bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
T4 Reduces Cisplatin Resistance by Inhibiting AEG-1 Gene Expression in Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Song Tianjiao , Lin Xiaohong , Huang Pingting , Chen Yuqing , Chen Limin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLung cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in the world. Most lung cancer patients are resistant to chemotherapy drugs. In our study, we investigated whether T4 can reduce the resistance of lung cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs through the action of AEG-1.Materials and Methods1.A549 and A549/DDP cells were respectively transfected with overexpressing AEG-1 and knockdown AEG-1 plasmid. A549 and A549/DDP cells were added 0、25、50、100、200nM T4 respectively. 200nM T4 was selected for following experiments. A549/DDP cells were divided into A549/DDP empty group, T4 group, T4+AEG-1 overexpressing group. CCK8 assay was used to detect the proliferation of cells in each group. RT-qPCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of AEG-1 and MDR-1.ResultsAs expected, the expression of AEG-1 in A549 and A549/DDP cells is positively correlated with cisplatin resistance. When AEG-1 protein was overexpressed in A549 cells, the lethal effect of cisplatin on A549 cells was attenuated (all P<0.05). After AEG-1 protein was knocked down in A549/DDP cells, cisplatin was applied to the A549/DDP cells. The lethal effect was significantly increased compared to that in the control cells (all P<0.05). The expression of AEG-1 protein gradually decreased with increasing concentration of T4 in A549 and A549/DDP cells; The resistance to cisplatin was reduced after the addition of T4 to A549/DDP cells (P<0.05), and this effect was enhanced after transfection with the AEG-1 plasmid. ConclusionIn summary, T4 is important for increasing the sensitively of lung cancer cells to cisplatin. AEG-1 may be a key protein involved in this effect and may have an important impact on the survival rate of chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer in the future.
Osthole Induces Apoptosis, Secondary Necrosis and Mitophagy Via NQO1-Mediated ROS Overproduction in HeLa Cells
Authors: Huangfu Mengjie , Wang Juan , Yu Dan , Qin Jianli , Guan Xiao , Zhou Luwei , Dou Tong , Liu Yisa , Wang Lin , Li Xumei , Fu Minglei , chen xu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Osthole is a natural coumarin which has been proved to inhibit growth of cancer cells by inducing cancer cells death, while its mechanism of anticancer remains unclearly. In our study, we found that osthole activated multiple forms of cell death including apoptosis, secondary necrosis and mitophagy in receptor interacting protein kinase (RIP) 3-deficient cervical cancer HeLa cells. Methods: Cell viability was detected by MTT assay. Cell membrane integrity was detected by LDH release assay and PI staining. Cell apoptosis and necrosis were detected by flow cytometry assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by DCFH-DA staining and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by JC-1 staining using flow cytometry. The expression of proteins was detected by western blotting assay and proteomics. Xenograft tumor model was used to evaluate the effect of osthole in vivo.Results: Our study showed osthole caused HeLa cells apoptosis and secondary necrosis, which is a phenomenon of the apoptotic cells’ plasma membrane breakdown. And when Hela cells pretreatment with Z-DEVD-FMK, an irreversible caspase-3 inhibitor, not only inhibited osthole-induced apoptosis but also necrosis. Moreover, we found that Z-DEVD-FMK reversed the effect of osthole on the induction of cleaved the N-terminal fragment of GSDME in Hela cells. Furthermore, inhibition of NAD (P) H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) by osthole induced the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS inhibitor N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) not only reduced osthole-induced apoptosis, but also reversed its effect on the necrotic induction and the GSDME N-terminal generation. It was shown that osthole decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and increased the expression of PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkin, which indicated that the activation of mitophagy induced by osthole. Meanwhile, as well as apoptosis and secondary necrosis, mitophagy was also restrained by NAC. Conclusions: In conclusion, all these data suggested that osthole induced apoptosis, secondary necrosis and mitophagy via NQO1-mediated ROS overproduction.
Catalytic asymmetric Nakamura reaction by gold(I)/chiral N,Nʹ-dioxide-indium(III) synergistic catalysis
Authors: Hu Xinyue , Tang Xiaoxue , Zhang Xiying , Lin Lili , Feng Xiaoming 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Intermolecular addition of enols and enolates to unactivated alkynes was proved to be a simple and powerful method for carbon-carbon bond formation. Up to date, a catalytic asymmetric version of alkyne with 1,3-dicarbonyl compound has not been realized. Herein, we achieve the first catalytic asymmetric intermolecular addition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to unactivated 1-alkynes. A range of β-ketoamides with a cyclic all-carbon quaternary center and acyclic quaternary center with a fluorine substituent were synthesized in excellent yields with good enantioselectivities attributing to the synergistic activation of chiral N,N′-dioxide-indium(III) Lewis acid and achiral gold(I) π-acid. Besides, a possible catalytic cycle and transition state models were proposed to illustrate the origin of process based on the experimental investigations.
Bio-Electric Impedance Analysis and Anthropometric Obesity Indices as Predictors of Dyslipidaemia Among Adults at A Tertiary Institution in Lusaka, Zambia.
Authors: Mutengo Katongo Hope , Chipimo Peter J. , Chanda Duncan M. , Hamooya Benson M. , Moyo Sikhulile , Kamanga Brown C. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective Dyslipidaemia and obesity have a synergistic effect on the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Anthropometric measurements have often been used as surrogate markers for obesity indices with diverse results. We evaluated the best obesity index for predicting dyslipidaemia among anthropometric measurements and body fat measurements with bio-electric impedance analysis (BIA). Results Among 116 adults, 62 (53.4%) were female. The median age was 39 years (quartile (Q)1, Q3: 20.8, 65.4). Waist circumference (odds ratio (OR) 4.54; 95% CI 1.56, 13.19; p=0.005) and total body fat percentage (OR 0.34; 95% CI 0.13, 0.91; p=0.031) measurements of obesity indices were significantly associated with dyslipidaemia.
Biochar Application for Rice Cultivation in Salt-Affected Soils
Authors: Prasertsuk Sirapat , Wijitkosum Saowanee 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In many areas, soil salinization is a major threat to ecosystems, agriculture, and food security. Human activities and climate change contribute to its increasing prevalence. In Thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima is the most severely affected province in the country’s Northeast region, and was selected for this study. The underlying geology and human activities both contribute to the problem in this area. The roots of field crops bring saline groundwater up into the rhizosphere. Evaporation at the soil surface leads to salinization, reducing crop growth, and, ultimately, rendering the soil barren. This research aimed to improve the quality of saline soil using rice husk biochar (RHB) to enable rice cultivation and limit evaporation. The study examined the effect of RHB incorporation on improving the soil properties. Jasmine rice variety KDML 105 was planted in cement rings (80 cm diameter) filled with saline sodic soil at pH 10.6, with a total sodium content of 0.83%, electrical conductivity (EC) of 68.6 dS/m, and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of 11707. The results indicated that RHB can significantly reduce the soil salinity, EC, Na+ content, and SAR value, while elevating the levels of available macronutrients, such as nitrogen, calcium, and magnesium. In addition, the study found that incorporation of RHB at a rate of 1.5 kg/cement ring was optimal for growing Jasmine Rice (KDML105) under these conditions.
Management reorganization of a Radiology ward during the Covid-19 pandemic in a University Hospital structured inpavilions.
Authors: Marzocchi Guido , Gentilini Mattia , Gianstefani Alice , Giostra Fabrizio , Grassi Giuliano Orazio , Monteduro Francesco 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective: The aim of the recent management reorganization of the Emergency Room and Radiology ward was to face the recent Coronavirus pandemic in the most rational way possible, to preserve the essential role of these Units in the complex context of a pavillions structured Hospital. Methods: The most challenging management criticalities posed by the recent Coronavirus pandemic were individually analyzed and dealt with. The pavilions structure of our Hospital, biohazard management, shortage of personnel and shortage or temporary inadequacy of personal protective equipment were addressed as the most urgent and important problems.Results: A strategic use of the Radiology Information System and Picture Archiving And Communication System (RIS-PACS), dedicated ambulances with specific disinfection procedures, the institution of dedicated pavilions, wards, checkpoints and different paths for COVID-19 (Coronavirs Disease 2019) and non COVID-19 patients, frequent sanification procedures, serological screening for employees and emergency dedicated staff recruitment were put to place as a result of said analysis.Nevertheless, all of these goals couldn’t have been achieved without a constant sense of responsibility of the employees involved.Conclusions: A rational analysis of the most critical problems associated with a pandemic is vital to provide a fast and effective response, and represents a valuable wealth of experience in case of future pandemics.
A comparison of clinical and laboratory manifestations of thrombotic events in patients with COVID-19 and other respiratory viral infections.
Authors: Tan Chuen Wen , Tan Jing Yuan , Wong Wan Hui , Cheong May Anne , Ng Ian Matthias , Conceicao Edwin Philip , Low Guek Hong Jenny , Ng Heng Joo , Lee Lai Heng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
COVID-19 caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other respiratory viral (non-CoV-2-RV) infections are associated with thrombotic complications. The differences in prothrombotic potential between SARS-CoV-2 and non-CoV-2-RV have not been well characterised. We compared the thrombotic rates between these two groups of patients directly and further delved into their coagulation profiles. In this single-center, retrospective cohort study, all consecutive COVID-19 and non-CoV-2-RV patients admitted between January 15th and April 10th 2020 were included. Coagulation parameters studied were prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time and its associated clot waveform analysis (CWA) parameter, min1, min2 and max2. In the COVID-19 (n=181) group there were two (1.0 event/1000-hospital-days) thrombotic events while one (1.8 event/1000-hospital-day) was reported in the non-CoV-2-RV (n=165) group. All of these events were myocardial infarction occurring in the intensive care unit. Coagulation parameters did not differ throughout the course of mild COVID-19. However, CWA parameters were significantly higher in severe COVID-19 compared with mild disease, suggesting hypercoagulability (min1: 6.48%/s vs 5.05%/s, P<0.001; min2: 0.92%/s2 vs 0.74%/s2, P=0.033). In conclusion, the thrombotic rates were low and did not differ between COVID-19 and non-CoV-2-RV patients. The hypercoagulability in COVID-19 is a highly dynamic process with the highest risk occurring when patients were most severely ill. Such changes in haemostasis could be detected by CWA. In our population, a more individualized thromboprophylaxis approach, considering clinical and laboratory factors, is preferred over universal pharmacological thromboprophylaxis for all hospitalized COVID-19 patients and such personalized approach warrants further research.
Prehabilitation to Improve outcomes afteR Autologous sTem cEll transplantation (PIRATE): A pilot randomised controlled trial protocol
Authors: Dennett Amy M , Porter Judi , Ting Stephen B , Taylor Nicholas F 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAutologous stem cell transplant is a common procedure for people with haematological malignancies. While effective at improving survival, autologous stem cell transplant recipients may have a lengthy hospital admission and experience debilitating side-effects such as fatigue, pain and deconditioning that may prolong recovery. Prehabilitation comprising exercise and nutrition intervention before stem cell transplant aims to optimise physical capacity before the procedure to enhance functional recovery after transplant. However, few studies have evaluated prehabilitation in this setting. We aim to determine preliminary efficacy of improving physical capacity of prehabilitation for people undergoing autologous stem cell transplant. MethodsThe PIRATE study is a single-blinded, parallel two-armed pilot randomised trial of multidisciplinary prehabilitation delivered prior to autologous stem cell transplantation. Twenty-two patients with haematological malignancy waitlisted for transplant will be recruited from a tertiary haematology unit. The intervention will include up to 8 weeks of twice-weekly, in-person, supervised tailored exercise and fortnightly nutrition education delivered via phone, in the lead up to autologous stem cell transplant. Blinded assessments will be completed at week 13, approximately 4 weeks after transplant and health service measures collected at week 25 approximately 12 weeks after transplant. The primary outcome is to assess changes in physical capacity using the 6-minute walk test. Secondary measures are time to engraftment, C-reactive protein, physical activity (accelerometer), grip strength, health-related quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30 and HDC29 supplement), self-efficacy and recording of adverse events. Additionally, health service data including hospital length of stay, hospital readmissions, emergency department presentations and urgent symptom clinic presentation at 6 months will be recorded. DiscussionThis trial will provide valuable information that will inform a future definitive randomised controlled trial and implementation of prehabilitation for people receiving autologous stem cell transplant by providing data on efficacy and safety. Trial registrationThe PIRATE Trial has been approved by the Eastern Health Human Research Ethics Committee (E20/003/61055) and is funded by the Eastern Health Foundation. This trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12620000496910. Registered April 20, 2020, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=379441&isReview=true
Otorhinolaryngological manifestations of COVID-19-A systematic review
Authors: Govindarajalu Priyadarshini , Shah Rahulkumar , Parsana Monil 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: In early December 2019, an outbreak of COVID-19, caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), occurred in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China causing havoc all over the world. As clinicians, recognition of this disease is necessary to isolate these patients to prevent further human to human transmission. Due to its affinity to the respiratory tract and increased viral load in the nose and throat, we as practising otorhinolaryngologists are at increased risk of exposure to this life-threatening virus and warrants an in-depth knowledge on the symptomatology of this disease. This systematic review is intended to highlight the otorhinolaryngological manifestations of COVID-19.Methodology: The literature search was performed on PubMed database using Boolean operators ‘and ‘, ‘or’ as “otorhinolaryngological manifestations” or “rhinology” or “otology” or “larynx” or “hearing” or “olfaction” and “covid19” or “novel corona virus” or “SARS-CoV” with filters as ‘2020’ year of study on 7/08/2020 at 11.30 Am.Review Results: Total of 357 articles were obtained on search and the final 12 articles extracted based on our selection criteria were reviewed. The studies included 6825 laboratory confirmed COVID -19 patients with varying severity of disease. Olfactory dysfunction and taste dysfunction were noted in 2355 and 2224 patients respectively. Nasal obstruction was reported in 323 patients and sore throat in 261 patients. Rhinorrhoea was reported in 209 patients .158 patients complained of post nasal drip and 152 patients presented with facial pain.Conclusion: As a practising otorhinolaryngologist, a good insight into the otorhinolaryngological manifestations of COVID-19 is essential to differentiate between the prodromal symptoms of COVID-19 and non-COVID viral upper respiratory tract infection.
Exosome as a Natural Gene Delivery Vector for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Pofali Prasad , Mondal Adrita , Londhe Vaishali 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Current gene therapy vectors such as viral, non-viral, and bacterial vectors,
which are used for cancer treatment, but there are certain safety concerns and stability issues
of these conventional vectors. Exosomes are the vesicles of size 40-100 nm secreted from multivesicular
bodies into the extracellular environment by most of the cell types in-vivo and in-vitro.
As a natural nanocarrier, exosomes are immunologically inert, biocompatible, and can cross biological
barriers like the blood-brain barrier, intestinal barrier, and placental barrier.

Objective:
This review focusses on the role of exosome as a carrier to efficiently deliver a gene for
cancer treatment and diagnosis. The methods for loading of nucleic acids onto the exosomes, advantages
of exosomes as a smart intercellular shuttle for gene delivery and therapeutic applications as
a gene delivery vector for siRNA, miRNA and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic
Repeats (CRISPR) and also the limitations of exosomes as a gene carrier are all reviewed in this article.

Methods:
Mostly, electroporation and chemical transfection are used to prepare gene loaded exosomes.

Results:
Exosome-mediated delivery is highly promising and advantageous in comparison to the
current delivery methods for systemic gene therapy. Targeted exosomes, loaded with therapeutic
nucleic acids, can efficiently promote the reduction of tumor proliferation without any adverse effects.

Conclusion:
In the near future, exosomes can become an efficient gene carrier for delivery and a
biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
Ground Movements Prediction in Shield-Driven Tunnels using Gene Expression Programming
Authors: Ramesh A. , Hajihassani M. , Rashiddel A. 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:
The increase in population and traffic in metropolitan areas has led to the development of underground transportation spaces. Therefore, the estimation of the surface settlement caused by the construction of underground structures should be accurately considered. Several methods have been developed to predict tunneling-induced surface settlement. Among these methods, artificial intelligence-based methods have received much attention in recent years. This paper is aimed to develop a model based on Gene Expression Programming (GEP) algorithm to predict surface settlement induced by mechanized tunneling.

Methods:
For this purpose, Tehran Metro Line 6 was simulated numerically to investigate the effects of different parameters on the surface settlement, and 85 datasets were prepared from numerical simulations. Subsequently, several GEP models were implemented using the obtained datasets from numerical simulations and finally, a model with 30 chromosomes and 3 genes was selected as the optimum model.

Results:
A comparison was made between obtained maximum surface settlements by the proposed GEP model and numerical simulation. The results demonstrated that the proposed model could predict surface settlement induced by mechanized tunneling with a high degree of accuracy.

Conclusion:
Finally, a mathematical equation was derived from the proposed GEP model, which can be easily used for surface settlement prediction.
Déficit de hormona de crecimiento en niños y adolescentes: algunos aspectos a tener en cuenta
Authors: Carvajal Martínez Francisco , Bustamante Tejido Mirelkis , Piz Ramos Yuraimi , Domínguez Alonso Emma , Carvajal Aballe Mónica 
Published: September 2020

Introducción: la deficiencia de Hormona de Crecimiento (DGH) es la causa endocrina más importante y frecuente de baja talla. Este déficit hormonal se acompaña además de un retraso en la maduración ósea.
Método: se realizó un estudio aplicado, retrospectivo y descriptivo de 108 pacientes con diagnóstico de baja talla hipofisaria por Déficit de la Hormona de Crecimiento, entre cuyos propósitos se encontraban determinar el comportamiento de la maduración esquelética según sexo, diagnóstico del déficit hormonal, edad de inicio del tratamiento, y tipo de déficit hormonal hipofisario.
Resultados: existe un retraso marcado de la edad ósea en pacientes con DGH, el cual es mayor si el déficit es congénito, total y selectivo.
Conclusiones: se destaca que los pacientes con DGH, independientemente del tipo, mostraron un marcado retraso de la edad ósea, así como se hacen algunas consideraciones generales sobre el tema.
Skin Shrinkage with Vibration Amplification of Sound Energy at Resonance (VASER) Liposelection of Abdomen: Avoiding Abdominoplasty
Authors: Alam Dr Munir 
Published: September 2020

Objective / Purpose of the Study: For abdominal reshaping / contouring, patient with excess abdominal skin and redundant fat quite often require abdominoplasty / tummy tuck. Inconsistent results achieved with traditional liposuction especially in the supraumbilical area. This study is to assess the role of abdominal VASER liposelection and if the abdominoplasty can be avoided.
Material and Methods: This is retrospective cross sectional observational study conducted at Dundrum Medical Cosmetic Clinic, Dublin 16, Ireland. The study period includes two years from March 2009 to February 2011. In this study total number of consecutive 85 patients, operated by single surgeon were included with type I-IV patient category according to Matarasso classification system (1). There were 10 (11.8%) male and 75 (88.2%) female patient with mean age 42.4 years ± 10.95 years.
Results: All of the 85 patients were treated with abdominal VASER liposelection. There were 75 female (88.2%) patients and 10 male (11.8%) patients in this study. Seven (8.2%) female patient require second session of VASER liposelection procedure 3 months after the first procedure and 3 (3.5%) female patient underwent third session to complete the abdominal contouring. None of the total 10 male patient required 2nd or 3rd session of abdominal VASER liposelection. The satisfaction level achieved 90 to 100 % by using visual analogue scoring system for all types I - IV abdomen. No early or late complication was noted in this study.
Conclusion: This is a low risk, minimally invasive, scarless ambulatory technique performed under local anaesthetic, highly satisfactory to the patient as well as surgeon and is effective in all the categories of protuberant abdomen avoiding the local and systemic risk of abdominoplasty.