bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strain-Engineered Tetragonal Phase and Ferroelectricity in GdMnO3 Thin Films Grown on SrTiO3 (001)
Authors: Machado P. , Figueiras F. G. , Vilarinho R. , Fernandes J. R. A. , Tavares P. B. , Soares M. Rosário , Cardoso S. , Silva J. P. B. , Almeida A. , Moreira J. Agostinho 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA previously unreported tetragonal phase has been discovered in a epitaxially strained GdMnO3 thin films deposited on (001)-oriented SrTiO3 substrates by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. The tetragonal axis of the films grown up to a 35 nm thickness is perpendicular to the film surface and the basal lattice parameters are imposed by the cubic structure of the substrate. Furthermore, the emergence of a spontaneous electric polarization below ~32 K points to the stabilization of an improper ferroelectric phase at low temperatures, which is not observed in bulk GdMnO3. This work shows how strain engineering can be used to tailor the structure and properties of strongly correlated oxides.
Asthma and/or hay fever as predictors of fertility/impaired fecundity in U.S. women: National Survey of Family Growth
Authors: Turkeltaub Paul C. , Lockey Richard F. , Holmes Katie , Friedmann Erika 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study addresses whether asthma and/or hay fever predict fertility and impaired fecundity. The lifetime number of pregnancies (fertility) and spontaneous pregnancy losses (impaired fecundity) in 10,847 women representative of the U.S. population 15 to 44 years of age with histories of diagnosed asthma and/or hay fever are analyzed in the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth using multivariable Poisson regression with multiple covariates and adjustments for complex sampling. Smokers have significantly increased fertility compared to nonsmokers. Smokers with asthma only have significantly increased fertility compared to other smokers. Higher fertility is associated with impaired fecundity (ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, stillbirth). Women with asthma (with and without hay fever) have significantly higher pregnancy losses than women without asthma. With increasing number of pregnancies, smokers have increased pregnancy losses compared to nonsmokers. Smokers, especially those with asthma only, have increased fertility and require special attention as to their family planning needs, reproductive health, and smoking cessation. Women with asthma, regardless of number of pregnancies, and smokers with higher numbers of pregnancies have high risk pregnancies that require optimal asthma/medical management prenatally and throughout pregnancy. Whether a proinflammatory asthma endotype underlies both the increased fertility and impaired fecundity associated with age and smoking is discussed.
Pharmacological myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibition in an obese/hypertensive mouse model attenuates obesity and liver damage, but not cardiac remodeling
Authors: Piek Arnold , Koonen Debby P. Y. , Schouten Elisabeth-Maria , Lindtstedt Eva L. , Michaëlsson Erik , de Boer Rudolf A. , Silljé Herman H. W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLifestyle factors are important drivers of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular syndromes, with low grade inflammation as a central player. Attenuating myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, an inflammatory enzyme associated with obesity, hypertension and heart failure, could have protective effects on multiple organs. Herein, the effects of the novel oral available MPO inhibitor AZM198 were studied in an obese/hypertensive mouse model which displays a cardiac phenotype. Eight week old male C57BL6/J mice received 16 weeks of high fat diet (HFD) combined with angiotensin II (AngII) infusion during the last 4 weeks, with low fat diet and saline infusion as control. Treated animals showed therapeutic AZM198 levels (2.1 µM), corresponding to 95% MPO inhibition. AZM198 reduced elevated circulating MPO levels in HFD/AngII mice to normal values. Independent of food intake, bodyweight increase and fat accumulation were attenuated by AZM198, alongside with reduced visceral adipose tissue (VAT) inflammation and attenuated severity of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The HFD/AngII perturbation caused impaired cardiac relaxation and contraction, and increased cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. AZM198 treatment did, however, not improve these cardiac parameters. Thus, AZM198 had positive effects on the main lipid controlling tissues in the body, namely adipose tissue and liver. This did, however, not directly result in improved cardiac function.
Nitrogen and phosphorus addition differentially affect plant ecological stoichiometry in desert grassland
Authors: Li Lei , Liu Bo , Gao Xiaopeng , Li Xiangyi , Li Chengdao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPlant C:N:P stoichiometric relations drive powerful constraints on ecological interactions and processes. However, information about plant stoichiometric responses to N and P availability in desert grassland is limited. We conducted two field experiments with 7 levels of N (from 0.5 g to 24 g N ∙ m−2 yr−1) and P (from 0.05 g to 3.2 g P ∙ m−2 yr−1) additions in a desert grassland of Kunlun Mountain in the northwest of China to investigate the effects of these addition rates on the N and P stoichiometry of the dominant grass species Seriphidium korovinii. Nitrogen and P additions both affected plant stoichiometry. N addition suppressed P concentrations, whereas P addition had no effect on plant N concentrations. The N:P ratios of green aboveground biomass (AGB) were positively correlated with N addition ranging from 14.73 to 29.08, whereas those for P additions decreased ranging from 14.73 to 8.29. N concentrations were positively correlated with soil available N:P ratios, whereas, P concentrations were negatively correlated with soil availably N:P. Our results suggest that chemistry and stoichiometry of S. korovinii was directly affected by soil nutrient availability. Soil N availability affects S. korovinii stoichiometry to a greater extent that does soil P availability in this ecosystem. These findings suggest that N-deposition could affect the stoichiometry of this desert grassland ecosystem, and thereby potentially alter litter decomposition, plant community composition, nutrient cycling, and food-web dynamics of these desert ecosystems.
The association of Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet with metabolic healthy and metabolic unhealthy obesity phenotypes
Authors: Farhadnejad Hossein , Darand Mina , Teymoori Farshad , Asghari Golaleh , Mirmiran Parvin , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe current study aimed at investigating the association between Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and odds of obesity phenotypes, is a cross sectional study conducted on 3218 Iranian overweight or obese participants (BMI >25 kg/m2), aged ≥20 years, who participated in the fourth phase (2009–2011) of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Using a valid and reliable food-frequency questionnaire, DASH diet scores between 8 and 40 points were determined. Obesity phenotypes including metabolic unhealthy obesity (MUHO) and metabolic healthy obesity (MHO) were defined using criteria of the Joint International statement(JIS) for metabolic syndrome. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio (OR) for obesity phenotypes according to the tertiles of the DASH diet. Mean ± SD age of participants (43.5% male) was 39.2 ± 9.5 years and median (25–75 interquartile range) DASH diet score was 24 (21–27); percentages of MHO and MUHO subjects were 33.4 and 66.6%, respectively. In the multivariable adjusted model, after controlling for age, sex, BMI, physical activity, smoking status, socioeconomic status, and energy intake, participants in the highest tertile of DASH diet had lower odds of MUHO (OR:0.79;95%CI:0.64–0.98), in comparison to those in the lowest one (P for trend = 0.040). Our findings indicate that adherence to DASH diet may be favourable in prevention of metabolic abnormalities in overweight and obese individuals.
Glycolytic suppression dramatically changes the intracellular metabolic profile of multiple cancer cell lines in a mitochondrial metabolism-dependent manner
Authors: Shiratori Reika , Furuichi Kenta , Yamaguchi Masashi , Miyazaki Natsumi , Aoki Haruna , Chibana Hiroji , Ito Kousei , Aoki Shigeki 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMost cancer cells rely on glycolysis to generate ATP, even when oxygen is available. However, merely inhibiting the glycolysis is insufficient for the eradication of cancer cells. One main reason for this is that cancer cells have the potential to adapt their metabolism to their environmental conditions. In this study, we investigated how cancer cells modify their intracellular metabolism when glycolysis is suppressed, using PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells and two other solid tumor cell lines, A549 and HeLa. Our study revealed that glycolytically suppressed cells upregulated mitochondrial function and relied on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to obtain the ATP necessary for their survival. Dynamic changes in intracellular metabolic profiles were also observed, reflected by the reduced levels of TCA cycle intermediates and elevated levels of most amino acids. Glutamine and glutamate were important for this metabolic reprogramming, as these were largely consumed by influx into the TCA cycle when the glycolytic pathway was suppressed. During the reprogramming process, activated autophagy was involved in modulating mitochondrial function. We conclude that upon glycolytic suppression in multiple types of tumor cells, intracellular energy metabolism is reprogrammed toward mitochondrial OXPHOS in an autophagy-dependent manner to ensure cellular survival.
Identification of the core bacteria in rectums of diarrheic and non-diarrheic piglets
Authors: Sun Jing , Du Lei , Li XiaoLei , Zhong Hang , Ding Yuchun , Liu Zuohua , Ge Liangpeng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPorcine diarrhea is a global problem that leads to large economic losses of the porcine industry. There are numerous factors related to piglet diarrhea, and compelling evidence suggests that gut microbiota is vital to host health. However, the key bacterial differences between non-diarrheic and diarrheic piglets are not well understood. In the present study, a total of 85 commercial piglets at three pig farms in Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality, China were investigated. To accomplish this, anal swab samples were collected from piglets during the lactation (0–19 days old in this study), weaning (20–21 days old), and post-weaning periods (22–40 days), and fecal microbiota were assessed by 16S rRNA gene V4 region sequencing using the Illumina Miseq platform. We found age-related biomarker microbes in the fecal microbiota of diarrheic piglets. Specifically, the family Enterobacteriaceae was a biomarker of diarrheic piglets during lactation (cluster A, 7–12 days old), whereas the Bacteroidales family S24–7 group was found to be a biomarker of diarrheic pigs during weaning (cluster B, 20–21 days old). Co-correlation network analysis revealed that the genus Escherichia-Shigella was the core component of diarrheic microbiota, while the genus Prevotellacea UCG-003 was the key bacterium in non-diarrheic microbiota of piglets in Southwest China. Furthermore, changes in bacterial metabolic function between diarrheic piglets and non-diarrheic piglets were estimated by PICRUSt analysis, which revealed that the dominant functions of fecal microbes were membrane transport, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and energy metabolism. Remarkably, genes related to transporters, DNA repair and recombination proteins, purine metabolism, ribosome, secretion systems, transcription factors, and pyrimidine metabolism were decreased in diarrheic piglets, but no significant biomarkers were found between groups using LEfSe analysis.
The Association of Low Admission Serum Creatinine with the Risk of Respiratory Failure Requiring Mechanical Ventilation: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Thongprayoon Charat , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Chewcharat Api , Mao Michael A. , Thirunavukkarasu Sorkko , Kashani Kianoush B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTo assess the association between low serum creatinine (SCr) value at admission and the risk of respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation in hospitalized patients. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary referral hospital. All hospitalized adult patients from 2011 through 2013 who had an admission SCr value were included in this study. Patients who were mechanically ventilated at the time of admission were excluded. Admission creatinine was stratified into 7 groups: ≤0.4, 0.5–0.6, 0.7–0.8, 0.9–1.0, 1.1–1.2, 1.3–1.4, and ≥1.5 mg/dL. The primary outcome was the occurrence of respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation during hospitalization. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent risk of respiratory failure based on various admission SCr, using SCr of 0.7–0.8 mg/dL as the reference group in the analysis of all patients and female subgroup and of 0.9–1.0 mg/dL in analysis of male subgroup. A total of 67,045 eligible patients, with the mean admission SCr of 1.0 ± 0.4 mg/dL, were studied. Of these patients, 799 (1.1%) had admission SCr of ≤0.4 mg/dL, and 2886 (4.3%) developed respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation during hospitalization. The U-curve relationship between admission SCr and respiratory failure during hospitalization was observed, with the nadir incidence of in-hospital respiratory failure in SCr of 0.7–0.8 mg/dL and increased in-hospital respiratory failure associated with both reduced and elevated admission SCr. After adjustment for confounders, very low admission SCr of ≤0.4 mg/dL was significantly associated with increased in-hospital respiratory failure (OR 3.11; 95% CI 2.33–4.17), exceeding the risk related to markedly elevated admission SCr of ≥1.5 mg/dL (OR 1.61; 95% CI 1.39–1.85). The association remained significant in the subgroup analysis of male and female patients. Low SCr value at admission is independently associated with increased in-hospital respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation in hospitalized patients.
Fundus first as the standard technique for laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Cengiz Yucel , Lund Meisam , Jänes Arthur , Lundell Lars , Sandblom Gabriel , Israelsson Leif 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn previous studies the fundus first technique (FF) has been a cost-effective way to simplify the laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and facilitate patient rehabilitation. The feasibility and safety profile when introducing FF as the standard technique were aimed in this study. Between 2004–2014, 29 surgeons performed 1425 LC with FF and 320 with a conventional technique. During the first year 56% were with FF and 98% during the last four years. More females, ultrasonic shears, urgent operations, daycare operations and a shorter operation time were found with FF. 63 (3.6%) complications occurred: 10 (0.6%) bleedings, 33 (1.9%) infections and 12 (0.7%) bile leakages. Leakage from cystic duct occurred in 4/112 (3.6%) when closed with ultrasonic shears and in 4/1633 (0.2%) with clips (p 0.008). A common bile duct lesion occurred in 1/1425 (0.07%) with FF and in 3/320 (0.9%) with the conventional approach (p 0.003). In a multivariate regression model, the conventional technique was a risk factor for bile duct injury with an odds ratio of 20.8 (95% CI 1.6–259.2). In conclusion FF was effectively established as the standard procedure and associated with lower rates of bile duct injuries. Clipless closure of the cystic duct increased the rate of leakage.
Searching for dark photon dark matter in LIGO O1 data
Authors: Guo Huai-Ke , Riles Keith , Yang Feng-Wei , Zhao Yue 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDark matter exists in our Universe, but its nature remains mysterious. The remarkable sensitivity of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) may be able to solve this mystery. A good dark matter candidate is the ultralight dark photon. Because of its interaction with ordinary matter, it induces displacements on LIGO mirrors that can lead to an observable signal. In a study that bridges gravitational wave science and particle physics, we perform a direct dark matter search using data from LIGO’s first (O1) data run, as opposed to an indirect search for dark matter via its production of gravitational waves. We demonstrate an achieved sensitivity on squared coupling as $$\sim\! 4\times 1{0}^{-45}$$~4×10−45, in a $$U{(1)}_{{\rm{B}}}$$U(1)B dark photon dark matter mass band around $${m}_{{\rm{A}}} \sim 4\,\times 1{0}^{-13}$$mA~4×10−13 eV. Substantially improved search sensitivity is expected during the coming years of continued data taking by LIGO and other gravitational wave detectors in a growing global network.
Tracing shock type with chemical diagnostics
Authors: James T. A. , Viti S. , Holdship J. , Jiménez-Serra I. 
Published: December 2019

Aims.The physical structure of a shock wave may take a form unique to its shock type, implying that the chemistry of each shock type is unique as well. We aim to investigate the different chemistries of J-type and C-type shocks in order to identify unique molecular tracers of both shock types. We apply these diagnostics to the protostellar outflow L1157 to establish whether the B2 clump could host shocks exhibiting type-specific behaviour. Of particular interest is the L1157-B2 clump, which has been shown to exhibit bright emission in S-bearing species and HNCO.Methods.We simulate, using a parameterised approach, a planar, steady-state J-type shock wave using UCLCHEM. We compute a grid of models using both C-type and J-type shock models to determine the chemical abundance of shock-tracing species as a function of distance through the shock and apply it to the L1157 outflow. We focus on known shock-tracing molecules such as H2O, HCN, and CH3OH.Results.We find that a range of molecules including H2O and HCN have unique behaviour specific to a J-type shock, but that such differences in behaviour are only evident at lowvsand lownH. We find that CH3OH is enhanced by shocks and is a reliable probe of the pre-shock gas density. However, we find no difference between its gas-phase abundance in C-type and J-type shocks. Finally, from our application to L1157, we find that the fractional abundances within the B2 region are consistent with both C-type and J-type shock emission.
The GOES-R EUVS model for EUV irradiance variability
Authors: Thiemann Edward M. B. , Eparvier Francis G. , Woodraska Don , Chamberlin Phillip C. , Machol Janet , Eden Thomas , Jones Andrew R. , Meisner Randy , Mueller Steven , Snow Martin , Viereck Rodney , Woods Thomas N. 
Published: December 2019

The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite R (GOES-R) series of four satellites are the next generation NOAA GOES satellites. Once on orbit and commissioned, they are renamed GOES 16–19, making critical terrestrial and space weather measurements through 2035. GOES 16 and 17 are currently on orbit, having been launched in 2016 and 2018, respectively. The GOES-R satellites include the Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray Irradiance Sensors (EXIS) instrument suite, which measures calibrated solar irradiance in eight lines or bands between 25 nm and 285 nm with the Extreme Ultraviolet Sensors (EUVS) instrument. EXIS also includes the X-Ray Sensor (XRS) instrument, which measures solar soft X-ray irradiance at the legacy GOES bands. The EUVS Measurements are used as inputs to the EUVS Model, a solar spectral irradiance model for space weather operations that predicts irradiance in twenty-two 5 nm wide intervals from 5 nm to 115 nm, and one 10 nm wide interval from 117 to 127 nm at 30 s cadence. Once fully operational, NOAA will distribute the EUVS Model irradiance with 1 min latency as a primary space weather data product, ushering in a new era of rapid dissemination and measurement continuity of EUV irradiance spectra. This paper describes the EUVS Model algorithms, data sources, calibration methods and associated uncertainties. Typical model (relative) uncertainties are less than ~5% for variability at time-scales longer than 6 h, and are ~25% for solar flare induced variability. The absolute uncertainties, originating from the instruments used to calibrate the EUVS Model, are ~10%. Examples of model results are presented at both sub-daily and multi-year timescales to demonstrate the model’s capabilities and limitations. Example solar flare irradiances are also modeled.
Novel hemostatic adhesive powder for nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Park Jin-Seok , Kim Hyung Kil , Shin Yong Woon , Kwon Kye Sook , Lee Don Haeng 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims A new hemostatic adhesive powder (UI-EWD) was developed to reduce high rebleeding rates and technical challenges associated with application of currently available hemostatic powders. The aim of the current study was to assess performance of UI-EWD for nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB).
Patients and methods A total of 56 consecutive patients that received UI-EWD monotherapy for endoscopic hemostasis due to NVUGIB were retrospectively reviewed. Main study outcomes were success rates with immediate hemostasis and rebleeding within 30 days. Outcomes were analyzed by reviewing patient medical records.
Results Etiologies of bleeding were: post-endoscopic therapy bleeding in 46 (82.1 %), peptic ulcer in 8 (14.3 %), tumor in 1 (1.8 %), and other in 1 (1.8 %). UI-EWD was successfully applied at bleeding site in all cases. The success rate of immediate hemostasis was 96.4 % (54/56), and the 30-day rebleeding rate among patients that achieved immediate hemostasis was 3.7 % (2/54). No adverse event related to use of UI-EWD occurred.
Conclusion UI-EWD was found to have a high immediate hemostasis success rate in NVUGIB when used as monotherapy and showed promising results in terms of preventing rebleeding.
Gefäßmedizin in der Zukunft – Möglichkeiten mit 3D-Druckverfahren
Authors: Dorweiler Bernhard , El Beyrouti Hazem , Vahl Christian Friedrich , Baqué Pia-Elisabeth , Ghazy Ahmed 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Digitalisierung der Chirurgie ist eine der richtungsweisenden Herausforderungen der aktuellen und kommenden Chirurgengenerationen. Für das Gebiet der Gefäßmedizin steht mit dem 3D-Druck eine digitale Technologie zur Verfügung, deren Implementierungsmöglichkeit interessante Perspektiven bietet und evaluiert werden muss. Die 3D-Drucktechnologie erlaubt neben dem Einsatz zu Aufklärungs-, Trainings- und Simulationszwecken auch die Herstellung von patientenindividuellen OP-Schablonen und Implantaten. In unserer Klinik wird diese Technologie derzeit in den Bereichen Operationsplanung bei komplexer Gefäßmorphologie, Patientenaufklärung und zu Trainingszwecken verwendet. Die aktuellen industriellen Weiterentwicklungen hinsichtlich Softwarelösungen, Materialpalette und Druckereigenschaften lassen eine deutliche Vereinfachung des Herstellungsprozesses von patientenindividuellen 3D-Modellen und eine Expansion der Anwendungsmöglichkeiten erwarten.