bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicidal thinking and behaviours in First Episode Psychosis: Findings from a 3‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Pelizza Lorenzo , Pompili Maurizio , Azzali Silvia , Paterlini Federica , Garlassi Sara , Scazza Ilaria , Chiri Luigi Rocco , Poletti Michele , Pupo Simona , Raballo Andrea 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimSuicide risk is greater at the beginning of the course of psychosis. Purpose of this research was: (a) to investigate prevalence and incidence rates of suicide attempts, suicidal thinking and completed suicide in First Episode Psychosis (FEP) help‐seekers as compared with non‐FEP help‐seeking peers, and (b) to examine any correlation of suicidal ideation with other baseline psychopathological predictors.MethodsTwo hundred and forty‐one young people (13‐35 years) were assessed with the World Health Organization Quality Of Life scale ‐ Brief version (WHOQOL‐BREF), the Beck Depression Inventory ‐ II Edition (BDI‐II) and the Comprehensive Assessment of At‐Risk Mental States (CAARMS) at the enrollment and over a 36‐month follow‐up period. A Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis to calculate cumulative incidence rates of attempted and completed suicide was used.ResultsFEP patients showed more severe levels of CAARMS “Suicidality/Self‐Harm” item than non‐FEP peers. They also had higher 3‐year incidence rates of attempted suicide (11%) and completed suicide (13%). Within the FEP total group, suicidal ideation was positively correlated with BDI‐II and CAARMS “Perceptual Abnormalities” item scores, and showed negative associations with younger age and WHOQOL‐BREF “Social Relationships” factor sub‐score.ConclusionsSuicidal ideation is relevant in FEP patents, supporting the routine monitoring of suicide risk in baseline assessment of adolescents and young adults with early psychosis. Suicidal thinking seems to be correlated to younger age, perceptual aberrations and depression severity, as well as to poorer quality of social relationships.
Where and why? Bees, snail shells and climate: Distribution of Rhodanthidium (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Romero Daniel , Ornosa Concepción , Vargas Pablo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSpecies distribution patterns are widely studied through species distribution models (SDMs), focusing mostly on climatic variables. Joint species distribution models (JSDMs) allow inferring if other factors (biotic interactions, shared phylogenetic history or other unmeasured variables) can also have an influence on species distribution. We identified current distributional areas and optimal suitability areas of three species of the solitary snail‐shell bee Rhodanthidium (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), and their host gastropod species in the Iberian Peninsula. We undertook SDMs using Maxent software, based on presence points and climatic variables. We also undertook JSDMs for the bees and the snails to infer if co‐occurrence could be a result of biotic interactions. We found that the three bee species: (1) use at least five different species of Mediterranean snails; (2) use empty shells not only for nesting but also for sheltering when there is adverse weather and during the night; (3) have their most suitable areas in the eastern and southern Iberian Peninsula, mostly on limestone areas; and (4) have their optimal range under Mediterranean climatic values for the studied variables. There is positive co‐occurrence of Rhodanthidium with the gastropod species, especially with the snail Sphincterochila candidissima. The contribution of the environmental component to the co‐occurrence is less than that of the residual component in those cases, suggesting that: (i) the use of biotic resources (between Rhodanthidium and the gastropod species); (ii) shared phylogenetic history (between R. septemdentatum and R. sticticum); or (iii) unmeasured variables are largely responsible for co‐occurrence.
pCREB expression in human tissues from epilepsy surgery
Authors: De Santis Dalia , Rossini Laura , Tassi Laura , Didato Giuseppe , Tringali Giovanni , Cossu Massimo , Bramerio Manuela , Padelli Francesco , Regondi Maria Cristina , Colciaghi Francesca , Aronica Eleonora , Spreafico Roberto , Garbelli Rita 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveActivity‐dependent changes have been reported in animal models and in human epileptic specimens and could potentially be used as tissue biomarkers to evaluate the propensity of a tissue to generate seizure activity. In this context, cAMP‐response element binding protein (CREB) activation was specifically reported in human epileptic foci and related mainly to interictal spike activity. To get further insights into CREB activation in human epilepsy, we analyzed pCREB expression on brain tissue samples from patients who underwent surgery for drug‐resistant focal epilepsy, correlating this expression with intracranial stereo–electroencephalography (SEEG) recording in a subgroup.MethodsNeocortical specimens from patients with neuropathological diagnosis of no lesion (cryptogenic), malformations of cortical development,mainly type II focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), and hippocampi with and without hippocampal sclerosis have been analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Peritumoral cortex from non‐epileptic patients and autoptic samples were used as controls, whereas rat brains were used to test possible loss of pCREB antigenicity due to fixation procedures and postmortem delay.ResultspCREB was consistently expressed in layer II neuronal nuclei in regions with normal cortical lamination both in epileptic and non‐epileptic surgical tissues. In patients with SEEG recordings, this anatomical pattern was unrelated to the presence of interictal spike activity. Conversely, in the core of type II FCD, as well as in other developmental malformations, pCREB was scattered without any laminar specificity. Furthermore, quantitative data did not reveal significant differences between epileptic and non‐epileptic tissues, except for an increased immunoreactivity in the core of type IIB FCD lesion related mainly to reactive glial and balloon cells.SignificanceThe present data argue against the reliability of pCREB immunohistochemistry as a marker of epileptic focus but underscores its layer‐related expression, suggesting a potential application in the study of malformations of cortical development, a wide range of diseases arising from perturbations of normal brain development.
Characterisation of melanoidins derived from Brewers' spent grain: new insights into their structure and antioxidant activity
Authors: Patrignani Mariela , González‐Forte Lucía del Sol 
Published: May 2020

SummaryMelanoidins, formed at the final stages of Maillard reaction (MR), present important physiological activities, but their structure and reaction pathways are largely unknown in real food systems. In the present work, these bioactive compounds derived from Brewers' spent grain (BSG) with different roasting degrees were analysed. Results showed that BSG could be considered a more important source of bioavailable antioxidants than what it was reported in previous studies. During MR development, proteinic structures are partially lost while a carbohydrate skeleton is formed. The crystallinity is reduced and the structure sets into a conformation with a peak centred at 20° (2θ), stable with the increasing thermal treatment. While MR continues the development of browning compounds increases, the antioxidant activity rises and phenolic compounds are bind to the melanoidin structure (P ≤ 0.05). Moreover, FTIR analysis showed a dominance of α‐glyosidic linkage and the presence of furanose rings in the melanoidins structure.
Mutant specific anti calreticulin antibody (CAL2) immunohistochemistry as a screening test for calreticulin (CALR) mutation testing
Authors: Rahman Khaliqur , Chandra Dinesh , Singh Manish Kumar , Gupta Ruchi , Sharma Akhilesh , Paul Pradeep , Kumar Sanjeev , Sharma Seema , Nityanand Soniya 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAbout 50 different CALR frameshift mutations have been identified in BCR‐ABL1 negative MPN, all leading to the development of common new protein C terminus. Antibody targeting this terminal epitope can be useful to identify this driver mutation using immunohistochemistry.Materials and MethodsCALR mutation analysis was carried out in 51 JAK2V617F negative cases, PMF (n = 22) and ET (n = 29). PCR followed by fragment analysis was performed for molecular detection of CALR mutation. Bone marrow biopsy specimens of corresponding patients were subjected to IHC using mutation specific antibody CAL2. Staining pattern and intensity were observed. Staining of <2% of background nonmegakaryocytic (non‐ MK) cells were regarded as Pattern A, while staining of more than 2% of background nonmegakaryocytic (non‐MK) was regarded as pattern B.ResultsCALR mutation was noted in 40.9% (9/22) and 41.4% (12/29) of JAK2V617F negative PMF and ET, respectively. All CALR mutated cases, irrespective of the mutation type, showed a positive IHC staining in the megakaryocytes with moderate to bright intensity. All CALR wild‐type cases were negative on IHC. (Concordance rate‐ 100%). Pattern A was noted in 40% cases, while pattern B was noted in 60% cases. Pattern A staining had significantly higher chances of having type 1 mutation as compared to pattern B. In contrast, pattern B had a nonsignificant trend toward higher bone marrow cellularity and marrow fibrosis.ConclusionCAL2 IHC detects all types of CALR mutation. This can act as a sensitive, specific, rapid, and cost‐effective screening test for CALR mutation analysis.
Beyond the moment: Influence of a co‐facilitated education intervention on practitioners’ recovery beliefs and practices
Authors: Higgins Agnes , Murphy Rebecca , Downes Carmel , Barry Jennifer , Monahan Mark , Doyle Louise , Gibbons Patrick 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDespite health policy and research increasingly advocating for recovery‐enabling principles to be better integrated into mental health services, finding solutions to enhance the translation of recovery policy into practice remains a challenge. This study sought to understand whether a co‐facilitated group education intervention for service users and family members reached beyond the intervention and impacted the everyday recovery promoting beliefs and practices of the practitioners involved and the wider organization. The study employed a qualitative design involving semi‐structured interviews with a purposively selected sample of 28 participants (mental health nurses and other members of the multidisciplinary team) who were involved in delivering the intervention. Data were analysed using thematic analysis, with the assistance of NVivo. Participants reported that not only did involvement with the programmes help them reconnect with the contextual realities of service user and family members lived experience, but it enabled them to move beyond traditional power relationships and pathologizing discourses. Having engaged with and experienced the feasibility and positive impact of the co‐facilitation process practitioners’ self‐efficacy around partnership working and co‐production was enhanced. In addition, those involved demonstrated a willingness to challenge paternalistic practices and advocate for the perspectives of service users and families to be further embedded within the organizational infrastructure and operational spaces. Providing mental health practitioners with real‐life examples of partnership working and peer support in action within a co‐facilitated psychoeducation context has potential to be a forum for promoting second‐order change around recovery‐oriented practice within mental health services.
Bioinformatics analysis of the biological changes involved in the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Fan Tingyu , Qu Rongmei , Yu Qinghe , Sun Bing , Jiang Xin , Yang Yuchao , Huang Xiaolan , Zhou Zhitao , Ouyang Jun , Zhong Shizhen , Dai Jingxing 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe mechanisms underlying the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) remain unclear. In the present study, we aimed to identify the key biological processes during osteogenic differentiation. To this end, we downloaded three microarray data sets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database: GSE12266, GSE18043 and GSE37558. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the limma package, and enrichment analysis was performed. Protein‐protein interaction network (PPI) analysis and visualization analysis were performed with STRING and Cytoscape. A total of 240 DEGs were identified, including 147 up‐regulated genes and 93 down‐regulated genes. Functional enrichment and pathways of the present DEGs include extracellular matrix organization, ossification, cell division, spindle and microtubule. Functional enrichment analysis of 10 hub genes showed that these genes are mainly enriched in microtubule‐related biological changes, that is sister chromatid segregation, microtubule cytoskeleton organization involved in mitosis, and spindle microtubule. Moreover, immunofluorescence and Western blotting revealed dramatic quantitative and morphological changes in the microtubules during the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose‐derived stem cells. In summary, the present results provide novel insights into the microtubule‐ and cytoskeleton‐related biological process changes, identifying candidates for the further study of osteogenic differentiation of the mesenchymal stem cells.
Crosstalk between Akt and NF‐κB pathway mediates inhibitory effect of gas6 on monocytes‐endothelial cells interactions stimulated by P. gingivalis‐LPS
Authors: Wang Xuekui , Liu Yingjun , Zhang Shengnan , Ouyang Xiangying , Wang Yuguang , Jiang Yong , An Na 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCorrelation between periodontitis and atherosclerosis is well established, and the inherent mechanisms responsible for this relationship remain unclear. The biological function of growth arrest‐specific 6 (gas6) has been discovered in both atherosclerosis and inflammation. Inhibitory effects of gas6 on the expression of inflammatory factors in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) stimulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P. gingivalis‐LPS) were reported in our previous research. Herein, the effects of gas6 on monocytes‐endothelial cells interactions in vitro and their probable mechanisms were further investigated. Gas6 protein in HUVECs was knocked down with siRNA or overexpressed with plasmids. Transwell inserts and co‐culturing system were introduced to observe chemotaxis and adhering affinity between monocytes and endothelial cells in vitro. Expression of gas6 was decreased in inflammatory periodontal tissues and HUVECs challenged with P. gingivalis‐LPS. The inhibitory effect of gas6 on chemotaxis and adhesion affinity between monocytes and endothelial cells was observed, and gas6 promoted Akt phosphorylation and inhibited NF‐κB phosphorylation. To our best knowledge, we are first to report that gas6 inhibit monocytes‐endothelial cells interactions in vitro induced by P. gingivalis‐LPS via Akt/NF‐κB pathway. Additionally, inflammation‐mediated inhibition of gas6 expression is through LncRNA GAS6‐AS2, rather than GAS6‐AS1, which is also newly reported.
Diet composition of the electric eel Electrophorus voltai (Pisces: Gymnotidae) in the Brazilian Amazon region
Authors: Oliveira Marcos S. B. , Mendes‐Júnior Raimundo N. G. , Tavares‐Dias Marcos 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe diet composition of the electric eel Electrophorus voltai was studied in specimens collected from the River Jari, state of Amapá, eastern Amazon region, Brazil. Analysis on their stomach contents revealed that fish, especially Megalechis thoracata, were the most frequent prey item, whereas arthropods and plant material were the least frequent intakes. This is the first stomach content analysis on E. voltai, and it corroborates that electric eel species are piscivorous.
Case of ovarian steroid cell tumor diagnosed after presenting acute heart failure
Authors: Matsuda Shigeru , Yamaguchi Yuu , Kaseki Hanako , Watanabe Kenichiro , Ono Shuichi , Yamamoto Akihito , Ichikawa Masao , Akira Shigeo , Takeshita Toshiyuki 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe report a rare case of an ovarian steroid cell tumor with a diagnosis prompted by heart failure symptoms. A 28‐year‐old Japanese nulligravida/nullipara with a chief complaint of respiratory discomfort during physical exertion and exhibiting heart failure symptoms was referred to our hospital. She also had signs of virilization, including secondary menorrhea since the age of 20, hirsutism and balding. Cushing's syndrome was suspected, and further examinations showed hypertestosteronemia and right ovarian tumor. Symptomatic treatment for heart failure with diuretics and antihypertensives was followed by abdominal right adnexectomy performed due to the androgen‐producing ovarian tumor. The tumor was solid and larger than a fist, and confirmed as a steroid cell tumor through postoperative histopathology. Serum total testosterone levels normalized at day 3 postoperatively, and menstruation resumed 2 months later. Our case was diagnosed due to heart failure symptoms, and its treatment resulted in improvement in virilization signs.
Phenotypic and genetic diversity of leaf rust resistance in wheat wild relatives
Authors: Aliakbari Sadeghabad Ali , Dadkhodaie Ali , Heidari Bahram 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPuccinia triticina (Pt), the causal agent of leaf rust evolves through forming new pathotypes that adversely affect the growth and yield of wheat cultivars. Therefore, continued production of resistant varieties through exploring novel sources of resistance in wild relatives which are abundantly found in Iran and the neighbouring regions is a major task in wheat breeding programs. The aim of the present study was to explore 60 wild wheat genotypes selected from the species Triticum monococcum, Aegilops tauschii, Ae. neglecta, Ae. cylindrica, Ae. triuncialis, Ae. umbellulata, Ae. speltoides, Ae. columnaris, Ae. crassa and Ae. ventricosa for resistance to leaf rust. The cultivar ‘Boolani’ and Thatcher near‐isogenic lines were used as controls. Two‐week‐old seedlings were inoculated using 10 Pt pathotypes, and the infection types were recorded. The genotypes were also analysed for polymorphism using six sequence‐tagged sites (STS) and sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. Forty‐eight genotypes produced high infection types (3+) for two pathotypes, but the remaining genotypes produced low infection types of ‘0; =’ to ‘1+CN’ to all pathotypes. The latter included three accessions of Ae. tauschii, two accessions of each Ae. umbellulata, Ae. columnaris and Triticum monococcum, and one accession from each Ae. triuncialis, Ae. ventricosa and Ae. neglecta. Analysis for STS and SCAR markers suggested several genotypes could carry the genes Lr9, Lr10, Lr19, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr37 or their potential orthologs in addition to unknown resistance genes. In conclusion, the identified resistant genotypes could be further characterized and used in wheat breeding programs for leaf rust resistance.
Foliar functional traits from imaging spectroscopy across biomes in eastern North America
Authors: Wang Zhihui , Chlus Adam , Geygan Ryan , Ye Zhiwei , Zheng Ting , Singh Aditya , Couture John J. , Cavender‐Bares Jeannine , Kruger Eric L. , Townsend Philip A. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryFoliar functional traits are widely used to characterize leaf and canopy properties that drive ecosystem processes and to infer physiological processes in Earth system models. Imaging spectroscopy provides great potential to map foliar traits to characterize continuous functional variation and diversity, but few studies have demonstrated consistent methods for mapping multiple traits across biomes.With airborne imaging spectroscopy data and field data from 19 sites, we developed trait models using partial least squares regression, and mapped 26 foliar traits in seven NEON (National Ecological Observatory Network) ecoregions (domains) including temperate and subtropical forests and grasslands of eastern North America.Model validation accuracy varied among traits (normalized root mean squared error, 9.1–19.4%; coefficient of determination, 0.28–0.82), with phenolic concentration, leaf mass per area and equivalent water thickness performing best across domains. Across all trait maps, 90% of vegetated pixels had reasonable values for one trait, and 28–81% provided high confidence for multiple traits concurrently.Maps of 26 traits and their uncertainties for eastern US NEON sites are available for download, and are being expanded to the western United States and tundra/boreal zone. These data enable better understanding of trait variations and relationships over large areas, calibration of ecosystem models, and assessment of continental‐scale functional diversity.
Deformation and sedimentation processes, and hydrocarbon accumulations on upturned salt diapir flanks in the Lusitanian Basin, Portugal
Authors: Davison Ian , Barreto Pedro 
Published: May 2020

The onshore Lusitanian Basin is dominated by two large diapiric salt walls which extend for up to 100 km. Seismic sections indicate that stratal onlap onto an intervening salt pillow initiated in Early Jurassic times. Well-exposed diapir flanks reveal three types of halokinetic-related unconformities (hook, low-angle wedge and high-angle flap-onlap – a new term) of Kimmeridgian to Turonian age, indicating that diapirism was active throughout this period. Stratal dip-fanning and wedge-thinning is predominantly caused by original sedimentary depositional processes with multiple low-angle unconformities (1°–5° pinchout angles) in both carbonate- and clastic-dominated sequences. No significant sedimentary slumping was observed in the clastic-dominated strata but important slumping of flank material is present in the carbonate-dominated sequences.
Two tar accumulations are derived from oil trapped in sandstones on the flanks of the São Pedro de Moel and Santa Cruz salt diapirs. These are interpreted to be exhumed, but now biodegraded, oilfields. To our knowledge, these are the only exposed examples of salt-flank hydrocarbon accumulations that have been documented in the literature.