bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The case for research integration, from genomics to remote sensing, to understand biodiversity change and functional dynamics in the world's lakes
Authors: Thackeray Stephen J. , Hampton Stephanie E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFreshwater ecosystems are heavily impacted by multiple stressors, and a freshwater biodiversity crisis is underway. This realization has prompted calls to integrate global freshwater ecosystem data, including traditional taxonomic and newer types of data (e.g., eDNA, remote sensing), to more comprehensively assess change among systems, regions, and organism groups. We argue that data integration should be done, not only with the important purpose of filling gaps in spatial, temporal, and organismal representation, but also with a more ambitious goal: to study fundamental cross‐scale biological phenomena. Such knowledge is critical for discerning and projecting ecosystem functional dynamics, a realm of study where generalizations may be more tractable than those relying on taxonomic specificity. Integration could take us beyond cataloging biodiversity losses, and toward predicting ecosystem change more broadly. Fundamental biology questions should be central to integrative, interdisciplinary research on causal ecological mechanisms, combining traditional measures and more novel methods at the leading edge of the biological sciences. We propose a conceptual framework supporting this vision, identifying key questions and uncertainties associated with realizing this research potential. Our framework includes five interdisciplinary “complementarities.” First, research approaches may provide comparative complementarity when they offer separate realizations of the same focal phenomenon. Second, for translational complementarity, data from one research approach is used to translate that from another, facilitating new inferences. Thirdly, causal complementarity arises when combining approaches allows us to “fill in” cause–effect relationships. Fourth, contextual complementarity is realized when together research methodologies establish the wider ecological and spatiotemporal context within which focal biological responses occur. Finally, integration may allow us to cross inferential scales through scaling complementarity. Explicitly identifying the modes and purposes of integrating research approaches, and reaching across disciplines to establish appropriate collaboration will allow researchers to address major biological questions that are more than the sum of the parts.
The Effect of Reflexology on Lactation and Postpartum Comfort in Caesarean‐Delivery Primiparous Mothers: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Çankaya Seyhan , Ratwisch Gülay 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the effect of reflexology on lactation and postpartum comfort in primiparas giving births through caesarean section.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial was conducted in 100 women with first birth through caesarean section between May 2016 and May 2017. Expectant mothers were randomly included into an intervention and a control group. The intervention group consisted of mothers in whom reflexology was performed three times per day at every eight hours for 30 min for 3 days.ResultsThe mean scores of the breastfeeding chart system and breastfeeding satisfaction scores of the mothers in the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the controls, and the first lactation period of the mothers in the intervention group was shorter than that of the controls. Mean breast‐tension, breast‐heat, and breast‐pain scores were similar in both groups on day 1; however, a significant increase was seen the intervention group on days 2 and 3, compared to those in the controls. The mean scores of the Postpartum Comfort Questionnaire in the intervention group were significantly better than those of the controls.ConclusionsReflexology starts lactation earlier in mothers giving birth via caesarean section, supports the breastfeeding period, and increases mothers' postpartum comfort.
The why and when of background checks: Situational factors moderate effects of criminal and financial stigma
Authors: Kuhn Kristine M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPast criminal and financial transgressions, even when of questionable job relevance, can harm job‐seekers' prospects. In three hiring simulation experiments, manipulations of situational factors hypothesized to alter decision focus moderate the effect of background report information on applicant evaluations. In Study 1, emphasizing in‐role performance as a hiring goal decreases the weight placed on transgressions relative to standard qualifications. Study 2 demonstrates this context effect with a different design and experienced hiring professionals, and finds that delaying background checks heightens a transgression's impact. In Study 3, presenting novel positive information in conjunction with a criminal offense mitigates the delay effect. By adopting a behavioral decision perspective, this research illuminates how situational factors shape the impact of a widespread form of stigma.
School Integration of Migrant Children from the United States in a Border Context
Authors: Vargas‐Valle Eunice D. , Aguilar‐Zepeda Rodrigo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSince 2008, about half a million children have arrived in Mexico from the United States, most of whom are US‐born. However, due to limited statistical data, there have been few quantitative studies on their school integration. Using data from the 2017 School Integration Survey, conducted in 86 lower secondary schools in the Tijuana metropolitan area, we analyse the relationship between students’ liking of school and their binational school trajectories in this border city with high return migration. The results, based on a multivariate statistical analysis, show that students who studied in that country exhibit a lower liking of school, which correlates with a higher number of years of schooling in the U.S. and less time spent in Mexico since last arrival. Various mediating mechanisms are identified, such as limited Spanish proficiency, teacher indifference and lack of cultural identification with Mexico. The implications for education policy are also discussed.
Is aggregate volatility a priced risk factor?
Authors: Peterburgsky Stanley 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study shows that the relationships between sensitivity to changes in aggregate volatility and expected return on stocks documented by Ang et al. (Journal of Finance, 2006, 61, 259–299) for the 15‐year period from 1986 to 2000 have disappeared in the following 15‐year period. Aggregate volatility betas in the portfolio preformation month have not predicted postformation returns. Alphas from time‐series regressions of excess returns on the high‐minus‐low sensitivity to aggregate volatility portfolio with respect to the CAPM, the Fama–French three‐factor model, and the Fama–French five‐factor model have not been statistically different from zero. Finally, the price of aggregate volatility risk has not been statistically different from zero. Analysis based on high‐frequency data support these results. Thus, the importance of aggregate volatility as a factor in the presence of well‐known factors such as SMB and HML appears to be unclear.
Financial constraints and workforce environment: An international investigation
Authors: Habib Ahsan , Costa Mabel D. , Huang Hedy J. , Sun Xuan S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe examine the association between financial constraints and workforce environment. Using data from 43 countries for the period 2002–2017, we find that financially constrained firms tend to have poor workforce environments. In addition, we investigate the impact of country‐level employment protection legislation (EPL) on this association. It is evident from our results that the investment decisions of firms under financial constraints are conditional on the strictness of EPL. Our findings provide important practical implications for international policy makers, in particular, about the significance of EPL for workforce environments. Our study also contributes to the scant literature on the determinants of workforce environment and provides robust international evidence on the detrimental effects of financial constraints on workforce environments.
Promoting satisfaction and reducing fatigue: Understanding the impact of trauma‐informed organizational culture on psychological wellness among Direct Service Providers
Authors: Keesler John M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundOrganizations supporting individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are challenged with maintaining a viable workforce of direct support professionals (DSPs). Amid multiple factors, organizational culture based on trauma‐informed care may promote DSP retention through increased satisfaction and decreased fatigue.MethodAn online survey was used to gather data from DSPs (n = 380) across seven agencies and two online social media groups. Data were analysed using stepwise regression to identify the relationship between trauma‐informed organizational culture and professional quality of life (i.e., satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress).ResultsTrauma‐informed organizational culture was associated with increased DSP psychological wellness. Regression models explained 7.3%–40.5% of the variance in professional quality of life.ConclusionsAlthough trauma‐informed initiatives have lagged in IDD services, this study provides preliminary evidence to bolster its justification, highlighting it as a possible partial response to the current workforce challenges.
Inability to capture with increasing current strength: Is this near‐field or far‐field?
Authors: Liu Fang‐Zhou , Liao Hong‐Tao , Zhan Xian‐Zhang , Shehata Michael , Ehdaie Ashkan , Chen Qiu‐Fan , Wu Shu‐Lin , Xue Yu‐Mei , Wang Xun‐Zhang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe present a case of wide‐complex tachycardia in which the clinical electrophysiological diagnosis was considered to be bundle branch re‐entry ventricular tachycardia. A series of ventricular entrainment attempts were performed from the left and right ventricular septum to confirm the diagnosis. Entrainment pacing with a general current output (10 mA) was performed from the right ventricular septum with manifest fusion and a post‐pacing interval similar to tachycardia cycle length. Thereafter, another entrainment attempt with a greater current output (20 mA) was performed from the same site. Paradoxically, concealed fusion was demonstrated by selective RB capture only, though there was no clear “RB” potential seen. In this case, we attempt to explain and illustrate the mechanism of paradoxical near‐field inability to capture with increasing current strength.
A novel nicastrin mutation in a three‐generation Dutch family with hidradenitis suppurativa: a search for functional significance
Authors: Vossen A.R.J.V. , van Straalen K.R. , Swagemakers S.M.A. , de Klein J.E.M.M. , Stubbs A.P. , Venter D.J. , van der Zee H.H. , van der Spek P.J. , Prens E.P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundMutations in the γ‐secretase enzyme subunits have been described in multiple kindreds with familial hidradenitis suppurativa (HS).ObjectiveIn this study, we report a novel nicastrin (NCSTN)mutation causingHSin a Dutch family. We sought to explore the immunobiological function ofNCSTNmutations using data of the Immunological Genome Project.MethodsBlood samples of three affected and two unaffected family members were collected. Whole‐genome sequencing was performed using genomicDNAisolated from peripheral blood leucocytes. Sanger sequencing was done to confirm the causativeNCSTNvariant and the familial segregation. The microarray data set of the Immunological Genome Project was used for thorough dissection of the expression and function of wildtypeNCSTNin the immune system.ResultsIn a family consisting of 23 members, we found an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern ofHSand detected a novel splice site mutation (c.1912_1915delCAGT) in theNCSTNgene resulting in a frameshift and subsequent premature stop. All affected individuals hadHSlesions on non‐flexural and atypical locations. WildtypeNCSTNappears to be upregulated in myeloid cells like monocytes and macrophages, and in mesenchymal cells such as fibroblastic reticular cells and fibroblasts. In addition, within the 25 highest co‐expressed genes withNCSTNwe identifiedCAPNS1,ARNTandPPARD.ConclusionThis study reports the identification a novelNCSTNgene splice site mutation which causes familialHS. The associated immunobiological functions ofNCSTNand its co‐expressed genesARNTandPPARDlink genetics to the most common environmental and metabolicHSrisk factors which are smoking and obesity.
Cutaneous adverse events: a predictor of tumour response under anti‐PD‐1 therapy for metastatic melanoma, a cohort analysis of 189 patients
Authors: Bottlaender L. , Amini‐Adle M. , Maucort‐Boulch D. , Robinson P. , Thomas L. , Dalle S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionCutaneous adverse events (AEs) are the most prevalent toxicity under checkpoint inhibitors in clinical trials. In ‘real‐life’ conditions of use, skin toxicities under anti‐PD‐1 have not been described to date in a large cohort. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical features of skin toxicities in patients with advanced melanoma receiving anti‐PD‐1 therapy under ‘real‐life’ conditions of use. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the characteristics of patients with skin toxicities and to analyse associated extra‐cutaneous toxicities, progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).Patients and methodsAdvanced melanoma patients treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab between August 2014 and October 2017 were included. Patients lost to follow‐up or receiving anti‐PD‐1 as part of a clinical trial were excluded.ResultsOne hundred and eighty‐nine patients with metastatic melanoma (with 109 men (57.7%) were included. Cutaneous AE occurred in 39 patients (20.6%). The three most prevalent cutaneous AEs were skin eruption (macular–papular or eczematous) (n = 18, 9.5%), vitiligo (n = 16; 8.5%) and isolated pruritus (n = 5, 2.6%). Grade 3–4 skin toxicity was diagnosed in five patients (2.6%). Atopy (28.2% vs. 12.0%; P = 0.024), hypereosinophilia (20.5% vs. 8.7%; P = 0.046), thyroiditis (17.9% vs. 4.7%; P = 0.011) and renal toxicity (15.4% vs. 4%; P = 0.019) were significantly associated with cutaneous AE. Patients with skin eruption (log‐rank = 0.001), vitiligo (log‐rank = 0.001) and any type of cutaneous AE (log‐rank < 0.001) had a better overall survival.ConclusionsCutaneous AEs are frequent and often manageable toxicity and were a predictor of tumour response in melanoma patients under anti‐PD‐1 therapy in this cohort.
The long and winding road of discontinuing long‐term use of antidepressants: Learning from my experience
Authors: Wilson Ceri 
Published: February 2020

Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject?

More people experience withdrawal symptoms when weaning off antidepressants than previously thought; particularly after taking them for a long time.

What this paper adds to existing knowledge?

I explore my own experience of weaning off antidepressants; detailing conflicting advice I have received from healthcare professionals, and the mental and physical withdrawal symptoms I experienced.

I relate my experiences to a growing body of research, which have important implications for improving care.

What are the implications for mental health nursing?

Healthcare professionals should make patients aware of potential withdrawal symptoms they may experience before they wean off antidepressants; regularly review their progress; consider helping them access psychological support whilst weaning off; and engage in open and collaborative conversations with patients throughout.

Clinical guidance needs to be updated to provide appropriate evidence‐based information/advice/recommendations for how best to support patients when coming off of antidepressants.

AbstractA significant proportion of the UK population are taking antidepressants, and have been taking them for at least a year. Clinical guidelines have controversially stated that withdrawal symptoms when weaning off antidepressants are mild and resolve after one week, with the proviso that they can be severe only if the drug is stopped abruptly. However, recent evidence suggests this is not the case. I describe my own experiences of tapering the dose of my antidepressants after several years of taking them. I describe my encounters with healthcare professionals throughout this period, detailing conflicting advice I have received, along with describing the mental and physical withdrawal symptoms I have experienced. My experiences relate to a growing body of research, which have important implications for improving care. Potential learning outcomes are that healthcare professionals should make patients aware of potential withdrawal symptoms they may experience before they wean off antidepressants; regularly review their progress; consider helping them access psychological support whilst weaning off; and engage in open and collaborative conversations with patients throughout the process. Clinical guidance needs to be updated to provide appropriate evidence‐based information, advice, and recommendations for how best to support patients when coming off of antidepressants.
Developing a Logic Model for the Triple‐C Intervention: A Practice‐Derived Intervention to Support People with Intellectual Disability and Challenging Behavior
Authors: Tournier Tess , Hendriks Alexander H.C. , Jahoda Andrew , Hastings Richard P. , Embregts Petri J. C. M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPartly due to a lack of evidence‐based methods to support people with intellectual disability (ID) and challenging behavior, their needs are often poorly met. One way to generate rapid evidence is to systematically describe and monitor interventions that are considered to be “good practice”—to develop evidence based on practical knowledge. This study describes the Dutch practice‐based intervention Triple‐C (Client, Coach, Competence). The intervention was developed in practice to support people with severe ID to borderline functioning and challenging behavior. The practice‐based nature of Triple‐C means that many of the professionals' actions or activities are often underpinned by their implicit knowledge about the intervention they are delivering. Consequently, as the emphasis is on practice, the professionals can find it difficult to articulate how the intervention is operationalized and positive change achieved. This study aimed to assess the practical knowledge of Triple‐C professionals and to develop an understanding of the mechanisms of change for Triple‐C to improve understanding and to inform future research about the intervention. Through an iterative process, a logic model was developed to describe the intervention and its underlying assumptions. The development of the logic model was shaped using interviews with the founders, focus groups with support staff, psychologists, managers and members of the board of a service provider, and the analysis of published accounts of the Triple‐C intervention. Data gathered from these sources were analyzed using content analysis. The logic model of the Triple‐C intervention provides insight into the key elements of the approach, such as the need for unconditional supportive relationship and carrying out meaningful activities. Moreover, the potential relationship with existing evidence‐based interventions such as Positive Behavioral Support and Active Support are described. Defining the underlying logic of a practice‐based intervention like Triple‐C is an important first step toward producing an evidence base for interventions developed from clinical practice.
Non‐invasive tests for liver fibrosis in NAFLD: Creating pathways between primary healthcare and liver clinics
Authors: Castera Laurent 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDespite affecting around one‐fourth of the general population worldwide, non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains a largely under‐recognized disease in primary healthcare, with not more than 10% of patients diagnosed with NAFLD referred to specialists. The main challenge in clinical practice is the identification of those with advanced liver fibrosis or cirrhosis, as they are at the greatest risk of developing complications. Liver biopsy appears to be an unrealistic and unsuitable option because of the large number of high‐risk patients and the well‐known limitations of this technique. This has favoured the development of non‐invasive tests, which have been an area of intensive research in the past decade. Transient elastography, FIB‐4 and the NAFLD fibrosis score are the most extensively used and best validated tests, with summary AUROC values for detecting advanced fibrosis in NAFLD patients of 0.88, 0.84 and 0.84 respectively. Although much work remains to be done to establish cost‐effective strategies for the screening for advanced fibrosis, the sequential use of non‐invasive tests (serum biomarkers, then measurement of liver stiffness using transient elastography) appears to be the most promising strategy. The next step is to establish effective pathways in primary healthcare and/or diabetes clinics where most NAFLD patients are seen, to identify those who need to be referred to liver clinics for further assessment.
EASL clinical practice guidelines for the management of occupational liver diseases
Authors: Colombo Massimo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) on Occupational Liver Diseases (OLD) of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) have been developed to increase awareness, recognition and improve management of patients with OLD. Indeed, although workplace exposure has been associated with virtually the entire spectrum of acute and chronic liver diseases, data on the epidemiology of OLD are scarce. These diseases may be a result of high‐level accidental exposure or prolonged lower level exposure to a variety of chemicals including solvents, pesticides, metals and other agents. While acute liver diseases related to OLD are uncommon and easily recognized, chronic liver diseases are relatively more frequent but often overlooked because of their asymptomatic course and an insidious onset which is often accompanied by comorbidities. Because of the absence of data in observational studies and meta‐analyses or systematic reviews, the evidence and recommendations in these guidelines have been graded according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence‐based Medicine, which assesses evidence according to diagnostic, prevalence, aetiological, prognostic or preventive categories. They can still generate grades of recommendation even when the evidence is inconclusive.