bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lack of Association of CYP2C9 genetic polymorphism with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ahmed Sagheer , Khan Saeed , Naqvi Syeda Uzma , Janjua Kholood , Zulfiqar Zaira , ahmedah hanadi , Moga Marius , Ilea Anca 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: There is increasing evidence for the role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocyclic aromatic amines (HCAs) in carcinogenesis, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Several of these mutagenic substances are cytochrome (CYP)2C9 enzyme substrates.Methods: In this study, we examined the association of CYP2C9*2 and *3 genetic polymorphisms in 58 OSCC patients and 174 healthy, age, and sex-matched controls. Genotyping was done with allele-specific polymerase chain reaction followed by agarose gel electrophoreses, while selected samples were sequenced for confirmation of genotyping.Results: The wild type genotype (CYP2C9*1*1) was observed at 83%, *1*3 at 8%, *1*2 at 5%, *2*2 at 2% and *2*3 at 2% in combined case and control groups. On further analysis, however, our results did not reveal an association of these variants with OSCC samples (Odds ratio: 0.608, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.289 - 1.281, p-value: 0.190). While larger studies are needed to confirm or refute these results, they show a lack of association of CYP2C9*2 and *3 polymorphisms with OSCC in this population.Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the genetic polymorphisms in CYP2C9 genes (CYP2C9*2 and *3) are not causing the risk and are not associated with OSCC. Also, CYP2C9 has no role in the pathogenesis of OSCC in this population of patients.Trial registration: Not applicable.
Incidence and risk factor for short term postoperative cough after thyroidectomy
Authors: Wu Junfu , Dai Liyuan , Lou Weihua 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of and potential risk factors for postoperative cough after thyroidectomy remain unknown. The current study aimed to analyze postoperative cough in patients undergoing thyroidectomy using a prospective analysis.
Methods
Adult patients undergoing primary thyroidectomy were prospectively enrolled. Data regarding age, sex, BMI, pathology and surgical procedure were collected and analyzed. All patients were asked to complete the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) preoperatively and at 2 weeks and 4 weeks postoperatively.
Results
There were 1264 patients enrolled in total. In patients with benign disease, postoperative cough occurred in 62 patients, with an prevalence rate of 17.2% compared to an prevalence rate of 32.9% in patients with malignant disease; the difference was significant. For benign patients, the factors of smoking and operation time were independently related to the occurrence of postoperative cough. For malignant patients, the factors of smoking, operation time, operation extent, and the number of positive nodes at level 6 were independently related to the occurrence of postoperative cough. There was no significant difference regarding the LCQ score in patients with benign or malignant disease at the preoperative and the postoperative 4-week time periods. Patients with malignant disease had a significantly lower LCQ score than patients with benign disease at the postoperative 2-week time point (p = 0.001).
Conclusions
Patients undergoing thyroid cancer surgery had a higher prevalence of postoperative cough and were also associated with a decreased cough-related quality of life. The factors of smoking and operation time were the most important predictors for postoperative cough after thyroidectomy.
The burden of disease among Brazilian older adults and the challenge for health policies. Results of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
Authors: PASSOS VALÉRIA MARIA DE AZEREDO , Champs Ana Paula Silva , Teixeira Renato , Lima-Costa Maria Fernanda Furtado , Kirkwood Renata , Veras Renato , Nascimento Bruno Ramos , Nogales Ana Maria , Schmidt Maria Inês , Duncan Bruce Bartholow , Cousin Ewerton , Naghavi Mohsen , Souza Fatima Marinho 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Brazil is the world’s fifth most populous nation, and is currently experimenting a fast demographic ageing process in a context of scarce resources and social inequalities. To understand the health profile of older adults in Brazil is fundamental for planning public policies.
Methods
The estimates were derived from data obtained through the collaboration between Brazilian Ministry of Health with the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation of the University of Washington. The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics provided the population estimates. Data on causes of death came from the Mortality Information System. To calculate morbidity, population-based studies on the prevalence of diseases in Brazil were comprehensively searched, in addition to information obtained from national databases such as the Hospital Information System, the Outpatient Information System, and the Injury Information System. We presented the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 estimates among Brazilian older adults (60 + years old) for life expectancy at birth (LE), healthy life expectancy (HALE), cause-specific mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), from 2000 to 2017.
Results
LE at birth significantly increased from 71.3 years (95%UI to 70.9–71.8) to 75.2 years (95%UI 74.7–75.7). There was a trend of increasing HALE, from 62.2 years (95%UI 59.54–64.5) to 65.5 years (95%UI 62.6–68.0). The proportion of DALYs among older adults increased from 7.3–10.3%. Chronic noncommunicable diseases are the leading cause of death among middle-aged and older adults, while Alzheimer's disease is a leading cause only among older adults. Mood disorders, musculoskeletal pain and hearing or vision losses are among the leading causes of disability.
Conclusions
The increase in LE and the decrease of the DALYs rates are probably results of the improvement of social conditions and health policies. However, the smaller increase of HALE than LE means that despite living more, people spend a substantial time of their old age with disability and illness. Preventable or potentially controllable diseases are responsible for most of the burden of disease among Brazilian older adults. Health investments are necessary to obtain longevity with quality of life in Brazil.
Dietary habits and metabolic response improve in obese children whose mothers received an intervention to promote healthy eating: Randomized clinical trial
Authors: López-Contreras Iris Nallely , Vilchis-Gil Jenny , Klünder-Klünder Miguel , Villalpando-Carrión Salvador , Flores-Huerta Samuel 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Unhealthy eating habits inside and outside the home lead to developing obesity, leading to clinical and metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and chronic degenerative diseases, which are the leading causes of death in adult life. The present study compared changes in dietary habits, behaviors and metabolic profiles of obese children whose mothers attended at the hospital to group sessions, with those who received the usual nutritional consultation.Methods: Randomized clinical trial, 177 mother/obese child pairs participated, 90 in the intervention group (IG) and 87 in the control group (CG). The intervention group attended six group education sessions to promote healthy eating and 87 received the usual nutritional consultation, both groups were followed up for three months. Frequency of food consumption, behaviors during feeding in the house and metabolic profile was evaluated. Data was compared using Student's t or X2.Results: The GI reduced the filling of their dishes (p = 0.009), forcing the children to finish meals (p = 0.003) and food substitution (p < 0.001), moreover increased the consumption of roasted foods (p = 0.046), fruits (p = 0.002) and vegetables (p < 0.001). In the IG insulin levels (-1.4) and HOMA-IR (-6.2) (p = 0.027 and p = 0.035) decreased with difference between groups.Conclusions: The educational intervention improved some eating habits at home, as well as insulin and HOMA-IR levels; this can be considered as an alternative for managing child obesity.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04374292 (Date assigned: May 5, 2020). Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04374292
Prevalence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Hepatitis E Virus in Pigs in Vietnam
Authors: Lee Hu Suk , Dao Duy Tung , Bui Vuong Nghia , Bui Anh Ngoc , Le Duy Thanh , Nguyen-Viet Hung , Randolph Delia Grace , Thakur Krishna K. , Hagiwara Katsuro 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the important zoonotic diseases with a worldwide distribution. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of HEV in Vietnam. Pig blood and fecal pooled samples were used to determine for the prevalence of HEV. We evaluated the true prevalence (TP) of HEV from apparent prevalence (AP) by taking into account the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests using a Bayesian approach. For phylogenetic analysis, the data compared with worldwide HEV reference strains illustrating all eight genotypes (G1-G8) which were identified in previous study.Results: A total of 475 sera samples were collected at slaughterhouses from five provinces. The AP of HEV was 58.53% (95% CI: 53.95–62.70) while the TP was slightly higher (59.96%, 95% credible interval: 54.49–65.41). A total of 19 Vietnamese strains were isolated from 1 strain in Hanoi, 5 strains in Dak Lak, 7 strains in An Giang, 4 strains in Son La and 2 strains in Nghe An. The phylogenetic tree demonstrated that 19 Vietnamese strains were clustered into HEV 3 and 4 among 8 genotypes.Conclusions: This study provided evidence that HEV is circulating in domestic pigs in Vietnam. From a public health perspective, it is very important to raise public awareness for high-risk groups (e.g. slaughterhouse workers, pig traders, farmers and market sellers) who may have more opportunities to come in contact with pig and contaminated meats.
High expression of Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) predicts poor outcome in high-grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Li Min , Cheng Xue , Rong Rong , Tang Xiuwu , Chen Youguo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HSOC) is a fatal form of ovarian cancer. Previous studies indicated some potential biomarkers for clinical evaluation of HSOC prognosis. However, there is a lack of systematic analysis of different expression genes (DEGs) to screen and detect significant biomarkers of HSOC.
Method and materials:
TCGA database was conducted to analyze relevant genes expression in HSOC. Outcomes of candidate genes expression, including overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), were calculated by Cox regression analysis for hazard rates (HR). Histopathological investigation of the identified genes was carried out in 32 Chinese HSOC patients to validate gene expression in different stages of HSOC.
Results
Of all 57,331 genes that were analyzed, FAP was identified as the only novel gene that significantly contributed to both OS and PFS of HSOC. In addition, FAP had a consistent expression profile between carcinoma-paracarcinoma and early-advanced stages of HSOC. Immunological tests in paraffin section also confirmed that up-regulation of FAP was present in advanced stage HSOC patients. Prediction of FAP network association suggested that FN1 could be a potential downstream gene which further influenced HSOC survival.
Conclusions
High-level expression of FAP was associated with poor prognosis of HSOC via FN1 pathway.
Value of artificial ascites to assist thermal ablation of liver cancer adjacent to the gastrointestinal tract in patients with previous abdominal surgery
Authors: Huang Qiannan , Li Jianguo , Zeng Qingjing , Tan Lei , Zheng Rongqin , He Xuqi , Li Kai 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundTo evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of artificial ascites to assist thermal ablation of liver cancer adjacent to the gastrointestinal tract in patients with previous abdominal surgery.MethodsThirty-nine patients with a total of 40 liver malignant tumors were enrolled between January 2016 and June 2019. All had histories of hepatectomy, splenectomy, cholecystectomy, and intestinal surgery. The distance between the tumor and the gastrointestinal tract was < 5 mm. Normal saline was used as artificial ascites to protect the gastrointestinal tract during thermal ablation. The success rate of the procedure, incidence of major complications, and the technical efficacy of ablation were recorded. Patients were followed for local tumor progression (LTP), and overall survival (OS).ResultsThe use of artificial ascites was successful in 38 of the 40 procedures (95%). Major complications occurred in two of the 39 patients (5.1%) following the procedure. One was an intestinal fistula that occurred in a failed case and was associated with an infection. The other was a liver abscess that occurred in a successful case. The technical efficacy of ablation was 100% (40/40 procedures). The median follow-up was 20 months. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year LTP rates were 2.9%, 5.7% and 5.7%. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates were 97.1%, 86.8% and 69.5%.ConclusionIn patients with previous abdominal surgery, artificial ascites is feasible and effective for assisting thermal ablation of liver cancer adjacent to the gastrointestinal tract.Co-first authors: Qiannan Huang #, Jianguo Li # contributed equally to this article and should be considered co-first authors.Co-corresponding authors: Xuqi He *, Kai Li * contributed equally to this article and should be considered co-corresponding authors.
Effect of Surgery on The Prognosis of Stage ⅢB non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: wan jun , Shen Hongchang , wang yadong , chen xiaowei , yan tao , du jiajun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
For patients with stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the current recommended immunotherapy maintenance treatment after concurrent chemoradiotherapy is not demonstrated whether such patients can be benefit from surgical treatment. We collected clinical data from patients with stage IIIB NSCLC from the surveillance, epidemiological, and final results (SEER) databases. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards model were used to analyze the effect of surgical treatment on the survival of stage IIIB NSCLC. We use surgery as a variable to divide into surgical and non-surgical groups. Between the two groups, only age is different (p = 0.017), and there is no significant difference at race (P = 0.531), gender (P = 0.051), tumor primary site (P = 0.385), tumor differentiation grade (P = 0.103), T stage (P = 0.094), and N stage (P = 0.071). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that gender, tumor differentiation, stage and primary site had an effect on overall survival. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the median survival time of stage IIIB NSCLC in the surgical group (13 months, 95% CI (7.400 to 18.600 months)) was higher than that in the non-surgical group (3 months, 95% CI (2.482 to 3.518 months)) was significantly prolonged by 10 months (P < 0.001). The Cox proportional hazard modelled analysis showed that the overall survival of stage IIIB NSCLC was 2.395 times the 95% CI (1.77 to 3.241 months) for the non-surgical group (P < 0.001). We conclude that some patients with stage IIIB NSCLC who can tolerate surgery may benefit from surgery.
CIB1 as a potential diagnosis and prognosis biomarker in uveal melanoma
Authors: Wang Xianwang , Ge Lei , Guo Yu , Zou Zhiming , Wan Xingxia , Lu Yingying , Hu Shujuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundUveal melanoma (UVM) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adults. However, identification of the effective biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of UVM remain to be explored. Calcium and integrin-binding protein 1 (CIB1) is emerging as an important mediator in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. In the present study, we aim to determine the contribution of CIB1 in the diagnosis of UVM.MethodsImmumohistochemical staining is used to detect the CIB1 expression level, while Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) and UALCAN online tools were used to further analyze patient survival and CIB1 correlation genes in UVM. Integrative analysis using STRING and GeneMANIA predicted the correlated genes with CIB1 in UVM.ResultsTo the best of our knowledge the novel observations identified in the present study reveal that CIB1 expression level in UVM was significantly enhanced when compared with that in paracancerous tissues. A higher CIB1 expression level resulted in a significant worse disease free survival as well as overall survival. Moreover, survival probability of patients with UVM was associated with body weight and gender of the the patients. The correlated genes with CIB1 in UVM, and the similarity of the genes in UVM expression and survival heatmap was verified. Furthermore, Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that CIB1 and its correlated genes are significantly enriched in ITGA2B-ITGB3-CIB1 complex, regulation of intracellular protein transport and regulation of ion transport.ConclusionsTaken together, our novel findings suggested that CIB1 might be a potential diagnostic predictor for UVM, and might contribute to the potential strategy for UVM treatment by targeting CIB1.# These authors contributed equally to this work
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Repeated Self-Sampling for HPV Testing in Primary Cervical Screening: A Randomized Study
Authors: Aarnio Riina , Östensson Ellinor , Olovsson Matts , Gustavsson Inger , Gyllensten Ulf 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is recommended in primary cervical screening to improve cancer prevention. An advantage of HPV testing is that it can be performed on self-samples, which could increase population coverage and result in a more efficient strategy to identify women at risk of developing cervical cancer. Our objective was to assess whether repeated self-sampling for HPV testing is cost-effective in comparison with Pap smear cytology for detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or more (CIN2+) in increasing participation rate in primary cervical screening.Methods A cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) was performed on data from a previously published randomized clinical study including 36 390 women aged 30–49 years. Participants were randomized either to perform repeated self-sampling of vaginal fluid for HPV testing (n = 17 997, HPV self-sampling arm) or to midwife-collected Pap smears for cytological analysis (n = 18 393, Pap smear arm).Results Self-sampling for HPV testing led to 1633 more screened women and 107 more histologically diagnosed CIN2 + at a lower cost vs. midwife-collected Pap smears (€ 229 446 vs. € 782 772).Conclusions This study resulted in that repeated self-sampling for HPV testing increased participation and detection of CIN2 + at a lower cost than midwife-collected Pap smears in primary cervical screening. Offering women a home-based self-sampling may therefore be a more cost-effective alternative than clinic-based screening.Trial registration Not registered since this trial is a secondary analysis of an earlier published study (1).
Rural-Urban Disparities and Factors Associated with Delayed Care Seeking for Fever by Mothers of Under-Five Children, Lgabi LGA, Kaduna Nigeria.
Authors: Babalola Obafemi Joseph , Ajumobi Olufemi , Ajayi IkeOluwapo O. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Fever in under-five children (U5) is the commonest presenting complaint in general practice and mothers’ recognition is an entry point for fever treatment including malaria. This study describes rural - urban disparity in fever prevalence, mothers’ malaria knowledge, and care seeking for fever in U5 and the associated factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 630 mother-child pairs [rural (300) and urban (330)] selected randomly using a multi-stage sampling from 63 villages in Igabi LGA, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Trained female data collectors administered a pre-tested structured questionnaire to collect information on mother-child demographic profiles, malaria knowledge, fever episodes in birth order last child in two weeks prior to survey, and care - seeking for fever within 48 hours of onset. Care sought for fever > 48 hours of onset was defined as delayed care seeking. Malaria knowledge was categorized into good, average and poor if the final scores is ≥ 75 th , 50 th - 74 th , and < 50 th percentiles, respectively. Frequency, proportions, and odds ratio were calculated. Statistically significant was set at p-value < 0.05. Results The median age (interquartile range) of rural mothers was 30 (IQR, 10) years compared to 27 (IQR, 6) years in urban. Of the 70.0% (441/629) U5 children with fever, 58.5% (258/441) were in rural settlements. A third of the mothers whose child had fever sought care. Mothers in rural settlement were 2.7 (CI: 1.8 – 4.2, p < 0.01) times more likely to delay care seeking for fever, and those with no knowledge of malaria transmission were 70% less likely to seek care (OR: 0.3, CI: 0.2 – 0.7). On the other hand, poor perception of malaria as a major health problem (OR: 2.1, CI: 1.4 – 3.1), and poor knowledge of cause of malaria (OR: 1.7, CI: 1.1 – 2.5) were associated with delayed seeking for fever among urban mothers. Conclusions Disparity existed between fever prevalence in U5 children, care -seeking practices by their mothers, and factors associated with delayed care seeking for fever. Fever treatment for high impact malaria elimination needs a context specific intervention rather than ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach. Also, intensify efforts to educate mothers on malaria.
Association Between Dietary Patterns and Prediabetes Risk in A Middle-Aged Chinese Population
Authors: Shen Xiao-Ming , Huang Yi-Qian , Zhang Xiao-Yan , Tong Xiao-Qing , Zheng Pei-Fen , Shu Long 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Information regarding dietary patterns associated with prediabetes in the Chinese population is lacking. The objective of the present study was to explore the association between major dietary patterns and risk of prediabetes in a middle-aged Chinese population. Methods: A total of 1761 participants (aged 45 to 59 years) were recruited in Hangzhou city, the capital of Zhejiang Province, China from June 2015 to December 2016. Dietary information was obtained by interview using a 138-item, validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire(SQFFQ). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between dietary patterns and the risk of prediabetes with adjustment of potential confounding variables. Results: Three dietary patterns were ascertained by factor analysis and labeled as traditional southern Chinese, Western, and grains-vegetables patterns. After controlling of the potential confounders, participants in the top quartile of the Western pattern scores had greater odds ratio(OR) for prediabetes (OR=1.54; 95% confidence interval(CI):1.068-2.059; P =0.025) than did those in the bottom quartile. Compared with those in the bottom quartile, participants in the top quartile of the grains-vegetables pattern scores had a lower OR for prediabetes(OR=0.83; 95% CI:0.747-0.965; P =0.03). Besides, no statistically significant association was observed in the association between the traditional southern Chinese pattern and prediabetes risk ( P >0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that the Western pattern was associated with a higher risk, and the grains-vegetables pattern was associated with a lower risk of prediabetes. Future prospective studies are required to validate our findings.