bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation and sustainability of a medication reconciliation toolkit: A mixed methods evaluation
Authors: Stolldorf Deonni P , Mixon Amanda S , Auerbach Andrew D , Aylor Amy R , Shabbir Hasan , Schnipper Jeff , Kripalani Sunil 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Purpose
MARQUIS (Multi-Center Medication Reconciliation Quality Improvement Study) provided participating hospitals with a toolkit to assist in developing robust medication reconciliation programs. Here we describe hospitals’ implementation of the MARQUIS toolkit, barriers and facilitators, and important factors that may enhance the spread and sustainability of the toolkit.

Methods
We used a mixed methods, quantitative-qualitative study design. We invited site leaders of the 5 hospitals that participated in MARQUIS to complete a Web-based survey and phone interview. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research guided question development. We analyzed the collected data using descriptive statistics (for survey responses) and thematic content analysis (for interview results).

Results
Site leaders from each MARQUIS hospital participated. They reported that MARQUIS toolkit implementation augmented their hospitals’ existing but limited medication reconciliation practices. Survey results indicated executive leadership support for toolkit implementation but limited institutional support for hiring staff (reported by 20% of respondents) and/or budgetary support for implementation (reported by 60% of respondents). Most participating hospitals (80%) shifted staff responsibilities to support medication reconciliation. Interview findings showed that inner setting (ie, organizational setting) and process factors (eg, designation of champions) both inhibited and facilitated implementation. Hospitals adopted a variety of toolkit interventions (eg, discharge medication counseling) using a range of implementation strategies, including development of educational tools and tip sheets for staff members and electronic health record templates.

Conclusion
Despite limited institutional support, hospitals can successfully implement, spread, and sustain the MARQUIS toolkit by shifting staff responsibilities, adding pharmacy staff, and using a variety of strategies to facilitate implementation. Although leadership support and resources for data collection and dissemination facilitated implementation, limited staff buy-in and competing priorities may hinder implementation.
SurvivalMeth: a web server to investigate the effect of DNA methylation-related functional elements on prognosis
Authors: Zhang Chunlong , Zhao Ning , Zhang Xue , Xiao Jun , Li Junyi , Lv Dezhong , Zhou Weiwei , Li Yongsheng , Xu Juan , Li Xia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAberrant DNA methylation is a fundamental characterization of epigenetics for carcinogenesis. Abnormality of DNA methylation-related functional elements (DMFEs) may lead to dysfunction of regulatory genes in the progression of cancers, contributing to prognosis of many cancers. There is an urgent need to construct a tool to comprehensively assess the impact of DMFEs on prognosis. Therefore, we developed SurvivalMeth (http://bio-bigdata.hrbmu.edu.cn/survivalmeth) to explore the prognosis-related DMFEs, which documented many kinds of DMFEs, including 309,465 CpG island-related elements, 104,748 transcript-related elements, 77,634 repeat elements, as well as cell-type specific 1,689,653 super enhancers (SE) and 1,304,902 CTCF binding regions for analysis. SurvivalMeth is a convenient tool which collected DNA methylation profiles of 36 cancers and allowed users to query their genes of interest in different datasets for prognosis. Furthermore, SurvivalMeth not only integrated different combinations, including single DMFE, multiple DMFEs, SEs and clinical data, to perform survival analysis on preupload data but also allowed for uploading customized DNA methylation profile of DMFEs from various diseases to analyze. SurvivalMeth provided a comprehensive resource and automated analysis for prognostic DMFEs, including DMFE methylation level, correlation analysis, clinical analysis, differential analysis, DMFE annotation, survival-related detailed result and visualization of survival analysis. In summary, we believe that SurvivalMeth will facilitate prognostic research of DMFEs in diverse cancers.
Nonsmooth backfitting for the excess risk additive regression model with two survival time scales
Authors: Hiabu M , Nielsen J P , Scheike T H 
Published: June 2020

Summary
We consider an extension of Aalen’s additive regression model that allows covariates to have effects that vary on two different time scales. The two time scales considered are equal up to a constant for each individual and vary across individuals, such as follow-up time and age in medical studies or calendar time and age in longitudinal studies. The model was introduced in Scheike (2001), where it was solved using smoothing techniques. We present a new backfitting algorithm for estimating the structured model without having to use smoothing. Estimators of the cumulative regression functions on the two time scales are suggested by solving local estimating equations jointly on the two time scales. We provide large-sample properties and simultaneous confidence bands. The model is applied to data on myocardial infarction, providing a separation of the two effects stemming from time since diagnosis and age.
Floral structure inThismia(Thismiaceae: Dioscoreales): new insights from anatomy, vasculature and development
Authors: Nuraliev Maxim S , Yudina Sophia V , Shepeleva Ekaterina A , Truong Ba Vuong , Do Thi Xuyen , Beer Anton S , Remizowa Margarita V 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThismia is characterized by an exceptionally complicated floral morphology that is currently not understood properly. In the taxonomic literature, descriptive rather than morphological terms are often applied to parts of the flower in Thismia, relating to the general appearance of the floral organs instead of their precise homologies. Precise understanding of the floral structure is complicated by the rarity of Thismia spp. and the paucity of appropriate material. Here we provide a comprehensive study of reproductive organs of three Thismia spp. (T. annamensis, T. javanica and T. mucronata) including the first investigation of inflorescence architecture and early floral development in Thismiaceae. We found a hitherto unknown diversity of the reproductive shoots in the genus, manifested in the number of floral prophylls (two or three, in contrast to a single prophyll in the vast majority of monocots) and in the branching plane resulting in two distinct inflorescence types, a drepanium and a bostryx. We report the non-acropetal sequence of initiation of floral whorls (with stamens being the last elements to initiate), never previously described in monocots, and the gynoecium composed of completely plicate carpels, also a rare feature for monocots. Floral vasculature is relatively uniform in Thismia, but significant interspecific differences are found in tepal innervation, including the number of tepal traces; some of these differences are not immediately related to the external tepal morphology. We argue that the annulus, which acts as a roof of the hypanthium, possesses an androecium nature and represents congenitally fused bases of stamen filaments. We describe the stamens as laminar structures, which are also shortly tubular in the distal part of the supraconnective with the adaxial tubular side forming a skirt-like appendage. Finally, the placentas, which are column-like when mature, are initially parietal, becoming secondarily similar to free-central placentas through schizogenous separation from the ovary wall.
Left heart matters in Ebstein’s anomaly: the importance of a closer follow up—a case report
Authors: Ordoñez Maria Victoria , Bedair Radwa , Curtis Stephanie L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Ebstein’s anomaly (EA) is mainly thought of as a right heart condition, however, congenital left-sided lesions can co-exist. Therefore, it is paramount to include the left side of the heart as part of a routine investigation in these patients. We present a 57-year-old symptomatic patient with EA and progressive tricuspid regurgitation (TR) associated with acquired left ventricular outflow obstruction (LVOTO).

Case summary
A 57-year-old women, known to have severe EA presented with shortness of breath and chest pain on exertion secondary to progression of the tricuspid valve regurgitation and right ventricle dilatation leading to a dynamic compression of the left outflow tract requiring surgical intervention.

Discussion
Left ventricular obstruction secondary to severe TR and dilation of the right ventricle can present and remain silent at rest but becoming significant on exertion. Therefore, we recommend that all patients with EA and significant TR undergo exercise echocardiography at regular intervals to specifically look for acquired dynamic LVOTO.
Understanding Sexual Violence during the Holocaust: A Reconsideration of Research and Sources
Authors: Mühlhäuser Regina 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This article revisits research on sexual violence during the Holocaust since the 1970s and asks why it was so difficult to get this subject on the agenda and why it continues to be a challenge to grasp what actually happened. Discussing the difficulties in distinguishing between fact and fiction and rereading the concept of ‘genocidal rape’, I propose that we need to undertake thick descriptions of different situations of sexual violence and, furthermore, to explore victims’ and perpetrators’ sexualities alongside one another.
Contour integrals of analytic functions given on a grid in the complex plane
Authors: Fornberg Bengt 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Ability to evaluate contour integrals is central to both the theory and the utilization of analytic functions. We present here a complex plane realization of the Euler–Maclaurin formula that includes weights also at some grid points adjacent to each end of a line segment (made up of equispaced grid points, along which we use the trapezoidal rule). For example, with a $5\times 5$ ‘correction stencil’ (with weights about two orders of magnitude smaller than those of the trapezoidal rule), the accuracy is increased from $2$nd to $26$th order.
Osteomyelitis Increases the Rate of Amputation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Lower Extremity Burns
Authors: Nizamani Rabia , Heisler Stephen , Chrisco Lori , Campbell Harold , Jones Samuel W , Williams Felicia N 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), amputation rates exceed 30% when lower extremity osteomyelitis is present. We sought to determine the rate of osteomyelitis and any subsequent amputation in our patients with DM and lower extremity burns. We performed a single-site, retrospective review at our burn center using the institutional burn center registry, linked to clinical and administrative data. Adults (≥18 years old) with DM admitted from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018 for isolated lower extremity burns were eligible for inclusion. We evaluated demographics, burn characteristics, comorbidities, presence of radiologically confirmed osteomyelitis, length of stay (LOS), inpatient hospitalization costs, and amputation rate at 3 months and 12 months after injury. We identified 103 patients with DM and isolated lower extremity burns. Of these, 88 patients did not have osteomyelitis, while 15 patients had radiologically confirmed osteomyelitis within 3 months of the burn injury. Compared to patients without osteomyelitis, patients with osteomyelitis had significantly increased LOS (average LOS 22.7 days vs 12.1 days, P = .0042), inpatient hospitalization costs (average $135,345 vs $62,237, P = .0008), amputation rate within 3 months (66.7% vs 5.70%, P &lt; .00001), and amputation rate within 12 months (66.7% vs 9.1%, P &lt; .0001). The two groups were otherwise similar in demographics, burn injury characteristics, access to healthcare, and preexisting comorbidities. Patients with DM and lower extremity burns incurred increased LOS, higher inpatient hospitalization costs, and increased amputation rates if radiologically confirmed osteomyelitis was present within 3 months of the burn injury.
Cystadenoma of the tongue: report of a case with long-term follow-up
Authors: Kogi Shintaro , Onodera Kei , Tsunoda Naoko , Kawai Tadashi , Miyamoto Ikuya , Takeda Yasunori , Yamada Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Cystadenoma is a rare benign salivary gland neoplasm characterized by a predominantly multicystic growth pattern. The parotid gland is involved in about 45–50% of cystadenoma cases, with the minor glands of the lip and buccal mucosa being the next most common sites. The tongue is rarely involved; only one congenital case is reported in the literature. Here, we report a 63-year-old man who was referred to our hospital for a nodule on the right edge of his tongue that developed into an elastic soft mass, 4 mm in diameter. It was clinically diagnosed as a benign tumour and removed under local anaesthesia. Microscopically, the lesion was composed of multiple cysts of various sizes and shapes, with or without papillary intraluminal short projections. It was diagnosed as cystadenoma. The postoperative course was uneventful, and we found no evidence of recurrence at the postoperative 14-year follow-up.
Basic Premise and Classification of Developing Countries
Authors: Cheng Thomas K 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This chapter argues that there is no one universal approach to competition law and that the design and enforcement of competition law needs to take into account the political, economic, and social circumstances of the country. Given the overwhelming obstacles to attaining economic growth and development, economic policies in a developing country must be tailored to maximize the prospect of growth and development. This means that competition law enforcement should aim to promote growth and meet development needs, even if this may lead to conflict with other objectives of competition law such as the protection of consumer welfare and the pursuit of economic efficiency. Moreover, the various classifications of developing countries suggest that there is significant diversity among them. Indeed, there are likely to be significant differences in terms of market conditions among developing countries. Thus, it is unlikely that there is a single approach to competition law enforcement suitable for all of them.
A Proposed Approach
Authors: Cheng Thomas K 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This chapter offers a coherent approach to competition law enforcement in developing countries. The promotion of economic growth and development should be the paramount objective of competition law enforcement in developing countries. However, ascribing the objective of the promotion of economic growth and development to competition law enforcement in developing countries does not require a detraction from a focus on promoting competition. In addition, competition law enforcement in developing countries must abide by the principle of causing no harm to the poor in society. If a developing country decides to pursue industrial policy, its competition authority may be asked to balance between competition and industrial policy objectives. Ultimately, competition law enforcement in developing countries must take into account the economic characteristics of developing countries as well as the enforcement capacity of developing country authorities.
Merger Control
Authors: Cheng Thomas K 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This chapter discusses how developing countries should approach merger review. One of the first issues that needs to be addressed is whether developing country authorities should devote resources to merger review at all. It has been argued that merger review is time-consuming and resource-intensive and should be left to more sophisticated and well-funded authorities. The time and resource intensity of merger review comes down to institutional design. It is thus concluded that an ex ante regime is preferable. A developing country authority can choose between mandatory and voluntary notifications and adjust its notification thresholds to strike a balance between maintaining sufficient scrutiny over problematic mergers and conserving enforcement resources. The chapter then considers various options available to developing country authorities. However, a number of other issues remain. The first is what is the appropriate welfare standard. It is argued that despite the highly controversial nature of the issue, the consumer welfare standard should be preferred. The second is how developing country authorities should analyze different types of merger: horizontal, vertical, and conglomerate. The answer to this question depends on the authority’s enforcement capacity.
Merger control
Horizontal mergers
Vertical effects
Vertical agreements
Conglomerate effects
Judicial remedies
The Intellectual Property–Competition Interface
Authors: Cheng Thomas K 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the interface between intellectual property and competition laws. The interface is the most complex between competition law on the one hand and patent law on the other hand. Developing countries only engage in what can be called laggard innovation, which includes acquisition of tacit knowledge, imitation, and process innovation. This may call for a reconsideration of the appropriate approach to the patent–competition interface in developing countries because laggard innovations, with the exception of process innovation, are not the subject of protection of the patent system. If laggard innovations are not the subject matter of protection of the patent system, the patent-competition rules should have little relevance for the quest for innovations in developing countries. In fact, one can argue that the patent system is an impediment to one of the main sources of laggard innovation, imitation, and that the patent-competition rules should be adjusted in a way to facilitate it if one were serious about adopting a pro-growth approach to competition law enforcement in developing countries. This implies that for developing countries that do not produce patentable innovations, there is no need to balance between patent and competition policies. There is in fact no conflict between these two policy objectives.
Intellectual property rights and
Market-sharing and customer allocation
Enforcement and procedure
Russian Arbitration Law and Practice
Authors: Oda Hiroshi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This book represents an analysis of Russian arbitration law from a foreign lawyer’s point of view. Russian arbitration law went through a major reform in 2015. The overall goal of the reform was to make Russia an attractive venue for arbitration with the expectation of soliciting foreign businesses to Russia and preventing ‘off-shorisation’ of Russian businesses. The book covers the reform process at the outset by studying various reform proposals, draft laws and discussion of arbitration experts. This is followed by a comprehensive analysis of the post-reform system of arbitration. After addressing issues such as arbitrability, arbitration clauses, arbitral procedure; the book looks into the way Russian courts apply arbitration law when Russian parties apply to the court for setting aside the awards and when foreign parties apply for recognition and enforcement of the awards. For this goal, court decisions have been extensively studied and reproduced in the book. The book is a critical analysis of the current system of arbitration in Russia which will provide practical guidance to lawyers involved in disputes with Russian parties, drawing on the author’s own practical insight and experience.
Improved Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation Obliteration With 3-Dimensional Rotational Digital Subtraction Angiography for Radiosurgical Planning: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Anderson Joshua L , Khattab Mohamed H , Sherry Alexander D , Luo Guozhen , Chitale Rohan V , Froehler Michael T , Fusco Matthew R , Cmelak Anthony J , Attia Albert 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is well-established. Radiographic advantages exist for 3-dimensional rotational digital subtraction angiography (3DRA) over 2-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (2D DSA) in delineating AVM nidus structure for SRS treatment planning. However, currently there is limited to no data directly comparing 2D DSA versus 3DRA in terms of patient outcomes.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate whether the use of 3DRA over 2D DSA in radiosurgical treatment planning for AVMs associates with improved clinical outcomes.

METHODS
All AVM patients treated with SRS at our institution between the years 2000 and 2018 were identified. Primary outcomes were obliteration rates and time to obliteration (TTO); secondary outcomes included rates of post-SRS hemorrhage, salvage therapy, and symptomatic radionecrosis. A minimum of 12 mo of follow-up imaging/angiogram post-SRS was required, or alternatively evidence of obliteration on angiogram prior to 12 mo post-SRS. Single predictor and multivariable Cox regression and logistic regression models were constructed to test for association between radiographic, clinical, and treatment factors with outcomes.

RESULTS
A total of 75 patients were included. Total 17 patients received 3DRA and 58 patients received 2D DSA, with a median follow-up of 3.29 yr. The 3DRA is significantly associated with improved TTO on single predictor (HR 2.87, 1.29-6.12; P = .0109) and multivariable analysis (HR 2.448, 1.076-5.750; P = .0330) and increased odds of achieving obliteration by 3 yr post-SRS on single predictor analysis (OR 6.044, 1.405-26.009; P = .0157).

CONCLUSION
The 3DRA over 2D DSA in SRS treatment planning for AVMs may result in improved TTO and 3-yr obliteration rates. Further investigation and prospective study are warranted.
Political Identity and Confidence in Science and Religion in the United States
Authors: O’Brien Timothy L , Noy Shiri 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This article investigates changes in public perceptions of science and religion in the United States between 1973 and 2018. We argue that the deepening ties between science and religion and opposing moral claims reconfigured the relationship between political identities and confidence in science and religion during this period. Our analysis of 30 waves of General Social Survey data finds that while Republicans once were more likely than Democrats to be more confident in science than religion, Democrats are now more likely to than Republicans. And, while Democrats used to be more likely than Republicans to be more confident in religion than science, this difference also reversed. These findings underscore the growing importance of political identities as predictors of confidence in science and religion and suggest that the politicization of science and religion fueled a perception that they provide not just alternative frameworks but opposing ones.