bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biological control in the Dominican Republic.
Authors: Serra C. , Lenteren J. C. van 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

During the first part of the 20th century several introductions were made, resulting in successful classical biocontrol of coconut scale and cottony cushion scale. After 1970, biocontrol activities increased and prospecting for biocontrol agents of pests, diseases and weeds took place. Other successful classical biocontrol programmes were implemented after 1980, resulting in control of citrus blackfly, whiteflies, papaya mealybug, pink hibiscus mealybug and Anastrepha fruit flies. A number of cases of natural control by predatory bugs, chrysopids, syrphids, coccinellids, entomopathogenic fungi and nematodes were documented for arthropod pests, such as whiteflies, thrips, mites, lepidopterans, and dipteran and lepidopteran leaf miners. Conservation biocontrol enhancing the action of parasitoids, predators or pathogens of lepidopterans, whiteflies, leaf miners, thrips, aphids and mites in vegetables was developed, as well as for citrus psyllids and fruit flies. Augmentative biocontrol of the coffee berry borer, using an exotic parasitoid and a pathogen, of the ello sphinx in cassava, of thrips and other vegetable pests in greenhouses and open fields, and of bilharzia-transmitting snails, was implemented. Also, prospecting for native predatory mites has been executed recently. Conservation biocontrol based on integrated approaches using cultural control measures, monitoring systems, selective pesticides and native natural enemies is step by step reaching larger groups of agricultural producers, above all those who produce crops destined for export markets, which are subject to severe regulations concerning types and residues of synthetic pesticides.
Biological control in El Salvador.
Authors: Lenteren J. C. van 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

In the 1960s, natural control was shown to play an important role in the reduction of saturniid populations in Spondias fruit trees by dipteran and hymenopteran parasitoids and in the reduction of coconut weevil populations by a staphelinid. Later, other cases of high degrees of natural control were documented, such as that of the cotton leafworm by a native egg parasitoid and of the Mexican beetle by an ectoparasitic mite as well as by a pupal parasitoid. Classical biocontrol of citrus blackfly and purple scale in citrus was initiated in the 1970s, as well as augmentative biocontrol of lepidopteran pests with egg parasitoids. Another, very successful, augmentative biocontrol project during the 1970s concerned the killing of two mosquito species by an entomopathogenic nematode. Prospecting for nematophagous fungi in 1977 in El Salvador resulted in finding 18 species. Recently, several microbial control agents have been produced by the Escuela Agrícola Panamericana, Zamorano in Honduras for control of soil-borne diseases; nematodes and arthropod pests have been registered and are applied in El Salvador. Tilapia fish are used for biocontrol of Aedes mosquitoes, the vector of, among others, Zika, dengue and chikungunya viral diseases.
Biological control in Haiti.
Authors: Ryckewaert P. , Lenteren J. C. van 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Biocontrol on Haiti is mainly in the form of classical biological control. Successful early projects are control of citrus blackfly by a hymenopteran parasitoid since the 1930s and control of the sugarcane borer by an introduced tachinid parasitoid since 1953. After 1970 three hymenopteran parasitoids were introduced for control of the coffee berry borer. A new project concerns the introduction of predators against the fluted scale Crypticerya genistae. Most Haitian farmers have insufficient financial resources to apply chemical control, which creates possibilities for use of conservation biocontrol and also allows the ecosystem service of biocontrol to exhibit its role in pest and disease reduction.
Biological control in Puerto Rico.
Authors: Ramos M. , Ramos-Rodriguez O. , Gallardo-Covas F. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

The role of natural enemies in pest control was recognized by naturalists visiting Puerto Rico around 1800 and 1870. Natural control of sugarcane borers by parasitoids and vertebrate predators of sugarcane borer was first documented in 1895. Pests in sugarcane received much attention in the early 20th century, starting with the introduction in 1912 of a ladybird for control of mealybugs. Biocontrol research in Puerto Rico peaked in the period from 1900 to 1950, when more than 75 species of parasitoids and predators of various pests were introduced. After 1970, several successful classical biocontrol projects resulted in control of water weeds, such as hornwort with grass carp, and water hyacinth, water lettuce and alligator weed with phytophagous coleopterans. Other projects concerned natural, classical, fortuitous and conservation biocontrol with predators and parasitoids of pests in citrus, coffee, cucurbits, papaya and pigeon pea. In 2014 a project was initiated for control of the Harrisia cactus mealybug. Recent interest in organic agriculture and environmentally friendly agricultural practices in Puerto Rico has resulted in biocontrol being considered more often for management of pests and diseases.
The uptake of biological control in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Authors: Lenteren J. C. van , Cock M. J. W. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Biological control started to be used in the 1880s in Latin America and the Caribbean and has since developed into a widely applied pest management method. Currently almost 32 million hectares are under classical, more than 31 million hectares under augmentative and hundreds of thousands of hectares under conservation biocontrol. Achievements in this region have been impressive and are documented in this chapter. Several factors frustrate the implementation of biocontrol on an even larger area. The most important are the dominance of the pesticide industry, the negative effect of pesticides on biological and natural pest control, governmental 'subsidies' to keep chemical control cheap, the lack of funding for research and implementation of biocontrol, and an expensive, time-consuming regulatory framework. However, inherent positive characteristics of biocontrol contribute to sustainable pest management, a healthier and biodiverse environment, pesticide-free food and improved yields. These characteristics, together with the large-scale natural enemy prospecting programmes, the documentation of the many cases of natural control and the successful regional collaboration on area-wide control of new invasive pests, point at a bright future for biocontrol in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Cassava: breeding and genetics.
Authors: Lebot V. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the various objectives and selection criteria used in cassava breeding. Information on the other aspects of cassava breeding, such as sexual reproduction and sterility, crossing techniques and true seed production, selection methods and programmes, heritability of major traits, genotype environment interactions, use of related species, polyploidy breeding, use of molecular markers, transgenic technologies and germplasm conservation, are also presented.
Aroids: pests and diseases.
Authors: Lebot V. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Aroids (Alocasia, Amorphophallus, Colocasia, Cyrtosperma and Xanthosoma) are fairly robust plants with leathery leaves, which are difficult for most insects to chew. As a group, they are often left to grow without pesticides and still manage to produce significant yields. There are, however, several pests and diseases which deserve attention, especially in intensive, commercial production. This chapter describes the major pests (insects, snails, nematodes) and diseases (caused by bacteria, fungi and viruses) of aroids, and their control measures, including the integrated management technique.
Three-Party Quantum Key Agreement Protocol Based on Continuous Variable Single-Mode Squeezed States*
Authors: Zhou Yi-Hua , Tan Jing , Zhang Jing , Shi Wei-Min , Yang Yu-Guang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The difficulty of quantum key agreement is to realize its security and fairness at the same time. This paper presents a new three-party quantum key agreement protocol based on continuous variable single-mode squeezed state. The three parties participating in the agreement are peer entities, making same contributions to the final key. Any one or two participants of the agreement cannot determine the shared key separately. The security analysis shows that the proposed protocol can resist both external and internal attacks.
Periodic Orbits Around Kerr Sen Black Holes*
Authors: Liu Chang-Qing , Ding Chi-Kun , Jing Ji-Liang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We investigate periodic orbits and zoom-whirl behaviors around a Kerr Sen black hole with a rational number q in terms of three integers (z,w,v), from which one can immediately read off the number of leaves (or zooms), the ordering of the leaves, and the number of whirls. The characteristic of zoom-whirl periodic orbits is the precession of multi-leaf orbits in the strong-field regime. This feature is analogous to the counterpart in the Kerr space-time. Finally, we analyze the impact of the charge parameter b on the zoom-whirl periodic orbits. Compared to the periodic orbits around the Kerr black hole, it is found that typically lower energies are required for the same orbits in the Kerr Sen black hole.
Magnetohydrodynamic Stagnation Point Flow of a Maxwell Nanofluid with Variable Conductivity
Authors: Irfan M. , Khan M. , Khan W. A. , Alghamdi M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article reports the simultaneous properties of variable conductivity and chemical reaction in stagnation point flow of magneto Maxwell nanofluid. The Buongiorno’s theory has been established to picture the inducement of Brownian and thermophrotic diffusions effects. Additionally, the aspect of heat sink/source is reported. The homotopic analysis method (HAM) has been worked out for the solution of nonlinear ODEs. The behavior of inferential variables on the velocity, temperature, concentration and local Nusselt number for Maxwell nanofluid are sketched and discussed. The attained outcomes specify that both the temperature and concentration of Maxwell fluid display analogous behavior, while the depiction of Brownian motion is quite conflicting on both temperature and concentration fields. It is further noted that the influence of variable thermal conductivity on temperature field is similar to that of Brownian motion parameter. Moreover, for the confirmation of our study comparison tables are reported.
Engineering nodal topological phases in Ising superconductors by magnetic superstructures
Authors: Głodzik Szczepan , Ojanen Teemu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Recently it was discovered that superconductivity in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is strongly affected by an out-of-plane spin–orbit coupling. In addition, new techniques of fabricating 2d ferromagnets on van der Waals materials are rapidly emerging. Combining these breakthroughs, we propose a realization of nodal topological superconductivity in TMDs by fabricating nanostructured ferromagnets with an in-plane magnetization on the top surface. The proposed procedure does not require application of external magnetic fields and applies to monolayer and multilayer (bulk) systems. The signatures of the topological phase include Majorana flat bandsthat can be directly observed by scanning tunneling microscopy techniques. We concentrate on NbSe2 and argue that the proposed structures demonstrating the nodal topological phase can be realized within existing technology.
CFD-based fire spread visualization for improvement of road tunnel safety
Authors: Glasa J , Valasek L , Weisenpacher P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Teaching and training of operators of road and highway tunnels are necessary to increase their preparedness for incidents accompanied by fire and ensure safe tunnel operation. For such purposes Tunnel Traffic & Operation Simulator (TTOS) is used in Slovakia. TTOS is capable to simulate various types of emergency situations in 1 km long twin tube virtual highway tunnel with longitudinal ventilation including scenarios of car accidents accompanied by fire. However, TTOS does not provide information about the fire dynamics and smoke stratification. In this paper, the use of the well-known CFD-based Fire Dynamics Simulator for creating a series of didactic videos is illustrated. The videos demonstrate the smoke propagation and time evolution of temperature, air flow velocity and visibility for selected fire scenarios. They have been implemented into the TTOS environment and became available for tunnel operators.
Numerical Simulation of Non-Equilibrium Isochoric Phase Transitions in Hydrocarbon Mixtures
Authors: Aglyamova A I , Indrupskiy I M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Numerical simulations of phase behavior in multicomponent hydrocarbon mixtures is an essential part of petroleum reservoir engineering practice. Almost all industry-adopted models are based on equilibrium assumptions. The condition of Gibbs energy minimum, or equality of chemical potentials, combined with the equation of state (EoS), e.g. the Peng-Robinson EoS, for each phase and with balance conditions for concentrations are used to compute phase mole fractions and compositions (component concentrations in the phases). However, experimental and field data show that in a number of important real situations equilibrium assumptions are not valid. In the previous study of Indrupskiy et al. (Computational Geosciences, 21(5), 2017) a unified model and numerical algorithms were presented for isothermal non-equilibrium phase behavior simulations in petroleum engineering applications. The model is based on the relaxation equation for the component chemical potentials difference between phases. It was verified on field data; however, only integral behavior of the system (a gas-condensate reservoir) was available to be matched. In the current study, we extended the non-equilibrium model to isochoric processes and developed a numerical algorithm which allowed to perform direct simulation of laboratory experiments with a multicomponent hydrocarbon mixture and validate the non-equilibrium model. The experimental data were successfully matched with the model simulations. The model and algorithm are suitable for equilibrium and non-equilibrium isochoric phase behavior simulations with synthetic and real multicomponent hydrocarbon mixtures (oils and gas-condensates).
Case study in which the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm responds with pure states
Authors: Marinho Eraldo P. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A theoretical essay is presented on a particular type of balanced functions that allow the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm to produce pure state instead of mixed states. Such results occur if and only if the balanced functions are linear combinations (modulo 2) of a set of balanced clock functions, that is, clock functions with periods that are power of 2.
Pole representation of the dislocation segment generalized susceptibility diagonal matrix elements
Authors: Bataronov I L , Dezhin V V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Diagonal elements of the generalized susceptibility matrix in the form of expansion in a series of poles are presented. Screw dislocation segment considered. The calculation of the series coefficients for different values of the dislocation segment normalized lengths has been carried out. The real and imaginary parts of the diagonal matrix elements are calculated. The results of the calculations are presented in the figures. The figures show a good agreement of the diagonal matrix elements direct calculation results with the calculation carried out in this work.
The SAPBC Method on local, non-Cluster updates algorithms of Monte Carlo simulation: A study on more convergence of spin correlation at critical temperature.
Authors: Najafi Amin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this method, we propose computational technique of Screw-Antisymmetric Periodic Boundary Condition (SAPBC Method) on local, non-cluster update algorithms of Isotropic square lattice Ising model of Monte Carlo simulations, as well. The SAPBC Method, actually, is an extended mixed method of Screw (helical) and Antisymmetric periodic boundary conditions beyond connection from of nearest neighbor spin of the main lattice to even far away block of the outer (foreign) neighbor spin arrays. Here, meanwhile of description of geometry exact details of method and way of spin interaction, have applied to critical slowing down in order to achieve more convergence of spin correlation at critical temperature. Actually, in general, at critical temperature algorithms performed by using SAPBC Method have faster correlation and much shorter autocorrelation time than algorithms performed by using PBC Method. We will also see that autocorrelation function for the typewriter Metropolis algorithm was found to be zero at high temperatures. For low temperatures it fell to zero and stayed there. The SAPBC Method also confirms and consists with the law of the spatial correlation length with its dynamical critical exponent. Therefore, it can be used as a trenchant method applied to boundary conditions of Monte Carlo simulation problems extending on a variety of other models such as XY-Pots-Heisenberg model and also cluster algorithms such as Wolf, Swendsen-Wangas, Hoshen-Koppelman as well.
Remarkable effects of dirty limit on superconducting condensate
Authors: González J E , Durán F , González J D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Using heterostructures that combine a two superconductor (Nb-Pb). We demonstrate the modulation of the superconducting condensate at the nanoscale via variation of mean-free path. The modulation of superconductivity can be obtained not only for chosing smaller superconducting lengths comparing with bulk superconducting length or considering several geometric shapes, but also whether strong local dopping effect can be produced over the superficial area of the superconductor. Through this mechanism, a nanoscale pattern of two condensates regions can be created in the superconductor. This yields a magenetization curves that has no counterpart in the literature. We show that this form of modulation based on the possibity of change mean-free path represent a groundbreaking prospects in the study of the effects that might exploit unique superconducting properties, due to allows the manipulation of magnetic flux quanta.
Cosmological model of F (T) gravity with fermion fields via Noether symmetry
Authors: Myrzakulov Nurgissa , Bekov Sabit , Myrzakulova Shamshyrak , Myrzakulov Ratbay 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this article, we investigate the modified F (T ) gravity, which is non-minimally coupled with the Dirac (fermion) field in Friedmann-Robertson-Walker space-time. Point-like Lagrangian is derived and modified Friedmann equations and Dirac equations for the fermion field are obtained by using the Lagrange multiplier. The Noether symmetry method related to differential equations is a useful tool for studying conserved quantities. In addition, this method is very useful for determining the unknown functions that exist in the point-like Lagrangian. Using this method, the form of the coupling between gravity and matter, the self-consistent potential, the symmetry generators, the form of F (T ) gravity and the first integral (Noether charge) or a conserved quantity for this model are determined. Cosmological solutions that have a power-law form and describe the late time accelerated expansion of the Universe are obtained.
Flood estimation for Zhabay River Basin in Akmola region
Authors: Rakhimzhanov B.K. , Murat A. , Shaikhova G.N. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The aim of the study is to carry out the flood frequency analysis of the Zhabay River Basin in the Akmola region. Powell probability distribution was employed for simulating the future flood discharge scenarios using annual peak flow data (2011–2018) from the gauging station of the Zhabay River. The predicted design floods of various return periods (T) i.e., 2, 2.33, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 250, 500 and 1000 were obtained.
Homogenization of the elasticity problem with periodically located cracks
Authors: Egorova Alena A. , Neustroeva Natalia V. , Afanaseva Nadezhda M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this paper we study the nonlinear problem of elasticity with periodically located cracks. On the edges of these cracks non-penetration conditions are given, which leads to a variational inequality. The period of distribution of cracks, as well as their sizes, depends on the small parameter.
In this work the corresponding varational problem and its homogenized problems are presented. We derive the necessary estimates for the theorem about convergence of the solutions of the variational inequality to the solution of the homogenised problem. For the first corrector of the classical asymptotic expansion we construct a penalty equation and a linear iterative equation in integral form. The convergence theorems for corresponding problems are formulated.
Fostering mathematical logical intelligence in primary school students
Authors: Patiño R A Márquez , Pérez H J Gallardo , Ortega M Vergel 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Education must form thinking people, who develop all their potentialities, among them, those referring to mathematical logical intelligence. The objective is to elaborate a didactic proposal that fosters mathematical logical intelligence in students. For this, the research was framed in a quantitative approach with fieldwork design and at a descriptive level. The survey was applied as a technique and as instruments a questionnaire for teachers and a test for students. The population was made up of all teachers and students in basic primary education. An intentional non-probability sample was applied, made up of 22 teachers who attend primary school programs and 30 students of the same educational level. The results identify the lack of strategies related to the processes of classification, serialization, and number of primary school teachers during their pedagogical work. Next, we describe the shortcomings that students have in applying mathematical logic processes in a series of activities proposed in the evaluative test. Finally, didactic strategies are defined according to the conditions of the learning environment analyzed so that from the work of the classroom it is possible to promote logical mathematical intelligence, since cognitive stimulation in the student by means of learning experiences according to the level of development allows to reach levels of thought of greater complexity.
Lean six sigmas in academic processes
Authors: Rojas-Suarez J P , Gómez-Colmenares C , Vergel-Ortega M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The objective of the research was to analyse the influence of the Lean Six Sigma management strategy on the process management of the master in mathematical education of the Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, San José de Cúcuta, Colombia. The research follows a quantitative approach of field type correlational level. For the analysis and interpretation of the information, tools of diagramming, process mapping, descriptive and multivariate analysis, hierarchical, capacity studies, analysis of measurement systems, design of experiments, error tests and control charts were used. Once the lean six sigma philosophy is implemented, continuous improvement is observed, improvements in process capacity, 99.9% effectiveness in measurement variables, improvement in perceptions of the academic and administrative community, and process standardization, the impact of the application of Lean six sigma in a program is evaluated, demonstrating an efficient flow of its products and processes.