bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐TNF‐induced lupus in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Picardo Sherman , So Kenji , Venugopal Kannan 
Published: December 2019

Background and AimsAnti‐Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)‐induced lupus (ATIL) is a distinct clinical entity, increasingly recognized in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with anti‐TNF therapy. Our aims were to evaluate the incidence and clinical and serological markers of ATIL in this population.MethodsThis observational cohort study reviewed 454 patient treatment courses with anti‐TNF therapy (300 infliximab and 154 adalimumab). A diagnosis of ATIL was based on the most widely accepted diagnostic criteria: (i) a temporal relationship between symptoms and anti‐TNF therapy and resolution of symptoms following cessation of the offending medication; (ii) at least one serologic American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criterion of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE); and (iii) at least one nonserological criterion such as arthritis, serositis, or rash. Clinical, demographic, and serological predictors were evaluated.ResultsThe incidence rate of ATIL was 5.7% for infliximab and 0.6% for adalimumab, which are much higher than previously reported postmarketing estimates. The median duration to diagnosis following commencement of anti‐TNF therapy was 15 months (3–62 months). ATIL occurs more commonly patients that commence therapy at an older age (46.47 years ± 13.79 years vs. 38.85 years ± 14.75 years, P = 0.033).ConclusionsATIL is a significant complication of anti‐TNF therapy, affecting 1 in every 20 patients who commence infliximab. A panel of serological markers is useful to confirm the diagnosis and exclude other conditions that may mimic ATIL. Clinicians using anti‐TNF medications should counsel patients about this potential risk and monitor for clinical manifestations of lupus during routine follow up.
Estimation of new HIV diagnosis rates among high‐risk, PrEP‐eligible individuals using HIV surveillance data at the Metropolitan Statistical Area level in the United States
Authors: Mera Robertino , Scheer Susan , Carter Christoph , Das Moupali , Asubonteng Julius , McCallister Scott , Baeten Jared 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionNew HIV diagnoses have fallen in the past decade due to increased HIV testing, earlier diagnosis, earlier antiretroviral treatment, improved linkage to care and engagement in care, and the recent increased uptake of pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We propose a novel method to compute the rate of new HIV diagnoses at the Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) level in the US to support the evaluation of comprehensive treatment and prevention efforts over time.MethodsThe number of new HIV diagnoses, number of individuals with a PrEP indication and aggregated person‐time exposed to PrEP during the years 2012 to 2017 were used to compute a new HIV diagnosis rate for people at risk of HIV excluding those already on PrEP for the 105 MSAs in the US with published HIV surveillance data. In our calculation of person‐time with a PrEP indication, time‐at‐risk excluded time on PrEP and time after an HIV diagnosis. We used a multivariate Poisson regression model to estimate HIV diagnosis rates by year and location.ResultsFrom 2012 to 2017, the aggregate HIV diagnoses rate among high‐risk individuals with an indication for PrEP in the 105 MSAs decreased from 4.14 per 100 person‐years (PY) (95% CI 4.10 to 4.19) to 3.26 per 100 PY (95% CI 3.22 to 3.30). For the 25 US MSAs that overlapped with an ongoing large randomized clinical trial of PrEP in men who have sex with men (MSM), the HIV diagnosis rate from 2012 to 2017 decreased from 4.86 per 100 PY (95% CI 4.80 to 4.93) to 3.61 per 100 PY (95% CI 3.56 to 3.66), a decline that was more rapid than in non‐study MSAs (IRR for trial site 1.19, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.20).ConclusionsWe propose a model to estimate the background HIV diagnosis rate in people at risk for HIV and with a PrEP indication in US MSAs (excluding those on PrEP) using publically available surveillance data which can evaluate trends over time. Data generated using this methodology could be used by policy makers and local HIV prevention specialists to evaluate and monitor their prevention efforts for the population at risk in their communities.
Defining the human kidney N‐glycome in normal and cancer tissues using MALDI imaging mass spectrometry
Authors: Drake Richard R. , McDowell Colin , West Connor , David Fred , Powers Thomas W. , Nowling Tamara , Bruner Evelyn , Mehta Anand S. , Angel Peggi M. , Marlow Laura A. , Tun Han W. , Copland John A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractClear‐cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) presents challenges to clinical management because of late‐stage detection, treatment resistance, and frequent disease recurrence. Metabolically, ccRCC has a well‐described Warburg effect utilization of glucose, but how this affects complex carbohydrate synthesis and alterations to protein and cell surface glycosylation is poorly defined. Using an imaging mass spectrometry approach, N‐glycosylation patterns and compositional differences were assessed between tumor and nontumor regions of formalin‐fixed clinical ccRCC specimens and tissue microarrays. Regions of normal kidney tissue samples were also evaluated for N‐linked glycan‐based distinctions between cortex, medullar, glomeruli, and proximal tubule features. Most notable was the proximal tubule localized detection of abundant multiantennary N‐glycans with bisecting N‐acetylglucosamine and multziple fucose residues. These glycans are absent in ccRCC tissues, while multiple tumor‐specific N‐glycans were detected with tri‐ and tetra‐antennary structures and varying levels of fucosylation and sialylation. A polycystic kidney disease tissue was also characterized for N‐glycan composition, with specific nonfucosylated glycans detected in the cyst fluid regions. Complementary to the imaging mass spectrometry analyses was an assessment of transcriptomic gene array data focused on the fucosyltransferase gene family and other glycosyltransferase genes. The transcript levels of the FUT3 and FUT6 genes responsible for the enzymes that add fucose to N‐glycan antennae were significantly decreased in all ccRCC tissues relative to matching nontumor tissues. These striking differences in glycosylation associated with ccRCC could lead to new mechanistic insight into the glycobiology underpinning kidney malignancies and suggest the potential for new therapeutic interventions and diagnostic markers.
Zirconia implants with improved attachment to the gingival tissue
Authors: Shahramian Khalil , Gasik Michael , Kangasniemi Ilkka , Walboomers X. Frank , Willberg Jaana , Abdulmajeed Aous , Närhi Timo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundGingival tissue attachment is known to be important for long‐term prognosis of implants. This in vitro study evaluated the gingival attachment to zirconia implants and zirconia implants modified with sol‐gel derived TiO2 coatings.MethodsZirconia endodontic posts (n = 23) were used to function as implants that were inserted into the center of full‐thickness porcine gingival explants (n = 31). The tissue/implant specimens were then individually placed at an air/liquid interface on a stainless‐steel grid in cell culture wells containing a nutrient solution. The tissue cultures were incubated at 37°C in a 5% CO2 environment and at days 7 and 14, the specimens were harvested and analyzed by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) measurements under dynamic loading conditions mimicking natural mastication. Specimens were also analyzed by immunohistochemical staining identifying the laminin (Ln) γ2 chain specific for Ln‐332, which is known to be a crucial molecule for the proper attachment of epithelium to tooth/implant surface.ResultsTissue attachment to TiO2‐coated zirconia demonstrated higher dynamic modulus of elasticity and higher creep modulus, meaning that the attachment is stronger and more resistant to damage during function over time. Laminin γ2 was identified in the attachment of epithelium to TiO2‐coated zirconia.ConclusionsBoth DMA and histological analysis support each other, so the gingival tissue is more strongly attached to sol‐gel derived TiO2‐coated zirconia than uncoated zirconia. Immunohistochemical staining showed that TiO2 coating may enhance the synthesis and deposition of Ln‐332 in the epithelial attachment to the implant surface.
Inhibition of streptococcal biofilm formation by Aronia by extracellular RNA degradation
Authors: Lee Heon‐Jin , Oh Su Young , Hong Su‐Hyung 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe accumulation of oral bacterial biofilms is one of the primary etiological factors for oral diseases. Aronia melanocarpa extracts display general health benefits, including antimicrobial activities. This study evaluates the inhibitory effect of Aronia juice on oral streptococcal biofilm formation.RESULTSExposure to 1/10‐diluted Aronia juice for 1 min significantly decreased in vitro streptococcal biofilm formation (P < 0.001). No remarkable difference was noted in streptococcal growth by Aronia under the same conditions. Interestingly, 1 week of oral rinse with diluted Aronia juice led to significantly fewer salivary streptococcal colony‐forming units (CFUs) relative to oral rinsing with tap water (P < 0.05). Furthermore, Aronia exerted an extracellular RNA‐degrading effect, and RNase inhibitor alleviated Aronia‐dependent streptococcal biofilm inhibition.CONCLUSIONAronia might inhibit initial biofilm formation by decomposing extracellular RNA, which plays an important role in bacterial biofilm formation. Our data suggest that oral rinsing with Aronia juice will aid in treating oral biofilm‐dependent diseases easily and efficiently. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Stat‐3 signaling promotes cell proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer through PDCD4 downregulation
Authors: Yang Yue‐Lou , Liu Pei , Li Dong , Yang Qun , Li Bin , Jiang Xiang‐Jun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe present study explored a new downstream regulator of Stat‐3 signaling, miR‐499‐5p and its target gene programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in cell survival and metastasis of gastric cancer. Our results showed that miR‐499‐5p is significantly upregulated in human gastric cancer cell line SGC‐7901. We further demonstrated that miR‐499‐5p promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation and invasion in vitro. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that upregulation of miR‐499‐5p expression associated with inhibition of PDCD4; STAT3 transcriptional activation by IL‐6 is crucial for the upregulation of miR‐499‐5p expression. These results indicate that the STAT3‐miR‐499‐5p‐PDCD4 signaling axis plays an important role in gastric cancer progression and a potentially therapeutic target for gastric cancer treatment.
Role of epstein‐barr virus in the severity of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Authors: Costa Victor , El‐Achkar Vivian Narana , de Barros Patrícia Pimentel , León Jorge Esquiche , Ribeiro‐Silva Alfredo , Carlos Román , Pignatari Shirley Shizue Nagata , Ferreira Silvaneide , Mello Barbara Pereira , Sichero Laura , Villa Luisa Lina , Kaminagakura Estela 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveThe objective was to investigate the prevalence of the Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) and its association with human papilloma virus (HPV) detection, clinicopathological features, and the severity of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP).MethodsCases of juvenile recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JRRP) (n = 36) and adult recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (ARRP) (n = 44) were collected retrospectively and subdivided into low‐ and high‐risk severity groups based on the Derkay score. We performed HPV detection and genotyping using a reverse hybridization protocol and investigated the presence of EBV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization. CD21 levels were accessed by immunohistochemistry.ResultsAll samples were HPV‐positive, including 49 cases of HPV 6, 26 cases of HPV 11, four cases of HPV 6 and 11 coinfections, and one case of HPV 16. EBV‐DNA was detected in nine samples by PCR, although none of the cases were positive by means of in situ hybridization. CD21 immunoexpression was not statistically associated with any of the variables analyzed. HPV 6 detection was significantly higher in ARRP cases (P= 0.03), whereas HPV 11 was more prevalent in JRRP cases (P= 0.02) and was even more prevalent in JRRP cases of greater severity (Derkay laryngoscopic scale ≥20) (P= 0.04).ConclusionThe presence of EBV does not seem to play an important role in the progression/severity of RRP.Level of Evidence4Laryngoscope, 130:E611–E618, 2020
A streamlined method to quantify the fates of 15N in seawater samples amended with 15N‐labeled organic nitrogen
Authors: Lu Kaijun , Lin Xianbiao , Gardner Wayne S. , Liu Zhanfei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractQuantifying the fate of organic nitrogen in aquatic systems is important to improve understanding of its recycling efficiency and long‐term preservation. The fate of organic nitrogen can be investigated with 15N labeling techniques, but relative amounts of 15N in different chemical forms are difficult to quantify. We present a “streamlined” method by combining Ammonium Retention Time Shift‐High Performance Liquid Chromatography with zinc reduction, and UV oxidation. This method does not require a pre‐isolation step of different forms of nitrogen from the sample. At a sample volume of 50 mL, and a total N concentration in the range of 0.5–40 μmol N L−1, and an 15N atom% of 20–80%, 15N concentrations for all N forms can be measured with this streamlined method, with a precision of within ±7%, and an accuracy of over 97%. We applied the method to investigating the short‐term fates of 15N during the degradation of 15N‐labeled amino acid and peptide. Recovery rates ranged from 93% to 110%, with an average of 102 ± 1.94%. As spiked 15N labeled alanine and/or peptide (Ala‐Val‐Phe‐Val) disappeared during sample incubations, a large fraction (ca. 13–66%) of the 15N was progressively transformed to non‐amino acid or non‐peptide dissolved organic nitrogen. This streamlined method offers quantitative estimates of potential fates of labile organic N compounds added to water samples containing in situ microbial consortia, and helps fulfill knowledge gaps in building the budget of N transformations of labile amino acids and peptides in aquatic systems.
Assessing the Role of Health Behaviors, Socioeconomic Status, and Cumulative Stress for Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Obesity
Authors: Cuevas Adolfo G. , Chen Ruijia , Slopen Natalie , Thurber Katherine A. , Wilson Norbert , Economos Christina , Williams David R. 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the explanatory role of health behaviors, socioeconomic position (SEP), and psychosocial stressors on racial/ethnic obesity disparities in a multiethnic and multiracial sample of adults.MethodsUsing data from the Chicago Community Adult Health Study (2001‐2003), Oaxaca‐Blinder decomposition analysis was conducted to quantify the extent to which health behaviors (fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity), SEP, and cumulative stressors (e.g., perceived discrimination, financial strain) each explained differences in obesity prevalence in Black, US‐born Hispanic, and non‐US‐born Hispanic compared with non‐Hispanic White participants.ResultsSEP and health behaviors did not explain obesity differences between racial/ethnic minorities and White individuals. Having high levels of stress in four or more domains explained 4.46% of the differences between Black and White individuals, whereas having high levels of stress in three domains significantly explained 14.13% of differences between US‐born Hispanic and White. Together, the predictors explained less than 20% of differences between any racial/ethnic minority group and White individuals.ConclusionsExposure to stressors may play a role in obesity disparities, particularly among Black and US‐born Hispanic individuals. Other obesity‐related risk factors need to be examined to understand the underlying mechanisms explaining obesity disparities.
Influence of addition of selective metallic species on mechanical properties of graphene/acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene composites
Authors: Panwar Vinay , Pal Kaushik 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this work, we have studied the comparative effects of vacancies and the addition of two different metallic species (ie, boron and nickel) on mechanical properties of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with the help of an atomistic simulation toolkit. Calculations related to elastic constants, stress distribution, and localized stresses have shown that the doping of boron has a promising ability to overcome the loss in mechanical properties of a single layer graphene sheet which generally degrades due to the presence of vacancies. Though nickel is also having good mechanical properties and chemical activity but unfavorable for being used as a dopant in graphene. This should be due to the larger atomic size of nickel atoms which creates high localized stresses in the predefined structure of graphene. The presence of these metallic species in doped‐rGO has been experimentally confirmed with the help of Raman spectroscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Finally, the composites prepared with doped‐rGO and acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene have shown that nearly 7% doping of boron in rGO improved the tensile strength by 27%, tensile modulus by 8% and storage modulus by 53%.
Use of Tissue Plasminogen Activator Alteplase for Suspected Impella Thrombosis
Authors: Succar Luma , Donahue Kevin R. , Varnado Sara , Kim Ju H. 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundImpella devices are being increasingly used to manage cardiogenic shock. The incidence of thrombosis and hemolysis in patients on Impella support increases with longer durations of use, and the management of Impella thrombosis remains ill‐defined.MethodsIn this case series, we describe our institutional use of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) alteplase in the Impella purge solution (0.04 or 0.08 mg/ml tPA in sterile water) for management of suspected Impella thrombosis in five patients, each with a different clinical course, treatment, and outcome. Given the limited evidence on the diagnosis of Impella thrombosis, suspicion was driven by the presence of decreased purge flow rates, increased purge pressures, and markers of hemolysis such as elevated lactate dehydrogenase and hematuria.OutcomesIn all cases, tPA administration resulted in resolution of low purge flow rates and high purge pressures. No major bleeding complications were directly associated with tPA. Two patients were bridged successfully to heart transplantation, two patients underwent left ventricular assist device implantation, and one patient died after withdrawal of care.ConclusionBased on our experience, tPA administration appears to be a viable and safe salvage option to delay or prevent device exchange in the setting of suspected Impella thrombosis.
Phosphocyclocreatine is the dominant form of cyclocreatine in control and creatine transporter deficiency patient fibroblasts
Authors: Gorshkov Kirill , Wang Amy Q. , Sun Wei , Fisher Ethan , Frigeni Marta , Singleton Marc , Thorne Natasha , Class Bradley , Huang Wenwei , Longo Nicola , Do Minh‐Ha T. , Ottinger Elizabeth A. , Xu Xin , Zheng Wei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCreatine transporter deficiency (CTD) is a metabolic disorder resulting in cognitive, motor, and behavioral deficits. Cyclocreatine (cCr), a creatine analog, has been explored as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of CTD. We developed a rapid, selective, and accurate HILIC ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) method to simultaneously quantify the intracellular concentrations of cCr, creatine (Cr), creatine‐d3 (Cr‐d3), phosphocyclocreatine (pcCr), and phosphocreatine (pCr). Using HILIC‐UPLC‐MS/MS, we measured cCr and Cr‐d3 uptake and their conversion to the phosphorylated forms in primary human control and CTD fibroblasts. Altogether, the data demonstrate that cCr enters cells and its dominant intracellular form is pcCr in both control and CTD patient cells. Therefore, cCr may replace creatine as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of CTD.
MicroRNAs in non‐small cell lung cancer: Gene regulation, impact on cancer cellular processes, and therapeutic potential
Authors: Petrek Hannah , Yu Ai‐Ming 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLung cancer remains the most lethal cancer among men and women in the United States and worldwide. The majority of lung cancer cases are classified as non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Developing new therapeutics on the basis of better understanding of NSCLC biology is critical to improve the treatment of NSCLC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are a superfamily of genome‐derived, small noncoding RNAs that govern posttranscriptional gene expression in cells. Functional miRNAs are commonly dysregulated in NSCLC, caused by genomic deletion, methylation, or altered processing, which may lead to the changes of many cancer‐related pathways and processes, such as growth and death signaling, metabolism, angiogenesis, cell cycle, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, as well as sensitivity to current therapies. With the understanding of miRNA biology in NSCLC, there are growing interests in developing new therapeutic strategies, namely restoration of tumor suppressive miRNAs and inhibition of tumor promotive miRNAs, to combat against NSCLC. In this article, we provide an overview on the molecular features of NSCLC and current treatment options with a focus on pharmacotherapy and personalized medicine. By illustrating the roles of miRNAs in the control of NSCLC tumorigenesis and progression, we highlight the latest efforts in assessing miRNA‐based therapies in animal models and discuss some critical challenges in developing RNA therapeutics.
Triazophos‐induced vertical transmission of rice stripe virus is associated with host vitellogenin in the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus
Authors: Xu Gang , Jiang Yu , Zhang Nannan , Liu Fang , Yang Guoqing 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDRice stripe virus (RSV) is one of the most serious rice diseases in East Asia. The small brown planthopper (SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus, is an economically important rice pest. SBPH transmits RSV horizontally and vertically, resulting in serious rice economic losses. Exposure to sublethal doses of insecticides can induce many physiological and cellular changes in insects. However, the mechanism underlying triazophos‐induced RSV vertical transmission remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of vitellogenin (Vg) in triazophos‐induced RSV vertical transmission.RESULTSRSV vertical transmission rates were significantly induced by sublethal exposure to triazophos. The transcript abundance of viral RNA3 segment (RNA3) and capsid protein (CP) in the ovaries of SBPH were also significantly increased. Triazophos induced the expression level of Vg in L. striatellus (LsVg) and increased the contents of ovarian protein and fat body protein. Knockdown of Vg significantly reduced the expression levels of LsVg and Vg receptor (LsVgR), and decreased RSV accumulations in the ovaries. Double‐stranded Vg (dsVg)‐mediated down‐regulation could be rescued by exposure to triazophos. Vertical transmission rate of the dsVg‐injected group was significantly decreased compared with the dsGFP‐injected group, and triazophos significantly rescued the RSV vertical transmission rate of the dsVg‐injected group.CONCLUSIONOur results indicate that triazophos‐induced RSV vertical transmission is associated with Vg. This work will help us to further elucidate sublethal doses of insecticides‐mediated effects and develop new strategies for pest control. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry