bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synoptic assessment of coastal total alkalinity through community science
Authors: Rheuban J E , Gassett P R , McCorkle D C , Hunt C W , Liebman M , Bastidas C , O’Brien-Clayton K , Pimenta A R , Silva E , Vlahos P , Woosley R J , Ries J , Liberti C M , Grear J , Salisbury J , Brady D C , Guay K , LaVigne M , Strong A L , Stancioff E , Turner E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Comprehensive sampling of the carbonate system in estuaries and coastal waters can be difficult and expensive because of the complex and heterogeneous nature of near-shore environments. We show that sample collection by community science programs is a viable strategy for expanding estuarine carbonate system monitoring and prioritizing regions for more targeted assessment. ‘Shell Day’ was a single-day regional water monitoring event coordinating coastal carbonate chemistry observations by 59 community science programs and seven research institutions in the northeastern United States, in which 410 total alkalinity (TA) samples from 86 stations were collected. Field replicates collected at both low and high tides had a mean standard deviation between replicates of 3.6 ± 0.3 µmol kg−1 (σ
mean ± SE, n = 145) or 0.20 ± 0.02%. This level of precision demonstrates that with adequate protocols for sample collection, handling, storage, and analysis, community science programs are able to collect TA samples leading to high-quality analyses and data. Despite correlations between salinity, temperature, and TA observed at multiple spatial scales, empirical predictions of TA had relatively high root mean square error >48 µmol kg−1. Additionally, ten stations displayed tidal variability in TA that was not likely driven by low TA freshwater inputs. As such, TA cannot be predicted accurately from salinity using a single relationship across the northeastern US region, though predictions may be viable at more localized scales where consistent freshwater and seawater endmembers can be defined. There was a high degree of geographic heterogeneity in both mean and tidal variability in TA, and this single-day snapshot sampling identified three patterns driving variation in TA, with certain locations exhibiting increased risk of acidification. The success of Shell Day implies that similar community science based events could be conducted in other regions to not only expand understanding of the coastal carbonate system, but also provide a way to inventory monitoring assets, build partnerships with stakeholders, and expand education and outreach to a broader constituency.
Continuous coexistency preservers on effect algebras
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Authors: Mori Michiya , Šemrl Peter 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Let H be a finite-dimensional Hilbert space, dim H ⩾ 2. We prove that every continuous coexistency preserving map on the effect algebra E(H) is either a standard automorphism of E(H), or a standard automorphism of E(H) composed with the orthocomplementation. We present examples showing the optimality of the result.
Statistical assessment of damnification risk due to inconformity of paint coating quality
Authors: Loganina V , Uchaeva T 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Provides information about the values of the risk of paint and coatings mismatch with the requirements of regulatory documentation. Risk considered as the probability of an adverse event. The probability of destruction of the adhesion strength of paintwork coatings of building products and structures is considered. The probability of destruction of the paintwork was calculated taking into account the Laplace function. It is established that the probability of paint coating adhesive destruction is minimal. The risk was calculated as expected damage. The values of risk as expected damage because of coating adhesive destruction are from 0.068 to 11.18 rubles per square meter depending on the coating type.
Acoustic method for measurement of crack width in concrete
Authors: Perfilov V A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of research and experimental studies aimed at measurement of crack width in concrete under the impact of mechanical loading. During the research, the author simultaneously measured load, deformation, crack width, acoustic emission gross counting by tensiometric and acoustic methods and obtained full diagrams of concrete deformation. The experiments resulted in regression equations and their combined diagrams showing relation between acoustic emission gross counting and mechanical loading level. The author identified the parameters of macro-crack initiation and their width in lightweight concrete depending on the value of the applied load. The conducted experiments and statistic processing of the data produced the correlation between the crack width and acoustic emission gross counting.
Production process of dolomite-based facing building materials
Authors: Khuziahmetov R Kh , Ibragimov R A , Khuziahmetova R N 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper presents comparative data on the strengths and weaknesses of glass-magnesite sheets (GMS) and glass dolomite sheets (GDS). It is shown that, over time, the GDS samples change their geometric dimensions more than their GMS counterparts. As established, this is primarily due to the low MgO activity of caustic dolomite (CD), sub-optimal composition of the raw materials, and the large size of particles. The paper proposes a method for activating caustic dolomite by ultrafine grinding in a device with an external electromagnetic layer (vortex-layer device, VLD). A formulation of laboratory GDS samples based on activated caustic dolomite has been developed. It has been found that the strength of the obtained GDS samples is much higher (up to 4-8 MPa). Furthermore, they do not change their geometric shapes (no deformation of samples is observed during the warranty period). Also developed is a production process scheme for GDS samples based on activated CD and a three-dimensional production model.
Piezooptical properties of ice
Authors: Zhurbenko A O , Likhachev A V , Tabanykhova M V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In connection with the use of ice as a building material, it is interesting to study its strength characteristics. To increase the strength of ice, the ice matrix was reinforced by adding various materials of natural origin. The greatest significance in this study is the assessment of the stress-strain state of ice composites. The possibility of the photoelasticity method applimentation to obtain stress fields in ice composites was considered. Due to the lack of data about the piezo-optical properties of ice, we performed numerous studies in this direction. As a result of research, it was found that it is not possible to quantify the piezo-optical properties of ice, because ice has a low optical sensitivity, high brittleness, and the ability to melt at room temperature. It is possible to qualitatively characterize stress fields, identify stress concentrators, and describe the effect of reinforcing materials on the stress state of the ice matrix using the photoelasticity method. The use of ice-composite materials in the Arctic is a promising direction.
Solving the contact problem when strengthening the slab with a beam using discontinuous functions
Authors: Kobelev E A , Lukashevich N K 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Problems of contact interaction of structures and their parts have a wide range of applications in construction. In particular, this problem arises during the reconstruction of existing buildings, when strengthen of floor slabs is required to increase their bearing capacity. In this case, the contact of the slab with the strengthening beams occurs along a continuous line of a given shape with a contact zone unknown in advance. In this paper, with the aim of constructing high-accuracy numerical-analytical solutions for the contact problem while keeping some series members, the mathematical apparatus of the theory of generalized functions is widely used. To solve the structurally nonlinear problem of strengthening the floor slab with an elastic beam, a step-by-step loading method is used. At each step, the deflection functions, the length of the contact segment, the value of the reaction along the contact segment are determined and the working scheme of the plate-beam reinforcement system is specified from the minimum functional condition of the potential energy of the contacting elastic elements. Using the proposed numerical-analytical approach, we obtained and analyzed solutions to the problem of one-sided support of a slab to an elastic gain beam. Due to the twodimensional approximation of the function of a slab deflection by discontinuous functions, the proposed approach shows satisfactory convergence, stability and accuracy of the solution while keeping some terms of the series.
Investigation of the deformation of elastic rods under thermomechanical loading
Authors: Brzhanov R T , Baysarova G G 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article aims to provide information on ongoing research with coverage of preliminary results. Analysis of the state of the rods theory is one of the intensively developing parts of mechanics since the second half of the XIX-th century. Soviet scientists made a significant contribution to the development of rods theory and applied calculation methods. Based on these methods, a number of practically important problems have been solved. The works were mainly related to the theory of elastic rods. From the analysis of the work performed, we proposed a solution to the deformation of elastic rods under thermomechanical loading in a nonlinear formulation from the standpoint of modern systems of numerical analysis. The purpose of this article is to develop the methods for calculating nonlinear problems of the deformation of rods under thermomechanical loading using modern problemsolving systems. The solution of the nonlinear problem in the general setting is extremely hard. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a methodology that takes into account the features of deformation and will be available to specialists when designing the elements of engineering and building of rod structures.
The value of the intensity of wear to ensure the durability of multi-apartment housing in the renovation of residential areas
Authors: Khotamov A T 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Most of the apartment houses belonging to several “generations”, which exist in different regions of the Republic, today have a different level of technical condition. The purpose of this study is to determine the process of wear and aging of building structures and buildings in multi – apartment buildings in General in order to clarify the durability of residential blocks for subsequent planning of their renovation. The results of the study show that the indicator of longevity of multi-family residential buildings in many cases depends on the quality of operation. The actual service life of certain parts of buildings, such as foundations, walls, and coverings, is also set, depending on the location in the region. Significant factors that negatively affect the durability of buildings, such as salinity of the soil, increase in the level of groundwater, are determined. In conclusion, it is noted that the results of this study are adapted to the effective use of the housing stock for sustainable development from the point of view of safety in the development of a phased renovation program for the future development of cities.
Selection of the optimal parameters of a reinforced concrete rectangular beam with single reinforcement
Authors: Kuznetsov V S , Shaposhnikova Yu A , Yandiev A A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to the problem of choosing the optimal parameters of reinforced concrete rectangular beams with single reinforcement. The analysis of the dependence of the cost of a single-span hinged-supported reinforced concrete beam on the selected parameters of its cross section under the action of a uniformly distributed load. The optimal range of cross-sectional parameters of reinforced concrete articulated beams (height, width, class of concrete and reinforcement, area and reinforcement pitch) was determined depending on the value of the uniformly distributed external load. Strength calculation of reinforced concrete beams is based on the traditional method given in the SR.63.13330.2018 “Concrete and reinforced concrete structures.” The cost of reinforced concrete beams was calculated under the influence of various uniformly distributed loads. The first option, where the width of the beams was constant and the section heights varied between 250 and 1000 mm. The second option, when the heights of the beams were taken equal, and the widths of the beams were in the range from 100 to 500 mm. The recommended height and width of the beam section for the specified value span in the investigated range of loads was set.
Method for calculating deflections of beams made of rubber concrete
Authors: Polikutin A E , Levchenko A V , Potapov Yu B 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In many bending elements, the defining calculation for ensuring the normal operation of the structure is the calculation of deflections, it is this characteristic of the structure, in particular the beams, that determines the section dimensions of the element, to ensure the necessary rigidity of structures. In view of this, the use of many polymer concrete as a material for the manufacture of bending structures becomes impossible due to the high deformation-as a consequence of the low elastic modulus. Our proposed polymer concrete based on liquid rubber (rubcon) has high compressive and tensile strengths, while the elastic modulus corresponds to ordinary cement concrete class B25. The introduction of fiber filaments into the material structure slightly increases these characteristics, and the rubber concrete obtained in this way with fiber reinforcement is called fiber rubcon. In order to ensure the possibility of calculating by way of determining the deflections of rubcon structures with cracks, we apply the principle of strain averaging of V.I. Murashov, while the uneven distribution of strains in the rubcon was taken into account by the coefficient ψk, the polymer concrete work between cracks is taken into account by the coefficient ψs, which are determined similarly to V.I. Murashov, A.S. Zalesov methods.
Research of multiple metal rods joining node in spatial construction, using one welding connection
Authors: Alpatov V , Laguta I 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Elements in the nodes of spatial bar structures can be assembled either with bolted connections or with welding. For welded nodal connections, each element should be attached separately. This complicates the process of manufacturing the structure and increases the labour input while assembling this structure. The so-called “tub welding node” does not have such flaws as several bars are joined by a single weld formed during a single pass of the welding machine. The weld of such a node is in a complex stress and strain state. It means that a relatively small weld should constantly take heavy loads. To assess the stress and strain state of the welding node, the researchers conducted numerical studies in the SolidWorks software system. The calculation model of the structural node was based on the results of a particular existing structure examination. These empirical numerical studies revealed that stresses are evenly distributed in the body of the weld, but its surface stresses exceed the stresses inside the weld. There are some areas on the weld surface that exceed the yield strength of steel. Still, the size of these areas is negligible.
The effect of energy dissipation on the dynamic response of reinforced concrete structure
Authors: Fedorova N V , Vu N T , Iliushchenko T A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Solving problems associated with protecting buildings from progressive collapse and minimizing resources is becoming increasingly important. In many countries, ensuring such protection is set in accordance with the requirements of national regulatory documents and, therefore, researches aimed at developing effective ways to protect constructive systems from progressive collapse under special actions are relevant. In this regard, the present work presents studies of the influence of energy dissipation in constructive reinforced concrete elements during their sudden structural rearrangement caused by the removal of one of the supporting elements. The hysteretic dispersion accompanying the nonlinear load-unload cycle of the cross-section during crack formation is taken into account. The damping mechanism of reinforced concrete elements of the constructive system is described by the equivalent viscous damping model, based on the hypothesis of proportionality of the damping force and the oscillation velocity. Approbation of the calculated model is carried out in relation to the reinforced concrete frame structures, the physical models of which were tested under the considered loading regime. A comparison of the experimental and calculated parameters shows the effectiveness of the proposed model for assessing the dynamic response of reinforced concrete structures with cracks under the static-dynamic loading regime.
The use of long-span coating plates in case of reconstruction of “wet” spent nuclear fuel storage facilities
Authors: Belash T , Travin S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Spent nuclear fuel is one of the most dangerous threats on Earth. Its storage is carried out in various facilities, which include stand-alone “wet” storage facilities for spent nuclear fuel (SNFS). Such storage facilities were designed and built decades ago, when there were no industry requirements for accounting for extreme external impacts. Given the design features of the “wet” SNFS, in the event of their reconstruction it is advisable to consider the possibility of replacing the frame part of the structures with monolithic reinforced concrete elements that can withstand earthquakes and other effects of the required intensity.
Accuracy estimate of technological processes as exemplified by construction works
Authors: Baiburin A Kh 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article proposes a calculating method the accuracy of technological processes, taking into account the peculiar features of construction. It gives a graphical interpretation of process accuracy indicators for normal parameter distribution. It shows the differences in approaches to estimating accuracy. It provides actual data on the accuracy of installation works. The method of calculating the process accuracy takes into account the seriousness of defects and the criticality rating of buildings and structures. The article shows the relationship between the indicators of accuracy and defectiveness. The proposed calculation procedure ensures a more accurate estimate of the ratio of the tolerance to the parameter spread. The procedure allows us to estimate the accuracy of construction processes and, if necessary, to adjust the methods of work performance and quality control in order to achieve the specified accuracy.
Energy efficient wall design with stay-in-place formwork
Authors: Kiyanets A V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper we analyze contemporary solutions of external wall structures made of cast-in-situ concrete with the use of stay-in-place formwork panels. The advantages of these systems are to reduce the labor input and construction period and to obtain a variety of architectural and planning concepts for buildings. Such systems are widely used in the world. This study is aimed at solving the issues of energy efficiency of external walls with the use of stay-in-place formwork. Some of the most common design solutions are considered. To determine the energy-efficient solution to the stay-in-place formwork option, we used the method of numerical simulation of heat flow processes in structures using the ELCUT 5.1 program. Based on the data obtained, the following results were achieved: an analysis was made of the applied technologies of stay-in-place formwork used to increase the energy-saving characteristics of residential buildings; the thermo-technical characteristics of the selected solutions by numerical simulation were analyzed.
Technological features of application of plaster solutions with ground quicklime
Authors: Zhadanovsky B V , Bazanov V E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Lime plaster is widely used in new construction, repair and restoration works. The most common are plaster mortars based on killed lime. However, mortars based on ground unkilled lime might be preferable in some cases. They are characterized by fast setting and strength development; intensive heat emission during unkilled lime hydration makes it possible to carry out work at low temperatures. The paper discusses properties of compound plaster mortars based on ground unkilled lime. The dynamics of temperature and fluidity depending on time have been analyzed for different compositions, as well as mortar compression strength dependence on hold duration before usage for work, and time curves of mortar strength depending on the water to lime relation. To clarify requirements to the physical properties of mortars for mechanical applications, mortar fluidity and temperature were measured during mortar transportation in a mortar pump.
Development of lining formwork for column expansion during reconstruction of building and structures
Authors: Abramyan S G , Oganesyan O V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper highlights the relevance of the use of stay-in-place formwork systems in improving the load-bearing capacity of columns by way of their expansion during reconstruction of buildings and structures. The review of a number of scientific publications has revealed that the current phase of development of this topic is seeing increased popularity of lining formworks made of composite materials. Therefore, a new formwork system is proposed, which can be made of various materials, such as: steel fiber reinforced concrete, fiber reinforced foam concrete or the composite material PENACOM. A stay-in-place (lining) formwork consists of regular-course and edge assembly elements (sections) forming two openended three-dimensional U-type shapes (shop-fabricated), which, when coupled, make a square or rectangular configuration of the necessary size. Reliable coupling of the elements is achieved by puzzle connections linked both vertically (to form sections) and horizontally (to form semi-sections). The paper describes the assembling technology for lining formworks and compares it with a conventional small-panel wooden formwork, as well as pneumatic and universal formworks previously developed by the authors with the use of composite materials.
The effectiveness of implementation grid energy storage in power supply systems
Authors: Rybalskya V P 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The most important indicator of the reliability of the power system is the quality of the supplied electricity. The quality of power supply depends on many parameters, the maintenance of which at a given level (voltage, frequency deviation) is carried out using various devices. One of these devices is grid energy storages, allowing you to even out schedules of daily, weekly, seasonal and annual electrical loads. Energy storage devices can also act as an uninterrupted power supply for substations and electrical grids, provide increased dynamic and static stability, and increase the transmission line throughput. However, the use of energy storage to eliminate irregularities in the schedule of generating capacities is not a traditional way. When using energy storage devices, the most important task is to determine their total capacity and energy intensity, as well as the location of the storage devices in the energy system and the economic feasibility of these measures. The criterion for the placement of storage devices is to reduce energy losses when using grid energy storages. In the course of the research, graphic and analytical dependencies of the distribution grid loads were obtained before and after the placement of grid energy storages, depending on the average daily active load.