bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Inﬂuence of Patellofemoral Degenerative Changes on the Outcome of the Unicompartmental Knee Replacement: A Prospective Study
Authors: Abdulkarim Ali , Newton Ayla C. , O'Donnell Turlough , Neil Michael J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUnicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a recognized procedure for treatment of medial compartment osteoarthritis. Patellofemoral (PF) joint degeneration is widely considered to be a contraindication to medial compartment UKA. We examined the validity of this preconception using information gathered prospectively on 147 consecutive patients who underwent the Repicci II UKA for medial compartment osteoarthritis between July 1999 and September 2000 by the same surgeon. The status of the PF joint was assessed intraoperatively in all patients, and accordingly patients were divided into two groups. Among them, 69 had associated PF osteoarthritis (group A), while 78 patients had a normal PF compartment (group B). Variables measured included the International Knee Society (IKS) score, limb alignment, and range of motion. Radiographs, demographic data, length of hospital stay, perioperative complications were also measured. All subsequent surgery and survivorship at 10 years were recorded. The mean follow-up was 9.4 years (range: 5–10.7 years) and results of the two groups were compared. We found no significant differences in terms of IKS scores, alignment, and flexion between the two groups. However, measured extension was significantly increased postoperatively in those patients with minimal or no PF joint degenerative disease (p < 0.05).
Integrating the filler
Authors: Paspali Anastasia 
Published: May 2020

This study investigates filler integration by adult native speakers of Greek. Object Relative Clauses (RCs) including ditransitives were tested in order to address (a) whether Greek adults show reactivation of the filler at the gap as proposed by the Trace Reactivation Hypothesis (TRH), and (b) the psychological reality of two theoretical analyses of ditransitives in Greek. The first analysis proposes that the base-generated order is direct object (DO)–indirect object (IO), where the DO c-commands the IO, and the second analysis proposes that the basic word order is IO–DO, where the IO c-commands the DO. Cross-Modal Priming (CMP) (Swinney et al., 1979) and Probe-Classification During Reading aloud (Dekydtspotter et al., 2010) were employed. Trace reactivation effects confirm the TRH only in the CMP task and only when adopting the IO–DO order as basic.
The distribution of null subjects in Chinese discourse
Authors: Chen Shuangshuang (Lillian) 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Chinese is described as a null subject language, in that the
subject of a clause can be unexpressed (covert). While a large amount of previous
literature has focused on null subjects in isolated sentences, this study is
concerned with null subjects in Chinese written narrative discourse within the
framework of the Centering Theory. I examined the distribution of null subjects
and their antecedents to explore the properties of null subjects, especially the
relation between the function of null subjects and centering transitions. My
hypothesis that the use of null subjects strongly relates to the CONTINUE
transition is basically supported. Specifically, 96.48% are referential null
subjects. Besides, I found that null subjects can also occur in other transition
types, particularly in SMOOTH transitions (52.59%). The difference is that null
subjects in CONTINUE transitions are overwhelmingly referential null subjects
(96.48%), while they are non-referential null subjects (60.66%) in SMOOTH
transitions.
The acceptability of 把 ba+subject-oriented resultatives in
Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Yu Shuo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The combination of 把 ba and subject-oriented
resultative constructions in Mandarin Chinese, which is not always well accepted
by native speakers, has so far received little scholarly attention. To test the
acceptability of 把 ba + subject-oriented resultatives
in Chinese, based on examples in the corpora, a questionnaire survey among 71
Chinese college students was carried out with the technique of magnitude
estimation, which could detect small but significant differences in acceptability.
The results suggest that the acceptability of 把 ba + subject-oriented resultatives
depends on the degree of transitivity of the sentence. In general, patterns with
the interpretation of the subject making efforts to achieve something thoroughly
are acceptable. The cognitive explanation I propose is that a high degree of
transitivity expressed by the sentence is compatible with the function of
把 ba as a marker of high
transitivity.
Gender representation in Chinese language
Authors: Li Lan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Different from Romanized languages with gender marker, the
Chinese language does not have inflections in nouns, adjectives and verbs when the
subject is a female. Instead, a semantic stem or the radical
woman 女 (nü) is used to directly
indicate femininity. This study takes a lexicographic and corpus approach to
explore gender representation in Chinese and discusses its forms, meanings and
usages. First, characters with the radical woman were classified
into different semantic fields to see how they represent women and reflect social
ideologies. Second, their representations in a modern Chinese dictionary were
compared with a classic one to see the historical change. Third, the use of the
words was explored in a mega-corpus of 287 million Chinese characters. It is
interesting to see that more than 70% of the characters with the radical
女
(nü, woman) listed in classic Chinese dictionaries have
vanished in modern society probably due to language evolution and social-cultural
changes such as a shift in attitudes towards women. A few characters changed their
female semantic element to a gender-neutral one. Gender representation in Chinese
is also reflected in Chinese idioms, the word order and gendered third-person
pronoun. Understanding these forms can provide insight into Chinese culture and
raise awareness of shifting trends of their use in the language.
Hyperhomocysteinemia-Induced Oxidative Stress Aggravates Renal Damage in Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Gao Ning , Zhang Yuzhen , Li Li , Lei Lei , Cao Ping , Zhao Xuan , Lin Lin , Xu Rui 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) plays a synergistic role with hypertension in vascular injury; however, the relationship between HHcy and hypertension in renal injury remains unclear. Here, we sought to evaluate the relationship between HHcy and hypertension in the context of renal injury and to elucidate the mechanism of action underlying this relationship.

METHODS
Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomized into WKY, WKY + HHcy, SHR, and SHR + HHcy groups. Blood pressure, plasma homocysteine, serum malondialdehyde (MDA), serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured. Renal histopathology and expression levels of NOX2, NOX4, and nephrin in the kidneys were examined.

RESULTS
The WKY + HHcy and SHR groups exhibited lower serum SOD and GFR levels, relative to the WKY group, along with higher levels of both serum MDA and UACR. Higher mRNA and protein expression levels of NOX2 and NOX4, along with lower expression levels of nephrin, were observed in the kidneys of WKY + HHcy and SHR rats, relative to WKY controls, respectively. Similar effects were observed in the SHR + HHcy group, relative to the SHR group and WKY + HHcy group, respectively. Periodic acid-Schiff staining showed an increase in the glomerular extracellular matrix in the WKY + HHcy and SHR + HHcy groups compared with their respective controls.

CONCLUSIONS
HHcy appears to synergistically increase hypertensive renal damage by enhancing oxidative stress.
MiR-17 Knockdown Promotes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Modulation Through Upregulated Interferon Regulator Factor 9 Expression
Authors: Li Wenyan , Deng Ping , Wang Junhua , Li Zhaofeng , Zhang Huming 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND
MiR-17 is a small noncoding RNA that plays an important role in the development of tumorgenesis, which recently has emerged to be involved in regulation of inflammatory responses and angiogenesis. However, the effect and underlying mechanism of miR-17 on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic modulation have not been investigated.

METHODS AND RESULTS
In the current study, we observed that miR-17 expression tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was downregulated in VSMCs administrated with platelet-derived growth factor-BB stimulation and carotid arteries subjected to wire injury, which were accompanied with decreased VSMC differentiation markers. Loss-of-function strategy demonstrated that miR-17 knockdown promoted VSMC phenotypic modulation characterized as decreased VSMC differentiation marker genes, increased proliferated and migrated capability of VSMC examined by RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Mechanistically, the bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assay demonstrated that miR-17 directly targeted Interferon Regulator Factor 9 (IRF9) and the upregulated IRF9 expression was responsible for the promoted effect miR-17 knockdown on VSMC phenotypic modulation.

CONCLUSIONS
Taken together, our results demonstrated that miR-17 knockdown accelerated VSMC phenotypic modulation partially through directly targeting to IRF9, which suggested that miR-17 may act as a novel therapeutic target for intimal hyperplasia management.
Chronic Alcohol Intake Exacerbates Cardiac Dysfunction After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Liang Yu , Xu Xuewen , Li Qin , Deng Yan , Xie Maodi , Zheng Yanyi , Ou Wei , He Qinqin , Xu Xiaoyan , Wu Wei , Li Tao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Aims
Alcohol intake is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. This study was designed to investigate whether chronic alcohol intake affects myocardial infarction (MI)-induced cardiac remodeling and heart failure.

Methods
Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: Sham group (Sham), MI plus drinking water group (MI + Vehicle), and MI plus daily alcohol intake for 6 weeks with or without gavage of additional alcohol every 3 days (MI + Alcohol and MI + Alcohol + G). The MI were induced by permanent left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation surgery before vehicle or alcohol treatment. The blood alcohol concentration (BAC), cardiac function, release of cardiac enzymes, pathological changes and mitochondrial function were measured.

Results
As expected, supplementation of alcohol in drinking water significantly increased random BAC in mice. Long-term exposure to alcohol further reduced body weight, ejection fraction and fractional shortening in comparison with the MI + Vehicle group. Histopathological data showed that alcohol increased fibrosis in infarct zone, which was well correlated with the functional decline. Also, as compared to the MI + Vehicle group, the adenosine diphosphate-supported respiratory function of freshly isolated cardiac mitochondria was inhibited in the MI + Alcohol + G group. Besides, upon MI-induced cardiac damage, we did not observe further changes in heart weight, cardiomyocyte enlargement in remote zone, exercise capacity, lung edema and the release of cardiac enzyme after chronic alcohol intake.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that chronic daily alcohol exposure exacerbated MI-induced cardiac dysfunction, which is related to promoted myocardial fibrosis and inhibited mitochondrial function.
Colony size affects breeding density, but not spatial distribution type, in a seabird
Authors: Bouwhuis Sandra , Ballani Felix , Bourgeois Marie , Stoyan Dietrich 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe spatial distribution of individuals within populations can result in fine-scale density dependence and affect the social environment that is encountered. As such, it is important to quantify within-population spatial structuring and understand the factors that shape it. In this study, we make use of point process statistics to test whether colony size affects the statistical type of spatial nest distribution produced by common terns (Sterna hirundo) breeding at identical manmade rectangular and homogeneous islands of fixed physical size. Comparing subcolonies of variable density both within and across years, we find that inter-nest distances are smaller at higher local and overall breeding density, but that the spatial distribution type does not vary across the observed densities. This suggests that the birds’ main settlement rules do not depend on density. In our case, analyses of fine-scale density dependence or potential social effects therefore do not need to account for between-individual heterogeneity in settlement decision rules or acceptance of these rules. We urge, however, other studies to similarly test for density dependence of the spatial distribution of individuals before undertaking such “downstream” analyses.
Partial Support for an Interaction Between a Polygenic Risk Score for Major Depressive Disorder and Prenatal Maternal Depressive Symptoms on Infant Right Amygdalar Volumes
Authors: Acosta H , Kantojärvi K , Hashempour N , Pelto J , Scheinin N M , Lehtola S J , Lewis J D , Fonov V S , Collins D L , Evans A , Parkkola R , Lähdesmäki T , Saunavaara J , Karlsson L , Merisaari H , Paunio T , Karlsson H , Tuulari J J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Psychiatric disease susceptibility partly originates prenatally and is shaped by an interplay of genetic and environmental risk factors. A recent study has provided preliminary evidence that an offspring polygenic risk score for major depressive disorder (PRS-MDD), based on European ancestry, interacts with prenatal maternal depressive symptoms (GxE) on neonatal right amygdalar (US and Asian cohort) and hippocampal volumes (Asian cohort). However, to date, this GxE interplay has only been addressed by one study and is yet unknown for a European ancestry sample. We investigated in 105 Finnish mother–infant dyads (44 female, 11–54 days old) how offspring PRS-MDD interacts with prenatal maternal depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, gestational weeks 14, 24, 34) on infant amygdalar and hippocampal volumes. We found a GxE effect on right amygdalar volumes, significant in the main analysis, but nonsignificant after multiple comparison correction and some of the control analyses, whose direction paralleled the US cohort findings. Additional exploratory analyses suggested a sex-specific GxE effect on right hippocampal volumes. Our study is the first to provide support, though statistically weak, for an interplay of offspring PRS-MDD and prenatal maternal depressive symptoms on infant limbic brain volumes in a cohort matched to the PRS-MDD discovery sample.
Clinical and In Vitro Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to Artesunate-Amodiaquine in Cambodia
Authors: Mairet-Khedim Melissa , Leang Rithea , Marmai Camille , Khim Nimol , Kim Saorin , Ke Sopheakvatey , Kauy Chhayleang , Kloeung Nimol , Eam Rotha , Chy Sophy , Izac Brigitte , Mey Bouth Denis , Dorina Bustos Maria , Ringwald Pascal , Ariey Frederic , Witkowski Benoit 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Artesunate-amodiaquine is a potential therapy for uncomplicated malaria in Cambodia.

Methods
Between September 2016 and January 2017, artesunate-amodiaquine efficacy and safety were evaluated in a prospective, open-label, single-arm observational study at health centers in Mondulkiri, Pursat, and Siem Reap Provinces, Cambodia. Adults and children with microscopically confirmed Plasmodium falciparum malaria received oral artesunate-amodiaquine once daily for 3 days plus single-dose primaquine, with follow-up on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. The primary outcome was day-28 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-adjusted adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR). An amodiaquine parasite survival assay (AQSA) was developed and applied to whole genome sequencing results to evaluate potential amodiaquine resistance molecular markers.

Results
In 63 patients, day-28 PCR-adjusted ACPR was 81.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 68.9–88.7). Day 3 parasite positivity rate was 44.4% (28/63; 95% CI, 31.9–57.5). All 63 isolates had the K13(C580Y) marker for artemisinin resistance; 79.4% (50/63) had Pfpm2 amplification. The AQSA resistance phenotype (≥45% parasite survival) was expressed in 36.5% (23/63) of isolates and was significantly associated with treatment failure (P = .0020). Pfmdr1 mutant haplotypes were N86/184F/D1246, and Pfcrt was CVIET or CVIDT at positions 72–76. Additional Pfcrt mutations were not associated with amodiaquine resistance, but the G353V mutant allele was associated with ACPR compared to Pfmdr1 haplotypes harboring F1068L or S784L/R945P mutations (P = .030 and P = .0004, respectively).

Conclusions
For uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Cambodia, artesunate-amodiaquine had inadequate efficacy owing to amodiaquine-resistant P. falciparum. Amodiaquine resistance was not associated with previously identified molecular markers.
The Urgent Need for Medicare Reimbursement for Home Infusion Antibiotics Amidst a Pandemic
Authors: Streifel Amber C , Sikka Monica K 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Medicare does not reimburse for home infusion; patients requiring outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy must seek treatment in high-risk settings. We recommend policy change to allow for adequate social distancing during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
ForageGrassBase: molecular resource for the forage grass meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.)
Authors: Samy Jeevan Karloss Antony , Rognli Odd Arne , Kovi Mallikarjuna Rao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) is one of the most important forage grasses in temperate regions. It is a diploid (2n = 14) outbreeding species that belongs to the genus Festuca. Together with Lolium perenne, they are the most important genera of forage grasses. Meadow fescue has very high quality of yield with good winter survival and persistency. However, extensive genomic resources for meadow fescue have not become available so far. To address this lack of comprehensive publicly available datasets, we have developed functionally annotated draft genome sequences of two meadow fescue genotypes, ‘HF7/2’ and ‘B14/16’, and constructed the platform ForageGrassBase, available at http://foragegrass.org/, for data visualization, download and querying. This is the first open-access platform that provides extensive genomic resources related to this forage grass species. The current database provides the most up-to-date draft genome sequence along with structural and functional annotations for genes that can be accessed using Genome Browser (GBrowse), along with comparative genomic alignments to Arabidopsis, L. perenne, barley, rice, Brachypodium and maize genomes. We have integrated homologous search tool BLAST also for the users to analyze their data. Combined, GBrowse, BLAST and downloadable data gives a user-friendly access to meadow fescue genomic resources. To our knowledge, ForageGrassBase is the first genome database dedicated to forage grasses. The current forage grass database provides valuable resources for a range of research fields related to meadow fescue and other forage crop species, as well as for plant research communities in general. The genome database can be accessed at http://foragegrass.org.
Meta-analysis of prognostic factors of overall survival in patients undergoing oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer
Authors: Kamarajah Sivesh K , Marson Ella J , Zhou Dengyi , Wyn-Griffiths Freddie , Lin Aaron , Evans Richard P T , Bundred James R , Singh Pritam , Griffiths Ewen A 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionCurrently, the American Joint Commission on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is used for prognostication for oesophageal cancer. However, several prognostically important factors have been reported but not incorporated. This meta-analysis aimed to characterize the impact of preoperative, operative, and oncological factors on the prognosis of patients undergoing curative resection for oesophageal cancer.MethodsThis systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines and eligible studies were identified through a search of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases up to 31 December 2018. A meta-analysis was conducted with the use of random-effects modeling to determine pooled univariable hazard ratios (HRs). The study was prospectively registered with the PROSPERO database (Registration: CRD42018157966).ResultsOne-hundred and seventy-one articles including 73,629 patients were assessed quantitatively. Of the 122 factors associated with survival, 39 were significant on pooled analysis. Of these. the strongly associated prognostic factors were ‘pathological’ T stage (HR: 2.07, CI95%: 1.77–2.43, P &lt; 0.001), ‘pathological’ N stage (HR: 2.24, CI95%: 1.95–2.59, P &lt; 0.001), perineural invasion (HR: 1.54, CI95%: 1.36–1.74, P &lt; 0.001), circumferential resection margin (HR: 2.17, CI95%: 1.82–2.59, P &lt; 0.001), poor tumor grade (HR: 1.53, CI95%: 1.34–1.74, P &lt; 0.001), and high neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio (HR: 1.47, CI95%: 1.30–1.66, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionSeveral tumor biological variables not included in the AJCC 8th edition classification can impact on overall survival. Incorporation and validation of these factors into prognostic models and next edition of the AJCC system will enable personalized approach to prognostication and treatment.
Management of non-culprit coronary plaques in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Montone Rocco A. , Niccoli Giampaolo , Crea Filippo , Jang Ik-Kyung 
Published: May 2020

AbstractApproximately 50% of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have multivessel coronary artery disease, a condition associated with an increased incidence of recurrent ischaemic events and higher mortality. Based on recent evidences, a strategy of staged percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of obstructive non-culprit lesions should be considered the gold standard for the management of these patients. However, several issues remain still unresolved. Indeed, what is the optimal timing of staged PCI is not completely defined. Moreover, assessment of intermediate non-culprit lesions represent still a clinical conundrum, as pressure-wire indexes do not seem able to correctly identify those patients in whom deferral is safe. Intracoronary imaging may help to identify untreated non-culprit lesions containing vulnerable plaques that may portend a higher risk of future cardiovascular events. However, there are hitherto no studies demonstrating that preventive PCI of vulnerable plaques or more intensive pharmacological treatment is associated with an improved clinical outcome. In this review, we discuss the recent evolving concepts about management of non-culprit plaques in STEMI patients, proposing a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm to guide physicians in clinical practice. We also underscore the several knowledge gaps to address in future studies.
Patient-centered communication and emotional well-being in the era of medical violence in China
Authors: Jiang Shaohai , Hong Y Alicia 
Published: May 2020

Summary
The past decade has witnessed an increasing number of patient assaults on doctors in China. Patient-centered communication (PCC) may be one way to mitigate this problem. This study examined the effects of PCC and patient trust on emotional health outcome, especially how patients’ attitude toward medical violence affected this relationship. Data were drawn from the China Governance and Public Policy Survey administered in 2017 with a sample size of 3784. The results showed that PCC had no direct effect on emotional well-being. Instead, patient trust completely mediated this path. Also, patients’ attitude toward medical violence increased the indirect effect of PCC on emotional well-being, suggesting a moderated mediation model. We call for education programs to promote PCC for both providers and patients, mass media campaigns to condemn violence against doctors and stricter law enforcement to stop medical violence.