bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of superficial vascular anomalies with topical sirolimus: A multicenter case series
Authors: Dodds Melissa , Tollefson Megha , Castelo‐Soccio Leslie , Garzon Maria C. , Hogeling Marcia , Hook Kristen , Boull Christina , Maguiness Sheilagh 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundSystemic sirolimus (rapamycin) has recently been found effective in treating complex vascular anomalies by reducing the size and associated complications. Many vascular anomalies have a cutaneous component, and thus, we sought to determine whether topical administration of sirolimus may be an effective therapy, as data on the use of topical sirolimus are limited.ObjectiveWe reviewed the efficacy and tolerability of topical formulations of sirolimus in the treatment of various simple and combined vascular malformations and tumors.MethodsEighteen patients with any vascular anomaly treated exclusively with topical sirolimus were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsEleven patients had combined venous lymphatic malformations, three had tufted angiomas, two had a lymphatic malformation, one had a venous malformation, and one had a verrucous venous malformation. All (100%) patients reported some degree of improvement and 50% of patients reported marked improvement in one or more symptoms, most commonly blebs and lymphatic drainage, and bleeding.LimitationsThe retrospective nature, small number of patients, and differences in topical preparations limit the broad application of the results.ConclusionTopical sirolimus appears to be a safe and useful non‐invasive therapy that is well‐tolerated in the treatment of the cutaneous portion of a variety of vascular anomalies.
Laboratory changes during adrenocorticotropic hormone therapy associated with renal calcified lesions
Authors: Miyahara Hiroyuki , Akiyama Tomoyuki , Hasegawa Kosei , Akiyama Mari , Oka Makio , Kobayashi Katsuhiro , Tsukahara Hirokazu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundRenal calcified lesions are known as one of the complications during adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) therapy for intractable epilepsy. However, laboratory changes during the therapy or laboratory features of high‐risk cases with renal calcified lesions are yet to be clarified.MethodsIn this study, 43 patients with West syndrome aged ≤2 years were included. We retrospectively reviewed age and body mass index at the beginning of ACTH therapy, as well as the amount of fluid intake, daily urinary volume, and laboratory data during therapy. In addition, we studied the urinary sediment of the cases with renal calcified lesions diagnosed by computed tomography.ResultsAfter initiating ACTH treatment, urinary calcium (Ca)/creatinine ratio and urinary pH increased within 2 weeks. Urinary crystals and renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) in urinary sediment were frequently found in most cases. Urinary Ca levels, proteinuria or frequency of urinary crystals, and number of RTECs in the urinary sediment were significantly higher in patients with epithelial casts (ECs) or hematuria than in patients without these findings. Among the seven patients who underwent abdominal CT, ECs or hematuria were found only in those with renal calcified lesions. These findings suggested that patients with ECs or hematuria were more likely to have calcified lesions.ConclusionsThe risk of renal calcified lesions increased after 2 weeks of ACTH treatment. Abnormal findings in urinary sediments might be an early sign of renal calcification during ACTH therapy.
Factors associated with professional confidence in Japanese public health nurses: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Ogawa Tomoko , Nakatani Hisae 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo clarify factors associated with professional confidence in Japanese public health nurses (PHNs) and to examine the relationship between professional confidence and professional competency.DesignA cross‐sectional study.SamplePublic health nurses (N = 1,512) working in local government agencies.MeasurementsAn anonymous, self‐administered questionnaire with questions on demographic characteristics (sex, age, experience as a PHN, educational background, affiliation, and position) and 34 items on professional confidence developed by the researchers based on a literature review was administered. Factors associated with the professional confidence were extracted through an exploratory factor analysis, and construct validity of the confidence was verified through a confirmatory factor analysis.ResultsIn total, 883 responses (response rate, 58.4%) were received; only 467 (30.9%) of them were valid. On the basis of the exploratory factor analysis results, professional confidence included 17 items, with the following four factors: “technical practice,” “effortful learning,” “exploring the evidence,” and “educators in workplace.” The goodness‐of‐fit model in the confirmatory factor analysis proved the construct validity of professional confidence.ConclusionsProfessional confidence was gained by self‐improvement that reflects on public health practice. Professional confidence underpinned the generalist level of professional competency among PHNs.
Evaluation of frailty and its impact on geriatric assessment
Authors: Maştaleru Alexandra , Ilie Adina Carmen , Stefaniu Ramona , Leon‐Constantin Maria‐Magdalena , Sandu Ioana Alexandra , Pislaru Anca Iuliana , Abdulan Irina Mihaela , Alexa Ioana Dana 
Published: January 2020

AimFrailty has become an increasingly important topic, being directly correlated with ageing, presence of comorbidities, and also with other factors. It is a state of high vulnerability and is a consequence of ageing‐related decline in whole body functioning. In order to initiate preventive and therapeutic measures, we need to identify the characteristics of current frail older adults. To identify the characteristics of frailty depending on age, area of residence and to assess the relationship between frailty and disability, cognitive impairment, malnutrition, depression and comorbidities.MethodsIncluded in the study were 663 consecutively admitted patients over the age of 65. Frailty was evaluated using the Fried criteria and a comprehensive geriatric assessment. The mean age of the subjects enrolled in this study was 76.58 ± 6.5 years, most of the patients residing in rural areas (62.4%).ResultsA diagnosis of frailty was made in 73% of the study patients. The presence of frailty was found to be negatively correlated, statistically significant with cognitive function assessed by Mini‐Mental State Examination (P = 0.039, r = −0.094) and malnutrition assessed by Mini Nutritional Assessment (P = 0.001, r = −0.151). Also, the presence of frailty was positively correlated, statistically significant with depression evaluated by Geriatric Depression Scale (P = 0.046, r = 0.093).ConclusionsFrailty is a common condition in the surveyed elderly population. It is associated with the presence of other geriatric syndromes such as malnutrition, cognitive impairment, depression, and is influenced by age.
Genome‐wide identification of runs of homozygosity islands in the Gyr breed (Bos indicus)
Authors: Toro Ospina Alejandra Maria , da Silva Faria Ricardo António , Vercesi Filho Anibal Eugenio , Cyrillo Joslaine Noely dos Santos Goncalves , Zerlotti Mercadante Maria Eugenia , Curi Rogerio Abdallah , II de Vasconcelos Silva Josineudson Augusto 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRuns of homozygosity (ROH) are contiguous homozygous regions of the genome. These regions can be used to identify genes associated with traits of economic interest, as well as inbreeding levels. The aim of the present study was to analyse the length and distribution of ROH islands in Gyr cattle and to identify genes within these regions. A population of 173 animals selected for beef production and a population of 291 animals selected for dairy production were used. Differences in the number of short ROH (ROH1‐2 Mb) were observed between the two populations, while the number of long ROH (ROH>16 Mb) was similar. ROH islands with the highest incidences (>0.50) overlapped in several segments of the genome in the two populations. The genes identified were associated with milk production, growth, reproduction, immune response and resistance traits. Our results contribute to the understanding of how selection can shape the distribution of ROH and ROH islands within the same breed when animals are selected for different purposes such as dairy or beef production.
Policies to promote timely referral for kidney transplantation
Authors: Patzer Rachel E. , Pastan Stephen O. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere are numerous patient, provider, and health system barriers to accessing kidney transplantation. Patient barriers such as sociocultural and clinical characteristics and provider factors such as provider knowledge and awareness of transplantation play important roles in facilitating transplant. Health system factors like misaligned incentives and quality metrics for dialysis facilities and transplant centers also influence transplant access. While numerous studies have documented the impact of these barriers on wait‐listing and transplant, few studies have examined referral from a dialysis facility to a transplant center and start of the transplant evaluation process. While the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) require that dialysis facilities educate patients about transplant, there are no guidelines for the content and objectives for this education. In addition, policies to require timely referral for transplantation have been considered by CMS but are difficult to implement without national data on referral. Federal policies should be amended to mandate transplant center submission of referral data—while decreasing the unfunded mandate to collect other unusable data currently collected as part of regulatory monitoring of transplant centers—to promote timely access to transplant, increased transplant rates, and to better understand the multilevel barriers and facilitators to transplant referral.
Beyond the Modernisation Paradigm: Elements of a Food Sovereignty Discourse in Farmer Protest Movements and Alternative Food Networks in Poland
Authors: Bilewicz Aleksandra Maria 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe aim of this article is to explore the possible emergence of a food sovereignty movement in Poland through the analysis of two farmers protest movements organised in 2012–2019 (Protest Rolników and Agrounia) as well as Polish alternative food networks. The analysed protest movements reacted to the socio‐economic crisis in the countryside which entails a continuous decline of smallholder farming, a process that has started during the 1989 Polish transformation and has intensified following the introduction of the Common Agricultural Policy in the country. It is argued that – due to the prevalence of the modernisation paradigm in the Polish public sphere – the alliance of farmer movements with urban consumer groups would foster legitimacy of the food sovereignty discourse and bring about creation of a strong social movement that could influence public opinion and state policy. However, while the analysed groups of farmers and urban consumers share some goals, their discourses on food and agricultural issues differ, immersed in different worldviews and visions of the countryside. A successful translation of the food sovereignty discourse into the Polish context requires a careful navigation between religious and conservative values, important for family farmers, and the more universal ‘cosmopolitan’ ideas promoted by urban consumers.
Biology, diagnosis and treatment ofMalasseziadermatitis in dogs and cats Clinical Consensus Guidelines of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology
Authors: Bond Ross , Morris Daniel O. , Guillot Jacques , Bensignor Emmanuel J. , Robson David , Mason Kenneth V. , Kano Rui , Hill Peter B. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThe genusMalasseziais comprised of a group of lipophilic yeasts that have evolved as skin commensals and opportunistic cutaneous pathogens of a variety of mammals and birds.ObjectivesThe objective of this document is to provide the veterinary community and other interested parties with current information on the ecology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of skin diseases associated withMalasseziayeasts in dogs and cats.Methods and materialThe authors served as a Guideline Panel (GP) and reviewed the literature available prior to October 2018. The GP prepared a detailed literature review and made recommendations on selected topics. The World Association of Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) Clinical Consensus Guideline committee provided guidance and oversight for this process. The document was presented at two international meetings of veterinary dermatology societies and one international mycology workshop; it was made available for comment on the WAVD website for a period of six months. Comments were shared with the GP electronically and responses incorporated into the final document.Conclusions and clinical importanceThere has been a remarkable expansion of knowledge onMalasseziayeasts and their role in animal disease, particularly since the early 1990's.Malasseziadermatitis in dogs and cats has evolved from a disease of obscurity and controversy on its existence, to now being a routine diagnosis in general veterinary practice. Clinical signs are well recognised and diagnostic approaches are well developed. A range of topical and systemic therapies is known to be effective, especially when predisposing factors are identified and corrected.
Transposition of the common carotid artery in standing cattle
Authors: Munsterman Amelia S. , Arriola Apelo Sebastian I. , Nelson Kathryn M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe a method for permanent transposition of the common carotid artery (CCA) in standing cattle.Study designExperimental study.AnimalsEight healthy, adult, lactating Holstein‐Friesian cows.MethodsCows were restrained with the head and neck extended by using halters, head catch, and squeeze chute. Surgery was performed under local anesthesia and intravenous sedation. The right CCA was approached through a skin incision dorsal and parallel to the jugular vein. The skin incision was extended through the brachiocephalicus and longus capitus muscles. When the vessel was present, ligation of accessory vessels of the CCA and internal jugular vein was performed to facilitate exposure. The artery was sharply dissected from the carotid sheath and elevated by using Penrose drains. The muscles were closed in two layers, leaving the artery in a subcutaneous position. The incision was protected with a tie‐over bandage for 1 week. Sampling from the CCA was initiated approximately 6 weeks after surgery.ResultsThe CCA was successfully transposed and used for repeated arterial blood sampling in all eight cows. No cows had intraoperative complications or evidence of surgical site infection. One cow had a postoperative suture reaction at the site of a suture used for maintaining the tie‐over bandage. All arteries remained patent for use in subsequent studies.ConclusionPermanent translocation of the CCA was successful in all cows in this study and consistently allowed serial arterial blood sampling.Clinical significanceCommon carotid artery translocation is possible without general anesthesia in adult cattle and is useful in studies requiring serial sampling of arterial blood.
Relationship between cardiorespiratory phase coherence during hypoxia and genetic polymorphism in humans
Authors: Lancaster Gemma , Debevec Tadej , Millet Gregoire P. , Poussel Mathias , Willis Sarah J. , Mramor Minca , Goričar Katja , Osredkar Damjan , Dolžan Vita , Stefanovska Aneta 
Published: January 2020

Key points
High altitude‐induced hypoxia in humans evokes a pattern of breathing known as periodic breathing (PB), in which the regular oscillations corresponding to rhythmic expiration and inspiration are modulated by slow periodic oscillations.
The phase coherence between instantaneous heart rate and respiration is shown to increase significantly at the frequency of periodic breathing during acute and sustained normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia.
It is also shown that polymorphism in specific genes, NOTCH4 and CAT, is significantly correlated with this coherence, and thus with the incidence of PB.
Differences in phase shifts between blood flow signals and respiratory and PB oscillations clearly demonstrate contrasting origins of the mechanisms underlying normal respiration and PB.
These novel findings provide a better understanding of both the genetic and the physiological mechanisms responsible for respiratory control during hypoxia at altitude, by linking genetic factors with cardiovascular dynamics, as evaluated by phase coherence.
AbstractPeriodic breathing (PB) occurs in most humans at high altitudes and is characterised by low‐frequency periodic alternation between hyperventilation and apnoea. In hypoxia‐induced PB the dynamics and coherence between heart rate and respiration and their relationship to underlying genetic factors is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate, through novel usage of time–frequency analysis methods, the dynamics of hypoxia‐induced PB in healthy individuals genotyped for a selection of antioxidative and neurodevelopmental genes. Breathing, ECG and microvascular blood flow were simultaneously monitored for 30 min in 22 healthy males. The same measurements were repeated under normoxic and hypoxic (normobaric (NH) and hypobaric (HH)) conditions, at real and simulated altitudes of up to 3800 m. Wavelet phase coherence and phase difference around the frequency of breathing (approximately 0.3 Hz) and around the frequency of PB (approximately 0.06 Hz) were evaluated. Subjects were genotyped for common functional polymorphisms in antioxidative and neurodevelopmental genes. During hypoxia, PB resulted in increased cardiorespiratory coherence at the PB frequency. This coherence was significantly higher in subjects with NOTCH4 polymorphism, and significantly lower in those with CAT polymorphism (HH only). Study of the phase shifts clearly indicates that the physiological mechanism of PB is different from that of the normal respiratory cycle. The results illustrate the power of time‐evolving oscillatory analysis content in obtaining important insight into high altitude physiology. In particular, it provides further evidence for a genetic predisposition to PB and may partly explain the heterogeneity in the hypoxic response.
Mapping SysML Diagrams Into Bayesian Networks: A Systems Engineering Approach for Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Melani Arthur Henrique de Andrade , de Souza Gilberto Francisco Martha 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The growing complexity of equipment and systems has motivated the search for automated methods of fault diagnosis. Fault diagnosis represents the process of identifying the origin of a fault through the observation of a series of effects that it causes in the system. The method proposed in this paper for system fault diagnosis takes advantage of two very different techniques: Bayesian networks (BN) and systems modeling language (SysML). SysML allows the modeling of requirements, structure, behavior and parameters to provide a robust description of a system, its components, and its environment. This system model is used, in the proposed method, to obtain the BN graph in a novel structured procedure. The BN graph obtained must, in turn, present the components that are most likely responsible for a certain fault of the system under study. The BN model uses components reliabilities to solve the diagnosis problem. A case study of a water storage system is presented and it shows how the method can contribute to an assessment of the monitoring process of a system even in the early stages of its design. With this kind of information, the designer can assess the need for changes in the system to make it more reliable or better monitored.
A Simple Approach for Vortex Core Visualization
Authors: Li Jiajia , Carrica Pablo M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We propose a method to visualize vortex cores based on manipulation of the pressure field produced by isolated vortices in incompressible flow. Under ideal conditions, the function D=2|∇p|/∇2p yields an approximate distance to vortex centerlines. As opposed to local methods to identify coherent structures, isosurfaces of D produce a field of vortex tubes equidistant to the vortex core center which, ideally, are independent of vortex intensity or size. In contrast to other line-vortex identification methods, which typically rely on algorithms to detect vortex core lines and frequently need complex implementations, the proposed method can be computed from the local Eulerian velocity and pressure fields as easily as vortex identification methods such as the Q and λ2 criteria. D=2|∇p|/∇2p results in the exact distance to the core center for a Rankine vortex and is in general valid for the region of a vortex where there is pure rotation, yielding an approximation to the distance farther from the core in other simple one-dimensional vortex models. The methodology performs well in all tests we attempted, though limitations are presented and discussed. The method is demonstrated for a canonical Burgers vortex, a Bodewadt vortex, homogeneous isotropic turbulent flow, the wake of a propeller, a heaving plate, and a turning containership. The proposed method helps to better visualize vortical flow fields by displaying vortex cores, complementing methods like Q and λ2 which display vortical volumes.
An Innovative Laser Metasurface Fabrication Technique for Highly Flexible Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Wang Qinghua , You Haoxuan , Lowery Zach , Li Songwei , Fu Hao , Wang Ruoxing , Lamuta Caterina , Toor Fatima , Wu Wenzhuo , Ratner Albert , Ding Hongtao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Flexible optoelectronic devices have attracted considerable attention due to their low weight, portability, and ease of integration with other devices. However, major issues still exist: they are subject to repeated stresses, which often leads to damage; and the current fabrication methods such as photolithography and nano-imprint lithography can be very time-consuming or costly. This work aims to develop a novel cost-effective and time-efficient laser metasurface fabrication (LMF) technique for production of flexible optoelectronic devices. The experimental results have shown that the laser patterned flexible surfaces exhibit high visible transmittance, low sheet resistance, and extraordinary mechanical durability under repeated bending cycles. The laser patterned flexible surfaces have also demonstrated the potential to be utilized as heaters, which renders them new de-icing or de-fogging applications. This innovative laser patterning method will provide a new avenue for fabrication of multifunctional optoelectronic devices.
Scanning Micro-Electrochemical Machining Process for V-Shaped Grooves
Authors: Zhong Hao , Tong Hao , Wang Zhiqiang , Li Yong , Pu Yubin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Microstructures determine flow properties of microfluidic chip. Micromold forming is an effective method to realize mass manufacturing of microfluidic chips. This requires to machine some kind of special microstructure of high surface quality on a metal/alloy workpiece. Micro V-shaped grooves are the typical microstructures of the chip micromolds used for controlling microfluid or weld packaging. In this research, a scanning micro-electrochemical machining (ECM) process of V-shaped grooves is proposed using a tool electrode fabricated by micro–electrical discharge machining (EDM) on-machine. Theoretical and experimental research was conducted for achieving the V-shaped grooves with a given angle on die steel. A long-distance V-shaped groove with the given angle of 67 deg and the depth of 125 μm was successfully machined.