bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative clinical study of the efficacy of intralesional MMR vaccine vs intralesional vitamin D injection in treatment of warts
Authors: Shaldoum Dalia R. , Hassan Ghada F. R. , El Maadawy Eman H. , El‐Maghraby Gamal M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMany therapeutic modalities were reported for the treatment of warts; however, no single treatment is completely effective.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of intralesional injection of MMR vaccine vs vitamin D in treatment of warts.Patients and MethodsA total of 60 patients were included in the study divided into two groups. Group A received intralesional MMR vaccine into largest wart, and group B received intralesional vitamin D3 into each lesion with maximum of five warts treated in one session. A maximum of six sessions was done every 3 weeks in both groups. Follow‐up was done for 6 months for any recurrence.ResultsIn group A: complete response in 80%, partial response in 6.67%, minimal response in 6.67%, and no response in 6.67% of patients. About 60% of patients with multiple warts showed complete clearance of distant untreated warts. In group B: complete response in 66.7%, partial response in 6.67%, minimal response in 20%, and no response in 6.67% of patients. There was no significant difference between both groups. No recurrence was observed in both groups in the follow‐up period.ConclusionsImmunotherapy by both intralesional MMR vaccine and vitamin D3 is simple, well‐tolerated, effective, and cost‐benefit modalities for the treatment of warts.
Randomized controlled trial comparing long‐pulsed 1064‐Nm neodymium: Yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet laser alone, topical amorolfine nail lacquer alone, and a combination for nondermatophyte onychomycosis treatment
Authors: Bunyaratavej Sumanas , Wanitphakdeedecha Rungsima , Ungaksornpairote Chanida , Kobwanthanakun Waritch , Chanyachailert Pattriya , Nokdhes Ya-Nin , Patthamalai Poramin , Tantrapornpong Ploypailin , Suphatsathienkul Panittra , Kiratiwongwan Rungsima , Limphoka Pichaya , Leeyaphan Charussri 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundStudies of the laser treatment of nondermatophyte mold (NDM) onychomycosis are limited. Long‐pulsed neodymium:yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet (Nd:YAG) 1064‐nm laser has been introduced as an adjuvant dermatophyte onychomycosis treatment.AimsTo investigate the efficacy and safety of long‐pulsed Nd:YAG 1064‐nm laser for NDM onychomycosis treatment, compared with topical amorolfine nail lacquer alone and a combination treatment.Patients/MethodsThis randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Nail Clinic, Siriraj Hospital. Patients diagnosed with NDM were included and randomly assigned to three treatment groups: laser at 1 month interval (1064‐nm Nd:YAG at a fluence of 35 J/cm2, pulse width 30 ms, and pulse rate 1.0 Hz); topical amorolfine nail lacquer alone; and a combination treatment.ResultsSixty patients completed the study. The patients treated with the laser, amorolfine, and the combination achieved mycological cure rates of 35%, 60%, and 65%, respectively (P = .05), while 10%, 30%, and 30% of the patients in the respective groups were clinically cured. The mean durations to the mycological cures in the patients treated with laser, amorolfine, and the combination were 5.9, 4.8, and 5.2 months, respectively. By comparison, the corresponding mean durations to the clinical cures were 6.9, 6.5, and 5.9 months. Both the times to the mycological cures and the clinical cures did not differ significantly between the groups (P = .290 and P = .309, respectively). There were no serious complications with the laser treatment.ConclusionsLaser alone achieved only a 30% mycological cure rate for NDM onychomycosis. The combination treatment yielded similar outcomes to the topical treatment alone.
Clinical Imaging for Diagnostic Challenges in the Management of Gliomas: A Review
Authors: Bonm Alipi V. , Ritterbusch Reed , Throckmorton Patrick , Graber Jerome J. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTNeuroimaging plays a critical role in the management of patients with gliomas. While conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains the standard imaging modality, it is frequently insufficient to inform clinical decision‐making. There is a need for noninvasive strategies for reliably distinguishing low‐grade from high‐grade gliomas, identifying important molecular features of glioma, choosing an appropriate target for biopsy, delineating target area for surgery or radiosurgery, and distinguishing tumor progression (TP) from pseudoprogression (PsP). One recent advance is the identification of the T2/fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery mismatch sign on standard MRI to identify isocitrate dehydrogenase mutant astrocytomas. However, to meet other challenges, neuro‐oncologists are increasingly turning to advanced imaging modalities. Diffusion‐weighted imaging modalities including diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion kurtosis imaging can be helpful in delineating tumor margins and better visualization of tissue architecture. Perfusion imaging including dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI using gadolinium or ferumoxytol contrast agents can be helpful for grading as well as distinguishing TP from PsP. Positron emission tomography is useful for measuring tumor metabolism, which correlates with grade and can distinguish TP/PsP in the right setting. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy can identify tissue by its chemical composition, can distinguish TP/PsP, and can identify molecular features like 2‐hydroxyglutarate. Finally, amide proton transfer imaging measures intracellular protein content, which can be used to identify tumor grade/progression and distinguish TP/PsP.
Understanding Posttreatment Patient‐Provider Communication and Follow‐Up Care Among Self‐Identified Rural Cancer Survivors in Illinois
Authors: Lewis‐Thames Marquita W. , Carnahan Leslie R. , James Aimee S. , Watson Karriem S. , Molina Yamilé 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeAs disparities in rural‐urban cancer survivorship rates continue to widen, optimizing patient‐provider communication regarding timely follow‐up care is a potential mechanism to improving survivorship‐related outcomes. The current study examines sociodemographic and health predictors of posttreatment patient‐provider communication and follow‐up care and associations between written communication and timely follow‐up care for cancer survivors who identify as rural.MethodsData were analyzed from posttreatment cancer survivor respondents of the Illinois Rural Cancer Assessment Study. The current study tested associations between sociodemographic variables and health factors on the quality of patient‐provider communication and timely posttreatment follow‐up care, defined as visits ≤ 3 months posttreatment, and associations between the receipt of written patient‐provider communication on timely posttreatment follow‐up care.ResultsAmong 90 self‐identified rural cancer survivors, respondents with annual incomes < $50,000 and ≤ High School diploma were more likely to report a high quality of posttreatment patient‐provider communication. Posttreatment written communication was reported by 62% of the respondents and 52% reported timely follow‐up visits during the first 3 years of posttreatment care. Patients who reported receiving written patient‐provider communication were more likely to have timely posttreatment follow‐up care after completing active treatment than patients who had not received written patient‐provider communication.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that written patient‐provider communication improved timely follow‐up care for self‐identified rural cancer survivors. This research supports policy and practice that recommend the receipt of written survivorship care plans. Implementation of written survivorship care recommendations has the potential to improve survivorship care for rural cancer survivors.
Measurement of preprandial and postprandial urine calcium to creatinine ratios in male Miniature Schnauzers with and without urolithiasis
Authors: Carr Susan V. , Grant David C. , DeMonaco Stefanie M. , Shepherd Megan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to identify a simple test for excessive calciuresis and predict calcium oxalate (CaOx) disease in Miniature Schnauzers. We investigated the impact of postprandial time on the urine calcium to creatinine ratio (UCa/Cr) in male dogs of this breed, with the goal of improving the utility of the UCa/Cr.Hypotheses(1) Significant differences will exist in preprandial and postprandial UCa/Cr between CaOx urolith‐forming and control Schnauzers. (2) The UCa/Cr will increase significantly from the first morning baseline at≥1 postprandial time point(s) in both control and CaOx urolith‐forming dogs. (3) Biochemical abnormalities and other variables may be associated with urolith status.AnimalsTwenty‐four male Miniature Schnauzer dogs, consisting of 9 with (urolith formers) and 15 without (controls) CaOx uroliths.MethodsUrine was collected before and 1, 2, 4, and 8 hours after feeding a standardized diet. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis was performed to identify the UCa/Cr cutoff that most accurately differentiates dogs based on urolith status.ResultsUrolith formers had significantly higher mean UCa/Cr over the course of 8 hours. The postprandial change in UCa/Cr was not significant at any time point between or within groups. The cutoff UCa/Cr value of 0.06 had a specificity of 93% (95% confidence interval [CI], 80%‐100%) and a sensitivity of 56% (95% CI, 21%‐86%) for identifying CaOx urolithiasis.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceUrolith‐forming male Miniature Schnauzers have excessive calciuresis, and the postprandial sampling time up to 8 hours is not critical. This simple urine measurement has potential as a marker of CaOx disease.
Accuracy of 3D virtual surgical planning for maxillary positioning and orientation in orthognathic surgery
Authors: Tonin Renata Hernandes , Iwaki Filho Liogi , Yamashita Amanda Lury , Ferraz Flávio Wellington da Silva , Tolentino Elen de Souza , Previdelli Isolde Terezinha dos Santos , Brum Beatriz , Iwaki Lilian Cristina Vessoni 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis retrospective and observational study evaluated the accuracy of a 3D virtual surgical planning (VSP) for the maxillary positioning and orientation in patients undergoing bimaxillary orthognathic surgery, comparing the planned and postoperative outcomes.Setting and Sample PopulationSeventy consecutive patients of both sexes, who were submitted to bimaxillary orthognathic surgery between 2015 and 2019 were included in our study.Material and MethodsThe patients were evaluated by fusing preoperative planning and postoperative outcome using cone‐beam computed tomography scan evaluation. Three‐dimensional VSP and postoperative outcomes were compared by using three linear and three angular measurements. The main outcome interest was the difference between the VSP movement, and the surgical movement obtained. The success criterion adopted was a mean linear difference of <2 mm and a mean angular difference of <4°.ResultsResults were analysed using a linear mixed model with fixed and random effects, at α = .05. No significant statistical differences were found for linear and angular measurements between the planned and postsurgical outcomes (P > .05). All overlapping points presented values within the range considered clinically irrelevant (<2 mm; <1°).ConclusionsThree‐dimensional VSP was executed with a high degree of accuracy. When comparing the planned and postsurgical outcomes, all overlapping points presented values within the range considered clinically irrelevant.
Reading in the presence of macular disease: a mini‐review
Authors: Chung Susana T L 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeReading is vital to full participation in modern society. To millions of people suffering from macular disease that results in a central scotoma, reading is difficult and inefficient, rendering reading as the primary goal for most patients seeking low vision rehabilitation. The goals of this review paper are to summarize the dependence of reading speed on several key visual and typographical factors and the current methods or technologies for improving reading performance for people with macular disease.Important findingsIn general, reading speed for people with macular disease depends on print size, text contrast, size of the visual span, temporal processing of letters and oculomotor control. Attempts at improving reading speed by reducing the crowding effect between letters, words or lines; or optimizing properties of typeface such as the presence of serifs or stroke‐width thickness proved to be futile, with any improvement being modest at best. Currently, the most promising method to improve reading speed for people with macular disease is training, including perceptual learning or oculomotor training.SummaryThe limitation on reading speed for people with macular disease is likely to be multi‐factorial. Future studies should try to understand how different factors interact to limit reading speed, and whether different methods could be combined to produce a much greater benefit.
Knee function through finite element analysis and the role of Miocene hominoids in our understanding of the origin of antipronograde behaviours: the Pierolapithecus catalaunicus patella as a case study
Authors: Pina Marta , DeMiguel Daniel , Puigvert Francesc , Marcé‐Nogué Jordi , Moyà‐Solà Salvador 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAlthough extensive research has been carried out in recent years on the origin and evolution of human bipedalism, a full understanding of this question is far from settled. Miocene hominoids are key to a better understanding of the locomotor types observed in living apes and humans. Pierolapithecus catalaunicus, an extinct stem great ape from the middle Miocene (c. 12.0 Ma) of the Vallès‐Penedès Basin (north‐eastern Iberian Peninsula), is the first undoubted hominoid with an orthograde (erect) body plan. Its locomotor repertoire included above‐branch quadrupedalism and other antipronograde behaviours. Elucidating the adaptive features present in the Pierolapithecus skeleton and its associated biomechanics helps us to better understand the origin of hominoid orthogrady. This work represents a new biomechanical perspective on Pierolapithecus locomotion, by studying its patella and comparing it with those drawn from a large sample of extant anthropoids. This is the first time that the biomechanical patellar performance in living non‐human anthropoids and a stem hominid has been studied using finite element analysis (FEA). Differences in stress distribution are found depending on body plan and the presence/absence of a distal apex, probably due to dissimilar biomechanical performances. Pierolapithecus’ biomechanical response mainly resembles that of great apes, suggesting a similar knee joint use in mechanical terms. These results underpin previous studies on Pierolapithecus, favouring the idea that a relevant degree of some antipronograde behaviour may have made up part of its locomotor repertoire. Moreover, our results corroborate the presence of modern great ape‐like knee biomechanical performances back in the Miocene.
Genome‐wide analysis of epigenetic and transcriptional changes associated with heterosis in pigeonpea
Authors: Sinha Pallavi , Singh Vikas K. , Saxena Rachit K. , Kale Sandip M. , Li Yuqi , Garg Vanika , Meifang Tang , Khan Aamir W. , Kim Kyung Do , Chitikineni Annapurna , Saxena K. B. , Sameer Kumar C. V. , Liu Xin , Xu Xun , Jackson Scott , Powell Wayne , Nevo Eviatar , Searle Iain R. , Lodha Mukesh , Varshney Rajeev K. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryHybrids are extensively used in agriculture to deliver an increase in yield, yet the molecular basis of heterosis is not well understood. Global DNA methylation analysis, transcriptome analysis and small RNA profiling were aimed to understand the epigenetic effect of the changes in gene expression level in the two hybrids and their parental lines. Increased DNA methylation was observed in both the hybrids as compared to their parents. This increased DNA methylation in hybrids showed that majority of the 24‐nt siRNA clusters had higher expression in hybrids than the parents. Transcriptome analysis revealed that various phytohormones (auxin and salicylic acid) responsive hybrid‐MPV DEGs were significantly altered in both the hybrids in comparison to MPV. DEGs associated with plant immunity and growth were overexpressed whereas DEGs associated with basal defence level were repressed. This antagonistic patterns of gene expression might contribute to the greater growth of the hybrids. It was also noticed that some common as well as unique changes in the regulatory pathways were associated with heterotic growth in both the hybrids. Approximately 70% and 67% of down‐regulated hybrid‐MPV DEGs were found to be differentially methylated in ICPH 2671 and ICPH 2740 hybrid, respectively. This reflected the association of epigenetic regulation in altered gene expressions. Our findings also revealed that miRNAs might play important roles in hybrid vigour in both the hybrids by regulating their target genes, especially in controlling plant growth and development, defence and stress response pathways. The above finding provides an insight into the molecular mechanism of pigeonpea heterosis.
Pathogenesis of a variant in the 5′ untranslated region of ADAR1 in dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria
Authors: Suganuma Mutsumi , Kono Michihiro , Yamanaka Masayoshi , Akiyama Masashi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH) is a pigmentary genodermatosis caused by mutations in ADAR1. In this study, we performed mutation analysis on a family that included typical DSH patients. No mutations were found in any coding regions or exon–intron boundary regions of ADAR1, but a previously unreported non‐coding heterozygous variant, c.‐60A>G, was found in the 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR) of ADAR1 in the proband and her mother. The function of 5′UTR in mRNA is not well‐understood. To understand the pathogenesis of the variant and the function of the 5′UTR of ADAR1, we constructed two reporter genes carrying the ADAR1 5′UTR sequence with/without the variant between the PGK promoter and a luciferase coding sequence, and performed luciferase assays, semi‐quantitative PCR analyses, and polysomal assays. In human melanocytes, c.‐60A>G induced a 16% reduction in transcription and a 51% reduction in translation. Our results indicate that the 5′UTR c.‐60A>G variant adversely affects the post‐transcriptional step in gene expression, leading to DSH. Detailed functional assays of the 5′UTR of ADAR1 in the present study revealed the gene expression to be not only downregulated, but also upregulated by defects in 5′UTR depending on the locations. The regulation of translation by 5′UTR is very complicated.
Tran Duc Thao: Politics and truth
Authors: Ford Russell 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Vietnamese philosopher Tran Duc Thao exerted an important influence over the development of 20th century French philosophy. In articles that stretched across the 1940s, Thao sought to employ the concrete insights of Marxism and dialectical materialism in order to correct and critique the dominant philosophical programs of phenomenology and existentialism. Thao's pervasive concern was the determination of a basis for truthful action. In two essays—one taken from the beginning of his professional career, the other from near its end—this concern is clearly displayed. A member of the General Delegation of Indochina advocating for an end to French colonial rule, Thao's philosophical work is always undergirded by his political engagement. At the same time, his philosophical work seeks to demonstrate that his political activity is truthful, not merely partisan.
Effect of olive‐derived antioxidants (3,4‐dihydroxyphenylethanol and 3,4 dihydroxyphenylglycol) on sperm motility and fertility in liquid ram sperm stored at 15°C or 5°C
Authors: Arando Ander , Delgado Juan Vicente , Bermúdez‐Oria Alejandra , León José Manuel , Fernández‐Prior África , Nogales Sergio , Pérez‐Marín Carlos C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of two olive oil‐derived antioxidants, hydroxytyrosol (3,4‐dihydroxyphenylethanol, HT) and 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG), on ovine semen during liquid storage at 5°C and 15°C. Semen was collected, pooled, diluted and then divided into aliquots supplemented with different concentrations (5 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml) of HT, DHPG and a mixture (MIX) of both antioxidants. Sperm motility characteristics were assessed in the different samples at 0, 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr after cooling, and a fertility trial was also conducted. The results showed that the antioxidant addition did not significantly improve total and progressive motility in ovine cooled sperm maintained at 15° or 5°C. However, in samples stored at 5°C, LIN (48, 72, 96 hr), STR (0 hr) and WOB (0, 48, 72, 96 hr) values significantly decreased in comparison with control treatment when high antioxidant concentrations were added (MIX100 or HT100). When samples were maintained at 15°C, MIX50 showed significantly higher VCL values than the control treatment after 6 hr cooling, and MIX100 showed significantly lower VCL values at 96 hr after cooling. According to the artificial insemination trial, no significant differences were observed when antioxidants were added. In conclusion, the use of HT and DHPG showed small impact in sperm motility and fertility was not affected (nor detrimentally nor positively) when insemination was carried out using antioxidant‐supplemented liquid sperm.
Uniform asymptotics and zeros of the associated Pollaczek polynomials
Authors: Huang Xiao‐Min , Wong R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractUsing a difference‐equation method in a previous paper, we study the associated Pollaczek polynomials defined by a three‐term recurrence relation. Two asymptotic approximations are derived for these polynomials; one holds for with and , and the other holds for with t in a neighborhood of . An asymptotic formula is also provided for their largest zeros.
Optimal control of dengue epidemic outbreaks under limited resources
Authors: Sepulveda‐Salcedo Lilian Sofia , Vasilieva Olga , Svinin Mikhail 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we reflect upon control intervention practices habitually exerted by healthcare authorities in tropical areas that suffer from incidental outbreaks of dengue fever, in particular, the city of Cali, Colombia. Such control interventions, principally based on the insecticide spraying, are carried out sporadically in order to overcome an ongoing epidemic or at least to reduce its size. It is worth pointing out that control actions of this type do not usually account for sufficient budget because epidemic outbreaks are difficult to predict. In practical terms, these occasional control interventions are performed by spraying, as quickly as possible, all existing stock of insecticide (regardless of its lethality) and employing all available manpower. The goal of this paper is to design better strategies for insecticide‐based control actions, which are capable of preventing more human infections at no additional cost, and to reveal the obsolescence of current vector eradication practices. Our approach relies on dynamic optimization, where the number of averted human infections is maximized under budget constraint and subject to a simple dengue transmission model amended with one control variable that stands for the insecticide spraying. As a result, we obtain structurally robust control intervention policies that demonstrate better performance and higher resilience to possible budget limitations than traditional modus operandi.