bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Area threshold and trait–environment associations of butterfly assemblages in the Zhoushan Archipelago, China
Authors: Chen Chuanwu , Xu Aichun , Wang Yanping 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimAn area threshold is usually considered as the point of abrupt change in the species–area relationship (SAR). Despite their widespread existence, few studies have considered the influence of data transformations on their presence or the mechanisms that generate them. The aims of this study were thus to test for the existence of an area threshold in butterfly assemblages and to compare trait–environment associations between small and large islands split by the threshold.LocationZhoushan Archipelago, China.TaxonButterflies.MethodsWe used the line‐transect method to survey butterflies on 42 islands from July to August 2014. We also collected data on three commonly used ecological traits of butterflies (wingspan, wing loading and body weight). We transformed the butterfly datasets into three types (log‐log, semi‐log and untransformed) and fitted each of them using a set of breakpoint regression models. We then split all islands into small and large islands based on the area threshold and analysed the trait–environment associations for each island group.ResultsTwo‐slope breakpoint models performed best for log‐log and semi‐log transformed datasets. However, the former exhibited a steep‐shallow shape with an area threshold of 0.820 km2 and the latter was in shallow‐steep shape with a threshold of 17.022 km2. By contrast, no threshold was detected when using the untransformed power model. Moreover, for small islands, small area and large isolation were positively correlated with species with large wing loading and body weight. For large islands, however, the perimeter to area ratio (PAR) was significantly and positively related to wing loading.Main conclusionsWe found that data transformations may influence the detection of area thresholds. Trait–environment analyses can further provide novel and mechanistic insights into processes generating area thresholds. We urge that the influence of data transformations and ecological traits of species should be explicitly considered in future studies.
RETRACTED: LBX2‐AS1 promotes ovarian cancer progression by facilitating E2F2 gene expression via miR‐455‐5p and miR‐491‐5p sponging
Authors: Cao Jian , Wang Huan , Liu Guangquan , Tang Ranran , Ding Ye , Xu Pengfei , Wang Huayu , Miao Juan , Gu Xiaoyan , Han Suping 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLBX2‐AS1 is a long non‐coding RNA that facilitates the development of gastrointestinal cancers and lung cancer, but its participation in ovarian cancer development remained uninvestigated. Clinical data retrieved from TCGA ovarian cancer database and the clinography of 60 ovarian cancer patients who received anti‐cancer treatment in our facility were analysed. The overall cell growth, colony formation, migration, invasion, apoptosis and tumour formation on nude mice of ovarian cancer cells were evaluated before and after lentiviral‐based LBX2‐AS1 knockdown. ENCORI platform was used to explore LBX2‐AS1‐interacting microRNAs and target genes of the candidate microRNAs. Luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA pulldown assay were used to verify the putative miRNA‐RNA interactions. Ovarian cancer tissue specimens showed significant higher LBX2‐AS1 expression levels that non‐cancerous counterparts. High expression level of LBX2‐AS1 was significantly associated with reduced overall survival of patients. LBX2‐AS1 knockdown significantly down‐regulated the cell growth, colony formation, migration, invasion and tumour formation capacity of ovarian cancer cells and increased their apoptosis in vitro. LBX2‐AS1 interacts with and thus inhibits the function of miR‐455‐5p and miR‐491‐5p, both of which restrained the expression of E2F2 gene in ovarian cancer cells via mRNA targeting. Transfection of miRNA inhibitors of these two miRNAs or forced expression of E2F2 counteracted the effect of LBX2‐AS1 knockdown on ovarian cancer cells. LBX2‐AS1 was a novel cancer‐promoting lncRNA in ovarian cancer. This lncRNA increased the cell growth, survival, migration, invasion and tumour formation of ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting miR‐455‐5p and miR‐491‐5p, thus liberating the expression of E2F2 cancer‐promoting gene.
Use of Shared Decision‐Making in Response to Maternal Request for Elective Cesarean Birth
Authors: Scaffidi, Rose M. , Padden‐Denmead, Mary L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe request for a cesarean birth by a woman who does not have a medical or obstetric indication for the surgical procedure presents an ethical dilemma. Although this request may seem to be a rational option for the pregnant woman, clinicians may not be comfortable with this option when they believe the best choice for a woman is to attempt a vaginal birth. The contradiction for the clinician relates to the commitment to provide evidence‐based care which conflicts with evidence that surgical birth without a medical indication may be associated with adverse outcomes. The commitment to support patient autonomy adds to this dilemma. Use of a shared decision‐making process can help clinicians support women to be autonomous in their thinking and exhibit self‐confidence and self‐direction when considering options around their birth.
Single‐center, prospective comparison of calcium hydroxylapatite and Vycross‐20L in midface rejuvenation: Efficacy and patient‐perceived value
Authors: Durkin Alan , Lackey Alexandra , Tranchilla Alyssa , Poling Maxwell , Glassman Gabriella , Woltjen Nick 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundNumerous fillers can be used for midface revolumization. While rheological data, physiochemical properties, and durability measured in clinical studies can inform selection, direct comparisons between equal volumes of different fillers are lacking.AimsTo compare aesthetic improvement achieved with 3 cc of either calcium hydroxyapatite with integral lidocaine CaHA(+) or VYC‐20L in the midface.Patients/MethodsIn this prospective, single‐center study, 17 patients with midface volume loss received 3 cc of either CaHA(+) or VYC‐20L. Outcomes at post‐treatment days 1, 7, 30, 90, 180, and 365 were measured by Subject and blinded Physician using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (SGAIS and PGAIS). Cost per point improvement on SGAIS over time was determined.ResultsOutcomes were globally positive, with a large majority of subjects at least improved at all time points. A higher proportion of subjects were at least “very improved” in the CaHA(+) treatment group at each time point, a difference that reached significance at day 90 (100% vs 50%, P = .02), day 180 (89% vs 37.5%, P = .03), and day 360 (89% vs 37.5%, P = .03). For both SGAIS and PGAIS, only subjects within the VYC‐20L cohort had “unaltered” appearance within 1 year. At 1 year, the average cost per point of SGAIS improvement for VYC‐20 was approximately twice that of CaHA‐20L.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that CaHA(+) supports better, more durable outcomes than an equal volume of VYC‐20L in the midface, providing a higher value to the patient.
Identification of IgG1 isotype phosphorylcholine antibodies for the treatment of inflammatory cardiovascular diseases
Authors: de Vries M. R. , Ewing M. M. , de Jong R. C. M. , MacArthur M. R. , Karper J. C. , Peters E. A. B. , Nordzell M. , Karabina S. A. P. , Sexton D. , Dahlbom I. , Bergman A. , Mitchell J. R. , Frostegård J. , Kuiper J. , Ninio E. , Jukema J. W. , Pettersson K. , Quax P. H. A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundPhosphorylcholine (PC) is an important pro‐inflammatory damage‐associated molecular pattern. Previous data have shown that natural IgM anti‐PC protects against cardiovascular disease. We aimed to develop a monoclonal PC IgG antibody with anti‐inflammatory and anti‐atherosclerotic properties.MethodsUsing various techniques PC antibodies were validated and optimized. In vivo testing was performed in a femoral artery cuff model in ApoE3*Leiden mice. Safety studies are performed in rats and cynomolgus monkeys.ResultsA chimeric anti‐PC (PC‐mAb(T15), consisting of a human IgG1 Fc and a mouse T15/E06 Fab) was produced, and this was shown to bind specifically to epitopes in human atherosclerotic tissues. The cuff model results in rapid induction of inflammatory genes and altered expression of genes associated with ER stress and choline metabolism in the lesions. Treatment with PC‐mAb(T15) reduced accelerated atherosclerosis via reduced expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers and CCL2 production. Recombinant anti‐PC Fab fragments were identified by phage display and cloned into fully human IgG1 backbones creating a human monoclonal IgG1 anti‐PC (PC‐mAbs) that specifically bind PC, apoptotic cells and oxLDL. Based on preventing macrophage oxLDL uptake and CCL2 production, four monoclonal PC‐mAbs were selected, which to various extent reduced vascular inflammation and lesion development. Additional optimization and validation of two PC‐mAb antibodies resulted in selection of PC‐mAb X19‐A05, which inhibited accelerated atherosclerosis. Clinical grade production of this antibody (ATH3G10) significantly attenuated vascular inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis and was tolerated in safety studies in rats and cynomolgus monkeys.ConclusionsChimeric anti‐PCs can prevent accelerated atherosclerosis by inhibiting vascular inflammation directly and through reduced macrophage oxLDL uptake resulting in decreased lesions. PC‐mAb represents a novel strategy for cardiovascular disease prevention.
Effect of Consecutive Firings on the Optical and Mechanical Properties of Silicate and Lithium Disilicate Based Glass‐Ceramics
Authors: Campanelli de Morais Dayana , de Oliveira Abu‐izze Fernanda , Rivoli Rossi Natália , Gallo Oliani Marcelo , de Assunção e Souza Rodrigo Othávio , de Siqueira Anzolini Saavedra Guilherme , Bottino Marco Antonio , Marques de Melo Marinho Renata 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effect of multiple firings on the optical and mechanical properties of two dental CAD/CAM glass‐ceramics.Materials and MethodsA total of 45 specimens of each lithium disilicate‐LD (IPS E.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) and zirconia lithium silicate‐ZLS (Vita Suprinity, Vita Zahnfabrik) material were prepared in a disk shape. These specimens were divided into three groups according to two factors: “type of ceramic” (LD and ZLS) and “numbers of firings” (Control 2F‐two firings, 5F‐five firings and 7F‐seven firings). The firing cycles were performed according to the manufacturer's recommendations. X‐ray diffraction was additionally performed to determine crystalline phases in each group, spectrophotometry was used to determine color and translucency variation, and biaxial flexural strength (BFS) evaluated the mechanical behavior. The data were analyzed individually using two‐way ANOVA tests and Tukey's test at α = 0.05.ResultsThe crystalline phases did not present any change after multiple firings for either of the analyzed materials. Both commercial materials showed a significant difference regarding translucency at 7F (p = <0.01), and ZLS presented a difference in color higher than one (ΔE > 1) at 5F and 7F. Regardless of the number of firings, LD presented a higher BFS compared to ZLS (p = <0.001), and a significant increase in BFS comparing 2F and 7F (p = <0.024).ConclusionThe use of multiple firings can significantly alter the color, translucency, and mechanical strength of CAD/CAM ceramics.
Effortful control is associated with executive attention: A computational study
Authors: Ossola Paolo , Antonucci Camilla , Meehan Kevin B. , Cain Nicole M. , Ferrari Martina , Soliani Antonio , Marchesi Carlo , Clarkin John F. , Sambataro Fabio , De Panfilis Chiara 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionEffortful control (EC) is the self‐regulatory aspect of temperament that is thought to reflect the efficiency of executive attention (EA). Findings on relationship between EC and performance on EA tasks among adults are still contradictory. This study used a computational approach to clarify whether greater self‐reported EC reflects better EA.MethodsFour hundred twenty‐seven healthy subjects completed the Adult Temperament Questionnaires and the Attention Network Task‐revised, a conflict resolution task that gauges EA as the flanker effect (FE), that is, the difference in performances between incongruent and congruent trials. Here we also employed a drift‐diffusion model in which parameters reflecting the actual decisional process (drift rate) and the extra‐decisional time are extracted for congruent and incongruent trials.ResultsEC was not correlated with the FE computed with the classic approach, but correlated positively with drift rate for the incongruent trials, even when controlling for the drift rate in the congruent condition and the extra‐decisional time in the incongruent condition.ConclusionThis study demonstrates an association between self‐reported EC and EA among adults. Specifically, EC is not associated with overall response facilitation but specifically with a greater ability to make goal‐oriented decisions when facing conflicting information.
The revealing effect of power: Popularity moderates the associations of personal values with aggression in adolescence
Authors: Rubel‐Lifschitz Tammy , Benish‐Weisman Maya , Torres Claudio V. , McDonald Kristina 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveValues have been found to predict aggressive behavior in adolescents. Adolescents who endorse self‐enhancement values typically exhibit more aggressive behaviors, while adolescents who endorse self‐transcendent values are less likely to behave aggressively. The associations between values and aggression are low to moderate, suggesting that other factors might moderate them. The study examined whether these associations were moderated by adolescent popularity, an indication of social power.MethodThe study included 906 adolescents from three cultures: Brazilians (N = 244), Jewish citizens of Israel (N = 250), and Arabic citizens of Israel (N = 409). Personal values were assessed using the Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ). Peer nominations were used to assess direct aggression and popularity.ResultsPopularity moderated the associations between values and aggression: while the aggressive behavior of popular adolescents was highly associated with their personal values, the behavior of unpopular adolescents was unrelated to their values. This effect consistently emerged across samples, with specific variations for gender and culture.ConclusionPopularity enables adolescents to act according to their personal values: aggressive behaviors increase or decrease according to personal value priorities. The strength of this effect depends on cultural expectations and gender roles.
Content of, sources of, and responses to sexual stereotypes of Black and Latinx women and men in the United States: A qualitative intersectional exploration
Authors: Rosenthal Lisa , Overstreet Nicole M. , Khukhlovich Adi , Brown Brandon E. , Godfrey Christopher‐John , Albritton Tashuna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractInterdisciplinary intersectionality scholars have highlighted that stereotypes are a central basis for intersectional oppression, and psychologists are increasingly incorporating intersectional theory into stereotypes research. In striving to embrace intersectionality's radical core by applying several of its guiding premises, we explored the perspectives of young Black and Latinx individuals in New York City on sexual stereotypes of Black and Latinx women and men. We conducted 11 focus groups with 75 participants. Using a combined deductive and inductive approach to thematic analysis, we found that many subthemes reflected participants identifying content of, sources of, and responses to sexual stereotypes that were consistent with and supported by an intersectional analysis and approach. These subthemes highlighted sexual stereotypes’ roots in long‐standing interlocking systems of power and oppression and societal institutions, that stereotypes/oppression can also become internalized within individuals and communities, as well as the power and strength of participants and their communities in coping with and resisting sexual stereotypes and oppression. Findings suggest specific ways psychologists can incorporate intersectional inquiry and praxis to address sexual stereotypes as a critical social issue, in collaboration with oppressed communities and social movements struggling for justice and liberation.
RESERVOIR PROPERTIES OF BARREMIAN–APTIAN URGONIAN LIMESTONES, SE FRANCE, PART 2: INFLUENCE OF DIAGENESIS AND FRACTURING
Authors: Cochard J. , Léonide P. , Borgomano J. , Guglielmi Y. , Massonnat G. , Rolando J‐P. , Marie L. , Pasquier A. 
Published: December 2020

Integrated sedimentological, diagenetic and structural analyses have been carried out on microporous and tight Urgonian (Barremian – Aptian) limestones in a study area in SE France in order to understand the influence of diagenetic changes and structural deformation on the spatial distribution of reservoir properties. A diagenetic history for the carbonates was established and was divided into phases which correspond to episodes of regional geodynamic activity. Petrographic (optical, SEM and cathodoluminescence microscopy), structural and geochemical (δ18O, δ13C) studies were carried out to characterize the cement phases in the carbonates, especially micrite and blocky calcite, and to investigate their relationship with episodes of fracturing.Eleven calcite cement phases and four micritic cement phases were identified in relation to the two main phases of structural deformation which affected the Urgonian limestones. A first phase of micrite cementation occurred early in the diagenetic history and was linked to early marine cementation at the tops and bases of depositional cycles during the Barremian. A major phase of micrite recrystallization, which generated microporosity in carbonates that had previously been preserved from early cementation, was followed by a first phase of blocky calcite which occluded intergranular pore spaces. The blocky cement formed in a shallow burial meteoric environment and contributed to the preservation of microporosity during late Durancian tectonism (Albian – Cenomanian). A second phase of blocky calcite is associated with fracture activation during latest Eocene (Priabonian) – Oligo‐Miocene extension.Reservoir rock‐types (RRTs) proposed in a previous study were consistent with the diagenetic characteristics and the results of δ13C / δ18O analyses. Microporous RRTs formed as a result of early to late shallow burial processes and display low δ13C values; whereas cemented RRTs developed both due to early marine cementation (with high δ13C values) and/or as a result of cementation related to fluid flow linked to the reactivation of faults and fractures. This suggests that some late diagenetic and microstructural processes were pre‐determined by early diagenetic changes in the carbonates. The resulting stratigraphic architecture consists of a vertical stacking of weakly fractured microporous limestone intervals alternating with highly fractured, cemented limestone units.
A case series analysis of serious exacerbations of viral hepatitis and non‐viral hepatic injuries in tocilizumab‐treated patients
Authors: Biehl Ann , Harinstein Lisa , Brinker Allen , Glaser Rachel , Muñoz Monica , Avigan Mark 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsReports of moderate to severe liver injury associated with tocilizumab, an interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) receptor antagonist, have been reported in the post‐marketing setting. This case series aims to characterize cases of tocilizumab‐associated clinically significant hepatic injury.MethodsWe analysed cases of severe acute liver injury associated with tocilizumab reported in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System and the medical literature.ResultsWe identified 12 cases in which tocilizumab was a suspected primary cause of liver injury and eight cases in which serious sequelae of underlying or coincident viral hepatitis were temporally associated with its use. Using the Drug‐Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN) severity scale, five of 12 cases were Grade 5 (two liver transplants, three deaths), one was Grade 4 (liver failure) and six were Grade 3 (serious events with elevated bilirubin). Two cases reported liver atrophy with low hepatocellular expression of Ki‐67, a marker of cellular proliferation. Among the eight cases of tocilizumab‐associated viral hepatitis exacerbation, three were scored as DILIN severity Grade 5 (one liver transplant, two deaths), one was Grade 4 (liver failure), and four were Grade 3. The reported viral hepatitis events were hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation (n = 3), hepatitis C virus (HCV) flare (n = 1), cytomegalovirus (CMV)‐induced liver failure (n = 1), Epstein‐Barr virus hepatitis (n = 1), acute hepatitis E (HEV, n = 1) and HEV‐induced macrophage activation syndrome (n = 1).ConclusionTocilizumab may be a primary cause of severe liver injury, as well as exacerbate underlying viral hepatitis. The disruption by tocilizumab of IL‐6‐mediated immune protection and hepatocyte regeneration may aggravate clinical outcomes in some cases.
Steeper spatial scaling patterns of subsoil microbiota are shaped by deterministic assembly process
Authors: Du Xiongfeng , Deng Ye , Li Shuzhen , Escalas Arthur , Feng Kai , He Qing , Wang Zhujun , Wu Yueni , Wang Danrui , Peng Xi , Wang Shang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAlthough many studies have investigated the spatial scaling of microbial communities living in surface soils, very little is known about the patterns within deeper strata, nor is the mechanism behind them. Here, we systematically assessed spatial scaling of prokaryotic biodiversity within three different strata (Upper: 0–20 cm, Middle: 20–40 cm, and Substratum: 40–100 cm) in a typical grassland by examining both distance–decay (DDRs) and species–area relationships (SARs), taxonomically and phylogenetically, as well as community assembly processes. Each layer exhibited significant biogeographic patterns in both DDR and SAR (p < .05), with taxonomic turnover rates higher than phylogenetic ones. Specifically, the spatial turnover rates, β and z values, respectively, ranged from 0.016 ± 0.005 to 0.023 ± 0.005 and 0.065 ± 0.002 to 0.077 ± 0.004 across soil strata, and both increased with depth. Moreover, the prokaryotic community in grassland soils assembled mainly according to deterministic rather than stochastic mechanisms. By using normalized stochasticity ratio (NST) based on null model, the relative importance of deterministic ratios increased from 48.0 to 63.3% from Upper to Substratum, meanwhile a phylogenetic based method revealed average βNTI also increased with depth, from −5.29 to 19.5. Using variation partitioning and distance approaches, both geographic distance and soil properties were found to strongly affect biodiversity structure, the proportions increasing with depth, but spatial distance was always the main underlying factor. These indicated increasingly deterministic proportions in accelerating turnover rates for spatial assembly of prokaryotic biodiversity. Our study provided new insights on biogeography in different strata, revealing importance of assembly patterns and mechanisms of prokaryote communities in below‐surface soils.