bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Der Doppelsuizid – Teil 1: juristische Aspekte und historische/zeitgeschichtliche Fälle
Authors: Deschins J. , Holz F. , Duttge G. , Verhoff M. A. , Parzeller M. 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungBei Suizidformen mit mehreren Suizidenten und Opfern werden teilweise in Literatur und Rechtsprechung eine unterschiedliche Nomenklatur und Interpretation der Begrifflichkeiten vorgenommen. Der Beitrag analysiert die Begrifflichkeiten und befasst sich im Speziellen mit dem Phänomen des Doppelsuizids. Historische Fälle von Doppelsuiziden werden angeführt. Anhand von Fallkonstellationen werden rechtliche Bewertungen vorgenommen, die beim einseitig fehlgeschlagenen Doppelsuizid praxisrelevant werden können. Dabei werden die mitunter konträren Auffassungen in der einschlägigen Literatur und der Rechtsprechung dargestellt und Lösungsansätze aufgezeigt. Zudem verdeutlichen die Fallkonstellationen die Relevanz einer umfassenden Tatortarbeit und einer tatnahen Klärung der Motivationslage bei dem Überlebenden bzw. den Verstorbenen.
An evaluation of a virtual atlas of portion sizes (VAPS) mobile augmented reality for portion size estimation
Authors: Lam Meng Chun , Suwadi Nur Afyfah , Mohd Zainul Arifien Adibah Huda , Poh Bee Koon , Safii Nik Shanita , Wong Jyh Eiin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFood portion size estimation is a critical yet challenging task in dietary assessment. Augmented reality technology enables the presentation of food dimensions and volume in a virtual three-dimensional object. It has the potential to improve perception and estimation of portion sizes. This study aims to develop and evaluate a novel mobile augmented reality application, namely Virtual Atlas of Portion Sizes (VAPS), as a portion size estimation aid. The development methodology of VAPS involves food photography, reconstruction of 3D models using photogrammetry method and presenting them in an AR environment. The 3D food models displayed in either semi-transparent or vivid mode for users to perform food portion estimation. Users can then resize and rotate the 3D models to fit the virtual model with the actual food. A total of thirty-six participants were involved in the evaluation and were divided into a health science and a non-health science background group. VAPS received good usability level with 76 SUS score. In terms of task completion time, unsurprisingly, the health science group performed faster. However, both groups have equivalent accuracy on the food portion estimation task using VAPS: 22.5% for non-health science group and 26.6% for health science group. The health science group liked and have better accuracy in vivid 3D food models (37.5%). Meanwhile, the non-health science group preferred semi-transparent 3D food models, but the accuracy is not significantly different between semi-transparent (25%) and vivid 3D food model (20%). Results demonstrate the potential of VAPS to aid in portion size estimation for dietary assessment, and participants’ feedback will be incorporated in the future for improvement of the app.
Quantifying the Backlog of Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Cases: Predicting the Impact of COVID-19
Authors: Wilson Jacob M. , Schwartz Andrew M. , Farley Kevin X. , Roberson James R. , Bradbury Thomas L. , Guild George N. 
Published: November 2020

Background Total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are two high-volume procedures that were delayed due to COVID-19. Questions/Purposes To help strategize an effective return to elective orthopedic surgery, we aimed to quantify the volume of THA and TKA cases delayed across the USA and estimate the time required to care for these patients when non-urgent surgery resumes. Methods Population-level data was used to estimate monthly THA and TKA procedural volume from 2011 to 2017. Using linear regression, we used this data to project monthly procedural volumes for 2020 to 2023. Nine different permutations were modeled to account for variations in case delay rates (50%, 75%, 100%) and in resumption of non-urgent procedure timing. Two recovery pathways using the highest volume month as a surrogate for maximum operative capacity, and a second using the highest month + 20% were used to simulate a theoretical expansion of current capacity. Results The projected national volume of delayed cases was 155,293 (mid-March through April; 95% CI 142,004 to 168,580), 260,806 (through May; 95% CI 238,658 to 282,952), and 372,706 (through June; 95% CI 341,699 to 403,709). The best- and worst-case scenarios for delayed cases were 77,646 (95% CI 71,002 to 84,290) and 372,706 (95% CI 341,699 to 403,709), respectively. The projected catch-up time varied between 9 and nearly 35 months for the best- and worst-case scenarios. The addition of 20% increased productivity decreased this time to between 3.21 and 11.59 months. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a significant backlog of THA and TKA procedures. Surgeons, administrators, and policymakers should account for these modeled estimates of case volume delays and projected demands.
Transformation of Surface Roughness of Mg Alloy Tubes During Laser Dieless Drawing
Authors: Milenin Andrij , Furushima Tsuyoshi , Němeček Jiří 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe paper investigates the transformation of surface roughness of tubes made from magnesium and magnesium alloys as a function of their longitudinal strain during laser dieless drawing. Experimental studies on three materials (AZ31, MgCa08, and pure Mg) have shown that the dependence of roughness on the longitudinal strain is nonlinear and exhibits a minimum. The proposed explanation for this is that the transformation of surface roughness occurs following two mechanisms. The first mechanism involves stretching of the tube and the decreasing of existing roughness with the increasing elongation. The second mechanism is based on the strain-induced surface roughening phenomenon. This mechanism leads to an increase in roughness with the increasing elongation. To analyze these mechanisms, a numerical model of roughness formation is used. It is experimentally shown that the position of the minimum roughness concerning the tube longitudinal strain is correlated with the stress-strain curve of the material under laser dieless drawing conditions. The obtained results provide a practical way to reduce surface roughness of tubes produced by the laser dieless drawing process. According to the proposed method, to achieve minimum roughness, it is necessary to keep the longitudinal strain under a specific value. This value is close to the strain, which corresponds to the maximum stress on the stress-strain curve of the material for temperature and strain rate, corresponding laser dieless drawing conditions.
Hydrocarbon generation from Carboniferous-Permian coaly source rocks in the Huanghua depression under different geological processes
Authors: Xu Jin-Jun , Jin Qiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNatural gas and condensate derived from Carboniferous-Permian (C-P) coaly source rocks discovered in the Dagang Oilfield in the Bohai Bay Basin (east China) have important implications for the potential exploration of C-P coaly source rocks. This study analyzed the secondary, tertiary, and dynamic characteristics of hydrocarbon generation in order to predict the hydrocarbon potentials of different exploration areas in the Dagang Oilfield. The results indicated that C-P oil and gas were generated from coaly source rocks by secondary or tertiary hydrocarbon generation and characterized by notably different hydrocarbon products and generation dynamics. Secondary hydrocarbon generation was completed when the maturity reached vitrinite reflectance (Ro) of 0.7%–0.9% before uplift prior to the Eocene. Tertiary hydrocarbon generation from the source rocks was limited in deep buried sags in the Oligocene, where the products consisted of light oil and gas. The activation energies for secondary and tertiary hydrocarbon generation were 260–280 kJ/mol and 300–330 kJ/mol, respectively, indicating that each instance of hydrocarbon generation required higher temperature or deeper burial than the previous instance. Locations with secondary or tertiary hydrocarbon generation from C-P coaly source rocks were interpreted as potential oil and gas exploration regions.
Subtle Oculomotor Difficulties and Their Relation to Motor Skill in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Sumner Emma , Hutton Samuel B. , Hill Elisabeth L. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Sensorimotor difficulties are often reported in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Visual and motor skills are linked in that the processing of visual information can help in guiding motor movements. The present study investigated oculomotor skill and its relation to general motor skill in ASD by providing a comprehensive assessment of oculomotor control.

Methods
Fifty children (25 ASD; 25 typically developing [TD]), aged 7–10 years, completed a motor assessment (comprising fine and gross motor tasks) and oculomotor battery (comprising fixation, smooth pursuit, prosaccade and antisaccade tasks).

Results
No group differences were found for antisaccade errors, nor saccade latencies in prosaccade and antisaccade tasks, but increased saccade amplitude variability was observed in children with ASD, suggesting a reduced consistency in saccade accuracy. Children with ASD also demonstrated poorer fixation stability than their peers and spent less time in pursuit of a moving target. Motor skill was not correlated with saccade amplitude variability. However, regression analyses revealed that motor skill (and not diagnosis) accounted for variance in fixation performance and fast smooth pursuit.

Conclusions
The findings highlight the importance of considering oculomotor paradigms to inform the functional impact of neuropathologies in ASD and also assessing the presentation of co-occurring difficulties to further our understanding of ASD. Avenues for future research are suggested.
Comparative Genome Analysis of Scutellaria Baicalensis and Scutellaria Barbata Reveals the Evolution of Active Flavonoid Biosynthesis
Authors: Xu Zhichao , Gao Ranran , Pu Xiangdong , Xu Rong , Wang Jiyong , Zheng Sihao , Zeng Yan , Chen Jun , He Chunnian , Song Jingyuan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Scutellaria baicalensis (S. baicalensis) and Scutellaria barbata (S. barbata) are common medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae family. Both produce specific flavonoid compounds, including baicalein, scutellarein, norwogonin, and wogonin, as well as their glycosides, which exhibit antioxidant and antitumor activities. Here, we report chromosome-level genome assemblies of S. baicalensis and S. barbata with quantitative chromosomal variation (2n = 18 and 2n = 26, respectively). The divergence of S. baicalensis and S. barbata occurred far earlier than previously reported, and a whole-genome duplication (WGD) event was identified. The insertion of long terminal repeat elements after speciation might be responsible for the observed chromosomal expansion and rearrangement. Comparative genome analysis of the congeneric species revealed the species-specific evolution of chrysin and apigenin biosynthetic genes, such as the S. baicalensis-specific tandem duplication of genes encoding phenylalanine ammonia lyase and chalcone synthase, and the S. barbata-specific duplication of genes encoding 4-CoA ligase. In addition, the paralogous duplication, colinearity, and expression diversity of CYP82D subfamily members revealed the functional divergence of genes encoding flavone hydroxylase between S. baicalensis and S. barbata. Analyzing these Scutellaria genomes reveals the common and species-specific evolution of flavone biosynthetic genes. Thus, these findings would facilitate the development of molecular breeding and studies of biosynthesis and regulation of bioactive compounds.
Repair of anal stenosis using a prolapse and hemorrhoids (PPH) stapler procedure: A case report with excellent results
Authors: Warsinggih  , Dani Iwan M. , Kusuma Ihwan M. , Labeda Ibrahim , Uwuratuw Julianus Aboyaman , Faruk Muhammad 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Anal stenosis post stapled hemorrhoidectomy is a rare but serious complication of anorectal surgery. Stenosis is uncomfortable, where there is a narrowing of the anal canal. A loose fibrous tissue replaces healthy tissue due to stapler manipulations, causing pain at the time of defecation.

Presentation of case:
Here, we report the case of a 67-year-old male patient complaining of difficulties and pain when defecating. There was a history of stapler hemorrhoidectomy for 4th-grade hemorrhoids. On investigation, we found 3rd-degree anal stenosis. We performed repair of anal stenosis using a PPH Stapler No. 33. Defecation had improved by the fifth-day post-repair.

Conclusion:
The PPH Stapler technique has the potential to be a promising procedure to treat anal stenosis.

Highlights:
A cross-sectional study on the postoperative analgesic-associated side effects and clinical parameters following partial mastectomy
Authors: Alizadeh Reza , Aghsaeifard Ziba , Alavi Nasrin , Abbasvandi Fereshteh , Khanigarabadi Ali 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTBackground:Lumpectomy (partial mastectomy) is associated with a severe postoperative pain that can lead to chronic pain. The use of analgesia is common for this pain management, however, can impose a number of side effects.Objective:The aim of this study is to evaluate side effects following postoperative analgesia use and the impact of clinical factors among partial mastectomy patients.Method:This cross-sectional study was conducted at (XXX) center for breast cancer that included patients undergoing lumpectomy. Following the surgery, patients were given morphine 1 mg/ml with 50 mg diclofenac at every 8-h for 3 days for the management of pain. The visual analogue scale was used to measure pain. Postoperative nausea and vomiting, dizziness and vertigo was evaluated in these patients. The effects of these events on pulse rate, blood pressure and incision size were then analyzed using standard package in R software.Result:Of 136 partial mastectomy patients, an average of 41% of the patients were presented with nausea and vertigo, respectively, 9% had dizziness and 29% had vomiting. The results from our study indicated that clinical parameters (blood pressure, pulse rate and incision size) were not significantly associated with postoperative pain and dizziness p > 0.1. However, blood pressure and pulse are significantly associated with postoperative nausea and vertigo.Conclusion:The findings from our study indicate that hemodynamic variations are likely to be associated with analgesia-associated side effects. Future studies involving other parameters and risk factors can provide detailed outcomes.Highlights:
The Cosmos in Ancient Greek Religious Experience
Authors: Boutsikas Efrosyni 
Published: November 2020

In this book, Efrosyni Boutsikas examines ancient Greek religious performances, intricately orchestrated displays comprising topography, architecture, space, cult, and myth. These various elements were unified in a way that integrated the body within cosmic space and made the sacred extraordinary. Boutsikas also explores how natural light or the night-sky may have assisted in intensifying the experience of these rituals, and how they may have determined ancient perceptions of the cosmos. The author's digital and virtual reconstructions of ancient skyscapes and religious structures during such occurrences unveil a deeper understanding of the importance of time and place in religious experience. Boutsikas shows how they shaped emotions, cosmological beliefs, and ritual memory of the participants. Her study revolutionises our understanding on ancient emotionality and cognitive experience, demonstrating how Greek religious spaces were vibrant arenas of a shared experience of the cosmos.
Strategic testing plan for ambulatory surgery centers after the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Naidu Ramana , Sheth Samir , Chaturvedi Rahul , Chakravarthy Krishnan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAs the curve continues to flatten during the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, and more physicians resume outpatient clinical work, the question arises of how to ensure the safety of the patients and staff while performing cases. Many institutions and health-care offices have turned to screening questionnaires to determine the likelihood of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positivity. However, screening questionnaires are woefully inadequate as studies have shown that roughly 6.4% to 50% of patients may spread this virus without any symptoms. In this study, we have outlined a proposal to restart elective procedures after the curve has flattened in a certain locale, particularly for ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs). Until additional data are collected for specific sensitivity and specificity values for PCR testing, we recommend performing 2 consecutive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests to minimize false negative rates. The algorithm described in this study can help ASCs begin their practices and provide local public health officials with valuable data that can help establish true sensitivity and specificity rates for these tests.
A Swift and Dynamic Strategy to Expand Emergency Department Capacity for COVID-19
Authors: Barten Dennis G. , Kusters Renske W.J. , Peters Nathalie A.L.R. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEmergency departments (EDs) worldwide struggled to prepare for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient surge and to simultaneously preserve sufficient capacity for “regular” emergency care. While many hospitals used costly shelter facilities, it was decided to merge the acute medical unit (AMU) and the ED. The conjoined AMU-ED was segregated into a high-risk and a low-risk area to maintain continuity of emergency care. This strategy allowed for a feasible, swift, and dynamic expansion of ED capacity without the need for external tent facilities. This report details on the technical execution and discusses the pearls and potential pitfalls of this expansion strategy. Although ED preparedness for pandemics may be determined by local factors, such as hospital size, ED census, and primary health-care efficacy, the conjoined AMU-ED strategy may be a potential model for other EDs.
The effects of surgery on plasma/serum vitamin C concentrations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Travica N. , Ried K. , Hudson I. , Scholey A. , Pipingas A. , Sali A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractVitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a water-soluble vitamin with an array of biological functions. A number of proposed factors contribute to the vitamin’s plasma bioavailability and ability to exert optimal functionality. The aim of this review was to systematically assess plasma vitamin C levels post-surgery compared with pre-surgery/the magnitude and time frame of potential changes in concentration. We searched the PUBMED, SCOPUS, SciSearch and the Cochrane Library databases between 1970 and April 2020 for relevant research papers. Prospective studies, control groups and true placebo groups derived from controlled trials that reported means and standard deviations of plasma vitamin C concentrations pre- and postoperatively were included into the meta-analysis. Data were grouped into short-term (≤7 d) and long-term (>7 d) postoperative follow-up. Twenty-three of thirty-one studies involving 642 patients included in the systematic review were suitable for meta-analysis. Pooled data from the meta-analysis revealed a mean depletion of plasma vitamin C concentration of −17·99 µmol/l (39 % depletion) (CI −22·81, −13·17) (trial arms = 25, n 565, P < 0·001) during the first postoperative week and −18·80 µmol/l (21 % depletion) (CI −25·04, −12·56) (trial arms = 6, n 166, P < 0·001) 2–3 months postoperatively. Subgroup analyses revealed that these depletions occurred following different types of surgery; however, high heterogeneity was observed amongst trials assessing concentration change during the first postoperative week. Overall, our results warrant larger, long-term investigations of changes in postoperative plasma vitamin C concentrations and their potential effects on clinical symptomology.
Assessing Three Elements of “Canadian” International Relations
Authors: Murphy Michael P. A. , Heffernan Andrew 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis research note addresses the ongoing debate over the existence of a “Canadian” International Relations (IR) by interrogating the university setting, the professoriate and important institutions of IR in the Canadian context. We not only contribute an update to the data but also enrol a larger number of Canadian universities and a wider sample of journals and conferences. Our analysis is structured around three existing groupings of institutions: the three most “Americanized” departments (the BMT)—University of British Columbia, McGill University and University of Toronto; the four most “critical” departments (the Four Nodes)—McMaster University, University of Ottawa, University of Victoria and York University; and the four largest French-language institutions (the FLIs)—Université de Montréal, Université du Québec à Montréal, Université Laval and Université de Sherbrooke. The characteristic openness often taken to define IR in Canada is more often found at the Four Nodes, the FLIs or unclassified schools than at the BMT schools, which are not only more Americanized in training but also isolated from other Canadian institutions.
Effect of environmental factors on survival and population growth of ciliated parasite,Mesanophryssp. (Ciliophora: Scuticociliatia) infectingPortunus trituberculatus
Authors: Perveen Summia , Lei Yuhua , Yin Fei , Wang Chunlin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMesanophryssp. is a newly identified parasitic ciliate infecting farmed swimming crab. To demonstrate the correlation between parasite development and environmental conditions, this study aimed to investigate the effect of temperature, salinity, pH and frequency of passage of parasite on survival, growth and body size ofMesanophryssp.in vitro. The results revealed that survival, population density and growth rate of the parasite were highest at 12°C and decreased with increasing temperature from 16 to 26°C. In addition, the survival, population density and growth rate ofMesanophryssp. were high at 20‰. When salinity was adjusted to levels lower (0–10‰) and higher (40–60‰) than 20‰, the parasite's survival and growth rate gradually declined. The optimal pH for parasite survival was 8.0, whereas its survival was inhibited at <4.5 or >9.5. Our result also showed that parasite body proportions (length:width) were significantly smaller at the highest temperature compared to the lower temperature, whereas different salinities had no significant effect. Furthermore, we introduced dynamic parasite culture systemsin vitrowhereMesanophryssp. was cultured in medium-containing culture plates through continually reducing and halving the old medium into fresh. Application of this optimized dilution timing technique with fresh medium and sub-cultured enabled a continuous culture of parasites. Under this optimized condition, the highest population density and exponential growth rate of the parasite were achieved than that of a control group. This study will help to understand the ciliated parasite infection dynamics and provides new possibilities forin vitroparasite-associated studies.