bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in peanut canopy structure and photosynthetic behavior resulting from arbuscular mycorrhizal association in a nutrient-poor environment
Authors: Bi Yinli , huili Zhou , Christie Perer 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on peanut in a nutrient-poor environment were investigated by inoculating plants with AMF and comparing plant temporal growth responses to those of uninoculated control plants. As time passed AMF increased plant height, crown width and total leaf area, decreased the tiller angle of the middle and upper canopy, increased the tiller angle of the lower canopy, reduced leaf inclination angle, and increased average leaf area and leaf area index. In addition, AMF increased the net photosynthetic rate, promoted plant nutrient uptake and the development of the plant canopy, thereby increasing the accumulation and yield of substances.
Combined Endoscopic Negative Pressure and Surgical Treatment of Anastomotic Insufficiencies following Oncological Gastrectomy – Recent Results
Authors: Wichmann Doerte , Stüker Dietmar , Thiel Karolin , Lange Jessica , Schempf Ulrike , Werner Christoph R. , Königsrainer Alfred , Schweizer Ulrich , Steger Volker , Häberle Helene Anna , Archid Rami 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims: Management of esophago-jejunal anastomotic leakages (EJAL) following gastrectomy is challenging. Endoscopic negative pressure therapy (ENPT) is an emerging effective tool for treatment of gastrointestinal and anastomotic leaks. We have been using ENPT as first line therapy for EJAL after oncological gastric resections since 2018. The aim of the study was to present our results with this strategy in a case series. Methods: Nine consecutive patients were treated with ENPT for EJAL after oncological gastrectomy between 01.2018 and 12.2019. A retrospective analysis of patients’ and treatment-related data was performed. Results: Time to leakage detection was 6.00 ± 2.49 days after surgery. After 14.78 ± 9.66 days of ENPT, 6.25 ± 3.65 endoscopies and 38.11 ± 16.46 days of hospitalization, endoscopic treatment with ENPT combined with surgical debridement and drainage for sepsis control was effective in eight of nine patients. In one patient with a complete anastomotic dehiscence, treatment was changed to a stent-based therapy combined with surgery. Conclusions: ENPT is a new and promising option in the complication management of patients with anastomotic insufficiencies following oncological gastrectomy. It can be recommended in combination with limited surgery to preserve the anastomosis and provide sepsis control. The time interval to diagnosis and the size of the insufficiency are important for the success of ENPT in patients with EJAL.
PET/CT Scan as a Surrogate for Treatment Outcomes in Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
Authors: Khakoo Nidah Shabbir , Isma Safayeth Jabeen , Mirsaeidi Mehdi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: One of the challenges in treating sarcoidosis is that there is currently no reliable modality to measure disease activity and prognosis. This study was conducted to determine if PET/CT scans could be used to evaluate clinical response to sarcoidosis treatment. Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, subjects with symptomatic pulmonary sarcoidosis followed by the University of Miami Sarcoidosis program from 2015 through 2018 were assessed. Inclusion criteria were subjects ≥18 years who had histologically-confirmed pulmonary sarcoidosis for ≥2 years. Subjects that had PET/CT scans completed prior to starting treatment and approximately one year later were enrolled. Demographics, circulatory blood biomarkers, subjective symptoms, and medications were recorded at baseline (T0) and a year later (T1). Results: Ten subjects with symptomatic pulmonary sarcoidosis were enrolled. All subjects had at least one organ affected by sarcoidosis and a highest of five organs involved (mean 2.75, SD 1.21). Mean serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) level was 56.0 U/L (SD 43.08), mean lysozyme was 7.78 µg/mL (SD 3.78), and mean C-reactive protein (CRP) was 0.73 mg/dL (SD 0.85) at T0. Further, mean number of positive lesions was 4.27 (SD 2.65) and mean highest SUV was 5.59 (SD 3.59), with a highest of 14.5 at T0. After one year of therapy, a significant improvement in measured outcomes was noted. Dyspnea was absent in all subjects at T1 and only 1 (10%) reported cough at T1. The mean ACE was 42.17 U/L (SD 20.24), mean lysozyme was 6.24 µg/mL (SD 0.80), and mean CRP was 1.67 mg/dL (SD 1.60) at T1. Furthermore, five (50%) subjects were receiving a reduced dose of their respective medication at T1. In terms of PET/CT findings, the mean number of positive lesions decreased at T1 to 1.73 (SD 2.87) and the mean highest SUV decreased to 2.18 (SD 3.3). Conclusion: PET/CT scans can be used as a surrogate modality to help guide treatments in those subjects affected by sarcoidosis, as shown by significant reductions in the involvement of multiple organs. Further studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to explore the potential PET/CT scans have to influence treatment outcomes in sarcoidosis.
Relativistic Compton Wave
Authors: Haug Espen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In 1923, Arthur Holly Compton introduced what today is known as the Compton wave. Even if the Compton scattering derivation by Compton is relativistic in the sense that it takes into account the momentum of photons traveling at the speed of light, the original Compton derivation indirectly assumes that the electron is stationary at the moment it is scattered by electrons, but not after it has been hit by photons. Here, we extend this to derive Compton scattering for the case when the electron is initially moving at a velocity v .
Predicting Prognostic Effects of Acupuncture for Depression Using Electroencephalogram
Authors: Fan Xiaomao , Huang Xingxian , Zhao Yang , Wang Lin , Yu Haibo , Zhao Gansen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Depression is considered to be a major public health problem with significant implications for individuals and society. Patients with depression can be with complementary therapies such as acupuncture. Predicting the prognostic effects of acupuncture has a big significance of helping physicians to take early interventions for patients with depression and avoid malignant events.Methods: In this work, a novel framework of predicting prognostic effects of acupuncture for depression based on electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings is presented. Specifically, EEG is utilized for predicting prognostic effects of acupuncture. Max-relevance and min-redundancy (mRMR), with merits of removing redundant information among selected features and remaining high relevance between selected features and response variable, is employed to select important lead-rhythm features extracted from EEG recordings. Then, according to the subjects’ HAMD scores before and after acupuncture for 8 weeks, the reduction rate of HAMD score is calculated as a measure of the prognostic effects of acupuncture. Finally, five widely used machine learning methods are utilized for building the predicting models of prognostic effects of acupuncture for depression.Results: Experimental results show that non-linear machine learning methods have better performance than linear ones on predicting prognostic effects of acupuncture using EEG recordings. Especially, the support vector machine with Gaussian kernel (SVM-RBF) can achieve the best and stable performance using the mRMR with both evaluating criteria of FCD and FCQ for feature selection. Both mRMR-FCD and mRMR-FCQ obtain the same best performance, where the accuracy and F1 score are 84.61 % and 86.67 %, respectively. What’s more, lead-rhythm features selected by mRMR-FCD and mRMR-FCQ are analyzed. Top seven selected lead-rhythm features have much higher mRMR evaluating scores, which guarantee the good predicting performance for machine learning methods to some degree.Conclusion: The presented framework in this work is effective in predicting prognostic effects of acupuncture for depression. It can be integrated into an intelligent medical system and provide the information of prognostic effects of acupuncture for physicians. Informed prognostic effects of acupuncture for depression in advance and taking interventions can greatly reduce the risk of malignant events for patients with mental disorders.
Trend of respiratory pathogens during the COVID-19 epidemic: comparison between 2020 and the last 5 years
Authors: Wang Le , Yang Shuo , Yan Xiaotong , Liu Teng , Zhao Menchuan , Feng Zhishan , Li Guixia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In China, the first SARS-CoV-2 infection was diagnosed in Wuhan on December 8. Spreads in other regions have occurred since the end of January, happens to be the start of Lunar New Year holiday. In this study, we analyzed the prevalence of common respiratory pathogens in children with respiratory infections during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and compared them with the time trends from 2016 to 2019. Overall, results obtained indicate that the time trend of other respiratory infections were significantly different from previous years, especially the pattern of influenza and Mycoplasma pneumonia. Therefore, in the current scenario of COVID-19 pandemic, other common pathogens testing should not be excluded. The natural home isolation period in new year holiday may weaken the transmission of common respiratory viruses.
Restore of miR-541 resensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine-induced apoptosis through suppression of HAX-1
Authors: Liu Hong , Gan Xuemei , Zhang Jun , Zhang Xingdiao , Xiong Jie , Liu Fengling , Yang Zhongqiu , Wang Xiangxiang , Liu Mingzhong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: MiR-541 acts as a tumor suppressor in some cancers. However, the role of miR-541 in regulating the chemosensitivity to cancer cells is still unclear. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of miR-541 on chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer (PCa) cells to gemcitabine-induced apoptosis.Methods: Gemcitabine-resistant Panc-1 and Capan-2 PCa cell lines (Panc-1/R and Capan-2/R) were established through long term exposure to gemcitabine. Effect of miR-541 on changing the sensitivity of Panc-1/R and Capan-2/R to gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assays. Regulation of miR-541 on HAX-1 was confirmed by bioinformatics, western blot analysis and luciferase reporter assays. Cell apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was measured by flow cytometry analysis.Results: Comparison with Panc-1 and Capan-2, downregulation of miR-541 was observed in Panc-1/R and Capan-2/R cells. Overexpression of miR-541 was found to increase the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine to Panc-1/R and Capan-2/R cells. However, transfection with HAX-1 plasmid can abolish the effect of miR-541 on gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity against Panc-1/R and Capan-2/R.Conclusion: Downregulation of miR-541 is responsible for development of gemcitabine resistance in PCa. Overexpression of miR-541 may represent a potential strategy to reverse the chemoresistance of PCa.
Stem Cell-Related Prognostic Signature for Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Huang Zhanghao , Shi Muqi , Zhou Hao , Wang Jinjie , Zhou You Lang , Zhang Hai-Jian , Shi Jia-Hai 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Adenocarcinoma is characterized by high infiltration and negative growth, which is easy to invade the walls of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. The function of the stem cell population is to control and maintain cell regeneration. Therefore, it is necessary to study the prognostic value of stem cells in LUAD.Methods: Stem cells signature construction relies on the univariate, least absolute shrinkage operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Risk plot, Kaplan-Meier analysis and the area under ROC (AUC) are verified the accuracy of the signature in GEO (GSE20319 and GSE42127) and TCGA cohort respectively. What's more, to further improve persuasiveness, we conducted nomogram, drug efficacy analysis, immune infiltration analysis, and compared the relationship between mRNA stem cell index (mRNAsi) and signature.Result: The patients were divided into two groups via the cutoff of risk score; it can be seen that the low-risk group has better survival. The robust signature that contains ten stem cells is independent prognostic factors for LUAD (C6orf62, DNER, NELL2, LATS2, LGR5, PTPRO, LRIG1, PABPC1, NT5E and SET). The nomogram showed that 1-year (0.805), 3-year (0.773), and 5-year (0.765) survival rates of the signature we constructed were all greater than 0.7, indicating that our signature was very feasible.Conclusion: The signature can be used as a reliable and convenient tool for lung adenocarcinoma.
Serum Fatty Acid Binding Protein 5 (FABP5) as a Potential Biomarker of Inflammation in Psoriasis.
Authors: Kozłowska Dorota , Myśliwiec Hanna , Harasim-Symbor Ewa , Milewska Anna , Chabowski Adrian , Flisiak Iwona 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease with cardiometabolic comorbidities. Fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) is elevated in human psoriatic keratinocytes and could be potentially involved in systemic metabolic disturbances. The aim of the study was to evaluate serum FABP5 in psoriatic patients, to assess the relationship between FABP5 and the duration, severity of the disease, inflammatory and metabolic markers and influence of treatment with narrowband UVB (NB-UVB). Methods: A total of 74 patients with active plaque-type psoriasis and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Thirty patients were treated with NB-UVB. Patients were divided into subgroups based on their BMI (Body Mass Index) and disease severity measured by PASI (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index). The serum concentrations of FABP5 were measured using commercially available Human FABP5 ELISA kit. Total serum fatty acids content and composition was measured by gas–liquid chromatography and flame ionization detector after direct in situ transesterificationResults: Serum FABP5 levels in psoriatic patients (both obese and non-obese) were higher versus control group (p<0.001). FABP5 in patients with PASI >20 was higher compared to the mild group (PASI <10) (p<0.001) and serum FABP5 correlated positively with PASI score (r=0.41, p<0.001). We found positive correlation between FABP5 and basic inflammation indices: C-reactive protein, white blood cell count and the platelet count. Decrease of PASI after NB-UVB treatment (p<0.001) was observed and accompanied by decrease of the serum FABP5 (p=0.007). Conclusion: FABP5 is a potential marker of psoriasis, its severity and clinical outcome after therapy with NB-UVB. FABP5 may reflect metabolic disturbances and might be the potential missing link between psoriasis and metabolic disturbances.
Gene expression dysregulated of Long Chain Non-coding RNA in patients with idiopathic achalasia: New Insight into Pathogenesis
Authors: Lu Chao , Zhang Hongtao , Wei Furong , Yao Xin , Yu Chaohui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Idiopathic achalasia is a primary disorder of esophageal motility characterized by the absence of lower esophageal sphincter (LES). However, the pathogenesis of idiopathic achalasia remains unclear. To further understand the pathogenesis of idiopathic achalasia, we conducted lncRNA and mRNA microarray analyses.Methods: LES specimens used for microarray were collected from five idiopathic achalasia and four control patients undergoing total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Potential target genes with significantly changed lncRNA and mRNA were predicted using cis/trans-regulatory algorithms, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis to further understand the biophysical effect.Results: In this study, 3136 significantly upregulated and 3997 significantly downregulated mRNAs were identified, along with 6892 significantly dysregulated lncRNAs (4900 increased and 1992 decreased lncRNAs). Biophysical function analysis of these RNAs revealed that the cell adhesion molecule (CAM) pathway was a common pathway. The predicted lncRNA targets of NRXN1 (Down FC: 9.07), NTNG2 (UP FC: 2.75), CADM1 (Down FC: 2.26), NLGN1 (Down FC: 4.60), NEGR1 (Down FC: 2.335), CD22 (Down FC: 5.62), HLA-DQB1 (Down FC: 5.06), and HLA-DOA (Down FC: 2.31) were inputted in this pathway, which were mainly located in the synapse part of the neural system and immune system. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the lncRNAs and corresponding mRNAs that play critical roles in idiopathic achalasia. Our findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of this disorder.
Role Of Viral Coinfections In Asthma Development In Children With Severe Bronchiolitis In Early Childhood
Authors: Ruiz Sara , Calvo Cristina , Pozo Francisco , Casas Inmaculada , García-García María Luz 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND. Severe viral bronchiolitis is associated with a higher risk of developing asthma, but little is known about the medium-term prognosis and the lung function evolution of patients admitted for viral coinfection-associated bronchiolitis. Our main objective was to compare the lung function, the prevalence of asthma and the rate of allergic sensitization at 6-9 years in children hospitalized for bronchiolitis with viral coinfection versus single viral infection.METHODS. Observational, longitudinal study in children previously hospitalized for viral bronchiolitis with current age between 6-9 years. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected. Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide determination, spirometry and skin prick test for common aeroallergens were performed.RESULTS. A total of 244 bronchiolitis-admitted children (52 coinfections and 192 single infections), with current age 6-9 years, accepted to participate by telephone answering the clinical questionnaires. Of them, 181 patients agreed for a medical visit. The overall frequency of asthma was 21%, being this prevalence almost twice as high in the viral coinfection group (p = 0.049). The coinfection cohort had more than twice as many admissions (p = 0.04), was more likely to receive montelukast (p = 0.06) and salmeterol/fluticasone treatment (p = 0.03) than the single-infection one. No differences regarding lung function values or allergic sensitization rate were observed between both groups.The variables independently related to current asthma at 6-9 years were: viral coinfection during bronchiolitis (p = 0.004), allergic rhinitis (p = 0.001), food allergy (p = 0.05) and atopic dermatitis (p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS. Severe bronchiolitis associated with double or multiple viral detection in the first 24 months is an independent risk factor for higher frequency and greater severity of asthma at 6-9 years, being this risk almost three times higher compared to single infection. This fact is suggested by the higher frequency of current asthma, symptoms in intercrisis periods, maintenance anti-asthma treatment and number of hospitalizations for recurrent wheezing in children with coinfection compared to single infection. Early viral etiology identification in severe bronchiolitis might facilitate the prompt prediction and treatment of asthma in school age.
Immature Squamous Metaplasia of Esophageal Glands Associated with Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Case Report
Authors: Verset Laurine , Huberty Vincent , Bourgeois Vincent , Lemmers Arnaud , Demetter Pieter 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Esophageal immature squamous metaplasia is poorly reported in the literature. This entity can, however, be misinterpreted as high grade dysplasia or invasive squamous cell carcinoma and hence represent a potential pitfall. Case presentation: Histopathological examination of a superficial esoophageal lesion removed by endoscopic submucosal dissection revealed a squamous cell carcinoma associated with immature squamous cell metaplasia arising from esophageal glands. Immunohistochemical stainings allowed to distinguish malignant from metaplastic cells.Conclusions: Immunohistochemistry for Ber-EP4 is helpful in making the distinction between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and immature squamous metaplasia. This can avoid overstaging and overtreatment, especially in early esophageal cancer.
Detection of Carbapenemase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from Environmental Sources in a Tertiary Health Institution in Nigeria.
Authors: Aghanya Iloduba Nnaemeka , Akujobi Comfort Nne , Ushie Simon Nkpeh , Ubajaka Chika Florence , Ajuba Ijeoma Maryrose , Ezeama Chibuike Jesse , Maduekwe Nkechi Perpetua , Uzoewulu Ngozichukwu Gertrude , Chigbo Chisom Godswill 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective: The acquisition of carbapenemase-producing organisms in healthcare settings is a major threat and has serious implications for public health. This study aimed at determining the occurrence of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in the ward environments of a tertiary health institution in Nigeria.Results: A total of 142 bacteria were isolated from 534 formites in the hospital wards, and of the 142 isolates, 15(10.6%) were confirmed to be Klebsiella pneumoniae. The prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in all the 534 samples was 15/534(2.8%), while the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was 8/534(1.5%). Multi-drug Resistance was detected in 15/15(100%) of the Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated. Although no Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase (blaKPC) gene was expressed in any of these isolates, 8/15(53.3%) of these isolates were confirmed positive for cabapenemase production using a phenotypic detection method- Modified Hodge Test. The commonest sites that harboured carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae were the beds 6/15(40%). The organisms showed maximum resistance (100%) to ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, cefuroxime and tetracycline, while the highest sensitivities were seen in the carbapenems especially imipenem (73.3%). It was concluded that carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were present in the study site, thus, buttressing the need for reinforcements of infection control policies in hospital settings.