bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Heart–Liver Transplantation for Congenital Heart Disease in the United States: Rapidly Increasing With Acceptable Outcomes
Authors: Cotter Thomas G. , Wang Jennifer , Peeraphatdit Thoetchai , Sandıkçı Burhaneddin , Ayoub Fares , Kim Gene , Te Helen , Jeevanandam Valluvan , Sabato Diego , Charlton Michael 
Published: June 2020

Background and Aims
There are more adults than children living with congenital heart disease (CHD) in the United States, with a growing proportion requiring heart–liver transplantation (HLT). Our aim was to ascertain the frequency, outcomes, and prognostic factors in this patient population.

Approach and Results
United Network for Organ Sharing data on adult patients who underwent heart transplantation (HT) from 2009 through March 2020 were analyzed. The primary study outcome was patient survival. Cox proportional‐hazards modeling assessed for mortality associations. There were 1,084 HT recipients: 817 (75.4%) CHD HTs only, 74 (6.8%) CHD HLTs, 179 (16.5%) non‐CHD HLTs, and 14 (1.3%) heart–liver–kidney transplants. The number of CHD HLTs increased from a prior rate of 4/year to 21/year in 2019. Among patients with CHD, the 5‐year survival rates were 74.1% and 73.6% in HTs only and HLTs, respectively (P = 0.865). There was a higher rate of allograft failure attributable to rejection in CHD HTs only compared with CHD HLTs (3.2% versus 0.4%; P = 0.014). Only 25 out of 115 HT‐performing hospitals undertook CHD HLTs. Higher‐volume centers (averaging one CHD HLT per year) had a 5‐year patient survival rate of 83.0% compared with 61.3% in lower‐volume centers (P = 0.079). Among HLT recipients, total bilirubin (hazard ratio [HR], 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01‐1.12) and diabetes (HR = 2.97, 95% CI = 1.21‐7.31) were independently associated with increased mortality risk, whereas CHD and age were not.

Conclusions
The rate of HLT for adult CHD in the United States is rising dramatically. The survival outcomes between CHD HT only and CHD HLT groups are comparable; however, the HLT group had lower rates of acute rejection. Among HLT recipients, diabetes and elevated bilirubin are associated with increased posttransplant mortality risk. An average of one CHD HLT per year could be considered a minimum quality metric at transplant centers.
An adaptive model of health system organization and responses helped Vietnam to successfully halt the Covid‐19 pandemic: What lessons can be learned from a resource‐constrained country
Authors: Van Nguyen Huy , Van Hoang Minh , Dao An Thi Minh , Nguyen Hoa L. , Van Nguyen Tien , Nguyen Phuong The , Khuong Long Quynh , Le Phuong Mai , Gilmour Stuart 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCoping with the COVID‐19 pandemic has been painful and no single model for such a purpose is perfect. However, sharing experiences is the best way for countries to learn real‐time lessons and adapt to this rapidly changing pandemic. This commentary shares with the international community how an adaptive model of health system organization and responses helped Vietnam to break transmission of coronavirus. We find that an effective model is adaptive to time and context, and mobilizes and engages the wider society. We identify merging of different health system units into Center for Diseases Controls as a health system organization that saved massive resources. The early establishment of a formal committee responding to the pandemic helped unify every public health strategy. The mobilization of different stakeholders and communities added resources and facilitated a synchronous implementation of response strategies, even where those strategies involved significant personal or financial sacrifice. National training on Covid‐19 treatment for healthcare professionals across the entire hospital system was useful to expand the health service availability. Quickly published response guidelines helped to activate every level of the health system and involve every sector of society. A strategy of keeping high alert and preemptive action is also essential for coping with the pandemic.
Differential transformed approach of unsteady chemically reactive nanofluid flow over a bidirectional stretched surface in presence of magnetic field
Authors: Acharya Nilankush , Maity Suprakash , Kundu Prabir K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the consequences of steady and unsteady nanofluid flow over a bidirectional stretching sheet. Herein, the magnetic field is working in the normal direction. The Brownian motion together with thermophoresis is taken into consideration. Moreover, the chemical reaction within the nanoingredients also occupies a novel corner in this study. The leading equations of the considered model are transferred to nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by an appropriate similarity transformation. The differential transformation method is used to solve the set of ODEs. We have used MAPLE‐17 software to solve this with the desired accuracy rate. Results are portrayed with graphs and tables. The corresponding physical consignments such as the Nusselt number, skin friction, and the Sherwood number are exhibited. Excellent improvement in heat and mass transport is observed, which can be visualized through tables. Outcomes reveal that both the temperature and x‐direction velocity are reduced for the stretching parameter. Heat transport escalates for stretching factor, but higher outcomes are marked for the unsteady flow as compared with the steady flow. The mass transfer also increases for the chemical reaction factor, but the rate of increment is higher for the unsteady flow.
Ready when you are: Answering your questions about psychotherapy
Authors: Geller Jesse D. , Farber Barry A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPsychotherapeutic treatment tends to have a high attrition rate (“premature termination”) and there have been multiple efforts to help new patients, including those considering treatment, better understand the nature and expectations inherent to this process as a means to improve retention and outcome. These efforts are often grouped under the term “role induction.” This script, from a DVD produced in 2010, was written to help prepare new psychotherapy clients for this new role in their lives—specifically, to educate prospective patients about the unique and sometimes surprising features of psychotherapy and to empower them to ask questions of their therapist about the process. This script presents a conversation that takes place among three patients in the waiting room of a psychotherapy clinic who speak about common fears, misconceptions, and uncertainties surrounding psychotherapy.
Regenerative potential of Wharton's jelly‐derived mesenchymal stem cells: A new horizon of stem cell therapy
Authors: Abbaszadeh Hossein , Ghorbani Farzaneh , Derakhshani Mehdi , Movassaghpour Ali Akbar , Yousefi Mehdi , Talebi Mehdi , Shamsasenjan Karim 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUmbilical cord Wharton's jelly‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ‐MSCs) have recently gained considerable attention in the field of regenerative medicine. Their high proliferation rate, differentiation ability into various cell lineages, easy collection procedure, immuno‐privileged status, nontumorigenic properties along with minor ethical issues make them an ideal approach for tissue repair. Besides, the number of WJ‐MSCs in the umbilical cord samples is high as compared to other sources. Because of these properties, WJ‐MSCs have rapidly advanced into clinical trials for the treatment of a wide range of disorders. Therefore, this paper summarized the current preclinical and clinical studies performed to investigate the regenerative potential of WJ‐MSCs in neural, myocardial, skin, liver, kidney, cartilage, bone, muscle, and other tissue injuries.
Retracted: lncRNA PVT1 promotes the migration of gastric cancer by functioning as ceRNA of miR‐30a and regulating Snail
Authors: Wang Lina , Xiao Bin , Yu Ting , Gong Li , Wang Yu , Zhang Xiaokai , Zou Quanming , Zuo Qianfei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlthough the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer (GC) are slowly decreasing, the overall prognosis of GC patients with distal metastasis remains dismal. Long non‐coding RNA PVT1 has been verified to function as a tumor promoter in several types of cancer. However, the role of PVT1 in GC metastasis remains obscure. Herein, we found that PVT1 was highly expressed in GC tissues and high PVT1 level was associated with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis. Overexpression of PVT1 significantly elevated epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker (N‐cadherin, ZEB1, and ZEB2) levels and promoted GC cell EMT process and tumor metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, Snail was identified as a direct target of miR‐30a. PVT1 could bind with miR‐30a and increase the expression of Snail by acting as a competing endogenous RNA, whereas re‐expression of miR‐30a in GC cells rescued the EMT markers, decreased Snail level, and inhibited GC cell migration. Taken together, these findings provide a new light on PVT1 in the pathogenesis and development of GC and an important implication for future therapy of the GC.
Pri‐miR‐144 rs9279 is associated with type 2 diabetes and regulation of stress response
Authors: Yan Yu‐Xiang , Xiao Huan‐Bo , Zhang Jie , Wang Shuo , Dong Jing , Wu Li‐Juan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSingle‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of microRNAs (miRNAs) may alter miRNA expression, binding affinity, and/or messenger RNA expression levels of the target genes, thus leading to disease susceptibility. This study explored the association between SNPs in neuroendocrine stress response‐related miRNAs and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In the screening stage, the association between six candidate SNPs of miRNAs and T2D was analyzed in a case‐control study including 504 T2D cases and 494 healthy controls. Homozygous GG genotype of pri‐miR‐144 rs9279 showed significant association with increased risk of T2D compared with homozygous TT genotype (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–2.45; p = .023) and the combined TT/TG genotype (adjusted OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.08–2.36; p = .020). In the validation stage, the association was further validated in a second independent set of subjects. The GG genotype showed consistent directions and effect sizes that were identified in previous additive and recessive models. The expression levels of miRNAs were further compared between different genotypes in the 179 newly diagnosed cases and 183 frequency‐matched healthy controls. As a result, the GG genotype carriers had significantly upregulated expression of plasma miR‐144 and cortisol, as compared to individuals with TT and TG genotypes, respectively, in total subjects and subgroups (p < .05). Eventually, NR3C1 was proved to be a stress‐related target gene of miR‐144, indicating that pri‐miR‐144 rs9279 may contribute to the development of T2D by altering regulation of stress response.
Sources and subsurface transport of dissolved reactive phosphorus in a semiarid, no‐till catchment with complex topography
Authors: Ortega‐Pieck Aline , Norby Jessica , Brooks Erin S. , Strawn Daniel , Crump Alex R. , Huggins David R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe subsurface transport of dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) from artificially drained agricultural fields can impair water quality, especially in no‐till fields. The distribution of soil P in the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)‐dominated Palouse region in the inland U.S. Pacific Northwest varies greatly due to its steep and complex topography, and a legacy (∼130 yr) of excessive soil erosion and deposition processes. The primary goal of this research was to better understand the magnitude and temporal dynamics of DRP export from an artificial drain line and the variability of subsurface DRP leaching within a long‐term, no‐till field. Dissolved reactive P in drain line effluent was monitored across three water years. Large intact soil cores were extracted at contrasting field locations (toe and top slope positions) to measure DRP leachate concentration and relative P sorption. Drain line DRP concentration was predominantly >0.05 mg L−1 and often exceeded 0.1 mg L−1 during winter and early spring. Mean leachate DRP levels were significantly higher in toe slope cores than in top slope cores (0.11 and 0.02 mg L−1, respectively). Saturated hydraulic conductivity varied widely across cores and was not correlated with leachate DRP concentration. All soil cores exhibited high P sorption potential, even under conditions of preferential flow. These findings suggest that much of the DRP transport in these landscapes is derived from P hotspots located in toe slope positions. Application of soil P fertilizer amounts in variable rates that account for spatial variability in P transport may minimize P enrichment and subsequent leaching in these locations.
Evolutionary bedfellows: Reconstructing the ancestral state of autotomy and regeneration
Authors: Dunoyer Luc A. , Seifert Ashley W. , Van Cleve Jeremy 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSome form of regeneration occurs in all lifeforms and extends from single‐cell organisms to humans. The degree to which regenerative ability is distributed across different taxa, however, is harder to ascertain given the potential for phylogenetic constraint or inertia, and adaptive processes to shape this pattern. Here, we examine the phylogenetic history of regeneration in two groups where the trait has been well‐studied: arthropods and reptiles. Because autotomy is often present alongside regeneration in these groups, we performed ancestral state reconstructions for both traits to more precisely assess the timing of their origins and the degree to which these traits coevolve. Using an ancestral trait reconstruction, we find that autotomy and regeneration were present at the base of the arthropod and reptile trees. We also find that when autotomy is lost it does not re‐evolve easily. Lastly, we find that the distribution of regeneration is intimately connected to autotomy with the association being stronger in reptiles than in arthropods. Although these patterns suggest that decoupling autotomy and regeneration at a broad phylogenetic scale may be difficult, the available data provides useful insight into their entanglement. Ultimately, our reconstructions provide the important groundwork to explore how selection may have played a role during the loss of regeneration in specific lineages.
Long noncoding RNA ARSR is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Ting , Jin Xuezhu , Dong Jingrong , Deng Houbo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAs one of the leading cancer‐related mortalities worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) shows resistance to chemotherapy mainly because of drug resistance. Existing evidence has revealed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are related to tumorigenesis and chemoresistance scenarios. However, the mechanism by which lncRNA induces chemoresistance and the postoperative prognosis of CRC both remain unclear.MethodsThe expression of a lncRNA named lncARSR in CRC tissue was tested, and its association with clinical and pathological features was analyzed. Gain‐of‐function and loss‐of‐function assays were conducted to investigate the role of lncARSR in vivo and in vitro.ResultsFunctional analysis showed that overexpressing lncARSR increased oxaliplatin (OXA) resistance of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, lncARSR conferred chemoresistance to CRC cells. Silencing lncARSR decreased cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis after OXA treatment, whereas overexpression of lncARSR increased cell viability and reduced cell apoptosis after OXA treatment. In addition, lncARSR overexpression induced the tumor formation capacity of colorectal cancer cells.ConclusionsThe results obtained in the present study show that up‐regulation of lncARSR promoted OXA resistance in CRC. Our results also imply that lncARSR may be a candidate marker for CRC chemoresistance.
SARS‐CoV‐2 and HIV coinfection: clinical experience from Rhode Island, United States
Authors: Byrd Katrina M , Beckwith Curt G , Garland Joseph M , Johnson Jennie E , Aung Su , Cu‐Uvin Susan , Farmakiotis Dimitrios , Flanigan Timothy , Gillani Fizza S , Macias‐Gil Raul , Mileno Maria , Ramratnam Bharat , Rybak Natasha R , Sanchez Martha , Tashima Karen , Mylonakis Eleftherios , Kantor Rami 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has infected >6 million people worldwide since December 2019. Global reports of HIV/SARS‐CoV‐2 coinfection are limited. To better understand the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic on persons with HIV and improve their care, we present an outpatient and inpatient clinical experience of HIV/SARS‐CoV‐2 coinfection from Rhode Island, US.MethodsWe describe outpatient and inpatient preparedness for the COVID‐19 pandemic, and present a case series of all known patients with HIV/SARS‐CoV‐2 coinfection at The Miriam Hospital and Rhode Island Hospital, and The Miriam Hospital Infectious Diseases and Immunology Center, in Providence, Rhode Island, US.Results and discussionThe Infectious Diseases and Immunology Center rapidly prepared for outpatient and inpatient care of persons with HIV and SARS‐CoV‐2. Between 30 March and 20 May 2020, 27 patients with HIV were diagnosed with SARS‐CoV‐2. Twenty were male, six female and one transgender female; average age was 49 years; 13/27 were Hispanic and 6/27 were African American. All had HIV viral load <200 copies/mL and were on antiretroviral therapy with CD4 count range 87 to 1441 cells/µL. Twenty‐six of the 27 had common COVID‐19 symptoms for one to twenty‐eight days and most had other co‐morbidities and/or risk factors. Nine of the 27 were hospitalized for one to thirteen days; of those, three lived in a nursing home, six received remdesivir through a clinical trial or emergency use authorization and tolerated it well; eight recovered and one died. Overall, 17% of known Center people had HIV/SARS‐CoV‐2 coinfection, whereas the comparable state‐wide prevalence was 9%.ConclusionsWe highlight challenges of outpatient and inpatient HIV care in the setting of the COVID‐19 pandemic and present the largest detailed case series to date from the United States on HIV/SARS‐CoV‐2 coinfection, adding to limited global reports. The aggregated clinical findings suggest that the clinical presentation and outcomes of COVID‐19 appear consistent with those without HIV. Whether SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is more frequent among persons with HIV remains to be determined. More data are needed as we develop our understanding of how HIV and antiretroviral therapy are affected by or have an impact on this pandemic.
Clinical characteristics of primary and reactivated Epstein‐Barr virus infection in children
Authors: Yang Ying , Gao Feng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEpstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection occurs commonly in children and presents as a primary or reactivated infection, which are difficult for clinicians to distinguish. This study investigated the clinical characteristics of the two types of infections. Children with detectable plasma EBV‐DNA were retrospectively enrolled and divided into primary and reactivated infection group by EBV‐specific antibody. We analyzed the patients' characteristics, clinical manifestations, complications, inflammatory biomarkers, and viral load. A total of 9.3% of children with reactivation were immunocompromised over the long‐term. The primary infection mostly appeared as infectious mononucleosis (99.8%), while reactivation occurred as an infectious mononucleosis‐like disease (65.0%), hemophagocytic syndrome (22.6%), chronic active EBV infection (5.3%) and lymphoma (3.5%). The incidence of fevers, cervical lymphoditis, periorbital edema, pharyngotonsillitis, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly in primary infection were 93.3%, 93.0%, 51.5%, 66.0%, 76.2% and 63.9%, respectively; the incidence of those symptoms in reactivation was 84.0%, 46.9%, 15.4%, 18.5%, 18.5%, and 43.3%, respectively. The incidence of digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, hematological, genitourinary complications and multiple serous effusion in primary infection was 68.8%, 18.1%, 8.0%, 0.8%, 2.9%, 0.0% and 2.3%; whereas the incidence of these complications in reactivation was 56.2%, 22.5%, 14.1%, 8.0%, 38.9%, 0.3% and 19.0%. Patients with reactivation were more prone to multi‐systemic damage. B‐cells were lower, and CD8+ T‐cells were higher in primary infection. Viral load was correlated with the level of different cytokines in primary and reactivated infection. EBV primary infection often presents as infectious mononucleosis. The reactivated infection affects more immunocompromised subjects with diverse and complex manifestations. Various complications are more commonly associated with reactivation as a result of different inflammatory responses to different types of infection.
Development of a novel glycated protein‐based fibrosis prediction score for determination of significant liver fibrosis in HCV‐infected patients, a preliminary study
Authors: Abo El‐khair Salwa M. , El‐Alfy Hatem A. , Elsamanoudy Ayman Z. , Elhammady Dina , Abd‐elfattah Nahed , Eldeek Bassem , Farid Khaled 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe current study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of glycated albumin (GA), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and a number of routine biomarkers as noninvasive indicators of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). One hundred patients with CHC were subjected to full medical history and examination, in addition to ultrasound‐guided liver biopsy and histopathological examination for assessment of liver fibrosis stage. GA and HbA1c values, GA/HbA1c ratio, liver function tests, complete blood count, and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) were determined. A novel noninvasive index, dubbed Fibrosis Prediction Score (FPS), was selected for predicting significant liver fibrosis based on total bilirubin, glycated albumin, platelet count, age, and AFP. A validation study for FPS was applied on archival data which include 66 diabetics' patients. The FPS had area under the curve (AUC) of 0.92 for classification of patients with significant fibrosis with 81% sensitivity and 95% specificity. The AUCs of FPS in predicting advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis were 0.86 and 0.82, respectively. Comparison of AST‐to‐platelet ratio index (APRI) and FIB‐4 with FPS indicated increased sensitivity and specificity of FPS over APRI and FIB4 in both significant and advanced fibrosis. FPS has a good sensitivity and specificity for prediction of significant and advanced liver fibrosis in patients with CHC.