bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between VEGF isoforms and impending retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Movsas Tammy Z. , Muthusamy Arivalagan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveVascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is the main driver of angiogenesis during neurodevelopment (i.e., brain and retina). VEGF165 and VEGF121 are the two most prevalent human VEGF isoforms. Although retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a neuroretinal disorder, is associated with VEGF dysregulation, little is known about the interaction of VEGF isoforms on neuroretinal angiogenesis. We hypothesized that: (a) A specific VEGF165/VEGF121 correlation, at a given time point, is associated with normal retinal development (no ROP) and (b) An altered correlation, of such, is associated with aberrant retinal development (ROP). Utilizing pre‐collected dried blood spots (DBS) from <1‐week‐old preterm infants, we aimed to determine whether correlations between VEGF165 and VEGF121 precede the diagnosis of early stage, non‐proliferative ROP (NP‐ROP).MethodologyWe conducted a case/control study, utilizing DBS from 65 preterm infants. We measured DBS levels of VEGF165 on the Mesoscale Discovery Platform and VEGF121 via Cloud Clone Elisa Assay.ResultsIn infants with NP‐ROP, VEGF165 is significantly higher in males (than females). In infants without ROP, there is a significant correlation between VEGF165 and VEGF121 in females (but not males). In infants with NP‐ROP, the opposite is so; there is a significant correlation between VEGF165 and VEGF121 in males (but not females).ConclusionsThis pilot study, utilizing de‐identified data, suggests the potential importance of examining interactions between VEGF isoforms, at <1 week after birth, to better understand ROP development. Our study also suggests that retinal angiogenesis may not be a sex‐neutral process. A prospective study is needed to confirm our novel findings.
Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood of opium‐addicted mothers
Authors: Fanaei Hamed , Riki Farideh , Khayat Samira , Bornavard Morad 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundIt is reported that opium consumption during pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and neurodevelopmental defects in infants. BDNF and NGF alterations during pregnancy cause neurobehavioral deficits in the offspring. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of opium addiction of pregnant women on BDNF and NGF levels in maternal and umbilical cord blood as well as pregnancy outcome.Materials and methodsThe present research was a cross‐sectional study. Thirty‐five addicted pregnant women and 35 healthy pregnant women were included in the study. Blood samples were taken immediately after delivery from the maternal vein and umbilical cord. Then, BDNF and NGF concentrations in serum were measured by ELISA kits. The outcomes of pregnancy were determined by a checklist. Descriptive, t test, Mann–Whitney, and Chi‐squared test were used to analyze the data. SPSS version 21 software was used for the analyses. A p‐value <.05 was considered significant.ResultsBDNF levels were significantly lower in maternal and umbilical cord blood in the opium‐addicted group (917.2 31 ± 316.5 and 784.6 ± 242.9 pg/ml, respectively) compared to the control group (1351 ± 375 and 1063 ± 341 pg/ml, respectively) (p < .0001 and p < .0002, respectively). Similarly, NGF level was significantly lower in maternal and umbilical cord blood in the opium‐addicted group (302.7 ± 35.50 and 226.6 ± 45.43 pg/ml, respectively) compared to the control group (345.7 ± 43.16 and 251.2 ± 37.72 pg/ml, respectively) (p < .0001 and p = .0165, respectively).Adverse pregnancy outcomes such as NICU admissions, congenital anomalies, neonatal deaths, meconium contaminated amniotic fluid, respiratory problems, neonatal resuscitation, and low Apgar score were significantly higher in the opium‐addicted group than in the control group.ConclusionThe results of this study revealed that opium consumption during pregnancy reduces BDNF and NGF levels in maternal and umbilical cord blood, which may cause neurodevelopmental disorders in later periods of infants' life.
Ex vivo efficacy of BCMA‐bispecific antibody TNB‐383B in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Foureau David M. , Bhutani Manisha , Robinson Myra , Guo Fei , Pham Duy , Buelow Ben , Steuerwald Nury , Rigby Katherine , Tjaden Elise , Leonidas Marina , Paul Barry A. , Atrash Shebli , Ndiaye Ami , Symanowski James T. , Voorhees Peter M. , Usmani Saad Z. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTNB‐383B is a fully human BCMA‐targeting T‐cell engaging bispecific monoclonal antibody (T‐BsAb). We assessed ex vivo efficacy of this drug to mediate killing of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) freshly isolated from 10 patients with relapsed multiple myeloma (MM). BMMC were treated ex vivo with TNB‐383B at doses ranging from 0.001‐1 μg. Plasma cell (PC) lysis, viability, BCMA expression, CTL distribution, and degranulation were assessed by flow cytometry. Cytokine response to TNB‐383B was quantified by multiplex protein assay. Dose‐dependent PC lysis was triggered in all cases by TNB‐383B at doses as low as 0.001 μg (P = .0102). Primary MM cells varied in BCMA expression. High BCMA+ PC count correlated with increased PC lysis (P = .005) and significant CTL degranulation specific to TNB‐383B treatment (P = .0153 at 1 μg). High E:T ratio in bone marrow specimens led to lower viable and higher apoptotic PC compared with low E:T ratio (P < .001). Three cytokines were significantly modulated by TNB‐383B: IL‐2/TNFα increased by ∼4 ± 3.5‐fold average (P < .005 at 1 μg) and IP10 increased by ∼50 ± 15‐fold (P < .001 at 1 μg). We conclude that TNB‐383B triggers primary PC lysis and CTL degranulation in a dose‐dependent fashion ex vivo with no T cell expansion and mild increase of CRS‐associated cytokines.
Social sciences, modernization, and late colonialism: The Centro de Estudos da Guiné Portuguesa
Authors: Ágoas Frederico 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn Portugal, studies of transformations since the mid‐1950s in colonial social research have focused on the colonial school in Lisbon or other bodies directly under the supervision of the metropolitan administration. Nonmetropolitan initiatives have been neglected and the social‐scientific undertakings of the Centro de Estudos da Guiné Portuguesa (CEGP), in particular, have been only marginally dealt with. This article maps CEGP's creation in Bissau, in 1945, and its social‐scientific activity not only to establish its precedence but also to highlight local colonial enterprise and to specify its imprint upon developments in the metropole. It addresses CEGP's immediate context and main actors, institutional setting, research activities, publications, and other scientific outlets, to then put forward some concluding remarks regarding the epistemic reach of overseas governmental measures and the practical effects, in metropolitan colonial policies and scientific research, of peripheral imperial bureaucratic knowledge.
Ecomorphology reveals Euler spiral of mammalian whiskers
Authors: Dougill Gary , Starostin Eugene L. , Milne Alyx O. , van der Heijden Gert H. M. , Goss Victor G. A. , Grant Robyn A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWhiskers are present in many species of mammals. They are specialised vibrotactile sensors that sit within strongly innervated follicles. Whisker size and shape will affect the mechanical signals that reach the follicle, and hence the information that reaches the brain. However, whisker size and shape have not been quantified across mammals before. Using a novel method for describing whisker curvature, this study quantifies whisker size and shape across 19 mammalian species. We find that gross two‐dimensional whisker shape is relatively conserved across mammals. Indeed, whiskers are all curved, tapered rods that can be summarised by Euler spiral models of curvature and linear models of taper, which has implications for whisker growth and function. We also observe that aquatic and semi‐aquatic mammals have relatively thicker, stiffer, and more highly tapered whiskers than arboreal and terrestrial species. In addition, smaller mammals tend to have relatively long, slender, flexible whiskers compared to larger species. Therefore, we propose that whisker morphology varies between larger aquatic species, and smaller scansorial species. These two whisker morphotypes are likely to induce quite different mechanical signals in the follicle, which has implications for follicle anatomy as well as whisker function.
Insulin deficiency, but not resistance, exaggerates cognitive deficits in transgenic mice expressing human amyloid and tau proteins. Reversal by Exendin‐4 treatment
Authors: King Matthew R. , Anderson Nicholas J. , Deciu Mihaela , Guernsey Lucie S. , Cundiff Morgan , Hajizadeh Shohreh , Jolivalt Corinne G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEpidemiological studies have pointed at diabetes as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and this has been supported by several studies in animal models of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. However, side‐by‐side comparison of the two types of diabetes is limited. We investigated the role of insulin deficiency and insulin resistance in the development of memory impairments and the effect of Exendin‐4 (Ex4) treatment in a mouse model of AD. Three–4‐month‐old female wild type (WT) mice and mice overexpressing human tau and amyloid precursor protein (TAPP) were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) or fed a high‐fat diet (HFD). A second study was performed in TAPP‐STZ mice treated with Ex4, a long‐lasting analog of GLP‐1. Plasma and brain were collected at study termination for ELISA, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry analysis. Learning and memory deficits were impaired in TAPP transgenic mice compared with WT mice at the end of the study. Deficits were exaggerated by insulin deficiency in TAPP mice but 12 weeks of insulin resistance did not affect memory performances in either WT or TAPP mice. Levels of phosphorylated tau were increased in the brain of WT‐STZ and TAPP‐STZ mice but not in the brain of WT or TAPP mice on HFD. In the TAPP‐STZ mice, treatment with Ex4 initiated after established cognitive deficits ameliorated learning, but not memory, impairments. This was accompanied by the reduction of amyloid β and phosphorylated tau expression. Theses studies support the role of Ex4 in AD, independently from its actions on diabetes.
An evidence‐based system for the classification and clinical management of non‐proximal gingival recession defects
Authors: Chambrone Leandro , Avila‐Ortiz Gustavo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGingival recession defect (GRD) may be defined as an apical migration of the gingival margin respective to the cementoenamel junction resulting in partial exposure of the root surface to the oral cavity, which may have important esthetic, functional, and periodontal health implications. A novel system for the classification and management of non‐proximal GRDs is proposed in this article. This evidence‐based system consists of two essential components: (1) Establishment of the GRD type based on the midbuccal/midlingual attachment level respective to the interproximal bone level, and (2) Assessment of the gingival phenotype according to the width of attached gingiva and gingival thickness. Each category of this new classification system is linked with treatment recommendations substantiated by relevant literature pertaining to the outcomes of validated root coverage procedures in specific scenarios, which can be used as a guide for clinical decision‐making in daily practice.
The fate of the distal papilla around tooth‐bound implant‐supported restorations in maxillary central incisor sites
Authors: Gonzalez‐Martin Oscar , Avila‐Ortiz Gustavo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe distal papilla around tooth‐bound implant‐supported restorations in maxillary central incisor sites tends to exhibit an atrophied aspect after tissue maturation following the delivery of the final prosthesis. This article provides an explanation to this phenomenon, as well as a set of therapeutic considerations to minimize its occurrence and optimize the outcomes of tooth replacement therapy with dental implants in this specific anatomic location.
Accelerating the oxidation of pork fat by illumination and fat oil for the production of Baijiu beverage
Authors: Wei Daiyue , Deng Penghua , Tian Xiaofei , He Songgui , Li Weigang , Wu Zhenqiang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDAged pork fat, deeply oxidized pork fat soaked in basic liquor for more than half a year, is an important material in producing Chi‐aroma Baijiu (CAB). With the expansion of production scale of CAB, innovative strategies for efficient production of aged pork fat are in great demand. The purpose of this study is to accelerate the lipid oxidation of pork fat and improve the productivity of aged pork fat.RESULTSResults showed that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were the main reactant; generation reactions of lipid peroxides and free fatty acids (FFAs) were two limiting steps during the preparation of aged pork fat. Processing under illumination could alleviate the first limiting step by increasing the peroxide value and p‐anisidine value of pork fat to 16.22‐ and 28.48‐fold higher than control samples and simultaneously the PUFAs were increased to 190.60 ± 0.19 g kg−1. Soaking in basic liquor with deeply oxidized fat oil could alleviate the second limiting step by transferring FFAs from fat oil into pork fat. With more oxidized PUFAs, the acid value of the pork fat was 7.91‐fold higher than that of the control.CONCLUSIONIllumination and deeply oxidized fat oil could alleviate the two rate‐limiting steps of lipid oxidation and improve the productivity of aged pork fat significantly. The results are highly applicable in the CAB industry. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Preoperative tranexamic acid does not reduce transfusion rates in major oncologic surgery: Results of a randomized, double‐blind, and placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Wright Gerald Paul , Wolf Andrea M. , Waldherr Tracy L. , Ritz‐Holland Deborah , Laney Eric D. , Chapman Heidi A. , Lane Brian R. , Assifi M. Mura , Chung Mathew H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAllogeneic blood transfusions are associated with worse postoperative outcomes in oncologic surgery. The aim of this study was to introduce a preoperative intervention to reduce transfusion rates in this population.MethodsAdult patients undergoing major oncologic surgery in five categories with similar transfusion rates were recruited. Enrollees received a single preoperative intravenous dose of placebo or tranexamic acid (1000 mg). The primary outcome measure was perioperative transfusion rate. Secondary outcome measures included: estimated blood loss, thromboembolic events, morbidity, hospital length of stay, and readmission rate.ResultsSeventy‐six patients were enrolled, 39 in the tranexamic acid group and 37 in the placebo group, respectively. Demographics and surgery type were equivalent between groups. The transfusion rates were 8 out of 39 (20.5%) in the tranexamic acid group and 5 out of 37 (13.5%) in the placebo group, respectively (P = .418). Median estimated blood loss was 400 mL (interquartile range [IQR] = 150‐600) in the tranexamic acid group compared with 300 mL (IQR = 150‐800) in the placebo group (P = .983). There was one pulmonary embolism in each arm and no deep venous thrombosis (P > .999).ConclusionPreoperative administration of tranexamic acid at a 1000 mg intravenous dose does not decrease transfusion rates or estimated blood loss in patients undergoing major oncologic surgery.
Olfactory Fluctuation Revisited
Authors: Hsieh Julien W. , Daskalou Dimitrios , Detroux Valentine , Sipione Rebecca , Senn Pascal , Hugentobler Marianne , Landis Basile N. 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesMany patients complain about olfactory fluctuation (OF), which is a symptom commonly attributed to sinonasal disease. Data‐based evidence for its association with sinonasal disease is scarce. The aim of the study is to identify explanatory variables associated with OF and to analyze its predictive value regarding sinonasal disease.Study designWe performed a retrospective study based on patients with olfactory dysfunction.MethodsWe analyzed data from 482 patients attending the smell and taste outpatient clinic with full psychophysical workup and structured questions regarding their symptoms. The questionnaire included items on OF and chronic nasal symptoms. Clinical investigators filled out the second part of this questionnaire that included information about nasal endoscopy, psychophysical tests of orthonasal olfaction (Sniffin' Sticks), retronasal olfaction, and putative etiology of olfactory dysfunction.ResultsOF was more prevalent in sinonasal disease (42.4%) compared to other putative etiologies of olfactory dysfunction such as postinfectious (28%) or posttraumatic (11.7%) (X2 [5, n = 440] = 24.98; P < .0001). OF was strongly associated with Sniffin' Sticks score categories (anosmia, hyposmia, normosmia) (X2 [2, n = 424] = 39.21; P < .0001; Cramer's V = 0.30; P < .0001) and presence of “chronic nasal symptoms” (X2 [1, n = 437] = 22.71; P < .0001; Cramer's V = 0.23; P < .0001). The accuracy in predicting putative sinonasal disease etiology when OF was present depended strongly on the clinical context.ConclusionOlfactory fluctuation is a symptom mostly but not exclusively associated with sinonasal disease, elevated Sniffin' Sticks test scores, and is frequently accompanied by other nasal complaints. Its presence is valuable information for clinicians to be integrated into the clinical context when doing patients' workup.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130:2442–2447, 2020
The Effects of Menopause on Neuromuscular Parameters of the Rat Vocal Folds
Authors: Lenell Charles , Johnson Aaron M. 
Published: August 2020

Objectives/HypothesisMenopause adversely affecs power and endurance of the limb muscles. However, despite clinical observations that menopause corresponds to negative changes of the voice, the direct effects of estrogen deprivation on the thyroarytenoid muscles are unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of estrogen deprivation via ovariectomy on three neuromuscular parameters of the thyroarytenoid muscles using a rat model.Study DesignAnimal model.MethodsCryosections of vocal folds of 20 (10 control and 10 ovariectomized) female rats were stained to label neuromuscular junctions, fiber size, or parvalbumin levels using immunohistochemical techniques and compared between experimental groups.ResultsThe neuromuscular junctions, thyroarytenoid fiber sizes, and parvalbumin levels of the vocal folds were similar between experimental groups.ConclusionsThe loss of estrogen did not change neuromuscular parameters of the vocal folds of adult female rats; therefore, vocal changes within the outer vibratory layers of the vocal folds may primarily be responsible for clinically observed menopausal vocal changes.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 131:1343–1348, 2021
Exploring cultivated land evolution in mountainous areas of Southwest China, an empirical study of developments since the 1980s
Authors: Liang Xinyuan , Jin Xiaobin , Yang Xuhong , Xu Weiyi , Lin Jinhuang , Zhou Yinkang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCultivated land protection is related to food security and sustainable development. As an important reserve resource, the protection and development of cultivated land in mountainous areas need attention from governments and academia. This paper analyses the long‐term evolution process cultivated land in mountainous areas of Southwest China by using large‐scale remote sensing, topographic relief amplitude model, and a modified binary logistic regression model, to understand internal reasons for evolution differentiation at the macro level. The results show that untransformed cultivated land is mainly distributed below the topographic relief amplitude of 770 m. The transformation direction and spatial characteristics of transformed cultivated land gradually shift to low relief amplitude (<631 m) areas with time. Construction land accounts for 51.11% of the cultivated land transformation, usually distributed in flatlands or basins below the relief amplitude of 498 m, and hilly cultivated land around it displays a fluctuating recovery process. Topography is the most important factor affecting the evolution of cultivated land in mountainous areas. However, there are still differences in the driving mechanism of cultivated land evolution types, and some key policies in China in the past directly affected the evolution paths of cultivated land in mountainous areas. The research results can provide ideas for the utilization and protection of cultivated land in similar mountainous areas.
Elicitation kinetics of phenolics in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) sprouts by thermal treatments
Authors: Ampofo Josephine , Ngadi Michael , Ramaswamy Hosahalli S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPhenolics are plant secondary metabolites with numerous health benefits, produced via the phenylpropanoid pathway in plants in response to environmental conditions. In this study, the mathematical relationship between thermal elicitation (25°C, 30°C, 35°C, and 40°C) of phenolic compounds through the accumulation of oxidative stress markers (hydrogen peroxide [H2O2], malondialdehyde [MDA], catalase [CAT], and guaiacol peroxidase [GPX]) and activation of phenylpropanoid triggering enzymes (phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase [PAL] and tyrosine ammonia‐lyase [TAL]) was kinetically modeled at different sprouting stages of common bean. The rate of H2O2 and MDA formation showed an increasing trend with an increase in sprouting temperature. However, activation rates of CAT, GPX, PAL, and TAL were highest at 30°C, after which there were significant reductions. Also, activation rate of PAL was lower as compared with TAL, which was further established with its low activation energy Ea value of 150 kJ/mol compared with TAL (221 kJ/mol). Also, activation energy values for total phenolic acids (30.4 kJ/mol) and flavonoids (64.0 kJ/mol) showed that they required less energy for formation during sprouting, compared with anthocyanins (209 kJ/mol), with the activation energy results obtained from their estimated kinetic rate constants and production percentages. Thus, manipulation of sprouting temperature can increase the potential use of common beans as natural functional foods with improved health benefits.
A Bibliometric Review of the Special Issues of Psychology & Marketing: 1984‐2020
Authors: Khan Muhammad Asif , Ali Imtiaz , Ashraf Rohail 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPsychology & Marketing (P&M), an internationally reputed journal, publishes original, peer‐reviewed, empirical research on the application of psychological theories and techniques to marketing. The aim of this essay is to provide a bibliometric overview of the leading trends in the special issues of P&M over its history (1984–2020). Using bibliometric techniques, we analyze the impact of the special issues via their most cited papers, most productive authors, affiliated institutions and countries, as well as the best guest editors who contributed to the selection of the most cited special issue articles. Using network analysis VOSviewer software, we also group the special issues into four clusters to identify common themes. Further, we develop graphical visualization of coauthorships, bibliographic coupling, and cocitations. Results show that the most productive contributors are from American institutions and that P&M remains well connected to other leading journals in the marketing and psychology discipline, such as the Journal of Marketing Research, the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, the Journal of Consumer Research, the Journal of Marketing, and the Journal of Business Research.