bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extended Renal Artery Denervation Is Associated with Artery Wall Lesions and Acute Systemic and Pulmonary Hemodynamic Changes: A Sham-Controlled Experimental Study
Authors: Vakhrushev Aleksandr D. , Condori Leandro Heber Ivan , Goncharova Natalia S. , Korobchenko Lev E. , Mitrofanova Lubov B. , Lebedev Dmitry S. , Mikhaylov Evgeny N. 
Published: October 2020

Objectives. We sought to assess acute changes in systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics and microscopic artery lesions following extended renal artery denervation (RDN). Background. RDN has been proposed to reduce sympathetic nervous system hyperactivation. Although the effects of RDN on systemic circulation and overall sympathetic activity have been studied, data on the impact of RDN on pulmonary hemodynamics is lacking. Methods. The study comprised 13 normotensive Landrace pigs. After randomization, 7 animals were allocated to the group of bilateral RDN and 6 animals to the group of a sham procedure (SHAM). Hemodynamic measures, cannulation, and balloon-based occlusion of the renal arteries were performed in both groups. In the RDN group, radiofrequency ablation was performed in all available arteries and their segments. An autopsy study of the renal arteries was carried out in both groups. Results. The analysis was performed on 12 pigs (6 in either group) since pulmonary thromboembolism occurred in one case. A statistically significant drop in the mean diastolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was detected in the RDN group when compared with the SHAM group (change by

13.0
±
4.4

and

10.0
±
3.0

mmHg

, correspondingly;

P
=
0.04

). In 5 out of 6 pigs in the RDN group, a significant decrease in systemic systolic blood pressure was found, when compared with baseline (

98.8
±
17.8

vs.

90.2
±
12.6

mmHg

,

P
=
0.04

), and a lower mean pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) (

291.0
±
77.4

vs.

228.5
±
63.8

dyn
∗
sec
∗
c

m

−
5

,

P
=
0.03

) after ablation was found. Artery dissections were found in both groups, with prevalence in animals after RDN. Conclusions. Extensive RDN leads to a rapid and significant decrease in PAP. In the majority of cases, RDN is associated with an acute lowering of systolic blood pressure and PVR. Extended RDN is associated with artery wall lesions and thrombus formation underdiagnosed by angiography.
Desafíos técnicos para asegurar pensiones mínimas en la vejez:
Authors: López Fernando 
Published: October 2020

El principal objetivo de un sistema de pensiones es producir ingresos que permitan a las personas financiar sus necesidades en la vejez. En Chile, existe consenso de que las pensiones son bajas y que es necesario aumentarlas, sin embargo, no hay acuerdo sobre los cambios que necesitamos para lograrlo. Las principales discrepancias tienen como trasfondo diferencias ideológicas sobre redistribución de ingreso (solidaridad inter e intra generacional y su financiamiento) y disputas de poder asociadas a la gobernanza y administración del sistema. Continuar leyendo...
The Changing Landscape of Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines—Novel Platforms and Neoantigen Identification
Authors: Jou Jessica , Harrington Kevin J. , Zocca Mai-Britt , Ehrnrooth Eva , Cohen Ezra E.W. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Therapeutic cancer vaccines, an exciting development in cancer immunotherapy, share the goal of creating and amplifying tumor-specific T-cell responses, but significant obstacles still remain to their success. Here, we briefly outline the principles underlying cancer vaccine therapy with a focus on novel vaccine platforms and antigens, underscoring the renewed optimism. Numerous strategies have been investigated to overcome immunosuppressive mechanisms of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and counteract tumor escape, including improving antigen selection, refining delivery platforms, and use of combination therapies. Several new cancer vaccine platforms and antigen targets are under development. In an effort to amplify tumor-specific T-cell responses, a heterologous prime-boost antigen delivery strategy is increasingly used for virus-based vaccines. Viruses have also been engineered to express targeted antigens and immunomodulatory molecules simultaneously, to favorably modify the TME. Nanoparticle systems have shown promise as delivery vectors for cancer vaccines in preclinical research. T-win is another platform targeting both tumor cells and the TME, using peptide-based vaccines that engage and activate T cells to target immunoregulatory molecules expressed on immunosuppressive and malignant cells. With the availability of next-generation sequencing, algorithms for neoantigen selection are emerging, and several bioinformatic platforms are available to select therapeutically relevant neoantigen targets for developing personalized therapies. However, more research is needed before the use of neoepitope prediction and personalized immunotherapy becomes commonplace. Taken together, the field of therapeutic cancer vaccines is fast evolving, with the promise of potential synergy with existing immunotherapies for long-term cancer treatment.
A Sign For You: A Child Savior Revealed to Child Shepherds
Authors: Allen Amy Lindeman 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Drawing on parallels from Jewish, Greco-Roman, and Early Christian sources alongside of sociological models of agriculture in subsistence economies, this essay makes the case for the presence (if not preponderance) of child shepherds among those who receive the angelic message in Luke 2:1–20. By engaging a childist reading that both considers the position of the shepherds with regards to their economic and social standing in Bethlehem and re-reads the angelic message and proclamation of an infant as sign in light of such a youthful audience, this essay reframes the perceived identity of the Bethlehem shepherds to foreground the children in their midst.
Ecomimetic Interpretation: Ascertainment, Identification, and Dialogue in Matthew 6:25–34
Authors: Copeland Rebecca L. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Biblical scholars often disregard ecological hermeneutics too readily as a special interest approach that is incapable of contributing to wider interpretive and theological conversations. This essay offers a new approach, ecomimetic interpretation, as a reading strategy that can bridge the gap between ecological hermeneutics and other forms of hermeneutical inquiry. Ecomimetic interpretation requires the interpreter to identify with non-human characters in a given text and allow that identification to contribute to the questions and findings that other approaches raise. In doing so, it contributes to such disparate fields as historical critical studies, theology, ethics, and ecological hermeneutics. This essay first develops the method of ecomimetic interpretation, illustrating each step with a brief reading of Matt. 6:25–34, and then surveys the contributions that this reading strategy can make to a variety of disciplines.
Apechei (Mark 14:41) as Hermeneutic Clue in/to Gethsemane
Authors: Hatton Stephen B. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Attempts to explain the meaning of apechei in Mark 14:41 have failed to achieve a consensus among scholars perhaps because they dwell on events and characters in the story. In contrast, this article seeks to understand the use of apechei in the text of the author. The translation with the strongest evidence relates to a financial transaction that has been completed. The article argues that apechei refers to the final prayer of Jesus and sleep of the disciples and asks what it is about that pair that makes them a final payment. It examines the three prayer–sleep iterations in Gethsemane and shows that they comprise a comic scene. Apechei thus refers to the sufficiency of the three iterations to attest to comedy. The article then demonstrates that the betrayal, ear-cutting, and naked young man narratives are all comedy. Apechei is thus an important hermeneutic clue to comedy in Gethsemane.
Cut & Splice: Reading Judges 19 Cinematically
Authors: Hurlbert Brandon M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
What is the purpose of the violence in Judges 19 and what does this narrative aim to accomplish in its readers? Phyllis Trible (1984), Cheryl Exum (1993), and more recently, Margaret Atwood (2019), suggest that this violence is viewed positively by the narrator and serves to reinforce patriarchal ideology. I propose that a different conclusion may be reached by adopting a ‘grammatical-cinematic’ approach. The goal of this approach is to read the biblical narrative through film, i.e., to tell the biblical story in the language of the cinema by focusing on the ‘cinematic sensibilities’ of the text. Using examples from Quentin Tarantino’s Django Unchained, I argue that this approach can recover the agency and dignity of the woman and better visualize the brutality of violence. Finally, I argue that one can understand the object of the author’s critique to be the events and characters of the narrative.
The Prophet of Second Chances: Jonah, Israel and Assyria and their Missed Opportunities for Redemption
Authors: Scolnic Benjamin Edidin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The author of the Book of Jonah carefully selected the prophet Jonah ben Amittai, mentioned briefly in 2 Kings 14:23–29, to be the anti-hero of his tale. We may integrate knowledge from the historical context of this prophet’s lifetime in the eighth century bce to see structural parallels between the sinful actions, Yhwh’s merciful responses to the actions, and the continued sinful actions, of Jonah, Israel and Assyria. Jonah becomes the prophet of second chances: for Israel, for himself, for the Assyrians, and then for the Judean audience, either in the Babylonian exile or thereafter, in a work written in agreement with the theological paradigm of the Deuteronomistic histories that attempt to demonstrate Yhwh’s mercy.
Corporate Criminality and Individual Criminal Responsibility in International Law: Removing the Hurdles from the International Criminal Court’s Approach to Perpetration through Control of a Collective Entity
Authors: Kotzamani Panagiota 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This article discusses the International Criminal Court’s (icc) understanding of the notion of collective criminality and its application in identifying the perpetrators of international crimes committed through the activities of a corporation. It analyses the Court’s current approach to the notion of control in interpreting Art. 25(3)(a) of the icc Statute and explains why it cannot prove useful against individuals within non-state collective entities. In this direction, it suggests a more flexible theory of control and it applies it in the context of corporate criminality to identify the responsibility of company directors as perpetrators of international crimes through their corporation’s activities.
An Economic Analysis of the Perception of ‘Grief’ in the Letter to Philippians in the Light of New Institutional Economics (NIE)
Authors: Hon Ho Ip Alex 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Beginning with Paul Holloway’s view that the letter to Philippians is a letter of consolation aimed at comforting the “grief” of the grieving among the Philippi community, this paper argues one step further that the grief in the community is a problem of perception, with the help of new institutional economics (NIE). The primary reason for the divergence in perception is due to living in the Roman colony, the believing community was greatly affected by the values embedded in both formal and informal rules of the economy. In order to justify this view, this paper will, first, demonstrate the textual evidence showing that Paul’s major concern is the perception of believing community. Then, with the help of NIE, I will show how the formal and informal economic institutions of the Roman colony might constitute a perception that is very different from what Paul would expect.
A Perceptual Approach to EU Public Diplomacy: Investigating Collaborative Diplomacy in EU-Ukraine Relations
Authors: Chaban Natalia , Elgström Ole 
Published: October 2020

Summary
This article contributes to the theorisation of collaborative public diplomacy by introducing a perceptual approach. Engaging with the collaborative diplomacy paradigm developed to conceptualise public diplomacy in the context of non-traditional security threats and conflicts, as well as nation building, the article explores and compares perceptions of the European Union (EU) as a public diplomacy actor in Ukraine (tracked in 50 elite interviews) and in Brussels (13 interviews with EU practitioners). The article engages with a concept of a ‘perception gap’ hypothesising a gap between the Others’ perception of the EU and the EU’s self-perception. It furthers the conceptualisation of a perception gap by suggesting to consider it at cognitive, normative and emotive levels in the image structure and arguing variation between the levels. The article contends that a perception gap is a critical factor in preventing genuine dialogue, engagement and listening — key concepts proposed by the collaborative diplomacy paradigm.
COVID-19 and Gender: A Necessary Connection in Diplomatic Studies
Authors: Towns Ann E. , Jezierska Katarzyna , Kreft Anne-Kathrin , Niklasson Birgitta 
Published: October 2020

Summary
The COVID-19 crisis has fundamentally gendered effects, on intimate partner violence, the division of care labour, healthcare and more. This, and other COVID-19-related changes, may have important consequences for the gendered practice of diplomacy. This essay therefore discusses COVID-19 to highlight the need to pay better attention to gender in the study of diplomacy. For instance, what are the gender dimensions of diplomacy moving online? What are the gendered implications of the increased pressures on consular diplomacy? Turning to longer-term issues, how do gender justice organisations that respond to COVID-19 target diplomats and embassies? How, in turn, do diplomats respond to such advocacy and the underlying problems they address, and does the recent increase in women diplomats make any difference? Gender and diplomacy are intimately interwoven, this essay contends, and understanding the implications of COVID-19 on diplomacy necessitates examining this connection.
Still Head Waiters Who Are Occasionally Allowed to Sit? Heads of Mission after COVID-19
Authors: Heine Jorge 
Published: October 2020

Summary
‘A diplomat these days is nothing but a head waiter who is occasionally allowed to sit’, the actor Peter Ustinov once quipped. The paradox is that at the height of the current phase of globalisation, diplomacy and diplomats were sidelined rather than recognised for their key roles as ‘hinges’ of this process. Will the COVID-19 pandemic, with its cutting back on travel and (most likely) the budgets of ministries of foreign affairs, and the blistering attacks of populists on diplomats lead to their further marginalisation? Looking at the newly emerging role of Chinese ambassadors, this essay argues that may not necessarily be the case.
A New Paradigm for EU Diplomacy? EU Council Negotiations in a Time of Physical Restrictions
Authors: Maurer Heidi , Wright Nicholas 
Published: October 2020

Summary
Can diplomacy work without physical presence? International relations scholars consider the European Union (EU) the most institutionalised case of international co-operation amongst sovereign states, with the highest density of repeated diplomatic exchange. In a year, the Council of Ministers hosts on average 143 ministerial and 200 ambassadorial meetings, along with hundreds of working group meetings. These intense diplomatic interactions came to an abrupt halt in mid-March 2020, when the spread of COVID-19 forced the Council to approve — in a manner unprecedented in European integration history — the temporary derogation from its rules of procedures to allow votes in written form, preceded by informal videoconferences between ministers or ambassadors. This argumentative essay reflects on how we can use these extraordinary months of intra-European diplomacy to assess the viability of virtual diplomacy in the EU context and what lessons it provides as we seek more sustainable means of international engagement.
Antarctic Diplomacy in a Time of Pandemic
Authors: Dodds Klaus , Hemmings Alan D. 
Published: October 2020

Summary
In the reporting about COVID-19 diplomacy, Antarctica has functioned as the exceptional — the only continent, thus far, not to record a single case of COVID-19, although cases were reported on Antarctic tourism vessels in the northern Antarctic Peninsula. For six decades, Antarctic governance has been an experiment in global democracy and diplomacy. Under the auspices of the Antarctic Treaty (1959) and associated legal instruments, all Consultative Parties from Argentina to Ukraine have the same fundamental rights to be engaged with the business of managing Antarctica. This essay speculates on ramifications of the pandemic for Antarctic governance and diplomacy. What are the implications when geographical distancing is joined by new forms of social distancing? Does the model of Antarctic governance and diplomacy still work? One possible future scenario is that conservation enforcement suffers because relevant parties refuse to accept the presence of others and weaponise public health to prevent public scrutiny.
Improving Ensemble Weather Prediction System Initialization: Disentangling the Contributions from Model Systematic Errors and Initial Perturbation Size
Authors: Hamill Thomas M. , Scheuerer Michael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCharacteristics of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast’s (ECMWF’s) 0000 UTC diagnosed 2-m temperatures (T2m) from 4D-Var and global ensemble forecasts initial conditions were examined in 2018 over the contiguous United States at 1/2° grid spacing. These were compared against independently generated, upscaled high-resolution T2m analyses that were created with a somewhat novel data assimilation methodology, an extension of classical optimal interpolation (OI) to surface data analysis. The analysis used a high-resolution, spatially detailed climatological background and was statistically unbiased. Differences of the ECMWF 4D-Var T2m initial states from the upscaled OI reference were decomposed into a systematic component and a residual component. The systematic component was determined by applying a temporal smoothing to the time series of differences between the ECMWF T2m analyses and the OI analyses. Systematic errors at 0000 UTC were commonly 1 K or more and larger in the mountainous western United States, with the ECMWF analyses cooler than the reference. The residual error is regarded as random in character and should be statistically consistent with the spread of the ensemble of initial conditions after inclusion of OI analysis uncertainty. This analysis uncertainty was large in the western United States, complicating interpretation. There were some areas suggestive of an overspread initial ensemble, with others underspread. Assimilation of more observations in the reference OI analysis would reduce analysis uncertainty, facilitating more conclusive determination of initial-condition ensemble spread characteristics.
Modifying the Extended Forecast Graphic to Improve Comprehension
Authors: Reed Jacob R. , Senkbeil Jason C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe extended forecast graphic (EFG) is a popular graphic used by meteorologists to convey weather information, but it is poorly understood by the public. Deficiencies in the format, content, and presentation of the EFG contribute to a decrease in the efficacy of this graphic and reduce the comprehension of weather information. The format of the EFG has largely gone unchanged since the graphic first became popular more than four decades ago. The goal of this research was to modify the format of the existing EFG to address current limitations that inhibit understanding and create confusion among the public. Data were gathered from an online survey of the public (n = 885). Four modified versions of the EFG were developed, evaluated, and compared with the existing EFG. Removing probability of precipitation (PoP) information, reducing the number of days shown, and switching to a horizontal layout featuring timing and intensity information resulted in higher percentages for comprehension of weather information and positive comments when compared with the current version. A majority of participants responded that forecasters could accurately predict the weather 3 days out, providing justification for the reduction in number of days shown in the modified EFGs. Results suggest that agencies and members of the meteorological community should continue evaluating and discussing the most effective ways to use graphics to convey weather information to their audiences.
Perceptions and experiences of laws and regulations governing access to opioids in South, Southeast, East and Central Asia: A systematic review, critical interpretative synthesis and development of a conceptual framework
Authors: Clark Joseph , Gnanapragasam Sam , Greenley Sarah , Pearce Jessica , Johnson Miriam 
Published: October 2020

Background: Opioids are essential medicines. Despite international and national laws permitting availability, opioid access remains inadequate, particularly in South, Southeast, East and Central Asia. Aim: To review evidence of perceptions and experiences of regulatory enablers and barriers to opioid access in South, Southeast, East and Central Asia. Design: Systematic review of post-2000 research according to PRISMA guidelines. Data were subjected to critical interpretive synthesis. International, national and sub-national barriers were organised developing a conceptual framework of opioid availability. Data sources: PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library. CINAHL, Complete and ASSIA from 2000 until 20th May 2019. Results: 21/14097 studies included: quantitative n = 15, qualitative n = 3 and mixed-methods n = 3. Four barrier/enabler themes were developed: Legal, regulatory, socio-political; lack of laws explicitly enabling opioid access, restrictive international controls and clinician prescribing concerns. Opioid availability; limited availability, poor policymaker and clinician education regarding opioid benefits, poor continuity of supply. Opioid Accessibility; medicine costs, distance to prescribing centres. Prescribing; extensive bureaucratic barriers, lack of human resources for prescribing. We present a novel framework of a self-perpetuating model of inadequate opioid provision. The Single Convention on Narcotics provides the context of restrictive laws and negative attitudes amongst policymakers. A consequent lack of prescribers and clinicians’ negative attitudes at sub-national levels, results in inadequate access to and use of opioids. Data of inadequate consumption informs annual requirement estimates used by the International Narcotics Control Board to determine future opioid availability. Conclusions: Regulatory and socio-political actions unintentionally limit opioid access. International and national laws explicitly enabling opioid access are required, to assuage concerns, promote training and appropriate prescribing.