bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of occupational stress with job burn-out, depression and hypertension in coal miners of Xinjiang, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yong Xianting , Gao Xiaoyan , Zhang Zhe , Ge Hua , Sun Xuemei , Ma Xiaofan , Liu Jiwen 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveStrategies and measures for fighting occupational stress in China are inadequate. This study aimed to determine the level of occupational stress in coal miners and to assess the associations between occupational stress and job burn-out, depression and hypertension. The results could provide clues for preventive measures and strategies to improve the psychological well-being of this population.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingXinjiang Coal Administration Bureau.ParticipantsFour coal mines were selected randomly (computer-generated random number-based selection process) from the 21 coal mines of Xinjiang, and all miners with >1 year of employment were screened for participation.Primary and secondary outcome measuresA general demographic questionnaire, the Self-rating Depression Scale, the Effort–Reward Imbalance (ERI) model and the Maslach Burn-out Inventory.ResultsA total of 1400 questionnaires were collected, including 1334 (95.3%) valid questionnaires. This survey indicated that 1107 (83.0%) participants with an ERI score >1 (high occupational stress) and 227 (12.8%) had ERI ≤1. Severe depression was found in 21.7% of the participants. Job burn-out was positively correlated with occupational stress, which was, in turn, associated with depression. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that depression (β=0.006, p=0.012), sex (β=0.358, p<0.001) and occupational stress (β=0.702, p<0.001) were independently associated with job burn-out. Working years (β=−0.086, p=0.015) and job burn-out (β=0.022, p<0.001) were directly associated with depression.ConclusionThis study highlights that occupational stress may affect job burn-out, depression symptoms and hypertension. A higher degree of occupational stress was associated with poorer mental status and hypertension.
Adverse effects information in clinical guidelines on pharmacological treatment of depression in children and adolescents: a systematic review
Authors: Westergren Tone , Narum Sigrid , Klemp Marianne 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesTo analyse to what extent clinical practice guidelines on drug treatment of depression in children and adolescents mention the risk of adverse effects, to characterise the citations in the guidelines and to assess to what extent data from a major study (Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study, TADS) was used as basis for information about adverse effects.DesignSystematic review of clinical guidelines and clinical decision support tools.Data sourcesPubMed, EMBASE, guideline collections, Health libraries.Eligibility criteriaWe included national guidelines on depression in children and adolescents from European and/or English-speaking countries, published in English, German, French or any Scandinavian language since 2008. We also included well-known, international clinical decision support tools.Data extraction and synthesisGuidelines were examined by all authors to identify and classify information on adverse effects. Citations for statements on adverse effects were extracted and classified by category. The extent of citations about suicidality risk versus other adverse effects was assessed.Results19 guidelines were assessed. All guidelines discussed risk of suicidal behaviour connected with use of antidepressants. Most guidelines mentioned some other psychiatric adverse effects. Several guidelines did not include information on well-known and common somatic adverse effects. Most references concerned risk of suicidality. Adverse effects identified in underlying studies were not always presented. The TADS study was referred to, directly or indirectly, by 18/19 guidelines, but some only referred to TADS with regard to suicidality without citing the study’s findings of somatic adverse effects. No guideline commented on the lack of long-term adverse effects data from TADS.ConclusionsGuidelines for treatment of depression in children and adolescents vary widely regarding information on adverse effects. Many guidelines do not provide information on common somatic adverse effects. There is no consensus as to what extent risks of adverse effects connected with use of antidepressants should be described in guidelines.
ADAPT study: adaptation of evidence-informed complex population health interventions for implementation and/or re-evaluation in new contexts: protocol for a Delphi consensus exercise to develop guidance
Authors: Campbell Mhairi , Moore Graham , Evans Rhiannon E , Khodyakov Dmitry , Craig Peter 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionComplex population health interventions that are effective in one context may not be effective elsewhere, and may even be harmful. As such, an intervention may require adaptation to ensure it fits with a new context. To date, there is no overarching guidance to help researchers to adapt and evaluate interventions in new contexts, and no criteria to support research funders or journals assess proposed or reported adaptations or evaluation. There is limited assistance for policy-makers and practitioners to decide if evidence-informed interventions are appropriate to their context, or if adaptation and further evaluation is needed. This Delphi exercise will contribute to the development of guidance for these communities to support the adaptation, implementation and/or re-evaluation of complex population health interventions in new contexts.MethodsWe will conduct a Delphi consensus exercise to gather expert opinion from researchers, research funders, journal editors and policy-makers. Expert opinion will be sought on: appropriate definitions and concepts, identifying key methodological considerations and establishing adaptations and processes to be undertaken during adaptation of complex population health interventions in new contexts.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval for the Delphi exercise has been obtained from the University of Glasgow and and the RAND institutional research board. Dissemination of the results of this study will be through peer-reviewed publications, workshops at national and international conferences, and a summary of the guidance developed for key organisations and stakeholders.
Italian COVID-19 epidemic: effects on paediatric emergency attendance—a survey in the Emilia Romagna region
Authors: Cella Andrea , Marchetti Federico , Iughetti Lorenzo , Di Biase Anna Rita , Graziani Giulia , De Fanti Alessandro , Valletta Enrico , Vaienti Francesca , Vergine Gianluca , Viola Laura , Biasucci Giacomo 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 epidemic on paediatric emergency department (ED) attendance in a region of Northern Italy.MethodsA survey was proposed to six out of nine paediatric EDs in the Emilia Romagna region to evaluate attendance data, distribution by age and gender, triage code score, outcome of clinical course, number of hospitalisations and the distribution of patients by disease. Data were collected during March 2020 and compared with that of March 2019.ResultsA drop in paediatric ED attendance of more than 83.8% was observed, with a higher percentage of infants and severe triage scores. The proportion of patients hospitalised was significantly higher in 2020 than in 2019 (p value: <0.001). The effect size for the comparison of proportions of hospitalised patients was 0.379. Looking at the distribution of attendance by type of disease, a significantly different distribution was highlighted (p value: <0.00001, Cramer’s V); there was a greater proportion of patients presenting to paediatric EDs with poisonings (effect size=0.07), psychiatric pathologies (effect size=0.110), head injuries (effect size=0.167) and fever (effect size=0.212).ConclusionsOur survey suggests that in the first month of the COVID-19 epidemic in Italy, there has been an increase in delayed attendance and provision of care of potentially severe diseases in paediatric EDs. Hospital and community paediatricians should be aware of this phenomenon and adopt appropriate strategies to prevent this danger, as it may affect children more seriously than COVID-19 itself.
A heat-shocked melanoma cell lysate vaccine enhances tumor infiltration by prototypic effector T cells inhibiting tumor growth
Authors: Gleisner María Alejandra , Pereda Cristián , Tittarelli Andrés , Navarrete Mariela , Fuentes Camila , Ávalos Ignacio , Tempio Fabian , Araya Juan Pablo , Becker María Inés , González Fermín Eduardo , López Mercedes Natalia , Salazar-Onfray Flavio 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundImmune checkpoint blocker (ICB) therapy has shown survival benefits for some patients with cancer. Nevertheless, many individuals remain refractory or acquire resistance to treatment, motivating the exploration of complementary immunotherapies. Accordingly, cancer vaccines offer an attractive alternative. Optimal delivery of multiple tumor-associated antigens combined with potent adjuvants seems to be crucial for vaccine effectiveness.MethodsHere, a prototype for a generic melanoma vaccine, named TRIMELVax, was tested using B16F10 mouse melanoma model. This vaccine is made of heat shock-treated tumor cell lysates combined with theConcholepas concholepashemocyanin as adjuvant.ResultsWhile B16F10 lysate provides appropriate melanoma-associated antigens, both a generic human melanoma cell lysate and hemocyanin adjuvant contributes with danger signals promoting conventional dendritic type 1 cells (cDC1), activation, phagocytosis and effective antigen cross-presentation. TRIMELVax inhibited tumor growth and increased mice survival, inducing cellular and humoral immune responses. Furthermore, this vaccine generated an increased frequency of intratumor cDC1s but not conventional type 2 dendritic cells (cDC2s). Augmented infiltration of CD3+, CD4+and CD8+T cells was also observed, compared with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monotherapy, while TRIMELVax/anti-PD-1 combination generated higher tumor infiltration of CD4+T cells. Moreover, TRIMELVax promoted an augmented proportion of PD-1loCD8+T cells in tumors, a phenotype associated with prototypic effector cells required for tumor growth control, preventing dysfunctional T-cell accumulation.ConclusionsThe therapeutic vaccine TRIMELVax efficiently controls the weakly immunogenic and aggressive B16F10 melanoma tumor growth, prolonging tumor-bearing mice survival even in the absence of ICB. The strong immunogenicity shown by TRIMELVax encourages clinical studies in patients with melanoma.
Evidence-based prevention of Alzheimer's disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of 243 observational prospective studies and 153 randomised controlled trials
Authors: Yu Jin-Tai , Xu Wei , Tan Chen-Chen , Andrieu Sandrine , Suckling John , Evangelou Evangelos , Pan An , Zhang Can , Jia Jianping , Feng Lei , Kua Ee-Heok , Wang Yan-Jiang , Wang Hui-Fu , Tan Meng-Shan , Li Jie-Qiong , Hou Xiao-He , Wan Yu , Tan Lin , Mok Vincent , Tan Lan , Dong Qiang , Touchon Jacques , Gauthier Serge , Aisen Paul S , Vellas Bruno 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundEvidence on preventing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is challenging to interpret due to varying study designs with heterogeneous endpoints and credibility. We completed a systematic review and meta-analysis of current evidence with prospective designs to propose evidence-based suggestions on AD prevention.MethodsElectronic databases and relevant websites were searched from inception to 1 March 2019. Both observational prospective studies (OPSs) and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The multivariable-adjusted effect estimates were pooled by random-effects models, with credibility assessment according to its risk of bias, inconsistency and imprecision. Levels of evidence and classes of suggestions were summarised.ResultsA total of 44 676 reports were identified, and 243 OPSs and 153 RCTs were eligible for analysis after exclusion based on pre-decided criteria, from which 104 modifiable factors and 11 interventions were included in the meta-analyses. Twenty-one suggestions are proposed based on the consolidated evidence, with Class I suggestions targeting 19 factors: 10 with Level A strong evidence (education, cognitive activity, high body mass index in latelife, hyperhomocysteinaemia, depression, stress, diabetes, head trauma, hypertension in midlife and orthostatic hypotension) and 9 with Level B weaker evidence (obesity in midlife, weight loss in late life, physical exercise, smoking, sleep, cerebrovascular disease, frailty, atrial fibrillation and vitamin C). In contrast, two interventions are not recommended: oestrogen replacement therapy (Level A2) and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (Level B).InterpretationEvidence-based suggestions are proposed, offering clinicians and stakeholders current guidance for the prevention of AD.
Revisiting the bottom quark forward–backward asymmetry $$A_\mathrm{{FB}}$$ in electron–positron collisions
Authors: Wang Sheng-Quan , Meng Rui-Qing , Wu Xing-Gang , Chen Long , Shen Jian-Ming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe bottom quark forward–backward asymmetry $$A_\mathrm{{FB}}$$AFB is a key observable in electron–positron collisions at the $$Z^{0}$$Z0 peak. In this paper, we employ the Principle of Maximum Conformality (PMC) to fix the $$\alpha _s$$αs-running behavior of the next-to-next-to-leading order QCD corrections to $$A_\mathrm{{FB}}$$AFB. The resulting PMC scale for this $$A_\mathrm{{FB}}$$AFB is an order of magnitude smaller than the conventional choice $$\mu _r=M_Z$$μr=MZ. This scale has the physically reasonable behavior and reflects the virtuality of its QCD dynamics, which is independent to the choice of renormalization scale. Our analyses show that the effective momentum flow for the bottom quark forward–backward asymmetry should be $$\mu _r\ll M_Z$$μr≪MZ other than the conventionally suggested $$\mu _r=M_Z$$μr=MZ. Moreover, the convergence of perturbative QCD series for $$A_\mathrm{{FB}}$$AFB is greatly improved using the PMC. Our prediction for the bare bottom quark forward–backward asymmetry is refined to be $$A^{0,b}_\mathrm{FB}=0.1004\pm 0.0016$$AFB0,b=0.1004±0.0016, which diminishes the well known tension between the experimental determination for this (pseudo) observable and the respective Standard Model fit to $$2.1\sigma $$2.1σ.
Holographic phase transition from novel Gauss–Bonnet AdS black holes
Authors: Li Hui-Ling , Zeng Xiao-Xiong , Lin Rong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn the framework of holography, we discuss on the phase transition behavior from a novel Gauss–Bonnet AdS black hole discovered in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 081301 (2020)] in both charged and neutral cases. First, we explore the thermodynamic behavior for the black hole entropy by investigating $$T-S$$T-S diagram, specific heat capacity and free energy, and we find that, in the $$T-S$$T-S plane, the black hole exhibits a van der Waals phase transition similar to that in $$P-V$$P-V plane in extended phase space. Secondly, we detect thermodynamic phase transition for the two point correlation function, and find that, the van der Waals phase transition can also be displayed in the $$T-\delta L $$T-δL plane which is completely similar to that of black hole entropy in the $$T-S$$T-S plane. Our result turns out that, not only the charged but also neutral cases, we can observe holographic van der Waals phase transition for the novel Gauss–Bonnet AdS black hole by employing the black hole entropy and two point correlation function.
C+L band wavelength and bandwidth tunable fiber laser incorporating carbon nanotubes
Authors: Zhang Yusheng 
Published: July 2020

Spectral wavelength and bandwidth tunable mode-locking ultrafast fiber laser has widespread applications in the fields of optical telecommunication, spectroscopy, pump-probe measurements, and so on. Here, we report an single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-based wavelength and bandwidth tunable mode-locked fiber laser operation in the C[Formula: see text]L band. The output spectral wavelength and bandwidth can be continuously tuned by adjusting the intra-cavity tunable filter with a wavelength tuning range spanning [Formula: see text]70 nm (from 1539.8 nm to 1610.1 nm) and bandwidth from 0.5 nm to 4.5 nm, respectively. Our results provide a compact, mode-locked fiber laser wider in tuning range than the other systems for various applications requiring variable spectral wavelength or bandwidth.
Outcomes of Reoperative Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in the United States
Authors: Elbadawi Ayman , Hamed Mohamed , Elgendy Islam Y. , Omer Mohmed A. , Ogunbayo Gbolahan O. , Megaly Michael , Denktas Ali , Ghanta Ravi , Jimenez Ernesto , Brilakis Emanuel , Jneid Hani 
Published: July 2020

Background

There is a paucity of data on the trends and outcomes of reoperative coronary artery bypass graft (
CABG
) surgery during the current decade in the United States.

Methods and Results

We queried the National Inpatient Sample database (2002–2016) for all hospitalizations with isolated
CABG
procedure. We reported the temporal trends and outcomes of reoperative
CABG
versus primary
CABG
procedures. The main outcome was in‐hospital mortality. Among 3 212 768 hospitalizations with
CABG
, 46 820 (1.5%) had reoperative
CABG
. Over the 15‐year study period, there were no changes in the proportion of reoperative
CABG
(1.8% in 2002 versus 2.2% in 2016,
P
tren
=0.08), and the related in‐hospital mortality (3.7% in 2002 versus 2.7% in 2016,
P
trend
=0.97). Reoperative
CABG
was performed in patients with increasingly higher risk profile. Compared with primary
CABG
, hospitalizations for reoperative
CABG
were associated with higher in‐hospital mortality (3.2% versus 1.9%,
P
<0.001), cardiac arrest, cardiogenic shock, vascular complications, and respiratory complications. Among hospitalizations for reoperative
CABG
, the predictors of higher mortality included history of heart failure and chronic kidney disease.

Conclusions

In this 15‐year nationwide analysis, reoperative
CABG
procedures were increasingly performed in patients with higher risk profile. In‐hospital mortality rates were relatively low and did not change during the examined period. Compared with primary
CABG
, reoperative
CABG
is associated with higher in‐hospital mortality.
Brain Waves: Emergence of Localized, Persistent, Weakly Evanescent Cortical Loops
Authors: Galinsky Vitaly L. , Frank Lawrence R. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
An inhomogeneous anisotropic physical model of the brain cortex is presented that predicts the emergence of nonevanescent (weakly damped) wave-like modes propagating in the thin cortex layers transverse to both the mean neural fiber direction and the cortex spatial gradient. Although the amplitude of these modes stays below the typically observed axon spiking potential, the lifetime of these modes may significantly exceed the spiking potential inverse decay constant. Full-brain numerical simulations based on parameters extracted from diffusion and structural MRI confirm the existence and extended duration of these wave modes. Contrary to the commonly agreed paradigm that the neural fibers determine the pathways for signal propagation in the brain, the signal propagation because of the cortex wave modes in the highly folded areas will exhibit no apparent correlation with the fiber directions. Nonlinear coupling of those linear weakly evanescent wave modes then provides a universal mechanism for the emergence of synchronized brain wave field activity. The resonant and nonresonant terms of nonlinear coupling between multiple modes produce both synchronous spiking-like high-frequency wave activity as well as low-frequency wave rhythms. Numerical simulation of forced multiple-mode dynamics shows that, as forcing increases, there is a transition from damped to oscillatory regime that can then transition quickly to a nonoscillatory state when a critical excitation threshold is reached. The resonant nonlinear coupling results in the emergence of low-frequency rhythms with frequencies that are several orders of magnitude below the linear frequencies of modes taking part in the coupling. The localization and persistence of these weakly evanescent cortical wave modes have significant implications in particular for neuroimaging methods that detect electromagnetic physiological activity, such as EEG and magnetoencephalography, and for the understanding of brain activity in general, including mechanisms of memory.
On Patting Snakes and Sitting under Trees: Just Peace Theory and Prophetic Witness
Authors: Rees Anthony 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
As a reaction against the failures of Just War theory in creating a more harmonious world, recent times have seen the emergence of Just Peace as a corrective to the tendency to use Just War as justification for, rather than a warning against, aggravated conflict. This article considers the contribution of Daniel Philpott to this literature, and argues that theoretical concepts alone will be insufficient for the institution of a Just Peace. In looking for complementary images, the article considers two images from the prophetic corpus to image a Just Peace. Strikingly, both prophetic passages draw on ecological imagery to imagine a world at peace.
Reconsidering Secularism and Historical Narrative of Christianity
Authors: Aytac F. Kubra 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this review article, Graeme Smith, A Short History of Secularism, is reviewed with its main arguments regarding secularisation debate. A radical reconsideration of secularism and its social history, starting with the Greeks and continuing to modernity and the contemporary period, are offered by this book. The book’s attempt to construct a historical narrative of Christianity is an essential contribution to literature. It highlights the changes Christianity is exposed to as it moved across Europe and different mindsets that influenced people during this period. Students who are interested in studies in pastoral psychology, religion, and secularism are the primary audience for this monograph. However, anyone interested in the secularism debate will find it interesting.
Religious Satire and the Crucified Christ
Authors: Abrahamse Jan Martijn 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article discusses the relationship between religious satire and Christian theology to explore the possibility of satiric theology. It takes its departure from the proclamation of the cross (cf. 1 Cor 1:27) to demonstrate that the Crucified Christ can be a source for satire. To accomplish this, Paul Simpson’s analysis of satire is used to analyse the notorious crucifixion scene of Monty Python’s Life of Brian. Subsequently, by way of Stanley Hauerwas’s theorising of irony, it is argued that satiric theology is theology in iconoclastic fashion. Hence, satiric theology supplies alternative comical stories to estrange people from the familiar and challenge misconceptions, thereby offering a valuable contribution to theological debate and Christian practice.