bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selected risk factors of dental caries in 11- to 13- years old schoolchildren in Slovakia
Authors: Stefanova Eliska , Baska Tibor , Holubcikova Jana , Timkova Silvia , Tatarkova Maria , Sovicova Miroslava , Hudeckova Henrieta 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Oral diseases, particularly dental caries, affect as much as 9 in 10 persons globally. Its development starts during childhood and among factors participating in its aetiology, behavioural ones play a particularly important role. The aim of the study was to examine the selected behavioural risk factors of dental caries in Slovak adolescents between 2006 and 2018. Methods: We analysed occurrence of the selected factors (teeth brushing less than once a day, eating sweets and drinking sweetened soft drinks daily and their combination) in 11 to 13 years old schoolchildren in Slovakia by gender and socio-economic status using data from Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children surveys carried out in 2005/2006, 2009/2010, 2013/2014 and 2017/2018. Results: Consumption of sweets and sweetened soft drinks, despite of decline, remains widespread (41.3% of boys and 39.6% of girls in 2017/2018). Absence of daily teeth brushing, similarly as co-occurrence of these two risk factors, were more frequent in boys (10.6% and 5.0% in 2017/2018, respectively) than in girls (5.1% and 2.3% in 2017/2018, respectively). Absence of daily teeth brushing was associated with lower socioeconomic situation. Conclusions: Behavioural risk factors of dental caries play significant role in oral health of adolescents in Slovakia. Despite positive development of the epidemiological situation, effective interventions focused on consumption of sweets and sweetened soft drinks as well as improvement of oral hygiene in lower socioeconomic groups are needed.
Optimization of parasite DNA enrichment approaches to generate whole genome sequencing data for Plasmodium falciparum from low-parasitemia samples
Authors: Shah Zalak , Adams Matthew , Moser Kara A , Shrestha Biraj , Stucke Emily M , Laufer Miriam K , Serre David , Silva Joana C , Takala-Harrison Shannon 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Owing to the large amount of host DNA in clinical samples, generation of high-quality Plasmodium falciparum whole genome sequencing (WGS) data requires enrichment for parasite DNA. Enrichment is often achieved by leukocyte depletion of infected blood prior to storage. However, leukocyte depletion is difficult in low-resource settings and limits analysis to prospectively-collected samples. As a result, approaches such as selective whole genome amplification (sWGA) are being used to enrich for parasite DNA, reducing the need for pre-processing of samples. However, sWGA has had limited success in generating reliable sequencing data from low parasitemia samples. In this study, we evaluated whether enzymatic digestion with MspJI prior to sWGA and whole genome sequencing improves genome coverage compared to sWGA alone when applied to samples representing a range of parasitemias. We also examined the potential of sWGA to cause amplification bias in polyclonal infections. Results: MspJI digestion did not enrich for parasite DNA. Samples that underwent filtration prior to sWGA had the highest parasite DNA yield and displayed higher genome coverage compared to MspJI+sWGA and sWGA only, particularly for low parasitemia samples. The optimized sWGA approach was successfully used to generate WGS data from 218 non-leukocyte depleted field samples from Malawi. Sequences from lab-created mixtures of parasite isolates from the same geographic region generated using the optimized sWGA did not show evidence of differential amplification of parasite strains compared to directly sequenced samples. Conclusion: The optimized sWGA approach is a reliable method to obtain WGS data from non-leukocyte depleted, low parasitemia samples. The absence of amplification bias in data generated from mixtures of isolates from the same geographic region suggests that this approach can be appropriately used for molecular epidemiological studies.
Transcriptome profiling of non-climacteric ‘Yellow’ melon during ripening: insights of sugar metabolism
Authors: Schemberger Michelle Orane , Stroka Marília Aparecida , Reis Letícia , Los Kamila Karoline de Souza , de Araujo Gillize Aparecida Telles , Sfeir Michelle Zibetti Tadra , Galvão Carolina Weigert , Etto Rafael Mazer , Baptistão Amanda Regina Godoy , Ayub Ricardo Antonio 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: The non-climacteric ‘Yellow’ melon (Cucumis melo, inodorus group) is an economically important crop and its quality is mainly determined by the sugar content. Thus, the knowledge of sugar metabolism and its related pathways can contribute to development of new field management and post-harvest practices, making it possible to deliver to consumers better quality fruits.Results: The RNA-seq associated with RT-qPCR analyses of four maturation stages were performed to identify important enzymes and pathways that are involved in the sugar metabolism profile in non-climacteric ‘Yellow’ melon fruit. We identified 895 genes 10 DAP-biased and 909 genes 40 DAP-biased. The global analyses evidenced pathways related to sucrose metabolism; hormone signal transduction; DNA and protein processing like significant metabolisms in the melon ripening. For fruit sucrose metabolism, 17 genes were differentially expressed (DE) whose pattern varied throughout fruit development.Conclusions: The results demonstrated important enzymes in the sugar pathway those are responsible for the sucrose content and maturation profile in non-climacteric ‘Yellow’ melon. New DE genes were first detected for melon in this study such as invertase inhibitor LIKE 3 (CmINH3), trehalose phosphate phosphatase (CmTPP1) and trehalose phosphate synthases (CmTPS5, CmTPS7, CmTPS9). Besides that, the results of the protein-protein network interaction demonstrated general characteristics of the transcriptome of young and full-ripe melon. Keywords: Cucumis melo, RNA-seq, sucrose, fruit ripening, gene expression
Transcriptome analysis reveals differentially expressed genes for improving survival of dormant Apostichopus japonicus in response to high temperature
Authors: Qiuhua Yang , Xusheng Zhang , Zhen Lu , Ruifang Huang , Tran Ngoc Tuan , Jianshao Wu , Fuyuan Yang , Hui Ge , Chenhui Zhong , Denggao Qiu , Qian Sun , Liaoyuan Zhang , Shengkang Li , Chen Zhou , Qi Lin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Aestivation is one of the strategies used by sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicas) in order to improve survival in response to the high-temperature and droughty conditions. Previous studies have carried out to investigate the immune or physiological alterations at the aestivation stage. However, it lacks information on the relationship between immunity and physiology. Herein, transcriptome sequencing was used to study gene expression during the aestivation stage. The results of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms that protect sea cucumbers from the high-temperature condition, which favors improving survival in cultured sea cucumbers. Results: The transcriptome analysis of dormant (aestivation) and revival sea cucumbers generated 2,368 differentially expressed genes (down-regulation: 927; up-regulation: 1,441) and 39,081 unchanged genes. Basing on Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses, the down-regulated genes of dormant group were identified to be involved in DNA replication, RNA metabolic process, protein modification and biosynthesis, macromolecule metabolism, and cellular metabolism, which resulted in the inhibition of motility, skeletal development, neural activity, cell proliferation and development of A. japonicas. In contrast, the up-regulated genes were associated with fatty acid metabolism, carbohydrate hydrolysis, and phagocytosis. Protein-protein interaction network analysis further revealed that carbohydrate hydrolysis promoted the phagocytosis activity in the dormant group. Furthermore, the expression pattern of all tested genes in qRT-PCR analysis fitted well with those in RNA-Seq, with the exception of FASNL, which was unchanged in the qRT-PCR but up-regulated in RNA-seq. Conclusions: During the dormant stage, sea cucumbers decreased DNA replication, transcription and translation to achieve a hypometabolic state beneficial for reducing energy consumption. On the contrary, fatty acid metabolism and carbohydrate hydrolysis were increased for energy supply. Moreover, high levels of carbohydrate hydrolysis promoted phagocytosis, which is a crucial innate immune response to infection by pathogens. These results provided new insight into potential molecular mechanisms that enable the sea cucumbers to respond to high temperatures. Keywords: Aestivation, Apostichopus japonicas, hypometabolism, fatty acid metabolism, carbohydrate hydrolysis, phagocytosis
Genomic Analysis Of Spanish Wheat Landraces Reveals Their Variability And Potential For Breeding
Authors: Pascual Laura , Ruiz Magdalena , López-Fernández Matilde , Pérez-Peña Helena , Benavente Elena , Vázquez José Francisco , Sansaloni Carolina , Giraldo Patricia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
One of the main goals of the plant breeding in the 21 st century is the development of crop cultivars that can maintain current yields in unfavorable environments. Landraces that have been grown under varying local conditions include genetic diversity that will be essential to achieve this objective. The Center of Plant Genetic Resources of the Spanish Institute for Agriculture Research maintains a broad collection of wheat landraces. These accessions, which are locally adapted to diverse eco-climatic conditions, represent highly valuable materials for breeding. However, their efficient use requires an exhaustive genetic characterization. The overall aim of this study was to assess the diversity and population structure of a selected set of 380 Spanish landraces and 52 reference varieties of bread and durum wheat by high-throughput genotyping.
Results
The DArTseq GBS approach generated 10K SNPs and 40K high-quality DArT markers, which were mapped against the currently available bread and durum wheat reference genomes. The markers with known locations were distributed across all chromosomes with relatively well-balanced genome-wide coverage. The genetic analysis showed that the Spanish wheat landraces were clustered in different groups, thus representing genetic pools providing a range of allelic variation. The subspecies had a major impact on the population structure of the durum wheat landraces, with three distinct clusters that corresponded to subsps. durum , turgidum and dicoccon being identified. The population structure of bread wheat landraces was mainly biased by geographic origin.
Conclusions
The results showed broader genetic diversity in the landraces compared to a reference set that included commercial varieties and higher divergence between the landraces and the reference set in durum wheat than in bread wheat. The analyses revealed genomic regions whose patterns of variation were markedly different in the landraces and reference varieties, indicating loci that have been under selection during crop improvement, which could help to target breeding efforts. The results obtained from this work will provide a basis for future genome-wide association studies.
Botanic Gardens Are Important Contributors to Crop Wild Relative Preservation
Authors: Meyer Abby , Barton Nicholas 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTHumans rely on crop wild relatives (CWRs) for sustainable agriculture and food security through augmentation of crop yield, disease resistance, and climatic tolerance, among other important traits. Many CWRs are underrepresented in crop gene banks. With at least one‐third of known plant species maintained in botanic garden living collections, the botanic garden community serves as an important global ex situ network that supports plant conservation and research around the world. We sought to characterize botanic garden holdings of CWRs and demonstrate capacity for cross‐sector coordination in support of CWR ex situ preservation. To do this, Botanic Gardens Conservation International US (BGCI‐US), in partnership with the United States Botanic Garden, used the BGCI PlantSearch database to conduct an ex situ survey of CWRs maintained in botanic gardens. We found 28.6% of global priority CWR taxa and 75.4% of US priority CWR taxa represented in botanic gardens. By comparing with priority CWR holdings in crop gene banks, botanic gardens maintain 22 global priority and 108 US priority CWR taxa not reported by crop gene banks. A combination of crop gene bank and botanic garden holdings results in broader taxonomic coverage. Looking more closely at 10 US priority CWR species, findings demonstrate that botanic gardens have the capacity to fill critical CWRs gaps in crop gene bank collections, and botanic gardens maintain samples from wild populations not represented in crop gene banks. We call on the crop gene bank and botanic garden communities to use an integrated collections development approach for further coordination, complementarity, and duplication of ex situ CWR plant genetic resources.
Insight into the Wetting Property of a Nanofiber Membrane by the Geometrical Potential
Authors: Peng Ning-bo , He Ji-huan 
Published: November 2019

Background:There are many patents on design of a material surface with special wetting property, however, theoretical methods are lacked. The wetting property of a nanofiber member has attracted much attention. A material with different sizes or with different structures possesses different wetting properties. No theory can explain the phenomenon.Methods:The contact angle, fiber fineness, pore size and layer of the nanofiber membrane were tested. The contact angles were measured for membranes with different thicknesses. The geometrical potential is used to explain the experimental phenomenon.Results:The wetting property of a nanofiber membrane mainly depends on fiber diameter and thickness.Conclusion:Wetting property of a PVA nanofiber membrane depends upon not only the hydrophilic groups, but also the geometrical structure of its surface, the latter prevails when the porous size of the membrane tends to a nanoscale, and the wetting property can be inverted from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity.
Issues Related to Men Participation Towards Incidence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) After The Merapi Eruption 2010 in Indonesia
Authors: Dwinantoaji Hastoro , Kanbara Sakiko , Hapsari Elsi Dwi , Widyawati Widyawati 
Published: November 2019

Background:Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) issues often get less priority than other aspects of humanitarian health response in emergencies and disasters. We aimed to explore the men’s perceptions of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), men’s involvement, and barriers to STIs prevention among men in the affected area by Merapi eruption 2010.Methods:The study used qualitative content analysis. Data were collected through face-to-face in-depth interviews with 2 participants living with STIs and focus on group discussions with 22 participants who witnessed Merapi eruption 2010 from December 2016 to March 2017 in Sleman District, the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia, including academicians, community leaders and community health workers.Results:Participants from the disaster site were mostly senior high school graduates aged between 33 and 46 years. Four themes developed from fourteen categories that represented the men’s perceptions of STIs, men’s involvement, and barriers to the STIs prevention among men in the affected area by Merapi eruption 2010, were revealed from the investigation.Conclusion:Low participation of men in STIs prevention has led to poor SRH outcomes among women. Nurses have a main role in Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) to enhance the awareness and understanding of people in preparedness for future disasters. Thus, it is necessary for nurses and other health professionals involved in DRR to optimize coordination with community leaders, community health volunteers (health cadres), and other stakeholders to prevent the transmission of communicable diseases in the community.
Identification of Key Nodes in Distributed Access Control Model
Authors: Cai Fangbo , He Jingsha , Han Song , Li Wenxin 
Published: November 2019

Background:
With the complexity of the network structure and the diversity of access,
the access control model of distributed permissions management came into being.

Aims:
The central idea of the model is to store the access permissions of all nodes in the model to
the network nodes covered by the access control model, and let the neighboring nodes act as access
control agents. That is, each node in the model is a routing node in the execution of a certain access
control.

Methods:
Considering the execution parameters of distributed access control model, the evaluation
index of key node identification technology in distributed authorized access control model is established.
Access control to achieve the management of distributed permissions. It is necessary to protect
the key nodes in the model, increase the robustness of the access control model and support the
smooth implementation of distributed access.

Results:
This paper presents a key node recognition algorithm based on distributed access control
magic. The application of key node recognition algorithm in distributed access control model in traditional
network is compared.

Conclusion:
Compared with the traditional key node recognition algorithm in the distributed access
control model, the algorithm proposed in this paper is more accurate.
Using Narrative Game Design to Increase Children’s Physical Activity: Exploratory Thematic Analysis
Authors: Lu Amy Shirong , Green Melanie C , Thompson Debbe 
Published: November 2019

Background
Physical activity is crucial for child obesity prevention and intervention. Narratives embedded in active games can increase children’s physical activity.

Objective
Little is known about the narrative characteristics that would motivate children to exercise. We attempted to fill the gaps in understanding regarding narrative design for active video games.

Methods
In this exploratory study, four animated narratives of different genres were professionally generated. Children (N=41) between the ages of 8 and 12 years were interviewed to identify their preferences. Sessions were digitally recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using exploratory thematic analysis.

Results
Findings revealed that the children rated the dystopian science fiction story as their favorite across all weight, race, and gender groups. The physical activity-friendly narrative strategies included virtuous characters, extraordinary character actions, interesting plots, super powers, and engaging cliffhangers. Alternatively, information not related to physical activity, difficult-to-follow plot lines, passive protagonists, and repetitive narrative tropes were less appealing for physical activity.

Conclusions
This research provides preliminary evidence that narratives have characteristics that may increase child physical activity when playing active games. Future empirical studies should verify and test these design principles.
Grassroots Adoption of Cloud-Based Storage Solutions
Authors: Raddatz Nirmalee I. , Stafford Thomas , Van Slyke Craig , Warkentin Merrill 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
The introduction of innovative technologies by employees into their workplace has been a long-standing practice. This informal introduction of technology within an organization without the organizational support or sanction is defined as “grassroots diffusion.” While a plethora of research studies have focused on factors contributing to individuals' technology adoption decisions, these studies have failed to understand the factors that contribute to technology adoption and continuance usage through the grassroots diffusion process. In understanding the factors that contribute to the grassroots diffusion process, we test a model by administering a survey to full- and part-time employees who use a cloud-based storage application for work-related tasks and who work for organizations that do not formally provide and require the use of the chosen application. The results suggest that source credibility, response cost, satisfaction, and perceived usefulness have significant influence on continuance usage intention of cloud-based applications adopted through the grassroots diffusion process.
Internal Motivators for the Protection of Organizational Data
Authors: Raddatz Nirmalee I. , Coyne Joshua G. , Trinkle Bradley S. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of internal motivators (psychological ownership, perceived control, and self-efficacy) on employees' intention to protect organizational data. The threat of cybersecurity breaches is increasing, as are the realization of cybersecurity breaches and the subsequent loss of data. While information security policies increase employees' intentions to protect organizational data, they do not guarantee employee compliance. Results indicate that self-efficacy is associated with perceived control, which, in turn, is associated with perceived psychological ownership of organizational data. Furthermore, self-efficacy and psychological ownership are both associated with an increase in intention to protect organizational data.
Influence of Spectroscopic Techniques on the Estimation of the Degree of Conversion of Bulk-fill Composites
Authors: Bolaños-Carmona V , Benavides-Reyes C , González-López S , González-Rodríguez P , Álvarez-Lloret P 
Published: November 2019

SUMMARY

Objectives:
To compare the degree of conversion (DC) of different flowable and sculptable bulk-fill composites (BFC), at 0- and 4-mm depths from the surface, by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), attenuated total reflection FTIR (ATR-FTIR), and FT-Raman spectroscopic techniques.

Methods and Materials:
Six BFC were investigated, including three sculptable composites (Admira Fusion [Voco], Aura Bulk Fill [SDI], and X-tra Fill [Voco]) and three flowable composites (Venus Bulk Fill [Heraeus], Filtek [3M], and X-tra Base [Voco]). Three molds of each composite were light cured as specified by the manufacturer. For each mold, slices corresponding to 0-mm (surface) and 4-mm depth were analyzed by spectroscopic techniques: ATR-FTIR, FTIR, and FT-Raman. The spectra of uncured composite material were used as an analytical control for background subtraction of the treated composite. The area and amplitude of the reference peaks (1607 and 1637 cm−1) were obtained to calculate the DC percentage at 0- and 4-mm depth. A Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test was used for materials, and paired comparisons were made using Mann-Whitney nonparametric test. Wilcoxon's rank test was used for comparison between spectroscopic methods and between 0- and 4-mm depth in each composite. Significance was accepted at p&lt;0.05.

Results:
FTIR showed significantly lower DC values, both in areas and amplitudes of the peaks, when compared with the results reported by different BFC. Differences between the surface and 4-mm depth were detected more precisely by FT-Raman. ATR-FTIR obtained DC values significantly higher than those obtained by FTIR.

Conclusions:
The vibrational spectroscopy method significantly influenced DC measurements of the flowable and sculptable BFC explored.