bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synaptic plasticity in Alzheimer’s disease and healthy aging
Authors: Cuestas Torres Diana Marcela , Cardenas Fernando P. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The strength and efficiency of synaptic connections are affected by the environment or the experience of the individual. This property, called synaptic plasticity, is directly related to memory and learning processes and has been modeled at the cellular level. These types of cellular memory and learning models include specific stimulation protocols that generate a long-term strengthening of the synapses, called long-term potentiation, or a weakening of the said long-term synapses, called long-term depression. Although, for decades, researchers have believed that the main cause of the cognitive deficit that characterizes Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and aging was the loss of neurons, the hypothesis of an imbalance in the cellular and molecular mechanisms of synaptic plasticity underlying this deficit is currently widely accepted. An understanding of the molecular and cellular changes underlying the process of synaptic plasticity during the development of AD and aging will direct future studies to specific targets, resulting in the development of much more efficient and specific therapeutic strategies. In this review, we classify, discuss, and describe the main findings related to changes in the neurophysiological mechanisms of synaptic plasticity in excitatory synapses underlying AD and aging. In addition, we suggest possible mechanisms in which aging can become a high-risk factor for the development of AD and how its development could be prevented or slowed.
Awareness of ignorance
Authors: İnan İlhan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Despite the recent increase in interest in philosophy about ignorance, little attention has been paid to the question of what makes it possible for a being to become aware of their own ignorance. In this paper, I try to provide such an account by arguing that, for a being to become aware of their own ignorance, they must have the mental capacity to represent something as being unknown to them. For normal adult humans who have mastered a language, mental representation of an unknown is enabled by forming linguistic expressions whose content is grasped, but whose referent is unknown. I provide a neo-Fregean, a neo-Russellian, and then a unified account of this. On that basis, I then argue further that the content of ignorance can always be captured by a question. I then distinguish between propositional ignorance and non-propositional ignorance and argue that propositional ignorance attributions can be of three types, that-ignorance, whether-ignorance, and fact-ignorance. I conclude by arguing that the acquisition of truths, even when it yields knowledge that is certain, does not always eliminate one’s ignorance and that there is a degree of ignorance in almost everything we claim to know.
Investigation of Microstructural, Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of AA7010-TiB2 in-situ Metal Matrix Composite
Authors: Mallireddy Naresh , Siva K. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Aluminum alloys with ceramic reinforced particulates are made prospective in aerospace, transportation, and industrial applications ampler to their low mass density, stiffness, and high specific strength. In this work, Aluminium Alloy(AA) 7010 - TiB2 (Titanium Diboride) composites with different amounts of reinforcement (5, 7.5 and 10 wt.%) were produced by the exothermic reaction of halide salts K2TiF6 and KBF4 added in 120% excess to the stoichiometric ratio with molten AA7010.The effect and dispersion of TiB2 particulates in AA7010 were analyzed by microstructural, mechanical and corrosion behavior. The dispersion of reinforcement in the matrix alloy was analyzed by optical microscope and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images. X-ray diffraction patterns of the prepared composites reveal the formation of TiB2 particles in the matrix alloy. Indeed samples are tested according to ASTM G34 standard for ex- foliation corrosion rate by weight loss method. The result shows improved hardness, tensile strength and yield strength of composites to about 35%, 260%, and 240% respectively. The mechanical and corrosion resistance of 10% TiB2 shows better results compared with matrix alloy and other concentrations of reinforcements.
Soziale Netzwerke Langzeitarbeitsloser und die Aufnahme einer Erwerbstätigkeit
Authors: Krug Gerhard , Wolf Christof , Trappmann Mark 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob die sozialen Netzwerke von Arbeitslosen deren Chancen zur Aufnahme einer Erwerbstätigkeit positiv beeinflussen. Ausgehend von in der aktuellen Literatur diskutierten Wirkmechanismen werden mehrere Hypothesen zu unterschiedlichen Aspekten des Netzwerks aufgestellt. Es wird angenommen, dass Arbeitslose umso eher in Arbeit kommen, je größer der Umfang ihrer (starken und schwachen) sozialen Beziehungen ist, je mehr Kontakt zu Erwerbstätigen sie haben und je mehr Ressourcen ihr Netzwerk enthält. Auf Basis des Panels „Arbeitsmarkt und soziale Sicherung“ mit dem Schwerpunktmodul zu sozialem Kapital werden diese Hypothesen anhand einer Fixed-Effects Panelregression getestet. Wird für alle zeitkonstanten sowie für einschlägige zeitvariante Variablen kontrolliert, erweisen sich schwache Beziehungen, gemessen als aktive Mitgliedschaften in freiwilligen Vereinigungen, sowie der Umfang nicht unmittelbar auf die Stellensuche bezogener sozialer Ressourcen als bedeutsam für die Arbeitsmarktchancen. Der Beitrag endet mit einer Diskussion dieser Befunde.
Do Grandparents Transmit a Highbrow Lifestyle to their Grandchildren? Testing Bourdieu’s Theory of Distinction
Authors: Sawert Tim , Gerhards Jürgen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Pierre Bourdieu assumes in his theory of lifestyle that a highbrow lifestyle is shaped during childhood socialization and depends on the cultural capital of the family. While the effect of parents’ capital and lifestyle on their children has been frequently analyzed, there is no research that focuses on the three-generational transmission of a highbrow lifestyle from grandparents to their grandchildren. We attempt to fill this research gap with our study. Our primary research question is whether grandparents’ cultural capital and their practice of a highbrow lifestyle increases the probability of their grandchildren also pursuing a highbrow lifestyle. Based on a survey of parents of high school students, we are able to show that not only the parents’ conditions of socialization but also the grandparents’ cultural capital and lifestyle have a substantial effect on the probability that the grandchildren play an instrument / sing in a choir and practice a highbrow lifestyle. Furthermore, our analyses show that the grandparents’ influence on the grandchildren is only partially mediated by the parents’ capital and lifestyle.
Folterbarkeit. Eine soziologische Analyse menschlicher Verletzungsoffenheit
Authors: Nungesser Frithjof 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Der Artikel analysiert, welche Formen der Verletzbarkeit sich im Rahmen der Folter zeigen und warum diese für die Folter ausgenutzt werden können. An einem konkreten Gegenstand wird damit die „Verletzungsoffenheit“ (Popitz) des Menschen systematisch erkundet. Empirische Grundlage sind zwei moderne Folterkomplexe: die US-amerikanischen Folterungen im Rahmen des „Krieges gegen den Terror“ sowie die Folterpraktiken in chinesischen „Umerziehungslagern“. Anhand dieser Fälle werden sechs Kanäle der Verletzbarkeit identifiziert: Demnach zielen Folterpraktiken auf die Untergrabung der Körperkontrolle, der Territorien des Selbst und des personalen Status; ferner greifen sie die soziale Einbettung, die identitätsstiftenden Werte und die Erwartungshorizonte der Opfer an. Abschließend werden drei gewalt- und sozialtheoretische Implikationen der Analyse umrissen. Im Zentrum stehen dabei die Verschränkungen der Verletzungsoffenheit mit den Bedingungen menschlicher Handlungsfähigkeit, das Verhältnis von Machtvollkommenheit und Widerständigkeit sowie die Humanspezifik der Folter.
Wem fehlt‘s hier an Distanz? Über Gender Studies als Beruf
Authors: Hirschauer Stefan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This reply shares the standard set by the discussants that sociological observation – especially in Gender Studies – makes considerable demands with regard to perspective. However, the reply contests that the discussed paper lacks a tolerance of inequality or is politically predetermined. Indeed, in contrast, it is argued that Luhmann’s difference-theoretical thinking lacks empirical specificity and that data gathered in private settings make higher demands with regard to perspective: The professional observation of gender differentiation requires getting not only political, but especially cultural and familial perspective. These are found to be lacking in the discussants. Their standard, however, remains untouched.
MODEL DAKWAH MELALUI MEDIA BONEKA (Studi Deskriptif Tentang Dakwah Kak Risma Nurunnisa Menggunakan Media Boneka Kepada Anak-anak di Jalan Bima Kelurahan Arjuna Kecamatan Cicendo Kota Bandung)
Authors: Nurjanah Intan , Saiful Amin Dang Eif , Zuhri Nase Saepudin 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana model dakwah yang dilakukan oleh Kak Risma Nurunnisa melalui media boneka, serta metode bercerita yang diterapkan dalam kegiatan dakwahnya dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi terhadap mad’u dari kalangan anak-anak dalam mengikuti kegiatan dakwah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Metode kualitatif merupakan metode penelitian yang jenis data penelitian atau fenomena penelitian tidak diperoleh secara statistik. Pendekatan deskriptif bertujuan untuk menjelaskan secara sistematis bidang tertentu secara faktual dan cermat.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model dakwah yang dilakukan oleh Kak Ris Nurunnisa menggunakan metode Ibrat al-Qashash. Pesan yang disampaikan tentang kisah-kisah Rasul dan Sahabatnya. Faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah faktor sugesti, di dalam interaksi sosial peranan sugesti banyak juga mempengaruhi tingkah laku manusia. Model Dakwah Kak Risma Nurunnisa berdasarkan tanggapan, sambutan dan perubahan yang terjadi pada anak relatif positif. Itu menunjukkan Model Dakwah Kak Risma Nurunnisa memang efektif.
This study aims to determine how the da'wah model carried out by Sis Risma Nurunnisa through puppet media, as well as the method of storytelling applied in her da'wah activities can increase the concentration of students from among children in participating in da'wah activities. The method used in this study is using qualitative methods with a descriptive approach. Qualitative methods are research methods whose research data types or research phenomena are not obtained statistically. The descriptive approach aims to systematically explain certain fields factually and carefully.
The results of this study indicate that the da'wah model performed by Sis Ris Nurunnisa uses the Ibrat al-Qashash method. Message delivered about the stories of the Apostle and his Friends. The influencing factor is the suggestion factor, in the social interaction the role of many suggestions also influences human behavior. The Da'wah Model of Risma Nurunnisa is based on responses, remarks and changes that occur in children are relatively positive. That shows Risma Nurunnisa's Da'wah Model is effective.
Dakwah Kemas Mahmud Melalui Kegiatan Training Motivasi
Authors: Dian Apud , Junaedi Jujun , Saepudin Nase 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dakwah yang disampaikan oleh Kemas Mahmud kepada Masyarakat. Secara lebih rinci tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui materi dakwah, metode dakwah dan media dakwah yang digunakan oleh Kemas Mahmus kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada asumsi teori Komunikasi yang dikembangkan oleh Harold Lasswell. Asumsi teori Komunikasi ini mengacu pada dakwah yang berimplementasi pada ceramah atau motivasi sedangkan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif, dan teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumntasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan dakwah sebagai komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh Kemas Mahmud dapat mengubah pola pikir para pendengarnya. Karena dakwah yang disampaikan menggunakan bahasa yang mudah dipahami oleh peserta serta materi yang disampaikan mudah dimengerti karena dibarengi dengan simulasi sehingga makna yang disampaikan bisa dirasakan langsung oleh peserta melaului simulasi. Kemudian metode yang digunakan Kemas mahmud juga beragam sesuai dengan usia dari pesertanya, dan untuk menunjang kegiatan Kemas Mahmud menggunakan media leptop, lcd utk menampilkan materi sehingga peserta bisa melihat langsung. Tidak hanya itu dalam kesehariannya Kemas Mahmud merupakan seorang trainer yang sederhana dan memiliki sikap yang ramah kepada keluarga juga masyarakat.
Kata Kunci : Trainer; Training Motivasi.
This research aims to find out the pattern of da'wah delivered by Kemas Mahmud to the Community. In more detail the purpose of this research is to find out the material of da'wah, the method of da'wah and the da'wah media used by Kemas Mahmus to the community. This research is based on the assumption of the Communication theory developed by Harold Lasswell. The assumption of the Communication theory refers to the da'wah that implements the lecture or motivation while the research method used is descriptive method, and the data collection technique uses interviews, observation, and documination. The results of this study indicate that da'wah activities as communication conducted by Kemas Mahmud can change the mindset of the listeners. Because the da'wah delivered using language that is easily understood by participants and the material presented is easy to understand because it is accompanied by simulations so that the meaning conveyed can be felt directly by the participants through the simulation. Then the method used by Kemas Mahmud also varied according to the age of the participants, and to support the Kemas Mahmud activity using computer, lcd media to display the material so that participants could see firsthand. Not only that in his daily life, Kemas Mahmud is a trainer which is simple and has a friendly attitude to the family as well as the community.
Keywords: Trainer; Motivation training.
Representasi Ukhuwah Islamiah dalam Film Pendek
Authors: Maulidah Linda , Fatoni Uwes , Muhlis Atjep 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adegan yang merepresentasikan adanya Ukhuwah Islamiah, tentang bagaimana adegan ukhuwah Islamiah ditinjau dari Semiotika model Charles Sanders Piece. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode analisis Semiotika Charles Piece yang mengkaji dengan konsep Segitiga makna yaitu Representamen/tanda, Interpretant dan object. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan 14 representament adegan yang merepresentasi ukhuwah Islamiah dalam film Cinta dalam Ukhuwah. Adapun object yang merepresentasikan ukhuwah Islamiah adalah nuansa-nuansa dari ekspresi tokoh atau keadaan-keadaan yang sedang tokoh lakukan. Intrepretant yang didapat ialah bahwa dalam film tersebut menunjukan adanya faktor perusak dan penguat ukhuwah Islamiah dari perilaku-perilaku yang ditunjukan dari representament dan object.
Kata Kunci : Film; Semiotika; Ukhuwah Islamiah

Purpuses of the reseach is to know a scene that represent existence of Ukhuwah Islamiah. About how the scene of the Ukhuwah islamiah is viewed from the semiotics model of Charles sanders. This research is a qualitative study with a Semiotics analytical methods of Charles peirce, that examine the concept of the triangle meaning it is representament/sign, interpretant, and object. The results of this study Find 14 representament scenes that represent about ukhuwah Islamiah. As for the object representing ukhuwah Islamiah are nuances of a character's expression, Or the circumstances being where people are. Intepretant is obtained Or the circumstances being where people are. Interpretant is obtained in the film, it shows the destructive factor and the booster of ukhuwah Islamiah from the attitudes indicated by the representament and object.
Keywords: Movie; Semiotic; Ukhuwah Islamiah
Metode Tabligh Ustadz Yopi Nurdiansyah
Authors: Nurhayati Hani , Kusnawan Aep , Nuraeni Heny Gustini 
Published: April 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui metode tabligh Ustadz Yopi Nurdiansyah dan proses penerapan metode tabligh Ustadz Yopi Nurdiansyah di Pondok Pesantren Tahfizh Miftahul Khoir Rancaekek-Bandung. Untuk menjawab beberapa fokus penelitian tersebut dengan jawaban yang objektif, peneliti mengumpulkan beberapa data-data seperti wawancara dan observasi.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kualitatif dan pendekatan deskripstif. Metode kualitatif merupakan metode penelitian yang jenis data penelitian atau fenomena penelitian tidak diperoleh secara statistik.
Hasil yang didapat dalam penilitian terhadap Metode Tabligh Ustadz Yopi Nurdiansyah dalam pengajian Majlis Ta’lim Ibu-ibu di Pondok Pesantren Tahfizh Miftahul Khoir Rancaekek-Bandung memiliki konsep metode tabligh yaitu dengan metode 4T (Tahsin, Tarjamah, Tafsir, dan Tathbiq) dalam Al-Quran. Kemudian penerapan Metode Tabligh Ustadz Yopi Nurdiansyah yaitu dengan bentuk ceramah (Khitobah) dan diskusi. Efektifitas Metode Tabligh Ustadz Yopi Nurdiansyah berdasarkan tanggapan, sambutan, dan perubahan yang terjadi pada ibu-ibu sangat positif.
The purpose of this study was to determine the method of tabligh Ustadz Yopi Nurdiansyah and the process of applying the method of tabligh Ustadz Yopi Nurdiansyah in the Islamic Boarding School of Tahfizh Miftahul Khoir Rancaekek-Bandung. To answer some of the focus of the research with objective answers, the researcher collected several data such as interviews and observations. The research method used is a qualitative method and descriptive approach. Qualitative methods are research methods whose research data types or research phenomena are not obtained statistically. The results obtained in the study of the Tabligh Ustadz Yopi Nurdiansyah Method in the Majlis Ta'lim recitation The women at the Tahfizh Miftahul Islamic Boarding School Khoir Rancaekek-Bandung had the tabligh method concept, namely the 4T method (Tahsin, Tarjamah, Tafsir, and Tathbiq) in Al- The Quran. Then the application of the Tabligh Ustadz Yopi Nurdiansyah Method is in the form of lectures (Khitobah) and discussions. The Effectiveness of the Tabligh Method Ustadz Yopi Nurdiansyah is based on responses, remarks, and the changes that occur to mothers are very positive.
Model Dakwah Hizbiyah
Authors: Isma Ismawati , Syamsuddin RS Syamsuddin , Zuhri Nase Sepudin 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model dakwah di Pimpinan Cabang Pemudi Persatuan Islam Margaasih. Perihal kegiatan dakwah di Pimpinan Cabang Pemudi Persatuan Islam meliputi materi dakwah serta metode yang digunakan dalam menyampaikan pesan dakwah kemudian efek dari penerapan dari materi dakwah kepada anggota pemudi. Metode pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Pengumpulan data peneliti menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini digunakan penafsiran logika yang dilakukan dengan kontek komunikasi dan penyiaran Islam.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa model dakwah Pimpinan Cabang Pemudi Persatuan Islam Margaasih adanya proses dakwah yang para mubaligh menyampaikan pesan dakwah kepada mad’u mempersiapakan penyampaian yang dapat direspon dengan baik. Model dakwah menjadi alat dan ciri khas tersendiri ketika dalam menyampaikan. Didalam konsep kajian dakwah menanamkan keilmuan yang berlandaskan dengan Al-Qur’an dan As-Sunnah.
Kata Kunci : Model Dakwah, Hizbiyah

ABSTRACT

This study aims to determine the model of da'wah in the Islamic Youth Branch Manager of Margaasih. Regarding the da'wah activities in the Branch Leader of the Islamic Unity Youth, including da'wah material as well as the methods used in delivering da'wah messages, then the effects of the application of da'wah material to young female members. The method in this study uses descriptive methods. Data collection researchers used observation, interview and documentation techniques. Analysis of the data in this study used logical interpretations conducted with the context of Islamic communication and broadcasting.
The results of this study indicate that the model of the Branch Leader of the Youth of Islamic Unity Margaasih preaching process that the preachers conveyed the message of da'wah to mad'u preparing the delivery that could be responded well. Da'wah models become their own tools and characteristics when conveying. In the concept of da'wah studies instill knowledge that is based on the Qur'an and the Sunnah.
Keywords: Model Da'wah, Hizbiyah
ANÁLISE DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA ACERCA DA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE DOCENTES DOS INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS
Authors: Santos Danise Vivian Gonçalves dos , Ferrete Anne Alilma Silva Souza , Santos Luiz Anselmo Menezes 
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho apresenta o estado do conhecimento a respeito da formação docente continuada na Educação Profissional dos Institutos Federais, buscando identificar as perspectivas teóricas e características específicas de cada artigo publicado entre 2010 e 2018. A necessidade de investigação surge da problemática apresentada na formação pedagógica dos docentes dos Institutos Federais, considerando que a maioria, ao ingressar, não possuem formação pedagógica. Os dados levantados foram analisados e interpretados à luz da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam para um crescimento nas pesquisas sobre formação docente na Educação Profissional, após a criação dos Institutos Federais. Foram identificados poucos relatos de práticas formativas e a necessidade de aprofundamento da teoria sobre formação docente.
Hızlı ofis zorlanma değerlendirmesi yönteminin entegre bir çok kriterli karar verme yaklaşımıyla geliştirilmesi
Authors: Kılıç Delice Elif , CAN Gülin Feryal , KAHYA Emin 
Published: April 2020

Günümüzde işe bağlı kas
iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıkları (KİSR) giderek artmakta ve bu durum hem iş
verimliliğini düşürmekte hem de çalışan sağlığını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu
nedenle KİSR’nın ortaya çıkmadan önce önlenmesi amacıyla çalışma ortamının ergonomik
ilkelere dayanılarak tasarlanması önem taşımaktadır. Bununla birlikte, işletmelerde,
ergonomik açıdan tasarım iyileştirme çalışmalarına başlamadan önce çalışanların
zorlanma düzeyinin yüksek olduğu birimlerin ve bu birimlerdeki ofis
bileşenlerinin belirlenmesi gerekmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, ofis bileşenlerinin neden olduğu zorlanma düzeylerinin
belirlenmesi ve bu düzeylere göre öncelikli olarak ergonomik iyileştirme
yapılacak birimlerin tespiti için Hızlı Ofis Zorlanma Değerlendirmesi (Rapid
Office Strain Assesment-ROSA) yöntemi temelinde entegre bir çok kriterli karar
verme (ÇKKV) yaklaşımı önerilmiştir. Önerilen yaklaşımda, ofis bileşenleri
nedeniyle oluşan zorlama düzeyleri ROSA yöntemine göre değerlendirilmiş, ofis
bileşenlerinin önem derecelerinin belirlenmesinde ÇKKV yöntemlerinden biri olan
Adım Adım Ağırlık Değerlendirme Oran Analizi (Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio
Analysis-SWARA) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Zorlanma düzeylerine göre birimlerin
sıralanmasında ise Ağırlıklandırılmış Bütünleşik Toplam Çarpım Değerlendirmesi
(Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment–WASPAS) yöntemi uygulanmıştır.
Önerilen yaklaşım, havacılık sanayisinde faaliyet gösteren bir firmada
uygulanmış ve zorlanma düzeyini arttıran en önemli ofis bileşeni sandalye
olarak belirlenirken, İmalat Mühendisliği ve ARGE birimleri ise zorlanma düzeyi
en yüksek birimler olarak tespit edilmiştir. Duyarlılık analizi sonucunda ise
birimlerin zorlanma düzeylerine ait sıralamaların değişimi değerlendirilmiştir.