bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domestic violence and its relationship with depression, anxiety and quality of life: A hidden dilemma of Pakistani women
Authors: Malik Mazhar , Munir Nargis , Ghani Usman , Ahmad Nasir 
Published: December 2020

Objectives: To find out the relationship of domestic violence with depression, anxiety and quality of life in married women in hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad.
Methods: This co-relational study was conducted in Rawalpindi Institute of Health Sciences from January 2019 to December 2019. All the females’ patients who were the victim of domestic violence were the population of the study. Consecutive non-probability sampling technique was used for selection of sampling from the target population. The inclusion criterion for this study was diagnosed case of domestic violence. DASS 21 (The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale) and Quality of life (WHO) scales were administered to 116 patients.
Results: The study’s key results were that domestic abuse has positive relationship with depression, anxiety, and stress. It was also found that domestic abuse has a negative relationship with quality of life of those who have been subjected to domestic violence of this sort.
Conclusion: It was concluded that domestic violence whether verbal, physical, emotional or sexual has strongly effects the mental health and quality of life of abused women.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.2893
How to cite this:Malik M, Munir N, Ghani MU, Ahmad N. Domestic violence and its relationship with depression, anxiety and quality of life: A hidden dilemma of Pakistani women. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(1):191-194. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.2893
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effects of etibatide combined with emergency percutaneous coronary intervention on blood perfusion and cardiac function in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Hu Ying , Qi Fan-xing , Yu Li-na , Geng Wei 
Published: December 2020

Objectives: To investigate the effects of etibatide combined with emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on blood perfusion and cardiac function in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients.
Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, controlled study. From November 2015 to June 2019, 196 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing emergency PCI admitted to Baoding First Central Hospital were enrolled. The 196 STEMI patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. In the experimental group, STEMI patients were treated with emergency PCI + etibatide; while in the control group, only PCI was performed. Observation indexes included: general data, myocardial perfusion and cardiac function indexes and major adverse cardiac events (MACE).
Results: There was no significant difference in general data between the two groups (P > 0.05). The rate of ST-segment resolution (STR) in the experimental group was better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). In myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE), higher peak intensity (PI) and shorter time-to-peak (TP) were observed in the experimental group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The platelet aggregation rate was compared between the two group at the time points of before PCI, after PCI and two hour after drug withdrawal, and there was no significant change in the platelet aggregation rate of the control group between different time points (before PCI, after PCI and two hour after drug withdrawal); while the platelet aggregation rate of the experimental group was significantly lower after PCI and two hour after drug withdrawal than that before PCI (P < 0.05), and an obviously decreased platelet aggregation rate was found in the experimental group(P < 0.05). After three months of follow-up, there was one case of MACE in the experimental group and 1 case of MACE in the control group, without any difference in the incidence of MACE between the two groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: Etibatide combined with emergency PCI could improve myocardial reperfusion and cardiac function in patients with acute STEMI without increasing the incidence of MACE.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.2950
How to cite this:Hu Y, Qi F, Yu L, Geng W. Effects of etibatide combined with emergency percutaneous coronary intervention on blood perfusion and cardiac function in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(1):185-190. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.2950
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Sleep Quality in Pamukkale University Students and its relationship with smartphone addiction
Authors: Ozcan Betul , Acimis Nurhan Meydan` 
Published: December 2020

Objective: Research shows that poor sleep quality and smartphone addiction are common problems among university students. This study was planned to evaluate the quality of sleep in students at Pamukkale University and to investigate its relationship with smartphone addiction.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the university campus in 2017-2018. Its dependent variable was low sleep quality. Independent variables were smartphone addiction, features related to smartphone addiction, socio-demographic features and other questioned features. The total number of students attending normal education in seven faculties and two colleges for four years was 20862. The minimum sample size of the study was calculated as 1088. Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used. The data were analyzed with the SPSS program.
Results: The mean age was of the participants 21.39 ± 2.21. The sleep quality of students with a PSQI total score of more than five was defined as ‘poor’. The frequency of poor sleep quality was 52.4%. The frequency of smartphone addiction was 34.6% according to the SAS-SV scale. It was found that the frequency of poor sleep quality was significantly higher in students with smartphone addiction compared to others.
Conclusion: Smartphone addiction was found as one of the risk factors for poor sleep quality.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3130
How to cite this:Ozcan B, Acimis NM. Sleep Quality in Pamukkale University Students and its relationship with smartphone addiction. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(1):206-211. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3130
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Sub-genomic analysis of Chikungunya virus E2 mutations in Pakistani isolates potentially modulating B-cell & T-Cell immune response
Authors: Khan Bilal Ahmed , Ullah Saif , Lail Amanullah , Khan Saeed 
Published: December 2020

Background & Objectives: The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) transmitted to the humans through Aedes species of the mosquitoes. In December 2016, a severe outbreak reported from Pakistan. However, there is no vaccine or anti-viral treatment currently available so host immune response against CHIKV gained significant interest. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the mutations in CHIKV E2 region of currently circulating Pakistani strains & determine their potential immunogenicity in Pakistani population.
Methods: It was a cross sectional study in which a total of 60 CHIKV PCR positive samples were collected from Molecular Department of Pathology, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi during November 2017 to February 2018. CHIKV E2 gene was amplified by PCR & sequenced. Sequences were analyzed by using bioinformatic tools followed by epitope prediction in E2 sequences by In-silico immunoinformatic approach.
Results: Several single nucleotide variations (SNVs) were identified in Pakistani isolates with six novel mutations in E2 sequences. Immunoinformatic analyses showed more proteasomal sites, CTL & B-Cell epitopes in Pakistani strains with respect to S27 prototype with 69.4% population coverage against these epitopes in Pakistan. The study also identified key mutations responsible for generation of unique epitopes and HLA restriction in Pakistani isolates. The strain specific mutations revealed the current outbreak was caused by ESCA.IOL lineage of CHIKV.
Conclusion: The evolution of E2 protein in Pakistani strains has increased its immunogenicity in comparison to ancestral s27 strain. The identification of most immunogenic and conserved epitopes with high population coverage has high potential to be used in vaccine development against these local strains.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3236
How to cite this:Khan BA, Saifullah, Lail A, Khan S. Sub-genomic analysis of Chikungunya virus E2 mutations in Pakistani isolates potentially modulating B-cell & T-Cell immune response. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(1):93-98. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3236
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy; A study from a rural population of Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Kamran Muhammad , Fawwad Asher , Haider Syed Iftikhar , Hussain Tahir , Ahmed Jameel 
Published: December 2020

Objective: To discuss common indications and findings on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy as well as to correlate these findings with alarm symptoms in the rural population of Gadap town, Sindh.
Methods: This was a retrospective study on 1288 patients conducted in the medical ward of Fatima Hospital, Baqai Medical University. Patients’ demographics and other data related to the procedure were recovered from patients’ records. SPSS version 20 was used for statistical analysis.
Results: Ratio of male and female patients was approximately 1:1. Majority of the patients were young, and most procedures were done as outpatients without the requirement of conscious sedation. Epigastric pain was the primary indication for upper GI endoscopy (62.6%). One third of the procedures performed did not report any pathological finding. Probability of a positive finding was more likely if a patient presented with dysphagia, heart-burn, hematemesis, vomiting, or for screening endoscopy (for varices). Patients who were diagnosed with esophageal candidiasis, esophageal varices or esophageal growth/ ulcer had reported one or more alarm symptoms in their history.
Conclusions: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is a useful test to diagnose disorders of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum. However, it is an expensive procedure and therefore referring physicians should keep appropriate clinical indication and ethical considerations in mind before recommending such an investigation to their patients.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3297
How to cite this:Kamran M, Fawwad A, Haider SI, Hussain T, Ahmed J. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy; A study from a rural population of Sindh, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(1):9-14. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.1.3297
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Measuring indicators of health system performance for palliative and end-of-life care using health administrative data: a scoping review
Authors: Budhwani Suman , Gill Ashlinder , Scott Mary , Wodchis Walter P. , Kim JinHee , Tanuseputro Peter 
Published: December 2020

Background: A plethora of performance measurement indicators for palliative and end-of-life care currently exist in the literature. This often leads to confusion, inconsistency and redundancy in efforts by health systems to understand what should be measured and how. The objective of this study was to conduct a scoping review to provide an inventory of performance measurement indicators that can be measured using population-level health administrative data, and to summarize key concepts for measurement proposed in the literature. Methods: A scoping review using MEDLINE and EMBASE, as well as grey literature was conducted. Articles were included if they described performance or quality indicators of palliative and end-of-life care at the population-level using routinely-collected administrative data. Details on the indicator such as name, description, numerator, and denominator were charted. Results: A total of 339 indicators were extracted. These indicators were classified into nine health care sectors and one cross-sector category. Extracted indicators emphasized key measurement themes such as health utilization and cost and excessive, unnecessary, and aggressive care particularly close to the end-of-life. Many indicators were often measured using the same constructs, but with different specifications, such as varying time periods used to ascribe for end-of-life care, and varying patient populations. Conclusions: Future work is needed to achieve consensus ‘best’ definitions of these indicators as well as a universal performance measurement framework, similar to other ongoing efforts in population health. Efforts to monitor palliative and end-of-life care can use this inventory of indicators to select appropriate indicators to measure health system performance.
A Corporeidade e a Liberdade: Mulheres Negras e a Coragem De Ser
Authors: Gonçalves Restier da Costa Souza Joyce 
Published: December 2020

As discussões sobre liberdade, igualdade e solidariedade estiveram presentes na constituição da sociologia clássica independente de sua escola. A modernidade surgiu transformando a sociedade pelos meios de produção e pelas novas relações sociais que se estabeleciam. O Capitalismo visto como o sistema gestor da Modernidade ocasionou a ênfase das modificações estruturais na sociedade sob o crivo da economia, detendo em si, a escravização e a especificidade do papel da violência como agente histórico determinante propiciando a acumulação de capital que engendrou a Revolução Industrial. Imbuídos desta noção argumentaremos a partir de configurações sobre corporeidades negras a possível produção de sentidos sobre a liberdade a partir dos corpos de mulheres negras.
Mulheres na teoria geral da administração: por uma educação não sexista
Authors: Souza Susane Petinelli , Covre Isabel Gomes 
Published: December 2020

O estudo realizado teve como objetivo um mapeamento de mulheres estudiosas que contribuíram para a produção de conhecimentos considerados basilares aos futuros administradores. Tais conhecimentos compõem a chamada teoria geral da administração. Para tanto, foi necessário colocar em discussão a importância de uma educação não sexista, assim como certas desigualdades vivenciadas pelas mulheres. Para além das desigualdades atreladas ao gênero e à linguagem, as mulheres também sofrem com desigualdades geográficas, raciais e de classe. O estudo foi baseado em pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter qualitativo, utilizando como fonte de pesquisa programas de disciplinas de um curso de administração de uma instituição de ensino público federal da região Sudeste do Brasil. Como resultado foi possível mapear oito mulheres e suas contribuições. O estudo evidenciou uma educação sexista na área da administração, uma tendência a autorias no esquema homem branco, algo característico de uma sociedade ainda patriarcal. Palavras-Chave: mulheres; administração; educação sexista; gênero.
O exercício progressivo dos direitos da criança: as premissas da corte interamericana de direitos humanos sob a perspectiva dos acordos argumentativos propostos por Perelman e Olbrechts-Tyteca | The progressive exercise of children's rights: the premises of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights from the perspective of the argumentative agreements proposed by Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca
Authors: Ruiz Díaz Arce Sergio Daniel 
Published: December 2020

O trabalho tem como objetivo identificar os acordos argumentativos utilizados pela Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos em suas decisões, para determinar o conteúdo e alcance do exercício progressivo de direitos por parte de crianças e adolescentes. Para isso, foram analisados três casos contenciosos deste tribunal, a partir de um esquema de classificação de premissas, conforme a proposta de Chaïm Perelman e Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa procura mostrar a importância do Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos na construção de premissas argumentativas e também para a garantia dos direitos consagrados nos instrumentos internacionais de direitos humanos.Palavras-chave: Direitos da criança; Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos; Argumentação jurídica. ABSTRACTThis article aims to identify the argumentative agreements used by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in its decisions, to determine the content and scope of the progressive exercise of rights by children and adolescents. For this, three contentious cases of this court were analyzed, based on a classification scheme of premises, according to the proposal of Chaïm Perelman and Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca. In this sense, this research seeks to show the importance of the Inter-American System of Human Rights in the construction of argumentative premises, in addition to guaranteeing the rights enshrined in international human rights instruments.Keywords: Children’s rights; Inter-American Court of Human Rights; Legal argumentation. Recebido em 31 jan. 2020 | Aceito em 19 jul. 2020
Continuidades e Descontinuidades nos Governos Temer e Bolsonaro na Política Externa Brasileira (2016-2020) | Continuities and Discontinuities in the Governments Temer and Bolsonaro in Brazilian Foreign Policy (2016-2020)
Authors: Oliveira Moreira Danilo Sorato 
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo visa analisar as continuidades e as descontinuidades da Política Externa Brasileira dos governos Temer e Bolsonaro (2016-2020). A metodologia utiliza a discussão de literatura especializada e a análise de conteúdo dos formuladores de Política Externa Brasileira. O artigo argumenta que, nos temas da agenda internacional sobre comércio e Venezuela, os governos mantiveram elementos semelhantes como a prioridade na assinatura de acordos comerciais e o distanciamento progressivo com o venezuelanos. Em assuntos internacionais acerca da China e do conflito árabe-israelense, as administrações mantiveram elementos dessemelhantes como a crítica político-ideológica da parceria com o país asiático e o reposicionamento prioritário a Israel na questão entre israelenses e palestinos por Bolsonaro. Finalmente, defende-se que as tomadas de posição no comércio, na Venezuela, na China e no conflito árabe-israelense não trouxeram benefícios econômico-políticos ao Brasil no último quadriênio. Palavras-chave: Política Externa Brasileira; Temer; Bolsonaro.ABSTRACTThis article aims to analyze the continuities and discontinuities of the Brazilian Foreign Policy of the Temer and Bolsonaro governments (2016-2020). The methodology uses the discussion of specialized literature and a content analysis of the formulators of Brazilian Foreign Policy. The article argues that, on the themes of the international trade and Venezuela agenda, governments maintained similar elements such as the priority in signing trade agreements and the progressive distance with Venezuelans. In international affairs about China and the Arab-Israeli conflict, the administrations maintained elements such as the political-ideological criticism of the partnership with the Asian country and the priority repositioning of Israel on the issue between Israelis and Palestinians by Bolsonaro. Finally, it is argued that the entry of positions in trade, in Venezuela, in China and in the Arab-Israeli conflict did not bring economic-political benefits to Brazil in the last quadrennium.Keywords: Brazilian Foreign Policy; Temer; Bolsonaro. Recebido em: 06 jun. 2020 | Aceito em: 22 nov. 2020.
Critical Analyses of International Trade Liberalization and Links Between International Trade and Gender | Análise Crítica da Liberalização do Comércio Internacional e as ligações entre comércio internacional e gênero
Authors: Carvalho Patrícia Nasser de 
Published: December 2020

Based on a theoretical-exploratory research and focusing on the main arguments of the Trade and Gender Perspectives, this paper explains the different roles of woman in national economies from a critical viewpoint of the liberalization of international trade. It also discusses links between international trade and gender and how women and men are differently impacted by structural and conjuncture circumstances. These differences have defining repercussions to women and gender-differentiated distributional effects in domestic economies and in the global economy in the last four decades, which often reflect in disadvantages for women in the labor market compared with men. Lastly, the paper argues that the so called "feminization" of the workforce, as an important aspect of the globalization process. Countries and economic competition strategies take advantage of structural gender inequalities in countries of the Global South, concentrating investments in low-level tasks and encouraging hiring women in low-paid jobs.Keywords: trade; gender; inequalities. RESUMOCom base em uma pesquisa teórico-exploratória e com foco nos principais argumentos das Perspectivas Comércio e Gênero, este artigo explica os diferentes papeis da mulher nas economias nacionais, tomando um ponto de vista crítico sobre a liberalização do comércio internacional. Ele também discute os vínculos entre comércio internacional e gênero e como mulheres e homens são impactados de maneira diferente pelas circunstâncias estruturais e conjunturais. Essas diferenças têm repercussões definidoras para as mulheres e efeitos distributivos diferenciados por gênero na economia doméstica e global nas últimas quatro décadas, o que geralmente reflete em desvantagens para as mulheres no mercado de trabalho em comparação com os homens. Por fim, o artigo argumenta que a chamada "feminização" da força de trabalho, como um aspecto importante do processo de globalização. Os países e as estratégias de concorrência comercial se aproveitam das desigualdades estruturais entre homens e mulheres nos países do Sul Global, concentrando investimentos em tarefas de baixo nível e incentivando a contratação de mulheres em trabalhos mal remunerados.Palavras-chave: comércio; gênero; desigualdades. Recebido em: 23 jul. 2020 | Aceito em: 17 nov. 2020
PROTAGONISMO DE MULHERES NEGRAS NO CONTEXTO DE UMA CULTURA FABRIL
Authors: Mello Juçara Da Silva Barbosa 
Published: December 2020

O artigo tenciona discutir formas de opressão e discriminação a partir da intersecção de raça, gênero e classe, entendendo-as como manifestações entrecruzadas e dissimétricas. Faz isso a partir da análise de experiências específicas protagonizadas por mulheres negras imersas no universo fabril, com ênfase na memória de uma delas. Por fim, discute sobre possíveis causas do apagamento histórico do lugar específico dessas mulheres, apontando para a relevância social do desvendar dessas trajetórias.