bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ambient Chemical Fixation of CO2 Using a Robust Ag27 Cluster‐Based Two‐Dimensional Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Zhao Meihua , Huang Shan , Fu Qiang , Li Weifeng , Guo Rui , Yao Qingxia , Wang Fenglong , Cui Ping , Tung Chen‐Ho , Sun Di 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUnprecedented double S2− templated Ag27 clusters have been stabilized by 5,10,15,20‐tetra(4‐pyridyl)porphyrin (TPyP‐H2) ligands to afford a robust 2D metal–organic framework (Ag27‐MOF). This silver cluster‐assembled material serves as a highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the cyclization of both terminal and internal propargylamines with CO2 under atmospheric pressure. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations illustrate that the high catalytic activity and broad substrate scope are attributable to the saddle‐shaped metallic node in Ag27‐MOF, which features an accessible platform with high‐density silver atoms as π‐Lewis acid sites for activating C≡C triple bonds. As a result, different sterically hindered alkyne substrates can be effectively activated through π‐interactions with these cationic silver centers.
The Polarization Effect in Surface‐Plasmon‐Induced Photocatalysis on Au/TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Gao Yuying , Nie Wei , Zhu Qianhong , Wang Xun , Wang Shengyang , Fan Fengtao , Li Can 
Published: July 2020

AbstractControlling the interaction of polarization light with an asymmetric nanostructure such as a metal/semiconductor heterostructure provides opportunities for tuning surface plasmon excitation and near‐field spatial distribution. However, light polarization effects on interfacial charge transport and the photocatalysis of plasmonic metal/semiconductor photocatalysts are unclear. Herein, we reveal the polarization dependence of plasmonic charge separation and spatial distribution in Au/TiO2 nanoparticles under 45° incident light illumination at the single‐particle level using a combination of photon‐irradiated Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and electromagnetic field simulation. We quantitatively uncover the relationship between the local charge density and polarization angle by investigating the polarization‐dependent surface photovoltage (SPV). The plasmon‐induced photocatalytic activity is enhanced when the polarization direction is perpendicular to the Au/TiO2 interface.
Cationic Lipid‐based Intracellular Delivery of Bacterial Effectors for Rewiring Malignant Cell Signaling
Authors: Yang Shaojun , Tang Qiao , Chen Long , Chang Jin , Jiang Tian , Zhao Jingyi , Wang Ming , Chen Peng R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe abundance of bacterial effectors have inspired us to explore their potential in rewiring malignant cell signaling. Their incapability for entering cells, however, hinders such application. Herein we developed a cationic lipid‐based high throughput library screening platform for effective intracellular delivery of bacterial effectors. As the misregulated MAPK signaling is a hallmark of many types of cancer, we turned to the Shigella effector OspF which irreversibly inactivates ERK, the terminal component of MAPK cascade. We created a function‐based screening assay to obtain AMPA‐O16B lipid nanoparticles for effective OspF intracellular delivery, which inhibited the malignant MAPK signaling and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the optimized lipid nanoparticle formulation can deliver OspF to modulate the immunosuppressive responses in macrophages. Our work is a general strategy to explore the therapeutic potentials of naturally evolved bacterial effectors.
Mechanochemical tuning of molecular weight distribution of styrene homopolymers as postpolymerization modification in solvent‐free solid‐state
Authors: Jimenez‐Francisco Milton , Carrillo Jose Gonzalo , Garcia‐Cerda Luis Alfonso 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMechanochemical degradation by planetary ball milling (PM) is used for postpolymerization modification of styrene homopolymers (PS). A complete factorial design was chosen to study the effect of radical scavengers, milling time, initial molecular weight, and revolution radius (Rp), on the shape of molecular weight distributions (MWDs) of PS. Size‐exclusion chromatography analysis shows the feasibility of fine‐tuning MWD of PS at up to 40% conversion. Distributions ranged from unimodal to bimodal in a PM with Rp = 150 mm at different stage of milling, whereas in a PM with Rp of 60.8 mm the adjustment of unimodal distributions is achieved. Initial polydispersity is more important to develop bimodal distributions when compared with initial molecular weight. Fourier transform infrared and X‐ray electron spectrometry analysis show some suppression of PS degradation and complete oxidation inhibition of macromolecular radicals with the incorporation of radical scavengers, which we considered as additional aids when adjusting the MWDs.
A rare complication: Infection in acromegalic renal cysts
Authors: Mori Yuki , Otsuka Yuki , Nakano Yasuhiro , Sakae Hiroyuki , Hasegawa Kou , Otsuka Fumio 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRenal cysts are detected in one third of acromegaly patients, especially in uncontrolled cases. Clinicians should pay attention to unexpected infection of enlarged renal cysts in acromegaly patients.
Steroid‐induced reconstitution of the biliary tree ravaged by IgG4‐related disease
Authors: Özden İlgin , Poyanlı Arzu , Sanlı Yasemin , Kaymakoğlu Sabahattin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe steroid‐induced, rapid healing of the biliary tree ravaged by IgG4‐related disease shows that the point of irreversibility remains to be defined.
Nitrogen‐Incorporated Cobalt Sulfide/Graphene Hybrid Catalysts for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Tong Yun , Sun Qiong , Chen Pengzuo , Chen Lu , Fei Zhaofu , Dyson Paul J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWater electrolysis is an advanced and sustainable energy conversion technology used to generate H2. However, the low efficiency of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) hampers the overall water‐splitting catalytic performance. Here, a hybrid catalyst was constructed from N‐doped CoS2 nanoparticles on N,S‐co‐doped graphene nanosheets (N−CoS2/G) using a facile method, and the catalyst exhibited excellent bifunctional activity. Introduction of N atoms not only promoted the adsorption of reaction intermediates, but also bridged the CoS2 nanoparticles and graphene to improve electron transfer. Moreover, using thiourea as both N‐ and S‐source ensured synthesis of much smaller‐sized nanoparticles with more surface active sites. Surprisingly, the N−CoS2/G exhibited superior catalytic activity with a low overpotential of 260 mV for the OER and 109 mV for the HER at a current density of 10 mA cm−2. The assembled N−CoS2/G : N−CoS2/G electrolyzer substantially expedited overall water splitting with a voltage requirement of 1.58 V to reach 10 mA cm−2, which is superior to most reported Co‐based bifunctional catalysts and other non‐precious‐metal catalysts. This work provides a new strategy towards advanced bifunctional catalysts for water electrolysis.
Drought conditions alter litter decomposition and nutrient release of litter types in an agroforestry system of China
Authors: Xie Tingting , Shan Lishan , Su Peixi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEvaluating how decomposition rates and litter nutrient release of different litter types respond to changes in water conditions is crucial for understanding global carbon and nutrient cycling. However, it is unclear how decreasing water affects litter mixture interactions for the maize–poplar system in arid regions. Here, the responses of the litter decomposition process and litter mixture interactions in the agroforestry system to changes in water conditions (control, light drought, and moderate drought) were tested. Moderate drought significantly decreased the decomposition rate for poplar leaf and mixed litters, and decomposition rate was significantly reduced for maize straw litter in light and moderate drought stress. The mass loss rates of maize straw and mixed litters were significantly higher than that of the poplar leaf litter under drought conditions, but there was no significant difference among the three litter types in the control. There was no interaction between mass loss of the mixed litter in the control and light drought conditions, and the litter mixture interaction showed nonadditive synergistic interactions under moderate drought. In terms of nutrient release, there was also no interaction between litter mixture with nitrogen and carbon, but there was antagonistic interaction with potassium release under the light drought condition. Our results demonstrate that drought conditions can lead to decreasing decomposition rate and strong changes in the litter mixture interactions from additive effects to nonadditive synergistic effects in moderate drought. Moreover, light drought changed the mixture interaction from an additive effect to an antagonistic interaction for potassium release.
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Ducks and the Relationship with Concentrations in Water, Sediment, and Soil
Authors: Sharp Simon , Sardiña Paula , Metzeling Leon , McKenzie Rob , Leahy Paul , Menkhorst Peter , Hinwood Andrea 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The present study examined the occurrence and concentration of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) measured in game ducks (13 compounds), water, sediment, and soils (33 compounds) in waterways in Victoria, Australia. The study aimed to identify potential ecological and human health risks from measured PFAS concentrations. Four species of duck and samples of water, sediment, and soil were collected from 19 wetlands, which were chosen based on their popularity as hunting locations. The risks posed by 3 PFAS (perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorohexane sulfonic acid [PFHxS], and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid [PFOS]) to the environment and human health were assessed using available national ecological and human health guidelines. A diverse range of short- and long-chain carboxylic and sulfonic acids were found in the environment and in ducks. Concentrations were generally low and varied between wetlands, duck species, tissue analyzed (breast or liver), and environmental compartment (water, sediment, soil). Higher PFOS concentrations in water and sediments were observed at wetlands near sources of contamination (i.e., a defense base or urban environment). Elevated PFOS and PFOS + PFHxS concentrations in ducks were observed near local point sources but also at wetlands with no known point sources of contamination. There were clear differences in PFAS concentrations detected in duck tissues versus the environment, highlighting complexities of bioaccumulation, movement of animals, and spatiotemporal variation and raising questions about the relevance of using abiotic criteria to assess risk to biota. Human health risk assessment showed that only ducks inhabiting wetlands near local sources of PFAS were likely to pose a risk to consumers. Further studies are required to improve our knowledge of PFAS toxicokinetics and chronic impacts in biota to guide management decisions. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:846–858. © 2020 SETAC
A comparative study of Saudi Arabia and Bulgarian Rose oil chemical profile: The effect of the technology and geographic origin
Authors: Dobreva Anna , Getchovska Kamelia , Nedeltcheva‐Antonova Daniela 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe chemical composition and aroma profile of seven Rosa damascena Mill. essential oil samples from Saudi Arabia (Al‐Shafa, Al‐Hada and Al‐Taif area) were studied in details by means of gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC‐FID). As a result, more than 120 compounds, containing C3‐C27 carbon atoms, mainly mono‐ and sesquiterpenoids, were identified by GC/MS. Fifty‐two components with concentration >0.01%, which represents 97.5%‐99.5% of the total detected compounds, were quantified by means of GC‐FID. The main compounds of essential oil samples from Saudi Arabia are as follows: citronellol (19.64%‐28.13%), geraniol (18.29%‐27.23%), nerol (7.02%‐14.27%), linalool (2.93%‐7.55%), β‐phenylethyl alcohol (1.77%‐3.87%) and n‐paraffins (13.53%‐30.85%). An olfactory evaluation of the samples was performed, as well. A sample of Bulgarian Rosa damascena Mill. distilled rose oil was analysed in addition, and its chemical profile and olfactive characteristics were compared to these of the oils from Saudi Arabia. The results for the chemical composition of the rose oil samples allowed revealing the similarity between the samples by using cluster analysis. The Saudi Arabia rose oils, despite do not fully comply with the ISO 9842:2003 standard for rose oil, reveal a high olfactive potential.
Induction chemotherapy for locally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer: Single institution experience
Authors: Dagan Or , Moore Assaf , Nachalon Yuval , Alkan Uri , Biadsee Ameen , Shochat Isaac , Popovtzer Aron 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe role of induction chemotherapy (IC) in locally‐advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC) is unclear.MethodsA retrospective study of 104 patients with LAHNSCC of the larynx and hypopharynx, treated with IC or up‐front chemoradiotherapy (CRT).ResultsEighty patients received CRT and 24 IC followed by CRT; median follow up was 51.33 months. IC significantly improved median overall survival (OS) in the hypopharyngeal cancer group (64.7 vs 21 months, P = .003); with significant difference in the proportion of complete response at first imaging assessment post definitive CRT; no significant difference in disease free survival (DFS), loco‐regional or distant failure in the hypopharyngeal cancer group; or OS and DFS in the laryngeal cancer group. Patients with laryngeal cancer had significantly better median OS than those with hypopharyngeal cancer.ConclusionsIC significantly improved complete response rates after CRT, and improved outcomes for patients with locally advanced hypopharyngeal, not laryngeal, cancers.
Retracted: A kinase‐interacting protein 1 may serve as a potential biomarker for deteriorative tumor features and poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients
Authors: Lin Rongbo , Zhao Shen , Su Liyu , Chen Xiaohui , Xu Chunwei , He Qinliang , Zhuo Changhua , Ye Yunbin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the association of A kinase‐interacting protein 1 (AKIP1) expression with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in gastric cancer patients.MethodsData of 260 gastric cancer patients were retrospectively reviewed. AKIP1 expression in tumor tissue and non‐cancerous tissue specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry and semi‐quantitatively scored according to the staining intensity and density. Moreover, the clinicopathological features were retrieved, and disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated.ResultsA kinase‐interacting protein 1 expression was increased in tumor tissues compared with non‐cancerous tissues (P < .001). In terms of tumor features, tumor AKIP1 high expression correlated with elevated T stage (P < .001) and raised TNM stage (P = .042), while did not correlate with pathological grade (P > .999), tumor size (P = .060), N stage (P = .180), or tumor location (P > .999). Meanwhile, tumor AKIP1 was not associated with the non‐tumor features either. Kaplan‐Meier curves disclosed that AKIP1 high expression patients had shorter DFS (P = .004) and OS (P = .043) compared with AKIP1 low expression patients. Univariate Cox's regression showed that AKIP1 high expression correlated with shorter DFS (P = .005, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.635) and OS (P = .046, HR = 1.519), whereas multivariate Cox's regression displayed that AKIP1 did not independently predict worse DFS (P = .172, HR = 1.276) or shorter OS (P = .433, HR = 1.183).ConclusionA kinase‐interacting protein 1 may serve as a potential biomarker for deteriorative tumor features and poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients.
High‐power, short‐duration ablation during Box isolation for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kumagai Koichiro , Toyama Hideko 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundIt has been demonstrated that a high‐power, short‐duration (HPSD) ablation during pulmonary vein (PV) isolation is effective and safe. However, studies about the HPSD ablation during the posterior wall isolation, the Box isolation (BOXI), are limited. We evaluated the efficacy, feasibility, and safety of HPSD ablation during BOXI.MethodsOne‐hundred sixty patients with all types of atrial fibrillation underwent BOXI with HPSD ablation (n = 80) or conventional technique (n = 80). In the HPSD group, ablation was performed with 50 W and a target lesion size index of 5.0 using a contact force (CF) sensing catheter. Ablation near the esophagus was performed with 50 W for 5 seconds and a CF < 10 g. In the conventional group, ablation was performed with 30‐40 W for 30 seconds, but 20 W near the esophagus.ResultsThe BOXI creation (26 ± 8 minutes vs 47 ± 17 minutes, P < .0001) and procedure (65 ± 12 minutes vs 87 ± 23 minutes, P < .0001) times were significantly shorter in the HPSD group than the conventional group. The number of pacing capture sites did not differ between the two groups. No complications including gastrointestinal symptoms occurred. The atrial tachyarrhythmia‐free rate at 12‐months after a single procedure was 86.3% in the HPSD group and 76.3% in the conventional group, respectively (P = .132). The incidence of PV reconnections and gaps in the lines during the second procedure did not differ between the two groups.ConclusionThe BOXI with HPSD ablation is effective, feasible, and safe with short BOXI creation and procedure times without reducing the clinical outcomes.
Recent Advances in Femtosecond Laser Processing of LiNbO3 Crystals for Photonic Applications
Authors: Zhang Bin , Wang Lei , Chen Feng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFemtosecond laser pulses have been extensively employed to achieve 3D micro‐ and nanofabrication in various materials for a broad variety of applications. LiNbO3 crystal is a multifunctional material due to its combination of a number of excellent properties. By using femtosecond laser direct writing, various structures have been fabricated in LiNbO3 crystals based on the refractive index changes, surface morphology modifications, or domain structures to realize intriguing applications in integrated photonics. Herein, a state‐of‐the‐art review is provided on the femtosecond laser processing of LiNbO3 crystals, including the fabrication of diverse photonic structures and applications in nonlinear optics. To conclude, a brief outlook with a few potential spotlights is presented.
ASPEN Report on Nutrition Support Practice Processes With COVID‐19: The First Response
Authors: Wells Mulherin Diana , Walker Renee , Holcombe Beverly , Guenter Peggi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has changed nutrition care processes in hospitals and in the home setting. This paper summarizes clinician reports on these changed processes, including overall nutrition care, nutrition assessment, enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition care steps, and food and oral supplement delivery. Also included are teaching, logistics, and personnel issues around changes in the work environment. Use of safe, standardized, evidence‐based processes in the face of altered care patterns is critical.
A posteriori error estimation for numerical model reduction in computational homogenization of porous media
Authors: Ekre Fredrik , Larsson Fredrik , Runesson Kenneth , Jänicke Ralf 
Published: July 2020

SummaryNumerical model reduction is adopted for solving the microscale problem that arizes from computational homogenization of a model problem of porous media with displacement and pressure as unknown fields. A reduced basis is obtained for the pressure field using (i) spectral decomposition (SD) and (ii) proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). This strategy has been used in previous work—the main contribution of this article is the extension with an a posteriori estimator for assessing the error in (i) energy norm and in (ii) a given quantity of interest. The error estimator builds on previous work by the authors; the novelty presented in this article is the generalization of the estimator to a coupled problem, and, more importantly, to accommodate the estimator for a POD basis rather than the SD basis. Guaranteed, fully computable and low‐cost bounds are derived and the performance of the error estimates is demonstrated via numerical results.
Robust model predictive control of a micro machine tool for tracking a periodic force signal
Authors: Wang Yuzhang , Geng Yanquan , Yan Yongda , Wang Jiqiang , Fang Zhuo 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThe micro machine tool that can produce nanostructures by force modulation approach plays a significant role in nanotechnology. In this paper, to guarantee fast and high‐precision cutting subject to external disturbances and input saturation, a robust model predictive control (MPC) using a tube‐based method is exploited to develop a controller for the machining system consisting of a piezoelectric tube (PZT) actuator, a force sensor and a cutting tool, which updates the state of the art. In particular, the dynamic model of the machining system, with the voltage fed into PZT being input and the cutting force being output, is identified by incorporating the map between the cutting force and the displacement of PZT. Based on the voltage‐force dynamic model, a tube‐based MPC controller that consists of two optimizers is used to make PZT actuator track a desired periodic force signal. Finally, the effectiveness of the MPC method for force signal tracking under different frequencies is validated and advantages over the conventional proportional integral controller are also shown in the presence of the constraints of saturated input and external disturbances via numerical simulations.
Functional dosing of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles for the prevention of acute graft-versus-host-disease
Authors: Dal Collo Giada , Adamo Annalisa , Gatti Alessandro , Tamellini Edoardo , Bazzoni Riccardo , Takam Kamga Paul , Tecchio Cristina , Quaglia Francesca Maria , Krampera Mauro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Graft-vs-host-disease (GvHD) is currently the main complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Mortality and morbidity rates are particularly high, especially in steroid-refractory acute GvHD (aGvHD). Immune regulatory human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hMB-MSCs) represent a therapeutic approach to address this issue. Unfortunately, their effect is hardly predictable in vivo due to several variables, that is, MSC tissue origin, concentration, dose number, administration route and timing, and inflammatory status of the recipient. Interestingly, human bone marrow MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (hBM-MSC-EVs) display many of the hBM-MSC immunoregulatory properties due to their content in paracrine factors that greatly varies according to the collection method. In this study, we focused on the immunological characterization of hBM-MSC-EVs on their capability of inducing regulatory T-cells (T-regs) both in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model of aGvHD. We correlated these data with the aGvHD incidence and degree following hBM-MSC-EV intravenous administration. Thus, we first quantified the EV immunomodulation in vitro in terms of EV immunomodulatory functional unit (EV-IFU), that is, the lowest concentration of EVs leading in vitro to at least threefold increase of the T-regs compared with controls. Second, we established the EV therapeutic dose in vivo (EV-TD) corresponding to 10-fold the in vitro EV-IFU. According to this approach, we observed a significant improvement of both mouse survival and control of aGvHD onset and progression. This study confirms that EVs may represent an alternative to whole MSCs for aGvHD prevention, once the effective dose is reproducibly identified according to EV-IFU and EV-TD definition.