bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhodobacter capsulatus AnfA is essential for production of Fe‐nitrogenase proteins but dispensable for cofactor biosynthesis and electron supply
Authors: Demtröder Lisa , Pfänder Yvonne , Masepohl Bernd 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe photosynthetic α‐proteobacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus reduces and thereby fixes atmospheric dinitrogen (N2) by a molybdenum (Mo)‐nitrogenase and an iron‐only (Fe)‐nitrogenase. Differential expression of the structural genes of Mo‐nitrogenase (nifHDK) and Fe‐nitrogenase (anfHDGK) is strictly controlled and activated by NifA and AnfA, respectively. In contrast to NifA‐binding sites, AnfA‐binding sites are poorly defined. Here, we identified two highly similar AnfA‐binding sites in the R. capsulatus anfH promoter by studying the effects of promoter mutations on in vivo anfH expression and in vitro promoter binding by AnfA. Comparison of the experimentally determined R. capsulatus AnfA‐binding sites and presumed AnfA‐binding sites from other α‐proteobacteria revealed a consensus sequence of dyad symmetry, TAC–N6–GTA, suggesting that AnfA proteins bind their target promoters as dimers. Chromosomal replacement of the anfH promoter by the nifH promoter restored anfHDGK expression and Fe‐nitrogenase activity in an R. capsulatus strain lacking AnfA suggesting that AnfA is required for AnfHDGK production, but dispensable for biosynthesis of the iron‐only cofactor and electron delivery to Fe‐nitrogenase, pathways activated by NifA. These observations strengthen our model, in which the Fe‐nitrogenase system in R. capsulatus is largely integrated into the Mo‐nitrogenase system.
Routing and scheduling of network flows with deadlines and discrete capacity allocation
Authors: Ahani Ghafour , Wiatr Pawel , Yuan Di 
Published: March 2020

AbstractJoint scheduling and routing of data flows with deadline constraints in communication networks has been attracting research interest. This type of problem distinguishes from conventional multicommodity flows due to the presence of the time dimension. In this paper, we address a flow routing and scheduling problem with delivery deadline, where the assignment of link capacity occurs in discrete units. Discrete capacity allocation is motivated by applications in communication systems, where it is common to have a base unit of capacity (e.g., wavelength channel in optical communications). We present and prove complexity results of the problem. Next, we give an optimization formulation based on a time slicing approach, which amounts to a discretization of the time into time slices to enable to formulate the deadline constraints. We then derive an effective reformulation of the problem, via which a column generation algorithm is developed. In addition, we propose a simple and fast max‐flow‐based algorithm. We use a number of networks and traffic scenarios to study various performance aspects of the algorithms.
Death distress constructs: A preliminary empirical examination of the Farsi form in nurses: A brief note
Authors: Dadfar Mahboubeh , Lester David 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimDeath distress can increase mental health problems. The aim of the present study was to develop a measure of death distress and evaluate the reliability of this Death Distress Scale‐Farsi (DDS‐F) among nurses. The hypotheses were that death distress has three components and that the DDS‐F would have desirable psychometric properties.DesignA descriptive cross‐sectional study.MethodsA convenience sample of 106 Iranian nurses from two hospitals at Tehran city, Iran was recruited. They completed the Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), the Death Depression Scale (DDS) and the Death Obsession Scale (DOS).ResultsCronbach's α for the DDS‐F was 0.71. As expected, the DDS‐F had three independent components: death obsession, death depression and death anxiety. A principle component analysis with a varimax rotation of the DDS‐F items identified three factors accounting for 66.13% of the variance. Factor 1 was labelled “Death Obsession” (31.3% of the variance), Factor 2 was labelled “Death Depression” (21.9% of the variance), and Factor 3 was labelled “Death Anxiety” (12.8% of the variance).DiscussionDeath distress has three components: death obsession, death depression and death anxiety. The DDS‐F which measures these has good psychometric properties, and it can be used in hospital settings to assess death distress among Iranian nurses.
Cisd2: a promising new target in Alzheimer's disease†
Authors: Nobili Annalisa , Krashia Paraskevi , D'Amelio Marcello 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe CISD2 gene encodes the CDGSH iron‐sulfur domain‐containing protein 2. Cisd2 is involved in mammalian lifespan control, the unfolded protein response, Ca2+ buffering, and autophagy regulation. It has been demonstrated previously that Cisd2 deficiency causes an accelerated ageing phenotype characterised by the accumulation of damaged mitochondria, while Cisd2 overexpression leads to mitochondrial protection against typical age‐associated alterations. Accumulating data suggest that neuronal amyloid‐beta (Aβ) deposition, Ca2+ dysregulation, impairment of autophagic flux, and accumulation of damaged organelles including mitochondria play an important role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. In a recent issue of The Journal of Pathology, Yi‐Fan Chen and collaborators put together all these experimental observations and demonstrated that Cisd2 overexpression attenuates AD pathogenesis by guaranteeing mitochondrial quality and synaptic functions. The authors report convincing evidence to highlight the role of Cisd2 in Aβ‐mediated mitochondrial damage and, interestingly, this neuroprotection could be dependent on other molecular mechanisms beyond the canonical and previously described roles of Cisd2. Collectively, these data open up new avenues in neuroprotection and highlight Cisd2 as a promising new target in AD. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adhesion‐type composites made of elastic polymer films and high resilience nonwoven fabrics: Manufacturing techniques and property evaluations
Authors: Jhang Jia‐Ci , Lin Ting‐Ru , Lin Ting‐An , Chen Yueh‐Sheng , Lou Ching‐Wen , Lin Jia‐Horng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, high resilience polyester fibers and low melting point polyester (LMPET) fibers are blended at varying ratios in order to form buffering composite nonwoven fabrics. Next, the employment of hot pressing enables the combination of the fabrics and elastic polymer films. The mechanical and buffering properties of the composites are evaluated in terms of the blending ratio and the thickness of the composites. As per the interface observation and the results of the peel test, the nonwoven fabrics and polymer films are firmly bonded. The tensile test results indicate that when there is more content of LMPET fibers, the reinforcement to the composites is greater. Conversely, the puncture test results indicate that the LMPET‐fiber‐free composites possess 1.4 times higher puncture resistance. Based on the results of the hammer rebound and compression recovery tests, a greater thickness provides the composites with better buffering efficacy.
Systematic approach for content and construct validation: Case studies for arthroscopy and laparoscopy
Authors: Farmer Jake , Demirel Doga , Erol Recep , Ahmadi Daniel , Halic Tansel , Kockara Sinan , Arikatla Venkata S. , Sexton Kevin , Ahmadi Shahryar 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn minimally invasive surgery, there are several challenges for training novice surgeons, such as limited field‐of‐view and unintuitive hand‐eye coordination due to performing the operation according to video feedback. Virtual reality (VR) surgical simulators are a novel, risk‐free, and cost‐effective way to train and assess surgeons.MethodsWe developed VR‐based simulations to accurately assess and quantify performance of two VR simulations: gentleness simulation for laparoscopy and rotator cuff repair for arthroscopy. We performed content and construct validity studies for the simulators. In our analysis, we systematically rank surgeons using data mining classification techniques.ResultsUsing classification algorithms such as K‐Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machines, and Logistic Regression we have achieved near 100% accuracy rate in identifying novices, and up to an 83% accuracy rate identifying experts. Sensitivity and specificity were up to 1.0 and 0.9, respectively.ConclusionDeveloped methodology to measure and differentiate the highly ranked surgeons and less‐skilled surgeons.
Going above and beyond: How intermediaries enhance change in emerging economy institutions to facilitate small to medium enterprise development
Authors: Oriaifo Juliet , Torres de Oliveira Rui , Ellis Kimberly M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractResearch summaryDespite knowledge about the importance of intermediaries in filling institutional voids, we do not understand how intermediaries facilitate institutional change. This research demonstrates how intermediaries use six rhetorical legitimation strategies—logos, ethos, pathos, autopoiesis, teleological, and anthropos appeals—to influence institutional change in Abia, Nigeria, that facilitate small‐to‐medium‐enterprise (SME) development in the region. While the first five rhetorical legitimation strategies are used in both developed and emerging economies, the sixth strategy—anthropos appeals, which reflect the communal character of many African cultures—seems to be unique in this context. Our findings contribute to the literature by extending our understanding of the role of rhetorical legitimation strategies in bringing about institutional change, use of rhetoric to communicate entrepreneurial opportunities, and significance of nonmarket strategies for SMEs.Managerial summarySMEs influence economic development in emerging economies but face many constraints. This research examines how intermediaries help reduce constraints SMEs in Nigeria encounter by facilitating institutional changes, through the use of six legitimation strategies (logos, pathos, ethos, autopoiesis, teleological, and anthropos). Also, this research explains how the institutional changes encourage the government to fill voids that generate beneficial outcomes to SMEs, emergent local intermediaries, the general public, and the government itself. Finally, this research finds that market actors in Nigeria use an Anthropos legitimation strategy when appealing to individuals in the local market to help with SME development. This strategy, which taps into the communal character of many African cultures and interestingly has some parallels with Confucianism philosophy, seems to be unique in emerging economies.
How to perform lung ultrasound in pregnant women with suspected COVID‐19
Authors: Moro F. , Buonsenso D. , Moruzzi M. C. , Inchingolo R. , Smargiassi A. , Demi L. , Larici A. R. , Scambia G. , Lanzone A. , Testa A. C. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTUnder certain circumstances, such as during the current COVID‐19 outbreak, pregnant women can be a target for respiratory infection, and lung examination may be required as part of their clinical evaluation, ideally while avoiding exposure to radiation. We propose a practical approach for obstetricians/gynecologists to perform lung ultrasound examination, discussing potential applications, semiology and practical aspects, which could be of particular importance in emergency situations, such as the current pandemic infection of COVID‐19. Copyright © 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PSMA-positive nodal recurrence in prostate cancer
Authors: Schmidt-Hegemann Nina-Sophie , Buchner Alexander , Eze Chukwuka , Rogowski Paul , Schaefer Christian , Ilhan Harun , Li Minglun , Fendler Wolfgang Peter , Bartenstein Peter , Ganswindt Ute , Stief Christian , Belka Claus , Kretschmer Alexander 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
This analysis compares salvage lymph node dissection (SLND) to salvage lymph node radiotherapy (SLNRT) of 68Ga-PSMA PET-positive nodal recurrences after radical prostatectomy (RPE).

Methods
A total of 67 SLNRT and 33 SLND consecutive patients with pelvic and/or para-aortic nodal recurrences after RPE were retrospectively analyzed. Biochemical recurrence-free survival rates (bRFS; PSA <0.2 ng/mL) were calculated according to Kaplan–Meier and survival curves were compared using the log rank test. For multivariable analysis, binary logistic regression analysis was performed (p < 0.05).

Results
Median follow-up was 17 months (range, 6–53 months) in SLND patients and 31 months (range, 3–56 months) in SLNRT patients (p = 0.027). SLNRT patients had significantly more tumours of pT3 and pT4 category (82% vs. 67%; p = 0.006), pathologically involved lymph nodes (45% vs. 27%; p = 0.001) and positive surgical margins (54% vs. 12%; p = 0.001) at time of RPE than SLND patients. PSA persistence after RPE was significantly more frequently observed in the SLNRT cohort (73% vs. 27%; p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in the distribution of PET-positive lymph nodes. Median PSA before SLND was higher than before SLNRT (3.07 ng/ml vs. 1.3 ng/ml; p = 0.393). The 2‑year bRFS was significantly higher in the SLNRT vs. the SLND cohort (92% vs. 30%; p = 0.001) with lower rates of distant metastases (21% vs. 52%; p = 0.002) and secondary treatments (5% vs. 39%; p = 0.011) irrespective of ongoing androgen deprivation therapy at last contact. In multivariable analysis, SLNRT was significantly associated with prolonged bRFS (regression coefficient 1.436, hazard ratio 4.204, 95% CI 1.789–9.878; p = 0.001).

Conclusion
Based on this retrospective study SLNRT might be the preferred treatment option for patients with nodal recurrence after previous RPE.
Born with a solitary kidney: at risk of hypertension
Authors: La Scola Claudio , Marra Giuseppina , Ammenti Anita , Pasini Andrea , Taroni Francesca , Bertulli Cristina , Morello William , Ceccoli Martina , Mencarelli Francesca , Guarino Stefano , Puccio Giuseppe , Montini Giovanni 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Subjects with a congenital solitary kidney (CSK) are believed to be at risk of hypertension due to their low number of nephrons. However, as CSK is a congenital abnormality of the kidney or urinary tract (CAKUT), subtle dysplastic changes contributing to hypertension cannot be excluded.

Methods
We retrospectively compared office blood pressure (OBP) and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) between two groups of children with CAKUT, aged 6–18 years: Group A with a CSK and Group B with two kidneys. All had normal renal parenchyma on scintigraphy and normal renal function. OBP and mean systolic and diastolic 24-h, daytime and nighttime ambulatory BP records were analyzed. The distribution of OBP and APBM as continuous values and the prevalence of hypertension (ambulatory/severe ambulatory or masked hypertension) in the two groups were compared.

Results
There were 81 patients in Group A and 45 in Group B. Median OBP standard deviation scores were normal in both groups, without significant differences. Median ABPM standard deviation scores, although normal, were significantly higher in Group A and the prevalence of hypertension was higher (ambulatory/severe ambulatory or masked) (33.3 vs. 13.3%, p = 0.019), mainly because of the greater occurrence of masked hypertension.

Conclusions
Our data show that a CSK per se can be associated with an increased risk of hypertension from the pediatric age. Therefore, ABPM, which has proved valuable in the screening of hypertension, is warranted in children with a CSK, even if laboratory and imaging assessment is otherwise normal.
What do you really want to do? Towards a Theory of Intentions for Human-Robot Collaboration
Authors: Gomez Rocio , Sridharan Mohan , Riley Heather 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe architecture described in this paper encodes a theory of intentions based on the key principles of non-procrastination, persistence, and automatically limiting reasoning to relevant knowledge and observations. The architecture reasons with transition diagrams of any given domain at two different resolutions, with the fine-resolution description defined as a refinement of, and hence tightly-coupled to, a coarse-resolution description. For any given goal, nonmonotonic logical reasoning with the coarse-resolution description computes an activity, i.e., a plan, comprising a sequence of abstract actions to be executed to achieve the goal. Each abstract action is implemented as a sequence of concrete actions by automatically zooming to and reasoning with the part of the fine-resolution transition diagram relevant to the current coarse-resolution transition and the goal. Each concrete action in this sequence is executed using probabilistic models of the uncertainty in sensing and actuation, and the corresponding fine-resolution outcomes are used to infer coarse-resolution observations that are added to the coarse-resolution history. The architecture’s capabilities are evaluated in the context of a simulated robot assisting humans in an office domain, on a physical robot (Baxter) manipulating tabletop objects, and on a wheeled robot (Turtlebot) moving objects to particular places or people. The experimental results indicate improvements in reliability and computational efficiency compared with an architecture that does not include the theory of intentions, and an architecture that does not include zooming for fine-resolution reasoning.
Architecture and Operational Model for Smart Campus Digital Infrastructure
Authors: Jurva Risto , Matinmikko-Blue Marja , Niemelä Ville , Nenonen Suvi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNations and cities are eagerly joining the global trend of transition to digitized society. Through digitalization, societies aim to streamline their key functions and to develop modern services to inhabitants. 5G wireless networks are being built globally with lots of expectations put on them. It is anticipated that at the first phase of 5G, the technology will benefit the most different verticals like factories, hospitals and campuses. Universities have likewise awoken to establish digitalization projects to respond to the disruption of education and to overcome in the growing global competition. The transition to digital campus will inevitably rely on campus ICT and IoT infrastructures. Additionally, the number of terminals, devices, sensors and robots will multiply. This article proposes a technical architecture for future Smart Campus consisting of 5G and IoT networks complemented by distributed computing and data analytics. Increasing complexity of digital environment calls for a specific actor to operate the Smart Campus infrastructure and also services, which has not been widely discussed. It is foreseen that the university IT Administration is probably not willing to adopt the responsibility of enlarging infra and growing number of devices. Similarly, mobile network operators are not seen appropriate to take this role being commonly profiled to offer merely connectivity. To tackle this question, a novel operational model for the Smart Campuses is presented based on the recently proposed micro operator concept. Moreover, a case study of the University of Oulu campus is presented, where smart technology in the form of 5G test network has been deployed.
Robotic Process Mining: Vision and Challenges
Authors: Leno Volodymyr , Polyvyanyy Artem , Dumas Marlon , La Rosa Marcello , Maggi Fabrizio Maria 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRobotic process automation (RPA) is an emerging technology that allows organizations automating repetitive clerical tasks by executing scripts that encode sequences of fine-grained interactions with Web and desktop applications. Examples of clerical tasks include opening a file, selecting a field in a Web form or a cell in a spreadsheet, and copy-pasting data across fields or cells. Given that RPA can automate a wide range of routines, this raises the question of which routines should be automated in the first place. This paper presents a vision towards a family of techniques, termed robotic process mining (RPM), aimed at filling this gap. The core idea of RPM is that repetitive routines amenable for automation can be discovered from logs of interactions between workers and Web and desktop applications, also known as user interactions (UI) logs. The paper defines a set of basic concepts underpinning RPM and presents a pipeline of processing steps that would allow an RPM tool to generate RPA scripts from UI logs. The paper also discusses research challenges to realize the envisioned pipeline.
The Right to Be Forgotten in the Digital Age: The Challenges of Data Protection Beyond Borders
Authors: Fabbrini Federico , Celeste Edoardo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article explores the challenges of the extraterritorial application of the right to be forgotten and, more broadly, of EU data protection law in light of the recent case law of the ECJ. The paper explains that there are good arguments for the EU to apply its high data protection standards outside its borders, but that such an extraterritorial application faces challenges, as it may clash with duties of international comity, legal diversity, or contrasting rulings delivered by courts in other jurisdictions. As the article points out from a comparative perspective, the protection of privacy in the digital age increasingly exposes a tension between efforts by legal systems to impose their high standards of data protection outside their borders – a dynamic which could be regarded as ‘imperialist’ – and claims by other legal systems to assert their own power over data – a dynamic which one could name ‘sovereigntist’. As the article suggests, navigating between the Scylla of imperialism and the Charybdis of sovereigntism will not be an easy task. In this context, greater convergence in the data protection framework of liberal democratic systems worldwide appears as the preferable path to secure privacy in the digital age.
Developments in The EU-German Judicial Love Story: The Right To Be Forgotten II
Authors: Bobić Ana 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe relationship between the Court of Justice and the Bundesverfassungsgericht is perhaps one of the most explored relationships in all of EU’s legal history. In attempting to understand and operationalize the uncertainty surrounding the positioning between EU and national constitutional orders, they have in some respects followed the footsteps of a typical life-long love story: in the early years of European integration, both courts appeared to be in denial of any romance, and entered into a conflict over the question of the final arbiter; they subsequently turned to flirting by moving away from an institutionally based conflict towards finding a common substantive ground; which resulted in finally abandoning the competition for domination, but rather embracing mutual respect and a heterarchical relationship. This brief piece follows these developments in fundamental rights review that for now end with the second German decision concerning the right to be forgotten.