bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, characterization, and anti‐cancer activity of new chalcone derivatives containing naphthalene and fluorine moieties
Authors: Lim Yeong Hui , Oo Chuan Wei , Koh Rhun Yian , Voon Gah Leong , Yew Mei Yeng , Yam Mun Fei , Loh Yean Chun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn recent years, chalcones and their derivatives have become the focus of global scientists due to increasing evidence reported towards their potency in antitumor and anti‐cancer. Here, the chalcones designed and synthesized in our present study were derived from the derivatives of naphthaldehyde and acetophenone. Both these precursors have been reported in demonstrating a certain degree of anticancer property. Also, the substituents on these precursors such as hydroxyl, methoxy, prenyl, and chloro were shown able to enhance the anticancer efficiency. Hence, it is the interest of the current study to investigate the anticancer potential of the hybrid molecules (chalcones) consisting of these precursors with different alkoxy substituents and with or without the fluorine moiety. Two series of chalcone derivatives were designed, synthesized, and characterized using the elemental analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, subsequently evaluated for their anti‐cancer activity. Interestingly, the results showed that the fluorinated chalcones 11–15 exhibited stronger cytotoxic activity towards the breast cancer cell lines (4T1) compared to non‐fluorinated chalcone derivatives. Remarkably, the selectivity index obtained for these fluorinated chalcones derivatives against the breast cancer 4T1 cell line was higher than those exhibited by cisplatin, which is one of the most frequently deployed chemotherapy agents in current medical practice. These findings could provide an insight towards the potential of fluorinated chalcones being developed as an anti‐cancer agent with moderate activity towards breast cancer cell and low inhibition of fibroblast cell at a concentration of 100 μM.
Early impact of COVID‐19 on individuals with self‐reported eating disorders: A survey of ~1,000 individuals in the United States and the Netherlands
Authors: Termorshuizen Jet D. , Watson Hunna J. , Thornton Laura M. , Borg Stina , Flatt Rachael E. , MacDermod Casey M. , Harper Lauren E. , van Furth Eric F. , Peat Christine M. , Bulik Cynthia M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveWe evaluated the early impact of COVID‐19 on people with self‐reported eating disorders.MethodParticipants in the United States (US, N = 511) and the Netherlands (NL, N = 510), recruited through ongoing studies and social media, completed an online survey that included both quantitative measures and free‐text responses assessing the impact of COVID‐19 on situational circumstances, eating disorder symptoms, eating disorder treatment, and general well‐being.ResultsResults revealed strong and wide‐ranging effects on eating disorder concerns and illness behaviors that were consistent with eating disorder type. Participants with anorexia nervosa (US 62% of sample; NL 69%) reported increased restriction and fears about being able to find foods consistent with their meal plan. Individuals with bulimia nervosa and binge‐eating disorder (US 30% of sample; NL 15%) reported increases in their binge‐eating episodes and urges to binge. Respondents noted marked increases in anxiety since 2019 and reported greater concerns about the impact of COVID‐19 on their mental health than physical health. Although many participants acknowledged and appreciated the transition to telehealth, limitations of this treatment modality for this population were raised. Individuals with past histories of eating disorders noted concerns about relapse related to COVID‐19 circumstances. Encouragingly, respondents also noted positive effects including greater connection with family, more time for self‐care, and motivation to recover.DiscussionsCOVID‐19 is associated with increased anxiety and poses specific disorder‐related challenges for individuals with eating disorders that require attention by healthcare professionals and carers.
Association between host wing morphology polymorphism and Wolbachia infection in Vollenhovia emeryi (Hymenoptera: Myrmicinae)
Authors: Noh Pureum , Oh Seung‐Yoon , Park Soyeon , Kwon Taesung , Kim Yonghwan , Choe Jae Chun , Jeong Gilsang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMany eusocial insects, including ants, show complex colony structures, distributions, and reproductive strategies. In the ant Vollenhovia emeryi Wheeler (Hymenoptera: Myrmicinae), queens and males are produced clonally, while sterile workers arise sexually, unlike other ant species and Hymenopteran insects in general. Furthermore, there is a wing length polymorphism in the queen caste. Despite its evolutionary remarkable traits, little is known about the population structure of this ant species, which may provide insight into its unique reproductive mode and polymorphic traits. We performed in‐depth analyses of ant populations from Korea, Japan, and North America using three mitochondrial genes (COI, COII, and Cytb). The long‐winged (L) morph is predominant in Korean populations, and the short‐winged (S) morph is very rare. Interestingly, all L morphs were infected with Wolbachia, while all Korean S morphs lacked Wolbachia, demonstrating a association between a symbiont and a phenotypic trait. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that the S morph is derived from the L morph. We propose that the S morph is associated with potential resistance to Wolbachia infection and that Wolbachia infection does not influence clonal reproduction (as is the case in other ant species).
High environmental stress and productivity increase functional diversity along a deep‐sea hydrothermal vent gradient
Authors: Alfaro‐Lucas J. M. , Pradillon F. , Zeppilli D. , Michel L. N. , Martinez‐Arbizu P. , Tanaka H. , Foviaux M. , Sarrazin J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractProductivity and environmental stress are major drivers of multiple biodiversity facets and faunal community structure. Little is known on their interacting effects on early community assembly processes in the deep sea (>200 m), the largest environment on Earth. However, at hydrothermal vents productivity correlates, at least partially, with environmental stress. Here, we studied the colonization of rock substrata deployed along a deep‐sea hydrothermal vent gradient at four sites with and without direct influence of vent fluids at 1,700‐m depth in the Lucky Strike vent field (Mid‐Atlantic Ridge [MAR]). We examined in detail the composition of faunal communities (>20 μm) established after 2 yr and evaluated species and functional patterns. We expected the stressful hydrothermal activity to (1) limit functional diversity and (2) filter for traits clustering functionally similar species. However, our observations did not support our hypotheses. On the contrary, our results show that hydrothermal activity enhanced functional diversity. Moreover, despite high species diversity, environmental conditions at surrounding sites appear to filter for specific traits, thereby reducing functional richness. In fact, diversity in ecological functions may relax the effect of competition, allowing several species to coexist in high densities in the reduced space of the highly productive vent habitats under direct fluid emissions. We suggest that the high productivity at fluid‐influenced sites supports higher functional diversity and traits that are more energetically expensive. The presence of exclusive species and functional entities led to a high turnover between surrounding sites. As a result, some of these sites contributed more than expected to the total species and functional β diversities. The observed faunal overlap and energy links (exported productivity) suggest that rather than operating as separate entities, habitats with and without influence of hydrothermal fluids may be considered as interconnected entities. Low functional richness and environmental filtering suggest that surrounding areas, with their very heterogeneous species and functional assemblages, may be especially vulnerable to environmental changes related to natural and anthropogenic impacts, including deep‐sea mining.
Sacubitril/valsartan vs. angiotensin receptor inhibition in heart failure: a real‐world study in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Po‐Cheng , Wang Chun‐Li , Hsiao Fu‐Chih , Wen Ming‐Shien , Huang Chien‐Ying , Chou Chung‐Chuan , Chu Pao‐Hsien 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to compare the efficacy of angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) therapy with angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) therapy for cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction.Methods and resultsData were obtained from the Chang Gung Research Database. The cohort entry date of the ARB group was assigned as that of the ARNI group to avoid immortal time bias. Additionally, 1:1 propensity score matching based on age, sex, and baseline left ventricular ejection fraction was conducted. The expectation–maximization imputation method with inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to compare outcomes between the two groups. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for worsening HF. Patients who received ARNI therapy had a significantly lower risk of the primary composite outcome occurring than patients who received ARBs (hazard ratio, 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.57–0.96). The reduction of hospitalization for worsening HF contributed most to the primary outcome benefits. In addition to the primary outcome, the ARNI group had a significantly lower risk of non‐fatal myocardial infarction. The improvement of ejection fraction was not significantly different between the groups. The medication doses of ARNI were lower than in clinical trials.ConclusionsIn patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction, sacubitril/valsartan was superior to ARB therapy in reducing the occurrence of the primary outcome endpoint of hospitalization for worsening HF and cardiovascular death.
Some Thoughts on the Mechanism of Ester Interchange Reactions Involving Acylglycerols
Authors: Dijkstra Albert J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEster interchange reactions involving acylglycerides are industrially important because the interesterification process provides trans‐isomer free hardstocks and the transesterification process produces biodiesel. This Commentary proposes to extend the enolate mechanism that has been suggested for the interesterification process to the transesterification process. It also highlights the gaps in people's knowledge and discusses the implication of these gaps.Practical Applications: Insight into the mechanism of the interesterification reaction provides means to eliminate the yield loss suffered by the current industrial processes. Use of an alkali metal glycerolate will avoid the formation of fatty acid methyl esters and their subsequent loss. Using the same catalyst during the transesterification will reduce the variable cost of this process since this catalyst can be easily produced on site from by‐product glycerol.
Front Cover Image, Volume 2, Number 7, July 2020
Authors: Acheampong Francisca Adoma , Wenyu Chen , Nunoo‐Mensah Henry 
Published: July 2020

The cover image is based on the Review Article Text based emotion detection: Advances, challenges, and opportunities by Francisca Adoma Acheampong et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.12189.
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Advances in materials for all‐climate sodium‐ion batteries
Authors: Zhu Xiaobo , Wang Lianzhou 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted much interest for medium‐ to large‐scale energy storage applications owing to the high abundance and low cost of sodium reserves. However, a principal concern for the wide deployment of stationary SIBs is their temperature tolerance. Extreme temperatures can deteriorate the performance and safety of SIBs by causing very sluggish Na‐transfer kinetics, dendrites formation, and severe interfacial reactions. The development of all‐climate SIBs depends on the fundamental understanding of the chemical reactions at different temperatures and advances of all the key components, especially the electrolyte and the electrode materials. Herein, we start from briefing the key challenges in developing all‐climate SIBs, then examining the latest achievements in confronting the challenges. The insights presented in this review are believed to guide and inspire further research interest in designing all‐climate SIBs that will hopefully serve as a low‐cost, high‐performing, and reliable stationary energy storage solution.image
Fabrication of polyacrylonitrile hybrid nanofiber scaffold containing activated carbon by electrospinning process as nanofilter media for SO2, CO2, and CH4 adsorption
Authors: Tajer Mahdiyeh , Anbia Mansoor , Salehi Samira 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDistribution of particulate matter (PM), toxic, and greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are responsible for air pollution, human health issues, and enhanced global warming. Traditional polymeric nanofibers only can remove PMs from air flue. The objective of this study was to investigate the adsorption capacity and selectivity of hybrid nanofibrous filter media based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with different percentages of activated carbon particles such as gas adsorbent for removal of sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4) from gaseous streams The adsorption isotherms of SO2, CO2, and CH4 on the hybrid samples were measured at 298, 323, and 348 K and with a pressure range of 0–21 bar by means of the volumetric adsorption method. Uniform PAN nanofiber filter (PANNF) with an average diameter of 273 nm was achieved via the electrospinning process after the optimization of different parameters. Waste tea‐derived activated carbons (ACs) by using phosphoric acid as the activation agent was synthesized through two different methods, chemical activation to obtain the micro size of AC (MAC), and microwave radiation energy to obtain nano size of AC (NAC). Hybrid nanofibers were functionalized with dispersing homogenous solutions containing AC particles by the electrospray process. The effect of high and low loading of NAC and MAC on the PANNF surface was studied to increase our understanding about gas adsorption properties of prepare samples. The samples were characterized by Image analysis (ImageJ), Statistical package for social science (SPSS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), Energy‐Dispersive x‐ray (EDX), and Nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms.
Enhancing the energetic potential of Mediterranean food waste by anaerobic co‐digestion with sewage sludge
Authors: Hamrouni Yosra M. B. , Cheikh Ridha B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMediterranean Food Waste (FW) with high Carbon/Nitrogen (C/N) ratio (≈31) and a biodegradability (BD) above 75%, were anaerobically co‐digested with Sewage Sludge (SS), in both batch and semicontinuous processing systems. Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) tests were carried out for five mixture ratios (VS basis). The highest methane yield was obtained for the Food Waste to Sewage Sludge (FW/SS) ratio of 3:1, reaching a Specific Methane Production (SMP) of of 452 ml CH4/g VSadded. Moreover, this ratio has shown a BD of 40%, twofold lower than the one obtained for digestion of FW alone. Applying the semi‐continuous process, a methane yield of 200 ml CH4/g VS was obtained at the high Organic Loading Rate (OLR) of 8 g VS/L·day, indicating a good performance of the system facing a high daily feeding. A predictive study of the energy efficiency of this system provided an estimated daily production of 1.4 kilowatt‐hour electricity load (KWhel)/kg VSadded and 2.2 kilowatt‐hour thermal load (KWhth)/kg VSadded.
Joint resource block and power allocation in heterogeneous cellular networks with different backhaul capacity limitations
Authors: Zheng Handan , Li Li 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs), the growing demand of small cell data traffic puts great pressure on the capacity limited backhaul links. Resource allocation is an efficient approach to mitigate the severe interference and improve the network performance in HCNs. However, differentiated backhaul capacity constraints introduce the inherent nonconvexity to the resource optimization problem, which hinders the development of the optimal solutions. In this article, we investigate the joint resource block (RB) and power allocation problem under two different backhaul capacity limitations. First, we consider the small cell backhaul limitation scenario where the backhaul capacity constraint is imposed on each small cell. Then, we extend the resource optimization to the macrocell base station backhaul limitation scenario which considers the overall backhaul capacity constraint on the whole small cell network. Besides, the quality of service (QoS) requirements of users and the cross‐tier interference mitigation are also considered. This resource allocation problem is formulated as a nonconvex mixed‐integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem. By variable substitution and constraints relaxation, we convert the original optimization problem into a convex one and obtain the optimal solutions. Accordingly, joint RB and power allocation algorithms are proposed. Numerical results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms and evaluate the impact of different types of backhaul capacity limitations on system performance.
MLLT10 rearranged acute leukemia: Incidence, prognosis, and possible therapeutic strategies
Authors: Forgione Michelle O. , McClure Barbara J. , Yeung David T. , Eadie Laura N. , White Deborah L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRearrangements of the MLLT10 gene occur in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), most commonly T‐lineage ALL (T‐ALL), in patients of all ages. MLLT10 rearranged (MLLT10r) acute leukemia presents a complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to frequent presentation of immature or mixed phenotype, and a lack of consensus regarding optimal therapy. Cases of MLLT10r AML or T‐ALL bearing immature phenotype are at high risk of poor outcome, but the underlying molecular mechanisms and sensitivity to targeted therapies remain poorly characterized. This review addresses the incidence and prognostic significance of MLLT10r in acute leukemia, and how the aberrant gene expression profile of this disease can inform potential targeted therapeutic strategies. Understanding the underlying genomics of MLLT10r acute leukemia, both clinically and molecularly, will improve prognostic stratification and accelerate the development of targeted therapeutic strategies, to improve patient outcomes.
The Selective Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor Gamma Modulator CHS‐131 Improves Liver Histopathology and Metabolism in a Mouse Model of Obesity and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Perakakis Nikolaos , Joshi Aditya , Peradze Natia , Stefanakis Konstantinos , Li Georgia , Feigh Michael , Veidal Sanne Skovgard , Rosen Glenn , Fleming Michael , Mantzoros Christos S. 
Published: July 2020

CHS‐131 is a selective peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma modulator with antidiabetic effects and less fluid retention and weight gain compared to thiazolidinediones in phase II clinical trials. We investigated the effects of CHS‐131 on metabolic parameters and liver histopathology in a diet‐induced obese (DIO) and biopsy‐confirmed mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Male C57BL/6JRj mice were fed the amylin liver NASH diet (40% fat with trans‐fat, 20% fructose, and 2% cholesterol). After 36 weeks, only animals with biopsy‐confirmed steatosis and fibrosis were included and stratified into treatment groups (n = 12‐13) to receive for the next 12 weeks (1) low‐dose CHS‐131 (10 mg/kg), (2) high‐dose CHS‐131 (30 mg/kg), or (3) vehicle. Metabolic parameters, liver pathology, metabolomics/lipidomics, markers of liver function and liver, and subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue gene expression profiles were assessed. CHS‐131 did not affect body weight, fat mass, lean mass, water mass, or food intake in DIO‐NASH mice with fibrosis. CHS‐131 improved fasting insulin levels and insulin sensitivity as assessed by the intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test. CHS‐131 improved total plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase and increased plasma adiponectin levels. CHS‐131 (high dose) improved liver histology and markers of hepatic fibrosis. DIO‐NASH mice treated with CHS‐131 demonstrated a hepatic shift to diacylglycerols and triacylglycerols with a lower number of carbons, increased expression of genes stimulating fatty acid oxidation and browning, and decreased expression of genes promoting fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride synthesis, and inflammation in adipose tissue. Conclusion: CHS‐131 improves liver histology in a DIO and biopsy‐confirmed mouse model of NASH by altering the hepatic lipidome, reducing insulin resistance, and improving lipid metabolism and inflammation in adipose tissue.
Analysis of unsteady flow of blood conveying iron oxide nanoparticles on melting surface due to free convection using Casson model
Authors: Baby Ammani Kuttan , Manjunatha Sarpabhushana , Jayanthi S. , Gireesha Bijjanal Jayappa , Archana M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIron oxide nanoparticles have great importance in future biomedical applications because of their intrinsic properties, such as low toxicity, colloidal stability, and surface engineering capability. So, blood containing iron oxide nanoparticles are used in biomedical sciences as contrast agents following intravenous administration. The current problem deals with an analysis of the melting heat transfer of blood consisting iron nanoparticles in the existence of free convection. The principal equations of the problem are extremely nonlinear partial differential equations which transmute into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by applying proper similarity transformations. The acquired similarity equalities are then solved numerically by Runge‐Kutta Felhsberg 45th‐order method. The results acquired are on the same level with past available results. Some noteworthy findings of the study are: the rate of heat transfer increases as the Casson parameter increases and also found that the temperature of the blood can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the Prandtl number. Hence, we conclude that flow and heat transfer of blood have significant clinical importance during the stages where the blood flow needs to be checked (surgery) and the heat transfer rate must be controlled (therapy).
Modelling demand and supply of Islamic banking deposits
Authors: Arshed Noman , Kalim Rukhsana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe purpose of the study is to assess the market of Islamic banking deposits. As banking intermediation ensures efficient allocation of excess capital, but stable availability of deposit resource helps banks to manage long‐term capital structure portfolio. Unlike conventional banks, Islamic banks also have to meet the Shari'ah requirements. This study works under the domain of Islamic economics and intends to explore the demand and supply model of deposits of Islamic banks using data from financial statements, World Development Indicators and Thomson Reuters. The results using panel feasible generalized least squares model with two‐way fixed effect showed that deposits are supply‐elastic and demand‐elastic with respect to returns to deposits. While other factors like inflation, money market rate and knowledge significantly affect supply of deposit and banking profitability and Islamic financial development significantly affect demand for deposits. This study concludes that the global Islamic banking deposit market is stable and converging hence, banks must ensure their relationship with price while devising a strategy to attract deposits.