bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Menuju desa tangguh bencana (di Desa Sirnoboyo)
Authors: Hendriyanto Agoes , Permata Nimas 
Published: April 2020

[Bahasa]: Bencana alam rutin yang dialami oleh masyarakat desa Sirnoboyo adalah bencana banjir yang banyak sekali kerugiannya yang pertama berdampak terhadap hasil pertanian dan merusak infrastruktur jalan dan jembatan. Kerugian dapat dikurangi dengan jalan menjadikan desa Sirinoboyo menuju Desa Tangguh Bencana. Untuk menuju Desa Tangguh Bencana dibutuhkan dana dan keseriusan pemerintah dalam rangka merubah skema pemikiran masyarakat yang merasa bahwa pembangunan memerlukan suatu kerja keras, gotong royong dan kebersamaan. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam pengabdian ingin melihat sejauh mana Bentuk kemandirian masyarakat Desa Sirnoboyo untuk mewujudkan Desa Tangguh bencana yang diwujudkan dalam Rencana Penanggulangan Bencana Desa Sirnoboyo Desa Tangguh Bencana di bagi menjadi 3 berdasarkan indikator yang telah ditetapkan. Sirnoboyo masuk katagori Desa tangguh Bencana Pratama dengan skor 31 dari 60 indikator. Untuk menuju Desa tangguh Bencana madya dan Utama memrlukan suatu perencanaan pembangunan dan kerja keras seluruh elemen masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat yang pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan kepedulian masyarakat terhadap arti pentingnya penaggulangan bencana. Rasa persaudaraan, kesetiakawanan, dan kekeluargaan masyarakat desa Sirnoboyo perlu ditingkatkan lagi guna mencapai Desa tangguh Bencana utama.
Kata Kunci: desa, tangguh bencana
Pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui komunikasi pembangunan bagi masyarakat nelayan di Sembalun Loang Baloq guna menjembatani kesenjangan sosial masyarakat
Authors: Najamudin Najamudin 
Published: April 2020

[Bahasa]: Kondisi masyarakat pesisir dan nelayan di lokasi pemberdayaan masih belum terbebas dari persoalan yang dihadapi oleh pelaku usaha kecil menengah meliputi, akses terhadap aset dan sumber-sumber modal terbatas, kebutuhan akan penguatan kelembagaan kelompok untuk pengembangan kapasitas pengelolaan sumber daya pesisir dan laut. Peran penting komunikasi pembangunan dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat pesisir adalah menjembatani kesenjangan yang terjadi antara kondisi masyarakat saat ini dengan kondisi yang ingin dicapai melalui proses-proses komunikasi yang partisipatif, dialogis dan memotivasi. Strategi komunikasi pembangunan untuk wilayah pesisir hendaknya spesifik lokasi, dengan mempertimbangkan hal-hal seperti program pembangunan perlu menjaga keseimbangan antara pembangunan fisik dan non fisik, tidak hanya mengejar pertumbuhan, tetapi harus menanamkan modal manusia untuk masa depan, pesan-pesan dalam komunikasi pembangunan tersebut ditentukan berdasarkan kebutuhan masyarakat nelayan dan ditransformasikan kepada masyarakat melalui metode-metode yang relevan dengan situasi dan kondisi setempat. Diperlukan perencanaan yang matang dalam rancang bangun strategi komunikasi pembangunan, melibatkan peran serta masyarakat pesisir dan stakeholders terkait dalam proses perencanaan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi hingga tindak lanjut dan sinkronisasi dan koordinasi antar stakeholders terkait dengan masyarakat pesisir dapat menjamin keberlanjutan program pembangunan dan mendorong terwujudnya struktur sosio-ekonomi masyarakat lokal yang kuat.
Kata Kunci: pemberdayaan masyarakat, komunikasi, pembangunan
Pelatihan keterampilan pembuatan perhiasan dari kawat (wire jewelry) di lingkungan Jempong Timur Mataram
Authors: Arifin Syamsul 
Published: April 2020

[Bahasa]: Jempong Timur merupakan lingkungan paling padat di wilayah Kelurahan Jempong Baru Kecamatan Sekarbela Kota Mataram. Populasinya mencapai 1.659 jiwa. Dari aspek ekonomi, sebagian besar warganya terbelit masalah kemiskinan. Kondisi ini dipandang sebagai penyebab munculnya stigma lingkungan tersebut sebagai “wilayah hitam” dalam perspektif sosiologis. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, pelatihan ini dikelola dengan menempuh berbagai strategi pra-pelaksanaan dan pelaksanaan. Strategi pra-pelaksanaan berupa kajian demografi, audiensi dengan pemerintah dan aparat Keluraharan, melakukan pendekatan dan kerja sama dengan pihak-pihak terkait, dan menyusun perencanaan pelatihan berdasarkan analisis kebutuhan personal, serta mempersiapkan materi, bahan, dan sarana pendukung. Sementara strategi pelaksanaan berkaitan dengan model pelatihan yang ditempuh berupa model pelatihan Off The Job Training dengan teknik informasi 30 % dan simulasi 70 %. Dengan strategi tersebut, pelatihan ini berhasil dalam tiga domain, yakni: 1) kognitif: a. peserta mampu menjelaskan jenis-jenis kawat yang digunakan sebagai bahan untuk membuat perhiasan; b, peserta mampu menjelaskan fungsi dan kegunaan berbagai jenis kawat dan mampu membedakan antara jenis kawat yang satu dengan kawat lainnya; c, peserta mampu menyebutkan jenis-jenis tang (peralatan) dan mampu menjelaskan kegunaannya; d, peserta mampu menyebutkan berbagai bahan yang dibutuhkan dalam pembuatan perhiasan dari kawat sesuai dengan jenis perhiasannya. 2) Psikomotok: Peserta mampu menggunakan tang secara tepat dan benar. Selanjutnya, mereka berhasil membuat perhiasan berupa kalung dari kawat. Namun, hanya enam orang peserta yang mampu membuat perhiasan yang dimaksud dengan kualifikasi sangat baik; 3) Afektif, sebagian peserta memiliki sikap positif berupa sikap kemandirian, kerja sama, sabar, tidak mudah menyerah dan optimis. Keberhasilan mencapai sikap dimaksud terlihat dari keterlibatan mereka selama proses pelatihan berlangsung.
Kata Kunci: pelatihan, keterampilan, perhiasan, dan kawat
A PERMANÊNCIA DO TRABALHO ESCRAVO NO SETOR DA PRODUÇÃO DE ROUPAS NO BRASIL NO SÉCULO XXI
Authors: Cunha Bruno César Castro , Romero y Galvaniz Lucas Dario , Alves Jacqueline 
Published: April 2020

Considerando-se que a cultura demora anos para sofrer modificações, é possível notar que diversas características permanecem na sociedade, mesmo sendo consideradas de concepções aparentemente já ultrapassadas. Neste sentido, o presente texto reporta a análise dos diferentes aspectos pelos quais o trabalho escravo tem passado ao longo dos anos no Brasil. Foram tecidas relações entre os conceitos moda, trabalho escravo e lei, fazendo-se sucinta análise do formato em que se desenvolvia tal prática na época da colonização e séculos seguintes, para posteriormente ser apresentado o atual formato no qual é observado o trabalho escravo no país, comumente denominado “análogo ao escravo”. Discorreram-se sobre os impactos que as medidas nacionais e internacionais de prevenção e combate a tal prática na sociedade. Na sequência foram apresentados casos julgados recentes no Brasil, os quais culminaram na condenação de grandes marcas dos seguimentos da moda e têxtil. A fim de comparar o teor dos referidos julgados, utilizou-se o recurso world clouds. Concluiu-se que as decisões apresentam similaridades, tanto em relação ao perfil dos envolvidos e à prática do trabalho análogo ao escravo per si, quanto em relação ao fato de que nas três permeiam a negativa de envolvimento das renomadas marcas.
Successes and Challenges of Using a Peer Mentor Model for Nutrition Education within a Food Pantry: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Oliver Tracy Lynn , McKeever Amy , Shenkman Rebecca , Diewald Lisa K. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Delivering nutrition education within an emergency food pantry (EFP) provides an opportunity to reach many food insecure households and underserved populations. However, little is known about using a peer mentor model, “Community Cooks,” as a modality to deliver nutrition education within this setting. This research aimed to identify the successes and challenges of using a peer mentor model within an EFP to better understand the best approaches to deliver nutrition education among community residents.Methods: In spring 2018, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eleven peer mentors after they delivered a series of nutrition workshops to community members of the EFP. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data.Results: All peer mentors were women over 40 years-of-age, were recruited from the EFP community; most were high school graduates and currently received some form of federal nutrition assistance. All peer mentors reported that the “Community Cooks” nutrition education program offered many benefits. Key successes of the program included serving in the role as a peer mentor was an empowering experience which gave them a sense of community, purpose, and camaraderie; 2) the nutrition education was appropriately tailored towards those living with food insecurity; 3) the recipes required minimal cooking skills and included low-cost easily accessible foods available at the EFP. Key challenges of the program were the lack of community member engagement in the nutrition education workshops. Conclusion: Challenges continue to exist when delivering nutrition education within a community EFP setting. While the use of peer mentors to deliver nutrition education messages is promising, more research is needed to quantify the impact of using a peer mentor model in underserved and food insecure communities.
Association of diet-related knowledge, attitude, behaviors and self-rated health among Chinese adults: a population-based study
Authors: Yang Ying , He Di , Wei Liuyi , Wang Shizhen , Chen Lei , Luo Mi , Mao Zongfu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: Diet and nutrition play an important role in one’s health status. The objectives of this study were to (a) determine knowledge, attitude, and behaviors (KABs) related to diet among a sample of Chinese adults, and (b) assess the association between diet-related KABs and self-rated health.Methods: We analyzed the 2015 CHNS data. Individuals aged 18 years and older were included as study subjects (n = 12,814). Five variables were selected to assess diet-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors. Comparison of diet-related KABs in urban and rural was conducted using chi-square test. Ordinal logistic regression was conducted to quantify the association between diet-related KABs and self-rated health.Results: The awareness proportion for Chinese diet pagoda/DGCR was 27.1%, and only 34.3% of the subjects were assessed as having adequate dietary knowledge literacy. 24.3% reported positive attitude towards healthy diet. 27.6% and 65.9% reported the behavior of actively looking for nutrition knowledge and eating fruit & vegetables, respectively. Chi-square test indicated that rural residents experienced significant poorer diet-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors than urban (all p-values < 0.01). Adjusted ORs with 95% CI revealed significant association between diet-related KABs and self-rated health.Conclusions: Chinese adults experienced poor diet-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors, while rural residents were significantly worse than urban. Better diet-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors was associated with higher self-rated health.
Two Nucleoporin98 homologous genes jointly participate in the regulation of starch degradation to repress senescence in Arabidopsis
Authors: Xiao Long , Jiang Shanshan , Huang Penghui , Chen Fulu , Wang Xu , Cheng Zhiyuan , Miao Yuchen , Liu Liangyu , Searle Iain , Liu Chunyan , Wu Xiaoxia , Fu Yong-Fu , Chen Qingshan , Zhang Xiaomei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Starch is synthesized during the day for temporary storage in leaves and then degraded during the subsequent night to support plant growth and development. Impairment of starch degradation leads to stunted growth, even senescence and death. The nuclear pore complex is involved in many cellular processes, but its relationship with starch degradation is unclear until now. We previously identified two Nucleoporin98 (Nup98) genes (Nup98a and Nup98b) redundantly regulated flowering through CONSTANS (CO) independent pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. The nup98a-1 nup98b-1 double mutant also showed severe senescence phenotypes. Results: We found that Nucleoporin 98 (Nup98) participated in the regulation of sugar metabolism in leaves and in turn is involved in senescence regulation in Arabidopsis. We show that Nup98a and Nup98b redundantly function in the different steps of starch degradation and the nup98a-1 nup98b-1 double mutant accumulates more starch than wild type plants and has a severe early senescence phenotype compared to wild type plants. The expression of marker genes related to starch degradation was impaired in the nup98a-1 nup98b-1 double mutant, and indicator genes of carbon starvation and senescence expressed earlier in the nup98a-1 nup98b-1 double mutant than that in wild type plants, suggesting abnormality of energy metabolism was the cause of senescence of the nup98a-1 nup98b-1 double mutant. Addition of sucrose to the growth medium can rescue early senescence phenotype of the nup98a-1 nup98b-1 mutant. Conclusions: Our results provide a line of evidence on a novel role of the nuclear pore complex in energy metabolism related to growth and development, whereas Nup98 functions in starch degradation conferring growth regulation in Arabidopsis.
Improving the efficiency of reactive case detection for malaria elimination in southern Zambia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bhondoekhan Fiona R.P. , Searle Kelly M. , Hamapumba Harry , Lubinda Mukuma , Matoba Japhet , Musonda Michael , Katowa Ben , Shields Timothy M. , Kobayashi Tamaki , Norris Douglas , Curriero Frank C , Stevenson Jennifer C. , Thuma Philip E. , Moss William J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Reactive case detection (RCD) seeks to enhance malaria surveillance and control by identifying and treating parasitaemic individuals residing near index cases. In Zambia, this strategy starts with passive detection of symptomatic incident malaria cases at local health facilities or by community health workers, with subsequent home visits to screen-and-treat residents in the index case and neighbouring (secondary) households within a 140-metre radius using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). However, a small circular radius may not be the most efficient strategy to identify parasitaemic individuals in low-endemic areas with hotspots of malaria transmission. To evaluate if RCD efficiency could be improved by increasing the probability of identifying parasitaemic residents, environmental risk factors were assessed in a region of low malaria endemicity. Methods Between January 12, 2015 and July 26, 2017, 4,170 individuals residing in 158 index and 531 secondary households were enrolled and completed a baseline questionnaire in the catchment area of Macha Hospital in Choma District, Southern Province, Zambia. Plasmodium falciparum prevalence was measured using PfHRP2 RDTs and quantitative PCR (qPCR). A Quickbird™ high-resolution satellite image of the catchment area was used to create environmental risk factors in ArcGIS, and generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate associations between risk factors and secondary households with parasitaemic individuals. Results The parasite prevalence in secondary (non-index case) households was 0.7% by RDT and 1.8% by qPCR. Overall, 8.5% (n = 45) of secondary households had at least one resident with parasitaemia by qPCR or RDT. The risk of a secondary household having a parasitaemic resident was significantly increased in proximity to higher order streams and marginally with increasing distance from index households. The adjusted OR for proximity to third- and fifth-order streams were 2.97 (95% CI: 1.04 – 8.42) and 2.30 (95% CI: 1.04 – 5.09), respectively, and that for distance to index households for each 50 metres was 1.24 (95% CI: 0.98– 1.58). Conclusion Applying proximity to streams as a screening tool, 16% (n = 3) more malaria-positive secondary households were identified compared to using a 140-metre circular screening radius. This analysis highlights the potential use of environmental risk factors as a screening strategy to increase RCD efficiency.
Recombinant PAL/PilE/FlaA DNA vaccine provides protective immunity against Legionella pneumophila in BALB/c mice
Authors: Chen Yingying , Yang Zehui , Dong Ying , Chen Yu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Legionella pneumophila (L.pneumophila), a Gram-negative small microorganism, causes hospital-acquired pneumonia especially in immunocompromised patients. Vaccination may be an effective method for preventing L.pneumophila infection. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a better vaccine against this disease. In this study, we developed a recombinant peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein (PAL)/type IV pilin (PilE)/lagellin (FlaA) DNA vaccine and evaluated its immunogenicity and efficacy to protect against L.pneumophila infection. Results: According to the results, the expression of PAL, PilE, FlaA proteins and PAL/PilE/FlaA fusion protein in 293 cells was confirmed. Immunization with PAL/PilE/FlaA DNA vaccine resulted in highest IgG titer and strongest cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. Furthermore, the histopathological changes in lung tissues of mice challenged with a lethal dose of L.pneumophila were alleviated by PAL/PilE/FlaA DNA vaccine immunization. The production of T-helper-1 (Th1) cytokines (IFNγ, TGF-α, and IL-12), and Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) were promoted in PAL/PilE/FlaA DNA vaccine group. Finally, immunization with PAL/PilE/FlaA vaccine raised the survival rate of mice to 100% after challenging with a lethal dose of L.pneumophila for 10 consecutive days. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the newly developed PAL/PilE/FlaA DNA vaccine stimulates strong humoral and cellular immune responses and may be a potential intervention on L.pneumophila infection.
NaCl improves reproduction by enhancing starch accumulation in the ovules of the euhalophyte Suaeda salsa
Authors: Guo Jianrong , Du Ming , Lu Chaoxia , Wang Baoshan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Halophytes show optimal reproduction under high-salinity conditions. However, the role of NaCl in reproduction and its possible mechanisms in the euhalophyte Suaeda salsa remain to be elucidated. Results: We performed transcript profiling of S. salsa flowers and measured starch accumulation in ovules, sugar contents in flowers, and photosynthetic parameters in the leaves of plants supplied with 0 and 200 mM NaCl. Starch accumulation in ovules, sugar contents in flowers and ovules, and net photosynthetic rate and photochemical efficiency in leaves were significantly higher in NaCl-treated plants vs. the control. We identified 14,348 differentially expressed genes in flowers of NaCl-treated vs. control plants. Many of these genes were predicted to be associated with photosynthesis, carbon utilization, and sugar and starch metabolism. These genes are crucial for maintaining photosystem structure, regulating electron transport, and improving photosynthetic efficiency in NaCl-treated plants. In addition, genes encoding fructokinase and sucrose phosphate synthase were upregulated in flowers of NaCl-treated plants. Conclusions: The higher starch and sugar contents in the ovules and flowers of S. salsa in response to NaCl treatment are likely due to the upregulation of genes involved in photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism, which increase photosynthetic efficiency and accumulation of photosynthetic products under these conditions.
The combined effect of socioeconomic status and metabolic syndrome on depression: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)
Authors: Kim Byungmi , Park Eun Young 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Depression shows different patterns depending on socioeconomic status (SES) and metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the nature of this association remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to examine whether the combination of MS and lower SES was associated with the prevalence of depression, based on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).Methods: Data were obtained from a cross-sectional study of 24,102 adults (>19 years of age) who participated in the KNHANES during 2008–2013 and for whom MS and depression data were available. MS was defined using the diagnostic criteria of the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Measure of depression was ascertained from self-reports of physician diagnosis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between depression and MS as well as SES (alone and in combination). Results: Overall, 622 of the 24,102 subjects (2.6%) met the criteria for depression. The prevalence of depression was associated with MS, a lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, an elevated triglyceride level, a lower education level, and a lower household income. Participants with MS and a low SES had a higher likelihood of depression than those without MS and a high SES (odds ratio [OR]=4.180 for low education level and OR=3.994 for low household income level). Conclusions: This study suggests that the combination of SES and MS may play an important role in depression, which has implications for healthcare policy and depression management.
The evaluation of Suchana, a large-scale development program to prevent chronic undernutrition in north-eastern Bangladesh
Authors: Choudhury Nuzhat , Raihan Mohammad Jyoti , Ahmed S M Tanvir , Islam Kazi Eliza , Self Vanessa , Rahman Shahed , Schofield Lilly , Hall Andrew , Ahmed Tahmeed 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Evidence of the impact of community-based nutrition programs is uncommon for two main reasons: the lack of untreated controls, and implementation does not account for the evaluation design. Suchana is a large-scale program to prevent malnutrition in children in Sylhet Division, Bangladesh by improving the livelihoods and nutrition knowledge of poor and very poor households. Suchana is being implemented in 157 unions, the smallest administrative unit of government, in two districts of Sylhet. Suchana will deliver a package of interventions to poor people in about 40 randomly selected new unions annually over four years, until all are covered. All beneficiaries will receive the normal government nutrition services. For evaluation purposes the last 40 unions will act as a control for the first 40 intervention unions. The remaining unions will receive the program but will not take part in the evaluation. A baseline survey was conducted in both intervention and control unions; it will be repeated after three years to estimate the impact on the prevalence of stunted children and other indicators.This stepped wedge design has several advantages for both the implementation and evaluation of services, as well as some disadvantages. The units of delivery are randomized, which controls for other influences on outcomes; the program supports government service delivery systems, so it is replicable and scalable; and the program can be improved over time as lessons are learned. The main disadvantages are the difficulty of estimating the impact of each component of the program, and the geographical distribution of unions, which increases program delivery costs. Stepped implementation allows a cluster randomized trial to be achieved within a large-scale poverty alleviation program and phased-in and scaled-up over a period of time. This paper may encourage evaluators to consider how to estimate attributable impact by using stepped implementation, which allows the counterfactual group eventually to be treated.