bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usage of Colloidal Gunpowder Released from Utilized Ammunition in the Mining Industry
Authors: Khomeriki Davit , Khomeriki Sergo , Chikhradze Nikoloz , Supatashvili Davit , Khvadagiani Avtandil , Elizbarashvili Nikoloz 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Disposal of obsolete munitions is a permanent process, during which colloidal gunpowder are liberated and accumulated. Especially large quantities of such materials were accumulated in the countries ofthe former Soviet Union, including Georgia. Warehousing and storage of such materials and/or direct application may cause a serious threat/risks in terms of ecological and unauthorized use. Therefore, today’s colloidal gunpowder is mainly stored and the expenses of their storage permanently increase, in addition, there is a permanent threat of their unauthorized use, because they belong to the class of explosives. The long-term storage of the overdue gun powders and rocket fuels contains self-blasting risks. So, this problem is urgent at the local and global levels. Traditional ways of problem solution area simple creation of new explosive materials on the base ofthe application of ingredients possessing better properties. In distinct from the traditional methods, the essence of the offered works is a creation of new type industrial explosive compounds and application of fuel removed from utilized missiles/shells of military designation in the role of components of explosive materials. A number of hints have been identified in the process of studying the exploitation of industrial explosives on the base of gunpowder and solid rocket fuel. They have created a prerequisite that the cartridges made on the basis of colloidal gunpowder can be initiated using the malware. This method of initiation allows us to a gradual increase of the gas pressure in the chamber of the critical size at which the pressure of the gas will break through the impact of the shaft and thus the breaking of the rock. In the process of research, explosives characteristics of pyroxylene and ballistic fuel mixtures have been studied. It was established that the granulomatrium composition of the mixture is significantly influenced by these characteristics. For example, if the diameter of the granules varies between 3-20 mm, the reaction of the collapse of the mixture is carried out steadily with blast mode, without switching to the detonation. If 10% or more granules in the explosive mixture are smaller than 1 mm, the combustion process can be transferred to the detonation.
Reactivity of Physically and Chemically Clean Coals
Authors: Bilen Mehmet 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this study, a total of 12 coal samples were collected. In order to have reactivity determination samples were thermo-gravimetrically analysed. Thermo-gravimetric analysis was carried out not only on physically clean coal samples but also on chemically clean coal samples. Reactivity program within thermos-gravimetric analysis consists of volatiles burning in N2 atmosphere which is fast reaction and residual carbon burning in dry air atmosphere which takes places right after. Reactivity parameter for each coal sample is considered as an important parameter since it characterize the burning profile of residual carbon matter after de-volatilization. In order to have reactivity determination, samples were objected to temperature increase up to 700 °C in N2 atmosphere and then the temperature was set to 500 °C in dry air atmosphere. Reactivity of each corresponding sample after physical and physical-chemical cleaning was determined. The determined reactivity (R500) values changed between 0.06 and 0.221 for physically clean coal samples and they are between 0.11 and 0.24 for the chemically clean coal samples. Reactivity (R500) values increased after chemical cleaning. Due to coal structure difference, the increase in reactivity (R500) after chemical cleaning is different for each sample. For example for TB6 sample, reactivity (R500) increased more than 60 % while for TB5 sample it only increased by 6 % after chemical cleaning. Chemical cleaning followed by physical cleaning results in increase in reactivity and this increase depends on the nature of the coal type.
Correlation between Ash Content of Size & Density Fractionated Coal Samples and their Corresponding Calorific Values
Authors: Yilmaz Serdar , Cuhadaroglu Dilek , Toroglu Ihsan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this study, coal samples were collected from 2 coal seams of Üzülmez coal mine of Turkish Coal Enterprise operating in Zonguldak coal basin. Firstly collected coal samples were sieved into 5 size groups (“-100+50”, “-50+18”, -“18+10”, “-10+6”, “-6+0.5” mm). Secondly, float and sink analysis was carried out on each size group coal samples. Zinc chloride solutions with the densities of 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80 and 1.90 g/cm3 were used in the order of float and sink analysis. Float and sink analysis on each size group resulted as a total number of 70 coal samples. Thirdly ash content and calorific values of each of this 70 samples were determined. Finally a prediction method of calorific value in terms of ash content of coal sample for Zonguldak coal is proposed. According to the proposed prediction method, calorific value is strongly related to ash content of each coal sample. In other words, one can easily estimate the calorific value of a coal with defined ash content. Correlation between measured and predicted calorific values is statistically significant (R2=0.99). This prediction method of calorific value is going to be very user friendly and confident tool for field engineers, coal consumers and operators of coal cleaning plants. Initial quick estimates of calorific value employing just the ash content within 99% accuracy for a specified coal seam would be a possible. Future scope of this study is to establish an index of ash content and calorific value relevance for each coal seam in Zonguldak Coal Basin.
Domestic Utilization of Coal in Zonguldak-Turkey and Unburned Carbon in Ash
Authors: Bilen Mehmet , Yilmaz Serdar 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this study, Zonguldak, a Turkish city popular with coal mining, was taken into consideration. Coal was the main source of energy for domestic heating in Zonguldak and tonnes of ash were dumped to environment. The ash samples were containing carbon and this carbon was aimed to recycle from these waste. In the order of this recycling, firstly classification of collected ash samples in terms of size groups was carried out. For each size groups sink and float analysis was carried out. Sink and float analysis was carried out with densities (1.30, 1.45, 1.60, 1.90 g/cm3) for a total of 5 size groups of ash (+18.00mm, -18.00+10.00mm, -10.00+6.00mm, - 6.00+2.36mm, -2.36+0.50mm) and each floated product was analysed in terms of final ash percentage. Size group -18+10 mm was floated at 1.30 g/cm3 and it was observed that this group of coal ash has the highest percentage (%58.84) carbon.
Analysis of Geodynamic Processes Developed in Georgia
Authors: Khvadagiani Avtandil , Medzmariashvili Elguja , Laoshvili Zurab , Khomeriki Sergo , Chikhradze Nikoloz , Kikava Teimuraz , Shatberashvili Grigol , Khomeriki Davit 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the paper, the landscape-geographic disasters, caused by natural spontaneous events (landslide-gravitational, mudflow, rock fall, snow slides), are considered. It has been noted that at such locations, the use of constant monitoring and creation of a single system of communications plays an important role in the activity of state institutions and organizations, the operation of which is associated which controls natural disasters or is used for reduction of the negative effects caused by catastrophic events.
Crystallization and Cooling of the Noril’sk Intrusions According to the Pyroxen’s Geothermometry Data
Authors: Asavin Alex , Krivolutskaya Nadezhda 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Composition of clinopyroxenes in vertical sections of some ore-bearing basic intrusions in the Noril’sk area has been studied by EPMA. These data formed the basis for the calculation of the pyroxene crystallization temperatures using the El Negro monopyroxene geothermometer (Fe-Mg exchange between M1-M2 positions). The results of the calculations allowed estimating the variations of temperature crystallization within the magmatic chambers from early to the late stages. The temperature varies from 1200 for idiomorphic crystals in equilibrium to liquid and up to 400 degrees (in solid intra exchange) for xenomorphic grains and marginal zones of pyroxenes. We reconstructed the regimes of crystallization of the magmatic chamber by this data. The vertical distribution of paleotemperatures of the intrusive chamber there is the evidence of absence vertical move crystals into such magmatic chambers.
Removal of THM Precursors by Adsorption, Coagulation and UV Irradation
Authors: Ilavsky Jan , Barlokova Danka , Marton Michal , Kapusta Ondrej 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The general characteristics of humic substances (HS) and their negative effect on water quality and its treatment are described. The paper presents the results from the removal of humic substances from the Hriňová (Slovakia) water reservoir using 1) granular activated carbon (GAC) from two producers (Chemviron, Cabot) at three different pH levels, 2) by coagulation with two coagulants (aluminum sulfate and ferric sulfate), and 3) by an advanced oxidation process using UV radiation with the addition of the oxidizing agent hydrogen peroxide. The effectiveness of the removal of humic substances (expressed by the TOC parameter) from water with adsorption by GAC, depending on the contact time with the water, ranged from 14 % for one hour to 50% for eight hours of contact time. The calculated GAC adsorption capacity of the humic substances ranged from 0.05 mg/g for one hour to 0.19 mg/g for eight hours of contact time. The pH of the water had no significant effect on the level of efficiency. A high level of efficiency (50%) and the lowest value of TOC are obtained at a pH of 6.5. The humic substances remain in the water though the optimal dose of the coagulant was used. The ferric sulfate coagulant is more suitable for removing of humic substances from water as aluminum sulfate. A dose of 16 mg/L of 1% solution Fe2(SO4)3, which is the equivalent of 4.47 mg/L Fe3+, is sufficient for the reduction of humic substances below 1 mg/L. The effectiveness of the removal of humic substances with coagulation using iron sulfate was 83% for a parameter of HS and 50% for TOC or CODMn. The iron sulfate has the influence on a reduction in pH of water, therefore pH of water should be adjusted after coagulation. A laboratory study of removal of humic acids from surface water by UV radiation and addition of hydrogen peroxide in order to increase the oxidation of organics are presented. The results showed that UV radiation and addition of H2O2 during the first few minutes of irradiation increases the concentration of the humic substances, CODMn and TOC in water. After 3 minutes of exposure to UV radiation, these values were reduced to baseline, and in the next irradiation phase the values of the monitored parameters decreased. The highly reactive OH radicals with a high oxidation potential oxidize humic substances to various intermediates (a lower molecular weight substances). After 20 minutes of irradiation, a decrease in the parameters of approx. 39% for TOC, 62% for CODMn and 37% for humic substances was observed.
Numerical Modelling of Plate Load Tests on Unsaturated Silt Loams in Laboratory Stands
Authors: Broucek Miroslav , Kuklik Pavel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper summarizes the results of the numerical modelling of plate load tests on unsaturated silt loams in laboratory conditions using two different constitutive models and different software packages. The first part of the paper presents laboratory measurements on large specimens of compacted unsaturated silt loams with a constant degree of saturation during the experiments. It comments on the issues of the classical interpretations of static plate load tests including the influence zone theory and further issues with calibration of numerical models using the parameters gained from the classical approach. The second part of the paper dedicated to the problems of numerical modelling of these soils presents results of the Cam-Clay constitutive model modified for capturing the influence of the moisture content implemented in the SIFEL software package and results of the Hypoplastic constitutive model for clays implemented in the GEO 5 software package. The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the advantages and drawbacks of both constitutive models in details and comments on the possible issues when using them for more topologically complex tasks.
Production of Corrosion-Resistant Polymer Concrete Reinforced with Various Fibers
Authors: Chikhradze Nikoloz , Marquis Fernand , Abashidze Guram , Tsverava Davit 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Polymer concretes (PC) unlike common concrete (produced based on cement, as cohesive material) are notable for the high durability on compression – 50…90 MPa, and especially, on tension – 6…10 MPa, with unique corrosion resistance. However, they are also associated with such negative properties, such as high deformability, creep. Because PC works well on tension, their application is perspective for production of shock resistant construction material, but for this, it is necessary their strengthening by additional reinforcing mechanisms. In addition, because of the differences in the durability and deformability on compression, as well as on tension, is important that stipulates the necessity of reinforcement of PC tensile and bent elements. This work presents and discussed the reinforcement of PC by hybrid fibers. The major goal of this work is the production of such hybrid fiber-reinforced polymer concrete (HFRPC) with high durability on tension and high shock resistance that preserves these properties in conditions of aggressive environments. The primary cohesive methods are unsaturated polyester resins, as polymers. The fiber reinforcements (course and fine) are primarily basalt and steel fibers, andesite selected for their chemical resistance and durability the technological parameters for the production and processing of nano and ultrafine dispersive powders from the rock using vibration and planetary mills, and the physical and mechanical properties of these concretes are presented and discussed. The data on the corrosion resistance coefficient of these processed PC (corrosion resistance coefficient - K
cr, diffusion coefficient of aggressive liquids - Kd) is also presented and discussed.
Shaping relations between natural and artificial landscapes on the example of selected riverside cities: Budapest and Rzeszow
Authors: Rybka Adam , Dombay Gabor , Kozlowska Karolina 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article discusses the nature of the relationship between the natural landscape and the transformed landscape. The description of these ties was limited to two interdependent and simultaneously contrasting creatures - a river of a fully natural landscape and a city as an artificial landscape resulting from the Anthropos genic transformations. The relationship between these two opposing types of landscapes is centuries-old and thus constitutes a rich source of search and study of human-environment relations. The direct reason for addressing this issue is a gradual change in the approach to landscape shaping of the river valley existing with the urban landscape. Clear transformations of these dependencies and the creation of a return of the city to the river can be observed, for example, in the London docks or Mill Island in Bydgoszcz in Poland. The research area is the coastline of two administratively, culturally and historically different European cities: the Wislok coastline in Rzeszow, the capital of the voivodeship in south-eastern Poland, and the Danube coastline in Budapest, the capital of Hungary. In Budapest, the coexistence of the river and the city is very clear, and their mutual connections are historically anchored and clearly visible in the city’s urban structure. On the other hand, the dynamic changes that have taken place over the centuries in the riverbed of Wislok in Rzeszow caused that the river is not the urban axis of the city and did not significantly affect its urban layout in the past. Throughout most of its existence, the city was formed in fear of the river. The comparison of the shape of the coasts of the cities mentioned above resembles a master - pupil relationship. The two cities share a historical link with the river valley, but the degree of development of these relations varies considerably. The observation was used as a research method. The selected cases are the family towns of the authors, which made it possible to confront the results of literature research, mainly related to the historical layer, with long-term observations of the discussed areas. The article also defines the features distinguishing riverside cities and the advantages and fears resulting from the coexistence of these two seemingly contrasting landscapes.
A plastic model based on the bounding surface formulation for cyclic behavior of soil
Authors: Zhang Yan , Sun Shulin , Mboussa Djohn Josia Weaver 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Cyclic behavior of saturated soil under cyclic loading, such as earthquake, is one significant cause of the strain accumulation which can lead to the foundation destruction. This paper presents the relationship between hardening rules in the multi-surface plasticity and hardening function in the bounding surface plasticity, because both of them need to calculate the plastic modulus at every current stress state, applying the newly developed hardening rule into the hardening function to calculate the variable plastic modulus, this new idea adds the adversity of plasticity model, and a new bounding surface is established. The simulation result of undrained triaxial test verified the reliability of the new bounding surface model.
Understanding and Measuring Sustainability Performance in the Banking Sector
Authors: Stauropoulou Athanasia , Sardianou Eleni 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Stakeholders have increasingly demanded the adoption of sustainable strategies and the increase in sustainability reports from the business. At the same time, the assessment and measurement of corporate performance now extend beyond its established financial return. This paper follows the argument that it is important for companies to be an entity that plays an active role in sustainable development. However, it is commonly accepted that there is no single, integrated way of assessing this performance. The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework for understanding and measuring corporate sustainability in the banking sector. More specifically, the paper aims to fill the gap in the corporate sustainability assessment in the banking sector because there is, in fact, a tendency to underestimate the indirect impact these sectors have on environmental issues and social responsibility. A theoretical framework of an integrated composite sustainability index is analyzed based on the adoption of the GRI sustainability guidelines and the application of the analytic hierarchy process. The construction of a composite sustainability index includes the economic, environmental and social dimension of entrepreneurship. Each of the three sub-indices is a synthesis of several key performance indicators, which are usually the subjects of annual sustainability reports of an organization. This process is used to benchmark a company over a period of time and provides an indicative tool in order to analyze banking companies. Managers can use this analysis as a valuable component for comparing them over time, so as to adopt appropriate sustainable strategies and to improve the economic, environmental and social performance. A key tool to achieve sustainability in the banking sector is to analyze the corporate performance of the organizations. This will give a competitive advantage to the bank operators.
The impact of Rapid Impulse Compaction (RIC) of large non-cohesive material deposits on the surrounding area
Authors: Dobrzycki Przemyslaw , Ivannikov Alexander L. , Rybak Jaroslaw , Shkodkina Vlada O. , Tyulyaeva Yulia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Rapid Impulse Compaction technology makes it possible for improving the ground physical properties, especially when the large thickness of non-cohesive material layers is considered. It is also very efficient for compaction of large deposits of spoil rock from the mining industry or from the demolition works. It also allows making columns out of mining recycled aggregate or construction debris to improve weak cohesive soils. Equipment used in this method ensures fast completion of the work; however, it may cause large noise and severe vibrations. This environmental impact on the neighbourhood and adjacent structures may bring some threats and cause discussions over the technology application limits. Nevertheless, there are effective monitoring tools enabling a control over the whole process, achieving good engineering effects and running the work without negative influence (or within acceptable criteria) to the surrounding buildings and infrastructure facilities. The presented case studies show: how the intensity of vibrations is dependent on the distance from the source of the dynamic impact. In the case of analysed Rapid Impulse Compaction. The results were compared to the previously published results of computer modelling of such an impact. All the research activities were granted by DABI SM BUDNY Company as a part of their Research and Development program. Numerous cycles of vibration monitoring control were conducted on the building site in Wrocław (Poland). The major part of readings was made in course of compaction of non-cohesive layers, partially replaced by sorted debris from crushing of concrete elements from demolition works. Similar results were achieved in course of forming controlled fills composed of spoil material (crushed rock) from the mining industry. The presented research result is a part of the joined Polish-Russian program of training periods under the supervision of Jaroslaw Rybak, PhD from Wrocław University of Science and Technology.
Rock slope stability analysis with a kinematical method for the Nam Phoun dam site project, Laos
Authors: Mboussa Djohn Josia Weaver , Sun Shulin , Zhang Yan , Elenga Hartman Issombo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Rock slope stability is one of the major challenges in the rock engineering. In this paper, Kinematical analysis on the right bank slope of Nam Phoun Hydropower station dam site project has been performed according to the planar sliding and wedge sliding. Field investigation was realized and geometrical properties of rock mass collected, the objective in this paper is to evaluate the stability of the dam site and predict the probable mode of failure; Lower hemisphere stereographic projection of different joints set was realized using a commercial Rocscience program called Dipv.6. Planar sliding and wedge sliding failure performed, show that no probable planar sliding and wedge sliding failure can occur on the right bank slope and for the excavation process; the slope face is stable for dip angle equal to 45°.
Sandstone grinding in electromagnetic mill – case study
Authors: Lis Anna 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents a comparison of the use of a ball mill and an electromagnetic mill for the grinding sandstones, taking into account the obtained grain fractions. The simplified principle of an electromagnetic mill operation has been described, as a relatively new device, which is increasingly gaining popularity. The same amount of feed was mixed with similar values of individual fractions in both devices. On the basis of the obtained results, the performance of both mills was compared and the effectiveness of using an electromagnetic mill was determined for further use.