bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lip‐to‐nose flap for reconstruction of the nasal planum after curative intent excision of squamous cell carcinoma in cats: Description of technique and outcome in seven cases
Authors: Massari Federico , Chiti Lavinia E. , Lisi Marta L. P. , Drudi Dario , Montinaro Vincenzo , Sommaruga Paolo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the surgical technique for nasal planum reconstruction with a lip‐to‐nose flap after curative intent surgical excision of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in cats and to report the surgical outcomes.Study designShort case series.AnimalsSeven cats with SCC of the lateral (n = 6) or dorsal (n = 1) aspect of the nasal planum.MethodsAfter tumor excision, a mucocutaneous lip‐to‐nose flap was harvested from the upper lip and transposed to reconstruct the nasal planum. Variables recorded included surgical time, surgical complications, healing complications, flap success rate, and cosmetic and long‐term functional outcomes.ResultsMedian surgical time was 67.5 minutes (range 49‐80), and no intraoperative complications occurred. Postoperatively, six cats developed self‐limiting edema of the muzzle, and one cat had nasal discharge for 2 days. No major complications occurred during the healing process, and all cats went on to achieve successful healing of their flap. A small area of partial‐thickness necrosis developed at the cranial edge of the flap in three cats and healed spontaneously in all cases within a few days. According to owner satisfaction and periodic clinical assessment, cosmetic and long‐term functional of outcomes were considered good in all cats.ConclusionThe lip‐to‐nose flap allowed for aesthetic and functional reconstruction of the nasal planum after curative intent surgical excision of feline SCC.Clinical significanceThe lip‐to‐nose flap is an option for a single‐stage reconstruction of the nasal planum following partial nasal planectomy in cats.
Experimental and numerical study of a piano key side weir with oblique keys
Authors: Karimi Mahmoud , Jalili Ghazizadeh Mohammadreza , Saneie Mojtaba , Attari Jalal 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSide weirs deflect the approaching flow to the side channel with a specific angle. Considering this angled flow, the oblique shape of side weirs would improve the flow discharge efficiency. In this paper, a Piano Key Side Weir (PKSW) with oblique keys is proposed. Sixteen PKSWs with different key angles were studied in the laboratory, as well as two PKSWs by using CFD modelling. Flow characteristics and discharge coefficients of the proposed side weirs were investigated. Results show that a PKSW with positive key angles can decrease the flow disturbance (a phenomenon usually occurs in symmetric PKSWs), which results in higher discharge coefficients especially in high Froude numbers (F1 > 0.35). Among the studied PKSWs with oblique keys, the best performance was achieved with a PKSW with 30° key angle. The findings of this study can be used for a better design of PKSWs.
Derivation of Entropy and Exergy Transport Equations, and Application to Second Law Analysis of Sugarcane Bagasse Gasification in Bubbling Fluidized Beds
Authors: Verissimo Gabriel L. , Cruz Manuel E. , Leiroz Albino J. K. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the present work, the transport equations for mass, momentum, energy, and chemical species as given by the Euler–Euler formulation for multiphase flows are used together with the second law of thermodynamics to derive the entropy and exergy transport equations, suitable to the study of gas-particle reactive flows, such as those observed during pyrolysis, gasification, and combustion of biomass particles. The terms of the derived equations are discussed, and the exergy destruction contributions are identified. Subsequently, a kinetic model is implemented in a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) open source code for the sugarcane bagasse gasification. Then, the derived exergy destruction terms are implemented numerically through user-defined Fortran routines. Next, the second law analysis of the gasification process of sugarcane bagasse in bubbling fluidized beds is carried out. Detailed results are obtained for the local destructions of exergy along the reactor. This information is important to help improve environmental and sustainable practices and should be of interest to both designers and operators of fluidized bed equipment.
A Study on Urban Heating System Flexibility: Modeling and Evaluation
Authors: Chen Jiaying , Li Hao , Huang Wei , Li Zhongbo , Zhong Wei , Zhou Yi , Lin Xiaojie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study investigates the urban heating system (UHS) by taking a look at the heat transportation flexibility of the system. We propose the heating system flexibility (HSF) concept to represent UHS’s capability of meeting the heating demand under different operation conditions during the heating season and give out the corresponding evaluation method. Based on the evaluation method, we investigate the impact of heating network enhancement measures upon HSF by taking a real UHS in Beijing as a demo site. We pick network-wise topological change (extra pipe) and booster pump installation as two representative renovation measures. When an extra pipe close to end-user is introduced to the network, the average flexibility increases but the median flexibility drops. The results show that the introduction of the extra pipe does not reduce the hydraulic imbalance among different substations. A booster pump is more suitable for improving local substation HSF, although such a measure is only effective to a portion of the substations. Overall, the concept of HSF has the potential of being used as an important criterion in the design, operation, and control of UHS and other energy systems.
Feasibility Study of Force Measurement for Multi-Digit Unconstrained Grasping via Fingernail Imaging and Visual Servoing
Authors: Fallahinia Navid , Mascaro Stephen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Publisher’s Note:
This paper was selected for publication in ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control.
https://www.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/lettersdynsys/article/doi/10.1115/1.4046777/1082075/Feasibility-Study-of-Force-Measurement-for-Multi
Emission Aware Eco-Driving on Country Roads
Authors: Deng Junpeng , Polterauer Philipp , del Re Luigi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Eco-driving is a way to improve performance — mainly energy consumption — of road vehicles by computing an optimal speed and gear shifting profile based on vehicle data and road profile, e.g. slopes or speed limits. It mainly focuses on long haul scenarios such as highways, considering longitudinal movement only. Lateral acceleration of a vehicle is a critical quantity both in terms of comfort and safety, but its impact on fuel consumption or emissions is rarely considered or believed to be limited [1], as it does not affect directly the operating point of the engine. However, on country roads which usually present much stronger curvatures, lateral acceleration may be a critical constraint. In this paper, the impact of lateral acceleration limits on optimal solutions to multi-objective eco-driving is investigated. It is found that it may play an even more critical role than longitudinal acceleration with respect to fuel consumption and NOx emission. As a consequence, the choice of limits to lateral acceleration on curvy roads should be set very carefully in order to achieve a balance between energy saving, drivers comfort and travel time. The results of this work are validated on a high-feasibility Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) system calibrated with data from Real Driving Emissions tests.
Thermodynamics-Inspired Modeling of Macroscopic Swarm States
Authors: Haeri Hossein , Jerath Kshitij , Leachman Jacob 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Publisher’s Note:
This paper was selected for publication in ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control.
https://www.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/lettersdynsys/article/doi/10.1115/1.4046580/1075681/Thermodynamics-Inspired-Macroscopic-States-of
Sliding Mode Impedance and Stiffness Control of a Pneumatic Cylinder
Authors: Slightam Jonathon E. , Barth Eric J. , Nagurka Mark L. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Pneumatic double acting cylinders are able to provide inherent stiffness and force control for compliant motion control applications. Impedance control methods allow for a broad spectrum of mechanical properties of actuators to be achieved. The range of this spectrum can be increased by simultaneously controlling the actuator’s inherent stiffness and impedance, a concept explored in this paper. Presented here is a sliding mode impedance and stiffness controller for a servo-pneumatic double acting cylinder. Two proportional servo-valves are employed for simultaneous control of the virtual impedance and inherent stiffness of the pneumatic cylinder. Experimental results of tracking trajectories and contact are reported and discussed with respect to different approaches in the literature.
Structured Robust Linear Parameter-Varying Vehicle Sideslip Angle Estimation
Authors: Zha Jingqiang , Wang Junmin , Li Min , Zhang Xin , Yu Xiao 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Non-smooth structured robust controller design has drawn a lot of attention recently due to its ability to deal with uncertainty and its convenience for implementation. In this paper, the method is extended to design the structured robust linear parameter-varying (LPV) estimator by pulling out scheduling variables from estimator using linear fractional transformation (LFT). The structured robust LPV estimator is then applied to vehicle sideslip angle estimation. Both the measured vehicle speed and estimated tire cornering stiffness are treated as scheduling variables to further reduce sideslip angle estimation error. The effects of estimator order and number of repetitiveness of scheduling variables are studied using a MATLAB/Simulink bicycle model. The developed approach is later verified in Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) simulation environment using dSPACE SCALEXIO and MicroAutoBox. A comprehensive high-fidelity dSPACE automotive simulation models (ASM) vehicle model is used for the real-time HIL simulation. Double-lane change and sine steer maneuvers have been implemented to verify the effectiveness of the structured robust LPV sideslip angle estimation method.
Energy-Balanced Leader-Switching Policy for Formation Rotation Control of Multi-Agent Systems Inspired by Bird Flocks
Authors: Dotson Corey , Macias Geronimo , Lee Kooktae 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper addresses an energy-balanced leader-switching policy for formation rotation control of multi-agent systems inspired by bird flocks. Birds that flock in V-formation with a leader rotation strategy are able to travel longer distances due to reduced drag and therefore less energy expenditure. This flocking behavior with a leader rotation will result in more conservation of overall energy and will be particularly beneficial to migrating birds that should fly long distances without landing. In this paper, we propose an energy-balanced leader-switching policy inspired by this bird flocking behavior in order to increase the flight range for multi-agent systems. The formation control of multi-agent systems is achieved by the consensus algorithm, which is fully decentralized through the use of information exchanges between agents. The proposed leader-switching method is not necessarily incorporated with the consensus dynamics and thus, the leader-switching algorithm can be decoupled from formation control dynamics. Therefore, the proposed method can simplify the leader-switching algorithm, making it easy to implement. Moreover, we propose the analytic flight distance based on the energy consumption model for each agent. To test the validity of the developed method, several simulation results are presented.
Adaptive Control of Nanowires Motion Using Electric Fields in Fluid Suspension
Authors: Wu Juan , Yu Kaiyan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Automated, highly precise manipulation of nanowires and nanotubes is essential to achieve scalable nanomanufacturing. However, nanowires exhibit uncontrolled variations in their structures or compositions that can limit their functions and properties. In this paper, we present an adaptive controller for the simultaneous manipulation of multiple nanowires using electric fields. We then prove its stability in the presence of parametric uncertainties. Without complex characterization of each nanowire’s mobility, the nanowires can be steered to achieve precisely controlled positions. Simulation and experimental results confirm the proposed adaptive control scheme precisely, independently, and simultaneously manipulates the motion of multiple nanowires.
Empirical Regret Bounds for Control in Spatiotemporally Varying Environments: A Case Study in Airborne Wind Energy
Authors: Haydon Ben , Cole Jack , Dunn Laurel , Keyantuo Patrick , Chow Tina , Moura Scott , Vermillion Chris 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper focuses on the empirical derivation of regret bounds for mobile systems that can vary their locations within a spatiotemporally varying environment in order to maximize performance. In particular, the paper focuses on an airborne wind energy system, where the replacement of towers with tethers and a lifting body allows the system to adjust its altitude continuously, with the goal of operating at the altitude that maximizes net power production. While prior publications have proposed control strategies for this problem, often with favorable results based on simulations that use real wind data, they lack any theoretical or statistical performance guarantees. In the present work, we make use of a very large synthetic data set, identified through parameters from real wind data, to derive probabilistic bounds on the difference between optimal and actual performance, termed regret. The results are presented for a variety of control strategies, including a maximum probability of improvement, upper confidence bound, greedy, and constant altitude approaches.
On the Modeling and Optimization of Anti-Vibration Gloves for Hand-Arm Vibration Control
Authors: Gupta Sunit K. , Alabi Oreoluwa , Kakou Paul-Camille , Barry Oumar 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Various studies in hand-arm vibrations have shown that isolators in the form of anti-vibration (AV) gloves are effective to reduce unwanted vibrations, transmitted to the human hand, from machines and hand tools. However, most of these studies are based on experimental or numerical analysis and hence, the level of effectiveness and optimum values of the glove’s properties remain unclear. In this work, we analytically study the dynamics of hand-arm vibrations with and without a glove using the harmonic balance method. The considered analytical models for the hand-arm vibration comprise of lumped multi-degree of freedom system. The hand-tool interactions are modeled as linear spring and damper system for simplicity and accordingly, we obtain the equations governing the dynamics of the human-hand system. We perform parametric analysis using this bio-mechanical model of the hand-arm vibrations with and without a glove. The parametric analysis on the relative transmissibility (i.e., the ratio of transmissibilities with glove to without glove) shows the dependence of the transmissibility on the glove parameters. We observe that the effect of glove parameters on the relative transmissibility is not monotonous for the studied frequency range. This observation further motivates us to perform optimization of the glove parameters to minimize the overall transmissibility.
Modelling and Experimental Study for PVC Gel Actuators
Authors: Frank Zachary , Olsen Zakai , Hwang Taeseon , Kim Kwang J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gels are a promising material for soft robotic actuators due to their fast response rates and remarkable deformation characteristics. A variety of different actuator types can be made with PVC gels because their deformation via anodophilic creep is highly customizable by alteration of the electrode configuration, applied electric field, surface microstructure, and plasticizer content. This level of customization is not typically possible with other electroactive polymer actuators. Several attempts have been made to model PVC gel anodophilic creep actuation. Most of these have been limited in scope to particular actuator types and are phenomenological models. An accurate predictive model is necessary for the implementation and control of these actuators in the field of soft robotics, and this can be better achieved through the use of a physics-based electromechanical model.
In this paper the underlying mechanisms for PVC gel actuation are discussed, and simulation results are shown. We present our finite element model which seeks to move towards a more general model for PVC gels derived from first principles. This electromechanical model is based on the Maxwell stress that is developed within the PVC gel along the anode when an electric field is applied. COMSOL Multiphysics modeling software is utilized for the simulation of PVC gel deformation when exposed to an electric potential. In addition, an experimental study of PVC gels was conducted to verify the model for mesh-type contraction actuators, and the simulated results provide context and support for the underlying mechanisms discussed.
Observability of Multi-Agent Network Sensing Systems
Authors: Raptis Ioannis , Taylor Clark 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This work addresses the observability properties of linear time-invariant systems that are monitored by a sensor network that provides access only to relative measurements and partial absolute observations of the state-space variables. Graph-theoretical tools are deployed to represent the information sharing links between the sensors of the network. The results are extended to multi-agent coordinated systems that are independently controlled or execute distributed control protocols. Explicit analytical conditions are derived that determine the system’s observability with respect to the spectral characteristics of the information-sharing network. The system’s observability is further investigated for multi-agent systems governed by the agreement dynamics where only a singleton measurement is available. The analysis is disseminated to the design of distributed observers where the agents have only available their relative displacement measurement from their neighbors. The distributed observer’s estimation error is rendered globally asymptotically stable by the addition of an anchor node that has access to the absolute motion of a single agent (node). The theoretical analysis is validated through numerical simulations.
Surface Recognition for Cars: A Comprehensive Approach for Neural Networks
Authors: Pourkand Ashkan , White Chris , Zamani Naghmeh , Grow David 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper explores the viability of neural-network-based classification of ground surface for vehicles. By classifying road surface in near real-time, improvements in vehicle performance (e.g. braking and cornering) may be possible. Classification performance for many combinations of feature encoding and neural network types are compared. The vehicle used here was an Audi “S3” with a magnetic suspension system on the Sport mode. An NI CompactRIO (or cDAQ) module was used to record from a lowing the cDAQ to communicate with the PCB 352C03 one-axis accelerometer. The accelerometer was firmly attached to the windshield of the car. This work focuses on the classification of four road surfaces (asphalt, dirt, concrete, and sand), though larger target sets were also considered. The most accurate method involved a MATLAB feature extraction package with a back-propagation neural network, yielding an overall accuracy of 97%. Lessons learned from this wide exploration of options may extend to other related classification problems.
A Novel Buoyancy Control Device Using Reversible PEM Fuel Cells
Authors: Yazji Jalal , Zaidi Hamza , Torres Luke Thomas , Leroy Christopher , Keow Alicia , Chen Zheng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Buoyancy control devices are essential to maneuver ROV effectively underwater. Many approaches have been used to tackle this problem such as compressed air ballast which can take in water and eject it using compressed air and the use of high-density foam plates that can be added or removed to increase or decrease the buoyancy. Presented in this paper is a novel approach for buoyancy control, which utilizes the electrolysis and reverse electrolysis capabilities of a reversible polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell to adjust the volume of a small vehicle, and change its depth. Making use of the two processes helps restore some of the energy consumed by the system through the process of reverse electrolysis and also for building a fully-closed system, that is, one that does not require any water or gas flow to the surrounding. Modeling of the device is explained and a proportional-derivative (PD) controller is designed to control it at a certain depth using a single sensor measurement. Experiments validate the controller performance.
Comparison of Frequency Response of Parametric Resonance of DWCNT and SWCNT Under Electrostatic Actuation
Authors: Caruntu Dumitru I. , Juarez Ezequiel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper deals with electrostatically actuated Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (DWCNT) and Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNT) cantilever resonators. Frequency response of parametric resonance is investigated. Euler-Bernoulli cantilever beam model is used for both DWCNT and SWCNT. Electrostatic and viscous damping forces are applied on both types of resonators, DWCNT and SWCNT. In this investigation, soft AC voltage excitation is assumed. For the DWCNT, an intertube van der Waals force is present between the two concentric carbon nanotubes (CNTs), coupling their motion and acting as a nonlinear spring. The nonlinearities in the vibration are provided by the electrostatic (both SWCNT and DWCNT) and intertube van der Waals forces (DWCNT). The Method of Multiple Scales (MMS) is a perturbation method that provides uniformly valid approximations for weakly nonlinear systems. A Reduced-Order-Model (ROM) is developed and numerically solved using AUTO-07P (bifurcation and continuation software). Since large tip deflections are investigated in this paper, only coaxial vibration of the DWCNT is considered. Parametric resonance is investigated, as well as the influences of damping and voltage. Lastly, the effect of intertube van der Waals force on the bifurcation and stability of the DWCNT is reported.
Assembly Planning Using a Two-Arm System for Polygonal Furniture
Authors: Payne Seth T. , Garrison C. Fletcher , Markham Steven E. , Hermans Tucker , Leang Kam K. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper focuses on the assembly planning process for constructing polygonal furniture (such as cabinets, speakers, bookshelves, etc.) using robotic arms and manipulators. An algorithm is described that utilizes easily-implemented and generally-accepted motion planning algorithms to take advantage of the polygonal nature of the furniture, which reduces the complexity of the assembly planner. In particular, the algorithm disassembles a given CAD model in simulation to find a valid assembly order and disassembly path, then implements that assembly order with two robotic arms, using the disassembly path as the finishing path of the part into the assembly. Additionally, it finds a collision-free plan developed for each of the arms in the correct assembly order with the final result being the assembly of the model.