bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Application of Fractal Theory in Socio-Humanitarian Researches of Religion: new Opportunities for Exploring Processual Logic in the Arab-Islamic World (based on the works of A.V. Smirnov)
Authors: Nasibullov K. I. 
Published: January 2020

The article explores the possibility of applying fractal theory in socio-humanitarian researches of religion. The first section presents ideas of A.V. Smirnov on the comparative study of cultures. Smirnov links the distinctiveness of one’s culture with the meaning-making process: he notes that substantial logic characterizes European culture while processual logic is inherent to the Arab-Islamic world. The article aims to reconsider Smirnov’s ideas and argues that the processual and substantial logic can be defined as a particular form of knowledge resulting from the interaction of cultures. It is proposed that the meaning-making process in the Arab-Islamic world can be considered through the lens of the processual metaphysics (V.A. Lectorskiy), and by using the methodology of fractal theory (B. Mandelbrot). Fractal theory reinforces the researcher’s own procedural intuition and allows representatives of the European cultural area to better understand the logic of Arab-Muslim culture.The author declares that there is no conflict of interest.
Mehmet Zahid Kotku and the Iskander Pasha Jamaat: Sufis between Islam, Politics and Holdings
Authors: Saetov I. G. 
Published: January 2020

The paper follows the path of development (and degradation) of the Iskander Pasha Jamaat, emerged from one of the branches of the Naqshbandi tariqa during the democratization process in Turkey in the second half of the 20th century. Originally an underground brotherhood, the community became a kind of an “invisible” university for many individuals in Turkish politics and public life. The community contributed to the emergence of parties of political Islam. After it parted with its leadership, it almost became a party itself, but was eventually reduced to a holding group and an interest circle. The study is based on a wide range of sources and research literature, including the following primary sources: the books and sermons of Mehmet Zahid Kotku and Esad Coşan, statements of Nureddin Coşan, biographical publications of the sheikhs’ students, and also an interview the author conducted with the leadership of the foundation affi liated with the jamaat.The author declares that there is no conflict of interest.
El centro clandestino de detención y tortura Los Vagones del Barrio Olímpico (Canelones).
Authors: Marín Suárez Carlos , Gazzán Nicolás , Aguirrezabal Diego , De Austria Millán Alberto , Cancela Cristina , Díaz Natalia , Blasco Jimena , Guillén Ruiz Abel , Macé Jean François , Arguiñarena Biurrun Jesús , Ampudia de Haro Ignacio , Márquez Berterreche Martín , De Izaguirre María Julia 
Published: January 2020

Los Centros Clandestinos de Detención y Tortura fueron importantes dispositivos del nuevo orden totalitario conocido como dictadura cívico-militar uruguaya (1973-1985). A partir de un proyecto de extensión universitaria crítica, en colaboración estrecha con representantes de la sociedad civil, se ha podido investigar por primera vez uno de estos lugares en el interior del país, constatando, además, que fue gestionado por la Policía. Se ha contrastado la materialidad documentada arqueológicamente con los testimonios de víctimas directas y vecinos, para realizar una interpretación general del sitio. De este modo se aportan nuevas narrativas históricas que sustentan este Sitio de Memoria. Además, los informes técnicos generados se han incluido en el expediente judicial que investiga los delitos de lesa humanidad allí cometidos.
Dental Awareness, Knowledge and Attitude among the Medical Practitioners in Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Manandhar A. , Bhandari A. , Kunwar D. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Oral health is a window to our overall health. Negligence to oral health might have adverse effects on the general well being of a person. Hence, early detection and prompt treatment is of utmost importance. Lack of general medical practitioner’s knowledge of oral disease has been shown to contribute to delays in referral and treatment, thus significantly affecting the associated morbidity and mortality.
Methods: The present study was undertaken to assess knowledge, attitude and dental awareness among medical practitioners in Pokhara, Nepal. A list of medical practitioners was obtained from the NMA (Nepal Medical Association, Gandaki branch, Nepal) and sample size of 109 study subjects was calculated. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the medical practitioners. from March 2018 to April 2018. The data pertaining to their knowledge, attitude and awareness about oral health was gathered using a self-administered questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: Results of the study showed that the medical practitioners had moderate to good knowledge about dentistry as 97.2% of the medical practitioners answered correctly saying that brushing tooth daily prevents tooth decay and periodontal disease Whereas, when asked about the changes in the oral cavity which most commonly is associated with progression towards oral cancer, only 46.8% answered correctly by responding to non-healing ulcer/ erosive lesions.
Conclusions: It is imperative that the dental/medical practitioners have good knowledge about the oral diseases and its systemic manifestations, so as to have timely referral and early treatment to prevent the associated morbidity and mortality.
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Contamination of Hands and Mobile Phones of Health Care Workers in a Health Care Setting: A Silent Threat
Authors: Sharma B.K. , Regmi S.M. , Sharma K. , Reddy K.R. , Adhikari S. 
Published: January 2020

Background: The extensive use of mobile phones in the hospital among health care workers (HCWs) can lead to infectious agents being transferred from one patient to another and thus serve as a vehicle in the transmission of nosocomial pathogens.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus auerus (MRSA) contamination of mobile phones and hands of HCWs in Gandaki Medical College and Teaching Hospital.
Methods: The present study was hospital and laboratory based cross-sectional study, carried out from April, 2017 to December, 2017. A total of 100 mobile phone swab and 100 hand swab samples of HCWs were collected and cultured directly on MacConkey agar, blood agar, and mannitol salt agar after 24 hrs of enrichment. All the isolated organisms including MRSA were identified using standard microbiological techniques and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing using disc diffusion technique.
Results: Among the Gram positive isolates, frequency distribution from mobile phones showed the highest prevalence of coagulase negative Staphylococci (CONS) (34.69%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (20.41%), Bacillus spp (15.31%), Micrococci spp (11.23%), however considerable number of Diptheroides (8.16%), Enterococci (6.12%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (4.08%). Siimilarly from hand swabs CONS (39.62%), followed by S. aureus (26.42%), Bacillus spp (10.38%), Micrococci (11.32%), Enterococci (6.60%) and Diptheroids (5.66%) were isolated. The frequency of MRSA was 20%, 25% among mobile phones and hands of HCWs respectively. Drugs like Vancomycin, Amikacin, Clindamycin and Gentamycin were found quite effective against S. aureus in the present study and would be better options for the management of such infections.
Conclusions: Mobile phones and hands of HCWs were the potential source of nosocomial infections including multidrug-resistant pathogens like methicillin-resistant S. aureus.
Pathway to Care of Psychiatric Services in Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital in Western Nepal
Authors: Lamichhane N. , Thapa DK , Timilsina RR , Sharma R. , Vaidya L , Subedi A 
Published: January 2020

Aims and Objectives: The sequence of contacts with individuals and organizations prompted by the distressed person's efforts, and those of his or her significant others, to seek help is known as the pathways to care. The study of the pathways to care provides the relevant information regarding the individual's health seeking and illness behaviour. A wide range of professionals including psychiatrists, psychologists, other doctors, faith-healers and religious healers cater to the needs of mentally ill patients. This study was carried out to identify the pathway to care of patients up to psychiatric care with no prior psychiatric treatment at GMCTH.
Methodology: It is a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted in GMCTH, Pokhara from Jan 2015 to Dec 2016. After ethical consideration, all new patients and those newly referred to the psychiatric services and agreed to participate were interviewed until the target 100 participants were recruited. ICD-10 was used for diagnosis. Data were computed and analyzed by using Microsoft excel and SPSS. Parametric & non parametric statistical technique was applied wherever appropriate.
Results: Total of 100 patients (56 females, 44 males) was included in the study. Mean age of the entire study cohort was 37.17 years (SD 15.45). The mean no. of months to seek first help from a psychiatrist was 53.03 months (SD: 81.70).
Conclusion: All the patients here eventually made treatment contact with psychiatrists. However, delay was pervasive. Delay in treatment has negative effect in the treatment outcome. The knowledge and recognition of psychological disorders by the traditional healers as well as other treatment providers in the community are crucial for early treatment of psychiatric patients.
Pattern of ocular morbidity in pediatrics age group in a tertiary centre in western Nepal
Authors: Tuladhar S , Gurung J. , Poudel B. , Subedi N. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Ocular morbidities are importantbecause of their impact on child’s development,education and future work. Ocular morbidities in children may not be diagnosed and treated in time due to inability to express their problems which leads to amblyopia by the time they can express it. This study was conducted with an objective to determine the pattern of ocular morbidity in children less than and equal to 14 years of age presenting in the Outpatient Department (OPD) of Gandaki Medical College, Pokhara.
Materials/ Methods: This is a cross sectional observational study where we reviewed the profile of all of all patients of age group equal to or less than 14 years entering eye OPD from September 2016 to September 2018 for eye examination.
Result: A total of 1471 patients presented to eye department of GMC. The mean age of the patient was 8.25 ±4.24 years among which 57.8% were males and 42.2% were females. Maximum number of the patients were in age group 11 to 14 years (38.1%) while minimum number of the patients were in the age group <1 year(10.6%).Conjunctival disorders (23.9%) was the most common ocular morbidity followed by refractive error in (18.2%), miscellaneous conditions (10.4%), eyelid diseases (8.6%), lacrimal system diseases (7.8%).
Conclusion: Thestudy gives a picture and pattern of ocular diseases in pediatrics age group which not only helps in early diagnosis and treatment of ocular diseases but also in decreasing the magnitude of childhood blindness and amblyopia.
Clinicopathological profile of colorectal cancer managed at a university teaching hospital, Nepal
Authors: Paudyal Sanjaya , KC Shiva Raj , Maharjan Shantabir , Shah Surendra , Giri Niraj , KC Samyukta , Sigdel Bidhan 
Published: January 2020

Introductions: Colorectal carcinoma is the third most common cancer worldwide. The incidence is increasing in developing countries including Nepal. The aim of this study is to find out the clinicopathological pattern of colorectal carcinoma locally.
Methods: Data were recorded retrospectively by reviewing the charts of the patients who were diagnosed and treated for in patients having colorectal cancer managed during three years period of 2016-9 at Patan Hospital, the university teaching hospital of Patan Academy of health sciences, Nepal. Clinicopathological profile, age, gender, surgery, histopathological findings were descriptively analised.
Results: There were 36 colorectal cancer patients, male 20 (56%) and females 16 (44%), mean age 56.9 years (range 24 to 89). Curative surgery was possible in 17 (47.2%) and adenocarcinoma of moderate differentiation was found in 25 (70%) of the resected specimen.
Conclusions: Colorectal carcinoma was found in old age, slightly more in male than female, adenocarcinoma being most common histology type.
Neonatal and perinatal mortality trend among 23,000 babies delivered during three years at an urban university teaching hospital of Nepal
Authors: Rajbhandari Rateena , Amatya Puja , Shrestha Shova 
Published: January 2020

Introductions: Perinatal mortality rate (PMR) of Nepal is 31 deaths per 1000 pregnancies and neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is 21 deaths per 1000 live births according to Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2016. This study aims to analyse the trend of PMR and NMR of babies delivered at Patan hospital, Nepal.
Methods: This was a retrospective study done in the department of Pediatrics to analyse the trend of neonatal and perinatal outcome of babies delivered during three years from April 2016 to March 2019 at Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Nepal. Data was collected from hospital records and perinatal audit. The mode of delivery (vaginal, instrumental, caesarian), birth status (sex, premature, still, live, APGAR, birth weight) and final outcome (neonatal and perinatal mortalities) were analyzed descriptively using Microsoft Excel 2010.
Results: The final outcome of total 22937 deliveries during three years were PMR 4.34, corrected PMR 10.85 per 1000 total births and NMR 3.62 per 1000 live births. There were 22913 (99%) live births, 3090 (13.3%) had low birth weight, 11898 (52%) spontaneous vaginal delivery, 10700 (47%) cesarean and 339 (1.5%) instrumental deliveries.
Conclusions: The overall PMR was 4.34 per 1000 total births and NMR was 3.62 per 1000 live births at Patan Hospital.
Hanseatic fish trade in the North Atlantic: evidence of fish remains from Hanse cities in Germany
Authors: Küchelmann Hans Christian 
Published: January 2020

This paper reviews the evidence for the Hanseatic fish trade in the North Atlantic from the perspective of the consumer sites: the Hanse cities in Germany. Stockfish, the most important good in the North Atlantic trade, are discussed from an archaeozoological perspective. The evidence from Hanse cities accumulated thus far is presented and evaluated. The amount of fish remains analysed from Hanse cities in Germany is still very low, which precludes in-depth research and wider conclusions. Nevertheless, overall patterns appear that are generally consistent with the assumptions of patterns for imported stockfish: high frequencies of Gadidae among the fish remains of coastal Hanse cities, overrepresentation of postcranial skeletal elements, prevailing remains of large size classes, and isotopic data supporting the hypothesis.
Pirates and merchants – Hanse traders and Victual Brothers in Skjernesund and other outports of southernmost Norway in the early fifteenth century
Authors: Stylegar Frans-Arne H. , Nymoen Pål , Eikli Gunnar 
Published: January 2020

Friend or foe? Trader or pirate? Commercial shipping along the archipelago of southern Norway in the early fifteenth century could be a risky business. Hanseatic skippers must have had detailed knowledge of sailing routes and good harbours along the route past Lindesnes towards Bergen. Among a chain of good natural harbours, Skjernesund near Mandal formed a hub, a protected inner route consisting of several good harbour areas sheltered from the exposed Skagerrak north of Skjernøya. An overview of dated shipwrecks along the coast of southern Norway is presented and their context discussed in relation to why they wrecked. It is striking that the majority of wrecks have been found in port areas. The most common interpretation of these wrecks individually is that there are natural explanations for these as losses at sea. By comparing the written sources and historical events from the main period of these shipwrecks, it is probable that in many cases the cause was piracy.
Detección de fugas en canalizaciones enterradas mediante isótopos radiactivos
Authors: Sebastián Calvo Carlos 
Published: January 2020

ResumenLa utilización de trazadores en la forma de radioisótopos y la observación de su cambio de concentración con el tiempo, permite darnos una idea del comportamiento de los procesos industriales y la evaluación de problemas de mal funcionamiento como es el caso de la detección y cuantificación de fugas o filtraciones en tuberías enterradas. Las técnicas mostradas representan un conjunto de métodos sencillos, económicos y rápidos, de gran utilidad en la evaluación de fugas o filtraciones en ductos enterrados, mediante el uso de trazadores artificiales.Palabras clave: trazadores, radioisótopos, fugas, detectores.
AbstractThe use of tracers in the form of radioisotopes and the observation of its concentration changes as a function of time, allow us to draw some conclusions about the performance of industrialprocesses and the evaluation of malfunctioning troubles, which is the case of the detection and quantification of leakages in underground pipes. The shown techniques represent a set of simple, fast, and economic methods of great utility in the evaluation of leaks in underground pipelines using artificial tracers.Keywords: Tracers, radioisotopes, leakages, probes.
Julio César Tello Wirakocha: aspectos de la religión indígena
Authors: Huertas Vallejos Lorenzo 
Published: January 2020

ResumenEn 1923 julio C. Tello publicó un artículo titulado Wiracocha donde condensa todo el conocimiento que se tenía sobre la religión en el Perú antiguo. En este artículo Tello divide a las grandes teogonías del Perú antiguo en cuatro grandes regiones: mitos del norte, el centro y del sur y mitos florestales. Centrando su atención en los mitos del sur cuya mayor deidad fue Wiracocha.Palabra claves: Religión, Wiracocha, ideología, dioses, mallquis.
AbstractIn 1923 julio C. Tello published an article entitled Wiracocha where it condenses all the knowledge that was about religion in ancient Peru. In this article Tello divides the large theogonies ofancient Peru in four major regions myths of the North, Center and South and could myths. Focusing on the myths of the South whose greater deity was Wiracocha. Key word. Mallquis,religion, ideology, gods, Wiracocha.Keyword: Religion, Wiracocha, ideology, gods, Mallquis,
Properties of P460-S355 submerged arc welds
Authors: Türkmen Mustafa , Katı Nida , Kejanlı Haluk , Çalıgülü Uğur 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this study, the weldability of P460 and S355 steel was investigated by application of the submerged arc welding (SAW) process. In the analyses, the effects of various parameters were handled at different welding speeds, the two levels of the current values of 475 A to 525 A and 525 A to 575 A, commercial submerged additive metals, and commercial aglomera welding powders. A notch impact test was carried on to determine the strength of the joints. Microhardness measurements were made at a Vickers load of 500 g. Optical microscopy and EDS analyses were utilized in the weld zone to investigate the microstructure changes which depend on the welding parameters. The results of this study indicate that P460 steel maintained sufficiently good weldability by application of the submerged welding process.
Optimization of cutting parameters with respect to roughness for machining of hardened AISI 1040 steel
Authors: Şahinoğlu Abidin , Rafighi Mohammad 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Today, energy consumption and environmental issues are important topics in all industries around the globe. However, quality is in direct proportion with energy consumption, since better surface finish means more energy consumption. The main objective of this work is minimizing both surface roughness and power consumption by estimating the optimum machining parameters. In this study, turning tests were carried out on three different hardened AISI 1040 steels (10, 15, 20 HRC) at three different depths of cuts (1.2, 2.4, 3.6 mm), feed rates (0.15, 0.25, 0.35 mm × rev−1) and cutting speeds (120, 140, 160 m × min−1) without coolant. The effects of cutting parameters and workpieces hardness on surface roughness, sound level and power consumption were examined. These analyses were conducted using a full factorial experimental design method. The response surface methodology and analysis of variance were also used to determine the effects of input parameters on the response variables. Experimental results showed that an increase in the feed rate value causes an increase in the surface roughness, the sound level, and the power consumption values. The results of the presented work show that feed rate is the most effective machining parameter that affects surface roughness and power consumption. Following feed rate, depth of cut and cutting speed also have an important impact. Thus, decreasing the value of feed rate and depth of cut will reduce the amount of power consumption.