bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a Simulated Model and Mastery Learning Approach to Teach the Ultrasound‐guided Serratus Anterior Plane Block to Emergency Medicine Residents: A Pilot Study
Authors: Rider Ashley C. , Miller Danielle T. , Ashenburg Nicholas , Duanmu Youyou , Lobo Viveta , Schertzer Kimberly , Sebok‐Syer Stefanie S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) is a safe, single‐injection alternative for pain control in patients with rib fractures. This pilot study aims to teach the ultrasound‐guided SAPB to emergency medicine (EM) residents using a mastery learning approach.MethodsA 19‐item checklist was created and mastery was determined to be 17 of 19 items correct. This pass score was established using a Mastery Angoff standard‐setting exercise with a group of EM experts. Learners participated in baseline testing on a simulated model and performance was assessed by two raters. Learners then watched an instructional video and participated in an individualized teaching session. Learners underwent deliberate practice followed by posttesting until mastery was achieved. Score differences in baseline testing and posttesting were analyzed using a paired t‐test. Pre‐ and posttesting surveys were also completed by participants.ResultsTwenty‐eight PGY‐1 to ‐4 residents volunteered to participate in the study. The range of reported SAPBs seen previously was 0 to 5. The mean (±SD) number of items correct on the checklist for initial testing was 8.5 of 19 (±2.7), while the mean (±SD) final score was 18 of 19 (±0.6; p < 0.001). All participants met mastery standards after the curriculum intervention. Median self‐reported procedural confidence was 2 out of 5 on a 5‐point Likert scale before the session and 5 out of 5 after the session (Z = −4.681, p < 0.001).ConclusionsUsing a mastery learning approach and simulated model, we were able to successfully train EM residents to perform the SAPB at a level of mastery and increase their overall confidence in executing this procedure.
Bilingual family communication and the impact of language anxiety on cortisol reactivity
Authors: Legatzke Hannah , Gettler Lee T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe effects of socially evaluated tasks on stress‐related behavior and physiology are often studied under artificial experimental conditions, such as contrived public speaking. Less is known about these behavioral and physiological dimensions under more routine conditions, such as family interactions. Here, we tested whether language anxiety during bilingual family conversations correlated to cortisol reactivity and speech patterns and whether family members' ages moderated this effect.MethodsIndividuals (N = 34) from Spanish‐English bilingual families participated in prompted conversations in both languages with their family members and provided saliva that we assayed for cortisol. Participants responded to a survey about language anxiety, and we analyzed their conversations for code switching. We tested whether higher reported anxiety was correlated with increased cortisol reactivity and if participants' age moderated this effect.ResultsParticipants' reported language anxiety was not significantly correlated with cortisol reactivity after conversations in either language. However, age significantly moderated the effect of English language anxiety. Among younger individuals, higher English language anxiety was correlated with greater cortisol reactivity after the English conversations. Older individuals did not demonstrate this same pattern. Individuals who code‐switched during the English conversations had higher English language anxiety than individuals who did not. Similar patterns were not observed for the Spanish conversations.ConclusionsThe physiological and verbal responses to English language anxiety may be reflective of the high pressure placed on English use among bilingual families in the U.S., and the greater cortisol reactivity of younger individuals suggests they may face more identity challenging acculturation pressure.
Erector spinae plane block for multiple rib fracture done by an Emergency Physician: A case series
Authors: Kumar Gaurav , Kumar Bhoi Sanjeev , Sinha Tej Prakash , Paul Shubhankar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe erector spinae plane block is a novel ultrasound‐guided technique that has recently been described for the management of rib fracture pain in the emergency department. This block has been used in the post‐operative period and chronic thoracic pain and is usually done by experts of anaesthesia or critical care. Erector spinae plane block is an unexplored domain for rib fracture pain management in emergency department. We highlight the use of this block is a safe and effective block that can be performed by emergency physician in the emergency department settings with point of care ultrasound.
Investigation on curing reaction of phthalonitrile resin with nanosilica and the properties of their glass fiber‐reinforced composites
Authors: Ren Dengxun , Li Bo , Chen Sijing , Xu Mingzhen , Liu Xiaobo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this work, Phthalonitrile containing benzoxazine (BA‐ph) and Bisphenol A based cyanate ester (CE) were chosen as the matrix resin. Various amount of nano‐SiO2 was incorporated into BA‐ph/CE and their glass fiber‐reinforced composite laminates were fabricated. Curing reaction and processability of BA‐ph/CE/SiO2 blends were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic rheological analysis. Results showed that BA‐ph and CE exhibited good processability and curing reaction of BA‐ph/CE was not obviously affected by SiO2. Scanning electron microscope images of the composites showed that SiO2 particles were well dispersed in BA‐ph/CE matrix. Moreover, SiO2 could act as physical crosslinking points and diluent in matrix as well as between the glass fibers to improve the mechanical properties of composite laminates. As the results of dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetry analysis, composite laminates possessed satisfactory Tg and good thermal stability. With incorporation SiO2 particles into matrix resin, dielectric constant and dielectric loss of BA‐ph/CE/SiO2/GF composites were increased and showed frequency dependence.
Confinement effects at nanoscale in natural rubber composites: Influence on macroscopic properties
Authors: Patanair Bindu , Thomas Sabu , Abitha V K , Saiter‐Fourcin Allisson 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe study of molecular level interactions in elastomer composites has got very scant attention even though a large number of studies are going on in this topic. This work embodies the understanding of confinement effects in natural rubber (NR)/ ZnO composites from micro to nano length scales, and their influence on macroscopic properties of the composites. The interactions between fillers and matrix are characterized from the Donth's approach, which allows estimating the cooperativity size Nα at the glass transition, Nα being directly related to the filler‐matrix interactions. The improved properties of NR‐nano ZnO composites can be attributed to microstructural and morphological changes due to nano ZnO in the NR matrix. A correlation between Nα, the constrained volume Cv and the thickness of immobilized polymer chains χm at the glass transition has also been established. Thus, this work proves that the Donth's approach is a powerful probe to estimate the enhance of mechanical properties in nanocomposites from calorimetric investigations.
The third vascular route of the inner ear or the canal of Cotugno: Its topographical anatomy, fetal development, and contribution to ossification of the otic capsule cartilage
Authors: Honkura Yohei , Hayashi Shogo , Abe Hiroshi , Murakami Gen , Rodríguez‐Vázquez José F. , Shibata Shunichi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThree vascular routes to the inner ear are known: (a) through the internal acoustic meatus with the vestibulocochlear nerve; (b) from the endolymphatic duct aperture; and (c) along the canal of Cotugno (CC) inserted into the vestibular part of the ear from the superior or brain side. The third is believed to contain only veins. Examinations of 33 human embryos and fetuses at 6–40 weeks demonstrated that (a) the CC appeared as a recess of epidural mesenchymal tissues at the superior aspect of the otic capsule cartilage in embryos and it was inserted deeply to issue multiple peripheral divisions inferolaterally and posteriorly at midterm; (b) the CC consistently passed through a ring of the superior or anterior semicircular canal and contained both, the arteries from the vestibulocochlear nerve origin at the midbrain and the vein draining into the sigmoid sinus or petrosal sinuses; and (c) the CC appeared not to contribute to ossification of the otic capsule cartilage but, after endochondral ossification of the internal ear, woven bone development occurred along a smooth interface of the CC with the ossified ear. In contrast, another interface between the developing bone and the residual cartilage of the otic capsule was rough and wavy with many short bony columns, called osseous globules. In addition, the endolymphatic duct accompanied veins but no arteries. Our results show that the CC is a major vascular route to the vestibular part of the otic capsule cartilage, but its role appears to be limited after ossification.
Applications of Metal Nanocrystals with Twin Defects in Electrocatalysis
Authors: Li Mengfan , Yuan Yuliang , Yao Zhaoyu , Gao Lei , Zhang Jiawei , Huang Hongwen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractElectrocatalytic energy conversion is one of the most promising pathways to develop clean and renewable energy technologies, and the development of high‐performance electrocatalysts to improve the energy conversion efficiency is of paramount importance. Metal nanocrystals with twin defects possess unique features, including lattice strain and high density of low‐coordinated atoms at the twin boundary, endowing them with excellent catalytic performance in various electrocatalytic reactions. Herein, we briefly summarize recent advances in the synthesis of metal nanocrystals with various twin structures, recent breakthroughs related to electrocatalytic applications of twin metal nanocrystals are also overviewed. Finally, the major challenges and perspectives for future development of twin metal nanocrystals in electrochemical applications are proposed.
Associations between cumulative environmental quality and ten selected birth defects in Texas
Authors: Krajewski Alison K. , Rappazzo Kristen M. , Langlois Peter H. , Messer Lynne C. , Lobdell Danelle T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundCauses of most birth defects are largely unknown. Genetics, maternal factors (e.g., age, smoking) and environmental exposures have all been linked to some birth defects, including neural tube, oral cleft, limb reduction, and gastroschisis; however, the contribution of cumulative exposures across several environmental domains in association with these defects is not well understood.MethodsThe Environmental Quality Index (EQI) and its domains (air, water, land, sociodemographic, built) were used to estimate county‐level cumulative environmental exposures from 2006–2010 and matched to birth defects identified from Texas Birth Defects Registry and live birth records from births in years 2007–2010 (N = 1,610,709). Poisson regression models estimated prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between 10 birth defects and the EQI.ResultsWe observed some positive associations between worst environmental quality and neural tube, anencephaly, spina bifida, oral cleft, cleft palate, cleft lip with and without cleft palate, and gastroschisis [PR range: 1.12–1.55], but near null associations with limb reduction defects. Among domain specific results, we observed the strongest positive associations with the sociodemographic domain across birth defects but varied positive associations among the air and water domains, and negative or null associations with the land and built domains. Overall, few exposure‐response patterns were evident.ConclusionsOur results highlight the complexities of cumulative, simultaneous environmental exposures in the prevalence rates of 10 selected birth defects. We were able to explore the impact of overall and domain specific environmental quality on birth defects and identify potential domain specific drivers of these associations.
Evaluating three methods of the presentation of target stimuli when teaching receptive labels
Authors: Wong Elizabeth , Ferguson Julia L. , Milne Christine M. , Cihon Joseph H. , Leaf Justin B. , McEachin John , Leaf Ronald , Schulze Kim , Rudrud Eric 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPractice recommendations related to using discrete trial teaching (DTT) to teach receptive labels (i.e., auditory–visual conditional discriminations) for individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have included the use of counterbalancing. Counterbalancing involves two major components: (a) ensuring that each stimulus in the set is targeted an equal number of times within each trial block and (b) rotating the stimuli in the array in a manner that evenly distributes the stimuli within the array in each position across a trial block. The purpose of the present study was to compare three varying approaches to the order and number of presentations of target stimuli (i.e., predetermined, constrained, and unconstrained) during a receptive language task using an adapted alternating treatment design with three individuals diagnosed with ASD. The results indicated that, for the three participants, the unconstrained condition was the most efficacious, followed by the constrained condition, and the predetermined condition was the least efficacious with respect to average sessions to reach the mastery criterion. The implications of the results with respect to best practices using DTT to teach receptive language are discussed.
Integration of partners of young women with cancer in oncofertility evidence‐based informational resources
Authors: Gonçalves Vânia , Ferreira Pedro L. , Quinn Gwendolyn P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOncofertility has evolved over the years, with a prodigious amount of research documenting the importance of fertility for young patients with cancer, and the potential impact that fertility impairments due to cancer treatments has on their Quality of Life (QoL). Multiple professional bodies and scientific societies have included fertility as an integral part of clinical management. Clinical guidelines advocate that health professionals have the duty to discuss the risk of infertility and fertility preservation options as early as possible and refer to fertility specialists when appropriate. Collectively, fertility decisions are regarded as difficult for both patients and providers. Since providing fertility‐related information is vital for better decision making, researchers and policy makers have concentrated their efforts in developing educational tools to aid decisions and guidelines to optimize the delivery of this information, focusing mainly on patients‐providers and largely neglecting the role and influence that partners play in this process. Here, we reflect on the importance of partners in fertility decisions, with a focus on the provision of fertility‐related information that is also geared towards partner. We highlight the need to involve partners in fertility discussions, and that their needs should be taken into account in both clinical guidelines and in the development of educational tools, for an optimal decision‐making process.
Densely connected GCN model for motion prediction
Authors: Li Yanran , Qiu Lingteng , Wang Li , Liu Fangde , Wang Zhao , Iulian Poiana Sebastian , Yang Xiaosong , Zhang Jianjun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHuman motion prediction is a fundamental problem in understanding human natural movements. This task is very challenging due to the complex human body constraints and diversity of action types. Due to the human body being a natural graph, graph convolutional network (GCN)‐based models perform better than the traditional recurrent neural network (RNN)‐based models on modeling the natural spatial and temporal dependencies lying in the motion data. In this paper, we develop the GCN‐based models further by adding densely connected links to increase their feature utilizations and address oversmoothing problem. More specifically, the GCN block is used to learn the spatial relationships between the nodes and each feature map of the GCN block propagates directly to every following block as input rather than residual linked. In this way, the spatial dependency of human motion data is exploited more sufficiently and the features of different level of scale are fused more efficiently. Extensive experiments demonstrate our model achieving the state‐of‐the‐art results on CMU dataset.
A Triterpene Lactone from Callistemon citrinus Inhibits the PANC‐1 Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells Viability through Suppression of Unfolded Protein Response
Authors: Tawila Ahmed M. , Sun Sijia , Kim Min Jo , Omar Ashraf M. , Dibwe Dya Fita , Awale Suresh 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHuman pancreatic tumor cells such as PANC‐1 are known for their ability to tolerate nutrient starvation and thrive under the hypovascular tumor microenvironment, a phenomenon termed as ‘austerity’. A search of agents that preferentially inhibit the cancer cell viability under the starvation condition without toxicity in the nutrient‐rich condition is a promising approach in anticancer drug discovery. In this study, a triterpene lactone, 3β‐hydroxy‐13,28‐epoxyurs‐11‐en‐28‐one (ursenolide), isolated from a Callistemon citrinus extract has shown strong preferential cytotoxicity against PANC‐1 cells under nutrient starvation with PC50 value of 0.4 μm. Ursenolide‐induced rounding of PANC‐1 cell morphology followed by rupture of the cell membrane leading to cell death. In a real‐time cell migration study, ursenolide was found to inhibit PANC‐1 cell migration significantly. Mechanistically, it inhibited GRP78 and GRP94 under the starvation condition suggesting inhibition of unfolded protein response (UPR), an adaptive process of cell survival during starvation. It also inhibited the phosphorylation of the key survival protein Akt and mTOR. Overall results suggested that ursenolide is a potential anticancer agent against pancreatic cancer.
Breaking the deadlock of calcified coronary artery lesions: A contemporary review
Authors: Fan Lampson M , Tong David , Mintz Gary S. , Mamas Mamas A. , Javed Ahmed 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of severely calcified lesions is known to result in lower procedural success rates, higher complication rates, and worse long‐term clinical outcomes compared to noncalcified lesions. Adequate lesion preparation through calcium modification is crucial in ensuring procedural success and reducing adverse cardiovascular outcomes. There are numerous calcium modification devices currently available whose usefulness depends on the nature of the calcific disease and its anatomical distribution. It can be challenging for the interventionists to decide which device is best suited for their patient. There is also emerging evidence for intravascular imaging in guiding selection of calcium modification devices using parameters such as calcium distribution and depth that directly impact on procedural success and clinical outcomes. In this review we aim to discuss the pathophysiology of coronary calcification, evaluate strategies and technologies of calcium modification and propose an A‐M‐A‐S‐A algorithm in managing calcified coronary lesions.
Medial‐to‐lateral plantar loop technique for retrograde transcollateral recanalization of the lateral plantar artery in patients with type 3 plantar arch
Authors: Testi Gabriele , Ceccacci Tanja , Maioli Filippo , Grotti Simone 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA 89‐year‐old male presented with severe untreatable pain and ischemic non‐healing ulcer in the left forefoot. The pre‐procedural angiograms showed multiple stenosis of the superficial femoral and popliteal arteries, occlusion of anterior tibial artery, tibio‐peroneal trunk (TTP) and distal posterior tibial artery (PTA), stenosis of the peroneal artery, and the patency of the medial plantar artery (MPA) as a single pedal artery, with very poor perfusion of the lateral aspect of the forefoot. The TTP and PTA were recanalized, and balloon angioplasty of superficial femoral artery and popliteal artery and peroneal artery was carried out. After unsuccessful antegrade attempts, the lateral plantar artery (LPA) was retrogradely recanalized performing the medial‐to‐lateral plantar loop, navigating from the deep branch of MPA to the plantar arch and reentering back in the common plantar artery through the LPA. Balloon angioplasty of LPA was performed though the retrograde and antegrade route. When the MPA is the single pedal artery, and the antegrade recanalization of the dorsalis pedis artery (DPA) and the LPA is not possible, the medial‐to‐lateral plantar loop is a feasible technique to recanalize the LPA retrogradely through the plantar arch.
Acute kidney injury after MitraClip implantation in patients with severe mitral regurgitation
Authors: Tonchev Ivaylo , Heberman Dan , Peretz Alona , Medvedovsky Anna Turyan , Gotsman Israel , Rashi Yonatan , Poles Lion , Goland Sorel , Perlman Gidon Y. , Danenberg Haim D. , Beeri Ronen , Shuvy Mony 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionPercutaneous mitral valve repair (PMVR), such as MitraClip, is performed on high‐risk patients and involves hemodynamic alternations that may cause acute kidney injury (AKI). We aimed to evaluate the incidence of AKI, predictors for developing AKI and the correlation with mortality after MitraClip.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of collected data from patients who underwent PMVR in two tertiary medical centers in Israel to identify factors associated with AKI.ResultsThe study population included 163 patients. The median age was 77 years; 60.7% of patients were male. The median eGFR significantly decreased post‐procedure from 49 (35–72) to 47.8 (31–65.5) ml/min/1.73 m2 (p < .001). Forty‐seven patients (29%) developed AKI. None of the patients who developed AKI required hemodialysis. Predictors of AKI included: baseline eGFR ≤30 ml/min/1.73 m2, severity of residual MR, TMPG>5 mmHg, diuretic use, and re‐do procedures. Among the patients who developed AKI there was an improvement in kidney function during follow‐up, and creatinine levels significantly decreased from a peak mean creatinine of 179.5 (143–252) mmol/l to 136 (92–174) mmol/l (p < .001). However, 19% (9 out of 47) of patients experienced partial recovery and their creatinine level, when compared to their baseline, remained elevated. One‐year survival showed a trend for increased mortality among patients who developed AKI (86.2% vs. 80.9%, p = .4), and patients who developed AKI that persisted had increased 1‐year mortality compared with patients that had recovered their kidney function (86.8% vs. 55.6%, p = .01).ConclusionThe incidence of AKI after MitraClip is high. AKI is reversible in most patients; however, the persistence of kidney injury is associated with increased 1‐year mortality.