bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Broadway in the Box
Authors: Kessler Kelly 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Broadway in the Box shines a television-centric light on the cross-industry presence of a seminal American art form. Over seven chapters, it works to unearth, explore, and analyze pockets of over seventy years of television programming that have embraced, nodded toward, and satirized the American musical in its various forms. This concentrated exploration of the genre across American television allows for an explication of America’s shifting and at times wavering feelings toward the musical, its songs, and its stars. Further, examining these texts alongside constantly changing and at times intersecting entertainment industries uncovers forms of symbiosis and synergy that linked the cultural and economic futures of the musical across platforms. In the end, Mitzi Gaynor titillating America in a revealing and bejeweled Bob Mackie dress was not just the seventies being the seventies, but a single event reflecting a larger confluence of Broadway, film, Vegas, ratings, genre, and programming trends within a specific television model. Perhaps in a style similar to various Broadway and film retrospectives, Broadway in the Box takes individual events and brings them together to craft a larger commentary on American entertainments, economics, and industries. Broadway has always been in the box; someone just needed to plug it in to see what was on.
“You Know, Carol, Comedy Variety’s a Man’s Game”
Authors: Kessler Kelly 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
By the mid-sixties, dames of the Broadway and film musical were taking their much-deserved bows as variety’s small-screen headliners, but why? Changes were surely occurring everywhere: the small screen, the Broadway stage, the form of the musical book, and in the American culture at large. This chapter contextualizes the rise of crossover stars like Carol Burnett, Carol Channing, Pearl Bailey, Barbra Streisand, Liza Minnelli, and Leslie Uggams, and positions their ascent within larger theatrical, televisual, and cultural contexts. It asks how they and their television appearances differ from the less prominent women of the earlier television era and how changes occurring in Shubert Alley and Hollywood helped to open up this space for the dames of Broadway. Ultimately this chapter addresses why and how television welcomed these divas and how this new embrace spoke to earlier and emergent norms of American popular culture, the musical, and a maturing television industry.
Primetime Goes Hammerstein
Authors: Kessler Kelly 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This chapter explores shifts in television’s industrial landscape, examining how stylistic, technical, and viewer-based shifts opened up new spaces that encouraged the production of one-off musical episodes in otherwise straight fictional television series. A look across performance platforms illustrates how simultaneous changes that occurred in story types and methods of storytelling in stage and screen musicals of the1990s and the first decade of the 2000s dovetailed with emergent norms within the struggling post-network television landscape. Increasingly porous acting pools, the cross-platform entrenchment of self-aware stories and narrative styles, and a drive toward niche audiences helped create a late-millennium perfect storm that ushered in a new formally complex marriage of the musical and television. This chapter concludes with a close analysis of Grey’s Anatomy’s season seven musical episode, “The Song Beneath the Song,” highlighting its embodiment of television’s embrace of emergent cross-platform norms of musical performance, post-network narrative style, and contemporary target marketing.
Basta!: Anti-System Politics in Italy
Authors: Hopkin Jonathan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines the evolution of anti-system politics in Italy. The Italian case has all the familiar ingredients of an anti-system revolt: a severe economic crisis, high levels of inequality, and an unresponsive and discredited political system. However, the form anti-system politics took differed from the rest of the South in intriguing ways. Italy differed from Greece, Spain, and Portugal in lacking a strong anti-austerity movement that could have acted as a focal point for a left alternative. The other exception of the Italian case is the strength of the anti-system Right. Italy experienced a sharp rise in migration, as well as having to manage the refugee crisis in the Mediterranean. Migration may have mobilized some voters, but the failings of the established parties to address a serious economic crisis offers a powerful explanation of the collapse of Italy’s party system, just as it did in the early 1990s.
The Novel of Its Times
Authors: Speight C. Allen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines how the theme of Bildung so central to Goethe’s Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeship is bound up with a set of issues involving the relation between life and literature—the concerns philosophers and literary theorists have explored in light of famous problems of fictionality and theatricality, as well as more widely in terms of how artistic irony is engaged with the world itself and what sorts of strategies of narrative revision might be required for that engagement (as Goethe himself, attached to the themes and central character of his novel for more than five decades, clearly thought).
Going On
Authors: Müller-Sievers Helmut 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This essay investigates the philosophical commitments and the editorial means by which Goethe achieves the impression of narrative continuity in Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre. Proceeding from a consideration of continuity as a foundational philosophical and aesthetic problem, Goethe’s striking decisions to establish and manage divisions in the novel’s text appear as concerted attempts to move the sources of continuity into the intradiegetic domain. The interlacing of various levels of interruption—between chapters, books, and volumes—creates a poetics of caesurae that helps explain the overwhelming impression of natural growth created by the first edition of the novel. A look back on the Lehrjahre from the perspective of Wilhelm Meisters Wanderjahre and its scathing indictment of serialized publications further illuminates the interplay of philosophical, narratological, and editorial factors in the creation of the paradigmatic Bildungsroman.
Mesoamerica
Authors: Carballo David M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A deep history of Mesoamerica traces how the transition from nomadic foragers to settled farmers of maize and other crops resulted in the first villages, unifying art styles, and later cities, states, and empires. Cultures such as the Olmecs, Mayas, Teotihuacanos, and Toltecs preceded the Aztecs, who incorporated elements of all of them, particularly the last two from the same region of central Mexico. This chapter examines millennia of Mesoamerican history known through archaeology, the history of art, and epigraphic study of the few extant Native texts from the pre-Hispanic era. It explores how Mesoamericans first cultivated maize and other crops to establish an agricultural base somewhat familiar to readers as Mexican and Central American cuisine; the development of the earliest team sports involving rubber balls; urbanization into populous cities featuring pyramidal temple complexes; the invention of hieroglyphic scripts and the concept of zero before it existed in Europe; and the political rise and collapse of successive civilizations prior to the Aztecs.
Toward a Synthetic Framework
Authors: Liu Jun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In line with the existing scholarship that underlines the relevance of communication, this chapter outlines a framework that integrates knowledge from the fields of communication studies, sociology, and political science and that centralizes and sensitizes communication enabling an interrogation of contentious collective action and, not least, the possible influence from ICTs. Without a scrutiny of the various forms of communication and metacommunication in contention, I specify, it would be hard to rationalize the relevance of digital communication technologies in contentious collective action. Issues of methodology are also discussed in Chapter 2.
Conclusion
Authors: Liu Jun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This chapter summarizes the implication of the embedding of mobile communication into politics in contemporary China. The political relevance of mobile technologies relies not just on their capacity for providing affordable communication to human agency and generating new mediated visibility, but the relevance of these devices also relies on their capacity to carve out new opportunities for political action, to accumulate social resources as mobilizing structures against authoritarianism, and to shape people’s perception of their (potential) political agency or political subjectivity. Whereas mobile communication technologies entail new affordances to the Chinese people who are engaging in politics, the conclusion further broadens the scope of investigation to cases of political contention beyond China in order to illustrate how and to what extent the communication-centered framework may shed light on the case beyond China to more precisely pin down the influence of ICTs on contentious collective action.
Opera and Beauty
Authors: Cruz Gabriela 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Chapter 1 considers the emergence of a spectacular sensibility for song and singing in Paris after the 1820s. Parisian mélomanes wrote imaginatively and at length about opera, leaving for posterity a treasure trove of “souvenirs.” When contemplating the idea of beauty in the contemporary opera stage, these recollections often revisited a single musical event led by Henriette Sontag and Maria Malibran in 1829, which, they claimed, bequeathed to them something extraordinary: a new lyrical mood, at once blissful and discontented, which ushered into opera the divided affect of modernity. Théophile Gautier elaborated on this divided affect a few times in his poetry and in the process, he invented the figure of the diva, the allegory of beauty.
Rethinking City Constitutional Status
Authors: Hirschl Ran 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This chapter explores key arguments for assigning greater constitutional status and standing to cities and their residents. It suggests that existing arguments for enhanced city power do not acknowledge or appreciate the full scope of urban centers’ constitutional powerlessness, and overlook crucial aspects of urban agglomeration, in particular in the Global South. To address these shortcomings, this chapter develops six fresh arguments for extending constitutional status to cities that have not been given due attention in the pertinent literature. These include considerations of electoral parity, economic inequality, the right to housing, climate change, density, diversity, democratic stakeholding, federalism and subsidiarity, all pointing to an acute need for a modified spatial conceptualization of the city in the constitutional state. En route, the chapter explores several constitutional designs that may remedy the systemic underrepresentation of urban voters while providing suitable voice to rural area constituencies.
All Bullshit and Lies?
Authors: Heffer Chris 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In a post-factual world in which claims are often held to be true only to the extent that they partisanly confirm one’s preexisting beliefs, this book asks the following crucial questions: How can one identify the many forms of untruthfulness in discourse? How can one know when their use is ethically wrong? How can one judge untruthfulness in the messiness of situated discourse? Drawing on pragmatics, philosophy, psychology, and law, All Bullshit and Lies? develops a comprehensive framework for analyzing untruthful discourse in situated context. The TRUST (Trust-Related Untruthfulness in Situated Text) framework sees untruthfulness as encompassing not just deliberate manipulations of what you believe to be the truth (the insincerity of withholding, misleading, and lying), but also the distortions that arise pathologically from an irresponsible attitude toward the truth (dogma, distortion, and bullshit). Truth is often not “in play” (as in jokes or fiction), or concealing it can achieve a greater good (as in saving another’s face). Untruthfulness becomes unethical in discourse, though, when it unjustifiably breaches the trust an interlocutor invests in the speaker. In such cases, the speaker becomes willfully insincere or epistemically negligent and thus culpable to a greater or lesser degree. In addition to the theoretical framework, the book provides a clear, practical heuristic for analyzing discursive untruthfulness and applies it to such cases of public discourse as the Brexit “battle bus,” Trump’s tweet about voter fraud, Blair’s and Bush’s claims about weapons of mass destruction, and the multiple forms of untruthfulness associated with the Skripal poisoning case.
Sex
Authors: Smith Leslie Dorrough 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Evangelicalism has long provided American culture with the vocabulary through which to talk about sex and who can appropriately engage in it. This chapter briefly discusses six general presumptions of evangelical thinking about sex, gender, and race inspired by feminist theorist Gayle Rubin; these elements help frame specific excerpts of evangelical marriage and sexual advice literature, which naturalize hypersexual men and their passively sexual women. The chapter discusses the substantial racial subtexts at work in these excerpts that tacitly connect whiteness (and white sexuality, in particular) with moral virtue, and describes how these have become American ideals. To see these ideals at work, a case study compares the scandals of Anita Hill (versus Clarence Thomas) and Paula Jones (versus Bill Clinton). Both Hill and Jones were deemed sexual failures by the American public according to the evangelical standards for female sexuality that were used to define their credibility.
Epilogue
Authors: Smith Leslie Dorrough 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines how the Supreme Court confirmation process of Justice Brett Kavanaugh closely followed a white male heterosexual double standard that is often at the center of political sex scandals, one inspired by the evangelical norms that this book has discussed. Kavanaugh was the 2018 Supreme Court nominee (and current Justice) accused by Dr. Christine Blasey Ford of a sexual assault. The chapter analyzes the Ford/Kavanaugh testimonies in relationship to the Anita Hill/Clarence Thomas case. This comparison highlights the racial and gendered mechanics by which all four characters were judged. While Ford was regarded by many as a credible witness from the standpoint of her demeanor and testimony, the author argues that Kavanaugh was able to draw on a variety of raced and gendered symbols that solidified the support of his political peers, including Donald Trump. In short, Kavanaugh’s demeanor as a white, angry, sexualized adolescent granted him a considerable advantage.
The Scientific Voice
Authors: Kelly Alan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This chapter is focused on the way in which scientists write, and the key characteristics that must describe their writing (i.e., clarity and avoidance of unnecessary complexity). The “voice” used in the modern scientific paper is discussed, with exploration of how this may be achieved, and some illustrative examples. In particular, examples are used to see how scientists present highly significant findings, or cast doubt on the findings of others. Some basic and simple principles for practicing and learning naturalistic yet professional writing skills are presented. The reader is encouraged to develop an ear for the rhythms of writing, and is equipped with the basic tools needed to do so. Further points that are discussed include the fact that effective scientific writing does not need to be stylish or deliberately complex, but must above all achieve clarity and a complete lack of ambiguity, while the writing should be “invisible” and place no barriers between reader and intended message. The chapter also considers the requirements for successful writing, including time, concentration, and suitable conditions.
Cinema as Performance
Authors: Walley Jonathan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Chapter 3 is the first of four chapters that make up Part II of Cinema Expanded. This part of the book considers different general modes that expanded cinema has taken, each mode representing aesthetic territory and ideas usually associated with a different art form (e.g. performance or sculpture). Chapter 3 considers a variant of expanded cinema that integrates live performance into projection of moving images, usually called “projection performance” or “projector performance.” In this type of expanded work, the tactility of both filmstrip and projector are on display, as is the performer (typically the filmmaker—the representative of avant-garde cinema’s more intimate relationship between artist and audience). But alongside these markers of cinema’s physicality and presence is the ephemerality of live performance. Non-repeatable, site-specific, aleatory instead of mechanistically automatic, projection performance is centered upon the moment when the material of film is transformed into the far less tactile play of light, shadow, and illusion, and when objects give way to processes and experiences. The integration of performance into cinema was initially understood as a blurring of art forms. But the intermedia film-theater hybrids of the first wave of expanded cinema gave way to subsequent projection performances that claimed a performative dimension for cinema itself, rather than thinking of it as an alien form grafted onto film in a new intermedia format.
Conclusion
Authors: Walley Jonathan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The conclusion argues that while expanded cinema might seem radically opposed to conventional, popular, and mainstream cinema, it nonetheless attempts to articulate and specify the aesthetic qualities that define all cinema. This parallels a trait of conventionally made avant-garde/experimental films; the assertion of cinema’s nature and essences, which constitute all forms of cinema regardless of how different one kind of film appears from another. The conclusion also draws upon the notions of the “essentially cinematic” explored across the book to counter theoretical arguments against such specificity positions (e.g. medium specificity) that have been advanced by critics and scholars in the worlds of cinema and art. The conclusion argues that these anti-specificity positions are overly simplistic, and that expanded cinema represents a more nuanced and sophisticated notion of what a medium specific theory—or work of cinema—can be.
Clauberg
Authors: Platt Andrew R. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Chapter 4 uses Clauberg’s theory of the mind–body union to show how a Cartesian thinker could respond to perceived problems with Descartes’ interactionism without adopting occasionalism. Section 4.1 presents Clauberg’s theory, according to which the mind is a “moral cause” of motions in the body, and corporal motions are “procatarctic causes” of ideas in the mind. Section 4.2 shows how Clauberg reconciles this account with the causal principles that “an effect may not be more noble than its cause,” and that a cause must formally or eminently contain whatever it brings about in its effect. Section 4.3 argues that Clauberg takes moral and procatarctic causes to be types of efficient causes. This is consistent with a broad conception of efficient causation, which section 4.4 argues Clauberg came to hold by the 1660s. The position that emerges thus represents an alternative to that of Cartesian occasionalists, such as Geulincx and Malebranche.
Geulincx
Authors: Platt Andrew R. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Chapter 5 shows how Geulincx uses occasionalism to develop a virtue ethics that is consistent with both Cartesian metaphysics and Christian teaching. Section 5.1 surveys Geulincx’s main arguments for occasionalism, and argues that Geulincx did not see occasionalism as providing an explanation of mind–body interaction. Section 5.2 focuses on an underlying assumption of one of Geulincx’s arguments, namely the principle, “Quod nescis quomodo fiat, id non facis.” Section 5.2 argues that Geulincx takes this principle to be self-evident (and not justified on the basis of an underlying theory of causation, on which all agency is volitional). Section 5.3 shows how Geulincx took this principle to cohere with Cartesianism, and explains the role of occasionalism in his account of the virtue of humility. Section 5.4 concludes that Geulincx uses occasionalism to defend the compatibility of Cartesian metaphysics with Christian theology, and to supplement Cartesianism with a theory of moral virtue.
Malebranche’s Case for Occasionalism
Authors: Platt Andrew R. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Malebranche develops the most comprehensive case for occasionalism of the early modern occasionalists; he also motivates occasionalism in the context of an overall philosophical and theological system. This chapter analyzes Malebranche’s arguments for occasionalism, including his version of the argument based on the Quod Nescis principle, and his argument based on the principle that there is a necessary connection between a cause and its effect. Section 8.5 argues that he takes these metaphysical principles to be self-evident. Though he thinks we can fail to be certain of their truth, we can assure ourselves of their certainty by reflecting on how these principles cohere with the best overall philosophical and theological world-view. Malebranche highlights the theological implications of his conclusion that “there is only one cause.” Section 8.6 shows that occasionalism also plays a crucial role in Malebranche’s philosophical project, especially in connection with his theory of the Vision in God.
The Limits of Reformist Religion
Authors: Dubler Joshua , Lloyd Vincent W. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
How have American religious communities responded to the rapid growth of the prison? With ambivalence—as we show through case studies of Protestant responses. Protestant institutions consistently spoke out against the growing prison system, charging that it runs against a Christian sense of justice. But, from the 1960s, liberal Protestant elites no longer had the public’s ear. Evangelicals, led by Charles Colson, also spoke out about the prison system from the perspective of biblical justice, but their methods of engagement were too easily incorporated into the prison state. At the margins, meanwhile, Protestant institutions funded a variety of grassroots anti-prison organizations, which generated the restorative justice movement and the international prison abolition movement.