bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of the abundance of bacteria catalyzing phosphorus and nitrogen turnover in biological soil crusts of temperate forests of Germany
Authors: Kurth Julia Katharina , Albrecht Martin , Karsten Ulf , Glaser Karin , Schloter Michael , Schulz Stefanie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSoil P pools are strongly driven by microbial activities, and vice versa, P pools shape bacterial communities and their functional potential. Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) represent a microbial hotspot for nutrient turnover. We compared biocrusts and bulk soil samples from different temperate beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests representing a gradient in soil texture, nutrient concentrations, and pH values at biocrust peak biomass. We measured the total and plant-available P and N concentrations and assessed the bacterial potential to mineralize (phoD, phnX), solubilize (gcd), and take up P (pstS and pitA) and mineralize (chiA, apr) and fix N (nifH) by quantifying the respective marker genes (qPCR). We found an increase of absolute and relative bacterial abundance involved in P turnover in biocrusts, but the strategy to acquire P differed between the regions as bacteria harboring the starvation-induced pstS gene were most abundant where labile P was lowest. In contrast, the region with lowest total P concentrations has a higher potential to utilize more stable phosphonates. N mineralization was strongly correlated to P turnover at regions with increased labile N and P concentrations. Interestingly, the potential to fix N was highest in the bulk soil where total P concentrations were highest. Even though the correlation of N and P turnover is strongest if their ratio is low, the acquisition strategy strongly depends on soil properties.
Role of the Atlantic multidecadal variability in modulating East Asian climate
Authors: Monerie Paul-Arthur , Robson Jon , Dong Buwen , Hodson Dan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe assess the effects of the North Atlantic Ocean Sea Surface Temperature (NASST) on North East Asian (NEA) surface temperature. We use a set of sensitivity experiments, performed with MetUM-GOML2, an atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a multi-level ocean mixed layer model, to mimic warming and cooling over the North Atlantic Ocean. Results show that a warming of the NASST is associated with a significant warming over NEA. Two mechanisms are pointed out to explain the NASST—North East Asia surface temperature relationship. First, the warming of the NASST is associated with a modulation of the northern hemisphere circulation, due to the propagation of a Rossby wave (i.e. the circumglobal teleconnection). The change in the atmosphere circulation is associated with advections of heat from the Pacific Ocean to NEA and with an increase in net surface shortwave radiation over NEA, both acting to increase NEA surface temperature. Second, the warming of the NASST is associated with a cooling (warming) over the eastern (western) Pacific Ocean, which modulates the circulation over the western Pacific Ocean and NEA. Additional simulations, in which Pacific Ocean sea surface temperatures are kept constant, show that the modulation of the circumglobal teleconnection is key to explaining impacts of the NASST on NEA surface temperature.
A new method using a vessel-sealing system provides coagulation effects to various types of bleeding with less thermal damage
Authors: Oyama Shosaburo , Nonaka Takashi , Matsumoto Keitaro , Taniguchi Daisuke , Hashimoto Yasumasa , Obata Tomohiro , Hisanaga Makoto , Moriyama Masaaki , Matsuo Naoto , Wada Hideo , Hamada Kiyoaki , Wakata Kouki , Tominaga Tetsuro , Hidaka Shigekazu , Sawai Terumitsu , Nagayasu Takeshi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Hemostasis is very important for a safe surgery, particularly in endoscopic surgery. Accordingly, in the last decade, vessel-sealing systems became popular as hemostatic devices. However, their use is limited due to thermal damage to organs, such as intestines and nerves. We developed a new method for safe coagulation using a vessel-sealing system, termed flat coagulation (FC). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of this new FC method compared to conventional coagulation methods.

Methods
We evaluated the thermal damage caused by various energy devices, such as the vessel-sealing system (FC method using LigaSure™), ultrasonic scissors (Sonicision™), and monopolar electrosurgery (cut/coagulation/spray/soft coagulation (SC) mode), on porcine organs, including the small intestine and liver. Furthermore, we compared the hemostasis time between the FC method and conventional methods in the superficial bleeding model using porcine mesentery.

Results
FC caused less thermal damage than monopolar electrosurgery’s SC mode in the porcine liver and small intestine (liver: mean depth of thermal damage, 1.91 ± 0.35 vs 3.37 ± 0.28 mm; p = 0.0015). In the superficial bleeding model, the hemostasis time of FC was significantly shorter than that of electrosurgery’s SC mode (mean, 19.54 ± 22.51 s vs 44.99 ± 21.18 s; p = 0.0046).

Conclusion
This study showed that the FC method caused less thermal damage to porcine small intestine and liver than conventional methods. This FC method could provide easier and faster coagulation of superficial bleeds compared to that achieved by electrosurgery’s SC mode. Therefore, this study motivates for the use of this new method to achieve hemostasis with various types of bleeds involving internal organs during endoscopic surgeries.
Multivariate non-parametric Euclidean distance model for hourly disaggregation of daily climate data
Authors: Görner Christina , Franke Johannes , Kronenberg Rico , Hellmuth Olaf , Bernhofer Christian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe algorithm for and results of a newly developed multivariate non-parametric model, the Euclidean distance model (EDM), for the hourly disaggregation of daily climate data are presented here. The EDM is a resampling method based on the assumption that the day to be disaggregated has already occurred once in the past. The Euclidean distance (ED) serves as a measure of similarity to select the most similar day from historical records. EDM is designed to disaggregate daily means/sums of several climate elements at once, here temperature (T), precipitation (P), sunshine duration (SD), relative humidity (rH), and wind speed (WS), while conserving physical consistency over all disaggregated elements. Since weather conditions and hence the diurnal cycles of climate elements depend on the weather pattern, a selection approach including objective weather patterns (OWP) was developed. The OWP serve as an additional criterion to filter the most similar day. For a case study, EDM was applied to the daily climate data of the stations Dresden and Fichtelberg (Saxony, Germany). The EDM results agree well with the observed data, maintaining their statistics. Hourly results fit better for climate elements with homogenous diurnal cycles, e.g., T with very high correlations of up to 0.99. In contrast, the hourly results of the SD and the WS provide correlations up to 0.79. EDM tends to overestimate heavy precipitation rates, e.g., by up to 15% for Dresden and 26% for Fichtelberg, potentially due to, e.g., the smaller data pool for such events, and the equal-weighted impact of P in the ED calculation. The OWPs lead to somewhat improved results for all climate elements in terms of similar climate conditions of the basic stations. Finally, the performance of EDM is compared with the disaggregation tool MELODIST (Förster et al. 2015). Both tools deliver comparable and well corresponding results. All analyses of the generated hourly data show that EDM is a very robust and flexible model that can be applied to any climate station. Since EDM can disaggregate daily data of climate projections, future research should address whether the model is capable to respect and (re)produce future climate trends. Further, possible improvements by including the flow direction and future OWPs should be investigated, also with regard to reduce the overestimation of heavy rainfall rates.
Contour changes of peri-implant tissues are minimal and similar for a one- and a two-piece implant system over 12 years
Authors: Pirc Miha , Harbeck Oliver , Sapata Vitor M. , Hüsler Jürg , Jung Ronald E. , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives
To assess contour changes of peri-implant tissues comparing a one- and a two-piece dental implant system over 12 years.

Materials and methods
Patients seeking implant therapy were enrolled and randomly allocated to receive implants (a one-piece (STM) or a two-piece (BRA) system). Impressions were taken at the time of insertion of the final reconstruction (BL), after 1 year (FU-1), 5 years (FU-5), and at 12 years (FU-12). Thirty patients were included in the analysis (STM, 16; BRA, 14). Digital scans of casts were superimposed and analyzed in an image analysis program. Measurements included changes of the crown height, contour changes on the buccal side of the implants and the contralateral teeth (control).

Results
Contour changes at implant sites revealed a loss of − 0.29 mm (STM) and − 0.46 mm (BRA) during an observation period of 12 years. Contour changes at the corresponding tooth sites amounted to − 0.06 mm (STM) and − 0.12 mm (BRA) during the same time period. The implant crown gained 0.25 mm (STM) and 0.08 mm (BRA) in height due to recession of the marginal mucosa. The corresponding gain in crown height at the contralateral tooth sites amounted to 0.36 mm (STM) and 0.10 mm (BRA). Interproximal marginal bone level changes measured − 0.28 mm (STM) and − 1.11 mm (BRA). The mean BOP amounted to 38.8% (STM) and 48.7% (BRA) at the 12-year follow-up (FU-12).

Conclusion
Minimal changes of the peri-implant soft tissue contour were observed at implant sites over the period of 12 years irrespective of the use of a one- or a two-piece implant system. The differences between the implant sites and corresponding teeth were clinically negligible.

Clinical relevance
Peri-implant soft tissue stability is of high clinical relevance when monitoring dental implant sites on the long run. Clinical data on the extent of soft tissue changes around different implant systems are scarce. The present RCTs demonstrate minimal changes of the peri-implant soft tissue contour 12 years after implant insertion independent of the use of a one- or a two-piece implant system.
Investigating the safety and compliance of using csDMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis treatment through face-to-face interviews: a cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Sun Jiaying , Dai Siming , Zhang Ling , Feng Yajing , Yu Xin , Zhang Zhiyi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) significantly impacts the health of Chinese patients. Conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) are used as the standard treatment for patients with RA. However, Chinese patients with RA have reported poor compliance with csDMARDs. This study aims to better understand the safety and compliance of using csDMARDs in RA treatment. Face-to-face interviews were conducted by questionnaires on safety and compliance of csDMARDs in 400 patients with RA and 100 rheumatologists from 13 cities in China. Rheumatologists were from Tier 3 Class A hospitals with independent rheumatology departments, who admitted more than 30 patients with RA per week. All patients were diagnosed for > 3 months before the survey and had been treated with csDMARDs for > 3 months. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) that attributed to csDMARDs estimated by rheumatologists was lower than that reported by patients for all four prescribed csDMARDs. Also, types of common AEs in rheumatologist’s perception differed from those in the patient’s report. Only 86% (116/135) of patients claimed they notified their rheumatologist about AEs, and 40.8% (150/368) of patients did not strictly adhere to their prescribed treatment. Reasons why patients were not compliant with their treatment, other than AEs, included symptoms being less severe, travel, and busy working life/business trips. This study revealed gaps in perceptions of csDMARDs-related AEs and medication adherence between rheumatologists and patients. These findings suggested adequate doctor-patient communications, and considerations of multiple real-world situations may improve adherence in the treatment of RA patients.

Key Points• This study identified gaps in rheumatologists’ perception of the prevalence and type of AEs experienced by their patients, which could potentially help them improve their patients’ compliance with treatment.
Realitätsillusion der deutschen Klimapolitik
Authors: Pritzl Rupert 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDeutschland sah sich lange als Vorreiter in der Klimapolitik. Die Bilanz ernüchtert allerdings. Die klimapolitischen Ziele werden zum großen Teil nicht erreicht, und die gesellschaftlichen Kosten der umweltpolitischen Maßnahmen sind sehr hoch. Die Ineffektivität und Ineffizienz der bisherigen Klimapolitik in Deutschland erfordert einen grundlegenden Strategiewechsel, der nur mit einem einheitlichen CO2-Preis für alle Sektoren erreicht werden kann.
Origin and fate of dissolved organic matter in four shallow Baltic Sea estuaries
Authors: Voss Maren , Asmala Eero , Bartl Ines , Carstensen Jacob , Conley Daniel J. , Dippner Joachim W. , Humborg Christoph , Lukkari Kaarina , Petkuviene Jolita , Reader Heather , Stedmon Colin , Vybernaite-Lubiene Irma , Wannicke Nicola , Zilius Mindaugas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCoastal waters have strong gradients in dissolved organic matter (DOM) quantity and characteristics, originating from terrestrial inputs and autochthonous production. Enclosed seas with high freshwater input therefore experience high DOM concentrations and gradients from freshwater sources to more saline waters. The brackish Baltic Sea experiences such salinity gradients from east to west and from river mouths to the open sea. Furthermore, the catchment areas of the Baltic Sea are very diverse and vary from sparsely populated northern areas to densely populated southern zones. Coastal systems vary from enclosed or open bays, estuaries, fjords, archipelagos and lagoons where the residence time of DOM at these sites varies and may control the extent to which organic matter is biologically, chemically or physically modified or simply diluted with transport off-shore. Data of DOM with simultaneous measurements of dissolved organic (DO) nitrogen (N), carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) across a range of contrasting coastal systems are scarce. Here we present data from the Roskilde Fjord, Vistula and Öre estuaries and Curonian Lagoon; four coastal systems with large differences in salinity, nutrient concentrations, freshwater inflow and catchment characteristics. The C:N:P ratios of DOM of our data, despite high variability, show site specific significant differences resulting largely from differences residence time. Microbial processes seemed to have minor effects, and only in spring did uptake of DON in the Vistula and Öre estuaries take place and not at the other sites or seasons. Resuspension from sediments impacts bottom waters and the entire shallow water column in the Curonian Lagoon. Finally, our data combined with published data show that land use in the catchments seems to impact the DOC:DON and DOC:DOP ratios of the tributaries most.
Does Anger Expression Mediate the Relationship Between Parental Rejection and Direct and Indirect Forms of Non-suicidal Self-injury?
Authors: Cipriano Annarosa , Claes Laurence , Gandhi Amarendra , Cella Stefania , Cotrufo Paolo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNon-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is defined as the intentional destruction of one’s own body without an intent to die (e.g., self-cutting). On the other hand, indirect forms of self-injury refer to behaviors in which people harm themselves in an indirect way (e.g., substance use). Existing literature suggests that a negative parent–child relationship may increase vulnerability to NSSI and indirect forms of self-injury. However, little is known about the potential mediators that intervene in the aforementioned relationship. Therefore, the present work tests a path model to investigate whether the manner of anger expression—anger-in (redirect anger inwardly) or anger-out (express anger outwardly)—mediates the association between parental rejection and direct (specifically self-cutting) and indirect (specifically substance use) forms of self-injury in a cross-sectional sample of Italian adolescents. We assessed self-injury, parental acceptance/rejection, and the expression of anger using self-report questionnaires in 2464 high school students, aged 13–20 years (Mage = 15.93, SD = 1.49). Additionally, characteristics of NSSI were also assessed using semi-structured interviews. We found that parental rejection was significantly positively associated with both self-cutting and substance use. The aforementioned relationship was mediated through anger-in for self-cutting, and through anger-out for substance use. The current work demonstrated that anger expression might work as a bridge between invalidating caregiving environment (i.e., rejecting), in which an individual feels unloved and uncared for, and the occurrence of self-cutting and substance use. The salient role of anger management in the development of prevention and intervention programs for NSSI and indirect self-injury among adolescents is discussed.
Twisted Quadrics and Algebraic Submanifolds in $\mathbb {R}^{n}$
Authors: Fiore Gaetano , Franco Davide , Weber Thomas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe propose a general procedure to construct noncommutative deformations of an algebraic submanifoldMof$\mathbb {R}^{n}$ℝn, specializing the procedure [G. Fiore, T. Weber,Twisted submanifolds of$\mathbb {R}^{n}$ℝn, arXiv:2003.03854] valid for smooth submanifolds. We use the framework of twisted differential geometry of Aschieri et al. (Class. Quantum Grav. 23, 1883–1911, 2006), whereby the commutative pointwise product is replaced by the ⋆-product determined by a Drinfel’d twist. We actually simultaneously construct noncommutative deformations ofallthe algebraic submanifoldsMcthat are level sets of thefa(x), wherefa(x) = 0 are the polynomial equations solved by the points ofM, employing twists based on the Lie algebra Ξtof vector fields that are tangent toalltheMc. The twisted Cartan calculus is automatically equivariant under twisted Ξt. If we endow$\mathbb {R}^{n}$ℝnwith a metric, then twisting and projecting to normal or tangent components commute, projecting the Levi-Civita connection to the twistedMis consistent, and in particular a twisted Gauss theorem holds, provided the twist is based on Killing vector fields. Twisted algebraic quadrics can be characterized in terms of generators and ⋆-polynomial relations. We explicitly work out deformations based on abelian or Jordanian twists of all quadrics in$\mathbb {R}^{3}$ℝ3except ellipsoids, in particular twisted cylinders embedded in twisted Euclidean$\mathbb {R}^{3}$ℝ3and twisted hyperboloids embedded in twisted Minkowski$\mathbb {R}^{3}$ℝ3[the latter are twisted (anti-)de Sitter spacesdS2,AdS2].
A puzzle about enkratic reasoning
Authors: Way Jonathan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEnkratic reasoning—reasoning from believing that you ought to do something to an intention to do that thing—seems good. But there is a puzzle about how it could be. Good reasoning preserves correctness, other things equal. But enkratic reasoning does not preserve correctness. This is because what you ought to do depends on your epistemic position, but what it is correct to intend does not. In this paper, I motivate these claims and thus show that there is a puzzle. I then argue that the best solution is to deny that correctness is always independent of your epistemic position. As I explain, a notable upshot is that a central epistemic norm directs us to believe, not simply what is true, but what we are in a position to know.
Einflussfaktoren bei der Social-Media-Nutzung in der Wissenschaftskommunikation
Authors: Hennig Anne , Kohler Sarah 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungSocial Media beherrschen nicht nur die private Kommunikation, sondern haben zunehmend auch Einfluss auf die externe Wissenschaftskommunikation. In bisherigen Forschungsarbeiten wurden zwar bereits Social Media und deren Nutzung durch Wissenschaftler*innen in Zusammenhang mit wissenschaftsexterner Kommunikation untersucht, allerdings mangelt es an einer systematischen Darstellung der Einflussfaktoren. Diese Arbeit möchte an vorangegangene Studien anknüpfen und die gefundenen Einflussfaktoren replizieren und verifizieren. Als maßgebliche Einflussfaktoren bei der Social-Media-Nutzung von Wissenschaftler*innen haben wir basierend auf dem Forschungsstand Disziplinzugehörigkeit, den beruflichen Kontext, persönliche Eigenschaften und Prädispositionen definiert. Untersucht wurde die Häufigkeit der Nutzung von Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, Snapchat sowie von Blogs und Podcasts. In einer aufwändig angelegten Online-Befragung haben wir zunächst Wissenschaftler*innen von 21 deutschen Volluniversitäten zur Teilnahme an der Studie eingeladen. Die Rekrutierung erfolgte über Dekanate und Institute und führte zu einer Stichprobe von über 1100 Wissenschaftler*innen. Lediglich Facebook und Twitter erwiesen sich für die Kommunikation im wissenschaftsexternen Kontext als relevant. Nach einer binär-logistischen Regressionsanalyse zeigte sich, dass die Ergebnisse bisheriger Studien nur vereinzelt bestätigt werden konnte. Faktoren wie Disziplinzugehörigkeit, Qualifikationsstufe und Alter haben eine nur mäßig gute Erklärkraft. Der Social-Media-Typus der Hochschule, das Geschlecht, Technikaffinität oder -abneigung sowie Persönlichkeitsfaktoren erwiesen sich als nicht signifikant. Die eher geringen R‑Quadrat-Werte in allen Modellen legen nahe, dass die unabhängigen Variablen nicht in der Lage sind, die abhängigen Variablen ausreichend gut zu erklären. Somit bedarf es weiterer Forschung, die insbesondere auch Faktoren des Einflusses auf das Public Engagement von Wissenschaftler*innen unabhängig vom Kommunikationsmedium einbezieht.