bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dysfunctional network and mutation genes of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Cui Yunwen , Liu Cheng , Luo Jian , Liang Jie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a group of heterogeneous diseases that affect the myocardium. It is also a common familial disease. The symptoms are not common and easy to find. Methods In this study, gene expression profiles of 37 samples (GSE130036) were downloaded from GEO database. Differential analysis was used to identify the related dysregulated genes in patients with HCM. Enrichment analysis identified the biological function and signal pathway of these differentially expressed genes. Then, we build PPI network and verify it in GSE36961 dataset. Finally, the gene of single nuclear variants (SNVs) in HCM samples was screened by means of maftools. Results Herein, we obtained 920 differentially expressed genes, and found that these genes are mainly related to metabolic related signaling pathways. 187 interacting genes were identified by PPI network analysis, and the expression trends of C1QB, F13A1, CD163, FCN3, PLA2G2A and CHRDL2 were verified by another dataset. ROC curve analysis showed that they had certain clinical diagnostic ability, and they were the potential key dysfunctional genes of HCM. In addition, we found that PRMT5 mutation was the most frequent in HCM samples, which may affect the pathogenesis of HCM. Conclusions Therefore, the key genes and enrichment results identified by our analysis may provide a reference for the occurrence and development mechanism of HCM. In addition, mutations in PRMT5 may be a useful therapeutic and diagnostic target for HCM.
Comparative Analysis of Acral Melanoma in Chinese and Caucasian Patients
Authors: Huang Kai , Xu Yu , Gabriel Emmanuel M. , Misra Subhasis , Chen Yong , Bagaria Sanjay P. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Acral melanoma is the most common subtype of melanoma in Chinese patients and one of the least common in Caucasian patients. It has been unclear if outcomes differ between Chinese and Caucasian patients diagnosed with Acral Melanoma. This study investigated patient characteristics and survival differences between Chinese and Caucasian Acral Melanoma patients. Methods Two large institutional melanoma databases from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) and Mayo Clinic enterprise, were retrospectively reviewed from 2009 to 2015. Clinicopathologic and survival data were collected and analyzed between the two groups. The primary outcome was disease-specific survival (DSS) and was calculated using the Kaplan Meier (KM) method. Results The Chinese group presented with more advanced disease compared with Caucasians: thicker Breslow depth (median 3.0 mm vs. 1.2 mm, p=0.003), more ulcerated disease (66.1% vs 29%; p<0.001), and advanced stages (stage II/III 84.3% vs. 37.1%; p<0.001). No significant difference was identified in terms of age at diagnosis, location, histologic subtypes, or node positive rate. The 5-year DSS rate was 68.4% and 73% (p=0.56) for Chinese and Caucasians, respectively. Male gender, Breslow thickness, ulceration, and positive sentinel lymph nodes predicted worse DSS on multivariate Cox regression analysis. Conclusions There appears to be no difference in stage-stratified survival between Chinese and Caucasians, supporting the implementation of clinical trials of AM that could include both Chinese and Caucasian patients.
The prognostic nutritional index as a predictor of long-term outcome in patients with resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Maruyama Tsunehiko , Shimoda Mitsugi , Sako Akihiro , Hakoda Hiroyuki , Ueda Kazumitsu , Suzuki Shuji 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Preoperative nutritional and inflammation indexes have been shown to be associated with postoperative complications and the prognosis of patients with a malignant tumor. We evaluated several clinicopathological prognostic factors in patients with resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods Seventy-eight patients who underwent curative resection for ESCC were included in this retrospective study. The associations of body mass index (BMI), the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and protein-albumin ratio (CAR) with various clinicopathological factors were evaluated. Results In multivariate analyses, only low PNI (<46.8) independently and significantly predicted overall survival (OS) (P=0.002). Conclusions The PNI is a simple, useful marker for predicting the long-term prognosis of patients with ESCC after esophagectomy. The PNI should be included in the routine assessment of patients with ESCC.
Development and validation of nomogram to predict risk of survival in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cui Jie , Wang Liping , Zhong Waisheng , chen zhen , Tan Xiaojun , Yang Hong , Chen Jie , Liu Genglong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Due to a wide variation of tumor behavior, prediction of survival in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patients received curative-intend surgery is an important but formidable challenge. We attempted to establish a nomogram to precisely predict survival probability in LSCC patients. Methods: A total of 369 consecutive LSCC patients underwent curative resection between 2008 and 2012 at Hunan Province Cancer Hospital were included in this study. Subsequently, 369 LSCC patients were assigned to a training set (N=261) and a validation set (N=108) at random. On the basis of multivariable Cox regression analysis results, we developed a nomogram. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the nomogram were confirmed by calibration curve and a concordance index (C-index), and compared with TNM stage system by C-index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was conducted to estimate clinical usefulness of our nomogram. Results: Six independent parameters to predict prognosis were age, pack years, N-stage, lymph node ratio (LNR), anemia and albumin, which were all assembled into the nomogram. The calibration curve verified excellent models’ concordance. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.73 (0.68-0.78), and the area under curve (AUC) of nomogram in predicting overall survival (OS) were 0.766, which were significantly higher than traditional TNM stage. Decision curve analysis further demonstrated that our nomogram had larger net benefit than TNM stage.Conclusion: A risk prediction nomogram for patients with LSCC, incorporating easily assessable clinicopathologic factors, generates more precise estimations of the survival probability when compared TNM stage alone, but still need additional data before being used in clinical application.
Gint4.T modified DNA tetrahedron loaded with doxorubicin inhibits glioma cell proliferation by targeting PDGFRβ
Authors: Wang Feng , Zhou Yanghao , Cheng Si , Lou Jinhe , He Qiuguang , Cheng Yuan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Glioma is one of the most deadly tumors due to invasive growth. The treatment effect is poor due to the presence of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and blood tumor barrier (BTB) and insufficient drug targeting. DNA tetrahedron (TDN) is considered to have great potential for drug delivery and maybe a novel therapeutic strategy for glioma. In this study, we have developed a doxorubicin loaded-DNA tetrahedron modified by a Gint4.T aptamer(DOX@Apt-TDN) that could target PDGFRβ for therapy of glioma. The TDN and Apt-TDN were self-assembled by one-step synthesis. The characterization and stability were detected using gel electrophoresis analysis, dynamic light scatting and atomic force microscopy. The cytotoxicity of TDN in vitro was determined by CCK-8 assays. Fluorescence spectrophotometry was used to measure the drug loading capacity. Fluorescence microscopy imaging and flow cytometry were used to survey the cellular uptake. The cell viability, cell cycle and early apoptosis were estimated when the U87MG cells were treated with DOX, DOX@TDN and Dox@Apt-TDN. The rusults showed that a single Apt-TDN could carry 60 doxorubicin molecules. The 3D structure of the DNA tetrahedron remarkedly enhanced drug stability in fetal bovine serum, remaining intact for 7h leastwise. The CCK-8 assay showed that the activity of the U87 cells was not affected after co-cultured with different concentrations(10–500 nM) of TDN for 24 h and 48 h. The aptamer Gint4.T enhanced the targeted cellular uptake of TDN by U87MG cells. Dox-loaded Apt-TDN inhibited cell viability and induced early apoptosis. In conclusion this study establishes that the Gint4.T-modified DNA tetrahedron could target PDGFRβ and provide a novel therapy with promising clinical application for gliomas.
“We wouldn't leave if our jobs changed a little”: Understanding the labour market choices of community health workers in Ethiopia
Authors: Arora Nikita , Hanson Kara , Spicer Neil , Estifanos Abiy Seifu , Keraga Dorka Woldesenbet , Welearegay Alemtsehay Tewele , Tela Freweini Gebrearegay , Hussen Yemisrach Ahmed , Mandefro Yordanos Semu , Quaife Matthew 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background The motivation and retention of community health workers is a challenge and inadequately addressed in research and policy. In Ethiopia, as part of the country’s Health Extension Program, Health Extension Workers (HEWs) deliver essential primary healthcare services to communities, but low retention of experienced HEWs threatens sustained service delivery and efficient use of their health budget. We sought to identify factors influencing HEW retention and ways to mitigate their exit. Methods Following a review of literature on work motivation and community health worker (CHW) retention to identify a conceptual and theoretical framework to guide analysis, exploratory qualitative work was conducted using in-depth interviews with leavers of HEW positions (n=20), active HEWs (n=16), and key informants (n=11) in two regions in Ethiopia. Interviews were audio recorded, and simultaneously translated into English and transcribed for analysis. Data were analysed in NVivo 12 using an iterative inductive-deductive approach. Results The conceptual framework by Ormel et al, 2019, was adapted to analyse our results thematically. We identified a number of extrinsic and intrinsic motivational factors affecting the retention and labour market choices of HEWs. While financial incentives in the form of salaries, and material incentives in the form of improvements in health facility infrastructure and provision of childcare were reported to be important, non-material factors like HEWs’ self-image, acceptance and validation by the community were found to be critical. A reduction or loss of these non-material factors proved to be the catalysts for many HEWs to leave their jobs. We also found a strong professional self-identity among HEWs, which influenced their willingness to remain in their jobs. Conclusion This is the first study to include job leavers in an analysis of factors affecting motivation of CHWs, aimed to improve retention. In addition to material incentives, our findings suggest that these workers are also socially motivated and identify strongly with their profession. Policy interventions, which also appeal to their social needs, could represent a simpler and more cost-effective means of improving retention of this workforce, especially in resource-constrained settings. Keywords Community health workers, labour market choices, motivation, Ethiopia, pro-social preferences, retention
A rare epidermoid cyst occurring in an young female: a case report and literature review
Authors: Dumitriu Roxana , Dușceac Roxana , Dumitrașcu Anda , Poiană Cătălina 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Epidermoid cysts are very rare benign lesions of epithelial origin, slow growing extra-axial tumours and they accord for 1% of all intracranial tumours. They frequently occur at the cerebellopontine angle and parasellar regions insinuating brain structures. They are often associated with a high rate of residual tumor and recurrence. Clinical Case We present the case of a 18 year old patient who was admitted in the our clinic for secondary amenorrhea. The CT scan showed a large median mass with a mixed structure (calcareous and cystic) resembling a craniopharyngioma. Preoperatively the hormonal profile showed deficiency of all anterior pituitary hormones. Transsphenoidal surgery was performed and the histopathological exam established the diagnosis of sellar epidermoid cyst with parasellar extension. Postoperatively the patient developed iatrogenic Cushing syndrome (due to large amounts of dexamethasone given) and diabetes insipidus. Conclusion Epidermoid cysts are challenging tumours because of the extension along the subarachnoid spaces around delicate neurovascular structures therefore they are difficult to be completely resected. The particularity of this case stands in the rare occurrence of this types of tumours and the fact that although in these patients with hypopituitarism diabetes insipidus is present primarily our patient developed postoperatively.
Healthcare Providers’ Perspectives on Family Presence During Resuscitation in the Emergency Departments of the Kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Abuzeyad Feras , Elhobi Ahmed , Kamkoum Wael , Bashmi Luma , Qasim Ghada Al , Alqasem Leena , Mansoor Naser Mohamed Ali , Hsu Stephanie , Das Priya 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Worldwide, policies exist on family presence during resuscitation (FPDR), however, this is still lacking in the Gulf Corporation Countries (GCC) in general and in the Kingdom of Bahrain in particular. The aim of this study is to assess the perspectives of healthcare providers (HP) on FPDR among those working in the emergency departments (EDs) in the Kingdom. MethodsA self-administered anonymous electronic survey was collected from 146 HPs (emergency physicians and nurses) working in the three major EDs in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Besides demographic data, 18 items measuring HPs’ perceptions of FPDR were generated using the 5-point Likert scale. Results Surveys (n= 146) from physicians and nurses were analysed (45.9% vs. 54.1%, respectively). There were significant differences between physicians and nurses in terms of personal beliefs, FPDR enhancing professional satisfaction and behaviour, and the importance of a support person and saying goodbye ( p < 0.001). However, general responses demonstrated that the majority of HPs encouraged and supported FPDR, but with greater support from physicians than nurses. Conclusion The study reflects that many HPs in EDs participated in and are familiar with FPDR, with the majority of ED physicians supporting it. Further studies should investigate the reasons for the lack of support from nurses. Results may contribute to the development of hospital ED policies that allow FPDR in the region.
Expression of membrane progesterone receptors in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis
Authors: VAZQUEZ-MARTINEZ EDGAR RICARDO , Bello-Álvarez Claudia , Hermenegildo-Molina Ana Lorena , Solís-Paredes Mario , Parra-Hernández Sandra , Cruz-Orozco Oliver , Silvestri-Tomassoni J. Roberto , Escobar-Ponce Luis F. , Hernández-López Luis A. , Reyes-Mayoral Christian , Olguín-Ortega Andrea , Sánchez-Ramírez Brenda , Osorio-Caballero Mauricio , García-Gómez Elizabeth , Estrada-Gutierrez Guadalupe , Cerbon Marco , Camacho-Arroyo Ignacio 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Endometriosis is one of the most frequent gynecological diseases in reproductive age women, but its etiology is not completely understood. Endometriosis is characterized by progesterone resistance, which has been explained in part by a decrease in the expression of the intracellular progesterone receptor in the ectopic endometrium. Progesterone action is also mediated by non-genomic mechanisms via membrane progesterone receptors that belong to the class II members of the progesterone and adipoQ receptor (PAQR) family. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression at mRNA and protein levels of PAQR family members in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Methods: Total RNA and total protein were isolated from control endometrium (17 samples), eutopic endometrium (17 samples), and ectopic endometrium (9 samples). The expression of PAQR7 ( mPRα ) , PAQR8 , (mPRβ) PAQR5 ( mPRγ ) , and PAQR6 ( mPRδ ) at mRNA and protein levels was evaluated by RT-qPCR and western blot. Statistical analysis between comparable groups was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons test with a confidence interval of 95%. Results: The analysis of gene expression showed that PAQR7 and PAQR5 expression was lower in both eutopic and ectopic endometrium as compared to the endometrium of women without endometriosis, whereas the expression of PAQR8 and PAQR6 was only reduced in eutopic endometrium. Furthermore, mPRα and mPRβ protein content was decreased in the ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate a decrease in the expression and protein content of mPRs in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis, which could contribute to the progesterone resistance observed in patients with this disease.
Genome-wide identification and characterization of melon bHLH transcription factors in regulation of fruit development
Authors: Bai Selinge , Tan Chao , Tian Yunyun , Ma Ming , Hasi Agula 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor family is one of the largest transcription factor families in plants, and plays crucial roles in plant development. Melon is one of an important horticulture plants, and is an attractive model plant for studying fruit ripening. However, the bHLH gene family of melon has not been identified yet, and functions in fruit growth and ripening are seldom researched. Results: In this study, 118 bHLH genes were identified in the genome of melon. Phylogenetic analysis illustrated that these CmbHLHs could be classified into 16 subfamilies. Intron distribution pattern analysis of bHLH domain found 13 intron distribution patterns in CmbHLHs. CmbHLH genes were unevenly distributed on chromosomes 1 to 12 of the melon genome, and five CmbHLH s were tandem repeat on chromosomes 4 and 8. Expression characters of CmbHLH genes were studied using the transcriptome data. Tissue analysis of indicated CmbHLH32 high expressed in female flowers and early fruit growth stage. Transgenic plant lines of overexpression of CmbHLH32 were constructed, and overexpression of CmbHLH32 result in early fruit ripening compared to the wild type fruit. Conclusions: The bHLH transcription factor family was identified and analyzed for the first time in the melon, overexpression of CmbHLH32 will affect the ripening time of melon fruit, these findings laid a theoretical foundation for further study on the role of bHLH family members in the growth and development of melon .
Penerapan Metode Gallery Walk Terhadap Berpikir Kreatif dan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa
Authors: Septiyati Nanda 
Published: February 2020

<pre>The purpose of this study was to determine differences in students 'creative thinking abilities and mathematical communication with the application of the Gallery Walk method and conventional learning, as well as improve students' creative thinking and mathematical communication skills in groups using the Gallery Walk method. The population in this study were eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Dawe. The sample taken was class VIII G as the experimental class and class VIII D as the control class. The results showed that: (1) the average ability of creative thinking and mathematical communication of students in groups using the Gallery Walk method was higher than the average value using conventional learning models; (2) there is an increase in the ability to think creatively and mathematical communication skills in groups using the Gallery Walk method.</pre><p class="JRPMAbstractBody" align="left"><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p class="JRPMAbstractBody"><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: </em><em>first keyword, second keyword, third keyword, etc.</em></p><p class="JRPMHeading1"> </p>
Pengaruh Partikel Nano Zn dan ZnO terhadap Aliran MHD Fluida Nano Pada Lapisan Batas Bola Bermagnet
Authors: Norasia Yolanda , Zulaikha Zulaikha 
Published: February 2020

<p>Fluida terdiri atas fluida Newtonian dan fluida non-Newtonian. Fluida newtonian adalah fluida yang tidak mengalami perubahan viskositas ketika terdapat gaya yang bekerja terhadap fluida tersebut. Fluida non-Newtonian bersifat sebaliknya dari fluida newtonian. Beberapa contoh fluida newtonian adalah air, minyak, dan etanol. Fluida nano adalah salah satu fluida newtonian yang terdiri atas fluida dasar air dan partikel nano. Partikel nano terdiri atas logam dan oksida logam. Partikel nano berupa logam adalah <em>Zinc</em> yang memiliki simbol <em>Zn</em>. Partikel nano berupa non logam adalah <em>Zinc Oxide </em>yang memiliki simbol <em>ZnO</em>. Pada penelitian ini dibahas mengenai magnetohidrodinamik (MHD) dari aliran fluida nano dan yang mengalir melewati bola bermagnet dengan pengaruh konveksi campuran.Pemodelan aliran fluida diperoleh dari persamaan pembangun dimensional yang meliputi persamaan kontinuitas, persamaan momentum, dan persamaan energi. Persamaan pembangun dimensional yang terbentuk ditransformasikan kedalam persamaan non-dimensional.Persamaan non-dimensional kemudian diubah menjadi persamaan similaritas dan diselesaikan menggunakan metode implicit Euler. Hasi lsimulasi menunjukkan bahwa ketika parameter magnetik ditingkatkan, maka kecepatan dan temperature aliran fluida nano <em>Zn</em>-Air dan <em>Zn</em><em>O</em>-Air mengalami penurunan.Ketika fluida nano <em>Zn</em>-Air dan <em>Zn</em><em>O</em>-Air dibandingkan, kecepatan aliran fluida nano <em>Zn-</em>Air lebih cepat mengalami peningkatan dibandingkan dengan fluida nano <em>ZnO</em>-Air. Sedangkan untuk profil temperatur, fluida nano <em>ZnO</em>-Air lebih cepat mengalami penurunan temperature dibandingkan dengan fluida nano <em>Zn</em>-Air.</p>
Extraction of Essential Oils from Medicinal Plants and their Utilization as Food Antioxidants
Authors: Ferrentino Giovanna , Morozova Ksenia , Horn Christine , Scampicchio Matteo 
Published: February 2020

Background:
The use of essential oils is receiving increasing attention worldwide, as these oils are
good sources of several bioactive compounds. Nowadays essential oils are preferred over synthetic preservatives
thanks to their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Several studies highlight the beneficial effect of essential
oils extracted from medicinal plants to cure human diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, or obesity. However,
to preserve their bioactivity, the use of appropriate extraction technologies is required.

Method:
The present review aims to describe the studies published so far on the essential oils focusing on their
sources and chemical composition, the technologies used for their recovery and their application as antioxidants
in food products.

Results:
The review has been structured in three parts. In the first part, the main compounds present in essential
oils extracted from medicinal plants have been listed and described. In the second part, the most important technologies
used for extraction and distillation, have been presented. In detail, conventional methods have been
described and compared with innovative and green technologies. Finally, in the last part, the studies related to the
application of essential oils as antioxidants in food products have been reviewed and the main findings discussed
in detail.

Conclusions:
In summary, an overview of the aforementioned subjects is presented by discussing the results of the
most recent published studies.