bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors associated with postoperative complications of free anterolateral thigh flap placement in patients with head and neck cancer: Analysis of propensity score‐matched cohorts
Authors: Lin Pi‐Chieh , Kuo Pao‐Jen , Kuo Spencer C. H. , Chien Peng‐Chen , Hsieh Ching‐Hua 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundFrom the perspective of a surgeon, knowledge of the operative risk factors that may affect postoperative outcomes is important in free anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap reconstruction for head and neck defects after tumor ablation. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the surgical intervention factors related to postoperative complications in a propensity score matched patient population.Patients and MethodsA total of 1,284 head and neck cancer patients who received free ALT flap repair over a 9‐year period from March 1, 2008, to February 28, 2017, at a single medical center were selected and divided into two groups (without complications, n = 845 and with complications, n = 439) according to the presence or absence of complications at the recipient site. Complications were defined as the detection of hematoma, surgical site infection, partial flap loss, oral fistula formation, flap partial necrosis, and flap loss. Well‐balanced propensity score‐matched cohorts with 292 patients each were created using the 1:1 Greedy algorithm, with adjustment for significant baseline patient characteristics.ResultsThe patients with postoperative complications had a higher proportion of individuals with betel nut chewing (91.8% vs. 86.6%, p = .008), diabetes mellitus (23.0% vs. 17.8%, p = .029), and preoperative chemotherapy (31.7% vs. 25.3%, p = .019), and higher serum creatinine levels (median [Q1–Q3]: 0.92 [0.80–1.07] vs. 0.89 [0.77–1.06], p = .008) and lower serum albumin levels (4.2 [3.9–4.5] vs. 4.3 [4.1–4.5], p < .001) than those without postoperative complications. Individual operator (p < .001), the length of flap (20 [15–23] cm vs. 20 [15–25] cm, p < .001), operative time (6.9 hr [5.7–8.3 hr] vs. 7.3 hr [5.9–8.7 hr], p = .001), operation start time (p = .003), and units of transfused packed red blood cells (0.0 [0.0–0.0] units vs. 0.0 [0.0–2.0] units, p < .001) were the factors significantly associated with the occurrence of postoperative complications. However, in the matched patient cohorts, individual operator (p = .003), flap length (18 [15–22] cm vs. 20 [15–25] cm, p < .001) and length‐to‐width ratio (2.6 [2.0–3.3] vs. 3.0 [2.5–3.6], p < .001), and operative time (6.9 hr [5.7–8.3 hr] vs. 7.2 hr [5.9–8.7 hr], p = .019) were associated with the occurrence of postoperative complications, but the operation start time (p = .285) and units of transfused packed red blood cells (p = .917) were not.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated in matched patient cohorts that individual operator, flap size, and operative time were associated with postoperative complications of free ALT flap reconstruction in patients with head and neck cancer. To reduce the postoperative complication rate, this study implies the importance of length and length‐to‐width ratio in harvesting the flap, and meanwhile the surgeon experience in free‐flap reconstruction.
Arachidonic acid alleviates the detrimental effects of acetylsalicylic acid on human granulosa cells performance in vitro
Authors: Khajeh Masoumeh , Nouri Mohammad , Ghasemzadeh Aalie , Mehdizadeh Amir , Shanehbandi Dariush , Yousefi Soudabe , Darabi Masoud , Rahbarghazi Reza 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHere, we investigated the biological effects of arachidonic acid (AA) in human cumulus granulosa cells (CGCs) after exposure to ASA. Cells were isolated from the follicular fluid and incubated with 0.5 mM acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and 50 µM AA. Cell viability was analyzed by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. E2 and P4 levels were measured by chemiluminescence assay. Expression of genes including CYP19A1, FACN, and SCD1 was measured by real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay. Oxidative status was analyzed by monitoring glutathione peroxidase activity. The fatty acid profile was analyzed by the gas chromatography technique. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in CGCs after exposure to ASA and AA. Protein levels of the estrogen receptor were studied by immunofluorescence staining. Ultrastructural changes were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy imaging. ASA treatment reduced E2 production, Cyp19a1 expression, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and estradiol receptor expression in CGCs. The addition of AA prevented the ASA‐induced E2 reduction (p < .05) and expression of Cyp19a1. Moreover, AA increased the antioxidant capacity of CGCs exposed to ASA by promoting GPx activity (p < .05). AA increased monounsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid ratio compared with the ASA group (p < .05). AA supplementation triggered the synthesis and secretion of PGE2 in ASA‐treated CGCS (p < .05). Cytoplasmic vacuolation observed in the ASA group and treatment with AA intensified vacuolation rate. The expression of the estrogen receptor was increased after AA supplementation. Data demonstrated that AA decreased the detrimental effects of ASA on human CGCs after 72 hr.
Time‐Restricted Eating Effects on Body Composition and Metabolic Measures in Humans who are Overweight: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Chow Lisa S. , Manoogian Emily N. C. , Alvear Alison , Fleischer Jason G. , Thor Honoree , Dietsche Katrina , Wang Qi , Hodges James S. , Esch Nicholas , Malaeb Samar , Harindhanavudhi Tasma , Nair K. Sreekumaran , Panda Satchidananda , Mashek Douglas G. 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveIn contrast to intentionally restricting energy intake, restricting the eating window may be an option for treating obesity. By comparing time‐restricted eating (TRE) with an unrestricted (non‐TRE) control, it was hypothesized that TRE facilitates weight loss, alters body composition, and improves metabolic measures.MethodsParticipants (17 women and 3 men; mean [SD]: 45.5 [12.1] years; BMI 34.1 [7.5] kg/m2) with a prolonged eating window (15.4 [0.9] hours) were randomized to TRE (n = 11: 8‐hour window, unrestricted eating within window) versus non‐TRE (n = 9: unrestricted eating) for 12 weeks. Weight, body composition (dual x‐ray absorptiometry), lipids, blood pressure, 2‐hour oral glucose tolerance, 2‐week continuous glucose monitoring, and 2‐week physical activity (actigraphy assessed) were measured during the pre‐ and end‐intervention periods.ResultsThe TRE group significantly reduced the eating window (end‐intervention window: 9.9 [2.0] hours) compared with the non‐TRE group (end‐intervention window: 15.1 [1.1] hours) (P < 0.01). Compared with non‐TRE, TRE decreased the number of eating occasions, weight, lean mass, and visceral fat (all P ≤ 0.05). Compared with preintervention measures, the TRE group reduced the number of eating occasions (−21.9% [30.1%]) and reduced weight (−3.7% [1.8%]), fat mass (−4% [2.9%]), lean mass (−3.0% [2.7%]), and visceral fat (−11.1% [13.4%]) (all P ≤ 0.05). Physical activity and metabolic measures remained unchanged.ConclusionsIn the setting of a randomized trial, TRE presents a simplified view of food intake that reduces weight.
Upper and Lower Extremity Measurement of Tissue Sodium and Fat Content in Patients with Lipedema
Authors: Crescenzi Rachelle , Donahue Paula M.C. , Petersen Kalen J. , Garza Maria , Patel Niral , Lee Chelsea , Beckman Joshua A. , Donahue Manus J. 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to compare tissue sodium and fat content in the upper and lower extremities of participants with lipedema versus controls using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsMRI was performed at 3.0 T in females with lipedema (n = 15, age = 43.2 ± 10.0 years, BMI = 30.3 ± 4.4 kg/m2) and controls without lipedema (n = 14, age = 42.8 ± 13.2 years, BMI = 28.8 ± 4.4 kg/m2). Participants were assessed for pain and disease stage. Sodium MRI was performed in the forearm and calf to quantify regional tissue sodium content (TSC, mmol/L). Chemical‐shift–encoded water‐fat MRI was performed in identical regions for measurement of fat/water (ratio).ResultsIn the calf, skin TSC (16.3 ± 2.6 vs. 14.4 ± 2.2 mmol/L, P = 0.04), muscle TSC (20.3 ± 3.0 vs. 18.3 ± 1.7 mmol/L, P = 0.03), and fat/water (1.03 ± 0.37 vs. 0.56 ± 0.21 ratio, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in participants with lipedema versus control participants. In the forearm, skin TSC (13.4 ± 3.3 vs. 12.0 ± 2.3 mmol/L, P = 0.2, Cohen’s d = 0.50) and fat/water (0.65 ± 0.24 vs. 0.48 ± 0.24 ratio, P = 0.07, Cohen’s d = 0.68) demonstrated moderate effect sizes in participants with lipedema versus control participants. Calf skin TSC was significantly correlated with pain (Spearman’s rho = 0.55, P = 0.03) and disease stage (Spearman’s rho = 0.82, P < 0.001) among participants with lipedema.ConclusionsMRI‐measured tissue sodium and fat content are significantly higher in the lower extremities, but not upper extremities, of patients with lipedema compared with BMI‐matched controls.
Plasma‐initiated chemical vapour deposition of organosiloxane thin films: From the growth mechanisms to ultrathin low‐k polymer insulating layers
Authors: Abessolo Ondo Dominique , Leturcq Renaud , Boscher Nicolas D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe growth mechanisms of low dielectric constant polymer thin films elaborated from the atmospheric‐pressure plasma‐initiated chemical vapour deposition (AP‐PiCVD) reaction of a cyclic vinyl organosiloxane are experimentally elucidated in this study. The use of ultrashort plasma pulses (ca. 100 ns), as a polymerisation initiator, with long plasma off‐times results in the formation of atomically smooth thin films. The increase of the monomer saturation ratio, PM/Psat, results in an increase in the growth rate and a better retention of the cyclic structure of the monomer, promoting lower dielectric constants. Based on this experimental study, guidelines are provided to determine the optimal process window for the AP‐PiCVD of functional polymer thin films.
Identification of hydrogen bonds using quantum electrodynamics
Authors: Senami Masato , Ito Keito 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA method for the identification of hydrogen bonds was investigated from the viewpoint of the stress tensor density proposed by Tachibana and following other works in this field. Hydrogen bonds are known to exhibit common features with ionic and covalent bonds. In quantum electrodynamics, the covalent bond has been demonstrated to display a spindle structure of the stress tensor density. Importantly, this spindle structure is also seen in the hydrogen bond, although the covalency is considerably weaker than in a typical covalent bond. Distinguishing it from the ionic bond is most imperative for the identification of the hydrogen bond. In the present study, the directionality of the hydrogen bond is investigated as the ionic bond is nearly isotropic, while the hydrogen bond exhibits the directionality. It was demonstrated that the hydrogen bond can be distinguished from the ionic bond using the angle dependence of the largest eigenvalue of the stress tensor density.
Enhanced Piezo‐Photoelectric Catalysis with Oriented Carrier Migration in Asymmetric Au−ZnO Nanorod Array
Authors: Xiang Deli , Liu Zhirong , Wu Mengqi , Liu Huanhuan , Zhang Xiaodi , Wang Zhuo , Wang Zhong Lin , Li Linlin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCurrent photocatalytic semiconductors often have low catalytic performance due to limited light utilization and fast charge carrier recombination. Formation of Schottky junction between semiconductors and plasmonic metals can broaden the light absorption and facilitate the photon‐generated carriers separation. To further amplify the catalytic performance, herein, an asymmetric gold‐zinc oxide (Asy‐Au−ZnO) nanorod array is rationally designed, which realizes the synergy of piezocatalysis and photocatalysis, as well as spatially oriented electron−hole pairs separation, generating a significantly enhanced catalytic performance. In addition to conventional properties from noble metal/semiconductor Schottky junction, the rationally designed heterostructure has several additional advantages: 1) The piezoelectric ZnO under light and mechanical stress can directly generate charge carriers; 2) the Schottky barrier can be reduced by ZnO piezopotential to enhance the injection efficiency of hot electrons from Au nanoparticles to ZnO; 3) the unique asymmetric nanorod array structure can achieve a spatially directed separation and migration of the photon‐generated carriers. When ultrasound and all‐spectrum light irradiation are exerted simultaneously, the Asy‐Au−ZnO reaches the highest catalytic efficiency of 95% in 75 min for dye degradation. It paves a new pathway for designing unique asymmetric nanostructures with the synergy of photocatalysis and piezocatalysis.
Transcatheter Arterial Embolization in the Treatment of Abdominal Bleeding in Patients Being Treated with Open Abdomen Due to Duodenal Fistula
Authors: Yao Zheng , Tian Weiliang , Xu Xin , Zhao Risheng , Huang Ming , Zhao Yunzhao , Chen Xinhao 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in treatment of abdominal bleeding in patients being treated with open abdomen due to duodenal fistula.
MethodsThis was a retrospective study performed at our center. From January 2005 to November 2010, all patients with abdominal bleeding were treated with surgical hemostasis (SH) and included in SH group. From January 2012 to December 2018, all patients with a bleeding were treated with TAE and included in the TAE group. Clinical data were reviewed and compared between the two groups. The effect of TAE in the management of abdominal bleeding was evaluated.ResultsA total of 131 patients were enrolled, and there were 64 in the SH group and 67 in the TAE group. The success rate of hemostasis was higher in the TAE group (89.55% vs. 73.44%, adjusted OR = 4.065, 95% CI 1.336–12.336, P = 0.013). Moreover, the recognition rate of hemorrhagic vessels in the TAE group was higher (91.04 vs. 51.56; P < 0.001). The re‐bleeding occurred in 20 patients, 7(11.67%) in the TAE group and 13(27.66%) in the SH group. The re‐bleeding rate in SH group was higher (adjusted HR = 2.564, 95% CI 1.023–6.428, P = 0.045)ConclusionsTAE is an effective method in treatment of abdominal bleeding in patients being treated with open abdomen due to duodenal fistula.
Tetraspanins: integrating cell surface receptors to functional microdomains in homeostasis and disease
Authors: Kummer Daniel , Steinbacher Tim , Schwietzer Mariel Flavia , Thölmann Sonja , Ebnet Klaus 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTetraspanins comprise a family of proteins embedded in the membrane through four transmembrane domains. One of the most distinctive features of tetraspanins is their ability to interact with other proteins in the membrane using their extracellular, transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, allowing them to incorporate several proteins into clusters called tetraspanin-enriched microdomains. The spatial proximity of signaling proteins and their regulators enables a rapid functional cross-talk between these proteins, which is required for a rapid translation of extracellular signals into intracellular signaling cascades. In this article, we highlight a few examples that illustrate how tetraspanin-mediated interactions between cell surface proteins allow their functional cross-talk to regulate intracellular signaling.
Adipositas, metabolische Komorbiditäten und Mikrobiommodulation in der Pädiatrie
Authors: Weghuber D. 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Prävalenz der Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter hat sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten vervielfacht. Damit verbunden ist eine steigende Prävalenz assoziierter „nichtübertragbarer Krankheiten“, die ein erhöhtes und frühzeitiges Mortalitätsrisiko mit sich bringen.Die Vielfalt und eine spezifische Zusammensetzung des Mikrobioms sind mit Adipositas und metabolischen Komorbiditäten assoziiert. In den ersten 3 Lebensjahren haben Umwelteinflüsse wie die maternale Gesundheit und Ernährung während der Schwangerschaft, der Geburtsmodus, die Art der neonatalen und frühkindlichen Ernährung sowie Antibiotikatherapien prägende Einflüsse auf das kindliche Darmmikrobiom.An Konzepten zur gezielten therapeutischen Modulation des Darmmikrobiom durch Prä‑, Pro- und Synbiotika wird gearbeitet. Spezifische Bakterienklassen wie Verrucomicrobiae scheinen sich metabolisch günstig, andere Stämme wie Proteobacteria ungünstig auszuwirken. Kurzkettige Fettsäuren dienen als wesentliche Mediatoren für die Regulation der intestinalen Permeabilität, der Entzündungskontrolle, des Gallensäuremetabolismus und assoziierter immunologischer Prozesse. Schwangerschaft und Säuglingsalter stellen attraktive Zeitfenster für eine Modifikation des Darmmikrobioms im Rahmen gezielter Ernährungsinterventionen dar, sei es durch Ernährungsumstellung oder Supplementation mit Pro- oder Präbiotika. Gegenwärtig mangelt es noch an qualitativ hochwertigen Studien mit Kindern, um klare Schlüsse ziehen oder gar Therapieempfehlungen für Prä‑, Pro- und Synbiotika aussprechen zu können.
Recent advances in radiotracers targeting norepinephrine transporter: structural development and radiolabeling improvements
Authors: Chen Xinyu , Kudo Takashi , Lapa Constantin , Buck Andreas , Higuchi Takahiro 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe norepinephrine transporter (NET) is a major target for the evaluation of the cardiac sympathetic nerve system in patients with heart failure and Parkinson's disease. It is also used in the therapeutic applications against certain types of neuroendocrine tumors, as exemplified by the clinically used 123/131I-MIBG as theranostic single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) agent. With the development of more advanced positron emission tomography (PET) technology, more radiotracers targeting NET have been reported, with superior temporal and spatial resolutions, along with the possibility of functional and kinetic analysis. More recently, fluorine-18-labelled NET tracers have drawn increasing attentions from researchers, due to their longer radiological half-life relative to carbon-11 (110 min vs. 20 min), reduced dependence on on-site cyclotrons, and flexibility in the design of novel tracer structures. In the heart, certain NET tracers provide integral diagnostic information on sympathetic innervation and the nerve status. In the central nervous system, such radiotracers can reveal NET distribution and density in pathological conditions. Most radiotracers targeting cardiac NET-function for the cardiac application consistent of derivatives of either norepinephrine or MIBG with its benzylguanidine core structure, e.g. 11C-HED and 18F-LMI1195. In contrast, all NET tracers used in central nervous system applications are derived from clinically used antidepressants. Lastly, possible applications of NET as selective tracers over organic cation transporters (OCTs) in the kidneys and other organs controlled by sympathetic nervous system will also be discussed.
Multinational investments across Europe: a multilevel analysis
Authors: Kleineick Jonas , Ascani Andrea , Smit Martijn 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis research focuses on the investigation of the location determinants of multinational corporations’ investments in EU countries. Investment projects are addressed by making a distinction between greenfield investments and M&A projects. Besides traditional factors (such as market characteristics) the effect of innovation capabilities and the institutional environment are incorporated in the analysis. The use of a multilevel model makes it possible to empirically assess the effect of national and regional characteristics on the location decision of multinationals. The results suggest that greenfield investments and M&A are similar in their location determinants, although the former have a stronger correlation with highly educated populations. Urbanisation, associated with land cost, as well as national (rather than regional) markets are insignificant. Finally, we find no evidence for the importance of political stability within Europe.
Transcranial sonography changes in heterozygotic carriers of the ATP7B gene
Authors: Skowronska Marta , Litwin Tomasz , Kurkowska-Jastrzębska Iwona , Członkowska Anna 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Wilson’s disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of ATP7B gene leading to impaired copper metabolism. Brain imaging, such as magnetic resonance (MR) and transcranial sonography (TCS) in WD patients, shows changes mostly in the basal ganglia. Heterozygotic carriers of one faulty ATP7B gene should not exhibit symptoms of WD, but one in three heterozygotes has copper metabolism abnormalities. This study examined heterozygote ATP7B mutation carriers using TCS to assess any basal ganglia changes compared with healthy controls.

Methods
Heterozygote carriers and healthy volunteers underwent the same standard MR and TCS imaging protocols. Heterozygotes were followed for 5 years and monitored for the development of neurological symptoms.

Results
The study assessed 34 heterozygotes (21 women), with mean age of 43 years (range of 18 to 74 years) and 18 healthy controls (13 women), with mean age of 47 years (range of 20 to 73 years). Bilateral lenticular nucleus (LN) hyperechogenicity was found in 25 heterozygotes, but none of the controls (p < 0.001). Bilateral substantia nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity was found in 8 heterozygotes and one control; another 3 heterozygotes had unilateral SN hyperechogenicity (p = 0.039 for the right; p = 0.176 for the left). Heterozygotes had larger SN area on both sides compared with controls (p = 0.005 right; p = 0.008 left).

Conclusions
SN and LN hyperechogenicity were more frequent in heterozygotes than in controls, probably due to copper accumulation, but it remains unknown if this predisposes to brain neurodegeneration.
Raftlin is recruited by neuropilin-1 to the activated VEGFR2 complex to control proangiogenic signaling
Authors: Bayliss Asha L. , Sundararaman Ananthalakshmy , Granet Camille , Mellor Harry 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) is the major pro-angiogenic receptor in endothelial cells. Compared to other members of the receptor tyrosine kinase family, we know relatively few VEGFR2 signaling partners. Our objective was to use mass spectrometry-based proteomics to identify novel binding partners of activated VEGFR2.

Methods
We created an endothelial cell line stably expressing GFP-tagged VEGFR2 and isolated activated receptor complexes. Analysis by mass spectrometry identified raftlin as a novel binding partner of VEGFR2.

Results
We found that raftlin is recruited to the activated VEGFR2 complex via the co-receptor Nrp1 (neuropilin-1). We show that raftlin regulates the surface levels of Nrp1 in endothelial cells, controlling the availability of Nrp1 for VEGFR2 interaction. Raftlin stabilizes active VEGFR2 at the cell surface by inhibiting endocytosis of the activated receptor. Raftlin also promotes recycling of internalized VEGFR2 to the cell surface. Raftlin alters the signaling outcomes of VEGFR2 activation, inhibiting the activation of p38 and FAK (focal adhesion kinases) specifically. Both pathways are linked to cell migration in endothelial cells, and raftlin inhibits endothelial cell migration in response to VEGF.

Conclusion
Nrp1 is an important co-receptor for VEGFR2; however, its functions are still only partially understood. We show that raftlin works with Nrp1 in endothelial cells to control intracellular trafficking of the activated VEGFR2. This modulates the response to VEGF and controls endothelial cell migration.