bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
infâncias, cidade e relações intergeracionais na vida cotidiana
Authors: Tavares Maria tereza Goudard 
Published: July 2020

This article derives from my participation in the II Congress of Childhood Studies: Politicizations and Aesthetics, held in September 2019, at UERJ/Maracanã. My speech entitled Childhoods, Culture and Intergenerational Relations in everyday life, was delivered in the conference “The ethnic-racial issue and the generational issue in childhood” having at its core extreme burning issues in Childhood Studies: both ethnic-racial and generational issues, arguing how these intersecting points (Collins, 2017) have effects on the daily life of Brazilian children, especially children from the popular classes who live in the outskirts of the big cities, such as the slums and urban borders of the state of Rio de Janeiro. In this pre-text, I chose to speak of this Other, named the child from the popular classes, the one who lives in the outskirts, in slums and popular areas. Those who, despite being infants deprived of speech, dare to speak among themselves and are spoken of by us, teachers and researchers of childhood. Considering our proposal of establishing conversation as a device for an encounter (Deleuze, 1998), I tried to speak of this Other, using my notes from the day of the conference, and the voices of authors with whom I dialogue in my studies, researches and daily work in different territories of the city (Tavares, 2019), understanding the contemporary city as a place of encounters, both good and bad. Above all, the city is a place of intergenerational meetings where the co-existence is possible.
An analysis of virtual fracture clinics in orthopaedic trauma in the UK during the coronavirus crisis
Authors: Rhind John-Henry , Ramhamadany Eamon , Collins Ruaraidh , Govilkar Siddharth , Dass Debashis , Hay Stuart 
Published: July 2020

Virtual fracture clinics (VFC) are advocated by new orthopaedic (British Orthopaedic Association) and National Health Service (NHS) guidelines in the United Kingdom. We discuss benefits and limitations, reviewing the literature, as well as recommendations on introducing a VFC service during the coronavirus pandemic and into the future. A narrative review identifying current literature on virtual fracture clinic outcomes when compared to traditional model fracture clinics in the UK. We identify nine relevant publications related to VFC. The Glasgow model, initiated in 2011, has become the benchmark. Clinical efficiency can be improved, reducing the number of emergency department (ED) referrals seen in VFC by 15–28% and face-to-face consultations by 65%. After review in the VFC, 33–60% of patients may be discharged. Some studies have shown no negative impact on the ED; the time to discharge was not increased. Patient satisfaction ranges from 91–97% using a VFC service, and there may be cost-saving benefits annually of £67,385 to £212,705. Non-attendance may be reduced by 75% and there are educational opportunities for trainees. However, evidence is limited; 28% of patients prefer face-to-face consultations and not all have access to internet or email (72%). We propose a pathway integrating the VFC model, whilst having senior orthopaedic decision makers available in the ED, during normal working hours, to cope with the pandemic. Beyond the pandemic, evidence suggests the Glasgow model is viable for day-to-day practice. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:442-448. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200041
Simultaneous measurement of the BOD concentration and temperature based on a tapered microfiber for water pollution monitoring
Authors: Wang Shuangshuang , Zu Lijiao , Miao Yinping , Fei Chengwei , Zhang Hongmin , Li Bin , Zhang Kailiang , Liu Fei 
Published: July 2020

An optical sensor that simultaneously measures the concentration of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and temperature in water based on a tapered microfiber is proposed for environmental monitoring. The sensor is characterized by a strong evanescent field, which is more sensitive to liquids with a low refractive index and a low transmission loss. The results show that as the BOD concentration increases, the interference spectrum shifts toward longer wavelengths, the spectral loss decreases, and the sensitivities of the BOD are 12.17 nm/mg/mL and

−

2.387

d
B

/

m
g

/

m
L

in the range of 0.25–1 mg/mL, which indicates the extent of the water pollution. The detection limit for the BOD concentration is as low as 0.0016 mg/mL. As the ambient temperature increases, the interference spectrum shifts toward shorter wavelengths, the spectral loss decreases, and the temperature sensitivities are

−

0.339

n
m

/

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C

and

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0.031

d
B

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C

in the range of 30°C–60°C. The matrix method can be used to achieve the simultaneous measurement of the BOD concentration and environmental temperature because the spectral interference peaks have different responses to these two parameters. The sensor can not only be used for detecting water pollution in rivers, drinking water, and groundwater but can also be utilized for other types of environmental monitoring. This sensor has great potential to act as a basic sensing unit in fiber-optic sensor networks for multiparameter measurements and intelligent monitoring.
Reconfigurable photonic binary phase-coded microwave signal generator with fundamental/subharmonic carrier frequency
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Wen Aijun , Tao Yu , Fan Yuting 
Published: July 2020

A reconfigurable photonic binary phase-coded microwave signal generator with fundamental/subharmonic carrier frequency is proposed and experimentally investigated based on a dual-electrode dual parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator (DE-DPMZM). The local oscillator (LO) signal and coding signal are intensity modulated and phase modulated, respectively, on the two arms of the DE-DPMZM. The bias voltage of the intensity modulator is set to the quadrature or maximum working points to produce fundamental or subharmonic frequency, respectively. By precisely adjusting the amplitude of the LO signal and the bias voltage of the parent modulator, the light carriers of both arms of the DE-DPMZM can be eliminated. After detection, binary phase-coded microwave signal with frequency equal to or twice the frequency of the LO signal can be generated. The proposed system has a simple structure, high reconfigurability, and good frequency tunability due to its avoidance of using optical filters. In the experiment, phase-coded microwave waveforms at 6 GHz and 11 GHz are generated by using 6 GHz and 11 GHz LO signals or 3 GHz and 5.5 GHz LO signals, respectively. Meanwhile, the performance is evaluated in terms of phase recovery accuracy and pulse compression capability. The experimental results show that the proposed generator has high peak-to-sidelobe ratio, which has practical significance for radar detection of weak targets.
Problematyka miejskich obszarów funkcjonalnych (metropolitalnych) w badaniach polskich geografów społeczno-ekonomicznych
Authors: Kaczmarek Tomasz , Szmytkowska Magdalena 
Published: July 2020

Od niemal dwudziestu lat w Polsce trwa intensywny polityczny i naukowy dyskurs metropolitalny, związany z problematyką rozwoju wielkomiejskimi struktur osadniczych i ich zarządzania. Kwestie te stały się także przedmiotem badań przedstawicieli geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej. Celem opracowania jest wykazanie dorobku polskich geografów na temat obszarów metropolitalnych (miejskich obszarów funkcjonalnych). Przyjęto dwie zasadnicze metody badawcze: przegląd prac geograficznych opublikowanych w latach 2000–2017 oraz ankietę na temat aktywności eksperckiej geografów działających w 11 głównych ośrodkach geograficznych w Polsce. Wykazano znaczący dorobek geografów, dotyczący zagadnień rozwoju miejskich obszarów funkcjonalnych i metropolitalnych. W podsumowaniu przedstawiono rekomendacje w zakresie dalszych badań metropolitalnych w polskiej geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej.
Współpraca w ramach Zintegrowanych Inwestycji Terytorialnych miast wojewódzkich w Polsce – perspektywa liderów lokalnych
Authors: Kuć-Czajkowska Katarzyna 
Published: July 2020

Artykuł oparto na wynikach autorskich badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych w 2018 r. wśród prezydentów, burmistrzów, wójtów, starostów współpracujących w ramach struktur Zintegrowanych Inwestycji Terytorialnych utworzonych dla miast wojewódzkich. Celem badania było m.in. poznanie opinii liderów lokalnych na temat czynników determinujących relacje w ramach każdego z 17 partnerstw ZIT. W artykule podjęto się odpowiedzi na pytania: jak oceniana jest i o czym świadczy przyjęta forma prawna ZIT, jakie czynniki determinują relacje między samorządowcami w ramach współpracy w ZIT, jak oceniana jest trwałość zawiązanych na potrzeby ZIT partnerstw, czy współpraca w miejskich obszarach funkcjonalnych ośrodków wojewódzkich będzie kontynuowana po zakończeniu unijnego dofinansowania?
Obszary integracji zarządzania publicznego w sferze usług edukacyjnych – doświadczenia Metropolii Poznań
Authors: Walaszek Marzena 
Published: July 2020

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie najważniejszych dziedzin współpracy metropolitalnej w sektorze edukacji. Scharakteryzowano zarówno istniejące, jak i potencjalne zakresy tej współpracy, dotyczące m.in.: wyrównywania szans edukacyjnych dzieci i młodzieży, dobrej dostępności przestrzennej do szkół, kryteriów naboru do szkół czy też określania oferty edukacyjnej oraz kierunków kształcenia w szkołach ponadpodstawowych. W opracowaniu przedstawiono wybrane wyniki badań z realizacji projektów zespołu badawczego Centrum Badań Metropolitalnych Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, które posłużyły autorce do określenia obszarów współpracy. Artykuł kończy się podsumowaniem oraz sformułowaniem rekomendacji dla organów prowadzących szkoły.
On vector bundles over reducible curves with a node
Authors: Favale Filippo F. , Brivio Sonia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Let C be a curve with two smooth components and a single node, and let 𝓤
C
(w, r, χ) be the moduli space of w-semistable classes of depth one sheaves on C having rank r on both components and Euler characteristic χ. In this paper, under suitable assumptions, we produce a projective bundle over the product of the moduli spaces of semistable vector bundles of rank r on each component and we show that it is birational to an irreducible component of 𝓤
C
(w, r, χ). Then we prove the rationality of the closed subset containing vector bundles with given fixed determinant.
Rethinking the Concept of Equity in Accounting: Origin and Attribution of Business Profit
Authors: Otaka Satoru 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper I reconsider the concept of equity in corporate accounting from the perspective of the origin and attribution of business profit. In both Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (FASB’s) and International Accounting Standards Board’s (IASB’s) Conceptual Frameworks, shareholders’ equity is synonymous with a firm’s net assets. However, it is not the sole definition of equity. We may regard equity as the interest in the corporate capital itself. From this viewpoint, shareholders’ equity consists of retained earnings attributable to shareholders’ as well as invested capital provided by them. We should note that, under the current corporate accounting system, shareholders are assumed to be the sole residual claimants. However, the existence of implicit contracts in corporate activities implies other residual claimants in addition to shareholders. If shareholders are not the sole residual claimants, it is necessary to revisit the proprietary theory under which equity is identical to shareholders’ equity. In this paper I reconsider the significance of the entity theory, which emphasizes an entity as an organization comprising various stakeholders and attributes business profit above shareholders’ expectations to an entity itself. The ownership interest cannot generate the excess profit by itself. Without firm-specific investments by employees and/or entrepreneurial activities by managers, the excess profit would never emerge. We should critically examine the foundation of the current corporate accounting in order to design a more equitable and efficient corporate accounting in which business profit is attributable not only to shareholders but also to other stakeholders who contribute to its generation.
Optimization of workflow and screening panels for the detection of malignant monoclonal gammopathies
Authors: Oliveros Conejero Raquel , Pascual Usandizaga Pilar , Garrido Chércoles Adolfo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Multiple myeloma (MM) is one of the hematologic malignancies with a greater delay in diagnosis. Laboratories receive numerous MM screening test requests without a specific suspicion, which entails a substantial workload and reduces the efficiency of laboratories. Objective: to increase the efficacy of MM screening protocols.

Methods
The results of serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP), serum protein immunofixation electrophoresis (SIFE), urine protein immunofixation electrophoresis, and serum free light chain assays of 75 patients with MM, three with amyloidosis, and a patient with solitary plasmocytoma were collected. The frequency of a set of biochemical alterations in these patients was compared with that in controls (n=120). A validation of the screening algorithm was carried out in 261 consecutive patients with a clinical or analytical suspicion of MM.

Results
SPEP+SFLC or SIFE+SFLC (98% sensitivity) were the screening algorithms with the highest sensitivity. Prospectively, the SPEP + SFLC detected 27 of the 28 confirmed cases of MG and saved 15 h of work. Alterations in five of the six parameters studied were more frequent in the study group, with a cumulative value of ≥3 parameters altered (61.1 vs. 1.7%) (positive predictive value: 85%; negative predictive value: 94%).

Conclusions
The SPEP+SFLC screening protocol demonstrated the highest sensitivity and was the least time-consuming protocol. In addition, this protocol improves diagnostic sensitivity and laboratory performance.
Utility-Consistent Valuation Schemes for the Own Risk and Solvency Assessment of Life Insurance Companies
Authors: Le Courtois Olivier , Majri Mohamed , Shen Li 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we construct new valuation schemes for the liabilities and economic capital of insurance companies. Specifically, we first build a ‘SAHARA’ valuation framework based on Symmetric Asymptotic Hyperbolic Absolute Risk Aversion utility functions. Then, we construct a ‘SAHARA-CPT’ framework that incorporates the previous utility function as a value function and that is based on Cumulative Prospect Theory. The process used for assessing a life insurance company’s own funds consists in replacing the market-consistent parametrization with a utility-consistent parametrization that accounts for the risk aversion of the market and the long-term duration of the company’s commitments. Our illustrations show that this approach leads to a lower value of the Own Risk and Solvency Assessment and to a lower volatility of own funds. The framework that is based on cumulative prospect theory has the advantage over the expected utility theory framework that it considers a precautionary overweighting of extreme events, as a tradeoff for additional model complexity.
Mass spectrometric sample identification with indicator compounds introduced via labeled sample tubes
Authors: Paal Michael , Habler Katharina , Vogeser Michael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe risk of sample confusion continues to be a challenge for the pre-analytical part of the overall testing process. We here describe a novel system to track samples based on a chemical code labeling of test tubes with unique combinations of indicator compounds, which are naturally not present in specimens of human origin. As part of the sample vessel filling, the liquid specimens are permanently labeled with the compound code that can be tracked back to the primary tube.MethodsAs a proof of concept we used 10 stable-isotope-labeled derivates of medical drugs as indicator substances to create a combinatory 10-digit binary number ID for individual test tubes, i.e. presence/absence of the respective compound. For this purpose, combinations of indicator compounds were provided in evaporated form in polypropylene tubes prior to filling with anonymized patient whole blood and corresponding plasmas subjected to liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry designed to detect the 10 indicator compounds.ResultsIn the blind analysis, we correctly identified 307 different whole blood samples by readout of a 10-digit binary number ID based on the detection of indicator compounds with respect to their presence and number.ConclusionsWe have demonstrated the feasibility of an internal labeling procedure for diagnostic samples with mass spectrometry-based readout of dissolved indicator compound combinations as a binary number ID. With an increasing number of coding compounds (≫10) a vast number of combinations for sample labeling can be realized beyond the proof of concept setting studied herein.
AutisMitr: Emotion Recognition Assistive Tool for Autistic Children
Authors: Singh Akansha , Dewan Surbhi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAssistive technology has proven to be one of the most significant inventions to aid people with Autism to improve the quality of their lives. In this study, a real-time emotion recognition system for autistic children has been developed. Emotion recognition is implemented by executing three stages: Face identification, Facial Feature extraction, and feature classification. The objective is to frame a system that includes all three stages of emotion recognition activity that executes expeditiously in real time. Thus, Affectiva SDK is implemented in the application. The propound system detects at most 7 facial emotions: anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, contempt, and surprise. The purpose for performing this study is to teach emotions to individuals suffering from autism, as they lack the ability to respond appropriately to others emotions. The proposed application was tested with a group of typical children aged 6–14 years, and positive outcomes were achieved.
Recurrent neonatal group B streptococcus cellulitis and adenitis syndrome with late-onset sepsis
Authors: Guri Alex , Scheier Eric , Balla Uri , Chigrinsky Mikhael , Shapiro Eli 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Group-B streptococcus (GBS) continues to be a significant cause of late-onset neonatal illness. Rarely does it present as cellulitis-adenitis syndrome, and rarely does the infection recur in the same infant after complete recovery.

Case presentation
Here we report a case of recurrent late-onset cellulitis-adenitis GBS syndrome in a term 12-day-old neonate. The infant presented with fever and cellulitis of the right neck. Full sepsis workup was normal and the infant recovered completely with antibiotics. Three days after the completion of antibiotics the patient returned to the emergency department due to fever, toxic appearance and rapidly spreading cellulitis, and adenitis on the left side of the neck. Blood culture revealed GBS. The patient was re-admitted to the hospital and successfully treated with a prolonged course of antibiotics.

Conclusions
This case highlights the importance of treating neonatal cellulitis with fever as bacteremia, and reminds us of the rare possibility of recurrent invasive GBS disease. Moreover, this case illustrates that GBS cellulitis-adenitis syndrome is possibly underdiagnosed in mild cases. Physicians should be aware that neonatal cellulitis can precede the appearance of severe sepsis. Neonates with fever and cellulitis without a clear external port of entry should undergo a complete sepsis workup and receive antibiotic treatment appropriate for bacteremia, even if the blood cultures are negative. Although the recurrence of GBS sepsis is rare, physicians should be aware of this possibility in order to treat the infection early.
The variability in how physicians think: a casebased diagnostic simulation exercise
Authors: Gupta Ashwin , Quinn Martha , Saint Sanjay , Lewis Richard , Fowler Karen E. , Winter Suzanne , Chopra Vineet 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Little is known about how physician diagnostic thinking unfolds over time when evaluating patients. We designed a case-based simulation to understand how physicians reason, create differential diagnoses, and employ strategies to achieve a correct diagnosis.

Methods
Between June 2017 and August 2018, hospital medicine physicians at two academic medical centers were presented a standardized case of a patient presenting with chest pain who was ultimately diagnosed with herpes zoster using an interview format. Case information was presented in predetermined aliquots where participants were then asked to think-aloud, describing their thoughts and differential diagnoses given the data available. At the conclusion of the interview, participants were asked questions about their diagnostic process. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and content analysis was conducted to identify key themes related to the diagnostic thinking process.

Results
Sixteen hospital medicine physicians (nine men, seven women) participated in interviews and four obtained the correct final diagnosis (one man, three women). Participants had an average of nine years of experience. Overall, substantial heterogeneity in both the differential diagnoses and clinical reasoning among participants was observed. Those achieving the correct diagnosis utilized systems-based or anatomic approaches when forming their initial differential diagnoses, rather than focusing on life-threatening diagnoses alone. Evidence of cognitive bias was common; those with the correct diagnosis more often applied debiasing strategies than those with the incorrect final diagnosis.

Conclusions
Heterogeneity in diagnostic evaluation appears to be common and may indicate faulty data processing. Structured approaches and debiasing strategies appear helpful in promoting diagnostic accuracy.
Operational measurement of diagnostic safety: state of the science
Authors: Singh Hardeep , Bradford Andrea , Goeschel Christine 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Reducing the incidence of diagnostic errors is increasingly a priority for government, professional, and philanthropic organizations. Several obstacles to measurement of diagnostic safety have hampered progress toward this goal. Although a coordinated national strategy to measure diagnostic safety remains an aspirational goal, recent research has yielded practical guidance for healthcare organizations to start using measurement to enhance diagnostic safety. This paper, concurrently published as an Issue Brief by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, issues a “call to action” for healthcare organizations to begin measurement efforts using data sources currently available to them. Our aims are to outline the state of the science and provide practical recommendations for organizations to start identifying and learning from diagnostic errors. Whether by strategically leveraging current resources or building additional capacity for data gathering, nearly all organizations can begin their journeys to measure and reduce preventable diagnostic harm.