bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal Timing of Feeding After Endoscopic Hemostasis in Patients With Peptic Ulcer Bleeding: A Randomized, Noninferiority Trial (CRIS KCT0001019)
Authors: Gong Eun Jeong , Lee Sang Jin , Jun Baek Gyu , Seo Hyun Il , Park Jong Kyu , Han Koon Hee , Kim Young Don , Jeong Woo Jin , Cheon Gab Jin , Park Seo Young 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVES:
The optimal duration of fasting after endoscopic hemostasis in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding has not yet been determined. We investigated the appropriate timing of feeding after endoscopic hemostasis in patients with high-risk peptic ulcer bleeding.

METHODS:
This study was a randomized, single center, noninferiority trial. Between February 2014 and March 2019, consecutive patients with peptic ulcer bleeding were randomized to resume feeding either 24 or 48 hours after successful endoscopic hemostasis. A total of 209 eligible patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis and 200 in the per-protocol (PP) analysis. The primary outcome measure was recurrent bleeding within 7 days of hemostasis. Noninferiority testing was performed in the PP population, and the noninferiority margin was set at 10%. Secondary outcomes included 30-day rebleeding and mortality, transfusion requirements, and length of hospital stay.

RESULTS:
Recurrent bleeding rates at 7 days were 7.9% in the 24-hour group and 4.0% in the 48-hour group in the PP analysis; tests for noninferiority did not reach statistical significance (difference: 3.9%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −2.7 to 10.5, P value for noninferiority = 0.034). The recurrent bleeding rates within 30 days were 10.9% and 4.0% in the 24- and 48-hour groups (difference: 6.9%, 95% CI: −0.5 to 14.2), and the 30-day mortality rates were 5.9% and 14.1%, respectively (difference: −8.2%, 95% CI: −16.5 to 0.1) in the PP analysis. The transfusion requirement and the length of hospital stay were similar between the 2 groups.

DISCUSSION:
Early refeeding at 24 hours after endoscopic hemostasis is not noninferior to later refeeding at 48 hours for rebleeding in patients with high-risk peptic ulcer bleeding. Our results do not allow a recommendation of refeeding at 24 hours, rather than later refeeding in this population.
“She is Transforming:” Inuit Artworks Reflect a Cultural Response to Arctic Sea Ice and Climate Change
Authors: Rathwell Kaitlyn J. 
Published: March 2020

Seven Inuit artists reflect their lived experience of disappearing sea ice and climate change in their artworks. Living in Pangnirtung and Cape Dorset, Nunavut, for five months in 2013 and one month in 2015 enabled me to build relationships with artists and to initiate collaborations for this project. I examine how the artworks and artists use symbolism, metaphor, and other aesthetic devices to convey messages about their lived experience of sea ice and climate change. Stories told by artists about their artworks emphasize the importance of adaptation and interconnectedness and embrace themes about transformation and renewal. The insights provided by the artists participating in this research are crucial in the context of bridging knowledge systems to enhance our understanding of and potential responses to environmental change. Connecting with the intangible aspects of knowledge systems, such as emotional response, values, and identity, is an ongoing challenge; yet, accounting for these aspects of knowledge is a critical component of salient and legitimate environmental governance. Artists and their artworks can illuminate the less tangible aspects of knowledge about change and hence have an important role to play at the interface of diverse knowledge systems.
Счастье и субъективное благополучие: к конструированию понятийного поля
Authors: Леонтьев Дмитрий Алексеевич 
Published: March 2020

Статья содержит аналитический обзор пересекающихся конструктов, описывающих максимально позитивные переживания или высшее благо: счастье, субъективное благополучие, психологическое благополучие, качество жизни, гедония, эвдемония. Подробно рассмотрены дискуссионные вопросы соотношения этих конструктов и их операционализации в эмпирических исследованиях. В качестве основания для разведения близких конструктов предложено качество мотивации, то есть уровневая и содержательная характеристика тех потребностей, об удовлетворении которых сигнализируют положительные эмоции; показано, что наряду с общим параметром переживания близости фактического и желаемого, адекватно описываемым понятием субъективного благополучия, важно учитывать индивидуальную специфичность и уровневую характеристику самих потребностей, описываемую, в частности, в различении дефицитарной и бытийной мотивации (А. Маслоу). На этой основе предложена авторская двухуровневая модель счастья, различающая дефицитарное счастье, характеризующее меру удовлетворенности универсальных базовых потребностей, обусловленную материальными и другими ресурсами, и бытийное — или самодетерминированное — счастье за пределами простого благополучия, характеризующее успешность в реализации индивидуального экзистенциального проекта, или осмысленных жизненных целей. Намечена также авторская многомерная модель «эвдемонии 3D», учитывающая дополнительные критерии позитивности, помимо эмоционального баланса, а именно успешность и осмысленность.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в ходе/в результате проведения исследования/работы в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики» (НИУ ВШЭ) и с использованием средств субсидии в рамках государственной поддержки ведущих университетов Российской Федерации «5-100».
Light verb variations and varieties of Mandarin Chinese: Comparable corpus driven approaches to grammatical variations
Authors: Xu Hongzhi , Jiang Menghan , Lin Jingxia , Huang Chu-Ren 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article presents a classification and clustering based study to account for the differences among five Chinese light verbs (congshi, gao, jiayi, jinxing, and zuo) as well as their variations in Mainland China Mandarin (ML) and Taiwan Mandarin (TW). Based on 13 linguistic features, both competition and co-development of these light verbs are studied in terms of their distinct and shared collocates. The proposed method discovers significant new grammatical differences in addition to confirming previously reported ones. Most significant discoveries include selectional restrictions differentiating deverbal nominals and event nouns, and degrees of transitivity of VO compounds. We also find that most variations between Mainland China Mandarin and Taiwan Mandarin are in fact differences in tendencies or preferences in contexts of usage of shared grammatical rules.
Process Optimization for the Production of Ferric Sulfate Coagulant by the Oxidation of Ferrous sulfate with Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Barbosa Mazza Veronica , Teixeira Luiz Alberto Cesar , Fonseca de Aguiar Martins Ana Rosa , Ferreira dos Santos Brunno 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMotivated by the oxidative power of hydrogen peroxide and its environmentally attractive properties, the present study aimed to determine the optimum conditions for the production of ferric sulfate coagulant from ferrous sulfate The independent variables studied were the temperature (7.5–27.5 °C), amount of hydrogen peroxide (100–300 %) of the stoichiometric amount for the oxidation reaction, and dilution of the reaction medium using water (100–300 %) of the stoichiometric amount for the oxidation reaction. For the optimum conditions achieved, it was possible to obtain a conversion of 96.17 % of Fe+2to Fe+3, using a small hydrogen peroxide excess of 50 %, resulting in a product suitable for use as a coagulant in water treatment. It was found that an oxidation potential (Eh) greater than 0.7 volts corresponded to the conversion of Fe+2to Fe+3greater than 90 %, indicating Eh to be useful for reaction control in an industrial process.
Degree bounds for modular covariants
Authors: Elmer Jonathan , Sezer Müfit 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Let

V
,
W

{V,W}

be representations of a cyclic group G of prime order p over a field

𝕜

{\Bbbk}

of characteristic p. The module of covariants

𝕜
⁢

[
V
,
W
]

G

{\Bbbk[V,W]^{G}}

is the set of G-equivariant polynomial maps

V
→
W

{V\rightarrow W}

, and is a module over

𝕜
⁢

[
V
]

G

{\Bbbk[V]^{G}}

. We give a formula for the Noether bound

β
⁢

(

𝕜
⁢

[
V
,
W
]

G

,

𝕜
⁢

[
V
]

G

)

{\beta(\Bbbk[V,W]^{G},\Bbbk[V]^{G})}

, i.e. the minimal degree d such that

𝕜
⁢

[
V
,
W
]

G

{\Bbbk[V,W]^{G}}

is generated over

𝕜
⁢

[
V
]

G

{\Bbbk[V]^{G}}

by elements of degree at most d.
An in situ Raman spectroscopic method for quantification of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in waterlogged archaeological wood
Authors: Henrik-Klemens Åke , Abrahamsson Katarina , Björdal Charlotte , Walsh Alexandra 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe weakened microstructure of archaeological wood (AW) objects from waterlogged environments necessitates consolidation to avoid anisotropic shrinkage upon drying. Polymer impregnation through submergence or spraying treatments is commonly applied, and for larger and thicker objects, the impregnation period can stretch over decades. Thus, for efficient treatment, continuous monitoring of the impregnation status is required. Today, such monitoring is often destructive and expensive, requiring segments for extraction and chromatographic quantification. This study proposes an in situ Raman spectroscopic method for quantification of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in waterlogged AW. A calibration model was built on standards of PEG, cellulose powder, and milled wood lignin using orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS). The OPLS model had a strong linear relationship, and the PEG content in wood of varying degrees of degradation could be determined. However, the accuracy of the model was low with a root mean square error of prediction of 11 wt%. The low accuracy was traced to the heterogeneity in the calibration and validation set samples with regard to the small probing volume of the confocal instrumental setup.
A New Inclined Pullout Device for Laboratory Tests on Geosynthetics
Authors: Bhowmik Riya , Shahu J. T. , Datta Manoj 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Geosynthetics are widely used in landfill cover systems for various purposes. The stability of these geosynthetics on slopes of landfill covers depends on the effectiveness of the anchors in which these are embedded at the top of the slope. These geosynthetics are subjected to pullout forces that are in an inclined direction. However, only two studies have been reported so far on the inclined pullout behavior of geosynthetics embedded in various types of anchors. In this study, a new inclined pullout device is developed to conduct pullout tests under different angles of inclinations. The salient features and details of various components of this device are presented in this article. Because geogrids are the preferred choice for veneer reinforcement, inclined pullout tests are conducted on geogrids embedded in three different types of anchor, namely, run-out, I-type, and L-type anchors. The tests are conducted on two different types of sands, i.e., quarry sand and river sand. The results show that the peak pullout force increases significantly as the inclination of the pullout force increases for all three types of anchor and for both the sands. Moreover, the complete pullout force-displacement response is found to be different for the three anchors. Practical implications of the outcome of the study are given.
Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Mg5Sn-xZn Alloys Produced through New Method in Powder Metallurgy
Authors: Ercetin Ali , Özgün Özgür , Aslantas Kubilay 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this study, the effect of zinc addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium five-tin (Mg5Sn) alloys was investigated. The powder metallurgy (P/M) method was used for the production of Mg5Sn-xZn (x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 weight percent) alloy after magnesium powders were coated with paraffin. The paraffin coating method was used for the first time in this study in order to prevent the contact of magnesium with oxygen. The experimental results showed that coating magnesium powders with paraffin prevents contact with oxygen. Therefore, Mg5Sn-xZn alloys were produced by P/M technique successfully. The intermetallic phases in the hot-pressed Mg5Sn-xZn alloys were magnesium-two-tin (Mg2Sn) and magnesium-zinc (MgZn) phases. These phases were uniformly distributed at the grain boundaries. Mechanical properties increased with increasing zinc ratios because of the grain refiner effect of zinc. It is concluded that the MgZn phase was obtained only from the Mg5Sn5Zn alloy, which has the highest mechanical properties.
Hippocampal CA2 Organizes CA1 Slow and Fast γ Oscillations during Novel Social and Object Interaction
Authors: Brown Logan Y. , Alexander Georgia M. , Cushman Jesse , Dudek Serena M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA key goal in hippocampal research is to understand how neuronal activity is generated and organized across hippocampal subregions to enable memory formation and retrieval. Neuronal activity in CA2 is regulated by spatial and social investigation as well as by novelty (Mankin et al., 2015; Alexander et al., 2016), and CA2 activity controls population oscillatory activity in the slow γ and ripple ranges within hippocampus (Kay et al., 2016; Oliva et al., 2016; Boehringer et al., 2017; Alexander et al., 2018). CA2 neurons are also required for social recognition memory (Stevenson and Caldwell, 2012; Hitti and Siegelbaum, 2014; Smith et al., 2016). Because CA1 exhibits layer-specific organization (Scheffer-Teixeira et al., 2012; Lasztóczi and Klausberger, 2014, 2016) reflective of its inputs (Fernández-Ruiz et al., 2012; Schomburg et al., 2014), and because CA2 activity controls CA1 slow γ (Alexander et al., 2018), we hypothesized that silencing CA2 would affect CA1 slow γ in a layer-specific manner during investigation of a novel social stimulus. While recording from CA1, we leveraged molecular tools to selectively target and inhibit CA2 pyramidal cells using inhibitory DREADDs while subject mice investigated novel animals or objects. We found that CA2 inhibition reduced slow γ power during investigation of a novel animal and fast γ power during both novel object and animal investigation in a manner reflective of the CA2 axonal projection zones within CA1. Our results suggest that CA2 contributes to CA1 slow and fast γ oscillations in a stimulus-specific manner.
The Application of Traditional Rules of Purity (Qinggui) in Contemporary Taiwanese Monasteries
Authors: Chiu Tzu-Lung 
Published: March 2020

Vinaya rules embody the ideal of how Buddhists should regulate their daily lives, and monastics are required to observe them, despite the fact that they were compiled nearly 2,500 years ago in India: a context dramatically different not only from Chinese Buddhism's present monastic conditions, but from its historical conditions. Against this backdrop, rules of purity (qinggui) were gradually formulated by Chinese masters in medieval times to supplement and adapt vinaya rules to China's cultural ethos and to specific local Chinese contexts. This study explores how the traditional qinggui are applied by the Buddhist sa?gha in present-day Taiwan, and contrasts modern monastics' opinions on these rules and their relation to early Buddhist vinaya, on the one hand, against classical Chan literature (such as Chanyuan qinggui) and the Buddhist canon (such as Dharmaguptakavinaya), on the other. This comparison fills a notable gap in the existing literature.
High-temperature oxidation-resistant NiCr/Al DUPLEX coating on CT3 STEEL SUBSTRATE
Authors: Cuong Ly Quoc , Tuan Nguyen Van , Ha Pham Thi , Ly Pham Thi , Quan Vo An , Thuy Dao Bich , Anh Nguyen Tuan , Quy Le Thu 
Published: March 2020

The oxidation resistance property of NiCr/Al duplex coating system has been evaluated at 800oC during retention times of 1.5; 3; 4.5 and 6 hours. After the oxidation test, SEM-EDS data indicated the diffusion of aluminum into the NiCr coating, whereas XRD patterns revealed the appearance of new phases (Al3Ni2, Al2O3). In addition, an increase in micro-hardness (up to 518 - 842 Hv) was obtained after oxidation test. These obtained findings indicated that NiCr/Al coating had higher oxidation resistance than NiCr coating.
Incidence of Pressure Ulcers In The Patients On Mechanical Ventilation: A Prospective Study
Authors: KARAHAN Elif , ÇELİK Sevim , UÇAR Özge 
Published: March 2020

Aim: The
aim of this study was to determine the incidence of pressure ulcers among the
patients on mechanical ventilation.Methods: The
type of the study was cross-sectional and prospective. It was carried out in 5
intensive care units of a state hospital located in Western Black Sea region of
Turkey. The sample of the study included 260 patients who began to get
mechanical ventilatory support. Pressure ulcer risk in patients was assessed by
Braden Risk Assessment Scale at 10th hour, 1st week and 2nd week timepoints
following the initiation of mechanical ventilatory support. Results: Mean age of the patients was 54±10 years; 52.7% were males; and 55.4% had a Body Mass
Index within normal range. It was determined that 46.5% of the patients were
hospitalized due to the diagnosis of a cerebrovascular event; the state of
consciousness was confused in 52.3% and mean Braden Risk
Assessment Scale was 11.0±2.64. It was observed that
the incidence of pressure ulcers was 10.8% at 10th hour, 58.5% at first week
and 71.15% at second week following the beginning of mechanical ventilation
treatment. At the end of second week, stage1 pressure ulcer was developed on
the sacrum in 30% and on coccyx area in 22.7% of the patients.

Conclusion:It
was found that the incidence of pressure ulcer development risk was
significantly high among the patients who underwent mechanical ventilation
treatment. Considering the effect of mechanical ventilator and other factors,
taking primary protective precautions for preventing pressure ulcers was
suggested to be very important.
Cognitive Learning Strategies and the Students in Tertiary Institution
Authors: Igbo Janet Ngozi , Felicia Mbagwu , Oboegbulem A. 
Published: March 2020

The level of students educational performances remain sources of concern to every stakeholder in the education sector. Many techniques have been tried to find the solution to this problem. Researchers have recommended different methods more especially cognitive learning strategies. Recently, students have been exposed to cognitive learning strategies, yet the performances of students do not justify the application of these strategies. The researchers examined the extent of students’ awareness of these cognitive strategies as well as the extent of the application. The study was guided by two purposes and two research questions. The study adopted the descriptive survey design. In carrying out the study Faculty of education, University of Nigeria was used. The results indicated that the students are aware of almost all the cognitive strategies, but the problem was that the students minimally applied these learning strategies. While some were not applied at all.
MALAYSIAN STUDENTS' SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT TO THE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS IN EGYPT, MOROCCO, AND JORDAN
Authors: Ismail Wail Muin , Mahmoud Awad Zakaria Alcheikh , Zailani Muhammad Azhar , Di Xuan 
Published: March 2020

Purpose of the study: This study examines the social adjustment of Malaysian students studying in Egypt, Morocco, and Jordan. Quantitative, comparative and case study methods were used.
Methodology: Through the questionnaire, in which the social adjustment of the students to the university campus was defined, a total of 587 questionnaires were answered by Malaysian students studying in the three countries. SPSS software was used to carry out the calculation of the mean, t-test, ANOVA and Tukey HSD analysis.
Main Findings: The outcome of the analysis shows that Malaysian male and female students reached the medium level of social adjustment in the three countries. The differences in the means of female and male responses have no significance. Malaysian student's adjustment to the class climate was higher than that of the environment outside. Malaysian students more adjusted with a university campus in Jordan and Egypt than they are in Morocco.
Applications of this study: This study showed a view of conditions Malaysian students in Jordan, Morocco, and Egypt. It will be helpful for students, universities, teachers to be aware of foreign students’ social adjustment issues and pay more attention to this particular problem.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This paper found Malaysian students are more adjusted to the university campus in Jordan and Egypt than they are in Morocco. This suggests that Morocco is a better destination for study for Malaysian students as long as the social adjustment is concerned.
Building the Future: Rural Infrastructure and Regional Economic Development
Authors: Ashleigh Weeden  
Published: March 2020

Communities of all sizes must balance fiscal realities, changing economies, aging infrastructure, changing demographics, and a challenging climate as they work to manage their core infrastructure assets and accommodate and/or address new infrastructure and service demands. Given these challenges, are rural Ontario communities capable of responding to infrastructure pressures and opportunities? How does that capacity – or lack thereof – affect a community’s current and future long-term economic development? Funded by the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs through the University of Guelph-OMAFRA Research Partnership, this research initiative will examine the capacity of different communities in rural Ontario to respond to infrastructure pressures and how these response impact their short and long-term economic well-being. Running from 2018-2021, the research team will use surveys, workshops, content analysis, and case studies, to develop recommendations for addressing these issues through both immediate and long-term policy alternatives. This research initiative will directly support rural Ontario’s economic vitality by providing three key benefits: enhanced understanding of the diversity and varying levels of rural community capacities, improved and more nuanced public policy, and enhanced rural infrastructure development programming.