bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide identification for genes involved in sodium dodecyl sulfate toxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Cao Chunlei , Cao Zhengfeng , Yu Peibin , Zhao Yunying 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundSodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is one of the most widely used anionic alkyl sulfate surfactants. Toxicological information on SDS is accumulating, however, mechanisms of SDS toxicity regulation remain poorly understood. In this study, the relationship between the SDS-sensitive mutants and their intracellular ROS levels has been investigated.ResultsThrough a genome-scale screen, we have identified 108 yeast single-gene deletion mutants that are sensitive to 0.03% SDS. These genes were predominantly related to the cellular processes of metabolism, cell cycle and DNA processing, cellular transport, transport facilities and transport routes, transcription and the protein with binding function or cofactor requirement (structural or catalytic). Measurement of the intracellular ROS (reactive oxygen species) levels of these SDS-sensitive mutants showed that about 79% of SDS-sensitive mutants accumulated significantly higher intracellular ROS levels than the wild-type cells under SDS stress. Moreover, SDS could generate oxidative damage and up-regulate several antioxidant defenses genes, and some of the SDS-sensitive genes were involved in this process.ConclusionThis study provides insight on yeast genes involved in SDS tolerance and the elevated intracellular ROS caused by SDS stress, which is a potential way to understand the detoxification mechanisms of SDS by yeast cells.
Prevalence of sarcopenia in multi ethnics adults and the association with cognitive impairment: findings from West-China health and aging trend study
Authors: Liu Xiaolei , Hou Lisha , Xia Xin , Liu Yang , Zuo Zhiliang , Zhang Yan , Zhao Wanyu , Hao Qiukui , Yue Jirong , Dong Birong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is a condition that is characterized by loss of muscle mass, muscle strength and muscle functional impairment with ageing. It is associated with poor health outcomes, premature death and a significant burden on the global health economy. The prevalence of sarcopenia in China is unknown since most of the studies are lack of uniform standard. The study was undertaken to study the prevalence of sarcopenia and the association with cognitive impairment among multi-ethnic adults aged 50 years old or older in western China.

Methods
We measured gait speed, handgrip strength and muscle mass by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for all eligible participants and 4500 participants were eligible for the analysis. We defined sarcopenia using the diagnostic algorithm recommended by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). We assessed the participants’ cognitive functions using the 10-item Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ). Relationships between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results
Of 4500 participants (mean age 62.4 ± 8.3 years), 869 (19.31%) adults were sarcopenia. 446 (9.9%) participants were identified as having mild cognitive impairment, 144 (3.2%) adults were identified as having moderate/severe cognitive impairment. After adjusting for age, gender, ethnics and other potential cofounders, cognitive impairment was found to be independently associated with sarcopenia with a dosage effect (mild cognitive impairment: odds ratio [OR]: 1.41, 95% CI 1.10–1.82; moderate/severe cognitive impairment: OR: 3.05, 95% CI 2.08–4.49). After gender stratification, the association between mild cognitive impairment with sarcopenia in male is not significant, while is still significant in female. While the association between moderate/severe cognitive impairment is independently associated with sarcopenia in both male and female.

Conclusions
The prevalence rates of sarcopenia, mild cognitive impairment, moderate/severe cognitive impairment among the communities aged 50 or older in western China were 19.31, 9.9 and 3.2%, respectively. Cognitive impairment was significantly associated with sarcopenia with a dosage effect, especially in female.
Preliminary comparison of three-dimensional reconstructed palatal morphology in subjects with different sagittal and vertical patterns
Authors: Huang Xiaoyi , Hu Xinnong , Zhao Yijiao , Wang Yong , Gu Yan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to assess the difference of palatal morphology in different vertical patterns between skeletal Class I subjects and skeletal Class II subjects with retrusive mandible.

Methods
Seventy-six skeletal Class II subjects with retrusive mandible (38 females, 38 males) and 85 skeletal Class I subjects (45 females, 40 males) were collected retrospectively and divided into hyperdivergent, normodivergent and hypodivergent groups. CBCT images of these subjects were reoriented by Dolphin 3D Imaging software. Three-dimensional (3D) maxilla was segmented by ProPlan software before using Geomagic Studio software to reconstruct 3D palatal morphology. Deviation patterns on 3D colored map analysis was performed to compare the difference of 3D palatal morphology between different groups.

Results
3D colored map analysis showed that male’s palate was higher and wider than that of female in the posterior part, regardless of different sagittal and vertical patterns. In skeletal Class II subjects with retrusive mandible, males with hyperdivergent and normodivergent showed higher and narrower in the posterior part of palate, while females with hyperdivergent and normodivergent had a higher but no obviously narrow palate compared with the hypodivergent subjects. Skeletal Class II subjects with retrusive mandible showed flatter and narrower in the posterior part of palate than that of skeletal Class I subjects.

Conclusions
Sagittal and vertical patterns have great influence on the palatal morphology and as the vertical dimension increased, the palate tended to be higher and narrower.
Vascular miR-181b controls tissue factor-dependent thrombogenicity and inflammation in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Witkowski Marco , Witkowski Mario , Saffarzadeh Mona , Friebel Julian , Tabaraie Termeh , Ta Bao Loc , Chakraborty Aritra , Dörner Andrea , Stratmann Bernd , Tschoepe Diethelm , Winter Samantha J. , Krueger Andreas , Ruf Wolfram , Landmesser Ulf , Rauch Ursula 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic vascular inflammation leading to pathological expression of the thrombogenic full length (fl) tissue factor (TF) and its isoform alternatively-spliced (as) TF. Blood-borne TF promotes factor (F) Xa generation resulting in a pro-thrombotic state and cardiovascular complications. MicroRNA (miR)s impact gene expression on the post-transcriptional level and contribute to vascular homeostasis. Their distinct role in the control of the diabetes-related procoagulant state remains poorly understood.

Methods
In a cohort of patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (n = 46) plasma levels of miR-181b were correlated with TF pathway activity and markers for vascular inflammation. In vitro, human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC)-1 and human monocytes (THP-1) were transfected with miR-181b or anti-miR-181b and exposed to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α or lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Expression of TF isoforms, vascular adhesion molecule (VCAM) 1 and nuclear factor (NF) κB nuclear translocation was assessed. Moreover, aortas, spleen, plasma, and bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM)s of mice carrying a deletion of the first miR-181b locus were analyzed with respect to TF expression and activity.

Results
In patients with type 2 diabetes, plasma miR-181b negatively correlated with the procoagulant state as evidenced by TF protein, TF activity, d-dimer levels as well as markers for vascular inflammation. In HMEC-1, miR-181b abrogated TNFα-induced expression of flTF, asTF, and VCAM1. These results were validated using the anti-miR-181b. Mechanistically, we confirmed a miR-181b-mediated inhibition of importin-α3 (KPNA4) leading to reduced nuclear translocation of the TF transcription factor NFκB. In THP-1, miR-181b reduced both TF isoforms and FXa generation in response to LPS due to targeting phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a principal inducer for TF in monocytes. Moreover, in miR-181−/− animals, we found that reduced levels of miR-181b were accompanied by increased TF, VCAM1, and KPNA4 expression in aortic tissue as well as increased TF and PTEN expression in spleen. Finally, BMDMs of miR-181−/− mice showed increased TF expression and FXa generation upon stimulation with LPS.

Conclusions
miR-181b epigenetically controls the procoagulant state in diabetes. Reduced miR-181b levels contribute to increased thrombogenicity and may help to identify individuals at particular risk for thrombosis.
Impact of polyunsaturated fatty acids on patient-important outcomes in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review
Authors:   on behalf of the ISACA guideline working group, De Crescenzo Franco , D’Alò Gian Loreto , Morgano Gian Paolo , Minozzi Silvia , Mitrova Zuzana , Saulle Rosella , Cruciani Fabio , Fulceri Francesca , Davoli Marina , Scattoni Maria Luisa , Nardocci Francesco , Schünemann Holger Jens , Amato Laura 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) claimed PUFAs to be effective for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but international guidelines have not considered yet this body of evidence. Our aim was to assess the effectiveness of PUFAs in children and adolescents with ASD, for the Italian national guidelines on the management of ASD in children and adolescents.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs comparing PUFAs versus placebo or a healthy diet for the treatment of ASD in children and adolescents. The outcomes considered were deemed by the guideline panel to be highly relevant to children and adolescents with ASD and to their caregivers. The outcomes included hyperactivity, quality of sleep, self-harm, aggression, irritability, anxiety, attention, adaptive functioning, social interaction, restricted and repetitive interests and behavior, communication, hyperactivity and disruptive behaviors coexistent with core symptoms. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed with the Cochrane tool, and the rating of the confidence in the effect estimates according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.ResultsWe included 9 studies with 405 participants. The strength of evidence ranged from low to very low. Six studies included preschoolers and school-age children, three studies included both children and adolescents. The majority of participants were males (83.8%), with a mean age of 6.7 years. PUFAs were superior compared to placebo in reducing anxiety in individuals with ASD (SMD -1.01, 95% CI − 1.86 to − 0.17; very low certainty of evidence). Moreover, PUFAs worsened quality of sleep compared to a healthy diet (SMD 1.11, 95% CI 0.21 to 2.00; very low certainty of evidence). PUFAs were not better than placebo in reducing aggression, hyperactivity, adaptive functioning, irritability, restricted and repetitive interests and behaviors and communication. Effects on some critical outcomes such as sleep, self-harm and disruptive behavior are currently unknown. The main limitations were the small number of participants included in the RCTs and the dosage which varied greatly (from 200 mg/day to 1540 mg/day), making it difficult to address causal inference.ConclusionsPUFAs did not show evidence of effect in children and adolescents with ASD and the certainty of evidence as measured with the GRADE was low to very low. Further research is needed on this topic because the available evidence is inconclusive.
Effects of high vs moderate-intensity intermittent training on functionality, resting heart rate and blood pressure of elderly women
Authors: Coswig Victor Silveira , Barbalho Matheus , Raiol Rodolfo , Del Vecchio Fabrício Boscolo , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Gentil Paulo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The present study compared the effects of training and detraining periods of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on functional performance, body composition, resting blood pressure and heart rate in elderly women nursing home residents.

Methods
Forty-six volunteers (age, 80.8 ± 5.2 y; body mass, 69.8 ± 5.2 kg, height, 164.2 ± 4.12 cm) were divided into groups that performed treadmill exercise twice-weekly HIIT (4 bouts of 4-min intervals at 85–95% of the maximal heart rate [HRmax], interspersed by 4 min at 65% HRmax), MIIT (4 bouts of 4 min intervals at 55–75% HRmax, interspersed by 4 min at 45–50% HRmax) and MICT (30-min at 55–75% HRmax). Tests were performed before and after 8 weeks of training and 2 and 4 weeks of detraining. ANCOVA was used to analyze dependent variable changes.

Results
After 8 weeks HIIT promoted greater reductions in body mass (HIIT = − 1.6 ± 0.1 kg; MICT = − 0.9 ± 0.1 kg; MIIT = − 0.9 ± 0.1 kg; p = 0.001), fat mass (HIIT = − 2.2 ± 0.1%; MICT = − 0.7 ± 0.1%; MIIT = − 1.2 ± 0.1%; p < 0.001) and resting heart rate (HIIT = − 7.3 ± 0.3%; MICT = − 3.6 ± 0.3%; MIIT = − 5.1 ± 0.3%; p < 0.001) and greater improvement in the chair stand test (HIIT = 3.4 ± 0.1 reps; MICT = 2.5 ± 0.1 reps; MIIT = 3.1 ± 0.1 reps; p < 0.001) when compared to MIIT and MICT. These improvements were sustained after 2 and 4 weeks of detraining only in the HIIT group.

Conclusion
HIIT promoted greater benefits for body composition and functional performance than MICT and MIIT and also showed less pronounced effects of detraining. This suggests that the intensity of physical exercise is an important factor to consider when prescribing exercise to the elderly.
Treatment of patients with hereditary angioedema with the c.988A>G (p.Lys330Glu) variant in the plasminogen gene
Authors: Bork Konrad , Wulff Karin , Witzke Guenther , Machnig Thomas , Hardt Jochen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) in patients with normal C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) and the c.988A > G (p.Lys330Glu; p.K330E) variant in the plasminogen gene (HAE-PLG) is associated with skin swellings, abdominal pain attacks, and the risk of asphyxiation due to upper airway obstruction. Aim of this observational, retrospective study is to report about the efficacy of various treatments for acute attacks and long-term prophylaxis.

Results
The study included 111 patients with HAE-PLG. Thirteen patients were treated with icatibant for 201 acute swelling attacks. The mean duration of the treated attacks (mean 4.3 h; standard deviation [SD] 2.6 h) was significantly shorter than that of the previous 149 untreated attacks (mean 44.7 h; SD 28.6 h, p < 0.0001). Twelve patients were treated with plasma-derived C1-INH for 74 acute swelling attacks. The duration of the treated attacks (mean 31.5 h; SD 18.6 h) was significantly shorter than that of the previous 129 untreated in the same patients (mean 48.2 h; SD 32.5 h, p < 0.0001). Corticosteroids alone showed good response in 61/268 attacks (8 patients), low response in 82/268 attacks (7 patients), and no response in 125/268 attacks (26 patients). Corticosteroids combined with antihistamines showed good response in 13/309 attacks (4 patients), low response in 150/309 attacks (7 patients), and no response in 146/309 attacks (17 patients). Antihistamines alone were ineffective in all 37 attacks of 5 patients. In 2 patients with imminent asphyxiation due to tongue swelling and partial obstruction of the upper airways fresh frozen plasma was used without clinical response. The mean reduction in attack frequency was 46.3% under progestins (6 patients), 93.9% under tranexamic acid (3 patients) and 83.3% under danazol (3 patients).

Conclusions
For patients with HAE-PLG various treatment options are available, which completely or at least partially reduce attack duration or attack frequency.
YAP1 plays a key role of the conversion of normal fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts that contribute to prostate cancer progression
Authors: Shen Tianyu , Li Yang , Zhu Shimiao , Yu Jianpeng , Zhang Boya , Chen Xuanrong , Zhang Zheng , Ma Yuan , Niu Yuanjie , Shang Zhiqun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an important part of the tumour microenvironment, and their functions are of great concern. This series of experiments aimed to explore how Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) regulates the function of stromal cells and how the normal fibroblasts (NFs) convert into CAFs in prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods
The effects of conditioned media from different fibroblasts on the proliferation and invasion of epithelial cells TrampC1 were examined. We then analysed the interaction between the YAP1/TEAD1 protein complex and SRC, as well as the regulatory function of the downstream cytoskeletal proteins and actins. A transplanted tumour model was used to explore the function of YAP1 in regulating tumour growth through stromal cells. The relationship between the expression of YAP1 in tumour stromal cells and the clinical characteristics of PCa patients was analysed.

Results
The expression level of YAP1 was significantly upregulated in PCa stromal cells. After the expression level of YAP1 was increased, NF was transformed into CAF, enhancing the proliferation and invasion ability of epithelial cells. The YAP1/TEAD1 protein complex had the capability to influence downstream cytoskeletal proteins by regulating SRC transcription; therefore, it converts NF to CAF, and CAF can significantly promote tumour growth and metastasis. The high expression of YAP1 in the tumour stromal cells suggested a poor tumour stage and prognosis in PCa patients.

Conclusion
YAP1 can convert NFs into CAFs in the tumour microenvironment of PCa, thus promoting the development and metastasis of PCa. Silencing YAP1 in tumour stromal cells can effectively inhibit tumour growth.
Validation of neuromuscular blocking agent use in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Chang Wei , Sun Qin , Peng Fei , Xie Jianfeng , Qiu Haibo , Yang Yi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
We aimed to synthesize up-to-date trials to validate the effects of neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA) use in patients with moderate-to-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods
Several databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register were searched up to November 14, 2019. All randomized trials investigating the use of NMBAs in patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS and reporting mortality data were included in the meta-analysis. The primary outcome was mortality, and the secondary outcomes were clinical outcomes, including respiratory physiological parameters, incidence of barotrauma, ICU-free days, and ventilation-free days.

Results
A total of 7 trials enrolling 1598 patients were finally included in this meta-analysis. The results revealed that the use of NMBAs in moderate-to-severe ARDS could significantly decrease the mortality truncated to day 28 (RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.98, P = 0.03) and day 90 (RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.99, P = 0.04). NMBA use could significantly decrease the incidence of barotrauma (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.87, P = 0.009). No significant difference was observed in ICU-free days or ventilation-free days between the NMBA and control groups.

Conclusion
The use of NMBAs could significantly decrease mortality in moderate-to-severe ARDS patients and decrease the incidence of barotrauma during mechanical ventilation. However, more large-scale randomized trials are needed to further validate the effect of NMBA use in ARDS.
The complete mitochondrial genome of a parasite at the animal-fungal boundary
Authors: Sana Salma , Hardouin Emilie A. , Paley Richard , Zhang Tiantian , Andreou Demetra 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Sphaerothecum destruens is an obligate intracellular fish parasite which has been identified as a serious threat to freshwater fishes. Taxonomically, S. destruens belongs to the order Dermocystida within the class Ichthyosporea (formerly referred to as Mesomycetozoea), which sits at the animal-fungal boundary. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences can be valuable genetic markers for species detection and are increasingly used in environmental DNA (eDNA) based species detection. Furthermore, mtDNA sequences can be used in epidemiological studies by informing detection, strain identification and geographical spread.

Methods
We amplified the entire mitochondrial (mt) genome of S. destruens in two overlapping long fragments using primers designed based on the cox1, cob and nad5 partial sequences. The mt-genome architecture of S. destruens was then compared to close relatives to gain insights into its evolution.

Results
The complete mt-genome of Sphaerothecum destruens is 23,939 bp in length and consists of 47 genes including 21 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA, 22 tRNA and two unidentified open reading frames. The mitochondrial genome of S. destruens is intronless and compact with a few intergenic regions and includes genes that are often missing from animal and fungal mt-genomes, such as, the four ribosomal proteins (small subunit rps13 and 14; large subunit rpl2 and 16), tatC (twin-arginine translocase component C), and ccmC and ccmF (cytochrome c maturation protein ccmC and heme lyase).

Conclusions
We present the first mt-genome of S. destruens which also represents the first mt-genome for the order Dermocystida. The availability of the mt-genome can assist the detection of S. destruens and closely related parasites in eukaryotic diversity surveys using eDNA and assist epidemiological studies by improving molecular detection and tracking the parasite’s spread. Furthermore, as the only representative of the order Dermocystida, its mt-genome can be used in the study of mitochondrial evolution of the unicellular relatives of animals.