bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A nonsurgical treatment of peri‐implantitis using mechanic, antiseptic and anti‐inflammatory treatment: 1 year follow‐up
Authors: Mayer Yaniv , Ginesin Ofir , Horwitz Jacob 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimsThe study's aim was to assess the clinical outcome 6 and 12 months after a nonsurgical treatment of peri‐implantitis per se or in conjunction with a combination of local antiseptic and anti‐inflammatory treatment.Materials and methodsIncluded were 69 patients with periodontitis, with 106 implants, diagnosed with peri‐implantitis. Peri‐implantitis was defined as radiographic bone loss ≥3 mm, probing depth (PD) ≥ 6 mm, with bleeding on probing. Group M peri‐implantitis was treated with ultrasonic debridement and soft tissue curettage. Group P had additional implant surface treatment with rotatory hand piece composed of chitosan bristle, soft tissue curettage combined with application of 0.95% hypochlorite and 1 mg minocycline HCl.ResultsAfter 6 months, both groups demonstrated significant reduction of mean plaque index, PD, and clinical attachment level (0.71 ± 0.57, 0.81 ± 0.55; 4.77 ± 0.73 mm, 4.42 ± 0.5 mm; 5.03 ± 0.86 mm, 5.13 ± 0.73 mm; respectively) and bleeding on probing. After 6 and 12 months, group P showed significantly better PD results compared to group M. The bleeding was significantly less in group P after 12 months (15.3% ± 6.2, 25.1% ± 8.2, respectively).ConclusionsAdjunctive treatment with local antiseptic and anti‐inflammatories during mechanical phase was positively associated with inflammation reduction and connective tissue reattachment.
Nanoheterostructures of Partially Oxidized RuNi Alloy as Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Lin Gaoxin , Wang Yuandong , Hong Jinhua , Suenaga Kazu , Liu Lijia , Chang Lo‐Yueh , Pao Chih‐Wen , Zhang Tao , Zhao Wei , Huang Fuqiang , Yang Minghui , Sun Yi‐Yang , Wang Jiacheng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting, as one of the most promising methods to store renewable energy generated by intermittent sources, such as solar and wind energy, has attracted tremendous attention in recent years. Developing efficient, robust, and green catalysts for the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER) is of great interest. This study concerns a facile and green approach for producing RuNi/RuNi oxide nanoheterostructures by controllable partial oxidation of RuNi nanoalloy, which is characterized and confirmed by various techniques, including high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron‐based X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. This nanoheterostructure demonstrates outstanding bifunctional activities for catalyzing the HER and OER with overpotentials that are both among the lowest reported values. In a practical alkali–water‐splitting electrolyzer, it also achieves a record‐low cell voltage of 1.42 V at 10 mA cm−2, which is significantly superior to the commercial RuO2//Pt/C couple and other reported bifunctional water‐splitting electrocatalysts. Density functional theory calculations are employed to elaborate the effect of Ni incorporation. This simple catalyst preparation approach is expected to be transferrable to other electrocatalytic reactions.
Copper Porphyrin as a Stable Cathode for High‐Performance Rechargeable Potassium Organic Batteries
Authors: Lv Shenshen , Yuan Jingjun , Chen Zhi , Gao Ping , Shu Hongbo , Yang Xiukang , Liu Enhui , Tan Songting , Ruben Mario , Zhao‐Karger Zhirong , Fichtner Maximilian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRechargeable potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs) are promising alternatives to lithium‐ion batteries for large‐scale electrochemical energy‐storage applications because of the abundance and low cost of potassium. However, the development of KIBs is hampered by the lack of stable and high‐capacity cathode materials. Herein, a functionalized porphyrin complex, [5,15‐bis(ethynyl)‐10,20‐diphenylporphinato]copper(II) (CuDEPP), was proposed as a new cathode for rechargeable potassium batteries. Spectroscopy and molecular simulation studies were used to show that both PF6− and K+ interact with the porphyrin macrocycle to allow a four‐electron transfer. In addition, the electrochemical polymerization of the ethynyl functional groups in CuDEPP resulted in the self‐stabilization of the cathode, which was highly stable during cycling. This unique charge storage mechanism enabled CuDEPP to provide a capacity of 181 mAh g−1 with an average potential of 2.8 V (vs. K+/K). These findings could open a pathway towards the design of new stable organic electrodes for KIBs.
Simplified treatment of the transconductance linearization problem employing any number of coupled differential pairs
Authors: Fekih‐Ahmed Lazhar 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThis paper is a step toward a rigorous mathematical analysis of the transconductance linearization problem. Using the apparatus of approximation theory, we show that the transconductance linearization problem is a function approximation problem. We elaborate two separate methods for solving this problem: (i) Padé and (ii) Padé‐type methods. Both methods are of the maximum flatness type because they are particular cases of the generalized Taylor series method. As a by‐product of our mathematical analysis, we develop new linearization techniques. In particular, we show that maximum flatness can be derived by the Padé‐type method by simply choosing distinct gate voltages. This characterizes new extensions of known design guidelines.
Space‐time block coding in millimeter wave large‐scale MIMO‐NOMA transmission scheme
Authors: Ghavidel Aghdam Mohammad Reza , Mozaffari Tazehkand Behzad , Abdolee Reza , Mohassel Feghhi Mahmood 
Published: March 2020

SummaryIn this paper, we introduce a new wireless system architecture using space‐time block coding schemes (STBC) and non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in millimeter wave (mmWave) large‐scale MIMO systems. The proposed STBC mmWave large‐scale MIMO‐NOMA system utilizes two MIMO subarrays, transmitting data over two channel vectors to mobile users.To reduce the communication overhead and latency in the system, we utilize random beamforming with optimal coefficients at the base station and random‐near random‐far user pairing in implementing the NOMA scheme.Our results show that the proposed STBC mmWave large‐scale MIMO‐NOMA technique significantly outperforms the previous counterparts.
Adult rhabdomyoma presenting as thyroid nodule on fine‐needle aspiration in patient with Birt‐Hogg‐Dubé syndrome: Case report and literature review
Authors: Black Margaret , Wei Xiao‐Jun , Sun Wei , Simms Anthony , Negron Raquel , Hagiwara Mari , Chidakel Aaron R. , Hodak Steven , Persky Mark S. , Shi Yan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExtracardiac rhabdomyoma is an uncommon benign striated muscle tumor with a predilection for the head and neck region. However, it is extremely rare for extracardiac rhabdomyoma to present as a thyroid nodule. We report a case of rhabdomyoma diagnosed by thyroid fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) in a patient with Birt‐Hogg‐Dubé (BHD) syndrome. A 60‐year‐old man with BHD syndrome presented for recurrent pneumothorax. Chest CT incidentally identified a thyroid nodule. Subsequent sonography confirmed a 4.44 × 2.28 × 2.82 cm solid, hypoechoic nodule with smooth margins in the right upper pole. Ultrasound‐guided FNA revealed many clusters and scattered isolated large polygonal cells with abundant granular cytoplasm and small peripherally located nuclei. Vague striations in the cytoplasm were focally identified. No follicular cells or colloid was present. Immunocytochemistry on one direct smear slide demonstrated diffuse positivity for desmin, supporting muscular differentiation. Subsequent surgery identified an adult rhabdomyoma originating from the inferior constrictor muscle of the neck and anteriorly displacing the thyroid. Because the mass was intimately associated with the thyroid gland, it was initially mistaken for a thyroid nodule on ultrasound. Diagnosis of rhabdomyoma on FNA is challenging, especially when rhabdomyoma mimics a thyroid nodule on imaging. The differential diagnosis includes Hurthle cell neoplasm, granular cell tumor, colloid nodule, and normal striated skeletal muscle. Adequate radiologic data and familiarity with the cytologic features of rhabdomyoma are critical for an accurate diagnosis.
Quantifying species’ geographic range changes: conceptual and statistical issues
Authors: Loehle Craig 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGeographic range is an important metric used to evaluate species’ environmental relationships. Additionally, a very small or rapidly shrinking range may indicate elevated extinction risk. However, a species does not fully occupy its range in the way a lake fills a basin and is instead best thought of as a cloud of points rather than an area per se. Samples of species presence or abundance are subject to issues of both inherent detectability and stochastic detectability due to sample locations in space and time. In addition, populations fluctuate in space and time. These factors mean that the population centroid, range area, and range margin are not deterministic. Examples from the literature demonstrate that multidirectional range changes are ubiquitous due to stochastic effects. Confounding factors, particularly due to human activities such as land use change, also complicate inference about range changes. Herein, statistical tests for centroid and margin changes in the context of stochastic fluctuations of clouds of points and sample error are demonstrated. Scale‐dependent area analysis and tests for range area change are presented along with tests for responses at the community level (suites of species). This test allows for evaluation of change in spatial pattern for patchy populations with or without outliers. Geographic range change can reliably be tested with statistics based on distributions of clouds of observed points rather than bounded areas per se, if potential confounding is taken into account.
Plant damage in urban agroecosystems varies with local and landscape factors
Authors: Egerer Monika , Liere Heidi , Lucatero Azucena , Philpott Stacy M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBiotic and abiotic factors at local to landscape scales influence insect pest and disease dynamics in agricultural systems. However, relative to studies focused on the importance of these drivers of crop plant damage in rural agricultural systems, few studies investigate plant damage from herbivore insects and plant diseases in urban agroecosystems, and consequently, most urban farmers lack knowledge on crop protection tactics. Here we use three common crop species within urban agroecosystems (community gardens) distributed across an urban landscape as a model system to ask how local, landscape, and microclimate factors relate to herbivore and disease plant damage. We hypothesized that plant damage would be lower in gardens with greater local vegetation complexity, landscape‐scale complexity, and less variable temperatures, but that the importance of factors is species‐ and damage‐specific. By measuring Brassica, cucurbit, and tomato insect pest and disease damage across the growing season, we confirmed that the importance of factors varies with crop species and by damage type. Both local complexity factors (e.g., number of trees and shrubs) and landscape complexity (percent natural cover in the landscape) relate to lower incidence of herbivore and disease damage on some crops, supporting our prediction that habitat heterogeneity at both local and landscape scales lowers plant damage. Greater temperature variability related to higher disease damage on tomatoes linking microclimate factors to disease prevalence. Yet, local complexity factors also related to higher incidence of plant damage for other crop species, indicating variable species‐level impacts of local management factors on plant damage. By measuring the abundance of fungus‐feeding lady beetles (Psyllobora) on cucurbits, we confirmed a strong association between natural enemies and powdery mildew. We provide a case study on how changes in local to landscape‐scale factors relate to plant damage in urban agroecosystems and suggest how urban farmers and gardeners can apply this ecological knowledge to improve sustainable urban food production.
Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology Quality of Care Centres Programme: design and accreditation document
Authors: Seferović Petar M. , Piepoli Massimo F. , Lopatin Yuri , Jankowska Ewa , Polovina Marija , Anguita‐Sanchez Manuel , Störk Stefan , Lainščak Mitja , Miličić Davor , Milinković Ivan , Filippatos Gerasimos , Coats Andrew J.S. ,   in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association Board of the European Society of Cardiology
Published: March 2020

AbstractHeart failure (HF) is the major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Given its rising prevalence, the costs of HF care can be expected to increase. Multidisciplinary management of HF can improve quality of care and survival. However, specialized HF programmes are not widely available in most European countries. These circumstances underlie the suggestion of the Heart Failure Association (HFA)of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) for the development of quality of care centres (QCCs). These are defined as health care institutions that provide multidisciplinary HF management at all levels of care (primary, secondary and tertiary), are accredited by the HFA/ESC and are implemented into existing health care systems. Their major goals are to unify and improve the quality of HF care, and to promote collaboration in education and research activities. Three types of QCC are suggested: community QCCs (primary care facilities able to provide non‐invasive assessment and optimal therapy); specialized QCCs (district hospitals with intensive care units, able to provide cardiac catheterization and device implantation services), and advanced QCCs (national reference centres able to deliver advanced and innovative HF care and research). QCC accreditation will require compliance with general and specific HFA/ESC accreditation standards. General requirements include confirmation of the centre's existence, commitment to QCC implementation, and collaboration with other QCCs. Specific requirements include validation of the centre's level of care, service portfolio, facilities and equipment, management, human resources, process measures, quality indicators and outcome measures. Audit and recertification at 4–6‐year intervals are also required. The implementation of QCCs will evolve gradually, following a pilot phase in selected countries. The present document summarizes the definition, major goals, development, classification and crucial aspects of the accreditation process of the HFA/ESC QCC Programme.
Appropriate referral and selection of patients with chronic pain for spinal cord stimulation: European consensus recommendations and e‐health tool
Authors: Thomson Simon , Huygen Frank , Prangnell Simon , De Andrés José , Baranidharan Ganesan , Belaïd Hayat , Berry Neil , Billet Bart , Cooil Jan , De Carolis Giuliano , Demartini Laura , Eldabe Sam , Gatzinsky Kliment , Kallewaard Jan W. , Meier Kaare , Paroli Mery , Stark Angela , Winkelmüller Matthias , Stoevelaar Herman 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundSpinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an established treatment for chronic neuropathic, neuropathic‐like and ischaemic pain. However, the heterogeneity of patients in daily clinical practice makes it often challenging to determine which patients are eligible for this treatment, resulting in undesirable practice variations. This study aimed to establish patient‐specific recommendations for referral and selection of SCS in chronic pain.MethodsA multidisciplinary European panel used the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method (RUAM) to assess the appropriateness of (referral for) SCS for 386 clinical scenarios in four pain areas: chronic low back pain and/or leg pain, complex regional pain syndrome, neuropathic pain syndromes and ischaemic pain syndromes. In addition, the panel identified a set of psychosocial factors that are relevant to the decision for SCS treatment.ResultsAppropriateness of SCS was strongly determined by the neuropathic or neuropathic‐like pain component, location and spread of pain, anatomic abnormalities and previous response to therapies targeting pain processing (e.g. nerve block). Psychosocial factors considered relevant for SCS selection were as follows: lack of engagement, dysfunctional coping, unrealistic expectations, inadequate daily activity level, problematic social support, secondary gain, psychological distress and unwillingness to reduce high‐dose opioids. An educational e‐health tool was developed that combines clinical and psychosocial factors into an advice on referral/selection for SCS.ConclusionsThe RUAM was useful to establish a consensus on patient‐specific criteria for referral/selection for SCS in chronic pain. The e‐health tool may help physicians learn to apply an integrated approach of clinical and psychosocial factors.SignificanceDetermining the eligibility of SCS in patients with chronic pain requires careful consideration of a variety of clinical and psychosocial factors. Using a systematic approach to combine evidence from clinical studies and expert opinion, a multidisciplinary European expert panel developed detailed recommendations to support appropriate referral and selection for SCS in chronic pain. These recommendations are available as an educational e‐health tool (https://www.scstool.org/).
A new formulation for a code‐based vertical design spectrum
Authors: Kale Özkan , Akkar Sinan 
Published: March 2020

SummaryConsideration of vertical seismic design loads is important for long‐span structural systems, short‐period structures, and for some nonstructural components in the buildings. To this end, seismic design codes utilize alternative approaches to define vertical design spectrum at different levels of complexity: either as a fraction of horizontal design spectrum or using a separate functional form having features different than the horizontal spectrum. In all cases, a consistency between the horizontal and vertical design spectral ordinates is sought. In this paper, we consider a set of modern seismic design codes, horizontal and vertical ground‐motion datasets, as well as ground‐motion predictive models (GMPMs) to assess the accuracy of code‐based vertical design spectrum expressions. We compute horizontal and vertical spectra for different earthquake scenarios (magnitude‐distance‐soil condition combinations) from the selected horizontal and vertical GMPMs for comparisons with their code‐based (idealized) counterparts. Besides that, we study the vertical spectrum behavior from observed ground‐motion data. Our observations suggest that the vertical design spectrum formulations by current codes do not fully explain the actual vertical spectral acceleration trends. We discuss the possible reasons behind the misrepresentation of vertical spectrum by the current code approach and introduce our own expressions to compute horizontal spectrum consistent vertical design spectrum from a comprehensive simulated dataset of correlated vertical and horizontal spectral ordinates.
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Lipid Peroxidation in Aporrectodea caliginosa Earthworms Exposed to Silver Nanoparticles and Silver Nitrate in Spiked Soil
Authors: Saleeb Nadir , Robinson Brett , Cavanagh Jo , Ross James , Munir Kiran , Gooneratne Ravi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from industrial use, discharged via the land application of sewage sludge, are interacting with soil biota, including earthworms. In affected organisms, excessive production of reactive oxygen species can result in lipid peroxidation, shifting the balance between oxidants and antioxidants to cause oxidative stress. We determined selected lower-tier biomarkers such as antioxidant responses and lipid peroxidation in Aporrectodea caliginosa earthworms exposed to soils spiked with AgNPs or silver nitrate (AgNO3). Aporrectodea caliginosa were exposed to AgNPs at 0 (control), 0.3, 3, 30, and 300 mg/kg or Ag+ (as AgNO3) at 0, 0.03, 0.3, 3, and 10 mg/kg in soil for 4 wk. At 1, 2, 3, and 4 wk, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, as well as lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde content), increased as a function of concentration, with a much larger response for Ag+ than AgNPs. Given the likelihood of ever-increasing AgNP concentrations in soil, where AgNPs can transform to ionic Ag (Ag+), our findings of antioxidant response to oxidative stress in a common indicator organism even at an environmentally realistic exposure concentration of 0.03 mg/kg demonstrate that AgNPs may affect soil fertility and, thus, agricultural production. Evaluating selected lower-tier biomarkers offers a meaningful assessment of AgNPs and Ag+ effects on terrestrial earthworms. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1257–1266. © 2020 SETAC
In Situ Investigation of Performance Reference Compound-Based Estimates of PCB Equilibrated Passive Sampler Concentrations and Cfree in the Marine Water Column
Authors: Joyce Abigail S. , Fernandez Loretta A. , Burgess Robert M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Low-density polyethylene sheets are used as passive samplers for aquatic environmental monitoring to measure the freely dissolved concentration (Cfree) of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs). Freely dissolved HOCs in water will partition into the polyethylene until a thermodynamic equilibrium is achieved; that is, the HOC's activity in the passive sampler is the same as its activity in the surrounding environment. One way to evaluate the equilibrium status or estimate the uptake kinetics is by using performance reference compounds (PRCs). A fractional equilibrium (feq) can be determined for target HOCs, under the assumption that PRC desorption from the passive sampler occurs at the same rate as for the unlabeled target HOCs. However, few investigations have evaluated how effectively and accurately PRCs estimate target contaminant Cfree under in situ conditions. In the present study, polyethylene passive samplers were preloaded with 6 13C-labeled polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as PRCs; deployed in New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, USA; and collected after 30-, 56-, 99-, and 129-d deployments. Using this unique temporal sampling design, PRC results from each deployment were fit to a diffusion model to estimate the Cfree of 27 PCB congeners and compare the results between the different deployment times. Smaller PCBs had variable concentrations over the 4 deployments, whereas mid–molecular weight PCBs had consistent Cfree measurements for all deployments (relative standard deviation &lt;20%). High–molecular weight PCBs had the largest Cfree estimates after 30 d; these estimates and their standard deviations decreased with longer deployment times. These findings suggest that when targeting PCBs with more than 6 chlorines or contaminants with a log octanol–water partition coefficient ≥6.5, a deployment time longer than 30 d may be prudent. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1165–1173. © 2020 SETAC