bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Features of the formation of productivity signs of the yielding capacity in winter wheat varieties under different growing conditions
Authors: Bazalii V. V. , Boichuk I. V. , Lavrynenko Ya. O. , Bazalii H. H. , Domaratskyi Ye. O. , Larchenko O. V. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. Further improvement and application of modern methods of wheat breeding of different types of development for adaptiveness caused by change in the character of manifestation of limiting environmental factors under conditions of the Southern Ukrainian Steppe. Methods. Field experiment, selection and genetic, calculation and comparison research methods were used. Wheat varieties of different genetic and ecological origin under different growing conditions were examined. Results. Analysis of the parameters of plasticity and stability of the elements of the yield structure in winter wheat varieties under different growing conditions revealed that their variability depends on both genotype and ecological gradients. For instance, by the weight of grain from ears only the varieties Kirena and Yaroslavna were distinguished by a high reaction to changes in growing conditions (bi= 1,215 – 1,635) among the analyzed genotypes, the other varieties Askaniiska, Askaniiska Berehynia, Znakhidka odeska and Klarisa manifested quite high plasticity (bi= 0,454 – 0,816). There was an analogous situation in the formation of the number of grains per ear. It is necessary to highlight an important biological feature of these varieties which formed the highest actual productivity under late sowing conditions and different sowing rates when compared to other varieties and realized its potentialities better. Conclusions.The research determined that every wheat variety of different development types should be considered in the aspect of its reaction to different growing conditions and to the capability of realizing genetic potential in a particular ecological region. The results of estimation of adaptiveness potential determined a high degree of homeostaticity in the winter wheat varieties Askaniiska, Askaniiska Berehynia, Perlyna and the variety of an alternative type Klarisa.
Keywords: winter wheat, varieties of alternative types, adaptiveness, plasticity, stability.
Interaction of VRN and PPD genes in the regulation of the development of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Zhmurko V. V. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. To reveal the effects of the VRN and PPD genes on the rate of development of winter wheat in absence of vernalization and after its completion with different durations of the photoperiod. Methods. Winter-type development lines of the Mironovskaya 808 variety, isogenic with respect to the PPD genes. VRN genes are recessive in all lines. Plants were grown under the conditions of a growing experiment from non-vernalized seeds (1 group of all lines), and also after vernalization (2 group of all lines) at 20-22°C. Both groups were grown under long (18 hours) and short (9 hours) photoperiods. The pace of development was determined by the timing of the transition of plants to spiking. Results. In the absence of vernalization on a short day, isogenic lines with dominant genes PPD-D1a and PPD-B1a and cultivar (all genes are PPD recessive) passed to earing, and the line with the dominant PPD-A1a gene remained in the tillering phase until the end of the experiment. On a long day, all investigated lines and cultivar did not spike until the end of the experiment (200 days). After vernalization was completed, all the studied lines under the conditions of a short photoperiod were earing later than on a long day, but the line with the dominant PPD-B1a gene was the latest. Conclusions. The VRN and PPD genes interact in the regulation of winter wheat development - they are “interchangeable” in terms of developmental effects depending on a combination of temperature and photoperiodic conditions.
Keywords: winter wheat, (Triticum aestivum L.), vernalization, photoperiod, development rates, VRN and PPD genes.
Marker-assisted selection for the gene of β-carotene hydroxylase in maize
Authors: Zatyshniak O. V. , Cherchel V. Yu. , Dziubetskyi B. V. , Zhang Jumei , Jin Hui , Zhang Rui , Denysiuk K. V. , Satarova T. M. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. Estimation of the allelic status of marker crtRB1-3'TE of the β-carotene hydroxylase gene and marker-assisted selection by this marker in Ukrainian maize breeding material. Methods. Field method and polymerase chain reaction. Results. The analysis of the allelic state of β-carotene hydroxylase gene for marker crtRB1-3'TE in maize breeding populations (DK23×F2)F2 and (DK23×F2)F3MAS having been obtained after the first and second self-pollinations of single cross DK23×F2 was provided. It was established that the parental inbred lines DK23 and F2 contained respectively 296 bp (unfavorable) and 543 bp (favorable) alleles of marker crtRB1-3'TE. The three kinds of genotypes appeared to present at different frequencies in (DK23×F2)F2 – homozygous for allele 296 bp, homozygous for allele 543 bp and heterozygous with both alleles 296 bp and 543 bp. For further cultivation and self-pollination, only plants with allele 543 bp within (DK23×F2)F2 were selected. All tested plants in population (DK23×F2)F3MAS were homozygous for allele 543 bp. Conclusions. Marker-associated selection in two generations for the β-carotene hydroxylase gene, involved in β-carotene accumulation, allowed to select homozygous plants of maize by favorable crtRB1-3'TE allele.
Keywords: Zea mays L., molecular genetic markers, carotenoids, breeding populations, allele.
Creation of new forms of feeding cereal grasses from A to Z
Authors: Kondratskaya I. P. , Stolepchenko V. A. , Yuknimuk A. N. , Vasko P. P. , Chizhik O. V. , Kozlovskaya Z. H. , Deeva A. M. , Mazur T. V. , Reshetnikov V. N. , Voyzehovska E. A. , Pryadkina H. A. , Vasiljevic S. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. To create a new cultivars of perennial cereal grasses with the high feeding and seed productivity, longevity, drought resistance and freezing tolerance in order to increase the quality of livestock super-elite seeds production. DNA certification of economically valuable properties estimation. Methods. Hybridization, a partially known combination. Embryo culture method from immature caryopsis with completion of growing in a nutrient medium. Techniques of plant tissue culture (initiation, multiplication, rooting and adaptation in vitro plants to ex vitro conditions. DNA certification was performed using SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) marker system. Results. The new competitively cultivar of Agropyron cristatum "Malarytsky" have been created. The system of the cultivar and parental forms registration in the form of molecular genetic passports is presented. Conclusions. The cultivar of Agropyron cristatum "Malarytsky" was turned over to the State Institution “The State Inspection for Testing and Protection of Plant Varieties” for state testing and for inclusion in the State Register of Varieties. The economic efficiency of this new feeding culture cultivating for Belarus and countries with sharply continental climate is presented.
Keywords: Agropyron cristatum, hybridization, cul populations, in vitro, water-soluble carbohydrates, DNA certification, molecular genetic passports, cultivar.
Generation and initial characterization of a collection of spontaneous Streptomyces albus J1074 mutants resistant to rifampicin
Authors: Ostash B. O. , Misaki Yu. , Dolya B. S. , Kharaton Ya. I. , Busche T. , Luzhetskyy A. M. , Kalinowski J. , Ochi K. , Fedorenko V. O. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. Streptomyces albus J1074 is one of the most popular streptomycete chassis for heterologous expression of natural product (NP) biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). There is keen interest in further improvement of the strain to provide increased yields of corresponding NPs. Introduction of certain types of antibiotic resistance mutations is a proven way to improve Streptomyces strains. For example, selection for increased resistance to rifampicin is known to lead to increased antibiotic activity. Here we used available lineages of antibiotic-resistant mutants of S. albus to raise rifampicin-resistant variants (Rifr) and to study their properties. Methods. Microbiological and molecular genetic approaches were combined to generate Rifr mutants and to study their properties. Results. By plating S. albus onto GYM agar supplemented with 10 mcg/mL of rifampicin, we isolated 85 stable Rifr colonies, whose resistance level was within 10-200 mcg/mL range. Sequencing revealed wide spectrum of missense mutations within rpoB gene. Bioassays demonstrated dramatically increased endogenous antibiotic activity of certain Rifr mutants. Conclusions. Selection for rifampicin resistance is a viable way to increase the yields of NPs in S. albus.
Keywords: Streptomyces albus J1074, antibiotic resistance, rifampicin.
Analysis of the embryos genetic characteristics and methodologies of human translocations research
Authors: Verlinsky O. Y. , Gontar J. V. , Kazachkova N. I. , Laxhno Y. V. , Ilyin I. E. , Fedota O. M. 
Published: November 2020

Aim. Assessment of the embryos genetic characteristics from translocation carriers and analysis of the translocation research methodology. Methods. The chromosome structure was analyzed using classical cytogenetics methods, GTG, FISH. Preimplantation genetic testing to identify structural rearrangements of the embryos chromosomes was performed on trophectoderm cells using NGS and FISH methods. Results. The proportion of translocation carriers in the sample of patients with reproductive disorders (n = 6156) was 1.1 %, with 0.4 % – for Robertson translations and 0.8 % for reciprocal ones. 5-day-old embryos with balanced reciprocal translocations are 3-4 times less than with unbalanced ones. Euploid embryos with balanced variants from translocation carriers-mothers and -fathers, amounted to 14.3 % and 12.5 %. Aneuploid embryos with unbalanced translocations accounted for 59.2 % of mothers and 63.2 % of fathers of all received embryos, 80.6 % and 77.8 % of unbalanced ones. Conclusions. Understanding the prevalence of segmental karyotype disorders among the population and modern research methods allows to optimize reproductive care for patients.
Keywords: reciprocal translocations, embryos, PGT-SR, NGS, FISH.
The land flatworm Amaga expatria (Geoplanidae) in Guadeloupe and Martinique: new reports and molecular characterization including complete mitogenome
Authors: Justine Jean-Lou , Gey Delphine , Thévenot Jessica , Gastineau Romain , Jones Hugh D. 
Published: November 2020

Background
The land flatworm Amaga expatria Jones & Sterrer, 2005 (Geoplanidae) was described from two specimens collected in Bermuda in 1963 and 1988 and not recorded since.

Methods
On the basis of a citizen science project, we received observations in the field, photographs and specimens from non-professionals and local scientists in Martinique and Guadeloupe. We barcoded (COI) specimens from both islands and studied the histology of the reproductive organs of one specimen. Based on Next Generation Sequencing, we obtained the complete mitogenome of A. expatria and some information on its prey from contaminating DNA.

Results
We add records from 2006 to 2019 in two French islands of the Caribbean arc, Guadeloupe (six records) and Martinique (14 records), based on photographs obtained from citizen science and specimens examined. A specimen from Martinique was studied for histology of the copulatory organs and barcoded for the COI gene; its anatomy was similar to the holotype, therefore confirming species identification. The COI gene was identical for several specimens from Martinique and Guadeloupe and differed from the closest species by more than 10%; molecular characterisation of the species is thus possible by standard molecular barcoding techniques. The mitogenome is 14,962 bp in length and contains 12 protein coding genes, two rRNA genes and 22 tRNA genes; for two protein genes it was not possible to determine the start codon. The mitogenome was compared with the few available mitogenomes from geoplanids and the most similar was Obama nungara, a species from South America. An analysis of contaminating DNA in the digestive system suggests that A. expatria preys on terrestrial molluscs, and citizen science observations in the field suggest that prey include molluscs and earthworms; the species thus could be a threat to biodiversity of soil animals in the Caribbean.
Loading history changes the morphology and compressive force-induced expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand/osteoprotegerin in MLO-Y4 osteocytes
Authors: Wang Ziyi , Weng Yao , Ishihara Yoshihito , Odagaki Naoya , Ei Hsu Hlaing Ei , Izawa Takashi , Okamura Hirohiko , Kamioka Hiroshi 
Published: November 2020

Background
In this study, we investigated the effect of the mechanical loading history on the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cells.

Methods
Three hours after MLO-Y4 osteocytes were seeded, a continuous compressive force (CCF) of 31 dynes/cm2 with or without additional CCF (32 dynes/cm2) was loaded onto the osteocytes. After 36 h, the additional CCF (loading history) was removed for a recovery period of 10 h. The expression of RANKL, OPG, RANKL/OPG ratio, cell numbers, viability and morphology were time-dependently examined at 0, 3, 6 and 10 h. Then, the same additional CCF was applied again for 1 h to all osteocytes with or without the gap junction inhibitor to examine the expression of RANKL, OPG, the RANKL/OPG ratio and other genes that essential to characterize the phenotype of MLO-Y4 cells. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching technique was also applied to test the differences of gap-junctional intercellular communications (GJIC) among MLO-Y4 cells.

Results
The expression of RANKL and OPG by MLO-Y4 osteocytes without a loading history was dramatically decreased and increased, respectively, in response to the 1-h loading of additional weight. However, the expression of RANKL, OPG and the RANKL/OPG ratio were maintained at the same level as in the control group in the MLO-Y4 osteocytes with a loading history but without gap junction inhibitor treatment. Treatment of loading history significantly changed the capacity of GJIC and protein expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) but not the mRNA expression of Cx43. No significant difference was observed in the cell number or viability between the MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cells with and without a loading history or among different time checkpoints during the recovery period. The cell morphology showed significant changes and was correlated with the expression of OPG, Gja1 and Dmp1 during the recovery period.

Conclusion
Our findings indicated that the compressive force-induced changes in the RANKL/OPG expression could be habituated within at least 11 h by 36-h CCF exposure. GJIC and cell morphology may play roles in response to loading history in MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cells.
COVID-19 infection: Disease detection and mobile technology
Authors: Verma Jaya , Mishra Amar Shankar 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundA pneumonia outbreak of unknown etiology took place in Wuhan, Hubei province, China and spread quickly worldwide in December 2019. Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention identified a novel beta-coronavirus called 2019-nCoV, now officially known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) that is responsible for the pandemic. The coronavirus COVID-19 affected 215 countries and territories around the world and more than 99 hundred thousand people at present (Nature Nanotechnology, 2020). At present, there are no specific vaccines or treatments available for COVID-19. However, there are many ongoing clinical trials evaluating potential treatments. At this time the experts recommend precautions such as social distancing, hand washing, and wearing face masks to reduce disease transmission. This review article aims to improve the readers’ awareness towards the important role of mobile technology for SARS-CoV-2.MethodologyTo achieve this objective, we performed a COVID-19 literature review from various sources that include data from the published articles as well as World Health Organization reports on coronavirus disease and how mobile technology is useful to fight against this disease.ResultsMobile technology can be helpful in mapping disease spread and provides an easy way to provide awareness that promotes safety and adoption of necessary precautions to mitigate and stop community transmission.ConclusionThe spread rate of COVID-19 is very high and until now no vaccines are available to control this disease. To this end we should leverage other avenues such as digital technologies to protect ourselves from this disease. Mobile technology such as smartphones are playing an important role in this pandemic, by launching apps to track coronavirus infected people. These apps are very easy to use and provide self-isolation guidelines as well as other safety tips.
Agronomic Practices to Enhance Nutrient Acquisition, Grain Quality, Resource-Use Efficiency in Direct- Seeded Aerobic Rice in Eastern India
Authors: Singh Arjun , Dass Anchal , Dhar Shiva , Singh C. V. , Sudhishri S. , Choudhary Anil K. , Rajanna G. A. , Choudhary Saroj , Pal Ajay , Singh Raj 
Published: November 2020

Aim: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is mainly grown in the rainy season in eastern India on rainfed uplands with a low average productivity of 1.0-1.4 t ha-1. Erratic rainfall leading to moisture stress and poor cultivation practices are the key reasons for low yields and rice grain quality in the area. Hence, the current study was designed to investigate the effects of irrigation scheduling, soil adjuvant and sowing methods on yield, grain quality and resource-use efficiency in aerobic rice.
Methodology: The experiment was conducted in a three-time replicated split-plot design during rainy-season of 2016 on a sandy loam soil in Eastern India. Treatments included 8 combinations of 4-irrigation schedules, viz., irrigation at IW/CPE 0.9, 1.2, 1.5 and no-irrigation (rainfed) and 2-soil adjutants (soil adjuvant applied and no-soil adjuvant) assigned to main-plots, and 2-planting methods (conventional dry seeding at 20 cm row spacing and spot-sowing (dibbling of 4-seeds hill-1 at 20×15 cm interval) assigned to sub-plots.
Results: Irrigation at IW/CPE 1.5 increased grain yield by 37.3% over rainfed crop, 23% over crop irrigated at IW/CPE 0.9 and 13.5% over IW/CPE 1.2. Grain quality parameters were also best, in crop watered at IW/CPE 1.5. Net return, B: C ratio, net energy output, production efficiency (PE) and monetary efficiency (ME) were significantly greater with irrigation at IW/CPE 1.5 compared to other irrigation schedules. Spot-sowing proved superior to conventional drilling of seeds exhibiting about 7% improvement in grain yield and water-use efficiency (WUE). Effect of soil adjuvant application was not significant.
Interpretation: This study emphatically demonstrated that aerobic rice should be spot-sown and irrigated at IW/CPE 1.5, for obtaining higher yield with better grain quality. The findings are useful for aerobic rice production in eastern India and adjoining sub-humid regions.
An Assessment of Azithromycin Prescribed Interactions’ at the Outpatient Setting
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. , Mangi Altaf Ali , Menshawy Menshawy A. , Almalki Ziyad S. , Alhajri Mohammed A. 
Published: November 2020

Aims: The present study was designed to identify and assess the severity of azithromycin interactions with other drugs in the outpatient setting in Alkharj.
Methodology: A retrospective analysis was performed of azithromycin prescriptions in the outpatient setting in a public hospital in Alkharj in order to determine the incidence of interactions between azithromycin and other medications.
Results: There were 182 prescriptions included in the study. There was a major interaction in only 1 prescription (0.55%) and moderate interactions in 15.30% of the prescriptions. So the percentage of overall interactions was about 20.88%. The most common drug interactions in the present study were between azithromycin and salbutamol.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the interactions between azithromycin with other medications were common, but these interactions could lead to irregular heart rhythm and lead to muscle pain and weakness. Adoption of international standard and locally conformable guidelines of antibiotic use can help in avoiding such problems.
Physicochemical Properties in 3D Hydrogel Modulate Cellular Reprogramming into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Kim Deogil , Cha Byung‐Hyun , Ahn Jinsung , Arai Yoshie , Choi Bogyu , Lee Soo‐Hong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the biophysical relationships between stem cells and applied biomaterials can facilitate the ability to control the functions and behaviors of stem cells. However, the role of 3D microenvironment in stem cell biology remains largely unexplored, compared with that of 2D cell‐culture environment. Here, a new strategy that improves the efficacy of Yamanaka's four‐factor‐induced cellular reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by incorporating cues derived from the 3D microenvironment and biophysical ligands is reported. Among the various 3D hydrogel systems tested, methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel significantly improves cellular reprogramming into iPSCs. Additionally, the initial upregulation of CD44 in encapsulated cells in low‐level methacrylated soft HA hydrogel accelerates the reprogramming. In conclusion, the reported HA hydrogel with low modulus accelerates reprogramming into iPSCs and thus offers potential advantages for translational applications.
A Living Biotic–Abiotic Composite that can Switch Function Between Current Generation and Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Su Yude , McCuskey Samantha R. , Leifert Dirk , Moreland Alex S. , Zhou Lingyun , Llanes Luana C. , Vazquez Ricardo J. , Sepunaru Lior , Bazan Guillermo C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPower generation and charge storage devices are commonly uncoupled when it comes to the design of materials relevant for their fabrication. Here, it is demonstrated that the biotic–abiotic composite comprising the self‐doped conjugated polyelectrolyte CPE‐K and electrogenic bacteria Shewanella oneidensis MR‐1 can reversibly switch its function between electrical current generation in chronoamperometry mode (≈150 mA m−2) and electrochemical energy storage as a pseudocapacitor with a specific capacitance of up to 80 F g−1. Interconversion of desirable properties for the different functions is achieved by the simple addition and removal of Mg2+ in the bulk electrolyte. Potentiostatic, galvanostatic, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy characterization, accompanied by imaging and cell viability tests, indicate that the modulation of properties is a result of reversible changes in CPE‐K macrostructures and in the number of living bacteria within the composite. The results show the possibility to realize an “on‐demand” switch between current generation and charge storage by one integrated “living” material.