bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Zeolite–AMO Hybrid Composite Adsorbent by Using Simultaneous Gamma Irradiation for Uranium (VI) Removal from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Puspitasari Tita , Darwis Darmawan , Pangerteni Dewi Sekar , Seftiani Siska , Nurhasni Nurhasni 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe material of organic–inorganic hybrid polymers combine the functional organic and the advantages of a thermally stable and robust inorganic substrate, resulting in strong binding affinities toward selected metal ions and relatively high metal ion adsorption capacities. The aim of this work is to synthesize the polymer‐inorganic hybrid composite adsorbent base on amidoxime zeolite (zeolite–AMO) using simultaneous radiation technique; to characterize the adsorbent using FTIR and zeta potential; and to test the adsorption capacity of adsorbent for uranium (VI) using batch adsorption test in aqueous system. The solvent system of acrylonitrile monomer is water emulsion, with the concentration of 30%. The irradiation dose is 100 kGy with the dose rate of 2 kGy h−1. The hydroxylamine solution with the concentration of 6% in a mixture of water–methanol with ratio of 1:1 at 80 °C for 3 hours of reaction time uses for the amidoximation process. The result shows that the highest degree of grafting is 20.31%. Furthermore, the amidoxime density is 5.82 mmol g−1 and the optimum pH is 5.9. The sorption process follows the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model and fits with the Freundlich model analysis.
Characterization of Artemisinin Solid Dispersion in Maltodextrin and Gum Arabic by Freeze Dried and High Energy Milling Methods
Authors: Meliana Yenny , Utami Debri , Septiyanti Melati , Wulandari Evi Tri , Ghozali Muhammad , Restu Witta Kartika , Fahmiati Sri , Lelono Raden Arthur Ario 
Published: June 2020

AbstractArtemisinin is an effective medicine for malaria treatment. Artemisinin has poor solubility in water that lowers the bioavailability of the drug. Solid dispersion is an efficient method for oral bioavailability improvement. This present study is conducted to prepare and characterize artemisinin solid dispersion in maltodextrin and gum arabic. Solid dispersions are prepared using freeze‐dried method with a ratio of artemisinin and carriers 1:19 and ratios of maltodextrin and gum arabic 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1. The particle size of solid dispersions is decreased mechanically using high energy ball mill machine type Hem‐E3D. Artemisinin solid dispersions are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope, particle size analyzer, and different scanning calorimetry. The particle size of artemisinin solid dispersions in maltodextrin and gum arabic are 582–1196 nm after milling process. The solid dispersions are found to be in irregular shape and have good homogeneity. FTIR spectra of solid dispersion show lactone and peroxide group stretching peaks that indicate the presence of artemisinin in solid dispersions.
Porous Architecture Evaluation of Silk Fibroin Scaffold from Direct Dissolution Salt Leaching Method
Authors: Judawisastra Hermawan , Nugraha Febri Ramdani , Wibowo Untung Ari 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTissue engineering scaffold is used to facilitate and support cell/tissue growth. Fabrication of silk fibroin scaffold using newly developed direct dissolution salt leaching method is successfully done. This method significantly reduces the processing time compared to the traditional method. Cells attachment, cells growth, cells migration, and diffusion of nutrients and waste are affected by the architecture scaffold. In this study, 3D analysis on porous architecture evaluation of direct dissolution salt leaching scaffolds is conducted. Scaffolds are fabricated from different NaCl particle sizes of 158, 250, 378, and 503 μm at 12% w/v silk fibroin concentration. Scaffold architecture is evaluated using microcomputed tomography (micro‐CT) method. Evaluation of scaffold architecture shows that the use of larger NaCl particle size increases the scaffold pore size. The relationship between scaffold pore size and scaffold porosity, scaffold wall thickness, pore interconnectivity, scaffold specific surface area is established, which is important for tissue formation.
Preparation and Characterization of Hard Rubber and Soft Rubber for Marine Rubber Fender
Authors: Saputra Dita A. , Husin Saddam , Gumelar Muhammad D. , Aisah Nuning , Susanto Herri , Admi Ratna I. , Anindita Gizelda L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe main aim of installing marine rubber fender is to protect both the vessel and the dock from major failure during the berthing period. External forces, such as abrasion or other natural factors may occur during the berthing process. Therefore, marine rubber fenders are made to overcome this problem, and hence more money can be saved due to less vessel or dock fixing. There are two types of rubber that can be used as marine rubber fenders, namely hard rubber (HR) and soft rubber (SR), which have different requirements in terms of hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, tear strength, abrasion resistance, and compression set. In this study, HR and SR are prepared from natural rubber (rubber smoked sheet 1) and synthetic rubber (styrene butadiene rubber) using laboratory kneader and open mill. Ratio of natural rubber and synthetic rubber is studied to investigate the effects on mechanical properties of HR and SR. The result shows that 70/30 phr natural rubber/synthetic rubber is proven to fulfill the requirement of rubber fender for HR and SR.
Synthesis of Nanofibers from Alginate‐Polyvinyl Alcohol using Electrospinning Methods
Authors: Aloma Karo Karo , Sukaryo Sulistioso , Fahlawati Nur Izmi , Dahlan Kiagus , Oemar Sudirman 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlginate has been known as a polymer used for medical purposes such as wound dressing. PVA is a water soluble polymer, which has good fiber making ability and biocompatible. The alginate–PVA fibers are prepared using electrospinning method in aqueous solutions with 2% Alginate (2 wt%)/PVA (10 wt%) blended system in a volume ratios of 3/3, 2/3, and 1/3 and spinneret–collector spacing effect of 8, 10, and 12 cm. The functional group analysis shows the identity of the resulting compound and the absence of the formation of a new functional group. X‐ray diffraction analysis shows an increasingly widening crystal peak and lowered intensity of the crystalline peak. SEM data show the effect of variation of alginate composition and spinneret–collector spacing on the resulting morphology of fiber. The 10 cm spinneret–collector distance shows a continuous fiber and is not bending. The alginate–PVA 3/3 (v/v) and 2/3 (v/v) fibers qualify nanofiber trades because they have a fiber diameter of about 172,242–326,244 nm. Based on the result of tensile strength value and percent elongation of alginate–PVA 3/3 (v/v) fiber can be used as wound dressing as it meets the standard of medical material.
The Influence of Hydrolysis Time in Hydrothermal Process of Cellulose from Sengon Wood Sawdust
Authors: Trisant Prida Novarita , Gunardi Ignatius , Sumarno  
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is isolated from Sengon wood (Albazia chinensis) sawdust through an ultrasound‐assisted (alkaline) delignification and hydrothermal process. The effect of temperature and time of hydrothermal process on the MCC properties is investigated. Sengon sawdust is delignified by ultrasound in 0.5 M sodium hydroxide solution (1/30 w/v) at 40 °C for 30 min. The solid part is bleached using sodium hypochlorite. The delignification is followed by the hydrothermal treatment at different time periods (160 °C, 80 bar). Well‐defined fibrils of MCC have been proved by the scanning electron microscopy analysis. The diameter of MCC is in the range of 5–20 µm and less than 100 µm in length. In MCC, the crystallinity of cellulose increases from 56.43% to 79.1% in sengon sawdust.
The effects of ephrinB2 signaling on proliferation and invasion in glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Bhatia Shilpa , Bukkapatnam Sanjana , Van Court Benjamin , Phan Andy , Oweida Ayman , Gadwa Jacob , Mueller Adam C. , Piper Miles , Darragh Laurel , Nguyen Diemmy , Gilani Ahmed , Knitz Michael , Bickett Thomas , Green Adam , Venkataraman Sujatha , Vibhakar Rajeev , Cittelly Diana , Karam Sana D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aggressive nature of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) may be attributed to the dysregulation of pathways driving both proliferation and invasion. EphrinB2, a membrane‐bound ligand for some of the Eph receptors, has emerged as a critical target regulating these pathways. In this study, we investigated the role of ephrinB2 in regulating proliferation and invasion in GBM using intracranial and subcutaneous xenograft models. The Cancer Genome Atlas analysis suggested high transcript and low methylation levels of ephrinB2 as poor prognostic indicators in GBM, consistent with its role as an oncogene. EphrinB2 knockdown, however, increased tumor growth, an effect that was reversed by ephrinB2 Fc protein. This was associated with EphB4 receptor activation, consistent with the data showing a significant decrease in tumor growth with ephrinB2 overexpression. Mechanistic analyses showed that ephrinB2 knockdown has anti‐invasive but pro‐proliferative effects in GBM. EphB4 stimulation following ephrinB2 Fc treatment in ephrinB2 knockdown tumors was shown to impart strong anti‐proliferative and anti‐invasive effects, which correlated with decrease in PCNA, p‐ERK, vimentin, Snail, Fak, and increase in the E‐cadherin levels. Overall, our study suggests that ephrinB2 cannot be used as a sole therapeutic target. Concomitant inhibition of ephrinB2 signaling with EphB4 activation is required to achieve maximal therapeutic benefit in GBM.
POLE and POLD1 germline exonuclease domain pathogenic variants, a rare event in colorectal cancer from the Middle East
Authors: Siraj Abdul K. , Bu Rong , Iqbal Kaleem , Parvathareddy Sandeep K. , Masoodi Tariq , Siraj Nabil , Al‐Rasheed Maha , Kong Yan , Ahmed Saeeda O. , Al‐Obaisi Khadija A. S. , Victoria Ingrid G. , Arshad Maham , Al‐Dayel Fouad , Abduljabbar Alaa , Ashari Luai H. , Al‐Kuraya Khawla S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality related to cancer. Only ~5% of all CRCs occur as a result of pathogenic variants in well‐defined CRC predisposing genes. The frequency and effect of exonuclease domain pathogenic variants of POLE and POLD1 genes in Middle Eastern CRCs is still unknown.MethodsTargeted capture sequencing and Sanger sequencing technologies were employed to investigate the germline exonuclease domain pathogenic variants of POLE and POLD1 in Middle Eastern CRCs. Immunohistochemical analysis of POLE and POLD1 was performed to look for associations between protein expression and clinico‐pathological characteristics.ResultsFive damaging or possibly damaging variants (0.44%) were detected in 1,135 CRC cases, four in POLE gene (0.35%, 4/1,135) and one (0.1%, 1/1,135) in POLD1 gene. Furthermore, low POLE protein expression was identified in 38.9% (417/1071) cases and a significant association with lymph node involvement (p = .0184) and grade 3 tumors (p = .0139) was observed. Whereas, low POLD1 expression was observed in 51.9% (555/1069) of cases and was significantly associated with adenocarcinoma histology (p = .0164), larger tumor size (T3 and T4 tumors; p = .0012), and stage III tumors (p = .0341).ConclusionPOLE and POLD1 exonuclease domain pathogenic variants frequency in CRC cases was very low and these exonuclease domain pathogenic variants might be rare causative events of CRC in the Middle East. POLE and POLD1 can be included in multi‐gene panels to screen CRC patients.
VNF‐Consensus: A virtual network function for maintaining a consistent distributed software‐defined network control plane
Authors: Venâncio Giovanni , Turchetti Rogério C. , Camargo Edson T. , Duarte Elias P. 
Published: June 2020

SummarySoftware‐defined networks (SDN) usually rely on a centralized controller, which has limited availability and scalability by definition. Although a solution is to employ a distributed control plane, the main issue with this approach is how to maintain the consistency among multiple controllers. Consistency should be achieved with as low impact on network performance as possible and should be transparent for controllers, without requiring any change of the SDN protocols. In this work, we propose VNF‐Consensus, a virtual network function that implements Paxos to ensure strong consistency among controllers of a distributed control plane. In our solution, controllers can perform their control plane activities without having to execute the expensive tasks required to keep consistency. Experimental results are presented showing the cost and benefits of the proposed solution, in particular in terms of low controller overhead.
Research trends in nonprofit graduate studies in China: An inside perspective
Authors: Yang Li , You Fei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper explores the growth of the academic study of nonprofit management and organizations in China by examining theses and dissertations written in China between 2000 and 2018. Using a keyword search, we collect and review 5,346 abstracts available in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Thesis and Dissertation database. The number of these theses and dissertations accelerated between 2000 and 2015 and slowed thereafter. Most theses and dissertations focus on the external context of nonprofit organizations (78%) and fewer on nonprofit management per se (22%). Thematic analysis reveals several broad subjects of study including organizational development, the character of the external environment and internal operations, financial and other resource support, and organizational performance. Trends across the 19‐year study period relating to national regions of origin, discipline, and theme are also explored. The development of nonprofit studies in China in some ways resembles the growth of this field in the United States and other western countries in past decades, but with distinct Chinese historical, sociocultural, and geographical characteristics.
Prospective Association of Obesity Patterns with Subclinical Carotid Plaque Development in Early Postmenopausal Chinese Women
Authors: Chung Gary K. K. , Yu Ruby H. Y. , Ho Stella S. Y. , Woo Jean , Chung Roger Y. , Yeoh Eng‐Kiong , Ho Suzanne C. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the prospective associations of general and abdominal obesity patterns with carotid plaque development among early postmenopausal Chinese women.MethodsA total of 518 postmenopausal women aged 50 to 64 years were recruited between 2002 and 2004 and were followed up at 3 years and 5 years. Carotid plaque was measured using B‐mode ultrasonography, whereas general and abdominal obesity were defined as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and waist‐hip ratio ≥ 0.85, respectively. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, mental health, disease history, and clinical measurements were also assessed for confounding control. Multivariable binary logistic regression analyses on plaque development at 5 years were performed among 322 women with no carotid plaque at baseline.ResultsOver the 5‐year follow‐up period, 70 women (21.7%) developed carotid plaque. Baseline abdominal obesity independently predicted plaque development (adjusted odds ratio = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.15‐4.60), but general obesity did not. Women with normal‐weight abdominal obesity were more than twice as likely to develop carotid plaque (adjusted odds ratio = 2.43; 95% CI: 1.02‐5.75) compared with women with no obesity, with their risk comparable to women with both general and abdominal obesity.ConclusionsAbdominal obesity was a critical predictor of subclinical carotid plaque development among early postmenopausal Chinese women. Policy makers should recognize the need to identify high‐risk midlife women with normal‐weight abdominal obesity in public health and clinical practice.
Ecosystem services of temporary streams differ between wet and dry phases in regions with contrasting climates and economies
Authors: Stubbington Rachel , Acreman Mike , Acuña Vicenç , Boon Philip J. , Boulton Andrew J. , England Judy , Gilvear David , Sykes Tim , Wood Paul J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Temporary streams are dynamic ecosystems in which mosaics of flowing, ponded and dry habitats support high biodiversity of both aquatic and terrestrial species. Species interact within habitats to perform or facilitate processes that vary in response to changing habitat availability. A natural capital approach recognizes that, through such processes, the ‘natural assets’ of all ecosystems deliver services that benefit people.

The ecosystem services of temporary streams remain largely unexplored, in particular those provided during ponded and dry phases. In addition, recent characterizations have focused on dryland systems, and it remains unclear how service provision varies among different climatic regions, or between developed and developing economies.

We use evidence from interdisciplinary literature to examine the ecosystem services delivered by temporary streams, including the regulating, provisioning and cultural services provided across the continuum from flowing to dry conditions. We focus on service provision during dry phases and wet–dry transitions, across regions with contrasting climates and economic development.

Provision of individual services in temporary streams may be reduced, enhanced or changed by surface water loss. Services enhanced by dry phases include provision of higher‐quality subsurface drinking water and unique opportunities for recreation. Shifts between dry and wet phases enable groundwater recharge that mitigates water scarcity, and grant dry‐phase access to sediments deposited during flowing phases. However, the accessibility and thus perceived value of these and other services varies considerably among regions. In addition, accessing provisioning services requires careful management to promote sustainable resource use and avoid ecological degradation.

We highlight the need for environmental managers to recognize temporary streams as aquatic–terrestrial ecosystems, and to take actions promoting their diversity within functional socio‐ecological systems that deliver unique service bundles characterized by variability and differing availability in space and time.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Internet‐delivered insomnia intervention improves sleep and quality of life for adolescent and young adult cancer survivors
Authors: Zhou Eric S. , Recklitis Christopher J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundInsomnia is common among adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors. Cognitive‐behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I) is considered the gold standard treatment. Standard CBT‐I was designed for adults and not adapted to the unique medical, psychosocial, and developmental needs of AYA cancer survivors, which can exacerbate their insomnia. Further, the vast majority of cancer centers do not have a behavioral sleep medicine expert on staff. Our study objective was to examine the efficacy of an Internet‐delivered CBT‐I program that was tailored for AYA cancer survivors (NCT03279055).ProcedureTwenty‐two AYA cancer survivors (mean age 20.4; range 14‐25) with insomnia enrolled in an automated CBT‐I program modified for AYA cancer survivors following stakeholder feedback. Participants were blood cancer (54.5%) and solid tumor (45.5%) survivors, an average of 9.7 years postdiagnosis. Sleep health, fatigue, and quality of life were assessed at baseline and at two follow up timepoints (8 and 16 weeks postbaseline).ResultsSignificant improvements in insomnia severity, daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and quality of life were reported at both follow up timepoints. However, most participants (72.7%) did not complete all of the six study sessions, with a mean completion rate of 3.2 sessions. Participants who completed at least two sessions reported better sleep (insomnia severity index total score) than those who did not.ConclusionsAn Internet‐delivered insomnia intervention adapted for AYA cancer survivors was efficacious. This has important implications for access to evidence‐based clinical care for this growing population. Future efforts should study stepped care models of care and ways to improve treatment adherence.
Efficient Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Well‐Type Thick‐Shell CdxZn1−xS/CdSe/CdyZn1−yS Quantum Dots
Authors: Bai Jinke , Wang Linfeng , Chen Wenyong , Jin Xiao , Li Qinghua , Wang Yuxiao , Zhang Xueru , Song Yinglin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDevice grade quantum dots (QDs) require QDs ensembles to retain their original superior optical properties as in solution. QDs with thick shells are proven effective in suppressing the inter‐dot interaction and preserving the emission properties for QDs solids. However, lattice strain–induced defects may form as the shell grows thicker, resulting in a notable photoluminescence quenching. Herein, a well‐type CdxZn1−xS/CdSe/CdyZn1−yS QDs is proposed, where ternary alloys CdZnS are adopted to match the lattice parameter of intermediate CdSe by separately adjusting the x and y parameters. The resultant thick‐shell Cd0.5Zn0.5S/CdSe/Cd0.73Zn0.27S QDs reveal nonblinking properties with a high PL QY of 99% in solution and 87% in film. The optimized quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) exhibit a luminance of 31547.5 cd m−2 at the external quantum efficiency maximum of 21.2% under a bias of 4.0 V. The shell thickness shows great impact on the degradation of the devices. The T50 lifetime of the QLEDs with 11.2 nm QDs reaches 251 493 h, which is much higher than that of 6.5 and 8.4 nm QDs counterparts. The performances of the well‐type thick‐shell QLEDs are comparable to state‐of‐the‐art devices, suggesting that this type of QDs is a promising candidate for efficient optoelectronic devices.
Lung function and exercise capacity in prematurely born young people
Authors: Harris Christopher , Lunt Alan , Bisquera Alessandra , Peacock Janet , Greenough Anne 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo determine if lung function abnormalities in young people born very prematurely routinely exposed to antenatal corticosteroids and postnatal surfactant were associated with reduced exercise capacity.Working HypothesisIn the current era, lung function abnormalities would not be associated with exercise intoleranceStudy DesignFollow‐up of young people from the United Kingdom Oscillation study (UKOS).Patient‐Subject SelectionOne hundred twenty‐six young people of 797 recruited to UKOS, born at a mean gestational age of 27 weeks were assessed at a mean age of 17 years.MethodologyForced expiratory flow at 75% of the expired vital capacity (FEF75), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and lung volumes (forced vital capacity [FVC]) and residual volume (RV) and functional residual capacity (FRCpleth) were assessed. Abnormal lung function was below the fifth centile and very abnormal lung function below the 2.5th centile. Exercise capacity was assessed using a modified shuttle sprint test and self‐reported hours of exercise.ResultsThirty‐nine young people had an abnormal FEF75 with an adjusted reduction in sprint distance of 114 m (P = .018) and an adjusted difference in self‐reported exercise of 0.73 hours (P = .036). Twenty‐seven young people had a very abnormal FEF75 with an adjusted reduction in sprint distance of 159 m (P = .002) and adjusted reduction in self‐reported exercise of 1.15 hours (P = .002).ConclusionVery prematurely born young people with abnormal airway function had a significant reduction in exercise capacity.