bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous intraluminal downsizing of systemic‐to‐pulmonary artery shunts: a novel application of the Diabolo stent technique—Case series and description of the technique
Authors: Maschietto Nicola , Baird Christopher , Porras Diego 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis article aims to describe the feasibility of a novel application of the Diabolo stent technique for percutaneous downsizing of systemic‐to‐pulmonary artery shunts in patients with pulmonary overcirculation.BackgroundPulmonary overcirculation can lead to systemic hypoperfusion, impaired systemic oxygen delivery, and hemodynamic instability especially in patients with single‐ventricle physiology. Different medical and surgical strategies to treat pulmonary overcirculation have been reported so far, but no percutaneous approach amenable to further adjustment over time has been described.MethodsRetrospective review of patients who underwent percutaneous intraluminal reduction of a systemic‐to‐pulmonary artery shunt with a covered stent in a Diabolo “hour‐glass” configuration.ResultsFrom July 2018 to February 4, 2019, consecutive patients underwent trans‐catheter downsizing of a systemic‐to‐pulmonary artery shunt. The median age was 3.3 years (range 0.7–5.7 years). All patients had symptomatic pulmonary overflow despite maximal medical therapy. All patients underwent successful implantation of a covered stent in a Diabolo “hour‐glass” configuration without any complications. Successful reduction in pulmonary overcirculation was noted in all patients with a decrease of mean pulmonary artery pressure from a median of 29 mmHg (range 25–32 mmHg) to a median of 21 mmHg (range 14–27 mmHg).ConclusionsPercutaneous intraluminal downsizing of systemic‐to‐pulmonary artery shunts with a covered stent in a Diabolo configuration is safe and feasible. With this technique, the pulmonary blood flow can be adjusted in a physiologic closed‐chest condition and further regulated over time.
Pros and Cons of Sacrificial Anode Electrolysis for the Preparation of Transition Metal Colloids: A Review
Authors: Izzi Margherita , Sportelli Maria Chiara , Ditaranto Nicoletta , Picca Rosaria Anna , Innocenti Massimo , Sabbatini Luigia , Cioffi Nicola 
Published: November 2019

AbstractElectrochemical synthesis of transition metal nanoparticles (NPs) and related oxides is highly appealing, as it affords nanomaterials with high purity and dimensional control by properly setting only few experimental parameters. The resurgence of electrochemical routes to NPs can be traced back to seminal works by the Reetz's group, about 25 years ago. Despite many advantages, this method has intrinsic limitations, mainly related to the use of organic solvents, which may limit real‐life applications of the as‐prepared NPs. Therefore, an important current issue in the electrosynthesis of these systems regards the preparation of aqueous and long‐lived colloids. In this Review, we provide an overview of the most promising electrosyntheses of colloidal nanomaterials; real‐life applications of electrochemically produced NPs will also be commented on.
Impact of the variant allele frequency of ASXL1, DNMT3A, JAK2, TET2, TP53, and NPM1 on the outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Sasaki Koji , Kanagal‐Shamanna Rashmi , Montalban‐Bravo Guillermo , Assi Rita , Jabbour Elias , Ravandi Farhad , Kadia Tapan , Pierce Sherry , Takahashi Koichi , Nogueras Gonzalez Graciela , Patel Keyur , Soltysiak Kelly A. , Cortes Jorge , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundThe impact of the allelic burden of ASXL1, DNMT3A, JAK2, TET2, and TP53 mutations on survival remains unclear in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML).MethodsThe authors assessed bone marrow aspirates from 421 patients with newly diagnosed AML using next‐generation sequencing for ASXL1, DNMT3A, JAK2, TET2, and TP53 mutations, defined as the presence of mutations in ASXL1, DNMT3A, JAK2, TET2, or TP53 with a minimum variant allele frequency (VAF) of 5%.ResultsA total of 71 patients (17%) had ASXL1 mutations, 104 patients (25%) had DNMT3A mutations, 16 patients (4%) had JAK2 mutations, 82 patients (20%) had TET2 mutations, and 86 patients (20%) had TP53 mutations. Among patients with each mutation, the median VAF of ASXL1 was 34.31% (range, 1.17%‐58.62%), the median VAF of DNMT3A was 41.76% (range, 1.02%‐91.66%), the median VAF of JAK2 was 46.70% (range, 10.4%‐71.7%), the median VAF of TET2 was 42.78% (range, 2.26%‐95.32%), and the median VAF of TP53 was 45.47% (range, 1.15%‐93.74%). The composite complete response rate was 60%, and was 77% in patients with AML with and without ASXL1, DNMT3A, JAK2, TET2, or TP53 mutations, respectively (P = .006); the median overall survival was 11 months and 27 months, respectively (P < .001). Multivariate analysis identified age; an antecedent history of dysplasia; white blood cell count; adverse cytogenetic risk; previous treatment with an FLT3 inhibitor; and the VAF of ASXL1, DNMT3A, JAK2, TET2, TP53, and NPM1 mutations by next‐generation sequencing as prognostic factors for overall survival.ConclusionsThe VAF of ASXL1, DNMT3A, JAK2, TET2, TP53, and NPM1 mutations is associated with worse prognosis in patients with newly diagnosed AML.
Cytohistologic correlation of basaloid salivary gland neoplasms: Can cytomorphologic classification be used to diagnose and grade these tumors?
Authors: Gargano Stacey M. , Sebastiano Christopher , Solomides Charalambos C. , Griffith Christopher C. , HooKim Kim 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundBasaloid salivary gland neoplasms (BSNs), which include benign primary tumors and primary or metastatic malignancies, show overlapping morphology in fine‐needle aspiration (FNA). The Milan system recommends assigning a grade (low or high) to malignant salivary neoplasms because of the impact on surgical planning. This study investigated cytomorphologic features of BSNs on FNA that would help to favor a high‐grade malignancy over a low‐grade malignancy or a benign tumor.MethodsTwo pathologists performed a double‐blinded cytologic evaluation of FNA cases diagnosed as BSNs that had corresponding surgical resections. The diagnosis made with the Milan system was correlated with the final surgical diagnosis and grade. Cytologic sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were calculated.ResultsThere were 132 BSN FNA cases; cytology slides were available for 77 of 87 patients who had undergone resection. The risk of malignancy for the benign neoplasm (BN), salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (SUMP), suspicious for malignancy (SFM), and malignant categories were 13.6%, 22%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity of the malignant/SFM category was 51.7%; another 37.9% of confirmed malignancies were diagnosed as SUMP. The specificity of the BN category was 86%. Favoring a high‐grade malignancy on FNA had 100% accuracy (5 of 5). Favoring a low‐grade malignancy on FNA had 75% accuracy (6 of 8). The most specific cytomorphologic clues for a high‐grade malignancy were necrotic/apoptotic debris, mitoses, discohesion, and anisonucleosis.ConclusionsBSNs encompass a broad spectrum of primary and metastatic tumors. Necrotic/apoptotic debris, mitotic activity, discohesion, and significant anisonucleosis, alone or especially in combination, should make a cytopathologist suspect a high‐grade malignancy.
Quantification of blood flow patterns in the cerebral arterial circulation of individual (human) subjects
Authors: Park Chang S. , Hartung Grant , Alaraj Ali , Du Xinjian , Charbel Fady T. , Linninger Andreas A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThere is a growing research interest in quantifying blood flow distribution for the entire cerebral circulation to sharpen diagnosis and improve treatment options for cerebrovascular disease of individual patients. We present a methodology to reconstruct subject‐specific cerebral blood flow patterns in accordance with physiological and fluid mechanical principles and optimally informed by in vivo neuroimage data of cerebrovascular anatomy and arterial blood flow rates. We propose an inverse problem to infer blood flow distribution across the visible portion of the arterial network that best matches subject‐specific anatomy and a given set of volumetric flow measurements. The optimization technique also mitigates the effect of uncertainties by reconciling incomplete flow data and by dissipating unavoidable acquisition errors associated with medical imaging data.
Patients' illness narratives—From being healthy to living with incurable cancer: Encounters with doctors through the disease trajectory
Authors: Kvåle Kirsti , Haugen Dagny Faksvåg , Synnes Oddgeir 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundNarrative medicine emphasizes how stories can increase the understanding of patients' experiences and give important insights into how patients interpret and strive to make meaning in the situation they find themselves in.AimThe aim of this study was to gain insight into the illness narratives of cancer patients, from the day they suspected that something was wrong until living with incurable cancer.Methods and resultsSix men and seven women, aged 47 to 79 years, diagnosed with metastatic cancer and undergoing chemotherapy with life‐prolonging intent in an oncology outpatient clinic, were asked to tell their illness stories as freely as possible, without guiding questions. Stories were tape recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by a thematic narrative analysis. Encounters with doctors through the disease trajectory were highlighted by all narrators. Several informants described poor communication and consequences in the form of “doctors delay” and substandard psychosocial care. Continuity in follow‐up and the physician's ability or inability to break bad news and adapt information to the patient's wishes and preferences were particularly emphasized.ConclusionA key finding was the importance of the doctor's role throughout the whole trajectory. A good doctor‐patient relationship was characterized by continuity of care in follow‐up, and trust acquired over time, based on the physician's thorough medical knowledge combined with sensitive communication and empathy.
Personalized content recommendation scheme based on trust in online social networks
Authors: Bok Kyoungsoo , Ko Geonsik , Lim Jongtae , Yoo Jaesoo 
Published: November 2019

SummaryAs various social network services have developed, users are creating and sharing a large amount of content. Concurrently, there have been many studies on recommendation schemes for providing users with content that matches their preferences. In this paper, we propose a trust‐based personalized content recommendation scheme using collaborative filtering in online social network services. The user trust is calculated by analyzing social activities, content usages, and social relationships. In addition, the content trust is calculated by analyzing user expertise and reputations. Collaborative filtering is performed on users who are filtered through the user trust, and recommendation priorities are determined according to the content trust. The proposed scheme can improve the performance of collaborative filtering by eliminating untrustworthy users using user trust. It also improves the accuracy of recommendations since it provides recommendations based on content trust. Therefore, the proposed scheme can improve the performance of recommendation services using collaborative filtering in online social network services that share multimedia content. Performance evaluation is performed in terms of MAE and RMSE, which assesses errors in recommended results to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme. Performance evaluations have shown that errors in the proposed scheme are reduced compared to the existing schemes, improving the accuracy of recommendations.
Approaches to Whole Mitochondrial Genome Sequencing on the Oxford Nanopore MinION
Authors: Zascavage Roxanne R. , Hall Courtney L. , Thorson Kelcie , Mahmoud Medhat , Sedlazeck Fritz J. , Planz John V. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTraditional approaches for interrogating the mitochondrial genome often involve laborious extraction and enrichment protocols followed by Sanger sequencing. Although preparation techniques are still demanding, the advent of next‐generation or massively parallel sequencing has made it possible to routinely obtain nucleotide‐level data with relative ease. These short‐read sequencing platforms offer deep coverage with unparalleled read accuracy in high‐complexity genomic regions but encounter numerous difficulties in the low‐complexity homopolymeric sequences characteristic of the mitochondrial genome. The inability to discern identical units within monomeric repeats and resolve copy‐number variations for heteroplasmy detection results in suboptimal genome assemblies that ultimately complicate downstream data analysis and interpretation of biological significance. Oxford Nanopore Technologies offers the ability to generate long‐read sequencing data on a pocket‐sized device known as the MinION. Nanopore‐based sequencing is scalable, portable, and theoretically capable of sequencing the entire mitochondrial genome in a single contig. Furthermore, the recent development of a nanopore protein with dual reader heads allows for clear identification of nucleotides within homopolymeric stretches, significantly increasing resolution throughout these regions. The unrestricted read lengths, superior homopolymeric resolution, and affordability of the MinION device make it an attractive alternative to the labor‐intensive, time‐consuming, and costly mainstay deep‐sequencing platforms. This article describes three approaches to extract, prepare, and sequence mitochondrial DNA on the Oxford Nanopore MinION device. Two of the workflows include enrichment of mitochondrial DNA prior to sequencing, whereas the other relies on direct sequencing of native genomic DNA to allow for simultaneous assessment of the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Basic Protocol: Enrichment‐free mitochondrial DNA sequencingAlternate Protocol 1: Mitochondrial DNA sequencing following enrichment with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)Alternate Protocol 2: Mitochondrial DNA sequencing following enrichment with PCR‐free hybridization captureSupport Protocol 1: DNA quantification and quality assessment using the Agilent 4200 TapeStation SystemSupport Protocol 2: AMPure XP bead clean‐upSupport Protocol 3: Suggested data analysis pipeline
Report on a novel emerging class of highly potent benzimidazole NPS opioids: Chemical and in vitro functional characterization of isotonitazene
Authors: Blanckaert Peter , Cannaert Annelies , Van Uytfanghe Katleen , Hulpia Fabian , Deconinck Eric , Van Calenbergh Serge , Stove Christophe 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper reports on the identification and full chemical characterization of isotonitazene (N,N‐diethyl‐2‐[5‐nitro‐2‐({4‐[(propan‐2‐yl)oxy]phenyl}methyl)‐1H‐benzimidazol‐1‐yl]ethan‐1‐amine), a potent NPS opioid and the first member of the benzimidazole class of compounds to be available on online markets. Interestingly, this compound was sold under the name etonitazene, a structural analog. Identification of isotonitazene was performed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and liquid chromatography time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LC‐QTOF‐MS), the latter identifying an exact‐mass m/z value of 411.2398. All chromatographic data indicated the presence of a single, highly pure compound. Confirmation of the specific benzimidazole regio‐isomer was performed using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, after which the chemical characterization was finalized by recording Fourier‐transform (FT‐IR) spectra. A live cell‐based reporter assay to assess the in vitro biological activity at the μ‐opioid receptor (MOR) revealed that isotonitazene has a high potency (EC50 of 11.1 nM) and efficacy (Emax 180% of that of hydromorphone), thus confirming that this substance is a strong opioid. Isotonitazene has not been previously detected, either in powder form, or in biological fluids. The high potency and efficacy of isotonitazene, combined with the fact that this compound was being sold undiluted, represents an imminent danger to anyone aiming to use this powder.
Parents know best: Caregiver perspectives on eating disorder recovery
Authors: Accurso Erin C. , Sim Leslie , Muhlheim Lauren , Lebow Jocelyn 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study used mixed methods to evaluate caregiver perspectives on recovery from an eating disorder.MethodCaregivers (N = 387) completed an online survey about their child's weight history, treatment history, illness trajectory, and recovery.ResultsChildren were predominantly females with adolescent onset anorexia nervosa and currently 18.4 years old on average. Qualitative analysis of caregivers' open‐ended definitions of recovery revealed seven distinct recovery domains, including (a) weight (45%); (b) body image, eating disorder cognitions, and related emotions (54%); (c) eating behavior (71%); (d) independence and responsibility in eating disorder management (28%); (e) physical health (21%); (f) psychological well‐being (31%); and (g) life worth living (27%). Most (72%) reported that their child had achieved partial or full recovery at some point in their lifetime. Only 20% reported that their child had ever achieved full recovery, but 93% of those had sustained recovery over time (i.e., no relapses since achieving recovery). Physical recovery occurred on average 2.7 years after eating disorder onset, followed shortly by social and emotional recovery (2.9 years), and finally behavioral (3.4 years) and cognitive (3.9 years) recovery, which occurred at weights 6–7 pounds higher than those at which physical recovery was achieved.DiscussionFindings suggest that caregivers hold a multifaceted view of recovery that includes not only weight restoration and symptom reduction, but also full engagement in social and occupational activities, establishment of a meaningful life, cognitive flexibility, and emotional well‐being. These data support clinical observations that physical and behavioral recovery precede cognitive recovery.
Importance and effectiveness of correction methods for spatial sampling bias in species with sex‐specific habitat preference
Authors: Glad Anouk , Monnet Jean‐Matthieu , Pagel Jörn , Reineking Björn 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimPresence records from surveys with spatially heterogeneous sampling intensity are a key challenge for species distribution models (SDMs). When sex groups differ in their habitat association, the correction of the spatial bias becomes important for preventing model predictions that are biased toward one sex. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effectiveness of existing correction methods for spatial sampling bias for SDMs when male and female have different habitat preferences.LocationJura massif, France.MethodsWe used a spatially sex‐segregated virtual species to understand the effect of three sampling designs (spatially biased, uniform random, and systematic), and two correction methods (targeted background points, and distance to trajectories) on estimated habitat preferences, sex ratios, and prediction accuracy. We then evaluated these effects for two empirical Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) presence‐only datasets from a systematic and a spatially biased sampling design.ResultsSampling design strongly affected parameter estimation accuracy for the virtual species: noncorrected spatially biased sampling resulted in biased estimates of habitat association and sex ratios. Both established methods of bias correction were successful in the case of virtual species, with the targeted correction methods showing stronger correction, as it more closely followed the simulated decay of detectability with distance from sampling locations. On the Capercaillie dataset, only the targeted background points method resulted in the same sex ratio estimate for the spatially biased sampling design as for the spatially unbiased sampling.Main conclusionsWe suggest that information on subgroups with distinct habitat associations should be included in SDMs analyses when possible. We conclude that current methods for correcting spatially biased sampling can improve estimates of both habitat association and subgroup ratios (e.g., sex and age), but that their efficiency depends on their ability to well represent the spatial observation bias.
Applying satellite‐derived evapotranspiration rates to estimate the impact of vegetation on regional groundwater flux
Authors: Swaffer Brooke A. , Habner Nardine L. , Holland Kate L. , Crosbie Russell S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFreshwater resources are at a premium across the world, including many water‐limited areas across Australia. Ongoing water level decline in some groundwater systems suggests that the rate of loss may have reached unsustainable levels . However, identifying which factors are primarily responsible for the trend (lack of rainfall–recharge, presence of vegetation, and groundwater pumping) remains challenging using groundwater observations alone. We applied satellite‐derived estimates of evapotranspiration (ETa), which, when combined with local rainfall data and field‐based groundwater level observations, established a regional water balance spanning 1,500 km2 and seven groundwater lenses over a 10‐year period (2000 – 2010). Assuming that the extent of the freshwater isohaline represents the recharge area for a lens, the water balance suggests that the median annual groundwater recharge rate varied between 226 ± 92 mm year−1 (Mikkira) and −162 ± 194 mm year−1 (Uley East). Uley South is the most regionally significant lens in the system and recorded a median annual recharge rate of 91 ± 182 mm year−1. Overlaying vegetation highlighted the impact of woodland areas on groundwater recharge, where the trees were accessing groundwater to support ETa, provided the water table was <10 m. Areas of grassland demonstrated the highest median groundwater recharge rates of 151 mm year−1, followed by cropping (133 mm year−1) and pasture (95 mm year−1). Exploring the resilience of the groundwater system to variations in extraction (pumping) and woodland coverage suggests that resource managers must consider both systematic losses in order to maintain groundwater equilibrium.