bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of generalized and central obesity with serum and salivary cortisol secretion patterns in the elderly: findings from the cross sectional KORA-Age study
Authors: Ladwig Karl-Heinz , Schriever Sonja Charlotte , Atasoy Seryan , Bidlingmaier Martin , Kruse Johannes , Johar Hamimatunnisa 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe study aimed to examine the sex specific association of obesity with cortisol metabolism in a sample of older community dwelling people. The cross-sectional analysis included 394 men and 375 women (aged 65–90 years) of the population-based KORA-Age study. Multivariable regression analyses were employed to examine the association between cortisol samples (serum and salivary samples of morning after awakening (M1), 30 min later (M2) and at late night (LNSC)). Obesity was calculated as waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI). Cortisol levels were not significantly different between obesity measures except for elevated serum cortisol (P = 0.02) levels in individuals with a low WHR. Higher M1 levels were especially apparent in women with normal BMI. Serum cortisol levels were inversely related to WHR (P = 0.004) and CARAUC was inversely associated with BMI (P = 0.007). Sex-stratified analytic models revealed that both obesity measures showed a non-linear association with cortisol diurnal pattern (M1/LNSC) in men. Impaired cortisol patterns emerged at both very ends of the body weight distribution. These findings do not support a cortisol driven obesity etiology in an older population and even point to an inverse association of body weight with cortisol levels. Differences of cortisol secretion patterns in generalized and abdominal fat distribution were marginal.
Genome-wide identification and analysis of GRAS transcription factors in the bottle gourd genome
Authors: Sidhu Navjot Singh , Pruthi Gomsie , Singh Sahildeep , Bishnoi Ritika , Singla Deepak 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGRAS genes belong to the plant-specific transcription factors (TF’s) family that are known to be involved in plant growth and development. In this study, we have identified 37 genes from the bottle gourd genome that encodes for GRAS TF’s. Except for the SCLA, we were able to identify at least one gene from each of the 17 subfamilies. Gene structure and chromosomal analysis showed that maximum seven genes are present on Chr7 followed by six genes on Chr1. The subcellular location analysis revealed that most of the genes were localized in the nucleus, except for a few in chloroplast and mitochondria. Additionally, we have identified one tandem gene duplication event on Chr7 and three major motifs that were present in all the GRAS genes. Furthermore, the protein–protein interaction prediction and gene expression analysis showed five candidate hub-genes interact with various other genes and thus probably control the expression of interacting partners in different plant tissues. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of GRAS transcription factors in bottle gourd genome which could be further extended to other vegetable crops.
Vitamin D supplementation and the outcomes of critically ill adult patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lan Shao-Huan , Lai Chih-Cheng , Chang Shen-Peng , Lu Li-Chin , Hung Shun-Hsing , Lin Wei-Ting 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis meta-analysis assessed the association between vitamin D supplementation and the outcomes of critically ill adult patients. A literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, Ovid MEDLINE, and Embase databases until March 21, 2020. We only included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation with placebo in critically ill adult patients. The primary outcome was their 28-day mortality. Overall, 9 RCTs with 1867 patients were included. In the pooled analysis of the 9 RCTs, no significant difference was observed in 28-day mortality between the vitamin D supplementation and placebo groups (20.4% vs 21.7%, OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.46–1.15; I2 = 51%). This result did not change as per the method of vitamin D supplementation (enteral route only: 19.9% vs 18.2%, OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.88–1.57; I2 = 10%; intramuscular or intravenous injection route: 25.6% vs 40.8%, OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.21–1.06; I2 = 19%) or daily dose (high dose: 20.9% vs 19.8%, OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.51–1.36; I2 = 53%; low dose: 15.6% vs 21.3%, OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.32–1.68; I2 = 0%). No significant difference was observed between the vitamin D supplementation and placebo groups regarding the length of ICU stay (standard mean difference [SMD], − 0.30; 95% CI, − 0.61 to 0.01; I2 = 60%), length of hospital stay (SMD, − 0.17; 95% CI, − 041 to 0.08; I2 = 65%), and duration of mechanical ventilation (SMD, − 0.41; 95% CI, − 081 to 0.00; I2 = 72%). In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggested that the administration of vitamin D did not provide additional advantages over placebo for critically ill patients. However, additional studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Meta-analysis of GWAS in canola blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) disease traits demonstrates increased power from imputed whole-genome sequence
Authors: Fikere M. , Barbulescu D. M. , Malmberg M. M. , Spangenberg G. C. , Cogan N. O. I. , Daetwyler H. D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBlackleg disease causes yield losses in canola (Brassica napusL.). To identify resistance genes and genomic regions, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 585 diverse winter and spring canola accessions were performed using imputed whole-genome sequence (WGS) and transcriptome genotype-by-sequencing (GBSt). Blackleg disease phenotypes were collected across three years in six trials. GWAS were performed in several ways and their respective power was judged by the number of significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), the false discovery rate (FDR), and the percentage of SNP that validated in additional field trials in two subsequent years. WGS GWAS with 1,234,708 million SNP detected a larger number of significant SNP, achieved a lower FDR and a higher validation rate than GBSt with 64,072 SNP. A meta-analysis combining survival and average internal infection resulted in lower FDR but also lower validation rates. The meta-analysis GWAS identified 79 genomic regions (674 SNP) conferring potential resistance toL. maculans. While several GWAS signals localised in regions of known Rlm genes, fifty-three new potential resistance regions were detected. Seventeen regions had underlying genes with putative functions related to disease defence or stress response inArabidopsis thaliana. This study provides insight into the genetic architecture and potential molecular mechanisms underlying canolaL. maculansresistance.
Climate and weather factors affecting winter sheltering by shoreline Copper Rockfish Sebastes caurinus in Howe Sound, British Columbia
Authors: Marliave J. B. , Borden L. A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe monitored winter sheltering behavior of Copper Rockfish (Sebastes caurinus) in layered boulders at a shoreline in British Columbia and identified possible links to climate change and evolutionary adaptation. During late autumn and winter, these fish were inside the interstices of the boulder pile (termed “winter sheltering”); these fish were actively swimming above the boulders during spring through early fall. Sheltering duration did not vary between normal and most El Niño years (154–177 days). Sheltering longer than 6 months occurred during strong La Niña winters (197–241 days). Additionally, the proximate stimulus for entry into sheltering was intense Arctic outflow windstorms. Emergence from sheltering appears linked to water temperatures, occasionally related more to spring river flooding (snowmelt). The winter sheltering behavior we describe may be unique to shoreline populations in inland seas. Sheltering may confer a fitness advantage by conserving energy or reducing mortality from predation, thus increasing longevity and chances for successful reproduction. Our observations suggest that an ONI threshold of 0.8 °C or greater would be better suited than the current 0.5 °C threshold used to define ONI events.
Impact of hyperuricemia on mortality related to aortic diseases: a 3.8-year nationwide community-based cohort study
Authors: Otaki Yoichiro , Watanabe Tetsu , Konta Tsuneo , Watanabe Masafumi , Asahi Koichi , Yamagata Kunihiro , Fujimoto Shouichi , Tsuruya Kazuhiko , Narita Ichiei , Kasahara Masato , Shibagaki Yugo , Iseki Kunitoshi , Moriyama Toshiki , Kondo Masahide , Watanabe Tsuyoshi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDespite advances in medicine, aortic diseases (ADs) such as aortic dissection and aortic aneurysm rupture remain fatal with extremely high mortality rates. Owing to the relatively low prevalence of AD, the risk of AD-related death has not yet been elucidated. The aim of the present study was to examine whether hyperuricemia is a risk factor for AD-related mortality in the general population. We used a nationwide database of 474,725 subjects (age 40–75 years) who participated in the annual “Specific Health Check and Guidance in Japan” between 2008 and 2013. There were 115 deaths from aortic dissection and aortic aneurysm rupture during the follow-up period of 1,803,955 person-years. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that subjects with hyperuricemia had a higher rate of AD-related death than those without hyperuricemia. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis demonstrated that hyperuricemia was an independent risk factor for AD-related death in the general population. The net reclassification index was improved by addition of hyperuricemia to the baseline model. This is the first report to demonstrate that hyperuricemia is a risk factor for AD-related death, indicating that hyperuricemia could be a crucial risk for AD-related death in the general population.
Targeting poor proteasomal function with radioiodine eliminates CT26 colon cancer stem cells resistant to bortezomib therapy
Authors: Lee Jin Hee , Jung Kyung-Ho , Park Jin Won , Moon Seung Hwan , Cho Young Seok , Lee Kyung-Han 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe tested the hypothesis that tumor response to conventional bortezomib (BTZ) treatment is enhanced by targeted radiotherapy of resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs) that have characteristically poor proteasome function. This was accomplished by augmenting 131I uptake through expression of a sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) fusion protein that accumulates in cells with low proteasome activity. The NIS gene fused with the C-terminal of ornithine decarboxylase degron (NIS-cODC) was cloned. Stably expressing CT26/NIS-cODC cells and tumorsphere-derived CSCs were evaluated for NIS expression and radioiodine uptake. CT26/NIS-cODC cells implanted into mice underwent PET imaging, and tumor-bearing mice were treated with BTZ alone or with BTZ plus 131I. CT26/NIS-cODC cells accumulated NIS protein, which led to high radioiodine uptake when proteasome activity was inhibited or after enrichment for stemness. The cell population that survived BTZ treatment was enriched with CSCs that were susceptible to 131I treatment, which suppressed stemness features. Positron emission tomography and uptake measurements confirmed high 124I and 131I uptake of CT26/NIS-cODC CSCs implanted in living mice. In CT26/NIS-cODC tumor-bearing mice, whereas BTZ treatment modestly retarded tumor growth and increased stemness markers, combining 131I therapy suppressed stemness features and achieved greater antitumor effects. The NIS-cODC system offer radioiodine-targeted elimination of CSCs that are tolerant to proteasome inhibition therapy.
Neuroprotective effects of oolong tea extracts against glutamate-induced toxicity in cultured neuronal cells and β-amyloid-induced toxicity inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Zhang Shaoxiong , Duangjan Chatrawee , Tencomnao Tewin , Liu Jianghong , Lin Jinke , Wink Michael 
Published: August 2020

The schematic of neuroprotective effects of oolong tea extracts against glutamate-induced toxicity in cultured neuronal cells and Aβ/α-synuclein-induced toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Bioinformatics analysis of the potential biomarkers for acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Liao Lin , Liao Pinhu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is caused by uncontrolled inflammation, and the activation of alveolar macrophages (AM) is involved in pathophysiologic procedures. The present study aimed to identify key AM genes and pathways and try to provide potential targets for prognosis and early intervention in ARDS. Methods: The mRNA expression profile of GSE89953 was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The LIMMA package in R software was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and the clusterProfiler package was used for functional enrichment and pathway analyses. A protein–protein interaction network of DEGs was constructed to identify hub genes via the STRING database and Cytoscape software. Hub gene expression was validated using differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) obtained from the ProteomeXchange datasets to screen potential biomarkers. Results: A total of 166 DEGs (101 up-regulated and 65 down-regulated) were identified. The up-regulated DEGs were mainly enriched in regulation of the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade, response to interferon-gamma, cell chemotaxis, and migration in biological processes. In the KEGG pathway analysis, up-regulated DEGs were mainly involved in rheumatoid arthritis, cytokine–cytokine receptor interactions, phagosome, and the chemokine signaling pathway. The 12 hub genes identified included GZMA, MPO, PRF1, CXCL8, ELANE, GZMB, SELL, APOE, SPP1, JUN, CD247, and CCL2. Conclusion: SPP1 was consistently differentially expressed in both DEGs and DEPs. SPP1 could be a potential biomarker for ARDS.
High expression of LEF1 correlates with poor prognosis in solid tumors, but not blood tumors: a meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Xiaoqi , Liu Haoran , Ye Tao , Ye Zhangqun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Previously published studies have indicated that lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1) expression could be recognized as a valuable biomarker to evaluate clinical outcome for various types of malignant cancer, but the results remained controversial. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to pool the published estimates and discuss the relationship of LEF1 expression with cancer prognosis. Methods: Five electronic databases Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, and Wanfang were systematically searched for eligible literatures. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from the included studies were combined to estimate the effect of LEF1 expression on cancer patients’ survival. Results: Eleven original studies met the criteria and were enrolled for analysis. The results indicated that compared with patients in low LEF1 expression group, patients in high LEF1 expression group tended to have shorter overall survival (HR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.06–2.86, P=0.029), especially for patients with solid tumors (HR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.86–3.08, P=0.000). Conclusions: Individual evidence about the prognostic value of LEF1 expression in human cancers was limited. Our meta-analysis supported the suggestion that elevated LEF1 expression could function as a promising biomarker to predict the clinical outcomes for malignant cancers, especially solid tumors. More high-quality clinical studies are warranted to highlight the prognostic value of LEF1 expression in human cancers.
Genetic deficiency of Phactr1 promotes atherosclerosis development via facilitating M1 macrophage polarization and foam cell formation
Authors: Li Te , Ding Lijuan , Wang Yonggang , Yang Ou , Wang Shudong , Kong Jian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Genetic variants in phosphatase and actin regulator-1 (Phactr1) are reported to be associated with arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, the function of Phactr1 in atherosclerosis remains unclear. Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who underwent coronary angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were enrolled and divided into non-ST segment elevation (NST-ACS) group and ST-ACS group. The expression of Phactr1 on monocytes was higher in NST-ACS and ST-ACS groups as compared with control group. Furthermore, NST-ACS patients who have more vulnerable features including thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) and large lipid area showed higher levels of Phactr1 on monocytes than those with stable plaques. Through mouse models of atherosclerosis, Phactr1−/−Apoe−/− mice (double knockout mice, DKO) developed more severe atherosclerotic plaques, recruiting more macrophages into subendothelium and having elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in plaques. Similarly, Apoe knockout mice (Apoe−/−) receiving DKO bone marrow (BM) exhibited elevated plaque burden compared with Apoe−/− mice receiving Apoe−/− BM, indicating the protective effect of Phactr1 in hematopoietic cells. We found that depletion of Phactr1 in BM-derived macrophages (BMDMs) tended to differentiate into M1 phenotype, produced more proatherogenic cytokines and eventually converted into foam cells driven by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Mechanistically, Phactr1 activated CREB signaling via directly binding to CREB, up-regulating CREB phosphorylation and inducing KLF4 expression. Finally, overexpression of KLF4 partly rescued the excessive inflammation response and foam cell formation induced by deficiency of Phactr1. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that elevated Phactr1 in monocytes is a promising biomarker for vulnerable plaques, while increased Phactr1 attenuates atherosclerotic development via activation of CREB and M2 macrophage differentiation.
The surface of (1) Ceres in visible light as seen by Dawn/VIR
Authors: Rousseau B. , De Sanctis M. C. , Raponi A. , Ciarniello M. , Ammannito E. , Frigeri A. , Ferrari M. , De Angelis S. , Carrozzo F. C. , Tosi F. , Schröder S. E. , Raymond C. A. , Russell C. T. 
Published: August 2020

Aims.We study the surface of Ceres at visible wavelengths, as observed by the Visible and InfraRed mapping spectrometer (VIR) onboard the Dawn spacecraft, and analyze the variations of various spectral parameters across the whole surface. We also focus on several noteworthy areas of the surface of this dwarf planet.Methods.We made use of the newly corrected VIR visible data to build global maps of a calibrated radiance factor at 550 nm, with two color composites and three spectral slopes between 400 and 950 nm. We have made these maps available for the community via the Aladin Desktop software.Results.Ceres’ surface shows diverse spectral behaviors in the visible range. The color composite and the spectral slope between 480 and 800 nm highlight fresh impact craters and young geologic formations of endogenous origin, which appear bluer than the rest of the surface. The steep slope before 465 nm displays very distinct variations and may be a proxy for the absorptions caused by the O2− → Fe3+or the 2Fe3+→ Fe2++ Fe4+charge transfers, if the latter are found to be responsible for the drop in this spectral range. We notice several similarities between the spectral slopes and the abundance of phyllosilicates detected in the infrared by the VIR, whereas no correlation can be clearly established with carbonate species. The region of the Dantu impact crater presents a peculiar spectral behavior – especially through the color and the spectral slope before 465 nm – suggesting a change in composition or in the surface physical properties that is not observed elsewhere on Ceres.
Bildgebung der COVID-19-Pneumonie
Authors: Meiler Stefanie , Stroszczynski Christian , Hamer Okka Wilkea 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungAktuell und zukünftig werden Radiologen bei jeder CT, die bei einem Patienten mit der Symptomatik einer Atemwegsinfektion durchgeführt wird, unweigerlich mit der Frage konfrontiert werden, ob es sich um eine COVID-19-Pneumonie handeln könnte. Andererseits sollte auch bei zufällig entdeckten Lungenläsionen in einer Thorax-CT anderer Indikation differenzialdiagnostisch an eine inzidentelle COVID-19-Pneumonie gedacht werden.
Zehn Jahre Hautkrebsscreening in Deutschland: Leuchtturmfunktion, Probleme und Verbesserungsansätze – Daten einer großen Hautarztpraxis
Authors: Ziegler Petra 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungVon 2008–2018 wurden ca. 40 000 Hautkrebsscreenings durchgeführt und die Daten analysiert.Es zeigte sich zum einen eine hochsignifikant steigende Zunahme von epithelialen malignen Tumoren um mehr als das Doppelte zwischen 2009 und 2018. Bei Patienten des gesetzlichen Hautkrebsscreenings konnte bei jedem 10. Patienten „weißer Hautkrebs“ diagnostiziert werden, 1,2 % der Patienten litten unter einem malignen Melanom, wobei 50 % davon in situ waren. Eine statistische Analyse der dysplastischen Nävi erbrachte eine höchst signifikante Differenz zwischen Patienten des gesetzlichen Screenings (54,2 Jahre) und Patienten unter 35 Jahren (23,4 Jahre). Die jüngere Patientengruppe (< 35 Jahre) wies fast doppelt so häufig histologisch nachgewiesene dysplastische Nävi auf als die Patienten des gesetzlichen Screenings (> 35 Jahre). Dies könnte ein früheres Screening ab 20 Jahren befürworten, um mögliche Risikogruppen rechtzeitig zu identifizieren. Die Senkung der Melanom-Mortalität als einziger Erfolgsparameter ist allerdings kritisch zu hinterfragen.
The Male Facelift
Authors: Daraei Paul P. , Marshall Ryan V. , Adams Austin S. , Rousso Daniel E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRhytidectomy techniques have evolved significantly since the procedure was first described in the early twentieth century. Techniques vary based on surgeon preference, patient characteristics, and the desired outcome. As facelifts are embraced by the general public and the frequency of rhytidectomy increases, attention to male patient-specific technique is critical. Male and female facelift techniques are fundamentally similar; however, there are nuances to patient selection and technique in males that guide the surgeon to improved postoperative outcomes. Attention to incision placement, trichophytic technique, and adjunct procedures will improve overall cosmesis in the male patient. Understanding of potential risks and their likelihood in the male patient will also minimize complications and allow for rapid recovery.
Adaptability and truth
Authors: Mey Jacob L. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Factual statements are supposed to be necessarily ‘true’, as opposed to people’s opinions. But what is often not taken into account is the fact that statements always are by a speaker whose relationship to the truth, or command of the facts may be less evident. In particular, leaning on an understanding of ‘facts’ (in science and elsewhere) that is more attuned to the pragmatics of Gibsonian ‘affordances’ and context, the chapter argues for a renewed attention to the conditions of ‘stating’ that circumscribe the truth value of statements. Invoking such diverse authorities as Giambattista Vico, Pope Francis, and Bruno Latour, it is claimed that all speaking is an activity of ‘acting in the world’ around us, rather than merely ‘representing’ that world. This has consequences for the precept of ‘letting the facts speak for themselves’ – as it is affirmed in a deceptively simple, but essentially vacuous popular slogan.