bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entropy generation analysis of Casson fluid flow through a vertical microchannel under combined effect of viscous dissipation, joule heating, hall effect and thermal radiation
Authors: Gireesha B.J. , Sindhu S. 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
Fully developed Casson fluid flow through vertical microchannel is deliberated in the presence of thermal radiation. The two predominant features of micro scale phenomenon such as velocity slip and temperature jump are considered. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
The governing equations of the physical phenomenon are solved using Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg fourth fifth order method.

Findings
The outcome of the present work is discussed through graphs. This computation shows that entropy generation rate decreases with enhancing wall ambient temperature difference ratio and fluid wall interaction parameter. Also, it is found that Bejan number is fully retarded with rise in fluid wall interaction parameter. Enhancement in heat transfer or Nusselt number is achieved by increasing the wall ambient temperature ratio and fluid wall interaction parameter.

Originality/value
Casson liquid flow through microchannel is analyzed by considering temperature jump and velocity slip. This computation shows that entropy generation rate decreases with enhancing wall ambient temperature difference ratio.
Carer needs on an organic inpatient unit
Authors: Clegg Jennifer , Craven-Staines Sarah 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to further understand the needs of carers when a relative with dementia is admitted to an organic impatient ward.Design/methodology/approachA constructivist grounded theory approach was employed to generate a substantive theory to understand the needs of carers and how staff perceive carer needs when a relative is admitted to a dementia ward. Five relatives and six members of staff were interviewed using purposive and theoretical sampling. Interview transcripts were analysed using initial, focused and theoretical coding using constant comparative methods to develop the end theory.FindingsThe grounded theory concluded that carers have three categories of needs: “The Safe and Cared for Relative”, “The Informed Carer and “The Understanding, Responsive and Available Service”. Underpinning the needs are the relationships between carers, their relative and staff. Three barriers were identified which can impact on these needs being effectively met. These identified barriers were: Loss, Time and Ineffective Communication.Originality/valueThe grounded theory demonstrates that carers needs fundamentally relate to their relatives being safe and cared for and being included and informed during the admission. Relationships can be ruptured when a barrier prevents the needs from being effectively met. Recommendations are made to aim to reduce the impact of the barriers and to aid staff in developing their understanding of the carer experience.
Creating play opportunities on the school playground: Educator experiences of the Sydney playground project
Authors: Sterman Julia , Villeneuve Michelle , Spencer Grace , Wyver Shirley , Beetham Kassia S. , Naughton Geraldine , Tranter Paul , Ragen Jo , Bundy Anita 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionChildren with disabilities often experience unsupportive environments that restrict their play opportunities and inclusion on the school playground. This exclusion can perpetuate inequities for children with disabilities, with lifelong implications. The Sydney Playground Project uses a simple, innovative intervention consisting of placing recycled materials on the playground and engaging parents and educators in risk reframing sessions to create increased playground choice, control, independence and inclusion for all children.MethodsThe purpose of this study was to learn from participants about the utility of the intervention for promoting choice and control among children with disability on the school playground. Data included evaluative interviews with 27 school staff (teaching assistants, teachers, therapists, school leadership) across five participating schools after completing of the intervention. Analysis was thematic and explored prominent ideas first within schools, and then between schools.ResultsPrior to the intervention, participating school staff focused on active supervision to support play and student needs. During the intervention, school staff experienced role shift and confusion as they allowed the children increased independence while using the recycled materials and learned to navigate how much independence to give the children. Children engaged in increased imaginative and social play, and school staff adopted higher expectations of children's capabilities.ConclusionInterventions such as the Sydney Playground Project that collaboratively shift adult perceptions to focus on the capabilities of children with disabilities and increase the supportiveness of the physical environment have great promise in increasing play choice and inclusion on the school playground.
Simple mass‐rearing technique of a predatory mite Gaeolaelaps aculeifer (Canestrini) (Acari: Laelapidae)
Authors: Hwang Hwal‐Su , Jung Duck‐Oung , Park Jihye , Lee Kyeong‐Yeoll 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe developed a simple mass‐rearing technique for a soil‐dwelling predatory mite Gaeolaelaps aculeifer. The rearing container consists of two (inner and outer) plastic boxes. The inner box contains rice husks, and is placed inside the outer box which contains a small amount of water. This system is useful to keep high humidity within the inner box and to prevent mites escaping from the box. The prey mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae was also reared in a similar way using rice bran and provided to G. aculeifer once a week. Rearing condition within the inner box were maintained at 25 ± 1°C, 95 ± 5% relative humidity. In this double box system, G. aculeifer was rapidly grown and overpopulated within two weeks while another predatory mite Stratiolaelaps scimitus require four weeks rearing period. This technique help farmers improve biological control efficacy of soil pests in greenhouse as well as open field cultivation.
The Jiangnan diet, a healthy diet pattern for Chinese
Authors: Wang Jiqiu , Lin Xu , Bloomgarden Zachary T. , Ning Guang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGeographically, the Qinling Mountain—Huai River line divides China into two parts, Northern and Southern. Surprisingly, the line also divides the high prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in Northern China from the low prevalence of Southern China. In past decades, the diet‐center hypothesis has gained much support from the apparent cardiometabolic disease‐protection effect of the Mediterranean diet. Questions include the following: Does the diet pattern explain the disease prevalence difference between two parts with similar genetic background? What kind of diet pattern is suitable for future national diet recommendation for Chinese, as the Mediterranean diet does for the Western countries? Here, we review the main healthy diet components, which the native inhabitants in the Yangtze River Delta region have eaten for several hundreds of years, and refer to this healthy diet as “Southern River (江南)‐style dietary pattern” or “Jiangnan Diet.”
Complete laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy for superior mesenteric artery syndrome: Linear stapled closure of the common enterotomy
Authors: Yoneda Akira , Kanetaka Kengo , Yamaguchi Shun , Koga Yoichi , Isagawa Yuriko , Maruya Yasuhiro , Inoue Yusuke , Torashima Yasuhiro , Adachi Tomohiko , Hidaka Masaaki , Kobayashi Kazuma , Ito Shinichiro , Eguchi Susumu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSuperior mesenteric artery syndrome can lead to duodenal obstruction due to vascular compression. We treated a patient with superior mesenteric artery syndrome by performing a complete laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy with a linear stapled closure of the common enterotomy. A 72‐year‐old woman presented with nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. CT revealed superior mesenteric artery syndrome. Conservative management was not effective. Because the patient required a surgical bypass for long‐term relief, a laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy was performed. In past cases, hand‐sewn sutures were made through a small incision to avoid stenosis when the common enterotomy was closed. For our patient, we closed the common enterotomy with a linear stapler in a complete laparoscopic maneuver. We performed the closure after placing several temporary sutures to minimize the amount of intestinal wall to be removed. Laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy is a minimally invasive procedure, and a linear stapled closure of a common enterotomy is a safe surgical technique that reduces invasiveness.
Forecasting the volatility of Bitcoin: The importance of jumps and structural breaks
Authors: Shen Dehua , Urquhart Andrew , Wang Pengfei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper studies the volatility of Bitcoin and determines the importance of jumps and structural breaks in forecasting volatility. We show the importance of the decomposition of realized variance in the in‐sample regressions using 18 competing heterogeneous autoregressive (HAR) models. In the out‐of‐sample setting, we find that the HARQ‐F‐J model is the superior model, indicating the importance of the temporal variation and squared jump components at different time horizons. We also show that HAR models with structural breaks outperform models without structural breaks across all forecasting horizons. Our results are robust to an alternative jump estimator and estimation method.
Discordance of hepatitis B vaccination policies for healthcare workers between the USA, the UK, and Germany
Authors: Komatsu Haruki , Klenerman Paul , Thimme Robert 
Published: December 2019

The hepatitis B (HB) vaccine is effective for the prevention of HB virus infection. It has been widely accepted that an anti‐HB surface antibody (HBs) level ≥10 mIU/mL is protective against HB virus infection. Although transient infection can occur in individuals who attain a peak level of anti‐HBs ≥10 mIU/mL after primary vaccination, long‐term follow‐up studies show that successful primary vaccination can prevent individuals from acute clinical hepatitis and chronic infection. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at‐risk individuals. Based on the accumulated data, the USA considers an anti‐HBs level ≥10 mIU/mL to constitute successful vaccination for HCWs. In contrast, because some anti‐HBs assays cannot accurately measure in the low anti‐HBs range, including 10 mIU/mL, the UK and Germany consider an anti‐HBs level ≥100 mIU/mL to constitute successful vaccination for HCWs. In the USA and UK, a booster dose is unnecessary for HCWs after successful vaccination. In Germany, anti‐HBs testing is recommended for HCWs who are at particularly high individual exposure risk 10 years after successful primary immunization, and a booster dose is offered if the anti‐HBs level has declined to ˂100 mIU/mL. The differences in the goal of HB vaccination, reliability of anti‐HBs assays, and use of booster vaccination cause discordance in HB vaccination policies for HCWs.
Viral and host factors are associated with retreatment failure in hepatitis C patients receiving all‐oral direct antiviral therapy
Authors: Mawatari Seiichi , Oda Kohei , Kumagai Kotaro , Tabu Kazuaki , Ijuin Sho , Fujisaki Kunio , Inada Yukiko , Uto Hirofumi , Saisyoji Akiko , Hiramine Yasunari , Hori Takeshi , Taniyama Ohki , Toyodome Ai , Sakae Haruka , Hashiguchi Masafumi , Kure Takeshi , Sakurai Kazuhiro , Tamai Tsutomu , Moriuchi Akihiro , Ido Akio 
Published: December 2019

AimDirect‐acting antiviral (DAA) therapy for hepatitis C virus is associated with high sustained virologic response rates. However, patients for whom DAA therapy fails acquire resistance‐associated substitutions (RASs). We therefore evaluated the efficacy of DAA retreatment and factors associated with retreatment failure.MethodsNon‐structural 5A RASs were investigated at the start of DAA therapy and at treatment failure in 64 patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1b for whom DAA combination therapy had failed. A total of 59 patients were introduced to DAA retreatment. The factors associated with retreatment failure were investigated.ResultsA total of 20 of 43 (46.5%) daclatasvir + asunaprevir‐treated patients with virologic failure had no RASs at baseline, and three (15%) acquired P32 deletion RASs. Four of seven sofosbuvir/ledipasvir‐treated patients with virologic failure had more than two RASs of NS5A at baseline. The sustained virologic response rates on retreatment were as follows: sofosbuvir/ledipasvir, 81.8%; with elbasvir + grazoprevir, 0%; and glecaprevir/pibrentasvir, 87.5%. Patients for whom sofosbuvir/ledipasvir or elbasvir + grazoprevir failed achieved sustained virologic response with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir. Two of three patients for whom glecaprevir/pibrentasvir retreatment failed had Q24/L28/R30 and A92K RASs; the other had P32 deletion RAS at baseline. Interestingly, 10 of 11 patients with retreatment failure had the interleukin (IL)‐28B single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) minor allele. A multivariate analysis showed that the IL28B SNP minor allele (P = 0.005, odds ratio 28.291) was an independent risk factor for retreatment failure.ConclusionsIn addition to viral factors (e.g. Q24, L28, R30, and A92 or P32 deletion RASs), host factors (e.g. IL28B SNP) are associated with DAA retreatment failure.
Exploratory research in alternative raw material sources and reformulation for industrial soda‐lime‐silica glass batches
Authors: Deng Wei , Spathi Charikleia , Coulbeck Teig , Erhan Kilinc , Backhouse Daniel , Marshall Martyn , Ireson Robert , Bingham Paul A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFor energy saving and CO2 emissions reduction, in addition to extending the range of suitable raw material sources for glass manufacture, compositional reformulation, and alternative raw materials have been studied in the context of industrial container and float‐type soda‐lime‐silica (SLS) glasses. Lithium, potassium, and boron were applied to modify benchmark glass compositions. Reformulation impacts on key glass properties including the viscosity‐temperature relationship, thermal expansion, liquidus temperature, forming behavior and color. Compared to the benchmark glass, representative of commercial SLS glasses, melting temperatures (taken as temperatures corresponding to log (viscosity/dPa·s) = 2) of reformulated glasses are reduced by 11°C‐55°C. Investigation of four industrial by‐products (seashell waste, eggshell waste, biomass ash, and rice husk ash), and their potential suitability as alternative glass batch raw materials, was also conducted. Seashell waste and biomass ash were successfully introduced into representative green glass formulations.
Influence of luting cement on the clinical outcomes of Zirconia pediatric crowns: A 3‐year split‐mouth randomized controlled trial
Authors: Azab Maha Moussa , Moheb Dalia Mohamed , El Shahawy Osama Ibrahim , Rashed Mervat Abdel‐Moniem 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is no scientific evidence supporting the choice of luting cement for cementation of zirconia crowns.AimThe purpose of this split‐mouth study was to compare the efficacy of using bioactive cement versus packable glass ionomer for cementation of posterior pediatric zirconia crowns.DesignFifty first mandibular primary molars were restored by zirconia crowns and were randomly divided to be luted with either (a) bioactive cement or (b) packable glass ionomer. Crowns’ retention, fracture, and gingival condition were evaluated at 1 week, and 1‐, 3‐, 6‐, 9‐, 12‐, 18‐, 24‐, and 36‐month intervals. Statistical analysis was carried out using Fisher's exact test, Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis, and Wilcoxon signed rank test.ResultsAt 3‐ to 36‐month follow‐ups, there were statistically significant (P = .009‐≤.001) less debonded crowns in packable glass ionomer group. There were no fractured crowns for either cements. There was no statistically significant difference between gingival index scores.ConclusionsPackable glass ionomer is more retentive than bioactive cement when used for cementing zirconia pediatric crowns. Posterior zirconia pediatric crowns have high fracture resistance after 36 months of clinical performance, irrespective of luting cement. Luting cement for zirconia pediatric crowns has no apparent effect on gingival condition around crowns.
Solution combustion synthesis of crystalline V2O3 and amorphous V2O3/C as anode for lithium‐ion battery
Authors: Wu Haoyang , Zhang Ziyue , Qin Mingli , Wang Qianyu , Cao Zhiqin , Yu Ying , Jia Baorui , Qu Xuanhui 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this paper, crystalline V2O3 and amorphous V2O3/C products are synthesized via one‐pot solution combustion synthesis (SCS) method (completed within 2 minutes). The characteristics of combustion products could be tuned by changing the amounts of glucose. The as‐synthesized crystalline V2O3 nanopowder consists of nanoparticles with average size of ~100 nm. Amorphous V2O3/C composite exhibits large porous microsheet structure in which oxygen vacancy‐enabled amorphous V2O3 particles are embedded into N‐doped carbon microsheets. The existence of oxygen vacancies can promote energetics for the transport of electrons and ions and maintain the integrity of sample surface morphology. Moreover, N‐doping can enhance electrical conductivity and promote the diffusion of electrons and lithium ions. Amorphous V2O3/C composite possesses high reversible capacity and superior cycling stability (833 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 250 cycles, 867 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 100 cycles), indicating its potential as excellent anode material for lithium‐ion battery. The proposed one‐step, time‐ and energy‐efficient SCS method has the potential to prepare other oxygen vacancy‐enabled transition metal oxides for energy storage.
RESERVOIR PROPERTIES OF BARREMIAN – APTIAN URGONIAN LIMESTONES, SE FRANCE, PART 1: INFLUENCE OF STRUCTURAL HISTORY ON POROSITY‐PERMEABILITY VARIATIONS
Authors: Cochard J. , Léonide P. , Borgomano J. , Guglielmi Y. , Massonnat G. , Rolando J‐P. , Marié L. , Pasquier A. 
Published: December 2019

Upper Barremian – Lower Aptian inner platform “Urgonian” limestones in the Mont de Vaucluse region, SE France, consist of alternating metre‐scale microporous and tight intervals. This paper focuses on the influence of structural deformation on the reservoir properties of the Urgonian limestone succession in a study area near the town of Rustrel. Petrographic, petrophysical and structural data were recovered from five fully‐cored boreholes, from the walls of a 100 m long underground tunnel, and from a 50 m long transect at a nearby outcrop. The data allowed reservoir property variations in the Urgonian limestones to be studied from core to reservoir scale.Eleven Reservoir Rock Types (RRTs) were identified based on petrographic features (texture, grain size), reservoir properties (porosity, permeability), and the frequency of structural discontinuities such as fractures, faults and stylolites. Tight and microporous reservoir rock types were distinguished. Tight reservoir rock types were characterised by early cementation of intergranular pore spaces and by the presence of frequent structural discontinuities. By contrast microporous reservoir rock types contained preserved intragranular microporosity and matrix permeability, but had very few structural discontinuities. Observed vertical alternations of microporous and tight rock types are interpreted to have been controlled by the early diagenesis of the Urgonian carbonates.Deformation associated with regional‐scale tectonic phases, including Albian – Cenomanian “Durancian” uplift (∼105 to 96 Ma) and Pyrenean compression (∼55 to 25 Ma), resulted in the modification of the initial petrophysical properties of the Urgonian limestones. An early diagenetic imprint conditioned both the intensity of structural deformations and the associated circulations of diagenetic and meteoric fluids. Evolution of the Reservoir Rock Types is therefore linked both to the depositional conditions and to subsequent phases of structural deformation.
Evaluating Travel Distance to Radiation Facilities Among Rural and Urban Breast Cancer Patients in the Medicare Population
Authors: Longacre Colleen F. , Neprash Hannah T. , Shippee Nathan D. , Tuttle Todd M. , Virnig Beth A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeThe distance patients travel for specialty care is an important barrier to health care access, particularly for those living in rural areas. This study characterizes the actual distance older breast cancer patients traveled to radiation treatment and the minimum distance necessary to reach radiation care, and examines whether any patient demographic or clinical factors are associated with greater travel distance.MethodsWe used data from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare database. Our cohort included 52,317 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2004 and 2013. Driving distances were calculated using Google Maps. We used generalized estimating equations to estimate associations between patient demographic and disease variables and travel distance.FindingsPatients living in rural areas traveled on average nearly 3 times as far as those from urban areas (40.8 miles vs 15.4 miles), and their nearest facility was more than 4 times farther away (21.9 miles vs 4.8 miles). Older age, being single or widowed, and lower household income were significantly associated with shorter actual travel distance, while increasing rurality was significantly associated with greater actual and minimum travel distance to radiation treatment. Disease severity (stage, grade, etc) was not significantly associated with actual or minimum travel distance.ConclusionsIn this insured population, travel distance to radiation facilities may pose a significant burden for breast cancer patients, particularly among those living in rural areas. Policymakers and patient advocates should explore service delivery models, reimbursement models, and social supports aimed at reducing the impact of travel to radiation treatment for breast cancer patients.
Unexpected side effects in biocrust after treating non‐native plants using carbon addition
Authors: Chiquoine Lindsay P. , Abella Scott R. , Greenwood Joshua L. , DeCorte Adria 
Published: December 2019

Carbon addition has been proposed as an alternative to herbicide and manual removal methods to treat non‐native plants and reduce non‐target effects of treatments (e.g. impacts on native plants; surface disturbance). On Mojave Desert pavement and biocrust substrates after experimental soil disturbance and carbon addition (1,263 g C/m2 as sucrose), we observed declines in lichens and moss cover in sucrose‐treated plots. To further explore this unforeseen potential side effect of using carbon addition as a non‐native plant treatment, we conducted biocrust surveys 5 and 7 years after treatments, sampled surface soils to observe if treatments additionally affected soil filamentous cyanobacteria, and conducted laboratory trials testing the effects of different levels of sucrose on cyanobacteria and desert mosses. Sucrose addition to biocrust plots reduced lichen and moss cover by 33–78% and species richness by 40–80%. Sucrose reduced biocrust cover in biocrust plots to levels similarly detected in pavement plots (<1%). While cyanobacteria in the field did not appear to be affected by sucrose, laboratory tests showed negative effects of sucrose on both cyanobacteria and mosses. Cyanobacteria declined by 41% 1 month after exposure to 5.4 g C/m2 equivalent solutions. We detected injury to photosynthesis in mosses after 96 hour exposure to 79–316 g C/m2 equivalent solutions. Caution is warranted when using carbon addition, at least in the form and concentration of sucrose, as a treatment for reducing non‐native plants on sites where conserving biocrust is a goal.