bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A self‐help intervention for reducing time to diagnosis in Indonesian women with breast cancer symptoms
Authors: Setyowibowo Hari , Hunfeld Joke A. M. , Iskandarsyah Aulia , Yudiana Whisnu , Passchier Jan , Sadarjoen Sawitri S. , Badudu Dharmayanti F. , Suardi Drajat R. , Hof Edith van‘t , Sijbrandij Marit 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated the effectiveness of a self‐help intervention named PERANTARA, which aims to improve adherence to diagnostic procedures among women with breast cancer (BC) symptoms to reduce the time to a definitive diagnosis.MethodsWith a cluster randomized crossover design across four hospitals, PERANTARA and treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU only was provided at successive periods in a randomly determined order. The main outcome was the time between the first medical consultation and the definitive diagnosis. Secondary outcomes were BC knowledge, measured by the Breast Cancer Knowledge Test (BCKT); symptoms of anxiety and depression, measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); quality of life, measured by the World Health Organization Quality of Life‐BREF (WHOQOL‐BREF); and health status, measured by the EQ‐5D‐5L. A linear mixed model analysis was conducted to analyse the outcomes.ResultsWe recruited 132 women with BC symptoms from four hospitals; 67 participants were in the intervention group, and 65 participants were in the control group. PERANTARA reduced the time to definitive diagnosis by 13.3 days (M [SD]: 25.90 [23.20] in the intervention group vs 39.29 [35.10] in the control group; mean difference = −13.26, 95% CI = −24.51 to −2.00, P = .02). No significant difference was found between the groups in BC knowledge, symptoms of anxiety, depression, quality of life, or health status.ConclusionsPERANTARA reduced the time to definitive diagnosis among Indonesian women with BC symptoms. Psychoeducation may be an important addition to regular BC care to prevent undue delays in diagnostic procedures.
Mechanical Deformation–Assisted Fabrication of Plasmonic Nanobowties with Broken Symmetry and Tunable Gaps
Authors: Liu Yue‐Feng , Zhang Runyu , Braun Paul V. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA symmetry broken and gap tunable gold nanobowtie array is demonstrated by nanosphere lithography performed on a mechanically uniaxially prestretched elastomeric substrate. Due to symmetry breaking of each nanotriangle with its three neighboring nanotriangles once the uniaxial prestretch is released, the structure exhibits polarization‐dependent optical properties. In addition, the decrease in the gap between adjacent triangles provided by mechanical relaxation of the substrate enhances the electric field enhancement between adjacent triangles, which in turn results in enhanced Raman scattering from molecules present in the gap. Triangle apex‐to‐apex gaps as small as 20 nm are generated using a colloidal crystal formed from 500 nm colloids on at 30% prestretched substrate (gaps formed when an unstretched substrate is used are ≈115 nm).
The effect of l‐carnitine supplementation on serum levels of omentin‐1, visfatin and SFRP5 and glycemic indices in patients with pemphigus vulgaris: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: Sepandar Farnaz , Daneshpazhooh Maryam , Djalali Mahmoud , Mohammadi Hamed , Yaghubi Elham , Fakhri Zahra , Tavakoli Hajar , Ghaedi Ehsan , Keshavarz Ali , Zarei Mahnaz , Shahrbaf Mohammad Amin , Ghandi Narges , Darand Mina , Javanbakht Mohamad Hassan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a chronic autoimmune disorder with potentially fatal outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of l‐carnitine (LC) on secreted frizzled‐related protein‐5 (SFRP5), omentin, visfatin, and glycemic indices in PV patients under corticosteroid treatment. In this randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial, 52 patients with PV were divided randomly into two groups to receive 2 g of LC or a placebo for 8 weeks. Serum levels of SFRP5, omentin, visfatin, and also glycemic indices were evaluated at the baseline and end of the study. LC supplementation significantly decreased the serum level of visfatin (95% CI [−14.718, −0.877], p = .05) and increased the serum levels of SFRP5 (95%CI [1.637, 11.380], p < .006) and omentin (95% CI [9.014, 65.286], p < .01). However, LC supplementation had no significant effects on the serum levels of glycemic factors such as insulin (95% CI [−1.125, 3.056], p = .426), fasting blood sugar (95% CI [−4.743, 3.642], p = .894), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (95% CI [−0.305, 0.528], p = .729), and quantitative insulin‐sensitivity check index (95% CI [−0.016, −0.010], p = .81). LC supplementation decreased visfatin serum level and increased omentin‐1 and SFRP5 serum levels in patients with PV. However, it has no significant effect on the serum levels of insulin and glycemic indices.
Linear dependence in Hylleraas configuration‐interaction calculations of He atom
Authors: Zhang Yong Zhi , Gao Ya Chen , Jiao Li Guang , Liu Fang , Ho Yew Kam 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe explicitly‐correlated basis sets are much easier to be linearly dependent than the product type bases constructed by one‐electron orbitals due to the explicit inclusion of interelectronic coordinates in system wave functions. In this work, we apply Löwdin's canonical orthogonalization method to study the linearly dependent problems arising from the variational calculations based on Hylleraas configuration‐interaction (Hy‐CI) basis functions. Both the ground and excited states of He atom are calculated with increasingly large basis sets. Our results show that the linear dependence in Hy‐CI basis sets can be successfully overcome by employing Löwdin's canonical orthogonalization method, yet without using extended higher‐precision arithmetic in numerical implementations. Therefore, the computational effort can be reduced considerably. It is expected that the present method can be applied to other types of explicitly correlated basis functions.
Stability analysis on networked control systems under double attacks with predictive control
Authors: Yang Hongjiu , Xu Hao , Xia Yuanqing , Zhang Jinhui 
Published: December 2019

SummaryIn this paper, stability of a networked control system under denial‐of‐service and false data injection attacks is analyzed with a predictive control method. To model denial‐of‐service attacks on the forward channel of networked control system, game theory is introduced for obtaining balanced results by denial‐of‐service frequency and duration. Then, measurement outputs of the networked control system are maliciously modified in the feedback channel. Under this double attack strategy, the stability of networked control system with predictive control is analyzed using a switched system method. By comparing three types of attack models, advantages of the double attacks are discussed to illustrate the necessity of this research. A numerical simulation is given to demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed methods on a networked control system under double attacks.
Metal–Semiconductor Phase Twinned Hierarchical MoS2 Nanowires with Expanded Interlayers for Sodium‐Ion Batteries with Ultralong Cycle Life
Authors: Ye Wei , Wu Fangfang , Shi Nianxiang , Zhou Han , Chi Qianqian , Chen Weihua , Du Shiyu , Gao Peng , Li Haibo , Xiong Shenglin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are considered a prospective candidate for large‐scale energy storage due to the merits of abundant sodium resources and low cost. However, a lack of suitable advanced anode materials has hindered further applications. Herein, metal–semiconductor mixed phase twinned hierarchical (MPTH) MoS2 nanowires with an expanded interlayer (9.63 Å) are engineered and prepared using MoO3 nanobelts as a self‐sacrificed template in the presence of a trace amount of (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O as initiator. The greatly expanded interlayer spacing accelerates Na+ insertion/extraction kinetics, and the metal–semiconductor mixed phase enhances electron transfer ability and stabilizes electrode structure during cycling. Benefiting from the structural merits, the MPTH MoS2 electrode delivers high reversible capacities of 200 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 for 200 cycles and 154 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 for 2450 cycles in the voltage range of 0.4–3.0 V. Strikingly, the electrode maintains 6500 cycles at a current density of 2 A g−1, corresponding to a capacity retention of 82.8% of the 2nd cycle, overwhelming the all reported MoS2 cycling results. This study provides an alternative strategy to boost SIB cycling performance in terms of reversible capacity by virtue of interlayer expansion and structure stability.
The impact of student misconceptions on student persistence in a MOOC
Authors: Chen Chen , Sonnert Gerhard , Sadler Philip M. , Sasselov Dimitar , Fredericks Colin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMassive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) provide opportunities to learn a vast range of subjects. Because MOOCs are open to anyone with computer access and rarely have prerequisite requirements, the range of student backgrounds can be far more varied than in conventional classroom‐based courses. Prior studies have shown that misconceptions have a huge impact on students' learning performance; however, no study has empirically examined the relationship between misconceptions and learning persistence. This study of 12,913 MOOC‐takers examines how students' misconceptions about the upcoming course material affect course completion. Using a survival analysis approach, we found that, controlling for the score in a pre‐course test, students holding more misconceptions had a higher dropout rate at the start of the course, an effect that diminished over time. Other student variables were found to have a positive impact on survival that persisted throughout the entire course: U.S. location, higher age, an intention to complete, better English skills, prior familiarity with the subject, motivation to earn a certificate, and score and time spent on the previous problem set (homework). By contrast, student gender, education level, number of previous MOOCs completed, and motivation to participate in online discussion forums did not affect survival.
Influence of turbulence and in-stream structures on the transport and survival of grass carp eggs and larvae at various developmental stages
Authors: Prada Andres F. , George Amy E. , Stahlschmidt Benjamin H. , Jackson Patrick Ryan , Chapman Duane C. , Tinoco Rafael O. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the response of grass carp to flow and turbulence regimes during early life stages is fundamental to monitoring and controlling their spread. A comprehensive set of hydrodynamic experiments was conducted with live grass carp eggs and larvae, to better understand their drifting and swimming patterns with 3 different in-stream obstructions: (1) a gravel bump, (2) a single cylinder, and (3) submerged vegetation. The hydrodynamic behavior of eggs and larvae with each obstruction was continuously monitored for about 85 consecutive hours. Transient spatial distributions of the locations of eggs and larvae throughout the water column were generated for each flow scenario. Results show that the active swimming capabilities of larvae allow them to seek areas of low turbulence and low shear stresses, and that eggs are susceptible to damage by high levels of turbulence, which was further corroborated with tests in an oscillating grid-stirred turbulence tank. Our study seeks to better inform field collection of grass carp during early life stages, and to guide the design of alternative approaches to control the dispersal of this invasive species in North America.
Posterior tibial nerve stimulation for overactive bladder—techniques and efficacy
Authors: Bhide Alka A. , Tailor Visha , Fernando Ruwan , Khullar Vik. , Digesu Giuseppe Alessandro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe ideal treatment for overactive bladder is still elusive. In those where medication fails to improve symptoms options include invasive treatments such as botulinum toxin-A, sacral neural stimulation or posterior tibial nerve stimulation. Scientific professional society guidelines advise percutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation as a third line treatment option only after multi-disciplinary team review as well as failure of both conservative and pharmacological management. The aim of this article is to review all techniques for tibial nerve stimulation and their efficacy.
IR action spectroscopy of glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides
Authors: Lettow Maike , Grabarics Márkó , Mucha Eike , Thomas Daniel A. , Polewski Łukasz , Freyse Joanna , Rademann Jörg , Meijer Gerard , von Helden Gert , Pagel Kevin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGlycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. Their repetitive linear core makes them seem structurally simple at first glance, yet differences in sulfation and epimerization lead to an enormous structural diversity with only a few GAGs having been successfully characterized to date. Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions show great promise. Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm−1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. Synthetic tetra- and pentasaccharides were chosen as model compounds for this benchmark study. Utilizing infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy at room temperature, diagnostic bands are largely unresolved. In contrast, cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets yields resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern. The analysis of GAGs could therefore significantly benefit from expanding the conventional MS-based toolkit with gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy.
A limited sampling schedule to estimate individual pharmacokinetics of pemetrexed in patients with varying renal functions
Authors: de Rouw Nikki , Visser Sabine , Koolen Stijn L. W. , Aerts Joachim G. J. V. , van den Heuvel Michel M. , Derijks Hieronymus J. , Burger David M. , ter Heine Rob 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose
Pemetrexed is a widely used cytostatic agent with an established exposure–response relationship. Although dosing is based on body surface area (BSA), large interindividual variability in pemetrexed plasma concentrations is observed. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) can be a feasible strategy to reduce variability in specific cases leading to potentially optimized pemetrexed treatment. The aim of this study was to develop a limited sampling schedule (LSS) for the assessment of pemetrexed pharmacokinetics.

Methods
Based on two real-life datasets, several limited sampling designs were evaluated on predicting clearance, using NONMEM, based on mean prediction error (MPE %) and normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE %). The predefined criteria for an acceptable LSS were: a maximum of four sampling time points within 8 h with an MPE and NRMSE ≤ 20%.

Results
For an accurate estimation of clearance, only four samples in a convenient window of 8 h were required for accurate and precise prediction (MPE and NRMSE of 3.6% and 5.7% for dataset 1 and of 15.5% and 16.5% for dataset 2). A single sample at t = 24 h performed also within the criteria with MPE and NRMSE of 5.8% and 8.7% for dataset 1 and of 11.5% and 16.4% for dataset 2. Bias increased when patients had lower creatinine clearance.

Conclusions
We presented two limited sampling designs for estimation of pemetrexed pharmacokinetics. Either one can be used based on preference and feasibility.
The impact of food additives, artificial sweeteners and domestic hygiene products on the human gut microbiome and its fibre fermentation capacity
Authors: Gerasimidis Konstantinos , Bryden Katie , Chen Xiufen , Papachristou Eleftheria , Verney Anais , Roig Marine , Hansen Richard , Nichols Ben , Papadopoulou Rodanthi , Parrett Alison 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose
This study investigated the effect of food additives, artificial sweeteners and domestic hygiene products on the gut microbiome and fibre fermentation capacity.

Methods
Faecal samples from 13 healthy volunteers were fermented in batch cultures with food additives (maltodextrin, carboxymethyl cellulose, polysorbate-80, carrageenan-kappa, cinnamaldehyde, sodium benzoate, sodium sulphite, titanium dioxide), sweeteners (aspartame-based sweetener, sucralose, stevia) and domestic hygiene products (toothpaste and dishwashing detergent). Short-chain fatty acid production was measured with gas chromatography. Microbiome composition was characterised with 16S rRNA sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Results
Acetic acid increased in the presence of maltodextrin and the aspartame-based sweetener and decreased with dishwashing detergent or sodium sulphite. Propionic acid increased with maltodextrin, aspartame-based sweetener, sodium sulphite and polysorbate-80 and butyrate decreased dramatically with cinnamaldehyde and dishwashing detergent. Branched-chain fatty acids decreased with maltodextrin, aspartame-based sweetener, cinnamaldehyde, sodium benzoate and dishwashing detergent. Microbiome Shannon α-diversity increased with stevia and decreased with dishwashing detergent and cinnamaldehyde. Sucralose, cinnamaldehyde, titanium dioxide, polysorbate-80 and dishwashing detergent shifted microbiome community structure; the effects were most profound with dishwashing detergent (R2 = 43.9%, p = 0.008) followed by cinnamaldehyde (R2 = 12.8%, p = 0.016). Addition of dishwashing detergent and cinnamaldehyde increased the abundance of operational taxonomic unit (OTUs) belonging to Escherichia/Shigella and Klebsiella and decreased members of Firmicutes, including OTUs of Faecalibacterium and Subdoligranulum. Addition of sucralose and carrageenan-kappa also increased the abundance of Escherichia/Shigella and sucralose, sodium sulphite and polysorbate-80 did likewise to Bilophila. Polysorbate-80 decreased the abundance of OTUs of Faecalibacterium and Subdoligranulum. Similar effects were observed with the concentration of major bacterial groups using qPCR. In addition, maltodextrin, aspartame-based sweetener and sodium benzoate promoted the growth of Bifidobacterium whereas sodium sulphite, carrageenan-kappa, polysorbate-80 and dishwashing detergent had an inhibitory effect.

Conclusions
This study improves understanding of how additives might affect the gut microbiota composition and its fibre metabolic activity with many possible implications for human health.
Children struggle beyond preschool-age in a continuous version of the ambiguous figures task
Authors: Rafetseder Eva , Schuster Sarah , Hawelka Stefan , Doherty Martin , Anderson Britt , Danckert James , Stöttinger Elisabeth 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChildren until the age of five are only able to reverse an ambiguous figure when they are informed about the second interpretation. In two experiments, we examined whether children’s difficulties would extend to a continuous version of the ambiguous figures task. Children (Experiment 1: 66 3- to 5-year olds; Experiment 2: 54 4- to 9-year olds) and adult controls saw line drawings of animals gradually morph—through well-known ambiguous figures—into other animals. Results show a relatively late developing ability to recognize the target animal, with difficulties extending beyond preschool-age. This delay can neither be explained with improvements in theory of mind, inhibitory control, nor individual differences in eye movements. Even the best achieving children only started to approach adult level performance at the age of 9, suggesting a fundamentally different processing style in children and adults.
Validation of non-invasive cerebrovascular pressure reactivity and pulse amplitude reactivity indices in traumatic brain injury
Authors: Calviello Leanne A. , Czigler András , Zeiler Frederick A. , Smielewski Peter , Czosnyka Marek 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Two transcranial Doppler (TCD) estimators of cerebral arterial blood volume (CaBV) coexist: continuous outflow of arterial blood outside the cranium through a low-pulsatile venous system (continuous flow forward, CFF) and pulsatile outflow through regulating arterioles (pulsatile flow forward, PFF). We calculated non-invasive equivalents of the pressure reactivity index (PRx) and the pulse amplitude index PAx with slow waves of mean CaBV and its pulse amplitude.

Methods
About 273 individual TBI patients were retrospectively reviewed. PRx is the correlation coefficient between 30 samples of 10-second averages of ICP and mean ABP. PAx is the correlation coefficient between 30 samples of 10-second averages of the amplitude of ICP (AMP, derived from Fourier analysis of the raw full waveform ICP tracing) and mean ABP. nPRx is calculated with CaBV instead of ICP and nPAx with the pulse amplitude of CaBV instead of AMP (calculated using both the CFF and PFF models). All reactivity indices were additionally compared with Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) to verify potential outcome-predictive strength.

Results
When correlated, slow waves of ICP demonstrated good coherence between slow waves in CaBV (>0.75); slow waves of AMP showed good coherence with slow waves of the pulse amplitude of CaBV (>0.67) in both the CFF and PFF models. nPRx was moderately correlated with PRx (R = 0.42 for CFF and R = 0.38 for PFF; p < 0.0001). nPAx correlated with PAx with slightly better strength (R = 0.56 for CFF and R = 0.41 for PFF; p < 0.0001). nPAx_CFF showed the strongest association with outcomes.

Conclusions
Non-invasive estimators (nPRx and nPAx) are associated with their invasive counterparts and can provide meaningful associations with outcome after TBI. The CFF model is slightly superior to the PFF model.
On the Nature of Monozygotic Twin Concordance and Discordance for Autistic Trait Severity: A Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Castelbaum Lauren , Sylvester Chad M. , Zhang Yi , Yu Qiongru , Constantino John N. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe characterizing features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are continuously distributed in nature; however, prior twin studies have not systematically incorporated this knowledge into estimations of concordance and discordance. We conducted a quantitative analysis of twin–twin similarity for autistic trait severity in three existing data sets involving 366 pairs of uniformly-phenotyped monozygotic (MZ) twins with and without ASD. Probandwise concordance for ASD was 96%; however, MZ trait correlations differed markedly for pairs with ASD trait burden below versus above the threshold for clinical diagnosis, with R2s on the order of 0.6 versus 0.1, respectively. Categorical MZ twin discordance for ASD diagnosis is rare and more appropriately operationalized by standardized quantification of twin–twin differences. Here we provide new evidence that although ASD itself is highly heritable, variation-in-severity of symptomatology above the diagnostic threshold is substantially influenced, in contrast, by non-shared environmental factors which may identify novel targets of early ASD amelioration.