bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The fMRI study for acupuncture on shift work sleep disorder
Authors: Ning Yanzhe , Liu Xueyan , Yao Hao , Chen Pei , Li Xue , Jia Hongxiao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Nearly 20% of night shift nurses will cause shift work disorder (SWD) due to the disruption of sleep-wake cycle, which not only affects the daily work efficiency, but also brings a huge burden on physical and mental health. Acupuncture is a safe and effective intervention on SWD. This trial will combine with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study the clinical effects and potential mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of SWD.

Methods and analysis:
This is a randomized controlled neuroimaging trial, with enrolled participants, outcome assessors, and data statisticians blinded. 60 patients with SWD and 30 healthy controls who sleep regularly will be recruited and divided into divided into a control group, a true acupoints treatment group (TATG) and a sham acupoints treatment group (SATG) by the ratio of 1:1:1. The TATG and SATG will receive 8 sessions of acupuncture treatment in 4 weeks. Cognitive function scales and MRI scanning will be performed before and after 4-week acupuncture treatment. The control group will receive no intervention. Functional connectivity of intra-network and inter-network will be the primary outcome and effect indicator. The secondary outcomes included Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, Attentional Network Test, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale and needle sensation assessment scale. Neuroimage indicators will be correlated with clinical data and scores of cognitive function assessment to explore the possible mechanisms underlying the changes of brain activity caused by acupuncture treatment.

Discussion:
The results of this study will enable us to verify the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on SWD and explore the potential central mechanism of acupuncture on SWD from the change of brain activity.
Fast-growing epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver
Authors: Fan Ye-hui , Tang He-nan , Zhou Jian-peng , Fang Qiang , Li Shu-xuan , Kou Kai , Lv Guo-yue 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEH) is a rare vascular tumor of the liver with malignant potential. It can be of solitary type, multifocal type, or diffuse type. Although there are some characteristic features on radiologic imaging, the definitive diagnosis of HEH is based on histopathology. The surgical treatment of HEH includes liver resection and transplant.

Patient concerns:
A middle-aged woman presented with easy fatiguability and anorexia for 1 month was found to have multifocal lesions on radiological imaging.

Diagnosis:
HEH was diagnosed by needle biopsy. It can be seen from imaging that this case is a multifocal form. The largest lesion increased from 3 to 3.3 cm within 2 months, with an increase of 9.45%; no other relevant literatures have been reported.

Interventions:
The possibility of liver transplantation was suggested to the patient. However, the patient refused transplantation and was successfully treated by radical right hepatectomy and resection of the left lobe lesion.

Outcomes:
She remained disease-free throughout a year follow-up period.

Conclusion:
HEH is a rare disease with characteristic radiological and pathological features. Although liver transplantation is the preferred treatment for multifocal HEH, surgical excision represents one alternative when the lesions can be guaranteed to be completely excised.
Using bioinformatics approach identifies key genes and pathways in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Xu Zhongbo , Mo Lisha , Feng Xin , Huang Mingru , Li Lin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and irreversible respiratory disease with a high incidence worldwide and no specific treatment. Currently, the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease remain largely unknown. In main purpose of this study, bioinformatics analysis was used to uncover key genes and pathways related to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Gene expression profiles of GSE2052 and GSE35145 were obtained. After combining the 2 chip groups; then, we normalized the data, eliminating batch difference. R software was used to process and to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the IPF and normal tissues. Then, functional enrichment analysis of these DEGs was carried out, and a protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was also constructed. A total of 276 DEGs (152 up and 134 down-regulated genes) were identified in the IPF lung samples. The PPI network was established with 227 nodes and 763 edges. The top 10 hub genes were CAM1, CDH1, CXCL12, JUN, CTGF, SERPINE1, CXCL1, EDN1, COL1A2, and SPARC. Analyzing the PPI network modules with close interaction, the 3 key modules in the whole PPI network were screened out. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enriched for the module containing DEGs contained the viral protein interaction with cytokine and the cytokine receptor, the TNF signaling pathway, and the chemokine signaling pathway. The identified key genes and pathways may play an important role in the occurrence and development of IPF, and may be expected to be biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the diagnosis of IPF.
Feasibility of neoadjuvant and adjuvant intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Liu Yu , Cao Lili , Chen Wei , Wang Jingjing , Wang Wenting , Liang Zhiqing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy is believed to prolong the survival of patients with advanced ovarian cancer after primary debulking surgery. However, there is little knowledge about IP chemotherapy in the setting of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and there are contradictory conclusions about adjuvant IP chemotherapy. Here, we evaluated the feasibility of neoadjuvant and adjuvant IP chemotherapy in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (AEOC).
We retrospectively reviewed the data of 114 patients with AEOC who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by laparoscopic conservative interval debulking surgery (NACT + LIDS) in our institution from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2017.
The median overall survival (OS) was 56 months and the median disease-free interval (DFI) was 14 months for the entire study population. Neoadjuvant IP chemotherapy cycles were crucial for the treatment of no gross residual (R0) disease (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.446, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.245–0.811), which was independently associated with OS of the entire study population (HR = 9.589, 95% CI = 3.911–23.507). In addition, residual disease and body mass index (BMI) were the prognostic factors for DFI (HR = 6.022, 95% CI = 3.632–9.986; HR = 1.085, 95% CI = 1.012–1.163). However, adjuvant IP cycles along with BMI were the determining factors for DFI in the R0 group (HR = 0.703, 95% CI = 0.525–0.941; HR = 1.130, 95% CI = 1.025–1.247), and were associated with OS in the R0 group (HR = 0.488, 95% CI = 0.289–0.824). The OS and DFI Kaplan-Meier curves stratified by adjuvant IP chemothearpy cycles within the R0 group were statistically significant (P = .024 and P = .033, respectively).
Our results showed improvement in patients with AEOC in terms of survival, thus suggesting the feasibility of neoadjuvant and adjuvant IP chemotherapy.
Factors affecting airway compliance and resistance in children receiving general anesthesia during adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Li Jingjie , Li Siyuan , Jiang Hong , Jiang Lai , Qiu Lin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Airway compliance is an important index in the surgery of pediatric patients. This study aimed to explore factors affecting dynamic airway compliance (Cdyn) and airway resistance (Raw) after general anesthesia endotracheal intubation for adenotonsillectomy of pediatric patients.
A prospective study was undertaken of 107 children who underwent adenotonsillectomy in Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between January and June 2018. The values of Cdyn and Raw were recorded at 5, 10, and 15 minute during general anesthesia endotracheal intubation. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed for factors that affected Cdyn and Raw.
Of the 107 patients aged 56.67 ± 18.28 months, 69 (64%) patients were male, and 26 (24%) and 12 (11%) had an upper respiratory infection in the past week and 1 to 2 weeks, respectively. During anesthesia, Cdyn showed a decreasing trend (P < .001) while Raw showed an increasing trend (P < .001). Multivariate analysis revealed that height (β=0.177–0.193) had the strongest correlation with Cdyn; rales during pulmonary auscultation (β= –2.727 to –1.363) and sputum suction (β= –1.670 to –0.949) were also associated with Cdyn (all P < .05). Height was the factor with the strongest negative correlation with Raw (β= –0.382 to –0.305). Rales during pulmonary auscultation (β=10.063–11.326) and sputum suction (β=3.863–9.003) were also associated with Raw (All P < .05).
Height, rales during preoperative auscultation and sputum suction were all associated with intraoperative Cydn and Raw for pediatric patients undergoing adenotonsillectomy and should be considered before the surgery.
“Sclerotic Band” type of classification system and measurement of necrotic area for osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Zhang Ying , Liu You-Wen , Sun Rui-bo , Fan Yan-nan , Shi Qi-yun , Zhang Lei-Lei , Li Pei-Feng , Li Wu-yin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a common orthopedic disease. Based on years of clinical experience and significant imaging data, this study aimed to elucidate a new type of it, to help improve prognosis in young adults and provide a basis for hip preservation treatment.
From January 2014 to December 2016, a total of 211 patients undergoing hip preservation surgery for femoral head necrosis at our hospital were enrolled in this study. Coronal plane classification and cross-sectional area analysis were performed by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (computed tomography optional) in cases meeting the inclusion criteria. Meanwhile, a new method of classification and calculating the necrotic area was proposed. The application simulation was conducted using sample cases. Additionally, treatment methods were recommended. We used our method to compare the outcome of the selected patients with the JIC classification so as to judge the advantages and disadvantages.
The “ pressure bone trabecular angle ” of the femoral head was measured, and the “sclerotic band” (Zhang Ying) type of classification system and the “quartile” (Zhang Ying) method of measurement were used in 2 sample cases. After analysis, it is more accurate than JIC.
The “Sclerotic band” type of classification system and "quartile" methods are new methods to evaluate the stability of femoral head necrosis. They are convenient for clinical application and easily adopted.
Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of Kang-ai injection for patients with oesophageal cancer
Authors: Song Qingping , Yang Wei , Meng Zhen , Wang Jinyan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background:
Oesophageal cancer (OC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite the improvement of therapeutic methods in recent years, the prognosis of OC remains unsatisfactory. Kang-ai injection, a kind of traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been widely applied as a promising adjunctive drug for OC. In this study, we aimed to summarize the efficacy and safety of Kang-ai injection for patients with advanced OC through the meta-analysis, in order to provide scientific reference for the design of future clinical trials.

Methods:
Relevant randomized controlled trials and high-quality prospective cohort studies were searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Excerpt Medica Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Scientific Journal Database and Wanfang Database. Papers in English or Chinese published from their inception to August 2020 will be included without any restrictions.
Study selection and data extraction will be performed independently by 2 investigators. The clinical outcomes including overall response rate, disease control rate, overall survival, disease-free survival, quality of life, immune function and adverse events, were systematically evaluated. Stata 14.0 and Review Manager 5.3 were used for data synthesis, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, meta regression, and risk of bias assessment.

Results:
The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, or presented the findings at a relevant conference.

Conclusion:
Our study will draw an objective conclusion of the effects of Kang-ai injection combined with conventional treatment for advanced OC and provide a helpful evidence for clinicians to formulate the best postoperative adjuvant treatment strategy for OC patients.

INPLASY registration number:
INPLASY202080019.
Human leukocyte antigen-genotyping according to sex in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in Iraq
Authors: Kadhim Hindi Nada Khazal 
Published: September 2020

Objective:
The aim of this study was assessment the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB).

Methods:
One-hundred whole blood samples were collected from patients with EPTB (n = 50) and healthy control patients (n = 50). The sequence-specific oligonucleotide was used for HLA-DRB1 genotyping.

Results:
The HLA-DRB1∗7 (relative risk = 4.35) and HLA-DRB1∗3 (relative risk = 3.20) genotypes were significantly more frequent among patients with EPTB compared with healthy subjects (38 vs. 16%, P = 0.002 and 27 vs. 8%, P = 0.002, respectively). The total alleles of the HLA-DRB1 were more common among female patients (60%) vs. male patients (40%). From the result of HLA-DRB1 genotypes, most of the females had two alleles, whereas males mostly had one allele. The frequency of the HLA-DRB1∗3 and HLA-DRB1∗7 was significantly more common in female patients (72 and 62%, respectively), than male patients (28 and 38%, respectively). Moreover, this result was observed for the genotype HLA-DRB1∗15.

Conclusion:
The association of the HLA-DRB1∗3 and the HLA-DRB1∗7 genotypes with the EPTB was observed in this study, albeit needing more verifications. Furthermore, the HLA-DRB1∗315 was more frequent among healthy subjects. More investigations are also essential to confirm the difference between male and female patients with the EPTB regarding the rate of HLA genotypes.
Orbital Osteomyelitis in the Pediatric Patient
Authors: Hu Allison C. , Ng Wendy K.Y. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Orbital osteomyelitis in the pediatric patient is a rare clinical entity with limited reports in the literature. Outcomes for orbital osteomyelitis can be potentially fatal, and effective diagnosis and treatment often requires an extensive differential and multidisciplinary team approach. As such, the authors systematically evaluated a pooled analysis of patients in published studies to better understand the clinical trends of this condition. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses statement guidelines, the authors queried the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Science databases. A total of 23 patients (47.8% males) participated in 10 studies between 1977 and 2017. Average age of included patients was 7.3 ± 5.3 years old with follow-up of 8.7 ± 9.8 months. Over half of the patients present with fistula (65.2%) and/or fever (43.5%). Sequestrum formation was common (52.2%) but only seen in chronic osteomyelitis patients. The most frequently infected orbital bone was the frontal bone (n = 10, 43.5%). Nearly all patients were cultured (82.6%) and received imaging, such as computerized tomography (43.5%) or X-ray (47.8%). Streptococcus pyogenes was the most common organism isolated (21.7%), while trauma was the most common source of infection (26.1%). Most patients were treated successfully with combined surgical debridement and antibiotics (73.9%). Significant differences between acute and chronic orbital osteomyelitis patients include clinical presentation, use of magnetic resonance imaging, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection, and procedure only treatments. The studies reviewed here provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical presentation, infection sources, diagnostic modalities, common organisms, and treatment options involved in pediatric orbital osteomyelitis.
Survival Rates and Biomarkers in a Large Animal Model of Traumatic Brain Injury Combined With Two Different Levels of Blood Loss
Authors: Mayer Andrew R. , Dodd Andrew B. , Ling Josef M. , Stephenson David D. , Rannou-Latella Julie G. , Vermillion Meghan S. , Mehos Carissa J. , Johnson Victoria E. , Gigliotti Andrew P. , Dodd Rebecca J. , Chaudry Irshad H. , Meier Timothy B. , Smith Douglas H. , Bragin Denis E. , Lai Chen , Wagner Chelsea L. , Guedes Vivian A. , Gill Jessica M. , Kinsler Rachel 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The pathology resulting from concurrent traumatic brain injury (TBI) and hemorrhagic shock (HS; TBI+HS) are leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide following trauma. However, the majority of large animal models of TBI+HS have utilized focal/contusional injuries rather than incorporating the types of brain trauma (closed-head injury caused by dynamic acceleration) that typify human injury.

Objective:
To examine survival rates and effects on biomarkers from rotational TBI with two levels of HS.

Methods:
Twenty-two sexually mature Yucatan swine (30.39 ± 2.25 kg; 11 females) therefore underwent either Sham trauma procedures (n = 6) or a dynamic acceleration TBI combined with either 55% (n = 8) or 40% (n = 8) blood loss in this serial study.

Results:
Survival rates were significantly higher for the TBI+40% (87.5%) relative to TBI+55% (12.5%) cohort, with the majority of TBI+55% animals expiring within 2 h post-trauma from apnea. Blood-based neural biomarkers and immunohistochemistry indicated evidence of diffuse axonal injury (increased NFL/Aβ42), blood–brain barrier breach (increased immunoglobulin G) and inflammation (increased glial fibrillary acidic protein/ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1) in the injured cohorts relative to Shams. Invasive hemodynamic measurements indicated increased shock index and decreased pulse pressure in both injury cohorts, with evidence of partial recovery for invasive hemodynamic measurements in the TBI+40% cohort. Similarly, although both injury groups demonstrated ionic and blood gas abnormalities immediately postinjury, metabolic acidosis continued to increase in the TBI+55% group ∼85 min postinjury. Somewhat surprisingly, both neural and physiological biomarkers showed significant changes within the Sham cohort across the multi-hour experimental procedure, most likely associated with prolonged anesthesia.

Conclusion:
Current results suggest the TBI+55% model may be more appropriate for severe trauma requiring immediate medical attention/standard fluid resuscitation protocols whereas the TBI+40% model may be useful for studies of prolonged field care.
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis as a Target for Improved Post-Surgical Outcomes and Improved Patient Care: A Review of Current Literature
Authors: Mustansir Dawoodbhoy Fatema , Patel Bharati Kadamb , Patel Kadamb , Bhatia Madhav , Lee Chuen Neng , Moochhala Shabbir M. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Critical illness results in significant changes in the human gut microbiota, leading to the breakdown of the intestinal barrier function, which plays a role in the pathogenesis of multiple organ dysfunction. Patients with sepsis/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have a profoundly distorted intestinal microbiota rhythm, which plays a considerable role in the development of gut-derived infections and intestinal dysbiosis. Despite recent medical developments, postsurgical complications are associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate. Bacterial translocation, which is the movement of bacteria and bacterial products across the intestinal barrier, was shown to be a mechanism behind sepsis. Current research is focusing on a solution by addressing significant factors that contribute to intestinal dysbiosis, which subsequently leads to multiple organ failure and, thus, mortality. It may, however, be challenging to manipulate the microbiota in critically ill patients for enhanced therapeutic gain. Probiotic manipulation is advantageous for maintaining the gut–barrier defense and for modulating the immune response. Based on available published research, this review aims to address the application of potential strategies in the intensive care unit, supplemented with current therapeutics by the administration of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplant, to reduce post-surgical complications of sepsis/ARDS in critically ill patients.
Association Between the Oxygen Consumption: Lactate Ratio and Survival in Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis
Authors: Hoeyer-Nielsen Anne Kirstine , Holmberg Mathias J. , Grossestreuer Anne V. , Yankama Tuyen , Branton Jean-Pierre , Donnino Michael W. , Berg Katherine M. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Mitochondrial dysfunction leading to impairment of oxygen extraction, referred to as cytopathic hypoxia, contributes to morbidity in sepsis. Oxygen consumption (VO2) may be a useful measure of the severity of cytopathic hypoxia. We monitored VO2 and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) in septic patients and investigated the association with hospital survival.

Methods:
We retrospectively identified adult (≥18 years) septic patients from a larger prospective observational cohort of critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation. A gas-exchange monitor recorded continuous VO2 and VCO2 for up to 48 h. We then tested the association of median VO2, VCO2, respiratory quotient (RQ), and the VO2:lactate ratio with survival.

Results:
A total of 46 septic patients were included in the analysis, of whom 28 (61%) survived. Overall median VO2 was not associated with survival (3.72 mL/kg/min [IQR: 3.39, 4.92] in survivors and 3.42 mL/kg/min [IQR: 2.97, 5.26] in non-survivors, P = 0.12). The overall median VCO2 and RQ were also not associated with survival. Adjusting for age and the presence of shock did not change these results. The VO2:lactate ratio was associated with survival (adjusted OR 2.17 [95% CI 1.12, 4.22] per unit increase in ratio, P = 0.03). The percent change in median VCO2 was 11.6% [IQR: −8.2, 28.7] in survivors compared with −8.3% [IQR: −18.0, 4.7] in non-survivors (P = 0.03). The percent changes in median VO2 and RQ were not different between groups.

Conclusion:
The VO2:lactate ratio was significantly higher in survivors, while there was no association between median VO2 alone and survival. There was a significant difference in change in VCO2 over time between survivors and non-survivors.
Sydney Brenner. 13 January 1927—5 April 2019
Authors: White John , Bretscher Mark S. 
Published: September 2020

From modest beginnings Sydney became an extraordinarily influential and
accomplished molecular biologist. His critical knowledge of, and insights into,
key scientific problems were legendary. His irrepressible personality, acerbic
wit and ebullient talks inspired a generation of young biologists. He made
seminal discoveries in how genetic information is used for protein synthesis,
and established
Caenorhabditis elegans
as one of the
foremost model organisms for the study of development and neural function. He
also pioneered techniques for genome analysis and was instrumental in
establishing several outstanding centres of biological research around the
world.