bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of preference of brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) for different colour bell peppers and the role of plant protein
Authors: Mensah-Bonsu Melvin , Dingha Beatrice N. , Jackai Louis E. N. , Adjei-Fremah Sarah , Worku Mulumebet 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB),Halyomorpha halys, (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) a highly polyphagous invasive pest from Asia, has become a major agricultural pest in the United States. Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine nymph and adult BMSB preference for bell peppers of different colours (red, yellow, green, and orange). Peppers were presented to BMSB using a Dual Choice Arena Test (DCAT) with and without a standard (cowpea pod). The experiments were video recorded using the Noldus ObserverXT video system. A 4-arm olfactometer was used to determine plant volatile involvement in observed preferences. The Pierce Bicinchoninic Acid Protein assay was used to measure total protein concentration of the peppers. Results on preference measured by a Preference Index (PI, range 0–2), showed that nymphs and adults preferred peppers (PI ≥ 1.1) over cowpea pod. In a pairwise DCAT with all possible combinations, orange-coloured pepper was preferred over all the other peppers. Olfactometer test indicated thatH. halyswere more attracted to red and yellow peppers. Orange peppers showed the highest protein concentration whilst green peppers showed the least protein concentration.
Profiles of mathematics teachers’ competence and their relation to instructional quality
Authors: Blömeke Sigrid , Kaiser Gabriele , König Johannes , Jentsch Armin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMost of the research examining the relation between instructional quality (INQUA) and mathematics teachers’ competence was restricted to a limited set of competence facets. Furthermore, mostly variable-oriented approaches were applied that assume homogeneity of teacher competence. In our study, teacher competence is conceptualized as a comprehensive multi-dimensional construct including a broad range of subject-specific and generic facets regarding mathematics teachers’ knowledge, skills and beliefs, all assessed in a standardized way with well-established instruments. In our person-oriented approach, applying latent profile analysis, we examined whether it was possible to identify subgroups of teachers with different competence profiles. These profiles were then related to the generic and subject-specific INQUA implemented. The exploratory study was carried out with 77 secondary mathematics teachers from Germany as part of the projects TEDS Instruct and TEDS Validate. The data revealed four competence profiles that differed quantitatively and qualitatively. The profiles were related to different types of INQUA, and the relations indicate a need of strong levels of knowledge and skills for high INQUA but a lesser relevance of learning beliefs related to the dynamic nature of mathematics. In addition, our results indicate a need of a stronger subject-specific operationalization of INQUA in contrast to previously dominating generic conceptualizations.
Numerical and experimental investigation of out-of-plane fiber waviness on the mechanical properties of composite materials
Authors: Thor M. , Mandel U. , Nagler M. , Maier F. , Tauchner J. , Sause M. G. R. , Hinterhölzl R. M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe limited capability to predict material failure in composite materials and specifically in wavy composite layers has led to high margins of safety for the design of composite structures. Thus, the full lightweight potential of this class of materials is left unused. To understand the complex failure behavior of composite materials containing out-of-plane fiber waviness under compressive and tensile loading, a non-linear 2D material model was implemented in ABAQUS and validated with extensive experimental test data from compression and tensile tests. Each test was recorded by a stereo camera system for digital image correlation to resolve damage initiation and propagation in detail. This study has shown excellent agreement of numerical simulations with experimental data. In a virtual testing approach various parameters, i.e. amplitude, wavelength and laminate thickness, have been studied. It was found that the failure mode changed from delamination to kink shear band formation with increasing laminate thickness. The wavelength has shown minor influences compared to amplitude and laminate thickness.
Geological Heritage, Geotourism and Local Development in Aggtelek National Park (NE Hungary)
Authors: Telbisz Tamás , Gruber Péter , Mari László , Kőszegi Margit , Bottlik Zsolt , Standovár Tibor 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe examine how geoconservation and geotourism can help the local development of an economically underdeveloped karst area. First, we briefly present the geoheritage of Aggtelek National Park, which largely overlaps the area of the Aggtelek Karst. The area is built up predominantly of Triassic limestones and dolomites. It is a typical temperate zone, medium mountain karst area with doline-dotted karst plateaus and tectonic-fluvial valleys. Besides caves, the past history of iron mining also enriches its geoheritage. Aggtelek National Park was set aside in 1985. The caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst became part of the UNESCO World Heritage in 1995 due to the high diversity of cave types and morphology. Socially, the area of the national park is a disadvantaged border region in NE Hungary. Baradla Cave has always been a popular tourist destination, but visitor numbers fell significantly after 1985. Tourism is largely focused on Baradla Cave, and thus it can be considered “sensu lato” geotourism. Reasons for the changes in visitor numbers are discussed in this paper. Tourist motivations, the significance of geotourism and other tourism-related issues were explored in our study by questionnaire surveys and semi-structured interviews. Furthermore, the balance of geoconservation versus bioconservation is also examined. Finally, the relationship of geotourism, nature protection and local development is discussed. We conclude that the socio-economic situation of the Aggtelek Karst microregion is relatively better than that of the neighbouring regions, and this relative welfare is due to the existence of the national park and Baradla Cave.
DNA Mismatch Repair Deficiency Detection in Colorectal Cancer by a New Microsatellite Instability Analysis System
Authors: Wu Shafei , Liu Xiaoding , Wang Jing , Zhou Weixun , Guan Mei , Liu Yuanyuan , Pang Junyi , Lu Tao , Zhou Liangrui , Shi Xiaohua , Wu Huanwen , Liang Zhiyong , Zeng Xuan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Although microsatellite instability (MSI) is most commonly detected in colorectal cancer (CRC), improvement in MSI analysis method can always help us better assessing MSI phenotypes and gaining useful information in challenging cases. The purpose of current study is to explore whether the ProDx® MSI analysis System (ProDx® MSI) can improve MSI classification in CRC.

Methods
We compared the MSI profiles of 97 FFPE samples from CRC patients by ProDx® MSI with Promega MSI analysis System 1.2 and NCI panel. The result is then confirmed by IHC test, which evaluate MMR protein expression. Furthermore, next generation sequencing was performed to double confirm the specimens with discordant results.

Results
Among the total 97 CRC cases, 35 were scored as MSI-High by ProDx® MSI, Promega MSI analysis System 1.2, and NCI panel simultaneously. Three extra MSI-High cases were identified by ProDx® MSI. These three cases were classified as MSI-Low by NCI panel, while two of these as MSI-Low, and 1 as MSS by Promega MSI analysis System 1.2. ProDx® MSI had higher concordance with IHC detection compared with Promega MSI Analysis System 1.2 and NCI panel at 99.0%, 96.9%, and 95.9%, respectively. The ProDx® MSI distinguished MSI status with 100% sensitivity and 98.4% specificity. Our data showed that MSI-High phenotype occurred most frequently in tumor development stage I and stage II.

Conclusions
The colorectal cancer can be classified according to MSI status accurately by ProDx® MSI. More cases with MSI-High feature may be revealed by ProDx® MSI than by previous test systems in colorectal cancer.
Generating Survival Times Using Cox Proportional Hazards Models with Cyclic and Piecewise Time-Varying Covariates
Authors: Huang Yunda , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zhang Zong , Gilbert Peter B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTime-to-event outcomes with cyclic time-varying covariates are frequently encountered in biomedical studies that involve multiple or repeated administrations of an intervention. In this paper, we propose approaches to generating event times for Cox proportional hazards models with both time-invariant covariates and a continuous cyclic and piecewise time-varying covariate. Values of the latter covariate change over time through cycles of interventions and its relationship with hazard differs before and after a threshold within each cycle. The simulations of data are based on inverting the cumulative hazard function and a log link function for relating the hazard function to the covariates. We consider closed-form derivations with the baseline hazard following the exponential, Weibull, or Gompertz distribution. We propose two simulation approaches: one based on simulating survival data under a single-dose regimen first before data are aggregated over multiple-dosing cycles and another based on simulating survival data directly under a multiple-dose regimen. We consider both fixed intervals and varying intervals of the drug administration schedule. The method’s validity is assessed in simulation experiments. The results indicate that the proposed procedures perform well in generating data that conform to their cyclic nature and assumptions of the Cox proportional hazards model.
Perspectives on permaculture for commercial farming: aspirations and realities
Authors: Fiebrig Immo , Zikeli Sabine , Bach Sonja , Gruber Sabine 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe term ‘Permaculture’ (PC) refers to a theory about diversified farming systems, based on an ethical attitude (worldview) and a practical design process, guided by 12 principles and flanked by a holistic sustainability concept. Invented in the wake of Australia’s socio-political ‘back-to-the-land’ aspirations of the 1970s, PC has since developed and grown into a diverse international grassroot movement. It can be considered a rural as well as an urban socio-cultural phenomenon that revolves around non-commercial gardening, for example urban community projects, or around farming for self-sufficiency, for instance in eco-villages. This paper intends to investigate which aspects of PC may be scalable to commercial farming whilst identifying PC aspects already implemented in commercial (organic) agriculture (OA). It analyses a current business case led by a German wholesaler of organic produce who worked in cooperation with a German supermarket chain to create the first nationwide PC label. To this end, the paper describes the degree of overlap between two organic farming certification schemes and the case study. As opposed to certified OA, PC is less prescriptive, using a deductive and inductive approach instead. It may expand scope and flexibility required for farm redesign towards improved resilience, reaching out to the landscape level. The productiveness of PC in commercial settings needs to be established further, such as best practices in soil regeneration and monitoring as well as the reduction of soil losses, or the valuation of added ecosystem services such as promotion of (agro-)biodiversity.
Low-cost activated carbon production from organic waste and its utilization for wastewater treatment
Authors: Shukla Sudheer Kumar , Al Mushaiqri Noof Rashid Said , Al Subhi Hajar Mohammed , Yoo Keunje , Al Sadeq Hafez 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the present study, organic waste materials, like coconut shell, orange peels, and banana peels were used to produce activated carbon. Chemical activation was carried out using phosphoric acid (H3PO4). The activation temperatures were selected at the range of 200–300 °C. Surface morphology of the different activated carbon derived from the different waste materials was investigated using scanning electron microscope. Pollution removal efficiency of different activated carbons was carried out by Jar test. The jar test was carried out at 120 rpm, at 20 °C temperature for 1 h. Three different sizes; 75 μm, 150 μm and 425 μm, and three concentration; 100 mg/l, 200 mg/l and 500 mg/l of the activated carbon were selected for the pollution removal experiments. Water quality parameters like pH, TSS, and COD were analyzed using standard AWWA/APHA methods to know the pollution removal efficiency. COD removal varies from 48 to 99% in different activated carbon at different size and concentration. TSS removal varies from 43 to 100% by different activated carbon. The highest adsorption was observed by 75 µm activated carbon. Among all the experimented materials activated carbon made from orange peels performed better than others possibly due to the formation of more C–O and C=O functional groups due to the presence of more carbon and oxygen elements than others. This study opens a new way of wastewater treatment in Oman by using low-cost activated carbon made from locally available organic waste and at the same time, it shall help in managing organic waste.
Novel and recurrent variants of ATP2C1 identified in patients with Hailey-Hailey disease
Authors: Sawicka J. , Kutkowska-Kaźmierczak A. , Woźniak K. , Tysarowski A. , Osipowicz K. , Poznański J. , Rygiel A. M. , Braun-Walicka N. , Niepokój K. , Bal J. , Kowalewski C. , Wertheim-Tysarowska K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHailey-Hailey disease (HHD) is a rare, late-onset autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by blisters, vesicular lesions, crusted erosions, and erythematous scaly plaques predominantly in intertriginous regions. HHD is caused byATP2C1mutations. About 180 distinct mutations have been identified so far; however, data of only few cases from Central Europe are available. The aim was to analyze theATP2C1gene in a cohort of Polish HHD patients. A group of 18 patients was enrolled in the study based on specific clinical symptoms. Mutations were detected using Sanger or next generation sequencing. In silico analysis was performed by prediction algorisms and dynamic structural modeling. In two cases, mRNA analysis was performed to confirm aberrant splicing. We detected 13 different mutations, including 8 novel, 2 recurrent (p.Gly850Ter and c.325-3 T > G), and 6 sporadic (c.423-1G > T, c.899 + 1G > A, p.Leu539Pro, p.Thr808TyrfsTer16, p.Gln855Arg and a complex allele: c.[1610C > G;1741 + 3A > G]). In silico analysis shows that all novel missense variants are pathogenic or likely pathogenic. We confirmed pathogenic status for two novel variants c.325-3 T > G and c.[1610C > G;1741 + 3A > G] by mRNA analysis. Our results broaden the knowledge about genetic heterogeneity in Central European patients withATP2C1mutations and also give further evidence that careful and multifactorial evaluation of variant pathogenicity status is essential.
Evidence for different bottom-up mechanisms in wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) and bank vole (Myodes glareolus) population fluctuations in Southern Norway
Authors: Selås Vidar 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAnimals that feed on forest tree seeds, such asApodemusmice, increase in number after a mast year. At high latitudes, there is a similar delayed response byMyodesvoles to high seed crops of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), but here the mechanism is hypothesised to be increased forage quality, caused by a trade-off between reproduction and defence in the plants. BothApodemusmice andMyodesvoles eat berries, but only the latter feed on bilberry plants. Hence, onlyMyodesvoles are predicted to respond to bilberry peak years. A second prediction is that the effect should last longer than any possible direct impacts of bilberries, because the plants would not be able to rebuild their defence until the succeeding summer. During a 21-year snap-trapping study of small rodents in Southern Norway, the spring population of bank vole (Myodes glareolus) was positively related to a bilberry seed index of the previous year, indicating increased winter survival, whereas the wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) was not affected. Also the succeeding autumn population index of the bank vole was positively related to the bilberry index of the previous year, even when controlling for spring population levels. The wood mouse population responded to mast years of sessile oak (Quercus petraea), whereas seeds of Norway spruce (Picea abies) seemed to have some impact on both species. It is concluded that these rodents are mainly limited from below, but by different mechanisms for the granivorous and the herbivorous species.
A Multicenter Evaluation of Vancomycin-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized Patients with Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections
Authors: Jorgensen Sarah C. J. , Murray Kyle P. , Lagnf Abdalhamid M. , Melvin Sarah , Bhatia Sahil , Shamim Muhammad-Daniayl , Smith Jordan R. , Brade Karrine D. , Simon Samuel P. , Nagel Jerod , Williams Karen S. , Ortwine Jessica K. , Veve Michael P. , Truong James , Huang David B. , Davis Susan L. , Rybak Michael J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to determine the real-world incidence of and risk factors for vancomycin-associated acute kidney injury (V-AKI) in hospitalized adults with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI).MethodsRetrospective, observational, cohort study at ten U.S. medical centers between 2015 and 2019. Hospitalized patients treated with vancomycin (≥ 72 h) for ABSSSI and ≥ one baseline AKI risk factor were eligible. Patients with end-stage kidney disease, on renal replacement therapy or AKI at baseline, were excluded. The primary outcome was V-AKI by the vancomycin guidelines criteria.ResultsIn total, 415 patients were included. V-AKI occurred in 39 (9.4%) patients. Independent risk factors for V-AKI were: chronic alcohol abuse (aOR 4.710, 95% CI 1.929–11.499), no medical insurance (aOR 3.451, 95% CI 1.310–9.090), ICU residence (aOR 4.398, 95% CI 1.676–11.541), Gram-negative coverage (aOR 2.926, 95% CI 1.158–7.392) and vancomycin duration (aOR 1.143, 95% CI 1.037–1.260). Based on infection severity and comorbidities, 34.7% of patients were candidates for oral antibiotics at baseline and 39.3% had non-purulent cellulitis which could have been more appropriately treated with a beta-lactam. Patients with V-AKI had significantly longer hospital lengths of stay (9 vs. 6 days,p = 0.001), higher 30-day readmission rates (30.8 vs. 9.0%,p < 0.001) and increased all-cause 30-day mortality (5.1 vs. 0.3%,p = 0.024)ConclusionsV-AKI occurred in approximately one in ten ABSSSI patients and may be largely prevented by preferential use of oral antibiotics whenever possible, using beta-lactams for non-purulent cellulitis and limiting durations of vancomycin therapy.
Investigations on the occurrence of different wetting regimes in laser brazing of zinc-coated steel sheets
Authors: Mattulat Thorsten , Kügler Helge , Vollertsen Frank 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the automotive industry, the seam edge quality of laser brazed seams is a crucial factor for the required high optical quality standards of customer-visible connections of zinc-coated car body parts. The type of zinc coating is decisive for the resulting geometry of the seam edges, which are aspired to be straight. Especially brazing of hot-dip galvanised steel with conventional brazing setup is not resulting in seam edges which fulfil the required optical quality. In this study, the wetting of copper-based filler wire on electrogalvanised and hot-dip galvanised steel sheets is analysed to increase the understanding of the influence of the wetting fronts on the seam edge quality. For this, the wetting fronts are determined in high-speed camera images and the resulting seam edges are captured by microscopic pictures. The results show that two major wetting regimes occur on both types of zinc coatings but with a different occurrence probability: one with a steep wetting front and zinc evaporation in front of wetting (“steep-angle-wetting”) and one where liquid zinc connects with the wetting front and creates a flat wetting angle (“flat-angle-wetting”). It is found that the resulting seam edge quality is mainly depending on the present wetting regime. However, for flat-angle-wetting, in the regime with insufficient seam edge quality, a self-stabilising effect is identified, which is responsible for a missing process window for brazing of hot-dip galvanised steel with sufficient seam edge quality.
Herpes in Pregnancy
Authors: Guleria Kiran , Sethi Niharika 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHerpes simplex virus infection (predominantly HSV2) in pregnancy can be a cause of maternal morbidity. The more serious cause of concern is perinatal transmission of infection resulting in neonatal morbidity and mortality. Genital HSV infection can be primary, non-primary first episode or recurrent infection. Clinical and laboratory diagnosis in pregnant women is similar to non-pregnant women. Direct viral testing (PCR) from lesion's and type specific serology are required to classify type of infection. Vertical transmission occurs during labor and delivery. The risk is higher in primary and non-primary first episode near the time of delivery. Antiviral treatment with Acyclovir or Valacyclovir is recommended for acute episode to reduce lesion duration and viral shedding. Acyclovir as suppressive therapy from 36 weeks onwards reduces clinical recurrences and need for caesarean delivery. Caesarean section reduces but does not eliminate the risk of vertical transmission and is recommended for a woman has an acute infection episode at the time of labor or within 6 weeks before delivery. Clinical management of preterm premature rupture of membranes in a woman with HSV infection should be individualized. All neonates born to these mothers should be carefully handled and monitored for development of neonatal herpes.
Operational Challenges of the Bangkok Airport Rail Link
Authors: Weerawat Waressara , Samitiwantikul Lalitphan , Torpanya Ratthanan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe airport rail link (ARL) was launched in 2010 as a premium rail transit service between the inner city of Bangkok and the airport. In 2014, the express service was canceled due to its unpopularity and transformed into the commuter service. In 2017, the new extended service concept was introduced under the three airport links project. Under this new concept, both ARL and high-speed trains will run on the city line section between Don Mueang and Suvarnabhumi Airports. This paper focuses on the use of a microsimulation model to identify the challenge of mixed-service operations, with regular and express trains running on the city line section. The simulation model allows investigation of hypothetical situations and construction of feasible timetables. The model can identify sections where special attention is needed, such as speed reductions, extended dwell times, or delayed departures. During the peak hour, the results suggest that the regular ARL should run with a 10-min headway and the high-speed one line with a 20-min headway, as an alternative solution. This results in fewer train numbers and less additional running time. Simulations indicate that the high-speed train is not efficient, as it consumes 2–3 times higher energy, while offering little time saving compared with the ARL city train. In addition, the Suvarnabhumi Airport extension track layout needs to be carefully considered, since the Suvarnabhumi Station area is a bottleneck liable to disruption.