, un chant, une ode, un opéra, paroles, musique, danse sur scène. Du parler, avec la voix orale de la bouche qui parle ! Mais un papier, un article !
La diffusion du rap : conventionnalisme et originalité dialectale en Italie, en général, et à Naples, en particulier
Authors: Seca Jean-Marie 
Published: March 2020

Depuis l’époque de transition du jazz vers les formes électro-amplifiées des années 1940 et d’avènement financier du rock en 1950, on peut dire que le reste (ce qui suit et se poursuit depuis cette époque) est affaire de politique et de business, avec la cohorte des labellisations contre-culturelles, protestataires, sociétales, underground, rituellement érigées par opposition à un passé forcément décevant, « récupéré », « impur », « commercial », et considéré, dans un discours assez convenu, comme trop formaté par le marché des industries culturelles…
L’utilisation du concept « Système National d’Innovation » dans les P.E.D. : quelle pertinence conceptuelle pour quels indicateurs ?
Authors: Casadella Vanessa , Tahi Sofiane 
Published: March 2020

À la fois approche conceptuelle et outil de formalisation des politiques scientifiques, le Système National d’Innovation existe aujourd’hui sous de multiples terminologies, à travers une variété de conceptualisations cherchant toutes à donner de réels moyens d’action aux décideurs publics sur la problématique de l’innovation et du développement. Tout comme sa conceptualisation, la mise en place d’indicateurs a suscité de nombreux débats. Néanmoins, la communauté scientifique s’accorde à penser qu’ils restent indispensables, malgré leur méthodologie largement débattue. Avant de proposer un certain nombre d’indicateurs pertinents dans les P.E.D., nous reviendrons sur les caractéristiques actuelles des S.N.I. en développement ainsi qu’à leur grande hétérogénéité. L’intérêt de cet article est de justifier à la fois la pertinence du concept S.N.I. dans les P.E.D. malgré l’existence de réseaux d’innovation multi-scalaires et d’appliquer une grille méthodologie appropriée à cet effet.Classification JEL : O55, O11, O33.
Correlation between MRI characteristics of medulloblastoma with histopathological subtypes and 2-year survival
Authors: Hussain Intan Zariza , Zaki Faizah Mohd , Mukari Shahizon Azura , Md Pauzi Suria Hayati , Loh C-Khai , Alias Hamidah 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives: The objective of this study is to describe the imaging features of medulloblastoma (MB) and correlate the MR characteristics with the different histological subtype of MB with 2-year survival. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study. A total of 29 patients diagnosed with MB from January 2005 to December 2015 were included in this study. The MRI brain and spine studies of these patients were retrieved and reviewed by a pediatric radiologist and a neuroradiologist independently, both blinded from the histological type of the MB. The HPE slides were also retrieved and reviewed by a pathologist. Results: 80% of desmoplastic MB showed the presence of intracranial leptomeningeal seeding and 57.1% of anaplastic MB showed the presence of necrosis. The presence of intracranial leptomeningeal seeding (P = 0.002) and necrosis (P = 0.019) was predictive of the histological subtypes. There is a significant correlation between the enhancement pattern and the 2-year outcome (P = 0.03) with 6 out of 8 patients whose tumors showed minimal enhancement having disease progression within 2 years. A significant correlation was also seen between the presence of necrosis with a poorer outcome (P = 0.03) and between the HPE subtype and 2-year outcome (P = 0.03) with anaplastic MB having the poorest prognosis. Conclusion: MR imaging features of intracranial leptomeningeal seeding and the presence of necrosis were correlated with a specific histologic subtype of MB. The enhancement pattern as well as necrosis correlated with 2-year poorer outcome of the disease.
Impact of a standardized reporting format on the quality of MRI reports for rectal cancer staging
Authors: Gupta Neeti A , Mahajan Shivani , Sumankumar A , Saklani Avanish , Engineer Reena , Baheti Akshay D 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background and Aims: Besides providing a surgical roadmap, rectal MRI plays a major role in treatment planning. We recently started using a structured template for reporting rectal cancer via MRI. We study the impact of using this template at our hospital in terms of number of essential imaging parameters described in the reports as compared to the pre-template free-text reports. Methods: A structured rectal MRI reporting template was created in consensus with members of the colorectal tumour board and was introduced in the department, which included 14 essential parameters to be mentioned in the reports. We conducted a retrospective analysis of rectal MRI reports of 100 cases with histologically proven rectal cancer, comprising 50 consecutive free-text reports before the template was introduced and 50 consecutive structured reports after its introduction, checking for the presence or absence of inclusion of the 14 parameters. An anonymous online feedback survey was conducted as well after the introduction of the template for the members of the colorectal tumour board. Results: Overall, the total number of parameters reported increased from a median value of 10 (range 6-13) to 14 (range 12-14). The common unreported parameters prior to template introduction included T staging, presence or absence of restricted diffusion, anterior peritoneal reflection (APR) involvement, and presence or absence of extramural vascular invasion; these were reported in 16%, 22%, 30% and 50% respectively. These improved to 98-100% reporting after template introduction. Maximum improvement was in T staging (16% to 98%) (P < 0.0001), restricted diffusion on DWI (from 22% to 100%) (P < 0.0001) and APR involvement (from 30% to 100%) (P < 0.0001). The most common unreported parameter after template introduction was the “tumoral T2 signal intensity” (unreported in 4% cases). The results of the survey were as follows: 100% felt a decreased need to talk to the radiologist to clarify the report, 81.8% felt an improvement in the quality of reporting as compared to free style reports, and 91% felt that the new template is easier to interpret. Conclusion: The introduction of a structured template for rectal cancer significantly improved the quality of rectal MRI reports, along with the satisfaction of referring providers.
Traumatic intralenticular abscess—What is so different?
Authors: Balamurugan S , Gurnani Bharat , Kaur Kirandeep , Gireesh Prasanth , Narayana Shivanand 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntralenticular abscess is a very rare entity that occurs after trauma, cataract surgeries, or as metastatic infection. It is important to pinpoint this sequestrated infection and to evacuate the abscess surgically to prevent chronic endophthalmitis. In this report, we describe a case of posttraumatic lenticular abscess highlighting the characteristic clinical features and their management. Additionally, here we report the first time use of Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography as a diagnostic tool in delineating lens abscess from traumatic cataract which further guide the management and prognosis of the case.Traumatic intralenticular abscess (TILA)—What is so different?