bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Czym jest neomediewalizm ?
Authors: Mach Michał 
Published: May 2020

What Is Neomedievalism?
The article has a purpose to present the theory of neomedievalism. This theory has been developed in order to explain changes in today’s world by using analogy to the social system that existed in the pre-nation state era. The main focus of the theory of neomedievalism is the system of multiple, self constructed loyalties that can work simultaneously without one being superior to others. Neomedievalism focuses on the idea that the era of post-Westphalian nationstates is over and it has been replaced by a more globalized system that is based on multiple loyalties. This article presents the basic ideas and indicators of the existence of neomedievalism. The indicators of neomedievalism are presentedmostly on the example of African continent after the end of the colonial times.
El Derecho Internacional como fuente del Derecho Constitucional
Authors: Monroy Cabra Marco Gerardo 
Published: May 2020

El presente trabajo trata de demostrar que el Derecho Internacional ha llegado a constituirse en fuente del Derecho Constitucional. Para este efecto, se analizan las relaciones entre el Derecho Internacional y el Derecho interno haciendo un breve resumen de las teorías dualista y monista y la jurisprudencia internacional. Luego se indaga la recepción del Derecho Internacional consuetudinario y Derecho Internacional convencional en los ordenamientos internos, lo cual se estudia a la luz del Derecho comparado, concluyendo que se incorporan de distinta manera de acuerdo con la Constitución respectiva. A continuación se analiza la jerarquía del Derecho Internacional consuetudinario y convencional respecto a las normas nacionales, para lo cual se hace un bosquejo del Derecho Constitucional comparado. Luego se estudia la recepción, jerarquía y normatividad constitucional del Derecho Internacional en derecho colombiano. Por último, se deducen conclusiones del análisis jurídico realizado. Las dos conclusiones principales son estas: la primera, que la recepción y jerarquía del Derecho Internacional (consuetudinario o convencional) respecto del Derecho doméstico o Nacional se resuelve de acuerdo con lo previsto en la Constitución de cada Estado. La segunda, que un Estado no puede alegar disposiciones de su Constitución para negarse a cumplir un tratado, pues si lo incumple incurre en responsabilidad internacional.
Do You Mind Me Paying Less? Measuring Other-Regarding Preferences in the Market for Taxis
Authors: Grosskopf Brit , Pearce Graeme 
Published: May 2020

We present a natural field experiment designed to measure other-regarding preferences in the market for taxis. We employed testers of varying ethnicity to take a number of predetermined taxi journeys. In each case, we endowed them with only 80% of the expected fare. Testers revealed the amount they could afford to pay to the driver midjourney and asked for a portion of the journey for free. In a 2 × 2 between-subjects design, we vary the length of the journey and whether a business card is elicited. We find that (1) the majority of drivers give at least part of the journey for free, (2) giving is proportional to the length of the journey, and (3) 27% of drivers complete the journey. Evidence of outgroup negativity against black testers is also reported. In order to link our empirical analysis to behavioral theory, we estimate the parameters of a number of utility functions. The data and the structural analysis lend support to the quantitative predictions of experiments that measure other-regarding preferences, and they shed further light on how discrimination can manifest itself within our preferences. This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics.
Globalização e transnormatividade: os benefícios dos documentos internacionais em prol das cidades
Authors: Schonardie Elenise Felzke , Foguesatto Ana Maria 
Published: May 2020

O artigo propõe a análise do processo de globalização e seus impactos no ambiente urbano, sob o viés da transnormatividade, com base no Protocolo Adicional à Convenção Americana sobre Direitos Humanos – Pacto de San Salvador e, ONU Habitat III e a Agenda 2030. O foco da apreciação centra-se no direito que toda pessoa tem de viver em meio ambiente sadio e a contar com os serviços públicos básicos nos termos do artigo 11 do Pacto e, sua combinação com os Objetivos para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável – ODS da Agenda 2030, em especial, o objetivo nº 11 que visa tornar as cidades e os assentamentos humanos inclusivos, seguros, resilientes e sustentáveis. O método de abordagem utilizado foi o hipotético-dedutivo, por meio do procedimento bibliográfico, com coleta de dados indiretos e interpretação sociológica. Trabalha-se as noções da cidade na sociedade globalizada e a funcionalidade transnormativa em prol da concretização das cidades como espaços inclusivos, seguros, resilientes e sustentáveis. Conclui-se que os efeitos negativos do processo da globalização econômica são, entre outros, o aumento das desigualdades sociais, da pobreza e da mercantilização dos espaços urbanos. Desse modo, remata-se por afirmar a importância dos documentos internacionais de direitos humanos para a melhoria das condições de vida nos centros urbanos.
A participação dos vendedores ambulantes de carne verde na deposição do governo Accioly (Fortaleza no início do século XX)
Authors: De Andrade Mariana Dionísio , Lima Martônio Mont’Alverne Barreto , Correia Daniel Camurça 
Published: May 2020

Busca-se com este artigo entender de que maneira os trabalhadores informais pobres, principalmente vendedores de carne verde (fresca), contribuíram no movimento político que resultou na queda do governo Accioly, nas primeiras metades do século XX, na capital cearense. Com a perseguição contra a realização do trabalho informal, o número de revoltosos aumentava na cidade, até que, finalmente, dentro de uma composição coletiva, a multidão veio às ruas e exigiram a mudança de governo. O artigo possui uma abordagem teórica com base em revisão de literatura, especialmente a partir dos estudos de Rodolpho Theophilo e Raimundo Girão.
A culpa é do Euzébio de Queiroz?
Authors: Sousa Maria Sueli Rodrigues de , Silva Maria Jeanete Fortes 
Published: May 2020

O presente trabalho analisa o feito de Euzébio de Queiroz na Lei de Terras e as formas como as instituições de justiça tratam as pessoas oriundas da exclusão produzida pela referida lei, para tematizar e demonstrar que essa questão tem reflexos sobre outra não tão debatida: a não interpelação do referido sujeito-alvo como pertencente ao pacto de nação. Noutras palavras: o sujeito negro tende a não ser tratado com a consideração que um autor da constituição merece. A pergunta orientadora é: como enfrentar o despertencimento constitucional de pessoas empobrecidas e negras no âmbito do sistema de justiça criminal? Com a indicação de denunciar as violações, na perspectiva de construir outro entendimento de nação. O texto foi produzido como revisão de literatura por meio de categorias analíticas orientadoras da produção do itinerário discursivo. O resultado foi um diagnóstico da atuação do sistema criminal, cuja discussão mirou a estrutura que serve a invisibilizar os direitos fundamentais no sistema criminalizador, indicando modos de enfrentamentos com a força de construírem outros entendimentos de comunidade política, constitucionalismo e pacto de nação que sirvam, por sua vez, a promover o sentido de que todos os nacionais são iguais pertencentes e assim interpelados devem ser.
Centrifugation may eliminate false-positive leucocyte esterase strip test results caused by inflammatory arthritis in the diagnosis of knee infection
Authors: Li Rui , Wang Chi , Ji Xiao-Jian , Zheng Qing-Yuan , Li Xiang , Ni Ming , Zhang Guo-Qiang , Chen Ji-Ying 
Published: May 2020

Aims The purpose of this study was to validate our hypothesis that centrifugation may eliminate false-positive leucocyte esterase (LE) strip test results caused by autoimmune diseases in the diagnosis of knee infection. Methods Between January 2016 and May 2019, 83 cases, including 33 cases of septic arthritis and 50 cases of aseptic arthritis, were enrolled in this study. To further validate our hypothesis, another 34 cases of inflammatory arthritis from the Department of Rheumatology of our institution were also included. After aspiration, one drop of synovial fluid was applied to LE strips before and after centrifugation. The results were recorded after approximately three minutes according to the different colour grades on the colour chart. The differences of LE results between each cohort were analyzed. Results Before centrifugation, 46% (23/50) of the LE strip tests in the aseptic arthritis group were false-positives. Most of the false-positive results were due to inflammatory arthritis; after centrifugation, 78.3% (18/23) of the tests yielded negative results. Similar results were observed in cases from the Department of Rheumatology. The sensitivity of the centrifuged LE strip test was 0.818 (0.639 to 0.924), which is still an acceptable level compared with the uncentrifuged results, which yielded a sensitivity of 0.909 (0.745 to 0.976). However, the specificity was increased from 0.540 (0.395 to 0.679) to 0.900 (0.774 to 0.963) after centrifugation. Conclusion Although inflammatory arthritis can yield a false-positive LE strip test result in the diagnosis of knee infection, centrifugation may eliminate these false-positive results. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res. 2020;9(5):236–241.
Oncological outcomes in patients undergoing major glossectomy for advanced carcinoma of the oral tongue
Authors: Katna R , Bhosale B , Sharma R , Singh S , Deshpande A , Kalyani N 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionMajor glossectomy is the treatment of choice in locally advanced tongue cancer. It remains the only option in the presence of recurrent or residual disease. The long-term outcomes for patients undergoing major glossectomy have traditionally been poor, with significant morbidity and poor oncological outcomes. The aim of this study was to report on oncological outcomes in patients undergoing major glossectomy.MethodsAll patients undergoing major glossectomy between 2014 and 2018 were included in the study. The data of 85 patients with advanced carcinoma of the oral tongue were evaluated. All were under the care of a single surgical and reconstructive team at two hospitals in Mumbai.ResultsThe median patient age was 45 years. At the most recent follow-up, 55 patients (65%) were alive, 47 of whom were disease free. Twenty-nine patients (34%) had locoregional recurrence and twenty-five (29%) had distant metastasis. At a median follow-up of 19 months, rates for 2-year locoregional control, disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 69%, 61% and 62% respectively. Perinodal extension demonstrated a trend towards poor DFS (p=0.060), as did perineural invasion (p=0.055). Node positivity was a significant factor for poor OS, DFS and locoregional control. Multiple node involvement was significantly associated with poor OS on multivariate analysis (p=0.002).ConclusionsNode positivity and multiple node involvement were associated with poor outcomes. Major glossectomy may be offered as a curative option for selected patients with advanced carcinoma of the oral tongue with node negative or limited neck nodal disease (N1).
Miejsce parków naukowo-technologicznych w innowacyjnym środowisku regionalnym
Authors: Marszałek Anna 
Published: May 2020

Parki naukowo-technologiczne (PNT) odgrywają coraz większą rolę w gospodarce opartej na wiedzy i przyczyniają się do zachodzenia istotnych przemian w środowisku innowacyjnym. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie miejsca, jakie zajmują w innowacyjnym środowisku regionalnym. Autorka rozpoczyna rozważania od przedstawienia krótkiej charakterystyki PNT, by kolejno przejść do opisu modeli ich funkcjonowania. Szczególne miejsce w artykule poświęcono analizie firm zorientowanych na tworzenie nowych technologii, które są lokalizowane w PNT. Autorka stara się wskazać, jak ich stale wzrastające znaczenie przyczynia się do zwiększenia dynamiki rozwojowej środowiska innowacyjnego. Jedną z konsekwencji tego działania jest poprawa efektywności lokalnej ekonomii, na której powinno zależeć wszystkim funkcjonującym na danym obszarze interesariuszom.
Rozwój gospodarczy najmniejszych miast w województwie zachodniopomorskim
Authors: Cudo Mateusz 
Published: May 2020

Artykuł ma na celu określenie poziomu rozwoju gospodarczego najmniejszych miast w województwie zachodniopomorskim na podstawie zmian wybranych wskaźników w czasie. Dotyczy tych ośrodków, których liczba ludności w badanym okresie – między rokiem 2002 a 2016 – wynosiła poniżej 2 tys. osób. Zawarte w pracy dane statystyczne pochodzą z Banku Danych Lokalnych GUS oraz materiałów urzędowych poszczególnych ośrodków. W badaniach wykorzystano wskaźnik syntetyczny jako sumę standaryzowanych wskaźników cząstkowych, metodę analizy podobieństwa według procedury Mc Quitty’ego oraz metodę analizy skupień Warda. Otrzymane rezultaty wskazują, że mimo dokonanych inwestycji i inicjatyw oddolnych o rozwoju gospodarczym można mówić jedynie w przypadku Tuczna i Morynia, dla których wartość wskaźnika syntetycznego znacząco wzrosła. Tuczno wyróżnia dobrze rozwinięty rynek pracy i wysoki udział średnich przedsiębiorstw w strukturze gospodarki, co świadczy o jego odrębności i większym podobieństwie do małych miast powiatowych. Pozostałe ośrodki cechują się znacznym stopniem podobieństwa – mają ograniczone zasoby lokalne, a ich funkcja w głównej mierze sprowadza się do zapewnienia dostępu do podstawowych usług publicznych w ramach infrastruktury administracyjnej i społecznej. Dominuje w nich drobna działalność gospodarcza z zakresu handlu czy budownictwa, a w Suchaniu i Ińsku także przetwórstwa. W ostatnim czasie w najbardziej niekorzystnej sytuacji gospodarczej znalazły się Nowe Warpno oraz Cedynia, które wymagają interwencji z zewnątrz, aby wytworzyć mechanizmy nowej ścieżki rozwoju.
Сytokine markers for different variants of sclerotic lichen in women
Authors: Kolesnikova E. V. , Zharov A. V. , Kharitonova I. A. , Mizina Yu. S. , Fedak S. V. 
Published: May 2020

Our work was aimed for studying the role of systemic of IL-23 and IL-20 levels in different clinical variants of sclerotic lichen in women. The study was based on results of clinical data (anamnesis, examination, palpation, vulvoscopy) and immunological studies (determination of IL-20 and IL-23 cytokines in peripheral blood) in the patients with sclerotic lichen (114 patients aged 42.5±15.1 years). Group I included patients with atrophic variant of sclerotic lichen (n = 58); group II, with sclerotic variant of sclerotic lichen (n = 34). Group III included women with a sclero-atrophic variant of this disorder (n = 22). The control group consisted of conditionally healthy women without present, or previously documented vulvar pathology (30 persons). Criteria for inclusion were as follows: women 20 to 60 years old, the presence of a benign vulvar disease, absence of treatment with immunotropic drugs over past year. Exclusion criteria: presence of viral infection (HPV, HSV), detection of STI, presence of acute inflammatory process (including vulvitis and vaginitis), cancer diagnosis, symptoms of autoimmune disorders, pregnancy, and the patient’s reluctance to participate in the study.Predominant increase of IL-23 was revealed in all clinical groups of the examined patients, the most pronounced increase (2.7 times) was in severe sclerotic lichen (p < 0.0001). IL-23 concentration in the 2nd clinical group corresponded to the reference age-matched values. There was a significant increase in the blood content of IL-20 in subgroup 2.2 of the patients with sclerotic lichen (p < 0.0001), as well as in patients from group 3 with a mixed clinical course of its disorder (p < 0.0001). Meanwhile, the absence of pronounced vulvar tissue sclerosis in sclerotic variant of sclerotic lichen (subgroup 2.1) was accompanied only by a tendency for increased IL-20 concentration (p = 0.502), and only a trend for decrease in atrophic variant of sclerotic lichen (p = 0.288). In general, analysis of these data presumes a significant role of IL-20 and IL-23 in pathogenesis of sclerotic lichen in women. The cytokine assays in various clinical variants of this vulvar disorder may provide additional differential diagnostics (IL-20), and to assess severity of atrophic and sclerotic changes in vulvar tissues (IL-23) in women with sclerotic lichen.
Autonomous Mobile Robot based on BehaviourBased Robotic using V-REP Simulator–Pioneer P3-DX Robot
Authors: Apriaskar Esa , Fahmizal Fahmizal , Cahyani Ika , Mayub Afrizal 
Published: May 2020

This article describes the design and implementation of behavior-based robotic (BBR) algorithm on a wheeled mobile robot (WMR) Pioneer P3-DX in a maze exploration mission using V-REP simulator. This robot must trace and search for targets placed randomly on a labyrinth. After successfully meeting the objective, robot runs back to home position using the nearest path. Robot navigation system applies BBR algorithm to reach the target using behavior modules which work simultaneously to obtain the desired robot’s trajectory. The most fundamental behavior which is highly affordable to build on the robot system is a wall-following behavior. To make the robot could follow the wall in a safe, smooth and responsive condition, proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is applied. PID controller runs by utilizing the reading of sixteen proximity sensors carried on Pioneer P3-DX robot toward the expected wall distance while the robot is exploring the labyrinth. To ensure the designed system works properly, several tests were conducted, including BBR test and PID controller test. BBR test shows that the system can choose the shortest track when returning to home position. The PID controller test produces robot movement with maximum deviation and settling time for about 0.013 m and 30 seconds, respectively.
FACTORS DETERMINING SATISFACTION WITH THE STUDIES OF THE STUDENTS OF SCHOOLS OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Indrasiene Valdone , Merfeldaite Odeta , Railiene Asta , Jegeleviciene Violeta , Zemaitaityte Irena 
Published: May 2020

In the modern world conditioned by scientific–technical progress and globalisation it is becoming tricky for schools of higher education to respond to continuously changing needs of the labour market, to secure the expectations of the students towards the selected sought education and its realisation in certain situations of activities. Satisfaction of students with the studies and employment of graduates becomes one of the key criteria of the quality of studies which influences the academic activity of universities. The study introduces the factors which determine the satisfaction of the final years students with their studies. Quantitative research was selected – a representative survey was performed. The study population consisted of the students of the Lithuanian higher schools (universities and colleges) (n=459). It has been established that the key factors in the selection of study programs (demand of the study program on the labour market, the self–set career goals, clear potentials for professional career and links between the personal needs and the program) demonstrates the ability of students to plan and make decisions regarding their careers. When selecting a study program, the factors orientated towards assessment of personal achievements and own attitudes towards the profession (the selected graduation exams and their results, the prestige of the profession and the leisure time likings) are not less important. The key factors of satisfaction with the selected study program relate to the fact that the study program contributes to personal development, to better employment and career prospective. Students are satisfied with the selected study program because of favourable educational study environment, of a possibility to gain practical skills and of the applicable system of assessment.
DIAGNOSIS OF THE LEVEL OF FORMATION OF CONSCIOUS PARENTHOOD OF STUDENT YOUTH AS A CONDITION FOR THE PREVENTION OF SOCIAL ORPHANHOOD
Authors: Kalchenko Larysa , Ostrovska Nataliya , Kuzmenko Galyna 
Published: May 2020

The article reveals the problem of the dependence of social phenomena – conscious parenthood and social orphanhood. The aim of the article is to present the results of experimental research in diagnosis of the level of creation of conscious parenting of student youth as a condition of prevention of social orphanhood in the territorial community of the city. The characteristic of the main components of the process of the formation of conscious parenthood of student youth is given, the essence of the phenomenon of social orphanhood is revealed. The main methods of this study are: methods of theoretical knowledge - analysis, synthesis, systematization, classification, generalization, focus groups, ranking method, survey methods - questioning, testing, socio-pedagogical experiment, monitoring, methods of mathematical statistics (Pearson's criterion χ2, Fisher criterion *F-test, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient). The results of the ascertaining and control stages of the experimental study on the diagnosis of the level of formation of the conscious parenthood of student youth in institutions of higher education in the cities of Lviv, Kyiv and Khmelnytsky (Ukraine) are presented.Diagnostic results of the ascertaining stage of the experiment has shown that the majority of modern Ukrainian students has a low level of knowledge and skills about conscious parenthood and they are practically not aware of the possibilities of the subjects of the territorial community of the city towards forming the youth conscious parenthood and preventing of the social orphanhood. At the formative stage of the experiment the strategy of involving and activating young students into the process of forming conscious parenthood through development and realization of social and pedagogical technology, aimed to popularization of the idea of conscious parenting among youth, is determined as a condition for precluding the Kalchenko et al., 2020.Диагностика уровня сформированности осознанного родительства студенческой молодёжи как условие превенции социального сиротства 288 phenomenon of social orphanhood, abandonment and homelessness of children. The results of the control phase of the experiment have confirmed the effectiveness of the developed and tested social-pedagogical technology and have shown a positive dynamics of changes in the level of formation of the conscious parenthood of students of the higher education institutions experimental groups for all indicators of cognitive and value-based behavioural criteria.