bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating ethanolamine plasmalogen indices in Alzheimer's disease: Relation to diagnosis, cognition, and CSF tau
Authors: Kling Mitchel A. , Goodenowe Dayan B. , Senanayake Vijitha , MahmoudianDehkordi Siamak , Arnold Matthias , Massaro Tyler J. , Baillie Rebecca , Han Xianlin , Leung Yuk‐Yee , Saykin Andrew J. , Nho Kwangsik , Kueider‐Paisley Alexandra , Tenenbaum Jessica D. , Wang Li‐San , Shaw Leslie M. , Trojanowski John Q. , Kaddurah‐Daouk Rima F. ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Metabolomics Consortium (ADMC) and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionAltered lipid metabolism is implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the mechanisms remain obscure. Aging‐related declines in circulating plasmalogens containing omega‐3 fatty acids may increase AD risk by reducing plasmalogen availability.MethodsWe measured four ethanolamine plasmalogens (PlsEtns) and four closely related phosphatidylethanolamines (PtdEtns) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI; n = 1547 serum) and University of Pennsylvania (UPenn; n = 112 plasma) cohorts, and derived indices reflecting PlsEtn and PtdEtn metabolism: PL‐PX (PlsEtns), PL/PE (PlsEtn/PtdEtn ratios), and PBV (plasmalogen biosynthesis value; a composite index). We tested associations with baseline diagnosis, cognition, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers.ResultsResults revealed statistically significant negative relationships in ADNI between AD versus CN with PL‐PX (P = 0.007) and PBV (P = 0.005), late mild cognitive impairment (LMCI) versus cognitively normal (CN) with PL‐PX (P = 2.89 × 10−5) and PBV (P = 1.99 × 10−4), and AD versus LMCI with PL/PE (P = 1.85 × 10−4). In the UPenn cohort, AD versus CN diagnosis associated negatively with PL/PE (P = 0.0191) and PBV (P = 0.0296).In ADNI, cognition was negatively associated with plasmalogen indices, including Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale 13‐item cognitive subscale (ADAS‐Cog13; PL‐PX: P = 3.24 × 10−6; PBV: P = 6.92 × 10−5) and Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE; PL‐PX: P = 1.28 × 10−9; PBV: P = 6.50 × 10−9). In the UPenn cohort, there was a trend toward a similar relationship of MMSE with PL/PE (P = 0.0949).In ADNI, CSF total‐tau was negatively associated with PL‐PX (P = 5.55 × 10−6) and PBV (P = 7.77 × 10−6). Additionally, CSF t‐tau/Aβ1‐42 ratio was negatively associated with these same indices (PL‐PX, P = 2.73 × 10−6; PBV, P = 4.39 × 10−6). In the UPenn cohort, PL/PE was negatively associated with CSF total‐tau (P = 0.031) and t‐tau/Aβ1‐42 (P = 0.021). CSF Aβ1‐42 was not significantly associated with any of these indices in either cohort.DiscussionThese data extend previous studies by showing an association of decreased plasmalogen indices with AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), cognition, and CSF tau. Future studies are needed to better define mechanistic relationships, and to test the effects of interventions designed to replete serum plasmalogens.
Dietary fatty acids and risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: Observations from the Washington Heights‐Hamilton Heights‐Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP)
Authors: Gustafson Deborah R. , Bäckman K. , Scarmeas N. , Stern Y. , Manly J.J. , Mayeux R. , Gu Y. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionHigh dietary intake of long chain, polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with lower Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk.MethodsWashington Heights‐Hamilton Heights‐Inwood Columbia Aging Project is a multiethnic, prospective observational study of aging and dementia among elderly (≥ 65 years). Dietary intake was measured using a food frequency questionnaire. Dietary short‐, medium‐, and long‐chain fatty acid intakes were categorized by number of carbons and double bonds. Consensus AD diagnoses were made. Associations between AD risk and dietary fatty acid and cholesterol intakes were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models.ResultsOf 2612 multiethnic women (67%) and men (baseline age 76.3 [6.4] years), 380 developed AD over an average 4.5 years follow‐up. Lower risk of AD was associated with increasing intakes of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.57 to 0.95, P = 0.018) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.57 to 0.95, P = 0.021), and longer AD‐free survival (P < 0.05).DiscussionHigher intake of DHA and EPA are protective for AD.
How to Remove the Capping Agent from Pd Nanocubes without Destructing Their Surface Structure for the Maximization of Catalytic Activity?
Authors: Shi Yifeng , Lyu Zhiheng , Cao Zhenming , Xie Minghao , Xia Younan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe report a robust method for effectively removing the chemisorbed Br− ions, a capping agent, from the surface of Pd nanocubes to maximize their catalytic activity. The Br− ions can be removed by simply heating the sample in water, but the desorption of Br− ions will expose the underneath Pd atoms to the O2 from air for the formation of a relatively thick oxide layer. During potential cycling, the oxide layer evolves into detrimental features such as steps and terraces. By introducing a trace amount of hydrazine into the system, the Br− ions can be removed by heating without forming a thick oxide layer. The as‐cleaned nanocubes show greatly enhanced activity toward formic acid oxidation. This cleaning method can also remove Br− ions from Rh nanocubes and it is expected to work for other combinations of nanocrystals and capping agents.
Plattformen für die orale Insulinabgabe: Strategien zur Beseitigung der biologischen Barrieren
Authors: Xiao Yufen , Tang Zhongmin , Wang Junqing , Liu Chuang , Kong Na , Farokhzad Omid C. , Tao Wei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDiabetes mellitus ist eine lebenslange Stoffwechselerkrankung, die häufige subkutane Insulininjektionen erfordert. Diese Verabreichungsmethode kann jedoch mit Beschwerden des Patienten und einer lokalen Gewebeinfektion verbunden sein. Die orale Verabreichung von Insulin wird aufgrund der wahrscheinlich überlegenen Patientencompliance und ‐bequemlichkeit sowie der Kosteneffizienz als bequemere Methode zur Behandlung von Diabetes verfolgt. Verschiedene biologische Barrieren behindern jedoch die klinische Translation von oralem Insulin. Die rasante Entwicklung der Nanotechnologie im letzten Jahrzehnt bietet vielversprechende Möglichkeiten zur Verbesserung der Bioverfügbarkeit von oralem Insulin. Dieser Kurzaufsatz gibt einen Überblick über biologische Barrieren für die orale Insulinabgabe, fasst wichtige technische Fortschritte zusammen und skizziert zukünftige Perspektiven in oralen Insulinformulierungen sowie deren hypoglykämische Wirkungen.
Water‐Induced Structural Dynamic Process in Molecular Sieves under Mild Hydrothermal Conditions: Ship‐in‐a‐Bottle Strategy for Acidity Identification and Catalyst Modification
Authors: Sun Tantan , Xu Shutao , Xiao Dong , Liu Zhiqiang , Li Guangchao , Zheng Anmin , Liu Wenjuan , Xu Zhaochao , Cao Yi , Guo Qiang , Wang Nan , Wei Yingxu , Liu Zhongmin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWater is the most important substance in nature. Imitating the formation of natural materials, molecular sieves have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and applied in industry. Herein, we reveal an unforeseen observation on a very special water‐induced structural dynamic process of these materials. Dynamic and reversible breaking and forming of T‐O‐T bonds in silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) occurs through interactions between gaseous water and the molecular‐sieve framework under mild hydrothermal conditions and is confirmed by detection of the incorporation of 17O from H217O into molecular‐sieve framework. Encapsulation of the bulky molecules trimethylphosphine and pyridine (kinetic diameters much larger than the pore size of SAPO‐34) into CHA cavities consolidated the water‐induced dynamic process. Consequently, new insights into the dynamic features of molecular sieves in water are provided. The ship‐in‐a‐bottle strategy based on these findings also open new fields for fine acidity identification and gives extra boost in shape‐selective catalysis.
Coupled Metabolic Cycles Allow Out‐of‐Equilibrium Autopoietic Vesicle Replication
Authors: Engwerda Anthonius H. J. , Southworth Josh , Lebedeva Maria A. , Scanes Robert J. H. , Kukura Philipp , Fletcher Stephen P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe report chemically fuelled out‐of‐equilibrium self‐replicating vesicles based on surfactant formation. We studied the vesicles’ autocatalytic formation using UPLC to determine monomer concentration and interferometric scattering microscopy at the nanoparticle level. Unlike related reports of chemically fuelled self‐replicating micelles, our vesicular system was too stable to surfactant degradation to be maintained out of equilibrium. The introduction of a catalyst, which introduces a second catalytic cycle into the metabolic network, was used to close the first cycle. This shows how coupled catalytic cycles can create a metabolic network that allows the creation and perseverance of fuel‐driven, out‐of‐equilibrium self‐replicating vesicles.
Tuning Chain Relaxation from an Amorphous Biopolymer Film to Crystals by Removing Air/Water Interface Limitations
Authors: Han Qian , Tao Fei , Xu Yan , Su Hao , Yang Facui , Körstgens Volker , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter , Yang Peng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA promising route to the synthesis of protein‐mimetic materials that are capable of strong mechanics and complex functions is provided by intermolecular β‐sheet stacking. An understanding of the assembly mechanism on β‐sheet stacking at molecular‐level and the related influencing factors determine the potential to design polymorphs of such biomaterials towards broad applications. Herein, we quantitatively reveal the air/water interface (AWI) parameters regulating the transformation from crowding amorphous aggregates to ordered phase and show that the polymorph diversity of β‐sheet stacking is regulated by the chain relaxation‐crystallization mechanism. An amorphous macroscale amyloid‐like nanofilm is formed at the AWI, in which unfolded protein chains are aligned in a short‐range manner to form randomly packed β‐sheets. The subsequent biopolymer chain relaxation‐crystallization to form nanocrystals is further triggered by removing the limitations of energy and space at the AWI.
“Perioperative Unfolding Case Study”—A Lesson in Quality and Safety
Authors: Altmiller Gerry 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTUnfolding case studies present the opportunity for learners to develop and improve their critical thinking and problem‐solving skills to deliver safe patient care. The structure of an unfolding case study actively engages learners to determine and customize nursing care based on the patient's changing situation. In addition, this type of case study supports development of knowledge, skills, and attitudes consistent with the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competencies. During the student session at the AORN Global Surgical Conference & Expo 2019, the author gave attendees the opportunity to participate in the “Perioperative unfolding case study” that was framed in the QSEN competencies. Session evaluations indicated that participants found the process provided a thorough overview of perioperative nursing and emphasized safety‐focused initiatives that protect patients undergoing operative and other invasive procedures. This article offers an in‐depth discussion of the “Perioperative unfolding case study” and its implementation.
Developing a Perioperative Nurse Residency Program to Address Planned Nurse Retirements
Authors: Nissen Nancy A. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTMany perioperative nurses are nearing retirement age, which requires hospital and other surgical facility leaders either to compete for experienced perioperative nurses or to find educational solutions to prepare qualified nurses for the perioperative nurse role. Facing the upcoming retirement of several perioperative nurses, leaders at the Sacramento Veterans Affairs Medical Center needed to be proactive. This article describes the leaders’ exploration of possible solutions to the shortage, the development of attainable goals, and the steps to provide a successful perioperative nurse residency program. It discusses the required human and material resources, the candidate screening process, and information related to classroom and clinical experiences. The first nine‐month perioperative nurse residency program concluded with three graduates who are now working full‐time as RN circulators and scrub persons. This facility’s administrative leaders immediately approved a second cohort that ran from February 2019 to November 2019.
Ionizing radiation as adjuvant for the abiotic degradation of plastic bags containing pro‐oxidant additives
Authors: Aldas Miguel , Valle Vladimir , Aguilar Jenny , Pavon Cristina , Santos Roque , Luna Maribel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe effects of ionizing radiation in promoting the abiotic degradation mechanisms in oxo‐degradable plastic bags were studied. Commercial plastic bags, containing pro‐oxidant additives, were irradiated with gamma photons and accelerated electrons at doses of 5 and 10 kGy. Then, the irradiated bags were exposed to abiotic degradation, either thermal aging or accelerated weathering. Mechanical and microstructural characterizations were performed to follow the degradation. Plastic bags containing additives did not show important changes in their structure after ionizing radiation and thermal aging. Meanwhile, accelerated weathering combined with gamma photons irradiation produce fragmentation of all the samples after 120 h of degradation. It was concluded that the combination of ionizing radiation and accelerated weathering allows the breakage of polyethylene chains trough accelerating the activation of pro‐oxidant additive. Additionally, polyethylene molecules are degraded with pre‐treatment of ionizing radiation even if they do not contain the pro‐oxidant additive.
Fabrication of alginate‐P(SBMA‐co‐AAm) hydrogels with ultrastretchability, strain sensitivity, self‐adhesiveness, biocompatibility, and self‐cleaning function for strain sensors
Authors: Jin Xiaoqiang , Jiang Huihong , Qiao Fenghui , Huang Weipin , Bao Xiaojiong , Wang Zhengke , Hu Qiaoling 
Published: July 2020

AbstractConductive hydrogels have attracted a myriad of interest due to their potential applications for human motion monitoring, personal healthcare diagnosis and so forth. However, fabrication of hydrogel‐based strain sensors integrating with ultrastretchability, adhesiveness, strain sensitivity, biocompatibility, and self‐cleaning function is still a challenge. Herein, a new type of semi‐interpenetrating multifunctional hydrogels, which integrated all above practical features magically were prepared via a facile one‐pot in‐situ radical copolymerization method. Thereinto, [2‐(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] dimethyl‐(3‐sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide (SBMA) and acrylamide (AAm) copolymers cross‐linked by N,N′‐Methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA) served as the soft and functional matrix, whereas alginate was employed as the enhanced component. The transparent zwitterionic hydrogels had a max elongation and ionic conductivity of 1353% and 0.15 S/m, respectively. They could adhere onto various surfaces, including steel, glass, skin, and rubber. The repeatable adhesiveness, linear strain sensitivity within 0%–250% tensile strain and 0%–30% compressive strain provided remarkable working range and using stability. What's more notable was that the biocompatibility and self‐cleaning function tested by MTT, live/dead assay, allergy patch tests, and plate colony‐counting method imparted great possibility of practical application for strain sensors to hydrogels from a biological point of view.
Solar observatory Einstein Tower: Data release of the digitized solar full‐disk photographic plate archive
Authors: Pal Partha S. , Verma Meetu , Rendtel Jürgen , Manrique Sergio Javier González , Enke Harry , Denker Carsten 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe present solar full‐disk observations that were recorded at the Einstein Tower during the years 1943–1991 (solar cycles 18–22). High‐school students from Potsdam and Berlin digitized more than 3,500 full‐disk images during 2–3‐week internships at Leibniz‐Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP). The digital images cover a 15 cm × 15 cm region on photographic plates, which were scanned at a resolution of 7,086 × 7,086 pixels. The raw data are monochromatic 8‐bit images in the tagged image file format (TIFF). These images were calibrated and saved with improved photometric precision as 16‐bit images with 2,048 × 2,048 pixels in the Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) format, which contains extensive headers describing the full‐disk images and the observations. The various calibration steps include, for example, accurate measurements of the solar radius, determination of the limb‐darkening function, and establishing an accurate coordinate system. The contrast‐enhanced and limb‐darkening corrected images, as well as the raw data, are freely available to researchers and the general public in a publicly accessible repository. The data are published as a special data release of the Archives of Photographic PLates for Astronomical USE (APPLAUSE) project.
Exploring Lithium Storage Mechanism and Cycling Stability of Bi2Mo3O12 Binary Metal Oxide Anode Composited with Ti3C2 MXene
Authors: Tian Kai , Lu Hui , Bu Liangmin , Huang Xue , Chiang Chao‐Lung , Yang Shiqi , Zhao Yue , Lin Yan‐Gu , Zhao Jianqing , Gao Lijun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMetal oxides are widely evaluated as high‐capacity anode candidates for practical lithium ion battery applications, owing to their attractive volumetric and gravimetric capacities compared with the traditional graphite anode. Synergistic effects on improving electrochemical performance of binary metal oxide anodes have been increasingly reported via different working mechanisms for lithium storage instead of simple combination of two single components. Herein, we report on exploring lithium storage mechanism in Bi2Mo3O12 binary metal oxide for the first time as an anode material. In‐situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction measurements are performed on this exotic material to elucidate lithium storage behaviors, coupled with voltage‐resolved cyclic voltammetry and ex‐situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. The Bi2Mo3O12 anode undergoes an irreversible initial conversion reaction, resulting in metallic Bi and Li2MoO4 components through electrochemical lithiation. During successive cycling, these two components reversibly uptake and release Li ions through alloying/de‐alloying and intercalation/de‐intercalation reactions, by forming corresponding Li3Bi alloy and excessively‐lithiated Li2+xMoO4 derivative, respectively. Cycling stability of the Bi2Mo3O12 anode material is considerably enhanced by in‐situ composition with Ti3C2‐based MXene nanosheets. The Bi2Mo3O12@Ti3C2 composite anode material can deliver an initial charge capacity of approximately 846 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 and retain at 227 mAh g−1 upon prolonged 1000 cycles at 2.5 A g−1 high charge/discharge current density. This work offers some insights into lithium storage mechanism and composite nanostructure design in Bi−Mo−O binary metal oxide anode towards enhanced electrochemical performance.
Chromatographic clarification overcomes chromatin‐mediated hitch‐hiking interactions on Protein A capture column
Authors: Van de Velde Joris , Saller Manfred J. , Eyer Kurt , Voloshin Alexei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractProtein A capture chromatography is a critical unit operation in the clearance of host cell protein (HCP) impurities in monoclonal antibody (mAb) purification processes. Though one of the most effective purification steps, variable levels of protein impurities are often observed in the eluate. Coelution of HCP impurities is suggested to be strongly affected by the presence of chromatin complexes (Gagnon et al., 2014; Koehler et al., 2019). We investigated the effect of removal of DNA complex and HCP reduction pre‐Protein A on the HCP clearance performance of the Protein A capture step itself. We found that only reduction of DNA in the Protein A load consistently lowered HCP in the Protein A eluate. Reduction of HCP in the Protein A load stream did not produce a significant increase in the chromatography HCP clearance performance. These results are consistent across three different biosimilar therapeutic mAbs expressed by the same Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line (i.e., CHOBC® of Polpharma Biologics). This result demonstrates that optimization of the mAb purification process utilizing Protein A as the primary capture step depends primarily on being able to effectively clear DNA and associated complexes early in the process, rather than trying to incorporate HCP reduction at the harvest cell culture fluid.
Vitamin D supplementation and serum neurofilament light chain in interferon‐beta‐1b‐treated MS patients
Authors: Hänninen Katariina , Jääskeläinen Olli , Herukka Sanna‐Kaisa , Soilu‐Hänninen Merja 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesSerum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) is a promising biomarker of MS activity, progression, and treatment response. The aim of the present study was to address whether sNfL concentrations are affected by supplementation of vitamin D and correlate with disease activity in interferon‐beta‐1b (IFNb‐1b)‐treated Finnish MS.Materials and MethodsSerum samples were available of 32 participants of the Finnish vitamin D randomized controlled trial (17 vitamin D/15 placebo). Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D was measured using radioimmunoassay and sNfL using single‐molecule array (Simoa). Correlation of sNfL with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) activity, burden of disease (BOD, mm3), and disability was assessed at the study baseline and at 52 weeks.ResultsSerum NfL concentrations were similar in the patients randomized to high‐dose vitamin D and placebo at the study baseline and at month 12 follow‐up (p‐value). Concentrations of sNfL were higher in patients with Gadolinium‐enhancing lesions in brain MRI: median (95% CI) sNfL was 14.84 (9.9–42.5) pg/ml and 11.39 (8.9–13.2) pg/ml in patients without Gd+lesions (p = .0144) and correlated with enhancing lesion volume (Pearsonr = .36,p = .037) at the study baseline but not at week 52. Serum NfL did not correlate with the MRI BOD or disability measured by expanded disability status scale and 25‐foot walk test.ConclusionIn this small cohort of clinically stable IFN‐treated Finnish MS patients, sNfL levels were similarly low in patients supplemented with high‐dose vitamin D or placebo. Subclinical disease activity in MRI was associated with higher sNfL levels.