bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A transporter for delivering zinc to the developing tiller bud and panicle in rice
Authors: Mu Shuai , Yamaji Naoki , Sasaki Akimasa , Luo Le , Du Binbin , Che Jing , Shi Huichao , Zhao Haoqiang , Huang Sheng , Deng Fenglin , Shen Zhenguo , Guerinot Mary Lou , Zheng Luqing , Ma Jian Feng 
Published: November 2020

SUMMARYTiller number is one of the most important agronomic traits that determine rice (Oryza sativa) yield. Active growth of tiller bud (TB) requires high amount of mineral nutrients; however, the mechanism underlying the distribution of mineral nutrients to TB with low transpiration is unknown. Here, we found that the distribution of Zn to TB is mediated by OsZIP4, one of the ZIP (ZRT, IRT‐like protein) family members. The expression of OsZIP4 was highly detected in TB and nodes, and was induced by Zn deficiency. Immunostaining analysis revealed that OsZIP4 was mainly expressed in phloem of diffuse vascular bundles in the nodes and the axillary meristem. The mutation of OsZIP4 did not affect the total Zn uptake, but altered Zn distribution; less Zn was delivered to TB and new leaf, but more Zn was retained in the basal stems at the vegetative growth stage. Bioimaging analysis showed that the mutant aberrantly accumulated Zn in enlarged and transit vascular bundles of the basal node, whereas in wild‐type high accumulation of Zn was observed in the meristem part. At the reproductive stage, mutation of OsZIP4 resulted in delayed panicle development, which is associated with decreased Zn distribution to the panicles. Collectively, OsZIP4 is involved in transporting Zn to the phloem of diffuse vascular bundles in the nodes for subsequent distribution to TBs and other developing tissues. It also plays a role in transporting Zn to meristem cells in the TBs.
Fecal blood loss: A quantitative method of evaluating hemostasis in patients with thrombocytopenia
Authors: Slichter Sherrill J. , Gernsheimer Terry , LeBlanc Renee , Townsend‐McCall Dee , Jones Mary Kay , Cuaron Linda , Bolgiano Doug 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of our studies was to determine if fecal blood loss can provide a quantitative measure of bleeding at platelet counts of 20 000/μL or less in patients with hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia and to document the effects of different prophylactic platelet transfusion triggers on fecal blood loss.Methods and MaterialsPatients had an aliquot of their autologous red blood cells (RBCs) labeled with 51Cr. Following reinjection of their radiolabeled RBCs, all feces and a daily blood sample were collected to determine fecal blood loss per day. Three different studies were performed in patients with thrombocytopenia: The first was in patients with thrombocytopenia with aplastic anemia who were not receiving platelet transfusions, and the other two trials involved thrombocytopenic patients with cancer who were receiving prophylactic platelet transfusions at platelet transfusion triggers of 5000/μL, 10 000/μL, or 20 000/μL.ResultsIn patients with thrombocytopenia not receiving platelet transfusions, fecal blood loss does not increase substantially until platelet counts are 5000/μL or less. When platelet transfusions are given prophylactically to patients with cancer with chemotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia at platelet counts of 5000/μL or less, fecal blood loss and red cell transfusion requirements are the same as those for patients transfused prophylactically at higher transfusion triggers of 10 000 platelets/μL or 20 000 platelets/μL. However, the total number of platelet transfusions needed increases significantly, and the duration of the patient's thrombocytopenia tends to be longer at the higher platelet transfusion thresholds.ConclusionA prophylactic platelet transfusion threshold of 5000/μL or greater is sufficient to maintain hemostasis in patients with thrombocytopenia.
Minor impact of patient alloantibodies against human platelet antigen (HPA)‐15 in the effectiveness of platelet transfusion: A pilot study
Authors: Inoue Hiroko , Sakamoto Rumi , Nishimiya Hiroko , Sakamoto Hiroe , Terasu Shota , Aminaka Ryota , Koh Yangsook , Takihara Yoshihiro , Hirayama Fumiya , Kuroishi Ayumu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlloantibodies against human platelet antigen (HPA)‐15 are sometimes detected in patients with platelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR); however, little is known about their impact on PTR.Study Design and MethodsTwo patients who possessed HPA‐15 alloantibodies (Patient 1, anti‐HPA‐15b; Patient 2, anti‐HPA‐15a) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies were enrolled. The efficacy of HPA‐15–compatible vs –incompatible platelet transfusion was compared by focusing on ABO‐ and HLA‐matched transfusions on the basis of the 24‐hour corrected count increment (CCI‐24 hours) for platelets. The titers of HPA‐15 antibodies in the patients' sera were also monitored.ResultsThe patients received 71 and 12 ABO‐compatible, HLA‐matched platelet transfusions, respectively, during the monitoring periods. Among these transfusions, CCI‐24 hours could be calculated in 27 and 10 transfusions, respectively, and the HPA‐15 genotype of the donors was determined. There were no significant differences in the CCI‐24 hours between the HPA‐15 compatible and incompatible transfusions in both patients (P = .30 and .56, respectively, Mann‐Whitney U test). There was no significant change in the HPA‐15b antibody titer in Patient 1 during the monitoring period, while the HPA‐15a antibody level in Patient 2 was undetectable at the end of the monitoring period, although the titer was low at the beginning.ConclusionThe efficacy of HPA‐15–incompatible platelet transfusions was not necessarily inferior to that of HPA‐15 compatible ones. Although the case number was limited, our results suggest that HPA‐15 antibodies do not have a significant impact on the effects of platelet transfusion.
Influence of locoregional lymph node aspiration cytology vs sentinel lymph node mapping and biopsy on disease stage assignment in dogs with integumentary mast cell tumors
Authors: Lapsley Janis , Hayes Galina M. , Janvier Valentin , Newman Ashleigh W. , Peters‐Kennedy Jeanine , Balkman Cheryl , Sumner Julia P. , Johnson Philippa 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the effect of sentinel lymph node (SLN) histology vs locoregional lymph node (LRLN) fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology on assigned disease stage and adjunctive treatment recommendations and describe the incidence of anatomic disparity between the LRLN and SLN.Study designA pre‐post study refers to a study design type in which subjects are compared pre and post the intervention of interest.AnimalsSeventeen dogs undergoing primary excision of 20 cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell tumors (MCT).MethodsClient‐owned dogs presenting to the Cornell University Hospital for Animals for surgical removal of a cytologically confirmed cutaneous or subcutaneous MCT >1 cm in diameter were enrolled. Cytological examination of FNA from the LRLN was compared with histology of the SLN. The SLN was identified by indirect computed tomographic lymphangiography (ICTL) after peritumoral injection of iopamidol and scanning at 1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 minutes. Histopathologic node score > 1 was considered metastatic. After case review by an oncologist, LRLN FNA cytology was compared with SLN histology for effect on changes in stage assignment and adjunctive treatment recommendations.ResultsMast cell tumors were graded as 2 low (n = 11), 2 high (n = 2), and subcutaneous (n = 7). Optimal scan timing was 10 minutes after injection of iopamidol. Sentinel lymph node differed anatomically from LRLN in 5 of 18 scans. Metastases were detected by histology in 9 of 20 SLN compared with in 1 of 20 FNA of LRLN (P = .001), changing stage and adjunctive treatment recommendations 8 of 20 tumors. Only 6 of 19 LRLN FNA samples were diagnostic.ConclusionSentinel lymph nodes were consistently identified with ICTL and differed from LRLN in one‐quarter of tumors. Histopathological examination of SLN altered recommendations in half of the dogs compared with the previous standard of care.Clinical significanceIndirect computed tomographic lymphangiography and SLN excision should be considered as a new standard for dogs with MCT.
Laparoscopic correction of sliding hiatal hernia in eight dogs: Description of technique, complications, and short‐term outcome
Authors: Monnet Eric 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe a novel laparoscopic technique to treat sliding hiatal hernia in dogs.Study designRetrospective case series.AnimalsEight dogs with sliding hiatal hernia treated with laparoscopy.MethodsSurgery reports were reviewed for technique description and animal outcomes.ResultsSix dogs were brachycephalic. Dogs were placed in right lateral oblique recumbency. Four dogs were placed in a reverse Trendelenburg position to visualize the esophageal hiatus. A single port was placed 2 cm caudal to the last rib on the left side. An extra cannula was added in four dogs. A large‐bore orogastric tube was introduced in five dogs and used in four dogs to reduce the hernia. A unidirectional nonabsorbable barbed suture was used for the closure of the esophageal hiatus and the esophagopexy. A left‐sided gastropexy was performed for all the cases. The gastropexy was performed with a gastrostomy tube to bypass the esophagus in four dogs. Intraoperative complications included pneumothorax in three dogs. Conversion was elective in three cases and emergent in one case. Clinical signs were recorded as improved in each dog. The median follow‐up time was 16.5 days (range, 9‐264).ConclusionHiatal hernia repair was performed laparoscopically in this population. Repair included a combination of esophageal plication, esophagopexy, and left‐sided gastropexy. Reverse Trendelenburg animal positioning and orogastric tube placement facilitated the reduction of the hernia.Clinical significanceLaparoscopy is an option for the treatment of sliding hiatal hernia in dogs.
Rapid impact of Impatiens glandulifera control on above‐ and belowground invertebrate communities
Authors: Wood Suzy V. , Maczey Norbert , Currie Amanda F. , Lowry Alyssa J. , Rabiey Mojgan , Ellison Carol A. , Jackson Robert W. , Gange Alan C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe annual plant Impatiens glandulifera (Himalayan balsam) is the most widespread invasive non‐native weed in the British Isles. Manual control is widely used, but is costly and laborious. Recently, biological control using the rust fungus Puccinia komarovii var. glanduliferae has been trialled. We designed an experiment to assess the impact of these control methods on invertebrate communities in relation to unmanaged and uninvaded habitats, and to determine whether mycorrhizal inoculation aided post‐control recovery of these communities. Sixty invaded and twenty uninvaded field soil blocks were transplanted to the experiment site, where a mycorrhizal inoculum was added to half of all blocks. Biological and mechanical control treatments were applied to twenty invaded blocks independently; the twenty remaining invaded blocks were left intact. Above‐ and belowground invertebrate samples were collected from the blocks at the end of the growing season. Overall, aboveground invertebrate abundance increased with the removal of I. glandulifera, and several groups showed signs of recovery within one growing season. The effect of mechanical control was more variable in belowground invertebrates. Biological control did not affect aboveground invertebrate abundance but resulted in large increases in populations of belowground Collembola. Our experiment demonstrates that mechanical removal of I. glandulifera can cause rapid increases in invertebrate abundance and that its biological control with P. komarovii var. glanduliferae also has the potential to benefit native invertebrate communities.
Data-Driven Topology Optimization With Multiclass Microstructures Using Latent Variable Gaussian Process
Authors: Wang Liwei , Tao Siyu , Zhu Ping , Chen Wei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe data-driven approach is emerging as a promising method for the topological design of multiscale structures with greater efficiency. However, existing data-driven methods mostly focus on a single class of microstructures without considering multiple classes to accommodate spatially varying desired properties. The key challenge is the lack of an inherent ordering or “distance” measure between different classes of microstructures in meeting a range of properties. To overcome this hurdle, we extend the newly developed latent-variable Gaussian process (LVGP) models to create multi-response LVGP (MR-LVGP) models for the microstructure libraries of metamaterials, taking both qualitative microstructure concepts and quantitative microstructure design variables as mixed-variable inputs. The MR-LVGP model embeds the mixed variables into a continuous design space based on their collective effects on the responses, providing substantial insights into the interplay between different geometrical classes and material parameters of microstructures. With this model, we can easily obtain a continuous and differentiable transition between different microstructure concepts that can render gradient information for multiscale topology optimization. We demonstrate its benefits through multiscale topology optimization with aperiodic microstructures. Design examples reveal that considering multiclass microstructures can lead to improved performance due to the consistent load-transfer paths for micro- and macro-structures.
A Strategy to Tune Acoustic Terminations of Single-Can Test-Rigs to Mimic Thermoacoustic Behavior of a Full Engine
Authors: Haeringer Matthias , Fournier Guillaume J. J. , Meindl Max , Polifke Wolfgang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Thermoacoustic properties of can-annular combustors are commonly investigated by means of single-can test-rigs. To obtain representative results, it is crucial to mimic can–can coupling present in the full engine. However, current approaches either lack a solid theoretical foundation or are not practicable for high-pressure rigs. In this study, we employ Bloch-wave theory to derive reflection coefficients that correctly represent can–can coupling. We propose a strategy to impose such reflection coefficients at the acoustic terminations of a single-can test-rig by installing passive acoustic elements, namely straight ducts or Helmholtz resonators. In an iterative process, these elements are adapted to match the reflection coefficients for the dominant frequencies of the full engine. The strategy is demonstrated with a network model of a generic can-annular combustor and a three-dimensional (3D) model of a realistic can-annular combustor configuration. For the latter, we show that can–can coupling via the compressor exit plenum is negligible for frequencies sufficiently far away from plenum eigenfrequencies. Without utilizing previous knowledge of relevant frequencies or flame dynamics, the test-rig models are adapted within a few iterations and match the full engine with good accuracy. Using Helmholtz resonators for test-rig adaption turns out to be more viable than using straight ducts.
The Impact of Legalization of Sports Gambling: How Motivation, Fandom, and Gender Influence Sport-Related Consumption
Authors: Cason Dan , Lee Minkyo , Lee Jaedeock , Yeo In-Sung , Arner Edward J. 
Published: November 2020

This study examined how the legalization of sports wagering, in association with several factors (i.e., gender, motivations, and fandom), has impacted gambling behavior, interests in sport, and sport-related consumption (e.g., media, ticket sales) using a sample of active gamblers above the age of 21 (N = 58). The findings showed that economic motivation significantly predicted gambling behavior, interests in sports, and sport-related consumption, while fandom did not. People who are motivated by money are more likely to wager on sport and consume sport. However, being a sport fan or not does not impact those variables. Based on the results of the current study, it could be suggested that, since sports wagering was recently legalized, sport organizations should move quickly to attract new and potential market segments (e.g., gamblers).
Examining the Effects of an Interspersed Biofeedback Training Intervention on Physiological Indices
Authors: Nelson Ferguson Kendra , Hall Craig , Divine Alison 
Published: November 2020

The study aimed to determine whether athletes who practice biofeedback are able to self-regulate by reaching resonance frequency and gaining physiological control quicker than if practice time integrates imagery or a rest period. Intervention effectiveness (e.g., intervention length, time spent training) was also explored. Twenty-seven university athletes were assigned to one of three groups: (a) biofeedback (i.e., continuous training), (b) biofeedback/imagery (i.e., interspersed with imagery), and (c) biofeedback/rest (i.e., interspersed with a rest period). Five biofeedback sessions training respiration rate, heart rate variability, and skin conductance were conducted. A repeated-measure analysis of variance showed a significant interaction between groups over time (p ≤ .05) for respiration rate, heart rate variability, and skin conductance, indicating that resonance frequency and physiological control was regained following imagery or a rest period. Postmanipulation check data found intervention length and training time to be sufficient. Combining imagery with biofeedback may optimize management of psychophysiological processes.
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on mink farms between humans and mink and back to humans
Authors: Oude Munnink Bas B. , Sikkema Reina S. , Nieuwenhuijse David F. , Molenaar Robert Jan , Munger Emmanuelle , Molenkamp Richard , van der Spek Arco , Tolsma Paulien , Rietveld Ariene , Brouwer Miranda , Bouwmeester-Vincken Noortje , Harders Frank , Hakze-van der Honing Renate , Wegdam-Blans Marjolein C. A. , Bouwstra Ruth J. , GeurtsvanKessel Corine , van der Eijk Annemiek A. , Velkers Francisca C. , Smit Lidwien A. M. , Stegeman Arjan , van der Poel Wim H. M. , Koopmans Marion P. G. 
Published: November 2020

Two-way transmission on mink farmsSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a zoonotic virus—one that spilled over from another species to infect and transmit among humans. We know that humans can infect other animals with SARS-CoV-2, such as domestic cats and even tigers in zoos. Oude Munninket al.used whole-genome sequencing to show that SARS-CoV-2 infections were rife among mink farms in the southeastern Netherlands, all of which are destined to be closed by March 2021 (see the Perspective by Zhou and Shi). Toward the end of June 2020, 68% of mink farm workers tested positive for the virus or had antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. These large clusters of infection were initiated by human COVID-19 cases with viruses that bear the D614G mutation. Sequencing has subsequently shown that mink-to-human transmission also occurred. More work must be done to understand whether there is a risk that mustelids may become a reservoir for SARS-CoV-2.Science, this issue p.172; see also p.120
Changes in heart rate from 5 s to 5 min after birth in vaginally delivered term newborns with delayed cord clamping
Authors: Bjorland Peder Aleksander , Ersdal Hege Langli , Eilevstjønn Joar , Øymar Knut , Davis Peter G , Rettedal Siren Irene 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveTo determine heart rate centiles during the first 5 min after birth in healthy term newborns delivered vaginally with delayed cord clamping.DesignSingle-centre prospective observational study.SettingStavanger University Hospital, Norway, March–August 2019.PatientsTerm newborns delivered vaginally were eligible for inclusion. Newborns delivered by vacuum or forceps or who received any medical intervention were excluded.InterventionsA novel dry electrode electrocardiography monitor (NeoBeat) was applied to the newborn’s chest immediately after birth. The newborns were placed on their mother’s chest or abdomen, dried and stimulated, and cord clamping was delayed for at least 1 min.Main outcome measuresHeart rate was recorded at 1 s intervals, and the 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 97th centiles were calculated from 5 s to 5 min after birth.Results898 newborns with a mean (SD) birth weight 3594 (478) g and gestational age 40 (1) weeks were included. The heart rate increased rapidly from median (IQR) 122 (98–146) to 168 (146–185) beats per minute (bpm) during the first 30 s after birth, peaking at 175 (157–189) bpm at 61 s after birth, and thereafter slowly decreasing. The third centile reached 100 bpm at 34 s, suggesting that heart rates <100 bpm during the first minutes after birth are uncommon in healthy newborns after delayed cord clamping.ConclusionThis report presents normal heart rate centiles from 5 s to 5 min after birth in healthy term newborns delivered vaginally with delayed cord clamping.
Scotopic microperimetric sensitivity and inner choroid flow deficits as predictors of progression to nascent geographic atrophy
Authors: Corradetti Giulia , Tiosano Liran , Nassisi Marco , Alagorie Ahmed Roshdy , Corvi Federico , Nittala Muneeswar Gupta , Sadda SriniVas 
Published: November 2020

Background/Aims
To assess the role of microperimetric retinal sensitivity (MPRS) and inner choroid flow deficits (IC FD) in predicting the development of incomplete retinal pigment epithelial and outer retinal atrophy (iRORA) in intermediate AMD (i-AMD).

Methods
Thirty eyes with i-AMD evaluated at the Doheny-UCLA Eye Centres were enrolled in this prospective IRB-approved study. Subjects underwent several diagnostic tests: (a) 6×6 mm swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) with the IC slab used to quantify the FDs, (b) 20°×20° spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to monitor progression to iRORA and (c) scotopic MPRS within an area of 18° centred on the fovea. All subjects were followed-up for 24 months. The baseline IC FD and MPRS were correlated with the development of iRORA. At 24-month follow-up, the stage of AMD was re-assessed and the eyes were divided into two sub-groups based on the development of iRORA.

Results

Twenty-eight eyes completed the 2-year follow-up. At baseline, the mean MPRS was 13.40±4.66 dB and the mean IC FD was 27.55±8.67%. The morpho-functional regression showed a significant correlation between baseline MPRS and IC FD and the development of iRORA within 24 months (R
2
=0.744, p<0.05). A Kaplan–Meier survival curve was fit to determine the cumulative incidence of iRORA over the 24 months.

Conclusions
A lower MPRS and greater IC FD at baseline were predictors of progression to iRORA in eyes with i-AMD. These parameters may be useful biomarkers for risk stratification and prognostication.