bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized trial of permanent supportive housing for chronically homeless persons with high use of publicly funded services
Authors: Raven Maria C. , Niedzwiecki Matthew J. , Kushel Margot 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether randomization to permanent supportive housing (PSH) versus usual care reduces the use of acute health care and other services among chronically homeless high users of county‐funded services.Data SourcesBetween 2015 and 2019, we assessed service use from Santa Clara County, CA, administrative claims data for all county‐funded health care, jail and shelter, and mortality.Study DesignWe conducted a randomized controlled trial among chronically homeless high users of multiple systems. We compared postrandomization outcomes from county‐funded systems using multivariate regression analysis.Data CollectionWe extracted encounter data from an integrated database capturing health care at county‐funded facilities, shelter and jails, county housing placement, and death certificates.Principal FindingsWe enrolled 423 participants (199 intervention; 224 control). Eighty‐six percent of those randomized to PSH received housing compared with 36 percent in usual care. On average, the 169 individuals housed by the PSH intervention have remained housed for 28.8 months (92.9 percent of the study follow‐up period). Intervention group members had lower rates of psychiatric ED visits IRR 0.62; 95% CI [0.43, 0.91] and shelter days IRR 0.30; 95% CI [0.17, 0.53], and higher rates of ambulatory mental health services use IRR 1.84; 95% CI [1.43, 2.37] compared to controls. We found no differences in total ED or inpatient use, or jail. Seventy (37 treatment; 33 control) participants died.ConclusionsThe intervention placed and retained frequent user, chronically homeless individuals in housing. It decreased psychiatric ED visits and shelter use, and increased outpatient mental health care, but not medical ED visits or hospitalizations. Limitations included more than one‐third of usual care participants received another form of subsidized housing, potentially biasing results to the null, and loss of power due to high death rates. PSH can house high‐risk individuals and reduce emergent psychiatric services and shelter use. Reductions in hospitalizations may be more difficult to realize.
Effects of preheat treatments on the composition, rheological properties, and physical stability of soybean oil bodies
Authors: Fu Liwei , He Zhiyong , Zeng Maomao , Qin Fang , Chen Jie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of preheat treatments on the composition, rheological properties, and the physical stability of soybean oil bodies and examined the stability of coffee containing those oil bodies. Three preheat treatment methods were compared, including heating (at 65, 75, and 85 °C for 30 min) of raw soymilk, high‐pressure steam heating (at 110, 120, and 130 °C for 10 s, ultra high temperature [UHT] treated) of dry soybeans, and milling of soaked soybeans in boiling water. Three UHT samples showed the highest oil body yields (13.59 to 13.87%) and protein yield (2.47 to 3.03%), while oil content in extracts was the lowest (30.97 to 46.25%). Soymilk heated at 65 or 75 °C for 30 min showed high oil body extraction yields (13.38 and 11.46%) and the highest oil extraction yields (6.38 to 8.38%) among all the samples. Three UHT samples had a higher average particle size and higher apparent viscosity compared with those of all the other samples. The results from sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) and particle size distribution suggested heat treatment at 65 to 85 °C just lead to the partially denaturation and unfolding of storage protein instead of severe aggregation, while UHT (samples 5, 6, and 7) could lead to large amount soluble aggregates within oleosins and storage proteins via disulfide bonds. The diluted emulsion with 12% fat content remained stable during a 15‐day storage period at 4 °C. The coffee stability of the diluted oil body emulsion indicated high oleosins and low storage protein content in the oil body was a benefit for the coffee stability.Practical ApplicationSoybean oil bodies are natural sources of pre‐emulsified oil derived from soybean and can be dispersed in an aqueous medium to form a stable emulsion system. This study provides the foundation for the preparation and application of soybean oil bodies with differing emulsion stabilities and extraction yields in the food industry.
Pharmacological treatment of pain among persons with opioid addiction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis with implications for drug development
Authors: De Aquino Joao P. , Flores José M. , Avila‐Quintero Victor J. , Compton Peggy , Sofuoglu Mehmet 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe clinical features and neurobiology of pain and opioid use disorder (OUD) are inextricably linked. Despite emerging evidence supporting the negative impact of ongoing pain in the treatment of OUD, the pharmacological management of pain in the presence of OUD has received limited attention. We sought to systematically review the studies investigating pharmacotherapies for pain among persons with OUD. Eligible studies had participants with OUD and outcomes including evoked or spontaneous pain. We searched Scopus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Medline, and Embase. Out of 1,097 studies that met the search criteria, 12 studies provided data relevant to the research question—five laboratory studies and seven clinical trials. Random effects pooled estimates suggested no significant difference between groups at baseline but a response favoring the active treatment group over placebo, with nonsignificant heterogeneity between studies. Findings from these studies provide preliminary evidence for analgesic and antihyperalgesic effects of gabapentin, GABA agonists, and NMDA antagonists among persons with OUD. To establish the tradeoffs between the analgesic effects and abuse liability of these compounds, further well‐controlled clinical trials are required among persons with OUD. This review also underscores the need for methodological enhancement in drug development for pain in OUD. Future research should address the clinical and neurobiological overlap between pain‐ and addiction‐related phenomena. Transdisciplinary approaches may identify biomarkers of these shared phenomena and their neural substrates. The development of novel therapeutics for pain in OUD may be accelerated by such integration of pain and addiction research.
Economic Injury Level and Economic Threshold as required by Forest Stewardship Council for management of leaf‐cutting ants in forest plantations
Authors: Jiménez Nadia Lis , Fosco Ignacio Raúl , Nassar Gustavo César , Sánchez‐Restrepo Andrés Fernando , Danna Matías Santiago , Calcaterra Luis Alberto 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The most commonly used method to control insect pests, such as leaf‐cutting ants (LCA) in forest plantations, is the application of chemical insecticides, but their use was forbidden in plantations certified by the Forest Stewardship Council because of their negative effect on the environment.
A 5‐year derogation of their prohibition was obtained in 2016 in Argentina, on the condition that forestry companies reduce pesticide doses by 5% per year and inform the Economic Injury Level (EIL).
The EIL and the Economic Threshold (ET) were estimated for the first time for the Acromyrmex genus in a Salicaceae forestation. As a model, we used the damage caused by the most detrimental LCA species of Argentina (Acromyrmex lundii) in the first, most critical year of a willow plantation (Salix nigra) in the lower basin of the Paraná River.
The EIL (8–15 nest/ha) was useful to demonstrate the real magnitude of the damage caused by A. lundii, which justified the need for its control. The ET for profitable production (∼3 nests/ha) would not be operatively applicable in a long‐term management program in our study site. This methodology could be extrapolated to other Neotropical forest plantations attacked by Acromyrmex species.
Recurrent cutaneous necrotising eosinophilic vasculitis
Authors: Lin Teng‐Li , Yang Chi‐Shun , Chen Yi‐Ju 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecurrent cutaneous necrotising eosinophilic vasculitis (RCNEV) is a rare disease that was first described in 1994. We report a case of RCNEV treated with corticosteroid, and 18 cases that we identified in the literature. Our review of the literature shows that RCNEV was frequently identified in middle‐aged females from Asia and usually presents as erythematous to purpuric papuloplaques, angio‐oedema on the extremities, as well as peripheral eosinophilia. Histopathologically, RCNEV is characterised by exclusively eosinophilic infiltration around the vascular plexus, the absence of leukocytoclasis and fibrinoid degeneration of vascular walls. Although, RCNEV responds to corticosteroid treatment, relapses have occurred during dose tapering. We also discuss the mechanisms of vascular destruction, the differential diagnosis and steroid‐sparing therapies for RCNEV.
‘One Stop Prostate Clinic’: prospective analysis of 1000 men attending a public same‐day prostate cancer assessment and/or diagnostic clinic
Authors: Hawks Cynthia , Moe Andrew , McCombie Steve , Hamid Akhlil , Brown Matthew , Hayne Dickon 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study reported the outcomes of the first 1000 men to attend the One Stop Prostate Clinic, a consultant‐led same‐day prostate cancer assessment and diagnostic clinic at a tertiary public hospital.MethodsProspective audit of demographic and clinical data between August 2011 and November 2017 was conducted for same‐day urological assessment and/or trans‐rectal ultrasound (TRUS)‐guided prostate biopsies with peri‐prostatic infiltration local anaesthetic (PILA) and antibiotic prophylaxis.ResultsA total of 466 (47%) rural and 534 (53%) metropolitan men attended. Rural mean (range) age was 63 years (38–86) and 65 years (37–89) for metro men (P = 0.006). Rural median (range) prostate specific antigen (PSA) level was 6.7 g/mL (0.2–450) and 7.3 ng/mL (0.5–860) for metro men (P = 0.011). Twenty‐five men (2.5%) refused/could not tolerate TRUS‐guided biopsy using PILA. One hundred and fifty‐one (15%) men had multi‐parametric magnetic resonance imaging prior to TRUS biopsy and 876 (88%) men had prostate biopsies, with a new cancer diagnostic rate of 51% (443 men). Clinically significant prostate cancer was detected in 339 (34%) men. The overall infective complication rate requiring hospital admission rose from 1.4% to 2.9% after the prophylactic antibiotic regimen changed from six doses of 500 mg ciprofloxacin to a single dose of 500 mg (P = 0.398).ConclusionThis is the largest single institution prospective TRUS prostate biopsy series in Australasia. Biopsies using PILA were well tolerated with low complication rates and diagnosed a high rate of clinically significant prostate cancer. The ‘One Stop’ pathway generates efficiencies with combined assessment and diagnostic process, lessens demand on outpatient clinic appointments and reduces travel time and costs for rural men.
A class of proportional win‐fractions regression models for composite outcomes
Authors: Mao Lu , Wang Tuo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe win ratio is gaining traction as a simple and intuitive approach to analysis of prioritized composite endpoints in clinical trials. To extend it from two‐sample comparison to regression, we propose a novel class of semiparametric models that includes as special cases both the two‐sample win ratio and the traditional Cox proportional hazards model on time to the first event. Under the assumption that the covariate‐specific win and loss fractions are proportional over time, the regression coefficient is unrelated to the censoring distribution and can be interpreted as the log win ratio resulting from one‐unit increase in the covariate. U‐statistic estimating functions, in the form of an arbitrary covariate‐specific weight process integrated by a pairwise residual process, are constructed to obtain consistent estimators for the regression parameter. The asymptotic properties of the estimators are derived using uniform weak convergence theory for U‐processes. Visual inspection of a “score” process provides useful clues as to the plausibility of the proportionality assumption. Extensive numerical studies using both simulated and real data from a major cardiovascular trial show that the regression methods provide valid inference on covariate effects and outperform the two‐sample win ratio in both efficiency and robustness. The proposed methodology is implemented in the R‐package WR, publicly available from the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN).
Isatuximab monotherapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: A Japanese, multicenter, phase 1/2, safety and efficacy study
Authors: Sunami Kazutaka , Suzuki Kenshi , Ri Masaki , Matsumoto Morio , Shimazaki Chihiro , Asaoku Hideki , Shibayama Hirohiko , Ishizawa Kenichi , Takamatsu Hiroyuki , Ikeda Takashi , Maruyama Dai , Kaneko Hitomi , Uchiyama Michihiro , Kiguchi Toru , Iyama Satoshi , Murakami Hirokazu , Takahashi Keishiro , Tada Keisuke , Macé Sandrine , Guillemin‐Paveau Hélène , Iida Shinsuke 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIsatuximab, an anti‐CD38 monoclonal antibody, targets cells that strongly express CD38 including malignant plasma cells. This open‐label, single‐arm, multicenter, phase 1/2 trial investigated the tolerability/safety and efficacy of isatuximab monotherapy in Japanese patients with heavily pretreated, relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). In Phase 1, patients were sequentially assigned to receive isatuximab once weekly (QW) in cycle 1 (4 weeks) and every 2 weeks (Q2W) in subsequent cycles. Cohort 1 (n = 3) received 10 mg/kg QW/Q2W; cohort 2 (n = 5) received 20 mg/kg QW/Q2W. No dose‐limiting toxicities occurred; the recommended dose for the single‐arm phase 2 study (n = 28) was 20 mg/kg QW/Q2W. The overall safety profile was consistent with the current knowledge of isatuximab. The most common adverse events were infusion reactions (42.9%; 12/28); all were grade 1/2 and generally occurred during the first infusion. The overall response rate with 20 mg/kg QW/Q2W isatuximab was 36.4% (12/33); patients with high‐risk cytogenetic abnormalities had comparable results. In phase 2, the median progression‐free survival was 4.7 (95% confidence interval, 3.75 to not reached) months. Median overall survival was not reached. Isatuximab monotherapy was well tolerated and effective in patients with heavily pretreated RRMM including high‐risk cytogenetic patients. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02812706.
Prognosis of patients with adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma in Japan: A nationwide hospital‐based study
Authors: Imaizumi Yoshitaka , Iwanaga Masako , Nosaka Kisato , Ishitsuka Kenji , Ishizawa Kenichi , Ito Shigeki , Amano Masahiro , Ishida Takashi , Uike Naokuni , Utsunomiya Atae , Ohshima Koichi , Tanaka Junji , Tokura Yoshiki , Tobinai Kensei , Watanabe Toshiki , Uchimaru Kaoru , Tsukasaki Kunihiro ,   for collaborative Investigators
Published: September 2020

AbstractAdult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a mature T‐cell neoplasm and is classified into four subtypes (acute, lymphoma, chronic, and smoldering) according to the Shimoyama classification, established in 1991 through several nationwide surveys based on the clinical diversity of patients diagnosed in 1983‐1987 in Japan. Thereafter, no such studies have been conducted. Recently, we conducted a nationwide hospital survey using the method of the 1980s studies, collected baseline data on 996 ATL patients diagnosed in 2010‐2011 from 126 hospitals, and reported their unique epidemiological characteristics. Here, we report the follow‐up results of registered ATL patients with the goal of evaluating current prognoses and treatment modalities as of 2016‐2017. Of 770 evaluable patients, 391 (50.8%) had acute‐type, 192 (24.9%) had lymphoma‐type, 106 (13.8%) had chronic‐type, and 81 (10.5%) had smoldering‐type ATL. The initial therapy regimens used for acute/lymphoma‐type ATL were vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and prednisone, followed by doxorubicin, ranimustine, and prednisone and then by vindesine, etoposide, carboplatin, and prednisone (VCAP‐AMP‐VECP)‐like in 38.5/41.7% and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP)‐like in 14.6/13.7% of patients. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was used to treat 15.9/10.4% of acute/lymphoma‐type ATL patients. The 4‐year survival rates (the median survival time, days) for acute‐, lymphoma‐, unfavorable chronic‐, favorable chronic‐, and smoldering‐type ATL were 16.8% (252), 19.6% (305), 26.6% (572), 62.1% (1937), and 59.8% (1851), respectively. The 4‐year survival rates for acute‐ and lymphoma‐type ATL improved compared with those reported in 1991, but those for chronic‐ and smoldering‐type ATL were not. Further efforts are warranted to develop more efficient therapeutic strategies to improve the prognosis of ATL in Japan.
Histomorphometric and micro‐CT analyses of calvarial bone grafts used to reconstruct the extremely atrophied maxilla
Authors: Wortmann Dagmar E. , Klein‐Nulend Jenneke , van Ruijven Leo J. , Vissink Arjan , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Schortinghuis Jurjen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundCalvarial bone grafts are successful in the reconstruction of the severely atrophied maxilla as a pre‐implant procedure. However, not much is known about graft incorporation at the microscopic level.PurposeThis study aimed to assess calvarial bone conversion 4 months after being grafted in the edentulous maxillary bone.Materials and methodsIn 13 patients (age:65.3 ± 8.7 years) the atrophic maxilla was reconstructed with autologous calvarial bone. Biopsies were taken from fresh calvarial bone grafts and from the reconstructed maxillae after 4 months of healing. Micro‐CT, histomorphometric, and histological analysis were performed. From three patients biopsies were obtained after 9, 11, or 45 months.ResultsThe micro‐CT analysis revealed that in the maxilla the calvarial bone was well preserved even after 45 months. Histology showed progressive incorporation of grafted bone within a maxillary bone. Osteoid and osteocytes were present in all biopsies indicating new bone formation and vital bone. Histomorphometrically, the percentage of grafted bone volume over total volume decreased from 79.8% (IQR78.7‐83.3) in fresh calvarial grafts to 59.3% (IQR44.8‐64.6) in healed grafts. The biopsies were taken after 9, 11, and 45 months showed similar values.ConclusionsCalvarial bone grafts result in stable and viable bone, good incorporation into native maxillary bone, and a minor decrease in bone volume after healing. Consequently, they provide a solid base for implant placement in severely atrophied edentulous maxillary bone.
Blood glucose level prediction for diabetes based on modified fuzzy time series and particle swarm optimization
Authors: Nizam Ozogur Hatice , Ozogur Gokhan , Orman Zeynep 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBlood glucose control is an essential goal for the patients who have Type‐1 diabetes (T1D). The prediction of the blood glucose levels for the next 30‐minute is crucial. If the predicted blood glucose level is in the critical ranges, and these predictions can be known in advance, then the patients can take the necessary cautions to prevent from it. In this article, we propose a modified fuzzy particle swarm optimization algorithm for the prediction of blood glucose levels of 30‐minute after the last measurement. We form the average and patient‐specific models to predict the blood glucose level of the patients. Both models are tested on two different datasets which contain patients with T1D. The experimental results are evaluated in terms of root mean squared error and Clarke error grid analysis metrics. The results indicate that our proposed modified algorithm is feasible to be applied to the prediction of blood glucose levels. In addition, this approach can assist patients with T1D for their blood glucose control.
KRAS 117N positive Rosai‐Dorfman disease with atypical features
Authors: Jafri Zainab A. , Reddy Shivani P. , Cassarino David S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRosai‐Dorfman disease (RDD), also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is a rare disease typically characterized by a histiocytic proliferation within lymph nodes, which is due to an unknown etiology. Extranodal involvement can occur, and it more rarely can involve the skin. RDD generally presents with an indolent nature and follows a benign disease course, although more aggressive cases have been reported. The condition predominately affects children and young adults. It is classically characterized by massive, bilateral painless lymphadenopathy and accumulation of CD68‐positive, S100‐positive, CD1a‐negative histiocytes, with the presence of emperipolesis as a hallmark. Herein, we present an aggressive case in a 76‐year‐old male with past medical history significant for prostate cancer, who presented with a 7‐month history of lymphadenopathy and new onset of multiple large abdominal wall, cutaneous, lymph node, liver, and lung masses, all of which were histopathologically atypical, but showed features consistent with RDD, including emperipolesis and strong S100 positivity. Molecular studies showed a KRAS 117N mutation, which has been recently reported in RDD. While most cases present as a benign tumor, this case demonstrated aggressive features clinically, showed partial response to MEK inhibitor immunotherapy in the setting of a KRAS mutation, and demonstrated atypical cytologic features on histopathology.
Addressing educational attainment inequities in rural Ethiopia: Leave no adolescent behind
Authors: Devonald Megan , Jones Nicola , Yadete Workneh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMotivationAlthough many countries have made progress towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) on inclusive and equitable education for all, vulnerable children and adolescents in low‐income countries often face significant barriers to realizing educational opportunities, especially at secondary and post‐secondary or tertiary levels.PurposeIn line with the aim of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to “leave no one behind”, the article explores the factors that shape the educational trajectories of vulnerable population groups and contributes to evidence‐informed policy and programming to tackle school dropout in rural Ethiopia.Approach and MethodsThe article draws on qualitative research on 150 girls and boys aged 10–19 years, along with their caregivers and key informants, in communities from three diverse regions in Ethiopia: pastoralist Afar, highland Amhara, and lowland Oromia.FindingsAlthough Ethiopia has made remarkable progress in increasing secondary enrolment since 2000, intersecting barriers put vulnerable adolescents’ educational opportunities at risk. Children and adolescents from poor households, those with disabilities, and who are internally displaced, out‐of‐school or working face a range of challenges at the household, community and system levels. These barriers are also shaped by gender norms that restrict adolescent girls’ and boys’ education, often in contrasting ways.Policy ImplicationsA multi‐pronged approach is critical to promoting educational opportunities that leave no adolescent behind, including investments in school quality, positive disciplinary approaches, competency‐based grade progression, water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities and school‐feeding programmes; the wider enabling environment, including social protection and safe, subsidized transport; initiatives to tackle age‐ and gender‐based violence that discourages school attendance; and tailored strategies to support the most vulnerable young people.