bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ayurveda-coded Drug (Ayush-SR) for the Management of Occupational Stress among IT Professionals
Authors: Ramana GV , Ota Sarada , Kachare Kalpana B , Chiluveri Sudha K , Rao BCS , Srikanth Narayanam 
Published: September 2020

Background:
The IT industry is an important profession now a day, but maximum occupational stress is found in it due to uncertain work environment, shift variations, long working hours, and lack of job security. For the management of occupational stress in IT workers, a clinical study has been undertaken with a coded Ayurvedic medicine well-known for anti-stress activities.

Objective:
To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of Ayurveda medicine Ayush-SR (a coded drug) in the management of occupational stress among IT professionals.

Methods/design:
It is a prospective, randomized double-blind, two-arm, placebo-controlled clinical study. A total 100 IT professionals (50 in each of the arm) will be selected, based on the study inclusion criteria. Group I will receive Ayush-SR tab 1 g twice a day after food and the control arm will receive placebo 1 g twice a day after food for 90 days. The statistical analysis will be done at the end of the trial period to compare the changes in the assessment parameters from the baseline. The study has been approved by the IEC and also registered in CTRI with registration number CTRI 2019/08/020798.

Outcome measures:
The primary outcomes include change in the Occupational Stress Index (OSI) score. Secondary outcomes include changes in WHO Well-being Index (1998 version) and changes in the scores of manasa bhava pareeksha.

Discussion:
The protocol is designed for finding of better clinical outcome and safety profile in management of occupational stress. If found effective, this drug can be listed in management of occupational stress at clinical practice in terms of better efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness intervention. The result will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Efficacy and Safety of Ayurveda Interventions for Depression
Authors: Chiluveri Sudha K , Chiluveri Ashwin C , Patel Kishor P , Sharma Sakshi 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:
Depression is a disorder of major public health importance. The widely prescribed antidepressants of modern science are falling short in effectively managing the depression. Recent studies reported that depressive patients prefer to use other treatment options like complementary and alternative medicine (CAM therapies). Although systematic reviews on this topic have been published for CAM therapies; however, exclusive to Ayurveda interventions has not been performed till date. Therefore, the present study is intended to do a systematic review of the published clinical data in view of safety, efficacy, or effectiveness of Ayurvedic interventions in the management of depression and meta-analysis of eligible studies will be carried out, if appropriate.

Materials and methods:
A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), multiple arms clinical trials, trial quasi-experimental trials (nonrandomized controlled clinical trials and before after studies), and observational studies (case series and case reports) will be performed through databases like PubMed, Cochrane Library (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials: Issue 6 of 12, June 2018), AYUSH Research Portal (Govt. of India), DHARA, Google Scholar, and Online clinical trials registers. Studies published from the date of inception till the date the searches are run will be sought. The selection of the studies, data abstraction, and validations will be performed independently by the reviewers and any disagreements will be discussed by the team with fourth reviewer to reach consensus. Established guidelines for study selection, quality assessment, and narrative synthesis will be followed. Risk of bias assessment will be performed with the help of Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB2) tool for RCTs and risk of bias tool to assess nonrandomized studies of interventions (ROBINS-I) tool for non- RCTs (NRCTs). Results of the study will be narratively synthesized and presented in count, percentage, and frequency and meta-analysis will be planned if they are sufficiently homogeneous. Patients will not be involved in any phase of the study; however, ethical approval has been obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee.

Dissemination:
The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will also be disseminated electronically and in print. The review may guide healthcare practices and policy framing regarding the treatment of depression with Ayurvedic interventions.

Study registration no:
PROSPERO-CRD42020139382.
OH reactivity from the emissions of different tree species: investigating the missing reactivity in a boreal forest
Authors: Praplan Arnaud P. , Tykkä Toni , Schallhart Simon , Tarvainen Virpi , Bäck Jaana , Hellén Heidi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. In forested area, a large fraction of total hydroxyl radical (OH) reactivity remains unaccounted for. Very few studies
have looked at the variations in total OH reactivity from biogenic emissions. In the present study, we investigate
the total OH reactivity from three common boreal tree species (Scots pine, Norway spruce, and downy birch) by comparing
it with the calculated reactivity from the chemically identified emissions. Total OH reactivity was measured using the
comparative reactivity method (CRM), and the chemical composition of the emissions was quantified with two gas
chromatographs coupled with mass spectrometers (GC–MSs). Dynamic branch enclosures were used, and emissions from one
branch of a tree at the time were measured by periodically rotating between them. Results show that birch had the highest values of total OH reactivity of the emissions (TOHRE), while pine had the
lowest. The main drivers for the known reactivity of pine and spruce were monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Birch
emissions were dominated by sesquiterpenes, but monoterpenes and green leaf volatiles (GLVs) were present as well.
However, calculated reactivity values remained low, leading to the highest missing fraction of reactivity (>96 %),
while pine and spruce had similar missing reactivity fractions between 56 % and 82 % (higher in the spring and
decreasing as the summer proceeded). The high average values were driven by low-reactivity periods, and the fraction of
missing reactivity got smaller for pine and spruce when the TOHRE values increased.
Important exceptions were identified for periods when the emission profiles changed from terpenes to GLVs, a family of
compounds containing a backbone of six carbon atoms with various functionalities (e.g. alcohols, aldehydes, esters) that
indicate that the plant is suffering from stress. Then, very high TOHRE values were measured, and the missing fraction
remained high. This study found a different trend in the missing OHRE fraction of the Norway spruce from spring to autumn compared to
one previous study (Nölscher et al., 2013), which indicates that additional studies are required to fully
understand the complexity of biogenic reactive emissions. Future studies of boreal trees in situ should be conducted
to confirm the findings presented.
On Goals of Language Education and Teacher Diversity: Beliefs and Experiences of Japanese-Language Educators in North America
Authors: Mori Junko , Hasegawa Atsushi , Park Jisuk , Suzuki Kimiko 
Published: September 2020

This article reports the results of the online survey on Japanese-language educators’ beliefs and experiences concerning their profession that we conducted in the fall of 2018. A total of 355 teachers in North America responded to the survey. The responses were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Quantitative data suggest that the survey respondents almost unanimously agreed on the importance of global and translingual/transcultural competence as a crucial goal for JFL education. However, the items concerning the legitimacy of language varieties (e.g., standard vs. regional dialects), the importance of accuracy (e.g., grammar, pronunciation), and the views on Japanese culture (e.g., emphasis on uniqueness) received rather conflicting responses from the participants. Moreover, qualitative comments brought up the issues of native-speakerism, nihonjinron, and heteronormativity ideologies as prevailing in JFL education. In short, the results illuminate both converging and diverging perspectives of the survey participants and contradictions or dilemmas between aspirational ideals and mundane practices.
“Can-Do” Statements for a Diverse Japanese Teacher Pipeline: Let’s Widen the Funnel!
Authors: Haxhi Jessica Lee 
Published: September 2020

In order to address the lack of diversity among L2 Japanese educators, we must consider how to give more students with diverse backgrounds the opportunity to study Japanese, become language educators, pursue and attain Japanese teacher certification, and find jobs in the field. The NCSSFL-ACTFL Can-Do Statements (2018) defined a path to language proficiency. This article presents a list of “can-do statements” on the path to becoming an L2 Japanese educator. These statements illustrate the experiences that students must have access to in order to stay on the path to becoming a Japanese educator, beginning in kindergarten through their job search and satisfaction. Many of these statements may not be “can-dos” for most students in the U.S currently. If we as a field can change that reality, we have the potential to widen and diversify the pool of potential L2 Japanese educators for years to come.
De Euthanasiearresten van de Hoge Raad: lessen voor de toekomst
Authors: Vis J.T.E. (Tim) 
Published: September 2020

De Euthanasiearresten van de Hoge Raad: lessen voor de toekomst
De auteur analyseert de in de zaak ‘Kastanje’ gewezen arresten, waarin de Hoge Raad heeft bepaald dat euthanasie bij door voortgeschreden dementie wilsonbekwaam geworden patiënten, op grond van een schriftelijke wilsverklaring, onder voorwaarden is toegestaan. De auteur bespreekt waarom de thematiek in zowel de medische als juridische praktijk tot discussie leidde, beschrijft de bijzondere rechtsgang en het normenkader dat de Hoge Raad heeft vastgesteld en destilleert lessen voor de toekomst. Daarbij gaat hij in op de herijking van de positie van het strafrecht in de euthanasiepraktijk, de rol van het openbaar ministerie daarbij en ontwikkeling van de ‘medisch-professionele norm’.
Cerebral Hemodynamic Response To Menstrual Cycle In Migraine
Authors: OZKUL Ayca , DİNCEL Hasibe Ozgecen , AKYOL Ali 
Published: September 2020

Objective: Menstrually related migraine (MRM) occurs in relation to menstrual cycles. We investigated the cerebral hemodynamic response to the menstrual cycle in nonmenstrually related migraines (nMRM), MRM and healthy controls.
Methods: 22 nMRM, 20 MRM patients in an attack-free interval and 20 healthy volunteers were included in our study. TCD recordings were made during the follicular and luteal phases of the hormonal cycle and mean flow velocity values of middle and posterior cerebral arteries were studied. Cerebral vasomotor reactivity (CVR) was evaluated by breath holding index (BHI) and visually evoked blood flow (VEBF) changes in both phases of the same menstrual cycle.
Results: Mean flow veloticities and hormone levels were not different between groups. Right BHI and bilateral VEBF values were significantly lower in both of the migraine groups. The physiological elevation of CVR in the luteal phase was detected in the control and nMRM groups, but not in the MRM group.
Conclusion: The cerebral hemaodynamics were affected in both MRM and nMRM. Additionally the physiological CVR to menstrual cycle was impaired in MRM. The impairment in cerebral hemodynamic response to the menstrual cycle in MRM needs further research to discover the underlying pathophysiology.
Investigation of the Association between Bispectral index and Body Temperature during Abdominal Surgery; An Observational Study
Authors: AKYOL BEYOGLU Cigdem , SAYGİLİ Ceylan , DİLEK Mustafa , MEYANCİ KOKSAL Guniz 
Published: September 2020

Objective: Bispectral index (BIS) is mainly used for drug titration and is well correlated with drug concentration and hypnosis. Our aim was to present the correlation between hypothermia and BIS during abdominal surgery.
Methods: The study was conducted in patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score I-III, aged between 18-60 y, who had undergone abdominal operation in general surgery theatre. Body temperature and BIS scores whenawake, after anesthesia induction, after tracheal intubation and every 5 minutes during the operation, and afterextubation were measured and recorded.
Results: Three hundred patients were included to the study. Repeated measure regression analysis of BIS scores with the body temperature at distinct time points did not show a significant relationship. None of the patients had a body temperature lower than 35°C.
Conclusions: As a result of our study, we can say that temperature decrease up to 35°C may not have an effect on BIS scores, and BIS maybe used safely to indicate hypnosis level at temperatures 35°C and above during abdominal surgery.
Diyarbakır İlinde Meydana Gelen İş Kazalarının Demografik Analizi, Mortalite ve Morbiditeyi Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: AVINCA Öner , DURSUN Recep , TAŞ Mahmut , ÜSTÜNDAĞ Mehmet , ORAK Murat , GÜLOĞLU Cahfer 
Published: September 2020

Amaç: İş: insanların yaşantısında onlara bir yer kazandıran önemli bir sosyal etmen olduğu gibi fiziksel, kimyasal, psikolojik, sosyal ve ekonomik pek çok nitelikleri ile de insan sağlığını etkilemektedir "1, 2". Sanayi devrimi ile birlikte etkilenen çalışma hayatına hemen her alanda makineleşme girmiş ve bu durum kitlesel üretime geçişle paralel başka sorunları beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu sorunların en başında ise iş kazaları gelmektedir. Çalışanlar; kullandıkları makineler, çalışma ortamındaki zehirli maddeler, insan yapısına uygun olmayan çalışma organizasyonu gibi nedenlerle çeşitli mesleki tehlikelerle karşılaşmaktadır "3". Bu nedenle her yıl azımsanmayacak sayıda insan, çok rahatlıkla engellenebilecek iş kazalarından ve meslek hastalıklarından yaşamını kaybetmekte veya engelli hale gelmektedir "4".
Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada 1 Ocak 2013-31 Aralık 2015 tarihleri arasında meydana gelen iş kazaları geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Diyarbakır ili Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Acil Tıp ve Travmatoloji Hastanesine başvuran hastaların arşivdeki dosyaları ile Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK) kayıtlarına bakıldı. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen 406 olgunun yaş, cinsiyet gibi demografik özelliklerinin yanı sıra kazaların saat, gün, mevsim dağılımları gibi zamana bağlı başvuru şekilleri incelendi. Kazaların oluş yeri, acil servise başvuru şekli, kazanın oluş şekli, yaralanan organ, iş yeri özelliği, tedavi gördüğü ve/veya yattığı klinik ve sonuç parametreleri değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya dâhil edilen işçilerin %96,8’i (n=393) erkek, %3,2’si (n=13) kadındı. Olguların mevsimlere göre dağılımı en sık %30,8 (n=125) ile ilkbaharda görüldü. Hastalar en sık %34,7 (n=141) oranı ile 12-16 saatleri arasında başvurdu. Olgular %17,7 (n=72) ile en sık cumartesi günleri başvurdu. İş kazası nedeniyle acil servise başvuran hastaların kazanın olduğu yere göre dağılımları incelendiğinde; %99’unun (n=402) iş yerinde, %0,5’inin (n=2) evde çalışırken kazaya maruz kaldığı tespit edilirken, %0,5’inin (n=2) ise nerede kazaya maruz kaldığı tespit edilemedi.
Sonuç: Çalışma yaşamının içindeki bir olgu olması nedeniyle iş kazaları, her şeyden önce üretim ilişkileri içindeki yeri, niteliği itibariyle değerlendirilmelidir. İş yerleri, kâr amacıyla kurulan yerler olduklarından, iş kazalarına karşı alınacak her türlü önlem bir maliyet konusudur. İş kazalarının bir diğer önemli niteliği ise önlenebilir oluşudur.
Carvacrol’un Ratlarda Böbrek İskemi Reperüzyon Hasarı Üzerine Koruyucu Etkileri
Authors: ZEYTUN Hikmet , BASUGUY Erol , İBİLOĞLU İbrahim , ARSLAN Serkan , KAPLAN İbrahim , OKUR M. Hanifi 
Published: September 2020

Amaç: Ratlarda böbrek iskemi reperfüzyonu hasarı üzerine Carvacrol (CARV) 'ün koruyucu etkilerini araştırmaktır.
Yöntemler: Ağırlıkları 200-250 gr arasında değişen, 30 adet erkek Wistar Albino ratlar rastgele grublara ayrıldı. 50 mg/kg ketamin ve 3mg/ kg ksilazin (periton içi) ile anestezi sağlandı. Renal arter trombozunu önlemek için 100 İU/kg heparin (periton içi) uygulamasından sonra orta hat kesi ile tüm ratlara sağ nefrektomi yapıldı. Grup I (Sham): Sağ nefrektomiyi takiben 6 saat sonra sol nefrektomi yapıldı. Grup II (I/R): Sağ nefrektomiyi takiben sol böbrek, 60 dakika iskemi ve 6 saat reperfüzyonda bırakıldı. Grup III(I/R+CARV): Grup II de uygulanan işleme ek olarak, iskemi ve reperfüzyondan hemen önce toplam 2 kez 35mg/kg periton içine Carvacrol verildi. Altı saatlik reperfüzyonu takiben ratların tamamı kardiak ponksiyonla yüksek miktarda kan alınarak sakrifiye edildi ve sol nefrektomi yapıldı. Alınan serum ve dokulardaki proiflamatuar sitokinler, oksidatif stres parametreleri çalışıldı ve histopatolojik inceleme yapılarak gruplar arasında karşılaştırma yapıldı.
Bulgular: Böbrek fonksiyon göstergesi olan Serum BUN ve kreatinin düzeyleri, I/R grubunda Sham grubuna kıyasla yükselmiş ve iskeminin gerçekleştiğini göstermektedir(p
Barriers to Effective HIV Testing Services and Strategies for Its Promotion at the Primary Health Care Facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Oluwamotemi Christiana A. , Okanlawon Funmilayo A. , Edoni Elizabeth R. , Adelekan Ademola L. 
Published: September 2020

Background: HIV testing services (HTS) act as a critical entry point to HIV care, treatment and prevention services, and offer the opportunity for specially-trained health care providers to encourage avoidance of high risk sexual behaviour among both HIV negative and HIV-positive individuals. However, there are some challenges that can hinder effective delivery of HIV Counseling and Testing services by health care providers. This study was therefore designed to investigate barriers to effective HIV testing services and strategies for its promotion at the primary health care facilities in Ibadan.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among health care providers in primary health care facilities in five local government areas in Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria. A 4-stage sampling techniques was used to select 19 respondents and interviewed using key informant interview guide. Interviews were transcribed verbatim. Spot check of transcripts were conducted to ensure completeness of the transcription. The data were sorted, categorized, and analyzed using a qualitative data analysis computer software package (NVivo).
Results: All the respondents interviewed reported that, there were pre and post-tests counseling including HIV testing services in their facilities. Some respondents added there were laboratory services and linkages to other care and support services for those tested positive to HIV. However, most of the respondents reported insufficient consumables, insufficient staff, no privacy, lack of infrastructures as barriers to effective HIV testing services. Many of the respondents recommended community sensitization, more provision for consumables, drugs and kits as strategies for promoting HIV testing services.
Conclusion: This study revealed that the primary health centres have pre-test and post-test HIV counseling services but insufficient consumables and staff were the major barriers to HIV testing services in this study. It is therefore necessary for government to make provision for consumables and more personnel to boost the activities of the health facilities.
Methanotrichaceae fam. nov
.
Authors: Akinyemi Taiwo S. , Shao Nana , Whitman William B. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Me.tha.no.tri.cha.ce'ae. N.L. fem. n.
Methanothrix
type genus of the family; suff. –
aceae
ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Methanotrichaceae
the
Methanothrix
family.

Halobacterota / Methanosarcinia / Methanotrichales / Methanotrichaceae fam. nov.

Sheathed, rod‐shaped cells with flat ends, usually 0.8–1.3 μm wide by 2.0–6.0 μm long. Nonmotile. Gram‐stain‐negative. Oxygen‐tolerant anaerobe. Slow‐growing organotrophic, splitting acetate into methane and CO
2
for energy generation. Some strains split formate into hydrogen and CO
2
without generating methane. CO
2
can be reduced into methane when cocultured with electrogenic
Geobacter
spp. via direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET). Lipids contain
myo
‐inositol, ethanolamine, and galactose as the polar head groups. Genome sequences have been determined for all described species.

Habitats
: Widely distributed in anaerobic river mud, paddy field soil, hot springs, thermal lakes, thermophilic and mesophilic anaerobic wastewater digestors treating domestic wastes, granular sludge, anaerobic fixed‐bed reactors, and other types of anaerobic systems.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 51–61 (Genome).

Type genus
:
Methanothrix
Huser et al. 1982, VL10.
Haloactinobacterium
Authors: Jiao Jian‐Yu , Narsing Rao Manik Prabhu , Salam Nimaichand , Li Wen‐Jun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Ha.lo.ac.ti.no.bac.te'ri.um. Gr. masc. n.
hals
,
halos
salt; Gr. fem. n.
actis
,
actinos
a ray; L. neut. n.
bacterium
a rod; N.L. neut. n.
Haloactinobacterium
a halophilic actinobacterium.

Actinobacteria / Actinomycetia / Ruaniales / Ruaniaceae / Haloactinobacterium

Aerobic, Gram‐staining‐positive, and
moderately halophilic
.
Facultatively anaerobic
in the presence of KNO
3
. Does not form endospores. Cells are rod shaped and are motile or nonmotile, depending on the absence or presence of a lateral flagellum. Catalase‐positive. Tolerate a wide range of temperature, pH, and salt in the growth medium. The peptidoglycan is type
A4α
with
l
‐Lys‐
l
‐Glu interpeptide bridge. The whole‐cell sugars are glucosamine, arabinose, and mannose. The respiratory menaquinone is
MK‐8(H

4

)
. The known polar lipids are
diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol,
and
phosphatidylinositol
. The major fatty acids are anteiso‐C
15:0
, iso‐C
15:0
, and anteiso‐C
17:0
.

Phylogenetically, the genus
Haloactinobacterium
is closely related to the genus
Ruania
and is classified under the family
Ruaniaceae
. The genus contains two species; the type species
Haloactinobacterium album
represented by a single strain is isolated from a soil sample collected from a salt lake located in Xinjiang province, P.R. China, while the species
Haloactinobacterium glacieicola
containing a single strain is isolated from an ice core sample collected from a glacier in Tibet, P.R. China.

DNA G + C content (mol%):
68.6–71.4 (WGS).

Type species
:
Haloactinobacterium album
Tang et al. 2010
VP
.
Methanosphaera
Authors: Shao Nana , Akinyemi Taiwo S. , Whitman William B. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Me.tha.no.sphae'ra. N.L. neut. n.
methanum
methane; L. fem. n.
sphaera
a sphere; N.L. fem. n.
Methanosphaera
methane‐producing sphere.

Euryarchaeota / Methanobacteria / Methanobacteriales / Methanobacteriaceae / Methanosphaera

Round cells, usually occurring in pairs, tetrads, or clusters, about 1.0 μm in diameter. Resting cells, such as spores, are not known. Stain Gram‐positive. Strictly anaerobic. Nonmotile. Cell walls are composed of pseudomurein and contain serine. Chemoorganotrophic. Energy metabolism is only from the reduction of methanol by H
2
. Acetate and CO
2
are required for growth and methanogenesis. Optimal growth temperature is near 37°C, with no growth occurring at 25°C or above 45°C; optimal pH is near 6.8. Usually occur in feces or gastrointestinal tracts of animals.

DNA G
+
C content (mol%)
: 27.6–28.0 (Genome).

Type species
:
Methanosphaera stadtmanae
Miller and Wolin 1985, VL19.