bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To do or not to do – A survey study on factors associated with participating in the Danish Screening Program for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Nielsen Jesper Bo , Berg-Beckhoff Gabriela , Leppin Anja 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundScreening programs for colorectal cancer (CRC) exist in many countries, and with varying participation rates. The present study aimed at identifying socio-demographic factors for accepting a cost-free screening offer for CRC, and to study if more people would accept the screening offer if the present fecal test was replaced by a blood test. MethodsWe used a cross-sectional survey design based on a representative group of 6,807 Danish citizens aged 50-80 years returning a fully answered web-based questionnaire with socio-demographic data added from national registries. Data were analyzed in STATA and based on bivariate analyses followed by regression models. ResultsDanes in general have a high level of lifetime participation (+80%) in the national CRC screening program. The results of the stepwise logistic regression model to predict CRC screening participation demonstrated that female gender, age, income, and moderate alcohol intake was positively associated with screening participation, whereas a negative association was observed for educational attainment, obesity, smoking status, and willingness to take health risks. Of the 1026 respondents not accepting the screening offer, 61% were willing to reconsider their initial negative response if the fecal sampling procedure were replaced by blood sampling.ConclusionThe CRC screening program intents to include the entire population within a certain at-risk age group. However, individual factors (e.g. gender, age obesity, smoking, risk aversity) appear to significantly affect willingness to participate in the screening program. From a preventive perspective, our findings indicate the need for a more targeted approach trying to reach these groups.
GNG5 is a novel oncogene associated with poor prognosis in glioma patients
Authors: Zhang Wang , Liu Binchao , Jiang Miaomiao , Yan Shi , Han Xian , Shen Hong , Na Meng , Jiang Zhenfeng , Lin Zhiguo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Although many biomarkers have been reported for detecting glioma, the prognosis for the disease remains poor, and therefore, new biomarkers need to be identified. GNG5, which is part of the G-protein family, has been associated with different malignant tumors, though the role of GNG5 in glioma has not been studied. Therefore, we aimed to identify the relationship between GNG5 expression and glioma prognosis and to identify a new biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.Methods: We used datasets from databases including TCGA and GEO, and results from GEPIA, RT-qPCR, and HPA to determine the expression of GNG5 in glioma. Based on datasets obtained from the CGGA database, we identified the correlation between GNG5 expression and multiple molecular and clinical features as well as clinical prognosis using a variety of analytical methods. Co-expression analysis and GSEA were performed to detect GNG5-related genes in gliomas and possible signaling pathways involved. ESTIMATE, ssGSEA, and TIMER were used to detect the relationship between GNG5 and the immune microenvironment.Results: A total of 1826 glioma related datasets were used in our study, including sequencing data, microarray data, and RT-qPCR data. We found that GNG5 is highly expressed in gliomas, and its expression level is positively correlated with pathological grade, histological type, age, and tumor recurrence and negatively correlated with isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation, 1p/19 co-deletion, and chemotherapy. Moreover, GNG5 as an independent risk factor was negatively correlated with the overall survival time. GSEA analysis revealed the potential signaling pathways involved in GNG5 function in gliomas, such as ECM-receptor interaction and the toll-like receptor signaling pathway. The ssGSEA, ESTIMATE, and TIMER based analysis indicated a correlation between GNG5 expression and various immune cells in glioma, such as B cell, macrophage, and dendritic cells.Conclusions: Based on the large data platform and the use of different databases to corroborate results obtained using various datasets, our study reveals for the first time that GNG5, as an oncogene, is overexpressed in gliomas and can lead to poor prognosis of patients. Thus, GNG5 is a potential novel biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.
WITHDRAWN: Ribosomal Protein S27-Like is overexpressed in glioma cells and inhibition of RPS27L expression suspends the tumorigenesis
Authors: Sun Zhongzheng , Xue Hao , Wei Yan , Wang Shaobo , Xu Jianye , Qian Mingyu , Wang Chaochao , Zhao Rongrong , Wang Chengwei , Li Gang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Ribosomal Protein S27-Like is an evolutionarily conserved ribosomal protein and the role of RPS27L influencing the malignance of several cancers has been reported. However, its effects on glioma were still unknown. This investigation aims to characterize the clinical significance and the biological functions of RPS27L in gliomas.Methods: TCGA databases were explored to analyze the correlation between RPS27L expression and the clinical characteristics of glioma patients. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on glioma cases and normal brain tissues. The function of RPS27L in glioma was further explored using U87MG and A172 cell lines and a orthotopic xenograft model of nude mice.Results: Data obtained from TCGA database showed higher expression of RPS27L in glioma than normal, and the overall survival was lower in the high expression group. Immunohistochemistry showed the expression levels of RPS27L were increased with the tumor grade rising in gliomas. Functional assays showed knockdown of RPS27L inhibited proliferation, cell cycle transition, migration and invasion, while promoted apoptosis. Data of western blot indicated that knockdown of RPS27L increased the level of p21，Bax and Cleaved Caspase-3 while decreased the level of CDK4, cyclinD1, cyclinE1, Bcl-2 and MMP2, MMP9 in glioma cells. In vivo, the growth of orthotopic glioma xenografts was suppressed by expression of RPS27L shRNA, and the tumors with RPS27L shRNA showed less aggressiveness and reduced expression of Ki67, Bcl-2 and MMP2. Conclusions: RPS27L is overexpressed in glioma cells. Knockdown of RPS27L could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion while promote apoptosis of glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. RPS27L might be a potential prognostic biomarker and possible target for future therapy in glioma.
‘Treat to Target’ in Mild to Moderate Ulcerative Colitis: Evidence to Support this Strategy
Authors: Dal Buono Arianna , Roda Giulia , Argollo Marjorie , Paridaens Kristine , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent , Danese Silvio 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The management of chronic conditions, above all rheumatic disease and diabetes has adopted a
"treat to target" strategy where treatment aims to achieve objective outcomes; this has emerged as applicable in ulcerative
colitis (UC) as well. Targets are demonstrated to prevent end-organ disfunction, specifically bowel damage and its complications, lastly colorectal cancer. Recently, the scientific community has tried to define further targets beyond those currently
recommended, namely mucosal healing and clinical remission. Studies that prospectively investigated this approach in UC
are scanty and a treat-to-target (T2T) algorithm is not routinely inserted in daily clinical practice.

Objective:
We aim to review current evidence on T2T in UC and to discuss its adoption in routine clinical practice as well
as in clinical trials.

Methods:
A PubMed search was conducted in February 2020 to identify published papers investigating
targets’ achievement rates in UC.

Results:
Different targets can be achieved through approved drugs for mild to moderate UC; histological remission is
emerging as a robust target with respect to long-term outcomes.

Conclusion:
Further studies to compare a T2T strategy to the traditional care are needed, particularly in the mild to moderate spectrum of disease.
A Critical Review of Second-Generation Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibodies in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Sur Daniel , Havasi Andrei , Gorzo Alecsandra , Burz Claudia 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have become a relevant solution
for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Current anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies
face a series of problems, including resistance and non-durable response, and RAS and BRAF
mutations serve as exclusion criteria for treatment with anti-EGFR mAbs. Advances in molecular tumor
profiling and information on subsequent pathways responsible for disease progression and drug
resistance helped develop a new generation of anti-EGFR mAbs. These second-generation mAbs have
been developed to overcome existing resistance mechanisms and to limit common side effects. For the
moment, existing literature suggests that these novel anti-EGFR mAbs are far from finding their way
to clinical practice soon.

Objective:
: In this review, we summarize and evaluate current data regarding ongoing research and
completed clinical trials for different second-generation anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies.

Conclusion:
Anti-EGFR mAbs exhibit efficacy in advanced colorectal cancer, but second-generation
mAbs failed to prove their benefit in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Understanding the
biological basis of primary and acquired drug resistance could allow scientists to design better clinical
trials and develop improved second-generation mAbs.
Hypericin Ameliorates Maternal Separation-Induced Cognitive Deficits and Hippocampal Inflammation in Rats
Authors: Jolodar Sedigheh Khanjani , Bigdeli Mohammadreza , Moghaddam Akbar Hajizadeh 
Published: July 2020

Background and Objective:
Maternal separation as an epigenetic agent provokes a severe
change in the brain, such as inflammation response, which is a key risk factor for the progression of
autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This study evaluated the preventive effect of hypericin on maternal
separation-induced cognitive deficits and hippocampal inflammation.

Methods:
Here, we reported that pups are subjected to maternal separations for 1 h per day from postnatal
days (PND) 1-9 displayed apparent memory impairment in young rats (postnatal day 34) compared
to controls group. Furthermore, maternal separation significantly increased inflammation factors
in the hippocampus area. Anti-inflammation constituent shed light on treating ASD.

Results:
In this study, we found that treatment with hypericin (10 and 50 mg/kg) significantly suppresses
expression of hippocampal interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the maternal
separation rat model. Also, we found that hypericin prevented the decrease of hippocampal dopamine
levels in the offspring of maternal separation rats.

Conclusion:
The data indicated that hypericin may play a neuroprotective role in hippocampal cell and
ameliorates dysfunctions in memory and level of inflammation factor in this autism model. Thus,
hypericin could be used as an intervention for treating ASD.
Melatonin and its Relationships with Diabetes and Obesity: A Literature Review
Authors: Ramirez Ana V.G. , Filho Durval R. , de Sá Larissa B.P. Cunha 
Published: July 2020

Significance:
Obesity is a multifactorial disease with many risks to public health, affecting 39.6% of American
adults and 18.5% of young people. Brazil ranks fifth in the world ranking, with about 18 million obese people. It is
estimated that 415 million people live with diabetes in the world, which is roughly 1 in 11 of the world's adult population.
This is expected to rise to 642 million people living with diabetes worldwide by 2040. In this scenario, Melatonin has
evidenced an important function in the regulation of energy metabolism.

Objective:
to carry out a broad narrative review of the literature on the main aspects of the influence of melatonin on
Diabetes Mellitus and obesity.

Methods:
Article reviews, systematic reviews, prospective studies, retrospective studies, randomized, double-blind,
placebo-controlled trials in humans recently published were selected and analyzed. A total of 368 articles were collated
and submitted to the eligibility analysis. Subsequently, 215 studies were selected to compose the textual part of the
manuscript and 153 to compose the Narrative Review.

Results and final considerations:
Studies suggest a possible role of melatonin in metabolic diseases such as obesity,
T2DM and metabolic syndrome. Intervention studies using this hormone in metabolic diseases are still unclear regarding a
possible benefit of it. There is so far no consensus about a possible role of melatonin as an adjuvant in the treatment of
metabolic diseases. More studies are necessary to define possible risks and benefits of melatonin as a therapeutic agent.
Impact of Buprenorphine on Learning and Memory Ability, Oxidative Status and Inflammation in the Hippocampus of Rats
Authors: Samini Mohammad , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Azimi-Nezhad Mohsen , Samarghandian Saeed 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Buprenorphine (BUP), a “synthetic derivative of the opioid alkaloid thebaine”,
may be associated with cellular damage in the central nervous system.

Aims:
This study was designed to investigate the effects of low and high doses of BUP on oxidative
and inflammatory indices in the hippocampus and learning and memory behavior in an animal
model.

Objective:
The association between BUP administration and oxidative and inflammatory damage
and also learning and memory impairment is not clear.

Methods:
For this reason, twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into one control
and two BUP-treated groups (0.3 and 1 mg/kg, SC), (n=8, for each group). After 4 weeks, learning
and memory abilities were assessed by using Y-maze test. Then, oxidative stress indices including
glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase
(GPx) and catalase (CAT) were assessed in the serum and hippocampus of each animal by using
spectrophotometer. Inflammatory parameters such as tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-
6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were also measured in the serum and hippocampus of rats
by using ELISA.

Results:
The present findings indicated that the memory and learning time was lengthened in BUP
(1mg/kg)-treated rats versus control animals (p<0.05). Additionally, it was observed that BUP (1
mg/kg) significantly increased the serum and hippocampal levels of MDA and TNF-α and also decreased
GSH levels versus the control group (p< 0.05).

Conclusion:
The results of the present study revealed that BUP may cause learning and memory
dysfunction by inducing oxidative stress and inflammation in the hippocampus.
Diagnostic Value of the Early Heart-to-Mediastinum Count Ratio in Cardiac 123I-mIBG Imaging for Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Frantellizzi Viviana , Lavelli Valentina , Ferrari Cristina , Sardaro Angela , Farcomeni Alessio , Pacilio Massimiliano , Borrazzo Cristian , Pani Roberto , Rubini Giuseppe , Vincentis Giuseppe De 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is of primary importance. The
delayed (3-4 h after injection) Iodine-123-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-mIBG) scintigraphy has
been proven to be effective in early differential diagnosis for Lewy body disease. But early imaging
(15-30 min after injection) has only been marginally studied for its possible diagnostic role. In
this prospective study, a threshold for the early Heart-to-Mediastinum (H/M) count ratio has been
investigated, obtaining a diagnostic accuracy analogous to conventional, delayed imaging.

Methods:
One hundred and eight patients with suspected Parkinson's disease (PD) were acquired
after 15 and 240 minutes from the injection of 150-185 MBq of 123I-mIBG. The early and late
H/M (He/Me and Hl/Ml) were evaluated by drawing Region-of-Interests on the heart and the upper
half of the mediastinum. Optimal threshold (Youden index) and overall predictive performance
were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve, classifying tentatively patients having
an Hl/Ml lower than 1.6 as suffering from PD.

Results:
He/Me was not significantly different from Hl/Ml (p-value=0.835). The Area-under-curve
was 0.935 (95%CI: 0.845-1.000). The He/Me optimal threshold was 1.66, with sensitivity, specificity,
and diagnostic accuracy of 95.5%, 85.7 and 90.7% respectively.

Conclusions:
The He/Me Ratio is almost as accurate as the widely used delayed 123I-mIBG imaging,
reducing the burden of delayed imaging but preserving the diagnostic accuracy of the method.
Moreover the differential diagnosis in Parkinson's disease can be made in just 25 minutes against
the 4 hours currently needed, lowering costs of the healthcare system and improving patients compliance.
Suicide Attempts and Adolescents: The Need for Specialized Resources at Adult Trauma Centers
Authors: Soelling Stefanie , Koganti Deepika , Padilla Ivan , Goodman Michael , Prakash Priya , Smith Randi 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Suicide is the second leading cause of adolescent death and suicide
attempts outnumber deaths 50:1 for adolescents 15 to 19 years of age. This study examines
differences in outcomes between adolescents and adults treated at an adult trauma center in
an effort to guide recovery and prevention strategies following an adolescent suicide attempt.

Methods:
Retrospective review of patients aged ≥14 years treated at an urban, Level 1
trauma center for self-inflicted injuries between 2009 and 2018 was performed. The cohort
was divided into adolescents (14-19 years) and adults (≥20 years) and into group A (economically
distressed) and group B (non-distressed). Demographics, injury, outcomes, and
geospatial analysis were compared.

Results:
Among 723 patients, 60 (8%) were adolescents of which 92% were male, 55%
black, 47% blunt injuries, and 53% penetrating. In adults, 76% were male, 41% black, 28%
blunt injuries, and 72% penetrating. Mortality estimates for adolescents and adults were 35%
and 24%, respectively (p=0.09). Most adolescent deaths occurred within 3 days after admission,
while adult deaths occurred further into hospitalization (p<0.01). Cox regression analysis
found higher mortality with self-pay compared to private insurance (HR 2.6; p<0.001),
and penetrating vs. blunt/other injuries (HR 2.4; p<0.001). Psychiatric care was administered
in 64% of adolescents (n=39) and 84% of adults (p< 0.01).

Conclusions:
Inpatient psychiatric care for adolescents who attempted suicide was limited at
an adult trauma center. The high incidence of suicide attempts and community-level distress
in adolescents require immediate attention and resources.
Evaluating Network Readiness for mHealth Interventions Using the Beacon Mobile Phone App: Application Development and Validation Study
Authors: Scherr Thomas Foster , Moore Carson Paige , Thuma Philip , Wright David Wilson 
Published: July 2020

Background
Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have the potential to transform the global health care landscape. The processing power of mobile devices continues to increase, and growth of mobile phone use has been observed worldwide. Uncertainty remains among key stakeholders and decision makers as to whether global health interventions can successfully tap into this trend. However, when correctly implemented, mHealth can reduce geographic, financial, and social barriers to quality health care.

Objective
The aim of this study was to design and test Beacon, a mobile phone–based tool for evaluating mHealth readiness in global health interventions. Here, we present the results of an application validation study designed to understand the mobile network landscape in and around Macha, Zambia, in 2019.

Methods
Beacon was developed as an automated mobile phone app that continually collects spatiotemporal data and measures indicators of network performance. Beacon was used in and around Macha, Zambia, in 2019. Results were collected, even in the absence of network connectivity, and asynchronously uploaded to a database for further analysis.

Results
Beacon was used to evaluate three mobile phone networks around Macha. Carriers A and B completed 6820/7034 (97.0%) and 6701/7034 (95.3%) downloads and 1349/1608 (83.9%) and 1431/1608 (89.0%) uploads, respectively, while Carrier C completed only 62/1373 (4.5%) file downloads and 0/1373 (0.0%) file uploads. File downloads generally occurred within 4 to 12 seconds, and their maximum download speeds occurred between 2 AM and 5 AM. A decrease in network performance, demonstrated by increases in upload and download durations, was observed beginning at 5 PM and continued throughout the evening.

Conclusions
Beacon was able to compare the performance of different cellular networks, show times of day when cellular networks experience heavy loads and slow down, and identify geographic “dead zones” with limited or no cellular service. Beacon is a ready-to-use tool that could be used by organizations that are considering implementing mHealth interventions in low- and middle-income countries but are questioning the feasibility of the interventions, including infrastructure and cost. It could also be used by organizations that are looking to optimize the delivery of an existing mHealth intervention with improved logistics management.
High-Quality Transmission of Cardiotocogram and Fetal Information Using a 5G System: Pilot Experiment
Authors: Naruse Katsuhiko , Yamashita Tomoya , Onishi Yukari , Niitaka Yuhi , Uchida Fumikage , Kawahata Kazuya , Ishihara Mayu , Kobayashi Hiroshi 
Published: July 2020

Background
A cardiotocogram (CTG) is a device used to perceive the status of a fetus in utero in real time. There are a few reports of its use at home or during emergency transport.

Objective
The aim of this study was to test whether CTG and other perinatal information can be transmitted accurately using an experimental station with a 5G transmission system.

Methods
In the research institute, real-time fetal heart rate waveform data from the CTG device, high-definition video ultrasound images of the fetus, and high-definition video taken with a video camera on a single line were transmitted by 5G radio waves from the transmitting station to the receiving station.

Results
All data were proven to be transmitted with a minimum delay of less than 1 second. The CTG waveform image quality was not inferior, and there was no interruption in transmission. Images of the transmitted ultrasound examination and video movie were fine and smooth.

Conclusions
CTG and other information about the fetuses and pregnant women were successfully transmitted by a 5G system. This finding will lead to prompt and accurate medical treatment and improve the prognosis of newborns.