bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral and Swallowing Abilities Test (Orsat) for Type 1 Sma Patients: Development and Application of a New Module.
Authors: Berti Beatrice , Fanelli Lavinia , Sanctis Roberto de , Onesimo Roberta , Coratti Giorgia , Palermo Concetta , Leone Daniela , Carnicella Sara , Norcia Giulia , Forcina Nicola , Giorgio Valentina , ST Antonella Cerchiari , Lucibello Simona , Finkel Richard S. , Pane Marika , Mercuri Eugenio 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Swallowing is one of the most important aspects in the care of type 1 spinal muscular atrophy. Main text:The aim of this paper is to describe the development of a new tool specifically designed to record different aspects related to oral abilities, swallowing and feeding in young type1 SMA patients. We also report its application to a cohort of type 1 infants to identify possible changes during the first 24 months of life. The new tool includes a checklist with 12 questions for carers and a classification of levels of impairment.The scale was retrospectively used in 24 type 1 patients (8 females and 16 males,age range from2.3 to 24.1 months (average age: 10.8 months), classified according to the Dubowitz's decimal classification into 1.1 (n=8); 1.5 (n=8); 1.9 (n=8). There was a significant difference among the 3 subtypes both at baseline and at follow up (p<0.001). Type 1 infants had very low scores from the age of 3 months and a rapid deterioration already by 6 months; type 1.5 infants had a more variable progression but by 9 months 80% had the lowest scores. Patients with type 1.9 had better scores until the age of 1 year and had an overall better outcome. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the new tool may help to routinely capture changes over time in type 1 infants and that the trajectories of progression reflect the overall severity of the disease. The items assessing fatigue during the nursing sessions were the most frequently impaired even in infants who did not have any other obvious clinical sign of swallowing difficulties.
A Qualitative Study to Explore the Experience of Parents of Newborns Admitted to Neonatal Care Unit in Rural Rwanda
Authors: Byiringiro Samuel , Wong Rex , Logan Jenae , Kaneza Deogratias , Gitera Joseph , Umutesi Sharon , Kirk Catherine M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
ABSTRACT (310/350 words)
Background: Neonatal Care Units (NCUs) provide special care for sick and small newborns and can help reduce neonatal mortality. For parents, the experience of having a hospitalized newborn can be traumatic. In LMIC, especially sub-Saharan Africa, there is limited information about the parents’ experience of care in NCUs.
Objective: Our study aimed to explore the experience of parents in the NCU of a rural district hospital in Rwanda.
Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with parents whose newborns were hospitalized in the Ruli District Hospital NCU from September 2018 to January 2019. In-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured guide in the participants homes by trained data collectors. Data were transcribed, translated, and then coded using a structured code book. All data analyses were conducted using Dedoose software.
Results: Twenty-one interviews were conducted primarily with mothers (90.5%, n=19) among newborns who were most often discharged home alive (90.5%, n=19). Parents reported stressful and emotional responses to having their newborns admitted particularly when they lacked clear understanding of their newborn’s condition, generally positive communication and interactions with healthcare providers and other parents, policies and procedures in the NCU that contributed to stress and limited access to newborns by fathers and other family members, and stress due to the high financial burden of NCU care.
Conclusion: The admission of a newborn into the NCU alone was a source of stress for parents and caregivers in rural Rwanda. However, there were several positive factors of the NCU including involvement of mothers and support from healthcare providers. The experience in the NCU can be improved when healthcare providers communicate and explain the newborn’s status to the parents and actively involve them in the care of their newborn. Expanding the NCU access for families, encouraging peer support, and ensuring financial accessibility for neonatal care services could contribute to improved experiences for families.
KEYWORDS: prematurity, neonatology, family-centered care, neonatal care unit, nurses, patient satisfaction, patient experience
BK Polyoma Virus Nephropathy in an Immunocompromised Host
Authors: Khan Faraz , El Khoury Maroun , Kouli Fahad , Han Aaron 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders (PTLD) are a well known late complication after solid organ transplantation, including renal
transplant. Among others, graft failure due to reactivation of BK polyomavirus in the grafted kidney is also a well-recognized complication but
tends to present early in the first several months after transplant.

Case:
Here we present the case of PTLD Burkitt's Lymphoma (BL-PTLD) in a renal transplant patient who was successfully treated with multiagent
chemo-immunotherapy but later developed BK polyomavirus nephropathy (BKVN) with graft failure only after completion of her systemic
therapy for lymphoma and 7 years after the transplant. Relevant literature is reviewed.

Conclusion:
In this case, reactivation and progression of BKVN were most likely associated with immunosuppression from chemo-immunotherapy for her
BL–PTLD, unlike early graft failures associated with BKVN.
Quality of Life and Self-care Behavior Among People Living with Diabetes- A Study from Coastal South India
Authors: Joshi Laksita , Bhagawan Darshan , Holla Ramesh , Kulkarni Vaman , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Mohamed Faizan , Kumar Nithin , Thapar Rekha , Mithra Prasanna , Kumar Avinash 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a serious chronic condition affecting millions of people
globally. The focus of our future health care providers should not lie primarily on increasing the “quantity”
of life but also on improving the Quality of Life of the patient. There is a serious lack of awareness
and adherence regarding self-care for Diabetes in countries like India.

Objectives:
To determine the Quality of Life and self-care behavior among people living with Diabetes.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out among 190 of all patients diagnosed with Diabetes
mellitus type II of the duration of one year and more who came to Government Wenlock Hospital,
Mangalore. The Quality of Life was assessed using the WHO BREF questionnaire. Data was entered
and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences.

Results:
Amongst 190 participants, 151 (79.5%) of them had a good physical and psychological QOL.
In a social relationship and environmental health domain, good quality of life was observed among
81.6% (n=155) and 89.5% (n=170) of study participants, respectively. It was noted that out of 190 people
with Diabetes, only 24 (12.6%) participants inspected their feet daily.

Conclusion:
The Quality of Life was found to be good amongst the majority of the study participants.
Results of the study point that the majority of the patients enjoy a good quality of life but also reinstate
the importance of self-care activities for the betterment of health.
Bayesian Functional Mixed-effects Models with Grouped Smoothness for Analyzing Time-course Gene Expression Data
Authors: Ye Shangyuan , Liang Ye , Zhang Bo 
Published: May 2020

Objective:As a result of the development of microarray technologies, gene expression levels of thousands of genes involved in a given biological process can be measured simultaneously, and it is important to study their temporal behavior to understand their mechanisms. Since the dependence between gene expression levels over time for a given gene is often too complicated to model parametrically, sparse functional data analysis has received an increasing amount of attention for analyzing such data.Methods:We propose a new functional mixed-effects model for analyzing time-course gene expression data. Specifically, the model groups individual functions with heterogeneous smoothness. The proposed method utilizes the mixed-effects model representation of penalized splines for both the mean function and the individual functions. Given noninformative or weakly informative priors, Bayesian inference on the proposed models was developed, and Bayesian computation was implemented by using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods.Results:The performance of our new model was studied by two simulation studies and illustrated using a yeast cell cycle gene expression dataset. Simulation results suggest that our proposed methods can outperform the previously used methods in terms of the mean integrated squared error. The yeast gene expression data application suggests that the proposed model with two latent groups should be used on this dataset.Conclusion:The new Bayesian functional mixed-effects model that assumes multiple groups of functions with different smoothing parameters provides an enhanced approach to analyzing timecourse gene expression data.
Reasons to Engage in and Learning Experiences From Different Play Strategies in a Web-Based Serious Game on Delirium for Medical Students: Mixed Methods Design
Authors: Buijs-Spanjers Kiki R , Hegge Harianne HM , Cnossen Fokie , Jaarsma Debbie ADC , de Rooij Sophia E 
Published: May 2020

Background
Although many studies have recently been published on the value of serious games for medical education, little attention has been given to the role of dark play (choosing unacceptable actions in games).

Objective
This study aimed to investigate potential differences in the characteristics of medical students who have the opportunity to choose normal or dark play in a serious game. This study also aimed to compare their reasons for choosing a play strategy and their perceptions of what they learned from their game play.

Methods
We asked undergraduate medical students to play a serious game in which they had to take care of a patient with delirium (The Delirium Experience). After getting acquainted with the game, students could opt for normal or dark play. Student characteristics (age, gender, experience with caring for older or delirious patients, and number of completed clerkships) were collected, and the Delirium Attitude Scale and Learning Motivation and Engagement Questionnaire were administered. Reasons for choosing normal or dark play were evaluated with an open-ended question. Information on lessons they had learned from the game was collected using an open-ended question and self-reported knowledge on delirium.

Results
This study had 160 participants (89 normal play, 71 dark play). Male students (26/160, 56.5%) chose dark play significantly more often than female students (45/160, 39.5%; P=.049). We did not find significant differences in student characteristics or measurement outcomes between play strategies. Participants’ main reason for choosing normal play was to learn how to provide care to delirious patients, and the main reason for dark play was to gain insight into what a delirious patient has to endure during delirious episodes. All participants learned what to do when taking care of a delirious patient and gained insight into how a patient experiences delirium. We found no differences in self-reported knowledge.

Conclusions
When medical students have the opportunity to choose dark play in a serious game, half of them will probably choose this play strategy. Male students will more likely opt for dark play than female students. Choice of play strategy is not affected by any other student characteristic or measurement outcome. All students learned the same lessons from playing the game, irrespective of their learning strategy.
El Retorno al Humanismo en la Época de la Globalización
Authors: Cardoso Ruiz René Patricio 
Published: May 2020

El presente trabajo, no pretende ser más que una pequeña reflexión en torno a las condiciones actuales de deshumanización creciente que vive la humanidad como resultado indirecto de lo que se ha dado en llamar globalización, después de la desaparición del campo socialista, el que actuaba como muro de contención frente a la voracidad del gran capital mundial; para que de alguna forma, desde las humanidades y las ciencias sociales combatan una idea impuesta a la fuerza, la de que no hay un mundo mejor posible, y de lo que se trata es solamente de mejorarlo. Pensar de esa forma nos conduciría a una pasividad anti reflexiva que permita la imposición universal de un parámetro maniqueo y destructivo.
Pensar, incluso, que después de la caída del “Muro de Berlín” no existe forma válida de socialismo humano, me parece un sin sentido. Lo que se destruyó, si es que realmente se destruyó, fue solamente un intento de construir un mundo mejor. Le apostamos a la construcción de un mundo mejor, y mientras más humano, mejor.
The Possible Effects of Sodium Nitrite and Sodium Benzoate as Food Additives on The Liver in Male Rats
Authors: Radwan Eman Hashem , MM Elghazaly  , KK Abdel Aziz  , AI Barakat  , H Kh Hussein  
Published: May 2020

Common food additives endorsed by Food and drug Organization "FDA" are utilized to preserve taste. The display think about examined the perilous impacts of sodium nitrite, sodium benzoate and their blend which utilized in fabricating of the food additives on a few biochemical parameters and histo-pathological examination in male rats. Male rats were divided into four groups; group I utilized as control, group II and III were treated orally with sodium nitrite NaNO2 (80 mg/kg BW) and sodium benzoate (SB) (200 mg/kg BW), separately. Group IV was treated orally with the blend of sodium nitrite and sodium benzoate. Rats were managed their dosages each day for 8 weeks. It appeared that sodium nitrite, sodium benzoate and their blend (NaNO2 and SB) initiated a critical increment within the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase "AST", alanine aminotransferase "ALT". Antioxidant proteins (GSH, CAT) within the liver tissue recorded a decrease while, MDA recorded an increase action level within the tested groups. Over expression in p53 happened in exploratory groups which were treated by NaNO2, SB and their blend. The present study concluded that the blend of food additives can actuate harmfulness within the liver of rats. In conclusion, it is noted that food additives induced hepatotoxicity within the liver. It diminished the antioxidant chemicals (GSH, CAT) and elevated the activity level of the MDA and increment tumor silencer quality p53 in liver tissue. Food additive substances caused changes in biochemical parameters (ALT, AST). The utilization of food additives must be diminished. The usage of the mixture of sodium nitrite and sodium benzoate induced changes in biochemical parameters and immune-histopathology.
The Determinants of Bank Profitability Empirical Evidence from Vietnamese Commercial Banks in The Periods Of 2013 To 2018
Authors: Nguyen Dan Ngoc Minh , Vu Anh 
Published: May 2020

This research concentrates on the determinants of the profitability of the Vietnamese Commercial Banks. Both internal and external variables regarding the profitability of commercial bank sector will be focused in the analysis. Data over the period of 2013 to 2018 for 29 Vietnamese Commercial Banks[i] is obtained from via Stock Exchange or media. Fixed effect panel model are used to analyze the determinants of the profitability. By using this, we ensure for the effectiveness of the test result in terms of hypothesis along with size in order to get consistent results. The research is based on the scientific approach of quantitative methods to solve the problems posed, practical and effective service for the completion of the research purpose. The secondary data collected from the worldbank.org, vietdata.vn and annual reports (financial statement, balance sheet, etc.) of Vietnamese commercial banks in the 2013-2018 period to create asymmetric data tables will be processed on STATA software.
A Study on Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in Diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Gurupavan kumar Ganta1  , Kedari G S R  
Published: May 2020

Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder in the world. The metabolic dysregulation of diabetes mellitus affects multiple organs like Kidneys, nerves, eyes and heart. Worldwide Among all diabetics, 20-40% of the people are suffering from Diabetic Nephropathy. Oxidative stress is increased by hyperglycemia in which Reactive Oxygen Species has been implicated in the pathology of these complications. The aim of our present study is one such attempt to find the role of oxidative stress by estimating the levels of oxidants and anti oxidant levels in diabetic nephropathy in ethnic south Indian population. 30 diagnosed cases of diabetic Nephropathy were taken as cases and 30 age and sex matched Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients were included as controls in the study. For oxidant levels Malondialdehyde (MDA) was estimated and for anti oxidant levels Super oxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione Reductase (GR) were measured. Statistically significant increase is observed in the levels of Malondialdehyde in cases when compared to controls. There is no statistical significant difference in the levels of Superoxide dismutase and Glutathione peroxidase between cases and controls. Whereas statistical significant difference is observed in the levels of Glutathione reductase in Diabetic Nephropathy cases when compared with controls.
APRESIASI SASTRA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KOTA SORONG
Authors: NFN Muntihanah 
Published: May 2020

This paper aims to measure appreciation level of Grade V students in Sorong toward literaturengThis measurement uses Criterion Reference Assesment (CRA) approach beside Direct Evaluation of Literature and Indirect Evaluation of Literature. The result shows that on the whole appreciation level of literature of the Grade V students in Sorong Municipality is in Less Grade with mean score 54.64.Particularly, Indirect Appreciation Level of Literature got much lower score by mean score 37.13. Meanwhile, Direct Appreciation Level got better level with predicate Satisfatory by mean score 62.77. Keywords: literature appreciation, Criterion Reference Assesment (CRA),direct literature appreciation, indirect literature appreciation. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tingkat apresiasi sastra siswa kelas V SD di Kota Sorong. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan pendekatan penilaian acuan kriteria (PAK) dan penilaian sastra langsung dan penilaian sastra tidak langsung. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan tingkat apresiasi sastra siswa kelas V SD Kota Sorong berada pada predikat Kurang dengan capaian nilai rata-rata 54.64. Secara lebih khusus, tingkat apresiasi sastra tidak langsung jauh lebih rendahdengan capaian nilai rata-rata 37.13, meskipun sama-sama berada pada predikat Kurang. Sementara itu, tingkat apresiasi sastralangsung sedikit lebih baik karena berada pada predikat Cukup dengan capaian nilai rata-rata 62,77. Kata kunci: apresiasi sastra, penilaian acuan kriteria, apresiasi sastra langsung, apresiasi sastra tidak langsung
Analisis Laporan Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintahan Dinas Kebudayaan, Pariwisata, Pemuda dan Olahraga Kabupaten Kubu Raya
Authors: Putri Beby Nurtesha 
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study was to find out about performance measurement in the Department of Culture, Tourism, Youth and Sports of Kubu Raya Regency. Performance measurement is carried out by the Government Agency Performance Accountability Report in accordance with Presidential Instruction No. 7 of 1999. Performance measurement is used as a basis for assessing failure program efficacy and execution and activities according to targets and objectives set in realizing the vision and mission of the Regency Government. The research method used in this research is descriptive method. Data obtained, then interpreted and analyzed, so that it can provide information that can be used to solve the problem at hand. The type of data used is secondary and primary data. The results of the study show performance for all existing targets and in accordance with the expected conditions. Suggestions the government needs to establish a standard reference in preparing reports.
Keywords: Accountability, Agency Performance Accountability Report
Analisis Potensi Kecurangan Dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa (Studi: Desa Kesongo, Kecamatan Tuntang, Kabupaten Semarang, Jawa Tengah)
Authors: Alfaruqi Ismail , Kristianti Ika 
Published: May 2020

Indonesia Corruption Watch (ICW) found 154 corruption cases during 2015-2017, most of them were corruption cases involving the village budget. The potential for fraud can be detected by cheating triangle theory, namely pressure, opportunity and rationalization. The purpose of this study is to identify potential fraud in village financial management. This study uses a qualitative approach and the type of data used is primary data obtained directly using interview techniques from the village financial management process conducted by the Village Financial Management Technical Officer (PTPKD) Kesongo Village, Tuntang District, Semarang Regency. The results of the study show that in the village financial management in Kesongo Village there is potential for fraud including: the necessity to do something; disciplinary behavior; feel that they are not detrimental to others and consider mistakes to be natural and often occur. This study concluded that in Kesongo Village there was potential for fraud in the process of village financial management.
Keywords: Village Financial Management, Village Apparatus, Potential for Fraud, Control
Pemeriksaan Operasional Atas Aktivitas Penjualan Pada Hotel Alqueby Untuk Menilai Efektivitas Penjualan
Authors: Regawa Joey Giovanni 
Published: May 2020

Alqueby Hotel gets profit from renting rooms, restaurant, swimming pool tikets, and gym. Protif is needed so that the hotel can continue to run its operations. Sales activity is the primary activity in the hotel. An ineffective sales activities can cause lack of profit or even losses. So that, writer interested to do operational review on sales activity at Alqueby Hotel. Operational review is a process to analize operational activity to evaluate economic, efficient, and effective from all operation activity in the organization. Method that used in this research is descriptive method. The dependent variable in this research is effectivity, while the independent variable in this research is sales. Data for this research was obtained from two resource, primary resource was obtained through observation to Alqueby Hotel, interview with director, CEO, sales and marketing executive, front office, internal control questionaire, while secondary resource was obtained through organization structure of Alqueby Hotel, job description, income statement Alqueby Hotel, and document that used in sales activity Alqueby Hotel. To overcome those complication, writer gave several recommendation to Alqueby Hotel which is, CEO should allocate tasks with director, Alqueby Hotel should recruit marketing staff and make strategy marketing and plan marketing cost.
Keywords: Operational Review, Sales Activity, Effectivity on Sales