bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jayarāśi Bhaṭṭa: A Sceptic or Materialist?
Authors: Balcerowicz Piotr 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe paper examines the Tattvôpaplava-siṁha of Jayarāśi Bhaṭṭa, and presents an analysis of his positive arguments that can be traced in the work. Despite the widely held opinion that Jayarāśi was a sceptic or held no positive opinions, the author concludes that, first, Jayarāśi does not fit a standard description of a sceptic. What may appear as an approach to philosophical problems, typical of a sceptic, turns out to be Jayarāśi’s particular method of critical examination on the part of a rationalist. Second, a number of positive views Jayarāśi entertains can be identified in his work (at least seventeen), and most (if not all) of them overlap with much of the doctrine of the Cārvākas and Lokāyatas and materialist tradition recorded as early as the Sāmañña-phala-sutta. Therefore, Jayarāśi should be classified as a representative of the Cārvāka/Lokāyata tradition.
Vocational Rehabilitation with or without Work Module for Patients with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain and Sick Leave from Work: Longitudinal Impact on Work Participation
Authors: Beemster Timo T. , van Bennekom Coen A. M. , van Velzen Judith M. , Frings-Dresen Monique H. W. , Reneman Michiel F. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurpose To study the longitudinal relationship between interdisciplinary vocational rehabilitation (VR) with and without additional work module on work participation of patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain and sick leave from work. Methods Retrospective longitudinal data retrieved from care as usual in seven VR centers in the Netherlands was used. The VR program without work module consisted of multi-component healthcare (physical exercise, cognitive behavioral therapy, education, relaxation). The other program with additional work module (VR+) included case management and a workplace visit. Generalized estimating equations using binary logistic was applied. The dependent variable was work participation (achieved/not achieved) on discharge and 6-months follow-up. Independent variables were type of intervention, return to work expectation, sick leave duration, working status, job strain, and job dissatisfaction. Results Data from N = 470 patients were analyzed, of which 26% received VR and 74% VR+. Both programs increased work participation at 6-months follow-up (VR 86%, VR+ 87%). The crude model showed a significant longitudinal relationship between type of intervention and work participation in favor of VR+ (OR 1.8, p = 0.01). The final model showed a non-significant relationship on discharge (OR 1.3, p = 0.51) and a significant relationship on 6-months follow-up in favor of VR+ (OR 1.7, p = 0.04). RTW expectation was a significant confounder in the final model on discharge and 6-months follow up (OR 3.1, p = 0.00). Conclusions Both programs led to increased work participation. The addition of a work module to the VR program lead to a significant increase in odds of work participation at 6-months follow-up.
Children’s Emotions in Design-Based Learning: a Systematic Review
Authors: Zhang Feiran , Markopoulos Panos , Bekker Tilde 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDesign-based learning (DBL) is gaining increasing acceptance as a motivating and practical approach that can be used to prepare young people for the challenges of the twenty-first century. Emotions are known to influence a student’s academic performance in traditional learning, which raises the question as to what role emotions can play in DBL. This article presents a systematic survey of literature published in the last 20 years (searching from 1998 to 2019) and indexed in the Scopus, ERIC, and PsycINFO databases which contribute to our understanding of children’s emotions in DBL. This review coded a total of 34 papers that met the inclusion criteria. Findings that reported on children’s emotions are structured under three themes: (1) the affective DBL components, (2) the labeled emotions, and (3) the impact of emotions in DBL. Based on this evidence, we make recommendations for future research and compile a set of guidelines for designing DBL activities, taking into account students’ emotions that can aid their learning.
Detection of Colchicum autumnale in drone images, using a machine-learning approach
Authors: Petrich Lukas , Lohrmann Georg , Neumann Matthias , Martin Fabio , Frey Andreas , Stoll Albert , Schmidt Volker 
Published: May 2020

AbstractColchicum autumnaleare toxic autumn-blooming flowering plants, which often grow on extensive meadows and pastures. Thus, they pose a threat to farm animals especially in hay and silage. Intensive grassland management or the use of herbicides could reduce these weeds but environment protection requirements often prohibit these measures. For this reason, a non-chemical site- or plant-specific weed control is sought, which aims only at a small area around theC. autumnaleand with low impact on the surrounding flora and fauna. For this purpose, however, the exact locations of the plants must be known. In the present paper, a procedure to locate bloomingC. autumnalein high-resolution drone images in the visible light range is presented. This approach relies on convolutional neural networks to detect the flower positions. The training data, which is based on hand-labeled images, is further enhanced through image augmentation. The quality of the detection was evaluated in particular for grassland sites which were not included in the training to get an estimate for how well the detector works on previously unseen sites. In this case, 88.6% of the flowers in the test dataset were detected, which makes it suitable, e.g., for applications where the training is performed by the manufacturer of an automatic treatment tool and where the practitioners apply it to their previously unseen grassland sites.
Study of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) of the Auzon cut-off meander (Allier River, France) by spectral and photoreactivity approaches
Authors: Palma Davide , Sleiman Mohamad , Voldoire Olivier , Beauger Aude , Parlanti Edith , Richard Claire 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWetlands are recognized for the importance of their hydrological function and biodiversity, and there is now a consensus to protect and restore them as well as to complete the knowledge on their functioning. Here, we studied the dissolved organic matter (DOM) of a wetland composed of the Auzon cut-off meander, the Allier River, the alluvial fluvial flow, and watershed aquifer. Water was sampled at different locations, in spring, summer, and autumn. For each sample, DOM was characterized for its chemical and optical properties and its photooxidant capacity through its ability to generate DOM triplet excited states (3DOM*) and singlet oxygen upon simulated solar light exposure. UV-visible and fluorescence indices revealed that DOM was mainly microbial-derived whatever the sampling sites with spatial and temporal variations in terms of aromaticity (5.5–22%), specific UV absorbance at 254 nm (0.28–2.82 L m−1mgC−1), ratio of the absorbance at 254 and 365 nm (4.6–10.8), fluorescence index (1.35–166), and biological index (0.812–2.25). All the samples generated 3DOM* and singlet oxygen, rates of formation of which showed parallel variations. Using principal component analysis (PCA), we found positive correlations between the sensitizing properties of DOM samples and parameters associated to the abundance of low molecular weight and low absorbing chromophores. Moreover, the parameter variation across the wetland reinforced the hydrological movements observed in a previous study, suggesting that these parameters could be used as water connection tracers.
The Dutch LATER physical outcomes set for self-reported data in survivors of childhood cancer
Authors: Streefkerk Nina , Tissing Wim J. E. , van der Heiden-van der Loo Margriet , (Lieke) Feijen Elizabeth A. M. , van Dulmen-den Broeder Eline , Loonen Jacqueline J. , van der Pal Helena J. H. , Ronckers Cécile M. , van Santen Hanneke M. , van den Berg Marleen H. , Mulder Renée L. , Korevaar Joke C. , Kremer Leontine C. M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purposes
Studies investigating self-reported long-term morbidity in childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are using heterogeneous outcome definitions, which compromises comparability and include (un)treated asymptomatic and symptomatic outcomes. We generated a Dutch LATER core set of clinically relevant physical outcomes, based on self-reported data. Clinically relevant outcomes were defined as outcomes associated with clinical symptoms or requiring medical treatment.

Methods
First, we generated a draft outcome set based on existing questionnaires embedded in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, British Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, and Dutch LATER study. We added specific outcomes reported by survivors in the Dutch LATER questionnaire. Second, we selected a list of clinical relevant outcomes by agreement among a Dutch LATER experts team. Third, we compared the proposed clinically relevant outcomes to the severity grading of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE).

Results
A core set of 74 self-reported long-term clinically relevant physical morbidity outcomes was established. Comparison to the CTCAE showed that 36% of these clinically relevant outcomes were missing in the CTCAE.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
This proposed core outcome set of clinical relevant outcomes for self-reported data will be used to investigate the self-reported morbidity in the Dutch LATER study. Furthermore, this Dutch LATER outcome set can be used as a starting point for international harmonization for long-term outcomes in survivors of childhood cancer.
Laparoscopic Needle–Assisted Repair for Pediatric Inguinal Hernia
Authors: Nassif Mhmmad , Saad Ahmad , Nasser Mohammad 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Laparoscopic needle–assisted repair (LNAR) has recently emerged as a safe and effective alternative procedure to manage pediatric inguinal hernia. However, the literature does not address the case of the efficacy of performing the LNAR by trainees or surgeons with no wide experience in laparoscopy. Therefore, the focus of the present study is to present the results of conducting such a procedure by professionals who do not possess such an experience. In a 12-month period, we performed 18 laparoscopic needle–assisted repairs for indirect pediatric inguinal hernias by one surgeon. We have collected and analyzed data concerning operating time, postoperative course and complications, need for analgesia, recurrence, and cosmetic results. No incidents during surgery have been recorded. Fifteen patients underwent laparoscopic surgery. Two contralateral hernias were intraoperatively diagnosed. Mean time of surgery, mean hospital stay, operating time, the need for postoperative analgesia, and recurrence were close to other studies performed by experts. All procedures were completed laparoscopically. The LNAR is a simple, effective, and safe procedure even when performed by trainees or surgeons without large previous experience in laparoscopy.
Non-invasive quantitative measures of qualitative grading effectiveness as the indices of acute radiation dermatitis in breast cancer patients
Authors: Sekine Hiroshi , Kijima Yoshikazu , Kobayashi Masao , Itami Jun , Takahashi Kana , Igaki Hiroshi , Nakai Yasuo , Mizutani Hitoshi , Nomoto Yoshihito , Kikuchi Katsuko , Matsushita Haruo , Nozawa Keiko 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Recent improvement of machinery evaluation for the skin changes in various therapies enabled us to evaluate fine changes quantitatively. In this study, we performed evaluation of the changes in radiation dermatitis (RD) using quantitative and qualitative methods, and verified the validity of the conventional qualitative assessment for clinical use.

Methods
Forty-three breast cancer patients received conventional fractionated radiotherapy to whole breast after breast-conserving surgery. Erythema, pigmentation and skin dryness were evaluated qualitatively, and biophysical parameters of RD were measured using a Multi-Display Device MDD4 with a Corneometer for capacitance, a Tewameter for transepidermal water loss (TEWL), a Mexameter for erythema index and melanin index. Measurements were performed periodically until 1 year.

Results
The quantitative manifestations developed serially from skin erythema followed by dryness and pigmentation. Quantitative measurements detected the effects of irradiation earlier than that of qualitative indices. However, the grades of the domains in RD by qualitative and quantitative assessment showed similar time courses and peak periods. However, no significant correlation was observed between the skin dryness grade and skin barrier function. In contrast to serial increase in pigmentation grades, melanin index showed initial decrease followed by marked increase with significant correlation with pigmentation grades.

Conclusion
Subjectively and objectively measured results of RD were almost similar course and peak points through the study. Therefore, validity of the conventional qualitative scoring for RD is confirmed by the present quantitative assessments. Instrumental evaluations revealed the presence of modest inflammatory changes before radiotherapy and long-lasting skin dryness, suggesting indication of intervention for RD.
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni responses to salt stress and chitosan elicitor
Authors: Gerami Mahyar , Majidian Parastoo , Ghorbanpour Akram , Alipour Zeinab 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study examined the effect of chitosan elicitor with four different concentrations (0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/l) on physiological and biochemical properties of stevia under four levels of salinity stress (0, 50, 100, 150 mM level of NaCl). Salt stress caused reduction of chlorophylla(Chla), chlorophyllb(Chlb), total chlorophyll, carotenoid and total protein content. The increment of malondialdehyde (MDA) content was not significant in all NaCl levels, while the CAT and POX activities were increased as well as stevioside and rebaudioside A under salinity stress. On one side, chitosan treatments could compensate the reduction of physiological traits such as photosynthetic pigments and protein content. On the other side, chitosan caused multiple increases in malondialdehyde content, antioxidant enzymes activity (catalase and peroxidase), steviol glycosides (stevioside and rebaudioside A) under salt stress. We report for the first time, the potential of chitosan to enhance salinity-tolerant abilities in stevia through increment of the salt-adaptive factors and to diminish harmful damages caused by NaCl stress.
Modelling Patient Behaviour Using IoT Sensor Data: a Case Study to Evaluate Techniques for Modelling Domestic Behaviour in Recovery from Total Hip Replacement Surgery
Authors: Holmes Michael , Nieto Miquel Perello , Song Hao , Tonkin Emma , Grant Sabrina , Flach Peter 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe UK health service sees around 160,000 total hip or knee replacements every year and this number is expected to rise with an ageing population. Expectations of surgical outcomes are changing alongside demographic trends, whilst aftercare may be fractured as a result of resource limitations. Conventional assessments of health outcomes must evolve to keep up with these changing trends. Health outcomes may be assessed largely by self-report using Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs), such as the Oxford Hip or Oxford Knee Score, in the months up to and following surgery. Though widely used, many PROMs have methodological limitations and there is debate about how to interpret results and definitions of clinically meaningful change. With the development of a home-monitoring system, there is opportunity to characterise the relationship between PROMs and behaviour in a natural setting and to develop methods of passive monitoring of outcome and recovery after surgery. In this paper, we discuss the motivation and technology used in long-term continuous observation of movement, sleep and domestic routine for healthcare applications, such as the HEmiSPHERE project for hip and knee replacement patients. In this case study, we evaluate trends evident in data of two patients, collected over a 3-month observation period post-surgery, by comparison with scores from PROMs for sleep and movement quality, and by comparison with a third control home. We find that accelerometer and indoor localisation data correctly highlight long-term trends in sleep and movement quality and can be used to predict sleep and wake times and measure sleep and wake routine variance over time, whilst indoor localisation provides context for the domestic routine and mobility of the patient. Finally, we discuss a visual method of sharing findings with healthcare professionals.
Deep Learning for Massive MIMO Channel State Acquisition and Feedback
Authors: Boloursaz Mashhadi Mahdi , Gündüz Deniz 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMassive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems are a main enabler of the excessive throughput requirements in 5G and future generation wireless networks as they can serve many users simultaneously with high spectral and energy efficiency. To achieve this massive MIMO systems require accurate and timely channel state information (CSI), which is acquired by a training process that involves pilot transmission, CSI estimation, and feedback. This training process incurs a training overhead, which scales with the number of antennas, users, and subcarriers. Reducing the training overhead in massive MIMO systems has been a major topic of research since the emergence of the concept. Recently, deep learning (DL)-based approaches have been proposed and shown to provide significant reduction in the CSI acquisition and feedback overhead in massive MIMO systems compared to traditional techniques. In this paper, we present an overview of the state-of-the-art DL architectures and algorithms used for CSI acquisition and feedback, and provide further research directions.
Generation mechanism of 100 MG magnetic fields in the interaction of ultra-intense laser pulse with nanostructured target
Authors: Tian J. M. , Cai H. B. , Zhang W. S. , Zhang E. H. , Du B. , Zhu S. P. 
Published: May 2020

Experimental and simulation data [Moreau et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 62, 014013 (2019); Kaymak et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 035004 (2016)] indicate that self-generated magnetic fields play an important role in enhancing the flux and energy of relativistic electrons accelerated by ultra-intense laser pulse irradiation with nanostructured arrays. A fully relativistic analytical model for the generation of the magnetic field based on electron magneto-hydrodynamic description is presented here. The analytical model shows that this self-generated magnetic field originates in the nonparallel density gradient and fast electron current at the interfaces of a nanolayered target. A general formula for the self-generated magnetic field is found, which closely agrees with the simulation scaling over the relevant intensity range. The result is beneficial to the experimental designs for the interaction of the laser pulse with the nanostructured arrays to improve laser-to-electron energy coupling and the quality of forward hot electrons.
Disability-free life expectancy at old ages in Egypt
Authors: Metwally Soha 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to estimate among the older population in Egypt (aged 60 years and over): 1) disability prevalence rates, their levels of severity and the common types and 2) disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) by sex, age and disability type. Data were from the nationally representative 2016 Household Observatory Survey (HOS-2016), with 4658 persons aged 60+ constituting the study sample population. To identify individuals with disabilities, the HOS asked respondents a short set of questions on functional difficulties, as suggested by the United Nations Washington Group on Disability Statistics. The DFLE was estimated using the Sullivan method. Older (60+) women reported a higher prevalence of disability than older men. Women had longer DFLEs and longer disabled life expectancies (DLEs) than men but had lower proportions of DFLE to their total lifetime. The findings suggest that, at age 60, around 30% of life expectancy in Egypt can be expected to be with limitations in mobility and vision. Men, although they live for fewer years than women, can expect to have a greater proportion of their life expectancy free of disability. The findings of the study suggest that the contextual differences in how the process of ageing is experienced need to be considered by decision-makers when designing gender-responsive health policies.
Nitrate Removal Within Heterogeneous Riparian Aquifers Under Tidal Influence
Authors: Wallace Corey D. , Sawyer Audrey H. , Soltanian Mohamad Reza , Barnes Rebecca T. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTides in coastal rivers drive river‐groundwater (hyporheic) exchange and provide opportunities for nitrate removal that may improve coastal water quality. Silt and sand layers in coastal floodplain sediments can alter the flow and transformation of nitrate. Our goal was to understand how sediment heterogeneity influences nitrogen dynamics near tidal rivers. Numerical simulations show that oxic, variably saturated sand layers and anoxic, organic‐rich silt layers are sites of nitrification and denitrification, respectively. The exchange of river water and nitrate through heterogeneous sediments increases with sand fraction, as sand lenses become longer and more connected. The amount of nitrate removed from river water also increases but represents a smaller portion of total nitrate exchange through the hyporheic zone, causing removal efficiency to decline. Our results suggest that accurate characterization of aquifer heterogeneity leads to an improved understanding of sites of nutrient transformation within floodplain sediments.
Bathymetry Beneath Ice Shelves of Western Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, and Implications on Ice Shelf Stability
Authors: Eisermann Hannes , Eagles Graeme , Ruppel Antonia , Smith Emma Clare , Jokat Wilfried 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAntarctica's ice shelves play a key role in stabilizing the ice streams that feed them. Since basal melting largely depends on ice‐ocean interactions, it is vital to attain consistent bathymetry models to estimate water and heat exchange beneath ice shelves. We have constructed bathymetry models beneath the ice shelves of western Dronning Maud Land by inverting airborne gravity data and incorporating seismic, multibeam, and radar depth references. Our models reveal deep glacial troughs beneath the ice shelves and terminal moraines close to the continental shelf breaks, which currently limit the entry of Warm Deep Water from the Southern Ocean. The ice shelves buttress a catchment that comprises an ice volume equivalent to nearly 1 m of eustatic sea level rise, partly susceptible to ocean forcing. Changes in water temperature and thermocline depth may accelerate marine‐based ice sheet drainage and constitute an underestimated contribution to future global sea level rise.