bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-level modeling and multiple group analysis of disparities in continuity of care and viral suppression among Nigerian adolescents and youths living with HIV
Authors: Badejo Okikiolu Abimbola , Noestlinger Christiana , Jolayemi Toyin , Adeola Juliet , Okonkwo Prosper , Belle Sara Van , Wouters Edwin , Laga Marie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionSubstantial disparities in care outcomes exist between different sub-groups of adolescents and youths living with HIV(ALHIV). Understanding variation in individual and health-facility characteristics could be key to identifying targets for interventions to reduce these disparities. We modeled variation in ALHIV retention in care and viral suppression, and quantified the extent to which individual and facility characteristics account for observed variations.MethodsWe included 1,177 young adolescents (10-14 years), 3,206 older adolescents (15-19 years) and 9,151 young adults (20-24 years) who were initiated on antiretroviral therapy (ART) between January 2015 and December 2017 across 124 healthcare facilities in Nigeria. For each age-group, we used multilevel modeling to partition observed variation of main outcomes(retention in care and viral suppression at 12 months post ART initiation) by individual (level one) and health facility (level two) characteristics. We used multiple group analysis to compare the effects of individual and facility characteristics across age-groups.ResultsFacility characteristics explained most of the observed variance in retention in care in all the age-groups, with smaller contributions from individual-level characteristics (14-22.22% vs 0 - 3.84%). For viral suppression, facility characteristics accounted for a higher proportion of variance in young adolescents (15.79%), but not in older adolescents (0%) and young adults(3.45%). Males were more likely to not be retained in care(aOR=1.28; p<0.001 young adults) and less likely to achieve viral suppression (aOR=0.69; p<0.05 older adolescent). Increasing facility-level viral load testing reduced the likelihood of non-retention in care, while baseline regimen TDF/3TC/EFV or NVP increased the likelihood of viral suppression.ConclusionsDifferences in characteristics of healthcare facilities accounted for observed disparities in retention in care and, to a lesser extent, disparities in viral suppression. An optimal combination of individual and health-services approaches is, therefore, necessary to reduce disparities in the health and wellbeing of ALHIV.Key MessagesWhat is already known?Adolescents and youths living with HIV have worse care and treatment outcomes compared to other groupsSignificant disparity in care and treatment outcomes exist between different adolescent and youth subgroupsWhat are the new findings?Differences in characteristics of healthcare facilities delivering services are associated with disparities in outcomes within and across adolescent and youth age-groups.What do the new findings imply?An optimal combination of individual and health-services approaches is necessary to reduce disparities in the health and wellbeing of adolescent and youths living with HIV.
Impact of the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) on Treatment Adherence and Sleep Duration in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients Treated with Positive Airway Pressure
Authors: Batool-Anwar Salma , Omobomi Olabimpe S. , Quan Stuart F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the effect of COVID-19 on treatment adherence and self-reported sleep duration among patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) treated with positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy.MethodsRetrospective review of medical records of patients seen in Sleep and Circadian Clinic at Brigham Health during the immediate period of one month after the national lockdown was announced on March 15, 2020. Patients with OSA were included only if PAP adherence data was available in the 12-months prior and in the month after the lockdown. Patients with other sleep disorders and OSA patients without the adherence data were excluded.ResultsMean age was 63.5± 13.9 years, 55% of the participants were men, and mean BMI was 31.8 ± 7.9 kg/m2. Severe OSA was noted among 59.5% compared to 29.3% moderate, and 11.2% mild OSA. Increased number of patients reported insomnia after the lockdown (41% vs 48%, p= 0.02). Gender stratification noted worsening insomnia only among women. There was no significant difference in PAP adherence as measured by the hours of use, self-reported sleep duration or in the use of sleep medications.ConclusionPost COVID-19 lockdown had a negative impact on sleep as evidenced by increased reporting of insomnia particularly among women, but no impact on PAP adherence or self-reported sleep duration.
Comparison of the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized adult COVID-19 and influenza patients – a prospective observational study
Authors: Auvinen Raija , Nohynek Hanna , Syrjänen Ritva , Ollgren Jukka , Kerttula Tuija , Mäntylä Jarkko , Ikonen Niina , Loginov Raisa , Haveri Anu , Kurkela Satu , Skogberg Kirsi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveWe compared the clinical characteristics, findings and outcomes of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or influenza to detect relevant differences.MethodsFrom December 2019 to April 2020, we recruited all eligible hospitalized adults with respiratory infection to a prospective observational study at the HUS Jorvi Hospital, Finland. Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections were confirmed by RT-PCR. Follow-up lasted for at least 30 days from admission.ResultsWe included 61 patients, of whom 28 were COVID-19 and 33 influenza patients with median ages of 53 and 56 years. Majority of both COVID-19 and influenza patients were men (61% vs 67%) and had at least one comorbidity (68% vs 85%). Pulmonary diseases and current smoking were less common among COVID-19 than influenza patients (5 [18%] vs 15 [45%], P=0.03 and 1 [4%] vs 10 [30%], P=0.008). In chest x-ray at admission, ground-glass opacities and consolidations were more frequent among COVID-19 than influenza patients (19 [68%] and 7 [21%], P < 0.001). Severe disease and intensive care unit (ICU) admission occurred more often among COVID-19 than influenza patients (26 [93%] vs 19 [58%], P=0.003 and 8 [29%] vs 2 [6%], P=0.034). COVID-19 patients were hospitalized longer than influenza patients (6 days [IQR 4-21] vs 3 [2-4], P<0.001).ConclusionBilateral ground-glass opacities and consolidations in chest X-ray may help to differentiate COVID-19 from influenza. Hospitalized COVID-19 patients had more severe disease, required longer hospitalization and were admitted to ICU more often than influenza patients, which has important implications for public health policies.
Entrepreneurial learning from failure. A systematic review
Authors: Lattacher Wolfgang , Wdowiak Malgorzata Anna 
Published: June 2020

PurposeFailure plays a pivotal role in entrepreneurial learning. Knowledge of the learning process that enables an entrepreneur to re-emerge stronger after a failure, though considerable, is fragmented. This paper systematically collects relevant literature, assigns it to the stages of the experiential learning process (concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, active experimentation; Kolb, 1984), evaluates the research coverage of each stage and identifies promising avenues for future research.Design/methodology/approachThis systematic literature review follows the guidelines articulated by Short (2009) and Tranfieldet al.(2003), using Web of Science and EBSCO as primary data sources. Kolb’s (1984) experiential learning theory provides a basis for organizing the identified material into a framework of entrepreneurial learning from failure.FindingsThe literature provides insights on all stages of the process of entrepreneurial learning from failure. Particularly well elaborated are the nature of failure and its triggering effect for reflection, the factors influencing reflection, the contents of the resulting learning and their application in entrepreneurial re-emergence. Other topics remain under-researched, including alternative modes of recovery, the impact of personal attributes upon reflection, the cognitive processes underlying reflection, the transformation of failure-based observations into logically sound concepts and the application of this learning in non-entrepreneurial contexts.Originality/valueThis review provides the most complete overview of research into the process of entrepreneurial learning from failure. The systematic, theory-based mapping of this literature takes stock of current knowledge and proposes areas for future research.
Making sense of entrepreneurial intent: a look at gender and entrepreneurial personal theory
Authors: Matherne III Curtis F. , Bendickson Joshua S. , Santos Susana C. , Taylor Erik C. 
Published: June 2020

PurposeIndividuals adopt differing perceptions of entrepreneurial types, including small businesses, scalable businesses and social businesses. This study aims to suggest that individuals' entrepreneurial personal theory (EPT: learning from experiences that informs how an individual conceptualizes entrepreneurship) influences entrepreneurial intent, and that sensemaking facilitates this process such that those with a clearer understanding of different entrepreneurship paths are more likely to pursue opportunities.Design/methodology/approachThis study theorizes and empirically tests whether EPT affects an individual's intent to start a small business, a scalable business or a social enterprise and how gender moderates the relationship between EPT and entrepreneurial intent. Primary survey data were collected from undergraduate business students and working adults.FindingsThe results indicate that EPTs characterized by small business, scalable business and social entrepreneurship have a positive association with entrepreneurial intentions. However, gender interaction effects showed that for women, an EPT characterized as small business has a weaker relationship with entrepreneurial intent, whereas an EPT characterized as social entrepreneurship has a stronger relationship with entrepreneurial intent. The notions that gender directly affects personal conceptions of entrepreneurship and that women may have not been exposed to all facets of entrepreneurship are addressed.Research limitations/implicationsOther variables not included in this study could also influence the relationship between how the type of entrepreneurship may shape entrepreneurial intent and how such relationship may be influenced by gender. Implications for entrepreneurship education and curriculum development are presented.Originality/valueIntegrating the EPT and sensemaking to uncover gender differences in the development of entrepreneurial intentions is a novel theoretical discussion.
Sources of influences on customers' trust in ride-sharing: why use experience matters?
Authors: Shao Zhen , Guo Yue , Li Xiaotong , Barnes Stuart 
Published: June 2020

PurposeDespite the growing popularity of ride-sharing in China, our understanding regarding users' trust and behavioral intention toward this new type of hailing service is still limited. This study aims to examine the joint influences of institution-based, process-based and characteristic-based antecedents on customers' trust and continuance intention toward ride-sharing. Furthermore, the study aims to investigate if the relative influences of institution-based and process-based antecedents on trust are contingent upon customers' prior experience.Design/methodology/approachDrawing upon trust-building literature and the elaboration-likelihood model, we developed a research model and conducted an online survey to users of Didi, the largest ride-sharing platform in China. We used the structural equation modeling technique to analyze the collected data and examine the proposed research model.FindingsTher major research findings of the study suggest that structural assurance, government support, platform reputation and disposition to trust exhibit significant and different degrees of influences on customers' trust beliefs and continuance intention toward ride-sharing. A multi-group analysis further suggests that customers with less use experience focus more on government support and platform reputation, while customers with more use experience are more likely influenced by structural assurance.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the extant literature by identifying the joint influences of institutional-based, process-based and characteristic-based antecedents on users' continuance intention of ride-sharing service and uncovers the mediation mechanism of trust and perceived risk. Moreover, the study refines the boundary condition of the proposed research model by revealing the moderating effect of use experience.
The effectiveness of insider trading disclosure policies: US and EU comparison
Authors: Jardak Maha Khemakhem , Matoussi Hamadi 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of financial market rules in protecting minorities.

Design/methodology/approach
The study compares two alternative disclosure rules on insider trading, namely, the market abuse directive (Directive 2004/72/EC), inspired from the United State (US) insider trading regulation enacted by the Sarbanes–Oxley act and the transparency directive enacted by the European (Directive 2004/109/EC) dealing with the crossing of the shareholding threshold. To investigate which one is more effective in signaling reserved information, and thus in reducing information asymmetry, the authors run an event study on the French context, where both regulations are adopted. The data were hand collected from the French stock exchange securities commissions during the two years following the implementation of the two regulations in 2004. The final sample consists of 363 insiders trading and 35 crossing shareholding thresholds for 10 top French firms during the period 2006-2007.

Findings
The results show that the French market reacts significantly to insider trading, but poorly to the crossing shareholding thresholds. Abnormal returns are greater after insider purchases than after crossing up thresholds. These findings support the superiority of the insider disclosure regulation, as it has better information content and provides better protection to minorities.

Research limitations/implications
The study contributes to the corporate governance literature by comparing two disclosure-trading policies. The authors conclude that regulation of disclosure of insider trading along the lines of US disclosure rules is more informative to the market and thus more relevant and important than disclosure of cross-threshold trades.

Practical implications
The study contributes to the corporate governance literature by comparing two disclosure-trading policies. The authors conclude that regulation of disclosure of insider trading along the lines of US disclosure rules is more informative to the market and thus more relevant and important than disclosure of cross-threshold trades. This finding can be helpful for the securities lawmakers and regulators in the process of insider trading law enforcement.

Originality/value
Previous researchers approached the question of insider trading focusing on the identity of insiders. In the research, the authors address the question from another perspective, namely, the crossing of thresholds. Another methodological contribution of the study is the use of a market model that incorporates GARCH (generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic) effect and time-varying systematic risk parameter (β), which is recommended to tackle the classical event study problem of detecting the exact timing of the event.
Risk management in Halal supply chain: an integrated fuzzy Delphi and DEMATEL approach
Authors: Khan Shahbaz , Haleem Abid , Khan Mohd Imran 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
In a globalised environment, market volatility makes risk management an essential component of the supply chain. Similar to conventional supply chains, a Halal supply chain (HSC) is also affected by several factors making it vulnerable to risks. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and analyse the elements of Halal supply chain management (HSCM) and their significant risk dimensions.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 72 risk elements of HSCM are identified through a review of contemporary scientific literature along with news items and official websites related to risk management of conventional supply chain management, HSC and sustainable supply chain. Further, 42 risk elements are finalised using fuzzy Delphi and then these risk elements are categorised into 7 dimensions. The interrelationships among the risk dimensions as well as risk elements are developed using fuzzy DEMATEL.

Findings
Results suggest that production, planning, logistic & outsourcing and information technology-related risk are prominent risk dimensions. The causal relationships among the significant risk dimensions and elements related to the HSCM may help managers and policy planners.

Research limitations/implications
This study faces a challenge due to inadequate availability of the literature related to risk management in the area of HSCM. Further, this study has used inputs from experts, which can be biased.

Originality/value
To the best of the author's knowledge, it is the first comprehensive study towards investigating the interrelationships among the risks in the context of the HSCM.
Does PSM matter among innovative government managers?
Authors: Rosa Ellysson Fernandes , Najberg Estela , Sousa Marcos de Moraes 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe need to improve the efficiency and quality of public services has increased the interest in innovation. This study seeks to understand the relationship between the Public Service Motivation (PSM) index and the profile of strategic-level public servants who are considered innovative.Design/methodolog/approachQuestionnaires were applied to the group of government managers who registered their projects in an innovation competition. Data were analyzed using t-test, multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA).FindingsThis paper concluded that the PSM level of these innovative public servants is significantly greater than public servants overall. In terms of the profile of these innovative government managers, it was found that the majority were female, with a high level of education and a background in Information Technology.Practical implicationsThe discovery that innovative government managers have a significantly higher PSM (p < 0.05) than public servants overall may be relevant, because it confirms a statistical tendency that it would be advantageous for policy-makers to invest in actions that increase public servant PSM since these servants with high PSM are more innovative.Originality/valueThis article has sought to fill a gap in studies that associate the level of PSM with the innovation practices in the public sector, as well as verify the profile of public servants with high levels of motivation in public service (PSM).
Impact of Riehl’s melanosis on quality of life in Korean patients: A cross‐sectional comparative study
Authors: Woo Yu Ri , Jung Yujin , Kim Miri , Park Hyun Jeong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe prevalence of Riehl’s melanosis in Korea is increasing. However, little is known about the psychosocial burden of patients with Riehl’s melanosis. This study was aimed to examine the level of psychosocial impact of Riehl’s melanosis. A cross‐sectional study recruited 52 patients with Riehl’s melanosis who were asked to complete questionnaires requesting demographic characteristics, the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Melasma Quality of Life Scale (MELASQOL). The mean score of DLQI and MELASQOL was increased in patients with Riehl’s melanosis compared with that of patients with melasma and healthy controls, respectively. Of note, patients with a long duration of illness, of lower educational level and suffering comorbid disease are more associated with impairment in quality of life. Riehl’s melanosis poses serious negative impacts on the quality of life of the patients. Therefore, the psychological burden of patients with Riehl’s melanosis should be carefully considered.
Promoting self‐facilitating feedback processes in coastal ecosystem engineers to increase restoration success: Testing engineering measures
Authors: Schotanus Jildou , Walles Brenda , Capelle Jacob J. , van Belzen Jim , van de Koppel Johan , Bouma Tjeerd J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Coastal ecosystem engineers often depend on self‐facilitating feedbacks to ameliorate environmental stress. This makes the restoration of such coastal ecosystem engineers difficult. We question if we can increase transplantation success in highly dynamic coastal areas by engineering measures that promote the development of self‐facilitating feedback processes.

Intertidal blue mussels Mytilus edulis are a typical example of ecosystem engineers that are difficult to restore. A lack of self‐facilitating feedbacks at low densities limits establishment success when young mussels are transplanted on dynamic mudflats.

In a large field experiment, we investigated the possibility of increasing transplantation success by stimulating the formation of an aggregated spatial configuration in mussels, thereby reducing hydrologically induced dislodgment and the risks of predation. For this, we applied engineering measures in the form of fences that trapped wave dislodged mussels.

Mussel loss rates were significantly lower when mussels were placed between both artificial fences, and in high densities (4.2 kg/m2) compared with mussels placed in areas without fences and in low densities (2.1 kg/m2). The fences induced the formation of a banded pattern with high local mussel densities, which locally reduced predation.

Synthesis and applications. Our results underline the importance of actively promoting the development of self‐facilitating processes, such as aggregation into patterns, in restoration projects of ecosystem engineers. In particular, the current study shows that engineering measures can help to initiate these kinds of self‐facilitating interactions, especially in highly dynamic areas.