bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sampling, Analysis, and Risk Assessment for Asbestos and Other Mineral Fibers in Soil
Authors: Cahill Ed 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Asbestos may be present in soil as a natural occurrence or by contamination from asbestos-containing building materials, illegal dumping of asbestos, or other human activities. When trying to properly assess asbestos and other mineral fiber content in a sample by microscopy, soil is a problem matrix in all respects. Even defining the sample to be collected requires forethought and can greatly influence the final analytical result. Determining the sampling approach as well as the best sample preparation and analysis techniques are critical to obtaining accurate results in a metric that is useful to the end user. This article provides an overview of the various approaches that can be applied to assist those involved with asbestos in soil projects. There are many analytical techniques that can be applied for the determination of asbestos content in soil, including visual observation in the field, stereomicroscopy, polarized light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and others. All of these techniques have their own inherent strengths and weaknesses. Fortunately all of the analysis options are complementary, and using multiple techniques can help to better characterize a sampling site and provide a more comprehensive assessment. Time and cost constraints will typically play a role in determining the final sampling and analysis plan.
Urinary proteome of dogs with kidney injury during babesiosis
Authors: Winiarczyk Dagmara , Michalak Katarzyna , Adaszek Łukasz , Winiarczyk Mateusz , Winiarczyk Stanisław 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
BackgroundAcute kidney injury is the most frequent complication of babesiosis in dogs and may provide a natural model for identifying early and specific markers of kidney injury in this species. There are limited data on urine proteomics in dogs, and none of the effect of babesiosis on the urine proteome. This study aimed to identify urinary proteins of dogs with kidney injury during the natural course of babesiosis caused by Babesia canis, and to compare them with proteins in a control group to reveal any potential biomarkers predicting renal injury before the presence of azotemia.Urine samples were collected from 10 dogs of various breeds and sex with naturally occurring babesiosis, and 10 healthy dogs. Pooled urine samples from both groups were separated by 2D (two-dimensional) electrophoresis, followed by protein identification using MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight) mass spectrometry. ResultsIn total, 176 proteins were identified in the urine samples from healthy dogs, and 403 proteins were identified in the urine samples from dogs with babesiosis. Of the 176 proteins, 146 were assigned exclusively to healthy dogs, and 373 of the 403 proteins were assigned exclusively to dogs with babesiosis; 30 proteins were common for both groups. Characteristic analysis of 373 proteins found in dogs with babesiosis led to the isolation of 8 proteins associated with 10 metabolic pathways involved in immune and inflammatory responses. ConclusionsIt was hypothesized that epithelial-mesenchymal transition might play an important role in the mechanisms underlying pathological changes in renal tissue during babesiosis, as indicated by a causal relationship network built by combining 5 of the 10 selected metabolic pathways, and 4 of the 8 proteins associated with these pathways; this network included cadherins, gonadotropin releasing hormone receptors, inflammatory responses mediated by chemokine and cytokine signalling pathways, integrins, interleukins, and TGF-β (transforming growth factor β) pathways. Those pathways were linked by interleukin-13, bone morphogenetic protein 7, α2(1) collagen, and tyrosine protein kinase Fer, which are potential biomarkers of damage during babesiosis in dogs, that might indicate early renal injury.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis of GmLHY genes alters plant height and internode length in soybean
Authors: Kong Fanjiang , Cheng Qun , Dong Lidong , Su Tong , Gan Zhuoran , Nan Haiyang , Lu Sijia , Fang Chao , Kong Liping , Li Haiyang , Hou Zhihong , Kou Kun , Tang Yang , Lin Xiaoya , Zhao Xiaohui , Chen Liyu , Liu Baohui 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Soybean (Glycine max) is an economically important oil and protein crop. Plant height is a key trait that significantly impacts the yield of soybean; however, research on the molecular mechanisms associated with soybean plant height is lacking. The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)/Cas9 (CRISPR-associated) system is a recently developed technology for gene editing that has been utilized to edit the genomes of crop plants. Results: Here, we designed four gRNAs to mutate four LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL ( LHY ) / CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 ( CCA1 )- LIKE ( LCL ) genes in soybean. In order to test whether the gRNAs could perform properly in transgenic soybean plants, we first tested the CRISPR construct in transgenic soybean hairy roots using Agrobacterium rhizogenesis strain K599. Once confirmed, we performed stable soybean transformation and obtained nineteen independent transgenic soybean plants. Subsequently, we obtained one T 1 transgene-free homozygous quadruple mutant of GmLCL by self-crossed. The phenotype of T 2 -generation transgene-free quadruple mutant plants were observed and the results showed that quadruple mutant of GmLCL displayed reduced plant height and shortened internodes. In addition, the relative expression levels of gibberellic acid (GA) metabolic pathway genes in the quadruple mutant of GmLCL were significantly decreased than wild type (WT). It suggests that GmLCLs encoding MYB transcription factor affect plant height through mediating the GA pathway in soybean. We also develop some genetic markers to identify mutant for assisting breeding studies. Conclusions: Our results indicate that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis of four GmLCL genes reduce soybean plant height and shorten internodes. These findings suggest that manipulation of four GmLCL genes may improve yield by altered plant height and internode length in soybean.
A causal model of public health administration, need for mental health care, and mental health status associated with mental health service utilization among Asian immigrant employees after ASEAN community’s policy
Authors: Kaewanuchit Chonticha , Sawangdee Yothin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background One important outcome national and international migration is the development of economies and societies worldwide. A rapid change amongst Asian immigrant employees who were working and settling down in Thailand, especially, Burmese, Lao, and Cambodian was that it lead to poor physical health and mental health. It lead into an incremental need for a system of public health administration because of the difficulties in accessing both the health service and beneficial health information after ASEAN community’s policy. The aim of this research was to analyze a causal model of public health administration, the need for mental health care, and mental health status associated with mental health service utilization among Asian immigrant employees after ASEAN community’s policy. Methods This study was conducted using a cross-sectional survey with 400 Asian immigrant employees. They were Burmese (200 cases), Lao (100 cases), and Cambodian (100 cases) in 2017. Measures included general characteristics, public health administration, the need for mental health care, and mental health status associated with mental health service utilization. A causal model for mental health service utilization among Asian immigrant employees were verified using path analysis. Result s Public health administration, the need for mental health care, and mental health status in each group all have a direct effect on mental health service utilization. Public health administration among Asian immigrants employees following the ASEAN community policy had the most direct effect on mental health service utilization with a standardized regression weight of 0.758 (p-value < 0.01). The ASEAN community policy; a mediator of this research, also had a direct effect on mental health service utilization. Conclusion This research demonstrates that Public health administration was an important factor related to mental health service utilization among Asian immigrants employees following the ASEAN community policy. It also recommends using qualitative methods for further research among Asian immigrant employees who are from developing countries. Key words: Public health administration; Need for mental health care; Mental health status; Asian immigrant employees; Mental health service utilization Trial Registration Number: The Thai Clinical Trials Registry code, Thailand was TCTR20170713001.
Human Adenovirus Coinfection Aggravates the Severity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children
Authors: Gao Jiaojiao , Xu Lili , Xu Baoping , Xie Zhengde , Shen Kunling 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae ( M. pneumoniae ) is an important pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. The coinfection rate of M. pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) can reach 52% in some areas, but the effects of coinfection with different pathogens have not been clearly recognized.Methods The cases of MPP hospitalized in Beijing Children's Hospital from 1/1/2014 to 12/31/2016 were screened. MPP patients coinfected with Human adenovirus (HAdV) were categorized into the research group. Patients with single M. pneumoniae infection were categorized into the control group, matching the research group by age and admission time with a ratio of 1:3. Clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, and disease severity were compared between these two groups.Results A total of 2,540 hospitalized MPP cases were screened in Beijing Children's Hospital, among which thirty cases were enrolled in the research group and ninety cases were enrolled in the control group. The results indicated that patients in the research group had longer hospital stays, longer fever durations and a higher rate of dyspnea, as well as a larger proportion applications of oxygen therapy and noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP). No obvious differences were found in lab examinations within the two groups. Regarding disease severity, the proportions of extremely severe pneumonia and severe disease defined by the clinical score system were higher in the research group than in the control group.Conclusion Compared with single M. pneumoniae infection, MPP coinfected with HAdV in children was relatively more serious.
Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi Curvularia aeria MTCC 12847 isolated from Tribulus terrestris L. leaf.
Authors: Sahani Kamana , Thakur Deependra , Hemalatha K.P.J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objective: The objective of the present study is to perform phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Tribulus terrestris L. leaf.
Background: Curvularia aeria MTCC 12847 was isolated from Tribulus terrestris L. leaf and was used for phytochemical analysis which revealed the presence of phenol, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids etc from different solvents extracts. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by nine separated methods: scavenging of free radical ABTS, DPPH, Hydrogen peroxide, Hydroxyl radical, Metal cheating, Nitric oxide, Superoxide radical, Reducing power and FRAP and the isolate Curvularia aeria MTCC 12847 showed good activity at low concentration.
Conclusion: Further work is needful to isolate the exact compound which is responsible for antioxidant activity and biophysical characterization will be done in the future.
Resveratrol inhibits the growth of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and the metabolomic analysis
Authors: Jia Ai-Qun , Luo Huai-Zhi , Guan Ying , Yang Rui , Qian Guo-Liang , Yang Xian-Hui , Wang Jun-Song 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ( Xoo ) can cause destructive bacterial leaf blight in rice. As an antibacterial, resveratrol may inhibit Xoo growth. This study focused on the potential structural-activity relationship of resveratrol and its derivatives against Xoo growth, and 1 H-NMR-based metabolomic analysis was applied to investigate the global metabolite changes in Xoo after resveratrol treatment.Results Resveratrol showed the strongest inhibitory effects on Xoo growth compared with its derivatives, which lacked double bonds (compounds 4 – 6 ) or hydroxyls were substituted with methoxyls (compounds 7 – 9 ). The IC 50 of resveratrol against Xoo growth was 11.67 ± 0.58 μg/mL. Results indicated that the double bond of resveratrol contributed to its inhibitory effects on Xoo growth, and hydroxyls were vital for this inhibition. Interestingly, resveratrol also significantly inhibited Xoo flagellum growth. Based on 1 H-NMR global metabolic analysis, a total of 30 Xoo metabolites were identified, the changes in the metabolic profile indicated that resveratrol could cause oxidative stress as well as disturb energy, purine, amino acid, and NAD + metabolism in Xoo , resulting in the observed inhibitory effects on growth.Conclusions This study showed that the double bond of resveratrol contributed to its inhibitory effects on Xoo growth, and hydroxyls were also the important active groups. Resveratrol could cause oxidative stress of Xoo cells, and disturb the metabolism of energy, purine, amino acid and NAD +, thus inhibit Xoo growth.
Professional support during the postpartum period: Primiparous women’s views on professional services, their expectations, and barriers to mobilizing professional help
Authors: Nan Yiping , Zhang Jingjun , Anum Nisar , Huo Lanting , Yang Lei , Yin Juan , Duolao Wang , Rahman Atif , Li Xiaomei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Mothers of young infants, especially primiparous women who lack experience and knowledge, are usually overwhelmed with a multitude of stressors and challenges. Although support from professionals is needed for new mothers, there is indeed a gap between the necessary high-quality service and the currently provided poor services. This study aimed to explore primiparous women’s views on professional services, identify barriers to mobilizing professional support, and further understand women’s expectations of and preferences for the delivery of professional services. Method: A descriptive phenomenological study design was utilized in this study, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 primiparous women who were selected from two community health centres and who had given birth within one year before the interview. Each conversation lasted between 20-86 minutes. Colaizzi’s seven-step phenomenological approach was used for data analysis. Results: Three major themes were identified: (a) dissatisfaction with current professional services for postpartum women, (b) barriers to mobilizing professional support, and (c) primiparous women’s expectations of professional support. Seven related subthemes included primiparous women’s disappointment with clinical services and their low confidence in services provided by communities, social health centres and online platforms; internal personal reasons and external socio-cultural factors that contributed to barriers in obtaining professional help; and primiparas’ new expectations of baby-care-related services, their personal needs for recovery, and their expectations of methods of services delivery. The necessity of professional support in the first month of confinement was emphasized by primiparas. Online methods were perceived by the majority of participants to be the best way to receive services. Conclusion: The results of this descriptive phenomenological study suggested that the professional services currently provided by medical facilities were insufficient and could not meet the requirements of primiparous women. The identified barriers should be analysed and overcome by enhancing education and eliminating stigma. The results also suggested that providing service focused on women’s requirements may be an effective strategy to enhance primiparous women’s well-being and suggested that women believed that the most acceptable and convenient methods should be considered during the delivery of interventions.
Genome-wide analysis of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors in papaya (Carica papaya L.)
Authors: Yang Min , Yang Hu , Kuang Ruibin , Zhou Chenping , Huang Bingxiong , Wei Yuerong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background : As a superfamily of transcription factors (TFs), the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins have been identified and functionally characterized in many plants. However, no comprehensive analysis of the bHLH family in papaya ( Carica papaya L. ) has been reported previously.
Results: In this study, a total of 73 CpbHLH genes were found in papaya, and these genes were classified into 18 subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis, with one orphans. Almost all of the CpbHLH in the same subfamily shared similar gene structures and protein motifs according to an analysis of exon/intron organizations and motif compositions. The number of exons in CpbHLH genes varied from 1 to 11 with an average of 5. The amino acid sequences of the bHLH domains were quite conservative, especially Leu-27 and Leu-63. Promoter cis -element analysis revealed that most of the CpbHLH genes contained cis -elements that can respond to various biotic/abiotic stress-related events. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that Cp bHLH mainly functions in protein dimerization activity and DNA-binding, and most Cp bHLH proteins were predicted to localize in the nucleus. Abiotic stress treatment and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed some predicted CpbHLH genes that might be responsible for abiotic stress responses in papaya.
Conclusions : A total of 73 bHLH transcription factors were identified from papaya, and their gene structures, conserved domains, sequence features, phylogenetic relationship, promoter cis -element, GO annotation and gene expression profiles responsible for abiotic stress were investigated. Our findings lay a foundation for further evolutionary and functional elucidation of Cp bHLHs.
Keywords : papaya, genome-wide analysis, bHLH transcription factors, abiotic stress
An assessment of Antimicrobial Activity of Three Endodontic Sealers on Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus by a Direct Contact Test: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Chakrabort Trishnika , Taneja Sonali 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
For a successful endodontic treatment antimicrobial property of endodontic filling is mandatory. Hence the aim of this in vitro study was to assess the antibacterial efficacy of three Endodontic Sealers on Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus by direct contact test (DCT). Materials and Methods The antimicrobial efficacy of three different sealers (Group 1= AH Plus, 2= MTA Fillapex and 3= Endo Sequence BC) were tested against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 by DCT. Freshly mixed sealers were placed in flat bottom test tubes incubated at 37°C. Thereafter 10 μL of suspension was drawn and spread over cultural plates in order to determine the colony count using digital colony counter. Readings were taken at 1 hr (fresh specimen), then at 24 hrs (after setting). The results were tabulated and statistical analysis was done using one way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test Results DCT showed a significant decrease in microbial count in AH Plus,MTA Fillapex and Endoseq BC at both the time intervals. Group 3 (Endosequence BC) showed minimum microbial count followed by Group 2 (MTA Fillapex) and maximum for Group 1(AH Plus) for both the time intervals (1 hour and 24 hours). Conclusion Endosequence BC showed maximum antimicrobial efficacy against all the tested microorganisms for both the time intervals, followed by MTA Fillapex and AH Plus.
IL-6 gene rs1800795 polymorphism and diabetes mellitus: a comprehensive analysis involving 39099 participants
Authors: Chunmin Zhang , Cheng Zhiying 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Over the past two decades, many studies concentrated the association between a common polymorphism ( rs1800795 ) from interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) risk have been published, however, the results remain ambiguous and indefinite.Methods In current, we performed a comprehensive analysis to explore above relationship. A search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Chinese (CNKI and Wanfang) databases, covering all papers published until Sep 20, 2019. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was applied to evaluate the strength of this association. Publication bias was assessed with both Begg and Egger’s tests.Results Overall, 26 case-control studies with 5973 T2DM patients and 13968 controls, and 11 case-control studies (10193 T1DM patients and 8965 health controls) were included for analysis in our study. Finally, significant decreased association was observed between the rs1800795 polymorphism and T2DM risk in overall sample, Asians and hospital-based subgroup (for example: C-allele vs. G-allele: OR = 0.65, 95%CI = 0.53-0.81, P < 0.05), however, increased associations were found from Mixed population and hospital-based subgroup between rs1800795 polymorphism and T1DM susceptibility (for example: CC vs. GG: OR = 2.45, 95%CI = 1.18-5.07, P = 0.016 for Mixed individuals).Conclusions In summary, there had a definite evidence to confirm that IL-6 rs1800795 polymorphism was associated with susceptibility of decreased T2DM and increased T1DM.
Learning Outcomes of a Flipped Classroom Teaching Approach in an Adult-health Nursing Course: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Fan Jun-Yu , Tseng Ying-Jung , Chao Li-Fen , Chen Shiah-Lian , Jane Sui-Whi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background New teaching strategies must be developed not only to enhance nurse’s competence but also to allow nurses to respond to the complex health care needs of today’s society. The purpose of this study was to explore the learning outcomes of a flipped classroom teaching approach in an adult-health nursing course for students in a two-year Bachelor of Science in Nursing program.Methods The study was a quasi-experimental design. An 18-week flipped classroom teaching approach was applied in an adult-health nursing course. In total, 485 nursing students enrolled in the study, with 287 assigned to an experimental group and 198 to a control group. The Self-Evaluated Core Competencies Scale, Metacognitive Inventory for Nursing Students, Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale, and self-designed learning satisfaction questionnaire were used to evaluate the students’ learning outcomes.Results The experimental group did show that there were statistically significant increases in overall scores for self-evaluated core competencies, the “self-modification” subscale of the Metacognitive Inventory for Nursing Students, and in overall self-directed learning readiness; further, they also showed high levels of course satisfaction.Conclusions A flipped classroom teaching approach had a positive impact on student’s learning motivation and contributed to better learning outcomes in an adult-health nursing course. The flipped classroom combined with hybrid teaching methods is a suitable and effective learning strategy for an RN-to-BSN program for today’s complex revolution in nursing curricula, and may enhance nursing students’ abilities to address numerous challenges.