bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
About the systematics of Palaearctic Eurytemora (Copepoda, Calanoida) based on morphological analysis, with focus on Eurytemora gracilicauda Akatova, 1949
Authors: Fefilova Elena , Sukhikh Natalia , Abramova Ekaterina , Velegzhaninov Ilya 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We studied the morphology of Eurytemora from inland waters at the shores of the White and Pechora seas and from the Lena River delta, and revealed a ubiquitous presence of Eurytemora gracilicauda Akatova, which results we confirmed with genetic data. We found this species for the first time in the Pechora Sea basin. In the White Sea basin, this species was previously described as E. brodskyi Kos, with the name that we suggest is a junior synonym of E. gracilicauda. E. gracilicauda differs from the co-living species: E. lacustris (Poppe), E. arctica Wilson M. S. & Tash, and E. raboti Richard, by the structure and armament of the caudal rami and the fifth legs (P5) of males and females. The caudal rami of both males and females were elongated. The female caudal rami showed a surface covered by spines. The male caudal rami were bare, or with rare spines on the sides. The appendages of the female P5 were also elongated: the length of the inner spine on the distal exopod segment was 2.27 ± 0.12 times as long as the outer spine; the exopod of the male right P5 had a specific trigonal ledge with a short spinule, and the coxopods (both or at least one) had groups of spinules. The morphometric parameters of the females were quite stable, while those of the male showed high variability within and between populations (CV = 11.5-43.5%). Similarities and differences of E. gracilicauda and three allochoric Eurytemora species were analysed, and the results presented herein.
Distribution of Eurytemora caspica Sukhikh & Alekseev, 2013 (Copepoda, Calanoida) in the water reservoirs of the Volga and Don river basins
Authors: Lazareva V. I. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The zooplankton composition of the Volga, Kama and Don rivers was studied in the summers of 2015-2018. The copepod Eurytemora caspica Sukhikh & Alekseev, 2013, recently isolated from the group of species contained in Eurytemora affinis, represents a widespread (50-100% of samples) and relatively abundant (maximum abundance up to 18 × 103 ind./m3) species. It is found in the Lower and Middle Volga from the city of Astrakhan to the mouth of the Kama River, in the Kama River to the upper reaches of the Kama reservoir, in the lower and middle sections of the Don River within the Tsimlyansk reservoir, as well as in the reservoirs of the Volga-Don shipping canal. In the Kama River, E. caspica was discovered by the author for the first time in 2016. In other habitats, it was previously identified as Eurytemora affinis (Poppe, 1880), although this particular species was not found in any of the analysed samples. The distribution features and habitat conditions of Eurytemora caspica in the rivers of the basins of the Caspian and Azov seas are discussed.
Abnormalities in shape and size of Eurytemora affinis (Copepoda, Calanoida) and its eggs under different environmental conditions
Authors: Souissi Anissa , Souissi Sami 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this study we examined the morphological anomalies of 2023 ovigerous females of the copepod Eurytemora affinis from laboratory and field samples. Field copepod collections were collected from 10 sites in Europe and North America. Laboratory cultured copepods were reared at 6 experimental conditions during several generations. The observation under the microscope of the ovigerous females’ bodies revealed the presence of a ‘Tumor Like Anomaly’ (TLA) on a few individuals, which were manifested on the urosome. The occurrence of TLA was only noticed on copepods from the field samples. This result shows that under controlled laboratory conditions, E. affinis do not manifest any abnormal morphology, even when temperature and salinity conditions are stressful, which also demonstrates the high plasticity of this copepod species and its capacity to live at a wide range of environmental parameters. In this study, we also confirmed that E. affinis is capable of producing eggs with a wide range of sizes, ranging from very small and abnormal eggs of 75.79 μm only, to very large eggs, reaching a maximal diameter of 128.71 μm. The observed large eggs are abnormal compared to the average size of the other eggs produced within the same clutch. Other abnormalities on eggs, such as deformed eggs or eggs infested by fungi, are only observed from field samples at a few sampling sites. In the Seine estuary, several abnormalities in eggs and adult females were observed during February 2010. The critical period for E. affinis’ development is sampling site-specific and needs to be accurately studied in the future to better explain the causes of the abnormalities described in this work, and their effects at population level.
Haasea Verhoeff, 1895—a genus of tumultuous history and chaotic records—redefinition, revision of taxonomy and geographic distributions, with descriptions of two new species from Austria and Serbia (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Haaseidae)
Authors: ANTIĆ DRAGAN , AKKARI NESRINE 
Published: June 2020

In this paper we revise the chordeumatidan genus Haasea Verhoeff, 1895 for the first time and describe two new species viz., H. gruberi sp. nov. and H. makarovi sp. nov. discovered in Austria and Serbia, respectively. A new terminology is proposed to standardize the description of the gonopod structures in the genus. Type material obtained from several institutions was examined and documented herein, whereby lectotypes are designated. We clarified the taxonomic status of a few taxa and consider the species H. norica (Verhoeff, 1913) and H. guidononveilleri Makarov, 2008 as a junior subjective synonyms of H. cyanopida (Attems, 1903) and H. vidinensis (Strasser, 1973a), respectively. The following subspecies or varieties, viz., Orobainosoma filicis ossiacum Verhoeff, 1939b, Orobainosoma flavescens vornatscheri Verhoeff, 1935, Orobainosoma hungaricum orientale Tabacaru, 1965, and Orobainosoma inflatum var. aspidiorum Verhoeff, 1929 are here regarded as junior subjective synonyms of their nominal taxa. The taxonomic relationships within the genus Haasea are discussed and an identification key to its 17 species is presented, based on number of body segments and gonopod structures. Maps showing species occurences based on historical and recent records are presented to understand their respective geographic ranges. H. flavescens is now deleted from the list of species in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia and Italy as these records were based on misidentified material. H. inflata is deleted from the fauna of Bosnia and Herzegovina, whereas H. hungarica is newly recorded from Austria, Serbia and Slovenia.
Predictors of Trauma High Resource Consumers in a Mature Trauma System
Authors: Morgan Madison E. , Bradburn Eric H. , Vernon Tawnya M. , Gross Brian , Jammula Shreya , Cook Alan D. , Covaci Andrea , Rogers Frederick B. 
Published: June 2020

Background Extended hospital length of stay (LOS) is widely associated with significant healthcare costs. Since LOS is a known surrogate for cost, we sought to evaluate outliers. We hypothesized that particular characteristics are likely predictive of trauma high resource consumers (THRC) and can be used to more effectively manage care of this population. Methods The Pennsylvania Trauma Outcome Study database was retrospectively queried from 2003-2017 for all adult (age ≥15) trauma patients admitted to accredited trauma centers in Pennsylvania. THRC were defined as patients with hospital LOS two standard deviations above the population mean or ≥22 days (p<0.05). Patient demographics, comorbid conditions and clinical variables were compared between THRC and non-THRC to identify potential predictor variables. A multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model controlling for age, gender, injury severity, admission Glasgow coma score, systolic blood pressure, and injury year assessed the adjusted impact of clinical factors in predicting THRC status. The National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) was retrospectively queried from 2014-2016 for all adult (age ≥15) trauma patients admitted to state-accredited trauma centers and likewise were assessed for factors associated with THRC. Results A total of 465,601 patients met inclusion criteria [THRC: 16,818 (3.6%); non-THRC 448,783 (96.4%)]. Compared to non-THRC counterparts, THRC patients were significantly more severely injured (median ISS: 9 vs. 22, p<0.001). In adjusted analysis, gunshot wound (GSW) to the abdomen, undergoing major surgery and reintubation along with injury to the spine, upper or lower extremities were significantly associated with THRC. From the NTDB, 2 323 945 patients met inclusion criteria. In adjusted analysis, GSW to the abdomen was significantly associated with THRC. Penetrating injury overall was associated with decreased risk of being a THRC in the NTDB dataset. Those who had either GSW to abdomen, surgery, or reintubation required significantly longer LOS (p<0.001). Conclusions Reintubation, major surgery, gunshot wound to abdomen, along with injury to the spine, upper or lower extremities are all strongly predictive of THRC. Understanding the profile of the THRC will allow clinicians and case management to proactively put processes in place to streamline care and potentially reduce costs and LOS.
Duration of Antibiotic Therapy for General Medicine and General Surgery Patients Throughout Transitions of Care: An Antibiotic Stewardship Opportunity for Noninfectious Disease Pharmacists
Authors: Brower Kristin I. , Hecke Ariel , Mangino Julie E. , Gerlach Anthony T. , Goff Debra A. 
Published: June 2020

Background Overuse of antibiotics from the inpatient to outpatient setting is an antibiotic stewardship initiative where noninfectious disease (ID) pharmacists can have a large impact. Our purpose was to evaluate antibiotic durations across transitions of care from the inpatient to outpatient setting. Methods This is a single-center, retrospective cohort analysis evaluating antibiotic durations from the inpatient and outpatient setting in adult patients admitted to general surgery and medicine services at an academic medical center between January 1, 2017 and September 20, 2017. The primary outcome was to assess total antibiotic duration for patients with uncomplicated and complicated urinary tract infections (UTI, cUTI), community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). Outpatient electronic discharge prescriptions were used to calculate intended antibiotic duration upon transitions of care. Excessive duration of therapy was defined as >3 days—UTI, >5 days—CAP, and >7 days—cUTI or HAP. Results One hundred and one patients met inclusion criteria. Overall, most of the patients (81%) had antibiotics longer than recommended with only 3% receiving less than the recommended duration. Median total duration of therapy compared with recommended duration specified in national guidelines was UTI: 10 days [ 7 – 10 ], cUTI: 12 days [7.5-12.5], CAP: 7 days [ 7 – 9 ], HAP: 10 days [ 8 – 12 ]. The median antibiotic duration was shorter in patients with no cultures or culture negative results compared with patients with positive cultures for all indications (UTI: 10.3 vs 10.8 days, cUTI: 9 vs 12 days, CAP: 8 vs 9.1 days, HAP: 10.5 vs 19.8 days). Overall, the recommended duration of antibiotics was completed while inpatient in 34.7%, but varied by infection. More patients with UTI or cUTI completed recommended duration of therapy while inpatient vs for CAP or HAP (53.8% vs 28%, P = .03). Eighty percent of those with UTI, 18.2% with cUTI, 25.6% with CAP, and 31.2% with HAP had already received the recommended duration of treatment, or more, on day of hospital discharge. Conclusions The median duration of antibiotic therapy for all indications evaluated was longer than recommended in national guidelines. Opportunities for stewardship by non-ID pharmacists to impact postdischarge antimicrobial use at transitions of care have been identified.
Investigation of wind shear coefficients and their effect on annual energy yields along the coastal sites of Pakistan
Authors: Sumair Muhammad , Aized Tauseef , Gardezi Syed Asad Raza , Rehman Syed Muhammad Sohail , ur Rehman Syed Ubaid 
Published: June 2020

Ten-year hourly recorded wind meteorological data at six sites along the coastline of Pakistan at two heights (10 and 50 m) were extrapolated to two higher heights (80 and 100 m). Monthly and seasonal analysis of variation in air density (ρ), wind speed, Weibull parameters ( K and C), wind power density, and wind energy density with height was investigated. Analysis shows that wind shear coefficient is highest in winter and lowest in summer. ρ, wind speed, wind power density, and wind energy density all increase with increasing hub height, with the most prominent increment in winter and the lowest in summer. With increasing height, K has been found to decrease slightly while C increases. Techno-economic feasibility analysis of annual energy production using 15 turbines was carried out which shows that capacity factor alone cannot render a turbine feasible but also economic assessment is mandatory to evaluate the feasibility of turbines. G1 and G2 turbines have been found the best options while B5 and V2 as the worst. Comparison among sites shows that Karachi is the most potential site with cost of energy of $0.017/kW h while Jiwani is the worst site with cost of energy of $0.039/kW h both at 100 m height.
The Girl Scout Movement in Schools for the Blind
Authors: Burlingham Grace S. 
Published: June 2020

Milton, the blind, who looked on Paradise! Beethoven, deaf, who heard vast harmonies! Byron, the lame, who climbed towards Alpine skies! Who pleads a handicap, remembering them? —V. A. Storey If we want civilization to march forward it will march not only on the feet of healthy children, but beside them, shoulder to shoulder, must go those others—those children we have called handicapped—the lame ones, the blind, … All these children are ready to be enlisted in this moving army, ready to make their contribution to human progress; to bring what they have of intelligence, of capacity, of spiritual beauty.—From “The Handicapped Child,” one of the reports of the White House Conference on Child Health and Protection.
Characteristics and Frequency of Children With Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Undergoing Elective Polysomnography
Authors: Bains Ashank , Abraham Elizabeth , Hsieh Adam , Rubin Batsheva R. , Levi Jessica R. , Cohen Michael B. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and demographics features of pediatric patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who would not undergo preoperative polysomnography (PSG) under current American Academy of Otolaryngology (AAO) guidelines.Study DesignIn this retrospective cohort study, we identified patients from the electronic medical record who underwent elective polysomnography for evaluation of sleep‐disordered breathing between 2012 and 2018.SettingUrban tertiary safety net hospital.Subjects and MethodsA total of 456 patients with a mean (SD) age of 5.7 (3.2) years (263 male, 193 female). Demographic factors (age, sex, race, language, insurance status) and clinical findings (symptom severity, tonsil size) were recorded. The data were analyzed by univariate analysis.ResultsOf 456 patients identified, 66 (14.5%) were found to have severe OSA. African American patients had 3.7 times the odds of severe OSA compared to white patients (95% CI, 1.2‐10.8). Patients aged 2 to 3 years had 2.2 times the odds of severe OSA compared to patients aged 4 to 6 years (95% CI, 1.2‐4.0). Sex, ethnicity, language, and insurance type were not significantly associated with severity of OSA. The presence of apneic episodes and tonsil size were not found to be statistically significant.ConclusionUp to 14.5% of healthy pediatric patients with sleep‐disordered breathing may have severe OSA; young age and African American race are statistically significant predictors. Clinical findings, such as tonsil size and symptom severity, were not found to be statistically significant predictors.
Effects of a high-intensity psychosocial intervention among child–parent units in pediatric oncology
Authors: Zucchetti Giulia , Ambrogio Giorgia , Bertolotti Marina , Besenzon Luigi , Borghino Fabio , Candela Filippo , Galletto Chiara , Fagioli Franca 
Published: June 2020

Aim: To compare the efficacy of a high-intensity psychosocial intervention with standardized usual care in countering psychosocial complexity among child–parent units in a pediatric oncology setting. Methods: Two hundred pediatric oncology patients and their parents were recruited from Italian hospitals. A total of 81 child–parent units were assigned to the high-intensity psychosocial intervention and 119 child–parent units to standardized usual care. Psychosocial factors were assessed before and 1 year after intervention to measure efficacy. Results: More improvements over time were observed in the high-intensity intervention group of child–parent units compared to the standard intervention group. Conclusion: An intensive, structured, and tailored high-intensity intervention positively affects the psychosocial factors of child–parent units. Patients and families should have access to intensive psychosocial support throughout the cancer trajectory.
Zoledronic Acid Substantially Improves Bone Microarchitecture and Biomechanical Properties After Rotator Cuff Repair in a Rodent Chronic Defect Model
Authors: Schanda Jakob E. , Keibl Claudia , Heimel Patrick , Monforte Xavier , Tangl Stefan , Feichtinger Xaver , Teuschl Andreas H. , Baierl Andreas , Muschitz Christian , Redl Heinz , Fialka Christian , Mittermayr Rainer 
Published: June 2020

Background: Bone mineral density at the humeral head is reduced in patients with chronic rotator cuff tears. Bone loss in the humeral head is associated with repair failure after rotator cuff reconstruction. Bisphosphonates (eg, zoledronic acid) increase bone mineral density. Hypothesis: Zoledronic acid improves bone mineral density of the humeral head and biomechanical properties of the enthesis after reconstruction of chronic rotator cuff tears in rats. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent unilateral (left) supraspinatus tenotomy with delayed transosseous rotator cuff reconstruction after 3 weeks. All rats were sacrificed 8 weeks after rotator cuff repair. Animals were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups. At 1 day after rotator cuff reconstruction, the intervention group was treated with a single subcutaneous dose of zoledronic acid at 100 µg/kg bodyweight, and the control group received 1 mL of subcutaneous saline solution. In 12 animals of each group, micro–computed tomography scans of both shoulders were performed as well as biomechanical testing of the supraspinatus enthesis of both sides. In 4 animals of each group, histological analyses were conducted. Results: In the intervention group, bone volume fraction (bone volume/total volume [BV/TV]) of the operated side was higher at the lateral humeral head ( P = .005) and the medial humeral head ( P = .010) compared with the control group. Trabecular number on the operated side was higher at the lateral humeral head ( P = .004) and the medial humeral head ( P = .001) in the intervention group. Maximum load to failure rates on the operated side were higher in the intervention group ( P < .001). Cortical thickness positively correlated with higher maximum load to failure rates in the intervention group ( r = 0.69; P = .026). Histological assessment revealed increased bone formation in the intervention group. Conclusion: Single-dose therapy of zoledronic acid provided an improvement of bone microarchitecture at the humeral head as well as an increase of maximum load to failure rates after transosseous reconstruction of chronic rotator cuff lesions in rats. Clinical Relevance: Zoledronic acid improves bone microarchitecture as well as biomechanical properties after reconstruction of chronic rotator cuff tears in rodents. These results need to be verified in clinical investigations.
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus: factors related to cutaneous activity and damage in a cohort of 260 patients from A Coruña, Spain
Authors: Arévalo-Bermúdez María del Pilar , Paradela Sabela , Balboa-Barreiro Vanesa , Fonseca Eduardo 
Published: June 2020

Background Cutaneous lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease that can leave important sequelae. Objective To determine the factors that predict the activity and damage of the skin disease, and the impact of tobacco on the efficacy of antimalarials using the Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index. Materials and Methods A consecutive case series was performed on 260 patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (α = 0.05; precision ± 6.5%). We carried out a descriptive analysis of the variables included, with a multivariate analysis to measure the association of variables with the Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index activity and damage ( p value < 0.05). Results The Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index activity was greater in smokers than non-smokers (4.0 ±5.3 vs 1.2 ±3.4, p = 0.006). No significant differences were observed in the Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index activity when the efficacy of antimalarials was analyzed between smokers and non-smokers. Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index damage was higher in smokers than in non-smokers (2.0 ± 3.6 vs 1.2 ± 2.6, p = 0.029). Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index activity was associated with: (a) being an active smoker (odds ratio 3.04, 95% confidence interval 1.68–5.51, p < 0.001; regression coefficient 2.05, 95% confidence interval 0.69–3.42, p = 0.003); (b) the chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus subtype (odds ratio 1.98, 95% confidence interval 1.02–3.84, p = 0.044); and (c) C-reactive protein increase (≥0.5 mg/dL) (regression coefficient 2.56, 95% confidence interval 0.40–4.71, p = 0.020). Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index damage was associated with: (a) the activity (regression coefficient 0.11, 95% confidence interval 0.01–0.20, p = 0.024); (b) the chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus subtype (regression coefficient 2.46, 95% confidence interval 1.37–3.56, p < 0.001); (c) the use of topical treatment (regression coefficient 1.31, 95% confidence interval 0.01–2.61, p = 0.049); and (d) systemic treatment (regression coefficient 1.44, 95% confidence interval 0.35–2.53, p < 0.010). Conclusion Smoking is related to an increase risk and a greater activity of cutaneous lupus erythematosus. The chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus subtype and an increased C-reactive protein level were also associated with a higher disease activity. The sequelae were related to the activity, the chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus subtype, and the use of topical and systemic treatment. The impact of tobacco on the efficacy of antimalarials may be caused by an increase in the severity of the disease more than by resistance in smokers.