bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Can I go to Glasgow?” Learnings from patient involvement at the 17th Congress of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD)
Authors: Gutman Talia , Manera Karine E , Baumgart Amanda , Johnson David W , Wilkie Martin , Boudville Neil , Craig Jonathan C , Dong Jie , Jesudason Shilpa , Mehrotra Rajnish , Neu Alicia , Shen Jenny I , Van Biesen Wim , Blake Peter G , Brunier Gillian , Cho Yeoungjee , Jefferson Nichole , Lenga Ilan , Mann Neelem , Mendelson Asher A , Perl Jeffrey , Sanabria Rafael Mauricio , Scholes-Roberston Nicole , Schwartz Daniel , Teitelbaum Isaac , Tong Allison 
Published: February 2020

Background: Recognition of the discrepancy between the research priorities of patients and health professionals has prompted efforts to involve patients as active contributors in research activities, including scientific conferences. However, there is limited evidence about the experience, challenges, and impacts of patient involvement to inform best practice. This study aims to describe patient and health professional perspectives on patient involvement at the Congress of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD). Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 patients/caregivers and 15 health professionals from six countries who attended ISPD. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and transcripts were analyzed thematically. Results: We identified four themes: protecting and enhancing scientific learning (grounding science in stories, sharing and inspiring new perspectives, distilling the key messages of research presentations, striking a balance between accommodating patients and presenting the science); democratizing access to research (redistributing power, challenging the traditional ownership of knowledge, cultivating self-management through demystifying research); inadequate support for patient/caregiver delegates (lacking purposeful inclusion, challenges in interpreting research findings, soliciting medical advice, difficulty negotiating venue and program, limited financial assistance in attending); and amplifying impact beyond the room (sparking innovation in practice, giving patients and families hope for the future). Conclusions: Patient involvement at the ISPD Congress clarified the applicability of research to patient care and self-management, democratized science, and strengthened the potential impact of research. More structured support for patients to help them purposefully articulate their experience in relation to session objectives may enhance their contribution and their own learning experience.
Targeted Education ApproaCH to improve Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes (TEACH-PD): A feasibility study
Authors: Chow Josephine SF , Adams Kelly , Cho Yeoungjee , Choi Peter , Equinox Keri-Lu , Figueiredo Ana E , Hawley Carmel M , Howard Kirsten , Johnson David W , Jose Matthew D , Lee Anna , Longergan Maureen , Manera Karine E , Moodie Jo-Anne , Paul-Brent Peta-Anne , Pascoe Elaine M , Reidlinger Donna , Steiner Genevieve Z , Tomlins Melinda , Tong Allison , Voss David , Boudville Neil C 
Published: February 2020

Background: There is substantial variation in peritonitis rates across peritoneal dialysis (PD) units globally. This may, in part, be related to the wide variability in the content and delivery of training for PD nurse trainers and patients. Aim: The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of implementing the Targeted Education ApproaCH to improve Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes (TEACH-PD) curriculum in real clinical practice settings. Methods: This study used mixed methods including questionnaires and semi-structured interviews (pretraining and post-training) with nurse trainers and patients to test the acceptability and usability of the PD training modules implemented in two PD units over 6 months. Quantitative data from the questionnaires were analysed descriptively. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Ten PD trainers and 14 incident PD patients were included. Mean training duration to complete the modules were 10.9 h (range 6–17) and 24.9 h (range 15–35), for PD trainers and patients, respectively. None of the PD patients experienced PD-related complications at 30 days follow-up. Three (21%) patients were transferred to haemodialysis due to non-PD–related complications. Ten trainers and 14 PD patients participated in the interviews. Four themes were identified including use of adult learning principles (trainers), comprehension of online modules (trainers), time to complete the modules (trainers) and patient usability of the manuals (patient). Conclusion: This TEACH-PD study has demonstrated feasibility of implementation in a real clinical setting. The outcomes of this study have informed refinement of the TEACH-PD modules prior to rigorous evaluation of its efficacy and cost-effectiveness in a large-scale study.
Clinicians’ experiences with remote patient monitoring in peritoneal dialysis: A semi-structured interview study
Authors: Walker Rachael C , Tong Allison , Howard Kirsten , Palmer Suetonia C 
Published: February 2020

Background: Fear of catastrophic events and uncertainty about safety at home are barriers to choosing peritoneal dialysis (PD). Remote monitoring may address these concerns and is increasingly being used in patients on automated peritoneal dialysis (APD). This study aims to describe clinicians’ perspectives and experiences of remote monitoring in caring for patients on PD. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with nephrologists and dialysis nurses across nine dialysis units in New Zealand who had experience using remote monitoring with patients on APD. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Thirteen registered nurses and 12 nephrologists or nephrologists-in-training (total N = 25) participated. Four themes were identified: promoting and maintaining PD (providing reassurance to patients through continual surveillance, supporting confidence at home and sustaining PD as the patient-preferred treatment); enabling data-driven decisions (using comprehensive clinical data in providing timely and accessible care, and identifying and supporting patient adherence); establishing boundaries for use (negotiating privacy and independence, clarifying clinician and patient responsibilities and strengthening nursing innovation and capability); and enhancing patient-focused care (developing empathy for patients, enabling self-management and reducing time and financial burden in accessing care). Conclusions: Remote monitoring is valued by clinicians in promoting and maintaining patients on PD and enabling data-driven decisions. Remote monitoring enhances patient-focused care, but clinicians also emphasise the need to protect patient privacy and establish boundaries for use. Remote monitoring that supports the clinicians’ role and adheres to principles of data security maintains patient privacy may enhance care and outcomes for patients on PD.
Prescribing peritoneal dialysis for high-quality care in children
Authors: Warady Bradley A , Schaefer Franz , Bagga Arvind , Cano Francisco , McCulloch Mignon , Yap Hui-Kim , Shroff Rukshana 
Published: February 2020

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains the most widely used modality for chronic dialysis in children, particularly in younger children and in lower and middle income countries (LMICs). We present guidelines for dialysis initiation, modality selection, small solute clearance, and fluid removal in children on PD. A review of the literature and key studies that support these statements are presented. Methods: An extensive Medline search for all publications on PD in children was performed using predefined search criteria. Results: High-quality randomized trials in children are scarce and current clinical practice largely relies on data extrapolated from adult studies or drawn from observational cohort studies in children. The evidence and strength of the recommendation is GRADE-ed, but in the absence of high-quality evidence, the opinion of the authors is provided and must be carefully considered by the treating physician, and adapted to local expertise and individual patient needs as appropriate. We discuss the timing of dialysis initiation, factors to be considered when selecting a dialysis modality, the assessment and management of volume status on PD, achieving optimal small solute clearance, and the importance of preserving residual kidney function. While optimal dialysis must remain the goal for every patient, a careful discussion with fully informed patients and caregivers is important to understand the patient and family’s expectations of dialysis and reasonable adjustments to the dialysis program may be considered in accordance with a philosophy of shared decision-making. Conclusions: There continues to be very poor evidence in the field of chronic PD in children and these recommendations can at best serve to guide clinical decision-making. In LMICs, every effort should be made to conform to the framework of these statements, taking into account resource limitations.
Severe terminal ileitis induced by single-agent nivolumab administered every four weeks
Authors: Dasanu Constantin A , Plaxe Steven C , Gupta Varun , Popescu Iliana M , Grover Mayumi , Alvarez-Argote Juliana 
Published: February 2020

Introduction Use of immune checkpoint inhibitors has expanded to a variety of malignancies including hepatocellular carcinoma, where nivolumab and pembrolizumab have shown durable responses in approximately a sixth of patients. Case report We report herein a patient with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma who achieved a durable response to the second-line agent nivolumab administered intravenous 240 mg every two weeks. After 18 months of therapy, nivolumab schedule was changed to intravenous 480 mg every four weeks, per patient’s request and for convenience of administration. Four days after this change, the patient developed severe terminal ileitis. Management and outcome: This condition was managed in hospital with intravenous steroids. The patient improved clinically and was discharged on an oral steroid taper. A month later, nivolumab was reinstated at 200 mg intravenous infusions every two weeks, without any re-occurrence of terminal ileitis to date as of six months after the probable drug reaction. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the first report of terminal ileitis with nivolumab administered every four weeks. As postmarketing evaluation of nivolumab continues, similar side effects may be observed. Prompt diagnosis and steroid therapy in these cases are imperative to ensure a favorable outcome. Resuming immunotherapy once the adverse event has resolved appears to be a safe option.
Tapered, fluted, modular, titanium stems in Vancouver B periprosthetic femoral fractures: an analysis of 87 consecutive revisions
Authors: van Laarhoven Simon N , Vles Georges F , van Haaren Emil H , Schotanus Martijn G M , van Hemert Wouter L W 
Published: February 2020

Aims: One of the instruments in the orthopaedic surgeon’s armamentarium to face the challenges associated with periprosthetic fracture around the stem of a hip replacement is the tapered, fluted, modular, titanium (TFMT) stem. Our aim was to study its clinical and radiological outcomes. Patients and Methods: During the period 2010–2016 86 patients (55 females; median age 78.2 years; mean BMI 26.3 kg/m2; median ASA classification 2) underwent 87 revisions for a Vancouver B periprosthetic fracture using a Stryker Restoration Cone-Conical stem. Results: After a median follow-up of 2.9 years no stem had to be revised and no case of stem fracture was found. Dislocation was the most common complication and occurred in 18% of patients. Other major complications were deep infection ( n = 4), subsidence >5 mm ( n = 7), and nonunion ( n = 5). 3-month and 1-year mortality was 10% and 15% respectively and was strongly correlated with age, deep infection, and ASA classification. The median EQ-5D health state index at final follow-up was 0.78 and all patients were ambulatory. Conclusions: The complication most commonly encountered was dislocation and can likely be prevented by the use of large heads, adequate reduction and fixation of the trochanteric area and restoration of the native anatomy. Contrary to previous concerns, fracture and subsidence of these modular stems do not appear to be a significant problem in this geriatric population.
Divisional Reconstruction Strategy: The Repair of Perineal Skin Defect After Tumor Resection
Authors: Xu J.-G. , Wu M.-L. , Dai H.-Y. , Wang Y.-C. , Xue C.-Y. 
Published: February 2020

Background and Aims: The unique anatomical and physiological function of the perineum region makes it difficult to be repaired after tumor resection. We aim to evaluate the efficacy of PSC divisional reconstruction strategy in the reconstruction of perineal skin defect. Materials and Methods: This study includes patients undergoing perineal skin defect reconstruction with PSC strategy—P (penis), S (scrotum), C (circum-penoscrotal skin) divisional reconstruction strategy. Results: From August 2013 to August 2018, 47 patients were enrolled in the surgical procedure. The defect area after resection measured 2 cm × 2.5 cm, minimum, and 12 cm × 18 cm, maximum. Among them, the cases involved one, two, and three zones are 12, 10, and 25, respectively. The skin defects were divisionally repaired. All flaps were well survived without complications or scar contracture. No tumor recurrence happened. Conclusion: The application of PSC divisional reconstruction strategy is a promising way to repair wounds in circum-penoscrotal skin area. Moreover, this strategy is easy to process and shows no significant complications during follow-up period.
The Development and Psychometric Validation of the Diabetes Impact and Device Satisfaction Scale for Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Manning Michelle L. , Singh Harsimran , Stoner Keaton , Habif Steph 
Published: February 2020

Background: With the rapid development of new insulin delivery technology, measuring patient experience has become especially pertinent. The current study reports on item development, psychometric validation, and intended use of the newly developed Diabetes Impact and Device Satisfaction (DIDS) Scale. Method: The DIDS Scale was informed by a comprehensive literature review, and field tested as part of two focus groups. The finalized measure was used at baseline and 6 months post-assessment with a large US cohort. Exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) were conducted to determine and confirm factor structure and item selection. Internal reliability, test–retest reliability, and convergent/divergent validity of the emerged factors were tested with demographics, diabetes-specific information, and diabetes behavioral and satisfaction measures. Results: In all, 778 participants with type 1 diabetes (66% female, mean age 47.13 ± 17.76 years, 74% insulin pump users) completed surveys at both baseline and post-assessment. EFA highlighted two factors—Device Satisfaction (seven items, Cronbach’s α = 0.85-0.90) and Diabetes Impact (four items, Cronbach’s α = 0.71-0.75). DIDS Scale demonstrated good concurrent validity and test–retest reliability. Conclusion: The DIDS Scale is a novel and a brief assessment tool with robust psychometric properties. It is recommended for use across all insulin delivery devices and is considered appropriate for use in longitudinal studies. Future studies are recommended to evaluate the performance of DIDS Scale in diverse populations with diabetes.
Words Unspoken: A Testimonial Discourse of Bama’s Karukku: A Gratification of Self-reflection and Inner Strength of the Subaltern Women
Authors: Rajendran Jayanthi 
Published: February 2020

If untouchability lives, humanity must die. —M.K. Gandhi In this present and current global research scenario, the theme of subaltern has become a household word in regular usage and also in various disciplines other than literature. Literature, on the other hand, represents life in relation to social reality. The word ‘subaltern’ has its origin in the German word which means ‘inferior rank’ or ‘secondary importance’. Julian Wolfreys defines subaltern as a concept: ‘It contains the groups that are marginalized, oppressed and exploited on the cultural, political, social and religious grounds’. Thus, subaltern literature reflects various themes such as oppression, marginalization, gender discrimination, subjugation of lower and working classes, disregarded women, neglected sections of society and deprived classes of the existing society. As De Boland rightly confesses, ‘literature is an expression of society’. Literature in itself embodies life and life is a social reality of society. A writer, who is a member of a society, is influenced by specific social status and receives some degree of social recognition and recompense. Though this may benefit them in one way: it obviously helps them bring to limelight the sufferings and difficult paths the downtrodden tread upon. Thus, this article focuses on the voice of the voiceless in bringing out their voices to be heard in the outer world. In Bama’s Karukku, she testifies her situation of life and narrates her feelings in this small writing. In a world where problems relating to human privileges have been under perilous focus, literary portrayals of the experiences of demoted groups have assimilated great implication. The modern stream in Dalit literature in India is a challenge to bring to prime the experiences of discrimination, inequality, violence, injustice and poverty of the Dalits.
Opportunities and barriers to multimodal cities: lessons learned from in-depth interviews about attitudes towards mobility as a service
Authors: Matyas Melinda 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWith the emergence of the Mobility as a Service (MaaS) concept, it is important to understand whether it has the potential to support behaviour change and the shift away from private vehicle ownership and use. This paper aims to identify potential ways that MaaS (specifically MaaS plans) could help encourage behavioural change; and understand the barriers to using alternative transport modes. In-depth interviews and qualitative analysis are applied to the case study of London. The results indicate that individuals segment the transport modes offered via MaaS into three categories: essential, considered and excluded. Soft measures should target each individuals’ consideration set as this is where the most impact can be made regarding behaviour change. Respondents also highlighted factors that make them apprehensive towards certain modes, such as safety, service characteristics and administration. Interventions that focus on the socio-demographic groups that are most affected could help make these modes more appealing.
Drug-target interaction prediction with tree-ensemble learning and output space reconstruction
Authors: Pliakos Konstantinos , Vens Celine 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Computational prediction of drug-target interactions (DTI) is vital for drug discovery. The experimental identification of interactions between drugs and target proteins is very onerous. Modern technologies have mitigated the problem, leveraging the development of new drugs. However, drug development remains extremely expensive and time consuming. Therefore, in silico DTI predictions based on machine learning can alleviate the burdensome task of drug development. Many machine learning approaches have been proposed over the years for DTI prediction. Nevertheless, prediction accuracy and efficiency are persisting problems that still need to be tackled. Here, we propose a new learning method which addresses DTI prediction as a multi-output prediction task by learning ensembles of multi-output bi-clustering trees (eBICT) on reconstructed networks. In our setting, the nodes of a DTI network (drugs and proteins) are represented by features (background information). The interactions between the nodes of a DTI network are modeled as an interaction matrix and compose the output space in our problem. The proposed approach integrates background information from both drug and target protein spaces into the same global network framework.

Results
We performed an empirical evaluation, comparing the proposed approach to state of the art DTI prediction methods and demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach in different prediction settings. For evaluation purposes, we used several benchmark datasets that represent drug-protein networks. We show that output space reconstruction can boost the predictive performance of tree-ensemble learning methods, yielding more accurate DTI predictions.

Conclusions
We proposed a new DTI prediction method where bi-clustering trees are built on reconstructed networks. Building tree-ensemble learning models with output space reconstruction leads to superior prediction results, while preserving the advantages of tree-ensembles, such as scalability, interpretability and inductive setting.
Synergistic effects of vorinostat (SAHA) and azoles against Aspergillus species and their biofilms
Authors: Tu Bo , Yin Gendi , Li Hui 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Invasive aspergillosis is a fungal infection that occurs mainly in immunocompromised patients. It is responsible for a high degree of mortality and is invariably unresponsive to conventional antifungal treatments. Histone deacetylase inhibitors can affect the cell cycle, apoptosis and differentiation. The histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat (SAHA) has recently received approval for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Here, we investigated the interactions of SAHA and itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole against Aspergillus spp. in vitro using both planktonic cells and biofilms.

Results
We investigated 20 clinical strains using broth microdilution checkerboard methods. The results showed synergy between SAHA and itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole against 60, 40, and 25% of tested isolates of planktonic Aspergillus spp., respectively. Similar synergy was also observed against Aspergillus biofilms. The expression of the azole-associated multidrug efflux pumps MDR1, MDR2, MDR3 and MDR4, as well as that of HSP90, was measured by RT-PCR. The results indicated that the molecular mechanism of the observed synergistic effects in Aspergillus fumigatus may be partly associated with dampened expression of the efflux pump genes and, furthermore, that HSP90 suppression may be a major contributor to the observed synergistic effects of the drugs.

Conclusions
SAHA has potential as a secondary treatment to enhance the effects of azoles against both biofilm and planktonic cells of Aspergillus spp. in vitro. This effect occurs mostly by inhibition of HSP90 expression.
The DELLA proteins interact with MYB21 and MYB24 to regulate filament elongation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Huang Huang , Gong Yilong , Liu Bei , Wu Dewei , Zhang Min , Xie Daoxin , Song Susheng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Gibberellin (GA) and jasmonate (JA) are two essential phytohormones for filament elongation in Arabidopsis. GA and JA trigger degradation of DELLAs and JASMONATE ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins through SCFSLY1 and SCFCOI1 separately to activate filament elongation. In JA pathway, JAZs interact with MYB21 and MYB24 to control filament elongation. However, little is known how DELLAs regulate filament elongation.

Results
Here we showed that DELLAs interact with MYB21 and MYB24, and that R2R3 domains of MYB21 and MYB24 are responsible for interaction with DELLAs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that DELLA and JAZ proteins coordinately repress the transcriptional function of MYB21 and MYB24 to inhibit filament elongation.

Conclusion
We discovered that DELLAs interact with MYB21 and MYB24, and that DELLAs and JAZs attenuate the transcriptional function of MYB21 and MYB24 to control filament elongation. This study reveals a novel cross-talk mechanism of GA and JA in the regulation of filament elongation in Arabidopsis.