bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in panic disorder symptoms and illicit drug use among young people in Hungary
Authors: Kecskés I. , Rihmer Z. , Kiss K. , Sárai T. , Szabó A. , Kiss G.H. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThe authors have investigated the frequency of illicit drug use, and spontaneous and drug-provoked panic disorder symptoms in Hungarian youths. A semi-structured self-reporting questionnaire (with questions about drug usage and the persistence of some DSM-IV panic disorder symptoms) was filled out in discos/nightclubs, secondary schools and universities. Almost 17% of the total sample (n = 1298) reported on illicit drug-use at least once in their life, and this rate was significantly higher among males. Regardless of the illegal drug use 14.6% of the total sample reported on four or more DSM-IV symptoms of panic disorder, and this rate was significantly higher among females. Analyzing the panic disorder symptoms only among drug-users (n = 219), the frequency of persons with four or more anxiety symptoms was 14.1% before drug use, and it increased to 30.6% during the period of drug use (P < 0.001). The findings support previous results showing (i) higher prevalence of anxiety symptoms among females; (ii) higher rate of illicit drug use among males; and (iii) a possible anxiety-provoking effect of illicit drugs.
Epidemiology of heart failure in Sweden — a national survey
Authors: Mejhert Märit , Persson Hans , Edner Magnus , Kahan Thomas 
Published: July 2002

AbstractBackground:In Sweden heart failure is the most frequent discharge diagnosis within internal medicine. The prevalence of heart failure seems to be increasing, mainly due to an ageing population, but also because of improved survival in patients with cardiovascular diseases.Aim:To describe the epidemiology of heart failure in Sweden from a perspective based on demographic and health care data.Methods:The national registers in Sweden provide detailed information on health care consumption in relation to different diagnoses. Pharmaceutical sales are also registered. There are national epidemiological reports, reports on health care utilization and on health economics concerning heart failure patients.Results:There has been structural changes in the Swedish health care system due to financial restraints in the health care budget. Aiming at reducing hospital costs, the total amount of hospital beds has been cut down markedly during the last decade. The number of heart failure patients and the number of hospital stays have increased during the same period. Hospital stays have become shorter. The number of patients and hospital stays more than double when heart failure as both primary and secondary discharge diagnoses are included.Conclusion:The available national registers provide a good opportunity to study epidemiology of heart failure in Sweden. The number of hospital beds has decreased markedly within the last decade due to changes in the Swedish health care system. Nevertheless, there has been an increase in the number of patients discharged with heart failure from the hospitals, suggesting an increase in prevalence.
How patients with heart failure are managed in the United Kingdom
Authors: English K.M. , Channer K.S. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractHeart failure is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the UK it is estimated to affect one in ten octogenarians. This obviously imposes a large burden on our health care services, and the ageing of our population will only exacerbate this. In this article we have attempted to provide a general overview of the day to day management of these patients in the United Kingdom.
Identification of two subtilisin‐like serine proteases engaged in the degradation of recombinant proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Puchol Tarazona Alejandro A. , Maresch Daniel , Grill Annette , Bakalarz Janet , Torres Acosta Juan A. , Castilho Alexandra , Steinkellner Herta , Mach Lukas 
Published: December 2020

The tobacco variant Nicotiana benthamiana has recently emerged as a versatile host for the manufacturing of protein therapeutics, but the fidelity of many recombinant proteins generated in this system is compromised by inadvertent proteolysis. Previous studies have revealed that the anti‐HIV‐1 antibodies 2F5 and PG9 as well as the protease inhibitor α1‐antitrypsin (A1AT) are particularly susceptible to N. benthamiana proteases. Here, we identify two subtilisin‐like serine proteases (NbSBT1 and NbSBT2) whose combined action is sufficient to account for all major cleavage events observed upon expression of 2F5, PG9 and A1AT in N. benthamiana. We propose that downregulation of NbSBT1 and NbSBT2 activities could constitute a powerful means to optimize the performance of this promising platform for the production of biopharmaceuticals.DatabasesNbSBT sequence data are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under the accession numbers MN534996 to MN535005.
Carbon Nanomaze for Biomolecular Detection with Zeptomolar Sensitivity
Authors: Bao Jing , Qiu Xiaopei , Wang Deqiang , Yang Huisi , Zhao Jiaying , Qi Yanli , Zhang Liangliang , Chen Xiaohui , Yang Mei , Gu Wei , Huo Danqun , Luo Yang , Hou Changjun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDespite numerous efforts, the accurate determination of trace biomolecules with zeptomolar sensitivity remains elusive. Here, a 3D carbon nanomaze (CAM) electrode for the ultrasensitive detection of trace biomolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, and extracellular vesicles is reported. The CAM electrode consists of an interlaced carbon fiber array on which intercrossed graphene sheets are vertically tethered in situ, permitting local confinement of trace molecules to increase molecular hybridization efficiency. Furthermore, a self‐assembled DNA tetrahedron array adopts a rigid spatial conformation to guarantee the controllable arrangement of immobilized biological probes, facilitating analytical sensitivity and reproducibility. In a proof‐of‐concept experiment on detecting microRNA‐155, a linearity of 0.1 aM to 100 nM and a sensitivity of 0.023 aM (23 zM) are achieved. With the optimal parameters, the proposed nanoelectrode demonstrates encouraging consistency with quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction during clinical sample detection. Through simple functionalization by appending various biomolecular probes of interest, the developed CAM platform with ultrahigh sensitivity can be exploited as a versatile tool in environmental, chemistry, biology, and healthcare fields.
Identifying Ionic and Electronic Charge Transfer at Oxide Heterointerfaces
Authors: Rose Marc‐André , Šmíd Břetislav , Vorokhta Mykhailo , Slipukhina Ivetta , Andrä Michael , Bluhm Hendrik , Duchoň Tomáš , Ležaić Marjana , Chambers Scott A. , Dittmann Regina , Mueller David N. , Gunkel Felix 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe ability to tailor oxide heterointerfaces has led to novel properties in low‐dimensional oxide systems. A fundamental understanding of these properties is based on the concept of electronic charge transfer. However, the electronic properties of oxide heterointerfaces crucially depend on their ionic constitution and defect structure: ionic charges contribute to charge transfer and screening at oxide interfaces, triggering a thermodynamic balance of ionic and electronic structures. Quantitative understanding of the electronic and ionic roles regarding charge‐transfer phenomena poses a central challenge. Here, the electronic and ionic structure is simultaneously investigated at the prototypical charge‐transfer heterointerface, LaAlO3/SrTiO3. Applying in situ photoemission spectroscopy under oxygen ambient, ionic and electronic charge transfer is deconvoluted in response to the oxygen atmosphere at elevated temperatures. In this way, both the rich and variable chemistry of complex oxides and the associated electronic properties are equally embraced. The interfacial electron gas is depleted through an ionic rearrangement in the strontium cation sublattice when oxygen is applied, resulting in an inverse and reversible balance between cation vacancies and electrons, while the mobility of ionic species is found to be considerably enhanced as compared to the bulk. Triggered by these ionic phenomena, the electronic transport and magnetic signature of the heterointerface are significantly altered.
Designing Mechanical Metamaterials with Kirigami‐Inspired, Hierarchical Constructions for Giant Positive and Negative Thermal Expansion
Authors: Guo Xiaogang , Ni Xiaoyue , Li Jiahong , Zhang Hang , Zhang Fan , Yu Huabin , Wu Jun , Bai Yun , Lei Hongshuai , Huang Yonggang , Rogers John A. , Zhang Yihui 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAdvanced mechanical metamaterials with unusual thermal expansion properties represent an area of growing interest, due to their promising potential for use in a broad range of areas. In spite of previous work on metamaterials with large or ultralow coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), achieving a broad range of CTE values with access to large thermally induced dimensional changes in structures with high filling ratios remains a key challenge. Here, design concepts and fabrication strategies for a kirigami‐inspired class of 2D hierarchical metamaterials that can effectively convert the thermal mismatch between two closely packed constituent materials into giant levels of biaxial/uniaxial thermal expansion/shrinkage are presented. At large filling ratios (>50%), these systems offer not only unprecedented negative and positive biaxial CTE (i.e., −5950 and 10 710 ppm K−1), but also large biaxial thermal expansion properties (e.g., > 21% for 20 K temperature increase). Theoretical modeling of thermal deformations provides a clear understanding of the microstructure–property relationships and serves as a basis for design choices for desired CTE values. An Ashby plot of the CTE versus density serves as a quantitative comparison of the hierarchical metamaterials presented here to previously reported systems, indicating the capability for substantially enlarging the accessible range of CTE.
Sonolithography: In‐Air Ultrasonic Particulate and Droplet Manipulation for Multiscale Surface Patterning
Authors: Shapiro Jenna M. , Drinkwater Bruce W. , Perriman Adam W. , Fraser Mike 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAcoustic fields are increasingly being used in material handling applications for gentle, noncontact manipulation of particles in fluids. Sonolithography is based on the application of acoustic radiation forces arising from the interference of ultrasonic standing waves to direct airborne particle/droplet accumulation in defined spatial regions. This approach enables reliable and repeatable patterning of materials onto a substrate to provide spatially localized topographical or biochemical cues, structural features, or other functionalities that are relevant to biofabrication and tissue engineering applications. The technique capitalizes on inexpensive, commercially available transducers and electronics. Sonolithography is capable of rapidly patterning micrometer to millimeter scale materials onto a wide variety of substrates over a macroscale (cm2) surface area and can be used for both indirect and direct cell patterning.
Occurrence of nitrosamines and their precursors in North American drinking waters
Authors: Krasner Stuart W. , Roback Shannon , Qian Yichao , Li Xing‐Fang , Marfil‐Vega Ruth , Bukhari Zia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEight N‐nitrosamines were measured at 37 water plants in the United States and Canada. Five tobacco‐specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) were measured in selected waters. N‐Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was preferentially formed in chloraminated systems (maximum detention time: median 4.4 ng/L). A small amount was detected in some chlorinated systems (90th percentile <2.0 ng/L). After ozone (before chloramines), NDMA was sometimes detected (90th percentile 2.9 ng/L), suggesting that the ozone did not react with precursors to form NDMA. The chloramine plants that temporarily switched to chlorine typically produced less NDMA (Plant 29 reduced NDMA formation, on average, from 34 to 4 ng). More NDMA was produced during spring runoff, when there were elevated levels of ammonia and NDMA precursors in the source water. More NDMA was formed when there were higher levels of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (polyDADMAC) used. N‐Nitrosomorpholene was found to be a contaminant and not a disinfection byproduct; it did not increase during chloramination. TSNAs were produced during spring runoff; source water ammonia impacted the chlor(am)ine chemistry.
Virgibacillus dokdonensis VITP14 produces α‐amylase and protease with a broader operational range but with differential thermodynamic stability
Authors: Mishra Satabdi , Joghee Nidhya Nadarajan , Jayaraman Gurunathan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExtracellular α‐amylase and protease were coproduced from halo tolerant Virgibacillus dokdonensis VITP14 with banana peels (2% w/v) as substrate. The pH optima for α‐amylase and protease were 6.5 and 7.0, respectively. The temperature optima of α‐amylase and protease were 30 and 50 °C, respectively. Both the enzymes were active in the presence of various metal ions (1 mM of Ni2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Sr2+, and Mg2+), detergents (Tween 20, Tween 80, Triton X‐100), and other additives (2‐mercaptoethanol and urea). Both the enzymes followed Michaelis–Menten type enzyme kinetics with Vmax of 121.40 and 4.17 μmol Min−1 mL−1 and Km of 0.59 and 0.28 mg mL−1 for amylase and protease, respectively. Amylase showed higher activation energy for inactivation (75.55 kJ mol−1 compared to 59.70 kJ mol−1 for protease) and higher thermal stability (reflected by longer half‐life 53.23 Min compared to 0.11 Min for protease) at 60 °C. The coexistence of amylase and protease could be attributed to the difference in the optimum temperatures of activity and thermal stability of the two enzymes.
A rare case of acquired factor V inhibitor, during treatment with dabigatran for chronic atrial fibrillation, successfully treated with bypassing agents
Authors: Giuffrida Gaetano , Markovic Uros , Nicolosi Daniela , Calafiore Valeria 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAcquired factor V inhibitor represents a rare condition, described only in case reports. The use of activated bypassing agents in bleeding control could be of aid and improve the survival in symptomatic patients with acquired factor V inhibitor.
Energy Generation and Iron Removal in Batch and Continuous Single‐Chamber Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Sumisha Anappara , Haribabu Krishnan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEnergy generation was studied in a membraneless single‐chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC) with batch and continuous systems, using iron(III) as electron acceptor at the cathode and Shewanella putrefaciens as the biocatalyst. A maximum stable voltage of 0.769 V was achieved at a maximum tolerable concentration (MTC) of 50 ppm Fe for the batch mode of operation. A metal removal efficiency of 91.1 % and a total organic carbon removal of 85.5 % were obtained at the MTC. Also, the effects of various hydraulic retention times (HRT) were tested for the continuous process. A maximum voltage of 0.81 V was observed during operation for 13 h of HRT, along with a substrate degradation of 91.8 % and an iron removal of 86.4 %.
Flow Synthesis of 2‐[Methyl(pyridin‐2‐yl)amino]ethanol: An Experimental and Computational Study
Authors: Cuesta Calvo Paulo Victor , Rodrigues Batista Patrick , Rodrigues de Oliveira Silva Renan , Converti Attilio , Al Arni Saleh , Solisio Carlo , Ducati Lucas C. , Alves Palma Mauri Sergio 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMicroreactor technology is increasingly applied in the chemical‐pharmaceutical industry for safer and more efficient drug production as compared to the traditional batch process. This technology is employed for the first time to study the production of 2‐[methyl(pyridin‐2‐yl)amino]ethanol, the first intermediate in rosiglitazone synthesis. Under the optimum operating conditions, a single microreactor chip at 160 °C allowed to produce the equivalent of more than five batch reactors at 120 °C. The kinetic study indicated that the reaction is second order. Thermodynamic parameters were determined by the Eyring equation and density functional theory (DFT) calculations with good agreement. DFT results suggested a concerted nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction mechanism.
Assessment of salivary thioredoxin levels in oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Amirchaghmaghi Maryam , Mahfoozi Roya , Dalirsani Zohreh , Mostaan Leila Vazifeh , Hashemy Seyed Isaac , Shakeri Mohammad Taghi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveOral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic mucocutaneous inflammatory disease, which is considered as a potentially malignant condition and could transformed into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Squamous cell carcinmoma is the most common oral cancer. This study aimed to compare salivary thioredoxin levels as an antioxidant protein among patients with OSSC, OLP and healthy subjects.Materials and methodsTwenty‐eight patients with OLP, 20 patients with OSCC and 40 healthy people enrolled in this observational study. Saliva samples were collected from all subjects and salivary thioredoxin levels were evaluated by Elisa test. The data were recorded in the check lists and analyzed using SPSS (ver.17).ResultsThioredoxin levels of healthy controls were insignificantly higher than OLP and SCC patients (p = 0.135). There was a statistically remarkable indirect relationship between thioredoxin levels and severity of the lesions determined by Thongprasom criteria among OLP patients. The thioredoxin concentration was significantly higher in the keratotic OLP. Among the OSCC patients, the highest levels of thioredoxin were found among patients aged more than 65 years. Salivary thioredoxin levels based on other variables were not significantly different between the studied groups.ConclusionIn this study, there was not any significant difference between salivary thioredoxin levels in the OLP and OSCC patients, though it was unremarkable higher in the healthy group compared to the patients; therefore, the role of thioredoxin in the cellular oxidation–reduction status could be suggested; however, further studies are recommended.
Efficient portfolio construction by means of CVaR and k‐means++ clustering analysis: Evidence from the NYSE
Authors: Soleymani Fazlollah , Vasighi Mahdi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe major target of this article is to build a machine learning model furnishing an efficient and quick analysis for a large portfolio of stocks. Towards constructing such an efficient portfolio, we employ the Value‐at‐Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value‐at‐Risk (CVaR) as tools of well‐consolidated use for controlling the anomalies' presence of potential danger to the financial stability of the portfolio. It is shown how the well‐resulted k‐means++ clustering technique is employed to cluster financial returns for the stocks of a system and then the risk measures of VaR and CVaR are obtained for the clusters to find the most and least riskiest groups of stocks. The proposed procedure is fast for clustering a financial large set of data by providing many features for each cluster.
Estimating price impact via deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Cao Yi , Zhai Jia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPrice impact is the adverse change of the asset price against trader's action. As a crucial part of the indirect trading cost, price impact has attracted increasing attention in both econometric and data science literature. In this paper, we draw upon both strands of the literature and develop a deep neural network enhanced recursive (DeRecv) model to estimate temporary and permanent price impact of an order or trade. The temporary price impact is calculated as the sum of the expected immediate impact at each time point after taking action in an ad hoc market condition. The permanent price impact is defined as a new permanent level at which the information of the incoming order is entirely absorbed by the market. Through the experimental evaluation based on data from 10 stocks at NASDAQ and Shanghai Stock Exchange, we show that the proposed DeRecv model is better than the reinforcement learning model and the traditional vector autoregressive model.
Interannual variations of monthly precipitation and associated mechanisms over the Three River Source region in China in winter months
Authors: Wang Teng , Sun Bo , Wang Huijun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the interannual variability of winter precipitation over the Three River Source (TRS) region in China based on precipitation observations collected at stations in the TRS region and reanalysis datasets for the period of 1980–2015. The results suggest that the TRS winter precipitation has distinct interannual variability with discordant trends in different months, that is, an increasing trend is found in November and February, a decreasing trend is found in other winter months, and interannual variations in precipitation are different in different months. The mechanisms for the interannual variation in monthly precipitation over the TRS region are significantly different in different winter months. The interannual variability of TRS precipitation in November is modulated by an anomalous westerly water vapour transport (WVT) branch. This anomalous WVT branch is related to a North Atlantic‐Europe‐Tibetan Plateau (NA‐E‐TP) wave‐train that originates in the North Atlantic due to the ocean–atmosphere interaction. In December, a circum‐global teleconnection (CGT) wave‐train can induce anomalous westerly WVT in the TRS region, resulting in increased precipitation there. This CGT wave‐train is triggered by warm SST anomalies in the central‐eastern tropical Pacific associated with the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The interannual variability of TRS precipitation in January and February is affected by southwesterly WVT anomalies over the TRS region, which are associated with a southeastward propagating wave‐train over Eurasia caused by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). In March, the interannual variability of TRS precipitation is modulated by the leading mode of the Eurasian circulation that resembles the Scandinavian (EU1) pattern, which can cause anomalous southwesterly WVT in the TRS region. In winter, the characteristics of sea surface temperature anomalies, weather systems, and atmospheric circulations associated with interannual variations of monthly precipitation in the TRS region are different for individual winter months.