bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women's HIV disclosure to the dentist: Does frequent contact matter?
Authors: Parish Carrigan L. , Feaster Daniel J. , Pereyra Margaret R. , Alcaide Maria L. , Weber Kathleen M. , Cohen Mardge H. , Levin Susanna , Gustafson Deborah , Merenstein Daniel , Aouizerat Bradley E. , Donohue Jessica , Webster‐Cyriaque Jennifer , Wingood Gina , Kempf Mirjam‐Colette , Metsch Lisa R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesResearch has shown inconsistent patterns of patients' HIV serostatus disclosure to their dentists. Common barriers to disclosure have included confidentiality concerns, fear of treatment refusal, and discrimination. This study evaluated the prevalence of HIV serostatus disclosure to the dentist, whether the frequency of dental care utilization is associated with disclosure, and reasons for nondisclosure among women living with HIV.MethodsWe administered a cross‐sectional oral health survey to 1,526 women living with HIV in the Women's Interagency HIV Study including questions regarding HIV serostatus disclosure to dentists. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between dental care utilization (at least annually versus less than annually) and HIV serostatus disclosure to dentists.ResultsOverall, 83 percent of women reported that they disclosed their HIV serostatus to their dentist. The most common reasons for nondisclosure were: a) the dentist did not ask, b) believing that the dentist did not need to know, and c) not having a consistent dentist. In the multivariable logistic regression model, at least annual dental care utilization, compared to less than annual, led to a 59 percent reduction in the odds of HIV nondisclosure to the dentist.DiscussionStudy findings highlight that dentists who see their patients infrequently should consider methods for overcoming barriers to HIV nondisclosure and the possibility that their patient's HIV serostatus is undisclosed. Educating women living with HIV about how disclosure to dentists is a critical component of their dental assessment and treatment, and how preventive dental treatment can improve overall health outcomes, is important.
Developmental stages in microbiota, bile acids, and clostridial species in healthy puppies
Authors: Blake Amanda B. , Cigarroa Annalis , Klein Hannah L. , Khattab Mohammad R. , Keating Theresa , Van De Coevering Patti , Lidbury Jonathan A. , Steiner Jörg M. , Suchodolski Jan S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe fecal microbiota, fecal bile acid concentrations, and abundance of Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile are altered in acute and chronic gastrointestinal disease in adult dogs. However, less is known in young puppies.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo determine composition of the fecal microbiota, assess development of fecal bile acid profiles, and determine the abundance of Clostridial species in puppies, young adult dogs, and adult dogs.AnimalsHealthy puppies from a whelping kennel (n = 53) and healthy client‐owned dogs <1 year old (n = 20) were separated into 6 age groups, then compared to client‐owned dogs over 1 year of age (n = 13).MethodsProspective observational study. Naturally voided fecal samples were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction to measure bacterial abundances. Fecal bile acids were quantified using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry.ResultsPuppies up to 5 to 6 weeks of age had increased Dysbiosis Index (median [min‐max]: 5.39 [1.32‐8.6], P < .001), increased abundance of C. difficile (4.1 [0.01‐4.85] log DNA, P < .001), decreased secondary bile acid concentrations (0.61 [0.28‐5.06] μg/mg, P = .006), and decreased abundance of C. hiranonis (0.84 [0.01‐6.71], P = .005) compared to adult dogs (−4.62 [−8.36 to −0.61], 0.01 [0.01‐0.01], 4.12 [0.32‐8.94], and 6.02 [5.06‐7.00], respectively). Secondary bile acid concentration positively correlated with C. hiranonis abundance (ρ = 0.77; P < .001).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe increase in secondary bile acids and simultaneous decrease of C. difficile and C. perfringens after 5 to 6 weeks of age warrants further investigation into regulatory impacts that secondary bile acids could have on clostridial species in dogs.
A Promised Value Approach to Optimal Monetary Policy*
Authors: Hills Timothy , Nakata Taisuke , Sunakawa Takeki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper characterizes optimal commitment policy in the New Keynesian model using a recursive formulation of the central bank's infinite‐horizon optimization problem in which promised inflation and output gap – as opposed to lagged Lagrange multipliers – act as pseudo‐state variables. Our recursive formulation is motivated by (Kydland, F. and Prescott, E. C. (1980). Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control Vol. 2, pp. 79–91). Using three well‐known variants of the model – one featuring inflation bias, one featuring stabilization bias and one featuring a lower bound constraint on nominal interest rates – we show that the proposed formulation sheds new light on the nature of the intertemporal trade‐off facing the central bank.
Cardiac sympathetic activation and parasympathetic withdrawal during psychosocial stress exposure in 6‐month‐old infants
Authors: Ritz Thomas , Schulz Stefan M. , Rosenfield David , Wright Rosalind J. , Bosquet Enlow Michelle 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInfant autonomic reactivity to stress is a potential predictor of later life health complications, but research has not sufficiently examined sympathetic activity, controlled for effects of physical activity and respiration, or studied associations among autonomic adjustments, cardiac activity, and affect in infants. We studied 278 infants during the repeated Still‐Face Paradigm, a standardized stressor, while monitoring cardiac activity (ECG) and respiratory pattern (respiratory inductance plethysmography). Video ratings of physical activity and affect were also performed. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and T‐wave amplitude (TWA) served as noninvasive indicators of cardiac parasympathetic and sympathetic activity, respectively. Responses were compared between infants who completed two still‐face exposures and those who terminated after one exposure due to visible distress. Findings, controlled for physical activity, showed robust reductions in respiration‐adjusted RSA and TWA, with more tonic attenuation of TWA. Infants completing only one still‐face trial showed more pronounced autonomic changes and less recovery from stress. They also showed elevated minute ventilation, suggesting hyperventilation. Both reductions in adjusted RSA and TWA contributed equally to heart rate changes and were associated with higher negative and lower positive affect. These associations were more robust in the group of distressed infants unable to complete both still‐face trials. Thus, cardiac sympathetic activation and parasympathetic withdrawal are part of the infant stress response, beyond associated physical activity and respiration changes. Their association with cardiac chronotropy and affect increases as infants' distress level increases. This excess reactivity to social stress should be examined as a predictor of future cardiovascular disease.
Cyberbullying and cybervictimization among preadolescents: Does time perspective matter?
Authors: Longobardi Claudio , Gullotta Giulia , Ferrigno Serena , Jungert Tomas , Thornberg Robert , Settanni Michele 
Published: October 2020

Time perspective has been recognized as an important psychological dimension with a pervasive and powerful influence on human behavior. To the authors’ knowledge, no studies have focused on the relationship between time perspective and cyberbullying behavior. The first aim of this research is to fill this gap by investigating the relationship between different time perspectives and both cyberbullying and cybervictimization among 6th to 8th grade students. The second objective was to investigate the relationship between time perspective, cyberbullying behaviors, peer problems, and the quality of relationship with teachers. A sample consisting of 403 students aged between 11 and 14 years from Italian middle schools (56% females, mean age = 12.2 years) were recruited. Participants filled in a self‐report questionnaire measuring cyberbullying and cybervictimization as well as the Time Perspective questionnaire. The analyses showed the presence of significant correlations between time perspective and both cyberbullying and cybervictimization. In particular, cybervictimization showed a quite large positive correlation with a past‐negative orientation and a negative correlation with past‐positive orientation. Instead, the involvement in active cyberbullying was positively correlated with a past‐negative orientation and negatively correlated with future orientation. The findings advance the understanding of psychological factors influencing cyberbullying during early adolescence and suggest the importance of past‐positive and past‐negative orientations in accounting for both active cyberbullying and cybervictimization. As expected, future orientation appeared to represent a protective factor against involvement in cyberbullying behaviors.
False‐negative solid‐phase platelet crossmatch results due to prozone phenomenon
Authors: Horton Rachel K. , Zuccarelli Micah D. , Wakefield Laurie L. , DiGuardo Margaret A. , Gandhi Manish J. , Juskewitch Justin E. 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundProzone is a known phenomenon affecting immunoassays causing falsely low or negative results when excess target is present in the test system. For assays used to evaluate immune‐mediated platelet (PLT) transfusion refractoriness, prozone‐like phenomenon has been described in solid‐phase human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibody testing and can be mitigated by diluting samples or pretreating samples with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or dithiothreitol. Prozone phenomenon has not yet been described in solid‐phase red blood cell (RBC) adherence PLT crossmatch assays.Case ReportA 40‐year‐old female with myeloid sarcoma and PLT transfusion refractoriness underwent repeated solid‐phase PLT crossmatches; however, crossmatch‐compatible PLTs units did not yield adequate PLT count responses. Class I HLA antibody testing with neat, diluted, and EDTA‐pretreated serum demonstrated significant prozone‐like effect and the presence of numerous high strength HLA antibodies. Based on this HLA antibody profile, HLA antigen–negative PLTs gave an adequate PLT count response. It was noted that the HLA types of her crossmatch‐compatible PLTs were incompatible with her HLA antibody profile (eg, HLA‐A2). With ABO‐identical, HLA‐A2–positive PLT units, a solid‐phase PLT crossmatch was repeated using undiluted and diluted EDTA plasma. Undiluted EDTA plasma demonstrated negative or weakly positive PLT crossmatches while the diluted EDTA plasma demonstrated strongly positive PLT crossmatches.ConclusionThe prozone phenomenon can cause false‐negative results in solid‐phase RBC adherence PLT crossmatch assays, which can be mitigated with sample dilution. In immune‐mediated PLT transfusion–refractory patients with high‐strength HLA antibodies, sample dilution should be considered to correctly identify compatible PLT inventory.
Stent-Induced Vascular Remodeling in Two-Step Stent-Assisted Coiling Treatment of Brain Aneurysms: A Closer Look Into the Hemodynamic Changes During the Stent Healing Period
Authors: Santos Gabriel B. , Oliveira Iago , Gasche José L. , Militzer Julio , Baccin Carlos E. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Stenting has become an important adjunctive tool for assisting coil embolization in complex-shaped intracranial aneurysms. However, as a secondary effect, stent deployment has been related to both immediate and delayed remodeling of the local vasculature. Recent studies have demonstrated that this phenomenon may assume different roles depending on the treatment stage. However, the extent of such event on the intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics is still unclear; especially when performing two-step stent-assisted coiling (SAC). Therefore, we performed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the blood flow in four bifurcation aneurysms focusing on the stent healing period found in SAC as a two-step maneuver. Our results show that by changing the local vasculature, the intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics changes considerably. However, even though changes do occur, they were not consistent among the cases. Furthermore, by changing the local vasculature not only the shear levels change but also the shear distribution on the aneurysm surface. Additionally, a geometric analysis alone can mislead the estimation of the novel hemodynamic environment after vascular remodeling, especially in the presence of mixing streams. Therefore, although the novel local vasculature might induce an improved hemodynamic environment, it is also plausible to expect that adverse hemodynamic conditions might occur. This could pose a particularly delicate condition since the aneurysm surface remains completely exposed to the novel hemodynamic environment during the stent healing period. Finally, our study emphasizes that vascular remodeling should be considered when assessing the hemodynamics in aneurysms treated with stents, especially when evaluating the earlier stages of the treatment process.
An Inertant Elastic Metamaterial Plate With Extra Wide Low-Frequency Flexural Band Gaps
Authors: Fang Xiang , Chuang Kuo-Chih , Jin Xiao-Ling , Wang Dan-Feng , Huang Zhi-Long 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Arranging inerter arrays in designing metamaterials can achieve low-frequency vibration suppression even with a small configuration mass. In this work, we investigate flexural wave bandgap properties of an elastic metamaterial plate with periodic arrays of inerter-based dynamic vibration absorbers (IDVAs). By extending the plane wave expansion (PWE) method, the inertant elastic metamaterial plate is explicitly formulated in which the interactions of the attached IDVAs and the host plate are considered. Due to the additional degree-of-freedom induced by each IDVA, multiple band gaps are obtained. Along the ΓX direction, the inertant elastic metamaterial plate exhibits two locally resonant (LR) band gaps and one Bragg (BG) band gap. In contrast, along the ΓM direction, two adjacent LR band gaps are obtained. Detailed parametric analyses are conducted to investigate the relationships between the flexural wave bandgap properties and the structural inertant parameters. With a dissipative mechanism added to the IDVAs, extremely wide band gaps in different directions can be further generated. Finally, by adopting an effective added mass technique in the finite element method, displacement transmission and vibration modes of a finite inertant elastic metamaterial plate are obtained. Our investigation indicates that the proposed inertant elastic metamaterial plate has extra-wide low-frequency flexural band gaps and therefore has potential applications in engineering vibration prohibition.
Decentralized PID Controller Design for SOFC-GT
Authors: Emami Tooran , Tsai Alex , Tucker David 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a performance of a 300 kW Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Gas Turbine (SOFC-GT) pilot power plant simulator under an area of selection of the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller coefficients that satisfies the stability, gain and phase margins. The performance of turbine speed and the fuel cell mass flow rate is controlled by the set of PID controller coefficients from this area. The input to the subsystems power plant are the electric load and cold air valve. The decentralized controllers are designed for each subsystems performance individually as a Single Input Single Output (SISO) system. Two of subsystem plants are the transfer functions of turbine speed over the electric load and the cold air valve. The other two subsystem plants are the transfer functions of fuel cell mass flow rate over the electric load and the cold air bypass valve. The flexibility to have an area to select PID controller coefficients is beneficial to SOFC-GT plant due to the wide range of operations and internal parameter interactions. Designing the PID controller for the specific phase and gain margins increase the reliability and robustness of the SOFC-GT with multiple uncertain parameters. The practical implementation of this methodology is presented through the software environment.
Comparison of Trapezoidal Secondary Reflectors of a Linear Fresnel Reflector
Authors: López-Núñez Oscar A. , Alfaro-Ayala J. Arturo , Ramírez-Minguela J. J. , Crespo-Quintanilla Jesus A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Linear Fresnel Reflector (LFR) is a promising solar concentrating technology because of its simple design and its low cost compared with others concentrating solar technologies. There are different geometrical parameters that can affect the performance of the LFR specially in the trapezoidal secondary reflector. In this work, a comparison between four different geometries of the secondary reflector of an LFR by means of Computational Fluid Dynamics (Ansys Fluent®) is carried out. It is taking into account the variation of the tilt angle of 45°, 50°, 60° and 70° in the trapezoidal geometry with a constant aperture and a constant height. The comparison is made in terms of the absorbed radiation flux in the absorber tube and the entropy generation rate in a global and local way considering an LFR with 25 mirrors. The entropy generation rate considers the phenomena of viscous dissipation, heat transfer and radiation by means of a user-defined function. The trapezoidal geometry of 60° presents an absorbed radiation flux value of 4085.9 W/m2 with a total entropy generation rate of 0.043 W/K with a thermal efficiency value of 0.284. The results of this CFD model can be applied to obtain a better performance of LFRs.
The Effect of Wavelength of Light on Solar Electrical Performance
Authors: Ibrahim Nagwa Ibrahim , Baher Edin Omer Manahil Mohammed 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The photovoltaic effect takes place at the junction of two semiconducting materials. The relation between energy (E) of light (photons) and wavelength (lambda) is given the energy of the incident photons is inversely proportional to their wavelengths. Violet is the Short-wavelength radiation, occupy the end of the electromagnetic spectrum which includes ultraviolet radiation and gamma rays. On the other hand, long-wavelength radiation occupies the red end and includes infrared radiation, microwaves, and radio waves. The wavelengths of visible light occur between 400 and 700 nm, so the bandwidth wavelength for silicon solar cells is in the very near-infrared range. Any radiation with a longer wavelength, such as microwaves and radio waves, lacks the energy to produce, electricity from a solar cell. The cost-efficiency of photovoltaic solar panels maybe reducing by reflection losses is a major field of study in the solar glass market. The color from glass cover is an important factor for the performance of photovoltaic panels as it can turn out to be an active component in the design of PV panels. Indeed, different glass covers perform very differently under direct and diffuse radiance. Several factors poignant the parameters of the solar cells, wherever these factors influence the performance on the solar cells. An experiment was carried out to investigate current interdependence on each color’s wavelength, and to give the effect regarding color cover, what part of the light of spectrum would produce a maximum power out, and also the effect of changing the wavelength (color) on short circuit current, and open voltage circuit. The results show the smallest value of maximum power in the violet zone and the biggest value of maximum power in the red zone.
Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of a Solar Air Heater Assisted by a Dehumidification System for an Agriculture Greenhouse
Authors: Almehmadi Fahad , Hallinan Kevin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Appropriate greenhouse microclimate control is essential for optimizing plant growth and food production. But, maintenance of a greenhouse microclimate generally requires an excessive amount of energy. According to a report published by Scott Sanford [1], the energy cost for greenhouses is considered the third highest annual cost, behind labor and plant materials. At northern latitudes, heating is the primary energy requirement needed in an agriculture greenhouse, comprising 70 to 80% of a typical greenhouse energy consumption [1]. A reduction of heating energy is necessary to ensure the economic viability of a greenhouse.
This research investigates the potential energy savings associated with integrating a solar air heater assisted with a desiccant wheel in an agriculture greenhouse. This study has two main thrusts. The first is to demonstrate the energy effectiveness a solar air heater with a dehumidification system to maintain the internal climate. The second thrust is to develop a multi-linear regression model that can be used to predict the hourly heating requirement. Thereafter, the developed regression model can be used to conduct a parametric analysis to investigate the impact of changing greenhouse parameters on the total heating requirements.
A case study has been considered for a greenhouse that is 30 m long and 24 m wide. The climate condition of the city of Dayton, OH was selected for this case. The predicted performance of the integrated system is compared with two other heating systems: electric and gas furnaces. The study reveals that heating energy savings in the proposed system is 51% and 30% when compared with the electric and gas furnaces, respectively. Aside from heating energy savings, the proposed system can be efficiently used to control indoor humidity in a way that ensures better crop yield.
A Life Cycle Assessment of Biodiesel Fuel Produced From Waste Cooking Oil
Authors: Torres Hannah , Camacho Kayla , Macken Nelson 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Biofuels have received considerable attention as a more sustainable solution for transportation fuels. Used vegetable oil, normally considered a waste product, has been suggested as a possible candidate. Herein we perform a life cycle assessment to determine the environmental impact of biodiesel fuel produced from waste vegetable oil. We present a cradle to fuel model that includes the following unit processes: growing and harvesting, soy oil processing, cooking, waste vegetable oil refining, transesterification to produce biodiesel fuel and transportation when required. For growing and harvesting, national historical data for yields, energy required for machinery, fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium), herbicides, pesticides and nitrous oxide production are considered. In soy oil processing, crushing and extraction using hexane are included. For cooking, typical fryer performance and food production are considered. In order to determine a mass balance for the cooking operation, oil carryout and waste oil removal are estimated. During waste oil refining, oil is filtered and water removed. Methanol and a catalyst are used in the process of transesterification with glycerin as a byproduct. Transportation is considered using diesel trucks. Data from GREET is used throughout to compute global warming potential (GWP) and energy consumption in terms of cumulative energy demand (CED). Mass allocation is applied to the soy meal produced in refining, oil utilized for cooking and glycerin produced during transesterification. Results are compared to traditional diesel fuel and gasoline. Individual processes are examined to determine possibilities for reduction of GWP and CED. Suggestions are made for improvements in environmental impact using alternative or more efficient methods. The study should provide useful information on the sustainability of biodiesel fuel produced from waste cooking oil.