bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular assessment of kelch13 non-synonymous mutations in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Central African Republic (2017–2019)
Authors: Nzoumbou-Boko Romaric , Panté-Wockama Chris-Boris Gildas , Ngoagoni Carine , Petiot Nathalie , Legrand Eric , Vickos Ulrich , Gody Jean-Chrysostome , Manirakiza Alexandre , Ndoua Christophe , Lombard Jean-Pierre , Menard Didier 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Over the last decade, Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACT) have contributed substantially to the decrease in malaria-related morbidity and mortality. The emergence of Plasmodium falciparum parasites resistant to artemisinin derivatives in Southeast Asia and the risk of their spread or of local emergence in sub-Saharan Africa are a major threat to public health. This study thus set out to estimate the proportion of P. falciparum isolates, with PfKelch13 gene mutations associated with artemisinin resistance previously detected in Southeast Asia. Methods: Blood samples were collected in two sites of Bangui, the capital of the Central African Republic form 2017 to 2019. DNA was extracted and nested PCR were carried out to detect Plasmodium species and mutations in the propeller domain of the PfKelch13 gene. Results: A total of 255 P. falciparum isolates were analyzed. Among them, P. ovale DNA was found in four samples (1.57%, 4/255). Of 187 samples with interpretable PfKelch13 sequences, four isolates presented a mutation in the PfKelch13 gene (2.1%, 4/187), including one non-synonymous mutation (Y653N) (0.5%, 1/187). This mutation has never been described as associated with artemisinin resistance in Southeast Asia and its in vitro phenotype is unknown. Conclusion: This preliminary study indicates the need for a larger study on samples collected across the whole country along with the evaluation of in vitro and in vivo phenotype profiles of PfKelch13 mutant parasites to estimate the risk of artemisinin resistance in the CAR.
Sex differences in the relationship between dietary pattern adherence and cognitive function among older adults: Findings from the NuAge study
Authors: D’Amico Danielle , Parrott Matthew D. , Greenwood Carol E. , Ferland Guylaine , Gaudreau Pierrette , Belleville Sylvie , Laurin Danielle , Anderson Nicole D. , Kergoat Marie-Jeanne , Morais Jose A. , Presse Nancy , Fiocco Alexandra J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Consumption of a prudent dietary pattern rich in healthy nutrients is associated with enhanced cognitive performance in older adulthood, while a Western dietary pattern low in healthy nutrients is associated with poor age-related cognitive function. Sex differences exist in dietary intake among older adults; however, there is a paucity of research examining the relationship between sex-specific dietary patterns and cognitive function in later life. Methods The current study aimed to investigate sex differences in the relationship between sex-specific dietary pattern adherence and global cognitive function at baseline and over a 3-year follow-up in 1268 community-dwelling older adults ( M age =74 years, 52% women) from the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging (NuAge). A Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to estimate dietary intake. Sex-specific dietary pattern scores were derived using principal component analysis. Global cognition was assessed using the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS). Results Adjusted linear mixed effects models indicated that a healthy, prudent dietary pattern was not associated with baseline cognitive performance in men or women. No relationship was found between Western dietary pattern adherence and baseline cognitive function in women. Among men, adherence to an unhealthy, Western dietary pattern was associated with poorer baseline cognitive function ( β = -0.652, p = 0.02). No association was found between prudent or Western dietary patterns and cognitive change over time in men or women. Conclusions These findings highlight the importance of conducting sex-based analyses in aging research and suggest that the relationship between dietary pattern adherence and cognitive function in late life may be sex-dependent.
Comparison of Childbirth Experiences and Postpartum Depression in Three Groups of Primiparous Women with no Participation, Irregular Participation and Regular Participation in Childbirth Preparation Classes
Authors: Hassanzadeh Robab , Abbas-Alizadeh Fateme , Meedya Shahla , Charandabi Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh , Mirghafourvand Mojgan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Assessment of women’s childbirth experience is an important indicator of maternal care systems. Positive childbirth experiences improve mothers’ health, whereas negative childbirth experiences can cause psychological stresses and, in extreme cases, may lead to postpartum depression. This study compared childbirth experiences and postpartum depression levels in three groups of primiparous women with no participation, irregular participation, and regular participation in childbirth preparation classes. Methods In this cohort study, 204 primiparous women at 35-37 weeks of gestation were selected using cluster sampling from the health centers of Tabriz, Iran. The participants were assigned to three groups of no participation, irregular participation (attending 1-3 sessions), and regular participation (attending 4-8 sessions) in childbirth preparation classes. Interviews were conducted one month after delivery to complete the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The general linear model (GLM) was used to compare childbirth experience and postpartum depression among groups. Results Based on the general linear model, the mean score of childbirth experience in women in the regular participation group was significantly higher than those of women in irregular participation (P= 0.032) and in no participation (P<0.001) groups. In addition, the mean score of postpartum depression was significantly lower in women in the regular participation group than that of the women in the no participation group (P<0.001). However, no significant difference was found between the regular and irregular participation groups in terms of postpartum depression levels (P= 0.257). Conclusion Prenatal training classes improved childbirth experience and reduced postpartum depression levels. These training classes seem to improve mothers’ health by increasing their knowledge and awareness of their abilities to endure labor pain. Ethical Code IR.TBZMED.REC.1398.066
Anchor free object detection method using mask optimization
Authors: Fan Beibei , Yang HE , Guo Ling ling 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The anchor-free method based on key point detection has made great progress. However, the anchor-free method is too dependent on using a convolutional network to generate a rough heat map. It is difficult for the network to detect objects whose shape changes greatly, and small objects are difficult to detect. In order to solve this problem, first of all, we use the most advanced mask attention mechanism algorithm in the network to increase the accuracy of the thermodynamic generation of network detection. Then, We also designed an optimized fire model to reduce the size of the model. The masking mechanism optimizes the feature map of the network to enhance the detection capability in network space and improve the accuracy of heatmaps generation. Our approach achieved an accuracy of 91.84% and a recall 89.83% in the Tencent-100K dataset. Our approach is also competitive with the most advanced approach.
Prevalence and risk factors for bone loss in Southern Chinese with rheumatic diseases
Authors: Hu Zhuoran , Xu Shuiming , Yang Qingyuan , Qi Jun , Lin He , Ni Weifeng , Du Keqian , Gu Jieruo , Lin Zhiming 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objectives: This study was to explore the prevalence of different severities of bone loss and the potential risk factors in rheumatic patients.
Method: An analytical cross-sectional study design was performed. For the present study, 1,398 rheumatic patients and 302 healthy subjects were recruited and further accepted for data collection and blood and bone mineral density tests. Risk factors for bone loss in rheumatic patients were further analyzed by using multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Results: (1) Rheumatic patients in this study are consisted of 40.0% rheumatoid arthritis, 14.7% systemic lupus erythematosus, 14.2% osteoarthritis, 9.2% ankylosing spondylosis, 7.9% gout, 7.0% primary Sjogren syndrome, 3.8% systemic sclerosis, and 3.2% mixed connective tissue disease. (2) In male patients aged under 50 and premenopausal female patients, the bone mineral density score of patients is lower than the healthy persons with the same gender and age (34.3% vs 18.2%， P =0.045). (3) Osteopenia and osteoporosis are more prevailing in male patients aged or older than 50 and postmenopausal female patients than healthy counterparts (92.7% vs 87.2%, P =0.017). (4) Regression analysis indicated that compared with a healthy population, those with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylosis gained the highest odd ratio of ‘score below the expected range for age’, osteopenia and osteoporosis, respectively. (5) Hypovitaminosis D, ‘CRP elevated’ was commonly-associated with impaired bone mineral density in all rheumatic patients.
Conclusion: Bone loss commonly occurs at any age in the setting of rheumatic diseases. Hypovitaminosis D, elevated CRP was probably commonly-associated with impaired BMD in all age groups of rheumatic patients.
Distal radial cortical bone thickness correlates with bone mineral density and can predict osteoporosis: a cohort study
Authors: Ye ChunXiao , Guo YingBin , Zheng YouHui , Wu ZhenBin , Chen KaiYu , Zhang XiaoLing , Xiao LiangXiu , Chen ZhiMing 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background We evaluated the correlation of the bone mineral density (BMD) of the hip and lumbar spine with the distal radius cortical thickness (DRCT) measured on anteroposterior radiographs to establish a method for predicting osteoporosis. Methods We assessed 147 patients aged ≥50 years with distal radius fractures who underwent wrist radiographs and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The DRCT was measured and calculated at two levels of the distal radius of the injured wrist on the radiographs. Results In the Pearson correlation and simple linear regression analyses, the DRCT was positively correlated with hip BMD (r = 0.393, P < 0.01) and lumbar spine BMD (r = 0.529, P < 0.01). Each 1-mm increase in DRCT was associated with a 0.051-g/cm 2 increase in hip BMD (R 2 = 0.154, P < 0.01) and a 0.080-g/cm 2 increase in lumbar spine BMD (R 2 = 0.280, P < 0.01). A DRCT of 5.1 mm was selected as the cutoff point for predicting osteoporosis, with the highest Youden index of 0.560, 83.3% sensitivity, 72.7% specificity, and a 66.7% negative predictive value. Conclusion Cortical thickness measurements obtained from anteroposterior wrist radiographs were positively correlated with hip and lumbar spine BMD measurements. This technique is suggested as a rapid, inexpensive, and sensitive method for predicting osteoporosis.
Existence of Hepatitis B Surface Protein Mutations and Other Variants: Demand for Hepatitis B Infection Control in Cambodia
Authors: Ko Ko , Takahashi Kazuaki , Nagashima Shintaro , Yamamoto Chikako , Vichit Ork , Sugiyama Aya , Akita Tomoyuki , Ohisa Masayuki , Chuon Channarena , Hoss Shafiqul Md , Mao Bunsoth , Tanaka Junko 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Aims This study aimed to detect Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome sequences and their variants as of nationwide scale using dried blood spot (DBS) samples and to provide up-to-date reference data for infection control and surveillance in Cambodia. Method Among 2,518 children age 5-7 years and their 2,023 mothers participated in 2017 Cambodia nationwide sero-survey on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence using multistage random sampling strategy, 95 mothers and 13 children positive to HBsAg were included in this study. HBV DNA was extracted from DBS, then performed polymerase chain reaction. HBV genotypes and potential variants were examined by partial and full length genomic analysis. Results HBV DNA positive rate was 3.46% (70/2023) in mothers and 0.48% (12/2518) in their children. Genotype C (80.49%) was abundantly found throughout the whole Cambodia whilst genotype B (19.51%) was exclusively found in regions bordering Vietnam. HBs mutants were found in 24.29% of mothers and 16.67% of children with HBV DNA positive sera. Full-length genome analysis revealed the homology of 99.62-100% in each mother-child pair. Genotype B was clarified to recombinant genotype B4/C2 and B2/C2. Double (48.39%) and combination mutation (32.26%) were observed in core promoter region of HBV C1 strains. Conclusion This study showed the capable of DBS for large-scale molecular epidemiological study of HBV in resource limited countries. Full-genome sequences yield the better understanding of sub-genotypes, their variants and the degree of homology between strains isolated from mother-child pairs calls for effective strategies on prevention, control and surveillance of mother-to-child HBV transmission in Cambodia.
Synthesis of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Decorated with ZnO/Ag Nanoparticles by Co-precipitation Method
Authors: Ahmed Duha S. , Mohammed Mohammad R. , Mohammed Mustafa K.A. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
This research indicated that such abstract are more informative and more
readable, in field of preparation of nanocomposite materials.

Aim:
The purpose of this work represented by decoration of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) with nanoparticles
using co-precipitation method and exhibit different physical properties from those of CNTs
alone and its appropriate for this particular journal.

Methods:
Preparation MWCNTs surface by Ag/ZnO nanoparticles using two steps represented by
acid treatment of MWCNTs in a mixture acid of sulfuric acid (95% H2SO4) and nitric acid (65%
HNO3) at 3:1 ratio and second step represented by decoration of Ag/ZnO nanoparticles on FMWCNTs
using co-precipitation method to prepare ZnO/Ag nanoparticles decorated on F-MWCNTs
as nanocomposite material.

Results:
The results of this work reveal the decoration of Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles on the FMWCNTs
was achieved without any impurities as shown in XRD, Raman spectra and FTIR and
FESEM observations reveal that Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles have spherical morphologies and adhered
on the functionalized MWCNTs, with diameters are about 22-30 nm. Also it is clear that there
were no any other materials on the surface of F-MWCNTs except ZnO and Ag which verifies the
results obtained from XRD and EDS analysis.

Conclusion:
In this article, Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles have been successfully decorated on to modified
MWCNTs by an in-situ co-precipitation method. From XRD results, it can be seen that the (002)
peak of MWCNTs slightly increased after the addition of Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Raman spectra
and FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of Zn-C or Zn-O-C bonds between acid-treated MWCNTs
and Ag-doped zinc oxide. The FESEM and EDS analysis revealed that the decoration of Ag-doped ZnO
nanoparticles on the F-MWCNTs was achieved without any impurities. Finally, the small sizes Agdoped
ZnO NPs deposited on F-MWCNTs make it very promising for biomedicine applications.
KAJIAN LITERATUR PERKEMBANGAN PENGETAHUAN FONETIK PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Christianti Martha 
Published: February 2020

Artikel ini merupakan kajian literatur perkembangan pengetahuan fonetik pada anak. Fonetik berkaitan dengan bunyi bahasa dan simbol. Perkembangan fonetik pada anak terjadi sangat alami pada kemampuan bahasa reseptif dan produksi bahasa. Tahap perkembangan pengetahuan fonetikpada anak terbagi dalam tahap bayi, batita, prasekolah dan taman kanak-kanak. Setiap tahap perkembangannya menunjukkan karakteristik yang khusus. Pengetahuan tentang perkembangan pengetahuan fonetik berguna bagi guru dalam menstimulasi fonetik anak dan bagi peneliti untuk melakukan penelitian terhadap fonetik anak dalam konteks budaya Indonesia. Kata kunci: perkembangan pengetahuan fonetik
PEMBELAJARAN UNSUR IRAMA MENGGUNAKAN METODE TAKADIMI PADA MAHASISWA PAUD FIP UNY TAHUN AJARAN 2015/2016
Authors: Wulandari Rina 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi pelaksanaan pembelajaran unsur irama musik menggunakan metode Takadimi pada mahasiswa prodi PAUD FIP UNY tahun ajaran 2015-2016. Subjek penelitian yaitu 83 mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian yaitu eksplorasi. Teknik penyajian data yaitu deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik keabsahan data adalah dengan ketekunan. Hasil penelitian dalam mata kuliah estetika instrumental: 1) peserta didik adalah lulusan dari berbagai jurusan dan didominasi oleh lulusan sekolah menengah atas, 2) tujuan pembelajaran berbasis pada konsep dasar pendidikan seni untuk AUD yaitu menstimulasi estetika melalui apresiasi dan kreasi ekspresi, 3) materi musik menggunakan metode Takadimi yang termasuk metode untuk semua kalangan, 4) metode pembelajaran yang digunakan adalah ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi, pemberian tugas, demonstrasi dan eksperimen, kerja kelompok, drill, dan penemuan, 5) media pembelajaran yang digunakan adalah piano serta semua benda yang ada di sekitar yang dapat diatur menjadi bunyi musikal, dan 6) evaluasi didasarkan pada tugas, kehadiran, nilai ujian tengah semester, dan nilai ujian semester. Temuan lain selama penelitian yaitu: 1) kuantitas suku kata TA yang diganti dengan nol, merupakan hal yang sulit dibunyikan/ dipraktekkan oleh mahasiswa, dan 2) bentuk TA00MI dan TAKA0MI. Kata kunci: pembelajaran, unsur irama musik, metode takadimi
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF ANAK MELALUI KEGIATAN MEMBILANG BENDA SEKITAR
Authors: Hidayat - , Maulidiyah Eka Cahya 
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan kegiatan membilang dan peningkatan kemampuan kognitif siswa melalui kegiatan membilang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di TK Budi Utomo Lamongan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan april 2015. Penelitian tindakan (action research) ini menggunakan metode Kemmis dan Mc Taggart, melalui dua siklus yang tediri dari siklus I dan siklus II yang meliputi tahap perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian adalah 15 anak Kelompok B TK Budi Utomo Lamongan yang berusia 5-6 tahun. Data diperoleh dengan berpedoman pada lembar observasi kemampuan kognitif konsep bilangan dan lambang bilangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan kognitif anak yang dibuktikan pada perolehan skor kemampuan kognitif rata-rata siswa. Sebelum penelitian skor rata-rata adalah 60.4%. Setelah dilaksanakan siklus I terjadi perubahan skor kemampuan kognitif rata-rata kelas menjadi 85.9%. Pada siklus II perubahan skor kemampuan kognitif rata-rata kelas menjadi 97.04%. Pada siklus II seluruh siswa telah memenuhi kriteria kesuksesan sehingga penelitian ini dicukupkan dengan pelaksanaan dua siklus. Katakunci: kemampuan kognitif, kegiatan membilang
MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA MELALUI PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PANGGUNG BONEKA PADA KELOMPOK A1TK MADUKISMO
Authors: Ramadani Risky 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara pada anak-anak di TK Madukismo, Bantul, Yogyakarta melalui penggunaan media panggung boneka. Keterampilan berbicara pada anak-anak dilihat dari kemampuan anak dalam ikut aktif berpartisipasi mengungkapkan ide/gagasan dan menjawab pertanyaan apa, siapa, mengapa dan dimana. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas kolaboratif, Subjek yang diteliti anak-anak dari kelompok A1 TK Madukismo yang berjumlah 17 anak, terdiri dari 8 anak laki-laki dan 9 anak perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan keterampilan berbicara pada anak, hal ini dibuktikan pada kemampuan awal keterampilan berbicara yaitu 52,8% termasuk dalam kriteria kurang baik, pada Siklus I meningkat 12,8% menjadi 65,6% termasuk dalam kriteria cukup, dan pada Siklus II meningkat 22,5% menjadi 88,1% termasuk dalam kriteria baik. Langkah-langkah yang dilaksanakan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berbicara yaitu guru bercerita, tanya jawab tentang cerita yang dibawakan guru, anak mengulang cerita yang dibawakan guru, guru memberi motivasi kepada anak untuk ikut aktif berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan. Kata Kunci: keterampilan berbicara, panggung boneka, kelompok A1
Cigarette Packs With URLs Leading to Tobacco Company Websites: Content Analysis
Authors: Weiger Caitlin Victoria , Smith Katherine , Hong Amy Y , Cohen Joanna E 
Published: February 2020

Background
Tobacco companies include on the packaging of their products URLs directing consumers to websites that contain protobacco messages. Online media tend to be underregulated and provide the industry with an opportunity to present users with protobacco communication.

Objective
The objective of our study was to document the content of websites that were advertised on tobacco packs in 14 low- and middle-income countries.

Methods
We purchased tobacco packs from 14 low- and middle-income countries in 2013 and examined them for the presence of URLs. We visited unique URLs on multiple occasions between October 1, 2016 and August 9, 2017. We developed a coding checklist and used it to conduct a content analysis of active corporate websites to identify types of protobacco communication. The coding checklist included the presence of regulatory controls and warnings, engagement strategies, marketing appeals (eg, description of product popularity, luxury/quality, taste), corporate social responsibility programs, and image management. We coded brand websites separately and also described social media and other website types.

Results
We identified 89 unique URLs, of which 54 were active during the search period. We assessed 26 corporate websites, 21 brand websites, 2 nontobacco websites, and 5 social media pages. We excluded 2 corporate websites and 14 brand websites due to limited accessible content or incomplete content. Corporate social responsibility was discussed on all corporate websites, and marketing appeals were also common. Corporate websites were also more likely to include more nonspecific (12/24, 50%) than specific (7/24, 29%) health warnings. Promotions (6/7, 86%) and sociability appeals (3/7, 43%) were common on brand websites. The small number of social media webpages in our sample used gendered marketing.

Conclusions
URLs appearing on tobacco packs direct consumers to websites where users are exposed to marketing that highlights the “positive” contributions of tobacco companies on corporate websites, and extensive promotions and marketing appeals on brand websites and social media pages. It is essential that marketing regulations become more comprehensive and ban all protobacco communication, a policy that is in line with articles 5.3 and 13 of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. For countries that already ban internet tobacco advertising, enforcement efforts should be strengthened. Tobacco companies’ use of URLs on packs may also be compelling for plain packaging advocacy, where all branding is removed from the pack and large graphic health warning labels are the only communication on the tobacco packaging. Future research should consider including tobacco websites in marketing surveillance.