bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of natural killer cells in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia
Authors: Du Mingyue , Wang Weijia , Huang Lina , Guan Xiuting , Lin Wen , Yao Jingxin , Li Liping 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy-specific systemic inflammatory disorder. The characteristic pathological abnormality in PE is impaired uterine spiral artery (SA) remodeling. Natural cells (NK) cells have been proposed to play an important role in uterine SA remodeling, particularly in early pregnancy. Still, the definitive role of NK cells in later phases of PE is largely unstudied. In the present study, we investigated the association between NK cells and PE in late human pregnancy. Methods: Collected normal control (n = 18), late-onset (n = 28) and early-onset PE patients peripheral blood and decidua, isolated mononuclear cells, the ratio of NK cells and the level of intracellular cytokines production were evaluated using Flow cytometry. Co-culture first trimester cytotrophoblast cells with conditioned medium (CM) from decidual NK (dNK) cells, evaluated cytotrophoblast cells migration, invasion, NK cytotoxicity and soluble factors secreted by dNK cells. For multiple group comparisons, data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post-testing when the variances were homogeneous or with Tamhane’s T2 post-testing when the variances were not homogeneous. P < 0.05 was considered significant.Results: We found that the numbers of both peripheral blood NK (pNK) cells and dNK cells and intracellular interferon (IFN)-γ, perforin and granzyme B production were significantly higher in PE compared with normal pregnancies at the time of delivery for both early-onset and late-onset disease. dNK cells from PE pregnancies not only killed primary first trimester trophoblast cells in vitro but also inhibited their migration and invasion when compared to normal controls. Using recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-8, IFN-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and neutralizing Abs against these factors, we demonstrated that GM-CSF and IL-8 in the CM from dNK cells promoted, while IFN-γ and TNF-α inhibited trophoblast cell migration and invasion. Conclusion: Our results suggest that activation of NK cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PE in late pregnancy. Elevated local levels of dNK cell-derived IFN-γ and TNF-α and decreased GM-CSF and IL-8 in preeclamptic pregnancies may directly mediate known reductions in trophoblast cell migration and invasion in deciduae from preeclamptic pregnancies.
Serum lactate level predicts 6-months mortality in hospitalized patients with decompensated cirrhosis
Authors: Zhang Yue , Nie Yuan , Wan Si-Zhe , Liu Cong , Zhu Xuan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background The prediction of prognosis is an important part of management in decompensated cirrhosis (DeCi) patients with high long-term mortality. Lactate is a known predictor of outcome in critically ill patients. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of lactate in DeCi patients.Methods We performed a single-center, observational, retrospective study of 456 DeCi patients extracted from hospitalization. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine whether lactate was independently associated with the prognosis of DeCi patients. The AUROC was calculated to assess the predictive accuracy compared with existing scores.Results Serum lactate level was significantly higher in nonsurviving patients than in surviving patients. Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that lactate was a risk-independent factor 6-months mortality (odds ratio: 1.412, P=0.001). ROC curves were drawn to evaluate the prediction efficiencies of lactate for 6-months mortality (AUROC: 0.716, P<0.001). Based on our patient cohort, the new scores (MELD+ lactate score, Child-Pugh+ lactate score) had good accuracy for predicting 6-months mortality (AUROC=0.769, P<0.001; AUROC= 0.766, P<0.001). Additionally, the performance of the new scores was superior to those of existing scores (all P < 0.001).Conclusion Serum lactate at admission may be useful for predicting 6-months mortality in DeCi patients, and the predictive value of the MELD score and Child-Pugh score were improved by adjusting lactate. Lactate should be part of the rapid diagnosis and initiation of therapy to improve clinical outcome.
Hydrologic-environmental effects of sponge city under different spatial scales
Authors: Li Jiake , Mu Cong , Deng Chenning , Ma Menghua 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The storm water management models were established at three spatial scales (large, medium, and small) based on a sponge city pilot area in China to explore the hydrological and environmental effects of rainfall conditions and development modes. Results showed the following. (1) Total runoff reduction rates increased from 26.7% to 53.9% for the rainfall event of a 2-year recurrence period as the scale increased. For 5-year and above recurrence periods, total runoff reduction rates were 19.5–49.4%. These rates increased from the small to medium scale and slightly decreased from the medium to large scale. (2) The runoff coefficients were 0.87–0.29, which decreased from the small to medium scale and were basically constant from the medium to large scale. (3) The peak flow reduction rates decreased with increased recurrence periods. The rates increased initially and then decreased at the small scale, whereas the opposite trend occurred at the medium scale. (4) The reduction rates of pollutants were negatively correlated with recurrence periods under the three spatial scales. The pollution load reduction rates were 19.5–54.7%, which increased from the small to medium scale and were basically constant from the medium to large scale.
Identification and quantification of fruit phenolic compounds of Malus communis
Authors: Saoudi Soulef , Khennouf Seddik , Mayouf Nozha 
Published: December 2019

Malus communis (apple) is fruits belong to family Rosaseae. Apple is important source of phytochemicals substance, which has good effect in human health and antioxidant activity. The aim of this work is to identify the polyphenols compounds and the antioxidant activity of Malus communis. The analyses phytochemicals of polyphenols is estimated by UPLC method. The flavonoids content were determinate by the Aluminum chloride method. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH, ABTS and reducing power. The results suggested that Malus communis have high content of sugars, tannin (795 ± 0.05 mg D- glucose equivalents per gram dry weight, 31.38 ± 0.006 mg tannic acid equivalents per gram dry weight and important amount of flavonoids 5.08 ± 0.001 mg quercetin equivalents per gram of dry weight) respectively. The chromatogram of apple demonstrated that this fruits contain various substances such as Gallic acid and Chlorogenic acid. The extract exerted good effect in antioxidant activity. Apple can scavenge free radicals ABTS and DPPH with values of IC50 (0.64 ± 0.02, 0.60 ± 0.03 mg/ml respectively). Finally the consumption dietary of fruits can reduce the risk the chronic disease.
Keywords: Malus communis, UPLC, tannin, flavonoids, antioxidant activity.
study Study of the Hepatoprotective Activity of Polyherbal Formulation on Alcohol Induced Hepatotoxicity
Authors: SHAH ZALAK CHIRAG , Paranjape Archana , Soni Hardik , Mandal Snigdha Das , Patel Janki 
Published: December 2019

Many traditional systems of medicines employ herbal drugs for the hepatoprotection. Aim of the study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of polyherbal formulation against alcohol induced hepatotoxicity in wistar albino rats. Group I animals were treated with 1% CMC for 18 days. Group II, III and IV animals were treated with 1% CMC, polyherbal formulation 180mg/kg/day and silymarin 100mg/kg/day respectively for 18 days and then orally administration with ethanol 3.76 g/kg/day simultaneously for 18 days. After 24 hours of last dosing, the blood was obtained through retro-orbital plexus under light anaesthesia and the animals were sacrificed. Hepatoprotective potential was assessed by various biochemical parameters such as AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, bilirubin, cholesterol, TG and thiopentone sodium induced sleep time. Group III rats showed significant (p<0.01) decrease in AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, bilirubin, cholesterol, TG, liver weight(wt.) and relative liver wt. levels while significant (p<0.01) increase in TP levels as compared to group II rats. Hepatoprotective potential of polyherbal formulation 180mg/kg/day was comparable to that of standard drug silymarin 100mg/kg/day. Results of the study were well supported by histopathological observations. This study confirms that polyherbal formulation possesses hepatoprotective potential comparable to that of standard drug silymarin as it exhibited comparable protective potential against PCM induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats.
Keywords: Polyherbal formulation, Hepatoprotective potential, Alcohol, Hepatotoxicity, Silymarin
Attitude and Practice of Community Pharmacists towards Pharmaceutical Care in Nigeria
Authors: Amibor Kingsley Chiedu , Okonta Collins 
Published: December 2019

Background: Since the introduction of pharmaceutical care in the 1990’s, a lot of progress has been made, but misconceptions and barriers to its full implementation still exist. Around the world, community pharmacists are moving from supplying and dispensing medications to gradual introduction of pharmaceutical care into their practice.
Objectives: This study evaluated the attitude and practice of pharmaceutical care among community pharmacists in Delta State, Nigeria.
Methods: These were achieved through the use of a 30 item questionnaire pretested and administered to 50 community pharmacists that gathered for their quarterly meeting in Asaba, Delta State. Data were analyzed through chi square statistics using SPSS 23. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Out of 50 questionnaires distributed, 32 were returned, giving a response rate of 64%. Majority of the respondents (28.1%) were aged 50-59 years, more than half (62.5%) were males. The mean age was 40.5 years ± 13.7 years. Majority of the respondents (71.9%) were married, more than half (56.3%) had Bachelor of Pharmacy as sole degree. Half (50.0%) were residing in Warri while more than a third (40.6%) had been in practice for 1-5 years. Attitude was positive (51.2%), practice was poor (39.0%). Reasons for not practicing pharmaceutical care ranged from lack of personnel (21.9%), lack of collaboration with other healthcare providers; lack of space and non-acceptance by physicians and nurses were 18.8% each, lack of pharmaceutical care skills (9.4%) and pharmaceutical care is time consuming (6.5%). Analysis of educational status versus number of respondents involved in identification of errors was significant at c2 = 21.013, P = 0.002 with Bachelor of Pharmacy respondents (56.3%) identifying most errors.
Conclusion: Attitude of community pharmacists to pharmaceutical care from this study was positive while practice was poor. Interventions such as update lectures to improve awareness of Pharmaceutical care and further attitudinal change are recommended.
Keywords: pharmaceutical care, community pharmacists, attitude and practice
Mellékutakra vezető boldog botorkálások értelméről
Authors: Z. Karvalics László 
Published: December 2019

Recenzió Martin Burckhardt és Dirk Höfer: Minden és semmi. A digitális világpusztítás feltárulása (Budapest, Atlantisz, 2018, 104 oldal, ISBN 9789639777514) című művéről.
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On the meaning of joyous stumbling leading to side-roads

Book review on Martin Burckhardt and Dirk Hofer: All and Nothing. A Digital Apocalypse (Budapest, Atlantisz, 2018, 104 oldal, ISBN 9789639777514).
Properti Psikometrik dan Struktur Skala Kemalasan Sosial (Social Loafing) pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Agung Ivan Muhammad , Susanti Rita , Yunis Rawdhatul Fitri 
Published: December 2019

Kemalasan sosial merupakan salah satu tema yang banyak dibahas dalam konteks Psikologi kelompok. Kemalasan sosial berperan penting dalam menentukan kualitas kinerja kelompok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan struktur skala kemalasan sosial dan menguji reliabilitas. Alat ukur yang digunakan berdasarkan penelitian George, (1992) yang telah dimodifikasi. Penelitian dilakukan pada 210 mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian dengan analisisi faktor eksplaratori terbentuk 4 komponen, yaitu persepsi atas usaha, mengurangi usaha, membiarkan orang lain melakukan lebih dan mengandalkan orang lain.Secara umum skala ini memiliki reliabitas yang baik secara psikometrik. Hasil dan implikasi penelitian akan dibahas dalam artikel ini.Kata kunci: kemalasan sosial, analisis faktor, mahasiswa
Respon Masyarakat Terhadap Kebijakan Pendidikan di Nagari Koto Baru Kecamatan IV Nagari Kabupaten Sijunjung
Authors: Khairiah Khairiah , Fernandes Reno 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan respon masyarakat terhadap kebijakan pendidikan di Nagari Koto Baru, Kecamatan IV Nagari, Kabupaten Sijunjung. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori tindakan sosial Max Weber yaitu tindakan individu sepanjang tindakannya itu mempunyai makna atau arti subyektif bagi dirinya dan diarahkan kepada tindakan orang lain. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif dengan teknik pemilihan informan purposive sampling. Saat pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data dari Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat 2 macam respon dari masyarakat mengenai kebijakan pendidikan di Nagari Koto Baru yaitu, (1) setuju/ pro; (2) tidak setuju/ kontra.
Pelaksanaan Integrasi Pendidikan Karakter Nilai Al-Qur’an dan Nilai Budaya Alam Minangkabau Dalam Pembelajaran Sosiologi (Studi Kasus: SMA Negeri 2 Padang dan SMA Adabiah Padang)
Authors: Eka Putri Yuni , Fernandes Reno 
Published: December 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mencari dan mengumpulkan informasi tentang Implementasi pendidikan karakter nilai Al-Qur’an dan nilai Budaya Alam Minangkabau di kota padang khususnya SMAN 2 Padang dan SMA Adabiah Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Alasan penulis menggunakan metode tersebut adalah bahwasanya penelitian ini berusaha mendiskripsikan/ memberikan gambaran mengenai penerapan pendidikan karakter nilai al-qur’an dan nilai BAM pada pembelarajan sosiologi. Tenik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi, dengan keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi data. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori difusi inovasi dari Evverret Rogers. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Pelaksanaan Integrasi Pendidikan Karakter Nilai Al-Qur’an dan Nilai Budaya Alam Minangkabau yang dikeluarkan oleh kebijakan Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Sumatera Barat belum terlaksana dengan baik. Guru masih saja kebingungan dengan pengintegrasian tersebut. Guru masih saja fokus pada materi yang diajarkan, belum kepada pengintegrasian nilai Al-Qur’an dan Nilai Budaya Alam Minangkabau pada proses pembelajaran sosiologi.
Influence of property relations on corporate administration elements in Russian companies
Authors: Belayeva Irina , Danilova Olga , Uskov Kirill 
Published: December 2019

The article deals with the influence of ownership relations on the elements of corporate governance in modern Russian companies. The assessed parameters that help to reveal the rela-tion have been offered: shareholder influence, notice of a general meeting of shareholders, infor-mation in notifications, availability of general meetings of shareholders, proxy voting, financial re-porting standards, access to documentation, etc. The analysis of the specific features of corporate governance in the Russian public joint-stock companies on the basis of open sources of information has been carried out. The study was conducted using the GAMMA method developed by the rating agency Standard & Poor’s. The main results of the study showed that the greater the representation of minority shareholders and/or higher their activity, the more independent directors in the company, the higher the level of disclosure. If there is one large private shareholder in the company, he can also act as chairman of the board of directors. It is difficult to assess the impact of ownership relations on corporate governance in state-owned companies. If the company has a small number
of minority shareholders and their activity is low, transparency is limited only by disclosure
of mandatory information. It has been inferred that the peculiarities of relations between shareholders, as well as relations between shareholders and hired managers indirectly affect corporate governance’s elements. Models of the corporate control in the Russian Federation have been given (private enterprise model, managers' collective ownership model, concentrated ownership corporate control model, dispersed ownership corporate control model). More research is needed to identify
a more evident relation. The article has been written in the framework of the research work “De-velopment of property relations in a modern society”.
HOW MALAYSIAN LECTURERS VIEW MOOC AND ITS CHALLENGES
Authors: Annamalai Nagaletchimee 
Published: December 2019

This study addresses a relatively new phenomenon in the Malaysian higher education (Massive Open Online Courses) MOOCs and explored the perception of the Malaysian lecturers on the emerging online learning environment. A qualitative case study was adopted and fifteen lecturers were interviewed from a higher education institution in Malaysia. These lecturers are familiar with the blended learning approach. The in-depth interviews were further transcribed and thematic analysis were considered to identify the emerging themes. The study identified themes related to educational change, design of the instruction, motivational and challenging issues. The findings demonstrated that the lecturers were aware of the transition from traditional classroom teaching to the teaching in the virtual platform. The investigation also contributes to greater understanding of challenges of integrating MOOCs in Malaysian higher institutions. Based on the findings, pedagogical implications are discussed on how workshops should integrate certain aspects related to MOOCs that can be useful for the Heads of Higher Institutions and policy makers. It is hoped that these strategic workshops will increase the effectiveness of MOOC implementation in Malaysian higher institutions.

Keywords: Higher education, MOOC, online learning, technology adoption

Cite as: Annamalai, N. (2019). How Malaysian lecturers view MOOC and its challenges. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(2), 144-167. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss2pp144-167
A COGNITIVE-SEMANTIC APPROACH TO THE INTERPRETATION OF DEATH METAPHOR THEMES IN THE QURAN
Authors: Sardaraz Khan , Ali Roslan 
Published: December 2019

In previous literature, conceptual metaphor has been used as a comprehensive cognitive tool to explore systematic categorization of concepts in the Quran. Death metaphor themes have either been studied from rhetorical or conceptual perspectives, but metaphor interpretation needs both linguistic and conceptual knowledge. This paper will explore the function of both linguistic and conceptual knowledge in metaphor interpretation in the Quran. This paper has used the technique of key words and phrases for data collection and metaphor identification procedure (MIP) for metaphors identification. Thirteen conceptual metaphors were found in the data. The key conceptual metaphors were analyzed through the lexical concept cognitive model theory (hereafter LCCM) to find out the functions of linguistic and conceptual knowledge in metaphor interpretation. The findings reveal that conceptual metaphor gives only relational structure to the linguistic metaphoric expressions, whereas interpretation needs integration of both linguistic and conceptual knowledge. Conceptual simulation of metaphoric expressions is a multilinear process of multiple conceptual schemas and language. The findings also reveal that LCCM needs the tool of intertextuality for clash resolution of contexts in text interpretation. This paper holds that meaning construction depends upon multilinear processing of conceptual schemas and language. Furthermore, it asserts that the gap in LCCM may be resolved through the tool of intertextuality in metaphor comprehension. This study suggests further studies on relationship between conceptual schemas and lexical behaviour and an elaborate model for text interpretation, combining LCCM and intertextuality.

Keywords: Cognitive model, cognitive semantics, conceptual metaphor, fusion, lexical concept

Cite as: Sardaraz, K., & Ali, R. (2019). A cognitive-semantic approach to the interpretation of death metaphor themes in the Quran. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 2(4), 219-246. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss2pp219-246
SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INTERPERSONAL INFLUENCE AMONG YOUNG ADULT MUSLIMS
Authors: Abdul Shukor Syadiyah , Omar Nor Asiah 
Published: December 2019

Consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence is a general trait that varies across persons and affects a number of consumer behaviour. This study assessed the similarities and differences in terms of consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence between young adult Muslim living in a Muslim country (i.e. Malaysia) and non-Muslim country (i.e. Britain). To investigate the differences in susceptibility to interpersonal influence between young adult Muslim in Malaysia and Britain, the Consumer Susceptibility to Interpersonal Influence Scale was used. A total of 175 and 217 completed survey questionnaires were collected from Malaysian Muslim and British Muslim sample, respectively. Data collected were analysed using exploratory factor analysis and independent t-test. Findings suggest that irrespective of group, there were two-factor dimensions underlying an individual’s susceptibility to interpersonal influence; namely normative and informational influence. In comparison to British Muslim, Malaysian Muslims were more susceptible to normative influence. This finding may suggest the importance of group approval among Malaysian Muslims’ decision-making. While most Muslim consumers’ lifestyle, dietary and financial rules are determined by the Islamic faith, findings from this study suggest that they are far from homogeneity. This study reveals that Muslim consumer from Malaysia and Britain demonstrate differences in terms of their susceptibility to interpersonal influence which consequently will affect marketing practitioners around the world on how to serve their relatively young Muslim consumers from different countries.

Keywords: Muslim, susceptibility to interpersonal influence, young adult

Cite as: Shukor, A. S., & Omar, N. (2019). Susceptibility to interpersonal influence among young adult Muslims. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 4(2), 247-264. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol4iss2pp247-264