bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of the Notch1 pathway induces peripartum cardiomyopathy
Authors: Zhu Rong‐rong , Chen Qian , Liu Zhi‐bo , Ruan Han‐guang , Wu Qi‐cai , Zhou Xue‐liang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIncreased expression and activity of cardiac and circulating cathepsin D and soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFlt‐1) have been demonstrated to induce and promote peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) via promoting cleavage of 23‐kD prolactin (PRL) to 16‐kD PRL and neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), respectively. We hypothesized that activation of Hes1 is proposed to suppress cathepsin D via activating Stat3, leading to alleviated development of PPCM. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of Notch1/Hes1 pathway in PPCM. Pregnant mice between prenatal 3 days and postpartum 3 weeks were fed with LY‐411575 (a notch inhibitor, 10 mg/kg/d). Ventricular function and pathology were evaluated by echocardiography and histological analysis. Western blotting analysis was used to examine the expression at the protein level. The results found that inhibition of Notch1 significantly promoted postpartum ventricular dilatation, myocardial hypertrophy and myocardial interstitial fibrosis and suppressed myocardial angiogenesis. Western blotting analysis showed that inhibition of Notch1 markedly increased cathepsin D and sFlt‐1, reduced Hes1, phosphorylated Stat3 (p‐Stat3), VEGFA and PDGFB, and promoted cleavage of 23k‐D PRL to 16‐kD PRL. Collectively, inhibition of Notch1/Hes1 pathway induced and promoted PPCM via increasing the expressions of cathepsin D and sFlt‐1. Notch1/Hes1 was a promising target for prevention and therapeutic regimen of PPCM.
Life‐history, exploitation and extinction risk of the data‐poor Baraka's whipray (Maculabatis ambigua) in small‐scale tropical fisheries
Authors: Temple Andrew J. , Stead Selina M. , Jiddawi Narriman , Wambiji Nina , Dulvy Nicholas K. , Barrowclift Ellen , Berggren Per 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Baraka's whipray (Maculabatis ambigua) is a major constituent of small‐scale fisheries catch in the south‐western Indian Ocean. Despite this, little is known of its life‐history or exploitation status. We provide the first estimates of crucial life‐history parameters and the maximum intrinsic population growth rate rmax, using specimens collected from small‐scale fisheries landings in Kenya, Zanzibar and Madagascar (with northern Madagascar representing a range extension for this species). We assess the relative risk of overexploitation by combining rmax with estimates of total Z, fishing F, and natural M mortality, and an estimate of the exploitation ratio E. The data indicate that Baraka's whipray is a medium‐sized, fast‐growing, early maturing species, with a relatively long lifespan. This results in a high rmax relative to many other elasmobranchs, which when combined with estimates of F suggests that the species is not at imminent risk of extinction. Yet, estimates of exploitation ratio E indicate likely overfishing for the species, with full recruitment to the fishery being post‐maturation and exploitation occurring across a broad range of age and size classes. Thus, Baraka's whipray is unlikely to be biologically sustainable in the face of current fisheries pressures. This paper makes an important contribution to filling the gap in available data and is a step towards developing evidence‐based fisheries management for this species. Further, it demonstrates a simple and widely applicable framework for assessment of data‐poor elasmobranch exploitation status and extinction risk.
Landscape factors modulating patterns of salmonid distribution during summer in north Patagonian rivers
Authors: Lallement Mailén E. , Rechencq Magalí , Fernández María V. , Zattara Eduardo , Sosnovsky Alejandro , Vigliano Pablo , Garibotti Gilda , Alonso Marcelo F. , Lippolt Gustavo , Macchi Patricio J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUnderstanding how ecosystem processes influencing fish distribution operate across spatial scales is important to understand biological invasions. Salmonids, originally from the Northern Hemisphere, have been repeatedly introduced throughout the world, making them an ideal group to test hypotheses about factors driving invasions. We assessed the influence of environmental variables at the watershed scale on the abundance and structure of salmonid assemblages in the breeding streams of the Upper Limay river basin, Rio Negro, Argentina. We combined field captures with digital map data and geographic information systems to examine landscape‐level patterns of salmonid abundance in 35 representative sub‐basins of the environmental gradient. We employed a hierarchical cluster analysis and classification and regression tree models to relate the abundance of salmonids and types of species assemblages with environmental characteristics at watershed level. We found stream localization, precipitation regime, altitude and air temperature to be important predictors of the abundance and assemblage structure of salmonids. Total catches showed an increasing gradient of catch‐per‐unit‐effort from west to east and from north to south, with Oncorhynchus mykiss being the most abundant species. O. mykiss relative abundance was westward skewed, where smaller catchments with steeper and shaded valleys are drained by less productive streams with more irregular hydrological regimes, like those found in this species' North American native range. In contrast, the abundance of Salmo trutta abundance was eastward skewed, where larger, sunnier and more gently sloped catchments result in more productive streams with stable hydrological regimes, like those found in that species' European native range. Thus, differential salmonid abundance could result from the interplay between the evolutionary fingerprint left by each species' native environment (especially flow and temperature regimes) and the availability of those conditions in new environments to which they have been translocated. By furthering our understanding of how landscape conditioned invasion success, these findings can help guide the management of economically important introduced fish.
Outcome of interventional radiology for delayed postoperative hemorrhage in hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery
Authors: Sakai Nozomu , Yoshitomi Hideyuki , Furukawa Katsunori , Takayashiki Tsukasa , Kuboki Satoshi , Takano Shigetsugu , Suzuki Daisuke , Kagawa Shingo , Mishima Takashi , Nakadai Eri , Ohtsuka Masayuki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground and AimPostoperative hemorrhage is a rare but potentially lethal complication of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgeries. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcome of patients with delayed postoperative hemorrhage and compare the results according to the surgical procedure.MethodsOverall, 4220 patients underwent surgery for hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases. Delayed postoperative hemorrhage (observed more than 24 h postoperatively) occurred in 62 patients. Of these, 61 underwent interventional radiology to achieve hemostasis. Patients' clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. The chi‐squared or Fisher's exact test was used in data analysis.ResultsA total of 62 patients (1.5%) developed delayed postoperative hemorrhage; 61 (1.4%) of them underwent interventional radiology to achieve hemostasis. Median duration from surgery to interventional radiology was 19 days (range: 5–252 days). Sentinel bleeding was detected in 31 patients; Clinical success was achieved in 54 patients (88.5%) by interventional radiology. Overall mortality rate was 26.2%. Causes of 16 in‐hospital deaths were uncontrollable hemorrhage (n = 4) and worsening of general condition after hemostasis (n = 12). Mortality rates were 50.0% (11/22) and 12.8% (5/39) after hepatobiliary surgery and pancreatic resection, respectively. Mortality rate was significantly higher after hepatobiliary surgery than after pancreatic surgery (P = 0.002).ConclusionsInterventional radiology can be successfully performed to achieve hemostasis for delayed hemorrhage after hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgeries. Because successful interventional radiology does not necessarily lead to survival, particularly after hepatobiliary surgery, meticulous attention to prevent surgical complications and intensive treatments before and after interventional radiology are required to improve outcomes.
Blastodermal development, hatchability and chick quality of Marshall® broiler breeders of different flock ages during egg storage
Authors: Uyanga Victoria A. , Onagbesan Okanlawon M. , Abiona John A. , Egbeyale Lawrence T. , Oke Oyegunle E. , Akinjute Obafemi F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe blastoderm, which represents the fertilized germinal disc, undergoes cellular events of division, differentiation and organization to achieve embryonic development in chickens. In this study, blastodermal cell counts and hatching performance of Marshall® broiler breeders as influenced by flock age and egg storage were investigated. A total of 1,520 eggs from the flock ages, 43 weeks (younger) and 65 weeks (older), under similar management and nutritional regime were incubated after storage at 16°C with 75% relative humidity for duration of 0 (fresh eggs), 4, 7 and 10 days. Results show that total blastodermal cell counts (BCC) for both ages declined with increasing storage duration, with a sharp regression at 4d storage from younger breeders. Higher percentages of fertility and hatchability were recorded for younger breeders compared to older breeders. Percentage hatchability was statistically similar (p > .05) for both 43 weeks and 65 weeks old broiler breeders under 0, 4 and 7d storage except at 10d storage which was lower for older breeders. Chick lengths were longer with younger breeders whereas older breeders had heavier chick weights. Also, significant associations were found between BCC and fertility, hatchability of fertile eggs and chick weights, respectively, under different conditions. These results indicate that fresh eggs (0d) and short‐term stored eggs (4‐ and 7 d) from 43 weeks old breeders had higher total blastodermal cell counts, fertility, hatchability and increased chick lengths compared to 65 week old breeders which produced heavier chicks. Therefore, egg storage longer than 7 days especially from older breeders resulted in modifications to the blastoderm which subsequently affected fertility, hatchability, embryo liveability and hatched chick quality. Also, detection of BCC in fertile eggs can serve as a predictive tool in fertility and hatchability evaluations.
Raman study of shock features in plagioclase feldspar from the Mistastin Lake impact structure, Canada
Authors: Xie Tianqi , Osinski Gordon R. , Shieh Sean R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPlagioclase feldspar is one of the most abundant minerals on the surface of the Earth, the Moon, and Mars, and is also commonly found in meteorites. Studying shock effects in feldspar thus provides us with fundamental information about impact cratering processes on planetary bodies. In this study, plagioclase from monomict and polymict breccias, impact melt rocks, and shock‐metamorphosed target rocks, from throughout the Mistastin Lake impact structure, Canada, was examined using 514 nm laser Raman spectroscopy. As one of the very few impact structures with anorthosite in the target rocks, the Mistastin Lake impact structure provides a unique opportunity to study shocked plagioclase displaying progressive shock metamorphic features. A series of microscopic features was observed within plagioclase, including twins, needle‐like inclusions, planar features, and alteration. The lack of planar deformation features is notable. Raman spectra of these features suggest that this technique is capable of differentiating and classifying shock features in low to moderately shocked rocks. Caution should be exercised, however, as Raman spectra collected from unshocked plagioclase references with known compositions indicate that peak width and peak ratio of the Raman peaks in lower wave number region (<350 cm−1) and the main signature peaks around 500 cm−1 vary with chemical composition and crystal orientation. Data collected from diaplectic glass suggest that Raman features are efficient in distinguishing crystalline plagioclase and diaplectic glass. We also observed significant variations in the Raman intensities collected from diaplectic glass, which we ascribe to the localized disorder or inhomogeneity of shock pressure and temperature throughout the target.
Does missed nursing care influence the use of physical restraint and its duration in acute medical patients? Secondary analysis of a longitudinal study
Authors: Palese Alvisa , Danielis Matteo , Cicogna Chiara , Grassetti Luca 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMissed nursing care and physical restraint have been identified as indicators of patient safety, but no studies to date have explored their relation. To explore the relation between these two phenomena, a secondary analysis of a longitudinal study on 1464 in‐hospital patients and 314 registered nurses was performed. The use of physical restraint was assessed at the bedside on a daily basis; missed care was assessed with the MISSCARE survey. Individual, nursing care, and hospital‐level variables were measured. A total of 184 (12.6%) patients were restrained for 20.33% of their in‐hospital stay. No significant differences emerged in the occurrence of missed care between restrained and unrestrained patients. However, some common antecedents of these two phenomena emerged: in units where there is a lack of personnel, both an increase in missed care and physical restraint duration should be expected. As a consequence, patients are threatened in their right to receive the required care and they are at risk of being restrained. Moreover, a higher skill mix is a preventive factor, which suggests that the increased numbers of registered nurses on the team, may prevent routine forms of physical restraint use by analyzing the physical restraint in place critically and removing them as soon as possible, thus reducing the duration of the restraints.
Minimally Invasive Surgery Oblique Lumbar Interbody Debridement and Fusion for the Treatment of Lumbar Spondylodiscitis
Authors: Wang Bingjin , Chen Chao , Hua Wenbin , Ke Wencan , Lu Saideng , Zhang Yukun , Zeng Xianlin , Yang Cao 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of minimally invasive oblique lumbar interbody debridement and fusion for the treatment of conservatively ineffective lumbar spondylodiscitis.MethodsThis is a retrospective study. Between December 2016 and November 2017, a total of 14 consecutive patients (eight males and six females, with an average age of 49.1 years, range from 42 to 74 years) with single‐level lumbar spondylodiscitis were included in the study. The inclusion criteria include single‐level spondylodiscitis without spinal deformity or epidural abscess, ineffective conservative treatment (continuously aggravated clinical symptoms and uncontrollable infective symptoms treated with antibiotics for more than 6 weeks), minimally invasive oblique lumbar interbody fusion surgery (Mis‐OLIF) and iliac graft for the treatment of lumbar spondylodiscitis, and postoperative follow‐up >12 months. Each patient was treated Mis‐OLIF. Clinical outcomes including demographic characteristics, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C‐reactive protein (CRP), visual analog scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), American Spinal Injury Association neurological classification, and lordotic angle were analyzed.ResultsThe infectious levels included L1/2 (one patient), L2/3 (two patients), L3/4 (eight patients), and L4/5 (three patients). The pathogens found in these patients included Staphylococcus aureus (5), brucellosis (6), and enterobacterium (2). The pathogen was undefined in one patient. The mean duration of the surgery, mean blood loss, and mean follow‐up were 89.3 ± 17.5 min, 155.0 ± 49.4 mL, and 16.8 ± 4.2 months, respectively. The ESR and CRP decreased after Mis‐OLIF and antibiotic administration. The average preoperative VAS score was 6.9 ± 0.9, then decreased to 3.0 ± 1.0 (t = 14.18, P < 0.001) and 0.6 ± 0.7 (t = 20.68, P < 0.001) before discharge and at final follow‐up, respectively. The average preoperative ODI score was 58.4 ± 13.0, then decreased to 28.3 ± 6.1 (t = 18.6, P < 0.001) and 8.0 ± 4.6 (t = 22.7, P < 0.001) before discharge and at final follow‐up, respectively. None of the patients developed postoperative ileus, vascular injury, nerve injury, and ureteral injury. One patient suffered incision‐related complication that healed by debridement and dressing change. One patient developed subsidence of autologous iliac bone before discharge and achieved complete bony fusion after staying in bed and fixing it with a brace at 3 months follow‐up. All patients achieved bony fusion at final follow‐up.ConclusionMis‐OLIF without anterior or posterior instrumentation and iliac graft is an effective and viable approach for the treatment of conservatively ineffective lumbar spondylodiscitis without spinal deformity or epidural abscess.
Baseline and decline in device‐derived activity level predict risk of death and heart failure in patients with an ICD for primary prevention
Authors: Jamé Sina , Cascino Tom , Yeow Raymond , Ananwattanasuk Teetouch , Ghannam Michael , Coatney John , Shantha Ghanshyam , Chung Eugene H. , Saeed Mohammed , Cunnane Ryan , Crawford Thomas , Latchamsetty Rakesh , Ghanbari Hamid , Chugh Aman , Pelosi Frank , Bogun Frank , Oral Hakan , Jongnarangsin Krit 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundImplanted defibrillators are capable of recording activity data based on company‐specific proprietary algorithms. This study aimed to determine the prognostic significance of baseline and decline in device‐derived activity level across different device companies in the real world.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of patients (n = 280) who underwent a defibrillator implantation (Boston, Medtronic, St. Jude, and Biotronik) for primary prevention at the University of Michigan from 2014 to 2016. Graphical data obtained from device interrogations were retrospectively converted to numerical data. The activity level averaged over a month from a week postimplantation was used as baseline. Subsequent weekly average activity levels (SALs) were standardized to this baseline. SAL below 59.4% was used as a threshold to group patients. All‐cause mortality and death/heart failure were the primary end‐points of this study.ResultsFifty‐six patients died in this study. On average, they experienced a 50% decline in SAL prior to death. Patients (n = 129) who dropped their SAL below threshold were more likely to be older, male, diabetic, and have more symptomatic heart failure. They also had a significantly increased risk of heart failure/death (hazard ratio [HR] 3.6, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 2.3‐5.8, P < .0001) or death (HR 4.2, 95% CI 2.2‐7.7, P < .0001) compared to those who had sustained activity levels. Lower baseline activity level was also associated with significantly increased risk of heart failure/death and death.ConclusionSignificant decline in device‐derived activity level and low baseline activity level are associated with increased mortality and heart failure in patients with an ICD for primary prevention.
Dietary factors during pregnancy and atopic outcomes in childhood: A systematic review from the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Authors: Venter Carina , Agostoni Carlo , Arshad S. Hasan , Ben‐Abdallah Miriam , Du Toit George , Fleischer David M. , Greenhawt Matthew , Glueck Deborah H. , Groetch Marion , Lunjani Nonhlanhla , Maslin Kate , Maiorella Alexander , Meyer Rosan , Antonella Muraro , Netting Merryn J. , Ibeabughichi Nwaru Bright , Palmer Debra J. , Palumbo Micheala P. , Roberts Graham , Roduit Caroline , Smith Pete , Untersmayr Eva , Vanderlinden Lauren A. , O’Mahony Liam 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRationaleAllergic diseases are an increasing public health concern, and early life environment is critical to immune development. Maternal diet during pregnancy has been linked to offspring allergy risk. In turn, maternal diet is a potentially modifiable factor, which could be targeted as an allergy prevention strategy. In this systematic review, we focused on non‐allergen‐specific modifying factors of the maternal diet in pregnancy on allergy outcomes in their offspring.MethodsWe undertook a systematic review of studies investigating the association between maternal diet during pregnancy and allergic outcomes (asthma/wheeze, hay fever/allergic rhinitis/seasonal allergies, eczema/atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergies, and allergic sensitization) in offspring. Studies evaluating the effect of food allergen intake were excluded. We searched three bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science) through February 26, 2019. Evidence was critically appraised using modified versions of the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool for intervention trials and the National Institute for Clinical Excellence methodological checklist for cohort and case‐control studies and meta‐analysis performed from RCTs.ResultsWe identified 95 papers: 17 RCTs and 78 observational (case‐control, cross‐sectional, and cohort) studies. Observational studies varied in design and dietary intakes and often had contradictory findings. Based on our meta‐analysis, RCTs showed that vitamin D supplementation (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.56‐0.92) is associated with a reduced risk of wheeze/asthma. A positive trend for omega‐3 fatty acids was observed for asthma/wheeze, but this did not reach statistical significance (OR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.45‐1.08). Omega‐3 supplementation was also associated with a non‐significant decreased risk of allergic rhinitis (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.56‐1.04). Neither vitamin D nor omega‐3 fatty acids were associated with an altered risk of AD or food allergy.ConclusionsPrenatal supplementation with vitamin D may have beneficial effects for prevention of asthma. Additional nutritional factors seem to be required for modulating the risk of skin and gastrointestinal outcomes. We found no consistent evidence regarding other dietary factors, perhaps due to differences in study design and host features that were not considered. While confirmatory studies are required, there is also a need for performing RCTs beyond single nutrients/foods.