bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A hub of high quality PhD education across Switzerland: SSPH+ Inter-university Graduate Campus
Authors: Walser A , Bauwens J , Abel T , Nocera S , Flahault A , Crivelli L , Künzli N 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Due to the lack of critical masses, no Swiss university offers a full PhD education in public health sciences. Separate programs are inefficient and limit students' access to multi-disciplinary exchange. To address these problems, the Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+) launched the Inter-university Graduate Campus (IGC) as a hub of high quality inter-disciplinary training offered across Switzerland. The SSPH+ Foundation, initiated by six universities (2005), meanwhile assembles 12 Swiss universities to represent the virtual inter-university multi-disciplinary faculty of &gt; 250 public health science professors and their research teams.

Objectives
The IGC provides PhD students state-of-the art training and access to inter-disciplinary research, teaching and networking with SSPH+ scientists throughout the country. The IGC Academic Board with representatives of 12 universities defines study recommendations and the course program. IGC meetings strengthen the inter-university exchange among students and supervisors. The SSPH+ IGC Internship Program widens career tracks in non-academic institutions.

Results
Currently 298 PhD students (190 women, 108 men) enrolled in 7 partner universities and from 74 countries are part of the IGC. IGC includes courses in methods, public health science topics, and soft skills, taught by international experts. The Academic Board and student representatives are working on study recommendations, and a challenging state-of-the-art course program. The IGC coordinator leads the quality assurance which includes standardized evaluation procedures of all courses.

Conclusions
The IGC is a remarkable nationwide collaboration across language regions, universities, and disciplinary borders in a country where single universities lack resources for multi-disciplinary PhD-trainings in public health sciences. Swiss as well as international PhD students enrolled in the IGC and their supervisors benefit from this unique training innovation.

Key messages
The SSPH+ Inter-university Graduate Campus, as a Swiss hub of high quality teaching in public health sciences for PhD students, is an innovative and contemporary approach for small countries. Students benefit from an excellent inter-university and inter-disciplinary public health education, an international network and an easy access to innovative, comprehensive, up-to-date teaching.
Professional education in curricular internships of occupational therapists in Primary Health Care
Authors: Fornereto A P N , Furlan P G , Ferigato S H , Moura A S , Faria C B , Giovannetti G , Cruz M C C 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study regards the experience of implementing a professional internship intended to students of Occupational Therapy in Primary Health Care in a Federal University located in São Paulo State, Brazil. Occupational therapist profession in Brazil was inserted in this level of care to offer specialised support to teams, mainly concerning qualification of care to vulnerable and invisible populations (community, family and cultural aspects), health promotion, encouragement of team work, humanisation in health. Such curricular internship occurs since 2017 to students of the 4th and 5th years of undergraduate course, completing 240 hours. How is the practice programme in Primary Health Care organised in the pedagogic project? Which are the strengths and fragilities of this field, as far as education is concerned? Among the practice scenarios, there are Basic Health Unit, Family Health Strategy teams, Family Health Support Centre, Street Clinic and University Basic Health Unit, with tutors who establish the collaboration. The interns follow individual and group cases, take part in team meetings and actions for team qualification and are also supervised weekly by a professor. Among their strengths, we can list a diversified education, based on the most recent public policies for the level of care that represents the stepping stone to the health system. As well as the access to the occupational therapy professional in this first contact, if the team identifies such necessity. Regarding challenges, there is unawareness about professional practice, difficulty to access work instruments and resources, as well as physical space. We hope this experience can help other educational institutions to implement their practice programmes in and for the health system. Egresses report that enables learning to work in a team in different scenarios. Such strategy aims to form a generalist professional, with criticality regarding challenges and potentialities of Brazilian public health.

Key messages
This study reports the experience of a professional internship of Occupational Therapy in Primary Health Care, understanding the health system as a scenario for practice, teaching and learning. Educating occupational therapists to this level of care is necessary, in agreement with the attributes of Primary Care.
Primary health care attributes of family health teams with and without family physician
Authors: Martins A C F , Pereira G A , Gomes W P P , Monteiro C N , Siqueri C A S , Sumida G T , Ramos D V R , Ribeiro R , Borges L M , Mafra A C C N 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The four essential attributes of primary health care (PHC): access, longitudinality, comprehensiveness and coordination, guide the professional practices of service management and also the professionals of the family health strategy teams. Family medicine residence (FMR) is the speciality that trains medical practitioners capable of acting properly in PHC. It develops a person-centred approach, oriented towards the individual, his family and community, which dialogues with the PHC precepts of comprehensive patient care from a social point of view. Thus, the objective of this study was to verify whether there are differences in the PHC attributes perceived by patients treated by teams with FMR doctors and by the others.

Methods
This was an observed cross-sectional study conducted during 2019, which used the Adult Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCATool) to evaluate preliminarily 28 PHC teams working at the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The teams were compared based on 337 patient answers using domains medians and Mann-Whitney tests. The study was approved by the ethics committee.

Results
Eight teams (28.6%) had doctors trained in FMR. The attributes of longitudinality and access were very similar between the two groups. The teams with FMR doctors showed better evaluations in the components: information systems, median 7.78, versus 6.67 (p = 0.391); services available, median 6.52, versus 6.06 (p = 0.086); and services received, median 4.85, versus 3.85 (p = 0.180) of the coordination and comprehensiveness attributes.

Conclusions
We didn't find statistically significant results indicating better PHC attributes of teams with FMR doctors, based on user perception. A continuous study is recommended to follow the evolution of this speciality in the PHC context.

Key messages
FMR is a fundamental key to PHC and must be evaluated continuously. It is necessary to strengthen their insertion in the Brazilian health system and discuss the ways to do so.
Core competencies for public health medicine: protocol for an Italian inter-society Delphi consensus
Authors: De Nard F , Battaglini A , De Vita E , Barbara A , Corradi A , Quattrone F , Bonaccorsi G , Damiani G , Privitera G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Developing core competencies is crucial for the quality of educational curricula in Public Health Medicine (PHM). The postgraduate medical School of Public Health of the University of Pisa developed a core curriculum for PHM specialists (CCV0), adapted from the list of core competencies promoted by the Association of Schools in Public Health of the European Region (ASPHER).

Objectives
We will apply the Garavalia method, a three-round step-wise Delphi consensus, for adapting the CCV0 to the Italian context. Participants will be enrolled through purposive sampling among the members of the Italian Society of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, aiming at the best possible balance between geographical distribution and professional profiles (PHM residents, academics, and Public Health operators). A sample of representatives of other PHM-related Italian Societies will also be included.

Results
We will invite 139 participants through e-mail invitations. During round zero, we will collect additional suggested competencies through an open-ended question. We will analyze data qualitatively and integrate the most relevant suggestions with the CCV0, resulting in the CCV1. A subgroup of 64 experts (among PHM residents, academics, and representatives of the included Societies) will participate in the following rounds. The first round will use Likert scales to measure agreement on the appropriateness of the CCV1 competencies. Consensus and agreement will be computed using the RAND/UCLA criteria. The final round will reach out for consensus repeating the same ratings for competencies classified as uncertain, with the help of quali-quantitave summaries of the answers of the first round. The final document (CC2) will report competencies classified as consensus or uncertain, with the corresponding level of consent.

Conclusions
The CC2 will enable current courses to be assessed and inform the design of future educational programs for Italian PHM residents.

Key messages
The Delphi method ensures anonymity and a balanced involvement of all stakeholders –including medical residents- in the development of a core curriculum for Public Health Medicine specialists. A consensus on core competencies in Public Health Medicine will enable the evaluation of current training curricula and the development of future educational programs.
Midwifery crisis in Africa: the introduction of the human resources information systems
Authors: Palestra F , Ussai S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Each year, 2.7 million newborns die during their first day of life: a number that equals the entire population of Namibia. In the “Year of Nursing and Midwives”, this article highlights the importance of skilled birth attendants: researchers estimate a 56% of maternal, fetal and neonatal deaths reduction in case of midwife assisted delivery.

Methods
Authors propose an integrative review involving a mapping exercise of the literature. The search included peer reviewed research and discursive literature on variables to assess the capacity of HRH.

Results
Research shows that steps to recognize and support this working relationship require multipronged approaches to address imminent training, resource and infrastructure deficits, as well as broader health system strengthening. Central Africa Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Liberia, Madagascar, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Uganda and Tanzania all experience a midwife density per 1000 population lower than 1. Improved service provision may be associated with development of supervision systems like the introduction of a human resources information system to help mobilise domestic resources. This review also looks at the level and the relative importance of each revenue.

Conclusions
Given issues such as shortages and poor retention of human resources for maternal and newborn health service delivery in low resources settings, international organizations should focus on strengthening capacity of midwives at community and facility level as a realistic measure to at least halve maternal and perinatal mortality. Information systems may contribute to the development of national and local policies in the country, which address the human resources needs of the health care system to meet regional and national demands.
References
World Health Organization. The World Health Report 2006-working together for health. UNFPA, ICM, WHO. The State of the World-s Midwifery (SoWMy) 2014.

Key messages
Information systems may contribute to the development of national and local policies in the country. international organizations should focus on strengthening capacity of midwives at community and facility level.
Institutional support: a strategy to articulate management and work in the Brazilian public health
Authors: Estefania Dias S , Maris Nicolau S , Stoever Dacal C , Stoever I , Santos Soares R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Problem
How to build health work processes that are democratic, respect the socio-cultural characteristics of their territories and promote better health conditions for the population? After 30 years, the National Health System of Brazil faces great challenges to ensure equity, universality and comprehensiveness. For this, the models and organization of management and care must seek to guarantee care and health care in a democratic manner. In São Bernardo do Campo, institutional support was established as an important management tool for the qualification of work and health care processes. As of 2009, incorporated supporters to its team as a strategy for transforming health practices and consolidating the Health Care Network.

Results
The attributions of the institutional supporter are varied, comprehensive, non-standardized and focused on individual and collective care, respecting the autonomy and the ability of users to choose and decide about their lives. They promote debates, carry out case studies and problems of the territory. They act in an interprofessional manner and articulate services from the health network and other sectors in the territories.

Lessons
Institutional support encourages the teams' ability to identify needs and seek instruments to respond to them in specific territories in an interprofessional way, helping professionals and services to work in a network and collaboratively to achieve the prescribed health policies. But this work faces challenges because the supporter circulates in many spaces and is often seen as a homeless professional. The supporter mediates several conflicts, different interests and power relations to which he is also submitted, since he does not have a hierarchical relationship with the teams, he is not a boss, although he takes and brings information from the base to the summit and vice - conversely, he is a professional who is often caught in conflicts of interest between teams, users and management.

Key messages
Increase the teams' resolving capacity, in the face of health needs within particular social contexts and seeking to identify the needs of the population to produce more appropriate responses. Democratization of health care spaces, valuing differences in territories and uniqueness of professionals and the population.
The challenges in training and education of hospital designers and planners
Authors: Capolongo S , Barach P , Brambilla A , Gola M , Signorelli C 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The designed hospital environment is one of the most complex endeavors of work and there is a growing need of specialization. Scientific, technological and research developments and innovation along with new discoveries within health promotion and prevention strategies are increasingly requiring a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approach to the design and management of hospitals. Therefore, it is likely that the current professions will be replaced and flanked by more specialized ones.

Objectives
The scope of the paper is to display an overview of the current educational courses of the emerging Hospital Planner, referring to the worldwide available training courses (BSc, MSc, specialization and PhD courses) related to healthcare design. The focus relates to the fields of Medicine and Nursing sciences, Architecture and Engineering.

Results
A preliminary investigation has been conducted of websites and snowballing technique. The search was limited to active training programs and courses. Currently several institutions offer BSc, MSc courses and PhD programs in Healthcare Design, Environmental and Building Hygiene and Public Health. As well, there are several professional postgraduate courses either in classroom or using hybrid programs including webinars. Clemson University, USA and Ontario College of Art and Design University, Canada, offer a full MSc degree in Architecture and Health. In addition, there are several joint degree programs such as physician-engineer, physician-architect, nurse-architect or engineer.

Conclusions
From the preliminary study emerged a considerable number of international experiences addressing the topic of Hospital Planner training. Further in-depth investigations will examine the topic through questionnaires and interviews of the course organization, students' experiences, outcomes and professional careers, fields of interest and collaborations with other institutions.

Key messages
Hospital environments are the most complex field of work and require many years of specialization and multidisciplinarity and influence the quality of patient outcomes. The academic stream of the built environment is evolving toward proving specific multidisciplinary courses and hands-on experiences to support a degree in hospital planning, design and management.
Leadership in Public Health: an Italian learning experience
Authors: Giovanazzi G , Barbara A , Parente P , Restivo V , Selle V , Siddu A , Silenzi A , Trucchi C , Voglino G , gualano M R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The “Public Health Leadership” Working Group of Italian Society of Public Health (S.It.I.) organized a two-days Workshop in Verona in January 2020. Leadership is linked to capacity of inspiring people to craft and achieve vision and goals, to provide mentoring, coaching and recognition and to encouragement empowerment, allowing other leaders to emerge and high quality of care. As in others country, in Italy investing in new generations is fundamental and far-sighted to create Leadership culture in tomorrow's professionals.

Objectives
The Workshop aim was to immerse Public Health residents into Health Leadership. Two types of practical/interactive experiences (Design thinking and Barometer strategy) and three speakers' interventions aroused curiosity, suggesting innovative ways to manage emerging local and global healthcare problems. Are residents interested in Leadership? Do they think Leadership could influence, motivate and enable to contribute to organization effectiveness?

Results
100 residents (Male 52, Female 48), from 72% of Public Health Schools (26), attended Workshop: 46 of 1st, 23 of 2nd, 18 of 3rd and 13 of residency program last year. Satisfaction questionnaire was completed by 58 residents (7 points Likert scale from 1 [dissatisfied/not useful] to 7 [satisfied/useful]). 5.91 pts result in interventions satisfaction, increasing from 1st (5.84) to last year (6.00); interventions topics deepening results in 5.38 pts, decreasing from 1st (5.52) to last year (5.00). Overall satisfaction on practical/interactive activities was 5.89 and 5.83 pts results in these methodologies usefulness.

Conclusions
Health Leadership is a hot topic for residents; during residency program Leadership in not a main theme and residents want to improve non-technical skills to realise organization high quality of care. The practical/interactive activities were a winning choice to capture attention and cultivate mutual trust. This experience could be adapted in other countries.

Key messages
Teaching Leadership in Public Health is a main topic that needs to be strengthened in Public Health agenda. Italian Public Health residents are very interested in Health Leadership improvement during their trainings.
Next generation sequencing applied to food safety. A new professional profile
Authors: Recchioni M , Pompei F , Cammà C , Castello V , Cito F , Del Vecchio S , Di Pasquale A , Garofolo G , D'Albenzio S , Pomilio F 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The advent of “omics” is transforming Biological Sciences. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in Food Safety represents a challenge for Clinical Microbiology and Public Health. A new professional profile which combines different domains represents a strategic lever to increase competitiveness in this field. The Erasmus+ project Learning Genomics for Food Safety(LEGO) is aimed at defining an innovative profile, the Food Microbial Bioinformatician (FMB), a professional able to use NGS technologies applied to the analysis of food-borne pathogens. FMB bridges diverse professional areas within processes integrating Genomics, Computer Science, Statistics and Microbiology. It mixes hard/technical and soft skills and competencies to be applied in different sectors. LEGO is carried out by a European consortium (UH, UTP,UNIVAQ, AINIA, UdAnet), led by IZSAM.Desk and in-field research activities have been conducted at European level to define the FMB profile, leveraging on: national/international professional classification; the 4C model, clustering the profile in 4 areas of hard and soft skills(primary - cognitive, individual, social; organisational interpersonal behaviours). The new profile development process is made of three key phaces. First of all, a questionnaire has been delivered to almost 50 experts within the Consortium to set the draft scheme concerning FMB roles, activities and competences. Secondly, a broad range of relevant stakeholders have beeninvolved for deepening relevance, frequency and complexity of each professional dimension. Finally, the collected information guided the Consortium through the validation of the new profile at the European level. The definition of a comprehensive, standard FMB profileallows to: analyse existing curricula and training gaps; ground customised modular training programmes to fill in the gaps; increase Food Safety, promoting continuous training in a sector strongly influenced by the evolution of technology.

Key messages
Professional excellence bridging different areas (both scientific and technical).Health System innovation for wellbeing and professional development of carrier pathways and mobility.