bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and clinical impact of vertebral endplate changes after limited lumbar microdiscectomy and implantation of a bone-anchored annular closure device
Authors: Kienzler Jenny Christine , Rey Sofia , Wetzel Oliver , Atassi Hermien , Bäbler Sabrina , Burn Felice , Fandino Javier 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: An annular closure device (ACD) could potentially prevent recurrent herniation by blocking larger annular defects after limited microdiscectomy (LMD). The purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence of endplate changes (EPC) and outcome after LMD with additional implantation of an ACD to prevent reherniation. Methods: This analysis includes data from a) RCT study-arm of patients undergoing LMD with ACD implantation and b) additional patients undergoing ACD implantation at our institution. Clinical findings (VAS,ODI), radiological outcome (reherniation, implant integrity, volume of (EPC) and risk factors for EPC were assessed. Results: Seventy-two patients (37men, 47±11.63yo) underwent LMD and ACD implantation between 2013-2016. A total of 71 (99%) patients presented with some degree of EPC during the follow-up period (14.67±4.77months). In the multivariate regression analysis, localization of the anchor was the only significant predictor of EPC (p=0.038). The largest EPC measured 4.2 cm3. Reherniation was documented in 17 (24%) patients (symptomatic: n=10; asymptomatic: n=7). Six (8.3%) patients with symptomatic reherniation underwent rediscectomy. Implant failure was documented in 19 (26.4%) patients including anchor head breakage (n=1, 1.3%), dislocation of the whole device (n=5, 6.9%), and mesh dislocation into the spinal canal (n=13, 18%). Mesh subsidence within the EPC was documented in 15 (20.8%) patients. Seven (9.7%) patients underwent explantation of the entire, or parts of the device.Conclusion: Clinical improvement after LMD and ACD implantation was proven in our study. High incidence and volume of EPC did not correlate with clinical outcome. Mechanical friction of the polymer mesh with the endplate is most likely the cause of EPC after ACD.
Putative Synergetic Genes Involved in the Syntheses of Carotenoids and Flavonoids in 'Cara cara' Navel Orange as Revealed by Integrated Transcriptome and Metabolomics Analysis
Authors: Zhang Haipeng , Chen Jiajing , Peng Zhaoxin , Shi Neiyan , Liu Xiao , Wen Huan , Jiang Youwu , Cheng Yunjiang , Xu Juan , Zhang Hongyan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Carotenoids and flavonoids are important secondary metabolites in plants, which exert multiple bioactivities and benefits to human health. Although the genes that encode carotenogenesis and flavonoids enzymes are well characterized, the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that are related to the pathway genes remain to be investigated. In this study, Cara cara navel orange fruit at four development stages were used to identify the key genes and TFs for carotenoids and flavonoids accumulation.
Results
In this study, Cara cara navel orange (CNO) was used to investigate the profiles of carotenoids and flavonoids by a combination of metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses. The important stage for the accumulation of the major carotenoid, lycopene was found to be at 120 DAF (days after florescence). The transcripts of five carotenogenesis genes were highly correlated with lycopene contents, and 16, 40, 48, 24 and 18 transcription factors (TFs) were predicted to potentially bind their promoters, respectively. Narirutin was the most abundant flavonoid in the flesh at the early stages, 60 DAF was the most important stage for the accumulation of flavonoids, and 17, 22, 14, 25, 24 and 16 TFs could potentially bind their promoters, respectively. Furthermore, 15/15 candidate TFs might regulate at least three key genes and contribute to carotenoids/flavonoids accumulation in CNO fruit. Finally, a hierarchical model for the regulatory network among the pathway genes and TFs was proposed.
Conclusions
Collectively, our results suggest that DXS1, DXR, GGPPS2, PSY1 and LCYB genes were the most important genes for carotenoids accumulation, while PAL-1, PAL-4, 4CL-2, 4CL-5, CHS-1 and CHI for flavonoids biosynthesis. A total of 34 TFs were postulated as co-regulators in both pathways directly or indirectly, which might play important roles in carotenoids and flavonoids accumulation in CNO fruit.
Subtle Vertical Deviation in Intermittent Exotropia
Authors: Hong Jie , Fu Jing , Ma Nan , Meng Zhaojun , Zhao Bowen , Chu Hang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background：To detect the subtle vertical deviation in patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT) by using prism and alternate cover test, synoptophore and perceptual eye position (PEP) test. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted of 104 IXT patients and 128 controls. A detailed ophthalmic examination was conducted on each participant. Eye position was evaluated by prism and alternate cover test, synoptophore and PEP test. Stereoacuity was measured by the Randot stereoacuity test for both near and medium distances. Results: The abnormality ratio of subtle vertical deviation was significantly higher as measured by the PEP test than by synoptophore, prism and alternate cover test (PEP: 47.12%, synoptophore: 2.88%, prism and alternate cover test: 1.92%, 𝑃< 0.001). Furthermore, medium distance and near stereopsis were better in patients with normal vertical eye position than those with abnormal vertical eye position (P = 0.004 and P=0.017, respectively). No statistic differences were found between two groups both in near and far horizontal deviation measured by prism and alternate cover test (P=0.527, P=0.376). There were no significant differences in age, interocular difference in spherical equivalent (SE) between two groups (P=0.186 and P=0.117, respectively). Conclusions: An abnormal subtle vertical deviation is detected by PEP test in some patients with IXT, which is difficult to be measured by prism and alternate cover test, synoptophore. The stereoacuity is impaired by the abnormal subtle vertical deviation, rather than other factors such as age, horizontal deviation and anisometropia.
QTL Mapping for Growth-Related Traits by Constructing the First Genetic Linkage Map in Simao pine
Authors: Wang dawei , Shi chen , Li Siguang , Tang Hongyan , He Chenzhong , Cai Nianhui , Duan Anan , Gong Hede 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Simao pine is one of primary economic tree species for resin and timber production in southwest China, the exploitation and utilization are constrained by relatively lacking the genetic information. Construction a fine genetic linkage map and detecting QTLs for growth-related traits is an important section in molecular breeding program for Simao Pine. In our study, a high-resolution Simao pine genetic map employing specific locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) with an F1 population has been constructed. There were 11,544 SNPs assigned to 12 linkage groups in the map, and the total length of the map was 2,062.85 cM with a mean distance of 0.37 cM between markers. According to the phenotypic variation analysis during three consecutive years, seventeen QTLs for four traits which including six for plant height (Dh.16.1, Dh16.2, Dh17.1, Dh18.1-3), five for basal diameter (Dbd.17.1-5), four for needle length (Dnl17.1-3, Dnl18.1) and two for needle diameter (Dnd17.1 and Dnd18.1) were identified. These QTLs individually explained phenotypic variance from 11.0-16.3 %, and the LOD value ranged from 2.52 to 3.87. The result in this study provide helpful information for genomic studies and marker-assisted selection (MAS) in Simao pine.
Cost-effectiveness of Out-of-Hospital Continuous Positive Airway Pressure for Acute Respiratory Failure: Decision analytic modelling using data from a feasibility trial
Authors: Thokala Praveen , Fuller Gordon W , Keating Samuel , Herbert Esther , Rosser Andy , Gunson Imogen , Miller Joshua , Ward Matthew , Bradburn Mike , Marsh Maggie , Ren Kate 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Standard prehospital management for Acute respiratory failure (ARF) involves controlled oxygen therapy. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a potentially beneficial alternative treatment, however, it is uncertain whether this could improve outcomes and provide value for money. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of prehospital CPAP in ARF.
Methods
A cost-utility economic evaluation was performed using a probabilistic decision tree model synthesising available evidence. The model consisted of a hypothetical cohort of patients in a representative ambulance service with undifferentiated ARF, receiving standard oxygen therapy or prehospital CPAP. Costs and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) were estimated using methods recommended by NICE.
Results
In the base case analysis, using CPAP effectiveness estimates form the ACUTE trial, the mean expected costs of standard care and prehospital CPAP were £15,201 and £14,850 respectively and the corresponding mean expected QALYs were 1.190 and 1.128, respectively. The mean ICER estimated as standard oxygen therapy compared to prehospital CPAP was £5,685 per QALY which indicated that standard oxygen therapy strategy was likely to be cost-effective at a threshold of £20,000 per QALY (67% probability). The scenario analysis, using effectiveness estimates from an updated meta-analysis, suggested that prehospital CPAP was more effective (mean incremental QALYs of 0.157), but also more expensive (mean incremental costs of £1,522), than standard care. The mean ICER, estimated as prehospital CPAP compared to standard care, was £9,712 per QALY. At the £20,000 per QALY prehospital CPAP was highly likely to be the most cost-effective strategy (94%).
Conclusions
Cost-effectiveness of prehospital CPAP depends upon the estimate of effectiveness. When based on a small pragmatic feasibility trial, standard oxygen therapy is cost-effective. When based on meta-analysis of heterogeneous trials, CPAP is cost-effective. Value of information analyses support commissioning of a large pragmatic effectiveness trial, providing feasibility and plausibility conditions are met.
A Potential Role for Insulin Treatment During Pregnancy in Reducing Postpartum Psychological Distress in Maternal Obesity: An Administrative Population Health Study
Authors: Jarmasz Jessica Stawski , ANDERSON Alexandrea , Bock Margaret E. , Jin Yan , Cattini Peter A. , Ruth Chelsea 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Obesity in pregnancy carries significant risks on mother and child. Studies have found an association between obesity and increased risk for peripartum depression, which has also been linked to decreased placental lactogen levels. In addition, women with obesity treated for gestational diabetes with insulin were found to have increased levels of placental lactogen. Treatment options exist for perinatal and postpartum depression however, they pose a risk to the developing offspring. Thus, prevention as well as markers for early identification of peripartum depression are needed. Methods: Administrative health data (2002/03-2018/19) housed at the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy were used to identify the association between insulin treatment in pregnancy and the risk of postpartum psychological distress (abbreviated here as PPD). This was effectuated in a cohort of women (age 15+ years) who gave birth (N=250,746) and had no pre-existing mood/anxiety disorders or diabetes (N=222,863 excluded). Women were then divided into two groups: lean (N=17,975) and with obesity (N=9,908), which was identified by a recorded maternal weight of >38 - <65.6 kg and ≥85 - <186 kg (respectively). The risk of PPD within one year after delivery with and without insulin treatment was assessed by Poisson regression analysis. Models were adjusted for maternal age group (at pregnancy start date) and area-level income (at delivery). Results: The unadjusted risk of PPD was higher in the obesity group (8.56%; 95% CI 8.00 - 9.15) than in the lean group (6.93%; 95% CI 6.56 - 7.33). When no insulin treatment was given during pregnancy, mothers with obesity had a significantly higher risk of PPD than the lean group (aRR 1.27; 95% CI 1.17-1.39; p<0.0001). However, when women with obesity and insulin treatment were compared to the lean group with no insulin treatment, no significant difference in the risk of PPD was observed between the groups (aRR 1.30; 95% CI 0.83-2.02; p=0.248). Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate a positive association between insulin treatment in pregnancy among women with obesity and reduced PPD rates, suggesting insulin as a preventative measure, and further supporting placental lactogen levels as a potential marker for early identification.
A GPU Based Multidimensional Amplitude Analysis to Search for Tetraquark Candidates
Authors: Sur Nairit , Cristella Leonardo , Florio Adriano Di , Mastrapasqua Vincenzo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The demand for computational resources is steadily increasing in experimental high energy physics as the current collider experiments continue to accumulate huge amounts of data while physicists indulge in more complex and ambitious analysis strategies. This is especially true in the fields of hadron spectroscopy and flavour physics where the analyses often depend on complex multidimensional unbinned maximum-likelihood fits, with several dozens of free parameters, with the aim to study the quark structure of hadrons.
Graphics processing units (GPUs) represent one of the most sophisticated and versatile parallel computing architectures that are becoming popular toolkits for high energy physicists to meet their computational demands. GooFit is an upcoming open-source tool interfacing ROOT/RooFit to the CUDA platform on NVIDIA GPUs that acts as a bridge between the MINUIT minimization algorithm and a parallel processor, allowing probability density functions to be estimated on multiple cores simultaneously.
In this article, a full-fledged amplitude analysis framework developed using GooFit is tested for its speed and reliability. The four-dimensional fitter framework, one of the firsts of its kind to be built on GooFit, is geared towards the search for exotic tetraquark states in the [[EQUATION]] decays that can also be seamlessly adapted for other similar analyses. The GooFit fitter running on GPUs shows a remarkable speed-up in the computing performance when compared to a ROOT/RooFit implementation of the same, running on multicore CPU clusters. Furthermore, it shows sensitivity to components with small contributions to the overall fit. It has the potential to be a powerful tool for sensitive and computationally intensive physics analyses.
The role of Intermediate Respiratory Care Units in preventing ICU collapse during the COVID pandemic.
Authors: Heili Sarah , Miguel María del Pilar Carballosa de , Prieto Alba Naya , Ormaechea Itziar Fernández , blas Farah Ezzine de , Yeste Pablo López , Hierro Francisco Jos Laso del , Pérez Ainhoa Izquierdo , Choukri Marwan Mohamed , Mayoral Herminia Ortiz , Debek Abdulkader El Hachem , Velando Andrés Giménez , Guzmán Marcel José Rodriguez , Pastor Elena Cabezas , Minguez Pablo , Fernández Ignacio Mahillo , González Antonio Herrero , Fuente Lorena De La , Hiscock Luis Jiménez , Vizuete Sandra Pelícano , Fernández Rebeca Armenta , Venegas María José Checa , Romero Germán Peces-Barba 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction : There is limited information describing features and outcomes of patients requiring Intermediate Respiratory Care Unit (IRCU) hospitalization for COVID19 disease and as of yet, no mechanical or medical treatments have clearly demonstrated efficacy in IRCU. Methods : Demographics and clinical variables on admission, as well as medical and mechanical therapeutic interventions, were extracted from Electronic Clinical Records in 274 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients attending a third level hospital IRCU. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, variables that best discriminated mortality were obtained. Principal components analysis and a neural network (NN) algorithm were applied. Results : In relation to respiratory support, high-flow oxygen therapy and weaning procedures were associated with survival as were CPAP and non-invasive ventilation with low levels of support among the most severely affected. The IRCU achieved a survival rate of 87.6%, avoided 178 ICU admissions, successfully referred 35% to the ICU, and of these, 94% later survived the weaning phase. Higher mortality incidence was associated with cardiac and respiratory diseases and fever, heart rhythm and blood pressure disturbances. Following analysis of specific therapeutic options Corticoids and Anticoagulants were associated with better outcomes. Conclusions : The IRCU prevented the collapse of the ICU, allowed for recovered ICU patients to be quickly released from their unit, thus freeing up critical care beds and permitting them to function more effectively and in terms of mortality, achieved good results, that did not worsen due to a possible delay in intubation. In addition, we have generated an open-access NN capable of identifying severity predictors of SARS-CoV-2.
Evaluation of Drug Dose Calculation Ability of Nursing Students: An Interventional Study
Authors: Sarraf Deependra Prasad , Karn Basant Kumar , Shrestha Erina 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Incorrect drug dose calculations by nursing students can cause drug errors and harm patients. Their ability to calculate the correct dosage of drugs consistently need to be evaluated regularly. The objective of the study was to evaluate the drug dose calculation ability of nursing students.Methods: A pre-post interventional study was conducted among 99 undergraduate nursing students studying in 2nd, 3rd and 4th year. Pre-test was conducted using a 20-item self-administered questionnaire on drug dose calculation test followed by a 30 minute lecture on the methods of drug dose calculation. Post-test was conducted using the same questionnaire after a washout period of six weeks. Mean score, standard deviation, frequency and percentage were calculated. Student t test, one way ANOVA and McNemar Test were used for statistical analysis using SPSS version 11.5 at P-value of 0.05.Results: Pre-test and post-test mean score were 10.59 ± 3.00 and 15.36 ± 2.46 respectively. There was 45.04% increase in mean score in the post-test after the intervention and it was statistically significant (P-value < 0.05). None of students scored more than 90% of mastery level in the pretest and 42 students (42.4%) scored more than 90% of mastery level in the post-test. The mean score was highest for third year students in both pre-test and post-test; however, it was statistically not significant (P-value > 0.05).Conclusions: Drug dose calculation ability of the students was poor in the pre-test and it significantly improved after the intervention. The study findings highlight the need for regular continuing mathematical and drug dose calculation practice among the students.
Novel kind of decagonal ordering in Al74Cr15Fe11
Authors: Ma Haikun , He Zhanbing , Li Hua , Zhang Tiantian , Zhang Shuang , Dong Chuang , Steurer Walter 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) study of the intermetallic compound Al74Cr15Fe11 reveals a novel kind of aperiodic order. In contrast to the common quasi-unit-cells based on Gummelt decagons, the present structure is related to a covering formed by Andritz decagons, which can also be described by a Hexagon-Bowtie (HB) tiling. This is the first observation of a decagonal quasicrystal with a structure significantly differing from the ones known so far.
Analysis of Mitochondrial D-Loop Cloning Sequence Variations in Yak (Bos Grunniens)
Authors: Bo Liu , Lu Xingwang , Wang Haiqing , Tao Xiaoyan , Yang Qien , Dou Quanwen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Yaks (Bos grunniens) are a livestock species that is highly adapted to the extremely conditions of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Heteroplasmy and nuclear-mitochondrial DNA have been reported in many species, but are still unknown in yaks. The diversity of D-loop sequences, derived from the sequencing of PCR products, provides widely-used maternal DNA markers for the study of yak population and biology. D-loop variations were examined by sequencing the mono clones of the PCR products from individuals, and a comparative analysis with other documented PCR-product based sequences was conducted.Results: Twenty-two and 27 variants were detected in 25 and 38 clones in two different yak individuals, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis in each demonstrated that variants could be grouped into two distinct major clades individual. Analysis of the D-loop sequences of domesticated yaks and wild yaks (Bos grunniens mutus) from the gene bank, which were originally obtained by sequencing of the PCR products, also revealed the two distinct clades. Integrative analysis of all the above variants indicated two major distinct clades, consistent with the respective analysis. One common variant was revealed to be shared by the differently sourced sequences. Furthermore, consensus comparison of all clone sequences revealed 13 differential sites between the two major clades, which are still strongly conserved in sequences from the gene bank. A few recombination events were detected between individual variants, and the supposed recombinants displayed distinct phylogenetic divergence from those in the same clade. Conclusion: Highly varied D-loop sequences were detected in the individual yaks. The detected variants were clustered into two deeply divergent clades as the haplotypes reported by other researchers employing PCR-product based D-loop sequences. This suggests either or both of heteroplasmy and nuclear-mitochondrial DNA in yaks, and also emphasizes the need for reconsidering D-loop sequences as haploid and matrilineal markers for phylogenetic analysis in yaks.
Epstein–Barr Virus and Cytomegalovirus Reactivation in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Im Jae Hyoung , Lee Jin-Soo , Kwon Hea Yoon , Chung Moon-Hyun , Baek JiHyeon 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSince first report of COVID-19 in December 2019, it has spread to a pandemic, making many deaths. Dysfunction of immune function is considered as one of the reasons for high mortality. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation in severe patients is thought to be related to immune dysfunction but is not yet known in COVID-19. MethodsWe conducted EBV and CMV real-time PCR confirmed patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to our hospitals.ResultsOf the 61 COVID-19 patients, nine EBV and two CMV viremia were found. The group with EBV viremia had a higher probability of progressing to severe COVID-19 infection than the group without, but it was not statistically significant. One out of two people with CMV viremia died and one survived after Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation use. ConclusionsOur study suggests immune dysfunction in COVID-19, and further research is needed on the role of EBV/CMV in COVID-19.