bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological, optical, and elemental analysis of dental enamel after debonding laminate veneer with Er,Cr:YSGG laser: A pilot study
Authors: Zanini Nathalia A. , Rabelo Thais F. , Zamataro Claudia B. , Caramel‐Juvino Amanda , Ana Patrícia A. , Zezell Denise M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLaminate veneer removal is becoming a routine procedure at the dental clinic and the use of laser can facilitate its removal. This work aimed to evaluate the morphological, elemental, and optical changes in the remaining enamel after veneer removal using Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Forty‐four enamel slabs were prepared and randomly distributed into nine experimental groups, for bonding using lithium disilicate laminates with three different luting agents (Variolink Veneer, RelyX U200, and RelyX Veneer). Then each agent was debonded using Er,Cr:YSGG laser (2.78 μm) using two different protocols:3.5 W, 48.14 J/cm2, 20 Hz non‐contact and 3.0 W, 48.14 J/cm2, 20 Hz non‐contact. The morphological, optical, and elemental analysis of enamel was performed before cementation and after laser debonding, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS). The level of statistical significance adopted was 5%. The EDS analysis of enamel after debonding revealed a significant increase in silane and carbon, as well as a decrease in calcium and phosphate contents. Analysis showed the presence of residual cement in most experimental groups but the morphological analysis showed alteration of the enamel's prisms only in the groups that used RelyX Veneer and Variolink Veneer cements. There was no evidence of deleterious morphological changes resulting from irradiation. However, an increase in the optical attenuation coefficient by the OCT was observed due to the presence of the remaining cement. It can be concluded that the Er,Cr:YSGG laser, in the mean powers used, is efficient for veneer removal without causing deleterious effects for the enamel.
Whole exome sequencing identified a novel missense alteration in CC2D2A causing Joubert syndrome 9 in a Pakhtun family
Authors: Khan Muhammad Ismail , Latif Muhammad , Saif Maria , Ahmad Hilal , Khan Atta Ullah , Naseer Muhammad Imran , Hussain Hafiz Muhammad Jafar , Jelani Musharraf 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundJoubert syndrome (JBTS) is a heterogenous disorder characterized by intellectual disability, developmental delays, molar tooth sign in brain imaging, hypotonia, ocular motor apraxia and overlapping features of ciliopathies. There are 36 clinical subtypes of JBTS, with an equal number of genes known so far for this phenotype.MethodsWhole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were performed for the molecular diagnosis of a Pakhtun family affected with Joubert syndrome type 9 (JBTS9).ResultsA novel homozygous missense variant (c.4417C>G; Pro1473Ala) in exon 34 was identified in coiled‐coil and C2 domains‐containing the protein 2A (CC2D2A; NM_001080522) gene. The variant co‐segregated in autosomal recessive fashion within the family and was not found in 200 ethnically matched unaffected individuals. In silico analyses supported the pathogenic effect of the altered CC2D2A protein.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of CC2D2A alteration co‐segragating with a JBTS9 phenotype in a Pakhtun family from Pakistan. Our findings broaden the pathogenic spectrum of JBTS9, adding a novel variant to CC2D2A variation pool. WES analysis is a successful molecular diagnostic tool for rare genetic disorders, especially in those populations where the marriage of cousins is more frequent. Efficient and accurate genetic testing and counselling of the affected families are helpful for patient management and for reducing the disease burden in future generations.
A concise route towards isoflavans
Authors: Basuli Suchand , Chinnabattigalla Sreenivasulu , Gupta Kshitija , Gedu Satyanarayana 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIsoflavans have gained considerable interest owing to their potential health benefits. Herein, we have presented a straightforward strategy for isoflavans synthesis. The strategy features an intermolecular [Cu]‐catalyzed arylation of malonates and an intramolecular [Pd]‐catalyzed Buchwald coupling of hydroxy tethered bromoarenes as the key transformations. This protocol enabled the synthesis of a variety of isoflavan analogs.
The implementation of MOSAIQ‐based image‐guided radiation therapy image matching within radiation therapy education
Authors: Chamunyonga Crispen , Rutledge Peta , Caldwell Peter J. , Burbery Julie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractImage‐guided radiation therapy (IGRT) technologies are routinely used by radiation therapists (RTs) in clinical departments. However, there is limited literature on the acquisition and assessment of IGRT image‐matching competencies in undergraduate educational environments. This commentary paper aims to share the authors’ experiences in the development of teaching IGRT and image‐matching concepts in an undergraduate radiation therapy programme. It outlines how MOSAIQ oncology information systems (OIS) have enabled the university to embed hands‐on IGRT image matching on a range of clinical cases. The hands‐on exposure to case‐based planar and volumetric kilovoltage (kV) image matching has resulted in improved teaching and better preparation of students for clinical IGRT encounters. Students are likely to benefit from critical image assessment and decision‐making as well as the improved engagement in teaching and learning.
Inhibitory effect of lignin from Canna edulis Ker residues on trypsin: kinetics and molecular docking studies
Authors: Xie Fan , Zhang Wei , Gong Shengxiang , Wang Zhengwu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDLignin extracted from Canna edulis Ker residues shows a strong inhibitory effect on α‐glucosidase and a promoting effect on α‐amylase. Protease activity inhibition may play a key role in disease processes, such as metastasis, tumor invasion and bacterial colonization. Hence, in the present study, the inhibitory mechanism of lignin on trypsin was examined, including the interaction type, thermodynamic parameters, structure, reaction site and molecular docking.RESULTSThe isolated lignin presented an inhibitory effect on trypsin activity with an IC50 value of 1.35 μmol L–1. This inhibition was a mixed linear type with a constant Ki of 3.92 μmol L–1. The lignin could bind with the key amino acid residue Ser195 on the active site of the trypsin molecule to inhibit its activity, and the phenolic hydroxyl group and ‐OH on the β‐O‐4 structure of the lignin molecule were the major groups bound with trypsin.CONCLUSIONThese results illustrate the inhibitory effects of Canna edulis residue lignin on protease, which helps with respect to understanding the possible application of lignin in the food industry in functional foods. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Application of visible/NIR spectroscopy for the estimation of soluble solids, dry matter and flesh firmness in stone fruits
Authors: Scalisi Alessio , O'Connell Mark Glenn 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDSoluble solids concentration (SSC), dry matter concentration (DMC) and flesh firmness (FF) are important fruit quality parameters in stone fruits. This study investigated the ability of a commercial visible/near‐infrared (NIR) spectrometer to determine SSC, DMC and FF in nectarine, peach, apricot and Japanese plum cultivars at harvest. The work was conducted in summer 2019/2020 on 14 stone fruit cultivars at Tatura, Australia. Two sub‐samples of 100 fruit each were collected before and after commercial maturity (± 5 days) in order to maximize sample variability.RESULTSPartial least square (PLS) regression models based on the second derivative of the absorbance in the 729–975 nm spectral region proved accurate for the prediction of SSC and DMC (R2CV > 0.750). Only the model generated for SSC in ‘Golden May’ apricot was less precise compared to other cultivars. No visible/NIR models were accurate enough to predict FF in the cultivars under study (R2CV < 0.750).CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that the visible/NIR spectrometer was a reliable tool to monitor SSC and DMC in stone fruits at harvest but proved less useful for FF estimation. These results highlight the potential of visible/NIR spectrometry to evaluate stone fruit quality both in situ pre‐harvest and in the laboratory after harvest. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) protein isolate on the heat‐induced gelation properties of pork myofibrillar protein
Authors: Li Junguang , Chen Yuhao , Dong Xiuping , Li Ke , Wang Yuntao , Wang Yu , Du Manting , Zhang Junjie , Bai Yanhong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDHeat‐induced composite gels were prepared with 30 mg mL−1 pork myofibrillar protein (MP) and chickpea protein isolate (CPI) (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 g kg−1) in 0.6 mol L−1 NaCl, at pH 7.0. The gel strength, water‐holding capacity, rheological properties, and microstructure of MP‐CPI composite gels were investigated.RESULTSChickpea protein isolate improved (P < 0.05) gel strength and water‐holding capacity of the MP composite gels. The rheological properties of MP‐CPI composite gels were improved significantly by the addition of CPI. Meanwhile, the effects of CPI on the storage modulus of composite gels were positively correlated with the increased addition of CPI. Furthermore, according to low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF‐NMR) results, the addition of CPI reduced the relaxation time of the composite gels and the relaxation peak area of free water, indicating that CPI could improve the water‐holding capacity of MP‐CPI composite gels. The microstructure of MP‐CPI composite gels presented smaller and more uniform pores, which means that more water could be retained.CONCLUSIONThe addition of chickpea protein isolate improved the gel strength, water‐holding capacity, rheological properties, and microstructure of MP gels, indicating that CPI could be a potential protein additive to improve the microstructure, texture, and functional quality of meat products. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Dietary taurine supplementation ameliorates muscle loss in chronic heat stressed broilers via suppressing the perk signaling and reversing endoplasmic reticulum‐stress‐induced apoptosis
Authors: Ma Bingbing , Zhang Lin , Li Jiaolong , Xing Tong , Jiang Yun , Gao Feng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDHeat stress seriously affects animal health and induces enormous financial losses in poultry production. Exploring the appropriate means for ameliorating unfavorable effects caused by heat stress is essential. We investigated whether taurine supplementation could attenuate breast muscle loss in chronic heat‐stressed broilers, as well as its mechanism. We designed three groups: a normal control group (22 °C), a heat stress group (32 °C) and a taurine treatment group (32 °C, basal diet + 5 g·kg−1 taurine).RESULTSWe found that taurine significantly moderated the decreases of breast muscle mass and yield, as well as the increases of serum aspartate aminotransferase activity and serum urine acid level in chronic heat‐stressed broilers. Additionally, supplementary taurine significantly alleviated elevations of the cytoplasm Ca2+ concentration, protein expressions of GRP78 and p‐PERK, mRNA expressions of Ca2+ channels (RyR1, IP3R3) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress factors (GRP78, GRP94, PERK, EIF2α, ATF4, IRE1, XBP1, ATF6 and CHOP), apoptosis (Caspase‐3 and TUNEL), protein catabolism, and the reduction of taurine transporter (TauT) mRNA expression in the breast muscle induced by chronic heat stress.CONCLUSIONSupplementary taurine could attenuate chronic heat stress‐induced breast muscle loss via reversing ER stress‐induced apoptosis and suppressing protein catabolism. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Potential probiotic and food protection role of wild yeasts isolated from pistachio fruits (Pistacia vera)
Authors: Fernández‐Pacheco Pilar , García‐Béjar Beatriz , Jiménez‐del Castillo Marina , Carreño‐Domínguez Javier , Briones Pérez Ana , Arévalo‐Villena María 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe biotechnological potential of yeasts from nuts such as pistachio, not only for health applications but also for industry use, has been scarcely studied. Interest in the probiotic capability of yeasts has increased in the past years as well as their utilization as food or feed preservatives. Their capabilities as biocontrol against problematic (spoilage or toxigenic) microorganisms or as antioxidants have been revalued. As a result, both abilities would be desirable to develop a new potential probiotic microorganism which could be added to food or feed to improve their properties.RESULTSMolecular techniques allowed the identification of a total of seven different species and 15 strains. A screening of the probiotic potential of these strains was carried out. It was found that 65% of the strains resisted the gastrointestinal conditions as well as presented a generation time of < 22 h. Additionally, some strains showed better kinetic parameters thanSaccharomyces boulardii(positive control). Complementary tests were done to determine their auto‐aggregation capacity, cell surface hydrophobicity, behaviour in a sequential simulated digestion, biofilm formation capability and carbon source assimilation. Finally, 67% and 13% of the studied yeasts showed biocontrol and antioxidant activities, respectively.CONCLUSIONSDiutina rugosa14 followed byDiutina rugosa8 were the best wild yeast fromPistacia veraas potential probiotic and in carbon source utilization. However,Hanseniaspora guilliermondii6 andAureobasidium proteae5 could be used to improve food or feed product preservation because of their notable biocontrol and antioxidant capabilities. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Decomposition of 2,6‐diamino‐3,5‐dinitropyrazine‐1‐oxide (LLM‐105): From thermodynamics to kinetics
Authors: Hou Qifeng , Niu Shiyao , Huang Can , Wu Xiaoqing , Qu Wengang , Zhang Feng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe mechanism of initial decomposition of energetic compound is crucial to understand the heat release efficiency, impact sensitivity, toxic emission, and so on. In the present study, we progressively explored the thermodynamic and kinetic features of the decomposition of LLM‐105, or 2,6‐diamino‐3,5‐dinitropyrazine‐1‐oxide, a kind of nitro compound in energetic materials using theoretical calculations. The bond dissociation energies (BDEs), bond orders, and the decomposition pathways were investigated by high‐level quantum chemical calculations, and the temperature‐ and pressure‐dependent rate coefficients were computed by Rice‐Ramsperger‐Kassel‐Marcus (RRKM)/master equation simulations. Although thermodynamic properties, for example, BDEs and bond orders, provide preliminary estimates on a possible decomposition mechanism including trigger bonds with relatively low computational costs, kinetic studies are necessary to determine all reaction pathways and competition relationships among various pathways. The potential energy surface at the theoretical level of DLPNO‐CCSD(T)/CBS//M06‐2X‐D3/6‐311++G(d,p) reveals the complicated decomposition mechanism including the bottlenecks of all channels. The computed rate coefficients showthat the reaction channels yielding NO2 will dominate the initial decomposition at high temperature (>1000 K), while the NO elimination channels play a controlling role at low temperature (<800 K).
Temporal heterogeneity has no effect on the direction of succession in abandoned croplands in a semiarid area of northwest China
Authors: Hu An , Chang Sheng‐Hua , Chen Xian‐Jiang , Hou Fu‐Jiang , Nan Zhi‐Biao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSpace for time substitution has been widely used in the study of succession in abandoned croplands worldwide but it is often accompanied by time heterogeneity. However, the effect of temporal heterogeneity on succession dynamics over decades is not well understood. Here, we studied croplands with the same history that were abandoned in 1998, 1999, and 2000 in northwest China (temporal heterogeneity) and continuously monitored for vegetation characteristics for 10 years. Aboveground biomass, taxonomic, and functional diversity were compared in the three cropland groups over time. Our results showed that the direction of succession in the three cropland groups was similar, from a community with single dominant species with higher aboveground biomass to a community with multiple dominant species with lower aboveground biomass. Taxonomic and functional diversity increased rapidly in the first 5–6 years, followed by slow increase, decrease, or stabilization. In years 1–5, aboveground biomass, taxonomic, and functional diversity were affected by rainfall, time of abandonment, time since abandonment, or their interactions. However, in years 6–10, biomass was only affected by rainfall, and functional evenness was affected by rainfall and time since abandonment; there was no time of abandonment effect. We conclude that temporal heterogeneity can initially affect the succession process but has no effect on the direction of community succession in the longer term. Our findings provide evidence for using space for time substitution with temporal heterogeneity to study succession in abandoned croplands in semiarid areas.
Soil phosphorus dynamics along a short‐term ecological restoration trajectory of a coastal sandplain forest in New Zealand
Authors: Zhong Hongtao , Smith Carol , Robinson Brett , Kim Young‐Nam , Dickinson Nicholas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe aim to understand the impact of ecological restoration on soil biogeochemistry, and the interrelationship between vegetation and soil phosphorus. In a study of two different‐aged soils in coastal New Zealand, soils are described along a transition from abandoned agricultural pasture, through 6‐year old restoration plots, towards forest fragments that have been largely undisturbed for 75 and 166 years. Soil biogeochemistry varied spatially along this restoration trajectory; there were profound changes in surface soil, but little impact on deeper soil horizons. In the early stages, soil organic matter accumulation and decomposition, and increasing demand of N from fast‐growing plants corresponded with rapid nutrient mineralization. Loss of soil total P, an increase of occluded P, and the increasing importance of soil organic P as soils weathered and aged, supported conceptual models of longer‐term soil pedogenesis. There was no evidence that the success of the establishment of plants varied across the site, but this is a first report of vegetation establishment during ecological restoration markedly impacting soil P dynamics and biogeochemistry.
Detection and classification capabilities of two multibeam sonars
Authors: Cotter Emma , Polagye Brian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMultibeam sonars can be used to detect and classify marine fauna under conditions when optical sensors are ineffective. In this work, we compare the detection and classification capabilities of two multibeam sonars with different operating frequencies, the Tritech Gemini 720is (720 kHz) and the Teledyne BlueView M900‐2250 (2250 kHz). The two sonars were deployed with overlapping swaths in a narrow tidal channel with peak currents of approximately 2 m/s where seals, schools of fish, and diving birds were intermittently present. In comparing data concurrently acquired by both sonars, we observe differences in the appearance of detected targets and detection capabilities. The detected target tracks are classified using a random forest model as either individual biological targets (flora and fauna, including fish, diving birds, seals, and plant matter), fish schools, or nonbiological targets (including entrained air and sonar artifacts). Despite the observed differences in detection capabilities for the two sonars, automatic classification distinguishes between target classes with precision and recall above 0.7 and 0.9, respectively. These results suggest that while similar methodologies can be used for data analysis, some outcomes from environmental studies using multibeam sonars may be instrument‐specific.
Alcohol Consumption the Day of Liver Transplantation for Alcohol‐Associated Liver Disease Does Not Affect Long‐Term Survival: A Case‐Control Study
Authors: Ursic‐Bedoya José , Dumortier Jérôme , Altwegg Romain , Belkacemi Mohamed , Vanlemmens Claire , Dharancy Sébastien , Besch Camille , Shili‐Masmoudi Sarah , Francoz Claire , Boillot Olivier , Meszaros Magdalena , Meunier Lucy , Faure Stéphanie , Herrero Astrid , Donnadieu‐Rigole Hélène , Pageaux Georges‐Philippe 
Published: September 2020

Alcohol abstinence before liver transplantation (LT) for alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD) is required for every candidate. Some listed patients might relapse, resulting in LT for patients nonabstinent during the pretransplant period. Long‐term survival outcomes of these patients have never been studied. We sought to determine whether alcohol consumption on the day of the LT influenced long‐term survival after LT. We conducted a retrospective case‐control study among French LT centers. Cases were defined as recipients between January 1995 and December 2007 having positive blood and/or urine alcohol levels the day of LT. Each case was paired with 2 controls corresponding to patients transplanted for ALD during the same trimester. Patients were classified into 3 categories per alcohol consumption: abstainers, occasional or transitory excessive consumers, or patients with a sustained excessive consumption (daily consumption >20‐30 g/day). During the study period, 3052 LTs for ALD were conducted in France. We identified 42 cases paired with 84 controls. Median blood alcohol level was 0.4 g/L (range 0.1‐4.1 g/L) and median urine alcohol level was 0.2 g/L (range 0.1‐2.0 g/L). Median follow‐up period until death or censoring was 12.9 years (CI95% = [12.3; 13.6]). Long‐term survival was not different between the groups. Relapse to any alcohol consumption rate was higher in the case group (59.5%) than in the control group (38.1%, odds ratio 2.44; CI95% = [1.13; 5.27]), but sustained excessive consumption was not significantly different between the groups (33.3% versus 29.8% in case and control groups respectively, χ
2 = 0.68). Rates of recurrent cirrhosis and cirrhosis‐related deaths were more frequent in the case group. Liver transplantation for nonabstinent patients during the immediate pretransplant period does not result in impaired long‐term survival despite higher relapse and recurrent cirrhosis rates.
A note on the finitization of Abelian and Tauberian theorems
Authors: Powell Thomas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe present finitary formulations of two well known results concerning infinite series, namely Abel's theorem, which establishes that if a series converges to some limit then its Abel sum converges to the same limit, and Tauber's theorem, which presents a simple condition under which the converse holds. Our approach is inspired by proof theory, and in particular Gödel's functional interpretation, which we use to establish quantitative versions of both of these results.