bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No-Go Decay mRNA cleavage in the ribosome exit tunnel produces 5′-OH ends phosphorylated by Trl1
Authors: Navickas Albertas , Chamois Sébastien , Saint-Fort Rénette , Henri Julien , Torchet Claire , Benard Lionel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe No-Go Decay (NGD) mRNA surveillance pathway degrades mRNAs containing stacks of stalled ribosomes. Although an endoribonuclease has been proposed to initiate cleavages upstream of the stall sequence, the production of two RNA fragments resulting from a unique cleavage has never been demonstrated. Here we use mRNAs expressing a 3′-ribozyme to produce truncated transcripts in vivo to mimic naturally occurring truncated mRNAs known to trigger NGD. This technique allows us to analyse endonucleolytic cleavage events at single-nucleotide resolution starting at the third collided ribosome, which we show to be Hel2-dependent. These cleavages map precisely in the mRNA exit tunnel of the ribosome, 8 nucleotides upstream of the first P-site residue and release 5′-hydroxylated RNA fragments requiring 5′-phosphorylation prior to digestion by the exoribonuclease Xrn1, or alternatively by Dxo1. Finally, we identify the RNA kinase Trl1, alias Rlg1, as an essential player in the degradation of NGD RNAs.
IgA subclasses have different effector functions associated with distinct glycosylation profiles
Authors: Steffen Ulrike , Koeleman Carolien A. , Sokolova Maria V. , Bang Holger , Kleyer Arnd , Rech Jürgen , Unterweger Harald , Schicht Martin , Garreis Fabian , Hahn Jonas , Andes Fabian T. , Hartmann Fabian , Hahn Madelaine , Mahajan Aparna , Paulsen Friedrich , Hoffmann Markus , Lochnit Günter , Muñoz Luis E. , Wuhrer Manfred , Falck David , Herrmann Martin , Schett Georg 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMonomeric serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) can contribute to the development of various autoimmune diseases, but the regulation of serum IgA effector functions is not well defined. Here, we show that the two IgA subclasses (IgA1 and IgA2) differ in their effect on immune cells due to distinct binding and signaling properties. Whereas IgA2 acts pro-inflammatory on neutrophils and macrophages, IgA1 does not have pronounced effects. Moreover, IgA1 and IgA2 have different glycosylation profiles, with IgA1 possessing more sialic acid than IgA2. Removal of sialic acid increases the pro-inflammatory capacity of IgA1, making it comparable to IgA2. Of note, disease-specific autoantibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis display a shift toward the pro-inflammatory IgA2 subclass, which is associated with higher disease activity. Taken together, these data demonstrate that IgA effector functions depend on subclass and glycosylation, and that disturbances in subclass balance are associated with autoimmune disease.
A database of multi-channel intramuscular electromyogram signals during isometric hand muscles contractions
Authors: Malesevic Nebojsa , Björkman Anders , Andersson Gert S. , Matran-Fernandez Ana , Citi Luca , Cipriani Christian , Antfolk Christian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHand movement is controlled by a large number of muscles acting on multiple joints in the hand and forearm. In a forearm amputee the control of a hand prosthesis is traditionally depending on electromyography from the remaining forearm muscles. Technical improvements have made it possible to safely and routinely implant electrodes inside the muscles and record high-quality signals from individual muscles. In this study, we present a database of intramuscular EMG signals recorded with fine-wire electrodes alongside recordings of hand forces in an isometric setup and with the addition of spike-sorted metadata. Six forearm muscles were recorded from twelve able-bodied subjects and nine forearm muscles from two subjects. The fully automated recording protocol, based on command cues, comprised a variety of hand movements, including some requiring slowly increasing/decreasing force. The recorded data can be used to develop and test algorithms for control of a prosthetic hand. Assessment of the signals was done in both quantitative and qualitative manners.
Evaluating sequence data quality from the Swift Accel-Amplicon CFTR Panel
Authors: Leung Marco L. , Watson Deborah J. , Vaccaro Courtney N. , Mafra Fernanda , Wenocur Adam , Wang Tiancheng , Hakonarson Hakon , Santani Avni 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common genetic diseases worldwide with high carrier frequencies across different ethnicities. Next generation sequencing of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene has proven to be an effective screening tool to determine carrier status with high detection rates. Here, we evaluate the performance of the Swift Biosciences Accel-Amplicon CFTR Capture Panel using CFTR-positive DNA samples. This assay is a one-day protocol that allows for one-tube reaction of 87 amplicons that span all coding regions, 5′ and 3′UTR, as well as four intronic regions. In this study, we provide the FASTQ, BAM, and VCF files on seven unique CFTR-positive samples and one normal control sample (14 samples processed including repeated samples). This method generated sequencing data with high coverage and near 100% on-target reads. We found that coverage depth was correlated with the GC content of each exon. This dataset is instrumental for clinical laboratories that are evaluating this technology as part of their carrier screening program.
Sevoflurane Pre-conditioning Ameliorates Diabetic Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Via Differential Regulation of p38 and ERK
Authors: Xie Dina , Zhao Jianli , Guo Rui , Jiao Liyuan , Zhang Yanqing , Lau Wayne Bond , Lopez Bernard , Christopher Theodore , Gao Erhe , Cao Jimin , Ma Xinliang , Wang Yajing 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) significantly increases myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. During DM, cardioprotection induced by conventional pre-conditioning (PreCon) is decreased due to impaired AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. The current study investigated whether PreCon with inhaled anesthetic sevoflurane (SF-PreCon) remains cardioprotective during DM, and identified the involved mechanisms. Normal diet (ND) and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced DM mice were randomized into control and SF-PreCon (3 cycles of 15-minute period exposures to 2% sevoflurane) groups before MI/R. SF-PreCon markedly reduced MI/R injury in DM mice, as evidenced by improved cardiac function (increased LVEF and ±Dp/dt), decreased infarct size, and decreased apoptosis. To determine the relevant role of AMPK, the effect of SF-PreCon was determined in cardiac-specific AMPKα2 dominant negative expressing mice (AMPK-DN). SF-PreCon decreased MI/R injury in AMPK-DN mice. To explore the molecular mechanisms responsible for SF-PreCon mediated cardioprotection in DM mice, cell survival molecules were screened. Interestingly, in ND mice, SF-PreCon significantly reduced MI/R-induced activation of p38, a pro-death MAPK, without altering ERK and JNK. In DM and AMPK-DN mice, the inhibitory effect of SF-PreCon upon p38 activation was significantly blunted. However, SF-PreCon significantly increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, a pro-survival MAPK in DM and AMPK-DN mice. We demonstrate that SF-PreCon protects the heart via AMPK-dependent inhibition of pro-death MAPK in ND mice. However, SF-PreCon exerts cardioprotective action via AMPK-independent activation of a pro-survival MAPK member in DM mice. SF-PreCon may be beneficial compared to conventional PreCon in diabetes or clinical scenarios in which AMPK signaling is impaired.
3D domain swapping of azurin fromAlcaligenes xylosoxidans
Authors: Cahyono Robby Noor , Yamanaka Masaru , Nagao Satoshi , Shibata Naoki , Higuchi Yoshiki , Hirota Shun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProtein oligomers have gained interest, owing to their increased knowledge in cells and promising utilization for future materials. Various proteins have been shown to 3D domain swap, but there has been no domain swapping report on a blue copper protein. Here, we found that azurin from Alcaligenes xylosoxidans oligomerizes by the procedure of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol addition to Cu(i)-azurin at pH 5.0, lyophilization, and dissolution at pH 7.0, whereas it slightly oligomerizes when using Cu(ii)-azurin. The amount of high order oligomers increased with the addition of Cu(ii) ions to the dissolution process of a similar procedure for apoazurin, indicating that Cu(ii) ions enhance azurin oligomerization. The ratio of the absorbance at 460 nm to that at ∼620 nm of the azurin dimer (Abs460/Abs618 = 0.113) was higher than that of the monomer (Abs460/Abs622 = 0.067) and the EPR A‖ value of the dimer (5.85 mT) was slightly smaller than that of the monomer (5.95 mT), indicating a slightly more rhombic copper coordination for the dimer. The redox potential of the azurin dimer was 342 ± 5 mV vs. NHE, which was 50 mV higher than that of the monomer. According to X-ray crystal analysis, the azurin dimer exhibited a domain-swapped structure, where the N-terminal region containing three β-strands was exchanged between protomers. The copper coordination structure was tetrahedrally distorted in the azurin dimer, similar to that in the monomer; however, the Cu–O(Gly45) bond length was longer for the dimer (monomer, 2.46–2.59 Å; dimer, 2.98–3.25 Å). These results open the door for designing oligomers of blue copper proteins by domain swapping.
Language and Reading Outcomes in Fourth-Grade Children With Mild Hearing Loss Compared to Age-Matched Hearing Peers
Authors: Walker Elizabeth A. , Sapp Caitlin , Dallapiazza Margaret , Spratford Meredith , McCreery Ryan W. , Oleson Jacob J. 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThere is ambiguity in the clinical and research communities regarding whether children with mild bilateral hearing loss (MBHL) are at risk for delays. The goal of the current article is to expand the evidence base surrounding outcomes for the current generation of children with MBHL.MethodUsing independent-samplesttests, we compared children with MBHL to same-age peers with normal hearing (NH) on measures of vocabulary, morphological awareness, listening comprehension, and reading. We completed regression analyses to explore the foundational linguistic skills that influenced reading abilities in both groups. For the children with MBHL, we examined whether hearing aid (HA) dosage was associated with individual differences in language scores.ResultsGroup comparisons indicated that children with NH significantly outperformed children with MBHL on tests of morphological awareness and listening comprehension. There were no differences in vocabulary size or reading achievement; however, children with MBHL displayed significant differences in the factors that accounted for variability in reading scores compared to children with NH. HA dosage was significantly associated with variation in listening comprehension scores, but not vocabulary, reading, or morphological awareness.ConclusionsThe current results provide evidence that children with MBHL are at risk for persistent language deficits by 4th grade, particularly in aspects of language that involve form. Reading skills in children with MBHL appear to be commensurate with same-age hearing peers. Consistent use of well-fit HAs supports listening comprehension, although the amount of benefit from HAs may be reduced for children with higher unaided hearing levels.
Audiological Considerations for Managing Mild Bilateral or Unilateral Hearing Loss in Infants and Young Children
Authors: Bagatto Marlene 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
This clinical focus article describes considerations for recommending assistive hearing technology to infants and young children who have mild bilateral or unilateral hearing loss. These conditions present special challenges compared to bilateral permanent hearing losses that are moderate to profound in their degree in that the recommendation to proceed with technology is not as clear.

Conclusion
Current clinical practice guidelines and protocols for pediatric hearing aid fitting recommend managing these conditions on a case-by-case basis. Descriptions of key considerations for recommending assistive hearing technology for infants and young children with mild bilateral hearing loss or unilateral hearing loss are offered herein.
Active frequency selective surface with tunable and switchable properties based on loaded split ring slots
Authors: Esparza‐Aguilar T.E. , Rodriguez‐Cuevas J. , Martynyuk A.E. , Martinez‐Lopez J.I. 
Published: January 2020

An active frequency selective surface (AFSS) with reconfigurable tunable and switchable properties is studied in this Letter. The AFSS unit cell consists of a split ring slot resonator loaded with a varactor diode. The proper biasing of the varactor diode enables diverse functional modes. The proposed AFSS with a single control device in each unit cell demonstrates transmitting and reflecting properties in two operating bands. Additionally, in one of the bands, the tuning of the resonant frequency is achieved in a transmission window. A unit cell active diaphragm at X‐band has been designed and fabricated to characterise the AFSS based on the waveguide simulator. The measured results, using the waveguide simulator approach, show either a transmitting tunable or reflecting response in the lower band with resonant frequencies from 9.002 to 9.354 GHz and a transmitting or reflecting response in the upper band at the centre frequency of 11.87 GHz.
Collimation of diverged beam using a cylindrical lens in a silicon‐based end‐fire optical phased array
Authors: Yoon H. , Kim Y. , Shim J.‐S. , Park H.‐H. 
Published: January 2020

The authors demonstrate the collimation of a vertically diverged beam emitted from a silicon‐based end‐fire optical phased array (OPA) using an aspheric cylindrical lens. A micro‐cylindrical lens with a numerical aperture of 0.8 was placed near the focal length in front of an 1 × 16 end‐fire OPA with a half‐wavelength (775 nm) radiator array pitch for a 1550 nm wavelength. The lens provided a great collimation effect, reducing the vertical divergence angle from 95.6° to 6.7° during horizontal beam steering over ±30°. The horizontal divergence angle showed some expansion, from 7.6° to 10°, due to the angle‐dependant curvature of the lens and the distance to the lens surface.
Extending the variability selection of active galactic nuclei in the W-CDF-S and SERVS/SWIRE region
Authors: Poulain M. , Paolillo M. , De Cicco D. , Brandt W. N. , Bauer F. E. , Falocco S. , Vagnetti F. , Grado A. , Ragosta F. , Botticella M. T. , Cappellaro E. , Pignata G. , Vaccari M. , Schipani P. , Covone G. , Longo G. , Napolitano N. R. 
Published: January 2020

Context. Variability has proven to be a powerful tool to detect active galactic nuclei (AGN) in multi-epoch surveys. The new-generation facilities expected to become operational in the next few years will mark a new era in time-domain astronomy and their wide-field multi-epoch campaigns will favor extensive variability studies.
Aims. We present our analysis of AGN variability in the second half of the VST survey of the Wide Chandra Deep Field South, performed in the r band and covering a 2 sq. deg area. The analysis complements a previous work, in which the first half of the area was investigated. We provide a reliable catalog of variable AGN candidates, which will be critical targets in future variability studies.
Methods. We selected a sample of optically variable sources and made use of infrared data from the Spitzer mission to validate their nature by means of color-based diagnostics.
Results. We obtain a sample of 782 AGN candidates among which 12 are classified as supernovae, 54 as stars, and 232 as AGN. We estimate a contamination ≲20% and a completeness ∼38% with respect to mid-infrared selected samples.
Comparative effectiveness of pharmacologic and endoscopic interventions for prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Njei Basile , McCarty Thomas R. , Muniraj Thiruvengadam , Sharma Prabin , Jamidar Priya A. , Aslanian Harry R. , Varadarajulu Shyam , Navaneethan Udayakumar 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims While several interventions may decrease risk of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis, it remains unclear whether one strategy is superior to others. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of pharmacologic and endoscopic interventions to prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis among high-risk patients.
Methods A systematic review was performed to identify randomized controlled trials from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane database through May 2017. Interventions included: rectal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aggressive hydration with lactated ringerʼs (LR) solution, and pancreatic stent placement compared to placebo. Only studies with patients at high-risk for post-ERCP pancreatitis were included. Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed and relative ranking of treatments was assessed using surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) probabilities.
Results We identified 29 trials, comprising 7,862 participants comparing four preventive strategies. On network meta-analysis, compared with placebo, rectal NSAIDs (B = – 0.69, 95 % CI [–1.18; – 0.21]), pancreatic stent (B = – 1.25, 95 % CI [–1.81 to –0.69]), LR (B = – 0.67, 95 % CI [–1.20 to –0.13]), and combination of LR plus rectal NSAIDs (B = – 1.58; 95 % CI [–3.0 to –0.17]), were all associated with a reduced risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis. Pancreatic stent placement had the highest SUCRA probability (0.81, 95 % CI [0.83 to 0.80]) of being ranked the best prophylactic treatment.
Conclusions Based on this network meta-analysis, pancreatic stent placement appears to be the most effective preventive strategy for post-ERCP pancreatitis in high-risk patients.
Complete closure versus simple closure for perforations during colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Kinoshita Satoshi , Nishizawa Toshihiro , Fujimoto Ai , Mori Hideki , Hirai Yuichiro , Nakazato Yoshihiro , Kikuchi Masahiro , Uraoka Toshio 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims The efficacy of complete closure versus simple closure for perforations during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has never been evaluated. We evaluated the efficacy of complete closure and simple closure for perforations and muscular layer injuries incurred during ESD.
Patients and methods Thirty-four consecutive patients who underwent “complete closure” or “simple closure” for correction of perforations and muscular layer injuries during colorectal ESD were enrolled in this study. Complete closure was performed by the mucosa-submucosa clip closure method using only conventional endo-clips. For simple closure, endo-clips are placed just for perforation or muscular layer injury, while leaving any mucosal defects open.
Results Among the 15 patients in the complete closure group, eight developed perforations and seven developed muscular layer injuries. Among the 19 patients in the simple closure group, six developed perforations and 13 developed muscular layer injuries during the ESD procedure. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in inflammatory reactions, adverse events, or length of the hospital stay.
Conclusion Complete closure and simple closure for perforations and muscular layer injuries during ESD seem to have similar efficacy. While simple closure for a perforation during ESD seems sufficient, further study will be required to confirm our results.
Delir in der Alterstraumatologie
Authors: Becker Clemens , Bühl Kerstin 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Alterstraumatologie gewinnt einen immer höheren Stellenwert in den unfallchirurgischen Abteilungen. Ohne diese Fallgruppen ist eine Abteilung auf Dauer wirtschaftlich nicht überlebensfähig. Entsprechend bedeutsam ist die angemessene Versorgung der älteren Patienten. Neben der hochwertigen unfallchirurgischen Behandlung gewinnt die geriatrische-internistische Behandlung eine größere Bedeutung. Die Prävention und Behandlung häufiger Komplikationen sollte rasch, zielgerichtet und evidenzbasiert erfolgen. Zu den häufigsten alterstraumatologischen Komplikationen gehört das Delir. Hierzu gibt es eine wachsende Anzahl an hochwertigen Publikationen. Delir gilt als teilweise verhinder- und therapierbar. Der Artikel fasst die Datenlage zusammen und gibt praktische Hinweise für den klinischen Alltag.
Lumen-apposing metal stents versus biliary fully-covered metal stents for EUS-guided drainage of pancreatic fluid collections: a case control study
Authors: Garcia Garcia de Paredes Ana , Gonzalez Martin Juan Angel , Foruny Olcina Jose Ramon , Juzgado Lucas Diego , Gonzalez Panizo Fernando , Lopez Duran Sergio , Martinez Sanchez Alba , Sanjuanbenito Alfonso , Caminoa Alejandra , Albillos Agustin , Vazquez-Sequeiros Enrique 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage has become first-line treatment for pancreatic fluid collections (PFC). The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of biliary fully-covered self-expandable metal stents (BFCSEMS) and lumen-apposing metal stents with electrocautery (EC-LAMS).
Patients and methods From April 2008 to March 2017, consecutive patients with symptomatic PFC drained under EUS-guidance with metal stents were included. Patients drained with EC-LAMS were considered the study group and those drained with BFCSEMS the control group. Two primary endpoints were evaluated: effectiveness (defined as reduction of ≥ 50 % of PFC size in cross-sectional imaging and improvement of symptoms 6 months after the transmural drainage) and safety.
Results Thirty patients were drained with EC-LAMS and 60 patients with BFCSEMS. Patients and PFC baseline characteristics in both groups were similar. Use of a coaxial double pigtail plastic stent and a nasocystic lavage catheter was significantly less frequent in patients drained with EC-LAMS (33 % vs. 100 %, and 13 % vs. 58 %, respectively; P < 0.0001). Technical success was 100 % in both groups. Procedure time was < 30 minutes in all patients drained with EC-LAMS and over 30 minutes in all patients drained with BFCSEMS (P = 0.0001). Clinical success was higher with a tendency to significance in patients drained with EC-LAMS (96 % vs. 82 %, P = 0.055) and the adverse event rate was lower (4 % vs. 18 %, P = 0.04). No case of procedure-related mortality was recorded.
Conclusions EC-LAMS and BFCSEMS are both effective for EUS-guided drainage of PFC. However, EC-LAMS requires less time to be performed and appears to be safer.