bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of intraoperative frozen section in assessing margins in oral cancers: A tertiary care hospital based study
Authors: Pandey Surabhi , Bhamra Swarneet , Singh Ankita 
Published: August 2020

To study the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section diagnosis in assessing margins in oral cancer resection. But reliability of frozen sections in predicting the ultimate final margin status is unknown. We compared frozen and permanent reads to identify risk factors for overall discrepancies between intraoperative and final margin status.To evaluate the role of frozen section diagnosis as a guide in resection of oral cancer lesions.Pathology reports of 284 surgical resections specimens between 2018 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 104 cases (470) margins) met inclusion criteria. The reports of frozen sections are compared with the results of histologic findings obtained by routine paraffin embedded Haematoxylin and Eosin method.The comparison of the section from margins i.e. anterior, posterior, medial, lateral and deep, altogether 470 margins from 104 patients showed concordance in 437 margins, i.e. 446 margins were negative in both frozen section and Paraffin method and 16 margins were positive in both frozen section and Paraffin method. 22 margins were positive in paraffin method. 18 margins were positive in frozen section. The eight margins showed disagreement in frozen section and paraffin embedded Haematoxylin and Eosin method.Individual frozen section reads are highly accurate. However, negative intraoperative margins do not guarantee margin-negative resections. The process of selecting representative margins for intraoperative analysis should be refined. The surgeon and the pathologist must understand the limitations of frozen sections.
Dydaktyczne postulaty Ludwiki Jeleńskiej (1885-1961) w świetle założeń współczesnej pedagogiki integralnej
Authors: Waga Leszek 
Published: August 2020

Głównym celem artykułu jest wykazanie obecności współczesnych założeń pedagogiki integralnej w postulatach dydaktycznych Ludwiki Jeleńskiej (1885-1961). Rozważania wpisują się w historyczne badania pedagogiczne, w których zastosowana jest metoda analizy i krytyki źródeł. W pierwszym punkcie dokonana jest operacjonalizacja pojęcia „pedagogika integralna”. Drugi punkt zawiera prezentację obecności myśli dydaktycznej L. Jeleńskiej we współczesnej literaturze pedagogicznej. W trzecim punkcie zrelacjonowane są wyniki analizy dydaktyki L. Jeleńskiej w perspektywie dzisiejszych założeń pedagogiki integralnej. Analizy te uprawniają do stwierdzenia, że pomimo licznych uwarunkowań społeczno-kulturowych, ekonomicznych i politycznych, mających wpływ na opisy pracy dydaktycznej polskiego nauczyciela okresu międzywojennego i powojennego, postulaty dotyczące wychowania integralnego i pedagogiki integralnej formułowane XXI wieku były bliskie tej autorce.
Study of Mortality Rate And Poisoning Status by Using Pesticides, Drugs, and Chemicals In Meshkinshahr, Ardabil Province
Authors: Moradi-asl Eslam , Nikookar Hassan , Danandehpor Peyman , Vakili Fazel , Asadyian Mehrdad , Adham Davoud 
Published: August 2020

Background and Purpose: Poisoning with pesticides, drugs, and chemicals is one of the most important health problems in the world, causing a varying mortality rate in different regions. Easy access to a variety of drugs and poisons has caused some people to be hurt by using such things. The aim of this study was to evaluate the poisoning and mortality rate by using poisons, drugs, and chemicals in Meshkinshahr, a city in Ardabil Province.Materials and Methods: This descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Meshkinshahr Hospital from 2017 until the end of 2018. All information of people who were poisoned with pesticides, drugs, and chemicals was extracted from hospital case, and then was analyzed by SPSS 23.Results: Totally, 453 cases were referred to hospital with 173 (38.20 %) male and 280 (61.80 %) female. 73% of the cases were poisoned by using medications and drugs , 18% by using other chemicals and 9% by poisons and pesticides. The mortality rate was 4%, with 70% due to exposure to pesticides and toxics, and 60% pertaining to deliberate suicide.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, most of the poisoning cases occurred as a result of using drugs; however, more than 70% of mortality was due to pesticides which indicated the toxicity of the pesticides. Also, the findings emphasized that the knowledge of target people is low.
Robust high-dimensional semiparametric regression using optimized differencing method applied to the vitamin B2 production data
Authors: Roozbeh Mahdi , Maanavi Monireh , Babaie-Kafaki Saman 
Published: August 2020

Background and purpose: By evolving science, knowledge, and technology, we deal with high-dimensional data in which the number of predictors may considerably exceed the sample size. The main problems with high-dimensional data are the estimation of the coefficients and interpretation. For high-dimension problems, classical methods are not reliable because of a large number of predictor variables. In addition, classical methods are affected by the presence of outliers and collinearity.Methods: Nowadays, many real-world data sets carry structures of high-dimensional problems. To handle this problem, we used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Also, due to the flexibility and applicability of the semiparametric model in medical data, it can be used for modeling the genomic data. Motivated by these, here an improved robust approach in a high-dimensional data set was developed for the analysis of gene expression and prediction in the presence of outliers.Results: Among the common problems in regression analysis, there was the problem of outliers. In the regression concept, an outlier is a point that fails to follow the main linear pattern of the data. The ordinary least-squares estimator was found potentially sensitive to the outliers; this fact provided necessary motivations to investigate robust estimations. Generally, the robust regression is among the most popular problems in the statistics community. In the present study, the least trimmed squares (LTS) estimation was applied to overcome the outlier problem.Conclusions: We have proposed an optimization approach for semiparametric models to combat outliers in the data set. Especially, based on a penalization LASSO scheme, we have suggested a nonlinear integer programming problem as the semiparametric model which can be effectively solved by any evolutionary algorithm. We have also studied a real-world application related to the riboflavin production. The results showed that the proposed method was reasonably efficient in contrast to the LTS Method.
A study of barriers to adherence of antiretroviral treatment in prisoners living with HIV in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Seyedalinaghi Seyedahmad , Farhoudi Behnam , Harandi Hamid , Mahalleh Mehrdad , Dadras Omid , Alipour Amin , Alijani Mohsen 
Published: August 2020

Background: People with chronic illnesses, such as HIV infection, face many barriers in the way of adherence to the treatment. In this study, the researchers attempted to investigate the barriers and facilitators of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among patients with HIV.Methods: Focus group discussion (FGD) was conducted with the primary objectives of investigating the barriers to ART adherence. Nine participants with HIV infection were recruited through a purposive sampling method at Great Tehran Prison.Results: In terms of the influencing factors of non-adherence; the drug side effects, especially with Efavirenz, Methadone and opioids effects resolution due to interaction with antiretroviral drugs, forgetfulness, fear of hangover due to the missed or delayed Methadone use, inappropriate nutrition and lack of access to food supplements and poverty were noted by majority of participants. In addition, there were some less, but still important factors of non-adherence among the patients, which were mentioned in the manuscript of the article.Conclusion: The medications side effects, inappropriate methadone prescription, stigma, lack of family support, and unfavorable prison conditions were found to be the potential barriers of adherence to HIV medication, whilst a strong and realistic patient-physician relationship, psychosocial and family support, and knowledge regarding the level of CD4 were amongst the possible facilitators for adherence to HIV medication in HIV-positive prisoners.
Inhalable wood dust: Risk assessment of Occupational exposure
Authors: Mohammadyan Mahmoud , Yazdani Charati Jamshid , Yousefinejad Raziye , Zare Rahman 
Published: August 2020

Background and Purpose: Wood dust have been approved as a harmful and carcinogenic agent for humans. This study aimed to evaluate risk assessment of Workers' exposure to inhalable wood dust among 100 workers in 25 furniture manufacturing workshops in one of the northern cities in Iran.Materials and Methods: NIOSH0501 method was used to assess the occupational exposure to Inhalable wood dust and Semi-quantitative risk assessment method recommended by Singapore Department of Occupational Health was used to assess risk level of occupational exposure. Airborne particles were collected from the workers' breathing zone using calibrated personal sampler pump and a PVC filter with a 25 mm diameter, 5 µm pore size embedded inside an IOM Sampler.Results: The mean occupational exposure to inhalable wood dust among all exposed workers was found to be 22.3 ± 6.9 (Mean ± SD) mg.m-3. The risk level of workers' exposure to inhalable wood dust was also documented to be in medium level in all workshops. In addition, the researchers found that among environmental variables, the door area of workshops was the most effective predictor variable to predict variations of workers' exposure to inhalable wood dust (ADJ.R2=0.113, R2=0.122, p<0.001).Conclusion: Exposure to inhalable wood dust was several times higher than the OEL of Iran and TLV recommended by ACGIH. Since the risk level of workers' exposure to inhalable wood dust was in medium level, their health could be threatened by prolonged exposure. Therefore, technical-engineering and managerial controls seemed to be necessary.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Comparing the Safety of Dapagliflozin in Type 1 Diabetes Patients
Authors: Saha Sumanta , Saha Sujata 
Published: August 2020

Background and Purpose: The dapagliflozin’s safety profile in insulin-treated adult type-1 diabetes mellites (T1DM) patients remains poorly explored. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis compared the risk of all-cause side effects, study discontinuation of participants due to side effects, urinary tract infection (UTI), diabetic ketoacidosis, and hypoglycemia between dapagliflozin 10 mg and dapagliflozin 5 mg, dapagliflozin 10 mg and placebo, and dapagliflozin 5 mg and placebo.Materials and Methods: Parallel-arm randomized controlled trials juxtaposing the above outcomes between the afore-mentioned interventions were eligible for inclusion in this study and were searched in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. Utilizing the Cochrane tool, the risk of bias was assessed in the recruited trials. Finally, by random-effect meta-analysis, each outcome was compared among the above interventions, and the risk ratio was estimated.Results: Four trials of varying length (1-52 weeks) sourcing data from almost 1760 participants from about 32 nations were reviewed. Overall, the trials had a low or unclear risk of bias, and only one was at a high risk of bias. Compared to the placebo, the risk of side effects was higher in those treated with dapagliflozin 5 mg (RR=1.10; 95% CI=1.02-1.18; p=0.014; I2=0%). UTI risk was less with the 10mg dapagliflozin than its lower dose (RR=0.50; 95% CI=0.32-0.79; p-value=0.003; I2=0%). All the remaining comparisons were statistically not significantly different between the juxtaposed intervention pairs.Conclusion: In contrast to placebo, dapagliflozin 5mg increased the risk of overall adversities in insulin-treated type-1 diabetes, and dapagliflozin 10 mg had a reduced risk of UTI than its 5mg preparation.
Pathogen Infection Recovery Probability (PIRP) Versus Proinflammatory Anti-Pathogen Species (PIAPS) Levels: Modelling and Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Sun Sam-Shajing 
Published: August 2020

CoVID-19 pandemic due to SARS-CoV-2 virus has been spreading rapidly worldwide since late 2019, and it may become one of the largest pandemic events in modern human history if out of control. It appears most of the CoVID-19 infection resulted deaths are mainly due to severe hypoxia from dysfunction of the lung, and that could be attributed to host’s immunodysfunctions particularly hyperinflammatory type disorders or allergic reaction. In this brief review and study, a mathematical model is proposed to correlate the Pathogen Infection Recovery Probability (PIRP) versus Proinflammatory Anti-Pathogen Species (PIAPS) levels, where a maximum PIRP is expected when the PIAPS levels are equal to or around PIAPS equilibrium levels at the pathogen elimination or clearance onset. Based on this model, rational or effective therapeutic strategies at right stages or timing, with right type of agents (immuno-stimulators or immuno-suppressors), and right dosages, could be designed and implemented that are expected to effectively achieve maximum PIRP or reduce the mortality.
Bir İnsansız Kara Aracı İçin Yüksek Verimli Fırçasız Doğru Akım Motoru Tasarımı
Authors: Kıvanç Ömer Cihan 
Published: August 2020

İnsansız kara araçları (İKA) sahip oldukları farklı modüller sebebiyle araştırmacılara çeşitli çalışma alanları sunmaktadır. Bu modüller sensör teknolojileri, gömülü sistemler, haritalandırma ve konumlama, yörünge takibi, mekanik tasarım, elektrik motoru ve batarya teknolojileri gibi alanlardan oluşabilmektedir. Bu araştırma alanlarından elektrik motoru teknolojisinde her ne kadar bahsedilen diğer alanlara göre daha fazla limit tasarım değerlerine ulaşılmış olsa da insansız araçların sahip oldukları karmaşık ve kendine özgü kısıtlar sebebiyle farklı tasarım yaklaşımlarına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Yapılan çalışmada çok yönlü hareket kabiliyetli, düşük sürtünmeli ve yüksek titreşimli bir İKA için özel bir dış rotorlu fırçasız doğru akım motoru (FDAM) tasarlanmıştır. Yapılan tasarımda düşük hız, yüksek moment ve yüksek verimde bir FDAM’u kısıtlı alan ve hacim koşulları göz önünde bulundurularak kolay imal edilebilir bir yapıda geliştirilmiştir. Çalışmada analitik çözümler ANSYS RMxprt, 2 ve 3 boyutlu analizler ise sonlu elemanlar yöntemine (SEY) dayanan ANSYS Maxwell ile yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, başlangıç motivasyonu ile tasarım çıktıları arasındaki uygunluğu göstermiş ve üretilebilir bir elektrik motoru geliştirilmiştir.
Música e mídias: contribuições das teses e dissertações brasileiras Para a formação de professores
Authors: Natera Gislene , Girardello Gilka 
Published: August 2020

O artigo apresenta e analisa um mapeamento das teses e dissertações sobre música e mídias realizadas entre 2000 e 2018 nos cursos brasileiros de Pós-Graduação em Educação e em Música. A partir de referências teóricas da educação musical e da mídia-educação, verificou-se que os temas mais frequentemente estudados são a influência das mídias na relação dos jovens com a música, e as maneiras como eles utilizam as tecnologias digitais, inclusive para constituir sua identidade musical. As pesquisas mostram que os professores precisam estar atentos aos novos desdobramentos culturais, e que os saberes musicais dos estudantes deveriam ser compartilhados e discutidos na escola. A análise do mapeamento valida a necessidade de a música e as mídias estarem presentes nos cursos de formação de professores, aproximando a escola das vivências midiático-musicais dos jovens, e favorecendo novas formas de aprendizagem musical e de reflexão cultural crítica e criadora para professores e estudantes.
Surgery Outcomes of Lamellar Macular Eyes with or without Lamellar Hole-Associated Epiretinal Proliferation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: xu hanyue , Qin Ling , Zhang Yifan , Xiao Yinan , Zhang Ming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Given the two different kinds of epiretinal membranes, this study aimed to compare both the structural and functional outcomes of lamellar macular holes with and without lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation (LHEP) after surgery.Method: Publications up to July 2020 that compared the surgical outcomes of lamellar macular hole with and without LHEP were included. Forest plots were created by using a weighted summary of proportion meta-analysis. Fixed or random effects models were used on the basis of I2 heterogeneity estimates. Meanwhile, to evaluate the stability of the meta-analysis, a sensitivity analysis was carried out.Results: Eight pertinent publications that contained a total of 176 eyes without LHEP and 173 eyes with LHEP were included. They were all retrospective studies and had a follow-up of at least 6 months. In all studies, the preoperative best corrected visual acuity showed no significant differences between the two groups, and the visual acuity improved in both groups after surgery. The pooled result for the improved best corrected visual acuity was 0.18 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.10 to 0.26; P< 0.01) between the with and without LHEP groups. The restored ellipsoid zone odds ratio was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.26 to 2.44; P= 0.69) for the group with LHEP compared to the group without LHEP.Conclusion: Patients without LHEP had better postoperative visual acuity than patients with LHEP. No significant difference in restored ellipsoid zone was found between the two groups.
Clinical characteristics and blood/serum bound prognostic biomarkers in advanced pancreatic cancer treated with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel
Authors: Blomstrand Hakon , Green Henrik , Fredriksson Mats , Gränsmark Emma , Björnsson Bergthor , Elander Nils 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: In recent years treatment options for advanced pancreatic cancer has markedly improved, and a combination regimen of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel is now considered standard of care in Sweden and elsewhere. Nevertheless, a majority of patients do not respond to treatment. In order to guide the individual patient to the most beneficial therapeutic strategy, simple and easily available prognostic and predictive markers are needed. Methods: The potential prognostic value of a range of blood/serum parameters, patient-, and tumour characteristics was explored in a retrospective cohort of 75 patients treated with gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (Gem/NabP) for advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in the South Eastern Region of Sweden. Primary outcome was overall survival while progression free survival was the key secondary outcome.Result: Univariable Cox regression analysis revealed that high baseline serum albumin (> 37 g/L) and older age (>65) were positive prognostic markers for OS, and in multivariable regression analysis both parameters were confirmed to be independent prognostic variables (HR 0.48, p=0.023 and HR=0.47, p=0.039,). Thrombocytopenia at any time during the treatment was an independent predictor for improved progression free survival (PFS) but not for OS (HR 0.49, p=0.029, 0.54, p=0.073), whereas thrombocytopenia developed under cycle 1 was neither related with OS nor PFS (HR 0.87, p=0.384, HR 1.04, p=0.771). Other parameters assessed (gender, tumour stage, ECOG performance status, myelosuppression, baseline serum CA19-9, and baseline serum bilirubin levels) were not significantly associated with survival. Conclusion: Serum albumin at baseline is a prognostic factor with palliative Gem/NabP in advanced PDAC, and should be further assessed as a tool for risk stratification. Older age was associated with improved survival, which encourages further studies on the use of Gem/NabP in the elderly.
Predictors of parental mediation in teenagers’ internet use: A cross-sectional study of female caregivers in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Sarosh , Zakar Rubeena , Fischer Florian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The internet has become the most widely used medium among teenagers, who spend much of their time online, which raises parental concerns. Notwithstanding teens’ increased internet use and exposure to online risks, little is yet known about parental internet mediation in local settings. The present research aimed to assess the various dimensions of parental mediation to regulate teens’ use of the internet, and their predictors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the district of Lahore, Pakistan, among mothers/female caregivers of teens (aged 13–19 years). Only women were interviewed because they are more frequently engaged as primary caregivers than fathers or male caregivers. Furthermore, only qualified and working mothers from the top two professions among women, i.e. academia and medicine, were interviewed. A stratified random sampling technique was adopted, and 347 mothers were interviewed using face-to-face interviews at 11 universities and 11 hospitals/medical colleges. Data was entered and analysed using descriptive, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Results: The findings highlighted that more than 65% of respondents applied high active mediation of internet safety, around 60% used high active co-use mediation and more than 56% applied restrictive mediation. In addition, 36% of respondents monitored and 15.3% technically mediated to regulate their teens’ use of the internet. The results of the multivariate logistic regression revealed that the majority of respondents were more inclined to adopt active internet safety mediation if they had teens aged 16–19 years, with medium internet addiction, possessed good digital skills, felt confident about their teens’ coping appraisal to perform online protection, and considered their teens to have high self-esteem and resilience. Conclusions: This research found that parental internet mediation is a multi-faceted concept used to regulate teens’ online activity and enhance a resilient approach to reduce the risks associated with use of the internet. The researchers recommend developing parental guidelines, e-safety resource material, local support networks and community programmes to educate parents, teachers and teens in order to raise awareness and promote resilient pathways amongst teens.