bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
B7-H3 regulates KIF15-activated ERK1/2 pathway and contributes to radioresistance in colorectal cancer
Authors: Ma Yanchao , Zhan Shenghua , Lu Huimin , Wang Ruoqin , Xu Yunyun , Zhang Guangbo , Cao Lei , Shi Tongguo , Zhang Xueguang , Chen Weichang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAs an important modality for the local control of colorectal cancer (CRC), radiotherapy or neoadjuvant radiotherapy is widely applied in the clinic, but radioresistance has become a major obstacle for CRC radiotherapy. Here we reported that B7-H3, an important costimulatory molecule, is associated with radioresistance in CRC. The expression of B7-H3 was obviously increased in CRC cells after irradiation. The enhanced expression of B7-H3 promoted, while the knockdown of B7-H3 inhibited, colony formation and cell activity in CRC cells following radiation treatment. B7-H3 overexpression reduced S phase arrest and protected cell apoptosis induced by radiation, whereas B7-H3 knockdown had the opposite effects. In addition, B7-H3 blockade by 3E8, a specific B7-H3 antibody, significantly sensitized CRC cells to irradiation in vivo. Mechanistic analysis revealed that B7-H3 regulated KIF15 via RNA sequencing, which was in dependent of NF-κB pathway. And small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated KIF15 silencing or KIF15 blockade by the inhibitor SB743921 abolished the effect of B7-H3 on radioresistance in vitro and in vivo. Similar to B7-H3, we find that the protein expression levels of KIF15, which showed a positive correlation with B7-H3, was abnormal upregulated in cancer tissues than in adjacent normal tissues and associated with TNM stage. Finally, B7-H3/KIF15 enhanced resistance against irradiation in CRC cells via activating ERK1/2 signaling, a key pathway involved in radioresistance in cancer. Our findings reveal an alternative mechanism by which CRC cells can acquire radioresistance via the B7-H3/KIF15/ERK axis.
Efficient sharpening CIC filter embedding fifth‐order filter with coefficient optimisation algorithm
Authors: Zhibin Lin , Bo Gao , Ruotong Yin , Min Gong 
Published: October 2020

This Letter presents an optimised cascaded integrator comb (CIC) filter sharpening algorithm embedding a fifth‐order finite impulse response filter, which improves the worst‐case alias rejection and simultaneously compensates the passband droop. The sharpening filter is designed without multipliers, which reduces hardware complexity. The results of a fourth‐order CIC filter design practice show that the proposed algorithm improves the worst‐case alias rejection to 128 dB, meanwhile the passband distortion is only 0.015 dB.
Balanced‐to‐unbalanced filtering magic‐T based on circular patch resonator with high selectivity
Authors: Jiao Fei , Zhang Qi , Zhang Qiyun , Gao Xiang , Ma Shuokun , Tang Wanchun 
Published: October 2020

This Letter presents a new design of balanced‐to‐unbalanced (B2U) filtering magic‐T based on circular patch resonator. Without additional circuit, the prescribed in‐phase and out‐of‐phase specifications of the magic‐T are achieved by elaborately studying and exploring the electric field distributions of the degenerate resonant modes in the circular patch resonators. Meanwhile, the desired filtering responses are attained by virtue of the coupling extent between the two designed patch resonators in the back‐to‐back form. In the proposed design, a pair of TM11 modes at first make up passband. Meanwhile, nice common‐mode suppression can be achieved at the balanced ports, and high isolation is achieved at the single‐end ports, respectively. For demonstration, a prototype B2U filtering magic‐T working at 4.3 GHz with 3 dB fractional bandwidth of 16.3% is implemented. Measured results coincide well with simulated ones, verifying the proposed design concept.
Step‐controllable RF MEMS tunable capacitor with ultra‐wide tuning range using netted metal membrane
Authors: Cho H. , Kim J. , Park J.Y. 
Published: October 2020

In this Letter, step‐controllable radio frequency (RF) micro‐electro‐mechanical systems (MEMS) tunable capacitor with ultra‐wide tuning range using netted membrane structure has newly proposed, fabricated, and characterised for highly miniaturised and reconfigurable RF devices and systems applications. The proposed tunable capacitor could step‐wise increase the capacitance by introducing a few slits on the movable top membrane with a netted structure. The fabricated tunable capacitor exhibited 2.38–20.04 pF of tuning range and 146 (off‐state) and 28 (full contacted‐state) of quality factors at 1 GHz, respectively.
Design and analysis of customised pulse width modulation based dc–dc converter for EV battery charging application
Authors: Srivastava Manaswi , Verma Arun Kumar , Singh Tomar Pavan 
Published: October 2020

This study presents the full‐bridge dc–dc converter (FBDC) operated with customised pulse width modulation (cPWM) for electric vehicle (EV) battery charging. The proposed cPWM retains all the benefits of the popular conventional phase shifted modulation (PSM) with minimal modification in the pulse width while further achieving the zero voltage switching for the active switches of the converter. The cPWM gating technique results in minimal circulating loss and switch conduction loss in comparison to PSM gating technique and higher efficiency. The detailed operation of the converter is presented with analysis. The theoretical waveforms of the converter and power loss analysis are discussed. A 540 W, 80 kHz experimental prototype is developed to validate the theoretical analysis. Finally, the comparison between PSM and cPWM is presented.
The solar gravitational redshift from HARPS-LFC Moon spectra
Authors: González Hernández J. I. , Rebolo R. , Pasquini L. , Lo Curto G. , Molaro P. , Caffau E. , Ludwig H.-G. , Steffen M. , Esposito M. , Suárez Mascareño A. , Toledo-Padrón B. , Probst R. A. , Hänsch T. W. , Holzwarth R. , Manescau A. , Steinmetz T. , Udem Th. , Wilken T. 
Published: October 2020

Context. The general theory of relativity predicts the redshift of spectral lines in the solar photosphere as a consequence of the gravitational potential of the Sun. This effect can be measured from a solar disk-integrated flux spectrum of the Sun’s reflected light on Solar System bodies.
Aims. The laser frequency comb (LFC) calibration system attached to the HARPS spectrograph offers the possibility of performing an accurate measurement of the solar gravitational redshift (GRS) by observing the Moon or other Solar System bodies. Here, we analyse the line shift observed in Fe absorption lines from five high-quality HARPS-LFC spectra of the Moon.
Methods. We selected an initial sample of 326 photospheric Fe lines in the spectral range between 476–585 nm and measured their line positions and equivalent widths (EWs). Accurate line shifts were derived from the wavelength position of the core of the lines compared with the laboratory wavelengths of Fe lines. We also used a CO5BOLD 3D hydrodynamical model atmosphere of the Sun to compute 3D synthetic line profiles of a subsample of about 200 spectral Fe lines centred at their laboratory wavelengths. We fit the observed relatively weak spectral Fe lines (with EW< 180 mÅ) with the 3D synthetic profiles.
Results. Convective motions in the solar photosphere do not affect the line cores of Fe lines stronger than about ∼150 mÅ. In our sample, only 15 Fe I lines have EWs in the range 150< EW(mÅ) < 550, providing a measurement of the solar GRS at 639 ± 14 m s−1, which is consistent with the expected theoretical value on Earth of ∼633.1 m s−1. A final sample of about 97 weak Fe lines with EW < 180 mÅ allows us to derive a mean global line shift of 638 ± 6 m s−1, which is in agreement with the theoretical solar GRS.
Conclusions. These are the most accurate measurements of the solar GRS obtained thus far. Ultrastable spectrographs calibrated with the LFC over a larger spectral range, such as HARPS or ESPRESSO, together with a further improvement on the laboratory wavelengths, could provide a more robust measurement of the solar GRS and further testing of 3D hydrodynamical models.
Dynamical structure factors of dynamical quantum simulators
Authors: Baez Maria Laura , Goihl Marcel , Haferkamp Jonas , Bermejo-Vega Juani , Gluza Marek , Eisert Jens 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Quantum simulators promise to offer new insights into strongly correlated matter beyond what is accessible by means of classical computers. We propose dynamical quantum simulators (DQSs) as a method to simulate dynamical structure factors (DSFs) for system sizes considerably larger than what classical simulations can compute and provide complexity-theoretic evidence that they cannot be classically efficiently computed. Based on state-of-the-art experimental setups, we show how results from DQSs can be directly compared to experiments exploring properties of quantum materials. At the same time, we explore long-ranged spin systems: In particular, we show that the DSFs in DQSs can exhibit the signatures of excitation confinement in long-ranged models for which a comprehensive understanding is lacking.
Dynamic and reversible shape response of red blood cells in synthetic liquid crystals
Authors: Nayani Karthik , Evans Arthur A. , Spagnolie Saverio E. , Abbott Nicholas L. 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Red blood cells are soft and pliable, which allows them to deform through small capillaries. We have found that red blood cells, if dispersed in a synthetic liquid crystal, are squeezed into complex shapes via the viscoelastic environment created by the liquid crystal. The strained shapes exhibited by individual red blood cells in liquid crystals reveal cell mechanical properties and unmask a high level of cell-to-cell variation across a population of cells. The sharing of strain between liquid crystals and soft mammalian cells is general and provides approaches for quantifying variations in cell mechanical properties, including during aging and diseases such as malaria and sickle cell anemia.
Reduced volume and reflection for bright optical tweezers with radial Laguerre–Gauss beams
Authors: Béguin J.-B. , Laurat J. , Luan X. , Burgers A. P. , Qin Z. , Kimble H. J. 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Nanoscale dielectric devices are capable of mediating long-range atom–atom interactions using guided mode photons, as well as long-range photon–photon interactions mediated by lattices of atoms. Such systems have the potential to provide new tools for quantum science. However, an outstanding challenge is the delivery of single atoms to optical traps near nanophotonic devices. We introduce a capability that could increase fidelity for atom-lattice assembly near nanophotonic structures. Other applications include imaging strategies.
Understanding immersion in zinc fixed-point cells using factorial design of experiments
Authors: da Silva Rodrigo , Pearce Jonathan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the ‘lift-off effect’ in zinc open cells, where an anomalously large change in temperature is observed when the standard platinum resistance thermometer (SPRT) is lifted off the bottom of the re-entrant tube during an immersion profile measurement. The goal was to determine the most important influences and hence what measures could be taken to mitigate it. The influences investigated were the filling gas, re-entrant tube material, re-entrant tube exterior surface condition, and the SPRT design. For each of these influence variables, three options were chosen. Since testing all combinations of different configurations arising would be extremely time consuming, the authors employed the optimal ‘design of experiments’ method using orthogonal arrays described by the Taguchi method, which is commonly used in manufacturing to optimise processes. Nine test configurations were identified, giving the necessary information on the interrelation between all influence variables. According to these results, the ideal configuration that yields the optimum immersion profile is a borosilicate tube, with full sandblasting and using nitrogen as filling gas for the cell. In addition, one particular SPRT design was found to be the least sensitive to the lift-off effect.
Functional Heterogeneity in Superorganisms: Emerging Trends and Concepts
Authors: O’Shea-Wheller Thomas A , Hunt Edmund R , Sasaki Takao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSocial insects are biological benchmarks of self-organization and decentralized control. Their integrated yet accessible nature makes them ideal models for the investigation of complex social network interactions, and the mechanisms that shape emergent group capabilities. Increasingly, interindividual heterogeneity, and the functional role that it may play, is seen as an important facet of colonies’ social architecture. Insect superorganisms present powerful model systems for the elucidation of conserved trends in biology, through the strong and consistent analogies that they display with multicellular organisms. As such, research relating to the benefits and constraints of heterogeneity in behavior, morphology, phenotypic plasticity, and colony genotype provides insight into the underpinnings of emergent collective phenomena, with rich potential for future exploration. Here, we review recent advances and trends in the understanding of functional heterogeneity within social insects. We highlight the scope for fundamental advances in biological knowledge, and the opportunity for emerging concepts to be verified and expanded upon, with the aid of bioinspired engineering in swarm robotics, and computational task allocation.
Reactive Eosinophil Proliferations in Tissue and the Lymphocytic Variant of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
Authors: King Rebecca L , Tan Brent , Craig Fiona E , George Tracy I , Horny Hans-Peter , Kelemen Katalin , Orazi Attilio , Reichard Kaaren K , Rimsza Lisa M , Wang Sa A , Zamo Alberto , Quintanilla-Martinez Leticia 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The 2019 Society for Hematopathology and European Association for Haematopathology Workshop reviewed the spectrum of neoplastic, nonneoplastic, and borderline entities associated with reactive eosinophilia in tissue.

Methods
The workshop panel reviewed 46 cases covered in 2 workshop sessions.

Results
The 46 cases were presented with their consensus diagnoses during the workshop. Reactive eosinophilia in lymph nodes and other tissues may be accompanied by or be distinct from peripheral blood eosinophilia. Reactive etiologies included inflammatory disorders such as Kimura disease and IgG4-related disease, which may show overlapping pathologic features and reactions to infectious agents and hypersensitivity (covered in a separate review). Hodgkin, T-cell, and B-cell lymphomas and histiocytic neoplasms can result in reactive eosinophilia. The spectrum of these diseases is discussed and illustrated through representative cases.

Conclusions
Reactive eosinophilia in lymph nodes and tissues may be related to both nonneoplastic and neoplastic lymphoid proliferations and histiocytic and nonhematolymphoid processes. Understanding the differential diagnosis of reactive eosinophilia and the potential for overlapping clinical and pathologic findings is critical in reaching the correct diagnosis so that patients can be treated appropriately.
Development of standardized regression-based formulas to assess meaningful cognitive change in early Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Combs Hannah L , Wyman-Chick Kate A , Erickson Lauren O , York Michele K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective
Longitudinal assessment of cognitive and emotional functioning in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) is helpful in tracking progression of the disease, developing treatment plans, evaluating outcomes, and educating patients and families. Determining whether change over time is meaningful in neurodegenerative conditions, such as PD, can be difficult as repeat assessment of neuropsychological functioning is impacted by factors outside of cognitive change. Regression-based prediction formulas are one method by which clinicians and researchers can determine whether an observed change is meaningful. The purpose of the current study was to develop and validate regression-based prediction models of cognitive and emotional test scores for participants with early-stage idiopathic PD and healthy controls (HC) enrolled in the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI).

Methods
Participants with de novo PD and HC were identified retrospectively from the PPMI archival database. Data from baseline testing and 12-month follow-up were utilized in this study. In total, 688 total participants were included in the present study (NPD = 508; NHC = 185). Subjects from both groups were randomly divided into development (70%) and validation (30%) subsets.

Results
Early-stage idiopathic PD patients and healthy controls were similar at baseline. Regression-based models were developed for all cognitive and self-report mood measures within both populations. Within the validation subset, the predicted and observed cognitive test scores did not significantly differ, except for semantic fluency.

Conclusions
The prediction models can serve as useful tools for researchers and clinicians to study clinically meaningful cognitive and mood change over time in PD.
Ecological and social drivers of neighbor recognition and the dear enemy effect in a poison frog
Authors: Tumulty James P , Bee Mark A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Navigating social relationships frequently rests on the ability to recognize familiar individuals using phenotypic characteristics. Across diverse taxa, animals vary in their capacities for social recognition, but the ecological and social sources of selection for recognition are often unclear. In a comparative study of two closely related species of poison frogs, we identified a species difference in social recognition of territory neighbors and investigated potential sources of selection underlying this difference. In response to acoustic playbacks, male golden rocket frogs (Anomaloglossus beebei) recognized the calls of neighbors and displayed a “dear enemy effect” by responding less aggressively to neighbors’ calls than strangers’ calls. In contrast, male Kai rocket frogs (Anomaloglossus kaiei) were equally aggressive to the calls of neighbors and strangers. This species difference in behavior is associated with key differences in reproductive ecology and characteristics of territories. Golden rocket frogs defend reproductive resources in the form of bromeliads, which is expected to create a threat asymmetry between neighbors and strangers favoring decreased aggression to neighbors. In contrast, Kai rocket frogs do not defend reproductive resources. Further, compared with Kai rocket frog territories, golden rocket frog territories occur at higher densities and are defended for longer periods of time, creating a more complex social environment with more opportunities for repeated but unnecessary aggression between neighbors, which should favor the ability to recognize and exhibit less aggression toward neighbors. These results suggest that differences in reproductive ecology can drive changes in social structure that select for social recognition.
kTWAS: integrating kernel machine with transcriptome-wide association studies improves statistical power and reveals novel genes
Authors: Cao Chen , Kwok Devin , Edie Shannon , Li Qing , Ding Bowei , Kossinna Pathum , Campbell Simone , Wu Jingjing , Greenberg Matthew , Long Quan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The power of genotype–phenotype association mapping studies increases greatly when contributions from multiple variants in a focal region are meaningfully aggregated. Currently, there are two popular categories of variant aggregation methods. Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) represent a set of emerging methods that select variants based on their effect on gene expressions, providing pretrained linear combinations of variants for downstream association mapping. In contrast to this, kernel methods such as sequence kernel association test (SKAT) model genotypic and phenotypic variance use various kernel functions that capture genetic similarity between subjects, allowing nonlinear effects to be included. From the perspective of machine learning, these two methods cover two complementary aspects of feature engineering: feature selection/pruning and feature aggregation. Thus far, no thorough comparison has been made between these categories, and no methods exist which incorporate the advantages of TWAS- and kernel-based methods. In this work, we developed a novel method called kernel-based TWAS (kTWAS) that applies TWAS-like feature selection to a SKAT-like kernel association test, combining the strengths of both approaches. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate that kTWAS has higher power than TWAS and multiple SKAT-based protocols, and we identify novel disease-associated genes in Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium genotyping array data and MSSNG (Autism) sequence data. The source code for kTWAS and our simulations are available in our GitHub repository (https://github.com/theLongLab/kTWAS).
Unpaired data empowers association tests
Authors: Gong Mingming , Liu Peng , Sciurba Frank C , Stojanov Petar , Tao Dacheng , Tseng George C , Zhang Kun , Batmanghelich Kayhan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Motivation
There is growing interest in the biomedical research community to incorporate retrospective data, available in healthcare systems, to shed light on associations between different biomarkers. Understanding the association between various types of biomedical data, such as genetic, blood biomarkers, imaging, etc. can provide a holistic understanding of human diseases. To formally test a hypothesized association between two types of data in Electronic Health Records (EHRs), one requires a substantial sample size with both data modalities to achieve a reasonable power. Current association test methods only allow using data from individuals who have both data modalities. Hence, researchers cannot take advantage of much larger EHR samples that includes individuals with at least one of the data types, which limits the power of the association test.

Results
We present a new method called the Semi-paired Association Test (SAT) that makes use of both paired and unpaired data. In contrast to classical approaches, incorporating unpaired data allows SAT to produce better control of false discovery and to improve the power of the association test. We study the properties of the new test theoretically and empirically, through a series of simulations and by applying our method on real studies in the context of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. We are able to identify an association between the high-dimensional characterization of Computed Tomography chest images and several blood biomarkers as well as the expression of dozens of genes involved in the immune system.

Availability and implementation
Code is available on https://github.com/batmanlab/Semi-paired-Association-Test.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.