bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
КОЛЛЕКТИВИЗАЦИЯ ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ КАК МЕРА ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЯ РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЮ ВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ
Authors: Мятишкин Юрий 
Published: October 2020

Проблема распространения коронавирусной инфекции заставляет по-новому взглянуть на организацию экономики. Как сохранять жизнеспособность народного хозяйства при условии резкого сокращения личных контактов людей во избежание передачи заболевания в условиях пандемии? Как обеспечивать новую инвестиционную активность? Как повысить дисциплину, связанную с реализацией мер противодействия эпидемиям?
Если в организациях, имеющих иерархическую систему управления, можно заставить их членов выполнять правила, то за пределами рабочих мест на людей сложно влиять без применения полицейских мер. В магазинах и общественном транспорте постоянно возникают скопления случайных людей, без соблюдения санитарных правил порождающие неконтролируемое распространение инфекции.
В связи с этим предлагается ввести систему управления потреблением, ограничив магазинную розничную торговлю и развив кооперацию потребителей. В основе предлагаемых изменений лежит новый механизм отношений граждан, власти и некоммерческих организаций, т. е. более развитая система их социального партнерства, чем сегодня.
В результате преобразования системы снабжения местных жителей региональная власть сможет влиять на характер потребления через участие в постановке задач поставщикам совместно с гражданами. Таким образом, опираясь на интересы населения, она сможет качественнее определять направление инвестирования средств бизнеса в развитие производства товаров и осуществления услуг.
Соблюдение местных правил потребления и общежития, разрабатываемых органами самоуправления и принимаемых гражданами решениями общих собраний, обеспечит повышение качества потребления, снижение необходимости в полицейских мерах для сохранения правопорядка (в том числе, при реализации карантинных мероприятий), а также создаст дополнительную инвестиционную активность посредством системы группового формирования спроса на новые товары и изменения экономического статуса ритейла.
El impacto de propuestas educativas mediadas por TIC en la retención estudiantil. Un estudio de caso de los estudiantes de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires
Authors: Castro Maria Florencia 
Published: October 2020

La deserción en los primeros años en los sistemas universitarios de Latinoamérica y, en particular, de Argentina es una problemática que requiere diversas estrategias de abordaje. Si bien existe una mejora en la cobertura de este nivel, la deserción es un tema central que conduce a pensar en la implementación de nuevas estrategias en nuestras universidades.
La disponibilidad de nuevas tecnologías y su incorporación en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje nos permite el análisis de una nueva modalidad en el impacto de esta realidad. La presente investigación tiene por objeto analizar el impacto de la tecnología como estrategia sobre el problema de la deserción desde la perspectiva del rendimiento académico a través de un estudio de caso.
El objetivo de la tesis fue determinar si las propuestas educativas mediadas por TIC impactan en la retención y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes del primer año de las carreras de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Aportes de la tesis
Esta tesis deja como producto tangible el material didactico web la Aventura del Saber y Explorar el Español que sirve como material suplementario a un programa de enseñanza bilingüe en los Estados Unidos. De igual forma, la creación de dicho material multimedia personalizado para la escuela ayudó a la sistematización y a la estandarización del proceso de enseñanza de español como lengua extranjera. Si bien, el público que utilizará este material a futuro cambiará en ciertos aspectos, los objetivos de aprendizaje continuarán siendo similares, por lo que se espera que el material siga adaptándose a la mayor parte de necesidades de los nuevos usuarios.
Characterization of Dissimilar Al-Cu BFSW Welds; Interfacial Microstructure, Flow Mechanism and Intermetallics Formation
Authors: Tamadon A. , Abdali M. , Pons D. J. , Clucas D. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to elucidate the flow features of the dissimilar Al-Cu welded plates. The welding method used is Bobbin Friction Stir Welding (BFSW), and the joint is between two dissimilar materials, aluminium alloy (AA6082-T6) and pure copper. Weld samples were cut from along the weld line, and the cross-sections were polished and observed under an optical microscope (OM). Particular regions of interest were examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and analysed with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) using the AZtec software from Oxford Instruments. The results and images attained were compared to other similar studies. The reason for fracture was mainly attributed to the welding parameters used; a higher rotational speed may be required to achieve a successful BFSW between these two materials. The impact of welding parameters on the Al-Cu flow bonding and evolution of the intermetallic compounds were identified by studying the interfacial microstructure at the location of the tool action. The work makes an original contribution to identifying the solid-phase hybrid bonding in Al-Cu joints to improve the understanding of the flow behaviours during the BFSW welding process. The microstructural evolution of the dissimilar weld has made it possible to develop a physical model proposed for the flow failure mechanism.
Investigating human diversity in the twenty-first century
Authors: Delhez Julien 
Published: October 2020

In recent years, there has been renewed academic and public debate on the topic of race. The present essay compares two books dealing with this subject. Charles Murray’s Human Diversity states that the social sciences are permeated by a rigid orthodoxy that puts unnecessary strain on researchers working on sex differences, race differences, and individual differences. Far from being scary, Murray argues, these differences are interesting and can be lived with. Adam Rutherford’s How to Argue With a Racist examines various claims with respect to race. It includes four sections dedicated, respectively, to skin color, ancestry, sport, and intelligence. The essay assesses the authors’ factual claims as well as their tone, their general mindset, and their personal attitude toward science.
Replacement of fish meal with defatted and fermented soybean meals in pompano Trachinotus blochii (Lacepède, 1801) diets
Authors: Nguyen Hung Phuc , Van Do Thinh , Tran Hau Duc , Nguyen Trung Thanh 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effects of the replacement of fish meal with defatted and fermented soybean meals on the growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, bile acid levels, and digestive enzyme activity of pompano Trachinotus blochii (Lacepède, 1801). Four diets were formulated to replace 40% of fish meal with defatted soybean meal (SBM), SBM fermented by Bacillus subtilis TH2 (FSBM1) or SBM fermented by B. subtilis B3 (FSBM2). The diets are denoted as follows: FMD (fish meal-based diet, used as a Control), SBMD (fish meal replaced by SBM diet), FSBM1D (fish meal replaced by FSBM1 diet), and FSBM2D (fish meal replaced by FSBM2 diet). Thirty fingerling pompanos with an initial body weight of 15.3 ± 0.3 g were allocated to each of eight indoor polyvinyl chloride tanks (500 L capacity), with two replicate tanks per dietary treatment. For 8 weeks, fish were hand-fed the experimental diets to apparent satiation twice daily. The final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio of fish fed SBMD and FSBM1D were significantly inferior to those in fish fed FMD (P<0.05). These parameters were not significantly different between the FSBM2D and FMD experimental groups (P>0.05). Fish fed SBMD showed significantly lower plasma total cholesterol, whole body lipids, intestinal total bile acids and lipase activity than those fed FMD, whereas no significant differences were observed among fish fed FSBM1D, FSBM2D, and FMD. Trypsin activity and protein apparent digestibility coefficient were not significantly affected by the experimental diets. However, lipid apparent digestibility coefficient was significantly lower in fish fed SBMD and FSBM1D rather than FMD. There was no significant difference in lipid apparent digestibility coefficient between the FMD and FSBM2D experimental groups. The results indicated that SBM decreased bile acid levels, lipase activity, lipid digestibility, and growth performance in pompano fish. These parameters were increased by the inclusion of B. subtilis B3 fermented SBM in the diet, thus suggesting that fermentation of SBM with B. subtilis B3 may be an effective way to improve bile acid levels, lipase activity, lipid digestibility, and growth performance of pompano fed an SBM-based diet.
Assessment of parametric and non-parametric methods for prediction of quantitative traits with non-additive genetic architecture
Authors: Salehi Abdolreza , Bazrafshan Maryam , Abdollahi-Arpanahi Rostam 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Whole genome evaluation of quantitative traits using suitable statistical methods enables researchers to predict genomic breeding values (GEBVs) more accurately. Recent studies suggested that the ability of methods in terms of predictive performance may depend on the genetic architecture of traits. Therefore, when choosing a statistical method, it is essential to consider the genetic architecture of the target traits. Herein, the performance of parametric methods i.e. GBLUP and BayesB and non-parametric methods i.e. Bagging GBLUP and Random Forest (RF) were compared for traits with different genetic architecture. Three scenarios of genetic architecture, including purely Additive (Add), purely Epistasis (Epis) and Additive-Dominance-Epistasis (ADE) were considered. To this end, an animal genome composed of five chromosomes, each chromosome harboring 1000 SNPs and four QTL was simulated. Predictive accuracies in the first generation of testing set under Additive genetic architectures for GBLUP, BayesB, Baging GBLUP and RF were 0.639, 0.731, 0.633 and 0.548, respectively, and were 0.278, 0.330, 0.275 and 0.444 under purely Epistatic genetic architectures. Corresponding values for the Additive-Dominance-Epistatic structure also were 0.375, 0.448, 0.369 and 0.458, respectively. The results showed that genetic architecture has a great impact on prediction accuracy of genomic evaluation methods. When genetic architecture was purely Additive, parametric methods and Bagging GBLUP were better than RF, whereas under Epistatic and Additive-Dominance-Epistatic genetic architectures, RF delivered better predictive performance than the other statistical methods.
The effects and mechanisms of acids on the health of piglets and weaners – a review
Authors: Nowak Piotr , Zaworska-Zakrzewska Anita , Frankiewicz Andrzej , Kasprowicz-Potocka Małgorzata 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The rearing of piglets is the most difficult period in the pigs’ production because of their poorly developed digestive system and the low activity of digestive enzymes. Problems in nutrition and stress cause some disorders in the functioning of the digestive system leading to diarrhea and the mortality of piglets. Starting in 2006 in the EU, a total ban on antibiotics in their use as growth promoters was introduced. Since then, new and safe feed additives have been sought in order to replace antibiotics. Organic and inorganic acids as well as their salts were recognized as effective and safe additives. Due to their properties, they can improve feed palatability and digestibility, reduce the buffer capacity of feed, impact the development and functioning of the pig’s digestive system and improve the health and growth parameters. However, the effectiveness of acids is related to their qualitative and quantitative share in the feed additive. In this review, some strategies for using organic acids, their mixtures and also some new multi-component products will be discussed.
Reproduction of the Roman snail (Helix pomatia L.) from a local natural population in farm conditions and in a natural habitat
Authors: Ligaszewski Maciej , Pol Przemysław 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the quality of clutches and reproduction results of two groups of Roman snails (Helix pomatia) from the same local population, laying eggs simultaneously in semi-natural farm conditions and in a natural habitat. The study material were Roman snails aged 2 or more years which had entered the third phenological season of their life and thus the first season of sexual maturity. Observations were conducted at an earthen enclosure in a greenhouse belonging to the experimental farm for edible snails at the National Research Institute of Animal Reproduction in Balice near Kraków (Poland) as well as at a site where a local population naturally occurs in the uncultivated park surrounding the Radziwiłł Palace. In the June-July season, differences among such parameters as weight of clutch, number of eggs in clutch, mean egg weight, and hatchling percentage when compared to the total number of eggs in the clutch were compared. It was determined that clutches of eggs from the natural population laid in the greenhouse were of lesser weight (P<0.01), contained fewer eggs (P<0.05), and the mean weight of individual eggs was less (P<0.05) than in clutches laid simultaneously in a natural habitat. Both in the greenhouse and the natural habitat, in the first phase of laying eggs (June) the weight of the clutch and number of eggs its contained were greater than in the second phase (July). However, only for snails laying eggs in the greenhouse were these differences statistically significant (P<0.05) and highly significant (P<0.01), respectively. Statistically significant differences were not observed in hatchling percentage between eggs laid in the greenhouse and the natural habitat. The lower number of eggs laid in the farmed conditions of the greenhouse was successfully compensated for by the absence of mass destruction by rodents which occurred in the natural habitat.
Accuracy Analysis of Gravity Field Changes from Grace RL06 and RL05 Data Compared to in Situ Gravimetric Measurements in the Context of Choosing Optimal Filtering Type
Authors: Szabó Viktor , Marjańska Dorota 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Global satellite gravity measurements provide unique information regarding gravity field distribution and its variability on the Earth. The main cause of gravity changes is the mass transportation within the Earth, appearing as, e.g. dynamic fluctuations in hydrology, glaciology, oceanology, meteorology and the lithosphere. This phenomenon has become more comprehensible thanks to the dedicated gravimetric missions such as Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) and Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE). From among these missions, GRACE seems to be the most dominating source of gravity data, sharing a unique set of observations from over 15 years. The results of this experiment are often of interest to geodesists and geophysicists due to its high compatibility with the other methods of gravity measurements, especially absolute gravimetry. Direct validation of gravity field solutions is crucial as it can provide conclusions concerning forecasts of subsurface water changes. The aim of this work is to present the issue of selection of filtration parameters for monthly gravity field solutions in RL06 and RL05 releases and then to compare them to a time series of absolute gravimetric data conducted in quasi-monthly measurements in Astro-Geodetic Observatory in Józefosław (Poland). The other purpose of this study is to estimate the accuracy of GRACE temporal solutions in comparison with absolute terrestrial gravimetry data and making an attempt to indicate the significance of differences between solutions using various types of filtration (DDK, Gaussian) from selected research centres.
Assessment of inland valley soils for sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) production in some floodplains in central Nigeria
Authors: Orimoloye Julius Romiluyi , Nkwocha Harrison Ugochukwu , Adamu Ibrahim 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Sugarcane is an energy crop with great economic potentials. Information on soil evaluation for sugarcane in central Nigeria is very scanty. This study was carried out to evaluate the suitability of some soils of the floodplains in central Nigeria for sugarcane cultivation. A semi-detailed soil survey was carried out on 18,500 hectares of land straddling the floodplains of Rivers Niger and Benue in Korton-Karfe Local Government Area of Kogi State. Land resource survey was carried out using a 500 m×500 m grid pattern. Identified soil types were further examined with standard soil profiles. Samples were collected from the soil genetic horizons as well as surface (0–30 cm) soils at selected sampling points for fertility analysis. Parametric and non-parametric suitability evaluation methods were used to relate land qualities with land use requirements for commercial sugarcane cultivation. Relationships between evaluation methods were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients. Nine soil mapping units were identified in the study areas which were mainly Inceptisols (55.4%) and Alfisols (22.5%) which correlates with Fluvisols (40.4%), Cambisols (15.1%) and Lixisols (22.5%) in the World Reference Base (WRB) classification system. The evaluation methods used revealed that 0%, 4.95%, 49.48%, 23.55% of the soils were highly suitable (S1), moderately suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3) and not suitable (N) for sugarcane cultivation, respectively. Potentially, 0%, 9.52%, 44.91% and 23.55% of the soils were found to be highly suitable (S1), moderately suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3) and not suitable (N) for sugarcane cultivation, respectively. The soils were strongly limited by low soil nutrient availability, soil acidity and flood hazard. Soil management practices such as application of organic manures, fertiliser and liming could be adopted to ameliorate the soil acidity and supply deficient nutrients while land development strategies such as drainage, flood control and possibly sub-soiling would mitigate other major limitations to sugarcane cultivation.
Climate-induced conflicts and livelihoods of farming households in Nigeria: lessons from farmers-herdsmen conflict-ridden communities in Benue State
Authors: Soomiyol Mnguashima Valentina , Fadairo Olushola 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Helping conflict-affected persons requires an understanding of conflict impacts on their livelihoods. Hence, effects of farmers-herdsmen land-use conflict on livelihoods of farming households in Benue State were investigated. Data were collected from 110 farming households in Guma and Logo Local Government Areas (LGA) using interview schedule and focus group discussion. Most (56.4%) respondents were male, aged 51.6 ± 1.6 years, cultivated 9.14 ± 5.75 acres of farm size and had been involved in farming for 27.7 ± 14.16 years. The majority (>90%) experienced high degree of exposure to conflict incidences such as destruction of properties, homelessness and poor access to market. The respondents indicated a high effect of land-use conflict on farming households’ livelihoods (81.8%) and land availability/use (>50%) following conflict regime induced by climate change. All respondents perceived the anti-open grazing prohibition law as a right step to reducing conflict occurrence. There was no significant difference in the effects of farmers-herdsmen land-use conflict on livelihood of farming households in Guma and Logo LGA (t = 0.051). Farming households were highly vulnerable to the effects of farmers-herders conflict and are supportive of the current local authority’s prohibition of open grazing. A concerted effort involving religious institutions, government and non-governmental organisations including persuasion of herders to consider other options of livestock production such as ranching or settlement scheme would add impetus to the on-going efforts to resolve the conflict.
Semen characteristics and testosterone profiles of Yankasa rams fed graded levels of dietary protein using cotton seed and palm kernel cakes
Authors: Bello Taiwo Kamar-deen , Rekwot Peter Ibrahim , Ayo Joseph Olusegun , Oyelowo Balkisu Banke , Khumran Armiyau Mada , Hassan Raheelah , Oke Brenda Engo , Yusuf Sheriff Idris 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The increasing demand of the feed market for protein has necessitated the need to look for and use other sources of this nutrient. Cottonseed cake and palm kernel cakes are used extensively for supplementing ruminant rations to increase their productivity. The efficiency of sperm production, libido and quality of spermatozoa tend to remain uniform throughout the reproductive life of an animal but may be significantly altered by nutrition. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of graded levels of protein on semen characteristics, and serum testosterone profile in Yankasa rams. Fifteen rams aged between 18–24 months and weighing 15–25 kg with good body condition scores (3.5) were used in this study. They were divided into three treatment groups (A, B and C) according to the dietary protein level. Group A (n = 5) received 10 %, group B (n = 5) received 15 % while group C (n = 5) received 20 % combined crude protein of cotton seed and palm kernel cakes, respectively. Semen samples were collected weekly using battery-controlled electro ejaculator. Serum samples were harvested using a Pasteur pipette into serum vials and stored at −20 °C for analysis. These samples were from a representative animal in each group for determination of testosterone profiles using ELISA technique at weeks 1, 6 and 12. Data collected were expressed as means and standard error of the mean (± SEM). Significance of differences between treatments means were estimated at P ≤ 0.05 with Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test of repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). From this study, it was concluded that rams fed concentrate of 15 % crude protein using cotton seed and palm kernel cakes combined had improved semen characteristics in terms of semen concentration, motility, live sperm cells and morphology, but the crude protein levels had no effects on testosterone concentrations.