bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« Une réalité d’ombre ». Un acercamiento al espacio en los cuentos fantásticos de Erckmann-Chatrian
Authors: Alonso García Ana 
Published: December 2020

Emile Erckmann y Alexandre Chatrian tuvieron mucho éxito como autores de novelas populares que describían con detalle la vida en Alsacia, Lorena y en las zonas fronterizas del Rin. Sin embargo la crítica apenas se ocupó de la dimensión fantástica de su producción. Siguiendo la orientación de las investigaciones específicamente dedicadas a la producción fantástica de estos dos escritores y de las aportaciones teóricas sobre el tratamiento del espacio en la literatura, este trabajo se presenta como una pequeña contribución al análisis del espacio en un corpus de catorce cuentos fantásticos de Erckmann-Chatrian, publicados entre 1850 y 1862. Tras una breve presentación de los rasgos distintivos de lo fantástico en Erckmann-Chatrian y del análisis del marco geográfico de los cuentos escogidos, se aborda en un segundo punto la descripción ambivalente de los espacios de quietud, transfigurados por la mirada del narrador en lugares insólitos.
El tercer punto se centra en la contaminación emocional del espacio, resultado de la influencia de la experiencia vital de narrador sobre su percepción de los lugares. Finalmente, se estudia el espacio como amenaza, el funcionamiento de ciertos lugares como soporte de actos criminales y violentos que turban la aparente quietud de las poblaciones.
El análisis de todos estos aspectos desvela las estrategias narrativas de la escritura fantástica de Erckmann-Chatrian en el tratamiento del espacio.
Naturaleza e interpretación del Acuerdo de Paz en el sistema jurídico colombiano | Nature and interpretation of the Peace Agreement in the Colombian legal system
Authors: Asia Padilla Fariel José , Diaz Gil Jorge 
Published: December 2020

Si bien desde diversas teorías del análisis se plantea que, el conflicto y la confrontación son elementos necesarios[1] a la evolución de cualquier sociedad, para el caso Colombiano[2], atendiendo a nuestro contexto, han debido tomarse medidas atípicas para enfrentar y desarrollar el cese al fuego y el acuerdo de paz, por lo menos en un primer momento con la fuerza beligerante más representativa del País, las FARC EP. En éste sentido, en el presente escrito se hace una revisión de la naturaleza jurídica que constituye el “Acuerdo final para la terminación del conflicto, y la construcción de una paz estable y duradera”; así como también de los Actos Legislativos fruto del mismo, y la interpretación que debe hacerse desde el sistema jurídico colombiano, respecto de aquellos, no sólo para la implementación del mencionado acuerdo de paz, sino también como proyección a venideros procesos.___________________________________________________To Atypical problems, atypical solutions. This basic formula allows to understand the context of a negotiation. For the case that concerns us, the legal, social and political system that has developed in Colombia in the context of violence, and the conflict lived from middle of last century, has not been precisely a stage that can be framed within a "typical situation" in a "stable society".Although from diverse theories of the analysis, it´s argued that, the conflict and the confrontation are necessary elements to the evolution of any society, for the Colombian case, according to our context, atypical measures must have be taken to face and to develop the cease-fire and the peace agreement, at least at first, with the most representative belligerent force in the country, the FARC EP.In this sense, the present paper makes a review of the juridical nature that constitutes the "final agreement for the termination of the conflict, and the construction of a stable and lasting peace"; As well as the legislative acts resulting from it, and the interpretation that must be made from the Colombian juridical system in respect of those, not only for the implementation of the mentioned peace agreement, but also as a projection to future processes. [1] Al respecto se puede ver por ejemplo, a Bauer, J. (2013) La violencia cotidiana y global. Barcelona: Plataforma Editorial. En el texto se hace una revisión de la violencia como resultado del instinto humano, posteriormente como fruto de la motivación personal, y por último, como resultado de las dinámicas sociales que generan circunstancias de desigualdad y exclusión.[2] Para profundizar en el estudio del conflicto colombiano, se puede por ejemplo, remitir a González, E. (2015) Poder y Violencia en Colombia. Bogotá: Odecofi-Cinep.
Comprehensive analysis of circRNA expression profiles and circRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA networks in IgA nephropathy
Authors: Liu Haiyang , Liu Di , Liu Yexin , Xia Ming , Li Yan , Li Mei , Liu Hong 
Published: December 2020

Background
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is immune-mediated primary glomerulonephritis, which is the most common reason leading to renal failure worldwide. The exact pathogenesis of IgAN is not well defined. Accumulating evidence indicates that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play crucial roles in the immune disease by involving in the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network mechanism. At present, the studies of the circRNA profiles and circRNA-associated ceRNA networks in the IgAN are still scarce. This study aimed to elucidate the potential roles of circRNA-associated ceRNA networks of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in IgAN patients

Method
CircRNA sequencing was used to identify the differential expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs) of PBMCs in IgAN and healthy controls; limma packages from data sets GSE25590 and GSE73953 in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, were used to identify differentially expressed micro RNAs (miRNAs) and message RNAs (mRNAs). A circRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was constructed to further investigate the mechanisms of IgAN. Then, GO analysis and KEGG enrichment analyses were used to annotate the genes involved in the circRNA-associated ceRNA network. Further, Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were established to screen potential hub genes, by using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING). Last, a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to verify the hub genes in the ceRNA network.

Result
A total of 145 circRNAs, 22 miRNAs, and 1,117 mRNAs were differentially expressed in IgAN compared with controls (P < 0.05). A ceRNA network was constructed which contained 16 DEcircRNAs, 72 differential expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and 11 differential expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis illustrated the underlying biological functions of the ceRNA-associated genes, such as Nitrogen compound metabolic process, COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicle, CAMP response element protein binding process (P < 0.01); meanwhile, Hepatitis B, GnRH signaling, and Prion disease were the most significant enrichment GO terms (P < 0.01). PPI network based on STRING analysis identified 4 potentially hub genes. Finally, Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box containing 16 (ASB16), SEC24 homolog C, COPII coat complex component (SEC24C) were confirmed by qRT-PCR (P < 0.05) and were identified as the hub genes of the ceRNA network in our study.

Conclusion
Our study identified a novel circRNA-mediated ceRNA regulatory network mechanisms in the pathogenesis of IgAN.
Response evaluation and analysis using impulse of base‐isolated buildings during a collision with retaining wall
Authors: Fukui Hirohisa , Fujitani Hideo , Mukai Yoichi , Ito Mai , Mosqueda Gilberto 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe performance of base‐isolated buildings during collision with a retaining wall is examined via shaking table experiments, and a simplified numerical simulation method is proposed to predict structural response. Input ground motions are scaled to various amplitudes to examine the pounding effect of the superstructure under different collision velocities. The influence of wall rigidity on the superstructure response is examined by replacing rubber member attachments on the retaining wall with pads that have different rubber hardness values. Factors influencing the response of the superstructure during collision are identified from experimental results. A numerical simulation method that uses impulse forcing function to replace the collision simulation is evaluated. Time history analysis of a lumped‐mass model considering an impulse at the expected time and location of the collision are shown to efficiently predict the maximum floor acceleration and story shear force of the superstructure during collision without employing a collision analysis model. This research contributes towards developing simplified procedures for estimating the effects of collision in base isolated structures.
Territorial aggression by dwarf hamster females (Phodopus campbelli): A hormonal approach
Authors: Olvera‐Ramos José A. , Cárdenas‐León Mario , Luis Juana 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFemales of many vertebrate species are territorial. However, few studies have been performed on territorial aggression and its hormonal bases in females. The present study determined whether dwarf hamster females (Phodopus campbelli) display territorial aggression and the role that estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) play in this behavior. Two experiments were carried out. First, 28 virgin females were mated with sexually inexperienced males. The females were submitted to oviduct ligation 2 weeks before mating to prevent pregnancy. After 15 days of mating, 16 out of 28 females were submitted to resident‐intruder tests, whereas the remaining 12 females were nonconfronted. Blood samples were collected 30 min after the aggression tests to determine E2 and P4 by ELISA. In the second experiment, 40 females were mated with vasectomized males. Thirty days after mating, 30 dwarf hamsters were subjected to ovariectomy; 10 were nontreated, 10 were treated with E2, and 10 with P4. The remaining 10 were sham‐operated. All females were submitted to resident‐intruder tests, and blood samples were taken to quantify E2 and P4. In the first experiment, 87.5% of dwarf hamster females displayed territorial aggression, and in the second, 100% of females were aggressive. Ovariectomy and ovariectomy plus E2 or P4 replacement did not affect aggressive territorial behavior. These results showed that this species' females are territorial, and this behavior is not dependent on ovarian steroid hormones.
Using flattening filter free beams in electronic tissue compensation whole breast irradiation with deep inspiration breath hold
Authors: Wisnoskie Sarah B. , Liang Xiaoying , Wahl Andrew O. , Bennion Nathan R. , Granatowicz Andrew D. , Zhou Sumin , Zheng Dandan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeIn order to reduce heart dose, DIBH has become a common practice in left‐sided whole breast irradiation. This technique involves a significant strain on patients due to the breath‐hold requirements. We hereby investigate the dosimetric and delivery feasibility of using flattening filter free (FFF) energies with electronic tissue compensation (ECOMP) planning technique to reduce the required breath‐hold lengths and increase patient compatibility.MethodsFifteen left‐sided, postlumpectomy patients previously receiving DIBH whole‐breast radiotherapy (266cGy x 16fx) were retrospectively planned using ECOMP for both 6X and 6X‐FFF. A dosimetric comparison was made between the two plans for each patient using various dosimetric constraints. Delivery feasibility was analyzed by recalculating the 6X ECOMP plan with 6X‐FFF without replanning (6X‐FFF QA) and delivering both plans for a one‐to‐one comparison using Gamma analysis. Beam‐on times for the 6X and 6X‐FFF plans were measured. For all tests, Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was used withP < 0.05 as significant.ResultsNo statistical difference was observed between 6X and 6X‐FFF plans for most dosimetric endpoints except contralateral breast Dmax(P = 0.0008) and skin Dmax(p = 0.03) and Dmin(P = 0.01) for which 6X‐FFF showed favorable results when compared with 6X. 6X‐FFF significantly reduced beam‐on times for all patients by 22%–42% (average 32%). All plan QAs passed departmental gamma criteria (10% low‐dose threshold, 3%/3mm, >95% passing).ConclusionECOMP planning with FFF was found feasible for left‐sided breast patients with DIBH. Plan quality is comparable, if not better, than plans using flattened beams. FFF ECOMP could significantly reduce beam‐on time and required breath‐hold lengths thereby increasing patient compatibility for this treatment while offering satisfactory plan quality and delivery accuracy.
Van der Waals Nanowires with Continuously Variable Interlayer Twist and Twist Homojunctions
Authors: Sutter Peter , Idrobo Juan‐Carlos , Sutter Eli 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMoiré patterns at van der Waals interfaces between twisted 2D crystals give rise to distinct optoelectronic excitations, as well as, narrowly dispersive bands responsible for correlated electron phenomena. Contrasting with the conventional, mechanically stacked planar twist moirés, recent work shows twisted van der Waals interfaces spontaneously formed in nanowires of layered crystals, where Eshelby twist due to axial screw dislocations stabilizes a chiral structure with small interlayer rotation. Here, the realization of tunable twist in germanium(II) sulfide (GeS) van der Waals nanowires is reported. Tapered nanowires host continuously variable interlayer twist. Homojunctions between dislocated (chiral) and defect‐free (achiral) segments are obtained by triggering the emission of axial dislocations during growth. Measurements across such junctions, implemented here using local absorption and luminescence spectroscopy, provide a convenient tool for detecting twist effects. The results identify a versatile system for 3D twistronics, probing moiré physics, and for realizing moiré architectures without equivalent in planar systems.
Heavy‐Atom‐Modulated Supramolecular Assembly Increases Antitumor Potency against Malignant Breast Tumors via Tunable Cooperativity
Authors: Guo Zhengqing , He Hui , Zhang Yi , Rao Jiaming , Yang Tao , Li Ting , Wang Lu , Shi Mengke , Wang Mengya , Qiu Shihong , Song Xue , Ke Hengte , Chen Huabing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains with highest incidence and mortality rates among females, and a critical bottleneck lies in rationally establishing potent therapeutics against TNBC. Here, the self‐assembled micellar nanoarchitecture of heavy‐atom‐modulated supramolecules with efficient cytoplasmic translocation and tunable photoconversion is shown, for potent suppression against primary, metastatic, and recurrent TNBC. Multi‐iodinated boron dipyrromethene micelles yield tunable photoconversion into singlet oxygen and a thermal effect, together with deep penetration and subsequent cytoplasmic translocation at the tumor. Tetra‐iodinated boron dipyrromethene micelles (4‐IBMs) particularly show a distinctly enhanced cooperativity of antitumor efficiency through considerable expressions of apoptotic proteins, potently suppressing subcutaneous, and orthotopic TNBC models, together with reduced oxygen dependence. Furthermore, 4‐IBMs yield preferable anti‐metastatic and anti‐recurrent efficacies through the inhibition of metastasis‐relevant proteins, distinct immunogenic cell death, and re‐education of M2 macrophages into tumoricidal M1 phenotype as compared to chemotherapy and surgical resection. These results offer insights into the cooperativity of supramolecular nanoarchitectures for potent phototherapy against TNBC.
Consequences of Chirality in Directing the Pathway of Cholesteric Helix Inversion of π‐Conjugated Polymers by Light
Authors: Kulkarni Chidambar , Curvers Rick H. N. , Vantomme Ghislaine , Broer Dirk J. , Palmans Anja R. A. , Meskers Stefan C. J. , Meijer E. W. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractControl over main‐chain motion of chiral π‐conjugated polymers can lead to unexpected new functionalities. Here, it is shown that by combining photoswitchable azobenzene units in conjugation with chiral fluorene comonomers and appropriate plasticizers, the polymer organization and chiroptical properties of these alternating copolymers steered by light and its state of polarization can be dynamically controlled. The configuration of the stereogenic centers in the side chains of the fluorene units determines the handedness of the cholesteric organization in thermally annealed films, indicating cooperative behavior. The polymer alignment and helicity of the supramolecular arrangement can be switched by irradiating with linearly and circularly polarized light, respectively. Intriguingly, when switching the handedness of thermally induced cholesteric organizations by illuminating with circularly polarized light that is opposite to the handedness of the cholesteric phases, a nematic‐like intermediate state is observed during helix interconversion. By the sequence of irradiation with left and right circularly polarized light followed by thermal annealing, an asymmetric motion, reminiscent of that seen in molecular motors is observed. These findings suggest that functional conjugated polymers can exhibit emergent properties at mesoscopic scale.
Lasing from InP Nanowire Photonic Crystals on InP Substrate
Authors: Tu Chia‐Wei , Fränzl Martin , Gao Qian , Tan Hark‐Hoe , Jagadish Chennupati , Schmitzer Heidrun , Wagner Hans Peter 
Published: December 2020

Abstract2D photonic crystal (PhC) lasing from an InP nanowire array still attached to the InP substrate is demonstrated for the first time. The undoped wurtzite InP nanowire array is grown by selective area epitaxy and coated with a 10 nm thick Al2O3 film to suppress atmospheric oxidation and band‐bending effects. The PhC array displays optically pumped lasing at room temperature at a pulsed threshold fluence of 14 µJ cm−2. At liquid nitrogen temperature, the array shows lasing under continuous wave excitation at a threshold intensity of 500 W cm−2. The output power of the single mode laser line reaches values of 470 µW. Rate equation calculations indicate a quality factor of Q ≈ 1000. Investigations near threshold reveal that lasing starts from isolated islands within the pumped region before coherently merging into a single homogeneous area with increasing excitation power. This field emits a lasing mode with an average off‐normal angle of ≈6°. Single mode lasing with the nanoarray still attached to the InP substrate opens new design opportunities for electrically pumped PhC laser light sources.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Regioselective and Diastereoselective C‐Glycosylation by Allyl‐Allyl Coupling
Authors: Li Junhao , Zheng Nan , Duan Xuelun , Li Rui , Song Wangze 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA Pd‐catalyzed C‐glycosylation reaction was developed by allyl‐allyl coupling process using Achmatowicz rearrangement products as donors and methylcoumarins as acceptors under mild conditions. This method featured regio‐ and diastereoselectivities, stereodivergent synthesis of C‐glycosides. The glycosyl donors with controlled stereodiversity and glycosyl acceptors with fluorescent performace further highlighted this methodology.magnified image
Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Stabilized Arylzinc Iodide to Enones: an Improved Protocol of the Hayashi Reaction
Authors: Casotti Gianluca , Rositano Vincenzo , Iuliano Anna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractStabilised arylzinc iodide, prepared by direct insertion of zinc into aryl iodides, were used as nucleophiles in the Hayashi Rh‐catalysed enantioselective conjugate addition to enones. The reaction conditions were optimized in the addition of phenylzinc iodide to 2‐cyclohexen‐1‐one, obtaining good yields and 99% ee of the addition product. The general applicability of the protocol was checked using different arylzinc iodides and enones. Organometallic reagents endowed with both halogen and electrophilic groups were also successfully used.magnified image
Advancing Versatile Ferroelectric Materials Toward Biomedical Applications
Authors: Wang Wenjun , Li Jianhua , Liu Hong , Ge Shaohua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFerroelectric materials (FEMs), possessing piezoelectric, pyroelectric, inverse piezoelectric, nonlinear optic, ferroelectric‐photovoltaic, and many other properties, are attracting increasing attention in the field of biomedicine in recent years. Because of their versatile ability of interacting with force, heat, electricity, and light to generate electrical, mechanical, and optical signals, FEMs are demonstrating their unique advantages for biosensing, acoustics tweezer, bioimaging, therapeutics, tissue engineering, as well as stimulating biological functions. This review summarizes the current‐available FEMs and their state‐of‐the‐art fabrication techniques, as well as provides an overview of FEMs‐based applications in the field of biomedicine. Challenges and prospects for future development of FEMs for biomedical applications are also outlined.
Towards the Circular Economy: Converting Aromatic Plastic Waste Back to Arenes over a Ru/Nb2O5 Catalyst
Authors: Jing Yaxuan , Wang Yanqin , Furukawa Shinya , Xia Jie , Sun Chengyang , Hülsey Max J. , Wang Haifeng , Guo Yong , Liu Xiaohui , Yan Ning 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe upgrading of plastic waste is one of the grand challenges for the 21st century owing to its disruptive impact on the environment. Here, we show the first example of the upgrading of various aromatic plastic wastes with C−O and/or C−C linkages to arenes (75–85 % yield) via catalytic hydrogenolysis over a Ru/Nb2O5 catalyst. This catalyst not only allows the selective conversion of single‐component aromatic plastic, and more importantly, enables the simultaneous conversion of a mixture of aromatic plastic to arenes. The excellent performance is attributed to unique features including: (1) the small sized Ru clusters on Nb2O5, which prevent the adsorption of aromatic ring and its hydrogenation; (2) the strong oxygen affinity of NbOx species for C−O bond activation and Brønsted acid sites for C−C bond activation. This study offers a catalytic path to integrate aromatic plastic waste back into the supply chain of plastic production under the context of circular economy.
Enantioselective, Stereoconvergent Resolution Copolymerization of Racemic cis‐Internal Epoxides and Anhydrides
Authors: He Guang‐Hui , Ren Bai‐Hao , Chen Shi‐Yu , Liu Ye , Lu Xiao‐Bing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUnprecedented enantioselective resolution copolymerization of racemic cis‐internal epoxides and anhydrides was mediated by dinuclear aluminum complexes with multiple chirality, affording optically active polyesters with two contiguous stereogenic centers, and the unreacted substrates in good enantioselectivity. Unexpected stereoconvergence is observed in this resolution copolymerization, where the selectivity factor for the enantioselective formation of copolymer significantly exceeds the kinetic resolution coefficient based on the unreacted epoxide at various conversions. Catalytic activity and copolymer enantioselectivity are strongly influenced by the phenolate ortho‐substituents of the ligand set, as well as the axial linker and its chirality. An enantiopure binaphthol‐linked bimetallic AlIII complex allows stereoconvergent access to the stereoregular semi‐crystalline polyesters and a concomitant kinetic resolution of the epoxide substrates.
Ruthenaelectro‐Catalyzed Domino Three‐Component Alkyne Annulation for Expedient Isoquinoline Assembly
Authors: Tan Xuefeng , Hou Xiaoyan , Rogge Torben , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe electrochemical three‐component assembly of isoquinolines has been accomplished by ruthenaelectro‐catalyzed C−H/N−H functionalization. The robustness of the electrocatalysis was reflected by an ample substrate scope, an efficient electrooxidation, and an operationally friendly procedure. The isolation of key intermediates and detailed mechanistic studies, including unprecedented cyclovoltammetric analysis of a seven‐membered ruthenacycle, provided support for an unusual ruthenium(II/III/I) regime.