bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dividend Smoothing and Investor Protection
Authors: Džidić Ante , Orsag Silvije 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper examines the agency model of dividends where the importance of dividends depends on the level of investor protection. The importance of dividends is presented by the dividend smoothing concept, while the level of investor protection is determined by the legal origin. Within this, the sensitivity of dividends to earnings changes was analyzed to examine the universality of the dividend smoothing phenomenon. Subsequently, the difference in proportions of dividend smoothing firms within the common law and civil law countries was tested to determine which of these two systems attributes more importance to dividends. Finally, the application of Lintner’s model was examined in transition countries as well as in United States. Research results show that dividend smoothing is a globally widespread phenomenon, but the likelihood to reduce or cut dividends is greater in civil law countries. Also, the largest percentage of dividend smoothing firms was recorded in common law countries.
Mobile phone penetration and its impact on inequality in the Western Balkan countries
Authors: Vokshi Mjellma Carabregu , Dedaj But , Ben Youssef Adel , Toçi Valentin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to analyse the effect of the mobile phone penetration rate on inequality in Western Balkan countries and to provide empirical evidence. We explore the question of whether cell phone diffusion helps to decrease inequality and whether it has a positive income equality effect. In the developed conceptual framework, we consider that people with access to mobile telephony also have access to Wi-Fi and GPS and that individuals can perform different activities, such as engaging in e-commerce, e-governance, health, and education; paying bills; saving money; and transferring money to other persons. This represents a good foundation for poor persons exit the cycle of deprivation and leads to the development of equal opportunities. We analyse the impact of mobile phone penetration on inequality in Western Balkan countries by using ordinary least squares and two-stage least squares models (Asongu, 2015). Our results confirm the income-redistributive effect of mobile phone penetration.
OPTIMALISASI PEMANFAATAN HIJAUAN PAKAN TERNAK (HPT) LOKAL MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN USAHA TERNAK SAPI
Authors: Budiari Ni Luh Gede , Suyasa I Nyoman 
Published: December 2019

Pakan merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas ternak selain faktor genetik. Produktivitas ternak sapi dapat dinaikkan apabila pakan yang diberikan memenuhi kebutuhan ternak. Sebuah kajian telah dilaksanakan di Desa Antapan dan Bangli, Kecamatan Baturiti, Kabupaten Tabanan, Desa Tukad Sumaga, Kecamatan Gerokgak dan Desa Pancasari, Kecamatan Sukasada, Kabupaten Buleleng, dan di Desa Nusa Penida, Kecamatan Nusa Penida, Kabupaten Klungkung dari tahun 2017 sampai Tahun 2018. Hijauan spesifik lokasi di Kabupaten Tabanan, Buleleng dan Klungkung sangat beragam jenisnya dan tumbuhnya tergantung dari kondisi masing-masing wilayah. Kandungan gizi dari masing-masing tanaman lokal cukup tinggi tergantung dari jenis tanamannya. Tanaman lokal memiliki daya adaptasi yang tinggi pada tempatnya dan dapat dijadikan pakan alternatif pengganti rumput pada saat musim kemarau.
Kata kunci: hijauan spesifik lokasi, kwalitas nutrisi, pemanfaatan hijauan
Impact of Sample Concentration on the Determination of Particle Size of Nano Polymer Particles and Nano Liposomes by Dynamic Light Scattering
Authors: Thi Hai Yen Tran , Thi Huyen Le , Hong Nhung Tran , Thi Thu Trang Le , Thi Minh Hue Pham 
Published: December 2019

Determination of particles size is important in pharmaceutical research and manufacturing of drug delivery system in nano scale. This study was carried out to evaluate particles size of nano polymer particles, composed of Eudragit RL 100, and nano liposomes, composed of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. Dynamic light scaterring was used to determine nano particles size. The results showed that, dilution ratio influenced differently on the determined nanoparticles. Liposomal suspension, which was diluted to count rate less than 170 kcps, had statistically significant larger particle than that, which had greater count rate. Polymer particles, which were diluted to count rate less than 126 had statistically significant larger particles than that, which had greater count rate.
Keywords
Particle size, nano polymer particle, nano liposomes, dynamic light scattering (DLS).
References
[1] E.H.M. Sakho, E. Allahyari, O.S. Oluwafemi, S. Thomas, and N. Kalarikkal, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) in: Thermal and rheological measurement techniqus for nanometerials characterization, Elsevier, Europe 2017.[2] V.X. Minh, P.T.M. Hue, Applications of nanotechnology and liposomes in Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, Medical publishing house, Hanoi, 2013 (in Vietnamese).[3] ISO 22412:2017, Particle size analysis - Dynamic light scattering (DLS).[4] J. Panchal, J. Kotarek, E. Marszal, and E.M. Topp, Analyzing Subvisible Particles in Protein Drug Products: a Comparison of Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Resonant Mass Measurement (RMM), AAPS J., 16(3) (2014) 440–451. http://doi.org/ 10.1208/s12248-014-9579-6.[5] A. Chaudhury et al, Lyophilization of cholesterol-free PEGylated liposomes and its impact on drug loading by passive equilibration, Int. J. Pharm., 430(1–2) (2012) 167–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.04.036.[6] T. Ishida, H. Harashima, and H. Kiwada, Liposome clearance, Biosci. Rep., 22(2) (2002) 197–224. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020134521778.
Scalp metastases in breast cancer
Authors: Mareeva A. N. , Smolyannikova V. A. 
Published: December 2019

This paper describes a clinical case of scalp metastases in the setting of breast cancer. The data on the prevalence of the disease in Russia and the necessity of its early diagnostics is provided. The clinical picture and trichoscopic signs of neoplastic processes in the scalp are presented: alopecia foci of 1–3 cm in diameter; foci older than 6 months featuring erythematous and atrophic skin; nodes of the colour of healthy skin or with a yellowish tint sized 1 cm in diameter; trichoscopy — in the foci older than 6 months, the vascular structures are represented by point, thick and thin tree-like vessels. In connection with a poor prognosis for survival when skin metastases are detected, the onco-alertness of practitioners in relation to scalp metastases should be increased.Conflict of interest: the authors state that there is no potential conflict of interest requiring disclosure in this article.
KAJIAN KARAKTERISASI TUTUPAN LAHAN KAWASAN PENYANGGA SITU BOJONGSARI DAN SIMULASI OPTIMASI INFILTRASI UNTUK MENGURANGI RISIKO BANJIR
Authors: Raharjo Akhmadi Puguh 
Published: December 2019

Situ di kawasan perkotaan memiliki fungsi penting dalam mengurangi dampak banjir dan menyediakan sumber air bersih di kawasan perkotaan. Laju pertumbuhan kawasan perkotaan mengancam keberlangsungan situ, khususnya di kawasan Jakarta dan sekitarnya. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mengkarakterisasi tutupan lahan pada kawasan penyangga Situ Bojongsari dan melakukan simulasi optimasi tutupan lahan menggunakan biopori untuk mengurangi risiko banjir. Data tutupan lahan didapatkan menggunakan aplikasi daring berbasis web (i-Tree Canopy) dengan enam tipe tutupan lahan yang berbeda. Estimasi tutupan lahan untuk kelas terbangun (atap dan jalan) dan untuk kelas alami (pohon, rumput atau tumbuhan bawah, badan air dan lahan terbuka) mencapai 34,70 ± 1,51% dan 65,30 ± 1,51% berturut-turut dari total 757,64 hektar luas wilayah studi. Aplikasi biopori diharapkan mampu mengurangi debit puncak sebesar 12%. Kombinasi dengan pendekatan bioteknologi lainnya diperlukan untuk lebih menurunkan debit puncak di masa yang akan datang.
Analysis of Vascular Aging in Arterial Hypertension — Population-based Study: Preliminary Results
Authors: Costa Juan Jailson Oliveira Almeida , de Araújo Cunha Roberta Castro , de Assis Oliveira Alves Filho Antonio , Bessa Larissa Ribeiro , de Lima Rodrigo Lins Sant’Ana , dos Reis Silva Alana , Araújo e Souza Brenno , de Almeida Viterbo Catarina , Requião Mariana Barreto , Brustolim Daniele , da Silva Diorlene Oliveira , Magalhães Lucélia Batista Neves Cunha , da Silva Araújo Cecília Freitas 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Arterial Hypertension (AH) is an uncertain and complex physiopathological disease with the Arterial Stiffness (AS) as one of the main cardiovascular alterations. Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) is the gold standard marker for assessment of the vascular aging and an important predictor of cardiovascular risk.

Methods
Cross-sectional population-based studies, in the restricted area of Vale do Ogunjá, Salvador-Bahia. Sociodemographic data, through questionnaire and clinical data were obtained. A PWV was evaluated by applanation tonometry using the device SphygmoCor® (AtCor Medical Pty Ltd, New South Wales, Australia). Frequency and descriptive measurements of central and dispersion were obtained, and the Chi-square test to statistical analysis.

Results
PWV presented a higher mean in hypertensive patients (10.0 ± 2.2 m/s). There was a higher prevalence of AS in male individuals with advanced age and presence of risk factors. The prevalence ratio of AS was 3.7 times higher in hypertensive patients (p = 0.002; 95% CI: 1.6–8.5) and 7.5 times higher in patients aged above 40–74 years (p = 0.015; 95% CI: 2.4–23.1).

Conclusion
There was an important relation between AS and increased of PWV in the presence of hypertension. The relevance of this study is associated with the use of non-invasive clinical evaluation of PWV, contributing to improve morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients.
Releyendo a Howe. Perspectivas teóricas en Trabajo Social para el análisis de la intervención socio-educativa con la Infancia
Authors: Gallego-Molinero Aranzazu , Girela-Rejón Blanca 
Published: December 2019

La teoría del trabajo social se construye en conexión al contexto socio-político e ideológico del momento. En este artículo se expone una síntesis conceptual de los principales enfoques teóricos de utilidad para las ciencias sociales y su aplicación en la infancia. Como marco para ordenar y clasificar estas teorías se revisa el discurso de Howe, concretamente en los cuatro paradigmas que establece: funcionalismo, interpretativismo, humanismo radical y estructuralista radical. Cada teoría y su práctica asociada permite comprender que existen discursos diferentes que proporcionarían explicaciones distintas de la misma situación, y su aplicación conduciría a tipos diversos de práctica en trabajo social, que en este informe se ha relacionado con las intervenciones en el campo de la protección socio-educativa a la infancia. La propuesta que se presenta es entendida como un ejercicio para analizar cómo varían los diagnósticos y fines de la intervención socio-educativa con la infancia según el enfoque teórico que se adopte.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF E-LEARNING IN MULTIMEDIA CLASSES TO IMPROVE VOCATIONAL STUDENTS' LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT AND MOTIVATION
Authors: Hoerunnisa Alin , Suryani Nunuk , Efendi Agus 
Published: December 2019

The development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education has paved the way for the emergence of new teaching and learning methodologies. E-learning, which refers to the use of ICT for learning purposes, is an important area emphasized in education. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the use of E-learning in multimedia classes to improve vocational students' learning achievement and motivation. The Quasi-experiment method was used in this study. The research subjects used were class X students at the Veteran Vocational School Sukoharjo, Central Java. This research was conducted in Multimedia classes on computer and basic network subject matter on the topic of sharing devices. Class samples are selected using the random sampling technique. The experiment class consists of 31 students, while the control class consists of 33 students. In this study two formulation of problems were used, namely: (1) How is the effectiveness of E-learning to improve student learning achievement?; (2) How is the effectiveness of E-learning to improve student motivation? The hypothesis test used is the Independent T Test. The results showed that the use of E-learning can significantly improve student achievement and motivation on computer and basic network subject matter on the topic of sharing devices. In addition, the use of E-learning can also increase student participation in learning. AbstrakPerkembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) dalam pendidikan telah membuka jalan bagi munculnya metodologi pengajaran dan pembelajaran baru. E-learning, yang mengacu pada penggunaan TIK untuk tujuan pembelajaran, menjadi area penting yang ditekankan dalam pendidikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas penggunaan E-learning untuk meningkatkan prestasi dan motivasi belajar siswa di Sekolah kejuruan. Metode kuasi ekperimen digunakan pada penelitian ini. Subjek penelitian yang digunakan yaitu siswa kelas X di SMK Veteran Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kelas Multimedia pada pelajaran komputer dan jaringan dasar pada topik sharing devices. Sampel kelas dipilih menggunakan teknik sampling acak. Kelas eksperimen terdiri dari 31 siswa, sedangkan kelas kontrol terdiri dari 33 siswa. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan dua rumusan masalah, yaitu: (1) Bagaimana keefektifan media E-learning untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa?; (2) Bagaimana keefektifan media E-learning untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa?. Uji hipotesis yang digunakan adalah Uji Independent T Test. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media E-learning secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan prestasi dan motivasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran komputer dan jaringan dasar pada topik sharing devices. Selain itu, penggunaan E-learning juga dapat meningkatkan partisipasi siswa terhadap pembelajaran.
ANALISIS PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM BUKU TEKS PELAJARAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM KELAS VII
Authors: Permatasari Anggraeni Dian , Anwas Ence Oos Mukhamad 
Published: December 2019

Based on reality, textbook is the main learning source. Based on Curriculum 2013, textbook is not only to present subjects, but also to embed character education. The aim of the study is to analyze character education content on chemistry subject of the natural sciences textbook of 7th grade students of second semester, which was published by Ministry of Education and Culture. The study was conducted by qualitative method using content analysis technique to study the conformity of chemistry subject with character education aspect in Curriculum 2013. There are two chemistry subjects in the textbook. They are Environmental Pollution and Global Warming. The study results showed the values that have not been mentioned yet in the Environmental Pollution were religious, confidence, and communicative. While Global Warming subject have already mentioned all the values of Basic Competencies 3 and 4. AbstrakRealitas bahwa Buku Teks Pelajaran menjadi sumber belajar utama di sekolah. Sesuai tuntutan kurikulum 2013, buku teks pelajaran tidak sekedar menyajikan materi, akan tetapi juga perlu menanamkan pendidikan karakter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis muatan pendidikan karakter pada materi Kimia dalam buku teks pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, kelas VII semester 2, yang diterbitkan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif menggunakan teknik analisis isi untuk mengetahui kesesuaian materi Kimia dengan aspek pendidikan karakter dalam kurikulum 2013. Adapun materi kimia yang terdapat dalam buku tersebut yaitu Pencemaran Lingkungan dan Pemanasan Global. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai yang belum disampaikan dalam bab Pencemaran Lingkungan adalah nilai religius, percaya diri, dan komunikatif. Sedangkan dalam bab Pemanasan Global telah disampaikan semua nilai yang terkandung dalam Kompetensi Dasar 3 dan Kompetensi Dasar 4.
Cultural Adaptation of Scalable Psychological Interventions: A New Conceptual Framework
Authors: Heim Eva , Kohrt Brandon A. 
Published: December 2019

The worldwide mental health treatment gap calls for scaling-up psychological interventions, which requires effective implementation in diverse cultural settings. Evidence from the field of global mental health and cultural clinical psychology indicates cultural variation in how symptoms of common mental disorders are expressed, and how culturally diverse groups explain the emergence of such symptoms. An increasing number of studies have examined to what extent cultural adaptation enhances the acceptability and effectiveness of psychological interventions among culturally diverse groups. To date, this evidence is inconclusive, and there is a lack of studies that dismantle the multiple types of modifications involved in cultural adaptation.Based on empirical evidence from ethnopsychological studies, cultural adaptation research, and psychotherapy research, the present paper offers a new conceptual framework for cultural adaptation that lays the groundwork for future empirical research.The cultural adaptation framework encompasses three elements: i) cultural concepts of distress; ii) treatment components; and iii) treatment delivery. These three elements have been discussed in literature but rarely tested in methodologically rigorous studies. Innovative research designs are needed to empirically test the relevance of these adaptation elements, to better understand the substantial modifications that enhance acceptability and effectiveness of psychological interventions.Using a theory-driven approach and innovative experimental designs, research on cultural adaptation has the potential not only to make psychological treatments more accessible for culturally adverse groups, but also to further advance empirical research on the basic question about the “key ingredients” of psychotherapy.The phenomenology of common mental disorders, as well as mind-body concepts, vary across cultures.Cultural adaptation may enhance the acceptability and effectiveness of psychological interventions.There is a lack of empirical evidence on the substantial modifications in cultural adaptation.Theory-driven, experimental approaches are needed in cultural adaptation research.The phenomenology of common mental disorders, as well as mind-body concepts, vary across cultures.Cultural adaptation may enhance the acceptability and effectiveness of psychological interventions.There is a lack of empirical evidence on the substantial modifications in cultural adaptation.Theory-driven, experimental approaches are needed in cultural adaptation research.
EFEKTIVITAS JUS TOMAT DALAM MENGURANGI KELELAHAN PASCA OLAHRAGA - MINI REVIEW
Authors: Herlina Nina 
Published: December 2019

Olahraga teratur adalah cara yang baik untuk menjadikan tubuh agar tetap sehat dan bugar. Banyak penelitian yang menunjukkan bahwa olahraga secara konsisten dapat meningkatkan fungsi fisik dan mengurangi risiko terkena berbagai jenis penyakit. Akan tetapi, sebagian besar orang tidak menjadikan olahraga sebagai suatu kebiasaan. Alasan terbesar tampaknya adalah ketidaknyamanan otot dan kelelahan yang dirasakan selama latihan serta nyeri pasca-olahraga. Jika kelelahan otot bisa berkurang, diharapkan akan lebih banyak orang akan berkomitmen untuk mengikuti program latihan secara teratur. Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum) adalah salah satu sayuran yang paling banyak dikonsumsi di dunia dan mengandung banyak komponen bermanfaat, termasuk gula, asam amino, mineral, vitamin, karotenoid seperti likopen, flavonoid, dan asam hidroksinamat. Beberapa penelitian telah membuktikan kemampuan tomat untuk mengurangi efek kelelahan pasca latian fisik baik pada hewan percobaan maupun pada manusia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengulas literatur mengenai kandungan kimia, dan efektivitas tomat dalam mengurangi kelelahan pasca olahraga melalui. Ulasan ini diharapkan bisa memberikan bibliografi yang berguna untuk penyelidikan lebih lanjut, produksi maupun aplikasi tomat sebagai suplemen makanan saat olahraga.
Radiological, biomechanical and histopathological characteristics of rat brain in Kaolin-induced hydrocephalus
Authors: Samanci M. Yavuz , Celik Suat Erol , Coskun Zafer Unsal , Ozcan Deniz 
Published: December 2019

Objective: A better understanding of the pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms of brain damage in hydrocephalus is vital in developing diagnostic, observational and treatment tools that will have an impact on hydrocephalus outcomes. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the radiological, biomechanical and histopathological characteristics of rat brain tissue in an experimental hydrocephalus model.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats (21 days old, weighing between 150 and 200 grams) were used in this study. Animals were randomly assigned to control (n = 6), 1-week hydrocephalus (n = 10), 2-week hydrocephalus (n = 10) and 3-week hydrocephalus (n = 10) groups. Hydrocephalus was induced with cisternal kaolin injection and controls received sham injection. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure ventricle size and cortical thickness. Vital signs, cerebral blood flow (CBF), mechanical tests and brain histology were assessed.
Results: Three rats in the hydrocephalus group died during the follow-up, yielding an overall mortality of 10% among animals from hydrocephalus groups. Ventricular width, cross-sectional area of the lateral ventricles, ventricular index and ventricle / brain area ratio progressively increased and cortical thickness progressively decreased following kaolin injection. CBF was significantly lower at baseline than at 1st, 2nd and 3rd week (p < 0.05, for all). ICP was significantly elevated in all hydrocephalic groups in comparison with controls. EIT that was calculated from the first load-unload indentation test showed a significant increase at 2nd week post-injection (p=0.0001), indicating increased intracranial stiffness. However, this significant difference disappeared at 3rd week (p=0.956). Quantitative immunohistochemistry showed that hydrocephalic brains demonstrated significantly less NeuN-positive cells and significantly higher IBA-1-positive microglia and glial fibrillary acidic protein positive astrocytes cells in the cortex.
Discussion and Conclusion: Cisternal kaolin injection causes varying degrees of ventricular enlargement in a rat model and hydrocephalus might contribute to neuronal and axonal damage and alter brain stiffness through axonal stretching or local hypoperfusion progressively over a period of days to months. As shown in this study, irreversible changes in viscoelastic behaviour and cellular structure develop in the late stages of hydrocephalus, suggesting the importance of early intervention in the treatment of hydrocephalus.