bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic syndrome and the incidence of lung cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Qiao Li , Ma Deliang , Lv Hui , Shi Ding , Fei Min , Chen Yu , Xie Fei , Wang Zhuoyan , Wang Ying , Liang Wanhua , Hu Peiying 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been related to the pathogenesis of variety categories of cancers. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the association between MetS and the incidence of lung cancer.

Methods
Relevant cohort studies were identified by search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane’s Library databases. Cochrane’s Q test and I2 statistic were used to analyze the heterogeneity. Random-effect model which incorporates the potential heterogeneity was used for the meta-analysis.

Results
Five cohort studies with 188,970 participants were included. A total of 1,295 lung cancer cases occurred during follow-up. Meta-analyses showed that neither MetS defined by the revised NCEP-ATP III criteria (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84 to 1.05, p = 0.25; I2 = 0) nor the IDF criteria (HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.61 to 1.11, p = 0.20; I2 = 0) was associated with an affected risk of lung cancer. Subgroup analyses showed consistent results in women and in men, in studies performed in Asian and non-Asian countries, and in prospective and retrospective cohorts (p all > 0.05). Meta-analysis limited to studies with the adjustment of smoking status also showed similar results (HR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.80 to 1.05, p = 0.21; I2 = 0). No publication bias was detected based on the Egger regression test (p = 0.32).

Conclusions
Current evidence from cohort studies does not support that MetS is an independent risk factor for the incidence of lung cancer.
Moving from rhetoric to action: how Africa can use scientific evidence to halt the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Olu Olushayo Oluseun , Waya Joy Luba Lomole , Maleghemi Sylvester , Rumunu John , Ameh David , Wamala Joseph Francis 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The ongoing pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 has spread rapidly to all countries of the world. Africa is particularly predisposed to an escalation of the pandemic and its negative impact given its weak economy and health systems. In addition, inadequate access to the social determinants of health such as water and sanitation and socio-cultural attributes may constrain the implementation of critical preventive measures such as hand washing and social distancing on the continent.
Given these facts, the continent needs to focus on targeted and high impact prevention and control strategies and interventions which could break the chain of transmission quickly. We conclude that the available body of scientific evidence on the coronavirus disease 2019 holds the key to the development of such strategies and interventions.
Going forward, we recommend that the African research community should scale up research to provide scientific evidence for a better characterization of the epidemiology, transmission dynamics, prevention and control of the virus on the continent.
Mild hypoxia triggers transient blood–brain barrier disruption: a fundamental protective role for microglia
Authors: Halder Sebok K. , Milner Richard 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We recently demonstrated that when mice are exposed to chronic mild hypoxia (CMH, 8% O2), blood vessels in the spinal cord show transient vascular leak that is associated with clustering and activation of microglia around disrupted vessels. Importantly, microglial depletion profoundly increased hypoxia-induced vascular leak, implying that microglia play a critical role maintaining vascular integrity in the hypoxic spinal cord. The goal of the current study was to examine if microglia play a similar vasculo-protective function in the brain. Employing extravascular fibrinogen leak as an index of blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, we found that CMH provoked transient vascular leak in cerebral blood vessels that was associated with activation and aggregation of Mac-1-positive microglia around leaky vessels. Interestingly, CMH-induced vascular leak showed regional selectivity, being much more prevalent in the brainstem and olfactory bulb than the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. Pharmacological depletion of microglia with the colony stimulating factor-1 receptor inhibitor PLX5622, had no effect under normoxic conditions, but markedly increased hypoxia-induced cerebrovascular leak in all regions examined. As in the spinal cord, this was associated with endothelial induction of MECA-32, a marker of leaky CNS endothelium, and greater loss of endothelial tight junction proteins. Brain regions displaying the highest levels of hypoxic-induced vascular leak also showed the greatest levels of angiogenic remodeling, suggesting that transient BBB disruption may be an unwanted side-effect of hypoxic-induced angiogenic remodeling. As hypoxia is common to a multitude of human diseases including obstructive sleep apnea, lung disease, and age-related pulmonary, cardiac and cerebrovascular dysfunction, our findings have important translational implications. First, they point to a potential pathogenic role of chronic hypoxia in triggering BBB disruption and subsequent neurological dysfunction, and second, they demonstrate an important protective role for microglia in maintaining vascular integrity in the hypoxic brain.
The influence of commercial primed canvases in the manifestation of metal soaps protrusions in Georgia O’Keeffe’s oil paintings
Authors: Ortiz Miranda Annette S. , Kronkright Dale , Walton Marc 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
During a routine condition survey in 2007 at the Georgia O’Keeffe Museum in Santa Fe, micro-protrusions were found scattered across the surfaces of the artist’s oil paintings produced between 1920 and 1950. In many of her works, including Pedernal (1941) and A Man from the Desert (1941), lead soaps were found aggregated at the painting surface, forcing the surrounding paint to deform into pin-sized protrusions. The structure and composition of the protrusions was analyzed to determine why they formed. Microsamples were removed from four of O’Keeffe’s paintings and investigated using a combination of SEM–EDX, GC–MS, and FT-IR. The combined GC–MS and FT-IR results indicate that the protrusions contain primarily lead carboxylates. The results obtained for a series of ground samples removed from four different paintings were then compared with samples collected from a commercially pre-primed canvas roll found in the artist’s house in Ghost Ranch, NM. We identified two different types of canvases: i) a commercially pre-primed canvas and ii) artist primed canvas. This commercially pre-primed canvas roll has a similar morphology to the ground layers in her paintings that contain protrusions additionally these grounds were found to contain an excess of free fatty acids and metal carboxylates (lead soaps) based on a comparison to canvases the artist primed herself. Based on the analytical results from the four paintings and the commercial pre-primed canvas, we concluded that the artist’s use of this particular commercially pre-primed canvas between 1920 and 1950 play an important role in the observed micro-protrusions.
Seasonal dynamics in taxonomy and function within bacterial and viral metagenomic assemblages recovered from a freshwater agricultural pond
Authors: Chopyk Jessica , Nasko Daniel J. , Allard Sarah , Bui Anthony , Pop Mihai , Mongodin Emmanuel F. , Sapkota Amy R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundPonds are important freshwater habitats that support both human and environmental activities. However, relative to their larger counterparts (e.g. rivers, lakes), ponds are understudied, especially with regard to their microbial communities. Our study aimed to fill this knowledge gap by using culture-independent, high-throughput sequencing to assess the dynamics, taxonomy, and functionality of bacterial and viral communities in a freshwater agricultural pond.ResultsWater samples (n = 14) were collected from a Mid-Atlantic agricultural pond between June 2017 and May 2018 and filtered sequentially through 1 and 0.2 μm filter membranes. Total DNA was then extracted from each filter, pooled, and subjected to 16S rRNA gene and shotgun sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. Additionally, on eight occasions water filtrates were processed for viral metagenomes (viromes) using chemical concentration and then shotgun sequenced. A ubiquitous freshwater phylum,Proteobacteriawas abundant at all sampling dates throughout the year. However, environmental characteristics appeared to drive the structure of the community. For instance, the abundance ofCyanobacteria(e.g.Nostoc) increased with rising water temperatures, while a storm event appeared to trigger an increase in overall bacterial diversity, as well as the relative abundance ofBacteroidetes.This event was also associated with an increase in the number of antibiotic resistance genes. The viral fractions were dominated by dsDNA of the orderCaudovirales, namelySiphoviridaeandMyovirdae.ConclusionsOverall, this study provides one of the largest datasets on pond water microbial ecology to date, revealing seasonal trends in the microbial taxonomic composition and functional potential.
Trust assessment of power system states
Authors: Brand Michael , Babazadeh Davood , Krüger Carsten , Siemers Björn , Lehnhoff Sebastian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Modern power systems are cyber-physical systems with increasing relevance and influence of information and communication technology. This influence comprises all processes, functional, and non-functional aspects like functional correctness, safety, security, and reliability. An example of a process is the data acquisition process. Questions focused in this paper are, first, how one can trust in process data in a data acquisition process of a highly-complex cyber-physical power system. Second, how can the trust in process data be integrated into a state estimation to achieve estimated results in a way that it can reflect trustworthiness of that input?We present the concept of an anomaly-sensitive state estimation that tackles these questions. The concept is based on a multi-faceted trust model for power system network assessment. Furthermore, we provide a proof of concept by enriching measurements in the context of the IEEE 39-bus system with reasonable trust values. The proof of concept shows the benefits but also the limitations of the approach.
Flexibility quantification in households: a swiss case study
Authors: Sidqi Yousra , Ferrez Pierre , Gabioud Dominique , Roduit Pierre 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a thorough analysis of quantification of the heating appliances’ flexibility provided by 200 households located in the Sion area (Switzerland) is presented. An extended evaluation of the available flexibility throughout the year as well as a correlation analysis between the outside temperature and flexibility is performed. The influence of pooling households in the prediction process is assessed. The impact of cutting the power to heating appliances and the incurred rebound effect are also described.
Evaluating different machine learning techniques as surrogate for low voltage grids
Authors: Balduin Stephan , Westermann Tom , Puiutta Erika 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The transition of the power grid requires new technologies and methodologies, which can only be developed and tested in simulations. Especially larger simulation setups with many levels of detail can become quite slow. Therefore, the number of possible simulation evaluations decreases. One solution to overcome this issue is to use surrogate models, i. e., data-driven approximations of (sub)systems. In a recent work, we built a surrogate model for a low voltage grid using artificial neural networks, which achieved satisfying results. However, there were still open questions regarding the assumptions and simplifications made. In this paper, we present the results of our ongoing research, which answer some of these questions. We compare different machine learning algorithms as surrogate models and exchange the grid topology and size. In a set of experiments, we show that algorithms based on linear regression and artificial neural networks yield the best results independent of the grid topology. Furthermore, adding volatile energy generation and a variable phase angle does not decrease the quality of the surrogate models.
Flexibility management and provision of balancing services with battery-electric automated guided vehicles in the Hamburg container terminal Altenwerder
Authors: Holly Stefanie , Nieße Astrid , Tröschel Martin , Hammer Lasse , Franzius Christoph , Dmitriyev Viktor , Dorfner Johannes , Veith Eric MSP , Harnischmacher Christine , Greve Maike , Masuch Kristin , Kolbe Lutz , Wulff Boris , Kretz Julian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUnlocking and managing flexibility is an important contribution to the integration of renewable energy and an efficient and resilient operation of the power system. In this paper, we discuss how the potential of a fleet of battery-electric transportation vehicles can be used to provide frequency containment reserve. To this end, we first examine the use case in detail and then present the system designed to meet this challenge. We give an overview of the tasks and individual sub-components, consisting of (a) an artificial neural network to predict the availability of Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) day-ahead, (b) a heuristic approach to compute marketable flexibility, (c) a simulation to check the plausibility of flexibility schedules, (d) a multi-agent system to continuously monitor and control the AGVs and (e) the integration of fleet flexibility into a virtual power plant. We also present our approach to the economic analysis of this provision of a system-critical service in a logistical context characterised by high uncertainty and variability.
Parenting discipline styles and child psychopathology in a clinical sample of Egyptian children in the Nile Delta region
Authors: Seleem Mohammad A. , Amer Reham A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Few, if any, studies evaluated the effect of violent parenting discipline on children’s psychological well-being in the Nile Delta region. The current study aimed to explore the spectrum of violent versus non-violent parenting discipline styles practiced by a sample of Egyptian families who came for psychiatric advice in Tanta Psychiatry and Neurology Center and the effects of such styles on youth’s problem behavior and psychiatric diagnoses. Two hundred and seven families were recruited and interviewed using the Kiddie Schedule of affective disorders and schizophrenia-present and life-time version “K-SADS-PL.” Arabic translated and validated versions of the conflict tactics scale–parent child version (CTS-PC) and the child behavioral checklist questionnaire (CBCL) for ages 6–18 years were used to evaluate parenting discipline styles and child psychopathology, respectively.

Results
Youth (n = 207) had an average age of 10.8 ± 2.8 years and 30% were females. A significant association was noted between all forms of psychological and physical violence against children, in addition to neglectful parenting, and both internalizing and externalizing problems in offspring with no significant differences between mild and severe forms of violence. Parents who were sexually abused as children had more tendency to practice violent discipline strategies on their own children.

Conclusions
All forms of child maltreatment, even mild forms, have a considerable effect on the child psychological development. National policies and legalization should be implemented to decrease child maltreatment and protect children from all forms of physical and sexual abuse.
The benefits of endoscopic look after curettage adenoidectomy
Authors: Abdel-Aziz Mosaad , Nassar Ahmed , Nashed Refaat , Elsherbeeny Moatz , Sabry Omar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Conventional curettage adenoidectomy (CCA) has a risk of incomplete removal of all adenoid tissue, and digital nasopharyngeal palpation is not enough to assess adenoid removal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of trans-oral endoscopic look of the nasopharynx (ELN) after CCA.

Results
This prospective study included 1900 children with adenoid hypertrophy. CCA was used for treatment, followed by ELN. Bleeding points and/or adenoid tissue remnants were recorded and managed. One year postoperatively, nasal endoscopy was performed to detect adenoid regrowth. ELN showed bleeding points in 17 patients (0.9%) and residual adenoid tissue remnants in 855 patients (45%). Intraoperatively, the lesions were cauterized and ablated under visualization. However, adenoid regrowths were detected in 263 (42%) out of 627 children (33%) who were subjected to endoscopic examination after 1 year of adenoid removal.

Conclusions
Trans-oral endoscopic look of the nasopharynx after CCA is a beneficial method in detection of adenoid remnants and bleeding points. Also, it could decrease symptomatic adenoid regrowth postoperatively.
Dysgraphia: evaluating an Arabic training program for remediation of Egyptian dysgraphic children
Authors: Darweesh Mohamed E. , Elsady Safaa R. , Reifaie Nahla A. , Sidhom Rania M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Dysgrahia is a learning disability that affects writing; it requires a complex set of motor and information processing skills. Dysgraphia makes the act of writing difficult and leads to problems with spelling, poor handwriting, and putting thoughts on paper. People with dysgraphia can have trouble organizing letters, numbers, and words on a line or page. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate an Arabic training program for remediating Egyptian Arabic-speaking dysgraphic children.

Results
The Arabic training program through a quasi-experimental study (pre-post-test) showed significant results in remediating dysgraphia on twenty cases that had attended the phoniatric unit complaining of learning disability having dysgraphia with or without dyslexia.

Conclusion
The Arabic dysgraphia training program is an effective multisensory approach tool in the training of different types of dysgraphia.
Quincke’s disease: a case report
Authors: Kamath Rakshita R. , Rai S. Juthika 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Isolated angioneurotic edema of the uvula is termed Quincke’s disease. It is a rare clinical disorder of acute onset with few known causes. It may be encountered in any emergency setup and must be dealt with rapidly and with utmost vigilance for prevention of progression and complications.

Case presentation
A young adult, 3 months post Frey’s procedure for chronic pancreatitis, presented with acute onset throat discomfort and gagging progressive over 8 h. Examination showed isolated edematous hyperemic uvula with normal oropharyngeal structures and adequate airway. Prompt antihistaminic and corticosteroid therapy caused relief of symptoms over 2 h with no recurrences.

Conclusion
Any symptom suggesting orofacial edema must not be trivialized. Awareness about this rare but acute condition, even in the background of unknown etiology, in all medical personnel is essential. Early diagnosis with appropriate management can prevent life-threatening airway obstruction and hypoxemia.
Cellular and animal models for facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
Authors: DeSimone Alec M. , Cohen Justin , Lek Monkol , Lek Angela 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is one of the most common forms of muscular dystrophy and presents with weakness of the facial, scapular and humeral muscles, which frequently progresses to the lower limbs and truncal areas, causing profound disability. Myopathy results from epigenetic de-repression of the D4Z4 microsatellite repeat array on chromosome 4, which allows misexpression of the developmentally regulated DUX4 gene. DUX4 is toxic when misexpressed in skeletal muscle and disrupts several cellular pathways, including myogenic differentiation and fusion, which likely underpins pathology. DUX4 and the D4Z4 array are strongly conserved only in primates, making FSHD modeling in non-primate animals difficult. Additionally, its cytotoxicity and unusual mosaic expression pattern further complicate the generation of in vitro and in vivo models of FSHD. However, the pressing need to develop systems to test therapeutic approaches has led to the creation of multiple engineered FSHD models. Owing to the complex genetic, epigenetic and molecular factors underlying FSHD, it is difficult to engineer a system that accurately recapitulates every aspect of the human disease. Nevertheless, the past several years have seen the development of many new disease models, each with their own associated strengths that emphasize different aspects of the disease. Here, we review the wide range of FSHD models, including several in vitro cellular models, and an array of transgenic and xenograft in vivo models, with particular attention to newly developed systems and how they are being used to deepen our understanding of FSHD pathology and to test the efficacy of drug candidates.
One-dimensional reference-beam LDV for accurate altitude estimation in a land vehicle
Authors: Huang Rong , Wang Qi , Nie Xiaoming , Zhou Jian 
Published: October 2020

In order to provide accurate altitude information autonomously for land navigation, a self-developed one-dimensional reference-beam laser Doppler velocimeter (1D LDV) with light weight, small volume, and low cost is integrated with a strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS). The velocity sensed by the 1D LDV and the altitude output by the SINS are fused by the dead reckoning algorithm. Dynamic vehicle tests are carried out in an urban area with the altitude difference of 28 m and a mountainous area with the altitude difference of 1363 m. The horizontal positioning error and the altitude error are 10.8 m and 0.5 m in the urban area and 45.9 m and 3.6 m in the mountainous area. The experimental results illustrate that the developed SINS/1D LDV integrated navigation system is viable to provide highly accurate altitude as well as horizontal parameters in practical application.
Accuracy improvement of time-of-flight depth measurement by combination of a high-resolution color camera
Authors: Yu Pengfei , Yang Shourui , Chen Shengyong 
Published: October 2020

Time-of-flight (ToF) cameras can acquire the distance between the sensor and objects with high frame rates, offering bright prospects for ToF cameras in many applications. Low-resolution and depth errors limit the accuracy of ToF cameras, however. In this paper, we present a flexible accuracy improvement method for depth compensation and feature points position correction of ToF cameras. First, a distance-error model of each pixel in the depth image is established to model sinusoidal waves of ToF cameras and compensate for the measured depth data. Second, a more accurate feature point position is estimated with the aid of a high-resolution camera. Experiments evaluate the proposed method, and the result shows the root mean square error is reduced from 4.38 mm to 3.57 mm.