bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Driving environment assessment and decision making for cooperative lane change system of autonomous vehicles
Authors: Yang Jin Ho , Choi Woo Young , Chung Chung Choo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a lane change decision scheme using only commercial, automotive radar sensors with “DRiving Environment Assessment and decision Making (DREAM) index.” First, the index associated with a risk situation is assessed by the concept of a dynamic occupancy grid zone. The predefined distance of the local area was set to conform to the international standard of a steering function. Also, the risk assessment was predictively conducted using modeling of the relative motion with a target vehicle. Second, the index associated with a cooperative driving concept of the surrounding vehicles is proposed. To estimate the relative acceleration which is not directly measured by radar, we designed a discrete‐time state estimator. We executed scenario‐based experiments with test vehicles in a high‐speed circuit to validate the decision scheme. Through the experiments, we observed that the DREAM index could make effective decisions, and the lane change maneuverings were performed successfully in real‐world tests.
A new mixed‐effects regression model for the analysis of zero‐modified hierarchical count data
Authors: Bertoli Wesley , Conceição Katiane S. , Andrade Marinho G. , Louzada Francisco 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCount data sets are traditionally analyzed using the ordinary Poisson distribution. However, such a model has its applicability limited as it can be somewhat restrictive to handle specific data structures. In this case, it arises the need for obtaining alternative models that accommodate, for example, (a) zero‐modification (inflation or deflation at the frequency of zeros), (b) overdispersion, and (c) individual heterogeneity arising from clustering or repeated (correlated) measurements made on the same subject. Cases (a)–(b) and (b)–(c) are often treated together in the statistical literature with several practical applications, but models supporting all at once are less common. Hence, this paper's primary goal was to jointly address these issues by deriving a mixed‐effects regression model based on the hurdle version of the Poisson–Lindley distribution. In this framework, the zero‐modification is incorporated by assuming that a binary probability model determines which outcomes are zero‐valued, and a zero‐truncated process is responsible for generating positive observations. Approximateposteriorinferences for the model parameters were obtained from a fully Bayesian approach based on the Adaptive Metropolis algorithm. Intensive Monte Carlo simulation studies were performed to assess the empirical properties of the Bayesian estimators. The proposed model was considered for the analysis of a real data set, and its competitiveness regarding some well‐established mixed‐effects models for count data was evaluated. A sensitivity analysis to detect observations that may impact parameter estimates was performed based on standard divergence measures. The Bayesian‐value and the randomized quantile residuals were considered for model diagnostics.
Number line estimation and standardized test performance: The left digit effect does not predict SAT math score
Authors: Williams Katherine , Paul Joanna , Zax Alexandra , Barth Hilary , Patalano Andrea L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionRecent work reveals a new source of error in number line estimation (NLE), the left digit effect (Lai, Zax, et al., 2018), whereby numerals with different leftmost digits but similar magnitudes (e.g., 399, 401) are placed farther apart on a number line (e.g., 0 to 1,000) than is warranted. The goals of the present study were to: (1) replicate the left digit effect, and (2) assess whether it is related to mathematical achievement.MethodParticipants were all individuals (adult college students) who completed the NLE task in the laboratory between 2014 and 2019 for whom SAT scores were available (n = 227).ResultsWe replicated the left digit effect but found its size was not correlated with SAT math score, although it was negatively correlated with SAT verbal score for one NLE task version.ConclusionsThese findings provide further evidence that individual digits strongly influence estimation performance and suggest that this effect may have different cognitive contributors, and predict different complex skills, than overall NLE accuracy.
Fostering STEAM through challenge‐based learning, robotics, and physical devices: A systematic mapping literature review
Authors: Conde Miguel Á. , Rodríguez‐Sedano Francisco J. , Fernández‐Llamas Camino , Gonçalves José , Lima José , García‐Peñalvo Francisco J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNowadays, companies are demanding better‐prepared professionals to succeed in a digital society, and the acquisition of Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM)‐related competencies is a key issue. One of the main problems in this sense is how to integrate STEAM into the current educational curricula. This is not something related to a subject or educational trend but rather to new methodological approaches that can engage students. In this sense, such active methodologies that apply mechatronics and robotics could be an interesting path to pursue. Given this context, the first necessary task in evaluating the potential of this approach is to understand the landscape of the application of robotics and mechatronics in STEAM Education and how active methodologies are applied in this sense. To carry out this analysis in a systematic and replicable manner, it is necessary to follow a methodology. In this case, the researchers employ a systematic mapping review. This paper presents this process and its main findings. Fifty‐four studies have been selected out of 242 total studies analyzed. From these, beyond obtaining a clear vision of the STEAM landscape regarding project topics, we can also conclude that robotics and physical devices have been applied successfully with collaborative methodologies in STEAM Education. Regarding conclusions, this paper shows that robotics and mechatronics applied with active methodologies is to be a good means to engage students in STEAM disciplines and thus aid the acquisition of what is commonly known as “21st‐century skills.”
Diagnostic challenges in an aggressive case of peripheralizing marginal zone lymphoma
Authors: Shah Sujal I. , D’Angelo Christopher R. , Kratz Jeremy D. , Yang David T. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractB‐cell lymphomas with atypical presentation or immunophenotype pose diagnostic challenges. Conventional ancillary tests (cytogenetics, FISH) can help, but have technical limitations. New technologies such as mate‐pair sequencing (MPSeq) offer a route around these technical limitations.
Bis(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) Ferrocenyl β‐Diketonate Complexes: Exhibiting Nanomolar Potency against Human Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Allison Matthew , Caramés‐Méndez Pablo , Pask Christopher M. , Phillips Roger M. , Lord Rianne M. , McGowan Patrick C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of new bis(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) ferrocenyl β‐diketonate complexes, [(bpy)2Ru(Fc‐acac)][PF6] (bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine; Fc‐acac=functionalized ferrocenyl β‐diketonate ligand) are reported. Alongside clinical platinum drugs, these bimetallic ruthenium‐iron complexes have been screened for their cytotoxicity against MIA PaCa‐2 (human pancreatic carcinoma), HCT116p53+/+(human colon carcinoma,p53‐wild type) and ARPE‐19 (human retinal pigment epithelial) cell lines. With the exception of one complex, the library exhibit nanomolar potency against cancerous cell lines, and their relative potencies are up to 40x, 400x and 72x more cytotoxic than cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin, respectively. Under hypoxic conditions, the complexes remain cytotoxic (sub‐micromolar range), highlighting their potential in targeting hypoxic tumor regions. The Comet assay was used to determine their ability to damage DNA, and results show dose dependent damage which correlates well with the cytotoxicity results. Their potential to treat bacterial and fungal strains has been determined, and highlight complexes have selective growth inhibition of up to 87–100 % againstStaphylococcus aureusandCandida albicans.
Rh‐Catalyzed Formal [3+2] Cyclization for the Synthesis of 5‐Aryl‐2‐(quinolin‐2‐yl)oxazoles and Its Applications in Metal Ions Probes
Authors: Zhou Tongtong , He Xinwei , Zuo Youpeng , Wu Yuhao , Hu Wangcheng , Zhang Shiwen , Duan Jiahui , Shang Yongjia 
Published: October 2020

Main observation and conclusionA facile and efficient strategy for the synthesis of 5‐aryl‐2‐(quinolin‐2‐yl)oxazoles via rhodium‐catalyzed formal [3+2] cyclization of 4‐aryl‐1‐tosyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazoles with quinoline‐2‐carbaldehydes has been described. The protocol employs mild conditions and offers good yields of diverse 2,5‐aryloxazole derivatives with a broad reaction scope. It is amenable to gram‐scale synthesis and easily transformation. Moreover, this 5‐aryl‐2‐(quinolin‐2‐yl)oxazole skeleton is indeed a new fluorophore and its applications in metal ions probes are also investigated and showed fluorescent responses to mercury ion.
Fe‐Catalyzed Pictet‐Spengler‐Type Cyclization via Selective Four‐Electron Reductive Functionalization of CO2
Authors: Li Wen‐Duo , Chen Jie , Zhu Dao‐Yong , Xia Ji‐Bao 
Published: October 2020

Main observation and conclusionHerein, we describe a novel catalytic Pictet‐Spengler‐type cyclization using CO2 as a nontoxic and sustainable C1 feedstock with environmentally benign and non‐precious‐metal iron as catalyst. The reaction is achieved by selective four‐electron reduction of CO2 into methylene level intermediate through carefully tuning the reaction parameters. A variety of tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines and other nitrogen‐containing heterocycles can be easily obtained under mild conditions. Mechanistic studies have shown that tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines are probably obtained via spiroindolenine intermediates.
Prognostic factors for survival in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Poonyam Piyakorn , Aumpan Natsuda , Vilaichone Ratha‐Korn 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundGastric cancer ranks as a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Information of prognostic factors related to gastric cancer are limited.AimThis study aimed to gather clinical data and prevalence of prognostic factors related to gastric adenocarcinoma in Thailand.Methods and resultsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted at Thammasat University Hospital, Thailand between January 2010 and July 2018. Gastric adenocarcinoma patients were enrolled and followed up for at least 5 years. Total of 210 gastric tumor patients were enrolled. One hundred patients were diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinomas (57 men and 43 women, mean age = 61.1 years). The leading presenting symptoms were weight loss (65%), followed by dyspepsia (54%) and UGI bleeding. Common clinical manifestations were thrombocytosis (26%), followed by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH; 15%). Eosinophilia was present in early cancer (25.0% vs 6.5%, P = .123), while SIADH and thrombocytosis were more common in advanced stages (16.3% vs 0%, P = .602, and 28.3% vs 0%, P = .108, respectively). SIADH was significantly related to reduced 1‐year survival rate compared to normal serum sodium levels (21.4% vs 71.4%, OR 0.109, 95% CI 0.024‐0.497, P = .004). Five‐year survival rates were worse in patients with SIADH, but better in patients with eosinophilia compared to patients without these conditions (0% vs 27.8%, P = .058 and 20.0% vs 7.8%, P = .375, respectively).ConclusionThrombocytosis and SIADH were common in gastric cancer. SIADH was significantly correlated with poor 1‐year survival. These clinical manifestations might be useful for predicting gastric cancer prognosis.
Tripe palms and Malignant Acanthosis Nigricans: More than a diagnostic pointer
Authors: Kumar Parmod , Mukundan Megha K , Sehrawat Amit , Sundriyal Deepak 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundTripe palms (TP) is one of the rare cutaneous paraneoplastic manifestations of various intra‐abdominal malignancies. TP and malignant acanthosis nigricans (MAN) occur together and may precede even years before the index cancer. Though rare, the clinical significance of TP and MAN holds significance as an indicator of internal malignancy.CaseHere, we describe 71‐year, postmenopausal female with ovarian cancer who presented to us with a history of dyspepsia, abdominal distension, and weight loss. On detailed history and evaluation, it was found that she had TP and MAN 4 years before diagnosis.ConclusionThe unique presentation preceding the primary illness necessitates extensive early work‐up to look for malignancy and the initial consideration for surgery due to the tumor biology in such patients.
Tertiary Amine‐Ethylene Glycol Based Tandem CO2 Capture and Hydrogenation to Methanol: Direct Utilization of Post‐Combustion CO2
Authors: Sen Raktim , Koch Christopher J. , Goeppert Alain , Prakash G. K. Surya 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCarbon dioxide capture using tertiary amines in ethylene glycol solvent was performed under ambient conditions. Subsequently, the CO2 captured as alkyl carbonate salts was successfully hydrogenated to methanol, in the presence of H2 gas and Ru‐Macho‐BH catalyst. A comprehensive series of tertiary amines were selected for the integrated capture and conversion process. While most of these amines were effective for CO2 capture, tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) and tetramethylbutanediamine (TMBDA) provided the best CH3OH yields. Deactivation of the base due to side reactions was significantly minimized and substantial base regeneration was observed. The proposed system was also highly efficient for CO2 capture from a gas mixture containing 10 % CO2, as found in flue gases, followed by tandem conversion to CH3OH. We postulate that such high boiling tertiary amine‐glycol systems as dual capture and hydrogenation solvents are promising for the realization of a sustainable and carbon‐neutral methanol economy in a scalable process.
ANXA6 suppresses the tumorigenesis of cervical cancer through autophagy induction
Authors: Sun Xin , Shu Yuhan , Xu Mengting , Jiang Jiukun , Wang Liming , Wang Jigang , Huang Dongsheng , Zhang Jianbin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundAutophagy is an intracellular degradation pathway conserved in eukaryotes. ANXA6 (annexin A6) belongs to a family of calcium‐dependent membrane and phospholipid‐binding proteins. Here, we identify ANXA6 as a newly synthesized protein in starvation‐induced autophagy and validate it as a novel autophagy modulator that regulates autophagosome formation.ResultsANXA6 knockdown attenuates starvation‐induced autophagy, while restoration of its expression enhances autophagy. GO (gene ontology) analysis of ANXA6 targets showed that ANXA6 interacts with many RAB GTPases and targets endocytosis and phagocytosis pathways, indicating that ANXA6 exerts its function through protein trafficking. ATG9A (autophagy‐related 9A) is the sole multispanning transmembrane protein and its trafficking through recycling endosomes is an essential step for autophagosome formation. Our results showed that ANXA6 enables appropriate ATG9A+ vesicle trafficking from endosomes to autophagosomes through RAB proteins or F‐actin. In addition, restoration of ANXA6 expression suppresses mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) activity through the inhibition of the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3‐kinase)‐AKT and ERK (extracellular signal‐regulated kinase) signaling pathways, which is a negative regulator of autophagy. Functionally, ANXA6 expression is correlated with LC3 (microtubule‐associated protein 1 light chain 3) expression in cervical cancer, and ANXA6 inhibits tumorigenesis through autophagy induction.ConclusionsOur results reveal an important mechanism for ANXA6 in tumor suppression and autophagy regulation.
Long‐term trends indicate that invasive plants are pervasive and increasing in eastern national parks
Authors: Miller Kathryn M. , McGill Brian J. , Weed Aaron S. , Seirup Camilla E. , Comiskey James A. , Matthews Elizabeth R. , Perles Stephanie , Paul Schmit John 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhile invasive plant distributions are relatively well known in the eastern United States, temporal changes in species distributions and interactions among species have received little attention. Managers are therefore left to make management decisions without knowing which species pose the greatest threats based on their ability to spread, persist and outcompete other invasive species. To fill this gap, we used the U.S. National Park Service’s Inventory and Monitoring Program data collected from over 1,400 permanent forest plots spanning 12 yr and covering 39 eastern national parks to analyze invasive plant trends. We analyzed trends in abundance at multiple scales, including plot frequency, quadrat frequency, and average quadrat cover. We examined trends overall, by functional group, and by species. We detected considerably more increasing than decreasing trends in invasive plant abundance. In fact, 80% of the parks in our study had at least one significant increasing trend in invasive abundance over time. Where detected, significant negative trends tended to be herbaceous or graminoid species. However, these declines were often countered by roughly equivalent increases in invasive shrubs over the same time period, and we only detected overall declines in invasive abundance in two parks in our study. Present in over 30% of plots and responsible for the steepest and greatest number of significant increases, Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum) was the most aggressive invader in our study and is a high management priority. Invasive shrubs, especially Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii), Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora), and wineberry (Rubus phoenicolasius), also increased across multiple parks, and sometimes at the expense of Japanese stiltgrass. Given the added risks to human health from tick‐borne diseases, invasive shrubs are a high management priority. While these findings provide critical information to managers for species prioritization, they also demonstrate the incredible management challenge that invasive plants pose in protected areas, particularly since we documented few overall declines in invasive abundance. As parks work to overcome deferred maintenance of infrastructure, our findings suggest that deferred management of natural resources, particularly invasive species, requires similar attention and long‐term commitment to reverse these widespread increasing invasive trends.
Causes of differences in the distribution of the invasive plants Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Ambrosia trifida in the Yili Valley, China
Authors: Dong Hegan , Song Zhanli , Liu Tong , Liu Zhongquan , Liu Yan , Chen Baoxiong , Ma Qianqian , Li Zhigang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAmbrosia artemisiifolia and Ambrosia trifida are two species of very harmful and invasive plants of the same genus. However, it remains unclear why A. artemisiifolia is more widely distributed than A. trifida worldwide. Distribution and abundance of these two species were surveyed and measured from 2010 to 2017 in the Yili Valley, Xinjiang, China. Soil temperature and humidity, main companion species, the biological characteristics in farmland ecotone, residential area, roadside and grassland, and water demand of the two species were determined and studied from 2017 to 2018. The area occupied by A. artemisiifolia in the Yili Valley was more extensive than that of A. trifida, while the abundance of A. artemisiifolia in grassland was less than that of A. trifida at eight years after invasion. The interspecific competitive ability of two species was stronger than those of companion species in farmland ecotone, residential, and roadside. In addition, A. trifida had greater interspecific competitive ability than other plant species in grassland. The seed size and seed weight of A. trifida were five times or eight times those of A. artemisiifolia. When comparing the changes under simulated annual precipitation of 840 mm versus 280 mm, the seed yield per m2 of A. trifida decreased from 50,185 to 19, while that of A. artemisiifolia decreased from 15,579 to 530.
Long-Term Studies of Fish Health before and after the Closure of a Bleached Kraft Pulp Mill in Northern Ontario, Canada
Authors: Arciszewski T.J. , McMaster M.E. , Munkittrick K.R. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Changes in ecosystems after the removal of stress provide a rich source of information for conservation science. We used a long-term regional data set on the performance of white sucker (Catostomus commersonii) collected before and after the closure of a pulp mill to explore recovery in fish. Physiological indicators, including liver enzymes and plasma steroids, showed some compelling changes after the closure of the mill consistent with reduced exposure to pulp mill effluent but did not unequivocally demonstrate recovery. However, persistent signals in these fish may indicate effects of impoundment or discharge of sewage. We also used quantile regression with environmental covariates and bootstrap iteration to determine if systematic variation remained in relative body weight, liver weight, and gonad weight. In fish formerly exposed to pulp mill effluent, we found evidence of improvements (male gonad weight and liver weight of males and females), degradation (gonad weight of females), and no change (body weight). Although the observed patterns may be associated with closure of the mill, some differences were also found at regional locations, suggesting roles of additional stressors and challenging the clear association of change at the Mattagami River exposure site with the closure of the mill. However, fish captured at this location show responses consistent with regional locations, suggesting no residual impacts and highlights the challenges of identifying changes in fish even after large and known interventions. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:162–176. © 2020 SETAC
Good orientations of unions of edge‐disjoint spanning trees
Authors: Bang‐Jensen Jørgen , Bessy Stéphane , Huang Jing , Kriesell Matthias 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we exhibit connections between the following subjects:

Tree packing in graphs and digraphs (both behave completely different),
the rigidity matroid of a graph,
Henneberg moves on trees,
the conjectures of Thomassen and Matthews and Sumner, and
(s,t)‐orderings of digraphs. We do this by studying graphs which admit acyclic orientations that contain an out‐branching and in‐branching which are arc‐disjoint (such an orientation is called good). A 2T‐graph is a graph whose edge set can be decomposed into two edge‐disjoint spanning trees. It is a well‐known result due to Tutte and Nash‐Williams, respectively, that every 4‐edge‐connected graph contains a spanning 2T‐graph. Vertex‐minimal 2T‐graphs with at least two vertices which are known as generic circuits play an important role in rigidity theory for graphs. We prove that every generic circuit has a good orientation. Using this result we prove that if is 2T‐graph whose vertex set has a partition so that each induces a generic circuit of and the set of edges between different 's form a matching in , then has a good orientation. We also obtain a characterization for the case when the set of edges between different 's form a double tree, that is, if we contract each to one vertex, and delete parallel edges we obtain a tree. All our proofs are constructive and imply polynomial algorithms for finding the desired good orderings and the pairs of arc‐disjoint branchings which certify that the orderings are good. We identify a structure which can be used to certify that a given 2T‐graph does not have a good orientation.