bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective effects of Aloe barbadensis and Myracrodruon urundeuva on 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis in hamsters
Authors: Sant'ana R. O. , Fonseca S. G. , Diogenes C. B. , Macedo R. N. , Alexandre A. , Brito G. C. , Ribeiro R. A. 
Published: March 2020

19606 Introduction: Oral mucositis (OM) is a frequent dose-limiting and costly complication of antineoplastic chemotherapy. It's caractherized by ulcerative lesions and cause pain, restrict food and fluids oral intake and substancial risk for sepsis. In severe cases, hospitalization, parenteral nutrition and opiode analgesics are required. Objectives: Evaluate the effects of extracts of two herbal medicines, Aloe barbadensis Miller (Ab) and Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão (Mu) on 5-fluorouracil-induced OM in hamsters. To evaluate the possible mecanisms by the extracts act, it was performed analysis of intensity of activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and analysis of immunohistochemistry for TNFa e iNOS in the mucosa specimes. Methods: Golden siriam hamsters were submitted to intra- peritoneal 60 and 40 mg/Kg injections of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in day 1 and 2, respectively. On day 4, animals were submitted to anaesthesia, followed by mecanic trauma with needle to potenciate the effect of 5-FU. After that, the mucosas were treated with topical gel containing Mu extract at 5, 10 or 20%, Ab extract at 25, 50 or 100% (experimental groups) or carbapol gel (control group). The treatments above were mantained twice daily until day 9. On day 10 the animals were sacrified. Diferent parameters were evaluated: macroscopic and microscopic scores of OM, body mass variation and immunohistochemistry for TNFa e iNOS. Results: Mu significantly inhibited macroscopic oral mucositis at 5 and 10% concentrations (5% Mu - Md 2; 10% Mu - Md 3; control - Md 4, p < 0,01). Ab also inhibited OM (25% Ab - Md 1; 50% Ab - Md 1,5; 100% Ab - Md 1; control - Md 4, p < 0,001). These results were confirmed by histological analysis (5% Mu - Md 1,5; 10% Mu - Md 1; 25% Ab - Md 1; 50% Ab - Md 1,5; 100% Ab - Md 1; control - Md 2, p < 0,01). MPO activity was significantly decreased by Mu and Ab compared to control animals. Both Mu and Ab decreased expression of TNFa e iNOS on tissue. It was observed a decrease on ponderal lost in experimental groups. Conclusions: Myracrodruon urundeuva and Aloe barbadensis cause important inhbitory effects in oral mucositis 5-FU induced probably by their antiinflamatory properties. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Clinical research of the malignant hydrothorax or hydroperitoneum treated with intracavitary chemotherapy and local thermotherapy
Authors: Song H. , Chen l. , Wang J. , Chu X. , Zhang Q. , Geng H. 
Published: March 2020

19615 Background: Malignant hydrothorax or hydroperitoneum are common complications of the cancer. Pure chemotherapy couldn’t get good effect. We combined intracavitary chemotherapy with local thermotherapy to cure malignant hydrothorax or hydroperitoneum. In order to observe the recent effects and toxicity of thermochemotherapy and evaluate the change of the immunologic function, and to investigate the mechanism of thermochemotherapy. Methods: Fifty-two patients were treated with weekly intracavitary chemotherapy, and then combined with local thermotherapy twice a week. As the control, another fifty patients received weekly intracavitary chemotherapy. Treated for two weeks and rest for one week, and then observed the recent effects and toxicity. Test the level of the T cell subset, NK cells and VEGF in serum and effusion Results: Overall response rate of the malignant hydrothorax was 86.9% vs 60.0% (P<0.05), Overall response rate of the malignant hydroperitoneum was 79.3% vs 46.7% (P <0.01).The incidence of myelosuppression was 7.7% vs 24% (P<0.05). After thermochemotherapy, the ratio of CD4/CD8 rose significantly (P<0.01), but the ratio of NK cells decreased significantly (P<0.05) in malignant hydrothorax or hydroperitoneum. While in peripheral blood, all the ratio of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 and NK cells rose significantly (P<0.05). Meanwhile the level of VEGF decreased significantly (P<0.05) whether in effusion or blood. Conclusions: Combined intracavitary chemotherapy with local thermotherapy could control the malignant hydrothorax and hydroperitoneum effectively with less-toxicity. The cellular immune function was elevated and the neovascularization of tumor was probablely inhibited. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Clinical analysis of multiple primary cancers
Authors: Lee K. , Jang H. , Choi M. , Kong J. , Lee S. , Kwon J. , Nam E. , Mun Y. , Seong C. , Lee S. 
Published: March 2020

19639 Background: Multiple primary cancers are defined as two or more abnormal growths of tissue occurring simultaneously or abnormal growths of tissues that follow a previous neoplasm but are not metastases of the latter in the same individual. The primary objective of this study was to determine the occurrence, clinical characteristics and prognosis of multiple primary cancers in single institution, respectively. Methods: Between January 1995 and June 2006, patients with multiple primary cancers were selected from a review of patients who had been treated and followed-up in our Ewha Womans University Hospital. Demographic data were obtained from medical records. Results: Two hundred seven patients were selected and patients with multiple primary cancers constituted 1.95% of all malignancies. Male to female ratio was 1.84. (male 134 vs. female 73 patients) The median age first cancer diagnosis was 67 years old in male, 57 in female. The incidence of synchronous cancers is higher than metachronous. (108 vs. 99) and the median time to additional cancers in metachronous group was 35 months. The most frequent cancers was gastrointestinal cancers in both sex synchronously and metachronously. In male, colorectal cancer followed by gastric cancer methchronously (9.1%), genitourinary cancer with another genitourinary cancer synchronously (12.7%) were frequently observed. In female, breast cancer followed by colorectal cancer metachronously (6.8%), gastric cancer with colorectal cancer (6.9%) were frequently observed. The median survival duration was 14.4 months totally from the index diagnosis and synchronous cancers showed lower survival duration than metachronous cancers. (7.4 vs. 26.1 months, p=0.017) Conclusions: Adequate investigations including G-I tract should focus in the first 3 years after initial diagnosis to detect second primary cancers earlier. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Pattern of malignancies in geriatric patients
Authors: Maddali L. S. , Maddali S. 
Published: March 2020

19650 Background: Information regarding pattern of malignancies in geriatric patients in India is not readily available. Methods: Between 1st January 1999 and 31st December 2006 we encountered 832 geriatric patients among a total of 3748 cases. Analysis was done with respect to age, sex and disease. Results: Geriatric patients constituted 832/3748 (22.20%) of our work load. Males 432 (51.92%) Females 400 (48.08%). Hematologic malignancies 214 (25.72%) Solid tumors 618 (74.28%). male preponderance in Hematologic malignancies 141/214 (66.89%); female preponderance in solid tumors 327/618 (52.91%). Top 7 malignancies: Males (432)-NSCLC 60 (13.89%) Prostate 57 (13.19%) NHL 48 (11.11%) Myeloma 39 (9.03%) CLL 31 (7.18%) HNSCC 30 (6.94%) Colon 26 (6.02%); Females (400)- Breast 147 (36.75%) Ovary 50 (12.50%) Uterus 44 (11.00%) NHL 25 (6.25%) Colon 20 (5.00%) NSCLC 11 (2.75%) CML 10 (2.50%). Age groups: (65–70) yrs-517 (62.13%) males 254, females 263; (71–80) yrs-264 (31.73%) males 152 females 112; (81–90) yrs-48 (5.78%) males 24, females 24; >91yrs-3 (0.36%) males 2 female 1. Top 5 malignancies in each age & sex group: Males, (65–70) yrs, 254: NSCLC 39 NHL 30 Prostate 29 Myeloma 24 Colon 19; (71–80) yrs, 152: Prostate 20 NSCLC 19 NHL 17 CLL 15 HNSCC 14; (81–90) yrs, 24: Prostate 7 Myeloma 2 CLL 2 CML 2 AML 2; Females, (65–70) yrs, 263: Breast 99 Ovary 37 Uterus 30 colon 13 NHL 13; (71–80) yrs, 112: Breast 41 Ovary 12 NHL 11 Uterus 10 CLL 9; (81–90) yrs, 24: Breast 7 Uterus 4 CLL 2 Renal cell carcinoma 2 Ovary 1. Conclusions: Solid tumors are the predominant malignancies in geriatric patients 618/832 (74.28%). B Cell neoplasms constitute bulk of the hematologic neoplasms 173/214 (80.84%). Sarcomas are uncommon 20/832 (2.40%). Important solid tumors: Prostate, NSCLC, Colon and HNSCC in males; Breast, Ovary, Uterus and colon in females. Age group (65–70) yrs is the major group 517/832 (62.13%) followed by significant age group (71–80) yrs 264/832 (31.73%). It is imperative to employ curative strategies for malignancies in this ever expanding population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
An assessment of cancer-related fatigue in patients (pts) with chemotherapy-induced anaemia (CIA) treated with darbepoetin alfa (DA): Comparison of two quality of life (QoL) questionnaires
Authors: Esquerdo G. , Llorca C. , Cervera J. , Juarez A. , Orts D. , Carrato A. 
Published: March 2020

19654 Background: CIA is often associated with debilitating fatigue and reduced QoL. DA can effectively treat CIA when administered once every 3 weeks (Q3W).This study aims to compare the psychometrics of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Fatigue Subscale (FACT-F) and The Fatigue Symptom Inventory (FSI) in CIA pts treated with DA Q3W. Methods: Longitudinal single- centre prospective study in adult pts with solid tumours undergoing chemotherapy (CT) and with mild to moderate cancer-related fatigue (CRF) (Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) =30 mm). Pts with haemoglobin (HB) levels <11 g/dL were treated with DA 500 mcg Q3W. Key clinical parameters, FACT-F, and FSI measurements were collected at the beginning and end of the CT treatment period. Psychometric indicators for reliability and validity were calculated. Results: A preliminary analysis was conducted in 58 pts: mean age, 61.3 years (SD 12.3), 51.7% women, 25.9% with breast cancer, 91.4% ECOG 0–1, 69.0% IV stage, 63% had no prior CT. At baseline, the mean CRF score by VAS was 58.8 mm (SD 19.4) and the mean Hb was 10.2 g/dL (SD 0.7). Median CT duration was 15.1 weeks (range, 3.3 - 25.7) and all pts received DA treatment during CT (median duration of CT, 6.6 wks [range, 0 - 19]). The median number of DA doses administered was 3 (range, 1–7). The rate of hematopoietic response (Hb ≥ 12 g/dL or Hb rise from baseline ≥ 2 g/dL) was 69.0%. FACT-F and FIS scores improved by 5.6 and 13.0 points respectively during CT. Consistency (Cronbach alpha coefficient - CA) was high and similar for both questionnaires (FACT-F=0.98; FSI=0.97). Conclusions: Both the FACT-F and FIS QoL questionnaires measured a change in fatigue during the study with high and similar consistency. DA administered at a fixed dose of 500 mcg Q3W seems to be effective in clinical practice. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Impact of radiotherapy on quality of life in elder women with localized breast cancer. A prospective study
Authors: Arraras J. I. , Arias F. , Manterola A. , Dominguez M. A. , Villafranca E. , Martinez E. , Illarramendi J. J. , Salgado E. , Vera R. 
Published: March 2020

19656 Background: the aims of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the radiotherapy in the Quality of Life (QL) in a sample of breast cancer elder patients with localized stages. Methods: The sample size was previously calculated using the program GRANMO 5.2 (Power O.8, a=0.01). During 2005, forty eight patients aged 65 years and older, stages I to III who started radiotherapy with or without hormonetherapy, have filled in the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23 Quality of Life questionnaires three times: prior, end, and six weeks after the radiotherapy. Demographic data, performance status (Karnfosky scale), Daily Living Activities (DLA) with the IDDD scale, toxicity (CTC v2.0), co-morbidity and other clinical data have also been recorded Statistical analysis: Quality of Life and DLA scores, changes in them among the three assessments (Friedman, with Wilcoxon and Bonferroni criteria) have been calculated. Results: Quality of Life and DLA scores have been high in most dimensions in the three measurements. Moderate limitations (>30 points) have appeared in global Quality of Life, future worries, sexuality scales in the three measurements, and insomnia in the second. There are no significant differences in QL scores between the first and third measurements. In the second measurement there are moderate worsening (between 10 and 20 points) in fatigue, pain and breast symptoms and little (<10) in role, that have recovered in the third measurement. There has also been improvements between the second and third measurement in arm symptoms and global QL. No changes in DLA among the three measurements. Conclusions: Quality of Life in the elder patients has been good and the treatment adequately tolerated. Limited changes have appeared in treatment related areas that have recovered after a short follow-up period. Age should not be the only factor to consider when deciding the treatment protocol to administer. It would be desirable to confirm our results with a bigger sample. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Benefit of oncologist and geriatrician collaboration in the management of digestive cancer in elderly patients
Authors: Cudennec T. , Mitry E. , Moulias S. , Lepere C. , Lievre A. , Teillet L. , Rougier P. 
Published: March 2020

19667 Background: A standardized geriatric evaluation is essential for the multidisciplinary discussion of elderly patients with gastrointestinal cancer. A geriatric as well as an oncological evaluation are mandatory to offer to these patients the best therapeutic option and improve their prognosis as well as their quality of life. A Geriatric Intervention Team (GIT) composed by nurses and geriatrician is working in our hospital. One of its function is to evaluate elderly patients with digestive neoplasms in collaboration with the Digestive Oncology unit (DOU). Methods: The Mini Mental State Examination, the mini-Geriatric Depression Scale and the Get up and go timed test were used for the geriatric evaluation. Results: GIT was solicited for 124 pts over a 3-year period. Their mean age was 79,1 ± 6,3 years old (65 to 96), 45% were men. The neoplasic localizations were: colorectal (53%), pancreatic (17%), esophagus (11%), hepatic carcinoma (7%) and other (12%). There was a clear prevalence of cognitive disorders identified by the Folstein MMSE. Among 65 workable files (complete MMSE), 61% of the patients had an abnormal (< 26). The observation of a time and/or space disorientation was noticed in 30% of the cases. The mini-GDS used to detect depression, was positive in 43% of the evaluations. The Timed Get Up and Go Test was used to evaluate the walking capacity self-sufficiency and the risk of falls. It was superior to 20 seconds in 40% of cases. For 77 geriatrics evaluation, the GIT was solicited before the decision of the best treatment to choose. In this population, we can clearly identify 3 clusters of patients: well-matched patients (34%) who received chimiotherapy; intermediate patients (26%) who needed a new geriatric assessment before decision; and frailed patients (40%) who received only palliative treatment. In the second group, after geriatrician intervention, 60% of patients finally received a chemotherapy. Conclusions: These results show the benefit of a close collaboration between geriatricians and oncologist. In the daily management of elderly patients, alteration are at least detected in 55% of patients by geriatric assessment. Moreover, the GIT is allow to securely classify the patients between the 3 categories and help to decision in the intermediate group. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
“Was it worth it?” A pilot study of advanced cancer patients’ retrospective perceptions of benefit from phase I trial participation
Authors: Bruce J. Y. , Hlubocky F. J. , Daugherty C. K. 
Published: March 2020

19670 Background: Subjects who enroll in phase I cancer trials generally are those with advanced and terminal disease. Although all such patients (pts) undergo an informed consent process, there is evidence that these pts may not appreciate the primary aims of a phase I trial and have unrealistic expectations of therapeutic benefit. However, these perceptions of benefit have not been described in pts after trial enrollment. Methods: As a pilot study, pts previously enrolled on Phase I trials were interviewed regarding their retrospective perceptions of benefit. A total of 9 pts have been interviewed to date: median age: 72 yr (range: 59–82 yr); 55% male; 77% Caucasian. The interview included open-ended questions assessing patient experiences with the trial, including reasons for enrollment, impressions of quality of life, costs incurred, and other benefits. Pts’ qualitative responses were recorded and analyzed for content and themes. Results: Reasons for enrollment included hope, prior treatment failure, altruism, and family influence. Described perceptions of anticipated benefit included stabilization of disease and close monitoring of their disease. Unexpected costs involved time spent during clinic visits, financial costs, time taken off work by family members, time spent away from family, and additional trial procedures. Issues of quality of life revolved around side effects from the investigational agent. Many interviewed pts (44%) described improved quality of life off the trial as compared to during trial participation. The majority of interviewed pts (67%) believed that the trial had no effect on their survival. Conclusions: Our data suggest that pts’ perceptions of therapeutic benefit after trial enrollment may be different from pre-enrollment expectations. There would also appear to be potentially significant and otherwise undescribed out-of-pocket expenses incurred by subjects as a result of phase I enrollment. Further research is needed to examine how side effects, unexpected costs, and lack of improved survival contribute to these pts’ perceptions of trial benefit. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Deep venous thrombosis and cancer (about 68 cases)
Authors: Tahri A. , El Hattaoui M. , Charei N. , El Belghiti M. , Mahmal L. , Tahiri F. , Bouras N. 
Published: March 2020

19672 Background: The association between cancer and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) has been known for a century. The goal of this retrospective study is to evaluate the risk factors and the characteristics of patients presenting with a DVT to determine the interest of a malignancy work up. Methods: This is a monocentric retrospective study of 405 DVT’s ± pulmonary embolism reported between January 2003 and July 2006, confirmed by sonogram and spiral CT. The risk factors for the embolic events as well as the diagnosis work up done to determine the origin of the embolism were analyzed. Results: In our population the mean age was 50 years, 300 patients (74 %) presented with at least one risk factor for thrombosis event, 68 cases were found to have a malignancy (16.8%) from which 9 were occult malignancies (found among 109 cases of idiopathic DVT’s).The mean age of the patients diagnosed with cancer was significantly higher with a female predominance. These malignancies were distributed as follow: 50% gynecologic origin, 25% gastrointestinal, 10% pulmonary, 9 % urologic and 6% of hematologic origin. The risk factors identified were: Surgery (OR = 4) and Chemotherapy (OR=6). The occult malignancies were mentioned during the encounter with 6 patients. The physical exam, abdomino-pelvic sonograms were sufficient for the etiologic diagnosis in 8 cases. Other exams like (tumor markers, gastrointestinal endoscopies) were non contributive, a part of the clinical orientation they provided. Conclusions: DVT’s do occur more frequently in operated cancer patients or those who received chemotherapy. The malignancies are more frequently of gynecologic or gastrointestinal origin. It appears that an extensive diagnosis work up is not cost effective, a basic work up including: a thorough history, a complete physical exam, simple blood tests (inflammatory markers and CBC) as well as a abdomino-pelvic sonogram are sufficient for the screening of a malignancy, extensive work up should be done as a second option. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Malignancies masquarading as psoas abscesses: An unusual presentation in a developing country
Authors: Singh H. , Chawla S. , Joshi A. J. , Marwaha D. , Saggar R. R. , Joshi M. A. 
Published: March 2020

19675 Background: Psoas abscess is regarded as a rare disease in medical literature, more so as primary presentation of malignancy or its recurrence. We describe a series of 10 cancer patients who presented with psoas abscess seen in a 18 month period at a large tertiary care cancer hospital in northern India. They were subsequently diagnosed as having malignancy or recurrence of a past malignancy. Methods: A retrospective study of cancer patients who presented with psoas abscess was undertaken. We reviewed clinical data from patients who presented in the period from April 2005 to December 2006 at the Patel Cancer & Superspeciality hospital, Jalandhar, India. Results: In this period 10 cases of cancer met the diagnosis of psoas abscess at presentation. The average age was 51 years (range 20 to 85) with a male female ratio of 4:1. In 7 patients psoas abscess was the presentation at initial diagnosis while in 3 patients it was the presentation of recurrence/relapse. None of the patients had any predisposing conditions like IV drug use, diabetes mellitus, hematoma or HIV positivity.. Majority (7/10) of primary tumors were genito- urinary cancers (Renal - 2, Ureter - 1, Cervix - 1, Prostate - 1, Dysgerminoma - 1, Penis-1) while 3 were of unknown origin. Squamous cell carcinoma was the commonest histology (4/10), followed by metastatic adenocarcinoma (3/10). Majority of the abscess were left sided (7/10) corresponding to the side of primary lesion. Under lying destruction of iliac bone with metastasis was found in only 2 patients. Most of the patients (9/10) responded poorly to treatment ie chemotherapy and radiotherapy, all of them dying of disease progression within a year. Conclusions: Psoas abscess can be a rare presentation of intra abdominal malignancy. Pre disposing factors may not necessarily be present. Genito-urinary malignancies should be kept in the differential diagnosis of unexplained psoas abscesses. Development of psoas abscess does not always signify metastatic disease but portends a poor prognosis to treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.