bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the molecular characteristics of Brucella isolates from Guangxi Province, China
Authors: Liu Zhi-guo , Wang Miao , Zhao Hong-yan , Piao Dong-ri , Jiang Hai , Li Zhen-jun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Human brucellosis has become a severe public health problem in China’s Guangxi Province, and there has been higher prevalence of brucellosis in this region after 2010. Both multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) assay schedules were used to genotype isolates and determine relationships among isolates.

Results
A total of 40 isolates of Brucella were obtained from humans, pigs, and dogs from 1961 to 2016. There were at least three species of Brucella detected in Guangxi Province, Brucella melitensis, Brucella suis, and Brucella canis, with 16, 17, and 7 isolates, respectively. Of which B. suis biovar 3 was the predominant species resulting in pig brucellosis in the area examined before 2000s. Moreover, B. melitensis biovar 3 was found to be mainly responsible for human brucellosis during 2012–2016. All B. melitensis isolates in this study belonged to East Mediterranean lineage. MLVA-11 genotype 116 was the dominant genotype and represented 81.2% of the isolates. MLVA cluster analysis showed there to be 44% (7/16) brucellosis cases caused by B. melitensis with a profile of outbreak epidemic from 2012 to 2016. However, nearly 83.3% (20/24) of brucellosis cases resulting from both B. suis and B. canis showed no epidemiological links or sporadic characteristics. MLVA-16 analysis confirmed extensive genotype-sharing events between B. melitensis isolates from Guangxi and other northern provinces within China. These data revealed that there are potential epidemiology links among these strains. B. suis strains of this study showed a unique genetic lineage at the global level and may have existed historically in this area. However, present B. canis isolates were closely related to previously reported isolates in Korea, where they may have originated. MLST typing showed that the population structure of Brucella strains had changed considerably in this province; ST17 and ST21, two previously predominant populations appeared to have been replaced by recently emerging ST8 group.

Conclusions
Our investigation data have inspired the hypothesis that Guangxi Province had been subject to an imported human brucellosis epidemic. Our data suggest that strains found in Northern regions of China are the principal source of infections in recent cases of human brucellosis in Guangxi Province. Comparative genomic analysis from more strains is necessary to confirm this hypothesis. This work will facilitate better understanding of the epidemiology and improve the effectiveness of control and prevention of brucellosis in this region.
iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis reveals the mechanisms of Botrytis cinerea controlled with Wuyiencin
Authors: Shi Liming , Ge Beibei , Wang Jinzi , Liu Binghua , Ma Jinjin , Wei Qiuhe , Zhang Kecheng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundGrey mould is an important plant disease worldwide, caused byBotrytis cinerea,resulting in serious economic loss. Wuyiencin, a low toxicity, high efficiency, and broad-spectrum agricultural antibiotic, has been demonstrated effectiveness againstB. cinerea.ResultsWuyiencin treatment inhibited growth and sporulation ofB. cinerea,specifically altering hypha morphology and intracellular structures. These changes were accompanied by differential expression (fold change > 2.0) of 316 proteins identified by iTRAQ-labelling LC-MS/MS analysis (P < 0.05). Up-regulation of 14 proteins, including carbohydrate metabolism proteins and cell wall stabilization proteins, was validated by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). Down-regulation of 13 proteins was validated by PRM, including regulators of energy metabolism, nucleotide/protein synthesis, and the biosynthesis of mediators of plant stress and decay.ConclusionOur results confirm the inhibitory biological effects of wuyiencin onB. cinerealand elaborate on the differentially expressed proteins and associated pathways implicated in the capacity of wuyiencin to debilitate the growth and pathogenicity of grey mould. This study provides validated candidates for further targeted exploration with the goal of optimizing wuyiencin as a safe, low-toxicity agent for biological control.
Dynamic changes in physiological and biochemical properties of flue-cured tobacco of different leaf ages during flue-curing and their effects on yield and quality
Authors: Chen Yanjie , Ren Ke , He Xian , Gong Jiangshiqi , Hu Xiaodong , Su Jiaen , Jin Yan , Zhao Zhengxiong , Zhu Yanmei , Zou Congming 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
The leaf age for harvesting flue-cured tobacco leaves is closely related to the quality of tobacco leaves, so an appropriate leaf age for harvesting is important for improving yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco, however, at present, there are few studies on effects of leaf age on physiological and biochemical changes during flue-curing and there is no clear standard of proper leaf ages for harvesting in production.

Results
In the Yunnan tobacco-growing area, an experiment was carried from 2016 to 2017 and different leaf ages were set. The results demonstrate that leaf age has a significant on tissue cell gap, leaf age and flue-curing stages exert significant effects on upper epidermis, palisade and spongy tissue, and leaf thickness of tobacco leaves. The thicknesses of upper and lower epidermis as well as palisade and spongy tissues at different ages show an approximately W-shaped change trend during flue-curing. With the advance of flue-curing stages, contents of starch, chlorophyll, carotenoid, and water in tobacco leaves at different leaf ages decrease, while polyphenol and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents increase. The older the leaf, the faster the chlorophyll, carotenoid, and water contents reduce, while the faster the polyphenol and MDA content rise during flue-curing. The flue-cured tobacco leaves at 116 DAT (days after transplanting) show the highest contents of total nitrogen and nicotine, followed by 123 DAT and those at 130 DAT are the lowest; however, the contents of total sugar and reducing sugar demonstrate a contrary tendency, and the starch content at 116 DAT is much lower than those in the other two treatments. The proportion of superior tobacco, average price, yield, and output value of upper tobacco leaves at different leaf ages are the highest at 123 DAT. The highest sensory evaluation score is found at 123 DAT, while that at 130 DAT is significantly lower in comparison with the other two treatments.

Conclusions
Tobacco leaves harvested at 123 DAT are mature and exhibit a low degree of membrane lipid peroxidation, moderate chemical compositions, and high economic value. 123 DAT improves availability of tobacco leaves.
Quick selenium accumulation in the selenium-rich rice and its physiological responses in changing selenium environments
Authors: Liang Yuanke , Su Yang , Li Ling , Huang Xin , Panhwar Faiz Hussain , Zheng Tengda , Tang Zhichen , Ei Hla Hla , Farooq Muhammad Umer , Zeng Rui , Zhang Yujie , Ye Xiaoying , Jia Xiaomei , Zheng Lanlan , Zhu Jianqing 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe element selenium (Se) deficiency is thought to be a global human health problem, which could disperse by daily-supplement from Se-rich food. Increasing the accumulation of Se in rice grain is an approach matched to these nutrient demands. Nonetheless, Se is shown to be essential but also toxic to plants, with a narrow margin between deficiency and toxicity. Notably, the regulatory mechanism balancing the accumulation and tolerance of Se in Se-rich rice plants remains unknown.ResultsIn this study, we investigated the phenotypical, physiological, and biochemical alterations of Se-rich rice in the exposure to a variety of Se applications. Results showed that the Se-rich rice was able to accumulate more abundance of Se from the root under a low Se environment comparing to the Se-free rice. Besides, excessive Se led to phytotoxic effects on Se-rich rice plants by inducing chlorosis and dwarfness, decreasing the contents of antioxidant, and exacerbating oxidative stresses. Furthermore, both phosphate transporterOsPT2and sulfate transportersOsSultr1;2may contribute to the uptake of selenate in rice.ConclusionsSe-rich red rice is more sensitive to exogenous application of Se, while and the most effective application of Se in roots of Se-rich rice was reached in 20 μM. Our findings present a direct way to evaluate the toxic effects of Se-rich rice in the Se contaminated field. Conclusively, some long-term field trial strategies are suggested to be included in the evaluation of risks and benefits within various field managements.
A randomized controlled trial on analgesic effect of repeated Quadratus Lumborum block versus continuous epidural analgesia following laparoscopic nephrectomy
Authors: Aditianingsih Dita , Pryambodho  , Anasy Naufal , Tantri Aida Rosita , Mochtar Chaidir Arif 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Epidural analgesia as the effective pain management for abdominal surgery has side effects such as paresthesia, hypotension, hematomas, and impaired motoric of lower limbs. The quadratus lumborum block (QLB) has potential as an abdominal truncal block, however, its analgesic efficacy has never been compared to epidural analgesia on laparoscopic nephrectomy. This prospective randomized controlled study compared the effectiveness of QLB with the epidural analgesia technique in relieving postoperative pain following transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy.

Methods
Sixty-two patients underwent laparoscopic donor nephrectomy and were randomized to receive QLB (n = 31) or continuous epidural (n = 31). The QLB group received bilateral QLB using 0.25% bupivacaine and the epidural group received 6 ml/h of 0.25% bupivacaine for intraoperative analgesia. As postoperative analgesia, the QLB group received repeated bilateral QLB with the same dose and the epidural group received 6 ml/h of 0.125% bupivacaine for 24 h after surgery completion. The primary outcome was the 24-h cumulative morphine requirement after surgery. The secondary outcome was the postoperative pain scores. Sensory block coverage, hemodynamic changes, Bromage score, postoperative nausea-vomiting (PONV), paresthesia, and duration of urinary catheter usage were recorded and analyzed.

Result
The 24-h cumulative morphine requirement and pain scores after surgery were comparable between the QLB and epidural groups. The coverage of QLB was extended from T9 to L2 and the continuous epidural block was extended from T8 to L3 dermatomes. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) measured at 24 h after surgery was lower in the epidural group (p = 0.001). Bromage score, incidence of PONV, and paresthesia were not significantly different between the two groups. Duration of urinary catheter usage was shorter (p < 0.001) in the QLB group.

Conclusion
The repeated QLB had a similar 24-h cumulative morphine requirement, comparable postoperative pain scores and sensory blockade, higher postoperative MAP, a similar degree of motoric block, no difference in the incidence of PONV and paresthesia, and shorter urinary catheter usage, compared to the continuous epidural analgesia following transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrial.gov NCT03520205 retrospectively registered on May 9th 2018.
Tissue oxygen saturation changes and postoperative complications in cardiac surgery: a prospective observational study
Authors: Scolletta Sabino , Franchi Federico , Damiani Elisa , Cennamo Armando , Domizi Roberta , Meola Antonio , Scorcella Claudia , Vanoli Davide , Münch Christopher , Adrario Erica , Marchetti Luca , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Donati Abele 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation (ECC) can induce microvascular dysfunction and tissue hypoperfusion. We hypothesized that the alterations in near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-derived parameters would be associated with post-operative complications in cardiac surgery patients.

Methods
Prospective observational study performed at two University Hospitals. Ninety patients undergoing cardiac surgery with ECC were enrolled. The NIRS sensor was applied on the thenar eminence. A vascular occlusion test (VOT, 3-min ischemia) was performed at baseline (t0), at Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission (t1), 3 (t2) and 6 (t3) hours later. Baseline tissue oxygen saturation (StO2), oxygen extraction rate and microvascular reactivity indices were calculated.

Results
In the first hours after cardiac surgery, StO2 tended to increase (86% [80–89] at T3 versus 82% [79–86] at T0, p = ns), while both tissue oxygen extraction and microvascular reactivity tended to decrease, as indicated by increasing occlusion slope (− 8.1%/min [− 11.2 to − 7] at T3 versus − 11.2%/min [− 13.9 to − 7.9] at T0, p = ns) and decreasing recovery slope (1.9%/sec [1.1–2.9] at T3 versus 3.1%/sec [2.3–3.9] at T0, p = ns). No substantial differences were found in NIRS-derived variables and their changes over time between patients with complications and those without complications.

Conclusions
Peripheral tissue oxygen extraction and microvascular reactivity were reduced during the first hours after cardiac surgery. NIRS-derived parameters were not able to predict complications in this population of cardiac surgery patients.
Don’t stress: a case report of regional anesthesia as the primary anesthetic for gynecologic surgery in a patient with mitochondrial myopathy and possible malignant hyperthermia susceptibility
Authors: Pepper Marci B. , Njathi-Ori Catherine , Kinney Michelle Ochs 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
We aim to describe the evaluation and management of a patient with the uncommon combination of both mitochondrial myopathy and possible malignant hyperthermia susceptibility as an important source of information and as a valuable example of the role of regional anesthesia for patients with these diagnoses.

Case presentation
A 24 year old woman with a history of possible mitochondrial myopathy and possible malignant hyperthermia susceptibility presented for gynecologic surgery. Surgery was well tolerated with combined spinal epidural anesthesia as well as sedation with midazolam, ketamine, and fentanyl.

Conclusions
Anesthetic management of patients with mitochondrial myopathy is challenging, made even more so with concurrent malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. This case adds an example to the literature of employing regional anesthesia as a safe approach to this complex care.
Is KCNH1 mutation related to coronary artery ectasia
Authors: Noori Mohammad Rafi , Zhang Bo , Pan Lifei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is an uncommon finding in patients undergoing coronary angiography and acute myocardial infarction is an extremely uncommon condition in the presence of coronary artery ectasia. To date, 50 gene variants associated with coronary artery disease have been identified, but none appear to be related to coronary artery ectasia.

Case presentation
This is a rare case of Coronary artery ectasia which is considered to be related to Gene variations in potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 1, KCNH1 (encoding a protein designated ether à go-go, EAG1 or KV10.1).

Conclusion
Occurrence of Acute myocardial infarction in patient with coronary artery ectasia after diarrhea is a very rare condition and involvement of KCNH1 gene mutation which is described in this case report.
The prognostic value of postoperative blood glucose in non-diabetic patients with rheumatic heart disease
Authors: Hong Wan-zi , Wang Yu , Yu Hongjiao , Wei Xue-biao , Yu Danqing , Zhang Chun-xiang , Tan Ning , Jiang Lei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Blood glucose (BG) is a risk factor of adverse prognosis in non-diabetic patients in several conditions. However, a limited number of studies were performed to explore the relationship between postoperative BG and adverse outcomes in non-diabetic patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD).

Methods
We identified 1395 non-diabetic patients who diagnosed with having RHD, and underwent at least one valve replacement and preoperative coronary angiography. BG was measured at admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) after surgery. The association of postoperative BG level with in-hospital and one-year mortality was accordingly analyzed.

Results
Included patients were stratified into four groups according to postoperative BG level’s (mmol/L) quartiles: Q1 (< 9.3 mmol/L, n = 348), Q2 (9.3–10.9 mmol/L, n = 354), Q3 (10.9–13.2 mmol/L, n = 341), and Q4 (≥ 13.2 mmol/L, n = 352). The in-hospital death (1.1% vs. 2.3% vs. 1.8% vs. 8.2%, P < 0.001) and MACEs (2.0% vs. 3.1% vs. 2.6% vs. 9.7%, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the upper quartiles. Postoperative BG > 13.0 mmol/L was the best threshold for predicting in-hospital death (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.707, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.634–0.780, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that postoperative BG > 13.0 mmol/L was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 3.418, 95% CI: 1.713–6.821, P < 0.001). In addition, Kaplan–Meier curve analysis showed that the risk of one-year death was increased for a postoperative BG > 13.2 (log-rank = 32.762, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Postoperative BG, as a routine test, could be served as a risk measure for non-diabetic patients with RHD.
Value of exercise stress electrocardiography for stratification of exercise capacity and left ventricular systolic and diastolic function on coronary slow flow: case-control study
Authors: Wang Yonghuai , Li Jinyang , Liu Shuang , Mu Lixin , Li Guangyuan , Yu Hang , Yang Jun , Ma Chunyan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) is an angiographic entity characterized by delayed coronary opacification in absence of evident obstructive lesion in the epicardial coronary artery. However, whether patients with CSFP exhibit differing responses to exercise is still not known. This study aimed to evaluate results of exercise stress electrocardiography (ExECG) and left ventricular (LV) function during exercise, and study the value of ExECG for stratification of exercise capacity and LV function in patients with CSFP.

Methods
Thirty patients with CSFP and 24 controls were enrolled in the study. Diagnosis of CSFP was made by Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction frame count. ExECG and LV function measured by echocardiography at rest, during exercise and recovery phase were evaluated.

Results
Negative ExECG was found in 24 (80%) patients with CSFP. At rest, LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) decreased and mitral average E/e’ increased in patients with CSFP compared with controls; however, there were no differences in these parameters between CSFP patients with negative ExECG and patients with positive ExECG. During exercise, CSFP patients with negative ExECG and controls had significantly increased LV GLS and decreased mitral average E/e’, but CSFP patients with positive ExECG had significantly decreased LV GLS and increased mitral average E/e’.

Conclusions
About 80% patients with CSFP exhibited negative ExECG. CSFP patients with negative ExECG exhibited improved LV function but CSFP patients with positive ExECG exhibited impaired LV function during exercise. ExECG may aid in the stratification of exercise capacity and LV function in patients with CSFP.
A novel individualized strategy for cryoballoon catheter ablation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Ding Jun , Xu Jing , Ma Wei , Chen Bingwei , Yang Peigen , Qi Yu , Sun Shan , Cheng Aijuan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
The optimal dosage for cryoablation of atrial fibrillation (Cryo-AF) is still unknown. To evaluate the efficacy of an individualized freeze duration, we compared the clinical outcome of patients treated with a time-to-pulmonary vein isolation (TT-PVI) or temperature-guided ablation protocol to the outcome of patients treated with a conventional ablation protocol.

Methods
A total of 164 consecutive patients were included in the study. One method employed was a conventional dosing protocol (at least 2 applications of 180 s each) (the Cryo-AFConventional group n = 84), and the second method had a shorter protocol that was based on the TT-PVI or achievement of − 40 °C within 60 s (the Cryo-AFDosing group n = 80)

Results
We treated 656 pulmonary veins (PVs) with 1420 cryotherapy applications. The mean number of applications per patient was 8.7 ± 0.8, with no difference between groups (Cryo-AFConventional, 8.7 ± 0.8 versus Cryo-AFDosing,8.6 ± 0.8; P = 0.359). The Cryo-AFDosing group required significantly less total cryotherapy application time (990.60 ± 137.77versus 1501.58 ± 89.60 s; P < 0.001) and left atrial dwell time (69.91 ± 6.91 versus 86.48 ± 7.03 min; P < 0.001) than the Cryo-AFConventional group. Additionally, the Cryo-AFDosing group required significantly less total procedure time (95.03 ± 6.50 versus 112.43 ± 7.11 min; P < 0.001). We observed acute ATP-induced or spontaneous vein electric reconnections in 13 veins (1.98%) after 20 min. The reconnection rates between the Cryo-AFConventional and Cryo-AFDosing groups were similar in that 2.98 and 0.94% of the initially isolated veins were reconnected, respectively, (P = 0.061). There was no difference in the recurrence rate of free atrial arrhythmia after a 1-year follow-up, which were 78.75% in the Cryo-AFDosing group versus 78.57% in the Cryo-AFConventional group (P = 0.978).

Conclusion
A novel Cryo-AF dosing protocol guided by temperature or the TT-PVI can be used to individualize an ablation strategy. This new protocol can lead to a significant reduction in duration of the procedure, the cryoenergy dosage and the left atrial dwell time. The procedure had equal safety and similar acute and 1-year follow-up outcomes compared to the conventional approach.
Trends in the incidence and prevalence of Parkinson’s disease in Korea: a nationwide, population-based study
Authors: Park Joo-Hyun , Kim Do-Hoon , Kwon Do-Young , Choi Moonyoung , Kim Shinhye , Jung Jin-Hyung , Han Kyungdo , Park Yong-Gyu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
The lack of adequate and detailed epidemiological data of Parkinson’s disease (PD), especially in Asia, is a barrier to future disease burdens and the prospect of effective public health plans. This study aimed to investigate temporal trends in the incidence and prevalence of PD in South Korea from 2010 to 2015, based on uniform diagnostic criteria.

Methods
This study examined all PD patients registered in a South Korean national registry database of more than 50 million individuals. We analyzed the incidence and prevalence of PD according to age, gender, and region.

Results
The annual incidence of PD was between 22.4–27.8 cases per 100,000 individuals. During the 6-year study period, there were 73,726 new PD patients, 42.3% of whom were men. The standardized incidence of PD increased over time in men but remained constant in women until 2013 but began to increase in 2014. The female-to-male ratio in the incidence of PD was 1.4:1 while the female-to-male ratio in the prevalence of PD was 1.6:1. The age- and gender-standardized prevalence of PD increased from 115.9 cases per 100,000 individuals in 2010 to 139.8 cases per 100,000 individuals in 2015. From 2014, the incidence and prevalence of PD peaked in individuals aged between 80 and 89 years in both men and women. Regional analysis also showed an increased prevalence of PD in all regions of Korea.

Conclusions
The incidence and prevalence of PD in Korea were higher in women and increased gradually from 2010 to 2015. The findings may contribute to epidemiological studies of PD in Asia, and may provide clues on risk factors for PD.