bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of advanced conduction disturbances following balloon‐expandable transcatheter aortic valve replacement leads to poorer clinical outcomes
Authors: Ashraf Hasan , Fortuin Floyd D. , Sweeney John , DeValeria Patrick A. , Lanza Louis A. , Ramsay Gary , Maranzano Pedro , Patrick Lorna , Scott Luis R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundTranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a reliable method of treating patients with severe aortic stenosis, but is associated with postprocedure conduction defects.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare clinical outcomes in patients who developed advanced conduction defects post‐TAVR to those who did not.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of 243 patients who underwent balloon‐expandable TAVR with the Edwards Sapien valve to determine the incidence of advanced conduction defects in our cohort. We compared clinical outcomes including overall mortality, improvement in symptomatology, and improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction.ResultsAmong the 243 patients included in the study, 9.1% (22/243) required permanent pacemaker (PPM); 19.8% (48/243) developed left bundle branch block (LBBB), and 71.2% (173/243) did not develop any permanent advanced conduction defects. Overall 1‐year mortality was similar across all three groups. There was significant improvement in New York Heart Association functional capacity of all groups post‐TAVR, but this was much less in the PPM group (45.5% vs 68.8%, P = .04). Postprocedure from TAVR, patients with LBBB or PM were less likely to have improvement in their ejection fraction (net loss of −0.7% for LBBB and −5.7% for PPM compared to a net gain of 2.3% for no‐LBBB/PM (P = .02).ConclusionPatients who develop LBBB or require PM post‐TAVR with Edwards Sapien valves are less likely to improve New York Heart Association functional capacity and more likely to have no improvement or deterioration of their pre‐TAVR left ventricular ejection fraction.
Determination of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate via Turbidimetric Titration with Poly(Diallyldimethylammonium Chloride)
Authors: Ziółkowska Dorota , Lamkiewicz Jan , Shyichuk Alexander 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTitration of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) results in the formation of colloidal dispersion and gradual increase of turbidity. The titration end point can be determined in different ways, depending on both titrant concentration and optical detector used. The maximum value of turbidity depends on concentration of the titrant solution. An immersion probe is applicable to measure turbidity changes only at low concentrations of the colloidal dispersion. An external optical sensor is well suitable at both low and high concentrations of PDDA titrant. Near to the equimolar ratio of the analyte and titrant, large floccules are formed and turbidity values undergo chaotic fluctuations. Calibration graphs for SDS determination are straight lines. Determination range is from 0.2 to 40 mg L−1.
The Nigeria Parkinson Disease Registry: Process, Profile, and Prospects of a Collaborative Project
Authors: Ojo Oluwadamilola O. , Abubakar Sani A. , Iwuozo Emmanuel U. , Nwazor Ernest O. , Ekenze Oluchi S. , Farombi Temitope H. , Akinyemi Rufus O. , Williams Uduak E. , Bello Abiodun H. , Wahab Kolawole W. , Iyagba Alagoma M. , Arigbodi Ohwotemu , Erameh Cyril O. , Komolafe Morenikeji A. , Fawale Michael B. , Onwuegbuzie Gerald A. , Obiabo Yahaya O. , Taiwo Funlola T. , Agu Christian E. , Ekeh Bertha C. , Osaigbovo Godwin O. , Achoru Charles O. , Arabambi Babawale , Adeniji Olaleye , Nwani Paul O. , Nwosu Cosmas M. , Ademiluyi Babatunde A. , Oyakhire Shyngle I. , Nyandaiti Yakub , Rabiu Musbahu , Chapp‐Jumbo Emmanuel N. , Balarabe Salisu A. , Otubogun Folajimi M. , Obehighe Emmanuel E. , Kehinde Abiodun J. , Ani‐Osheku Ifeyinwa , Imarhiagbe Frank A. , Dike Franklin O. , Adebowale Akintunde A. , Agabi Osigwe P. , Akpekpe John E. , Ali Mohammed W. , Odeniyi Olanike A. , Odiase Francis E. , Abiodun Oladunni V. , Olowoyo Paul , Osemwegie Nosakhare , Oshinaike Olajumoke O. , Owolabi Lukman F. , Zubair Yusuf A. , Rizig Mie , Okubadejo Njideka U. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundClinical disease registries are useful for quality improvement in care, benchmarking standards, and facilitating research. Collaborative networks established thence can enhance national and international studies by generating more robust samples and credible data and promote knowledge sharing and capacity building. This report describes the methodology, baseline data, and prospects of the Nigeria Parkinson Disease Registry.MethodsThis national registry was established in November 2016. Ethics approval was obtained for all sites. Basic anonymized data for consecutive cases fulfilling the United Kingdom Parkinson's Disease Brain Bank criteria (except the exclusion criterion of affected family members) are registered by participating neurologists via a secure registry website (www.parkinsonnigeria.com) using a minimal common data capture format.ResultsThe registry had captured 578 participants from 5 of 6 geopolitical zones in Nigeria by July 2019 (72.5% men). Mean age at onset was 60.3 ± 10.7 years; median disease duration (interquartile range) was 36 months (18–60.5 months). Young‐onset disease (<50 years) represented 15.2%. A family history was documented in 4.5% and 7.8% with age at onset <50 and ≥ 50, respectively. The most frequent initial symptom was tremor (45.3%). At inclusion, 93.4% were on treatment (54.5% on levodopa monotherapy). Per‐capita direct cost for the registry was $3.37.ConclusionsThis is the first published national Parkinson's disease registry in sub‐Saharan Africa. The registry will serve as a platform for development of multipronged evidence‐based policies and initiatives to improve quality of care of Parkinson's disease and research engagement in Nigeria. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Radial motor nerve conduction studies in the upper arm
Authors: Khodulev Vasily I. , Nechipurenko Natalia I. , Shcharbina Natallia Y. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe main goal of this study was to determine the contribution of the anterior forearm muscles to the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) recorded from the extensor digitorum (ED) after proximal stimulation.MethodsTwenty‐one healthy volunteers and 114 patients with compressive and traumatic radial neuropathies were examined. Stimulation was carried out at six different points: distal third of the upper arm; Erbʼs point; axilla; medial upper arm; antecubital fossa; and ulnar groove.ResultsIn the control group, Erbʼs CMAP area was significantly greater than the distal CMAP area. In compressive neuropathy, there was conduction block, but no change in conduction velocity. There were no differences in Erbʼs CMAP latencies between the control group and the neuropathies group.DiscussionCMAPs recorded over the ED with stimulation at the brachial plexus represent the sum of the motor unit action potentials of the posterior and anterior forearm muscles.
Classification and evaluation of IoT brokers: A methodology
Authors: Bertrand‐Martinez Eddas , Dias Feio Phelipe , Brito Nascimento Vagner de , Kon Fabio , Abelém Antônio 
Published: June 2020

SummarySince the term Internet of Things (IoT) was coined by Kevin Ashton in 1999, a number of middleware platforms have been developed to cope with important challenges such as the integration of different technologies. In this context of heterogeneous technologies, IoT message brokers become critical elements for the proper function of smart systems and wireless sensor networks (WSN) infrastructures. There are several evaluations made on IoT messaging middleware performance. Nevertheless, most of them ignore crucial aspects of the IoT context that also need to be included, such as reliability and other qualitative aspects. Thus, in this article, we propose a methodology for classification and evaluation of IoT brokers to help the scientific community and technology industry on evaluating them according to their interests, without leaving out important aspects for the context of smart environments. Our methodology bases its qualitative evaluations on the ISO/IEC 25000 (SQuaRE) set of standards and its quantitative evaluations on Jain's process for performance evaluation. We developed a case study to illustrate our proposal with 12 different open‐source brokers, validating the feasibility of our methodological approach.
Funding nonprofits in a networked society: Toward a network framework of government support
Authors: Ma Ji 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study considers the effects of government funding to nonprofits from a network perspective. By analyzing a novel, 12‐year panel dataset from the People's Republic of China, I find no evidence that government funding to a nonprofit crowds out private donations to the same organization. However, I find a substantial crosswise crowding‐in effect at the ego network level: an increase of one Chinese Yuan in government funding to a nonprofit's neighbor organizations in board interlocking network can increase the private giving to the nonprofit by 0.4 Chinese Yuan. A nonprofit's network position measured by Katz centrality negatively associates with its private giving. The results suggest that, if we consider the funding system from a holistic network perspective, government should support nonprofits with confidence because of the spillover effect. Moreover, a nascent nonprofit cannot increase donor's confidence by only borrowing board members from renowned organizations.
Growing hearts and minds: Linking landscapes and lifescapes in a soils field course
Authors: Jelinski Nicolas A. , Perrone Sharon V. , Blair Hava K. , Fabian Morgan L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInteracting with practitioners and understanding multiple, contradictory, and complex perspectives is an important skill for effectively managing terrestrial resources in the 21st century. Addressing these needs requires innovative approaches in higher education that elevate student learning outcomes and emphasize the affective learning domain through meaningful, place‐based interactions with practitioners. We describe an approach taken to expand a traditional soils field course to include emphasis on higher‐level student learning outcomes in the affective learning domain. Following the completion of a week‐long field study course in which students gain skills in soil description, classification, and interpretation, the expanded second module of the course includes a traveling component in which students experience soils, landscapes, and “lifescapes” (i.e., the lived experiences of practitioners). This second module incorporates practitioners as the primary source of knowledge and is structured to encourage dialogue, understanding, and co‐discovery centered around soils and land management. In unstructured narratives, students identified themes in the affective domain—deep collaboration, personal and professional development and sense of place, community, and joy—as transformational experiences in the course that influenced their personal and professional growth and future ability to interact with people from across the geographic, social, and political spectrum.
Drawn to natural history: Enhancing field courses with drawing and field journal instruction
Authors: Merkle Bethann Garramon , Barber Brian R. , Carling Matthew D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDrawing is a long‐standing tool in the natural sciences, but training in this skill set has lapsed. We describe the impacts of field sketching instruction on the teaching practices of faculty and the experiences of students in two sections of a freshman‐level course on natural history. We examine self‐reported data from participating faculty and students. We focus on their perspectives of drawing and natural history practices before and after drawing training and a field journal requirement. Faculty reported positive shifts in their views of the value and feasibility of incorporating drawing in their courses. We observed positive shifts in students’ attitudes about drawing and appreciation of nature, as indicated by students’ field journal entries and survey responses. Given the sample size (n = 26 students, n = 2 faculty), our ability to draw inference is constrained. Thus, we present these results to provide context for the overall process of efforts to integrate drawing more fully into natural science courses. For university instructors interested in incorporating drawing into their natural science courses, we also provide advice rooted in the literature and best practices of art‐science integration. Our results suggest that on‐going, artist‐facilitated training for faculty and students can enhance the experience of using drawing in natural history courses and reconnect natural scientists at all career levels to drawing as a valuable, professional tool.
SMARCB1 loss induces druggable cyclin D1 deficiency via upregulation of MIR17HG in atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors
Authors: Xue Yibo , Zhu Xianbing , Meehan Brian , Venneti Sriram , Martinez Daniel , Morin Geneviève , Maïga Rayelle I , Chen Hongbo , Papadakis Andreas I , Johnson Radia M , O'Sullivan Maureen J , Erdreich‐Epstein Anat , Gotlieb Walter H , Park Morag , Judkins Alexander R , Pelletier Jerry , Foulkes William D , Rak Janusz , Huang Sidong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAtypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is a fatal pediatric malignancy of the central neural system lacking effective treatment options. It belongs to the rhabdoid tumor family and is usually caused by biallelic inactivation of SMARCB1, encoding a key subunit of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes. Previous studies proposed that SMARCB1 loss drives rhabdoid tumor by promoting cell cycle through activating transcription of cyclin D1 while suppressing p16. However, low cyclin D1 protein expression is observed in most ATRT patient tumors. The underlying mechanism and therapeutic implication of this molecular trait remain unknown. Here, we show that SMARCB1 loss in ATRT leads to the reduction of cyclin D1 expression by upregulating MIR17HG, a microRNA (miRNA) cluster known to generate multiple miRNAs targeting CCND1. Furthermore, we find that this cyclin D1 deficiency in ATRT results in marked in vitro and in vivo sensitivity to the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib as a single agent. Our study identifies a novel genetic interaction between SMARCB1 and MIR17HG in regulating cyclin D1 in ATRT and suggests a rationale to treat ATRT patients with FDA‐approved CDK4/6 inhibitors. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, characterization, morphology, and adsorption studies of ternary nanocomposite comprising graphene oxide, chitosan, and polypyrrole
Authors: Kamal Shahid , Khan Faisal , Kausar Huma , Khan Mohd Shoeb , Ahmad Anees , Ishraque Ahmad Syed , Asim Mohd , Alshitari Wael , Nami Shahab A. A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe present work reports the synthesis of a ternary nanocomposite GO‐CS‐PPy comprising of graphene oxide (GO), chitosan (CS), and polypyrrole (PPy). The ternary nanocomposite GO‐CS‐PPy was characterized by a variety of techniques like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction analysis (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis, and differential thermal analysis. The in situ synthesis of ternary nanocomposite GO‐CS‐PPy was carried out in the presence of catalytic FeCl3. The SEM and TEM analyses reveal a clear transformation of GO into the nanocomposite form where the characteristic sheet‐like structure of the former was crushed and converted into small pieces of nonuniform size. Similarly, in the XRD, the diagnostic peak of GO is also shifted appreciably employing successful synthesis of ternary nanocomposite GO‐CS‐PPy. The thermal stability of the ternary nanocomposite GO‐CS‐PPy was also found to be enhanced as compared to the pristine GO, CS, and PPy individually. The ternary nanocomposite GO‐CS‐PPy was used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of a popular anionic dye Congo red as well as for the removal of heavy metal ions like Cu2+ and Cd2+ from water. In both cases, the ternary nanocomposite GO‐CS‐PPy was found to be very effective and can be commercialized in near future after further comprehensive studies.
TLC–MS identification of alkaloids in Leonuri Herba and Leonuri Fructus aided by a newly developed universal derivatisation reagent optimised by the response surface method
Authors: Zhang Na , Wang Meng , Li Yue , Zhou Mingzhe , Wu Tao , Cheng Zhihong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionDragendorff's reagent has low sensitivity and non‐specificity for some alkaloids. A new alkaloid derivatisation reagent has been developed and optimised by using a Box–Behnken design method. This new reagent is applicable for structurally diverse natural alkaloids, and is proposed as a universal alkaloid staining reagent.ObjectiveTo establish an efficient and sensitive thin‐layer chromatography (TLC) identification method for Leonuri Herba and Leonuri Fructus to characterise their differences and similarities.MethodThree key components (bismuth subnitrate, potassium iodide and iodine) in the derivatisation reaction were re‐constructed and optimised using a response surface method. Different inorganic acids, essential additives of the staining reaction, were compared by a single‐factor experiment design.ResultsThis newly optimised reagent for alkaloids reported in this study, named the enhanced Dragendorff–Wagner's reagent, is composed of 0.82% bismuth subnitrate, 11.1% potassium iodide and 0.76% iodine in 38% phosphoric acid solution. Validation results indicate that the TLC spot of stachydrine stained with the enhanced Dragendorff–Wagner's reagent had a limit of detection of 2.0 μg, good intra‐ and inter‐plate, and intra‐ and intra‐day precisions with relative standard devition values less than 5.0%, and stability over 90 min.ConclusionThis enhanced Dragendorff–Wagner's reagent was applied for TLC identification of 16 reference alkaloids representing 11 structural skeletons, and two closely related herbs (Leonuri Herba and Leonuri Fructus). This newly enhanced Dragendorff–Wagner's reagent is a universal, effective, and sensitive staining reagent for alkaloids.
The Table of Standard Atomic Weights—An exercise in consensus
Authors: Coplen Tyler B. , Holden Norman E. , Ding Tiping , Meijer Harro A.J. , Vogl Jochen , Zhu Xiangkun 
Published: June 2020

The present Table of Standard Atomic Weights (TSAW) of the elements is perhaps one of the most familiar data sets in science. Unlike most parameters in physical science whose values and uncertainties are evaluated using the “Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement” (GUM), the majority of standard atomic‐weight values and their uncertainties are consensus values, not GUM‐evaluated values. The Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) regularly evaluates the literature for new isotopic‐abundance measurements that can lead to revised standard atomic‐weight values, Ar°(E) for element E.The Commission strives to provide utmost clarity in products it disseminates, namely the TSAW and the Table of Isotopic Compositions of the Elements (TICE). In 2016, the Commission recognized that a guideline recommending the expression of uncertainty listed in parentheses following the standard atomic‐weight value, for example, Ar°(Se) = 78.971(8), did not agree with the GUM, which suggests that this parenthetic notation be reserved to express standard uncertainty, not the expanded uncertainty used in the TSAW and TICE. In 2017, to eliminate this noncompliance with the GUM, a new format was adopted in which the uncertainty value is specified by the “±” symbol, for example, Ar°(Se) = 78.971 ± 0.008. To clarify the definition of uncertainty, a new footnote has been added to the TSAW. This footnote emphasizes that an atomic‐weight uncertainty is a consensus (decisional) uncertainty.Not only has the Commission shielded users of the TSAW and TICE from unreliable measurements that appear in the literature as a result of unduly small uncertainties, but the aim of IUPAC has been fulfilled by which any scientist, taking any natural sample from commerce or research, can expect the sample atomic weight to lie within Ar°(E) ± its uncertainty almost all of the time.
A new approach to environmental sustainability: Assessing the impact of monetary policy on CO2 emissions in Asian economies
Authors: Qingquan Jiang , Khattak Shoukat Iqbal , Ahmad Manzoor , Ping Lin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper offers a unique perspective in the field of environmental economics and research by linking CO2 emissions (CO2e) and monetary policies. Through a newly‐developed predictive model, the study estimated the impact of monetary policies on CO2e along with control variables, including income, remittances, urbanization, fossil fuels, and human capital in selected Asian economies for the period 1990–2014. Data were analyzed using the Pedroni and Kao co‐integration tests, panel fully‐modified (PFM‐LS), and panel dynamic least squares (PD‐LS) techniques for data analysis. Some of the main findings are as follows. First, the results showed a significant long‐term positive relationship between expansionary monetary policy and CO2e. Second, the contractionary monetary policy serves an effective measure to mitigate CO2e. Third, improvements in human capital have a positive impact on reducing CO2e. Fourth, remittances and fossil fuels are also prime determinants of CO2e. Based on the present findings, the paper proposes important implications and a predictive tool for policymakers to design effective policies and strategies for reducing CO2e.
Differential Performance of Sympatric Pomoxis Species Is Explained by Habitat‐Linked Morphology
Authors: Porreca Anthony P. , Rude Neil P. , Broadway Kyle J. , Wahl David H. , Parkos Joseph J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBlack Crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus and White Crappie Pomoxis annularis have contrasting patterns of performance along a gradient of turbidity for reasons that have yet to be elucidated. We examined how distinct, habitat‐linked morphologies of these congeners make Black Crappie more specialized for structurally complex vegetation and White Crappie more specialized for open‐water habitats and tested how these interspecific differences during early life influence their vulnerability to predation within open‐water and vegetated habitats. Juvenile Black Crappie had deeper bodies with a short, deep caudal peduncle, and juvenile White Crappie had more fusiform bodies with an elongated caudal peduncle. These morphological differences had important consequences for predator evasiveness in each habitat, where Black Crappie were more successful at evading capture in vegetation and White Crappie were more successful at evading capture in open water. Because turbid lakes rarely support vegetation and clear lakes are heavily vegetated, our results suggest that differential success observed between these congeners may be better explained by adaptations to structural habitat complexity rather than tolerance to turbidity. Our study supports that habitat‐linked morphological variation is critically important for predator evasiveness and can structure populations across species distributions.